bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relative pose estimation from panoramic images using a hybrid neural network architecture
Authors: Offermann Lars 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCamera-based relative pose estimation (RPE) localizes a mobile robot given a view at the current position and an image at a reference location. Matching the landmarks between views is critical to localization quality. Common challenges are appearance changes, for example due to differing illumination. Indirect RPE methods extract high-level features that provide invariance against appearance changes but neglect the remaining image data. This can lead to poor pose estimates in scenes with little detail. Direct RPE methods mitigate this issue by operating on the pixel level with only moderate preprocessing, but invariances have to be achieved by different means. We propose to attain illumination invariance for the direct RPE algorithm MinWarping by integrating it with a convolutional neural network for image preprocessing, creating a hybrid architecture. We optimize network parameters using a metric on RPE quality, backpropagating through MinWarping and the network. We focus on planar movement, panoramic images, and indoor scenes with varying illumination conditions; a novel dataset for this setup is recorded and used for analysis. Our method compares favourably against the previous best preprocessing method for MinWarping, edge filtering, and against a modern deep-learning-based indirect RPE pipeline. Analysis of the trained hybrid architecture indicates that neglecting landmarks in a direct RPE framework can improve estimation quality in scenes with occlusion and few details.
Self-control study of multi-omics in identification of microenvironment characteristics in urine of uric acid stone
Authors: Xu Shang , Liu Zhi-Long , Zhang Tian-Wei , Li Bin , Wang Xin-Ning , Jiao Wei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study is to perform proteomic and metabolomic analyses in bilateral renal pelvis urine of patients with unilateral uric acid kidney stones to identify the specific urinary environment associated with uric acid stone formation. Using cystoscopy-guided insertion of ureteral catheters, bilateral renal pelvis urine samples are collected. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is employed to identify differentially expressed proteins and metabolites in the urine environment. Differentially expressed proteins and metabolites are further analyzed for their biological functions and potential metabolic pathways through Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis. In the urine from the stone-affected side, eight differential proteins were significantly upregulated, and six metabolites were dysregulated. The uric acid stone urinary environment showed an excess of α-ketoisovaleric acid and 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid, which may contribute to the acidification of the urine. Functional and pathway analyses indicate that the dysregulated metabolites are mainly associated with insulin resistance and branched chain amino acid metabolism.
XElemNet: towards explainable AI for deep neural networks in materials science
Authors: Wang Kewei , Gupta Vishu , Lee Claire Songhyun , Mao Yuwei , Kilic Muhammed Nur Talha , Li Youjia , Huang Zanhua , Liao Wei-keng , Choudhary Alok , Agrawal Ankit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent progress in deep learning has significantly impacted materials science, leading to accelerated material discovery and innovation. ElemNet, a deep neural network model that predicts formation energy from elemental compositions, exemplifies the application of deep learning techniques in this field. However, the “black-box” nature of deep learning models often raises concerns about their interpretability and reliability. In this study, we propose XElemNet to explore the interpretability of ElemNet by applying a series of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques, focusing on post-hoc analysis and model transparency. The experiments with artificial binary datasets reveal ElemNet’s effectiveness in predicting convex hulls of element-pair systems across periodic table groups, indicating its capability to effectively discern elemental interactions in most cases. Additionally, feature importance analysis within ElemNet highlights alignment with chemical properties of elements such as reactivity and electronegativity. XElemNet provides insights into the strengths and limitations of ElemNet and offers a potential pathway for explaining other deep learning models in materials science.
Impact of offensive team variables on goal scoring in the first division of the spanish soccer league: a comprehensive 10-year study
Authors: Prieto-González Pablo , Martín Víctor , Pacholek Martin , Sal-de-Rellán Alejandro , Marcelino Rui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study assessed the impact of team offensive variables on goals scored in Spain’s first-division soccer league from 2012–2013 to 2021–2022. A nomothetic multidimensional study was conducted, following the STROBE checklist. From 115 team variables available in the INSTAT database, 57 offensive metrics were selected. The selection was performed independently by five researchers to ensure comprehensive inclusion of relevant metrics. The data included 38 league matches each season, involving 30 teams. The study identified key offensive performance metrics strongly correlated with goals scored. These include shots on target (r = 0.898), chances created (r = 0.871), penalty box entries (r = 0.852), positional attacks with shots (r = 0.818), total shots (r = 0.807), central attacks with shots (r = 0.804), accurate passes (r = 0.760), and efficiency in positional attacks (r = 0.755). The findings underscore the importance of specific offensive metrics in enhancing goal-scoring capabilities. Coaches can improve their team’s offensive performance by focusing on passing accuracy, dribbling, and maximizing scoring chances. Successful teams consistently convert attacks into shots on goal through various situations, including central attacks, flanks, counterattacks, corners, and set pieces. Tactical adjustments based on these insights can optimize offensive effectiveness.
Modelling smurfing patterns in cryptocurrencies with integer partitions
Authors: Koelbing Marlene , Kieseberg Klaus , Çulha Ceren , Garn Bernhard , Simos Dimitris E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we propose the modelling of patterns of financial transactions ‐ with a focus on the domain of cryptocurrencies ‐ as splittings and present a method for generating such splittings utilizing integer partitions. We study current money laundering regulations and directives concerning thresholds for monitoring of financial transactions. We further exemplify that, by having the partitions respect these threshold criteria, the splittings generated from them can be used for modelling illicit transactional behavior such as is shown by smurfing. In addition, we conduct an analysis of the splittings occurring in money laundering efforts that took place in the aftermath of the Upbit hack. Based on the potential weaknesses identified by our research, we finally provide suggestions on how to improve current AML techniques and initiatives towards more effective AML efforts.
Two‐stage economic dispatch of railway FTPSS considering system voltage characteristic
Authors: Peng Gaoqiang , Chen Minwu , Li Bo , Xu Mei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe flexible traction power supply system (FTPSS), integrating power flow controller (PFC), energy storage system, and photovoltaic (PV) system, is able to cancel the neutral section, realize the collaborative operation of multiple traction substations (MTSs), and enhance the efficient utilization of regenerative braking energy (RBE) and renewable energy in electrified railways. However, co‐dispatching energy among MTSs influences the power flow distribution within the traction network, impacting the traction network voltage (TNV). Maintaining optimal energy dispatch while ensuring compliance with TNV standards is critical. Therefore, a two‐stage energy optimal dispatch and control strategy is proposed for FTPSS here. The first stage develops a synergistic energy optimal dispatch model for MTSs considering TNV constraint and power flow constraints, aimed at maximizing the utilization of RBE and PV while minimizing the electricity cost of FTPSS. In the second stage, a control strategy for multiple converters is designed to ensure the dynamic response of FTPSS. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy and model is substantiated through field load data and experimental validation, and the electricity cost of the FTPSS is reduced by about 21.4%, meanwhile the TNV is maintained in the range of 22.5–29 kV.
Elucidations of electronic and optical properties of the w‐ZnCh (Ch=O, S and Se) compounds: Insights from Ab‐initio calculations and spectroscopy measurements
Authors: Halati Mohamed Salah , Lounis Zakia , Khyzhun Oleg Y. , Caudano Yves , Shoush Kamel A. , Paramasivam Prabhu , Ghoneim Sherif S. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe electronic and optical properties of IIB‐VIA Zn‐based monochalcogenides w‐ZnCh (Ch: O, S and Se) were reported. The band structures using the FP‐LAPW method at zero pressure with the Tran–Blaha‐modified Becke–Johnson potential evidence that w‐ZnO, w‐ZnS and w‐ZnSe reveal direct band gaps (Γ–Γ) of 2.72, 3.87, and 2.88 eV, respectively. The complex dielectric function ε(ω), refractive index n(ω), extinction coefficient k(ω), absorption coefficient α(ω), reflectivity R(ω), energy‐loss function L(ω) and complex conductivity σ(ω), are determined. The microscopic origin of the observed fine‐structure peculiarities in the spectra of the imaginary part of the dielectric function (ε2(ω)) is identified. An intensive X‐Ray PhotoElectron Spectroscopy (XPES) investigation shows the effect of controlled UHV treatment (Ar+ ionic bombardment followed by gradual heating) as a method of cleaning and/or re‐crystallising the upper layers. XPES and XAES (Auger Electron induced by X‐Ray Excitation) transitions substantiate successfully the UHV in situ cleaning. The valence band structure was studied. The PLS technique employing UVvis excitation source of a 325 nm (He‐Cd) gas laser unveils that ZnO, zinc sulfide and ZnSe luminescence mechanism concerns the energy band gap. The results of the experimental studies are found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.
An online method for identifying metering relative errors in wide‐area interconnection CVTs using PMU measurements, SDP graphs, and ResNet50‐L1M
Authors: Jiang Chunyang , Xia Shengguo , Zhou Feng , Yin Xiaodong , Du Bolun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes an online identification method utilizing phasor measurement unit (PMU) measurements, symmetric dot pattern (SDP) graphs, and the ResNet50‐L1 M model to facilitate the rapid identification of metering relative errors among interconnected capacitor voltage transformers (CVTs) in wide‐area substations within power systems. First, PMUs measured the three‐phase voltage data from interconnected CVTs across wide‐area substations. The amplitude differences of the three‐phase voltages were converted into Euclidean distances, which were then transformed into SDP graphs, with each type of metering relative error corresponding to a distinct SDP graph. The ResNet50‐L1 M model was established by integrating an L1 norm‐based attention mechanism into the ResNet50 architecture. This model was then trained on CVT SDP graphs representing various error states to develop an online error identification system. The effectiveness of the proposed method was evaluated based on data from the “Houshou transmission line” in Ningxia province, which connects the 330 kV Niushoushan substation and the 330 kV Houqiao substation operated by the State Grid Corporation of China. With 16 different error states tested, the model achieved an identification accuracy rate of 89.39%, demonstrating a notable improvement over other methods in comparative tests.
Hämophilie A bei einem Kater mit wechselnden
Lahmheiten
Authors: Beetz Sabine , Weingart Christiane , Renner Alicia , Kehl Alexandra , Menzel Dirk , Mischke Reinhard , Müller Elisabeth , Kohn Barbara 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungEin 3 Monate alter Europäisch-Kurzhaar-Kater, der auf einem Bauernhof geboren
wurde, wurde aufgrund von wechselnden Lahmheiten, Fieber und Inappetenz
erfolglos mit Meloxicam vorbehandelt. Bei Vorstellung lag eine Lahmheit (Grad
2/4) der rechten Vordergliedmaße mit geringgradiger Weichteilschwellung vor. Die
Rektaltemperatur betrug 39,9°C. Bei einer aufgrund des Verdachts einer
Polyarthritis durchgeführten Gelenkpunktion kam es zu einer übermäßigen Blutung;
eine mittelgradige Anämie entwickelte sich. Die Gerinnungsdiagnostik ergab eine
isoliert verlängerte aktivierte partielle Thromboplastinzeit (aPTT). Die
Aktivität von Faktor VIII betrug 5% (Referenzbereich: 70–125%), von Faktor IX
55% (80–130%) und von Faktor XII 73% (50–140%).Im Rahmen einer genetischen Untersuchung wurden Exons und angrenzende
Intron-Sequenzen des felinen F8-Gens sequenziert und mit der Referenz
(ENSFCAT00000078256.1) verglichen. Während in den Exons keine nicht-synonymen
Varianten gefunden wurden, zeigte sich im Intron 19 die Variante
c.6073+2 T>C. Diese Variante führt wahrscheinlich zur Veränderung der
Spleiß-Stelle, untypischen Spleißen und damit zu einer veränderten mRNA für
Faktor VIII.Der Kater wurde symptomatisch behandelt (Metamizol, Buprenorphin, Tranexamsäure)
und die klinischen Symptome besserten sich. Im Alter von 8 und 18 Monaten wurde
der Kater mittels eines GnRH-Implantats chemisch kastriert, wobei es nach der
zweiten Implantation zu einer geringgradigen Blutung an der Implantationsstelle
kam. Nach inzwischen 3,5 Jahren lebt der Kater nahezu symptomfrei.Die isolierte aPTT-Verlängerung war hinweisend auf einen Faktormangel. Eine
Faktoraktivitätsbestimmung führte zur Diagnose Hämophilie A. Die genetische
Untersuchung führte zur Entdeckung einer Spleiß-Variante im F8-Gen.
Reverse zoonotic transmission of human seasonal influenza to a pig
herd in Sweden
Authors: Sylvén Kaisa Ryytty , Jacobson Magdalena , Schwarz Lukas , Zohari Siamak 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn January 2023, a Swedish piglet-producing farm with 2800 sows in production
(SIP) was diagnosed with IAV (Influenza A virus) and the isolates were shown to
cluster with the human seasonal influenza (2022/2023). In December 2022,
employees with flu like symptoms tended to the pigs and a few weeks later,
respiratory signs appeared in different age groups; sows in farrowing units were
anorectic and pyrectic. Lung and nasal swabs were tested positive for IAV and
other respiratory infectious agents. Blanket vaccination against H1N1pdm09 of
sows and gilts was initiated but discontinued for sows after 2 treatments.
Biosecurity measures aiming to reduce the spread of virus were implemented.
However, the compliance to follow the protocol was moderate.Combining immunity and strict sanitary measures is crucial to control virus
circulation. As the farmer discontinued sow vaccination and just partly
increased biosecurity, this may have contributed to ongoing virus circulation
and clinical signs in pigs, even 5 months post-diagnosis. Although H1N1pdm09
already had been found in the herd in 2017, there were no clinical signs or
diagnostic results indicating continuous circulation of this or other IAV
strains afterwards. However, this cannot be entirely excluded. Swine IAVs pose a
risk of reintroduction into the human population, highlighting the importance of
vaccination of farm workers against seasonal influenza.
Turkish Translation and Validation of the Expectations of Aesthetic Rhinoplasty Scale
Authors: Yeniceri Agah , Yasar Nagihan Gulhan , Hazır Burak , Cayonu Melih 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to translate, validate, and culturally adapt the original English version of the Expectations of Aesthetic Rhinoplasty Scale (EARS) into Turkish for use in Turkish-speaking communities. Fifty-one patients who wanted to undergo primary rhinoplasty and were literate in Turkish were included in the study. The control group consisted of 81 healthy volunteers who did not require rhinoplasty. A Turkish version of the EARS (EARS-T) was created. The participants completed the EARS-T questionnaire twice, 4-week apart. The internal consistency of the scale (Cronbach's α), the test–retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC]), and differences between the patient and control groups (Pearson's chi-square test) were analyzed. A statistically significant difference was found between the age and gender of the patient and control groups (p = 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Univariate analysis showed that this significant difference did not affect the study results (age: p = 0.2; gender: p = 0.12). In addition, a statistically significant difference was found between the scale scores of the control and rhinoplasty groups (all p < 0.05). The EARS-T had good internal consistency, with high Cronbach's α scores ranging between 0.74 and 0.87. Test–retest reliability was demonstrated by high ICC scores ranging from 0.71 to 0.87. Our study revealed that the EARS-T has good internal consistency, reliability, and validity. Therefore, it can be used to assess the expectations of aesthetic rhinoplasty patients in preoperative consultation practice and in clinical studies related to rhinoplasty.
No Difference in Postoperative Complications between Simultaneous and Staged, Bilateral Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Forlenza Enrico M. , Serino III Joseph , Shinn Daniel , Gerlinger Tad L. , Valle Craig J. Della , Nam Denis 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe optimal timing of contralateral surgery following unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) remains unknown. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the differences in postoperative complications in patients undergoing unilateral, simultaneous, and staged bilateral UKA.The PearlDiver administrative claims database was queried for patients undergoing UKA between 2015 and 2020. Patients undergoing unilateral UKA were matched in a 1:1 fashion with patients undergoing simultaneous bilateral UKA, staged bilateral UKA within 1 to 90 days, and staged bilateral UKA within 91 to 365 days based on age, gender, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), obesity, diabetes, and smoking status. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine the impact of timing of bilateral procedures on 90-day postoperative complications relative to patients who underwent unilateral UKA. Outcomes were considered significant at p < 0.05.A total of 9,638 patients undergoing UKA were included in the final analysis, of which 5,672 (58.9%) were unilateral, 396 (4.1%) were simultaneous bilateral, 1,496 (15.5%) were staged bilateral between 1 and 90 days, and 2,074 (21.5%) were staged bilateral between 91 and 365 days. Univariate analysis identified no significant differences in complications between matched groups except for an increased incidence of wound dehiscence among patients who underwent simultaneous bilateral UKA (2.1% vs. 0.0%, p = 0.040) compared with unilateral UKA. However, multivariate analysis demonstrated that simultaneous or staged bilateral UKA at either time point did not increase the risk of any postoperative complication relative to unilateral surgery.Bilateral UKA can be performed either simultaneous or in a staged fashion without increasing the risk of 90-day complications relative to unilateral UKA.
Joint Injection or Aspiration before Total Knee Arthroplasty: Does It Increase the Risk of Periprosthetic Joint Infection?
Authors: Nin Darren Z. , Chen Ya-Wen , Talmo Carl T. , Hollenbeck Brian L. , Mattingly David , Zvi Yoav , Niu Ruijia , Chang David C. , Smith Eric L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInjections are a common preoperative treatment for patients who eventually undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, recent studies have shown a relationship between preoperative injections and adverse outcomes following surgery. The purpose of this study was to characterize the type of intra-articular procedure patients receive in the acute period prior to surgery and determine their association with postoperative periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).An observational cohort study was conducted using the Merative MarketScan databases. Patients who underwent primary TKA between April 1, 2019, and July 4, 2021, were included in the study. Patients were grouped according to the type of intra-articular procedure they received within the 90-day period prior to TKA: (i) intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IA-HA), (ii) intra-articular corticosteroid (IA-CS), (iii) aspiration, and (iv) no drug injections or aspirations. The primary outcome was the postoperative 180-day PJI rate.A total of 43,219 patients were included in the study. About 11.8% of patients were found to have received at least one injection or aspiration in the 90 days prior to their TKA. The most common injection performed was IA-CS (78.3%), followed by aspiration (13.0%) and IA-HA (8.7%). No image guidance was performed for 92.3% of injections, with most being administered between 61 and 90 days before surgery (93.6%). Rates of PJI at 180 days were similar between patients with and without injections (OR = 1.11, p = 0.569). Neither drug type nor image guidance had an effect on the overall postoperative PJI rate.Injections performed prior to TKA do not increase the risk of developing postoperative PJI.
Is There a Role for Bronchoscopy in Aspiration Pneumonia?
Authors: Darie Andrei M. , Stolz Daiana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAspiration represents the passage of oropharyngeal content to the lower respiratory tract. The interplay between the host and the aspirate proprieties determines the subsequent aspiration syndrome. A low pH, typical of gastric aspirate, favors chemical pneumonitis, whereas an increased bacterial inoculum causes aspiration pneumonia. About a quarter of patients with aspiration pneumonitis will develop a bacterial superinfection during the course of recovery. While antibiotic therapy is indicated for aspiration pneumonia, supportive care remains the cornerstone of treatment in aspiration pneumonitis. However, the overlapping clinical features of these syndromes lead to initiation of antimicrobial therapy in most cases of aspiration. Bronchoscopy can aid in clinical decision-making by direct airway visualization and also by providing access to a series of emerging biomarkers. Invasive microbiological studies increase diagnostic yield and enable a tailored antibiotic treatment. In conjunction with stewardship programs, invasive sampling and novel molecular diagnostics can decrease the amount of inappropriate antibiotic therapy. In the context of foreign body aspiration, bronchoscopy represents both diagnostic and treatment gold standard.
Giant Left Atrium in an Infant with Anomalous Origin of Left Coronary Artery from Pulmonary Artery
Authors: Singh Damandeep , Mukherjee Aprateem , Kumar Sanjeev , Gupta Saurabh Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAnomalous origin of the left coronary artery (ALCAPA) from the pulmonary artery is a rare congenital anomaly with coronary steal and myocardial ischemia. The left ventricular dilatation leads to mitral regurgitation causing left atrial enlargement. We report a rare case of giant left atrium in an infant with ALCAPA-mediated secondary mitral regurgitation, which has been hitherto unreported.