bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimum salinity for growth of mangrove crab Scylla serrata seed in recirculation systems
Authors: Hastuti Yuni Puji , Affandi Ridwan , Safrina Mafatih Devi , Faturrohman Kurnia , Nurussalam Wildan 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT One of the abiotic factors that affects the growth and the survival of crabs is salinity. The optimum salinity media will give maximum impact on mangrove crab Scylla serrata due to the osmoregulation process. This study aimed to examine the effect of salinity on the survival rate (SR) and spesific growth rate (SGR) of mangrove crab through the reaction of physiological condition. The treatments were rearing mangrove crab at the salinity medium of 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), and 30 ppt (D). Result showed that different salinity performed a significant effect (P<0.05) on the survival rate and specific growth rate of the crabs. The low level of stress, shown by the high value of total hemocyte and the low osmotic pressure, has made salinity of 25 ppt was the optimum condition for the mangrove crab rearing. Keywords: salinity, survival, specific growth rate, mangrove crab ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor abiotik yang memengaruhi pertumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup kepiting adalah salinitas. Salinitas media optimum akan memberikan efek yang maksimal pada kepiting bakau Scylla serrata sehubungan dengan proses osmoregulasi tubuhnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh salinitas pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau melalui reaksi kondisi fisiologis. Penelitian ini terdiri atas perlakuan salinitas media 15 ppt (A), 20 ppt (B), 25 ppt (C), dan 30 ppt (D). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan salinitas media pemeliharaan kepiting bakau memberikan perbedaan nyata (P<0,05) pada kelangsungan hidup dan laju pertumbuhan spesifik kepiting bakau. Rendahnya tingkat stres pada salinitas 25 ppt dijelaskan dengan tingginya jumlah total hemosit dan rendahnya tekanan osmotik sehingga salinitas 25 ppt merupakan kondisi optimum bagi pemeliharaan kepiting bakau. Keywords: salinitas, kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan spesifik, kepiting bakau
Sex Reversal of Red Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) by Larval Immersion using Aromatase Inhibitor
Authors: Sudrajat M. Agus , Astutik I.D. , Arfah H. 
Published: February 2017

<p>This study was performed to verify the effect of red Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis</em> sp.) larval immersion using aromatase inhibitor (1,3-Diaza-2,4-Cyclopentadience) on percentage of male fish. Nine-day-old of Nile tilapia larva was immersed in aromatase inhibitor at the dose of 0, 10, 20 and 30 mg/L water for 10 hours. Number of larva immersed was 100 fish per treatment. The results of study indicated that immersing of 9-day-old larva for 10 hours was ineffective in producing male fish. The highest male percentage was 59.5% at the dose of 20 mg/L, and statistically similar with other treatments including control. However, this treatment has possibility to produce hermaphrodite, and had no effect on survival of fish.</p> <p>Keywords: red Nile tilapia, <em>Oreochromis</em>, <em>Aromatase Inhibitor</em>, immersion</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efek perendaman ikan nila merah (<em>Oreochromis</em> sp.) menggunakan aromatase inhibitor (1,3-Diaza-2,4-Cyclopentadience) terhadap persentase ikan jantan. Larva ikan nila umur 9 hari direndam dengan aromatase inhibitor dengan dosis 0, 10, 20 dan 30 mg/L air selama 10 jam. Jumlah larva yang direndam sebanyak 100 ekor per perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perendaman pada fase larva umur 9 hari selama 10 jam terbukti kurang efektif untuk menghasilkan ikan jantan. Persentase jantan tertinggi hanya mencapai 59,5% dengan dosis 20 mg/L aromatase inhibitor dan tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya termasuk kontrol. Namun perlakuan tersebut berpeluang menghasilkan individu hermaprodit, dan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kelangsungan hidup ikan.</p> <p>Kata kunci: ikan nila merah, <em>Oreochromis</em>, <em>Aromatase Inhibitor</em>, perendaman</p>
Requirement of n-6 and n-3 Fatty Acid in Broodstock Diets on Reproductive Performance of Green catfish, Hemibagrus nemurus Blkr.
Authors: Utiah Adharto , Junior M. Zairin , Mokoginta I. , Affandi R. , Sumantadinata K. 
Published: February 2017

<p>This experiment was conducted to determine the optimum dietary level of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids on reproduction performance of green catfish. Four experimental diets with different level of n-6 and n-3 fatty acid (diet A: 0.77% n-6 fatty acid, 0.07% n-3 fatty acid; diet B: 1.56%,0.10 %; diet C: 1.74%, 0.13 % and diet D: 2%, 0.28%) were used in this experiment during seven month. Diets given twice every day in the morning and evening. The 28 broodstock used in this research with density every waring seven broodstock. Samples of eggs were analyzed for fatty acid composition. The diameter of eggs, fecundity, hatching rate of the eggs, survival rate and percentage of abnormal larvae were determined. Results showed that different dietary level of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids of the broodstock significantly affect the reproductive performance especially fecundity and hatching rate of eggs. The maximum fecundity, egg diameter, and hatching rate were produced broodstock fed on 1.56% n-6 fatty acid and 0.10 % n-3 fatty acid in diet by at the level of 12.29% lipid.</p> <p>Keywords : n-6 and n-3 fatty acids, reproduction performance, green catfish, <em>Hemibagrus nemurus</em>.</p> <p> </p> <p>Abstrak</p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan pada berbagai level asam lemak n-6 dan n-3 dalam pakan untuk melihat pengaruhnya terhadap penampilan reproduksi dari ikan baung. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama 7 bulan. Empat jenis pakan digunakan dalam percobaan ini dengan perbedaan kandungan asam lemak n-6 dan n-3 (pakan A: 0,77% asam lemak n-6, 0,56% asam lemak n-3; pakan B: 1,56%, 0,78%; pakan C: 1,74%, 1,00% and pakan D: 2,03%, 1,82%). Dalam penelitian ini 28 ekor induk digunakan dan ditebarkan kedalam waring dengan kepadatan 7 ekor tiap waring. Pakan diberikan pagi dan sore hari secara <em>at satiation</em>. Sampel telur dan larva dianalisa komposisi asam lemak. Penampilan reproduksi yang diamati adalah diameter telur, fekunditas, derajat penetasan telur, derajat kelangsungan hidup larva dan persentase larva abnormal. Hasil penilitian menunjukan bahwa perbedaan kandungan asam lemak n-6 dan n-3 dalam pakan berpengaruh pada komposisi asam lemak n-6 dan n-3 telur dan juga memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap penampilan reproduksinya khusus pada fekunditas dan derajat penetasan telur. Lama waktu matang yang dicapai oleh tiap induk relatif sama antar perlakuan. Fekunditas, diameter telur, derajat penetasan telur dan derajat kelangsungan hidup larva tertinggi diperoleh pada induk yang memperoleh pakan yang mengandung 1,56% asam lemak n-6 dan 0,78% asam lemak n-3.</p> <p>Kata kunci: Asam lemak n-6 and n-3, penampilan reproduksi, ikan baung, <em>Hemibagrus nemurus.</em></p>
Assessing the behavior of machine learning methods to predict the activity of antimicrobial peptides
Authors: Camacho Francy Liliana , Torres-Sáez Rodrigo , Ramos-Pollán Raúl 
Published: February 2017

This study demonstrates the importance of obtaining statistically stable results when using machine learning methods to predict the activity of antimicrobial peptides, due to the cost and complexity of the chemical processes involved in cases where datasets are particularly small (less than a few hundred instances). Like in other fields with similar problems, this results in large variability in the performance of predictive models, hindering any attempt to transfer them to lab practice. Rather than targeting good peak performance obtained from very particular experimental setups, as reported in related literature, we focused on characterizing the behavior of the machine learning methods, as a preliminary step to obtain reproducible results across experimental setups, and, ultimately, good performance. We propose a methodology that integrates feature learning (autoencoders) and selection methods (genetic algorithms) thorough the exhaustive use of performance metrics (permutation tests and bootstrapping), which provide stronger statistical evidence to support investment decisions with the lab resources at hand. We show evidence for the usefulness of 1) the extensive use of computational resources, and 2) adopting a wider range of metrics than those reported in the literature to assess method performance. This approach allowed us to guide our quest for finding suitable machine learning methods, and to obtain results comparable to those in the literature with strong statistical stability.
Pengembangan Kelembagaan Pembibitan Ternak Sapi Melalui Pola Integrasi Tanaman-Ternak
Authors: Setiani Cahyati , Prasetyo Teguh 
Published: February 2017

<p>Pengkajian mengenai Pengembangan Pembibitan Ternak Sapi dilakukan di Desa Karangjambe, Kecamatan Wanadadi, Kabupaten Banjarnegara dan Desa Kalipoh, Kecamatan Ayah, Kabupaten Kebumen tahun 2004. Tujuan pengkajian adalah untuk mendapatkan model pembibitan ternak sapi yang sesuai dengan kondisi sumberdaya alam, sumberdaya manusia dan budaya yang berkembang di masyarakat perdesaan. Metode pengkajian yang digunakan adalah survey baik melalui wawancara dengan responden dan <em>key informan</em> maupun observasi lapang. Responden adalah anggota kelompok tani Bumi Mulyo (Kabupaten Banjarnegara) dan Becik Asih (Kabupaten Kebumen). <em>Key informan</em> adalah pengurus kelompok tani, aparat desa, serta petugas yang terkait dengan pengembangan pembibitan ternak sapi. Pola pengembangan usaha pembibitan dilakukan melalui bantuan pinjaman langsung masyarakat (BPLM) dan integrasi tanaman-ternak. Sumberdaya alam di Desa Karangjambe didominasi tanah alluvial dan grumosol yang lahan pertanian utamanya berupa lahan sawah dengan pola tanam padi-padi-palawija, sedangkan di Desa Kalipoh didominasi tanah alluvial, lahan kering dengan pola tanam jagung-jagung+ketela pohon. Kelembagaan pembibitan sapi yang berkembang di kelompok tani Bumi Mulyo adalah: jangka waktu pelunasan 4 tahun, mengembalikan pinjaman pokok (ternak bibit+konsentrat) tanpa bunga. Apabila pedet yang dihasilkan betina, pada umur 15 sampai 18 bulan digulirkan kepada anggota lain, namun jika yang dihasilkan pedet jantan, hasil penjualan dibagi 50% : 50%, masing-masing untuk penggaduh dan kelompok, sedangkan di kelompok tani Becik Asih jangka waktu pelunasan 3 tahun, peternak berhak atas ternak pokok dan 70% hasil penjualan pedet yang dihasilkan, berkewajiban mengembalikan pinjaman pokok untuk pembelian ternak bibit dengan jumlah sesuai dengan akad kredit.</p><p> </p><p>Kata kunci: kelembagaan, pembibitan ternak sapi, integrasi tanaman-ternak</p>
Nilai Lokal Krik Salamat sebagai Asas dalam Pembangunan Hukum
Authors: Zuhri Lahmuddin 
Published: February 2017

Perpaduan nilai kearifan Lokal dan dan Pancasila sebagai acuan pembangunan hukum yang krakter, mengingat begitu besar dan maje­muknya negara Indonesia. Tiap-tiap daerah mempunyai budaya dan agama yang terefleksikan pada kebijakan pembangunan. Kebijakan pembangunan yang terbentuk dari aspirasi masyarakat (botton up) akan memberikan kenyamanan bagi masyarakat dalam menyelenggarakan kehidupan yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai moralitas berkeadilan. Pembangunan hukum merupakan alat untuk melakukan perubahan sosial, yang mengedepankan nilai lokal yang dilaksanakan secara demokrasi dengan mekanisme permusyawaratan dengan asas rasionalitas dan keadilan sosial, asas berkelanjutan, serta asas persamaan hak. Nilai Kerik Salamat masyarakat Sumbawa, memandang bahwa kekuasaan itu datang dari Tuhan yang harus dipertangungjawabkan secara transparan, kepada Tuhan dan manusia.Kata Kunci: Nilai Lokal, Asas hukum, Pembangunan Hukum
Baseflow recession characterization and groundwater storage trends in northern Taiwan
Authors: Lin Kun-Ta , Yeh Hsin-Fu 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Groundwater is a critical component of the terrestrial water budget and acts as a relatively stable water source in Taiwan. In the present study, river basins' characterization and groundwater storage trends in northern Taiwan are analyzed using the Brutsaert method. As groundwater storage sustains baseflows in a water system during dry periods, it can be assessed directly from the streamflow record. The characteristic drainage time scale value, K, varied between 34 and 84 days, with a mean value of 54 days and a standard deviation of 16 days. From correlation analysis, K is strongly correlated with the main channel slope. Based on annual values of groundwater storage over the period of record, five subbasins showed downward trends, ranging from −0.053 to −0.950 mm/year, and three subbasins exhibited upward trends, ranging from 0.111 to 0.141 mm/year. During the period of 2000–2014, the groundwater storage trends in northern Taiwan had an obvious spatial distribution. River basins with significant negative trends (mean value of −2.729 mm/year) are located in the northeast part of the study area. In contrast, the subbasins in the northwest part all showed positive trends (mean value of 0.944 mm/year) in groundwater storage.
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN DAN SHALAT TERHADAP TEKANAN DARAH PADA LANSIA
Authors: Awaluddin Awaluddin , Yuldeni Yuldeni 
Published: February 2017

<p><em>Hypertension is one of the problems are quite dominant in the world, both of develope countries and developing countries. Blood pressure naturally tends to increase with age. This study aimed to determine the relationship of knowledge and prayer toward blood pressure in hypertensive elderly at Balai Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha (BPSTW) Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru. The type of this research is quantitative with cross sectional approach. Total of the sample of this study were 40 hypertensive elderly and sampling techniques were using total sampling. Measuring instruments used are questionnaires and tensimeter. Data were analyzed with Kolmogorov smirnov test. The results that there were relationship between knowledge with p value= 0,029 and prayer with p value= 0,004 toward blood pressure on the hypertension elderly at Balai Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha (BPSTW) Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru. Based on these results, hypertension in the elderly is expected to Balai Pelayanan Sosial Tresna Werdha (BPSTW) Khusnul Khotimah Pekanbaru to be able to seek more information about hypertension and more devount on prayers</em>.</p>
Characterization of microsatellite markers in two exploited African trees, Entandrophragma candollei and E. utile (Meliaceae)
Authors: Monthe Franck S. , Duminil Jérôme , Tosso Félicien , Migliore Jérémy , Hardy Olivier J. 
Published: February 2017

Premise of the study:Multiplexes of nuclear microsatellite primers were developed to investigate population genetic structure and diversity in two exploited African rainforest trees: Entandrophragma candollei and E. utile (Meliaceae).Methods and Results:Microsatellite isolation was performed simultaneously on two nonenriched genomic libraries after next‐generation sequencing. We developed 16 and 22 polymorphic markers for E. candollei and E. utile in three and four multiplexes, respectively. The number of alleles ranged from two to 17 for E. candollei and from three to 19 for E. utile. Mean expected and observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.75 ± 0.13 and 0.55 ± 0.23 for E. candollei and between 0.73 ± 0.10 and 0.49 ± 0.2 for E. utile.Conclusions:These sets of nuclear microsatellite markers constitute useful tools for exploring gene flow patterns in these two Entandrophragma species.
MultiView High Precision VLBI Astrometry at Low Frequencies
Authors: Rioja María J. , Dodson Richard , Orosz Gabor , Imai Hiroshi , Frey Sandor 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The arrival of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) will revitalize all aspects of Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) astronomy at lower frequencies. In the last decade, there have been huge strides toward routinely achieving high precision VLBI astrometry at frequencies dominated by tropospheric contributions, most notably at 22 GHz, using advanced phase-referencing techniques. Nevertheless, to increase the capability for high precision astrometric measurements at low radio frequencies (<8 GHz), an effective calibration strategy of the systematic ionospheric propagation effects that is widely applicable is required. Observations at low frequencies are dominated by distinct direction-dependent ionospheric propagation errors, which place a very tight limit on the angular separation of a suitable phase-referencing calibrator. The MultiView technique holds the key to compensating for atmospheric spatial-structure errors, by using observations of multiple calibrators and two-dimensional interpolation in the visibility domain. In this paper we present the first demonstration of the power of MultiView using three calibrators, several degrees from the target, along with a comparative study of the astrometric accuracy between MultiView and phase-referencing techniques. MultiView calibration provides an order of magnitude improvement in astrometry with respect to conventional phase referencing, achieving ∼100 μas astrometry errors in a single epoch of observations, effectively reaching the thermal noise limit. MultiView will achieve its full potential with the enhanced sensitivity and multibeam capabilities of SKA and the pathfinders, which will enable simultaneous observations of the target and calibrators. Our demonstration indicates that the 10 μas goal of astrometry at ∼1.6 GHz using VLBI with SKA is feasible using the MultiView technique.
The Tip of the Red Giant Branch Distances to Typa Ia Supernova Host Galaxies. V. NGC 3021, NGC 3370, and NGC 1309 and the Value of the Hubble Constant
Authors: Jang In Sung , Lee Myung Gyoon 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We present final results of a program for the determination of the Hubble constant based on the calibration of the Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) using the Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB). We report TRGB distances to three SN Ia host galaxies, NGC 3021, NGC 3370, and NGC 1309. We obtain F555W and F814W photometry of resolved stars from the archival Hubble Space Telescope data. Luminosity functions of red giant stars in the outer regions of these galaxies show the TRGB to be at F814W ≈ QT = 28.2 ∼ 28.5 mag. From these TRGB magnitudes and the revised TRGB calibration based on two distance anchors (NGC 4258 and the LMC) in Jang & Lee (2017; Paper IV), we derive the distances:

(
m
−
M
)

0

=
32.178
±
0.033

for NGC 3021, 32.253 ± 0.041 for NGC 3370, and 32.471 ± 0.040 for NGC 1309. We update our previous results on the TRGB distances to five SN Ia host galaxies using the revised TRGB calibration. By combining the TRGB distance estimates to SN Ia host galaxies in this study with the SN Ia calibration provided by Riess et al. (2011), we obtain a value of the Hubble constant: H
0 = 71.66 ± 1.80(random) ± 1.88(systematic) km s−1 Mpc−1 (a 3.6% uncertainty including systematics) from all eight SNe, and H
0 = 73.72 ± 2.03 ± 1.94 km s−1 Mpc−1 (a 3.8% uncertainty) from six low-reddened SNe. We present our best estimate, H
0 = 71.17 ± 1.66 ± 1.87 km s−1 Mpc−1 (a 3.5% uncertainty) from six low-reddened SNe with the recent SN Ia calibration in Riess et al. (2016). This value is between those from the Cepheid calibrated SNe Ia and those from the Cosmic Microwave Background analysis, lowering the Hubble tension.
Detection of Prominent Stellar Disks in the Progenitors of Present-day Massive Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Davari Roozbeh H. , Ho Luis C. , Mobasher Bahram , Canalizo Gabriela 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Massive galaxies at high redshifts (z > 2) show different characteristics from their local counterparts: they are compact and most likely have a disk. In this study, we trace the evolution of local massive galaxies by performing a detailed morphological analysis, namely, fitting single Sérsic profiles and performing bulge+disk decompositions. We analyze ∼250 massive galaxies selected from all CANDELS fields (COSMOS, UDS, EGS, GOODS-South, and GOODS-North). We confirm that both star-forming and quiescent galaxies increase their sizes significantly from z ≈ 2.5 to the present day. The global Sérsic index of quiescent galaxies increases over time (from n ≈ 2.5 to n > 4), while that of star-forming galaxies remains roughly constant (n ≈ 2.5). By decomposing galaxy profiles into bulge+disk components, we find that massive galaxies at high redshift have prominent stellar disks, which are also evident from visual inspection of the images. By z ≈ 0.5, the majority of the disks disappear and massive quiescent galaxies begin to resemble the local elliptical galaxies. Star-forming galaxies have lower bulge-to-total ratios (B/T) than their quiescent counterparts in each redshift bin. The bulges of star-forming and quiescent galaxies follow different evolutionary histories, while their disks evolve similarly. Based on our morphological analysis and previous cosmological simulations, we argue that major mergers, along with minor mergers, have played a crucial role in the significant increase in size of high-z galaxies and the destruction of their massive and large-scale disks.
Precision Stellar Characterization of FGKM Stars using an Empirical Spectral Library
Authors: Yee Samuel W. , Petigura Erik A. , von Braun Kaspar 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Classification of stars, by comparing their optical spectra to a few dozen spectral standards, has been a workhorse of observational astronomy for more than a century. Here, we extend this technique by compiling a library of optical spectra of 404 touchstone stars observed with Keck/HIRES by the California Planet Search. The spectra have high resolution (R ≈ 60,000), high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ≈ 150/pixel), and are registered onto a common wavelength scale. The library stars have properties derived from interferometry, asteroseismology, LTE spectral synthesis, and spectrophotometry. To address a lack of well-characterized late-K dwarfs in the literature, we measure stellar radii and temperatures for 23 nearby K dwarfs, using modeling of the spectral energy distribution and Gaia parallaxes. This library represents a uniform data set spanning the spectral types ∼M5–F1 (T
eff ≈ 3000–7000 K, R
⋆ ≈ 0.1–16 R
⊙). We also present “Empirical SpecMatch” (SpecMatch-Emp), a tool for parameterizing unknown spectra by comparing them against our spectral library. For FGKM stars, SpecMatch-Emp achieves accuracies of 100 K in effective temperature (T
eff), 15% in stellar radius (R
⋆), and 0.09 dex in metallicity ([Fe/H]). Because the code relies on empirical spectra it performs particularly well for stars ∼K4 and later, which are challenging to model with existing spectral synthesizers, reaching accuracies of 70 K in T
eff, 10% in R
⋆, and 0.12 dex in [Fe/H]. We also validate the performance of SpecMatch-Emp, finding it to be robust at lower spectral resolution and S/N, enabling the characterization of faint late-type stars. Both the library and stellar characterization code are publicly available.