bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender differences in the inflammatory cytokine and chemokine profiles induced by binge ethanol drinking in adolescence
Authors: Pascual María , Montesinos Jorge , Marcos Miguel , Torres Jorge‐Luis , Costa‐Alba Pilar , García‐García Francisco , Laso Francisco‐Javier , Guerri Consuelo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHeavy binge drinking in adolescence can cause long‐term cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Recent experimental evidence indicates the participation of immune system activation in the effects of ethanol in the adolescent brain and suggests gender differences. The present study aims to assess plasma cytokine and chemokine levels in male and female adolescents and young adults during acute alcohol intoxication and to correlate these results with the toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) response. The potential role of the TLR4 signaling response was also assessed in plasma and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of adolescent wild‐type and TLR4‐knockout male and female mice with binge ethanol treatment. The results showed that alcohol intoxication increased the plasma levels of several cytokine and chemokine [interferon‐γ, interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐17A, IL‐1β, IL‐2, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, fractalkine, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP‐1) and macrophage inflammatory protein 1α (MIP‐1α)] and the upregulation of TLR4 mRNA levels occurred in intoxicated females, while elevation of colony‐stimulating factor was only observed in the plasma of males. In wild‐type female adolescent mice, intermittent ethanol treatment increased the levels of several cytokines (IL‐17A and IL‐1β) and chemokines (MCP‐1, MIP‐1α and fractalkine) in PFC and in serum (IL‐17A, MCP‐1 and MIP‐1α), but significant differences in the fractalkine levels in PFC were observed only in male mice. No changes in serum or prefrontal cortex cytokine and chemokine levels were noted in ethanol‐treated male or female TLR4‐knockout mice. Our findings revealed that females are more vulnerable than males to inflammatory effects of binge ethanol drinking and suggested that TLR4 is an important target of ethanol‐induced inflammation and neuroinflammation in adolescence.
Outcomes in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma after discontinuation of programmed death (PD)‐1 or PD ligand 1 inhibitor therapy
Authors: Sonpavde Guru , Pond Gregory R. , Mullane Stephanie , Ramirez Ana A. , Vogelzang Nicholas J. , Necchi Andrea , Powles Thomas , Bellmunt Joaquim 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo study the subsequent therapy and disease outcomes of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) after discontinuation of programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) inhibitors.Patients and MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis to examine outcomes and systemic therapy administration after PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy in patients with advanced UC. Data on demographics and therapy administered were collected from the institutions involved in the study. Univariable Cox regression analyses were performed to examine the clinical factors potentially associated with overall survival (OS) after PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy.ResultsData from 62 patients were available from four institutions, with capture of subsequent therapy and outcomes after checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy. The median patient age was 65.5 years and 51 patients (82.3%) were male. The median (range) duration of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy in 55 patients for whom these data were available was 64 (7–669) days. Of these, 22 patients (35.5%) received post‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy through a variety of different chemotherapy regimens (n = 16), chemobiological combination (n = 1), biological agents (n = 4) and immunotherapy (n = 1). The median (range) time from last PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy to subsequent therapy was 58 (14–242) days. The median OS of all patients after completion of PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy was 149 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 75–359). Among those who received some post‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy, the median OS was 182 days (95% CI: 121–372), and the median time to progression was 124 days (95% CI: 61–273) from the start of post‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 therapy. Among these 22 patients, the only significant baseline prognostic factor associated with OS was performance status.ConclusionsIn this dataset, 35.5% of patients with advanced UC received systemic therapy after salvage therapy with PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitors. Outcomes after subsequent therapy appear similar to those historically observed in patients who had not received prior PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy. Further study of patients receiving post‐PD‐1/PD‐L1 inhibitor therapy is warranted to identify factors associated with outcomes and potentially synergistic sequences.
Synthesis and evaluation of anti‐inflammatory properties of silver nanoparticle suspensions in experimental colitis in mice
Authors: Siczek Krzysztof , Zatorski Hubert , Chmielowiec‐Korzeniowska Anna , Pulit‐Prociak Jolanta , Śmiech Magdalena , Kordek Radzisław , Tymczyna Leszek , Banach Marcin , Fichna Jakub 
Published: October 2016

The aim of our study was to investigate the effect of newly developed silver nanoparticle aqueous suspensions NanoAg1 and NanoAg2 in the mouse models mimicking ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. NanoAg1 and NanoAg2 were synthesized in aqueous medium with the involvement of tannic acid. To elucidate their anti‐inflammatory activity, semi‐chronic mouse models of inflammation induced by dextrane sulfate sodium addition to drinking water and intracolonic (i.c.) administration of 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid were used. NanoAg1 and NanoAg2 (500 mg/dm3, 100 μl/animal, i.c., once daily) significantly ameliorated colitis in dextrane sulfate sodium‐ and 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid‐induced mouse models of colonic inflammation, as indicated by reduced macroscopic, ulcer and microscopic scores. The anti‐inflammatory effect was dependent on the shape and diameter of silver nanoparticles, as indicated by weaker effect of NanoAg1 than NanoAg2. In addition, administration of NanoAg2, but not NanoAg1, modulated colonic microbiota, as indicated by reduced number of Escherichia coli and Clostridium perfringens, and increased number of Lactobacillus sp. Summarizing, NanoAg1 and NanoAg2 after administered i.c. effectively alleviate colitis in experimental models of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease in mice. Therefore, NanoAg1 and NanoAg2 administered i.c. have the potential to become valuable agents for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases.
Beneficial Effects of Co‐Ultramicronized Palmitoylethanolamide/Luteolin in a Mouse Model of Autism and in a Case Report of Autism
Authors: Bertolino Bartolomeo , Crupi Rosalia , Impellizzeri Daniela , Bruschetta Giuseppe , Cordaro Marika , Siracusa Rosalba , Esposito Emanuela , Cuzzocrea Salvatore 
Published: October 2016

SummaryAimsAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition defined by social communication deficits and repetitive restrictive behaviors. Association of the fatty acid amide palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) with the flavonoid luteolin displays neuroprotective and antiinflammatory actions in different models of central nervous system pathologies. We hypothesized that association of PEA with luteolin might have therapeutic utility in ASD, and we employed a well‐recognized autism animal model, namely sodium valproate administration, to evaluate cognitive and motor deficits.MethodsTwo sets of experiments were conducted. In the first, we investigated the effect of association of ultramicronized PEA with luteolin, co‐ultramicronized PEA‐LUT® (co‐ultraPEA‐LUT®) in a murine model of autistic behaviors, while in the second, the effect of co‐ultraPEA‐LUT® in a patient affected by ASD was examined.ResultsCo‐ultraPEA‐LUT® treatment ameliorated social and nonsocial behaviors in valproic acid‐induced autistic mice and improved clinical picture with reduction in stereotypes in a 10‐year‐old male child.ConclusionThese data suggest that ASD symptomatology may be improved by agents documented to control activation of mast cells and microglia. Co‐ultraPEA‐LUT® might be a valid and safe therapy for the symptoms of ASD alone or in combination with other used drugs.
Diet and Headache: Part 1
Authors: Martin Vincent T. , Vij Brinder 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThe role of diet in the management of the headache patient is a controversial topic in the headache field.ObjectivesTo review the evidence supporting the hypothesis that specific foods or ingredients within foods and beverages trigger attacks of headache and/or migraine and to discuss the use of elimination diets in the prevention of headache disordersMethodsThis represents part 1 of a narrative review of the role of diet in the prevention of migraine and other headache disorders. A PubMed search was performed with the following search terms: “monosodium glutamate,” “caffeine,” “aspartame,” “sucralose,” “histamine intolerance syndrome,” “tyramine,” “alcohol,” “chocolate,” “nitrites,” “IgG elimination diets,” and “gluten.” Each of these search terms was then cross‐referenced with “headache” and “migraine” to identify relevant studies. Only studies that were written in English were included in this review.ResultsCaffeine withdrawal and administration of MSG (dissolved in liquid) has the strongest evidence for triggering attacks of headache as evidenced by multiple positive provocation studies. Aspartame has conflicting evidence with two positive and two negative provocation studies. Observational studies provide modest evidence that gluten‐ and histamine‐containing foods as well as alcohol may precipitate headaches in subgroups of patients. Two of three randomized controlled trials reported that an elimination diet of IgG positive foods significantly decreased frequency of headache/migraine during the treatment as compared to baseline time period.ConclusionsCertain foods, beverages, and ingredients within foods may trigger attacks of headache and/or migraine in susceptible individuals. Elimination diets can prevent headaches in subgroups of persons with headache disorders.
The rheological property, antimicrobial stability and release evaluation of soya protein isolate/alginate‐based films incorporated with thymol
Authors: Pan Hongyang , Wang Mingfeng , Zhu Baokun , Liao Tougen , Jin Zhenyu 
Published: October 2016

SummarySoya protein isolate (SPI)/alginate (ALG)/montmorillonite (MMT)/thymol (THY) nanocomposite films were prepared with a codrying process to enhance the antimicrobial stability. The results showed higher gelation point temperature and more stable gelling network were obtained by the addition of MMT. Better thermal stability and sustained release effect was found in the coblended film containing MMT, in which THY release rate at 25 °C decreased with increasing MMT concentration but increased with temperature at a constant relative humidity. The SPI/ALG/THY, SPI/ALG/THY‐CO and SPI/ALG/THY‐CO‐0.6 (MMT content = 0.6 g g−1 SPI) films effectively inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli by 0.95, 0.91 and 0.70 log cfu mL−1 and of Staphylococcus aureus by 0.94, 0.89 and 0.73 log cfu mL−1, respectively, on the surface of raw sausage, compared to the control film.
Chemometrics coupled with ultraviolet spectroscopy: a tool for the analysis of variety, adulteration, quality and ageing of apple juices
Authors: Chang Jia‐Dong , Zheng Hong , Mantri Nitin , Xu Ling , Jiang Zhengdong , Zhang Jialei , Song Zhipeng , Lu Hongfei 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis study demonstrates the use of UV spectroscopy (UV) in combination with chemometrics as a simple and feasible approach for analysis of variety, adulteration, quality and ageing of apple juice. The results show that PCA‐UV is adequate to differentiate apple juice varieties and adulteration. The percentage of the adulterant can be detected by PLSR‐UV with RMSE < 0.7783% and R2 > 0.9980. For the evaluation of juice quality, PLSR‐UV (RMSE = 0.2555–2.3448; R2 = 0.7276–0.9816) is recommended for the prediction of soluble solids, ascorbic acid, total flavonoids, total sugar and reducing sugar, whilst PCR‐UV (RMSE = 0.0000–2.7426; R2 = 0.7073–1.0000) is adequate for the prediction of pH and antioxidant activity. In addition, PLSR‐UV may be used to predict the storage time with RMSE = 0.4681 day and R2 = 0.9832. Therefore, UV coupled with chemometrics has potential to be developed as a portable tool for the detection of variety, adulteration, quality and ageing of not only apple juices, but also other fruit and vegetable juices.
How the inclusion of mushroom powder can affect the physicochemical characteristics of pasta
Authors: Lu Xikun , Brennan Margaret A. , Serventi Luca , Mason Sue , Brennan Charles S. 
Published: October 2016

SummaryIn this study, a partial substitution of durum wheat semolina with three different species of mushrooms (white button, shitake and porcini) was undertaken to increase the nutritional value of the pasta. The cooking properties and textural characteristics of the pasta produced were also determined. The results showed that the addition of mushroom powder increased the cooking loss, as well as firmness and resistance of the uniaxial tension of the pasta. Porcini mushroom incorporation significantly decreased the swelling index, water absorption index and moisture content values of the cooked pasta, while, for the white button and shiitake mushrooms, there was no noticeable effect on either index compared with the control sample (containing exclusively durum wheat semolina). The addition of shiitake mushroom powder resulted in pasta with the highest firmness and tensile strength.
Capacity building for global nursing leaders: challenges and experiences
Authors: Shin S. , Han J. , Cha C. 
Published: October 2016

AimThe aim of this article is to describe our experience in operating a capacity‐building programme, the Korea International Cooperation Project, for global nursing leaders from developing countries, held during the International Council of Nurses (ICN) Conference in 2015 in Seoul, Korea.BackgroundGlobalization points to the importance of global leadership among nursing leaders. In accordance with the theme of ‘Global Citizen, Global Nursing’ at the ICN conference in 2015, a capacity‐building programme for nursing leaders of developing countries was implemented.IntroductionThe global nursing leadership programme shared experiences during the preparation and operation of the conference. To prepare the programme, this paper describes selecting participants, working with invitation lists from 30 countries, and recruiting and training volunteers. The operation of the programme, orientation, organizing tailored programmes for participant groups, addressing unexpected issues and evaluating the programme are described.Implications for nursing policyICN could implement capacity‐building programmes for nursing leaders of developing countries during its ICN conference for the nursing society. A programme tailored for each continent with similar sociocultural backgrounds and health issues would provide chances for collaboration and networking. A policy to compile global nursing indicators should be developed. This would allow nursing leaders to learn about the strengths and weaknesses of global nursing and provide evidence for collaboration.ConclusionThe programme was successful in introducing and broadening global perspectives of participants on health and education as well as building a network among leaders and next‐generation leaders in participating countries for future cooperation and collaboration.
The Accuracy of Anthropometric Equations to Assess Body Fat in Adults with Down Syndrome
Authors: Rossato Mateus , Dellagrana Rodolfo André , da Costa Rafael Martins , Bezerra Ewertton de Souza , dos Santos João Otacílio Libardoni , Rech Cassiano Ricardo 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to verify the accuracy of anthropometric equations to estimate the body density (BD) of adults with Down syndrome (DS), and propose new regression equations.Materials and methodsTwenty‐one males (30.5 ± 9.4 years) and 17 females (27.3 ± 7.7 years) with DS participated in this study. The reference method for BD was air displacement plethysmography (ADP). Also, the BD was estimated by anthropometric equations. The body fat percentage (BF %) was estimated by the Siri equation.ResultsFor females, the Durnin and Womersley equation showed no difference from the ADP, but a trend of underestimation was observed. For males, all equations were significantly different for the BF % from ADP. The equations developed in this study showed a high correlation and acceptable agreement with BF % from ADP in both genders.ConclusionAll equations are not valid for DS adults. The new equations developed here were accurate in estimating the BF %.
Life‐Space Mobility and Mortality in Older Women: Prospective Results from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures
Authors: Mackey Dawn C. , Lui Li‐Yung , Cawthon Peggy M. , Ensrud Kristine , Yaffe Kristine , Cummings Steven R. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the relationship between life‐space mobility (extent, frequency, independence of movement) and mortality in older women.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingFour U.S. clinical sites.ParticipantsWomen (N = 1,498) aged 75 to 102 (mean 87.6) followed from 2006 to 2015.MeasurementsLife‐space during the past 4 weeks was assessed in an interview, scored from 0 (daily restriction to bedroom) to 120 (daily trips outside town without assistance), and categorized (0–20, 21–40, 41–60, 61–80, 81–120). All‐cause mortality was the primary outcome; noncancer, cardiovascular, cancer, and noncardiovascular noncancer mortality were secondary outcomes.ResultsOver a mean 5.2 years, 842 (56.2%) women died. Unadjusted risk of all‐cause mortality was 82.6% in women with the lowest level of life‐space (0–20 points) and 36.2% in those with the highest level (81–120 points). In multivariable proportional hazards models, there was a strong relationship between less life‐space and greater risk of all‐cause mortality (Ptrend < .001). Women with the lowest level of life‐space (0–20 points) had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 2.4 times as high (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5–4.0) as that of women with the highest level (81–120 points); women with life‐space scores between 21 and 60 had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 1.5 times as high as that of women with the highest level. Each standard deviation decrease in life‐space was associated with a 1.2 times greater (95% CI = 1.1–1.4) risk of all‐cause mortality. Women unable to travel beyond their neighborhood without assistance had a risk of all‐cause mortality that was 1.4 times (95% CI = 1.1–1.7) as high as that of women who could travel beyond their neighborhood without assistance. Results were similar for noncancer, cardiovascular, and other mortality and did not change after controlling for underlying disease or living arrangement.ConclusionLife‐space scores of 60 or less were associated with mortality in older women independent of other strong risk factors.
Body composition assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry predicts early infectious complications after liver transplantation
Authors: Lindqvist C. , Majeed A. , Wahlin S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundIt is challenging to identify malnutrition, which is a risk factor for poor outcome in patients with liver cirrhosis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of malnutrition among patients listed for liver transplantation, as assessed by different methods, and also to relate dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) to short‐term post‐transplant outcomes.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, we reviewed the medical records of 106 patients who underwent liver transplantation in 2009–2012. Body composition was assessed by the fat‐free mass index (FFMI) and fat mass index (FMI) obtained using DXA. Severe infections within 1 month, length of stay in intensive care unit and length of hospital stay were endpoints of primary interest.ResultsThe prevalence of malnutrition was 2–20% depending on sex and the assessment method. Thirty‐nine (37%) patients developed severe infections within 1 month after liver transplantation. In multivariate analysis with logistic regression, body composition was significantly associated with post‐operative infection when measured with FFMI (P = 0.043) but not with FMI (P = 0.087). Post‐operative dialysis (P = 0.004) and post‐operative infections (P < 0.001) were significantly associated with length of stay in hospital. Post‐operative bleeding (P = 0.015), duration of mechanical ventilation (P < 0.001) and the need for dialysis (P < 0.001), but not body composition, were significant predictors of the length of stay in the intensive care unit.ConclusionsThe prevalence of malnutrition depends on assessment method. FFMI is an independent predictor for early post‐transplant infections. Body composition measured by DXA during the pretransplant evaluation provides valuable information about nutritional status in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Comparison of different consensuses of BTXA in different countries
Authors: Sharova Alisa A 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThe most international dosing guidelines on the use of botulinum toxin type A (BTXA) drugs support a 1:1 dose relationship between OnaBTXA and IncoBTXA and 1:2.5 between OnaBTXA and AboBTXA. However, different facial zones demonstrate different doses conversion ratios. The comparative analysis of nine consensuses on the use of Abo‐, Ona‐, and IncoBTXA in the United States, Russia, and Europe has been performed. We conducted a review of publications adopting the key words “botulinum toxin consensus,” “botulinum toxin guideline.” Information search has been carried out primarily in specialized databases (DB). To find the relevant RCTs and guidelines/consensuses, the following databases were used: PubMed and Medline that were screened up to May 2008. Results regarding dose ratios for OnaBTXA:AboBTXA and IncoBTXA:AboBTXA showed that in most cases it is characterized both by increase and by decrease compared to the ratio of 1:2.5. The mean value of dose ratios OnaBTXA:AboBTXA adopted in the United States is 1:2.8. The ratio IncoBTXA:AboBTXA according to international and Russian data is 1:1.9. There are some differences in clinical approach of BTXA use in certain countries. In Russia, low doses are recommended for “crow's feet” and forehead. The US consensus recommends a higher dosage to correct perioral wrinkles. Despite many years of experience in using BTXA, there is no strict international uniformity of clinical guidelines. The recommended doses for the individual areas of the face may differ in different countries. Therefore, physicians in their practice should be guided not by international consensuses, but prefer a national guidelines.