bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Desafios e Dificuldades do Professor Alfabetizador
Authors: Morais Maria José Lopes de Sousa , Beserra Theóphilo Michel Álvares Cabral 
Published: October 2016

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e discutir questões que permeiam o dia a dia escolar do professor alfabetizador, com ênfase nas dificuldades enfrentadas em sala de aula por esse profissional,já que muitas vezes o mesmo depara-se com obstáculos que limitam o seu trabalho e retardam o processo de ensino aprendizagem dos alunos.Realizou-se aqui uma pesquisa bibliográfica para considerar suas contribuições teóricas de autores tais como: CAMBI ( 1999), LEMLE (1988), NÉRICI(1972), PIAGET(1997), POERCH(1990)> Podendo-se constatar que alguns dos desafios e dificuldades enfrentados pelo professor são a pouca formação focada na alfabetização, a falta de participação dos pais na vida escolar dos filhos e o alto índice de indisciplina na sala de aula. Diante desses resultados concluiu-se que para superar as dificuldades, o professor deve agir em conjunto com a comunidade escolar e pais para rever Ações e criar outras buscando oferecer uma educação de qualidade ao aluno.
A Terceirização dos Serviços de Administração Pública na Rede Hospitalar e na Educação: Um estudo na visão dos usuários
Authors: Santos Wilian Oliveira , Lopes Júnior Francisco Raimundo , Lima Alexandre Coelho , Lima Camila Coelho , Lima Maria do Socorro Macêdo Coêlho 
Published: October 2016

Terceirização é uma expressão muito utilizada nos setores públicos e privados, tendo por significado transferir serviços. O presente trabalho apresenta questionamentos sobre a terceirização na área da saúde e da educação, com relação à eficiência e satisfação na visão de usuários e funcionários. Em se tratando de saúde, será que a mudança na gestão e a terceirização num hospital público, tem trazido a mesma eficiência ao atendimento dos clientes, na visão dos seus usuários? Ou mesmo, quando se trata da área de educação, o que muda na prestação dos serviços executados por profissionais terceirizados em relação a realização do mesmo serviço pelo profissional efetivo, na visão desse trabalhador? A pesquisa objetiva analisar as vantagens e desvantagens da terceirização de recursos humanos no campo da administração pública, na visão dos usuários desses serviços. Utiliza-se como método de abordagem do problema a pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória. Teve início com a pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, em dados secundários, e utilizando-se dados quantitativos finalizou realizando um estudo de caso com público usuário dos serviços de saúde e com profissionais de educação. Concluindo-se que a terceirização é necessária, porém trouxe mais desvantagem do que vantagem.
Marker-Based Estimates Reveal Significant Nonadditive Effects in Clonally Propagated Cassava (Manihot esculenta): Implications for the Prediction of Total Genetic Value and the Selection of Varieties
Authors: Wolfe Marnin D , Kulakow Peter , Rabbi Ismail Y , Jannink Jean-Luc 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn clonally propagated crops, nonadditive genetic effects can be effectively exploited by the identification of superior genetic individuals as varieties. Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a clonally propagated staple food crop that feeds hundreds of millions. We quantified the amount and nature of nonadditive genetic variation for three key traits in a breeding population of cassava from sub-Saharan Africa using additive and nonadditive genome-wide marker-based relationship matrices. We then assessed the accuracy of genomic prediction for total (additive plus nonadditive) genetic value. We confirmed previous findings based on diallel crosses that nonadditive genetic variation is significant for key cassava traits. Specifically, we found that dominance is particularly important for root yield and epistasis contributes strongly to variation in cassava mosaic disease (CMD) resistance. Further, we showed that total genetic value predicted observed phenotypes more accurately than additive only models for root yield but not for dry matter content, which is mostly additive or for CMD resistance, which has high narrow-sense heritability. We address the implication of these results for cassava breeding and put our work in the context of previous results in cassava, and other plant and animal species.
Male-Specific Transcription Factor Occupancy Alone Does Not Account for Differential Methylation at Imprinted Genes in themouseGerm Cell Lineage
Authors: Romasko Edward J , Engel Nora 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGenomic imprinting is an epigenetic mechanism that affects a subset of mammalian genes, resulting in monoallelic expression depending on the parental origin of the alleles. Imprinted regions contain regulatory elements that are methylated in the gametes in a sex-specific manner (differentially methylated regions; DMRs). DMRs are present at nonimprinted loci as well, but whereas most regions are equalized after fertilization, methylation at imprinted regions maintains asymmetry. We tested the hypothesis that paternally unmethylated DMRs are occupied by transcription factors (TFs) present during male gametogenesis. Meta-analysis of mouse RNA data to identify DNA-binding proteins expressed in male gametes and motif enrichment analysis of active promoters yielded a list of candidate TFs. We then asked whether imprinted or nonimprinted paternally unmethylated DMRs harbored motifs for these TFs, and found many shared motifs between the two groups. However, DMRs that are methylated in the male germ cells also share motifs with DMRs that remain unmethylated. There are recognition sequences exclusive to the unmethylated DMRs, whether imprinted or not, that correspond with cell-cycle regulators, such as p53. Thus, at least with the current available data, our results indicate a complex scenario in which TF occupancy alone is not likely to play a role in protecting unmethylated DMRs, at least during male gametogenesis. Rather, the epigenetic features of DMRs, regulatory sequences other than DMRs, and the role of DNA-binding proteins capable of endowing sequence specificity to DNA-methylating enzymes are feasible mechanisms and further investigation is needed to answer this question.
ВІДНОСНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ ІМУНОГРАМ У СЕРОПОЗИТИВНИХ НА ТОКСОПЛАЗМЕНУ ІНВАЗІЮ СОБАК ТА КОТІВ
Authors: Broshkov M.M. , Trokosi D.S. , Sheviakova A.A. 
Published: October 2016

In most parasitic diseases, the main element of protection of an organism is cell-mediated immunity. His immunological reactivity depends on the ability of an organism to respond adequately to the introduction of antigen. Evaluation of relative indices of the immunogram of HIV-positive dogs and cats have shown that a more pronounced decrease in the relative number of lymphocytes in the experimental group were observed in dogs (33% of the trial) compared with cats (22%). This species difference is probably due to the development cycle of the pathogen and the fact, namely, dogs are the ultimate owners unlike cats. Comparing the relative number of T-helper lymphocytes, it should be noted that seropositive dogs, the figure was higher (by 15% in comparison with the control) and in the middle pozitivnih cats on the contrary marked reduction (47% compared to control). In experimental dogs, compared with control the ability of neutrophils to phagocytosis is less than 8% and cats the difference is 1.5%.When the relative amount by B-lymphocytes in seropositive dogs and cats found that subpopulation of lymphocytes, unlike T-cells, in contrast was higher in the experimental group of animals. In the control group of dogs and cats of these cells is within 11%. In the experimental group of cats increased number of these cells is more pronounced and 3.25% more than in the experimental group of dogs. Analysis of the relative amount of lymphocytes NK- showed that the number of these cells is lower in seropositive for toxoplasmosis dogs and cats. A marked reduction of cell found in cats experimental group (by 5.25%), but in dogs by 1.75%.Given the slight percentage decrease ability neutrophil phagocytosis can be assumed that this cell population is not exposed to marked reduction due to specific receptors vidsutnistyu toksoplazmenoho antigen and it does not allow pathogens directly affect the functional activity of these cells.
THERAPEUTIC EFFECTIVENESS OF THE DRUG RBS – DOG AS IMMUNE MODULATING MEANS IN THE TREATMENT OF DOGS WITH WOUNDS AT HYPO ERGIC TYPE OF INFLAMMATION
Authors: Gajduk M.B. , Gutyj B.V. , Gufrij D.F. 
Published: October 2016

The article deals with the results of searches on the therapeutic effectiveness of RBS – DOG (Manufacturer PP «Laboratory Erbis» at Ltd. «Erbis» Kyiv, Ukraine) as immune modulating means in the complex treatment of open mechanical damage in dogs with hypo ergic type of inflammation. The effectiveness of treatment was assessed by clinical condition, speeds wound healing, and also by the results of laboratory tests on blood by morphological and biochemical parameters. It was established that more active recovery of clinical status, wound healing and normalization of dogs blood indices was in the experimental group when using in the complex treatment of preparation RBS – DOG.Thus, the combined treatment of dogs with purulent wounds using immune stimulating preparation «Erbisol» and a solution of aqua chelates nanoclusters Argentum and Cuprum along with the acceleration of wound healing leads to a rapid normalization of the morphological structure of blood, compared with the traditional method of treatment.The additional use of the preparation RBS – DOG in doses and by the scheme provided for postcard–tab, improved clinical status, accelerated wound healing, increased immunity, and speed up the recovery of animals compared to animals that did not receive the drug.In addition to the therapeutic effect, the preparation RBS – DOG was well tolerated target by animals and caused no side effects.
ВПЛИВ ФУМОНІЗИНОТОКСИКОЗУ НА МОРФОЛОГІЧНІ ТА БІОХІМІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КРОВІ ЩУРІВ
Authors: Guta Z. 
Published: October 2016

The article deals with the influence of fumonisins on morphological and biochemical indices of rats blood. 20 rats weighing 165-170 g were used in the experiment. It was formed two groups: first group of animals - served as a control, in the second experimental group – chronic fumonisin toxicosis was reproduced. Rats were daily injected with intra- gastro intestinal 90 mg of fumonisin per one animal. It was established that after the introduction of fumonisin to rats, mycotoxins have a negative impact on the morphological indices of rats blood. It wass found a probable increase in the number of leukocytes to 18.9 g/l, the number of eosinophils to 6.7% segmented neutrophils to 30.7%, and also the decrease in the number of lymphocytes and monocytees to 56.0 and 0.7%. In the analysis of leukocyte formula we have noted the tendency to displacement the nucleus left.Reactions that occur on the background of the above mentioned toxicity,caused by selective tropism for various tissues of the body; as a result there are nefro-, hepato- and nephrotoxic reactions.To diagnose these changes is possible after a comprehensive study on the basis of biochemical changes. At research of biochemical parameters in rats blood by the development of chronic fumonisin toxicosis it was set the reduction of the level of total protein; indicating the development of violations of proteins exchange in rats organism and protein synthesized liver function.Also it was found that under the conditions of fumonisin toxicosis in rats, alanine -aminotransferase activity and aspartate- aminotransferase in their blood throughout the experiment was increased.This is explained by increased permeability of cells under the influence of fumonisin that influenced directly on the membrane, probably, disrupting their structural components. The concentration of creatinine and urea in the blood of experimental rats which were fed with fumonisin, exceeded the physiological values that were clinical sign of the development of inflammation in rats organism.On the 14th day the phagocytic activity of neutrophils and phagocytic index of rat blood affected by fumonisin was reduced, indicating the availability of such changes in the immune system of animals.
INFLUENCE OF «METISEVIT» ON THE ACTIVITY OF ENZYME AND NONENZYME LINK OF ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION UNDER THE BULL’S BODY CADMIUM LOADING
Authors: Gutyj B.V. , Lavryshyn Y. , Binkevych V. , Binkevych O. , Paladischuk О. , Strons'kyj J. , Hariv I. 
Published: October 2016

The article contains the research results of the effect of cadmium chloride on the indexes of enzyme and nonenzyme systems of antioxidant defense system in young cattle, such as the activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels of vitamins A and E. It is established that feeding calves at a dose of toxicant 0.04 mg / kg activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels of vitamins A and E in the blood of experimental animals decreased throughout the experiment. The lowest indicators of antioxidant in the blood of young cattle is set on the twenty -fourth day of the experiment, which is associated with increased activation of lipid peroxidation and the balance between antioxidant system and lipid peroxidation intensity. Given the cadmium load of young cattle it is used a new integrated drug with antioxidant action «Metisevit», which includes metifen, sodium selenite and vitamin E wich is founded as stimulating effects on the activity of antioxidant protection. In particular,it is established probable increase in activity of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione levels, vitamin A and vitamin E in the blood of young cattle, which has performed cadmium stress. These changes occur through comprehensive action components of the drug «Metisevit» that leads to the normalization of metabolic processes and free radical in the body of the bull. The results of the research indicate antioxidant drug «Metisevit» in the application of its young cattle and the validity of his administration to improve the body's antioxidant status of chronic cadmium toxicosis.
КОМПЛЕКСНІ ПРЕПАРАТИ НА ОСНОВІ НАНОБІОМАТЕРІАЛІВ, ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ У РЕПРОДУКЦІЇ ОВЕЦЬ ТА КІЗ
Authors: Sklyarov P.M. , Koshevoy V.P. 
Published: October 2016

A complex preparations «Kahadin + OV», «Kaplaestrol + OV», «Karafest + OV» and «Karafand + OV», which have antioxidant, anti-hypoxic and membranoprotective properties thanks to nanobiomaterials.Were tested drug «Karafest + OV Zn», at doses of justification which came out of the daily needs of animals in the components of the drug, which for sheep and goats in the last 7-8 weeks of pregnancy (per animal), carotene – 0.28–0.5 mg/kg, or 12–26 mg, phytoestrogens – 0,0175 mg/kg or 0.61-1.22 mg, zinc – 1-1.08 mg/kg, or 54-70 mg.The content of substances in 1 ml «Karafest + OV Zn» according to the technical specifications are: carotene - 10 mg (1,2-2,6 ml), phytoestrogens - 1 mg (0.6-1.2 ml), zinc carbonate – 2 mg, ortovanadatе europium activated gadolinium – 0.00015 mg.The final dosage was determined by the scheme – 0.35–2.1 ml/animal оr 0.01–0.03 ml/kg body weight/day.The drug «Karafest + OV Zn» asked orally with food daily for a month to projected pregnancy (140 days of pregnancy).The positive effect of the drug «Karafest + OV Zn» at the homeostasis parameters in sheep, including normalization of serum vitamin A, zinc and total protein; prooxidative-antioxidant system containing serum – malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase and erythrocyte – malondialdehyde, catalase, restored glutathione and oxidative-antioxidant value; system state oxygen metabolism – the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentration of 2.3-dyphosphoglyceratis.Thus, the use of the drug «Karafest + OV Zn» increased content in blood serum, vitamin A (by 16.2%), zinc (by 23,4%), total protein (by 11.5%), malondialdehyde (by 17.5%), catalase (by 24.7%), superoxide dismutase (by 17.9%); in erythrocytes: (by 24.4%), catalase (by 23.9 %) and reduced glutathione (by 18.2%) and hemoglobin (by 23.5 %), the actual number of red blood cells (by 21.8%), the concentration of 2,3-dyphosphoglyceratis (by 22.2%) and normalized prooxidant-antioxidant ratio.
ТОКСИКОЛОГІЧНА ОЦІНКА ПРЕПАРАТУ «БІОКОНТАКТ ПЛЮС» ДЛЯ МЕДОНОСНОЇ БДЖОЛИ
Authors: Tushak S.F. , Romanishina T.O. 
Published: October 2016

The article is devoted to the toxicological estimation of the disinfectant of new generation «Biocontact plus» for bees using the method of contact and oral toxicity definition. The experiments were carried out at the laboratory of Zhytomyr National Agroecological University at the faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Pharmacology and Epizootology. Definition of contact and oral toxicity was carried out by the method of bees’ group treatment in entomophilic gardens and isolators. The duration of the observation period: for acute phase – 48 hour, for chronic phase – 20 days. It was concluded, that the contact use of the drug results in temporary effect, if concentration is 0.3%. While estimating the toxicity in the stomach, the effect of acute toxicity was observed at the level of concentration 0.3%. If the drug is used with the concentration 0.1% and 0.15%, is has stimulating and activating effect. If the level of concentration is low (0.03%, 0.01%), no positive changes in the vital functions of the bees were observed. The possibility of use the drug in the function of stimulator for bees using the method of nutrition additives with the level of concentration 0.1% and 0.15% was proved.It is necessary to study the possibility of the usage of the drug in the function of stimulator for bees using the method of nutrition additives with the level of concentration 0.1% and 0.15% taking into consideration the changes of physiological markers (cytological and morphological hemolymph composition, development of lipid droplet), assessment of influence on the economically useful markers of families, changes in sanitary and hygiene behaviour of bees.
ЗБЕРЕЖЕННЯ ЖИТТЄЗДАТНОСТІ ЯЄЦЬ ТА ЛИЧИНОК СТРОНГIЛЯТ I АСКАРИДАТ У ДОВКІЛЛІ В ЗИМОВИЙ ПЕРІОД
Authors: Feshenko D.V. , Bakhur T.I. , Zgozinska O.A. 
Published: October 2016

This paper presents the results of the helminthological study of sand, hay and silage in different periods of 2010 – 2015. It was established that on the territory of Polissya the eggs and larvae of nematodes (Parascaris equorum, Strongylidae sp., Toxocara canis) at typical winter air temperature (-15 – +3 °C) remain viable in the environment, contributing to the spread of continuous year-round animal infestation.We prove that in the stall period of keeping animals rough and succulent feed (hay, silage) can be a source of infection of nematodes even in late winter: according to our data, in February in the hay the number of eggs P. equorum was 2.6 ± 0.74 eggs/3 drops of flotation solution, in the silage – 8.8±1.01, and Strongylidae sp. – 3.2 ± 0.73 and 5.6 ± 0.6 eggs/3 drops of flotation solution respectively. Consequently, for the prevention of helminthiasis all harvested food should be checked for the presence of pathogens in it.Maximum contamination of sand from playgrounds in the Zhytomyr region by toxocara eggs was: 674.6 eggs/3 drops of flotation solution in autumn and 60.3 – in the spring. Totally 12.8–18.4% of T. canis eggs are overwintering in the sand successfully. The data should be considered when planning preventive veterinary measures. Recommended in disadvantaged regions to carry out preventive deworming animals every 3 months.
ПОКАЗНИКИ ПЕРОКСИДНОГО ОКИСНЕННЯ ЛІПІДІВ У КРОВІ ВІВЦЕМАТОК, ХВОРИХ НА ГЕПАТОДИСТРОФІЮ
Authors: Chernushkin B.O. , Slivinska L.G. , Vlizlo V.V. 
Published: October 2016

The article deals with the results of studies on the causes and clinical manifestations of hepatodystrophy in ewes, indicators status of lipid peroxidation – TBA-active products, lipid hydroperoxides, diene conjugates.In order to establish the causes of hepatodystrophy in sheep, we have analyzed the feed rations. Sheep investigated 24 local breeds aged 3 – 4 years, weighing 45 – 56 kg. Conducted clinical study animals and blood were collected for laboratory analysis. Serum sheep determined the content of malondialdehyde (MDA-active products) using thiobarbituric acid (Stalnaja I.D., Haryshvyly T.G, 1977) and lipid hydroperoxides using ammonium thiocyanate (Romanova LA, Stalnaja I.D., 1977). In blood examined diene conjugates (Stalnaja I.D., 1977).High performance is ensured animals by creating appropriate technical conditions and feeding. Violation of maintenance processes and non-biological nutrition of the cause performance degradation, the spread of disease and culling of animals. Development hepatodystrophy animals observed in animals fed low-quality forage and depraved that contain a number of toxic products of oxidation of fats – aldehydes, ketones, low molecular weight acids, hydroxy acids, which have toxic properties and also due to an unbalanced diet for the main nutrients and biologically active substancesThe main causes of primary hepatodystrophy in sheep is imbalanced nutrition and lack of essential nutrients in the diet. In analyzing the diet of established lack of dry matter, raw protein, digestible protein, raw fiber, sugar and starch. Value sugar and starch with digestible protein accounted for 1,78: 1, and sugar-protein ratio – 0,77. Rations were scarce for vitamins D and E, microelements – Sulphur, copper, zinc, cobalt and iodine.In ewes suffering from hepatodystrophy was set the development of oxidative stress – increase in blood activity of TBA-active products, lipid hydroperoxides, diene conjugates. In particular, concentration of diene conjugates was increased by twice the number of hydroperoxides lipids was increased by three times and the activity of TBA-active products was increased by five times compared with clinically healthy animals. Histological examination of liver biopsies of ewes was set that the develop of protein granular and fatty degeneration of hepatocytes.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА МОЖЛИВОСТЕЙ ІМУНОФЕРМЕНТНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Shemediuk N. 
Published: October 2016

Development of biotechnologies in modern world is one of the pressing questions in medicine, pharmacology, agriculture, ecology progres, different spheras of industry in particular food. In fact, development of approaches and facilities of analytical biotechnology with application of monoklonal antibodies (MKA) are actual nowdays.Contamination of animal forages by mikotoxins, active using of antiinfectives, growthfactors in a stockraising (that provides raw material for food industry) stipulates thenecessity of introduction optimal methods of analytical control of foodstuffs quality. Diagnostics of man diseases, control of the environment state are other important questions. The МКА, ELISA are ways of decision these questions.Comparatively subzero prime price, short duration time of analysis implementation , an inexpensive equipment explains to perfection, gives an opportunity to apply ELISA-test in different spheres of activity.