bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Syndromic Surveillance for Influenza-Like Illness Across Treatment Settings
Authors: Ridgway Jessica P. , Lauderdale Diane , Thisted Ronald , Robicsek Ari 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVESyndromic surveillance for influenza-like illness (ILI) is predominantly performed in the outpatient setting. The objective of this study was to compare patterns of ILI activity in outpatient, emergency department (ED), and inpatient settings using an electronic syndromic surveillance algorithm.DESIGNRetrospective cohort study over 7.5 years.SETTINGA large community health system comprised of 5 hospitals and >50 clinics.METHODSWe applied an electronic syndromic surveillance algorithm for ILI to all primary-care outpatient visits, inpatient encounters, and ED encounters at our health system. Comparisons of ILI activity over time were performed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Cross correlation was used to compare the timing of ILI activity among treatment settings.RESULTSOverall, 4,447,769 patient encounters occurred during the study period; 152,607 of these (3.4%) were consistent with ILI. The correlation coefficient for ILI activity in the outpatient versus ED setting was 0.877, and for the outpatient versus inpatient setting, the correlation coefficient was 0.699. ILI activity among outpatients preceded ILI activity among inpatients by 1 week. ILI activity among children in the outpatient setting preceded ILI activity among adults in all 3 settings by 1 week.CONCLUSIONSSyndromic surveillance for ILI in the outpatient setting yields similar results to surveillance in the ED setting, but it produces less similar results than ILI surveillance in the inpatient setting. ILI activity in the pediatric outpatient population is a potential predictor of future ILI activity in the general population.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:393–398
BOULEZ, INFORMATION SCIENCE AND IRCAM
Authors: Maconie Robin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe rise of information science and its effect on contemporary arts is a topic raised in Stravinsky and Craft's Memories and Commentaries in 1959. It makes sense to inquire how the fundamental priorities and exact discriminations of communications science might have altered the ground rules of musical invention and contemporary listening habits. Answers lie thin on the ground, the few composers most deeply implicated in the information revolution – Babbitt, Boulez, Stockhausen and Cage in particular – having chosen to remain silent on issues relating to the hidden side of the avant-garde. ‘No gossip!’ said Stockhausen to me, in a blunt email in 1998.
Gas emission of anode polymer coating and its influence on applied – Br magnetically insulated ion diode characteristics
Authors: Lopatin V.S. , Stepanov A.V. , Remnev G.E. , Shamanin V.I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe paper presents the result of investigation gas emission from anode polymer coating of applied – Br magnetically insulated ion diode. The gas pressure value for any polymer type was determined. The investigations of the pressure variation were carried out during the pulse repetition rate of ion beam from 1 to 4 pps. The residual gas pressure value variation inside the vacuum chamber influenced on the ion beam parameters. The mass content of ion beam injected into the transition area did not depend on the residual gas pressure value. The breakdown of residual gas pressure by eddy electric field of magnetic coils was investigated.
Revisiting dynamic constraint satisfaction for model-based planning
Authors: Frank Jeremy 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAs planning problems become more complex, it is increasingly useful to integrate complex constraints on time and resources into planning models, and use constraint reasoning approaches to help solve the resulting problems. Dynamic constraint satisfaction is a key enabler of automated planning in the presence of such constraints. In this paper, we identify some limitations with the previously developed theories of dynamic constraint satisfaction. We identify a minimum set of elementary transformations from which all other transformations can be constructed. We propose a new classification of dynamic constraint satisfaction transformations based on a formal criteria, namely the change in the fraction of solutions. This criteria can be used to evaluate elementary transformations of a constraint satisfaction problem as well as sequences of transformations. We extend the notion of transformations to include constrained optimization problems. We discuss how this new framework can inform the evolution of planning models, automated planning algorithms, and mixed-initiative planning.
Acquisition of nouns and verbs in Italian pre-school children
Authors: COLOMBO LUCIA , NAVARRETE EDUARDO , ARFÉ BARBARA 
Published: December 2016

AbstractNoun and verb acquisition was investigated in three- and five-year-old Italian children by means of picture naming of objects and actions, selected from Druks and Masterson (2000). The aim was to examine the previously reported advantage of nouns compared to verbs. Older children were faster than younger children, and naming latencies were faster for object pictures than for action pictures. For errors, the advantage of objects over actions was greater for younger children. A qualitative analysis of errors was carried out according to a classification derived by Masterson, Druks, and Gallienne (2008). Overall, 25% of the errors reflected a complete lack of knowledge of the names or of the meanings of the pictures. Most errors, however, were likely to be due to a not yet fully developed knowledge of the meaning of words labelling the pictures, or to an incomplete conceptual representation, and this pattern was more marked for action concepts.
Autocracy, Religious Restriction, and Religious Civil War
Authors: Kim Dongsuk , Choi Hyun Jin 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article illuminates the relationship between level of religious restriction and the onset of religious civil war in the context of autocracy. That is, we investigate how autocrats' religious restriction accounts for religious civil war. We hypothesize that in autocracies, moderate religious restriction is likely to engender religious civil war (Hypothesis 1), policy change from religious laissez-faire to moderate restriction raises the probability of religious civil war (Hypothesis 2), and the transition from tight restriction to moderate restriction is likely to trigger religious civil war (Hypothesis 3). To test our hypotheses, we conduct statistical analyses as well as case studies. The results confirm Hypotheses 1 and 2, but not Hypothesis 3. This suggests that (1) within autocracies, different levels of religious restriction exert different effects on religious civil war and (2) moderate religious restriction is dangerous enough to spark religious civil war and religious laissez-faire helps to generate religious peace.
Production of individualized V gene databases reveals high levels of immunoglobulin genetic diversity
Authors: Corcoran Martin M. , Phad Ganesh E. , Bernat Néstor Vázquez , Stahl-Hennig Christiane , Sumida Noriyuki , Persson Mats A.A. , Martin Marcel , Hedestam Gunilla B. Karlsson 
Published: December 2016

AbstractComprehensive knowledge of immunoglobulin genetics is required to advance our understanding of B cell biology. Validated immunoglobulin variable (V) gene databases are close to completion only for human and mouse. We present a novel computational approach, IgDiscover, that identifies germline V genes from expressed repertoires to a specificity of 100%. IgDiscover uses a cluster identification process to produce candidate sequences that, once filtered, results in individualized germline V gene databases. IgDiscover was tested in multiple species, validated by genomic cloning and cross library comparisons and produces comprehensive gene databases even where limited genomic sequence is available. IgDiscover analysis of the allelic content of the Indian and Chinese-origin rhesus macaques reveals high levels of immunoglobulin gene diversity in this species. Further, we describe a novel human IGHV3-21 allele and confirm significant gene differences between Balb/c and C57BL6 mouse strains, demonstrating the power of IgDiscover as a germline V gene discovery tool.
Molecular and electronic structure of terminal and alkali metal-capped uranium(V) nitride complexes
Authors: King David M. , Cleaves Peter A. , Wooles Ashley J. , Gardner Benedict M. , Chilton Nicholas F. , Tuna Floriana , Lewis William , McInnes Eric J. L. , Liddle Stephen T. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDetermining the electronic structure of actinide complexes is intrinsically challenging because inter-electronic repulsion, crystal field, and spin–orbit coupling effects can be of similar magnitude. Moreover, such efforts have been hampered by the lack of structurally analogous families of complexes to study. Here we report an improved method to U≡N triple bonds, and assemble a family of uranium(V) nitrides. Along with an isoelectronic oxo, we quantify the electronic structure of this 5f1family by magnetometry, optical and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopies and modelling. Thus, we define the relative importance of the spin–orbit and crystal field interactions, and explain the experimentally observed different ground states. We find optical absorption linewidths give a potential tool to identify spin–orbit coupled states, and show measurement of UV···UVsuper-exchange coupling in dimers by EPR. We show that observed slow magnetic relaxation occurs via two-phonon processes, with no obvious correlation to the crystal field.
Emergent order in the kagome Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14
Authors: Paddison Joseph A. M. , Ong Harapan S. , Hamp James O. , Mukherjee Paromita , Bai Xiaojian , Tucker Matthew G. , Butch Nicholas P. , Castelnovo Claudio , Mourigal Martin , Dutton S. E. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Ising model—in which degrees of freedom (spins) are binary valued (up/down)—is a cornerstone of statistical physics that shows rich behaviour when spins occupy a highly frustrated lattice such as kagome. Here we show that the layered Ising magnet Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 hosts an emergent order predicted theoretically for individual kagome layers of in-plane Ising spins. Neutron-scattering and bulk thermomagnetic measurements reveal a phase transition at ∼0.3 K from a disordered spin-ice-like regime to an emergent charge ordered state, in which emergent magnetic charge degrees of freedom exhibit three-dimensional order while spins remain partially disordered. Monte Carlo simulations show that an interplay of inter-layer interactions, spin canting and chemical disorder stabilizes this state. Our results establish Dy3Mg2Sb3O14 as a tuneable system to study interacting emergent charges arising from kagome Ising frustration.
Anthropogenic- and natural sources of dust in peatland during the Anthropocene
Authors: Fiałkiewicz-Kozieł B. , Smieja-Król B. , Frontasyeva M. , Słowiński M. , Marcisz K. , Lapshina E. , Gilbert D. , Buttler A. , Jassey V. E. J. , Kaliszan K. , Laggoun-Défarge F. , Kołaczek P. , Lamentowicz M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAs human impact have been increasing strongly over the last decades, it is crucial to distinguish human-induced dust sources from natural ones in order to define the boundary of a newly proposed epoch - the Anthropocene. Here, we track anthropogenic signatures and natural geochemical anomalies in the Mukhrino peatland, Western Siberia. Human activity was recorded there from cal AD 1958 (±6). Anthropogenic spheroidal aluminosilicates clearly identify the beginning of industrial development and are proposed as a new indicator of the Anthropocene. In cal AD 1963 (±5), greatly elevated dust deposition and an increase in REE serve to show that the geochemistry of elements in the peat can be evidence of nuclear weapon testing; such constituted an enormous force blowing soil dust into the atmosphere. Among the natural dust sources, minor signals of dryness and of the Tunguska cosmic body (TCB) impact were noted. The TCB impact was indirectly confirmed by an unusual occurrence of mullite in the peat.
Feasibility Study on Cardiac Arrhythmia Ablation Using High-Energy Heavy Ion Beams
Authors: Lehmann H. Immo , Graeff Christian , Simoniello Palma , Constantinescu Anna , Takami Mitsuru , Lugenbiel Patrick , Richter Daniel , Eichhorn Anna , Prall Matthias , Kaderka Robert , Fiedler Fine , Helmbrecht Stephan , Fournier Claudia , Erbeldinger Nadine , Rahm Ann-Kathrin , Rivinius Rasmus , Thomas Dierk , Katus Hugo A. , Johnson Susan B. , Parker Kay D. , Debus Jürgen , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Bert Christoph , Durante Marco , Packer Douglas L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHigh-energy ion beams are successfully used in cancer therapy and precisely deliver high doses of ionizing radiation to small deep-seated target volumes. A similar noninvasive treatment modality for cardiac arrhythmias was tested here. This study used high-energy carbon ions for ablation of cardiac tissue in pigs. Doses of 25, 40, and 55 Gy were applied in forced-breath-hold to the atrioventricular junction, left atrial pulmonary vein junction, and freewall left ventricle of intact animals. Procedural success was tracked by (1.) in-beam positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging; (2.) intracardiac voltage mapping with visible lesion on ultrasound; (3.) lesion outcomes in pathohistolgy. High doses (40–55 Gy) caused slowing and interruption of cardiac impulse propagation. Target fibrosis was the main mediator of the ablation effect. In irradiated tissue, apoptosis was present after 3, but not 6 months. Our study shows feasibility to use high-energy ion beams for creation of cardiac lesions that chronically interrupt cardiac conduction.
A user-friendly modified pore-solid fractal model
Authors: Ding Dian-yuan , Zhao Ying , Feng Hao , Si Bing-cheng , Hill Robert Lee 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe primary objective of this study was to evaluate a range of calculation points on water retention curves (WRC) instead of the singularity point at air-entry suction in the pore-solid fractal (PSF) model, which additionally considered the hysteresis effect based on the PSF theory. The modified pore-solid fractal (M-PSF) model was tested using 26 soil samples from Yangling on the Loess Plateau in China and 54 soil samples from the Unsaturated Soil Hydraulic Database. The derivation results showed that the M-PSF model is user-friendly and flexible for a wide range of calculation point options. This model theoretically describes the primary differences between the soil moisture desorption and the adsorption processes by the fractal dimensions. The M-PSF model demonstrated good performance particularly at the calculation points corresponding to the suctions from 100 cm to 1000 cm. Furthermore, the M-PSF model, used the fractal dimension of the particle size distribution, exhibited an accepted performance of WRC predictions for different textured soils when the suction values were ≥100 cm. To fully understand the function of hysteresis in the PSF theory, the role of allowable and accessible pores must be examined.
Quantum Zeno-type effect and non-Markovianity in a three-level system
Authors: Karlsson Antti , Francica Francesco , Piilo Jyrki , Plastina Francesco 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe study the coexistence of the quantum Zeno-type effect and non-Markovianity for a system decaying in a structured bosonic environment and subject to a control field. The interaction with the environment induces decay from the excited to the ground level, which, in turn, is coherently coupled to another meta-stable state. The control of the strength of the coherent coupling between the stable levels allows the engineering of both the dissipation and of the memory effects, without modifying neither the system-reservoir interaction, nor environmental properties. We use this framework in two different parameter regimes corresponding to fast (bad cavity limit) and slow dissipation (good cavity limit) in the original and un-controlled qubit system. Our results show a non-monotonic behavior of memory effects when increasing the effectiveness of the Zeno-like freezing. Moreover, we identify a new source of memory effects which allows the persistence of non-Markovianity for long times while the excited state has already been depleted.
Ti/Au Cathode for Electronic transport material-free organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells
Authors: Shi Tongfei , Chen Jian , Zheng Jianqiang , Li Xinhua , Zhou Bukang , Cao Huaxiang , Wang Yuqi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe have fabricated organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cell that uses a Ti/Au multilayer as cathode and does not use electron transport materials, and achieved the highest power conversion efficiency close to 13% with high reproducibility and hysteresis-free photocurrent curves. Our cell has a Schottky planar heterojunction structure (ITO/PEDOT:PSS/perovskite/Ti/Au), in which the Ti insertion layer isolate the perovskite and Au layers, thus proving good contact between the Au and perovskite and increasing the cells’ shunt resistance greatly. Moreover, the Ti/Au cathode in direct contact with hybrid perovskite showed no reaction for a long-term exposure to the air, and can provide sufficient protection and avoid the perovskite and PEDOT:PSS layers contact with moisture. Hence, the Ti/Au based devices retain about 70% of their original efficiency after 300 h storage in the ambient environment.
Identification of novel X-linked gain-of-function RPGR-ORF15 mutation in Italian family with retinitis pigmentosa and pathologic myopia
Authors: Parmeggiani Francesco , Barbaro Vanessa , De Nadai Katia , Lavezzo Enrico , Toppo Stefano , Chizzolini Marzio , Palù Giorgio , Parolin Cristina , Di Iorio Enzo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to describe a new pathogenic variant in the mutational hot spot exon ORF15 of retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) gene within an Italian family with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa (RP), detailing its distinctive genotype-phenotype correlation with pathologic myopia (PM). All members of this RP-PM family underwent a complete ophthalmic examination. The entire open reading frames of RPGR and retinitis pigmentosa 2 genes were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. A novel frame-shift mutation in exon ORF15 of RPGR gene (c.2091_2092insA; p.A697fs) was identified as hemizygous variant in the male proband with RP, and as heterozygous variant in the females of this pedigree who invariably exhibited symmetrical PM in both eyes. The c.2091_2092insA mutation coherently co-segregated with the observed phenotypes. These findings expand the spectrum of X-linked RP variants. Interestingly, focusing on Caucasian ethnicity, just three RPGR mutations are hitherto reported in RP-PM families: one of these is located in exon ORF15, but none appears to be characterized by a high penetrance of PM trait as observed in the present, relatively small, pedigree. The geno-phenotypic attributes of this heterozygosity suggest that gain-of-function mechanism could give rise to PM via a degenerative cell-cell remodeling of the retinal structures.
Effect of Positive Psychological Intervention on Posttraumatic Growth among Primary Healthcare Workers in China: A Preliminary Prospective Study
Authors: Xu Xin , Hu Mu-li , Song Yu , Lu Zhang-xiu , Chen You-qiao , Wu Da-xing , Xiao Tao 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPosttraumatic growth (PTG) is defined as positive psychological change in the wake of highly challenging circumstances. Healthcare workers in particular are more vulnerable to stressors and trauma than the general population. The current study examined the use and effectiveness of a novel positive psychological intervention based on Chinese traditional culture to improve PTG in hospital healthcare workers. The intervention was provided to 579 healthcare workers at hospitals in Guilin, Shenzhen and Xiangtan. Scores on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and its subscales were significantly higher after intervention than before (p < 0.001). Of the five aspects of PTG, the aspect of “new possibilities” benefited the most from intervention (Cohen’s d = 0.45). PTG in women, nurses and college graduates increased to a greater extent than other participants after intervention. It was concluded that our novel intervention is effective at improving PTG in medical staff.
A genome-wide screen for acrophobia susceptibility loci in a Finnish isolate
Authors: Misiewicz Zuzanna , Hiekkalinna Tero , Paunio Tiina , Varilo Teppo , Terwilliger Joseph D. , Partonen Timo , Hovatta Iiris 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAcrophobia, an abnormal fear of heights, is a specific phobia characterized as apprehension cued by the occurrence or anticipation of elevated spaces. It is considered a complex trait with onset influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Identification of genetic risk variants would provide novel insight into the genetic basis of the fear of heights phenotype and contribute to the molecular-level understanding of its aetiology. Genetic isolates may facilitate identification of susceptibility alleles due to reduced genetic heterogeneity. We took advantage of an internal genetic isolate in Finland in which a distinct acrophobia phenotype appears to be segregating in pedigrees originally ascertained for schizophrenia. We conducted parametric, nonparametric, joint linkage and linkage disequilibrium analyses using a microsatellite marker panel, genotyped in families to search for chromosomal regions correlated with acrophobia. Our results implicated a few regions with suggestive evidence for linkage on chromosomes 4q28 (LOD = 2.17), 8q24 (LOD = 2.09) and 13q21-q22 (LOD = 2.22). We observed no risk haplotypes shared between different families. These results suggest that genetic predisposition to acrophobia in this genetic isolate is unlikely to be mediated by a small number of shared high-risk alleles, but rather has a complex genetic architecture.
Structure of Crenezumab Complex with Aβ Shows Loss of β-Hairpin
Authors: Ultsch Mark , Li Bing , Maurer Till , Mathieu Mary , Adolfsson Oskar , Muhs Andreas , Pfeifer Andrea , Pihlgren Maria , Bainbridge Travis W. , Reichelt Mike , Ernst James A. , Eigenbrot Charles , Fuh Germaine , Atwal Jasvinder K. , Watts Ryan J. , Wang Weiru 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAccumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides and amyloid plaque deposition in brain is postulated as a cause of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The precise pathological species of Aβ remains elusive although evidence suggests soluble oligomers may be primarily responsible for neurotoxicity. Crenezumab is a humanized anti-Aβ monoclonal IgG4 that binds multiple forms of Aβ, with higher affinity for aggregated forms, and that blocks Aβ aggregation, and promotes disaggregation. To understand the structural basis for this binding profile and activity, we determined the crystal structure of crenezumab in complex with Aβ. The structure reveals a sequential epitope and conformational requirements for epitope recognition, which include a subtle but critical element that is likely the basis for crenezumab’s versatile binding profile. We find interactions consistent with high affinity for multiple forms of Aβ, particularly oligomers. Of note, crenezumab also sequesters the hydrophobic core of Aβ and breaks an essential salt-bridge characteristic of the β-hairpin conformation, eliminating features characteristic of the basic organization in Aβ oligomers and fibrils, and explains crenezumab’s inhibition of aggregation and promotion of disaggregation. These insights highlight crenezumab’s unique mechanism of action, particularly regarding Aβ oligomers, and provide a strong rationale for the evaluation of crenezumab as a potential AD therapy.