bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency in Danish children and adolescents
Authors: Plesner Johanne Lind , Dahl Maria , Fonvig Cilius Esmann , Nielsen Tenna Ruest Haarmark , Kloppenborg Julie Tonsgaard , Pedersen Oluf , Hansen Torben , Holm Jens-Christian 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background:
Sufficient serum concentrations of vitamin D are required to maintain bone health during growth. The aims of this study were to determine whether vitamin D deficiency is more prevalent among children and adolescents with obesity compared to their normal weight peers and to identify clinical and biochemical variables associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Methods:
One thousand four hundred and eighty-four children and adolescents with overweight/obesity and 2143 population-based controls were recruited from the Danish Childhood Obesity Biobank. Anthropometric variables and fasting concentrations of serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25-OH-D), plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium and phosphate were assessed at baseline. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-OH-D concentrations <30 nmol/L. Linear and logistic regressions were used to identify variables associated with vitamin D deficiency.

Results:
A total of 16.5% of the children and adolescents with obesity (body mass index [BMI] standard deviation score [SDS]>2.33) exhibited vitamin D deficiency, with an odds ratio (OR) 3.41 (confidence interval [CI]: 2.27–5.71; p<0.0001) for being vitamin D deficient compared to their normal weight peers. BMI-SDS was independently and inversely associated with serum 25-OH-D concentrations. Other independent risk factors for vitamin D deficiency were being older than 14 years (OR: 2.39; CI: 1.28–4.48; p=0.006), more than 4 daily hours of screen time (OR: 4.56; CI: 2.59–8.05; p<0.0001) and blood sample assessment during winter-spring (OR: 6.44; CI: 4.47–9.26; p<0.0001).

Conclusions:
Vitamin D deficiency was common among Danish children and adolescents with obesity. The degree of obesity was independently associated with lower serum 25-OH-D concentrations.
Congenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia
Authors: Yuan Shi-Min 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCongenital pulmonary lymphangiectasia (CPL) is a rare but fatal disease, usually having an onset from the first few hours to days after birth. Inconsistent nomenclatures were used for CPL in the past decades. Patients often present with intractable respiratory failure, hydrops fetalis and even sudden death. The etiologies of CPL remain unclear. Previous hypotheses suggested that CPL might be caused by conditions preventing normal regression of the lymphatics after the 18
Docetaxel/cisplatin therapy in myasthenia gravis with hypertension/diabetes
Authors: Qi Guoyan , Xue Yinping , Li Yongzhao , Yang Hongxia , Zhang Xiaojing 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundTherapeutic options for thymoma-associated myasthenia gravis (MG) patients complicated with hypertension and/or diabetes post thymectomy are often conventional steroids. As the prevalence of diabetes and hypertension globally increases, other therapeutic options for these patients are of great importance.Material/methods9 patients with thymoma-associated MG complicated with hypertension and/or diabetes after thymectomy were administered 75 mg/m2 of docetaxel and 70 mg/m2 of cisplatin on day 1. The treatment could be repeated at 3-week intervals, ranging from 1 to 4 cycles according to the status of the patients. Therapeutic efficacy and side effects were evaluated.Results2 patients were complicated with type 2 diabetes, 6 with hypertension, and 1 with both diabetes and hypertension. After docetaxel/cisplain therapy, the MG symptoms were markedly improved in all patients (2, complete remission; 3, basic remission; 3, marked improvement; 1, improvement). Acetylcholine receptor (AchR) antibody levels were decreased in 8 patients. Minor adverse effects were observed in 2 patients, 1 with Grade II gastrointestinal reaction, and the other with pulmonary infection.ConclusionDocetaxel plus cisplatin might be an effective therapeutic option for thymoma-associated MG patients complicated with hypertension /diabetes post thymectomy without worsening thymoma and hypertension / diabetes.
Deutsch-jüdisches Gelehrtentum und altjiddische Literatur: Zur Rehabilitierung einer vergessenen Tradition
Authors: Elyada Aya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIm ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert, als immer weitere Kreise deutscher Juden die jiddische Muttersprache durch die deutsche Sprache ersetzten, kam die Veröffentlichung altjiddischer Literatur in West- und Mitteleuropa de facto zum Stillstand. Dessen ungeachtet geriet dieses umfassende, einst äußerst populäre literarische Korpus keineswegs in Vergessenheit. Vielmehr erhielten diese Texte in den Arbeiten deutsch-jüdischer Wissenschaftler und Autoren aus dem 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhundert einen festen Platz: Sie wurden übersetzt und adaptiert sowie in kommentierten Anthologien, Literaturverzeichnissen und -übersichten paraphrasiert, diskutiert und analysiert. Oftmals verlieh man den altjiddischen Werken dadurch nicht nur ein „Nachleben“, sondern sie erfuhren dabei gleichermaßen eine Rehabilitierung, indem sie als literarische und historische Monumente einer verschwundenen jüdischen Vergangenheit neue Wertschätzung erhielten. Der vorliegende Beitrag konzentriert sich auf zwei entscheidende Momente in der Geschichte der Übersetzung und Rehabilitierung dieser vergessenen Tradition: einerseits das Werk Abraham M. Tendlaus, das vor dem Hintergrund der Akkulturationsbemühungen in der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts und der deutsch-jüdischen Nostalgiekultur gelesen werden muss; andererseits die Werke Max Grunwalds und anderer prominenter Volkskundler des ausgehenden 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts – eine Zeit also, in der die liberale Idee einer deutsch-jüdischen Symbiose durch die aufkommenden Rassenideologien und den politischen Antisemitismus zunehmend untergraben wurde. Wie gezeigt werden soll, beeinflussten die verschiedenen historischen Kontexte sowohl die Rolle, die altjiddischen Texten in den Schriften dieser jüdischen Gelehrten zugesprochen wurde, als auch die Art und Weise, in der sie im Rahmen der deutsch-jüdischen Suche nach einer „verwertbaren Vergangenheit“ übersetzt, präsentiert und diskutiert wurden.
The Humanities through the Lens of Migration: Richard Koebner’s Transition from Germany to Jerusalem
Authors: Feldhay Rivka 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe present article turns the spotlight onto epistemic-normative dilemmas that, in my estimation, stand at the heart of the humanities as a field of study (the reason for the hyphen between epistemic and normative will become evident as we progress). For the sake of elucidating these productive tensions, we will delve into the thought of Richard Koebner (1885–1958) – a Jewish historian that emigrated from Germany to Palestine in 1934. This transition crystallized the above-mentioned dilemmas in his own mind, from both a personal and theoretical standpoint. More specifically, he developed a critical historiographic outlook on the past and present alike. A major focus of his deliberations was the nature of humanistic knowledge, not least historiography. Though this question preoccupied Koebner throughout his academic career, the new circumstances in Palestine/Israel sharpened and shaped his perspective.
Mid-infrared integrated photonics on silicon: a perspective
Authors: Lin Hongtao , Luo Zhengqian , Gu Tian , Kimerling Lionel C. , Wada Kazumi , Agarwal Anu , Hu Juejun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe emergence of silicon photonics over the past two decades has established silicon as a preferred substrate platform for photonic integration. While most silicon-based photonic components have so far been realized in the near-infrared (near-IR) telecommunication bands, the mid-infrared (mid-IR, 2–20-μm wavelength) band presents a significant growth opportunity for integrated photonics. In this review, we offer our perspective on the burgeoning field of mid-IR integrated photonics on silicon. A comprehensive survey on the state-of-the-art of key photonic devices such as waveguides, light sources, modulators, and detectors is presented. Furthermore, on-chip spectroscopic chemical sensing is quantitatively analyzed as an example of mid-IR photonic system integration based on these basic building blocks, and the constituent component choices are discussed and contrasted in the context of system performance and integration technologies.
Crystal structure of bis(2-((allylcarbamothioyl)imino)-4-methylthiazol-3-ido-κ2
N,S)palladium(II), C16H20N6PdS4
Authors: Jambi Suhair M.S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
C16H20N6PdS4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 13.2801(8) Å, b = 18.5771(8) Å, c = 10.2577(5) Å, β = 121.906(2)°, V = 2148.29(19) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0300, WR
ref(F
2) = 0.0721, T = 293 K.
Co-Determination as a Path to Goal Commitment: Managing Danish Upper Secondary Schools
Authors: Staniok Camilla Denager 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPerformance management systems that include goal setting have become a widespread instrument in public management, intended to ensure that the entire organization is working to meet the same goals. One key question, however, is how public managers can ensure their employees’ commitment to the goals that management has chosen to prioritize. This article examines the importance of “co-determination” for the relationship between managers’ goal prioritization and the goal commitment of the employees in upper secondary schools in Denmark. Co-determination has the potential to create a common direction and committed employees, thereby rendering it a valuable tool for public managers in goal setting processes. Analysis of ten qualitative interviews with teachers and principals provides rich insight into the concept of co-determination in the context of Danish education, and a quantitative analysis of two parallel questionnaires with 73 principals and 1353 teachers reveals how co-determination has a positive impact on the association between a school principal’s prioritization of the goal of achieving a high completion rate and the teachers’ commitment to the goal.
Synthesis, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT-D studies of indole-based compounds
Authors: Shalaby ElSayed M. , Srour Aladdin M. , Panda Siva S. , George Riham F. , Fitch Andrew N. , Girgis Adel S. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Four indole-based compounds have been synthesized and their crystal structures determined using high-resolution synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction. In vacuo density function theory (DFT) optimization has been used in building initial molecular models for structure solution with the help of the Cambridge structure database. All four compounds were found to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. Dispersion-corrected DFT (DFT-D) has been used for experimental crystal structure validation with acceptable agreement found between the DFT-optimized and final refined structures. Three of the compounds exhibit bronchodilation properties with potency comparable to the theophylline (standard reference).
Five-Hour Autoclave Test for Determining Potential Alkali-Silica Reactivity of Concrete Aggregates: A Multi-Laboratory Study
Authors: Wood Stephanie G. , Giannini Eric R. , Bentivegna Anthony F. , Rashidian-Dezfouli Hassan , Rangaraju Prasada Rao , Drimalas Thano , Ramsey Monica A. , Johnson Tyler R. , Moser Robert D. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) is a deleterious chemical reaction that can lead to expansion and cracking of concrete structures. The reaction occurs between alkali hydroxides in the pore solution and reactive forms of silica present in some aggregates. To successfully mitigate ASR in new structures, the potential alkali reactivity of the aggregates must be known. Standardized test methods for this purpose are sometimes too time-consuming for rapid military construction operations. To assess the viability of a five-hour autoclaved mortar bar test method for ultra-rapid identification of aggregate reactivity, researchers in five laboratories participated in a multi-laboratory study led by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC). The test method uses fine aggregate in mortar bars like those used in ASTM C1260, Standard Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Aggregates (Mortar-Bar Method), but the equivalent alkali content of the mortar is boosted to 3.5 % by mass of cement. Mortar bars are cured for 48 hours prior to autoclaving at 130°C for five hours at peak temperature. This paper details the test procedure, expansions, comparisons with the accelerated mortar bar test and the concrete prism test, within- and multi-laboratory precisions, and investigation into the amount of alkali leaching during the test. For 85 % of the 20 aggregates tested, there was agreement between the autoclave test and ASTM C1260 in determining whether or not an aggregate was reactive to some degree. The agreement between the autoclave test and ASTM C1293, Standard Test Method for Determination of Length Change of Concrete Due to Alkali-Silica Reaction, was 100 % for ten of the aggregates for which ASTM C1293 data were available. The average within- and multi-laboratory coefficients of variation were 5.9 and 20.0 %, respectively. Results showed alkali leaching to be between 6 and 9 % per mortar bar. This study demonstrated the viability of the five-hour autoclave test for rapidly assessing aggregate reactivity in military construction operations.
Incorporating the Strength Provided by Subgrade Stabilization in the Flexible Pavement Design Procedures
Authors: Al-Jhayyish Anwer K. , Sargand Shad M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Chemical stabilization has been successfully used to treat weak subgrade soil by permanently changing its physical and chemical properties, such as reducing plasticity and increasing stiffness and load bearing capacity, so it can serve as a construction platform during constructions and provide long-term structural stability. The Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) has adopted a policy to globally stabilize the subgrade for new construction. However, the strength provided by subgrade stabilization has not been incorporated into the design procedures for flexible pavement. Therefore, in this study, the impact of subgrade stabilization on the stiffness and performance of pavement layers was investigated. In situ testing, including the falling weight deflectometer (FWD) and the portable seismic pavement analyzer (PSPA), was performed on 20 pavement sections within the state of Ohio to evaluate pavement sections constructed with stabilized subgrade. Backcalculation of pavement layers’ moduli was carried out on the FWD data collected. Finite element analysis was performed using ABAQUS to validate the pavement layers’ stiffness obtained from backcalculation. The validated layer moduli were used to determine structural numbers and layer coefficients of pavement layers. The result was used to investigate the effect of subgrade stabilization on pavement design procedures. Significant reduction in the pavement thickness and distress was obtained as a result of incorporating subgrade stabilization into pavement design procedures.
Measuring Foliation Tensile Strength of Metamorphic Rock by Using Pull-Off Test
Authors: Weng Meng-Chia , Li Jin-Hong , Lin Cheng-Han , Liao Chu-Tsen 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The tensile strength of rock is an important property of rock engineering. However, the measurement of the tensile strength of rock is often overlooked due to difficulties of specimen preparation and the accuracy of testing results. This study adopted the pull-off test to measure the foliation tensile strength of metamorphic rock such as slate, green schist, and black schist. Compared with contemporary tensile tests, this method is relatively simple and effective, with easy specimen preparation. Additionally, this approach can be conducted not only in the laboratory but also in the field, which is quite useful for evaluating the rock slope stability. This study recommends procedures for sample preparation and testing as well. The test results indicate that the black schist exhibited the greatest tensile strength and that the slate had the lowest strength. Besides this, the slate exhibited significant wetting deterioration. Examination of the failure patterns revealed that the failure planes of all specimens occurred on the foliation planes, indicating reasonable failure patterns. Finally, this study investigated the factors potentially affecting the validity of tensile strength measurement, including the failures occurring at (1) the preexisting joint during sample preparation and (2) the interface of rock and epoxy resin. Procedures for mitigating this effect were also suggested.
A Framework for Interpretation of the Compressibility Behavior of Soils
Authors: Soltani Amin , Deng An , Taheri Abbas , Sridharan Asuri , Estabragh A. R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper aims at the development of a regression-aided analytical framework for modeling and analyzing the compressibility behavior of over-consolidated soils. A three-parameter rectangular hyperbola function (3P-RH) was proposed for describing the void ratio–effective stress relationship. Validation of the 3P-RH was carried out by a compiled database gathered from the literature. Simple analytical solutions were then proposed for determining the compressibility curve variables including the compression (Cc) and recompression (Cr) indices and the preconsolidation pressure (Pc), which are intended to replace the current subjective graphical method by providing consistent results. Equations for the preconsolidation pressure were derived in accordance with four common graphical constructions covering various levels of geometrical complexity (slightly to highly subjective). A probabilistic comparison among the graphical constructions was then carried out. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis with respect to the proposed preconsolidation pressure functions was considered to evaluate the influence of the 3P-RH fitting parameters (α and β) on the preconsolidation pressure value. The proposed 3P-RH compressibility model accompanied by the suggested analytical solutions for solving the compressibility curve variables construct a unique framework for modeling the compressibility behavior of soils with an acceptable degree of accuracy and, more importantly, by a simple objective approach.
Voltage Sensorless Controller for Photovoltaic Integrated Shunt Active Power Filter for Enhancement of Power Quality
Authors: Ramakrishnan C. , Pradeep R. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The shunt active power filter (APF) is one of the most effective custom power devices that provide compensation to current-based disturbances. The shunt APF topology consists of a voltage source inverter and a dc link capacitor. The current-based compensation ability of the shunt APF is influenced by the control technique, which is used to estimate the reference source current signal. Moreover, the controller decides the required number of devices and measurement practices; therefore, it determines the corresponding costs. In this paper, second order generalized integrator (SOGI) with a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is utilized to estimate the reference source current of shunt APF. The proposed control algorithm makes use of the details about the converter and load currents; therefore, it does not require voltage-related information and sensors. The proposed topology employs a photovoltaic (PV) system with a supplementary energy storage unit to supply the active power requirement of the utility grid and provides the continuous compensation of current-based disturbances and voltage interruption in the power distribution system. The PV integrated shunt APF is tested with different load conditions and the performance of the system is investigated under steady and dynamic state conditions. To ensure the effectiveness of the proposed control algorithm for the PV integrated shunt APF, the simulation and experimental results are presented.
Abstinence from Cocaine-Induced Conditioned Place Preference Produces Discrete Changes in Glutamatergic Synapses onto Deep Layer 5/6 Neurons from Prelimbic and Infralimbic Cortices
Authors: Pena-Bravo José I. , Reichel Carmela M. , Lavin Antonieta 
Published: December 2017

AbstractGlutamatergic signaling in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) plays a critical role in drug addiction and relapse. The mPFC is functionally subdivided into dorsal (prelimbic, PL) and ventral (infralimbic, IL) regions, and evidence suggests a differential role of these two divisions in the control of drug seeking and taking; however, there is a dearth of information on the cocaine-induced adaptations in PL- and IL-mPFC synaptic glutamate transmission and their regulation of behavioral responses to cocaine-associated stimuli. We tested male rats in a cocaine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. In vitro whole-cell recordings were performed at different abstinence intervals to investigate the neuroadaptations in synaptic glutamate transmission in PL- and IL-mPFC deep layer (5/6) pyramidal neurons. Our results show that in naïve animals, PL-mPFC neurons expressed higher frequency of spontaneous events (sEPSCs) than IL-mPFC neurons. Following cocaine-CPP and a short abstinence (SA) period (8 d), we observed decreases in the amplitude of sEPSCs in both mPFC regions. Longer abstinence periods (30 d), resulted in a sustained decrease in the frequency of sEPSCs and an increase in AMPA receptor rectification only in PL-mPFC neurons. In addition, PL-mPFC neurons expressed a decrease in the area under the curve of sEPSCs, suggesting altered receptor activation dynamics. Synaptic glutamate transmission was not significantly different between retested and naïve rats. These results suggest that retention of cocaine-CPP requires differential modulation of glutamate transmission between PL- and IL-mPFC neurons and that these adaptations are dependent on the abstinence interval and reexposure to the cocaine context.
The prevalence of occupational health-related problems in dentistry: A review of the literature
Authors: Moodley Rajeshree , Naidoo Saloshni , van Wyk Jacqueline 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

The study was conducted to report on the scope and prevalence of occupational health related-problems experienced by dentists, dental therapists, and oral hygienists in their practice of dentistry.

Background
Professional practice and dental training have many risk factors, and the dental team should be able to recognize these factors to protect themselves. The prevalence of conditions related to the musculoskeletal system, stress, percutaneous injuries, ears, and eyes are of concern. The dental team should also not forget hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV as risks in practice. Dental practitioners should protect themselves by self-recognizing risk factors and by maintaining proper working conditions.

Methods
The study targeted all empirical research, case studies, and systematic literature reviews written in English. All articles selected were subjected to a data analysis process. Data were captured on an Excel spreadsheet and reported in a comprehensive table.

Results
The literature addressing occupational health among dental practitioners included mainly crosssectional studies and review papers (2001-2016). Forty-nine studies were included in the review. Musculoskeletal disorders remain the most researched occupational health-related problems in dentistry. Eye protection compliance was low among practitioners. Percutaneous injuries especially among young dentists and students were still a concern.

Conclusion
Occupational health-related problems are still prevalent in current dentistry practice, despite changes in equipment and surgery design. The reported prevalence of occupational related-health problems and other findings of investigative studies highlight the need for continuous professional education and a need to improve clinical practice aspects of dentistry curricula.