bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of visual and instrumental color matching
Authors: Igiel Christopher , Lehmann Karl Martin , Ghinea Razvan , Weyhrauch Michael , Hangx Ysbrand , Scheller Herbert , Paravina Rade D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this investigation was to evaluate intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability of visual and instrumental shade matching.Materials and MethodsForty individuals with normal color perception participated in this study. The right maxillary central incisor of a teaching model was prepared and restored with 10 feldspathic all‐ceramic crowns of different shades. A shade matching session consisted of the observer (rater) visually selecting the best match by using VITA classical A1‐D4 (VC) and VITA Toothguide 3D Master (3D) shade guides and the VITA Easyshade Advance intraoral spectrophotometer (ES) to obtain both VC and 3D matches. Three shade matching sessions were held with 4 to 6 weeks between sessions. Intra‐rater reliability was assessed based on the percentage of agreement for the three sessions for the same observer, whereas the inter‐rater reliability was calculated as mean percentage of agreement between different observers. The Fleiss' Kappa statistical analysis was used to evaluate visual inter‐rater reliability.ResultsThe mean intra‐rater reliability for the visual shade selection was 64(11) for VC and 48(10) for 3D. The corresponding ES values were 96(4) for both VC and 3D. The percentages of observers who matched the same shade with VC and 3D were 55(10) and 43(12), respectively, while corresponding ES values were 88(8) for VC and 92(4) for 3D.ConclusionsThe results for visual shade matching exhibited a high to moderate level of inconsistency for both intra‐rater and inter‐rater comparisons. The VITA Easyshade Advance intraoral spectrophotometer exhibited significantly better reliability compared with visual shade selection.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThis study evaluates the ability of observers to consistently match the same shade visually and with a dental spectrophotometer in different sessions. The intra‐rater and inter‐rater reliability (agreement of repeated shade matching) of visual and instrumental tooth color matching strongly suggest the use of color matching instruments as a supplementary tool in everyday dental practice to enhance the esthetic outcome.
How does mandibular bone atrophy influence the masticatory function, OHRQoL and satisfaction in overdenture wearers? Clinical results until 1‐year post‐loading
Authors: Marcello‐Machado R. M. , Faot F. , Schuster A. J. , Bielemann A. M. , Chagas Júnior O. L. , Del Bel Cury A. A. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThis longitudinal clinical study investigated the differences in the masticatory function (MF), satisfaction and oral health‐related quality of life (OHRQoL) between atrophic patients (AP) and non‐atrophic patients (NAP) before and after rehabilitation with mandibular overdenture (MO). Twenty‐six complete denture (CD) wearers were categorised into two groups, according to the mandibular bone atrophy (MBA) degree. MF was evaluated before and after 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of the MO loading via 2 standardised tests: (i) MP, masticatory performance (MP_X50, MPB, ME 5·6, ME 2·8) and (ii) ST, swallowing threshold (time, number of cycles, ST_X50, STB, ME 5·6, ME 2·8). The dental impact on daily living (DIDL) questionnaire measured changes in the satisfaction level and OHRQoL. MP comparisons showed significant difference only for ME 5·6 12 months after MO loading (AP=33·79 ± 23·6; NAP=17·58 ± 20·1). ST presented significant differences before MO loading for: ST_X50 (AP=5·48 ± 0·83; NAP=4·31 ± 1·44), ME 5·6 (AP=53·17 ± 24·71; NAP=29·83 ± 31·45) and ME 2·8 (AP=8·76 ± 6·91; NAP=18·61 ± 10·71). One month after MO loading, NAP performed the ST test 21% faster than AP. After 3 months, significant improvements in STB (AP=4·93 ± 4·82; NAP=2·73 ± 1·27) and ME 2·8 (AP=17·15 ± 10·00; NAP=24·69 ± 7·82) also were observed. DIDL evaluation showed significant differences in the oral comfort domain after 3 months (AP=0·66 ± 0·29; NAP=0·87 ± 0·16) and after 6 months (AP=0·79 ± 0·22; NAP=0·98 ± 0·08), with lower satisfaction levels in the AP. MBA negatively affects the MF mainly the ST. After 6 months, differences between AP and NAP disappeared and ST results were equalised. AP initially has lower satisfaction levels reaching similar levels of satisfaction as NAP after 1 year.
Early burst of reactive oxygen species positively regulates resistance of eggplant against bacterial wilt
Authors: Xiao Xi‐ou , Lin Wenqiu , Li Ke , Li Wei , Gao Xiaomin , Lv Lingling 
Published: July 2017

AbstractReactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role in the early response to plant biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, bacterial wilt‐resistant and wilt‐susceptible eggplants were inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum and the ROS content was analysed. The result revealed an increased accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide (O2−) in resistant and susceptible eggplant roots after R. solanacearum inoculation. H2O2 and O2− accumulation increased earlier in the inoculated resistant eggplant root than in the inoculated susceptible eggplant root. Real‐time polymerase chain reaction results revealed that respiratory burst oxidase homologue (Rboh) A, RbohB, RbohF and PR1 expression levels increased in inoculated resistant eggplant roots at an early stage (0–60 h postinoculation) and were at higher expression levels than those in susceptible eggplant roots. Ascorbate peroxidase, peroxidase and catalase activities were higher in inoculated resistant eggplant roots than in susceptible eggplant roots at the early stage. Hence, an early ROS burst positively regulates bacterial wilt resistance in eggplant.
Attitudes towards suicidal behaviour and associated factors among nursing professionals: A quantitative study
Authors: Giacchero Vedana K. G. , Magrini D. F. , Zanetti A. C. G. , Miasso A. I. , Borges T. L. , dos Santos M. A. 
Published: July 2017

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

Self‐confident health professionals with positive and understanding attitudes can take better care of people with suicidal behaviour, but the factors associated with these attitudes are not known.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

The majority of nursing professionals had no experience or training in mental health or suicide. They were less self‐confident and had more negative attitudes.

Nurses and nursing assistants who worked before in mental health services were more understanding with people with suicidal behaviour.

Nurses and nursing assistants who were working in prehospital services were less self‐confident to taking care of people with suicidal behaviour.

Some members of the nursing team had already seriously considered committing suicide.

What are the implications for practice?

The practicing, support and training in mental health may improve the nurses’ attitudes and emotional competencies.

It is important to know why few nurses had suicide‐related training, despite the relevance of this issue.

Training in mental health or suicide need to include attitudinal and emotional competencies.

It is important to offer emotional support to emergency nursing professionals.

AbstractBackgroundThe attitudes towards suicide of emergency nurses may affect the care provided. However, the factors associated with these attitudes remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate attitudes towards suicidal behaviour and associated factors among nursing professionals working in emergency settings.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study including 28 nurses and 118 who were nursing assistants employed at two emergency services in Brazil was conducted. Data were collected in 2015 using a self‐administered sociodemographic questionnaire and the Suicide Behavior Attitude Questionnaire (SBAQ).ResultsThe majority of participants reported having no experience or training in mental health or suicide. They reported more negative feelings towards the patient and a lower self‐perception of professional competence regarding suicidal behaviours, and these attitudes seemed to reinforce each other. Nurses who worked in mental health services reported less moralistic/judgemental attitudes. Working in prehospital services was associated with having a lower self‐perception of professional competence. There were professionals who reported thinking seriously about committing suicide.ConclusionWhen combined with support and training, practicing mental health nursing may serve as an opportunity to develop favourable attitudes and emotional competences, and these issues need to be addressed in suicide education strategies.
Telomerase enzyme deficiency promotes metabolic dysfunction in murine hepatocytes upon dietary stress
Authors: Alves‐Paiva Raquel M. , Kajigaya Sachiko , Feng Xingmin , Chen Jichun , Desierto Marie , Wong Susan , Townsley Danielle M. , Donaires Flávia S. , Bertola Adeline , Gao Bin , Young Neal S. , Calado Rodrigo T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground & AimsShort telomeres and genetic telomerase defects are risk factors for some human liver diseases, ranging from non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis to cirrhosis. In murine models, telomere dysfunction has been shown to metabolically compromise hematopoietic cells, liver and heart via the activation of the p53‐PGC axis.MethodsTert‐ and Terc‐deficient mice were challenged with liquid high‐fat diet. Liver metabolic contents were analysed by CE‐TOFMS and liver fat content was confirmed by confocal and electronic microscopy.ResultsTert‐deficient but not Terc‐deficient mice develop hepatocyte injury and frank steatosis when challenged with liquid high‐fat diet. Upon high‐fat diet, Tert−/− hepatocytes fail to engage the citric acid cycle (TCA), with an imbalance of NADPH/NADP+ and NADH/NAD+ ratios and depletion of intermediates of TCA cycle, such as cis‐aconitic acid. Telomerase deficiency caused an intrinsic metabolic defect unresponsive to environmental challenge. Chemical inhibition of telomerase by zidovudine recapitulated the abnormal Tert−/− metabolic phenotype in Terc−/− hepatocytes.ConclusionsOur findings indicate that in telomeropathies short telomeres are not the only molecular trigger and telomerase enzyme deficiency provokes hepatocyte metabolic dysfunction, abrogates response to environmental challenge, and causes cellular injury and steatosis, providing a mechanism for liver damage in telomere diseases.
Aquatic animals promote antibiotic resistance gene dissemination in water via conjugation: Role of different regions within the zebra fish intestinal tract, and impact on fish intestinal microbiota
Authors: Fu Jialun , Yang Dong , Jin Min , Liu Weili , Zhao Xin , Li Chenyu , Zhao Tianyu , Wang Jingfeng , Gao Zhixian , Shen Zhiqiang , Qiu Zhigang , Li Jun‐Wen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe aqueous environment is one of many reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Fish, as important aquatic animals which possess ideal intestinal niches for bacteria to grow and multiply, may ingest antibiotic resistance bacteria from aqueous environment. The fish gut would be a suitable environment for conjugal gene transfer including those encoding antibiotic resistance. However, little is known in relation to the impact of ingested ARGs or antibiotic resistance bacteria (ARB) on gut microbiota. Here, we applied the cultivation method, qPCR, nuclear molecular genetic marker and 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technologies to develop a plasmid‐mediated ARG transfer model of zebrafish. Furthermore, we aimed to investigate the dissemination of ARGs in microbial communities of zebrafish guts after donors carrying self‐transferring plasmids that encode ARGs were introduced in aquaria. On average, 15% of faecal bacteria obtained ARGs through RP4‐mediated conjugal transfer. The hindgut was the most important intestinal region supporting ARG dissemination, with concentrations of donor and transconjugant cells almost 25 times higher than those of other intestinal segments. Furthermore, in the hindgut where conjugal transfer occurred most actively, there was remarkable upregulation of the mRNA expression of the RP4 plasmid regulatory genes, trbBp and trfAp. Exogenous bacteria seem to alter bacterial communities by increasing Escherichia and Bacteroides species, while decreasing Aeromonas compared with control groups. We identified the composition of transconjugants and abundance of both cultivable and uncultivable bacteria (the latter accounted for 90.4%–97.2% of total transconjugants). Our study suggests that aquatic animal guts contribute to the spread of ARGs in water environments.
The proteome and transcriptome of the infectious metacyclic form of Trypanosoma brucei define quiescent cells primed for mammalian invasion
Authors: Christiano Romain , Kolev Nikolay G. , Shi Huafang , Ullu Elisabetta , Walther Tobias C. , Tschudi Christian 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe infectious metacyclic forms of Trypanosoma brucei result from a complex development in the tsetse fly vector. When they infect mammals, they cause African sleeping sickness in humans. Due to scarcity of biological material and difficulties of the tsetse fly as an experimental system, very limited information is available concerning the gene expression profile of metacyclic forms. We used an in vitro system based on expressing the RNA binding protein 6 to obtain infectious metacyclics and determined their protein and mRNA repertoires by mass‐spectrometry (MS) based proteomics and mRNA sequencing (RNA‐Seq) in comparison to non‐infectious procyclic trypanosomes. We showed that metacyclics are quiescent cells, and propose this influences the choice of a monocistronic variant surface glycoprotein expression site. Metacyclics have a largely bloodstream‐form type transcriptome, and thus are programmed to translate a bloodstream‐form type proteome upon entry into the mammalian host and resumption of cell division. Genes encoding cell surface components showed the largest changes between procyclics and metacyclics, observed at both the transcript and protein levels. Genes encoding metabolic enzymes exhibited expression in metacyclics with features of both procyclic and bloodstream forms, suggesting that this intermediate‐type metabolism is dictated by the availability of nutrients in the tsetse fly vector.
IL17A polymorphism and elevated IL17A serum levels are associated with oral lichen planus
Authors: Gueiros LA , Arão T , Souza T , Vieira CL , Gomez RS , Almeida OP , Lodi G , Leão JC 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association of IL17A G197A polymorphism and serum levels with oral lichen planus (OLP) susceptibility and clinical presentation.Subjects and MethodsEighty‐three individuals diagnosed with OLP and 99 healthy controls (C) were consecutively recruited. All participants had desquamating oral mucosal cells collected and DNA isolated for IL17A (G197A) genotyping. Blood samples of 42 OLP individuals and 23 healthy controls were collected for evaluation of IL17A serum levels.ResultsIL17A G197A genotypes were associated with an increased chance of having OLP (GA/AA × GG, OR = 3.44, 95% CI = 1.87–6.33, p < .001). Overall A carriers (GA or AA) were more common in OLP (38.1%) than in C (20.2%; OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.53–3.87, p < .001). Serum levels of IL17A were higher among patients with OLP than in healthy controls (reticular, p = .0003; erosive, p < .001), but no difference was found among the disease types.ConclusionsIL17A G197A is associated with a higher susceptibility of developing OLP and these patients seem to present a considerable increase in IL17A serum levels. These findings suggest that Th17 cells, and IL17A in particular, may play a pivotal role in OLP pathogenesis.
Cervical Epidural Injection in the Management of Refractory Pain and Stiffness in Spondyloarthropathy: A Case Report Series
Authors: Gungor Semih , Aiyer Rohit , Erkan Doruk 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe primary objective of this case series was to report the use of cervical epidural steroid injection in the management of neck pain and stiffness secondary to spondyloarthropathy in cases refractory to conservative therapy.MethodsThis was a case report series on three patients with diagnosis of spondyloarthropathy who presented with severe stiffness and non‐radicular axial neck pain refractory to conservative therapy. All patients received cervical epidural steroid injections with significant improvement of their axial neck pain and stiffness.ResultsCervical epidural steroid injections may be effective to improve the axial neck pain and stiffness in patients with diagnosis of spondyloarthropathy refractory to conservative management. Thus, we believe that epidural steroid injections should be considered in the management of patients with spondyloarthopathies.
Multicenter study for brain/body hypothermia for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy: Changes inHMGB‐1
Authors: Nakamura Toshihiko , Asanuma Hideomi , Kusuda Satoshi , Imai Ken , Hosono Shigeharu , Kato Ryota , Suzuki Satoshi , Yokoi Kyoko , Kokubo Minoru , Yamada Shingo , Kamohara Takashi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundWe measured changes in the blood level of high‐mobility group box‐1 (HMGB‐1) at 24 h intervals in neonates treated with brain/body hypothermia (body hypothermia therapy:BHT) for hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), to evaluate the usefulness ofHMGB‐1 level for determining outcomes.MethodsWe studied 15 neonates withHIEwho underwentBHT(BHT(+) group) and six neonates withHIEwho did not (BHT(–) group). We recordedHMGB‐1 changes at 24 h intervals, creatinine phosphokinase, and the resistance index of the anterior cerebral artery. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to determine short‐term outcome.ResultBaselineHMGB‐1 was significantly higher in theBHT(+) group than in theBHT(–) group. Thereafter,HMGB‐1 in theBHT(+) group significantly decreased at 24 h intervals, reaching the reference range by 2 days of age. In theBHT(+) group, when patients were classified into clinically significant neurological disorder due toHIE(+) and (–) according toMRI, the neurological disorder (+) group had higher meanHMGB‐1.ConclusionsInHIE,HMGB‐1 differs according to the presence ofBHT, suggesting thatHMGB‐1 measurement soon after birth might be useful for determiningBHTnecessity and short‐term outcome.
Population structure of the ash dieback pathogen, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, in relation to its mode of arrival in the UK
Authors: Orton E. S. , Brasier C. M. , Bilham L. J. , Bansal A. , Webber J. F. , Brown J .K. M. 
Published: July 2017

The ash dieback fungus, Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, a destructive, alien pathogen of common ash (Fraxinus excelsior), has spread across Europe over the past 25 years and was first observed in the UK in 2012. To investigate the relationship of the pathogen's population structure to its mode of arrival, isolates were obtained from locations in England and Wales, either where established natural populations of ash had been infected by wind‐dispersed ascospores or where the fungus had been introduced on imported planting stock. Population structure was determined by tests for vegetative compatibility (VC), mating type and single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). VC heterogeneity was high at all locations, with 96% of isolate pairings being incompatible. Frequencies of the MAT1‐1‐1 and MAT1‐2‐1 idiomorphs were approximately equal, consistent with H. fraxineus being an obligate outbreeder. Most SNP variation occurred within study location and there was little genetic differentiation between the two types of location in the UK, or between pathogen populations in the UK and continental Europe. There was modest differentiation between UK subpopulations, consistent with genetic variation between source populations in continental Europe. However, there was no evidence of strong founder effects, indicating that numerous individuals of H. fraxineus initiated infection at each location, regardless of the route of pathogen transmission. The ssRNA virus HfMV1 was present at moderate to high frequencies in all UK subpopulations. The results imply that management of an introduced plant pathogen requires action against its spread at the continental level involving coordinated efforts by European countries.
Relative Deprivation and Perceived Inefficacy of the Civil Rights Movement and of Black Elected Officials*
Authors: Brown Tony N. , Kettrey Heather Hensman , Duncan‐Shippy Ebony M. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThis study addresses whether relative deprivation theory explains why some blacks perceive that the civil rights movement and black elected officials failed to improve the lot of the black community, including their own life chances.MethodsWe use data from a nationally representative survey of black adults, collected approximately 15 years after the passing of landmark civil rights legislation.ResultsNet of control variables, we find that relative deprivation associates significantly and positively with perceived inefficacy of black elected officials. However, relative deprivation does not predict perceptions of the civil rights movement as ineffective.ConclusionsWe know too little about mechanisms that produce variation in blacks’ perceptions of race‐related social change. Today's economic and sociopolitical climate provides a unique opportunity to explore and explain such variation.
Risk factors and long‐term outcomes of parvovirus B19 infection in kidney transplant patients
Authors: Baek Chung Hee , Kim Hyosang , Yang Won Seok , Han Duck Jong , Park Su‐Kil 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundParvovirus B19 is a small, non‐enveloped, single‐stranded DNA virus with a special affinity for the erythroid progenitor cells of the bone marrow. The first case of parvovirus B19 infection in a kidney transplant recipient (KTR) was reported in 1986. Data on the risk factors and specific clinical characteristics of parvovirus B19 infection remain insufficient.MethodsWe screened 602 KTRs for parvovirus B19 infection using parvovirus B19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from January 1990 to April 2016, and the clinical characteristics of patients with positive results were compared to those of age‐ and gender‐matched patients with negative PCR results.ResultsA total of 39 KTRs tested positive for parvovirus B19, and they were compared to 78 age‐ and gender‐matched patients among 563 KTRs who had negative PCR results. In all, 89.7% of positive cases were reported within the first year after kidney transplantation. In multivariate analyses, deceased‐donor kidney transplantation (odds ratio [OR] 9.067, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.668‐49.275, P = .011), use of tacrolimus (OR 3.607, 95% CI 1.024‐12.706, P = .046), PCR test within 1 year of kidney transplantation (OR 12.456, 95% CI 2.674‐58.036, P = .001), and hemoglobin levels (OR 0.559, 95% CI 0.351‐0.889, P = .014) showed significant correlations with parvovirus B19 infection. Graft survival did not differ between the two groups during the follow‐up period of 111.68 ± 54.54 months (P = .685 by log‐rank test).ConclusionThe identification of factors related to positive parvovirus B19 PCR results may promote the early detection of parvovirus B19 infection. Further studies are needed to elucidate the characteristics of parvovirus B19 infection in kidney transplantation.