bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Italian Version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire (Ita-MAUQ): Translation and Validation Study in People With Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Podda Jessica , Grange Erica , Susini Alessia , Tacchino Andrea , Di Antonio Federica , Pedullà Ludovico , Brichetto Giampaolo , Ponzio Michela 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Telemedicine and mobile health (mHealth) apps have emerged as powerful tools in health care, offering convenient access to services and empowering participants in managing their health. Among populations with chronic and progressive disease such as multiple sclerosis (MS), mHealth apps hold promise for enhancing self-management and care. To be used in clinical practice, the validity and usability of mHealth tools should be tested. The most commonly used method for assessing the usability of electronic technologies are questionnaires.

Objective
This study aimed to translate and validate the English version of the mHealth App Usability Questionnaire into Italian (ita-MAUQ) in a sample of people with MS.

Methods
The 18-item mHealth App Usability Questionnaire was forward- and back-translated from English into Italian by an expert panel, following scientific guidelines for translation and cross-cultural adaptation. The ita-MAUQ (patient version for stand-alone apps) comprises 3 subscales, which are ease of use, interface and satisfaction, and usefulness. After interacting with DIGICOG-MS (Digital Assessment of Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis), a novel mHealth app for cognitive self-assessment in MS, people completed the ita-MAUQ and the System Usability Scale, included to test construct validity of the translated questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and construct validity were assessed. Known-groups validity was examined based on disability levels as indicated by the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score and gender.

Results
In total, 116 people with MS (female n=74; mean age 47.2, SD 14 years; mean EDSS 3.32, SD 1.72) were enrolled. The ita-MAUQ demonstrated acceptable model fit, good internal consistency (Cronbach α=0.92), and moderate test-retest reliability (intraclass coefficient correlation 0.84). Spearman coefficients revealed significant correlations between the ita-MAUQ total score; the ease of use (5 items), interface and satisfaction (7 items), and usefulness subscales; and the System Usability Scale (all P values <.05). Known-group analysis found no difference between people with MS with mild and moderate EDSS (all P values >.05), suggesting that ambulation ability, mainly detected by the EDSS, did not affect the ita-MAUQ scores. Interestingly, a statistical difference between female and male participants concerning the ease of use ita-MAUQ subscale was found (P=).

Conclusions
The ita-MAUQ demonstrated high reliability and validity and it might be used to evaluate the usability, utility, and acceptability of mHealth apps in people with MS.
AI Governance: A Challenge for Public Health
Authors: Wagner Jennifer K , Doerr Megan , Schmit Cason D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) is structuralizing social, political, and economic determinants of health into the invisible algorithms that shape all facets of modern life. Nevertheless, AI holds immense potential as a public health tool, enabling beneficial objectives such as precision public health and medicine. Developing an AI governance framework that can maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of AI is a significant challenge. The benefits of public health engagement in AI governance could be extensive. Here, we describe how several public health concepts can enhance AI governance. Specifically, we explain how (1) harm reduction can provide a framework for navigating the governance debate between traditional regulation and “soft law” approaches; (2) a public health understanding of social determinants of health is crucial to optimally weigh the potential risks and benefits of AI; (3) public health ethics provides a toolset for guiding governance decisions where individual interests intersect with collective interests; and (4) a One Health approach can improve AI governance effectiveness while advancing public health outcomes. Public health theories, perspectives, and innovations could substantially enrich and improve AI governance, creating a more equitable and socially beneficial path for AI development.
Accuracy of a Smart Diaper System for Nursing Home Residents for Automatically Detecting Voided Volume: Instrument Validation Study
Authors: Kim Jae Heon , Lee Ui Cheol , Jeong Byeong Hun , Kang Byeong Uk , Shim Sung Ryul , Jeong In Gab 
Published: September 2024

Background
Diapers are commonly used by older patients with urination disorders. A smart diaper system (SDS) may be able to estimate the weight of urine comparably to conventional measurements made by weighing diapers.

Objective
The aim of the current research is to determine the degree of accuracy of an SDS technology specifically designed for the management of urination routines and the use of incontinence pads in older adults.

Methods
From January to December 2022, 97 older patients with at least 1 chronic disease from 3 nursing homes were included. In this study, the SDS was used for 1 month per patient after obtaining their consent; all patients originally used traditional diapers in the nursing home. The index test measured the change in electrical resistance of the SDS and the reference test measured the change in actual urine weight. When measuring the actual urine weight, the degree of absorption was directly confirmed with the naked eye because the expression value varied according to pressure changes caused by the user’s movement or position. The Pearson correlation was used to determine the correlation between the 2 test methods, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to check the degree of agreement between the evaluators, and the Bland-Altman test was used to confirm whether there was a significant difference between the 2 test methods.

Results
The average age of the 97 participants was 86.48 (SD 6.26) years, with 10 men and 87 women. There were 73 patients (75%) with hypertension, 86 patients (88%) with dementia, and 86 patients (88%) with 2 or more comorbidities, accounting for the majority. The Pearson correlation coefficient and ICC were 0.971 and 0.985 (P<.001). In the Bland-Altman figure, the difference in the mean between the 2 tests was evenly scattered without showing a specific pattern, indicating that the SDS and actual urine weight were very consistent. The difference between the mean of the 2 tests was –0.045 of the standardized mean difference, and all measurements were located within the 95% CI, so this confirms that the 2 test methods are equivalent.

Conclusions
Our study showed a fairly high correlation coefficient and ICC for all patient groups, which reveals that the 2 tests were very consistent and that the SDS can replace traditional diapers, even in a real clinical setting. This study shows the possibility that heath care professionals could be alerted by the SDS to the need for pad replacement due to incontinence, thus avoiding the development of dermatological complications.
Polyethylene wear and cup migration of cemented total hip arthroplasty with femoral heads made of oxidized zirconium, steel, or cobalt chromium: a 10-year secondary analysis from a randomized trial using radiostereometry
Authors: Johannessen Håkon Greve , Hallan Geir , Kadar Thomas , Fenstad Anne Marie , Lygre Stein Håkon Låstad , Haugan Kristin , Høl Paul Johan , Badawy Mona , Jonsson Benedikt , Indrekvam Kari , Aamodt Arild , Furnes Ove 
Published: September 2024

Background and purpose: We aimed to evaluate polyethylene (PE) wear, cup migration, and clinical outcome over 10 years in total hip arthroplasties (THA) using different articulations.Methods: This is a secondary analysis of 150 patients randomized into 5 groups, using different articulations: Charnley/Charnley Ogee for steel and conventional polyethylene (CPE), or Spectron EF/Reflection with either CPE or highly cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) cups, paired with heads made of either cobalt-chromium (CoCr) or oxidized zirconium (OxZr). All cups were cemented. Patients underwent repeated radiostereometric analysis (RSA) measurements for up to 10 years to assess wear and migration. Clinical outcome was assessed using Harris Hip Score (HHS).Results: After 10 years, the XLPE cups demonstrated low wear rates: 0.08 mm (95% confidence interval [CI] –0.11 to 0.26 mm) with CoCr heads and 0.06 mm (CI –0.14 to 0.26 mm) with OxZr heads, with a mean difference of 0.01 mm (CI –0.26 to 0.29 mm). In contrast, CPE cups exhibited significantly more wear: 1.35 mm (CI 1.16 to 1.55 mm) with CoCr heads and 1.68 mm (CI 1.44 to 1.92 mm) with OxZr heads, with a mean difference of 0.33 mm (CI 0.02 to 0.64 mm). The Charnley/Ogee group (CPE) showed PE wear of 0.34 mm (CI 0.12 to 0.56 mm). The CPE groups with OxZr and CoCr heads had 0.67 mm (CI 0.38 to 0.96 mm) and 0.35 mm (CI 0.09 to 0.61 mm) greater proximal migration respectively than the corresponding XLPE groups. HHS was similar across all groups.Conclusion: We found no significant advantage of OxZr over CoCr heads in reducing wear or migration. XLPE demonstrated a major reduction in wear as well as a reduction in cup migration compared with CPE. Charnley performed better than the other CPE cups in terms of PE wear and cup migration. No differences in clinical outcome were found.
Micronutrient homeostasis disturbances in women with gestational diabetes mellitus and subclinical hypothyroidism: effects on pregnancy and outcomes
Authors: Leffad L. M. , Startseva N. M. , Semyatov S. M. , Anikeev A. S. , Kovaleva V. A. , Gazaryan L. G. , Kizima N. K. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To characterize micronutrient homeostasis in women with a combination of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH), and to determine the significance of micronutrient imbalance in complicated pregnancies.Material and Methods. The study analyzed 439 birth histories of patients with GDM and SCH, who underwent plasma micronutrient analysis at 12−13 weeks of gestation. The study examined the patients' anthropometric and medical history data, complications during the current pregnancy, the timing and method of delivery, and newborn conditions. Some of these indicators were compared with previously obtained plasma micronutrient levels (Al, Co, Cu, Fe and others) measured at 12−13 weeks of gestation.Results. The analysis of micronutrient concentrations in plasma at 12−13 weeks of gestation revealed iron deficiency in 250 patients (57%), iodine deficiency in 231 patients (52.6%), cobalt deficiency in 229 patients (52.2%), vitamin B12 deficiency in 285 patients (64.9%), and vitamin D deficiency in 280 patients (63.6%). Iron deficiency was significantly more common in pregnant women with overweight and obesity than in those with normal body weight (χ2 =.14 and 5.32, respectively). The risk of developing iron deficiency also increased with higher body weight (1.81-fold for overweight (95% CI 1.2–2.73) and 2.07-fold for obesity (95% CI 1.11–3.86). Around 50% of patients with threatened preterm birth had cobalt deficiency and 59% of patients with anemia had iron deficiency. Selenium, calcium, and vitamin B12 deficiencies were observed in 55%, 70%, and 73% of patients with preeclampsia (PE), respectively.Conclusion. The observed deficiency of certain micronutrients in specific pregnancy complications suggests that correcting micronutrient levels during pre-conception or early gestation may improve pregnancy outcomes.
Long-term results of outpatient rehabilitation after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Authors: Zvereva T. N. , Samus I. V. , Pronina A. A. , Lyapina I. N. 
Published: September 2024

Aim. To assess the impact of adherence to various outpatient rehabilitation programs during the first three months after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) on the development of cardiovascular events over four years of follow-up.Materials and Methods. The study evaluated the influence of adherence to outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs on the incidence of cardiovascular events in patients following open coronary artery revascularization surgery. Adherence to cardiac rehabilitation was assessed over a threemonth period, and the observation period for cardiovascular events extended to four years from the time of the surgery.Results. During the first year of observation, we did not find significant differences in the effectiveness and safety of outpatient cardiac rehabilitation programs. However, we revealed statistically significant differences in the patient adherence to physical training. Over the four-year observation period, a higher number of cardiovascular events were recorded in the group of patients who were non-adherent to physical training. Statistically significant differences were observed with regards to the incidence of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death.Conclusion. Adherence to recommendations following open revascularization procedures is crucial for the prognosis of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Modern methods of providing medical care in the outpatient phase of cardiac rehabilitation enable patients to engage in effective and safe physical training comparable to those conducted in specialized cardiac rehabilitation facilities under the direct supervision of medical personnel.
Prognostic significance of electrophysiological study in drug-induced type-1 Brugada syndrome: a brief systematic review
Authors: Mascia Giuseppe , Brugada Josep , Barca Luca , Benenati Stefano , Della Bona Roberta , Scarà Antonio , Russo Vincenzo , Arbelo Elena , Di Donna Paolo , Porto Italo 
Published: September 2024

Background
Risk stratification in drug-induced type-1 Brugada syndrome (BrS) patients is challenging. The role of electrophysiological study (EPS) is debated as the majority of drug-induced type-1 BrS patients would not be studied according to the latest recommendations.

Methods
A complete systematic literature search was performed to gauge the EPS role in this population. Three subgroups were defined: positive-EPS group, negative-EPS group, no-EPS group.

Results
Among 1318 drug-induced type-1 BrS patients, no significant difference in the incidence rate of arrhythmic events was observed between groups (I2 = 45%, P for subgroup difference = 0.10) during a mean follow-up of 5.1 years, also considering symptomatic status.

Conclusion
In long-term follow-up of drug-induced type-1 BrS patients, EPS does not seem to aid prognostic stratification.
Genetic variants in patients with recurrent pericarditis
Authors: Imazio Massimo , Faletra Flavio , Zucco Jessica , Mio Catia , Carraro Matteo , Gava Alberto Maria , De Biasio Marzia , Damante Giuseppe , Collini Valentino 
Published: September 2024

Aims
Presence of family cases and multiple recurrences of pericarditis suggest the existence of a possible genetic background in at least 10% of cases. The aim of the present study is to describe the genetic landscape of a cohort of patients with multiple recurrences (at least two recurrences).

Methods
Retrospective cohort study of consecutive adult patients referred for at least two episodes of recurrences in a tertiary referral centre. Genetic testing was performed by whole exome sequencing (WES).

Results
Our cohort included 108 consecutive patients with recurrent pericarditis [median age 32 years, interquartile range (IQR) 18.5; 67.6% females, all Caucasian, idiopathic aetiology in 71.1%] with a median number of recurrences of 5 (IQR 2). Overall, 16 patients (14.8%) had variants in genes related to the inflammatory response. Eleven variants were located in genes already associated with recurrent pericarditis (NLRP3, TNFRSF1A and MEFV) and five in inflammation/immunodeficiency-related genes (IFIH1, NFKBIA, JAK1, NOD2 and ALPK1). Furthermore, we identified 10 patients with variants located in genes associated with conduction system-related diseases, and 22 variants in 21 patients with genes associated with heart structural-related diseases.

Conclusion
In this first observational study using WES to assess genetic variants in patients with multiple recurrences of pericarditis, about 15% of patients bore at least one variant that may be related to the disease. These findings highlight the importance of addressing the role of genetic predisposition in recurrent pericarditis. Moreover, 28.7% of patients carry variants in different cardiac genes, worthy of a deeper investigation.
Image-based ECG analyzing deep-learning algorithm to predict biological age and mortality risks: interethnic validation
Authors: Cho Youngjin , Kim Ji Soo , Kim Joonghee , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Jung Se Young 
Published: September 2024

Background
Cardiovascular risk assessment is a critical component of healthcare, guiding preventive and therapeutic strategies. In this study, we developed and evaluated an image-based electrocardiogram (ECG) analyzing an artificial intelligence (AI) model that estimates biological age and mortality risk.

Methods
Using a dataset of 978 319 ECGs from 250 145 patients at Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, we developed a deep-learning model utilizing printed 12-lead ECG images to estimate patients’ age (ECG-Age) and 1- and 5-year mortality risks. The model was validated externally using the CODE-15% dataset from Brazil.

Results
The ECG-Age showed a high correlation with chronological age in both the internal and external validation datasets (Pearson's R = 0.888 and 0.852, respectively). In the internal validation, the direct mortality risk prediction models showed area under the curves (AUCs) of 0.843 and 0.867 for 5- and 1-year all-cause mortality, respectively. For 5- and 1-year cardiovascular mortality, the AUCs were 0.920 and 0.916, respectively. In the CODE-15%, the mortality risk predictions showed AUCs of 0.818 and 0.836 for the prediction of 5- and 1-year all-cause mortality, respectively. Compared to the neutral Delta-Age (ECG-Age – chronological age) group, hazard ratios for deaths were 1.88 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.14–3.92], 2.12 (95% CI: 1.15–3.92), 4.46 (95% CI: 2.22–8.96) and 7.68 (95% CI: 3.32–17.76) for positive Delta-Age groups (5–10, 10–15, 15–20, >20), respectively.

Conclusion
An image-based AI-ECG model is a feasible tool for estimating biological age and assessing all-cause and cardiovascular mortality risks, providing a practical approach for utilizing standardized ECG images in predicting long-term health outcomes.
Poverty Alleviation and Rural Revitalization Analysis
Authors: Qi Ning , Zerun Wang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
China is transitioning between poverty alleviation strategies, with results yet to be fully tested. This paper analyzes 12 western provinces from 2013 to 2021, constructing an indicator system for effective connection based on achievement consolidation, expansion, and organic connection. Using the entropy weight method and coupling coordination degree model, it finds that effective connection levels improve yearly but vary regionally. High-effective connection provinces excel in organic connection, while low-effective connection provinces focus more on consolidation. Regional development, education, urbanization, and transportation positively impact effective connection, while land constraints hinder it.
Delaunay Triangulation in the Big Data Landscape: A Parallel Optimization Approach
Authors: Zhou Shuqiang , Wang Yankun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the era of big data, from digital cities to digital earth, the exponential growth of spatial information due to the development of diverse data collection technologies has been a significant concern. Delaunay triangulation has garnered widespread attention and application in geomorphological analysis, topographic simulation, and cartographic synthesis due to its minimal data redundancy and excellent stability. However, as the application fields of Delaunay triangular mesh models continue to expand and application requirements deepen, especially with the urgent need to address real-time large-scale scene rendering and terrain visualization, the efficiency, accuracy, and stability of Delaunay triangulation meshes are increasingly demanded. This paper proposes a parallel optimization algorithm based on the insertion point method, following an analysis of the traditional insertion point method, and demonstrates its effectiveness through a series of experiments.
Mechanisms of Workplace Spirituality on Employee Innovative Performance
Authors: Ding Tianwei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In the context of the knowledge economy, innovation is the source of sustainable development of enterprises. Compared with traditional motivational factors, intrinsic spirituality attributes are more capable of driving employees to enhance innovation performance. The article introduces workplace spirituality into the field of innovation management, explores the mechanism of workplace spirituality on employees’ innovation performance, and constructs a theoretical model with thriving at work and role breadth self-efficacy as mediator variables and viewpoint selection as moderator variables. In this study, based on 522 valid questionnaires from 72 firms, the relationships of the variables in the theoretical framework were empirically examined using structural equation modeling. The test results showed that (1) workplace spirituality positively predicted employees’ innovative performance; (2) thriving at work and role breadth self-efficacy both partially mediated the relationship between workplace spirituality and innovative performance; and (3) perspective-taking played a significant positive moderating role in the relationships between thriving at work and innovative performance, and role breadth self-efficacy and innovative performance, and perspective-taking positively moderated the mediating effects of thriving at work and role breadth self-efficacy.
Control System Design for Accurate Operation of Auxiliary Excavator Clusters
Authors: Guo De-hua , Wang Xu-xin , Zhang Xu-xu , Duan Xiao-feng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In recent years, with advancements in machine control automation and intelligent systems, both domestic and international research has increasingly focused on the automation and semi-automation of excavator control. This study introduces an auxiliary control system for excavator fleets, which utilizes sensor and wireless communication technologies. The research investigates the excavation errors that arise when operators rely on personal vision and experience in complex working environments, as well as the challenges of managing large fleets of excavators. By assisting operators in controlling the excavators, the system significantly reduces the operator’s experience requirements and work intensity and provides higher precision, consistency, and efficiency for excavation equipment. This method not only further improves the operating efficiency and excavation accuracy, but also saves the overall construction cost and improves the sustainability of the project.