bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
FUsaM: Framework, con base en una SPL, para la medición de usabilidad en aplicaciones móviles
Authors: Enríquez Juan , Casas Sandra 
Published: July 2016

El uso masivo de los dispositivos móviles, asociado a la heterogeneidad de estos y también de los usuarios, implica un desafío al momento de evaluar la usabilidad de las aplicaciones móviles. Es importante disponer de metodologías y herramientas que permitan realizar estudios de usabilidad específicos para este tipo de aplicaciones en las cuales el contexto de uso cambia continuamente. Es necesario que las pruebas de usabilidad sean transparentes para el usuario, recolecten datos de usabilidad y del contexto de manera automática, no sean intrusivas para la aplicación que se prueba y que soporten en alguna medida la variabilidad de los dispositivos. Para lograr las características mencionadas, en este trabajo se propone un framework denominado FUsaM (Framework de usabilidad móvil) que es extensible y permite generar e integrar pruebas de usabilidad en aplicaciones móviles. Para su diseño e implementación se utiliza el enfoque de construcción de Línea de productos de software (SPL, Software Product Line) combinado con la Programación orientada a características (FOP, Feature-Oriented Programming) y la Programación orientada a aspectos (AOP, Aspect-Oriented Programming). También se presenta un caso de estudio para demostrar la funcionalidad de este.
Resistencia al glifosato en biotipos de zacate cabezón (Paspalumpaniculatum L.) de la Región del Caribe de Costa Rica
Authors: Ramírez-Muñoz Fernando 
Published: July 2016

Durante los años 2012 y 2013 se estudió, en un invernadero en Tambor de Alajuela, la respuesta de biotipos de Paspalumpaniculatum, una maleza poacea, al herbicida glifosato, con el objetivo de determinar su nivel de resistencia. Los biotipos de zacate cabezón provenían de fincas productoras de palmito de pejibaye, banano orgánico y banano convencional de la provincia de Limón, y de bordes de caminos de Guanacaste y Heredia. A las plantas se les aplicaron dosis crecientes de glifosato y se midió su peso fresco 21 días después. Se encontraron tres biotipos resistentes a glifosato (R), que necesitan de 2,0 a 8,3 veces más herbicida para sufrir una reducción del 50% en su crecimiento con respecto a biotipos susceptibles (S), en fincas de producción convencional de pejibaye y banano con más de 12 años de aplicar glifosato como único método de control de malezas. Los biotipos S provenían de una finca de banano orgánico y de bordes de caminos, donde el uso de glifosato fue nulo o mínimo.
Cognitive Effects of Adenotonsillectomy for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Authors: Taylor H. Gerry , Bowen Susan R. , Beebe Dean W. , Hodges Elise , Amin Raouf , Arens Raanan , Chervin Ronald D. , Garetz Susan L. , Katz Eliot S. , Moore Reneé H. , Morales Knashawn H. , Muzumdar Hiren , Paruthi Shalini , Rosen Carol L. , Sadhwani Anjali , Thomas Nina Hattiangadi , Ware Janice , Marcus Carole L. , Ellenberg Susan S. , Redline Susan , Giordani Bruno 
Published: July 2016

OBJECTIVE:
Research reveals mixed evidence for the effects of adenotonsillectomy (AT) on cognitive tests in children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). The primary aim of the study was to investigate effects of AT on cognitive test scores in the randomized Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial.

METHODS:
Children ages 5 to 9 years with OSAS without prolonged oxyhemoglobin desaturation were randomly assigned to watchful waiting with supportive care (n = 227) or early AT (eAT, n = 226). Neuropsychological tests were administered before the intervention and 7 months after the intervention. Mixed model analysis compared the groups on changes in test scores across follow-up, and regression analysis examined associations of these changes in the eAT group with changes in sleep measures.

RESULTS:
Mean test scores were within the average range for both groups. Scores improved significantly (P &lt; .05) more across follow-up for the eAT group than for the watchful waiting group. These differences were found only on measures of nonverbal reasoning, fine motor skills, and selective attention and had small effects sizes (Cohen’s d, 0.20–0.24). As additional evidence for AT-related effects on scores, gains in test scores for the eAT group were associated with improvements in sleep measures.

CONCLUSIONS:
Small and selective effects of AT were observed on cognitive tests in children with OSAS without prolonged desaturation. Relative to evidence from Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial for larger effects of surgery on sleep, behavior, and quality of life, AT may have limited benefits in reversing any cognitive effects of OSAS, or these benefits may require more extended follow-up to become manifest.
Urban Dialectics of Caste in Modern India: Reflections from Select Dalit Autobiographical Narratives
Authors: Sethi Bijaya Kumar , Nayak Amarjeet 
Published: July 2016

<div><p><em>In India, caste is generally seen to be practiced in the villages and the urban spaces are considered to be liberal and casteless under the effect of modern education, industrialization and economic growth. In contrast to the generally perceived notion, the paper, through a systematic analysis of the select instances from the Dalit autobiographical narratives such as Omprakash Valmiki’s Joothan, Aravind Malagatti’s Government Brahmana and Sharankumar Limbale’s Akkarmashi tries to exhibit how the caste structures are very much present in the urban spaces in more sophisticated and complicated forms. It becomes a difficult task for the Dalits who come to the cities to pursue education and livelihood to adjust in such caste ridden spaces. The analysis of the aporia of such conditions and the pain undertaken by the educated Dalits to exist in such caste-ridden urban spaces is the goal of this paper. </em><em></em></p></div>
Regionális hálózati együttműködések
Authors: Kiss Marietta 
Published: July 2016

Jelen tanulmány célja az – elsősorban építőipar területén – fellelhető regionális hálózati együttműködések feltérképezése, különös tekintettel az Észak-Alföldi Régióra. A tanulmány három fő részből áll: az építőiparra vonatkozó iparágelemzést követően egy rövid összefoglaló található a napjainkban fellelhető vállalati hálózati együttműködések, a klaszteresedés elméleti alapjairól, illetve speciálisan az építőiparban tevékenykedő vállalatok közti ilyen jellegű kapcsolatokról, végül a munkát az Észak-Alföldi Régió egy meghatározó építőipari vállalatának kapcsolati hálózatát feltáró esettanulmány zárja. Legfontosabb megállapítása, hogy hazánkban még nem indult el az építőipar területén a számos fejlett gazdaságban már működő klaszteresedés, ám a hálózatosodás – mely alapját képezheti egy építőipari klaszter kialakulásának – beindult, s ha tovább folytatódik, az tovább növelné az együttműködésből eddig is tapasztalt előnyöket.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: L140, L850
intézményi rendszer szerepe a globalizáció hatására átalakuló kultúrafinanszírozásban
Authors: Tóth Ákos 
Published: July 2016

A tanulmány a kulturális szféra területén az intézményi renszer és a közvetlen állami szerepvállalás közötti kapcsolat - globalizáció hatására bekövetkező - változásait vizsgálja. Az Egyesült Államok és Oroszország kulturális szférájának finanszírozása különböző szintről, teljesen eltérő úton indult el, és a kultúrafinanszírozási modellek tekintetében két ellentéted technikát valósított meg. A tanulmányban a szerző által megfogalmazott hipotézis feltételezi, hogy a fejletlen intézményi rendszerrel rendelkező országokban nagyobb valószínűséggel alakul ki/vagy marad továbbra is irányadó a kulturális szféra közvetlen állami finanszírozása. A szerző a vizsgálat eredményeit egy harmadik ország, Hollandia tekintetében is ellenőrzi, ahol a két ellentétes modell bizonyos jellemzői együttesen vannak jelen.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: P14, P39, Z10, Z11
Business Ethics and Ethics Education in American Business Programs
Authors: D. Keiser John 
Published: July 2016

This essay presents an overview of what American business programs cover in their curricula regarding ethics and the reasons behind teaching ethics-related material to business students. Topics for the paperinclude; requirements for having ethics in the curricula, broad perspectives of what constitutes ethical business practices, and the difference between professional ethics and business ethics.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) classification: M14, A20
The Evolution of Welfare Systems: Social Democratic and Social Autocratic Paths
Authors: Lévai Imre 
Published: July 2016

Students of global and regional political economy have produced a vast literature on divergent paths of capitalist evolution. The evolution of welfare systems, in general, and their different paths, in particular, have also widely been analysed in economic and social studies. The author, joining the discussions from a world system perspective, makes an attempt at presenting a global and regional political economic comparison of the seemingly similar welfare systems that have evolved in Northern and in Eastern Europe. The apparent convergence of the Sovietic type to the Nordic social democratic pattern is scrutinised, distinguishing it from the latter by the “social autocratic” label.
Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) kód: I31, I38, P36, P38
“Prediabetes”: Are There Problems With This Label? Yes, the Label Creates Further Problems!
Authors: Yudkin John S. 
Published: July 2016

The category of “prediabetes” defined by the American Diabetes Association comprises a range of intermediate hyperglycemia based on fasting or 2-h postload glucose or on HbA1c. Over the recent past, the “cut points” identifying this stage have changed, i.e., a lower fasting glucose level is used. On one hand, it can be argued that the change to a lower cut point identifies a group of individuals still at higher risk and provides heightened awareness for a condition associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease. In addition, identification of individuals at this stage may represent a chance of earlier intervention in the disease. However, the argument against this definition of “prediabetes” is that it disguises the differences in the three subcategories and creates problems in interpreting observations on interventions and outcomes. In addition, it can be argued that the enormous numbers of people identified with the criteria far exceeds the capacity of health care systems to respond through individual care, particularly without evidence that interventions benefit any category other than impaired glucose tolerance. Thus, there does not appear to be consensus on the definition using the cut points identified. Controversy also remains as to whether there are glycemic metrics beyond HbA1c that can be used in addition to HbA1c to help assess risk of an individual developing diabetes complications. Given the current controversy, a Point-Counterpoint debate on this issue is provided herein. In the point narrative below, Dr. Yudkin provides his argument that there are significant problems with this label. In the counterpoint narrative that follows Dr. Yudkin’s contribution, Dr. Cefalu argues that the cut points are appropriate and do provide useful and important information in trying to reduce the future burden of diabetes.
—William T. Cefalu
Editor in Chief, Diabetes Care
Local Allergic Rhinitis in Children: Novel Diagnostic Features and Potential Biomarkers
Authors: Zicari Anna Maria , Occasi Francesca , Di Fraia Marco , Mainiero Fabrizio , Porzia Alessandra , Galandrini Ricciarda , Giuffrida Anna , Bosco Daniela , Bertin Serena , Duse Marzia 
Published: July 2016

Background Local allergic rhinitis (LAR) is a phenotype of rhinitis that has been poorly studied in children. It is characterized by the same symptoms of allergic rhinitis but with the absence of markers of systemic atopy. Objective To identify children affected by LAR and to analyze the pathogenesis of this disease. We chose to focus our attention on interleukin (IL) and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Methods We enrolled 20 children affected by nonallergic rhinitis (negative skin-prick test results and serum specific immunoglobulin E [sIgE] values). Each patient underwent a nasal allergen provocation test (NAPT) with dust mite and grass pollen. Before and after NAPT, nasal lavage was performed to detect sIgE, IL-5, and TSLP; anterior active rhinomanometry was used to evaluate changes in nasal obstruction. Results Two patients were positive to a nonspecific NAPT and, thus, were excluded from the study. Of the remaining 18 children, 12 (66.7%) had positive results to at least one NAPT. Among these 12 patients, nasal sIgE levels for Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farinae, and Lolium perenne increased significantly after NAPT (D. pteronyssinus, p < 0.005; D. farinae, p < 0.05; L. perenne, p < 0.05). Nasal IL-5 levels showed a significant increase after NAPT (p ≤ 0.006), and this increase was significantly higher in children who had positive NAPT results than in those patients with negative NAPT results (p ≤ 0.03). Among the 12 children who had a positive NAPT result, nasal TSLP was detected in 4 patients (33.3%) and its levels showed a relevant increase after NAPT, even though the difference did not reach statistical significance (p ≤ 0.061). Conclusion Observed results raise the importance of better refining the diagnostic protocol for LAR in children. Nasal TSLP and IL-5 levels offer new insights concerning localized allergic inflammation, although the role of nasal sIgE has still to be clarified.
NEW DEBRIS DISKS IN NEARBY YOUNG MOVING GROUPS*

†
Authors: Moór A. , Kóspál Á. , Ábrahám P. , Balog Z. , Csengeri T. , Henning Th. , Juhász A. , Kiss Cs. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
A significant fraction of nearby young moving group members harbor circumstellar debris dust disks. Due to their proximity and youth, these disks are attractive targets for studying the early evolution of debris dust and planetesimal belts. Here we present 70 and 160 μm observations of 31 systems in the β Pic moving group, and in the Tucana–Horologium, Columba, Carina, and Argus associations, using the Herschel Space Observatory. None of these stars were observed at far-infrared wavelengths before. Our Herschel measurements were complemented by photometry from the WISE satellite for the whole sample, and by submillimeter/millimeter continuum data for one source, HD 48370. We identified six stars with infrared excess, four of them are new discoveries. By combining our new findings with results from the literature, we examined the incidence and general characteristics of debris disks around Sun-like members of the selected groups. With their dust temperatures of <45 K the newly identified disks around HD 38397, HD 48370, HD 160305, and BD-20 951 represent the coldest population within this sample. For HD 38397 and HD 48370, the emission is resolved in the 70 μm Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrograph images, the estimated radius of these disks is ∼90 au. Together with the well-known disk around HD 61005, these three systems represent the highest mass end of the known debris disk population around young G-type members of the selected groups. In terms of dust content, they resemble the hypothesized debris disk of the ancient solar system.
A FULLY SELF-CONSISTENT MULTI-LAYERED MODEL OF JUPITER
Authors: Kong Dali , Zhang Keke , Schubert Gerald 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We construct a three-dimensional, fully self-consistent, multi-layered, non-spheroidal model of Jupiter consisting of an inner core, a metallic electrically conducting dynamo region, and an outer molecular electrically insulating envelope. We assume that the Jovian zonal winds are on cylinders parallel to the rotation axis but, due to the effect of magnetic braking, are confined within the outer molecular envelope. We also assume that the location of the molecular-metallic interface is characterized by its equatorial radius

, where R

e
is the equatorial radius of Jupiter at the 1 bar pressure level and H is treated as a parameter of the model. We solve the relevant mathematical problem via a perturbation approach. The leading-order problem determines the density, size, and shape of the inner core, the irregular shape of the 1 bar pressure level, and the internal structure of Jupiter that accounts for the full effect of rotational distortion, but without the influence of the zonal winds; the next-order problem determines the variation of the gravitational field solely caused by the effect of the zonal winds on the rotationally distorted non-spheroidal Jupiter. The leading-order solution produces the known mass, the known equatorial and polar radii, and the known zonal gravitational coefficient J
2 of Jupiter within their error bars; it also yields the coefficients J
4 and J
6 within about 5% accuracy, the core equatorial radius

and the core density

corresponding to 3.73 Earth masses; the next-order solution yields the wind-induced variation of the zonal gravitational coefficients of Jupiter.
LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE AROUND A z = 2.1 CLUSTER
Authors: Hung (洪肇伶) Chao-Ling , Casey Caitlin M. , Chiang Yi-Kuan , Capak Peter L. , Cowley Michael J. , Darvish Behnam , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Kovač K. , Lilly Simon J. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Spitler Lee R. , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Yuan Tiantian 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
The most prodigious starburst galaxies are absent in massive galaxy clusters today, but their connection with large-scale environments is less clear at

. We present a search of large-scale structure around a galaxy cluster core at z = 2.095 using a set of spectroscopically confirmed galaxies. We find that both color-selected star-forming galaxies (SFGs) and dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) show significant overdensities around the z = 2.095 cluster. A total of eight DSFGs (including three X-ray luminous active galactic nuclei, AGNs) and 34 SFGs are found within a 10′ radius (corresponds to ∼15 cMpc at

) from the cluster center and within a redshift range of

, which leads to galaxy overdensities of

and

. The cluster core and the extended DSFG- and SFG-rich structures together demonstrate an active cluster formation phase, in which the cluster is accreting a significant amount of material from large-scale structure while the more mature core may begin to virialize. Our finding of this DSFG-rich structure, along with a number of other protoclusters with excess DSFGs and AGNs found to date, suggest that the overdensities of these rare sources indeed trace significant mass overdensities. However, it remains puzzling how these intense star formers are triggered concurrently. Although an increased probability of galaxy interactions and/or enhanced gas supply can trigger the excess of DSFGs, our stacking analysis based on 850 μm images and morphological analysis based on rest-frame optical imaging do not show such enhancements of merger fraction and gas content in this structure.
ACCELERATION OF COMPACT RADIO JETS ON SUB-PARSEC SCALES
Authors: Lee Sang-Sung , Lobanov Andrei P. , Krichbaum Thomas P. , Zensus J. Anton 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Jets of compact radio sources are highly relativistic and Doppler boosted, making studies of their intrinsic properties difficult. Observed brightness temperatures can be used to study the intrinsic physical properties of relativistic jets, and constrain models of jet formation in the inner jet region. We aim to observationally test such inner jet models. The very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) cores of compact radio sources are optically thick at a given frequency. The distance of the core from the central engine is inversely proportional to the frequency. Under the equipartition condition between the magnetic field energy and particle energy densities, the absolute distance of the VLBI core can be predicted. We compiled the brightness temperatures of VLBI cores at various radio frequencies of 2, 8, 15, and 86 GHz. We derive the brightness temperature on sub-parsec scales in the rest frame of the compact radio sources. We find that the brightness temperature increases with increasing distance from the central engine, indicating that the intrinsic jet speed (the Lorentz factor) increases along the jet. This implies that the jets are accelerated in the (sub-)parsec regions from the central engine.
FERMI-LAT GAMMA-RAY DETECTIONS OF CLASSICAL NOVAE V1369 CENTAURI 2013 AND V5668 SAGITTARII 2015
Authors: Cheung C. C. , Jean P. , Shore S. N. , Stawarz Ł. , Corbet R. H. D. , Knödlseder J. , Starrfield S. , Wood D. L. , Desiante R. , Longo F. , Pivato G. , Wood K. S. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) detections of high-energy (>100 MeV) γ-ray emission from two recent optically bright classical novae, V1369 Centauri 2013 and V5668 Sagittarii 2015. At early times, Fermi target-of-opportunity observations prompted by their optical discoveries provided enhanced LAT exposure that enabled the detections of γ-ray onsets beginning ∼2 days after their first optical peaks. Significant γ-ray emission was found extending to 39–55 days after their initial LAT detections, with systematically fainter and longer-duration emission compared to previous γ-ray-detected classical novae. These novae were distinguished by multiple bright optical peaks that encompassed the time spans of the observed γ-rays. The γ-ray light curves and spectra of the two novae are presented along with representative hadronic and leptonic models, and comparisons with other novae detected by the LAT are discussed.
Thomas d’Aquin et l’analogie théologico-politique du bien commun
Authors: Barlier Antoine 
Published: July 2016

Les usages de la notion de « bien commun » sont multiples chez Thomas d’Aquin et s’appliquent à des réalités diverses. En étudiant la cohérence de sa pensée politique, qu’il est possible de qualifier en un certain sens de « théologie politique », une conception analogique du bien commun semble apparaître clairement. Cet horizon trouve son origine dans les sources à la fois théologiques, philosophiques et juridiques auxquelles Thomas d’Aquin vient puiser pour forger une doctrine politique originale.
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide as a Core Sample Processing Solvent on Invertebrate Biomass
Authors: Hagy Heath M. , McKnight J. Scot 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Scientists estimate biomass of invertebrates to evaluate wetland management practices, estimate energetic carrying capacity for wildlife, assess habitat condition and disturbance, and quantify ecosystem services. For waterfowl and other waterbirds in North America, carrying capacity in migratory and wintering regions is estimated using food density, of which invertebrates can be a significant component. However, we are not aware of previous literature that has described the effects of reagents used during core sample processing on invertebrate biomass and abundance. We tested the effects of hydrogen peroxide on aquatic invertebrates to determine whether a reagent used to disassociate soils during core sample processing biased estimates of biomass and abundance. Wet masses of chironomid larvae were less (x̄ = 23.5% loss) in samples exposed to hydrogen peroxide than those exposed only to tap water and biomass decreased approximately 2.9% with each minute of exposure time. Dry mass of larvae was less in samples exposed to hydrogen peroxide than in those exposed only to tap water (x̄ = 2.5% loss), but we did not detect an effect of exposure time on mass lost. Hydrogen peroxide did not influence the abundance of macro- or microinvertebrates in test samples. Thus, bias associated with dry mass estimates of invertebrates from core samples treated with hydrogen peroxide is likely minimal in terms of application in energetic carrying capacity models. However, use of hydrogen peroxide during core sample processing may cause significant bias if biomass estimates are based on wet mass.