bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survival and growth rates of juvenile salmonids reared in lowland streams
Authors: Golski Janusz , Mazurkiewicz Jan , Andrzejewski Wojciech , Przybył Antoni , Kozak Jerzy 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the efficiency of propagating juvenile trout, Salmo trutta L. in small lowland streams and to evaluate the impact of the environmental conditions in the streams on the juvenile fish. Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) and sea trout (Salmo trutta trutta) early fry fed under controlled conditions were used to stock third-order lowland streams. During summer, fall, and spring catches, fry were counted, measured, and weighed. The following parameters were calculated using the data collected: fry stocking density (ind. m-2); survival; specific mortality rate (SMR); length range; mean specimen length; body weight; mean body weight; specific growth rate (SGR); body condition (Fulton’s index). The ichthyological studies were accompanied by simultaneous analyses of environmental conditions that were performed monthly, and benthic macroinvertebrates were sampled in spring and fall. No differences were observed in the biological parameters analyzed between sea trout and brown trout. Variability in environmental parameters such as temperature, oxygenation, conductivity, and stream width and depth were associated with differentiation in the biological parameters of the fry. The results clearly indicate that the considerable potential of small lowland streams for the propagation of salmonid juvenile stages is currently underexploited.
The Role of Phytodiversity in Riparian Alder Forests in Supporting the Provision of Ecosystem Services
Authors: Mariničová Patrícia , Eliáš Pavol 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Nature, ecosystems and biodiversity provide human society with many benefits known as ecosystem services. Functional diversity is an important aspect of biodiversity. In this paper, we applied inductive approach to the identification, mapping and evaluation of ecosystem services of the Aegopodio-Alnetum glutinosae community in Tribeč Mts. The results from 2015 show that the alder floodplain forest represents one of the most productive forest ecosystems with seasonal maximum production of 59.03 g m−2, species diversity of N
0 = 40 and functional diversity of FD = 10. The forage potential of this community is medium, the melliferous potential is high and the therapeutic potential was estimated as extremely rich in medicinal plants. From the functional groups for providing ecosystem services, woody plants and hemicryptophytes play the most significant role.
Descriptor Fingerprints and Their Application to Red Wine Clustering and Discrimination
Authors: Bangov I.P. , Moskovkina M. , Stojanov B.P. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The investigation was performed to test the potentials of the fingerprint clustering algorithm for a set of 1599 red wines in relation to some wine properties, comprised in the notion “wine quality”. We have obtained a distribution of the wines into different clusters as a result. Each cluster was composed of wine-objects with similar values of laboratory parameters and with a wine quality certificate. A correlation between the. quality of wines (a sensory taste factor) and the phisicochemical descriptors (laboratory analytical test results data) was observed and analyzed.
Covalent immobilization of rabbit-antiaflatoxin-antibodies onto the poly-acrylamideacrylonitrile as well as hybrid material UREASIL and developing an optical immunosensor
Authors: Slavova M. , Georgieva-Nikolova R. , Hristov H. , Nikolova M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this work is to describe a covalent immobilization of antibodies onto the poly- acrylamide-acrylonitrile or hybrid material UREASIL and creation of optical immunosensor for determination of aflatoxin Bl. For this purpose, mouse-anti-aflatoxin B1 antibodies with oxidized carbohydrate moieties were covalently immobilized on the membranes of polyacrylamide- polyacrylonitrile copolymer, as well as the hybrid material UREASIL. To determine the affinity> binding of the immobilized antibody with afatoxin Bl was used "sandwich" method. Associated with the immobilized antibody sought ingredients interact with a surplus of secondary’ signal antibodies. The described method has been developed as a model system, which can easily be applied for the determination of aflatoxins in samples of different origin. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that in the establishment of biosensor was used hybrid material UREASIL.
Chemosuppressive activities in in vivo studies of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mice using isolated oil of Stigmaphyllon ovatum (Amazon vine) Cav.
Authors: Iyekowa Osaro , Edema Mary Olire 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Problem: In sub-Saharan Africa, malaria remains one of the leading health problems. This situation has been aggravated by the increasing spread of drug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains. The study was conducted to determine the chemosuppressive activities in in vivo studies of Plasmodium falciparum-infected mice with isolated oil of Stigmaphyllon ovatum leaves used in the traditional treatment of malaria in Nigeria. Methodology: The plant leaves were collected, dried, pulverized and extracted in Soxhlet extractor with hexane solvent. The crude extract was concentrated using a rotary evaporator and phytochemical screening performed using standard methods. Isolation of oil from hexane extract was done using vacuum liquid chromatography while characterization was done by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Chemosuppressive activities were conducted along with quinine to determine the antimalarial potency in Plasmodium falciparum- infected BALB/c albino mice. Findings: Glycosides, saponins, phenolics, and alkaloids among others were present. Components detected from the isolated yellow oil of S. ovatum were 9-octadecenoic acid (oleic acid) (Rt:20.0, 19.37%), an unsaturated fatty acid, squalene (Rt:25.6, 4.58%), a terpene; 7-tetradecenal (Rt:22.6, 2.40%), an aldehyde and alicyclic compounds like bicycle (3,10) hexan-3-one (Rt:16.7, 0.22%). Quinine-treated mice exhibited the lowest parasite counts of 0.27±0.01 (83.82% mean chemosuppression) at day 4 of therapy while the lowest parasite counts for the isolated oil was 0.95±0.05 (42.92% mean chemosuppression) at day 4 of therapy. Conclusion: The chemosuppressive activities revealed that the isolated oil exhibit significant suppression (P<0.05) of Plasmodium falciparum when compared with the standard, quinine which was evident by the photomicrograph results. This work corroborates the local use of the plants for the treatment of malaria in Southern Nigeria.
Bilingualism and Diglossia as Sociocultural Phenomena in Romanian–Hungarian Translations in Transylvania
Authors: Zopus András 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
My study aims to scrutinize the extent to which bilingualism and diglossia influence Transylvanian translators’ texts when the target language is Hungarian. While studying the narrower and wider interpretations of these linguistic phenomena, we may find that all the conditions are given that are required for us to say: Transylvanian translators’ bilingualism and diglossia may be considered as facts, and socio-lingual effects become tangible in various translations.
Linguistic Issues in Széchenyi’s Oeuvre (Plurilingualism, Multilingualism, Mother Tongue)
Authors: Pletl Rita 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Széchenyi studied the linguistic issue, the problems he faced during his public and literary activities with the caution and precision that characterize him. His inquiry into the question of language is marked by nuanced and precise terminology. The distinction between the notions of mother tongue and national language, as well as multilingualism and plurilingualism, are consistent throughout his work. In his conception, the mother tongue is the variety of a given language that is acquired by the speaker in the most intimate environment and through which he/she is linked with the communicational processes of the language community’s social interactions. The national language in his interpretation is the cultivated variety of the mother tongue, which is the language of public life and that of bourgeois national literature as well. In language use, he propagated the principle of linguistic tolerance. He considered the use of the mother tongue a right of every nation (language community). He recognized Europe’s linguistic and national diversity as a value that must be safeguarded and nurtured.
About the Definition, Classification, and Translation Strategies of Idioms
Authors: Kovács Gabriella 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In translator training, the process of planning and implementing the teaching process and the design of teaching materials should be dynamic and flexible. With the future purpose to design teaching materials for idiom translation, this study proposes to explore those characteristics of idioms which might cause difficulties when translating them and some of the various classifications of idioms. Some of the relevant factors which might determine the appropriateness and acceptability of idiom translation and some of the translation strategies recommended in the specialized literature will also be presented. We proposed to analyse the idiom-translating solutions and strategies which the literary translator of the novel “A Game of Thrones” chose while translating it into Hungarian. Our aim is to decide whether the novel can be an appropriate source for authentic teaching material. We chose this novel mainly because it has recently become very popular among students, it is rich in idioms, and we believe that different aspects of idiom typology and different strategies used in idiom translation can be exemplified, demonstrated, and practised with the help of different tasks based on the original text and its Hungarian translation.
Phonological Phenomena of Hungarian Loanwords in the Romanian Language
Authors: Both Csaba Attila 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The research of languages in contact has a relatively long history all over the world, but there have not been conducted many detailed researches regarding the contacts of the Romanian language. The present study aims to present the phonological phenomena occurring in the Hungarian loanwords in the Romanian: aphaeresis, prosthesis, epenthesis, anaptyxe, syncope, apocope, paragoge, and metathesis. The study includes the investigation of a corpus comprised of 1,029 Hungarian loanwords in the Romanian language.
Auf die Spuren der rätselhaften Lehrbuchlisten: was zeigen die Zahlen uns darin?
Authors: Sebestyén Krisztina 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Nowadays knowing foreign languages is a must. The children learn more languages at the school, so it does not matter what kind of books they use. The aim of our paper is to present the data of the Hungarian official list of textbooks from the last 17 years. The lists contain textbooks, exercise books and other things. This survey is about the publishers, the rate of the authors with presumed to be German and Hungarian native speakers. The results show that the change of the textbooks ‘German as foreign language’ and these results can lead to other international comparisons.
Communication. Vanillyl alcohol oxidases produced in Komagataella phaffii contain a highly stable noncovalently bound anionic FAD semiquinone
Authors: Gygli Gudrun , Berkel Willem J. H. van 
Published: February 2017

AbstractVanillyl alcohol oxidase (VAO) from Penicillium simplicissimum is a covalent flavoprotein that has emerged as a promising biocatalyst for the production of aromatic fine chemicals such as vanillin, coniferyl alcohol and enantiopure 1-(4’-hydroxyphenyl) alcohols. The largescale production of this eukaryotic enzyme in Escherichia coli has remained challenging thus far. For that reason an alternative, eukaryotic expression system, Komagataella phaffii, was tested. Additionally, to produce novel VAO biocatalysts, we screened genomes for VAO homologues. One bacterial and five fungal sequences were selected for expression, using key active site residues as criteria for their selection. Expression of the putative vao genes in K. phaffii was successful, however expression levels were low (1 mg per litre of culture). Surprisingly, all purified enzymes were found to contain a highly stable, non-covalently bound anionic FAD semiquinone that could not be reduced by dithionite or cyanoborohydride. Activity experiments revealed that VAO expressed in K. phaffii does not produce vanillin because the enzyme suffers from oxidative stress.
Scenario-based Simulation of Criticality Concerning the Transportation of Dangerous Goods
Authors: Badea Dorel , Aramă Ghiţă , Coman Marian , Bucoveţchi Olga Maria Cristina , Mănescu Gabriel 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The critical infrastructure protection domain, through its social implications, is a relatively new research topic, and a science in this regard is not setup yet. Its complexity, through the operational subsumed areas, through the interdependencies and cascading possible effects, through the many facets for investigation, is a special one which imposes specific approaches. This paper intends to continue the investigations in this field, which are conducted in an individual manner or by research teams, by authors with concerns in this regard who agreed to allocate to the topical subject a special attention based on its importance, beyond an exclusive approach – as a special topic. This time, there are brought into attention the issues related to chemical industry sector correlated with actual associated implications of necessary transportation activities in this field. Simulation-based scenario is the main technique employed as a research methodology by using dedicated software.
EU Military Operation Sophia – Analysing the Shortfalls
Authors: Pricopi Marius 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Facing the current issue of migration, European Union leaders managed to scrap together a (widely contested) plan for the re-distribution of asylum seekers between the member states. But they also undertook pro-active measures to counter illegal migration; such is the case of the military Operation Sophia.
In this paper we do not disavow in any way the existence and necessity of Operation Sophia. Instead, as a way to hereafter identify new opportunities to enhance its’ efficiency, we analyse the criticism brought against it, which mainly concerns: the lack of full transparency, the fosterage of illegal migration and the fail to address the root causes of the on-going migration crisis.
Design and Manufacturing Process for a Ballistic Missile
Authors: Zaharia Sebastian Marian , Ştefăneanu Rareş Ioan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Designing a ballistic missile flight depends on the mission and the stress to which the missile is subject. Missile’s requests are determined by: the organization of components; flight regime type, engine configuration and aerodynamic performance of the rocket flight. In this paper has been developed a ballistic missile with a smooth fuselage type, 10 control surfaces, 8 directional surfaces for cornering execution, 2 for maneuvers of execution to change the angle of incidence and 4 stabilizers direction. Through the technology of gluing and clamping of the shell and the use of titanium components, mass of ballistic missile presented a significant decrease in weight and a structure with high strength.
Drought severity in intensive agricultural areas by means of the EDI index
Authors: Procházková Petra , Chuchma Filip , Středa Tomáš 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The aim of this work was the evaluation of drought severity development in the Czech Republic for the period 1971-2015 by the means of the Effective Drought Index (EDI). Annual values of the EDI index were determined using the method of effective precipitation for 14 localities spread throughout the Czech Republic (Central Europe). The seven categories were created according to obtained index values for the drought conditions determination for years during the period 1971-2015 through the percentile method. The annual index values were compared with acquired 2nd, 15th, 45th, 55th, 85th and 98th percentiles. Both the years with precipitation unfavourable conditions: 1972, 1973, 1984, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993 and 2015 and the years with precipitation favourable conditions: 1977, 1987, 1995, 2001, 2002 and 2010 were determined. Precipitation conditions in the growing season from 61st to 180th day of the year were also analysed. This evaluation was conducted during the period 1971-2015 through the ten-day index values which were compared with acquired 2nd, 15th, 45th, 55th, 85th and 98th percentiles. Dry growing seasons occurred in 1973, 1974, 1976 and 1993. Wet growing seasons occurred in 1987, 2006 and 2010. Trend analysis of annual index values was performed through the Mann-Kendall test. Highly statistically significant increasing linear trends (P < 0.01) were found for four localities (Uherský Ostroh, Vysoká, Znojmo-Oblekovice and Žatec); statistically significant increasing trends (P < 0.05) were found for three localities (Brno-Chrlice, Lednice and Lípa). Based on the extrapolation of the trend, a slightly higher effective precipitation can be expected during the year in a substantial part of the country. However, these findings do not necessarily mean an optimal supply of agricultural land with water. Precipitation exhibits considerable unevenness of distribution through time. Given the increasing evapotranspiration demands of the environment their availability is limited.
NMR and EPR trapping of the active species in the ethylene polymerization and trimerization catalyst systems
Authors: Soshnikov I.E. , Semikolenova N.V. , Antonov A.A. , Bryliakov K.P. , Zakharov V.A. , Talsi E.P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this work, previously undetected intermediates of several practically promising catalyst systems for ethylene polymerization and trimerization are discussed. In particular, the activation of ethylene polymerization catalysts (1) LNiCl2 (L = 2,4,6-trimethyl- (N-5,6,7-trihydroquinolin-8-ylidene)phenylamine) with AlEt2Cl and AlMe2Cl, (2) activation of bis(imino)pyridine vanadium(III) chloride L1VIIICl3 (L1 = 2,6-(ArN=CMe)2C5H3N, Ar = 2,6-iPr2C6H3; 2,6-Me2C6H3; 2,4,6-Me3C6H2; 3,5- F2C6H3) with AlMe3/[Ph3C]+[B(C6F5)]4¯ and MAO, and (3) selective ethylene trimerization catalyst (FI)TiCl3 (FI = phenoxyimine ligand with an additional aryl-OCH3 donor) with MAO have been assessed by NMR and EPR spectroscopy. The nature of ion-pair intermediates – the closest precursors of the propagating species – has been established, and the major catalyst deactivation pathways are discussed.
Creation and Valuation of Instruments Compensating Lower Share Prices with the Help of Black–Scholes Formula
Authors: Zaremba Leszek 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this paper, we present a 1-period model of the Polish financial market from the view point of KGHM, the Polish largest listed company that suffered huge declines in share prices from 125 PLN in August 2015 to 60 PLN in January 2015. Our goal is to show how KGHM might create a portfolio (with practically zero cost), which would fully compensate the abovementioned declines. The methodology presented below may be equally well employed by many other listed companies and investment funds, as well. We create here a matrix model of the Polish financial market and employ the Black-Scholes formula to valuate portfolios compensating potential declines of KGHM’s shares prices. To give more insight to practitioners wishing to apply the results presented here to other listed companies, we distinguish two cases. In one of them, volatility of KGHM’s share prices is 20%, and in the other case it equals 33%.
Safety in a Manufacturing Company
Authors: Kopczewski Marian , Smal Tomasz 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The safety systems include the functioning of the institutions of a state, central, and local government, businesses, and social organizations. Research in this discipline should contribute to the development of the theoretical foundations and systems of national and international security and operating systems in the area of technical safety. Technical safety engineering should deal with a design, build, operation, and decommissioning of technical measures in order to minimize the opportunities and the size of their negative impact on the environment, people, and the good of civilization. With this in mind, the main purpose of the research was to evaluate the safety of technical manufacturing company that uses a wide machine park. A plant manufacturing parts and components for automobiles was the audited company.
MP estimation applied to platykurtic sets of geodetic observations
Authors: Wiśniewski Zbigniew 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMPestimation is a method which concerns estimating of the location parameters when the probabilistic models of observations differ from the normal distributions in the kurtosis or asymmetry. The system of Pearson’s distributions is the probabilistic basis for the method. So far, such a method was applied and analyzed mostly for leptokurtic or mesokurtic distributions (Pearson’s distributions of types IV or VII), which predominate practical cases. The analyses of geodetic or astronomical observations show that we may also deal with sets which have moderate asymmetry or small negative excess kurtosis. Asymmetry might result from the influence of many small systematic errors, which were not eliminated during preprocessing of data. The excess kurtosis can be related with bigger or smaller (in relations to the Hagen hypothesis) frequency of occurrence of the elementary errors which are close to zero. Considering that fact, this paper focuses on the estimation with application of the Pearson platykurtic distributions of types I or II. The paper presents the solution of the corresponding optimization problem and its basic properties.Although platykurtic distributions are rare in practice, it was an interesting issue to find out what results can be provided by MPestimation in the case of such observation distributions. The numerical tests which are presented in the paper are rather limited; however, they allow us to draw some general conclusions.
Possession of nuclear weapons – between legality and legitimization
Authors: Srogosz Tomasz 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Recently in Russian policy there was a return to the Cold War practices, which include, inter alia, nuclear deterrence, and even threatening to use nuclear weapons. That policy, however, is carried out in the changed international space compared with the times of the Cold War. The period of detente in relations between world powers was dominated inter alia by discussion on the humanitarian intervention. Human rights, tied to the value of justice, become the most important component of international order. Thus, justice has become the value of the international legal order equivalent to peace. In such a reality, the legitimacy of nuclear weapons should be based not only on the deterrence, but also on the need to protect human rights, tied with justice. Possession of nuclear weapons per se is contrary to this value. This fact should be taken into account in the world powers’ policies. Banning nuclear weapons, in accordance with the Radbruch formula, should be a result of these policies.