bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transvenous Lead Extraction in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis Patients With Infected Cardiac Devices
Authors: Barakat Amr F. , Wazni Oussama M. , Tarakji Khaldoun G. , Callahan Thomas , Nimri Nayef , Saliba Walid I. , Shah Shailee , Abdur Rehman Karim , Rickard John , Brunner Michael P. , Martin David O. , Kanj Mohamed , Baranowski Bryan , Cantillon Daniel , Niebauer Mark , Dresing Thomas , Lindsay Bruce D. , Wilkoff Bruce L. , Hussein Ayman A. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Cardiac implantable electronic device infections have been on the rise. A high-risk population is that with renal disease, especially dialysis. We aimed to assess procedural profiles and clinical outcomes of transvenous lead extraction for cardiac implantable electronic device infection based on renal disease status.

Methods and Results:

In 1420 consecutive patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction of infected cardiac implantable electronic devices (1996–2012), we assessed procedural profiles and clinical outcomes in 3 groups: normal renal function (group 1, n=1159), renal dysfunction not requiring dialysis (group 2, n=163), and dialysis (group 3, n=98). A total of 3182 infected leads were extracted. Dialysis patients had shorter lead dwell times and were less likely to require transvenous lead extraction tools but as likely to require femoral workstations. There were higher overall rates of procedure-related complications in dialysis patients (12% versus ≈6% in nondialysis) with no difference in the major complication rates (
P
=not significant). Complete procedural success rates were 94%, 96%, and 94% in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (
P
=not significant). There were 4 intraprocedural deaths in group 1 versus none in groups 2 and 3. Mortality rates were significantly higher in dialysis patients both at 1 and 6 months (
P
<0.0001 for both). In multivariable analyses, dialysis status was independently associated with increased mortality risk at 1 and 6 months. Other factors associated with mortality were lead material retention, functional (New York Heart Association) class, and occurrence of procedural complications.

Conclusions:
In patients with cardiac implantable electronic device infection, dialysis status did not seem to add complexity to transvenous lead extraction but was independently associated with increased mortality at 1 and 6 months.
Improving Access to Thrombolysis and Inhospital Management Times in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Haesebaert Julie , Nighoghossian Norbert , Mercier Catherine , Termoz Anne , Porthault Sylvie , Derex Laurent , Gueugniaud Pierre-Yves , Bravant Estelle , Rabilloud Muriel , Schott Anne-Marie ,   on behalf of the AVC II Trial group*, Saligari Elisabeth , Cailler Samira , Hénniche Adeline , Prost Sylvain , Fournier Carole , Le Loch Jean-Baptiste , Roncoroni Cécile , Verbois Frédéric , Debas Olivier , Tesniere Marc , Bontemps Béatrice , Lavignon Jean-Pierre , Rimet Mathilde , Trinquet Patricia , Millot Thomas , Dumont Odile , Tabyaoui Samir , Ziade Elie , Detante Olivier , Giroud Maurice , Cakmak Serkan , Marcel Sébastien , Blanc-Lasserre Karine , Minier Dominique , Rodier Gilles , Philippeau Frédéric , Vallet Anne-Evelyne 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
A suboptimal number of ischemic stroke patients eligible for thrombolysis actually receive it, partly because of extended inhospital delays. We developed a comprehensive program designed for emergency unit staff and evaluated its effectiveness for reducing intrahospital times and improving access to thrombolysis.

Methods—
We conducted a randomized stepped-wedge controlled trial in 18 emergency unit. The sequentially implemented training intervention, targeting emergency physicians and nurses, was based on specifically designed videos and interactive simulation workshops on intrahospital management optimization. The effectiveness was assessed on intrahospital times and thrombolysis proportion. During the study period, all consecutive patients with confirmed ischemic stroke and no contraindications to thrombolysis were included.

Results—

A total of 328 patients were enrolled in the control group and 363 in the intervention group. Mean age was 73.6 years. Overall thrombolysis proportion was 34.2% in the intervention group versus 25.6% in the control group (adjusted odds ratio, 1.42; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–2.01), thrombolysis proportion within 4 hours 30 minutes almost doubled (adjusted odds ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.32–2.73). Although imaging-to-stroke unit time was significantly decreased in the intervention group (39 versus 53 minutes;
P
=0.03), median door-to-imaging and door-to-needle times were not different between groups (
P
=0.70 and
P
=0.40, respectively).

Conclusions—
An interactive and multifaceted training program targeting emergency professionals was significantly associated with an increased access to thrombolysis, especially within 4 hours and 30 minutes.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02814760.
Neuroimaging Identifies Patients Most Likely to Respond to a Restorative Stroke Therapy
Authors: Cassidy Jessica M. , Tran George , Quinlan Erin B. , Cramer Steven C. 
Published: January 2018

Background and Purpose—
Patient heterogeneity reduces statistical power in clinical trials of restorative therapies. Valid predictors of treatment responsiveness are needed, and several have been studied with a focus on corticospinal tract (CST) injury. We studied performance of 4 such measures for predicting behavioral gains in response to motor training therapy.

Methods—
Patients with subacute-chronic hemiparetic stroke (n=47) received standardized arm motor therapy, and change in arm Fugl-Meyer score was calculated from baseline to 1 month post-therapy. Injury measures calculated from baseline magnetic resonance imaging included (1) percent CST overlap with stroke, (2) CST-related atrophy (cerebral peduncle area), (3) CST integrity (fractional anisotropy) in the cerebral peduncle, and (4) CST integrity in the posterior limb of internal capsule.

Results—

Percent CST overlap with stroke, CST-related atrophy, and CST integrity did not correlate with one another, indicating that these 3 measures captured independent features of CST injury. Percent injury to CST significantly predicted treatment-related behavioral gains (
r
=−0.41;
P
=0.004). The other CST injury measures did not, neither did total infarct volume nor baseline behavioral deficits. When directly comparing patients with mild versus severe injury using the percent CST injury measure, the odds ratio was 15.0 (95% confidence interval, 1.54–147;
P
<0.005) for deriving clinically important treatment-related gains.

Conclusions—
Percent CST injury is useful for predicting motor gains in response to therapy in the setting of subacute-chronic stroke. This measure can be used as an entry criterion or a stratifying variable in restorative stroke trials to increase statistical power, reduce sample size, and reduce the cost of such trials.
Design and Evaluation of Agents that Sequence and Juxtapose Short Musical Patterns in Real Time
Authors: Martin Aengus , Jin Craig T. , Bown Oliver 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe present and discuss the Agent Designer, a system that enables users of digital audio workstations to generate novel high-level structures for their compositions based on previous examples. The system uses variable-order Markov models and rule induction to learn both temporal relations and structural relations between parts in a piece of music. As is usual in machine learning, however, the quality of the learning can be improved greatly by users specifying relevant features. The Agent Designer therefore points to important design and human–computer interaction problems, as well as algorithmic challenges. We present a number of studies that help to understand how effective the Agent Designer is and how we might design a user interface that best enables users to obtain quality results from the system. We show that the Agent Designer is effective for certain musical styles, such as loop-based electronic music, and that we as expert users can design agents that produce the most effective results. We also note that it remains a challenge to automate this process fully.
Constructing an Identity Online: Logging-On as “Catholic”
Authors: Mullan Margaret 
Published: January 2018

This article explores the nature of Catholic identity, as constructed in a Catholic social media site, PhatMass. This study, a month-long virtual ethnography of PhatMass, took place during the significant global Catholic event in February to March of 2013—the former Pope Benedict XVI’s resignation and the new Pope Francis’s election. James Carey’s (1989) ritual view of communication sheds light on PhatMass participant engagement with social media, popular culture, and Catholic identity during these online discussions.
The findings from this ethnography indicate that religion, media, and popular culture meet in the religious, media-using, culture participant who communicates, consumes, or creates meaning through daily ritual on technology. The blend of pop culture content and traditional Catholic beliefs on PhatMass reveals a broader Catholic identity emerging online. The PhatMass conversation provides details about how Catholic identity formation takes place in a world increasingly marked by online communication.
A prototypical non-malignant epithelial model to study genome dynamics and concurrently monitor micro-RNAs and proteins in situ during oncogene-induced senescence
Authors: Komseli Eirini-Stavroula , Pateras Ioannis S. , Krejsgaard Thorbjørn , Stawiski Konrad , Rizou Sophia V. , Polyzos Alexander , Roumelioti Fani-Marlen , Chiourea Maria , Mourkioti Ioanna , Paparouna Eleni , Zampetidis Christos P. , Gumeni Sentiljana , Trougakos Ioannis P. , Pefani Dafni-Eleftheria , O’Neill Eric , Gagos Sarantis , Eliopoulos Aristides G. , Fendler Wojciech , Chowdhury Dipanjan , Bartek Jiri , Gorgoulis Vassilis G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundSenescence is a fundamental biological process implicated in various pathologies, including cancer. Regarding carcinogenesis, senescence signifies, at least in its initial phases, an anti-tumor response that needs to be circumvented for cancer to progress. Micro-RNAs, a subclass of regulatory, non-coding RNAs, participate in senescence regulation. At the subcellular level micro-RNAs, similar to proteins, have been shown to traffic between organelles influencing cellular behavior. The differential function of micro-RNAs relative to their subcellular localization and their role in senescence biology raises concurrentin situanalysis of coding and non-coding gene products in senescent cells as a necessity. However, technical challenges have renderedin situco-detection unfeasible until now.MethodsIn the present report we describe a methodology that bypasses these technical limitations achieving for the first time simultaneous detection of both a micro-RNA and a protein in the biological context of cellular senescence, utilizing the new commercially available SenTraGorTMcompound. The method was applied in a prototypical human non-malignant epithelial model of oncogene-induced senescence that we generated for the purposes of the study. For the characterization of this novel system, we applied a wide range of cellular and molecular techniques, as well as high-throughput analysis of the transcriptome and micro-RNAs.ResultsThis experimental setting has three advantages that are presented and discussed: i) it covers a “gap” in the molecular carcinogenesis field, as almost all correspondingin vitromodels are fibroblast-based, even though the majority of neoplasms have epithelial origin, ii) it recapitulates the precancerous and cancerous phases of epithelial tumorigenesis within a short time frame under the light of natural selection and iii) it uses as an oncogenic signal, the replication licensing factor CDC6, implicated in both DNA replication and transcription when over-expressed, a characteristic that can be exploited to monitor RNA dynamics.ConclusionsConsequently, we demonstrate that our model is optimal for studying the molecular basis of epithelial carcinogenesis shedding light on the tumor-initiating events. The latter may reveal novel molecular targets with clinical benefit. Besides, since this method can be incorporated in a wide range of low, medium or high-throughput image-based approaches, we expect it to be broadly applicable.
Mental health among recent immigrants to Sweden from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union
Authors: Ekblad Solvig 
Published: January 2018

Several European states such as Sweden have become transit countries for migrants, as well as reception countries for an increasing number of young migrants, not only asylum seekers and refugees from beyond Europe but also from the European Union's new members, after the dissolution of the Soviet bloc in 1989 and then the Soviet Union itself in 1991. Over 110000 immigrants from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union resided in Sweden in 2002, although the exact figure is difficult to estimate because of the varied legal status of the migrants. International migration is not a new phenomenon in this part of the world, of course: people have always moved in the search of greater personal safety, among other reasons. However, new groups with new psychosocial needs and demands on the healthcare systems of the host countries will be a challenge. The aim of this article is to give an overview of three sets of empirical data:
•the prevalence of mental disorders among recent immigrants to Sweden from Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union•their access to mental health and social care facilities arising from their legal status•their utilisation of health and social services
Effects of Strength Training on Postpubertal Adolescent Distance Runners
Authors: BLAGROVE RICHARD C. , HOWE LOUIS P. , CUSHION EMILY J. , SPENCE ADAM , HOWATSON GLYN , PEDLAR CHARLES R. , HAYES PHILIP R. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
Strength training activities have consistently been shown to improve running economy (RE) and neuromuscular characteristics, such as force-producing ability and maximal speed, in adult distance runners. However, the effects on adolescent (<18 yr) runners remains elusive. This randomized control trial aimed to examine the effect of strength training on several important physiological and neuromuscular qualities associated with distance running performance.

Methods
Participants (n = 25, 13 female, 17.2 ± 1.2 yr) were paired according to their sex and RE and randomly assigned to a 10-wk strength training group (STG) or a control group who continued their regular training. The STG performed twice weekly sessions of plyometric, sprint, and resistance training in addition to their normal running. Outcome measures included body mass, maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max), speed at V˙O2max, RE (quantified as energy cost), speed at fixed blood lactate concentrations, 20-m sprint, and maximal voluntary contraction during an isometric quarter-squat.

Results
Eighteen participants (STG: n = 9, 16.1 ± 1.1 yr; control group: n = 9, 17.6 ± 1.2 yr) completed the study. The STG displayed small improvements (3.2%–3.7%; effect size (ES), 0.31–0.51) in RE that were inferred as “possibly beneficial” for an average of three submaximal speeds. Trivial or small changes were observed for body composition variables, V˙O2max and speed at V˙O2max; however, the training period provided likely benefits to speed at fixed blood lactate concentrations in both groups. Strength training elicited a very likely benefit and a possible benefit to sprint time (ES, 0.32) and maximal voluntary contraction (ES, 0.86), respectively.

Conclusions
Ten weeks of strength training added to the program of a postpubertal distance runner was highly likely to improve maximal speed and enhances RE by a small extent, without deleterious effects on body composition or other aerobic parameters.
Novel Methods for Reporting of Exercise Dose and Adherence: An Exploratory Analysis
Authors: NILSEN TORMOD S. , SCOTT JESSICA M. , MICHALSKI MEGHAN , CAPACI CATHERINE , THOMAS SAMANTHA , HERNDON JAMES E. , SASSO JOHN , EVES NEIL D. , JONES LEE W. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore whether methods adapted from oncology pharmacological trials have utility in reporting adherence (tolerability) of exercise treatment in cancer.

Methods
Using a retrospective analysis of a randomized trial, 25 prostate cancer patients received an aerobic training regimen of 72 supervised treadmill walking sessions delivered thrice weekly between 55% and 100% of exercise capacity for 24 consecutive weeks. Treatment adherence (tolerability) was assessed using conventional (lost to follow-up and attendance) and exploratory (e.g., permanent discontinuation, dose modification, and relative dose intensity) outcomes.

Results
The mean total cumulative “planned” and “completed” dose was 200.7 ± 47.6 and 153.8 ± 68.8 MET·h, respectively, equating to a mean relative dose intensity of 77% ± 24%. Two patients (8%) were lost to follow-up, and mean attendance was 79%. A total of 6 (24%) of 25 patients permanently discontinued aerobic training before week 24. Aerobic training was interrupted (missing ≥3 consecutive sessions) or dose reduced in a total of 11 (44%) and 24 (96%) patients, respectively; a total 185 (10%) of 1800 training sessions required dose reduction owing to both health-related (all nonserious) and non–health-related adverse events. Eighteen (72%) patients required at least one session to be terminated early; a total of 59 (3%) sessions required early termination.

Conclusions
Novel methods for the conduct and reporting of exercise treatment adherence and tolerability may provide important information beyond conventional metrics in patients with cancer.
Clinical performance metrics of 3D stereoscopic digital mammography compared with 2D digital mammography: observer study
Authors: Daidoji Akiko , Aoki Takatoshi , Murakami Seiichi , Miyata Mari , Fujii Masami , Katsuki Takefumi , Inoue Yuzuru , Tashima Yuko , Nagata Yoshika , Hirata Keiji , Tanaka Fumihiro , Korogi Yukunori 
Published: January 2018

Objective:
To assess the clinical performance of three-dimensional stereoscopic digital mammography (3DsDM) compared with two-dimensional digital mammography (2DDM) for breast lesion diagnosis with jackknife free-response receiver operating characteristics (JAFROC) observer study.

Methods:
40 pairs of standard-dose 2DDM and their 3DsDM images were used for an observer performance study. A total of 18 lesions were identified as the reference standard of actionable breast lesions (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System Category 3 or more) by two breast radiologists. Ratings and locations of “lesions” determined by observers were utilized for assessing the statistical significance of differences between eight radiologists’ performances with the 2DDM images and with the 3DsDM images in jackknife free-response receiver operating characteristic analysis.

Results:
The average figure-of-merit values for all radiologists increased to a statistically significant degree, from 0.859 with the 2DDM images to 0.936 with the 3DsDM images (p &lt; 0.001). The average sensitivity for detecting actionable lesions was improved from 74.3 to 92.4% at a false-positive rate of 0.2 per case by use of the 3DsDM images. The mean reading time per case with 2DDM images was not significantly different from that with 3DsDM images.

Conclusion:
The use of 3DsDM would improve the observer performance for breast lesion without considerably extending the reading time.

Advances in knowledge:
Use of 3DsDM improves radiologists’ performance for breast lesion detection.
Does citizenship education matter?: Young people’s citizenship activity in countries with different citizenship education experience
Authors: Krzywosz-Rynkiewicz Beata , Zalewska Anna M. , Karakatsani Despina 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this article we investigate the relationship between different educational systems and the citizenship activity of young people. We refer to a three-dimensional citizenship model developed by Zalewska and Krzywosz-Rynkiewicz: passive (patriotism and national activity); semi-active (loyalty and civic virtues); and active (political, social personal and action for change). A total of 1719 18-year-old students who almost completed their citizenship education at all levels of schooling, from fourteen European countries, were evaluated using the Citizenship Behavior Questionnaire. The results show that citizenship education is most effective when delivered as a separate subject at two levels of the educational system. However, the above does not apply to two types of citizenship behaviour: (1) personal activity, which flourishes when citizenship education is integrated with other subjects and is delivered at two levels of education; and (2) political activity, which is highest when citizenship education is integrated with other subjects and taught at one level only. The analysed models of citizenship education seem to promote different types of citizenship behaviour. Integration of citizenship education with other subjects enhances the willingness to participate in political life. Teaching citizenship using a mixed intensive model (integrated and as a school subject) is associated with higher levels of personal activity, whereas limiting it a school subject contributes to patriotism.
Reviews Film
Authors: Kristian George , Kristian George , McCaw Megan May , Hamilton Rachel , Hartmann Frederik , Heaton Mark P. , Wright Jonathan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The Age of Shadows (2016) South Korea Director Jee-woon Kim Runtime 140 minutes
Backpack Full of Cash (2016) USA Director Sarah Mondale Runtime 90 minutes
Coming of Age with Kids
Kids (1995) USA Director Larry Clark Runtime 91 minutes
A Missed Objectivity: The Control of Narrative and Women in Straight Outta Compton
Straight Outta Compton (2016) USA Director F. Gary Gray Runtime 167 minutes
The Founder (2016) USA Director John Lee Hancock Runtime 115 minutes
Suicide Squad (2016) USA Director David Ayer Runtime 137 minutes
America and Media in Flux: Todd Haynes’s Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story
Superstar: The Karen Carpenter Story (1988) USA Director Todd Haynes Runtime 43 minutes
What is home? An art-based workshop to explore the physical, relational and wellbeing properties of Home
Authors: Vallejos Elvira Perez , Baker Charley , McGarry Julie , Joyes Emma , Carletti Laura , Bartel Heike , Jacobs Rachel , Gale-Feeny Alice , Higginbottom Roy 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This feasibility study was framed under the notion of creative practices as mutual recovery – the idea that shared creativity, collective experience and mutual benefit can promote resilience in mental health and well-being. The study evaluated the impact of an art-based workshop designed to examine participant’s notions of home. Thematic analysis was used to evaluate the textual data derived from three focus groups. The findings indicate that art-based workshops that incorporate principles of mindfulness can be used to raise awareness of mental health and well-being issues associated with challenging or inadequate notions of home. These workshops provide a forum for reflection and community in which these problematic notions can be meaningfully articulated and communicated and solutions discussed. This type of creative practice supports the notion of mutual recovery health, helps build resilience among residential workforce and thus helps them to better deal with existing problems.