bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Choice of Surgical Procedure for Patients With Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer ≤ 1 cm or > 1 to 2 cm Among Lobectomy, Segmentectomy, and Wedge Resection: A Population-Based Study
Authors: Dai Chenyang , Shen Jianfei , Ren Yijiu , Zhong Shengyi , Zheng Hui , He Jiaxi , Xie Dong , Fei Ke , Liang Wenhua , Jiang Gening , Yang Ping , Petersen Rene Horsleben , Ng Calvin S.H. , Liu Chia-Chuan , Rocco Gaetano , Brunelli Alessandro , Shen Yaxing , Chen Chang , He Jianxing 
Published: July 2016

Purpose According to the lung cancer staging project, T1a (≤ 2 cm) non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) should be additionally classified into ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm groups. This study aimed to investigate the surgical procedure for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. Methods We identified 15,760 patients with T1aN0M0 NSCLC after surgery from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Overall survival (OS) and lung cancer–specific survival (LCSS) were compared among patients after lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection. The proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate multiple prognostic factors. Results OS and LCSS favored lobectomy compared with segmentectomy or wedge resection in patients with NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. Multivariable analysis showed that segmentectomy and wedge resection were independently associated with poorer OS and LCSS than lobectomy for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. With sublobar resection, lower OS and LCSS emerged for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm after wedge resection, whereas similar survivals were observed for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm. Multivariable analyses showed that wedge resection is an independent risk factor of survival for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm but not for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm. Conclusion Lobectomy showed better survival than sublobar resection for patients with NSCLC ≤ 1 cm and > 1 to 2 cm. For patients in whom lobectomy is unsuitable, segmentectomy should be recommended for NSCLC > 1 to 2 cm, whereas surgeons could rely on surgical skills and the patient profile to decide between segmentectomy and wedge resection for NSCLC ≤ 1 cm.
Continued Risk of Relapse Independent of Treatment Modality in Limited-Stage Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: Final and Long-Term Analysis of Southwest Oncology Group Study S8736
Authors: Stephens Deborah M. , Li Hongli , LeBlanc Michael L. , Puvvada Soham D. , Persky Daniel , Friedberg Jonathan W. , Smith Sonali M. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Utility of combined-modality therapy for patients with limited-stage diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) was shown in the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) S8736 study, where three cycles of CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) plus radiotherapy (CHOP3RT) improved 5-year progression-free (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared with eight cycles of CHOP (CHOP8). Subsequent analysis showed an unexpected overlap of the PFS curves. We aimed to confirm and investigate this observation by performing long-term analysis of SWOG S8736 and evaluating these data alongside data from similar patients receiving rituximab and CHOP3RT (SWOG S0014 study). Patients and Methods A subset of patients with limited-stage DLBCL randomly assigned to CHOP8 (n = 150) or CHOP3RT (n = 158) in S8736 was analyzed along with a 56-patient subset treated in S0014 for long-term PFS and OS. Results Median follow-up in S8736 was 17.7 years. In patients receiving CHOP8 and CHOP3RT, median PFS was 12.0 (95% CI, 8.8 to 14.3) and 11.1 years (95% CI, 8.9 to 14.4), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in PFS between the groups (P = .73). Median OS was 13.0 (95% CI, 10.4 to 15.2) and 13.7 years (95% CI, 11.1 to 19.4) for patients treated with CHOP8 and CHOP3RT, respectively. Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences in OS between the groups (P = .38). With a median follow-up time 12 years in S0014, 5- and 10-year OS were 82% and 67%, respectively, with a persistent pattern of relapse despite the addition of rituximab. Conclusion Although 5-year PFS and OS were improved after early analysis in patients with limited-stage DLBCL receiving CHOP3RT versus CHOP8, extended survival data showed similar PFS and OS, with continuous treatment failure. The addition of rituximab (S0014) to combined-modality therapy did not mitigate the continued relapse risk, underscoring the value of prolonged clinical trial patient observation and possible unique biology of limited-stage DLBCL.
CNS International Prognostic Index: A Risk Model for CNS Relapse in Patients With Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Treated With R-CHOP
Authors: Schmitz Norbert , Zeynalova Samira , Nickelsen Maike , Kansara Roopesh , Villa Diego , Sehn Laurie H. , Glass Bertram , Scott David W. , Gascoyne Randy D. , Connors Joseph M. , Ziepert Marita , Pfreundschuh Michael , Loeffler Markus , Savage Kerry J. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose To develop and validate a risk score for relapse in the CNS in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Patients and Methods A total of 2,164 patients (18 to 80 years old) with aggressive B-cell lymphomas (80% DLBCL) treated with rituximab and CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone)-like chemotherapy, who were enrolled in studies from the German High-Grade Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Study Group and the MabThera International Trial, were analyzed for occurrence of relapse/progression in the CNS. The resulting risk model was validated in an independent data set of 1,597 patients with DLBCL identified in the British Columbia Cancer Agency Lymphoid Cancer database. Results The risk model consists of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) factors in addition to involvement of kidneys and/or adrenal glands (CNS-IPI). In a three-risk group model, the low-risk group (46% of all patients analyzed), the intermediate-risk group (41%), and the high-risk group (12%) showed 2-year rates of CNS disease of 0.6% (CI, 0% to 1.2%), 3.4% (CI, 2.2% to 4.4%), and 10.2% (CI, 6.3% to 14.1%), respectively. Patients from the validation British Columbia Cancer Agency data set showed similar rates of CNS disease for low-risk (0.8%; CI, 0.0% to 1.6%), intermediate-risk (3.9%; CI, 2.3% to 5.5%), and high-risk (12.0%; CI, 7.9% to 16.1%) groups. Conclusion The CNS-IPI is a robust, highly reproducible tool that can be used to estimate the risk of CNS relapse/progression in patients with DLBCL treated with R-CHOP (rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy. Close to 90% of patients with DLBCL belong to the low- and intermediate-risk groups and have a CNS relapse risk < 5%; they may be spared any diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. In contrast, those in the high-risk group have a > 10% risk of CNS relapse and should be considered for CNS-directed investigations and prophylactic interventions.
BRAF Mutation Correlates With High-Risk Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis and Increased Resistance to First-Line Therapy
Authors: Héritier Sébastien , Emile Jean-François , Barkaoui Mohamed-Aziz , Thomas Caroline , Fraitag Sylvie , Boudjemaa Sabah , Renaud Florence , Moreau Anne , Peuchmaur Michel , Chassagne-Clément Catherine , Dijoud Frédérique , Rigau Valérie , Moshous Despina , Lambilliotte Anne , Mazingue Françoise , Kebaili Kamila , Miron Jean , Jeziorski Eric , Plat Geneviève , Aladjidi Nathalie , Ferster Alina , Pacquement Hélène , Galambrun Claire , Brugières Laurence , Leverger Guy , Mansuy Ludovic , Paillard Catherine , Deville Anne , Armari-Alla Corinne , Lutun Anne , Gillibert-Yvert Marion , Stephan Jean-Louis , Cohen-Aubart Fleur , Haroche Julien , Pellier Isabelle , Millot Frédéric , Lescoeur Brigitte , Gandemer Virginie , Bodemer Christine , Lacave Roger , Hélias-Rodzewicz Zofia , Taly Valérie , Geissmann Frédéric , Donadieu Jean 
Published: July 2016

Purpose Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is an inflammatory myeloid neoplasia with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations and outcomes in children. The somatic BRAFV600E mutation occurs frequently, but clinical significance remains to be determined. Patients and Methods BRAFV600E mutation was investigated in a French LCH cohort. We analyzed associations between mutation status and clinical presentation, extent of disease, reactivation rate, response to therapy, and long-term permanent sequelae. Results Among 315 patients with successfully determined BRAF status, 173 (54.6%) carried a BRAFV600E mutation. Patients with BRAFV600E manifested more severe disease than did those with wild-type BRAF. Patients with BRAFV600E comprised 87.8% of patients (43 of 49) with multisystem LCH with risk organ involvement (liver, spleen, hematology), 68.6% of patients (35 of 51) with multisystem LCH without risk organ involvement, 43.9% of patients (86 of 196) with single-system LCH, and 42.1% of patients (8 of 19) with lung-involved LCH (P < .001). BRAFV600E mutation was also associated with organ involvement that could lead to permanent, irreversible damage, such as neurologic (75%) and pituitary (72.9%) injuries. Compared with patients with wild-type BRAF, patients with BRAFV600E more commonly displayed resistance to combined vinblastine and corticosteroid therapy (21.9% v 3.3%; P = .001), showed a higher reactivation rate (5-year reactivation rate, 42.8% v 28.1%; P = .006), and had more permanent, long-term consequences from disease or treatment (27.9% v 12.6%; P = .001). Conclusion In children with LCH, BRAFV600E mutation was associated with high-risk features, permanent injury, and poor short-term response to chemotherapy. Further population-based studies should be undertaken to confirm our observations and to assess the impact of BRAF inhibitors for this subgroup of patients who may benefit from targeted therapy.
Endocrine Abnormalities in Aging Survivors of Childhood Cancer: A Report From the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study
Authors: Mostoufi-Moab Sogol , Seidel Kristy , Leisenring Wendy M. , Armstrong Gregory T. , Oeffinger Kevin C. , Stovall Marilyn , Meacham Lillian R. , Green Daniel M. , Weathers Rita , Ginsberg Jill P. , Robison Leslie L. , Sklar Charles A. 
Published: July 2016

Purpose The development of endocrinopathies in survivors of childhood cancer as they age remains understudied. We characterized endocrine outcomes in aging survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study on the basis of therapeutic exposures. Patients and Methods We analyzed self-reported conditions in 14,290 5-year survivors from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study, with a median age 6 years (range, < 1 to 20 years) at diagnosis and 32 years (range, 5 to 58 years) at last follow-up. Identification of high-risk therapeutic exposures was adopted from the Children’s Oncology Group Long-Term Follow-Up Guidelines. Cumulative incidence curves and prevalence estimates quantified and regression models compared risks of primary hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid neoplasms, hypopituitarism, obesity, diabetes mellitus, or gonadal dysfunction between survivors and siblings. Results The cumulative incidence and prevalence of endocrine abnormalities increased across the lifespan of survivors (P < .01 for all). Risk was significantly higher in survivors exposed to high-risk therapies compared with survivors not so exposed for primary hypothyroidism (hazard ratio [HR], 6.6; 95% CI, 5.6 to 7.8), hyperthyroidism (HR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.2 to 2.8), thyroid nodules (HR, 6.3; 95% CI, 5.2 to 7.5), thyroid cancer (HR, 9.2; 95% CI, 6.2 to 13.7), growth hormone deficiency (HR, 5.3; 95% CI, 4.3 to 6.4), obesity (relative risk, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.7 to 2.0), and diabetes mellitus (relative risk, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.6 to 2.4). Women exposed to high-risk therapies had six-fold increased risk for premature ovarian insufficiency (P < .001), and men demonstrated higher prevalence of testosterone replacement (P < .001) after cyclophosphamide equivalent dose of 20 g/m2 or greater or testicular irradiation with 20 Gy or greater. Survivors demonstrated an increased risk for all thyroid disorders and diabetes mellitus regardless of treatment exposures compared with siblings (P < .001 for all). Conclusion Endocrinopathies in survivors increased substantially over time, underscoring the need for lifelong subspecialty follow-up of those at risk.
Ambient Light Exposure and Changes in Obesity Parameters: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort
Authors: Obayashi Kenji , Saeki Keigo , Kurumatani Norio 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Context:
Previous epidemiological studies have suggested an association between nighttime light levels and the prevalence of obesity, although evidence is limited to cross-sectional studies.

Objective:
To evaluate the longitudinal association between ambient light exposure and the subsequent changes in obesity parameters.

Design and Participants:
Data from 1110 elderly participants at baseline (mean age, 71.9 years) and data from 766 at follow-up (median, 21 months) were included in this prospective population-based study.

Measures:
Time-dependent ambient light exposure based on objective measurements and changes in the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and body mass index (BMI) were measured.

Results:
Multivariable mixed-effect linear regression models showed a significant association between light exposure and the %WHtR gain; this was independent of potential confounders (eg, caloric intake, physical activity, and sleep/wake parameters). Nighttime or evening exposure to higher light intensity was significantly associated with subsequent %WHtR gain. Morning exposure to a longer time ≥500 lux or nighttime exposure to a longer time &lt;3 lux was significantly associated with subsequent %WHtR loss. These association trends were nearly consistent when the BMI was used as an obesity parameter. Increased nighttime light exposure (mean ≥3 vs &lt;3 lux) was estimated to correspond to a 10.2% WHtR gain and a 10.0% increase in BMI over 10 years.

Conclusions:
Ambient light exposure, such as increased nighttime or evening light exposure and decreased morning light exposure, was independently associated with subsequent increases in obesity parameters. Further interventional studies are warranted to establish an optimal controlled lighting environment as a preventive option against obesity.
Hallmarks of progeroid syndromes: lessons from mice and reprogrammed cells
Authors: Carrero Dido , Soria-Valles Clara , López-Otín Carlos 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Ageing is a process that inevitably affects most living organisms and involves the accumulation of macromolecular damage, genomic instability and loss of heterochromatin. Together, these alterations lead to a decline in stem cell function and to a reduced capability to regenerate tissue. In recent years, several genetic pathways and biochemical mechanisms that contribute to physiological ageing have been described, but further research is needed to better characterize this complex biological process. Because premature ageing (progeroid) syndromes, including progeria, mimic many of the characteristics of human ageing, research into these conditions has proven to be very useful not only to identify the underlying causal mechanisms and identify treatments for these pathologies, but also for the study of physiological ageing. In this Review, we summarize the main cellular and animal models used in progeria research, with an emphasis on patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cell models, and define a series of molecular and cellular hallmarks that characterize progeroid syndromes and parallel physiological ageing. Finally, we describe the therapeutic strategies being investigated for the treatment of progeroid syndromes, and their main limitations.
Scientific Basis of Constructing the Structural Model of the School Students� Functional Competence
Authors: ������  , Sedova E. , �����  , Sedov Sergey 
Published: July 2016

The article describes an approach to structuring educational results based upon the M.S. Kagan�s fi ve-component model of personal potential (cognitive,
axiological, creative, communicative and aesthetical potentials). Under the term �students� functional competence� we understand their readiness for socio-
economic activity and ability to integrate into their social environment. We consider the principles of constructing the structural model of the school
students� functional competence and its didactical possibilities aimed at harmonizing the socialization process of the students.
A Framework to Support the Sharing and Re-Use of Computable Phenotype Definitions
Across Health Care Delivery and Clinical Research Applications
Authors: Richesson Rachel , Smerek Michelle , Cameron C. Blake 
Published: July 2016

Introduction: The ability to reproducibly identify clinically equivalent patient
populations is critical to the vision of learning health care systems that implement and
evaluate evidence-based treatments. The use of common or semantically equivalent
phenotype definitions across research and health care use cases will support this aim.
Currently, there is no single consolidated repository for computable phenotype
definitions, making it difficult to find all definitions that already exist, and also
hindering the sharing of definitions between user groups.Method: Drawing from our
experience in an academic medical center that supports a number of multisite research
projects and quality improvement studies, we articulate a framework that will support
the sharing of phenotype definitions across research and health care use cases, and
highlight gaps and areas that need attention and collaborative solutions.Framework: An
infrastructure for re-using computable phenotype definitions and sharing experience
across health care delivery and clinical research applications includes: access to a
collection of existing phenotype definitions, information to evaluate their
appropriateness for particular applications, a knowledge base of implementation
guidance, supporting tools that are user-friendly and intuitive, and a willingness to
use them.Next Steps: We encourage prospective researchers and health administrators to
re-use existing EHR-based condition definitions where appropriate and share their
results with others to support a national culture of learning health care. There are a
number of federally funded resources to support these activities, and research sponsors
should encourage their use.
Resonance in the perturbations of a synchronous satellite due to angular rate of the earth-moon system around the sun and the earthâ€™s rotation rate
Authors: Yadav Sushil , Aggarwal Rajiv , Kaur Bhavneet 
Published: July 2016

This paper investigates resonances in the perturbations of a synchronous satellite including its latitude, angular rate of the earth-moon system around the sun and the earthâ€™s rotation rate about its axis. This is found that resonances occur due to the commensurability between (i) angular velocity of the satellite and angular rate of earthâ€™s rotation about its axis and (ii) angular rate of the earth-moon system around the sun and angular rate of the rotation of the earth. Amplitude and time-period of the oscillation at the resonance points are determined using the procedure of Brown and Shook [3]. Effect of Â (orbital angle of the mass-centre of the earth-moon system around the sun) on amplitude and time period is also analyzed. It is found that for increasing the values of Â from to Â amplitude decreases and time period also decreases. Effect of time on the latitude of the satellite including earth oblateness is also studied. It is seen that for increasing the value of , there is a small change in ,Â the latitude of the synchronous satellite.
PADRONIZAÇÃO DE EXCIPIENTES PARA MANIPULAÇÃO DE CÁPSULAS GELATINOSAS DURAS CONTENDO EXTRATO SECO DE VALERIANA (Valeriana officinalis), PRODUZIDAS NO PROJETO FARMÁCIA VIVA EM SOBRAL-CE
Authors: Costa Antônio Neudimar Bastos , Vasconcelos Thalles Yuri Loiola , Melo Tiago Sousa de , Lima Patrícia Rodrigues Sousa , Costa Renata Albuquerque , Nascimento Aristides Ávilo do 
Published: July 2016

O Projeto Farmácia Viva é o primeiro projeto de assistência social farmacêutica desenvolvido no Brasil baseado no emprego científico de plantas medicinais. Dentre as formulações padronizadas a partir de cápsulas gelatinosas duras, destacam-se as cápsulas contendo Extrato Seco de Valeriana. Para manipulação dessas cápsulas, é necessária uma quantidade adicional de excipientes, que possuem papel importante na qualidade, segurança e no desempenho do medicamento. O objetivo deste estudo é padronizar excipientes para formulação fitoterápica em cápsulas manipuladas no Projeto Farmácia Viva. A metodologia seguida foi por meio de análise bibliográfica sobre os variados excipientes e fitoterápicos e análise de bulas de medicamentos para posterior sugestão de padronização. Foram manipuladas 30 cápsulas e submetidas ao controle da qualidade, onde foram avaliados o peso médio, limite de variação, coeficiente de variação, desvio padrão e variação do conteúdo teórico das cápsulas. A formulação de Valeriana proposta teve como excipientes escolhidos o estearato de magnésio (0,5 %) como lubrificante, o dióxido de silício coloidal (1,0 %) como deslizante, o talco farmacêutico (1,0 %) como adsorvente, o amido farmacêutico (73,0 %) como um diluente hidrofóbico, lactose monohidratada (24,5 %) como um diluente hidrofílico. Todos os resultados do controle da qualidade obtidos atenderam as especificações farmacopeicas.
ESTRATÉGIAS TECNOLÓGICAS PARA FORMULAÇÕES DE ANFOTERICINA B EM SISTEMAS LIPÍDICOS DISPONÍVEIS NO MERCADO FARMACÊUTICO E OUTROS PROMISSORES SISTEMAS DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO
Authors: Arruda Gustavo Julio Borges , Rossanezi Gustavo , Scarpa Maria Virginia , Egito Erivaldo Socrates Tabosa do , Oliveira Anselmo Gomes de 
Published: July 2016

A anfotericina B (AmB) é um fármaco antifúngico utilizado no tratamento de micoses sistêmicas desde sua descoberta nos anos de 1950. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer o estado da arte das estratégias tecnológicas envolvidas nas formas de administração da AmB, nas intervenções diretas nos aspectos de melhoria de solubilidade do fármaco, que possibilitem sua administração por via intravenosa (iv) e minimizem sua toxicidade. Devido à limitada utilidade clínica do sal de desoxicolato (Fungizon®) em razão de sua alta toxicidade, sistemas de liberação mais eficientes foram desenvolvidos. Neste trabalho, são apresentadas as principais formulações disponíveis no mercado farmacêutico e outras formulações lipídicas promissoras, as quais se mostraram mais eficazes como veículos de solubilização e menos tóxicas quando comparadas com a AmB esoxicolato, mas ainda não fazem parte da rotina hospitalar para o tratamento de micoses profundas.