bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Central pancreatectomy of the remnant pancreas without reconstruction after pancreatoduodenectomy
Authors: Hirono Kinji , Takagi Kosei , Yamada Motohiko , Kimura Jiro , Fuji Tomokazu , Yasui Kazuya , Nishiyama Takeyoshi , Nagai Yasuo , Kanehira Noriyuki , Fujiwara Toshiyoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
There are several reports on the safety and feasibility of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) without reconstruction of the small remnant pancreas. However, a few studies have explored central pancreatectomy (CP) for non-reconstructed small remnant pancreases after PD. This study presents a case of CP without pancreatic reconstruction after PD.

Case presentation
A 58-year-old man with cerebral palsy underwent PD for distal cholangiocarcinoma. Three years postoperatively, a 12-mm tumor was detected in the remnant pancreatic body and diagnosed as a pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm. Surgical resection was performed, because the tumor was enlarged and chemotherapy resistant. The afferent loop with pancreatojejunostomy anastomosis was dissected, and CP, including pancreatojejunostomy anastomosis, was performed. Given the remnant pancreas was hard and atrophic, the pancreatic tail was transected using a stapler without reconstructing the small remnant pancreas. The patient experienced no postoperative complications including postoperative pancreatic fistula, and the endocrine function of the pancreas was preserved.

Conclusions
We present a case of remnant pancreatic CP that did not require reconstruction after PD. Preservation of the small remnant pancreas without reconstruction during CP may be feasible to maintain endocrine function in select patients after PD.
Studies on the influence of water quality on community assemblage of immature mosquitoes in different ecosystems along the Vaigai river, Tamil Nadu, South India
Authors: Nalluchamy Kamala Dhasan , Soorangkattan Saravanan , Rajasekaran Mohan Raj , Pitchai Manikandan , Muthuramalingam Jothi Basu , Sivagnanam Chandrasekaran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Over the last few decades, river ecosystem is highly modified through various anthropogenic activities which are resulted to alter ecosystem functions and services. This modified ecosystem rendering conducive environment to mosquitoes through various ecological links for the self-sustaining populations. However, deciphering the community assemblage of immature mosquitoes with reference to water quality at modified ecosystem is very essential to make suitable control measure to curtail mosquito populations. In order to understand how the water quality influences the larval density, habitat specificity and community assemblage of immature mosquito populations, a study was conducted at different ecosystems (urban, semi-urban and rural) along the Vaigai river. The physicochemical parameters such as pH, TDS, salinity, conductivity, turbidity, DO, were analyzed at each study site.

Results
Our results clearly revealed that Anopheline species were highly preferred to breed less polluted habitat than Culicine species. Community assemblage by Anopheline and Culicine mosquitoes were found to be higher at all the studies whilst community assemblage by Anopheline were maximum at rural and semi-urban sites. Among the Anopheline species, Anopheles subpictus able to breed at high polluted habitat, particularly higher turbid level (28.49 ± 2.18 NTU) than other Anopheles species. Cx. gelidus mostly breed at sewage disposal habitats with high salinity level (1.01 ± 0.08) whilst Cx. bitaeniorhynchus bred in only fresh water bodies particularly low turbid habitats (3.97 ± 0.40 NTU). Grouping of immature mosquitoes based on the habitat similarity, An. subpictus, Cx. vishnui, An. vagus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cx. gelidus and Cx. quinquefasciatus were able to breed in highly polluted habitats which are resulted fell in group A than group B mosquitoes. Cx. vishnui and An. subpictus have strong habitat similarity (0.96) and can able to share their habitats with more number of Anopheline and Culicine mosquitoes.

Conclusions
From the study we concluded that, Cx. vishnui and An. subpictus were most prevalent species and strong habitats similarity along the Vaigai river basin. An. subpictus and An. vagus can adapt to breed in polluted habitats and this may be adequate to extend the vectorial capacity and disease outbreak along the Vaigai river basin.
Changes in health-related quality of life over the first three months of medical marijuana use
Authors: Lent Michelle R. , McCalmont Thomas R. , Short Megan M. , Dugosh Karen L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The psychosocial impact of medical marijuana use is not yet known. This study evaluated short-term changes in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) over the first three months of medical marijuana use.

Methods
This prospective, observational, longitudinal study followed adults newly recommended for medical marijuana by a physician for any of the more than 20 qualifying medical conditions in Pennsylvania. Participants (N = 438) provided their clinical status and demographic information, and completed semi-structured interviews prior to medical marijuana initiation (baseline) and at three months. HRQoL was assessed by the Short Form-36 (SF-36). Paired-samples t-tests evaluated changes in HRQoL over time.

Results
Participants (M age = 46.4 years [15.6]; 66.4% female) were mostly commonly referred for medical marijuana to treat anxiety disorders (61.9%) or severe chronic or intractable pain (53.6%). Participants reported rapid and significant improvements in all of the domains of HRQoL from baseline to three months after initiating medical marijuana use (physical functioning, role limitations due to physical health problems, emotional well-being, role limitations due to emotional problems, bodily pain, social functioning, energy/fatigue and general health, P < .001 for all). Age was negatively predictive of level of improvement over time for the physical functioning (P < .0001), role limitations due to physical health problems (P < .001), and pain (P < .0001) domains after controlling for baseline, with older participants displaying less improvement than younger participants.

Conclusions
Gains were observed in all HRQoL domains assessed after three months of medical marijuana use. In several domains, age was a significant predictor of degree of improvement.
Combination of MDM2 and Targeted Kinase Inhibitors Results in Prolonged Tumor Control in Lung Adenocarcinomas With Oncogenic Tyrosine Kinase Drivers and MDM2 Amplification
Authors: Elkrief Arielle , Odintsov Igor , Smith Roger S. , Vojnic Morana , Hayashi Takuo , Khodos Inna , Markov Vladimir , Liu Zebing , Lui Allan J.W. , Bloom Jamie L. , Offin Michael D. , Rudin Charles M. , de Stanchina Elisa , Riely Gregory J. , Somwar Romel , Ladanyi Marc 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE MDM2, a negative regulator of the TP53 tumor suppressor, is oncogenic when amplified. MDM2 amplification (MDM2amp) is mutually exclusive with TP53 mutation and is seen in 6% of patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), with significant enrichment in subsets with receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) driver alterations. Recent studies have shown synergistic activity of MDM2 and MEK inhibition in patient-derived LUAD models with MDM2amp and RTK driver alterations. However, the combination of MDM2 and RTK inhibitors in LUAD has not been studied. METHODS We evaluated the combination of MDM2 and RTK inhibition in patient-derived models of LUAD. RESULTS In a RET-fusion LUAD patient-derived model with MDM2amp, MDM2 inhibition with either milademetan or AMG232 combined with selpercatinib resulted in long-term in vivo tumor control markedly superior to either agent alone. Similarly, in an EGFR-mutated model with MDM2amp, combining either milademetan or AMG232 with osimertinib resulted in long-term in vivo tumor control, which was strikingly superior to either agent alone. CONCLUSION These preclinical in vivo data provide a rationale for further clinical development of this combinatorial targeted therapy approach.
Predictors of Fracture in Middle-Aged and Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity
Authors: Elam Rachel E , Johnson Karen C , Xu Hongyan , Isales Carlos M , Dong Yanbin , Carbone Laura D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Persons with type 2 diabetes have increased fracture risk that existing fracture risk assessment tools underestimate.

Objective
Identify fracture predictors in persons with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity, considering traditional and diabetes-related risk factors

Methods
This is a secondary analysis of a multicenter US study, the Look AHEAD: Action for Health in Diabetes randomized clinical trial, with randomization from 2001 to 2004 and fracture follow-up until 2015. Participants were men and women 45 to 75 years old with type 2 diabetes and body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2. Potential fracture predictors ascertained at randomization included traditional and diabetes-related risk factors (diabetes duration, diabetic neuropathy, antidiabetic medication use, hemoglobin A1c, and renal function). Total hip bone mineral density (BMD) was measured in a subcohort. Primary outcome was all incident clinical fractures, ascertained by self-report and centrally adjudicated with medical records review.

Results
Over a median 12.2-year follow-up, 649 of the 4703 participants experienced at least one clinical fracture. Thiazolidinedione use (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.46) and insulin use (HR 1.34, 95% CI, 1.08-1.66) were significant diabetes-related predictors of all clinical fractures. When measured in a subcohort (n = 1285), total hip BMD was the strongest modifiable predictor of all clinical fractures (per 1 SD = 0.1 g/cm2 increase, HR 0.47; 95% CI, 0.39-0.58).

Conclusion
Thiazolidinedione and insulin use predict clinical fracture in middle-aged and older persons with type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity. Evaluating BMD is advisable if these medications are prescribed. Fracture risk prediction tools may consider including thiazolidinedione and insulin use to refine prediction in this population.
Diabetes and Uterine Fibroid Diagnosis in Midlife: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)
Authors: Mitro Susanna D , Waetjen L Elaine , Lee Catherine , Wise Lauren A , Zaritsky Eve , Harlow Siobán D , El Khoudary Samar R , Santoro Nanette , Solomon Daniel H , Thurston Rebecca C , Hedderson Monique M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Fibroids are noncancerous uterine tumors potentially associated with cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective
We aimed to examine prospectively associations of glucose, insulin, sex hormone–binding globulin (SHBG), and diabetes with incidence of fibroid diagnoses in midlife.

Methods
Participants in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) cohort (n = 2570) reported fibroid diagnoses at enrollment (1996-1997) and 13 follow-up visits (1996-2013). At all visits, we measured glucose, insulin, and SHBG in fasting blood samples and calculated homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Diabetes was defined using glucose levels, self-reported diabetes, or diabetes medication use. We used discrete-time survival models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% CI for associations of time-varying biomarkers and diabetes with incident fibroid diagnoses, adjusted for demographics and health care utilization. We also evaluated effect modification by menopausal status.

Results
At baseline, 2.7% of participants (n = 70) were using diabetes medication. Time-varying glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, and SHBG were not associated with fibroid diagnosis. However, diabetes was associated with a 28% lower incidence of fibroid diagnosis (adjusted HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.44, 1.17), driven by participants using metformin (adjusted HR 0.49, 95% CI 0.21, 1.12), though precision was limited. After stratification by menopausal status, higher HOMA-IR and insulin were associated with greater incidence of fibroid diagnosis during premenopause but not perimenopause, while the inverse association between diabetes and fibroids was strongest during perimenopause.

Conclusion
The effect of diabetes and biomarkers on fibroids may vary by menopausal status. Fibroid risk may increase with insulin resistance and decrease with diabetes treatment.
Defining Continuous Glucose Monitor Time in Range in a Large, Community-Based Cohort Without Diabetes
Authors: Spartano Nicole L , Sultana Naznin , Lin Honghuang , Cheng Huimin , Lu Sophia , Fei David , Murabito Joanne M , Walker Maura E , Wolpert Howard A , Steenkamp Devin W 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Continuous glucose monitor (CGM) companies are beginning to market these sensors to populations without diabetes, but the range of CGM values clinicians should expect to see for this population is unclear because there have been no large studies reporting these ranges.

Objective
This work aimed to report the physiological range of CGM time in range values observed across glycemic status, including individuals without diabetes, to serve as a reference for clinicians.

Methods
The Framingham Heart Study, a prospective cohort study, was conducted among community-dwelling adults with normoglycemia (n = 560), prediabetes (n = 463), and diabetes (n = 152). We conducted a cross-sectional investigation in participants who wore a Dexcom G6 Pro CGM (in blinded mode) for 7 or more complete days. Main outcome measures included CGM metrics including mean glucose and time spent in glucose ranges.

Results
Normoglycemic participants (mean age 58.5 years, 64.5% women, 93.3% non-Hispanic White) spent 87.0% time in the 70 to 140 mg/dL CGM range, and, on average, more than 15 minutes/day (1.2% time) at more than 180 mg/dL. Furthermore, normoglycemic participants spent approximately 3 hours/day (12.1% time) with CGM glucose at more than 140 mg/dL. On average, participants with prediabetes and diabetes spent 77.1% and 46.2% of time in the 70 to 140 mg/dL range, respectively.

Conclusion
Our results contribute to the understanding of the physiological CGM range in more than 1000 participants without diabetes. These results are also important for clinicians to reference as CGM sensors become more widely accessible to people without known diabetes.
NaV1.1 contributes to the cell cycle of human mesenchymal stem cells by regulating AKT and CDK2
Authors: Zakaria Mohammed Fouad , Kato Hiroki , Sonoda Soichiro , Kato Kenichi , Uehara Norihisa , Kyumoto-Nakamura Yukari , Sharifa Mohammed Majd , Yu Liting , Dai Lisha , Yamaza Haruyoshi , Kajioka Shunichi , Nishimura Fusanori , Yamaza Takayoshi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Non-excitable cells express sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1 gene and protein (known as SCN1A and NaV1.1, respectively); however, the functions of NaV1.1 are unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of SCN1A and NaV1.1 in human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We found that SCN1A was expressed in MSCs, and abundant expression of NaV1.1 was observed in the endoplasmic reticulum; however, this expression was not found to be related to Na+ currents. SCN1A-silencing reduced MSC proliferation and delayed the cell cycle in the S phase. SCN1A silencing also suppressed the protein levels of CDK2 and AKT (herein referring to total AKT), despite similar mRNA expression, and inhibited AKT phosphorylation in MSCs. A cycloheximide-chase assay showed that SCN1A-silencing induced CDK2 but not AKT protein degradation in MSCs. A proteolysis inhibition assay using epoxomicin, bafilomycin A1 and NH4Cl revealed that both the ubiquitin–proteasome system and the autophagy and endo-lysosome system were irrelevant to CDK2 and AKT protein reduction in SCN1A-silenced MSCs. The AKT inhibitor LY294002 did not affect the degradation and nuclear localization of CDK2 in MSCs. Likewise, the AKT activator SC79 did not attenuate the SCN1A-silencing effects on CDK2 in MSCs. These results suggest that NaV1.1 contributes to the cell cycle of MSCs by regulating the post-translational control of AKT and CDK2.
The RhoGAP ARHGAP32 interacts with desmoplakin, and is required for desmosomal organization and assembly
Authors: Li Hua , He Yinzhen , Wang Yan , Xie Lin , Wu Gangyun , Liu Xiayu , Duan Xiufen , Zhou Kaiyao , Ning Wenxiu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Desmosomes play a crucial role in maintaining tissue barrier integrity, particularly in mechanically stressed tissues. The assembly of desmosomes is regulated by the cytoskeleton and its regulators, and desmosomes also function as a central hub for regulating F-actin. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the crosstalk between desmosomes and F-actin remain unclear. Here, we identified that ARHGAP32, a Rho GTPase-activating protein, is located in desmosomes through its interaction with desmoplakin (DSP) via its GAB2-interacting domain (GAB2-ID). We confirmed that ARHGAP32 is required for desmosomal organization, maturation and length regulation. Notably, loss of ARHGAP32 increased formation of F-actin stress fibers and phosphorylation of the regulatory myosin light chain Myl9 at T18/S19. Inhibition of ROCK activity in ARHGAP32-knockout (KO) cells effectively restored desmosomal organization and the integrity of epithelial cell sheets. Moreover, loss of DSP impaired desmosomal ARHGAP32 location and led to decreased actomyosin contractility. ARHGAP32 with a deletion of the GAB2-ID domain showed enhanced association with RhoA in the cytosol and failed to rescue the desmosomal organization in ARHGAP32-KO cells. Collectively, our study unveils that ARHGAP32 associates with and regulates desmosomes by interacting with DSP. This interaction potentially facilitates the crosstalk between desmosomes and F-actin.
Unmasking Disparities in Gallbladder Cancer Outcomes in the Disaggregated Asian American Population
Authors: Kooragayala Keshav , Wang Michael , Spitz Francis J. , Gandhi Tanay Veer , Dibato John , Hong Young Ki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is associated with a high mortality rate. Asian American (AsA) are among the fastest-growing populations in the United States, yet little is known about the disparity of GBC within this cohort. This study identified trends in treatment and outcomes for GBC in a disaggregated fashion, specifically for this population.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of the National Cancer Database (NCDB) between 2010 and 2019 examining all patients treated for gallbladder cancer was performed. Basic demographic factors were identified for patients of Caucasian, African American, and disaggregated Asian subpopulations. Survival curves were used to identify differences in median overall survival, and a multivariate analysis was performed to determine which factors impact overall survival.

Results
A total of 1317 (5%) patients were of AsA origin. Median survival for the overall AsA population is 15.1 months compared with Caucasian (11.5 months) and African Americans (11.4 months) (p < 0.0001). Within the AsA groups, the Korean subpopulation had the lowest survival at 12.6 months, whereas Filipinos had the longest survival at 19.1 months (p < 0.0001). Patients of Filipino descent had the highest rate of surgical resection but lower chemotherapy utilization. Conversely, Korean patients had the highest utilization of multimodality therapy. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that belonging to Chinese, Filipino, or Indian ethnicity was associated with decreased risk of mortality.

Conclusions
There are disparate differences in survival for patients with GBC between AsA groups. Socioeconomic, genetic, and epigenetic factors may influence these differences. Further research is needed to delineate the causes of this disparity.
Corporate Relocation and Housing Market Spillovers
Authors: Hu Maggie (Rong) , Tsang Desmond , Wan Wayne Xinwei 
Published: September 2024

Using a comprehensive database of corporate relocation events in the United States from 1994 to 2017, we investigate the impact of headquarters relocation on the local economy by examining its spillover effects on the housing market. We find that headquarters relocation into a district at zip code level leads to 10% higher housing price growth. We also document a temporal spillover effect whereby housing prices increase one year before the relocation and rise further until two years afterward and a significant spatial spillover effect of corporate relocation on nearby zip codes’ housing markets up to 15 miles. We show the positive spillover effect on housing price growth is more pronounced for relocating firms with larger employee sizes and economic bases. We further find local economic spillover and agglomeration economies associated with corporate relocation. Overall, our study indicates that corporate relocation exhibits a significant impact on the local housing market. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, finance. Funding: The project received research grant from the Alrov Institute for Real Estate Research. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2021.01819 .
Development of a single-ended mid-infrared fiber-coupled laser absorption sensor for measurements of temperature, CO, and CO2 in harsh environments
Authors: Stiborek Joshua W. , Ramirez Roy S. , Goldenstein Christopher S. 
Published: September 2024

The design and application of a single-ended mid-infrared fiber-coupled laser absorption spectroscopy sensor for acquiring measurements of temperature, CO, and CO2 via time-multiplexed wavelength-modulation spectroscopy (TM-WMS) are presented. This sensor utilizes an indium trifluoride (InF3) fiber bundle with six large multi-mode (MM) catch fibers surrounding one smaller single-mode pitch fiber and a custom optics housing to collect laser light that is back-scattered off native surfaces. The fraction of light collected by the sensor was evaluated for targets made of common materials used in combustion applications (i.e., aluminum, steel, and copper). The sensor was demonstrated with 1 kHz measurements of temperature, CO, and CO2 in steady and unsteady propane-air flames with a target standoff distance of 3 cm.
Multi-span optical power spectrum prediction using cascaded learning with one-shot end-to-end measurement
Authors: Wang Zehao , Huang Yue-Kai , Han Shaobo , Kilper Daniel , Chen Tingjun 
Published: September 2024

Scalable methods for optical transmission performance prediction using machine learning (ML) are studied in metro reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer (ROADM) networks. A cascaded learning framework is introduced to encompass the use of cascaded component models for end-to-end (E2E) optical path prediction augmented with different combinations of E2E performance data and models. Additional E2E optical path data and models are used to reduce the prediction error accumulation in the cascade. Off-line training (pre-trained prior to deployment) and transfer learning are used for component-level erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) gain models to ensure scalability. Considering channel power prediction, we show that the data collection process of the pre-trained EDFA model can be reduced to only 5% of the original training set using transfer learning. We evaluate the proposed method under three different topologies with field deployed fibers and achieve a mean absolute error of 0.16 dB with a single (one-shot) E2E measurement on the deployed 6-span system with 12 EDFAs.