bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability Improvement of Major Defense Acquisition Program Cost Estimates—Mapping DoDAF to COSYSMO
Authors: Valerdi Ricardo , Dabkowski Matthew , Dixit Indrajeet 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTMajor defense acquisition programs (MDAPs) are notoriously prone to substantial cost overruns, and engineering and design issues are often partially to blame. Accordingly, as the Department of Defense (DoD) develops increasingly complex systems, additional emphasis is being placed on systems engineering to ensure that programs remain on schedule and within budget. Notably, in 2013 the DoD mandated the submission of DoD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) models during a program's Materiel Solution Analysis Phase—early in the system life cycle—a period historically characterized by a lack of system specification and parametric estimation. Capitalizing on this change, this paper establishes an explicit connection between the DoDAF and the Constructive Systems Engineering Cost Model (COSYSMO) with the goal of improving the measurement reliability of MDAP cost estimates. In particular, we employ techniques from text mining and social network analysis to produce a mapping between DoDAF's 52 models and COSYSMO's 18 drivers, yielding an untapped source of information for determining functional system size and, ultimately, estimating systems engineering effort.
Influence of waterborne gallic and pelargonic acid exposures on biochemical and reproductive parameters in the zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Authors: Techer Didier , Milla Sylvain , Fontaine Pascal , Viot Sandrine , Thomas Marielle 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTGallic and pelargonic acids are biologically derived substances receiving a growing interest as eco‐friendly biocides with potential applications in freshwater system management. However, some data gaps remain to address their chronic ecotoxicity issue, particularly for fish. This work aimed at investigating the sublethal effects of a long‐term waterborne exposure of zebrafish to these compounds. Mature fish were exposed to gallic or pelargonic acid at the concentrations of 0, 0.05, 0.5 and 5 mg/L during one month under semi‐static conditions. Fecundity, hatching rate and median hatching time were regularly evaluated. Circulating sex hormone levels (11 ketotestosterone −11 KT, 17 βestradiol ‐E2‐), plasma vitellogenin (Vtg), and gonad histology were monitored in males and females after exposure. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total glutathione peroxydase (GPx) and glutathione‐S transferase (GST) activities were assessed as enzymatic biomarkers of exposure in fish liver. Significant increases of GPx activity were reported in females exposed to both type of chemicals regardless the contamination level. Moreover, 5 mg/L gallic acid induced a decrease in 11‐KT levels for males. For fish exposed to pelargonic acid, decreases in circulating hormone levels were reported respectively at 0.05 and 5 mg/L for 11‐KT in males, and at 0.5 mg/L for E2 in females. However, no histological alteration in gonads neither significant variation in reproductive performances were detected following zebrafish exposure to gallic or pelargonic acid. Additional investigations concerning the mode of application and the environmental fate of these substances may warrant their further use in freshwater systems at concentrations compatible with biocidal/allelochemical effects. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 227–240, 2017.
Improvement of lactic acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a deletion of ssb1
Authors: Lee Jinsuk J , Crook Nathan , Sun Jie , Alper Hal S 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Polylactic acid (PLA) is an important renewable polymer, but current processes for producing its precursor, lactic acid, suffer from process inefficiencies related to the use of bacterial hosts. Therefore, improving the capacity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to produce lactic acid is a promising approach to improve industrial production of lactic acid. As one such improvement required, the lactic acid tolerance of yeast must be significantly increased. To enable improved tolerance, we employed an RNAi-mediated genome-wide expression knockdown approach as a means to rapidly identify potential genetic targets. In this approach, several gene knockdown targets were identified which confer increased acid tolerance to S. cerevisiae BY4741, of which knockdown of the ribosome-associated chaperone SSB1 conferred the highest increase (52 %). This target was then transferred into a lactic acid-overproducing strain of S. cerevisiae CEN.PK in the form of a knockout and the resulting strain demonstrated up to 33 % increased cell growth, 58 % increased glucose consumption, and 60 % increased l-lactic acid production. As SSB1 contains a close functional homolog SSB2 in yeast, this result was counterintuitive and may point to as-yet-undefined functional differences between SSB1 and SSB2 related to lactic acid production. The final strain produced over 50 g/L of lactic acid in under 60 h of fermentation.
Cerebral atrophy in mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review with meta‐analysis
Authors: Tabatabaei‐Jafari Hossein , Shaw Marnie E. , Cherbuin Nicolas 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIntroductionAlthough mild cognitive impairment (MCI) diagnosis is mainly based on cognitive assessment, reliable estimates of structural changes in specific brain regions, that could be contrasted against normal brain aging and inform diagnosis, are lacking. This study aimed to systematically review the literature reporting on MCI‐related brain changes.MethodsThe MEDLINE database was searched for studies investigating longitudinal structural changes in MCI. Studies with compatible data were included in the meta‐analyses. A qualitative review was conducted for studies excluded from meta‐analyses.ResultsThe analyses revealed a 2.2‐fold higher volume loss in the hippocampus, 1.8‐fold in the whole brain, and 1.5‐fold in the entorhinal cortex in MCI participants.DiscussionAlthough the medial temporal lobe is likely to be more vulnerable to MCI pathology, atrophy in this brain area represents a relatively small proportion of whole brain loss, suggesting that future investigations are needed to identify the source of unaccounted volume loss in MCI.
DISSECTING NETWORK EXTERNALITIES IN INTERNATIONAL MIGRATION
Authors: Beine Michel , Docquier Frédéric , Özden Çağlar 
Published: December 2015

Abstract:Migrant networks play an important role in explaining the size and structure of migration flows. They affect the private costs and benefits of migration (assimilation channel) and lower legal entry barriers through family reunification programs (policy channel). This paper presents a micro-founded identification strategy allowing to disentangle the relative importance of these two channels. Our empirical analysis exploits US immigration data by metropolitan area and country of origin. We first find that the elasticity of migration flows to network size is around one. More interestingly, we show that the policy channel accounted at most for a quarter of this elasticity in the 1990s, and the magnitudes of the total network effect and the policy channel are greater for low-skilled migrants. Our results are strongly robust to sample selection, identification assumptions, and treatment for unobserved bilateral heterogeneity. Furthermore, the policy channel was stronger in the 1990s than in the 1980s, possibly reflecting the changes in the US family reunification policies. We conclude that the government capacity to curb the migration multiplier exists, but is limited.
An overview of the contribution of dairy and cheese intakes to nutrient intakes in the Irish diet: results from the National Adult Nutrition Survey
Authors: Feeney Emma L. , Nugent Anne P. , Mc Nulty Breige , Walton Janette , Flynn Albert , Gibney Eileen R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractDairy products are important contributors to nutrient intakes. However, dairy intakes are reportedly declining in developed populations, potentially due to concerns regarding Na and SFA in dairy foods, particularly cheese. This could impact other nutrient intakes. The present study used data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey (NANS) to (1) examine dairy intakes, with a specific focus on cheese, and (2) to examine the contribution of cheese to population nutrient intakes. The NANS captured detailed dietary intake data from a nationally representative sample (n1500) between 2008 and 2010 using 4-d semi-weighed food diaries; 99·9 % of the population reported dairy intake. Mean daily population dairy intake was 290·0 (sd202·1) g. Dairy products provided 8·7 % of the population intake of reported dietary Na, 19·8 % SFA, 39 % Ca, 34·5 % vitamin B12and 10·5 % Mg. Cheese alone provided 3·9 % Na intake, 9·1 % Ca, 12·6 % retinol, 8·3 % SFA, 3·7 % protein, 3·4 % vitamin B12and 3·2 % riboflavin. High dairy consumers had greater Ca and Mg intakes per 10 MJ, greater total energy intake, greater percentage of energy from carbohydrate and SFA and lower Na intakes compared with low dairy consumers. Similar trends were observed for high consumers of cheese for most nutrients except Na. These results demonstrate that dairy and cheese are important contributors to nutrient intakes of public health interest, such as Ca and B12. Our analysis also demonstrated that food-based dietary guidelines recommending lower-fat versions of dairy products are warranted.
A 15-year retrospective study of 160 cases of benign lip lesions
Authors: Arslan S , Çobanoğlu B , Ural A , Sayğin İ , Işik A Ü 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjective:This study aimed to describe the results of a retrospective analysis of a specific cohort of patients with benign lip lesions encountered in the last 15 years in the School of Medicine at Karadeniz Technical University.Method:A total of 312 patients were managed for lip lesions during the period 2000–2014. Data from 160 samples of benign lip biopsies were retrieved from the pathology laboratory records.Results:The study group included 20 different histopathological types of lesions, with mucocele being the most frequent lesion (43.13 per cent). The other frequent lesions were chronic inflammatory infiltrate (11.25 per cent), intradermal naevus (5.63 per cent), pyogenic granuloma (5.63 per cent), fibroma (5 per cent) and papilloma (5 per cent). Mucocele was significantly more common in younger patients (p < 0.001).Conclusion:Knowledge of the epidemiology and distribution of oral mucosal lesions is essential to promote early diagnosis and treatment. Further epidemiological studies exploring the causal relationships and risk factors for lip lesions are necessary for a better understanding of lip diseases.
Surgery for vertigo: 10-year audit from a contemporary vertigo clinic
Authors: Patnaik U , Srivastava A , Sikka K , Thakar A 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjective:To present the profile of patients undergoing surgical treatment for vertigo at a contemporary institutional vertigo clinic.Study design:A retrospective analysis of clinical charts.Methods:The charts of 1060 patients, referred to an institutional vertigo clinic from January 2003 to December 2012, were studied. The clinical profile and long-term outcomes of patients who underwent surgery were analysed.Results:Of 1060 patients, 12 (1.13 per cent) were managed surgically. Of these, disease-modifying surgical procedures included perilymphatic fistula repair (n= 7) and microvascular decompression of the vestibular nerve (n= 1). Labyrinth destructive procedures included transmastoid labyrinthectomy (n= 2) and labyrinthectomy with vestibular nerve section (n= 1). One patient with vestibular schwannoma underwent both a disease-modifying and destructive procedure (translabyrinthine excision). All patients achieved excellent vertigo control, classified as per the American Academy of Otolaryngology – Head and Neck Surgery 1995 criteria.Conclusion:With the advent of intratympanic treatments, surgical treatments for vertigo have become further limited. However, surgery with directed intent, in select patients, can give excellent results.
Beyond Eurocentrism and Orientalism: Revisiting the Othering of Jews and Muslims through medieval canon law
Authors: Lopez Julia Costa 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWhile the historical turn in IR has produced significant advances in historicising both international relations and the discipline itself, the way in which the Middle Ages have been approached, studied, and referenced even in this historically-informed scholarship unwittingly works to reinforce two myths that these scholars challenge: Eurocentrism and Orientalism. The main goal of this article is to problematise the uses of the medieval that reinforce these narratives by unpacking the linguistic and conceptual constructions that underpinned the interactions between Latin Christendom and rest of the world. In doing so, it makes two closely-connected arguments: first, drawing from the abundant literature on historical sociology and Eurocentrism, it argues that we cannot understand medieval Europe, and particularly European identity-formation, without paying attention to its relations with the non-Christian world. Secondly, and most crucially, it shows that these interactions never rested on the unified idea of an ‘infidel enemy’ that seems to emanate from the IR crusading literature. Rather, an examination of the constructions of Jews and Muslims in canon law shows an extremely nuanced and varied conceptual apparatus that creates several dynamics of Othering – and consequently allows for a variety of ways of relating ranging from toleration and coexistence to conquest.
Subexponentially increasing sums of partial quotients in continued fraction expansions
Authors: LIAO LINGMIN , RAMS MICHAŁ 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe investigate from a multifractal analysis point of view the increasing rate of the sums of partial quotients $S_{n}(x)=\sum_{j=1}^n a_{j}(x)$, where x = [a1(x), a2(x), . . .] is the continued fraction expansion of an irrational x ∈ (0, 1). Precisely, for an increasing function ϕ : $\mathbb{N}$ → $\mathbb{N}$, one is interested in the Hausdorff dimension of the set

E_\varphi = \left\{x\in (0,1): \lim_{n\to\infty} \frac {S_n(x)} {\varphi(n)} =1\right\}.

Several cases are solved by Iommi and Jordan, Wu and Xu, and Xu. We attack the remaining subexponential case exp(nγ), γ ∈ [1/2, 1). We show that when γ ∈ [1/2, 1), Eϕ has Hausdorff dimension 1/2. Thus, surprisingly, the dimension has a jump from 1 to 1/2 at ϕ(n) = exp(n1/2). In a similar way, the distribution of the largest partial quotient is also studied.
Introduction & overview
Authors: Archibald Zosia 
Published: December 2015

Does Archaeology in Greece have a purpose? Is it more than a convenient way of logging fortuitous finds? From a newcomer's viewpoint, AG may look hard to put into focus. Why does new information about landscapes and material culture matter? After all, don't we already know a great deal about the remote past of Greece? Aren't museums already full of attractive and interesting things? Do we need more of the same?Sometimes it pays to play devil's advocate: to stand back, observe what is going on and to take stock. If we want to have a short answer to the above questions, we need go no further than the Newsround section of AG. This year, David Smith bookends the section with key developments that have at least regional, arguably global significance. At one end, we have new data on the presence of early hominids in the Aegean and, at the other end, the report of a 16th -century Spanish galleon from the era of Philip II and the first evidence of a Minoan shipwreck across the Aegean from Crete itself.
Interplay between plasmon and single-particle excitations in a metal nanocluster
Authors: Ma Jie , Wang Zhi , Wang Lin-Wang 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPlasmon-generated hot carriers are used in photovoltaic or photochemical applications. However, the interplays between the plasmon and single-particle excitations in nanosystems have not been theoretically addressed using ab initio methods. Here we show such interplays in a Ag55 nanocluster using real-time time-dependent density functional theory simulations. We find that the disappearance of the zero-frequency peak in the Fourier transform of the band-to-band transition coefficient is a hallmark of the plasmon. We show the importance of the d-states for hot-carrier generations. If the single-particle d-to-s excitations are resonant to the plasmon frequency, the majority of the plasmon energy will be converted into hot carriers, and the overall hot-carrier generation is enhanced by the plasmon; if such resonance does not exist, we observe an intriguing Rabi oscillation between the plasmon and hot carriers. Phonons play a minor role in plasmonic dynamics in such small systems. This study provides guidance on improving plasmonic applications.
Inflammatory Eicosanoids Increase Amyloid Precursor Protein Expression via Activation of Multiple Neuronal Receptors
Authors: Herbst-Robinson Katie J. , Liu Li , James Michael , Yao Yuemang , Xie Sharon X. , Brunden Kurt R. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractSenile plaques comprised of Aβ peptides are a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain, as are activated glia that release inflammatory molecules, including eicosanoids. Previous studies have demonstrated that amyloid precursor protein (APP) and Aβ levels can be increased through activation of thromboxane A2-prostanoid (TP) receptors on neurons. We demonstrate that TP receptor regulation of APP expression depends on Gαq-signaling and conventional protein kinase C isoforms. Importantly, we discovered that Gαq-linked prostaglandin E2 and leukotriene D4 receptors also regulate APP expression. Prostaglandin E2 and thromboxane A2, as well as total APP levels, were found to be elevated in the brains of aged 5XFAD transgenic mice harboring Aβ plaques and activated glia, suggesting that increased APP expression resulted from eicosanoid binding to Gαq-linked neuronal receptors. Notably, inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis significantly lowered brain APP protein levels in aged 5XFAD mice. These results provide new insights into potential AD therapeutic strategies.
Critical field enhancement of asymptotic optical bound states in the continuum
Authors: Yoon Jae Woong , Song Seok Ho , Magnusson Robert 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe study spectral singularities and critical field enhancement factors associated with embedded photonic bound states in subwavelength periodic Si films. Ultrahigh-Q resonances supporting field enhancement factor exceeding 108 are obtained in the spectral vicinity of exact embedded eigenvalues in spite of deep surface modulation and vertical asymmetry of the given structure. Treating relations between the partial resonance Q and field enhancement factors with an analytical coupled-mode model, we derive a general strategy to maximize the field enhancement associated with these photonic bound states in the presence of material dissipation. The analytical expression for the field enhancement quantitatively agrees with rigorous numerical calculations. Therefore, our results provide a general knowledge for designing practical resonance elements based on optical bound states in the continuum in various applications.
Reconfigurable Solid-state Dye-doped Polymer Ring Resonator Lasers
Authors: Chandrahalim Hengky , Fan Xudong 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper presents wavelength configurable on-chip solid-state ring lasers fabricated by a single-mask standard lithography. The single- and coupled-ring resonator hosts were fabricated on a fused-silica wafer and filled with 3,3′-Diethyloxacarbocyanine iodide (CY3), Rhodamine 6G (R6G) and 3,3′-Diethylthiadicarbocyanine iodide (CY5)-doped polymer as the reconfigurable gain media. The recorded lasing threshold was ~220 nJ/mm2 per pulse for the single-ring resonator laser with R6G, marking the lowest threshold shown by solid-state dye-doped polymer lasers fabricated with a standard lithography process on a chip. A single-mode lasing from a coupled-ring resonator system with the lasing threshold of ~360 nJ/mm2 per pulse was also demonstrated through the Vernier effect. The renewability of the dye-doped polymer was examined by removing and redepositing the dye-doped polymer on the same resonator hosts for multiple cycles. We recorded consistent emissions from the devices for all trials, suggesting the feasibility of employing this technology for numerous photonic and biochemical sensing applications that entail for sustainable, reconfigurable and low lasing threshold coherent light sources on a chip.
Development of a smart guide wire using an electrostrictive polymer: option for steerable orientation and force feedback
Authors: Ganet F. , Le M. Q. , Capsal J. F. , Lermusiaux P. , Petit L. , Millon A. , Cottinet P. J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe development of steerable guide wire or catheter designs has been strongly limited by the lack of enabling actuator technologies. This paper presents the properties of an electrostrive actuator technology for steerable actuation. By carefully tailoring material properties and the actuator design, which can be integrated in devices, this technology should realistically make it possible to obtain a steerable guide wire design with considerable latitude. Electromechanical characteristics are described and their impact on a steerable design is discussed.
Full wave simulations of fast wave efficiency and power losses in the scrape-off layer of tokamak plasmas in mid/high harmonic and minority heating regimes*
Authors: Bertelli N. , Jaeger E.F. , Hosea J.C. , Phillips C.K. , Berry L. , Bonoli P.T. , Gerhardt S.P. , Green D. , LeBlanc B. , Perkins R.J. , Qin C.M. , Pinsker R.I. , Prater R. , Ryan P.M. , Taylor G. , Valeo E.J. , Wilson J.R. , Wright J.C. , Zhang X.J. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Several experiments on different machines and in different fast wave (FW) heating regimes, such as hydrogen minority heating and high harmonic fast waves (HHFW), have found strong interaction between radio-frequency (RF) waves and the scrape-off layer (SOL) region. This paper examines the propagation and the power loss in the SOL by using the full wave code AORSA, in which the edge plasma beyond the last closed flux surface (LCFS) is included in the solution domain and a collisional damping parameter is used as a proxy to represent the real, and most likely nonlinear, damping processes. 2D and 3D AORSA results for the National Spherical Torus eXperiment (NSTX) have shown a strong transition to higher SOL power losses (driven by the RF field) when the FW cut-off is removed from in front of the antenna by increasing the edge density. Here, full wave simulations have been extended for ‘conventional’ tokamaks with higher aspect ratios, such as the DIII-D, Alcator C-Mod, and EAST devices. DIII-D results in HHFW regime show similar behavior found in NSTX and NSTX-U, consistent with previous DIII-D experimental observations. In contrast, a different behavior has been found for C-Mod and EAST, which operate in the minority heating regime.