bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oued Bouhlou: A new hope for the Moroccan pearl mussel
Authors: Sousa Ronaldo , Teixeira Amílcar , Santos André , Benaissa Hassan , Varandas Simone , Ghamizi Mohamed , Prié Vincent , Froufe Elsa , Lopes‐Lima Manuel 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

The freshwater pearl mussel Margaritifera marocana (Pallary, ) is an endemic species of Morocco being listed as critically endangered and it stands among the world's 100 most threatened species. An extensive survey was performed in the Sebou basin (total area of approximately 40,000 km2), covering 26 different sites. Margaritifera marocana was found only in four sites limited to a small tributary (Oued (=River) Bouhlou).
This population has a very restricted distribution (no more than 4 km of river length) but appears stable with recent recruitment, since small specimens were found.
Genetic analyses were performed, showing that this population has a similar diversity to that found in the River Laabid (Oum Er Rbia basin), but represents a distinct conservation unit that should be managed independently.
Although this study adds a new population to the current known distribution of M. marocana, urgent conservation measures (e.g. extension of the Tazzekka National Park; better management of river flow; increase of the riparian vegetation in some stretches; establishment of national and international legislation, and engagement of local citizens) are needed given the species' restricted distribution, its rarity, and the numerous threats that impair its future survival.
Earliest Phase of Systemic Sclerosis Typified by Increased Levels of Inflammatory Proteins in the Serum
Authors: Cossu Marta , van Bon Lenny , Preti Carlo , Rossato Marzia , Beretta Lorenzo , Radstake Timothy R. D. J. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivePatients with definite systemic sclerosis (SSc) who lack fibrotic features can be stratified into an intermediate stage of disease severity between preclinical/earlySSc (EaSSc) and fibrotic subsets (limited cutaneousSSc [lcSSc] and diffuse cutaneousSSc [dcSSc]). The aim of the present study was to molecularly characterize nonfibroticSSc and EaSSc on the basis of a broad panel of serum markers of inflammation and tissue damage, in order to increase the knowledge of the pathophysiologic mechanisms underlyingSSc progression before the development of fibrosis.MethodsAn 88‐plex immunoassay was performed in serum samples from a discovery cohort composed of 21 patients with EaSSc (meeting the LeRoy and Medsger criteria), 15 with nonfibroticSSc (meeting the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism 2013 classification criteria, without skin or lung fibrosis), and 11 healthy controls. Analyte concentrations that were consistently significantly different at the exploratoryPvalue threshold of 0.1 were selected for replication analysis in a larger group composed of 47 patients with EaSSc, 48 with nonfibroticSSc, and 43 healthy controls, as well as 51 patients with lcSSc and 35 with dcSSc. The value of the replicated molecules in predictingSSc progression (at a family‐wise error rate of 0.05) was tested.ResultsBased on the results of the explorative analysis, 16 molecules were selected for testing in the replication set. The results showed thatCXCL10,CXCL11, tumor necrosis factor receptor typeII(TNFRII), and chitinase 3–like protein 1 levels were significantly increased in patients with EaSSc and those with nonfibroticSSc as compared to healthy controls. The disease in patients with high concentrations ofCXCL10 andTNFRIIwas also characterized by a faster rate of progression from EaSSc and from nonfibroticSSc to worse disease stages.ConclusionSSc patients with preclinical/earlySSc and those with established, yet nonfibrotic, disease exhibit clear molecular alterations that are associated with faster rates of disease evolution. These data open novel avenues for disease interception inSSc.
Lupus‐Associated Functional Polymorphism in PNP Causes Cell Cycle Abnormalities and Interferon Pathway Activation in Human Immune Cells
Authors: Ghodke‐Puranik Yogita , Dorschner Jessica M. , Vsetecka Danielle M. , Amin Shreyasee , Makol Ashima , Ernste Floranne , Osborn Thomas , Moder Kevin , Chowdhary Vaidehi , Eliopoulos Elias , Zervou Maria I. , Goulielmos George N. , Jensen Mark A. , Niewold Timothy B. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is frequently characterized by activation of the type I interferon (IFN) pathway. We previously observed that a missense single‐nucleotide polymorphism (rs1049564) in the purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) gene was associated with high levels of IFN in SLE. PNP is a key enzyme involved in purine metabolism. In this study, we performed functional follow‐up of this polymorphism in human cells.MethodsType I IFN was measured in patient sera, using a reporter cell assay. Structural modeling of the PNP variant was performed using PyMOL software. PNP messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels and type I IFN–induced gene expression were measured in lymphoblastoid cell lines with known PNP rs1049564 genotypes. The cell cycle was assayed using flow cytometry.ResultsStructural modeling indicated no major disruption in folding related to rs1049564. We observed that homozygous rs1049564 TT lymphoblastoid cells had decreased PNP mRNA expression and protein levels, and that cells with the TT genotype had reduced PNP enzymatic activity even when the amount of PNP was controlled. Cells with the TT genotype had a 2‐fold increase in S‐phase block as compared with cells with the homozygous CC phenotype. The S‐phase block could be pharmacologically reversed with hypoxanthine and adenosine, supporting the notion that relative PNP deficiency is the cause of the S‐phase block. Type I IFN–induced transcripts were increased in a dose‐response manner related to the rs1049564 T allele, at both baseline and after type I IFN stimulation.ConclusionThe PNP rs1049564 T allele is a loss‐of‐function variant that induces S‐phase block and IFN pathway activation in lymphocytes. The S‐phase block could be rescued in our in vitro experiments, suggesting the potential for personalized treatment.
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for initially unresectable intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Le Roy B , Gelli M , Pittau G , Allard M -A , Pereira B , Serji B , Vibert E , Castaing D , Adam R , Cherqui D , Sa Cunha A 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Locoregional extension of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) at the time of diagnosis results in a low resectability rate and poor prognosis. The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced ICC.

Methods
All consecutive patients with ICC between 2000 and 2013 were included prospectively in a single-centre database and analysed retrospectively. Patients with locally advanced ICC considered as initially unresectable received primary chemotherapy, followed by surgery in those with secondary resectability. Results of patients who underwent surgery for locally advanced ICC were compared with those of patients with initially resectable ICC treated by surgery alone.

Results
A total of 186 patients were included in the study. Of 74 patients with locally advanced ICC, 39 (53 per cent) underwent secondary resection after a median of six chemotherapy cycles. Patients in this group were younger (P = 0·030) and had more advanced disease than those who had surgery alone, and presented more frequently with lymphadenopathy (P = 0·010) and vascular invasion (P = 0·010). Postoperative morbidity and mortality were no different between the groups. The median survival of patients who had surgery after chemotherapy was 24·1 months, and that of patients who had surgery alone was 25·7 months (P = 0·391).

Conclusion
Patients with locally advanced ICC treated by surgery following neoadjuvant chemotherapy had similar short- and long-term results to patients with initially resectable ICC who had surgery alone. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for locally advanced ICC may be an effective downstaging option, facilitating secondary resectability in patients with initially unresectable disease.
“Life's hurried tangled road”: A therapeutic jurisprudence analysis of why dedicated counsel must be assigned to represent persons with mental disabilities in community settings
Authors: Lynch Alison J. , Perlin Michael L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe right to counsel is a fundamental right for individuals facing criminal processes and involuntary civil commitment. However, individuals with serious mental illnesses are subject to many community proceedings (e.g., being taken by law enforcement to a crisis drop‐off center) where counsel is not available. We argue that, unless meaningful counsel is provided in such situations, the cycle of arrest, hospitalization, and stays in the community will continue for these individuals, who are among some of the most disenfranchised citizens in the nation and are often without any meaningful voice.
Media Coverage, Public Awareness and State Intervention in Child Abuse in China – An Analysis of High‐Profile Cases
Authors: Qiao Dong Ping , Whittaker Andrew Jonathan , Zhang Tong 
Published: August 2017

Key Practitioner Messages

Child abuse is a complex social problem that is often deeply rooted in the cultural, economic and social practices of the country in which it exists.
Child abuse in China is understood as deliberate and harmful acts, while many Western societies also include acts of omission such as neglect.
There is a complex relationship between public awareness, media coverage and state intervention.
‘A complex relationship between public awareness, media coverage and state intervention’
Mental disorder and victimisation in prison: Examining the role of mental health treatment
Authors: Daquin Jane C. , Daigle Leah E. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundThere is evidence that people with mental disorders are at increased risk of victimisation in prison. It is unclear whether this risk of victimisation varies across types of disorders or symptoms and what role mental health treatment has on victimisation risk in this context.AimsTo examine the relationship between specific mental disorders, psychiatric symptoms, and victimisation in prison and the effect of treatment for the disorders on victimisation risk.MethodsUsing a nationally‐representative sample of prisoners, path analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between mental disorder and victimisation. The analyses also examined whether receiving mental health treatment in prison affected any such relationship.ResultsVictimisation risk varied with the type of mental disorder or symptoms. Depression, personality disorder, hopelessness, paranoia, and hallucinations were associated with increased victimisation risk. Psychotic illnesses were otherwise negatively associated with victimisation. Receiving mental health treatment in prison was associated with greater risk of victimisation there. Receiving treatment appeared to mediate the relationship between mental disorders, symptoms, and victimisation.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that not all inmates with mental disorders are at an increased risk of victimisation. Further, mental health treatment in prison also appears to be a risk factor of victimisation. More research is needed to further elucidate the relationship between mental disorders, treatment, and victimisation. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Metalloradical Reactivity of RuI and Ru0 Stabilized by an Indole‐Based Tripodal Tetraphosphine Ligand
Authors: van de Watering Fenna F. , van der Vlugt Jarl Ivar , Dzik Wojciech I. , de Bruin Bas , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe tripodal, tetradentate tris(1‐(diphenylphosphanyl)‐3‐methyl‐1H‐indol‐2‐yl)phosphane PP3‐ligand 1 stabilizes Ru in the RuII, RuI, and Ru0 oxidation states. The octahedral [(PP3)RuII(Cl)2] (2), distorted trigonal bipyramidal [(PP3)RuI(Cl)] (3), and trigonal bipyramidal [(PP3)Ru0(N2)] (4) complexes were isolated and characterized by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, NMR, EPR, IR, and ESI‐MS. Both open‐shell metalloradical RuI complex 3 and the closed‐shell Ru0 complex 4 undergo facile (net) abstraction of a Cl atom from dichloromethane, resulting in formation of the corresponding RuII and RuI complexes 2 and 3, respectively.
Metal‐Containing Polymers as Light‐Emitting and Light‐Responsive Materials and Beyond
Authors: Mauro Matteo , Bellemin‐Laponnaz Stéphane , Cebrián Cristina 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFunctional materials that respond to external stimuli are of major current interest. In particular, supramolecular systems that can interact with their surroundings, adapt to environmental changes and evolve with are even more fascinating, yet challenging. Combining the rich physico‐chemical properties featured by metal centres with characteristics typical of classical organic polymers, metallopolymers or metallo‐supramolecular polymers can be prepared, depending on their static versus dynamic structural features. Additionally, multiple and orthogonal functionalities can be encoded in their chemical structure affording materials with widespread potential applications to be employed as “smart” materials for advanced technologies. In this Concept article, selected examples of metal‐containing polymers will be described demonstrating large potentialities of such systems for creating stimuli‐responsive materials with special emphasis for those showing optical applications.
Charge Control in Model Catalysis: The Decisive Role of the Oxide–Nanoparticle Interface
Authors: Schneider Wolf‐Dieter , Heyde Markus , Freund Hans‐Joachim 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn chemistry and physics the electronic charge on a species or material is one important determinant of its properties. In the present Minireview, the essential requirements for a model catalyst system suitable to study charge control are discussed. The ideal model catalyst for this purpose consists of a material system, which comprises a single crystal metal support, covered by an epitaxially grown ultrathin oxide film, and flat, two‐dimensional nanoparticles residing on this film. Several examples from the literature are selected and presented, which illustrate various aspects of electron transport from the support to the nanoparticle and vice versa. Key experiments demonstrate charge control within such model catalysts and give direct evidence for a chemical reaction at the perimeter of Au nanoparticles. The concepts derived from these studies are then taken a step further to see how they may be applied for bulk powder oxide supported nanoparticles as they are frequently found in catalytically active materials.
Fullerene Cluster Assisted Self‐Assembly of Short DNA Strands into Semiconducting Nanowires
Authors: Vittala Sandeepa Kulala , Saraswathi Sajena Kanangat , Joseph Joshy 
Published: August 2017

AbstractProgrammable, hierarchical assembly of DNA nanostructures with precise organisation of functional components have been demonstrated previously with tiled assembly and DNA origami. However, building organised nanostructures with random oligonucleotide strands remains as an elusive problem. Herein, a simple and general strategy, in which nanoclusters of a fullerene derivative act as stapler motifs in bringing ordered nanoscale assembly of short oligonucleotide duplexes into micrometre‐sized nanowires, is described. In this approach, the fullerene derivative, by virtue of its amphiphilic structure and unique hydrophobic–hydrophilic balance, pre‐assembles to form 3–5 nm sized clusters in a mixture of DMSO–phosphate buffer, which further assists the assembly of DNA strands. The optimum cluster size, availability of DNA anchoring motifs and the nature of the DNA strands controls the structure of these nanomaterials. Furthermore, horizontal conductivity measurements through conductive AFM confirmed the charge transport properties of these nanowires. The current strategy could be employed to organise random DNA duplexes and tiles into functional nanostructures, and hence, open up new avenues in DNA nanotechnology.
Photoswitchable Carbohydrate‐Based Macrocyclic Azobenzene: Synthesis, Chiroptical Switching, and Multistimuli‐Responsive Self‐Assembly
Authors: Lin Chaoqi , Maisonneuve Stéphane , Métivier Rémi , Xie Juan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA one‐pot O‐alkylation mediated macrocyclization approach has been used for the synthesis of carbohydrate‐based macrocyclic azobenzene. The synthesized macrocycle can be reversibly isomerized between E and Z isomers upon UV or visible irradiation with excellent photostability and thermal stability (t1/2=51 days at 20 °C for the Z isomer). A chirality transfer from the chiral sugar unit to azobenzene was observed by circular dichroism (CD). DFT and TD‐DFT calculations were performed to calculate the optimal geometry and the theoretical absorption and CD spectra. Comparison of the experimental CD spectra with the theoretical ones suggests that both E‐ and Z‐macrocycles adopt preferentially P‐helicity for the azobenzene moiety. Furthermore, the macrocycle showed gelation ability in cyclohexane and ethanol with multistimuli‐responsive behavior upon exposure to environmental stimuli including thermal‐, photo‐, and mechanical responses. Moreover, these organogels display temperature‐dependent helical inversion, which can be tuned by a repeated heating–cooling procedure.
Pyroglutamate‐Modified Amyloid β (11‐ 40) Fibrils Are More Toxic than Wildtype Fibrils but Structurally Very Similar
Authors: Scheidt Holger A. , Adler Juliane , Zeitschel Ulrike , Höfling Corinna , Korn Alexander , Krueger Martin , Roßner Steffen , Huster Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe morphology, structure, and dynamics of mature amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils formed by the Aβ variant, which is truncated at residue 11 and chemically modified by enzymatic pyroglutamate formation (pGlu11‐Aβ(11–40)), was studied along with the investigation of the toxicity of these Aβ variants to neurons and astrocytes. The fibrils of pGlu11‐Aβ (11–40) were more toxic than wildtype Aβ (1–40) and the longer pGlu3‐Aβ (3–40) especially at higher concentration, whereas the overall morphology was quite similar. The secondary structure of pGlu11‐Aβ (11–40) fibrils shows the typical two β‐strands connected by a short turn as known for mature fibrils of Aβ (1–40) and also pGlu3‐Aβ (3–40). Further insights into tertiary contacts exhibit some similarities of pGlu11‐Aβ (11–40) fibrils with wildtype Aβ (1–40), but also a so far not described contact between Gly25 and Ile31. This highlights the biological importance of chemical modifications on the molecular structure of Aβ.
Circular dichroism spectroscopy and DFT calculations in determining absolute configuration and E/Z isomers of conjugated oximes
Authors: Rode Joanna E. , Frelek Jadwiga 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe primary purpose of this work was to demonstrate the suitability of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in stereochemical studies of α,β‐unsaturated oximes, with particular emphasis on determination of E and Z geometry of the oxime double bond. As models for this study, O‐phenyl and O‐triphenylmethyl (trityl) oximes of 4‐hydroxy‐2‐methylcyclopent‐2‐en‐1‐one were selected. These model compounds differ in both absolute configuration at C4 carbon atom and E‐Z configuration of the oxime double bond. The basic dichroic technique applied was electronic circular dichroism (ECD) assisted by quantum‐chemical calculations and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) for selected cases. Such an approach enabled effective implementation of both goals. Thus, we were able to associate the signs of Cotton effects in the range of 190–240 nm with the absolute configuration at C4 and within 240–300 nm with the E‐ or Z‐geometry of the oxime double bond. Within this work, optical activity of the protecting trityl group was also studied towards formation of the propeller‐shaped conformations by using the same combined CD/DFT methodology. As shown, the helical structure of the trityl group has a considerable influence on the ECD spectra. However, the MPM and PMP conformers of the trityl group are in fact almost equally populated in the conformational equilibrium, making it impossible to distinguish them. On the other hand, rotamers of the hydroxyl group at C4 show a decisive impact on the VCD spectra in both phenoxy and trityl oximes.
Valency Control and Functional Synergy in DNA‐Bonded Nanomolecules
Authors: Song Lei , Deng Zhaoxiang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe rapid development of DNA nanotechnology has enabled a precise organization of nanoscale matter with ultimate structural programmability. In particular, DNA‐bonded discrete nanoparticle assemblies (“nanomolecules”) have the potential to allow sophisticated functional realizations of inorganic nanomaterials via molecule‐like structural controls. Such an ambitious goal may gradually become achievable, encouraged by recent advancements in related fields. Two key issues must first be solved in order to realize such a goal: valency control over DNA bonding and strong coupling among DNA‐bonded functional units. The former allows a directional bonding of a nanoparticle to a defined number of partners, and the latter confers a functional synergy among self‐assembled materials to meet specific applications. This review introduces recent methodological breakthroughs to address the above issues, and discusses the short‐ and long‐term bottlenecks in the pursuit of nanoparticle “molecules” with highly engineered structures and functions.
Correspondence analysis of color–emotion associations
Authors: Hanada Mitsuhiko 
Published: August 2017

AbstractEmotions are often associated with colors, but what mediates color–emotion associations is not fully understood. This study examined associations between colors and emotions using correspondence analysis. The hypothesis that emotions are associated with colors through the correspondence between the hue circle and the circumplex model of emotion/affect was tested. Participants viewed 40 colors and reported a word that expressed an emotion that they associated with or felt in response to each color. Participants' responses were aggregated into a contingency table of colors and emotion words, and a correspondence analysis was conducted. An eight‐dimensional biplot was obtained. The first and second dimensions were related to hue, and the hue configuration was similar to colors' spectral trajectory in the CIE xy space or the CIELAB a*b* color space. The configuration of emotions was not consistent with the circumplex model of emotion, which rejected the above hypothesis. The associations in dimensions 1 and 2 appeared to be mediated by the perceived temperature of colors and emotions. In dimensions 3–6, dimensions that seemed to reflect secondary associations based on cultural convention or personal experiences (such as white with emotionless and purity and blue with depression) were obtained. These results also demonstrated the usefulness of correspondence analysis for analyzing color–emotion associations due to its ability to reveal the underlying statistical structure of associations.