bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Measurable Outcomes of an Ophthalmology and Rheumatology Coordinated Care Clinic
Authors: Lavallee Catherine , Ahrens Monica , Davidson Stefanie L. , Goheer Haseeb , Shuster Allison , Lerman Melissa A. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveWe evaluated the impact of an Ophthalmology/Rheumatology multidisciplinary clinic for patients with anterior uveitis by comparing outcomes between those who received traditional care (TC) versus coordinated care (CC).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of children with anterior uveitis from a pediatric tertiary care center between 2013 and 2022. Standard descriptive statistics were used; survival analyses explored differences in cohort disease activity and biologic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment. Steroid treatment by cohort was compared using generalized estimating equation model with Poisson distribution and log link. Complications were compared using logistic regression. Number of visits in each cohort were assessed using Poisson generalized estimating equation model adjusted for complications.ResultsWe studied 215 patients with anterior uveitis; 66% were female, 53% had juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and 23% were idiopathic, with a median age at diagnosis of 8 years old (interquartile range 5–12). CC was associated with a 60% higher hazard of reaching disease control (hazard ratio 1.6; P < 0.01) when controlling for time since diagnosis and anterior chamber cell counts at the beginning of disease activity. CC was associated with starting biologic DMARDs earlier than TC (P < 0.01). Compared with the group who received TC, the group who received CC had a 96% lower rate of glucocorticoid reception per appointment within the first year (P < 0.01). The visit rate was 64% lower for the group who received CC when controlling for total complications per patient.ConclusionPatients who received multidisciplinary care had better outcomes than patients who received TC. Limitations include different cohort start times and absence of defined criteria for CC referral.image
Conformal Ordered Solid–Liquid Coupled Piezoelectric Units for Programmable Adaptive Optics
Authors: Ren Kaile , Gao Xiangyu , Jin Haonan , Qiao Liao , Xia Song , Li Fei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrdered piezoelectric units are designed to achieve unnaturally large strains and artificial vibrational modes, owing to the synergistic effects of multiple units. However, when interfacing with another physical field, the challenge for ordered piezoelectric units is to achieve precise control of individual unit independently while maintaining a large manipulation range. In this study, conformal ordered solid–liquid coupled piezoelectric units are introduced, which effectively reduce stress transfer by as much as 84% between units via incorporating a liquid phase into each unit. This design allows for the generation of considerable strain levels (up to ɛZ = 1.13%) when used with a flexible layer and optimized structure. Hence, these conformal ordered piezoelectric units achieve simultaneous production of large strains and independent electromechanical control for each individual unit. As a practical illustration, a biomimetic piezoelectric adaptive lens and a lens array based on solid–liquid coupled piezoelectric units are designed and fabricated. They offer an extensive zoom range from 100.3 mm to infinity, ultra‐high diopter sensitivity of 70 D mV−1, ultra‐rapid response time of 50 µs, and programmable optical focusing through individual manipulation of each unit. This research paves the way for inspiring new designs for piezoelectric metamaterials and devices for intelligent electromechanical systems.
Directly Printable, Non‐Smearable and Stretchable Conductive Ink Enabled by Liquid Metal Microparticles Interstitially Engineered in Highly Entangled Elastomeric Matrix
Authors: Singh Mukesh , Bhuyan Priyanuj , Jeong Sunho , Park Sungjune 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLiquid metal or liquid metal microparticles (LMP) based conductive inks, though promising for fabrication of circuits for use in soft and stretchable electronics, are constrained by a few drawbacks such as need for encapsulation, need for sintering to induce conductivity, and smearing. To address these issues, herein, a stretchable conductive composite ink is developed by combining LMPs with carbon black (CB) in highly entangled polysiloxane elastomer. LMP‐dispersed elastomer lacks conductivity because of its non‐percolated network, however, the CB can interconnect LMPs to act as a bridge, thereby imparting conductivity to the elastomer. Due to presence of fluidic LMPs, the LMPs‐dispersed elastomer lies in soft regime with initial conductivity of 5.6 S m−1, aided by the presence of CB in the interstitial spaces between the LMPs. The highly entangled molecular network of the encapsulating elastomer endows the resulting composite with high stretchability (≈286%) and softness (0.648 MPa) and its long pot life enables rheological modulation of the ink to achieve pressure‐driven direct printed non‐smearing traces. The LMPs‐based conductive ink developed in this work is expected to be further utilized in the fabrication of soft robotics and electronic skin and integrated into electronic modules by facile direct 3D printing.
Self‐Confined Construction of Facet Heterojunction with Tunable Band Alignment for Enhanced Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Li Mengting , Mu Huiying , Su Ran , Liu Ruihong , Liu Ying , Li Yilei , Li Fa‐tang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAlthough crystal facet engineering is extensively studied in energy and environmental technologies, the in‐depth understanding of intrinsic mechanisms governing crystal facet heterojunctions in tuning band alignments is still limited. Here, novel Bi5O7NO3 crystals exposing tailor {080} facets are synthesized via NH4+‐assisted self‐confined construction. It has been confirmed that NH4+ ions selectively adsorb on the {141} facets, inversely inducing the growth of desired {080} crystal facets, while the tailored {080} facets facilitate the generation of oxygen vacancies. The controllable concentration of oxygen vacancies, influenced by different exposed facets, can optimize the relative positions of Fermi levels and shift the photoelectron transfer route between the {141} and {080}‐OV facets from type‐II to S‐scheme, thus triggering rapid charge transport channels and effectively suppressing electron‐hole recombination. DFT calculation verifies that the energy barrier for the *COOH formation on Bi5O7NO3‐{080}‐OV is the lowest, thereby promoting the generation of CO. The well‐designed Bi5O7NO3 crystals with the optimal {080}/{141} facet ratio exhibit a 3.8‐fold enhancement in photocatalytic CO2 reduction, compared to traditional Bi5O7NO3 dominated by the {141} facets. This work offers new insights into the regulation of band alignments at heterointerfaces and the design of high‐efficiency photocatalysts.
Role of Spin Transport on Ultrafast Spin Dynamics in Magnetic Weyl Semimetal (Co2MnGa)/Pt Heterostructures with High Spin‐Mixing Conductance
Authors: Dutta Soma , Panda Surya Narayan , Markou Anastasios , Felser Claudia , Lesne Edouard , Barman Anjan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMagnetic Weyl semimetals are emerging as a new class of material systems for spintronics due to their intrinsic topological properties and the inherent interplay between topology and magnetism, giving rise to novel electronic states and spin‐orbital‐related effects. Here, ultrafast magnetization dynamics in the Weyl semimetal Heusler ferromagnet Co2MnGa is investigated, from femtosecond to nanosecond timescales, using time‐resolved magneto‐optical Kerr effect (TR‐MOKE) at room temperature. Ultrafast demagnetization and precessional dynamics corresponding to the Kittel and perpendicular standing spin‐wave (PSSW) modes of Co2MnGa, interfaced with Pt thin films of varying thickness, have been investigated. The exchange stiffness constant of Co2MnGa is determined, as well as detailed information about spin‐transport across the Co2MnGa/Pt interface. From the modulation of Gilbert damping of Co2MnGa with Pt thickness, a very high intrinsic spin‐mixing conductance, G↑↓ =  1.73  ×  1016 cm−2 is extracted of the interface and the spin diffusion length of Pt is determined to be 2.9 ± 0.2 nm. The interfacial spin transparency is found to reach a sizeable value of ≈83%, in the perfect spin‐sink regime, suggesting the great potential of this heterostructure for spin‐orbitronics and devices relying on ultrafast magnetization dynamics.
“Periodontal ligament‐on‐chip” as a Novel Tool for Studies on the Physiology and Pathology of Periodontal Tissues
Authors: Svanberg Sara , Hirth Elisabeth , Mitsiadis Thimios A. , Dittrich Petra S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTeeth exert fundamental physiological functions, such as mastication and speech, and are a key feature of oral health that affects life quality. Teeth are anchored to the alveolar bone via the periodontal ligament, which provides stability to the teeth and absorbs mechanical stresses during mastication. Periodontal infection leads to periodontitis, a severe inflammation of the supporting soft tissues that ultimately cause tooth loss. Despite the pressing need of periodontal regeneration for improved oral care, efficient in vitro models of the periodontal tissues are still missing, thus hampering the development of novel, faster, and more effective therapy modalities. Herein, a novel “periodontal ligament (PDL)‐on‐chip” model that integrates patient‐derived periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) and endothelial cells is introduced. This microfluidic platform provides optimal conditions for the formation of extensive and perfusable vascular networks. Furthermore, PDLCs elicit blood vessels’ development and maturation while establishing close contacts with the endothelial cells. Potential applications for inflammatory periodontal diseases are also successfully displayed in the “PDL‐on‐chip” by stimulating inflammation and detecting inflammatory cytokines. This work offers a cornerstone for more complex and specialized microfluidic dental models, which are necessary to unravel complex oral diseases that affect individuals’ general health that go beyond the field of dentistry.
Enhancement of Ionic Transport at the Interface of LLZTO by Using Lithium Borohydride Ammoniates
Authors: Wang Yijiao , Liu Peng , Wang Shuo , Xin Zhan , Yu Miao , Yuan Caiting , He Pingting , Lv Yingtong , Zhang Tengfei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGarnetbased all‐solid‐state electrolytes are promising because of their wide electrochemical window and high ionic conductivity. However, the preparation process for garnet‐based solid‐state electrolytes is complex, requiring a high sintering temperature (>1050 °C) and a long sintering time (>10 h), which results in poor contact with the electrode. In this work, hydride coating modification can effectively improve the interface contact of oxide particles and enhance the ability of ion conduction. Hence, a series of composite electrolytes Li6.4La3Zr1.4Ta0.6O12‐xwt%Li(NH3)0.2BH4 (LLZTO‐xwt%LNB, 0≤x≤30) is synthesized at Room temperature (RT), in which hydrides uniformly coat and fill in the pores of LLZTO to provide lithium‐ion transport channels. At 30 °C, the conductivity of LLZTO‐10wt%Li(NH3)0.2BH4 (LLZTO‐10wt%LNB, 2.3 × 10−4 S cm−1) is four orders higher than pristine untreated LLZTO (8.7 × 10−8 S cm−1), and two orders higher than pristine Li(NH3)0.2BH4 (1.3 × 10−6 S cm−1). The critical current density reaches up to 3 mA cm−2, demonstrating excellent stability against lithium. These strategies positively impact the development and application of solid‐state electrolytes.
Bifunctional Au@UiO‐67‐bpy‐Cu Plasmonic Nanostructures for the Solar‐Driven CO2 Reduction to Methanol
Authors: Cepero‐Rodríguez Elizabeth , Sousa‐Castillo Ana , Besteiro Lucas V. , Puértolas Begoña , Vázquez‐González Margarita , Correa‐Duarte M.A 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhotocatalytic CO2 reduction is gaining more interest as a sustainable route to produce methanol, a key starting material in the synthesis of many chemicals and a potential energy carrier. Here, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are used as platforms to integrate plasmonic Au nanospheres and Cu active centers in joint bifunctional hybrid photocatalysts. The methodology followed in obtaining stable Au@UiO‐67‐bpy‐Cu MOFs is based on synthesizing Au@UiO‐67‐bypiridine (bpy) MOFs through a core‐shell procedure, and then modifying them with Cu ions after their coordination with the bpy ligands. This gains the final structure regular coverage of active metal centers that can be excited by the interaction with the plasmonic nanospheres. In the absence of Au, the system demonstrates selectivity toward the formation of methanol under hole scavenger‐free conditions owing to the excitation of the bpy‐Cu complex with visible light. The obtained yield duplicates upon Au nanospheres incorporation as a result of the injection of hot electrons, excited by surface‐mediated intraband processes, to the bpy‐Cu states, thus increasing their CO2 reduction efficiency. Additionally, the catalytic activity remains stable during four consecutive cycles.
Germline RTEL1 Variants in Telomere Biology Disorders
Authors: Thompson Ashley S. , Niewisch Marena R. , Giri Neelam , McReynolds Lisa J. , Savage Sharon A. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTRare germline variation in regulator of telomere elongation helicase 1 (RTEL1) is associated with telomere biology disorders (TBDs). Biallelic RTEL1 variants result in childhood onset dyskeratosis congenita and Hoyeraal‐Hreidarsson syndrome whereas heterozygous individuals usually present later in life with pulmonary fibrosis or bone marrow failure. We compiled all TBD‐associated RTEL1 variants in the literature and assessed phenotypes and outcomes of 44 individuals from 14 families with mono‐ or biallelic RTEL1 variants enrolled in clinical trial NCT00027274. Variants were classified by adapting ACMG‐AMP guidelines using clinical information, telomere length, and variant allele frequency data. Compared with heterozygotes, individuals with biallelic RTEL1 variants had an earlier age at diagnosis (median age 35.5 vs. 5.1 years, p < 0.01) and worse overall survival (median age 66.5 vs. 22.9 years, p < 0.001). There were 257 unique RTEL1 variants reported in 47 publications, and 209 had a gnomAD minor allele frequency <1%. Only 38.3% (80/209) met pathogenic/likely pathogenic criteria. Notably, 8 of 209 reported disease‐associated variants were benign or likely benign and the rest were variants of uncertain significance. Given the considerable differences in outcomes of TBDs associated with RTEL1 germline variants and the extent of variation in the gene, systematic functional studies and standardization of variant curation are urgently needed to inform clinical management.
Molecular Evidence for the Axial Coordination Effect of Atomic Iodine on Fe‐N4 Sites in Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Wang Xiang , Yi Zhen‐Yu , Wang Yu‐Qi , Wang Dong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present a molecular‐scale investigation of the axial coordination effect of atomic iodine on Fe‐N4 sites in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) by electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (ECSTM). A well‐defined model catalytic system with explicit and uniform iodine‐coordinated Fe‐N4 sites was constructed facilely by the self‐assembly of iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) on an I‐modified Au(111) surface. The electrocatalytic activity of FePc for the ORR shows notable enhancement with axial iodine ligands. The modulation of the electronic structure of Fe sites to evoke a higher spin configuration by axial iodine was evidenced. The interaction strength between oxygen‐containing species and active centers becomes weaker due to the presence of iodine ligands, and the reaction is thermodynamically preferable. Furthermore, the reaction dynamics of FePc on I/Au(111) were explicitly determined via in situ ECSTM potential pulse experiments. In contrast, axial atomic iodine was found inefficacious for improving the activity of Co‐N4 sites, and electron rearrangement was found to be marginal, demonstrating that adequate interactions between axial ligands and metal sites for optimizing electronic structures and catalytic behaviors are prerequisites for the impactful role of axial ligands.
Salidroside alleviates imiquimod‐induced psoriasis by inhibiting GSDMD‐driven keratinocyte pyroptosis
Authors: Wang Mengjie , Tu Tuyagaer , Wang Yangxingyun , Tian Limin , Yang Yuenan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPsoriasis is a common immune‐related polygenic inflammatory skin disease. Salidroside (SAL) exerts anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects and is used to treat skin diseases. However, the specific effects of SAL on psoriasis remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of SAL for psoriasis treatment. Mice were treated with imiquimod (IMQ) to establish an in vivo psoriasis model. Histological analysis was conducted via hematoxylin and eosin staining. Cytokine release was determined via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, mRNA levels were determined via reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was assessed via Western blotting. Gasdermin D (GSDMD) and Ki‐67 expression levels were determined via immunohistochemistry. Caspase 1 and GSDMD expression levels were determined via immunofluorescence assay. Furthermore, macrophage function and keratinocyte pyroptosis were also analyzed via flow cytometry. Cell proliferation was determined using 5‐ethynyl‐2ʹdeoxyuridine assay. SAL alleviated IMQ‐induced psoriasis. IMQ‐mediated GSDMD‐driven pyroptosis and keratinocyte hyperproliferation promoted M1 macrophage polarization. However, SAL treatment suppressed GSDMD expression, thereby inhibiting keratinocyte proliferation and pyroptosis and promoting M2 macrophage polarization. GSDMD deficiency further promoted the effects of SAL and suppressed psoriasis progression. Overall, our findings suggest that SAL exerts protective effects against psoriasis. Specifically, it exerts anti‐inflammatory effects by regulating M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting keratinocyte pyroptosis‐driven proliferation induced by the immune microenvironment in psoriasis.
Selective embolization with autologous fat to treat massive bleeding secondary to percutaneous renal biopsy
Authors: Solis‐Jiménez Fabio , Perez‐Zamorano Alexandra , Eid‐Lidt Guering , Jimenez‐Rodriguez Gian Manuel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBleeding following a percutaneous renal biopsy is a complication that can be life‐threatening. Embolization of the bleeding artery is a procedure that can limit the damage; however, embolization devices can be costly or not immediately available. This is why we present the case of a 25‐year‐old man with a history of multiple thromboses who underwent a renal biopsy due to suspected systemic lupus erythematosus. Five days after the procedure, he developed hypovolemic shock. A CT scan was performed due to suspected hemorrhage and showed active bleeding at the renal biopsy site. Since embolization devices were not immediately available, selective embolization of the bleeding artery was successfully performed using autologous fat. It is known that embolization with coils is the most frequently used interventional procedure to stop bleeding secondary to renal biopsies. However, embolization with autologous fat is a proven technique to stop bleeding in coronary perforations. In this case, we adapted this technique to treat an actively bleeding renal artery secondary to a renal biopsy. Based on this case, we consider that this technique may be an alternative when coil embolization is not available.
Avoiding Replicates in Biocatalysis Experiments: Machine Learning for Enzyme Cascade Optimization
Authors: Siedentop Regine , Siska Maximilian , Hermes Johanna , Lütz Stephan , von Lieres Eric , Rosenthal Katrin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe optimization of enzyme cascades is a complex and resource‐demanding task due to the multitude of parameters and synergistic effects involved. Machine learning can support the identification of optimal reaction conditions, for example, in the case of Bayesian optimization (BO), by proposing new experiments based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) and expected improvement (EI). Here, in this research BO is used to optimize the concentrations of the reaction components of an enzyme cascade. The productivity‐cost‐ratio is chosen as the optimization objective in order to achieve the highest possible productivity, which was normalized to the costs of the materials used to prevent convergence to ever‐increasing enzyme concentrations. To reduce the experimental effort, contrary to common practice in biological experiments, replicates were not used; instead, the algorithm's proposed experiments and inherent uncertainty quantification were relied upon. This approach balances parameter space exploration and exploitation, which is critical for the efficient and effective identification of optimal reaction conditions. At the optimized reaction conditions identified in this study, the productivity‐cost ratio is doubled to 38.6 mmol L−1 h−1 €−1 compared to a reference experiment. The parameter optimization required only 52 experiments while being robust to outlying experimental results.
Recent Applications of Sulfonium Salts in Synthesis and Catalysis
Authors: Timmann Sven , Feng Zeyu , Alcarazo Manuel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe use of sulfonium salts in organic synthesis has experienced a dramatic increase during the last years that can arguably be attributed to three main factors; the development of more direct and efficient synthetic methods that make easily available sulfonium reagents of a wide structural variety, their intrinsic thermal stability, which facilitates their structural modification, handling and purification even on large scale, and the recognition that their reactivity resembles that of hypervalent iodine compounds and therefore, they can be used as replacement of such reagents for most of their uses. This renewed interest has led to the improvement of already existing reactions, as well as to the discovery of unprecedented transformations; in particular, by the implementation of photocatalytic protocols. This review aims to summarize the most recent advancements on the area focusing on the work published during and after 2020. The scope of the methods developed will be highlighted and their limitations critically evaluated.
Tuning the Steric and Electronic Properties of Hemilabile NHC ligands for Gold(I/III) Catalyzed Oxyarylation of Ethylene: A Computational Study
Authors: Galdi Gaetano , Costabile Chiara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMechanistic studies on 1,2‐oxyarylation of ethylene promoted by gold catalysts bearing hemilabile N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (NHC^X) ligands were conducted by DFT calculations, exploring the whole catalytic cycle. After highest energy transition state (TS) barriers were located for NHC^N gold catalyst, and experimental results with different iodoarenes and alcohols rationalized, the study was extended to modified NHC^X catalysts, to observe how electronic and steric effects could affect the rate determining step TS. Electronic effects were investigated on NHC^X (X=H, N, O, P, and S), whereas steric effects emerged when comparing catalysts with different N−R groups (R=Dipp, Mes, tBu and Me). Finally, we suggest a different catalyst design based on N‐aryl N‐o‐donor‐aryl NHC, with different donors and NHC backbones to search for better performing systems.