bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors attenuate circulating CAF22 and physical decline in congestive heart failure: Diagnostic implications of CAF22
Authors: Ahmad Firdos , Karim Asima , Khan Javaidullah , Qaisar Rizwan 
Published: September 2024

AimsAge‐associated muscle loss, termed sarcopenia is the major cause of physical disability in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). Angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are commonly used to treat CHF patients; however, their impacts on the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and sarcopenia in CHF patients remain poorly understood. We aim to investigate the potential impact of ACEi on NMJ and CHF‐induced sarcopenia.MethodsThe cardiac function, short physical performance battery, handgrip strength (HGS), appendicular skeletal mass index, gait speed (GS) and plasma c‐terminal agrin fragment‐22 (CAF22), a marker of NMJ degradation, were assessed in controls (n = 81) and CHF patients treated with (n = 134) or without (n = 145) ACEi.ResultsIrrespective of treatment, HGS and GS, indicators of sarcopenia, were profoundly declined in the patients with CHF vs. controls. However, patients on ACEi demonstrated significantly better HGS and GS compared to non‐ACEi patients (P < .001). The level of CAF22 was significantly lower (P < .0001) in the ACEi‐treated compared to non‐ACEi CHF patients. Further, the level of CAF22 was inversely correlated (R2 = .33, P < .0001) with HGS in both ACEi and non‐ACEi CHF patients, while CAF22 was inversely correlated with GS and short physical performance battery only in ACEi‐treated but not in patients on other therapies without ACEi. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed CAF22 as a potential diagnostic marker (95% confidence interval: 0.785–0.883; P < .0001) for CHF.ConclusionCollectively, these findings strongly suggest that ACEi limits CHF‐induced neuromuscular disjunction and physical disability in CHF. CAF22 has shown diagnostic implications for CHF.
Mood regulation in euthymic patients with a history of antidepressant‐induced mania
Authors: Halabi Ramzi , Yusuff Khairatun , Park Clara , DeShaw Alexandra , Gonzalez‐Torres Christina , Husain Muhammad I. , O'Donovan Claire , Alda Martin , Mulsant Benoit H. , Ortiz Abigail 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe use of antidepressants in bipolar disorder (BD) remains contentious, in part due to the risk of antidepressant‐induced mania (AIM). However, there is no information on the architecture of mood regulation in patients who have experienced AIM. We compared the architecture of mood regulation in euthymic patients with and without a history of AIM.MethodsEighty‐four euthymic participants were included. Participants rated their mood, anxiety and energy levels daily using an electronic (e‐) visual analog scale, for a mean (SD) of 280.8(151.4) days. We analyzed their multivariate time series by computing each variable's auto‐correlation, inter‐variable cross‐correlation, and composite multiscale entropy of mood, anxiety, and energy. Then, we compared the data features of participants with a history of AIM and those without AIM, using analysis of covariance, controlling for age, sex, and current treatment.ResultsBased on 18,103 daily observations, participants with AIM showed significantly stronger day‐to‐day auto‐correlation and cross‐correlation for mood, anxiety, and energy than those without AIM. The highest cross‐correlation in participants with AIM was between mood and energy within the same day (median (IQR), 0.58 (0.27)). The strongest negative cross‐correlation in participants with AIM was between mood and anxiety series within the same day (median (IQR), −0.52 (0.34)).ConclusionPatients with a history of AIM have a different underlying mood architecture compared to those without AIM. Their mood, anxiety and energy stay the same from day‐to‐day; and their anxiety is negatively correlated with their mood.
Trends in surgical outcomes for Ileal pouch–anal anastomosis construction using a large nationwide database
Authors: Habermann Alyssa , Gassie Hannah , Rustom Salem , Wieghard Nicole E. , Wexner Steven D. , Sharp Stephen P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimUlcerative colitis (UC) affects over 3 million (1.3%) US adults, approximately 20% of whom will require surgery. Since it was first described in 1978, restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the gold standard for patients requiring surgery, as well as for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In 1991 the laparoscopic approach to IPAA was introduced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the advances made in IPAA as minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become more prevalent.MethodThe American College of Surgeons NSQIP database from 2005 to 2019 was used. Laparoscopic (MIS) and open cases of IPAA construction for UC or FAP were used. These patients were subdivided into three time point cohorts: early (2005–2009), middle (2010–2014) and recent (2015–2019). Univariable and multivariable analyses were performed to evaluate morbidity, mortality and hospital length of stay.ResultsA total of 6184 patients were analysed, and 2555 underwent MIS while 3629 underwent open surgery. After multivariable analysis, the MIS approach was associated with a lower risk of morbidity compared with open procedures [relative risk (RR) = 0.86, p < 0.0001, 95% CI 0.78–0.94], both in the early and recent periods [early period = RR = 0.66 (p < 0.0001), recent period RR = 0.78 (p = 0.0029)]. Superficial surgical site infection (SSI) was consistently lower in the MIS cohort across all three time periods. After multivariable analysis, the overall RR of superficial SSI in the MIS cohort was 0.41 (p < 0.0001) [early period RR = 0.35 (p < 0.0001), middle period RR = 0.55 (p = 0.0007), recent period RR = 0.31 (p < 0.0001)]. The RR of deep space SSI was decreased overall (RR = 0.58, p = 0.013, 95% CI 0.62–0.93), with the most significant effect occurring during the early period (RR = 0.30, p = 0.0260, 95% CI 0.105–0.868). Sepsis related to any infective aetiology was also decreased in the MIS cohort (RR = 0.76, p = 0.0093, 95% CI 0.62–0.93), especially in the recent time period (RR = 0.63, p = 0.0344, 95% CI 0.41–0.97). Furthermore, hospital length of stay was decreased in the MIS cohort (−0.287 days, p = 0.0170), with a greater difference occurring in the more recent cohort (−0.375 days, p = 0.0418).ConclusionWith increasing utilization of minimally invasive techniques in IPAA creation there have been significant decreases in the rates of morbidity including decreasing rates of superficial and deep space SSI, as well as decreased hospital length of stay.
Glucose‐lowering drugs and liver‐related outcomes among individuals with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review of longitudinal population‐based studies
Authors: Khanmohammadi Shaghayegh , Habibzadeh Amirhossein , Kamrul‐Hasan A. B. M. , Schuermans Art , Kuchay Mohammad Shafi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsWhile randomized controlled trials data on the long‐term effect of glucose‐lowering drugs (GLDs) on liver‐related outcomes are lacking, population‐based studies have evaluated the associations of GLDs with liver‐related outcomes in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D). we aimed to conduct a systematic review of population‐based studies evaluating the effects of GLDs on liver‐related outcomes in people with T2D.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases were systematically searched for population‐based studies testing the associations of GLDs with liver‐related outcomes in individuals with T2D and no liver disease other than non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) from inception to 23 February 2024. GLDs included SGLT2is, TZDs, insulin, GLP‐1 RAs and dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 inhibitors (DPP4Is).ResultsTen cohort studies, comprising 1,274,641 participants, met the inclusion criteria. The median follow‐up period ranged from 8.9 to 76 months. Of all the GLDs under investigation, SGLT2is were associated with the strongest reduction in NAFLD incidence, cirrhosis, and composite liver‐related events compared to other medications. TZDs were associated with a reduced risk of developing NAFLD and cirrhosis but were not significantly associated with a lower incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma. GLP‐1 RAs demonstrated a significant association with reduced liver‐related mortality.ConclusionsObservational data from population‐based studies suggest that GLDs such as SGLT2is are associated with beneficial long‐term liver‐related outcomes in T2D patients with NAFLD. Additional studies, including randomized controlled trials with long‐term follow‐up, are needed to confirm these findings.Registration NumberPROSPERO CRD442024536872.
A Voyage of Discovering the Role of Principal Transformational Leadership Behaviour on EFL Teacher Psychological Well‐Being and Success
Authors: Zhou Jun , Guo Jirong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAligning with the principles of positive psychology, a critical aspect that has gained prominence in academic territory over the past 2 decades is the concept of well‐being. And the recent scholarly articles have underscored the centrality of teachers' psychological well‐being (PWB). Given that the well‐being and success of teachers are contingent upon their workplace environment, external factors such as the behaviours of the principals wield considerable influence over them. In alignment with this premise, the present investigation sought to scrutinise the structural interplay between principal transformational leadership behaviours (TLB), well‐being and success within a cohort of 520 Chinese English as a Foreign Language, who were selected through convenience sampling. After the distribution of three self‐report scales among the participants to assess their perceptions of principals' behaviour, PWB and success, structural equation modelling (SEM) was utilised for statistical analysis to evaluate the hypothesised model. The outcomes of the analysis revealed that principal TLB explained 62% of the variance in the participants' success and 57% of the variance in their PWB. The implications of these findings for the extant literature are deliberated upon, leading to recommendations for policymakers and practitioners based on the results.
Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Higher Vocational Students: A Moderated Mediation Effects Model
Authors: Huang Maoyong , Xu Shuang , Guo Tengfei , Ni Yakun , Xu Yanzhen 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTEntrepreneurship education is pivotal in augmenting entrepreneurial propensity among students in higher vocational institutions, facilitating the emergence of tangible innovative and entrepreneurial activities. However, research on the effects of various entrepreneurial education models on students' entrepreneurial intentions is limited. This study introduces a moderated mediation model to investigate the intricate mechanisms and contextual conditions under which different educational approaches influence students' entrepreneurial intentions in higher vocational settings. Data from 1197 students from diverse disciplinary backgrounds were analysed using a survey methodology. The findings reveal that both the theoretical and practical components of entrepreneurship education positively influence students' entrepreneurial intentions. Specifically, the effect of entrepreneurship education on these intentions is mediated by enhanced creativity. This study reveals that the social environment plays a dual role; it positively moderates the relationship between theoretical entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention, implying that a supportive social context amplifies the effectiveness of theoretical education. Conversely, a favourable social environment attenuates the impact of practical entrepreneurship education on students' entrepreneurial intentions. This study offers novel insights for vocational colleges, aiming to not only bolster students' entrepreneurial intentions but also enrich the understanding of the processes and mechanisms underlying the formation of such intentions in a vocational education context.
Clinical utility of ultra long‐term subcutaneous electroencephalographic monitoring in drug‐resistant epilepsies: a “real world” pilot study
Authors: Rubboli Guido , Bø Margrete Halvorsen , Alfstad Kristin , Armand Larsen Sidsel , Jacobsen Mads Due Holm , Vlachou Maria , Weisdorf Sigge , Rasmussen Rune , Egge Arild , Henning Oliver , Lossius Morten , Beniczky Sandor 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study was undertaken to assess the clinical utility, safety, and tolerability in epilepsy patients of ultra long‐term monitoring with a novel subcutaneous electroencephalographic (EEG) device (sqEEG).MethodsFive patients with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy were implanted (one patient bilaterally) with sqEEG. In phase 1, we assessed sqEEG sensitivity for seizure recording by recording seizures simultaneously with scalp EEG in the epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU). sqEEG was scored either visually (v‐sqEEG) or by using a semiautomatic algorithm (EpiSight; E‐sqEEG). In phase 2, the patients were monitored as outpatients for 3–6 months. sqEEG data were analyzed monthly, evaluating concordance of data obtained by v‐sqEEG, E‐sqEEG, and patients' diaries. v‐sqEEG data were used to guide treatment adjustments. sqEEG‐related side effects were assessed throughout the study.ResultsIn phase 1, v‐sqEEG detected all seizures recorded in the EMU in all patients, whereas E‐sqEEG was as effective in three patients. In the other two patients, E‐sqEEG detected only a proportion or none of the seizures, respectively. Sensitivity of E‐sqEEG depended on the ictal EEG features. In phase 2, a 100% concordance between E‐sqEEG and v‐sqEEG in seizure detection was observed for the same three patients as in phase 1. In the other two patients (one implanted bilaterally), effectiveness of E‐sqEEG in detecting seizure as compared to v‐sqEEG ranged from 0% to 83%. v‐sqEEG showed that all patients reported in their diaries fewer seizures than they actually suffered. In four of five patients, v‐sqEEG showed that the treatment adjustments had been ineffective or associated with a seizure increment. The only side effect was an infection at the implantation site in one patient.SignificanceThe sqEEG system could collect reliable information on seizure activity, thus providing clinically relevant information. Sensitivity of EpiSight in detecting seizures varied across patients, depending on the ictal EEG features. sqEEG ultra long‐term monitoring was feasible and well tolerated.
On the gravitation‐based classification: A novel algorithm using equilibrium points for enhanced learning and dimensionality reduction
Authors: Monemizadeh Mostafa , Hashemi Seyed Rouhollah Samareh , Monemizadeh Morteza 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe concept and effects of gravitation have been effectively utilized to design various data classification algorithms. Generally, there are two primary approaches to gravitation‐based classification: one that relies on gravitational force and another that is based on gravitational potential energy. In this paper, we examine these two approaches and introduce a novel classification algorithm grounded in gravitational potential energy. The core idea of our approach is to identify an equilibrium point for a line mass (serving as the classifier line) situated between two groups of fixed point masses (representing two data classes). The equilibrium point of the classifier line is determined by minimizing the total gravitational potential energy resulting from the two groups of point masses. Notably, our method demonstrates the following: (i) it acts as a dimensionality reduction technique that seeks a new feature space with lower dimensionality for improved class discrimination by maximizing the sum of the logarithms of the projections, (ii) it leads to an information‐theoretic learning strategy that minimizes the overall uncertainty of the classifier, and (iii) it offers a convex formulation that guarantees convergence to a global optimum solution. We also present experimental results that indicate the superior performance of the proposed method compared to existing techniques.
A novel hybrid random convolutional kernels model for price volatlity forecasting of precious metals
Authors: Sai Siva , Giri Arun Kumar , Chamola Vinay 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPrecious metals are rare metals with high economic value. Forecasting the price volatility of precious metals is essential for investment purposes. In this work, we propose a novel hybrid model of random convolutional kernels‐based neural network model (RCK) and generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model for forecasting the metal price volatilities of gold, silver, and platinum. Realized volatility calculated on logarithmic returns is used as an estimate for the volatility of prices, and data standardization is performed before feeding the price volatility data to the RCK model. RCK model applies multiple carefully designed random convolution kernels on the time series input to extract robust features for forecasting. The proportion of positive values (PPV) is extracted as features from the output of convolving convolutional kernels with time‐series inputs, which are then passed through a regressor to forecast volatility. Compared to the existing methods, the proposed method has the advantage that the weights of the random convolutional kernels need not be trained, unlike other neural network models. Further, no other work has made use of random convolutional kernels for precious metal forecasting, to the best of our knowledge. We incorporated novel learning and data augmentation strategies to achieve better performance. In particular, we used the cosine annealing learning rate strategy and Mixup data augmentation technique to improve the proposed model's performance. We have used MSE (Mean Squared Error), RMSE (Root Mean Squared Error), MAE (Mean Absolute Error), and MAPE (Mean Absolute Percentage Error) as metrics to compare the proposed models' performance. The proposed model decreases the MSE by 53% compared to the GARCH‐LSTM model, which is the current state‐of‐the‐art hybrid model for volatility forecasting.
Exploring Sustainable Public Procurement Through Regulatory Conversations
Authors: Lagström Cristian , Ek Österberg Emma 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis article responds to calls for research on public financial management for sustainable development by exploring sustainable public procurement (SPP), a demand‐side policy tool that is claimed to have great potential. Borrowing from socio‐legal studies, we use the concept of regulatory conversations to explore continuous communicative interactions and interpretations related to SPP in Sweden. Drawing on a dataset consisting of policy documents, referral responses, and media articles, our analysis indicates that strong first‐order linkages between sustainability and procurement have been created over time. However, the analysis illustrates how strong linkages trigger second‐order linkages, that is, new contestations over the operationalization of SPP as the level of concretization increases and the prioritization of goals and values is made possible. Additionally, we extend the existing literature by applying the concept of regulatory conversations to the domain of public financial management. In doing so, we illuminate the inherently deliberative nature of regulation. Through this interdisciplinary approach, we offer a fresh perspective on the mechanisms that support SPP.
Exploring the factors contributing to parent stress symptoms during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Europe: An ABC‐X model approach
Authors: Brik Anis Ben , Wang Yunqi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the mental health and well‐being of families worldwide, with parents particularly at risk for stress and other psychological symptoms. In this study, we sought to understand the factors contributing to parent stress symptoms during the early stages of the pandemic in 23 European countries (N = 40,138) using the double ABC‐X model. We examined whether the relationship between stressor pile‐up and perceived stress was mediated by family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction and whether family resiliency beliefs impacted these mediated relationships. Our results showed a direct association between stressor pile‐up and parent stress symptoms, but we did not find evidence for the mediating role of family satisfaction or relationship satisfaction in this relationship. We also found that family resiliency beliefs did not moderate the indirect effects of family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction on parent stress symptoms. These findings suggest that the ABC‐X model may not fully capture the processes affecting parents' experience of stress during the pandemic and that alternative models such as the vulnerability‐stress‐adaptation model may be more relevant. Future research should also consider the potential negative impact of resiliency beliefs on mental health and other risk and protective factors such as self‐compassion.
What is on the menu? Botanical carnivory in carnivorous plants of New England (USA)
Authors: Kurosawa Emmi , Oakes Joanne M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Carnivorous plants obtain nutrients from arthropod prey (carnivory) and their environment. However, little is known about the seasonal diet shifts between carnivory versus environment nutrient acquisition among co‐occurring carnivorous plant species. Although studies reporting captured prey species for carnivorous plants are abundant, studies investigating the composition of assimilated prey species are scarce. Here, we report spatiotemporal dynamics in carnivory versus environmental nutrient acquisition and compositional analysis of assimilated prey species for carnivorous plants of New England (USA).

We measured the natural abundance stable isotope ratios of aquatic Utricularia inflata (Lentibulariaceae), terrestrial Sarracenia purpurea (Sarraceniaceae) and Drosera intermedia (Droseraceae) and their nutrient sources during their growing season in two oligotrophic ponds in New England (USA). MixSIAR, a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model, was used to estimate the extent of carnivory for each plant species and the composition of prey species assimilated in terrestrial carnivorous plants.

Aquatic U. inflata acquired more nutrients from carnivory (c. 70%–100%) than terrestrial species (c. 30–60%). Sarracenia purpurea acquired nutrients mainly from Formicidae. The nutrient sources for D. intermedia varied spatiotemporally between arthropod species.

The large contribution of carnivory to the nutrient budget of U. inflata could be due to its lack of roots and high metabolism. Sarracenia purpurea and D. intermedia could benefit from dissolved organic nitrogen in the environment. Our findings on prey compositions can be used as the first available prior information for the Bayesian approach in future studies. Understanding the sources of nutrients in carnivorous plants provides invaluable insight into their ecophysiology and may inform the conservation of their fragile wetland ecosystems.