bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lithological control on fracture cementation in the Keuper Marl (Triassic), north Somerset, UK
Authors: MENG QINGFENG , HOOKER JOHN , CARTWRIGHT JOE 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe spatial arrangement of gypsum veins as preserved natural hydraulic fractures have been characterized in the Triassic Keuper Marl Formation (UK), a caprock for hydrocarbon reservoirs and CO2sequestration. The marls cropping out are subdivided into five discrete fracture units based on the presence and abundance of gypsum veins. The nodular gypsum in evaporite horizons provides excess gypsum for nodule-rooted horizontal gypsum veins. Our petrographic observations demonstrate that the development of gypsum veins in beds lacking macroscopic evaporites is closely associated with disseminated gypsum cement in the marls. We interpret that the gypsum veins in marl are sourced from disseminated gypsum cements in the host rocks, based on stratigraphic correlations, and much lower Sr concentrations than gypsum nodules. Gypsum was transported to adjacent veins mainly through diffusion in the low-permeability marls. The localization of gypsum veins and varied Sr concentrations of veins and nodules indicate that the diagenetic fluids are a mix of connate water with meteoric water rather than brines transported from evaporite beds along faults to non-evaporite beds. This results in the absence of gypsum fillings in fractures in rocks without primary gypsum cements. The study implies that the cementation of natural fractures in low-permeability rocks can highly depend on the presence of cement minerals in the host rock.
The integrated function modeling framework and its relation to function structures
Authors: Gericke Kilian , Eisenbart Boris 
Published: September 2017

AbstractResearch and industrial practice have produced a host of function models and modeling approaches over the last decades. Each of these is meant to support designers in their design endeavors. Industrial practice is excessively diversified in terms of contextual requirements, aims, and adopted processes; this automatically begs the question which of the existing models should be selected for application in a specific situation. This paper sets out to contribute to this discourse. It strives to benchmark the fairly novel integrated function modeling (IFM) framework against the well-established function structures modeling approach. The paper comparatively investigates the respective capabilities of the approaches, following the benchmarking protocol used earlier in relation to this Special Issue. Function structures are used as reference as they represent one of the most widespread function modeling approaches in research and practice. Both function structures and the IFM framework are exemplarily applied for modeling a glue gun. The gradual generation and refinement of the models is used to showcase their respective benefits and shortcomings. Eventually, the IFM framework is found to excel over function structures in terms of comprehensiveness and support for different types of function analyses. Finally, future research directions are proposed.
Comparing function structures and pruned function structures for market price prediction: An approach to benchmarking representation inferencing value
Authors: Gill Amaninder Singh , Summers Joshua D. , Turner Cameron J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBenchmarking function modeling and representation approaches requires a direct comparison, including the inferencing support by the different approaches. To this end, this paper explores the value of a representation by comparing the ability of a representation to support reasoning based on varying amounts of information stored in the representational components of a function structure: vocabulary, grammar, and topology. This is done by classifying the previously developed functional pruning rules into vocabulary, grammatical, and topological classes and applying them to function structures available from an external design repository. The original and pruned function structures of electromechanical devices are then evaluated for how accurately market values can be predicted using the graph complexity connectivity method. The accuracy is found to be inversely related to the amount of information and level of detail. Applying the topological rule does not significantly impact the predictive power of the models, while applying the vocabulary rules and the grammar rules reduces the accuracy of the predictions. Finally, the least predictive model set is that which had all rules applied. In this manner, the value of a representation to predict or answer questions is quantified.
Niche for high abundant extremophilic microbial communities in an ancient crater
Authors: Albokari Majed , Al-Najjar Mohammad A. A. , Mashhour Ibrahim , Huraysi Abdulaziz 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAl Wahbah Crater, located in a remote area in western Saudi Arabia as part of The Harrat extinct volcanic chain, is 2 km wide with a depth of 250 m. It is registered by the General Commission for Tourism and National Heritage as an ancient and archaeological site. The crater is subjected to extreme environmental conditions as its bottom is rarely subjected to rainfall and mudflows. Because of high temperature, high evaporation rates and extremely limited rainfall, the crater leaves behind dried thick white sodium phosphate crystals. Here, we studied the chemical composition and the microbial community composition using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing in different vertical layers (2, 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 cm) of the crater sediment. Total sodium concentrations were 28 000– 46 700 ppm and calcium levels were 31 400– 56 500 ppm. In addition, samples were very sulphuric, with sulphate and sulphite levels exceeding 2157 ppm and 5.54 ppm, respectively. Ferric ions concentrations were <0.2 ppm, while nitrate, ammonium and nitrite levels were <2 ppm, 1.5 ppm and 0.05 ppm, respectively. Archaea dominated the surface and the bottom, while bacteria were most common at 20–60 cm. Extremely halophilic archaea and bacteria includingHalorhabdusspp.Halorubrumspp.,Salinibacter iranicusandHalorhodospira halophilawere identified in all samples. Moreover, the relative abundance ofHalanaerobiaceaeaccounted for 22% of the species in the top of the crater.S. iranicusand species belonging toHalorhabdusandHalorubrumthat were identified between 60 and 100 cm could be considered as extreme organisms.
Disrupting CCT-β : β-tubulin selectively kills CCT-β overexpressed cancer cells through MAPKs activation
Authors: Liu Yan-Jin , Kumar Vathan , Lin Yuan-Feng , Liang Po-Huang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe have previously demonstrated the ability of I-Trp to disrupt the protein–protein interaction of β-tubulin with chaperonin-containing TCP-1β (CCT-β). This caused more severe apoptosis in multidrug-resistant MES-SA/Dx5, compared to MES-SA, due to its higher CCT-β overexpression. In this study, we screened a panel of cancer cell lines, finding CCT-β overexpression in the triple-negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, colorectal cancer cell lines Colo205 and HCT116, and a gastric cancer cell line MKN-45. Thus, I-Trp killed these cancers with sub- to low-μM EC50, whereas it was non-toxic to MCF-10A. We then synthesized analogs of I-Trp and evaluated their cytotoxicity. Furthermore, apoptotic mechanism investigations revealed the activation of both protein ubiquitination/degradation and ER-associated protein degradation pathways. These pathways proceeded through activation of MAPKs at the onset of CCT-β : β-tubulin complex disruption. We thus establish an effective strategy to treat CCT-β overexpressed cancers by disrupting the CCT-β : β-tubulin complex.
Identification of 11(13)-dehydroivaxillin as a potent therapeutic agent against non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Authors: Xiao Xinhua , Li Huiliang , Jin Huizi , Jin Jin , Yu Miao , Ma Chunmin , Tong Yin , Zhou Li , Lei Hu , Xu Hanzhang , Zhang Weidong , Liu Wei , Wu Yingli 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDespite great advancements in the treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), sensitivity of different subtypes to therapy varies. Targeting the aberrant activation NF-κB signaling pathways in lymphoid malignancies is a promising strategy. Here, we report that 11(13)-dehydroivaxillin (DHI), a natural compound isolated from the Carpesium genus, induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of NHL cells. Multiple signaling cascades are influenced by DHI in NHL cells. PI3K/AKT and ERK are activated or inhibited in a cell type dependent manner, whereas NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in all the NHL cells tested. Applying the cellular thermal shift assay, we further demonstrated that DHI directly interacts with IKKα/IKKβ in NHL cells. Interestingly, DHI treatment also reduced the IKKα/IKKβ protein level in NHL cells. Consistent with this finding, knockdown of IKKα/IKKβ inhibits cell proliferation and enhances DHI-induced proliferation inhibition. Overexpression of p65, p52 or RelB partially reverses DHI-induced cell growth inhibition. Furthermore, DHI treatment significantly inhibits the growth of NHL cell xenografts. In conclusion, we demonstrate that DHI exerts anti-NHL effect in vitro and in vivo, through a cumulative effect on NF-κB and other pathways. DHI may serve as a promising lead compound for the therapy of NHL.
Lithium titanate hydrates with superfast and stable cycling in lithium ion batteries
Authors: Wang Shitong , Quan Wei , Zhu Zhi , Yang Yong , Liu Qi , Ren Yang , Zhang Xiaoyi , Xu Rui , Hong Ye , Zhang Zhongtai , Amine Khalil , Tang Zilong , Lu Jun , Li Ju 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLithium titanate and titanium dioxide are two best-known high-performance electrodes that can cycle around 10,000 times in aprotic lithium ion electrolytes. Here we show there exists more lithium titanate hydrates with superfast and stable cycling. That is, water promotes structural diversity and nanostructuring of compounds, but does not necessarily degrade electrochemical cycling stability or performance in aprotic electrolytes. As a lithium ion battery anode, our multi-phase lithium titanate hydrates show a specific capacity of about 130 mA h g−1 at ~35 C (fully charged within ~100 s) and sustain more than 10,000 cycles with capacity fade of only 0.001% per cycle. In situ synchrotron diffraction reveals no 2-phase transformations, but a single solid-solution behavior during battery cycling. So instead of just a nanostructured intermediate to be calcined, lithium titanate hydrates can be the desirable final destination.
Potential for natural evaporation as a reliable renewable energy resource
Authors: Cavusoglu Ahmet-Hamdi , Chen Xi , Gentine Pierre , Sahin Ozgur 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAbout 50% of the solar energy absorbed at the Earth’s surface drives evaporation, fueling the water cycle that affects various renewable energy resources, such as wind and hydropower. Recent advances demonstrate our nascent ability to convert evaporation energy into work, yet there is little understanding about the potential of this resource. Here we study the energy available from natural evaporation to predict the potential of this ubiquitous resource. We find that natural evaporation from open water surfaces could provide power densities comparable to current wind and solar technologies while cutting evaporative water losses by nearly half. We estimate up to 325 GW of power is potentially available in the United States. Strikingly, water’s large heat capacity is sufficient to control power output by storing excess energy when demand is low, thus reducing intermittency and improving reliability. Our findings motivate the improvement of materials and devices that convert energy from evaporation.
TGFβR signalling controls CD103+CD11b+ dendritic cell development in the intestine
Authors: Bain C. C. , Montgomery J. , Scott C. L. , Kel J. M. , Girard-Madoux M. J. H. , Martens L. , Zangerle-Murray T. F. P. , Ober-Blöbaum J. , Lindenbergh-Kortleve D. , Samsom J. N. , Henri S. , Lawrence T. , Saeys Y. , Malissen B. , Dalod M. , Clausen B. E. , Mowat A. McI. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCD103+CD11b+dendritic cells (DCs) are unique to the intestine, but the factors governing their differentiation are unclear. Here we show that transforming growth factor receptor 1 (TGFβR1) has an indispensable, cell intrinsic role in the development of these cells. Deletion ofTgfbr1results in markedly fewer intestinal CD103+CD11b+DCs and a reciprocal increase in the CD103−CD11b+dendritic cell subset. Transcriptional profiling identifies markers that define the CD103+CD11b+DC lineage, including CD101, TREM1 and Siglec-F, and shows that the absence of CD103+CD11b+DCs in CD11c-Cre.Tgfbr1fl/flmice reflects defective differentiation from CD103−CD11b+intermediaries, rather than an isolated loss of CD103 expression. The defect in CD103+CD11b+DCs is accompanied by reduced generation of antigen-specific, inducible FoxP3+regulatory T cells in vitro and in vivo, and by reduced numbers of endogenous Th17 cells in the intestinal mucosa. Thus, TGFβR1-mediated signalling may explain the tissue-specific development of these unique DCs.
A method to identify trace sulfated IgG N-glycans as biomarkers for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Wang Jing-Rong , Gao Wei-Na , Grimm Rudolf , Jiang Shibo , Liang Yong , Ye Hua , Li Zhan-Guo , Yau Lee-Fong , Huang Hao , Liu Ju , Jiang Min , Meng Qiong , Tong Tian-Tian , Huang Hai-Hui , Lee Stephanie , Zeng Xing , Liu Liang , Jiang Zhi-Hong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractN-linked glycans on immunoglobulin G (IgG) have been associated with pathogenesis of diseases and the therapeutic functions of antibody-based drugs; however, low-abundance species are difficult to detect. Here we show a glycomic approach to detect these species on human IgGs using a specialized microfluidic chip. We discover 20 sulfated and 4 acetylated N-glycans on IgGs. Using multiple reaction monitoring method, we precisely quantify these previously undetected low-abundance, trace and even ultra-trace N-glycans. From 277 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 141 healthy individuals, we also identify N-glycan biomarkers for the classification of both rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive and negative RA patients, as well as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA)-positive and negative RA patients. This approach may identify N-glycosylation-associated biomarkers for other autoimmune and infectious diseases and lead to the exploration of promising glycoforms for antibody therapeutics.
Bioenergetic state regulates innate inflammatory responses through the transcriptional co-repressor CtBP
Authors: Shen Yiguo , Kapfhamer David , Minnella Angela M. , Kim Ji-Eun , Won Seok Joon , Chen Yanting , Huang Yong , Low Ley Hian , Massa Stephen M. , Swanson Raymond A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe innate inflammatory response contributes to secondary injury in brain trauma and other disorders. Metabolic factors such as caloric restriction, ketogenic diet, and hyperglycemia influence the inflammatory response, but how this occurs is unclear. Here, we show that glucose metabolism regulates pro-inflammatory NF-κB transcriptional activity through effects on the cytosolic NADH:NAD+ ratio and the NAD(H) sensitive transcriptional co-repressor CtBP. Reduced glucose availability reduces the NADH:NAD+ ratio, NF-κB transcriptional activity, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in macrophages and microglia. These effects are inhibited by forced elevation of NADH, reduced expression of CtBP, or transfection with an NAD(H) insensitive CtBP, and are replicated by a synthetic peptide that inhibits CtBP dimerization. Changes in the NADH:NAD+ ratio regulate CtBP binding to the acetyltransferase p300, and regulate binding of p300 and the transcription factor NF-κB to pro-inflammatory gene promoters. These findings identify a mechanism by which alterations in cellular glucose metabolism can influence cellular inflammatory responses.
Evidence for percolation diffusion of cations and reordering in disordered pyrochlore from accelerated molecular dynamics
Authors: Perriot Romain , Uberuaga Blas P. , Zamora Richard J. , Perez Danny , Voter Arthur F. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDiffusion in complex oxides is critical to ionic transport, radiation damage evolution, sintering, and aging. In complex oxides such as pyrochlores, anionic diffusion is dramatically affected by cation disorder. However, little is known about how disorder influences cation transport. Here, we report results from classical and accelerated molecular dynamics simulations of vacancy-mediated cation diffusion in Gd2Ti2O7 pyrochlore, on the microsecond timescale. We find that diffusion is slow at low levels of disorder, while higher disorder allows for fast diffusion, which is then accompanied by antisite annihilation and reordering, and thus a slowing of cation transport. Cation diffusivity is therefore not constant, but decreases as the material reorders. We also show that fast cation diffusion is triggered by the formation of a percolation network of antisites. This is in contrast with observations from other complex oxides and disordered media models, suggesting a fundamentally different relation between disorder and mass transport.
Dual-comb spectroscopic ellipsometry
Authors: Minamikawa Takeo , Hsieh Yi-Da , Shibuya Kyuki , Hase Eiji , Kaneoka Yoshiki , Okubo Sho , Inaba Hajime , Mizutani Yasuhiro , Yamamoto Hirotsugu , Iwata Tetsuo , Yasui Takeshi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSpectroscopic ellipsometry is a means of investigating optical and dielectric material responses. Conventional spectroscopic ellipsometry is subject to trade-offs between spectral accuracy, resolution, and measurement time. Polarization modulation has afforded poor performance because of its sensitivity to mechanical vibrational noise, thermal instability, and polarization-wavelength dependency. We combine spectroscopic ellipsometry with dual-comb spectroscopy, namely, dual-comb spectroscopic ellipsometry. Dual-comb spectroscopic ellipsometry (DCSE). DCSE directly and simultaneously obtains the ellipsometric parameters of the amplitude ratio and phase difference between s-polarized and p-polarized light signals with ultra-high spectral resolution and no polarization modulation, beyond the conventional limit. Ellipsometric evaluation without polarization modulation also enhances the stability and robustness of the system. In this study, we construct a polarization-modulation-free DCSE system with a spectral resolution of up to 1.2 × 10−5 nm throughout the spectral range of 1514–1595 nm and achieved an accuracy of 38.4 nm and a precision of 3.3 nm in the measurement of thin-film samples.
Controlled manipulation of oxygen vacancies using nanoscale flexoelectricity
Authors: Das Saikat , Wang Bo , Cao Ye , Rae Cho Myung , Jae Shin Yeong , Mo Yang Sang , Wang Lingfei , Kim Minu , Kalinin Sergei V. , Chen Long-Qing , Noh Tae Won 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOxygen vacancies, especially their distribution, are directly coupled to the electromagnetic properties of oxides and related emergent functionalities that have implications for device applications. Here using a homoepitaxial strontium titanate thin film, we demonstrate a controlled manipulation of the oxygen vacancy distribution using the mechanical force from a scanning probe microscope tip. By combining Kelvin probe force microscopy imaging and phase-field simulations, we show that oxygen vacancies can move under a stress-gradient-induced depolarisation field. When tailored, this nanoscale flexoelectric effect enables a controlled spatial modulation. In motion, the scanning probe tip thereby deterministically reconfigures the spatial distribution of vacancies. The ability to locally manipulate oxygen vacancies on-demand provides a tool for the exploration of mesoscale quantum phenomena and engineering multifunctional oxide devices.
Bacterial outer membrane vesicles suppress tumor by interferon-γ-mediated antitumor response
Authors: Kim Oh Youn , Park Hyun Taek , Dinh Nhung Thi Hong , Choi Seng Jin , Lee Jaewook , Kim Ji Hyun , Lee Seung-Woo , Gho Yong Song 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGram-negative bacteria actively secrete outer membrane vesicles, spherical nano-meter-sized proteolipids enriched with outer membrane proteins, to the surroundings. Outer membrane vesicles have gained wide interests as non-living complex vaccines or delivery vehicles. However, no study has used outer membrane vesicles in treating cancer thus far. Here we investigate the potential of bacterial outer membrane vesicles as therapeutic agents to treat cancer via immunotherapy. Our results show remarkable capability of bacterial outer membrane vesicles to effectively induce long-term antitumor immune responses that can fully eradicate established tumors without notable adverse effects. Moreover, systematically administered bacterial outer membrane vesicles specifically target and accumulate in the tumor tissue, and subsequently induce the production of antitumor cytokines CXCL10 and interferon-γ. This antitumor effect is interferon-γ dependent, as interferon-γ-deficient mice could not induce such outer membrane vesicle-mediated immune response. Together, our results herein demonstrate the potential of bacterial outer membrane vesicles as effective immunotherapeutic agent that can treat various cancers without apparent adverse effects.
Value of Measuring Anti-Carbamylated Protein Antibodies for Classification on Early Arthritis Patients
Authors: Regueiro Cristina , Nuño Laura , Ortiz Ana M. , Peiteado Diana , Villalba Alejandro , Pascual-Salcedo Dora , Martínez-Feito Ana , González-Alvaro Isidoro , Balsa Alejandro , González Antonio 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClassification of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as quickly as possible improves their prognosis. This reason motivates specially dedicated early arthritis (EA) clinics. Here, we have used 1062 EA patients with two years of follow-up to explore the value of anti-carbamylated protein (anti-CarP) antibodies, a new type of RA specific autoantibodies, for classification. Specifically, we aimed to determine whether the addition of anti-CarP antibodies to IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies, which are helpful in RA classification, improves it or not. Our analysis showed that incorporation of the anti-CarP antibodies to combinations of the other two antibodies (all joint by the OR Boolean operator) produces a modest increase in sensitivity (2.2% higher), at the cost of decreased specificity (8.1% lower). The cost-benefit ratio was more favorable in the patients lacking the other autoantibodies. However, it did not improve by considering different titer levels of the anti-CarP antibodies, or after exhaustively exploring other antibody combinations. Therefore, the place in RA classification of these antibodies is questionable in the context of current treatments and biomarkers. This conclusion does not exclude their potential value for stratifying patients in joint damage, disease activity, disability, or mortality categories.