bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Intelligibility in Context Scale for Jamaican Creole-Speaking Preschoolers
Authors: Washington Karla N. , McDonald Megan M. , McLeod Sharynne , Crowe Kathryn , Devonish Hubert 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
To describe validation of the Intelligibility in Context Scale (ICS; McLeod, Harrison, & McCormack, 2012a) and ICS–Jamaican Creole (ICS-JC; McLeod, Harrison, & McCormack, 2012b) in a sample of typically developing 3- to 6-year-old Jamaicans.

Method

One-hundred and forty-five preschooler–parent dyads participated in the study. Parents completed the 7-item ICS (
n
= 145) and ICS-JC (
n
= 98) to rate children's speech intelligibility (5-point scale) across communication partners (parents, immediate family, extended family, friends, acquaintances, strangers). Preschoolers completed the Diagnostic Evaluation of Articulation and Phonology (DEAP; Dodd, Hua, Crosbie, Holm, & Ozanne, 2006) in English and Jamaican Creole to establish speech-sound competency. For this sample, we examined validity and reliability (interrater, test–rest, internal consistency) evidence using measures of speech-sound production: (a) percentage of consonants correct, (b) percentage of vowels correct, and (c) percentage of phonemes correct.

Results

ICS and ICS-JC ratings showed preschoolers were
always
(5) to
usually
(4) understood across communication partners (ICS,
M
= 4.43; ICS-JC,
M
= 4.50). Both tools demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = .91), high interrater, and test–retest reliability. Significant correlations between the two tools and between each measure and language-specific percentage of consonants correct, percentage of vowels correct, and percentage of phonemes correct provided criterion-validity evidence. A positive correlation between the ICS and age further strengthened validity evidence for that measure.

Conclusions
Both tools show promising evidence of reliability and validity in describing functional speech intelligibility for this group of typically developing Jamaican preschoolers.
Glycosyl Stille Cross-Coupling with Anomeric Nucleophiles – A General Solution to a Long-Standing Problem of Stereocontrolled Synthesis of C-Glycosides
Authors: Walczak Maciej , Zhu Feng , Yang Tianyi 
Published: May 2017

Aryl C-glycosides are common structural motifs found in bioactive natural products and commercially available drugs. Despite their importance, most chemical methods to prepare C-glycosides have relied on the nucleophilic addition/substitution of a glycosyl electrophile, which result in variable anomeric selectivities and yields. Furthermore, these methods are not compatible with saccharides containing free hydroxyl groups. Here, we describe a direct cross-coupling reaction of anomeric nucleophiles (anomeric stannanes) and aryl halides. This method is the first general approach to the synthesis of aryl C-glycosides resulting in exclusive anomeric selectivities for both anomers for a broad range of aryl and carbohydrate coupling partners (including unprotected saccharides).1	Introduction2	Synthesis of Anomeric Stannanes3	Glycosyl Stille Cross-Coupling4	Future Outlook5	Summary
„Buried Penis“: Aktuelle Übersicht über Ätiologie, Klassifikation und plastisch-chirurgische Rekonstruktion
Authors: Mirastschijski Ursula , Schwenke Carla , Melchior Sebastian , Cedidi Can 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungIm Erwachsenenalter tritt der „versteckte“ Penis, auch Buried Penis genannt, vor allem bei bariatrischen und postbariatrischen Patienten auf. Bei hoch adipösen Patienten invaginiert der Penisschaft in die präpubische Fettschürze mit daraus resultierenden Miktions- und hygienischen Problemen. Infektionen, Hautmazeration, Exzeme und Lichen sclerosus sind die Folge. Ohne Mons pubis Straffung und Penisfixierung reicht eine Zirkumzision allein nicht aus, um die Beschwerden zu lindern, und führt zu einem Rezidiv. Beim postbariatrischen Buried Penis retrahiert der Penisschaft nicht oder nur partiell. Bei deutlich erschlaffter Haut wird das Genitale durch den präpubischen Hautweichteilmantel verdeckt, sodass ebenfalls Probleme bei der Hygiene entstehen. Die chirurgische Therapie beschränkt sich in diesen Fällen entweder auf eine Mons pubis Straffung mit bzw. ohne penile Fixierung. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die Ätiologie, eine neue Klassifikation der unterschiedlichen Formen des Buried Penis und die Stadien-gerechte plastisch-chirurgische Intervention umfassend dargestellt.
Cardiac Etiologies of Hydrops Fetalis
Authors: Yuan Shi-Min 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCardiac etiologies of hydrops fetalis have been a topic of concern due to challenging perinatal management. The common cardiac etiologies leading to hydrops fetalis include structural cardiac anomalies, cardiac dysrhythmias, cardiac tumors, cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. The mechanisms of cardiogenic hydrops fetalis may be: 1) elevation of atrial pressure and volume overload, 2) decrease of cardiac output, and 3) development of congestive heart failure. The diagnosis of hydrops fetalis was usually made at 19–36 gestational weeks, when ultrasound is a highly effective diagnostic method. Intrauterine interventions for certain congenital heart defects, maternal transplacental or direct fetal medications and fetal pacing placement for cardiac arrhythmias, and fetal or postnatal tumor resections are important progressions of etiologic treatment for hydrops fetalis. Treatment strategies for hydrops fetalis per se are usually ultrasound-guided pericardiocentesis and feto-amniotic shunting, whereas reaccumulation may require further interventions in utero or postnatally. Hydrops fetalis often carries a poor prognosis, and mortality remains high. Current developments in the management of hydrops fetalis should encourage physicians to attempt further fetal interventions.
Plastisch-chirurgische Korrektur des „Buried Penis“
Authors: Boliglowa Dominik , Ryu Seung-Min , Ebrahim Tarek , Menke Henrik 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungDer sogenannte „buried Penis“ ist ein funktionell problematischer und beeinträchtigender Zustand. Diese komplexe Erkrankung war bisher bei stark übergewichtigen Menschen und als Folge schwerer Entzündungen bekannt. Nun leiden auch zunehmend postbariatrische Patienten an dieser Problematik. Bei massiver Gewichtsabnahme bildet sich häufig ein Hautüberschuss in der suprapubischen Region, führt zur Abdeckung und einem „Verschwinden“ des Penis. Die dadurch entstehenden Balanitiden führen zur weiteren Einziehung des Gliedes. Eine normale Penisform und Funktion können bei diesem Zustand durch Abdominoplastik nicht mit einfacher Mons pubis Anhebung, sondern nur durch ein spezielles operatives Vorgehen wiederhergestellt werden. Die chirurgische Therapie des Buried Penis hat 3 Bestandteile: Straffung des suprapubischen Bereiches, Decollement des Penis mit folgender Rekonstruktion der korrekten suprapubischen und penoskrotalen Winkel, sowie spannungsfreie Deckung des Penis. Die Problematik der „Buried Penis“ findet in der Literatur noch wenig Beachtung. Die genaue Inzidenz im postbariatrischen Patientengut ist aufgrund von Scham der Betroffenen und fehlender Kenntnis der Behandler nicht bekannt. Die chirurgische Therapie kann durch interdisziplinären Ansatz zwischen Urologen und plastischen Chirurgen eine erfolgreiche Lösung bringen.
Effect of Different Sampling Schedules on Results of Bioavailability and Bioequivalence Studies: Evaluation by Means of Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Kano Eunice , Chiann Chang , Fukuda Kazuo , Porta Valentina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBioavailability and bioequivalence study is one of the most frequently performed investigations in clinical trials. Bioequivalence testing is based on the assumption that 2 drug products will be therapeutically equivalent when they are equivalent in the rate and extent to which the active drug ingredient or therapeutic moiety is absorbed and becomes available at the site of drug action. In recent years there has been a significant growth in published papers that use in silico studies based on mathematical simulations to analyze pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of drugs, including bioavailability and bioequivalence aspects. The goal of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of in silico studies as a tool in the planning of bioequivalence, bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic assays, e.g., to determine an appropriate sampling schedule. Monte Carlo simulations were used to define adequate blood sampling schedules for a bioequivalence assay comparing 2 different formulations of cefadroxil oral suspensions. In silico bioequivalence studies comparing different formulation of cefadroxil oral suspensions using various sampling schedules were performed using models. An in vivo study was conducted to confirm in silico results. The results of in silico and in vivo bioequivalence studies demonstrated that schedules with fewer sampling times are as efficient as schedules with larger numbers of sampling times in the assessment of bioequivalence, but only if Tmax is included as a sampling time. It was also concluded that in silico studies are useful tools in the planning of bioequivalence, bioavailability and other pharmacokinetic in vivo assays.
Strahlen-induzierte Angiosarkome der Brust
Authors: Lehnhardt Marcus , Bohm Jens , Hirsch Tobias , Behr Björn , Daigeler Adrien , Harati Kamran 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Strahlen-induzierte Angiosarkome der Brust sind seltene Sekundärmalignome, die nach adjuvanter Bestrahlung eines Mammakarzinoms mit einer Latenz von Jahren auftreten. Sie wachsen multifokal und neigen häufig zu Lokalrezidiven und stellen somit eine chirurgische Herausforderung dar. Aufgrund ihrer Seltenheit ist es weiterhin ungeklärt, ob ein radikales chirurgisches Vorgehen mit einer verbesserten Prognose einhergeht. Das Ziel der Arbeit war es den prognostischen Wert der chirurgischen Radikalität zu bestimmen.
Patienten und Methoden Es erfolgte eine retrospektive Analyse an 18 Patientinnen, die chirurgisch in unserer Klinik behandelt wurden. Der mediane Nachbeobachtungszeit betrug 4,4 Jahre. Die zu untersuchenden Faktoren inklusive Bewertung der chirurgischen Resektionsränder wurden mittels univariater Analysen hinsichtlich ihres Einflusses auf das lokale rezidivfreie Überleben und das Gesamtüberleben untersucht.
Ergebnisse Das mediane Erkrankungsalter lag bei 66,3 Jahren. Die mediane Latenz zwischen der Bestrahlung und der Erstdiagnose des Angiosarkoms betrug 6,9 Jahre. Die 5-Jahresraten für das rezidivfreie Überleben und das Gesamtüberleben betrugen 25,0% (95%-Konfidenzintervall [KI]: 7,8–47,2) und 53,8% (95%-KI: 26,8–74,8). Die R0-Resektion der Primärläsion war mit einem signifikant besseren rezidivfreien Überleben (P=0,017) als auch Gesamtüberleben (P=0,013) assoziiert. Das gleiche galt für die R0-Resektion der letzten Rezidivläsion (P=0,040) hinsichtlich des Gesamtüberlebens.
Diskussion Das aggressive Wachstum und die ausgeprägte Rezidivneigung strahleninduzierter Angiosarkome erfordern und rechtfertigen ein radikales chirurgisches Vorgehen. Wenn immer möglich, sollte eine R0-Resektion angestrebt werden, um die lokale Kontrolle und das Gesamtüberleben zu verbessern.
A novel endoloop system for closure of colonic mucosal defects through a single-channel colonoscope
Authors: Wang Jiankun , Zhao Lili , Wang Xiang , Liu Li , Wang Min , Fan Zhining 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Successful closure of the postoperative mucosal defect is crucial for endoscopic treatment. The purse-string suture strategy via a double-channel endoscope has been recommended as being both safe and feasible for large gastrointestinal mucosal defects. However, for colonic treatment, use of a single-channel colonoscope is more popular because of its longer length and greater flexibility. A novel pre-detached endoloop system was therefore developed for endoscopic purse-string suture closure via a single-channel endoscope. This study evaluated its feasibility and efficacy, especially for right colonic mucosal defects.
Patients and methods A total of 18 patients with colonic defects post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) were treated using the single-channel endoscope method.
Results All mucosal defects were successfully closed using the novel closure technique.
No severe complications, such as massive intraoperative bleeding, delayed bleeding, peritonitis,
or perforation, were recorded. All patients recovered well after ESD and left the hospital
within 7 days.
Conclusions This novel pre-detached endoloop strategy via a
single-channel endoscope was safe and feasible for the closure of colonic mucosal defects using an endoscopic purse-string suture.
Reference Curve for the Mean Uterine Artery Pulsatility Index in Singleton Pregnancies
Authors: Weichert Alexander , Hagen Andreas , Tchirikov Michael , Fuchs Ilka , Henrich Wolfgang , Entezami Michael 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Introduction Doppler sonography of the uterine artery (UA) is done to monitor pregnancies, because the detected flow patterns are useful to draw inferences about possible disorders of trophoblast invasion. Increased resistance in the UA is associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and/or intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and perinatal mortality. In the absence of standardized figures, the normal ranges of the various available reference curves sometimes differ quite substantially from one another. The causes for this are differences in the flow patterns of the UA depending on the position of the pulsed Doppler gates as well as branching of the UA. Because of the discrepancies between the different reference curves and the practical problems this poses for guideline recommendations, we thought it would be useful to create our own reference curves for Doppler measurements of the UA obtained from a singleton cohort under standardized conditions.
Material and Methods This retrospective cohort study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics of the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, the Department for Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine of the University Hospital Halle (Saale) and the Center for Prenatal Diagnostics and Human Genetics Kurfürstendamm 199. Available datasets from the three study locations were identified and reference curves were generated using the LMS method. Measured values were correlated with age of gestation, and a cubic model and Box-Cox power transformation (L), the median (M) and the coefficient of variation (S) were used to smooth the curves.
Results 103 720 Doppler examinations of the UA carried out in singleton pregnancies from the 11th week of gestation (10 + 1 GW) were analyzed. The mean pulsatility index (Mean PI) showed a continuous decline over the course of pregnancy, dropping to a plateau of around 0.84 between the 23rd and 27th GW, after which it decreased again.
Conclusion Age of gestation, placental position, position of pulsed Doppler gates and branching of the UA can all change the flow pattern. The mean pulsatility index (Mean PI) showed a continuous decrease over time. There were significant differences between our data and alternative reference curves. A system of classifying Doppler studies and a reference curve adapted to the current technology are urgently required to differentiate better between physiological and pathological findings.
Enhancement of Quercetin Oral Bioavailability by Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System and their Quantification Through Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry in Cerebral Ischemia
Authors: Ahmad Niyaz , Ahmad Rizwan , Naqvi Atta , Alam Md , Abdur Rub Rehan , Ahmad Farhan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background Quercetin (Qur) and its major in vivo bioactive metabolites i. e., 3′-O-methyl quercetin, 4′-O-methyl quercetin and quercetin 7-O-β-D-glucuronide, may be used to treat cerebral ischemia however the poor aqueous solubility and less intestinal absorption of Qur results low bioavailability.
Purpose To improve Qur bioavailability through preparation of nanoformulation and to develop and validate a sensitive quantification method for Qur detection in brain homogenate.
Methods Qur-containing self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (Qur-SNEDDS) was developed to form oil-in-water nanoemulsions in situ. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-synapt mass spectrometric method (UHPLC/ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) was developed and validated for quantification whereas for optimal recovery of analyte, a liquid-liquid extraction method (LLE) was used.
Results A droplet size of 94.63±3.17 nm and zeta potential of −17.91±1.02 mV for nanoemuslion, elution time for Qur and internal standard (IS) Rutin as 1.21 and 1.50 min alongwith a transition at m/z 301.04/151.03 and 609.21/299.21, were observed respectively. Similarly, linear dynamic range (1.00 ng/mL–2 000.0 ng/mL), intra and inter-assay i. e., %CV of 0.26–2.04, lower limit of detection (LOD) 0.08 ng/mL as well as lower limit of quantitation (LOQ) as 0.131 ng/mL were also observed.
Conclusion The developed method have advantage over previous all methods i. e., less time consuming (<3.0), low consumption of solvents (flow rate 0.20 mL/min.) via small size column, more accuracy and specificity as well as use of acetonitrile as compared to hazardous solvents. This certainly adds advantages for green chromatography technique and supports application of current developed method for quantification and evaluation of Qur-SNEDDS.
The FERM protein EPB41L5 regulates actomyosin contractility and focal adhesion formation to maintain the kidney filtration barrier
Authors: Schell Christoph , Rogg Manuel , Suhm Martina , Helmstädter Martin , Sellung Dominik , Yasuda-Yamahara Mako , Kretz Oliver , Küttner Victoria , Suleiman Hani , Kollipara Laxmikanth , Zahedi René P. , Sickmann Albert , Eimer Stefan , Shaw Andrey S. , Kramer-Zucker Albrecht , Hirano-Kobayashi Mariko , Abe Takaya , Aizawa Shinichi , Grahammer Florian , Hartleben Björn , Dengjel Jörn , Huber Tobias B. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Loss of podocyte adhesion is a hallmark of glomerular disease progression. Here we unravel the in vivo composition of the podocyte adhesion machinery by the use of quantitative proteomics and identify the FERM domain protein EPB41L5 as a selectively enriched novel podocyte focal adhesion protein. EPB41L5 is essential to maintaining podocyte adhesion in vivo by recruiting the Rho GEF ARHGEF18, initiating a signaling cascade and ultimately resulting in increased actomyosin activity and focal adhesion stabilization. As EPB41L5 is down-regulated in various glomerular pathologies, these findings offer a perspective for interventions aiming to prevent loss of podocytes in glomerular disease.
The dangerousness of mountain recreation: A quantitative overview of fatal and non‐fatal accidents in France
Authors: Soulé Bastien , Lefèvre Brice , Boutroy Eric 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn France, there is a growing enthusiasm for outdoor sports and recreation. In the meantime, the risk of both severe and frequent injury associated with active pursuits in mountain areas is acknowledged. This paper tackles accidents related to mountain sports, with a focus on three critical activities: hiking, mountaineering and ski touring. The aim consists of estimating the actual number of accidents (whether they entailed deaths or injuries) in the three above‐mentioned activities. In order to align the information collected, then provide estimations based on the reasoned crossing of these secondary data, we consulted and summarised all the databases available on the French territory. Results address the trauma‐related mortality in absolute values, and a comparison with the death rate of other sports. The calculation of a mortality index, including secondary mortality, is then provided. Elements of mountain sports accidentality are also presented, intending to clarify how many casualities occur each year in the French mountains. Last, a focus on the particularities of each mountain sport is provided.
Analysis of extracellular RNA in cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Saugstad Julie A. , Lusardi Theresa A. , Van Keuren‐Jensen Kendall R. , Phillips Jay I. , Lind Babett , Harrington Christina A. , McFarland Trevor J. , Courtright Amanda L. , Reiman Rebecca A. , Yeri Ashish S. , Kalani M. Yashar S. , Adelson P. David , Arango Jorge , Nolan John P. , Duggan Erika , Messer Karen , Akers Johnny C. , Galasko Douglas R. , Quinn Joseph F. , Carter Bob S. , Hochberg Fred H. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTWe examined the extracellular vesicle (EV) and RNA composition of pooled normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and CSF from five major neurological disorders: Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), low‐grade glioma (LGG), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), representing neurodegenerative disease, cancer, and severe acute brain injury. We evaluated: (I) size and quantity of EVs by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and vesicle flow cytometry (VFC), (II) RNA yield and purity using four RNA isolation kits, (III) replication of RNA yields within and between laboratories, and (IV) composition of total and EV RNAs by reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) and RNA sequencing (RNASeq). The CSF contained ~106 EVs/μL by NTA and VFC. Brain tumour and SAH CSF contained more EVs and RNA relative to normal, AD, and PD. RT‐qPCR and RNASeq identified disease‐related populations of microRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) relative to normal CSF, in both total and EV fractions. This work presents relevant measures selected to inform the design of subsequent replicative CSF studies. The range of neurological diseases highlights variations in total and EV RNA content due to disease or collection site, revealing critical considerations guiding the selection of appropriate approaches and controls for CSF studies.
Surgical Treatment vs Nonsurgical Treatment for Brain Arteriovenous Malformations in Patients with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Retrospective Multicenter Consortium Study
Authors: Meybodi Ali Tayebi , Kim Helen , Nelson Jeffrey , Hetts Steven W , Krings Timo , terBrugge Karel G , Faughnan Marie E , Lawton Michael T ,   On Behalf Of The Brain Vascular Malformation Consortium HHT Investigator Group
Published: May 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are common in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). However, due to the rarity of HHT and little published evidence of outcomes from management of brain AVMs in this disease, current international HHT guidelines recommend an individualized approach. Specifically, the outcomes for surgical vs nonsurgical management of these lesions have not been reported to date.

OBJECTIVE
To report long-term outcomes of surgical resection of brain AVMs in HHT patients compared to outcomes in nonsurgically treated patients.

METHODS
From the database of the Brain Vascular Malformation Consortium HHT project, 19 patients with 20 resected AVMs (group 1) and 22 patients with 33 AVMs who received nonsurgical treatment (group 2) were studied. The groups were retrospectively reviewed for changes in functional status (modified Rankin Scale score) during the follow-up period.

RESULTS
During the follow-up period, 9% of patients in group 1 suffered from worsening of functional status, whereas this figure was 16% for group 2 (P > .05). Functional outcomes were not statistically different between the 2 groups at the latest follow-up (P > .05).

CONCLUSION
HHT patients treated surgically for brain AVMs appear to have long-term functional outcomes comparable to nonsurgical (including observational) therapy with fewer unfavorable outcomes. It is therefore reasonable to consider surgical resection as a management option in the multidisciplinary team's individualized treatment strategy for HHT patients with brain AVMs.