bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student perspectives on using egocentric video recorded by smart glasses to assess communicative and clinical skills with standardised patients
Authors: Zahl D. A. , Schrader S. M. , Edwards P. C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIntroductionThis exploratory study evaluated student perceptions of their ability to self‐ and peer assess (i) interpersonal communication skills and (ii) clinical procedures (a head and neck examination) during standardised patient (SP) interactions recorded by Google Glass compared to a static camera.MethodsStudents compared the Google Glass and static camera recordings using an instrument consisting of 20 Likert‐type items and four open‐ and closed‐text items. The Likert‐type items asked students to rate how effectively they could assess specific aspects of interpersonal communication and a head and neck examination in these two different types of recordings. The interpersonal communication items included verbal, paraverbal and non‐verbal subscales. The open‐ and closed‐text items asked students to report on more globally the differences between the two types of recordings. Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were conducted for all survey items. An inductive thematic analysis was conducted to determine qualitative emergent themes from the open‐text questions.ResultsStudents found the Glass videos more effective for assessing verbal (t22 = 2.091, P = 0.048) and paraverbal communication skills (t22 = 3.304, P = 0.003), whilst they reported that the static camera video was more effective for assessing non‐verbal communication skills (t22 = −2.132, P = 0.044). Four principle themes emerged from the students' open‐text responses comparing Glass to static camera recordings for self‐ and peer assessment: (1) first‐person perspective, (2) assessment of non‐verbal communication, (3) audiovisual experience and (4) student operation of Glass.Discussion and conclusionOur findings suggest that students perceive that Google Glass is a valuable tool for facilitating self‐ and peer assessment of SP examinations because of students’ perceived ability to emphasise and illustrate communicative and clinical activities from a first‐person perspective.
Identifying particular areas for potential seed collections for restoration plantings under climate change
Authors: Booth Trevor H. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryA method to assist identifying potential sites for seed collections for restoration plantings is demonstrated using the Atlas of Living Australia (ALA) and an example site near Albury (New South Wales). The mean annual temperature (MAT) and mean annual precipitation (MAP) of the example site are determined using the ALA. Data on likely changes in MAT and MAP are accessed from the ‘Climate Change in Australia’ website. The ALA's ‘define environmental envelope’ function is then used to identify areas currently experiencing conditions similar to the future climatic conditions projected for the site. Species distribution data in the ALA indicate locations where suitable provenances of the chosen species are likely to be present. In the case of trees, satellite images in the ALA can indicate whether isolated trees or extensive stands, that may be genetically diverse, exist at locations of interest. Shrublands, grasslands or wetlands may also be identified from the satellite images. The Monitoring, Evaluation, Reporting and Improvement Tool (MERIT) within the ALA can be used to identify existing trials that may already be using suitable provenances for the restoration site. Some considerations for provenance selection under climate change are outlined, as well as the advantages and limitations of using the ALA for this purpose.
Epilepsy in cerebrovascular diseases: Review of experimental and clinical data with meta‐analysis of risk factors
Authors: Ferlazzo Edoardo , Gasparini Sara , Beghi Ettore , Sueri Chiara , Russo Emilio , Leo Antonio , Labate Angelo , Gambardella Antonio , Belcastro Vincenzo , Striano Pasquale , Paciaroni Maurizio , Pisani Laura Rosa , Aguglia Umberto ,   Epilepsy Study Group of the Italian Neurological Society
Published: July 2016

SummaryObjectiveSeizures may occur in close temporal association with a stroke or after a variable interval. Moreover, epilepsy is often encountered in patients with leukoaraiosis. Although early post‐stroke seizures have been studied extensively, less attention has been paid to post‐stroke epilepsy (PSE) and to epilepsy associated with leukoaraiosis (EAL). The aim of this paper is to review data concerning pathophysiology, prognosis, and treatment of PSE and EAL.MethodsWe performed an extensive literature search to identify experimental and clinical articles on PSE and EAL. We also conducted a systematic review of risk factors for PSE and EAL among eligible studies.ResultsPSE is caused by enhanced neuronal excitability within and near the scar. The role played by white matter changes in EAL remains to be elucidated. Meta‐analysis showed that cortical involvement (odds ratio [OR] 3.71, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.34–5.90, p < 0.001), cerebral hemorrhage (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.57–3.70, p < 0.001), and early seizures (OR 4.43, 95% CI 2.36–8.32, p < 0.001) are associated with an increased risk of PSE. As regards EAL, no prospective, population‐based studies evaluated the role of different variables on seizure risk. Studies about the management of PSE are limited. PSE is generally well controlled by drugs. Data about risk factors, prognosis, and treatment of EAL are lacking.SignificancePathophysiology and risk factors are well defined for PSE but need to be elucidated for EAL. Management of PSE and EAL relies on the clinician's judgment and should be tailored on an individual basis.
Association between comprehensive health literacy and frailty level in community‐dwelling older adults: A cross‐sectional study in Japan
Authors: Shirooka Hidehiko , Nishiguchi Shu , Fukutani Naoto , Adachi Daiki , Tashiro Yuto , Hotta Takayuki , Morino Saori , Nozaki Yuma , Hirata Hinako , Yamaguchi Moe , Aoyama Tomoki 
Published: July 2016

AimThe present study explored the association between comprehensive health literacy and frailty level in community‐dwelling older adults in Japan.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study. We enrolled 517 community‐dwelling older adults (mean age 73.2 ± 6.3 years; 410 women). We divided the cohort into two groups, non‐frail and any‐frail, based on Fried Frailty Index scores. We assessed comprehensive health literacy using a 14‐item health literacy scale, and classified the participants as having high or low health literacy. We carried out multivariate logistic regression analysis in which the dependent variable was the presence of non‐frailty and the independent variable was the presence of high health literacy. The analysis was adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, educational history and cognitive function.ResultsThere were 132 (25.5%) and 385 (74.5%) participants in the non‐frail and any‐frail groups, respectively. The analysis showed that high health literacy was independently associated with the non‐frail group (odds ratio 1.64, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.61).ConclusionsThe results showed that high health literacy was associated with non‐frailty. This result implies that comprehensive health literacy might play a salient role in maintaining good health status in community‐dwelling older adults in Japan. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 804‐809.
Ordovician backarc‐basin metadolerite and metabasalt of the South Kitakami Terrane, Northeast Japan
Authors: Uchino Takayuki , Kawamura Makoto 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBasement rocks that occur along the northern margin of the South Kitakami Terrane in Japan consist of Ordovician ultramafic rocks (Hayachine ultramafic complex), gneissose amphibolite (Kuromoriyama amphibolite), and mafic rocks (Kagura igneous rocks, KIR). The KIR are composed of metagabbro, metadolerite, metabasalt, and minor felsic–intermediate dikes. Although the KIR contain green hornblende due to metamorphism of greenschist to epidote–amphibolite facies, they rarely retain primary brown hornblende. Approximately 30% of the metabasalt shows porphyritic textures, with phenocrysts of saussuritized plagioclase and/or altered mafic minerals. The geochemistry of the common metadolerite and metabasalt of the KIR shows a tholeiite trend, a low TiO2 content, and high Th/Nb and Ti/V ratios. The KIR are therefore indicative of a supra‐subduction zone tectonic setting, which implies a backarc origin (as also indicated by discrimination diagrams). Trace element patterns of the KIR resemble those of the backarc‐basin basalt of the Japan and Yamato basins in the Japan Sea. We propose that the KIR formed during backarc spreading from the Ordovician to Early Silurian. This view is supported by the geochemical data, the tectonic setting of the Hayachine ultramafic rocks, and the provenance of clastics within Silurian sedimentary rocks.
Sensory analysis of cosmetic powders: personal care ingredients and emulsions
Authors: Moussour M. , Lavarde M. , Pensé‐Lhéritier A.‐M. , Bouton F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe powders are ingredients increasingly used in the formulation of cosmetic products for the sensory qualities they give. The objective of this study was the development of a lexicon and a referential for sensory characterization of these pure raw materials as well as formulations which contain them.MethodsEleven expert panellists from Ecole de biologie industrielle de Cergy (France) developed a lexicon and a referential based on 12 powders of different chemical natures. The selected attributes were then used for performing a quantitative descriptive profile of two powders and an emulsion containing or not one of these two powders.ResultsA lexicon has been established through a consensus approach of the panel. It contains seven attributes that allow the evaluation of the powders in four phases: the appearance, the pickup, the application and the after‐feel. This lexicon contains definitions and assessment protocols and provides references products. The quantitative descriptive profile of two powders of the same chemical nature, but different in physical quality showed significant differences in sensory level between products. These same attributes used to evaluate an emulsion containing the powder or not allowed to prove the contribution of these raw materials on the sensory specificities of the emulsion.ConclusionThe lexicon developed in this study can be used for assessment of other powders but also to define the quantities necessary to put in the formulation to meet the sensory characteristics of these raw materials powder.
Essential content of evidence‐based clinical practice guidelines for bladder cancer: The Japanese Urological Association 2015 update
Authors: Kubota Yoshinobu , Nakaigawa Noboru ,   Committee for Establishment of the Clinical Practice Guideline for the Management of Bladder Cancer and the Japanese Urological Association
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe Japanese Urological Association revised the clinical practice guidelines for bladder cancer in April 2015. This was the first update carried out in the 6 years since the development of the initial clinical practice guidelines for bladder cancer in 2009. The descriptive content was revised, and additions were made with a focus on new‐found evidence and advances in the latest medical practices, and on the basis of the increasingly aging population observed in the underlying social context in Japan. An algorithm for the treatment of bladder cancer has been presented as a new trial. In the present article, we will introduce the essential contents and clinical questions that address the present revisions.
“What is the work of Recovery Oriented Practice? A systematic literature review”
Authors: Chester Polly , Ehrlich Carolyn , Warburton Loretta , Baker David , Kendall Elizabeth , Crompton David 
Published: July 2016

AbstractConcepts of personal and social recovery in mental illness are constantly evolving because the journey is fluid and subject to change over time. Dynamic interactions between the complexities of human nature and mental illness create ever‐altering landscapes of perplexity. The acknowledged ebb and flow of recovery in the presence of chronic and serious mental illness requires health professionals to provide a flexible suite of care, delivered through skills and methods that are responsive and meaningful to the recipient. We conducted a systematic search for qualitative literature that articulated the work of personally‐supportive recovery‐oriented practice (ROP) to determine the specific components of recovery‐supportive work. Twenty‐one articles were identified as meeting the inclusion criteria and were synthesized using a coding framework derived from Normalization Process Theory. We identified three kinds of recovery‐supportive work required from health professionals: alleviating stigma, delivering effective recovery‐supportive responses in the presence of complex health and social situations and managing challenges associated with the work of ROP. We discuss the resources needed for ROP and the barriers that inhibit health professionals' engagement in this work. By elucidating the work of ROP, we highlighted a disparity between health professionals' aspirations and achievements. These revelations could inform service delivery in order to better support consumer recovery in serious mental illness.
The Analysis of 52‐Week High Investing Strategy Based on Herding Behavior
Authors: Chang Chiao Yi , Chen Hsiang‐Lan , Kuo Wen‐Hsiu 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe present study develops zero‐costing strategies that are based on the 52‐week high and herding behavior. Proximity of the current price to the 52‐week high and the level of herding behavior of individual/institutional investors are the two criteria used to screen stocks. Because herding behavior affects stocks that are associated with value‐related beliefs that investors are reluctant to revise, the level‐of‐herding criterion uses the 52‐week high strategy to improve profits. The present study examines strategy profits in Taiwan, a market in which more than 70% of investors are individuals and where the level of herding among individual investors is higher than that for institutional investors. Empirical results found that profits earned using zero‐costing strategies, identified both using the 52‐week high and herding, were larger than those earned using only the 52‐week high strategy. Furthermore, stocks with values that were far from their 52‐week high made significant and positive profits through buy‐herding and by shorting sell‐herding stocks.
Activity–composition relations for the calculation of partial melting equilibria in metabasic rocks
Authors: Green E. C. R. , White R. W. , Diener J. F. A. , Powell R. , Holland T. J. B. , Palin R. M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA set of thermodynamic models is presented that, for the first time, allows partial melting equilibria to be calculated for metabasic rocks. The models consist of new activity–composition relations combined with end‐member thermodynamic properties from the Holland & Powell dataset, version 6. They allow for forward modelling in the system NaO–CaO–KO–FeO–MgO–AlO–SiO–HO–TiO–FeO. In particular, new activity–composition relations are presented for silicate melt of broadly trondhjemitic–tonalitic composition, and for augitic clinopyroxene with Si–Al mixing on the tetrahedral sites, while existing activity–composition relations for hornblende are extended to include KO and TiO. Calibration of the activity–composition relations was carried out with the aim of reproducing major experimental phase‐in/phase‐out boundaries that define the amphibolite–granulite transition, across a range of bulk compositions, at ≤13 kbar.
High‐grade metamorphism and partial melting of basic and intermediate rocks
Authors: Palin R. M. , White R. W. , Green E. C. R. , Diener J. F. A. , Powell R. , Holland T. J. B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRocks of basic and intermediate bulk composition occur in orogenic terranes from all geological time periods and are thought to represent significant petrological components of the middle and lower continental crust. However, the former lack of appropriate thermodynamic models for silicate melt, amphibole and clinopyroxene that can be applied to such lithologies at high temperature has inhibited effective phase equilibrium modelling of their petrological evolution during amphibolite‐ and granulite facies metamorphism. In this work, we present phase diagrams calculated in the Na2O–CaO–K2O–FeO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O–TiO2–O2(NCKFMASHTO) compositional system for a range of natural basic and intermediate bulk compositions for conditions of 2–12 kbar and 600–1050 ∘C using newly parameterized activity–composition relationships detailed in a companion paper by Green et al. in this issue. Particular attention is given to mid‐ocean ridge basalt (MORB) and diorite protolith bulk compositions. Calculated subsolidus mineral assemblages in all basic and intermediate rock types are modally dominated by hornblende and plagioclase, with variable proportions of epidote, clinopyroxene, garnet, biotite, muscovite, quartz, titanite or ilmenite present at different pressures. The H2O‐saturated (wet) solidus has a negativeP−Tslope and occurs between ∼620–690∘C at mid‐ to lower‐crustal pressures of 5–10 kbar. The lowest‐Tmelts generated close to the wet solidus are calculated to have granitic major‐element oxide compositions. Melting at higher temperature is attributed primarily to multivariate hydrate‐breakdown reactions involving biotite and/or hornblende. Partial melt compositions calculated at 800–1050∘C for MORB show good correlation with analysed compositions of experimental glasses produced via hydrate‐breakdown melting of natural and synthetic basic protoliths, with Niggli norms indicating that they would crystallize to trondhjemite or tonalite. Diorite is shown to be significantly more fertile than MORB and is calculated to produce high‐Tmelts (>800 ∘C) of granodioritic composition. Subsolidus and suprasolidus mineral assemblages show no significant variation between different members of the basalt family, although theP−Tconditions at which orthopyroxene stabilizes, thus defining the prograde amphibolite–granulite transition, is strongly dependent on bulk‐rock oxidation state and water content. The petrological effects of open‐ and closed‐system processes on the mineral assemblages produced during prograde metamorphism and preserved during retrograde metamorphism are also examined via a case‐study analysis of a natural Archean amphibolite from the Lewisian Complex, northwest Scotland.
Reduced sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP) processing through site‐1 protease (S1P) inhibition alters oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro
Authors: Monnerie Hubert , Romer Micah , Jensen Brigid K. , Millar John S. , Jordan‐Sciutto Kelly L. , Kim Sangwon F. , Grinspan Judith B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe formation of the myelin membrane of the oligodendrocyte in the CNS is a fundamental process requiring the coordinated synthesis of many different components. The myelin membrane is particularly rich in lipids, however, the regulation of this lipid synthesis is not understood. In other cell types, including Schwann cells, the myelin‐forming cells of the PNS, lipid synthesis is tightly regulated by the sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP) family of transcription factors, but this has not been previously shown in oligodendrocytes. We investigated SREBPs' role during oligodendrocyte differentiation in vitro. Both SREBP‐1 and SREBP‐2 were expressed in oligodendrocyte precursor cells and differentiating oligodendrocytes. Using the selective site‐1 protease (S1P) inhibitor PF‐429242, which inhibits the cleavage of SREBP precursor forms into mature forms, we found that preventing SREBP processing inhibited process growth and reduced the expression level of myelin basic protein, a major component of myelin. Further, process extension deficits could be rescued by the addition of exogenous cholesterol. Blocking SREBP processing reduced mRNA transcription and protein levels of SREBP target genes involved in both the fatty acid and the cholesterol synthetic pathways. Furthermore, de novo levels and total levels of cholesterol synthesis were greatly diminished when SREBP processing was inhibited. Together these results indicate that SREBPs are important regulators of oligodendrocyte maturation and that perturbation of their activity may affect myelin formation and integrity.
image
Cover Image for this issue: doi: 10.1111/jnc.13781.
Relations between attorney temporal structure and children's response productivity in cases of alleged child sexual abuse
Authors: Klemfuss J. Zoe , Cleveland Kyndra C. , Quas Jodi A. , Lyon Thomas D. 
Published: July 2016

PurposePrevious research has demonstrated that attorney question format relates to child witness' response productivity. However, little work has examined the extent to which attorneys provide temporal structure in their questions, and the effects of this structure on children's responding. The purpose of this study was to address this gap in the literature to identify methods by which attorneys increase children's response productivity on the stand without risking objections from opposing counsel for ‘calling for narrative answers’.MethodsIn this study, we coded criminal court transcripts involving child witnesses (5–18 years) for narrative structure in attorney questions and productivity in children's responses. Half of the transcripts resulted in convictions, half in acquittals, balanced across key variables: child age, allegation severity, the child's relationship to the perpetrator, and the number of allegations.ResultsProsecutors and defence attorneys varied substantially in their questioning tactics. Prosecutors used more temporal structure in their questions and varied their questioning by the age of the child. These variations had implications for children's response productivity.ConclusionsResults indicate that temporal structure is a novel and viable method for enhancing children's production of case‐relevant details on the witness stand.