bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of PANI–PVA Composite Conductive Coatings Doped with Different Acid
Authors: Wang Xiao Hua , Tang Qi , Mu Yuan Hua , Li Chuan Qiang 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe polyaniline–polyvinyl alcohol (PANI–PVA) composite conductive coatings were prepared by using PVA as the base material and doping with hydrochloride (HCl), dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA), and aminosulfonic acid (NH2SO3H) aqueous solution. The influences of mass ratio between PANI and PVA, acid content, oxidant (ammonium persulfate, APS) content, reaction time, and drying temperature of film on the conductivity of coating film were studied. The result shows that in case the mass percentage of PVA is 40% and the drying temperature of film is 80℃, the conductivity of coating film has the highest conductivity. In case C(HC1) is 0.5 mol⋅L−1, the reaction time is 6 h, and n(APS/An) is 1.0, the maximum conductivity of HCl–PANI–PVA coating film is 1500 S⋅m−1; in case C(DBSA) is 1.0 mol⋅L−1, the reaction time is 8 h, and the n(APS/An) is 2.0, the maximum conductivity of DBSA–PANI–PVA coating film is 710 S⋅m−1; in case C(NH2SO3H) is 1.0 mol⋅L−1, the reaction time is 6 h, and the n(APS/An) is 2.0, the maximum conductivity of NH2SO3H–PANI–PVA coating film is 200 S⋅m−1. Among these PANI–PVA composite conductive coatings, the conductivity of HCl–PANI–PVA coating film is the highest. At the same time, the structure and conductive mechanism of composite materials were characterized and analyzed through infrared and ultraviolet spectrum and scanning electron microscopy.
A Multisite‐Binding Switchable Fluorescent Probe for Monitoring Mitochondrial ATP Level Fluctuation in Live Cells
Authors: Wang Lu , Yuan Lin , Zeng Xian , Peng Juanjuan , Ni Yong , Er Jun Cheng , Xu Wang , Agrawalla Bikram Keshari , Su Dongdong , Kim Beomsue , Chang Young‐Tae 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAdenosine triphosphate (ATP), commonly produced in mitochondria, is required by almost all the living organisms; thus fluorescent probes for monitoring mitochondrial ATP levels fluctuation are essential and highly desired. Herein, we report a multisite‐binding switchable fluorescent probe, ATP‐Red 1, which selectively and rapidly responds to intracellular concentrations of ATP. Live‐cell imaging indicated that ATP‐Red 1 mainly localized to mitochondria with good biocompatibility and membrane penetration. In particular, with the help of ATP‐Red 1, we successfully observed not only the decreased mitochondrial ATP levels in the presence of KCN and starvation state, but also the increased mitochondrial ATP levels in the early stage of cell apoptosis. These results indicate that ATP‐Red 1 is a useful tool for investigating ATP‐relevant biological processes.
A Catalytic DNA Activated by a Specific Strain of Bacterial Pathogen
Authors: Shen Zhifa , Wu Zaisheng , Chang Dingran , Zhang Wenqing , Tram Kha , Lee Christine , Kim Peter , Salena Bruno J. , Li Yingfu 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPathogenic strains of bacteria are known to cause various infectious diseases and there is a growing demand for molecular probes that can selectively recognize them. Here we report a special DNAzyme (catalytic DNA), RFD‐CD1, that shows exquisite specificity for a pathogenic strain of Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). RFD‐CD1 was derived by an in vitro selection approach where a random‐sequence DNA library was allowed to react with an unpurified molecular mixture derived from this strain of C. difficle, coupled with a subtractive selection strategy to eliminate cross‐reactivities to unintended C. difficile strains and other bacteria species. RFD‐CD1 is activated by a truncated version of TcdC, a transcription factor, that is unique to the targeted strain of C. difficle. Our study demonstrates for the first time that in vitro selection offers an effective approach for deriving functional nucleic acid probes that are capable of achieving strain‐specific recognition of bacterial pathogens.
Asymmetric Synthesis of Spiropyrazolones by Sequential Organo‐ and Silver Catalysis
Authors: Hack Daniel , Dürr Alexander B. , Deckers Kristina , Chauhan Pankaj , Seling Nico , Rübenach Lukas , Mertens Lucas , Raabe Gerhard , Schoenebeck Franziska , Enders Dieter 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA stereoselective one‐pot synthesis of spiropyrazolones through an organocatalytic asymmetric Michael addition and a formal Conia‐ene reaction has been developed. Depending on the nitroalkene, the 5‐exo‐dig‐cyclization could be achieved by silver‐catalyzed alkyne activation or by oxidation of the intermediate enolate. The mechanistic pathways have been investigated using computational chemistry and mechanistic experiments.
An Improved System for the Aqueous Lipshutz–Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Alkyl Halides with Aryl Electrophiles
Authors: Bhonde Vasudev R. , O'Neill Brian T. , Buchwald Stephen L. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe development of a palladacyclic precatalyst supported by a new biaryl(dialkyl)phosphine ligand (VPhos) in combination with octanoic acid/sodium octanoate as a simple and effective surfactant system provided an improved catalyst system for the rapid construction of a broad spectrum of alkylated scaffolds from alkyl zinc reagents generated in situ.
Molecular Polyarsenides of the Rare‐Earth Elements
Authors: Arleth Nicholas , Gamer Michael T. , Köppe Ralf , Konchenko Sergey N. , Fleischmann Martin , Scheer Manfred , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractReduction of [Cp*Fe(η5‐As5)] with [Cp′′2Sm(thf)] (Cp′′=η5‐1,3‐(tBu)2C5H3) under various conditions led to [(Cp′′2Sm)(μ,η4:η4‐As4)(Cp*Fe)] and [(Cp′′2Sm)2As7(Cp*Fe)]. Both compounds are the first polyarsenides of the rare‐earth metals. [(Cp′′2Sm)(μ,η4:η4‐As4)(Cp*Fe)] is also the first d/f‐triple decker sandwich complex with a purely inorganic planar middle deck. The central As42− unit is isolobal with the 6π‐aromatic cyclobutadiene dianion (CH)42−. [(Cp′′2Sm)2As7(Cp*Fe)] contains an As73− cage, which has a norbornadiene‐like structure with two short As−As bonds in the scaffold. DFT calculations confirm all the structural observations. The As−As bond order inside the cyclo As4 ligand in [(Cp′′2Sm)(μ,η4:η4‐As4)(Cp*Fe)] was estimated to be in between an As−As single bond and a formally aromatic As42− system.
Enhanced production of optically pure d (–) lactic acid from nutritionally rich Borassus flabellifer sugar and whey protein hydrolysate based–fermentation medium
Authors: Reddy Tadi Subbi Rami , E. V. R. Arun , Limaye Anil Mukund , Sivaprakasam Senthilkumar 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aim of this study is to optimize the production of optically pure d (–) lactic acid (DLA) employing a cost‐effective production medium. Based on the designed biomass approach, Sporolactobacillus inulinus NBRC 13595 was found to exhibit high DLA titer (19.0 g L−1) and optical purity (99.6%). A cost‐effective medium was constituted using Palmyra palm jaggery (PJ) from Borassus flabellifer and whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. Plackett–Burman design indicated that PJ, WPH, and MnSO4 as significant variables influence DLA production. A rotatable central composite design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the PJ and WPH concentrations. A maximum DLA titer (170.14 g L−1) was predicted for 222.24 g L−1 of PJ and 11.99 g L−1 of WPH, respectively. Fermentation experimental results exhibited a maximum DLA titer (189.0 ± 8.53 g L−1) and productivity (5.25 ± 0.24 g L−1 H−1), which is the highest ever reported for DLA production from a renewable feedstock in the batch process. The present investigation substantiates that the potential application of economically viable raw feedstocks (PJ and WPH) for enhanced DLA production, which is attributed to 2.5‐fold reduction in DLA production cost compared with conventional medium.
Energieübertragung für ein System gekoppelter Oszillatoren II Theorie des Restmoleküls
Authors: Kohlmaier G. H. , Hensel V. , Siré E. O. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn einer früheren Arbeit wurde von den Autoren Nikitin und Kohlmaier ein phänomenologisch eingeführter “Reibungskoeffizient” γ benutzt, um die während eines Stoßvorganges stattfindende Energieabwanderung aus der Endbindung in den Molekülrest zu beschreiben. In dieser Arbeit wird der Koeffizient γ über eine mechanische Theorie atomistisch begründet.
The Thermal Conductivity of Mixtures of Hydrogen with the Monatomic Gases
Authors: Assael M. J. , Wakeham W. A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe paper presents experimental results for the thermal conductivity of hydrogen with the three monatomic gases: neon, argon, and krypton. The measurements have been carried out in a transient hot‐wire apparatus at 35°C within the pressure range 2–9 MPa. The accuracy of the thermal conductivity data is estimated as one of ± 0.2%. — Intermodular pair potentials for the interaction of hydrogen with the monatomic gases, obtained from molecular beam and spectroscopic studies, provide only a moderately good representation of the experimental data in the limit of zero density. The discrepancies are attributed in part to the limitations of the available kinetic theory formulae for the thermal conductivity of polyatomic gas mixtures. The density dependence of the thermal conductivity of the mixtures is well described by a calculation scheme based on the modified Enskog theory.
Einfluß von Molmasse und Molekülverzweigungen auf das Entmischungsverhalten von Ethylen/Polyethylen‐Systemen unter Hochdruck
Authors: Spahl Roland , Luft Gerhard 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe phase behaviour of mixtures of ethylene and polyethylene was studied under pressures up to 200 MPa at temperatures between 383 and 473 K simultaneously by optical and analytical measurements. Three different low density polyethylenes with number average molecular weights of 1100, 19500 and 55000 g/mol were used. In order to show the influence of long chain branching the results were compared with datas published on mixtures of ethylene and linear polyethylenes. It was found that the heterogeneous region extends with rising molecular weight of the polymer and falling temperatures. With branched polyethylenes the critical pressure was lower. The dependency of the critical pressure on the molecular weight and the branching could be expressed by an equation analogous to the relation between the critical temperature and the polymer molecular weight in diluted solutions.
1‐ und 2‐Elektronenschritte bei der Oxidation substituierter Paraphenylendiamine mit verschiedenen Oxidationsmitteln. II. Reaktionen mit Hexacyanoferrat
Authors: Nickel Ulrich , Jaenicke Walther 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe oxidation kinetics of several N‐ and ring‐alkylated p‐phenylenediamines with hexacyanoferrate(III) (F3) was studied in the pH‐range 2,5 – 9 by means of a multimixing stopped flow technique which is described in detail. The p‐phenylene diamine‐derivatives (R) are oxidized via reversible one‐electron steps to the semiquinone diimine radical S (rate constants k1, k−1) and the quinone diimine T (rate constants k2, k−2). – k1 and k−1 could be measured directly for all compounds, k2 and k−2 for two derivatives. – Only the unprotonated species of R, S, T, F3 are reactive. The reduction is possible by the unprotonated Fe(CN)4‐6 (F2) and by its protonated form F2H. The complexes of F2 with alkali ions are inactive. In this way the respective association constants could be calculated. The kinetics of the reaction was compared with the thermodynamics, represented by potential‐pH‐diagrams. – The activation parameters of the reaction of p‐phenylene diamine‐derivatives with F3, F2 and also with iodine were measured. The activation energies of the second step (k2, k−2) are negligible. – Both oxidants attack the alkylated aminogroup of the p‐phenylene diamine derivatives. The radical cation is deprotonated before it is oxidized.
NMR Studies on the Motion of Dimethylammonium Ions in [(CH3)2NH2]2SnCl6 and [(CH3)2NH2]2TeCl6 as well as Their Partially Deuterated Analogs
Authors: Ishida Hiroyuki , Ikeda Ryuichi , Nakamura Daiyu 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe temperature dependences of proton spin‐lattice relaxation time, T1 and of the second moment of 1H NMR absorptions were studied in dimethylammonium hexachlorostannate(IV), hexachlorotellurate(IV), and their partially deuterated analogs. From X‐ray powder patterns taken at room temperature, the tellurium(IV) complex was found to be isomorphous with the tin(IV) complex. For the tellurium complex, a phase transition was located at 169 K by DTA experiments. By 1H NMR, two kinds of motions, the reorientation of the methyl groups about their respective C ‐ N bond axis and the 180° flip motion of the whole cation about its two fold pseudosymmetry axis, were observed for the cation in the crystals. The activation energies were evaluated for these motional modes. Besides these two motions, large‐amplitude librations or small angle reorientations of the cation about its pseudosymmetry axis are deduced to take place at high temperatures.
Downsizing and Supersizing: How Changes in Product Attributes Influence Consumer Preferences
Authors: Jami Ata , Mishra Himanshu 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis paper investigates how changing the value of one attribute while keeping other attributes constant influences consumers' judgments and behaviors. We find that in two options, a proportionally equal change in one attribute tilts people's preference toward the option with higher (or lower) absolute magnitude of change when the change is desirable (or undesirable). We propose that when individuals face an attribute change, they use a deliberative and effortful response, known as System 2, to detect the change. However, they rely less on this system to evaluate the changed options. Instead, a more automatic System 1 processing influences their decision by making them apply the bigger‐is‐better heuristic (bigger‐is‐worse for an undesirable change) to prefer the option with the highest (lowest) absolute magnitude of change. Six studies demonstrate this phenomenon in both lab and real settings and support our hypothesis. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoluminescence and thermoluminescence characteristics of Sr3B2O6:Eu2+ yellow phosphor
Authors: Ho Van Tuyen , Nguyen Manh Son , Vu Xuan Quang , Bounyavong Sengthong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSr3B2O6:Eu2+ yellow phosphor was prepared by the combustion method. The crystalline structure, photoluminescence and thermoluminescence properties of Sr3B2O6:Eu2+ were investigated extensively. The X‐ray diffraction result indicates that the Sr3B2O6:Eu2+ phosphor exhibited a rhombohedral crystal structure. The emission spectra under a 435 nm excited wavelength showed an intense broad band peaking at 574 nm, which corresponds to the 4f65d1 → 4f7 transition of Eu2+ ion. There were two different sites of Sr replaced by Eu in host lattice. The concentration quenching process between Eu2+ ions is determined and the corresponding concentration quenching mechanism was verified as dipole‐quadrupole interaction. The glow curve under 3 Gy β‐ ray irradiation had the glow peak at 160°C and the average activation energy was defined as about 0.98 eV. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of risk factors for postoperative delirium among older patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery
Authors: Scholz A F M , Oldroyd C , McCarthy K , Quinn T J , Hewitt J 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background
Postoperative delirium (POD) is common after surgery. As age is a known risk factor, the increased ageing of the population undergoing surgery emphasizes the importance of the subject. Knowledge of other potential risk factors in older patients with surgical gastrointestinal diseases is lacking. The aim here was to collate and synthesize the published literature on risk factors for delirium in this group.

Methods
Five databases were searched (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL® and PSYCinfo®) between January 1987 and November 2014. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was used to rate study quality. Pooled odds ratios or mean differences for individual risk factors were estimated using the Mantel–Haenszel and inverse-variance methods.

Results
Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria; they provided a total of 1427 patients (318 with delirium and 1109 without), and predominantly included patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery. The incidence of POD ranged from 8·2 to 54·4 per cent. A total of 95 risk factors were investigated, illustrating wide heterogeneity in study design. Seven statistically significant risk factors were identified in pooled analysis: old age, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status grade at least III, body mass index, lower serum level of albumin, intraoperative hypotension, perioperative blood transfusion and history of alcohol excess. Patients with POD had a significantly increased duration of hospital stay and a higher mortality rate compared with those without delirium.

Conclusion
Delirium is common in older patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery. Several risk factors were consistently associated with POD.
The Amyloid Fibril‐Forming Properties of the Amphibian Antimicrobial Peptide Uperin 3.5
Authors: Calabrese Antonio N. , Liu Yanqin , Wang Tianfang , Musgrave Ian F. , Pukala Tara L. , Tabor Rico F. , Martin Lisandra L. , Carver John A. , Bowie John H. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe amphibian skin is a vast resource for bioactive peptides, which form the basis of the animals' innate immune system. Key components of the secretions of the cutaneous glands are antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which exert their cytotoxic effects often as a result of membrane disruption. It is becoming increasingly evident that there is a link between the mechanism of action of AMPs and amyloidogenic peptides and proteins. In this work, we demonstrate that the broad‐spectrum amphibian AMP uperin 3.5, which has a random‐coil structure in solution but adopts an α‐helical structure in membrane‐like environments, forms amyloid fibrils rapidly in solution at neutral pH. These fibrils are cytotoxic to model neuronal cells in a similar fashion to those formed by the proteins implicated in neurodegenerative diseases. The addition of small quantities of 2,2,2‐trifluoroethanol accelerates fibril formation by uperin 3.5, and is correlated with a structural stabilisation induced by this co‐solvent. Uperin 3.5 fibril formation and the associated cellular toxicity are inhibited by the polyphenol (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG). Furthermore, EGCG rapidly dissociates fully formed uperin 3.5 fibrils. Ion mobility–mass spectrometry reveals that uperin 3.5 adopts various oligomeric states in solution. Combined, these observations imply that the mechanism of membrane permeability by uperin 3.5 is related to its fibril‐forming properties.
Hydrophobic Tagged Dihydrofolate Reductase for Creating Misfolded Glycoprotein Mimetics
Authors: Hachisu Masakazu , Seko Akira , Daikoku Shusaku , Takeda Yoichi , Sakono Masafumi , Ito Yukishige 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), nascent glycoproteins that have not acquired the native conformation are either repaired or sorted for degradation by specific quality‐control systems composed by various proteins. Among them, UDP‐glucose:glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (UGGT) serves as a folding sensor in the ER. However, the molecular mechanism of its recognition remains obscure. This study used pseudo‐misfolded glycoproteins, comprising a modified dihydrofolate reductase with artificial pyrene–cysteine moiety on the protein surface (pDHFR) and Man9GlcNAc2‐methotrexate (M9‐MTX). All five M9‐MTX/pDHFR complexes, with a pyrene group at different positions, were found to be good substrates of UGGT, irrespective of the site of pyrene modification. These results suggest UGGT's mode of substrate recognition is fuzzy, thus allowing various glycoproteins to be accommodated in the folding cycle.
Investigation of Activated‐Carbon‐Supported Copper Catalysts with Unique Catalytic Performance in the Hydrogenation of Dimethyl Oxalate to Methyl Glycolate
Authors: Cui Yuanyuan , Wang Bin , Wen Chao , Chen Xi , Dai Wei‐Lin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCopper‐based activated‐carbon (AC)‐supported catalysts were synthesized by a facile ammonia evaporation–impregnation method. Unlike the conventional Cu/SiO2 catalyst, which showed highly catalytic selectivity towards ethylene glycol (EG) or EtOH, Cu/AC catalysts display unique selectivity to methyl glycolate (MG). The catalytic performance relies on the high content of surface Cu+ species and the relatively large copper particles with moderate hydrogenation activity.
A Microbial Biosensor Platform for Inline Quantification of Acetate in Anaerobic Digestion: Potential and Challenges
Authors: Kretzschmar Jörg , Rosa Luis F. M. , Zosel Jens , Mertig Michael , Liebetrau Jan , Harnisch Falk 
Published: December 2015

AbstractReal‐time measurement of volatile fatty acids (VFA) in anaerobic digestion (AD) is crucial for process monitoring and management. It is essential for establishing demand‐driven biogas production, however, to date it is not commercially available. A novel microbial electrochemical sensor for inline measurement of acetate and other VFA in AD is proposed. The measurement range as well as the measurement resolution and dynamic behavior of the biosensor were investigated under flow conditions. For application in AD the achieved measurement range is still too low, therefore, measures to improve it as well as further application properties of the sensor are discussed.
Biomimetic Taste Receptors with Chiral Recognition by Photoluminescent Metal–Organic Frameworks Chelated with Polyaniline Helices
Authors: Lee Tu , Lin Tsung Yan , Lee Hung Lin , Chang Yun Hsuan , Tsai Yee Chen 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe adsorption of phenylaniline (Phe) enantiomers on (+)‐polyaniline (PAN)‐chelated [In(OH)(bdc)]nmicrocrystals was carefully designed and studied by using the Job titration, circular dichroism, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and photoluminescence to mimic heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide‐binding protein (G protein)‐coupled receptors in selective, but not specific, ligand binding with chiral recognition and signal transduction. Six essential working principles across different length scales are unraveled: 1) a chiral (+)‐PAN (host), 2) specific sites for Phe‐(+)/PAN (guest–host) binding, 3) a conformational change of (+)‐PAN after binding with Phe enantiomers, 4) different degrees of packing for (+)‐PAN, 5) interactions between (+)‐PAN and the underlying signal‐generating framework (i.e., [In(OH)(bdc)]nmicrocrystals), and 6) a systematic photoluminescent signal combination by using principal‐component analysis from the other three polymer‐chelated metal–organic frameworkds (MOFs), such as poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), sodium alginate (SA), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) to enhance the selectivity and discrimination capabilities.