bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Widespread Pain and Low Widespread Pain Index Scores among Fibromyalgia-positive Cases Assessed with the 2010/2011 Fibromyalgia Criteria
Authors: Wolfe Frederick , Egloff Niklaus , Häuser Winfried 
Published: July 2016

Objective.Widespread pain is no longer required for fibromyalgia (FM) diagnosis according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2010 preliminary diagnostic criteria and its 2011 modification, but its absence may be of concern. We investigated whether the widespread pain definition was satisfactory and the consequences of having a small number of painful regions or of not satisfying the widespread pain criterion.Methods.We studied 5011 patients who satisfied the 2011 criteria. FM was identified using the Widespread Pain Index (WPI) and the Symptom Severity Scale (SSS): WPI ≥ 7 and SSS ≥ 5 or WPI 3–6 and SSS ≥ 9. Widespread pain was 4 quadrants plus axial pain, according to the 1990 ACR FM criteria.Results.There were 4700 patients (93.8%) who satisfied the ACR 1990 widespread pain criterion. Using a new strict definition for 5 pain regions based on the WPI sites, a modified widespread pain criterion requiring 4 of 5 regions identified 98.8% of criteria-positive patients. Patients without widespread pain or those in the low WPI/high SSS group had milder FM and no evidence of increased psychological or physical distress.Conclusion.In usual clinical and epidemiological studies, the 2011 and 2010 criteria work well, but are not as effective in patients with asymmetrical or regional pain who do not satisfy a widespread pain criterion. A ≥ 4-pain region widespread pain definition will eliminate regional pain false-positives and will identify 98.8% of current 2011 cases. Future revisions of the 2010/2011 criteria should consider incorporating the ≥ 4-region requirement to avoid misclassification.
Les erreurs de sexe dans le recensement et leurs effets sur l’estimation des couples de même sexe
Authors: Banens Maks , Le Penven Eric 
Published: July 2016

L’étude des couples de même sexe est un nouvel enjeu pour la démographie. En France comme ailleurs, le recensement contient les données nécessaires à leur étude, mais une difficulté majeure rend difficile son emploi : le sexe mal codé ou « erreur de sexe » de l’un des partenaires d’un couple, faisant apparaître un couple hétérosexuel comme homosexuel ou inversement. Les couples hétérosexuels étant beaucoup plus nombreux que les couples homosexuels, les « faux » couples homosexuels perturbent de façon importante l’observation des « vrais » couples homosexuels. L’enquête Famille et logements (Insee, 2011), associée au recensement, permet de mesurer l’erreur de sexe lors du recensement. Nous constatons que parmi les 139 700 couples apparaissant au recensement comme homosexuels, 58 900 s’avèrent des « faux » suite au sexe mal codé de l’un des partenaires. L’erreur concerne 0,355 % des couples hétérosexuels. Elle varie significativement en fonction du sexe de la personne recensée et des enfants présents dans le ménage. En revanche, aucune différence significative n’a été constatée selon d’autres caractéristiques sociodémographiques.
Vers un modèle européen de gestion policière des foules protestataires ?
Authors: Fillieule Olivier , Viot Pascal , Descloux Gilles 
Published: July 2016

Comment qualifier aujourd’hui les modes de gestion des manifestations de rue en Europe ? Est-on revenu au modèle coercitif des années 1960-1970 ? Doit-on plutôt parler d’une hybridation du modèle coercitif et du modèle plus tolérant des années 1980-1990, témoignant d’une plasticité des doctrines policières au regard des changements de contexte ? Après un bref rappel des styles successifs de police identifiés par la recherche, nous décrivons, en nous appuyant sur une recherche comparée sur les systèmes de maintien de l’ordre en Europe, comment aujourd’hui la préparation des services d’ordre, leur mise en œuvre sur le terrain aussi bien que l’évaluation post-action sont de plus en plus largement soumises à un nouveau modèle reposant sur une stratégie dite de désescalade.
Les conflits d’intérêts dans le règlement agence de notation du 16 septembre 2009
Authors: Bonneau Thierry 
Published: July 2016

Les conflits d’intérêts sont divers. Ils peuvent concerner aussi bien l’agence de notation elle-même que ses dirigeants, actionnaires et analystes. Le règlement du 16 septembre 2009, modifié en 2011 et 2013, a pour but de les prévenir et, s’ils surviennent, de les traiter. L’information et les interdictions constituent les points d’appui de la réglementation.
The Membrane Phospholipid Binding Protein Annexin A2 Promotes Phagocytosis and Nonlytic Exocytosis of Cryptococcus neoformans and Impacts Survival in Fungal Infection
Authors: Stukes Sabriya , Coelho Carolina , Rivera Johanna , Jedlicka Anne E. , Hajjar Katherine A. , Casadevall Arturo 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Cryptococcus neoformans is a fungal pathogen with a unique intracellular pathogenic strategy that includes nonlytic exocytosis, a phenomenon whereby fungal cells are expunged from macrophages without lysing the host cell. The exact mechanism and specific proteins involved in this process have yet to be completely defined. Using murine macrophages deficient in the membrane phospholipid binding protein, annexin A2 (ANXA2), we observed a significant decrease in both phagocytosis of yeast cells and the frequency of nonlytic exocytosis. Cryptococcal cells isolated from Anxa2-deficient (Anxa2−/−) bone marrow–derived macrophages and lung parenchyma displayed significantly larger capsules than those isolated from wild-type macrophages and tissues. Concomitantly, we observed significant differences in the amount of reactive oxygen species produced between Anxa2−/− and Anxa2+/+ macrophages. Despite comparable fungal burden, Anxa2−/− mice died more rapidly than wild-type mice when infected with C. neoformans, and Anxa2−/− mice exhibited enhanced inflammatory responses, suggesting that the reduced survival reflected greater immune-mediated damage. Together, these findings suggest a role for ANXA2 in the control of cryptococcal infection, macrophage function, and fungal morphology.
Omgevingswaarden: waardevol?
Authors: Groothuijse F.A.G. (Frank) 
Published: July 2016

Omgevingswaarden: waardevol?
Dit artikel is een onderdeel van het themanummer naar aanleiding van de Vlaams-Nederlandse bijeenkomst over het omgevingsrecht met de titel: ‘Omgevingsrecht in de Lage Landen: Toren van Babel of Tuin der Lusten?’In dit artikel gaat de auteur in op milieukwaliteitseisen en de transitie naar omgevingswaarde onder de Omgevingswet.
Hoe zit het met de milieukwaliteitsnormen in Vlaanderen?
Authors: Verheeke Jan 
Published: July 2016

Hoe zit het met de milieukwaliteitsnormen in Vlaanderen?
Dit artikel is een onderdeel van het themanummer naar aanleiding van de Vlaams-Nederlandse bijeenkomst over het omgevingsrecht met de titel: ‘Omgevingsrecht in de Lage Landen: Toren van Babel of Tuin der Lusten?’In deze bijdrage schetst de auteur het Vlaamse systeem van milieukwaliteitseisen.
Hitting the Road towards a Greater Digital Destination: Evaluating and Testing DAMS at the University of Houston Libraries
Authors: Wu Annie , Thompson Santi , Vacek Rachel , Watkins Sean , Weidner Andy 
Published: July 2016

Since 2009, tens of thousands of rare and unique items have been made available online for research through the University of Houston Digital Library. Six years later, the Libraries' new digital initiatives call for a more dynamic digital repository infrastructure that is extensible, scalable, and interoperable. The Libraries’ mission and the mandate of its strategic directions drives the pursuit of seamless access and expanded digital collections. To answer the calls for technological change, the Libraries Administration appointed a Digital Asset Management System (DAMS) Implementation Task Force to explore, evaluate, test, recommend, and implement a more robust digital asset management system. This article focuses on the task force’s DAMS selection activities: needs assessment, systems evaluation, and systems testing. The authors also describe the task force’s DAMS recommendation based on the evaluation and testing data analysis, a comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each system, and system cost. Finally, the authors outline their DAMS implementation strategy comprised of a phased rollout with the following stages: system installation, data migration, and interface development.
Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter–Related Upper Extremity Venous Thrombosis in Oncology Patients
Authors: Luo Lei , Jing Xiao-mei , Wang Guo-rong , Qin Ying , Liang Hai-xin , Liu Shan-shan 
Published: July 2016

ObjectivesPeripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) are associated with an increased risk of venous thrombosis. This study had 2 objectives: to estimate the incidence of upper extremity venous thrombosis associated with PICCs in oncology patients and to evaluate the role of Doppler sonography in antithrombotic prophylaxis.MethodsWe conducted a prospective study with each patient being followed for 6 weeks. From April 2014 to October 2014, we analyzed a series of 245 consecutive oncology patients undergoing chemotherapy via PICCs, for an overall number of 246 PICC placements. We assessed the role of Doppler sonography for initiation of antithrombotic prophylaxis. The study group encompassed 2 cohorts of patients: those who received regular weekly Doppler screening for thrombosis prophylaxis and those who did not.ResultsOf 246 insertions, we observed 90 episodes of upper extremity venous thrombosis (36.59%); 62 of them were asymptomatic in the Doppler group, and 28 were symptomatic in the no‐Doppler group. Patients in the Doppler group had a significantly lower rate of thrombosis (0%) than those in the no‐Doppler group (23.53%; P < .01).ConclusionsOur prospective study suggests that the rate of PICC‐related upper extremity venous thrombosis in oncology patients is high, and the occurrence of symptomatic thrombosis could be lowered with regular weekly Doppler screening after PICC insertions.
Geomagnetic storms and EMIC waves: Van Allen Probe observations
Authors: Wang Dedong , Yuan Zhigang , Yu Xiongdong , Huang Shiyong , Deng Xiaohua , Zhou Meng , Li Haimeng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUtilizing the data from magnetometer instrument of Electric and Magnetic Field Instrument Suite and Integrated Science (EMFISIS) suite on board Van Allen Probe A, the occurrences of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves during geomagnetic storms and nonstorm periods are investigated. The 270 EMIC wave events and 76 geomagnetic storms were identified during the period under research, from 8 September 2012 to 30 April 2014, when the apogee of Van Allen Probe A covered all the magnetic local time (MLT) sectors. Fifty of the 76 storms observed 124 EMIC wave events, of which 80 are found in the recovery phase, more than those observed in the main phase. Majority EMIC wave events (~54%) were observed during the nonstorm periods. Occurrence rates of EMIC waves as a function of L and MLT during different geomagnetic conditions are also examined, whose peaks in main phase are higher than those in recovery phase. However, occurrences of EMIC waves in recovery phase distribute more uniformly than those do in main phase. Evolution of the distribution characteristics of EMIC waves respect to L and MLT in different geomagnetic phases is investigated, consistent with that of the plasmasphere during geomagnetic storms, implying that the cold and dense plasma in the plasmasphere or plasmaspheric plume play a significant role in the generation of EMIC waves in the inner magnetosphere. Few EMIC waves in the dayside sector during the preonset periods are observed, suggesting that the effect of solar wind dynamic pressure on the generation of EMIC waves in the inner magnetosphere in those periods is not so significant as expected.
Re‐examining the roles of surface heat flux and latent heat release in a “hurricane‐like” polar low over the Barents Sea
Authors: Kolstad Erik W. , Bracegirdle Thomas J. , Zahn Matthias 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPolar lows are intense mesoscale cyclones that occur at high latitudes in both hemispheres during winter. Their sometimes evidently convective nature, fueled by strong surface fluxes and with cloud‐free centers, have led to some polar lows being referred to as “arctic hurricanes.” Idealized studies have shown that intensification by hurricane development mechanisms is theoretically possible in polar winter atmospheres, but the lack of observations and realistic simulations of actual polar lows have made it difficult to ascertain if this occurs in reality. Here the roles of surface heat fluxes and latent heat release in the development of a Barents Sea polar low, which in its cloud structures showed some similarities to hurricanes, are studied with an ensemble of sensitivity experiments, where latent heating and/or surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat were switched off before the polar low peaked in intensity. To ensure that the polar lows in the sensitivity runs did not track too far away from the actual environmental conditions, a technique known as spectral nudging was applied. This was shown to be crucial for enabling comparisons between the different model runs. The results presented here show that (1) no intensification occurred during the mature, postbaroclinic stage of the simulated polar low; (2) surface heat fluxes, i.e., air‐sea interaction, were crucial processes both in order to attain the polar low's peak intensity during the baroclinic stage and to maintain its strength in the mature stage; and (3) latent heat release played a less important role than surface fluxes in both stages.
Interactions between active faulting, volcanism, and sedimentary processes at an island arc: Insights from Les Saintes channel, Lesser Antilles arc
Authors: Leclerc F. , Feuillet N. , Deplus C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractNew high‐resolution marine geophysical data allow to characterize a large normal fault system in the Lesser Antilles arc, and to investigate the interactions between active faulting, volcanism, sedimentary, and mass‐wasting processes. Les Saintes fault system is composed of several normal faults that form a 30 km wide half‐graben accommodating NE‐SW extension. It is bounded by the Roseau fault, responsible for the destructive Mw 6.3 21 November 2004 earthquake. The Roseau fault has been identified from the island of Basse‐Terre to Dominica. It is thus 40 km long, and it could generate Mw 7 earthquakes in the future. Several submarine volcanoes are also recognized. We show that the fault system initiated after the main volcanic construction and subsequently controls the emission of volcanic products. The system propagates southward through damage zones. At the tip of the damage zones, several volcanic cones were recently emplaced probably due to fissures opening in an area of stress increase. A two‐way interaction is observed between active faulting and sedimentary processes. The faults control the development of the main turbiditic system made of kilometer‐wide canyons, as well as the location of sediment ponding. In turn, erosion and sedimentation prevent scarp growth at the seafloor. Faulting also enhances mass‐wasting processes. Since its initiation, the fault system has consequently modified the morphologic evolution of the arc through perturbation of the sedimentary processes and localization of the more recent volcanic activity.
Phosphorus feedbacks constraining tropical ecosystem responses to changes in atmospheric CO2 and climate
Authors: Yang Xiaojuan , Thornton Peter E. , Ricciuto Daniel M. , Hoffman Forrest M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe effects of phosphorus (P) availability on carbon (C) cycling in the Amazon region are investigated using CLM‐CNP. We demonstrate that the coupling of P dynamics reduces the simulated historical terrestrial C sink due to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations ([CO2]) by about 26%. Our exploratory simulations show that the response of tropical forest C cycling to increasing [CO2] depends on how elevated CO2 affects phosphatase enzyme production. The effects of warming are more complex, depending on the interactions between humidity, C, and nutrient dynamics. While a simulation with low humidity generally shows the reduction of net primary productivity (NPP), a second simulation with higher humidity suggests overall increases in NPP due to the dominant effects of reduced water stress and more nutrient availability. Our simulations point to the need for (1) new observations on how elevated [CO2] affects phosphatase enzyme production and (2) more tropical leaf‐scale measurements under different temperature/humidity conditions with different soil P availability.
Normalized rupture potential for small and large earthquakes along the Pacific Plate off Japan
Authors: Tormann Thessa , Wiemer Stefan , Enescu Bogdan , Woessner Jochen 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe combine temporal variability in local seismic activity rates and size distributions to estimate the evolution of a Gutenberg‐Richter‐based metric, the normalized rupture potential (NRP), comparing differences between smaller and larger earthquakes. For the Pacific Plate off Japan, we study both complex spatial patterns and how they evolve over the last 18 years, and more detailed temporal characteristics in a simplified spatial selection, i.e., inside and outside the high‐slip zone of the 2011 M9 Tohoku earthquake. We resolve significant changes, in particular an immediate NRP increase for large events prior to the Tohoku event in the subsequent high‐slip patch, a very rapid decrease inside this high‐stress‐release area coupled with a lasting increase of NRP in the immediate surroundings. Even in the center of the Tohoku rupture, the NRP for large magnitudes has not dropped below the 12 year average and is not significantly different from conditions a decade before the M9 event.
Global expansion of the dayside magnetopause for long‐duration radial IMF events: Statistical study on GOES observations
Authors: Park Jong‐Sun , Shue Jih‐Hong , Kim Khan‐Hyuk , Pi Gilbert , Němeček Zdeněk , Šafránková Jana 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFor decades, unusual locations of the magnetopause under radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) have been reported in many studies using in situ satellite observations. These studies have shown that the magnetopause is expanded either over all magnetic local times (MLTs) on the dayside (global expansion) or just near the noon (bullet‐like expansion) during radial IMF conditions. With limited observations near the magnetopause, the type of the magnetopause expansion is still undetermined. In this study, 19 years of dayside geosynchronous magnetic field data obtained from Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites (GOES) are statistically processed to infer the shape of the dayside magnetopause under radial IMF conditions. The MLT distributions of geosynchronous magnetic fields for radial IMF are compared with those for northward IMF with the correction of solar wind dynamic pressure distributions between two different IMF conditions. After removal of the solar wind dynamic pressure effect, we have found that the geosynchronous magnetic field for radial IMF is smaller than that for northward IMF over almost all MLTs on the dayside regardless of magnetic latitudes and seasons. The difference between geosynchronous magnetic fields for the northward and radial IMFs supports the suggestion that the dayside magnetopause is globally expanded during the radial IMF conditions.
Electron energetics in the Martian dayside ionosphere: Model comparisons with MAVEN data
Authors: Sakai Shotaro , Andersson Laila , Cravens Thomas E. , Mitchell David L. , Mazelle Christian , Rahmati Ali , Fowler Christopher M. , Bougher Stephen W. , Thiemann Edward M. B. , Eparvier Francis G. , Fontenla Juan M. , Mahaffy Paul R. , Connerney John E. P. , Jakosky Bruce M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper presents a study of the energetics of the dayside ionosphere of Mars using models and data from several instruments on board the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN spacecraft. In particular, calculated photoelectron fluxes are compared with suprathermal electron fluxes measured by the Solar Wind Electron Analyzer, and calculated electron temperatures are compared with temperatures measured by the Langmuir Probe and Waves experiment. The major heat source for the thermal electrons is Coulomb heating from the suprathermal electron population, and cooling due to collisional rotational and vibrational CO2 dominates the energy loss. The models used in this study were largely able to reproduce the observed high topside ionosphere electron temperatures (e.g., 3000 K at 300 km altitude) without using a topside heat flux when magnetic field topologies consistent with the measured magnetic field were adopted. Magnetic topology affects both suprathermal electron transport and thermal electron heat conduction. The effects of using two different solar irradiance models were also investigated. In particular, photoelectron fluxes and electron temperatures found using the Heliospheric Environment Solar Spectrum Radiation irradiance were higher than those with the Flare Irradiance Spectrum Model‐Mars. The electron temperature is shown to affect the O2+ dissociative recombination rate coefficient, which in turn affects photochemical escape of oxygen from Mars.
Development of an empirical model relating permeability and specific stiffness for rough fractures from numerical deformation experiments
Authors: Wang Lichun , Cardenas M. Bayani 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe coupling between hydraulic and mechanical properties of porous and fractured geologic media are critical for many geophysical processes and practical applications. Thus, the prediction of this linkage between these properties is broadly important. Here we present a potentially predictive model that links fracture permeability and specific stiffness with empirical coefficients dependent on fracture roughness, correlation length of aperture field, and rock mechanical properties. The equation was developed empirically from results of modeling the deformation and flow through synthetic fractures with aperture fields that follow a normal distribution. The fractures were subjected to increasing normal stress and deformed following an elastic model. Specific stiffness was directly quantified from these numerical deformation experiments. Permeability was estimated through calculation of the local flow field while considering effects of local fracture roughness and tortuosity. The empirical model roughly captures the transition from effective medium to percolation flow regimes with increasing specific stiffness.