bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and safety of golimumab in Crohn's disease: a French national retrospective study
Authors: Martineau C. , Flourié B. , Wils P. , Vaysse T. , Altwegg R. , Buisson A. , Amiot A. , Pineton de Chambrun G. , Abitbol V. , Fumery M. , Hébuterne X. , Viennot S. , Laharie D. , Beaugerie L. , Nancey S. , Sokol H. ,   the Goli‐Crohn Study Group
Published: October 2017

SummaryBackgroundAnti‐tumour necrosis factor (TNF) agents have improved the care of Crohn's disease (CD). After the first anti‐TNF discontinuation, it is possible to switch to another anti‐TNF. Three anti‐TNF agents are available for ulcerative colitis (infliximab, adalimumab and golimumab), but only the first 2 have been approved for CD because golimumab has not been studied for this indication.AimTo report the efficacy and safety of golimumab in CD.MethodsCrohn's disease patients who received golimumab were identified in 12 French tertiary centres and were retrospectively analysed. The primary endpoint was the duration of golimumab treatment before escalation or discontinuation. The clinical response was defined as a decrease of more than 3 points in the Harvey‐Bradshaw index or by global physician assessment.ResultsOne hundred and fifteen patients were included. The golimumab treatment duration was 9.8 months (0.55‐44), and 48.7% of the patients were still under treatment at the end of follow‐up. Clinical response was observed in 55.8% of the patients after a mean duration of 3.8 months. The probability of remaining under treatment without escalation at 6, 12 and 24 months was 54.6%, 34.9% and 19.3% respectively. In multivariate analysis, discontinuation of the first anti‐TNF agent due to intolerance (odds ratio, OR = 2.16; 95% CI, confidence interval [1.25‐3.86]; P = .005) and co‐immunosuppression for more than 6 months (OR = 3.98; 95% CI [2.3‐7.1]; P < .0001) were predictive factors of efficacy. Six per cent of the patients discontinued treatment due to intolerance.ConclusionAfter failure of infliximab or adalimumab for Crohn's disease, golimumab was safe and seemed beneficial in half of the patients.
Characterization of a mouse model of sickle cell trait: parallels to human trait and a novel finding of cutaneous sensitization
Authors: Zappia Katherine J. , Guo Yihe , Retherford Dawn , Wandersee Nancy J. , Stucky Cheryl L. , Hillery Cheryl A. 
Published: October 2017

SummarySickle cell trait (SCT) has classically been categorized as a benign condition except in rare cases or upon exposure to severe physical conditions. However, several lines of evidence indicate that individuals with SCT are not always asymptomatic, and additional physiological changes and risks may remain unexplored. Here, we utilized mice harbouring one copy of normal human β globin and one copy of sickle human β globin as a model of SCT to assess haematological, histopathological and somatosensory outcomes. We observed that SCT mice displayed renal and hepatic vascular congestion after exposure to hypoxia. Further, we observed that SCT mice displayed increased cold aversion as well as mechanical and heat sensitivity, though to a lesser degree than homozygous sickle cell disease mice. Notably, mechanical hypersensitivity increased following hypoxia and reoxygenation. Overall our findings suggest that SCT is not entirely benign, and further assessment of pain and cutaneous sensitization is warranted both in animal models and in clinical populations.
Printable 3D Trees
Authors: Bo Z. , Lu L. , Sharf A. , Xia Y. , Deussen O. , Chen B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWith the growing popularity of 3D printing, different shape classes such as fibers and hair have been shown, driving research toward class‐specific solutions. Among them, 3D trees are an important class, consisting of unique structures, characteristics and botanical features. Nevertheless, trees are an especially challenging case for 3D manufacturing. They typically consist of non‐volumetric patch leaves, an extreme amount of small detail often below printable resolution and are often physically weak to be self‐sustainable. We introduce a novel 3D tree printability method which optimizes trees through a set of geometry modifications for manufacturing purposes. Our key idea is to formulate tree modifications as a minimal constrained set which accounts for the visual appearance of the model and its structural soundness. To handle non‐printable fine details, our method modifies the tree shape by gradually abstracting details of visible parts while reducing details of non‐visible parts. To guarantee structural soundness and to increase strength and stability, our algorithm incorporates a physical analysis and adjusts the tree topology and geometry accordingly while adhering to allometric rules. Our results show a variety of tree species with different complexity that are physically sound and correctly printed within reasonable time. The printed trees are correct in terms of their allometry and of high visual quality, which makes them suitable for various applications in the realm of outdoor design, modeling and manufacturing.
High‐resolution 360 Video Foveated Stitching for Real‐time VR
Authors: Lee Wei‐Tse , Chen Hsin‐I , Chen Ming‐Shiuan , Shen I‐Chao , Chen Bing‐Yu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn virtual reality (VR) applications, the contents are usually generated by creating a 360° Video panorama of a real‐world scene. Although many capture devices are being released, getting high‐resolution panoramas and displaying a virtual world in real‐time remains challenging due to its computationally demanding nature. In this paper, we propose a real‐time 360° Video foveated stitching framework, that renders the entire scene in different level of detail, aiming to create a high‐resolution panoramic Video in real‐time that can be streamed directly to the client. Our foveated stitching algorithm takes Videos from multiple cameras as input, combined with measurements of human visual attention (i.e. the acuity map and the saliency map), can greatly reduce the number of pixels to be processed. We further parallelize the algorithm using GPU to achieve a responsive interface and validate our results via a user study. Our system accelerates graphics computation by a factor of 6 on a Google Cardboard display.
Saliency‐aware Real‐time Volumetric Fusion for Object Reconstruction
Authors: Yang Sheng , Chen Kang , Liu Minghua , Fu Hongbo , Hu Shi‐Min 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present a real‐time approach for acquiring 3D objects with high fidelity using hand‐held consumer‐level RGB‐D scanning devices. Existing real‐time reconstruction methods typically do not take the point of interest into account, and thus might fail to produce clean reconstruction results of desired objects due to distracting objects or backgrounds. In addition, any changes in background during scanning, which can often occur in real scenarios, can easily break up the whole reconstruction process. To address these issues, we incorporate visual saliency into a traditional real‐time volumetric fusion pipeline. Salient regions detected from RGB‐D frames suggest user‐intended objects, and by understanding user intentions our approach can put more emphasis on important targets, and meanwhile, eliminate disturbance of non‐important objects. Experimental results on real‐world scans demonstrate that our system is capable of effectively acquiring geometric information of salient objects in cluttered real‐world scenes, even if the backgrounds are changing.
Efficient Gradient‐Domain Compositing Using an Approximate Curl‐free Wavelet Projection
Authors: Ren Xiaohua , Lyu Luan , He Xiaowei , Zhang Yanci , Wu Enhua 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGradient‐domain compositing has been widely used to create a seamless composite with gradient close to a composite gradient field generated from one or more registered images. The key to this problem is to solve a Poisson equation, whose unknown variables can reach the size of the composite if no region of interest is drawn explicitly, thus making both the time and memory cost expensive in processing multi‐megapixel images. In this paper, we propose an approximate projection method based on biorthogonal Multiresolution Analyses (MRA) to solve the Poisson equation. Unlike previous Poisson equation solvers which try to converge to the accurate solution with iterative algorithms, we use biorthogonal compactly supported curl‐free wavelets as the fundamental bases to approximately project the composite gradient field onto a curl‐free vector space. Then, the composite can be efficiently recovered by applying a fast inverse wavelet transform. Considering an n‐pixel composite, our method only requires 2n of memory for all vector fields and is more efficient than state‐of‐the‐art methods while achieving almost identical results. Specifically, experiments show that our method gains a 5× speedup over the streaming multigrid in certain cases.
Declarations of Promiscuity: “Housing,” Autonomy, and Urban Female Friendship in Uganda
Authors: BOCAST BROOKE 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article examines the relationship between “sugar daddyism” and emerging forms of female sociality among young, educated women in urban Uganda. In particular, I demonstrate how the practice of “housing”—wherein one man sponsors an outing for multiple women—fosters new spaces for female friendship. Scholars of African social relations have long noted the centrality of material exchange in establishing and maintaining ties of kinship and political patronage; more recently, the interplay between capital and sentiment in sexual relationships has garnered significant attention. Yet friendship, in Africa and elsewhere, remains remarkably undertheorized. Profound generational shifts in sociality, shaped by rural‐urban migration, the expansion of higher education, and the influx of Western media, make Uganda a fertile site for the study of new forms of non‐kin affiliation. In this article, I analyze the relations of exchange that simultaneously constitute sugar daddyism and female peer relationships in order to make three major points. First, although sugar daddyism functions according to logics of asymmetrical exchange, such relationships animate horizontal reciprocity within female peer groups. Second, educated young women discursively construct friendship as a space for “fun,” in opposition to romantic and kin relationships. Third, these peer networks allow female students to cultivate felt freedom according to a logic of independence through multiple dependencies. This article is based on two years of ethnographic fieldwork with female students at Makerere University in Uganda's capital, Kampala, from 2010 to 2012. [Africa, city, sexuality, reciprocity]
Early vs delayed closure of loop defunctioning ileostomy in patients undergoing distal colorectal resections: an integrated systematic review and meta‐analysis of published randomized controlled trials
Authors: Farag S. , Rehman S. , Sains P. , Baig M. K. , Sajid M. S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes and feasibility of early loop defunctioning ileostomy closure, within 2 weeks of index surgery, in patients undergoing distal colorectal resection.MethodsA systematic review of the literature on published randomized controlled trials reporting the feasibility and outcomes on early vs delayed closure of loop defunctioning ileostomy in patients undergoing distal colorectal resection using the principles of meta‐analysis on RevMan 5.4 statistical software was undertaken.ResultsFour randomized, controlled trials on 446 patients evaluating the feasibility and outcomes on early vs delayed closure of loop defunctioning ileostomy in patients undergoing low colorectal resection were analysed. There were 176 patients in the early closure group and 270 patients in the delayed closure group. The risk of anastomotic leak [risk ratio 0.37 (CI: 0.10–1.42), P = 0.15], anastomotic stenosis [risk ratio 4.79 (CI: 0.23–98.47), P = 0.31] and postoperative complications [risk ratio 0.75 (CI: 0.48–1.16), P = 0.19] was similar in both groups. In addition, there was no significant difference between the groups with regard to the duration of operation [standardized mean difference −0.49 (CI: −01.09, −0.12), P = 0.12] and length of hospitalization [standardized mean difference −0.04 (CI: −0.25, −0.18), P = 0.75].ConclusionsEarly closure of loop defunctioning ileostomy in patients undergoing distal colorectal resection is feasible with comparable outcomes to delayed closure.
Species are not most abundant in the centre of their geographic range or climatic niche
Authors: Dallas Tad , Decker Robin R. , Hastings Alan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe pervasive idea that species should be most abundant in the centre of their geographic range or centre of their climatic niche is a key assumption in many existing ecological hypotheses and has been declared a general macroecological rule. However, empirical support for decreasing population abundance with increasing distance from geographic range or climatic niche centre (distance–abundance relationships) remains fairly weak. We examine over 1400 bird, mammal, fish and tree species to provide a thorough test of distance–abundance relationships, and their associations with species traits and phylogenetic relationships. We failed to detect consistent distance–abundance relationships, and found no association between distance–abundance slope and species traits or phylogenetic relatedness. Together, our analyses suggest that distance–abundance relationships may be rare, difficult to detect, or are an oversimplification of the complex biogeographical forces that determine species spatial abundance patterns.
Species reordering, not changes in richness, drives long‐term dynamics in grassland communities
Authors: Jones Sydney K. , Ripplinger Julie , Collins Scott L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDetermining how ecological communities will respond to global environmental change remains a challenging research problem. Recent meta‐analyses concluded that most communities are undergoing compositional change despite no net change in local species richness. We explored how species richness and composition of co‐occurring plant, grasshopper, breeding bird and small mammal communities in arid and mesic grasslands changed in response to increasing aridity and fire frequency. In the arid system, grassland and shrubland plant and breeding bird communities were undergoing directional change, whereas grasshopper and small mammal communities were stable. In the mesic system, all communities were undergoing directional change regardless of fire frequency. Despite directional change in composition in some communities, species richness of all communities did not change because compositional change resulted more from reordering of species abundances than turnover in species composition. Thus, species reordering, not changes in richness, explains long‐term dynamics in these grass and shrub dominated communities.
Parental Pre‐ and Postpartum Mental Health Predicts Child Mental Health and Development
Authors: Vänskä Mervi , Punamäki Raija‐Leena , Lindblom Jallu , Flykt Marjo , Tolvanen Asko , Unkila‐Kallio Leila , Tulppala Maija , Tiitinen Aila 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo identify interplay of early maternal and paternal mental health symptoms for predicting child mental health and development.BackgroundResearch on family mental health has largely excluded fathers, although the well‐being of both parents is likely to be important for child development. In this study, we analyzed (a) intrafamilial dynamics between mothers' and fathers' early mental health symptoms and (b) the importance of separate (mother and father) and joint (additive, hierarchical, and buffering) theoretical models of parental mental health for predicting child mental health and development.MethodFinnish mothers and fathers (N = 763), half of whom conceived through assisted reproductive treatments (ART), reported their symptoms of psychological distress and depression from the pregnancy to 2 months and 12 months postpartum. Later, when the child was 7–8 years of age, parents (N = 485) reported the child's internalizing and externalizing symptoms and social and cognitive developmental problems.ResultsWe identified both co‐occurrence and compensation in intrafamilial early parental mental health. Further, mothers' symptoms alone (separate mother model) predicted child internalizing symptoms, whereas joint parental symptoms (additive model) predicted problems in executive function.ConclusionThe pre‐ and postnatal mental health of mothers and fathers is important for later child development.ImplicationsTo support healthy child development, both parents need to be screened for early mental health problems, and psychological help should be offered to families across the pre‐ and postpartum period.
Fatigue crack propagation for Q345qD bridge steel and its butt welds at low temperatures
Authors: Liao X.W. , Wang Y.Q. , Qian X.D. , Shi Y.J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSteel bridges fabricated with Q345qD steels face critical challenges when operating in cold regions with a low ambient temperature. This study aims to investigate, via an experimental program, the low‐temperature fatigue crack propagation behavior of Q345qD bridge steel base material and its butt welds. The testing program comprises a series of Charpy impact tests and fatigue crack propagation tests at the room temperature, −20°C and −60°C. The experimental results demonstrate a reduced crack propagation rate in the base material, but an increasing crack propagation rate in the butt welds, with a decreasing ambient temperature. The base material also shows enhanced fatigue crack propagation thresholds with the decreasing temperature. The ductile‐to‐brittle transition temperature for fatigue is lower than that for fracture in the base material while the weld metal exhibits an opposite trend. Generally, the butt welds present higher resistance against fatigue crack propagation and larger Charpy toughness values than do the base material at all tested temperatures. The Paris‐law parameters measured at the room temperature for the base material leads to a conservative assessment of the crack propagation life for a welded joint under a low ambient temperature.
Truncation of thermal tolerance niches among Australian plants
Authors: Bush Alex , Catullo Renee A. , Mokany Karel , Thornhill Andrew H. , Miller Joseph T. , Ferrier Simon 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimDespite recognition that realized distributions inherently underestimate species' physiological tolerances, we are yet to identify the extent of these differences within diverse taxonomic groups. The degree to which species could tolerate environmental conditions outside their observed distributions may have a significant impact on the perceived extinction risk in ecological models. More information on this potential error is required to improve our confidence in management strategies.LocationAustralia.Time Period1983–2012.Major Taxa StudiedPlants.MethodsTo quantify the scale and spatial patterns of this disparity, we estimated the existing tolerance to thermal extremes of 7,124 Australian plants, more than one‐third of the native continental flora, using data from cultivated records at 128 botanical gardens and nurseries. Hierarchical Bayesian beta regression was used to assess whether factors such as realized niches, traits or phylogeny could predict the incidence or magnitude of niche truncation (underestimation of thermal tolerances), while controlling for sources of collection bias.ResultsApproximately half of the cultivated species analysed could tolerate temperature extremes beyond those experienced in their native range. Niche truncation was predictable from the breadth and extremes of their realized niches and by traits such as plant growth form. Phylogenetic relationships with niche truncation were weak and appeared more suited to predicting thermal tolerances directly.Main conclusionsThis study highlights a widespread disparity between realized and potential thermal limits that may have significant implications for species' capacity to persist in situ with a changing climate. Identifying whether thermal niche truncation is the result of biotic interactions, dispersal constraints or other environmental factors could provide significant insight into community assembly at macroecological scales. Estimating niche truncation may help to explain why certain ecological communities are more resilient to change and may potentially improve the reliability of model projections under climate change.
The impact of household life‐cycle stages on subjective well‐being: Considering the effect of household expenditures in Hungary
Authors: Neulinger Agnes , Radó Márta 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe household life‐cycle stage is a significant contributor to the perception of subjective well‐being; however, the effect of household expenditures of life‐cycles on subjective well‐being has not been thoroughly explored. The life‐course perspective, specifically the study of family/household life‐cycles, emphasizes the understanding of subjective well‐being across the entire life‐span. Accordingly, in the literature subjective well‐being is often studied at different life‐stages considering the influence of variables such as age, cohabitation and fertility. The present study evaluates the level of subjective well‐being across the various life‐cycle stages using a matching method on a Hungarian national sample. This approach is appropriate for studies using observational data because the administration of a true experimental design is usually not feasible for this type of research. The main finding of the article is that controlling for the expenditure structure significantly modifies the effect of life‐cycle on subjective well‐being, which is varied across life‐cycle stages and shown to be highly dependent on household expenditures.
Mapping trends in the concept of nurse rounding: A bibliometric analysis and research agenda
Authors: Hutchinson Marie , Higson Mary , Jackson Debra 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimsExamine the growth and diffusion of research on the concept of nurse rounding and provide definitional clarity on forms of nurse rounding.MethodsBibliometric and content analysis of primary research on nurse rounding were used to map development of the field. Manuscripts were identified from a keyword search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases for the period 2000 to 2015. Titles, country of origin, and year of publication along with details on the characteristics and sample of each study were coded on a database. Content analyses were performed on the coded data to derive a taxonomic understanding and identify publication trends.ResultsThirty‐eight primary research studies were identified. Overall, there has been an increase in the number and diversity of studies on nursing rounding. A typology of 4 variants of nurse rounding was devised to enhance clarity and enable comparative analysis.ConclusionThere has been continued interest in nurse rounding and its potential benefits. However, poor definitional clarity is evident in this body of research, with various label used interchangeably in studies reporting similar rounding designs. The field would benefit from improved conceptual clarity and investigation into forms of nurse rounding that remain largely unexamined.