bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mice lacking BCAS1, a novel myelin‐associated protein, display hypomyelination, schizophrenia‐like abnormal behaviors, and upregulation of inflammatory genes in the brain
Authors: Ishimoto Tetsuya , Ninomiya Kensuke , Inoue Ran , Koike Masato , Uchiyama Yasuo , Mori Hisashi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe abnormal expression and function of myelin‐related proteins contribute to nervous system dysfunction associated with neuropsychiatric disorders; however, the underlying mechanism of this remains unclear. We found here that breast carcinoma amplified sequence 1 (BCAS1), a basic protein abundant in the brain, was expressed specifically in oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells, and that its expression level was decreased by demyelination. This suggests that BCAS1 is a novel myelin‐associated protein. BCAS1 knockout mice displayed schizophrenia‐like behavioral abnormalities and a tendency toward reduced anxiety‐like behaviors. Moreover, we found that the loss of BCAS1 specifically induced hypomyelination and the expression of inflammation‐related genes in the brain. These observations provide a novel insight into the functional link between oligodendrocytes and inflammation and/or abnormal behaviors.
Investigation of p16 status, chemotherapy regimen, and other nutrition markers for predicting gastrostomy in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Brown Teresa E. , Wittholz Kym , Way Mandy , Banks Merrilyn D. , Hughes Brett G. M. , Lin Charles Y. , Kenny Lizbeth M. , Bauer Judith D. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine if p16 status, chemotherapy regimen, or other nutrition markers could improve protocol accuracy in predicting proactive gastrostomy in patients with head and neck cancer.MethodsPatients who received curative treatment from July 2010 to June 2011 were included (n = 269). Associations among dependent variables (age, sex, tumor site, staging, treatment, p16 status, albumin, and Malnutrition Screening Tool [MST] score), the protocol risk rating, and requirement for proactive gastrostomy were examined.ResultsCurrent protocol correctly identified 81 of 88 high‐risk patients (92%) for gastrostomy, but incorrectly classified 32 of 181 low‐risk patients (18%). Analysis of low‐risk patients with oral or oropharyngeal cancers, found p16‐positive disease had 4.4 times greater odds (p = .049), and those at risk of malnutrition had 4.5 times greater odds (p = .019) of requiring gastrostomy.ConclusionMalnutrition risk and p16 status could be used to identify further patients who may benefit from proactive gastrostomy. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 868–875, 2017
Maxillary ameloblastoma: Factors associated with risk of recurrence
Authors: Yang Rong , Liu Zheqi , Peng Canbang , Cao Wei , Ji Tong 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundMaxillary ameloblastomas are rare and associated with an aggressive course because of the anatomic composition of the maxilla and adjacent structures. The risk factors associated with recurrence were analyzed in this retrospective study.MethodsCases of maxillary ameloblastoma reported in a tertiary hospital from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed to identify clinicopathological and radiological factors associated with recurrence using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.ResultsA total of 890 patients with ameloblastomas were treated in this study, of whom only 51 (5.7%) had maxillary ameloblastomas. The median follow‐up period was 56 ± 28.65 months. Of the maxillary ameloblastomas, 29 (56.8%) were primary and 22 (43.1%) were recurrent. Soft tissue or maxillary sinus invasion and primary or recurrent tumor status were risk factors significantly associated with recurrence in the univariate analyses (p = .006 vs p = .025, respectively), whereas the association between recurrence and surgical methods was borderline significant (p = .08). The multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that soft tissue or maxillary sinus involvement was significantly associated with recurrence (p = .023).ConclusionRecurrent tumors and tumors with soft tissue or maxillary sinus involvement were risk factors for recurrence among patients with maxillary ameloblastoma. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 996–1000, 2017
Total laryngectomy with primary tracheoesophageal puncture: Intraoperative versus delayed voice prosthesis placement
Authors: Robinson Rachelle A. , Simms Virginia A. , Ward Elizabeth C. , Barnhart Molly K. , Chandler Sophie J. , Smee Robert I. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundStudies support using intraoperative voice prosthesis insertion performed at the time of primary tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) during laryngectomy. However, none have compared intraoperative voice prosthesis insertion with delayed voice prosthesis insertion. The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine patient, services, and cost benefits of intraoperative versus delayed voice prosthesis placement.MethodsVoice prosthesis use, duration to the first voice prosthesis change, early communication, and costs were compared between 14 patients who underwent a laryngectomy and who received intraoperative voice prosthesis placement, and 10 patients who underwent initial catheter stenting and then delayed voice prosthesis insertion.ResultsIntraoperative voice prosthesis placement was associated with significantly fewer early device changes (1.4 vs 2), voice prosthesis changes because of resizing (8% vs 80%), longer durations to initial voice prosthesis change (159.7 vs 24.5 days), earlier commencement of voice rehabilitation (13.2 vs 17.6 days), reduced length of hospital stay (17.2 vs 24.5 days), and cost savings of $559.83/person.ConclusionSuperior clinical and patient benefits are associated with intraoperative voice prosthesis placement during primary TEP. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 1138–1144, 2017
Quantitative cognitive‐test characterization of reconnectable implantable fiber‐optic neurointerfaces for optogenetic neurostimulation
Authors: Fedotov I. V. , Ivashkina O. I. , Pochechuev M. S. , Roshchina M. A. , Toropova K. A. , Fedotov A. B. , Anokhin K. V. , Zheltikov A. M. 
Published: February 2017

Cognitive tests on representative groups of freely behaving transgenic mice are shown to enable a quantitative characterization of reconnectable implantable fiber‐optic neurointerfaces for optogenetic neurostimulation. A systematic analysis of such tests provides a robust quantitative measure for the cognitive effects induced by fiber‐optic neurostimulation, validating the performance of fiber‐optic neurointerfaces for long‐term optogenetic brain stimulations and showing no statistically significant artifacts in the behavior of transgenic mice due to interface implantation.
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Final Regulations on Software Development Qualifying for Research Tax Credit
Authors: Dennis‐Escoffier Shirley 
Published: February 2017

The research tax credit has served as a financial incentive to encourage innovative businesses to increase their spending on research and development of new technologies and products; however, a special provision restricts the ability of businesses to claim the research tax credit for expenditures related to development of internal‐use software. Over the past 30 years, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) has issued several sets of proposed regulations in an attempt to clearly define internal‐use software but these attempts were criticized as not adequately reflecting the technological advances of the Internet and the important role of software in all business activities. Finally, in October 2016, the IRS issued regulations providing guidance for identifying software development activities that are considered internal‐use software and those that are not, expanding the opportunities for businesses to claim research credits for software‐related expenditures.	© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dissection of Regulatory Elements During Direct Conversion of Somatic Cells Into Neurons
Authors: Soleimani Tahereh , Falsafi Nafiseh , Fallahi Hossein 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTA revolutionary approach that involves direct conversion of somatic cells into almost any other types of cells showed promising results for regenerative medicine. Currently, producing valuable cell types including neurons, cardiomyocytes, and hepatocytes through direct conversion of somatic cells appear to be a feasible option for regenerative medicine. The process involves inducing the cells by chemical cocktails or by expression of different types of transcription factors. In this concept, in vitro neurogenesis considered to be able to produce neuron cells to replace damaged neurons especially in Alzheimer and Parkinson disease. However, early successful experiments followed by major drawbacks such as low differentiation efficiency in producing neurons and detection of various undesirable types of cells in the culture. Therefore, there is not a single optimized common protocol for producing high quality neurons in vitro so far. This is partly due to the lack of our understanding about the precise cellular, genetic, and molecular mechanisms underlying neurogenesis via direct conversion. In the current work, we have employed meta‐analysis tools and extensive gene regulatory network analysis on the high throughput gene expression data obtained from previous reprogramming protocols to identify central gene regulatory components involved in direct conversion of fibroblasts into neurons. Our results identified miR‐9, miR‐30 as the most important miRNA and TP53, MYC, JUN, SP1, and SMAD2 considered to be the most important transcription factors. These findings would be useful for direct targeting these hub regulatory elements in order to increase the efficacy and specificity of the conversion protocols. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3158–3170, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparison of Egg Envelope Thickness in Teleosts and its Relationship to the Sites of ZP Protein Synthesis
Authors: Sano Kaori , Kawaguchi Mari , Katano Keita , Tomita Kenji , Inokuchi Mayu , Nagasawa Tatsuki , Hiroi Junya , Kaneko Toyoji , Kitagawa Takashi , Fujimoto Takafumi , Arai Katsutoshi , Tanaka Masaru , Yasumasu Shigeki 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTTeleost egg envelope generally consists of a thin outer layer and a thick inner layer. The inner layer of the Pacific herring egg envelope is further divided into distinct inner layers I and II. In our previous study, we cloned four zona pellucida (ZP) proteins (HgZPBa, HgZPBb, HgZPCa, and HgZPCb) from Pacific herring, two of which (HgZPBa and HgZPCa) were synthesized in the liver and two (HgZPBb and HgZPCb) in the ovary. In this study, we raised antibodies against these four proteins to identify their locations using immunohistochemistry. Our results suggest that inner layer I is constructed primarily of HgZPBa and Ca, whereas inner layer II consists primarily of HgZPBa. HgZPBb and Cb were minor components of the envelope. Therefore, the egg envelope of Pacific herring is primarily composed of liver‐synthesized ZP proteins. A comparison of the thickness of the fertilized egg envelopes of 55 species suggested that egg envelopes derived from liver‐synthesized ZP proteins tended to be thicker in demersal eggs than those in pelagic eggs, whereas egg envelopes derived from ovarian‐synthesized ZP proteins had no such tendency. Our comparison suggests that the prehatching period of an egg with a thick egg envelope is longer than that of an egg with a thin egg envelope. We hypothesized that acquisition of liver‐synthesized ZP proteins during evolution conferred the ability to develop a thick egg envelope, which allowed species with demersal eggs to adapt to mechanical stress in the prehatching environment by thickening the egg envelope, while pelagic egg envelopes have remained thin.
Late Quaternary lake evolution in the Gaxun Nur basin, central Gobi Desert, China, based on quartz OSL and K‐feldspar pIRIR dating of paleoshorelines
Authors: Li Guoqiang , Li Fangliang , Jin Ming , She Linlin , Duan Yanwu , Madsen David , Wang Leibin , Chen Fahu 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTPaleoenvironmental changes in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia are of global significance because fluvial and lacustrine deposits in the region constitute one of the dominant sources of Northern Hemisphere dust. A series of well‐preserved geomorphic shoreline features at different elevations around the Gaxun Nur basin, central Gobi Desert, indicate past fluctuations of the basin's terminal lake. We measured the exact elevation of shorelines in the basin using a Differential Global Positioning System, and found six shorelines at ∼24, ∼20, ∼18, ∼16, ∼15 m and ∼8 m above the modern basin floor. Quartz optically stimulated luminescence and K‐feldspar post‐infrared infrared stimulated luminescence methods were used to date these shoreline features. The reliability of the dates was confirmed using internal checks of luminescence characteristics and by comparing the quartz and K‐feldspar ages. Our results suggest a lake developed in the Gaxun Nur basin by at least ∼121 ka. Lake levels increased from ∼8 to ∼24 m from ∼121 to ∼85 ka. A 20–13‐m‐deep lake again formed in the basin between ∼8.4 and 0.8 ka. Monsoonal precipitation and temperature variations during Marine Isotope Stage 5 and the mid–late Holocene were the likely causes of paleolake formation and lake level fluctuations.
Recent advances in γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) properties in pulses: an overview
Authors: Nikmaram Nooshin , Dar BN , Roohinejad Shahin , Koubaa Mohamed , Barba Francisco J , Greiner Ralf , Johnson Stuart K 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBeans, peas, and lentils are all types of pulses that are extensively used as foods around the world due to their beneficial effects on human health including their low glycaemic index, cholesterol lowering effects, ability to decrease the risk of heart diseases and their protective effects against some cancers. These health benefits are a result of their components such as bioactive proteins, dietary fibre, slowly digested starches, minerals and vitamins, and bioactive compounds. Among these bioactive compounds, γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non‐proteinogenic amino acid with numerous reported health benefits (e.g. anti‐diabetic and hypotensive effects, depression and anxiety reduction) is of particular interest. GABA is primarily synthesised in plant tissues by the decarboxylation of l‐glutamic acid in the presence of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). It is widely reported that during various processes including enzymatic treatment, gaseous treatment (e.g. with carbon dioxide), and fermentation (with lactic acid bacteria), GABA content increases in the plant matrix. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the current state of knowledge on the occurrence of GABA in pulses with special focus on mechanisms by which GABA levels are increased and the analytical extraction and estimation methods for this bioactive phytochemical. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Responses of Degraded Tibetan Kobresia Pastures to N Addition
Authors: Liu Shibin , Schleuss Per‐Marten , Kuzyakov Yakov 
Published: February 2017

AbstractKobresia pastures on the Tibetan Plateau are the largest alpine pastoral ecosystems. Kobresia pastures have experienced severe degradation in recent decades, inducing large nitrogen (N) losses from these ecosystems. This is particularly problematic, as it intensifies prevailing N limitation in these regions. Simultaneously, anthropogenic N deposition has increased across these ecosystems, but the fate of added N on variously degraded Kobresia pastures remains unclear. Kobresia pastures of three degradation stages were investigated: living, dying and dead root mats. High and very low (as a tracer) amounts of 15N‐labelled ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) were applied to root mats under controlled conditions. Leaching was simulated over 3 months, and 15N recovery was measured in the plant–soil system. N addition promoted aboveground biomass and foliar N content of Kobresia during the early growth period, indicating a short‐term offset of N limitation. After 7–8 weeks, plant growth and 15N uptake were reduced in plants with initial N addition, reflecting a transition to N limitation induced by N uptake and leaching from soil. This limitation was also indicated by the strong decline of NO3− in leachates from living root mats compared with degraded root mats. Leaching N losses from dying and dead root mats increased 2⋅2 and 6⋅3 times, respectively, compared with those of living root mats. We conclude that N addition can facilitate plant growth in living root mats but contributes to N leaching in degraded pastures. This contribution to N leaching may weaken ecosystem recovery, increase NO3− loading of adjacent lower landscape parts and cause eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relating Intensity of Soil Redistribution to Land Use Changes in Abandoned Pyrenean Fields Using Fallout Caesium‐137
Authors: Navas Ana , Quine Timothy A , Walling Des E , Gaspar Leticia , Quijano Laura , Lizaga Iván 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFallout caesium‐137 has been used to trace soil redistribution in abandoned fields located in the Central Spanish Pyrenees. A total of 28 fields with different lengths, slope angles and time since abandonment were selected on a representative south‐facing slope of the Estarrún valley. The local reference inventory and the magnitude and spatial distribution of 137Cs inventories within these fields were documented and used as a basis for assessing patterns of soil redistribution. The local reference inventory was estimated to be 4,500 Bqm−2. Within the fields, the average 137Cs inventory at the top of the slope was 3,920 Bqm−2, and accumulation of soil at the bottom of the slopes was demonstrated by an average 137Cs inventory of 5,320 Bqm−2. Deviations from the reference inventory were highest for fields with the longest slopes that had been abandoned for less than 30 years. Here, increases in the 137Cs inventory, relative to the reference inventory, in excess of 20% were found at the bottom of the slopes. Considering all the fields and all geomorphic positions within the fields, the greatest 137Cs losses and gains were found in the fields with the longest duration of abandonment, indicating more intense soil redistribution. Irrespective of the timing of abandonment, the ranges of 137Cs inventories in the fields were found to be proportional to the water erosion index. The 137Cs technique demonstrated that patterns of sediment redistribution were closely related to the topographic and physiographic characteristics of the slopes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vegetation, Wildlife, and Livestock Responses to Planned Grazing Management in an African Pastoral Landscape
Authors: Odadi Wilfred O. , Fargione Joe , Rubenstein Daniel I. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRangelands are vital for wildlife conservation and socio‐economic well‐being, but many face widespread degradation because in part of poor grazing management practices. Planned grazing management, typically involving time‐controlled rotational livestock grazing, is widely touted as a tool for promoting sustainable rangelands. However, real‐world assessments of its efficacy have been lacking in communal pastoral landscapes globally, and especially in Africa. We performed landscape‐scale assessment of the effects of planned grazing on selected vegetation, wildlife, and cattle attributes across wide‐ranging communally managed pastoral rangelands in northern Kenya. We found that planned grazing enhanced vegetation condition through a 17% increase in normalized difference vegetation index, 45–234% increases in herbaceous vegetation foliar cover, species richness and diversity, and a 70% reduction in plant basal gap. In addition, planned grazing increased the presence (44%) and species richness (53%) of wild ungulates and improved cattle weight gain (>71%) during dry periods when cattle were in relatively poor condition. These changes occurred relatively rapidly (within 5 years) and despite grazing incursion incidents and higher livestock stocking rates in planned grazing areas. These results demonstrate, for the first time in Africa, the positive effects of planned grazing implementation in communal pastoral rangelands. These improvements can have broad implications for biodiversity conservation and pastoral livelihoods. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating Sediment Delivery Ratios for Grassed Waterways using WEPP
Authors: Singh Harsh Vardhan , Panuska John , Thompson Anita M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGrassed waterways (GWWs) transport sediment and nutrients from upland source areas to receiving waters. Watershed planners have a critical need to understand GWW sediment delivery to optimally target source area management practices. Better physically based tools are needed to estimate sediment delivery by GWWs. This study developed several distributed sediment delivery ratio (SDR) regressions for GWWs using the process‐based Water Erosion Prediction Project (WEPP) model to provide simple equations to estimate sediment delivery for planning applications. Water Erosion Prediction Project was calibrated and validated for runoff and sediment yield for large 30.2‐ha and smaller 5·7‐ha nested watersheds with terraces and a common GWW outlet. A crop rotation of corn, oat and alfalfa and fall tillage using chisel plow were used in the nested watersheds. A hypothetical management case without terraces using corn, oat and alfalfa rotation with chisel plow as fall tillage was also evaluated for the 5·7‐ha watershed and the GWW. The length, slope, Manning's roughness coefficient and infiltration rate for the GWW were varied and SDRs calculated for 30 representative (in terms of daily rainfall) days over a 20‐year period of simulated climate. Regressions were developed for the existing (terraced) and hypothetical (non‐terraced) management scenarios for early (April–July), late (August–October) and full (April–October) growing seasons. Equations developed for the non‐terrace watershed had higher R2 values compared to the terraced watershed suggesting that channel and rainfall parameters were better able to explain the variation in SDR for the non‐terraced watershed. Manning's roughness coefficient was the most significant parameter for predicting SDR for both the terraced and non‐terraced watersheds. The equations developed here can be used to estimate SDRs for watersheds that are drained via GWWs having similar physical characteristics: slope (1–5%), Mannings's roughness coefficient (0·1–0·3), length (0·15–1 km) and infiltration rate (0·025–25 mm h−1). The SDRs can be used to estimate sediment yield, which is an essential element for making land management decisions but is rarely measured. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.