bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Art Group Psychotherapy with Photograph in Chronic Psychiatric Disorders: A Pilot Study
Authors: Celik Aypak O. , Eren N. , Cıkrıkcılı U. , Buyukgok D. , Ucar Isaret S. 
Published: June 2017

Photograph was used as a therapeutic tool for the first time in 1856 by Dr. Hugh Diamond. Photos are considered to be representations of a person's reality. The possibility of producing visual images when a client has verbal expression difficulties, photography provides a more structured way of expressing ideas and emotions and to be a means of projective-symbolic communication. Photo therapy with chronic psychotic patients may contribute to development of perception of reality, part-whole relationship, integration, distinction of external-internal world, symbolization capacity and improve ego functions The aim of this study was to determine the effect of phototherapy on symptomatology, functionality, emotional regulation, cognitive skills and coping skills in patients with chronic psychiatric disorders. In accordance with this aim, the study was carried out with 14 outpatients diagnosed as chronic schizophrenic or psychotic disorder. Seven patients received routine medical care plus 28-week psychotherapy with photograph and 7 patients received only routine medical care. Patients were assessed in pre and post-treatment with Beck Depression Inventory, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Global Assessment of Functioning, Ways of Coping Inventory and Neuropsychological Test Battery. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test used for statistical analysis. The therapy method resulted in statistically significant reductions in the level of depression and general symptom levels and statistically significant improvement in cognitive abilities and functionality (P < .05). There was also statistically significant improvement in positive reappraisal subscale of coping ways. These findings may indicate that photo-oriented art group therapy might show positive effects on the course of chronic psychotic disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical Usefulness of Confrontations in the Initial Interview
Authors: Barac-Otasevic Z. 
Published: June 2017

Principal objective of this work is to illustrate the clinical usefulness of confrontations in the initial interview. Balint, Kernberg, Sullivan, Fromm-Reichmann are the authors, among many of them, who pointed out importance of the initial interview and the consequences of the interview for the future psychotherapeutic work. Initial interview represents two persons; therapist and person who needs help who meet for the first time and do not know anything about each other. Interaction between therapist and the patient through communication is a major source of information about potential patient in the initial interview. The nature of disorder, capacity of motivation for psychotherapy can be evaluated in the current interaction with the person who needs help. Confrontation is a routine technique in psychoanalysis and psychotherapy, unilateral and potentially dangerous, especially when working alliance is not established and that is the case in the initial interview. Purpose of confrontation in the initial interview is to collect information about patient, his psychopathology, his structural personality features, presence of defensive operations, capacity and motivations to work and what kind of psychotherapy is best suited for him. Confrontation can be very harmful so it requires tact, patience and timing. Incorrect use of confrontations which are poorly conceptualized, premature could stop the flow of the material, make sense of chaos in the interview, increasing anxiety and risk the possibility of leaving interview.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Countertransference in Psychotherapy of Paranoid Patients
Authors: Manojlovic S. , Nikolic-Popovic J. 
Published: June 2017

The complexity of psychotherapy is based on the very nature of the paranoid process. The therapist must not only have a good understanding of the paranoid process, but also needs to be especially careful regarding the transference-countertransference emotions. Long-standing experience in psychotherapeutic work with paranoid patients, in the individual and group setting, has enabled us to systematize countertransference reactions. Dominant projective mechanisms require a high ability to contain emotions from the therapists. The most prominent is aggression, in regard to which the countertransference feelings appear, ranging from aggression to exposedness, impotence, and victimization. The therapist must constantly separate feelings which represent his “blind spot” from those which he perceives as a patient's part in therapist himself. The latter countertransference enables the therapist to experience the internal object of the patient by the mechanism of projective identification. Beside the aggression, the feelings from the narcissistic spectrum related to topics of value, competence, rivalling, idealization, and devaluation represent a significant countertransference problem. The countertransference feelings in group psychotherapy are of lower intensity, and rarely focused on the therapist himself. In the group, there is also the possibility of significant intensification of the projection of aggression, when the whole group is focusing the projections onto the therapist. In the group milieu, commonly emphasized countertransference feelings are related to the position in the group, competence, autonomy, and dependence. The understandings and way of coping with countertransference emotions determine the potential for creating the safe emotional ground in psychotherapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
System of Integrative Psychotherapy of Somatoform and Psyhosomatic Disorders Patients
Authors: Mykhaylov B. , Kudinova O. 
Published: June 2017

The main goal of the investigation was the integrative psychotherapy system established. On the basis of the examined 350 patients with somatoform disorders and 250 patients with chronic psychosomatic diseases, we have elaborated a test that allows to evaluate quantitatively the influence of the disease on patients’ social functions. We created the integrative psychotherapy system with cognitive-oriented, suggestive and autosuggestive implementations. Elucidation of peculiarity of personal perception of the disease served as basis of elaboration of purposeful system of psychotherapy, consulting, and psychological support for psychosomatic patients with high-effectiveness 1.5–3 years catamnesis in 85% patients. Psychotherapy should be used first of all as a target-oriented. Our experience showed the necessity of the use the integrative models of psychotherapy, parted on stages. On the first stage, the receptions of cognitive and suggestive psychotherapy are used. There is group therapy on second stage. On the third stage elements of the autogenic training mastered. The system examination high efficacy was shown.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy as Augmentation Treatment for Paediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS): A Case Report
Authors: Pozza A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPaediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections (PANDAS) are a subgroup of conditions including obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), tic disorders, pre-pubertal and sudden onset, temporal association between streptococcal infections and associated neurological abnormalities. Some strategies were developed, including the use of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent streptococcal-triggered exacerbations, and immunomodulatory interventions for the management of acute symptoms. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), which has been demonstrated to be the first-line treatment for OCD, can be a valid adjuvant during the difficult course of PANDAS to target acute symptoms and prevent exacerbations.ObjectivesThe study presented a case of a patient with PANDAS treated with antibiotic medication and CBT as augmentation.MethodsThe 11-year-old patient (Y-BOCS pre-test score = 32), had been hospitalized for three weeks for acute onset of PANDAS. The clinical picture consisted of asthenia, contamination fears and washing compulsions, separation anxiety, severe depression and anxiety. Pharmacotherapy involved risperidone 2 mg/die and sertraline 250 mg/die for five months combined with antibiotic prophylaxis for two years. The CBT intervention started at discharge from hospital and included psycho-education on anxiety, intensive exposure and response prevention (2 hour sessions three times a week) for twelve months, cognitive restructuring, diffusion and mindfulness for the subsequent twelve months.ResultsAnxiety and OCD symptoms substantially improved. The patient gradually started school again. Post-test score was 11 on the Y-BOCS.ConclusionsAlong with psychiatric and antibiotic medications, CBT may be a valid augmentation strategy for PANDAS to reduce risk of exacerbations and enhance symptom improvement. Limitations are discussed.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
First Episode Psychosis Service (EPS): Evaluation of Implementation in a Rural Australian Setting
Authors: Roy D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRecent decades, has seen an increasing focus on developing specific early or first episode psychosis services, in various parts of the world. There has been a growing awareness of the emotional impact of psychosis like trauma at onset, suicide and loss of social network. There is also a co relational link between the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) and outcomes. The first 2–3 years following first episode onset have been argued to be a critical period for treatment.MethodOur study was an evaluation of an early psychosis service (EPS) in a rural Australian MHS ‘experiencing’ or ‘at risk’ of experiencing first episode psychosis. The guidelines were based on the Australian clinical guidelines for early psychosis (1998). The audit tool used was a checklist based on 10 treatment guidelines developed by the EPS special interest group evaluation sub-committee.ResultsThe overall results show that 7 out of the 10 treatment guidelines were well adhered throughout the implementation process. Guidelines strongly adhered to were numbers 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 10, whereas guidelines 1, 4, and 9 were poorly adhered to.DiscussionThe implementation process was found to be generally effective. The factors that influenced the effectiveness will be discussed in the poster.ConclusionThere were a number of trends when we looked at the overall results which included aspects of the guidelines that were done well and aspects that needed improvement which will be further discussed in the poster.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Applicability and Feasibility of the Italian Version of the Cognitive Remediation Program Circuits: A Pilot Study
Authors: Chieffi M. , Palumbo D. , De Simone S. , Rocco M. , Molle O.D. , Nicita A. , Mucci A. , Galderisi S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionCognitive deficits are considered central and persistent features of schizophrenia and have a significant impact on outcome and quality of life. The computerized interactive remediation of cognition (CIRCuiTS) is a new computerized cognitive remediation program aimed at improving different cognitive domains in patients with schizophrenia. In particular, the program was designed to mainly rehabilitate executive functions, attention and memory by training each cognitive function through several exercises and by improving metacognition.ObjectivesIn the present study, CIRCuiTS was translated and adapted into Italian. The applicability and feasibility of the Italian version was evaluated. Moreover, preliminary data on the effectiveness of the program were investigated.MethodsFour patients with a diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited for the study. We investigated the changes in neurocognition, psychopathology, self-esteem and functional outcome at the end of the remediation program. The level of satisfaction of operators and participants was evaluated by means of the client satisfaction questionnaire (CSQ).For each patient, the entire program took place through 2 weekly sessions of 50 minutes for a total duration of 40 sessions.ResultsCIRCuiTS produced an improvement in all domains of neurocognition, disorganization, self-esteem and real-life functioning in the areas “self-care” and “interpersonal relationships”. Moreover, high levels of satisfaction were shown by CSQ for both, operators and participants.ConclusionThe Italian version of CIRCuiTS demonstrates high levels of acceptability and feasibility for both, patients and clinicians. Additionally, preliminary data suggest that the use of CIRCuiTS provides an improvement on several aspects of the disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Specifics of Psychological Consulting of Patients After TBI According to the Structure of Neuropsychological Deficit
Authors: Kovyazina M. , Dobrushina O. , Aziatskaya G. , Zarudnaya E. , Spiridonov D. , Varako N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPresent article introduces the case of a patient who had traumatic brain injury (TBI) in 2010. During examination V. demonstrated mild sensory aphasia, frontal lobes deficit, memory disorder, limiting beliefs, lack of adequate coping strategies, emotional reactions and disability to describe his feelings and body awareness.Objectives and aimNeuropsychological, correction and psychological counseling performance, considering neuropsychological deficit profile.Methodscounseling was carried out over six weeks in the form of 2 hour sessions once a week. Speech perception impairment was taken into consideration. The process was started with frontal lobe deficit correction. Goal management training was used in conjunction with external control of distractions. Training in structured organization of information has highly improved memorization. Techniques of CBT were used to work with cognitive distortions, dysfunctional beliefs, and self-restricting behavior. Body-oriented therapy was offered to cope with stress factors and vegetative reactions.ResultsV. compensated memory disorder using external sources and motivation. Some adaptive strategies of interaction with people and the outer world were formed. He improved time management skills and learned to follow the priority of current task without distractions. Moreover, he actively started to use body-oriented techniques to regulate his emotional condition. A considerable progress was achieved in understanding his limits and difficulties in everyday life.ConclusionImplementation of psychological consulting according to neuropsychological deficit profile may be effective in interdisciplinary holistic rehabilitation of patients after TBI.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Building A Psychosocial Rehabilitation Unit: The Experience of Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga
Authors: Pais V. , Pinto O. , Figueiredo J. , Larez E. , Lopes F. , Pereira M. , Fernandez M. , Mariano S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn Portugal, the National Mental Health Plan sought to reform the mental health care system, decentralizing mental health care by promoting community based services. Guidelines point to treatment of Psychotic Disorders with collaborative, person directed and individualized approaches.ObjectiveThe authors propose to describe the development of a new psychosocial rehabilitation unit in a recently created psychiatric department.MethodsThe CHEDV's psychiatry department (2009) serves a population of around 340,000. The Psychosocial Rehabilitation Unit (2015) aims to ensure a multidisciplinary and integrated response to users with major psychiatric disorders. The Psychosocial Rehabilitation Unit structures 4 axes of response: detection and initial approach of the disease, intervention in crisis, psychosocial rehabilitation and management of difficult patients.ResultsCHEDV's psychosocial rehabilitation unit is responsible for the care of about 25 patients daily. Treatment activities range from specialized consultations, home visits, medication management and crisis telephone to social skills training, psycho-education, neurocognitive rehabilitation, occupational workshops and social intervention/orientation. The unit bases its work on constant communication within the team but also with all other carers of the patient (in or out of hospital).ConclusionsBringing to the population a set of previously unavailable responses is the most blatant success of this unit that is helping people getting a better and closer care. To improve our work we aim at integrating the quantitative and qualitative psychometric evaluation of the patients. The lack of resources, necessity of further training, insufficient funding, and low political priority remain as the main barriers to community based mental health care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Outcomes Assessment: Reliable Change Index (RCI) in Assessing Health Outcomes in Clinical Practice
Authors: Iraurgi I. , Penas P. , Gorbeña S. , Montero M. , Trujols J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe assessment of therapeutic outcomes and the evaluation of treatment efficiency and effectiveness is an area of interest for clinicians and researchers. Scientific evidence demands randomized controlled trials and inter-groups comparisons with a minimum number of participants in each treatment modality, a requirement rarely feasible in clinical practice where the assessment of treatment outcomes, with regards to therapeutic goals, is crucial both in terms of statistical significance and clinical relevance.ObjectiveThe aim of this poster is to present an alternative methodology which permits to evaluate the individual's change.MethodThe reliable change index methodology allows for the estimation of statistical significance (statistically reliable change) and clinical relevance (calculation of cutoff points and its interpretation criteria). Two examples are presented: a group of patients with asthma in treatment and a female with major depression who underwent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).Results/discussionBoth cases were analyzed using standardized statistical analyses and the RCI method in order to estimate clinical change. The results illustrated the adequacy of both procedures for decision making in terms of effectiveness. However the RCI offered greater specificity with regards to individual changes. More specifically, RCI provided a more concrete estimation of the proportion of cases of asthma that showed change after the intervention, and also, indicated if such change were not only statistically significant, but also clinically relevant. Besides, when a single case was assessed (ex: ECT case) this methodology proved useful to estimate the efficacy of a continuation and maintenance program.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Different Subjective Criteria for Quality of life Appraisal in youth with Non-Psychotic Depression, Recovering After First Psychotic Episode and Healthy Controls
Authors: Rasskazova E. , Enikolopov S. , Guldan V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough a plenty of instruments for quality of life in mental illnesses was developed, both general and specific instruments could be biased if the process of well-being appraisal is different in different illnesses.ObjectivesWe consider personal appraisal of quality of life as a result of the decision making process, which could have different subjective criteria in mental illnesses.AimsThe aim was to compare the contribution of the quality of life domains to the appraisals of general life satisfaction in mental illnesses.MethodsThree groups of males 17–28 years old (74 with non-psychotic depression, 90 developing recovery after the first psychotic episode and 185 healthy controls) filled quality of life and enjoyment questionnaire (version for mental illnesses) and Happiness Scale.ResultsModeration analysis reveals that in non-psychotic depression health, emotional sphere and functioning during the day are more important predictors of general well-being than in the two other groups. Patients developing recovery after psychotic episode are less oriented to the emotional and social domains and financial well-being when appraising their life satisfaction than other participants.ConclusionsResults demonstrate the importance of identifying and working with subjective criteria and process of appraisal of general well-being in patients with mental illnesses. Direct comparisons of quality of life in different clinical groups are biased by different subjective criteria that are important for patients.Disclosure of interestResearch supported by the grant of president of the Russian federation for the state support for young Russian scientists, project MK2193.2017.6.
Age at the Time of Exposure to Trauma Modulates the Psychopathological Profile and the Level of Functioning in Early Psychosis Patients: A Prospective Study
Authors: Alameda L. , Philippe G. , Philipp B. , Kim Q D. , Philippe C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEvidence suggests a relationship between exposure to trauma and higher levels of symptoms and poorer functional outcomes in early psychotic patients (EPP). However, the impact of the age at the time of exposure to trauma in this association is as yet unknown.ObjectivesTo examine the potential differential impact of trauma, according to age at the time of exposure, on the level of functioning and on the psychopathological profile of EPP followed-up prospectively.MethodsTwo hundred and fifty-five EPP aged 18–35 were followed-up prospectively over 36 months. Patients who had faced at least one experience of abuse or neglect were classified according to age at the time of first exposure (early-trauma: before age 12; late-trauma: between age 12 and 16), and then compared with unexposed patients (non-trauma). The level of symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. The Young Mania Rating Scale, and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. The level of functioning was assessed with the global assessment of functioning.ResultsComparisons over the 3 years of treatment with non-trauma patients revealed that:– early-trauma patients showed consistently higher levels of positive (P = 0.006) depressive (P = 0.001), manic (P = 0.006) and negative (P = 0.029) symptoms and showed poorer functional level (P = 0.025);– late-trauma patients only showed more negative symptoms (P = 0.029) as compared to non-trauma patients.ConclusionsThe age at the time of exposure to trauma has a modulating effect on its impact on symptoms and functional outcome in EPP and it should be systematically examined in clinical and experimental settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.