bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glacier Cover Estimation: a Multitemporal Retrospective Analysis of the Uruashraju Snow-capped Mountain (Ancash)
Authors: Comeca-Chuquipul Miguel Angel , Cruz-Reyes Fray Masias , Aronés-Cisneros Angel , Durand-Castro David Mansueto 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: To estimate the evolution of the glacier cover of the Uruashraju snow-capped mountain (Áncash, Peru) between the years 2014 and 2024,

Theoretical framework: The research is framed in the context of climate change, specifically in the reduction of tropical glaciers. Andean glaciers are key indicators of global warming, and their retreat affects the availability of water resources, impacting sectors such as agriculture, human consumption and local biodiversity.

Method: A cartographic analysis of satellite images obtained through the "Landsat 8-9 OLI/TIRS C2 L2" mission for the years 2014, 2016, 2018, 2020, 2022 and 2024 was used. The images were downloaded from the USGS Earth Explorer platform and selected from the months of July to maintain temporal homogeneity. The spatial resolution used was 30 meters in visible, near infrared (NIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands.

Results and discussion: The results reveal a significant reduction of 37.28% in the glacier surface of the Uruashraju snow-capped mountain between 2014 and 2024. Despite some periods of temporary stabilization, the general trend is one of retreat due to climate change. This phenomenon affects water availability and poses risks for essential activities such as agriculture.

Implications of the research: The research highlights the urgent need to take measures to mitigate the effects of climate change on Andean glaciers, since their loss compromises the water and economic security of local communities that depend on glacial resources.

Originality/Value: This study offers a detailed and updated analysis of the evolution of glacier cover on the Uruashraju snow-capped mountain, providing relevant data for water resource planning and climate change adaptation strategies in the Andean region.
Increased Body Mass Index is Independently Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease among People with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Viswanathan Vijay , SelvaElavarasan Sivashankari , Kumpatla Satyavani 
Published: October 2024

Background
The alarming increase in the prevalence of obesity has implications for chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study aimed to assess if increased body mass index (BMI) can be an independent risk factor for CKD and T2D in the Indian context.

Materials and Methods
In this cross-sectional study, 602 (M:F = 378:224) participants were screened using Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) from January to October 2023 in Chennai. Demographic, anthropometric, biochemical, clinical details, and comorbidities were recorded. T2D with CKD low risk was taken as control group, and CKD moderate and high risks were the study groups. BMI was classified based on the Asian criteria into normal (18.5–22.9), overweight (23–24.9), and obese (≥25 kg/m2).

Results
Majority of participants in moderate and high risk categories were obese compared to the low risk category (60.5% and 66.4% vs. 39.1%; p < 0.001). A higher proportion of participants was on antihypertensive drugs in the high risk group and in the obese category (p < 0.001). Comorbidities and diabetic complications were higher in the high risk group (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age of ≥ 60 years [OR(95% CI); 6.3(2.2–18); p = 0.009]; increased BMI as overweight [3.6(2.1–6.3); p < 0.001] and obese [5.2(3.3–8.3); p < 0.001]; smoking [4.2(1.7–10.2); p = 0.002]; increased duration of diabetes of 5–15 years [2.3(1.2–4.5); p = 0.013], 16–25 years [4.8(2.2–10.4); p < 0.001], and >25 years [4.2(1.4–13); p = 0.011]; systolic blood pressure [1.01(1.0–1.03); p = 0.02]; and hemoglobin A1c [1.2(1.1–1.3); p < 0.001] were independent risk factors for the progression of CKD.

Conclusion
Increased BMI was independently associated with CKD in T2D. Overweight and obese individuals are four to five times at risk for CKD progression. Early identification, lifestyle intervention, and weight-lowering drugs may reduce the complications of obesity in T2D and CKD.
A ruptured craniocervical junction perimedullary arteriovenous fistula successfully treated through flow diversion: A case report
Authors: Albiña-Palmarola Pablo , Khanafer Ali , El Mekabaty Amgad , Forsting Michael , Ganslandt Oliver , Henkes Hans 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Spinal arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) located at the craniocervical junction (CCJ) are rare and usually present with hemorrhage. Bleeding is usually attributed to arterial feeders arising from the anterior spinal artery (ASA) and aneurysms located on such feeders. Perimedullary AVFs are typically found on the ventral surface of the spinal cord, which makes them difficult to treat through traditional microsurgical methods. In addition, their unique vessel angioarchitecture frequently precludes safe embolization. We present the first case of a CCJ perimedullary AVF successfully treated using flow diversion.

Case Description:
A 76-year-old man was brought to the emergency department after suddenly losing consciousness. On further evaluation, infratentorial subarachnoid hemorrhage and a perimedullary AVF at the ventral surface of the spinal cord were identified. The ASA originated from the left V4 segment, providing a single feeder to the lesion associated with a 2 mm aneurysm. After initial antiplatelet loading, 8 hydrophilic polymer-coated flow diverters were deployed to cover the ASA’s origin in two sessions, achieving the complete occlusion of the lesion and the aneurysm 5 months later, without evidence of ischemic lesions.

Conclusion:
CCJ perimedullary AVFs can bleed with devastating consequences. These lesions can be challenging to treat through traditional microsurgical or endovascular techniques. Progressive occlusion with flow diversion is feasible in single-feeder AVFs, theoretically allowing blood flow reorganization to the cervical spinal cord.
Neurosurgical skills conference for medical students: A before and after study
Authors: Osman Abdel Rahman , Sescu Daniel , Chansiriwongs Aminta , Eiamampai Natthaya , Ismahel Hassan , Ashraf Mohammad , Tsonis Ioannis , Bodkin Peter , Abdulrauf Saleem I. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Undergraduate conferences may improve exposure to neurosurgery among medical students. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of a neurosurgical skills conference on medical students’ comprehension and perceptions of the specialty.

Methods:
A before-and-after (BA) study design was employed to assess the effects of a conference that integrated presentations with hands-on sessions. Practical workshops covered craniotomy, spinal fixation, surface anatomy, intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, basic surgical skills, and microsurgical simulation. Pre-conference and post-conference surveys, utilizing Likert scales, gauged participants’ attitudes, prior neurosurgical exposure, and understanding of neurosurgical skills. Statistical analysis was conducted on dichotomized responses.

Results:
Thirty-one participants completed both surveys, with the majority being 1st and 2nd-year medical students. Among the participants, 58.1% were female, and 77.4% identified with BAME ethnicities. Following the conference, there was a notable increase in comprehension regarding neurosurgical careers (from 58.1% to 96.8%, P < 0.001) and training criteria (from 22.6% to 93.5%, P < 0.001). The conference enhanced knowledge of indications for craniotomy (P < 0.001), ICP monitoring (P < 0.001), and spinal fixation (P < 0.001). Participants reported improved understanding of the steps involved in craniotomy (P < 0.001), familiarity with basic cranial surgical surface anatomy (P < 0.001), and confidence in performing basic surgical instrument ties (P < 0.001). Although interest in pursuing a career in neurosurgery remained high (from 87.1% to 90.3%, P = 1.000), a majority of participants, both BA the conference, expressed concerns about the impact on personal life (from 58.1% to 64.5%, P = 0.774).

Conclusion:
This study underscores the role of undergraduate mixed-method conferences in augmenting understanding of neurosurgery and nurturing early interest.
Drainage of middle cranial fossa epidural abscess through mastoidectomy: Our experience and review of the literature
Authors: Feng Max , Vacaru Alexandra , Thimmappa Vikrum , Hanak Brian 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Otitis media (OM) can uncommonly lead to intracranial complications. Epidural abscesses represent a large proportion of cases; however, literature regarding the optimal surgical management of otogenic epidural abscesses is sparse. Favorably located epidural abscesses may be amenable to drainage through a transmastoid approach because the tegmen mastoideum lies immediately inferior to the middle cranial fossa (MCF).

Case Description:
We report 3 pediatric patients with OM complicated by epidural abscesses of the MCF. The ages ranged from 3 to 6 years old, with 2 females and 1 male. All 3 patients had acute mastoiditis with an abscess of the MCF ranging from 1.6 cm to 6.3 cm at the largest dimension. All patients underwent canal wall-up mastoidectomy with the evacuation of the MCF abscess through a small window, 0.7 × 0.7 cm or less, created in the tegmen mastoideum. All patients were successfully treated through this approach and had complete resolution of their infection on follow-up imaging. There were no postoperative temporal lobe encephaloceles.

Conclusion:
This is one of the few descriptions of the treatment of an otogenic epidural abscess of the MCF through a transmastoid approach. Collaboration with neurosurgery is vital because their familiarity with the intracranial space helped to guide the accurate direction of dissection. This highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the treatment of epidural intracranial abscess of the MCF through this approach. The risk of postoperative temporal lobe encephalocele was minimized due to the small tegmen defect size.
Transarterial embolization for anterior cranial fossa dural arteriovenous fistula based on multi-modal three-dimensional imaging
Authors: Kotsugi Masashi , Konishi Kengo , Yokoyama Shohei , Okamoto Ai , Nakase Kenta , Maeoka Ryosuke , Matsuda Ryosuke , Nakagawa Ichiro 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) in the anterior cranial fossa (ACF) is known to show a high risk of intracranial hemorrhage. Recently, multi-modal fusion imaging with computed tomography angiography, computed tomography venography, and three-dimensional (3D) rotation angiography have been used preoperatively to ensure anatomical safety. We report on endovascular treatment as a first-line approach for ACFDAVF based on the understanding of vascular anatomy obtained from multi-modal fusion imaging.

Methods:
All patients with ACF-DAVF treated endovascularly as a first-line approach were included in this study. Analyses took into account complications (particularly visual function), immediate angiographic outcomes, and follow-up findings in consecutive patients with ACF-DAVF treated with interventional treatment based on multi-modal fusion imaging.

Results:
Five patients with ACF-DAVF underwent six sessions of transarterial embolization (TAE) in our institution. The five male patients (mean age, 74.5 years; range, 60–84 years) were treated with liquid embolic agents (Onyx, four procedures; n-butyl 2-cyanoacrylate, two procedures). No difference was seen between preoperative image evaluation and image evaluation during the endovascular procedure, and in all cases, a microcatheter was navigated into a target artery assumed from preoperative multi-modal imaging, allowing treatment completion in a single procedure. In all cases, the shunt disappeared completely and visual function after procedure was maintained. At the last follow-up, all patients showed a modified Rankin scale score of 0 or 1 with no recurrences.

Conclusion:
Multi-modal fusion imaging facilitates a 3D understanding of the vascular anatomy, allowing TAE as the first-line treatment for ACF-DAVF.
Monitoring of visual-evoked potentials during fat packing in endoscopic resection of a giant pituitary adenoma
Authors: Hong Christopher S , Gerstl Jakob VE , Corrales C Eduardo , Smith Timothy R , Ritzl Eva K 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery has become a mainstay surgical approach for sellar pathologies and can effectively decompress mass effects on the optic nerves. Visual-evoked potentials (VEPs) have been utilized as an intraoperative adjunct during endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery to monitor the integrity of the optic pathways, but the data surrounding its reliability and efficacy remain heterogeneous.

Case Description:
An 80-year-old male underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary macroadenoma with preoperative visual deficits related to optic nerve compression. During fat packing of the resection cavity, a decrease in VEPs was noted, which seemingly improved after partial fat removal, although with paradoxically reduced VEP latencies. Despite this, the patient developed a visual field deficit postoperatively, requiring re-operation for further removal of the fat packing.

Conclusion:
This was a case of initially poorly formed VEPs that deteriorated and apparently improved following surgical intervention. The finding of shortened latencies of the VEPs was likely from noise contamination, creating the illusion of improved signal amplitudes. We recommend careful assessment of VEP data for baseline reproducibility, particularly in patients with pre-existing visual field deficits. Appropriate anesthetic selection is also important to reduce noise interference from the electroencephalogram.
Awake lumbar spine surgery performed under spinal versus conventional anesthesia
Authors: Mohi Eldin Mohamed M. , Salah-Eldin Hassan Abdelaaty Ahmed , Youssef Omar , Abdulkawy Alaa A. , Eltoukhy Mohamed 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Lumbar spine surgery for discectomy or laminectomy is mostly performed under general anesthesia (GA). Here, we explored whether, in a series of 84 patients, better peri-operative outcomes and lower complication rates could be achieved for those undergoing diskectomy/laminectomy under spinal anesthesia (SA) versus GA.

Methods:
From 2022 to 2023, 84 patients were randomly assigned to undergo lumbar discectomy/laminectomy for stenosis under SA: 42 patients versus GAGA: 42 patients. For these two populations, we analyzed and compared multiple variables, including duration of anesthesia, estimated blood loss (EBL), and outcomes (i.e., including pre/post-operative Visual Analogue Scale, Oswestry disability index, and short-form 36 questionnaires).

Results:
Major advantages of SA versus GA included a reduced mean EBL, shorter mean operative time, reduced mean hospital length of stay, and fewer post-operative side effects. Notably, baseline heart rate or mean arterial blood pressure showed no significant differences between SA and GA groups.

Conclusion:
Based on this small preliminary sample of patients undergoing lumbar disc/stenosis surgery, it appeared that SA reduced the mean EBL, offered shorter mean operative times, mean hospital lengths of stay, and fewer post-operative side effects versus GA.
Отечественный и зарубежный опыт организации образовательного процесса на основе построения индивидуальных образовательных траекторий
Authors: В.В. Гриншкун , А.А. Заславский 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматривается отечественный и зарубежный опыт организации образовательного процесса на базе применения технологий информатизации для построения индивидуальных образовательных траекторий. Представлены результаты анализа организации образовательного процесса во Франции, Америке, Японии, Финляндии, разных регионах России.
The article considers the domestic and foreign experience of organizing the educational process based on the use of information technologies for building individual educational trajectories. The article presents the experience of organizing the educational process based on the construction of individual educational trajectories based on the analysis of the organization of the educational process in France, America, Japan, Finland, and different regions of Russia.
Онлайн-самооценка компетенций: принципы мотивации и государственная политика
Authors: Г.А. Краснова 
Published: October 2024

В статье автор описывает предлагаемые им основные принципы и механизмы мотивации различных субъектов рынка труда к использованию интернет-ресурсов самооценки компетенций.
Online Self-Assessment of Competencies: Principles of Motivation and Public Policy In the article, the author describes the basic principles and mechanisms of motivation of various labor market actors to use Internet resources for self-assessment of competencies.
Особенности обучения технологиям искусственных нейронных сетей в рамках массовых открытых онлайн-курсов
Authors: Д.В. Бордачев 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены особенности обучения технологиям искусственных нейронных сетей в рамках массовых открытых онлайн-курсов. В современных условиях широкую популярность набирают дистанционные формы обучения, позволяющие выбрать обучающемуся те курсы и те программы обучения, которые ему интересны. Рассмотрена классификация системы задач для организации массовых открытых онлайн-курсов по данной тематике.
The article discusses the features of training in artificial neural network technologies as part of massive open online courses. In modern conditions, distance learning forms are gaining wide popularity, allowing you to choose those courses and those training programs that are interesting directly to the student and to which he has a great disposition. The classification of the task system for organizing massive open online courses is considered.
О движении манипулятора
Authors: М.А. Патрин , П.В. Полушкин , И.С. Григорьев 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены некоторые существующие манипуляторы и проводится сравнение их с рукой человека. Также рассматривается построение уровней движения и описаны проблемы программирования движений манипуляторов.
The article considers some existing manipulators and compares them with the human hand. Also, consider the construction of levels of motion and describe the problems of programming the movements of manipulators.
Культура длинных курганов в свете варяжской проблемы
Authors: А.Е. Виноградов 
Published: October 2024

Различные версии этнической принадлежности культуры псковских длинных курганов имеют существенные недостатки, главным из которых является несоответствие археологических концепций письменным источникам. Предлагается объединить решение данной проблемы с другой, имеющей, наоборот, более письменное, чем археологическое, описание, — варяжской. Создателями указанной культуры, возможно, были именно летописные варяги, представления об этнической природе которых, в свою очередь, нуждаются в серьезной корректировке.
Different versions of the ethnicity of the culture of the Pskov long barrows have significant drawbacks, the main one of which is the inconsistency of archaeological concepts with written sources. It is proposed to combine the solution of this problem with another, having, on the contrary, a more written, than archaeological description — Varangian. The creators of this culture may have been precisely the chronicles of the Varangians, whose ideas about the ethnic nature of which, in turn, need serious adjustment.
Межотраслевые связи права социального обеспечения как проявление системности права: общетеоретический и философский подходы
Authors: Ю.Б. Корсаненкова 
Published: October 2024

В данной статье предпринята попытка рассмотреть право социального обеспечения как системную категорию в праве. Применяя системный подход к познанию отрасли, автор рассматривает ее как правовую систему микроуровня, представляющую собой часть правовой системы более высокого уровня — системы права. Последняя же, в свою очередь, может быть рассмотрена как часть системы социального регулирования жизни общества.
This article attempts to consider social security law as a systemic category in law. Using a systematic approach to the knowledge of the industry the author considers this industry as a legal system at the micro level, which is a part of a higher-level legal system i.e. the legal system. The latter, in turn, can be considered as part of the system of social regulation of social life.
Телемедицина в России и за рубежом: к вопросу о правовом регулировании
Authors: А.В. Попова 
Published: October 2024

Автор статьи на основе сравнительно-правового анализа наднационального законодательства в сфере правового регулирования телемедицины, раскрывает права граждан на получение медицинской помощи с телемедицинскими технологиями. В статье делается вывод о необходимости имплементации таких норм и внесения соответствующих изменений в различные нормативные правовые акты Российской Федерации в целях реализации подобных цифровых технологий в системе здравоохранения на всей территории страны.
The author of the article reveals the rights of citizens to receive medical care with telemedicine technologies based on a comparative legal analysis of supranational legislation in the field of telemedicine legal regulation. The article concludes that it is necessary to implement such norms and make appropriate changes to various regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation in order to implement such digital technologies in the health care system throughout the country.
Антитеррористическая функция современного государства: система, критерии и видовая характеристика
Authors: Д.С. Миц 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассмотрены актуальные подходы к вопросам антитеррористического функционирования и реагирования. Поставлен вопрос о характеристиках антитеррористической функции государства.
The article deals with the current conceptual approaches to the antiterrorist functioning, as well as the antiterrorist response. The issue about an anti-terrorist function of the state was raised.
Об интеграции способов собирания и проверки доказательств в теории уголовного процесса
Authors: С.Н. Чурилов 
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются способы собирания и проверки доказательств в ходе уголовного судопроизводства путем осуществления следственных и судебных действий, а также истребования и принятия предметов и документов. Интеграция данных способов в доказывании по уголовному делу обеспечивает надежность собранных доказательств, является важным условием для выводов, отвечающих требованиям достоверности. С учетом этого предлагается новая редакция ч. 1 ст. 86 УПК РФ.
The author considers the methods of collecting and verifying evidence during criminal proceedings by conducting investigative and judicial actions, as well as discovering and accepting objects and documents. The integration of these methods in proving in a criminal case ensures the reliability of the evidence collected is an important condition for conclusions that meet the requirements of reliability. Taking this into account a new edition of part 1 of art. 86 Code of Criminal Procedure is proposed RF.
Договор как основание возникновения образовательных отношений
Authors: О.В. Буглимова 
Published: October 2024

В статье проанализированы договоры, являющиеся частью фактического состава возникновения образовательных отношений, а также их роль в создании комфортной среды для подготовки квалифицированных кадров и реализации государственной политики в сфере образования.
The article gives the analysis of the agreements which are a part of the actual composition of the emergence of educational relations, as well as their role in creating a comfortable environment for training qualified personnel and the implementation of state policy in the field of education.