bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EphA4‐deleted microenvironment regulates cancer development and leukemoid reaction of the isografted 4T1 murine breast cancer via reduction of an IGF1 signal
Authors: Jing Xuefeng , Sonoki Takashi , Miyajima Masayasu , Sawada Takahiro , Terada Nanako , Takemura Shigeki , Sakaguchi Kazushige 
Published: February 2016

AbstractEphA4 belongs to the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Although EphA4 is highly expressed in the central nervous system, EphA4 has also been implicated in cancer progression. Most of the studies focus on the expression and function in tumor cells. It is unknown whether EphA4‐deleted microenvironment affects tumor progression. Some of cancers in animals and humans, such as 4T1 cancer cells, are known to produce a large amount of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factors (G‐CSF/Csf3) which can stimulate myeloproliferation, such as myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) leading to a poor recipient prognosis. We isografted 4T1 breast cancer cells into both EphA4‐knockout and control wild‐type female littermate mice. The results showed that the EphA4‐deleted host could inhibit primary tumor growth and tumor metastasis mainly by decreasing the amount of IGF1 synthesis in the circulation and locally tissues. The EphA4‐deleted microenvironment and delayed tumor development reduced the production of G‐CSF resulting in the decrease of splenomegaly and leukemoid reaction including MDSCs, which in turn inhibit the tumor progression. This inhibition can be reversed by supplying the mice with IGF1. However, an excess of IGF1 supply over demand to the control mice could not further accelerate the tumor growth and metastasis. A better understanding and re‐evaluation of the main role of IGF1 in regulating tumor progression could further enhance our cognition of the tumor development niche. Our findings demonstrated that EphA4‐deleted microenvironment impairs tumor‐supporting conditions. Conclusion: Host EphA4 expression regulates cancer development mainly via EphA4‐mediated IGF1 synthesis signal. Thus, targeting this signaling pathway may provide a potential therapeutic option for cancer treatment.
The prognostic significance of monoclonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement in conjunction with histologic B‐cell aggregates in the bone marrow of patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma
Authors: Cho Yoon Ah , Yang Woo Ick , Song Jae‐Woo , Min Yoo Hong , Yoon Sun Och 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBone marrow involvement (BMI) is a well‐known poor prognostic factor in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study robustly investigated the significance of monoclonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement combined with histologic B‐cell aggregates in bone marrow (BM) in the detection of a poor prognostic group. Pretreatment BM samples of 394 DLBCL patients were analyzed via the immunoglobulin gene rearrangement study and the microscopic examination. Monoclonal immunoglobulin gene rearrangement was detected in 25.4% of cases. Histologic B‐cell aggregates with the features of large B‐cell lymphoma aggregates, small cell B‐cell lymphoma aggregates, or B‐cell aggregates of unknown biological potential were observed in 12% of cases (6.9%, 1.3%, and 3.8%, respectively). Histologic B‐cell aggregates were more associated with monoclonality than polyclonality. Cases with both monoclonality and histologic B‐cell aggregates demonstrated close association with poor prognostic factors such as a higher International Prognostic Index score and showed an inferior overall survival rate when compared to cases with only monoclonality or only histologic B‐cell aggregates. From the findings, a combination of monoclonality and histologic B‐cell aggregates within the bone marrow was highly associated with poor prognosis and could be used to determine high‐risk DLBLC patients with greater sensitivity and specificity than conventional microscopic examination or immunoglobulin gene rearrangement study alone.
Long‐term risk of gastrointestinal cancers in persons with gastric or duodenal ulcers
Authors: Søgaard Kirstine K. , Farkas Dóra K , Pedersen Lars , Lund Jennifer L. , Thomsen Reimar W. , Sørensen Henrik T. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractPeptic ulcer predicts gastric cancer. It is controversial if peptic ulcers predict other gastrointestinal cancers, potentially related to Helicobacter pylori or shared lifestyle factors. We hypothesized that gastric and duodenal ulcers may have different impact on the risk of gastrointestinal cancers. In a nationwide cohort study using Danish medical databases 1994–2013, we quantified the risk of gastric and other gastrointestinal cancers among patients with duodenal ulcers (dominantly H. pylori‐related) and gastric ulcers (dominantly lifestyle‐related) compared with the general population. We started follow‐up 1‐year after ulcer diagnosis to avoid detection bias and calculated absolute risks of cancer and standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). We identified 54,565 patients with gastric ulcers and 38,576 patients with duodenal ulcers. Patient characteristics were similar in the two cohorts. The 1–5‐year risk of any gastrointestinal cancer was slightly higher for gastric ulcers patients (2.1%) than for duodenal ulcers patients (2.0%), and SIRs were 1.38 (95% CI: 1.31–1.44) and 1.30 (95% CI: 1.23–1.37), respectively. The SIR of gastric cancer was higher among patients with gastric ulcer than duodenal ulcer (1.92 vs. 1.38), while the SIRs for other gastrointestinal cancers were similar (1.33 vs. 1.29). Compared with gastric ulcer patients, duodenal ulcer patients were at lower risk of smoking‐ and alcohol‐related gastrointestinal cancers. The risk of nongastric gastrointestinal cancers is increased both for patients with gastric ulcers and with duodenal ulcers, but absolute risks are low. H. pylori may be less important for the development of nongastric gastrointestinal cancer than hypothesized.
Mixed‐methods Evaluation of the Good Behaviour Game in English Primary Schools
Authors: Coombes Lindsey , Chan Gail , Allen Debby , Foxcroft DAVID R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractInclusivity of all children in education and within educational settings is an important value and goal. Yet, where settings and practices are not oriented for inclusivity and engagement, some children can struggle with academic tasks and are often marginalised and exhibit disruptive behaviours. The study reported here addresses the social nature of school as a community for learning through a mixed‐methods concurrent triangulation evaluation of the implementation of the Good Behaviour Game (GBG) in six primary (elementary) schools with 10 classes and 222 children in Oxfordshire, England. The Teacher Observation of Classroom Adaptations ‐ Revised (TOCA‐R) was administered in individual interviews with class teachers. Additionally, individual semi‐structured interviews were conducted with teachers, coaches and head teachers (n = 22). In a pre–post design, improvements in child adaptation were observed on all TOCA‐R subscales. In an integrative analysis that brought together quantitative and qualitative findings, pupil improvement was identified in three major areas: inclusion and social participation, behaviour, and concentration. Interview results also highlighted the substantial practical challenges associated with implementing and using the GBG in schools in the UK. Overall, the results of this study support the idea that social relationships within the school community, between pupils and between pupils and teachers, provide an important context for learning and social development. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dehalogenation Activity of Selected Fungi Toward δ‐Iodo‐γ‐Lactone Derived from trans,trans‐Farnesol
Authors: Gliszczyńska Anna , Gładkowski Witold , Świtalska Marta , Wietrzyk Joanna , Szumny Antoni , Gębarowska Elżbieta , Wawrzeńczyk Czesław 
Published: February 2016

Time‐course of biotransformation of racemic trans‐4‐((E)‐4′,8′‐dimethylnona‐3′,7′‐dien‐1‐yl)‐5‐iodomethyl‐4‐methyldihydrofuran‐2‐one (1) in fungal and yeast cultures was investigated. In these conditions, the substrate 1 was enantioselectively dehalogenated yielding 4‐((E)‐4′,8′‐dimethylnona‐3′,7′‐dien‐1‐yl)‐4‐methyl‐5‐methylenedihydrofuran‐2‐one (2) and its structure was established based on the spectroscopic data. The most effective biocatalyst used was Didymosphaeria igniaria, which catalyzed the process with highest rate and enantioselectivity (ee of product = 76%). The antiproliferative activity of δ‐iodo‐γ‐lactone 1, product of its biotransformation 2, and starting substrate (farnesol) were evaluated toward two cancer cell lines: A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma) and HL‐60 (human promyelocytic leukemia).
Supramolecular Photoinduced Electron Transfer between a Redox‐Active Hexanuclear Metal–Organic Cylinder and an Encapsulated Ruthenium(II) Complex
Authors: Yang Lu , He Cheng , Liu Xin , Zhang Jing , Sun Hui , Guo Huimin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBy using redox‐active nickel(II) ions as the connect nodes, a hexanuclear metal–organic cylinder (Ni‐YL) was achieved through self‐assembly with a large cavity and an opening windows capable to accommodate guest molecules. The suitable cavity of Ni‐YL provides an opportunity to encapsulate the anionic ruthenium bipyridine derivative [Ru(dcbpy)3] (dcbpy=2,2′‐bipyridine‐4,4′‐dicarboxylic acid) as the photosensitizer for light‐driven reactions. The host–guest behavior between Ni‐YL and [Ru(dcbpy)3] was investigated by mass spectrometry, NMR spectroscopy, and computational studies, revealing an effective binding of the guest [Ru(dcbpy)3] within the cavity of Ni‐YL. Optical experiments suggested a pseudo‐intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process between the [Ru(dcbpy)3] and the host Ni‐YL, leading to an efficient light‐driven hydrogen production based on this system. Control experiments with a mononuclear Ni complex as a reference photocatalyst and the inactive [Fe(dcbpy)3] as an inhibitor for comparison were also performed to confirm such a supramolecular photocatalysis process.
Diastereoselective Radical Hydroacylation of Alkylidenemalonates with Aliphatic Aldehydes Initiated by Photolysis of Hypervalent Iodine(III) Reagents
Authors: Selvakumar Sermadurai , Sakamoto Ryu , Maruoka Keiji 
Published: February 2016

AbstractDiastereoselective radical hydroacylation of chiral alkylidenemalonates with aliphatic aldehydes is realized by the combination of a hypervalent iodine(III) reagent and UV‐light irradiation. The reaction is initiated by the photolysis of hypervalent iodine(III) reagents under mild, metal‐free conditions, and is the first example of diastereoselective addition of acyl radicals to olefins to afford chiral ketones in a highly stereoselective fashion. The obtained optically active ketones are useful chiral synthons, as exemplified by the short formal synthesis of (−)‐methyleneolactocin.
Lipase‐Catalyzed Kinetic Resolution of Novel Antifungal N‐Substituted Benzimidazole Derivatives
Authors: Łukowska‐Chojnacka Edyta , Staniszewska Monika , Bondaryk Małgorzata , Maurin Jan K. , Bretner Maria 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA series of new N‐substituted benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized and their antifungal activity against Candida albicans was evaluated. The chemical step included synthesis of appropriate ketones containing benzimidazole ring, reduction of ketones to the racemic alcohols, and acetylation of alcohols to the esters. All benzimidazole derivatives were obtained with satisfactory yields and in relatively short times. All synthesized compounds exhibit significant antifungal activity against Candida albicans 900028 ATCC (% cell inhibition at 0.25 μg concentration > 98%). Additionally, racemic mixtures of alcohols were separated by lipase‐catalyzed kinetic resolution. In the enzymatic step a transesterification reaction was applied and the influence of a lipase type and solvent on the enantioselectivity of the reaction was studied. The most selective enzymes were Novozyme SP 435 and lipase Amano AK from Pseudomonas fluorescens (E > 100). Chirality 28:347–354, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Boron Nitride Nanotubes and Layer‐By‐Layer Polyelectrolyte Coating for Yeast Cell Surface Engineering
Authors: Emanet Melis , Fakhrullin Rawil , Çulha Mustafa 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe application of living microbial cells as molecular engines for a variety of biotechnological applications including cell‐based biosensing is an ongoing research effort. However, there are significant difficulties to overcome such as the fragile structures of microbial cells and the weak efficiency of developed systems for detecting toxic agents in the environment. In this Communication, we demonstrate the interfacing of hydroxylated boron nitride nanotubes (BNNT‐OHs) with live yeast cell surfaces. BNNT‐OHs were incorporated with polyelectrolytes (PEs) using layer‐by‐layer deposition onto live Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The PE‐ and BNNT‐OH‐coated yeast was characterized using spectroscopic and imaging techniques (dynamic light scattering, FTIR, and SEM). Importantly, BNNT‐OH‐coated yeast cells were viable after the surface modification with nanotubes. We believe that BNNT‐OHs‐functionalized yeast will find numerous applications in biotechnology.
Bang‐bang cycle‐slip detector improves jitter‐tolerance in SONET PLL/DLL CDR
Authors: Guinea J. A. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryThe phase‐locked loop circuit (PLL) cycle‐slips (CS) phenomenon is a problem in two‐level baseband clock and data recovery (CDR) data‐synchronization. A singular example is that of a CDR synchronizer that uses a PLL in cascaded with delay‐lock‐loop (P/DLL) architecture. The CS issue is most evident when testing jitter‐tolerance to sine‐modulated jitter, particularly for sine‐modulated jitter‐frequencies near the PLL bandwidth. Reuse of a bang‐bang frequency‐detector, already on board of reference‐less CDRs, does CS detection and provides for suppression producing a clean demodulation. In the cascaded‐DLL of Rhee's P/DLL [1], this CS‐suppressed PLL‐clock assures proper DLL operation to broadband the jitter‐tolerance recommendation of the synchronous optical network (SONET). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ten principles from evolutionary ecology essential for effective marine conservation
Authors: Kindsvater Holly K. , Mangel Marc , Reynolds John D. , Dulvy Nicholas K. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSustainably managing marine species is crucial for the future health of the human population. Yet there are diverse perspectives concerning which species can be exploited sustainably, and how best to do so. Motivated by recent debates in the published literature over marine conservation challenges, we review ten principles connecting life‐history traits, population growth rate, and density‐dependent population regulation. We introduce a framework for categorizing life histories, POSE (Precocial–Opportunistic–Survivor–Episodic), which illustrates how a species’ life‐history traits determine a population's compensatory capacity. We show why considering the evolutionary context that has shaped life histories is crucial to sustainable management. We then review recent work that connects our framework to specific opportunities where the life‐history traits of marine species can be used to improve current conservation practices.
Energy partitioning and its controls over a heterogeneous semi‐arid shrubland ecosystem in the Lake Naivasha Basin, Kenya
Authors: Odongo Vincent Omondi , van der Tol Christiaan , Becht Robert , Hoedjes Joost C. B. , Ghimire Chandra Prasad , Su Zhongbo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper reports on the energy balance and partitioning analysed from 3‐year micrometeorological flux measurements of energy and water fluxes over a heterogeneous semi‐arid shrubland ecosystem in Lake Naivasha basin. The measurements enabled the characterization of the seasonal and interannual variability of the energy and water fluxes of the ecosystem covering two wet years (2012 and 2013) and one drought year (2014). On an annual scale, more than 60% of net radiation (Rn) was partitioned as latent (LE) and sensible (H) energy flux, with the latter being the larger consumer of Rn (~34%) and dominant for most months. The transition from H to LE dominance occurred from early noon to late afternoon in the wettest months of April and May. The residual energy balance closure term (C) accounted for between 25 and 40% of the Rn with the imbalance tending to be highest during periods of high insolation. Annual evapotranspiration was estimated at 873 mm, 632 mm and 537 mm for year 2012, 2013 and 2014 respectively. This accounted for at least 80% of the annual precipitation received for the respective years. Surface conductance (gs) scaled significantly with leaf expansion and Priestley–Taylor α coefficient, but was limited during periods of drought because of inadequate soil moisture suggesting that, change in LE was paralleled by changes in green leaf area index. Low values of decoupling coefficient (Ω) during these periods indicated that evapotranspiration was strongly controlled by gs and vapour pressure deficit (VPD). However, under non‐limiting moisture conditions evapotranspiration was decoupled from the atmosphere. This suggested that during the dry seasons and periods of prolonged drought, a lack of moisture in combination with high VPD leads to significant decreases in stomatal conductance that eventually limits partitioning of available energy into LE in the semi‐arid ecosystem part of the Lake Naivasha basin. However, during wet season these factors are non‐limiting and radiation is the dominant control of energy partitioning into LE in the ecosystem. The coupling and decoupling pattern provide insights towards formulating models that quantify evapotranspiration for ecosystems that experience seasonal shifts in controlling factors. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Unknown Camphor: Regioselective Rearrangement under Acylation in a CF3SO3H/(CF3CO)2O System
Authors: Kovalev Vladimir , Shokova Elvira , Chertkov Vyacheslav , Tafeenko Victor 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe utility of camphor in the chemical sciences is vast and well documented, yet the creation of camphor‐derived potentially useful bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane scaffolds still remains one of the great challenges of synthetic organic chemistry. Herein, we show that CF3SO3H/(CF3CO)2O‐mediated acylation of camphor with benzoic acids is accompanied by a cascade of alkyl and hydride shifts and opens access to a new type of polyfunctional isoborneol. In case of salicylic acids, camphor feels the presence of the ortho‐hydroxy group in the aryl moiety, the influence of which provokes cleavage of the bicycloheptane skeleton to lead to monocyclic carvenone.
Prevotella denticola Lipopolysaccharide from a Cystic Fibrosis Isolate Possesses a Unique Chemical Structure
Authors: Di Lorenzo Flaviana , Silipo Alba , Matier Thomas , Hanuszkiewicz Anna , Elborn J. Stuart , Lanzetta Rosa , Sturiale Luisa , Scamporrino Andrea , Garozzo Domenico , Valvano Miguel A. , Tunney Michael M. , Molinaro Antonio 
Published: February 2016

AbstractWe report the first complete structural characterization of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from a cystic fibrosis (CF) clinical isolate of Prevotella denticola (B003V1S1X). Chemical, spectroscopic, and spectrometric analyses revealed a unique rough‐type LPS (LOS) structure. The structure has a highly negatively charged heptasaccharide core region containing hexoses, with the first two sugars, 3‐deoxy‐D‐manno‐oct‐2‐ulosonic acid (Kdo) and mannose, highly phosphorylated. Furthermore, the lipid A moiety has the typical structure for the genus Prevotella, and was also highly phosphorylated.
Fe‐Cu metastable material as a mesoporous layer for dye‐sensitized solar cells
Authors: Alami Abdul Hai , Abed Jehad , Almheiri Meera , Alketbi Afra , Aokal Camilia 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis study investigates the performance of dye‐sensitized solar cells constructed with a Fe‐Cu metastable material as the mesoporous layer on which a natural organic dye is applied. The synthesis of the Fe‐Cu material is done via a high throughput process that produces nanosized particles from elemental metallic powders. Xanthophyll is singled out as the organic natural dye of choice among other dyes that were extracted, as it exhibited wider spectral absorptivity in terms of wavelength range and magnitude. Two compact solar cells were constructed and tested; one is a reference cell with a TiO2 working electrode and the other with a Fe‐Cu working electrode. The results show a better power conversion efficiency for the Fe‐Cu‐based solar cell 0.943% compared to 0.638% for the TiO2, and the number of carriers in the former is found to be orders of magnitude higher than the latter (1019 vs. 1032, respectively). A thorough optical, electrical, and thermal analysis of the Fe‐Cu material is conducted and used to explain the obtained results.
Lethal and sublethal effects of phthalate diesters in Silurana tropicalis larvae
Authors: Mathieu-Denoncourt Justine , Martyniuk Christopher J. , Loughery Jennifer R. , Yargeau Viviane , de Solla Shane R. , Langlois Valerie S. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Phthalates are compounds used in polymers to increase their flexibility and are now ubiquitous in the environment as a result of widespread use. Because few studies have focused on the adverse effects of these chemicals in aquatic species, the present study aimed to determine the effects of phthalate diesters in amphibians. Western clawed frog (Silurana tropicalis) tadpoles were acutely exposed to water spiked with monomethyl phthalate (MMP; 1.3–1595.5 mg/L), dimethyl phthalate (DMP; 0.03–924.0 mg/L), or dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP; 0.3–99.3 mg/L). Because few studies have addressed the toxicity of these specific phthalates in most organisms, the present study used higher concentrations of these chemicals to determine their toxicity pathways in amphibians and at the same time investigate a suite of genes known to be altered by the well-studied phthalates. Both DMP and DCHP increased larval mortality (9.1–924.0 mg/L DMP and 4.1–99.3 mg/L DCHP), increased frequency of malformations in tadpoles (0.1–34.1 mg/L DMP and 4.1–19.0 mg/L DCHP), and up-regulated cellular stress-related messenger-RNA (mRNA) levels (4.1 mg/L DCHP). To characterize the molecular toxicity pathway of these phthalates in tadpoles, transcriptome analysis was conducted using a custom microarray. Parametric analysis of gene set enrichment revealed important changes in the expression of genes related to drug metabolism and transport, liver metabolism, xenobiotic clearance, and xenobiotic metabolism after DMP and DCHP treatments, although these responses were less pronounced with MMP (the metabolite of DMP). The present study is one of the few studies that demonstrated complementarity between gene expression analysis and organismal effects. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2511–2522. © 2016 SETAC