bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Bayesian analysis of rare exonic variants to identify risk genes for schizophrenia and neurodevelopmental disorders
Authors: Nguyen Hoang T , Bryois Julien , Kim April , Dobbyn Amanda , Huckins Laura M , Munoz-Manchado Ana B , Ruderfer Douglas M , Genovese Giulio , Fromer Menachem , Xu Xinyi , Pinto Dalila , Linnarsson Sten , Verhage Matthijs , Smit August B , Hjerling-Leffler Jens , Buxbaum Joseph , Hultman Christina , Sklar Pamela , Purcell Shaun M , Lage Kasper , He Xin , Sullivan Patrick F , Stahl Eli A 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground:Integrating rare variation from trio family and case/control studies has successfully implicated specific genes contributing to risk of neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) including autism spectrum disorders (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), developmental disorders (DD), and epilepsy (EPI). For schizophrenia (SCZ), however, while sets of genes have been implicated through study of rare variation, only two risk genes have been identified.Methods:We used hierarchical Bayesian modeling of rare variant genetic architecture to estimate mean effect sizes and risk-gene proportions, analyzing the largest available collection of whole exome sequence (WES) data for schizophrenia (1,077 trios, 6,699 cases and 13,028 controls), and data for four NDDs (ASD, ID, DD, and EPI; total 10,792 trios, and 4,058 cases and controls).Results:For SCZ, we estimate 1,551 risk genes, more risk genes and weaker effects than for NDDs. We provide power analyses to predict the number of risk gene discoveries as more data become available, demonstrating greater value of case-control over trio samples. We confirm and augment prior risk gene and gene set enrichment results for SCZ and NDDs. In particular, we detected 98 new DD risk genes at FDR<0.05. Correlations of risk-gene posterior probabilities are high across four NDDs (ρ >0.55), but low between SCZ and the NDDs (ρ <0.3). In depth analysis of 288 NDD genes shows highly significant protein-protein interaction (PPI) network connectivity, and functionally distinct PPI subnetworks based on pathway enrichments, single-cell RNA-seq (scRNAseq) cell types and multi-region developmental brain RNA-seq.Conclusions:We have extended a pipeline used in ASD studies and applied it to infer rare genetic parameters for SCZ and four NDDs. We find many new DD risk genes, supported by gene set enrichment and PPI network connectivity analyses. We find greater similarity among NDDs than between NDDs and SCZ. NDD gene subnetworks are implicated in postnatally expressed presynaptic and postsynaptic genes, and for transcriptional and post-transcriptional gene regulation in prenatal neural progenitor and stem cells.
Epha2, an epithelial cell pattern recognition receptor for fungal β-glucans
Authors: Swidergall Marc , Solis Norma V. , Filler Scott G. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract:Oral epithelial cells discriminate between pathogenic and non-pathogenic stimuli, and only induce an inflammatory response when they are exposed to high levels of a potentially harmful microorganism. The pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in epithelial cells that mediate this differential response are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the ephrin type-A receptor 2 (EphA2) is an oral epithelial cell PRR that binds to exposed β-glucans on the surface of the fungal pathogenCandida albicans. Binding ofC. albicansto EphA2 on oral epithelial cells activates signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in an inoculum-dependent manner, and is required for induction of a pro-inflammatory and antifungal response. Inhibition of EphA2 in mice decreases IL-17 signaling during oropharyngeal candidiasis, resulting in increased oral fungal burden and fungal dissemination. Our study reveals that EphA2 functions as PRR for β-glucans that senses epithelial cell fungal burden and is required for the maximal mucosal inflammatory response toC. albicans.One Sentence Summary:EphA2 is a pattern recognition receptor that senses fungal β-glucans to induce an inflammatory response in oral epithelial cells.
Genome comparisons indicate recent transfer ofwRi-likeWolbachiabetween sister speciesDrosophila suzukiiandD. subpulchrella
Authors: Conner William R. , Blaxter Mark L. , Anfora Gianfranco , Ometto Lino , Rota-Stabelli Omar , Turelli Michael 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWolbachiaendosymbionts may be acquired by horizontal transfer, by introgression through hybridization between closely related species, or by cladogenic retention during speciation. All three modes of acquisition have been demonstrated, but their relative frequency is largely unknown.Drosophila suzukiiand its sister speciesD. subpulchrellaharborWolbachia, denotedwSuz andwSpc, very closely related towRi, identified in California populations ofD. simulans.However, these variants differ in their induced phenotypes:wRi causes significant cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) inD. simulans, but CI has not been detected inD. suzukiiorD. subpulchrella.Our draft genomes ofwSuz andwSpc contain full-length copies of 703 of the 734 single-copy genes found inwRi. Over these coding sequences,wSuz andwSpc differ by only 0.004% (i.e., 28 of 704,883 bp); they are sisters relative towRi, from which each differs by 0.014-0.015%. Using published data fromD. melanogaster, Nasoniawasps andNomadabees to calibrate relative rates ofWolbachiaversus host nuclear divergence, we conclude thatwSuz andwSpc are too similar - by at least a factor of 100 - to be plausible candidates for cladogenic transmission. These threewRi-likeWolbachia, which differ in CI phenotype in their native hosts, have different numbers of orthologs of genes postulated to contribute to CI; and the CI loci differ at several nucleotides that may account for the CI difference. We discuss the general problem of distinguishing alternative modes ofWolbachiaacquisition, focusing on the difficulties posed by limited knowledge of variation in absolute and relative rates of molecular evolution for host nuclear genomes, mitochondria andWolbachia.
Linking Halal food certification and business performance
Authors: Ab Talib Mohamed Syazwan , Ai Chin Thoo , Fischer Johan 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between Halal food certification (HFC) and business performance. This study argues that Halal food certificate implementation positively influences business performance.

Design/methodology/approach
A total of 210 Halal certified food manufacturing companies in Malaysia participated in the study. Data were gathered through a structured questionnaire and were analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling technique.

Findings
The study proved that HFC has a positive relationship with operational performance. Additionally, operational performance mediates the relationship between HFC and financial performance. Altogether, this signifies that Halal food certificate implementation positively influences business performance.

Practical implications
By linking HFC and business performance, managers may be aware of the significant role of HFC in influencing operational and financial performance. It would entice more food companies to become Halal certified that opens up an opportunity to a lucrative Halal food industry. It also empirically justifies that a religion-based food certification has the ability to influence business performance, consistent with other established food standards such as ISO 22000 or HACCP.

Originality/value
Although numerous studies have concentrated on well-established food certifications, the expanding Muslim population, rising demand for Halal food, and lucrative Halal food market have raised the attention on HFC research among academicians and practitioners. This research is able to highlight the importance of implementing HFC among food companies as it could potentially lead to superior business outcomes.
Information used in food shoppers’ vegetable purchasing decisions in Chinese societies
Authors: Hsu Jane Lu , Shiue Charlene W. , Hung Kelsey J.-R. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to reveal influential information used in vegetable purchasing decisions of household primary food shoppers in China and in Taiwan.

Design/methodology/approach
Two in-person surveys were administrated separately in Shanghai, China and in Taipei, Taiwan, the two most populous metropolitan areas in China and in Taiwan, respectively.

Findings
Results reveal that about 32 per cent of respondents in Taipei purchase vegetables once in every two to three days. The majority of respondents in Shanghai (81 per cent) purchase vegetables on a daily basis. Results of factor analysis reveal the four dimensions, origin labelling, promotion, selection, and quality, influence purchasing decisions of respondents in Taipei and in Shanghai. For household primary food shoppers in Taipei, origin labelling and selection help food shoppers in Taipei in vegetable purchasing decisions, but not promotion. For those food shoppers in Shanghai who purchase large volume of vegetables, quality is the most important factor in purchasing decisions.

Originality/value
This study provides new insights into vegetable purchasing decisions in two populous cities in China and Taiwan. The contributions of this study are to provide valuable information in vegetable purchasing decisions for effective information communication in retailing; and to fill in the gap of research in vegetable purchasing decisions in consumer behaviour studies in Chinese societies.
Food deserts: is it only about a limited access?
Authors: Rodier Francine , Durif Fabien , Ertz Myriam 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
Previous research has extensively examined “food deserts,” where access to healthy food is limited. However, little is known of the buying behavior at the individual household level in terms of buying habits and consumption in these areas. The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent other factors than access can account for the purchase of healthy food products, namely, fruits and vegetables.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes to partially fill this gap through a qualitative (n=55) and quantitative (n=512) study of those people who are in charge of their household purchases in two food deserts in the city of Montreal.

Findings
Results show that geographical access to supermarkets is not the main factor fostering the purchase of healthy foods (fruits and vegetables). Indeed, food education (e.g. information, simple recipes, cooking classes), associated with a changing mediation process through product diversification (e.g. availability of local products in bulk) and supply (e.g. farmers) seems to be more significant.

Research limitations/implications
Future studies could compare the results obtained through this study in different socio-demographic contexts. Longitudinal analyses could also increase the understanding of the social and commercial challenges.

Originality/value
In contrast to previous studies, the results show that geographical access to supermarkets is not the main factor fostering the purchase of fruits and vegetables. Indeed, food education (e.g. information, simple recipes, cooking classes), associated with a changing mediation process through product diversification (e.g. products in bulk) and supply (e.g. farmers) seem to be more significant.
Importance of wine attributes: a South African Generation Y perspective
Authors: Lategan Benjamin Wilhelm , Pentz Chris D. , du Preez Ronel 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to: determine the relative importance that Generation Y consumers indicate for 13 wine attributes in their selection of wine; determine if these wine attributes are significantly distinct in importance in the mind of the consumer; and compare the wine attribute importance findings with the US findings of Chrysochou et al. (2012).

Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative data were gathered from a convenience student sample (n=429) to which the Best-Worst Scaling method was applied for 13 pre-determined wine attributes in a Balanced Incomplete Block Design. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, reliability analysis, t-tests and mixed model repeated measure ANOVA.

Findings
Respondents were able to differentiate between the importance of wine attributes. Taste was the most important wine attribute followed by someone recommended it. Alcohol level below 13 per cent was least important. Firm controlled information such as information on back label was of little importance. South African Generation Y consumers seem to select wine similarly to those in the USA.

Originality/value
Findings contribute to generation-based research in wine marketing and increase the understanding of the wine selection behaviour of Generation Y consumers in South Africa. More effective marketing strategies to Generation Y consumers can result to grow wine consumption in this significant segment.
Observed food safety behaviors among consumers and employees in university food courts
Authors: Her EunSol , Seo Soobin , Choi Jihee , Pool Victor , Ilic Sanja 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine food safety behaviors of consumers and employees at university food courts.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a smartphone-based observation technique, a total of 149 consumers and 34 employees were observed at three food courts at a mid-western university in the USA. The observational tool recorded 30 sequential transactions of each individual, allowing researchers to identify the compliance rate to the rubric. Both descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis.

Findings
This study found a low compliance rate of food safety practices among consumers and employees at university food courts. Consumers’ food safety practices varied depending on gender, observed ethnicity and party size, while none of those factors was significant for employees. Specifically, females, Caucasians, and lone diners showed higher non-compliance rates than those of males, non-Caucasians and group diners.

Research limitations/implications
The results of the study raise the pressing needs of developing effective risk communication strategies at university food courts for both consumers and employees in order to reduce the potential risk of foodborne illness outbreaks.

Originality/value
University food courts are not only major foodservice operations for on-campus populations as well as off-campus visitors and the local public, but also the presence of shared dining area pertains the potential risk of foodborne illnesses. However, lack of attention has been paid to the food safety issues at university food courts, and especially food safety behaviors of consumers. This study extended the knowledge of previous food safety literature by adopting a smartphone-based observation technique and developing a rubric customized for consumers and employees at university food courts.
Managing performance better: advent of a new appraisal system at Infosys Limited
Authors: Shrivastava Shweta , Rajesh Anupama 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the importance and impact of performance appraisals on morale and productivity of employees while describing one of the most popular tools for appraisals, the bell curve. It draws attention to how owing to the various flaws of the bell curve system, few organizations, such as Infosys, are now adopting alternative systems of appraisals.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper describes various advantages and disadvantages of the bell curve in detail. It also describes iCount, an appraisal system based on open ranking that has been adopted by Infosys, and discusses the expected advantages and disadvantages of the new system vis-à-vis the bell curve.

Findings
Organizations are now questioning the effectiveness of the bell curve, as a performance management tool, in light of its drawbacks. Infosys Limited has, therefore, moved to an alternative system named iCount, which is expected to be more effective and to enhance the morale of its employees.

Originality/value
This paper scrutinizes the bell curve approach to performance appraisals, its premise, distinct advantages, and adverse impact on employees, that have led Infosys Limited to move on to a feedback-based system.
Apprehending mindsets in employee development
Authors: Lyons Paul R. , Bandura Randall P. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide pragmatic guidance to HR practitioners and managers in the understanding and use of the psychological concept of mindset. This paper expresses a description of what mindset is and how it normally functions, as well as information about how mindset behavior is found in employee behavior on a day-to-day basis. Finally, examples are provided which show ways that managers and HR practitioners may use mindset information in coaching and mentoring employees to improve functioning and performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Academic research is reviewed. A brief summary of the relevant literature provides support for the descriptions, manifestation, and examples of mindset behavior.

Findings
Available academic research can provide useful information for practicing HR professionals and managers in encouraging and motivating employees toward enhanced performance.

Originality/value
Practical information is derived from academic research to equip managers and HR practitioners with helpful tools which can be used in real situations involving supervision of employees.
Entrepreneuring gender diversity in entrepreneurship through critical theory and reflexivity
Authors: Wheadon Mandy , Duval-Couetil Nathalie 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of conflicts between the innovation ideologies fundamental to entrepreneurial theory and the exclusivity embedded in the discipline’s research and discursive practices.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws upon entrepreneurship and critical theory literature to deconstruct some embedded assumptions inhibiting the participation of women as entrepreneurs.

Findings
The underrepresentation of female and minority entrepreneurs has been examined most often by researchers from the perspective of trying to discover and overcome barriers to participation, rather than seeking to understand why and how these barriers are created and sustained. The paper identifies processes contributing to the construction of obstacles inhibiting inclusivity and proposes that conscientious implementation of practices such as critical reflexivity can limit their reproduction.

Research limitations/implications
By situating critical theory and reflexivity as key practices for cultivating diversity and innovation in entrepreneurship, this paper offers a useful basis for expanding subsequent research and pedagogical practices representative of a wider variety of populations and activities.

Practical implications
Entrepreneurship is key to job creation and economic growth. Rigid conceptualizations of entrepreneurship and unexamined biases of scholars and educators limit the accessibility of research and constrain students’ entrepreneurial intentions and behaviors.

Originality/value
The paper fills a gap in the literature by exploring disciplinary practices that cultivate and sustain gender exclusivity. It provides a structured approach to understanding discrepancies between the innovation entrepreneurship idealizes and the practices that confine participation to specific populations and economic practices.
Gender, leadership and venture capital: measuring women’s leadership in VC firm portfolios
Authors: Aidis Ruta , Schillo R. Sandra 
Published: May 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a new index summarizing women’s leadership in entrepreneurial ventures (WLEV) in the context of venture capital (VC) firm portfolios. Gender representation among VC portfolio firms is a concern for academics, and increasingly for practitioners aiming to reap the benefits of gender diversity.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on the institutional theory and gender role congruity theory, the authors present dimensions of women’s involvement in leadership roles in VC-funded companies. As previous research has not provided standard definitions, the authors clarify the relevant dimensions. In addition, the authors present an empirical analysis of 153 VC fund portfolios and demonstrate women’s involvement across the three key dimensions forming the WLEV Index: involvement in leadership, management and founding of portfolio companies.

Findings
The authors present a summary of WLEV index aligned with previous research. The index has suitable characteristics for future research and introduces a first comparison with existing statistics. The authors’ findings show relatively low scores of women’s leadership in the VC portfolio companies investigated, especially as compared to average USA companies.

Originality/value
This paper introduces standardized definitions for women’s leadership in terms of: women-led, women-founded and women-managed. This paper also introduces a methodology and constructs an index to uniformly compare VC firm portfolio companies according to all three dimensions of women’s leadership. These contributions can be expected to form the basis of future research on gender representation in VC portfolio companies.
S.62 LPA 1925: restating the case for reform
Authors: Poulsom Michael W. 
Published: May 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore how S.62 LPA 1925 and its equivalent provisions in other jurisdictions have been interpreted as having the capacity to create new easements. It is intended to identify that the theoretical justification for this interpretation can be viewed as flawed, and that its practical implications are unsatisfactory. It intends to restate the need for reform and to challenge arguments that this interpretation is correct and justified.Design/methodology/approachThis paper examines and analyses the origins of the principle that S.62 LPA 1925 can create new legal rights, consider similar provisions from other jurisdictions, examine recent attempts to justify the creative effect of the section and offer observations on proposals for reform.FindingsIt is found that the ability of S.62 LPA 1925 to create legal easements from precarious rights has been replicated in many jurisdictions, has been widely criticised as both incorrect in principle and problematic in practice and has been the subject of well-reasoned and workable proposals for reform for more than 40 years.Originality/valueFrom both theoretical and property practitioner perspectives, this paper highlights the lack of justification for the principle that S.62 LPA can create easements from precarious rights, challenges the arguments for retaining the principle and offers practical proposals drawn from several jurisdictions as to how the section and its equivalent provisions abroad could be reformed.