bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptom clusters differentially predict prenatal health behaviors in pregnant women
Authors: Jones Heather A. , Eddy Laura D. , Rabinovitch Annie E. , Snipes Daniel J. , Wilson Stephanie A. , Parks Amanda M. , Karjane Nicole W. , Svikis Dace S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo date, most investigations of mental health in pregnant women have focused on depression or substance use. This study aimed to (a) delineate the relationships between symptoms of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and prenatal health behaviors and (b) explore whether the symptom clusters of ADHD differentially predict prenatal health behaviors (e.g., physical strain, healthy eating, prenatal vitamin use).MethodA total of 198 pregnant women (mean age = 27.94 years) completed measures of ADHD symptoms, prenatal health behaviors, and depression.ResultsInattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity/emotional lability all evidenced significant relationships with the prenatal health behaviors, each differentially predicting different prenatal health behaviors.ConclusionAs decreased engagement in adequate prenatal health behaviors puts both the mother and fetus at risk for negative birth outcomes, future research should work to develop a brief ADHD screen to be used in obstetric clinics and should investigate these relationships within a sample of women with a diagnosis of ADHD.
Evolution of gene expression after whole‐genome duplication: New insights from the spotted gar genome
Authors: Pasquier Jeremy , Braasch Ingo , Batzel Peter , Cabau Cedric , Montfort Jérome , Nguyen Thaovi , Jouanno Elodie , Berthelot Camille , Klopp Christophe , Journot Laurent , Postlethwait John H. , Guiguen Yann , Bobe Julien 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhole‐genome duplications (WGDs) are important evolutionary events. Our understanding of underlying mechanisms, including the evolution of duplicated genes after WGD, however, remains incomplete. Teleost fish experienced a common WGD (teleost‐specific genome duplication, or TGD) followed by a dramatic adaptive radiation leading to more than half of all vertebrate species. The analysis of gene expression patterns following TGD at the genome level has been limited by the lack of suitable genomic resources. The recent concomitant release of the genome sequence of spotted gar (a representative of holosteans, the closest‐related lineage of teleosts that lacks the TGD) and the tissue‐specific gene expression repertoires of over 20 holostean and teleostean fish species, including spotted gar, zebrafish, and medaka (the PhyloFish project), offers a unique opportunity to study the evolution of gene expression following TGD in teleosts. We show that most TGD duplicates gained their current status (loss of one duplicate gene or retention of both duplicates) relatively rapidly after TGD (i.e., prior to the divergence of medaka and zebrafish lineages). The loss of one duplicate is the most common fate after TGD with a probability of approximately 80%. In addition, the fate of duplicate genes after TGD, including subfunctionalization, neofunctionalization, or retention of two “similar” copies occurred not only before but also after the divergence of species tested, in consistency with a role of the TGD in speciation and/or evolution of gene function. Finally, we report novel cases of TGD ohnolog subfunctionalization and neofunctionalization that further illustrate the importance of these processes.
Functional morphology of the gonoduct of the viviparous teleost Poeciliopsis gracilis (Heckel, 1848) (Poeciliidae)
Authors: Campuzano‐Caballero Juan Carlos , Uribe Mari Carmen 
Published: September 2017

AbstractFemale teleosts do not develop Müllerian ducts; consequently, the ovary of teleosts contains two zones: germinal and gonoduct. The gonoduct lacks germinal cells, but has relevant functions in the reproductive process. We describe the functional morphology of the gonoduct in the viviparous teleost Poeciliopsis gracilis during nongestation and gestation stages. This study tests the hypothesis that the gonoduct functions as a barrier between the germinal zone and the exterior. By providing information about morphology and function of the gonoduct we show that this part of the ovary has an essential role in the reproduction of teleosts. The ovaries were processed by histological technique and stained with hematoxylin‐eosin (H‐E), Masson's trichrome, toluidine blue and periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS). The gonoduct is divided into three regions: cephalic, middle, and caudal. In the cephalic and middle regions there are mucosal folds that extend into the gonoductal lumen, forming structures similar to a cervix. The caudal region has two portions: the anterior contains a dorsal invagination and exocrine glands among columnar cells; the posterior has a ventral flexion and stratified epithelium with apical secretory cells. The morphology of this epithelium indicates two functions: (a) secretory by the apical columnar cells, and (b) protection through the stratification. Another peculiarity of the caudal region is that both ducts, reproductive and digestive, converge in a common cavity at their caudal ends, forming a cloacal region. The histology of the gonoduct indicates relevant functions including: (1) the control of the luminal diameter by the muscle and the presence of mucosal folds, like a cervix; (2) the relationship with the spermatozoa during insemination and storing them in mucosal folds; (3) the support of immunological processes; (4) secretory activities; (5) forming the duct during birth; and (6) possibly, acts as a barrier against parasite infestations.
Nodal discontinuous Galerkin method for high‐temperature superconductors modeling based on the H‐formulation
Authors: Makong L. , Kameni A. , Bouillault F. , Geuzaine C. , Masson P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere is growing interest in superconducting machinery design in AC regime such as generators, motors, and magnets. High‐temperature superconductors are used as tapes or cables for the machine windings. Therefore, AC losses have to be evaluated efficiently for an optimal design. Moreover, non‐linearities, arising from the power law characterizing the electrical behaviour of superconductor, have to be also dealt with. The development of efficient numerical methods is therefore critical to model high‐temperature superconductors. Although numerous methods have already been proposed, the finite element method applied on the time‐dependent curl‐curl–based H‐formulation remains the mostly used. It uses edge elements of Nedelec to naturally ensure the continuity of the tangential components of H. To take into account non‐linearities from superconductors, a linearisation of the superconductors constitutive power law E=ρ(J)J was implemented. Discontinuous Galerkin finite element method provides an interesting alternative to edge elements for the time‐dependent H‐formulation. Indeed, the curl‐curl operator is written as a div operator and the interior penalty approach defines numerical fluxes at the interfaces. Those fluxes will ensure the continuity of the tangential components of H. The resistivity ρ(J) is explicitly evaluated at the previous iteration with such an approach leading to convergence. In this paper, both numerical approaches implementation will be presented. We will also compare the numerical results from those methods applied to 3D modelling of simple superconducting geometries in AC regime.
Hot air treatment reduces postharvest decay and delays softening of cherry tomato by regulating gene expression and activities of cell wall‐degrading enzymes
Authors: Wei Yingying , Zhou Dandan , Wang Zhenjie , Tu Sicong , Shao Xingfeng , Peng Jing , Pan Leiqing , Tu Kang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFruit softening facilitates pathogen infection and postharvest decay, leading to the reduction of shelf‐life. Hot air (HA) treatment at 38 °C for 12 h is effective in reducing postharvest disease and chilling injury of tomato fruit. To explore the effect and mechanism of HA treatment on reducing postharvest decay and softening of cherry tomato, fruit at the mature green stage were treated with HA and then stored at 20 °C for 15 days. Changes in natural decay incidence, firmness, cell wall compositions, activities and gene expression of cell wall‐degrading enzymes of cherry tomatoes were assessed.RESULTSHA treatment reduced natural decay incidence, postponed the firmness decline, inhibited the respiration rate and ethylene production, and retarded pectin solubilisation and cellulose degradation of cherry tomatoes. Enzymatic activities and gene expression of pectin methylesterase, polygalacturonase, cellulase and β‐galactosidase were inhibited by HA treatment. In addition, the gene expression of LeEXP1 was reduced, while LeEXT was up‐regulated after HA treatment.CONCLUSIONSOur findings suggested that HA treatment could inhibit cell wall degradation and postpone softening of cherry tomatoes by regulating gene expression and activities of cell wall‐degrading enzymes, resulting in the reduction of postharvest decay. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Application of high‐pressure homogenization on gums
Authors: Belmiro Ricardo Henrique , Tribst Alline Artigiani Lima , Cristianini Marcelo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHigh‐pressure homogenization (HPH) is an emerging process during which a fluid product is pumped by pressure intensifiers, forcing it to flow through a narrow gap, usually measured in the order of micrometers. Gums are polysaccharides from vegetal, animal or microbial origin and are widely employed in food and chemical industries as thickeners, stabilizers, gelling agents and emulsifiers. The choice of a specific gum depends on its application and purpose because each form of gum has particular values with respect to viscosity, intrinsic viscosity, stability, and emulsifying and gelling properties, with these parameters being determined by its structure. HPH is able to alter those properties positively by inducing changes in the original polymer, allowing for new applications and improvements with respect to the technical properties of gums. This review highlights the most important advances when this process is applied to change polysaccharides from distinct sources and molecular structures, as well as the future challenges that remain. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Sex Differences in the Residual Patellar Tendon After Harvesting Its Central Third for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kanamoto Takashi , Tanaka Yoshinari , Yonetani Yasukazu , Kita Keisuke , Amano Hiroshi , Okamoto Kensuke , Shino Konsei , Horibe Shuji 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesSome studies have found that sex can affect the clinical results after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. We hypothesized that sex would significantly affect the healing of the postoperative patellar tendon. This study evaluated the patellar tendon after bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft harvest, specifically with regard to sex‐dependent differences.MethodsAt 6 months postoperatively, an ultrasonographic evaluation was performed. We measured the residual donor site gap width between tendon tissues and the thickness of newly formed nontendinous tissue in the gap. In addition, the cross‐sectional area of tendon tissue was measured. The ratios between the operated and contralateral sides were calculated, and the sexes were compared. A paired Student t test was performed, with P < .05 considered statistically significant.ResultsThe population of 52 patients (32 male and 20 female) had a mean age ± SD of 23 ± 8 years. We observed no significant sex‐dependent differences in the residual donor site gap and the thickness of newly formed nontendinous tissue when calculating ratios to the contralateral tendon. The mean cross‐sectional area of tendon tissue was 101 ± 26 mm2 (male, 114 ± 26 mm2; female, 80 ± 16 mm2). When the ratios to the contralateral tendon were calculated, male patients had significantly higher cross‐sectional area ratios than female patients (male, 124% ± 20%; female, 100% ± 19%, P = .024).ConclusionsWe have reported a dramatic increase in the cross‐sectional area of patellar tendon tissue during the first 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with a bone–patellar tendon–bone autograft, which was more prominent in male patients than in female patients. This difference might have contributed to the sex‐dependent variation in clinical outcomes.
Quantitative facial electromyography monitoring after hypoglossal‐facial jump nerve suture
Authors: Flasar Jan , Volk Gerd Fabian , Granitzka Thordis , Geißler Katharina , Irintchev Andrey , Lehmann Thomas , Guntinas‐Lichius Orlando 
Published: September 2017

Objectives/HypothesisThe time course of the reinnervation of the paralyzed face after hypoglossal‐facial jump nerve suture using electromyography (EMG) was assessed. The relation to the clinical outcome was analyzed.Study DesignRetrospective single‐center cohort studyMethodsReestablishment of motor units was studied by quantitative EMG and motor unit potential (MUP) analysis in 11 patients after hypoglossal‐facial jump nerve suture. Functional recovery was evaluated using the Stennert index (0 = normal; 10 = maximal palsy).ResultsClinically, first movements were seen between 6 and >10 months after surgery in individual patients. Maximal improvement was achieved at 18 months. The Stennert index decreased from 7.9 ± 2.0 preoperatively to a final postoperative score of 5.8 ± 2.4. EMG monitoring performed for 2.8 to 60 months after surgery revealed that pathological spontaneous activity disappeared within 2 weeks. MUPs were first recorded after the 2nd month and present in all 11 patients 8–10 months post‐surgery. Polyphasic regeneration potentials first appeared at 4–10 months post‐surgery. The MUP amplitudes increased between the 3rd and 15th months after surgery to values of control muscles. The MUP duration was significantly increased above normal values between the 3rd and 24th months after surgery.ConclusionReinnervation can be detected at least 2 months earlier by EMG than by clinical evaluation. Changes should be followed for at least 18 months to assess outcome. EMG changes reflected the remodeling of motor units due to axonal regeneration and collateral sprouting by hypoglossal nerve fibers into the reinnervated facial muscle fibers.Level of Evidence3b.
Internal consistency of the inorganic carbon system in the Arctic Ocean
Authors: Woosley Ryan J. , Millero Frank J. , Takahashi Taro 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHighly accurate and precise measurements of the inorganic carbon system are crucial for monitoring and assessing the uptake of anthropogenic CO2 by the ocean. The Arctic Ocean is an area of particular interest due to Arctic amplification of climate change. Internally consistent constants are essential for making high quality CO2 system measurements and for calculating the full suite of carbon parameters. Temperatures and salinities in the Arctic are near or below the valid ranges of most carbon system constants, but the applicability has never been fully assessed in the Arctic. Using measurements of all four carbon parameters (total alkalinity, total CO2, pH, and pCO2) made on the Arctic GEOTRACES/GO‐SHIP cruise in summer 2015, we evaluate the internal consistency of six different sets of constants for surface waters at in situ temperature. Five of the six sets of constants are generally internally consistent, but each is statistically significantly different from each other. Although differences among constants are generally within the uncertainty of the calculations, these results indicate caution should be used when comparing data using different constants as biases may result from the choice of constants. We also find significant uncertainty in converting measured pH to pH at in situ temperature. The uncertainty in the pH temperature conversion limits our ability to determine the accuracy of pH measurements, particularly in polar regions. Measurements in marginal ice zones indicate that dissolution of semi‐stable ikaite (CaCO3) may bias total alkalinity measurements, and should therefore be analyzed immediately upon collection or filtered before storage.
In situ formed ionic liquids in lard oil as high‐performance lubricants for steel/steel contacts at elevated temperature
Authors: Wu Xinhu , Zhao Gaiqing , Wang Xiaobo , Liu Weimin , Liu Weisheng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a “green” way of in situ forming ionic liquids (ILs) as high‐temperature lubricants by dissolving high content of lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide in lard oil (LO). Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy result indicated that lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide could have a reaction with triacylglycerols, which are the major component of LO and formed the IL (Li[triacylglycerol])bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide. Differential scanning calorimetry result shown that ILs could effectively enhance the thermal‐oxidation stability of LO. Tribological behaviours of lubricant application in steel/steel contacts were evaluated on an Optimol SRV‐IV oscillating reciprocating friction and wear tester at 250°C. It was found that the in situ formed ILs possessed excellent friction‐reducing and antiwear properties in LO compared with perfluoropolyether (as a reference lubricant) under the same conditions. The wear mechanisms are tentatively discussed according to the morphology observation of worn surfaces of steel discs by scanning electron microscope and the surface composition analysis by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
Allergy to Peanut, Soybean, and Other Legumes: Recent Advances in Allergen Characterization, Stability to Processing and IgE Cross‐Reactivity
Authors: Cabanillas Beatriz , Jappe Uta , Novak Natalija 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPeanut and soybean are members of the Leguminosae family. They are two of the eight foods that account for the most significant food allergies in the United States and Europe. Allergic reactions to other legume species can be of importance in other regions of the world. The major allergens from peanut and soybean have been extensively analyzed and members of new protein families identified as potential marker allergens for symptom severity. Important recent advances concerning their molecular properties or clinical relevance have been made. Therefore, there is increasing interest in the characterization of allergens from other legume species such as lupine, lentil, chickpea, green bean, or pea. As legumes are mainly consumed after thermal processing, knowledge about the effect of such processing on the allergenicity of legumes has increased during the last years. In the present review, recent advances in the identification of allergens from peanut, soybean, lupine, and other legume species are summarized and discussed. An overview of the most recently described effects of thermal processing on the allergenic properties of legumes is provided and the potential IgE cross‐reactivity among members of the Leguminosae family is discussed.
Collagen content in the bladder of men with LUTS undergoing open prostatectomy: A pilot study
Authors: Averbeck Marcio A. , De Lima Nelson G. , Motta Gabriela A. , Beltrao Lauro F. , Abboud Filho Nury J. , Rigotti Clarice P. , Dos Santos William N. , dos Santos Steven K.J. , Da Silva Luis F.B. , Rhoden Ernani L. 
Published: September 2017

AimsTo evaluate the collagen content in the bladder wall of men undergoing open prostate surgery.MethodsFrom July 2014 to August 2016, men aged ≥ 50 years, presenting LUTS and undergoing open prostate surgery due to benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) or prostate cancer were prospectively enrolled. Preoperative assessment included validated questionnaires (IPSS and OAB‐V8), lower urinary tract ultrasound, and urodynamics. Bladder biopsies were obtained during open prostatectomy for determination of collagen content (sirius red‐picric acid stain; polarized light analysis). Collagen to smooth muscle ratio (C/M) in the detrusor was measured and its relationship with preoperative parameters was investigated. The level of significance was P < 0.05.ResultsThirty‐eight consecutive patients were included in this pilot study. Mean age was 66.36 ± 6.44 years and mean IPSS was 11.05 ± 8.72 points. Men diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM2) were found to have higher collagen content in the bladder wall when compared to non‐diabetic patients (17.71 ± 6.82% vs 12.46 ± 5.2%, respectively; P = 0.024). Reduced bladder compliance was also marker for higher collagen content (P = 0.042). Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) was not a predictor of increased collagen deposition in the bladder wall (P = 0.75). Patients with PVR ≥ 200 mL showed a higher collagen to smooth muscle ratio in the bladder wall (P = 0.036).ConclusionsDM2 and urodynamic parameters, such as increased PVR and reduced bladder compliance, were associated with higher collagen content in the bladder wall of men with LUTS.
Automatic data aggregation for recursively modeled NFV services
Authors: Cai Xuejun , John Wolfgang , Meirosu Catalin 
Published: September 2017

SummaryNetwork function virtualization (NFV) allows to model network services as graphs interconnecting virtual network functions (VNFs), which may include nested VNFs, modeled as subgraphs of VNFs or end points. To query the performance data of network services modeled as abstract and high‐level graphs is challenging because of the recursivity of the NFV architecture and the elasticity and dynamicity provided by the NFV infrastructure. We propose to use Datalog, a declarative logic programming language, to build a framework that supports efficient data aggregation for performance metrics of recursively modeled network services. We present our recursive query language for automatic and flexible decomposition and aggregation of NFV performance metrics and describe example use cases for both compute and network metrics. We also describe the design and implementation of a proof‐of‐concept query engine using the language. Our performance evaluation shows that the total query latency is dominated by retrieval times of performance metrics from infrastructure databases, and the time for execution and automatic decomposition of high‐level queries by the query engine itself increases linearly with the size of the service graph up to 1000 nodes. Hence, our evaluations show that the query engine scales well, bounded mainly by the limited execution capabilities of our test environment. Furthermore, it can handle multiple concurrent queries up to the concurrency limits of the backend database in use. The proposed query language and engine are thus effective in recursively retrieving performance metrics of NFV environments supporting large‐scale service graphs and large numbers of query requests.