bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of 0.4Li2MnO3·0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 with tunable morphologies via polyacrylonitrile as a template and applications in lithium‐ion batteries
Authors: Miao Xiaowei , Ni Huan , Sha Xuerong , Wang Ting , Fang Jianhui , Yang Gang 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTSamples of 0.4Li2MnO3·0.6LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (LMO) with tunable morphologies were synthesized via polyacrylonitrile (PAN) as a template. The starting PAN/N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) ratios, including 1:9, 1:10, 1:12, and 1:14, were optimized for the fiber morphologies and electrochemical performance. Through electrospinning, metal salts were well dispersed in the PAN fibers. The crystal structure and morphologies of the PAN/LMO fibers were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. Along with the decrease in the concentration of PAN in the precursor, the diameters of the PAN/LMO fibers decreased. On the other hand, at the highest and lowest concentrations, 1:9 and 1:14, of PAN with DMF, micrometer PAN fibers were electrospun, whereas ratios of PAN to DMF of 1:10 and 1:12 resulted in the electrospinning of millimeter‐long fibers of PAN. In the interface of PAN and metal salts, LMOs were grown and accompanied the decomposition of PAN, and the crystal morphologies of LMO quite depended on the diameter and length of the PAN/LMO nanofibers. During heat treatment, the morphologies of the PAN fibers controlled the removal of small molecules and the crystal morphologies of LMOs. The charge/discharge results indicate that LMO with a tubular structure delivered a capacity of 262.3 mAh/g at a cutoff voltage of 2.5–4.8 V at a 0.1 C rate. Benefitting from a unique hollow and nanocrystalline architecture, it also exhibited good rate and cycling performances. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43022.
Specific heavy metal ion recovery with ion‐imprinted cryogels
Authors: Jalilzadeh Mitra , Uzun Lokman , Şenel Serap , Denizli Adil 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, the functional monomers, N‐methacryloyl‐l‐aspartic acid and N‐methacryloyl‐l‐cysteine were synthesized through a reaction between appropriate amino acids and methacryloyl chloride. Then, Pb(II) or Cd(II) ion‐imprinted 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate based cryogels were prepared by free radical polymerization method under partially frozen conditions. Following the characterization of matrices, adsorption of heavy metal ions was examined in batch mode from aqueous solution considering several parameters affecting the adsorption performance. The actual adsorption capacities were 44.5, 65.3, and 86.7 mg/g for Cd‐1, Cd‐2, and Cd‐3 cryogels meanwhile those were 41.9, 86.3, and 122.7 mg/g for Pb‐1, Pb‐2, and Pb‐3 cryogels, respectively at optimum pH: 5.5. By increasing temperature, adsorption capabilities of both cryogels were inhibited because of the electrostatic nature of coordinated covalent bonds and collapsing of coordination spheres. The adsorption process was very fast, the equilibrium adsorption was achieved in about 60 min, which was directly related to macroporous structure and interconnected flow‐channels of cryogels. Kinetics and adsorption isotherms were also studied. Langmuir isotherms and pseudo‐second order kinetic model were well suited to adsorption data, which also indicated that the process occurred without any diffusion restrictions or steric hindrances. Finally, the competitive adsorption studies were performed using multi‐ion containing synthetic wastewater to show whether the cryogels developed are suitable for specific heavy metal recycling or not. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43095.
Preparation, structure, and property of wood flour incorporated polypropylene composites prepared by a solid‐state mechanochemical method
Authors: Niu Zhihai , Chen Yinghong , Feng Jiabing 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIn this article, a solid‐state mechanochemical method based on a pan‐mill equipment was used to prepare 60 wt % loading of wood flour (WF) incorporated polypropylene (PP) wood–plastic composite (WPC) with good comprehensive performance. The particle size distribution, crystallization, microstructure, and properties of the prepared WPC were accordingly investigated. The results show that under co‐effects of the strong shear force field of pan milling and the compatibilization of PP grafted maleic anhydride (PP‐g‐MAH), the mixture of PP and WF is effectively pulverized and homogeneously mixed. Meanwhile, the WF particles are adequately activated by exposure of their characteristic functional groups, which is beneficial to the interfacial mechanochemical reaction. PP‐g‐MAH and PP prove to be in situ grafted onto WF particles surface during pan milling, thus resulting in the substantial enhancement in both the dispersion of the added WF fillers in PP matrix and the interfacial bonding. The mechanochemical effects of pan milling could also remarkably promote the heterogeneous nucleation effect of WF particles on PP crystallization and influence the dynamic mechanical behavior of composite. Compared with the unmilled and uncompatibilized composite, the milled and compatibilized WPC material possesses greatly enhanced mechanical performance and shows good application prospects. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43108.
A Novel Method of Urinary Sphincter Deficiency: Serial Histopathology Evaluation in a Rat Model of Urinary Incontinence
Authors: Khorramirouz Reza , Mozafarpour Sarah , Kameli Seyedeh Maryam , Ladi Seyedian Seyedeh Sanam , Oveisi Nasim , Rahimi Zahra , Alijani Maryam , Kajbafzadeh Abdol‐Mohammad 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTIn this study, a novel technique of irreversible sphincter deficiency by pudendal nerve transection (PNT) using 40 female rats for studying the pathophysiology of stress urinary incontinence associated with childbirth was developed. Of the 40 rats, 10 served as controls and the remaining underwent bilateral PNT at the anastomotic lumbosacral trunk level. Urethral morphological changes following bilateral PNT were assessed with serial hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining methods at 50, 90, and 130 days post‐intervention. Leak point pressure (LPP) measurement was used to determine the effect of pudendal injury on urethral outlet resistance after the transection. H&E and IHC staining showed irreversible loss of striated muscle mass of the sphincter region and increase in collagen deposition compatible with muscle atrophy. LPP measurements also significantly decreased following bilateral PNT. In conclusion, a novel method of irreversible sphincter insufficiency was developed. This model effectively decreased urethral outlet resistance and caused irreversible striated muscle atrophy. It was suggested that this technique can be used to develop a permanent sphincter deficiency model for the preclinical testing of treatment modalities exclusively triggering the pudendal nerve. Anat Rec, 299:173–180, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anti‐Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Triptolide via the NF‐κB Signaling Pathway in a Rat MCAO Model
Authors: Bai Shi , Hu Zhiying , Yang Yang , Yin Yifei , Li Weiyun , Wu Lijuan , Fang Marong 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTStroke is the leading cause of neurological disability in humans. Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) followed by reperfusion is widely accepted to mimic stroke in basic medical research. Triptolide is one of the major active components of the traditional Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, and has been reported to have potent anti‐inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. Since its preclinical effects on stroke were still unclear, we decided to study the effects of Triptolide on focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in this study. The results showed that Triptolide treatment significantly attenuates brain infarction volume, water content, neurological deficits, and neuronal cell death rate, which were increased in the MCAO model rats. Immunohistochemistry was used to analyze the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2), inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), and NF‐κB in the ischemic brains. The administration of Triptolide showed down‐regulation of the iNOS, COX‐2, GFAP, and NF‐κB expression in MCAO rats. It also increased the expression of bcl‐2, and suppressed levels of bax and caspase‐3 compared with the MCAO group. Our findings revealed that Triptolide exerts its neuroprotective effects against inflammation with the involvement of inhibition of NF‐κB activation. Anat Rec, 299:256–266, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Tetramer formation of tumor suppressor protein p53: Structure, function, and applications
Authors: Kamada Rui , Toguchi Yu , Nomura Takao , Imagawa Toshiaki , Sakaguchi Kazuyasu 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTTetramer formation of p53 is essential for its tumor suppressor function. p53 not only acts as a tumor suppressor protein by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress, but it also regulates other cellular processes, including autophagy, stem cell self‐renewal, and reprogramming of differentiated cells into stem cells, immune system, and metastasis. More than 50% of human tumors have TP53 gene mutations, and most of them are missense mutations that presumably reduce tumor suppressor activity of p53. This review focuses on the role of the tetramerization (oligomerization), which is modulated by the protein concentration of p53, posttranslational modifications, and/or interactions with its binding proteins, in regulating the tumor suppressor function of p53. Functional control of p53 by stabilizing or inhibiting oligomer formation and its bio‐applications are also discussed. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 598–612, 2016.
Willingness to Pay for Green Products in Air Travel: Ready for Take‐Off?
Authors: Hinnen Gieri , Hille Stefanie Lena , Wittmer Andreas 
Published: November 2015

AbstractWe examine the willingness to pay (WTP) for green products in air travel. Green products in aviation are supplementary services, which are sold on top of the travel service (e.g. carbon offsets, organic on‐board food). We identify a set of potential green products in aviation and report the preferences for additional airline services of 811 Swiss air travellers using an adaptive choice‐based conjoint survey. We find that 20% of those passengers who are interested in purchasing supplementary services show a considerable WTP for green products. The green segment differs from the regular segment only in terms of behavioural features, not in terms of demographic or socio‐economic characteristics. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Titanium‐Microfiber‐Supported Binary‐Oxide Nanocomposite with a Large Highly Active Interface for the Gas‐Phase Selective Oxidation of Benzyl Alcohol
Authors: Zhao Guofeng , Fan Songyu , Tao Longgang , Chai Ruijuan , Zhang Qiaofei , Liu Ye , Lu Yong 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThin‐sheet sinter‐locked Ti‐microfiber‐supported binary‐oxide‐nanocomposite catalysts engineered on the micro‐ to macroscales were developed for the gas‐phase aerobic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde. The catalysts demonstrated higher activity than single‐oxide and noble‐metal catalysts with good stability and regenerability. The catalysts were obtained by placing transient metal (e.g., Ni, Co, Cu, Mn) nitrates onto a Ti‐microfiber surface by impregnation, and the supported nitrates were subsequently in situ transformed into the binary‐oxide composites in the real reaction stream at 300 °C. Among them, CoO‐2.5–CuOx‐2.5/Ti‐fiber was found to be the best catalyst; it delivered 93.5 % conversion of benzyl alcohol (b.p. 210 °C) with 99.2 % selectivity to benzaldehyde at 230 °C. In situ induced formation of “CoO@Cu2O” ensembles (i.e., larger CoO nanoparticles partially covered with smaller Cu2O clusters and/or nanoparticles) was identified, which by nature resulted in a large Cu2O–CoO interface and led to a significant improvement in the low‐temperature activity.
Fabrication of Ruthenium Nanoparticles in Porous Organic Polymers: Towards Advanced Heterogeneous Catalytic Nanoreactors
Authors: Mondal John , Kundu Sudipta K. , Hung Ng Wilson Kwok , Singuru Ramana , Borah Parijat , Hirao Hajime , Zhao Yanli , Bhaumik Asim 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA novel strategy has been adopted for the construction of a copolymer of benzene–benzylamine‐1 (BBA‐1), which is a porous organic polymer (POP) with a high BET surface area, through Friedel–Crafts alkylation of benzylamine and benzene by using formaldehyde dimethyl acetal as a cross‐linker and anhydrous FeCl3 as a promoter. Ruthenium nanoparticles (Ru NPs) were successfully distributed in the interior cavities of polymers through NaBH4, ethylene glycol, and hydrothermal reduction routes, which delivered Ru‐A, Ru‐B, and Ru‐C materials, respectively, and avoided aggregation of metal NPs. Homogeneous dispersion, the nanoconfinement effect of the polymer, and the oxidation state of Ru NPs were verified by employing TEM, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy mapping, cross polarization magic‐angle spinning 13C NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analytical tools. These three new Ru‐based POP materials exhibited excellent catalytic performance in the hydrogenation of nitroarenes at RT (with a reaction time of only ≈30 min), with high conversion, selectivity, stability, and recyclability for several catalytic cycles, compared with other traditional materials, such as Ru@C, Ru@SiO2, and Ru@TiO2, but no clear agglomeration or loss of catalytic activity was observed. The high catalytic performance of the ruthenium‐based POP materials is due to the synergetic effect of nanoconfinement and electron donation offered by the 3D POP network. DFT calculations showed that hydrogenation of nitrobenzene over the Ru (0001) catalyst surface through a direct reaction pathway is more favorable than that through an indirect reaction pathway.
A Redox‐Active Dinuclear Platinum Complex Exhibiting Multicolored Electrochromism and Luminescence
Authors: Yoshida Masaki , Yashiro Naoki , Shitama Hotaka , Kobayashi Atsushi , Kato Masako 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA redox series of cyclometalated platinum complexes based on a dinuclear motif linked by acetamidato (aam) bridging ligands, [Pt2(μ‐aam)2(ppy)2] (ppy−=2‐phenylpyridinate ion), has been synthesized. The complexes in this series are easily oxidized and reduced by both electrochemical and chemical methods, and this is accompanied by multistep changes in their optical properties, that is, multiple color changes and luminescence. Isolation of the complexes and the structural determination of three oxidation states, +2, +2.33, and +3, have been achieved. The mixed‐valent complex, with an average oxidation state of +2.33, forms a trimer based on the dinuclear motif. The mixed‐valent complex has a characteristic color owing to intervalence transitions in the platinum chain. In contrast, the divalent complex exhibits strong red phosphorescence originating from a triplet metal‐metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (3MMLCT) state. This study demonstrates the unique chromic behavior of a redox‐active and luminescent platinum complex.
Formation of MgxNbyOx+y through the Mechanochemical Reaction of MgH2 and Nb2O5, and Its Effect on the Hydrogen‐Storage Behavior of MgH2
Authors: Pukazhselvan D. , Perez José , Nasani Narendar , Bdikin Igor , Kovalevsky Andrei V. , Fagg Duncan Paul 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe present study aims to understand the catalysis of the MgH2–Nb2O5 hydrogen storage system. To clarify the chemical interaction between MgH2 and Nb2O5, the mechanochemical reaction products of a composite mixture of MgH2+0.167 Nb2O5 was monitored at different time intervals (2, 5, 15, 30, and 45 min, as well as 1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 h). The study confirms the formation of catalytically active Nb‐doped MgO nanoparticles (typically MgxNbyOx+y, with a crystallite size of 4–8 nm) by transforming reactants through an intermediate phase typified by Mgm−xNb2n−yO5n−(x+y). The initially formed MgxNbyOx+y product is shown to be Nb rich, with the concentration of Mg increasing upon increasing milling time. The nanoscale end‐product MgxNbyOx+y closely resembles the crystallographic features of MgO, but with at least a 1–4 % higher unit cell volume. Unlike MgO, which is known to passivate the surfaces in MgH2 system, the Nb‐dissolved MgO effectively mediates the Mg–H2 sorption reaction in the system. We believe that this observation will lead to new developments in the area of catalysis for metal–gas interactions.
Fighting Fenton Chemistry: A Highly Active Iron(III) Tetracarbene Complex in Epoxidation Catalysis
Authors: Kück Jens W. , Anneser Markus R. , Hofmann Benjamin , Pöthig Alexander , Cokoja Mirza , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOrganometallic Fe complexes with exceptionally high activities in homogeneous epoxidation catalysis are reported. The compounds display FeII and FeIII oxidation states and bear a tetracarbene ligand. The more active catalyst exhibits activities up to 183 000 turnovers per hour at room temperature and turnover numbers of up to 4300 at −30 °C. For the FeIII complex, a decreased Fenton‐type reactivity is observed compared with FeII catalysts reported previously as indicated by a substantially lower H2O2 decomposition and higher (initial) turnover frequencies. The dependence of the catalyst performance on the catalyst loading, substrate, water addition, and the oxidant is investigated. Under all applied conditions, the advantageous nature of the use of the FeIII complex is evident.
Plant invasions differentially affected by diversity and dominant species in native‐ and exotic‐dominated grasslands
Authors: Xu Xia , Polley H. Wayne , Hofmockel Kirsten , Daneshgar Pedram P. , Wilsey Brian J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPlant invasions are an increasingly serious global concern, especially as the climate changes. Here, we explored how plant invasions differed between native‐ and novel exotic‐dominated grasslands with experimental addition of summer precipitation in Texas in 2009. Exotic species greened up earlier than natives by an average of 18 days. This was associated with a lower invasion rate early in the growing season compared to native communities. However, invasion rate did not differ significantly between native and exotic communities across all sampling times. The predictors of invasion rate differed between native and exotic communities, with invasion being negatively influenced by species richness in natives and by dominant species in exotics. Interestingly, plant invasions matched the bimodal pattern of precipitation in Temple, Texas, and did not respond to the pulse of precipitation during the summer. Our results suggest that we will need to take different approaches in understanding of invasion between native and exotic grasslands. Moreover, with anticipated increasing variability in precipitation under global climate change, plant invasions may be constrained in their response if the precipitation pulses fall outside the normal growing period of invaders.
Changes in groundwater oscillations, soil water content and evapotranspiration as the water table declined in an area with deep rooted phreatophytes
Authors: Devitt D.A. , Bird B. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractGroundwater in remote valleys of the Great Basin (NV, USA) has been approved by the State Engineer for pumping and export. Deep rooted shrubs such as greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus) are partially dependent on this groundwater to meet plant water needs. To assess the impact of a falling water table on greasewood, we monitored evapotranspiration, reference evapotranspiration and precipitation, along with daily groundwater levels for 6·2 years. Groundwater levels declined 130 cm in a highly linear fashion (p < 0·001) over this period. Groundwater oscillations ceased in 2007 followed by a 2225‐day quiescent period but then returned to daily oscillations late in 2013 for a 32‐day period. The oscillation signature in 2013 coincided with the water level transitioning from sediment with 89% sand to a new horizon with only 8% sand. In 2013, we detected a soil water content depression at both 800 and 900 cm starting in early May that lasted 137 days, ending prior to the groundwater oscillation period when significant rainfall occurred in late August and early September. Soil water storage increase in the surface zone during the active growing period of 2013 was highly correlated (R2 = 0·77, p < 0·001) to changes in the lower unsaturated zone, suggesting a link between soil water storage zones based on precipitation and plant water extraction. Although the water table declined below 10·7 m and groundwater decoupling did not occur, the current rate of decline driven solely by groundwater pumping for the irrigation of alfalfa fields would suggest extensive pumping for diversion outside of the basin would not be sustainable with regard to maintaining healthy greasewood plants that have a finite rooting depth. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Improved frying stability of canola oil blended with palm olein and virgin olive oils as affected by bene kernel oil and its unsaponifiable matter
Authors: Sharayei Parvin , Farhoosh Reza 
Published: November 2015

Bene kernel oil and its unsaponifiable matter fraction, which have been known to be very effective natural sources of antioxidative compounds, were used to improve the frying stability of canola oil blended with palm olein and virgin olive oils (75:15:10) at 180°C. The powerful synthetic antioxidant tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ, 100 mg/kg) was employed for the comparative purposes. Frying stability of the oil samples was measured based on the variations of conjugated diene value, carbonyl value, total polar compounds content, thermo‐oxidative and hydrolytic components, and the content of total tocopherols. In the presence of bene kernel oil and its unsaponifiable matter fraction the conjugated diene (194–224 vs. 244%) and carbonyl values decreased significantly (183–265 vs. 358%). Furthermore, the antioxidative additives showed more inhibitory effect on thermo‐oxidative reactions than hydrolytic ones during the frying process. The best frying performance was obtained by using 1000 mg/kg of bene kernel oil and 100 mg/kg of the unsaponifiable matter fraction of bene kernel oil and TBHQ.Practical applications: The frying stability of the canola oil increased in the presence of with palm olein and virgin olive oils. Furthermore, canola oil blended with palm olein and virgin olive oils (75:15:10) containing the Bene kernel oil, unsaponifiable matter fraction of bene kernel oil, and tert‐butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) showed much more considerable frying stability, indicating their antioxidative activities. It was interesting to find that there was no marked difference between the effect of 1000 mg/kg Bene kernel oil, 100 mg/kg unsaponifiable matter fraction of bene kernel oil, and 100 mg/kg TBHQ.Among the different groups of thermo‐oxidative polar components, the contents of the triglyceride dimers (TGD), and triglyceride polymers (TGP) should be considered carefully, as feeding trials showed that they were fairly well absorbed and presented toxic or other biological effects. Therefore, a number of European countries, for example, Belgium and the Czech Republic, has legislated a 10% maximal TGDP (TGD + TGP) content as a criterion for evaluating used frying oils. The TGDP content of the canola oil and their blends during the frying process at 180°C showed linear increases (R2 > 0.98) from 3.17–4.3 to 64.23–156.5 mg/g at the end of the frying process. Considering the cutoff point of 10% TGDP, Fig shows the maximum time that the CAOs could be used for frying. These critical times for the CAO and their blends were significantly different and calculated to be 29.2–54.80 h. It was interesting to find that there was no marked difference between the effect of 100 mg/kg UFB and 100 mg/kg TBHQ (54.04 and 54.74).