bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between basal ganglia infarction and hemorrhagic transformation after mechanical thrombectomy in acute ischemic stroke: insights from the DIRECT-MT trial
Authors: Chen Rundong , Hua Weilong , Zhang Yilei , Zhang Yongxin , Zhang Hongjian , Zhang Yongwei , Liu Jianmin , Yang Pengfei , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAcute ischemic stroke (AIS) often leads to significant morbidity and mortality. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is an effective intervention for large vessel occlusion strokes. However, hemorrhagic transformation (HT) remains a critical post-procedural complication. This study investigates the relationship between basal ganglia infarction (BGI) and the risk of HT, particularly focusing on hemorrhagic infarction (HI) and parenchymal hematoma (PH).MethodsData from the DIRECT-MT trial were analyzed. Patients were categorized based on the presence of BGI identified on initial non-contrast CT. HT was classified into HI and PH following the Heidelberg criteria. Multivariate logistic regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) were used to assess the association between BGI and HT.ResultsAmong 607 patients, 273 had BGI. BGI was associated with a higher risk of HT, specifically PH. The incidence of PH in the BGI group was 20% compared with 11% in the non-BGI group. Adjusted analyses, including PSM and IPTW, confirmed the significant association between BGI and PH with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 2.51 (95% CI 1.49 to 4.22, P<0.001). However, no significant association was found between BGI and HI.ConclusionsBGI significantly increases the risk of PH following MT for AIS, underscoring the need for tailored therapeutic strategies in managing these patients. No significant correlation was observed between BGI and HI. Future research should explore the underlying mechanisms and validate these findings across diverse populations to improve patient outcomes.
Treatment of lactoferrin and antimicrobial peptide N6 on bacterial enteritis caused by Escherichia coli in mice
Authors: Ma Xuanxuan , Zhang Kun , Yang Na , Hao Ya , Mao Ruoyu , Teng Da , Wang Jianhua 
Published: October 2024

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea in humans and animals. The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bovine lactoferrin (bLf) as an adjuvant combined with AMP (N6) in the treatment of E. coli-induced bacterial enteritis. Firstly, 40 female ICR mice were randomly divided into four groups. The ETEC-A, ETEC-B, and ETEC-C groups were gavaged with 0.2 mL of ETEC K88 at 5 × 109, 5 × 108, and 5 × 107 CFU/mL for three consecutive days, respectively, the CK control group was given PBS. Based on the clinical symptoms and intestinal changes, the optimal model dose of ETEC K88 was determined to be 5 × 108 CFU/mL. Sixty female ICR mice were randomly divided into six groups: CK group (uninfected), NC group (infected and untreated), N6 treatment group (20 mg/kg), bLf treatment group (100 mg/kg), bLf + N6-A treatment group (10 mg/kg N6+100 mg/kg bLf), and bLf + N6-B group (20 mg/kg N6+100 mg/kg bLf). The clinical symptoms, intestinal morphology, inflammatory response and serum metabolites were monitored. The results showed that compared with the NC group, the bLf-N6-A and bLf-N6-B treatment groups had significant reductions in TNF-α and IL-6, significant increases in IL-10, and significant reductions in endotoxin and DAO in plasma ( p < 0.05). Meanwhile, the bLf-N6-A and bLf-N6-B treatment groups significantly increased the expression of ZO-1, claudin-1 and occludin, increased the height of small intestinal mucosal villi and VH/CD after ETEC K88-induced intestinal injury ( p < 0.05). The combination of bLf and N6 relieved enteritis by balancing intestinal mucosal immunity, improving intestinal morphology and barrier function. BLf combined with N6 can be used as an effective therapeutic strategy for the treatment of bacterial enteritis.
Jeans analysis in fractional gravity
Authors: Ourabah Kamel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIt has recently been demonstrated (Giusti in Phys Rev D 101:124029, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.101.124029) that characteristic traits of Milgrom’s modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) can be replicated from an entirely distinct framework: a fractional variant of Newtonian mechanics. To further assess its validity, this proposal needs to be tested in relevant astrophysical scenarios. Here, we investigate its implications on Jeans gravitational instability and related phenomena. We examine scenarios involving classical matter confined by gravity and extend our analysis to the quantum domain, through a Schrödinger–Newton approach. We also derive a generalized Lane–Emden equation associated with fractional gravity. Through comparisons between the derived stability criteria and the observed stability of Bok globules, we establish constraints on the theory’s parameters to align with observational data.
The Unified Theoretical Model for Predicting the Full-Cycle Stability of Hydraulic Tunnels
Authors: Zhao Nannan , Shao Zhushan , Wu Kui 
Published: October 2024

The stability of hydraulic tunnels is crucial to the safety of water conservancy and hydropower engineering. Previous studies mostly focused on evaluating the stability of hydraulic tunnels within a certain stage. This study presents a full-cycle stability prediction of hydraulic tunnels from the construction to the operation stages. The corresponding unified theoretical model is established, where the installation delay of lining is considered. On the premise that the rock satisfies the Hoek–Brown strength criterion, the mechanical responses of hydraulic tunnels are classified into six cases to discuss, according to the development laws of elastoplastic deformation of surrounding rock during the whole stage. The analytical solutions for the stress and displacement of surrounding rock are provided in each case, and the mathematical expressions are proposed for determining the critical support pressure (no plastic zone generated), minimum support pressure (no loosening zone generated) and critical water pressure (exchange of the directions of the maximum and minimum principal stresses), respectively. Furthermore, the reliability of the theoretical derivation is well verified by implementing it in two engineering projects and comparing it with previous solutions. Finally, a comprehensive parametric investigation is conducted based on the proposed theoretical model, including the geological strength index (GSI), disturbance coefficient ([Formula: see text] and water pressure ([Formula: see text]. It can be found that both the increase in the GSI value and the decrease in the [Formula: see text] value can cause a decrease in the plastic radius of the surrounding rock, thus leading to a decrease in the tunnel displacement. The directions of the principal stresses in the surrounding rock may exchange and the tangential tensile stresses will generate as the water pressure increases. The required critical water pressure becomes higher with a higher GSI value. The increases in the loosening radius of surrounding rock and the critical support pressure can be observed as the GSI value decreases. The results of this study can provide useful guidance for the design of hydraulic tunnels.
Calculation of Structural, Electronic, Optical, Dynamic and Thermoelectric Properties of Monolayer made of Carbon and Nitrogen
Authors: Cholaki Erfan , Arghavani Nia Borhan , Rezaee Sahar , Parsamehr Sajad 
Published: October 2024

In this research, using the Win2k software based on the Cohen–Sham equations and applying the density functional theory with the help of the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method (FP-LAPW), the dynamic, electronic, optical and thermoelectric parameters of the C5N monolayer have been physically investigated. The results of electronic properties calculations indicate that the C5N monolayer has metallic and nonmagnetic properties. The maximum absorption of higher energies occurs at the energy of 11.98[Formula: see text]eV in the [Formula: see text] direction. In the [Formula: see text] direction, the peaks are evident in the range of the visible light region at energies of 1[Formula: see text]eV and 3[Formula: see text]eV while no peak is observed in the visible light region in the [Formula: see text] direction. In addition, the phonon dispersion diagram is calculated by the linear response approach along the symmetric points for this structure. The outcomes provide no negative modes in the phonon spectrum, expressing that these structures are dynamically in equilibrium. The use of Boltzmann transfer theory with the relaxation time approximation to investigate the thermoelectric properties of the C5N monolayer reveals that the low Seebeck coefficient and the increase of thermal conductivity by increasing temperature leads to a very small ZT for the above monolayer. The minimum value of the Seebeck coefficient at the temperature of 300[Formula: see text]K is −45[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K, and with increasing temperature, it exhibits an upward trend to reach −17[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K under a temperature of 600[Formula: see text]K, meaning that the low value of the Seebeck coefficient (less than 100[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]V/K) is in agreement with the metallic nature of this monolayer. The metallic property of this structure is considered an important feature in fabricating electrodes (batteries).
YAP Overcomes Mechanical Barriers to Induce Mitotic Rounding and Adult Cardiomyocyte Division
Authors: Morikawa Yuka , Kim Jong H. , Li Rich Gang , Liu Lin , Liu Shijie , Deshmukh Vaibhav , Hill Matthew C. , Martin James F. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Many specialized cells in adult organs acquire a state of cell cycle arrest and quiescence through unknown mechanisms. Our limited understanding of mammalian cell cycle arrest is derived primarily from cell culture models. Adult mammalian cardiomyocytes, a classic example of cell cycle arrested cells, exit the cell cycle postnatally and remain in an arrested state for the life of the organism. Cardiomyocytes can be induced to re-enter the cell cycle by YAP5SA, an active form of the Hippo signaling pathway effector YAP.

METHODS:
We performed clonal analyses to determine the cell cycle kinetics of YAP5SA cardiomyocytes. We also performed single-cell RNA sequencing, marker gene analysis, and functional studies to examine how YAP5SA cardiomyocytes progress through the cell cycle.

RESULTS:
We discovered that YAP5SA-expressing cardiomyocytes divided efficiently, with >20% of YAP5SA cardiomyocyte clones containing ≥2 cardiomyocytes. YAP5SA cardiomyocytes re-entered cell cycle at the G1/S transition and had an S phase lasting ≈48 hours. Sarcomere disassembly is required for cardiomyocyte progression from S to G2 phase and the induction of mitotic rounding. Although oscillatory Cdk expression was induced in YAP5SA cardiomyocytes, these cells inefficiently progressed through G2 phase. This is improved by inhibiting P21 function, implicating checkpoint activity as an additional barrier to YAP5SA-induced cardiomyocyte division.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data reveal that YAP5SA overcomes the mechanically constrained myocardial microenvironment to induce mitotic rounding with cardiomyocyte division, thus providing new insights into the in vivo mechanisms that maintain cell cycle quiescence in adult mammals.
Antiplatelet Strategy for Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Systematic Review and Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Ullah Waqas , Sandhyavenu Harigopal , Taha Amro , Narayana Gowda Smitha , Mukhtar Maryam , Reddy Polam Aravind , Zahid Salman , Fischman David L. , Savage Michael P. , Rao Sunil V. , Alkhouli Mohamad 
Published: October 2024

Background
Optimal duration and choice of antiplatelet therapy in patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention remain controversial.

Methods and Results
Digital databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase) were queried to select all randomized controlled trials on a post–percutaneous coronary intervention population with acute coronary syndrome. Dual‐antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and clopidogrel for 12 months was compared with 4 major strategies: high‐potency, high‐ to low‐potency, low‐dose, and short‐duration DAPT. A network meta‐analysis was performed to compare the safety and efficacy of different antiplatelet strategies. This study was the second updated manuscript under the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review registration (CRD42021286552). Thirty‐two randomized controlled trials comprising 103 459 (51 750 experimental, 51 709 control) patients were included. Compared with DAPT with aspirin and clopidogrel for 12 months, high‐ to low‐potency DAPT (risk ratio [RR], 0.69 [95% CI, 0.52–0.92]) and aspirin+prasugrel containing DAPT for 12 months (RR, 0.84 [95% CI, 0.72–0.98]) had a significantly lower, whereas DAPT for 1 month followed by clopidogrel only (RR, 1.59 [95% CI, 1.06–2.39]) had a higher, incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events at 1 year (median follow‐up). Prasugrel (RR, 1.35 [95% CI, 1.09–1.66]) and ticagrelor (RR, 1.38 [95% CI, 1.17–1.62]) containing DAPT for 12 months had significantly higher rates, whereas high‐ to low‐potency DAPT (RR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.63–1.15]) had no significant risk of major bleeding.

Conclusions
Aspirin and ticagrelor for 3 months, followed by aspirin and clopidogrel for the remaining duration, can be considered the optimal strategy for treating post–percutaneous coronary intervention patients with acute coronary syndrome because of a significantly reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Third‐Trimester Cardiovascular Function and Risk of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors: Lihme Frederikke , Basit Saima , Persson Lisa G. , Larsen Maria O. , Lauridsen Karin H. , Lykke Jacob A. , Andersen Anita S. , Thorsen‐Meyer Annette , Pihl Kasper , Melbye Mads , Wohlfahrt Jan , Boyd Heather A. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Whether cardiovascular dysfunction is associated with preeclampsia in women without fetal growth restriction (FGR) is unclear. Our objective was to investigate associations between third‐trimester cardiac output (CO) and systemic vascular resistance and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women with and without FGR.

Methods and Results
A case–cohort study in 906 pregnant women in Denmark with repeated third‐trimester cardiac function assessments was performed using the Ultrasound Cardiac Output Monitor 1A. Using Cox regression, we compared rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in women with low, normal, and high CO and normal and high systemic vascular resistance, by FGR status and gestational age, and evaluated associations between a third‐trimester drop in CO or increase in systemic vascular resistance and preeclampsia risk in women without FGR. The analysis included 249 women with preeclampsia (42 with FGR) and 119 women with gestational hypertension. Low CO was strongly associated with preeclampsia at <37 weeks (women with FGR: hazard ratio [HR], 5.25 [95% CI, 1.26–21.9]; women without FGR: HR, 2.19 [95% CI, 1.07–4.48]). Our results also suggested an association between low CO and preeclampsia at ≥37 weeks among women without FGR (HR, 1.31 [95% CI, 0.84–2.03]), and between a third‐trimester drop in CO >75th percentile and preeclampsia in women without FGR (odds ratio, 1.91 [95% CI, 0.84–4.36]). High systemic vascular resistance was strongly associated with increased rates of all forms of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.

Conclusions
Low CO is associated with preeclampsia risk in women with and without FGR, particularly before 37 weeks. Repeated measurements of third‐trimester cardiovascular function might identify women without FGR for monitoring for preeclampsia, but this result needs to be confirmed in other studies.
Association Between Body Mass Index and Risk of Aortic Stenosis in Women in the Swedish Medical Birth Registry
Authors: Kontogeorgos Silvana , Rosengren Annika , Sandström Tatiana Zverkova , Fu Michael , Lindgren Martin , Basic Carmen , Svanvik Maria‐Teresia , Djekic Demir , Thunström Erik 
Published: October 2024

Background
Overweight and obesity are increasing globally with aging, as are life expectancy and aging‐associated disorders, including calcific aortic stenosis (AS). Studies investigating the correlation between high body mass index (BMI) and AS are contradictory and inconclusive. This study examines a potential association between BMI and AS in women.

Methods and Results

By linking the Swedish Medical Birth Register and the Swedish National Patient Register, we included women aged 18 to 55 years with a first childbirth from 1981 to 2020. Diagnosis of AS and comorbidities were defined according to the
International Classification of Diseases
(
ICD
) codes. The women were divided into groups on the basis of BMI. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to investigate the difference in the risk of being diagnosed with AS, with reference BMI 20 to <22.5 kg/m
2
. Among the 1 722 625 included women, the mean age was 28 years, and mean BMI was 24 kg/m
2
, with 21% being overweight (BMI 25 to <30 kg/m
2
) and 8.5% obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m
2
). During median follow‐up of 19.5 years, 2488 women (0.14%) were diagnosed with AS. The age‐adjusted risk of being diagnosed with AS increased with higher BMI to 2.82 (95% CI, 2.44–3.25) times higher in women with BMI 30 to <35 kg/m
2
, and to 3.72 (95% CI, 2.95–4.70) times higher in those with BMI ≥35 kg/m
2
. Similar results were found after excluding AS of rheumatic pathogenesis.

Conclusions
An increase in BMI from its upper normal range was consistently and independently associated with the risk of developing AS in women.
Synthetic Antiangiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor—A Splice Variant Revascularizes Ischemic Muscle in Peripheral Artery Disease
Authors: Raja Adarshini , Ganta Vijay 
Published: October 2024

Background

Alternative splicing in the eighth exon C‐terminus of VEGF‐A (vascular endothelial growth factor‐A) results in the formation of proangiogenic VEGF
165
a and antiangiogenic VEGF
165
b isoforms. The only known difference between these 2 isoform families is a 6‐amino acid switch from CDKPRR (in VEGF
165
a) to SLTRKD (in VEGF
165
b). We have recently shown that VEGF
165
b can induce VEGFR2‐activation but fails to induce VEGFR1 (VEGF receptor 1)‐activation. The molecular mechanisms that regulate VEGF
165
b's ability toward differential VEGFR2 versus VEGFR1 activation/inhibition are not yet clear.

Methods and Results

Hypoxia serum starvation was used as an in vitro peripheral artery disease model. Unilateral single ligation of the femoral artery was used as a preclinical peripheral artery disease model. VEGFR1 activating ligands have 2 arginine (RR) residues in their eighth exon C‐terminus, that were replaced by lysine‐aspartic acid (KD) in VEGF
165
b. A synthetic anti‐angiogenic VEGF
165
b splice variant in which the KD residues were switched to RR (VEGF
165
b
KD→RR
) activated both VEGFR1‐ and VEGFR2‐signaling pathways to induce ischemic‐endothelial cell angiogenic capacity in vitro and enhance perfusion recovery in a severe experimental‐peripheral artery disease model significantly higher than VEGF
165
a. Phosphoproteome arrays showed that the therapeutic efficacy of VEGF
165
b
KD→RR
over VEGF
165
a is due to its ability to induce P38‐activation in ischemic endothelial cells.

Conclusions

Our data shows that the KD residues regulate VEGF
165
b's VEGFR1 inhibitory property but not VEGFR2. Switching these KD residues to RR resulted in the formation of a synthetic/recombinant VEGF
165
b
KD→RR
isoform that has the ability to activate both VEGFR1‐ and VEGFR2‐signaling and induce ischemic‐endothelial cell angiogenic and proliferative capacity that matched the angiogenic requirement necessary to achieve perfusion recovery in a severe experimental‐peripheral artery disease model.
Trends of Blood Pressure Control in Chronic Kidney Disease Among US Adults: Findings From NHANES 2011 to 2020
Authors: Akbari Sadaf , Ten Eyck Patrick , Wendt Linder , Yamada Masaaki , Boucher Robert , Beddhu Srinivasan , Jalal Diana I. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Hypertension afflicts most patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and contributes to kidney disease progression, cardiovascular disease, and death in this patient population. The evidence and clinical guidelines support lowering blood pressure (BP) goals in patients with CKD. We evaluated if BP control improved among US adults with CKD.

Methods and Results

In the NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) for the periods 2011 to 2014, 2015 to 2016, and 2017 to 2020, we identified individuals with CKD defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate 20 to 59 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
or urinary albumin/creatinine ratio≥30 mg/g. The following systolic BP categories were evaluated: <120, 120 to 129, 130 to 139, and ≥140 mm Hg. All measures were tested for differences between year groups accounting for sample strata, clusters, and weights. During the periods of 2011 to 2014, 2015 to 2016, and 2017 to 2020, the prevalence of CKD was stable at 14%, 13%, and 13%, respectively (
P
=0.4). Among those with CKD, the proportion of individuals with self‐reported hypertension or taking BP medications increased from 66 in 2011 to 2014, to 69 and 86% in 2015 to 2016 and 2017 to 2020, respectively (
P
<0.0001). Although the number of BP medications prescribed increased significantly over time, less than half of the individuals with CKD had well‐controlled BP based on the current guidelines.

Conclusions
Although BP recognition has improved among those with CKD, a significant number of individuals with CKD do not meet their BP goal.