bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A prospective randomized controlled study: early enteral nutrition following gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Bajwa Rajbir Singh , Brar Navjot 
Published: September 2017

Background: The word anastomosis originates from the Greek word (ἀναστόμωσις) meaning communicating opening. Gut anastomosis is one of the frequently performed surgeries in both emergency and elective setup. Anastomosis following gut resections in emergency set up is mostly done due to traumatic rupture, benign or malignant perforation or obstruction and in certain other inflammatory conditions. Anastomosis is also done in some elective conditions like mostly due to malignancy of GI system. As conventional practice following gut anastomosis, patients are kept “NIL BY MOUTH” till bowel sounds return.Methods: It’s a prospective study, carried out over period of 18 months in Department of General Surgery, Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vallah, Amritar. The objective of this study was to whether early enteral feeding within 48 hours of small gut anastomosis is tolerable to the patient. Whether early enteral feeding within 48 hours of small gut anastomosis is beneficial to the patient.Results: This prospectively conducted comparative study was carried out on 60 patients, meeting inclusion criteria, undergoing gastrointestinal anastomosis either elective or emergency, in the Department of General Surgery, SGRD Medical College, between Jan 2012 to June 2013. Random selection of patients into group A (30) and group B (30) was done after having fulfilled inclusion and exclusion criteria. The group A was fed via enteral route within 48 hrs of enteric anastomosis. The group B was fed via enteral route after 48-72 hours or appearance of full peristaltic sounds following enteric anastomosis. These patients were followed in post-operative period for their drain output, any nausea, vomiting, or significant abdominal distension, prolonged ileus, clinical leakage, infective complications, hospital stay.Conclusions: The following inferences can therefore be drawn from this study: Appearance of intestinal peristaltic sounds is earlier in early enterally fed group, Mean duration of post-operative hospital stay is lower in early enterally fed group, mean post-operative day 4 albumin level is higher in early enterally fed group. The rate of infective complications (UTI, RTI, wound complications) is equal in both the groups. The rate of clinical leakage, nausea/vomiting are equal in both the groups. The rate of re-exploration for anastomotic leakage is equal in both the groups.
Anomalies of branchial cleft: our experience and review of literature
Authors: Shenoy Neha Sisodiya , Tiwari Charu , Gandhi Suraj , Dwivedi Pankaj , Shah Hemanshi 
Published: September 2017

Background: Anomalies of branchial arches are uncommon anomalies of embryonic development and may present as cysts, sinus tracts, fistulae or cartilaginous remnants. We describe our experience with 30 children with branchial cleft anomalies.Methods: Case records of all patients were retrospectively reviewed and analysed with respect to age, sex, clinical presentation, duration of symptoms, investigations, management and follow up. All patients underwent complete excision of the tract/cyst.Results: There were 15 males and 15 females (ratio of 1:1). The average age of presentation was 5 years. Majority of the patients presented with discharging sinuses (n=26). Twenty-six patients had branchial sinuses, three patients had branchial cysts and one had pyriform fistula. The anomalies were lateralized to left side in 17 patients (56.66%), right side in 11 patients (36.66%) and bilateral in 2 patients (0.066%). Complete excision was done in all patients. Four patients presented with abscesses and required incision and drainage. Definitive surgery was done after 6 weeks. There were no complications.Conclusions: Abnormal development of branchial apparatus lead to formation of different anomalies which remain asymptomatic and present later in life as cysts, sinuses or fistulae in neck. Diagnosis is mostly clinical and complete excision provides definitive cure.
Evaluation of hypoglycemic status and causative factors in neonatal sepsis
Authors: Islam Md Zahirul , Aklima Jannatul , Yesmin Farhana , Islam Mohammad Sayedul , Chakma Kanchan , Alauddin Mohammad , Hasan Bhuiyan Robiul 
Published: September 2017

Background: Very few studies have been reported on hypoglycemic status, hematological parameters and causative organisms of neonatal sepsis in different regions of Bangladesh. Hence, present study was conducted in the Chittagong city of Bangladesh.Methods: The study was conducted on 106 neonates (0 to 28 days of age) in Chattagam Maa-Shishu O General Hospital, Bangladesh. The questionnaire was developed to get relevant information of the neonates. Blood from neonates were subjected to routine investigations like blood glucose, CRP, hematological parameters, blood culture and bacterial identification.Results: Among 106 neonates with sepsis, 68 presented early onset neonatal sepsis (EONS) and 38 presented late onset neonatal sepsis (LONS). Fifty-one neonates had low birth weight (2500 g or less), 18 had very low birth weight (1500 g or less) and 22 were preterm. The most prevalent clinical features were reluctant to feed (56), hyperthermia (31) and hypotonia (22). Thirty-three neonates had neutropenia (<54%) and 62 had higher neutrophil count (>62%). Biochemical analysis showed 52 had higher C-reactive protein levels. Investigation of hypoglycemic status revealed that there were different types of neonatal sepsis, i.e. 77 neonates were hypoglycemic (<45 gm/dl), and among them EONS and LONS were 59 and 18, respectively. Thirty-three neonates had positive blood culture for bacteria. Among them, Klebsiella spp. accounted for 10 of the total isolates followed by Acinetobacter spp. 8. The Gram-positive and negative bacteria were found in 7 and 26, respectively.Conclusions: Hypoglycemia was associated with neonatal sepsis as an exacerbating factor.
Comparison of FEV1/FEV6 with FEV1/FVC in the diagnosis of COPD
Authors: Ranganath D. , Ravindranath M. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Globally COPD occurs. But it is a health hazard among those who smoke. The life expectancy is also reduced to a large extent. Hence early diagnosis may help prevent further progression of disease and motivate people to modify their lifestyle.Methods: Patients aged 40 years and above, attending to pulmonology OPD and in-patients with symptoms suggestive of COPD were subjected to spirometric examinations following standard protocol of test performance as laid down by ATS/ERS. Spirometric examinations were analyzed statistically to know the performance of FEV1/FEV6 ratio using a cut-off value of < 0.70 (post bronchodilator) arbitrarily as against FEV1/FVC ratio of < 0.70 (post bronchodilator) in accordance with GOLD guidelines for the diagnosis of COPD.Results: Majority (83.8%) were male. Out of 229 patients 197 patients had airways obstruction as per post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC of < 0.70. Among 197 patients who were diagnosed as having COPD as per post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio, 180 (91.37%) patients had an FEV1/FEV6 value < 0.70. Among 192 male patients, 170 were diagnosed as having COPD as per post bronchodilator FEV1/FVC ratio of < 0.70 as against 153 as per post bronchodilator FEV1/FEV6 ratio of < 0.70. Among 37 female patients 27 were found to have COPD based on both FEV1/FVC and FEV1/FEV6 post bronchodilator values.Conclusions: FEV1/FEV6 ratio is an acceptable alternative to FEV1/FVC ratio in the diagnosis of COPD in patients aged 40 years and above and with risk factors for COPD.
A study of carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in cases of ischemic stroke
Authors: Relwani Prakash R. , Kulkarni Vrinda K. 
Published: September 2017

Background: Measurement of Carotid Intima Media Thickness (CIMT) by carotid doppler is a non-invasive, safe and inexpensive investigation. CIMT may predict ischaemic stroke. However, the data about the usefulness of CIMT as a predictor in Indian scenario is relatively less. The primary objective of the present study was to determine utility of CIMT as a predictor of ischemic stroke.Methods: This study was a case control study carried out at a tertiary care institute. The study included fifty cases of ischaemic stroke. Fifty age and sex matched controls were selected who were not relatives of cases.Results: A detailed history of cases and controls was taken. They were subjected to routine investigations; blood sugars and lipid profile were sent. CIMT was measured by doing carotid doppler study on both sided carotid arteries. The results were analysed.Conclusions: From this study, we concluded that there is increase in CIMT in patients of ischemic stroke. Age, gender and side of the vessel had no significant effect on CIMT. It was concluded that CIMT value has a direct correlation with ischemic stroke. Thus, Carotid intima media thickness can be used as a non-invasive predictor of future ischemic stroke incidence.
Haematological profile of diabetes and non-diabetes patients in rural tertiary centre
Authors: S. Harish Kumar , S. V. Srinivasa , K. Prabhakar 
Published: September 2017

Background: Anemia is a common haematological finding in diabetic patients. Many research studies have reported that anemia mostly occurs in patients with diabetes who also have renal insufficiency. A few other studies have also reported an incidence of anemia in diabetics prior to evidence of renal impairment. Anemia occurs earlier and at a greater degree in patients presenting with diabetic nephropathy than those presenting with other causes of renal failure. The objective of this study is to determine the haematological profile among type 2 Diabetes mellitus in comparison with non-diabetic controls.Methods: Hospital based case control study was conducted in a rural tertiary care centre for a period of 1 year (May 2016 to April 2017) among type 2 diabetic patients and equal proportion of controls without diabetes. 70 diabetics and non-diabetics as controlled were enrolled for the study. Pretested and structured questionnaire was used to collect the data from subjects. For laboratory investigation 5 ml of blood was drawn from the patient and analysed in the automated cell counter for haematological parameters. Data was analysed using SPSS 22 version, Chi-square test and independent t test was the test of significance for qualitative and quantitative data respectively. P value of <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Mean age of diabetics was 55.7±3.6 years and non-diabetics was 56.2±3.5 years. Majority of subjects in both the groups were females. In diabetics mean haemoglobin, RBCs, PCV, and MCV was significantly lower than in non-diabetics. Whereas mean MCHC, WBCs and lymphocytes was significantly higher in diabetics compared to non-diabetics. No difference was observed for MCH, neutrophils and platelets between two groups. This shows that diabetics are prone for anemia, leucocytosis and lymphocytosis.Conclusions: Haematological profile in diabetes patients in deranged and diabetics are more prone for anemia, leucocytosis and lymphocytosis. Hence routine and regular screening for haematological profile is recommended in diabetic patients to initiate early prevention strategies and to reduce the morbidity related to it.
Relation between deviated nasal septum and paranasal sinus pathology
Authors: Sumaily Ibrahim , Hudise Jibril , Aldhabaan Saud 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Deviated nasal septum is a very common finding in ENT clinic, most of the times, as incidental findings without any related symptom. Sometimes it present in association with suspiciously related sinusitis. Our study is to identify the possible association between deviated nasal septum and sinusitis, so that we can consider septoplasty alone a first surgical management for these cases without any sinus procedure or not. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A <span lang="EN-IN">cross sectional case-control study<strong>. </strong>SPSS.v22 used for data analysis<strong>.</strong> We used Kuhn-Kinnedy staging system for sinus pathology and applied it on the osteomeatal complex (OMC) and all paranasal sinuses. Those patients with deviated septum were studied for sinus disease especially maxillary and anterior ethmoid sinuses, and those with sinus disease were studied for deviated septum. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">We studied 238 patients, 120 males and 118 females, of them 164 (control) found to have central septum (68.9%) and 74 (cases) found to have deviated nasal septum (31.1%), 42 to the right and 32 to the left. 104 candidates (43.7%) found to have sinus disease. All findings were almost equal in both genders. Of the total sample, 40% of those with central septum found to have patent OMC and normal sinus mucosa equally. Of those who have DNS (74 candidates), OMC found to be opacified in 13.5% in the ipsilateral side, and 27% bilaterally. In those with DNS maxillary sinus was diseased in 20.3% ipsilaterally, 21.2% contralaterally, and 18.5% bilaterally. Anterior ethmoid sinuses were similarly affected in 40.5% ipsilateral and contralateral to DNS. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">According to our finding, no significant association between deviated nasal and paranasal sinusitis. Attributing sinuses disease to deviated nasal septum may lead to over treatment of the patient and unnecessary surgery.</span></p><p> </p>
Fluroscopic guided percutaneous transpedicular biopsy of vertebral body lesion: a safe and effective procedure
Authors: Chamakeri Puneet , Bulagond Anil , Kulkarni Srikant , Shirol Sharad , Patil Vijay 
Published: September 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Vertebral biopsy is suitable for patients with intractable back pain and vertebral body lesions that are detected with noninvasive imaging modalities. Histologic confirmation is necessary for correct diagnosis and subsequent clinical management. Percutaneous biopsy is less invasive and cost-effective.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Twenty three patients with history of severe back pain with vertebral body lesion identified by any of </span><span lang="EN-IN">computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were taken up for percutaneous biopsy. Lesion level was determined under fluoroscopy. Biopsy was taken with trephine needle under local anesthesia. Accuracy and effectiveness analyzed after histologic reports</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Among 23 patients, 2 were having malignant primary lesions (8.6%), 8 were having vertebral metastasis (35%), 10 were having infectious etiology (43.4%) and 3 were osteoporotic fractures. There were no complications. One unsuspected secondary malignancy was detected. True positive cases were 19; true negative cases were 3 and one false negative case. Overall accuracy is 95%. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">This minimal invasive technique is simple, safe and effective in diagnosis of malignancy and infection aiding the treating surgeon in their further management. It is also useful in detecting unsuspected malignancy.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Stress Tests By The European Banking Authority: The Immunity Of Italian Cooperative Banks
Authors: Quintiliani Andrea 
Published: September 2017

Purpose. The objectives of the paper are two-fold. The first objective of the research is formulated with the intent to analyze the existence or not of a possible “European Banking Authority (EBA) effect” on the credit offer of local banks compared with national banks subject to the requests of capital from European Authority. The second research objective aims to understand what are the conditions that allow to develop a model of a local bank capable of supporting SMEs, with a suitable risk-return profile.
Methodology. This paper presents an empirical comparative analysis between Cooperative Credit Banks (BCCs) and Italian banking groups.
Findings. The empirical analysis shows how the financial then real crisis has not induced BCCs to restrict credit to firms. In particular, the BCCs not included in stress exercises, show, unlike national banks, a substantial “independence” of credit trend from the advices of the Authority. The survey evidences have however highlighted some critical elements that are reflected inevitably on the local bank’s risk-return profile.
Research Limitations. The quantitative nature of the empirical analysis must be followed by a qualitative analysis in order to strengthen the validity of the results.
Implications. This work will be useful to stimulate the debate on the studies of local banks and their anti-cyclic role in favor of the SMEs.
Originality. The work affects an aspect which has hitherto been little studied.
The Effect Of Corporate Governance On Unfaithful Disclosure Designation And Unfaithful Disclosure Penalty Points
Authors: Moon Bo Young , Park Soo Yeon 
Published: September 2017

This paper investigates the relation between Unfaithful Disclosure Corporations (“UDC”) and corporate governance using listed firm (KOSPI and KOSDAQ) data in Korea. Prior literature reports that corporate governance has an impact on the level of disclosure and the quality of disclosure provided by companies. However, it is hard to find the studies about corporate governance and UDC at the term of disclosure quality. Compare to some financially advanced countries, Korea established corporate governance in a relatively short period of time; hence concerns have been raised the corporate governance have not played effective role to monitor management. We question how corporate governance affects companies’ unfaithful disclosure by using several corporate governance proxy variables and UDC data which is unique system in Korea.
From the empirical tests, we find a negative association between the proportion of outside directors, an indicator of the board’s independence, and UDC designation, among companies listed on both KOSPI and KOSDAQ. On the other hand, there is a significant positive association between the proportion of outside directors and UDCs’ imposed and accumulated penalty points among KOSDAQ-listed companies. This implies that outside director system effectively play a monitoring role however due to different natures of members included in outside directors, the system often fails to control regarding based reasons for penalty points imposition. In addition, we find the percentage of foreign equity ownership showed statistically significant positive association with UDC designation and a significant positive association with the imposed and accumulated penalty points among KOSPI-listed companies. We interpret this results that foreign investors with a short-term investment propensity may not enough to play a proper monitoring role in Korea and thereby they cannot effectively control the disclosure quality provided by the management. We also find that there is a significant positive association between the percentage of managerial ownership and UDC designation in the KOSDAQ market.
This study will contribute to academics and disclosure-related practitioners by documenting about corporate governance and its impact on unfaithful disclosure corporations.
Measuring The Impact Of Trust On Job Performance And Self-Efficacy In A Project: Evidence From Saudi Arabia
Authors: Varshney Deepanjana , Varshney Nirbhay K. 
Published: September 2017

The individual’s ability to complete the given task effectively can be termed as Self-efficacy. Employee performance is examined about outcomes and behavior. Job performance determines the quality as well as the quantity accomplished by employees over a period. Trust has been widely used as a mediating variable in previous research and has been found to exhibit positive mediating effects on the variables.
In our research, we have investigated the factors (Team-self-efficacy and trust) affecting the project team members’ job performance. We have conducted a study to collect data and test the model proposed on 155 respondents (project team members) of a large construction company at Saudi Arabia. The findings demonstrated that trust partially mediated the relationship between the team job performance and self-efficacy. Additionally, significant positive correlations between the variables were found. There have been several studies examining the variables as discussed in the paper. However, there is a paucity of research on small groups like the project teams worldwide. The significance of the results and future research directions were analyzed and discussed. The importance of the results and directions for future research were also put forward.
Multi-objective optimization for sustainable groundwater management by developing of coupled quantity-quality simulation-optimization model
Authors: Kamali Asghar , Niksokhan Mohammad Hossein 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This study addresses the issue of optimal management of aquifers using a mathematical simulation- optimization model which relies on the stability of water quality and quantity, considering salinity. In this research first we developed a hydrological model (SWAT) to estimate recharge rates and its spatiotemporal distribution. Then, groundwater simulation of the basin was simulated and calibrated using MODFLOW 2000 and water quality was simulated and calibrated using MT3DMS. Afterwards, a multi-objective optimization model (MOPSO) and embed simulation models as tools to assess the objective function was carried out in order to produce a simulation-optimization model. Finally, a sustainability index to assess Pareto front's answers and three management scenarios (continuing previous operation, 30% increasing and reduction in previous operation) was developed. The results show that the majority of Pareto optimal answers have more sustainability index than a 30% reduction of operation with the best answer of 0.059. Relatively, the sustainability index of 30% reduction of operation is 0.05.
Estimating net discharge of the Yangtze River into the East China Sea
Authors: Chen Zhigao , Wang Zhenxiang , Liu Yangyang , Wang Shengping 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The discharge at Datong station may be not entirely representative of net discharge into the East China Sea due to water abstraction and precipitation along the lower Yangtze River. Therefore, Xuliujing station, which is much nearer to the river mouth, is chosen to accurately estimate the net discharge in this paper. The Multi-Profile Method that considers the cross-sectional variability of flow is applied at Xuliujing station to estimate the tidal discharge. Then, the low-pass filter is used to remove the effects of the tide and the net discharge is obtained. Lastly, the net discharge in Datong and that in Xuliujing are compared. The results show that the net discharge of Xuliujing is obviously larger than that of Datong in the rainy season due to precipitation, but the net discharge of Xuliujing is slightly smaller than that of Datong in the dry season due to persistent abstraction and less precipitation. Therefore, in some degree, the net discharge of Xuliujing is more representative than that of Datong regarding the discharge into the East China Sea.