bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
El poder de los equipamientos ante la fragmentación física y social de las ciudades
Authors: Raciny Alemán Luis Carlos 
Published: September 2016

Resumen: La forma desordenada como han crecido nuestras ciudades sumado en algunos casos a una ausencia o precaria planeación urbana ha conllevado a que las diferentes ciudades de Colombia en mayor o menor complejidad presenten una fragmentación tanto social como física del territorio urbano, hecho que por consiguiente afecta el logro de una equidad e inclusión entre sus habitantes así como también entre las diferentes piezas en que se han dividido a la ciudad. Ante semejante panorama crítico los equipamientos urbanos una vez más demuestran su importancia al jugar un papel fundamental en la búsqueda de un orden que ayude a reconstruir y fortalecer las distintas relaciones e interrelaciones que existen y llegasen a surgir dentro de cada uno de los territorios urbanos del país. Este trabajo toma como caso de estudio el área urbana de la margen occidental de la ciudad de Montería en el departamento de Córdoba, y centra su objetivo principal en demostrar la importancia que tiene el espacio colectivo en el logro de ciudades equitativas e incluyentes a nivel físico – espacial. Se evidencia la poca importancia y el mal manejo que se le ha dado a los equipamientos dentro de un proceso de configuración y re-configuración del territorio urbano de Montería.
___Palabras clave: fragmentación urbana, equipamientos, equidad, desarrollo, hábitat, ordenamiento, poder.
___Abstract: The disorderly way our cities have grown, in some cases added to an absence or poor urban planning has led that the different cities of Colombia, in a varying complexity, present both a social and physical fragmentation of the urban territory, a fact that consequently affect the achieving equality and inclusion among its inhabitants as well as between the different pieces that have divided the city. Faced with this critical situation urban facilities once again demonstrate their importance to play a key role in the search of an order to help rebuild and strengthen the different existing relationships and interrelationships and arrived to emerge within each urban territories of the country. This work takes as a study case the urban area of the west bank of the city of Monteria in Cordoba department, and focuses its main objective to demonstrate the importance of collective space in achieving equitable and inclusive cities at a physicallyspace level. The minor and mismanagement that have been given to facilities within a set and reset process of the urban territory of Monteria are evident.
___Keywords: urban fragmentation, equipment, equity, development, habitat, order, power.
___Recibido: 12 de marzo de 2015. Aceptado: 03 de julio de 2015.
Incidence, Severity, and Outcomes of AKI Associated with Dual Renin-Angiotensin System Blockade
Authors: Palevsky Paul M. , Zhang Jane H. , Seliger Stephen L. , Emanuele Nicholas , Fried Linda F. ,   for the VA NEPHRON-D Study
Published: September 2016

Background and objectives
The benefit of dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system is limited by adverse effects. We performed a secondary analysis of the Veterans Affairs Nephropathy in Diabetes (VA NEPHRON-D) Study to describe the effect of increased intensity of renin-angiotensin system blockade on the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of AKI.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
In the VA NEPHRON-D Study, we randomized 1148 veterans receiving outpatient care with type 2 diabetes mellitus, eGFR of between 30 and 89.9 ml/min per 1.73 m2, and urinary albumin excretion of at least 300 μg/mg creatinine (or a urinary total protein of at least 0.5 mg/mg creatinine) to either combination therapy with losartan and lisinopril or monotherapy with losartan. We identified hospitalized AKI events and their outcomes during a median follow-up of 2.2 years through systematic reporting of serious adverse events.

Results
The incidence of AKI was 12.2 (95% confidence interval, 10.5 to 14.0) versus 6.7 (95% confidence interval, 5.6 to 8.2) per 100 patient-years in the combination arm versus monotherapy arms (P<0.001). Individuals with AKI were more likely to develop the primary study end point of death, ESRD, or decline in kidney function (hazard ratio, 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.34 to 2.26; P<0.001). Patients with AKI in the combination arm had greater recovery of kidney function (75.9% versus 66.3%; P=0.04), lower 30-day mortality (4.7% versus 15.0%; P<0.01), and lower hazard for development of the primary study end point (hazard ratio, 0.60; 95% confidence interval, 0.37 to 0.98).

Conclusions
Dual renin-angiotensin system blockade was associated with an increased risk of AKI compared with monotherapy, but AKI in the setting of monotherapy was associated with lower rates of recovery of kidney function, higher mortality, and higher risk of progression of kidney disease.
<b>O DIREITO DO COMÉRCIO INTERNACIONAL: DESCONSTRUINDO O MITO DA LEX MERCATORIA MEDIEVAL</b>
Authors: Costa Cynara de Barros 
Published: September 2016

O Direito, assim como outras áreas do conhecimento, vem recebendo as influências da globalização, que propiciou o surgimento de novos ramos de estudo. E é nesse novo cenário que se insere o Direito do Comércio Internacional, também chamado de Lex Mercatoria. Há quem afirme, no entanto, que esse novo ramo apenas adquiriu novas feições no mundo moderno, pois ele já existiria desde a Idade Média. Na verdade, o mito da Lex Mercatoria medieval parece ter sido afirmado exatamente para dar credibilidade a sua existência – e os novos estudos acerca do tema não se destinam apenas a apontar essa tendência, mas a descortinar essa construção teórica.
<b>UM COEFICIENTE RELIGIOSO NAS TEORIAS DAS RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS? : PARADIGMAS, TEÓRICOS E SOFT POWER</b>
Authors: Soares Pedro Gustavo Cavalcanti 
Published: September 2016

Com a evolução do debate dos paradigmas das relações internacionais, o caráter social da sociedade internacional, a questão da identidade dos Estados, o terrorismo, entre outros fatores, a religião passou a ter destaque, se não, um aspecto primordial nas teorias internacionalistas. Nessa perspectiva, propomos analisar se a religião pode ser inclusa no debate dos paradigmas das relações internacionais. Se sim, nos indagamos, onde se encontra a religião nas teorias dessa disciplina. Em termos específicos, observamos que em alguns paradigmas, como o realismo, a religião esteve presente durante sua evolução, contudo imbricada e sem destaque. Já em outros, como o liberalismo, que reconhece a potencialidade e a importância de atores religiosos no cenário internacional, e também, o poder da religião, como uma forma de soft power.
<b>ENTRAVES À MOBILIZAÇÃO PARA O EXERCÍCIO DA CIDADANIA NA COMUNIDADE DO PINA</b>
Authors: Neves Margarita Maria Lara , Silva Kelly Regina Santos da 
Published: September 2016

A cidade do Recife, a semelhança de outros centros urbanos brasileiros, se caracteriza por ter adotado um modelo de desenvolvimento pautado na lógica do mercado. Muito embora se tenha à disposição um determinado montante de meios e instrumentos de participação e reivindicação social, percebe-se certo asfixiamento decorrente da força do crescimento econômico aliado aos interesses dos grupos hegemônicos e à complacência do Estado. Ainda, observa-se um contexto de fragilidade na coesão social, ou mesmo, uma ausência dela frente aos conflitos provocados pela subordinação desta aos grupos supracitados. O presente artigo se propõe a apresentar algumas reflexões no que concerne ao desafio de coletivizar os conflitos, gerando assim uma mobilização social e, consequentemente, garantindo uma ação cidadã participativa diante dos processos já em curso e que atentam contra os direitos constitucionais e os direitos humanos. Contribui também com aportes teóricos que promovem uma reflexão do que representa a construção de espaços de apropriação cultural, o enobrecimento e a consequente exclusão social, e a força do imaginário urbano materializado nas paisagens construídas de centralização do poder. O nosso objeto de estudo é a comunidade do Pina, que vem recebendo os impactos da construção do empreendimento comercial Shopping RioMar. Aqui dialogaremos sobre o conceito de conflito e a importância do exercício da cidadania para a garantia do Direito à Cidade.
Disciplinary Actions by State Boards of Accountancy 2008–2014: Causes and Outcomes
Authors: Krom Cynthia L. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
This study examined the 775 disciplinary actions taken against individual CPAs by the boards of accountancy in the four states with the largest number of CPAs between 2008 and 2014. It was determined that monetary penalties were imposed in 68 percent of individual CPA disciplinary cases, with a median penalty of less than $5,000. Non-monetary sanctions were imposed in nearly all the cases. The most severe penalty—permanent revocation or surrender of the professional license—was less likely in actions involving attest issues than for most other causes, but was invoked in a large percent of disciplinary actions based on felonies and misdemeanors including “social” crimes such as DUI. Disciplinary actions against CPA firms in the same states during the same time period were analyzed, and it was determined that only 13 of those cases were separable from the actions against individual CPAs, suggesting that firms are not disciplined in lieu of taking action against individuals. Questions are raised about the effectiveness of state board sanctions in punishing and deterring professional misconduct, and the legality and wisdom of licensure sanctions for conduct outside the scope of professional responsibility.
Data Availability: Data herein are available from public sources, and will be shared upon request.
The Structural and Executional Components of Customer Concentration: Implications for Supplier Performance
Authors: Matsumura Ella Mae , Schloetzer Jason D. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We examine how suppliers' structural decisions (strategic choices regarding scale, scope, and complexity) and executional skills (drivers that support the day-to-day operations of the firm) influence its customer base concentration and, in turn, supplier performance. We investigate our research question through an in-depth study of suppliers in the apparel industry. We find that suppliers' structural decisions have an important relation to the level of a supplier's customer concentration. However, we find little evidence that the component of concentration arising from structural decisions is associated with supplier performance (both financial and operational). Instead, the favorable relation between supplier performance and suppliers' customer concentration is primarily driven by the component of concentration arising from suppliers' executional skills. Our evidence indicates that greater customer concentration in and of itself does not relate to the anticipated benefits and risks, which has implications for our understanding of how concentration impacts suppliers.
Data Availability: All data are publicly available from the sources indicated in the text.
Increased expression ratio of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) RNA levels in Iranian multiple sclerosis patients
Authors: Nazdik Marzieh Khoshbin , Taheri Mohammad , Sajjadi Elham , Arsang-Jang Shahram , Koohpar Zeinab Kazaei , Inoko Hidetoshi , Sayad Arezou 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVES: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease involving the central nervous system (CNS) with unknown immunopathogenic mechanisms. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) facilitates T-cell migration into the CNS while the tissue inhibitor matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) inhibits MMP-9 actions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of TIMP-1 RNA and MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in blood cells of Iranian patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) treated with IFNb. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study compared the expression level of TIMP-1 gene in RRMS samples with normal individuals in Iran and the results were compared using a ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1. All patients were HLA-DRB1*15 negative and were responders to interferon-beta with a normal vitamin D level. RESULTS: The RRMS patients manifested a lower expression level of TIMP-1 RNA than their normal counterparts although the result was not significant (P= 0.06). Also, the ratio of MMP-9 to TIMP-1 RNA increased significantly (P= 0.009). There was no linear correlation between TIMP-1 expression level and risk of Expanded Disability Status Scale of Kurtzke(EDSS); nor was there any significant correlation between expression status of TIMP-1 and duration of the disease. Although there was no significant decrease in TIMP-1 expression level, the MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in RRMS was significantly higher than normal subjects. CONCLUSION: Further studies are recommended to compare MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio in patients before and after taking IFN-beta in order to find out if MMP-9/TIMP-1 RNA ratio can function as a proper marker of the bio efficacy of IFN-beta treatment of MS.
Cellular Analysis of Silencing the Huntington’s Disease Gene Using AAV9 Mediated Delivery of Artificial Micro RNA into the Striatum of Q140/Q140 Mice
Authors: Keeler Allison M. , Sapp Ellen , Chase Kathryn , Sottosanti Emily , Danielson Eric , Pfister Edith , Stoica Lorelei , DiFiglia Marian , Aronin Neil , Sena-Esteves Miguel 
Published: September 2016

Background: The genetic mutation in Huntington’s disease (HD) is a CAG repeat expansion in the coding region of the huntingtin (Htt) gene. RNAi strategies have proven effective in substantially down-regulating Htt mRNA in the striatum through delivery of siRNAs or viral vectors based on whole tissue assays, but the extent of htt mRNA lowering in individual neurons is unknown. Objective: Here we characterize the effect of an AAV9-GFP-miRHtt vector on Htt mRNA levels in striatal neurons of Q140/Q140 knock-in mice. Methods: HD mice received bilateral striatal injections of AAV9-GFP-miRHtt or AAV9-GFP at 6 or 12 weeks and striata were evaluated at 6 months of age for levels of Htt mRNA and protein and for mRNA signal within striatal neurons using RNAscope multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization. Results: Compared to controls, the striatum of 6-month old mice treated at 6 or 12 weeks of age with AAV9-GFP-miRHtt showed a reduction of 40–50% in Htt mRNA and lowering of 25–40% in protein levels. The number of Htt mRNA foci in medium spiny neurons (MSNs) of untreated Q140/Q140 mice varied widely per cell (0 to 34 per cell), with ∼10% of MSNs devoid of foci. AAV9-GFP-miRHtt treatment shifted the distribution toward lower numbers and the percentage of cells without foci increased to 14–20%. The average number of Htt mRNA foci per MSN was reduced by 43%. Conclusions: The findings here show that intrastriatal infusion of an AAV9-GFP-miRHtt vector lowers mRNA expression of Htt in striatum by ∼50%, through a partial reduction in the number of copies of mutant Htt mRNAs per cell. These findings demonstrate at the neuronal level the variable levels of Htt mRNA expression in MSNs and the neuronal heterogeneity of RNAi dependent Htt mRNA knockdown.
Pavel Durdik : Cinq années à Sumatra. Récits d’un médecin militaire, 1877-1883 (Extraits)
Authors: Durdik Pavel 
Published: September 2016

Pavel Durdik spent 5 years in Aceh as a military surgeon for the Dutch troups during the war between 1878 and 1883. After returning to his native Bohemia, he wrote an account of his Sumatran experience in Czech, Pet let na Sumatra. Vypraveni vojenského lékare, 1877-1883
(Five years in Sumatra. Accounts of a military surgeon, 1877-1883), published in 1893. The book has never been translated. Here we present long extracts in French. The testimony of this witness to the conquest of Aceh by the Dutch is all the more worthy of interest as it depicts the horrific realities of the clashes Its author was free from prejudice, as he was unacquainted with the dispute. The fact that he was himself a subject of a nation still under foreign (Austrian) hegemony doubtless helped him become an admirer of the Acehnese’s courageous endeavours in their struggle for independence.
Music and Malayness: Orkes Melayu in Indonesia. 1950-1965
Authors: Weintraub Andrew 
Published: September 2016

Musique et malayité : l’orkes Melayu en Indonésie, 1950-1965
Le but de cet article est d’éclairer les idées, les esthétiques et les significations du terme Melayu dans la musique urbaine d’Indonésie, de 1950 à 1965. L’orkes Melayu («orchestre malais » ) est un genre de chants en langue malaise accompagné par un ensemble composé surtout d’instruments occidentaux. Plutôt que de livrer une liste d’éléments définissant l’identité Melayu ou de privilégier une source d’origine Melayu comme base historique pour une catégorie discursive Melayu, les pratiques esthétiques de l’orkes Melayu sont examinées dans trois centres urbains d’Indonésie : Medan, Jakarta et Surabaya. Durant la période concernée, il s’agissait des principaux lieux de composition, de jeu et de circulation de ce genre. Au coeur de ces pratiques réside l’idée que la musique Melayu représente une interaction sonore multiculturelle caractéristique de la musique populaire de l’Indonésie postcoloniale. L’orkes Melayu des années 1950 et 1960 à Medan, Jakarta et Surabaya intègre des éléments malais, occidentaux, latino-américains, indiens et moyen-orientaux dans une catégorie souple et en constante évolution, appelée Melayu. En examinant les musiques Melayu de ces trois villes, cet article illustre différents niveaux et caractéristiques de la malayité dans l’art musical. Les exemples sonores présentés montrent qu’à l’époque, l’orkes
Melayu n’était pas une simple entité, mais plutôt un champ recouvrant un large spectre d’idées, d’esthétiques et de significations de la culture musicale indonésienne.
Indonésie 2009 : SBY II
Authors: Raillon François 
Published: September 2016

Indonésia 2009 : SBY II
This chronicle of the year 2009 in Indonesia focuses on president Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono (SBY) whose reelection to a second term provided him with wide executive powers. Despite Indonesia’s fairly bright economic performance amid the global financial crisis, the country’s general outlook turned darker as SBY’s party was embroiled in a corruption case which damaged his image. He was temporarily preserved by the passing away of one of his predecessors, Abdurrahman Wahid, a widely respected ulama.
Unité et diversité préhistorique entre Java et Sumatra
Authors: Forestier Hubert , Simanjuntak Truman , Détroit Florent , Zeitoun Valéry 
Published: September 2016

Prehistoric Unity and Diversity of Java and Sumatra
The comparison of the archaeological records of Java and Sumatra allows to present a preliminary assessment defining future researches to be implemented in order to address major questions such as the origin of the “ Austronesians”. The geographical fates of both islands are different for modern humans and obviously played an important role, shared or separated, in the history and prehistory of Indonesia. From 20 000 to 5 000 BP, Java is marked by a technical heterogeneity in produced stone tools. In the meantime, Sumatra shows more homogenous technical choices, with a unifacial pebble shaping which still belongs to the Hoabinhian tradition. Recent palaeoanthropological data from Java indicate a large variability in funerary practices as well. Different types of burials, partial cremations and other mortuary practices are documented diachronically and synchronically. Consistent data related to funerary practices are still needed regarding Sumatra.
Le dialogue islamo-chrétien selon Bambang Noorsena (Fondateur de l’Institut de Recherches sur le Christianisme Syriaque)
Authors: Naveau Étienne 
Published: September 2016

The Islamic-Christian Dialogue According to Bambang Noorsena (Founder of the Institute for Syriac Christian Studies)
Indonesian Christians have often been considered by their Muslim compatriots as followers of a Western religion and their situation in the country has worsened since the end of the 20th century. They are not only victims of religious violence but are also threatened by claims to impose Sharia. To break the deadlock in Christian-Muslim dialogue, Bambang Noorsena, a protestant scholar from the East Java province, suggests to refer to the Pancasila political framework created by Sukarno, as well as the Javanese and Semitic cultures, in which some local Churches take root, free from Western influences. In fact, the Institute for Syriac Christian Studies (ISCS) he founded in 1997, aims at linking Indonesian Christianity with its original Oriental and Semitic context, especially by stressing the prestige of the common Arabic language used by both Muslims and Christians communities in the Middle East, in order to smooth the relations between Christians and Muslims in Indonesia.
Les sites de La Tène moyenne à La Tène finale sur les tracés linéaires en Picardie : questions méthodologiques et résultats scientifiques
Authors: Gaudefroy Stéphane 
Published: September 2016

Avec plus de 400 km de tracé traversant la Picardie et principalement la Somme, les projets routiers ont profondément modifié la perception de l’occupation du territoire au second âge du Fer. Les fossés d’enclos de dizaines d’établissements agricoles, parfois contigus, ont été identifiés et fouillés, livrant une somme colossale
d’informations. Un catalogue raisonné des implantations et des formes de l’occupation, des structures rencontrées et des activités attestées, s’attache à brosser un tableau complet, bien loin de fournir une image homogène du peuplement gaulois. L’accent est mis sur certains sites, pour leur valeur d’exemple ou au contraire pour leur aspect exceptionnel.
La néolithisation de la Grande-Bretagne et de l’Irlande : plusieurs processus, plusieurs modèles et des questions à l’attention de nos collègues français
Authors: Sheridan Alison , Pailler Yvan 
Published: September 2016

Dieser Beitrag stellt die aktuelle Diskussion bezüglich der Neolithisierung Großbritanniens und Irlands dar. Es ist eine Rezension der neuen, seit unserer letzten Publikation zu diesem Thema 2009 erschienenen Modelle und Entdeckungen. Ziel ist es, die Aufmerksamkeit unserer Kollegen aus Nord-und Nordwestfrankreich auf
einige Fragen zu lenken.
Le Néolithique moyen II dans le sud-ouest du Bassin de l’Escaut : nouveaux éléments dans le groupe de Spiere
Authors: Bostyn Françoise , Monchablon Cécile , Praud Ivan , Vanmontfort Bart 
Published: September 2016

Depuis une décennie, la documentation concernant le Néolithique moyen II du Nord de la France s’est renouvelée et étoffée notamment grâce à l’archéologie préventive. Ces nouvelles données montrent que
les caractères originaux qui avaient permis de définir le groupe de Spiere sont représentés sur les sites du
Nord de la France tant dans le mobilier céramique que dans l’industrie lithique. Les premières analyses des séries céramiques et lithiques ne manifestent pas une évolution évidente au cours des quatre ou cinq siècles d’existence de ce groupe, suggérant au contraire une relative stabilité sur toute la période. Pourtant, les dates
radiocarbone décrivent deux séquences principales avant et après 4000 avant J.-C., encore difficiles à expliquer,
mais qui pourraient recouper la nature ou la fonction différentes des sites. En tout état de cause, ces nouvelles
données confirment l’impact des deux grandes entités culturelles voisines, le Michelsberg et le Chasséen
septentrional, au sein de la culture matérielle.