bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR-497∼195 cluster regulates angiogenesis during coupling with osteogenesis by maintaining endothelial Notch and HIF-1α activity
Authors: Yang Mi , Li Chang-Jun , Sun Xi , Guo Qi , Xiao Ye , Su Tian , Tu Man-Li , Peng Hui , Lu Qiong , Liu Qing , He Hong-Bo , Jiang Tie-Jian , Lei Min-Xiang , Wan Mei , Cao Xu , Luo Xiang-Hang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA specific bone vessel subtype, strongly positive for CD31 and endomucin (CD31hiEmcnhi), is identified as coupling angiogenesis and osteogenesis. The abundance of type CD31hiEmcnhi vessels decrease during ageing. Here we show that expression of the miR-497∼195 cluster is high in CD31hiEmcnhi endothelium but gradually decreases during ageing. Mice with depletion of miR-497∼195 in endothelial cells show fewer CD31hiEmcnhi vessels and lower bone mass. Conversely, transgenic overexpression of miR-497∼195 in murine endothelium alleviates age-related reduction of type CD31hiEmcnhi vessels and bone loss. miR-497∼195 cluster maintains the endothelial Notch activity and HIF-1α stability via targeting F-box and WD-40 domain protein (Fbxw7) and Prolyl 4-hydroxylase possessing a transmembrane domain (P4HTM) respectively. Notably, endothelialium-specific activation of miR-195 by intravenous injection of aptamer-agomiR-195 stimulates CD31hiEmcnhi vessel and bone formation in aged mice. Together, our study indicates that miR-497∼195 regulates angiogenesis coupled with osteogenesis and may represent a potential therapeutic target for age-related osteoporosis.
Meniscus-assisted solution printing of large-grained perovskite films for high-efficiency solar cells
Authors: He Ming , Li Bo , Cui Xun , Jiang Beibei , He Yanjie , Chen Yihuang , O’Neil Daniel , Szymanski Paul , EI-Sayed Mostafa A. , Huang Jinsong , Lin Zhiqun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractControl over morphology and crystallinity of metal halide perovskite films is of key importance to enable high-performance optoelectronics. However, this remains particularly challenging for solution-printed devices due to the complex crystallization kinetics of semiconductor materials within dynamic flow of inks. Here we report a simple yet effective meniscus-assisted solution printing (MASP) strategy to yield large-grained dense perovskite film with good crystallization and preferred orientation. Intriguingly, the outward convective flow triggered by fast solvent evaporation at the edge of the meniscus ink imparts the transport of perovskite solutes, thus facilitating the growth of micrometre-scale perovskite grains. The growth kinetics of perovskite crystals is scrutinized by in situ optical microscopy tracking to understand the crystallization mechanism. The perovskite films produced by MASP exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties with efficiencies approaching 20% in planar perovskite solar cells. This robust MASP strategy may in principle be easily extended to craft other solution-printed perovskite-based optoelectronics.
Understanding extreme sea levels for broad-scale coastal impact and adaptation analysis
Authors: Wahl T. , Haigh I. D. , Nicholls R. J. , Arns A. , Dangendorf S. , Hinkel J. , Slangen A. B. A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractOne of the main consequences of mean sea level rise (SLR) on human settlements is an increase in flood risk due to an increase in the intensity and frequency of extreme sea levels (ESL). While substantial research efforts are directed towards quantifying projections and uncertainties of future global and regional SLR, corresponding uncertainties in contemporary ESL have not been assessed and projections are limited. Here we quantify, for the first time at global scale, the uncertainties in present-day ESL estimates, which have by default been ignored in broad-scale sea-level rise impact assessments to date. ESL uncertainties exceed those from global SLR projections and, assuming that we meet the Paris agreement goals, the projected SLR itself by the end of the century in many regions. Both uncertainties in SLR projections and ESL estimates need to be understood and combined to fully assess potential impacts and adaptation needs.
An extremely high dietary iodide supply forestalls severe hypothyroidism in Na+/I− symporter (NIS) knockout mice
Authors: Ferrandino Giuseppe , Kaspari Rachel R. , Reyna-Neyra Andrea , Boutagy Nabil E. , Sinusas Albert J. , Carrasco Nancy 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) mediates active iodide (I−) accumulation in the thyroid, the first step in thyroid hormone (TH) biosynthesis. Mutations in the SLC5A5 gene encoding NIS that result in a non-functional protein lead to congenital hypothyroidism due to I− transport defect (ITD). ITD is a rare autosomal disorder that, if not treated promptly in infancy, can cause mental retardation, as the TH decrease results in improper development of the nervous system. However, in some patients, hypothyroidism has been ameliorated by unusually large amounts of dietary I−. Here we report the first NIS knockout (KO) mouse model, obtained by targeting exons 6 and 7 of the Slc5a5 gene. In NIS KO mice, in the thyroid, stomach, and salivary gland, NIS is absent, and hence there is no active accumulation of the NIS substrate pertechnetate (99mTcO4−). NIS KO mice showed undetectable serum T4 and very low serum T3 levels when fed a diet supplying the minimum I− requirement for rodents. These hypothyroid mice displayed oxidative stress in the thyroid, but not in the brown adipose tissue or liver. Feeding the mice a high-I− diet partially rescued TH biosynthesis, demonstrating that, at high I− concentrations, I− enters the thyroid through routes other than NIS.
Novel function of pregnancy-associated plasma protein A: promotes endometrium receptivity by up-regulating N-fucosylation
Authors: Yu Ming , Wang Jiao , Liu Shuai , Wang Xiaoqi , Yan Qiu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGlycosylation of uterine endometrial cells plays important roles to determine their receptive function to blastocysts. Trophoblast-derived pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPPA) is specifically elevated in pregnant women serum, and is known to promote trophoblast cell proliferation and adhesion. However, the relationship between PAPPA and endometrium receptivity, as well as the regulation of N-fucosylation remains unclear. We found that rhPAPPA and PAPPA in the serum samples from pregnant women or conditioned medium of trophoblast cells promoted endometrium receptivity in vitro. Moreover, rhPAPPA increased α1,2-, α1,3- and α1,6-fucosylation levels by up-regulating N-fucosyltransferases FUT1, FUT4 and FUT8 expression, respectively, through IGF-1R/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in human endometrial cells. Additionally, α1,2-, α1,3- and α1,6-fucosylation of integrin αVβ3, a critical endometrium receptivity biomarker, was up-regulated by PAPPA, thereby enhanced its adhesive functions. Furthermore, PAPPA blockage with antibody inhibited embryo implantation in vivo, mouse embryo adhesion and spreading in vitro, as well as N-fucosylation level of the endometrium in pregnant mice. In summary, this study suggests that PAPPA is essential to maintain a receptive endometrium by up-regulating N-fucosylation, which is a potential useful biomarker to evaluate the receptive functions of the endometrium.
Genetic analyses reveal independent domestication origins of the emerging oil crop Paeonia ostii, a tree peony with a long-term cultivation history
Authors: Peng Li-Ping , Cai Chang-Fu , Zhong Yuan , Xu Xing-Xing , Xian Hong-Li , Cheng Fang-Yun , Mao Jian-Feng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPaeonia ostii, a member of tree peony, is an emerging oil crop with important medical and oil uses and widely cultivated in China. Dissolving the genetic diversity and domestication history of this species is important for further genetic improvements and deployments. We firstly selected 29 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) via transcriptome mining, segregation analyses and polymorphism characterizations; then, 901 individuals from the range-wide samples were genotyped using well-characterized SSR markers. We observed moderate genetic diversity among individuals, and Shaanxi Province was identified as the center of genetic diversity for our cultivated plants. Five well-separated gene pools were detected by STRUCTURE analyses, and the results suggested that multiple independent domestication origins occurred in Shaanxi Province and Tongling City (Anhui Province). Taken together, the genetic evidence and the historical records suggest multiple long-distance introductions after the plant was domesticated in Shandong, Henan and Hunan provinces. The present study provides the first genetic evaluation of the domestication history ofP. ostii, and our results provide an important reference for further genetic improvements and deployments of this important crop.
Combined Impact of Known Lifestyle Factors on Total and Cause-Specific Mortality among Chinese Men: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Qing-Li , Zhao Long-Gang , Zhang Wei , Li Hong-Lan , Gao Jing , Han Li-Hua , Zheng Wei , Shu Xiao-Ou , Xiang Yong-Bing 
Published: July 2017

AbstractImpact of combined lifestyles on risk of mortality needs to be explored quantitatively. We aimed to evaluate the associations of combined lifestyle factors with total and cause-specific mortality in Chinese men. We used data from the Shanghai Men’s Health Study (2002–2013), an on-going population-based prospective cohort study of men (aged 40 to 74 years). Four traditional unfavorable lifestyle factors were included: smoking, heavy alcohol use, unhealthy diet and physical inactivity. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Among about 61,480 men in the cohort, a total of 4,952 men died, of which 1,637 men died from cardiovascular diseases (CVD), 2,122 from cancer during a median of 9.29 years’ follow-up. The HRs of men with four risk practices comparing to those with zero were 2.92 (95%CI: 2.53, 3.38) for all-cause mortality, 3.15 (95%CI: 2.44, 4.05) for CVD mortality, and 3.18 (95%CI: 2.55, 3.97) for cancer mortality. The population attributable risks (PARs) were 0.41, 0.40 and 0.38 for total, CVD and cancer mortality, accordingly. As combined unhealthy lifestyle behaviors had substantial impact on total and cause-specific mortality, promotion of healthy lifestyle should be a public health priority.
Offspring sex and parental health and mortality
Authors: Næss Øyvind , Mortensen Laust H. , Vikanes Åse , Smith George Davey 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIncreased mortality has been observed in mothers and fathers with male offspring but little is known regarding specific diseases. In a register linkage we linked women born 1925–1954 having survived to age 50 (n = 661,031) to offspring and fathers (n = 691,124). Three approaches were used: 1) number of total boy and girl offspring, 2) sex of the first and second offspring and 3) proportion of boys to total number of offspring. A sub-cohort (n = 50,736 mothers, n = 44,794 fathers) from survey data was analysed for risk factors. Mothers had increased risk of total and cardiovascular mortality that was consistent across approaches: cardiovascular mortality of 1.07 (95% CI: 1.03–1.11) per boy (approach 2), 1.04 (1.01–1.07) if the first offspring was a boy, and 1.06 (1.01–1.10) if the first two offspring were boys (approach 3). We found that sex of offspring was not associated with total or cardiovascular mortality in fathers. For other diseases or risk factors no robust associations were seen in mothers or fathers. Increased cardiovascular risk in mothers having male offspring suggests a maternal disease specific mechanism. The lack of consistent associations on measured risk factors could suggest other biological pathways than those studied play a role in generating this additional cardiovascular risk.
Semiconductor-based Multilayer Selective Solar Absorber for Unconcentrated Solar Thermal Energy Conversion
Authors: Thomas Nathan H. , Chen Zhen , Fan Shanhui , Minnich Austin J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSolar thermal energy conversion has attracted substantial renewed interest due to its applications in industrial heating, air conditioning, and electricity generation. Achieving stagnation temperatures exceeding 200 °C, pertinent to these technologies, with unconcentrated sunlight requires spectrally selective absorbers with exceptionally low emissivity in the thermal wavelength range and high visible absorptivity for the solar spectrum. In this Communication, we report a semiconductor-based multilayer selective absorber that exploits the sharp drop in optical absorption at the bandgap energy to achieve a measured absorptance of 76% at solar wavelengths and a low emittance of approximately 5% at thermal wavelengths. In field tests, we obtain a peak temperature of 225 °C, comparable to that achieved with state-of-the-art selective surfaces. With straightforward optimization to improve solar absorption, our work shows the potential for unconcentrated solar thermal systems to reach stagnation temperatures exceeding 300 °C, thereby eliminating the need for solar concentrators for mid-temperature solar applications such as supplying process heat.
Mitsugumin 29 regulates t-tubule architecture in the failing heart
Authors: Correll Robert N. , Lynch Jeffrey M. , Schips Tobias G. , Prasad Vikram , York Allen J. , Sargent Michelle A. , Brochet Didier X. P. , Ma Jianjie , Molkentin Jeffery D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTransverse tubules (t-tubules) are uniquely-adapted membrane invaginations in cardiac myocytes that facilitate the synchronous release of Ca2+ from internal stores and subsequent myofilament contraction, although these structures become disorganized and rarefied in heart failure. We previously observed that mitsugumin 29 (Mg29), an important t-tubule organizing protein in skeletal muscle, was induced in the mouse heart for the first time during dilated cardiomyopathy with heart failure. Here we generated cardiac-specific transgenic mice expressing Mg29 to model this observed induction in the failing heart. Interestingly, expression of Mg29 in the hearts of Csrp3 null mice (encoding muscle LIM protein, MLP) partially restored t-tubule structure and preserved cardiac function as measured by invasive hemodynamics, without altering Ca2+ spark frequency. Conversely, gene-deleted mice lacking both Mg29 and MLP protein showed a further reduction in t-tubule organization and accelerated heart failure. Thus, induction of Mg29 in the failing heart is a compensatory response that directly counteracts the well-characterized loss of t-tubule complexity and reduced expression of anchoring proteins such as junctophilin-2 (Jph2) that normally occur in this disease. Moreover, preservation of t-tubule structure by Mg29 induction significantly increases the function of the failing heart.
Radiation-induced changes in the glycome of endothelial cells with functional consequences
Authors: Jaillet Cyprien , Morelle Willy , Slomianny Marie-Christine , Paget Vincent , Tarlet Georges , Buard Valérie , Selbonne Sonia , Caffin Fanny , Rannou Emilie , Martinez Pierre , François Agnès , Foulquier François , Allain Fabrice , Milliat Fabien , Guipaud Olivier 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAs it is altered by ionizing radiation, the vascular network is considered as a prime target in limiting normal tissue damage and improving tumor control in radiation therapy. Irradiation activates endothelial cells which then participate in the recruitment of circulating cells, especially by overexpressing cell adhesion molecules, but also by other as yet unknown mechanisms. Since protein glycosylation is an important determinant of cell adhesion, we hypothesized that radiation could alter the glycosylation pattern of endothelial cells and thereby impact adhesion of circulating cells. Herein, we show that ionizing radiation increases high mannose-type N-glycans and decreases glycosaminoglycans. These changes stimulate interactions measured under flow conditions between irradiated endothelial cells and monocytes. Targeted transcriptomic approaches in vitro in endothelial cells and in vivo in a radiation enteropathy mouse model confirm that genes involved in N- and O-glycosylation are modulated by radiation, and in silico analyses give insight into the mechanism by which radiation modifies glycosylation. The endothelium glycome may therefore be considered as a key therapeutic target for modulating the chronic inflammatory response observed in healthy tissues or for participating in tumor control by radiation therapy.
Completeness of Community Structure in Networks
Authors: Xie Jia-Rong , Zhang Pan , Zhang Hai-Feng , Wang Bing-Hong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBy defining a new measure to community structure, exclusive modularity, and based on cavity method of statistical physics, we develop a mathematically principled method to determine the completeness of community structure, which represents whether a partition that is either annotated by experts or given by a community-detection algorithm, carries complete information about community structure in the network. Our results demonstrate that the expert partition is surprisingly incomplete in some networks such as the famous political blogs network, indicating that the relation between meta-data and community structure in real-world networks needs to be re-examined. As a byproduct we find that the exclusive modularity, which introduces a null model based on the degree-corrected stochastic block model, is of independent interest. We discuss its applications as principled ways of detecting hidden structures, finding hierarchical structures without removing edges, and obtaining low-dimensional embedding of networks.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 1–positive nigrostriatal dopaminergic fibers exhibit distinct projection pattern and dopamine release dynamics at mouse dorsal striatum
Authors: Sgobio Carmelo , Wu Junbing , Zheng Wang , Chen Xi , Pan Jing , Salinas Armando G. , Davis Margaret I. , Lovinger David M. , Cai Huaibin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1A1)–positive dopaminergic (DA) neurons at the ventral substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc) preferentially degenerate in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Their projection pattern and dopamine release properties, however, remains uncharacterized. Here we show that ALDH1A1–positive axons project predominantly to the rostral two–thirds of dorsal striatum. A portion of these axons converge on a small fraction of striosome compartments restricted to the dorsolateral striatum (DLS), where less dopamine release was measured compared to the adjacent matrix enriched with the ALDH1A1–negative axons. Genetic ablation of Aldh1a1 substantially increases the dopamine release in striosomes, but not in matrix. Additionally, the presence of PD-related human α-synuclein A53T mutant or dopamine transporter (DAT) blockers also differentially affects the dopamine output in striosomes and matrix. Together, these results demonstrate distinct dopamine release characteristics of ALDH1A1–positive DA fibers, supporting a regional specific function of ALDH1A1 in regulating dopamine availability/release in striatum.
Testosterone promotes either dominance or submissiveness in the Ultimatum Game depending on players’ social rank
Authors: Inoue Yukako , Takahashi Taiki , Burriss Robert P. , Arai Sakura , Hasegawa Toshikazu , Yamagishi Toshio , Kiyonari Toko 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEndogenous testosterone promotes behaviours intended to enhance social dominance. However, recent research suggests that testosterone enhances strategic social behaviour rather than dominance seeking behaviour. This possibility has not been tested in a population whose members are known to vary in social status. Here, we explored the relationship between pre-existing social status and salivary testosterone level among members of a rugby team at a Japanese university, where a strong seniority norm maintains hierarchical relationships. Participants played a series of one-shot Ultimatum Games (UG) both as proposer and responder. Opponents were anonymised but of known seniority. We analysed participants’ acquiescence (how much more they offered beyond the lowest offer they would accept). The results showed that, among the most senior participants, higher testosterone was associated with lower acquiescence. Conversely, higher testosterone among the lower-status participants was associated with higher acquiescence. Our results suggest that testosterone may enhance socially dominant behaviour among high-status persons, but strategic submission to seniority among lower-status persons.
Connexin 50 Functions as an Adhesive Molecule and Promotes Lens Cell Differentiation
Authors: Hu Zhengping , Shi Wen , Riquelme Manuel A. , Shi Qian , Biswas Sondip , Lo Woo-Kuen , White Thomas W. , Gu Sumin , Jiang Jean X. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractConnexins play essential roles in lens homeostasis and development. Here, we identified a new role for Cx50 that mediates cell-cell adhesion function. Cx50 enhanced the adhesive capability of AQP0. Interestingly, the expression of Cx50 alone promoted cell adhesion at a comparable level to AQP0; however, this cell adhesive function was not observed with other lens connexins, Cx43 and Cx46. Moreover, the adhesive property occurred in both homotypic with Cx50 expressed in both pairing cells and heterotypic with Cx50 in only one pairing cell, and this function appears to be unrelated to its role in forming gap junction channels. Cx50 KO lenses exhibited increased intercellular spaces between lens fiber cells. The second extracellular loop domain (E2) is primarily responsible for this adhesive function. Treatment with a fusion protein containing E2 domain inhibited cell adhesion. Furthermore, disruption of cell adhesion by the E2 domains impaired primary lens cell differentiation. Five critical amino acid residues in the E2 domain primarily are involved in cell adhesive function as well as lens epithelial-fiber differentiation. Together, these results suggest that in addition to forming gap junction channels, Cx50 acts as an adhesive molecule that is critical in maintaining lens fiber integrity and epithelial-fiber differentiation.
Suppressed autophagic response underlies augmentation of renal ischemia/reperfusion injury by type 2 diabetes
Authors: Muratsubaki Shingo , Kuno Atsushi , Tanno Masaya , Miki Takayuki , Yano Toshiyuki , Sugawara Hirohito , Shibata Satoru , Abe Koki , Ishikawa Satoko , Ohno Kouhei , Kimura Yukishige , Tatekoshi Yuki , Nakata Kei , Ohwada Wataru , Mizuno Masashi , Miura Tetsuji 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI). Here, we hypothesized that suppression of autophagic response underlies aggravation of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In OLETF, a rat model of T2DM, and its non-diabetic control, LETO, AKI was induced by unilateral nephrectomy and 30-min occlusion and 24-h reperfusion of the renal artery in the contralateral kidney. Levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen and tubular injury score after I/R were significantly higher in OLETF than in LETO. Administration of chloroquine, a widely used autophagy inhibitor, aggravated I/R-induced renal injury in LETO, but not in OLETF. In contrast to LETO, OLETF exhibited no increase in autophagosomes in the proximal tubules after I/R. Immunoblotting showed that I/R activated the AMPK/ULK1 pathway in LETO but not in OLETF, and mTORC1 activation after I/R was enhanced in OLETF. Treatment of OLETF with rapamycin, an mTORC1 inhibitor, partially restored autophagic activation in response to I/R and significantly attenuated I/R-induced renal injury. Collectively, these findings indicate that suppressed autophagic activation in proximal tubules by impaired AMPK/ULK1 signaling and upregulated mTORC1 activation underlies T2DM-induced worsening of renal I/R injury.