bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A CRISPR-Cas9 Assisted Non-Homologous End-Joining Strategy for One-step Engineering of Bacterial Genome
Authors: Su Tianyuan , Liu Fapeng , Gu Pengfei , Jin Haiying , Chang Yizhao , Wang Qian , Liang Quanfeng , Qi Qingsheng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHomologous recombination-mediated genome engineering has been broadly applied in prokaryotes with high efficiency and accuracy. However, this method is limited in realizing larger-scale genome editing with numerous genes or large DNA fragments because of the relatively complicated procedure for DNA editing template construction. Here, we describe a CRISPR-Cas9 assisted non-homologous end-joining (CA-NHEJ) strategy for the rapid and efficient inactivation of bacterial gene (s) in a homologous recombination-independent manner and without the use of selective marker. Our study show that CA-NHEJ can be used to delete large chromosomal DNA fragments in a single step that does not require homologous DNA template. It is thus a novel and powerful tool for bacterial genomes reducing and possesses the potential for accelerating the genome evolution.
Accurate and scalable social recommendation using mixed-membership stochastic block models
Authors: Godoy-Lorite Antonia , Guimerà Roger , Moore Cristopher , Sales-Pardo Marta 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Recommendation systems are designed to predict users’ preferences and provide them with recommendations for items such as books or movies that suit their needs. Recent developments show that some probabilistic models for user preferences yield better predictions than latent feature models such as matrix factorization. However, it has not been possible to use them in real-world datasets because they are not computationally efficient. We have developed a rigorous probabilistic model that outperforms leading approaches for recommendation and whose parameters can be fitted efficiently with an algorithm whose running time scales linearly with the size of the dataset. This model and inference algorithm open the door to more approaches to recommendation and to other problems where matrix factorization is currently used.
Enhanced stochastic fluctuations to measure steep adhesive energy landscapes
Authors: Haider Ahmad , Potter Daniel , Sulchek Todd A. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Intermolecular interactions are governed by complex energy landscapes that give rise to their kinetic behavior and nanoscale properties. These properties have been measured, but the underlying energy landscapes for many stable interactions have not, as soft springs are commonly unable to fully measure strong interactions. We used atomic force microscopy with a white-noise excited cantilever to overcome this challenge, observing highly adhesive silicon nitride–mica interactions in water, and reconstructing the interaction energy as a function of tip–sample distance. Confirming our method with established models, we found an ideal excitation energy that allowed the cantilever to explore the full depth and contour of the energy landscape, demonstrating a capability for directly measuring highly adhesive interactions.
An α/β-hydrolase fold protein in the biosynthesis of thiostrepton exhibits a dual activity for endopeptidyl hydrolysis and epoxide ring opening/macrocyclization
Authors: Zheng Qingfei , Wang Shoufeng , Duan Panpan , Liao Rijing , Chen Dandan , Liu Wen 
Published: November 2016

Significance
The superfamily of α/β-hydrolase fold proteins consists of more than 60,000 different members that share a common Nucleophile-His-Acid catalytic triad at individual active sites. These enzymes function diversely in specific biochemical processes, many of which in fact remain poorly understood. In this study, we characterized a distinct α/β-hydrolase fold protein, TsrI, which exhibits the unprecedented dual activity for endopeptidyl hydrolysis and epoxide ring opening/macrocyclization. TsrI uses a same Ser-His-Asp catalytic triad to catalyze cascade C-N bond cleavage and formation, not only highlighting the versatility of α/β-hydrolase fold proteins, which apparently has not been fully appreciated thus far, but also providing insights into the biosynthesis of thiostrepton-type bicyclic thiopeptide members for side-ring system construction and molecular maturation.
MyTH4-FERM myosins have an ancient and conserved role in filopod formation
Authors: Petersen Karl J. , Goodson Holly V. , Arthur Ashley L. , Luxton G. W. Gant , Houdusse Anne , Titus Margaret A. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Filopodia are actin-based structures used by cells to sense chemical stimuli and promote adhesion to the extracellular environment during the development of multicellular organisms. Filopod formation in evolutionarily distant organisms requires MyTH4-FERM (myosin tail homology 4-band 4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin; MF) myosins that consist of a motor domain paired with a tail domain that binds cytoskeletal and membrane proteins. Mutational analysis identified the minimal requirements for MF myosin function in filopod formation and revealed that the key features are conserved between amoebozoan and metazoan MF myosins. These findings have implications for understanding the fundamental principles of how filopodia form and how MF myosins function in phylogenetically distant organisms.
High thermoelectricpower factor in graphene/hBN devices
Authors: Duan Junxi , Wang Xiaoming , Lai Xinyuan , Li Guohong , Watanabe Kenji , Taniguchi Takashi , Zebarjadi Mona , Andrei Eva Y. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
The miniaturization of electronic components and the excessive heating produced by the increased power densities in these small devices has heightened the need for on-chip cooling solutions. This has prompted a search for materials with large thermoelectric power factor and thermal conductivity that could be integrated in active thermoelectric coolers. Here, we report record thermoelectric power factors achieved in graphene on hexagonal boron nitride devices, corresponding to more than doubling the highest reported room temperature bulk values. In these devices, the smooth and highly efficient gating between electron- and hole-doped sectors, which facilitates switching the polarity of the Seebeck coefficient, extends a distinct advantage for on-chip thermoelectric cooling applications. Based on these results, we propose an integrated graphene-based active on-chip cooler.
Antagonists of growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor induce apoptosis specifically in retinoblastoma cells
Authors: Chu Wai Kit , Law Ka Sin , Chan Sun On , Yam Jason Cheuk Sing , Chen Li Jia , Zhang Hao , Cheung Herman S. , Block Norman L. , Schally Andrew V. , Pang Chi Pui 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Our work demonstrates that the growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor (GHRH-R) is highly expressed in human retinoblastoma (RB) cells, but not in other retinal cells. GHRH-R antagonists induced apoptosis in RB cells, but not other retinal cells, suggesting the specificity of their action of this class of analogs. GHRH-R antagonists also increased the expression of apoptotic genes and suppressed expression of cell proliferation genes. These studies indicate that GHRH-R is involved in the survival and proliferation of RB. GHRH-R antagonists could possibly be developed for RB therapy.
Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
Authors: Török Estée , Moran Ed , Cooke Fiona 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Reflecting the recent changes in postgraduate infection training, the Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology provides an integrated clincal infection overview. Practical and comprehensive, it builds on the first edition, covering the basics of antimicrobial therapy, bacteriology, virology, and parasitology, together with a detailed overview of clinical syndromes, diseases, and conditions. The authors are consultants in microbiology and infectious diseases in respected UK institutions and have worked together with trainees to produce a book that will be an essential companion for everyone caring for those with infection.
A Review of the Surgical Management of Extrathoracic Solitary Fibrous Tumors
Authors: Kayani Babar , Sharma Aadhar , Sewell Mathew D. , Platinum Johnson , Olivier Andre , Briggs Timothy W.R. , Eastwood Deborah M. 
Published: November 2016

Objectives:
Extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumors (ESFTs) are rare low-to-intermediate grade spindle-cell neoplasms of pluripotent fibroblastic or myofibroblastic origin. This review explores prognostic factors in the management of ESFTs and provides guidance on optimal treatment regimens based on the current literature.

Patients and Methods:
Electronic searches were performed using MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane library to identify studies on prognostic factors in the management of ESFTs published between January 1970 and June 2016. The literature search and review process identified 100 articles that were included in this review article. This included both surgical and nonsurgical studies on the management of ESFTs.

Results:
Surgical excision with wide resection margins forms the mainstay of treatment and provides optimal long-term oncological outcomes. Large tumor size (>5 to 10 cm diameter), inadequate resection margins, malignant histologic features, dedifferentiation, and tumor location within the abdomen/pelvis are associated with adverse oncological outcomes. Radiotherapy may be used for preoperative tumor shrinkage and/or as adjuvant therapy in patients with malignant disease or incomplete surgical margins. Chemotherapy with molecular-targeted therapies has produced promising results and the results of further phase 2 trials are awaited.

Conclusions:
Routine long-term follow-up is essential for benign and malignant disease to enable early detection and treatment of recurrent disease.
Eight Years' Experience of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy in Melanoma Using Lymphoscintigraphy and Gamma Probe Detection After Radiocolloid Mapping
Authors: Pham Dang Nathalie , Cassier Sophie , Mulliez Aurélien , Mansard Sandrine , D'Incan Michel , Barthélémy Isabelle 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND
Isosulfan blue dye peripheral injection is used in preoperative sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification alone or, to increase sensitivity, in conjunction with radiocolloid mapping. However, isosulfan blue dye has certain drawbacks and limitations.

OBJECTIVE
This study assesses the authors' experience of SLN biopsy using only radiocolloid tracer.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
Between 2000 and 2008, 218 patients underwent SLN biopsy with radiocolloid mapping, preoperative localization by lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative confirmation by gamma probe in primary malignant cutaneous melanoma.

RESULTS
Mean Breslow index was 2.1 mm. The SLN biopsy success rate was above 98% at all sites and 87% in head and neck locations. The 5-year overall survival rate was 90% and that of 5-year disease-free survival was 80%. False-negative rate, with a mean follow-up time of 41 months, was 5.5%.

CONCLUSION
Sentinel lymph node biopsy can be successfully performed in patients with melanoma using only radiocolloid tracer without blue dye staining. In circumstances where blue dye cannot be used such as head and neck tumors, allergic reactions and pregnancy, radiocolloid tracer mapping alone is not a loss of chance for patients with melanoma.
The Nipple–Areola Preserving Mastectomy: The Value of Adding a Delay Procedure
Authors: Martinez Carlos A. , Reis Scott M. , Boutros Sean G. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Conservative mastectomy procedures, such as the nipple-sparing mastectomy (NSM), present appealing options for patients with small invasive or noninvasive malignancies and those needing prophylactic mastectomies. Despite outstanding postoperative cosmetic results, nipple–areola complex (NAC) and mastectomy skin flap (MSF) survival remains a concern. We present our two-stage nipple–areola preserving (NAP) mastectomy, which aims to decrease the rate of NAC loss and MSF necrosis after conservative mastectomies.

Material and Methods:
Seventy patients who underwent NSM because of malignant and benign conditions were divided into 2 groups: those who underwent our two-stage NAP mastectomy were matched to the group of mastectomy patients without preservation techniques. Demographic data and postoperative results were retrospectively assessed.

Results:
The NAP group comprised 45 flaps (24 patients), and the NSM group comprised 75 flaps (46 patients). None were actively smoking. The mean time between the delay of the flap and breast reconstruction was 17.6 days (range, of 10–35 days) in the NAP group. No signs of NAC vascular compromise were observed in the NAP group. Nipple necrosis rates were significantly greater (P = 0.0136) in the NSM group: 9 cases in the NSM group versus none within the NAP group. Two patients within the NAP group required nipple excision at the time of their mastectomies after biopsies performed at the time of the NAC delay were positive for malignancy or atypia.

Conclusions:
Vascular delay techniques favor the blood supply of a tissue after a surgical wound, effectively improving the survival of the NAC and MSF after nipple-sparing mastectomies.
EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF INTRAVITREAL CONBERCEPT INJECTIONS IN MACULAR EDEMA SECONDARY TO RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION
Authors: Sun Zuhua , Zhou Haiying , Lin Bing , Jiao Xuan , Luo Yingdong , Zhang Feng , Tao Shanshan , Wu Quan , Ke Zunhong , Liu Xiaoling 
Published: November 2016

Purpose:
To assess the efficacy and safety of intravitreal conbercept injections in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods:
A prospective, Phase II clinical trial was performed on 60 patients with macular edema secondary to RVO. Thirty patients had branch RVO (BRVO) and 30 had central RVO (CRVO). Each patient received intravitreal injections of conbercept monthly up to 3 months, followed by monthly evaluation and injection pro re nata to Month 9.

Results:
The average change of best-corrected visual acuity from baseline to Month 9 was 17.83 ± 10.89 letters in BRVO and 14.23 ± 11.74 letters in CRVO. The change in best-corrected visual acuity was not statistically different between the groups (P = 0.216). The mean reduction of central retina thickness from baseline to Month 9 was 289.97 ± 165.42 μm and 420.47 ± 235.89 μm in BRVO and CRVO, respectively. The mean numbers of injections was 7.14 ± 1.90 in BRVO and 7.59 ± 1.39 in CRVO from baseline to Month 9 (P = 0.4705). There were 7 serious adverse events (SAEs) in 5 patients (8.33%, 2 BRVO and 3 CRVO). All the SAEs were nonocular and were not related to the drug or the injection procedure.

Conclusion:
Intravitreal injections of conbercept demonstrated a generally favorable safety and tolerability profile as well as efficacy in the treatment of macular edema due to RVO.
ENDOPHTHALMITIS IN A PATIENT TREATED WITH BACILLUS CALMETTE-GUÉRIN IMMUNOTHERAPY
Authors: Vadboncoeur Julie , Olivier Sébastien , Soualhine Hafid , Labbé Annie-Claude , Bélair Marie-Lyne 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) instillation has become one of the mainstays of adjunctive therapy in the treatment of superficial bladder cancer. Ophthalmologic complications are rare, but few cases are reported in the literature.

Methods:
Retrospective observational case report.

Results:
The authors report a case of unilateral Mycobacterium bovis BCG endophthalmitis after intravesical BCG instillations. Despite appropriate systemic antituberculous and corticosteroid therapy, the patient almost completely lost sight in the affected eye. This is the fourth case in the literature of proven M. bovis endophthalmitis suggesting a direct choroidal mycobacterial infection and not only a hypersensitivity immunologic reaction as previously suggested.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the direct choroidal mycobacterial infection of the disease after BCG instillations for bladder cancer and failure of treatment despite culture-proven drug sensitivity, thus suggesting the need to revaluate adequate treatment to avoid loss of vision.
Visual Outcomes After SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK Combined With Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking for High Myopic Correction
Authors: Hyun Sangyoon , Lee Seongjun , Kim Jae-hyung 
Published: November 2016

Purpose:
To compare the visual and refractive outcomes of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), laser-assisted subepithelial keratomileusis (LASEK), and LASEK combined with corneal collagen cross-linking (LASEK-CXL) surgery for high-degree myopia.

Methods:
Medical records of patients with spherical equivalent (SE) greater than −6.00 diopters (D) treated with SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL were reviewed. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCVA), SE, and corneal haze were followed up in the 3 groups for 6 months.

Results:
The SMILE group included 69 eyes, the LASEK group included 61 eyes, and the LASEK-CXL group included 40 eyes. At 6 months postoperatively, there were no statistically significant differences in UCVA between the SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL groups (logMAR 0.00 ± 0.00, 0.01 ± 0.08, and 0.01 ± 0.08, respectively, P = 0.69). The averages of the absolute value of SE were 0.34 ± 0.25 D, 0.50 ± 0.36 D, and 0.42 ± 0.34 D in the SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL groups, respectively (P = 0.04). The percentages of the patients with a postoperative residual refractive error within ±0.50 D were 84% in the SMILE group, 65% in the LASEK group, and 76% in the LASEK-CXL group. The percentages of the patients with greater than 20/25 postoperative UCVA were 100%, 91%, and 95%, respectively. SMILE produced no postoperative corneal haze. However, 18% of patients treated with LASEK and 25% of those treated with LASEK-CXL had corneal haze at 6 months postoperatively.

Conclusions:
SMILE, LASEK, and LASEK-CXL surgery appear to be safe and effective for high-degree myopic correction. However, the SMILE group had no haze and fewer induction of some higher-order aberrations compared with the LASEK and LASEK-CXL groups.
Kinetics of plasma triglycerides in abdominal obesity
Authors: Björnson Elias , Adiels Martin , Taskinen Marja-Riitta , Borén Jan 
Published: November 2016

Purpose of review
Abdominal obesity is associated with a number of important metabolic abnormalities including liver steatosis, insulin resistance and an atherogenic lipoprotein profile (termed dyslipidemia). The purpose of this review is to highlight recent progress in understanding the pathogenesis of this dyslipidemia.

Recent findings
Recent results from kinetic studies using stable isotopes indicate that the hypertriglyceridemia associated with abdominal obesity stems from dual mechanisms: (1) enhanced secretion of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and (2) impaired clearance of these lipoproteins. The over-secretion of large triglyceride-rich VLDLs from the liver is linked to hepatic steatosis and increased visceral adiposity. The impaired clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins is linked to increased levels of apolipoprotein C-III, a key regulator of triglyceride metabolism.

Summary
Elucidation of the pathogenesis of the atherogenic dyslipidemia in abdominal obesity combined with the development of novel treatments based on apolipoprotein C-III may in the future lead to better prevention, diagnosis and treatment of the atherogenic dyslipidemia in abdominal obesity.
The Role of Theory-Specific Techniques and Therapeutic Alliance in Promoting Positive Outcomes
Authors: Haugen Peter Tejas , Werth Aditi Sinha , Foster Alyce Lauren , Owen Jesse 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
World Trade Center responders demonstrate high symptom burden, underscoring the importance of refining treatment approaches for this cohort. One method is examining the impact of therapy techniques on outcomes, and the interactions between technique and alliance on outcomes. This study a) examined the interaction of early treatment techniques on integrative psychotherapy outcomes and b) explored whether associations differed at varying levels of alliance. Twenty-nine adult responders diagnosed with partial or full posttraumatic stress disorder received outpatient psychotherapy and completed weekly measures of alliance, technique, and symptom distress. Analyses indicated significant interactions between 1) alliance and psychodynamic interventions on outcomes and 2) alliance and cognitive behavioral (CB) interventions on outcomes. Clients with high alliance had better outcomes when their therapist used fewer CB techniques. No meaningful differences were found between technique and outcomes for clients with lower alliance. These findings reiterate the critical roles technique and responsiveness to the alliance play in engendering successful outcomes.
Three-Dimensional Facial Averaging: A Tool for Understanding Facial Aging
Authors: Lambros Val , Amos Gideon 
Published: November 2016

Summary:
The progression of facial shape with aging is the subject of various theories and assumptions but remains poorly understood. The authors have used the unique capabilities of the three-dimensional camera to average the faces of large numbers of subjects to understand this complex process. What the authors present here is a technique of analysis rather than detailed results.
Postoperative Edema Resolution following Rhinoplasty: A Three-Dimensional Morphometric Assessment
Authors: Pavri Sabrina , Zhu Victor Z. , Steinbacher Derek M. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
The final result of rhinoplasty may be masked for several months after surgery because of postoperative edema; however, no objective evidence supports this time estimate. The purpose of this study was to three-dimensionally quantify the decrease in postsurgical nasal edema following rhinoplasty over the first postoperative year.

Methods:
This was a retrospective, three-dimensional, morphometric study of primary, open rhinoplasty patients. Subjects with at least three postoperative three-dimensional images up to 1 year were included. Patients were excluded for closed or secondary procedures or cleft deformities. Images were assessed using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry (Vectra) and volumetric analysis (Geomagic). Baseline nasal volume (time 0) occurred at the first postoperative visit at 1 to 2 weeks. All subsequent nasal volume measurements were calculated as a percentage of baseline values. Data points from all patients were pooled, and a six-point moving average was used to create an inverse function line of best fit.

Results:
Forty patients were included, with 146 three-dimensional photographs quantified. The equation for the inverse function line of best fit of the six-point moving average was y = 1.484 (1/x) + 0.844 (R

2
= 0.85, p < 0.01). According to this equation, approximately two-thirds of edema resolves within the first month, 95 percent after 6 months, and 97.5 percent after 1 year. A plateau is reached at 84.4 percent of the original postoperative volume.

Conclusions:
This study provides quantitative evidence to predict decrement of rhinoplasty edema with time. Three-dimensional morphometric assessment demonstrated a two-thirds decrease in edema at 1 month, a 95 percent decrease at 6 months, and a 97.5 percent decrease at 1 year.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.