bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Three-dimensional femtosecond laser processing for lab-on-a-chip applications
Authors: Sima Felix , Sugioka Koji , Vázquez Rebeca Martínez , Osellame Roberto , Kelemen Lóránd , Ormos Pal 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe extremely high peak intensity associated with ultrashort pulse width of femtosecond laser allows us to induce nonlinear interaction such as multiphoton absorption and tunneling ionization with materials that are transparent to the laser wavelength. More importantly, focusing the femtosecond laser beam inside the transparent materials confines the nonlinear interaction only within the focal volume, enabling three-dimensional (3D) micro- and nanofabrication. This 3D capability offers three different schemes, which involve undeformative, subtractive, and additive processing. The undeformative processing preforms internal refractive index modification to construct optical microcomponents including optical waveguides. Subtractive processing can realize the direct fabrication of 3D microfluidics, micromechanics, microelectronics, and photonic microcomponents in glass. Additive processing represented by two-photon polymerization enables the fabrication of 3D polymer micro- and nanostructures for photonic and microfluidic devices. These different schemes can be integrated to realize more functional microdevices including lab-on-a-chip devices, which are miniaturized laboratories that can perform reaction, detection, analysis, separation, and synthesis of biochemical materials with high efficiency, high speed, high sensitivity, low reagent consumption, and low waste production. This review paper describes the principles and applications of femtosecond laser 3D micro- and nanofabrication for lab-on-a-chip applications. A hybrid technique that promises to enhance functionality of lab-on-a-chip devices is also introduced.
Nominal and Real Stochastic Convergence of the BRICS Economies
Authors: You Pin , Sun Yunpeng , An Lei 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study sheds light on the real and nominal economic convergence and the time-varying convergence speed of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS). This paper also employs panel data models and a Malmquist index to analyze the mechanism of real economic convergence. The study finds evidence of real convergence in monthly growth of output (industrial production) of the BRICS economies, where the speed of convergence increases in the post-crisis period. Economic convergence is also witnessed by physical capital per capita and total factor productivity (TFP). However, lack of monetary convergence is apparent in nominal interest rate spreads, monetary aggregate M2, and the price level. Although the BRICS economies are converging to a fully-fledged economic and trade union, such convergence is not echoed by their monetary aggregates and price levels. Finally, the evidence of technological progress is expected to promote labor productivity and to further accelerate economic convergence.
Herding Behavior of Institutional Investors in Romania. An Empirical Analysis
Authors: Brodocianu Mihaela , Stoica Ovidiu 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
During the last decades, institutional investors have been the main players, both in developed as well as in emerging stock markets. Thus, their investment behavior was analyzed at the national or international level, in order to assess if institutional investors herd, increase stock return volatility, affect market efficiency and liquidity, influence the corporate governance, or destabilize stock prices. This paper studies the behavior of the institutional investors on the Romanian stock market, a European frontier market that struggles to attain the status of emerging market. We examine if the disclosure level generates any herding behavior for institutional investors. In emerging markets, the lack of transparency affects the degree of investments in a listed company, as long as insider trading is pushed to the limit of the legal line. For this study, we used financial information from the companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange for the period 2010-2014. The findings highlight that there is a certain herding behavior among institutional investors in Romania.
Negative Word-of-Mouth: Exploring the Impact of Adverse Messages on Consumers’ Reactions on Facebook
Authors: Chiosa Ana Raluca , Anastasiei Bogdan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Nowadays, with the major role that social media is playing in our life, people have found an easy way to utter negative word-of-mouth (NWOM). A self-administrated questionnaire with a visual stimulus was used to collect data from 108 Romanian Facebook users, between the ages of 18 and 26 years. This research aimed to determine the impact of adverse messages on brand attitude and a series of others consumer reactions.
The results indicate that negative messages may change brand perception and generate negative word-of-mouth, with significant impact on future purchase intentions. They also indicate that identity avoidance is a more relevant electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) antecedent than negative emotions, strongly and positively influencing brand hate. The findings show that negative events or actions can seriously affect consumer behavior, triggering brand rejection that eventually may translate into brand image deterioration and sales decline.
The Qwerty Phenomenon: Its Relevance in a World with Creative Destruction
Authors: Weghake Jens , Grabicki Fabian 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Does quality always win? Looking at the critical drivers of success in and efficiency of high-tech markets, two contrasting perspectives exist in the academic sector. One camp argues that the higher quality of a product or service exerts a major influence on its market success. Consequently, an inferior market player should not persist. The opposite group emphasises the importance of network effects, which can lead to lock-ins in inferior situations or being stuck in a bad equilibria accordingly, also known as the QWERTY phenomenon. In this paper, we investigate this debate. We demonstrate that the missing consideration of the status quo bias in previous studies leads to the rejection of the QWERTY phenomenon, which means that independent of the quality offered by a business or service the pure moment of who reaches the customer first, establishes a status quo from which it is hardly possible to escape. We give several examples with inferior market leaders. We suggest that this phenomenon causes only temporary harm, and lock-ins could be overcome by Schumpeterian creative destruction. Therefore, we claim that even if lock-ins exist, they pose no problems as innovative market participants have the opportunity to introduce new business models.
Cultural Stereotypes – A Revival of Bosche’s View
Authors: Neculăesei Onea Angelica-Nicoleta 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The analysis of cultural stereotypes is important for different areas of knowledge. It is usually considered that psychology is concerned about these issues, but this subject is also of interest for some economic subdomains. One of these sub-domains is intercultural management, which attempts to provide intercultural diagnostic models to highlight cultural specific elements and cultural differences and to provide recommen–dations to valorize them in management. There are even intercultural diagnostic models that are based on the analysis of cultural stereotypes due to their connection with attitudes, values, social norms, therefore of their ability to capture cultural specific aspects. The Bosche approach presented in this article is part of this category. Although the results were not very edifying in terms of cultural specificity, the author noticing the differences between self-stereotypes and hetero-stereotypes, the highlighted conceptual, methodological and epistemological aspects have of special importance allowing their valorization in future intercultural studies.
Exact Solutions of the Nonlocal Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with a Perturbation Term
Authors: Zuo Da-Wei 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Analytical solutions of both the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLSE) and NLSE with a perturbation term have been attained. Besides, analytical solutions of nonlocal NLSE have also been obtained. In this paper, the nonlocal NLSE with a perturbation term is discussed. By virtue of the dependent variable substitution, trilinear forms of this equation is attained. Lax pairs and Darboux transformation of this equation are obtained. Via the Darboux transformation, two kinds solutions of this equation with the different seed solutions are attained.
Cd(II) and Zn(II) thiocyanate coordination compounds with 3-ethylpyridine: synthesis, crystal structures and properties
Authors: Neumann Tristan , Jess Inke , dos Santos Cunha Cesar , Terraschke Huayna , Näther Christian 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Reaction of Cd(NCS)2 and Zn(NCS)2 with 3-ethylpyridine leads to the formation of compounds of compositions M(NCS)2(3-ethylpyridine)4 (M=Cd, 1-Cd; Zn, 1-Zn) and M(NCS)2(3-ethylpyridine)2 (M=Cd, 2-Cd; Zn, 2-Zn). 1-Cd and 1-Zn are isotypic and form discrete complexes in which the metal cations are octahedrally coordinated by two trans-coordinating N-bonded thiocyanate anions and four 3-ethylpyridine co-ligands. In 2-Cd the cations are also octahedrally coordinated but linked into chains by pairs of μ-1,3-bridging anionic ligands. 2-Zn is built up of discrete complexes, in which the Zn cation is tetrahedrally coordinated by two N-bonded thiocyanate anions and two 3-ethylpyridine co-ligands. Compounds 1-Cd, 2-Cd and 2-Zn can be prepared in a pure state, whereas 1-Zn is unstable and transforms on storage into 2-Zn. If 1-Cd and 1-Zn are heated, a transformation into 2-Cd, respectively 2-Zn is observed. Luminescence measurements reveal that 1-Cd, 2-Cd and 2-Zn emit light in the blue spectral range with maxima at, respectively, 21724, 21654 and 22055 cm−1, assigned to ligand-based luminescence.
Thermal Degradation of Complexes Derived from Cu (II) Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and Sesame (Sesamum indicum) Soaps
Authors: Joram Anju , Sharma Rashmi , Sharma Arun kumar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The complexes have been synthesized from Cu (II) soaps of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) and sesame (Sesamum indicum) oils, with ligand containing nitrogen and sulfur atoms like 2-amino-6-methyl benzothiazole. The complexes were greenish brown in color. In order to study TGA, first characterized them by elemental analysis, and spectroscopic technique such as IR, NMR and ESR. From the analytical data, the stoichiometry’s of the complexes have been observed to be 1:1 (metal:ligand). These complexes have been thermally analyzed using TGA techniques to determine their energy of activation. These complexes show three step thermal degradation corresponding to fatty acid components of the edible oils and each complex has three decomposition steps in the range of 439–738 K. Various equations like Coats–Redfern (CR), Horowitz–Metzger (HM) and Broido equations (BE) were applied to evaluate the energy of activation. The values of energy of activation are observed to be in the following order for both copper groundnut benzothiazole (CGB) and copper sesame benzothiazole (CSeB) complexes: CGB > CSeB.
CGB is observed to be more stable than CSeB due to its higher activation energy. The above studies would provide significant information regarding the applications of synthesized agrochemicals and their safe removal through parameters obtained in degradation curves and its relation with energy.
Effect of Heat Stress on Measures of Running Performance and Heart Rate Responses During a Competitive Season in Male Soccer Players
Authors: Coker Nicholas A. , Wells Adam J. , Gepner Yftach 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Coker, NA, Wells, AJ, and Gepner, Y. The effect of heat stress on measures of running performance and heart rate responses during a competitive season in male soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1141–1149, 2020—Measures of running performance and heart rate (HR) responses to match play during 3 different heat stress (HS) conditions were assessed in 7 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I male soccer players. Total distance and distance covered within distinct velocity zones (walking [WALK], jogging [JOG], low-speed running, high-speed running, sprinting [SPRINT], low-intensity running [LIR], and high-intensity running [HIR]) were assessed using global positioning system units for more than 12 matches. Heat stress was monitored during each match, and matches were defined as low (HSlow, n = 4), moderate (HSmod, n = 4), or high (HShigh, n = 4) HS. Minutes played were significantly different across HS conditions (p = 0.03). Therefore, distance covered within each movement velocity was assessed relative to minutes played and as a percentage of total playing time. WALKrel was significantly greater during HShigh compared with HSlow (p = 0.035). LIRrel was significantly greater during HSmod (p = 0.015) compared with HSlow. A trend was observed for %WALK being higher during HShigh compared with HSlow (p = 0.066). %LIR was significantly greater during HShigh compared with HSlow (p = 0.048). High-intensity running was not significantly different across HS conditions. Percent of time spent >85% HRmax was significantly greater during HShigh (p = 0.002) and HSmod (p < 0.001) compared to HSlow. Percent of time spent between 65–84% HRmax was significantly greater during HSlow compared to HShigh (p < 0.001). Results indicate that HS resulted in increased LIR and %HR≥85, while HIR was maintained. High-intensity running performance may be conserved through decreased playing time or the adoption of pacing strategies. This may assist coaches in altering player management strategies to optimize team performance.
Tapering Practices of Strongman Athletes
Authors: Winwood Paul W. , Dudson Mike K. , Wilson Daniel , Mclaren-Harrison Justice K.H. , Redjkins Vladislav , Pritchard Hayden J. , Keogh Justin W.L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Winwood, PW, Dudson, MK, Wilson, D, Mclaren-Harrison, JKH, Redjkins, V, Pritchard, HJ, and Keogh, JWL. Tapering practices of strongman athletes. J Strength Cond Res 32(5): 1181–1196, 2018—This study provides the first empirical evidence of how strongman athletes taper for strongman competitions. Strongman athletes (n = 454) (mean ± SD: 33.2 ± 8.0 years, 178.1 ± 10.6 cm, 108.6 ± 27.9 kg, 12.6 ± 8.9 years general resistance training, 5.3 ± 5.0 years strongman implement training) completed a self-reported 4-page internet survey on tapering practices. Analysis by sex (male and female), age (≤30 and >30 years), body mass (≤105 and >105 kg), and competitive standard (local/regional amateur, national amateur and professional) was conducted. Eighty-seven percent (n = 396) of strongman athletes reported that they used a taper. Athletes stated that their typical taper length was 8.6 ± 5.0 days, with the step taper the most commonly performed taper (52%). Training volume decreased during the taper by 45.5 ± 12.9%, and all training ceased 3.9 ± 1.8 days out from competition. Typically, athletes reported that training frequency and training duration stayed the same or decreased and training intensity decreased to around 50% in the last week. Athletes generally stated that tapering was performed to achieve recovery, rest, and peak performance; the deadlift, yoke walk, and stone lifts/work took longer to recover from than other lifts; assistance exercises were reduced or removed in the taper; massage, foam rolling, nutritional changes, and static stretching were strategies used in the taper; and, poor tapering occurred when athletes trained too heavy/hard or had too short a taper. These data will assist strongman athletes and coaches in the optimization of tapering variables leading to more peak performances. Future research could investigate the priming and preactivation strategies strongman athletes use on competition day.
Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation: Considerations for Cognitive Performance in Athletes
Authors: Machek Steven B. , Bagley James R. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
CREATINE MONOHYDRATE SUPPLEMENTATION CAN INCREASE TOTAL CREATINE AND PHOSPHOCREATINE STORES FOR RESYNTHESIS OF ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE. ALTHOUGH MOST EXISTING LITERATURE HAS INVESTIGATED CREATINE TO IMPROVE STRENGTH AND BODY COMPOSITION, IT HAS ALSO BEEN SHOWN TO PROMOTE BRAIN ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS AND IMPROVE COGNITIVE PARAMETERS. THIS MAY BE ANOTHER MECHANISM FOR PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT BECAUSE EXERCISE IS BOTH PHYSICALLY AND MENTALLY DEPLETING. THIS ARTICLE AIMS TO (A) REINFORCE THE EFFICACY OF CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION IN ATHLETES, (B) SHOWCASE CREATINE'S ROLE AS A COGNITIVE ENHANCER, AND (C) ESTABLISH THE NEED FOR FUTURE INTERVENTIONS IN CREATINE'S EFFECT AS A COMPREHENSIVE ERGOGENIC AID (COMBINING PHYSICAL AND COGNITIVE BENEFITS).
Inhalation Frequency Controls Reformatting of Mitral/Tufted Cell Odor Representations in the Olfactory Bulb
Authors: Díaz-Quesada Marta , Youngstrom Isaac A. , Tsuno Yusuke , Hansen Kyle R. , Economo Michael N. , Wachowiak Matt 
Published: January 2018

In mammals, olfactory sensation depends on inhalation, which controls activation of sensory neurons and temporal patterning of central activity. Odor representations by mitral and tufted (MT) cells, the main output from the olfactory bulb (OB), reflect sensory input as well as excitation and inhibition from OB circuits, which may change as sniff frequency increases. To test the impact of sampling frequency on MT cell odor responses, we obtained whole-cell recordings from MT cells in anesthetized male and female mice while varying inhalation frequency via tracheotomy, allowing comparison of inhalation-linked responses across cells. We characterized frequency effects on MT cell responses during inhalation of air and odorants using inhalation pulses and also “playback” of sniffing recorded from awake mice. Inhalation-linked changes in membrane potential were well predicted across frequency from linear convolution of 1 Hz responses; and, as frequency increased, near-identical temporal responses could emerge from depolarizing, hyperpolarizing, or multiphasic MT responses. However, net excitation was not well predicted from 1 Hz responses and varied substantially across MT cells, with some cells increasing and others decreasing in spike rate. As a result, sustained odorant sampling at higher frequencies led to increasing decorrelation of the MT cell population response pattern over time. Bulk activation of sensory inputs by optogenetic stimulation affected MT cells more uniformly across frequency, suggesting that frequency-dependent decorrelation emerges from odor-specific patterns of activity in the OB network. These results suggest that sampling behavior alone can reformat early sensory representations, possibly to optimize sensory perception during repeated sampling.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOlfactory sensation in mammals depends on inhalation, which increases in frequency during active sampling of olfactory stimuli. We asked how inhalation frequency can shape the neural coding of odor information by recording from projection neurons of the olfactory bulb while artificially varying odor sampling frequency in the anesthetized mouse. We found that sampling an odor at higher frequencies led to diverse changes in net responsiveness, as measured by action potential output, that were not predicted from low-frequency responses. These changes led to a reorganization of the pattern of neural activity evoked by a given odorant that occurred preferentially during sustained, high-frequency inhalation. These results point to a novel mechanism for modulating early sensory representations solely as a function of sampling behavior.
Church music inculturation by way of an experiment of arrangement of Dolo-Dolo mass ordinarium accompaniment- composed by Mateus Weruin for woodwind quintet
Authors: Ruswanto Yohanes , Adimurti Juanita Theresia 
Published: January 2018

<p class="IsiAbstrakIndo"><span lang="EN-GB">Inculturation of Church music in an experiment of creating this arrangement aims to bring a different form of musical ordinarium accompaniment form of <em>Dolo-Dolo</em> Mass from Flores, with a different media that uses the woodwind quintet (flute, oboe, clarinet, French horn, and Basson). The experiment took one of the ordinary songs from <em>Madah Bakti</em> “<em>Tuhan Kasihanilah Kami</em>”. The harmonization fine-tunes to the chorus arrangement composed by Mateus Weruin. The literature study was conducted through collecting references on the art of <em>Dolo-Dolo</em> and woodwind quintet so it can be used to create an idea for </span><span lang="EN-GB">this arrangement. The result shows that a rhythmic character that characterizes the traditional Flores music lies in a dotted sixteenth pattern. The richness of sounds and agile characters coming from each instrument creates a percussive atmosphere of Flores folk music. The result of the arrangement experiment can be used to enrich the reference of accompaniment music to the general public and specifically, the Catholic Church. </span></p>
Manifestaciones de masculinidad en el baile tradicional guanacasteco: estudio de caso Taller de Danza Folclórica Nahualt
Authors: Espinoza Jiménez Yorleny 
Published: January 2018

Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar las manifestaciones subjetivas de la masculinidad desde los gestos, instrumentos y formas de cortejo puestos en práctica en tres espectáculos del Taller de Danza Folclórica Nahualt; La chola y el sabanero, El dulce hacer y Chalanadas. Además, busca demostrar que el espacio del baile tradicional en Guanacaste es un momento de construcción cultural y de generación de conocimiento el cual debe estar siempre abierto y sujeto a una transformación oportuna.
A retrospective study on patients with appendicular mass after successful conservative treatment and to assess the need for interval appendicectomy
Authors: N. Sasikumar M. , Mammen Sam Christy , Das Shankar 
Published: January 2018

Background: Appendicular mass is one sequelae in unoperated cases of acute appendicitis which are managed conservatively followed by interval appendicectomy (IA). Currently the need for IA has been questioned due to low risk of recurrence.Methods: Data of all AM patients from 2005 to 2010 were collected and revised the following parameters: age, sex, length of hospital stay, symptoms and signs, total leucocyte count and USG. Those who developed similar pain and those who underwent emergency appendicectomy were considered as recurrence. Patients were grouped as: 1-patients who developed RIF pain,2-asymptomatic patients,3-patients who developed recurrent a/c appendicitis,4-patients who did not developed recurrent a/c appendicitis.Results: Of the 93 patients, 12 patients underwent IA. Average duration between mass resolution and recurrence is 4.16 months. 14.8% patients had recurrent similar abdominal pain, and only 7.4% patients had recurrent acute appendicitis. Length of hospital stay had a statistically significant correlation with recurrence. The mean TC in the group with recurrent acute appendicitis was 12,500 and asymptomatic group who had a mean TC of 10678.28 which was statistically significant.Conclusions: Conservative treatment is successful for majority of appendicular masses. A routine IA seems unnecessary. Asymptomatic patients can be followed up without IA. Most of the recurrences occur within the first 3 to 6 months. Length of hospital stay and total leucocyte count influenced the recurrence. IA may be considered in those who are prone for recurrence.