bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Interface Velocity, Diffusion Rate, and Radial Velocity on Colloidal Deposition Patterns Left by Evaporating Droplets
Authors: Greyson Marcette , Maki Kara L. , Schertzer Michael J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
This investigation experimentally examines the role of interface capture on the transport and deposition of colloidal material in evaporating droplets. It finds that deposition patterns cannot be characterized by the ratio of interface velocity to particle diffusion rate alone when the two effects are of the same order. Instead, the ratio of radial velocity to particle diffusion rate should also be considered. Ring depositions are formed when the ratio of radial velocity to the particle diffusion rate is greater than the ratio of interface velocity to diffusion. Conversely, uniform depositions occur when the ratio of radial velocity to diffusion is smaller than the ratio of interface velocity to diffusion. Transitional depositions with a ring structure and nonuniform central deposition are observed when these ratios are similar in magnitude. Since both ratios are scaled by diffusion rate, it is possible to characterize the depositions here using a ratio of interface velocity to radial velocity. Uniform patterns form when interface velocity is greater than radial velocity and ring patterns form when radial velocity is larger. However, Marangoni effects are small and Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek (DLVO) forces repel particles from the surface in these cases. Further research is required to determine if these conclusions can be extended or modified to describe deposition patterns when particles are subjected to appreciable Marangoni recirculation and attractive DLVO forces.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Chryseobacterium
Strain CBo1 Isolated from
Bactrocera oleae
Authors: Blow Frances , Vontas John , Darby Alistair C. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Bacteria of the genus
Chryseobacterium
have previously been identified as mutualists of plants and insects.
Chryseobacterium
strain CBo1 was cultured from the gut of the agricultural pest
Bactrocera oleae
and its whole genome sequenced. This genomic resource will aid investigations into the transition of microbes between plant and invertebrate hosts.
Draft Genome Sequence and Assembly of a Lysobacter enzymogenes Strain with Biological Control Activity against Root Knot Nematodes
Authors: Hernández Iker , Fernàndez Carolina 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Lysobacter enzymogenes
strain B25, an isolate from an agricultural field, acts as a biological control agent against root knot nematodes in tomato plants. B25 also controls several fungal diseases and promotes plant growth under abiotic stress. We hereby report on the draft genome sequence and assembly of B25.
Complete Genome Sequence of Riemerella anatipestifer Serotype 10 Strain HXb2
Authors: Hu Qinghai , Qi Jingjing , Bo Huimin , Liu Guangqing , Tao Minjie , Ding Yunzhu , Xue Yafei 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of highly virulent
Riemerella anatipestifer
strain HXb2 was determined. The genome consisted of a single circular chromosome of 2,425,237 bp containing 2,383 putative open reading frames (ORFs), 9 rRNA operons, and 40 tRNA genes.
Draft Genome Sequence of Mycobacterium boenickei CIP 107829
Authors: Bouam Amar , Robert Catherine , Croce Olivier , Levasseur Anthony , Drancourt Michel 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium boenickei
is a rapidly growing mycobacterium isolated for the first time from a leg wound in the United States. Its 6,506,908-bp draft genome exhibits a 66.77% G+C content, 6,279 protein-coding genes, and 59 predicted RNA genes.
In silico
DNA-DNA hybridization confirms its assignment to the
Mycobacterium fortuitum
complex.
Does more education mean less disability in people with dementia? A large cross-sectional study in Taiwan
Authors: Huang Shih-Wei , Chi Wen-Chou , Yen Chia-Feng , Chang Kwang-Hwa , Liao Hua-Fang , Escorpizo Reuben , Chang Feng-Hang , Liou Tsan-Hon 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundWHO Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is a feasible tool for assessing functional disability and analysing the risk of institutionalisation among elderly patients with dementia. However, the data for the effect of education on disability status in patients with dementia is lacking. The aim of this large-scale, population-based study was to analyse the effect of education on the disability status of elderly Taiwanese patients with dementia by using WHODAS 2.0.MethodsFrom the Taiwan Data Bank of Persons with Disability, we enrolled 7698 disabled elderly (older than 65 years) patients diagnosed with dementia between July 2012 and January 2014. According to their education status, we categorised these patients with and without formal education (3849 patients each). We controlled for the demographic variables through propensity score matching. The standardised scores of these patients in the six domains of WHODAS 2.0 were evaluated by certified interviewers. Student’s t-test was used for comparing the WHODAS 2.0 scores of patients with dementia in the two aforementioned groups. Poisson regression was applied for analysing the association among all the investigated variables.ResultsPatients with formal education had low disability status in the domains of getting along and social participation than did patients without formal education. Poisson regression revealed that standardised scores in all domains of WHODAS 2.0—except self-care—were associated with education status.ConclusionsThis study revealed lower disability status in the WHODAS 2.0 domains of getting along and social participation for patients with dementia with formal education compared with those without formal education. For patients with disability and dementia without formal education, community intervention of social participation should be implemented to maintain better social interaction ability.
Is vaginal breech delivery associated with higher risk for perinatal death and cerebral palsy compared with vaginal cephalic birth? Registry-based cohort study in Norway
Authors: Bjellmo Solveig , Andersen Guro L , Martinussen Marit Petra , Romundstad Pål Richard , Hjelle Sissel , Moster Dag , Vik Torstein 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveThis paper aims to study if vaginal breech delivery is associated with increased risk for neonatal mortality (NNM) or cerebral palsy (CP) in Norway where vaginal delivery accounts for 1/3 of all breech deliveries.DesignCohort study using information from the national Medical BirthRegister and Cerebral Palsy Register.SettingBirths in Norway 1999–2009.Participants520 047 term-born singletons without congenital malformations.Main outcome measuresNNM, CP and a composite outcome of these and death during birth.ResultsCompared with cephalic births, breech births had substantially increased risk for NNM but not for CP. Vaginal delivery was planned for 7917 of 16 700 fetuses in breech, while 5561 actually delivered vaginally. Among these, NNM was 0.9 per 1000 compared with 0.3 per 1000 in vaginal cephalic delivery, and 0.8 per 1000 in those actually born by caesarean delivery (CD) in breech. Compared with planned cephalic delivery, planned vaginal delivery was associated with excess risk for NNM (OR 2.4; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.9), while the OR associated with planned breech CD was 1.6 (95% CI 0.7 to 3.7). These risks were attenuated when NNM was substituted by the composite outcome. Vaginal breech delivery was not associated with excess risk for CP compared with vaginal cephalic delivery.ConclusionVaginal breech delivery, regardless of whether planned or actual, and actual breech CD were associated with excess risk for NNM compared with vaginal cephalic delivery, but not with CP. The risk for NNM and CP in planned breech CD did not differ significantly from planned vaginal cephalic delivery. However, the absolute risk for these outcomes was low, and taking into consideration potential long-term adverse consequences of CD for the child and later deliveries, we therefore conclude that vaginal breech delivery may be recommended, provided competent obstetric care and strict criteria for selection to vaginal delivery.
The microstructure and mechanical properties of Ni–Co–ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings
Authors: Wang Yuxin , Hu Bo , Tay See Leng , Hou Fengyan , Gao Wei , Chen Weiwei 
Published: May 2017

Ni–Co–ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings have been electroplated on mild steel by adding ZrO2 nanoparticles into an Ni–Co plating solution. The microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposite coatings were systematically investigated. The results show that the microhardness of Ni–Co–ZrO2 nanocomposite coatings varied significantly with the quantity of ZrO2 nanoparticles. Ni–Co–10 g/L ZrO2 nanocomposite coating exhibited the optimum mechanical properties due to the dispersion strengthening effect. Addition of ZrO2 nanoparticles beyond 10 g/L led to particle agglomeration and caused a porous coating structure, resulting in a deterioration of coating mechanical properties.
Investigation of PTCR effect and microdefects in Nb2O5-doped BaTiO3-based ceramics by positron annihilation techniques
Authors: Cheng Xuxin , Cui Haining , Li Xiaoxia , Deng Wen 
Published: May 2017

The influence of Nb2O5-doped concentration on the positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTCR) effect, electrical properties and microdefects of (Ba[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text])(TiNb[Formula: see text])O3 (BSTN) ceramics were investigated. Firing was conducted at 1350[Formula: see text]C for 2 h in air. The donor-doped content affected the electrical properties, PTCR effect and formation of the microdefect type of the BSTN samples. The room temperature resistivity of the BSTN specimens first decreased and then increased with increasing donor-doped content in the range of 0.2 mol.% Nb[Formula: see text] to 0.5 mol.% Nb[Formula: see text]. Moreover, the information on microdefects in BSTN ceramics was demonstrated by coincidence Doppler broadening spectrum. The influence of the defects on the PTCR characteristics of the ceramics was also revealed.
Geometrically Nonlinear Transient Response of Laminated Plates with Flexible Supports
Authors: Yang Shao-Chong , Yang Qing-Sheng 
Published: May 2017

Laminated plates are loading-bearing components that are generally connected to flexible pads and exhibit complicated mechanical responses. To investigate the geometrically nonlinear transient responses of a laminated plate with flexible pad supports, a varied constraint reaction model and a systematic numerical procedure are presented in this paper. The flexible pad supports of the plate were treated as viscoelastic boundary conditions, wherein the strip-type pad per unit length was modeled as a cantilever beam. The nonlinear Kelvin–Voigt model was developed to simulate the nonlinear viscoelastic behaviors of the flexible pads. The dynamically varied constraint reactions generated by the viscoelastic supports, which depend upon the displacement and velocity of the nodes along the plate edge, were determined by the deflection and slope equations of the beam theory used, and they were applied on the plate edges by using the nonlinear load functions. Thus, the dynamical responses of the laminated plate with viscoelastic supports were obtained. Numerical results show that the present method can effectively treat the geometrically nonlinear transient response of the laminated plate with viscoelastic supports, and it is essential to consider the effects of non-ideal boundary conditions in the nonlinear transient analysis.
Sarcolemmal distribution of ICa and INCX and Ca2+ autoregulation in mouse ventricular myocytes
Authors: Gadeberg Hanne C. , Kong Cherrie H. T. , Bryant Simon M. , James Andrew F. , Orchard Clive H. 
Published: May 2017

The balance of Ca2+ influx and efflux regulates the Ca2+ load of cardiac myocytes, a process known as autoregulation. Previous work has shown that Ca2+ influx, via L-type Ca2+ current ( ICa), and efflux, via the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), occur predominantly at t-tubules; however, the role of t-tubules in autoregulation is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the sarcolemmal distribution of ICa and NCX current ( INCX), and autoregulation, in mouse ventricular myocytes using whole cell voltage-clamp and simultaneous Ca2+ measurements in intact and detubulated (DT) cells. In contrast to the rat, INCX was located predominantly at the surface membrane, and the hysteresis between INCX and Ca2+ observed in intact myocytes was preserved after detubulation. Immunostaining showed both NCX and ryanodine receptors (RyRs) at the t-tubules and surface membrane, consistent with colocalization of NCX and RyRs at both sites. Unlike INCX, ICa was found predominantly in the t-tubules. Recovery of the Ca2+ transient amplitude to steady state (autoregulation) after application of 200 µM or 10 mM caffeine was slower in DT cells than in intact cells. However, during application of 200 µM caffeine to increase sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ release, DT and intact cells recovered at the same rate. It appears likely that this asymmetric response to changes in SR Ca2+ release is a consequence of the distribution of ICa, which is reduced in DT cells and is required to refill the SR after depletion, and NCX, which is little affected by detubulation, remaining available to remove Ca2+ when SR Ca2+ release is increased. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study shows that in contrast to the rat, mouse ventricular Na+/Ca2+ exchange current density is lower in the t-tubules than in the surface sarcolemma and Ca2+ current is predominantly located in the t-tubules. As a consequence, the t-tubules play a role in recovery (autoregulation) from reduced, but not increased, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ release.
Exercise training and metformin, but not exercise training alone, decreases insulin production and increases insulin clearance in adults with prediabetes
Authors: Viskochil Richard , Malin Steven K. , Blankenship Jennifer M. , Braun Barry 
Published: May 2017

Adding metformin to exercise does not augment the effect of training alone to boost whole body insulin sensitivity and lower circulating insulin concentrations. Although lower insulin concentrations (lower supply) following lifestyle and/or pharmacological interventions are primarily attributed to reductions in insulin secretion that match increases in peripheral insulin sensitivity (lower demand), it is unclear whether exercise and/or metformin exert direct effects on insulin production, extraction, or clearance. Thirty-six middle-aged, obese, sedentary adults with prediabetes were randomized to placebo (P), metformin (M), exercise and placebo (E+P), or exercise and metformin (E+M) for 12 wk. Fasting plasma proinsulin (an indicator of insulin production), C-peptide, insulin, and glucose were collected before and after the intervention. Peripheral insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp), hepatic insulin extraction, insulin clearance, body weight, and cardiorespiratory fitness were also measured. Fasting proinsulin was unchanged following P (19.4 ± 10.1 vs. 22.6 ± 15.0 pmol/l), E+P (15.1 ± 7.4 vs. 15.5 ± 7.4 pmol/l), or M (24.8 ± 18.9 vs. 16.7 ± 20.3 pmol/l) but was significantly reduced after E+M (18.6 ± 11.9 vs. 13.9 ± 6.7 pmol/l; P = 0.04). Insulin clearance was significantly greater following M (384.6 ± 19.4 vs. 477.4 ± 49.9; P = 0.03) and E+M (400.1 ± 32.0 vs. 482.9 ± 33.9; P = 0.02) but was unchanged in P or E+P. In this study, metformin combined with exercise training reduced circulating proinsulin, and both groups taking metformin increased insulin clearance. This suggests that adding metformin to exercise may augment or attenuate training effects depending on the outcome or organ system being assessed.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Exercise is increasingly viewed as medication, creating a need to understand its interactions with other common medications. Research suggests metformin, a widely prescribed diabetes medication, may diminish the benefits of exercise when used in combination. In this study, however, metformin combined with exercise training, but not exercise alone, lowered proinsulin concentrations and increased insulin clearance in adults with prediabetes. This may directly influence personalized prescriptions of lifestyle and/or pharmacology to reduce diabetes risk.
Combined Anti-VEGF and Anti–CTLA-4 Therapy Elicits Humoral Immunity to Galectin-1 Which Is Associated with Favorable Clinical Outcomes
Authors: Wu Xinqi , Li Jingjing , Connolly Erin M. , Liao Xiaoyun , Ouyang Jing , Giobbie-Hurder Anita , Lawrence Donald , McDermott David , Murphy George , Zhou Jun , Piesche Matthias , Dranoff Glenn , Rodig Scott , Shipp Margaret , Hodi F. Stephen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe combination of anti-VEGF blockade (bevacizumab) with immune checkpoint anti–CTLA-4 blockade (ipilimumab) in a phase I study showed tumor endothelial activation and immune cell infiltration that were associated with favorable clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic melanoma. To identify potential immune targets responsible for these observations, posttreatment plasma from long-term responding patients were used to screen human protein arrays. We reported that ipilimumab plus bevacizumab therapy elicited humoral immune responses to galectin-1 (Gal-1), which exhibits protumor, proangiogenesis, and immunosuppressive activities in 37.2% of treated patients. Gal-1 antibodies purified from posttreatment plasma suppressed the binding of Gal-1 to CD45, a T-cell surface receptor that transduces apoptotic signals upon binding to extracellular Gal-1. Antibody responses to Gal-1 were found more frequently in the group of patients with therapeutic responses and correlated with improved overall survival. In contrast, another subgroup of treated patients had increased circulating Gal-1 protein instead, and they had reduced overall survival. Our findings suggest that humoral immunity to Gal-1 may contribute to the efficacy of anti-VEGF and anti–CTLA-4 combination therapy. Gal-1 may offer an additional therapeutic target linking anti-angiogenesis and immune checkpoint blockade. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(6); 446–54. ©2017 AACR.
Performance of AHEAD Score in an Asian Cohort of Acute Heart Failure With Either Preserved or Reduced Left Ventricular Systolic Function
Authors: Chen Yu‐Jen , Sung Shih‐Hsien , Cheng Hao‐Min , Huang Wei‐Ming , Wu Chung‐Li , Huang Chi‐Jung , Hsu Pai‐Feng , Yeh Jong‐Shiuan , Guo Chao‐Yu , Yu Wen‐Chung , Chen Chen‐Huan 
Published: May 2017

Background

AHEAD
(A: atrial fibrillation; H: hemoglobin; E: elderly; A: abnormal renal parameters; D: diabetes mellitus) score has been related to clinical outcomes of acute heart failure. However, the prognostic value of the
AHEAD
score in acute heart failure patients with either reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (
HF
r
EF
and
HF
p
EF
) remain to be elucidated.

Methods and Results

The study population consisted of 2143 patients (age 77±12 years, 68% men, 38%
HF
r
EF
) hospitalized primarily for acute heart failure with a median follow‐up of 23.75 months. The performance of the
AHEAD
score (atrial fibrillation, hemoglobin <13 mg/dL for men and 12 mg/dL for women, age >70 years, creatinine >130 μmol/L, and diabetes mellitus) was evaluated by Cox's regression analysis for predicting cardiovascular and all‐cause mortality. The mean
AHEAD
scores were 2.7±1.2 in the total study population, 2.6±1.3 in the
HF
r
EF
group, and 2.7±1.1 in the
HF
p
EF
group. After accounting for sex, sodium, uric acid, and medications, the
AHEAD
score remained significantly associated with all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio and 95% CI: 1.49, 1.38–1.60 and 1.48, 1.33–1.64), respectively. The associations of
AHEAD
score with mortality remained significant in the subgroups of
HF
r
EF
(1.63, 1.47–1.82) and
HF
p
EF
(1.34, 1.22–1.48). Moreover, when we calculated a new
AHEAD
‐U score by considering uric acid (>8.6 mg/dL) in addition to the
AHEAD
score, the net reclassification was improved by 19.7% and 20.1% for predicting all‐cause and cardiovascular mortality, respectively.

Conclusions

The
AHEAD
score was useful in predicting long‐term mortality in the Asian acute heart failure cohort with either
HF
r
EF
or
HF
p
EF
. The new
AHEAD
‐U score may further improve risk stratification.
Atmospheric Boundary Layer Turbulence Closure Scheme for Wind-Following Swell Conditions
Authors: Wu Lichuan , Rutgersson Anna , Nilsson Erik 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Over the ocean, atmospheric boundary layer turbulence can be altered by underlying waves. Under swell conditions, the impact of waves on the atmosphere is more complicated compared to that under wind-wave conditions. Based on large-eddy simulation (LES), the wind-following swell impact on the atmospheric boundary layer is investigated through three terms: swell-induced surface momentum flux, the vertical profile of swell-induced momentum flux, and the swell impact on atmospheric mixing. The swell-induced surface momentum flux displays a decreasing trend with increasing atmospheric convection. The swell-induced momentum flux decays approximately exponentially with height. Compared with atmospheric convection, the decay coefficient is more sensitive to wave age. Atmospheric mixing is enhanced under swell conditions relative to a flat stationary surface. The swell impact on the atmospheric boundary layer is incorporated into a turbulence closure parameterization through the three terms. The modified turbulence closure parameterization is introduced into a single-column atmospheric model to simulate LES cases. Adding only the swell impact on the atmospheric mixing has a limited influence on wind profiles. Adding both the impact of swell on the atmospheric mixing and the profile of swell-induced momentum flux significantly improves the agreement between the 1D atmospheric simulation results and the LES results, to some extent simulating the wave-induced low-level wind jet. It is concluded that the swell impact should be included in atmospheric numerical models.
Generation of Internal Solitary Waves by Lateral Circulation in a Stratified Estuary
Authors: Xie Xiaohui , Li Ming , Scully Malcolm , Boicourt William C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInternal solitary waves are commonly observed in the coastal ocean where they are known to contribute to mass transport and turbulent mixing. While these waves are often generated by cross-isobath barotropic tidal currents, novel observations are presented suggesting that internal solitary waves result from along-isobath tidal flows over channel-shoal bathymetry. Mooring and ship-based velocity, temperature, and salinity data were collected over a cross-channel section in a stratified estuary. The data show that Ekman forcing on along-channel tidal currents drives lateral circulation, which interacts with the stratified water over the deep channel to generate a supercritical mode-2 internal lee wave. This lee wave propagates onto the shallow shoal and evolves into a group of internal solitary waves of elevation due to nonlinear steepening. These observations highlight the potential importance of three-dimensionality on the conversion of tidal flow to internal waves in the rotating ocean.