bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Women participation in Agriculture in	Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka
Authors: Tharani Gopalakrishnan , Akther Mohamed Sameem Roshan , Ananthini Nanthakumaran 
Published: September 2016

An attempt was made to assess the women contribution towards agriculture in Vavuniya district, Sri Lanka. 60 farm family households' women were randomly selected from rural and urban area of Kovilkulam AI region of Vavuniya district in Sri Lanka and the data were collected by constructed questionnaire. The objectives of this study are to identify the factors contributing women participation in agriculture, to identify the constraints faced by the women in participating agriculture and to evaluate the women participation in decision making activity in agriculture. Minitab 15 and MS excel were used for data analysis. The level of women participation in agricultural activities was found out using chi-square test and the factors contributing for women participation in agricultural activities were identified using multiple regression analysis in urban and rural areas separately (α=0.05). The results revealed that 90% of the rural women respondents and 50% of the urban respondents participated in the agricultural activities which is a significant difference. The mean values of women participation in agricultural activities in urban and rural areas were 77 hours and 836 hours per annum respectively. The multiple regression model for women participation in urban area found that the participation of women negatively correlated with status of employment, age and education level (p=0.000). In rural area, age and educational level were negatively influencing on women participation in agricultural activities (p=0.000). R-square values of fitted regression models were 72 % and 91% in urban and rural area respectively 72% and 91% variation in respective women participation were explained by these models. The obstacles for the women in participation in agricultural activities were reported as lack of knowledge and training in agriculture field, family burden, cultural and social barriers and physical constraints. 60% of women from rural areas and 90% of women from urban areas were involved in decision making especially in the selection of crops and varieties for planting and livestock rearing. Enhancing the awareness and the technical knowledge to the women in the field of agriculture would contribute to increase income from agriculture at household level, district level and finally at national level. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 159-162
Banking Sector Capitalization and Deposit Money Banks’ Profitability in Nigeria
Authors: Konboye Lambert Ejokor John , Nteegah Alwell 
Published: September 2016

The incessant bank distress coupled with the poor financial intermediation capacity of the banking sector has been identified as the main problems of the banking subsector in Nigeria. This underscores the continue quest for increase capital base of banks as possible remedy to these problems. This development makes it imperative for us to examine how capitalization has affected banks profitability in Nigeria. To achieve our objectives, both panel and Partial Frontier efficiency analyses were utilized in this investigation. Using gross profits of 18 DMBs as dependent variable while capital base of DMBs, real income (GDP), financial deepening, interest rate and inflation rate are independent variables, we found that: capitalization has a significant impact on profitability of banks, while financial development, real income level were found to had contributed less to profitability of banks in Nigeria. It was further discovered that, interest rate has less implication on the profitability, while the impact of inflation on profitability of banks was positively but insignificantly. We also found that 58 % of the total variation in profitability is influenced by capital base, financial deepening, interest rate, GDP and price level in Nigeria over the period. The study further revealed that impact of capitalization on profitability of banks is the same across the banks. Finally, using the partial efficiency frontier analysis, we found that Unity Bank and UBA performed better with improved capital base while Union and Heritage Banks performed abysmally with high capital base given the very low efficiency scores. Based on these findings, the study recommends; periodic upward review of capital base of banks, stable macroeconomic policy, and creating enabling environment for investments as ways of enhancing an efficient financial sector and growth of the Nigerian economy. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 203-213
Are Hispanic patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage treated differently in border states than in nonborder states?
Authors: Hassan Ameer E. , Villanueva Gabriela A. , Malik Ahmed A. , Shariff Sonia , Qureshi Adnan I. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVERecent studies have found an underutilization of in-hospital procedures in treatments of Hispanic patients admitted with coronary artery disease in states along the US-Mexico border (“border states”). The purpose of this study was to determine any treatment disparities between patients treated for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in border and nonborder states and whether this disparity was associated with differential hospital charges.METHODSUsing the National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample, the authors retrieved data of Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients who were admitted in 2011 for SAH in a border state (California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) or nonborder state (the remaining 46 US states). The authors determined the rates of use of endovascular coiling and surgical clipping treatments, hospital charges, and outcomes according to the patients' demographics and treatment in border or nonborder states.RESULTSIn total, 18,368 patients were admitted with SAH in the selected time period, including 2310 Hispanic patients (12.6%). Of these patients, 1525 were admitted in a border state and 785 in a nonborder state. In border states, rates of surgical treatment significantly differed between patients of Hispanic (21.9%) and non-Hispanic (14.0%) origin (p = 0.02). In particular, Hispanic patients were more likely to undergo surgical clipping than were non-Hispanic patients. In the nonborder states, the rates of surgical treatment were similar for Hispanic and non-Hispanic patients (14.0% vs 15.6%, p = 0.6). Hispanic patients with SAH were billed significantly higher in-hospital charges in border states than in nonborder states ($219,260 and $192,418 [US dollars], respectively, p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSUse of surgical treatments for Hispanic patients with SAH residing in border states has a unique pattern, which significantly increases in-hospital charges in this patient population.
The effect of posterior polyester tethers on the biomechanics of proximal junctional kyphosis: a finite element analysis
Authors: Bess Shay , Harris Jeffrey E. , Turner Alexander W. L. , LaFage Virginie , Smith Justin S. , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Schwab Frank J. , Haid Regis W. 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE
Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) remains problematic following multilevel instrumented spine surgery. Previous biomechanical studies indicate that providing less rigid fixation at the cranial aspect of a long posterior instrumented construct, via transition rods or hooks at the upper instrumented vertebra (UIV), may provide a gradual transition to normal motion and prevent PJK. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of posterior anchored polyethylene tethers to distribute proximal motion segment stiffness in long instrumented spine constructs.

METHODS
A finite element model of a T7–L5 spine segment was created to evaluate range of motion (ROM), intradiscal pressure, pedicle screw loads, and forces in the posterior ligament complex within and adjacent to the proximal terminus of an instrumented spine construct. Six models were tested: 1) intact spine; 2) bilateral, segmental pedicle screws (PS) at all levels from T-11 through L-5; 3) bilateral pedicle screws from T-12 to L-5 and transverse process hooks (TPH) at T-11 (the UIV); 4) pedicle screws from T-11 to L5 and 1-level tethers from T-10 to T-11 (TE-UIV+1); 5) pedicle screws from T-11 to L-5 and 2-level tethers from T-9 to T-11 (TE-UIV+2); and 6) pedicle screws and 3-level tethers from T-8 to T-11 (TE-UIV+3).

RESULTS
Proximal-segment range of motion (ROM) for the PS construct increased from 16% at UIV−1 to 91% at UIV. Proximal-segment ROM for the TPH construct increased from 27% at UIV−1 to 92% at UIV. Posterior tether constructs distributed ROM at the UIV and cranial adjacent segments most effectively; ROM for TE-UIV+1 was 14% of the intact model at UIV−1, 76% at UIV, and 98% at UIV+1. ROM for TE-UIV+2 was 10% at UIV−1, 51% at UIV, 69% at UIV+1, and 97% at UIV+2. ROM for TE-UIV+3 was 7% at UIV−1, 33% at UIV, 45% at UIV+1, and 64% at UIV+2. Proximal segment intradiscal pressures, pedicle screw loads, and ligament forces in the posterior ligament complex were progressively reduced with increasing number of posterior tethers used.

CONCLUSIONS
Finite element analysis of long instrumented spine constructs demonstrated that posterior tethers created a more gradual transition in ROM and adjacent-segment stress from the instrumented to the noninstrumented spine compared with all PS and TPH constructs. Posterior tethers may limit the biomechanical risk factor for PJK; however, further clinical research is needed to evaluate clinical efficacy.
This is not a Festival. Transhumance-Based Economies on Turkey's Upland Pastures
Authors: Elias Nicolas 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article sets out to study how an instituted practice of pastoral societies has evolved under the industrialised, capitalist Turkey of the last decade. In the Pontic Mountains, in north-eastern Turkey, the celebrations that take place every summer on the upland pastures are some of the most eagerly-awaited events. Until recently they were related to pastoralism and transhumance. But, although pastoralism has collapsed, the number and popularity of these events is growing yearly. When the ethnographic study of the most famous of them (Kadırga) is related to recent social transformations in Turkey (migration, development of the culture industry, urbanisation, etc.), it becomes clear how such celebrations are instrumentalised by the new political economy. This leads us to re-examine the question of the culture industry.
THE ALBEDO DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR EARTH ASTEROIDS
Authors: Wright Edward L. , Mainzer Amy , Masiero Joseph , Grav Tommy , Bauer James 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The cryogenic Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) mission in 2010 was extremely sensitive to asteroids and not biased against detecting dark objects. The albedos of 428 near Earth asteroids (NEAs) observed by WISE during its fully cryogenic mission can be fit quite well by a three parameter function that is the sum of two Rayleigh distributions. The Rayleigh distribution is zero for negative values, and follows

for positive x. The peak value is at x = σ, so the position and width are tied together. The three parameters are the fraction of the objects in the dark population, the position of the dark peak, and the position of the brighter peak. We find that 25.3% of the NEAs observed by WISE are in a very dark population peaking at p

V
= 0.030, while the other 74.7% of the NEAs seen by WISE are in a moderately dark population peaking at p

V
= 0.168. A consequence of this bimodal distribution is that the congressional mandate to find 90% of all NEAs larger than 140 m diameter cannot be satisfied by surveying to H = 22 mag, since a 140 m diameter asteroid at the very dark peak has H = 23.7 mag, and more than 10% of NEAs are darker than p

V
= 0.03.
THE POSSIBLE IMPACT OF L5 MAGNETOGRAMS ON NON-POTENTIAL SOLAR CORONAL MAGNETIC FIELD SIMULATIONS
Authors: Weinzierl Marion , Mackay Duncan H. , Yeates Anthony R. , Pevtsov Alexei A. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The proposed Carrington-L5 mission would bring instruments to the L5 Lagrange point to provide us with crucial data for space weather prediction. To assess the importance of including a magnetograph, we consider the possible differences in non-potential solar coronal magnetic field simulations when magnetograph observations are available from the L5 point, compared with an L1-based field of view (FOV). A timeseries of synoptic radial magnetic field maps is constructed to capture the emergence of two active regions from the L5 FOV. These regions are initially absent in the L1 magnetic field maps, but are included once they rotate into the L1 FOV. Non-potential simulations for these two sets of input data are compared in detail. Within the bipolar active regions themselves, differences in the magnetic field structure can exist between the two simulations once the active regions are included in both. These differences tend to reduce within 5 days of the active region being included in L1. The delayed emergence in L1 can, however, lead to significant persistent differences in long-range connectivity between the active regions and the surrounding fields, and also in the global magnetic energy. In particular, the open magnetic flux and the location of open magnetic footpoints, are sensitive to capturing the real-time of emergence. These results suggest that a magnetograph at L5 could significantly improve predictions of the non-potential corona, the interplanetary magnetic field, and of solar wind source regions on the Sun.
Phase state of ambient aerosol linked with water uptake and chemical
aging in the southeastern US
Authors: Pajunoja Aki , Hu Weiwei , Leong Yu J. , Taylor Nathan F. , Miettinen Pasi , Palm Brett B. , Mikkonen Santtu , Collins Don R. , Jimenez Jose L. , Virtanen Annele 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. During the summer 2013 Southern Aerosol and Oxidant Study (SOAS) field campaign in a rural site in the southeastern United States, the effect of hygroscopicity and composition on the phase state of atmospheric aerosol particles dominated by the organic fraction was studied. The analysis is based on hygroscopicity measurements by a Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (HTDMA), physical phase state investigations by an Aerosol Bounce Instrument (ABI) and composition measurements using a high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS). To study the effect of atmospheric aging on these properties, an OH-radical oxidation flow reactor (OFR) was used to simulate longer atmospheric aging times of up to 3 weeks. Hygroscopicity and bounce behavior of the particles had a clear relationship showing higher bounce at elevated relative humidity (RH) values for less hygroscopic particles, which agrees well with earlier laboratory studies. Additional OH oxidation of the aerosol particles in the OFR increased the O : C and the hygroscopicity resulting in liquefying of the particles at lower RH values. At the highest OH exposures, the inorganic fraction starts to dominate the bounce process due to production of inorganics and concurrent loss of organics in the OFR. Our results indicate that at typical ambient RH and temperature, organic-dominated particles stay mostly liquid in the atmospheric conditions in the southeastern US, but they often turn semisolid when dried below ∼ 50 % RH in the sampling inlets. While the liquid phase state suggests solution behavior and equilibrium partitioning for the SOA particles in ambient air, the possible phase change in the drying process highlights the importance of thoroughly considered sampling techniques of SOA particles.
Vowel Epenthesis in Arabic Loanwords in Hausa
Authors: ALQAHTANI MUFLEH , Musa Rebecca 
Published: September 2016

<p>Vowel epenthesis is discussed in this paper as a phonological process utilized to avoid codas in Arabic loanwords in Hausa language in light of Optimality Theory (OT), as an analytical framework, even though this language permits codas in heavy syllables of the form CVC (Caron, 2011). This process results in having disyllabic, trisyllabic, or qadri-syllabic words (words with four syllables) depending on the forms of Arabic loanwords as well as mono-syllabic words with final bi-consonant clusters. This study primarily relies on extant literature including theses, books, articles. Furthermore, the authors’ intuition is crucially deemed the judge on the facts of the data . This paper concludes that codas in Arabic loanwords in Hausa motivate vowel epenthesis either once or twice, depending on the forms of words; i.e. disyllabic or monosyllabic. Also, the number of vowel insertion depends on the number of consonants in the coda postion, i.e. /CVCC/→ vowel epenthesis→ [CVC.C<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">V</span></strong>] or [CV.C<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">V</span></strong>.C<strong><span style="text-decoration: underline;">V</span></strong>].</p>
Planificación docente, en correspondencia con el desarrollo del proceso de Enseñanza–Aprendizaje
Authors: Tórrez Ruiz Leydi Maria 
Published: September 2016

El propósito del estudio fue analizar la importancia que tiene para el docente de la carrera de Ingeniería Industrial la planificación didáctica y su correspondencia con el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje. El diseño Metodológico es cualitativo. Su enfoque se fundamentó en el Paradigma Interpretativo y Socio Crítico, los cuales consisten en comprender e interpretar la realidad educativa desde las concepciones de las personas implicadas en este proceso. Esta investigación según su alcance es exploratoria, trata de conocer la situación referente a la problemática, es descriptiva y explicativa porque se demuestra cómo incide la planificación docente en el desarrollo del proceso de enseñanza y su correspondencia en el mismo y de corte transversal porque se realizó en un período de tiempo determinado. La población de estudio fue el Departamento Ciencia Tecnología y Salud (docentes, directivos y estudiantes). La muestra fueron seis estudiantes que cursan el año, dos directivos (coordinador de la carrera y director del departamento), y seis docentes. Los instrumentos aplicados fueron: entrevista, observación, grupo focal y análisis documental. Para el análisis de datos se realizó la triangulación por fuentes de información. Las conclusiones de la investigación señalan que todos los sujetos, valoran como muy importante la planificación, evidenciándose la correspondencia en algunos documentos de planificación, existiendo discrepancia entre lo que se planifica y lo desarrollado en el aula de clase. Los docentes, estudiantes y directivos expresan la incidencia de la planificación en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje.
De niet-opzegbare duurovereenkomst
Authors: Houben I.S.J. , Nijland J. 
Published: September 2016

De niet-opzegbare duurovereenkomst: Duurovereenkomst door samenhang met stichtingsstatuten Stichting Gooisch Natuurreservaat niet-opzegbaar
Auteurs bespreken in deze bijdrage hoe het arrest van de Hoge Raad van 15 april 2016 met betrekking tot een geschil over de opzegbaarheid van een duurovereenkomst tussen enerzijds de gemeente Amsterdam en anderzijds verschillende Gooise gemeenten en de provincie Noord-Holland (HR 15 april 2016, ECLI:NL:HR:2016:660, NJ 2016/236, Stichting Gooisch Natuurreservaat) moet worden bezien in het licht van staande jurisprudentie met betrekking tot de opzegbaarheid van duurovereenkomsten. Het uitgangspunt blijft dat duurovereenkomsten voor onbepaalde tijd kunnen worden opgezegd.
De modernisering van het huwelijksvermogensrecht
Authors: Verstappen L.C.A. 
Published: September 2016

The modernization of the Dutch marital property regimes. A historical perspective
This article gives an overview of the changes in the Dutch marital property regimes during the last twenty years. This is preceded by a discourse sketching the reasons for this legal modernization trajectory and the history of the community of property and standard prenuptial agreements.
L’entretien enseignant-famille à l’école maternelle : quelles dynamiques organisationnelles, quels savoirs mobilisés ?
Authors: Nunez Moscoso Javier , Ogay Tania 
Published: September 2016

Dans cet article, nous proposons l’étude d’une zone peu explorée par la recherche, à savoir les entretiens individuels entre les enseignant-e-s et les familles, analysés comme une facette constitutive du travail enseignant. Nous étudions le cas d’une école maternelle à Fribourg, Suisse, caractérisée par la diversité culturelle des familles. À partir d’une approche qui met en contraste les prescriptions sur l’entretien, les objectifs et contenus déclarés par les enseignantes et le travail réellement effectué, nous décrirons les dynamiques organisationnelles ainsi que les savoirs mobilisés par les enseignantes durant les entretiens auprès des familles. Les résultats d’analyse issus d’une collecte de données de type ethnographique permettent la mise au jour d’une hypothèse a posteriori : la nature de ces savoirs semble composite; ils sont affirmés et relativisés dans l’action, en se présentant comme un système articulé par des savoirs centraux (moins négociables, plus fortement ancrés), des savoirs périphériques (plus négociables, moins fortement ancrés) et des savoirs transversaux (partagés par les enseignantes et les familles). L’interaction entre ces savoirs permettrait l’actualisation, la mutation et la circulation des différentes catégories repérées.
(Re-)Performing Early Mixed Music from the 1980s at Ircam: Pierre Boulez’s Dialogue de l’ombre double
Authors: Akkermann Miriam 
Published: September 2016

In the 1980s, performing mixed music required cumbersome, expensive technical equipment which was usually tied to institutions. Hence, the creation of those works was bound to technical structures, personnel resources, and facilities, and closely connected to technological developments. Today, re-performances of these works face several challenges. Due to rapidly changing technology, the performance of these pieces is in constant flux, and documentation on them is based in part on an oral tradition of information exchange. The career of such works is therefore more strongly connected to institutional actors than is typically the case. Based on the example of Pierre Boulez’s composition Dialogue de l’ombre double (1976/1981-1984), the situation of re-performances of mixed music compositions at Ircam in the 2000s is described in order to give a brief overview of more general trends.
The Question of Commissioning Fees in the us: A Composer’s Perspective
Authors: Wiprud Theodore 
Published: September 2016

Active professional composers of concert and dramatic music continue to rely on commissions as an important source of income. Theodore Wiprud, a composer and senior arts administrator, examines how the sources and distribution of commissions has evolved in recent years in United States. A range of working composers discuss their experiences and how the nature of a given commission can affect everything from the creative process to a new work’s reception and performance opportunities.
Suppression of spin transport in ferromagnet/oxide/semiconductor junctions by magnetic impurities in the tunnel barrier
Authors: Spiesser Aurélie , Saito Hidekazu , Yuasa Shinji , Jansen Ron 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We have studied how the insertion of sub-monolayer amounts of Mn impurities in the middle of the oxide tunnel barrier of Fe/GeO2 on p-type Ge affects the spin transport, using three-terminal Hanle measurements. Strikingly, the magnitude of the Hanle spin voltage is strongly reduced by increasing the amount of Mn dopants and is even completely absent for devices having an amount of Mn impurities equivalent to a 0.2-nm-thick layer. This demonstrates that magnetic impurities in the tunnel barrier are detrimental to the spin transport in ferromagnet/oxide/semiconductor junctions, and that the localized states associated with such magnetic impurities do not produce three-terminal Hanle spin signals.