bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A performance da diversidade: o xamanismo como modo performático
Authors: Langdon Esther Jean 
Published: August 2016

Entendendo o xamanismo como um modo performático, este texto explora o seu papel entre os índios Siona da Colômbia como expressão de especificidade cultural perante a violência colonial e pós-colonial. A história oral reconta como o papel xamânico transformou-se no papel do poderoso cacique curaca, em resposta adaptativa às atividades missionárias. Após a quase extinção dos xamãs praticantes no século XX, suas performances surgiram nas duas últimas décadas como uma estratégia-chave na fomentação das especificidades étnicas e nas lutas contemporâneas pelos direitos indígenas. Tanto a constituição colombiana de 1991 quanto as redes urbanas neoxamânicas associam o xamanismo à preservação ecológica, à medicina tradicional, à identidade étnica e ao bem-estar da comunidade. Em Putumayo, região caracterizada como “zona de guerra”, as performances xamânicas são uma estratégia fundamental no campo complexo das negociações entre comunidades indígenas, organizações governamentais e não governamentais, indústrias extrativas e diversos grupos armados.Tradução: Elisa Nazarian
Incidence, Treatment Intensity, and Incremental Annual Expenditures for Patients Experiencing a Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infection
Authors: Sohail M. Rizwan , Eby Elizabeth L. , Ryan Michael P. , Gunnarsson Candace , Wright Laura A. , Greenspon Arnold J. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Because of the increasing use of cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), it is important to estimate the incidence and annual healthcare expenditures associated with CIED infections.

Methods and Results—
Patients with a record of an initial or replacement (full implant or generator only) CIED implant during the calendar years 2009 to 2012 in MarketScan Commercial Claims and Medicare Supplemental database were identified. CIED infections were classified into 4 categories: (1) infection not managed by inpatient admission nor implant removal, (2) infection managed by inpatient admission but no implant removal, (3) infection managed by an implant removal either in an inpatient or in an outpatient setting, and (4) infection with severe sepsis and managed in an inpatient setting with implant removal. Using separate models for initial and replacement cohorts, annualized incidence of infection and incremental annual expenditures by treatment intensity were estimated. Cumulative incidence of infection at 1 year post implant was 1.18% for initial CIED implants and 2.37% for replacement. Median time to infection was 35 days for initial and 23 days for replacement. Incremental healthcare expenditures by treatment intensity categories for initial implant patients at 1 year were $16 651, $104 077, $45 291, and $279 744. For replacement patients, incremental expenditures at 1 year by treatment intensity categories were $26 857, $43 541, $48 759, and $362 606.

Conclusions—
The management of CIED infections results in a substantial healthcare burden with a significant increase in annual expenditures the year after implant when device infection occurs.
Hypochloremia, Diuretic Resistance, and Outcome in Patients With Acute Heart Failure
Authors: ter Maaten Jozine M. , Damman Kevin , Hanberg Jennifer S. , Givertz Michael M. , Metra Marco , O’Connor Christopher M. , Teerlink John R. , Ponikowski Piotr , Cotter Gad , Davison Beth , Cleland John G. , Bloomfield Daniel M. , Hillege Hans L. , van Veldhuisen Dirk J. , Voors Adriaan A. , Testani Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Chloride plays a role in renal salt sensing, neurohormonal activation, and regulation of diuretic targets, and hypochloremia predicts mortality in acute heart failure (AHF). AHF therapies, such as diuretics, alter chloride homeostasis. We studied the association between (changes in) chloride levels and diuretic responsiveness, decongestion, and mortality in patients with AHF.

Methods and Results—

Patients hospitalized for AHF in the PROTECT trial (n=2033) with serum chloride levels within 24 hours of admission and 14 days later were studied (n=1960). Hypochloremia was defined as serum chloride <96 mEq/L. Mean baseline chloride was 100.8±5.0 mEq/L. Low baseline chloride was associated with high bicarbonate, poor diuretic response, less hemoconcentration, and worsening heart failure (all
P
<0.01). Newly developed hypochloremia at day 14 was common and associated with a decline in renal function and an increase in blood urea nitrogen (
P
<0.01). In multivariable analyses, chloride measured at day 14, but not baseline chloride, was strongly and independently associated with mortality through 180 days (hazard ratio per unit decrease: 1.07 [1.03–1.10];
P
<0.001). In comparison, sodium was not significantly associated with mortality after multivariable adjustment at any time point. Hypochloremia at baseline that resolved was not associated with mortality (
P
=0.55), but new or persistent hypochloremia at day 14 was associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio: 3.11 [2.17–4.46];
P
<0.001).

Conclusions—
Low serum chloride at AHF hospital admission was strongly associated with impaired decongestion. New or persistent hypochloremia 14 days later was independently associated with reduced survival, whereas hypochloremia that resolved by day 14 was not.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00354458.
Hypochloremia and Diuretic Resistance in Heart Failure
Authors: Hanberg Jennifer S. , Rao Veena , ter Maaten Jozine M. , Laur Olga , Brisco Meredith A. , Perry Wilson F. , Grodin Justin L. , Assefa Mahlet , Samuel Broughton J. , Planavsky Noah J. , Ahmad Tariq , Bellumkonda Lavanya , Wilson Tang W. H. , Parikh Chirag R. , Testani Jeffrey M. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
Recent epidemiological studies have implicated chloride, rather than sodium, as the driver of poor survival previously attributed to hyponatremia in heart failure. Accumulating basic science evidence has identified chloride as a critical factor in renal salt sensing. Our goal was to probe the physiology bridging this basic and epidemiological literature.

Methods and Results—

Two heart failure cohorts were included: (1) observational: patients receiving loop diuretics at the Yale Transitional Care Center (N=162) and (2) interventional pilot: stable outpatients receiving ≥80 mg furosemide equivalents were studied before and after 3 days of 115 mmol/d supplemental lysine chloride (N=10). At the Yale Transitional Care Center, 31.5% of patients had hypochloremia (chloride ≤96 mmol/L). Plasma renin concentration correlated with serum chloride (
r
=−0.46;
P
<0.001) with no incremental contribution from serum sodium (
P
=0.49). Hypochloremic versus nonhypochloremic patients exhibited renal wasting of chloride (
P
=0.04) and of chloride relative to sodium (
P
=0.01), despite better renal free water excretion (urine osmolality 343±101 mOsm/kg versus 475±136;
P
<0.001). Hypochloremia was associated with poor diuretic response (odds ratio, 7.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.3–16.1;
P
<0.001). In the interventional pilot, lysine chloride supplementation was associated with an increase in serum chloride levels of 2.2±2.3 mmol/L, and the majority of participants experienced findings such as hemoconcentration, weight loss, reduction in amino terminal, pro B-type natriuretic peptide, increased plasma renin activity, and increased blood urea nitrogen to creatinine ratio.

Conclusions—
Hypochloremia is associated with neurohormonal activation and diuretic resistance with chloride depletion as a candidate mechanism. Sodium-free chloride supplementation was associated with increases in serum chloride and changes in several cardiorenal parameters.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT02031354.
Resolvin D2 Enhances Postischemic Revascularization While Resolving Inflammation
Authors: Zhang Michael J. , Sansbury Brian E. , Hellmann Jason , Baker James F. , Guo Luping , Parmer Caitlin M. , Prenner Joshua C. , Conklin Daniel J. , Bhatnagar Aruni , Creager Mark A. , Spite Matthew 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Resolvins are lipid mediators generated by leukocytes during the resolution phase of inflammation. They have been shown to regulate the transition from inflammation to tissue repair; however, it is unknown whether resolvins play a role in tissue revascularization following ischemia.

Methods:
We used a murine model of hind limb ischemia (HLI), coupled with laser Doppler perfusion imaging, microcomputed tomography, and targeted mass spectrometry, to assess the role of resolvins in revascularization and inflammation resolution.

Results:

In mice undergoing HLI, we identified resolvin D2 (RvD2) in bone marrow and skeletal muscle by mass spectrometry (n=4–7 per group). We also identified RvD2 in skeletal muscle biopsies from humans with peripheral artery disease. Monocytes were recruited to skeletal muscle during HLI and isolated monocytes produced RvD2 in a lipoxygenase-dependent manner. Exogenous RvD2 enhanced perfusion recovery in HLI and microcomputed tomography of limb vasculature revealed greater volume, with evidence of tortuous arterioles indicative of arteriogenesis (n=6–8 per group). Unlike other treatment strategies for therapeutic revascularization that exacerbate inflammation, RvD2 did not increase vascular permeability, but reduced neutrophil accumulation and the plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor. In mice treated with RvD2, histopathologic analysis of skeletal muscle of ischemic limbs showed more regenerating myocytes with centrally located nuclei. RvD2 enhanced endothelial cell migration in a Rac-dependent manner, via its receptor, GPR18, and
Gpr18
-deficient mice had an endogenous defect in perfusion recovery following HLI. Importantly, RvD2 rescued defective revascularization in diabetic mice.

ConclusionS:
RvD2 stimulates arteriogenic revascularization during HLI, suggesting that resolvins may be a novel class of mediators that both resolve inflammation and promote arteriogenesis.
Predictors and Prognostic Significance of Right Ventricular Ejection Fraction in Patients With Ischemic Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sabe Marwa A. , Sabe Sharif A. , Kusunose Kenya , Flamm Scott D. , Griffin Brian P. , Kwon Deborah H. 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Decreased right ventricular (RV) ejection fraction (RVEF) portends poor prognosis in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, and previous studies have suggested an association between mitral regurgitation (MR) and RVEF. We sought to evaluate this association and whether mitral valve repair or replacement affects the relationship between RV function and mortality.

Methods:
We included 588 patients (mean age, 63±11 years; 75% male) with ischemic cardiomyopathy who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging between 2002 and 2008. Baseline characteristics, left ventricular ejection fraction, MR severity, treatment modality, scar burden, and RVEF were assessed. Multivariable linear regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association between MR and RVEF and between RVEF and mortality, respectively.

Results:

After adjustment for age, sex, left ventricular ejection fraction, right bundle-branch block, and RV scar, MR severity was found to be associated independently with RVEF. There were a total of 240 deaths during a median follow-up time of 5.7 years. After multivariable adjustment, every 10% decrease in RVEF was associated with a 17% increased risk of death (
P
=0.008). Although decreasing RVEF was associated with a poor prognosis in the nonrepair group (hazard ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.12–1.47;
P
<0.001), it was not associated with death in the mitral valve repair or replacement group (
P
for interaction=0.046).

ConclusionS:
MR severity was found to be an independent predictor of RVEF, as were right bundle-branch block, left ventricular ejection fraction, and the presence of RV scar. Decreasing RVEF is associated with increased mortality in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy; however, this association may be mitigated in patients who undergo mitral valve repair or replacement.
Application of the NMME in the Development of a New Regional Seasonal Climate Forecast Tool
Authors: Bolinger Rebecca A. , Gronewold Andrew D. , Kompoltowicz Keith , Fry Lauren M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s Climate Prediction Center (CPC) provides access to a suite of real-time monthly climate forecasts that compose the North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME) in an attempt to meet the increasing demands for monthly to seasonal climate prediction. While the North American and global map-based forecasts provided by CPC are informative on a broad or continental scale, operational and decision-making institutions need products with a much more specific regional focus. To address this need, we developed a Region-Specific Seasonal Climate Forecast (RSCF–NMME) tool by combining NMME forecasts with regional climatological data. The RSCF–NMME automatically downloads and archives data and is displayed via a dynamic web-based graphical user interface. The tool has been applied to the Great Lakes region and utilized as part of operational water-level forecasting procedures by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Detroit District (USACE-Detroit). Evaluation of the tool, compared with seasonal climate forecasts released by CPC, shows that the tool can provide additional useful information to users and overcomes some of the limitations of the CPC forecasts. The RSCF–NMME delivers details about a specific region’s climate, verification observations, and the ability to view different model forecasts. With its successful implementation within an operational environment, the tool has proven beneficial and thus set a precedent for expansion to other regions where there is a demand for region-specific seasonal climate forecasts.
Measurements of Rainfall Velocity and Raindrop Size Distribution Using Coherent Doppler Lidar
Authors: Aoki Makoto , Iwai Hironori , Nakagawa Katsuhiro , Ishii Shoken , Mizutani Kohei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRainfall velocity, raindrop size distribution (DSD), and vertical wind velocity were simultaneously observed with 2.05- and 1.54-μm coherent Doppler lidars during convective and stratiform rain events. A retrieval method is based on identifying two separate spectra from the convolution of the aerosol and precipitation Doppler lidar spectra. The vertical wind velocity was retrieved from the aerosol spectrum peak and then the terminal rainfall velocity corrected by the vertical air motion from the precipitation spectrum peak was obtained. The DSD was derived from the precipitation spectrum using the relationship between the raindrop size and the terminal rainfall velocity. A comparison of the 1-min-averaged rainfall velocity from Doppler lidar measurements at a minimum range and that from a collocated ground-based optical disdrometer revealed high correlation coefficients of over 0.89 for both convective and stratiform rain events. The 1-min-averaged DSDs retrieved from the Doppler lidar spectrum using parametric and nonparametric methods are also in good agreement with those measured with the optical disdrometer with a correlation coefficient of over 0.80 for all rain events. To retrieve the DSD, the parametric method assumes a mathematical function for the DSD and the nonparametric method computes the direct deconvolution of the measured Doppler lidar spectrum without assuming a DSD function. It is confirmed that the Doppler lidar can retrieve the rainfall velocity and DSD during relatively heavy rain, whereas the ratio of valid data significantly decreases in light rain events because it is extremely difficult to separate the overlapping rain and aerosol peaks in the Doppler spectrum.
Clinical significance of T cell metabolic reprogramming in cancer
Authors: Herbel Christoph , Patsoukis Nikolaos , Bardhan Kankana , Seth Pankaj , Weaver Jessica D. , Boussiotis Vassiliki A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractConversion of normal cells to cancer is accompanied with changes in their metabolism. During this conversion, cell metabolism undergoes a shift from oxidative phosphorylation to aerobic glycolysis, also known as Warburg effect, which is a hallmark for cancer cell metabolism. In cancer cells, glycolysis functions in parallel with the TCA cycle and other metabolic pathways to enhance biosynthetic processes and thus support proliferation and growth. Similar metabolic features are observed in T cells during activation but, in contrast to cancer, metabolic transitions in T cells are part of a physiological process. Currently, there is intense interest in understanding the cause and effect relationship between metabolic reprogramming and T cell differentiation. After the recent success of cancer immunotherapy, the crosstalk between immune system and cancer has come to the forefront of clinical and basic research. One of the key goals is to delineate how metabolic alterations of cancer influence metabolism‐regulated function and differentiation of tumor resident T cells and how such effects might be altered by immunotherapy. Here, we review the unique metabolic features of cancer, the implications of cancer metabolism on T cell metabolic reprogramming during antigen encounters, and the translational prospective of harnessing metabolism in cancer and T cells for cancer therapy.
Cultural policies and local development: The Portuguese case
Authors: Silva Augusto Santos , Babo Elisa Pérez , Guerra Paula 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
In Portugal, two levels of public policy implementation are relevant: the national, under government responsibility, and the local, under the responsibility of municipalities. The importance of municipalities in defining cultural public policies has grown, given the expense and the responsibility in launching and managing cultural equipment and arts support. The growing significance of municipalities in the cultural-public-policies scene takes place along with the growing importance of culture in the context of their development policies. The two movements cannot be dissociated. This review considers some critical issues, from the perspective of academic research and planning: namely, the autonomy of local policies in a country marked by the territorial concentration of resources; the interaction between public policies and structural properties of urban areas; the suitability of municipal policies to new cultural forms, audiences, consumer practices and cultural production; and the local challenges in plans of social support, financial resources, governance and sustainability.
Morphological and Biochemical Responses to Gibberellic Acid in Magnolia × ‘Spectrum’ in Vitro
Authors: Wojtania Agnieszka , Skrzypek Edyta , Gabryszewska Eleonora 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe total soluble sugar content and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied for the first time during axillary shoot formation inMagnolia× ‘Spectrum’ in vitro in response to BAP (0.3 mg l−1), different levels of gibberellic acid (GA3; 0.0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg l−1), sucrose (20 and 30 g l−1) and nitrogen salts (KNO3/NH4NO3; 100/100% and 75/50% relative to MS medium). Among various GA3and sucrose/nitrogen salts ratios, the most effective axillary multiplication (5.9 shoots/explant) and leaf formation (25.7 leaves per multiplied clumps) were obtained after addition of GA3at 0.1 mg l−1to a BAP medium containing 20 g l−1sucrose and reduced levels of nitrogen salts (75% KNO3and 50% NH4NO3). The addition of GA3to the BAP medium enhanced shoot formation by 36% and leaf formation by 27%. The highest shoot formation capacity ofM.× ‘Spectrum’ in vitro coincided with enhanced levels of soluble sugar and peroxidase (POD) activity. Increasing GA3concentration from 0.1 to 1.0 mg l−1in the above medium resulted in inhibition of shoot and leaf formation and a decrease in the soluble sugar content. The influence of GA3on the activities of catalase (CAT) and POD depended on its concentration and the levels of sucrose and nitrogen salts in the medium. The highest increase in CAT and POD activities, that coincided with the enhanced shoot formation capacity ofM.× ‘Spectrum’ in vitro, was observed after addition of GA3to the medium containing high levels of sucrose and nitrogen salts.
Wear Resistance of Piston Sleeve Made of Layered Material Structure: MMC A356R, Anti-Abrasion Layer and FGM Interface
Authors: Hernik Szymon 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper is the numerical analysis of the one of main part of car engine – piston sleeve. The first example is for piston sleeve made of metal matrix composite (MMC) A356R. The second improved material structure is layered. Both of them are comparison to the classical structure of piston sleeve made of Cr-Ni stainless steel. The layered material structure contains the anti-abrasion layer at the inner surface of piston sleeve, where the contact and friction is highest, FGM (functionally graded material) interface and the layer of virgin material on the outer surface made of A356R. The complex thermo-elastic model with Archard's condition as a wear law is proposed. The piston sleeve is modelling as a thin walled cylindrical axisymmetric shell. The coupled between the formulation of thermo-elasticity of cylindrical axisymmetric shell and the Archard’s law with functionally changes of local hardness is proposed.
Suggested Research Method for Testing Selected Tribological Properties of Friction Components in Vehicle Braking Systems
Authors: Borawski Andrzej 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The braking system is one of the most important systems in any vehicle. Its proper functioning may determine the health and life the people inside the vehicle as well as other road users. Therefore, it is important that the parameters which characterise the functioning of brakes changed as little as possible throughout their lifespan. Multiple instances of heating and cooling of the working components of the brake system as well as the environment they work in may impact their tribological properties. This article describes a method of evaluating the coefficient of friction and the wear speed of abrasive wear of friction working components of brakes. The methodology was developed on the basis of Taguchi’s method of process optimization.
Dynamics of the Non-Contact Roundness Measurement with Air Gages
Authors: Jermak Czesław Janusz , Rucki Mirosław 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper presents the results of investigations on the air gages dynamic characteristics in the measurement of the round profiles of motor cylinders. The principle of the measuring device is explained, and the analysis of the air gages dynamics is described. The results of dynamic calibration enabled to eliminate those configurations of air gages that may not meet the requirements of the measurement they were designed for. After the proper air gages were chosen, the entire system underwent the accuracy test and passed it successfully revealing the method accuracy better than 10% compared to the reference measurement.