bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of positive end-expiratory pressure and 30% inspired oxygen on pulmonary mechanics and atelectasis in cats undergoing non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage
Authors: Bernhard Christa , Masseau Isabelle , Dodam John , Outi Hilton , Krumme Stacy , Bishop Kaitlin , Graham Amber , Reinero Carol 
Published: June 2016

Objectives The objective of this study was to determine if modification of inspired oxygen concentration or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) would alter bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)-induced changes in pulmonary mechanics or atelectasis, as measured using ventilator-acquired pulmonary mechanics and thoracic CT. Methods Six experimentally asthmatic cats underwent anesthesia and non-bronchoscopic BAL, each under four randomized treatment conditions: 100% oxygen, zero PEEP; 30% oxygen, zero PEEP; 100% oxygen, PEEP 2 cmH2O; and 30% oxygen, PEEP 2 cmH2O. Pulse oximetry was used to estimate oxygen saturation (SpO2). Ventilator-acquired pulmonary mechanics and thoracic CT scans were collected prior to BAL and at 1, 5 and 15 mins post-BAL. Results While receiving 100% oxygen, no cat had SpO2 <91%. Some cats receiving 30% oxygen had decreased saturation immediately post-BAL (mean ± SD 70.8 ± 31%), but 6/8 of these had SpO2 >90% by 1 min later. There was a significant increase in airway resistance and a decrease in lung compliance following BAL, but there was no significant difference between treatment groups. Cats receiving no PEEP and 30% oxygen conserved better aeration of the lung parenchyma in BAL-sampled areas than those receiving no PEEP and 100% oxygen. Conclusions and relevance Alterations in pulmonary mechanics or atelectasis may not be reflected by SpO2 following BAL. The use of 30% inspired oxygen concentration failed to show any significant improvement in pulmonary mechanics but did diminish atelectasis. In some cats, it was also associated with desaturation of hemoglobin. The use of PEEP in this study did not show any effect on our outcome parameters. Further studies using higher PEEP (5–10 cmH2O) and intermediate inspired oxygen concentration (40–60%) are warranted to determine if they would confer clinical benefit in cats undergoing diagnostic BAL.
ICT-supported social work interventions with youth: A critical review
Authors: Chan Chitat 
Published: June 2016

Summary In youth social work, the trend of using various forms of information and communication technology (ICT) is increasing. However, evidence showing in what ways ICT has enhanced intervention effectiveness is loosely organized. This study conducted a systematic review of ICT-supported social work interventions with youth, targeting peer-reviewed articles in 64 social work journals published between 2000 and 2014. The included studies ( N = 13) were analysed with particular reference to their level of evidence, internal validity and approach to evaluating the role of ICT. Findings All the included studies presented positive outcomes: 54% of them provided level-I evidence (RCTs), 15% provided level-II evidence (case–control trials without randomization) and 31% provided level-III evidence (case reports). All of them were of ‘good’ or ‘fair’ quality in terms of their internal validity. However, there were only three studies which could provide direct evidence indicating that interventions using ICT were more effective than interventions without using ICT. Most of the remainder provided indirect evidence suggesting that the use of ICT might be associated with positive intervention outcomes. Applications These studies provide useful insights that help advance social work knowledge. Yet there is room for improvement in the conceptualization of ICT, and in research designs for evaluating the role of ICT.
Admission and completion of social work programs: Who drops out and who finishes?
Authors: Levinger Miriam , Segev Einav 
Published: June 2016

Summary This study explored differences between 389 Israeli students in a Social Work department who finished their studies and 120 students who began, but did not complete their degree. Three groups of variables were compared: demographic variables (gender and age), test scores (on the matriculation and psychometric exams), and assessment of participation in a group interview prior to acceptance. Findings Except for gender, there were no significant differences between the students who finished their studies and those who dropped out. Among the students who completed their degree, only women, who received a higher score on the psychometric test, finished their studies with a higher grade point average. Only the men, who had a higher score on their matriculation exams, ended with a higher grade point average. The results also showed that, for the men, there was a significant positive correlation between the assessment of their performance on the interview and the final grade point average. Furthermore, there were significant correlations between the way the candidates were categorized by the interviewers and the overall assessment they received on this criterion. Applications The results of this study add support to previous research that showed that gender and the scores on the matriculation and psychometric exams are connected to success in social work programs. In addition, it was found that the pre-acceptance group interview can differentiate between those candidates who will complete their studies and those who will not. These findings can hopefully help social work departments improve the procedures they use in their admissions’ mechanisms.
Re-engaging with community work as a method of practice in social work: A view from Northern Ireland
Authors: Das Chaitali , O’Neill Martin , Pinkerton John 
Published: June 2016

Summary This article investigates community work as a method in social work in Northern Ireland. It traces the processes that have led to the marginalisation of community work within social work practices and the complex relationship between community development and social work. Nonetheless, the welfare state is undergoing change, wherein new agendas of personalisation, service user involvement, community engagement and partnership are emerging, which are changing the occupational space of social work. We argue that this change can be an opportunity through which social work can and must re-engage with community development, particularly within the existing political arrangements and sectarian context of Northern Ireland. However, social work’s engagement in the community presents risks given its current relationship with the state and loss of trust within the Northern Irish community. We discuss these risks and further possibilities. Findings The article draws from contemporary literature on the current context of community development and service provision in Northern Ireland social work’s involvement. The possibilities for community social work are explored through recent policy initiatives and the current situation of the community sector. Risks that stem from social work’s relationship with the state, and with community organisations as well as the contradiction between discourses of partnership in service delivery and the ground reality are considered. Applications Our analysis suggests the need for (a) collective action by social workers through collective representation, (b) a new conceptualisation of professionalism that incorporates partnerships with other workers in the care sector and (c) education that has contemporary resonance.
Myeloid cell-specific inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I knockout mice impair bacteria clearance in a murine peritonitis model
Authors: Morioka Shin , Nigorikawa Kiyomi , Sasaki Junko , Hazeki Kaoru , Kasuu Yoshihiro , Sasaki Takehiko , Hazeki Osamu 
Published: June 2016

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling has been implicated in the anti-inflammatory response in a mouse model of endotoxemia and sepsis. The present study focused on the role of inositol polyphosphate-4-phosphatase type I (Inpp4a), which dephosphorylates PtdIns(3,4)P2 to PtdIns(3)P, in bacterial infections. We prepared myeloid cell-specific Inpp4a-conditional knockout mice. Macrophages from these mice showed increased Akt phosphorylation and reduced production of inflammatory cytokines in response to LPS or Escherichia coli in vitro. The Inpp4a knockout mice survived for a shorter time than wild type mice after i.p. infection with E. coli, with less production of inflammatory cytokines. Additionally, E. coli clearance from blood and lung was significantly impaired in the knockout mice. A likely mechanism is that the Inpp4a-catalyzed dephosphorylation of PtdIns(3,4)P2 down-regulates Akt pathways, which, in turn, increases the production of inflammatory mediators. This mechanism at least fits the decreased E. coli clearance and short survival in the Inpp4a knockout mice.
The treatment of multidirectional instability of the shoulder with a rehabilitation program: Part 1
Authors: Watson Lyn , Warby Sarah , Balster Simon , Lenssen Ross , Pizzari Tania 
Published: June 2016

Background The most commonly recommended initial treatment for multidirectional instability is a rehabilitation program. Although there is evidence to support the effect of conservative management on this condition, the published literature provides little information on the exercise parameters of such programs. In addition, current published rehabilitation programs for multidirectional instability do not focus on scapula stability or exercise drills into functional and sports-specific positions, which are often important aspects to consider in this patient population. Methods The aim of this paper (Part 1) is to outline the first two stages of a six-stage rehabilitation program for the conservative management of multidirectional instability with a focus on scapula control and exercise drills into functional positions. Results and Conclusions This clinical protocol is currently being tested for efficacy as part of a randomized controlled trial (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry #ACTRN12613001240730). The information in this paper and additional online supplementary files will provide therapists with adequate detail to replicate the rehabilitation program in the clinical setting.
The treatment of multidirectional instability of the shoulder with a rehabilitation programme: Part 2
Authors: Watson Lyn , Warby Sarah , Balster Simon , Lenssen Ross , Pizzari Tania 
Published: June 2016

Background The most commonly recommended initial treatment for multidirectional instability is a rehabilitation program. Although there is evidence to support the effect of conservative management on this condition, the published literature provides little information on the exercise parameters of such programs. Methods This paper is the second part of a two-part series that outlines a six-stage rehabilitation program for multidirectional instability with a focus on scapula control and exercise drills into functional positions. This paper outlines stages 3 to 6 of this rehabilitation program. Results and Conclusions This clinical protocol is currently being tested for efficacy as part of a randomized controlled trial (Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry #ACTRN12613001240730). The information in this paper and additional online supplementary files will provide therapists with adequate detail to replicate the rehabilitation program in the clinical setting.
Is a Picture Worth a Thousand Words? Few Evidence-Based Features of Dietary Interventions Included in Photo Diet Tracking Mobile Apps for Weight Loss
Authors: Hales Sarah , Dunn Caroline , Wilcox Sara , Turner-McGrievy Gabrielle M. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Apps using digital photos to track dietary intake and provide feedback are common, but currently there has been no research examining what evidence-based strategies are included in these apps. Methods: A content analysis of mobile apps for photo diet tracking was conducted, including whether effective techniques for interventions promoting behavior change, including self-regulation, for healthy eating (HE) are targeted. An initial search of app stores yielded 34 apps (n = 8 Android and Apple; n = 11 Android; n = 15 Apple). One app was removed (unable to download), and other apps (n = 4) were unable to be rated (no longer available). Remaining apps (n = 29) were downloaded, reviewed, and coded by 2 independent reviewers to determine the number of known effective self-regulation and other behavior change techniques included. The raters met to compare their coding of the apps, calculate interrater agreement, resolve any discrepancies, and come to a consensus. Results: Six apps (21%) did not utilize any of the behavior change techniques examined. Three apps (10%) provided feedback to users via crowdsourcing or collective feedback from other users and professionals, 7 apps (24%) used crowdsourcing or collective feedback, 1 app (3%) used professionals, and 18 apps (62%) did not provide any dietary feedback to users. Conclusion: Few photo diet-tracking apps include evidence-based strategies to improve dietary intake. Use of photos to self-monitor dietary intake and receive feedback has the potential to reduce user burden for self-monitoring, yet photo diet tracking apps need to incorporate known effective behavior strategies for HE, including self-regulation.
Prognostic impact of cytogenetic aberrations in AL amyloidosis patients after high-dose melphalan: a long-term follow-up study
Authors: Bochtler Tilmann , Hegenbart Ute , Kunz Christina , Benner Axel , Kimmich Christoph , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Goldschmidt Hartmut , Granzow Martin , Dreger Peter , Ho Anthony D. , Jauch Anna , Schönland Stefan O. 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
Translocation t(11;14) confers a favorable prognosis in AL amyloidosis patients treated with HDM.
Limiting prothrombin activation to meizothrombin is compatible with survival but significantly alters hemostasis in mice
Authors: Shaw Maureen A. , Kombrinck Keith W. , McElhinney Kathryn E. , Sweet David R. , Flick Matthew J. , Palumbo Joseph S. , Cheng Mei , Esmon Naomi L. , Esmon Charles T. , Brill Alexander , Wagner Denisa D. , Degen Jay L. , Mullins Eric S. 
Published: June 2016

Key PointsMice expressing a form of prothrombin with limited activation potential to meizothrombin are viable and are reproductively successful. Meizothrombin directly activates platelets but has diminished positive regulation of hemostatic factor activation.
SUSHI: an exquisite recipe for fully documented, reproducible and reusable NGS data analysis
Authors: Hatakeyama Masaomi , Opitz Lennart , Russo Giancarlo , Qi Weihong , Schlapbach Ralph , Rehrauer Hubert 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Next generation sequencing (NGS) produces massive datasets consisting of billions of reads and up to thousands of samples. Subsequent bioinformatic analysis is typically done with the help of open source tools, where each application performs a single step towards the final result. This situation leaves the bioinformaticians with the tasks to combine the tools, manage the data files and meta-information, document the analysis, and ensure reproducibility.

Results
We present SUSHI, an agile data analysis framework that relieves bioinformaticians from the administrative challenges of their data analysis. SUSHI lets users build reproducible data analysis workflows from individual applications and manages the input data, the parameters, meta-information with user-driven semantics, and the job scripts. As distinguishing features, SUSHI provides an expert command line interface as well as a convenient web interface to run bioinformatics tools. SUSHI datasets are self-contained and self-documented on the file system. This makes them fully reproducible and ready to be shared. With the associated meta-information being formatted as plain text tables, the datasets can be readily further analyzed and interpreted outside SUSHI.

Conclusion
SUSHI provides an exquisite recipe for analysing NGS data. By following the SUSHI recipe, SUSHI makes data analysis straightforward and takes care of documentation and administration tasks. Thus, the user can fully dedicate his time to the analysis itself. SUSHI is suitable for use by bioinformaticians as well as life science researchers. It is targeted for, but by no means constrained to, NGS data analysis. Our SUSHI instance is in productive use and has served as data analysis interface for more than 1000 data analysis projects. SUSHI source code as well as a demo server are freely available.
Adhesive organ regeneration in Macrostomum lignano
Authors: Lengerer Birgit , Hennebert Elise , Flammang Patrick , Salvenmoser Willi , Ladurner Peter 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Flatworms possess pluripotent stem cells that can give rise to all cell types, which allows them to restore lost body parts after injury or amputation. This makes flatworms excellent model systems for studying regeneration. In this study, we present the adhesive organs of a marine flatworm as a simple model system for organ regeneration. Macrostomum lignano has approximately 130 adhesive organs at the ventral side of its tail plate. One adhesive organ consists of three interacting cells: one adhesive gland cell, one releasing gland cell, and one modified epidermal cell, called an anchor cell. However, no specific markers for these cell types were available to study the regeneration of adhesive organs.

Results
We tested 15 commercially available lectins for their ability to label adhesive organs and found one lectin (peanut agglutinin) to be specific to adhesive gland cells. We visualized the morphology of regenerating adhesive organs using lectin- and antibody staining as well as transmission electron microscopy. Our findings indicate that the two gland cells differentiate earlier than the connected anchor cells. Using EdU/lectin staining of partially amputated adhesive organs, we showed that their regeneration can proceed in two ways. First, adhesive gland cell bodies are able to survive partial amputation and reconnect with newly formed anchor cells. Second, adhesive gland cell bodies are cleared away, and the entire adhesive organ is build anew.

Conclusion
Our results provide the first insights into adhesive organ regeneration and describe ten new markers for differentiated cells and tissues in M. lignano. The position of adhesive organ cells within the blastema and their chronological differentiation have been shown for the first time. M. lignano can regenerate adhesive organs de novo but also replace individual anchor cells in an injured organ. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of organogenesis in flatworms and enable further molecular investigations of cell-fate decisions during regeneration.
Analysis on the effect of ZnO on Carbon nanotube by spray pyrolysis method
Authors: Ayeshamariam A. , Saravanakkumar D. , Kashif M. , Sivaranjani S. , Ravikumar B. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
ZnO/CNT nanocomposites were prepared using Zinc acetate source materials and with the assistance of copper plate, glycine and sugar solution. The combined behavior between these two materials may give rise to the production of advanced materials with a wide range of applications in electronics and optoelectronics.

Methods
The ZnO-CNT nanostructures are successfully prepared by simple perfume spray pyrolysis method on copper substrate. The possible growth mechanism of ZnO-CNT nanocrystals formation by this method has been tried to explore the sensor and optical properties has been demonstrated.

Results
The as-synthesized ZnO-CNT nanostructures were characterized using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern measured with Cu Kα radiation. Studies of the morphologies of the ZnO-coated CNTs revealed no significant change in the internal structures single walled graphite sheets and the diameters of the CNTs, but the ZnO appeared to form a layer of thinfilm single crystalline particles attaching to the surface of the nanotubes. The photoluminescence (PL) measurements excited by the 380 nm were done at room temperature. CNTs are easy to be entangled and agglomerate due to their long length and low diffusive mobility in base fluids.

Conclusion
The lower mobility was found to occur for the ZnO/CNT composite where a linear sensitivity behavior was measured and it reaches high at the temperature of 200 °C. The samples luminescence is dominated by well-structured ultraviolet band emission and almost no deep level emission was observed, revealing a high optical quality of the produced structures.
Weight Loss and Lowering Androgens Predict Improvements in Health-Related Quality of Life in Women With PCOS
Authors: Dokras Anuja , Sarwer David B. , Allison Kelly C. , Milman Lauren , Kris-Etherton Penny M. , Kunselman Allen R. , Stetter Christy M. , Williams Nancy I. , Gnatuk Carol L. , Estes Stephanie J. , Fleming Jennifer , Coutifaris Christos , Legro Richard S. 
Published: June 2016

Context:
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and increased prevalence of depressive and anxiety disorders. The impact of PCOS-specific treatments on these co-morbidities is unclear.

Objective:
To assess the impact of weight loss and decreasing hyperandrogenism on HRQOL and mood and anxiety disorders in women with PCOS.

Design/Setting/Participants:
A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (OWL-PCOS) of preconception treatment conducted at two academic centers in women (age, 18–40 years; body mass index, 27–42 kg/m2) with PCOS defined by Rotterdam criteria.

Intervention:
Continuous oral contraceptive pill (OCP) or intensive lifestyle intervention or the combination (Combined) for 16 weeks.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Changes in HRQOL assessed by PCOSQ and SF-36 and prevalence of depression and anxiety disorder assessed by PRIME-MD PHQ.

Results:
The lowest scores were noted on the general health domain of the SF-36 and the weight and infertility domains on the PCOSQ. All three interventions resulted in significant improvement in the general health score on the SF-36. Both the OCP and Combined groups showed improvements in all domains of the PCOSQ (P &lt; .01) compared to baseline scores. The Combined group had significant improvements in the weight, body hair, and infertility domains compared to a single treatment group (P &lt; .05). In a linear regression model, change in weight correlated with improvements in the weight domain (P &lt; .001) and physical well-being (P &lt; .02), change in T correlated with improvements in the hair domain (P &lt; .001), and change in both weight and T correlated with the infertility (P &lt; .001) and menstrual domains (P &lt; .05).

Conclusions:
Both weight loss and OCP use result in significant improvements in several physical and mental domains related to quality of life, depressive symptoms, and anxiety disorders, and combined therapies offer further benefits in overweight/obese women with PCOS.