bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes for bipolar patients assessed in the French expert center network: A 2‐year follow‐up observational study (FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise for Bipolar Disorder [FACE‐BD])
Authors: Henry Chantal , Godin Ophelia , Courtet Philippe , Azorin Jean‐Michel , Gard Sébastien , Bellivier Frank , Polosan Mircea , Kahn Jean‐Pierre , Roux Paul , Aubin Valerie , Costagliola Dominique , Leboyer Marion , Etain Bruno ,   the FACE‐BD collaborators
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveA new health care system for patients with bipolar disorders was established in France under the auspices of Fondation FondaMental, based on thorough clinical assessment of patients and on close collaborations between expert centers and referring practitioners. We report the results of outcomes after 2 years of observational follow‐up of adult patients assessed within the network.MethodA total of 984 patients were included in the study. We compared several parameters (e.g., mood episodes and hospitalization) 1 year before inclusion and after 2 years of observational follow‐up using the patient as his or her own control. Other outcomes were compared at baseline and during follow‐up. We estimated the evolution of these parameters over a period of 2 years using mixed models for continuous parameters and a generalized estimating equation (GEE) model for categorical variables, adjusting for potential confounding factors.ResultsMean age was 42.7 (±12.5) years and 58.8% were women. The number of hospitalization days decreased by 55% when comparing 1 year before inclusion vs the follow‐up period. In addition, patients showed a clear functional improvement associated with a reduction of residual mood symptoms, diminished psychiatric comorbidities, improvement of sleep and a better adherence to treatment.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an overall improvement of patients followed for 2 years after an assessment in expert centers for bipolar disorders. This new organization based on a thorough clinical assessment and on personalized recommendations (drug treatments, psycho‐social strategies and lifestyle measures) sent to health care professionals, and actively involving patients and families, improves the prognosis of BD patients.
DO PRIVATE TUTORS ENHANCE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ABILITY? REGRESSION DISCONTINUITY EVIDENCE FROM A POLICY EXPERIMENT IN INDIA
Authors: Chatterjee Somdeep 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTEmpirical evidence has shown that returns to English language ability are substantial in India. Research has also focused on the impact of private tutoring in the context of developing economies to find evidence that remedial teaching leads to better student achievement and higher test scores. In this paper I analyze whether private tutoring helps in developing English language ability. Simple OLS estimates suggest statistically significant effects but estimated coefficients are rather small at 0.2 percentage points. Presence of confounders and selection bias may potentially understate the true effects of private tutoring on English language ability. To address this issue, I exploit a unique policy experiment in India in a regression discontinuity framework to identify cohorts eligible for private tutoring and compare their outcomes to the ineligible. I use this potentially exogenous policy variation as an instrument for private tutoring and find significant increases in English language ability estimated at 16 percentage points which is much larger than the simple OLS effects. Since standard academic curriculum is not directed towards improving foreign language ability, private tutoring as an input in the education production function seems to offer high marginal returns. From a policy perspective, this implies that private tutoring should be encouraged for enhancing English ability even though there are concerns that this provides disincentives for teachers to teach in school.
Holocene environmental history of the Ångermanälven Estuary, northern Baltic Sea
Authors: Warnock Jonathan P. , Bauersachs Thorsten , Kotthoff Ulrich , Brandt Hauke‐Tom , Andrén Elinor 
Published: September 2017

The Baltic Sea has experienced a complex geological history, with notable swings in salinity driven by changes to its connection with the Atlantic and glacio‐isostatic rebound. Sediments obtained during International Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 347 allow the study of the effects of these changes on the ecology of the Baltic in high resolution through the Holocene in areas where continuous records had not always been available. Sites M0061 and M0062, drilled in the Ångermanälven Estuary (northern Baltic Sea), contain records of Holocene‐aged sediments and microfossils. Here we present detailed records of palaeoecological and palaeoenvironmental changes to the Ångermanälven Estuary inferred from diatom, palynomorph and organic‐geochemical data. Based on diatom assemblages, the record is divided into four zones that comprise the Ancylus Lake, Littorina Sea, Post‐Littorina Sea and Recent Baltic Sea stages. The Ancylus Lake phase is initially characterized as oligotrophic, with the majority of primary productivity in the upper water column. This transition to a eutrophic state continues into the Initial Littorina Sea stage. The Initial Littorina Sea stage contains the most marine phase recorded here, as well as low surface water temperatures. These conditions end before the Littorina Sea stage, which is marked by a return to oligotrophic conditions and warmer waters of the Holocene Thermal Maximum. Glacio‐isostatic rebound leads to a shallowing of the water column, allowing for increased benthic primary productivity and stratification of the water column. The Medieval Climate Anomaly is also identified within Post‐Littorina Sea sediments. Modern Baltic sediments and evidence of human‐induced eutrophication are seen. Human influence upon the Baltic Sea begins c. 1700 cal. a BP and becomes more intense c. 215 cal. a BP.
Education‐related inequality in restorative dental treatment need over 11 years in two areas of Finland
Authors: Raittio Eero , Vehkalahti Miira M. , Helminen Sari , Suominen Anna L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to analyse education‐related inequality in restorative dental treatment need among adults aged 30 years and older living in Northern and Southern Finland in 2000 and 2011.MethodsData were taken from the Health 2000 and 2011 population‐based follow‐up surveys, including information gathered by interviews and clinical dental examination. Final effective sample sizes were 2423 people in 2000 and 1192 people in 2011. Restorative dental treatment need was measured with number of decayed and/or fractured teeth (DT + FrT). Education‐related inequality in number of DT + FrT and factors explaining it were analysed using the Poisson regression analysis, relative index of inequality and slope index of inequality.ResultsAverage number of DT + FrT decreased from 2000 to 2011. Absolute and relative education‐related inequalities in them decreased approximately 50% and 25% from 2000 to 2011, respectively. Tooth brushing frequency and time since last dental visit explained approximately 30%‐40% of the education‐related inequality. The contribution of time since last dental visit to the education‐related inequality was smaller in 2011 than in 2000.ConclusionsIt seems that, from 2000 to 2011, the need for restorative dental treatment decreased simultaneously with the education‐related inequality in it among adults aged 30 years and older living in Northern and Southern Finland.
Prevention of total thyroidectomy in noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) based on combined interpretation of ultrasonographic and cytopathologic results
Authors: You Sung‐Hye , Lee Kyu Eun , Yoo Roh‐Eul , Choi Hye Jeong , Jung Kyeong Cheon , Won Jae‐Kyung , Kang Koung Mi , Yoon Tae Jin , Choi Seung Hong , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Kim Ji‐hoon 
Published: September 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo explore the potential preoperative ultrasonography (US) and cytopathological features to avoid total thyroidectomy in NIFTP.ContextRecently, it has been proposed that that noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasms with papillary‐like nuclear features (NIFTP) be classified as tumours, rather than cancer.PatientsA total of 142 surgically proven follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinomas (FVPTCs; 45 NIFTP, 97 non‐NIFTP; mean size: 20.4±11.0 mm, range: 10.0‐65.0 mm) from 142 patients were included in this study.MeasurementsThree preoperative features of thyroid nodules (each US finding, US and Bethesda category) were compared in NIFTP and non‐NIFTP groups. The preoperative decision‐making process to avoid total thyroidectomy in NIFTP was evaluated based on combination of those features.ResultsIn each US finding, there was only significantly less macrocalcification in the NIFTP group than in the non‐NIFTP group (8.8% [4/45] vs 32.0% [31/97], P = .006). In US category, all of the NIFTP nodules were a low or intermediate suspicion (100% [45/45]). In Bethesda category, 26.7% [12/45] of the NIFTP was diagnosed as either suspicious malignancy or malignant, which increased the risk of a total thyroidectomy. In our study, a total thyroidectomy might be avoided in all of the NIFTP cases if lobectomy was selected for the nodules classified as a low or intermediate suspicion in US, despite being classified as a suspicious malignancy or malignant by cytopathology.ConclusionsCombining the US and cytopathological results could sensitively reduce total thyroidectomy in cases of NIFTP.
Despite available habitat at range edge, yellow‐cedar migration is punctuated with a past pulse tied to colder conditions
Authors: Krapek John , Hennon Paul E. , D'Amore David V. , Buma Brian 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo explore the recent (past ~1,000 year) migration history of yellow‐cedar (Callitropsis nootkatensis), a climate‐threatened tree, which appears to lag behind its potential climatic niche at a leading northern range edge, and infer its continued migration potential under changing climate.LocationSoutheast Alaska,USA.MethodsWe located 11 leading range edge yellow‐cedar stands near Juneau, Alaska, determined their proportional occupancy of modelled habitat and estimated stand ages to determine approximate time of establishment. We used future climate projections to determine the potential vulnerability of these leading edge populations using a well‐established risk factor for yellow‐cedar mortality in the region.ResultsDespite abundant potential habitat, and having existed in the study area > 675 years, yellow‐cedar has only occupied a small proportion (<0.8%) of suitable habitat. Yellow‐cedar appears to have undergone a past pulse of successful regeneration and establishment during the Little Ice Age climate period, with little expansion in recent decades. Under high emissions future climate scenarios, nine of 11 stands (82%) may become exposed to climate conditions that predispose yellow‐cedar to root freezing injury by 2070.Main conclusionsWe show that yellow‐cedar's migration near a northern range edge is episodic, with a past pulse of establishment during the Little Ice Age. When planning for the conservation and management of this culturally and economically valuable tree, forest managers should consider yellow‐cedar's currently limited migration at the leading edge, mortality emerging farther north in recent decades and potential vulnerability of range edge stands by 2070. The range of intense, climatic driven yellow‐cedar mortality is expanding northward and rapidly approaching the species' leading edge in southeast Alaska. Yellow‐cedar's episodic migration demonstrates that species may not respond linearly to a warming climate and that other factors controlling dispersal to suitable habitat must be considered for accurate range predictions.
BMP signaling regulates the skeletal and connective tissue differentiation during caudal fin regeneration in sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna)
Authors: Rajaram Shailja , Patel Sonam , Uggini Gowri Kumari , Desai Isha , Balakrishnan Suresh 
Published: September 2017

Caudal fin regeneration in sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna (Lesueur 1821) involves an initial wound healing stage, followed by blastema that is formed of fast proliferating cells. In order to replicate the lost fin, correct differentiation of the blastemal cells into various tissues is the prime essence. Among the molecular signals governing proper differentiation of blastemal cells, members of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family are crucial. Herein, we investigated the specific effects of inhibition of BMP signaling using LDN193189 on skeletal and connective tissue formation in the regenerating tail fin of P. latipinna during early differentiation phase. It was observed that BMP inhibition leads to reduction in the length of regeneration, which can be correlated with compromised proliferation of blastemal cells. Decreased expression of cell proliferation marker like pcna together with reduced BrdU positive cells consolidate the above observation. Further, histological analysis revealed stunted progression of skeletal tissues and this correlated with the reduced expression of sox9, runx2 and dlx5, Osc and Osn genes in response to BMP inhibition. Also, defective bone patterning was observed due to BMP inhibition, which was associated with diminished levels of shh, ptc‐1, gli2 and other BMP ligands. Moreover, histochemical analysis revealed that collagen, one of the most prominent components of connective tissue, was formed below par in treated fin tissues which was subsequently confirmed by biochemical and transcript level analyses. Overall our results highlight the importance of the BMP pathway in proper differentiation of skeletal and connective tissues during the differentiation stage of regenerating caudal fin.
Characterizing adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and intellectual disability: outcomes of a case‐finding study
Authors: Bryant L. D. , Russell A. M. , Walwyn R. E. A. , Farrin A. J. , Wright‐Hughes A. , Graham E. H. , Nagi D. , Stansfield A. , Birtwistle J. , Meer S. , Ajjan R. A. , House A. O. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimsTo report the results of a case‐finding study conducted during a feasibility trial of a supported self‐management intervention for adults with mild to moderate intellectual disability and Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to characterize the study sample in terms of diabetes control, health, and access to diabetes management services and support.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional case‐finding study in the UK (March 2013 to June 2015), which recruited participants mainly through primary care settings. Data were obtained from medical records and during home visits.ResultsOf the 325 referrals, 147 eligible individuals participated. The participants’ mean (sd) HbA1c concentration was 55 (15) mmol/mol [7.1 (1.4)%] and the mean (sd) BMI was 32.9 (7.9) kg/m2, with 20% of participants having a BMI >40 kg/m2. Self‐reported frequency of physical activity was low and 79% of participants reported comorbidity, for example, cardiovascular disease, in addition to Type 2 diabetes. The majority of participants (88%) had a formal or informal supporter involved in their diabetes care, but level and consistency of support varied greatly. Post hoc exploratory analyses showed a significant association between BMI and self‐reported mood, satisfaction with diet and weight.ConclusionsWe found high obesity and low physical activity levels in people with intellectual disability and Type 2 diabetes. Glycaemic control was no worse than in the general Type 2 diabetes population. Increased risk of morbidity in this population is less likely to be attributable to poor glycaemic control and is probably related, at least in part, to greater prevalence of obesity and inactivity. More research, focused on weight management and increasing activity in this population, is warranted.
Risk of lower extremity amputations in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors in the USA: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yuan Zhong , DeFalco Frank J. , Ryan Patrick B. , Schuemie Martijn J. , Stang Paul E. , Berlin Jesse A. , Desai Mehul , Rosenthal Norm 
Published: September 2017

AimsTo examine the incidence of amputation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated with sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors overall, and canagliflozin specifically, compared with non‐SGLT2 inhibitor antihyperglycaemic agents (AHAs).Materials and MethodsPatients with T2DM newly exposed to SGLT2 inhibitors or non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs were identified using the Truven MarketScan database. The incidence of below‐knee lower extremity (BKLE) amputation was calculated for patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors, canagliflozin, or non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs. Patients newly exposed to canagliflozin and non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs were matched 1:1 on propensity scores, and a Cox proportional hazards model was used for comparative analysis. Negative controls (outcomes not believed to be associated with any AHA) were used to calibratePvalues.ResultsBetween April 1, 2013 and October 31, 2016, 118 018 new users of SGLT2 inhibitors, including 73 024 of canagliflozin, and 226 623 new users of non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs were identified. The crude incidence rates of BKLE amputation were 1.22, 1.26 and 1.87 events per 1000 person‐years with SGLT2 inhibitors, canagliflozin and non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs, respectively. For the comparative analysis, 63 845 new users of canagliflozin were matched with 63 845 new users of non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs, resulting in well‐balanced baseline covariates. The incidence rates of BKLE amputation were 1.18 and 1.12 events per 1000 person‐years with canagliflozin and non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs, respectively; the hazard ratio was 0.98 (95% confidence interval 0.68–1.41;P = .92, calibratedP = .95).ConclusionsThis real‐world study observed no evidence of increased risk of BKLE amputation for new users of canagliflozin compared with non‐SGLT2 inhibitor AHAs in a broad population of patients with T2DM.
Behaviors associated with mating success in the “purring” wolf spider Gladicosa gulosa
Authors: Sweger Alexander L. , Vaughn Corey J. , Uetz George W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStudies of sexual selection in animal systems frequently use courtship and receptivity behaviors as metrics for mating success, and this is generally built upon data associating such behaviors with mating. Spider systems are becoming increasingly popular in sexual selection research, and the wolf spider Gladicosa gulosa has the potential to help answer unique questions in animal communication. However, this species is understudied, and no quantitative data exist that demonstrate which male and female behaviors may be indicators of mating success. We paired male and female G. gulosa and recorded the behaviors involved in their courtship and mating. We found a number of significant behaviors from both males and females, and we suggest which behaviors/variables are perhaps most predictive of mating success. Beyond building a data‐based foundation for future work, we also suggest that the relationship of certain male and female variables may shed light on some of the more unique features of this species.
Stabilizing an amyloidogenic λ6 light chain variable domain
Authors: Luna‐Martínez Oscar D. , Hernández‐Santoyo Alejandra , Villalba‐Velázquez Myriam I. , Sánchez‐Alcalá Rosalba , Fernández‐Velasco Daniel A. , Becerril Baltazar 
Published: September 2017

Light chain amyloidosis is a lethal disease where vital organs are damaged by the fibrillar aggregation of monoclonal light chains. λ6a is an immunoglobulin light chain encoded by the germ‐line gene segment implicated in this disease. AR is a patient‐derived germ‐line variant with a markedly low thermodynamic stability and prone to form fibrils in vitro in less than an hour. Here, we sought to stabilize this domain by mutating some residues back to the germ‐line sequence, and the most stabilizing mutations were the single‐mutant AR‐F21I and the double‐mutant AR‐F21/IV104L, both located in the hydrophobic core. While mutation Arg25Gly in 6aJL2 destabilized the domain, mutating Gly25 back to arginine in AR did not contribute to stabilization as expected. Crystallographic structures of AR and 6a‐R25G were generated to explain this discrepancy. Finally, 6a‐R25G crystals revealed an octameric assembly which was emulated into 6aJL2 and AR crystals by replicating their structural parameters and suggesting a common assembly pattern.DatabaseThe atomic coordinates and structure factors have been deposited in the Protein Data Bank under the accession numbers 5IR3 and 5C9K.
Anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Schisandrin C promote mitochondrial biogenesis in human dental pulp cells
Authors: Takanche J. S. , Lee Y.‐H. , Kim J.‐S. , Kim J.‐E. , Han S.‐H. , Lee S.‐W. , Yi H.‐K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimTo examine the properties of Schisandrin C as an anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant compound, and whether its characteristics promote mitochondrial biogenesis in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs).MethodologyHDPCs were extracted from fresh third molars and cultured for experiments. Reactive oxidative stress (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) formation were analysed by a Muse cell analyser. Western blotting and gelatin zymography were used to identify the presence of antioxidants, as well as anti‐inflammatory and mitochondrial biogenesis with specific antibody. An unpaired Student's t‐test was used for statistical analysis.ResultsSchisandrin C inhibited lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated inflammatory molecules; interleukin 1 beta, tumour necrosis factor alpha, intracellular adhesion molecule‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, matrix metalloproteinase‐2 and ‐9, NO production, ROS formation, nuclear factor kappa B translocation (P < 0.05) through the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. Schisandrin C increased the expression of superoxide dismutase enzymes as well as haem oxygenase‐1 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐alpha through the phosphorylated‐protein kinase B (p‐Akt) and nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor‐2 pathways (P < 0.05). The anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Schisandrin C promoted mitochondrial biogenesis.ConclusionsSchisandrin C has the potential to reduce inflammation and oxidation and to promote mitochondrial biogenesis. Therefore, Schisandrin C may be considered for use as an anti‐inflammatory compound for oral inflammation through mitochondrial biogenesis.
Elastic properties of multi‐layered ceramic systems for SOCs
Authors: Masini Alessia , Šiška Filip , Ševeček Oldřich , Chlup Zdeněk , Dlouhý Ivo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSOCs (Solid Oxide Cells) operate in harsh conditions and have to withstand considerable static and cyclic stresses, both mechanical and thermal. Thus, their mechanical stability is threatened. One fundamental aspect is the structural integrity of the cell. In fact, mechanical failure of a single cell can damage the whole stack, reducing the lifetime and the efficiency of the entire system.This study focuses on the ceramic layered structure of an Yttria‐stabilized electrolyte supported cell. Its elastic modulus has been measured through destructive and nondestructive techniques (three‐point bending test, impulse excitation technique, tensile test). Many literature sources deal with properties of the most common electrolytes and electrodes, yet co‐sintering effects and interactions between layers are still not fully comprehended. In this contribution the overall elastic performance of the cell has been investigated, focusing on the role that the interface between layers plays in the changing of resulting mechanical properties. To enable this investigation, layers were added to the electrolyte one by one, thus allowing individual interactions to be distinguished with the help of numerical simulations. Results obtained for consecutive samples through different techniques have been compared and discussed.