bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Humanized In Vivo Bone Tissue Engineering: In Vitro Preculture Conditions Control the Structural, Cellular, and Matrix Composition of Humanized Bone Organs
Authors: Bessot Agathe , Medeiros Savi Flavia , Gunter Jennifer , Mendhi Jayanti , Amini Shahrouz , Waugh David , McGovern Jacqui , Hutmacher Dietmar W. , Bock Nathalie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBone tissue engineering (BTE) has long sought to elucidate the key factors controlling human/humanized bone formation for regenerative medicine and disease modeling applications, yet with no definitive answers due to the high number and co‐dependency of parameters. This study aims to clarify the relative impacts of in vitro biomimetic ‘preculture composition’ and ‘preculture duration’ before in vivo implantation as key criteria for the optimization of BTE design. These parameters are directly related to in vitro osteogenic differentiation (OD) and mineralization and are being investigated across different osteoprogenitor‐loaded biomaterials, specifically fibrous calcium phosphate‐polycaprolactone (CaP‐mPCL) scaffolds and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels. The results show that OD and mineralization levels prior to implantation, enhanced by a mineralization medium supplement to the osteogenic medium (OM), significantly improve ectopic BTE outcomes, regardless of the biomaterial type. Specifically, preculture conditions are pivotal in achieving more faithful mimicry of human bone structure, cellular and extracellular matrix composition and organization, and provide control over bone marrow composition. This work emphasizes the potential of using biomimetic culture compositions, specifically the addition of a mineralization medium as a cost‐effective and straightforward approach to enhance BTE outcomes, facilitating rapid development of bone models with superior quality and resemblance to native bone.
Synthetic Periodontal Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane with Self‐Assembling Biphasic Structure and Temperature‐Sensitive Shape Maintenance
Authors: Swanson W. Benton , Woodbury Seth M. , Dal‐Fabbro Renan , Douglas Lindsey , Albright Jackson , Eberle Miranda , Niemann David , Xu Jinping , Bottino Marco C. , Mishina Yuji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPeriodontal disease poses significant challenges to the long‐term stability of oral health by destroying the supporting structures of teeth. Guided tissue regeneration techniques, particularly barrier membranes, enable local regeneration by providing an isolated, protected compartment for osseous wound healing while excluding epithelial tissue. Here, this study reports on a thermosensitive periodontal membrane (TSPM) technology designed to overcome the mechanical limitations of current membranes through a semi‐interpenetrating network of high molecular weight poly(L‐lactic acid) (PLLA) and in situ‐polymerized mesh of poly(ε‐caprolactone)diacrylate (PCL‐DA), and poly lactide‐co‐glycolide diacrylate (PLGA‐DA). An optimized composition allows facile reshaping at greater than 52 °C and rigid shape maintenance at physiological temperature. Its unique bilayer morphology is achieved through self‐assembly and thermally‐induced phase separation, resulting in distinct yet continuous smooth and nanofibrous compartments adequate for epithelial occlusion and regeneration. Incorporating PLGA‐DA enhances the membrane's hydrophilicity and degradation properties, facilitating a more rapid and controlled degradation and therapeutic delivery. This study demonstrates its ability to promote local regeneration by serving as a barrier membrane and simultaneously as a scaffolding matrix in a rat orthotopic periodontal defect model. The TSPM outperformed a clinically available material (Epi‐Guide) to facilitate robust alveolar bone and periodontal ligament regeneration at 4 and 8 weeks.
Spatially Precise Light‐Activated Dedoping in Wafer‐Scale MoS2 Films
Authors: Ghoshal Debjit , Paul Goutam , Sagar Srikrishna , Shank Cole , Hurley Lauren A. , Hooper Nina , Tan Jeiwan , Burns Kory , Hachtel Jordan A. , Ferguson Andrew J. , Blackburn Jeffrey L. , Lagemaat Jao van de , Miller Elisa M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract2D materials, particularly transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), have shown great potential for microelectronics and optoelectronics. However, a major challenge in commercializing these materials is the inability to control their doping at a wafer scale with high spatial fidelity. Interface chemistry is used with the underlying substrate oxide and concomitant exposure to visible light in ambient conditions for photo‐dedoping wafer scale MoS2. It is hypothesized that the oxide layer traps photoexcited holes, leaving behind long‐lived electrons that become available for surface reactions with ambient air at sulfur vacancies (defect sites) resulting in dedoping. Additionally, high fidelity spatial control is showcased over the dedoping process, by laser writing, and fine control achieved over the degree of doping by modulating the illumination time and power density. This localized change in MoS2 doping density is very stable (at least 7 days) and robust to processing conditions like high temperature and vacuum. The scalability and ease of implementation of this approach can address one of the major issues preventing the “Lab to Fab” transition of 2D materials and facilitate its seamless integration for commercial applications in multi‐logic devices, inverters, and other optoelectronic devices.
Metal‐Free Benzothioxanthene Imide Based Dyes for Organic Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells
Authors: Leong Kwang Keat , Kim Hee Jung , Morice Korentin , Josse Pierre , Puchán Sánchez Darío , Kim Jinbo , Auh Yanghyun , Kim Donghwan , Blanchard Philippe , Monnereau Cyrille , Cabanetos Clément , Kim Eunkyoung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTwo synthetic organic dyes of the Benzothioxanthene imide (BTI) family are explored as a promising electroactive material for organic light‐emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). The high thermal stability and ease of thin film processing make BTI‐based compounds suitable for these devices. However, their planar π‐conjugated structure often leads to aggregation‐caused quenching (ACQ), reducing luminescence in the solid state. To overcome this, this study has taken advantage of host‐guest interactions with 4,4′‐bis(9H‐carbazol‐9‐yl) biphenyl (p‐CBP), poly(9‐vinylcarbazole) (PVK), and poly(dioctylfluorene) (PFO) to suppress ACQ. The use of p‐CBP improved the internal electrical double layer (EDL) alignment within the film, resulting in higher luminescence compared to PFO and PVK‐based LECs. The BTI‐F dye, when incorporated into a dual host system with p‐CBP and PFO, achieved an impressive luminescence of up to 3900 cd m−2. Additionally, PFO enhanced charge balance, contributing to a blue shift in maximum absorption wavelength and increasing the device's tolerance. A triple‐host system (p‐CBP, PVK, PFO) further extended the device's half‐life (t1/2) to 54 min, demonstrating the potential of these host‐guest systems in advancing metal‐free LEC technology.
The Role of Host Material in the Design of Ratiometric Optical Density Meters Based on Cr3+ Luminescence in Y3Al5‐xGaxO12:Cr3+
Authors: Jaśkielewicz Julia , Szymczak Maja , Zeler Justyna , Marciniak Lukasz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe skillful combination of luminescent thermometry and optical heating has enabled the development of luminescent optical density meters. However, developing such sensing materials with predefined sensing performance requires an understanding of which material parameters play a dominant role in the optical response of the system. In this study, a systematic investigation is conducted on the influence of host material composition and crystal field strength affecting the Cr3+ ions on the sensing performance of the ratiometric optical density meter based on the 2E→4A2 to 4T2→4A2 luminescence intensity ratio (LIR) in Y3Al5‐xGaxO12:Cr3+. As shown, the LIR reveals thermal variation according to the Boltzmann distribution in these materials over the 160 to 500 K range. However, at higher temperatures, monotonic changes in LIR are still observed. This has enabled the development of optical density meters with high sensitivity, operating over a wide range of power densities (<5500 W cm−2). The maximum sensitivity is found for Y3Al3Ga2O12:Cr3+, reaching 0.086% W−1 cm2 at 2 W cm−2, which is the highest value reported to date among all ratiometric Cr3+‐based optical density meters. It is demonstrated that a strong crystal field favorably influences the thermal sensitivity of the analyzed systems, thereby achieving high sensitivity in the low optical power density range (<1000 W cm−2). However, it also limits the operating range of the sensing material. Conversely, to extend the operating range of the optical density meter, materials with intermediate or low crystal field strengths are preferred.
Super‐Absorber, Super‐Bright, Nearly‐Non‐Blinking CsPbI3 Perovskite Nanocrystal
Authors: Mukherjee Soumen , Ghosh Swarnali , Ghosal Mainak , Dey Sourav , Mandal Saptarshi , De Chayan K. , Debnath Rahul , Karmakar Manobina , Karmakar Ayon Jyoti , Datta Prasanta K. , Mandal Prasun K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGigantic magnitude of molar extinction coefficient (ɛ) (≈2 × 108 m−1 cm−1) and PLQY (0.98) through Zn‐alloying and surface‐passivating ligand variation, make the CsPbI3 based perovskite nanocrystal (PNC) the most super‐absorbing and most super‐bright among quantum dot‐PNC family. Radiative rate got enhanced 9 times and non‐radiative rate decreased 13 times. Moreover, very high (detrapping rate/trapping rate) of electron and 90% peak of ON fraction make this PNC a nearly‐non‐blinking one. Ultrafast and comparatively shorter hot exciton/electron cooling time (536 fs) and hot exciton/electron trapping time (516 fs) can explain why this PNC exhibits hitherto unobserved excellent optical properties.
Cocktail Polyplexes With Synchronous Flightless I siRNA and Nitric Oxide Release for Potential Chronic Wound Healing
Authors: Kharaziha Mahshid , Salehi Sahar , Scheibel Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChronic wounds are one of the health challenges threatening human life. In these wounds, overexpression of some types of cytoskeletal actin‐remodeling proteins including Flightless I (Flii) can often lead to severe skin scarring. Herein, arginine functionalized poly(β‐amino ester)s are synthesized to develop polyplexes with alginate for delivery of Flii siRNA. This approach results in forming polyplexes with distinct features, such as tunable zeta potential, particle size, polydispersity, and arginine conjugation level. It is demonstrated that the uptake of arginine functionalized poly(β‐amino ester)/alginate particles is composition‐dependent for various cell types including J774.1 macrophages and BJ fibroblasts. Such polyplexes trigger nitric oxide release by macrophages enhancing the expression of anti‐inflammatory genes while diminishing the expression of pro‐inflammatory markers and demonstrating its immunomodulatory properties. Flii siRNA loaded particles provide condensed siRNA into the core‐shell polyplex and exhibit controlled release of Flii siRNA over 24 h. The uptake rate of this polyplex by macrophages and fibroblasts is higher than that of a commercial gene carrier (Lipofectamine 2000), knocking down the in vitro Flii gene expression (1.3‐fold). The increased BJ fibroblast proliferation and higher expression of collagen I (COL I) show the suitability of these polyplexes for wound healing.
Covalent Carbide Interconnects Enable Robust Interfaces and Thin SEI for Graphite Anode Stability under Extreme Fast Charging
Authors: Rangom Yverick , Sherepenko Oleksii , Shafiee Ahad , Cholewinski Alek , Gundegowda Kalligowdanadoddi Kiran , Bastug Azer Bersu , Jafarzadeh Parisa , Zhao Boxin , Biro Elliot , Kleinke Holger , Pope Michael A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbonaceous and carbon‐coated electrodes are ubiquitous in electrochemical energy storage and conversion technologies due to their electrochemical stability, lightweight nature, and relatively low cost. However, traditional reliance on conductive additives and binders leads to impermanent electrical pathways. Here, a general approach is presented to fabricate robust electrodes with a progressive failure mechanism by introducing carbide‐based interconnects grown via carbothermal conversion of (5 wt%) titanium hydride nanoparticles. This method concurrently enhances both electrical and mechanical properties within the electrode architecture. The resulting chemical bonding between active materials establishes a novel mechanism to maintain stable electrical pathways during cycling. Employed as Li‐ion battery anodes, these electrodes exhibit improved cyclability, achieving 80% capacity retention after 800 fast‐charge cycles at moderate loading (1 mAh cm−2). High loading cells with areal capacity of 3 mAh cm−2 show significantly improved cycle life over the same number of cycles. This performance improvement is attributed to the absence of significant impedance growth and a thinner solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer formed at high current densities (4C) as demonstrated by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy studies. The enhanced conductivity facilitates SEI formation, lowering ionic impedance and mitigating lithium plating, ultimately leading to the reported extended cycle life.
Regulating Chlorine and Hydrogen Atom Transfer for Selective Photoelectrochemical C─C Coupling by Cu‐coordination Effect at Semiconductor/Electrolyte Interfaces
Authors: Li Qiaozhen , Dang Kun , Wu Lei , Liu Siqin , Zhang Yuchao , Zhao Jincai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSemiconductor‐based photoelectrochemical (PEC) organic transformations usually show radical characteristics, in which the reaction selectivity is often difficult to precisely control due to the nonselectivity of radicals. Accordingly, several simple organic reactions (e.g., oxidations of alcohols, aldehydes, and other small molecules) have been widely studied, while more complicated processes like C─C coupling remain challenging. Herein, a synergistic heterogeneous/homogeneous PEC strategy is developed to achieve a controllable radical‐induced C─C coupling reaction mediated by the copper‐coordination effect at the semiconductor/electrolyte interfaces, which additionally exerts a significant impact on the product regioselectivity. Through experimental studies and theoretical simulations, this study reveals that the copper‐chloride complex effectively regulates the formation of chloride radicals, a typical hydrogen atom transfer agent, on semiconductor surfaces and stabilizes the heterogeneous interfaces by suppressing the radical‐induced surface passivation. Taking the Minisci reaction (the coupling between 2‐phenylquinoline and cyclohexane) as a model, the yield of the target C─C coupling product reaches up to 90% on TiO2 photoanodes with a selectivity of 95% and long‐term stability over 100 h. Moreover, such a strategy exhibits a broad scope and can be used for the functionalization of various heteroaromatic hydrocarbons.
Self‐assembled small molecule spherulites under mild conditions: High solid‐state quantum yield and unique interconnected structural and fluorescent colors
Authors: Li Cheng , Arteaga Oriol , Ehlers Florian , Krüsmann Marcel , Sun Bianjing , Poisson Jade , Karg Matthias , Vana Philipp , Zhang Kai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpherulites are generally fabricated from cooling polymer melts, while their fabrication under mild conditions or from small molecule materials has been barely reported. Besides, organic luminescent molecules typically suffer from low quantum yields in a solid state. Moreover, preparing material with interconnected and simultaneous changes in structural and fluorescent colors is challenging. Here, we present the first solution‐derived spherulites with unique interconnected structural and fluorescent colors, self‐assembled from stearoylated monosaccharides at room temperature. D‐galactose stearoyl ester self‐assembled into banded spherulites, containing twisted nanoplates and interconnected simultaneously changing structural and fluorescent colors. In comparison, D‐mannose stearoyl ester can only form non‐banded spherulites, which contain oriented nanoplates and uniform structural and fluorescent colors. Such materials revealed a novel negative correlation between fluorescence and birefringence, termed alignment‐promoted quenching propensity. Remarkably, the solid‐state fluorescence quantum yields of galactose and mannose‐derived spherulites are as high as 49 ± 2% and 51 ± 2% respectively, approximately ten times higher than those of unmodified monosaccharides. These quantum yield values are among the highest of reported organic nonconventional fluorophores and even comparable to those of conventional aromatic chromophores. Moreover, these spherulites manifested an unexpected excitation‐dependent multicolor photoluminescence with a broad‐spectrum emission (410−620 nm). They show multiple peaks in the photoluminescent emission spectra and broad fluorescence lifetime distributions, which should be attributed to the clustering of a variety of oxygen‐containing functional groups as emissive moieties.
Mechanical Ventilator Settings Estimation From an AI Model
Authors: Moghadam Ali , Pidaparti Ramana M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMechanical ventilation (MV) is used in subjects with respiratory problems for assistance in breathing. Various MV settings are adjusted at the clinician's discretion based on the patient's respiratory condition. In this study, an AI (artificial intelligence) model using artificial neural networks (ANNs) along with Bayesian Optimization (BO) was developed to estimate the desired MV settings for various subject scenarios. The ANN model with two hidden layers was trained with experimental data collected from subjects (canines and felines) in our previous work. Inverse mapping of the trained ANNs was conducted using BO to predict the acceptable MV settings for specific subject outcomes. Our results suggest that the model can support veterinarians in estimating the proper MV parameters for optimal subject outcome.
SOS1‐Related Noonan Syndrome and Sudden Cardiac Arrest in the Absence of Cardiomyopathy—An Arrhythmia Phenotype?
Authors: Cirelli Michael A. , Wackel Philip , Javed Rabia , Gavrilova Ralitza , Qureshi M. Yasir , Dearani Joseph A. , Boucher Lauren M. , Niaz Talha 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTNoonan syndrome (NS) is a predominantly autosomal dominant condition with various cardiac and extra‐cardiac manifestations. Although it has been linked with atrial arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias are extremely rare in the absence of underlying structural cardiac abnormalities. We report an instance of aborted sudden cardiac arrest in a 7‐year‐old male with a confirmed SOS1 variant and a lack of evidence to support a structural cardiac, metabolic, or infectious etiology. This is the second reported instance of sudden cardiac arrest related to ventricular fibrillation in a child with SOS1‐related NS in the absence of any structural cardiac defects. Although no definitive correlation can be ascertained from a limited existing body of knowledge surrounding SOS1 and ventricular fibrillation unrelated to structural heart defects, it provokes the idea of an arrhythmia phenotype and future research is warranted to guide proper clinical treatment, monitoring, and management of such individuals.
Ruthenium Catalysed Transfer Deuteration of Heteroaromatics in D2O
Authors: Gonzalo‐Navarro Carlos , Ruiz‐Castañeda Margarita , Fidalgo Jairo , Espino Gustavo , Jalón Félix A. , Manzano Blanca R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThere is a growing interest in deuterated derivatives in various fields, including the pharmaceutical industry. In this industry, partially hydrogenated heterocycles are also a target. Combining these two concepts, it was studied the reduction of heterocycles with simultaneous deuterium incorporation by transfer deuteration, a process of introducing two deuterium atoms into an organic molecule using non‐D2 sources, avoiding the use of a gas or harmful reagents. Formic acid/sodium formate and D2O as the sole deuterium source were used under mild conditions. The precatalyst was [RuCl(p‐cym)(dmbpy)]BF4, (p‐cym=p‐cymene, dmbpy=4,4’‐dimethyl‐2,2’‐bipyridine), which is able to generate the “Ru−D” fragment from D+ by a polarity inversion process (“umpolung”). A wide range of heterocycles were tested. Selective reduction in the nitrogen‐containing ring with deuterium incorporation into the same ring was achieved. The experiments were carried out in a biphasic D2O/toluene medium, which allowed excellent catalyst recycling with a simple work‐up. Through detailed studies for 3‐methylquinoline using DCOOD/DCOONa, the reaction mechanism that involves D+ incorporation at the nitrogen atom and an initial 1,2‐type addition was elucidated. In single‐phase D2O experiments, a distinct selectivity with deuterium incorporation in the non‐hydrogenated ring was observed thus enabling to modulate it by the choice of the medium.
Associations of semaglutide with first‐time diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in patients with type 2 diabetes: Target trial emulation using nationwide real‐world data in the US
Authors: Wang William , Wang QuangQiu , Qi Xin , Gurney Mark , Perry George , Volkow Nora D. , Davis Pamela B. , Kaelber David C. , Xu Rong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONEmerging preclinical evidence suggests that semaglutide, a glucagon‐like peptide receptor agonist (GLP‐1RA) for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity, protects against neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. However, real‐world evidence for its ability to protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD) is lacking.METHODSWe conducted emulation target trials based on a nationwide database of electronic health records (EHRs) of 116 million US patients. Seven target trials were emulated among 1,094,761 eligible patients with T2DM who had no prior AD diagnosis by comparing semaglutide with seven other antidiabetic medications. First‐ever diagnosis of AD occurred within a 3‐year follow‐up period and was examined using Cox proportional hazards and Kaplan–Meier survival analyses.RESULTSSemaglutide was associated with significantly reduced risk for first‐time AD diagnosis, most strongly compared with insulin (hazard ratio [HR], 0.33 [95% CI: 0.21 to 0.51]) and most weakly compared with other GLP‐1RAs (HR, 0.59 [95% CI: 0.37 to 0.95]). Similar results were seen across obesity status, gender, and age groups.DISCUSSIONThese findings support further studies to assess semaglutide's potential in preventing AD.Highlights
Semaglutide was associated with 40% to 70% reduced risks of first‐time AD diagnosis in T2DM patients compared to other antidiabetic medications, including other GLP‐1RAs.
Semaglutide was associated with significantly lower AD‐related medication prescriptions.
Similar reductions were seen across obesity status, gender, and age groups.
Our findings provide real‐world evidence supporting the potential clinical benefits of semaglutide in mitigating AD initiation and development in patients with T2DM.
These findings support further clinical trials to assess semaglutide's potential in delaying or preventing AD.