bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous determination of eight alkaloids and oleandrin in herbal cosmetics by dispersive solid‐phase extraction coupled with ultra high performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Xun Zhiqing , Liu Donghong , Huang Rongrong , He Shuang , Hu Du , Guo Xindong , Xian Yanping 
Published: March 2017

We utilized ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry and dispersive solid‐phase extraction to develop a new method for the detection of nine analytes (scopolamine, cephaeline, strychnine, hyoscyamine, brucine, hydrastine, ajmalicine, colchicine, and oleandrin) in herbal cosmetics. Acetonitrile/water and 2‐propylaminoethylamine were used to disperse and purify during the dispersive solid‐phase extraction step. The analytes were separated by a Waters UPLC HSS T3 column and detected through electrospray ionization source in the positive mode with multi‐reaction monitoring conditions. Under the optimal conditions, the calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.2–100.0 μg/L with the correlation coefficients higher than 0.995. The method limit of quantitation (S/N = 10) were 5.0 μg/kg for oleandrin and 1.0 μg/kg for the other eight alkaloids. The mean recoveries at three spiked concentration levels of 1.0–10.0 μg/kg were in the range of 86.9–116.5% with the intra‐day relative standard deviations (n = 6) ranging from 2.4 to 8.8%, and inter‐day relative standard deviations ranging from 2.7 to 5.7%. This method is accurate, simple and rapid, and has been applied to the quality supervision of herbal cosmetics in Guangzhou.
High‐throughput gas chromatography for volatile compounds analysis by fast temperature programming and adsorption chromatography
Authors: Gras Ronda , Hua Yujuan , Luong Jim 
Published: March 2017

The synergy of combining fast temperature programming capability and adsorption chromatography using fused silica based porous layer open tubular columns to achieve high throughput chromatography for the separation of volatile compounds is presented. A gas chromatograph with built‐in fast temperature programming capability and having a fast cool down rate was used as a platform. When these performance features were combined with the high degree of selectivity and strong retention characteristic of porous layer open tubular column technology, volatile compounds such as light hydrocarbons of up to C7, primary alcohols, and mercaptans can be well separated and analyzed in a matter of minutes. This analytical approach substantially improves sample throughput by at least a factor of ten times when compared to published methodologies. In addition, the use of porous layer open tubular columns advantageously eliminates the need for costly and time‐consuming cryogenic gas chromatography required for the separation of highly volatile compounds by partition chromatography with wall coated open tubular column technology. Relative standard deviations of retention time for model compounds such as alkanes from methane to hexane were found to be less than 0.3% (n = 10) and less than 0.5% for area counts for the compounds tested at two levels of concentration by manual injection, namely, 10 and 1000 ppm v/v (n = 10). Difficult separations were accomplished in one single analysis in less than 2 min such as the characterization of 17 components in cracked gas containing alkanes, alkenes, dienes, branched hydrocarbons, and cyclic hydrocarbons.
Effect of environmental factors (wave exposure and depth) and anthropogenic pressure in the C sink capacity of Posidonia oceanica meadows
Authors: Mazarrasa Inés , Marbà Núria , Garcia‐Orellana Jordi , Masqué Pere , Arias‐Ortiz Ariane , Duarte Carlos M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractSeagrass are among the most important natural carbon sinks on Earth with Posidonia oceanica (Mediterranean Sea) considered as the most relevant species. Yet, the number of direct measurements of organic carbon burial rates in P. oceanica is still scarce and the effect of local environmental factors remains largely unexplored. In addition, P. oceanica meadows are declining due to the increase in anthropogenic pressure in coastal areas during the last century. The aim of this study is to assess the recent carbon sink capacity of P. oceanica and particularly the effect of human pressure and two environmental factors, water depth and exposure to wave energy (based on a fetch index), on the carbon burial rate since 1900. We conducted an extensive survey of sediment cores in meadows distributed across a gradient of depth, fetch, and human pressure around The Balearic Islands. Sediment and carbon accumulation rates were obtained from 210Pb concentrations profiles. Top‐30 centimeters carbon stocks (6.1 ± 1.4 kg C m−2) and burial rates (26 ± 6 g C m−2 yr1) varied up to fivefold across meadows. No significant effect of water depth in carbon burial rates was observed. Although fetch was significantly correlated with sediment mean grain size, confirming the effect of wave exposure in the patterns of sedimentation, fetch alone could not explain the differences in carbon burial rates among the meadows examined. Human pressure affected carbon burial rates, leading to increased rates since the onset of the rise in anthropogenic pressure, particularly so in sheltered meadows supporting high human pressure.
Intraoperative optical coherence tomography for soft tissue sarcoma differentiation and margin identification
Authors: Mesa Kelly J. , Selmic Laura E. , Pande Paritosh , Monroy Guillermo L. , Reagan Jennifer , Samuelson Jonathan , Driskell Elizabeth , Li Joanne , Marjanovic Marina , Chaney Eric J. , Boppart Stephen A. 
Published: March 2017

Background and ObjectiveSarcomas are rare but highly aggressive tumors, and local recurrence after surgical excision can occur in up to 50% cases. Therefore, there is a strong clinical need for accurate tissue differentiation and margin assessment to reduce incomplete resection and local recurrence. The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a novel image texture‐based processing algorithm to differentiate sarcoma from muscle and adipose tissue.Study Design and MethodsIn this study, tumor margin delineation in 19 feline and canine veterinary patients was achieved with intraoperative OCT to help validate tumor resection. While differentiation of lower‐scattering adipose tissue from higher‐scattering muscle and tumor tissue was relatively straightforward, it was more challenging to distinguish between dense highly scattering muscle and tumor tissue types based on scattering intensity and microstructural features alone. To improve tissue‐type differentiation in a more objective and automated manner, three descriptive statistical metrics, namely the coefficient of variation (CV), standard deviation (STD), and Range, were implemented in a custom algorithm applied to the OCT images.ResultsOver 22,800 OCT images were collected intraoperatively from over 38 sites on 19 ex vivo tissue specimens removed during sarcoma surgeries. Following the generation of an initial set of OCT images correlated with standard hematoxylin and eosin‐stained histopathology, over 760 images were subsequently used for automated analysis. Using texture‐based image processing metrics, OCT images of sarcoma, muscle, and adipose tissue were all found to be statistically different from one another (P ≤ 0.001).ConclusionThese results demonstrate the potential of using intraoperative OCT, along with an automated tissue differentiation algorithm, as a guidance tool for soft tissue sarcoma margin delineation in the operating room. Lasers Surg. Med. 49:240–248, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Microbial players and processes involved in phytoplankton bloom utilization in the water column of a fast‐flowing, river‐dominated estuary
Authors: Smith Maria W. , Herfort Lydie , Fortunato Caroline S. , Crump Byron C. , Simon Holly M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFueled by seasonal phytoplankton blooms, the Columbia River estuary is a natural bioreactor for organic matter transformations. Prior metagenome analyses indicated high abundances of diverse Bacteroidetes taxa in estuarine samples containing phytoplankton. To examine the hypothesis that Bacteroidetes taxa have important roles in phytoplankton turnover, we further analyzed metagenomes from water collected along a salinity gradient at 0, 5, 15, 25, and 33 PSU during bloom events. Size fractions were obtained by using a 3‐μm prefilter and 0.2‐μm collection filter. Although this approach targeted bacteria by removing comparatively large eukaryotic cells, the metagenome from the ES‐5 sample (5 PSU) nevertheless contained an abundance of diatom DNA. Biogeochemical measurements and prior studies indicated that this finding resulted from the leakage of cellular material due to freshwater diatom lysis at low salinity. Relative to the other metagenomes, the bacterial fraction of ES‐5 was dramatically depleted of genes annotated as Bacteroidetes and lysogenic bacteriophages, but was overrepresented in DNA of protists and Myxococcales bacterivores. We suggest the following equally plausible scenarios for the microbial response to phytoplankton lysis: (1) Bacteroidetes depletion in the free‐living fraction may at least in part be caused by their attachment to fluvial diatoms as the latter are lysed upon contact with low‐salinity estuarine waters; (2) diatom particle colonization is likely followed by rapid bacterial growth and lytic phage infection, resulting in depletion of lysogenic bacteriophages and host bacteria; and (3) the subsequent availability of labile organic matter attracted both grazers and predators to feed in this estuarine biogeochemical “hotspot,” which may have additionally depleted Bacteroidetes populations. These results represent the first detailed molecular analysis of the microbial response to phytoplankton lysis at the freshwater–brackish water interface in the fast‐flowing Columbia River estuary.
The systematic review and meta‐analysis of free flap safety in the elderly patients
Authors: Üstün Galip Gencay , Aksu Ali Emre , Uzun Hakan , Bitik Ozan 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundProlonged mean life expectancy gives rise to a more populated and older patient group. With increasing number of cases during the past decades, older patients are regarded as candidates for microsurgical interventions. Whether advanced patient age is an independent risk factor for microsurgical reconstruction is still an ongoing matter of debate.MethodsThe Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL and EMBASE databases were screened for combination of the key words “elderly”, “geriatric”, “advanced age”, “free flap”, “microsurgery”, free tissue transfer" by using time limits between 1989 and 2015.ResultsAccording to results of the meta‐analysis, there was no significant difference in the flap success rates(P =.39, CI = 0.848 to 2.329) and surgical complication rates (P = .83, CI = 0.792 to 1.163) between the young and elderly patient groups. However, the systemic complication rates(P = .02, CI = 1.468 to 3.572), preoperative ASA scores(P < .0001, CI = 0.342 to 1.078), and mortality rates (P = .03, CI = 2.636 to 9.055) were found to be significantly higher in the elderly patients.ConclusionsAlthough an increased rate of systemic complications and mortality has been associated with advanced age, our study results showed no significant difference between the flap success rates and surgical complications. A successful reduction in systemic complications would bring the risk level of reconstructive microsurgical interventions of the elderly patient group to the level of the young patient group. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:442–450, 2017.
Genetic determinants of adiponectin regulation revealed by pregnancy
Authors: Hivert Marie‐France , Scholtens Denise M. , Allard Catherine , Nodzenski Michael , Bouchard Luigi , Brisson Diane , Lowe Lynn P. , McDowell Ian , Reddy Tim , Dastani Zari , Richards J. Brent , Hayes M. Geoffrey , Lowe William L. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThis study investigated genetic determinants of adiponectin during pregnancy to reveal novel biology of adipocyte regulation.MethodsA genome‐wide association study was conducted in 1,322 pregnant women from the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome Study with adiponectin measured at ∼28 weeks of gestation. Variants reaching P < 5×10−5 for de novo genotyping in two replication cohorts (Genetics of Glycemic regulation in Gestation and Growth N = 522; ECOGENE‐21 N = 174) were selected.ResultsIn the combined meta‐analysis, the maternal T allele of rs900400 located on chr3q25 (near LEKR1/CCNL1) was associated with lower maternal adiponectin (β ± standard error [SE] = −0.18 ± 0.03 standard deviation [SD] of adiponectin per risk allele; P = 1.5
10−8; N = 2,004; multivariable adjusted models). In contrast, rs900400 showed only nominal association with adiponectin in a large sample of nonpregnant women (β ± SE = −0.012 ± 0.006; P = 0.05; N = 16,678 women from the ADIPOgen consortium). The offspring rs900400 T risk allele was associated with greater neonatal skinfold thickness (β ±SE = 0.19 ± 0.04 SD per risk allele; P = 4.1×10−8; N = 1,489) and higher cord blood leptin (β ± SE = 0.28 ± 0.05 log‐leptin per risk allele; P = 8.2
10−9; N = 502), but not with cord blood adiponectin (P = 0.23; N = 495). The T allele of rs900400 was associated with higher expression of TIPARP in adipocytes.ConclusionsThese investigations of adipokines during pregnancy and early life suggest that rs900400 has a role in adipocyte function.
Efficient Discovery of Quality Control Markers for Gastrodia elata Tuber by Fingerprint‐Efficacy Relationship Modelling
Authors: Li Mingfang , Du Yuan , Wang Long , Jiang Lilong , Ma Xiaodong , Zhou Ping , Li Ping , Li Huijun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionGastrodia elata tuber (GET) has been widely used in China as a famous herbal medicine. However, the quality control markers (QCMs) for GET still need further investigation.ObjectiveTo develop a rational strategy based on fingerprint‐efficacy relationship modelling to discover the efficacy‐related QCMs, using GET as a case study.MethodologyThe high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) fingerprints of 13 batches of GET extracts were established and 10 common peaks were structurally characterised by HPLC coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (QTOF‐MS). The neuroprotective effects of GET samples were evaluated using the in vitro model of β‐amyloid peptide (Aβ25–35)‐induced PC12 cell death. The fingerprint‐efficacy relationship of chemical fingerprints and neuroprotective effects was linked by orthogonal projection to latent structure‐discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA) model.ResultsThe chemical combination of 5‐hydroxymethyl‐2‐furaldehyde (5‐HMF), parishin B (PB) and parishin C (PC) was discovered and confirmed as QCMs of GET by the OPLS‐DA method. The selected QCMs allowed to evaluate the relative quality of GET samples.ConclusionThis study has demonstrated that the rational strategy based on fingerprint‐efficacy relationship modelling might be generally applicable for the quality control of herbal medicines. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Calculation of standard viscoelastic responses with multiple retardation times through analysis of static force spectroscopy AFM data
Authors: López‐Guerra Enrique A. , Eslami Babak , Solares Santiago D. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTWe explore the physics of an atomic force microscopy (AFM) cantilever tip interacting with a generalized viscoelastic sample containing an arbitrary number of characteristic times, when the cantilever's base is driven with constant velocity toward the sample. This mode of operation, often called static force spectroscopy (SFS), can be harnessed to thoroughly analyze time‐dependent viscoelastic information frequently overlooked in experiments. We generalize the solution of previous authors who have studied the standard linear solid model, and offer a solution applicable to any linear viscoelastic model. This generalization is crucial for the prediction of the model's response over wide ranges of time‐scale. As a demonstration, successful predictions of harmonic functions (e.g., loss tangent) over a wide frequency range are obtained through analysis of simulated SFS results. In addition, we show that analysis through the generalized solution and previous expressions is no longer valid when the force does not grow linearly in time, so we also deliver an alternate route for extracting the viscoelastic information, which does not rely on the force linearity assumption. Despite the large amount of theoretical content (included for theoretical rigor's sake), the practical user can also benefit from the new procedures offered and the corresponding explanations. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 804–813
Fear of cancer recurrence: a significant concern among partners of prostate cancer survivors
Authors: van de Wal Marieke , Langenberg Simône , Gielissen Marieke , Thewes Belinda , van Oort Inge , Prins Judith 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aims of the study were to (1) describe the prevalence of fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) in partners of prostate cancer (PCa) survivors; (2) to compare the proportions of high FCR in partners with high FCR in PCa survivors; (3) to explore partners' demographic and survivors' clinical characteristics associated with high FCR in partners; and (4) to identify the relationship between high FCR and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in partners.MethodsQuestionnaires were sent to partners of disease‐free PCa survivors. Outcomes included FCR severity (Cancer Worry Scale [CWS]) and HRQoL (RAND‐36). The t and chi‐square tests were used to compare partner FCR with survivor FCR. Regression analyses were performed to determine if demographic and clinical characteristics were significantly associated with partner FCR. The multivariate analysis of variance identified differences in HRQoL between partners with high and low FCR.ResultsQuestionnaires were completed by 168 partners. Mean levels of FCR were comparable between partners and survivors (P = .144). Thirty‐five percent of partners reported high FCR (CWS ≥ 14) compared to 38% of PCa survivors (CWS ≥ 13) (P = .542). Higher survivor FCR and younger partner age were significantly associated with higher partner FCR. Partners with high FCR scored significantly lower on social functioning, emotional role functioning, mental health, general health, and vitality than those with low FCR (all P < .05).ConclusionsFindings from this study illustrate that FCR is a significant concern for partners of PCa survivors. Clinicians should be aware of partner FCR when delivering care to men with PCa.
Dual role as a protective factor for burnout‐related depersonalization in oncologists
Authors: He Yi , Pang Ying , Zhang Yening , Fielding Richard , Tang Lili 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeThis study compared self‐reported burnout between dual‐role oncologists (oncologists who also do psychosocial work) and single‐role oncologists, to explore if dual role is protective against or a risk factor for burnout.MethodsDual‐role oncologists from across China (n = 131) were consecutively recruited via the Chinese Psychosocial Oncology Society and asked to identify single‐role oncologist peers (n = 168) working in the same institution. Participants completed an anonymous online questionnaire, which included measures of demographic and work characteristics, Maslach Burnout Inventory–Human Services Survey, the Short Version Effort‐Reward Inventory, the Job Demands‐Resources (JD‐R) Scales, and Work and Meaning Inventory. Fully adjusted multivariate analyses compared burnout scores for the 2 groups.ResultsGroup analysis revealed single‐role participants' scores indicated significantly poorer performance than dual‐role participants for depersonalization (DP), work‐family conflict (JD‐R demands scale), and decision authority (JD‐R scale). Single‐role participants showed an increased risk of DP. Higher effort‐reward imbalance ratio predicted greater DP in single‐, dual‐role and pooled participants, and emotional exhaustion (EE) in pooled‐ and dual‐role participants. Overcommitment was independently associated with EE in all 3 groupings, with JD‐R scores among pooled‐ and dual‐role groups, while higher decision authority scores were associated with decreased EE. Work and Meaning Inventory was associated with a decreased risk of DP among pooled and dual‐role participants.ConclusionDifferences in burnout‐related DP scores between dual‐ and single‐role oncologists are consistent with a protective effect from a psychosocial orientation in oncologists.
Psychological and clinical correlates of posttraumatic growth in cancer: A systematic and critical review
Authors: Casellas‐Grau Anna , Ochoa Cristian , Ruini Chiara 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study is to describe major findings on posttraumatic growth (PTG) in cancer, by analyzing its various definitions, assessment tools, and examining its main psychological and clinical correlates.MethodsA search in relevant databases (PsycINFO, Pubmed, ProQuest, Scopus, and Web of Science) was performed using descriptors related to the positive reactions in cancer. Articles were screened by title, abstract, and full text.ResultsSeventy‐two met the inclusion criteria. Most articles (46%) focused on breast cancer, used the PTG inventory (76%), and had a cross‐sectional design (68%). The PTG resulted inversely associated with depressive and anxious symptoms and directly related to hope, optimism, spirituality, and meaning. Illness‐related variables have been poorly investigated compared to psychological ones. Articles found no relationship between cancer site, cancer surgery, cancer recurrence, and PTG. Some correlations emerged with the elapsed time since diagnosis, type of oncological treatment received, and cancer stage. Only few studies differentiated illness‐related–life‐threatening stressors from other forms of trauma, and the potentially different mechanisms connected with PTG outcome in cancer patients.ConclusionsThe evaluation of PTG in cancer patients is worthy, because it may promote a better adaption to the illness. However, many investigations do not explicitly refer to the medical nature of the trauma, and they may have not completely captured the full spectrum of positive reactions in cancer patients. Future research should better investigate issues such as health attitudes; the risks of future recurrences; and the type, quality, and efficacy of medical treatments received and their influence on PTG in cancer patients.