bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biogenic amines and hygienic quality of lucerne silage
Authors: Mlejnkova Veronika , Horky Pavel , Kominkova Marketa , Skladanka Jiri , Hodulikova Lucia , Adam Vojtech , Mlcek Jiri , Jurikova Tunde , Sochor Jiri 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis experiment examined the influence of two different silage additives of biological (Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium, enzyme xylanase) and chemical (43% formic acid, 30% ammonium formate, 10% propionic acid, 2% benzoic acid) types on biogenic amines concentration, nutrient content, fermentation process, and microbiologic indicators in lucerne (Medicago sativa) silage after 90 days of fermentation. The biological additive significantly (P < 0.05) increased putrescine (+51%), lactic acid (+11%) and protein content (+11%) in comparison with control silage. It significantly decreased cadaverine (−29%), histamine (−57%), spermidine (−15%), spermine (−55%), acetic acid (−40%), ethanol (−55%), ammonium (−25%) and ash (−9%). After the chemical-additive treatment, greater amounts of histamine and tyramine were recorded. Significant decrease was observed in the concentrations of putrescine (−18%), cadaverine (−55%), spermidine (−47%), spermine (−45%), lactic acid (−16%), acetic acid (−46%), ammonium (−59%), ash (−13%) and fat (−24%). Populations of bacteria associated with lactic acid fermentation, moulds, yeasts, enterobacteria and total microorganisms count were also influenced. Both biological and chemical additives can be highly recommended for producing high-quality silages meeting hygienic requirements. In lucerne silage, the chemical preservative showed a stronger effect in achieving the health safety of silage compared to the biological inoculant.
Communication for Rural Development
Authors: Aurora D. 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Verwendung der Massenmedien als Werkzeug der Modernisierung in einer Agrargesellschaft wird am Beispiel Indiens beschrieben. Der Autor zeigt Probleme und Möglichkeiten einer Kommunikationsstrategie auf, die Teil des Entwicklungsmodells für das Land insgesamt sein müßte.
Media and Violence. Closing one Door: Opening Another
Authors: Field Martin 
Published: November 2016

Summary
This article sets the debate about the effects of media violence in the context of broader media research. A direct and simple ‘cause and effect’ model between media violence and violence in society does not stand up to scrutiny. It relies on an obsolete model of media influence which stands outside current, theoretical developments in mass communication research. It has diverted attention away from more relevant accounts which see the media as having ‘a primary function’ of ‘legitimation and maintenance of authority’. These suggest a no less powerful but infinitely more subtle model of media influence which finds wide support in other areas of mass communication research. Ironically, since popular debate about media violence has been – and still is – based almost exclusively upon experimental research, it too seems to serve this same legitimation process.
Sex in the Newsroom: Male-Female Differences in Perceptions of Media Professionalism
Authors: Okigbo C.C. 
Published: November 2016

Summary
It is generally believed that the mass media are biased against women in terms of employment and news treatment. The roots of such bias are historical, and its effects arc felt in both the developed and developing countries. But this bias notwithstanding, are women journalists different from their men counterparts with respect to their views on media professionalism? To answer this question, data were collected from men and women Nigerian journalists who were asked their views on various aspects of media professionalism. The analysis of the data showed no significant differences between men and women journalists with respect to perceptions of media professionalism. This paper provides empirical support for equal treatment of the sexes in journalism.
Das Thema Tierversuche im Fernsehen - Meinungs-(Angst)mache durch Manipulation
Authors: Vogt Michael 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung der Diskussion
Bereits vor Beendigung des Vortrages durch Dr. Vogt entwickelte sich eine teilweise sehr emotional geführte Diskussion. Hierbei standen zunächst Fragen nach der Notwendigkeit von Tierversuchen in der pharmakologischen Forschung im Mittelpunkt und weniger die kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Aspekte. Dr. Vogt machte darauf aufmerksam, daß im vergangenen Jahr kein einziges Medikament auf synthetisch-chemischer Basis vom Bundesgesundheitsamt zugelassen wurde, ohne daß zuvor Tierversuche mit diesem Wirkstoff durchgeführt worden waren. Auch wenn die gesamte Pharmaindustrie rund 4000 Katzen pro Jahr für derartige Untersuchungen brauche, sei es nicht richtig, die jährlich 100.000 verschwindenden Katzen in entsprechenden Labors zu vermuten.
Es bestand Konsens darüber, daß Medien Realität konstruieren. Dies gelte für alle Themen. Aus der Sicht des Referenten werde allerdings bei der Realisation des Themas Tierversuche bewußt eine Realitätsfälschung durch die entsprechende Zusammensetzung und Dramaturgie von Diskussionsrunden oder durch die Vermischung von Fiktion und Wirklichkeit in Dokumentationssendungen konstruiert. Medienvertreter aus dem Publikum warfen daraufhin dem Referenten vor, daß er Meinungen manipulieren wolle, indem er Sendeversatzstücke aus dem Zusammenhang reiße und diese in seinem Sinne und zum Nachweis seines Verständnisses von verfehlter journalistischer Arbeit dem Publikum präsentiere.
Es wurde abermals deutlich, daß die grundsätzliche Diskussion über Tierversuche sehr stark polarisiert: der „weiße Riese“ Pharmaindustrie auf der einen und die armen Tiere auf der anderen Seite. Diese Polarisierung sei nur mit dialogischer Kommunikation und einer Rückbesinnung der Vertreter aus Pharmaindustrie und Medien auf ethische Grundwerte wie Solidarität, Altruismus und Gemeinwohl aufzulösen.
Catalytic Sol Assisted Dense Pd/γ-Al2O3 Membrane using Modified Electroless Plating: Effect of Process on Surface Morphology
Authors: Sharma Richa , Kumar Amit , Upadhyay Rajesh K. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Palladium membranes are considered ideal for high purity hydrogen separation owing to their infinite selectivity to hydrogen. The key to such selectivity depends on the dense surface of the membrane that suggests absolute non-porous surface morphology. However, preparation of dense palladium membranes irrespective of any deposition technique leads to pit formation which makes synthesis of dense palladium membrane challenging. The current study illustrates the application of electroless plating assisted with novel catalytic sol pre-coating to prepare dense Pd membranes. The surface characterization using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were performed to identify the gaps between dip coating and electroless plating. It was observed that with the use of a dip coated catalytic sol, thinner and well dispersed Pd deposits could be prepared. The porosity of deposited Pd layers does not affect the essential densification property as sol surface underneath dispersed Pd remains dense.
On asymptotic properties of the distribution of the number of pairs of H-connected tuples
Authors: Mikhailov V. G. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The main result of this paper is a theorem about convergence of the distribution of the number of pairs of H-connected s-tuples in two independent sequences of independent identically distributed variables. The concept of H-connection is a generalisation of the concept of H-equivalence of tuples. We give sufficient conditions for convergence and an explicit estimate of the rate of convergence. We use the local variant of the Chen-Stein method for estimating the accuracy of Poisson approximation for distribution of the set of dependent random indicators. The main results of this paper were announced in [7].
The research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grants 02-01-00266 and 00-15-96136.
A family of multivariate χ2-statistics
Authors: Selivanov B. I. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We consider a sequence of independent trials, which, under the hypothesis H0, is a realisation of some polynomial scheme. We define a family of multivariate chi-square statistics which includes the sequential chi-square test statistics. We formulate conditions which guarantee that the distributions of the statistics under consideration converge to limit distributions under the hypothesis H0 and the alternatives contigual to H0. We find the form of the Laplace transforms of the limit distributions of the statistics of the family.
This research was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 00-15-96136.
Twenty-First Century “Populism:” Not for the Unions and a Good Thing Too
Authors: Lichtenstein Nelson 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOn both the left and the right the phrase “populism” has lost any tangible meaning; or rather it is the default word used to describe otherwise unorganized and atomized anti-elite sentiment of almost any sort. The labor movement is a genuinely anti-corporate and anti-elite effort to empower workers both white and of color, but few commentators describe it as “populist,” and correctly so. This is because trade unions have an organized leadership, a concrete program, and the capacity to exist once the fever of the election season has passed. In his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination, Bernie Sanders largely missed the much needed opportunity to defend and legitimize these working-class institutions for millions of potential members.
Miniaturized Band Stop FSS Using Convoluted Swastika Structure
Authors: Bilvam Sridhar , Sivasamy Ramprabhu , Kanagasabai Malathi , M Gulam Nabi Alsath , Baisakhiya Sanjay 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a miniaturized frequency selective surface (FSS) with stop band characteristics at the resonant frequency of 5.12 GHz. The unit cell size of the proposed FSS design is in the order of 0.095 λ×0.095 λ. The proposed unit cell is obtained by convoluting the arms of the basic swastika structure. The design provides fractional bandwidth of 9.0 % at the center frequency of 5.12 GHz in the 20 dB reference level of insertion loss. The symmetrical aspect of the design delivers identical response for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) modes thereby exhibiting polarization independent operation. The miniaturized design provides good angular independency for various incident angles. The dispersion analysis is done to substantiate the band stop operation of the convoluted swastika FSS. The proposed FSS is fabricated and its working is validated through measurements.
Beam Scanning Antenna with Wideband Broadside Radiation Based on Multilayered Substrate Integrated Waveguide Composite Right/Left-Handed Structure
Authors: Zhang Qin , Wu Guo-cheng , Wang Guang-ming , Liang Jian-gang , Gao Xiang-jun 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a novel multilayered substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) composite right/left-handed (CRLH) structure is proposed to design beam scanning antenna for wideband broadside radiation. The unit cell of the SIW-CRLH structure is formed by spiral interdigital fingers etched on the upper ground of SIW, and a parasitic patch beneath the slot, has a continuous change of phase constant from negative to positive value within its passband. The proposed beam scanning antenna, which consists of consists of 15 identical elementary cells of the SIW-CRLH, is simulated, fabricated and measured. According to the measured results, the proposed antenna not only realizes a continuous main beam scanning from backward –78° to forward +80° within the operating frequency range from 8.25 to 12.2 GHz, but also obtains the measured broadside gain of 11.5 dB with variation of 1.0 dB over the frequency range of 8.8–9.25 GHz (4.99 %). Besides, compared with the same works in the references, this one has the most wonderful performance.
The Fate of the Award Annulled in the Country of the Seat
Authors: Sardu Alessandra 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe topic of the fate of the award annulled in the legal order of the seat has always been at the center of fervent debates. Once annulled, does the award cease to exist? Is it correct to speak about the extraterritorial and erga omnes effects of the judgment of the courts of the seat annulling the award? Scholars and national courts have tried to give an answer to these questions finding a possible solution in the framework of the New York Convention. However, it is doubtful whether the New York Convention addresses this issue. This article aims at exploring in a critical manner the different theoretical views on the fate of the award annulled in the country of origin, also taking into account case law of national courts on the topic. Three theoretical theses are analyzed and compared. A first thesis affirms that (i) an award annulled in the country of the seat cannot be enforced anywhere else, a second that (ii) the courts of the enforcement States have discretion in deciding whether to grant recognition and enforcement to a foreign award and a third that (iii) the annulment of an award in the State does not constitute a ground to refuse the enforcement of the award.
The Application of Multimedia at the Lecture-experimental Tours at Secondary Schools
Authors: Holá Oľga 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The lecture-experimental tours at secondary schools of Slovakia have been realized within the scope of the APVV (The Slovak Research and Development Agency) project solving: “Physics and Chemistry in our Life Today and Tomorrow”. These lectures consist of lectures supported by power-point presentations, illustrative demos of lectured problems, as well as simple experiments. In the lecture part various information and communication means are used - e.g. the Internet connection, various CDs, DVDs and our own video film library. In our paper we inform of these courses and of their objectives and responses.
Question Objects – Source of Electronic Questions
Authors: Hrubý Miroslav 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The high quality electronic tests and self tests should be an indispensable part of modern study materials and study environment. The described theory says that the items of electronic tests and self tests are electronic questions and that every electronic question is generated by the so called question object. Each question object belongs to one of the defined types. The main goal of this paper is to introduce a prepared formal description and describe the set of useful types of electronic question objects regardless of their connection with the existing software. The author tries to bridge the possible gap between the educational needs and the range of various types of available software.
Adaptive Form of Elearning
Authors: Kostolányová Kateřina , Šarmanová Jana , Takács Ondřej 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Among classic and electronic forms of education, a new type is being considered - the individualised form of education. The main reasoning behind individualised education is to respect differences of individual students. This individualised form of education in connection with the ever-present ICT devices leads to a new form of education - adaptive eLearning: a form of educational process that is in harmony with individual needs of students. This article deals with the basic principles of creating adaptive learning environment; with the current conditions of this issue in the Czech Republic and abroad; and with the outline of possible solutions to the adaptive electronic teaching process. In the second half of the article, the structure of adaptive study aids is described in detail.
Optimizing Video Clips in Educational Materials
Authors: Oujezdský Aleš 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The use of videos from digital camcorders has become a standard in education in recent years. The curriculum is easily accessible and appeals to a wider audience. The lessons use videos of various physical processes and chemical experiments. However there can be problems with this format. The video quality is often degraded in the final stage when the video is being prepared for placement in education. These include teaching materials in the form of web pages, elearning courses or flash multimedia objects. The final product of editing video from a digital camcorder is a DVD video. However, if we want to transfer this to the Web or other educational material, it is necessary to remove non-square pixels, interlaced video and choose the appropriate compression. For these operations, there are many interpolation algorithms (nearest neighbour, bilinear interpolation, bicubic interpolation), filter deinterlacing (wave, bob, blend), and compression tools. By selecting appropriate settings for these parameters, the video material can be optimized while maintaining the highest possible image quality. The final step before publishing the video is its conversion into one of the used codecs. Codec’s settings will largely impact the final quality and size of the video-clip.
Analysis of Children’s Professional Orientation at Senior Primary Grade
Authors: Badošek Radim , Kimplová Tereza 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The article summarizes fundamental facts of a part of the research project that was focused on pupils' professional orientation and on technical and practical competence of pupils at senior primary grade of the schools within Moravian-Silesian County. The research was executed by means of on-line data collection provided by Methodical and Evaluation Centre o.p.s. in 2008 and 2009. The data analysis of the results of General Interest Structure Test (AIST-R test), which deals with the professional orientation, demonstrated an interesting structure of pupils' professional orientation. The pupils from 6th up to 8th classes were examined. We obtained preferences of the interests structure, the most sought combinations of career selection, aspiration levels of reached education and all that for about 1,600 pupils. This internationally proven test in a computational version was used continually with a newly constructed achievement method for finding out aptitudes linked with technical and practical competence (TTPP - Test of Technical and Practical Competence). The results that foreshadow possibilities of pupils' professional aiming might become a useful tool of their motivation then.
E-Learning in Higher Education: Reflection of the Term in Mind Maps
Authors: Šimonová Ivana 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper presents results of the survey monitoring individual concepts of e-learning of university students. The survey ran at the Faculty of Informatics and Management, University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. The research sample consisted of 104 respondents who enrolled in the first year of bachelor study programme of Applied Informatics and master study programme of Information Management. In the first phase, students did not design their mind maps by themselves but the Khan’s model of e-learning was used. This model includes 17 terms which are structured in eight dimensions. In the first phase students worked with these terms and structured them into their own concept; adding other terms or omitting any of them was encouraged. In case of completely different concept, students might have designed their own mind maps. The results showed students’ concept of e-learning had not been completely built despite their field of study is Informatics, i.e. they are expected to have close relation to modern technologies in general, including the field of education.
Educational Support of the Course Nursing Procedures and Interventions
Authors: Babičová Markéta , Nagyová Ingrid 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The course Nursing Procedures and Interventions is being taught at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Ostrava within the scope of the study programs Nursing and Midwifery. Despite the fact that the main part of the course is dedicated to the practical medical skills, it is suitable not only for students of full-time studies, but also for students of combined studies. The teaching of the course is organizationally demanding, because of which a Moodle e-learning course has been developed.
The article describes the aims and the education process of the course Nursing Procedures and Interventions with the support of e-learning. It deals especially with the testing of theoretical knowledge of students within the e-learning course, which has three phases - when introduced to the course for the first time, during the course, and at the end of it. The article presents the comparison of the test results of different education periods. The article also deals with the more complicated issues and parts of the course and also compares students’ results with regard to their previous specialty - if they already encountered any kind of health studies or if the course is their first experience with this kind of education.
Data from Catalogues of Solar System Objects in Education
Authors: Kéhar Ota 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis contribution contains attractive examples that use catalogues of astronomical objects available at Astronomia web pages (astronomia.zcu.cz) to improve the teaching of selected astronomical topics. The main focus is to Solar system objects, list of numbered minor planets is used to demonstrate the current position of objects in the Solar system, to construct a Kirkwood gap graph or to interactively verify Kepler’s laws. I put emphasis on involving students in practical activities, so the results of my research are several worksheets. All worksheets include basic procedure. Each part of worksheet is complemented by sub-questions that deepen knowledge of students and it provides welcomed feedback for teacher. All these features are available as online applications on web pages and it can be used during ICT lessons. I tried worksheets on a significant sample of secondary school pupils and university students. As a result I discovered that students usually do not have possibility to solve this kind of exercise (using data from catalog of astronomical objects) at school. Students cannot handle basic transactions in the Excel spreadsheet, especially inserting formulas into cells, data sorting or constructing a simple chart.
Adaptive Testing in Practice
Authors: Prextová Tatiana 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Testing as such is important for diagnostics and evaluation. It is used as feedback by both the pedagogues and the ones being tested. The more a teacher learns from the test results, the better is their chance to correct, clarify, or modify the test itself; i.e. to carry out the changes in their instruction or the education process. The more a student learns from the test, the better is their chance to thoroughly learn and master information, and to clarify problematic issues of a particular curriculum. Moreover, their motivation to further study is growing as they deal with more demanding tasks. Adaptive testing carried out in a suitable LMS offers such possibilities.
This paper is aimed at the introduction of basic principles and rules of computerized adaptive testing. Moreover, it provides information about the process and results of computerized adaptive testing, which was experimentally carried out on the sample of 53 ninth-grade pupils at the Porubská elementary school in Ostrava.