bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A feasibility study for 3 strategies promoting HIV testing in primary health care in Madrid, Spain (ESTVIH project)
Authors: Domínguez‐Berjón M. Felicitas , Pichiule‐Castañeda Myrian , García‐Riolobos M. Carmen , Esteban‐Vasallo María D. , Arenas‐González Sonia M. , Morán‐Arribas Mónica , Verdejo‐Ortés José , Zoni Ana Clara , Álvarez‐Castillo M. Carmen , Astray Jenaro ,   others members of the ESTVIH group
Published: October 2017

AbstractRationale and objectivesLate diagnosis of HIV infection is a public health problem. Framed by the international guidelines for improving HIV testing, in 2014, the Spanish Ministry of Health published a guide of recommendations to promote early diagnosis of HIV in health care settings. In the Community of Madrid, in order to implement these recommendations, we defined 3 new HIV testing strategies in primary health care. The objectives of this study were to know the interest of professionals and the acceptability for patients towards these strategies.MethodsWe performed a quasi‐experimental study to assess the feasibility of the implementation of new strategies (indicator condition, risk based, and universal offer) to promote early detection of HIV infection in the framework of the ESTVIH project. The centres participating in this project were randomly chosen among centres located in the health areas with the highest incidence of HIV infection. The feasibility was assessed in 6 centres. We considered outcomes by strategy in relation to the participation of professionals (family physician and nursing) and patients.ResultsOverall, 56.9% of eligible professionals agreed to take part in the study; however, the percentage of professionals who recruited patients was 25.9%. This percentage was higher in the indicator condition strategy (47.2%, versus 18.5% in the universal offer and 14.3% in the risk‐based strategy, P‐value < 0.05). The test uptake percentage was greater than 80%, and there were no statistically significant differences between strategies.ConclusionDifferent strategies promoting HIV testing in primary care had different acceptability among professionals and similar among patients. At the end of the ESTVIH project, these results will be complemented with others related to the contribution of each strategy to improving the early diagnosis of HIV infection.
Effect of Preoperative Geriatric Evaluation on Outcomes After Elective Surgery: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: McIsaac Daniel I. , Huang Allen , Wong Coralie A. , Wijeysundera Duminda N. , Bryson Gregory L. , van Walraven Carl 
Published: October 2017

Background/ObjectivesRandomized and nonrandomized single‐center studies suggest that preoperative geriatric evaluation improves postoperative outcomes in older adults. The generalizability and population‐level effect of preoperative geriatric evaluation has not been determined. Our objective was to measure the adjusted association between preoperative geriatric evaluation and postoperative outcomes.DesignMultilevel multivariable regression model analysis of a population‐based historical cohort.SettingPublicly funded universal healthcare system in Ontario, Canada.ParticipantsAll adults aged 65 and older having major, elective, noncardiac surgery from 2002 to 2014 (N = 266,499).InterventionWe studied geriatric consultations and comprehensive assessments performed in the 4 months prior to surgery. These were identified using validated methods.MeasurementsNinety‐day survival (primary outcome), in‐hospital complications, length of stay, 30‐day readmissions, need for supported discharge, and 90‐day costs of care.ResultsThe 7,352 participants (2.8%) who had a preoperative geriatric evaluation had longer 90‐day survival than those who who did not (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.81, 95% confidence interval = 0.68–0.95). Length of stay and complication rates did not differ between groups, but participants evaluated by a geriatrician preoperatively had higher rates of supported discharge, readmission rates, and costs of care. Sensitivity analyses supported the association between preoperative geriatric assessment and 90‐day survival.ConclusionIn individuals aged 65 and older undergoing major, elective, noncardiac surgery, preoperative geriatric evaluation was associated with longer 90‐day survival, but it is used infrequently. Given these results, and those of previous small studies, the influence of a geriatric evaluation on postoperative outcomes should be determined in a multicenter randomized trial.
FIB‐fabricated complex‐shaped 3D chiral photonic silicon nanostructures
Authors: ROGOV O.Y. , ARTEMOV V.V. , GORKUNOV M.V , EZHOV A.A. , KHMELENIN D.N. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryTechnologies capable of fabricating complex shaped silicon metasurfaces attract increasing attention. The focused ion beam fabrication technique is considered traditionally as causing thick damaged layers in silicon resulting in a significant rise of the optical absorption loss. We examine the structure of the FIB‐fabricated nanostructures on the silicon‐on‐sapphire (SOS) platform and its optical characteristics before and after thermal oxidation. We show that being thermally oxidised the FIB‐patterned silicon subwavelength nanostructure tends to regain its chiral optical features. The impact of the oxidation process on the silicon nanostructure optical behaviour is discussed.
Detection of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in captive non‐human primates in the Amazon region, Brazil
Authors: Minervino Antonio Humberto Hamad , Cassinelli Ana Beatriz Melles , de Souza Alex Junior Souza , Alves Max Moreira , Soares Manoel do Carmo Pereira , Ferreira Dayana Alersa Conceição , Pereira Washington Luiz Assunção , Gennari Solange Maria 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundToxoplasma gondii infections in captive non‐human primates are of interest because often they die due to severe toxoplasmosis. Thus, we aimed to evaluate samples from a serum bank to T. gondii antibodies.MethodsSerum samples of 179 monkeys from the National Center of Primates, Brazil, were retrospective analyzed for T. gondii IgG antibodies by modified agglutination test using formalin‐fixed whole parasites as antigen (cutoff 1:25).ResultsAmong the 179 samples tested, 88 (49.2%) were positive. Twelve of the 18 evaluated species presented at least one positive animal. A higher occurrence of positive animals was found in New World (52.2%) than Old World (22.2%) monkeys (P = .023) and in the animals from domestic donation origin, which had lived in human homes as pets (P = .004).ConclusionsWe confirm the widespread presence of T. gondii in captive monkeys and contribute to the range of species that can be infected by this parasite.
Evaluation of fibroblast growth factor activity exerted by placental extract used as a cosmetic ingredient
Authors: Ito Kouhei , Yamada Ryuji , Matsumoto Nobuki , Imamura Toru 
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackgroundThe biological activities claimed for placental extract (PE) in its medical and cosmetic applications are largely assumed to be the combined effects of its various signaling molecules and nutritional constituents. But there are considerable uncertainties about this assumption.AimsTo determine the specific biological activity of PE at a molecular level.MethodsFibroblast growth factor (FGF) activity was assessed based on the ability to induce proliferation of FGF receptor (FGFR)‐overexpressing BaF3 cells.ResultsPorcine PE (PPE), an ingredient in numerous cosmetics, activated proliferation of BaF3 cells overexpressing FGFR subtypes 1c, 2c, 2b, 3c, or 4, that is, all the major FGFR subtypes. The effect was suppressed largely or partially when the cells were treated with a FGFR inhibitor PD173074, and the FGFR‐negative BaF3 parent cells exhibited minimal growth promotion as compared to the FGFR‐expressing BaF3 cells. The high (>10 kDa) and low (<3 kDa) molecular weight fractions of PPE were effective activators of FGFR signaling. PPE was found to contain sulfated glycosaminoglycans, including heparin/heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate, which serve as both structural stabilizers of FGFs and indispensable cofactors for FGF‐FGFR signaling.ConclusionsThese results indicate that PPE is capable of evoking FGF signaling in cells via FGFRs. Given that recombinant FGFs have proven useful for medical/cosmetic purposes, our results suggest that the medical/cosmetic utility of PPE is provided at least partly through the activation of FGF signaling in epidermal, dermal, and subdermal tissues.
A 5‐year longitudinal study of association of maximum bite force with development of frailty in community‐dwelling older adults
Authors: Iwasaki M. , Yoshihara A. , Sato N. , Sato M. , Minagawa K. , Shimada M. , Nishimuta M. , Ansai T. , Yoshitake Y. , Ono T. , Miyazaki H. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryTo determine whether maximum bite force (MBF), an objective measure of oral function, is associated with development of frailty in community‐dwelling older adults. This prospective cohort study included community‐dwelling Japanese adults aged 75 years at baseline (n = 322). Baseline MBF was measured using an electronic recording device (Occlusal Force‐Meter GM10). Follow‐up examinations, including physical fitness and anthropometric evaluation and structured questionnaires, were administered annually over a 5‐year period to determine the incidence of frailty, which was defined by the presence of 3 or more of the following 5 components derived from the Cardiovascular Health Study: low level of mobility, low physical activity level, weakness, shrinking and poor endurance and energy. Adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of incidence of frailty according to sex‐stratified tertiles of baseline MBF were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models. During the follow‐up, 49 participants (15.2%) developed frailty. Participants in the lower tertile of MBF exhibited a significantly greater risk of frailty than those in the upper tertile. After adjustment for sex, depression, diabetes and Eichner index, the adjusted HRs for frailty in the upper through lower tertiles of MBF were 1.00 (reference), 1.27 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50‐3.20) and 2.78 (95% CI: 1.15‐6.72), respectively (P for trend = .01). Poor oral function, as indicated by low MBF, increases the risk of development of frailty among elderly men and women.
TMJ online: Investigating temporomandibular disorders as “TMJ” on YouTube
Authors: Basch C. H. , Yin J. , Walker N. D. , de Leon A. J. , Fung I. C.‐H. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAs the understanding of temporomandibular disorders’ (TMDs) aetiologies and treatments develops from non‐evidence‐based to evidence‐based approaches, the availability of sound information will likewise grow and need to be disseminated. The purpose of this study is to describe the content most commonly viewed in YouTube videos related to TMDs or “TMJ” and see whether videos from different sources have different content. Video information was gathered by searching YouTube for the term “TMJ,” and data were recorded related to descriptive information as well as content. Statistical analyses included Kruskal‐Wallis H Test, Spearman's Rho and univariate logistic regression. The sources of upload were Consumer (n = 62), Professional (n = 29) and News (n = 9). There were almost no statistically significant differences in content distribution among video sources. Videos garnered a total of 4 749 360 views, with an overall median of 7014.5 views. About two‐thirds of the videos (68/100) explained what “TMJ” is, with a surprising third of Professional videos (9/29) not covering the subject. Roughly half of the videos mentioned at least one reason “TMJ” occurs (55/100), and seven in ten mentioned some kind of treatment (70/100). Video names mentioned a cure or treatment in 64 cases, while the other 36 referred to TMJ anatomy or “TMJ” aetiology. Future research should focus on ways to popularise professional videos with reliable information for those who are searching on YouTube for advice related to “TMJ.”
Victimization, Aggression, and Other Problem Behaviors: Trajectories of Change Within and Across Middle School Grades
Authors: Farrell Albert D. , Goncy Elizabeth A. , Sullivan Terri N. , Thompson Erin L. 
Published: October 2017

This study examined trajectories of victimization and problem behaviors within and across three grades of middle school. Participants were 2,166 adolescents from three urban middle schools in the United States who completed measures of victimization, physical and relational aggression, substance use, and delinquent behavior. Latent curve analyses modeled changes in each construct across 12 waves collected every 3 months. In each case, the best‐fitting model required separate linear slopes to represent changes within each grade and a factor representing decreases in the summers. Positive cross‐construct correlations were found for intercepts, linear slopes, and measures within waves. The findings suggest strong associations among victimization and problem behaviors, and individual differences in their patterns of change both within and across grades.
Craniofacial anomalies and mothers’ psychological functioning: The mediating role of social support
Authors: Case Rosalind JL , Anderson Alastair , Walsh Rodney 
Published: October 2017

AimTo examine the psychological and psychosocial service needs of mothers of children with craniofacial anomalies (CFAs).MethodsMothers (n = 55) of children from newborn to 6 years with CFA completed self‐report measures of psychological distress, quality of life and perceived social support.ResultsMothers’ psychological distress levels were significantly higher than those in a normative population. Mothers reported lower quality of life than the normative sample. Social support mediated the relationship between quality of life and psychological distress. While most mothers reported a willingness to receive formal psychological support for issues relating to their child's CFA, few had been offered such services.ConclusionsMothers of children with CFAs may experience increased psychological distress in comparison with the general population. Increased social support may reduce the risk of psychological distress, thus enhancing quality of life among such mothers. The majority of mothers of children with CFAs in Australia may not be routinely offered psychological support services in spite of their elevated psychological risk.
Paleogene fossil fruits of Stephania (Menispermaceae) from North America and East Asia
Authors: Han Meng , Manchester Steven R. , Fu Qiong‐Yao , Jin Jian‐Hua , Quan Cheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractStephania Loureiro is a large genus within Menispermaceae, with approximately 60 extant species naturally distributed in tropical to subtropical areas in Asia and Africa, and a few in Oceania. This genus possesses highly characteristic endocarps that facilitate identification of extant and fossil specimens. Here, we report some well‐preserved fossil fruits of Stephania from North America and East Asia. The specimens indicate the endocarps were bony or woody with an obovate to obovate‐rotund outline and a horseshoe‐shaped locule. The endocarp length varies from 4.7 to 8.3 mm, and width from 3.7 to 7.0 mm. The endocarp has a clear foramen in the central area and is surrounded by a keel with ribs running along the dorsal surface. Only one lateral crest develops on each side of the endocarp. Two new species are recognized: Stephania wilfii Han & Manchester sp. nov. from the Paleocene to Eocene of Wyoming (USA), and Stephania jacquesii Han & Manchester sp. nov. disjunct between the late Eocene of Oregon (USA) and the late Oligocene of Guangxi Province (China). In addition, on the basis of more detailed morphological comparative analyses, we transfer the fossils formerly treated as Diploclisia auriformis (Hollick) Manchester from the early Eocene of London Clay, and the middle Eocene of Alaska and Oregon to Stephania auriformis (Hollick) Han & Manchester comb. nov. These fossil materials indicate a broader biogeographic distribution for the ancestors of extant Stephania lineages. This finding enhances our knowledge of the taxonomic and morphological diversity of Stephania and provides new evidence concerning its phytogeographic history.
Is the Biblical Land Promise Irrevocable?: Post‐Nostra Aetate Catholic Theologies of the Jewish Covenant and the Land of Israel
Authors: Gregerman Adam 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article studies the various ways that Catholics have interpreted the biblical promise of the land of Israel to Abraham and his descendants after Nostra Aetate, which affirmed the continuing legitimacy of the Jewish covenant containing this promise. Specifically, it analyzes the range of views regarding the religious significance of the land promise in Catholic statements on Jews and Judaism. These official Vatican statements affirm the covenant in general but decline to offer any theological legitimacy to this particular aspect of it. I argue that their perspective on the covenant is circumscribed and self‐referential. By contrast, other statements, despite beginning with nearly identical texts (both biblical and Catholic) and theological assumptions, not only affirm the covenant generically but insist that the land promise is itself an integral and legitimate part of the covenant.
Evaluating Burning Mouth Syndrome as a Comorbidity of Atypical Odontalgia: The Impact on Pain Experiences
Authors: Tu Trang T. H. , Miura Anna , Shinohara Yukiko , Mikuzuki Lou , Kawasaki Kaoru , Sugawara Shiori , Suga Takayuki , Watanabe Takeshi , Watanabe Motoko , Umezaki Yojiro , Yoshikawa Tatsuya , Motomura Haruhiko , Takenoshita Miho , Toyofuku Akira 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed (1) to investigate the differences in clinical characteristics of patients between 2 groups, those who have atypical odontalgia (AO) only and those who have AO with burning mouth syndrome (BMS), and (2) to assess the influence of psychiatric comorbidity factors on patients' experiences.MethodMedical records and psychiatric referral forms of patients visiting the Psychosomatic Dentistry Clinic of Tokyo Medical and Dental University between 2013 and 2016 were reviewed. The final sample included 2 groups of 355 patients: those who have AO only (n = 272) and those who have AO with BMS (AO‐BMS; n = 83). Clinicodemographic variables (gender, age, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and history of headache or sleep disturbances) and pain variables (duration of illness, pain intensity, and severity of accompanying depression) were collected. Initial pain assessment was done using the Short‐Form McGill Pain Questionnaire, and depressive state was determined using the Zung Self‐Rating Depression Scale.ResultsThe average age, female ratio, and sleep disturbance prevalence in the AO‐only group were significantly lower than those in AO‐BMS group. AO‐BMS patients rated overall pain score and present pain intensity significantly higher than did the AO‐only patients (P = 0.033 and P = 0.034, respectively), emphasizing sharp (P = 0.049), hot‐burning (P = 0.000), and splitting (P = 0.003) characteristics of pain. Patients having comorbid psychiatric disorders had a higher proportion of sleep disturbance in both groups and a higher proportion of depressive state in the AO‐only group.ConclusionsAO‐BMS patients have different epidemiological characteristics, sleep quality, and pain experiences compared to AO‐only patients. The presence of psychiatric comorbidities in both groups may exacerbate sleep quality. We suggest that BMS as a comorbid oral disorder in AO patients contributes to a more intensively painful experience.
A systematic review of team formulation in clinical psychology practice: Definition, implementation, and outcomes
Authors: Geach Nicole , Moghaddam Nima G. , De Boos Danielle 
Published: October 2017

PurposeTeam formulation is promoted by professional practice guidelines for clinical psychologists. However, it is unclear whether team formulation is understood/implemented in consistent ways – or whether there is outcome evidence to support the promotion of this practice. This systematic review aimed to (1) synthesize how team formulation practice is defined and implemented by practitioner psychologists and (2) analyse the range of team formulation outcomes in the peer‐reviewed literature.MethodsSeven electronic bibliographic databases were searched in June 2016. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria and were quality assessed. Extracted data were synthesized using content analysis.ResultsDescriptions of team formulation revealed three main forms of instantiation: (1) a structured, consultation approach; (2) semi‐structured, reflective practice meetings; and (3) unstructured/informal sharing of ideas through routine interactions. Outcome evidence linked team formulation to a range of outcomes for staff teams and service users, including some negative outcomes. Quality appraisal identified significant issues with evaluation methods; such that, overall, outcomes were not well‐supported.ConclusionsThere is weak evidence to support the claimed beneficial outcomes of team formulation in practice. There is a need for greater specification and standardization of ‘team formulation’ practices, to enable a clearer understanding of any relationships with outcomes and implications for best‐practice implementations.Practitioner points

Under the umbrella term of ‘team formulation’, three types of practice are reported: (1) highly structured consultation; (2) reflective practice meetings; and (3) informal sharing of ideas.

Outcomes linked to team formulation, including some negative outcomes, were not well evidenced.

Research using robust study designs is required to investigate the process and outcomes of team formulation practice.
Peanuts that keep aflatoxin at bay: a threshold that matters
Authors: Sharma Kiran K. , Pothana Arunima , Prasad Kalyani , Shah Dilip , Kaur Jagdeep , Bhatnagar Deepak , Chen Zhi‐Yuan , Raruang Yenjit , Cary Jeffrey W. , Rajasekaran Kanniah , Sudini Hari Kishan , Bhatnagar‐Mathur Pooja 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAflatoxin contamination in peanuts poses major challenges for vulnerable populations of sub‐Saharan Africa and South Asia. Developing peanut varieties to combat preharvest Aspergillus flavus infection and resulting aflatoxin contamination has thus far remained a major challenge, confounded by highly complex peanut–Aspergilli pathosystem. Our study reports achieving a high level of resistance in peanut by overexpressing (OE) antifungal plant defensins MsDef1 and MtDef4.2, and through host‐induced gene silencing (HIGS) of aflM and aflP genes from the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. While the former improves genetic resistance to A. flavus infection, the latter inhibits aflatoxin production in the event of infection providing durable resistance against different Aspergillus flavus morphotypes and negligible aflatoxin content in several peanut events/lines well. A strong positive correlation was observed between aflatoxin accumulation and decline in transcription of the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes in both OE‐Def and HIGS lines. Transcriptomic signatures in the resistant lines revealed key mechanisms such as regulation of aflatoxin synthesis, its packaging and export control, besides the role of reactive oxygen species‐scavenging enzymes that render enhanced protection in the OE and HIGS lines. This is the first study to demonstrate highly effective biotechnological strategies for successfully generating peanuts that are near‐immune to aflatoxin contamination, offering a panacea for serious food safety, health and trade issues in the semi‐arid regions.