bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Identification of Language and Behavioral Deficits for Psycho-educational Intervention as a Public Policy
Authors: Varanda C. , Mendes E.C. , Campina N. , Aulicino M.D.G. , Nascimento R.D.C.G. , Grilo K.R. , Marczak C.M. , Diogo E.C. , Mello F. , Corrêa R.C. , Fernandes F.D.M. 
Published: May 2016

The impact of educational public policies in developing countries such as Brazil is determinant in the improvement of socioeconomic outcomes as well as in the increase of individual's well-being.This research aimed to study the effects of early detection and intervention in language and behavioral difficulties among 3–4-year-old preschoolers in Brazil. It was designed as a pretest–posttest model with a total of 178 subjects, 90 girls and 88 boys, divided in control (n = 94) and experimental groups (n = 84), with average age of 3.7 y. Children were evaluated in receptive and expressive vocabulary, central auditory processing and behavior. Subjects of the experimental group were engaged in intervention for three months for the development and refinement of language and behavior through activities developed in software used in tablets and orientation provided to their parents and teachers by a professional team composed by speech therapists, psychologists and psycho-pedagogues. The subjects improved their performance in all tests. There was a significant difference in the performance of behavioral and language tests in posttest, indicating that improvement was due to the intervention proposed. This research was supported by the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP) and Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal Foundation (FMCSV) whose agreement aims to develop and support projects with potential application in society. These results are meant to guide the design of a project, which will allow the early identification of communication disorders and behavioral difficulties and the development of continuing education actions for the teachers.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Preventing Self-harm and Reducing Suicidal Ideation Through an Expedited Regular Supportive Psychotherapy and assertive Case Management – Protocol for a Three-arm Partial Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: agyapong V. , Behre T. , Juhas M. , Greenshaw a. 
Published: May 2016

aimTo conduct a three-arm partial randomised controlled trail to evaluate the effectiveness of expedited regular supportive psychotherapy and assertive case management for patients presenting with suicidal ideation or self-harm to the emergency department (ED).Hypothesiswe expect expedited regular supportive psychotherapy plus assertive case management will reduce the suicidality and/or suicidal behaviour in patients by at least 20% at 4 weeks compared to patients receiving only assertive case management or routine care and these differences will be sustained at 6 months.MethodsThis will be a longitudinal, prospective, three-arm controlled single-rater-blinded partial randomized clinical trial with a recruitment period of 12 months and an observation period of 6 months for each participant. Patients in the intervention group will receive regular face-to-face or over the phone brief supportive psychotherapy during weekdays following presentation to the ED with suicidal ideation or self-harm until patients are actively enrolled in regular community mental health services with active case management by the therapist. Patients in the control and the assertive outreach arms will each receive the usual follow-up services offered routinely to regular patients and assertive outreach patients respectively who present to the ED with suicidal ideation or self-harm.ResultsRecruitment will commence in February 2016 and we expect the results of the study to be available by September 2017.ConclusionIf our hypothesis is proved correct, our intervention will be a new model for caring for patients with self-harm and suicidal ideation and is expected to reduce suicide rates.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Loxapine for agitation in Psychiatric Patients Who Consult in Emergency Medical Services
Authors: Carrillo M.Á. , Martínez M.J. , Botías P. , Imbernón I. , Martínez-Carlón M. , Fueyo M. , Calero C. , Megias N. , Pina S. , Gavilan M. , Sanchez M.P. , Sanchez J. , Chacon P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe DSM-5 defines psychomotor agitation as excessive motor activity associated with a feeling of inner tension. The activity is usually nonproductive and repetitious and consists of behaviors such as pacing, fidgeting, wringing of the hands, pulling of clothes, and inability to sit still. This kind of behavoir occurs in up to 25% of psychiatrics patients who consult in emergency medical services.ObjectiveThe main objective was to determine the efficacy of loxapine inhalation powder in acute agitation.MethodsTen agitated psychiatric patients scored Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale – Excited Component (P aNSS-EC) baseline and ten minutes after the administration of aD aSUVE®.ResultsThe efficacy of loxapine 10 mg in the acute treatment of agitation was established in a short-term (10 minutes).ConclusionsLoxapine is the first and only orally inhaled medication for the acute treatment of agitation associated with psychiatrics disorders, which is a tool easy-to-use in emergency medical services.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Do we Know Why we indicate a Mechanical Restraint?
Authors: Pérez E.J. , Galindo L. , Grifell M. , Dinamarca F.N. , Chavarria V. , Salgado P. , Pérez V. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction and objectivesMechanical restraint is a therapeutic procedure commonly applied in acute units in response to psychomotor agitation. Its frequency is between 21 and 59% of patients admitted. These patients represent a risk to both themselves and for health workers. There are not clinical studies that compared if there are differences of the frequency of the specific indication for the mechanical restraint.The aim of this study is to explore the differences of frequency of each indication of mechanical restraint on patients on the psychiatry acute and dual pathology units.Material and methodswe reviewed retrospectively the informatics record of all the mechanical restraints made and the total discharges of the three acute care units and dual disorders of Neuropsychiatry and addictions institute of the Parc de Salut Mar de Barcelona, between January 2012 and January 2015. The episodes of mechanical restraint, the specific indications for them and the DSM-IV diagnostic were coded. Then, was calculated the frequency and proportion of mechanical retrains in the most common diagnostic groups. An ANOV a was performed:– risk of self-aggressiveness;– state of self-aggressiveness;– risk of hetero- aggressiveness;– state of aggressiveness;– risk of psychomotor agitation;– state of psychomotor agitation;– acute confusional state;– fall risk;– risk reduction on therapeutic interventions;– avoid pulling out of life support systems;– facilitate administration of drug treatment;– patient voluntarily requests it;– high-risk of escape.ResultsThe number of discharges analyzed was 4659 from which 838 had an episode of mechanical restraint associated.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric Emergencies and admissions in Ciudad Real area. Statistic Study. a Reflection on use of Emergency Resources and admission Criteria
Authors: Martínez  arnaiz J. , García Blanco C. , Vallejo-Sánchez B. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCiudad Real is an area of approximately 500,000 inhabitants, with a University Hospital and several district hospitals. Psychiatric services and emergencies are centralized in the University Hospital. we analysed the totality of area admissions during 2014, establishing different categories according to ICD 10 diagnosis.Objectivewe want to compare different categories of patients who are admitted to hospital (severe mental illness versus non-severe mental illness), morbidity in different areas and readmission rates according to diagnosis.aimsTo establish a correspondence between attention and severity of psychiatric pathology, diagnostic criteria and how we manage both severe and non-severe mental illness and the repercussion in terms of assistance and pressure in psychiatric emergencies.Methodologyinitially, we made a simple statistic analysis of all admission (400 approximately) in 2014 based on ICD-10 diagnosis, socio-demographic parameters, area, admission stay, number of admissions. we compare both groups: severe and non-severe mental illness according to international criteria. we apply a Pearson correlation searching for relation between severity and attendance to psychiatric emergencies.Resultsaround a 60% of admissions are not due to severe mental illness, these conditions have twice the readmission rate than severe mental illness. we did not find a correlation between attendance to psychiatric emergencies and severity of the condition. Other factors seem to have an important role in re-admissions.ConclusionsNon-severe mental illness is consuming an important part of emergency psychiatric resources. Criteria of admission need to be reviewed or apply rationally.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Access To Mental Health And Immigration
Authors: Fuentes Márquez S. , Alonso Díaz R. , Cortázar Alonso E. 
Published: May 2016

in the present study, we certain demographic variables of immigrants accessing specialized mental health care at two points in time: 2013 and 2014. According to the National institute of Statistics, the number of foreigners fell by 4% in 2013 and 3% in 2014 due to emigration and the acquisition of Spanish nationality. Among the objectives of the department of health is collected to ensure the right to health protection to immigrants through effective access to the health system and improve management capacity and performance of health centers in diverse contexts.ResultsDespite the overall decline in foreign an increase in first consultations requested for immigrants was observed. At both time points, higher demand for foreign women is observed. With respect to age greater demand seen in middle adulthood, however in 2014 there is a greater homogeneity with respect to this variable. The greatest demand comes from Morocco, Romania and Poland, although most Latin American countries are increasingly observed.ConclusionsBetter access and better quality health care to both the immigrant population and of citizens in amount from acceptance and commitment to this complex and diverse and its approach will be achieved.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Victimization of The Mentally Ill
Authors: El-Missiry A. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundPersons with mental disorders living in the community are liable for victimization and are considered as a high-risk group.ObjectiveTo explore the socio-demographic variables and clinical characteristics related to victimization of patients with schizophrenia in comparison to their non-victimized counterparts.Subjects and methodsOne hundred patients were recruited from the inpatient wards and outpatient clinics of the institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University. They were subjected to Structured Clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis I diagnosis (clinical version); Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF); Clinical Global Impression (CGI); designed extensive questionnaire to elicit demographic data; inquiry about drug compliance and Victimization Questionnaire.ResultsSeventy patients of the studied sample were non-victimized and 30 patients were victimized. Victimized patients were significantly younger, living mainly in urban areas, had less frequent history of bullying at school. There were exposed significantly to higher frequency of family domestic violence and childhood abuse. They scored higher for all subscales and in total PANSS scores and they were less compliant on medication than did their non-victimized counterparts.ConclusionStudies of victimization of mentally ill did not draw the attention of researchers and clinicians in Arab world. This study proves that victimization is not uncommon among patients with schizophrenia; clinicians should include assessment for victimization of their patients as a routine work. The current study provides preliminary data for clinicians and policy makers to consider strategies to protect patients with various mental illnesses from being victimized.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Study of Self-perceived Health in a Clinical Sample
Authors: Fernandez-Quintana A. , García-Mahía M.D.C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe assessment of self-perceived health provides an insightful clinical tool when it comes to addressing the subjective perception of social functioning, mental and physical health.ObjectiveTo analyze self-perceived health in patients treated in a primary care clinic and its relationship with other clinical and socio-demographic variables.MethodsA randomized sample of 130 patients, aged 18 years or over, undergoing treatment in a primary care clinic was evaluated. Patients were interviewed following a self-perceived health scale as well as a scale for other clinical and socio-demographic variables. Clinical records were reviewed for prior psychiatric and somatic diagnoses.ResultsOverall, the prevalence of somatic disorders in our simple was 92.3%, whilst psychiatric disorders were present in 23% of patients. Only 6% of the sample reported their mental health to be affected to some degree, while 67% declared their physical health to be damaged. Forty-three percent of the sample follows prescribed psychopharmacological treatment. Women showed lower self-perceived health and reported more psychiatric symptoms in accordance with higher actual prevalences of psychiatric disorders. Among those patients with a psychiatric illness, only two reported the will to search for mental health care, whilst most would prefer consulting their general practitioner.ConclusionsLess than half of the patients who have been diagnosed with a psychiatric disorder consider their mental health to be affected. Among those who do report a self-perceived mental health concern, the majority would prefer consulting their general practitioner rather than a psychiatrist.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Social-stress Disorder. What Does it Mean for the people?
Authors: Pityk O. , Pityk M. , Kuzhda I. 
Published: May 2016

In 90th of 20 Russian psychiatrist Y.A. Alexandrovsky expressed opinion of presence the group of so-called social-stress disorders that was determined like psychogenic-actual for most people in definite social, economic and political situation.Used the method of clinic-psychopathological interview with patients who applied outpatient psychological consultation on the chair of psychiatry.The main changes in psychic state include following behaviors and clinical implications: loss of the value of human life, which is manifested in indifference to death in lowering caution when hazardous situations, willingness to sacrifice lives without any ideals. There is unrestrained lost for pleasure and moral promiscuity, exacerbation of personality typological traits, development of hyperstenic reactions (to self-destructive non-expedient behavior), hypostenic disorders, panic reactions, depression, dissociative and conversive irregularities, loss of communicational plasticity, loss of the ability to adapt to what happens with the preservation prospects of targeted actions, manifestations of cynicism, the tendency to antisocial actions. Patients had complaints on increase anxiety, pessimistic attitudes, existential vacuum, sense of uselessness and loss of perspectives, tendency to irrational perception of reality with including mechanisms of autistic and archaic thinking.Thus, psychological status of the population of Ukraine is a model of social-stress disorder and can be considered like a basis, which leads to the decreasing of the individual barrier of mental adaptation with the next manifestation of different forms of psychological maladjustment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Patients’ Needs as an Outcome Measure in Schizophrenia
Authors: Stefanatou P. , Konstantakopoulos G. , Giannouli E. , Ioannidi N. , Mavreas V. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionOutcome assessment has been highlighted as a crucial factor in the evaluation and transformation of mental health services, providing evidences for the improvement of clinical practice.ObjectiveThis is the first clinical study in Greece to investigate the relationship between the crucial outcome measures of needs, quality of life, disability and psychopathology for patients suffering from schizophrenia. Furthermore, service evaluation based on the assessment of the above outcome measures has never taken place in the country.AimsTo examine the associations between the patients’ needs and other treatment outcome indicators:– quality of life;– disability;– dimensions of schizophrenia symptomatology.MethodThe CAN-R, WHOQOL-BREF, WHODAS 2.0 and PANSS scales were administered to a sample of fifty-three schizophrenia patients and the correlations between the above outcome measures were computed.Results(1) Significant negative correlations emerged between the total number of needs and unmet needs and subjectively assessed quality of life. (2) Significant positive correlations emerged between the total number of needs and unmet needs and subjectively assessed disability. (3) Significant positive correlations were found between the dimensions of schizophrenia symptomatology (positive/negative/general) and the total number of needs in our sample.ConclusionAccording to our findings:– as the number of unmet needs increases patients’ quality of life is lowered;– a possible relationship exists between unmet needs and subjectively assessed disability;– a possible relationship exists between needs and all the dimensions of schizophrenia symptomatology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Values and Values Work in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Vyskocilova J. , Prasko J. , Ociskova M. , Sedlackova Z. , Marackova M. , Holubova M. , Hruby R. , Slepecky M. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundValues influence our thought patterns, emotions, wishes, and needs. Although individuals may be fully aware of their value systems, these often lie more or less outside the area of full consciousness. At least occasional awareness of one's priorities and set of values may be an effective means of self-regulation.MethodLiterature review and description of cases.ResultsCognitive behavioral therapy is aimed at dealing with practical problems and goals in life through changes in cognitive processes, behavior, and emotional reactions. Changes to some values naturally accompany changes to these processes. Life values also underlie motivation to achieve therapeutic changes. For this reason, clarification of patients’ life values is important to therapists as focusing on values aids in connecting therapeutic goals with important areas of life. In addition to a better understanding of patients’ life stories and difficulties that have brought them to a psychotherapist, the identified value system may become a part of everyday CBT strategies such as time management, cognitive restructuring or accommodation of conditional assumptions.ConclusionIdentification and assessment of life values and their use in the course of therapy is a process that increases patients’ motivation to face unpleasant emotions and make careful steps in CBT in order to achieve therapeutic goals. Knowing the patient's life values may help the therapist set therapeutic goals that are associated with significant areas of the patient's life. Together with other CBT techniques, this value-oriented approach increases the effectiveness of therapy and durability of its outcomes after its completion.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Euthymia is not always euthymia: Clinical status of bipolar patients after 6 months of clinical remission
Authors: Samalin L. , De chazeron I. , Reinares M. , Torrent C. , Bonnin C.D.M. , Hidalgo D. , Murru A. , Pacchiarotti I. , Bellivier F. , Llorca P.M. , Vieta E. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionMost studies selected euthymic patients with bipolar disorder in inter-episodic phase according to clinical remission criteria at least between 1 and 6 months. However, possible differences can exist in the course of clinical symptoms in bipolar patients related to the duration of clinical remission.ObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical status of bipolar patients after 6 months of clinical remission.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional study of bipolar outpatients in clinical remission for at least 6 months. Bipolar Depression Rating Scale (BDRS), Young Mania Rating scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) scale, Visual Analogic Scales (VAS) evaluated cognitive impairment were used to assess residual symptomatology of patients. Multivariate analysis (MANCOVA) was conducted for analysing possible differences between 3 groups of patients according to their duration of clinical remission (< 6 months–1 year, < 1 year–3 years, < 3 years–5 years).ResultsA total of 525 patients were included into the study. The multivariate analysis indicated a significant effect of the duration of clinical remission on the different residual symptoms (Pillai's trace: F 4.48, P < 0.001). The duration of clinical remission was associated with the significant improvement of the BDRS total score (P = 0.013), the PSQI total score (P < 0.001) and the cognitive VAS total score (P < 0.001)ConclusionThese results support a possible improvement of residual symptoms according to the duration of clinical remission in bipolar patients. Any definition of euthymia should specify the duration criteria.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.