bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rayleigh phase velocities in Southern California from beamforming short-duration ambient noise
Authors: Roux Philippe , Ben-Zion Yehuda 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBeamforming of ambient noise recorded by regional arrays of seismometers is presented as an alternative imaging approach to cross-correlations between pairs of sensors. The method is used to obtain phase velocities and propagation directions of Rayleigh surface waves around the first and second microseism peaks in southern California. The derived velocity maps and propagation directions correlate with major geological structures and changes of the coastal shape in the region. The results are consistent with and complementary to those obtained using cross-correlations of long-duration data between pairs of sensors. Significant advantages of the presented high-resolution adaptive beamforming method over point-to-point noise cross-correlations are the short time interval of required data (hours to days compared to a year) and robust performance with directive (rather than omnidirectional) noise propagation. Given the recent trend toward dense and large seismic arrays at various scales, the combination of beamforming and noise-correlation processing may provide an optimal strategy for performing noise-based tomography.
The MIMIC Code Repository: enabling reproducibility in critical care research
Authors: Johnson Alistair E W , Stone David J , Celi Leo A , Pollard Tom J 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Objective
Lack of reproducibility in medical studies is a barrier to the generation of a robust knowledge base to support clinical decision-making. In this paper we outline the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC) Code Repository, a centralized code base for generating reproducible studies on an openly available critical care dataset.

Materials and Methods
Code is provided to load the data into a relational structure, create extractions of the data, and reproduce entire analysis plans including research studies.

Results
Concepts extracted include severity of illness scores, comorbid status, administrative definitions of sepsis, physiologic criteria for sepsis, organ failure scores, treatment administration, and more. Executable documents are used for tutorials and reproduce published studies end-to-end, providing a template for future researchers to replicate. The repository’s issue tracker enables community discussion about the data and concepts, allowing users to collaboratively improve the resource.

Discussion
The centralized repository provides a platform for users of the data to interact directly with the data generators, facilitating greater understanding of the data. It also provides a location for the community to collaborate on necessary concepts for research progress and share them with a larger audience. Consistent application of the same code for underlying concepts is a key step in ensuring that research studies on the MIMIC database are comparable and reproducible.

Conclusion
By providing open source code alongside the freely accessible MIMIC-III database, we enable end-to-end reproducible analysis of electronic health records.
Dizang (Jizō, Ksitigarbha)
Authors: Glassman Hank 
Published: July 2017

The name Kṣitigarbha is attested as one member of a group of “eight great bodhisattvas” in the iconography of Indian Buddhism by the 8th century ce, and it appears in Śāntideva’s Bodhisattvacharyāvatāra around the same time. Indeed, this grouping of eight continues down to the present within Tibetan traditions. However, the Buddhist deity under discussion in this article is most accurately understood as a novel creation of Buddhists in China, and thus will be referred to primarily as Dizang (Ti-tsang) 地蔵 in this article. Dizang in China and Central Asia predates these Indian references by at least two centuries. (On this point see Appendix 2, pp. 229–239, in Zhiru 2007, under China; for a different view on the origins of the Dizang Cult in China, see Wang 1998, also under China). While the Indian and Tibetan Kṣitigarbha is invariably found together with the remaining seven, and in appearance resembles other celestial bodhisattvas, Dizang’s iconography in China and subsequent East Asian contexts, where he appears in the guise of a monk, diverges greatly from this model (see Iconography). In East Asia, Dizang is very much tied to the dead and to passage through the underworld. Closely associated with the Ten Kings who preside over the judgment of the deceased, he is portrayed as psychopomp (soul-guide) and as savior from the infernal regions. While Dizang has been very popular in the East Asian countries of China, Korea, Vietnam, and Japan, the character of his cult has varied widely in each region. Since Dizang has been such a prominent deity, images of him and stories about him appear in a great many texts and source collections. Here, in the interests of concision and usability, citations are limited to those that take Dizang as their main topic. Also, while there is a separate heading here for iconography, many of the studies listed in other sections (e.g., Wang 1998 and Zhiru 2007, under China; Glassman 2012, under Japan) rely heavily on visual evidence and iconographical analysis. This bibliography includes only secondary sources.
The Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire: Responsiveness and Minimal Important Change in Women With Pregnancy-Related Pelvic Girdle Pain, Low Back Pain, or Both
Authors: Stuge Britt , Jenssen Hanne Krogstad , Grotle Margreth 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe Pelvic Girdle Questionnaire (PGQ) is a condition-specific measure for women with pelvic girdle pain (PGP). The PGQ includes items relating to activity/participation and bodily symptoms and has reliability, validity, and feasibility for use in research and clinical practice.ObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to examine the responsiveness of the PGQ, to determine the minimal important change (MIC) for the PGQ, and to compare the PGQ with other outcome measures.DesignThis study used a prospective cohort design.MethodsA total of 801 women responded to a booklet of questionnaires in the last trimester of their pregnancy and within 3 months post partum. Responsiveness analyses followed recommendations from the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) checklist. The responsiveness of the PGQ was tested by examining correlations between the change scores of the total PGQ and the other patient-reported outcome measures.ResultsA total of 606 women (76%) reported PGP, low back pain, or both. Of these women, 441 (73%) responded to the follow-up questionnaire post partum. The PGQ (both subscale and total scores) discriminated most accurately between participants who improved and those who did not improve, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve of 72%. The MIC values indicated that a change score smaller than 25 for the total score and activity subscale score and a change score of 20 for the symptom subscale score should be regarded as insignificant. Baseline PGQ scores had a large impact on the MIC estimates for the absolute change scores but not on the relative percentage change scores. Five of 6 hypotheses were supported (83%).LimitationsThe type of anchor and definition of important change used might be weaknesses in women whose status is changing from pregnant to post partum.ConclusionsThe PGQ showed acceptable responsiveness in women with PGP, low back pain, or both.
Evaluation of Prognostic Factors and Proposed Changes to the Modified Tokuhashi Score in Patients With Spinal Metastases From Breast Cancer
Authors: Tan Kimberly-Anne , Tan Jiong Hao , Zaw Aye Sandar , Tan Joel Yong Hao , Hey Hwee Weng Dennis , Kumar Naresh 
Published: July 2017

Study Design.
A retrospective study of all patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer spinal metastases presenting to a single institution between May 2001 and April 2012.

Objectives.
The aim of this study was to investigate whether the 2014mT is more accurate than the 2005mT.

Summary of Background Data.
The commonly used 2005 modified Tokuhashi score (2005mT) has become more inaccurate as oncologists move toward treating tumors according to their molecular and genomic profile, rather than their tissue-of-origin. In attempts to improve the accuracy of the 2005mT, a revised score (2014mT) was published, suggesting that hormone receptor negative and triple-negative breast cancer patients be given a modified Tokuhashi histological score of 3 rather than 5.

Methods.
Demographic characteristics, tumor receptor status, clinical findings in relation to the primary tumor and its metastases, and actual survival time were collated. The 2005mT was compared with the 2014mT. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to evaluate the influence of each parameter on survival, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to determine predictive values of each score version.

Results.
Of the 185 patients included, 32 underwent operative treatment, while 153 were managed nonoperatively for their spinal metastases. The overall cohort had a median survival time of 24 months following the diagnosis of spinal metastases, with a 6-month survival rate of 90%. Hormone, HER2 and triple-negative receptor statuses were significant predictors of poorer survival upon multivariate analysis (P = 0.004, P = 0.007, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively). Age, the original Tokuhashi score components, previous breast surgery for cancer, previous radiotherapy to the breast, previous radiotherapy to the spine, previous chemotherapy, and previous immunotherapy were not significant. At 6 months, the 2005mT AUROC was 0.62, while that of the 2014mT was 0.64 (P = 0.5394).

Conclusion.
Tumor histological subtype is crucial when prognosticating the survival of patients with breast cancer spinal metastases. Although the 2014mT was marginally more accurate than the 2005mT, its predictive ability remains poor.

Level of Evidence: 3
Effect of Donor and Recipient Diabetes Status on Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Adherence and Survival
Authors: Price Marianne O. , Lisek Marek , Feng Matthew T. , Price Francis W. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To evaluate whether donor and/or recipient diabetes status affects the outcomes of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods:
A consecutive, single-center DMEK case series was reviewed. The outcome measures were success of surgeon tissue preparation, air reinjection rate, Kaplan–Meier 4-year graft replacement/failure rate for any reason, and endothelial cell loss.

Results:
The donor had a history of diabetes in 504 of 1791 cases (28%) and the recipient in 14%. For donors without and with diabetes, the preparation success rate was 99% versus 95% (P < 0.0001), the air reinjection rate was 16% versus 18% (P = 0.19), and the 4-year graft replacement/failure rate was 7% versus 9%, respectively (P = 0.15). Endothelial cell loss was not associated with donor diabetes (P = 0.76). For recipients without and with diabetes, the 4-year graft replacement/failure rate was 7% versus 9% (P = 0.68), and median endothelial cell loss increased from 27% versus 29% at 1 month to 42% versus 48% at 4 years, respectively (P = 0.02). Recipient use of insulin therapy was associated with poorer graft attachment and a higher air reinjection rate (P = 0.0023).

Conclusions:
Although donor diabetes was associated with a 5-fold increased risk of tissue preparation failure, it was not significantly associated with air reinjection, graft survival, or endothelial cell loss. This provides reassurance that tissue prepared successfully from donors with diabetes is safe to use for DMEK. Recipient diabetes was associated with increased endothelial cell loss; the potential effect on longer-term graft survival merits further study.
Role of Scleral Contact Lenses in Management of Coexisting Keratoconus and Stevens–Johnson Syndrome
Authors: Rathi Varsha M. , Taneja Mukesh , Dumpati Srikanth , Mandathara Preeji S. , Sangwan Virender S. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To report the rare coexistence of keratoconus and Stevens–Johnson syndrome (SJS) managed with scleral contact lenses (ScCLs).

Methods:
This is a retrospective case series. Five patients (9 eyes) who had coexisting SJS and corneal ectasia were identified from the database during the 2-year period. Diagnosis of SJS was based on a positive history of drug reactions, signs of ocular surface disease, and the presence of keratinization of lid margins. Keratoconus was diagnosed by slit-lamp biomicroscopy.

Results:
Five eyes of 3 patients had coexisting SJS and keratoconus and were dispensed with ScCLs (PROSE, prosthetic replacement of the ocular surface ecosystem; Boston Foundation for Sight, Needham Heights, MA). All these patients had photophobia. Visual acuity improved in all these patients with ScCL wear. Two patients (4 eyes) were excluded from this study because they had SJS with generalized corneal thinning from limbus to limbus, corneal opacification, and pannus. One patient developed deep vessels in the cornea on prolonged ScCL wear. Reduction in the ScCL wear schedule and change of material with a higher Dk resulted in regression of vascularization. Case 3 developed conjunctival congestion and was uncomfortable wearing ScCLs, although visual acuity was 20/40. He discontinued using ScCL wear.

Conclusions:
Keratoconus, a noninflammatory condition of the cornea coexisted with inflammatory SJS. Managing such patients with ScCLs may improve vision and comfort.
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-Positive Ocular Adnexal Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma and Idiopathic Orbital Inflammation
Authors: Sohn Eun Jung , Ahn Hee Bae , Roh Mee Sook , Jung Woo Jun , Ryu Won Yeol , Kwon Yoon Hyung 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To report clinical and pathological characteristics of idiopathic orbital inflammation and ocular adnexal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma with immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive plasma cells.

Methods:
A retrospective histopathological review and clinical case series. A total of 51 biopsy samples from January 2005 to December 2015 were used in this study, including 21 cases of biopsy-confirmed idiopathic orbital inflammation and 30 cases of biopsy-confirmed ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma. Most cases of ocular adnexal lymphoma were conjunctival tissue. Retrospective immunohistochemical studies were performed to estimate the IgG4 and IgG4/IgG ratios. Histopathologic features, demographic and clinical data, radiologic findings, treatment, and follow-up information for each patient were analyzed.

Results:
Among idiopathic orbital inflammation, 6 (28.6%) of the 21 patients were diagnosed as “probable” ocular adnexal IgG4-related diseases and 13 (43.3%) of the 30 patients were diagnosed as MALT lymphoma with IgG4-positive plasma cells. Six cases of 13 IgG4-positive MALT lymphoma group had contralateral chronic inflammatory lesions infiltrated by IgG4-positive plasma cells, which was significantly (p = 0.007) higher than that in the IgG4-negative group. Conjunctival involvement was 69% of the IgG4-positive MALT lymphoma cases. Bilateral involvement of the ocular adnexa was significantly (p = 0.02) more frequent among IgG4-positive MALT lymphoma patients than that in IgG4-positive idiopathic orbital inflammation patients. Recurrence rate in the IgG4-positive group was higher (p = 0.05) than that in the IgG4-negative group but not significantly.

Conclusions:
This study presented an unusual framework of ocular adnexal IgG4-related inflammation, in conjunctiva. It is important to understand contralateral chronic inflammatory lesions and their relationship with IgG4-positive MALT lymphoma. Tissue biopsy and IgG4 immunostaining are required for all cases because IgG4-positive MALT lymphoma can arise from a pre-existing IgG4-positive chronic inflammatory lesions. This is the first study that performs IgG4 immunostaining for tissue from a relatively large number of conjunctival MALT lymphomas in a single center. Therefore, it will help to diagnose conjunctival lymphoproliferative disease.
Enhanced Adherence in Patients Using an Automated Home Medication Dispenser
Authors: Hoffmann Charles , Schweighardt Anne , Conn Kelly M. , Nelson Dallas , Barbano Richard , Marshall Frederick , Brown Jack 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Many factors contribute to medication nonadherence including psychological and memory disorders, aging, and pill burden. The Automated Home Medication Dispenser (AHMD) is a medication management system intended to help solve unintentional medication nonadherence.

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to determine if use of the AHMD improved medication adherence.

Methods:
We conducted a 6-month prospective, feasibility study assessing use of the AHMD in 21 patient-caregiver dyads. Patients were referred by their physician because of poor medication adherence and included if they resided in Rochester, NY and on at least two medications in pill form. Pill counts were performed at baseline to assess previous adherence. Prospective medication adherence was assessed using AHMD recorded dosing information. A paired t-test was used to compare previous and prospective adherence.

Results:
The mean age of patients was 75.1 years. Fifteen patients (71.4%) and eight caregivers (38.1%) were women; half (47.6%) of caregivers lived with the patient. The most common patient comorbidities were hypertension (76.2%) and memory disorder (61.9%). Mean adherence increased from 49.0% at baseline to 96.8% after 6 months of AHMD use (p < .001).

Conclusion:
In a cohort of unintentionally nonadherent patients, use of the AHMD for 6 months significantly improved medication adherence.
Quality-of-Life Outcomes Improve with Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy and Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Bailey Christopher R. , Ogbuagu Onyebuchi , Baltodano Pablo A. , Simjee Usamah F. , Manahan Michele A. , Cooney Damon S. , Jacobs Lisa K. , Tsangaris Theodore N. , Cooney Carisa M. , Rosson Gedge D. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Loss of the nipple-areola complex can be psychologically and sexually devastating. Nipple-sparing mastectomy provides robust cosmetic results, but few studies have investigated the quality-of-life outcomes associated with it.

Methods:
The authors performed an institutional review board–approved retrospective study of 32 patients who underwent nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant-based or autologous reconstruction and 32 control patients who underwent non–nipple-sparing mastectomy with reconstruction matched by reconstruction type and operative period. They then compared premastectomy and postreconstruction responses to the BREAST-Q, a validated and breast reconstruction–specific quality-of-life questionnaire, within and between their study and control populations.

Results:
The nipple-sparing and non–nipple-sparing mastectomy groups were statistically similar in terms of mean age [49.9 ± 8.5 years (range, 36 to 69 years) and 47.7 ± 10.3 years (range, 26 to 68 years) (p = 0.29), respectively] and mean body mass index [24.3 ± 3.5 kg/m2 (range, 17.9 to 33.7 kg/m2) and 25.5 ± 5.4 kg/m2 (range, 19.2 to 39.2 kg/m2) (p = 0.29), respectively]. There were no significant between-group differences in occurrence of postreconstruction complications. The authors found significantly higher mean postreconstruction scores in the nipple-sparing mastectomy group within the Satisfaction with Breasts (p = 0.039) and the Satisfaction with Outcome (p = 0.017) domains. Finally, they noted higher median postreconstruction scores in the nipple-sparing mastectomy group within the Psychosocial Well-being (p = 0.043) and Satisfaction with Breasts (p = 0.004) domains.

Conclusions:
Psychological concerns regarding malignancy may negatively impact premastectomy patient quality of life. Reconstructive surgery improves patients’ postmastectomy quality of life. Nipple-sparing mastectomy appears to provide significantly better improvement in postreconstruction quality of life, specifically in the Satisfaction with Breasts and Satisfaction with Outcome domains of the BREAST-Q, compared with non–nipple-sparing mastectomies.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, III.
Corticosteroid Injections for Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Long-Term Follow-Up in a Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Evers Stefanie , Bryan Andrew J. , Sanders Thomas L. , Gunderson Tina , Gelfman Russell , Amadio Peter C. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Corticosteroid injection is a recommended treatment option for carpal tunnel syndrome, before considering surgery. Nevertheless, injections remain controversial because there is strong evidence of only short-term benefits. This study aimed to determine the reintervention rate and to identify prognostic indicators for subsequent treatment after corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome.

Methods:
This study evaluated residents of Olmsted County treated with a corticosteroid injection for carpal tunnel syndrome between 2001 and 2010. Treatment failure was the primary outcome of interest. Two definitions for failure were examined: (1) the patient receiving subsequent procedural intervention and (2) the patient undergoing carpal tunnel release. Survival was estimated using Kaplan-Meier methods, and association of covariates with increased failure was modeled using Cox proportional hazards regression.

Results:
The study included 774 affected hands in 595 patients. The median follow-up period was 7.4 years. Reintervention was performed in 68 percent of cases, of which 63 percent resulted in eventual surgery. Injectate volume was significant for the outcome of any retreatment [hazard ratio, 0.879 (95 percent CI, 0.804 to 0.96)] and surgery [hazard ratio, 0.906 (95 percent CI, 0.827 to 0.99)]. Rheumatoid arthritis was also significant in both models, with a hazard ratio of 0.627 (95 percent CI, 0.404 to 0.97) for any retreatment and 0.493 (95 percent CI, 0.292 to 0.83) for surgery.

Conclusions:
In this cohort, 32 percent of patients did not receive subsequent treatment after a single injection, which indicates that there is a therapeutic role for corticosteroid injections in treating carpal tunnel syndrome. Further research is necessary to identify those patients who will benefit from an injection, to provide more individually tailored treatment.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Risk, III.