bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Historia y Pedagogía. La Imagen de la Infancia a Través del Método Biográfico
Authors: Urquiola Martha del Carmen 
Published: January 2018

La atención en la primera infancia es y será uno de los temas que más debate ha provocado en el correr del tiempo, en su dimensión de la historia es un hecho parcelario poco profundizado. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo a través de textos literarios reconstruir la historia de la atención infantil Venezolana. Metodológicamente el estudio se inserta en el paradigma cualitativo, lo que permitirá la comprensión de los fenómenos, interpretando el pensamiento de autores y de teorías que le rigen. El proceso se apoyó en una investigación teórica, con una finalidad netamente documental, enfatizada en el diseño bibliográfico-narrativo mediante la aplicación del método hermenéutico y dialéctico. Se empleó sólo medios impresos, se recurrió al arqueo de fuentes bibliográficas, selección de las fuentes más relevantes, validación, lecturas detalladas, localización, fichaje, codificación, interpretación, redacción y construcción teórica, a partir de la categorización y comparación. Surge como resultado necesario, reconstituir el objeto de la infancia, no sólo por la constitución de nuevas respuestas, sino también por el desafío para las nuevas investigaciones en las que deben existir infancias capaces de hablar por sí mismas, de ser protagonistas y narradoras de su propio relato.
Uso de Abonos Orgánicos para el Desarrollo Sustentable de la Escuela Técnica Agronómica Salesiana
Authors: Torres Moreno Ángel Asdrúbal 
Published: January 2018

La Escuela Agronómica Salesiana “San José” es una institución agropecuaria que enseña a sus estudiantes el manejo efectivo de animales y plantas, desafortunadamente en los últimos años ha aumentado el uso de fertilizantes químicos para el manejo de sus cultivos, estos aun cuando aumentan el rendimiento en las cosechas son altamente perjudiciales para con las personas, animales y fundamentalmente el suelo, el presente trabajo plantea básicamente la utilización de abonos orgánicos para lograr así un desarrollo sustentable de la misma, teniendo en cuenta que la escuela es una gran productora de estos residuos naturales. La investigación es de tipo cualitativa y se utiliza el método fenomenológico como vía para acceder a las particularidades del tema de estudio, para ello fue necesario recoger la información a través de 4 unidades de estudio que son profesores de la institución educativa los cuales están directamente implicados con el uso de abonos orgánicos o químicos. En este contexto surge como resultado la necesidad impostergable de maximizar el uso de abonos orgánicos en los suelos de la institución, así como disminuir en lo posible el uso de los químicos.
CO2 FLUX IN INDONESIAN WATER DETERMINED BY SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Ekayanti Ni Wayan , As-syakur Abd. Rahman 
Published: January 2018

The oceans was considered to be a major sink for CO2. The improving of quantitative and qualitative description about the ability of sea in uptaking or emitting CO2 is a great scientific concern in meteorological and climatological science. Measurement of the ability of sea in uptake or emitting CO2 could determined by measuring the CO2 exchange coefficient on sea interface and the measuring the different partial pressure of CO2 between the air and sea. In this study, CO2 flux distribution of Indonesian waters in 2007 to 2009 was computed using monthly CO2 exchange and the different partial pressure of CO2 estimated from wind speed, salinity, SST, and sea characteristic, which were obtained from satellite data. The carbon dioxide flux thus was estimated and discussed by two different designs of transfer velocity (k), of Wanninkhof (1992), kW92 relationship and by Nightingale et al. (2000), kN, relationship. The result indicated that generally, Indonesian water was emitting the CO2 to the air. Average CO2 emitting from sea to the air for recent year in 2007 to 2009 are 3.80 (mol m-2year-1) and 2.85 (mol m-2year-1) with kW92 relationship and kN relationship calculation, respectively. The total average CO2 emission from sea to the air in 2007 to 2009 for the Indonesian waters areas are 0.15 (PgC year-1) and 0.12 (PgC year-1) based on kW92 relationship and kN relationship calculations, respectively.
Keywords: CO2 flux, salinity, SST, sink and sources of CO2.
INDENTIFYING PATTERNS OF SATTELITE IMAGERY USING AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
Authors: Iskandar Iskhaq , Affandi Azhar , Setiabudidaya Dedi , Irfan Muhammad , Mardiansyah Wijaya , Syamsuddin Fadli 
Published: January 2018

An artificial neural network analysis based on the self-organizing map (SOM) was used to examine patterns of satellite imagery. This study used 3 × 4 SOM array to extract patterns of satellite-observed chlorophyll-a (chl-a) along the southern coast of the Lesser Sunda Islands from 1998 to 2006. The analyses indicated two characteristic spatial patterns, namely the northwest and the southeast monsoon patterns. The northwest monsoon pattern was characterized by a low chl-a concentration. In contrast, the southeast monsoon pattern was indicated by a high chl-a distributed along the southern coast of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the seasonal variations of those two patterns were related to the variations of winds and sea surface temperature (SST). The winds were predominantly southeasterly (northwesterly) during southeast (northwest) monsoon, drived offshore (onshore) Ekman transport and produced upwelling (downwelling) along the southern coasts of the Lesser Sunda Islands. Consequently, upwelling reduce dSST and helped replenish the surface water nutrients, thus supporting high chl-a concentration. Finally, this study demonstrated that the SOM method was very useful for the identifications of patterns in various satellite imageries.
UTILIZATION OF MULTI TEMPORAL SAR DATA FOR FOREST MAPPING MODEL DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Trisakti Bambang , Hamzah Rossi 
Published: January 2018

Utilization of optical satellite data in tropical region was limited to free cloud cover. Therefore, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) becomes an alternative solution for forest mapping in Indonesia due to its capability to penetrate cloud. The objective of this research was to develop a forestmapping model based on multi temporal SAR data. Multi temporal ALOS PALSAR data for 2007 and 2008 were used for forest mapping, and one year mosaic LANDSAT data in 2008 was used as references data to obtain training sample and to verify the final forest classification. PALSAR processing was done using gamma naught conversion and Lee filtering. Samples were made in forest and water area, and the statistical values of the each object were calculated. Some thresholds were determined based on the average and standard deviation, and the best threshold was selected to classify forest and water in 2008. It was assumed that forest could not change in 1-2 years period. The classification of forest, water, and the change were combined to produce final forest in 2008, and then it was visually verified with mosaic LANDSAT in 2008. The result showed that forest, water, and the change could be well classified using threshold method. The forest derived from PALSAR was visually consistent with forest appearance in LANDSAT and forest produced from INCAS. It has better performance than forest derived from INCAS for separating oil palm plantation from the forest.
GROWTH RATE AND PRODUCTIVITY DYNAMICS OF ENHALUS ACOROIDES LEAVES AT THE SEAGRASS ECOSYSTEM IN PARI ISLANDS BASED ON IN SITU AND ALOS SATELLITE DATA
Authors: Rustam Agustin , Bengen Dietriech Geoffrey , Arifin Zainal , Gaol Jonson Lumban , Arhatin Risti Endriani 
Published: January 2018

Enhalus acoroides is the largest population of seagrasses in Indonesia. However, growth rate and productivity analyses of Enhalus acoroides and the use of satellite data to estimate its the productivity are still rare. The goal of the research was to analyze the growth rate, productivity rate,seasonal productivity of Enhalus acoroides in Pari island and its surroundings. The study was divided into two phases i.e., in situ measurments and satellite image processing. The field study was conducted to obtain the coverage percentage, density, growth rate, and productivity rate, while the satellite image processing was used to estimate the extent of seagrass. The study was conducted in August 2011 toJuly 2012 to accommodate all four seasons. Results showed that the highest growth rate andproductivity occurred during the transitional season from west Monsoon to the east Monsoon of 5.6cm/day and 15.75 mgC/day, respectively. While, the lowest growth rate and productivity occurred during the transition from east Monsoon to the west Monsoon of 3.93 cm/day and 11.4 mgC/day, respectively. Enhalus acoroides productivity reached its maximum during the west Monsoon at 1081.71 mgC/day/m2 and minimum during east Monsoon with 774.85 mgC/day/m2 . Based on ALOS data in 2008 and 2009, total production of Enhalus acoroides in the proximity of Pari islands reached its maximum occur during the west Monsoon (48.73 – 49.59 Ton C) and minimum during transitional season (16.4-16.69 Ton C). Potential atmospheric CO2 absorption by Enhalus acoroides in Pari island was estimated at the number 60.14 – 181.82 Ton C.
MODIS STANDARD (OC3) CHLOROPHYLL-A ALGORITHM EVALUATION IN INDONESIAN SEAS
Authors: Winarso Gathot , Marini Yennie 
Published: January 2018

The MODIS-estimated chlorophyll-a information was widely used in some operational application in Indonesia. However, there is no information about the performance of MODIS chlorophyll-a in Indonesian seas and there is no data used in development of algorithm was taken in Indonesian seas. Even the algorithm was validated in other area, it is important to know the performance of the algorithm work in Indonesian seas. Performance of MODIS Standard (OC3) algorithm at Indonesian seas was analyzed in this paper. The in-situ chlorophyll-a concentration data was collected during MOMSEI (Monsoon Offset Monitoring and Its Social and Ecosystem Impact) 2012 Cruise 25th April – 12th May 2012 and also from archived data of the Research and Development Center for Marine Coastal Resources, Agency of Marine and Fisheries Research and Development, Indonesian Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries. The in-situ data used in this research is located in Indian Ocean the west of Sumatera part and Pacific Ocean the north of Papua Province part. Satellite data which is used is Ocean Color MODIS Level-2 Product that downloaded from NASA and MODIS L-0 from LAPAN Ground Station. MODIS Level 0 from LAPAN then processed to Level-2 using latest SeaDAS Software. The match-up resulted the MNB(%) is -4.8% that means satellite-estimated was underestimate in 4.8 % and RMSE is 0.058. When the data was separated following to the data source, the correlation and trend line equation became better. From MOMSEI Cruise data, the MNB(%) was -18.8% and RMSE 0.05. From Pacific Ocean Data, MNB (%) was -27 % and RMSE 0.049. From SONNE Cruise 2005, MNB (%) was -27 % and RMSE 0.049. MODIS standard algorithm is work well in Indonesia case-1 seawaters, which contain chlorophyll-a only, and derived that influence to the electromagnetic wave.
DETECTION OF ACID SLUDGE CONTAMINATED AREA BASED ON NORMALIZED DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX (NDVI) VALUE
Authors: Haryani Nanik Suryo , Sulma Sayidah , Pasaribu Junita Monika 
Published: January 2018

The solid form of oil heavy metal waste is known as acid sludge. The aim of this research is to exercise the correlation between acid sludge concentration in soil and NDVI value, and further studying the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) anomaly by multi-temporal Landsat satellite images. The implemented method is NDVI. In this research, NDVI is analyzed using the remote sensing data on dry season and wet season. Between 1997 to 2012, NDVI value in dry season is around – 0.007 (July 2001) to 0.386 (May 1997), meanwhile in wet season NDVI value is around – 0.005 (November 2006) to 0.381 (December 1995). The high NDVI value shows the leaf health or thickness, where the low NDVI indicates the vegetation stress and rareness which can be concluded as the evidence of contamination. The rehabilitation has been executed in the acid sludge contaminated location, where the high value of NDVI indicates the successfull land rehabilitation effort.
SYNERGY APPROACH FOR IMPLEMENTING THE POLICY ON HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGERY TO ACCELERATE BASIC AND THEMATIC GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION
Authors: Martha Sukendra , Poniman Aris , Hartono . 
Published: January 2018

Presidential Order no. 6/2012 mentioned explicitly to use ortho-rectifed image for the purposes of national program done by all Indonesian governmental agencies. Policy of uses, control quality, processing and distribution of high resolution of satellite data are regulated by this Order. There are some advantages of implementing this Order particularly in accelerating the national geospatial data and information, however, without synergy use of high resolution imagery (including integration, coordination and harmonization), in the present condition so far some obstacles have been discovered. Without synergic actions or approaches, the Order will not provide optimal impact as the main objectives to make more efficient in using the national budget. This article describes the needs of synergy approach to implement the Presidential Order no. 6/2012 concerning the uses, distribution of high remotely sensed imageries.
ANALYSIS ON THE QUALITY OF AEROSOL OPTICAL THICKNESS DATA DERIVED FROM NPP VIIRS AND AQUA MODIS OVER WESTERN REGION OF INDONESIA
Authors: Adiningsih Erna Sri , Indrajat Andy , Salyasari Noriandini D. 
Published: January 2018

Preliminary analysis on quality data of Aerosol Optical Thickness/Depth or AOT/AOD derived from NPP VIIRS EDR (Environmental Data Record) has been done in previous work. Qualitative analysis of the previous work revealed that AOT data of VIIRS had insufficient quality due to some factors such as sun glint and cloud cover. However the accuracy of AOT VIIRS data over western area of Indonesia has not been investigated. Therefore this paper describes further analysis on AOT VIIRS data quality and accuracy. Comparison with AOT derived from Aqua MODIS data was implemented since AOT of MODIS has verified well with AOT data from field observation. Examination on cloud masking intermediate product of VIIRS was done for its importance in AOT data processing and persistent cloud cover obstacle over Indonesia. We used VIIRS and MODIS data archieved by LAPAN ground station. Further analysis on sun glint and cloud masking images indicates that these two intermediate products predominantly affect the quality of AOT from VIIRS and MODIS over the study areas. Compared with AOT of MODIS, AOT of VIIRS seems to result more pixels consisting AOT information over the same area and date. The statistical results showed that AOT values of VIIRS highly correlated with AOT values of MODIS with R2 of 78%. The accuracy of AOT derived from VIIRS was adequate as indicated by RMSE of 0.0977 or less than 0.5 for the samples over Sumatra, Borneo, and Java islands. Visual comparison of AOT images indicates that VIIRS data could result more detailed AOT values than MODIS data. Therefore the AOT of VIIRS data could be recommended for further applications in western area of Indonesia.
TECHNIQUE FOR IDENTIFYING BURNED VEGETATION AREA USING LANDSAT 8 DATA
Authors: Trisakti Bambang , Nugroho Udhi Catur , Zubaidah Ani 
Published: January 2018

During the last two decades, forest and land fire is a catastrophic event that happens almost every year in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technic to monitor forest fires using satellite data to obtain the latest information of burned area in a large scale area. The objective of this research is to develop a method for burned area mapping that happened between two Landsat 8 data recording on August 13rd and September 14th 2015. Burned area was defined as a burned area of vegetation. The hotspot distribution during the period August - September 2015 was used to help visual identification of burned area on the Landsat image and to verify the burned area resulted from this research. Samples were taken at several land covers to determine the spectral pattern differences among burned area, bare area and other land covers, and then the analysis was performed to determine the suitable spectral bands or indices and threshold values that will be used in the model. Landsat recorded on August 13rd before the fire was extracted for soil, while Landsat recorded on September 14th after the fire was extracted for burned area. Multi-temporal analysis was done to get the burned area occurring during the certain period. The results showed that the clouds could be separated using combination of ocean blue and cirrus bands, the burned area was extracted using a combination of NIR and SWIR band, while soil was extracted using ratio SWIR / NIR. Burned area obtained in this study had high correlation with the hotspot density of MODIS with the accuracy was around 82,4 %.
Biomarkers of hepato-renal damage of fuel filling station attendants using or abstaining from use of protective gears
Authors: Iyanda Ayobola A , Anetor John I 
Published: January 2018

Different gears (e.g. overall, mask, gloves) are being used for protective purposes by fuel filling station attendants (FFSA) in Nigeria. Whether they can adequately protect susceptible organs like liver and kidney remains largely undetermined. The aim of the study is to compare the biochemical parameters of hepato-renal axis in FFSA that abstained from and that used protective gears in the course of daily duty. Materials and Methods: The study population was grouped into three; GROUP A was made up of ten adult male FFSA who have used the protective measures consistently in the course of dispensing petroleum products. GROUP B was composed of 40 FFSA who did not use protective gears. GROUP C was the control group made up of thirty male adults not exposed to petroleum products. The minimum period of exposure for FFSA recruited for the study was 5 years. Information on worker safety was obtained through administered questionnaire concerning the use of self-protective equipment as a routine safety protocol for personal protection. Serum was utilized to assess biochemical indices of hepato-renal functions. Statistical differences were determined using Student’s t test and analysis of variance. p< 0.05 was considered significant.Results: Both GROUP A and GROUP B showed activities or levels of ALP, AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, albumin, and total protein that were significantly different compared with control (GROUP C), suggestive of hepatic damage.Conclusion: Data obtained from this study suggest that the three available protective gears used by FFSA in GROUP B did not significantly reduce exposure.
Boost Up Quality Assurance through Regular Evaluation of Proficiency Testing Performance
Authors: Bhatt Rajendra Dev , Tamrakar Dipesh , Maharjan Bishal , Dual Rajendra , Shrestha Raj Kumar , Koju Surndra , Risal Prabodh 
Published: January 2018

Background: Participation in External Quality Assessment (EQA) program with practice of Internal Quality Control (IQC) is the excellent indicator of good laboratory practice (GLP) to assure quality services. EQA is an essential component of Quality Assurance to assess the analytical performance compared within same methods of other laboratories. It is also important to detect equipments failure, identifying reagent problems, reviewing staff training as well as to initiate and evaluate corrective action timely.Methods: This is descriptive analysis of the feedback received from EQAS body for twenty routine biochemical parameters which are most commonly performed in the Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of Dhulikhel Hospital. Variation Index Score (VIS), Overall Mean VIS (OMVIS) and Standard Deviation Index (SDI) of all parameters for the year 2014 and 2015 were analyzed statistically.Results: On the analysis of twenty routine biochemical parameters regularly participated in EQAS, over all mean variation index score (OMVIS) of individual tests found 55%, 30% and 15% under good, very good and satisfactory category respectively.Conclusion: Participation and periodic evaluation of EQAS indicators along with practice of internal quality control has been galvanizing good laboratory practice and scientifically it boost up quality service in clinical laboratories.
Association between Alcohol Consumption and Smoking Habit in the General Population of Rural Nepalese Community
Authors: Khanal Kishor , Chataut Jagadish 
Published: January 2018

Background: Various studies have shown that alcohol consumption and smoking habits are complementary and associated behavior for each other, and these behaviours are influenced by socio-cultural and socio-demographic factors.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted on 2013 among 648 general people of rural community of Ramechap district, Nepal. Questionnaires were used to collect information on age, gender, smoking habit, alcohol consumption habit and occupation. Frequency, percentage as well as mean and standard deviation (SD) were calculated as descriptive statistics. To measure the association between alcohol consumption and explanatory variables ( i.e. sex, smoking habit and occupation), we used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to calculate unadjusted odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios(aORs) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI).Results: Alcohol consumption was found to be associated with different explanatory variables as follows : smoking habit (Yes: aOR =3.90, 95%CI = 2.58, 5.92), sex (Male: aOR = 3.64, 95%CI = 2.27, 5.82), occupation (house wife: aOR = 0.79, 95%CI =0.44, 1.43; teacher: aOR = 1.88, 95%CI = 0.68, 5.24; government service: aOR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.11, 3.59; and others: aOR = 0.61, 95%CI = 0.25, 1.47).Conclusions: Our findings showed an association between alcohol consumption and smoking habit among the population under study.
Issues in the National Supply Policy of Nepal
Authors: Panta Laxmi 
Published: January 2018

Rationality of public policy analysis emerges due to the need of understanding the nature of policies and their elements towards solving societal problems. National supply policy is formulated and implemented for the regular supply of necessary goods and services in the country. Effective implementation of the policy depends on its structure as well as on the external factors from the prevailing situation in the country. In the present article an attempt has been made to highlight the basic features of the current national supply policy of Nepal and discuss the issues related with its effective implementation. Despite several elements proposed in the policy only few have the result oriented features. Many of the elements are ambitious as well as vague. Imperfection in policy implementation witnessed during the suddenly arrived difficulties as well as at the normal time. From the discussion it has been concluded that the policy has weaknesses in its structure, basically in maintenance of hierarchy of objectives and has been facing several unsolved practical issues. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23&24 No. 1-2, (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 123-136