bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programming for the Academically Gifted
Authors: Murphy Susanne 
Published: July 2017

Richard Lester's early Beatle movie, A Hard Day's Night, had an extraordinary impact on modern film making. This article has been written to suggest that it might also have something valid to say to us in the business of devising and defending special programs for academically talented children and youth. A character in the movie, Paul McCartney's grandfather, is very much in the tradition of the “dirty old man.” At one point he says to a book-reading Ringo, “Any organ not in constant use atrophies and falls off.” Now, it is obvious, as the camera focuses in closely on Ringo's expressive face, that Paul's grandad is not speaking of the brain as the organ which ought to be kept in constant use. Ringo puts down his book and promptly goes out “parading.”
National Survey on Gifted Education
Authors: Gallagher James J. 
Published: July 2017

The thirteen-member Advisory Committee to the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Gifted and Talented* in a recent meeting, felt a strong need to make a definite statement on gifted education based upon the widest possible sampling of interested parents and professionals. We need your help and support. We hope, through this survey, to answer several questions regarding priorities on procedures, philosophies, and program support strategies. We will seek through other means to gather accurate program cost figures and program effectiveness data. Our goal is to provide a strong document that can be used to discuss educational resources needed for gifted children with public and private leaders interested in these issues.
Myths and Realities of Giftedness: A Test
Authors: Wilson Susan 
Published: July 2017

Zeus, mythical ruler of Mount Olympus and king of gods and men, could kill any of his enemies by hurling a thunderbolt of forked lightning at them. The ancient Greeks, puzzled by natural phenomena, could understand a terrifying lightning bolt if they thought an angry Zeus had thrown it. The myth was both imaginative and comforting — especially to a mortal who had remembered his sacrifices to Zeus. If the mortal was wayward, however, and had decided to seek fate's blessing under a large pine tree during a thunderstorm, he may have soon learned more about lightning than myth had told. Myths are often dangerous - not just to wayward ancient Greeks but also to the modern-day gifted child. Can you distinguish modern myths about giftedness from the realities revealed by educational research?Simply put a check beside the answer you think is correct. The answer key beginning on the next page will let you know your Reality Quotient.
Challenges in Math
Authors: Feng Chengde 
Published: July 2017

In China, we know very well what the contest problems for various levels are in the U.S., since they are often published in a lot of Chinese periodicals. It is quite hard to believe that there are only a few or even no mathematical contest problems of other countries in numerous (math) educational magazines here in the United States. Frankly speaking, the American math competition problems look much easier in comparison with those of China. So, I think it is worthwhile to introduce some Chinese math competition problems to the American teachers and parents. The problems compiled here are from the second round of the Chinese Primary School Mathematics Examination 1987 (for 5th and 6th graders). It is a 14-question, 90-minute examination.
An Interview with Carolyn M. Callahan
Authors: Kirschenbaum Robert J. 
Published: July 2017

This is the conclusion of Robert Kirschenbaum's interview with Carolyn Callahan. Dr. Callahan is Professor of Educational Studies, Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville. She is Director of the University of Virginia Enrichment Program. She has been the Editor of the Journal for the Education of the Gifted, President of the Association for the Gifted, and is currently on the Board of Directors for the National Association for Gifted Children. She is on the editorial board of several journals in the field of gifted education. Her publications have often focused on the education of gifted females and the evaluation of gifted programs. In addition, she was chosen as the Outstanding Faculty Member of the Commonwealth of Virginia in 1988. Dr. Callahan was interviewed by phone from her residence in Charlottesville in June, 1990.
Parallel Performance Investigations of an Unstructured Mesh Navier-Stokes Solver
Authors: Mavriplis Dimitri J. 
Published: July 2017

Summary The implementation and performance of a hybrid OpenMP/ MPI parallel communication strategy for an unstructured mesh computational fluid dynamics code is described. The solver is cache efficient and fully vectorizable, and is parallelized using a two-level hybrid MPI-OpenMP implementation suitable for shared and/or distributed memory architectures, as well as clusters of shared memory machines. Parallelism is obtained through domain decomposition for both communication models. Single processor computational rates as well as scalability curves are given on various architectures. For the architectures studied in this work, the OpenMP or hybrid OpenMP/MPI communication strategies achieved no appreciable performance benefit over an exclusive MPI communication strategy.
Successful Hair Transplant of Eyebrow Alopecia Areata
Authors: Barankin Benjamin , Taher Muba , Wasel Norman 
Published: July 2017

Background: Alopecia areata of the eyebrows can be difficult to treat. Intralesional triamcinolone or potent topical steroids are considered the mainstay of medical therapy. This case illustrates the results of an experimental hair transplant to the eyebrows following years of modest response to intralesional triamcinolone. Objective: The aim of this study was to ascertain the benefits of a hair transplant for chronic eyebrow alopecia areata not responding to appropriate medical therapy. Methods: A hair transplant was performed with tumescent anesthesia and a total of 85 mini and micrografts placed in the right eyebrow. Followup after the hair transplant occurs every 8 weeks. Results: The patient was free of eyebrow alopecia areata for 8 months following the initial hair transplant. Although the disease relapsed, hair growth is now manageable with intralesional cortisone injection performed six times per year. Conclusions: For the first time in years, this patient was given 8 months of reprieve from his eyebrow alopecia areata and is currently well-maintained on monthly intralesional cortisone which originally was of only modest benefit. The patient is pleased with the outcome.
Cytokine and Growth Factor mRNA Expression Patterns Associated with the Hypercontracted, Hyperpigmented Healing Phenotype of Red Duroc Pigs: A Model of Abnormal Human Scar Development?
Authors: Gallant—Behm Corrie L. , Olson Merle E. , Hart David A. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Skin wounds in red Duroc pigs heal with the formation of hypercontractile, hyperpigmented scars, similar in some respects to human hypertrophic scars. ObjectiveThe goal of this study was to characterize the mRNA expression patterns for a subset of relevant cytokines, growth factors, receptors, and transcription factors involved in the red Duroc scarring phenotype. Methods: Full-thickness and deep dermal wounds were created on the backs of juvenile female red Duroc pigs. Samples were taken every two weeks postwounding and total RNA and DNA were extracted and quantified. RT-PCR was performed using porcine gene-specific primers for 15 relevant molecules. Results: The majority of molecules examined exhibited a biphasic pattern of expression, with peaks of expression at days 14 and 56 postinjury. Conclusions: The molecular expression pattern observed correlates well with the gross healing phenotype and matrix molecule expression patterns previously reported in red Duroc pigs. These findings enhance our understanding of the processes associated with fibroproliferative scar-formation.
Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Imiquimod and 5-Fluorouracil for the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis: Critical Review and Meta-Analysis of Efficacy Studies
Authors: Gupta Aditya K. , Davey Valerie , McPhail Heather 
Published: July 2017

Background: Actinic keratosis lesions occur frequently on sun-exposed skin of Caucasians. They become more prevalent with advancing age and are important in identifying the risk factor of those people possibly predisposed to invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Topical therapies are useful alternatives to cryotherapy for treating diffuse actinic damage and a number of preparations have been developed for treating actinic keratosis. Objectives: A cumulative meta-analysis was performed to determine the efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream, which presents a new alternative topical therapy for actinic keratosis, and to compare it to 5-fluorouracil for the treatment of actinic keratosis lesions of the face and scalp. Methods: We searched MEDLINE (1966 to October 2004) for relevant studies evaluating the efficacy of actinic keratosis topical agents imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil (0.5%, 1%, and 5%). Studies included in this meta-analysis required a dosage regimen that was not significantly different from that approved by Health Canada and the U.S. FDA. Studies also required a well-defined treatment duration and followup period, with the primary efficacy variable being the complete (100%) clearance of all actinic keratosis lesions defined as the proportion of patients at followup with no clinically visible lesions in the treatment area. To determine the average efficacy rate for both drugs, the data from each study were combined for that drug. Results: Ten studies were included in the analysis. The average efficacy rate for each drug (with 95% confidence interval) was 5-fluorouracil, 52 ± 18% ( n = 6 studies, 145 subjects) and imiquimod, 70 ± 12% ( n = 4 studies, 393 subjects). Conclusions: The results of this meta-analysis show that both imiquimod and 5-fluorouracil are effective methods for the treatment of actinic keratosis and provide a useful alternative to cryotherapy. However, this analysis suggests that imiquimod may have higher efficacy than 5-fluorouracil for actinic keratosis lesions located on the face and scalp and therefore provides another option to dermatologists.
Familial Bullous Lichen Planus (FBLP): Pedigree Analysis and Clinical Characteristics
Authors: Huang Changzheng , Chen Siyuan , Liu Zhixiang , Tao Juan , Wang Chunsen , Zhou Youwen 
Published: July 2017

Background: Familial bullous lichen planus (FBLP) is a rare condition. The clinical features dearly have been described. Objective: We report the largest patient series of FBLP and describe its clinical characteristics and inheritance pattern. Methods: In this retrospective chart review, we analyzed nine consecutive familial pedigrees of FBLP with 36 affected individuals who presented to the Department of Dermatology at the Wuhan Union Hospital, a tertiary referral hospital in central China. Parameters analyzed include age of onset, gender predilection, lesional distribution, nail and mucosal involvement, clinical course, and inheritance pattern. Results: Thirty-six of 85 individuals in the nine families were affected (42.4%). Females were more likely to be affected than males (58.3% vs 35.7%, Ġ(χ2 = 3.99. P < 0.05). A bimodal disease onset was found, with one peak at 1–3 years and another at 13–17 years. The shin is the most commonly affected area (97%) followed by the upper limbs and the thighs. Involvement of the torso is relatively rare. Only a minority of cases involves the oral mucosa. The disease tends to follow a chronic and progressive course. The inheritance pattern is autosomal dominant with variable penetrance. Conclusion: Familial bullous lichen planus is a chronic, progressive bullous eruption of the lower and upper extremities. Compared with non familial bullous lichen planus, it has an earlier onset and wider disease distribution. It may be inherited as an autosomal dominant condition with variable penetrance.
Safety and Efficacy of a Milk-Derived Extract in the Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis: An Open-Label Study
Authors: Poulin Y. , Pouliot Y. , Lamiot E. , Aattouri N. , Gauthier S. F. 
Published: July 2017

Background: XP-828L is a nutraceutical compound obtained by the extraction of a growth factors-enriched protein fraction from bovine milk. XP-828L may improve psoriasis. Objectives: An open-label study was performed to determine the efficacy, tolerability and safety of XP-828L in the treatment of plaque psoriasis. Methods: Eleven adult patients with chronic, stable plaque psoriasis on 2% or more of body surface area (BSA) received 5 g of oral XP-828L twice daily for 56 days. Results: All 11 patients completed the 56 days of treatment. At day 28, 6 of the 11 patients showed a reduction in PASI score. At 56 days, seven subjects had a decrease in PASI score ranging from 9.5% to 81.3%. Eight (8) out of 11 patients agreed to participate in an additional 8-week extension treatment phase. Improvement of psoriasis was maintained during the extension period. No clinically significant adverse events or laboratory abnormalities occurred. Conclusion: XP-828L may improve psoriasis in patients with mild-to-moderate psoriasis.
The Cochrane Skin Group: Promoting the Best Evidence
Authors: Collier Avanta , Johnson Kathryn R. , Delamere Finola , Leonard Tina , Dellavalle Robert P. , Williams Hywel 
Published: July 2017

Background: The international Cochrane Skin group, established in 1997, organizes, writes and disseminates systematic reviews of therapeutic interventions in dermatology. ObjectiveTo introduce the Cochrane Skin Group and what it offers to cutaneous medicine and surgery providers. Methods: Descriptive review of the structure and output of the Cochrane Collaboration Library and the Cochrane Skin Group. Results: Systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials produced through the Cochrane Skin Group provide a benchmark for evidence summaries for informing clinical decisions in dermatology. Conclusion: The work performed by the Cochrane Skin Group is an important component for informing the evidence base for the clinical practice of cutaneous and surgical dermatology.
Unilateral Basal Cell Carcinomas: An Unusual Entity Treated with Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Lane Joshua E. , Allen Jennifer H. , Lane Tanda N. , Lesher Jack L. 
Published: July 2017

Background: Unilateral localized basal cell carcinomas are an uncommon finding that presents both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Exclusion of unilateral nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome is indicated. There are few reports in the literature regarding this entity and even less regarding therapeutic strategies. Objective: We present a patient with unilateral localized basal cell carcinomas who was successfully treated with photodynamic therapy. Methods: Photodynamic therapy was started using Levulan® Kerastick® as previously described. The topical solution was applied to the patient's back and illuminated the following day via the BLU-U Blue Light Illuminator. Results: The patient tolerated the procedure well and without complications. The patient had an excellent therapeutic response with no clinically apparent basal cell carcinomas for 18 months. Conclusions: We report a patient with unilateral basal cell carcinomas successfully treated with photodynamic therapy. This uncommon entity represents a diagnostic challenge in its inherent absence of the classic clinical and radiographic findings of nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome. Like nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome, unilateral basal cell carcinomas poses a therapeutic challenge with the sheer number of cutaneous tumors. The use of photodynamic therapy carries a proven therapeutic efficacy, a low rate of adverse events and excellent cosmesis.
Early retinal atrophy predicts long-term visual impairment after acute optic neuritis
Authors: Sanchez-Dalmau Bernardo , Martinez-Lapiscina Elena H , Torres-Torres Ruben , Ortiz-Perez Santiago , Zubizarreta Irati , Pulido-Valdeolivas Irene V , Alba-Arbalat Salut , Guerrero-Zamora Ana , Calbet David , Villoslada Pablo 
Published: July 2017

Background: Visual recovery after optic neuritis (ON) used to be defined as good, although patients frequently complain of poor vision. Methods: We carried out a prospective study on 38 consecutive patients with acute ON followed monthly for 6 months and evaluated high- and low-contrast visual acuity (HCVA and LCVA, respectively), quality of vision (National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire-25 (NEI-VFQ-25)), visual fields, and retinal thickness by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). Results: We found significant impaired LCVA and color vision in ON eyes 6 months after acute ON, which impact on quality of life. LCVA and color vision were correlated with the thicknesses of the ganglion cell and inner plexiform layer (GCIPL; 2.5% LCVA r = 0.65 and p = 0.0001; color vision r = 0.75 and p < 0.0001) and that of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL; LCVA r = 0.43 and p = 0.0098; color vision r = 0.62 and p < 0.0001). Linear regression models that included the change in the GCIPL and pRNFL thicknesses from baseline to month 1 after onset explained 47% of the change in 2.5% LCVA and 67% of the change of color vision acuity. When adjusting for the value of visual acuity at baseline, predictors of the change in vision from baseline to month 6 achieved similar performance for all three types of vision (HCVA, LCVA, and color vision). Conclusion: Monitoring retinal atrophy by OCT within the first month after ON onset allows individuals at a high risk of residual visual impairment to be identified.
The Prevention and Control of Marine Pollution: A Progress Report
Authors: Brown E. D. 
Published: July 2017

Whether one is concerned with the continuing availability of caviar or the state of the beach at Brighton, it is difficult to remain unaware of the almost obsessive attention which is being paid to pollution in general and to marine pollution in particular by a host of institutions, national and international. Not only because the problem is a very complex and many-sided one but also because it is a politically fashionable one, there are very few international institutions which have not felt the necessity to take part in the current debate. One result is that it is rapidly becoming a full-time occupation to collect, digest and assess the ever-increasing volume of documentation, much of which reffects the overlapping spheres of juisdiction of the institutions concerned. The purpose of this paper, therefore, is to present a comprehensive progress report on the work of these institutions, whether their concern be with the prevention and control of marine pollution or with compensation for the damage it causes. It is hoped that such a report will provide a useful framework of reference for a better understanding of the preparations for and results of the several international conferences which are scheduled to meet in the next few years. The paper falls into six main parts. Following an introductory section on the institutional framework within which work is proceeding, parts II-V deal with the substance of that work on the prevention of oil pollution; liability for oil pollution; radioactive pollution; and marine pollution by other hazardous substances. Finally, part VI is devoted to a summing up and look ahead.
Evidence Based Practice — How to Do a Literature Search
Authors: Jerosch-Herold Christina 
Published: July 2017

Evidence based practice has been defined as the integration of current best evidence with individual clinical expertise when making decisions about the care of individual patients (Sacket et al, 1996) The use of one without the other does not constitute evidence-based practice. As clinicians therefore it is vital not to devalue clinical expertise developed through education and practice but it is also time that a closer look is taken at the research which should underpin our practice. It is this which maybe poses the greater challenge. The distance to the nearest library, the associated computer technology which has to be mastered, the limits on time and staffing act as disincentives rather than to encourage evidence-based practice. This paper is the first of a series on getting evidence into practice by providing an introductory guide on how to search for literature using computer databases. Examples from the field of hand therapy are used to illustrate the different components involved in a search and how different strategies work.
Case Studies in Health Information Management
Authors: Lloyd Sheree , Smith Carl 
Published: July 2017

This is the second management case study in the series. Each one highlights situations and problems that health information managers may face in their work. The series is interactive: readers are invited to comment on the case study and suggest strategies for dealing with the problems it reveals. Contributions from readers are published in the following issue. Responses to our first case study, published in the May 1997 issue, are reproduced below.
The Accuracy of Eclampsia Cases Reported to the Victorian Inpatient Minimum Database and the Perinatal Data Collection Unit
Authors: Riley Merilyn , Halliday Jane 
Published: July 2017

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of the reporting and coding of eclampsia in two routine data collections: the Victorian Inpatient Minimum Database (VIMD) and the Perinatal Data Collection Unit (PDCU). The validity of cases in the two data sets was confirmed by reference to the original medical record data. Only 12 cases were the same in both data sets (i.e., 35.3% agreement). There were an additional 51 cases that were reported to either one or the other of the data sets and, of these, only 15 (i.e., 29%) were confirmed as eclampsia. The overall number of cases confirmed for both systems in 1995 was 27, or 0.4 per 1000 confinements. Reasons for these discrepancies were investigated and three basic problems identified: quality of documentation in the medical record, coding errors, and use of data from computer-generated forms. Neither the VIMD nor the PDCU was regarded as having sufficiently accurate data for adequate reporting of maternal morbidity. By combining the information from both databases a better estimate of incidence can be obtained, but improved reporting and coding is essential for accurate assessment of this condition.