bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preoperative CT‐angiography in autologous breast reconstruction
Authors: Vargas Christina R. , Koolen Pieter G.L. , Ho Olivia A. , Tobias Adam M. , Lin Samuel J. , Lee Bernard T. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundCT‐angiography (CTA) has been introduced as a means of evaluating arterial anatomy and vascular integrity prior to free autologous breast reconstruction. There is limited published data, however, regarding the incidence, indications, and impact of preoperative CTA (pCTA) on procedural and flap outcomes.MethodsRetrospective review was performed of all autologous microsurgical breast reconstruction procedures at a single academic center between January 2004 and July 2014. Univariate analysis of patient, procedural, and flap characteristics was performed and a logistic regression model was configured to assess for factors associated with ischemia‐related complications.ResultsThere were 1,110 microsurgical flap reconstructions performed in 778 patients by 3 surgeons at our institution during the study period. Overall, 11.4% of patients underwent pCTA; frequency increased from 0 to 35.7%. Patients who underwent pCTA had significantly higher body mass index (P = 0.041), and more coronary artery disease (P = 0.022), prior abdominal surgery (P = 0.004), and bilateral reconstruction (P = 0.015). No statistically significant difference between groups was found with respect to flap characteristics or operative time. Multivariate analysis revealed that although pCTA was associated with a lower incidence of ischemia‐related complications (complete or partial flap loss or fat necrosis) (OR, 0.57, 95% CI, 0.32 to 1.02), this did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.058).ConclusionsUse of pCTA has increased dramatically at our institution since it was first incorporated into the reconstructive surgical planning process in 2008. Given the expense, radiation exposure, and borderline impact on ischemia‐related flap complications, surgeons should selectively consider pCTA as an adjunct to their surgical planning algorithm. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 36:623–627, 2016.
Nerve biopsy in Indian patients with mononeuropathy multiplex of undetermined etiology
Authors: Kulshreshtha Dinkar , Malhotra Kiran Preet , Maurya Pradeep Kumar , Singh Ajai Kumar , Thacker Anup Kumar , Husain Nuzhat 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionA diagnosis of mononeuropathy multiplex (MM) requires detailed evaluation to determine etiology. We performed nerve biopsy on patients with MM in whom the etiology could not be established via other investigations. Methods: Sixty‐eight patients with MM seen between January 2013 and June 2014 underwent detailed diagnostic evaluation. Those in whom the investigations failed to establish an etiology underwent nerve biopsy. Results: A diagnosis of leprosy was confirmed in 14 patients and was highly probable in 17 others. Eleven patients had vasculitic neuropathy, and in 1 patient there were amyloid deposits on nerve biopsy. Conclusions: In 43 of 68 Indian patients (63%) with MM, nerve biopsy identified a definite (26 patients) or probable (17 patients) etiology. Nerve biopsy is a valuable investigation in MM that frequently results in a diagnosis of leprosy in India. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 23–27, 2017
Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp: a rare kind of benign polyp to be cured with endoscopic and/or surgical removal
Authors: Özgenel Şafak Meriç , Temel Tuncer , Yılmaz Evrim , Tokmak Salih , Özakyol Ayşegül 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background Inflammatory cloacogenic polyp is a very rare kind of benign polyp which occurs in the anal transitional zone and lower rectum. These polyps arise in association with various conditions (e.g., internal hemorrhoids, diverticulosis, colorectal tumors, and Crohn's disease) in which mucosal injury is the underlying pathogenic mechanism.
Case report A 24-year-old male patient applied to emergency department with bloody defecation for a month. A polyp that is 1.5 cm in size had been observed at rectum and anal verge junction during colonoscopy, pathological diagnosis was inflammatory cloacogenic polyp. Thereupon, colonoscopic polypectomy was performed as the malignant transformation possibility.
Conclusion Polyps of the anorectal junction with inflammatory appearance might be inflammatory cloacogenic polyps with malignant transformation potential that must be treated by endoscopic removal or surgery and followed up routinely with colonoscopic surveillance.
Air temperature distribution and energy-balance modelling of a debris-covered glacier
Authors: SHAW THOMAS E. , BROCK BEN W. , FYFFE CATRIONA L. , PELLICCIOTTI FRANCESCA , RUTTER NICK , DIOTRI FABRIZIO 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTNear-surface air temperature is an important determinant of the surface energy balance of glaciers and is often represented by a constant linear temperature gradients (TGs) in models. Spatio-temporal variability in 2 m air temperature was measured across the debris-covered Miage Glacier, Italy, over an 89 d period during the 2014 ablation season using a network of 19 stations. Air temperature was found to be strongly dependent upon elevation for most stations, even under varying meteorological conditions and at different times of day, and its spatial variability was well explained by a locally derived mean linear TG (MG–TG) of −0.0088°C m−1. However, local temperature depressions occurred over areas of very thin or patchy debris cover. The MG–TG, together with other air TGs, extrapolated from both on- and off-glacier sites, were applied in a distributed energy-balance model. Compared with piecewise air temperature extrapolation from all on-glacier stations, modelled ablation, using the MG–TG, increased by <1%, increasing to >4% using the environmental ‘lapse rate’. Ice melt under thick debris was relatively insensitive to air temperature, while the effects of different temperature extrapolation methods were strongest at high elevation sites of thin and patchy debris cover.
Reexamination of Yuknessia from the Cambrian of China and first report of Fuxianospira from North America
Authors: LoDuca Steven T. , Wu Mengyin , Zhao Yuanlong , Xiao Shuhai , Schiffbauer James D. , Caron Jean-Bernard , Babcock Loren E. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractYuknessia Walcott, 1919 recently was transferred from the green algae to the Phylum Hemichordata on the basis of new details observed for the type species, Y. simplex, from the Burgess Shale Formation (Cambrian Stage 5) of British Columbia. This has prompted reexamination of material attributed to Yuknessia from various Cambrian localities in South China. Findings preclude both a Yuknessia and a hemichordate affinity for all of the Chinese study material, and most of this material is formally transferred to Fuxianospira Chen and Zhou, 1997, a taxon common in the Chengjiang biota. Comparable material from the Cambrian Marjum, Wheeler, and Burgess Shale formations of North America is also assigned to Fuxianospira, and this reassignment expands both the paleogeographic and stratigraphic range of this taxon. All aspects of the study specimens, including details obtained from scanning electron microscopy, are consistent with an algal affinity, as proposed in the original descriptions of the Chinese material.
The early Cambrian tommotiidKulparina rostratafrom South Australia
Authors: Skovsted Christian B. , Brock Glenn A. , Holmer Lars E. , Topper Timothy P. , Larsson Cecilia M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe early Cambrian (Terreneuvian, Stage 2) tommotiidKulparina rostrataConway Morris and Bengtson in Bengtson et al., 1990 is revised. The pyramidal sclerites ofK. rostrataare shown to be bilaterally symmetrical and homologues of the symmetrical S1 sclerites ofPaterimitra pyramidalisLaurie, 1986. The scleritome ofK. rostratais also shown to include flattened asymmetrical sclerites that were originally described under the nameEccentrotheca guanoBengtson in Bengtson et al., 1990 and which correspond to the L-sclerites ofPaterimitra. A modified tubular scleritome and a sessile filter-feeding mode of life is envisaged forKulparina rostrata.
Clues on the first stars from CEMP-no stars
Authors: Choplin Arthur , Meynet Georges , Maeder André , Hirschi Raphael , Ekström Sylvia , Chiappini Cristina 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe material used to form the CEMP-no stars presents signatures of processing by the CNO cycle and by He-burning from a previous stellar generation called spinstars. We compare the composition of the ejecta (wind + supernova) of a spinstar model to observed abundances of CEMP-no stars. We show that observed abundances as well as the isotope ratio12C/13C may be reproduced by the spinstar ejecta if we assume different mass cuts when adding the supernova material to the wind ejecta.
Morphology and Structures of Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
Authors: Seo Mira , Ann H. B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe applied GALFIT and STARLIGHT to the r-band images and spectra, respectively, of ~1,100 dwarf galaxies to analyze the structural properties and stellar populations. In most cases, single component with n = 1 ~ 1.5 well describes the luminosity distribution of dwarf galaxies. However, a large fraction of dS0, dEbc, and dEblue galaxies show sub-structures such as spiral arms and rings. There is a bimodal distributions of stellar ages in dS0 galaxies. But other sub-types of dwarf galaxies show a single peak in the stellar distributions.
Discovery of new dwarf galaxies around NGC4631 with Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam
Authors: Tanaka Mikito , Chiba Masashi , Komiyama Yutaka 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe have observed on-going interacting galaxies (NGC4631 and NGC4656) using Subaru/Hyper Suprime-Cam and reduced the data using HSC pipeline and conducted photometry based on DAOphot. Then, we have detected 8 new dwarf galaxy candidates in the outer region of NGC4631 and confirmed the three candidates previously reported by Karachentsev et al. 2014. The 3 or 4 candidates detected in this study may be a star-forming dwarf irregular galaxy and the other 7 candidates may be an old dwarf spheroidal galaxy based on these stellar populations. It looks like that the effective radius - absolute magnitude relation of dwarf galaxies in NGC4631 group is similar to the relation of the Local Group and the other galaxy systems.
Direct imaging of haloes and truncations in face-on nearby galaxies
Authors: Knapen J. H. , Peters S. P. C. , van der Kruit P. C. , Trujillo I. , Fliri J. , Cisternas M. , Kelvin L. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe use ultra-deep imaging from the IAC Stripe 82 Legacy Project to study the surface photometry of 22 nearby, face-on to moderately inclined spiral galaxies. The reprocessed and co-added SDSS/Stripe 82 imaging allows us to probe down to 29–30 r′-mag/arcsec2 and thus reach into the very faint outskirts of the galaxies. We find extended stellar haloes in over half of our sample galaxies, and truncations in three of them. The presence of stellar haloes and truncations is mutually exclusive, and we argue that the presence of a stellar halo can hide a truncation. We find that the onset of the halo and the truncation scales tightly with galaxy size. We highlight the importance of a proper analysis of the extended wings of the point spread function (PSF), finding that around half the light at the faintest levels is from the inner regions of a galaxy, though not the nucleus, re-distributed to the outskirts by the PSF. We discuss implications of this effect for future deep imaging surveys, such as with the LSST.
Proper-Motion Based Kinematics Study of Galactic RR Lyraes
Authors: Dambis Andrei K. , Berdnikov Leonid N. , Rastorguev Alexei S. , Zabolotskikh Marina V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe use the UCAC4 and SDSS proper motions of about 7500 RR Lyrae type variables located within ~10 kpc from the Sun to study the dependence of their velocity ellipsoid on Galactocentric distance in the RG = 3–17 kpc interval. The radial velocity dispersion, σVR, decreases from ~190 km/s at RG = 3.5–5.5 kpc down to ~100 km/s at RG = 13–15 kpc, and the σVT/σVR ratio remains virtually constant (σVT/σVR ~0.54–0.64) in the Galactocentric distance interval from RG = 4.5 kpc to RG = 10.5 kpc increasing to ~0.9 both toward the Galactic center and beyond RG = 11 kpc.
The Stellar Age-Teff-Kinematical Asymmetry in the Solar Neighborhood from LAMOST
Authors: Tian H. J. , Liu C. , Carlin J. L. , Zhao Y. H. , Chen X. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWith the velocity de-projection technique, we derived the averaged 3 dimensional local velocity distribution using only the line-of-sight velocity for the 200,000 FGK type main-sequence stars from the LAMOST DR1 data. Taking the effective temperature as a proxy for age, we investigate the variation of the velocity distribution as a function of Teff and disk height within 100 < |z| < 500 pc. Using the mean velocities of the cool stars, we derive the solar motion of (U⊙, V⊙, W⊙)=(9.58±2.39, 10.52±1.96, 7.01±1.67) kms−1 with respect to the local standard of rest (LSR). Moreover, we find that the stars with Teff > 6000 K show a net asymmetric motion of 〈U〉~2 kms−1 and 〈W〉~3 kms−1 compared to the stars with Teff < 6000 K. And their azimuthal velocity increases when |z| increases. The asymmetric motion in the warmer stars is likely because they are too young and not completely relaxed.
Formation and evolution of sub-galactic structures in a cosmological context
Authors: Chun Kyungwon , Shin Jihye , Kim Sungsoo S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this study, we aim to trace formation of the primordial globular cluster, ultra faint dwarf galaxy, and ultra compact dwarf in a cosmological context of a high-resolution hydrodynamic zoom-in simulation. We show that the baryon-dominated systems have experienced more interactions with the mini halos before infalling to the main halo.
What can isolated elliptical galaxies tell us about Cold Dark Matter?
Authors: Lane Richard R. , Richtler Tom , Salinas Ricardo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDue to their environment isolated elliptical galaxies (IEs) should not be undergoing extant evolutionary processes yet many IEs have interacting dwarf companions, and where no merger remnants are visible IEs are often dynamically young. Furthermore, some IEs do not require dark matter to explain their dynamics. However, according to Cold Dark Matter (CDM) simulations all elliptical galaxies should be dark matter dominated, even if isolated, and IEs are much rarer in nature than predicted by CDM. Moreover, merging at the ~107 M⊙ level was recently discovered in the M31 system, showing that hierarchical merging may indeed be scale-free, as predicted by CDM. It seems a natural question to ask: what can IEs tell us about CDM? Here we analyse several IEs as probes of CDM. Our results spawn many new questions.
Metallicity Gradients in the Halos of Elliptical Galaxies
Authors: Greene Jenny E. , Ma Chung-Pei , Goulding Andrew , McConnell Nicholas J. , Blakeslee John P. , Davis Timothy , Thomas Jens 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe discuss the stellar halos of massive elliptical galaxies, as revealed by our ambitious integral-field spectroscopic survey MASSIVE. We show that metallicity drops smoothly as a function of radius out to ~ 2.5 Re, while the [α/Fe] abundance ratios stay flat. The stars in the outskirts likely formed rapidly (to explain the high ratio of alpha to Fe) but in a relatively shallow potential (to explain the low metallicities). This is consistent with expectations for a two-phase growth of massive galaxies, in which the second phase involves accretion of small satellites. We also show some preliminary study of the gas content of these most MASSIVE galaxies.
The Milky Way, the Galactic Halo, and the Halos of Galaxies
Authors: Gerhard Ortwin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Milky Way, “our” Galaxy, is currently the subject of intense study with many ground-based surveys, in anticipation of upcoming results from the Gaia mission. From this work we have been learning about the full three-dimensional structure of the Galactic box/peanut bulge, the distribution of stars in the bar and disk, and the many streams and substructures in the Galactic halo. The data indicate that a large fraction of the Galactic halo has been accreted from outside. Similarly, in many external galaxy halos there is now evidence for tidal streams and accretion of satellites. To study these features requires exquisite, deep photometry and spectroscopy. These observations illustrate how galaxy halos are still growing, and sometimes can be used to “time” the accretion events. In comparison with cosmological simulations, the structure of galaxy halos gives us a vivid illustration of the hierarchical nature of our Universe.
Chemical-sensitive graphene modulator with a memory effect for internet-of-things applications
Authors: Huang Haiyu , Tao Li , Liu Fei , Ji Li , Hu Ye , Cheng Mark Ming-Cheng , Chen Pai-Yen , Akinwande Deji 
Published: May 2016

AbstractModern internet of things (IoTs) and ubiquitous sensor networks could potentially take advantage of chemically sensitive nanomaterials and nanostructures. However, their heterogeneous integration with other electronic modules on a networked sensor node, such as silicon-based modulators and memories, is inherently challenging because of compatibility and integration issues. Here we report a novel paradigm for sensing modulators: a graphene field-effect transistor device that directly modulates a radio frequency (RF) electrical carrier signal when exposed to chemical agents, with a memory effect in its electrochemical history. We demonstrated the concept and implementation of this graphene-based sensing modulator through a frequency-modulation (FM) experiment conducted in a modulation cycle consisting of alternating phases of air exposure and ethanol or water treatment. In addition, we observed an analog memory effect in terms of the charge neutrality point of the graphene, Vcnp, which strongly influences the FM results, and developed a calibration method using electrochemical gate-voltage pulse sequences. This graphene-based multifunctional device shows great potential for use in a simple, low-cost, and ultracompact nanomaterial-based nodal architecture to enable continuous, real-time event-based monitoring in pervasive healthcare IoTs, ubiquitous security systems, and other chemical/molecular/gas monitoring applications.
Multimodal two-photon imaging using a second harmonic generation-specific dye
Authors: Nuriya Mutsuo , Fukushima Shun , Momotake Atsuya , Shinotsuka Takanori , Yasui Masato , Arai Tatsuo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSecond harmonic generation (SHG) imaging can be used to visualize unique biological phenomena, but currently available dyes limit its application owing to the strong fluorescent signals that they generate together with SHG. Here we report the first non-fluorescent and membrane potential-sensitive SHG-active organic dye Ap3. Ap3 is photostable and generates SH signals at the plasma membrane with virtually no fluorescent signals, in sharp contrast to the previously used fluorescent dye FM4-64. When tested in neurons, Ap3-SHG shows linear membrane potential sensitivity and fast responses to action potentials, and also shows significantly reduced photodamage compared with FM4-64. The SHG-specific nature of Ap3 allows simultaneous and completely independent imaging of SHG signals and fluorescent signals from various reporter molecules, including markers of cellular organelles and intracellular calcium. Therefore, this SHG-specific dye enables true multimodal two-photon imaging in biological samples.
p53-dependent SIRT6 expression protects Aβ42-induced DNA damage
Authors: Jung Eun Sun , Choi Hyunjung , Song Hyundong , Hwang Yu Jin , Kim Ahbin , Ryu Hoon , Mook-Jung Inhee 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and age-related neurodegenerative disease. Elucidating the cellular changes that occur during ageing is an important step towards understanding the pathogenesis and progression of neurodegenerative disorders. SIRT6 is a member of the mammalian sirtuin family of anti-aging genes. However, the relationship between SIRT6 and AD has not yet been elucidated. Here, we report that SIRT6 protein expression levels are reduced in the brains of both the 5XFAD AD mouse model and AD patients. Aβ42, a major component of senile plaques, decreases SIRT6 expression, and Aβ42-induced DNA damage is prevented by the overexpression of SIRT6 in HT22 mouse hippocampal neurons. Also, there is a strong negative correlation between Aβ42-induced DNA damage and p53 levels, a protein involved in DNA repair and apoptosis. In addition, upregulation of p53 protein by Nutlin-3 prevents SIRT6 reduction and DNA damage induced by Aβ42. Taken together, this study reveals that p53-dependent SIRT6 expression protects cells from Aβ42-induced DNA damage, making SIRT6 a promising new therapeutic target for the treatment of AD.
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with a higher BMD in middle-aged and elderly Chinese
Authors: Chen Geng-dong , Dong Xiao-wei , Zhu Ying-Ying , Tian Hui-yuan , He Juan , Chen Yu-ming 
Published: May 2016

AbstractPrevious studies showed that better adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with lower risk of chronic diseases, but limited data are available on bone health. We investigated the association of the MD with bone mineral density (BMD) in Chinese adults. We included 2371 participants aged 40–75 years in this community-based cross-sectional study. Dietary information was assessed at baseline and a 3-year follow-up. Alternate Mediterranean diet (aMed) scores were calculated. BMD was determined at the second survey. After adjusting for potential covariates, higher aMed scores were positively and dose-dependently associated with BMD (all P-trends < 0.05). The BMD values were 1.94% (whole body), 3.01% (lumbar spine), 2.80% (total hip), 2.81% (femur neck), 2.62% (trochanter) and 2.85% (intertrochanter) higher in the quintile 5 (highest, vs. quintile 1) aMed scores for all of the subjects (all P-values < 0.05). Similar associations were found after stratifying by gender (P-interaction = 0.338–0.968). After excluding the five non-significant components of vegetables, legumes, fish, monounsaturated to saturated fat ratio and alcohol intake from the aMed scores, the percentage mean differences were substantially increased by 69.1–150% between the extreme quintiles. In conclusion, increased adherence to the MD shows protective associations with BMD in Chinese adults.
Etiology matters – Genomic DNA Methylation Patterns in Three Rat Models of Acquired Epilepsy
Authors: Dębski Konrad J. , Pitkanen Asla , Puhakka Noora , Bot Anna M. , Khurana Ishant , Harikrishnan KN , Ziemann Mark , Kaspi Antony , El-Osta Assam , Lukasiuk Katarzyna , Kobow Katja 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis study tested the hypothesis that acquired epileptogenesis is accompanied by DNA methylation changes independent of etiology. We investigated DNA methylation and gene expression in the hippocampal CA3/dentate gyrus fields at 3 months following epileptogenic injury in three experimental models of epilepsy: focal amygdala stimulation, systemic pilocarpine injection, or lateral fluid-percussion induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. In the models studies, DNA methylation and gene expression profiles distinguished controls from injured animals. We observed consistent increased methylation in gene bodies and hypomethylation at non-genic regions. We did not find a common methylation signature in all three different models and few regions common to any two models. Our data provide evidence that genome-wide alteration of DNA methylation signatures is a general pathomechanism associated with epileptogenesis and epilepsy in experimental animal models, but the broad pathophysiological differences between models (i.e. pilocarpine, amygdala stimulation and post-TBI) are reflected in distinct etiology-dependent DNA methylation patterns.