bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Women with epilepsy initiating a progestin IUD: A prospective pilot study of safety and acceptability
Authors: Davis Anne R. , Saadatmand Heva J. , Pack Alison 
Published: September 2016

SummaryObjectiveEffective contraception enables women with epilepsy (WWE) to plan their pregnancies and improve outcomes for themselves and their children. Although popular among all women, complex drug interactions limit the efficacy and safety of oral contraceptives (OCs) for WWE. We sought to explore the safety, acceptability, and pharmacokinetic impact of a progestin‐containing intrauterine device (IUD) in WWE.MethodsWe enrolled 20 women with well‐controlled epilepsy and a stable antiepileptic drug (AED) regimen and who were initiating a progestin‐containing IUD (levonorgestrel 52 mg) in a prospective, observational study. For each AED, we compared the trough concentration before IUD insertion to the trough concentration 3 weeks, and 3 and 6 months later. Participants recorded seizures in a daily paper diary. We compared seizures that occurred during the month before IUD insertion to those occurring in the 6 months thereafter. Participants completed an acceptability questionnaire at 3 and 6 months.ResultsParticipants’ average age was 28 years; 60% were nulligravid. They reported a history of multiple seizure types. During the baseline month, 75% were seizure‐free and the remainder reported between one and three seizures. Fourteen received monotherapy and six received polytherapy. Lamotrigine use was most common (n = 12). AED trough concentrations remained stable during the 6 months after IUD insertion, without clinically meaningful deviations from baseline. Diary data showed that seizure frequency worsened in 3, and remained unchanged in 13 and improved in 4 after IUD insertion. Subjectively, no participant believed the IUD worsened her seizure control. All participants were either somewhat or very satisfied with the IUD throughout the study. All participants continued the IUD use at 6 months. No pregnancies occurred.SignificanceThis pilot study suggests that the progestin‐containing IUD is a safe and acceptable long‐acting contraceptive for WWE.
Intraspecific variation in an Ediacaran skeletal metazoan: Namacalathus from the Nama Group, Namibia
Authors: Penny A. M. , Wood R. A. , Zhuravlev A. Yu. , Curtis A. , Bowyer F. , Tostevin R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractNamacalathus hermanastes is one of the oldest known skeletal metazoans, found in carbonate settings of the terminal Ediacaran (~550–541 million years ago [Ma]). The palaeoecology of this widespread, goblet‐shaped, benthic organism is poorly constrained yet critical for understanding the dynamics of the earliest metazoan communities. Analysis of in situ assemblages from the Nama Group, Namibia (~548–541 Ma), shows that Namacalathus exhibited size variation in response to differing water depths, hydrodynamic conditions and substrate types. In low‐energy, inner ramp environments, Namacalathus attains the largest average sizes but grew in transient, loosely aggregating, monospecific aggregations attached to microbial mats. In high‐energy mid‐ramp reefs, Namacalathus spatially segregated into different palaeoecological habitats with distinct size distributions. In outer ramp environments, individuals were small and formed patchy, dense, monospecific aggregations attached to thin microbial mats. Asexual budding is common in all settings. We infer that variations in size distribution in Namacalathus reflect differences in habitat heterogeneity and stability, including the longevity of mechanically stable substrates and oxic conditions. In the Nama Group, long‐lived skeletal metazoan communities developed within topographically heterogeneous mid‐ramp reefs, which provided diverse mechanically stable microbial substrates in persistently oxic waters, while inner and outer ramp communities were often ephemeral, developing during fleeting episodes of either oxia and/or substrate stability. We conclude that Namacalathus, which forms a component of these communities in the Nama Group, was a generalist that adapted to various palaeoecological habitats within a heterogeneous ecosystem landscape where favourable conditions persisted, and was also able to opportunistically colonise transiently hospitable environments. These early skeletal metazoans colonised previously unoccupied substrates in thrombolitic reefs and other microbial carbonate settings, and while they experienced relatively low levels of interspecific competition, they were nonetheless adapted to the diverse environments and highly dynamic redox conditions present in the terminal Ediacaran.
C reactive protein and depressive symptoms in hemodialysis patients: A questionable association
Authors: Chilcot Joseph , Friedli Karin , Guirguis Ayman , Wellsted David , Farrington Ken , Davenport Andrew 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntroduction: Patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD) on haemodialysis (HD) may have increased C reactive protein (CRP) values and depressive symptoms. There is debate about the strength and nature of previously reported associations. We investigated these issues in a cohort of patients on HD.Methods: We screened for depressive symptoms using two valadiated depression screening tools: the Beck Depression Inventory‐II (BDI‐II), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9). Demographic and clinical correlates of depression symptoms were eveluated in adjusted linear and logistic regression models, which included extra renal comorbidity and high CRP (>5 mg/L).Findings: Three hundred and ninety‐six HD patients were studied; 63.1% male, mean age 63.1 ± 16.4 years, median CRP 6 (5–15) mg/L. Depression scores were similar in those with normal and high CRP (BDI‐II (9(5–17) vs. 11(6–20)) or PHQ (4(2–9) vs. 6(2–10)). In adjusted multivariable regression BDI‐II scores were associated with previous history of depression (β 10.8, P < 0.001), serum albumin (β 0.41, P < 0.001), anuria (β 2.4, P < 0.037), diabetes (β 2.7, P = 0.033), and age (β −0.10, P = 0.009). High CRP was not independently associated with BDI‐II (β 2.20, P = 0.057), though was with PHQ‐9 (β 1.20, P = 0.046). In logistic regression those with high CRP were 1.9 times more likely to score ≥16 on BDI‐II screening (P = 0.016), but did not relate significantly to a PHQ‐score ≥10.Discussion: A relationship was observed between CRP and depression symptoms, though the effect was small, of unlikely clinical significance, and inconsistent between depression measures. Previous reports of this association may reflect overlap between symptoms of depression and advanced CKD.
Enhanced near‐infrared to green upconversion from Er3+‐doped oxyfluoride glass and glass ceramics containing BaGdF5 nanocrystals
Authors: Biswas Kaushik , Balaji Sathravada , Ghosh Debarati , Kalyandurg Annapurna 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this work, effect of glass composition as well as ceramization on visible and near‐infrared (NIR) luminescence properties along with their decay dynamics of Er3+ ions has been compared considering two different oxyfluoride glasses yielding BaF2 and BaGdF5 nanocrystals. Both the glass systems have exhibited an intense normal and upconversion green emission under ultraviolet (378 nm) and NIR (978 nm) excitations, respectively. A remarkable enhancement of these emission intensities is observed for gadolinium‐(Gd) containing glasses. Interestingly, NIR fluorescence intensity from Er3+ ions at 1540 nm has showed marginal decrease in gadolinium‐containing glass which is attributed to occurrence of strong excited‐state absorption (ESA) due to higher fluorine content ensuing an augmentation of upconversion green emission with a concomitant decrease in NIR emission. The quadratic dependence of upconversion green emission intensity on its pump power for all the samples revealed biphotonic absorption process from ground‐state 4I15/2 to the excited‐state 4I11/2 followed by ESA of second photon to the 4F7/2 level. The intense green upconversion emission as well as enhanced NIR fluorescence lifetimes indicate the suitability of these glass/glass ceramics for upconversion lasers and amplification in the third telecom window.
The effects of under‐skilling on need for recovery, losing employment and retirement intentions among older office workers: A prospective cohort study
Authors: GOMMANS Fleur G. , JANSEN Nicole W.H. , STYNEN Dave , KANT IJmert , de GRIP Andries 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBased on a sample of older workers from the Maastricht Cohort Study, the authors investigate the prevalence and dynamics of self‐reported under‐skilling and its effects on workers' need for recovery, their risk of losing employment and their retirement intentions over a two‐year period. They find that being under‐skilled is associated both with higher levels of need for recovery over time and with the risk of losing employment, but not with early retirement intentions. To achieve sustainable employment, they argue, the course of under‐skilling should be monitored throughout workers' careers, enabling timely interventions to avoid its negative consequences.
Motivational aftercare planning to better care: Applying the principles of advanced directives and motivational interviewing to discharge planning for people with mental illness
Authors: Kisely Steve , Wyder Marianne , Dietrich Josie , Robinson Gail , Siskind Dan , Crompton David 
Published: September 2016

AbstractImproving the input of people with mental illness into their recovery plans can potentially lead to better outcomes. In the present study, we evaluated the introduction of motivational aftercare planning (MAP) into the discharge planning of psychiatric inpatients. MAP is a manualized intervention combining motivational interviewing with advance directives. We measured changes in the level of patient input into discharge planning following training staff in the use of MAP. This included the following: (i) documentation of early relapse signs along with successful past responses; (ii) evidence of aftercare planning; and (iii) the use of the patients' own words in the plan. We used a ward‐level controlled before‐and‐after design comparing one intervention ward with two control wards. We used anonymized recovery plans, with a goal of 50 plans per ward before and after the intervention, to look for evidence of patient input into care planning with a standardized checklist. There were also qualitative interviews with individuals discharged from the unit. We reviewed 100 intervention ward plans and 197 control ones (total n = 297). There were no significant differences in recovery plans from intervention and control wards at baseline. Following MAP training, the intervention ward improved significantly (e.g. identification of triggers increased from 52 to 94%, χ2 = 23.3, d.f. =1, P < 0.001). This did not occur in the control wards. The qualitative data (n = 20 interviews) showed improvements in participants' experiences of discharge planning. MAP increased inpatient input into discharge planning and was valued by participants. The effect on subsequent health service use needs evaluation.
The effect of an educational pre‐operative DVD on parents’ and children's outcomes after a same‐day surgery: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Chartrand Julie , Tourigny Jocelyne , MacCormick Johnna 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimsTo examine the effect of a pre‐operative DVD on parents’ knowledge, participation and anxiety and on children's distress, pain, analgesic requirements and length of recovery after same‐day surgery.BackgroundVery few parents are adequately prepared to participate in their child's care during a same‐day surgery. An educational DVD was developed to educate parents on how to actively support their child in the recovery room.DesignSingle‐blind, post‐test randomized controlled trial. Study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02766452.MethodsBetween September 2011–September 2012, 123 parent–child dyads where the child underwent an ENT or dental same‐day surgery were recruited in a Canadian paediatric hospital. Dyads were randomly assigned to either the intervention (DVD and standard preparation) or control group (standard preparation). Parents and children were videotaped in the recovery room where parental participation and anxiety and children's distress were measured. Data on parents’ knowledge, children's postoperative pain, analgesic requirements and length of recovery were measured. Independent and paired t‐tests, chi square and repeated measures anova were used to analyse the data.ResultsParents in the intervention group gained greater knowledge of and used more positive reinforcement and distraction and relaxation methods than those in the control group. Children's postoperative pain in the day‐care surgery unit was significantly lower among the intervention group compared with the control group.ConclusionA pre‐operative DVD can increase parents’ participation in the recovery room and decrease children's postoperative pain.
Understanding interprofessional collaboration in the context of chronic disease management for older adults living in communities: a concept analysis
Authors: Bookey‐Bassett Sue , Markle‐Reid Maureen , Mckey Colleen A. , Akhtar‐Danesh Noori 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimTo report a concept analysis of interprofessional collaboration in the context of chronic disease management, for older adults living in communities.BackgroundIncreasing prevalence of chronic disease among older adults is creating significant burden for patients, families and healthcare systems. Managing chronic disease for older adults living in the community requires interprofessional collaboration across different health and other care providers, organizations and sectors. However, there is a lack of consensus about the definition and use of interprofessional collaboration for community‐based chronic disease management.DesignConcept analysis.Data sourcesElectronic databases CINAHL, Medline, HealthStar, EMBASE, PsychINFO, Ageline and Cochrane Database were searched from 2000 ‐ 2013.MethodsRodgers' evolutionary method for concept analysis.ResultsThe most common surrogate term was interdisciplinary collaboration. Related terms were interprofessional team, multidisciplinary team and teamwork. Attributes included: an evolving interpersonal process; shared goals, decision‐making and care planning; interdependence; effective and frequent communication; evaluation of team processes; involving older adults and family members in the team; and diverse and flexible team membership. Antecedents comprised: role awareness; interprofessional education; trust between team members; belief that interprofessional collaboration improves care; and organizational support. Consequences included impacts on team composition and function, care planning processes and providers' knowledge, confidence and job satisfaction.ConclusionInterprofessional collaboration is a complex evolving concept. Key components of interprofessional collaboration in chronic disease management for community‐living older adults are identified. Implications for nursing practice, education and research are proposed.
CONSIDER – Core Outcome Set in IAD Research: study protocol for establishing a core set of outcomes and measurements in incontinence‐associated dermatitis research
Authors: Van den Bussche Karen , De Meyer Dorien , Van Damme Nele , Kottner Jan , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThis study protocol describes the methodology for the development of a core set of outcomes and a core set of measurements for incontinence‐associated dermatitis.BackgroundIncontinence is a widespread disorder with an important impact on quality of life. One of the most common complications is incontinence‐associated dermatitis, resulting from chemical and physical irritation of the skin barrier, triggering inflammation and skin damage. Managing incontinence‐associated dermatitis is an important challenge for nurses. Several interventions have been assessed in clinical trials, but heterogeneity in study outcomes complicates the comparability and standardization. To overcome this challenge, the development of a core outcome set, a minimum set of outcomes and measurements to be assessed in clinical research, is needed.DesignA project team, International Steering Committee and panelists will be involved to guide the development of the core outcome set. The framework of the Harmonizing Outcomes Measures for Eczema roadmap endorsed by Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcomes Set Initiative, is used to inform the project design.MethodsA systematic literature review, interviews to integrate the patients' perspective and a consensus study with healthcare researchers and providers using the Delphi procedure will be performed. The project was approved by the Ethics review Committee (April 2016).DiscussionThis is the first project that will identify a core outcome set of outcomes and measurements for incontinence‐associated dermatitis research. A core outcome set will reduce possible reporting bias, allow results comparisons and statistical pooling across trials and strengthen evidence‐based practice and decision‐making.RegistrationThis project has been registered in the Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET) database and is part of the Cochrane Skin Group Core Outcomes Set Initiative (CSG‐COUSIN).
PROTECT – trial: a multicentre prospective pragmatic RCT and health economic analysis of the effect of tailored repositioning to prevent pressure ulcers – study protocol
Authors: De Meyer Dorien , Van Damme Nele , Van den Bussche Karen , Van Hecke Ann , Verhaeghe Sofie , Beeckman Dimitri 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThe aims of this trial were as follows: (1) to compare the (cost‐) effectiveness of a turning and repositioning system and an algorithm for a tailored repositioning vs. usual care to improve reposition frequency in patients at risk; and (2) to compare the (cost‐) effectiveness of standardized incontinence care vs. usual care.BackgroundPressure ulcers are a serious and common problem for hospitalized patients. In many countries, pressure ulcers are recognized as a national health issue and governments designate pressure ulcers as one of the most important sentinel events for health care. International guidelines recommend the use of pressure redistributing support surfaces, systematic patient repositioning and preventive skin care to prevent pressure ulcers. Interventions should be patient‐tailored and based on a thorough assessment of both the patient and contextual risk factors. There is a lack of rigorous research addressing the effectiveness of a turning and repositioning system and it is unclear how to tailor the frequency and posture to specific patient needs.DesignMulticentre, cluster, three‐arm, randomized, controlled pragmatic trial and a cost‐effectiveness analysis. The ward is the unit of randomization.MethodsTailored repositioning, the use of a device to facilitate patient repositioning and an optimal procedure for incontinence care will be combined. Participating wards will be intensive care units, geriatric and rehabilitation wards. A sample size calculation was performed (80% power, α = 0·05). This study is approved by the Ethics Committee (February 2016).DiscussionData collection is currently ongoing. The results are expected to be obtained in March 2017.
Is Family Control Relevant for Corporate Cash Holding Policy?
Authors: Durán Rodrigo F. , Lozano M. Belén , Yaman Serhat 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis empirical research examines the effect of family control on firms’ cash holding policy. Using a sample of Western European firms, we confirm the precautionary motive for holding cash as family‐controlled firms’ desire to perpetuate the family legacy for future generations motivates them to accumulate more cash than their non‐family counterparts. We also show that, given family‐controlled firms’ long‐term perspective, they focus on cash flow volatility rather than cash flow level. Finally, the relation between financing constraints and cash holdings is not homogeneous: financially constrained family‐controlled firms hold higher levels of cash than financially constrained non‐family firms. Overall, these results suggest that family firms’ cash holding policy is the result not of a specific financial outcome but rather on the strategic objectives of the firm.
DSM‐IV, DSM‐5, and ICD‐11: Identifying children with posttraumatic stress disorder after disasters
Authors: Danzi BreAnne A. , La Greca Annette M. 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundDifferent criteria for diagnosing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have been recommended by the 5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) and the proposed 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐11). Although children are vulnerable to PTSD following disasters, little is known about whether these revised criteria are appropriate for preadolescents, as diagnostic revisions have been based primarily on adult research. This study investigated rates of PTSD using DSM‐IV, DSM‐5, and ICD‐11 diagnostic criteria, and their associations with symptom severity, impairment, and PTSD risk factors.MethodsChildren (7–11 years) exposed to Hurricanes Ike (n = 327) or Charley (n = 383) completed measures 8–9 months postdisaster. Using diagnostic algorithms for DSM‐IV, DSM‐5, and ICD‐11, rates of ‘probable’ PTSD were calculated.ResultsAcross samples, rates of PTSD were similar. However, there was low agreement across the diagnostic systems, with about a third overlap in identified cases. Children identified only by ICD‐11 had higher ‘core’ symptom severity but lower impairment than children identified only by DSM‐IV or DSM‐5. ICD‐11 was associated with more established risk factors for PTSD than was DSM‐5.ConclusionsFindings revealed differences in PTSD diagnosis across major diagnostic systems for preadolescent children, with no clear advantage to any one system. Further research on developmentally sensitive PTSD criteria for preadolescent children is needed.
Radicalize Multiculturalism? Garifuna Activism and the Double‐Bind of Participation in Postcoup Honduras
Authors: Loperena Christopher 
Published: September 2016

ResumenEn este artículo analizo la resistencia Garífuna ante el golpe de estado contra Manuel Rosales Zelaya. Me baso en entrevistas y conversaciones con activistas y observación participante en las protestas contra el golpe de estado en Tegucigalpa con el fin de explorar el significado y los objetivos de la resistencia cultural Garífuna en el periodo post‐golpe. Argumento que la etnopolítica sirve para reforzar y desafiar las representaciones dominantes de la subjetividad folklórica Garífuna, las cuales son ampliamente diseminadas por la propaganda turística y la construcción de la identidad nacional por políticas multiculturales. También subrayo la forma en que los activistas Garífunas articularon sus demandas para la autonomía y los derechos territoriales con los objetivos del movimiento de resistencia nacional. Participación Garífuna en la Resistencia brindó la oportunidad de ser reconocidos como sujetos políticos—no como objetos—y para aspirar a otra Honduras dentro de este movimiento multiétnico emergente.