bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac Surgeons after Vacation: Refreshed or Rusty?
Authors: Winick-Ng Jennifer , McClure Andrew , Dubois Luc , Nagpal Dave , Welk Blayne 
Published: May 2017

Introduction Many surgeons describe feeling a bit out of practice when they return from a vacation. There have been no studies assessing the impact of surgeon vacation on patient outcomes.
Methods We used administrative data from the province of Ontario to identify patients who underwent a coronary artery bypass grafting. Using a propensity score, we matched patients who underwent their procedure immediately after their surgeon returned from vacation of at least 7 days (n = 1,161) to patients who were not operated immediately before or after a vacation period (n = 2,138).
Results There was no significant difference in patient mortality (odds ratio: 1.23, p = 0.52), length of operation (relative risk [RR]: 1.00 p = 0.58), or intensive care unit/hospital stay (RR: 0.97 p = 0.66/RR: 0.98 p = 0.54, respectively).
Conclusion There was not a significant change in risk of death, operative length, or hospital stay after a surgeon vacation.
The 100 Most-Cited Articles Focused on Ultrasound Imaging: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Moon J. , Yun E. , Yoon D. , Choi C. , Seo Y. , Cho Y. , Lim K. , Baek S. , Hong S. , Yoon S. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Purpose The number of citations that an article has received reflects its impact on a particular research area. The aim of this study was to identify the 100 most-cited articles focused on ultrasound (US) imaging and to analyze the characteristics of these articles.
Methods We determined the 100 most-cited articles on US imaging via the Web of Science database, using the search term. The following parameters were used to analyze the characteristics of the 100 most-cited articles: publication year, journal, journal impact factor, number of citations and annual citations, authors, department, institution, country, type of article, and topic.
Results The number of citations for the 100 most-cited articles ranged from 1849 to 341 (median: 442.0) and the number of annual citations ranged from 108.0 to 8.1 (median: 22.1). The majority of articles were published in 1990 – 1999 (39 %), published in radiology journals (20 %), originated in the United States (45 %), were clinical observation studies (67 %), and dealt with the vessels (35 %). The Department of Internal Medicine at the University of California and the Research Institute of Public Health at the University of Kuopio (n = 4 each) were the leading institutions and Salonen JT and Salonen R (n = 4 each) were the most prolific authors.
Conclusion Our study presents a detailed list and analysis of the 100 most-cited US articles, which provides a unique insight into the historical development in this field.
Priapismus bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Authors: Pandey Abhishek , Keller Hansjörg 
Published: May 2017

ZusammenfassungPriapismus ist eine prolongierte Erektion ohne sexuellen Stimulus und erfordert in der Regel sofortige Behandlung um Spätfolgen (z. B. erektile Dysfunction, penile Deformation) zu vermeiden. Im Kindesalter tritt die Erkrankungen selten auf, aber die hämatologischen Erkrankungen spielen hier eine wichtige Rolle. In der Regel handelt es sich hier um eine Blickdiagnose, die Blutgasanalyse sowie die Dopplersonographie entscheidet über die Form des Priapismus und damit über das weitere Vorgehen. Bei Low- Flow Priapismus ist eine sofortige Blutaspiration und ggf. intrakavernöse Sympathomimetikainjektion notwendig, bei bestehender Erektion kommt eine Shuntanlage in Frage. Der High- Flow Priapismus benötigt keine sofortige Therapie, bei Fistelbildung ist die radiologisch gestützte selektive Embolisation mit sehr hohen Erfolgsraten verbunden. Das Ziel bei intermittierendem Priapismus ist die Reduktion bzw. Prophylaxe von Episoden durch erektionshemmende Substanzen und Aufklärung über die Erkrankung. Penisprothesen spielen im Kindesalter keine Rolle.
Depression und komorbide Persönlichkeitsstörung – Effekte stationärer tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie
Authors: Seidler Daniel , Schäfer Ralf , Jenett Dörte , Hartkamp Norbert , Franz Matthias 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Depressionen zählen zu den häufigsten Erkrankungen. Die Wirksamkeit tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie auf depressive Symptomlast ist belegt. Allerdings wird ein geringeres Ansprechen komorbid persönlichkeitsgestörter Patienten auf eine Behandlung depressionstypischer Symptome berichtet, ebenso geringere Remissionsraten und längere Remissionszeiten. Die Befundlage stellt sich jedoch insgesamt inkonsistent dar. Ziel dieser Studie war es, mögliche Unterschiede in der Ansprechbarkeit von Patientinnen mit und ohne Persönlichkeitsstörung (PD) zu untersuchen.
Methode Anhand einer Gruppe von Patientinnen im Alter von 25–45 Jahren (N=377), welche sich zur Behandlung einer depressiven Symptomatik in stationärer tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie befand, wurden in einer naturalistischen Multizenterstudie (STOP-D) die Behandlungseffekte auf depressionstypische Beschwerden (u. a. BDI, HAMD) und psychodynamische Zielkonstrukte (IPO) in Abhängigkeit einer komorbiden PD untersucht. Patientendaten wurden in 15 bundesdeutschen Psychosomatischen Kliniken anhand von Selbst- und Fremdeinschätzungsinstrumenten erhoben.
Ergebnisse Bei vergleichbaren Therapieumfängen profitierten Patientinnen sowohl mit als auch ohne komorbide PD signifikant von der stationären tiefenpsychologisch fundierten Behandlung. Bei vergleichbarer Ausgangsbelastung in klinischen Variablen sind die Effektstärken der Patientinnengruppe ohne PD in sämtlichen Zielmaßen jedoch höher als bei Patientinnen mit PD.
Diskussion Bei insgesamt geringerem Behandlungsprofit der Gruppe komorbid persönlichkeitsgestörter depressiver Patientinnen, profitieren beide Gruppen statistisch und klinisch signifikant von stationärer tiefenpsychologisch fundierter Psychotherapie. Denkbar bleibt ein Einfluss weiterer komorbider Symptome sowie eine anhand unserer Daten nur schwer zu kontrollierende Konfundierung depressiver Symptome mit Symptomen einer PD. Hierzu sind weitere Untersuchungen nötig.
Schlussfolgerung Obwohl auch Patientinnen mit komorbider PD von der stationären Behandlung profitieren, erscheint ein spezielleres therapeutisches Eingehen auf diese Patientengruppe sinnvoll.
Subjektiv erlebte Nebenwirkungen ambulanter Verhaltenstherapie: Zusammenhänge mit Patientenmerkmalen, Therapeutenmerkmalen und der Therapiebeziehung
Authors: Grüneberger Anne , Einsle Franziska , Hoyer Jürgen , Strauß Bernhard , Linden Michael , Härtling Samia 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Empirische Daten zum Spektrum, zur Häufigkeit und zu Bedingungen unerwünschter Begleitwirkungen von Psychotherapien sind von großer Bedeutung für die Behandlungsplanung, -durchführung und Qualitätssicherung. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Erfassung und Beschreibung von unerwünschten Begleitwirkungen bei ambulanter Verhaltenstherapie sowie von deren Assoziationen mit Patienten-, Therapeuten- und Therapiemerkmalen.
Methode 70 konsekutive ambulante Psychotherapiepatienten wurden zur Vermeidung von Erinnerungsverzerrungen während ihrer laufenden Therapie mit dem Inventar zur Erfassung negativer Effekte von Psychotherapie (INEP) befragt. Weiterhin wurden Patientenmerkmale (Geschlecht, Alter, Schweregrad der Beeinträchtigung), Therapeutengeschlecht und die Therapiebeziehung erfasst.
Ergebnisse 84 % der Patienten gaben mind. eine subjektiv erlebte Nebenwirkung an (Range 1–13 Nebenwirkungen, MW=3,4, SD=3,43). Patientenalter, Art und Anzahl der Vorbehandlungen, sowie die Qualität der therapeutischen Beziehung waren mit der Häufigkeit negativer Therapiewirkungen assoziiert.
Schlussfolgerung Subjektive erlebte negative Therapiewirkungen in ambulanter Psychotherapie sind häufig und müssen in der Patientenaufklärung und in der Behandlung selbst angemessene Beachtung finden.
Performance of a fully disposable, digital, single-operator cholangiopancreatoscope
Authors: Shah Raj , Raijman Isaac , Brauer Brian , Gumustop Bora , Pleskow Douglas 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background and study aim Our aim was to evaluate the first use in humans of a new, single-use, digital, single-operator intraductal cholangiopancreatoscopy system (IDCP).
Patients and methods Data were collected retrospectively from four US institutions between February 2015 and April 2015. The visual impression of neoplasia or benign findings with IDCP was determined by the performing endoscopist. High grade dysplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, neuroendocrine tumor, and malignancy were categorized as neoplasia. Benign disease was defined as the absence of neoplasia during ≥ 6 months of follow-up.
Results Patients (n = 108) with indeterminate strictures, dilatation, or difficult stones underwent IDCP. Of 74 patients with indeterminate stricture or dilatation, 29 (39 %) had neoplasia, of which 25 were confirmed by miniature biopsy forceps, 2 by surgical pathology, and 2 by the presence of metastatic disease on follow-up imaging. In patients with benign disease, 15 had concentric stenosis or normal/erythematous changes, 5 had low papillary mucosal projections, 6 had coarse granular mucosa, and 4 had nodular mucosa. Findings in patients with neoplastic disease included dilated, tortuous vessels (“tumor vessels”; n = 13), irregular margins with partial occlusion of the lumen (infiltrative stricture, n = 12), villous or nodular mass (n = 9), and finger-like villiform projections (n = 5). Operating characteristics for indeterminate stricture or dilatation were: 97 % sensitivity, 93 % specificity, 90 % positive predictive value, 98 % negative predictive value. Targeted biopsy yielded 86 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity. Stone clearance was noted in all cases. Adverse events occurred in 3 %.
Conclusion The new IDCP system provides enhanced image resolution, and may improve the ability to target difficult stones and diagnose indeterminate strictures.
Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis of Hydrocephalus in Adults
Authors: Langner Sönke , Fleck Steffen , Baldauf Jörg , Mensel Birger , Kühn Jens , Kirsch Michael 
Published: May 2017

Purpose Hydrocephalus is caused by an imbalance of production and absorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or obstruction of its pathways, resulting in ventricular dilatation and increased intracranial pressure. Imaging plays a crucial role in the diagnosis, differential diagnosis and planning of treatment.
Methods This review article presents the different types of hydrocephalus und their typical imaging appearance, describes imaging techniques, and discusses differential diagnoses of the different forms of hydrocephalus.
Results and Conclusion Imaging plays a central role in the diagnosis of hydrocephalus. While magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the first-line imaging modality, computed tomography (CT) is often the first-line imaging test in emergency patients.
Key points
Citation Format
Antipsychotic Treatment of 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome-Related Psychoses
Authors: Angelopoulos Elias , Theleritis Christos , Economou Marina , Georgatou Korina , Papageorgiou Charalambos , Tsaltas Eleftheria 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the recent study by Verhoeven and Egger, 2015 and the recent letter to the editor by Boot et al. 2015 an emphasis is given to the best possible pharmacological treatment of 22q11-2 Deletion-Syndrome related psychoses. We would like to present the case of a 23-year old Cypriot patient with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome who fulfilled criteria for treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS). He was sequentially treated with aripiprazole, risperidone, olanzapine, haloperidol and a combination treatment with olanzapine and haloperidol. Clozapine was the only antipsychotic medication that has improved his condition.
Direct peroral cholangioscopy with a new anchoring technique using the guide probe of Kautz – first clinical experiences
Authors: Lenze Frank , Nowacki Tobias , Beyna Torsten , Ullerich Hansjoerg 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims We present the first clinical results of a new tandem technique for direct peroral cholangioscopy using a standard ultraslim upper gastrointestinal endoscope and a guide probe that was originally developed for the non-transendoscopic placement of biliary endoprostheses (guide probe of Kautz; MTW, Wesel, Germany).
Patients and methods Twenty direct peroral cholangioscopy procedures were performed with the new anchor-assisted method using the guide probe of Kautz in a single center and were retrospectively analyzed.
Results  Indications for anchor-assisted cholangioscopy procedures included indeterminate bile duct strictures (n = 14), filling defects that remained after stone extraction (n = 4), and complex stone extractions (n = 2). Biliary access and visualization of the target region were achieved in 18/20 procedures (90 %). The interventional success rate was 85 % (11 /13 interventions). One case of postinterventional cholangitis occurred (5 %), along with one case of minor peri-interventional papillary bleeding (5 %).
Conclusions The anchor-assisted cholangioscopy technique is feasible and safe for direct cholangioscopy and provides reliable success rates in clinical practice. This technique represents an alternative approach for direct cholangioscopy on a single-operator basis using standard endoscopes.
Dopaminergic modulation of basal ganglia output through coupled excitation–inhibition
Authors: Budzillo Agata , Duffy Alison , Miller Kimberly E. , Fairhall Adrienne L. , Perkel David J. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Trial-and-error learning requires variation in successive trials, but the source of such variability is unknown. We describe a unique striatal glutamatergic neuron in the zebra finch. This neuron exerts a potent, dopamine-regulated action on pallidal output neurons that modifies neuronal firing statistics in the circuit known to contribute to vocal variability. A simple model reveals how this microcircuit could be influenced by social context and striatal dopamine to switch between firing patterns that modify song variability essential for vocal learning.
Development of visual category selectivity in ventral visual cortex does not require visual experience
Authors: van den Hurk Job , Van Baelen Marc , Op de Beeck Hans P. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The brain’s ability to recognize visual categories is guided by category-selective ventral-temporal cortex (VTC). Whether visual experience is required for the functional organization of VTC into distinct functional subregions remains unknown, hampering our understanding of the mechanisms that drive category recognition. Here, we demonstrate that VTC in individuals who were blind since birth shows robust discriminatory responses to natural sounds representing different categories (faces, scenes, body parts, and objects). These activity patterns in the blind also could predict successfully which category was visually perceived by controls. The functional cortical layout in blind individuals showed remarkable similarity to the well-documented layout observed in sighted controls, suggesting that visual functional brain organization does not rely on visual input.
Essential information: Uncertainty and optimal control of Ebola outbreaks
Authors: Li Shou-Li , Bjørnstad Ottar N. , Ferrari Matthew J. , Mummah Riley , Runge Michael C. , Fonnesbeck Christopher J. , Tildesley Michael J. , Probert William J. M. , Shea Katriona 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceThe 2014 Ebola outbreak illustrates the complexities of decision making in the face of explosive epidemics; management interventions must be enacted, despite imperfect or missing information. The wide range in projected caseload generated attention as a source of uncertainty, but debate did not address whether uncertainty affected choice of action. By reevaluating 37 published models, we show that most models concur that reducing funeral transmission and reducing community transmission are robust and effective management actions to minimize projected caseload. Although models disagreed about absolute caseload, this measure has little relevance for evaluating candidate interventions. Our study highlights the importance of projecting the impact of interventions and is applicable to management of other epidemic outbreaks where rapid decision making is critical.
Emergent magnetism at transition-metal–nanocarbon interfaces
Authors: Al Ma’Mari Fatma , Rogers Matthew , Alghamdi Shoug , Moorsom Timothy , Lee Stephen , Prokscha Thomas , Luetkens Hubertus , Valvidares Manuel , Teobaldi Gilberto , Flokstra Machiel , Stewart Rhea , Gargiani Pierluigi , Ali Mannan , Burnell Gavin , Hickey B. J. , Cespedes Oscar 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Interfaces are critical in quantum physics, and therefore we must explore the potential for designer hybrid materials that profit from promising combinatory effects. In particular, the fine-tuning of spin polarization at metallo–organic interfaces opens a realm of possibilities, from the direct applications in molecular spintronics and thin-film magnetism to biomedical imaging or quantum computing. This interaction at the surface can control the spin polarization in magnetic field sensors, generate magnetization spin-filtering effects in nonmagnetic electrodes, or even give rise to a spontaneous spin ordering in nonmagnetic elements such as diamagnetic copper and paramagnetic manganese.
Regulation of the sperm calcium channel CatSper by endogenous steroids and plant triterpenoids
Authors: Mannowetz Nadja , Miller Melissa R. , Lishko Polina V. 
Published: May 2017

SignificanceThe calcium channel of sperm—CatSper—is vital for male fertility. CatSper is activated by the hormone progesterone, but its pharmacological profile is not well studied. By exploring steroid selectivity of CatSper activation, we found one additional agonist—pregnenolone sulfate—and the two plant-derived inhibitors pristimerin and lupeol. By averting sperm hyperactivation, both inhibitors can prevent fertilization, thus acting as contraceptive agents. Additionally, by exploring CatSper regulation by endogenous steroids, we explain why CatSper is silent within the male reproductive tract and is only activated in close proximity to the egg. Interestingly, both testosterone and hydrocortisone antagonize the action of progesterone at physiological concentrations, which may explain why elevated levels of these steroids in the female organism affect fertility.
Nonpeptide orexin type-2 receptor agonist ameliorates narcolepsy-cataplexy symptoms in mouse models
Authors: Irukayama-Tomobe Yoko , Ogawa Yasuhiro , Tominaga Hiromu , Ishikawa Yukiko , Hosokawa Naoto , Ambai Shinobu , Kawabe Yuki , Uchida Shuntaro , Nakajima Ryo , Saitoh Tsuyoshi , Kanda Takeshi , Vogt Kaspar , Sakurai Takeshi , Nagase Hiroshi , Yanagisawa Masashi 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Narcolepsy-cataplexy is a debilitating disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness (sleep attacks) and cataplexy, a sudden bilateral loss of muscle tone often triggered by emotion. The disease is caused by a selective loss of hypothalamic neurons producing the neuropeptide orexin. Currently, only symptomatic therapies are available for narcolepsy. Here, we examine the pharmacological effect of YNT-185, a nonpeptide, selective agonist for the orexin type-2 receptor in mouse models of narcolepsy-cataplexy. We show that peripheral administration of YNT-185 significantly ameliorates the narcolepsy symptoms in model mice, providing a proof-of-concept for the mechanistic treatment of narcolepsy with orexin receptor agonists. YNT-185 also promotes wakefulness in wild-type mice, suggesting that orexin receptor agonists may be useful for treating sleepiness due to other causes.
Thiophene antibacterials that allosterically stabilize DNA-cleavage complexes with DNA gyrase
Authors: Chan Pan F. , Germe Thomas , Bax Benjamin D. , Huang Jianzhong , Thalji Reema K. , Bacqué Eric , Checchia Anna , Chen Dongzhao , Cui Haifeng , Ding Xiao , Ingraham Karen , McCloskey Lynn , Raha Kaushik , Srikannathasan Velupillai , Maxwell Anthony , Stavenger Robert A. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria constitutes a significant unmet medical need. Fluoroquinolone antibiotics have been compromised by resistance mutations in their targets: DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Using biochemical and genetic techniques, we have identified and characterized a class of antibacterials which transforms DNA gyrase into toxic DNA-cleavage complexes, similar to fluoroquinolones, but with a distinct mechanism of action. X-ray crystallography shows that the inhibitors access a previously unexploited pocket in gyrase, leading to their activity against fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria and providing a strategy to target bacterial topoisomerases.
Identification of XAF1–MT2A mutual antagonism as a molecular switch in cell-fate decisions under stressful conditions
Authors: Shin Cheol-Hee , Lee Min-Goo , Han Jikhyon , Jeong Seong-In , Ryu Byung-Kyu , Chi Sung-Gil 
Published: May 2017

Significance
Epigenetic inactivation of XAF1 tumor suppressor is frequently observed in multiple human cancers. However, the mechanisms underlying its function remain largely undefined. Here, we present evidence that XAF1 plays a critical role in cell-fate decisions under heavy-metal–induced stress conditions through the mutual antagonism with MT2A. XAF1 is activated as a transcription target of MTF-1 and destabilizes MT2A through the interaction-directed lysosomal degradation, whereas it is destabilized by MT2A under cytostatic stress conditions. XAF1-mediated MT2A inactivation leads to elevation of free intracellular zinc level and up- and down-regulates p53 and XIAP, respectively, to promote apoptosis. XAF1–MT2A antagonism thus represents one critical regulator of cell-fate decisions, suggesting that it could be an attractive target for the therapeutic intervention of tumor progression.
Parallel memory traces are built after an experience containing aversive and appetitive components in the crab
Neohelice
Authors: Klappenbach Martín , Nally Ayelén , Locatelli Fernando Federico 
Published: May 2017

Significance
In nature, animals are exposed to complex situations in which actions and stimuli predict appetitive and aversive consequences at the same time. To study memory formation after a learning episode that represents such real-life experience, we trained crabs in a context in which they found food while they were also threatened by a danger stimulus. We found that crabs build separate appetitive and aversive memories that compete during retrieval. Which memory is expressed depends on the strength of the unconditioned stimuli during training but also on the motivational state of the animal during retrieval. The results support that appetitive and aversive memories acquired during experience are independently stored to be used according to particular requirements during retrieval.
Quantitative assessment of passive electrical properties of the cardiac T-tubular system by FRAP microscopy
Authors: Scardigli M. , Crocini C. , Ferrantini C. , Gabbrielli T. , Silvestri L. , Coppini R. , Tesi C. , Rog-Zielinska E. A. , Kohl P. , Cerbai E. , Poggesi C. , Pavone F. S. , Sacconi L. 
Published: May 2017

Significance
The homogenous propagation of the action potential in cardiac cells is guaranteed by a complex network of membrane invaginations called the T-tubular system. In cardiac diseases, T-tubules may show electrical defects that can compromise cell function. Here, we investigate the diffusional properties of fluorescent probes inside T-tubules to predict electrical conductivity of the tubular network. We apply this method to detecting alterations of T-tubule conductivity in a pathological setting characterized by compromised T-tubule integrity. We found that in heart failure, T-tubule conductivity is significantly reduced compared with healthy cardiac cells. A reduction in conductivity can impair the propagation of action potential across the network and may explain the presence of conduction defects found at the single tubular level.