bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TESSA: design and implementation of a platform for situational sea awareness
Authors: Scalas Mario , Marra Palmalisa , Tedesco Luca , Quarta Raffaele , Cantoro Emanuele , Tumolo Antonio , Rollo Davide , Spagnulo Marco 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. This article describes the architecture of sea situational awareness (SSA) platform, a major asset within TESSA, an industrial research project funded by the Italian Ministry of Education and Research. The main aim of the platform is to collect, transform and provide forecast and observational data as information suitable for delivery across a variety of channels, like web and mobile; specifically, the ability to produce and provide forecast information suitable for creating SSA-enabled applications has been a critical driving factor when designing and evolving the whole architecture. Thus, starting from functional and performance requirements, the platform architecture is described in terms of its main building blocks and flows among them: front-end components that support end-user applications and map and data analysis components that allow for serving maps and querying data. Focus is directed to key aspects and decisions about the main issues faced, like interoperability, scalability, efficiency and adaptability, but it also considers insights about future works in this and similarly related subjects. Some analysis results are also provided in order to better characterize critical issues and related solutions.
Phosphate Equilibration Rate and Daily Clearance in Patients on CAPD, CCPD and APD
Authors: Gomez Rafael , Waniewski Jacek , Zapata Adelaida , Pietribiasi Mauro , Lindholm Bengt 
Published: February 2017

Background Criteria for how to assess removal rate of inorganic phosphorous (iP) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) and whether iP removal differs between different PD modalities are debated. Methods In a cross-sectional study, 73 prevalent patients on continuous ambulatory PD (n = 16), continuous cyclic PD (n = 8) or automated PD (n = 49) with mean age 54 (range, 18–87) years, 46 males, underwent standard peritoneal equilibration test (PET) and 24-hour collection of dialysate with measurements of iP, urea and creatinine in all samples and bags. There were 11 slow, 53 average, and 9 fast transporters. Results D/P ratios for iP and creatinine at 4 h of PET were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.86, p<0.0001). Allocation of patients into slow, average and fast transporters according to D/P ratios for iP and creatinine was essentially similar. Whereas the weekly peritoneal clearance of iP (30.8 ± 16.6 L/wk) was lower than that of creatinine (38.4 ± 14.9 L/wk), clearances were strongly correlated (ρ = 0.89, p<0.0001). The correlation between peritoneal weekly clearance of iP and urea KT/V was however weak (ρ = 0.56, p<0.0001. CAPD patients had higher iP clearance than APD patients, 43.2 ± 14.9 versus 24.7 ± 13.4 L/wk (p<0.05); however, serum iP concentrations did not differ. Conclusions Creatinine is a good surrogate marker for phosphate removal, both as assessed by PET and by 24 hours' clearance, in different PD modalities. Therefore, a separate PET scale for phosphate may not be needed. iP removal was greater with CAPD than APD but serum phosphate levels did not differ.
Apical Transportation of ProGlider and ProTaper Next Activated with Different Motions
Authors: Arslan Hakan , Kirici Damla O. , Uygun Ahmet D. , Khalilov Ruslan , Güven Yahya , Karataş Ertuğrul , Aladağ Halit 
Published: February 2017

Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the apical transportation of the ProGlider and ProTaper Next using 3 different motions (150° clockwise [CW]; 0° counter clockwise [CCW], 270° CW-30° CCW; and [360° CW] continuous rotation). Materials and Methods 36 simulated, curved, plastic training blocks were randomly distributed into 3 groups for treatment according to the movement kinematics used for ProGlider (Dentsply Maillefer) followed by ProTaper Next (Dentsply Maillefer) instruments (n = 12): 150° CW-30° CCW, 270° CW-30° CCW, and 360° CW (continuous rotation). Pre- and post-instrumentation photographs were taken from the root canals in a standardized manner. Root canal transportation was calculated at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 mm from the apical terminus of the canal. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Walis H test (p = .05). Results At the 1- and 2-mm levels, both reciprocating motions (150° CW-30° CCW and 270° CW-30° CCW) resulted in less transportation than those of continuous rotation (p<.05). However, there were no significant differences between the groups at the 3-, 4-, and 5-mm levels (p>.05). Conclusions Both reciprocating motions were found to have less canal transportation than the continuous rotation group at the 1- and 2-mm levels. This is the first study about the use of the ProGlider and ProTaper Next activated by different motions. Reciprocating motion can be beneficial for ProGlider and ProTaper Next to reduce transportation of root canals.
Two Dutch <i>many</i> ’s and the structure of pseudo-partitives
Authors: Ruys Eddy G. 
Published: February 2017

This article discusses the syntax and semantics of Dutch pseudo-partitive constructions with measure nouns, such as drie liter water ‘three liters of water’. The major empirical puzzle is the distribution of two Dutch instances of many/much: veel and vele. Unlike earlier proposals, I analyze veel as a gradable adjective, and vele as a numeral. It turns out that in pseudo-partitives with pure measure readings, only vele can freely occur (veel liters water only allows a marked “liter-bottle” reading). This is puzzling, because veel is otherwise allowed both with mass and count terms, and both in the singular and in the plural. I adopt the more-or-less standard right-branching syntax for Dutch pseudo-partitives (providing some new arguments for its correctness), and propose a semantics for measure nouns which, in combination with Ionin &amp; Matushansky’s semantics for cardinals, correctly characterizes these constructions and explains where pure measure readings occur. I then show that my analysis correctly derives the behavior of veel and vele in these constructions, given their characterization as a gradable adjective and a numeral.This article is part of the Special Collection: Partitives
The Impacts of Non-Performing Loans upon the Prices of Stocks in Jordanian Commercial Banks
Authors: Rawhi Hashem Firas Na'el , Alduneibat Khalid Ali Ahmad , Fayad altawalbeh Mohammad abdallah 
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this study can be seen through the major attention that was given to the problem of non-performing loans by the banking institutions. Such attention was given to this problem due to the several impacts it has upon commercial banks and which may extend to affect the whole banking system, the current study aimed at identifying whether there is a statistically significant impact for the non - performing loans upon the prices of stocks or not in Jordanian commercial banks at the significance level of (a = 0.05). This study was concerned with investigating the Jordanian commercial banking sector during the period of (2005 –2015). The current study has given great attention to this sector because it is considered as the most vital sector in the Jordanian economic system. This study also shows that there is need for training workers in applying the credit policy that is being adopted. Such training should raise the practical efficiency levels of those employees. The study also showed that banks’ control should be stricter and they should set more dissuasive penalties in relation to granting facilities without having adequate guarantees.
Shareholder Value Creation: An Empirical Analysis of Indian Banking Sector
Authors: Gounder Chitra Gunshekhar , Venkateshwarlu M. 
Published: February 2017

This study investigates the importance of economic value added for the shareholders’ value maximization. Economic value added (EVA) is a value based performance measurement tool that helps to settle down the management decision regarding creation of shareholders value. Very few literatures are found regarding creation of shareholder values in banks. Sample of 40 Indian commercial listed Banks and panel data are used for the period of 2001 to 2015, the empirical findings for Public limited banks and overall Indian banks revealed that there is a positive and significant relationship between shareholder’s value maximization and EVA but in case of Private limited banks, DPS was found to have significant relationship with shareholder value. The Higher the value of EVA, higher shareholders value .The finding shows significant support for EVA and DPS, but it was found that EVA is not efficiently used for Analysis and decision making regarding creation of value. Thus it is suggested to focus on criteria of EVA for analyzing shareholder’s value of banks.
Identifikace mobilizačních témat Dělnické strany sociální spravedlnosti skrze analýzu sociálních médií
Authors: Hanzelka Jan 
Published: February 2017

The article “Identification of Workers’ Party of Social Justice (DSSS) mobilization issues using a social media analysis” is focused on using the analysis of data obtained from social media in political science and security research, specifically research of mobilization issues of the Czech far-right Workers' Party of Social Justice (DSSS) political party. Based on the theoretical framework and using a combination of content and framework analyses of their Facebook page, we tried to identify and describe the mobilization issues that this party uses, and which also have high response from the supporters of the party. The results show that in the last three years a rapid change can be seen in the mobilization potential associated with a shift from anti-Roma mobilization issues to issues oriented against immigration and Islam. General mobilization is then built on the principle of negation and delimitation towards other actors, especially the current establishment, and is based on a feeling of injustice.
Limited formation of isoprene epoxydiols‐derived secondary organic aerosol under NOx‐rich environments in Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Yunjiang , Tang Lili , Sun Yele , Favez Olivier , Canonaco Francesco , Albinet Alexandre , Couvidat Florian , Liu Dantong , Jayne John T. , Wang Zhuang , Croteau Philip L. , Canagaratna Manjula R. , Zhou Hong‐cang , Prévôt André S. H. , Worsnop Douglas R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSecondary organic aerosol (SOA) derived from isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) has potential impacts on regional air quality and climate yet is poorly characterized under NOx‐rich ambient environments. We report the first real‐time characterization of IEPOX‐derived SOA (IEPOX‐SOA) in Eastern China in summer 2013 using comprehensive ambient measurements, along with model analysis. The ratio of IEPOX‐SOA to isoprene high‐NOx SOA precursors, e.g., methyl vinyl ketone and methacrolein, and the reactive uptake potential of IEPOX was lower than those generally observed in regions with prevailing biogenic emissions, low NOx levels, and high particle acidity, elucidating the suppression of IEPOX‐SOA formation under NOx‐rich environments. IEPOX‐SOA showed high potential source regions to the south with large biogenic emissions, illustrating that the interactions between biogenic and anthropogenic emissions might have played an important role in affecting the formation of IEPOX‐SOA in polluted environments in Eastern China.
Regional and local new particle formation events observed in the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Dai Liang , Wang Honglei , Zhou Luyu , An Junlin , Tang Lili , Lu Chunsong , Yan Wenlian , Liu Ruiyang , Kong Shaofei , Chen Mindong , Lee Shanhu , Yu Huan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo study the spatial inhomogeneity of new particle formation (NPF) in the polluted atmosphere of China, we conducted simultaneous measurements at an urban site near a petrochemical industrial area and a regional background site in the Yangtze River Delta region from September to November 2015. At the urban site we observed a type of local NPF event (number of events: n = 5), in which nucleation was limited to a small area but persisted for 6.8 h on average during the daytime. Formation rates of 5 nm particles (J5) were found to be correlated positively with the H2SO4 proxy (log J5 versus log[H2SO4] slope near 1) in both local and regional events. Furthermore, J5 was enhanced by the anthropogenic volatile organic carbon (VOC) plumes from nearby industrial area in the local events compared to the regional events. Size‐dependent aerosol dynamics calculation showed that in comparison with the observed regional events, the local events were featured with high nucleation rate (J1.3 > 1000 cm−3 s−1), high growth rate of sub‐3 nm particles (GRsub‐3 > 20 nm h−1), and high number concentration of nucleation mode particles (mean peak N5‐20: 6 × 104 cm−3). Considering these features, the local NPF events of anthropogenic origin may also be an important contributor to cloud condensation nuclei concentrations in urban and regional scales. In addition, the comparison of simultaneous regional NPF events between the two sites (number of events: n = 7) suggested that regional NPF intensity may be underestimated by the single‐point measurement at an urban site, due to the heterogeneity of air masses.
Diel stream temperature regimes of Bukovsky regions of the conterminous United States
Authors: Ferencz Stephen B. , Cardenas M. Bayani 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStream temperature which varies over daily to seasonal timescales is a primary control on myriad ecological, biogeochemical, and physical processes. Yet geographic patterns of its diel variations have not been fully characterized. Using daily temperature records spanning 15 years (2000–2014), monthly averaged mean daily temperature and diel temperature range were calculated for streams distributed across six Bukovsky regions of the conterminous U.S. Across all six regions, diel temperature fluctuations were lowest during the winter, around 1–2°C. During the summer there was wide distribution in diel temperatures (2°C–12°C). The regions revealed distinct differences in diel patterns for small and medium streams, but not for large streams. Small and medium streams exhibited notable hysteresis in their annual progression of diel temperature ranges, with larger diel temperature fluctuations in the spring than in the fall.
Survey Error
Authors: Reiter Jerome P. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In survey samples, the primary objective usually is to estimate unknown population quantities, such as population means or totals. The estimates invariably do not exactly equal the population values, that is, there are survey errors. This article reviews the main sources of survey errors and general approaches to reducing them.

Survey errors can be classified into two categories,
nonsampling
and
sampling
errors. Common sources of nonsampling error include measurement error, coverage error, mode effect error, nonresponse error, and process error. Measurement error occurs when respondents misinterpret, cannot answer, or inaccurately answer questions. Coverage error occurs when the list used to take the sample does not correspond to all units in the target population. Mode effect error occurs when the way the data are collected influences responses. Nonresponse error occurs when those who do not respond to a survey differ from those who respond to it. Process error occurs when edits, recodes, or other data processing steps go awry. Nonsampling errors are hard to detect and quantify. Their impact can be reduced by careful survey design. Sampling errors occur because only subsets of populations are measured, and estimates vary by sample. Sampling errors arise in every survey, but they are quantifiable.
Cluster Analysis, Variables
Authors: D'Agostino Ralph B. , Russell Heidy K. , Lee Taiyeong 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Cluster analysis involves grouping objects, subjects or variables, with similar characteristics into groups. Similarity or dissimilarity of objects is measured by a particular index of association. The focus here is on clustering of variables instead of subjects. Types of methods that cluster variables based on correlation structure of variables or factorial structure of variables are considered, where factorial structure refers to a structure obtained from principal component analysis or factor analysis. The approaches described for cluster analysis use various indices of association such as factor loadings, correlation matrix, and cosine matrix. Examples of these are shown and the advantages and disadvantages of each approach are discussed.
Population‐based analysis of pathological correlates of dementia in the oldest old
Authors: Tanskanen Maarit , Mäkelä Mira , Notkola Irma‐Leena , Myllykangas Liisa , Rastas Sari , Oinas Minna , Lindsberg Perttu J. , Polvikoski Tuomo , Tienari Pentti J. , Paetau Anders 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to analyze brain pathologies which cause dementia in the oldest old population.MethodsAll 601 persons aged ≥85 years living in the city of Vantaa (Finland), on April 1st, 1991 formed the study population of the Vantaa85 + study, 300 of whom were autopsied during follow‐up (79.5% females, mean age‐at‐death 92 ± 3.7 years). Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology (tau and beta‐amyloid [Aβ]), cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and Lewy‐related pathologies were analyzed. Brain infarcts were categorized by size (<2 mm, 2–15 mm, >15 mm) and by location. Brain hemorrhages were classified as microscopic (<2 mm) and macroscopic.Results195/300 (65%) were demented. 194/195 (99%) of the demented had at least one neuropathology. Three independent contributors to dementia were identified: AD‐type tau‐pathology (Braak stage V‐VI), neocortical Lewy‐related pathology, and cortical anterior 2–15 mm infarcts. These were found in 34%, 21%, and 21% of the demented, respectively, with the multivariate odds ratios (OR) for dementia 5.5, 4.5, and 3.4. Factor analysis investigating the relationships between different pathologies identified three separate factors: (1) AD‐spectrum, which included neurofibrillary tau, Aβ plaque, and neocortical Lewy‐related pathologies and CAA (2) >2 mm cortical and subcortical infarcts, and (3) <2 mm cortical microinfarcts and microhemorrhages. Multipathology was common and increased the risk of dementia significantly.InterpretationThese results indicate that AD‐type neurodegenerative processes play the most prominent role in twilight cognitive decline. The high prevalence of both neurodegenerative and vascular pathologies indicates that multiple preventive and therapeutic approaches are needed to protect the brains of the oldest old.
Prognostic significance of cytogenetic abnormalities in T‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Hu Zhihong , Medeiros L. Jeffrey , Fang Lianghua , Sun Yi , Tang Zhenya , Tang Guilin , Sun Tsieh , Quesada Andres E. , Hu Shimin , Wang Sa A. , Pei Lin , Lu Xinyan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractT‐cell prolymphocytic leukemia (T‐PLL) is an aggressive mature T‐cell neoplasm. The most common cytogenetic abnormality associated with T‐PLL is inv(14)(q11.2q32) involving TCL1, but other abnormalities also have been reported. In this study, we correlated cytogenetic abnormalities with clinical outcome in 97 T‐PLL patients, including 66 men and 31 women with a median age of 63 years (range, 34‐81). Twenty‐seven patients had a normal karyotype (NK), one had two chromosomal aberrations, and 69 had a complex karyotype (CK). Patients with a CK had poorer overall survival (OS) than patients with a NK (P = .0016). In the CK group, the most common aberrations involved 14q (n = 45) and 8q (n = 38). Additional deletions of chromosomes 17p, 11q, 6q, 12p, 13q were observed frequently. No individual cytogenetic abnormality impacted OS. Patients with ≥5 aberrations had an OS of 11 months versus 22 months in patients with <5 aberrations (P = 0.0132). Fluorescence in situ hybridization for TCL1 successfully performed in 27 cases showed rearrangement in 8/10 (80%) NK versus 16/17 (94%) CK cases. OS of patients with TCL1 rearrangement and/or 14q aberrations was not significantly different from patients without TCL1 rearrangement and 14q aberrations (P = .3467). Patients with refractory disease showed worse OS in both the NK and CK groups (P = .0014 and P < .0001, respectively), compared with patients who achieved remission but then relapsed. Stem cell transplantation did not appear to improve OS regardless of karyotype complexity. In conclusion, patients with T‐PLL often have a CK which is a poor prognostic factor, particularly in patients with ≥5 cytogenetic aberrations.
(E)‐Alkene Synthesis via Nano‐Copper/Homogeneous Palladium Co‐Catalysis and Selectivity Amplification
Authors: Liu Shiwen , Zeng Xiaojun , Xu Bo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA practical regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of multisubstituted (E)‐alkenes via a nano‐copper/Pd(PPh3)4 co‐catalyzed tandem hydroborylation/Suzuki coupling sequence has been developed. This catalytic system circumvented the common problem of isolation and purification of organoboron intermediates and gave only (E)‐alkenes in good to excellent yields and excellent functional group tolerance. The key for the very high regioselectivity is the selectivity amplification of two tandem steps.
(Ge4Bi14)4−: Ein Fall von “Element‐Entmischung” auf molekularer Skala
Authors: Wilson Robert J. , Dehnen Stefanie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDie Extraktion eines Feststoffs der nominalen Zusammensetzung “K2GeBi” mit 1,2‐Diaminoethan (en) in Gegenwart von 4,7,13,16,21,24‐Hexaoxa‐1,10‐diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosan (crypt‐222) führte zur Bildung des Salzes [K(crypt‐222)]4(Ge4Bi14). Das 18‐atomige Zintl‐Anion (Ge4Bi14)4− darin hat eine bislang unbekannte Topologie, die sich als formales Kondensationsprodukt zweier E113−‐Käfige entlang einer gemeinsamen Ge4‐“Taille” verstehen lässt. (Ge4Bi14)4− stellt somit das größte und strukturell komplexeste Polyanion mit Bismutatomen dar. Wir beschreiben seine schrittweise Bildung, die geometrische und elektronische Struktur und diskutieren relative Stabilitäten der Isomere mit unterschiedlicher Verteilung der vier Germaniumatome auf den 18 Atompositionen, die wir mittels DFT‐Rechnungen untersucht haben.
Zur Gold‐katalysierten Erzeugung von Vinylkationen aus 1,5‐Diinen
Authors: Wurm Thomas , Bucher Janina , Duckworth Sarah B. , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractKonjugierte 1,5‐Diin‐Systeme mit zwei aromatischen Resten an den terminalen Positionen der Alkine wurden in Anwesenheit eines Gold‐Katalysators umgesetzt. Unter milden Bedingungen werden arylsubstituierte Dibenzopentalene erzeugt. Berechnungen sagen aurierte Vinylkationen als Schlüsselintermediate der Reaktion voraus. Eine bidirektionale Reaktion lieferte selektiv das angular anellierte Produkt in hoher Ausbeute, was über Berechnungen erklärt werden kann.
Unexpected Ge–Ge Contacts in the Two‐Dimensional Ge4Se3Te Phase and Analysis of Their Chemical Cause with the Density of Energy (DOE) Function
Authors: Küpers Michael , Konze Philipp M. , Maintz Stefan , Steinberg Simon , Mio Antonio M. , Cojocaru‐Mirédin Oana , Zhu Min , Müller Merlin , Luysberg Martina , Mayer Joachim , Wuttig Matthias , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA hexagonal phase in the ternary Ge–Se–Te system with an approximate composition of GeSe0.75Te0.25 has been known since the 1960s but its structure has remained unknown. We have succeeded in growing single crystals by chemical transport as a prerequisite to solve and refine the Ge4Se3Te structure. It consists of layers that are held together by van der Waals type weak chalcogenide–chalcogenide interactions but also display unexpected Ge–Ge contacts, as confirmed by electron microscopy analysis. The nature of the electronic structure of Ge4Se3Te was characterized by chemical bonding analysis, in particular by the newly introduced density of energy (DOE) function. The Ge–Ge bonding interactions serve to hold electrons that would otherwise go into antibonding Ge–Te contacts.