bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Teacher-principal race and teacher satisfaction over time, region
Authors: Viano Samantha L. , B. Hunter Seth 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to replicate prior findings on teacher-principal race congruence and teacher job satisfaction and extend the literature by investigating trends over time and if the relationship between race congruence and teacher job satisfaction differs by principal race and region.Design/methodology/approachThe study sample comes from four waves of cross-sectional data, the nationally representative Schools and Staffing Survey, administered between 2000 and 2012. The analysis is conducted using ordinary least squares and school-year fixed effects with a comprehensive set of covariates.FindingsThe relationship between race congruence and teacher job satisfaction is attenuating over time and is likely explained by the lower job satisfaction of white teachers who work for black principals. Some evidence indicates teacher-principal race congruence has greater salience in the Southern region of the country. Find evidence that teachers with race-congruent principals report more workplace support than their non-race congruent colleagues.Research limitations/implicationsFuture studies should investigate why racial congruence has more salience in the Southern region of the country and for white teachers who work with black principals. At the same time, results indicate that teacher-principal race congruence might no longer be a determinant of teacher job satisfaction, although further studies should continue investigating this relationship.Originality/valueFindings on the changing nature of the relationship between principal-teacher race congruence and teacher job satisfaction over time as well as the differing nature of race congruence in the Southern region of the country are both novel findings in the literature.
Analyzing heterogeneity on the value, satisfaction, word-of-mouth relationship in retailing
Authors: Fuentes-Blasco María , Moliner-Velázquez Beatriz , Gil-Saura Irene 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The literature recognizes the need to study differences in consumer behavior in highly competitive and dynamic markets. In this paper, the authors look at how the heterogeneous evaluation of retailing influences customer satisfaction and loyalty. The purpose of this paper is to analyze unobserved heterogeneity on customer value dimensions perceptions in retail establishments, and their potential effects on positive forms of behavioral outcomes considering customer satisfaction as a mediating variable.

Design/methodology/approach
On a sample of 820 retail customers, the authors apply a finite mixture structural equation modeling that analyzes unobserved heterogeneity simultaneously. In this model, the authors study the influence of heterogeneous perceptions of excellence, efficiency, entertainment and aesthetics on customer satisfaction and of satisfaction on word-of-mouth (WOM) referral and WOM activity.

Findings
The results show two latent segments where the intensity of causal relations varies, which means that the effect of value dimensions and satisfaction are over or underestimated when heterogeneity is ignored.

Originality/value
The main value of the paper has been to analyze the potential heterogeneity of value dimensions (intravariable approach), and their links with satisfaction and some dimensions of loyalty (intervariable approach). Customer heterogeneity must be studied to understand the satisfaction process and WOM responses in order to design more efficient and effective relationship marketing strategies.
Distribution of CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 amino acid substitution alleles in South Indian diabetes patients: A genotypic and computational protein phenotype study
Authors: Rao Durga Koteswara , Murthy Dwaraknath K , Shaik Nazia Sultana , Banaganapalli Babajan , Konda Kumaraswami , Rao Hanmantha P , Ganti Eswar , Ahmed Awan Zuhair , A El‐Harouni Ashraf , Elango Ramu , Ali Khan Imran , Shaik Noor Ahmad 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe CYP2C8 and CYP2C9 are two major isoforms of the cytochrome P450 enzyme family, which is involved in drug response, detoxification, and disease development. This study describes the differential distribution of amino acid substitution variants of CYP2C8 (*2‐I269F & *3‐R139K) and CYP2C9 (*2‐C144R & *3‐L359A) genes in 234 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients and 218 healthy controls from Andhra Pradesh, South India. Single locus genotype analysis has revealed that homozygous recessive genotypes of 2C8*2‐TT (P ≤ .03), 2C9*2‐TT (P ≤ .02), and heterozygous 2C9*3‐AC (P ≤ .006) are seen to be increasingly present in the case group, indicating a significant level of their association with diabetes in Andhra population. The statistical significance of these recessive genotypes has persisted even under their corresponding allelic forms (P ≤ .01). Genotype association results were further examined by computational protein structure and stability analysis to assess the deleteriousness of the amino acid changes. The mutant CYP 2C8 and 2C9 (both *2 and *3) proteins showed structural drifts at both amino acid residue (range 0.43Å‐0.77Å), and polypeptide chain levels (range 0.68Å‐1.81Å) compared to their wild‐type counterparts. Furthermore, the free energy value differences (range –0.915 to –1.38 Kcal/mol) between mutant and native protein structures suggests the deleterious and destabilizing potential of amino acid substitution polymorphisms of CYP genes. The present study confirms the variable distribution of CYP2C8 (*2 and *3) and CYP2C9 (*2 and *3) allelic polymorphisms among South Indian diabetic populations and further warrants the serious attention of CYP gene family, as a putative locus for disease risk assessment and therapy.
Follow‐up after intensive care treatment: a questionnaire survey of intensive care aftercare in Denmark
Authors: Kjer C. K. W. , Estrup S. , Poulsen L. M. , Mathiesen O. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundRehabilitation efforts after treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) are termed intensive care aftercare. It includes both early in‐hospital follow‐up after ICU‐discharge and late follow‐up after hospital discharge. This study aims to investigate the current ICU‐aftercare activities in Denmark.MethodsWe conducted an electronic questionnaire survey, which was distributed by e‐mail to the heads of all 31 general ICUs in Denmark. Specialized ICUs were not included. The questionnaire was divided into the following sections: early ICU‐aftercare, late ICU‐aftercare, future development and demographics.ResultsThirty‐one ICUs were invited to participate. The response rate was 100%. Overall, 26 of 31 ICUs (84%) offered ICU‐aftercare, with the following distribution: early ICU‐aftercare (58%), late ICU‐aftercare (57%) and both (29%). There were no significant associations between hospital size and provision of ICU‐aftercare. For early ICU‐aftercare, the most common eligibility criteria were based on ICU length of stay (LOS) (44%) and a decision based upon doctors' discretion (22%). Incidence of guidelines for early ICU‐aftercare (44%) and checklists at patient contact (35%) were sparse. The most common early ICU‐aftercare items were as follows: respiratory care (82%), tracheostomy care (59%) and nutritional care (59%). For late ICU‐aftercare, the most common eligibility criterion was LOS (41%). Guidelines (71%), but not checklist at patient contact (35%), were more common. Most frequent late ICU‐aftercare interventions were review of ICU‐diaries (59%) and patient charts (53%).ConclusionEighty‐four per cent of Danish ICUs offered ICU‐aftercare to their patients. There was an abundant heterogeneity of eligibility criteria and ICU‐aftercare interventions.
Post‐reintroduction distribution and habitat preferences of a spatially limited island bird species
Authors: Massaro M. , Chick A. , Kennedy E. S. , Whitsed R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInvestigating habitat use and preferences of a threatened species can be challenging, especially if wild populations have decreased to such low numbers that they occupy only fractions of their former natural range. Hence, assessing habitat suitability of a potential release site for a threatened speciesbeforea reintroduction attempt can be difficult because frequently no comparable baseline data are available. In these instances, post‐release monitoring data can inform about habitat use and preferences of a reintroduced species. Here, we use monitoring data of an endangered endemic island bird, the Chatham Island black robinPetroica traversi, to investigate habitat preferences and the temporal change in distribution patterns across 26 years following a reintroduction. We show that densities and distribution of black robin pairs at the reintroduction site have changed significantly over the years. Spatial distribution of pairs is clustered, and this clustering has intensified as the population increased. We used the maximum entropy method MaxEnt to model habitat suitability on the island, showing that black robins clearly prefer forested areas inland that are within 70 m to the forest edge at lower elevations (<40 m a.s.l.) and on slopes that have a N‐NEaspect. The model also identified one area on the island that comprises suitable habitat, but is currently uninhabited. Applying maximum observed densities to the available area of each suitability class, carrying capacity is estimated as 170 nesting pairs across the island, highlighting the need to find further appropriate habitat urgently. Overall, these topographical and habitat preferences considerably restrict this species' potential distribution, a constraint that has serious conservation implications for future population growth of current populations and (re)introductions to new locations. This study demonstrates that post‐release data can reveal relevant limitations to habitat use of highly threatened species.
Population dynamics and seasonal variation in the embryonic dormancy of Pilophorus gallicus (Hemiptera: Miridae): ‘don't put all your eggs in one basket'
Authors: Ramírez‐Soria Maria José , López‐Gallego Elena , La‐Spina Michelangelo , Sanchez Juan A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPilophorus gallicus Remane is a generalist predator in southern European pear orchards. Nymphs and adults are present in orchards from March to November; their winter absence suggests either migration to other hosts or embryonic dormancy on pear trees to overcome the adverse period. In addition, it has been hypothesized that aestivation takes place to cope with extreme summer conditions.
The present study aimed to investigate the reproductive strategy of P. gallicus to overcome unfavourable periods. Accordingly, (i) its population dynamics were followed during several years and (ii) females were sampled in three different seasons to study the condition (diapausing or nondiapausing) of the laying.
The results obtained show that nymphs were always the first mobile instar to show up in pear orchards and the presence of adults was delayed, indicating egg overwintering. Nondiapausing eggs prevailed in spring and summer, whereas the autumn eggs were mainly diapausing. Aestivation was rejected.
Worthy of note are: (i) the presence of diapausing eggs under favourable conditions and (ii) the existence of females laying both diapausing and nondiapausing eggs; thus, ‘not laying all the eggs in one basket’. The reproductive strategy of P. gallicus is considered as bet‐hedging for the short‐ and long‐term survival of the species.
A comparative study on basophil activation test, histamine release assay, and passive sensitization histamine release assay in the diagnosis of peanut allergy
Authors: Larsen L. F. , Juel‐Berg N. , Hansen K. S. , Clare Mills E. N. , van Ree R. , Poulsen L. K. , Jensen B. M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundAllergy can be diagnosed using basophil tests. Several methods measuring basophil activation are available. This study aimed at comparing basophil activation test (BAT), histamine release assay (HR), and passive sensitization histamine release assay (passive HR) in the diagnosis of peanut allergy.MethodsBAT, HR, and passive HR were performed on 11 peanut‐allergic and 14 nonallergic subjects. Blood was incubated with peanut extract or anti‐IgE and tests were performed as follows: BAT—CD63 upregulation was assessed by flow cytometry; HR—released histamine was quantified by a glass fiber‐based fluorometric method; passive HR—IgE‐stripped donor basophils were incubated with participants' serum and histamine release was quantified as HR.ResultsCDsens, a measure of basophil allergen sensitivity, was significantly higher for BAT (80.1±17.4) compared to HR (23.4±10.31) and passive HR (11.1±2.0). BAT, HR, and passive HR had a clinical sensitivity of 100%, 100%, and 82% and specificity of 100%, 100%, and 100%, respectively, when excluding inconclusive results. BAT identified 11 of 11 allergic patients, HR 10, and passive HR 9. Likewise, BAT recognized 12 of 14 nonallergic subjects, HR 10, and passive HR 13. However, the tests' diagnostic performances were not statistically different. Interestingly, nonreleasers in HR but not in BAT had lower basophil count compared to releasers (249 vs 630 counts/min).ConclusionBAT displayed a significantly higher CDsens compared to HR and passive HR. The basophil tests' diagnostic performances were not significantly different. Still, BAT could diagnose subjects with low basophil number in contrast to HR.
Adrenalectomy for incidentaloma: lessons learned from a single‐centre series of 274 patients
Authors: Gaujoux Sébastien , Aimé Adeline , Assié Guillaume , Ciuni Roberto , Bonnet Stéphane , Tenenbaum Florence , Bertherat Jérome , Dousset Bertrand 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundAdrenal incidentalomas are increasingly diagnosed and include a wide spectrum of lesions from benign adenomas to secreting or malignant lesions. The aim of the present study is to report a large single‐institution experience of patients undergoing surgery for adrenal incidentaloma with particular attention to their diagnosis and post‐operative course and the evolution of surgical practice over time.MethodsFrom 1993 to 2013, 274 patients underwent adrenalectomy for incidentaloma. All patients underwent standardized clinical, hormonal and imaging assessments.ResultsPatients were mainly female (63.1%; n = 173), and the median age of patients was 56.5 years. After a complete hormonal evaluation, 47.9% (n = 129) of incidentalomas were classified as secreting tumours, including 24.4% (n = 67) subclinical cortisol‐secreting adenomas and 18.9% (n = 52) pheochromocytomas. Adrenocortical carcinomas represented 9.5% (n = 26) of incidentalomas, and the risk of malignancy was significantly correlated with tumour size. The conversion rate after laparoscopic adrenalectomy (90.9%; n = 249) was 3.2% (n = 8). The overall morbidity rate was 13.9%, which included a 4.4% rate of severe morbidity (Clavien–Dindo ≥3). From 2008 onwards, there was a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in the use of surgical approaches for non‐secreting adenomas.ConclusionAfter a complete work‐up, half of the incidentalomas were classified as subclinical oversecreting adrenal lesions and 10% proved to be malignant adrenocortical carcinomas. The debatable use of surgical approaches for benign nonfunctioning adenomas significantly decreased over time.
The Finnish national guideline for diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with wet age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: Tuuminen Raimo , Uusitalo‐Järvinen Hannele , Aaltonen Vesa , Hautala Nina , Kaipiainen Sulevi , Laitamäki Nina , Ollila Marko , Rantanen Jari , Välimäki Satu , Sipilä Raija , Laukkala Tanja , Komulainen Jorma , Tommila Petri , Immonen Ilkka , Tuulonen Anja , Kaarniranta Kai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAge‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is the main cause of visual impairment in developed countries. Several improvements in the visualization of posterior segment of the eye together with the introduction of intravitreal anti‐VEGF treatment have revolutionized the prognosis of the wet form of AMD (wAMD). Increasing incidence of wAMD together with the limited resources of society and of the healthcare system poses challenges for the provision and development of care. In context of these current aspects, we aimed to set evidence‐based medical guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of patients with wAMD.
Alcohol exposure during pregnancy altered childhood developmental trajectories in a rural South African community
Authors: Davies Leigh‐Anne , Cockcroft Kate , Olinger Lynda , Chersich Matthew , Urban Michael , Chetty Makkan Candice M. , Turnbull Oliver H. , Olivier Leana , Viljoen Denis 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThis study examined the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on childhood development trajectories in a rural South African community between 2003 and 2008.MethodsWe assessed 121 children at 7–12 months (year one) and 5–6 years (year five) using the Griffiths Mental Developmental Scales – Extended Revised, which measures sensorimotor, cognitive and social development, with lower scores indicating developmental delay. We also interviewed their mothers or caregivers. Three groups were identified: 29 with foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) or partial FAS (pFAS), 57 more who had been exposed to alcohol and 35 controls who had not.ResultsThe scale's total score was higher in the controls than in the FAS/pFAS group at year one and year five and in the alcohol‐exposed group at year five. Many groups’ trajectories declined when compared with global norms, but the trajectories in the FAS/pFAS and the alcohol‐exposed groups declined more than the controls for eye‐hand and performance and total score. Earlier pregnancy recognition in the FAS/pFAS group correlated strongly (r = −0.77) with higher GQ in year five.ConclusionFAS/pFAS and prenatal alcohol exposure affected the Griffiths scores more than the control group. Efforts are needed to detect pregnancy early and reduce alcohol exposure.
Relaxing Responses to Hydrogen Peroxide and Nitric Oxide in Human Pericardial Resistance Arteries Stimulated with Endothelin‐1
Authors: Leurgans Thomas M. , Bloksgaard Maria , Irmukhamedov Akhmadjon , Riber Lars P. , De Mey Jo G. R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn human pericardial resistance arteries, effects of the endothelium‐dependent vasodilator bradykinin are mediated by NO during contraction induced by K+ or the TxA2 analogue U46619 and by H2O2 during contraction by endothelin‐1 (ET‐1), respectively. We tested the hypotheses that ET‐1 reduces relaxing effects of NO and increases those of H2O2 in resistance artery smooth muscle of patients with cardiovascular disease. Arterial segments, dissected from the parietal pericardium of 39 cardiothoracic surgery patients, were studied by myography during amplitude‐matched contractions induced by K+, the TXA2 analogue U46619 or ET‐1. Effects of the NO donor Na‐nitroprusside (SNP) and of exogenous H2O2 were recorded in the absence and presence of inhibitors of cyclooxygenases, NO synthases and small and intermediate conductance calcium‐activated K+ channels. During contractions induced by either of the three stimuli, the potency of SNP did not differ and was not modified by the inhibitors. In vessels contracted with ET‐1, the potency of H2O2 was on average and in terms of interindividual variability considerably larger than in K+‐contracted vessels. Both differences were not statistically significant in the presence of inhibitors of mechanisms of endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation. In resistance arteries from patients with cardiovascular disease, ET‐1 does not selectively modify smooth muscle relaxing responses to NO or H2O2. Furthermore, the candidate endothelium‐derived relaxing factor H2O2 also acts as an endothelium‐dependent vasodilator.
BSACI guideline for the diagnosis and management of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis (Revised Edition 2017; First edition 2007)
Authors: Scadding G. K. , Kariyawasam H. H. , Scadding G. , Mirakian R. , Buckley R. J. , Dixon T. , Durham S. R. , Farooque S. , Jones N. , Leech S. , Nasser S. M. , Powell R. , Roberts G. , Rotiroti G. , Simpson A. , Smith H. , Clark A. T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis is an updated guideline for the diagnosis and management of allergic and non‐allergic rhinitis, first published in 2007. It was produced by the Standards of Care Committee of the British Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, using accredited methods. Allergic rhinitis is common and affects 10–15% of children and 26% of adults in the UK, it affects quality of life, school and work attendance, and is a risk factor for development of asthma. Allergic rhinitis is diagnosed by history and examination, supported by specific allergy tests. Topical nasal corticosteroids are the treatment of choice for moderate to severe disease. Combination therapy with intranasal corticosteroid plus intranasal antihistamine is more effective than either alone and provides second line treatment for those with rhinitis poorly controlled on monotherapy. Immunotherapy is highly effective when the specific allergen is the responsible driver for the symptoms. Treatment of rhinitis is associated with benefits for asthma. Non‐allergic rhinitis also is a risk factor for the development of asthma and may be eosinophilic and steroid‐responsive or neurogenic and non‐ inflammatory. Non‐allergic rhinitis may be a presenting complaint for systemic disorders such as granulomatous or eosinophilic polyangiitis, and sarcoidoisis. Infective rhinitis can be caused by viruses, and less commonly by bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
Is primary hyperparathyroidism a cause of endothelial dysfunction?
Authors: Colak Sevgi , Aydogan Berna Imge , Gokcay Canpolat Asena , Tulunay Kaya Cansin , Sahin Mustafa , Corapcioglu Demet , Uysal Ali Riza , Emral Rifat 
Published: July 2017

SummaryObjectiveSymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is thought to be related to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In our study, we aimed to investigate endothelial dysfunction and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with PHPT. Also we aimed to demonstrate the effect of vitamin D supplementation on these parameters.Materials and methodsTwenty‐nine patients followed by medical treatment (A), 25 preoperative (B) and 23 postoperative patients with PHPT (C), and 26 normocalcaemic subjects (D) were included. Groups were assessed by measurements of flow‐mediated dilation (FMD), carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT), serum levels of sCD40L, high‐sensitivity CRP (hs‐CRP) and interleukin‐8 (IL‐8). Thirteen patients with low levels of 25‐hydroxy‐vitamin D (25OHD) in the medical treatment group were assessed before and 3 months after vitamin D replacement.ResultsThe median FMD was 5% in group A, 5.1% in group B, 7.6% in group C and 7.7% in group D. The FMD measurement in group A was significantly lower than groups C and D (P=.02) and was similar to the FMD measurement in group B. FMD measurements of group B were not significantly lower than groups C and D. In 13 patients with low 25OHD in group A, the median FMD increased to 7.07% from 4.71% after vitamin D replacement (P=.02).ConclusionFlow‐mediated dilation was impaired in patients with PHPT, particularly in the medically observed group. Vitamin D supplementation seems to provide improvements in FMD in medically observed PHPT patients with low 25OHD levels, and this was the novel observation of our study.