bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remarkably High Stability of Late Actinide Dioxide Cations: Extending Chemistry to Pentavalent Berkelium and Californium
Authors: Dau Phuong D. , Vasiliu Monica , Peterson Kirk A. , Dixon David A. , Gibson John K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractActinyl chemistry is extended beyond Cm to BkO2+ and CfO2+ through transfer of an O atom from NO2 to BkO+ or CfO+, establishing a surprisingly high lower limit of 73 kcal mol−1 for the dissociation energies, D[O‐(BkO+)] and D[O‐(CfO+)]. CCSD(T) computations are in accord with the observed reactions, and characterize the newly observed dioxide ions as linear pentavalent actinyls; these being the first Bk and Cf species with oxidation states above IV. Computations of actinide dioxide cations AnO2+ for An=Pa to Lr reveal an unexpected minimum for D[O‐(CmO+)]. For CmO2+, and AnO2+ beyond EsO2+, the most stable structure has side‐on bonded η2‐(O2), as AnIII peroxides for An=Cm and Lr, and as AnII superoxides for An=Fm, Md, and No. It is predicted that the most stable structure of EsO2+ is linear [O=EsV=O]+, einsteinyl, and that FmO2+ and MdO2+, like CmO2+, also have actinyl(V) structures as local energy minima. The results expand actinide oxidation state chemistry, the realm of the distinctive actinyl moiety, and the non‐periodic character towards the end of the periodic table.
Metal–Ligand Multiple Bonding in Thorium Phosphorus and Thorium Arsenic Complexes
Authors: Vilanova Sean P. , Alayoglu Pinar , Heidarian Mohammad , Huang Patrick , Walensky Justin R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe complexes (C5Me5)2Th(EHTipp)2, (E=P or As; Tipp=2,4,6‐triisopropylphenyl), provide a ligand framework that results in facile access to rare Th–E multiple bonds. The reaction of (C5Me5)2Th(EHTipp)2 with KN(SiMe3)2, proceeds cleanly to the desired bridging phosphinidiide or arsinidiide complex, [{(C5Me5)2Th(μ2‐ETipp)(μ2‐EHTipp)}K]2 under ambient conditions. In the absence of a chelating agent, the potassium cation of one monomeric unit interacts with the aryl ring of a second monomer to form a bridged dimer. In the presence of 2,2,2‐cryptand, the terminal phosphinidene complex, [(C5Me5)2Th=PTipp(PHTipp)][K(2,2,2‐cryptand)] is isolated. Using X‐ray crystallographic analysis, we have determined these complexes display the shortest Th−P and Th−As bond lengths reported.
Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features in the pediatric age group
Authors: Rossi Esther Diana , Mehrotra Swati , Kilic Ayse Irem , Toslak Iclal Erdem , Lim‐Dunham Jennifer , Martini Maurizio , Fadda Guido , Lombardi Celestino Pio , Larocca Luigi Maria , Barkan Güliz A. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDThe most common malignant thyroid neoplasm in children is papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). In 2015, the Endocrine Pathology Society introduced the terminology “noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features” (NIFTP) to replace the noninvasive follicular variant of PTC. The objective of the current study was to evaluate previously diagnosed PTC in the pediatric population, reappraise it for NIFTP, and discuss the impact of NIFTP on the risk of malignancy (ROM) for each The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology category in the pediatric population.METHODSThe electronic databases of both study institutions were searched for all thyroidectomy specimens in patients aged <19 years from June 1, 2001 through June 1, 2016. The patient's age, sex, diagnosis, previous fine‐needle aspiration cytology diagnosis, and follow‐up were tabulated. Slides for available cases were reviewed and cases qualifying as NIFTP were separated.RESULTSThe cohort included 101 resected nodules; cytological diagnoses were available for 95 cases. These cases included diagnoses of nondiagnostic (5 cases; 5.2%), benign (21 cases; 22.1%), atypia/follicular lesion of undetermined significance (9 cases; 9.5%), follicular neoplasm/suspicious for follicular neoplasm (FN/SFN) (25 cases; 26.3%), suspicious for malignancy (7 cases; 7.4%), and malignant (28 cases; 29.5%). On the histological follow‐up, 50 cases (49.5%) were benign, 49 cases (48.5%) were malignant, and 2 cases (1.9%) were NIFTP. These NIFTP cases originally were diagnosed as FNs on fine‐needle aspiration cytology. The average ROM for FNs with and without NIFTPs was 28% and 25%, respectivelyCONCLUSIONSAccording to our rate of 1.9% for NIFTPs on reappraisal for resected nodules, this entity is likely to be less frequent in the pediatric population due to the higher prevalence of PTCs and/or more aggressive variants. NIFTPs do not appear to affect the ROM for The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology categories in the pediatric population. However, large‐scale studies are necessary to determine whether NIFTPs could affect the pediatric population. Cancer Cytopathol 2018;126:27–35. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
PD‐L1 expression in non‐small cell lung carcinoma: Comparison among cytology, small biopsy, and surgical resection specimens
Authors: Heymann Jonas J. , Bulman William A. , Swinarski David , Pagan Carlos A. , Crapanzano John P. , Haghighi Mehrvash , Fazlollahi Ladan , Stoopler Mark B. , Sonett Joshua R. , Sacher Adrian G. , Shu Catherine A. , Rizvi Naiyer A. , Saqi Anjali 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDOne immunotherapeutic agent for patients with advanced non‐small cell lung carcinoma, pembrolizumab, has a companion immunohistochemistry (IHC)‐based assay that predicts response by quantifying programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) expression. The current study assessed the feasibility of quantifying PD‐L1 expression using cytologic non‐small cell lung carcinoma specimens and compared the results with those from small biopsy and surgical resection specimens.METHODSPD‐L1 expression was quantified using the IHC‐based 22C3 pharmDx assay, with “positivity” defined as staining in ≥50% viable tumor cells; ≥ 100 tumor cells were required for test adequacy. For cytology specimens, IHC was performed on cell block sections.RESULTSA total of 214 specimens were collected from 188 patients, 206 of which (96%) were found to be adequately cellular, including 36 of 40 cytology (90%) and 69 of 72 small biopsy (96%) specimens. There was no significant difference noted with regard to the feasibility of PD‐L1 IHC on small biopsy specimens compared with surgical resection specimens (P = .99), or between the percentage of PD‐L1‐positive cytology and histology (including surgical resection and histologic small biopsy) specimens (P = .083). PD‐L1 expression was found to be concordant among samples from 21 of 23 patients from whom > 1 specimen was collected (91%). There also was no significant difference observed with regard to rates of PD‐L1 positivity when comparing age, sex, diagnosis, and specimen site.CONCLUSIONSQuantification of PD‐L1 expression is feasible on cytology specimens, and the results are comparable to those obtained from surgical resection and small biopsy specimens, including in matched specimens and using a single predictive IHC marker. Future studies will be necessary to determine the comparative value of other antibodies and their ability to predict response to immunotherapy. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:896‐907. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
GABAAreceptor subunits in the human amygdala and hippocampus: Immunohistochemical distribution of 7 subunits
Authors: Stefanits Harald , Milenkovic Ivan , Mahr Nina , Pataraia Ekaterina , Hainfellner Johannes A. , Kovacs Gabor G. , Sieghart Werner , Yilmazer‐Hanke Deniz , Czech Thomas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGABAergic neurotransmission in the amygdala contributes to the regulation of emotional processes in anxiety, stress, reward, mnestic functions, addiction, and epilepsy. Species‐specific differences in the distribution and composition of GABAAreceptors may account for distinct effects and side‐effects of GABAergic agents. However, data on the distribution and composition of GABAAreceptors in the human amygdala are lacking. Here, the expression of GABAAreceptor subunits α1, α2, α3, α5, β2, β2/3, and γ2 was studied in the human amygdala using immunohistochemistry. Hippocampi were evaluated as a reference structure. Neuronal counts and field fraction analyses were performed, and subcellular expression of GABAAreceptor subunits was analyzed semiquantitatively. In the amygdala, field fraction analyses showed the highest α1 expression in the lateral nucleus (La), whereas α3 was prominent in intercalated nuclei (IC), and α5 and γ2 in the cortical nuclei, and amygdalo‐hippocampal/parahippocampal‐amygdala transition areas. In the hippocampus, α1 and α3 were accentuated in the dentate gyrus, CA1 region, and subiculum, whereas α5 expression was rather uniform. In both regions, α2 was homogenously distributed, and the two β subunits and γ2 showed faint immunostaining. The intensity of subunit expression also varied in the neuropil, neuronal somata, and/or cellular processes in the subregions. GABAAreceptors containing subunit α1, showing the strongest expression in the La, and α3, with the strongest expression in the IC and subiculum, could be targets for treating amygdala‐related disorders. Differences in GABAAreceptor subunit expression between the human and rodent amygdala should be taken into consideration when developing subunit‐selective drugs.
The association between colors and emotions for emotional words and facial expressions
Authors: Takahashi Fumiyo , Kawabata Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractColor sensations are tied not only to other sensations, but also emotions. There have been many studies on this. One study regarding architectural color showed that colors were associated with mental status; for example, red relates to arousal, excitation, and stimulus. The purpose of the present study is to investigate how colors are evoked by emotions. The emotions were described both by emotional words and by schematic faces. Since facial expressions are accompanied by facial color, facial expressions should relate more closely to facial color than emotional words. Therefore, we used numerous color samples for our experiments to show discrimination sensitivity to stimuli in subtle differences of color. Some associations between colors and emotions were found, and the tendencies of associations were different among emotions. Anger, joy, surprise, sadness, and no emotion were connected to particular colors. The distribution of color responses in sadness was spread among bluish colors. The emotional tendencies, among anger, joy, surprise, and sadness, were similar in the two conditions of our experiment. However, in the schematic face condition, the color responses for all emotions were increased in the skin‐colored samples. Thus, the context of the face elicited the color responses.
Gender difference in color preference across cultures: An archetypal pattern modulated by a female cultural stereotype
Authors: Bonnardel Valérie , Beniwal Sucharita , Dubey Nijoo , Pande Mayukhini , Bimler David 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA gender difference in color preference among British participants has been repeatedly reported, in which both males and females show a preference for blue‐green colors, while females express an additional preference for pink‐purple colors. To investigate the robustness of gender difference in color preference in a different culture, we tested 81 young adult Indians from a school of design and compared them to 80 young British students in Psychology. The 35‐item International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) and Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) questionnaires were also administered to explore possible links between personality traits, gender schemata, and color preferences. Results confirmed a gender difference in both cultures; participants collectively expressed a preference for cool over warm colors, while in addition females showed a preference for pink colors, with a warm bias for Indian females and a cool bias for British females. While these results extend gender difference to Indian culture and support the universality of an underlying pattern they also reveal a culture‐specific contribution essentially observed in females. In British participants, color preference was correlated exclusively with BSRI scores in females and overwhelmingly with IPIP scores in males; this gender‐specific pattern of correlation was not replicated in the Indian sample. Results point to an archetypal pattern of gender difference in color preference with a remarkable cross‐cultural similarity in men and a subtle but significant cultural difference in women whose origin is yet to be explained.
Impact of the Norepinephrine Prodrug Droxidopa on the QTc Interval in Healthy Individuals
Authors: White William B. , Hewitt L. Arthur , Mehdirad Ali A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA double‐blind, 4‐period crossover study (NCT01327066) was conducted to assess the effect of the novel norepinephrine prodrug droxidopa on the QT interval in in healthy subjects. Subjects were randomized to receive a single dose of droxidopa 600 mg (maximal dose) and 2000 mg (supratherapeutic dose) compared with the positive control, moxifloxacin 400 mg, and placebo, each separated by a 3‐day washout period. Patients were monitored by continuous Holter monitoring, and electrocardiograms (ECGs) were extracted 0.5–23 hours after dosing. Blood samples for pharmacokinetic analysis were collected before dosing and after ECG data collection. The primary end point was the time‐matched placebo‐adjusted change from baseline in the individually corrected QT (QTcI). The time‐averaged QTcI mean placebo‐corrected changes from baseline for droxidopa 600 and 2000 mg were 0.1 milliseconds (90%CI, ‐0.9 to 1.0 milliseconds) and 0.3 milliseconds (90%CI, ‐0.6 to 1.3 milliseconds), respectively, and 9 milliseconds (90%CI, 8.4–10.3 milliseconds) for moxifloxacin. This study found no effect of either dose of droxidopa on cardiac repolarization using QTcI. Analysis of the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationship and cardiac repolarization showed no association with droxidopa exposure. There were no clinically relevant effects of droxidopa on heart rate, atrioventricular conduction, or cardiac depolarization identified. No morphologic ECG changes were observed.
Effect of Water on the Structure and Stability of Hydrogen‐Bonded Oxalic Acid Dimer
Authors: Hu Yuan‐Chun , Zhang Xiu‐Hui , Li Quan‐Song , Zhang Yun‐Hong , Li Ze‐Sheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs the simplest and most abundant dicarboxylic acid in the atmosphere, oxalic acid (OA) not only plays a key role in aerosol nucleation, but also acts as a prototypical compound for the investigation of intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen‐bonding interactions. A systematic theoretical study on the hydrated OA dimers performed by using DFT at the M06‐2X/6‐311++G(3df, 2p) level is discussed herein. The properties of hydrogen bonds in clusters are inspected through topological analysis by using atoms in molecules (AIM) theory. The most stable OA dimer involves a cyclic structure with two intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Calculations show that one H2O has a slight effect on the hydrogen bonds, whereas two water molecules weaken and three water molecules break the two intermolecular hydrogen bonds between OAs. Furthermore, there are no hydrogen‐bond interactions between OAs in almost all stable clusters as the number of H2O molecules increases to four and five. Additionally, ionization and isomerization of OA through water‐assisted proton‐transfer phenomena are observed in tetra‐ and pentahydrates. This work provides new insights into the conversion of anhydrous OA into hydrated clusters that are helpful for further understanding the atmospheric nucleation process and nature of hydrogen bond.
Electrochemically Sensitized Luminescence from Lanthanides in d‐/f‐Block Heteronuclear Arrays
Authors: Stringer Bradley D. , Quan Linh M. , Barnard Peter J. , Hogan Conor F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA new class of electrochemiluminescent (ECL) system is reported in which a heterobimetallic array is used to facilitate electrochemically initiated lanthanide emission, following energy transfer from an ECL‐active donor. Spectroscopic measurements are used to probe the efficiency, rate and mechanism of the energy‐transfer process in two bimetallic systems with differing donor energies. Non‐optical sensitization of the luminescence from lanthanide ions opens up exciting new possibilities for the development of ECL probes with sharper emission peaks and a greater variety of emission colours.
The clinical performance of computer‐assisted liquid‐based cytology, primary hrHPV screening, and cotesting at a Turkish Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Kir Gozde , Seneldir Hatice , Cosan Sarbay Billur 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundWe aimed to compare the performance of computer‐assisted liquid‐based cytology, primary high‐risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) screening, and cytology‐hrHPV cotesting with regards to the detection rate of cervical cancer precursor lesions.MethodsA total of 22,653 computer‐assisted liquid‐based cytology specimens interpreted between 2013 and 2015 were included in the study. We compared the false‐negative rates and sensitivities for computer‐assisted liquid‐based cytology, primary hrHPV screening and cytology‐hrHPV cotesting among women with normal and abnormal cytologies. Among 1,748 women who had undergone cotesting, 249 underwent follow‐up biopsies.ResultsFor detecting biopsy‐confirmed high‐grade lesions, the sensitivities of using hrHPV, Pap tests, and cytology‐hrHPV cotesting were 90.67%, 88%, and 98.67%, respectively, while the false‐negative rates for hrHPV and Pap tests were 9.3% and 12%, respectively. The false negative rate for cotesting was only 1.3%.ConclusionBased on the significantly high sensitivity and lower false‐negative rates achieved, we conclude that the combination of cytologic screening with hrHPV testing is the best preferred strategy for detection of cervical precursor lesions in our country's conditions.
Squash cytology findings of subependymomas: A report of three cases and differential diagnosis
Authors: Tokumitsu Takako , Sato Yuichiro , Fukushima Tsuyoshi , Takeshima Hideo , Sato Shinya , Asada Yujiro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSubependymomas are slowly growing glial tumors, corresponding to WHO grade I. Few descriptions of the cytologic features of this neoplasm are available. This study describes the cytologic features of three subependymomas, as well as their differential diagnosis based on cytology. Three men, aged 52, 56, and 63 years, presented with headache. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a nodular intraventricular mass in all three patients. Intraoperative squash cytology specimens from the three intraventricular tumors showed nodular clusters with microcystic changes. Nuclei were round to oval in shape, but showed no evidence of severe nuclear atypia or mitoses. Histological examination showed features of subependymoma. Squash cytology findings, including nodular clusters, mild cellular atypia, microcystic changes, and mucoid material, are useful in the rapid intraoperative diagnosis of subependymoma.
Interactive effects of temperature and habitat complexity on freshwater communities
Authors: Scrine Jennifer , Jochum Malte , Ólafsson Jón S. , O'Gorman Eoin J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWarming can lead to increased growth of plants or algae at the base of the food web, which may increase the overall complexity of habitat available for other organisms. Temperature and habitat complexity have both been shown to alter the structure and functioning of communities, but they may also have interactive effects, for example, if the shade provided by additional habitat negates the positive effect of temperature on understory plant or algal growth. This study explored the interactive effects of these two major environmental factors in a manipulative field experiment, by assessing changes in ecosystem functioning (primary production and decomposition) and community structure in the presence and absence of artificial plants along a natural stream temperature gradient of 5–18°C. There was no effect of temperature or habitat complexity on benthic primary production, but epiphytic production increased with temperature in the more complex habitat. Cellulose decomposition rate increased with temperature, but was unaffected by habitat complexity. Macroinvertebrate communities were less similar to each other as temperature increased, while habitat complexity only altered community composition in the coldest streams. There was also an overall increase in macroinvertebrate abundance, body mass, and biomass in the warmest streams, driven by increasing dominance of snails and blackfly larvae. Presence of habitat complexity, however, dampened the strength of this temperature effect on the abundance of macroinvertebrates in the benthos. The interactive effects that were observed suggest that habitat complexity can modify the effects of temperature on important ecosystem functions and community structure, which may alter energy flow through the food web. Given that warming is likely to increase habitat complexity, particularly at higher latitudes, more studies should investigate these two major environmental factors in combination to improve our ability to predict the impacts of future global change.