bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Navigating Complex Decisions in Restoration Investment
Authors: Shoo Luke P. , Catterall Carla P. , Nicol Sam , Christian Rochelle , Rhodes Jonathan , Atkinson Penny , Butler Don , Zhu Roger , Wilson Kerrie A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEcosystem restoration requires choosing among potential interventions which differ in cost, and the time required to achieve outcomes of varying quality. Managers have different preferences for timeframes, certainty, and quality of outcomes, which can influence the choice of investment strategy. Here we develop a probabilistic approach to quantify expected restoration outcomes from alternative investment strategies, given operational constraints or alternative preferences. We apply the approach to a tropical forest restoration case study in which managers seek to allocate future resources between active planting and self‐organized regrowth. We find that the best strategy depends on the desired forest attributes and the time required for outcomes to be achieved. We quantify the trade‐off for three key forest attributes between restoring large areas of vegetation to low quality and restoring smaller areas to a higher quality. Explicit consideration of preferences and trade‐offs will enhance the likelihood that projects deliver desired outcomes.
Financial and Ecological Implications of Global Seafood Mislabeling
Authors: Stawitz Christine C. , Siple Margaret C. , Munsch Stuart H. , Lee Qi , Derby SAFS Research 
Published: November 2016

AbstractConsumers and regulators influence conservation of marine finfish by controlling harvest demand and availability. Consumer power to choose sustainably‐harvested species is threatened by seafood mislabeling, which may be a product of fraud or human error. Here we examined the prevalence of mislabeling, and its financial and ecological implications, by compiling and analyzing an international dataset of DNA barcoding studies of marine finfish (n = 43). On average, DNA‐identified species sold were less expensive (−2.98% ex‐vessel price) and more sustainable (+3.88% IUCN status) than species listed on their label; thus, mislabeling had a net positive impact on the conservation status of sold species. However, ecological impacts of some frequently mislabeled taxa were potentially severe, suggesting eco‐conscious consumers may want to avoid certain genera. Mislabeling may be reduced by increasing traceability and identification of seafoods, particularly at points in the chain‐of‐custody beyond ports, where the majority of mislabeling occurred.
Innovativeness as an Unintended Outcome of Franchising: Insights from Restaurant Chains
Authors: Mallapragada Girish , Srinivasan Raji 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTA growing trend in improving innovation outcomes is to go outside the firm's boundaries. One mechanism by which firms extend organizational boundaries is through franchising their channels. Yet, the effects of franchising on innovation outcomes have been overlooked in the literature. We propose that a firm's emphasis on franchising will affect its organizational innovativeness, conceptualized as product and process innovativeness, independently and with other firm characteristics—franchising experience, firm size, financial leverage, and slack resources. We find support for our hypotheses using a nonlinear seemingly unrelated regression model estimated using panel data from 38 U.S. restaurant chains between 1992 and 2005. The positive effect of the emphasis on franchising on product innovativeness is stronger for firms with high financial leverage, but weaker for firms with high slack resources. For process innovativeness, the effect is stronger for firms with high financial leverage but weaker for large firms, and for firms with high franchising experience and high slack resources. The findings indicate that a firm's emphasis on franchising has contingent effects on product and process innovation outcomes. Thus, franchising emerges as a competing mechanism (to alliances and joint ventures) that extends organizational boundaries and affects organizational innovativeness.
Game Outcome Uncertainty and Television Audience Demand: New Evidence from German Football
Authors: Schreyer  , Torgler Benno , Schmidt Sascha L. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Despite its prominence in the economic literature, our knowledge regarding the role of game outcome uncertainty (GOU) in spectator decision-making is fairly limited. Even worse, studies testing the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis (UOH) by exploring TV demand for European football have further intensified the original ambiguity. In this paper, we revisit the role of GOU in spectator decision-making by testing the UOH with regard to two different sporting products: (1) domestic league and (2) knockout tournament games. Analyzing TV demand for almost 1,500 German football games, we find support for the UOH in league, though not in knockout tournament games.
Effects of end‐stage renal disease and dialysis modalities on blood ammonia level
Authors: Vaziri Nosratola D. , Khazaeli Mahyar , Nunes Ane C. F. , Harley Kevin T. , Said Hyder , Alipour Omeed , Lau Wei Ling , Pahl Madeleine V. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroduction: Uremia results in a characteristic breath odor (uremic fetor) which is largely due to its high ammonia content. Earlier studies have shown a strong correlation between breath ammonia and blood urea levels and a 10‐fold reduction in breath ammonia after hemodialysis in patients with chronic kidney disease. Potential sources of breath ammonia include: (i) local ammonia production from hydrolysis of urea in the oropharyngeal and respiratory tracts by bacterial flora, and (ii) release of circulating blood ammonia by the lungs. While the effects of uremia and hemodialysis on breath ammonia are well known their effects on blood ammonia are unknown and were explored here.Methods: Blood samples were obtained from 23 hemodialysis patients (immediately before and after dialysis), 14 peritoneal dialysis patients, and 10 healthy controls. Blood levels of ammonia, creatinine, urea, and electrolytes were measured.Findings: No significant difference was found in baseline blood ammonia between hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and control groups. Hemodialysis procedure led to a significant reduction in urea concentration (P < 0.001) which was paradoxically accompanied by a modest but significant (P < 0.05) rise in blood ammonia level in 10 of the 23 patients studied. Change in blood ammonia pre‐ and post‐hemodialysis correlated with change in serum bicarbonate levels (r = 0.61, P < 0.01). On subgroup analysis of patients who had a rise in blood ammonia levels after dialysis, there was a strong correlation with drop in mean arterial pressure (r = 0.88, P < 0.01). The nadir intradialytic systolic blood pressure trended lower in the hemodialysis patients who had a rise in blood ammonia compared to the patients who manifested a fall in blood ammonia (124 ± 8 vs. 136 ± 6 mmHg respectively, P = 0.27).Discussion: Fall in blood urea following hemodialysis in ESRD patients was paradoxically accompanied by a modest rise in blood ammonia levels in 43% of the patients studied, contrasting prior reported effects of hemodialysis on breath ammonia. In this subgroup of patients, changes in blood ammonia during hemodialysis correlated with rise in blood bicarbonate and fall in mean arterial blood pressure.
New eight‐layer twinned hexagonal perovskite microwave dielectric ceramic Ba8NiNb6O24
Authors: Tao Fengqiong , Wang Xiaoming , Gong Mielu , Lu Fengqi , Allix Mathieu , Kuang Xiaojun , Fang Liang 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA new eight‐layer hexagonal perovskite Ba8NiNb6O24 was synthesized via the high‐temperature solid‐state reaction and its structure was characterized using selected area electron diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, and synchrotron X‐ray diffraction. Unlike the eight‐layer ordered shifted Ba8CoNb6O24 and Ba8ZnNb6O24, Ba8NiNb6O24 adopts a twinned structure with stacking sequence (ccch)2 for the BaO3 layers and displays more disordered cation and vacancies over the face‐sharing octahedral (FSO) sites than the twinned tantalates Ba8MTa6O24 (M=Zn, Ni, Co). The stabilization of twinned structure and cation/vacancy ordering in Ba8NiNb6O24 composition is correlated with the smaller size difference between Ni2+ and Nb5+ in comparison with those between (Zn/Co)2+ and Nb5+ in the shifted Ba8CoNb6O24 and Ba8ZnNb6O24. The Ba8NiNb6O24 pellet exhibits high dielectric permittivity εr ~ 40, modest Qf ~ 41 319 GHz, and large temperature coefficient of resonant frequency τf ~ 60 ppm/°C. The lower Qf value compared with the high‐Q Ba8MTa6O24 is ascribed to the reduced short‐range B‐cationic ordering inside the FSO dimers in Ba8NiNb6O24. These results contribute to understanding the interplay among chemical composition, structure, and dielectric properties of the eight‐layer twinned and shifted hexagonal perovskites.
Phase stability, electronic structures, and superconductivity properties of the BaPb1−xBixO3 and Ba1−xKxBiO3 perovskites
Authors: Liu Shi‐Yu , Meng Yang , Liu Shiyang , Li De‐Jun , Li Yaping , Liu Yingdi , Shen Yaogen , Wang Sanwu 
Published: November 2016

AbstactWith extensive first‐principles calculations, we investigate the phase stability, electronic structures, and superconductivity properties of the BaPb1−xBixO3 (BPBO) and Ba1−xKxBiO3 (BKBO) perovskites with the cubic (C), tetragonal (T), and orthorhombic (O) phases. Our calculations show that the tetragonal superconducting phases of both perovskites are metastable. However, the orthorhombic phase of the BPBO perovskite in the superconductivity region is only slightly more stable than the tetragonal phase. The small energy difference between the T and O phases and the discontinuous T‐to‐O phase transition account for the experimentally observed coexistence of the T and O phases. On the other hand, the BKBO perovskite involves a large energy difference between the T and O phases, which induces a low equilibrium temperature of the discontinuous T‐to‐O phase transition, in agreement with the experimental observation that the tetragonal BKBO is maintained down to low temperatures. Moreover, the electronic structures of both BPBO and BKBO superconductors show a flat band near the Fermi level, which is favorable for superconductivity. Furthermore, we find that the longer the total length of the flat band segment is, the higher the critical temperature of the BPBO or BKBO perovskite is. This key finding could be generalized straightforwardly to other unconventional superconductors and can be used to design and find optimal composition with maximum Tc for new unconventional superconductors.
Electrical and hydrogen reduction enhances kinetics in doped zirconia and ceria: I. grain growth study
Authors: Dong Yanhao , Wang Haoren , Chen I‐Wei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe kinetics of mass transport is central to ceramic processing and device stability. In this work, the effect of electrical and hydrogen reduction on the grain growth behavior of doped zirconia and ceria has been investigated. Faster grain growth has been observed under reducing conditions in all cases. The results firmly establish that a depressed local oxygen potential can enhance cation kinetics in fluorite‐structured oxide ceramics. Meanwhile, a large electrical current can generate a sharp, spatially varied oxygen potential profile, creating a graded microstructure with a dramatic grain size transition across the length of the sample.
3D Dislocation structure evolution in strontium titanate: Spherical indentation experiments and MD simulations
Authors: Javaid Farhan , Stukowski Alexander , Durst Karsten 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn the present work, the dislocation structure evolution around and underneath the spherical indentations in (001) oriented single crystalline strontium titanate (STO) was revealed by using an etch‐pit technique and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The 3D defect structure at various length scales and subsurface depths was resolved with the help of a sequential polishing, etching, and imaging technique. This analysis, combined with load‐displacement data, shows that the incipient plasticity (manifested as sudden indenter displacement bursts) is strongly influenced by preexisting dislocations. In the early stage of plastic deformation, the dislocation pile‐ups are all aligned in 〈100〉 directions, lying on {110}45 planes, inclined at 45° to the (001) surface. At higher mean contact pressure and larger indentation depth, however, dislocation pile‐ups along 〈110〉 directions appear, lying on {110}90 planes, perpendicular to the (100) surface. MD simulations confirm the glide plane nature and provide further insights into the dislocation formation mechanisms by tracing the evolution of the complete dislocation line network as function of indentation depth.
The variable nature of cognitive control in a university sample of young adult drinkers
Authors: Sharma Dinkar 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe current study investigates the effect of task‐irrelevant alcohol distractors on cognitive control and its interaction with heavy/light drinking in a group of young adult drinkers. It was hypothesised that alcohol distractors would result in a reduction of proactive control (reduced conflict adaptation) especially in heavy drinkers. 60 participants took part in a face‐word version of the Stroop task preceded by an alcohol or neutral image. Light drinkers only showed a congruency effect which indicated a greater level of proactive control. Heavy drinkers showed a greater level of reactive control in which the conflict adaptation effect occurred with neutral images but not with alcohol images. Possible explanations are discussed.
Association between pulse pressure and body mass index in hypertensive and normotensive populations in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V, 2010–2012
Authors: Kang Min Gyu , Kim Kye‐Hwan , Koh Jin‐Sin , Park Jeong Rang , Hwang Seok‐Jae , Hwang Jin‐Yong , Ahn Jong Hwa , Jang Jeong Yoon , Jeong Young‐Hoon , Kwak Choong Hwan , Park Hyun Woong 
Published: November 2016

The authors conducted a national cross‐sectional cohort study to evaluate the associations between pulse pressure (PP) and body mass index (BMI) and sex, according to blood pressure (BP) status. A total of 18 812 patients without a history of antihypertensive medication and cardiovascular disease were selected. There was good concordance between PP and the selected cardiovascular risk factors. PP increased with high BMI among patients with normal BP, but decreased with high BMI among patients with hypertension (HTN). BMI (ß, −0.260; SE, 0.039 [P<.001]) and male sex (ß, −4.727; SE, 1.100 [P<.001]) were negatively correlated with PP in a multivariate model adjusted for several risk factors in patients with HTN. In conclusion, PP was negatively correlated with BMI in patients with HTN, which may explain the higher cardiovascular risk in lean persons and women with HTN.
Partners in research: building academic‐practice partnerships to educate and mentor advanced practice nurses
Authors: Harbman Patricia , Bryant‐Lukosius Denise , Martin‐Misener Ruth , Carter Nancy , Covell Christine L. , Donald Faith , Gibbins Sharyn , Kilpatrick Kelley , McKinlay James , Rawson Krista , Sherifali Diana , Tranmer Joan , Valaitis Ruta 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRationaleClinical practice is the primary focus of advanced practice nursing (APN) roles. However, with unprecedented needs for health care reform and quality improvement (QI), health care administrators are seeking new ways to utilize all dimensions of APN expertise, especially related to research and evidence‐based practice. International studies reveal research as the most underdeveloped and underutilized aspect of these roles.AimsTo improve patient care by strengthening the capacity of advanced practice nurses to integrate research and evidence‐based practice activities into their day‐to‐day practice.MethodsAn academic‐practice partnership was created among hospital‐based advanced practice nurses, nurse administrators, and APN researchers to create an innovative approach to educate and mentor advanced practice nurses in conducting point‐of‐care research, QI, or evidence‐based practice projects to improve patient, provider, and/or system outcomes. A practice‐based research course was delivered to 2 cohorts of advanced practice nurses using a range of teaching strategies including 1‐to‐1 academic mentorship. All participants completed self‐report surveys before and after course delivery.ResultsThrough participation in this initiative, advanced practice nurses enhanced their knowledge, skills, and confidence in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of research, QI, and evidence‐based practice activities.ConclusionEvaluation of this initiative provides evidence of the acceptability and feasibility of academic‐practice partnerships to educate and mentor point‐of‐care providers on how to lead, implement, and integrate research, QI and evidence‐based activities into their practices.
Persistent threats to validity in single‐group interrupted time series analysis with a cross over design
Authors: Linden Ariel 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRationale, aims and objectivesThe basic single‐group interrupted time series analysis (ITSA) design has been shown to be susceptible to the most common threat to validity—history—the possibility that some other event caused the observed effect in the time series. A single‐group ITSA with a crossover design (in which the intervention is introduced and withdrawn 1 or more times) should be more robust. In this paper, we describe and empirically assess the susceptibility of this design to bias from history.MethodTime series data from 2 natural experiments (the effect of multiple repeals and reinstatements of Louisiana's motorcycle helmet law on motorcycle fatalities and the association between the implementation and withdrawal of Gorbachev's antialcohol campaign with Russia's mortality crisis) are used to illustrate that history remains a threat to ITSA validity, even in a crossover design.ResultsBoth empirical examples reveal that the single‐group ITSA with a crossover design may be biased because of history. In the case of motorcycle fatalities, helmet laws appeared effective in reducing mortality (while repealing the law increased mortality), but when a control group was added, it was shown that this trend was similar in both groups. In the case of Gorbachev's antialcohol campaign, only when contrasting the results against those of a control group was the withdrawal of the campaign found to be the more likely culprit in explaining the Russian mortality crisis than the collapse of the Soviet Union.ConclusionsEven with a robust crossover design, single‐group ITSA models remain susceptible to bias from history. Therefore, a comparable control group design should be included, whenever possible.
Effect of zein coating enriched by addition of functional constituents on the lipid oxidation of roasted hazelnuts
Authors: Yıldırım Esra , Barutçu Mazı Işıl 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of hazelnut skin extract powder (HEP) and α‐tocopherol addition to zein coating on lipid oxidation, texture, and moisture content of roasted hazelnuts. Total phenolic content of hazelnut skin extracted with three different solvents (acetone, ethanol, methanol) under hot (50°C) and cold (29°C) conditions were determined. The highest phenolic content (652.6 mg GAE/g) was achieved by using methanol as solvent at 50°C. Uncoated and coated hazelnuts were subjected to accelerated shelf‐life testing at 40°C for 5 months. Peroxide value, free acidity, K232, and K270 values of oil fraction of hazelnuts were measured at each month as indicators of oxidative rancidity. All coatings significantly reduced the investigated parameters indicating that they are all effective in prevention of oxidation. α‐Tocopherol incorporated coating provided the lowest PV (1.21 meqO2/kg) and K232 (3.03) values at the end of storage period and also it has the smoothest outer surface appearance. Hardness values and moisture contents of coated and uncoated hazelnuts remained unchanged during storage.Practical applicationsApplication of zein coating reduced the oxidative rancidity of roasted hazelnuts without producing significant changes in its color, texture, or moisture content at ambient storage conditions. Incorporation of α‐tocopherol improved the coating performance while incorporation of HEP did not at the level of 0.5% (w/v). This study shows that the shelf‐life of roasted hazelnuts may be enhanced by coating with zein solution containing natural antioxidant.
Quality changes of air‐packaged chicken meat stored under different temperature conditions and mathematical modelling for predicting the microbial growth and shelf life
Authors: Ghollasi‐Mood Farahnaz , Mohsenzadeh Mohammad , Hoseindokht Mohammad‐Reza , Varidi Mehdi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in bacterial flora including the number of Pseudomonas spp., total viable count, lactic acid bacteria and Enterobacteriaceae and to predict the shelf life of air‐packaged chicken meat stored at different storage temperatures (0 °C, 4 °C, 10 °C, and 15 °C). The correlation coefficient between Pseudomonas spp. count, total viable count, total volatile basic nitrogen, sensory evaluation scores, and pH showed that Pseudomonas spp. is a specific spoilage organism (Nychas, Skandamis et al.) (R2> .940, p < .01). The Gompertz model was fitted well to the experimental data (p < .001, R2> .989) and the MSE values were relatively small. The specific growth rate of Pseudomonas spp. in the chicken meat was 0.096, 0.122, 0.287, and 0.528/hr at 0 °C, 4 °C, 10 °C, and 15 °C, respectively. The lag phase was 74.3 hr, 25.2 hr, 14.8 hr, and 2.7 hr at 0 °C, 4 °C, 10 °C, and 15 °C, respectively. The Arrhenius equation was used as a secondary model to describe the effect of temperature on the maximum growth rate of Pseudomonas spp. in the poultry. The activation energy for growth of Pseudomonas spp. in the chicken meat was 74.0 kJ/mol. Finally, an exponential equation was used for shelf life prediction of poultry meat. The Gompertz model satisfactorily predicted the growth of Pseudomonas spp. as the specific spoilage organism in the air‐packaged chicken meat stored under different temperature conditions.Practical applicationsThere is no significant difference between experimental and predicted data by the model for air‐packed poultry meat, so the data tested in laboratory media could be easily used in real food after the mathematical process using the Gompertz model and it can be used to control the potential hazard in food and quality control.