bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of birth weight and adult waist circumference to cardiovascular disease risk in a longitudinal study
Authors: Tian Jingyan , Qiu Miaoyan , Li Yanyun , Zhang Xuan’e , Wang Haiyan , Sun Siming , Sharp Nora Sebeca , Tong Wenxin , Zeng Hailuan , Zheng Sheng , Song Xiaomin , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo determine the association of birth weight (BW) and waist circumference (WC) on cardiovascular disease (CVD). The longitudinal cohort study consisted of 745 participants who were able to provide their birth weight information and were followed from 2002 to 2014. During the follow-up, 83 events of CVD were confirmed. After adjusting for confounding factors, subjects with birth weight <2500 g were at a significantly increased CVD risk when compared to subjects with birth weight between 2500–3999 g (OR 2·47, 95%CI, 1·07–5·71). When high waist circumference (HWC), a measurement of adult obesity, was incorporated into stratifying factors according to presence or absence of low birth weight (LBW, birth weight <2500 g), adjusted CVD risk was significantly elevated in -LBW/+ HWC group (OR 1·94, 95%CI, 1·10–3·43) and marginally significantly increased in +LBW/-HWC group (OR 2·94, 95%CI, 1·00–8·64). CVD risk was highest in subjects with LBW and HWC (+LBW/+HWC), OR 4·74 (95%CI, 1·48–15·21). Higher waist circumference in adulthood is an especially strong risk factor for cardiovascular disease among those small at birth. In this cohort, birth size and adiposity in adulthood interact to predict events of cardiovascular disease.
A novel approach for the prediction of species-specific biotransformation of xenobiotic/drug molecules by the human gut microbiota
Authors: Sharma Ashok K. , Jaiswal Shubham K. , Chaudhary Nikhil , Sharma Vineet K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe human gut microbiota is constituted of a diverse group of microbial species harbouring an enormous metabolic potential, which can alter the metabolism of orally administered drugs leading to individual/population-specific differences in drug responses. Considering the large heterogeneous pool of human gut bacteria and their metabolic enzymes, investigation of species-specific contribution to xenobiotic/drug metabolism by experimental studies is a challenging task. Therefore, we have developed a novel computational approach to predict the metabolic enzymes and gut bacterial species, which can potentially carry out the biotransformation of a xenobiotic/drug molecule. A substrate database was constructed for metabolic enzymes from 491 available human gut bacteria. The structural properties (fingerprints) from these substrates were extracted and used for the development of random forest models, which displayed average accuracies of up to 98.61% and 93.25% on cross-validation and blind set, respectively. After the prediction of EC subclass, the specific metabolic enzyme (EC) is identified using a molecular similarity search. The performance was further evaluated on an independent set of FDA-approved drugs and other clinically important molecules. To our knowledge, this is the only available approach implemented as ‘DrugBug’ tool for the prediction of xenobiotic/drug metabolism by metabolic enzymes of human gut microbiota.
Amyloid precursor protein drives down-regulation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation independent of amyloid beta
Authors: Lopez Sanchez M. Isabel G. , Waugh Hayley S. , Tsatsanis Andrew , Wong Bruce X. , Crowston Jonathan G. , Duce James A. , Trounce Ian A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAmyloid precursor protein (APP) and its extracellular domain, soluble APP alpha (sAPPα) play important physiological and neuroprotective roles. However, rare forms of familial Alzheimer’s disease are associated with mutations in APP that increase toxic amyloidogenic cleavage of APP and produce amyloid beta (Aβ) at the expense of sAPPα and other non-amyloidogenic fragments. Although mitochondrial dysfunction has become an established hallmark of neurotoxicity, the link between Aβ and mitochondrial function is unclear. In this study we investigated the effects of increased levels of neuronal APP or Aβ on mitochondrial metabolism and gene expression, in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Increased non-amyloidogenic processing of APP, but not Aβ, profoundly decreased respiration and enhanced glycolysis, while mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) transcripts were decreased, without detrimental effects to cell growth. These effects cannot be ascribed to Aβ toxicity, since higher levels of endogenous Aβ in our models do not cause oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) perturbations. Similarly, chemical inhibition of β-secretase decreased mitochondrial respiration, suggesting that non-amyloidogenic processing of APP may be responsible for mitochondrial changes. Our results have two important implications, the need for caution in the interpretation of mitochondrial perturbations in models where APP is overexpressed, and a potential role of sAPPα or other non-amyloid APP fragments as acute modulators of mitochondrial metabolism.
Synthesis and Characterization of PtTe2 Multi-Crystallite Nanoparticles using Organotellurium Nanocomposites
Authors: Fernández-Lodeiro Javier , Rodríguez-Gónzalez Benito , Novio Fernando , Fernández-Lodeiro Adrián , Ruiz-Molina Daniel , Capelo José Luis , Santos Alcindo A. dos , Lodeiro Carlos 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein, we report the synthesis of new PtTe2 multi-crystallite nanoparticles (NPs) in different sizes through an annealing process using new nanostructured Pt-Te organometallic NPs as a single source precursor. This precursor was obtained in a single reaction step using Ph2Te2 and H2PtCl6 and could be successfully size controlled in the nanoscale range. The resulting organometallic composite precursor could be thermally decomposed in 1,5 pentanediol to yield the new PtTe2 multi-crystallite NPs. The final size of the multi-crystallite spheres was successfully controlled by selecting the nanoprecursor size. The sizes of the PtTe2 crystallites formed using the large spheres were estimated to be in the range of 2.5–6.5 nm. The results provide information relevant to understanding specific mechanistic aspects related to the synthesis of organometallic nanomaterials and nanocrystals based on platinum and tellurium.
Mapping architectural and transcriptional alterations in non-lesional and lesional epidermis in vitiligo
Authors: Singh Archana , Gotherwal Vishvabandhu , Junni Päivi , Vijayan Vinaya , Tiwari Manisha , Ganju Parul , Kumar Avinash , Sharma Pankaj , Fatima Tanveer , Gupta Aayush , Holla Ananthaprasad , Kar Hemanta K. , Khanna Sangeeta , Thukral Lipi , Malik Garima , Natarajan Krishnamurthy , Gadgil Chetan J. , Lahesmaa Riitta , Natarajan Vivek T. , Rani Rajni , Gokhale Rajesh S. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn vitiligo, chronic loss of melanocytes and consequent absence of melanin from the epidermis presents a challenge for long-term tissue maintenance. The stable vitiligo patches are known to attain an irreversible depigmented state. However, the molecular and cellular processes resulting in this remodeled tissue homeostasis is unclear. To investigate the complex interplay of inductive signals and cell intrinsic factors that support the new acquired state, we compared the matched lesional and non-lesional epidermis obtained from stable non-segmental vitiligo subjects. Hierarchical clustering of genome-wide expression of transcripts surprisingly segregated lesional and non-lesional samples in two distinct clades, despite the apparent heterogeneity in the lesions of different vitiligo subjects. Pathway enrichment showed the expected downregulation of melanogenic pathway and a significant downregulation of cornification and keratinocyte differentiation processes. These perturbations could indeed be recapitulated in the lesional epidermal tissue, including blunting of rete-ridges, thickening of stratum corneum and increase in the size of corneocytes. In addition, we identify marked increase in the putrescine levels due to the elevated expression of spermine/spermidine acetyl transferase. Our study provides insights into the intrinsic self-renewing ability of damaged lesional tissue to restore epidermal functionality in vitiligo.
Impact of transient currents caused by alternating drain stress in oxide semiconductors
Authors: Lee Hyeon-Jun , Cho Sung Haeng , Abe Katsumi , Lee Myoung-Jae , Jung Minkyung 
Published: August 2017

AbstractReliability issues associated with driving metal-oxide semiconductor thin film transistors (TFTs), which may arise from various sequential drain/gate pulse voltage stresses and/or certain environmental parameters, have not received much attention due to the competing desire to characterise the shift in the transistor characteristics caused by gate charging. In this paper, we report on the reliability of these devices under AC bias stress conditions because this is one of the major sources of failure. In our analysis, we investigate the effects of the driving frequency, pulse shape, strength of the applied electric field, and channel current, and the results are compared with those from a general reliability test in which the devices were subjected to negative/positive bias, temperature, and illumination stresses, which are known to cause the most stress to oxide semiconductor TFTs. We also report on the key factors that affect the sub-gap defect states, and suggest a possible origin of the current degradation observed with an AC drive. Circuit designers should apply a similar discovery and analysis method to ensure the reliable design of integrated circuits with oxide semiconductor devices, such as the gate driver circuits used in display devices.
Hypnotic analgesia reduces brain responses to pain seen in others
Authors: Braboszcz Claire , Brandao-Farinelli Edith , Vuilleumier Patrik 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBrain responses to pain experienced by oneself or seen in other people show consistent overlap in the pain processing network, particularly anterior insula, supporting the view that pain empathy partly relies on neural processes engaged by self-nociception. However, it remains unresolved whether changes in one’s own pain sensation may affect empathic responding to others’ pain. Here we show that inducing analgesia through hypnosis leads to decreased responses to both self and vicarious experience of pain. Activations in the right anterior insula and amygdala were markedly reduced when participants received painful thermal stimuli following hypnotic analgesia on their own hand, but also when they viewed pictures of others’ hand in pain. Functional connectivity analysis indicated that this hypnotic modulation of pain responses was associated with differential recruitment of right prefrontal regions implicated in selective attention and inhibitory control. Our results provide novel support to the view that self-nociception is involved during empathy for pain, and demonstrate the possibility to use hypnotic procedures to modulate higher-level emotional and social processes.
Interactions of Boron Clusters and their Derivatives with Serum Albumin
Authors: Goszczyński Tomasz M. , Fink Krzysztof , Kowalski Konrad , Leśnikowski Zbigniew J. , Boratyński Janusz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBoron clusters are polyhedral boron hydrides with unique properties, and they are becoming increasingly widely used in biology and medicine, including for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of cancers and in the design of novel bioactive molecules and potential drugs. Among boron cluster types, icosahedral boranes, carboranes, and metallacarboranes are particularly interesting, and there is a need for basic studies on their interaction with biologically important molecules, such as proteins. Herein, we report studies on the interaction of selected boron clusters and their derivatives with serum albumin, the most abundant protein in mammalian blood. The interaction of boron clusters with albumin was examined by fluorescence quenching, circular dichroism, dynamic and static light scattering measurements and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Our results showed that metallacarboranes have the strongest interaction with albumin among the tested clusters. The observed strength of boron cluster interactions with albumin decreases in order: metallacarboranes [M(C2B9H11)2]− > carboranes (C2B10H12) >> dodecaborate anion [B12H12]2−. Metallacarboranes first specifically interact with the binding cavity of albumin and then, with increasing compound concentrations, interact non-specifically with the protein surface. These findings can be of importance and are useful in the development of new bioactive compounds that contain boron clusters.
Selinexor (KPT-330) has antitumor activity against anaplastic thyroid carcinoma in vitro and in vivo and enhances sensitivity to doxorubicin
Authors: Garg Manoj , Kanojia Deepika , Mayakonda Anand , Ganesan Trivadi S , Sadhanandhan Bindhya , Suresh Sidhanth , S. Sneha , Nagare Rohit P. , Said Jonathan W. , Doan Ngan B. , Ding Ling-Wen , Baloglu Erkan , Shacham Sharon , Kauffman Michael , Koeffler H. Phillip 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAnaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is one of the most lethal malignancies having no effective treatment. Exportin-1 (XPO1) is the key mediator of nuclear export of many tumor suppressor proteins and is overexpressed in human cancers. In this study, we examined the therapeutic potential of selinexor (XPO1 inhibitor) against human ATC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we showed that XPO1 is robustly expressed in primary ATC samples and human ATC cell lines. Silencing of XPO1 by either shRNA or selinexor significantly reduced cellular growth and induced cell cycle arrest, apoptosis of ATC cells by altering the protein expression of cancer-related genes. Moreover, selinexor significantly inhibited tumor growth of ATC xenografts. Microarray analysis showed enrichment of DNA replication, cell cycle, cell cycle checkpoint and TNF pathways in selinexor treated ATC cells. Importantly, selinexor decreased AXL and GAS6 levels in CAL62 and HTH83 cells and suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream targets of AXL signaling such as AKT and P70S6K. Finally, a combination of selinexor with doxorubicin demonstrated a synergistic decrease in the cellular proliferation of several ATC cells. These results provide a rationale for investigating the efficacy of combining selinexor and doxorubicin therapy to improve the outcome of ATC patients.
Giant THz surface plasmon polariton induced by high-index dielectric metasurface
Authors: Lin Shuai , Bhattarai Khagendra , Zhou Jiangfeng , Talbayev Diyar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe use computational approaches to explore the role of a high-refractive-index dielectric TiO2 grating with deep subwavelength thickness on InSb as a tunable coupler for THz surface plasmons. We find a series of resonances as the grating couples a normally-incident THz wave to standing surface plasmon waves on both thin and thick InSb layers. In a marked contrast with previously-explored metallic gratings, we observe the emergence of a much stronger additional resonance. The mechanism of this giant plasmonic resonance is well interpreted by the dispersion of surface plasmon excited in the air\TiO2\InSb trilayer system. We demonstrate that both the frequency and the intensity of the giant resonance can be tuned by varying dielectric grating parameters, providing more flexible tunability than metallic gratings. The phase and amplitude of the normally-incident THz wave are spatially modulated by the dielectric grating to optimize the surface plasmon excitation. The giant surface plasmon resonance gives rise to strong enhancement of the electric field above the grating structure, which can be useful in sensing and spectroscopy applications.
A novel function of cIAP1 as a mediator of CHIP-driven eIF4E regulation
Authors: Seo Tae Woong , Lee Ji Sun , Choi Ye Na , Jeong Dar Heum , Lee Sun Kyung , Yoo Soon Ji 
Published: August 2017

AbstracteIF4E is an initiator protein in cap-dependent translation. Its overexpression is linked to tumorigenesis in various human cancers, suggesting that the levels of eIF4E must be under tight control in normal cells. Although several eIF4E regulatory mechanisms have been demonstrated, the intracellular mechanisms controlling eIF4E protein levels remain poorly understood. Here, we report that eIF4E is efficiently regulated by dual mechanisms, both involving human inhibitor of apoptosis family protein cIAP1. cIAP1 itself ubiquitinates eIF4E as an E3 ligase, and interestingly, cIAP1 also functions as a mediator to present eIF4E to another E3 ligase, CHIP. This collaborative activity of cIAP1 and CHIP directs eIF4E toward degradation, controlling its levels and suppressing tumorigenesis. Our results provide the first evidence for a mediator function of cIAP1 and collaborative activity of cIAP1 and CHIP, suggesting that maintaining balanced levels of these E3 ligases might be beneficial for normal cell growth.
A novel chalcone derivative S17 induces apoptosis through ROS dependent DR5 up-regulation in gastric cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Saiyang , Li Tingyu , Zhang Li , Wang Xiangyu , Dong Hangqi , Li Lili , Fu Dongjun , Li Yongchun , Zi Xiaolin , Liu Hong-Min , Zhang Yanbing , Xu Hongde , Jin Cheng-Yun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA new series of etherification chalcone derivatives were designed and synthesized through Willimison etherification and Claisen-Schmidt condensation. Among them, compound 2-c which was given chemical name of S17, has been successfully screened out as the most potent one on gastric cancer cell line(MGC803) through the investigation for their effects against the growth of five cancer cell lines (EC109, HepG2, MCF7, MGC803, SKNSH). S17 exhibited strong anti-proliferative activity on other two gastric cancer cells (HGC27 and SGC7901), but less cytotoxicity to non-malignant gastric epithelial cells GES1. S17 potently killed gastric cancer cells with causing modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins and activation of caspase 9/3 cascade. S17 also up-regulated DR5 expression and DR5 knockdown partially reversed S17-induced apoptosis, caspase activation and MMP decrease. S17 robustly induced generation of ROS with Keap/Nrf2 pathway activated and the application of ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) completely blocked these effects by S17 in MGC803 cells. Intraperitoneal administration of S17 significantly inhibited the growth of MGC803 cells in vivo in a xenograft mouse model without observed toxicity. These results indicated that S17 is a leadbrominated chalcone derivate and deserves further investigation for prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
Inhibition of GDF8 (Myostatin) accelerates bone regeneration in diabetes mellitus type 2
Authors: Wallner Christoph , Jaurich Henriette , Wagner Johannes Maximilian , Becerikli Mustafa , Harati Kamran , Dadras Mehran , Lehnhardt Marcus , Behr Björn 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMetabolic diseases like diabetes mellitus cause bone healing deficiencies. We found significant impairment of bone regeneration, osteogenic differentiation and proliferation in diabetic bone. Moreover recent studies suggest a highly underestimated importance of GDF8 (Myostatin) in bone metabolism. Our goal was to analyze the role of GDF8 as a regulator of osteogenic differentiation, proliferation and bone regeneration. We used a murine tibial defect model in diabetic (Leprdb−/−) mice. Myostatin-Inhibitor Follistatin was administered in tibial bony defects of diabetic mice. By means of histology, immunohistochemistry and QRT-PC osteogenesis, differentiation and proliferation were analyzed. Application of Myostatin-inhibitor showed a significant improvement in diabetic bone regeneration compared to the control group (6.5 fold, p < 0.001). Immunohistochemistry revealed a significantly higher proliferation (7.7 fold, p = 0.009), osteogenic differentiation (Runx-2: 3.7 fold, p = 0.011, ALP: 9.3 fold, p < 0.001) and calcification (4.9 fold, p = 0.024) in Follistatin treated diabetic animals. Therapeutical application of Follistatin, known for the importance in muscle diseases, plays an important role in bone metabolism. Diabetic bone revealed an overexpression of the catabolic protein Myostatin. Antagonization of Myostatin in diabetic animals leads to a restoration of the impaired bone regeneration and represents a promising therapeutic option.
The extraordinary variation of the organellar genomes of the Aneura pinguis revealed advanced cryptic speciation of the early land plants
Authors: Myszczyński Kamil , Bączkiewicz Alina , Buczkowska Katarzyna , Ślipiko Monika , Szczecińska Monika , Sawicki Jakub 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAneura pinguisis known as a species complex with several morphologically indiscernible species, which are often reproductively isolated from each other and show distinguishable genetic differences. Genetic dissimilarity of cryptic species may be detected by genomes comparison. This study presents the first complete sequences of chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of six cryptic species ofA. pinguiscomplex:A. pinguisA, B, C, E, F, J. These genomes have been compared to each other in order to reconstruct phylogenetic relationships and to gain better understanding of the evolutionary process of cryptic speciation in this complex. The chloroplast genome with the nucleotide diversity 0.05111 and 1537 indels is by far more variable than mitogenome with π value 0.00233 and number of indels 1526. Tests of selection evidenced that on about 36% of chloroplast genes and on 10% of mitochondrial genes ofA. pinguisacts positive selection. It suggests an advanced speciation of species. The phylogenetic analyses based on genomes show thatA. pinguisis differentiated and forms three distinct clades. Moreover, on the cpDNA trees,Aneura mirabilisis nested among the cryptic species ofA. pinguis. This indicates that theA. pinguiscryptic species do not derive directly from one common ancestor.
Ethyl Acetate Extract Components of Bushen-Yizhi Formula Provides Neuroprotection against Scopolamine-induced Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Zhang Shi-Jie , Luo Dan , Li Lin , Tan Rui-Rong , Xu Qing-Qing , Qin Jie , Zhu Lei , Luo Na-Chuan , Xu Ting-Ting , Zhang Rong , Yang Lei , Wang Qi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disorder and there is no effective cure for this devastating disease to date. Bushen Yizhi Formula (BSYZ-F), a Chinese herbal compound, has proved to be effective for AD. In this study, we further investigate the effective part of BSYZ-F, ethyl acetate extract components of BSYZ-F (BSYZ-E), protects scopolamine (SCOP)-induced cognitive impairment, which shows a similar effect to BSYZ-F. We also find that BSYZ-E could protect against SCOP-induced cholinergic system dysfunction. In neuron function level, BSYZ-E remarkably elevates protein levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BSYZ-E also significantly mitigates SCOP-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress and nitrosative stress. Conclusively, BSYZ-E, the effective part of BSYZ-F, can provide neuroprotection against SCOP-induced cognitive impairment through a multifunctional strategy. These findings suggest that BSYZ-E might be developed as a therapeutic drug for AD by targeting multiple pathways of the pathogenesis.