bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi-layer controlled remote implementation of partially unknown single-qudit operations
Authors: Li Siyi , Ma Songya , Jin Si 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Our concern is to investigate controlled remote implementation of partially unknown operations with multiple layers. We first propose a scheme to realize the remote implementation of single-qubit operations belonging to the restricted sets. Then, the proposed scheme is extended to the case of single-qudit operations. As long as the controller and the higher-layer senders consent, the receiver can restore the desired state remotely operated by the sender. It is worth mentioning that the recovery operation is deduced by general formulas which clearly reveal the relationship with the measurement outcomes. For the sake of clarity, two specific examples with two levels are given respectively. In addition, we discuss the influence of amplitude-damping noise and utilize weak measurement and measurement reversal to effectively resist noise.
Recurrent wildfires alter forest structure and community composition of terra firme Amazonian forests
Authors: Pereira Cassio Alves , Barlow Jos , Tabarelli Marcelo , Giles Andre Luiz , Ferreira Amanda Estefania de Melo , Vieira Ima Célia Guimarães 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Wildfires associated with land-use and climate change have considered a key driver to the Amazon forest collapse. However, achieving a detailed understanding of how human-related disturbances impact forest successional trajectories needs comprehensive information spanning forest strata. Here, we investigate the impact of recurrent wildfires on forest structure, species diversity, and composition, making a comprehensive assessment of the regenerating, understory, and canopy tree communities in a sustainable use reserve in the eastern Amazon. Plant communities were described across 16 forest stands (old-growth, burned once and twice) sampling a total of 3620 individuals and 326 tree and palm species. Wildfires affected all attributes of forest structure. Aboveground biomass decreased by 44% in forest burned once, and 71% in twice-burned forest stands. Forest canopy was the most affected strata after the second fire, with a 44%-decrease compared to unburned forest. The same pattern emerged for basal area, which decreased by an average of 27.5% after the first fire and 53.8% following the second fire event. Overall, plant communities experienced a 50%-loss of species richness after two fires, including both dominant and rare species. Plant communities also became more dissimilar as fire events accumulated, with 58%–61% increase in species dissimilarity following two fires events. As wildfires reoccured, the old-growth forests of our focal landscape were converted into a mosaic of regenerating forest stands dominated by local short-lived pioneers (i.e. low-biomass early-regenerating forest stands) and a few tree species less sensitive to fire. Our findings highlight the urgent need to secure a resilient future for Amazonian forests with actions needed to support local livelihoods whilst reducing the prevalence of ignitions sources and allowing forest recovery.
Provincial-scale assessment of direct air capture to meet China’s climate neutrality goal under limited bioenergy supply
Authors: Kim Hanwoong , Qiu Yang , McJeon Haewon , Clarens Andres , Javadi Parisa , Wang Can , Wang Rui , Wang Jiachen , Jiang Hanying , Miller Andy , Cui Ryna , Behrendt Jenna , Ou Yang , Yu Sha , Fuhrman Jay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
China has large, estimated potential for direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) but its deployment locations and impacts at the subnational scale remain unclear. This is largely because higher spatial resolution studies on carbon dioxide removal (CDR) in China have focused mainly on bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. This study uses a spatially detailed integrated energy-economy-climate model to evaluate DACCS for 31 provinces in China as the country pursues its goal of climate neutrality by 2060. We find that DACCS could expand China’s negative emissions capacity, particularly under sustainability-minded limits on bioenergy supply that are informed by bottom-up studies. But providing low-carbon electricity for multiple GtCO2 yr−1 DACCS may require over 600 GW of additional wind and solar capacity nationwide and comprise up to 30% of electricity demand in China’s northern provinces. Investment requirements for DACCS range from $330 to $530 billion by 2060 but could be repaid manyfold in the form of avoided mitigation costs, which DACCS deployment could reduce by up to $6 trillion over the same period. Enhanced efforts to lower residual CO2 emissions that must be offset with CDR under a net-zero paradigm reduce but do not eliminate the use of DACCS for mitigation. For decision-makers and the energy-economy models guiding them, our results highlight the value of expanding beyond the current reliance on biomass for negative emissions in China.
Generalized boson and fermion operators with a maximal total occupation property
Authors: Stoilova N I , Van der Jeugt J 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe propose a new generalization of the standard (anti-)commutation relations for creation and annihilation operators of bosons and fermions. These relations preserve the usual symmetry properties of bosons and fermions. Only the standard (anti-)commutator relation involving one creation and one annihilation operator is deformed by introducing fractional coefficients, containing a positive integer parameterp. The Fock space is determined by the classical definition. The new relations are chosen in such a way that the total occupation number in the system has the maximum valuep. From the actions of creation and annihilation operators in the Fock space, a group theoretical framework is determined, and from here the correspondence with known particle statistics is established.
On Darmon’s program for the generalized Fermat equation, II
Authors: Billerey Nicolas , Chen Imin , Dieulefait Luis , Freitas Nuno 
Published: September 2024

We obtain additional Diophantine applications of the methods surrounding Darmon’s program for the generalized Fermat equation developed in the first part of this series of papers. As a first application, we use a multi-Frey approach combining two Frey elliptic curves over totally real fields, a Frey hyperelliptic curve over

Q

\mathbb {Q}

due to Kraus, and ideas from the Darmon program to give a complete resolution of the generalized Fermat equation

x
7

+

y
7

=
3

z
n

\begin{equation*} x^7 + y^7 = 3 z^n \end{equation*}

for all integers

n
≥
2

n \ge 2

. Moreover, we explain how the use of higher dimensional Frey abelian varieties allows a more efficient proof of this result due to additional structures that they afford, compared to using only Frey elliptic curves.

As a second application, we use some of these additional structures that Frey abelian varieties possess to show that a full resolution of the generalized Fermat equation

x
7

+

y
7

=

z
n

x^7 + y^7 = z^n

depends only on the Cartan case of Darmon’s big image conjecture. In the process, we solve the previous equation for solutions

(
a
,
b
,
c
)

(a,b,c)

such that

a
a

and

b
b

satisfy certain

2
2

- or

7
7

-adic conditions and all

n
≥
2

n \ge 2

.
Looking for the Soul of Environmental Lament
Authors: Thompson Michael G , Monagle Clare 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In texts, films, paintings and speeches, New Deal policymakers and allied intellectuals deployed biblical language and images to evoke contrition for environmental “sins.” The sins of the fathers, namely the exploitative land use on the part of settlers and agro-capitalists, were now being visited on the Depression generation in the catastrophes not only of wind-born soil erosion (as in the Dust Bowl) but also the more extensive threat of gullying and water-born erosion. New Deal uses of the Bible, we argue, were not an instrumental conceit designed to manipulate hearts and minds. Rather, New Deal environmental thought, even at its seemingly most technocratic, was profoundly embedded within Christian imaginaries of sin and redemption. Scientific and religious modes of authority merged with the offices of state. As such, the soil Jeremiad is one illustration of both the need for and potential benefit of thickening “inter-field” religious and environmental methodologies—a potential we explore in this essay. In historicizing the soil Jeremiad, we also offer an example of how we might better understand the importance of religion for the history of the environmental movement beyond stories from activists’ biographies and move toward a religious-environmental history of the public sphere itself.
Ghost Records in the Archival Empire
Authors: Dean Gabrielle 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the libraries of many historically white colleges and universities, there is genuine desire and sincere effort to make primary source collections more diverse, inclusive, and equitable. But these endeavors are thwarted by long-standing internal practices and values. Laying bare the inner workings of special collections libraries within such institutions, I analyze the financial, epistemological, and cultural mechanisms that interfere with the building of archival collections relevant to African American history and experience.
Extensive avoidance behaviour of krill from predators and nets
Authors: Christiansen Svenja , Bråthen Mabel Pernille , Moksnes Fredrik Lund , Schmedling Charlotte Aurora , Thorsby Sara Jegstad , Titelman Josefin , Kaartvedt Stein 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We used echosounders to assess krill (Meganyctiphanes norvegica) responses to sampling gear and predators. Towing pelagic trawls above autonomous submerged, upward-looking echosounders revealed instantaneous diving by the krill during daytime but not at night. The krill dived at 10–30 cm s−1 with a near-simultaneous response throughout the krill layer below the gear (&gt;10 m). Traversing the paths of the previous sampling revealed long-lasting voids in the krill distribution during the daytime. Such voids were less apparent at night. Backscatter increased in the wake of the gear during nocturnal sampling, possibly due to changes in individual backscatter related to variation in swimming behaviour. During daytime, krill responded to fish schools with instantaneous coherent diving, spanning tens of meters at speeds of 10–27 cm s−1. Coordinated and far-ranging responses indicate that even loose krill aggregations may facilitate predator avoidance by enabling efficient signal transmission between individuals. The krill antipredator behaviour instigated marked daytime krill patchiness. Krill patchiness will vary relative to the predator regime and reflect recent encounters.
Twisting the Infinitesimal Site
Authors: Mundinger Joshua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We classify twistings of Grothendieck’s differential operators on a smooth variety $X$ in prime characteristic $p$. We prove that isomorphism classes of twistings are in bijection with $H^{2}(X,\mathbb{Z}_{p}(1))$, the degree 2, weight 1 syntomic cohomology of $X$. We also discuss the relationship between twistings of crystalline and Grothendieck differential operators. Twistings in mixed characteristic are also analyzed.
COVID-19 and Gender Gap in Labor Market Recovery: Evidence From Nigeria
Authors: Hossain Marup , Hossain Md Amzad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic-driven economic downturn can have substantial implications for the gender gap in the labor market in developing countries, where women are already worse off in job participation and earnings than men. After more than two years of the pandemic, how has the labor market reshaped in developing countries like Nigeria? Using multiple rounds of data before and after the pandemic and incorporating a difference-in-differences design, we show that overall employment dropped in the post-epidemic period in Nigeria. Importantly, overall employment fell more for women than men in Nigeria. Women in the high-COVID-intensity areas also experienced a larger shift from wage and service jobs to farm-based employment. It may aggravate women’s economic condition to the extent that the labor market returns in farming activities are lower than that of wage and service jobs.
Impact of different feed intake levels on intestinal morphology and epithelial cell differentiation in piglets
Authors: Wang Xin , Yin Lanmei , Geng Chunchun , Zhang Jiaqi , Li Jianzhong , Huang Pengfei , Li Yali , Wang Qiye , Yang Huansheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of feed intake levels on the development of intestinal morphology and epithelial cell differentiation in piglets. Sixty-four 35-d-old healthy weaned piglets ([Large White × Landrace] × Duroc) with an initial weight (6.93 ± 0.12 kg) were randomly divided into 4 groups (100%, 80%, 40%, and 20% feed intake) with 8 replicates of 2 pigs each. Samples were collected on days 3 and 7. The results revealed that with an increase in feed restriction degree and time, the body weight and organ index of piglets significantly decreased, and the villus height (VH) and crypt depth of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum also decreased linearly (P &lt; 0.05). After 3 d of feed restriction, jejunal ki67, endocrine cells, goblet cells, and villus endocrine/VH all decreased linearly, but the villus cup/VH ratio increased linearly, and the 40% and 20% were significantly higher than those of the 100% and 80% (P &lt; 0.05). There was also a linear decrease in jejunal ki67, endocrine cells, goblet cells, and villous endocrine/VH in piglets fed 7 d of food restriction; however, the villus goblet cells/VH ratio in the 20% was significantly higher than that in the 40% group and was not different from that in the 80% (P &lt; 0.05). During 3 d of feed restriction, the expression of jejunal differentiation marker genes showed a linear decreasing trend (P &lt; 0.05) but increased linearly after 7 d of feed restriction. The expression levels of interleukin17 (IL-17) and IL-22 also increased linearly (P &lt; 0.05). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and gene set enrichment analysis analyses indicated that the PPAR signaling pathway, ECM–receptor interaction, and Th1, Th2, and Th17 cell differentiation were significantly enriched in these processes. real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that both PPAR and ECM–receptor interactions were significantly activated during 7 d of feeding restriction (P &lt; 0.05). The results showed that with an increase in feed restriction intensity and time, the intestinal morphology and epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation were significantly reduced, except for the goblet cells. This phenomenon is related to the regulation of intestinal differentiation by IL-17 and IL-22 secreted by the Th cells.
High total water loss driven by low-fat diet in desert-adapted mice
Authors: Blumstein Danielle M , Colella Jocelyn P , Linder Ernst , MacManes Matthew D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Availability of food resources is an important driver of survival. Populations must either relocate or adapt to persist in environments where food availability is changing. An optimal diet balances energy gain, water regulation, and nutrition. We used flow-through respirometry to characterize metabolic phenotypes of the desert-adapted Cactus Mouse (Peromyscus eremicus) under diurnally variable environmental conditions that mimic that of the Sonoran Desert. We treated mice with 2 different energetically equivalent diets, a standard diet and a low-fat diet, and measured energy expenditure, water loss rate, respiratory quotient, weight, and electrolyte levels. Mice fed the low-fat diet lost significantly more water than those on the standard diet. Despite being desert-adapted, our results suggest that cactus mice may have limited capacity to tolerate water deprivation if optimal foods become less abundant. Given that climate change is predicted to modify the distribution of food items, understanding these links may have important implications for long-term population viability for desert and non-desert-adapted animals alike.
Deciphering accretion-driven starquakes in recycled millisecond pulsars using gravitational waves
Authors: Chatterjee Sagnik , Nath Kamal Krishna , Mallick Ritam 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Recycled millisecond pulsars are susceptible to starquakes as they are continuously accreting matter from their binary companion. A starquake happens when the rotational frequency of the star crosses its breaking frequency. In this study, we perform a model analysis of an accreting neutron star suffering a starquake. We analyse two models: a spherical star with accreting mountains and a deformed star with accreting mountains. We find that as the star crosses the breaking frequency and suffers a starquake, there is a sudden change in the continuous gravitational wave signal arriving from it. The amplitude of the gravitational wave signal increases suddenly both for the spherical and deformed star. For the spherical star, the accreting matter entirely dictates the amplitude of the gravitational wave. For the deformed star, both the accreting matter and the deformation from spherical symmetry play a significant role in determining the amplitude of the gravitational wave signal. This sudden change in the continuous gravitational wave signal in recycled millisecond pulsars can be a unique signature for such pulsars undergoing a starquake.
Chronic constipation and gut microbiota: current research insights and therapeutic implications
Authors: Xu Xiaoqian , Wang Yali , Long Yiyan , Cheng Yanli 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chronic constipation is a prevalent clinical condition. Its etiology and pathogenesis have not yet been fully understood. In recent years, mounting evidence suggests a close association between chronic constipation and intestinal dysbiosis, including alterations in the colony structure and metabolites, as well as the modulation of bowel movements via the brain–gut–microbiota axis. With the deepening of related research, probiotic-related therapies are expected to become a potential first-line treatment for chronic constipation in the future. In this review, we summarize the current research insights into the intricate relationships between chronic constipation and the gut microbiota and briefly discuss several different approaches for treating chronic constipation. The findings from this review may advance our understanding of the pathological mechanisms underlying chronic constipation and, ultimately, translate them into improvements in patient care.
“I Have Faith in God That I Will Get Better”—The Multidimensional Perceptions and Expectations of Patients With Chronic Shoulder Pain: A Qualitative Analysis of Common Sense
Authors: de Freitas Letícia Jonas , Hotta Gisele Harumi , Alaiti Rafael Krasic , Fukusawa Leandro , Palacios-Ceña Domingo , Oliveira Anamaria Siriani 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
This descriptive qualitative study aimed to gain insights into the expectations of individuals with chronic shoulder pain and to investigate how different levels of disability may influence their beliefs and expectations regarding improvement.

Methods
This qualitative study utilized the Common Sense Model as its theoretical framework. Conducted within a public physical therapy clinic, individuals with chronic shoulder pain who were awaiting the initiation of the treatment were included. Participants, female and male (aged 30–69 years), were purposefully sampled. Thirty participants, categorized into 2 groups based on the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) scores, underwent semi-structured interviews. Group 1, lower SPADI scores (0–60), had 10 participants, and Group 2, higher SPADI scores (61–100), had 20 participants. Thematic analysis and inductive coding were employed to analyze the interviews.

Results
Common themes emerged in both groups: the use of medical terms for understanding the diagnosis and the multidimensional impact of pain. The last 2 themes differed between groups. Notable differences included Group 1’s focus on resources for pain relief and positive expectations with physical therapy, while Group 2 emphasized rest, religion as a resource for pain relief, and God’s role in improvement.

Conclusion
These findings highlight the complexity of beliefs and expectations among patients with chronic shoulder pain. Individuals with greater disability often incorporated religious beliefs into their coping strategies, but they held lower recovery expectations and reported negative treatment experiences. These insights have implications for tailoring patient-centered care approaches.

Impact
This study underscores the need for health care providers to consider the multidimensionality of recovery expectations, which can significantly influence patient outcomes. Clinicians can reflect on this knowledge to optimize treatment strategies and improve patient prognosis.
The development of mathematics revision resources and economics student demand for these resources
Authors: Brendon-Penn Andrew , Elliott Caroline , Kostadinov Emil , Smith Jeremy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article describes revision mathematics resources that were developed for students to work through prior to starting their university economics degrees. This was believed to be important as school mathematics syllabi differ. The development of the resources was timely, as when the resources were created, there was also concern that students’ pre university studies may have been disrupted during the pandemic. The resources included short films, sets of notes and multiple quizzing opportunities. The revision resources were made available via the university virtual learning environment. Take up of the resources was very good and the key resources are now also publicly available via The Economics Network website. We tracked students’ use of the revision resources prior to the start of their undergraduate economics degrees in 2023 and during the first term of their studies. The usage data demonstrates the demand for revision mathematics resources, with over 70% of new students engaging with the resources. Data from The Economics Network website support this conclusion. We suggest that usage data provide an important indicator of students’ revealed preference for the resources developed.
Diagnostic dilemma: a typical follicular adenoma mimicking poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Nkenguye William P. , Mremi Alex , Lodhia Jay 
Published: September 2024

Introduction and importance:
Thyroid disorders encompass a diverse range of conditions, including benign adenomas and malignant carcinomas. Atypical follicular adenomas represent a subset that presents diagnostic challenges due to their ambiguous features. Given the thyroid gland’s proximity to critical structures, prompt and accurate diagnosis is imperative for optimal management.

Case presentation:
This case report details the clinical journey of a 58-year-old male presenting with an anterior neck swelling and hoarseness of voice. Following a right hemithyroidectomy, histopathological examination revealed an atypical follicular adenoma. However, subsequent developments, such as persistent hoarseness, contralateral thyroid lobe enlargement, and cervical lymphadenopathy, necessitated further investigation.

Clinical discussion:
The complexities of diagnosing and managing thyroid lesions, especially those with atypical features and postoperative complications, are discussed. Differential diagnoses and investigative strategies are explored within the context of this case, highlighting the challenges encountered in clinical practice.

Conclusion:
This case underscores the intricate nature of thyroid pathology and the importance of comprehensive evaluation in guiding clinical decision-making. Despite initial histopathological findings, ongoing vigilance and thorough assessment are crucial for identifying and addressing evolving clinical presentations in patients with thyroid disorders.