bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neuroacanthocytosis syndromes and neuropsychiatry symptoms associated
Authors: Saiz Garcia H. , Montes Reula L. , Portilla Fernandez A. , Pereira Sanchez V. , Lopez N. Olmo , Heredero E. Mancha , Enriquez A.S. Rosero 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionNeuroacanthocytosis is an infrequent cause of both neurological and psychiatric manifestations, and acanthocytes, which are a special form of spiculated red blood cells. Clinically significant psychopathology, ranging from behavioural disturbance to frank psychiatric illness, has been reported to occur in up to 60% of ChAc patients.MethodsA review was conducted aiming to clarify the physiopathology of this illness and its clinical features in order to distinguish neuroacanthocytosis from other neurological or psychiatric diseases. The literature search was conducted in PubMed data reviewing articles dating between 2010 and 2016.Results– Neuroacanthocytosis autosomal recessive disorder associated with mutations or deletions in the VPS13A gene on chromosome 9q, which codes for the membrane protein chorein. Chorein is strongly expressed in the brain. Chorein loss particularly affects the basal ganglia, especially the caudate nucleus and putamen;– Dysexecutive syndromes, OCD, depression and possibly psychosis, which may precede the frank motor and cognitive impairment;– The most recently developed treatment for neuroacanthocytoses is the use of deep-brain stimulation (DBS), with stimulation of the globus pallidus internus.ConclusionsWhile conducting a neurological exam, secondary causes of psychosis have to be included in the differential diagnosis. It is important to notice the possible confusion between tardive dyskinesia and a primary movement disorder. It should be necessary to investigate all de novo movement disorders in psychotic patients in order to eliminate etiologies other than iatrogenic ones.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Magnitude of resource and reputational concern impact generosity and deception in children
Authors: Shayesteh Far M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn a bargaining process, there are factors impacting the outcome (i.e. gain versus loss). Of the important factors is the informational asymmetries between bargainers which could provide a more powerful position for whom has information that the other partner has not as well as magnitude of resource.ObjectivesThus, in a modified two-round, 4 trials (different magnitudes) bargaining paradigm, we investigated deception in children when there is no chance of deception revelation (first round) and when there is a chance of deception revelation (second round).MethodsOne hundred and forty one healthy schoolchildren (90 boys and 51 girls) between age of 7 and 12 participated in the current study. We designed a modified version of the bargaining paradigm based on the experimental design by members of the junior faculty workshop in the conflict management division at the 1995 academy of management meetings in Vancouver, BC. Variables included earning amount, deception frequency, real generosity and pretend generosity.ResultsUsing paired-samples T-test we showed that there were significant differences between two rounds in earning amount, deception frequency and real generosity. We administered separate one-way ANOVA with repeated measure on 4 different conditions (bank amounts. We found that, the main effect of condition was significant for real generosity (in both round), for pretend generosity (in first round) and for deception amount (in both round).ConclusionsWe found that revelation (reputation concerns) decreases deception and increases generosity. Moreover, lesser magnitudes increase generosity and decrease deception and vice versa.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.
Personality and Defence Mechanisms in Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Ferrara R. , Renda N. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionTakotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC) is an acute cardiologic syndrome, characterized by specific symptoms and ECG, echocardiographic and enzymatic abnormalities, similar to an acute myocardial infarction, with no hemodynamically significant stenosis at coronary-ventriculography.ObjectiveTo assess personality in TC patients in order to find common psychopathological elements.MethodsA series of consecutive patients suffering from TC hospitalized at the Cardiology Unit of “Ingrassia” Hospital in Palermo in 2013–2014, were included in the study. We used Structured Clinical Interview for Axis I and II, according to DSM-IV TR criteria. Further, the Defense Mechanisms Inventory (DMI), used in order to explore defensive strategies: turning against self (TAS), projection (PRO), principalization (PRN), turning against object (TAO), and reversal (REV).ResultsEight women (mean age + SD: 57 ± 5 years) have been included in the study. A common element of them was a stressful event immediately preceding the onset of TC, in particular bereavement (4), armed robbery (1), infarction of a family member (1), estrangement of a family member (1), and separation from a partner (1). Although the patients did not fulfill any diagnostic criteria for Axis I or Axis II disorders of DSM-IV-TR, they showed scores at the SCID-II close to the limit values for avoidant and dependent personality .DMI showed, unequivocally, the common use of TAS-type defence style.ConclusionsAlthough the sample size was too small for complex statistical analyses, nevertheless our initial findings would indicate the presence of a common, defensive style in TC patients, and how this syndrome may be related to stressful life events.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Shame and Guilt Inducing Drugs
Authors: DiPetta G. 
Published: June 2017

The Author in this presentation examines the role of two complex human experiences, the Guilt and the Shame, in the field of the substances addiction. The population of abuser can be divided between users of sedatives and users of stimulants. Sedative drugs and stimulant drug belong to two different way of being-in-the-world. Sedative drugs are able to medicate the internal pain, which is constitutive of the guilt. Stimulant drugs are able to medicate the dysphoria, which is constitutive of the shame. In the realm of psychopathology Tellenbach with the concept of premelancholic personality in the guilty man and Kohut with the concept of narcissism in the tragic man have put the bases for a different typification. In both cases, the common final result, from a psychopathological point of view, is a severe crisis of the temporalization.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Goodbye Eros. Hello Narciso
Authors: Hernandez Anton R. , Gomez Sanchez S. , Alvarez Astorga A. , Cepedello Perez S. , Rybak Koite E. , Garcia Cantalapiedra M.J. , Rodriguez Andres L. , Segura Rodriguez A.I. , Uribe L.D.C. , Isidro Garcia G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLove has been one of the topics most discussed by philosophy, literature, anthropology, religion, psychology and medicine. “The feelings of love and hate are present in the background of all psychiatric disorders; love has been associated, in one way or another, in all patients that I have had” Dr. Perez Lanzac Trujillo.Objectives(1) Analyze the possible relationship between psychotic symptoms and breakup (stressor). (2) Review the neurotransmitters involved in psychotic episodes and in love. (3) Postmodern culture and sexuality (agony of Eros and liquid love).MethodologyA 17-years-old female patient, who presented psychotic symptoms without psychiatric history. We hypothesize that the affair was the symptom and the stressful event was the breakup. We believe that early bond with the mother is a decisive factor in shaping the psychic structure of every human being factor. In this case, it seems that there is an insecure attachment: absent parent + overprotective mother.True love draws three triangles: records (demand, drive and desire); dimensions (beliefs, significant and encounter) and emotions (pride, hope and desire).ResultsMost psychiatric disorders are especially alterations in the way of experiencing emotions. Some neurotransmitters involved in her psychosis and addiction are key players in the neurobiology of love.ConclusionsTrue love is the neurotic experience closer to psychosis.Overexcitement in today's society is a trauma for the psychic apparatus and it has consequences on the internal world, psychosexuality and loving bond.The crisis of art and literature can be attributed to the disappearance of the other, to the agony of Eros.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pieces of Me: A Story of Trauma and Dissociation
Authors: Garcia Ayala L. , Gómez Revuelta M. , Martin Requena C. , Juncal Ruiz M. , Porta Olivares O. , García de Acilu E. Saez de Adana , Aranzabal Itoiz A. , González Hernández B. , Laborde Zufiaurre M. , Zubia Martín M. , Núñez Morales N. , López Peña M.P. , González-Pinto Arrillaga A.M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionTraumatic event related disorders (ASD, PTSD and dissociative disorders) could share a common dissociative psychobiological origin. Patients diagnosed with dissociative identity disorder present a high sexual abuse rate (85–90%), way above the rest of the traumatic spectrum disorders.ObjectivesThe goal of this study is to analyse the existing relation between different types of trauma, especially sexual abuse, and the onset and continuity of dissociative disorders.Materials and methodsWe report the case of a 37 years old woman with a long sexual abuse history. The symptoms appear by age 30, in the form of flashbacks, ushering a persistent identity fragmentation in individual differentiated opposed components, shaping a dissociative personality disorder, which was present for years taking a fluctuating and invalidating nature.DiscussionWhen a traumatic event occurs, acute dissociative reactions frequently appear, usually briefly, disappearing spontaneously afterwards. In this case, we can discern the persistence of the dissociative symptoms and the repercussion they had in the patient's functionality.ConclusionThe existence of a correlation between the duration of a chronic traumatic event and the persistence of dissociative symptoms in the evolution of a dissociative personality disorder is possible.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Complex Trauma, Somatoform Dissociations & Energetics Therapy
Authors: Kurz R. , Fecht S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMental health professionals find it very challenging to provide counselling and therapy when confronted with disclosures of ritual, satanic and extreme abuse. Psychometric and muscle testing can facilitate diagnosis and healing in this context. Psychiatrists of renown such as David Hawkins and Colin Ross have embraced and written about energetic medicine in their practice.ObjectivesThe presentation explains how somatoform dissociations are tell-tale indications of abuse and neglect of early childhood trauma and how ‘Energetics’ therapy facilitates healing.AimsDelegates will learn to recognise somatoform dissociation symptoms, understand advances and limitations of psychometric assessment tools, appreciate energetics approaches as an adjunct to other intervention methods and gain an insight into the origins of complex trauma.MethodsTwo case studies are used to illustrate causes, impact, diagnosis and healing of complex trauma.ResultsA set of psychometric assessments helped to unravel a chilling revictimisation crime series. ‘Twice Exceptional’ characteristics were very high IQ coupled with Dyslexia, very weak auditory memory and psychic capabilities. In another case that stemmed from extreme abuse of ancient, commercial and high-tech varieties muscle testing and energetics therapy lead to a remarkable recovery.ConclusionsPsychometric and muscle testing can inform diagnosis, therapy and healing. Energetics can be used to bring about profound healing for those who have repressed severe trauma. This method has many advantages in that parts of it are easily learned, it is non-invasive, has no side effects, gives patients control over their reactions, eliminates triggers and offers healing.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychotherapies for Complex Trauma: A Combination Between EMDR and Mindfulness
Authors: Tounsi H. , Pacioselli P. , Riou L. , Gouret C. , Gross L. , Quaderi A. , Palazzolo J. 
Published: June 2017

Faced with the effects of trauma, new psychotherapies are emerging in France, converging especially around awareness, experience and emotion. The hypothesis put forward here concerns the complementarities of the two following approaches: Mindfulness, part of a behavioural and cognitive context. EMDR that uses neuroscience through its ABS. The implementation of a protocol based on EMDR and mindfulness, has shown convincing results on the demented elderly person suffering from complex PTSD. The protocol begins with a session devoted to anamnesis and symptoms evaluation. The second phase consists of desensitization and cognitive restructuring. The principal foundations rely on EMDR but also include mindfulness exercises to reduce anxiety due to the effects of therapy or otherwise allow the possibility to bring new material when it seems to encounter a deadlock. The third phase is the consolidation of therapeutic benefits. For this, ABS are based on the patient's resources and meditation exercises are performed in order to amplify the restructuration. The combination of these two therapies could allow to potentiate their respective effects. The single case study that we conducted allowed us to observe encouraging results: reduction of symptoms of revival, autonomic hyper-activation and avoidance. Effects were also observed for co-morbid symptoms namely depression, anxiety and psychotic manifestations. The combination of these two approaches seems profitable and requires replication.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevention of Specific Learning Disorders in Early Stages
Authors: Lupu I.R. , Lupu V. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSpecific learning disorders as defined in the DSM-5 are frequently diagnosed among children – 4–9% for reading deficits – (DSM-5, 2013). As any deficit can contribute not only to a child's emotional distress, it can also result in academic failure or school abandonment. Therefore, prevention measures should be considered.ObjectivesThe present study's objective was to compare the influence of a set of primary prevention measures on children's performance in reading and writing and improve their reading and writing.AimsWe aimed to prevent specific learning disorders–dyslexia and dysgraphia in children from the second to their third year in the educational system.MethodsOnly children from the second year of school were considered (grade I). Children with clear potential for developing specific learning disorders were included in the present study. Children with any other comorbidity were excluded from the data analysis. Four experimental groups were considered – one control and three interventional – 1. Control, 2. COPS method, 3. Meixner principles, and 4. COPS method combined with Meixner principles and considering improvement of reading images, image filling, graphical schema orientation and discrimination, spatial and temporal orientation, orientation of objects, fine motor skills, temporal sequences, attention for details, perception of differences.ResultsFindings indicated that the use of the combined methods significantly improved children's performance in reading and writing. Though all interventional methods improved children's performance. Results comparison was computed.ConclusionsEarly prevention programs which that target both reading and writing can improve children's performance in reading and writing.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pathological Gambling, Impulse Control Disorder or Behavioural Addiction: What do the Data Indicate?
Authors: Mann K. , Leménager T. , Kiefer F. , Fauth-Bühler M. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveThe reclassification of PG as an addictive disorder is under debate for ICD-11. Data on psychiatric comorbidity and family history might provide the basis for a well-informed decision.MethodsWe compared 515 male pathological gamblers from inpatient treatment units with 269 matched controls. Patients were diagnosed by experienced clinicians. In a random sample of 58 patients clinical diagnoses were validated through SKID 1 interviews [1].Results88% had a comorbid diagnosis of substance dependence (nicotine dependence 80%, alcohol dependence 28%). Only 1% of the gamblers had an impulse control disorder diagnosis. Compared with controls first degree relatives were more likely to suffer from alcohol dependence (27.0% vs. 7.4%), PG (8.3% vs. 0.7%) and suicide attempts (2.7% vs. 0.4%).ConclusionsIn addition to recent papers on the neurobiology (Fauth-Bühler et al., 2016) and genetics of gambling [2,3], our findings support the classification of PG as behavioural addiction in the ICD-11 [4].Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Citalopram–induced delusions in an older adult
Authors: Fennema J. , Petrykiv S. , De Jonge L. , Arts M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSelective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most prescribed antidepressants worldwide. In older adults, citalopram is generally well tolerated and safe in the therapeutic dose range of 20 to 40 mg/day. In literature, there are cases of SSRI-induced psychosis, but mainly with fluoxetine. There are only three reported cases of citalopram-induced delusions, however, these case-reports did not involve an older adult.Objectives and aimsTo provide a case of citalopram–induced psychosis in an older adult, followed by the review of available literature.MethodsA case report is presented and discussed followed by a literature review.ResultsA 64-year-old woman without somatic illnesses was referred by a general practitioner with depressive symptoms. One week after initiation of citalopram 10 mg/day she suddenly developed delusions, predominantly in the early morning. No other medical evidence was found that could explain her delusions. After discontinuation of citalopram her delusions quickly resolved.ConclusionThis is the first case report of a SSRI-induced delusion in an older adult. Citalopram has been reported to be one of the safest SSRIs. Although most SSRI's have a mild side-effect profile, care should be taken when initiating SSRIs since unpredictable adverse effects may occur.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Protection of proteins and lipids of blood plasma by different lithium salts under ethanol-induced oxidative damage
Authors: Prokopieva V. , Yarygina E. , Plotnikov E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe creation of new lithium compounds with antioxidant activity is relevant problem for psychiatry. The aim of this work was study of the protective effect of lithium salts against ethanol-induced oxidative damage to proteins and lipids of human blood plasma in vitro.MethodsWe used lithium ascorbate and lithium carbonate 0.6 mmol/L which correspond to the therapeutic dose (in terms of lithium ions). Antioxidant carnosine (β-Ala-L-His) was used as comparison drug. We used the blood of 12 healthy donors. The heparinized blood samples were incubated in presence of tested preparations for one hour at 37 °C. The final ethanol concentration in samples was 0.5%. Oxidative modification of proteins was determined as the level of carbonylated proteins with 2.4–dinitrophenilhydrazine, lipid peroxidation products–as the level of TBA-reactive products by spectrometry. Statistical analysis was performed with “Statistika 10” program.ResultsThe addition of ethanol in the blood led to a significant increase in carbonylated proteins and TBA-reactive products in the plasma (carbonylated proteins: without ethanol 0.26 ± 0.01 nmol/mg of protein; with ethanol 0.33 ± 0.02 nmol/mg; TBA-reactive products: without–3.2 ± 0.1 nmol/mL; with–4.0 ± 0.2 nmol/mL, P < 0.05). In the presence of carnosine such increase of oxidized products of biomolecules is not observed, i.e. carnosine had a protective effect against ethanol-induced oxidative damage. Lithium ascorbate showed a protective effect like carnosine. Lithium carbonate revealed no detectable influence on biomolecules in the conditions of our experiment.ConclusionLithium ascorbate has a protective effect on blood plasma proteins and lipids under ethanol-induced oxidative damage of biomolecules.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Childhood Trauma and Structural and Functional Brain Mechanisms Linked to Psychopathology
Authors: Aas M. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundChildhood trauma increases the risk of a range of mental disorders including psychosis. Whereas the mechanisms are unclear, previous evidence has implicated atypical processing of emotions among the core cognitive models, in particular suggesting altered attentional allocation towards negative stimuli and an increased negativity bias. Here we tested if childhood trauma was associated with differentiation in brain responses to negative and positive stimuli. We also tested if trauma was associated with emotional ratings of negative and positive faces.MethodsWe included 101 patients with a DSM schizophrenia spectrum or bipolar spectrum diagnosis. History of childhood trauma was obtained using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Brain activation was measured with functional MRI during presentation of faces with negative or positive emotional expressions. After the scanner session, patients performed emotional ratings of the same faces. Structural MRI was also measured.ResultsHigher levels of childhood trauma were associated with stronger differentiation in brain responses to negative compared to positive faces in clusters comprising the right angular gyrus, supramarginal gyrus, middle temporal gyrus, and the lateral occipital cortex (Cohen's d = 0.72-0.77). In patients with schizophrenia, childhood trauma was associated with reporting negative faces as more negative, and positive faces as less positive (Cohen's d > 0.8).ConclusionsAlong with the observed negativity bias in the assessment of emotional valence of faces, our data suggest stronger differentiation in brain responses between negative and positive faces in patients with childhood trauma.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.