bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Cervical Joint Position Sense and Head Posture in Individuals With Myogenic Temporomandibular Dysfunctions and Identifying Related Factors: A Case‐Control Study
Authors: Yüzbaşıoğlu Ümit , Kaynak Besime Ahu , Taş Serkan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTemporomandibular dysfunctions (TMDs) have the potential to cause changes in cervical muscle strength, muscle endurance and position sense by changing muscle activation patterns, especially as a result of forward head posture. The effects of TMDs on cervical joint position sense (CJPS) and head posture remain controversial.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the head posture and CJPS of individuals with TMDs and compare them with healthy individuals.MethodsThis research, which was designed as a case‐control study, was concluded with the inclusion of total of 84 participants (42 individuals diagnosed with myogenic TMDs, 42 controls). The assessment of participants included pain severity, neck and jaw functionality and disability, CJPS, head posture and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) range of motion (ROM).ResultsIndividuals with TMDs exhibited higher angular deviation in CJPS during flexion and extension (p < 0.001). Additionally, individuals with TMDs demonstrated higher TMJ pain, limitation and dysfunction severity, as well as a more limited TMJ ROM (p < 0.001). Head posture was similar between groups (p > 0.05). There is a significant relationship between VAS‐TMJ with VAS‐cervical, FAI, NDI, JFLS‐8 and TMJ ROM (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant correlation was observed between NDI with FAI and TMJ ROM (p < 0.05).ConclusionThese results indicate that in addition to higher pain severity, disability and lower jaw ROM, CJPS of individuals with TMDs is also negatively affected. Also, parameters related to disability and functionality of cervical and TMJ were significantly correlated. Further studies are needed to determine the factors contributing to these results.
How to address the barriers to meaningful adolescent involvement in health research: A qualitative study
Authors: Warraitch Azza , Wacker Ciara , Buckley Emer , Bourke Ashling , Hadfield Kristin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe under‐involvement of adolescents in health research has been attributed to multiple barriers faced by both researchers and adolescents. Despite identifying these barriers, the literature offers few solutions, mostly from the perspective of researchers. To address this, we conducted a qualitative study to explore effective strategies to address these barriers from the perspective of both researchers and adolescents. We conducted semi‐structured interviews with adolescents (n = 25) and researchers (n = 25) from 14 countries. We included adolescents aged 10–24 years with experience of contributing to health research studies and health researchers with experience of engaging adolescents in health research. The interviews explored the mitigation strategies to commonly reported barriers to meaningful adolescent involvement for researchers and adolescents. Data were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis. We identified three overarching strategies to address the commonly experienced barriers to adolescent involvement. First, participants suggested the need to plan for adequate resources, organizational support, capacity building, accessibility, compensation, and adolescents' safety. Second, they recommended building relationships by engaging the community, fostering trust and respect with adolescents, promoting teamwork, and maintaining transparent communication. Third, they proposed making involvement engaging for adolescents by creating a conducive environment, increasing their representation, using interesting methods, and addressing power dynamics. These findings build on the current best practices for adolescent involvement in health research by highlighting which strategies should be incorporated early on to plan for and prevent potential challenges to adolescent involvement.
Translating agile management practices into a traditional industry context
Authors: Kreye Melanie E. , Ramirez Hernandez Tabea , Eppinger Steven 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study explores the translation of agile management practices (agile) into a traditional industry context. Using a case study of agile adoption in a development project in a large traditional company of the aerospace and defense industry, this research investigates how the translation process unfolds by studying how both idea and context are adapted to create shared meaning. This research makes two main contributions. First, this research introduces translation theory to the innovation management literature and details its applicability in explaining variations in outcomes of applying management practices in new organizational contexts. Our research suggests that this constitutes a complementary theoretical lens to diffusion theory, enabling the explanation of the process to create shared meaning when idea and recipient context have a low level of compatibility. Second, this research shows the process of translating agile into a traditional context through a non‐linear joint creation of meaning. The process was shaped largely by the experience and resolution of project‐external (i.e., with the surrounding organization) and project‐internal conflicts, which in turn motivated the idea or context to adapt. The study identifies two central concepts, namely isolation, and shielding, which determine how the translation process unfolds and how meaning is created. Managerial implications based on these contributions are presented and discussed.
Changes in Microbial Ecosystems and Serum Metabolomics by Diet Supplementation With Enramycin in Weaning Piglets
Authors: Umemura Kana , Miyata Shiho , Lyu Guanlin , Suda Yoshihito , Yoshimoto Yuto , Terajima Taiki , Liu Hong , Kambe Jun , Makioka‐Itaya Yuko , Inoue Ryo , Li Chunmei , Yamamoto Yuki , Nagaoka Kentaro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAntibiotics are used in swine production for growth promotion and disease prevention, raising concerns about environmental contamination and antibiotic resistance. In this study, we investigated the effects of enramycin supplementation on piglet growth, gut microbiota and blood metabolites. Enramycin promotes piglet growth and temporarily reduces diarrhoea. Gut microbiota analysis revealed changes in microbial composition, including an increase in the abundance of Limosilactobacillus reuteri. Metabolomic analysis has identified elevated levels of dimethylglycine, a known growth‐promoting factor, in the enramycin group. Liver gene expression analysis revealed increased mRNA levels of ALDH and dimethylglycine dehydrogenase, which are enzymes involved in dimethylglycine metabolism. The enramycin‐treated group had a higher concentration of acetic acid in caecal contents, and their caecal acetic acid concentrations were positively correlated with the abundance of L. reuteri and the content of serum dimethylglycine, respectively. These findings suggest that the promotion effect of enramycin on piglet growth is related to the gut microbiota, blood metabolites and liver gene expression, which provide insights into antibiotic alternatives for swine production.
Population genetics of the freshwater red alga Batrachospermum gelatinosum (Rhodophyta) II: Phylogeographic analyses reveal spatial genetic structure among and within five major drainage basins in eastern North America
Authors: Crowell Roseanna M. , Shainker‐Connelly Sarah J. , Krueger‐Hadfield Stacy A. , Vis Morgan L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe freshwater red alga Batrachospermum gelatinosum has a well‐documented distribution spanning historically glaciated and unglaciated eastern North America. This alga has no known desiccation‐resistant propagule; thus, long‐distance dispersal events are likely rare. We predicted strong genetic structure among drainage basins and admixture among sites within basins. We predicted greater genetic diversity at lower latitude sites because they likely serve as refugia and the origin of northward, post‐Pleistocene range expansion. We used 10 microsatellite loci to investigate genetic diversity from 311 gametophytes from 18 sites in five major drainage basins: South Atlantic Gulf, Mid‐Atlantic, Ohio River, Great Lakes, and Northeast. Our data showed strong genetic partitioning among drainage basins and among sites within basins, yet no isolation by distance was detected. Genetic diversity varied widely among sites and was not strictly related to latitude as predicted. The results from B. gelatinosum provide strong support that each stream site contributes to the unique genetic variation within the species, potentially due to limited dispersal and the prevailing reproductive mode of intragametophytic selfing. Simulations of migration suggested post‐Pleistocene dispersal from the Mid‐Atlantic. Batrachospermum gelatinosum potentially persisted in refugia that were just south of the ice margins rather than in the southernmost part of its range. Research of other taxa with similar ranges could determine whether these results are generally applicable for freshwater red algae. Nevertheless, these results from B. gelatinosum add to the growing literature focused on the patterns and genetic consequences of post‐Pleistocene range expansion by eastern North American biota.
A machine‐learning algorithm to grade heart murmurs and stage preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs
Authors: McDonald Andrew , Novo Matos Jose , Silva Joel , Partington Catheryn , Lo Eve J. Y. , Luis Fuentes Virginia , Barron Lara , Watson Penny , Agarwal Anurag 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe presence and intensity of heart murmurs are sensitive indicators of several cardiac diseases in dogs, particularly myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), but accurate interpretation requires substantial clinical expertise.ObjectivesAssess if a machine‐learning algorithm can be trained to accurately detect and grade heart murmurs in dogs and detect cardiac disease in electronic stethoscope recordings.AnimalsDogs (n = 756) with and without cardiac disease attending referral centers in the United Kingdom.MethodsAll dogs received full physical and echocardiographic examinations by a cardiologist to grade any murmurs and identify cardiac disease. A recurrent neural network algorithm, originally trained for heart murmur detection in humans, was fine‐tuned on a subset of the dog data to predict the cardiologist's murmur grade from the audio recordings.ResultsThe algorithm detected murmurs of any grade with a sensitivity of 87.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 83.8%‐92.1%) and a specificity of 81.7% (95% CI, 72.8%‐89.0%). The predicted grade exactly matched the cardiologist's grade in 57.0% of recordings (95% CI, 52.8%‐61.0%). The algorithm's prediction of loud or thrilling murmurs effectively differentiated between stage B1 and B2 preclinical MMVD (area under the curve [AUC], 0.861; 95% CI, 0.791‐0.922), with a sensitivity of 81.4% (95% CI, 68.3%‐93.3%) and a specificity of 73.9% (95% CI, 61.5%‐84.9%).Conclusion and Clinical ImportanceA machine‐learning algorithm trained on humans can be successfully adapted to grade heart murmurs in dogs caused by common cardiac diseases, and assist in differentiating preclinical MMVD. The model is a promising tool to enable accurate, low‐cost screening in primary care.
Developing Second Language Mandarin Fluency Through Pedagogic Intervention and Study Abroad: Planning Time, Speech Rate, and Response Duration
Authors: Wang Jiayi , Halenko Nicola 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis longitudinal study examines the effects of a pre‐study abroad (SA) pedagogic intervention and subsequent SA experience on second language (L2) Mandarin fluency. It explores two temporal aspects of oral fluency—planning time and speech rate—along with one performance measure, duration of response. Additionally, L2 contact data were included as a supplementary variable in the analysis. The experimental group was assessed at three points: before instruction (T1), after 2 weeks of instruction (T2), and post‐SA (T3). A non‐instructed control group that participated in the SA period provided baseline data. Both groups demonstrated improved fluency after the SA period, with the experimental group showing superior performance in planning time, speech rate, and duration of response. The greatest reduction in between‐group differences occurred at T2 and persisted over time. These findings highlight that combining targeted instruction with exposure is highly effective, with L2 contact strongly correlating with overall fluency gains.
Exploring factors affecting adherence to multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy in Cambodia: A qualitative analysis
Authors: Labonté Jocelyne M. , Hoang Mai‐Anh , Panicker Aishwarya , Kroeun Hou , Sokchea Meng , Sambo Sreang , Sokhal Vin , Sauer Cassandra , Chea Mary , Karakochuk Crystal D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFor decades, iron‐folic acid (IFA) supplements have been provided to pregnant women in Cambodia through antenatal care (ANC) services. However, mounting evidence suggests that multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) are superior to IFA supplements in achieving positive pregnancy outcomes. The possibility of transitioning from IFA supplements to MMS in government‐run health centres is currently being assessed in Cambodia. A crucial component of this assessment involves identifying factors that can influence adherence to MMS, as low adherence can reduce supplement effectiveness. Consequently, this study aimed to explore the potential barriers and enablers to MMS adherence and identify the strengths and challenges of current ANC services. Data were collected through nine focus group discussions with pregnant women (n = 19), family members (n = 18) and midwives (n = 18) and three in‐depth interviews with maternal and child health chiefs (n = 3) in Cambodia and analysed via content analysis. Factors found to influence MMS adherence included attitudes, perceptions and beliefs about MMS; knowledge related to supplementation; ANC counselling; family influence; physical health; access to ANC; supply of MMS; and supplementation norms. Noted strengths of ANC services were the quality of ANC materials, tailored patient education, midwife–patient relationships and flexibility of provided services. Primary challenges related to poor availability of ANC materials, inadequate midwife training, heavy workload, limited funding and suboptimal physical spaces for delivering ANC services. To effectively promote MMS adherence, strategies must involve pregnant women, family members and community leaders; seek to address knowledge gaps and misconceptions related to MMS; and enhance the availability and accessibility of ANC services.
Skin Bacterial and Fungal Microbiome Responses to Diet Supplementation and Rewilding in the Critically Endangered Southern Corroboree Frog
Authors: Risely Alice , Byrne Phillip G. , Hunter David A. , Carranco Ana S. , Hoye Bethany J. , Silla Aimee J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe composition and dynamics of the skin bacterial and fungal microbiome is thought to influence host‐pathogen defence. This microbial community is shaped by host captivity, diet, and microbial interactions between bacterial and fungal components. However, there remains little understanding of how specific micronutrients influence bacterial and fungal microbiome composition and their inter‐domain interactions during rewilding of captive‐bred animals. This study experimentally investigated the effect of dietary beta‐carotene supplementation and subsequent field release on bacterial and fungal microbiome composition and dynamics using the Southern Corroboree frog (Pseudophryne corroboree) as a model system. We found large‐scale diversification of bacterial communities post‐release and similar diversification of fungal communities. The rewilded fungal mycobiome was more transient and demonstrated stronger temporal and micro‐spatial fluctuations than the bacterial microbiome. Accounting for temporal and spatial factors, we found strong residual associations between bacterial members, yet limited evidence for inter‐domain associations, suggesting that co‐occurrence patterns between bacterial and fungal communities are largely a result of shared responses to the environment rather than direct interactions. Lastly, we found supplementation of dietary beta‐carotene in captivity had no impact on post‐release microbiome diversity, yet was associated with approximately 15% of common bacterial and fungal genera. Our research demonstrates that environmental factors play a dominant role over dietary beta‐carotene supplementation in shaping microbiome diversity post‐release, and suggest inter‐domain interactions may also only exert a minor influence. Further research on the function and ecology of skin bacterial and fungal microbiomes will be crucial for developing strategies to support survival of endangered amphibian species.
Combination of nusinersen and rehabilitation using hybrid assistive limb for type 3 spinal muscular atrophy
Authors: Tsuda Yo , Ueki Yoshino , Kawaguchi Takatsune , Taniguchi Yoko , Madokoro Yuta , Kobayashi Takafumi , Hattori Ayako , Kashima Shuto , Hibino Hiroaki , Saitoh Shinji , Matsukawa Noriyuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn antisense oligonucleotide drug nusinersen can improve motor function of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patients. The Hybrid Assistive Limb (HAL) is a wearable robot assisting the wearers' movements in real time. Gait rehabilitation using HAL is useful for SMA. However, the efficacy of combined treatment has never been reported before. We have investigated the efficacy of combining both therapies. A 21‐year‐old man, genetically diagnosed with type 3 SMA, was treated by combining nusinersen and five sessions of gait rehabilitation using HAL over 2 years. Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale‐Expanded (HFMSE) score improved by 12 points after treatment. Electrophysiological parameters of the tibial nerves improved. Muscle volume also increased by 8% at 39 months. The combined therapy resulted in a good clinical outcome. This may be due to promotion of nerve regeneration and recovery of muscle volume by a synergy of nusinersen and motor learning correctly guided by HAL.
Phosphorous metabolism and manipulation in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Marando Marco , Tamburello Adriana , Salera Davide , Di Lullo Luca , Bellasi Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChronic kidney disease‐mineral bone disorder (CKD‐MBD) is a syndrome commonly observed in subjects with impaired renal function. Phosphate metabolism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of CKD‐MBD and according to the phosphorocentric hypothesis may be the key player in the pathogenesis of these abnormalities. As phosphorous is an essential component for life, absorption from the bowel, accumulation and release from the bones, and elimination through the kidneys are all homeostatic mechanisms that maintain phosphate balance through very sophisticated feedback mechanisms, which comprise as main actors: vitamin D (VD), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calciproteins particles (CPPs), fibroblast growth factor‐23 (FGF‐23) and other phosphatonins and klotho. Indeed, as the renal function declines, factors such as FGF‐23 and PTH prevent phosphate accumulation and hyperphosphatemia. However, these factors per se may be responsible for the organ damages associated with CKD‐MBD, such as bone osteodystrophy and vascular calcification. We herein review the current understanding of the CKD‐MBD focusing on phosphorous metabolism and the impact of phosphate manipulation on surrogate and hard outcomes.image
A Qualitative Evidence Synthesis of Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion: Acceptability, Implementation, Equity
Authors: Toledo‐Chavarri Ana , Delgado Janet , Padilla María , Rodríguez‐Martín Beatriz 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis work provides a synthesis of the perceptions of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and healthcare professionals about the acceptability, implementation, and equity of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). A qualitative evidence synthesis was carried out. Three online databases (Medline, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched. Qualitative articles which were available in Spanish or English were included. A descriptive thematic synthesis was conducted according to PRISMA and ENTREQ guidelines. Thirty‐two references met the inclusion criteria of the study and were included out of an initial 345 identified references. Seven main themes were identified: (a) acceptability, (b) adaptation to the insulin pump, (c) facilitators for the adequate use of insulin pump, (d) variability of acceptability, (e) barriers for the use of insulin pump, (f) feasibility and implementation considerations, and (g) equity. CSII is well accepted by most people with T1DM, with some exceptions. CSII can relieve management burden, increase autonomy and flexibility and improve family relationships. There were multiple perceived barriers to its continued use. Future studies should continue to analyze inequalities in access and use of the CSII.
Can “LITE” Procedure Combined With a Short Course Antibiotic Treatment Be Effective in Treating the Chronic PJI?—A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Chen Yang , Ding Haiqi , Wang Qijin , Huang Zida , Zhang Chaofan , Li Wenbo , Lin Yansheng , Guo Yufeng , Fang Xinyu , Zhang Wenming 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThe prevailing treatment for chronic periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a two‐stage exchange, yet the optimal duration of antibiotic therapy following this procedure remains a topic of debate. This study aimed to determine whether a short course of postoperative antibiotic therapy can maintain infection control rates following a long interval two‐stage exchange (LITE) for PJI.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study enrolling patients with chronic PJI who underwent the LITE procedure at our institution from April 2018 to November 2021. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either a long course (12 weeks) or short course (2 weeks) of postoperative antibiotics. The pathogens, antibiotics, inflammatory markers, antibiotic‐related complications, cases of reinfection, or re‐operation were recorded. Continuous variables were analyzed using the two‐sample t‐test or Mann–Whitney U test, and categorical variables were analyzed using Fisher's exact tests. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis was used to compare infection control rates.ResultsA total of 60 patients with chronic PJI who completed the LITE procedure were included in the study (30 patients per group). All patients were followed for a minimum of 24 months (mean 39.2 ± 13.0 months). We observed that the infection control rate in the short‐course group was not inferior to that in the long‐course group (96.7% vs. 96.7%, p = 1.000).ConclusionsFor patients with chronic PJI undergoing the LITE procedure, a 2‐week course of postoperative antibiotics suffices to maintain infection control rates.Trial RegistrationChinese Clinical Trial Registry: ChiCTR1900027089