bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On-Line Cable Diagnostic Possibilities in an Artificial Aging Environment
Authors: C. Freitag  , C. Weindl  , I. Mladenovic  
Published: May 2017

Since more than a decade the development of reliable and accurate diagnostic tools for power cables is in the centre of interest of scientists and power utilities. With the de-velopments in our power systems, like the increasing feed-in of renewable energy sources, several issues could be additionally generated, such as extreme concurrence factors, short- and long-duration variations, voltage imbalances, waveform distortions, voltage fluctuations and power frequency variations. These impacts affect the aging rapidity of the electrical equipment and finally of the entire the electrical distribution network. Using appropriate diagnostic methods, it is possible to determine the electrical equipment’s condition. The significance of the results depends on the quality of the measurement system and of the data interpretation. Based on these results, a reliable mainte-nance and investment strategy could be made, and the reliability of the grid could be improved. With this goal, an accelerated aging project for MV PILC (paper insulated lead covered) cables was started. A specially designed aging system for the acceler-ated aging of MV cables has been developed to point out the most relevant aging parameters, their limits, their development and to upgrade the accuracy of the MV cable diagnostics in this way. In this paper, the diagnostic possibilities, mainly the dielec-tric loss factor measurement and its dependence on environ-mental influences are presented.
Optimal Dispatch of a Multiple Energy Carrier System Equipped With a CCHP
Authors: A.Sheikhi,  , A.M.Ranjbar  , F.Safe  
Published: May 2017

With the development of distributed generation (DG) technologies and the implementation of policies to encourage their applications, The Combined Cooling, Heating, and Power (CCHP) systems is expected to play a greater role in the commercial buildings in the future. CCHP is a promising efficiency improvement and car-bon mitigation strategy, but careful operation mode is required to achieve a reasonable system performance according to energy con-sumption characteristics of buildings and technical features of equipments [1]. This paper presents an energy dispatch method which minimizes the cost of energy (e.g., cost of electricity from the grid and cost of natu-ral gas into the gas turbine and boiler) base on the energy hub con-cept and by regarding carbon market rules. The system includes combined heating power (CHP) module, auxiliary boiler, absorption chiller, utility grid and electrical, thermal, and cooling loads. In fact, by solving this model, optimal energy flow will be determined re-garding both the amounts of electric, thermal, and cooling loads in each time interval and prices of electricity and natural gas at the same time, by considering environmental constrains. In the cost function of this model, the total economic benefit of this system is maximized during total daily operation time. The results of an optimal operation model have been discussed eco-nomically and a case study has been investigated.
Control Laws to Improve Efficiency and Average Life Time of an Adaptive Multi-Phases Converter Dedicated to Photovoltaic Applications
Authors: A. Berasategi  , Y. El Basri  , C. Cabal  , B. Estibals  , M. Vermeersch  , C. Alonso  
Published: May 2017

In this paper, an Adaptive Multi-PhasesConverter (AMPC) is used as an adaptation stage to improve the efficiency and reliability of a photovoltaic power conversion chain. We present a control law which guarantees high conversion efficiency, even in the presence of constantly changing operating point which is principal characteristic of the photovoltaic system . Another control law which consists in the rotations of phases of the converter is also presented. This rotation guarantees a homogeneous aging, increasing the average life time of the converter. Guidelines of these control laws are presented. An experimental prototype has been designed to evaluate the performances of this proposed adaptation stage.
Synchronization of a single-phase wind energy generator with the low-voltage utility grid
Authors: Nader Anani  , Omar Al-Kharji Al-Ali  , P. Ponnapalli  , S.R. Al-Araji  , M. Al-Qutayri  
Published: May 2017

This paper presents a new circuit topology of aphase-locked loop that can be used for synchronising a single-phase wind turbine generator (WTG) with the low voltage utility grid. The circuit is based on the time-delay digital tanlock loop (TDTL) architecture and was modelled and simulated using Simulink/MATLAB. The results presented demonstrate the ability of the circuit not only to synchronise a WTG with the grid, but also to re-gain synchronization following a sudden disturbance in the grid voltage. The simulated disturbances included a ramp and a multi-step change in the phase of the grid voltage waveform.
A Step-By-Step Tracking Program for a String of Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: N. I. Tatu  , C. Alexandru  , V. E. Dombi  
Published: May 2017

The objective of this paper is to create a step-by-step tracking program which assures an increased energetic efficiency for a string of photovoltaic (PV) modules. This is achieved through various calculations, having as parameters: the solar angles, solar time, day of the year and turbidity factor, following to capture the maximum solar radiation, but with a small angular domain of the daily angle. For a motion law with high precision, the year is split into 8 time intervals and for each one it is found the optimum fixed elevation angle with the according daily angle field.
The effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria
Authors: Unegbu Valentine N , Nwachukwu Ndubuisi O , Ugbo Emmanuel N , Ekennia Anthony C 
Published: May 2017

The sale and consumption of sachet water is common in Owerri metropolis because the consumers believed it was safer than tap or borehole water.The aim of this study was to assess the effects of storage on the bacteriological quality of sachet water produced, sold and consumed within Owerri metropolis, Imo State, Nigeria. Fifteen sachet water brands were investigated for a period of four months. They were collected within 24 hours of production and stored at ambient temperature for four months. Samples were taken on monthly basis for enumeration of total aerobic heterotrophic bacteria and indicator organisms using APHA and WHO analytical methods. Bacteriological analysis showed that Clets brand had the highest Total heterotrophic bacterial count of 5.7X101cfu/ml, followed by Elevated and Crystal while Ricano had the least count of 3.2x101cfu/ml. Total heterotrophic bacteria and total coliform count decreased gradually in all brands throughout this period. Escherichia coli was isolated in three brands. Results from the research indicates that 60% of the brands analyzed met the WHO guideline limit for drinking when stored at ambient temperature within eight weeks period. However, storage beyond this period led to diminished potability of sachet water
Years of potential life lost due to motorcycle accidents
Authors: Fernandes Flávia Emília Cavalcante Valença , Melo Rosana Alves de , Lemos Roseane Da Silva , Xavier Saulo Bezerra , Santos Joebson Maurílio Alves dos , Arruda Rodrigo Gomes de , Caldas Júnior Arnaldo De França , Menezes Tatiane Almeida de 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Traffic accidents represent a serious public health problem, because they kill approximately 1.24 million persons annually, and leave another 20 to 50 million with non-fatal lesions and traumatisms worldwide. In Brazil, in the year 2011, motorcyclists alone were responsible for one third of these deaths. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the years of potential life lost due to motorcycle accidents, according to sex and age group, and analyze the trend of the indicator for the state of Pernambuco in the period from 2005 to 2014.
Methods and Results an ecological study based on data from the System of Information about Mortality was used. The indicator and rate were calculated by using the age limit of 70 years. The linear regression model and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used, at the level of significance of 5% and confidence of 95%. The most affected sex and age-range were men between 20-29 years of age. The rates followed a trend of growth in both sexes, in the young population with the exception of those from 10 to 19 years of age.
Conclusions: This context points out the magnitude and precociousness of motorcycle accidents in both sexes and the young population.
Care Network For The Elderly With Alzheimer’s Disease In The View Of Primary Care Nurses
Authors: Nogueira Matheus Figuereido , Costa Ana Rafaella Araújo , Alves Maria Do Socorro Costa Feitosa , Trigueiro Janaína Vön Sohsten , Andrade Luciana Dantas Farias De , Freire Roberta De Miranda Henriques , Medeiros Ana Camila Araújo De , Antunes Maria Josenilda Félix Sousa , Lucena Irapuan Medeiros De , Costa Rita De Cássia Araújo , Costa Nathália Nagle Araújo , Correa Luana Caroline De Assunçao Cortez , Medeiros Genário Cristino Dantas De , Pinheiro Magda Ione 
Published: May 2017

Objective: to build a care network for the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease from the view of nurses of the Family Health Strategy (FHS).
Method: exploratory qualitative study, developed with seven nurses from the FHS in the city of Santa Cruz, state of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. After obtaining a favorable opinion of the Ethics Committee of the Alcides Carneiro University Hospital (CAAE nº 31307314.9.0000.5182), data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed according to the Collective Subject Discourse.
Results: for an effective care network to the elderly with Alzheimer, some elements are necessary, such as: care in the three levels of complexity, family support, complementary diagnostic center, pharmaceutical services, continuing education, intersectionality and group of caregivers.
Conclusions: when the care to the elderly with Alzheimer’s disease is performed in an articulated manner between the multiples axes that compose the network, it clarifies the caring process, facilitates the decision making, directs care, guarantee a comprehensive care and greatly reduce the deficits associated with this disease.
Key-Words: Alzheimer’s disease; Family Health Strategy; Health Care Network.
Bionomia comparada dos serradores, <i>Oncideres saga saga</i> (Dalman, 1823) e <i>Oncideres dejeani</i> (Thomson, 1868) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) em <i>Parapiptadenia rigida</i>.
Authors: Link Dionísio , Costa Ervandil Corrêa , Thum Adriane Brill 
Published: May 2017

Alguns parâmetros biológicos dos serradores, Oncideres saga saga (Dalman, 1823) e O. dejeani (Thomson, 1868) sobre angico-vermelho, Parapiptadenia rigida (Leguminosae) foram comparados, em Santa Maria - RS. Analisou-se as dimensões do orifício de emergência do imago, diâmetro dos galhos cortados, comprimento e volume da galeria larval-pupal. As duas espécies de serrador apresentaram orifício de emergência do adulto de formato quase circular, dimensões similares e desenvolvem-se em galhos de diferentes diâmetros. O. s. saga construiu galerias de maior comprimento e consumiu maior volume de madeira que O. dejeani.
La sojización en Argentina y Brasil (1980/2014): influencia de las políticas públicas, de las empresas transnacionales y de la estructura económica dependiente
Authors: Pierri José , Wesz Junior Valdemar João 
Published: May 2017

Al largo de las últimas décadas, la soja se convirtió en la principal actividad agrícola en Brasil y Argentina. Este trabajo, partiendo de un enfoque histórico-político, procura evidenciar los principales condicionantes de la expansión de la soja en los dos países, enfatizando la influencia del factor externo (demanda y precio internacional), las diferentes políticas públicas y las grandes empresas transnacionales. Estos elementos procuran ir más allá de los argumentos que cifran en el espíritu empresario y el funcionamiento estricto de mecanismos de libre mercado como impulsores de la “sojización”, que muchas veces predomina en los discursos de las entidades representativas de los productores primarios, agroindustria y de algunos investigadores vinculados al sector agrario. La investigación realiza una revisión bibliográfica del tema y analiza noticias publicadas en distintos periódicos y datos estadísticas oficiales de los dos países.
An approach towards the reconstruction of regulatory networks
Authors: Pereira Rafael Teodósio , Costa Hugo , Mendes Rui 
Published: May 2017

Currently, one of the main issues addressed in the bioinformatics field is understanding the structure and behaviour of complex molecular interaction networks. Since most of the information available belongs to biomedical literature, a large part of this task entails selecting the relevant articles from a large body of papers. However, due to the rapidly increasing number of scientific papers, it is quite difficult to read all the papers that have been published about this subject. In order to accomplish this, this work is focused on developing methods for retrieving information from biological databases, gathering as much information as possible; to create an integrated repository, that is able to store and load this data and also to design a pipeline to allow the reconstruction of regulatory networks through using Biomedical Text Mining techniques.
Synthesis of public water supply use in the United States: Spatio‐temporal patterns and socio‐economic controls
Authors: Sankarasubramanian A. , Sabo J. L. , Larson K. L. , Seo S. B. , Sinha T. , Bhowmik R. , Vidal A. Ruhi , Kunkel K. , Mahinthakumar G. , Berglund E. Z. , Kominoski J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRecent U.S. Geological Survey water‐use report suggests that increasing water‐use efficiency could mitigate the supply‐and‐demand imbalance arising from changing climate and growing population. However, this rich data have neither analyzed to understand the underlying patterns, nor have been investigated to identify the factors contributing to this increased efficiency. A national‐scale synthesis of public supply withdrawals (“withdrawals”) reveals a strong North–south gradient in public supply water use with the increasing population in the South contributing to increased withdrawal. Contrastingly, a reverse South–north gradient exists in per capita withdrawals (“efficiency”), with northern states consistently improving the efficiency, while the southern states' efficiency declined. Our analyses of spatial patterns of per capita withdrawals further demonstrate that urban counties exhibit improved efficiency over rural counties. Improved efficiency is also demonstrated over high‐income and well‐educated counties. Given the potential implications of the findings in developing long‐term water conservation measures (i.e., increasing block rates), we argue the need for frequent updates, perhaps monthly to annual, of water‐use data for identifying effective strategies that control the water‐use efficiency in various geographic settings under a changing climate.
Recent advances in understanding secondary organic aerosol: Implications for global climate forcing
Authors: Shrivastava Manish , Cappa Christopher D. , Fan Jiwen , Goldstein Allen H. , Guenther Alex B. , Jimenez Jose L. , Kuang Chongai , Laskin Alexander , Martin Scot T. , Ng Nga Lee , Petaja Tuukka , Pierce Jeffrey R. , Rasch Philip J. , Roldin Pontus , Seinfeld John H. , Shilling John , Smith James N. , Thornton Joel A. , Volkamer Rainer , Wang Jian , Worsnop Douglas R. , Zaveri Rahul A. , Zelenyuk Alla , Zhang Qi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAnthropogenic emissions and land use changes have modified atmospheric aerosol concentrations and size distributions over time. Understanding preindustrial conditions and changes in organic aerosol due to anthropogenic activities is important because these features (1) influence estimates of aerosol radiative forcing and (2) can confound estimates of the historical response of climate to increases in greenhouse gases. Secondary organic aerosol (SOA), formed in the atmosphere by oxidation of organic gases, represents a major fraction of global submicron‐sized atmospheric organic aerosol. Over the past decade, significant advances in understanding SOA properties and formation mechanisms have occurred through measurements, yet current climate models typically do not comprehensively include all important processes. This review summarizes some of the important developments during the past decade in understanding SOA formation. We highlight the importance of some processes that influence the growth of SOA particles to sizes relevant for clouds and radiative forcing, including formation of extremely low volatility organics in the gas phase, acid‐catalyzed multiphase chemistry of isoprene epoxydiols, particle‐phase oligomerization, and physical properties such as volatility and viscosity. Several SOA processes highlighted in this review are complex and interdependent and have nonlinear effects on the properties, formation, and evolution of SOA. Current global models neglect this complexity and nonlinearity and thus are less likely to accurately predict the climate forcing of SOA and project future climate sensitivity to greenhouse gases. Efforts are also needed to rank the most influential processes and nonlinear process‐related interactions, so that these processes can be accurately represented in atmospheric chemistry‐climate models.
Regional patterns of future runoff changes from Earth system models constrained by observation
Authors: Yang Hui , Zhou Feng , Piao Shilong , Huang Mengtian , Chen Anping , Ciais Philippe , Li Yue , Lian Xu , Peng Shushi , Zeng Zhenzhong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change assessment, multimodel ensembles (arithmetic model averaging, AMA) were constructed with equal weights given to Earth system models, without considering the performance of each model at reproducing current conditions. Here we use Bayesian model averaging (BMA) to construct a weighted model ensemble for runoff projections. Higher weights are given to models with better performance in estimating historical decadal mean runoff. Using the BMA method, we find that by the end of this century, the increase of global runoff (9.8 ± 1.5%) under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5 is significantly lower than estimated from AMA (12.2 ± 1.3%). BMA presents a less severe runoff increase than AMA at northern high latitudes and a more severe decrease in Amazonia. Runoff decrease in Amazonia is stronger than the intermodel difference. The intermodel difference in runoff changes is mainly caused not only by precipitation differences among models, but also by evapotranspiration differences at the high northern latitudes.
Cladribine to treat disease exacerbation after fingolimod discontinuation in progressive multiple sclerosis
Authors: Alvarez‐Gonzalez Cesar , Adams Ashok , Mathews Joela , Turner Benjamin P. , Giovannoni Gavin , Baker David , Schmierer Klaus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRebound disease following cessation of disease modifying treatment (DMT) has been reported in people with both relapsing and progressive multiple sclerosis (pwRMS, pwPMS) questioning strict separation between these two phenotypes. While licensed DMT is available for pwRMS to counter rebound disease, no such option exists for pwPMS. We report on a pwPMS who developed rebound disease, with 45 Gadolinium‐enhancing lesions on T1 weighted MRI brain, within 6 months after fingolimod 0.5 mg/day was stopped. Treatment with a short course of subcutaneous cladribine 60 mg led to effective suppression of inflammatory activity and partial recovery with no short‐term safety issues or adverse events.
Understanding the relationship between olfactory‐specific quality of life, objective olfactory loss, and patient factors in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Mattos Jose L. , Schlosser Rodney J. , Storck Kristina A. , Soler Zachary M. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) significantly impacts olfaction. However, the relationship between objective olfaction and patient‐reported olfactory‐specific quality of life (QOL) is not well understood. Furthermore, objective olfactory testing can be time consuming, so we sought to determine if patient‐reported olfactory QOL can be used as screening tool for olfactory dysfunction.MethodsOlfactory dysfunction was evaluated in 109 patients with CRS using the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders–Negative Statements (QOD‐NS) and the Sniffin’ Sticks Test, assessing for olfactory threshold, discrimination, identification, and overall composite scores (TDI; composite score of threshold, discrimination, and identification). Regression analysis was performed to correlate olfactory metrics and patient and disease‐specific factors with QOD‐NS scores. Optimal QOD‐NS scores to classify patients based upon objective olfactory function were established.ResultsBivariate and multivariate regression analyses of QOD‐NS and CRS‐associated comorbidities, objective measures of disease, demographics, and CRS‐specific QOL were performed. Non‐white race, depression, and worse 22‐item Sino‐Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT‐22) scores correlated with worse QOD‐NS scores (p < 0.005). Worse TDI scores correlated with worse QOD‐NS scores, and discrimination had the strongest correlation (p < 0.001). Mean ± standard deviation (SD) QOD‐NS scores for normosmia, hyposmia, and anosmia were 44 ± 7.2, 35.7 ± 12.8, and 31.6 ± 10.7, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed an area under the curve of 0.770 (p < 0.001), and a QOD‐NS cutoff of 38.5 to have maximal Youden's index to define normal vs abnormal TDI score.ConclusionIn CRS, QOD‐NS correlates with non‐white race, depression, SNOT‐22, and TDI score, with discrimination having the strongest correlation. The QOD‐NS also appears to be a feasible tool for olfaction screening.
Eine NiAs‐artige Hochdruckmodifikation von FeN
Authors: Clark William P. , Steinberg Simon , Dronskowski Richard , McCammon Catherine , Kupenko Ilya , Bykov Maxim , Dubrovinsky Leonid , Akselrud Lev G. , Schwarz Ulrich , Niewa Rainer 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDurch Kombination von Laser‐geheizten Diamantstempelzellen mit Synchrotron‐Mößbauer‐Spektroskopie wurden die chemischen Hochtemperatur‐Hochdruck‐Reaktionen von Eisen und Eisennitrid, Fe2N, mit Stickstoff untersucht. Nach Erhitzen bei 1300 K bei Drücken über 10 GPa zeigte deutliche magnetische Hyperfeinaufspaltung die Bildung einer neuen Verbindung an. Anschließende röntgenographische In‐situ‐Analysen ergaben eine neue FeN‐Modifikation im NiAs‐Strukturtyp, deren Gesamtenergie und Bindungssituation über quantenchemische Methoden bestimmt wurden.