bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anestesia raquídea versus anestesia intrarticular en cirugía artroscópica de rodilla. [Spinal anesthesia versus intra-articular anesthesia in arthroscopic surgery of the knee.]
Authors: Marangoni Lucas Daniel , Giacossa Roxana , Malvarez Alejandro , Bitar Ivan , Bustos Damian , Galera Horacio , Bertiche Pablo 
Published: November 2016

<p><strong><em>Introducción:</em></strong> La artroscopia de rodilla es el procedimiento quirúrgico más común para tratar pacientes con lesiones meniscales y/o condrales. El objetivo de este trabajo fue comparar la eficacia de la anestesia raquídea vs la intraarticular en artroscopias simples de rodilla, evaluar la calidad de la anestesia, describir la incidencia de los efectos adversos y determinar complicaciones en ambos casos.</p><p><br /><strong><em>Material y Métodos:</em></strong> Estudio Nivel de evidencia I, prospectivo, randomizado, en el cuál se comparó dos procedimientos anestésicos evaluando, edad, tiempo de cirugía, tiempo de duración de la anestesia, tiempo de internación, dolor (EVA), conformidad con el procedimiento y costos. Se utilizó el test de Student para la realización de las estadísticas y probabilidades. Nivel de significación: p &lt; 0,05.<br /> </p><p><strong><em>Resultados:</em></strong> Setenta pacientes se incluyeron en el estudio, 35 fueron operados con anestesia intraarticular, y el mismo número de pacientes con anestesia raquídea. El tiempo de internación fue mayor en el grupo de anestesia raquídea 7,34 horas (rango 4 a 11). Mientras que en el grupo de anestesia intraarticular el promedio de estadía hospitalaria fue de 3,43 horas (rango 2 a 5), dando una p = menor a 0,0001. En la variable costo hubo una diferencia significativa a favor de la anestesia intraarticular con respecto a la anestesia raquídea con un valor de p menor a 0,0001.</p><p align="center"> </p><p><strong><em>Discusión Conclusión: </em></strong>Las ventajas encontradas a favor de la anestesia intraarticular fueron: Estadías hospitalarias acortadas, se evitaron efectos indeseables de la anestesia raquídea: bloqueo motor, nauseas, vómitos, hipotensión, pérdida transitoria de esfínter urinario y retención urinaria (globo vesical). Disminución de los costos y mayor aceptación de los pacientes.</p><p align="center"><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><br /></span></em></p>
Weight Change Nomograms for the First Month After Birth
Authors: Paul Ian M. , Schaefer Eric W. , Miller Jennifer R. , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , Li Sherian X. , Walsh Eileen M. , Flaherman Valerie J. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
Clinicians expect newborns to surpass birth weight by age 10 to 14 days, yet few studies have examined the natural history of weight change in the weeks after birth. We sought to determine the distribution of weight loss and subsequent regain during the first month, the proportion not surpassing birth weight by 14 and 21 days, and whether findings differed by delivery mode.

METHODS:
For 161 471 singleton neonates delivered at ≥36 weeks’ gestation at Kaiser Permanente Northern California Medical Centers between 2009 and 2013 and weighing 2000 to 5000 g at birth, we extracted daily weights from inpatient electronic records and weights from outpatient visits in the first month. Quantile regression appropriate for repeated measures was used to estimate percentiles of weight change as a function of time after birth, stratified by delivery mode.

RESULTS:
After exclusions, weight data were analyzed from 143 889 newborns (76% born vaginally). Based on percentile estimates, 50% of newborns were at or above birth weight at 9 and 10 days after vaginal and cesarean delivery, respectively. Among those delivered vaginally, 14% and 5% were not back to birth weight by 14 and 21 days, respectively. For those delivered by cesarean, 24% and 8% were not back to birth weight by 14 and 21 days, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
It is not uncommon for newborns to be below birth weight 10 to 14 days after delivery. A larger percentage of newborns delivered by cesarean had yet to regain birth weight at every time point through 1 month.
TEKNOLOGI PENANGANAN DAN PENYIMPANAN IKAN TUNA SEGAR DI ATAS KAPAL
Authors: Irianto Hari Eko 
Published: November 2016

Indonesia merupakan negara produsen ikan tuna terbesar kelima di dunia. Terdapat beberapa jenis ikan tuna yang banyak diperdagangkan di pasar internasional, terutama bluefin tuna, southern bluefin tuna, bigeye tuna, yellowfin tuna, albacore, dan skipjack. Ikan tuna termasuk komoditas yang cepat mengalami proses kemunduran mutu bila tidak disimpan pada suhu rendah dan juga dapat menghasilkan senyawa histamin yang berbahaya bagi manusia yang mengkonsumsinya. Ikan tuna segar bermutu baik dapat diperoleh dengan menerapkan teknik penanganan dan penyimpanan yang benar segera setelah ikan ditangkap. Cara penanganan ikan tuna setelah ditangkap yang sering diterapkan adalah penggancoan, pendaratan ke atas kapal, pematian, perusakan saluran saraf dengan alat Taniguchi, pembuangan darah, pembuangan insang dan isi perut, pembersihan, serta penyimpanan dingin. Mutu ikan tuna dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor biologis dan non-biologis. Faktor-faktor biologis yang berpengaruh meliputi spesies, umur, ukuran, tingkat kematangan seksual, dan adanya parasit atau penyakit, sedangkan faktor-faktor non-biologis adalah metode penangkapan, teknik penanganan, teknik pendinginan, dan teknik penyimpanan.
EFFECT OF CHOPPING STEP AND DRYING TECHNIQUE ON THE QUALITY OF ALKALI TREATED COTTONII (ATC)
Authors: Wibowo Singgih , Darmawan Muhamad , Hakim Arif Rahman , Marsella Seruni 
Published: November 2016

A research related to the production of alkali treated cottonii (ATC) had been carried out in order to study the effect of chopping step and drying techniques on the quality of ATC produced. Four treatments were applied in the experiment, namely was copping before sun drying (treatment A); chopping after sun drying (B); chopping before mechanical drying (C); and chopping after mechanical drying (D). The quality parameters of ATC measured were gel strength, moisture content, viscosity, yield, and whiteness. The results showed that the quality of ATC was significantly affected by chopping step and drying technique, especially in ATC gel strength, viscosity and yield. However, the effect of chopping step and drying technique was insignificant to ATC moisture content and whiteness. Chopping seaweed before drying resulted in higher gel strength of the ATC but lower in yield, while chopping after drying tended to result in lower gel strength but higher viscosity and yield.
ABSORBSI H2S MENGGUNAKAN LARUTAN Fe-EDTA DALAM PACKED COLUMN
Authors: Kwartiningsih Endang , Jumari Arif 
Published: November 2016

<p><strong><em>Abstract:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>Gas purification from the content of H<sub>2</sub>S using Fe-EDTA (Iron Chelated Solution) gave several advantages. The advantages were the absorbent solution can be regenerated that means a cheap operation cost, the separated sulfur was a solid that is easy to handle and is save to be disposal to environment. This research was done by simulation and experimental. The simulation step was done by mathematical model arrangement representing the absorption process in packed column through mass transfer arrangement such as mass transfer equations and chemical reaction. The experimental step was done with the making of Fe-EDTA solution from FeCl<sub>2</sub> and EDTA. Then Fe-EDTA solution was flown in counter current packed column that was contacted with H<sub>2</sub>S in the methane gas. By comparing gas composition result of experiment and simulation, the value of mass transfer coefficient in gas phase ( k<sub>Ag</sub>a), mass transfer coefficient in liquid phase (k<sub>Al</sub>a) and the reaction rate constant ( k) were found. The values of mass transfer coefficient in liquid phase (k<sub>Al</sub>a) were lower than values of mass transfer coefficient in gas phase (k<sub>Ag</sub>a) and the reaction rate constant (k). It meant that H<sub>2</sub>S absorption process using Fe-EDTA absorbent solution was determined by mass transfer process in liquid phase. The higher flow rate of absorbent, the higher value of mass transfer coefficient in liquid phase. </em><em>The smaller packing diameter, the higher value of mass transfer coefficient in liquid phase.From analysis of dimension, the relation of dimensionless number between Sherwood number and flow rate of absorbent, packing diameter was</em><strong></strong></p><p> <strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><strong><em> </em></strong><em>chemical reaction, Fe-EDTA, H<sub>2</sub>S absorption, mass transfer</em></p>
PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KULIT NANAS MELALUI HIDROLISIS DENGAN ASAM
Authors: Susanti Ari Diana 
Published: November 2016

<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong><em>Pineapple skin is an agricultural waste that has a carbohydrate content of about 10:54% and the skin of pineapple juice glucose levels by 17% so it can be utilized to ethanol. Hydrolysis reaction is so slow that the reaction requires a catalyst. The catalyst used in this study were hydrochloric acid (HCl). This study aims to Learn how to use the skin of pineapple waste as alternative raw material manufacture bioethanol. The variables studied were the concentration of hydrochloric acid, the hydrolysis and fermentation time. Sorghum starch hydrolysis process using a three neck flask equipment, mercury stirrer, heating mantle, cooling behind and a thermometer to measure temperature. Sampling for glucose analysis performed when the temperature reaches 100<sup>o</sup>C every 45 minutes to obtain optimum glucose levels. Glucose samples were analyzed by using the Lane-Eynon. Data analysis showed the longer the higher the hydrolysis of the resulting glucose levels, but there are times when the glucose level will drop over time for glucose resulting damage due to continuous heating. In the fermentation process is carried out with fermentation time of 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, 120 hours fiber. The most optimum bacterial activity is a long fermentation for 96 hours. Distillation process carried out on the final results of ethanol fermentation and obtained the highest levels of 31.399%.</em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em> : Pineapple skin, hydrolysis, fermentation, distillation, ethanol.</em></p><p> </p>
Using Turbine Technology to Run Casing, Liners and Completions to TD in Challenging Wells in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Okot Mike , Olatunbosun Ayoola , Chima Jude , Muqeem Muhammad , Hajji Ali , Ramirez-Narino Alfredo , Al-Haj Haitham , Rider John , Wardle Magnus , Tools Deep Casing , Prescott John 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Reactive formations, resulting in wellbore instability, can obstruct the running of casing, liners, and completions. This problem is particularly acute in highly deviated, complex wellbore geometries, and long horizontal sections, where increased exposure time can lead to deteriorating hole conditions.
This paper reviews the use of a novel fluid-powered Turbine Reamer Shoe (TRS) to successfully run 9⅝in casing, 7in drilling and production liners, and 4½in liners and completions through problematic intervals and hole conditions. The downhole turbine provides high speed reamer rotation without rotating the entire string, and requires minimal modification to standard running practices.
The 9⅝in and 7in casing/liner running turbines present a further novel design feature: an unobstructed through bore (at API drift ID of the string on which it is run) for rapid drill out and drilling ahead.
Results from over 30 onshore and offshore wells from the Manifa development, and several other fields, including Berri, Zuluf, Qatif, and Safaniya are analysed.
The TRS is now becoming a technology of choice in the planning of challenging wells, to mitigate the risk of sticking, and to reduce the flat time and HSE exposure involved in conditioning the wellbore and re-running casing, liners, and completions.
Real-Time Friction Simulation for Accurate Calculation of Bottomhole Pressure During Stimulation in Open Hole Sliding-Sleeve Ball Seat Completions
Authors: Mehle M. P. , Hlidek B. T. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Accurate estimation of hydraulic fracture geometry depends to a substantial degree on precise information about the pressure within the fracture itself. The most accurate means of obtaining this measurement is via instrumentation located at or near the fracture injection point. In modern horizontal completions, this type of measurement is generally considered too expensive or logistically impractical. An alternate approach is to directly measure pressure and pump rate on the surface, and to then computationally account for the fluid friction contributions of each component in the wellbore to deduce the bottomhole fracture pressure. One particular source of uncertainty in this calculation is the contribution of the ball seat stack in a sliding-sleeve completion system. Lab testing of ball seat friction contribution is difficult to obtain, highly subjective and not typically available for a specific installation on-site. Fracture geometry is, therefore, more often than not inaccurately estimated or simply ignored, contributing to inefficient stimulation and consequently resulting in lower production for oil and gas projects.
This paper provides a background basis for traditional bottomhole pressure estimation and its shortcomings in the presence of modern sliding-sleeve completion systems. It then derives a modified form of the rate step-down entry friction test to identify the friction contribution of a sliding-sleeve completion system on-site in real-time and suggests a practical method for execution of this test on a well site.
Benefits of Operations Engagement at Fabrication Yards During Building of Modules for Major Projects
Authors: AL Taffaq Mohamed Obaid , Al Fakih Neebal 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The early engagement of experienced operations and maintenance team from the conceptual to commissioning stage is not only beneficial but essential to ensure that the given projects achieve their set objectives. This direct exposure is the best method to ensure that the operation personnel understand the overall process, produce effective knowledge transfer, adopt best engineering practices and equipment familiarization techniques within the assigned projects. The main benefits and lesson learnt from operation engagement at Fabrication Yards are as follows: ❖ Complete numerous aspects of readiness to operate facilities.❖ Confirm project standards and specifications are met❖ Early familiarization of operations team with the module scopes and facilities.❖ Set targets, strategies and suitable operation execution plans can be produced more effectively.❖ Maximizes greater benefits from the existing plant lesson learnt throughout the various stages of the value assurance process.❖ Participation in the Mechanical Completion, Pre-Commissioning, and Commissioning processes in projects yards will provide all parties with opportunities to ensure the as-built facilities meet the facility designs up to required quality.
The roles and responsibilities for operation engagement have been well defined in advance and written so as to maximize aspects of readiness. Moreover, this system specifically outlines key strategies between the different project interfaces.
Korchagina P–108: Breaking ERD Records Offshore North Caspian Sea: A Case Study
Authors: Zvyagin Vasily , Dubovik Alexander , Rizvanov Rail , Huseynov Mammad , Sissenov Olzhas , Baskakov Sergey 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
LUKOIL's drilling operations on Korchagina field offshore Caspian, involving 16 extended reach wells were recently culminated by completing the longest well on the project. Well P-108 was planned to the total depth of 9000 mMD and required precise engineering and special techniques especially with respect to lower completion installation. This paper provides a case history of the challenging lower completions deployment along with the well design summaries and operational parameters that led to successful execution.
Based on the previous experience, installation of the lower completions on the long reach wells requires rotation. With a standard lower completions design incorporating sections of 6⅝-in and 5½-in stand alone screens, the torsional loads were exceeding torque limitations of the completions and running strings. The approach used for this well was based on the best design and operational practices from the previously drilled extended reach wells and comprising of selection of optimal screen sizes, running string optimization, friction factor reduction, hole condition management, cooperation with geomechanics and well placement teams throughout the course of drilling the section was planned on this well for successful execution.
The well was successfully drilled and completed at a shallower total depth than planned - 8005 mMD, due to geological reasons. Nevertheless, this well broke several records on the project: the longest well, the longest completions string – 5032 m, the highest daily footage in 9½-in section – 837 m. It also broke one of the world records: the longest 9½-in one bit run – 4895 m. During well planning and execution stage, key elements of well design and implementation were subjected to intense analysis through systematic optimization processes. Along with management of well construction parameters and practices, this resulted in technical integration of multiple discipline, such as well engineering, completions engineering, geomechanics, mud engineering, well placement, directional drilling. Understanding the key challenges of the well and collaborative work between an operator and service providers in addressing the issues, allowed to achieve exceptional results in drilling and completing the longest well on the project without HSE or environmental impact.
Successful execution of the well has established new benchmarks on the projects and on the Northern Caspian and pushed the limits of extended reach drilling (ERD) wells on Korchagina to world class ERD wells. Design considerations and applied techniques provided in this case history can be used for the future ERD wells with non-trivial conditions with regards to the lower completions installation.
Quasi-3D (Q3D) Hydraulic Fracture Model: An Enhanced Workflow to Model Height Growth in Asymmetric Multilayer Formations
Authors: Tayyab Imran 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Pseudo-3D (P3D) fracture models have been extensively researched. However most of these models are either very simple or too complex. This study proposes a workflow, based on equilibrium height concept (EHC) and layered reservoir data, to calculate fracture height along length axis and optimally size frac treatments.
The main calculation is based on Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics. It estimates the fracture height by equating stress intensity factor at tip & bottom of frac to fracture toughness of that layer. The original model was designed for a 3-layer system, which inadequately captured formation heterogeneity especially when fracking interbedded reservoirs. To overcome the limitation, this workflow extrapolates the EHC using reservoir layer table where rock properties are defined with respect to depth. Initially a fracture height is assumed to calculate treatment pressure, which is then compared with pressure from 2D models. If the difference is greater than error limit, higher height is assumed to rerun the model. For each height, fracture top & bottom depths are calculated using frac geometric description. These depths are correlated with reservoir table to obtain rock parameters for those layers. This algorithm is run iteratively until a solution is achieved within error limit. As rock parameters are correlated for each run, any layer above and below the target zone can act as bounding layer therefore no grouping of layers is required. Further, the frac is divided in number of units along the length axis and optimum width & net pressure is calculated for each unit to estimate its height. Final output is a schematic of fracture height all along the length axis that is calculated from reservoir description. Number of units in which frac is divided along length axis to calculate height should be a compromise between resolution and computational time. As height is calculated from P3D module for all units, this is analogous to 3D models that work on mesh-grids, hence workflow is named Quasi-3D (Q3D) model. Finally, the calculated height can be used in Unified Fracture Design module to optimally size the frac treatment honoring height constraints.
Q3D model results are compared with original model to evaluate differences and quantify its superiority over previous algorithms. The use of multilayer model allows the understanding of height growth therefore penetration into unwanted layers can be avoided. As height is also calculated away from wellbore, dipping of fracture or unwanted zone penetration away from the wellbore can also be observed and avoided by adjusting treatment size. Lastly, couple of worked examples are discussed to demonstrate the working of this model. Q3D model allows estimation of frac height in asymmetric multilayer lithology without grouping layers. Further, complete cross-section of height is constructed along the length axis emulating working of 3D models.