bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Consumption growth, the interest rate, and financial sophistication
Authors: JAPPELLI TULLIO , PADULA MARIO 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe propose a model in which financial sophistication improves portfolio returns and therefore the incentive to substitute consumption intertemporally. The model delivers an Euler equation in which consumption growth is positively correlated with financial sophistication. We test the model's prediction using panel data on consumption and financial sophistication drawn from the Italian Survey of Household Income and Wealth. We find that consumption growth is positively correlated with financial sophistication, as predicted by the model. We also provide estimates of the intertemporal elasticity of substitution in the range between 0.4 and 0.6.
Age and Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation Strategies: Autobiographical Memory, Rumination, Problem Solving and Distraction
Authors: Ricarte Trives Jorge Javier , Navarro Bravo Beatriz , Latorre Postigo José Miguel , Ros Segura Laura , Watkins Ed 
Published: July 2016

AbstractOur study tested the hypothesis that older adults and men use more adaptive emotion regulatory strategies but fewer negative emotion regulatory strategies than younger adults and women. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that rumination acts as a mediator variable for the effect of age and gender on depression scores. Differences in rumination, problem solving, distraction, autobiographical recall and depression were assessed in a group of young adults (18–29 years) compared to a group of older adults (50–76 years). The older group used more problem solving and distraction strategies when in a depressed state than their younger counterparts (ps< .05). The younger participants reported more rumination (p< .01). Women scored higher in depression scores and lower in distraction than men (ps< .05). There were no significant effects of age, gender, or interaction of age by gender on the recall of specific autobiographical memories (ps> .06). Ordinary least squares regression analyses with bootstrapping showed that rumination mediated the association between age, gender and depression scores. These results suggest that older adults and men select more adaptive strategies to regulate emotions than young adults and women with rumination acting as a significant mediator variable in the association between age, gender, and depression.
Magnetic vortex chirality determination via local hysteresis loops measurements with magnetic force microscopy
Authors: Coïsson Marco , Barrera Gabriele , Celegato Federica , Manzin Alessandra , Vinai Franco , Tiberto Paola 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMagnetic vortex chirality in patterned square dots has been investigated by means of a field-dependent magnetic force microscopy technique that allows to measure local hysteresis loops. The chirality affects the two loop branches independently, giving rise to curves that have different shapes and symmetries as a function of the details of the magnetisation reversal process in the square dot, that is studied both experimentally and through micromagnetic simulations. The tip-sample interaction is taken into account numerically and exploited experimentally, to influence the side of the square where nucleation of the vortex preferably occurs, therefore providing a way to both measure and drive chirality with the present technique.
Parkinson-like phenotype in insulin-resistant PED/PEA-15 transgenic mice
Authors: Perruolo Giuseppe , Viggiano Davide , Fiory Francesca , Cassese Angela , Nigro Cecilia , Liotti Antonietta , Miele Claudia , Beguinot Francesco , Formisano Pietro 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNeurological abnormalities, such as Parkinson-like disorders (PlD), are often co-morbidities of Type 2 Diabetic (T2D) patients, although the epidemiological link between these two disorders remains controversial. The PED/PEA-15 protein represents a possible candidate linking T2D and PD, because it is increased in subjects with T2D and is highly expressed in the brain. To test this hypothesis, we have analyzed the neurological and neurochemical phenotype of transgenic mice overexpressing PED/PEA-15 (tgPED). These mice develop impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance, accompanied by neurological features resembling PlD: feet clasping, slow and delayed locomotor movements in different behavioral tests in absence of clear cognitive deficits, ataxia or anxiety. Morphological analysis of the brains showed selective modifications of metabolic activity in the striatal region. In the same region, we have observed 26% decrease of dopamine fibers, confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western Blot for tyrosine hydroxylase. Moreover, they also showed 48% reduction of dopamine levels in the striatum. Thus the tgPED mice may represent a genetic animal model of neurological disease linked to T2D.
Value of Ki-67 expression in triple-negative breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin
Authors: Wang Ruo-Xi , Chen Sheng , Jin Xi , Shao Zhi-Ming 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNeoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) is one of the main treatment strategies for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. In this study, we focused on the predictive and prognostic value of Ki-67 in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients who received NCT. Data from 280 patients with stage II–III TNBC were collected. All patients were treated according to the same protocol with weekly paclitaxel and carboplatin. The overall pCR rate was 33.9%. Both the categorical and linear Ki-67 were independently correlated with pCR (P < 0.001). There were also statistically significant differences among Ki-67 categories with respect to clinical response (P < 0.001), Miller-Payne (MP) grades (P < 0.001), and node status (P < 0.001). A significant reduction of Ki-67 after NCT was most likely observed in patients with a relatively better response. In the multivariate model for non-pCR patients, Ki-67 reduction presented an independent prognostic value for relapse of disease (HR = 0.986, 95% CI: 0.978–0.994; P = 0.001). This study had indicated that the primary Ki-67 might help in further classifying TNBCs into subtypes with different responses to chemotherapy and a significant reduction of Ki-67 after treatment could indicate a favorable prognosis in non-pCR patients.
Unconscious ties that bind – attending to complexes in the classroom: part 2
Authors: Fidyk Alexandra L. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTContinuing the argument from Part 1, regarding the cultural unconscious and cultural complexes, a case is made for the significance of attending to the unconscious in the classroom. Understanding of cultural and familial complexes and the way parental psychology gets replayed within schools aims to bring greater awareness to the psychology of group life. Here specific attention is given to the family unconscious, family complexes, family soul, and the ancestors – both personal and archetypal. A method borrowed from family constellation work and rooted in African traditions of healing is outlined. This method is offered in an effort to unlock unconscious familial patterns whereby the emergence of new images may not only contribute to healing but also might have long-term effects on learning. Transgenerational patterns shaped by traumatic experiences, life events, cultural and environmental factors affect students, and so their learning. Parallel findings in epigenetics are also considered to be able to better contribute in long-lasting ways to resolving conflict, as well as to understanding deeper issues affecting our relations within education.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa renews its virulence factors
Authors: Huber Philippe , Basso Pauline , Reboud Emeline , Attrée Ina 
Published: July 2016

SummaryHighly divergent strains of the major human opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa have been isolated around the world by different research laboratories. They came from patients with various types of infectious diseases or from the environment. These strains are devoid of the major virulence factor used by classical strains, the Type III secretion system, but possess additional putative virulence factors, including a novel two‐partner secretion system, ExlBA, responsible for the hypervirulent behavior of some clinical isolates. Here, we review the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of these recently‐discovered P. aeruginosa outliers.
Global Governance and Global Summits from the G8 to the G20: History, Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Prodi Romano 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPivotal informal organizations, above all the G20, the G7 and the BRICS, have accumulated growing power in recent years. At a basic level, informal organizations differ from the formal institutions such as the UN and the IMF in a number of key ways: membership structure; foundational or legitimizational character and level of bureaucracy. What are the implications of this phenomenon for global governance? What does this shift from a hub club to a focal point network imply for innovation in modes of cooperation? The author has participated in numerous such summits, in his capacity as Prime Minister of Italy and President of the European Commission, and shares his first‐hand thoughts.
Optimisation of aqueous extraction conditions for the recovery of phenolic compounds and antioxidants from lemon pomace
Authors: Papoutsis Konstantinos , Pristijono Penta , Golding John B. , Stathopoulos Costas E. , Bowyer Michael C. , Scarlett Christopher J. , Vuong Quan V. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to optimise the aqueous extraction conditions for the recovery of phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity of lemon pomace using response surface methodology. An experiment based on Box–Behnken design was conducted to analyse the effects of temperature, time and sample‐to‐water ratio on the extraction of total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and antioxidant capacity. Sample‐to‐solvent ratio had a negative effect on all the dependent variables, while extraction temperature and time had a positive effect only on TPC yields and ABTS antioxidant capacity. The optimal extraction conditions were 95 °C, 15 min and a sample‐to‐solvent ratio of 1:100 g mL−1. Under these conditions, the aqueous extracts had the same content of TPC and TF as well as antioxidant capacity in comparison with those of methanol extracts obtained by sonication. Therefore, these conditions could be applied for further extraction and isolation of phenolic compounds from lemon pomace.
Biopolymer films and the effects of added lipids, nanoparticles and antimicrobials on their mechanical and barrier properties: a review
Authors: Castro‐Rosas Javier , Cruz‐Galvez Andres M. , Gomez‐Aldapa Carlos Alberto , Falfan‐Cortes Reyna N. , Guzman‐Ortiz Fabiola Araceli , Rodríguez‐Marín Maria Luisa 
Published: July 2016

SummaryPackaging made from biodegradable biopolymers such as proteins, polysaccharides and lipids is a promising alternative to synthetic polymers. Films made from these biopolymers exhibit certain disadvantages in terms of their mechanical, barrier and physicochemical properties. Plasticisers, nanoparticles, lipids and antimicrobial compounds can be added to them to improve these properties. The tendency of biopolymer films to brittleness can be mitigated by adding plasticisers and/or nanoparticles. These films also tend to have high water vapour permeability, which can be reduced by adding lipids and/or nanoparticles. Incorporating natural compounds with antimicrobial activity into biopolymer films can provide them the advantages of maintaining food safety and extending shelf life. Addition of plasticisers, nanoparticles, lipids and/or antimicrobial compounds to biopolymer films can help to make them comparable to conventional synthetic films with the advantages that they reduce pollution and are biodegradable.
Doodling Effects on Junior High School Students’ Learning
Authors: Tadayon Mariam , Afhami Reza 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe main purpose of this study was to assess the effects of doodling on the learning performance of high school female students in Tehran. The design of this research was a pre‐test–post‐test with a control group. A group of 169 junior high school 12–13 year‐old students was chosen for this study. After being taught a section of the Natural Science course, the students were asked to answer questions related to the lessons. After that, their grades were used as the pre‐test scores. The post‐test was carried out after the devised treatment. During ten sessions of the same course and teacher, the students were each given a blank sheet of paper and were asked for doodling if they felt like doing it. After each session, a couple of relevant written questions were asked to evaluate how well students had learned the lessons. The experiment and control group both consisted of 27 randomly selected students; participants in the experiment group were doodlers and those in the control group did not doodle. To evaluate the doodling effect a t‐test analysis was performed. Comparison of the grades showed that the experiment group outperformed the control group significantly.
A Protocol for Treatment of Minor Orthodontic Relapse During Retention
Authors: Brezulier Damien , Turpin Yann‐Loïg , Sorel Olivier 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectivesSuccessful orthodontic treatment presupposes that the esthetic and functional outcomes are maintained. Bonded retainers on the incisors and canines provide this stability. Failure of one or two units exposes the teeth to a relapse. This article describes the use of a retainer wire and an elastic device to provide rapid, effective and esthetic correction of incipient crowding.Clinical aspectsAfter removing the retainer, a fixed appliance comprising a replacement retainer and a clear elastic are positioned. This device exerts a free tipping force on malpositioned teeth. The space required to realign the contact points is obtained by stripping. When the misaligned teeth are corrected, they are bonded to the retainer and the height of the incisal edges is equalized.ConclusionsThe combination of a new elastic‐activated retainer and stripping makes it possible to ensure rapid and effective correction of moderate relapsed crowding.Clinical SignificanceThis article demonstrates the efficacy of a retainer used to correct incipient relapsing crowding. The esthetics of the anterior alignment is restored by means of an almost invisible device. This solution also permits functional guidance to be restored with minimal intervention on the dental tissues while avoiding conventional esthetic techniques involving lingual brackets. (J Esthet Restor Dent 28:359–366,2016)
Spilanthol Content in the Extract Obtained by Supercritical CO2 at Different Storage Times of Acmella Oleracea L.
Authors: Barbosa Alan Franco , Pereira Cristiane De Souza Siqueira , Mendes Marisa Fernandes , De Carvalho Junior Raul Nunes , De Carvalho Mário Geraldo , Maia José Guilherme Soares , Sabaa‐Srur Armando Ubirajara Oliveira 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe effect of the storage time on spilanthol content in the extract from Jambu obtained by supercritical CO2 was evaluated on respect of their chemical properties. Lyophilized Jambu and partially dehydrated with cold air circulation was stored in an oven at 40°C for 195 days. After different storage times (0, 21, 41, 89 and 195 days), the samples were submitted to supercritical fluid extraction at the same operational condition of 300 bar and 40°C. The obtained extracts were analyzed by 1H and 1³C NMR and GC‐MS. The extract from lyophilized Jambu and from different storage times provided the respective spilanthol content, % (storage days): 1.07 (lyophilized); 0.68 (0); 0.41 (21); 0.31 (41); 0.41 (89) and 0.42 (195). These determinations allowed the identification of the constant presence of spilanthol as the major metabolite in the extracts, regardless of storage time, revealing the viability of the market for this product in chemical composition.Practical ApplicationsThis paper showed the presence of spilanthol in all the extracts from a supercritical fluid, despite of the different storage times that the raw material (Jambu) was submitted, proving that it did not suffer degradation. This result is significant because spilanthol is considered the most special metabolite present in Jambu. Moreover, it has many biological properties and confers flavor with tingling and salivation during consumption.
Sofosbuvir‐based regimens for the treatment of hepatitis C virus in patients who underwent lung transplant: case series and review of the literature
Authors: D'Ambrosio Roberta , Aghemo Alessio , Rossetti Valeria , Carrinola Rosaria , Colombo Massimo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackgroundChronic infection with HCV can rapidly progress to cirrhosis leading to increased mortality rates in immunosuppressed organ‐transplanted patients. In liver‐transplanted patients, the introduction of directly acting antivirals has modified HCV natural history by providing a safe and effective therapy for this group of patients. To date there are no data on safety and efficacy of IFN‐free regimens in HCV patients who received lung transplant (LuT).MethodsWe report three patients who have received anti‐HCV treatment after LuT with Sofosbuvir‐based regimens.ResultsAll patients achieved a SVR, no unexpected safety signals were observed and no modifications in immunosuppressants were required.ConclusionsOur report is the first to show that HCV patients who underwent LuT can be safely treated with IFN‐free regimens, thus opening the door for refined clinical management of this category of patients.
Flying under the radar: The non‐canonical biochemistry and molecular biology of petrobactin from Bacillus anthracis
Authors: Hagan A.K. , Carlson P.E. , Hanna P.C. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe dramatic, rapid growth of Bacillus anthracis that occurs during systemic anthrax implies a crucial requirement for the efficient acquisition of iron. While recent advances in our understanding of B. anthracis iron acquisition systems indicate the use of strategies similar to other pathogens, this review focuses on unique features of the major siderophore system, petrobactin. Ways that petrobactin differs from other siderophores include: A. unique ferric iron binding moieties that allow petrobactin to evade host immune proteins; B. a biosynthetic operon that encodes enzymes from both major siderophore biosynthesis classes; C. redundancy in membrane transport systems for acquisition of Fe‐petrobactin holo‐complexes; and, D. regulation that appears to be controlled predominately by sensing the host‐like environmental signals of temperature, CO2 levels and oxidative stress, as opposed to canonical sensing of intracellular iron levels. We argue that these differences contribute in meaningful ways to B. anthracis pathogenesis. This review will also outline current major gaps in our understanding of the petrobactin iron acquisition system, some projected means for exploiting current knowledge, and potential future research directions.
Non‐invasive quantification of melanin in the stratum corneum: a novel indicator of skin lesions in pigmentation diseases
Authors: Matsunaka H. , Yamamoto Y. , Furukawa F. 
Published: July 2016

Background/PurposeSkin melanin content is an important indicator for ascertaining the pathology of skin pigmentation diseases, but its analysis necessitates a biopsy or other means of collecting tissue, posing a considerable burden to the patient, and making it difficult to observe how a given skin site changes over time. Here, we aimed to establish a non‐invasive method for quantifying the eumelanin and pheomelanin content of the stratum corneum.MethodsSun‐exposed and non‐exposed samples from 10 healthy Japanese subjects were compared. We harvested the outermost layer of the stratum corneum by tape‐stripping, considering the outer side of the forearm as a sun‐exposed area, and medial side of the upper arm as a non‐exposed area. Four additional subjects were included in the analysis of change in melanin content over time at the same skin site. The anterior lower leg received a single exposure to two minimal erythema dose sunlight, and the stratum corneum was harvested from the same site over a period of 20 weeks; we subsequently quantified the levels of eumelanin and pheomelanin using high‐performance liquid chromatography.ResultsWe were able to accurately quantify the eumelanin and pheomelanin contents of the stratum corneum, and to observe the evolution of the same skin site over time. Eumelanin levels were significantly higher in the sun‐exposed area, with a peak in melanin observed after 11–15 weeks of sun exposure.ConclusionThis non‐invasive method can serve as a marker for pathology of skin pigmentation diseases such as malignant tumors.
Method, MacIntyre, and Pedagogy: Inviting Students to Participate in Theology as a Living Conversation
Authors: Crane Richard D. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractTeaching theology within academic institutions with confessional commitments and theologically conservative students requires holding together, in creative tension, two pedagogical goals. The challenge is to promote rigorous academic inquiry by encouraging student openness to engagement with perspectives that challenge their own beliefs while simultaneously constructing a course that is experienced as a safe space where students do not feel their personal faith is under attack. This essay presents the argument that a methodological framework for introductory theology courses informed by Alasdair MacIntyre's reflections on the nature of living traditions holds great promise for achieving these objectives. The essay will also describe how a creative extended analogy drawn from the game of basketball facilitates student comprehension of this initially abstract intellectual framework. Finally, the essay will offer some representative examples of student participation in course online discussion forums in order to illustrate the effectiveness of this approach for student learning.
Forum: Insiders, Outsiders, and Disclosure in the Undergraduate Classroom
Authors: Bazzano Elliott A. , Truschke Audrey , Yeo Jayme M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn this set of essays, three authors provide different perspectives on whether personal religious sensibilities and identities affect the ways we teach religion. Elliott Bazzano discusses how, as a white Muslim convert teaching at a Catholic college, he incorporates selective autobiographical anecdotes into his classes as a way to problematize the meaning of “insider” and “outsider,” and pushes his students to recognize the many layers of identity that any given person embodies at a given time. In the second essay, Audrey Truschke explains why she makes no reference to her own religious beliefs or affiliations in class as part of her strategy to demonstrate how students can study any religion regardless of personal convictions. In the third essay, Jayme Yeo explores the benefits of discussing personal religious identity as a means to resist the categories of “inside” and “outside,” which she sees as heterogeneous concepts that do not always offer explanatory power upon close examination.