bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A knowledge lens for innovation: Seeing the ambiguity, conversations and barriers in social systems
Authors: Freeburg Darin 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis poster introduces the knowledge lens, a way of seeing more clearly the opportunities for knowledge creation within social systems. It includes three groupings and six elements. The groupings bring into focus the complexity of organizational life, the power of conversation in knowledge creation and barriers to the integration of information and the application of knowledge. The poster outlines the foci of the knowledge lens, along with several new insights gained by viewing social systems through this lens. It suggests that information professionals are best equipped to use the lens, articulating a new place for information professionals within organizations and other social systems.
“Not what I thought!” information seeking behaviors of international students during the application for graduate study in the USA
Authors: Huang Li‐Min , Bilal Dania 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA recent study revealed that international students' reading comprehension scores on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) equates to 12th‐grade reading comprehension level (Taylor, ). In evaluating the admission materials at selected flagship universities in the United States, Taylor (2017) found that the reading comprehension level ranges from 15th‐grade to 19th‐grade level. The readability of these materials can be challenging to international graduate students. Though a large body of literature exists about international graduate students in the United States, scant work has explored international doctoral students' information seeking behaviors and experiences while applying for doctoral study. We report the results of a study that explored the behaviors and experiences of 14 international doctoral students studying at a flagship university in the United States. Using in‐depth interviews, we found that the students used two types of resources, experiential (EXR) and authorized (AUR), and began looking for information by exploring the former. We identified three common themes of their information seeking behaviors and problems they experienced in using official websites. The findings have implications for improving the design of websites to support international students' information seeking and needs.
Explicating the trends of information literacy studies in the higher education context: A pilot study
Authors: Kim Sung Un , Lee Yong Gu 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aims to explicate the trends of information literacy studies in the higher education context. As a pilot study of a larger study, 1,711 articles published from January 1988 to May 2017 were selected and analyzed in terms of publication year, themes, published journals and authorship. Analysis of publications by year demonstrates four distinct periods of information literacy research with different publication patterns: development period (1988–2001), 1st proliferation period (2002–2008), maintenance (or stand‐still) period (2009–2012) and 2nd proliferation period (2013–2017). Results on themes, published journals and authorship of the sample articles show not only the general patterns but also their possible association with the four periods of information literacy research. This study contributes to providing a holistic picture of information literacy research particularly in higher education.
Mobile device use to access information on well‐being
Authors: Kumah Cynthia , Beheshti Jamshid , Bartlett Joan C. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe focus of this study is to identify and describe the use of mobile devices for supporting and maintaining well‐being among millennials. Data collection involved semi‐structured interviews of 18 undergraduate students (aged 18–24). They primarily defined their personal well‐being in terms of physical health, mental health and spirituality. They used their mobile devices extensively in support of well‐being, including searching for information (both text and multi‐media), establishing and maintaining social connections, tracking routines (e.g., nutrition, sleep) and setting and pursuing fitness goals. Our initial findings demonstrate how mobile devices are used in support of an everyday life task such as maintaining personal well‐being.
Unintended and shadow practices of decision support system dashboards in higher education institutions
Authors: McCoy Chase , Rosenbaum Howard 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTDecision support system data dashboards (DSS‐DD) are starting to be developed for higher education decision‐making. However, there is little research concerning their impact and use. To understand the decision‐making practices of DSS‐DD users, this poster presents preliminary findings of a study of these systems in a large U.S. Midwestern higher education institution. We draw on the socio‐technical interaction network analytic strategy and sociomateriality to examine expected and actual user decision‐making practices when using these dashboards. We find that while there are expected practices, users engage in unintended and shadow socio‐technical decision‐making practices.
Integrating user feedback with open data quality models
Authors: Weber Nicholas , Yan An 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTUser feedback is critical to improving the quality of open data. However, most open data publishers gather only anecdotal evidence about user experiences. This unstructured and informal commentary is, consequently, difficult to translate into actionable steps towards improving data quality. Drawing on user comments collected from Data.Gov ‐ an open data portal providing access to thousands of datasets published by city, state, and federal government agencies in the USA – we inductively develop a classification of reported data quality issues. This poster presents preliminary findings from applying this coding scheme to all issues that users filed on Data.gov in 2015 and 2016. We suggest that our classification scheme can help open data publishers collect structured, actionable information to improve data quality.
Quality assurance and evaluation of change for patent metadata
Authors: Zavalina Oksana L. , Phillips Mark , Tarver Hannah 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe quality of metadata greatly impacts access to information resources, affecting both precision and recall of the search results. Metadata quality assurance is especially important for unique materials that are not widely available outside of the specialized digital repositories that provide access to them. One example of such unique and valuable materials is digitized historical patents. This paper describes a case study of the metadata management for a digital collection of U.S. patents issued in the 19th‐early 20th centuries, discusses the results of the evaluation of metadata change intended to support the metadata quality assurance for this collection and presents plans for further research. We expect the study to make a contribution to understanding of metadata management and metadata quality assurance and the role of metadata change in these processes.
Who bridged the “Valley of Death” between basic research and clinical research? In the case of immune‐checkpoints CTLA‐4 and PD‐1 based on inter‐citation network
Authors: Zhou Qiuju , Meng Guilin , Ding Ying 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTWe explored who wrote the milestone articles in the innovation processes of immune‐checkpoints CTLA‐4 and PD‐1. In order to map the processes, a literature inter‐citation network analysis was made through HistCite and Pajek. We found knowledge flow through citations between topics (clusters), transverse knowledge diffusion between topics at the same basic research level and knowledge translation from basic research to clinical research. Betweenness Centrality showed a good performance in selecting key nodes of knowledge flow.
Systematic investigation of sex disparity in multidisciplinary institutions – a case study of U.S. iSchools
Authors: Zuo Zhiya , Zhao Kang 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this poster, we present a systematic investigation of sex disparity in 27 information schools located in the United States. Combining hand‐curated complete faculty data and automatically collected publication profiles, we portrait the landscape of sex disparity in three dimensions: (i) rank; (ii) educational backgrounds; (iii) research topics. We found that 63% of the tenured faculty members are male, although there is slightly more female (54%) among junior faculty. Across nine disciplinary categories of PhD programs, male was primarily trained in computing, while female was more evenly distributed across computing, information and library sciences. Further, male and female have significant differences in research topics extracted from their publication profiles. It is, however, worth noting that distribution of research topics becomes more homogeneous among junior faculty members. Overall, all the evidence implies a significant sex disparity in information schools and calls for immediate attention on related policies for mitigation.
Visual‐inertial curve simultaneous localization and mapping: Creating a sparse structured world without feature points
Authors: Meier Kevin , Chung Soon‐Jo , Hutchinson Seth 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) algorithm that uses Bézier curves as static landmark primitives rather than feature points. Our approach allows us to estimate the full six degrees of freedom pose of a robot while providing a structured map that can be used to assist a robot in motion planning and control. We demonstrate how to reconstruct the three‐dimensional (3D) location of curve landmarks from a stereo pair and how to compare the 3D shape of curve landmarks between chronologically sequential stereo frames to solve the data association problem. We also present a method to combine curve landmarks for mapping purposes, resulting in a map with a continuous set of curves that contain fewer landmark states than conventional point‐based SLAM algorithms. We demonstrate our algorithm's effectiveness with numerous experiments, including comparisons to existing state‐of‐the‐art SLAM algorithms.
The Causes, Effects, and Disease Burden Attributable to Water Quality and Sanitation Conditions in the Kassena Nankana Municipality, Ghana
Authors: Issahaku A. , Ampadu B. , Braimah M. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe goal of this study was to assess water‐ and sanitation‐related diseases in the Kassena Nankana municipality using surveys and laboratory analyses. A total of 152 heads of households were contacted for both quantitative and qualitative research analysis. The study showed that the causes of water and sanitation diseases in the municipality were open defecation, 78 (51%); indiscriminate solid waste disposal, 31 (20%); closeness of households to refuse dumps (within 50 meters [m]), 89 (59%), and lack of access to pipe‐borne water, 93 (61%). Further analysis of water samples from pipes, boreholes, and wells revealed that out of the 20 samples, 15 (75%) tested positive for both total and fecal coliforms with values between1 and 6 colony‐forming units (CFU) per 100 milliliter (mL) sample. There is also increasing evidence that malaria contributes the greatest disease burden in the municipality, being responsible for around 23.1% of all disability adjusted life years (DALYs) between 2009 and 2013. Diarrhea and typhoid have the second and third highest disease burden rates and were responsible for approximately 19.5% and 1.2% of all DALYs between 2009 and 2013, respectively. A major recommendation of this study is that education on good sanitation be intensified, as 75 (49%) of the respondents did not attend child care programs where education on how to maintain good sanitation is given.
The environmental life cycle assessment of agricultural sector in Thailand: EIO‐LCA approach
Authors: Mangmeechai Aweewan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAgriculture is one of the major sectors in Thailand, with more than half of the population employed in agriculture‐related occupations. This study evaluated energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the Thai agricultural sector by applying the economic input–output life cycle assessment (EIO‐LCA) approach. The model evaluates the entire agricultural sector supply chain. Based on one million Thai baht (approximately $27,800 U.S. dollars) final demand of the rice paddy sector, the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the electricity sector are responsible for 27% (1,246 kilograms [kg] CO2) of the total CO2 emissions, whereas the emissions from paddy activities associated with the fertilizers and pesticides sector account for 16% (760 kg CO2) and 11% (513 kg CO2), respectively. The top three largest GHG emissions from the total agricultural sector supply chain are associated with the oil palm, the coffee and tea, and the fruit sectors. The government should promote and encourage sustainable agriculture by reducing the use of fertilizers and pesticides and by utilizing energy‐saving technologies.
The changing water cycle: the need for an integrated assessment of the resilience to changes in water supply in High‐Mountain Asia
Authors: Quincey Duncan , Klaar Megan , Haines Daniel , Lovett Jon , Pariyar Bishnu , Gurung Gehendra , Brown Lee , Watson Cameron , England Matthew , Evans Barbara 
Published: October 2017

Water sourced from Asian mountains is vital to the survival of an estimated 1.4 billion people, but current and anticipated changes in snow, ice cover, and precipitation patterns may threaten these supplies and, in turn, the food security of tens of millions of people. Despite the severity of this developing environmental hazard, the relative importance of each component of the water cycle still needs more detailed study so that those communities who will experience the greatest extremes in supply can be identified. Specifically, data showing how the contribution of meltwater varies with increasing distance downstream are lacking for many mountain catchments, although the use of stable isotope tracers provides some hope in this regard. Imprinted on regional‐scale hydroclimatological controls of water availability are local‐scale cultural beliefs and practices that have evolved over centuries, which determine who is able to access water supplies, for how long, and for what purpose. Building the resilience of human populations and the environment to future changes in water supply therefore depends on effective interdisciplinary team working to develop an understanding of the complex interactions between physical, socioeconomic, cultural, and historical factors, and that can only be properly realized if local communities are considered as an integral part of the research team. Developing simple and practical methods for water management, storage, and societal adaptation that are appropriate to the socioeconomic and political conditions of mountain‐dwelling communities will only be sustainable if they are built on this integrated knowledge base. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1258. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1258This article is categorized under:

Engineering Water > Planning Water
Human Water > Water Governance
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
“The Longest Way Round Is The Shortest Way Home”: An Overhaul of Surgical Ward Rounds
Authors: Shetty Kunal , Poo Stephanie Xiu Wern , Sriskandarajah Kumuthan , Sideris Michail , Malietzis George , Darzi Ara , Athanasiou Thanos 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundWard rounds, a keystone of hospital surgical practice, have recently been under the spotlight. Poor‐quality ward rounds can lead to a greater number of adverse events, thereby cascading to an increased financial strain on our already burdened healthcare systems. Faced with mounting pressures from both outside and inside health organizations, concerted efforts are required to restore it back into prominence where it can no longer take a backseat to the other duties of a surgeon.MethodsThe nucleus of this narrative review is derived from an extensive literature search on surgical ward rounds.ResultsIn this review, we focus on the need for reforms, current characteristics of surgical ward rounds, obstacles encountered by competing interests and proposed solutions in delivery of effective ward rounds that can meet with newly laid guidelines.ConclusionWard rounds should be standardized and prioritized to improve patient care.
Discontinuous financing based on market values and the value of tax shields
Authors: Arnold Sven , Lahmann Alexander , Schwetzler Bernhard 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe tax shield as present value of debt-related tax savings plays an important role in firm valuation. Driving the risk of future debt levels, the firm’s strategy to adjust the absolute debt level to future changes of the firm value, labeled as (re-) financing policy, affects the value of tax shields. Standard discounted cash flow (DCF) models offer two simplified (re-) financing policies originally introduced by Modigliani and Miller (MM) as well as Miles and Ezzell (ME). In this paper, we introduce a discontinuous financing policy that refers to the refinancing intervals, i.e., the maturity structure of the firm’s debt. By deriving APV valuation and beta unlevering equations that allow for this discontinuous financing policy, we show the MM and ME policies to be special cases of the proposed extension. While we document the effect of discontinuous refinancing to be economically significant when leverage is high and refinancing periods are extremely long, our results suggest that for low-levered firms with short refinancing periods, the traditional continuous refinancing-based models (like the Miles/Ezzell model) produce relatively robust value estimates. Combining capital structure and maturity structure choices, our model extends the set of feasible financing policies in DCF valuation models.
A comprehensive analysis of the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II in a sample of outpatients with adjustment disorder and depressive episode
Authors: McElroy E. , Casey P. , Adamson G. , Filippopoulos P. , Shevlin M. 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesDespite being commonly used in research and clinical practice, the evidence regarding the factor structure of the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) remains equivocal and this has implications on how the scale scores should be aggregated. Researchers continue to debate whether the BDI-II is best viewed as a unidimensional scale, or whether specific subscales have utility. The present study sought to test a comprehensive range of competing factor analytic models of the BDI-II, including traditional non-hierarchical multidimensional models and confirmatory bifactor models.MethodParticipants (n=370) were clinical outpatients diagnosed with either depressive episode or adjustment disorder. Confirmatory factor analysis and confirmatory bifactor modelling were used to test 15 competing models. The unidimensionality of the best fitting model was assessed using three strength indices (explained common variance, percentage of uncontaminated correlations and ω hierarchical).ResultsOverall, bifactor solutions provided superior fit than both unidimensional and non-hierarchical multidimensional models. The best fitting model consisted of a general depression factor and three specific factors: cognitive, somatic and affective. High factor loadings and strength indices for the general depression factor supported the view that the BDI-II measures a single latent construct.ConclusionsThe BDI-II should primarily be viewed as a unidimensional scale, and should be scored as such. Although it is not recommended that scores on individual subscales are used in isolation, they may prove useful in clinical assessment and/or treatment planning if used in conjunction with total scores.
Retrospective, epidemiological cluster analysis of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) epidemic using open source data
Authors: DARLING N. D. , POSS D. E. , SCHOELEN M. P. , METCALF-KELLY M. , HILL S. E. , HARRIS S. 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYThe Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is caused by a novel coronavirus discovered in 2012. Since then, 1806 cases, including 564 deaths, have been reported by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and affected countries as of 1 June 2016. Previous literature attributed increases in MERS-CoV transmission to camel breeding season as camels are likely the reservoir for the virus. However, this literature review and subsequent analysis indicate a lack of seasonality. A retrospective, epidemiological cluster analysis was conducted to investigate increases in MERS-CoV transmission and reports of household and nosocomial clusters. Cases were verified and associations between cases were substantiated through an extensive literature review and the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch's Tiered Source Classification System. A total of 51 clusters were identified, primarily nosocomial (80·4%) and most occurred in KSA (45·1%). Clusters corresponded temporally with the majority of periods of greatest incidence, suggesting a strong correlation between nosocomial transmission and notable increases in cases.
Sales of healthy snacks and beverages following the implementation of healthy vending standards in City of Philadelphia vending machines
Authors: Pharis Meagan L , Colby Lisa , Wagner Amanda , Mallya Giridhar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe examined outcomes following the implementation of employer-wide vending standards, designed to increase healthy snack and beverage options, on the proportion of healthy v. less healthy sales, sales volume and revenue for snack and beverage vending machines.DesignA single-arm evaluation of a policy utilizing monthly sales volume and revenue data provided by the contracted vendor during baseline, machine conversion and post-conversion time periods. Study time periods are full calendar years unless otherwise noted.SettingProperty owned or leased by the City of Philadelphia, USA.SubjectsApproximately 250 vending machines over a 4-year period (2010–2013).ResultsAt post-conversion, the proportion of sales attributable to healthy items was 40 % for snacks and 46 % for beverages. Healthy snack sales were 323 % higher (38·4 to 162·5 items sold per machine per month) and total snack sales were 17 % lower (486·8 to 402·1 items sold per machine per month). Healthy beverage sales were 33 % higher (68·2 to 90·6 items sold per machine per month) and there was no significant change in total beverage sales (213·2 to 209·6 items sold per machine per month). Revenue was 11 % lower for snacks ($US 468·30 to $US 415·70 per machine per month) and 21 % lower for beverages ($US 344·00 to $US 270·70 per machine per month).ConclusionsSales of healthy vending items were significantly higher following the implementation of employer-wide vending standards for snack and beverage vending machines. Entities receiving revenue-based commission payments from vending machines should employ strategies to minimize potential revenue losses.
Externally controlled high degree of spin polarization and spin inversion in a conducting junction: Two new approaches
Authors: Patra Moumita , Maiti Santanu K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe propose two new approaches for regulating spin polarization and spin inversion in a conducting junction within a tight-binding framework based on wave-guide theory. The system comprises a magnetic quantum ring with finite modulation in site potential is coupled to two non-magnetic electrodes. Due to close proximity an additional tunneling is established between the electrodes which regulates electronic transmission significantly. At the same time the phase associated with site potential, which can be tuned externally yields controlled transmission probabilities. Our results are valid for a wide range of parameter values which demonstrates the robustness of our proposition. We strongly believe that the proposed model can be realized in the laboratory.