bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review of Outcome Domains in European Mental Healthcare
Authors: Großimlinghaus I. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionQuality in mental healthcare is a complex, multifaceted construct. It can be categorized into structures, processes and outcomes. In the past decade, there have been many initiatives on the assurance and improvement of process quality through the development, evaluation and implementation of process indicators for several important process domains including, for example, continuity and coordination of care. Moreover, outcome measurement, focusing on the extend to which intended outcomes of mental health service provision are achieved, is receiving growing interest and should be pursued through a systematic approach.ObjectivesSystematic compilation of outcome domains in mental healthcare.AimsIdentification of the full range of outcome domains in mental healthcare.MethodsSystematic literature review on outcome domains in mental healthcare.ResultsA whole range of outcome domains can be identified and categorized onto a continuum ranging from ‘traditional’, objective outcome domains, such as mortality and symptomatology, to more subjective outcome domains, such as quality of life and well-being. Moreover, outcome measures in different outcome domains can be assessed taking different perspectives into account, including either the provider or the patient.ConclusionsIn order to develop and implement systematic outcome measurement in mental healthcare, a first step is the identification and systematization of outcome domains in mental healthcare. This will provide a basis for identifying important outcome domains from the perspectives of both, patients and professionals. In a next step, appropriate and important outcome measures can be identified.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Collaborative Space Using the Andalousian Integrated Care Process of Anxiety, Depression and Somatization
Authors: Guerrero Jiménez M. , Rodrigo Manzano J.A. , Carrillo de Albornoz Calahorro C.M. , Girela Serrano B.M. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction/objectivesThe Integrated Care Process of Anxiety, Depression and Somatization (ICP-ADS) lays out the cooperation between primary care (PC) and mental health (MH) as basic premises. Showing this model improves patient detection, inadequate patient referrals, adherence and response to medical treatment.AimsThe Therapeutic Program (TP) established in PC includes low intensity psychological and psychosocial interventions, pharmacological treatment, and use of collaborative space with MH combining consultations, case tracking and educational activities. Our rotation as MH residents in the Community Mental Health Unit (CMHU) has focused on this framework, encouraging the use of a collaborative space.MethodsThree training sessions were used to deal with the process as a whole. PC professionals were given self-help handbooks for low intensity interventions and clinical practice handbooks for psychopharmacological treatment. The referral space was established afterwards, where we took part in the TP founded by the PC doctor. In case the demand would continue, we opened consultation one day a week for co-therapy. With brief interventions of 3–4 sessions we continued the work with self-help guides, which also optimized psychopharmacotherapy.ResultsReferrals were sufficient in many cases. Sixteen procedures were completed in co-therapy, half of which required referrals to encourage adherence. Only a referral to MH had to be done. Three months later, a follow-up showed that no patient in co-therapy had to be referred to specialized care.ConclusionsThe amount of referrals was reduced in comparison to previous months, adherence to interventions of low intensity was improved and was useful in both detection and prevention of new cases.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Fifteen-Month Follow-Up of an Assertive Community Treatment Program for Chronic Patients With Mental Illness
Authors: Jeong J.H. , Lee K.H. , Jon D.I. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThis study was to evaluate the effect of an assertive community treatment (ACT) program on psychiatric symptoms, global functioning, life satisfaction, and recovery-promoting relationships among individuals with mental illness.MethodsThirty-two patients were part of the ACT program and 32 patients matched for age, sex, and mental illness were in a standard case-management program and served as a control group. Follow-up with patients occurred every 3 months during the 15 months after a baseline interview. Participants completed the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) Scale, Life Satisfaction Scale, and Recovery-Promoting Relationship Scale (RPRS).ResultsAccording to the BPRS, the ACT group showed a significant reduction in symptom severity, but the ACT program was not significantly more effective at reducing psychiatric symptoms from baseline to the 15-month follow-up compared to the case-management approach. The ACT group showed more significant improvement than the control group in terms of the GAF Scale. Both groups showed no significant differences in the change of life satisfaction and in the change of recovery-promoting relationships. We observed a significant increase in recovery-promoting relationships in the control group, but the group × time interactions between groups were not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn this study, we observed that ACT was significantly better at improving the GAF than case management. However, ACT did not demonstrate an absolute superiority over the standard case-management approach in terms of the BPRS and the measures of life satisfaction and recovery-promoting relationships. ACT, however, may have some advantages over a standard-case management approach.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Social Representations of Aggravating Factors Living Conditions and Their Connection to Their Psychological Profile
Authors: Kotrotsiou E. , Gouva M. , Briseniou E. , Dragioti E. , Skenteris N. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo investigated the Greek social representations towards harmful factors of health.DesignCross-sectional questionnaire survey.MethodTwo hundred and eighty healthy individuals participated to the present study from different region in Greece. The age range was 19–65 years old. The questionnaire included:– question for the recording of social representations based on free association methods;– The Greek version of the Revised Experiences in Close Relationships (ECRI);– The Symptom Checklist 90-revised (SCL-90);– question for the social-demographic parameters.ResultsOne factor and multifactor analysis was used for statistical analysis. Results showed significant differences in social representation of diet in terms of age and marital status. Place of region and chronic disease were found to affect the development social representations, such as exercise and disease, respectively. Exercise, night out and health were found like positive social representations, smoking and disease were characterized as negatives, whereas diet, alcohol and lifestyle were found controversial enough. Moreover, the results highlight the significant relationship between social representations towards harmful factors of health, psychopathology and attachment style (P < .05).ConclusionThe results of the current study highlighted the importance of studying on social representations and provided more support to the representations theory context. But more crucially, our study highlighted functional domains of them related to psychopathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
How Are You?: A Culturally Sensitive Group Therapy Program for Latinos
Authors: Paris M. , Lopez M. , León-Quismondo L. , Silva M. , Añez L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAn ongoing challenge for the behavioral health field in the United States is ensuring access to culturally and linguistically responsive treatments for the growing number of monolingual Spanish speakers. The limited availability of services further compromises mental health outcomes given the unique psychosocial stressors often experienced in this population, such as language barriers, family separation and inadequate social support, unemployment, trauma, and poverty.ObjectiveIn response to the local demand for services, the authors describe a specialized group program for monolingual Spanish speaking adults with chronic and persistent mental illness.AimsThe program aims are two-fold:– to reduce exacerbation of psychiatric symptoms for individuals presenting in an acute state of distress through the provision of recovery-oriented mental health services in a familiar setting and preferred language;– to offer a specialized behavioral health training experience for bilingual psychology doctoral students.MethodsThe group is led by the psychology fellow and is offered twice per week for a total of six hours, and includes elements of interpersonal and cognitive behavioral therapy; motivational interviewing; spirituality; coping skills training; and art/music.ResultsThe described mental health group program is the only one available in Spanish in the local community and has reduced utilization of the hospital emergency room. Consequently, it fills an important gap in the service system and offers care that would otherwise be unavailable for individuals in need.ConclusionsThe program is a cost-effective alternative to hospitalization for Spanish speaking Latinos and a unique professional experience for psychologists in-training interested in a career in the public sector.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Preserving Control: Understanding People's Experiences Before, During and After Detention Under the Irish Mental Health Act 2001
Authors: McGuinness D. , Higgins A. , Hallahan B. , Bainbridge E. , McDonald C. , Murphy K. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe Mental Health Act 2001 provides a legal framework for the involuntary admission and treatment of individuals deemed to have a mental disorder to psychiatric units. The perspectives of people who have been detained are relatively poorly understood.ObjectiveTo develop a theoretical understanding of individual's experiences throughout the trajectory of their detention and to understand the psychological and social processes that individuals use to cope before, during and after detention.MethodsFifty individuals subject to detention across three psychiatric units consented to be interviewed three months after their detention. Using a semi-structured interview people recounted their experiences. Interviews were analysed using the principles underpinning Grounded Theory.ResultsThe theory ‘Preserving Control’ encapsulates individuals’ experiences and consists of three related themes: ‘Losing Control’, ‘Regaining Control’ and ‘Maintaining Control’. ‘Losing Control’ describes individuals’ experiences of losing their autonomy and liberty thought the process of detention and hospitalisation. ‘Regaining Control describes, the strategies individuals used in an attempted to restore their loss of autonomy and control. ‘Maintaining Control’ describes how individuals lived with the consequences of detention and contended with impact on discharge.ConclusionsWhilst a large variation existed in relation to the subjective experience of being detained, the characteristic process that individuals tend to experience related to identifiable phases of preserving control in the face of this loss of autonomy. Findings from this study highlight the importance of more sensitive interactions support and information during and after the detention process.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Psychological Distress in Pregnant Women
Authors: Xavier S. , Azevedo J. , Bento E. , Marques M. , Soares M. , Martins M.J. , Castilho P. , Nogueira V. , Macedo A. , Pereira A.T. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAnxiety, depression, and stress in pregnancy are risk factors for adverse outcomes for mothers and children (Glover, 2014). There is good evidence showing a decrease in psychological distress when pregnant women participate in interventions comprising mindfulness and self-compassion practices (Dunn et al., 2012). However, there are few studies on the relationship between mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological distress variables in pregnancy, without being within the scope of intervention trials (Cohen, 2010; Zoeterman, 2014).ObjectiveTo explore the association between mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological distress/PD in pregnant women.MethodsFour hundred and twenty-seven pregnant women (mean age: 32.56 ± 4.785 years) in their second trimester of pregnancy (17.34 ± 4.790 weeks of gestation) completed the Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire-10 (FMQ-10; Azevedo et al., 2015; to evaluate Non-udging of experience/NJ, acting with awareness/AA and observing and describing), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS; Bento et al., 2015; to evaluate self-kindness/SK, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness and over-identification) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21; Xavier et al., 2015). Only variables significantly correlated with the outcomes (Total DASS-21, Stress, Anxiety and Depression) were entered in the multiple regression models.ResultsFMQ-10 and SCS Total scores were both significant predictors of DASS-21 (B = –.335,–.296). Stress predictors were NJ, AA, SK and isolation (B = –.164;–.196;–.087; .353); Anxiety predictors were NJ, SK and isolation (B = –.198;–.124; .268); depression predictors were NJ, SK and Isolation (B = –.277;–.128; .232) (all P < .01).ConclusionsMindfulness and self-compassion dimensions, particularly non-udging of experience and self-Kindness are protective for PD in pregnancy. Isolation is a correlate of PD in pregnancy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Experience of Burnout Syndrome In Resident Physicians
Authors: Cigarroa-Vázquez P. , Vargas-Huicochea I. 
Published: May 2016

Medical residents, as a population that is in formation and that represents the workforce in public hospitals, are in a particularly vulnerable situation for the development of burnout syndrome (BOS), defined as a psychosocial disease in response to chronic stress in the work environment. This study analyzed the impact of BOS on a personal level, residents’ ways of coping, and the perceived needs to prevent it.ObjectivesTo analyze the experience of BOS in medical residents of Mexico City.MethodsQualitative design with a phenomenological approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Participants were medical residents in training who agreed to participate. Data analysis was based meaning categorization and condensation, as well as some elements of discourse analysis.ResultsWe had interviews with residents of gynaecology, otorhinolaryngology, family medicine and psychiatry. We have found that there are some specific aspects that contribute to the development BOS:– the hidden curriculum that has become evident through unnecessary punishments;– various roles to be met simultaneously by residents;– the basic needs like sleeping and eating right are not being met due to excessive workload.– impact in general health.ConclusionsIt is necessary to make visible the complexity of the BOS and its impact on trainees to prevent deterioration in the quality of life and overall health status. It would be to achieve the satisfaction of basic needs as essential conditions for physical and mental well-being of all human beings, and more so for those whose task is to contribute to the health of others.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Anticipating the unknown: A mixed method study assessing French psychiatrists opinions towards prognosis in adolescent and young adult psychiatry
Authors: Benoit L. 
Published: May 2016

The early treatment of psychiatric disorders has become a central goal of mental health policies worldwide. Yet little is known about the attitudes of psychiatrists regarding prognosis in their daily work. When treating young patients with acute psychotic symptoms, how do psychiatrists manage diagnostic uncertainty? Do they anticipate the risk of schizophrenia or avoid making prognostications? To what extent do they communicate their expectations to patients and their families?MethodsThis is a mixed method study. Firstly, a series of in depth interviews addressed French youth psychiatrists’ opinions towards prognosis. Participants worked in a variety of settings, public institutions, private practice, and student help. Secondly, an online survey investigated French psychiatrists’ opinion toward prognosis. The survey consisted of the presentation of a clinical vignette in which a psychiatrist communicates on prognosis to a young patient with acute psychotic symptoms. The vignette was randomly shown in four versions with different predictions and outcomes. Respondents were then asked questions regarding prognosis communication.ResultsQualitative analysis stresses psychiatrists’ uncertainty in their daily work with teenagers presenting unclear symptoms that might be the sign of a beginning psychotic process or might as well reflect adolescent unease. Psychiatrists are reluctant to commit into prognosticating or using standardized tools. The contradiction between the expectations that psychiatrists be able to predict what will happen to a young patient and their impossibility to do so, raises an ambivalence that is only managed through a deep emotional involvement. The survey received more than 400 answers, and statistical analysis is in progress.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Koro Syndrome in an Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patient
Authors: Silva L. , Raposo-Lima C. , Soares C. , Cerqueira J.J. , Morgado P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionKoro syndrome is a culturally related disorder characterized by intense anxiety that the penis (vulva or nipples in females) is shrinking or retracting and will recede into the body. Usually it occurs in epidemics in Southeastern Asia, being extremely rare in western countries. The condition is more common in males and is classified within Obsessive Compulsive and Related Disorders.Case reportA 27-year-old single man was referred to the psychiatric department. By the age of 23, he began worrying that his penis was shrinking and retracting into the abdomen. He described these thoughts as intrusive, ridiculous and repetitive. During the first months the thoughts were not very disturbing but he progressively developed an urge to verify the length of his penis several times a day. To diminish the anxiety provoked by the obsessive doubts on penis length, he started to have repetitive thoughts and mental images about sexual acts, to consume pornography compulsively and to increase his masturbatory behaviors (from some times a week to several times a day). He described those thoughts and behaviors as unpleasant and uniquely driven to reduce anxiety provoked by obsessions.He was prescribed fluvoxamine 200 mg/day and initiated cognitive behavioral therapy with good response. Y-BOCS score decreased from 30 at initial evaluation to 18 after 3 months of treatment.ConclusionsKoro syndrome is a very rare condition in psychiatry in western countries, usually presenting secondarily to other psychiatric disorders. Awareness of this diagnosis and knowledge on its management are critical to provide optimal care to patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder With Comorbid Schizotypal Personality Disorder: a Novel Clinical Form?
Authors: Perris F. , Fabrazzo M. , Prisco V. , Giacco D. , Catapano F. 
Published: May 2016

Different studies have identified specific clinical characteristics of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in comorbidity with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD), although no perspective evaluations of prognosis and response to treatment have been conducted so far. The aims of the present study were to evaluate: (1) the clinical and demographic correlates of OCD patients with comorbid SPD (OCD-SPD) using standardized instruments; (2) the response of OCD-SPD patients to long-term naturalistic pharmacological treatment. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with OCD-SPD were compared to patients with “pure OCD”. OCD-SPD patients were characterized by a greater severity of obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, earlier age at onset, a higher rate of schizophrenia spectrum disorders in their first-degree relatives and a poorer insight. During the observational period, OCD-SPD patients were less likely to achieve remission of their symptomatology and required a greater number of trials with different antipsychotic drugs or received more frequently augmentation with antipsychotics. Our findings suggested that comorbidity with SPD is correlated to a poor treatment response in OCD patients and a reduced likelihood to recover from OCD symptoms, following standard pharmacological treatments. Further research is needed to identify alternative strategies for the management of this cohort of patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Comorbidity of Traumatic Life Events in Childhood Age With Adult Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Authors: Kıvılcım S. , Erensoy H. , Tonguç D.B. , Sarıdogan G. , Ebru K. 
Published: May 2016

PurposeObsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a mental disorder characterized by obsessions and/or compulsions. Although some epidemiological studies take part in literature, which claim that traumatic life events in childhood ages are observed more in patients with OCD compared to healthy population, the number of these studies is limited. In this study, it is aimed to compare OCD patients with healthy volunteers in terms of traumatic life events in childhood ages.MethodWith 25 consecutive patients who are diagnosed as OCD and whose treatment continues, 25 healthy controls equivalent in terms of sociodemographic features are included in the study. Sociodemographic Data Form, Childhood Age Trauma Quarter (CTQ) and Maudley Obsessive Compulsive Question List (MOCQL) are applied to the participants. Significance Value in statistical level is accepted as P < 0.05.FindingsIn OCD patient group, CTQ scores are found high in statistical level compared to healthy controls. It has been determined that there is a significant relationship between total score of MOCQL slowness subscale scores, subscale scores of sexual and emotional abuse, MOCQL rumination subscale scores and CTQ sexual abuse scores.ResultCompared to healthy controls, more findings of traumatic life event in childhood age are observed within OCD patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.