bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glial fibrillary acidic protein promoter determines transgene expression in satellite glial cells following intraganglionic adeno‐associated virus delivery in adult rats
Authors: Xiang Hongfei , Xu Hao , Fan Fan , Shin Seung‐Min , Hogan Quinn H. , Yu Hongwei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRecombinant adeno‐associated viral (AAV)‐mediated therapeutic gene transfer to dorsal root ganglia (DRG) is an effective and safe tool for treating chronic pain. However, AAV with various constitutively active promoters leads to transgene expression predominantly to neurons, while glial cells are refractory to AAV transduction in the peripheral nervous system. The present study evaluated whether in vivo satellite glial cell (SGC) transduction in the DRG can be enhanced by the SGC‐specific GFAP promoter and by using shH10 and shH19, which are engineered capsid variants with Müller glia‐prone transduction. Titer‐matched AAV6 (as control), AAVshH10, and AAVshH19, all encoding the EGFP driven by the constitutively active CMV promoter, as well as AAV6‐EGFP and AAVshH10‐EGFP driven by a GFAP promoter (AAV6‐GFAP‐EGFP and AAVshH10‐GFAP‐EGFP), were injected into DRG of adult male rats. Neurotropism of gene expression was determined and compared by immunohistochemistry. Results showed that injection of AAV6‐ and AAVshH10‐GFAP‐EGFP induces robust EGFP expression selectively in SGCs, whereas injection of either AAVshH10‐CMV‐EGFP or AAVshH19‐CMV‐EGFP into DRG resulted in a similar in vivo transduction profile to AAV6‐CMV‐EGFP, all showing efficient transduction of sensory neurons without significant transduction of glial cell populations. Coinjection of AAV6‐CMV‐mCherry and AAV6‐GFAP‐EGFP induces transgene expression in neurons and SGCs separately. This report, together with our prior studies, demonstrates that the GFAP promoter rather than capsid tropism determines selective gene expression in SGCs following intraganglionic AAV delivery in adult rats. A dual AAV system, one with GFAP promoter and the other with CMV promoter, can efficiently express transgenes selectively in neurons versus SGCs.
Lipolysis and aroma generation as mechanisms involved in masking boar taint in sodium reduced fermented sausages inoculated with Debaryomyces hansenii yeast
Authors: Corral Sara , Belloch Carmela , López‐Díez José J , Flores Mónica 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe use of boar back fat for processing of fermented sausages may cause the presence of abnormal odours. In dry‐cured products, ripening time is essential to develop the sensory characteristics. Yeast has been proposed as an alternative to mask boar taint odour through its metabolic activity but it is necessary to elucidate which mechanisms are involved. The aim is to study the effect of Debaryomyces hansenii inoculation on the lipolysis process and generation of aroma compounds in fermented sausages manufactured with boar back fat at two different ripening times.RESULTSD. hansenii inoculated sausages had a higher degree of lipolysis as demonstrated by higher content of free fatty acids, ester compounds and branched aldehydes which contribute the fruity odour. The increase in lipolysis produced by D. hansenii inoculation was not followed by an increase in oxidation during processing possibly due to the metabolic activity of yeast. The effect of back fat type was scarcely appreciated whereas ripening time had a stronger effect on sausage. Boar sausages were characterised by a lower polyunsaturated fatty acid profile and lesser lipolysis than gilt sausages.CONCLUSIONYeast inoculation with D. hansenii and long ripening time were appropriate strategies to limit the perception of boar taint in dry fermented sausages. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Modeling and predicting the solute polarity parameter in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography using quantitative structure–property relationship approaches
Authors: Golmohammadi Hassan , Dashtbozorgi Zahra , Khooshechin Sajad 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA prediction of quantitative structure–property relationships is developed to model the polarity parameter of a set of 146 organic compounds in acetonitrile in reversed‐phase liquid chromatography. Enhanced replacement method and support vector machine regressions were employed to build prediction models based on molecular descriptors calculated from the structure alone. The correlation coefficients between experimental and predicted values of polarity parameter for the test set by enhanced replacement method and support vector machine were 0.970 and 0.993, respectively. The obtained results demonstrated that the support vector machine model is more reliable and has a better prediction performance than the enhanced replacement method.
Multivariate optimization of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for the determination of paclobutrazol and triflumizole in water by GC–MS
Authors: Chormey Dotse Selali , Karakuş Yeşim , Karayaka Sena , Özsöyler Çağla , Bozdoğan Abdürrezzak Emin , Bakırdere Sezgin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA new analytical method based on dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction with gas chromatography mass spectrometry has been optimized for the simultaneous determination of paclobutrazol and triflumizole in tap water and wastewater samples. A two‐level, full‐factorial design that allowed the study of main effects and factor interactions was applied to analyze the influence on microextraction process by chloroform, ethanol, potassium iodide and hand shaking period. The extraction conditions selected were 200 μL of chloroform, 3.0 mL of ethanol, 2.0 g of potassium iodide and 15 s of hand shaking. The limits of detection obtained for triflumizole and paclobutrazol under optimum conditions were 0.97 and 0.29 ng/mL, respectively. Calibration plots of both analytes were linear over a wide concentration range, and good precision was observed for replicate measurements. Applicability and accuracy of the method were determined by performing spiked recovery tests. Appreciable recovery results were obtained for municipal wastewater and matrix matching was used to obtain close to 100% recovery for tap water.
The maternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 (upd(6)mat) “phenotype”: result of placental trisomy 6 mosaicism?
Authors: Eggermann Thomas , Oehl‐Jaschkowitz Barbara , Dicks Severin , Thomas Wolfgang , Kanber Deniz , Albrecht Beate , Begemann Matthias , Kurth Ingo , Beygo Jasmin , Buiting Karin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundMaternal uniparental disomy of chromosome 6 (upd(6)mat) is a rare finding and its clinical relevance is currently unclear. Based on clinical data from two new cases and patients from the literature, the pathogenetic significance of upd(6)mat is delineated.MethodsOwn cases were molecularly characterized for isodisomic uniparental regions on chromosome 6. For further cases with upd(6)mat, a literature search was conducted and genetic and clinical data were ascertained.ResultsComparison of isodisomic regions between the new upd(6)mat cases and those from four reports did not reveal any common isodisomic region. Among the patients with available cytogenetic data, five had a normal karyotype in lymphocytes, whereas a trisomy 6 (mosaicism) was detected prenatally in four cases. A common clinical picture was not obvious in upd(6)mat, but intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and preterm delivery were frequent.ConclusionA common upd(6)mat phenotype is not obvious, but placental dysfunction due to trisomy 6 mosaicism probably contributes to IUGR and preterm delivery. In fact, other clinical features observed in upd(6)mat patients might be caused by homozygosity of recessive mutations or by an undetected trisomy 6 cell line. Upd(6)mat itself is not associated with clinical features, and can rather be regarded as a biomarker. In case upd(6)mat is detected, the cause for the phenotype is identified indirectly, but the UPD is not the basic cause.
Rapid compressed sensing reconstruction of 3D non‐Cartesian MRI
Authors: Baron Corey A. , Dwork Nicholas , Pauly John M. , Nishimura Dwight G. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeConventional non‐Cartesian compressed sensing requires multiple nonuniform Fourier transforms every iteration, which is computationally expensive. Accordingly, time‐consuming reconstructions have slowed the adoption of undersampled 3D non‐Cartesian acquisitions into clinical protocols. In this work we investigate several approaches to minimize reconstruction times without sacrificing accuracy.MethodsThe reconstruction problem can be reformatted to exploit the Toeplitz structure of matrices that are evaluated every iteration, but it requires larger oversampling than what is strictly required by nonuniform Fourier transforms. Accordingly, we investigate relative speeds of the two approaches for various nonuniform Fourier transform kernel sizes and oversampling for both GPU and CPU implementations. Second, we introduce a method to minimize matrix sizes by estimating the image support. Finally, density compensation weights have been used as a preconditioning matrix to improve convergence, but this increases noise. We propose a more general approach to preconditioning that allows a trade‐off between accuracy and convergence speed.ResultsWhen using a GPU, the Toeplitz approach was faster for all practical parameters. Second, it was found that properly accounting for image support can prevent aliasing errors with minimal impact on reconstruction time. Third, the proposed preconditioning scheme improved convergence rates by an order of magnitude with negligible impact on noise.ConclusionWith the proposed methods, 3D non‐Cartesian compressed sensing with clinically relevant reconstruction times (<2 min) is feasible using practical computer resources. Magn Reson Med 79:2685–2692, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Phase correction for three‐dimensional (3D) diffusion‐weighted interleaved EPI using 3D multiplexed sensitivity encoding and reconstruction (3D‐MUSER)
Authors: Chang Hing‐Chiu , Hui Edward S. , Chiu Pui‐Wai , Liu Xiaoxi , Chen Nan‐kuei 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThree‐dimensional (3D) multiplexed sensitivity encoding and reconstruction (3D‐MUSER) algorithm is proposed to reduce aliasing artifacts and signal corruption caused by inter‐shot 3D phase variations in 3D diffusion‐weighted echo planar imaging (DW‐EPI).Theory and Methods3D‐MUSER extends the original framework of multiplexed sensitivity encoding (MUSE) to a hybrid k‐space‐based reconstruction, thereby enabling the correction of inter‐shot 3D phase variations. A 3D single‐shot EPI navigator echo was used to measure inter‐shot 3D phase variations. The performance of 3D‐MUSER was evaluated by analyses of point‐spread function (PSF), signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), and artifact levels. The efficacy of phase correction using 3D‐MUSER for different slab thicknesses and b‐values were investigated.ResultsSimulations showed that 3D‐MUSER could eliminate artifacts because of through‐slab phase variation and reduce noise amplification because of SENSE reconstruction. All aliasing artifacts and signal corruption in 3D interleaved DW‐EPI acquired with different slab thicknesses and b‐values were reduced by our new algorithm. A near‐whole brain single‐slab 3D DTI with 1.3‐mm isotropic voxel acquired at 1.5T was successfully demonstrated.Conclusion3D phase correction for 3D interleaved DW‐EPI data is made possible by 3D‐MUSER, thereby improving feasible slab thickness and maximum feasible b‐value. Magn Reson Med 79:2702–2712, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
A phase II study of radioimmunotherapy with intraventricular 131I‐3F8 for medulloblastoma
Authors: Kramer Kim , Pandit‐Taskar Neeta , Humm John L. , Zanzonico Pat B. , Haque Sofia , Dunkel Ira J. , Wolden Suzanne L. , Donzelli Maria , Goldman Debra A. , Lewis Jason S. , Lyashchenko Serge K. , Khakoo Yasmin , Carrasquillo Jorge A. , Souweidane Mark M. , Greenfield Jeffrey P. , Lyden David , De Braganca Kevin D. , Gilheeney Stephen W. , Larson Steven M. , Cheung Nai‐Kong V. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundHigh‐risk and recurrent medulloblastoma (MB) is associated with significant mortality. The murine monoclonal antibody 3F8 targets the cell‐surface disialoganglioside GD2 on MB. We tested the efficacy, toxicity, and dosimetry of compartmental radioimmunotherapy (cRIT) with intraventricular 131I‐labeled 3F8 in patients with MB on a phase II clinical trial.MethodsPatients with histopathologically confirmed high‐risk or recurrent MB were eligible for cRIT. After determining adequate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow, patients received 2 mCi (where Ci is Curie) 124I‐3F8 or 131I‐3F8 with nuclear imaging for dosimetry, followed by up to four therapeutic (10 mCi/dose) 131I‐3F8 injections. Dosimetry estimates were based on serial CSF and blood samplings over 48 hr plus region‐of‐interest analyses on serial imaging scans. Disease evaluation included pre‐ and posttherapy brain/spine magnetic resonance imaging approximately every 3 months for the first year after treatment, and every 6–12 months thereafter.ResultsForty‐three patients received a total of 167 injections; 42 patients were evaluable for outcome. No treatment‐related deaths occurred. Toxicities related to drug administration included acute bradycardia with somnolence, headache, fatigue, and CSF pleocytosis consistent with chemical meningitis and dystonic reaction. Total CSF absorbed dose was 1,453 cGy (where Gy is Gray; 350.0–2,784). Median overall survival from first dose of cRIT was 24.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]:16.3–55.8). Patients treated in radiographic and cytologic remission were at a lower risk of death compared to patients with radiographically measurable disease (hazard ratio: 0.40, 95% CI: 0.18–0.88, P = 0.024).ConclusionscRIT with 131I‐3F8 is safe, has favorable dosimetry to CSF, and when added to salvage therapy using conventional modalities, may have clinical utility in maintaining remission in high‐risk or recurrent MB.
Recruiting primary care physicians to qualitative research: Experiences and recommendations from a childhood cancer survivorship study
Authors: Signorelli Christina , Wakefield Claire E. , Fardell Joanna E. , Thornton‐Benko Elysia , Emery Jon , McLoone Jordana K. , Cohn Richard J. ,   On Behalf of the ANZCHOG Survivorship Study Group
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundPrimary care physicians (PCPs) are essential for healthcare delivery but can be difficult to recruit to health research. Low response rates may impact the quality and value of data collected. This paper outlines participant and study design factors associated with increased response rates among PCPs invited to participate in a qualitative study at Sydney Children's Hospital, Australia.ProcedureWe invited 160 PCPs by post, who were nominated by their childhood cancer patients in a survey study. We followed‐up by telephone, email, or fax 2 weeks later.ResultsWithout any follow‐up, 32 PCPs opted in to the study. With follow‐up, a further 42 PCPs opted in, with email appearing to be the most effective method, yielding a total of 74 PCPs opting in (46.3%). We reached data saturation after 51 interviews. On average, it took 34.6 days from mail‐out to interview completion. Nonrespondents were more likely to be male (P = 0.013). No survivor‐related factors significantly influenced PCPs’ likelihood of participating. Almost double the number of interviews were successfully completed if scheduled via email versus phone. Those requiring no follow‐up did not differ significantly to late respondents in demographic/survivor‐related characteristics.ConclusionPCP factors associated with higher opt in rates, and early responses, may be of interest to others considering engaging PCPs and/or their patients in cancer‐related research, particularly qualitative or mixed‐methods studies. Study resources may be best allocated to email follow‐up, incentives, and personalization of study documents linking PCPs to patients. These efforts may improve PCP participation and the representativeness of study findings.
Mechanisms of Drug Resistance in Cancer: The Role of Extracellular Vesicles
Authors: Samuel Priya , Fabbri Muller , Carter David Raul Francisco 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDrug resistance remains a major barrier to the successful treatment of cancer. The mechanisms by which therapeutic resistance arises are multifactorial. Recent evidence has shown that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a role in mediating drug resistance. EVs are small vesicles carrying a variety of macromolecular cargo released by cells into the extracellular space and can be taken up into recipient cells, resulting in transfer of cellular material. EVs can mediate drug resistance by several mechanisms. They can serve as a pathway for sequestration of cytotoxic drugs, reducing the effective concentration at target sites. They can act as decoys carrying membrane proteins and capturing monoclonal antibodies intended to target receptors at the cell surface. EVs from resistant tumor cells can deliver mRNA, miRNA, long noncoding RNA, and protein inducing resistance in sensitive cells. This provides a new model for how resistance that arises can then spread through a heterogeneous tumor. EVs also mediate cross‐talk between cancer cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, leading to tumor progression and acquisition of therapeutic resistance. In this review, we will describe what is known about how EVs can induce drug resistance, and discuss the ways in which EVs could be used as therapeutic targets or diagnostic markers for managing cancer treatment. While further characterization of the vesiculome and the mechanisms of EV function are still required, EVs offer an exciting opportunity in the fight against cancer.
Discovery of Antimicrobial Peptides in Cervical‐Vaginal Fluid from Healthy Nonpregnant Women via an Integrated Proteome and Peptidome Analysis
Authors: Muytjens Carla M. J. , Yu Yijing , Diamandis Eleftherios P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCervical‐vaginal fluid (CVF) covers the lower part of the female reproductive system and functions in the homeostasis and immunity of the surrounding tissues. In contrast to the CVF proteome of both nonpregnant and pregnant women, the CVF peptidome has not been reported to date. In the current study, we identified 1087 proteins in CVF, of which 801 proteins were not previously identified in CVF proteomes. The presence of the tissue‐specific proteins oviductal glycoprotein 1 and tubulin polymerization–promoting protein family member 3 strongly suggests that the tissues of the upper female reproductive tract contribute to the protein composition of CVF. The tremendous catalytic potential of CVF was highlighted by the identification of 85 proteases and the detection of pH‐dependent trypsin‐like proteolytic activity. Over 1000 endogenous peptides were detected in the CVF peptidome, and 39 peptides are predicted to have antimicrobial activity. The detailed proteomic and peptidomic analysis of CVF will further aid in the delineation of pathways related to reproduction, immunity and host defense, and assist in developing new biomarkers for malignant and other diseases of the female reproductive tract. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifiers PXD004450 (CVF peptidome) and PDX004363 (CVF proteome).
The human protein atlas: A spatial map of the human proteome
Authors: Thul Peter J. , Lindskog Cecilia 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe correct spatial distribution of proteins is vital for their function and often mis‐localization or ectopic expression leads to diseases. For more than a decade, the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) has constituted a valuable tool for researchers studying protein localization and expression in human tissues and cells. The centerpiece of the HPA is its unique antibody collection for mapping the entire human proteome by immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry. By these approaches, more than 10 million images showing protein expression patterns at a single‐cell level were generated and are publicly available at www.proteinatlas.org. The antibody‐based approach is combined with transcriptomics data for an overview of global expression profiles. The present article comprehensively describes the HPA database functions and how users can utilize it for their own research as well as discusses the future path of spatial proteomics.
Development and relative fitness of Cry1C resistance in Chilo suppressalis
Authors: Tang Hui , Chen Geng , Chen Fajun , Han Lanzhi , Peng Yufang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDChilo suppressalis is an important lepidopteran rice pest in the rice‐growing areas of China, and the development of transgenic rice expressing the Cry1C insecticidal protein has provided a useful strategy for controlling this pest. However, insect resistance is a major threat to the durability of cry1C rice. Thus, evaluation of the risk of insect resistance before the commercial use of cry1C rice is crucial.RESULTSThis study investigated the development of C. suppressalis resistance to Cry1C protein and the relative fitness of Cry1C‐resistant and ‐susceptible strains on different Bt rice lines. The LC50 value of the Cry1C‐resistant strain increased 42.6‐fold after 41 generations of selection, and the estimated realized heritability (h2) of Cry1C resistance was 0.096 in C. suppressalis. Moreover, the Cry1C‐resistant strain displayed high fitness on the cry1C line, but not on the cry1Ab and cry1Ab + cry1C lines and was not cross‐resistant to Cry1Ab.CONCLUSIONSThese findings suggest that C. suppressalis has the potential to develop resistance to Cry1C, although the rate of evolution is low. The pyramiding of the cry1A and cry1C genes in Bt rice is an effective strategy for delaying the evolution of resistance in C. suppressalis and sustainably maintaining the utility of Bt rice. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Complexes between cyclopentene and cyclopentyne derivatives with HCu and FCu: The importance of cyclization effects
Authors: Arslancan Serra , Lamsabhi Al Mokhtar , Mó Otilia , Yáñez Manuel 
Published: September 2017

AbstractB3LYP/6‐311+G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6‐31+G(d,p) density functional theory calculations show that cyclopentene and cyclopentyne derivatives yield very strong π‐type complexes with HCu and FCu molecules. This interaction is so strong in the case of cyclopentyne derivatives that the complexes formed can be considered as a new kind of metallocycles. These complexes resemble those reported before in the literature for ethylene and acetylene, though whereas the interaction energies between cyclopentene and HCu and FCu are smaller than those reported for ethylene, those involving cyclopentyne are larger than the ones calculated for acetylene. This very different behavior is due to the dramatic change in the local environment of the two carbon atoms of cyclopentyne with respect to acetylene, which does not occur on going from ethylene to cyclopentene. The introduction of heteroatoms in the five‐membered rings opens the possibility of forming other isomers in which the CuX (X = H, F) is attached to the heteroatom rather than to the unsaturated CC bond. This arrangement is precisely the most favorable one for cyclopentene derivatives, though for cyclopentyne ones the π‐type complexes are still the global minima.