bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impaired Retinal Perfusion Resulting From Vitreoretinal Traction: A Mechanism of Retinal Vascular Insufficiency
Authors: Kashani Amir H. , Zhang Youning , Capone Antonio , Drenser Kimberly A. , Puliafito Carmen , Moshfeghi Andrew A. , Williams George A. , Trese Michael T. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To demonstrate vitreoretinal traction as a mechanism of abnormal retinal vascular perfusion.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Retrospective report of three cases demonstrating vitreoretinal traction concurrent with abnormal retinal perfusion. Subjects were retrospectively identified based on clinical records from two tertiary care retina subspecialty practices. All subjects underwent complete ophthalmic examination and ancillary testing as necessary for their standard clinical care. Vascular perfusion was assessed by one or more methods, including wide-field fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Vitreoretinal traction was assessed by clinical examination; intraoperative surgical observations; and fundus imaging, including wide-field, red-free, and color images as well as OCT.

RESULTS:
Three cases are shown in which vitreoretinal traction was clearly documented and correlated with abnormal retinal vascular perfusion. Abnormal vascular perfusion correlated with the distribution of vessels affected by vitreoretinal traction in all cases. Vascular perfusion normalized in all cases after surgery was used to relieve vitreoretinal traction.

CONCLUSION:
The authors demonstrate that vitreoretinal traction can alter retinal vascular perfusion in a reversible fashion. These results suggest that there can be a direct mechanical effect of vitreous traction on retinal vascular perfusion. Further advances in wide-field imaging, wide-field OCT, and OCTA will help better evaluate this cause of retinal vascular insufficiency.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:215–223.]
A Comparison of Intraoperative Dexamethasone Intravitreal Implant and Triamcinolone Acetonide Used During Vitrectomy and Epiretinal Membrane Peeling: A Case Control Study
Authors: Yonekawa Yoshihiro , Mammo Danny A. , Thomas Benjamin J. , Wolfe Jeremy D. , Hassan Tarek S. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Intravitreal corticosteroids may accelerate the normalization of macular morphology after vitrectomy and epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling. The authors compared the visual and anatomic outcomes of eyes undergoing this procedure with the intraoperative use of the dexamethasone intravitreal implant (DEX) (Ozurdex; Allergan, Irvine, CA) versus triamcinolone acetonide (IVTA) (Triesence; Alcon, Fort Worth, TX).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Interventional, retrospective, consecutive, case-control study.

RESULTS:

Fifty-five participants were included (DEX = 19; IVTA = 36). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months in both the DEX (
P
= .40, .45, .02, .08, respectively) and IVTA (
P
< .01, = .10, < .01, < .01) arms. Similarly, central macular thickness (CMT) improved at 1, 2, 3, and 6 months in both the DEX (
P
< .01, = .03, < .01, < .01) and IVTA (
P
< .01, < .01, < .01, < .01) arms. There were no statistical differences between DEX and IVTA regarding BCVA and CMT.

CONCLUSION:
Both intraoperative DEX and IVTA, used at the completion of vitrectomy and at membrane peeling for epiretinal membrane, were effective in improving visual and anatomic outcomes, though there was a trend toward greater significance with IVTA.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:232–237.]
Mobile Health in the Retinal Clinic Population: Access to and Interest in Self-Tracking
Authors: Ludwig Cassie A. , Callaway Natalia F. , Park Joyce Ho , Leng Theodore 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Implementation of mobile health-tracking programs for retinal pathology requires both access to mobile devices and patient motivation to participate in self-tracking. The authors' study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of smartphone and tablet ownership and patient interest in self-tracking among a retinal clinic population.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This is an institutional, prospective, cross-sectional survey of 103 retinal clinic outpatients. Consenting patients underwent a one-on-one interview conducted in the examination room during their waiting period by one researcher.

RESULTS:
Overall, 75 of 103 participants (72.2%) reported either owning a smartphone and/or tablet or having access at their household to a device that could be used to track eye health. The majority of participants (69 of 103 participants; 67%) reported interest in using a mobile application (smartphone or tablet) to track their eye health.

CONCLUSION:
These data suggest strong patient interest in the use of mobile devices to track eye health.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:252–257.]
25-Gauge Vitrectomy and Incomplete Drainage of Subretinal Fluid for the Treatment of Primary Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Gotzaridis Stratos , Liazos Efstathios , Petrou Petros , Georgalas Ilias 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the anatomical and functional results of 25-gauge (G) vitrectomy with incomplete drainage of subretinal fluid for the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective, noncomparative interventional case series including 100 consecutive patients who underwent 25-G vitrectomy, incomplete drainage of subretinal fluid, cryolaser or endolaser, and SF6 gas tamponade for the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment was performed.

RESULTS:

Fifty-six percent of retinal detachments were macula-on and 44% were macula-off. Fifty-six percent of patients were phakic and 44% were pseudophakic. Primary anatomical success rate was 94%, and the final success rate was 100%. Mean preoperative visual acuity was 0.75 logMAR, and mean postoperative visual acuity was 0.39 log-MAR (
P
< .001).

CONCLUSION:
Incomplete drainage of subretinal fluid during vitrectomy for the treatment of primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment does not seem to influence the anatomical success rate. On the contrary, it minimizes the surgical maneuvers, thus reducing perioperative complications.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:333–335.]
An Innovative Surgical Technique for Subretinal Transplantation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigmented Epithelium in Yucatan Mini Pigs: Preliminary Results
Authors: Brant Fernandes Rodrigo A. , Koss Michael Janusz , Falabella Paulo , Stefanini Francisco Rosa , Maia Mauricio , Diniz Bruno , Ribeiro Ramiro , Hu Yuntao , Hinton David , Clegg Dennis O. , Chader Gerald , Humayun Mark S. 
Published: April 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To develop a safe and efficient surgical procedure for subretinal implantation into porcine eyes of a human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium (hESC-RPE) monolayer seeded onto a Parylene-C scaffold. This implant is referred to as CPCB-RPE1.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Ultrathin Parylene-C scaffolds were seeded with hESC-RPE and surgically implanted into the subretinal space of Yucatan mini pigs (n = 8). The surgery consisted of pars plana vitrectomy, induction of a limited retinal detachment, and peripheral retinotomy for insertion of the monolayer using a novel tissue injector, followed by silicone oil tamponade injection, laser photocoagulation around the retinotomy site, and inferior iridectomy. Oral cyclosporine was administered from day 1 and during the entire follow-up period. Three months later, the animals were euthanized and the eyes and major organs were submitted for histological analysis. Adjacent sections underwent immunohistochemical analysis to detect human cells using anti-TRA-1-85 (human blood group antigen) antibody and DAPI antibodies.

RESULTS:
The cell monolayer was immunopositive for TRA-1-85 3 months after implantation and migration from the Parylene-C scaffold was not detected. One eye had a mild inflammatory reaction around the implant that was negative for human biomarkers. No intraocular or systemic tumors were detected.

CONCLUSION:
The hESC-RPE cells survived for 3 months in this animal model. The surgical procedure for subretinal implantation of CPCB-RPE1 is feasible and safe, without cell migration off the scaffold or development of ocular or systemic tumors.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:342–351.]
Weekly Paclitaxel versus Three-Weekly Paclitaxel in Recurrent Platinum-Resistant Epithelial Ovarian and Peritoneal Cancers: A Phase III Study
Authors: Osman Mohammed A. , Elkady Mohammad S. , Nasr Khalid E. 
Published: April 2016

Introduction Treatment of recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and peritoneal cancers represents a therapeutic challenge. The aim of this Phase III prospective study was to compare the survival benefits, objective response rate, and toxicities among patients treated by weekly paclitaxel with those who underwent three-weekly paclitaxel in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and peritoneal cancers. Method Patients with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and peritoneal cancer were allocated to receive either weekly paclitaxel (arm 1) at 80 m/m2 or three-weekly paclitaxel (arm 2) at 175 mg/m2. Results Fifty-five patients were enrolled (30 arm 1, 25 arm 2). The mean age was 56.7 years, and the median performance status was 0 (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG]). For arms 1 and 2, the objective response rates were 27% and 16%, the median progression-free survival were 7 and 4.5 months, and the median overall survival were 15.5 and 12.5 months, respectively. Treatments also significantly improved the quality of life. Treatment was associated with mild toxicities, and while neuropathy was slightly higher for weekly paclitaxel over three-weekly paclitaxel, hematological toxicities were significantly lower for the former than the latter. Conclusion Paclitaxel rechallenge showed antitumor activity in recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian and peritoneal cancers. Weekly paclitaxel achieved better results than three-weekly paclitaxel in terms of survival benefits, quality of life, and toxicities.
Cervical Thymic Cysts—Rare Abnormality: A Report of Two Cases
Authors: Mahuvakar Ankit Dilip , Gujrathi Atish Balajirao , Ambulgekar Vijayalaxmi Kishanrao , Nabi Shaikh Mohsin Ahmed Abdul , Khokle Pradeep 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Cystic Lesions in the neck have a long differential diagnosis. Thymic cysts are considered rare in the cervical region, whereas they are more common in the superior mediastinal region. They may become more important diagnosis especially in the younger age group. In this article we will consider two cases, one male and other female with similar features and both being diagnosed as having cervical thymic cysts.

How to cite this article
Mahuvakar AD, Nabi SMAA, Gujrathi AB, Ambulgekar VK, Garud S, Khokle P. Cervical Thymic Cysts— Rare Abnormality: A Report of Two Cases. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(2):90-92.
Fibrosarcoma developing in the Parotid Gland: An Unusual Presentation
Authors: Afroz Nishat , Qadri Shagufta , Rabindranath Divya , Qadri Shakeba 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Primary sarcomas of the salivary glands occur rarely with few cases having been reported. Fibrosarcoma is a rare type of primary sarcoma with a poor prognosis and low life expectancy. Microscopically, these tumors resemble their counterparts encountered in other areas. They can be easily confused with spindle cell (sarcomatoid) carcinomas, myoepithelial carcinomas or malignant melanomas. We present an unusual case of a primary fibrosarcoma that arose in the right parotid gland of a 50 years male, who presented with a large nodular mass in the right preauricular region. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a tumor arising from the right parotid gland. A near total parotidectomy was performed and the histopathology report showed neoplastic spindle cells predominantly arranged in a ‘herring bone’ pattern. On immunohistochemistry, the tumor was positive for vimentin and was negative for pancytokeratin and S-100, which lead to a firm diagnosis of fibrosarcoma.

How to cite this article
Qadri S, Afroz N, Rabindranath D, Qadri S. Fibrosarcoma developing in the Parotid Gland: An Unusual Presentation. Int J Head Neck surg 2015;6(2):99-102.
The use of a Fogarty Catheter in a Case of an Endobronchial Blood Clot in a Laryngectomy Patient
Authors: Wong Billy 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Endobronchial blood clot causing airway obstruction is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition and can occur in a variety of clinical settings.

Case report
A male laryngectomy, with a background of bronchogenic carcinoma was treated conservatively for tracheitis following an episode of upper respiratory tract infection. However, he later developed airway obstruction secondary to endobronchial bleeding with endobronchial clot formation. Conventional methods of suctioning and rigid bronchoscopy with forceps failed to remove the hematoma. A Fogarty embolec tomy catheter was used to remove the hematoma, relieving the airway obstruction.

Discussion
The Fogarty embolectomy catheter has been widely used in various vascular operations for removal of arterial and venous emboli over the last years. However, its application in nonvascular cases is not widely published.

Conclusion
We report a case of tracheitis, complicated by an endobronchial clot in a laryngectomy patient, and demonstrated the use of Fogarty embolectomy catheter in such case when conventional methods fail.

How to cite this article
Wong B. The use of a Fogarty Catheter in a Case of an Endobronchial Blood Clot in a Laryn gectomy Patient. Int J Head Neck Surg 2015;6(3):118120.
Age and Sex Distribution of Speech Disorders
Authors: Al-Dujaily Mahdi , Nabàa Sanàa J Abu 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
Speech-language pathology is a specialty in the study, assessment, and rehabilitation of speech-language disorders (or communication disorders) which are common problems that may affect both sexes and all age groups.

Aim
The aim of this study is to raise the attention in Iraq about the role of certified speech pathologists (or speech therapists) in the treatment of patients with communication disorders according to their age and sex distribution, as seen in the phonetic center of University of Jordan.

Patients and methods
Subjects with speech problems, who visited the phonetic center in Jordan University for treatment by certified speech-language pathologists, were analyzed retrospectively during 3 years (1996 to 1998), and it included 731 subjects with speech disorders, consisted of 213 females and 518 males, with a minimum age of 2 years and a maximum age of 72 years.

Results
The most common age presentation of communication disorders varies, and it was found that the major speech and language disorders and their distribution were as follows: delayed language development occurred mainly in age group 3 to 4 years (about 57%), stuttering occurred in 3 to 5 years (about 24%), and in articulation disorder occurred in age group 4 to 6 years with about 42%, and in hearing impaired patients occurred mainly in age group of 2 to 4 years with about 45%, in children with mental retardation occurred in age group of 6 to 8 years with about 29%, voice disorders occurred in age 20 to 29 (25%), nasality problems in age group 3 to 5 years (25%), dyslexia in age group 8 to 10 years (40%), and the cases of apraxia, aphasia, and autism were low in number.

Conclusion
The age and sex distribution of communication disorders varies according to the type of disorder. The speechlanguage pathologists have very important role in the evaluation and treatment of speech language disorders. There is great deficiency of this specialty in this country, and the aim of this article is to ring the bell of attention to these common disorders.

Abbreviations
SLP: Speech-language pathologist; CDs: Communication disorders; DLD: Delayed language development; HIP: Hearing impaired patient; MR: Mental retardation; CP: Cerebral palsy.

How to cite this article
Al-Dujaily M, Nabàa SJA. Age and Sex Distribution of Speech Disorders. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):7-14.
Elongated Styloid Process Revisited
Authors: Acharya Anand 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTElongated styloid process is one of the many causes of pain in throat. Yet, it is often overlooked. When the throat looks normal on examination, the entity should be kept in mind, to clinch the diagnosis. Management and review of literature are discussed.How to cite this articleAcharya A. Elongated Styloid Process Revisited. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):15-16.
Primary Histoplasmosis of Larynx Mimicking as Laryngeal Carcinoma
Authors: Shirazi Nadia , Agrawal Vinish , Bharti Bhartendu , Bist Sampan S , Sandhirr Shivanjali 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Granulomatous diseases caused by infectious agents are being encounted more frequently nowadays. Infection by Histoplasma capsulatum is one such granulomatous disease. Isolated laryngeal histoplasmosis is a rare clinical entity. Because of its simulation with malignancy, it needs to be included in the differential diagnosis of neoplasm, both benign and malignant. We report an extremely rare case of isolated histoplasmosis, presenting as a primary infection of the larynx with no other systemic involvement in a 57 years old immunocompetent male. He presented with progressive hoarseness of voice, difficulty in breathing and mild dysphagia. Indirect laryngoscopy revealed multiple exophytic nodular lesions in endolaryngeal structures. The patient then underwent direct laryngoscopy biopsy under general anesthesia and the histopathological examination of the biopsy revealed chronic granulomatous inflammation, caused by histoplasma which was confirmed by using special Gomori's methanamine silver stain for fungi. Though it appeared like cancer clinically; biopsy confirmed the final diagnosis. The histopathologist must be informed about the possibility of histoplasmosis, because special dyes have to be used to confirm this diagnosis. The treatment is mainly medical with amphotericinB which remains the gold standard for treatment of this disease, although other drugs have also been used.

How to cite this article
Bist SS, Sandhirr S, Shirazi N, AgrawalV, Bharti B. Primary Histoplasmosis of Larynx Mimicking as Laryngeal Carcinoma. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(1):28-31.
Diagnostic Challenge of Sulcus Vocalis Made Easier
Authors: Gupta Harsh Karan , Shedge Ajay Eknath 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo introduce a simple diagnostic test performed with white light laryngoscopy for the diagnosis of sulcus vocalis.Materials and methodsThis is a retrospective observational study. A total of 14 patients with voice-related complaints and a phonatory gap on examination were included. Obvious structural and neuromuscular glottic pathologies were excluded. Phonatory gap was measured using white light rigid laryngoscopy with the technique described here. Findings were then correlated with stroboscopy.ResultsAll 14 patients (10 U/L and 4 B/L), observed to have an asymmetric phonatory gap on white light rigid laryngoscopy, were diagnosed with sulcus vocalis.ConclusionAn asymmetric phonatory gap, as seen on white light laryngoscopy and measured with the simple technique mentioned here, should make the laryngologist suspect a sulcus vocalis. However, the diagnosis needs to be confirmed by stroboscopy.How to cite this articleNerurkar NK, Gupta HK, Shedge AE. Diagnostic Challenge of Sulcus Vocalis Made Easier. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):39-41.
Posterior Commissure Hypertrophy as Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicator for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux
Authors: Joshi Anagha Atul , Chiplunkar Bhagyashri Ganesh , Bradoo Renuka Anil , Shah Kshitij Dhaval 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To establish posterior commissure hypertrophy as tool to diagnose laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) and to determine whether it can be used as a reliable marker for response to treatment.

Materials and methods
A prospective study of 100 patients with voice disorder was conducted. Patients were evaluated using reflux symptom index (RSI) and reflux finding score (RFS) by 70° Hopkins’ rigid laryngoscope. Those patients in whom RFS score was 7 or more were diagnosed to have LPR. These patients were then started on antireflux therapy along with lifestyle modification and were evaluated regularly over a period of 6 months.

Results
The prevalence of LPR in patients with voice disorders was found to be 25%. Mean age was 41.48 years and the male and female ratio was 0.85:1. Posterior commissure hypertrophy was present in 60 out of 100 patients (60%). Among laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD), 23 out of 25 patients (92%) had posterior commissure hypertrophy, out of which only 2 (8.6%) patients showed complete resolution of posterior commissure hypertrophy after 6 months of treatment. A total of 10 patients (43.47%) did not show any change in grading of posterior commissure hypertrophy. And 11 patients (47.82%) showed downgrading of posterior commissure hypertrophy. Sensitivity of posterior commissure hypertrophy for diagnosis of LPR was found to be 92%, whereas specificity was 50.66%.

Conclusion
Posterior commissure hypertrophy can be used as a screening tool for diagnosis of LPR but cannot be used reliably as a clinical marker for response to therapy.

How to cite this article
Joshi AA, Chiplunkar BG, Bradoo RA, Shah KD. Posterior Commissure Hypertrophy as Diagnostic and Prognostic Indicator for Laryngopharyngeal Reflux. Int J Phonosurg Laryngol 2015;5(2):57-60.