bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of pathogenesis of infective endocarditis by plasma IgG antibody titer test against periodontal bacteria
Authors: Isoshima Daichi , Yamashiro Keisuke , Matsunaga Kazuyuki , Shinobe Michitaka , Nakanishi Nagako , Nakanishi Izumi , Omori Kazuhiro , Yamamoto Tadashi , Takashiba Shogo 
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical MessageOral bacteria cause infective endocarditis (IE), so severe periodontitis is thought to be high risk for IE. We suggest the identification of high‐risk patients by an IgG antibody titer test against periodontal bacteria might become common screening test.
Extrinsic pulmonary artery compression mimicking acute pulmonary embolism
Authors: Fang Jonathan Xinguo , Fang Benjamin Xinhao , Lam Cheung‐Chi Simon , Chan Pak‐Hei , Tam Frankie Choi‐Cheung , Siu Chung‐Wah 
Published: August 2017

Key Clinical MessageRight ventricular strain patterns on electrocardiogram such as right axis derivation and S1Q3T3 are well known for their diagnostic value in cases of acute pulmonary embolism. Nonetheless, these changes are not pathognomonic. We report a patient with electrocardiographic evidence of right ventricular strain secondary to an unusual etiology.
Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy versus Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy for Surface Patterning
Authors: Sarkar Sujoy , Mandler Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractScanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) offers an alternative approach for precise local electrodeposition of micro‐ and nanometer structures driven by electrochemistry. The tip generation and substrate collection mode of SECM has been applied to deposit sub‐micron palladium structures by using a Pd microelectrode. This was compared with a different approach based on scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM). The latter was utilized also for the localized electrochemical deposition of Pd patterns using a pulled micropipette as a tip. The micropipette was filled with PdCl42− and biased versus a reference electrode placed in a NaCl solution. The application of a negative potential to the micropipette causes negatively charged ions, PdCl42−, to egress the pipette, which were electrochemically reduced on a conducting surface. The Pd patterns locally deposited by SECM and SICM were used for the local electroless deposition of Cu. Comparison between the two techniques shows that SICM is superior to SECM in terms of resolution and ease of tip preparation.
Viking Helmet Corroles: Activating Inert Oxidometal Corroles
Authors: Schweyen Peter , Brandhorst Kai , Hoffmann Martin , Wolfram Benedikt , Zaretzke Marc‐Kevin , Bröring Martin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractChemically inert oxidometal(V) corrols of molybdenum and rhenium undergo clean ligand‐exchange reactions upon the action of SiCl4. The resulting dichlorido complexes show trigonal prismatic coordination of the metal ion with the chlorine atoms residing in a cis configuration, and were studied by optical and resonance spectroscopy as well as DFT calculations. In situ reactivity studies with carbon nucleophiles indicate high reactivity for chlorine replacement. Treatment with sodium cyclopentadienide paves the way to robust molybdenum corrolocene half‐sandwich complexes. These organometallic compounds are the first corrole species that stabilize an air‐stable and diamagnetic low spin d2‐MoIV center. Structural, spectroelectrochemical, and chemical investigations prove a reversible MoIV/MoV redox couple close to the Fc/Fc+ potential for these systems. The high stability of the compounds in both redox states calls for future applications in catalysis and as redox switch.
A C(sp2)−H Dehydrogenation of Heteroarenes and Arenes by a Functionalized Aluminum Hydride
Authors: Chen Shimin , Li Bin , Wang Xiaoping , Huang Yanting , Li Jiancheng , Zhu Hongping , Zhao Lili , Frenking Gernot , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe 2‐aminophenylaluminum dihydride (2‐TMP‐C6H4)AlH2 (2) has been prepared and characterized for the first time. Compound 2 features an intramolecular N⋅⋅⋅Al donor–acceptor bond. 2 reacted with N‐methylpyrrole and N‐methylindole (both at 50 °C) by means of the elusive AlH C(sp2)−H dehydroalumination to aluminum heteroaryls (3 and 4). Moreover, 2 reacted with PhCCSiMe3 (at room temperature) and Ph2CCNR (R=iPr or 2,6‐iPr2C6H3, at −30 to 20 °C ) to yield aluminaindene heterocycle (8) and alumina‐aza‐naphthalene heterocycle (9 and 10), respectively. These reactions underwent hydroalumination followed by AlH C(sp2)−H dehydroalumination. The reaction mechanism has been studied by combining experiment and quantum chemical calculations, with the result that the key heteroarene or arene C(sp2)−H bond activation is involved under cooperative interaction by the inherent N/Al donor/acceptor pair. The reported reactions open a straightforward route to heteroaryl and unique heterocyclic aluminum compounds.
Absolute configuration of an axially chiral sulfonate determined from its optical rotatory dispersion, electronic circular dichroism, and vibrational circular dichroism spectra
Authors: Covington Cody L. , Raghavan Vijay , Smuts Jonathan P. , Armstrong Daniel W. , Polavarapu Prasad L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe absolute configuration (AC) of an axially chiral sulfonate (aCSO), 3,5‐dimethyl‐2‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)‐6‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)benzenesulfonate (labeled as aCSO5), was investigated using optical rotatory dispersion (ORD), electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopies. All three methods led to the same conclusion and the AC of aCSO5 is reliably determined to be (−)‐(aR, aR), or conversely (+)‐(aS, aS).
Potent Antimicrobial Activity of Lipidated Short α,γ‐Hybrid Peptides
Authors: Benke Sushil N. , Thulasiram Hirekodathakallu V. , Gopi Hosahudya N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein we report the potent antimicrobial activity of α,γ‐hybrid lipopeptides composed of 1:1 alternating α‐ and γ‐amino acids. Along with their potent antimicrobial activity against various Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria, these hybrid lipopeptides were found to be less hemolytic. Studies into the mechanism of action revealed that these short cationic lipopeptides bind and disrupt the bacterial cell membrane. Time–kill kinetics analyses revealed that the potent α,γ‐hybrid lipopeptides completely inhibit bacterial growth in less than 20 minutes. Overall, the promising antimicrobial activity along with lower hemolytic activity displayed by these α,γ‐hybrid lipopeptides make them well suited for further exploration into the design of potent lipopeptide antibiotics.
A phase 1/1B trial of ADI‐PEG 20 plus nab‐paclitaxel and gemcitabine in patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma
Authors: Lowery Maeve A. , Yu Kenneth H. , Kelsen David Paul , Harding James J. , Bomalaski John S. , Glassman Danielle C. , Covington Christina M. , Brenner Robin , Hollywood Ellen , Barba Adalberto , Johnston Amanda , Liu Kay Chia‐Wei , Feng Xiaoxing , Capanu Marinela , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. , O'Reilly Eileen M. 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDADI‐PEG 20 is a pegylated form of the arginine‐depleting enzyme arginine deiminase. Normal cells synthesize arginine with the enzyme argininosuccinate synthetase (ASS1); ADI‐PEG 20 selectively targets malignant cells, which lack ASS1.METHODSA single‐arm, nonrandomized, open‐label, phase 1/1B, standard 3 + 3 dose escalation with an expansion cohort of 9 patients at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) was conducted. Patients who had metastatic pancreatic cancer, up to 1 line of prior treatment (the dose‐escalation cohort) or no prior treatment (the expansion cohort), and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 to 1 were included. Patients received both gemcitabine (1000 mg/m2) and nab‐paclitaxel (125 mg/m2) for 3 of 4 weeks and intramuscular ADI‐PEG 20 at 18 mg/m2 weekly (cohort 1) or at 36 mg/m2 weekly (cohort 2 and the expansion cohort).The primary endpoint was to determine the maximum tolerated dose and RP2D of ADI‐PEG 20 in combination with nab‐paclitaxel and gemcitabine.RESULTSEighteen patients were enrolled. No dose‐limiting toxicities (DLTs) were observed in cohort 1; cohort 2 was expanded to 6 patients because of 1 DLT occurrence (a grade 3 elevation in bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase). The most frequent adverse events (AEs) of any grade were neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, peripheral neuropathy, and fatigue; all 18 patients experienced grade 3/4 AEs. The most frequent grade 3/4 toxicities, regardless of the relation with any drugs, included neutropenia (12 patients or 67%), leukopenia (10 patients or 56%), anemia (8 patients or 44%), and lymphopenia (6 patients or 33%). The RP2D for ADI‐PEG 20 was 36 mg/m2 weekly in combination with standard‐dose gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel. The overall response rate among patients treated at the RP2D in the first‐line setting was 45.5% (5 of 11).The median progression‐free survival time for these patients treated at the RP2D was 6.1 months (95% confidence interval, 5.3‐11.2 months), and the median overall survival time was 11.3 months (95% confidence interval, 6.7 months to not reached).CONCLUSIONSADI‐PEG 20 was well tolerated in combination with gemcitabine and nab‐paclitaxel. Activity was observed in previously treated and untreated patients with advanced pancreatic cancer and in patients with ASS1‐deficient and ‐proficient tumors. Cancer 2017;123:4556‐4565. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
CaO‐Based CO2 Sorbents Effectively Stabilized by Metal Oxides
Authors: Naeem Muhammad Awais , Armutlulu Andac , Imtiaz Qasim , Müller Christoph R. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCalcium looping (i.e., CO2 capture by CaO) is a promising second‐generation CO2 capture technology. CaO, derived from naturally occurring limestone, offers an inexpensive solution, but due to the harsh operating conditions of the process, limestone‐derived sorbents undergo a rapid capacity decay induced by the sintering of CaCO3. Here, we report a Pechini method to synthesize cyclically stable, CaO‐based CO2 sorbents with a high CO2 uptake capacity. The sorbents synthesized feature compositional homogeneity in combination with a nanostructured and highly porous morphology. The presence of a single (Al2O3 or Y2O3) or bimetal oxide (Al2O3‐Y2O3) provides cyclic stability, except for MgO which undergoes a significant increase in its particle size with the cycle number. We also demonstrate a direct relationship between the CO2 uptake and the morphology of the synthesized sorbents. After 30 cycles of calcination and carbonation, the best performing sorbent, containing an equimolar mixture of Al2O3 and Y2O3, exhibits a CO2 uptake capacity of 8.7 mmol CO2 g−1 sorbent, which is approximately 360 % higher than that of the reference limestone.
Electrochemical CO2 Reduction at Glassy Carbon Electrodes Functionalized by MnI and ReI Organometallic Complexes
Authors: Sun Cunfa , Rotundo Laura , Garino Claudio , Nencini Luca , Yoon Sam S. , Gobetto Roberto , Nervi Carlo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe catalytic activities towards electrochemical CO2 reduction of two new rhenium and manganese complexes, namely fac‐Mn(apbpy)(CO)3Br (1) and fac‐Re(apbpy)(CO)3Cl (2) (apbpy=4‐(4‐aminophenyl)‐2,2′‐bipyridine), in both homogeneous and heterogeneous phases are compared. A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) surface has been functionalized with complexes 1 and 2 by two approaches: a) direct electrochemical oxidation of the amino group with formation of C−N bonds, and b) electrochemical reduction of the corresponding diazonium salts with formation of C−C bonds. The chemically modified GCEs show efficient conversion of CO2 into CO, with turnover numbers (TONs) about 60 times higher than those of the corresponding catalysts in homogeneous solutions, and in a much shorter time.
Biogeography and systematics of endemic island damselflies: The Nesobasis and Melanesobasis (Odonata: Zygoptera) of Fiji
Authors: Beatty Christopher D. , Sánchez Herrera Melissa , Skevington Jeffrey H. , Rashed Arash , Van Gossum Hans , Kelso Scott , Sherratt Thomas N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe study of island fauna has greatly informed our understanding of the evolution of diversity. We here examine the phylogenetics, biogeography, and diversification of the damselfly genera Nesobasis and Melanesobasis, endemic to the Fiji Islands, to explore mechanisms of speciation in these highly speciose groups. Using mitochondrial (COI, 12S) and nuclear (ITS) replicons, we recovered Garli‐part maximum likelihood and Mrbayes Bayesian phylogenetic hypotheses for 26 species of Nesobasis and eight species/subspecies of Melanesobasis. Biogeographical patterns were explored using Lagrange and Bayes‐Lagrange and interpreted through beast relaxed clock dating analyses. We found that Nesobasis and Melanesobasis have radiated throughout Fiji, but are not sister groups. For Nesobasis, while the two largest islands of the archipelago—Viti Levu and Vanua Levu—currently host two distinct species assemblages, they do not represent phylogenetic clades; of the three major groupings each contains some Viti Levu and some Vanua Levu species, suggesting independent colonization events across the archipelago. Our Beast analysis suggests a high level of species diversification around 2–6 Ma. Our ancestral area reconstruction (Rasp‐Lagrange) suggests that both dispersal and vicariance events contributed to the evolution of diversity. We thus conclude that the evolutionary history of Nesobasis and Melanesobasis is complex; while inter‐island dispersal followed by speciation (i.e., peripatry) has contributed to diversity, speciation within islands appears to have taken place a number of times as well. This speciation has taken place relatively recently and appears to be driven more by reproductive isolation than by ecological differentiation: while species in Nesobasis are morphologically distinct from one another, they are ecologically very similar, and currently are found to exist sympatrically throughout the islands on which they are distributed. We consider the potential for allopatric speciation within islands, as well as the influence of parasitic endosymbionts, to explain the high rates of speciation in these damselflies.
Sapling growth rates reveal conspecific negative density dependence in a temperate forest
Authors: Ramage Benjamin S. , Johnson Daniel J. , Gonzalez‐Akre Erika , McShea William J. , Anderson‐Teixeira Kristina J. , Bourg Norman A. , Clay Keith 
Published: August 2017

AbstractLocal tree species diversity is maintained in part by conspecific negative density dependence (CNDD). This pervasive mechanism occurs in a variety of forms and ecosystems, but research to date has been heavily skewed toward tree seedling survival in tropical forests. To evaluate CNDD more broadly, we investigated how sapling growth rates were affected by conspecific adult neighbors in a fully mapped 25.6 ha temperate deciduous forest. We examined growth rates as a function of the local adult tree neighborhood (via spatial autoregressive modeling) and compared the spatial positioning of faster‐growing and slower‐growing saplings with respect to adult conspecific and heterospecific trees (via bivariate point pattern analysis). In addition, to determine whether CNDD‐driven variation in growth rates leaves a corresponding spatial signal, we extended our point pattern analysis to a static, growth‐independent comparison of saplings and the next larger size class. We found that negative conspecific effects on sapling growth were most prevalent. Five of the nine species that were sufficiently abundant for analysis exhibited CNDD, while only one species showed evidence of a positive conspecific effect, and one or two species, depending on the analysis, displayed heterospecific effects. There was general agreement between the autoregressive models and the point pattern analyses based on sapling growth rates, but point pattern analyses based on single‐point‐in‐time size classes yielded results that differed markedly from the other two approaches. Our work adds to the growing body of evidence that CNDD is an important force in temperate forests, and demonstrates that this process extends to sapling growth rates. Further, our findings indicate that point pattern analyses based solely on size classes may fail to detect the process of interest (e.g., neighborhood‐driven variation in growth rates), in part due to the confounding of tree size and age.
Safety and efficacy of MitraClip™ therapy in patients with severely impaired left ventricular ejection fraction: results from the German transcatheter mitral valve interventions (TRAMI) registry
Authors: Geis Nicolas A. , Puls Miriam , Lubos Edith , Zuern Christine S. , Franke Jennifer , Schueler Robert , von Bardeleben Ralph S. , Boekstegers Peter , Ouarrak Taoufik , Zahn Ralf , Ince Hüseyin , Senges Jochen , Katus Hugo A. , Bekeredjian Raffi 
Published: August 2017

AimsThe aim of the present study was to assess the safety and efficacy of percutaneous mitral valve repair using the MitraClip™ device in patients with severely reduced systolic left ventricular (LV) function.Methods and resultsAmong 777 MitraClip™ implantations included in the German mitral valve registry, we identified 256 patients suffering from severely reduced LV function [ejection fraction (EF) <30%] in whom successful percutaneous mitral valve repair was performed. Procedural safety, efficacy, and 1‐year outcome was compared with 241 patients with preserved LV function (EF >50%) and 280 patients presenting with an EF 30–50% prior to MitraClip™ therapy. High procedural success rates, low periprocedural complication rates, and low residual mitral regurgitation grades at discharge were achieved throughout all groups. In‐hospital mortality was low and comparable in all groups. After 1 year, mortality rates were 24.2% (EF <30%), 17.3% (EF 30–50%), and 18.9% (EF >50%). Major adverse cardiac or cardiovascular event rates were 29.7% (EF <30%), 24.4% (EF 30–50%), and 23.5% (EF >50%). Procedural failure was the main predictor for mortality in EF <30% patients (hazard ratio 10.38; 95% CI 3.71–29.02). Improved clinical symptoms were observed in the majority of patients in all groups. Thus, 69.5% of EF <30% patients improved by one or more New York Heart Association functional class. Compared with patients with preserved LV function, this is a significantly larger proportion (EF >50%: 56.8%; P < 0.05). Moreover, quality of life, being very poor at baseline, improved distinctively in severe heart failure patients.ConclusionIn patients with severely reduced systolic LV function undergoing MitraClip™ therapy, procedural safety, efficacy, and clinical improvement after 1 year are comparable to patients with preserved LV function.
TCR signalling network organization at the immunological synapses of murine regulatory T cells
Authors: van Ham Marco , Teich René , Philipsen Lars , Niemz Jana , Amsberg Nicole , Wissing Josef , Nimtz Manfred , Gröbe Lothar , Kliche Stefanie , Thiel Nadine , Klawonn Frank , Hubo Mario , Jonuleit Helmut , Reichardt Peter , Müller Andreas J. , Huehn Jochen , Jänsch Lothar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRegulatory T (Treg) cells require T‐cell receptor (TCR) signalling to exert their immunosuppressive activity, but the precise organization of the TCR signalling network compared to conventional T (Tconv) cells remains elusive. By using accurate mass spectrometry and multi‐epitope ligand cartography (MELC) we characterized TCR signalling and recruitment of TCR signalling components to the immunological synapse (IS) in Treg cells and Tconv cells. With the exception of Themis which we detected in lower amounts in Treg cells, other major TCR signalling components were found equally abundant, however, their phosphorylation‐status notably discriminates Treg cells from Tconv cells. Overall, this study identified 121 Treg cell‐specific phosphorylations. Short‐term triggering of T cell subsets via CD3 and CD28 widely harmonized these variations with the exception of eleven TCR signalling components that mainly regulate cytoskeleton dynamics and molecular transport. Accordingly, conjugation with B cells indeed caused variant cellular morphology and revealed a Treg cell‐specific recruitment of TCR signalling components such as PKCθ, PLCγ1 and ZAP70 as well as B cell‐derived CD86 into the IS. Together, results from this study support the existence of a Treg cell‐specific IS and suggest Treg cell‐specific cytoskeleton dynamics as a novel determinant for the unique functional properties of Treg cells.
Synthesis of Dimer Fatty Acid Methyl Esters by Catalytic Oxidation and Reductive Amination: An Efficient Route to Branched Polyamides
Authors: von Czapiewski Marc , Meier Michael A. R. 
Published: August 2017

A novel and versatile route toward dimer fatty acid methyl esters (dimer FAMEs) via catalytic oxidation and reductive amination is described. The oxyfunctionalization of mono‐unsaturated FAMEs bearing different chain lengths (C11, C18, C22) is accomplished by a co‐catalyst‐free Wacker Oxidation process in a high pressure reactor. The applied catalytic system of palladium(II) chloride in a dimethylacetamide/water mixture enabled the formation of keto‐FAMEs in the presence of molecular oxygen as sole re‐oxidant. In a first attempt, partially renewable dimer FAMEs are synthesized by reductive amination of keto‐FAME (C18) in the presence of various aliphatic and aromatic diamines and sodium triacetoxyborohydride as selective reducing agent. In another approach, the keto‐FAMEs directly underwent reductive amination using Raney‐Nickel in order to obtain the corresponding amino‐FAMEs. Subsequently, the keto‐ and amino‐FAMEs are used for the synthesis of fully renewable dimer FAMEs via reductive amination with sodium triacetoxyborohydride as reducing agent. In order to demonstrate a possible application for these new dimer FAMEs, three out of the thirteen synthesized dimer FAMEs are selected and studied in a polycondensation with renewable 1,10‐diaminodecane using TBD as catalyst. The polyamides are obtained in molecular weights (Mn) of up to 33 kDa and are carefully characterized by 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, FTIR, SEC, and DSC analysis.Practical Applications: The described catalytic route to defined dimer fatty acids has potential applications in lubricants, detergents, polymeric materials, and others. Compared to commercially available dimer fatty acids, a molecularly highly defined mixture of regioisomers is obtained, without contamination of monofunctional or trifunctional fatty acid derivatives, which is advantegous for most of the mentioned applications. Especially for polycondensations, the known stoichiometry of exactly two is a considerable benefit.The synthesis of keto‐fatty acid methyl esters via a straightforward co‐catalyst‐free Wacker oxidation process allows access to partially and fully renewable dimer fatty acid methyl esters, by using the obtained keto‐fatty acid methyl esters as renewable raw materials in a reductive amination process. Some of the obtained dimer fatty acids are exemplarily studied as monomers for polyamide synthesis.