bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Symmetrical polymer systems prepared using a degradable bifunctional atom transfer radical polymerization initiator: Synthesis, characterization, and cleavage
Authors: Elladiou Marios , Kalogirou Andreas S. , Patrickios Costas S. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTLinear (co)polymers and dimethacrylate‐end‐linked polymer networks of methyl methacrylate with 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, cleavable in the middle of the polymer chain, either under thermolysis or alkaline hydrolysis conditions, were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) using a specially designed bifunctional degradable initiator. This initiator was 2,6‐pyridinediethanol di(2‐bromo‐2‐methyl propanoate) (PyDEDBrMeP), bearing two 2‐(pyridin‐2‐yl)ethyl ester moieties, known for their thermal and hydrolytic (alkaline conditions) lability. As a control, a more stable bifunctional ATRP initiator, 2,6‐pyridinedimethanol di(2‐bromo‐2‐methyl propanoate) (PyDMDBrMeP), was also synthesized together with the corresponding linear polymers and polymer networks prepared from it. Thermal or hydrolytic treatment of the polymers prepared using PyDEDBrMeP led to a reduction in the molecular weights of the linear polymers by a factor of two, and to the conversion of the polymer networks to soluble branched (star) structures, consistent with the expected cleavage of the initiator residue located in the middle of the polymer chain. Thermal treatment of the polymers prepared using PyDMDBrMeP did not affect their molecular weight due to the thermal stability of the (pyridin‐2‐yl)methyl ester group, while treatment under alkaline hydrolysis conditions resulted in complete cleavage, similar to the PyDEDBrMeP‐prepared polymers. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2342–2355
CFTR‐dependent chloride efflux in cystic fibrosis mononuclear cells is increased by ivacaftor therapy
Authors: Guerra Lorenzo , D'Oria Susanna , Favia Maria , Castellani Stefano , Santostasi Teresa , Polizzi Angela M. , Mariggiò Maria A. , Gallo Crescenzio , Casavola Valeria , Montemurro Pasqualina , Leonetti Giuseppina , Manca Antonio , Conese Massimo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimThe Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) potentiator ivacaftor (Kalydeco®) improves clinical outcome in G551D cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Here, we have investigated whether ivacaftor has a clinical impact on non‐G551D gating mutations and function of circulating leukocytes as well.MethodsSeven patients were treated with ivacaftor and evaluated at baseline, and at 1‐3 and 6 months. Besides clinical and systemic inflammatory parameters, circulating mononuclear cells (MNC) were evaluated for CFTR‐dependent chloride efflux by spectrofluorimetry, neutrophils for oxidative burst by cytofluorimetry and HVCN1 mRNA expression by real time PCR.ResultsIvacaftor determined a significant decrease in sweat chloride concentrations at all time points during treatment. Body mass index (BMI), FEV1, and FVC showed an increasing trend. While C‐reactive protein decreased significantly at 2 months, the opposite behavior was noticed for circulating monocytes. CFTR activity in MNC was found to increase significantly at 3 and 6 months. Neutrophil oxidative burst peaked at 2 months and then decreased to baseline. HVCN1 mRNA expression was significantly higher than baseline at 1‐3 months and decreased after 6 months of treatment. The chloride efflux in MNC correlated positively with both FEV1 and FVC. On the other hand, sweat chloride correlated positively with CRP and WBC, and negatively with both respiratory function tests. A cluster analysis confirmed that sweat chloride, FEV1, FVC, BMI, and MNC chloride efflux behaved as a single entity over time.DiscussionIn patients with non‐G551D mutations, ivacaftor improved both chloride transport in sweat ducts and chloride efflux in MNC, that is, functions directly imputed to CFTR.
Intraguild interactions and behavior of Spodoptera frugiperda and Helicoverpa spp. on maize
Authors: Bentivenha José PF , Montezano Débora G , Hunt Thomas E , Baldin Edson LL , Peterson Julie A , Victor Vinícius S , Pannuti Luiz ER , Vélez Ana M , Paula‐Moraes Silvana V 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDSpodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is one of the major pests of maize and is in the same feeding guild as the noctuid pests Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), recently reported in South and North America. The intraguild interactions of these species were assessed in laboratory and field conditions by determining the survival of larvae in interaction scenarios with non‐Bt maize silks and ears. Moreover, a video tracking system was utilized to evaluate behavioral parameters during larval interactions in scenarios with or without food.RESULTSIn intraguild interactions, S. frugiperda had greater survival (55–100%) when competing with Helicoverpa spp. in scenarios where larvae were the same instar or when they were larger (fourth versus second) than their competitor. Frequency and time in food of S. frugiperda larvae were negatively influenced by interactions. Larvae of S. frugiperda moved shorter distances (less than 183.03 cm) compared with H. zea.CONCLUSIONOverall, S. frugiperda had a competitive advantage over Helicoverpa spp. This study provides significant information regarding noctuid behavior and larval survival during intraguild interactions, which may impact pest prevalence and population dynamics, thereby affecting integrated pest management and insect resistance management of these species in maize. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Roles of SAMHD1 in antiviral defense, autoimmunity and cancer
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Zhang Dong , Zhu Mengying , Shen Yuxian , Wei Wei , Ying Songcheng , Korner Heinrich , Li Jun 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThe enzyme, sterile α motif and histidine‐aspartic acid domain–containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) diminishes infection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) by hydrolyzing intracellular deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) in myeloid cells and resting CD4+ T cells. This dNTP degradation reduces the dNTP concentration to a level insufficient for viral cDNA synthesis, thereby inhibiting retroviral replication. This antiviral enzymatic activity can be inhibited by viral protein X (Vpx). The HIV‐2/SIV Vpx causes degradation of SAMHD1, thus interfering with the SAMHD1‐mediated restriction of retroviral replication. Recently, SAMHD1 has been suggested to restrict HIV‐1 infection by directly digesting genomic HIV‐1 RNA through a still controversial RNase activity. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about structure, antiviral mechanisms, intracellular localization, interferon‐regulated expression of SAMHD1. We also describe SAMHD1‐deficient animal models and an antiviral drug on the basis of disrupting proteasomal degradation of SAMHD1. In addition, the possible roles of SAMHD1 in regulating innate immune sensing, Aicardi‐Goutières syndrome and cancer are discussed in this review.
Cluster analysis of local convergent sequences of structures
Authors: Nešetřil Jaroslav , de Mendez Patrice Ossona 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe cluster analysis of very large objects is an important problem, which spans several theoretical as well as applied branches of mathematics and computer science. Here we suggest a novel approach: under assumption of local convergence of a sequence of finite structures we derive an asymptotic clustering. This is achieved by a blend of analytic and geometric techniques, and particularly by a new interpretation of the authors' representation theorem for limits of local convergent sequences, which serves as a guidance for the whole process. Our study may be seen as an effort to describe connectivity structure at the limit (without having a defined explicit limit structure) and to pull this connectivity structure back to the finite structures in the sequence in a continuous way. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg., 51, 674–728, 2017
Casticin impairs cell migration and invasion of mouse melanoma B16F10 cells via PI3K/AKT and NF‐κB signaling pathways
Authors: Shih Yung‐Luen , Chou Hsiao‐Min , Chou Hsiu‐Chen , Lu Hsu‐Feng , Chu Yung‐Lin , Shang Hung‐Sheng , Chung Jing‐Gung 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCasticin, a polymethoxyflavone, is one of the major active components obtained from Fructus viticis, which have been shown to have anticancer activities including induce cell apoptosis in human cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms by which casticin inhibits cell migration and invasion of mouse melanoma B16F10 cells. Cell viability was examined by MTT assay and the results indicated that casticin decreased the total percentages of viable cells in dose‐dependent manners. Casticin affected cell migration and invasion in B16F10 cells were examined by wound healing mobility assay and Boyden chamber migration and invasion assay and results indicated that casticin inhibited cell migration and invasion in dose‐dependent manners. Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression of B16F10 cells after exposed to casticin and the results showed that casticin decreased the expressions of MMP‐9, MMP‐2, MMP‐1, FAK, 14‐3‐3, GRB2, Akt, NF‐κB p65, SOS‐1, p‐EGFR, p‐JNK 1/2, uPA, and Rho A in B16F10 cells. Furthermore, cDNA microarray assay was used to show that casticin affected associated gene expression of cell migration and invasion and the results indicated that casticin affected some of the gene expression such as increased SCN1B (cell adhesion molecule 1) and TIMP2 (TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 2) and decreased NDUFS4 (NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe‐S protein4), VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A), and DDIT3 (DNA‐damage‐inducible transcript 3) which associated cell migration and invasion in B16F10 cells. Based on those observations, we suggest that casticin could be used as a novel anticancer metastasis of melanoma cancer in the future.
Hydroquinone induces TK6 cell growth arrest and apoptosis through PARP‐1/p53 regulatory pathway
Authors: Luo Hao , Liang Hairong , Chen Jiajia , Xu Yongchun , Chen Yuting , Xu Longmei , Yun Lin , Liu Jiaxian , Yang Hui , Liu Linhua , Peng Jianming , Liu Zhidong , Tang Lin , Chen Wen , Tang Huanwen 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHydroquinone (HQ), one of the most important metabolites derived from benzene, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Poly(ADP‐ribose) polymerase‐1 (PARP‐1) participates in various biological processes, including DNA repair and cell cycle regulation. To explore whether PARP‐1 regulatory pathway mediated HQ‐induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, we assessed the effect of PARP‐1 suppression on induction of apoptosis analyzed by FACSCalibur flow cytometer in PARP‐1 deficientTK6 cells (TK6‐shPARP‐1). We observed an increase in the fraction of cells in G1 phase by 7.6% and increased apoptosis by 4.5% in PARP‐1‐deficient TK6 cells (TK6‐shPARP‐1) compared to those negative control cells (TK6‐shNC cells) in response to HQ treatment. Furthermore, HQ might activate the extrinsic pathways of apoptosis via up‐regulation of Fas expression, followed by caspase‐3 activation, apoptotic body, and sub G1 accumulation. Enhanced p53 expression was observed in TK6‐shPARP‐1 cells than in TK6‐shNC cells after HQ treatment. In contrast, Fas expression was lower in TK6‐shPARP‐1 cells than in TK6‐shNC cells. Therefore, we conclude that HQ may activate apoptotic signals via Fas up‐regulation and p53‐mediated apoptosis in TK6‐shNC cells. The reduction of PARP‐1 expression further intensified up‐regulation of p53 in TK6‐shPARP‐1 cells, resulting in an increased G1→S phase cell arrest and apoptosis in TK6‐shPARP‐1 cells compared to TK6‐shNC cells.
Synergistic effect of carbon nuclei and polyaromatic hydrocarbons on respiratory and immune responses
Authors: Chowdhury Pratiti H. , Kitamura Gaku , Honda Akiko , Sawahara Takahiro , Hayashi Tomohiro , Fukushima Wataru , Kudo Hitomi , Ito Sho , Yoshida Seiichi , Ichinose Takamichi , Ueda Kayo , Takano Hirohisa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractParticulate matter with aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) is generally composed of carbon nuclei associated with various organic carbons, metals, ions and biological materials. Among these components, polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) such as benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) and quinones have detrimental effects on airway epithelial cells and immunodisrupting effects, which leads to the exacerbation of respiratory allergies. The effects of PAHs and the carbon nuclei, separately as well as in combination, remain to be established. We investigated the effects of BaP, 9,10‐phenanthroquinone (9,10‐PQ), and 1,2‐napthoquinone (1,2‐NQ) and their combined effects with heated diesel exhaust particle (H‐DEP) as carbon nuclei of typical PM2.5. We exposed human airway epithelial cells (BEAS‐2B), murine bone marrow‐derived antigen‐presenting cells (APCs), and murine splenocytes to BaP, 9,10‐PQ, or 1,2‐NQ in the presence and absence of H‐DEP. Several important inflammatory cytokines and cell surface molecules were measured. PAHs alone did not have apparent cytotoxic effects on BEAS‐2B, whereas combined exposure with H‐DEP induced noticeable detrimental effects which mainly reflected the action of H‐DEP itself. BaP increased CD86 expression as an APC surface molecule regardless of the presence or absence of H‐DEP. None of the BaP, 9,10‐PQ, or 1,2‐NQ exposure alone or their combined exposure with H‐DEP resulted in any significant activation of splenocytes. These results suggest that PAHs and carbon nuclei show additive effects, and that BaP with the carbon nuclei may contribute to exacerbations of allergic respiratory diseases including asthma by PM2.5, especially via antigen‐presenting cell activation.
Esophagojejunostomy Using the Purse‐String Suturing Device After Laparoscopic Total or Proximal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
Authors: Okuno Keisuke , Gokita Kentaro , Tanioka Toshiro , Ogawa Norihito , Otsuki Sho , Inokuchi Mikito , Takayama Toshio , Kojima Kazuyuki 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundPerforming a safe esophagojejunostomy is important for the standardization of laparoscopic total gastrectomy. We have performed intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy by a circular stapler using the purse‐string suturing device that we co‐developed. The advantage of this device is that it makes use of the same surgical procedure as open surgery, but it does not depend on the surgeon’s technical skills since this device does not require the laparoscopic hand‐sewn technique. Furthermore, we have also adapted this device for double‐tract reconstruction after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy. In this study, we present the surgical procedures and postoperative short‐term outcomes that were obtained using this novel technique.MethodsWe enrolled 94 patients that underwent intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy by circular stapler using our device after laparoscopic total or proximal gastrectomy for gastric cancer between November 2009 and October 2016.ResultsPostoperative complications related to esophagojejunostomy were due to anastomotic stenosis in two cases (2.1%) and leakage of the jejunum stump in one case (1.1%).ConclusionsIntracorporeal esophagojejunostomy by circular stapler using the purse‐string suturing device is safe and feasible. This method can be one of the standard procedures for performing intracorporeal esophagojejunostomy.
Native Mediterranean plants as potential food sources for natural enemies of insect pests in olive groves
Authors: Nave Anabela , Crespí António L. , Gonçalves Fátima , Campos Mercedes , Torres Laura 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe diversity of native non‐crop (weed) vegetation in agricultural landscapes can provide arthropod natural enemies with food sources and shelter, thus improving natural pest control and reducing dependence on chemical pesticides. Moreover, native plants to a region are uniquely positioned to provide cultural ecosystem services such as wild food and wild medicinal plants, as well as aesthetics values. The Mediterranean Basin is one of the world's richest places in terms of plant diversity. Olive cultivation is the basic tree cultivation in the Mediterranean and dominates its rural landscape. The olive grove ecosystem, whose flora presents a notable resemblance to the flora of Mediterranean type ecosystems, is home to a myriad of species of insects, spiders and other arthropods. This includes over one hundred phytophagous species, plus an uncounted number of entomophagous that help to reduce phytophagous populations. Here we present data on flowering plant species from the ground cover of olive groves, store information on characteristics of plant species namely physiognomic type and flowering period, geographic information and some statistical values on olive groves study area and records in the flora of visitor arthropods and cultural ecosystem services. The data include information on 36 olive groves, 100 flora species (taxa), of which 86 native in Portugal, 5 endemic to Iberian Peninsula and 4 endemic to Portugal Continental, and present also a summary of the records of visitor arthropods in these flora (i.e. 2 classes, 6 orders and 12 families).
Back to Basics: Sterile Technique
Authors: Spruce Lisa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSterile technique is an essential patient safety principle that reduces the risk of microbial transmission to patients during surgery. The ability to establish and maintain a sterile environment is an important skill for all perioperative team members. Understanding the principles of sterile technique is crucial for anyone entering the perioperative environment. This Back to Basics article reviews sterile technique and the importance of all perioperative team members adhering to aseptic principles.
Inadvertent Perioperative Hypothermia: Current Nursing Knowledge
Authors: Giuliano Karen K. , Hendricks Jane 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInadvertent perioperative hypothermia is estimated to affect 70% of surgical patients and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, lengthened hospital stays, and increased costs. To better understand the current level of nursing knowledge on this subject since the release of the “Guideline for prevention of unplanned patient hypothermia,” we conducted an e‐mail survey of AORN members. The overall response rate was 6.5% (N = 324), and most responding nurses overestimated or underestimated the lower and upper limits for normothermia. When asked about the most common complications associated with hypothermia, respondents identified shivering (68.2%), surgical site infections (65.4%), and cardiac events (61.7%); only 44.8% and 33.6% identified blood loss and pressure injuries, respectively. These results indicate a need for ongoing interventions to increase awareness and promote best practices to prevent and manage inadvertent perioperative hypothermia.
Sex cord tumor with annular tubules in patients with Turner syndrome: Mosaicism 45X/46XY
Authors: Sánchez María , Garzón Angie , Pérez Jaime , Hittelman Adam , Céspedes Camila , Forero Catalina , Fernández Nicolás 
Published: April 2017

Introduction It has been described among the literature the close relationship that exists between dysgenetic gonads with positive Y chromosome and the risk of developing gonadoblastoma. However, it is still uncertain the relationship with stromal tumors and there is not much information about this topic. In this paper is presented the case of a patient with Turner syndrome mosaicism 45X(8)/46,XY(92) and sex cord tumor with annular tubule pattern.
Materials and methods A search was conducted in Embase, Ovid, Ebsco and PubMed databases with the terms “(Turner syndrome) and sex cord stromal tumor”. However, only in PubMed we were able to find an article that meets the search criteria and it is considered the first case report in the literature that refers to the relationship between Turner syndrome and sex cord stromal tumor.
Conclusions There is little evidence that exists for cases like this, so the management of these patients is still uncertain and controversial, especially by the different perspectives in-between specialties. Specifically, with this patient it is still uncertain the relationship between the risk and the benefit of the management with growth hormone after the finding of neoplasm.
Upper Body Compression Garment: Physiological Effects While Cycling in a Hot Environment
Authors: Leoz-Abaurrea Iker , Aguado-Jiménez Roberto 
Published: April 2017

Objective The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of an upper body compression garment (UBCG) on physiologic and perceptual responses while cycling in a hot environment. Methods Twenty recreational road cyclists were pair-matched for age, anthropometric data, and fitness level (V̇O2 max) and randomly assigned to a control (CON) group (n=10) of cyclists who wore a conventional t-shirt or to a group (n=10) of cyclists who wore UBCG. Test session consisted of cycling at a fixed load (∼50% V̇O2 max) for 30 minutes at an ambient temperature of ∼40°C (39.9±0.4°C), followed by 10 minutes of recovery. Results Significantly greater ( P = .002) rectal temperature ( Trec) was observed at the end of exercise in the UBCG group (38.3±0.2°C) versus CON group (37.9±0.3°C). Significantly greater heart rate (HR) was observed in the UBCG group at minute 15 ( P = .01) and at the end of exercise (187±9 vs 173±10 beats/min; P = .004) for UBCG and CON, respectively. Furthermore, participants who wore UBCG perceived a significantly greater ( P = .03) thermal sensation at the end of exercise. During recovery HR and Trec remained significantly greater ( P < .05) in the UBCG group. Conclusions The use of an UBCG increased cardiovascular and thermoregulatory strain during cycling in a hot environment and did not aid during recovery.
An investigation into the effects of maternal supplementation with excess iodine on the mechanisms and impacts of reduced IgG absorption in the lamb postpartum
Authors: McGovern F. M. , Sweeney T. , Ryan M. T. , Lott S. , Campion F. P. , Boland T. M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn experiment was conducted to determine: (1) the effect of excess maternal I supplementation on the thyroid hormone status of the ewe and her progeny; (2) potential mechanisms underpinning the failure of passive transfer associated with excess I and (3) the growing lambs’ response to natural gastrointestinal infection. Twin-bearing ewes received one of two treatments (n 32/treatment group): basal diet (C) or C plus 26·6 mg of iodine/ewe per d (I), supplied as calcium iodate. Ewes were individually fed from day 119 of gestation to parturition. Progeny of I ewes had lower (P<0·01) serum IgG concentrations from 24 h to 28 d postpartum but higher serum IgG concentrations at day 70 postpartum (P<0·05). I supplementation increased the relative expression of Fc receptor, IgA, IgM high affinity and polymeric Ig receptor in the ileum of the lamb at 24 h postpartum; however, thyroid hormone receptor-β (THRB) and β-2-microglobulin (B2M) expression declined (P<0·05). Progeny of I ewes had higher growth rates to weaning (P<0·05) and lower faecal egg count (FEC) for Nematodirus battus (P<0·05) between weeks 6 and 10 postpartum. In conclusion, excess maternal I supplementation negatively affected the thyroid hormone status, serum IgG concentration, ileal morphology and the gene expression of THRB and B2M in the ileum and ras-related protein (RAB) RAB25 and the mucin gene (MUC) MUC1 in the duodenum of the lamb postpartum. These effects were followed by an enhancement of average daily gain and lower N. battus FEC in the pre-weaning period of I-supplemented lambs.
THE TEXT OF HORACE,SATIRES1.4.4: GREEK OLD COMEDY AND LUCILIUS
Authors: Fedeli Giacomo 
Published: April 2017

In the famous and widely cited opening of hisSatires(henceforth,Sat.) 1.4, Horace states (1–5):Eupolis atque Cratinus Aristophanesque poetaeatque alii quorum comoedia prisca uirorum est,si quis erat dignus describi, quod malus ac fur,quod moechus foret aut sicarius aut alioquifamosus, multa cum libertate notabant. 5