bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The neural substrate of gait and executive function relationship in elderly women: A PET study
Authors: Sakurai Ryota , Ishii Kenji , Yasunaga Masashi , Takeuchi Rumi , Murayama Yoh , Sakuma Naoko , Sakata Muneyuki , Oda Keiichi , Ishibashi Kenji , Ishiwata Kiichi , Fujiwara Yoshinori , Montero‐Odasso Manuel 
Published: February 2017

AimUnderstanding the relationship between age‐related gait impairment, such as slow gait, and executive functioning in seniors may help identify individuals at higher risk of mobility decline, falls, and progression to dementia at earlier stages. We aim to identify brain regions concomitantly associated with poor gait and executive functioning in a cohort of well‐functioning elderly women.MethodsIn total, 149 well‐functioning women aged 70.1 ± 6.2 years underwent FDG‐PET to evaluate regional cerebral metabolic rates of glucose normalized in reference to cerebellar glucose metabolic value (normalized‐rCMRglc) in 16 brain areas. We assessed gait speed, step length and cadence under usual and fast conditions. Executive function was assessed using Trail‐Making‐Tests (TMT) A and B.ResultsAdjusted multiple regression analyses for potential covariates showed that TMT‐B and ΔTMT (TMT B‐A) were associated with gait speed and cadence at fast condition. Lower normalized‐rCMRglc in the posterior cingulate and primary sensorimotor cortices were associated with longer TMT‐B and ΔTMT times (i.e., lower executive function) as well as with slower gait speed and lower cadence at fast condition. Slower gait speed and lower cadence at fast condition were also associated with lower normalized‐rCMRglc in the occipital and parietal cortices. There were no other significant associations.ConclusionsIn healthy elderly women without impending disability or cognitive impairment, reduced glucose metabolism in the posterior cingulate and primary sensorimotor cortices were associated with both lower gait performance and executive functioning. Our results suggest that gait control and executive functions might share the same neural substrate. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1873–1880.
Correlates of subjective transportation deficiency among older adults attending outpatient clinics in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City
Authors: Navarrete‐Reyes Ana Patricia , Medina‐Rimoldi Carlos Tonatiuh , Avila‐Funes José Alberto 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimOlder adults frequently report problems of transportation. Little is known about the correlates of transportation deficiency in Latin America. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the correlates of subjective transportation deficiency (STD) among community‐dwelling older adults attending a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City.MethodsCross‐sectional study of 228 participants aged ≥70 years being followed in any of the outpatient clinics of a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City. Data were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out in order to identify the correlates of STD.ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 79.8 years (SD 6.4) and 67.1% were women. STD was present in 46% of participants. The multivariate logistic regression model showed that female sex, illiteracy, mobility disability and the use of an assistive walking device had an independent and statistically significant association with STD.ConclusionsFemale sex, illiteracy, mobility disability and the use of an assistive walking device were independent correlates of STD in the present study. Identifying the frequency and correlates of transportation deficiency in vulnerable populations will allow for the identification and implementation of useful public policies, as well as for the optimization of prevention and treatment strategies in an attempt to preserve mobility and autonomy, especially in low‐ and middle‐income countries where previous work on transportation deficiency is lacking. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1893–1898.
Chronic condition as a mediator between metabolic syndrome and cognition among community‐dwelling older adults: The moderating role of sex
Authors: Foong Hui Foh , Hamid Tengku Aizan , Ibrahim Rahimah , Haron Sharifah Azizah , Shahar Suzana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimMetabolic syndrome and chronic conditions are significant predictors of cognition; however, few studies have examined how they work together in predicting cognition in old age. Therefore, the present study examines whether a chronic condition mediates the association between metabolic syndrome and cognition. In addition, it discusses the moderating role of sex in the relationships between metabolic syndrome, chronic conditions and cognition.MethodsSecondary analysis was carried out of data from the Malaysian national survey that involved 2322 community residents aged 60 years or older in Peninsular Malaysia. Cognition was measured by the digit symbol substitution test. Metabolic syndrome was assessed by five biomarkers: triglyceride, fasting blood sugar, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol ratio and body mass index. Chronic conditions were assessed by self‐reported medical history. The structural equation modeling technique was used to analyze the mediation and moderation tests.ResultsThe number of chronic conditions partially mediated the association between metabolic syndrome and cognition. Men and women did not differ in the relationship between metabolic syndrome and cognition; however, the number of chronic conditions was found to be negatively associated with cognition in older women, but not in men.ConclusionsMetabolic syndrome might increase the likelihood of older adults to suffer from more chronic conditions; these responses might reduce their cognition. To prevent cognitive decline in old age, specific intervention to minimize the number of chronic conditions by reducing their vascular risk factors is warranted, especially among older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1914–1920.
Factors associated with perceived unmet dental care needs of older adults
Authors: Chae Songi , Lee Yunhwan , Kim Jinhee , Chun Ki Hong , Lee Jeong Keun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimAlthough older adults have high dental care needs as a result of prevalent oral health problems, they have high unmet needs. The purpose of the present study was to examine factors associated with unmet dental care needs among older adults living in the community.MethodsThis study analyzed 1419 adults aged 65 years and older who participated in both the health interview survey and oral examination of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey carried out in 2010. Predisposing (age, sex, education, marital status), enabling (place of residence, work status, income, health insurance) and need (self‐rated oral health, difficulty chewing, toothache, number of teeth, dental caries, periodontal disease) factors associated with self‐perceived unmet dental care needs were analyzed through multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsUnmet dental care needs accounted for 27.9% in older adults. Age, income, difficulty chewing and the presence of permanent tooth caries were significantly associated with unmet dental care needs, adjusting for covariates. Compared with those aged 75 years and older, the 65–69 years age group showed 1.86‐fold higher odds of unmet dental care needs. Lower household income was associated with a higher likelihood of not receiving dental care when required. Unmet dental care needs were significantly higher among those with chewing difficulty (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.55, 2.95) and permanent tooth caries (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.28–2.70).ConclusionsUnmet dental care needs are prevalent in older people who are socioeconomically disadvantaged and vulnerable in oral health. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1936–1942.
The Non‐Inferiority Margins in Migraine Research (NIMM) Survey
Authors: Orr Serena L. , Ramsay Timothy , Christie Suzanne N , Dodick David , Gladstone Jonathan , Dowlatshahi Dar 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo survey experts in Headache Medicine on their opinions regarding appropriate non‐inferiority margins for outcomes commonly used in migraine research.MethodsMembers of the American Headache Society and the Canadian Headache Society were invited to participate in the Non‐Inferiority Margins in Migraine Research (NIMM) survey. Adult and child neurologists with expertise in Headache Medicine were eligible to participate. The survey had a multiple choice format and comprised questions on respondent characteristics, eligibility, as well as expert opinion on non‐inferiority margins for outcomes commonly used in trials of both prophylactic and acute interventions for migraine.ResultsNinety‐nine eligible respondents completed the survey. Most respondents were adult neurologists (84.9%) and 74% reported practicing in the USA. The following were the most commonly selected non‐inferiority margins: (1) change in monthly migraine attacks comparing baseline to the treatment period: 1 attack (39.4% selecting), (2) change in monthly migraine days comparing baseline to the treatment period: 1 day (44.4%), (3) change in average migraine intensity on a 4‐point scale comparing baseline to the treatment period: 1.0 (31.3%), (4) percentage of participants who are pain‐free 2 hours after the intervention: 5% (41.4%), (5) percentage of participants who have a migraine recurrence within 48 hours of treatment: 5% (42.4%), and (6) percentage of participants with sustained pain freedom: 5% (42.4%).ConclusionsThe results of the NIMM survey describe the opinions of a group of experts on appropriate non‐inferiority margins for outcomes commonly used in migraine clinical trials. There was significant variability in responses and lack of consensus on the choice of non‐inferiority margins. The survey did not incorporate the patient perspective and was not validated prior to distribution. Further work in this area is required in order to explore how to incorporate clinical considerations into the selection of non‐inferiority margins for migraine research.
Tantalum carbide coating on Ti‐6Al‐4V by electron beam physical vapor deposition method: Study of corrosion and biocompatibility behavior
Authors: Esmaeili Mohammad Mahdi , Mahmoodi Mahboobeh , Imani Rana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to improve the corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of titanium alloy (Ti‐6Al‐4V) by tantalum carbide (TaC) deposition through electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB‐PVD) method. The physical and chemical characteristics of the coated surface are comprehensively evaluated. The corrosion resistance and ion release are assessed. Cytocompatibility assay and cell morphology observation are performed to assess toxicity and cell interaction, respectively. The TaC‐coated Ti‐6Al‐4V exhibits more resistance to corrosion and ion release. It provides a surface, which is appropriate for cell adhesion, an expansion as well as better biocompatible performance. So, it could improve osseointegration Ti‐alloy implants in clinical applications.
Evaluation of the high temperature performance of HfB2 UHTC particulate filled Cf/C composites
Authors: Paul Anish , Rubio Virtudes , Binner Jon , Vaidhyanathan Bala , Heaton Andrew , Brown Peter 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRoom and high temperature flexural strength and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of HfB2 ultra‐high temperature ceramic (UHTC) particulate filled Cf/C composites are determined along with UHT oxidation behavior. Both room and high temperature strength of the composites were found to be broadly comparable to those of other thermal protection system materials currently being investigated. The CTE of the composites was measured both along and perpendicular to the fiber direction up to 1700°C and the values were found to depend on fiber orientation by approximately a factor of 3. Arc‐jet testing of the UHTC composites highlighted the excellent ultra‐high temperature oxidation performance of these materials.
Potency of commercial TiO2‐P25 nanoparticles to form stainless steel protective coating
Authors: Pourmoalem Mansour , Naghibi Sanaz 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis research reports for the first time the surface coating of steel samples with commercial nanoparticles of TiO2. Aiming to improve the substrate corrosion behavior, a stable suspension containing TiO2‐P25 nanoparticles and polyvinyl alcohol in the water was prepared and the coating was applied on the surface of the substrate via dip‐coating. Heat treatment led to the formation of strong connection between the substrate and the coating film. Scanning electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy were utilized to scrutinize the samples in terms of topography and microstructure. In addition, the samples corrosion behavior was investigated through Tafel polarization and impedance spectroscopy. The results showed that one‐step of sample dip‐coating in sol or heat treatment at 600°C cannot provide for desirable and appropriate physical circumstances in the thin film. The applied thin film showed the highest corrosion behavior improvement when the sample was coated with two or three films and the heat treatment was carried out at 400°C. In this respect, according to the Tafel curves, the applied coating efficiency was measured to be approximately 90%. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy results indicated that the reference sample was single‐time constant and the coated sample was double‐time constant. Applying the coating increased impedance, reduced the capacitive element, and diminished the resistance area. All three mentioned factors contributed to the enhancement of corrosion behavior.
Investigation of the clinical features of geographic tongue: unveiling its relationship with oral psoriasis
Authors: Picciani Bruna , Santos Vanessa de Carla , Teixeira‐Souza Thays , Izahias Lívia Maria , Curty Áquila , Avelleira João Carlos , Azulay David , Pinto Jane , Carneiro Sueli , Dias Eliane 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have examined the clinical features of geographic tongue (GT), an inflammatory lesion, making diagnosis and the investigation of oral psoriasis difficult.PurposeTo investigate the clinical features of GT to facilitate its identification and understand its relationship with psoriasis.MethodsA total of 96 participants diagnosed with GT underwent stomatological and dermatological examinations. The parameters assessed were burning sensation; number, classification, and location of lesions; loss of papillae; severity of GT lesions; and association with fissured tongue (FT). Psoriatic patients (PS) and those without psoriasis (NPS) were compared.ResultsBurning sensation was reported by 45 (47%) patients, 67 (70%) patients showed active GT, 68 (71%) presented with typical lesions, and 59 (61%) exhibited moderate lesions. GT was associated with FT in 75% of the cases and exhibited a diffused pattern associated with severe lesions. It was also more frequent in the PS group. The comparative analysis between the PS and NPS groups showed significant differences between the groups with regard to gender, presence of burning sensation, and GT severity.ConclusionGT is a symptomatic lesion with a thick halo. In contrast, psoriatic patients are frequently asymptomatic and exhibit severe lesions with greater loss of papillae that are associated with severe FT. The present study is the first to demonstrate clinical differences in the GT of patients with and without psoriasis, suggesting that some GT cases may represent true oral psoriasis and some cases may represent only GT.
Histopathological aspects of cutaneous erythematous‐papular eruptions induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors for the treatment of metastatic melanoma
Authors: Perret Raul E. , Josselin Nicolas , Knol Anne‐Chantal , Khammari Amir , Cassecuel Julie , Peuvrel Lucie , Dreno Brigitte ,   Supported by GESTIM Nantes group of cutaneous adverse events induced by anticancer drugs
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint blockade therapy (ICBT) for the treatment of melanoma has led to an important improvement of overall survival in advanced stage patients. However, secondary cutaneous maculopapular eruptions (CMPEs) are frequent and remain poorly characterized.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of melanoma patients from our institution who developed CMPEs during ICBT. Clinical information was retrieved, and histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization was performed by two pathologists. For comparison, a group of biopsies from CMPE caused by anti‐v‐raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) therapy was analyzed.ResultsEleven patients met the inclusion criteria. On clinical grounds, CMPE developed mainly on early onset of immunotherapy and were of low grade. Typical lesions included erythematous papules and macules affecting the trunk and/or extremities with associated pruritus. The histopathological patterns consisted of a superficial perivascular lymphocytic dermatitis (SPLD) with eosinophils followed by a granulomatous dermatitis. Other patterns included lichenoid, spongiotic, and a case of Grover's disease. The inflammatory infiltrate consisted of T lymphocytes (CD3+) with a predominance of CD4+ over CD8+ cells; isolated Foxp3+ cells were invariably present, and PD‐1 was not expressed. Biopsies from CMPE caused by anti‐BRAF therapy showed an SPLD and a similar lymphocytic immunophenotype.ConclusionsOur study showed the clinical features of a group of melanoma patients with CMPE for ICBT and emphasized the wide spectrum of histological findings as well as their immunohistochemical profile. Differential diagnosis can be difficult with CMPE provoked by other therapies as was seen in our comparison group of anti‐BRAF‐induced eruptions.
Natural spawning of a Hawaiian sea urchin, Tripneustes gratilla
Authors: Johnson Darren W. , Ranelletti Marla E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObservations of natural spawning events are rare but critically important for the field of fertilization ecology. For broadcast spawners, knowing the natural behavior of spawning, including proximity of animals and the timing of spawning, is essential for informing spawning experiments and directing future study. Here we describe a natural spawning event that took place on the island of Maui in the winter of 2010. Groups of Tripnuestes gratilla were observed to spawn in the late afternoon shortly after a local high tide that was a lower high of a mixed, semidiurnal tide cycle. Urchins appeared to increase the probability of fertilization by ascending to the local high points of the reefs and spawning within groups of 2–5. Although the majority of the urchins that spawned were T. gratilla, two individuals of Echinothrix diadema were observed to spawn at the same time, raising questions about potential hybridization in the wild.
Occurrence of Focal Atrial Tachycardia During the Ablation Procedure Is Associated With Arrhythmia Recurrence After Termination of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: IWAI SHINSUKE , TAKAHASHI YOSHIHIDE , MASUMURA MAYUMI , YAMASHITA SYU , DOI JUNICHI , YAMAMOTO TASUKU , SAKAKIBARA ATSUSHI , NOMOTO HIDETSUGU , YOSHIDA YOSHINORI , SUGIYAMA TOMOYO , OUMI TETSUO , OHNO MASAKAZU , SATO YASUHIRO , HIRAO KENZO , ISOBE MITSUAKI 
Published: February 2017

Focal AT and Recurrence After AF AblationIntroductionCatheter ablation can terminate persistent atrial fibrillation (AF). However, atrial tachycardia (AT) often arises after termination of AF.Methods and ResultsOf 215 patients who underwent index stepwise ablation for persistent AF, 141 (66%) patients (64 ± 9 years) in whom AF terminated during the ablation procedure were studied. If AF converted into AT, ablation for AT was subsequently performed. ATs were categorized as focal or macroreentrant AT. We assessed whether type of AT occurring after conversion of AF during the ablation procedure was associated with freedom from atrial tachyarrhythmia (AF or AT) during follow‐up. Sinus rhythm was directly restored from AF in 37 patients, while 34, 37, and 33 patients had focal AT alone, a mix of focal and macroreentrant AT, and macroreentrant AT alone after termination of AF, respectively. Arrhythmia‐free survival rates at 1 year after the index procedure were 30%, 34%, 61%, and 59% in the patients with focal AT alone, a mix of focal AT and macroreentrant AT, macroreentrant AT alone, and direct restoration of sinus rhythm, respectively (P = 0.004). Type of AT occurring during the index procedure was associated with type of recurrent AT (P = 0.03), but the origin of focal AT occurring during the index ablation differed from that of the recurrent AT in 85% of patients.ConclusionIn patients who had AF termination by ablation, occurrence of focal AT during the ablation procedure was associated with worse clinical outcome than occurrence of macroreentrant AT, likely due to ATs arising from other foci during follow‐up.
Surface ECG f Wave Analysis at Initial Onset of Paroxysmal and Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: SHARMA PARTH , BARRETT TYLER W. , NG JASON , KNOTEN CLAIRE , FERREIRA ALLISON J. , GOLDBERGER JEFFREY J. 
Published: February 2017

Surface ECG f Wave Analysis XIntroductionDominant frequency (DF) analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs) from patients with paroxysmal (PAF) and persistent (PeAF) atrial fibrillation has identified higher DFs in PeAF. We therefore hypothesized that among patients initially presenting to the emergency department (ED) with new onset AF, surface ECG features could differentiate PeAF from PAF.Methods and ResultsInitial 12‐lead ECGs from patients presenting to the ED with a first episode of symptomatic AF were analyzed. Following QRS‐T subtraction, fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of the AF fibrillatory waves was performed to measure DF and organization index (OI). Median DF of all leads and the DF in the lead with maximum OI were determined. Maximum f wave amplitude and vector magnitudes were measured. One hundred sixty‐one patients (age 59 ± 16 years, 68% men) were included in this analysis, of whom 96 (58%) spontaneously converted to sinus rhythm within 7 days (PAF group). The remaining 65 patients underwent cardioversion or remained in AF (PeAF group). ECG features (DF, OI, f wave amplitude, and vector magnitude) did not differ among PAF and PeAF patients.ConclusionsECG features (DF, OI, amplitude, vector magnitude) do not differ among patients with PAF versus PeAF when the ECGs are obtained at the initial onset of symptoms. Thus, prior data showing higher DF in PeAF likely reflect electrophysiologic remodeling rather than a marker for any specific type of AF or extent of underlying substrate.