bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beeinflussung der Lebensqualität beim metastasierten kastrationsresistenten Prostatakarzinom – eine Übersicht
Authors: Miller Kurt 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungMit dem Auftreten von Metastasen verschlechtert sich zusehends auch die gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität von Karzinom-Patienten. Vor allem Fatigue, Schlafstörungen, Knochenschmerzen, Obstipation und andere krankheitsassoziierte Symptome belasten die Betroffenen sehr. Infolge der verbesserten Behandlungsmöglichkeiten und längeren Überlebenszeiten stellen auch Symptomkontrolle und Verbesserung der Lebensqualität wichtige Ziele der Tumortherapie dar. Bei Patienten mit metastasiertem kastrationsresistentem Prostatakarzinom (mCRPC) konnte für Abirateronacetat und Enzalutamid neben der signifikanten Überlebensverlängerung auch ein signifikanter Nutzen hinsichtlich mehrerer Parameter der Lebensqualität gezeigt werden.
Lehre, Fort- und Weiterbildung in Public Health
Authors: Dragano Nico , Geffert Karin , Geisel Bertram , Hartmann Thomas , Hoffmann Falk , Schneider Sven , Voss Maike , Gerhardus Ansgar 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungDer Bedarf an Public-Health-Expertinnen und -Experten kann nur durch ein abgestimmtes Angebot von Aus-, Fort- und Weiterbildung auf Basis internationaler didaktischer Standards gedeckt werden. Zugleich sollten den Absolventinnen und Absolventen attraktive Karrierewege offenstehen. Auch in der Ausbildung der Gesundheitsberufe sowie in Studienfächern mit Bezug zur Bevölkerungsgesundheit (z. B. Stadtplanung, Agrarwissenschaften) sollten Public-Health-Kompetenzen eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Um diese Ziele zu erreichen, hat eine Arbeitsgruppe des Zukunftsforums erste Vorschläge für Strategien erarbeitet und in diesem Beitrag zusammengefasst.
Surveillance und Monitoring
Authors: Ziese Thomas , Hamouda Osamah 
Published: November 2017

ZusammenfassungEvidenzorientierte Gesundheitspolitik und evidenzbasierte Maßnahmen brauchen umfassende Informationen zur Gesundheit der Bevölkerung. Die bestehende Gesundheitssurveillance liefert zu vielen gesundheitspolitischen Fragen verlässliche Antworten. Dennoch bestehen in vielen Bereichen Informationslücken, die bisher nicht oder nur über kurzfristige Projektlösungen geschlossen werden. 1. Wir brauchen eine Stärkung und einen Ausbau der bestehenden Gesundheitssurveillance bzw. -monitoring, um kontinuierlich Informationen über den Gesundheitsstatus aller Bevölkerungsgruppen zu erheben, darunter auch Gruppen, die mit den bisherigen Erhebungen und Methoden schwer zu erreichen sind, wie z. B. Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund oder sozial Benachteiligte. Diese Informationen müssen auf der nationalen, regionalen und idealerweise auch auf der lokalen Ebene regelmäßig verfügbar sein. 2. Die Nutzung von vorhandenen Daten zur Gesundheit bspw. aus der amtlichen Statistik oder der Sozialversicherung muss deutlich ausgebaut und verstärkt werden. Die Infrastruktur für wissenschaftliche Analysen von Gesundheitsdaten sowie den Informationstransfer an die Politik und die Öffentlichkeit muss gestärkt werden. Durch einen Ausbau der Ressourcen für die wissenschaftliche Bearbeitung von gesundheitspolitisch relevanten Fragestellungen kann Public Health einen wichtigen Beitrag für eine effektive Gesundheitspolitik leisten.
Unbehagen: a gallantry with excess
Authors: Zeiher Cindy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper has its foundation in Lacanian psychoanalytic theory as a way of understanding, from a scientific perspective, the human impact of material technology under the conditions of capitalism. Two related propositions concerning material technology are interrogated in terms of the Lacanian struggle for subjective articulation. Firstly, if following Frederick Kittler, information and communication technologies retain their autonomy beyond the subject, having emerged as a product of their storage, containment and repetitive usage, and if we as subjects embody technological developments as they occur, it could be argued that such technologies possess imaginary agency in that their ability for self-preservation and reproduction constitutes a commanding of unending enjoyment. Insofar as this command is enshrined within capitalism it tends to ignore subjective division and to bypass subjective struggle with the impossibility of language. Rather than affording the subject a new language, material technology merely hints at a contingent language yet to come. Further, in obfuscating the necessity for disinterest–the intellectual position–material technology operates as a discourse which fails to capture the subject, or more precisely, lalangue. Through its inevitable disappearance (and re-emergence transformed as another technology) material technology localises and thereby obscures conflict within the subject. This leads to the second proposition: as part of the capitalist imperative the quest for jouissance is already being played out alongside obscured subjective struggle, spectacularly so in the case of material technology. However, investment in this imperative has an unforeseen cost: in being confronted with excess of jouissance we are overwhelmed and uncertain. Material technologies command that we integrate excess into our daily lives as a unique discursive network, yet this network is at best opaque. Here, joussiance takes the form of a distinctive compulsion emanating from material technology’s intersection with capitalism. This in turn reconfigures the struggle in which the subject of language is grappling with the connection (if any) between knowledge and technological devices. In order to throw light on this struggle we could take up the position of disinterest regarding material technology under capitalism.
Salmonellosis as a neglected emerging zoonotic threat in Africa: situation in South Africa.
Authors: Oloso N. , Fasina F. O. , Fasanmi O. G. , Heerden H. van , Adesiyun A. A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Typhoidal and non-typhoidal salmonellosis have emerged as prominent causes of bloodstream infection in Africa with high fatalities up to 47%. The transmission routes of typhoidal and reservoir hosts of non-typhoidal
Salmonella
are not fully understood in Africa. Diverse challenges with in-country peculiarities create a thriving condition for salmonellosis thus a need for an appraisal of historical and contemporary epidemiology of salmonellosis in Africa, with specific focus on each country. South Africa (SA) situation was reviewed as part of the attempt to explore the situation analysis of
Salmonella
prevalence in Africa. This will contribute towards the knowledge of epidemiology that will assist to curb the threat of salmonellosis in Africa. However with a review of accessible publications, very limited and fragmented scientific evidence of
Salmonella
epidemiology exist. SA has documented existence of
Salmonella
spp. in various ranges of food producing animals and their environment sometimes clinical incidences but no systematic link to provide full epidemiological inferences. With the existing gaps on
Salmonella
infection and salmonellosis in humans and animals in SA; there is the need for concerted efforts to determine the epidemiology of salmonellosis, and conduct conventional and molecular characterization of
Salmonella
spp. Prevention and control of
Salmonella
infection in poultry and other livestock are vital measures to counter the threat of human salmonellosis in SA. These are very important because of the role of SA as a major exporter of poultry, ostriches and livestock products globally and especially other members of Southern African Development Community (SADC).
Robust inference of population structure from next-generation sequencing data with systematic differences in sequencing
Authors: Liao Peizhou , Satten Glen A , Hu Yi-Juan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Inferring population structure is important for both population genetics and genetic epidemiology. Principal components analysis (PCA) has been effective in ascertaining population structure with array genotype data but can be difficult to use with sequencing data, especially when low depth leads to uncertainty in called genotypes. Because PCA is sensitive to differences in variability, PCA using sequencing data can result in components that correspond to differences in sequencing quality (read depth and error rate), rather than differences in population structure. We demonstrate that even existing methods for PCA specifically designed for sequencing data can still yield biased conclusions when used with data having sequencing properties that are systematically different across different groups of samples (i.e. sequencing groups). This situation can arise in population genetics when combining sequencing data from different studies, or in genetic epidemiology when using historical controls such as samples from the 1000 Genomes Project.

Results
To allow inference on population structure using PCA in these situations, we provide an approach that is based on using sequencing reads directly without calling genotypes. Our approach is to adjust the data from different sequencing groups to have the same read depth and error rate so that PCA does not generate spurious components representing sequencing quality. To accomplish this, we have developed a subsampling procedure to match the depth distributions in different sequencing groups, and a read-flipping procedure to match the error rates. We average over subsamples and read flips to minimize loss of information. We demonstrate the utility of our approach using two datasets from 1000 Genomes, and further evaluate it using simulation studies.

Availability and implementation
TASER-PC software is publicly available at http://web1.sph.emory.edu/users/yhu30/software.html.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Global proteomics profiling improves drug sensitivity prediction: results from a multi-omics, pan-cancer modeling approach
Authors: Ali Mehreen , Khan Suleiman A , Wennerberg Krister , Aittokallio Tero 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMotivationProteomics profiling is increasingly being used for molecular stratification of cancer patients and cell-line panels. However, systematic assessment of the predictive power of large-scale proteomic technologies across various drug classes and cancer types is currently lacking. To that end, we carried out the first pan-cancer, multi-omics comparative analysis of the relative performance of two proteomic technologies, targeted reverse phase protein array (RPPA) and global mass spectrometry (MS), in terms of their accuracy for predicting the sensitivity of cancer cells to both cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and molecularly targeted anticancer compounds.ResultsOur results in two cell-line panels demonstrate how MS profiling improves drug response predictions beyond that of the RPPA or the other omics profiles when used alone. However, frequent missing MS data values complicate its use in predictive modeling and required additional filtering, such as focusing on completely measured or known oncoproteins, to obtain maximal predictive performance. Rather strikingly, the two proteomics profiles provided complementary predictive signal both for the cytotoxic and targeted compounds. Further, information about the cellular-abundance of primary target proteins was found critical for predicting the response of targeted compounds, although the non-target features also contributed significantly to the predictive power. The clinical relevance of the selected protein markers was confirmed in cancer patient data. These results provide novel insights into the relative performance and optimal use of the widely applied proteomic technologies, MS and RPPA, which should prove useful in translational applications, such as defining the best combination of omics technologies and marker panels for understanding and predicting drug sensitivities in cancer patients.Availability and implementationProcessed datasets, R as well as Matlab implementations of the methods are available at https://github.com/mehr-een/bemkl-rbps.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Large-scale phylogenomic analysis resolves a backbone phylogeny in ferns
Authors: Shen Hui , Jin Dongmei , Shu Jiang-Ping , Zhou Xi-Le , Lei Ming , Wei Ran , Shang Hui , Wei Hong-Jin , Zhang Rui , Liu Li , Gu Yu-Feng , Zhang Xian-Chun , Yan Yue-Hong 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Background
Ferns, originated about 360 million years ago, are the sister group of seed plants. Despite the remarkable progress in our understanding of fern phylogeny, with conflicting molecular evidence and different morphological interpretations, relationships among major fern lineages remain controversial.

Results
With the aim to obtain a robust fern phylogeny, we carried out a large-scale phylogenomic analysis using high-quality transcriptome sequencing data, which covered 69 fern species from 38 families and 11 orders. Both coalescent-based and concatenation-based methods were applied to both nucleotide and amino acid sequences in species tree estimation. The resulting topologies are largely congruent with each other, except for the placement of Angiopteris fokiensis, Cheiropleuria bicuspis, Diplaziopsis brunoniana, Matteuccia struthiopteris, Elaphoglossum mcclurei, and Tectaria subpedata.

Conclusions
Our result confirmed that Equisetales is sister to the rest of ferns, and Dennstaedtiaceae is sister to eupolypods. Moreover, our result strongly supported some relationships different from the current view of fern phylogeny, including that Marattiaceae may be sister to the monophyletic clade of Psilotaceae and Ophioglossaceae; that Gleicheniaceae and Hymenophyllaceae form a monophyletic clade sister to Dipteridaceae; and that Aspleniaceae is sister to the rest of the groups in eupolypods II. These results were interpreted with morphological traits, especially sporangia characters, and a new evolutionary route of sporangial annulus in ferns was suggested. This backbone phylogeny in ferns sets a foundation for further studies in biology and evolution in ferns, and therefore in plants.
Modeling and boundary control of infinite dimensional systems in the Brayton–Moser framework
Authors: Chaitanya Kosaraju Krishna , Pasumarthy Ramkrishna , Jeltsema Dimitri 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
It is well documented that shaping the energy of finite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian systems by interconnection is severely restricted due to the presence of dissipation. This phenomenon is usually referred to as the dissipation obstacle. In this paper, we show the existence of dissipation obstacle in infinite dimensional systems. Motivated by this, we present the Brayton–Moser formulation, together with its equivalent Dirac structure. Analogous to finite dimensional systems, identifying the underlying gradient structure is crucial in presenting the stability analysis. We elucidate this through an example of Maxwell’s equations with zero energy flows through the boundary. In the case of mixed-finite and infinite-dimensional systems, we find admissible pairs for all the subsystems while preserving the overall structure. We illustrate this using a transmission line system interconnected to finite dimensional systems through its boundary. This ultimately leads to a new passive map, using this we solve a boundary control problem, circumventing the dissipation obstacle.
NGC 5626: a massive fast rotator with a twist
Authors: Viaene S , Sarzi M , Baes M , Puerari I 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We present a kinematic analysis of the dust-lane elliptical NGC 5626 based on MUSE observations. These data allow us to robustly classify this galaxy as a fast rotator and to infer a virial mass of 1011.7 M⊙, making it one of the most massive fast rotators known. In addition, the depth and extent of the MUSE data reveal a strong kinematic twist in the stellar velocity field (by up to 45° beyond 1.5Re). A comparison with the ATLAS3D sample underlines the rareness of this system, although we show that such a large-scale kinematic twist could have been missed by the ATLAS3D data due to the limited spatial sampling of this survey (typically extending to 0.6Re for massive early-type galaxies). MUSE thus has the potential to unveil more examples of this type of galaxies. We discuss the environment and possible formation history of NGC 5626 and finally argue how a merger between the Milky Way and Andromeda could produce a galaxy of the same class as NGC 5626.
Criteria for Identifying Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Who Are at Low Risk of Endocarditis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Heriot George S , Cronin Katie , Tong Steven Y C , Cheng Allen C , Liew Danny 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This systematic review examines the methods and results of recent studies reporting clinical criteria able to identify patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia who are at very low risk of endocarditis. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Collaboration CENTRAL database for articles published after March 1994 using a combination of MeSH and free text search terms for S. aureus AND bacteremia AND endocarditis. Studies were included if they presented a combination of clinical and microbiological criteria with a negative likelihood ratio of ≤0.20 for endocarditis. We found 8 studies employing various criteria and reference standards whose criteria were associated with negative likelihood ratios between 0.00 and 0.19 (corresponding to 0%–5% risk of endocarditis at 20% background prevalence). The benefit of echocardiography for patients fulfilling these criteria is uncertain.
Searching for moving objects in HSC-SSP: Pipeline and preliminary results
Authors: Chen Ying-Tung , Lin Hsing-Wen , Alexandersen Mike , Lehner Matthew J , Wang Shiang-Yu , Wang Jen-Hung , Yoshida Fumi , Komiyama Yutaka , Miyazaki Satoshi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) is currently the deepest wide-field survey in progress. The 8.2 m aperture of the Subaru telescope is very powerful in detecting faint/small moving objects, including near-Earth objects, asteroids, centaurs and Tran-Neptunian objects (TNOs). However, the cadence and dithering pattern of the HSC-SSP are not designed for detecting moving objects, making it difficult to do so systematically. In this paper, we introduce a new pipeline for detecting moving objects (specifically TNOs) in a non-dedicated survey. The HSC-SSP catalogs are sliced into HEALPix partitions. Then, the stationary detections and false positives are removed with a machine-learning algorithm to produce a list of moving object candidates. An orbit linking algorithm and visual inspections are executed to generate the final list of detected TNOs. The preliminary results of a search for TNOs using this new pipeline on data from the first HSC-SSP data release (2014 March to 2015 November) present 231 TNO/Centaurs candidates. The bright candidates with Hr &lt; 7.7 and i &gt; 5 show that the best-fitting slope of a single power law to absolute magnitude distribution is 0.77. The g − r color distribution of hot HSC-SSP TNOs indicates a bluer peak at g − r = 0.9, which is consistent with the bluer peak of the bimodal color distribution in literature.
A systematic review of sample size and power in leading neuroscience journals
Authors: Carter Alice , Tilling Kate , Munafò Marcus R 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAdequate sample size is key to reproducible research findings: low statistical power can increase the probability that a statistically significant result is a false positive. Journals are increasingly adopting methods to tackle issues of reproducibility, such as by introducing reporting checklists. We conducted a systematic review comparing articles submitted to Nature Neuroscience in the 3 months prior to checklists (n=36) that were subsequently published with articles submitted to Nature Neuroscience in the 3 months immediately after checklists (n=45), along with a comparison journal Neuroscience in this same 3-month period (n=123). We found that although the proportion of studies commenting on sample sizes increased after checklists (22% vs 53%), the proportion reporting formal power calculations decreased (14% vs 9%). Using sample size calculations for 80% power and a significance level of 5%, we found little evidence that sample sizes were adequate to achieve this level of statistical power, even for large effect sizes. Our analysis suggests that reporting checklists may not improve the use and reporting of formal power calculations.
Pooled population resequencing of clam shrimp (Eulimnadia texana) from different vernal pools reveals signatures of local adaptation
Authors: Baldwin-Brown James G. , Long Anthony D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractVernal pool clam shrimp (Eulimnadia texana) are a promising model due to ease of culturing, short generation time, modest genome size, and obligate desiccated diapaused eggs. We collected Illumina data (Poolseq) from eleven pooled wild vernal pool clam shrimp populations. We hypothesized that restricted gene flow between vernal pools, separated by distances of 0.36 to 253 km, in concert with Poolseq data from each population, could be used to identify genes important in local adaptation. We adaptedBayenv2to genome-wide Poolseq data and detected thirteen genomic regions showing a strong excess of population subdivision relative to a genome-wide background. We identified a set of regions that appear to be significantly diverged in allele frequency, above what is expected based on the relationships amongst the populations. Regions identified as significant were on average 9.5 kb in size and harbored 3.8 genes. We attempted to identify correlations between allele frequencies at each genomic region and environmental variables that may influence local adaptation in the sequences populations, but found that there were too many confounding environmental variables to draw strong conclusions. One such genomic region harbored an ortholog ofDrosophila melanogasterCG10413, a gene predicted to have sodium/potassium/chloride activity. Finally, we demonstrate that the identified regions could not have been found with less powerful statistics, i.e.FST, or with a less contiguous genome assembly.