bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Antihypertensive Therapy During Pregnancy on Postpartum Blood Pressure Control
Authors: Martin Samantha L. , Kuo Hui-Chien , Boggess Kim , Dugoff Lorraine , Sibai Baha , Lawrence Kirsten , Hughes Brenna L. , Bell Joseph , Aagaard Kjersti , Gibson Kelly S. , Haas David M. , Plante Lauren , Metz Torri D. , Casey Brian M. , Esplin Sean , Longo Sherri , Hoffman Matthew , Saade George R. , Foroutan Janelle , Tuuli Methodius G. , Owens Michelle Y. , Simhan Hyagriv N. , Frey Heather A. , Rosen Todd , Palatnik Anna , Baker Susan , August Phyllis , Reddy Uma M. , Kinzler Wendy , Su Emily J. , Krishna Iris , Nguyen Nicki , Norton Mary E. , Skupski Daniel , El-Sayed Yasser Y. , Ogunyemi Dotun , Galis Zorina S. , Ambalavanan Namasivayam , Oparil Suzanne , Librizzi Ronald , Pereira Leonardo , Magann Everett F. , Habli Mounira , Williams Shauna , Mari Giancarlo , Pridjian Gabriella , McKenna David S. , Parrish Marc , Chang Eugene , Osmundson Sarah , Quinones JoAnne , Werner Erika , Szychowski Jeff M. , Tita Alan T. N. ,   for the CHAP Consortium
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To compare differences in postpartum blood pressure (BP) control (BP below 140/90 mm Hg) for participants with hypertension randomized to receive antihypertensive treatment compared with no treatment during pregnancy.

METHODS:
This study was a planned secondary analysis of a multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial (The CHAP [Chronic Hypertension and Pregnancy] trial). Pregnant participants with mild chronic hypertension (BP below 160/105 mm Hg) were randomized into two groups: active (antihypertensive treatment) or control (no treatment unless severe hypertension, BP 160/105 mm Hg or higher). Study outcomes were BP control below 140/90 mm Hg (primary) and medication nonadherence based on a composite score threshold (secondary) at the 6-week postpartum follow-up visit. Participants without follow-up BP measurements were excluded from analysis of the BP control outcome. Participants without health care professional–prescribed antihypertensives at delivery were excluded from the analysis of the adherence outcome. Multivariable logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders.

RESULTS:
Of 2,408 participants, 1,684 (864 active, 820 control) were included in the analysis. A greater percentage of participants in the active group achieved BP control (56.7% vs 51.5%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.22, 95% CI, 1.00–1.48) than in the control group. Postpartum antihypertensive prescription was higher in the active group (81.7% vs 58.4%, P<.001), and nonadherence did not differ significantly between groups (aOR 0.81, 95% CI, 0.64–1.03).

CONCLUSION:
Antihypertensive treatment of mild chronic hypertension during pregnancy was associated with better BP control below 140/90 mm Hg in the immediate postpartum period.
The Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score Appropriately Predicts Treatment in Children Aged 10 and Under
Authors: Metcalf Tyler , Paulson Ambika E. , Sborov Katherine D. , Moore-Lotridge Stephanie N. , Schoenecker Jonathan G. , Mencio Gregory A. , Martus Jeffrey E. , Louer Jr. Craig R. 
Published: September 2024

Study Design.
Retrospective cohort study.

Objective.
This study aims to assess the validity of the Thoracolumbar Injury Classification and Severity Score (TLICS) in patients ≤10 years-old.

Summary of Background Data.
TLICS is a validated measure developed to help facilitate clinical decision-making regarding thoracolumbar spinal trauma in adults. Studies examining the utility of TLICS in children skew towards older pediatric patients, where the spine’s biomechanical properties are more similar to adults. Due to differences in a pre-adolescent spine compared to a more mature, adolescent spine, it is unclear if TLICS can be applied to younger patients.

Methods.
A single center spine trauma registry was queried for patients ≤10 with an acute, traumatic thoracolumbar fracture treated at a level-1 pediatric trauma center between 2006 and 2020. Test characteristics and Receiver-Operator Curve were used to evaluate TLICS based on TLICS <4=nonsurgical treatment and TLICS >4=surgery recommendation.

Results.
We identified 94 patients with traumatic thoracolumbar fractures (surgical=20; non-surgical=74). Despite TLICS-suggested operative management in 28 patients with TLICS>4, 9 (32.1%) were initially treated non-operatively. All patients who deviated from TLICS-suggested treatment had flexion-distraction injuries (FDI). Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 100%, 89.2%, 70.4%, and 100%, respectively. The receiver operating characteristic curve demonstrated strong diagnostic ability of TLICS in predicting need for surgery (area under the curve: 0.97, F1-score: 0.86).

Conclusion.
TLICS score <4 showed strong validity and is highly specific in predicting non-operative management for patients ≤10 years-old with thoracolumbar fractures. However, TLICS >4 has more limited specificity in indicating the necessity for surgical intervention, as many FDIs were successfully treated without surgery. Additional factors other than TLICS score may need to be considered for these more severe injuries to optimize management in this age group.
Codesign of a Quality Improvement Tool for Adults With Prolonged Critical Illness: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study
Authors: Allum Laura , Pattison Natalie , Connolly Bronwen , Apps Chloe , Cowan Katherine , Flowers Emily , Hart Nicholas , Rose Louise 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
Increasing numbers of patients experience a prolonged stay in intensive care. Yet existing quality improvement (QI) tools used to improve safety and standardize care are not designed for their specific needs. This may result in missed opportunities for care and contribute to worse outcomes. Following an experience-based codesign process, our objective was to build consensus on the most important actionable processes of care for inclusion in a QI tool for adults with prolonged critical illness.

DESIGN:
Items were identified from a previous systematic review and interviews with former patients, their care partners, and clinicians. Two rounds of an online modified Delphi survey were undertaken, and participants were asked to rate each item from 1 to 9 in terms of importance for effective care; where 1–3 was not important, 4–6 was important but not critical, and 7–9 was critically important for inclusion in the QI tool. A final consensus meeting was then moderated by an independent facilitator to further discuss and prioritize items.

SETTING:
Carried out in the United Kingdom.

PATIENTS/SUBJECTS:
Former patients who experienced a stay of over 7 days in intensive care, their family members and ICU staff.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
We recruited 116 participants: 63 healthcare professionals (54%), 45 patients (39%), and eight relatives (7%), to Delphi round 1, and retained 91 (78%) in round 2. Of the 39 items initially identified, 32 were voted “critically important” for inclusion in the QI tool by more than 70% of Delphi participants. These were prioritized further in a consensus meeting with 15 ICU clinicians, four former patients and one family member, and the final QI tool contains 25 items, including promoting patient and family involvement in decisions, providing continuity of care, and structured ventilator weaning and rehabilitation.

CONCLUSIONS:
Using experience-based codesign and rigorous consensus-building methods we identified important content for a QI tool for adults with prolonged critical illness. Work is underway to understand tool acceptability and optimum implementation strategies.
Effect of Virtual Education on Knowledge and Practice of Critical Care Nurses Regarding the Administration of Drugs Through Enteral Feeding Tubes
Authors: Sabaghnejad Elnaz , Nikvarz Naemeh , Nematollahi Monirsadat 
Published: September 2024

A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of virtual education on knowledge and practice of nurses regarding administration of drugs through enteral feeding tubes (EFTs). Sixty nurses working in 4 intensive care units were enrolled. A questionnaire evaluating knowledge and practice of nurses regarding drug administration through EFTs was used. At the pre-intervention stage, all nurses responded to the questionnaire. Then an educational videoclip was provided to the intervention group. One month later, post-intervention stage, both groups answered to the questionnaire again. At the end of the study, the scores of all items in the knowledge domain including medication preparation (mean difference [MD] [95% CI]: 1.11 [0.57; 1.66]), tube flushing (MD [95% CI]: 2.15 [1.59; 2.79]), recognizing drug-drug/drug-feed interactions (MD [95% CI]: 0.57 [0.05; 1.09]), and recognizing dosage forms (MD [95% CI]: 1.51 [0.94; 2.10]) and practice domain including medication preparation (MD [95% CI]: 1.63 [1.04; 2.21]), tube flushing (MD [95% CI]: 1.19 [0.64; 1.74]), and recognizing drug-drug/drug-feed interactions [MD (95% CI): 2.16 (1.53; 2.80)] in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < .05). Education of proper technics of preparation and administration of drugs through EFTs improved knowledge and practice of the participants.
Impact of quality indicators on variability of keratometry measurements using a SS-OCT–based optical biometer
Authors: Cannon Nathan T. , Cooke David L. , Wendelstein Jascha A. , Lehman Erik , Pantanelli Seth M. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose:
To characterize the variability of keratometry measurements on the IOLMaster 700 and relate it to device image quality indicators (QIs).

Setting:
2 academic centers and 1 private practice.

Design:
Multicenter, retrospective consecutive case series.

Methods:
Measurements from 3 sites, obtained between December 2015 and July 2023, were included. Surgery-naïve phakic eyes with same-day sequential measurements on the same eye were identified. Repeat measurement pairs were grouped by IOLMaster QIs (success vs warning), and changes in mean standard keratometry (∆Kmean) and total keratometry (∆TKmean) as well as standard astigmatism (∆Kastig) and total astigmatism (∆TKastig) vectors were calculated.

Results:
Analysis was performed on 3222 eyes of 1890 patients. Measurement “success” was associated with a smaller ΔKmean (0.09 ± 0.14 diopters [D]) and ΔTKmean (0.11 ± 0.16 D) when compared with pairs in which both measurements had a “warning” (0.25 ± 0.32 D and 0.14 ± 0.17 D, respectively; P < .0001). A similarly smaller ∆Kastig (0.26 ± 0.28 D) and ∆TKastig (0.28 ± 0.30 D) were observed with measurement “success” vs “warning” (0.77 ± 0.79 D and 0.42 ± 0.41 D, respectively; P < .0001). Even when both measurements were successful, the proportion of measurement pairs that had a ∆Kastig >0.50 D increased from 14% to 24% to 32% when Kmean SD was ≥0.01, 0.05, and 0.10 D, respectively.

Conclusions:
When measurement quality is poor, TK varies less than standard K measurements. Clinicians may use the SD of Kmean/TKmean to estimate the repeatability of measurements and balance this against their tolerance for performing repeat measurements.
Risk Factors for Delayed Treatment of Gonorrhea and Chlamydia in Active-Duty Service Members
Authors: Quackenbush David A. , Smalley Joshua M. , Herbold John , Landt Cristy L. , Vance Bryce A. , Hansen Shana L. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Sexually transmitted infections including gonorrhea and chlamydia are common in the active-duty military population, with historically higher rates than their civilian counterparts. Prevention and screening are 2 of the main strategies used to reduce the chronic medical complications and costs associated with untreated gonorrhea and chlamydia; however, there is little information in the literature regarding treatment time after a positive screening. To our knowledge, there has not yet been a study regarding delayed treatment of gonorrhea and chlamydia in the active-duty population.

Methods
We performed a population-based retrospective observational study on active-duty service members (ADSMs) diagnosed with gonorrhea and chlamydia from 2010–2019. Statistical analysis was performed to determine differences in treatment times for key demographics. This study was reviewed and approved by the Brooke Army Medical Center Institutional Review Board.

Results
Average treatment time was 3.5 days for individuals with chlamydia and 5 days for those with gonorrhea. Treatment within 2 weeks was met for 94% of people diagnosed with chlamydia and 91% of people diagnosed with gonorrhea. Delay in treatment times for chlamydia were seen in men, ages 25–34, full-time active-duty service members, those with a history of prior infection, and soldiers in the Army. Gonorrhea treatment times were delayed in men, members of the Coast Guard, ages 35–44, and those with a history of prior infection.

Conclusions
Significant differences in treatment time were seen based on sex, age, branch of service, rank, and history of prior infection.
A Rare Mutation in MESP1 Increases the Risk of Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Peng Rui , Huang Li-Juan , Zhou Xiang-Yu , Lei Bing-Kun , Li Pei-Qiang 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
In this study, we aim to screen MESP1 variants in congenital heart disease (CHD), and explore the biological functions of these variants.

Methods:
Targeted sequencing was used to screen MESP1 variants in a cohort of patients with CHD and healthy controls from Shandong Province, China, and confirm the variants with Sanger sequencing. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to assess the effects of MESP1 variants on the expression of downstream target genes in HEK293T and H9C2 cells. Binding affinity with NKX2-5 between variants and wild-type MESP1 was detected in HEK293T cells using an electrophoretic gel mobility shift assay (EMSA). The teratogenic effects of the MESP1 variants compared to the wild-type were explored with zebrafish embryo microinjection.

Results:
We identified two rare mutations, namely c.359T>C (p.L120P) and c.526A>T (p.T176S), in MESP1. The impact of these mutations was investigated using dual-luciferase reporter assay. Our findings demonstrate that compared to the wild-type, the mutation c.359T>C (p.L120P) significantly inhibits the expression of downstream target genes, whereas the mutation c.526A>T (p.T176S) does not exhibit altered activity. Further insights from EMSA revealed that the mutation c.359T>C (p.L120P) displays a reduced binding affinity with NKX2-5. Notably, our investigation involving zebrafish embryo microinjection unveiled a significant increase in the rate of malformation associated with the mutation c.359T>C (p.L120P).

Conclusions:
Two rare mutations in MESP1 were identified in the CHD cohort. Our in vitro and in vivo studies showed that MESP1 c.359T>C (p.L120P) is a loss-of-function mutation that may increase the risk of CHD.
The Cardioprotective Role of Neutrophil-Specific STING in Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
Authors: Brockman Maegan L. , Scruggs Triniti A. , Wang Lanfang , Kabboul Gabriella , Calvert John W. , Levit Rebecca D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeutrophils are the most rapid and abundant immune cells to infiltrate the myocardium following myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MI/R). Neutrophil heterogeneity has not been well characterized in MI/R, and studies have shown conflicting results regarding the impact of neutrophil depletion on cardiac injury. We thus aim to study the impact of neutrophils with enriched type I interferon signature and the role of STING (stimulator of interferon genes) signaling in neutrophils on cardiac reperfusion injury.MethodsWe utilized single-cell RNA sequencing to study neutrophil heterogeneity in response to MI/R. We generated a neutrophil-specific STING knockout mouse to assess the role of neutrophil STING in a model of MI/R. We examined cardiac function following injury via echocardiography and assessed the immune cell trajectory following injury utilizing flow cytometry.ResultsWe identified a population of neutrophils with enriched type I interferon signaling and response to type I interferon following MI/R. We found that genetic deletion of neutrophil-specific STING led to worsened cardiac function following MI/R. Further investigation of the immune response by flow cytometry revealed decreased neutrophil infiltration into the myocardium and a shift in macrophage polarization.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that neutrophil-specific STING is cardioprotective in MI/R, partly due to its effects on downstream immune cells. These results demonstrate that early alterations or therapeutic interventions can influence key events in the resolution of inflammation following MI/R.
Massive Compression for High Data Rate Macromolecular Crystallography (HDRMX): Impact on Diffraction Data and Subsequent Structural Analysis
Authors: Bernstein Herbert J. , Soares Alexei S. , Horvat Kimberly , Jakoncic Jean 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNew higher-count-rate, integrating, large area X-ray detectors with framing rates as high as 17,400 images per second are beginning to be available. These will soon be used for specialized MX experiments but will require optimal lossy compression algorithms to enable systems to keep up with data throughput. Some information may be lost. Can we minimize this loss with acceptable impact on structural information? To explore this question, we have considered several approaches: summing short sequences of images, binning to create the effect of larger pixels, use of JPEG-2000 lossy wavelet-based compression, and use of Hcompress, which is a Haar-wavelet-based lossy compression borrowed from astronomy. We also explore the effect of the combination of summing, binning, and Hcompress or JPEG-2000. In each of these last two methods one can specify approximately how much one wants the result to be compressed from the starting file size. These provide particularly effective lossy compressions that retain essential information for structure solution from Bragg reflections.SynopsisNew higher-count-rate, integrating, large area X-ray detectors with framing rates as high as 17,400 images per second are beginning to be available. These will soon be used for specialized MX experiments but will require optimal lossy compression algorithms to enable systems to keep up with data throughput. Some information may be lost. Can we minimize this loss with acceptable impact on structural information?
Hippocampal ERK2 dimerization is critical for memory reconsolidation and synaptic plasticity
Authors: Ramos Santiago Ojea , Medina Candela , Krawczyk María del Carmen , Millan Julieta , Acutain María Florencia , Romano Arturo Gabriel , Baez María Verónica , Urbano Francisco José , Boccia Mariano Martín , Feld Mariana 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTExtensive research has focused on extracellular-signal regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 phosphorylation across various memory and plasticity models. However, the precise mechanism linking ERK activity to memory stabilization and restabilization are still poorly understood, and the role of ERK1/2 dimerization remains unexplored. ERK dimerization is essential for the binding and activation of cytoplasmic targets, many of which have been strongly implicated in memory and plasticity. In this work, we studied the role of ERK2 dimerization in memory and synaptic plasticity through several experimental approaches. We found that reactivation of a weak inhibitory avoidance (wIA) memory led to a significant reduction in hippocampal ERK2 dimerization. Furthermore, intrahippocampal infusion of DEL-22379 (DEL), an ERK dimerization inhibitor, following memory reactivation had a bidirectional effect: it blocked the reconsolidation of a strong inhibitory avoidance (sIA) memory, but enhanced the reconsolidation of a wIA memory. Moreover, DEL administration blocked hippocampal ERK2 dimerization in vivo and impaired high-frequency stimulation-induced long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal slices. These findings demonstrate for the first time that ERK2 dimerization occurs in the intact rodent nervous system and plays a pivotal role in plasticity and memory. While further research is needed, this study highlights the relevance of ERK dimerization in these processes.
Exploring yield stability and the fitness landscape of maize landrace root phenotypesin silico
Authors: Lopez-Valdivia Ivan , Rangarajan Harini , Vallebueno-Estrada Miguel , Lynch Jonathan P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntegrated root phenotypes contribute to environmental adaptation and yield stability. We used the functional-structural plant/soil modelOpenSimRoot_v2to reconstruct the root phenotypes and environments of eight maize landraces to understand the phenotypic and environmental factors associated with broad adaptation. We found that accessions from low phosphorus regions have root phenotypes with shallow growth angles and greater nodal root numbers, allowing them to adapt to their native environments by improved topsoil foraging. We used machine learning algorithms to detect the most important phenotypes responsible for adaptation to multiple environments. The most important phene states responsible for stability across environments are large cortical cell size and reduced diameter of roots in nodes 5 and 6. When we dissected the components of root diameter, we observed that large cortical cell size improved growth by 28%, 23 % and 114%, while reduced cortical cell file number alone improved shoot growth by 137%, 66% and 216%, under drought, nitrogen and phosphorus stress, respectively. Functional-structural analysis of 96 maize landraces from the Americas, previously phenotyped in mesocosms in the greenhouse, suggested that parsimonious anatomical phenotypes, which reduce the metabolic cost of soil exploration, are the main phenotypes associated with adaptation to multiple environments, while root architectural traits were related to adaptation to specific environments. Our results indicate that integrated phenotypes with root anatomical phenes that reduce the metabolic cost of soil exploration will increase tolerance to stress across multiple environments and therefore improve yield stability, regardless of their root architecture.