bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PLK1 protects against sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction
Authors: Cao Yingya , Chen Qun , Wang Zhen , Yu Tao , Wu Jingyi , Jiang Xiaogan , Jin Xiaoju , Lu Weihua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSepsis and sepsis-associated intestinal barrier dysfunction are common in intensive care units, with high mortality. The aim of this study is to investigate whether Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) ameliorates sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction in the intestinal epithelium. The mouse intestinal barrier was disrupted after Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection due to intestinal epithelial cell apoptosis and proliferation inhibition, accompanied by decreased PLK1. In HT-29 intestinal epithelial cells, LPS stimulation induced cell apoptosis and inhibited cell proliferation. Overexpression of PLK1 partly rescued the apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in HT29 cells caused by LPS. Finally, LPS stimulation promoted the reduction of PLK1, resulting in apoptosis and proliferation inhibition in intestinal epithelial cells, disrupting the intestinal epithelial barrier. These findings indicate that PLK1 might be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of sepsis-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction.
Defects in the mitochondrial-tRNA modification enzymes MTO1 and GTPBP3 promote different metabolic reprogramming through a HIF-PPARγ-UCP2-AMPK axis
Authors: Boutoual Rachid , Meseguer Salvador , Villarroya Magda , Martín-Hernández Elena , Errami Mohammed , Martín Miguel A. , Casado Marta , Armengod M.-Eugenia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHuman proteins MTO1 and GTPBP3 are thought to jointly catalyze the modification of the wobble uridine in mitochondrial tRNAs. Defects in each protein cause infantile hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with lactic acidosis. However, the underlying mechanisms are mostly unknown. Using fibroblasts from an MTO1 patient and MTO1 silenced cells, we found that the MTO1 deficiency is associated with a metabolic reprogramming mediated by inactivation of AMPK, down regulation of the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) and transcription factor PPARγ, and activation of the hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1). As a result, glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are uncoupled, while fatty acid metabolism is altered, leading to accumulation of lipid droplets in MTO1 fibroblasts. Unexpectedly, this response is different from that triggered by the GTPBP3 defect, as GTPBP3-depleted cells exhibit AMPK activation, increased levels of UCP2 and PPARγ, and inactivation of HIF-1. In addition, fatty acid oxidation and respiration are stimulated in these cells. Therefore, the HIF-PPARγ-UCP2-AMPK axis is operating differently in MTO1- and GTPBP3-defective cells, which strongly suggests that one of these proteins has an additional role, besides mitochondrial-tRNA modification. This work provides new and useful information on the molecular basis of the MTO1 and GTPBP3 defects and on putative targets for therapeutic intervention.
150,000-year palaeoclimate record from northern Ethiopia supports early, multiple dispersals of modern humans from Africa
Authors: Lamb Henry F. , Bates C. Richard , Bryant Charlotte L. , Davies Sarah J. , Huws Dei G. , Marshall Michael H. , Roberts Helen M. , Toland Harry 
Published: January 2018

AbstractClimatic change is widely acknowledged to have played a role in the dispersal of modern humans out of Africa, but the timing is contentious. Genetic evidence links dispersal to climatic change ~60,000 years ago, despite increasing evidence for earlier modern human presence in Asia. We report a deep seismic and near-continuous core record of the last 150,000 years from Lake Tana, Ethiopia, close to early modern human fossil sites and to postulated dispersal routes. The record shows varied climate towards the end of the penultimate glacial, followed by an abrupt change to relatively stable moist climate during the last interglacial. These conditions could have favoured selection for behavioural versatility, population growth and range expansion, supporting models of early, multiple dispersals of modern humans from Africa.
Dynamic cellular maps of molecular species: Application to drug-target interactions
Authors: García Carolina , Losada Alejandro , Sacristán Miguel A. , Martínez-Leal Juan Fernando , Galmarini Carlos M. , Lillo M. Pilar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe design of living cell studies aimed at deciphering the mechanism of action of drugs targeting proteins with multiple functions, expressed in a wide range of concentrations and cellular locations, is a real challenge. We recently showed that the antitumor drug plitidepsin (APL) localizes sufficiently close to the elongation factor eEF1A2 so as to suggest the formation of drug-protein complexes in living cells. Here we present an extension of our previous micro-spectroscopy study, that combines Generalized Polarization (GP) images, with the phasor approach and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM), using a 7-aminocoumarin drug analog (APL*) as fluorescence tracer. Using the proposed methodology, we were able to follow in real time the formation and relative distribution of two sets of APL-target complexes in live cells, revealing two distinct patterns of behavior for HeLa-wt and APL resistant HeLa-APL-R cells. The information obtained may complement and facilitate the design of new experiments and the global interpretation of the results obtained with other biochemical and cell biology methods, as well as possibly opening new avenues of study to decipher the mechanism of action of new drugs.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rodriguez Alexander J. , Mousa Aya , Ebeling Peter R. , Scott David , de Courten Barbora 
Published: January 2018

AbstractVitamin D is reported to have anti-inflammatory properties; however the effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammation in patients with heart failure (HF) have not been established. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis examining effects of vitamin D supplementation on inflammatory markers in patients with HF. MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, All EBM, and Clinical Trials registries were systematically searched for RCTs from inception to 25 January 2017. Two independent reviewers screened all full text articles (no date or language limits) for RCTs reporting effects of vitamin D supplementation (any form, route, duration, and co-supplementation) compared with placebo or usual care on inflammatory markers in patients with heart failure. Two reviewers assessed risk of bias and quality using the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluation approach. Seven studies met inclusion criteria and six had data available for pooling (n = 1012). In meta-analyses, vitamin D-supplemented groups had lower concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) at follow-up compared with controls (n = 380; p = 0.04). There were no differences in C-reactive protein (n = 231), interleukin (IL)-10 (n = 247) or IL-6 (n = 154) between vitamin D and control groups (all p > 0.05). Our findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may have specific, but modest effects on inflammatory markers in HF.
Performance of Low-Income Dual Language Learners Attending English-Only Schools on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish
Authors: Barragan Beatriz , Castilla-Earls Anny , Martinez-Nieto Lourdes , Restrepo M. Adelaida , Gray Shelley 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The aim of this study was to examine the performance of a group of Spanish-speaking, dual language learners (DLLs) who were attending English-only schools and came from low-income and low-parental education backgrounds on the Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals–Fourth Edition, Spanish (CELF-4S; Semel, Wiig, & Secord, 2006).

Method

Spanish-speaking DLLs (
N
= 656), ages 5;0 (years;months) to 7;11, were tested for language impairment (LI) using the core language score of the CELF-4S and the English Structured Photographic Expressive Language Test (Dawson, Stout, & Eyer, 2003). A subsample (
n
= 299) was additionally tested using a Spanish language sample analysis and a newly developed Spanish morphosyntactic measure, for identification of children with LI and to conduct a receiver operating characteristics curve analysis.

Results

Over 50% of the sample scored more than 1
SD
below the mean on the core language score. In our subsample, the sensitivity of the CELF-4S was 94%, and specificity was 65%, using a cutoff score of 85 as suggested in the manual. Using an empirically derived cutoff score of 78, the sensitivity was 86%, and the specificity was 80%.

Conclusions
Results suggest that the CELF-4S overidentifies low-income Spanish–English DLLs attending English-only schools as presenting with LI. For this sample, 1 in every 3 Latino children from low socioeconomic status was incorrectly identified with LI. Clinicians should be cautious when using the CELF-4S to evaluate low-income Spanish–English DLLs and ensure that they have converging evidence before making diagnostic decisions.
Dust models compatible with Planck intensity and polarization data in translucent lines of sight
Authors: Guillet V. , Fanciullo L. , Verstraete L. , Boulanger F. , Jones A. P. , Miville-Deschênes M.-A. , Ysard N. , Levrier F. , Alves M. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Current dust models are challenged by the dust properties inferred from the analysis of Planck observations in total and polarized emission.
Aims. We propose new dust models compatible with polarized and unpolarized data in extinction and emission for translucent lines of sight (0.5 < AV < 2.5).
Methods. We amended the DustEM tool to model polarized extinction and emission. We fit the spectral dependence of the mean extinction, polarized extinction, total and polarized spectral energy distributions (SEDs) with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, astrosilicate and amorphous carbon (a-C) grains. The astrosilicate population is aligned along the magnetic field lines, while the a-C population may be aligned or not.
Results. With their current optical properties, oblate astrosilicate grains are not emissive enough to reproduce the emission to extinction polarization ratio P353∕pV derived with Planck data. Successful models are those using prolate astrosilicate grains with an elongation a∕b = 3 and an inclusion of 20% porosity. The spectral dependence of the polarized SED is steeper in our models than in the data. Models perform slightly better when a-C grains are aligned. A small (6%) volume inclusion of a-C in the astrosilicate matrix removes the need for porosity and perfect grain alignment, and improves the fit to the polarized SED.
Conclusions. Dust models based on astrosilicates can be reconciled with Planck data by adapting the shape of grains and adding inclusions of porosity or a-C in the astrosilicate matrix.
Short-term variability and mass loss in Be stars
Authors: Baade D. , Pigulski A. , Rivinius Th. , Carciofi A. C. , Panoglou D. , Ghoreyshi M. R. , Handler G. , Kuschnig R. , Moffat A. F. J. , Pablo H. , Popowicz A. , Wade G. A. , Weiss W. W. , Zwintz K. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Be stars are important reference laboratories for the investigation of viscous Keplerian discs. In some cases, the disc feeder mechanism involves a combination of non-radial pulsation (NRP) modes.
Aims. We seek to understand whether high-cadence photometry can shed further light on the role of NRP modes in facilitating rotation-supported mass loss.
Methods. The BRITE-Constellation of nanosatellites obtained mmag photometry of 28 Cygni for 11 months in 2014–2016. We added observations with the Solar Mass Ejection Imager (SMEI) in 2003–2010 and 118 Hα line profiles, half of which were from 2016.
Results. For decades, 28 Cyg has exhibited four large-amplitude frequencies: two closely spaced frequencies of spectroscopically confirmed g modes near 1.5 c/d, one slightly lower exophotospheric (Štefl) frequency, and at 0.05 c/d the difference (Δ) frequency between the two g modes. This top-level framework is indistinguishable from η Cen (Paper I), which is also very similar in spectral type, rotation rate, and viewing angle. The circumstellar (Štefl) frequency alone does not seem to be affected by the Δ frequency. The amplitude of the Δ frequency undergoes large variations; around maximum the amount of near-circumstellar matter is increased and the amplitude of the Štefl frequency grows by a factor of a few. During such brightenings dozens of transient spikes appear in the frequency spectrum; these spikes are concentrated into three groups. Only 11 frequencies were common to all years of BRITE observations.
Conclusions. Be stars seem to be controlled by several coupled clocks, most of which are not very regular on timescales of weeks to months but function for decades. The combination of g modes to the slow Δ variability and/or the atmospheric response to it appears significantly non-linear. As in η Cen, the Δ variability seems to be mainly responsible for the modulation of the star-to-disc mass transfer in 28 Cyg. A hierarchical set of Δ frequencies may reach the longest known timescales of the Be phenomenon.
Characterization of Omega-WINGS galaxy clusters
Authors: Cariddi S. , D’Onofrio M. , Fasano G. , Poggianti B. M. , Moretti A. , Gullieuszik M. , Bettoni D. , Sciarratta M. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Galaxy clusters are the largest virialized structures in the observable Universe. Knowledge of their properties provides many useful astrophysical and cosmological information.
Aims. Our aim is to derive the luminosity and stellar mass profiles of the nearby galaxy clusters of the Omega-WINGS survey and to study the main scaling relations valid for such systems.
Methods. We merged data from the WINGS and Omega-WINGS databases, sorted the sources according to the distance from the brightest cluster galaxy (BCG), and calculated the integrated luminosity profiles in the B and V bands, taking into account extinction, photometric and spatial completeness, K correction, and background contribution. Then, by exploiting the spectroscopic sample we derived the stellar mass profiles of the clusters.
Results. We obtained the luminosity profiles of 46 galaxy clusters, reaching r200 in 30 cases, and the stellar mass profiles of 42 of our objects. We successfully fitted all the integrated luminosity growth profiles with one or two embedded Sérsic components, deriving the main clusters parameters. Finally, we checked the main scaling relation among the clusters parameters in comparison with those obtained for a selected sample of early-type galaxies (ETGs) of the same clusters.
Conclusions. We found that the nearby galaxy clusters are non-homologous structures such as ETGs and exhibit a color–magnitude (CM) red-sequence relation very similar to that observed for galaxies in clusters. These properties are not expected in the current cluster formation scenarios. In particular the existence of a CM relation for clusters, shown here for the first time, suggests that the baryonic structures grow and evolve in a similar way at all scales.
2D wind clumping in hot, massive stars from hydrodynamical line-driven instability simulations using a pseudo-planar approach
Authors: Sundqvist J. O. , Owocki S. P. , Puls J. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Clumping in the radiation-driven winds of hot, massive stars arises naturally due to the strong, intrinsic instability of line-driving (the line-deshadowing instability, hereafter LDI). But LDI wind models have so far mostly been limited to 1D, mainly because of the severe computational challenges regarding calculation of the multi-dimensional radiation force.
Aim. In this paper we simulate and examine the dynamics and multi-dimensional nature of wind structure resulting from the LDI.
Methods. We introduce a pseudo-planar, box-in-a-wind method that allows us to efficiently compute the line force in the radial and lateral directions, and then use this approach to carry out 2D radiation-hydrodynamical simulations of the time-dependent wind.
Results. Our 2D simulations show that the LDI first manifests itself by mimicking the typical shell structure seen in 1D models, but that these shells quickly break up into complex 2D density and velocity structures, characterized by small-scale density “clumps” embedded in larger regions of fast and rarefied gas. Key results of the simulations are that density variations in the well-developed wind are statistically quite isotropic and that characteristic length scales are small; a typical clump size is ℓcl∕R*~ 0.01 at 2R*, thus also resulting in rather low typical clump masses mcl ~ 1017 g. Overall, our results agree well with the theoretical expectation that the characteristic scale for LDI generated wind-structure is on the order of the Sobolev length ℓSob. We further confirm some earlier results that lateral “filling in” of radially compressed gas leads to somewhat lower clumping factors in 2D simulations than in comparable 1D models. We conclude by discussing an extension of our method toward rotating LDI wind models that exhibit an intriguing combination of large- and small-scale structures extending down to the wind base.
The host of the Type I SLSN 2017egm
Authors: Izzo L. , Thöne C. C. , García-Benito R. , de Ugarte Postigo A. , Cano Z. , Kann D. A. , Bensch K. , Della Valle M. , Galadí-Enríquez D. , Hedrosa R. P. 
Published: January 2018

Context. Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN) host galaxies are predominantly low-metallicity, highly star-forming (SF) dwarfs. One of the current key questions is whether Type I SLSNe can only occur in such environments and hosts.
Aims. Here we present an integral-field study of the massive, high-metallicity spiral NGC 3191, the host of SN 2017egm, the closest Type I SLSN known to date. We use data from PMAS/CAHA and the public MaNGA survey to shed light on the properties of the SLSN site and the origin of star formation in this non-starburst spiral galaxy.
Methods. We map the physical properties of different H ii regions throughout the galaxy and characterise their stellar populations using the STARLIGHT fitting code. Kinematical information allows us to study a possible interaction with its neighbouring galaxy as the origin of recent star formation activity which could have caused the SLSN.
Results. NGC 3191 shows intense star formation in the western part with three large SF regions of low metallicity. Taking only the properties of emitting gas, the central regions of the host have a higher metallicity, a lower specific star formation rate, and lower ionisation. Modelling the stellar populations gives a different picture: the SLSN region has two dominant stellar populations with different ages, the younger one with an age of 2–10 Myr and lower metallicity, likely the population from which the SN progenitor originated. Emission line kinematics of NGC 3191 show indications of interaction with its neighbour MCG+08-19-017 at ~45 kpc, which might be responsible for the recent starburst. In fact, this galaxy pair has hosted a total of four SNe, 1988B (Type Ia), SN 2003ds (Type Ic in MCG+08-19-017), PTF10bgl (Type II), and 2017egm, underlying the enhanced SF in both galaxies due to interaction.
Conclusions. Our study shows that care should be taken when interpreting global host and even gas properties without looking at the stellar population history of the region. The SLSNe seem to be consistent with massive stars (>20 M⊙) requiring low metallicity (<0.6 Z⊙), environments that can also occur in massive late-type galaxies, but not necessarily with starbursts.
Metástases cranianas — Considerações sobre 21 casos
Authors: Pereira Carlos Umberto , Melo Mirela Secundo 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Contexto: Metástases cranianas são raras, podem derivar de todas as neoplasias epiteliais e acometem principalmente os idosos. Objetivo: Analisar pacientes com metástases cranianas, atendidos em nosso serviço. Método: Estudo prospectivo e descritivo. Foram estudados 21 pacientes de ambos os gêneros admitidos no Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital João Alves Filho (Aracaju, SE), durante o período de janeiro de 1999 a março de 2009, com o diagnóstico de metástase craniana, colhendo dados de exame físico, quadro clínico, foco primário, exames de imagens, histopatológicos, tratamento e prognóstico. Resultados: Houve predomínio do sexo feminino (12:9). As idades variaram entre 1 e 74 anos, com uma média de 51,1 anos. A queixa principal foi cefaleia, seguida de tumoração local. A distribuição do tumor primário foi: mama (5), pulmão (3), fígado (2), próstata (2), tireoide (2), mieloma múltiplo (2), neuroblastoma (2), carcinoma epidermoide (1) e desconhecido (2). A localização das lesões foi única em 13 casos e múltipla em 8, com predomínio no osso parietal. Radiografia simples de crânio, tomografia computadorizada (TC) e ressonância magnética (RM) foram relevantes no diagnóstico, mas a confirmação diagnóstica foi por meio da histopatologia. Comprometimento intracraniano esteve presente em nove casos. Biópsia foi realizada em dez casos, exérese completa da lesão em cinco, parcial em três e tratamento conservador em 3. Radioterapia complementar foi realizada em 16 casos e quimioterapia em 9. Ocorreram 14 óbitos. Conclusão: Metástases cranianas geralmente acometem pessoas idosas com neoplasia primária conhecida. Seu tratamento tem base no estado geral do paciente, na localização e apresenta um prognóstico péssimo.
Uso de morfina peridural em pacientes com disautonomia após traumatismo craniencefálico
Authors: Mathias Junior Luis Roberto , Paiva Wellingson Silva , de Andrade Almir Ferreira , Oliveira Amorim Robson Luis , Fonoff Erich Talamoni , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen 
Published: January 2018

Resumo
Introdução: A disautonomia ou hiperatividade simpática paroxística (HSP) pode ocorrer em até um terço dos pacientes vítimas de trauma de crânio grave, entretanto ainda é uma entidade sem tratamento estabelecido. O uso de morfina intravenosa é descrito para o tratamento da HSP, sendo observada melhora principalmente na diminuição das frequências respiratória e cardíaca. Partindo desses preceitos, este estudo analisa os efeitos da morfina peridural nos pacientes com HSP. Pacientes e métodos: Foram avaliados três pacientes (dois masculino e um feminino), com idade média de 20,6 anos, vítimas de trauma de crânio grave, que apresentaram durante a evolução quadro clínico sugestivo de disautonomia. Os dados coletados incluíram detalhes do trauma, parâmetros fisiológicos, medicações utilizadas e evolução dos sintomas. Nesses pacientes, foi realizada infusão de morfina 4-6 mg/d no espaço peridural, em nível torácico, com média de 25,6 dias. Resultados: Dois pacientes tinham sinais radiológicos de lesão axonal difusa e um paciente tinha um volumoso hematoma extradural que foi operado. Os principais sintomas encontrados nos três pacientes foram sudorese, taquicardia, hipertermia e posturas distônicas. Em dois pacientes a hipertonia era global e em um paciente a postura distônica predominava no hemicorpo esquerdo. Após a passagem do cateter epidural com infusão de morfina, foi observada, já na primeira semana, melhora dos sintomas da hiperatividade simpática e da hipertonia nos grupos musculares envolvidos. Conclusão: O uso de morfina peridural pode ser uma alternativa de tratamento nos pacientes com HSP refratários ao tratamento clínico.