bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Magnetoencephalography Profile of Patients with Drug-Resistant Focal Epilepsy and Normal MRI
Authors: Asranna Ajay , Abdulhak Asheeb , Viswanathan Lakshminarayanapuram Gopal , Mundlamuri Ravindranandh Chowdary , Kenchaiah Raghavendra , Narayanan Mariyappa , Gautham Bhargava , Jayabal Velumurugan , Bharath Rose Dawn , Saini Jitender , Nagaraj Chandana , Mangalore Sandhya , Kulanthaivelu Karthik , Sadashiva Nishanth , Mahadevan A , Rajeswaran Jamuna , Arimappamagan Arivazhagan , Malla Bhaskara Rao , Sinha Sanjib 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives:
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) could be a valuable tool in the presurgical evaluation of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), especially when the initial evaluation is inconclusive. In this retrospective study, we describe the profile of MEG in patients with DRE and normal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods:
We included patients with focal epilepsy and normal MRI who underwent presurgical evaluation for DRE. MEG profiles of these patients, including the frequency of spikes, density of clusters, number of clusters, and concordance with video electroencephalography (VEEG), were analyzed.

Results:
Of the 73 patients included, magnetic source imaging (MSI) provided localizing information in 51 (69.9%) patients. Among patients with localizing MEG findings, localizing information on VEEG too was noted in 42 (57.5% of the whole cohort). Thirty-one (42.5%) patients had concordant findings with region-specific localization, six (8.2%) patients had partial concordance, and five (6.8%) subjects showed discordant findings. There was a moderate agreement for the presumed epileptogenic zone in comparing findings derived from MEG and VEEG (kappa value of 0.451, P < 0.001). The agreement was lower when MEG localized to the frontal lobe (kappa value of 0.379, P = 0.001) than the temporal lobe (kappa value 0.442, P = 0.002).

Conclusions:
MEG can provide localizing information in most patients with a normal MRI. A moderate degree of agreement between localization by MEG and VEEG was noted. These findings highlight the usefulness of MSI in the presurgical evaluation of MRI-negative DRE.
Comparative Analysis of Impacted Mandibular Third Molar Root Proximity to the Mandibular Canal using Orthopantomography and Cone-beam Computed Tomography Imaging Modalities: A Pilot Study
Authors: Joshi Jigar , Dudhia Bhavin , Mehta Dhaval , Thaker Niral , Patel Hitesh 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Fully detect risks of nerve damage, which can lead to temporary or permanent issues. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) offers a three-dimensional (3D) view, providing more detailed visualisation of anatomical structures and their spatial relationships, which improves the accuracy of predicting nerve exposure. The study aims to evaluate and compare these imaging techniques’ effectiveness in categorising the relationship between third molars and the inferior alveolar canal, emphasising the importance of precise imaging for safer surgical outcomes.

Materials and Methods:
A pilot study involving 20 patients, representing 10% of the total sample size of 200, was conducted at Ahmedabad Dental College’s Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology. Investigators, trained to interpret radiological images from orthopantomography (OPG) and CBCT, compared their interpretations with those of two experts. A high inter-rater reliability was confirmed with a kappa statistic of 0.98. Following ethical approval, data were retrospectively collected from 20 cases, with digital OPG and CBCT images analysed and classified according to established criteria.

Results:
The results revealed a significant association between the results diagnosed through OPG and CBCT indicating similarity in their diagnosis. It was also seen that there was no bias towards the gender and the distribution was similar in case of diagnosis through OPG or CBCT.

Conclusion:
CBCT demands an in-depth understanding of anatomy and pathology, coupled with proficiency in operating imaging software and the ability to identify abnormalities in cross-sectional images. When executed and interpreted accurately, CBCT proves to be an exceptionally valuable tool in clinical dental practice. Its detailed 3D imaging capabilities enhance the assessment of complex cases, such as those involving intricate anatomical structures and pathologies. By providing comprehensive views that surpass traditional two-dimensional imaging, CBCT aids in precise diagnosis and treatment planning, making it an indispensable resource for addressing various dental conditions effectively.
Association between Body Mechanics and Perceived Musculoskeletal Problems among Construction Workers of Udupi District, Karnataka, India: A Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Nayak Raghavendra , Alva Janet , Vinish V 
Published: September 2024

Background and Objectives:
Construction workers are prone to develop musculoskeletal problems and it is a leading cause for the morbidity due to their work type. This study aimed to assess the body mechanics practice and perceived musculoskeletal problems of construction workers.

Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between November 2019 and July 2020 among 390 construction workers at construction sites under selected villages of Udupi District, Karnataka by using by proportionate method. Villages were selected using a simple random sampling method and samples were collected by convenience sampling. Samples were mason helpers between 20 and 50 years of age, without any history of chronic musculoskeletal problems. Tools used were demographic proforma, self-reported body mechanics practice questionnaire, and modified Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. Analysis done with descriptive and inferential statistics by using SPSS Version 16.0.

Results:
Majority 144 (36.9%) of the participants were in the age group between 41 and 50 years. Most 376 (96.4%) of them were men and majority of them 309 (79%) followed fair body mechanics practice and 191 (49%) of the participants had low back problems and were responsible for their activity restrictions. Body mechanic practice of the construction workers was found to be significantly associated with unhealthy practice (P ≤ 0.001) and health problems (P < 0.001).

Conclusion:
The study concluded that the body mechanic practice of the construction workers was found to be significantly associated with unhealthy practices and health problems. The study recommends that educating construction workers about the importance of following proper body mechanics at the workplace and during day-to-day activities is crucial to prevent musculoskeletal problems and improve quality of life.
A Cross-sectional Study on Association of Iliopsoas Muscle Length with Lumbar Lordosis Among Desk Job Workers
Authors: Singhvi Prachi M. , Bharnuke Juhi K. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Prolonged hours of sitting in sustained posture is a common job requirement of desk job workers. Potential risk of iliopsoas muscle shortening leading to lumbar hyperlordosis, which in turn may cause low-back pain was identified. Thus, this study determined association between iliopsoas muscle length and lumbar lordosis in desk job workers.

Methods and Material:
This cross-sectional study was conducted on forty-six desk job workers working for 5 hrs/day for at least 5 years. Workers were assessed for iliopsoas muscle length using Modified Thomas test and flexi-ruler was used to measure lumbar lordosis. Pearson’s correlation was operated for association of iliopsoas length with lumbar lordosis.

Results:
Lumbar lordosis demonstrated moderate positive correlation with both right (r = 0.628) and left Iliopsoas muscle length (r = 0.647).

Conclusion:
This study concluded workers with higher degree of lumbar lordosis presented with shorter iliopsoas length. Timely intervention to maintain the length of this muscle will ensure low incidence of low-back pain among desk job workers thereby safeguarding their spine due to cumulative trauma.
A Rare Case of Idiopathic Ventral Cord Herniation with Spastic Paraparesis Treated with Microsurgery and Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring
Authors: Abdullah Md , Raju B. S. V. , Jadhav Vivek 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Idiopathic ventral spinal cord herniation is an exceedingly rare and progressive cause of myelopathic presentation and is usually seen in the thoracic spinal cord. Our report here presents a typical clinical picture, the diagnosis, and surgical management of ventral cord herniation. The imaging shows ventral herniation of the dura through a formed defect in the ventral thecal sac. This herniation causes slow and progressive damage to the herniated cord and leads to the typical myelopathic picture with or without bowel and bladder involvement. Ventral cord herniation is a rare but treatable condition. It’s natural progression and methods of management need further research due to its rarity. Surgical treatment is needed in symptomatic cases and carries high risks, but the outcome is usually favourable. IONM is also useful during surgery to reduce deficits.
Analysis of real-time RT-PCR and rapid antigen test and its correlation with clinical characteristics, investigation profile, and imaging of SARI-suspected COVID-19 infections
Authors: Lenka Roshan Kanheya , Patnaik Bhabani , Patra Jeetendra Ku , Patro Somi , Mohapatra Dharitri , Chayani Nirupama , Das Mahadev 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a significant global public health issue.

Aims and Objectives:
This study aims to describe the demographic characteristics, comorbidities, clinical presentations, inflammatory biomarkers, and chest computed tomography (CT) findings of patients with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) at a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India. Additionally, the study aims to evaluate different COVID-19 diagnostic methods.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Odisha, India. All admitted SARI patients underwent COVID-19 testing. Data on demographics, clinical presentations, laboratory investigations, and outcomes at 72 h were collected. COVID-19 diagnostic methods were also analyzed.

Statistical Analysis:
The statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 9.5.

Results:
Among the 830 patients studied, 305 tested positive for COVID-19. The rapid antigen test (RAT) demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.85% and a specificity of 97.43% compared to the real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test. Discrepancies with RAT results were noted in cases with higher cycle threshold (Ct) values (>25). A male predominance was observed, with a mean age of 43.30 ± 15.19 years in the COVID-19-positive group and 40.95 ± 17.15 years in the COVID-19-negative group. Patients with multiple comorbidities (15.68%) had a higher susceptibility to COVID-19 infection. The COVID-19-positive group showed a significantly elevated neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (P = 0.0001) and thrombocytopenia (P = 0.001). Inflammatory biomarkers, including CRP, LDH, ferritin, D-dimer, and IL-6, were markedly elevated in swab-positive cases. Bilateral chest involvement and ground glass opacities were common radiological findings in both groups.

Conclusion:
In resource-limited settings, the RAT is considered an alternative screening tool for COVID-19. Initial laboratory and radiological investigations may aid clinicians in effective management of such patients.
Retroperitoneal tumors: a case series and literature review
Authors: Korant Chandradevi , Singh Iqbal , Ratanpara Kirtan , Vaghela Kalpesh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Retroperitoneal tumors present significant diagnostic challenges. These tumors can either originate from retroperitoneal tissues or invade the retroperitoneum secondarily. While occurrence of benign lesions is observed, malignant tumors are more prevalent. The clinical presentation varies greatly depending on the tumor size, extent, and involvement of the surrounding tissues, making diagnosis difficult. Given the heterogeneous composition of the tumors, establishing a definitive diagnosis is challenging. Histopathology remains the gold standard technique for studying and analyzing these tumors, with immunohistochemistry being an important tool for confirming the diagnosis. Thus, we describe our experience with a series of four cases of rare retroperitoneal tumors, all of which were surgically resected and subjected to histopathological and immunohistochemical analyses.
Foramen Magnum: Morphometric Analysis in Dry Adult Human Skulls
Authors: Mehta Akshaj , Kalra Sunita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Foramen magnum (FM) is a crucial aperture situated in the occipital bone and connects the brain to the spinal cord. Its size and dimensions are crucial in understanding a range of disorders, with implications for clinical, surgical, radiological, and forensic fields. We undertook the present study to analyze the morphometry of FM in detail and to compare this data with other similar studies.

Methodology:
This study analyzed 51 dry human skulls from Northern India of unspecified gender. Morphometric assessments of the FM were conducted, encompassing measurements of its shape, anteroposterior diameter (APD), transverse diameter (TD), FM index (FMI), size, and surface area using digital Vernier calipers. Minimum, maximum, and mean values and standard deviations (SDs) were calculated for each parameter. A comparison with previous studies was conducted.

Results:
The study established that the most common shape of FM as calculated by the ratio of AP diameter to TD was round (58.8% of specimens) and the majority of FM (41.1%) were narrow according to Martin and Saller classification. Mean APD was 33.71 ± 2.53, and TD was 27.88 ± 1.92; AP diameter was significantly greater than TD (P < 0.05). FMI ranged from 70.54 to 93.55 (mean: 82.92 and SD: 5.63). The mean surface area as calculated by Teixeira’s method was higher compared to Radinsky’s formula; 747.51 ± 96.25 mm2 and 739.93 ± 94.85 mm2, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.68).

Conclusion:
This study furnishes data on detailed morphometry of FM, a complete knowledge of which is essential for planning surgical procedures for optimal preoperative and postoperative results. It provides an objective definition of the FM’s morphology and highlights the ambiguous role of visual assessment which needs to be reconsidered. The comparison of present morphometric data with other national and international studies further highlights the ethnic and genetic variation of FM.
Neurosurrealism in the Service of Revolution: Aesthetic Features and Critical Potential of Neural Network Art
Authors: Tanyushina Alexandra A. 
Published: September 2024

The rapid development of neural network technologies in recent years has given rise to the formation of many interdisciplinary research areas, including neural network aesthetics. The aesthetics of generative creativity today is studied not only in the context of the history of digital art, but also in comparison with the practices of other artistic trends and schools. Thus, the expression “neural surrealism”, which has become entrenched in popular discourse, undoubtedly refers to the aesthetics of classical surrealism, framed and fixed in Andre Breton’s program texts: neural network algorithms allow you to create images that seem both realistic and absurd due to unexpected combinations of objects, distorted proportions and presence of uncanny images. Although “neural surrealism” can be seen as a depoliticized and unbiased game of generated images in contrast to the surrealism of the 1920s and 30s, which was not merely an artistic movement but a radical social project, it appears that the very ability of neural networks to generate extraordinary and unpredictable images holds a certain critical potential. Using the methods of formal-stylistic and ideological-content analysis, the author of the article concludes that “neurosurrealism” in a sense continues the line of classical surrealism to undermine the automatism of perception and patterns of thinking. Generative algorithms become a kind of “exclusion production machines” that allow you to see reality from an unexpected angle. In addition, the very fact of using neural networks in art raises important questions about the nature of creativity, the limits of artificial intelligence and the future of man in the world of smart machines. Neurosurrealism problematizes well-established ideas about the originality and intentionality of artistic expression, which indicates the close connection of generative artistic practices with the aesthetics of classical surrealist creativity. The conducted research will be useful to specialists of a wide profile: media theorists, art historians, philosophers, cultural scientists, as well as developers and representatives of the creative industries.
Teks dan Konteks Penafsiran Ayat-ayat Tentang Buah-buahan dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Hery Sahputra  
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini mengkaji tentang teks dan konteks ayat-ayat tentang buah-buahan dalam al-Quran. Ayat-ayat tentang buah-buahan tersebar dalam berbagai ayat sebagai penegasan tentang pentingnya buah-buahan tersebut. Penelitian ini mengajukan pertanyaan apa saja ayat-ayat tentang buah-buahan dan bagaimana penafsiran tentang ayat-ayat tentang buah-buahan? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian digunakan kualitatif yang berusaha menggali dan menemukan dari tafsir yang dijadikan sebagai sumber primer. Temuan penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa ada 6 (enam) buah-buahan yang disebutkan dalam al-Qur’an, yaitu pisang, tin, zaitun, kurma, delima dan anggur yang tersebar dalam berbagai bagai ayat. Penafsiran terhadap ayat-ayat tentang buah-buahan umumnya merujuk pada pemahaman bahwa buah-buahan sebagai bentuk tanda dan isyarat tentang kebesaran Allah. Selain itu, secara khusus juga ada yang merujuk pada buah-buahan yang dikenal saat sekarang ini.
Fragilidad y resultados adversos en pacientes mayores de 65 años con síndrome coronario agudo en una cohorte hospitalaria en Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Narvaéz-Orozco Alejandro , Aguirre-Acevedo Daniel Camilo , Navarro-Navajas Alberto , Pabón-De Ossa David , Angarita-Vasquez Valentina , Ortiz-Uribe Juan Camilo , Delgado-Restrepo Juan Andrés , Senior-Sánchez Juan Manuel 
Published: September 2024

Objetivo. Diversos estudios han demostrado la asociación entre la fragilidad y peores desenlaces en pacientes con síndrome coronario agudo (SCA); sin embargo, hay una falta de evidencia en Colombia. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la asociación entre la fragilidad y el riesgo de desenlaces adversos en pacientes mayores de 65 años diagnosticados con SCA. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó una cohorte prospectiva que incluyó a pacientes mayores de 65 años con indicación de arteriografía coronaria debido a diagnóstico de SCA en un hospital de Medellín, Colombia. La fragilidad se evaluó mediante la escala FRAIL. El desenlace primario fue la mortalidad por cualquier causa a los 30 días. Los desenlaces secundarios incluyeron: duración de la estancia hospitalaria y un desenlace compuesto de muerte intrahospitalaria o a los 30 días; nefropatía inducida por contraste (NIC); insuficiencia cardiaca aguda; choque cardiogénico; complicaciones hemorrágicas, y complicaciones vasculares. Resultados. Se incluyeron 112 pacientes. Los pacientes frágiles (n=35, 31,3%) fueron de mayor edad, con un estrato socioeconómico más bajo, un puntaje GRACE más alto y un mayor número de vasos comprometidos en la arteriografía. Se observó una asociación significativa entre la fragilidad y la mortalidad a 30 días (riesgo relativo [RR] 19,00, IC 95%: 5,04-72,61; p<0,001), el desenlace compuesto (RR 4,57, IC 95%: 2,56-8,34; p<0,001), y una mayor estancia hospitalaria (9 días vs. 5 días en el grupo no frágil). Conclusiones. Un número considerable de pacientes mayores de 65 años con SCA eran frágiles. La fragilidad se asoció con desenlaces adversos intrahospitalarios y a 30 días.
The Analysis of Human Capital Development, Economic Growth and Longevity in West African Countries
Authors: Awoyemi Bosede Olanike , Makanju Aderonke Abisola , Duru Chidera 
Published: September 2024

Human capital is critical in directing all resources to serve people and influencing the productivity of an economy. Human capital can be increased through good health and education. This research examined the effects of human capital development on economic growth and longevity in West Africa. This study was concentrated on four West African countries: Nigeria, Ghana, Burkina Faso, and the Benin Republic. We used panel ordinary least squares (POLS), fully modified ordinary least squares (FM-OLS), and dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) for robust analysis to look at how human capital development affects economic growth and longevity over the long term. Life expectancy at birth was employed to evaluate longevity. Before the estimate, correlation, unit root, and cointegration tests were run. According to the findings of this study, human capital development has a 347.5% favorable and significant long-term effect on economic growth. This indicates that enhancing human capital can stimulate economic growth. According to the data, human capital development has a 26.8 percent positive and significant long-term effect on life expectancy at birth. Based on the findings, this study concluded that human capital development has a favorable impact on economic growth and life expectancy at birth in West Africa, demonstrating that developing human capital is advantageous to both growth and life expectancy. As a result, West African governments must increase health and education budgetary expenditures to strengthen human capital.
Buena nueva: memoria, recuperación y visibilización
Authors: Artime Pinilla Joaquín 
Published: September 2024

Buena nueva es la pieza galardonada con el Premio de Adquisición de la edición de arte público de la Biennal de Mislata Miquel Navarro 2022. En este artículo se realiza un análisis teórico-creativo de esta intervención artística que toma una frase del escritor alcoyano Juan Gil-Albert para construir unos letreros que visibilizan la esencia de toda reivindicación LGTBIAQ+.
En 1955, en plena dictadura, Juan Gil-Albert (1904-1994), escribe el que se considera el primer ensayo sobre homosexualidad del estado español. Heraclés. Sobre una manera de ser (1975) no se publica hasta veinte años después, tras la muerte del dictador. Del volumen se escoge una frase, “No se lava, no se cura, no desaparece”, con la que el escritor reflexiona sobre su condición fuera de la heterosexualidad. Si históricamente la homosexualidad se ha observado como una situación contra natura, con esta operación Gil-Albert la convierte en una sustancia pro natura.
Buena nueva toma estas palabras para exhibirlas en tres intervenciones en distintas calles de la ciudad de Mislata. Cada letrero se realiza con azulejos hidráulicos, elemento típico de la identidad valenciana, generando una serie de desplazamientos en la que juega un papel importante el color, el ritmo, el espesor, la dureza, la relación espacio privado-público, la ubicación, el triángulo invertido, el margen, el tropiezo, el desvío, la diversidad y la ambigüedad. La frase se muestra abierta, como un acertijo que mantiene oculto el tema, pero que señala, con contundencia, las palabras claves por las que han luchado las subjetividades queers.
A través del estudio de la figura de Juan Gil-Albert y su ensayo, se observan los modos en los que la revisión y recuperación de referentes del pasado puede aportarnos claridad sobre el presente y el futuro.