bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deferring Routine Wrist Radiography Does Not Affect Management of de Quervain Tendinopathy Patients
Authors: Liu Tiffany , Wu Chia , Steinberg David , Bozentka David , Levin L. , Gray Benjamin , Kazmers Nikolas 
Published: August 2017

Background Obtaining wrist radiographs prior to surgeon evaluation may be wasteful for patients ultimately diagnosed with de Quervain tendinopathy (DQT).
Questions/Purpose Our primary question was whether radiographs directly influence treatment of patients presenting with DQT. A secondary question was whether radiographs influence the frequency of injection and surgical release between cohorts with and without radiographs evaluated within the same practice.
Patients and Methods Patients diagnosed with DQT by fellowship-trained hand surgeons at an urban academic medical center were identified retrospectively. Basic demographics and radiographic findings were tabulated. Clinical records were studied to determine whether radiographic findings corroborated history or physical examination findings, and whether management was directly influenced by radiographic findings. Frequencies of treatment with injection and surgery were separately tabulated and compared between cohorts with and without radiographs.
Results We included 181 patients (189 wrists), with no differences in demographics between the 58% (110 wrists) with and 42% (79 wrists) without radiographs. Fifty (45%) of imaged wrists demonstrated one or more abnormalities; however, even for the 13 (12%) with corroborating history and physical examination findings, wrist radiography did not directly influence a change in management for any patient in this series. No difference was observed in rates of injection or surgical release either upon initial presentation, or at most recent documented follow-up, between those with and without radiographs. No differences in frequency, types, or total number of additional simultaneous surgical procedures were observed for those treated surgically.
Conclusion Wrist radiography does not influence management of patients presenting DQT.
Level of Evidence This is a level III, diagnostic study.
Clinical Sign for Missed Decompression of a Separate Extensor Pollicis Brevis Compartment in de Quervain’s
Disease
Authors: Benatar Niels 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPersistent pain despite previous surgery for de Quervain’s disease might be due to an overlooked septum between the abductor pollicis longus
tendon slips and the extensor pollicis brevis tendon, or an overlooked completely separate compartment for the extensor pollicis brevis
tendon alone. In both of these instances, extension of the MP joint of the thumb against resistance elicits pain at the distal level of the
first extensor compartment of the wrist. When this sign is positive, revisional surgery and decompression of the remaining septum or
separate compartment is indicated.
Vollständigkeit und Plausibilität von Operationsberichten: Eine retrospektive Analyse der Dokumentationsqualität am
Beispiel des Morbus Dupuytren
Authors: Russe Elisabeth , Wenger Andrea , Wechselberger Gottfried , Piza-Katzer Hildegunde 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Der Operationsbericht ist die Aufzeichnung des Chirurgen über die von ihm durchgeführte Operation. Ziel dieser Arbeit war
OP-Berichte am Beispiel des Morbus Dupuytren auf Vollständigkeit sowie Richtigkeit zu überprüfen.
Material und Methoden In einer retrospektiven Analyse wurden OP-Berichte einer Erstoperation eines Morbus Dupuytren an einer
akademischen Abteilung für Plastische-, Ästhetische- und Rekonstruktive Chirurgie von 1999 bis 2007 erfasst und auf ihre Vollständigkeit
überprüft. Hierzu wurden die Angaben zur Indikation, zum Fingerbefall sowie der Seite und Ausprägung der Kontraktur, zur Blutleere,
Operationsmethode und Schnittführung analysiert. OP-Berichte von Assistenz- und Fachärzten wurden auf ihre Vollständigkeit und die Exaktheit
der OP-Berichte über totale Fasziektomien anhand der intra- oder postoperativen Fotodokumentation miteinander verglichen.
Ergebnisse Es wurden 424 OP-Berichte von 366 Patienten erfasst, 275 erstellt von Fach-, 149 von Assistenzärzten. Insgesamt waren
49,5 % der OP-Berichte lückenlos, in 13 Fällen fehlte die Seiten- und 8 Mal die Fingerangabe. Die Indikation wurde in 53 Fällen nicht
dokumentiert, 5 Mal fehlte die Angabe zur Operationsmethode und 82 Mal zur Schnittführung. In 29 OP-Berichten fehlte die Angabe zur
Blutleere. In der Analyse der Dokumentationsqualität von Assistenz- zu Fachärzten zeigte sich eine statistisch signifikant bessere
Dokumentation für die Indikation, der Ausprägung der Dupuytrenʼschen Kontraktur sowie der Verwendung einer Blutleere zugunsten der
Assistenzärzte (p < 0,000). Zur Exaktheit der Operationsberichte konnte anhand intra- oder postoperativer Fotodokumentation in 26 Fällen
gezeigt werden, dass aufgrund der Schnittführung lediglich in 11 (42 %) dieser Eingriffe eine totale Fasziektomie erfolgt sein konnte.
Schlussfolgerung OP-Berichte sind häufig unvollständig und ungenau, unabhängig ob sie von Assistenz- oder Fachärzten erstellt wurden,
wobei mit zunehmender Erfahrung mehr auf operationstechnische Details Wert gelegt wird. Auch wenn OP-Berichte primär für Ärzte und nicht für
forensische Zwecke bestimmt sind, sollte es jedoch im eigenen Interesse des Operateurs liegen, Operationsberichte möglichst vollständig und
exakt zu erstellen. Da es bisher keine verbindliche Einigung gibt, was obligatorisch in einem Operationsbericht dokumentiert werden soll,
empfehlen wir die Erarbeitung einer gemeinsamen Leitlinie durch die verschiedenen chirurgischen Fachgesellschaften.
Prophylaktische Plexuskatheterbehandlung bei operativen Eingriffen nach Komplexem Regionalen Schmerzsyndrom
(CRPS)
Authors: Neubrech Florian , Pronk Roderick Franciscus , Bigdeli Amir Khosrow , Tapking Christian , Kneser Ulrich , Harhaus Leila 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die vorliegende Arbeit soll die Wirkung der perioperativen Plexuskatheterbehandlung bei ehemaligen CRPS-Patienten
untersuchen und diskutieren.
Patienten und Methoden Durchgeführt wurde eine retrospektive Analyse gepaarter Gruppen von je 10 CRPS-Patienten mit vergleichbaren
Ausgangsverletzungen, welche nach Diagnosestellung eine Folgeoperation im erkrankungsfreien Intervall erfuhren – in 10 Fällen unter
Plexuskatheterschutz (Interventionsgruppe), in 10 Fällen ohne Plexuskatheterschutz (Kontrollgruppe).
Ergebnisse In der Interventionsgruppe betrug das durchschnittliche Schmerzniveau 105 (20–184) Tage nach der letzten Operation 6,4
(4–8) auf der visuellen Analogskala (VAS; 0 bis 10), der durchschnittliche Fingerkuppenhohlhandabstand 3,2 (0–7,6) cm, der Bewegungsumfang
des Handgelenkes 47,5 (0–95) ° und die Griffkraft 9,2 (2,1–16,6) kg. In der Kontrollgruppe betrug das durchschnittliche Schmerzniveau 129
(19–410) Tage nach der letzten Operation 6 (3–10) auf der visuellen Analogskala, der durchschnittliche Fingerkuppenhohlhandabstand 2,7
(0–4,5) cm, der Bewegungsumfang des Handgelenkes 64 (0–125) °, die Griffkraft 12,4 (0,8–23,8) kg. Ein signifikanter Unterschied zwischen den
Gruppen zeigte sich nicht. Ein Rezidiv des CRPS nach der Operation wurde in beiden Gruppen nicht beobachtet.
Schlussfolgerung Eine perioperative Plexuskatheterbehandlung nach stattgehabter CRPS-Erkrankung zur Prophylaxe eines CRPS-Rezidives
kann durch die aktuelle Datenlage derzeit nicht begründet werden.
Funktionelle Ergebnisse nach Hochdruckeinspritzverletzungen der Hand
Authors: Neubrech Florian , Radu Christian A. , Pauli David , Bickert Berthold , Kneser Ulrich , Harhaus Leila 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Hochdruckeinspritzverletzungen der Hand sind schwere Verletzungen, die häufig zu einem Verlust des primär betroffenen
Fingers führen. Bisherige Arbeiten fokussieren sich hauptsächlich auf Amputationsraten, während funktionelle Ergebnisse nach dieser
Verletzungsentität bislang wenig untersucht wurden.
Patienten und Methoden Zwischen den Jahren 1998 und 2016 sind in unserer Klinik 47 Fälle einer Hochdruckeinspritzverletzung der Hand
registriert worden. Hiervon konnten die Daten von 26 Patienten, alles Männer mit einem Altersdurchschnitt von 42 (18–62) Jahren, nach
durchschnittlich 4 (1–12) Jahren retrospektiv untersucht werden. Erfasst wurden DASH-Score, das Schmerzniveau auf einer Visuellen
Analogskala (VAS, 1–10), die Fingerbeweglichkeit als durchschnittlicher Fingerkuppenhohlhandabstand (FKHA), der Bewegungsumfang der
Handgelenke, die Griffkraft und die 2-Punktdiskriminierungsfähigkeit (2PD). Die statistische Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv und mittels
Korrelationsanalyse.
Ergebnisse Der DASH-Score betrug bei diesen 26 Patienten durchschnittlich 45 (30–93), das Dauerschmerzniveau 2,5 (0–9) auf der VAS,
der FKHA 1 (0–4)cm, die Handgelenksbeweglichkeit 99 (77–122) % der Gegenseite. Die Griffkraft war im Durchschnitt auf 67 (0–164) % der
Gegenseite reduziert. Die 2PD betrug im Durchschnitt 9 (2–25) mm. Arbeitsfähigkeit ließ sich bei 19 von 26 Patienten erzielen. Bei 7 von 26
Patienten musste eine Amputation eines Fingers vorgenommen werden. Diese Patienten hatten mehr Schmerzen und weniger Kraft. Eine lange
Latenz bis zur operativen Versorgung verschlechterte das funktionelle Ergebnis, für den DASH war dies statistisch signifikant (p < 0,05).
Eine distale Verletzungshöhe und eine Injektion toxischer Substanzen verschlechterten das funktionelle Ergebnis tendenziell. Ein hoher
Injektionsdruck bei der Verletzung hatte dagegen keine negativen Auswirkungen.
Schlussfolgerung Hochdruckeinspritzverletzungen hinterlassen sowohl bei Patienten mit Fingererhalt als auch mit
Amputationsnotwendigkeit schwere Funktionsdefizite der Hand und oft chronische Schmerzen. Zur weiteren Untersuchung von Prognosefaktoren
werden Metaanalysen auch funktioneller Parameter benötigt. Der DASH-Score scheint ein sinnvolles Evaluationsinstrument für die
Verletzungsentität zu sein.
Evaluation of Two Different Stocking Rates of Small Walleye Fingerlings in Minnesota Lakes
Authors: Reed Jeffrey R. , Staples David F. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We compared the performance of two differing stocking densities of small (mean TL = 72 mm) fingerling Walleyes Sander vitreus in 19 Minnesota lakes. Fingerlings were stocked annually from 2008 to 2011 in June at densities of either 30 (low) or 60 (high) per littoral hectare. Although gill nets yielded low sample sizes, we found no significant difference between gill-net catch rates at age 3 between treatments or years. On average, small Walleye fingerlings contributed 15% (0–72%) to the overall gill-net catches in stocked lakes. In lakes where small fingerlings have had a record of success, we recommend managers stocking this life stage use the lower treatment density (30/littoral hectare) and consider it a maximum rate when seeking stocking efficiencies. Due to low sample sizes, we also recommend following stocking events more closely with other sampling methods, such as fall electrofishing.
Received April 26, 2017; accepted August 2, 2017Published online October 20, 2017
Detection of Nanophyetus salmincola in Water, Snails, and Fish Tissues by Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: Purcell Maureen K. , Powers Rachel L. , Besijn Bonnie L. , Hershberger Paul K. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We report the development and validation of two quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays to detect Nanophyetus salmincola DNA in water samples and in fish and snail tissues. Analytical and diagnostic validation demonstrated good sensitivity, specificity, and repeatability of both qPCR assays. The N. salmincola DNA copy number in kidney tissue was significantly correlated with metacercaria counts based on microscopy. Extraction methods were optimized for the sensitive qPCR detection of N. salmincola DNA in settled water samples. Artificially spiked samples suggested that the 1-cercaria/L threshold corresponded to an estimated log10 copies per liter ≥ 6.0. Significant correlation of DNA copy number per liter and microscopic counts indicated that the estimated qPCR copy number was a good predictor of the number of waterborne cercariae. However, the detection of real-world samples below the estimated 1-cercaria/L threshold suggests that the assays may also detect other N. salmincola life stages, nonintact cercariae, or free DNA that settles with the debris. In summary, the qPCR assays reported here are suitable for identifying and quantifying all life stages of N. salmincola that occur in fish tissues, snail tissues, and water.
Received April 13, 2017; accepted August 6, 2017 Published online September 22, 2017
Effects of Alginate-Derived Oligosaccharides on Immune Ability of Farm-Cultured Shrimp Penaeus vannamei and Its Resistance to Vibrio harveyi
Authors: Jiang Yanhua , Jiang Xiaolu , Wang Peng , Hu Xiaoke 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This study was designed to examine the immunoregulatory effects of alginate-derived oligosaccharides (ADOs) on farm-cultured Pacific white shrimp Penaeus vannamei and its resistance to Vibrio harveyi. Total hemocyte count, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, bacteriolytic activity, phagocytic rate (PR), the average number of beads ingested per cell (ABPC), and the protective efficacy for P. vannamei challenged with Vibrio harveyi were determined. The study showed that the administration of ADOs at 1.0 g/kg of diet improved SOD activity, bacteriolytic activity, and PR by 25.2, 20.4, and 20.9%, respectively, 30 d after exposure. Total hemocyte count and ABPC showed no significant differences. The 96-h survival of the shrimp reached 46.7% and 90.0% when they were challenged with V. harveyi at concentrations of 1 × 107 and 1 × 106 cfu/shrimp, which was significantly higher than that in the control group. The results obtained indicate that ADOs can act as an immunoregulant for P. vannamei.
Numerical modelling of steel tubes under oblique crushing forces
Authors: Ismail A.E , Abdul Rahman M.Q , Nezere N. , Jamian S. , Kamarudin K.A , Awang M.K , Mohd Nor M.K , Ibrahim M.N , Rasidi Ibrahim M. , Zulafif Rahim M. , Hassan Mohd Fahrul , Muhd Nor Nik Hisyamudin , Arifin A.M.T , Yunos Muhamad Zaini 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the numerical assessment of crushing responses of elliptical tubes under crushing forces. Based on the literature survey, tremendous amount of works on the axial crushing behaviour can be found. However, the studies on the oblique crushing responses are rarely found. Therefore, this work investigates numerically the elliptical tubes under compressions. The numerical model of the tubes are developed using ANSYS finite element program. Two important parameters are used such as elliptical ratios and oblique angles. The tubes are compressed quasi-statically and the force-displacement curves are extracted. Then, the area under the curves are calculated and it is represented the performances of energy absorptions. It is found numerically that the introductions of oblique angles during the crushing processes decrease the crushing performances. However, the elliptical-shaped tubes capable to enhance the energy absorption capabilities. On the other hand, the elliptical-shaped tubes produced the enhancement on the energy absorption capabilities.
Reaching for the quantum limits in the simultaneous estimation of phase and phase diffusion
Authors: Szczykulska Magdalena , Baumgratz Tillmann , Datta Animesh 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPhase diffusion invariably accompanies all phase estimation strategies, quantum or classical. A precise estimation of the former can often provide valuable understanding of the physics of the phase generating phenomena itself. We theoretically examine the performance of fixed-particle number probe states in the simultaneous estimation of phase and collective phase diffusion. We derive analytical quantum limits associated with the simultaneous local estimation of phase and phase diffusion within the quantum Cramér-Rao bound framework in the regimes of large and small phase diffusive noise. The former is for a general fixed-particle number state and the latter for Holland-Burnett states, for which we show quantum-enhanced estimation of phase as well as phase diffusion. We next investigate the simultaneous attainability of these quantum limits using projective measurements acting on a single copy of the state in terms of a trade-off relation. In particular, we are interested how this trade-off varies as a function of the dimension of the state. We derive an analytical bound for this trade-off in the large phase diffusion regime for a particular form of the measurement, and show that the maximum of2,set by the quantum Cramér-Rao bound, is attainable. Further, we show numerical evidence that as diffusion approaches zero, the optimal trade-off relation approaches 1 for Holland-Burnett states. These numerical results are valid in the small particle number regime and suggest that the trade-off for estimating one parameter with quantum-limited precision leads to a complete lack of precision for the other parameter as the diffusion strength approaches zero. Finally, we provide numerical results showing behaviour of the trade-off for a general value of phase diffusion when using Holland-Burnett probe states.
Rapid Establishment of a Cold Chain Capacity of –60°C or Colder for the STRIVE Ebola Vaccine Trial During the Ebola Outbreak in Sierra Leone
Authors: Jusu Morrison O , Glauser Geoffrey , Seward Jane F , Bawoh Mohamed , Tempel Judith , Friend Michael , Littlefield Daniel , Lahai Michael , Jalloh Hassan M , Sesay Amara Bangali , Caulker Amanda F , Samai Mohamed , Thomas Vasavi , Farrell Nicholas , Widdowson Marc-Alain 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In response to the 2014‒2015 Ebola virus disease (Ebola) epidemic in West Africa, researchers accelerated the development of Ebola vaccines. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, in collaboration with local partners, sponsored a phase 2/3 trial in Sierra Leone of a single dose (2 × 107 plaque-forming units/mL) of a candidate replication-competent recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus–Zaire Ebola virus envelope glycoprotein vaccine (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP). Because of its early development status and limited, critical stability data, the vaccine had to be stored at –60°C or colder. Planning for the trial began in late 2014 on an accelerated timeline with significant challenges, including the lack of –60°C or colder vaccine storage, handling, and transport capability in a country with high year-round ambient temperatures. The supply chain needs for vaccine handling from storage through transport, up to the time of administration, were carefully evaluated, and then the supply chain was designed. Critical equipment that was procured, shipped, installed, and qualified to meet an aggressive timeline for launching the trial included ultracold freezers, custom-developed Arktek DF containers for storage at –60°C or colder, insulated containers for storage at 2°C–8°C, and multiple backup power sources at vaccine storage sites. Local personnel were trained in good clinical practices and trial documentation. During 9 April–12 December 2015, the trial staff vaccinated approximately 8000 participants. Five temperature excursions occurred, but the vaccine manufacturer assessed that vaccine quality was not impaired because of improper storage or transport temperatures. Both the infrastructure and the human capacity developed for the cold chain during the trial will continue to be useful as the country maintains preparedness for ring vaccination responses and future clinical research.

Clinical Trials Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov [NCT02378753] and Pan African Clinical Trials Registry [PACTR201502001037220].
Evidence for a radiatively driven disc-wind in PDS 456?
Authors: Matzeu G. A. , Reeves J. N. , Braito V. , Nardini E. , McLaughlin D. E. , Lobban A. P. , Tombesi F. , Costa M. T. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present a newly discovered correlation between the wind outflow velocity and the X-ray luminosity in the luminous (Lbol ∼ 1047erg s − 1) nearby (z = 0.184) quasar PDS 456. All the contemporary XMM–Newton, NuSTAR and Suzaku observations from 2001–2014 were revisited and we find that the centroid energy of the blueshifted Fe K absorption profile increases with luminosity. This translates into a correlation between the wind outflow velocity and the hard X-ray luminosity (between 7 and 30 keV) where we find that $v_{\rm w}/c\propto L_{7-30}^{\gamma }$ where γ = 0.22 ± 0.04. We also show that this is consistent with a wind that is predominately radiatively driven, possibly resulting from the high Eddington ratio of PDS 456.
Clinic-Based Urinary Lipoarabinomannan as a Biomarker of Clinical Disease Severity and Mortality Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Naive Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adults in South Africa
Authors: Drain Paul K. , Losina Elena , Coleman Sharon M , Giddy Janet , Ross Douglas , Katz Jeffrey N , Freedberg Kenneth A , Bassett Ingrid V 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Urinary lipoarabinomannan (LAM) has limited sensitivity for diagnosing active human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis (TB) disease, but LAM screening at HIV diagnosis might identify adults with more severe clinical disease or greater risk of mortality.

Methods
We enrolled antiretroviral therapy-naive HIV-infected adults from 4 clinics in Durban. Nurses performed urine LAM testing using a rapid assay (Determine TB LAM) graded from low (1+) to high (≥3+) intensity. Urine LAM results were not used to guide anti-TB therapy. We assessed TB-related symptoms and obtained sputum for mycobacterial smear and culture. Participants were observed for 12 months, and we used multivariable Cox proportional hazard models to determine hazard ratios for all-cause mortality.

Results
Among 726 HIV-infected adults with median CD4 of 205 cells/mm3 (interquartile range, 79–350 cells/mm3), 93 (13%) were LAM positive and 89 (12%) participants died during the follow-up period. In multivariable analyses, urine LAM-positive participants had a mortality hazard ratio (MHR) of 3.58 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20–5.81) for all-cause mortality. Among participants with mycobacterial-confirmed TB, urine LAM-positivity had a 2.91 (95% CI, 1.26–6.73) MHR for all participants and a 4.55 (95% CI, 1.71–12.1) MHR for participants with CD4 ≤100 cell/mm3. Participants with LAM-positive TB had significantly more clinical signs and symptoms of disease, compared with participants with LAM-negative TB disease.

Conclusions
Among HIV-infected adults, urinary LAM-positive patients had more clinical disease severity and a 3-fold increase in 12-month mortality compared with those who were LAM negative.
Ergativity and Differential Case Marking
Authors: Malchukov Andrej L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe present chapter discusses patterns of differential case marking in ergative languages, focusing on differential subject marking, which is more prominent in ergative languages (in contrast to accusative languages, where differential object marking is more prominent). It is argued that patterns of (differential) case marking can be accounted two general constraints related to (role)-indexing, on the one hand, and distinguishability (or markedness) on the other hand. This approach correctly predicts asymmetries between differential object marking (DOM) and differential subject marking (DSM) with regard to animacy, definiteness, as well as discourse features. I also show how this approach can be extended to capture a relation between case and voice alternation, as well as briefly outline diachronic scenarios leading to different types of differential case marking in ergative and split intransitive languages.