bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Local GM-CSF–Dependent Differentiation and Activation of Pulmonary Dendritic Cells and Macrophages Protect against Progressive Cryptococcal Lung Infection in Mice
Authors: Chen Gwo-Hsiao , Teitz-Tennenbaum Seagal , Neal Lori M. , Murdock Benjamin J. , Malachowski Antoni N. , Dils Anthony J. , Olszewski Michal A. , Osterholzer John J. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Patients with acquired deficiency in GM-CSF are susceptible to infections with Cryptococcus neoformans and other opportunistic fungi. We previously showed that GM-CSF protects against progressive fungal disease using a murine model of cryptococcal lung infection. To better understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms through which GM-CSF enhances antifungal host defenses, we investigated temporal and spatial relationships between myeloid and lymphoid immune responses in wild-type C57BL/6 mice capable of producing GM-CSF and GM-CSF–deficient mice infected with a moderately virulent encapsulated strain of C. neoformans (strain 52D). Our data demonstrate that GM-CSF deficiency led to a reduction in: 1) total lung leukocyte recruitment; 2) Th2 and Th17 responses; 3) total numbers of CD11b+ dendritic cells (DC) and CD11b− and CD11b+ macrophages (Mϕ); 4) DC and Mϕ activation; and 5) localization of DC and Mϕ to the microanatomic sites of alveolar infection. In contrast, GM-CSF deficiency resulted in increased accumulation of DC and Mϕ precursors, namely Ly-6Chigh monocytes, in the blood and lungs of infected mice. Collectively, these results show that GM-CSF promotes the local differentiation, accumulation, activation, and alveolar localization of lung DC and Mϕ in mice with cryptococcal lung infection. These findings identify GM-CSF as central to the protective immune response that prevents progressive fungal disease and thus shed new light on the increased susceptibility to these infections observed in patients with acquired GM-CSF deficiency.
Contextualizing History in Hungarian Films of the New Millennium
Authors: Orban Clara 
Published: January 2016

Hungarian films produced after the year 2000 build on the historical reality of the fall of communism and anticipate, or come to terms with, entry into the European Union. This article will explore six films that deal with history through multiple perspectives to dramatize the dynamic between historical events and human responses to them. These films reference history, or efface it, as a way of problematizing the relationship between human behavior and history. Colossal Sensation [Világszám – Dodó és Naftalin] (2005) and Children of Glory [Szabadság, szerelem] (2006), for example, examine Hungarians’ moments of defiance during the 1956 uprising but shape historical events to fit human constructs. Contemporary history provides satire of rising capitalism in The District! [Nyócker!] (2005) whose plot weaves historical figures into a modern rendition of Romeo and Juliette. Miracle in Krakow [Csoda Krakkóban] (2004) also presents a book as its central metaphor, and, like The District!, the book allows some of history’s uglier moments to be erased. Béla Tarr’s Werkmeister Harmonies [Werkmeister harmóniák] (2000) and Nimród Antal’s Control [Kontroll] (2003), films without overt historical markers, provide allegorical visions of societal unrest that can be read as allusions to millennial concerns.
Job Attribute Preference of Executives: A Conjoint Analysis
Authors: Yasmin Shakila , Mahmud Khaled , Afrin Farzan 
Published: January 2016

<p>This research explores the job attribute preferences of executives in Bangladesh. Unlike most past researches that deployed isolated estimation methods, this research used conjoint analysis, a marketing research tool to measures the relative utilities and trade-off matrices of different job attributes. Data was collected from 140 executive MBA students from a premier business school in Dhaka using a questionnaire presenting an array of hypothetical job offers. Salary &amp; benefit and person-job match are found to be the top two most preferred job attributes. Workenvironment and company- reputation are indicated as the two least important job attributes. Simulation was run to demonstrate the trade-offs people make in their job choice decisions. Case-wise conjoint results show no significant difference among different demographic groups (e.g. married-single, have-don’t have dependents and others) in terms of the order of importance of the job attributes. However, the value of the relative importance was found to be slightly different for different demographic groups.This research is important for academics as it demonstrate a new technique to analyze job attribute preferences. Managers can use the results of this study for designing jobs to attract and retain the best talents of the market. They can use the simulation process demonstrated here for optimizing overall preference of their job offers. </p>
Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy in composite MgO/CoFeB/Ta/[Co/Pd]n structures
Authors: Garcia-Vazquez Valentin , Chang Yao-Jen , Canizo-Cabrera A. , Garzon-Roman Abel , Wu Te-ho 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The impact of a non-magnetic Ta spacer layer on the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of composite magnetic structures constituted by ultra-thin Co/Pd multilayers (MLs) and MgO/CoFeB was studied. Composite structures lacking a Ta layer present in-plane magnetic anisotropy. The strong perpendicular anisotropy observed in sole Co/Pd MLs is not sufficient to pull the magnetic moment out of the film plane, not even after annealing at 300 or 350 °C. PMA with squareness values close to unity and annealing stability up to 350 °C is observed after the insertion of an ultra-thin Ta layer. Our study demonstrates that Ta layer is essential for obtaining perpendicular magnetic axis in MgO/CoFeB/Ta/[Co/Pd]6. The exchange coupling between the MgO/CoFeB bilayer and the Co/Pd MLs is ferromagnetic with sharp switching characteristics. Perpendicular composite structures with sharp magnetization reversal and annealing stability are relevant in perpendicular CoFeB-based magnetic tunnel junctions for the development of gigabit-scale nonvolatile memory.
Magnetic irreversibility: An important amendment in the zero-field-cooling and field-cooling method
Authors: Dias Fábio Teixeira , Vieira Valdemar das Neves , Nunes Sabrina Esperança , Pureur Paulo , Schaf Jacob , Farinela da Silva Graziele Fernanda , Gouvêa Cristol de Paiva , Wolff-Fabris Frederik , Kampert Erik , Obradors Xavier , Puig Teresa , Rovira Joan Josep Roa 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
The present work reports about experimental procedures to correct significant deviations of magnetization data, caused by magnetic relaxation, due to small field cycling by sample transport in the inhomogeneous applied magnetic field of commercial magnetometers. The extensively used method for measuring the magnetic irreversibility by first cooling the sample in zero field, switching on a constant applied magnetic field and measuring the magnetization M(T) while slowly warming the sample, and subsequently measuring M(T) while slowly cooling it back in the same field, is very sensitive even to small displacement of the magnetization curve. In our melt-processed YBaCuO superconducting sample we observed displacements of the irreversibility limit up to 7 K in high fields. Such displacements are detected only on confronting the magnetic irreversibility limit with other measurements, like for instance zero resistance, in which the sample remains fixed and so is not affected by such relaxation. We measured the magnetic irreversibility, T
irr(H), using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) from Quantum Design. The zero resistance data, T
c0(H), were obtained using a PPMS from Quantum Design. On confronting our irreversibility lines with those of zero resistance, we observed that the T
c0(H) data fell several degrees K above the T
irr(H) data, which obviously contradicts the well known properties of superconductivity. In order to get consistent T
irr(H) data in the H–T plane, it was necessary to do a lot of additional measurements as a function of the amplitude of the sample transport and extrapolate the T
irr(H) data for each applied field to zero amplitude.
A charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy measurement system and characterization of a ZnO-based varistor and a Fe-doped SrTiO3 dielectric
Authors: Okamoto Takafumi , Long Jeffrey , Wilke Rudeger H. T. , Stitt Joseph , Maier Russell , Randall Clive A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
A charge-based deep level transient spectroscopy (Q-DLTS) method is applied to provide insights into the electronic behavior near grain boundaries and may provide new insights into mechanisms such as fatigue, degradation, dielectric aging, and dielectric breakdown. Here, we tested the Q-DLTS in both a ZnO varistor material and Fe-doped SrTiO3 materials. Comparisons are made to other data on ZnO varistors, and we obtain very good agreement for the energy levels. The status of deep traps in Fe-doped SrTiO3 dielectrics has been investigated where the relaxation was contrasted in a single crystal and polycrystalline ceramic materials. The relaxation is only observable in the polycrystalline materials, and was absent in single crystal Fe-doped crystals indicating that the deep traps originating from the Schottky barriers at the grain boundaries provide the DLTS signals. The energy associated with this grain boundary trap was found to be 1.26 eV.
Dispersion of carbon nanotubes by poly(Ni-ethenetetrathiolate) for organic thermoelectric hybrid materials
Authors: Oshima Keisuke , Asano Hitoshi , Shiraishi Yukihide , Toshima Naoki 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Thermoelectric materials convert heat energy to electric energy and vice versa. We have succeeded in developing new hybrid thermoelectric materials with high thermoelectric performance by using poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and nanodispersed poly(metal 1,1,2,2-ethenetetrathiolate) (n-metal-PETT). n-Metal-PETT can work as a promoter not only for carrier transfer between CNTs but also for the dispersion of CNTs. We prepared the dispersed n-Cu-PETT and n-Ni-PETT by using surfactant molecules in the synthetic processes. These materials had sufficient semiconductor properties, i.e., n-Cu-PETT in a pressed block showed a Seebeck coefficient of 18 µV K−1, while n-Ni-PETT showed −40 µV K−1. When these n-metal-PETTs were mixed with PVC and CNTs, the three-compound films containing n-Ni-PETT showed a power factor of 58.6 µW m−1 K−2.
Transmission electron microscopy investigation of oxidation of (110)NiAl single crystal with wedge-shaped profile
Authors: Fedchenko Olena , Chernov Sergey V. , Klimenkov Michael , Protsenko Serhiy I. , Nepijko Sergej A. , Schönhense Gerd 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Low energy electron diffraction (LEED), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) investigations of oxidation processes in (110)NiAl single crystal of wedge like shape, i.e., on the sample’s areas of different thickness, were carried out. It was found that in the result of several cycles of ion etching, annealing and oxidation the upper layer of (110)NiAl is enriched with Ni. With the increase of Ni concentration from 50 to 100 at. %, the stoichiometry of the near surface area changes and the new phases of Ni3Al and Ni with Al doping are formed one after another. Up to Ni content of 75 at. % the defects concentration in the near-surface area increases and above 75 at. % it drops again. This leads to the change in orientation and azimuth direction of aluminum oxide (alumina). By varying the conditions of γ-Al2O3 epitaxial growth on (110)NiAl with (100), (110), and (111) orientations, we found that this oxide can be grown with different azimuthal directions, for example [440](111)γ-Al2O3 ∥ [002](110)NiAl and [440](111)γ-Al2O3 ∥ [022](110)NiAl.
Facet Engineering Boosts Interfacial Compatibility of Inorganic‐Polymer Composites
Authors: Yu Kun , Ye Guangli , Zhang Jun , Fu Liangjie , Dong Xiongbo , Yang Huaming 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe interfacial compatibility between inorganic particles and polymer is crucial for ensuring high performance of composites. Current efforts to improve interfacial compatibility preferentially rely on organic modification of inorganic particles, leading to their complex process, high costs, and short lifespans due to aging and decomposition of organic modifiers. However, the fabrication of inorganic particles free from organic modification that is highly compatible in polymer still remains a great challenge. Herein, a novel facet‐engineered inorganic particle that exhibit high compatibility with widely used polymer interface without organic modification is reported. Theoretical calculations and experimental results show that (020) and (102) facets of inorganic particles modulate local coordination environment of Ca atoms, which in turn regulate d‐orbital electron density of Ca atoms and electron transfer paths at interfaces between polymer and inorganic particles. This difference alters the molecular diffusion, orientation of molecular chains on surface of inorganic particles, further modulating interfacial compatibility of composites. Surprisingly, the facet‐engineered inorganic particles show exceptional mechanical properties, especially for tensile strain at break, which increases by 395%, far superior to state‐of‐the‐art composites counterparts. Thus, the method can offer a more benign approach to the general production of high‐performance and low‐cost polymer‐inorganic composites for diverse potential applications.
Gate Engineering Effect in Ferroelectric Field‐Effect Transistors with Al‐Doped HfO2 Thin Film and Amorphous Indium‐Gallium‐Zinc‐Oxide Channel
Authors: Lee Jae Hoon , Lee Yonghee , Han Joon‐Kyu , Kim Kyung Do , Byun Seung Ryong , Park Hyeon Woo , Hwang Cheol Seong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis work investigates the mechanism for the memory window (MW) suppression of the ferroelectric‐thin film transistors (FETFTs) with an amorphous indium‐gallium‐zinc (a‐IGZO) channel. a‐IGZO generally has an n‐type character with a high bandgap (>3 eV) and a high density of gap states, hindering the carrier type inversion. Therefore, the negative ferroelectric (FE) bound charges at the FE layer/a‐IGZO interface must be compensated by the positive charges of the oxygen vacancy in the a‐IGZO layer. In contrast, accumulated electrons can compensate for the positive FE‐bound charges. Such a bound charge compensation mechanism complicates the FETFT operation and precise understanding. Experiments and simulations confirm that feasible FE switching in the bottom‐TiN or P++‐Si/Al‐doped HfO2/a‐IGZO/top‐TiN structure can occur only when the countercharges in the a‐IGZO layer compensate the positive and negative bound charges. More importantly, the Al‐doped HfO2/a‐IGZO interface generally involves electron trapping, which hinders FE switching and achieving a MW for the TiN gate case. When replacing the TiN gate with the P++‐Si gate, the suppressed FE polarization by the depolarization effect from the SiO2 interface layer can mitigate electron accumulation. Consequently, the P++‐Si bottom electrode (BE) is more advantageous than the TiN BE regarding a MW of FETFT.
Abiotic Foldamer Quaternary Structures
Authors: Wang Shuhe , Allmendinger Lars , Huc Ivan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAbiotic aromatic foldamer sequences have been previously shown to fold in helix‐turn‐helix motifs in organic solvents. Using simple computational tools, a new helix‐turn‐helix motif was designed that bears additional hydrogen bond donor OH groups to promote its aggregation into a genuine, trimeric, abiotic quaternary structure. This sequence was synthesized and its self‐assembly in solution was investigated by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Circular Dichroism (CD) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations. The existence of two stable discrete aggregates was evidenced, one assigned to the initially designed trimer, the other to a dimer including multiple water molecules. The two species may be quantitatively interconverted upon changing the water content of the solution or the temperature. These results represent important steps in the design of protein‐like abiotic architectures.
Biogenic synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from aqueous extract of Lepidagathis cristata along with their antibacterial and antineoplastic activity to combat breast cancer cells (MCF‐7)
Authors: Manogaran Punithavathi , Krishnamoorthy Prabu , Murugesan Sivakumar , Vijayavarma Devi , Al‐Ansari Mysoon M. , Mari Kavitharani , Vatin Nikolai Ivanovich , Vijayakumar Sabari 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLepidagathis cristata (L. cristata) plant produces reducing and capping agents; this study utilized microwave‐assisted biogenic synthesis to manufacture silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using this plant. The structure, morphology, and crystallinity phases of prepared nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV‐viz), powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Biologically synthesized AgNPs were treated against pathogenic bacteria species including Escherichia coli (E. coli), Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis), and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and its highest zone of inhibition 10 ± 1.45 mm, 10 ± 0.74 mm, and 6 ± 0.43 mm, respectively, at the concentration of 100 μg/mL. The cytotoxic activity of AgNPs against MCF‐7 breast cancer cells revealed significant growth inhibition by inhibiting cell viability, inhibitory concentration of 50% (IC50) of NPs observed at 55.76 μg/mL concentration. Finally, our findings concluded that the L. cristata‐mediated biosynthesized AgNPs proved its potential antibacterial and neoplastic properties against MCF cells by endorsing the inhibition of cell proliferation especially with low concentration.
Gut microbiota derived short‐chain fatty acids in physiology and pathology: An update
Authors: Archana  , Gupta Abhijeet Kumar , Noumani Ashab , Panday Dharmendra Kumar , Zaidi Fareen , Sahu Gaurav Kumar , Joshi Gunjan , Yadav Manisha , Borah Shikha Jyoti , Susmitha Vanne , Mohan Anand , Kumar Anil , Solanki Pratima R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractShort‐chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are essential molecules produced by gut bacteria that fuel intestinal cells and may also influence overall health. An imbalance of SCFAs can result in various acute and chronic diseases, including diabetes, obesity and colorectal cancer (CRC). This review delves into the multifaceted roles of SCFAs, including a brief discussion on their source and various gut‐residing bacteria. Primary techniques used for detection of SCFAs, including gas chromatography, high‐performance gas chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and capillary electrophoresis are also discussed through this article. This review study also compiles various synthesis pathways of SCFAs from diverse substrates such as sugar, acetone, ethanol and amino acids. The different pathways through which SCFAs enter cells for immune response regulation are also highlighted. A major emphasis is the discussion on diseases associated with SCFA dysregulation, such as anaemia, brain development, CRC, depression, obesity and diabetes. This includes exploring the relationship between SCFA levels across ethnicities and their connection with blood pressure and CRC. In conclusion, this review highlights the critical role of SCFAs in maintaining gut health and their implications in various diseases, emphasizing the need for further research on SCFA detection, synthesis and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers. Future studies of SCFAs will pave the way for the development of novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies for optimizing gut health and preventing diseases associated with SCFA dysregulation.
Dual‐noise autoencoder combining pseudo‐labels and consistency regularization for process fault classification
Authors: Guo Xiaoping , Guo Qingyu , Li Yuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the classification of industrial process faults, the collected process fault data has the problem of having more irrelevant fault information, limited labels, and a significant impact of noise, which affects the prediction accuracy of the classification model. To address these problems, this paper proposes a semi‐supervised dual‐noise autoencoder method that integrates pseudo‐labels and consistency regularization (PR‐SNAE). Based on normal samples, the differences between faulty samples and normal samples are enhanced through dissimilarity analysis. Two types of noise are introduced into the enhanced samples to improve the robustness of the model. A stacked supervised autoencoder (SSAE) network is trained using a small amount of labelled data. The deep feature information is extracted to establish a preliminary fault classification model. Pseudo‐labels are generated for unlabelled samples to overcome the problem of insufficient labels for fault data. In the adjustment stage of the classification model, a loss function that integrates pseudo‐labels and consistency regularization is proposed to prevent overfitting and poor robustness of the model. Simulation experiments were conducted on the Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark process and three‐phase flow process, and the results verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.
CircFAM188A Regulates Autophagy via miR‐670‐3p and ULK1 in Epithelial Ovarian Carcinoma
Authors: Yong Min , Zeng Yuhua , Yao Yuqin , Yang Miyuan , Tang Furong , Zhu Hongtao , Hu Jianguo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackground and AimsCircRNAs and autophagy are closely involved in the physiological and pathological processes of ovarian cancer; however, their exact mechanisms are still undetermined. This investigation aimed to elucidate the function and associated pathways of circFAM188A, which modulates proliferation, autophagy, and invasion in ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsThe expression of circFAM188A in the tissues of EOC patients was assessed via RT‐PCR. To elucidate proliferation, invasion, and autophagy in the tumor cells, Transwell, 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine (EdU), and mRFP‐GFP‐LC3 reporter assays were conducted. The binding sites between circ‐FAM188A and the miR‐670‐3p, miR‐670‐3p and YY1 were predicted using bioinformatics and verified by dual‐luciferase reporter assays. Pulldown assays demonstrated binding between ULK1 and circ‐FAM188A. ULK1 was found to be crucial in the initial stage of autophagy. Moreover, an in vivo xenograft model was established by subcutaneous injection of nude mice with EOC cells.ResultExpression of circ‐FAM188A was increased in EOC tissues relative to normal ovarian tissues and circ‐FAM188A overexpression promoted proliferation, invasion, and autophagy; these effects were reversed by circ‐FAM188A silencing. miR‐670‐3p and circ‐FAM188A co‐localized in the cytoplasm. circ‐FAM188A enhanced YY1 expression by sponging miR‐670‐3p and was also shown to interact with ULK1.ConclusionIt is thus suggested that circ‐FAM188A modulates autophagy by sponging miR‐670‐3p as well as interacting with ULK1.