bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects Of Protease-Activated Receptors 1 And 4 In Human Platelet Activation And Inflammation
Authors: Zhang Jianying , Rocha Jorge L. , Hicks Justin H. , McLane Melissa , Wang James H-C. , Hogan MaCalus V. 
Published: October 2016

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Tendon injuries occur frequently and cost billions of health care dollars annually. Recently, there has been an increase in the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to treat tendon injuries. However, the efficacy of PRP treatment is controversial due to inconsistent results from human clinical trials. It is thought that variations in PRP preparation contribute to these inconsistencies. Specifically, platelets in PRP contain pro-angiogenic (e.g. VEGF) or anti-angiogenic (e.g. endostatin) factors, which may differentially affect the healing of tendon injuries. It is known that these factors are selectively released after platelet activation by specific receptors. Therefore, in this study we investigated the effect of protease-activated receptors 1 and 4 (PAR1 and PAR4) in platelet activation and inflammation. Methods: Platelet preparation – Human blood was obtained from 12 healthy donors and 9 ml of blood was mixed with 1 ml of 3.8% sodium citrate and centrifuged at 500g for 10 min. Then, the supernatant (PRP) without the buffy coat was centrifuged at 1000g for 10 min and the resulting pellet was washed in Tyrodes-HEPES buffer and centrifuged for 10 min at 1000g. Finally, platelets in the pellet was suspended in Tyrodes-HEPES buffer and used in experiments. Platelet activation – About 100 μl of platelet from above was activated with 5 μl 1 mM PAR1-activating peptide (PAR1-AP) or PAR4-activating peptide (PAR4-AP) at 25°C for 10 min. Then, the mixture was centrifuged at 1000g for 10 min, and the levels of VEGF, endostatin, IL-1RA and HMGB-1in the supernatant was determined by ELISA. Platelets without activators were used as controls. Results: PAR1 induced angiogenic effects in human platelets. PAR1 activated platelets released 3 times more VEGF than when activated with PAR4 (Fig. 1A). However, PAR4 activated platelets released 7 times more endostatin than the PAR1 activated platelets (Fig. 1B). Further, PAR1 induced anti-inflammatory effects in human platelets; it did not change IL-1R-A (Fig. 2A) but decreased HMGB-1 levels (Fig. 2B). In contrast, PAR4 stimulated inflammatory effects in human platelets by lowering IL-1-RA and increasing HMGB-1 levels. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that PAR1 induces angiogenetic and anti-inflammatory effects in human platelets, while PAR4 has anti-angiogenetic and inflammatory effects. Of significance is HMGB-1, which is constitutively expressed in the nuclei of most mammalian cells. Under cellular stress, HMGB1 is released into the extracellular matrix and activates the immune response thus acting as a danger-signal. Both PAR1 and PAR4 selectively regulated the release of VEGF and endostatin, and IL-1RA and HMGB-1 from human platelets. Therefore, the role of PAR1 and PAR4 on human platelet activation and inflammation should be considered prior to the use of PRP to treat tendon injuries.
The Use of Cryo-Preserved Umbilical Cord Plus Amniotic Membrane Tissues in the Resection of Tarsal Coalition
Authors: Covell D. Jeffrey , Cohen Bruce , Ellington J. Kent , Jones Carroll P. , Davis W. Hodges , Anderson Robert B. 
Published: October 2016

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Tarsal coalition can be a common underlying cause of painful flatfoot deformity in adolescent and adult patient populations. When conservative options fail, surgical resection becomes the mainstay of treatment. Adequate resection leaves a void, often filled with bone wax, fat graft or adjacent muscle or tendon. Interposition grafting is designed to provide a physical barrier between the ends of the excised segment and deter recurrence or bony overgrowth. No definitive graft choice has been shown to be superior to another. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use commercially available umbilical cord plus amniotic membrane tissues as an interposition graft with functional and radiological outcomes at one year follow-up. Methods: Retrospective review was performed of patients who had resection of tarsal coalition at our institution. Patients who had interposition of umbilical cord plus amniotic membrane tissues (Amniox Medical, Atlanta GA) at the site of the resection were included in this review. Postoperative data collection included VAS scores, Foot Function index scores, and radiographic review. Radiographic review included postoperative CT scans in all patients. Assessment of hindfoot ROM was noted on physical examination at last follow up visit. Results: Fourteen patients (8 male and 6 female; median age 28.5 years at time of evaluation) were enrolled in the study. Of these patients, 7 were calcaneonavicular coalitions and 7 were talonavicular coalitions. Average follow up occurred at 18 months (range 9-32 months). Interposition of umbilical cord plus amniotic membrane tissues was performed at the site of the resection. Median improvement in pain visual analog score (VAS) was 89.75%, with no post-operative infection or wound complications. Post-operative CT scan review demonstrated evidence of osteoarthritis in two patients (one at talonavicular and one subtalar joint). Four of 14 patients (29%) were found to have recurrence at follow-up. The median post-operative Foot Function Index score was 46 (range 30-110) and 64% of patients had improvement in range of motion. Conclusion: Based on radiological and functional outcomes at an average 19 month follow up, the interposition of umbilical cord plus amniotic membrane tissues after tarsal coalition resection appears to be a viable option in treating these patients. No adverse reactions were found and recurrence rate was noted to be 29%.
Tibiotalocalcaneal Fusion with a Retrograde Triple Bending Nail - 2-Year-Followup Results
Authors: Richter Martinus , Zech Stefan , Meissner Stefan A. 
Published: October 2016

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Retrograde nails are one option for fixation in tibiotalocalcaneal fusion (TTCF). Most actual designs include straight or distally lateral bent nails that could have a short bone purchase in the calcaneus with potentially limited stability and resulting delayed union or nonunion. A nail with additional distal posterior bend for longer purchase in the calcaneus for increased stability was developed (A3, Small Bone Innovation, Morrisville, PA, USA). The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical application and short-term clinical followup. Methods: In a prospective consecutive non-controlled clinical followup study, all patients with TTCF using A3 from October 18th, 2011 to April 29th, 2013 were analyzed. The specific shape of the nail includes a distal double bend; one posterior (15°) and one lateral (10°). Posterolateral approach to the ankle and subtalar joint were utilized. The times and accuracy of the alignment and implant position (Visual analogue scale, 0-10) for implant placement, complications, radiological fusion, and Visual Analogue Scale Foot and Ankle (VAS FA) were recorded. Time for implant position comprised placement of the nail, 4 locking screws and compression with the compression screw. Calcaneal pitch and hindfoot angles were measured, pre-, postoperatively and at 24 months. Fusion (≥50% bony bridge at ankle and subtalar joints assessed on radiographs) was assessed at 6, 9, 12 weeks, 12, 24 months. VAS FA was recorded at 24 months. Results: 66 cases/feet were included (age, 58.5 (22-80) years; VAS FA, 29.6 (0-69)). Indications were specified as follows (multiple indications possible): osteoarthritis, n=43 (65%); instability, n=12 (18%); deformity, n=36 (55%), failed total ankle replacement, n=4 (6%); failed previous fusion, n=9 (14%), diabetes mellitus, n=5 (8%). The time for implant preparation and positioning was 17.5 (5-31) minutes. The accuracy of alignment and implant position was 9.4 (7.5 - 10). Sixty (91%) patients completed follow-up: VAS FA 59.9 (t-test (comparison with preoperative scores), p=.01)), fusion rate 100%, high accuracy of correction and implant position. The deviation of the measured angles from the desired angles (hindfoot angle, 5° valgus; calcaneal pitch angle, 20°) were lower at follow-up than pre-operatively (each p < 0.001). Conclusion: TTCA with the A3 implant system showed accurate correction and implant position. Two-year-follow-up in 60 patients showed good clinical outcome scores and 100% fusion rate.
Treatment of Severe Hallux Valgus Deformity in Rheumatoid Arthritis With 1st MTP Joint Fusion Combined With Proximal Chevron Metatarsal Osteotomy
Authors: Moon Yong-Seok , Kim Myung Jin , Ahn Jae Hoon 
Published: October 2016

Category: Bunion Introduction/Purpose: A severe hallux valgus deformity in rheumatoid patient is usually treated with the 1st MTP fusion, since the high success rate with low percentage of recurrence leads to higher patient satisfaction. However the large 1st inter- metatarsal angle, sometimes, is not decreased after the fusion, and the patient may suffer the persistent bunion pain. We tried to solve this problem by performing the 1st MTP fusion and the 1st proximal metatarsal osteotomy in one stage. We report our surgical technique with the outcome analysis of the patients. Methods: Six patients with the severe rheumatoid hallux valgus deformity were followed for more than 12 months after the combined 1st MTP fusion and 1st proximal metatarsal osteotomy. All were women. The mean age of patients was 51.3 years, and the mean follow up period was 2 years and 1 month. Inclusion criterion was a rheumatoid hallux valgus deformity of more than 18 degrees of the 1st intermetatarsal angle. The MTP fusion was fixed with threaded Steinmann pins and the proximal metatarsal osteotomy was fixed with Kirschner wires through the single curvilinear skin incision. Clinically American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hallux MP-IP scale, and patient’s satisfaction after the surgery were analyzed. Radiographically the union of the fusion and the osteotomy was investigated. Results: Clinically the AOFAS scale improved from the preoperative 51.2 points to the postoperative 84.3 points. All patients were satisfied with the results. There were no wound problem or nonunion of fusion/osteotomy. Conclusion: The combined 1st MTP fusion and 1st proximal metatarsal osteotomy was an effective and safe procedure for the severe rheumatoid hallux valgus deformity with the large 1st inter-metatarsal angle.
Weight-Bearing 3D Foot Model Reconstruction From Standing Radiographs Using Deformable Surface Fitting Method
Authors: Seo Sang Gyo , Kim Jaeil , Ryu Chang Hyun , Kim Eo Jin , Lee Doojae , Lee Dong Yeon , Park Jinah 
Published: October 2016

Category: Basic Sciences/Biologics Introduction/Purpose: Although weight-bearing CT of the foot and ankle definitely reflect the morphology of joint and foot deformity, it is hard to obtain the standing CT due to difficulty of availability. The purpose of this study is to introduce a semi- automatic method based on a deformable surface fitting for achieving the weight-bearing 3D model reconstruction from standing radiographs for foot and ankle. Methods: Our method is based on a Laplacian surface deformation framework using a template model of foot bones. As pre- processing step, we obtained template surface meshes having the average shapes of foot bones from standing CT images (Planmed Verity® CT scanner) in 10 normal volunteers. First, 3D standing CT was obtained by Planmed Verity® CT scanner and used as gold standard of reconstruction for one patient with flatfoot. Second, in the reconstruction step, the surface meshes are deformed following guided user inputs (talus 6, calcaneus 8 in lateral, talus 6, calcaneus 6 in anteroposterior standing radiograph) with geometric constraints to recover the target shapes of patients while preserving average bone shape and smoothness as much as possible. Finally, we compared reconstructed 3D model to original standing CT images. Results: In this study, the comparison results indicate that the obtained reconstruction is close to the actual standing foot and ankle geometry. We present the accuracy and robustness of our method via comparison between the reconstructed 3D models and the original bone surfaces Conclusion: Weight-bearing 3D foot model reconstruction from standing radiographs is concise and the effective method for analysis of foot joint alignment and deformity.
Rational targeted therapies to overcome microenvironment-dependent expansion of mantle cell lymphoma
Authors: Chiron David , Bellanger Céline , Papin Antonin , Tessoulin Benoit , Dousset Christelle , Maiga Sophie , Moreau Anne , Esbelin Julie , Trichet Valérie , Chen-Kiang Selina , Moreau Philippe , Touzeau Cyrille , Le Gouill Steven , Amiot Martine , Pellat-Deceunynck Catherine 
Published: October 2016

Key PointsCD40L plus cytokines induces cell-cycle progression and loss of mitochondrial priming, leading to drug resistance in MCL. CD40L plus cytokines mimics in situ molecular profiles and allows the development of new approaches by integrating the role of the microenvironment.
Pooled Analysis of CNS Response to Alectinib in Two Studies of Pretreated Patients With ALK-Positive Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Gadgeel Shirish M. , Shaw Alice T. , Govindan Ramaswamy , Gandhi Leena , Socinski Mark A. , Camidge D. Ross , De Petris Luigi , Kim Dong-Wan , Chiappori Alberto , Moro-Sibilot Denis L. , Duruisseaux Michael , Crino Lucio , De Pas Tommaso , Dansin Eric , Tessmer Antje , Yang James Chih-Hsin , Han Ji-Youn , Bordogna Walter , Golding Sophie , Zeaiter Ali , Ou Sai-Hong Ignatius 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Alectinib has shown activity in the CNS in phase I and II studies. To further evaluate this activity, we pooled efficacy and safety data from two single-arm phase II studies (NP28761 and NP28673; ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01871805 and NCT01801111, respectively) in patients with ALK-positive non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients and Methods Both studies included patients with ALK-positive NSCLC who had previously received crizotinib; all patients received alectinib 600 mg twice per day. The primary end point in both studies was independent review committee (IRC)–assessed objective response rate (ORR; by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors [RECIST] version 1.1). Additional end points (all by IRC) included CNS ORR (CORR), CNS disease control rate (CDCR), and CNS duration of response (CDOR). Results One hundred thirty-six patients had baseline CNS metastases (60% of the overall study populations); 50 patients (37%) had measurable CNS disease at baseline. Ninety-five patients (70%) had prior CNS radiotherapy; 55 patients completed the CNS radiotherapy more than 6 months before starting alectinib. Median follow-up time was 12.4 months (range, 0.9 to 19.7 months). For patients with baseline measurable CNS disease, IRC CORR was 64.0% (95% CI, 49.2% to 77.1%), CDCR was 90.0% (95% CI, 78.2% to 96.7%), and median CDOR was 10.8 months (95% CI, 7.6 to 14.1 months). For patients with measurable and/or nonmeasurable baseline CNS disease, IRC CORR was 42.6% (95% CI, 34.2% to 51.4%), CDCR was 85.3% (95% CI, 78.2% to 90.8%), and median CDOR was 11.1 months (95% CI, 10.3 months to not evaluable). CORR was 35.8% (95% CI, 26.2% to 46.3%) for patients with prior radiotherapy (n = 95) and 58.5% (95% CI, 42.1% to 73.7%) for patients without prior radiotherapy (n = 41). As previously reported, alectinib was well tolerated, regardless of baseline CNS disease. Conclusion Alectinib showed good efficacy against CNS metastases, in addition to systemic activity, in crizotinib-refractory ALK-positive NSCLC.
Intravenous Air: The Partially Invisible Phenomenon
Authors: Varga Christopher , Luria Isaac , Gravenstein Nikolaus 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUND:
Air injection is carefully avoided during IV solution administration; however, ambient air is dissolved in all liquids used for intravenous (IV) therapy. A portion of this gas will come out of solution in the form of bubbles as the solution is warmed to body temperature in a fluid warming system and/or within the body. We sought to quantify the proportion of the gas theoretically dissolved in room temperature crystalloid and 4°C blood products that comes out of solution in the IV tubing on warming to 37°C.

METHODS:
Equilibrium-dissolved air calculations were performed for sodium chloride (0.9%), packed red blood cells, and fresh frozen plasma at various temperatures according to Henry’s Law. Outgassed gas volumes were experimentally measured for room temperature sodium chloride (0.9%) and 4°C blood products (packed red blood cells and fresh frozen plasma) warmed to 37°C during infusion into a body temperature water bath. The measured gas volumes were quantified as a fraction of the theoretical outgassing volumes required to maintain equilibrium saturation.

RESULTS:
Measured outgassed volumes in the IV tubing in milliliters of gas per liter of fluid were 1.4 ± 0.3 mL/L (n = 6) for sodium chloride (0.9%), 3.4 ± 0.2 mL/L (n = 6) for packed red blood cells, and 4.8 ± 0.8 mL/L (n = 6) for fresh frozen plasma when these fluids were warmed to body temperature from their respective starting temperatures. Theoretical outgassed gas volumes required to maintain equilibrium saturation for the same fluids and temperatures are 4.7 mL/L for sodium chloride (0.9%), 8.3 mL/L for packed red blood cells, and 10.9 mL/L for fresh frozen plasma. As a fraction of the theoretical outgassing volumes, the measured air volumes represented 30%, 41%, and 44%, respectively, for sodium chloride (0.9%), packed red blood cells, and fresh frozen plasma. Prewarming crystalloid solutions to 37°C before administration significantly reduced the outgassing.

CONCLUSIONS:
A significant and potentially clinically relevant amount of the resident dissolved gas in room temperature crystalloid, and 4°C packed red blood cells and plasma solutions comes out of solution on warming to body temperature. A nontrivial fraction of this outgassing is also expected to occur within the body circulation based on the results of this study. This can be substantially prevented by prewarming.
Optimal Policies for the Management of an Electric Vehicle Battery Swap Station
Authors: Widrick Rebecca S. , Nurre Sarah G. , Robbins Matthew J. 
Published: October 2016

Optimizing operations at electric vehicle (EV) battery swap stations is internally motivated by the movement to make transportation cleaner and more efficient. An EV battery swap station allows EV owners to quickly exchange their depleted battery for a fully charged battery. We introduce the EV Battery-Swap Station Management Problem (EVB-SSMP), which models battery charging and discharging operations at an EV battery swap station facing nonstationary, stochastic demand for battery swaps, nonstationary prices for charging depleted batteries, and nonstationary prices for discharging fully charged batteries. Discharging through vehicle-to-grid is beneficial for aiding power load balancing. The objective of the EVB-SSMP is to determine the optimal policy for charging and discharging batteries that maximizes expected total profit over a fixed time horizon. The EVB-SSMP is formulated as a finite-horizon, discrete-time Markov decision problem and an optimal policy is found using dynamic programming. We derive structural properties, to include sufficiency conditions that ensure the existence of a monotone optimal policy. Utilizing available demand and electricity pricing data, we design and conduct two main computational experiments to obtain policy insights regarding the management of EV battery swap stations. We compare the optimal policy to two benchmark policies that are easily implementable by swap station managers. Policy insights include the relationship between the minimum battery level and the number of EVs in a local service area, the pricing incentive necessary to encourage effective discharge behavior, and the viability of EV battery swap stations under many conditions. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0676 .
Low-concentrated nonvital bleaching effect on bond strength of composite resin restorations
Authors: Néspoli Fabiana Gomes , Bernardineli Norberti , Garcia Roberto Brandão , Bramante Clovis Monteiro , Munhoz Etiene Andrade , Bodanezi Augusto 
Published: October 2016

Objective: To investigate if short-term dentin bleaching with low-concentrated substances affects the bond strength of immediate resin composite restorations. Material and Methods: The buccal surfaces of fifty molar crowns were ground for dentin exposure and randomly assigned into 5 groups (n=10), according to the following treatments: sodium perborate + water; sodium perborate + 6% hydrogen peroxide; 6% hydrogen peroxide; 35% hydrogen peroxide (positive control), or no bleaching agent (negative control). The specimens were immediately restored with resin composite. Seven days after treatments, the shear bond test was performed in a universal test machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD test (? = 0.05). Results: The shear bond strength mean values for the negative control group were higher than all experimental and positive control groups (p < 0.000), whose differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Short-term dentin bleaching with sodium perborate+water, 6% hydrogen peroxide, or sodium perborate mixed with 6% hydrogen peroxide reduced the shear bond strength of immediate resin composite restorations. KeywordsResins, synthetic; Hydrogen peroxide; Shear strength; Esthetics; Tooth.
Model of oral rehabilitation with immediate or delayed implant-supported complete dentures: Radiographic evaluation
Authors: Semenoff-Segundo Alex , Borges Alvaro Henrique , Da Silva Natalino Francisco , Bocardi Edinei Rocha de Almeida , Granjeiro Claudia da Fonseca , Medeiros Ana Luisa Lima Pereira , Semenoff Tereza Aparecida Delle Vedove 
Published: October 2016

Objective: The study aims were to compare the radiographic bone loss of implant-supported complete dentures submitted to immediate or delayed loading and to correlate this loss with different features of the patients involved. Material and Methods: Sixty protocol model implants, in 49 patients, were selected. Thirty-two protocol model implants were submitted to immediate loading, i.e., within 48 h. The remainder were submitted to delayed loading, three to six months later. Questionnaires that collected data on gender, age, location and number of implants, maintenance time and socioeconomic status were analysed. The measurements were obtained from digital panoramic radiographs (ANOVA, MANOVA; Student’s t test, p < 0.05). Results: The radiographic bone loss in the models that underwent immediate and delayed loading was 2.4 mm and 2.5 mm (p > 0.05), respectively; regarding gender and the location and number of implants, the results did not differ (p > 0.05). The average ages of the immediate (62.8 ± 10.1 years old) and the delayed (54.5 ± 5.46 years old) protocol groups were significantly different (p < 0.05). In tests examining multivariate associations with the dependent variable of bone loss >4 mm, there was association with a greater number of sites in the maxilla, older age and female gender. The odds ratio indicated that a loss of more than 4 mm was 17 times more likely in the maxilla. Conclusion: 1 - Well-maintained implant-supported complete denture sunder went little bone loss; 2 - there were no differences in radiographic outcomes between different techniques of rehabilitation; and 3 - there was greater bone loss in the maxilla, compared to the mandible; 4 - there were no correlations between bone loss and social class, age or gender of the patients.Key Words: Bone Loss, Dental, Dental Implants, Radiography.