bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Metabolomics Analysis Reveals a Distinct Metabolic Profile of Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Hao Juan , Yang Tao , Zhou Yang , Gao Guo-Yuan , Xing Feng , Peng Yuan , Tao Yan-Yan , Liu Cheng-Hai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease associated with profound metabolic changes. The purpose of this study was to identify a distinctive metabolic signature from the training set with 29 PBC patients, 30 hepatitis B virus (HBV)-caused cirrhosis (HBC) and 41 healthy controls, and to validate the applicability and stability of the distinctive model from the validation set with 21 PBC patients, 7 autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and 9 HBC. The sera were investigated using high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and the datasets were analyzed pairwise using pattern recognition methods. 45 distinguishable metabolites were identified and 15 metabolic pathways were reprogrammed. The altered metabolic pathways were associated with glucose, fatty acid and amino acid metabolites. Logistic regression and ROC analysis were used to establish a diagnostic model with the equated (p) = −12.22–3.46*log(4-hydroxyproline) + 6.62*log(3-hydroxyisovalerate) − 2.44*log(citraconate) − 3.80*log(pyruvate). The area under the curve (AUC) of the optimized model was 0.937 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.868–0.976) in the training set and 0.890 (95% CI: 0.743–0.969) in the validation set. These results not only revealed the potential pathogenesis of PBC, but also provided a feasible diagnostic tool for PBC populations through detection of serum metabolites.
Body Size Predicts Echolocation Call Peak Frequency Better than Gape Height in Vespertilionid Bats
Authors: Thiagavel Jeneni , Santana Sharlene E. , Ratcliffe John M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn most vocalizing vertebrates, lighter animals tend to produce acoustic signals of higher frequency than heavier animals. Two hypotheses propose to explain this negative relationship in vespertilionid bats: (i) mass-signal frequency allometry and (ii) emitter-limited (maximum gape) signal directionality. The first hypothesis, that lighter bats with smaller larynges are constrained to calls with higher frequencies, is supported at the species level. The second hypothesis proposes that in open space, small bats use higher frequencies to achieve narrow sonar beams, as beam directionality increases with both emitter size (maximum gape) and signal frequency. This hypothesis is supported within a comparative context but remains untested beyond a few species. We analyzed gape, body mass, and echolocation data under a phylogenetic comparative framework to test these hypotheses, and considered forearm length as both a proxy for wing design and an alternative measure of bat size. Controlling for mass, we found no support for the directionality hypothesis. Body mass and relative forearm length were negatively related to open space echolocation call peak frequency, reflecting species-specific size differences, but also the influence of wing design and preferred foraging habitat on size-independent species-specific differences in echolocation call design.
Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles reveal novel candidate genes associated with meat quality at different age stages in hens
Authors: Zhang Meng , Yan Feng-Bin , Li Fang , Jiang Ke-Ren , Li Dong-Hua , Han Rui-Li , Li Zhuan-Jan , Jiang Rui-Rui , Liu Xiao-Jun , Kang Xiang-Tao , Sun Gui-Rong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPoultry meat quality is associated with breed, age, tissue and other factors. Many previous studies have focused on distinct breeds; however, little is known regarding the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms in different age stages, such as DNA methylation. Here, we compared the global DNA methylation profiles between juvenile (20 weeks old) and later laying-period (55 weeks old) hens and identified candidate genes related to the development and meat quality of breast muscle using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. The results showed that the later laying-period hens, which had a higher intramuscular fat (IMF) deposition capacity and water holding capacity (WHC) and less tenderness, exhibited higher global DNA methylation levels than the juvenile hens. A total of 2,714 differentially methylated regions were identified in the present study, which corresponded to 378 differentially methylated genes, mainly affecting muscle development, lipid metabolism, and the ageing process. Hypermethylation of the promoters of the genesABCA1, COL6A1andGSTT1Land the resulting transcriptional down-regulation in the later laying-period hens may be the reason for the significant difference in the meat quality between the juvenile and later laying-period hens. These findings contribute to a better understanding of epigenetic regulation in the skeletal muscle development and meat quality of chicken.
Antibody-targeted paclitaxel loaded nanoparticles for the treatment of CD20+ B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Nevala Wendy K. , Butterfield John T. , Sutor Shari L. , Knauer Daniel J. , Markovic Svetomir N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe developed a nano-antibody targeted chemotherapy (nATC) delivery strategy in which tumor specific and clinically relevant antibodies (rituximab, anti-CD20) are non-covalently bound to the albumin scaffold of nab-paclitaxel (ABX). We define the nanoparticle formed when the 2 drugs are bound (AR160). The newly created nATC retains the cytotoxicity of ABX and CD20 affinity of rituximabin vitro. We describe the binding characteristics of the ABX and rituximab in AR160 using peptide mapping/Biacore approach. Flow-based methods, including ImageStream and nanoparticle tracking, were used to characterize the AR160 particlesin vitro. A mouse model of human B-cell lymphoma was utilized to testin vivoefficacy of AR160 therapy, which suggested improved tumor targeting (biodistribution) as the most likely mechanism of AR160 therapeutic superiority over ABX or rituximab alone. These data suggest a novel platform for nATC delivery using a slight modification of existing cancer drugs with significantly improved treatment efficacy.
Possible connections of the opposite trends in Arctic and Antarctic sea-ice cover
Authors: Yu Lejiang , Zhong Shiyuan , Winkler Julie A. , Zhou Mingyu , Lenschow Donald H. , Li Bingrui , Wang Xianqiao , Yang Qinghua 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSea ice is an important component of the global climate system and a key indicator of climate change. A decreasing trend in Arctic sea-ice concentration is evident in recent years, whereas Antarctic sea-ice concentration exhibits a generally increasing trend. Various studies have investigated the underlying causes of the observed trends for each region, but possible linkages between the regional trends have not been studied. Here, we hypothesize that the opposite trends in Arctic and Antarctic sea-ice concentration may be linked, at least partially, through interdecadal variability of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). Although evaluation of this hypothesis is constrained by the limitations of the sea-ice cover record, preliminary statistical analyses of one short-term and two long-term time series of observed and reanalysis sea-ice concentrations data suggest the possibility of the hypothesized linkages. For all three data sets, the leading mode of variability of global sea-ice concentration is positively correlated with the AMO and negatively correlated with the PDO. Two wave trains related to the PDO and the AMO appear to produce anomalous surface-air temperature and low-level wind fields in the two polar regions that contribute to the opposite changes in sea-ice concentration.
A novel label-free fluorescence assay for one-step sensitive detection of Hg2+ in environmental drinking water samples
Authors: Li Ya , Liu Nan , Liu Hui , Wang Yu , Hao Yuwei , Ma Xinhua , Li Xiaoli , Huo Yapeng , Lu Jiahai , Tang Shuge , Wang Caiqin , Zhang Yinhong , Gao Zhixian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA novel label-free fluorescence assay for detection of Hg2+ was developed based on the Hg2+-binding single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and SYBR Green I (SG I). Differences from other assays, the designed rich-thymine (T) ssDNA probe without fluorescent labelling can be rapidly formed a T-Hg2+-T complex and folded into a stable hairpin structure in the presence of Hg2+ in environmental drinking water samples by facilitating fluorescence increase through intercalating with SG I in one-step. In the assay, the fluorescence signal can be directly obtained without additional incubation within 1 min. The dynamic quantitative working ranges was 5–1000 nM, the determination coefficients were satisfied by optimization of the reaction conditions. The lowest detection limit of Hg2+ was 3 nM which is well below the standard of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. This method was highly specific for detecting of Hg2+ without being affected by other possible interfering ions from different background compositions of water samples. The recoveries of Hg2+ spiked in these samples were 95.05–103.51%. The proposed method is more viable, low-costing and simple for operation in field detection than the other methods with great potentials, such as emergency disposal, environmental monitoring, surveillance and supporting of ecological risk assessment and management.
Load- and polysaccharide-dependent activation of the Na+-type MotPS stator in the Bacillus subtilis flagellar motor
Authors: Terahara Naoya , Noguchi Yukina , Nakamura Shuichi , Kami-ike Nobunori , Ito Masahiro , Namba Keiichi , Minamino Tohru 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe flagellar motor of Bacillus subtilis possesses two distinct H+-type MotAB and Na+-type MotPS stators. In contrast to the MotAB motor, the MotPS motor functions efficiently at elevated viscosity in the presence of 200 mM NaCl. Here, we analyzed the torque-speed relationship of the Bacillus MotAB and MotPS motors over a wide range of external loads. The stall torque of the MotAB and MotPS motors at high load was about 2,200 pN nm and 220 pN nm, respectively. The number of active stators in the MotAB and MotPS motors was estimated to be about ten and one, respectively. However, the number of functional stators in the MotPS motor was increased up to ten with an increase in the concentration of a polysaccharide, Ficoll 400, as well as in the load. The maximum speeds of the MotAB and MotPS motors at low load were about 200 Hz and 50 Hz, respectively, indicating that the rate of the torque-generation cycle of the MotPS motor is 4-fold slower than that of the MotAB motor. Domain exchange experiments showed that the C-terminal periplasmic domain of MotS directly controls the assembly and disassembly dynamics of the MotPS stator in a load- and polysaccharide-dependent manner.
Laterally coupled DFB interband cascade laser with tapered ridge
Authors: Becker S. , Scheuermann J. , Weih R. , Nähle L. , König O. , Fischer M. , Koeth J. , Höfling S. , Kamp M. 
Published: April 2017

In this work, single‐mode distributed feedback interband cascade lasers with tapered ridges are presented. The lasers consists of a 500 µm long and 5.7 µm wide ridge wave guide section followed by a 1400 µm long tapered section with an output facet width of 35 µm. The device is operational in continuous wave mode and well above room temperature. At 25°C, the threshold current and threshold current density were 81 mA and 324 A/cm2, respectively. The authors demonstrate a tuning range of over 14 nm with side mode suppression ratios >25 dB. The device showed temperature and injection power tuning coefficients of 0.35 nm/K and 4.09 nm/W, respectively. Output powers of 18 mW single mode and 35 mW multimode were achieved.
Bigger is Better: Optimizing Trout Stocking in Western Washington Lakes
Authors: Losee James P. , Phillips Larry 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The effect of the length of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss on catch rate, catch size, and cost of stocking was evaluated in two western Washington lakes. Rainbow Trout of two general length-classes (200–300 [“catchables”] and 300–400 mm [“jumbos”]) were differentially marked and stocked 1 d prior to a fishery utilizing typical sportfishing techniques. In both study lakes, larger trout represented a larger proportion of the total catch than would have been expected if proportional to lengths at stocking. Fish in the largest individual length-class (360–380 mm) were, on average, 12.5 times more likely to be caught by sport anglers than those in the smallest individual length-class (200–220 mm). Larger Rainbow Trout are more expensive to produce for stocking agencies. However, fish stocked in the 280–300-mm class were twice as likely to return to the creel as expected and therefore are the best value in terms of number of fish caught per dollar invested. The results of this study suggest that a stocking strategy aimed at stocking fish 280 mm or larger would result in lower cost overall and increased satisfaction from anglers. Additionally, stocking Rainbow Trout less than 280 mm appears to have minimal recreational value in western Washington lakes.
Received July 14, 2016; accepted January 7, 2017 Published online April 4, 2017
Black Bass Dispersal Patterns Following Catch-and-Release Tournaments on Lake Champlain
Authors: Maynard George A. , Mihuc Timothy B. , Sotola V. Alex , Garneau Danielle E. , Malchoff Mark H. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Lake Champlain is consistently ranked as one of the top fisheries for black bass Micropterus spp. in the United States. Tournament fishing on the lake has become increasingly popular, with dozens of tournaments held annually since the early 2000s and at least 60 more planned for 2017. The largest of these tournaments launch from Plattsburgh, New York, and their frequency has generated concerns among fishery managers and the public over post-weigh-in mortality and stockpiling. However, relatively little is known about the disposition of tournament-caught black bass in large (&gt;750 km2) lake systems. To address this information gap, we T-bar-tagged 1,141 Largemouth Bass M. salmoides and 1,160 Smallmouth Bass M. dolomieu collected from tournament anglers launching from Plattsburgh during 2011 and 2012. Additionally, 38 Largemouth Bass and 53 Smallmouth Bass caught during professional bass tournaments were implanted with radio tags prior to release. Angler-reported T-bar recaptures yielded a 9.8% recovery rate, with over half of the tag recoveries occurring within the first month postrelease, primarily within 5 km of their release. Radio-tagged fish were tracked for up to 383 d following release into Cumberland Bay, 1 km northeast of Plattsburgh. Overall, 43% of radio-tagged Largemouth Bass and 56% of radio-tagged Smallmouth Bass left the bay, although there was variation in dispersal patterns between years. One T-bar-tagged fish and no radio-tagged fish returned to their proximate capture locations. Despite the absence of fish returning to their original capture location, results from both T-bar tagging and radiotelemetry suggest that long-term (&gt;1 month) stockpiling in Cumberland Bay is not an issue. However, short-term (&lt;1 month) stockpiling, coupled with an abundance of publicly accessible fishing areas in Plattsburgh, may warrant concern for increased black bass mortality during the weeks after release.
Received April 24, 2016; accepted February 8, 2017 Published online April 4, 2017
Social-Recognition versus Financial Incentives? Exploring the Effects of Creativity-Contingent External Rewards on Creative Performance
Authors: Mehta Ravi , Dahl Darren W. , Zhu Rui (Juliet) 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The present work examines the role of creativity-contingent monetary versus social-recognition rewards on creative performance and provides new insights into the underlying motivational processes through which these rewards affect consumer creativity. A series of five studies demonstrate that within the context of creativity contingency, monetary rewards induce a performance focus, while social-recognition rewards induce a normative focus. Such performance (normative) focus in turn enhances (attenuates) approach motivation to be original and hence leads to higher (lower) originality in a creative task. Thus, this work not only advances the current understanding of how and why two types of widely used creativity-contingent external rewards may have contrasting effects on creative performance, but it also offers important practical insights to managers who utilize reward systems in cultivating consumer creativity in their innovation platforms.
Cerebral Revascularization for Aneurysms in the Flow-Diverter Era
Authors: Straus David C. , Brito da Silva Harley , McGrath Lynn , Levitt Michael R. , Kim Louis J. , Ghodke Basavaraj V. , Barber Jason K. , Sekhar Laligam N. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cerebral bypass has been an important tool in the treatment of complex intracranial aneurysms. The recent advent of flow-diverting stents (FDS) has expanded the capacity for endovascular arterial reconstruction.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated how the advent of FDS has impacted the application and outcomes of cerebral bypass in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.

METHODS: We reviewed a consecutive series of cerebral bypasses during aneurysm surgery over the course of 10 years. FDS were in active use during the last 5 years of this series. We compared the clinical characteristics, surgical technique, and outcomes of patients who required cerebral bypass for aneurysm treatment during the preflow diversion era (PreFD) with those of the postflow diversion era (PostFD).

RESULTS: We treated 1061 aneurysms in the PreFD era (from July 2005 through June 2010) and 1348 in the PostFD era (from July 2010 through June 2015). Eighty-five PreFD patients (8%) and 45 PostFD patients (3%) were treated with cerebral bypass. PreFD patients had better baseline functional status compared to PostFD patients with average preoperative modified Rankin Scale score of 0.55 in PreFD and 1.18 in PostFD.

CONCLUSION: After the introduction of FDS, cerebral bypass was performed in a lower proportion of patients with aneurysms. Patients selected for bypass in the flow-diverter era had worse preoperative modified Rankin Scale scores indicating a greater complexity of the patients. Cerebral bypass in well-selected patients and revascularization remains an important technique in vascular neurosurgery. It is also useful as a rescue technique after failed FDS treatment of aneurysms.
Results of the ANSWER Trial Using the PulseRider for the Treatment of Broad-Necked, Bifurcation Aneurysms
Authors: Spiotta Alejandro M. , Derdeyn Colin P. , Tateshima Satoshi , Mocco Jay , Crowley R. Webster , Liu Kenneth C. , Jensen Lee , Ebersole Koji , Reeves Alan , Lopes Demetrius K. , Hanel Ricardo A. , Sauvageau Eric , Duckwiler Gary , Siddiqui Adnan , Levy Elad , Puri Ajit , Pride Lee , Novakovic Roberta , Chaudry M. Imran , Turner Raymond D. , Turk Aquilla S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The safety and probable benefit of the PulseRider (Pulsar Vascular, Los Gatos, California) for the treatment of broad-necked, bifurcation aneurysms was studied in the context of the prospective, nonrandomized, single arm clinical trial—the Adjunctive Neurovascular Support of Wide-neck aneurysm Embolization and Reconstruction (ANSWER) Trial.

OBJECTIVE: To present the results of the United States cases employing the PulseRider device as part of the ANSWER clinical trial.

METHODS: Aneurysms treated with the PulseRider device among sites enrolling in the ANSWER trial were prospectively studied and the results are summarized. Aneurysms arising at either the carotid terminus or basilar apex that were relatively broad necked were considered candidates for inclusion into the ANSWER study.

RESULTS: Thirty-four patients were enrolled (29 female and 5 male) with a mean age of 60.9 years (27 basilar apex and 7 carotid terminus). Mean aneurysm height ranged from 2.4 to 15.9 mm with a mean neck size of 5.2 mm (range 2.3-11.6 mm). In all patients, the device was delivered and deployed. Immediate Raymond I or II occlusion was achieved in 82.4% and progressed to 87.9% at 6-month follow-up. A modified Rankin Score of 2 or less was seen in 94% of patients at 6 months.

CONCLUSION: The results from the ANSWER trial demonstrate that the PulseRider device is safe and offers probable benefit as for the treatment of bifurcation aneurysms arising at the basilar apex or carotid terminus. As such, it represents a useful addition to the armamentarium of the neuroendovascular specialist.
Recent advances in visible-light-driven organic reactions
Authors: Liu Qiang , Wu Li-Zhu 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In recent years, visible-light-driven organic reactions have been experiencing a significant renaissance in response to topical interest in environmentally friendly green chemical synthesis. The transformations using inexpensive, readily available visible-light sources have come to the forefront in organic chemistry as a powerful strategy for the activation of small molecules. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the development of visible-light-driven organic reactions, including aerobic oxidation, hydrogen-evolution reactions, energy-transfer reactions and asymmetric reactions. These key research topics represent a promising strategy towards the development of practical, scalable industrial processes with great environmental benefits.
Big Learning with Bayesian methods
Authors: Zhu Jun , Chen Jianfei , Hu Wenbo , Zhang Bo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe explosive growth in data volume and the availability of cheap computing resources have sparked increasing interest in Big learning, an emerging subfield that studies scalable machine learning algorithms, systems and applications with Big Data. Bayesian methods represent one important class of statistical methods for machine learning, with substantial recent developments on adaptive, flexible and scalable Bayesian learning. This article provides a survey of the recent advances in Big learning with Bayesian methods, termed Big Bayesian Learning, including non-parametric Bayesian methods for adaptively inferring model complexity, regularized Bayesian inference for improving the flexibility via posterior regularization, and scalable algorithms and systems based on stochastic subsampling and distributed computing for dealing with large-scale applications. We also provide various new perspectives on the large-scale Bayesian modeling and inference.
T-Connector Modification for Reducing Recurrent Distal Shunt Failure: Report of 2 Cases
Authors: Carnevale Joseph A , Ahmedli Nigar , Morrison John F , Asaad Wael F , Klinge Petra , Telfeian Albert 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE
Cerebrospinal fluid shunt placement is used to treat the various causes of hydrocephalus by redirecting the cerebrospinal fluid to the body, most commonly from the ventricle to the peritoneum. Distal catheter displacement from the peritoneal cavity can occur as a complication, necessitating reoperation.

CLINICAL PRESENTATION
We report 2 such cases in obese patients involving retropulsion of the distal tubing. To address this complication, we implanted a T-connector to the distal catheter construct.

CONCLUSION
This study supports the use of a T-connector catheter construct to decrease and prevent the possibility of distal peritoneal catheter retropulsion in cases of elevated intra-abdominal pressure, both prophylactically and in revisions.