bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current Status and Perspectives Regarding LNA‐Anti‐miR Oligonucleotides and microRNA miR‐21 Inhibitors as a Potential Therapeutic Option in Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Nedaeinia Reza , Avan Amir , Ahmadian Mehdi , Nia Sasan Nedaee , Ranjbar Maryam , Sharifi Mohammadreza , Goli Mohammad , Piroozmand Ahmad , Nourmohammadi Esmail , Manian Mostafa , Ferns Gordon A. , Ghayour‐Mobarhan Majid , Salehi Rasoul 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTColorectal cancer (CRC) is among the leading causes of cancer‐related death, principally due to its metastatic spread and multifactorial chemoresistance. The therapeutic failure can also be explained by inter‐ or intra‐tumor genetic heterogeneity and tumor stromal content. Thus, the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic options are warranted in the management of CRC patients. There are data showing that microRNA‐21 is elevated in different types of cancer, particularly colon adenocarcinoma and that this is association with a poor prognosis. This suggests that microRNA‐21 may be of value as a potential therapeutic target. Furthermore, locked nucleic acid (LNA)‐modified oligonucleotides have recently emerged as a therapeutic option for targeting dysregulated miRNAs in cancer therapy, through antisense‐based gene silencing. Further work is required to identify innovative anticancer drugs that improve the current therapy either through novel combinatorial approaches or with better efficacy than conventional drugs. We aimed to provide an overview of the preclinical and clinical studies targeting key dysregulated signaling pathways in CRC as well as the therapeutic application of LNA‐modified oligonucleotides, and miR inhibitors in the treatment of CRC patients. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4129–4140, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dcf1 Improves Behavior Deficit in Drosophila and Mice Caused by Optogenetic Suppression
Authors: Liu Qiang , Gan Linhua , Ni Jian , Chen Yu , Chen Yanlu , Huang Zhili , Huang Xu , Wen Tieqiao 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTOptogenetics play a significant role in neuroscientific research by providing a tool for understanding neural circuits and brain functions. Natronomonas pharaonis halorhodopsin (NpHR) actively pumps chloride ions into the cells and hyperpolarizes neuronal membranes in response to yellow light. In this study, we generated transgenic Drosophila expressing NpHR under the control of the Gal4/UAS system and virus‐infected mice expressing NpHR to explore the effect of dendritic cell factor 1 (Dcf1) on the behavior mediated by the mushroom body in Drosophila and the dentate gyrus (DG) in mice. Study of optogenetic behavior showed that NpHR suppressed the behavior in Drosophila larvae and mice, whereas Dcf1 rescued this suppression. These results suggest that Dcf1 plays an important role in behavior induced by the mushroom body and the hippocampus and provides novel insights into their functions. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4210–4215, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
FOXM1 Transcription Factor: A New Component of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cell Proliferation Advantage
Authors: Mancini Manuela , Castagnetti Fausto , Soverini Simona , Leo Elisa , De Benedittis Caterina , Gugliotta Gabriele , Rosti Gianantonio , Bavaro Luana , De Santis Sara , Monaldi Cecilia , Martelli Margherita , Santucci Maria Alessandra , Cavo Michele , Martinelli Giovanni 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTFOXM1 transcription factor is a central component of tumor initiation, growth, and progression due to its multiple effects on cell cycle, DNA repair, angiogenesis and invasion, chromatin, protein anabolism, and cell adhesion. Moreover, FOXM1 interacts with β‐catenin promoting its nuclear import and transcriptional activation. Here, we show that FOXM1 is involved in the advantage of chronic myeloid leukemia hematopoiesis over the normal counterpart. FOXM1 hyper‐activation associated with BCR‐ABL1 results from phosphorylation by the fusion protein kinase‐dependent activation of Polo‐like kinase 1. FOXM1 phosphorylation lets its binding with β‐catenin and β‐catenin transcriptional activation, a key event for persistence of the leukemic stem cell compartment under tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Polo‐like kinase 1 inhibitor BI6727, already advanced for clinical use, breaks β‐catenin interaction with FOXM1, hence hampering FOXM1 phosphorylation, β‐catenin binding, nuclear import, and downstream signaling. In conclusion, our results support Polo‐like kinase 1/FOXM1 axis as a complementary target to eradicate leukemic early progenitor/stem cell compartment in chronic myeloid leukemia. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3968–3975, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comprehensive Dissection of Transcriptome Data and Regulatory Factors in Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Authors: Akbari Bijan , Mohammadnia Abdulshakour , Yaqubi Moein , Wee Ping , Mahdiuni Hamid 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTFeatures of pancreatic cancers include high mortality rates caused by rapid tumor progression and a lack of effective therapy. Underpinning the molecular mechanisms involved in the alteration of the gene expression program in the pancreatic cancer remains to be understood. In the current study, we performed a comprehensive analysis using 282 pancreatic tumor and normal samples from seven independent expression data sets to provide a better view on the interactions between different transcription factors (TFs) and the most affected biological pathways in pancreatic cancer. We highlighted common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and common affected processes within pancreatic cancer samples. We revealed 16 main DE‐TFs that regulated gene expression alterations as well as the most significant processes in pancreatic cancer compared to normal cells. For example, we found the upregulated FOXM1 to be a top regulator of pancreatic cellular transformation based on results from different analyses, including from its regulation of gene regulatory networks, its presence in protein complex, its significant regulation of genes related to cancer pathways, and its regulation of most of the identified DE‐TFs. Furthermore, we provided a model and assessed the role of different DE‐TFs in the regulation of the most affected pancreatic‐ and cancer‐specific processes. In conclusion, our bioinformatics meta‐analysis of high throughput expression data sets, besides clarifying common affected genes and pathways, also showed the mechanisms involved in regulating these common profiles. Our results, especially for DE‐TFs, could potentially be useful for screening for pancreatic cancer, and for confirming or determining novel pharmacological targets. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3976–3985, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Orthostatic dizziness in Parkinson's disease is attributed to cerebral hypoperfusion: A transcranial doppler study
Authors: Park Jinse , Kim Hee‐Tae , Park Kang Min , Ha Sam Yeol , Kim Sung Eun , Shin Kyong Jin , Kim Si Eun , Jang Wooyoung , Kim Ji Sun , Youn Jinyoung , Oh Engsoek , Park Suyeon 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesOrthostatic hypotension (OH) is controversially regarded as the cause of orthostatic dizziness in Parkinson's disease (PD). We sought to evaluate whether cerebral autoregulation is an alternative cause for orthostatic dizziness in PD patients, using transcranial Doppler monitoring during head‐up tilting.MethodsForty‐five PD patients with dizziness, 13 PD patients without dizziness, and 10 age‐matched healthy controls were enrolled. Participants were divided into the following four groups: patients with dizziness and OH (group 1, n = 22), patients with dizziness but no OH (n = 23, group 2), patients without dizziness (n = 11, group 3), and age‐matched healthy controls (n = 10, group 4). All participants underwent transcranial Doppler and blood pressure monitoring for 10 minutes during the head‐up tilt test. Changes in the cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) in the middle cerebral artery and the mean blood pressure (mBP) within 3 minutes after head‐up tilting were compared between groups.ResultsGroup 1 showed a significantly higher change in mBP (−16.3 ± 10.8 mmHg) than groups 2 (−2.6 ± 4.9), 3 (−2.2 ± 3.6), or 4 (1.8 ± 6.0) (p < 0.001). However, groups 3 (4.6 ± 3.0 cm/s) and 4 (−4.2 ± 2.5) showed a significantly smaller change in CBFV than groups 1 (−9.0 ± 4.2) and 2 (−8.1 ± 5.1) (p < 0.01).ConclusionsOur results suggest that cerebral hypoperfusion contributes to dizziness in PD patients despite a lack of OH. Transcranial Doppler monitoring during head‐up tilting may be a useful tool for evaluating dizziness in PD patients with or without OH. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:337–342, 2017;
Effects of metals cadmium and chromium alone and in combination on the liver and kidney tissue of male Spraque‐Dawley rats: An ultrastructural and electron‐energy‐loss spectroscopy investigation
Authors: Venter Chantelle , Oberholzer Hester Magdalena , Cummings Franscious Riccardo , Bester Megan Jean 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHeavy metal pollution has increased in the last decades. Water sources are contaminated and human exposure is often long term exposure to variable amounts of different metals. In this study, male Sprague‐Dawley rats were exposed via oral gavage for 28 days to cadmium (Cd) and chromium (Cr), alone and in combination at concentrations 1000 times the human World Health Organization's acceptable water limits. Rat equivalent dosages were used. Blood markers of liver and kidney function were measured, changes to cellular morphology was determined with transmission electron microscopy and the intracellular metal localisation was determined with the electron energy‐loss spectroscopy and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy analysis. Both Cd and Cr caused changes to the nuclear and mitochondrial membranes and irregular chromatin condensation of hepatocytes. Cr exposure caused dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). The combination caused nuclear and mitochondrial membrane damage as well as irregular chromatin condensation. In the kidney tissue, Cd caused irregular chromatin condensation in the cells of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT). Cr caused changes to the outer nuclear and mitochondrial membrane and chromatin structure. The combination group caused membrane damage, irregular chromatin condensation and rER changes in the PCT. All the metal groups showed damage to the endothelial cells and pedicles, but not to the mesangial cells. Cd and Cr bio‐accumulation was observed in the nucleus, mitochondria and rER of the liver and kidney and therefore are responsible for the cellular observed damage that can cause functional changes to the tissues and organs.
New hydrocolloid‐based emulsions for replacing fat in panna cottas: a structural and sensory study
Authors: Borreani Jennifer , Hernando Isabel , Salvador Ana , Quiles Amparo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDDairy desserts are popular traditional products, but because of their high calorie or fat content, they can be unsuitable for people who have certain dietary requirements. The aim of this study was to design panna cottas with similar organoleptic and textural properties to the traditional ones but with a lower fat content, by replacing part of the cream with new emulsions prepared with hydrocolloids (cellulose ethers), namely methylcellulose (MC) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC).RESULTSIncorporating the MC and HPMC emulsions modified the textural properties (firmness and stiffness) of the panna cottas. Regarding the sensory results, the panna cottas prepared with the MC and HPMC emulsions were considered lumpy and soft respectively.CONCLUSIONConsidering the results as a whole, the cellulose type and the amount of cream are factors to take into account. Although the texture and taste of the control panna cotta are better than those of the panna cottas prepared with the MC and HPMC emulsions, it is possible to replace 75% of the cream in traditional panna cottas with HPMC emulsion and obtain good consumer acceptance and purchase intention. The panna cottas with 75% substitution by HPMC emulsion were described as creamy, with smooth appearance and moist mouth feel. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Mechanical and structural characterization of whey protein concentrate/montmorillonite/lycopene films
Authors: Pereira Rafaela C , Carneiro João de Deus S , Assis Odílio BG , Borges Soraia V 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe production/characterization of nanocomposites based on whey protein concentrate (WPC) and montmorillonite (MMT) with lycopene as functional substance is presented and their potential use as alternative biomaterials in foodstuff applications is discussed. A full factorial design with varying levels of MMT (0 and 20 g kg−1) and lycopene (0, 60 and 120 g kg−1) was used. The mechanical properties (tensile and puncture tests), thermal stability, Fourier transform infrared vibrational spectra and film morphology of the resulting materials were evaluated.RESULTSLycopene and MMT nanoparticles could be successfully included in WPC films using the casting/evaporation method. The films were flexible and homogeneous and a uniform dispersion of the components was achieved.CONCLUSIONInclusion of 20 g kg−1 of MMT in the polymeric matrix improved both mechanical and thermal properties. Lycopene at the tested concentrations, besides its red coloring ability, did not promote any detectable interference in the structural or physical properties. These findings are important in devising applications and open a new perspective on the use of these materials in bioactive packaging processing. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Location of residual viable tumor cells after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: A new concept with high prognostic performance in osteosarcoma
Authors: Kim Seung Hyun , Shin Kyoo‐Ho , Moon Seong‐Hwan , Kong Youngho , Suh Jin‐Suck , Yang Woo‐Ick 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVESThe purpose of this study was to establish a new concept for evaluating responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma.METHODSA total of 56 high‐grade extremity osteosarcoma patients were retrospectively reviewed. A new conceptual method was derived from locations of residual viable tumor cells (LRVTC) after chemotherapy, whether extracompartmental or intracompartmental, rather than quantitative measurements of necrosis rates of tumor cells.RESULTSLRVTC after chemotherapy was independently associated with overall survival ([OS]hazard ratio [HR] = 6.502, P = 0.008) after adjustment for Huvos grade (HR = 3.694, P = 0.045), alkaline phosphatase ([ALP] HR = 2.140, P = 0.226), size (HR = 0.318, P = 0.133), joint extension (HR = 2.309, P = 0.162), and metastasis at diagnosis (HR = 8.228, P = 0.009). LRVTC was also independently associated with metastasis (HR = 5.096, P = 0.002) after adjustment for Huvos grade (HR = 2.261, P = 0.101), ALP (HR = 2.558, P = 0.053), size (HR = 1.280, P = 0.641), and joint extension (HR = 1.800, P = 0.254). AUC values of LRVTC for OS and metastasis were superior to those of Huvos grade: AUCs for OS (LRVTC: 0.757, Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.618 to 0.865 vs Huvos grade: 0.590, [CI] = 0.445 to 0.725; AUC = 0.167, P = 0.086) and metastasis (LRVTC: 0.769, CI = 0.631 to 0.874 vs Huvos grade: 0.606, [CI] = 0.461 to 0.739; AUC = 0.163, P = 0.046).CONCLUSIONSLRVTC after chemotherapy may be useful as a new method with high performance for evaluating chemo‐responses in osteosarcoma.
Magnetic solid‐phase extraction based on carbon nanotubes for the determination of polyether antibiotic and s‐triazine drug residues in animal food with LC–MS/MS
Authors: Liu Xiaoxing , Xie Shuyu , Ni Tengteng , Chen Dongmei , Wang Xu , Pan Yuanhu , Wang Yulian , Huang Lingli , Cheng Guyue , Qu Wei , Liu Zhenli , Tao Yanfei , Yuan Zonghui 
Published: April 2017

Carbon nanotubes‐magnetic nanoparticles, comprising ferroferric oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes, were prepared through a simple one‐step synthesis method and subsequently applied to magnetic solid‐phase extraction for the determination of polyether antibiotic and s‐triazine drug residues in animal food coupled with liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. The nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The components within the nanocomposites endowed the material with high extraction performance and manipulative convenience. Compared with carbon nanotubes, the as‐prepared carbon nanotubes‐magnetic nanoparticles showed better extraction and separation efficiencies for polyether antibiotics and s‐triazine drugs thanks to the contribution of the iron‐containing magnetic nanoparticles. Various experimental parameters affecting the extraction efficiency had been investigated in detail. Under the optimal conditions, the good linearity ranging from 1 to 200 μg/kg for diclazuril, toltrazuril, toltrazuril sulfone, lasalocid, monensin, salinomycin, narasin, nanchangmycin, and maduramicin, low limits of detection ranging from 1 to 5 μg/kg, and satisfactory spiked recoveries (77.1–91.2%, with the inter relative standard deviation values from 4.0 to 12.2%) were shown. It was confirmed that this novel method was an efficient pretreatment and enrichment procedure and could be successfully applied for extraction and determination of polyether and s‐triazine drug residues in complex matrices.
Rapid determination of oligomeric hindered amine light stabilizers in polymeric materials
Authors: Kreisberger Georg , Buchberger Wolfgang W. 
Published: April 2017

Hindered amine light stabilizers are essential for the stabilization of synthetic polymers, particularly for materials used for outdoor applications. Although up to now a considerable number of studies dealing with the analytics of this class of stabilizers had been published, especially the determination of oligomeric hindered amine light stabilizers is still an analytical challenge. In the current work, a fast and simple liquid chromatographic method for the quantitative determination of oligomeric hindered amine light stabilizers is presented. A key aspect of this method is their completely different retention behavior depending on the pH, enabling a single peak elution approach by a pH gradient run. This allows a quantitation with simple UV detection independent of the actual oligomeric composition. Calibration curves within the concentration range relevant for the analysis of real polymer samples (LOQ = 70 mg/L) were constructed with R2 values above 0.99. Spiked extracts from polyolefin samples showed recovery rates between 97.3 and 102.9% for five different commercial hindered amine light stabilizers. Relative standard deviations were between 2.0 and 3.9%. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the employed approach can be easily adapted for mass spectrometry detection.
An analysis of international employment levels in hospitality occupations using secondary statistics
Authors: Koens Anna , Wood Roy C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFrequent claims are made for the importance of the hospitality industry, and wider tourism sector, as potential and actual creators of employment. Many of these claims emanate from industry representative and advocacy organizations, often as part of their legitimate efforts to lobby governments for favourable treatment of their sectors. Good quality universal statistical data on employment in hospitality are noticeable by their absence, although information collected by bodies such as the International Labour Organization is extensive. This paper reviews the current state of data availability on global hospitality employment (with a primary focus on commercial hospitality operations) and seeks to employ these secondary sources in investigating the question as to whether we can in fact make plausible statements about the extent of such employment. This exercise is important both to contextualizing claims made for the employment generating capacity of the hospitality industry and to shedding light on the degree of seriousness with which data might be treated in wider policy contexts. The paper concludes, with cautious optimism, that commercial hospitality is a significant global employer and that the claims made for this employment by representative and advocacy organizations are plausible if treated with circumspection.
Exceptionally Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites via Incorporated Surface Porosity on Graphene Oxide Sheets
Authors: Kim Hyo Won , Yoon Ji Hye , Diederichsen Kyle M. , Shin Jae Eun , Yoo Byung Min , McCloskey Bryan D. , Park Ho Bum 
Published: April 2017

Although graphene‐based materials have been used as fillers in polymer nanocomposites, a deleterious trade‐off in mechanical strength and ductility is typically observed with increasing graphene loading, resulting in strong but brittle polymer nanocomposite materials. To provide outstanding compatibility with a standard high strength polymer, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), the use of a simple and mild sol‐gel reaction to chemically attached silica nanoparticles to graphene oxide (GO) basal plane is reported. The silica modification imparts a highly porous GO surface structure, providing noncovalent attachment sites that improve physical entanglement between the GO and TPU. Furthermore, the silica modification enhances surface polarity, which imparts chemical affinity between the silica/GO nanocomposite and TPU. As a result, the prepared polymer nanocomposites exhibit significantly improved Young's modulus and tensile strength with only a small reduction of elongation at break over the neat polymer.
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Myxobacteria in high moor and fen: An astonishing diversity in a neglected extreme habitat
Authors: Mohr Kathrin I. , Zindler Tanja , Wink Joachim , Wilharm Elke , Stadler Marc 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIncreasing antibiotic resistances of numerous pathogens mean that myxobacteria, well known producers of new antibiotics, are becoming more and more interesting. More than 100 secondary metabolites, most of them with bioactivity, were described from the order Myxococcales. Especially new myxobacterial genera and species turned out to be reliable sources for novel antibiotics and can be isolated from uncommon neglected habitats like, for example, acidic soils. Almost nothing is known about the diversity of myxobacteria in moors, except some information from cultivation studies of the 1970s. Therefore, we evaluated the myxobacterial community composition of acidic high moor and fen both with cultivation‐independent 16S rRNA clone bank analysis and with cultivation. Phylogenetic analyses of clone sequences revealed a great potential of undescribed myxobacteria in high moor and fen, whereby all sequences represent unknown taxa and were detected exclusively by cultivation‐independent analyses. However, many clones were assigned to sequences from other cultivation‐independent studies of eubacterial diversity in acidic habitats. Cultivation revealed different strains exclusively from the genus Corallococcus. Our study shows that the neglected habitat moor is a promising source and of high interest with regard to the cultivation of prospective new bioactive secondary metabolite producing myxobacteria.