bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MOTIVATION IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE AMONG DIPLOMA STUDENTS IN MALAYSIA
Authors: Mohd Akhir Nurhafeza , Mohamed Mokhtar Mazlin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract: The learning of English as a second language in students is mostly influenced by motivation. English is a common language among students nowadays, especially in social situations. As English has became a crucial ability to acquire, students must learn it at the university level. The objective of the study is to investigate the motivation in learning English among diploma students at Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM). This quantitative study was done to see if students were more motivated to learn English for intrinsic or extrinsic reasons. Participants in this study included a sample of 40 students enrolled in English for Integrated Skills I and II during the second semester of the academic year 2022/2023. The instrument for this study was created using the Gardner's Attitude/Motivation Test Battery (AMTB) Likert scale format, which consisted of five-point Likert scale with sixteen items. The data was analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 27 as well as descriptive analysis of the mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA. According to the findings, extrinsic motivation levels were greater than intrinsic motivation levels. Extrinsic motivation had an overall score of 3.74, while intrinsic motivation received a score of 3.72. It demonstrated that the majority of students were motivated to study English for external reasons. However, the difference was only 0.02. Based on finding in ANOVA, the significant difference was at (p<0.05) which concluded that entrinsic and intrinsic motivations were closely intertwined. This finding demonstrated that both intrinsic and extrinsic drive were strong among students.
Keywords: Intrinsic Motivation, Extrinsic motivation, ESL, AMTB
PENEROKAAN ASPEK PERANCANGAN GURU CEMERLANG BAHASA MELAYU DALAM PENGAJARAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN KOMSAS
Authors: Subri Mohd Rohiman , Zainal Muhammad Zuhair , Nudin Azlinda Boheran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract: This article focuses on the planning aspects of Excellent Malay Language Teachers (GCBMs) in the Teaching and Learning (TnL) of literary components (Komsas) in line with the requirements of the Malay Language Curriculum. GCBMs are expert teachers who play a crucial role in implementing Komsas teaching according to the requirements of KPM, which serves as a resource for teaching skills and aspects of the Malay Language subject. The objective of this qualitative study with a phenomenological approach is to explore the planning aspects of GCBMs in Komsas TnL. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with seven GCBMs in Malaysia. The study identifies four key planning aspects: Initial Komsas TnL planning, planning of Komsas teaching activities, planning of Komsas teaching aids, and planning of Komsas teaching assessment. The findings suggest that these planning aspects contribute to implementing Komsas TnL effectively as desired in the Malay Language curriculum. Future research should consider diversifying research methods and expanding the categories of study participants. Overall, the planning aspects of GCBMs in Komsas TnL are essential for ensuring effective Komsas teaching.
Keywords: Excellent Malay language Teachers; Malay language; TnL planning; Literary components

Abstrak: Aspek perancangan PdP Guru cemerlang sewajarnya diteliti dengan terperinci untuk memastikan keberkesanan dalam penyampaian kandungan pembelajaran karya sastera. Perkara sedemikian penting kerana mereka merupakan contoh kepada guru lain dalam memastikan pengajaran ini mengikut kehendak Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia iaitu membantu memgembangkan potensi murid dalam menguasai kemhiran bahasa serta aspek dalam objektif mata pelajaran Bahasa Melayu. Matlamat penting penerokaan ini memberi adalah untuk meneroka aspek perancangan dalam memastikan pengajaran karya sastera berjaya mencapai matlamat. Reka bentuk kajian ini mengaplikasikan kaedah kualitatif menerusi pendekatan fenomenologi. Kajian ini menggunakan data temu bual secara mendalam terhadap tujuh informan kajian yang terdiri daripada Guru Cemerlang Bahasa Melayu di negara Malaysia. Dapatan keseluruhan berkaitan aspek perancangam kajian diperoleh daripada informan kajian dalam PdP komsas berteraskan perancangan (i) asas karya sastera; (ii) aktiviti pengajaran karya sastera; (iii) bahan bantu pengajaran karya sastera dan (iv) pentaksiran pengajaran karya sastera. Sarjana akan datang dicadangkan untuk mempelbagaikan lagi sumber data dari segi pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen. Kesimpulannya, aspek perancangan yang diperoleh daripada informan kajian dalam melaksanakan pengajaran karya sastera amat bersesuaian untuk dipraktikan untuk menarik minat murid bagi mempelajari karya sastera.
Kata Kunci: Guru Cemerlang; Bahasa Melayu; Perancangan PdP; DSKP; Komsas
Kontribusi Komunitas Serikat Pekerja Rumah Tangga (SPRT) dalam Pendampingan Pekerja Rumah Tangga di Tangerang Selatan
Authors: Annisa Rizny , Hikmawan M. Dian 
Published: September 2024

AbstrakSerikat Pekerja Rumah Tangga (SPRT) merupakan komunitas kelompok para pekerja rumah tangga yang kehadirannya difaktori oleh banyaknya permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh para PRT, khususnya dikecualikannya PRT dari payung hukum ketenagakerjaan. Pekerja rumah tangga rentan mengalami kekerasan dalam bekerja dikarenakan tidak adanya batasan hukum yang jelas antar PRT dan majikan. Dengan banyaknya permasalahan yang terjadi, maka PRT membentuk kelompok komunitas non-pemerintahan yakni Serikat Pekerja Rumah Tangga (SPRT). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan mengenai pendampingan yang diberikan oleh SPRT Tangsel kepada para Pekerja Rumah Tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori Community Development Jim Ife frank dengan 4 indikator peran. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa SPRT Rumpun Tangsel melakukan pendampingan kepada sesama anggotanya melalui 4 peran pendampingan komunitas. Yakni peranan memfasilitasi, peranan edukasi, peranan representasi, dan peranan teknis. SPRT Tangsel menjadi komunitas yang mendampingi para pekerja rumah tangga di Tangerang Selatan dalam memperjuangkan hak mereka sebagai pekerja.Kata Kunci: Pekerja Rumah Tangga, Pendampingan, Komunitas AbstractThe Domestic Workers Union (SPRT) is a community of domestic workers whose presence is motivated by the many problems faced by domestic workers, especially the exclusion of domestic workers from the labor law. Domestic workers are vulnerable to violence at work due to the absence of clear legal boundaries between domestic workers and employers. With the many problems that occur, domestic workers formed a non-governmental community group, the Domestic Workers Union (SPRT). This research aims to explain the assistance provided by SPRT Tangsel to domestic workers. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection techniques using observation, interviews and documentation. This research uses Jim Ife Frank's Community Development theory with 4 role indicators. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that SPRT Rumpun Tangsel provides assistance to its fellow members through 4 community assistance roles. Namely, the facilitating role, the educational role, the representation role, and the technical role. SPRT Tangsel is a community that assists domestic workers in South Tangerang in fighting for their rights as workers.Keywords: Domestic Worker, Mentoring, Community
Kebijakan Pertanian Berkelanjutan Melalui Program Pertanian Lahan Kering 10 Hektar
Authors: Helena Egberta , Himang Willibrordus , Jamal Muh 
Published: September 2024

AbstrakSebagai kabupaten termuda di Kalimantan Timur dan kaya akan sumber daya alamnya, kegiatan pembangunan di Mahakam Ulu terus gencar dilakukan guna mengejar ketertinggalan infrastruktur baik itu fisik maupun non fisik, termasuk pada bidang pertanian. Hal ini dipengaruhi letak dan jarak akses yang ada di Kabupaten Mahakam Ulu yang memerlukan adanya kemandirian pangan untuk menekan biaya pemenuhan pangan yang terlalu tinggi. Sebagai langkah untuk menghindari eksplotasi lahan yang berlebihan, dan juga menjaga kualitas sumber daya alam yang ada, sejak tahun 2017 pemerintah mengeluarkan program perlindungan lahan pertanian berkelanjutan, yang pada program ini sendiri dipadu padankan dengan program lahan kering 10 hektar. Penelitian ini sendiri menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk memberikan deskripsi dan gambaran hasil temuan dalam penelitian, selain itu metode pengumpulan data dilakukan menggunakan studi kepustakaan. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan program lahan kering 10 hektar sudah mengarah pada usaha pertanian yang berkelanjutan. Disamping itu perlu adanya penambahan sumber daya manusia dari sisi tenaga teknis dan penguatan pemahaman masyarakat dari sosialisasi terkait pentingnya menjaga keberlanjutan dalam pertanian.Kata Kunci: Pertanian, Pertanian Berkelanjutan, Lahan Kering AbstractAs the youngest regency in East Kalimantan and rich in natural resources, development activities in Mahakam Ulu are vigorously carried out to catch up with infrastructure, both physical and non-physical, including in the agricultural sector. This is influenced by the location and access distance in Mahakam Ulu Regency, which requires food self-sufficiency to reduce the high cost of food supply. As a measure to avoid excessive land exploitation and to maintain the quality of existing natural resources, the government launched a sustainable agricultural land protection program in 2017, which is integrated with the 10-hectare dry land program. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach to provide a description and overview of the findings in the research, and data collection is conducted using literature study. The findings in this study indicate that the 10-hectare dry land program has already moved towards sustainable agricultural efforts. In addition, there is a need for additional human resources in terms of technical personnel and strengthening public understanding through socialization regarding the importance of maintaining sustainability in agriculture.Keywords: Agriculture, Sustainable Agriculture, Dryland Agriculture
No Time for Justice? Obstetric Violence, Damages Claims and Prescription Periods in South African Law
Authors: Swemmer Sheena 
Published: September 2024

Obstetric violence is currently not acknowledged as a form of gender-based violence in South African law. In this article I deal with the various issues associated with this failure to correctly categorise obstetric violence. One of the issues relates to access to legal recourse for survivors through delictual claims (torts). Delictual claims are wrongful acts or limitations of rights that can lead to legal liability in the form of monetary compensation. The current framing of obstetric violence as medical malpractice limits women's time to launch a case to only three years after the violation. To show how this issue of prescription (a legal principle where an outstanding debt can be extinguished after a prescribed time period) plays out, I focus on the 2020 report by the South African Commission for Gender Equality (CGE) on the forced or coerced sterilisation of women living with HIV at state healthcare facilities. I also examine the current case of the Centre for Applied Legal Studies (CALS), a university-based human rights law clinic, which represents over 40 women who have experienced different forms of obstetric violence at state-run facilities. In both of these examples, I explain how justice through legal recourse is denied to these victims or survivors through the mischaracterisation of obstetric violence as medical malpractice in current South African law. To show that the three-year ‘limit’ or prescription period to institute a legal claim is unjustifiable, I explore three reasons why women may not choose to or be able to proceed with a legal claim within that time period. The first of these relates to the ‘personal’ barrier women face around acknowledging they have experienced obstetric violence and bringing a claim against the state. The second, the ‘political’ barrier, includes the general and prevalent systemic gender discrimination experienced by women in South Africa and the specific barriers women face around access to dignified treatment in the country's public healthcare system. Finally, an ‘economic’ barrier is the general inaccessibility of legal representation for economically disadvantaged people in the country. Proceeding from the above, I then argue that by acknowledging obstetric violence as a form of gender-based violence and aligning it with legislation around prescription periods for other forms of gender-based violence (such as sexual offences), the burdens related to access to justice (at least in delict) can be lightened for survivors.
Joint Deconvolution of Astronomical Images in the Presence of Poisson Noise
Authors: Donath Axel , Siemiginowska Aneta , Kashyap Vinay L. , van Dyk David A. , Burke Douglas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present a new framework for joint likelihood deconvolution (Jolideco) of a set of astronomical observations of the same sky region in the presence of Poisson noise. The observations may be obtained from different instruments with different resolution, and different point-spread functions (PSFs). Jolideco reconstructs a single flux image by optimizing the posterior distribution based on the joint Poisson likelihood of all observations under one of several prior distributions. Most notably, we employ a patch-based image prior that is parameterized via a Gaussian mixture model, which we train on high-signal-to-noise astronomical images, including data from the JWST and the GLEAM radio survey. This prior favors correlation structures among the reconstructed pixel intensities that are characteristic of those observed in the training images. It is, however, not informative for the mean or scale of the reconstruction. By applying the method to simulated data, we show that the combination of multiple observations and the patch-based prior leads to much improved reconstruction quality in many different source scenarios and signal-to-noise regimes. We demonstrate that with the patch prior Jolideco yields superior reconstruction quality relative to alternative standard methods such as the Richardson–Lucy method. We illustrate the results of Jolideco applied to example data from the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. By comparing the measured width of a counts-based and the corresponding Jolideco flux profile of an X-ray filament in SNR 1E 0102.2–7219, we find the deconvolved width of 0.″58 ± 0.″02 to be consistent with the theoretical expectation derived from the known width of the PSF.
Mapping Multiphase Metals in Star-forming Galaxies: A Spatially Resolved UV+Optical Study of NGC 5253
Authors: Abril-Melgarejo Valentina , James Bethan L. , Aloisi Alessandra , Mingozzi Matilde , Lebouteiller Vianney , Hernandez Svea , Kumari Nimisha ,   AAS Journals Data Editors
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present a pioneering, spatially resolved, multiphase gas abundance study on the blue compact dwarf galaxy NGC 5253, targeting 10 star-forming (SF) clusters inside six far-UV (FUV) Hubble Space Telescope/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) pointings with cospatial optical Very Large Telescope/MUSE observations throughout the galaxy. The SF regions span a wide range of ages (1–15 Myr) and are distributed at different radii (50–230 pc). We performed a robust absorption-line profile fitting on the COS spectra, covering 1065–1430 Å in the FUV, allowing an accurate computation of neutral-gas abundances for 13 different ions sampling eight elements. These values were then compared with the ionized-gas abundances, measured using the direct method on MUSE integrated spectra inside analog COS apertures. Our multiphase, spatially resolved comparisons find abundances, which are lower in the neutral gas than the ionized gas by 0.22, 0.80, and 0.58 dex for log(O/H), log(N/H), and log(N/O), respectively. We modeled the chemical abundance distributions and evaluated correlations as a function of the radius and age. It was found that, while N, O, and N/O abundances decrease as a function of age in the ionized gas, they increase with age in the neutral gas. No strong correlations for N, O, or N/O were observed as a function of the radius. The N/O and N/H offsets between the phases were found to decrease with age, providing evidence that chemical enrichment happens differentially, first in the ionized-gas phase around 2–5 Myrs (due to N-rich Wolf–Rayet stars) and then mixing out into the cold neutral gas on longer timescales of 10–15 Myr.
Solar Orbiter Observations of Proton and Alpha Particle Kinetic Signatures Related to the Presence of Switchbacks in the Inner Heliosphere: A Case Study
Authors: Perrone Denise , Settino Adriana , Perri Silvia , D’Amicis Raffaella , De Marco Rossana , Nicolaou Georgios , Telloni Daniele , Bruno Roberto , Owen Christopher J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We investigate how ions, namely protons and alpha particles, kinetically react to the presence of strong deflections in the magnetic field, the so-called switchbacks, in the first stream of slow Alfvénic wind observed by Solar Orbiter at the heliocentric distance of 0.64 au. We focus on an isolated, large-scale switchback, and we study in detail ion kinetic properties. Beyond the expected correlation between the magnetic deflection and ion velocity related to the Alfvénic nature of the switchbacks, we find that, within the switchback, proton and alpha particle densities increase, suggesting ongoing wave activity. Very interestingly, we observe a clear correlation between the magnetic deflection and alpha particle temperature, while no correlation has been found with proton temperature. This is an indication of a possible role played by switchbacks in preferentially heating heavy ions. Our results suggest that the presence of switchbacks can induce a deformation of the proton velocity distribution function, while the preferential heating of alpha particles could be due to a denser secondary beam and a smaller relative drift speed between the beam and core.
A Closer Look at the Extended Edge-on Low-surface Brightness Galaxies
Authors: Saburova Anna S. , Gasymov Damir , Rubtsov Evgenii V. , Chilingarian Igor V. , Borisov Sviatoslav , Gerasimov Ivan , Kolganov Fedor , Kasparova Anastasia V. , Uklein Roman I. , Bílek Michal , Grishin Kirill A. , Zasov Anatoly , Demianenko Mariia , Katkov Ivan Yu. , Lalović Ana , Samurović Srdjan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To understand the origin of extended disks of low-surface brightness (LSB) galaxies, we studied in detail four such systems with large disks seen edge on. Two of them are edge-on giant LSB galaxies (gLSBGs) recently identified by our team. The edge-on orientation of these systems boosts their surface brightnesses that provided an opportunity to characterize stellar populations spectroscopically and yielded the first such measurements for edge-on gLSBGs. We collected deep images of one galaxy using the 1.4 m Milanković Telescope, which we combined with the archival Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam and DESI Legacy Surveys data available for the three other systems, and measured the structural parameters of the disks. We acquired deep long-slit spectra with the Russian 6 m telescope and the 10 m Keck II telescope and estimated stellar population properties in the high-surface brightness and LSB regions as well as the gas-phase metallicity distribution. The gas metallicity gradients are shallow to flat in the range between 0 and −0.03 dex per exponential disk scale length, which is consistent with the extrapolation of the gradient–scale length relation for smaller disk galaxies. Our estimates of stellar velocity dispersion in the LSB disks as well as the relative thickness of the disks indicate the dynamical overheating. Our observations favor mergers as the essential stage in the formation scenario for massive LSB galaxies.
Neutrino Oscillation Effects on the Luminosity of Neutrino-dominated Accretion Flows around Black Holes
Authors: Deesamer Chitipat , Chainakun Poemwai , Sreethawong Warintorn 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A stellar-mass black hole surrounded by the neutrino-dominated accretion flow (NDAF) has been proposed as the central engine of gamma-ray bursts. In this work, we investigate the neutrino/antineutrino luminosity and annihilation luminosity from the NDAF and pair annihilation model, taking into account the neutrino oscillation above the accretion disk. The disk's hydrodynamical properties are modeled using an empirical solution previously derived with boundary conditions, including the effect of electron degeneracy and neutrino trapping. Our key parameters are the mass accretion rate and the black hole spin given in the ranges of

M

̇

=
0.1

–10 M
⊙ s−1 and 0 ≤ a < 1, respectively. Without neutrino oscillation, the obtained neutrino/antineutrino luminosity is ∼1051–1053 erg s−1, while the neutrino annihilation luminosity is found to be ∼1046–1051 erg s−1. In the presence of neutrino oscillation in the vacuum limit, the electron neutrino annihilation luminosity decreases by ≲22% through the flavor transformation, while the muon and tau neutrino luminosity can increase by up to ∼45% and 60%, respectively. As a result, the total annihilation luminosity can be reduced by up to ∼19% due to the oscillation process above the disk. Finally, we also investigate the case whereby the charge-conjugation-parity-symmetry-violating (CP-violating) phase is changed from δCP = 0° to 245°. However, our results reveal that the CP-violating phase has minimal impact on the neutrino annihilation luminosity.
X-Ray Flashes on Helium Novae
Authors: Kato Mariko , Hachisu Izumi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A helium nova occurs on a white dwarf (WD) accreting hydrogen-deficient matter from a helium star companion. When the mass of a helium envelope on the WD reaches a critical value, unstable helium burning ignites to trigger a nova outburst. A bright soft X-ray phase appears in an early outbursting phase of a helium nova before it optically rises toward maximum. Such an X-ray bright phase is called the X-ray flash. We present theoretical light curves of X-ray flashes for 1.0, 1.2, and 1.35 M
☉ helium novae with mass accretion rates of (1.6–7.5) × 10−7
M
☉ yr−1. Long durations of the X-ray flashes (100 days–10 yr) and high X-ray luminosities (∼1038 erg s−1) indicate that X-ray flashes are detectable as a new type of X-ray transient or persistent X-ray sources. An X-ray flash is a precursor of optical brightening, so that the detection of X-ray flashes on helium novae enables us to plan arranged observation for optical premaximum phases that have been one of the frontiers of the study of novae. We found a candidate object of helium-burning X-ray flash from the literature on extragalactic X-ray surveys. This X-ray transient source is consistent with our X-ray flash model of a 1.35 M
⊙ WD.