bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Review effects of radiation treatment on HPV-related vulvar cancer: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Authors: Li Wei , Zhai Lijun , Zhu Yinju , Lou Fengjun , Liu Shiyu , Li Ke , Chen Liang , Wang Huankun 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveVulvar carcinoma exhibits a robust correlation alongside HPV infection; however, the impact of HPV rank on the prognostic outcomes of radiation therapy within vulvar malignancies stays ambiguous. In the present study, we performed a comprehensive examination as well as meta-analysis to assess the influence of infection with HPV upon the long-term outlook as well as sensitivity of individuals with vulvar cancer undergoing radiation therapy.MethodsA meticulous examination of the existing research was conducted in accordance with the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. A thorough search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, as well as Cochrane Library databases, covering the entire available literature till April 1, 2023. The studies that met the inclusion criteria contained data about HPV infection and oncological outcomes in patients with vulvar cancer who received radiation therapy. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023417957).ResultsWe identified 12 retrospective studies meeting our inclusion criteria, which included a total of 3967 patients. Patients with HPV-associated vulvar cancer achieved a better overall survival rate after radiotherapy (HR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.54-0.93, P=0.01), and showed a significant improvement in disease-free survival (HR=0.75, 95%CI: 0.58-0.97, P=0.09) and progression-free survival (HR=0.31, 95%CI: 0.22-0.45, P,&lt;0.01). Meanwhile, the complete remission rate after radiotherapy was higher for HPV-associated vulvar cancer patients (M-H=4.02, 95% CI: 1.87-8.61, P=0.0003), and the local control rate was better (HR=1.90, 95% CI: 1.15-3.15, P=0.01), exhibiting a reduced incidence of relapse within the field of study (HR=0.21, 95% CI: 0.10-0.42, P&lt;0.001).ConclusionIn comparison to HPV-independent vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, patients with HPV-associated vulvar cancer exhibit higher sensitivity to radiotherapy, with a significant difference in prognosis. Further research should investigate the mechanisms underlying this high sensitivity to radiotherapy caused by HPV, and should be evaluated using high-quality randomized controlled trials.
In vivo characterization of brain tumor biomechanics: magnetic resonance elastography in intracranial B16 melanoma and GL261 glioma mouse models
Authors: Janas Anastasia , Jordan Jakob , Bertalan Gergely , Meyer Tom , Bukatz Jan , Sack Ingolf , Senger Carolin , Nieminen-Kelhä Melina , Brandenburg Susan , Kremenskaia Irina , Krantchev Kiril , Al-Rubaiey Sanaria , Mueller Susanne , Koch Stefan Paul , Boehm-Sturm Philipp , Reiter Rolf , Zips Daniel , Vajkoczy Peter , Acker Gueliz 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionMagnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) allows the non-invasive quantification of tumor biomechanical properties in vivo. With increasing incidence of brain metastases, there is a notable absence of appropriate preclinical models to investigate their biomechanical characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to assess the biomechanical characteristics of B16 melanoma brain metastases (MBM) and compare it to murine GL261 glioblastoma (GBM) model using multifrequency MRE with tomoelastography post processing.MethodsIntracranial B16 MBM (n = 6) and GL261 GBM (n = 7) mouse models were used. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was performed at set intervals after tumor implantation: 5, 7, 12, 14 days for MBM and 13 and 22 days for GBM. The investigations were performed using a 7T preclinical MRI with 20 mm head coil. The protocol consisted of single-shot spin echo-planar multifrequency MRE with tomoelastography post processing, contrast-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) with quantification of apparent diffusion coefficient of water (ADC). Elastography quantified shear wave speed (SWS), magnitude of complex MR signal (T2/T2*) and loss angle (φ). Immunohistological investigations were performed to assess vascularization, blood-brain-barrier integrity and extent of glucosaminoglucan coverage.ResultsVolumetric analyses displayed rapid growth of both tumor entities and softer tissue properties than healthy brain (healthy: 5.17 ± 0.48, MBM: 3.83 ± 0.55, GBM: 3.7 ± 0.23, [m/s]). SWS of MBM remained unchanged throughout tumor progression with decreased T2/T2* intensity and increased ADC on days 12 and 14 (p&lt;0.0001 for both). Conversely, GBM presented reduced φ values on day 22 (p=0.0237), with no significant alterations in ADC. Histological analysis revealed substantial vascularization and elevated glycosaminoglycan content in both tumor types compared to healthy contralateral brain.DiscussionOur results indicate that while both, MBM and GBM, exhibited softer properties compared to healthy brain, imaging and histological analysis revealed different underlying microstructural causes: hemorrhages in MBM and increased vascularization and glycosaminoglycan content in GBM, further corroborated by DWI and T2/T2* contrast. These findings underscore the complementary nature of MRE and its potential to enhance our understanding of tumor characteristics when used alongside established techniques. This comprehensive approach could lead to improved clinical outcomes and a deeper understanding of brain tumor pathophysiology.
Protective effect of salvianolic acid B against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: preclinical systematic evaluation and meta-analysis
Authors: Yang Yuhan , Sun Ziyi , Sun Xiaoning , Zhang Jin , Tong Tong , Zhang Xiaoxiao , Yao Kuiwu 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundSalvianolic acid B is the most abundant water-soluble component in the traditional Chinese medicine Danshen and can reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury through multiple targets and pathways. However, the role of SalB in protecting the myocardium from ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unclear.PurposeTo perform a preclinical systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the efficacy of Sal B in an animal model of myocardial infarction/reperfusion (MI/R) and to summarize the potential mechanisms of Sal B against MI/R.MethodsStudies published from inception to March 2024 were systematically searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Wanfang, and VIP databases. The methodological quality was determined using the SYRCLE RoB tool. The R software was used to analyze the data. The potential mechanisms are categorized and summarized.Results32 studies containing 732 animals were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that Sal B reduced myocardial infarct size (p &lt; 0.01), and the cardiological indices of CK-MB (p &lt; 0.01), CK (p &lt; 0.01), LDH (p &lt; 0.01), and cTnI (p &lt; 0.01) compared to the control group. In addition, Sal B increased cardiac function indices, such as LVFS (p &lt; 0.01), -dp/dt max (p &lt; 0.01), +dp/dt max (p &lt; 0.01), and cardiac output (p &lt; 0.01). The protective effects of Sal B on the myocardium after I/R may be mediated by attenuating oxidative stress and inflammation, promoting neovascularization, regulating vascular function, and attenuating cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Publication bias was observed in all the included studies. Further studies are required to elucidate the extent of the cardioprotective effects of SalB and the safety of its use.ConclusionTo the best of our knowledge, this is the first meta-analysis of Sal B in the treatment of MI/R injury, and Sal B demonstrated a positive effect on MI/R injury through the modulation of key pathological indicators and multiple signaling pathways. Further studies are needed to elucidate the extent to which SalB exerts its cardioprotective effects and the safety of its use.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/.
Exploring the association of mindfulness, confidence, competitive state anxiety, and attention control in soccer penalty shootouts
Authors: Shi Lisi , Jing Longjun , Wang Huilin , Liu Yang 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPenalty shootouts are a pivotal factor influencing outcomes in soccer matches. Soccer players face the challenge of overcoming physical fatigue and psychological pressure when taking penalty kicks. Instances of low confidence and competitive state anxiety during matches exacerbate the detrimental impact on attention control, particularly in non-target defined features, leading to suboptimal performance during penalty kicks.MethodsThis cross-sectional survey investigates the relationship between mindfulness and attention control. Convenient sampling was employed to gather a sample of 266 soccer players from sports teams and training bases in Central and South China who had participated in city-level or higher-level competitions. A structural equation model, created using AMOS 26, was employed for hypotheses validation.ResultsFindings reveal a positive correlation between mindfulness and confidence, and a negative correlation between mindfulness and competitive state anxiety. Additionally, confidence positively associates with attention control, while competitive state anxiety shows a negative relationship with attention control. Confidence and competitive state anxiety also function as mediators in the correlation between mindfulness and attention control. To elaborate, soccer penalty kickers with heightened mindfulness demonstrate increased confidence levels, reduced competitive state anxiety, and improved attention control.DiscussionMindfulness training positively influences attention control during penalty kicks for soccer players. To boost players’ confidence, alleviate competitive state anxiety, and enhance their performance during penalty shootouts, it is recommended that governments increase investment in mindfulness training and talent development. Coaches should enhance their understanding of mindfulness training mechanisms, and athletes themselves should prioritize mindfulness training.
Causal effects between personality and psychiatric traits and lung cancer: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization and bibliometric study
Authors: Chen Siyuan , Du Zhijuan , Qin Yuhui , Li Yanan , Pan Yu , Qiao Yu , Chen Juan , Hou Zhengyang , Jin Shuai , Tao Haitao , Yu Heying , Qin Jiapei , Zhu Mingzhen , Wang Zhijie , Liu Zhefeng 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe causality between personality and psychiatric traits and lung cancer (LC) remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the causality between these traits and LC.MethodsBidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and bibliometric approaches were conducted to estimate the causality between personality (neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness) and psychiatric (schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], major depressive disorder, autism spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, insomnia, and anxiety) traits and LC and its subtypes (lung squamous cell carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and small cell LC). Summary data of these traits were extracted from large datasets (17,375–462,341 participants). Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary MR analysis, with supplementary models, including MR-Egger and weighted medians. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to detect pleiotropy. Bibliometric data were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, Scopus, and PubMed. The main mapping techniques adopted were co-word, collaboration, and citation analyses.ResultsSchizophrenia was associated with an increased risk of LC (odds ratio [OR] = 1.077, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.030–1.126, P = 0.001). Moreover, LC increased the risk of ADHD (OR = 1.221, 95% CI = 1.096–1.362, P &lt; 0.001). No significant bidirectional associations were observed between other mental traits and LC and its subtypes. Causality, psychiatry, and psychiatric comorbidity are emerging keywords. Research dynamics and landscapes were revealed.ConclusionThis study suggests that schizophrenia is a risk factor for LC and that LC is a risk factor for ADHD. Furthermore, causality, psychiatry, and psychiatric comorbidity have become emerging research trends in related fields.
Addressing relationship quality of people with dementia and their family carers: which profiles require most support?
Authors: Marques Maria J. , Woods Bob , Jelley Hannah , Kerpershoek Liselot , Hopper Louise , Irving Kate , Bieber Anja , Stephan Astrid , Sköldunger Anders , Sjölund Britt‐Marie , Selbaek Geir , Røsvik Janne , Zanetti Orazio , Portolani Daniel M. , Marôco João , Janssen Niels , Tan Eva Y.L. , de Vugt Marjolein , Verhey Frans , Gonçalves-Pereira Manuel 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe quality of the relationship between persons with dementia and family carers influences health and quality-of-life outcomes. Little is known regarding those at higher risk of experiencing a decline in relationship quality, who could potentially benefit the most from interventions. We aimed to identify these risk profiles and explore the underlying factors.MethodsWe applied a latent profile analysis to relationship quality data from a 1-year follow-up of 350 dyads of persons with dementia and their informal carers from the Actifcare cohort in eight European countries. Assessments included sociodemographic, clinical, functional, psychosocial and quality-of-life measures. Relationship quality was assessed with the Positive Affect Index. A discriminant analysis explored factors influencing the risk profiles.ResultsThere were two relationship quality profiles among persons with dementia (gradually decreasing, 74.0%; low but improving, 26%) and two among carers (steadily poor, 57.7%; consistently positive, 42.3%). The ‘gradually decreasing’ profile (persons with dementia) was related to their levels of dependence and unmet needs, along with carers’ social distress and negative feelings, lower baseline RQ and sense of coherence. The ‘steadily poor’ profile (carers) was influenced by their social distress and negative feelings, lower sense of coherence and perceived social support. These two predominant profiles showed significant decreases in quality-of-life over one year.ConclusionsSpecific profiles of persons with dementia and their carers are at risk of worse relationship quality trajectories. By considering modifiable related factors (e.g., carers’ stress), our findings can help develop tailored, effective interventions.
Contexts of urgency may go beyond emotion
Authors: Elliott Matthew V. , John Oliver P. , Allen J. D. , Johnson Sheri L. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionUrgency has been defined as the tendency towards rash speech and behavior in the context of emotion. Measures of Urgency have been found to have robust predictive power for psychopathologies and problematic behaviors. In the current study, we question whether emotions are unique drivers of urgency, or if emotions are potent exemplars of contexts that lead to rash speech and behavior. The Emotion Specific model and the Broader Contexts model correspond with these two conceptualizations of urgency, and they frame our pre-registered hypotheses.MethodsParticipants from two well-powered samples (n = 600,n = 588) completed 9 modified items from the Urgency and Positive Urgency scales to assess rash responses in each of four contexts – “Upset,” “Excited,” “Tired,” and “Hungry” – and a fifth “In General” set. After data cleaning, we used principal components analysis to construct a unidimensional, 4-item set that was applied to capture impulsive behavior across the five contexts.ResultsWe found that this research tool, called the Contexts of Impulsive Behaviors (CIBS), replicated in the second dataset, and it had adequate internal reliability in both samples. Although the Emotion Specific model was supported by the fact that the Upset context had a greater mean and greater variance than the Tired and Hungry contexts, most results supported the Broader Contexts model. That is, CIBS contexts were highly intercorrelated, and bivariate correlations with psychopathology were not significantly different across contexts. In partial correlations, effects of the Upset and Excited contexts were partially or fully statistically mediated by the Tired and Hungry contexts.DiscussionThese findings suggest that emotions are potent contexts for impulsive behaviors. At the same time, those with high urgency are vulnerable to impulsivity in other contexts, such as fatigue and hunger, that challenge the regulatory functions of the prefrontal cortex. Limitations, future directions, and clinical implications are discussed.
Working alliance and its link to guidance in an internet-based intervention for depressive disorders: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Haaf Raoul , Schefft Cora , Krämer Rico , Klein Jan Philipp , Köhler Stephan 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundGuided Internet-based interventions (IBIs) are typically found to be more effective than unguided ones, but the reasons behind this are not well understood. The therapist-client working alliance, crucial in face-to-face psychotherapy, is also increasingly recognized as an important factor in IBIs. This study examines trajectories of the working alliance and its relationship to therapeutic guidance through a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on Selfapy, a 12-week IBI based on cognitive behavioral therapy for depressive disorders. The trial compared a therapist-guided version (with weekly calls) to an unguided version (n = 301, mean age 37 years, 83% female, mean BDI-II = 30.09).MethodsBased on an intention-to-treat approach, this study investigates within- and between-group differences in the quality of the working alliance, assessed with the WAI-SR questionnaire at mid- and post-treatment via repeated measures ANOVA. Furthermore, correlations and mediation analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between the working alliance and outcomes, as well as adherence parameters.ResultsFindings indicate that the IBI was successful in fostering a robust working alliance in both intervention groups, with similar ratings at mid-treatment but significantly higher ratings in the guided group at post-treatment (Cohen’s d = -0.38). Post-treatment working alliance scores were positively linked to symptom reduction at post-treatment (guided: r = .25, unguided r = .15) and follow-up (guided: r = .25, unguided: r = .17). In the unguided group, the association was primarily driven by the subscale task. Serial mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between guidance and outcomes at follow-up was mediated by working alliance (b = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.14, 1.22) and a link between working alliance and adherence (b = 0.15; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.34).ConclusionsConsidering limitations like using a questionnaire developed for face-to-face therapy, findings support the importance of the working alliance in guided IBIs, while also providing new insights into its role and formation in unguided IBIs. The potential benefits of a strong working alliance, notably by improving adherence, may prove crucial for integrating guided as well as unguided IBIs into routine use, indicating the need for additional research in this context.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://tinyurl.com/2p9h5hnx, German Clinical Trials Register DRKS00017191.
The effects of psychological safety and employee voice behavior on flight attendants’ mindful safety practices adoption
Authors: Hu Shi , Nadeem Muhammad Aamir , Luo Ji , Yi Xiaobo 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionFlight attendants, as the front-line staff in the cabin, play a crucial role in improving air travel safety. This research explores how psychological safety affects flight attendants’ adoption of mindful safety practices through voice participation. This mechanism also identifies ethical leadership and traditionality as two moderators.MethodsA self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data from 621 flight attendants in Chinese private commercial airline companies. PLS-SEM (partial least square structured equation modeling) is used to examine the hypotheses proposed in the present study.ResultsAfter data analysis, the results reveal that the underlying mechanism covering both mediating and moderating effects through which flight attendants’ voluntary and extra-role safety behavior could be improved.DiscussionThe findings extend the existing literature regarding the antecedents of flight attendants’ mindful safety practices adoption and obstacles to employee voice participation. Managerial implications are also provided in the commercial aviation industry and discussed along with future research directions.
The relationship between multimorbidity and cognitive function in older Chinese adults: based on propensity score matching
Authors: Zhang Yumeng , Yuan Xiaoli , Jiang Zhixia , Hu Rujun , Liang Heting , Mao Qingyun , Xiong Yan , Zhang Jiabi , Liu Mi 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to further validate the effect of multimorbidity on cognitive performance in older adults after controlling for confounders using propensity score matching (PSM).MethodsA cross-sectional survey of older adult people aged 60 years or older selected by convenience sampling was conducted in seven medical institutions, three communities, and five nursing homes in Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. The data collected included general information, health-related information, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Variables were controlled for confounders by PSM to analyze differences in cognitive ability between multimorbidity and nonmultimorbidity older adults. Logistic regression and multivariate-adjusted restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves for matched samples were used to assess the relationship between multimorbidity and cognitive decline.ResultsA total of 14,175 respondents were enrolled, and the mean age of the participants included in this study was 71.26 ± 7.1 years, including 7,170 (50. 58%) of the participants were males, 7,005 (49.42%) were females, and 5,482 participants (38.67%) were screened for cognitive decline. After PSM, logistic regression analysis revealed that multimorbidity was a risk factor for cognitive decline (OR = 1.392, 95% CI = 1.271–1.525, p &lt; 0.001). The RCS show that the risk of cognitive decline is always greater in older adults with multimorbidity than in older adults without multimorbidity at the same age. Age, sex, marital status, educational level, monthly income, drinking status, participation in social activities, and exercise were influential factors for cognitive decline in older adults (p &lt; 0.05). The incidence of cognitive decline in older adults with multimorbidity was also greater than that in older adults with one chronic disease (p &lt; 0.001).ConclusionThe risk of cognitive decline in older adults with multimorbidity is greater than that in older adults without multimorbidity; therefore, the government should strengthen the prevention and treatment of multimorbidity in older adults to further protect their cognitive abilities.