bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Autophagy regulates cisplatin‐induced stemness and chemoresistance via the upregulation of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 in oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Naik Prajna Paramita , Mukhopadhyay Subhadip , Panda Prashanta Kumar , Sinha Niharika , Das Chandan Kanta , Mishra Rajakishore , Patil Shankargouda , Bhutia Sujit Kumar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe inspected the relevance of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 in OSCC stemness and deciphered the role of autophagy/mitophagy in regulating stemness and chemoresistance.Material and methodsA retrospective analysis of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 with respect to the various clinico‐pathological factors and their correlation was analysed in sixty OSCC samples. Furthermore, the stemness and chemoresistance were studied in resistant oral cancer cells using sphere formation assay, flow cytometry and florescence microscopy. The role of autophagy/mitophagy was investigated by transient transfection of siATG14, GFP‐LC3, tF‐LC3, mKeima‐Red‐Mito7 and Western blot analysis of autophagic and mitochondrial proteins.ResultsIn OSCC, high CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 expressions were correlated with higher tumour grades and poor differentiation and show significant correlation in their co‐expression. In vitro and OSCC tissue double labelling confirmed that CD44+ cells co‐expresses ABCB1 and ADAM17. Further, cisplatin (CDDP)‐resistant FaDu cells displayed stem‐like features and higher CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17 expression. Higher autophagic flux and mitophagy were observed in resistant FaDu cells as compared to parental cells, and inhibition of autophagy led to the decrease in stemness, restoration of mitochondrial proteins and reduced expression of CD44, ABCB1 and ADAM17.ConclusionThe CD44+/ABCB1+/ADAM17+ expression in OSCC is associated with stemness and chemoresistance. Further, this study highlights the involvement of mitophagy in chemoresistance and autophagic regulation of stemness in OSCC.
Men across a range of ethnicities have a higher prevalence of diabetes: findings from a cross‐sectional study of 500 000 UK Biobank participants
Authors: Ferguson L. D. , Ntuk U. E. , Celis‐Morales C. , Mackay D. F. , Pell J. P. , Gill J. M. R. , Sattar N. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsStudies show that white men have a higher prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus than women at a given age and BMI, but equivalent standardized data for other ethnic groups in the UK are sparse.MethodsThis cross‐sectional study analysed UK Biobank data from 489 079 participants to compare the prevalence of diabetes mellitus across four major ethnic groups including: 471 700 (96.4%) white, 7871 (1.6%) South Asian, 7974 (1.6%) black and 1534 (0.3%) Chinese participants, before and after standardizing for age, socio‐economic status (SES), BMI and lifestyle factors including physical activity, TV viewing, fruit and vegetable intake, processed meat, red meat, oily fish, alcohol intake and smoking. A subgroup analysis of South Asians was also undertaken.ResultsCrude diabetes prevalence was higher in men across all four ethnicities. After standardizing for age, SES, BMI and lifestyle factors, a significant sex difference in diabetes prevalence persisted in white (men 6.0% vs. women 3.6%), South Asian (21.0% vs. 13.8%) and black individuals (13.3% vs. 9.7%) (P < 0.0001); there was a non‐significant difference between Chinese men and women (7.1% vs. 5.5%) (P = 0.211). Sex differences persisted across South Asian subgroups.ConclusionsMen across a range of major ethnic groups including white, South Asian and black, have a higher prevalence of diabetes compared with women of similar age, BMI, SES and lifestyle in the UK.
Persistent carbon loss from the humus layer of tilled boreal forest soil
Authors: Simola H. 
Published: November 2017

SummaryEffects of forest floor tillage on the soil organic matter (SOM) content of a podzol were studied across the boreal forest zone in Finland. At each of the 93 study sites, where an old natural forest stand is bordered by a tilled or non‐tilled clear‐cut‐regenerated stand, 20 topsoil cores were collected from both the old and regenerated stand for SOM determination. An analysis of covariance (ancova) revealed a significant decrease in the SOM pool related to tilled soil on the clear‐cut stands compared with the adjacent old‐forest stands. A relative increase in SOM on several of the most recent ‘clear‐cut’ sites appears to be a transient feature attributable to logging residue. The average decrease in SOM for all the > 10‐year tilled sites was 1260 g OM m−2, corresponding to a decline of about 15% from the old‐forest average. For clear‐cut sites without tillage, there was an average loss of only 300 g OM m−2, or 3.9%. Based on the current rates of forest floor tillage in Finland (1200 km2 annually), CO2 emissions were estimated to be in the order of 2.8 Tg year−1, which suggests a total of about 130 Tg CO2 has been emitted since the 1960s (about 58 000 km2 of forests have been tilled so far). The persistent reduction in carbon stocks observed in tilled forest soil contradicts the carbon balance neutrality claimed for the intensive forestry currently practised in Finland.Highlights
Effects of clear‐cut forestry and soil tillage on SOM stores in Finland.
Soil at clear‐cut borders of old‐forest stands reveals effect of forestry on soil C balance.
Tilling of soil on clear‐cuts typically reduces SOM by 10–15% on average.
The results suggest that present Finnish UNFCCC reporting for boreal forest soil is erroneous.
On the Choice of Anchor Tests in Equating
Authors: Sinharay Sandip 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe choice of anchor tests is crucial in applications of the nonequivalent groups with anchor test design of equating. Sinharay and Holland (2006, 2007) suggested “miditests,” which are anchor tests that are content‐representative and have the same mean item difficulty as the total test but have a smaller spread of item difficulties. Sinharay and Holland (2006, 2007), Cho, Wall, Lee, and Harris (2010), Fitzpatrick and Skorupski (2016), Liu, Sinharay, Holland, Curley, and Feigenbaum (2011a), Liu, Sinharay, Holland, Feigenbaum, and Curley (2011b), and Yi (2009) found the miditests to lead to better equating than minitests, which are representative of the total test with respect to content and difficulty. However, these findings recently came into question as Trierweiler, Lewis, and Smith (2016) concluded, based on a comparison of correlation coefficients of miditests and minitests with the total test, that making an anchor test a miditest does not generally increase the anchor to total score correlation and recommended the continuation of the practice of using minitests over miditests. Their recommendation raises the question, “Should miditests continue to be considered in practice?” This note defends the miditests by citing literature that favors miditests and then by showing that miditests perform as well as the minitests in most realistic situations considered in Trierweiler et al. (2016), which implies that miditests should continue to be seriously considered by equating practitioners.
BAD knockout provides metabolic seizure resistance in a genetic model of epilepsy with sudden unexplained death in epilepsy
Authors: Foley Jeannine , Burnham Veronica , Tedoldi Meghan , Danial Nika N. , Yellen Gary 
Published: November 2017

SummaryMetabolic alteration, either through the ketogenic diet (KD) or by genetic alteration of the BAD protein, can produce seizure protection in acute chemoconvulsant models of epilepsy. To assess the seizure‐protective role of knocking out (KO) the Bad gene in a chronic epilepsy model, we used the Kcna1−/− model of epilepsy, which displays progressively increased seizure severity and recapitulates the early death seen in sudden unexplained death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Beginning on postnatal day 24 (P24), we continuously video monitored Kcna1−/− and Kcna1−/− Bad−/− double knockout mice to assess survival and seizure severity. We found that Kcna1−/− Bad−/− mice outlived Kcna1−/− mice by approximately 2 weeks. Kcna1−/− Bad−/− mice also spent significantly less time in seizure than Kcna1−/− mice on P24 and the day of death, showing that BadKO provides seizure resistance in a genetic model of chronic epilepsy.
Notched marble plates under tension: Detecting prefailure indicators and predicting entrance to the “critical stage”
Authors: Kourkoulis S.K. , Pasiou E.D. , Dakanali I. , Stavrakas I. , Triantis D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe potentialities of the pressure stimulated currents technique to be used as a continuous structural health monitoring tool in applications related to stone monuments are assessed experimentally. The data gathered by this technique from experiments with notched marble plates submitted to direct tension are considered in juxtaposition to the respective ones provided by the acoustic emissions technique, a well‐founded and widely used sensing tool. The time evolution of the pressure stimulated currents produced provides clearly distinguishable fingerprints of upcoming fracture well before visible cracking is macroscopically observed. These fingerprints are in good qualitative agreement with similar ones provided by the acoustic emissions, and therefore, they can be considered as safe prefailure indicators designating entrance to a “critical stage.” Thus, the use of the pressure stimulated currents technique as an alternative structural health monitoring system appears quite promising, taking also into account the low cost and the small size of the respective sensors.
An experimental and theoretical comparison of CCNBD and CCNSCB specimens for determining mode I fracture toughness of rocks
Authors: Wei M.‐D. , Dai F. , Liu Y. , Xu N.‐W. , Zhao T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe cracked chevron notched Brazilian disc (CCNBD) specimen, suggested by the International Society for Rock Mechanics for testing mode I fracture toughness of rocks, usually yields rather conservative toughness measurements, and the reasons have not been fully explored. In this study, the CCNBD method is compared with the cracked chevron notched semicircular bending (CCNSCB) method in the fracture process zone (FPZ) and its influence on the fracture toughness measurement. Theoretical analysis reveals that the FPZ is longer in the CCNBD specimen than in the CCNSCB specimen using a relatively large support span, the toughness measurement using the former is affected more seriously by the presence of FPZ, and thus the CCNBD method is usually, more or less, conservative compared with the CCNSCB method. These inferences are further validated by experimental results, which indicate that the CCNBD test indeed produces much lower fracture toughness values and even the results of 75‐mm radius CCNBD specimens are still lower than those of 25‐mm radius CCNSCB specimens. Consequently, due to smaller FPZ, the CCNSCB specimen with a relatively large span is more likely to produce comparably accurate or representative toughness value, and it may be more suitable than the CCNBD specimen for the engineering applications that require more representative or less conservative fracture toughness.
Dielectric and piezoelectric performance of gadolinium‐doped lead lanthanum zirconate titanate
Authors: Mansour Salwa , Eid Ahmed , Abd El‐Latif Lamyaa , Rashad Mohamed , Afifi Mohamed , Turner Joseph 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this article, polycrystalline samples of Gd3+ ion‐modified lead lanthanum zirconate titanate PLGZT: (Pb0.94‐xGdxLa0.06)(Zr0.52Ti0.48)O3; x = 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8% have been prepared by the sol‐gel autocombustion strategy. The structural properties of the prepared samples were analyzed by X‐ray diffraction profile (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT‐IR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The samples were assigned to pure PZT perovskite tetragonal structure. Ag electrodes were made on both sides of the disks for measurements of electrical and dielectric properties at different temperatures ranging from 30 to 500°C at various frequencies. The maximum dielectric constant, Curie temperature (TC), dielectric loss at TC, and the piezoelectric charge coefficient d33 ranges of the investigated samples were found to be 1850 to 2420, 350 to 399°C, 0.023 to 0.026, and 299 to 532 pC/N, respectively. Higher coefficients were reached for the 4 % Gd substitution. Finally, the obtained results indicate that these materials can be good candidates for ultrasonic transducers.
Educational nurse‐led lifestyle intervention for persons with mental illness
Authors: Rönngren Ylva , Björk Annette , Audulv Åsa , Enmarker Ingela , Kristiansen Lisbeth , Haage David 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAlthough persons with severe mental illness face an increased risk of mortality and of developing negative health outcomes, research has shown that lifestyle interventions can sufficiently support their health. In response, this study examined a nurse‐led lifestyle intervention developed in cooperation with members of municipal and county councils to gauge its impact on the quality of life, cognitive performance, walking capacity, and body composition of persons with severe mental illness. Lasting 26 weeks and involving 38 persons with severe mental illness, the intervention prioritised two components: the interpersonal relationships of persons with severe mental illness, staff, and group leaders and group education about physical and mental health. Pre–post intervention measurements of quality of life collected with the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life, cognitive performance with the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale, walking capacity with a 6‐min walk test, and body composition in terms of waist circumference and body mass index were analysed using a nonparametric test Wilcoxon signed‐rank test. Results suggest that the intervention afforded significant improvements in the health‐related variables of quality of life, cognitive performance, walking capacity, and waist circumference for persons with severe mental illness. However, long‐term studies with control groups and that examine parameters related to cardiovascular risk factors are essential to ensure the sustained impact of the intervention.
Evaluation of three experimental in vitro models for the assessment of the mechanical cleansing efficacy of wound irrigation solutions
Authors: Klasinc Romana , Augustin Lee Ann , Below Harald , Baguhl Romy , Assadian Ojan , Presterl Elisabeth , Kramer Axel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare different wound‐rinsing solutions to determine differences in the efficiency and to evaluate three different in vitro models for wound cleansing. Different wound‐rinsing solutions (physiological saline solution, ringer lactate solution for wound irrigation, water and a solution containing polihexanide and the surfactant undecylenamidopropyl‐betain) were applied on standardised test models (one‐ and three‐chamber model, flow‐cell method and a biofilm model), each challenged with three different standardised wound test soils. In the one‐chamber model saline showed a better effect on decontaminating proteins than the ringer lactate solution. In the flow‐cell method, water performed better than physiological saline solution, whereas ringer lactate solution demonstrated the lowest cleansing effect. No obvious superiority between the two electrolyte‐containing solutions was detectable in the biofilm model. Unfortunately, it was not possible to assess the protein decontamination qualities of the surfactant‐containing solution because of the interference with the protein measurement. The flow‐cell method was able to detect differences between different rinse solutions because it works at constant flow mechanics, imitating a wound‐rinsing procedure. The three‐chamber and the less‐pronounced modified one‐chamber method as well as the biofilm model had generated inhomogeneous results.
Louisa May Alcott andHospital Sketches: An innovative approach to gender and nursing professionalization
Authors: Choperena Ana , Fairman Julie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimTo show the development of an emerging nursing profession through the eyes of Louisa May Alcott andHospital Sketches.BackgroundInHospital Sketches,Louisa May Alcott recounts her experiences when she worked as a nurse of injured soldiers during the American Civil War, in an autobiographically and masked‐referential way, which allows her to negotiate between transgression and convention. Unlike other reviews, in this paper the relevance of nursing remains highlighted.DesignDiscussion paper.Data sourcesExisting literature in databases, history books and our own reading of facts.Implications for nursingIlluminating overlooked meanings hidden in nurses’ personal sources enables to approach their contribution to history, improve their visibility and project the future of nursing. Nursing care, whether domestic or professional, was and remains a catalyst for change.ConclusionThrough Alcott's words, we understand the transition of nursing care as a gradual extension of the middle‐class woman's domestic role and a progressive definition of nurses’ identity. In particular, we highlight how certain professional nursing nuances which appear in the text are compatible with the gradual extension of the boundaries of women's domesticity. Furthermore, Alcott's use of literary devices reveals the delicate balance between women's domestic role and some new nursing professional features, which anticipates nursing professionalization.
Impact of weight loss on ablation outcome in obese patients with longstanding persistent atrial fibrillation
Authors: Mohanty Sanghamitra , Mohanty Prasant , Natale Veronica , Trivedi Chintan , Gianni Carola , Burkhardt J. David , Sanchez Javier E. , Horton Rodney , Gallinghouse G. Joseph , Hongo Richard , Beheiry Salwa , Al‐Ahmad Amin , Di Biase Luigi , Natale Andrea 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAimsThis study investigated the impact of weight loss in longstanding persistent (LSPAF) patients undergoing catheter ablation (CA).MethodsNinety consecutive obese LSPAF patients were approached; 58 volunteered to try weight loss interventions for up to 1 year (group 1), while 32 patients declined weight loss interventions and were included as a control (group 2). Both groups remained on antiarrhythmic drugs. If they continued to experience AF, CA was performed. Body weight was measured at 6‐month intervals and arrhythmia status was assessed by event recorder, electrocardiogram (ECG), and Holter monitoring. Symptom severity and quality of life (QoL) were evaluated by AFSS and SF‐36 survey, respectively. A scoring algorithm with two summary measures, physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), was prepared for QoL analysis.ResultsSignificant reduction in body weight (median −24.9 (IQR −19.1 to −56.7) kg, P < 0.001) was observed in the group 1 patients, while no such change was seen in group 2. The PCS and MCS scores improved significantly in group 1 only, with a change from baseline of 8.4 ± 3 (P = 0.013) and 12.8 ± 8.2 (P < 0.02). However, AF symptom severity remained unchanged from baseline in both groups (P = 0.84). All 90 patients eventually underwent CA and received PVAI+ posterior wall+ non‐PV triggers ablation. At 1‐year follow‐up after single procedure, 37 (63.8%) in group 1 and 19 (59.3%) patients in group 2 remained arrhythmia‐free off AAD (P = 0.68).ConclusionIn this prospective analysis, in LSPAF patients weight loss improved QoL but had no impact on symptom severity and long‐term ablation outcome.
Sex‐related relationships between uric acid and target organ damage in hypertension
Authors: Maloberti Alessandro , Maggioni Simone , Occhi Lucia , Triglione Nicola , Panzeri Francesco , Nava Stefano , Signorini Stefano , Falbo Rosanna , Casati Marco , Grassi Guido , Giannattasio Cristina 
Published: November 2017

Heterogeneous results have been obtained in the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) and target organ damage (TOD) in patients with hypertension. Clinic blood pressure, SUA, and cardiac, arterial (carotid and aortic), and renal TOD were assessed in 762 consecutive patients with hypertension. Hyperuricemia was defined as an SUA >7.0 in men and >6.0 mg/dL in women. Men with hyperuricemia compared with those with normal SUA showed lower estimated glomerular filtration rates and E/A ratios and a higher prevalence of carotid plaques. Women with hyperuricemia showed lower estimated glomerular filtration rates and E/A ratios and a higher intima‐media thickness. Except for pulse wave velocity, all TODs significantly correlated with SUA. However, at multivariate analysis, only estimated glomerular filtration rate was significantly determined by SUA. Our data provide evidence on the role of SUA in the development of TOD only in the case of renal alteration. It is likely that SUA may indirectly act on the other TODs through the increase in blood pressure and the decrease in glomerular filtration rate.
The association between paternal depressogenic cognitive styles during pregnancy and offspring depressogenic cognitive styles: an 18‐year prospective cohort study
Authors: Lewis Gemma , Wen Siying , Pearson Rebecca M. , Lewis Glyn 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundPreventing the development of depressogenic or negative cognitive styles could also prevent the development of depression, a leading public health problem worldwide. Maternal negative cognitive styles are a modifiable risk factor for the development of negative cognitive styles in offspring. However, evidence on the role of paternal negative cognitive styles is inconclusive and there have only been a few small studies, which may also have lacked statistical power.MethodsWe used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to investigate the association between paternal negative cognitive styles, measured when mothers were 18 weeks pregnant, and offspring negative cognitive styles 18 years later (N = 6,123). Associations were calculated using linear regression models, before and after adjustment for confounders including maternal negative cognitive styles. We compared associations before and after controlling for depression in parents and offspring, and used multiple imputation to reduce biases that may have arisen due to missing data.ResultsA two‐standard deviation increase in paternal negative cognitive style was associated with a 3‐point increase in offspring negative cognitive style (95% CI 1.36–4.37). This association remained after adjustment for confounders and was independent of depression in both parents and offspring. The effect size was equivalent to that of maternal negative cognitive style, and was also independent of maternal negative cognitive style.ConclusionsOur results suggest that fathers should be included in individual‐ and family‐based interventions designed to prevent the development of depressogenic cognitive styles in adolescent offspring. This could possibly also prevent the development of depression.