bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of staining beverages on color and translucency of CAD/CAM composites
Authors: Quek S. H. Q. , Yap A. U. J. , Rosa V. , Tan K. B. C. , Teoh K. H. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the color (ΔE) and translucency changes (ΔTP) of CAD/CAM composites after exposure to staining solutions using both spectrophotometer and shade‐matching device. Direct (Filtek Z350XT [ZT]), indirect (Shofu Ceramage [CE]) and CAD/CAM (Shofu HC Block [HC], Lava Ultimate [LU], Vita Enamic [EN]) composite specimens measuring 12 × 14 × 1.5 mm were fabricated, divided into five groups (n = 8), and immersed in cola, tea, coffee, red wine, distilled water (control) at 37°C for 7 days. Color parameters were determined with both spectrophotometer and shade‐taking device at baseline and 1 week. Delta E (ΔE) with white and black backgrounds, and Delta TP (ΔTP) were computed. Statistical testing was performed with ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test (P < .05). Mean ΔE (white) values ranged from 0.20 ± 0.06 to 12.26 ± 1.95 while mean ΔE (black) varied from 0.22 ± 0.11 to 14.21 ± 2.37. Mean ΔTP values ranged from 0.13 ± 0.17 to −3.87 ± 2.16. CAD/CAM composites fared better in red wine than direct and indirect materials. Clinically perceptible color changes (ΔE > 3.3) were observed for almost all materials when exposed to wine, coffee and tea. Direct, indirect, and CAD/CAM composites are all susceptible to various degrees of discoloration and translucency changes after exposure to staining beverages. Red wine caused the most discoloration and translucency changes. Limitations of these materials must be considered when placing an aesthetic restoration.Clinical significanceDirect, indirect, and CAD/CAM composites are all susceptible to various degrees of discoloration and translucency changes after exposure to staining beverages. Red wine generally caused the most discoloration and translucency changes. Although CAD/CAM composites were more color stable than direct and indirect materials when exposed to red wine, color changes were still clinically perceptible.
Personality Changes During the Transition from Cognitive Health to Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Caselli Richard J. , Langlais Blake T. , Dueck Amylou C. , Henslin Bruce R. , Johnson Travis A. , Woodruff Bryan K. , Hoffman‐Snyder Charlene , Locke Dona E. C. 
Published: January 2018

Background/ObjectivesBehavioral problems in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) impose major management challenges. Current prevention strategies are anchored to cognitive outcomes, but behavioral outcomes may provide another, clinically relevant opportunity for preemptive therapy. We sought to determine whether personality changes that predispose to behavioral disorders arise during the transition from preclinical AD to mild cognitive impairment (MCI).DesignLongitudinal observational cohort study.SettingAcademic medical center.ParticipantsMembers of an apolipoprotein E (APOE) ɛ4 genetically enriched cohort of Maricopa County residents who were neuropsychiatrically healthy at entry (N = 277). Over a mean interval of 7 years, 25 who developed MCI and had the Neuroticism, Extraversion, and Openness Personality Inventory—Revised (NEO‐PI‐R) before and during the MCI transition epoch were compared with 252 nontransitioners also with serial NEO‐PI‐R administrations.InterventionLongitudinal administration of the NEO‐PI‐R and neuropsychological test battery.MeasurementsChange in NEO‐PI‐R factor scores (neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, conscientiousness) from entry to the epoch of MCI diagnosis or an equivalent follow‐up duration in nontransitioners.ResultsNEO‐PI‐R neuroticism T‐scores increased significantly more in MCI transitioners than in nontransitioners (mean 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.9–4.9 vs 0, 95% CI = −0.7–0.7, P = .02), and openness decreased more in MCI transitioners than in nontransitioners (−4.8, 95% CI = −7.3 to −2.4 vs −1.0, 95% CI = −1.6 to −0.4, P < .001). Concurrent subclinical but statistically significant changes in behavioral scores worsened more in MCI transitioners than nontransitioners for measures of depression, somatization, irritability, anxiety, and aggressive attitude.ConclusionPersonality and subclinical behavioral changes begin during the transition from preclinical AD to incident MCI and qualitatively resemble the clinically manifest behavioral disorders that subsequently arise in individuals with frank dementia.
A novel mutation of LRSAM1 in a Chinese family with Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease
Authors: Zhao Guohua , Song Jie , Yang Mi , Song Xiuhua , Liu Xiaomin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth (CMT) disease is the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy characterized by progressive distal muscle weakness and atrophy with decreased or absent tendon reflexes. Mutations in LRSAM1 have been identified to cause CMT disease type 2P. We report a novel LRSAM1 mutation c.2021‐2024del (p.E674VfsX11) in a Chinese autosomal dominant CMT disease type 2 family. The phenotype was characterized by late onset and mild sensory impairment. Electrophysiological findings showed normal or mildly to moderately reduced motor and sensory nerve conduction velocities in lower and upper limb nerves.
Do longer root hairs improve phosphorus uptake? Testing the hypothesis with transgenic Brachypodium distachyon lines overexpressing endogenous RSL genes
Authors: Zhang Chunyan , Simpson Richard J. , Kim Chul Min , Warthmann Norman , Delhaize Emmanuel , Dolan Liam , Byrne Mary E. , Wu Yu , Ryan Peter R. 
Published: January 2018

Summary

Mutants without root hairs show reduced inorganic orthophosphate (Pi) uptake and compromised growth on soils when Pi availability is restricted. What is less clear is whether root hairs that are longer than wild‐type provide an additional benefit to phosphorus (P) nutrition. This was tested using transgenic Brachypodium lines with longer root hairs. The lines were transformed with the endogenous BdRSL2 and BdRSL3 genes using either a constitutive promoter or a root hair‐specific promoter.

Plants were grown for 32 d in soil amended with various Pi concentrations. Plant biomass and P uptake were measured and genotypes were compared on the basis of critical Pi values and P uptake per unit root length.

Ectopic expression of RSL2 and RSL3 increased root hair length three‐fold but decreased plant biomass. Constitutive expression of BdRSL2, but not expression of BdRSL3, consistently improved P nutrition as measured by lowering the critical Pi values and increasing Pi uptake per unit root length.

Increasing root hair length through breeding or biotechnology can improve P uptake efficiency if the pleotropic effects on plant biomass are avoided. Long root hairs, alone, appear to be insufficient to improve Pi uptake and need to be combined with other traits to benefit P nutrition.
Is it possible to contaminate the temporomandibular joint by arthrocentesis?
Authors: Olsen‐Bergem H. , Kristoffersen A.K. , Bjørnland T. , Aas J.A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionBacterial contamination of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) by needle penetration of the skin has previously been discussed as a contributing factor in joint arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in synovial fluid, and to detect any possible iatrogenic contamination during arthrocentesis of the TMJ in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.MethodSynovial fluid (SF) and skin swab samples (before and after disinfection) were collected from 54 TMJs in 30 patients with TMJ arthritis. Bacterial detection and classification was performed using 16S rRNA pyrosequencing.ResultsBacterial DNA was detected in 31 joints (57%) in 19 patients (63%). In six 12 joints (20%) in six patients specific bacterial species were detected in both skin samples and in the TMJ, indicating a possible contamination. 22 different bacterial species were detected in synovial fluid from these six patients.ConclusionBacterial DNA in TMJ SF with contamination was detected in 20% of the patients. Studies are needed to evaluate the consequences of potential contamination with bacterial DNA in SF with regard to arthrocentesis and treatment of TMJ arthritis.
Sensing performance, safety, and patient acceptability of long‐dipole cardiac monitor: An innovative axillary insertion
Authors: Bisignani Giovanni , De Bonis Silvana , Bisignani Antonio , Mancuso Luigi , Giacopelli Daniele 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundThe recommended location for implantable cardiac monitor (ICM) insertion is the left pectoral region. We tested whether an innovative left axillary implantation approach could be applicable for a new ICM, characterized by a long sensing dipole.MethodsWe considered a series of 55 patients consecutively implanted with a long‐dipole ICM (BioMonitor 2); the first 30 subjects underwent prepectoral location insertion, while the subsequent 25 received the ICM in the axillary region. Sensing performances collected at 1‐month follow‐up were compared between the two groups. During the visit, each patient was also asked to fill in a brief questionnaire to assess patient acceptability of the device.ResultsAll patients had a successful insertion of ICM. Mean R‐wave amplitude was 0.87 ± 0.44 mV in the prepectoral group and 1.00 ± 0.45 mV in the axillary one, without any significant difference. The percentage of patients with visible P wave was also comparable between the two approaches (65.5% vs 68.2%, P = 0.84). None of the patients reported device‐related issues or discomfort, and ICM was generally well accepted and tolerated by all the involved patients.ConclusionAxillary insertion may represent a valid alternative to the standard one for long‐dipole ICM technology providing not only patient acceptability but also high‐quality sensing performances.
Erector spinae plane block for inguinal hernia repair in preterm infants
Authors: Hernandez Maria A. , Palazzi Lucio , Lapalma Julio , Cravero Joseph 
Published: January 2018

SummaryNeuro‐axial anesthesia has been the preferred technique for inguinal hernia repair when attempting to avoid general anesthesia in neonates and preterm infants. We present a case where an erector spinae plane block was used successfully for this surgery. Hemodynamic stability, minimal anesthetic requirements, and excellent pain control were documented. This block promises to be a valuable and safe alternative for inguinal hernia repair, accompanying the path of neuroprotective anesthesia.
Utility of ultrasonography in hair‐thread tourniquet syndrome
Authors: Sebaratnam Deshan F. , Hernández‐Martín Ángela 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA 2‐year‐old girl presented with a 2‐month history of an erythematous, indurated plaque with well‐defined borders on the third toe of the right foot. Bedside high‐resolution ultrasonography demonstrated a thickened epidermis overlying a hyperechoic focus within the dermis. Her clinical and sonographic presentation was in keeping with a foreign body causing hair‐thread tourniquet syndrome. The foreign body was surgically extirpated without neurovascular sequelae. Ultrasonography expedited accurate diagnosis and is a promising adjunct to clinical evaluation for radiolucent foreign bodies.
Recurrent terbinafine resistant Trichophyton rubrum infection in a child with congenital ichthyosis
Authors: Schøsler Louise , Andersen Louise Kronborg , Arendrup Maiken Cavling , Sommerlund Mette 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDermatophytosis in children caused by Trichophyton rubrum is preferably treated with topical or systemic terbinafine. We report the first case of terbinafine resistance in a child with recurrent T. rubrum dermatophytosis and congenital ichthyosiform erythroderma.
Genetic diversity and pathogenicity of Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata isolated from sugar beet
Authors: Nikolić I. , Stanković S. , Dimkić I. , Berić T. , Stojšin V. , Janse J. , Popović T. 
Published: January 2018

Pseudomonas syringae pv. aptata is the causal agent of bacterial leaf spot disease of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris). During 2013, 250 samples were collected from leaf lesions with typical symptoms of bacterial leaf spot in commercial fields of sugar beet in Serbia, and 104 isolates of P. syringae pv. aptata were obtained. Identification and characterization was performed using biochemical, molecular and pathogenicity tests. Identification included LOPAT tests and positive reactions using primers Papt2F and Papt1R specific for P. syringae pv. aptata. Repetitive (rep) sequence‐based PCR typing with ERIC, REP and BOX primers revealed high genetic variability among isolates and distinguished 25 groups of different fingerprinting profiles. Pulse‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of representative isolates showed higher genetic variability than in rep‐PCR analysis and distinguished three and four major genetic clusters, respectively. A pathogenicity test performed with 25 representative isolates on four cultivars of sugar beet confirmed the occurrence of leaf spot disease and showed correlation between the most aggressive isolates and the genetic clusters obtained in MLSA. All these findings point to the existence of several lines of P. syringae pv. aptata infection in Serbia that are genetically and pathologically different.
Tuberculosis vaccines: Opportunities and challenges
Authors: Zhu Bingdong , Dockrell Hazel M. , Ottenhoff Tom H.M. , Evans Thomas G. , Zhang Ying 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB) is a serious disease around the world. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) is the only TB vaccine licensed for use in human beings, and is effective in protecting infants and children against severe miliary and meningeal TB. However, BCG's protective efficacy is variable in adults. Novel TB vaccine candidates being developed include whole‐cell vaccines (recombinant BCG (rBCG), attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis, killed M. tuberculosis or Mycobacterium vaccae), adjuvanted protein subunit vaccines, viral vector‐delivered subunit vaccines, plasmid DNA vaccines, RNA‐based vaccines etc. At least 12 novel TB vaccine candidates are now in clinical trials, including killed M. vaccae, rBCG ΔureC::hly, adjuvanted fusion proteins M72 and H56 and viral vectored MVA85A. Unfortunately, in TB, there are no correlates of vaccine‐induced protection, although cell‐mediated immune responses such as interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) production are widely used to assess vaccine's immunogenicity. Recent studies suggested that central memory T cells and local secreted IgA correlated with protection against TB disease. Clinical TB vaccine efficacy trials should invest in identifying correlates of protection, and evaluate new TB biomarkers emerging from human and animal studies. Accumulating new knowledge on M. tuberculosis antigens and immune profiles correlating with protection or disease risk will be of great help in designing next generation of TB vaccines.
Timing of gamma irradiation and blood donor sex influences in vitro characteristics of red blood cells
Authors: de Korte Dirk , Thibault Louis , Handke Wiebke , Harm Sarah K. , Morrison Alex , Fitzpatrick Aine , Marks Denese C. , Yi Qi‐Long , Acker Jason P. ,   on behalf of the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) collaborative
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUNDThere are few studies investigating the effect of irradiation on red blood cells (RBCs) during storage. This study analyzed changes in in vitro quality of RBCs irradiated at several points during storage with the aim of providing evidence to support current maximum pre‐ and postirradiation storage limits.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSEach of seven participating centers produced four pools of 7 standard RBC units (SAGM, AS‐3, or PAGGSM), which were then split back into 7 units. All units in a pool were from sex‐matched blood donors. Every week during 6 weeks of refrigerated storage, 1 unit was irradiated, while 1 unit was not irradiated (control). Units were tested weekly for biochemical variables, morphology, and mechanical fragility.RESULTSThe earlier during storage that units were irradiated, the higher the hemolysis and K+ at end of storage. Irrespective of the timing of irradiation, there was a rapid increase in extracellular K+, followed by a more gradual increase in hemolysis. ATP levels decreased faster in irradiated units and were reduced below accepted values if irradiated early. Irradiated female RBCs had an absolute lower hemolysis and K+ level compared to male RBCs at all time points.CONCLUSIONSThe method of blood component manufacturing determined the absolute levels of hemolysis and potassium in irradiated and nonirradiated units, but did not influence the effect that timing of irradiation had on the in vitro quality characteristics. This study provides support for the current Council of Europe guidelines on the time limitations for the irradiation of RBCs.
Prevalence of antinuclear and anti‐erythrocyte antibodies in healthy cats
Authors: Abrams‐Ogg Anthony C. G. , Lim Sophia , Kocmarek Helen , Ho Kim , Blois Shauna L. , Shewen Patricia E. , Wood R. Darren , Bienzle Dorothee 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundPositive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests support diagnoses such as systemic lupus erythematosus and immune‐mediated anemia, respectively. Positive tests may occur in cats, but the prevalence of positive results in healthy cats is not well known.ObjectiveThe study's purpose was to determine prevalences of positive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests in healthy cats.MethodsAntinuclear antibody titers were measured by indirect immunofluorescence, and anti‐erythrocyte antibodies were measured by the microtitration direct antiglobulin test at 37, 23, and 4°C in 61 client‐owned and 28 facility‐owned cats. Differences between the 2 groups were examined using chi‐squared tests.ResultsFor the antinuclear antibody tests, 70% of client‐owned cats were negative, 10% had weak titers (1:40–1:80), and 20% had strong titers (1:160–1:320). Facility‐owned cats had significantly fewer positive titers with 96% negative and one positive (1:8). For the antiglobulin test at 37°C, 93% of all cats were negative, 2 cats in each group were positive at low dilutions (1:2), and 2 client‐owned cats were transiently positive at high dilutions (≥ 1:2048). At 23°C, 90% of all cats were negative, and 2 client‐owned and 5 facility‐owned cats were positive at low dilutions (1:2–1:8). At 4°C, 67% of client‐owned cats had invalid results (negative control well agglutination), and 33% had negative results, while of facility‐owned cats 14% had invalid results, 14% had agglutination at low dilutions, and 72% were negative.ConclusionHealthy cats may have positive antinuclear antibody and direct antiglobulin tests, but the prevalence of strong reactions is low.
Independent Assessment of the Energy Savings, Environmental Improvements and Water Conservation of Emerging Non-Chemical Water Treatment Technologies
Authors: Gravely Michael , La Belle Bruce , Balachandra John 
Published: January 2018

This paper discusses the results of a project funded by the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research (PIER) to complete an independent assessment of the energy savings, environmental improvements and water conservation capabilities of emerging non-chemical water treatment technologies. The project was completed by a team from California State University at Sacramento and included a technical review of the emerging technologies and a detailed assessment of the emerging non-chemical water treatment technology. Clearwater Systems, Corp. The research was focused on gathering information from industrial field customers who had purchased and installed these systems and had actual experience with their operational characteristics from several months to several years. The team completed a telephone survey with approximately 15 end user customers and made site visits to ten sites. Some limited independent water testing was also completed. The results of these phone surveys and site visits were consolidated and placed in an interim report. Even though only a small number of end user customers were actually surveyed or visited, the research indicated that several hundred systems have been successfully installed in California and throughout the United States. The emerging technologies provide nonchemical treatment for cooling tower and evaporative condenser system water. All the information collected and results derived from this effort will be made available to the public later this year in the form of a PIER Technical Report. A Project Advisory Committee that included representatives from CalEPA, the Energy Commission PIER Program and local utilities supported this team. Disclaimer: This technical paper is a result of work sponsored by the California Energy Commission and does not necessarily represent the views of the Energy Commission, its employees or the State of California. This technical paper has not been approved or disapproved by the California Energy Commission nor has the Energy Commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of the information in this technical paper.
Paper published with permission.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Halophilic Methylotrophic Methanogen Archaeon
Methanohalophilus portucalensis
Strain FDF-1
T
Authors: L’Haridon Stéphane , Corre Erwan , Guan Yue , Vinu Manikandan , La Cono Violetta , Yakimov Michail , Stingl Ulrich , Toffin Laurent , Jebbar Mohamed 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence (2.08 Mb) of
Methanohalophilus portucalensis
strain FDF-1
T
, a halophilic methylotrophic methanogen isolated from the sediment of a saltern in Figeria da Foz, Portugal. The average nucleotide identity and DNA-DNA hybridization analyses show that
Methanohalophilus mahii
,
M. halophilus
, and
M. portucalensis
are three different species within the
Methanosarcinaceae
family.