bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Libraries and democratization
Authors: Al-Suqri Mohammed Nasser , AlKindi Salim Said , Saleem Naifa Eid 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This theoretical paper aims to draw on existing literature to examine the case for libraries to play a key role in the democratization of Oman. This paper is intended to provide foundation for further empirical research to develop a proposed future strategy for Oman’s library sector that will help facilitate the future political and economic transition of the Sultanate.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a theoretical study that draws on existing literature to examine the case for libraries to play a key role in the democratization of Oman.

Findings
There are four main ways in which public libraries support democratization are identified and discussed: providing access to information, ensuring inclusivity of knowledge, forming a community hub for interaction and dialogue and promoting social inclusion through internet access.

Originality/value
As Oman undergoes political and economic transition, this study and the follow-on empirical research will be highly significant in ensuring that the expansion of democratic processes in Oman proceeds peacefully and that the Sultanate provides a best practice model for Islamic democracy within the Gulf Cooperation Council region and globally.
The effects of sociocultural factors on the information ethics of undergraduate students
Authors: Al-Nuaimi Mariam , Al-Aufi Ali , Bouazza Abdelmajid 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to evaluate the literature dealing with the sociocultural influences on undergraduate students’ information ethics (IE) cognition and behaviour. Much of the reviewed literature draws on the experiences of countries that differ in terms of cultural and economic aspects.

Design/methodology/approach
This structured review uses an integrative approach to synthesize the existing literature relevant to the factors in question. Correspondingly, limitations, agreements and disagreements within the relevant literature are indicated. A set of relevance criteria is developed, and analytical information for each study is then organized and summarized into aggregate findings.

Findings
Despite the significant explanatory power of the reciprocal correlation between individualism and economic wealth to predict declines in unethical information practices, IE studies persist in producing inconsistent findings in this regard. Thus, further facets of cross-cultural differences should be addressed beyond the individualistic/collectivistic typology.

Originality/value
This paper has pedagogical worth for students, researchers and developers of IE educational programs at the tertiary level. It also possesses methodological value for studying the sociocultural effects on the IE behaviour of computing professionals within the broader context of global IE research.
A unanimous trajectory calibration framework based on anchors in inertial pedestrian positioning
Authors: Gu Yang , Song Qian , Ma Ming , Li Yanghuan , Zhou Zhimin 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
Aiding information is frequently adopted to calibrate the errors from inertia-generated trajectories in pedestrian positioning. However, existing calibration methods lack interior connections and unanimity, making it difficult to incorporate multiple sources of aiding information. This paper aims to propose a unanimous anchor-based trajectory calibration framework, which is expandable to encompass different types of anchor information.

Design/methodology/approach
The concept of anchors is introduced to represent different types of aiding information, which are, in essence, different constraint conditions on inertia-derived raw trajectories. The foundation of the framework is a particle filter which is implemented based on various particle weight updating strategies using diverse types of anchor information. Herein, three representative anchors are chosen to elaborate and validate the proposed framework, namely, ultra-wide-band (UWB) ranging anchors, iBeacons and the building structure-based virtual anchors.

Findings
In the simulations, with the particle reweighting strategies of the proposed framework, the positioning errors can be compensated. In the experimental test in an office building in which three anchors, including one UWB anchor, one iBeacon and one building structure-based virtual anchor are deployed; the final positioning error is decreased from 1.9 to 1.2 m; and the heading error is reduced from about 21° to 7°, respectively.

Originality/value
Herein, an anchor-based unanimous trajectory calibration framework for inertial pedestrian positioning is proposed. This framework is applicable to the schemes with different configurations of the anchors and can be expanded to adopt as much anchor information as possible.
Dynamic characteristics of resonant vibratory gyroscopes based on the damped Mathieu equation
Authors: Li Yan , Qu Yuanyuan , Zhang Yunjiu , Li Qingling 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to develop resonant vibratory gyroscopes for high sensitive detection. The dynamic characteristics of resonant vibratory gyroscopes are investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
Firstly, the working principle and the dynamic output characteristics of the resonant vibratory gyroscope could be described by the damped Mathieu equation. Moreover, an approximate analytical method based on the small parameter perturbation has been used for the purpose of investigating the approximate solution of the damped Mathieu equation. Finally, to verify the feasibility of the approximate analytical method of the damped Mathieu equation, dynamic output characteristics’ experiments of the resonant vibratory gyroscope are built.

Findings
The theoretical analysis and numerical simulations show that the approximate solution of the damped Mathieu equation is close to the dynamic output characteristics of the resonant vibratory gyroscope. On the other hand, it is concluded from the tested result that there exists a correlation between the theoretical curve and the experimental data processing result, meaning the damped dynamics analytical method is effective in building resonant vibratory gyroscopes.

Originality/value
This paper seeks to establish a foundation for optimizing and testing the performance of the resonant vibratory gyroscope. To this end, the approximate analytical method of the damped Mathieu equation was discussed. The result of this research has proved that the dynamic characteristics based on the damped Mathieu equation is an effective approach and is instructional in the practical resonant sensor design.
Payment Performance and Residency Discounts in the Rental Housing Market
Authors: Kim Kyoochul 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPrevious literature on rental housing has studied length of residence discounts by concentrating on turnover cost. I present an analysis of the impact of tenant payment performances on landlord rent setting. First, I establish and simulate a landlord's dynamic optimal rent setting model in light of the tenant's previous rent payment performance. Under some environments, simulation results show an interesting outcome, landlords give rental discount to tenants who had late rent payments. I then use Experian RentBureau data to estimate the relationship between payment history and rent, and find that late payers received subsequent rent discounts during the housing market's expansion period (2002–2007) while payment performance has less or no influence on rent setting after the subprime mortgage crisis. These results are predicted by the simulations of the theoretical model.
Natural Occurrence of Aldol Condensation Products in Valencia Orange Oil
Authors: Abreu Ingo , Da Costa Neil C. , van Es Alfred , Kim Jung‐A , Parasar Uma , Poulsen Mauricio L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCold pressed orange oils contain predominantly d‐limonene (approximately 95%) and various other lower concentration monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sinensals plus 3 key aliphatic aldehydes: hexanal, octanal. and decanal. The aldol self‐condensation products or “dimers” for each aldehyde have been postulated as being present at low concentrations in the oil. However, to date only the hexanal dimer has been previously reported. In this paper, cold pressed Valencia orange oil was fractionally distilled/folded and analyzed by GC and high resolution GC‐MS to detect these compounds on 2 different capillary column phases. Subsequently the hexanal, octanal, and decanal self‐aldol condensation products, 2‐butyl‐2‐octenal, 2‐hexyl‐2‐decenal, and 2‐octyl‐2‐dodecenal, respectively, were detected in the folded oil. These predominantly trans configuration isomeric compounds were synthesized, to confirm them as being present in nature and evaluated organoleptically by a panel of evaluators. To further confirm the mechanism of their formation, the enriched oil was made into a simple beverage to show the effect on the formation of these aldol compounds under acidic conditions. Finally aliphatic aldehydes from hexanal to undecanal were reacted together in various combinatorial pairs to give an additional 33 self and mixed aldol condensation products, some of which were also detected in the folded oil.Practical ApplicationThis paper discloses the structural elucidation and synthesis of 8 novel aldol condensation products found at trace concentrations in citrus and leading to a further 31 mass spectrally determined aldol products. Sensory evaluations and application of some of these components were demonstrated in a model citrus beverage.
Radiofrequency Heating for Enhancing Microbial Safety of Shell Eggs Immersed in Deionized Water
Authors: Lau Soon Kiat , Thippareddi Harshavardhan , Subbiah Jeyamkondan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRadiofrequency (RF) heating was simulated for improving the microbial safety of a shell egg immersed in deionized water using a finite element model. A regression equation that relates the top electrode voltage to the gap between the electrodes and vertical position of the egg was also developed. The root mean squared errors between the simulation and validation results ranged from 0.76 to 2.86 °C. Concentrated heating occurred in the yolk in all the investigated configurations, with some configurations reaching close to 60 °C in the yolk after 20 min of RF heating. The cooling effect of the water along with lower electric field intensity in the egg caused the focused heating in the yolk. Extrapolation of the model revealed that a scaled‐up RF heating process (10.5 kV at top electrode) followed by a hot water immersion process can achieve a minimum of 3 log reductions of Salmonella in the yolk within 37 min.Practical ApplicationRadiofrequency (RF) heating with the assistance of deionized water was shown to have the potential of improving the microbial safety of shell eggs. The validated model results revealed that this effect was due to a combination of focused heating and surface cooling.
The Effect of Regulation on the Timeliness and Informational Role of Earnings Announcements
Authors: Pawlewicz Robert 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper examines the effect of regulations (i.e., the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act and Regulation G) on both the timing of earnings announcements and their relative informational role. I find that after the regulation of earnings announcements was instituted, firms began issuing less timely earnings announcements, and those announcements have become more important for shareholders. Ceteris paribus, after the regulations, firms have disclosed their fiscal year‐end announcements more than four days later than they had prior to regulatory changes. My results are robust to sensitivity analyses that control for concurrent earnings announcement disclosures and other changes instituted by the Sarbanes‐Oxley Act. Further, I find evidence suggesting that the relative informational role of earnings announcements has increased significantly in the post‐regulation period. This study highlights a shift in both the timeliness and investor perceptions of earnings announcements spurred by the implementation of regulatory oversight, indicating a trade‐off of timeliness for relevance.
Differentiation and characterization of rat adipose tissue mesenchymal stem cells into endothelial‐like cells
Authors: Cannella V. , Piccione G. , Altomare R. , Marino A. , Di Marco P. , Russotto L. , Di Bella S. , Purpari G. , Gucciardi F. , Cassata G. , Damiano G. , Palumbo V. D. , Santoro A. , Russo Lacerna C. , Lo Monte A. I. , Guercio A. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryIn this study, mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from rat adipose tissue (AD‐MSCs) to characterize and differentiate them into endothelial‐like cells. AD‐MSCs were isolated by mechanical and enzymatic treatments, and their identity was verified by colony‐forming units (CFU) test and by differentiation into cells of mesodermal lineages. The endothelial differentiation was induced by plating another aliquot of cells in EGM‐2 medium, enriched with specific endothelial growth factors. Five subcultures were performed. The expression of stemness genes (OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG) was investigated. The presence of CD90 and the absence of the CD45 were evaluated by flow cytometry. The endothelial‐like cells were characterized by the evaluation of morphological changes and gene expression analysis for endothelial markers (CD31, CD144, CD146). Characterization of AD‐MSCs showed their ability to form clones, to differentiate in vitro and the OCT‐4, SOX‐2, NANOG genes expression. Immunophenotypic characterization showed the CD90 presence and the CD45 absence. The endothelial‐like cells showed morphological changes, the expression of CD31, CD144, CD146 genes and the presence of CD31 membrane receptor. Matrigel assay showed their ability to form network and vessels‐like structures. This study lays the foundations for future evaluation of the potential AD‐MSCs pro‐angiogenic and therapeutic role.
The management of dysplastic naevi: a survey of Australian dermatologists
Authors: Wall Nerilee , De'Ambrosis Brian , Muir Jim 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThe management of dysplastic naevi based on histopathological grading is a contentious issue. Comprehensive management guidelines are lacking and the approach taken varies between clinicians. The authors sought to understand how Australian dermatologists approach the management of biopsy‐proven dysplastic naevi, and the impact of grading of dysplasia upon this management.MethodsIn total, 547 Fellows of the Australasian College of Dermatologists were surveyed and 218 responses were collected (40% response rate).ResultsAlthough all dermatologists surveyed would re‐excise an incompletely removed severely dysplastic naevus, opinion was divided over whether to treat such a lesion as an in situ melanoma or a dysplastic naevus, with 55% of respondents using a 5‐mm margin and the remainder opting for narrow margin re‐excision. When the same lesion was reported to be clear of margins by 1 mm after biopsy and the clinical suspicion for melanoma was high, 44% would re‐excise with a 5‐mm margin.ConclusionsThe approach of Australian dermatologists to the management of dysplastic naevi varies between clinicians, reflecting the problems raised by the validity of histopathological grading.
Empowering Justice: An Intersectional Feminist Perspective on Restorative Justice in the Sex Trade
Authors: Riley Kristine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRestorative justice might seem like a benign alternative to prison, but it is full of pitfalls, particularly when it is still enmeshed in the criminal justice system. Nowhere is this more true than with sex workers, who are either punished for their work or morally castigated for it. The criminal justice system's interventions into the sex trade, even when using programs based on restorative justice, fails to address the harms and conflicts women experience in the sex trade and street economy. A major reason restorative programs fail to serve women in the sex trade is because it remains tethered to the criminal justice system, which carries traditional punitive consequences. When women entrenched in these conflicts are given the space, support, and freedom, they are able to develop relationships and resolutions that better exemplify restorative values. This paper explores the limitations of the current relationship between restorative justice and the criminal justice system and then highlights how the relationships and resistance strategies of the Young Women's Empowerment Project demonstrated restorative justice praxis in the sex trade.
Crime and Punishment in Ancient China and Its Relevance Today
Authors: Zhang Xiuhua , Yao Tianyu , Xu Wenjun , Zhai Yujia 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe legal system of a nation and its response to crime reflect the economic, political, and cultural conditions prevailing at the time, as well as popular values and customs. In the case of China, the oldest continuous civilization in the world, the criminal justice system contains ancient traditions that are still influential. The cosmological tradition, which has the longest history, treated nature as the victim when human actions violated social norms. Thus, harsh punishments were imposed that rigidly mimicked violent aspects of nature: if the victim died, even by accident, someone must die to balance the harm caused to nature. The Confucian tradition developed a competing natural philosophy that tempered punishment by restoring social and natural order through moral education about proper behavior. Confucianism was designed to maintain civility in the absence of central authority by persuading leaders to create a harmonious society based on the limited use of raw power and punishment. Finally, the Legalist tradition restored harsh punishment as a way to impose order upon a fragmented society in which local despots had been carrying out arbitrary judgments. But Legalism carried the seeds of its own destruction and required Confucianism to balance it in creating a durable system of governance and justice. Each tradition developed as a way of solving a specific set of social and political problems, and each persisted as a partial solution to perennial questions about how to deal with social disorder. Even though criminal justice in China was Westernized after 1911, the older traditions still have an influence. Socialism has modified traditions of crime and punishment to some extent, but the overriding concern for social order and the ability of the state to guide society has not diminished.
Finding Tools to Limit Sectarian Violence in Indonesia: The Relevance of Restorative Justice
Authors: Acciaioli Greg 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article explores the relevance of the restorative justice paradigm to issues of conflict avoidance and resolution in Indonesia. Sectarian violence engulfed Indonesia in the late 1990s after the fall of the New Order, largely as a result of resource competition and other economic factors. In addition, the revival of customary forms of authority through the national indigenous peoples movement exacerbated the potential for conflict between long‐settled indigenes and more recent migrants. A case study shows how the spread of communal conflict to the Lindu plain in Central Sulawesi was averted despite the sectarian violence in a nearby city. Local customary procedures of adjudication were insufficient to cope with such issues in a multiethnic context, as the ethnic groups in the area did not all subscribe to the same body of custom (adat). Instead, a diverse assembly of stakeholders invoked nationalist idioms of harmony and consensus to forge an agreement to avoid violence. Previous legal theorists have pointed to adat as a preexisting respository of restorative justice practices. However, this article argues that interethnic contexts require restorative practice to forge novel syntheses to deal with communal violence. Such syntheses may incorporate adat mechanisms, but they must also integrate other tools that gain the allegiance of multiple groups to work toward reconciliation and avoidance of further violence.
Unplanned pregnancies in New Zealand
Authors: Hohmann‐Marriott Bryndl E. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundUnplanned pregnancies can bring risk. It is important to have an accurate count of unplanned pregnancies, but to date there is no precise number for New Zealand or Australia.AimsThis analysis estimates the number and proportion of pregnancies in New Zealand that are unplanned.Materials and methodsEstimates were generated using information about unplanned births from the Growing Up in New Zealand study, combined with data on the number of births and abortions from Statistics New Zealand and estimates of miscarriages. These were further refined by age and ethnic group.ResultsOf an estimated 95 335 pregnancies in New Zealand in 2008, over half (53%) were unplanned. Unplanned pregnancies resulted in 24 131 births. As a percentage of all pregnancies, 25% were births from unplanned pregnancies, 19% were abortions and 8% were unplanned pregnancies that ended in miscarriage. There were a high number of unplanned pregnancies among younger women as well as among Maori and Pacific women, and a low number among women in their 30s and European women.ConclusionsPrograms, policy and practice should be designed to accommodate women with unplanned pregnancies. Ensuring accessible pregnancy care such as antenatal care and abortion and making preconception care programs widely available, particularly for women with chronic health conditions, will reduce the health risk posed by unplanned pregnancies. Reducing the number of unplanned pregnancies through comprehensive sexuality education and contraception is important for those in their teens and early 20s, and continues to be important throughout the reproductive lifespan.
Standardized Comparison of Selected Physiological Controllers for Rotary Blood Pumps: In Vitro Study
Authors: Petrou Anastasios , Lee Jongseok , Dual Seraina , Ochsner Gregor , Meboldt Mirko , Schmid Daners Marianne 
Published: November 2017

AbstractVarious physiological controllers for left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) have been developed to prevent flow conditions that may lead to left ventricular (LV) suction and overload. In the current study, we selected and implemented six of the most promising physiological controllers presented in literature. We tuned the controllers for the same objectives by using the loop‐shaping method from control theory. The in vitro experiments were derived from literature and included different preload, afterload, and contractility variations. All experiments were repeated with an increased or decreased contractility from the baseline pathological circulation and with simulated sensor drift. The controller performances were compared with an LVAD operated at constant speed (CS) and a physiological circulation. During preload variations, all controllers resulted in a pump flow change that resembled the cardiac output response of the physiological circulation. For afterload variations, the response varied among the controllers, whereas some of them presented a high sensitivity to contractility or sensor drift, leading to LV suction and overload. In such cases, the need for recalibration of the controllers or the sensor is indicated. Preload‐based physiological controllers showed their clinical significance by outperforming the CS operation and promise many benefits for the LVAD therapy. However, their clinical implementation in the near future for long‐term use is highly dependent on the sensor technology and its reliability.