bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization and subtraction of luminescence background signals in high‐wavenumber Raman spectra of human tissue
Authors: Barroso E.M. , Bakker Schut T.C. , Caspers P.J. , Santos I.P. , Wolvius E.B. , Koljenović S. , Puppels G.J. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractRaman spectroscopy in the high‐wavenumber spectral region (HWR) is particularly suited for fiber‐optic in vivo medical applications. The most‐used fiber‐optic materials have negligible Raman signal in the HWR. This enables the use of simple and cheap single‐fiber‐optic probes that can be fitted in endoscopes and needles. The HWR generally shows less tissue luminescence than the fingerprint region. However, the luminescence can still be stronger than the Raman signal. Hardware‐ and software‐based strategies have been developed to correct for these luminescence signals. Typically, hardware‐based strategies are more complex and expensive than software‐based solutions. Effective software strategies have almost exclusively been developed for the fingerprint region. First‐order polynomial baseline fitting (PBF) is the most common background/luminescence estimation employed for the HWR. The goal of this study was to characterize the luminescence background signals of HW spectra of human oral tissue and compare the performance of two algorithms for correction of these background signals: PBF and multiple regression fitting (MRF). In the MRF method, we introduce here, prior knowledge of the range of Raman signals that can be obtained from the tissues of interest is explicitly used. MRF is more robust than PBF because it does not require an a priori choice of the polynomial order for fitting the background signal. This is important because, as we show, no single polynomial order can optimally characterize all backgrounds that are encountered in HW tissue spectra. We conclude that MRF should be the preferred method for background subtraction in the HWR.
FTIR spectroscopy for prediction of quality parameters and antimicrobial activity of commercial vinegars with chemometrics
Authors: Kadiroğlu Pınar 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this study was to discriminate between commercial apple, rice, balsamic, red‐wine, rose, white‐wine, grape, and pomegranate vinegars according to their antimicrobial activities, total phenolic contents (TPC), antioxidant activities, and color parameters, and to predict the quality characteristics of vinegars using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.RESULTSResults showed that the highest TPC (3971.43 ± 25.00) was found in balsamic vinegar whereas the lowest TPC was observed in rice vinegar (14.36 ± 0.16). Antioxidant activities of vinegars were correlated with TPC. Grape‐based vinegars exhibited higher antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), Escherichia coli (E.coli) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P.aeruginosa). However, there were no statistically significant differences among vinegars in terms of antimicrobial activities. According to principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), vinegars were classified into three groups and each group consisted of vinegars from different raw materials. Prediction models were constructed successfully using partial least squares (PLS) considering whole FTIR spectral data.CONCLUSIONThe results indicated that FTIR could be used as a rapid method to estimate the antimicrobial activities, TPC, color and antioxidant activities of vinegars. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Measurement of kinaesthetic properties of in‐brine table olives by microstructure of fracture surface, sensory evaluation and texture profile analysis (TPA)
Authors: Lanza Barbara , Amoruso Filomena 
Published: February 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDA series of transformations occur in olive fruit both during ripening and processing. In particular, significant changes in the microstructural composition affect the flavour, texture, nutrients and overall quality of the end product. Texture is one of the sensory quality attributes of greatest importance to consumer acceptance. In the present work, kinaesthetic properties of in‐brine table olives of three cultivars of Olea europaea L. (Bella di Cerignola, Peranzana and Taggiasca cvs) were provided by several measurements of olive tissue texture by sensory, rheological and microstructural approaches.RESULTSOlives at the same stage of ripening and processed with the same technology, but belonging to different cultivars, showed significant differences at microstructural, sensorial and rheological levels. To describe the relationship between the three variables, multiple regression analysis and principal component analysis were chosen.CONCLUSIONDifferences in microstructure were closely related both in terms of hardness measured by texture profile analysis and hardness measured by sensory analysis. The information provided could be an aid for screening and training of a sensory panel. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Microgradient separation technique for purification and fractionation of permethylated N‐glycans before mass spectrometric analyses
Authors: Rehulka Pavel , Zahradnikova Martina , Rehulkova Helena , Dvorakova Petra , Nenutil Rudolf , Valik Dalibor , Vojtesek Borivoj , Hernychova Lenka , Novotny Milos V. 
Published: February 2018

AbstractAnalysis of N‐glycans released enzymatically from patients’ sera or other clinical samples may provide diagnostically and prognostically important information on human disease. Permethylation of these biomolecules simultaneously increases their hydrophobicity and substantially improves their detection parameters in the following mass spectrometric analyses. The overall procedure, from the glycan cleavage to the final mass spectrometric determinations, includes several steps involving extraction, derivatization, and purification. During these steps, certain polymeric contaminants that may have been coincidentally introduced could hamper the final measurements. To understand and counter these interferences and further fractionate or preconcentrate these glycans, we introduce here an effective microgradient chromatographic technique that employs a small reversed‐phase microcolumn connected to a gas‐tight microsyringe delivering a mobile‐phase gradient. After loading the glycan fraction onto the microcolumn, three elution steps are recommended: (1) remove polar contaminants; (2) recover permethylated glycans for either liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry or matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry; and (3) remove larger polymeric contaminants and regenerate the precolumn. We further demonstrate that the trapped second fraction can be beneficially preconcentrated and further separated to achieve matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometric detection of the derivatized N‐glycans up to 6300 Da. The enhanced detection capabilities for tetra‐antennary N‐glycans are of increasing interest in disease biomarker discovery.
Epidemiology and prognostic indicators in laryngeal lymphoma: A population‐based analysis
Authors: Hong Scott A. , Tajudeen Bobby A. , Choi Sunah , Husain Inna A. 
Published: February 2018

Objectives/HypothesisTo characterize the epidemiology of primary laryngeal lymphoma and to determine the prognostic factors affecting survival in patients with this disease.Study DesignA retrospective cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database, including cases from 1973 to 2014.MethodsA population‐based analysis was conducted with patients from more than 15 different geographic regions across the United States. Patients were chosen based on a diagnosis of lymphoma and a primary lymphoma site within the larynx. Two hundred cases were eligible based on the inclusion criteria, and characteristic as well as clinical variables were then extracted from the database and analyzed. Characteristic and clinical variables included age, race, sex, primary site of lymphoma involvement, general histology, specific histologic subtype, tumor grade, and Ann Arbor staging. Exposure variables that were analyzed included radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Overall survival (OS) and disease‐specific survival (DSS) were the main outcomes calculated using multivariate analysis.ResultsA total of 200 cases of laryngeal lymphoma were identified. The mean age at diagnosis was 64.2 years. The cohort was composed of 53% males. B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) accounted for 74% of cases, whereas natural killer/T‐cell NHL accounted for 10% of cases. A total of 53.1% of patients received radiation therapy, whereas 47.5% received chemotherapy. The median OS was 9.15 years and median DSS was 24.5 years. OS at 2, 5, and 10 years was 74%, 63%, and 44%, respectively. On multivariate analysis, older age, male sex, and advanced Ann Arbor staging were associated with worse OS, whereas only male sex and advanced Ann Arbor staging were associated with worse DSS (all P values < .05). Radiation and chemotherapy were not associated with improved survival.ConclusionsFemale sex and lower Ann Arbor staging are independent positive prognostic indicators for survival, whereas other clinical variables such as grade and histology do not have an effect on survival. Radiation and chemotherapy do not appear to confer a mortality benefit in patients with primary laryngeal lymphoma, which may have implications on clinical decision making as well as patient education about disease prognosis.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:2044–2049, 2018
Role of narrow‐band imaging in detection of head and neck unknown primary squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Filauro Marta , Paderno Alberto , Perotti Pietro , Marchi Filippo , Garofolo Sabrina , Peretti Giorgio , Piazza Cesare 
Published: February 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThere is no general consensus on what kind of examination to include in an optimal detection strategy for head and neck squamous cell carcinomas of unknown primary (SCCUPs). This study investigates the role of narrow‐band imaging (NBI) in their identification.Study DesignCase series.MethodsTwenty‐nine consecutive patients affected by SCCUPs were referred at two academic institutions. Selection criteria were: 1) lymph node cytology positive for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); 2) no evidence of any primary at white light (WL); 3) negative contrast‐enhanced computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging, and positron emission tomography‐CT; and 4) no contraindication to general anesthesia. Each patient underwent office‐based NBI panendoscopy. If a suspicious area was identified, a biopsy was performed for histological confirmation. When no suspicious area was detected in the office, patients underwent WL and NBI under general anesthesia. If this examination was still negative, bilateral tonsillectomy and base of the tongue (BOT) mucosectomy were performed.ResultsOffice‐based NBI identified 10 SCCs (34.5%), one in the nasopharynx, three in the tonsil, four in the BOT, and two in the supraglottis. In only one (3.5%) NBI‐negative patient was a primary found in the BOT. In one (3.5%) we found an NBI suspicious area during panendoscopy under general anesthesia, but histology did not confirm this finding after BOT mucosectomy. Seventeen (58.6%) patients remained as having true SCCUPs. NBI sensitivity, specificity, positive, negative predictive values, and accuracy were 91%, 95%, 91%, 95%, and 90%, respectively.ConclusionsIn the present study, office‐based NBI increased the detection rate of head and neck SCCUPs by 34.5% and should be strongly recommended as an adjunctive tool in their diagnostic workup.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:2060–2066, 2018
Diagnosis of small vestibular schwannomas using constructive interference steady state sequence
Authors: Liudahl Adam A. , Davis Andrew B. , Liudahl Danielle S. , Maley Joan , Policeni Bruno , Hansen Marlan R. 
Published: February 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThe objectives of this study were to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of constructive interference steady state (CISS) sequencing compared to gadolinium‐enhanced T1 (GdT1) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to screen for small vestibular schwannomas (VSs), and to assess the overall diagnostic confidence of neuroradiologists in their ability to accurately diagnose or rule out VSs using CISS imaging compared to a GdT1 MRIStudy DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsChart review from 2011 to 2015 was performed for VS/benign cerebellopontine angle tumors. Two blinded, board‐certified neuroradiologists each independently reviewed the axial CISS sequence and answered a set of questions that determined their confidence in diagnosis of VS. Next, each neuroradiologist independently reviewed the corresponding GdT1 MRI sequence and completed the same questionnaire.ResultsThe majority of the lesions were in the lateral internal auditory canal, with eight intralabyrinthine tumors. The overall sensitivity of CISS for both readers was 93.5%. All tumor locations had high sensitivities except for the intralabyrinthine location (62.3%). Four of the eight total intralabyrinthine lesions were missed by at least one reader. Each reader was highly confident in diagnosing VSs with CISS, which approximated that of GdT1 MRI.ConclusionsThis study's results showed that CISS examinations for screening of small VS approximated that of GdT1. Neuroradiologists had high sensitivity, perfect specificity, and felt confident in ruling out a VS on CISS sequence while feeling extremely confident in diagnosing one on CISS. Intralabyrinthine lesions and lesions ≤3.0 mm are most at risk for not being detected on CISS examinations.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 128:2128–2132, 2018
A prospective, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of inferior turbinate surgery
Authors: Harju Teemu , Numminen Jura , Kivekäs Ilkka , Rautiainen Markus 
Published: February 2018

Objectives/HypothesisThe purpose of this study was to compare radiofrequency ablation, diode laser, and microdebrider‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty techniques in the treatment of chronic nasal obstruction caused by inferior turbinate enlargement, and to compare these techniques with a placebo procedure.Study DesignProspective, randomized, single‐blinded, placebo‐controlled study.MethodsA total of 98 consecutive patients with enlarged inferior turbinates due to persistent year‐round rhinitis were randomized into a placebo, radiofrequency ablation, diode laser, and microdebrider‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty groups in a ratio of 1:2:2:2. All the procedures were carried out under local anesthesia with the patients' eyes covered. Assessments were conducted prior to surgery and 3 months subsequent to the surgery.ResultsThe severity of nasal obstruction measured by visual analog scale score decreased statistically significantly in all the groups, including placebo. Radiofrequency ablation (P = .03), diode laser (P = .02), and microdebrider‐assisted inferior turbinoplasty (P = .04) all decreased the symptom score of the severity of nasal obstruction statistically significantly more compared to the placebo procedure.ConclusionsThe placebo effect had a large role in the overall improvement of the severity of nasal obstruction after the inferior turbinate surgery. However, all three techniques provided a statistically significant additional reduction of the severity of nasal obstruction compared to the placebo procedure.Level of Evidence1b. Laryngoscope, 128:1997–2003, 2018
Technical Note: On the size of susceptibility‐induced MR image distortions in prostate and cervix in the context of MR‐guided radiation therapy
Authors: Emmerich Julian , Laun Frederik B. , Pfaffenberger Asja , Schilling Rebecca , Denoix Michael , Maier Florian , Sterzing Florian , Bostel Tilman , Straub Sina 
Published: February 2018

PurposeTo investigate the extent of MR image distortions in the pelvis caused by susceptibility‐induced field inhomogeneities in MR images in the context of a study on MR‐guided radiotherapy.MethodsUsing a high‐bandwidth double‐echo gradient echo sequence, field maps and distortion maps of the pelvis were calculated and evaluated for 219 exams (92 of female and 127 of male patients) to investigate patient‐related image distortions caused by susceptibility differences in an ongoing study on MR‐guided radiotherapy. The evaluation of distortions in the regions “rectum”, “prostate”, “cervix”, and in a reference region in the gluteus maximus was based on masks drawn by two readers.ResultsDistortions in the prostate and cervix were smaller than 0.03 px (0.1 mm) for 99% of voxels, and reached a maximum value of 0.09 px (0.3 mm). In the reference region, maximum distortions were smaller than in the prostate and cervix.ConclusionsUsing a geometric uncertainty of 0.2 px (0.6 mm) in margin definition for organs that are close to the rectum like the prostate and the cervix would be a cautious choice to account for susceptibility‐induced distortions that can arise during MR‐based treatment guidance for the imaging setting used in this study. Since distortions are inversely proportional to the readout bandwidth of the sequence, safety margins need to be adapted adequately. Additional sources of image distortions like gradient nonlinearities are not included in our margin recommendations and should be considered separately.
Development of a portable quality control application using a tablet‐type electronic device
Authors: Ono Tomohiro , Miyabe Yuki , Akimoto Mami , Mukumoto Nobutaka , Ishihara Yoshitomo , Nakamura Mitsuhiro , Mizowaki Takashi 
Published: February 2018

PurposeOur aim was to develop a portable quality control (QC) application using a thermometer, a barometer, an angle gauge, and a range finder implemented in a tablet‐type consumer electronic device (CED) and to assess the accuracies of the measurements made.MethodsThe QC application was programmed using Java and OpenCV libraries. First, temperature and atmospheric pressure were measured over 30 days using the temperature and pressure sensors of the CED and compared with those measured by a double‐tube thermometer and a digital barometer. Second, the angle gauge was developed using the accelerometer of the CED. The roll and pitch angles of the CED were measured from 0 to 90° at intervals of 10° in the clockwise (CW) and counterclockwise (CCW) directions. The values were compared with those measured by a digital angle gauge. Third, a range finder was developed using the tablet's built‐in camera and image‐processing capacities. Surrogate markers were detected by the camera and their positions converted to actual positions using a homographic transformation method. Fiducial markers were placed on a treatment couch and moved 100 mm in 10‐mm steps in both the lateral and longitudinal directions. The values were compared with those measured by the digital output of the treatment couch. The differences between CED values and those of other devices were compared by calculating means ± standard deviations (SDs).ResultsThe means ± SDs of differences in temperature and atmospheric pressure were −0.07 ± 0.25°C and 0.05 ± 0.10 hPa, respectively. The means ± SDs of the difference in angle was −0.17 ± 0.87° (0.15 ± 0.23° degrees excluding the 90° angle). The means ± SDs of distances were 0.01 ± 0.07 mm in both the lateral and longitudinal directions.ConclusionsOur portable QC application was accurate and may be used instead of standard measuring devices. Our portable CED is efficient and simple when used in the field of medical physics.
Spatiotemporal regularization for digital image correlation: Application to infrared camera frames
Authors: Charbal A. , Roux S. , Hild F. , Vincent L. 
Published: February 2018

SummaryThe spatiotemporal response of a stainless steel plate undergoing cyclic laser shock is recorded with an infrared camera, and digital image correlation is used to analyze both displacement and temperature fields. Two very challenging difficulties are addressed: (i) large gray‐level variations (due to temperature changes) and (ii) convection effects affecting images. To this aim, a spatiotemporal regularization is designed exploiting a numerical model of the test. The thermomechanical space‐time predictions are first processed through Karhunen‐Loève decomposition to extract dominant temporal and spatial modes. The temporal modes are then inserted in a spatiotemporal digital image correlation framework to estimate the experimental spatial modes that account for both gray‐level variations (and hence temperature) and displacement fields. It is shown that with only 3 modes, the full thermomechanical response of the material is captured. The temporal regularization issued from the model also allows the spurious effect of convection to be filtered out. Due to the drastic decrease in the number of degrees of freedom because of data reduction, the number of analyzed frames can be reduced from 50 down to 6 to capture the thermomechanical response, thereby leading to enhanced efficiency.
Influence of Age on Warfarin Dose, Anticoagulation Control, and Risk of Hemorrhage
Authors: Shendre Aditi , Parmar Gaurav M. , Dillon Chrisly , Beasley Timothy Mark , Limdi Nita A. 
Published: February 2018

ObjectiveWe assessed the influence of age on warfarin dose, percentage time in target range (PTTR), and risk of major hemorrhage.DesignWarfarin users recruited into a large prospective inception cohort study were categorized into three age groups: young (younger than 50 yrs), middle aged (50–70 yrs), and elderly (older than 70 yrs). The influence of age on warfarin dose and PTTR was assessed using regression analysis; risk of major hemorrhage was assessed using proportional hazards analysis. Models were adjusted for demographic, clinical, and genetic factors.SettingTwo outpatient anticoagulation clinics.ParticipantsA total of 1498 anticoagulated patients.OutcomesWarfarin dose (mg/day), PTTR, major hemorrhage.ResultsOf the 1498 patients, 22.8% were young, 44.1% were middle aged, and 33.1% were elderly. After accounting for clinical and genetic factors, compared with young warfarin users, warfarin dose requirements were 10.6% lower among the middle aged and an additional 10.6% lower for the elderly. Compared with young patients, middle‐aged and elderly patients spent more time in target international normalized ratio (INR) range (p<0.0001), despite having fewer INR assessments (p<0.0001). Compared with young warfarin users, absolute risk of hemorrhage was marginally higher among the middle aged (p=0.08) and significantly higher among the elderly (p=0.016). Compared with young warfarin users, after adjustment, the relative risk of hemorrhage increased by 31% for each age category (p=0.026).ConclusionsIn a real‐world setting, despite achieving better anticoagulation control, elderly patients had a higher risk of major hemorrhagic events. As the population ages and the candidacy for oral anticoagulation increases, strategies that mitigate the elevated risk of hemorrhage need to be identified.