bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors of problematic video game use among teenagers in Sfax
Authors: Cherif L. , Sahnoun C. , Khemakhem K. , Ayadi H. , Walha A. , Moalla Y. , Hadjkacem I. , Ghribi F. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo identify correlates that might constitute risk factors for problematic video game use (PVU) among urban Tunisian secondary school students.MethodsThis multivariate cross-sectional study was carried out on 587 secondary school students, aged 14 to 20 years. They were randomly selected from seven secondary schools in the urban area of Sfax. The self-administered Fisher's nine-item questionnaire was used in this survey. To identify an associated problematic internet use video game addiction, Young's eight-item questionnaire was used. A self-administered, anonymous questionnaire covered socio-demographic, individual and family data.ResultsThe prevalence of PVU was 14.01%. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that the individual risk factors for problematic video game use were anxiety symptoms (P = 0.034) and an associated problematic Internet use (P < 0.001). Playing sport was a protective factor (P = 0.011). The poor relationships within the family (P = 0.001), the lack of parental supervision of time spent on playing video game (P < 0.001) and mother profession as mid-to upper level manager (P = 0.002), predicted PVU.ConclusionThe identification of risk factors can help to determine individuals at high risk, and alert mental health providers to be careful to screen these patients for PVU. Total avoidance of the Internet is unrealistic and inadvisable; but a sensibilisation outreach for youth, their families and health professionals may help to limit the onset of PVU among young people.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Vintage mode: Expansive paraphrenia
Authors: Landera Rodríguez R. , Gómez Revuelta M. , Juncal Ruíz M. , Santayanda Jenaro G. Pardo de , Sánchez Blanco L. , Porta Olivares O. , Fernández Rodríguez M. , López García E. , Medina Blanco R. , Martín Gutiérrez R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionParaphrenia is a poorly defined process whose uncertain origins date back to the German psychiatry mid-nineteenth century. Paraphrenia would be a subtype of schizophrenia characterized by a more benign clinical course in terms of volitional and emotional involvement. Certain types of serious sensoperceptive distortions and paranoid symptoms are characteristics of this clinical variant. Despite its diverse presentation, its chronic development and its presence in the daily lives of the patient, the overall functionality is not deeply affected.ObjectivesTo discuss the validity of this and other clinical processes based on classical clinical descriptions for diagnostic approach of our current patients, in contrast to the common use simplified concept (forgetting in ICD-10 or disappeared in American manuals).Materials and methodsClinical case a middle-aged woman diagnosed with longstanding paranoid schizophrenia who suffered from a highly systemized delusional and hallucinatory syndrome with chronic evolution after a first relapse due to abandonment of treatment, but keeping high functional performance even during phases of partial remission.ConclusionsSchizophrenia presents multiple symptomatic and prognostic paths. Classical authors named these different subtypes. Revisiting these subtypes could be useful as a complementary tool for predicting clinical outcome based on their descriptions, especially in the absence of reliable material instruments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Adherence to treatment program in mental health rehabilitation service
Authors: Martí Garnica V. , Ortega Garcia M.D. , García Pérez M.C. , Sánchez Carreño C. 
Published: June 2017

AimsAfter several years of research to improve the action of antipsychotic medication and to reduce its side effects, we have realized the importance of an accurate intake of antipsychotic medication and because of it we started up a program in our Mental Health Rehabilitation Service. Therefore, we can affirm that outpatients behavior influence their intake medication and also the efficiency of the drug prescription. The main consequence of inadequate treatment compliance is an increase in relapses and hospital admission.The aim of this program is to improve adherence to pharmacological treatment, to promote the quality of life for a better social integration, to know the use of prescribed medication, to know the health resources of the network to acquire the medication and to acquire skills for greater autonomy in the management and management of medication.MethodWe analyzed a sample of 13 outpatient diagnosed with severe mental disorder that started up into our Program “Adherence to treatment” and their stabilization (less relapses and less admissions) in two years’ time.ResultsOne of the patients have completed the aims of the program and he is living on his own, nine of them continue the program without relapses or admissions, one dropped out the program because of relapse and an another one have also completed the program but he died because of somatic disease.ConclusionsThe experience of this program in group format is positive, since patients acquire skills, knowledge and strategies in their own treatment in line with the recovery model in psychosocial rehabilitation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Intellectual developmental disorders, autism, and schizophrenia spectrum: New boundaries in the neurodevelopmental perspective
Authors: Bertelli M. , Salvador-Carulla L. , Keller R. , Bradley E. 
Published: June 2017

Background and aimRecent evidences of clinical overlap, familial co-aggregation, and shared genetic alterations support a neurodevelopmental deviation to represent a probable common vulnerability factor not only for the psychiatric disorders included in the meta-structure of neurodevelopmental disorders, but also for other major psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia.The present paper reviews the literature to identify (1) positive and negative implications of the increasing enlargement of the group of neurodevelopmental disorders and (2) most useful clinical aspect for re-defining diagnostic boundaries between syndromic groups.MethodsThe search purpose was reached through a systematic mapping of literature.ResultsThe last years’ trend to increasingly enlarge the number of psychiatric features comprised in the autism spectrum should be better evaluated for potential negative impact on research and clinical resources for those autistic syndromes more reliable with Kanner's descriptions or associated with lower personal functioning profiles and different level of ID.Crucial clinical aspects for the differentiation resulted to be age of onset, interest towards others, main positive symptoms, and anatomical anomalies of the central nervous system.ConclusionsWhile on one hand the neurodevelopmental perspective might contribute to a better understanding of the multifactorial aetiopathogenetic mechanisms underlying many psychiatric disorders and provide new intervention strategies, on the other hand it might determine a premature abandonment of the traditional nosology and the appearance of very broad spectrum conditions covering all the range of current psychopathology.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The very special way of eating for a man with a very short bowel syndrome and an ileostomy
Authors: Christodoulou I. , Tsiompanou F. , Peitsidis N. , Dounias G. , Tsakiridis I. , Kelesidou V. , Paraskevas A. 
Published: June 2017

Aim of this study is to present the extraordinary case of a 45-year-old man with very short bowel syndrome and ileostomy, who is currently engaged in a long hospitalization module of life because of the constant need for parenteral nutrition which he has developed due to Crohn's disease treatments. Case presentation: A Russian young man, with low education, a borderline intellectual functioning and a low socio-economic status, was operated numerous times due to breakouts of Crohn's disease. For the last year, he stays mostly in the hospital. Practically he needs constant intravenous parenteral nutrition due to his very short bowel syndrome, otherwise he cannot live outside the hospital. The patient was advised by his surgeon to eat any kind of food but had the limitation to drink not more than 500 ml of water per day, (the rest of water was taken IV). During the first months, the patient seemed willing to do anything needed, but when he started to get tired, he started to drink more than 2 litres of water per day, ignoring his doctor's advice. One of his main problems was that he was able to see that eggs, meat and other food he was eating were very soon appearing in the ileostomy bag and this led him to think that he would die soon. Neither the patient himself nor his wife and relatives asked for help from supervisory bodies of the National Health System and are not at all aware of his need for transplantation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The relationship between personality disorders and substance abuse disorders
Authors: Goretti S. , Sanchéz M.D.C. Sanchéz , Borja P. Lucas , Rivera G. Bautista , Lara M. Rodríguez 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionA frequently observed fact in clinical practice is the relationship between Substance Abuse Disorders and Personality Disorders (PD). Epidemiological investigations have found that diagnoses of PD seem to increase vulnerability to other pathologies, including substance abuse and addiction, and it is possible to speak of comorbidity or dual pathology.ObjectiveTo describe the comorbidity between PD and substance abuse disorders.MethodsSystematic review of the literature on the subject. The databases consulted were Dialnet, Pubmed and Cochrane.ResultsThe various studies allow estimating that between 65% and 90% of subjects treated for substance abuse or dependence have at least one concomitant PT. Studies show a higher prevalence of Cluster C for alcohol consumption and Histrionic, Narcissistic, Boundary and Antisocial Disorders (Cluster B) for illegal drugs, mainly cocaine. Cluster B is the one that the literature has most related to substance use. It is also the group in which there is a greater predominance of impulsivity, which would be worth remembering its role as a vulnerability factor for addictions.ConclusionsWhat the research has shown is that a good deal of the problems that accompany substance use come from dysfunctional patterns of behavior that are maintained over time with high stability and can justify, in part, both the persistence of The addictive behavior as the difficulty of handling the patients who present them. At present, although the high comorbidity between TP and substance use is sufficiently documented, many questions still remain to be solved.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric comorbidities in temporal lobe epilepsy: A case study
Authors: Jouini L. , Ouali U. , Zaouche R. , Jomli R. , Zgueb Y. , Nacef F. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychiatric disorders frequently occur in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) (70%). This combination further reduces the quality of life of patients as diagnosis is difficult and therapeutic opportunities are often missed.ObjectivesThe aim of this case study is to show the possible association between TLE and psychiatric semiology and its therapeutic implications.MethodsPresentation of the clinical case of Mr BH who experienced psychosis like symptoms, was finally diagnosed with TLE and put under anti-epileptic drugs.ResultsMr BH, aged 22, with no family or personal history, was admitted for aggressive behavior, self-harm, pyromania, and depression. Three years prior to onset of psychiatric symptoms, he reports episodes of pulsatile- left-temporal headache followed by hypertonic movements of the neck. Symptoms were intermittently followed by total amnesia or impaired consciousness. The patient explained symptoms by an inner presence that he called “his twin” and to whom he attributed those behaviors contrary to his will. The discovery of bilateral hippocampal atrophy in magnetic resonance imaging with a normal electroencephalography suggested the diagnosis of TLE with post-ictal psychotic disorders. Patient was put initially on diazepam and olanzapine with partial improvement. Association of valproate led to progressive but then complete disappearance of symptoms and so confirmed our diagnosis.ConclusionsIt is often difficult to attach psychiatric symptoms to epilepsy. The diagnosis should be done on a set of clinical, radiological and electrical arguments.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cancer and serious mental illness: A qualitative exploration–findings
Authors: Millman J. , Galway K. , Santin O. , Reid J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSerious mental illness (SMI) is associated with poorer cancer outcomes. Reasons for such inequalities are unclear; those with this comorbidity receive fewer specialist interventions and die earlier than the general population. Further exploratory work is required.ObjectivesExploring the experience of SMI and cancer from the perspective of those affected by this comorbidity and those caring for them professionally or informally.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were conducted with ‘key patients’ living with SMI who had received a cancer diagnosis (n = 7), significant others who had supported key patients (n = 4) and healthcare professionals who had worked with at least one KP (n = 17). A panel of patients and professionals ratified interview guides. Interviews were analysed thematically.ResultsMental health professionals were more confident in their knowledge of the needs of this population than oncology professionals, but were challenged by working with patients with major physical health needs. Key patients’ mental health appeared to remain stable after cancer diagnosis, and they expressed altruism towards others with comorbid cancer and SMI. Significant others and healthcare professionals were more likely to critique systemic aspects of care than were key patients.ConclusionsProfessionals feel challenged when working outside of their usual job role. Training needs include mental illness awareness in an oncology setting. Improved coordination and communication is required, encompassing significant others as well as professional groups. SMI may protect against the psychological impact of cancer. Key patients were keen to provide advice and support to others in similar situations. Further research is needed into these areas.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychosomatic process in patients with dissociative mental disorders
Authors: Axenov M. , Perchatkina O. , Kostin A. , Nikitina V. 
Published: June 2017

Present days are characterized by increased level of various psychosomatic disorders among different populations in economically developing counties. Moreover every mental disease contains somatic symptoms and these symptoms may interfere in whole picture, change the diagnostic schedule. In case of mild disorders patient's reaction to somatic disease was mostly hysteric: exaggeration of pathological sensations, suggestibility and self-suggestibility. Whole picture of the neurosis was very colourful, dynamical, with instable pathological manifestations, intention to draw one's attention.Transition to long-term variant of dynamics mental disorder was accompanied by concentration on the smallest somatic sensations, seeking benefit from a disease state, “flight into the illness”, nosophilia. We identified prominent increase of hypochondriac symptoms in the group of patients with long course of dissociative disorders (33.4%) as compared with the group of acute and sub-acute course of the disorder (11.4%).In patients with long course of dissociative disorders we observed accumulation of somatic pathology, in most cases one patient suffered from different somatic diseases. Increasing of rate of hypertension (31.33%) and different dishormonal disorders (37.5%) was the most prominent.In psychological “portrait” of the patients with psychosomatic disorders we identified the great number of combinations of pathocharacterologic traits, creating the patient's “facade”, complicating interactions and compliance with physicians and psychiatrists.Interactions between features of mental disorders and somatic disorders, psychological stress appear to us to be rather close. Presence of the somatic process leads to chronification of the neuroses, “flight into the illness”, decrease of dependence of clinical dynamics on psychogenics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Quality of life and its relationship with illness representations in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Authors: Gassara I. , Thabet J. Ben , Msaad S. , Yaich S. , Medhaffar K. , Omri S. , Maalej M. , Charfi N. , Zouari N. , Zouari L. , Kammoun S. , Maalej M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionObstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a highly widespread sleep-related breathing disorder that leads to serious impairment in quality of life (QOL).ObjectivesWe aimed to assess QOL in patients with OSAS and to investigate its relationship with illness representations.MethodsWe performed an analytical cross-sectional study of 87 recently diagnosed OSAS patients. Apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was determined by an overnight polysomnography. Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). QOL was assessed by the 36-item short form health survey (SF-36). Illness representations were measured by the Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire (B-IPQ); High scores reveal a more threatening perception of the illness.ResultsMean age of the participants was 55.7 years (SD = 11.6). According to the AHI, 70,1% of the patients had severe OSAS, and 16.1% had moderate OSAS. The mean score of the SF-36 was 40.2 (SD = 18.7). Overall QOL was impaired in 87.7% of the patients. There was a considerable decrease in both mental and physical QOL. EDS was associated with impairment in mental QOL. Illness representations were negatively correlated with overall QOL (r = - 0.45; P < 0.01). No relationship was found between QOL and illness severity.ConclusionThe present study provides evidence that OSAS has serious influence on QOL of patients, which could be mediated by negative illness perception. So it is extremely important to know how OSAS sufferers perceive their illness to better understand their coping behavior and to improve their adherence to treatment and their QOL.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Treating out of the box: A psychiatry for all!
Authors: Jouini L. , Homri W. , Mrabet A. , Zaouche R. , Labbane R. , Meddeb B. , Gouider E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychiatrists used to focus on some chronic illness such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, non–psychiatric chronic illness also need psychiatric follow-up. Indeed, the reciprocal impact of chronic illness and depression is becoming increasingly clear. There is evidence that living with a chronic illness can increase the risk for depression and that depression can impair the quality of life (QoL).ObjectivesWe aim to assess the prevalence of depression in a chronic disease such as hemophilia and to evaluate the patients’ QoL.MethodsThirty-seven adults from the hemophilia treatment center were screened for depression using the Hamilton Scale for Depression. QoL was assessed using the norm based scores of the SF-36. When the group's score was below 47, the quality of life was below the average.ResultsThe average age of our population was 26.5 years. 46% were married, 27% achieved a superior level of education and 30% were jobless. Good social and professional integration were reported in 70% and 76% respectively. 77% of our sample had depressive symptoms which were mild (30%), moderate (24%) or severe (13%). The physical and mental Component Scores (PCS and MCS) of the SF-36 scored 46.48 and 43.45 respectively. PCS and MCS were significantly lower in patients with depressive symptoms (P = 0.002/P = 0.048). However, depressive symptoms and SF-36 scores did not differ according to education level, marital and professional status.ConclusionsPsychiatrists should be aware of the psychological impact of general chronic illness. Psychiatric consultations must be implemented in every general hospital.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Association of blood pressure with anxiety and depression in a sample of primary care patients
Authors: Sacchetti A. , Mattei G. , Bursi S. , Padula M.S. , Rioli G. , Ferrari S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAccording to international scientific literature, and as summarized in the guidelines of the International Society of Hypertension, lowering of blood pressure can prevent cardiovascular accidents. Some studies suggest that hypertension, anxiety, and depression might be inversely correlated.ObjectiveTo investigate whether blood pressure is associated with anxiety and depression.MethodsCross-sectional design. Male and female primary care patients were enrolled, aged 40–80. Criteria of exclusion adopted: use of antidepressants or antipsychotics; previous major cardiovascular event; psychosis or major depression; Type 1-DM; pregnancy and hereditary disease associated to obesity. Anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed using HADS. Waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure, HDL, triglycerides, blood sugar, hypertension, albumin concentrations and serum iron were also assessed.ResultsOf the 210 subjects, 84 were men (40%), mean age was 60.88 (SD ± 10.88). Hypertension was found to correlate significantly to anxiety (OR = 0.38; 95% CI = 0.17–0.84), older age (OR = 3.96; 95% CI = 1.88–8.32), cigarette smoking (OR = 0.35; 95%CI = 0.13–0.94), high Body Mass Index (OR = 2.50; 95% CI = 1.24–5.01), Waist-hip ratio (OR = 0.09; 95% CI = 0.02–0.46) and the Index of comorbidity (OR = 16.93; 95% CI = 3.71–77.29).ConclusionsAn inverse association was found between anxiety and hypertension, suggesting the need to clinically manage these two dimensions in a coordinated way. Other findings are well known and already included in prevention campaigns. Further research is needed, also to better understand and explain the causative pathways of this correlation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.