bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A FHIR Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Interface for Platelet Transfusion Support
Authors: Gordon William , Baronas Jane , Lane William 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPlatelet transfusions are a cornerstone of therapy for patients who develop thrombocytopenia while undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (HSCT). Many patients who develop Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness (PTR) require HLA-matched platelets. Identifying these patients early could lead to better utilization of platelets as well as increased platelet counts. We built a SMART on FHIR visualization tool to aid the oncology, blood bank, and blood donor center teams in identifying these patients by showing trends in thrombocytopenia along with a computer generated calculated Panel Reactive Antibody (cPRA) level. To do this, we required a FHIR interface to our HLA database. We describe our methods and outcome for constructing this FHIR interface, as well as the architecture and data flow of HLA data from its proprietary database to the SMART on FHIR environment and application database along with RESTful cPRA web service calculator. Future work will evaluate the clinical impact of this platelet visualization tool and overall success of our FHIR implementation.
Citation: Gordon WJ, Baronas J, Lane WJ. A FHIR human leukocyte antigen (HLA) interface for platelet transfusion Support. Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 603–611 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2017-01-CR-0010
Barn och konst - samtal, kommunikation och demokrati
Authors: Lindh Yvonne 
Published: June 2017

Artikeln fokuserar på förskolebarns möte med konst i form av offentlig utsmyckning. Femåriga förskolebarn besöker sex skulpturer, interagerar med dem, med varandra och med sin lärare. De tecknar av skulpturerna på plats. Ett sociokulturellt och demokratiskt perspektiv används för att belysa barnen möte med konsten där leken tar stor plats. Deras egna tolkningar och samspelet med konsten undersöks med hjälp av partiell etnografi där deltagande pedagoger möter konsten, tolkar den, samspelar med den, kopplar den till sin egen verklighet och dessutom engagerar sig i konsten.This article focuses on pre-school children and their meeting with public art in the form of sculptures. Together with their teacher they interact with the artworks, with each other, and they do their own interpretation at site by making drawings of the sculptures. The playful meeting between children and public art is described from a sociocultural and democratic perspective. The children’s own interpretations and interactions with the art are investigated using ethnographic method through participant observation. The result shows that pre-school children with the assistance of a proficient teacher meet the art, interpret it, interact with it, and connect it to their every-day lives, besides truly engaging in the artprocess.
EMT: Present and future in clinical oncology
Authors: Santamaria Patricia G. , Moreno‐Bueno Gema , Portillo Francisco , Cano Amparo 
Published: June 2017

Epithelial/mesenchymal transition (EMT) has emerged as a key regulator of metastasis by facilitating tumor cell invasion and dissemination to distant organs. Recent evidences support that the reverse mesenchymal/epithelial transition (MET) is required for metastatic outgrowth; moreover, the existence of hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) phenotypes is increasingly being reported in different tumor contexts. The accumulated data strongly support that plasticity between epithelial and mesenchymal states underlies the dissemination and metastatic potential of carcinoma cells. However, the translation into the clinics of EMT and epithelial plasticity processes presents enormous challenges and still remains a controversial issue. In this review, we will evaluate current evidences for translational applicability of EMT and depict an overview of the most recent EMT in vivo models, EMT marker analyses in human samples as well as potential EMT therapeutic approaches and ongoing clinical trials. We foresee that standardized analyses of EMT markers in solid and liquid tumor biopsies in addition to innovative tools targeting the E/M states will become promising strategies for future translation to the clinical setting.
Distribution and solar wind control of compressional solar wind‐magnetic anomaly interactions observed at the Moon by ARTEMIS
Authors: Halekas J. S. , Poppe A. R. , Lue C. , Farrell W. M. , McFadden J. P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA statistical investigation of 5 years of observations from the two‐probe Acceleration, Reconnection, Turbulence, and Electrodynamics of Moon's Interaction with the Sun (ARTEMIS) mission reveals that strong compressional interactions occur infrequently at high altitudes near the ecliptic but can form in a wide range of solar wind conditions and can occur up to two lunar radii downstream from the lunar limb. The compressional events, some of which may represent small‐scale collisionless shocks (“limb shocks”), occur in both steady and variable interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions, with those forming in steady IMF well organized by the location of lunar remanent crustal magnetization. The events observed by ARTEMIS have similarities to ion foreshock phenomena, and those observed in variable IMF conditions may result from either local lunar interactions or distant terrestrial foreshock interactions. Observed velocity deflections associated with compressional events are always outward from the lunar wake, regardless of location and solar wind conditions. However, events for which the observed velocity deflection is parallel to the upstream motional electric field form in distinctly different solar wind conditions and locations than events with antiparallel deflections. Consideration of the momentum transfer between incoming and reflected solar wind populations helps explain the observed characteristics of the different groups of events.
Evolution of permeability and microstructure of tight carbonates due to numerical simulation of calcite dissolution
Authors: Miller Kevin , Vanorio Tiziana , Keehm Youngseuk 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe current study concerns fundamental controls on fluid flow in tight carbonate rocks undergoing CO2 injection. Tight carbonates exposed to weak carbonic acid exhibit order of magnitude changes in permeability while maintaining a nearly constant porosity with respect to the porosity of the unreacted sample. This study aims to determine—if not porosity—what are the microstructural changes that control permeability evolution in these rocks? Given the pore‐scale nature of chemical reactions, we took a digital rock physics approach. Tight carbonate mudstone was imaged using X‐ray microcomputed tomography. We simulated calcite dissolution using a phenomenological numerical model that stands from experimental and microstructural observations under transport‐limited reaction conditions. Fluid flow was simulated using the lattice‐Boltzmann method, and the pore wall was adaptively eroded at a rate determined by the local surface area and velocity magnitude, which we use in place of solvent flux. We identified preexisting, high‐conductivity fluid pathways imprinted in the initial microstructure. Though these pathways comprise a subset of the total connected porosity, they accommodated 80 to 99% of the volumetric flux through the digital sample and localized dissolution. Porosity‐permeability evolution exhibited two stages: selective widening of narrow pore throats that comprised preferential pathways and development and widening of channels. We quantitatively monitored attributes of the pore geometry, namely, porosity, specific surface area, tortuosity, and average hydraulic diameter, which we qualitatively linked to permeability. This study gives a pore‐scale perspective on the microstructural origins of laboratory permeability‐porosity trends of tight carbonates undergoing transport‐limited reaction with CO2‐rich fluid.
Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 () variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity
Authors: Hedelius Jacob K. , Feng Sha , Roehl Coleen M. , Wunch Debra , Hillyard Patrick W. , Podolske James R. , Iraci Laura T. , Patarasuk Risa , Rao Preeti , O'Keeffe Darragh , Gurney Kevin R. , Lauvaux Thomas , Wennberg Paul O. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWithin the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB),
varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources.
measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1σ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in
between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO2) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in
across the SoCAB as well.
Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts: theGlialcam‐null mouse model
Authors: Bugiani Marianna , Dubey Mohit , Breur Marjolein , Postma Nienke L. , Dekker Marien P. , ter Braak Timo , Boschert Ursula , Abbink Truus E. M. , Mansvelder Huibert D. , Min Rogier , van Weering Jan R. T. , van der Knaap Marjo S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveMegalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts (MLC) is a genetic infantile‐onset disease characterized by macrocephaly and white matter edema due to loss ofMLC1 function. Recessive mutations in eitherMLC1orGLIALCAMcause the disease.MLC1 is involved in astrocytic volume regulation; GlialCAMensures the correct membrane localization ofMLC1. Their exact role in brain ion‐water homeostasis is only partly defined. We characterizedGlialcam‐null mice for further studies.MethodsWe investigated the consequences of loss of GlialCAMinGlialcam‐null mice and compared GlialCAMdevelopmental expression in mice and men.ResultsGlialcam‐null mice had early‐onset megalencephaly and increased brain water content. From 3 weeks, astrocytes were abnormal with swollen processes abutting blood vessels. Concomitantly, progressive white matter vacuolization developed due to intramyelinic edema.Glialcam‐null astrocytes showed abolished expression ofMLC1, reduced expression of the chloride channel ClC‐2 and increased expression and redistribution of the water channel aquaporin4. Expression of otherMLC1‐interacting proteins and the volume regulated anion channelLRRC8A was unchanged. In mice, GlialCAMexpression increased until 3 weeks and then stabilized. In humans, GlialCAMexpression was highest in the first 3 years to then decrease and stabilize from approximately 5 years.InterpretationGlialcam‐null mice replicate the early stages of the human disease with early‐onset intramyelinic edema. The earliest change is astrocytic swelling, further substantiating that a defect in astrocytic volume regulation is the primary cellular defect inMLC. GlialCAMexpression affects expression ofMLC1, ClC‐2 and aquaporin4, indicating that abnormal interplay between these proteins is a disease mechanism in megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with cysts.
Effect of visual feedback during laparoscopic basic training using a box trainer with a transparent top
Authors: Maemura Kosei , Mataki Yuko , Kurahara Hiroshi , Kawasaki Yota , Mori Shinichirou , Iino Satoshi , Sakoda Masahiko , Ueno Shinichi , Shinchi Hiroyuki , Natsugoe Shoji 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLaparoscopic surgical training using a box trainer facilitates mastery of laparoscopic surgery. Few studies have investigated whether visualizing the surgical field in the box trainer improves performance of laparoscopic surgical procedures during laparoscopic training. An original box trainer equipped with a transparent top made of mesh covered with a latticed structure was developed and used for evaluation of novices during laparoscopic training. Three tasks (levels 1 to 3) involving organ handling while setting the surgical field were arranged to evaluate the efficacy of training. Forty‐five students were divided into three groups: group A, students without practical training; group B, students trained using the covered box trainer; and group C, students trained using the transparent box trainer. Completion time of each task before and after training was compared. Training significantly reduced the operating time, with a significant difference between the level 1 task and the levels 2 (P<.001) and 3 (P<.0001) tasks. There was no significant difference in operating time between the levels 2 and 3 tasks. Overall time reduction rate in group C was significantly shorter than that in group A, but not in group B. The time reduction rate for the level 3 task was lowest in group C, with a statistically significant difference existing in group A (P<.001). Visual feedback during surgery through the transparent top of the laparoscopic box trainer helped reduce the learning time required to carry out laparoscopic surgery.
Polymerization of 1‐Phosphaisoprene: Synthesis and Characterization of a Chemically Functional Phosphorus Version of Natural Rubber
Authors: Dück Klaus , Rawe Benjamin W. , Scott Michael R. , Gates Derek P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMacromolecules derived from 1,3‐dienes, such as polyisoprene (or natural rubber), are of considerable importance in polymer science. Given the parallels between P=C and C=C bonds, the prospect of polymerizing P‐containing 1,3‐dienes, such as 1‐phosphaisoprene, is intriguing due to the unique chemical functionality imparted by the heavier element combined with their structural relationship to natural rubber. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and coordination chemistry of the first polymers derived from Mes*P=CR−CH=CH2 (Mes*=2,4,6‐t‐Bu3C6H2; R=H, Me). In the case of 1‐phosphaisoprene (R=Me), the monomer is isolable and its anionic polymerization affords a polymer that retains P=C bonds in its microstructure. The chemical functionality of these novel materials is demonstrated by forming the macromolecular gold(I) complex where the P=C bond is retained for further chemical elaboration.
Die Pyxipyrrolone: Strukturaufklärung und Biosynthese zytotoxischer myxobakterieller Sekundärmetabolite
Authors: Kjaerulff Louise , Raju Ritesh , Panter Fabian , Scheid Ullrich , Garcia Ronald , Herrmann Jennifer , Müller Rolf 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAuf der Suche nach neuen Sekundärmetaboliten wurde ein Stamm des Genus Pyxidicoccus untersucht. Es gelang die Identifizierung und Strukturaufklärung einer strukturell neuartigen Naturstoffklasse mit interessanter Bioaktivität. Isolation und Strukturaufklärung führte zu zwei neuen Naturstoffen, Pyxipyrrolon A und B, die eine neuartige 3‐Methylen‐2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9‐octahydro‐1H‐benzo[e]isoindol‐1‐on Einheit enthalten. Kombinationen aus Moshers Methode und NMR‐Experimenten wurden genutzt, um die Konfiguration aller Stereozentren bis auf eines aufzuklären. Nach Genomsequenzierung konnte ein Genclusterkandidat für die Pyxipyrrolon‐Biosynthese gefunden und interpretiert werden. Die Verbindungen wirken gegen verschiedene Krebszelllinien zytotoxisch, wobei Pyxipyrrolon B um das 2‐ bis 11‐fache aktiver ist, obwohl es sich nur durch eine Methyleneinheit vom A‐Derivat unterscheidet.
Controller Reset Strategy for Anti‐Windup Based on Switching Gain Analysis
Authors: Suyama K. , Sebe N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhen the calculated value of a control input approaches its limitations, resets of controllers are often used to prevent windup. However, an automatic reset should only be performed after confirmation that it will not adversely affect the transient performance and lead to another windup. In this study, we apply a switching
gain analysis to a more appropriate evaluation of transient responses after a reset in order to propose an improved strategy for the automatic resets of controllers, such that windup does not accompany resets.
Experimentelle Validierung einer Plattenbalken‐Bahnbrücke aus bewehrtem UHFB
Authors: Borkowski Gregor , Thoma Karel , Brühwiler Eugen , Rupp Christoph 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDer Werkstoff UHFB gehört im Brückenbau heutzutage noch nicht zu den Werkstoffen, die gewöhnlicherweise zum Einsatz kommen. Die Gründe hierfür sind fehlende Normen und zu geringe Anreize zur Innovation im Bauwesen. Dennoch bietet UHFB viele Vorteile, die im Rahmen des Ersatzes einer Bahnbrücke in der Schweiz gegenüber dem Betonbau überwogen. Dieser Aufsatz dokumentiert Versuche an zwei Plattenbalken aus bewehrtem UHFB, die im Rahmen der Bemessung und Herstellung dieser Bahnbrücke durchgeführt wurden: ein Biege‐ und ein Querkraftversuch. Es werden die Gründe für die Wahl von bewehrtem UHFB aufgezeigt, die gewählte Geometrie erläutert sowie die durchgeführten Versuche vorgestellt. Im Rahmen der Versuche wurden ebenfalls umfangreichen Materialversuche an UHFB durchgeführt, die im Weiteren vorgestellt werden. Schließlich werden die experimentell ermittelten Tragwiderstände der beiden Balken mit analytischen Widerstandsmodellen verglichen.
Gymnasium München‐Nord
Authors: Fahlbusch Mark , Freund Alexander 
Published: June 2017

AbstractZum Schuljahr 2016/17 wurde im Münchner Norden das neue staatliche Gymnasium München‐Nord an der Knorrstraße eröffnet. Das Schulgelände misst ca. 22 000 m2 und befindet sich im Bereich einer ehemaligen Kaserne. Das vierzügige Gymnasium ist für circa 100 Lehrer und 1 000 Schüler ausgelegt. Neben drei gewöhnlichen Zügen pro Jahrgangsstufe wird zusätzlich eine Klasse pro Stufe als „Sportklasse” geführt. Das Hauptaugenmerk dieses Artikels liegt auf der Tragwerksplanung des Hauptgebäudes, welches im Erdgeschoss eine Mensa und Aula und in den Obergeschossen Fachlehrsäle beherbergt. Die Lasten aus den Obergeschossen werden über eine auskragende Wandscheibe abgetragen, welche das Moment aus der Auskragung über die Decken in seitliche Wandscheiben einleitet.
Synthesis of a Bioreversibly Masked Lipophilic Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose Derivative
Authors: Pahnke Katharina , Meier Chris 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe design of a bioreversibly protected lipophilic sugar nucleotide as a potential membrane‐permeable precursor of adenosine diphosphate ribose (ADPR) is described. ADPR is the most potent activator of the transient receptor potential melastatin 2 (TRPM2) ion channel. Membrane‐permeable, lipophilic derivatives of ADPR are of great interest as tools for study of the mechanism of TRPM2. The approach described here was based on our recently disclosed “DiPPro” and “TriPPPro” prodrug approaches developed for the intracellular delivery of nucleotides. A lipophilic, bioreversibly masked ADPR analogue containing an enzymatically cleavable 4‐pentanoyloxybenzyl (PB) mask at the phosphate moiety next to the 5′‐position of adenosine, together with O‐acetyl groups, was prepared in high yields. Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis studies in phosphate buffer (pH 7.3) were performed to assess chemical stability and possible (selective) enzymatic demasking of the ADPR analogue. HPLC‐MS revealed that the PB group was readily cleaved enzymatically. In addition, the formation of partially deacetylated ADPR compounds and also of fully unprotected ADPR was observed.
In Situ Construction of Globe‐like Carbon Nitride as a Self‐Cocatalyst Modified Tree‐like Carbon Nitride for Drastic Improvement in Visible‐Light Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution
Authors: Song Ting , Zhang Piyong , Zeng Jian , Wang Tingting , Ali Atif , Zeng Heping 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhotogenerated carriers possess high recombination efficiency in carbon–nitrogen materials, which results in lower photocatalytic H2 evolution activity. By reviewing the literature, it was concluded that relying only on a structure‐controlled technique was insufficient to reduce the combination of photogenerated carriers without introducing a foreign material or element. Hence, bulk‐like g‐C3N4 [CN (B)], globe/strip‐like g‐C3N4 [CN (G/S)], and globe/tree‐like g‐C3N4 [CN (G/T)] were in situ obtained through a facile calcination method. Similar to platinum (Pt) as a cocatalyst, globe‐like carbon nitride as a self‐cocatalyst was found to improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers effectively. Interestingly, the hollow‐tree‐branch morphology of CN (G/T) effectively transmitted photogenerated holes, which thereby enhanced the photocatalytic H2 evolution activity. The H2 production rates of CN (G/S) and CN (G/T) were almost 10.7 and 18.3 times greater, respectively, than that of CN (B) without the addition of Pt as a cocatalyst. Notably, CN (G/S) and CN (G/T) displayed considerable rates of H2 production in water relative to that shown by CN (B) (no activity) without the use of any sacrificial agent and by using Pt as a cocatalyst. CN (G/T) showed outstanding long‐term stability, as evidenced by seven cycle tests performed over 28 h. The charge separation and transfer process of the compounds were verified by photoluminescence (PL), time‐resolved PL spectroscopy, and photocurrent measurements.
Simulation of a Bubble Column by Computational Fluid Dynamics and Population Balance Equation Using the Cell Average Method
Authors: Li Qian , Cheng Jingcai , Yang Chao , Mao Zai-Sha 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAn axisymmetric computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation coupled with a population balance equation (PBE) has been applied in simulating the gas‐liquid flow in a bubble column with an in‐house code. The novel feature of this simulation is the application of the cell average method in a CFD‐PBE coupled model for the first time. The predicted results by this method are compared with those by the traditional fixed pivot method and experimental data. For both methods, the simulated results are in reasonable agreement with the reported experimentally measured values. However, the bubble size distributions determined by the cell average method are slightly better than those found by means of the fixed pivot method, i.e., the latter provides a smaller peak value and a wider bubble size distribution, and the probability density function of large bubbles is higher.
Direct Functionalization of C−H Bonds by Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Catalysis
Authors: Pototschnig Gerit , Maulide Nuno , Schnürch Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNon‐precious‐metal‐catalyzed reactions are of increasing importance in chemistry due to the outstanding ecological and economic properties of these metals. In the subfield of metal‐catalyzed direct C−H functionalization reactions, recent years have shown an increasing number of publications dedicated to this topic. Nickel, cobalt, and last but not least iron, have started to enter a field which was long dominated by precious metals such as palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and iridium. The present review article summarizes the development of iron‐, nickel‐, and cobalt‐catalyzed C−H functionalization reactions until the end of 2016, and discusses the scope and limitations of these transformations.
Silyl Chalconium Ions: Synthesis, Structure and Application in Hydrodefluorination Reactions
Authors: Kordts Natalie , Künzler Sandra , Rathjen Saskia , Sieling Thorben , Großekappenberg Henning , Schmidtmann Marc , Müller Thomas 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Thomas Müller at the University of Oldenburg. The image depicts the allegorism of the studied reactions. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201700995.