bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using m-health tools to reduce the misuse of opioid pain relievers
Authors: Omaki Elise , Castillo Renan , Eden Karen , Davis Steve , McDonald Eileen , Murtaza Umbreen , Gielen Andrea 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundEmergency department (ED) patients are among the many groups at risk for prescription drug overdose. There is limited research on how best to communicate with ED patients about options for pain management and the risks of opioids. The aim of this study is to pilot test a web-based, patient-centred educational programme that encourages the patient to have an informed discussion about pain medication options with their ED provider.MethodsThis multisite, randomised trial will evaluate an m-health programme designed to aid the patient in making an informed decision about their pain treatment. Patients reporting to the ED with an injury-related or pain- related chief complaint who agree to participate are randomised to receive the intervention programme,My Healthy Choices, or an attention-matched control.My Healthy Choicespairs tailored education with a patient decision aid to describe what opioid and non-opioid pain medications are, assess the patient's risk factors for opioid-related adverse effects, and produce a tailored report that patients are encouraged to share with their doctor. Data are collected through surveys at three time points during the ED encounter (baseline, immediately after the intervention and just before discharge), and at a 6-week follow-up survey. The primary outcomes are whether the patient prefers an opioid pain reliever (OPR) and whether the patient takes an OPR.DiscussionWe hope this programme will facilitate patient-provider communication, as well as reduce the number of prescriptions written for OPRs and thus the number of patients exposed to prescription opioids and the associated risks of addiction and overdose.Trial registration numberNCT03012087; Pre-results.
Multicenter clinical and imaging evaluation of targeted radiofrequency ablation (t-RFA) and cement augmentation of neoplastic vertebral lesions
Authors: Reyes Melinda , Georgy Mark , Brook Lorenzo , Ortiz Orlando , Brook Allan , Agarwal Vikas , Muto Mario , Manfre Luigi , Marcia Stefano , Georgy Bassem A 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundTreatment of spinal metastatic lesions by radiofrequency ablation (RFA) before cementation can potentially help in local tumor control and pain relief. This is often limited by access and tumor location. This study reports multicenter clinical and imaging outcomes following targeted RFA (t-RFA) and cement augmentation in neoplastic lesions of the spine.Material and methodsA retrospective multicenter study of 49 patients with 72 painful vertebral lesions, evaluated for clinical and imaging outcomes following RFA and cement augmentation of spinal metastatic lesions, was undertaken. Visual Analogue Pain score (VAS) and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were obtained before and 2–4 weeks after treatment. Pre- and post-procedure imaging examinations including MRI and positron emission tomography (PET) were also evaluated.ResultsMean ablation time was 3.7±2.5 min (range 0.92–15). Mean VAS scores decreased from 7.9±2.5 pre-procedure to 3.5±2.6 post-procedure (p<0.0001). Mean ODI scores improved from 34.9±18.3 to 21.6±13.8 post-procedure (p<0.0001). Post-contrast MRI resulted in a predictable pattern of decreased tumor volume and an enhancing rim. Metabolically active lesions in pre-procedure PET scans (n=10 levels) showed decreased fluorodeoxyglucose activity after ablation.Conclusionst-RFA followed by vertebral augmentation in malignant vertebral lesions resulted in significant pain reduction and functional status improvement, with no major complications. t-RFA permitted access to vertebral lesions and real-time accurate monitoring of the ablation zone temperature. Post-procedure MRI and PET examinations correlated with a favorable tumor response and helped to monitor tumor growth and the timing of adjuvant therapy.
Impact of image reconstruction parameters when using 3D DSA reconstructions to measure intracranial aneurysms
Authors: Falk Katrina L , Rutkowski David R , Schafer Sebastian , Roldán-Alzate Alejandro , Oberstar Erick L , Strother Charles 
Published: April 2017

Background and purposeSafe and effective use of newly developed devices for aneurysm treatment requires the ability to make accurate measurements in the angiographic suite. Our purpose was to determine the parameters that optimize the geometric accuracy of three-dimensional (3D) vascular reconstructions.MethodsAn in vitro flow model consisting of a peristaltic pump, plastic tubing, and 3D printed patient-specific aneurysm models was used to simulate blood flow in an intracranial aneurysm. Flow rates were adjusted to match values reported in the literature for the internal carotid artery. 3D digital subtraction angiography acquisitions were obtained using a commercially available biplane angiographic system. Reconstructions were done using Edge Enhancement (EE) or Hounsfield Unit (HU) kernels and a Normal or Smooth image characteristic. Reconstructed images were analyzed using the vendor's aneurysm analysis tool. Ground truth measurements were derived from metrological scans of the models with a microCT. Aneurysm volume, surface area, dome height, minimum and maximum ostium diameter were determined for the five models.ResultsIn all cases, measurements made with the EE kernel most closely matched ground truth values. Differences in values derived from reconstructions displayed with Smooth or Normal image characteristics were small and had only little impact on the geometric parameters considered.ConclusionsReconstruction parameters impact the accuracy of measurements made using the aneurysm analysis tool of a commercially available angiographic system. Absolute differences between measurements made using reconstruction parameters determined as optimal in this study were, overall, very small. The significance of these differences, if any, will depend on the details of each individual case.
Antibrasilianismo: doença infantil da historiografia brasileira
Authors: Meihy José Carlos Sebe Bom 
Published: April 2017

This article addresses North American authors engaged in research concerning Brazil-specific issues in different realms of knowledge. The rejection befalling those so-called “Brazilianists”, usually regarded as “intruders”, compromises the analysis of their intellectual production on the grounds of North American scholarship. Overall ignorance of the context for their writing has been translated as an expression of academic nationalism, which should be refuted for its recurrent practice known as “anti-Brazilianism”. In historiographic terms, that perspective can be thought of as a childhood illness, compromising the perception of a few Brazilian writers claiming expert knowledge for themselves
A outra América de Gilberto Freyre
Authors: Melo Alfredo Cesar 
Published: April 2017

This article seeks to study the tense and ambivalent relationships established by Gilber to Freyre’s work with the sign “America”. On the one hand, we attempt to investigate how the initial perceptions created by the author of The Masters and the Slaves of the Brazilian and Nor th American cultures helped structure his famous interpretation of Brazil. On the other hand, we examine the way Freyre places Brazil in a lasting and old debate on the meaning of the two main civilizing projects existing in the Americas – the Anglo and Latin Americas
Prevalence of Imaging Biomarkers to Guide the Planning of Acute Stroke Reperfusion Trials
Authors: Jiang Bin , Ball Robyn L. , Michel Patrik , Jovin Tudor , Desai Manisha , Eskandari Ashraf , Naqvi Zack , Wintermark Max 
Published: April 2017

Background and Purpose—
Imaging biomarkers are increasingly used as selection criteria for stroke clinical trials. The goal of our study was to determine the prevalence of commonly studied imaging biomarkers in different time windows after acute ischemic stroke onset to better facilitate the design of stroke clinical trials using such biomarkers for patient selection.

Methods—
This retrospective study included 612 patients admitted with a clinical suspicion of acute ischemic stroke with symptom onset no more than 24 hours before completing baseline imaging. Patients with subacute/chronic/remote infarcts and hemorrhage were excluded from this study. Imaging biomarkers were extracted from baseline imaging, which included a noncontrast head computed tomography (CT), perfusion CT, and CT angiography. The prevalence of dichotomized versions of each of the imaging biomarkers in several time windows (time since symptom onset) was assessed and statistically modeled to assess time dependence (not lack thereof).

Results—
We created tables showing the prevalence of the imaging biomarkers pertaining to the core, the penumbra and the arterial occlusion for different time windows. All continuous imaging features vary over time. The dichotomized imaging features that vary significantly over time include: noncontrast head computed tomography Alberta Stroke Program Early CT (ASPECT) score and dense artery sign, perfusion CT infarct volume, and CT angiography collateral score and visible clot. The dichotomized imaging features that did not vary significantly over time include the thresholded perfusion CT penumbra volumes.

Conclusions—
As part of the feasibility analysis in stroke clinical trials, this analysis and the resulting tables can help investigators determine sample size and the number needed to screen.
Parsing the Roles of the Frontal Lobes and Basal Ganglia in Task Control Using Multivoxel Pattern Analysis
Authors: Kehagia Angie A. , Ye Rong , Joyce Dan W. , Doyle Orla M. , Rowe James B. , Robbins Trevor W. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Cognitive control has traditionally been associated with pFC based on observations of deficits in patients with frontal lesions. However, evidence from patients with Parkinson disease indicates that subcortical regions also contribute to control under certain conditions. We scanned 17 healthy volunteers while they performed a task-switching paradigm that previously dissociated performance deficits arising from frontal lesions in comparison with Parkinson disease, as a function of the abstraction of the rules that are switched. From a multivoxel pattern analysis by Gaussian Process Classification, we then estimated the forward (generative) model to infer regional patterns of activity that predict Switch/Repeat behavior between rule conditions. At 1000 permutations, Switch/Repeat classification accuracy for concrete rules was significant in the BG, but at chance in the frontal lobe. The inverse pattern was obtained for abstract rules, whereby the conditions were successfully discriminated in the frontal lobe but not in the BG. This double dissociation highlights the difference between cortical and subcortical contributions to cognitive control and demonstrates the utility of multivariate approaches in investigations of functions that rely on distributed and overlapping neural substrates.
Multiple-object Tracking as a Tool for Parametrically Modulating Memory Reactivation
Authors: Poppenk Jordan , Norman Kenneth A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Converging evidence supports the “nonmonotonic plasticity” hypothesis, which states that although complete retrieval may strengthen memories, partial retrieval weakens them. Yet, the classic experimental paradigms used to study effects of partial retrieval are not ideally suited to doing so, because they lack the parametric control needed to ensure that the memory is activated to the appropriate degree (i.e., that there is some retrieval but not enough to cause memory strengthening). Here, we present a novel procedure designed to accommodate this need. After participants learned a list of word–scene associates, they completed a cued mental visualization task that was combined with a multiple-object tracking (MOT) procedure, which we selected for its ability to interfere with mental visualization in a parametrically adjustable way (by varying the number of MOT targets). We also used fMRI data to successfully train an “associative recall” classifier for use in this task: This classifier revealed greater memory reactivation during trials in which associative memories were cued while participants tracked one, rather than five, MOT targets. However, the classifier was insensitive to task difficulty when recall was not taking place, suggesting that it had indeed tracked memory reactivation rather than task difficulty per se. Consistent with the classifier findings, participants' introspective ratings of visualization vividness were modulated by MOT task difficulty. In addition, we observed reduced classifier output and slowing of responses in a postreactivation memory test, consistent with the hypothesis that partial reactivation, induced by MOT, weakened memory. These results serve as a “proof of concept” that MOT can be used to parametrically modulate memory retrieval—a property that may prove useful in future investigation of partial retrieval effects, for example, in closed-loop experiments.
The Time Course of Audio-Visual Phoneme Identification: a High Temporal Resolution Study
Authors: Sánchez-García Carolina , Kandel Sonia , Savariaux Christophe , Soto-Faraco Salvador 
Published: April 2017

Speech unfolds in time and, as a consequence, its perception requires temporal integration. Yet, studies addressing audio-visual speech processing have often overlooked this temporal aspect. Here, we address the temporal course of audio-visual speech processing in a phoneme identification task using a Gating paradigm. We created disyllabic Spanish word-like utterances (e.g., /pafa/, /paθa/, …) from high-speed camera recordings. The stimuli differed only in the middle consonant (/f/, /θ/, /s/, /r/, /g/), which varied in visual and auditory saliency. As in classical Gating tasks, the utterances were presented in fragments of increasing length (gates), here in 10 ms steps, for identification and confidence ratings. We measured correct identification as a function of time (at each gate) for each critical consonant in audio, visual and audio-visual conditions, and computed the Identification Point and Recognition Point scores. The results revealed that audio-visual identification is a time-varying process that depends on the relative strength of each modality (i.e., saliency). In some cases, audio-visual identification followed the pattern of one dominant modality (either A or V), when that modality was very salient. In other cases, both modalities contributed to identification, hence resulting in audio-visual advantage or interference with respect to unimodal conditions. Both unimodal dominance and audio-visual interaction patterns may arise within the course of identification of the same utterance, at different times. The outcome of this study suggests that audio-visual speech integration models should take into account the time-varying nature of visual and auditory saliency.
A User Parameter-Free Diagonal-Loading Scheme for Clutter Rejection on Radar Wind Profilers
Authors: Hashimoto Taishi , Nishimura Koji , Tsutsumi Masaki , Sato Kaoru , Sato Toru 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a novel method for the automatic determination of the diagonal-loading level for robust adaptive beamforming on radar wind profilers. This method balances the degradation of the signal-to-interference ratio with that of the signal-to-noise ratio to maximize the detectability of the backscattered signals. Because radial wind velocities are usually estimated from the first moment of the spectrum of backscattered echoes, both the residual ground clutter and any increase in noise level degrade the detectability of atmospheric echoes. The proposed algorithm evaluates the power spectral density of the residual clutter and increased noise to determine the optimal diagonal-loading level by balancing these two factors. The results of numerical simulation show that, without the need to specify any user parameters, the proposed algorithm is stable and more effective at maximizing the signal-to-interference ratio than the conventional norm-constrained diagonal-loading approach. The stability and clutter suppression capability of the proposed algorithm are examined using data from the Program of the Antarctic Syowa Mesosphere–Stratosphere–Troposphere/Incoherent Scatter Radar.
Verification of 24-h Quantitative Precipitation Forecasts over the Pacific Northwest from a High-Resolution Ensemble Kalman Filter System
Authors: Cookson-Hills Phillipa , Kirshbaum Daniel J. , Surcel Madalina , Doyle Jonathan G. , Fillion Luc , Jacques Dominik , Baek Seung-Jong 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) has recently developed an experimental high-resolution EnKF (HREnKF) regional ensemble prediction system, which it tested over the Pacific Northwest of North America for the first half of February 2011. The HREnKF has 2.5-km horizontal grid spacing and assimilates surface and upper-air observations every hour. To determine the benefits of the HREnKF over less expensive alternatives, its 24-h quantitative precipitation forecasts are compared with those from a lower-resolution (15 km) regional ensemble Kalman filter (REnKF) system and to ensembles directly downscaled from the REnKF using the same grid as the HREnKF but with no additional data assimilation (DS). The forecasts are verified against rain gauge observations and gridded precipitation analyses, the latter of which are characterized by uncertainties of comparable magnitude to the model forecast errors. Nonetheless, both deterministic and probabilistic verification indicates robust improvements in forecast skill owing to the finer grids of the HREnKF and DS. The HREnKF exhibits a further improvement in performance over the DS in the first few forecast hours, suggesting a modest positive impact of data assimilation. However, this improvement is not statistically significant and may be attributable to other factors.
How Long Is Too Long? The Prespiked Intravenous Debate
Authors: Stedman Jennifer L. , Yarmush Joel M. , Joshi Minal C. , Kamath Sangeetha , Schianodicola Joseph 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND:
As the number of operative cases increases, there is a greater emphasis on reducing inefficiency while maintaining patient safety. Recently, the issue of prespiking intravenous (IV) bags was raised. No study has assessed whether the risk of infection is related to the length of time a sterile (IV) fluid bag has been spiked. After completion of a pilot study revealed no microbial growth within 24 hours of an IV spike, a larger formal study was undertaken to determine whether there was an increased infection risk within 4 hours of spiking an intravenous fluid bag.

METHODS:
Five IV administration sets were spiked and hung in busy perioperative areas once a week for a 5-week period. Five samples were drawn from each IV set. Approximately 10 mL was collected per sample. All samples were inoculated in 2 separate growth media. If any growth was noted, the sample was marked as positive.

RESULTS:
A total of 125 samples were collected over a period of 5 weeks, yielding 250 specimens. No samples were excluded from the study. No growth was identified in any of the specimens. The 95% confidence interval was estimated to be 0, 0.063.

DISCUSSION:
There was no bacterial growth in prespiked normal saline IV bags in a perioperative environment. Thus, prespiking of normal saline IV bags in advance should pose no risk of infection to a patient if prepared within 4 hours.
Friar Francisco Ximénez and thePopol Vuh: From Religious Treatise to a Digital Sacred Book
Authors: Quiroa Néstor I. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Popol Vuh represents the most studied indigenous text of Mesoamerica, with its breadth of detail concerning Maya worldview, religion, cosmology, and society. Regarded as an ethnohistorical treasure, this narrative has been read exclusively as a freestanding, self-contained text to inquire into a history far removed from when it was actually created. Consequently, the colonial context of the text itself has been omitted, including the central role of Dominican friar Francisco Ximénez as transcriber and translator of the only available copy. This article reframes the Popol Vuh within its historical and physical ecclesiastic context, recovering Friar Ximénez’s voice within his manuscript. It is argued that his work was first and foremost intended to be a religious treatise to carry out the conversion of the K’iche’ to Christianity. This study offers an alternative, holistic understanding of Friar Ximénez’s manuscript by tracing two historical moments that contributed to the transformation of the Popol Vuh narrative from a religious treatise into what it is now in the prevailing view, an ancient text or “sacred book.”
CAMSAP3 accumulates in the pericentrosomal area and accompanies microtubule release from the centrosome via katanin
Authors: Dong Congcong , Xu Honglin , Zhang Rui , Tanaka Nobutoshi , Takeichi Masatoshi , Meng Wenxiang 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
The epithelium has an apico-basal axis polarity that plays an important role in absorption, excretion and other physiological functions. In epithelial cells, a substantial number of non-centrosomal microtubules (MTs) are scattered in the cytoplasm with an apico-basal polarity and reorientate as epithelial cells perform different functions. Several previous studies have found that non-centrosomal MTs are nucleated at the centrosome, and then released and translocated elsewhere. However, the detailed process and molecular mechanism remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that Nezha, also called calmodulin-regulated spectrin-associated protein 3 (CAMSAP3), a non-centrosomal MT minus-end protein, accumulates in the pericentrosomal area and accompanies the release of MTs from the centrosome; whereas depletion of CAMSAP3 prevented MT release and instead caused focusing of MTs at centrosomes. Further studies demonstrated that CAMSAP3 precisely coordinates with dynein and katanin to regulate the MT detachment process. In conclusion, our results indicate that CAMSAP3 is a key molecule for generation of non-centrosomal MTs.
Compositionally distinct nuclear pore complexes of functionally distinct dimorphic nuclei in the ciliate Tetrahymena
Authors: Iwamoto Masaaki , Osakada Hiroko , Mori Chie , Fukuda Yasuhiro , Nagao Koji , Obuse Chikashi , Hiraoka Yasushi , Haraguchi Tokuko 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
The nuclear pore complex (NPC), a gateway for nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, is composed of ∼30 different proteins called nucleoporins. It remains unknown whether the NPCs within a species are homogeneous or vary depending on the cell type or physiological condition. Here, we present evidence for compositionally distinct NPCs that form within a single cell in a binucleated ciliate. In Tetrahymena thermophila, each cell contains both a transcriptionally active macronucleus (MAC) and a germline micronucleus (MIC). By combining in silico analysis, mass spectrometry analysis for immuno-isolated proteins and subcellular localization analysis of GFP-fused proteins, we identified numerous novel components of MAC and MIC NPCs. Core members of the Nup107–Nup160 scaffold complex were enriched in MIC NPCs. Strikingly, two paralogs of Nup214 and of Nup153 localized exclusively to either the MAC or MIC NPCs. Furthermore, the transmembrane components Pom121 and Pom82 localize exclusively to MAC and MIC NPCs, respectively. Our results argue that functional nuclear dimorphism in ciliates is likely to depend on the compositional and structural specificity of NPCs.