bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discovery of fairy circles in Australia supports self-organization theory
Authors: Getzin Stephan , Yizhaq Hezi , Bell Bronwyn , Erickson Todd E. , Postle Anthony C. , Katra Itzhak , Tzuk Omer , Zelnik Yuval R. , Wiegand Kerstin , Wiegand Thorsten , Meron Ehud 
Published: March 2016

SignificancePattern-formation theory predicts that vegetation gap patterns, such as the fairy circles of Namibia, emerge through the action of pattern-forming biomass–water feedbacks and that such patterns should be found elsewhere in water-limited systems around the world. We report here the exciting discovery of fairy-circle patterns in the remote outback of Australia. Using fieldwork, remote sensing, spatial pattern analysis, mathematical modeling, and pattern-formation theory we show that the Australian gap patterns share with their Namibian counterparts the same characteristics but are driven by a different biomass–water feedback. These observations are in line with a central universality principle of pattern-formation theory and support the applicability of this theory to wider contexts of spatial self-organization in ecology.
Aurone synthase is a catechol oxidase with hydroxylase activity and provides insights into the mechanism of plant polyphenol oxidases
Authors: Molitor Christian , Mauracher Stephan Gerhard , Rompel Annette 
Published: March 2016

SignificanceCatechol oxidases and tyrosinases belong to the family of polyphenol oxidases (PPOs). In contrast to tyrosinases, catechol oxidases were so far defined to lack hydroxylase activity toward monophenols. Aurone synthase (AUS1) is a plant catechol oxidase that specializes in the conversion of chalcones to aurones (flower pigments). We evidence for the first time, to our knowledge, hydroxylase activity for a catechol oxidase (AUS1) toward its natural monophenolic substrate (chalcone). The presented first crystal structure of a plant pro-PPO provides insights into its activation mechanisms, and based on biochemical and structural studies of AUS1, we propose a novel catalytic reaction mechanism for plant PPOs. The proven hydroxylase functionality of AUS1 suggests that other catechol oxidases might also be involved in the plant’s secondary metabolism.
New inducible genetic method reveals critical roles of GABA in the control of feeding and metabolism
Authors: Meng Fantao , Han Yong , Srisai Dollada , Belakhov Valery , Farias Monica , Xu Yong , Palmiter Richard D. , Baasov Timor , Wu Qi 
Published: March 2016

Significance
We established a new genetic method for rapidly activating Cre recombinase that is based on suppression of a nonsense codon within Cre by a new generation of aminoglycosides. We applied this strategy to successfully silence both enzymes responsible for GABA biosynthesis in hypothalamic agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons that control appetite and other behaviors. Inactivation of GABA signaling in AgRP neurons of young adult mice resulted in severe loss of body weight and abnormal glucose metabolism, whereas older mice only manifested transient appetite deficiency. This genetic system adds another robust tool that can be used to understand complex neurological processes.
Molecular basis for inhibition of AcrB multidrug efflux pump by novel and powerful pyranopyridine derivatives
Authors: Sjuts Hanno , Vargiu Attilio V. , Kwasny Steven M. , Nguyen Son T. , Kim Hong-Suk , Ding Xiaoyuan , Ornik Alina R. , Ruggerone Paolo , Bowlin Terry L. , Nikaido Hiroshi , Pos Klaas M. , Opperman Timothy J. 
Published: March 2016

Significance
AcrB is one of the major multidrug resistance-conferring antibiotic efflux pumps from pathogenic bacteria. We have designed and produced the periplasmic, substrate binding domain of AcrB and solved its crystal structure in complex with multiple novel pyranopyridine inhibitors, as well as with drugs transported by AcrB. The structural data are corroborated by various cellular assays and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and allow us to propose a mechanism for AcrB efflux inhibition. Furthermore, the results provide a molecular platform for the development of combinational therapies against pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae.
Recognition of the disordered p53 transactivation domain by the transcriptional adapter zinc finger domains of CREB-binding protein
Authors: Krois Alexander S. , Ferreon Josephine C. , Martinez-Yamout Maria A. , Dyson H. Jane , Wright Peter E. 
Published: March 2016

Significance
The tumor suppressor p53 regulates the cellular response to genomic damage by recruiting the transcriptional coactivator cyclic-AMP response element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) and its paralog p300 to activate stress response genes. We report NMR structures of the complexes formed between the full-length, intrinsically disordered N-terminal transactivation domain of p53 and the transcriptional adapter zinc finger domains (TAZ1 and TAZ2) of CBP. Exchange broadening of NMR spectra of the complexes was ameliorated by using fusion proteins and segmental isotope labeling. The structures show how the p53 transactivation domain uses bipartite binding motifs to recognize diverse partners, reveal the critical interactions required for high affinity binding, and provide insights into the mechanism by which phosphorylation enhances the ability of p53 to recruit CBP and p300.
Droughts may increase susceptibility of prairie dogs to fleas: incongruity with hypothesized mechanisms of plague cycles in rodents
Authors: Eads David A. , Biggins Dean E. , Long Dustin H. , Gage Kenneth L. , Antolin Michael F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPlague is a reemerging, rodent-associated zoonosis caused by the flea-borne bacterium Yersinia pestis. As a vector-borne disease, rates of plague transmission may increase when fleas are abundant. Fleas are highly susceptible to desiccation under hot-dry conditions; we posited that their densities decline during droughts. We evaluated this hypothesis with black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in New Mexico, June–August 2010–2012. Precipitation was relatively plentiful during 2010 and 2012 but scarce during 2011, the driest spring–summer on record for the northeastern grasslands of New Mexico. Unexpectedly, fleas were 200% more abundant in 2011 than in 2010 and 2012. Prairie dogs were in 27% better condition during 2010 and 2012, and they devoted 287% more time to grooming in 2012 than in 2011. During 2012, prairie dogs provided with supplemental food and water were in 23% better condition and carried 40% fewer fleas. Collectively, these results suggest that during dry years, prairie dogs are limited by food and water, and they exhibit weakened defenses against fleas. Long-term data are needed to evaluate the generality of whether droughts increase flea densities and how changes in flea abundance during sequences of dry and wet years might affect plague cycles in mammalian hosts.
KlebSeq: A Diagnostic Tool for Healthcare Surveillance and Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring ofKlebsiella pneumoniae
Authors: Bowers Jolene R. , Lemmer Darrin , Sahl Jason W. , Pearson Talima , Driebe Elizabeth M. , Engelthaler David M. , Keim Paul 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTHealthcare-acquired infections (HAIs) kill tens of thousands of people each year and add significantly to healthcare costs. Multidrug resistant and epidemic strains are a large proportion of HAI agents, and multidrug resistant strains ofKlebsiella pneumoniae, a leading HAI agent, have become an urgent public health crisis. In the healthcare environment, patient colonization ofK. pneumoniaeprecedes infection, and transmission via colonization leads to outbreaks. Periodic patient screening forK. pneumoniaecolonization has cost-effective and life-saving potential. In this study, we describe the design and validation of KlebSeq, a highly informative screening tool that detectsKlebsiellaspecies and identifies clinically important strains and characteristics using highly multiplexed amplicon sequencing without a live culturing step. We demonstrate the utility of this tool on several complex specimen types including urine, wound swabs and tissue, several types of respiratory, and fecal, showingK. pneumoniaespecies and clonal group identification and antimicrobial resistance and virulence profiling, including capsule typing. Use of this amplicon sequencing tool can be used to screen patients forK. pneumoniaecarriage to assess risk of infection and outbreak potential, and the expansion of this tool can be used for several other HAI agents or applications.
How “space” and “place” contribute to occupational aspirations as a value-constituting practice for working-class males
Authors: Stahl Garth , Baars Sam 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to consider how working-class boys constitute themselves as subjects of “value” through a close examination of their occupational aspirations. The authors consider two significant influences on the aspirations of these young men: “space” and “place”; and neoliberal discourses which privilege a particular concept of individualized personhood. Contending with neoliberal conceptions of personhood and aspiration (that are primarily competitive, economic, and status based), working-class and working-poor young men either align themselves with the “entrepreneurial” or “aspirational” self or face the label of “low aspirations”.Design/methodology/approach– Employing space and place as conceptual lenses allows for a nuanced understanding of how aspirations are formed (and reformed) according to immediate locale. To explore the identity negotiations surrounding the occupational aspirations of working-class males, the authors draw on two qualitative research studies in deprived neighbourhoods located in South Manchester and South London.Findings– Based on the evidence as well as the wider research concerning working-class males and occupational aspirations, the authors argue that aspirations are formed in a contested space between traditional, localized, classed identities and a broader neoliberal conception of the “aspirational” rootless self.Research limitations/implications– This study focuses on aspiration formation in two specific neighbourhoods, and caution should be taken when generalizing the findings beyond these area contexts.Originality/value– This study problematizes the literature generated by government bodies and educational institutions regarding working-class youth as having a “poverty of aspirations”. Additionally, value lies in the cross-reference of two specific geographic areas using the conceptual lens of space and place.
Assessing the functions and dimensions of visualizations in foresight
Authors: Müller Adrian W. , Shwarz Jan Oliver 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to address a central question in foresight exercises: how to communicate derived results?

Design/methodology/approach
– By drawing on an empirical study, this paper presents a framework for using visualizations in foresight and illustrates its application by referring to a case study.

Findings
– The argument is made that by using a dimensional framework, the effects of visualization can be leveraged for communicating foresight results and creating stronger buy-in.

Originality/value
– Although visualizations appear to be a central means of communication and engagement, little is known in the context of foresight on the functions and dimension of visualizations.
Coordination to manage dependencies between logistics service providers and shippers
Authors: Sallnäs Uni 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– Although it has been suggested that shippers’ demands regarding environmental practices appear to have an impact on the environmental work of LSPs, limited attention has been given to environmental practices in the relationships between LSPs and shippers. The purpose of this paper is to explore how dependencies between LSPs and shippers can influence the way in which environmental practices are coordinated in the relationships between them.

Design/methodology/approach
– Four dyadic case studies, each consisting of one LSP and one shipper, provide the empirical basis for this paper.

Findings
– Two types of dependencies are suggested as having an influence over the coordination of environmental practices in LSP-shipper relationships: dependence between LSPs and shippers as such; and dependence with regard to specific environmental practices. In addition, the environmental ambition of the actors is found to be of relevance when LSPs and shippers coordinate environmental practices between them. Based on these parameters, different coordination mechanisms for environmental practices in LSP-shipper relationships are discussed.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is limited to four cases in a Swedish context. Additional cases might provide other insights into LSP-shipper relationships and thereby lead to modifications of the proposed conceptual framework.

Practical implications
– The results can help both LSPs and shippers improve their work with environmental practices through the use of the appropriate coordination mechanisms in their inter-organisational relationships.

Originality/value
– Contrary to previous research, which mainly takes one party’s perspective, this paper takes a dyadic approach and thereby adds valuable knowledge to the inter-organisational aspects of LSPs’ environmental work.
Negotiation based decision support system for order acceptance
Authors: Piya Sujan , Khadem Mohammad Miftaur Rahman Khan , Shamsuzzoha Ahm 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model of a make-to-order manufacturing company simultaneously negotiating multiple contingent orders that possess conflicting issues in order to achieve order acceptance decisions (OADs).

Design/methodology/approach
– The paper developed a mathematical model by incorporating probabilistic theory and some theories of negotiation in the OAD problem. The model helps to harness the relationship between the manufacturer and customers of contingent orders on conflicting issues. A numerical example is enumerated to illustrate the working mechanism and sensitivity of the model developed.

Findings
– In the negotiation-based OAD system, if more than one customer is willing to negotiate on the offer of manufacturer, rather than engaging in one-to-one negotiation, the manufacturer has to negotiate with all the customers simultaneously to maximize the expected contribution and acceptance probability from all the orders. Also, the numerical example illustrates that, sometimes, rejecting an order/orders from the order set gives better results in terms of the expected contribution than continuing negotiations on them.

Originality/value
– Through continuing research efforts in this domain, certain models and strategies have been developed for negotiation on a one-to-one basis (i.e. negotiation by the manufacture with only one customer at a time). One-to-one negotiation will neither help companies to streamline their production systems nor will it maximize the expected contribution. To the best of the author’s knowledge, so far, this is the first instance of research work in the domain of a joint OAD and negotiation framework that attempts to develop a simultaneous negotiation method for arriving at OADs.
Conceptualizing sources, key concerns and critical factors for manufacturing flexibility adoption
Authors: Mishra Ruchi , Pundir Ashok K. , Ganapathy L. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors influencing manufacturing flexibility adoption and simultaneously explores some of the key issues prevailing in manufacturing flexibility adoption in Indian context. The study also stratifies critical factors for successful manufacturing flexibility adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
– Using exploratory sequential design, a series of focus group interviews were conducted with Indian manufacturing professionals and these interviews were supplemented by 127 follow-up structured questionnaires.

Findings
– Two major themes emerged from the first phase of the study – role played by some of the unexplored antecedents of manufacturing flexibility and key issues in manufacturing flexibility adoption. In the second phase, a list of factors was categorized based on their degree of importance in manufacturing flexibility adoption.

Research limitations/implications
– Being qualitative in nature, the study suffers from inherent risk of subjectivity associated with manufacturing practitioners. A large-scale survey and rigorous quantitative analysis would be helpful to further validate the list of factors and underlying relationships among proposed factors.

Practical implications
– The identified list of factors and some of the key issues in manufacturing flexibility adoption can be of great help to practitioners. The stratified list of factors can be further used by academicians to develop an instrument for manufacturing flexibility adoption.

Originality/value
– The paper identifies a set of factors that affects manufacturing flexibility adoption. It offers a basis for instrument development for manufacturing flexibility adoption and provides direction for future quantitative research in manufacturing flexibility area.
5S impact on safety climate of manufacturing workers
Authors: Srinivasan Siddarth , Ikuma Laura Hughes , Shakouri Mahmoud , Nahmens Isabelina , Harvey Craig 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– 5S is a commonly used Lean tool that focusses on creating an organized work environment, but the effects of 5S on safety climate are not as well studied. The purpose of this paper is to determine the impact of a 5S event on safety climate.

Design/methodology/approach
– This pre-test post-test study examines the effect of implementing 5S on safety climate of the packaging area of a manufacturing plant. Two groups of employees (case and control groups) completed a safety climate questionnaire (Safety Climate Assessment Toolkit) prior to the 5S event, one month after, and two months after.

Findings
– Total safety climate significantly improved for the case group but remained unchanged for the control group over the study period. Specifically, management commitment and involvement dimensions of safety climate improved for the case group.

Practical implications
– These results show that two important aspects of safety climate (management commitment and involvement) can be significantly, positively influenced by successful 5S events, which may translate to improved safety overall.

Originality/value
– Prior literature on 5S speculates a positive impact of 5S on safety and safety climate, but this assertion is not well supported with empirical evidence. This study provides quantitative measurement of positive safety climate changes that resulted from a successful 5S event. The results provide additional incentive for management to continue 5S and other Lean activities with the possibility of also improving safety.
Exploring resistance in rural and remote island communities
Authors: Mendas Zrinka Ana 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to discuss and use living stories to provide examples and some basic principles of cooperation as the alternative way of organising island community.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study draws upon autoethnography and storytelling to show co-operative practices. Storytelling is supported by deconstruction of living stories.

Findings
– Island communities create and maintain resistance through a culture of cooperation. Living stories (I-V) illustrate different instances of cooperative practices, for example, friends in need, gathering, search and moba, and where sympathy, gift, and humanity and care are essential elements.

Research limitations/implications
– It would be interesting to explore whether island communities elsewhere exhibit similar patterns.

Practical implications
– Deconstructed stories helped in reconstructing the bigger picture of how the people on the island offer collective resistance by developing different ways of cooperation.

Social implications
– Living stories (I-V) based on reciprocity of taking turns and giving back to the community, is a strategy for survival and of collective resistance within the rural island communities.

Originality/value
– Appreciation of the true value of collective resistance based on gift and reciprocity rather than financialisation and economisation aids to better understanding of the needs of traditional societies of island archipelagos, on the part of policy makers and other stakeholders who are involved in the process of planning for island development.
Accessible tourism: the golden key in the future for the specialized travel agencies
Authors: Özogul Gamze , Baran Günseli Güçlütürk 
Published: March 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the comprehension of the importance of “Accessible Tourism” for the specialized travel agencies by proposing suggestions and key factors to improve the supply of accessible tourism offers.Design/methodology/approachThe paper adopts specialized travel agencies on the accessible tourism perspective of disabled tourist flows. Also, this paper describes the circumstances, social, politic, economic consequences and key decisions that thereby Turkey would be recognized, preferring, establishing on the intention of purchased and suggested positive word of mouth among people.FindingsAccording to European Commission (EU) (2013) more than half of the individuals with disabilities in the EU made approximately 170 million day trips and a similar number of overnight trips within the EU during the 12 months between mid-2012 and mid-2013. Despite the developments in tourism, lack of product/service appropriate to the travel rights of the individuals with accessibility needs is one of the obstacles should be overcome. Accessible tourism is one of the keys for the survival of the specialized travel agencies in the future. Providing appropriate product/service by targeting the individuals with accessibility needs together with a correct approach and strategy, the specialized travel agencies will be able to have a competitive advantage and continue their activities. Also this market segment will create having sustainable activity and a golden opportunity for the specialized travel agencies in the future.Originality/valueLittle research has been done on accessible tourism, future development and on the impact that disabled tourists have on tourism. The paper presents suggestions on what the specialized travel agencies should do with regards to making Turkey be preferred in the future by the individuals having accessibility needs.