bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of the stator inductances of the expanded Park model and an approach on parameter identification using the evolution strategy
Authors: Schmuelling Christoph , Kreischer Christian , Gołebiowski Marek 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Commonly, the Park model is used to calculate transients or steady-state operations of synchronous machines. The expanded Park theory derives the Park equations from the phase-domain model of the synchronous machine by the use of transformations. Thereby, several hypothesis are made, which are under investigation in this article in respect to the main inductances of two different types of synchronous machines. It is shown, that the derivation of the Park equations from the phase-domain model does not lead to constant inductances, as it is usually assumed for these equations. Nevertheless the Park model is the most common analytic model of synchronous machines. Therefore, in the second part of this article a method using the evolution strategy is shown to obtain the parameters of the Park model.
Performance and Small Intestine Morphology and Ultrastructure of Male Broilers Injected in Ovo with Bioactive Substances
Authors: Bogucka Joanna , Dankowiakowska Agata , Elminowska-Wenda Gabriela , Sobolewska Adrianna , Jankowski Jan , Szpinda Michał , Bednarczyk Marek 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of prebiotic and synbiotic preparations injected in ovo on day 12 of embryogenesis on both development of intestinal villi and the number of neutral goblet cells in the small intestine of male broiler chickens on day 35 of rearing. Eggs containing live embryos were randomly separated into five experimental groups (1800 eggs per group), and treated with different bioactive compounds by in ovo injection. The control group (C) was injected with physiological saline. The prebiotic groups (PI and PB) were injected with a solution containing 1.76 mg of inulin or with a solution containing 0.528 mg of Bi2tos. The injection solution for both synbiotic groups (SI and SB) consisted of 1.76 mg Inulin + 1000 CFU of L. lactis spp. lactis 2955 (SL1) or 0.528 mg Bi2tos + 1000 CFU of L. lactis spp. cremoris 477 (SC1). Samples for histological analysis were taken from the three segments of the small intestine: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Broiler performance increased in the prebiotic group injected with Bi2tos when compared to both the control group and the prebiotic group injected with inulin. In relation to other groups, in the duodenum and ileum the highest intestinal villi were observed in chickens with the lowest body weight, i.e. groups C and PI. The smaller surface area of villi was found in the jejunum and ileum in group SB. As far as the jejunum and ileum are concerned, a significantly higher number of goblet cells was noted in groups PB and SB.
Extremal values of the (fractional) Weinstein functional on the hyperbolic space
Authors: Mukherjee Mayukh 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We study Weinstein functionals, first defined in [33], mainly on the hyperbolic space

ℍ
n

{\mathbb{H}^{n}}

.
We are primarily interested in the existence of Weinstein functional maximizers or, in other words, existence of extremal functions for the best constant of the Gagliardo–Nirenberg inequality.
The main result is that the supremum of the Weinstein functional on

ℍ
n

{\mathbb{H}^{n}}

is the same as that on

ℝ
n

{\mathbb{R}^{n}}

and the related fact that the said supremum is not attained on

ℍ
n

{\mathbb{H}^{n}}

, when functions are chosen from the Sobolev space

H
1

⁢

(

ℍ
n

)

{H^{1}(\mathbb{H}^{n})}

.
This proves a conjecture made in [8] (see also [3]).
We also prove an analogous version of the conjecture for the Weinstein functional defined with the fractional Laplacian.
A computational approach to Milnor fiber cohomology
Authors: Dimca Alexandru , Sticlaru Gabriel 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In this paper we consider the Milnor fiber F associated to a reduced projective plane curve C. A computational approach for the determination of the characteristic polynomial of the monodromy action on the first cohomology group of F, also known as the Alexander polynomial of the curve C, is presented. This leads to an effective algorithm to detect all the monodromy eigenvalues and, in many cases, explicit bases for the monodromy eigenspaces in terms of polynomial differential forms.
Comparison of enzymatic properties and small molecule inhibition of γ–glutamyltranspeptidases from pathogenic and commensal bacteria
Authors: Bolz Christian , Bach Nina C. , Meyer Hannelore , Müller Gerhard , Dawidowski Maciej , Popowicz Grzegorz , Sieber Stephan A. , Skerra Arne , Gerhard Markus 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori infects the stomach of 50% of the population worldwide, thus causing chronic gastritis. Although this infection can be cured by antibiotic treatment, therapeutic options are increasingly limited due to the development of resistances. The γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase (gGT) of H. pylori (HpgGT) is a virulence factor important for colonization and contributes to bacterial immune evasion. Therefore, this enzyme is a potential target for developing new anti-infectives. As species specificity of such compounds is required in order to avoid off-target or adverse effects, comparative analysis of the gGTs from different organisms is a prerequisite for drug development. To allow detailed biochemical and enzymatic characterization, recombinant gGTs from five different bacteria as well as Homo sapiens were characterized and compared. Investigation of the enzymatic activity, the binding modes of known inhibitors to the catalytic center, and a high resolution X-ray structure of the HpgGT provided a starting point for the identification of new inhibitory substances targeting HpgGT. Inhibitors with K
i values in the nm to mm range were identified and their binding modes were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The results of this study provide a basis for the development of species-specific lead compounds with anti-infective potential by effectively inhibiting HpgGT.
Advances in the design and engineering of peptide-binding repeat proteins
Authors: Ernst Patrick , Plückthun Andreas 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe specific recognition of peptides, which we define to include unstructured regions or denatured forms of proteins, is an intrinsic part of a multitude of biochemical assays and procedures. Many cellular interactions are also based on this principle as well. While it would be highly desirable to have a stockpile of sequence-specific binders for essentially any sequence, ade novoselection of individual binders against every possible target peptide sequence would be rather difficult to reduce to practice. Modular peptide binders could overcome this problem, as preselected and/or predesigned modules could be reused for the generation of new binders and thereby revolutionize the generation of binding proteins. This minireview summarizes advances in the development of peptide binders and possible scaffolds for their design.
A humor typology to identify humor styles used in sitcoms
Authors: Juckel Jennifer , Bellman Steven , Varan Duane 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe sitcom genre is one of the most enduringly popular, yet we still know surprising little about their specific elements. This study aimed to develop a typology of humor techniques that best describe the components comprising the sitcom genre. New original techniques were added to applicable techniques from previous schemes to propose a sitcom-specific humor typology. This typology was tested with another coder for inter-coder reliability, and it was revealed the typology is theoretically sound, practically easy, and reliable. The typology was then used to code four well-known US sitcoms, with the finding that the techniques used aligned with the two most prominent theories of humor – superiority and incongruity.
Die Entwicklung der Unternehmensinvestitionen in Deutschland / Firm Investment Behaviour in Germany
Authors: Dreger Christian , Brautzsch Hans-Ulrich 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Entwicklung der Unternehmensinvestitionen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland für den Zeitraum von 1968 bis 1989 auf der Basis von nicht saisonbereinigten Quartalsdaten. Dabei wird die Technik der saisonalen Kointegration im Rahmen eines multivariaten Fehlerkorrekturmodells angewendet, das neben den Investitionen die Exporte und die Schuldenquote der öffentlichen Haushalte enthält. Sämtliche Variablen sind an der langfristigen Frequenz integriert. Saisonale Einheitswurzeln sind nur für die Investionen und Exporte identifizierbar. Der Kointegrationsvektor an der langfristigen Frequenz macht deutlich, daß steigende Exporte im Gleichgewicht mit wachsenden Investitionen einhergehen. Dagegen wirkt ein Anstieg der Schuldenquote negativ auf die Anlageinvestitionen der Unternehmen. Die kurzfristige Dynamik des Systems wird mit Tests auf schwache Exogenität untersucht. Die Ergebnisse weisen darauf hin, daß die Anpassung an das langfristige Gleichgewicht von allen Variablen getragen wird.
Value-added Tax versus Social Security Contributions / Mehrwertsteuer oder Sozialversicherungsabgaben
Authors: Goerke Laszlo 
Published: September 2016

Summary
In order to alleviate unemployment it is often recommended to reduce social security contributions (SSC) and to compensate for the ensuing loss in revenues by a rise in the value-added tax (VAT). Assuming unemployment to be caused by efficiency wages, it is shown that a balanced-budget shift from a payroll tax to a VAT will increase employment if the rise in the VAT does not alter consumer prices. If the effects of a shift from SSC to the VAT on the worker’s effort are neutralised, for example, by imposing a constant wedge, the employment impact will depend on the nature of the unemployment compensation system.
Zur Approximation der Trend-Zyklus-Komponente am aktuellen Rand einer Zeitreihe / A new Approach to Approximate the Trend-Cyclical-Component at the Current End of a Time Series
Authors: Goldrian Georg , Lehne Birgit 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Es wird ein Tiefpaßfilter vorgestellt, der speziell dafür entworfen wurde, die konjunkturelle Entwicklung am aktuellen Rand einer Zeitreihe nachzuvollziehen. Anhand von Transferfunktionen, praktischen Anwendungen und stochastischen Simulationen werden seine Eigenschaften mit den Eigenschaften des Hodrick-Prescott-Filters und eines gewöhnlichen gleitenden Durchschnitts verglichen. Insbesondere im Rahmen der stochastischen Simulationen zeigt sich die unterschiedliche Leistungsfähigkeit der drei Filter in der Genauigkeit der Approximation künstlich erzeugter Konjunkturkomponenten. Die Untersuchungen kommen zu dem Ergebnis, daß mit dem trigonometrischen Filter das aktuelle Konjunkturbild etwas unverzerrter und zuverlässiger dargestellt wird, als es die beiden Referenzfilter vermögen. Außerdem zeichnet er sich durch vergleichsweise frühe Wendesignale aus. Der neue Filter kann den Konjunkturverlauf noch deutlicher nachvollziehen, wenn er im Wirkungszusammenhang mit der Schätzung einer Saisonkomponente zur Anwendung kommt und damit weniger Störungen von Seiten anderer systematischer Reihenkomponenten unterworfen ist. Zumindest bei Reihen mit nur schwach ausgeprägter irregulärer Bewegung ist ein eindeutiger Vorteil des direkten Blicks auf die Konjunktur gegenüber der undeutlichen Information einer saisonbereinigten Reihe zu konstatieren.
Unterschiedliche Volatilitätsregime am deutschen Rentenmarkt / Different Volatility Regimes on the German Bond Market
Authors: Herwartz Helmut , Reimers Hans-Eggert 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Analyse von täglichen Änderungen der deutschen Umlaufsrendite für festverzinsliche Wertpapiere der öffentlichen Hand zeigt starke Evidenz für eine zeitliche Abhängigkeit in den Varianzen für die Periode Januar 1981 - Juli 1996. Der untersuchte Zeitraum umfaßt die Einführung von Finanzinnovationen, die Interdependenz nationaler Kapitalmärkte und die Bedeutung institutioneller Anleger haben in dieser Zeit zugenommen. Zeitabhängige Varianzen lassen sich durch ein GARCH(1,1)-Modell mit t-verteilten Innovationen darstellen, dessen Parameter allerdings im Zeitablauf nicht stabil sind. Ein Vergleich der implizit ermittelten unbedingten Varianzen für Teilperioden macht deutlich, daß die Volatilität seit Mitte 1988 im Mittel nicht signifikant verschieden ist im Vergleich zur ersten Hälfte des Stichprobenzeitraumes. Zu beobachten ist allerdings ein Anstieg der Varianzuntergrenze der geschätzten Volatilitätspfade seit Mitte 1988.
Raising the Retirement Age – Why Should Anybody Lose? / Anhebung des Rentenzugangsalters – Muss es Verlierer geben?
Authors: Hirte Georg 
Published: September 2016

Summary
This paper questions the view that a rise of the retirement age does not reduce the financial problems of a pay-as-you-go public pension system if individuals receive compensations for additional years spent in the labor force. It is shown that rather utility compensation is required than actuarial compensation. As the former is lower it creates an opportunity to raise the retirement age in a Pareto-improving way. By performing a dynamic CGE analysis for Germany, a compensation scheme is derived which is not only Pareto-improving but leads to a large reduction of the contribution rates.
Gauss and the Method of the Least Squares / Gauß und die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate
Authors: Sheynin Oscar 
Published: September 2016

Summary
The following article describes the history of the discovery of the method of least squares. Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855) developed this method and applied it at first in astronomy and geodesy. In recent time this method became important to the analysis of statistical data in economics and social sciences and to the application of statistical methods in econometrics.
The author describes both justifications of the method and lists several fields where Gauss applied the principle of the yet non-existing method of the least squares before Legendre’a relevant publication of 1805. He also establishes that, contrary to a recently formulated opinion, Gauss had indeed communicated his discovery, again before 1805, to several colleagues.
Zur Problematik der Fixierung auf einzelne statistische Größen in der Wirtschafts- und Finanzpolitik - Dargestellt an der staatlichen Defizitquote / Problems Caused by the Increasing Reliance of Public Economic Policy on a Few Statistical Indicators - Demonstrated at the Public Deficit Ratio
Authors: Brümmerhoff Dieter , Reich Utz-Peter 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Folgen einer zunehmenden Fixierung der Politik auf wenige zentrale Größen. Sie ruft verstärkt Fragen der Genauigkeit finanzpolitischer Daten in den Volkswirtschaftlichen Gesamtrechnungen vor dem Hintergrund des Adäquationsproblems hervor. Dies wird anhand der staatlichen Defizitquote behandelt. Im Mittelpunkt stehen einzelne umstrittene Verbuchungsfragen, die mit der zeitlichen und sektoralen Zuordnung von Strömen verbunden sind. Ferner wird die mögliche missbräuchliche Verwendung des Rechnungssystems erörtert.
Classification of West German Business Cycles 1955-1994 / Klassifikation westdeutscher Konjunkturzyklen 1955 - 1994
Authors: Heilemann Ullrich , Münch Heinz Josef 
Published: September 2016

Summary
This paper applies multivariate linear discriminant analysis to classify West German business cycles from 1955 to 1994 into a four phase scheme (upswing, downswing, and upper/lower turning point phases). It describes the scheme as well as the selection of the classifying variables, and presents classification results for various sample periods confirming the four phase scheme. Special attention is given to changes of the explanatory power of the variables and its implication for changes of cycle patterns. While for the 1963/94 period the results display all in all much stability, the 1955/62 period does not fit into this pattern, indicating a change of regime which might even reach into the fourth cycle (1963-1967).
Carl Menger und die Wettbewerbstheorie / Carl Menger and the Theory of Competition
Authors: Mantzavinos C. 
Published: September 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die herausragende Stellung Carl Mengers in der Volkswirtschaftslehre wird in dogmenhistorischen Studien hauptsächlich darin gesehen, daß er den entscheidenden Schritt in Richtung einer subjektivistisch fundierten Erklärung des Wertes unternommen hat. Das Hauptziel dieses Aufsatzes ist es zu zeigen, inwiefern in seinem Werk darüber hinaus auch Ansatzpunkte vorhanden sind, die für das moderne Wettbewerbsverständnis theoretisch relevant sind und Menger außer als Preistheoretiker auch als Wettbewerbstheoretiker erscheinen lassen können. Es wird gezeigt, daß alle fünf wichtigen Elemente der modernen Wettbewerbstheorie in mehr oder weniger entwickelter Form in Mengers Werk zu finden sind: der prozessuale Charakter des Wettbewerbs, die Vielfalt an Wettbewerbsparametern, die Wissensproblematik, die Bedeutung der Zeit und der Wachstumsaspekte.
Numerical solution of an ill-posed Cauchy problem for a quasilinear parabolic equation using a Carleman weight function
Authors: Klibanov Michael V. , Koshev Nikolaj A. , Li Jingzhi , Yagola Anatoly G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe solve numerically the side Cauchy problem for a 1-D parabolic equation. The initial condition is unknown. This is an ill-posed problem. The main difference with previous results is that our equation is quasilinear, whereas known publications on this topic work only with linear PDEs. The key idea is to minimize a weighted Tikhonov functional with the Carleman Weight Function (CWF) in it. Roughly, given a reasonable bounded set of any size in a reasonable Hilbert space, one can choose the parameter of the CWF in such a way that this functional becomes strictly convex on that set.
Modeling and Performance Analysis of 10 Gbps Inter-satellite Optical Wireless Communication Link
Authors: Singh Mehtab 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFree-space optical (FSO) communication has the advantages of two of the most predominant data transmission technologies – optical fiber communication and wireless communication. Most of the technical aspects of FSO are similar to that of optical fiber communication, with major difference in the information signal propagation medium which is free space in case of FSO rather than silica glass in optical fiber communication. One of the most important applications of FSO is inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) links which will be deployed in the future in space. The IsOWC links have many advantages over the previously existing microwave satellite communication technologies such as higher bandwidth, lower power consumption, low cost of implementation, light size, and weight. In this paper, modeling and performance analysis of a 10-Gbps inter-satellite communication link with two satellites separated at a distance of 1,200 km has been done using OPTISYSTEM simulation software. Performance has been analyzed on the basis of quality factor, signal to noise ratio (SNR), and total power of the received signal.
What we talk about when we talk about biolinguistics
Authors: Martins Pedro Tiago , Boeckx Cedric 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe study of the biological foundations of language is sometimes calledbiolinguistics. This particular term finds its historical origins in the 1950s, and for various reasons it has also gained considerable traction in recent years. While its increasing use apparently signals an equally increasing interest in biology, apart from a few exceptions not much is added to and beyond standard linguistic theorizing by those linguists who use it, resulting in a complex and confusing literature. This state of affairs has led, on the one hand, to the perpetuation of proposals that are hard to relate to the biological literature and, on the other, to ill-placed criticism on the progress and even the very legitimacy of a biologically-informed study of language. By reviewing different ways in which research under the biolinguistics label has been carried out, as well as some common criticisms, we hope to dispel some misconceptions about what constitutes a biolinguistic approach, as well as point out what we contend is real progress in the study of the biological bases and evolution of the human language faculty, to which the term is better and rightly applied.
The Right to Health: Sri Lankan Migrant Domestic Workers in the GCC
Authors: Shlala Elizabeth H. , Jayaweera Hiranthi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAccess to health care represents an important juncture between domestic labor migration and human rights in the GCC. The notions of “ambivalence” and legal hybridity shed light on how health care access is limited for migrant domestic workers, and why the legal framework is not enforced. Our research reveals that the lack of access to health care under the
From Narrating the Self to Posting Self(ies): A Small Stories Approach to Selfies
Authors: Georgakopoulou Alexandra 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Selfies have by now earned a prominent place in the diverse forms of self-representation on social
media. In sociolinguistic terms, they have been undergoing a process of enregisterment (Agha 2005), as
attested to in moral panics in public discussions and in a developing selfie-related lexicon. A phenomenon
worthy of study then, yet largely unexplored, particularly within discourse and sociolinguistic perspectives
on identities (possibly due to the selfie’s visual nature). My aim in this article is to venture (and justify)
a ‘claiming’ of selfies by small stories. Selfies present the semiotic hallmarks of small stories, as I will
show, and so they constitute valuable ‘data’, the study of which can benefit from small stories inquiry
into genres as communicative and social practices on social media. Small stories apparatus is well-suited
to selfie analysis: it has been specifically developed to account for genres that challenge the assumptions
and modes of analysis of conventional narrative and life writing studies. Using data of selfie postings by
adolescent women on FB, I will show how within a small stories framework, far from being narcissistic
expressions of ‘ideal selves’, selfies emerge as contextualized and co-constructed presentations of self,
shaped by media affordances.
Anthroposemiotics of literature: The cultural nature
Authors: Taha Ibrahim 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Semiotics is not merely about knowledge but primarily about knowing. Representation is about knowledge while literature as a semiotic medium is about modeling. Modeling is not a technique used by writers to represent the world but a target meant to show the way the writer models the world so that the reader responds accordingly and offers her/his own model. Knowing as semiosis is produced from such a kind of comparison between the two models. Meaning itself, knowledge, does not interest semioticians, whose concern is rather with the way it is produced. Literature teaches us how to learn more about our nature. Literature trains our natural faculties of modeling. All possible fragments of knowledge we may get from a literary text and the cognitive and emotional responses they provoke are only parts of a whole. They are associated with the mega-meaning of literature. In literature, knowing stands for mega-meaning, whereby it becomes an anthroposemiotic concept. In this paper, I hope to contribute to the new wave of interest in the natural linkage between anthroposemiotics and literary study through three major possible epistemologies tightening the linkage between both fields: evolutionary epistemology, emotional and cognitive activities, and cultural, including social and historical, conventions. All of these three levels conduct some kind of communication and naturally work together in harmony.