bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resektion eines Zungenkarzinoms: Neuer Schwellenwert für tumorfreien Rand
Authors: Jäckel Martin C. 
Published: December 2017

Zanoni DK et al. A Proposal to Redefine Close Surgical Margins in Sqamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Tongue. JAMA Otolaryngol Head neck Surg
2017; 143: 555–560. doi:10.1001/jamato.2016.4238
Bei Zungenkarzinomen gilt die Resektion mit tumorfreien Rändern als Goldstandard. Als negativer Rand wird dabei traditionell ein tumorfreier
Rand von mehr als 5 mm definiert. Ob diese willkürlich gesetzte Grenze aber wirklich das Risiko für Lokalrezidive widerspiegelt, ist unklar.
Jetzt wurde untersucht, ab welcher Grenze das Risiko wirklich ansteigt und wo ein neuer Schwellenwert liegen könnte.
The English Grammar Profile of learner competence
Authors: O’Keeffe Anne , Mark Geraldine 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEnglish Profile(EP) is an ongoing empirical exploration of learner English initiated by Cambridge University Press and Cambridge English, among others. EP aims to create a set of empirically-based descriptions of language competencies for English. ‘Reference Level Descriptors’ already exist as part of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) but are intuitively derived and not designed for one specific language. TheEnglish Grammar Profile(EGP,www.englishprofile.org/english-grammar-profile) is a sub-project of EP which aims to profile learner competence in grammar. This paper details the rationale for the study and the methodology that was developed to investigate the Cambridge Learner Corpus to arrive at over 1,200 grammatical competence statements. Key findings which link to existing corpus-based second language acquisition work are also presented.
Multi-word discourse markers and their corpus-driven identification
Authors: Dobrovoljc Kaja 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWith expanding evidence on the formulaic nature of human communication, there is a growing need to extend discourse marker research to functionally analogue multi-word expressions. In contrast to the common qualitative approaches to discourse marker identification in corpora, this paper presents a corpus-driven semi-automatic approach to identification of multi-word discourse markers (MWDMs) in the reference corpus of spoken Slovene. Using eight statistical measures, we identified 173 structurally fixed discourse-marking MWEs, distinguished by a high number of tokens, a large proportion of grammatical words and semantic heterogeneity. This is a significantly longer list than would have been gained by manual inspection of smaller corpus samples. Although frequency-based methods produced satisfactory results, best precision in MWDM identification was achieved using the t-score association measure, while the overall poor performance of the mutual information suggests its inadequacy for extraction of MWDMs and other MWEs with similar lexical and distributional features.
Generalization and search in risky environments
Authors: Schulz Eric , Wu Charley M. , Huys Quentin J. M. , Krause Andreas , Speekenbrink Maarten 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHow do people pursue rewards in risky environments, where some outcomes should be avoided at all costs? We investigate how participant search for spatially correlated rewards in scenarios where one must avoid sampling rewards below a given threshold. This requires not only the balancing of exploration and exploitation, but also reasoning about how to avoid potentially risky areas of the search space. Within risky versions of the spatially correlated multi-armed bandit task, we show that participants’ behavior is aligned well with a Gaussian process function learning algorithm, which chooses points based on a safe optimization routine. Moreover, using leave-one-block-out cross-validation, we find that participants adapt their sampling behavior to the riskiness of the task, although the underlying function learning mechanism remains relatively unchanged. These results show that participants can adapt their search behavior to the adversity of the environment and enrich our understanding of adaptive behavior in the face of risk and uncertainty.
Learning and social software: exploring the realities in India
Authors: Bharucha Jehangir 
Published: December 2017

PurposeDigital India’s attempts to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy. This research examines three questions: What is the educational importance of social media in Indian higher education? What gains and dangers does it pose when used for formal learning? Could informal learning via technology powerfully supplement learning through the formal system?Design/methodology/approachIn total, 640 students were contacted through email lists provided by their institutions after these institutions had obtained their consent to participate in the study. The response rate is worked out at 44.84 per cent. Telephone interviews were conducted with 22 “veterans” in the field of higher education in India. All this provided areas of importance on which this study is based.FindingsIndia is no doubt experimenting with more creative methods of learning and teaching. Educational technology is at embryonic stage compared to many of the advanced countries. The results show that even when all facilities are present, students are not fully taking advantage of the benefits technology affords for formal learning. Not only is there a digital divide between generations but also within generations. How the technology is integrated into the learning process is important. The entire learning infrastructure is certainly available in India and it is struggling to meet student expectations and offer a more dynamic and appropriate pedagogy.Practical implicationsThis paper throws light on models explicit to the Indian scene in how students can benefit from social media beyond the classroom. It discusses challenges in its adoption in Indian higher education and ways to meet these challenges.Social implicationsTechnology-led learning brings about a difference and the present generation in India is better equipped to tackle the challenges of the workplace, will be helpful to their employers and would fit well into a global business environment.Originality/valueBecause of the relative newness of the approach in India and fairly restricted use in the Indian higher education system, the impact of social media on student engagement in the higher education sector in India is not fully known.
The dynamic metabolomic changes throughout mouse epididymal lumen fluid potentially contribute to sperm maturation
Authors: Hu S.‐G. , Liang A.‐J. , Yao G.‐X. , Li X.‐Q. , Zou M. , Liu J.‐W. , Sun Y. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryEpididymal lumen fluids are directly responsible for sperm maturation. However, very little is known about the molecular details of small molecule metabolites in the epididymal lumen fluids until now. Here we identified and compared the metabolic profiles of mouse caput and cauda epididymal lumen fluids using GC‐MS technique. Among 236 metabolites identified in caput and cauda epididymis, 36 were significantly enriched in caput epididymis while 18 were significantly enriched in cauda epididymis. Pathway analysis identified ascorbate and aldarate metabolism and beta‐alanine metabolism as most relevant pathways in caput and cauda epididymis, respectively. Ascorbate, dehydroascorbic acid and beta‐alanine associated with these two pathways were firstly reported in mouse epididymal lumen fluids and might play important roles in sperm maturation.
Emerging technologies for home‐based semen analysis
Authors: Yu S. , Rubin M. , Geevarughese S. , Pino J. S. , Rodriguez H. F. , Asghar W. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryWith about 70 million cases of infertility worldwide, half of which are caused by male factors, sperm analysis is critical to determine male fertility potential. Conventional semen analysis methods involve complex and manual inspection with a microscope, and these methods are labor intensive and can take several days. Due to unavailability of rapid, convenient, and user‐friendly semen analysis tools, many men do not seek medical evaluation, especially in resource‐constrained settings. Furthermore, as conventional methods have to be conducted in the laboratories, many men are unwilling to be tested as a result of social stigma in certain regions of the world. One solution can be found in at‐home sperm analysis, which allows men to test their semen without the hassle of going to and paying for a clinic. Herein, we examine current at‐home sperm analysis technologies and compare them to the traditional laboratory‐based methods. In addition, we discuss emerging sperm analysis approaches and describe their limitations and future directions.
Effect of varicocelectomy and/or mast cells stabilizer on sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile patients with varicocele
Authors: Zaazaa A. , Adel A. , Fahmy I. , Elkhiat Y. , Awaad A. A. , Mostafa T. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryThis study aimed to assess the effect of varicocelectomy and/or mast cells (MCs) stabilizer on sperm DNA fragmentation in infertile men with varicocele (Vx). Overall, 120 infertile patients were randomized to three equal treatment arms; patients that underwent varicocelectomy, patients on 1 mg ketotifen twice daily for three months, and patients that underwent varicocelectomy followed with 1 mg ketotifen twice daily for three months. These patients were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, semen analysis, and estimation of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI). After 3 months, all investigated groups showed significant improvement regarding the mean total sperm count, sperm concentration, total sperm motility, and sperm normal forms percentage compared with the pre‐treatment data. As well, the mean sperm DFI was significantly improved compared with the pre‐treatment data; in men that underwent varicocelectomy (34.6% vs. 28.3%), in men on MC stabilizer only (33.4% vs. 27.8%), and in men that underwent varicocelectomy followed by MC stabilizer (34.3% vs. 25.1%). Sperm DFI improvement percentages showed the highest improvement in men that underwent varicocelectomy followed with MC stabilizer compared with the other two groups (26.8% vs. 18.2%, 16.8%). Sperm DFI improvement percentages showed significant increases in the infertile patients with Vx grade III compared to Vx grade II in all investigated groups. It is concluded that in infertile men associated with Vx and high sperm DFI, surgical repair followed with MCs stabilizer significantly improve sperm DFI compared with either surgical repair or MCs stabilizer alone.
De‐constitutionalisation and majority rule: A democratic vision for Europe
Authors: Scharpf Fritz W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEuropean integration has long relied on the democratic legitimacy of its Member States without paying much attention to the increasing importance of its multilevel governing processes. At this time, however, Europe is caught in the intersection of multiple crises, all of which—Brexit as well as the euro crisis, the refugee crisis as well as the crises in Europe's relations with its Eastern and Southern ‘near abroad’—are challenging the effectiveness as well as the democratic legitimacy of government on European and national levels. These dual challenges are connected: Democratic legitimacy presupposes effective governing and problem‐solving capacity. Hence the failure of output legitimacy may undermine or even destroy the possibility of input legitimacy—a risk for which the fate of the Weimar Republic remains a most disturbing memento. At the same time, however, the lack of input legitimacy in the present European context will constrain and may ultimately destroy the effectiveness of measures based on non‐accountable supranational authority.
An Experimental Study of the Internal Consistency of Judgments Made in Bookmark Standard Setting
Authors: Clauser Brian E. , Baldwin Peter , Margolis Melissa J. , Mee Janet , Winward Marcia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractValidating performance standards is challenging and complex. Because of the difficulties associated with collecting evidence related to external criteria, validity arguments rely heavily on evidence related to internal criteria—especially evidence that expert judgments are internally consistent. Given its importance, it is somewhat surprising that evidence of this kind has rarely been published in the context of the widely used bookmark standard‐setting procedure. In this article we examined the effect of ordered item booklet difficulty on content experts’ bookmark judgments. If panelists make internally consistent judgments, their resultant cut scores should be unaffected by the difficulty of their respective booklets. This internal consistency was not observed: the results suggest that substantial systematic differences in the resultant cut scores can arise when the difficulty of the ordered item booklets varies. These findings raise questions about the ability of content experts to make the judgments required by the bookmark procedure.
Free Will, Foreknowledge, and Future‐Dependent Beliefs
Authors: van Riel Raphael 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRecently, a time‐honored assumption has resurfaced in some parts of the free will debate: (A) if past divine beliefs or past truths about what we do depend on what we do, then these beliefs and truths are, in a sense, up to us; hence, we are able to act otherwise, despite the existence of past truths or past divine beliefs about our future actions. In this paper, I introduce and discuss a novel incompatibilist argument that rests on (A). This argument is interesting in itself, for it is independent of a number of assumptions about the nature of God that have played an essential role in the classical defense of incompatibilism about divine foreknowledge and human free will. Moreover, the argument enables us to identify a difficulty compatibilists encounter when employing (A) to block incompatibilism.
Enfermedades reumáticas en Colombia: quince años de investigaciones psicológicas
Authors: Gómez Acosta César Andrés , Vinaccia Alpi Stéfano , Quiceno Sierra Japcy Margarita 
Published: December 2017

<p>El objetivo de esta revisión es analizar las principales investigaciones psicosociales que se han llevado a cabo en Colombia con pacientes reumáticos. Por un lado, se evalúan los estudios desarrollados con pacientes de artritis reumatoide, lupus eritematoso sistémico y fibromialgia; por otro, se analizan los procesos de evaluación y de intervención que se han desarrollado en el área. Se le da relevancia a la descripción de los resultados alcanzados en cada estudio. Por último, se analizan los resultados encontrados en las investigaciones colombianas. </p>
Complete Genome Sequence of Bacillus altitudinis P-10, a Potential Bioprotectant against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, Isolated from Rice Rhizosphere in Java, Indonesia
Authors: Budiharjo Anto , Jeong Haeyoung , Wulandari Dyah , Lee Soohyun , Ryu Choong-Min 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacillus altitudinis
P-10 was isolated from the rhizosphere of rice grown in an organic rice field and provides strong antagonism against the bacterial blight caused by
Xanthomonas oryzae
pv. oryzae in rice. Herein, we provide the complete genome sequence and a possible explanation of the antibiotic function of the P-10 strain.
Abstract A04: Cross-species analysis identifies MUS81, a structure-specific endonuclease, as a novel synthetic lethal interaction with PARP
Authors: Bailey Melanie L. , O'Neil Nigel J. , Hieter Philip 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Recently, the inhibition of poly ADP-ribose polymerase, or PARP, in BRCA-mutated cells has been exploited as a therapeutic strategy for cancer due to the strong PARP/BRCA synthetic lethal relationship. Evidence suggests this lethality is likely due to DNA repair defects; however, details of this mechanism remain unclear. To this end, we sought to identify a larger spectrum of genes whose mutation renders cells sensitive to PARP inhibition. Using the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, we developed an in vivo variomics approach to screen mutated C. elegans strains for sensitivity to the PARP inhibitor olaparib. Multiple sensitive strains contained mutations in either mus-81 or eme-1, two genes that form a heterodimeric DNA endonuclease complex involved in both stalled fork cleavage in replication and Holliday junction resolution in homologous recombination repair. Further investigation revealed that olaparib treatment caused somatic proliferation defects and anaphase bridges in mus-81 mutants.
We found the MUS81/PARP genetic interaction from C. elegans to be conserved in human cells. Compared to MUS81 wild-type cell lines, MUS81 knockout cells showed a significant decrease in proliferation after exposure to PARP inhibitor and had characteristics distinct from olaparib-treated BRCA2 knockout cells. Surprisingly, cells that were lacking MUS81 and treated with PARP inhibitor showed a lack of apoptosis, dramatic increase in tetraploidy and higher incidence of anaphase bridges in mitosis. Using cross-species approaches, we have identified a new PARP synthetic lethal interaction that is conserved in human cells. Our results suggest that MUS81 protection after PARP inhibitor treatment is functionally distinct from other homologous recombination repair genes and provides further insights into the mechanism behind PARP inhibitor-induced selective tumor cell killing.
Citation Format: Melanie L. Bailey, Nigel J. O’Neil, Philip Hieter. Cross-species analysis identifies MUS81, a structure-specific endonuclease, as a novel synthetic lethal interaction with PARP [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Opportunities and Challenges of Exploiting Synthetic Lethality in Cancer; Jan 4-7, 2017; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2017;16(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A04.
Abstract A16: Discovery and functional characterization of essential pathways in KRAS mutant cancers
Authors: Ku Angel A. , Bandyopadhyay Sourav 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
KRAS oncogenes are present in 30% of all human cancers and are required for tumor development and maintenance and although clearly important efforts to target KRAS mutant tumors remains a major challenge. Several systematic approaches have been made to target these RAS-dependent cancers through small molecule screening and genome-scale RNAi screens to identify KRAS Synthetic Lethal (SL) genes. We applied and network based approached to integrate published KRAS SL screen data to uncover protein networks enriched with KRAS SL genes. We are using these proteins networks to generate a KRAS genetic interaction map (E-MAP) using combinatorial RNAi to identify candidate drug combinations, which may be useful to treat KRAS mutant cancers. Our network analysis revealed a dozen protein networks enriched with KRAS SL genes. Our pilot RNAi screen revealed that KRAS mutant tumors are sensitive to PAPR inhibition. Furthermore our isogenic models reveal that KRAS mutant cells harbor active DNA repair pathways in the absence of DNA damaging agents and are likely suffering from replication stress. A combinatorial RNAi screen revealed a KRAS specific synthetic lethal interaction with PARP inhibitors and knock down of MEK-ERK pathway genes. Our results suggest that PARP inhibitions have some efficacy in treating KRAS mutant tumors undergoing replication stress single agents and potentially combined with inhibitors of MEK-ERK signaling. Future studies are underway to determine if PAPR inhibitors are effective in cancer cell in vitro and in vivo models.
Citation Format: Angel A. Ku, Sourav Bandyopadhyay. Discovery and functional characterization of essential pathways in KRAS mutant cancers [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Opportunities and Challenges of Exploiting Synthetic Lethality in Cancer; Jan 4-7, 2017; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2017;16(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A16.
Abstract A29: Targeting p300 addiction in CBP-deficient cancers causes synthetic lethality by apoptotic cell death due to abrogation of MYC expression
Authors: Ogiwara Hideaki , Sasaki Mariko , Oike Takahiro , Higuchi Saito , Tominaga Yuichi , Kohno Takashi 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in the CBP/CREBBP gene, which encodes a histone acetyltransferase (HAT), are present in a variety of human tumors, including lung, bladder, gastric, and hematopoietic cancers. Consequently, development of a molecular targeting method capable of specifically killing CBP-deficient cancer cells would greatly improve cancer therapy. Functional screening of synthetic-lethal genes in CBP-deficient cancers identified the CBP paralog p300/EP300. Ablation of p300 in CBP-knockout and -deficient cancer cells induced G1/S cell-cycle arrest, followed by apoptosis. Genome-wide gene expression analysis revealed that MYC is a major factor responsible for the synthetic lethality. Indeed, p300 ablation in CBP-deficient cells caused downregulation of MYC expression via reduction of histone acetylation in its promoter, and this lethality was rescued by exogenous MYC expression. The p300-HAT inhibitor C646 specifically suppressed the growth of CBP-deficient lung and hematopoietic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo; thus p300 is a promising therapeutic target for treatment of CBP-deficient cancers.
Citation Format: Hideaki Ogiwara, Mariko Sasaki, Takahiro Oike, Saito Higuchi, Yuichi Tominaga, Takashi Kohno. Targeting p300 addiction in CBP-deficient cancers causes synthetic lethality by apoptotic cell death due to abrogation of MYC expression [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Precision Medicine Series: Opportunities and Challenges of Exploiting Synthetic Lethality in Cancer; Jan 4-7, 2017; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2017;16(10 Suppl):Abstract nr A29.