bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient and implant‐related risk factors for implant failure of one‐stage lateral sinus floor elevation: A 2‐ to 10‐year retrospective study
Authors: Fu Mengdie , Ye Yuer , Pu Rui , Zhu Danji , Yang Guoli , Jiang Zhiwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesThis retrospective study aimed to evaluate the early and late implant failure rates of one‐stage lateral sinus floor elevation (LSFE) and to identify the patient and implant‐related risk factors associated with these failures.Materials and MethodsAll patients treated with one‐stage LSFE from January 2014 to December 2021 were evaluated for inclusion. A total of 618 patients with 936 implants met the inclusion criteria. Clinical and radiographic information about patient and implants was collected. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards frailty regression models were performed to identify risk factors for early and late implant failure.ResultsThe cumulative implant survival rate was 95.62% (95% CI 93.90%–97.68%), with 16 early implant failures and 25 late implant failures. The Cox analysis indicated that ≤3 mm residual bone height (RBH) was associated with a higher early failure rate. For late implant failure, smoking habit, ≤3 mm RBH, and certain implant brand were independent risk factors. Narrow sinus ostium, long infundibulum, and flat thickening of Schneiderian membrane might be non‐independent risk factors for late implant failure. No significance was found in other variables, including age, periodontitis history, implant characteristics (position, diameter, length, protrusion length, marginal bone loss), surgeon experience, healing time, opposing dentition, and prosthesis.ConclusionsOne‐stage LSFE is a predictable treatment for patients with atrophic maxilla. ≤3 mm RBH increased the risk of early implant failure, while smoking habit, ≤3 mm RBH, and certain implant brand were independent risk factors for late implant failure.
Effect of chromophore type on efficiency of reactive dye removal using polyamidoamine dendrimer
Authors: Atav Riza , Akkuş Eray , Çifçi Deniz İzlen , Ergünay Uğur , Güneş Yalçın , Güneş Elçin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, by selecting a sample of dyes from a wide variety of chromophores used in the production of reactive dyes (monoazo, bisazo, metal azo, phthalocyanine, anthraquinone, copper formazan and triphendioxazine), the colour removal performance of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer in reactive dyes was statistically evaluated depending on the dye chromophore groups (and accordingly molecular weight and number of sulfo groups of the dye), dendrimer concentration and centrifugation time. When all the results were examined, it was observed that the colour removal efficiency was significantly lower in metalazo and copper formazan‐based reactive dyes, whereas colour removals ranging from 93% to 98% could be obtained in bisazo, triphendioxazine, monoazo, anthraquinone and phthalocyanine dyes. With the use of dendrimer, the best colour removal efficiencies occurred at pH 3. However, it was found that the centrifugation time of 15 min is sufficient for all dyes, and a longer centrifugation does not provide any additional benefit in terms of colour removal.
Explainable machine learning prediction of edema adverse events in patients treated with tepotinib
Authors: Amato Federico , Strotmann Rainer , Castello Roberto , Bruns Rolf , Ghori Vishal , Johne Andreas , Berghoff Karin , Venkatakrishnan Karthik , Terranova Nadia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTepotinib is approved for the treatment of patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer harboring MET exon 14 skipping alterations. While edema is the most prevalent adverse event (AE) and a known class effect of MET inhibitors including tepotinib, there is still limited understanding about the factors contributing to its occurrence. Herein, we apply machine learning (ML)‐based approaches to predict the likelihood of occurrence of edema in patients undergoing tepotinib treatment, and to identify factors influencing its development over time. Data from 612 patients receiving tepotinib in five Phase I/II studies were modeled with two ML algorithms, Random Forest, and Gradient Boosting Trees, to predict edema AE incidence and severity. Probability calibration was applied to give a realistic estimation of the likelihood of edema AE. Best model was tested on follow‐up data and on data from clinical studies unused while training. Results showed high performances across all the tested settings, with F1 scores up to 0.961 when retraining the model with the most relevant covariates. The use of ML explainability methods identified serum albumin as the most informative longitudinal covariate, and higher age as associated with higher probabilities of more severe edema. The developed methodological framework enables the use of ML algorithms for analyzing clinical safety data and exploiting longitudinal information through various covariate engineering approaches. Probability calibration ensures the accurate estimation of the likelihood of the AE occurrence, while explainability tools can identify factors contributing to model predictions, hence supporting population and individual patient‐level interpretation.
Patterns and drivers in the functional diversity decomposition of invaded stream fish communities
Authors: Feng Kai , Takács Péter , Czeglédi István , Erős Tibor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe assembly of real‐world ecological communities in human‐modified landscapes is influenced by a complex interplay of spatial, temporal, environmental and invasion gradients. However, understanding the relative importance of these drivers and their interactions in shaping functional assembly remains elusive. Our study aimed to investigate the relative influence of these drivers on the functional assembly of a stream fish metacommunity.LocationStreams of the Lake Balaton catchment, Hungary.MethodsWe analysed a long‐term (18‐year) dataset of the stream fish metacommunity, focusing on changes in functional diversity (Q), redundancy (R) and species dominance (D). Ternary diagrams were utilized to decompose functional diversity into Q, R and D components and to visualize diversity patterns. Linear mixed‐effect regression and separate structural equation models were employed to identify significant drivers of Q, R and D.ResultsNative fish communities exhibited low functional diversity (Q) but high redundancy (R) and dominance (D), indicating functional convergence and dominance. Stream habitat size, network position and associated spatial, physical and chemical gradients emerged as consistently significant drivers of D and R. Changes in Q were additionally linked to non‐native community properties and subtle shifts in land use and within‐stream habitat characteristics.Main ConclusionsOur findings suggest that both environmental filtering and interspecies interactions, particularly trait similarity between invaders and natives shape functional assembly of stream fish metacommunities. Despite minimal temporal directional changes, environmental drivers predominantly influence long‐term diversity patterns of native fish communities, overshadowing invasion effects. Our findings underscore the importance of considering both environmental filtering mechanisms and interspecies interactions in understanding functional assembly. Additionally, the joint application of diversity decomposition frameworks with predictive modelling provides comprehensive insight into patterns of functional diversity and assembly across ecological communities.
Identification of genes contributing to attenuation of rat model of galactose‐induced cataract by pyruvate
Authors: Masuda Fuuga , Inami Mayumi , Takamura Yoshihiro , Inatani Masaru , Oki Masaya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCataracts are a disease that reduces vision due to opacity formation of the lens. Diabetic cataracts occur at young age and progress relatively quickly, so the development of effective treatment has been awaited. Several studies have shown that pyruvate inhibits oxidative stress and glycation of lens proteins, which contribute to onset of diabetic cataracts. However, detailed molecular mechanisms have not been revealed. In this study, we attempted to reduce galactose‐induced opacity by pyruvate with rat ex vivo model. Rat lenses were extracted and cultured in galactose‐containing medium to induce lens opacity. After opacity had developed, continued culturing with pyruvate in the medium resulted in a reduction of lens opacity. Subsequently, we conducted microarray analysis to investigate the genes that contribute to the therapeutic effect. We performed quantitative expression measurements using RT‐qPCR for extracted genes that were upregulated in cataract‐induced lenses and downregulated in pyruvate‐treated lenses, resulting in the identification of 34 candidate genes. Functional analysis using the STRING database suggests that metallothionein‐related factors (Mt1a, Mt1m, and Mt2A) and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related factors (Acta2, Anxa1, Cd81, Mki67, Timp1, and Tyms) contribute to the therapeutic effect of cataracts.
Coarse performance evaluation for envious agents
Authors: Ohashi Eiji 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInformation economics predicts that a principal will prefer a finer performance evaluation system to a coarser one. Nevertheless, coarse performance evaluation is often used in practice. To explain this seeming contradiction, I construct a model of a principal and envious agents. I show that a coarse evaluation system can do as well as a finer one if agents are sufficiently envious, that is, if they incur large utility loss when they are paid less than their peers. This result supports the use of coarse performance evaluation that aggregates signals of good performance, in the form of fixed wages or inflated ratings.
Holocene Climate Change Promoted Allopatric Divergence and Disjunct Geographic Distribution in a Bee Orchid Species
Authors: Gibert Anaïs , Buscail Roselyne , Baguette Michel , Fraïsse Christelle , Roux Camille , Schatz Bertrand , Bertrand Joris A. M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimSpecies with disjunct geographic distributions provide natural opportunities to investigate incipient or recent allopatric divergence. The combination of both genetic and ecological data may be fruitful to decipher the causes of such patterns: (i) actual vicariance, (ii) successful colonisation from one source to a new range (dispersal, biological introduction) or (iii) parallel convergent evolution.LocationSouthern France and Northern Spain.TaxonThe bee orchid Ophrys aveyronensis (and its two recognised subspecies O. a. subsp. aveyronensis and O. a. subsp. vitorica) displays a disjunct geographic distribution with two subranges separated by 600 km on both sides of the Pyrenees mountain range.MethodsAs allopatric divergence is often complex to document in the wild, we used a combination of population genomics and ecological niche modelling (ENM) to investigate the causes of this intriguing biogeographic pattern.ResultsThe population genomic data demonstrate that all the studied populations exhibit similar patterns of genetic diversity and dramatic decrease in effective size compared with the ancestral population. Significant genetic differentiation and reciprocal monophyly exist between populations of the two subranges of O. aveyronensis, despite a very recent divergence time as young as ca. 1500 generations ago. Moreover, paleo‐ENM analyses support that the disjunct geographic distribution of O. aveyronensis is consistent with a range split of a broad ancestral range, contraction and distinct longitudinal and latitudinal shifts in response to climate warming during the Holocene.Main ConclusionThe congruence of the results obtained from both population genomics and ENM approaches documents how very recent continental allopatric divergence initiated speciation in this system. O. aveyronensis provides a promising opportunity to study the onset of reproductive isolation and parallel evolution following an initial stage of geographic separation in a group with high diversification rate.
Comparison of the Accuracy and Reliability of Instrumental Shade Selection Devices and Visual Shade Selection: An in Vitro Study
Authors: Kutkut N. , Jordi M. , Almalki A. , Conejo J. , Anadioti E. , Blatz M. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveNew shade‐matching devices are available for clinical use, but their accuracy and reliability have not been investigated. This in vitro study compared the accuracy and reliability of a shade‐matching colorimeter (Optishade), a spectrophotometer (VITA Easyshade V), and visual shade matching in simulated clinical conditions.Material and MethodsShade matching was conducted with two digital devices; (Optishade and Vita Easyshade) and the visual shade selection method, with a new 16‐tab Vita Classical shade guide. Shade tabs were placed within a gingival matrix and measurements were taken from the central area of each shade tab enclosed in a black box to simulate the oral cavity. Visual assessments were conducted independently by two examiners. For the reliability assessment, each shade tab was measured 20 times by each examiner. Accuracy was calculated as a percentage of the matching readings with the actual shade per each tab. Data were analyzed with the one‐way ANOVA test (α = 0.05) and Pairwise Comparison (Bonferroni Post hoc Test) to assess accuracy. The reliability evaluation was conducted by comparison between both examiners using mean and standard deviation; by a two‐tailed t‐test for the independent samples for all the three groups included in the study.ResultThe shade matching accuracy of Optishade was 97.50%, Vita Easyshade 89.38%, and visual method 62.19%. Statistically, high significant difference in accuracy (p < 0.001) was found when comparing both Optishade and VITA Easyshade with the visual method. Additionally, there was statistically significant difference in accuracy (p < 0.05) when Optishade was compared to Vita Easyshade. The reliability of the Optishade was 99.6% and Vita Easy shade was 99.38%. Statistically, showed no statistically significant difference in the reliability of shade match obtained within the same group when comparing the readings of Examiner 1 and Examiner 2 (p > 0.05).ConclusionThe colorimeter demonstrated the highest accuracy, followed by the spectrophotometer, and the visual shade selection method. Both digital methods investigated in this study showed comparable reliability.Clinical ImplicationThe results of this study emphasize the clinical advantage of digital shade‐matching devices over visual shade‐matching. The colorimeter offers high accuracy for shade matching and should be considered to use for shade matching especially with restorations in the esthetic zone.
Oreonectes yuedongensis (Cypriniformes, Nemacheilidae), a new freshwater fish species from the Lianhua Mountains in eastern Guangdong, China
Authors: Lan Chang‐Ting , Luo Tao , Zhao Xin‐Rui , Yu Jing , Xiao Ning , Zhou Jiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this work, we describe a new species of the genus Oreonectes, Oreonectes yuedongensis sp. nov., collected from the Lianhua Mountains in eastern Guangdong, China. Phylogenetic trees constructed based on the mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene showed that this new species represents an independent evolutionary lineage, with uncorrected genetic distances (Kimura 2‐parameter model) from congeners ranging from 5.1% to 8.3%. In addition, nuclear DNA analysis indicated O. yuedongensis as an independent lineage separate from its closely related species. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from other six species in the genus Oreonectes by a combination of serial characters. The description of this new species suggests that it is necessary to reassess the biodiversity of Oreonectes platycephalus as a complex, especially in the middle reaches of the Pearl River near the border between Guangdong and Guangxi. Morphological and genetic evidence supports O. yenlingi as a synonym of O. platycephalus.
Volumizing and Cogged Threads for Nose Augmentation
Authors: Wan Jovian , Park Youngjin , Park Soo Yeon , Yi Kyu‐Ho 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNose augmentation using nonsurgical methods, including volumizing and cogged threads, has gained popularity due to its minimally invasive nature, shorter recovery times, and reduced risks compared to traditional rhinoplasty. However, there is limited literature on the use of these techniques in the Asian population.AimsThis study aims to present two successful cases of nose augmentation using volumizing and cogged threads, providing evidence of their effectiveness and demonstrating the insertion techniques through a supplementary video.Patients/MethodsTwo female patients (aged 26 and 33) underwent nonsurgical nose augmentation. The first patient received volumizing threads to enhance nasal contour, while the second patient received cogged threads to refine the nasal tip and alar base. Both procedures were performed using polydioxanone (PDO) threads, with follow‐ups conducted to assess the outcomes.ResultsBoth patients exhibited significant improvement in nasal contour and projection, with outcomes maintained for up to 8 months post‐procedure. The patients reported high satisfaction with the aesthetic results, and no complications were observed during the follow‐up period.ConclusionsVolumizing and cogged threads offer a promising nonsurgical alternative for nose augmentation, particularly in patients seeking minimal invasiveness and natural‐looking results. While the initial outcomes are positive, further research is needed to evaluate the long‐term safety and effectiveness of these techniques, especially in the Asian demographic.
Low Genetic Variation Contrasts With Variable Morphotypes in Neoscytalidium dimidiatum From the Philippines and Their Aggressiveness to Dragon Fruit Species
Authors: Peja Reynaldo P. , Duka Ivan Marcelo A. , Manuel Ma. Carmina C. , Manalang Aprill P. , Balendres Mark Angelo O. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNeoscytalidium dimidiatum is an asexual, opportunistic and necrotrophic pathogen that causes the devastating stem canker disease of dragon fruit species (Selenicereus spp.). Despite this, information about its intraspecific diversity remains lacking. Examination of the morphological variations of 40 N. dimidiatum isolates hosted by S. megalanthus, S. monacanthus and S. undatus from eight allopatric regions in the Philippines detected three distinct morphotypes. Sequencing of three partial gene markers (ITS, ACT and TUB2) of representative isolates revealed low intraspecific genetic diversity of the pathogen from the three hosts. Phylogenetic analysis of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of the isolates in this study and worldwide collections of the phytopathogen in the GenBank database infers similar founding populations and the possible specificity of the dragon fruit‐infecting N. dimidiatum. Pathogenicity and aggressiveness assay of the isolates on detached stems of dragon fruit did not detect host specificity to S. monacanthus and S. undatus. However, some isolates (i.g., MBDF0802A, MBDF0808B, MBDF0339A and MBDF0007A) significantly had shorter latent period to the stems of S. undatus than S. monacanthus. A higher aggressiveness component of lesion size development on S. undatus stems by isolates from S. monacanthus was recorded suggesting a possible directional selection of highly aggressive N. dimidiatum in this host. This is the first population study on the phenotypic traits and the genetic structure of N. dimidiatum. Valuable inputs for further study of the pathogen are provided, which may help inform the design of management options for stem canker disease of dragon fruit.
Efficacy of lifestyle interventions to treat pediatric obesity: A systematic review and multivariate meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Deng Yangyang , Manninen Mika , Hwang Yongju , Kim Taewoo , Yli‐Piipari Sami 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe aim of this study was to provide a quantitative synthesis of the effects of randomized controlled pediatric lifestyle interventions in treating obesity among 11–17‐year‐old children. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis on the randomized controlled trials, consisting of actual exercise training and nutrition education, published between January 2000 and August 2022. The initial search yielded 2598 articles, with eight articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The articles were analyzed using a multivariate random effects model. The primary outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), standardized BMI (BMIz), and waist circumference (WC). Our analyses showed that lifestyle interventions were efficacious in improving BMI (−1.77 kg/m2, 95% CI [−2.70, −0.83], p < 0.001), BMIz (−0.30, 95% CI [−0.45, −0.16], p < 0.001), and WC (−3.32 cm, 95% CI [−5.35, −1.29], p < 0.001) in children with overweight and obesity. In addition, moderation analyses suggested that the efficacy of the lifestyle interventions correlated positively with participants' weight status and was enhanced when an intervention was boosted with a longer intervention duration and higher frequency. In conclusion, the current evidence suggests that lifestyle interventions are efficacious in treating children with obesity. The available evidence further indicates that duration, frequency, along weight status, were moderating the effectiveness of these lifestyle interventions.
Management of isolated favourable compound mandibular fractures: A retrospective study of outpatient versus inpatient in a tertiary health institution
Authors: Anyanechi Charles Ezechukwu , Shetty Sameep 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundHospital admission is often a prerequisite for those who endure mandibular fractures, but disagreement arises among patients whose fractures are isolated and favourable.ObjectivesTo determine the rate and types of complications between the two cohorts of patients categorized as outpatient and inpatient treatment groups, and also the effect of outpatient management after closed reduction and maxillomandibular fixation.Materials and MethodsClinical and demographic data were collected retrospectively about patients who were treated for isolated, favourable, compound mandibular fractures between 1998 and 2022 to explore whether outpatient management is an independent variable influencing post‐operative complications. Bivariate and descriptive statistics were computed.ResultsSix‐hundred and sixty‐four (664) patients were evaluated (n = 335 in the study group and n = 329 in the control). There was equitable distribution of subjects between the two groups investigated in relation to their sex, age, aetiology of fractures, sites of fracture and their combinations per subject including number of fractures and duration of injury before treatment. Unifocal fractures occurred in 40.7% of subjects while multifocal fractures were seen in 59.3% (p = 0.04). The overall complication rate was 11.7%, more prevalent in multifocal than unifocal fractures (p = 0.001). Conversely, the complication rates of outpatient and inpatient cases were 11.4% and 12.1%, respectively with no significant difference (p = 0.81).ConclusionsThere was no difference between outpatient and inpatient treatment groups. Outpatient management was not a risk factor affecting post‐operative isolated favourable mandible fracture complications, if demographic and clinical confounding variables affecting treatment outcomes were controlled.