bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The power of a multivariate approach to genome-wide association studies: an example withDrosophila melanogasterwing shape
Authors: Pitchers William , Nye Jessica , Márquez Eladio J. , Kowalski Alycia , Dworkin Ian , Houle David 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDue to the complexity of genotype-phenotype relationships, simultaneous analyses of genomic associations with multiple traits will be more powerful and more informative than a series of univariate analyses. In most cases, however, studies of genotype-phenotype relationships have analyzed only one trait at a time, even as the rapid advances in molecular tools have expanded our view of the genotype to include whole genomes. Here, we report the results of a fully integrated multivariate genome-wide association analysis of the shape of theDrosophila melanogasterwing in the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel. Genotypic effects on wing shape were highly correlated between two different labs. We found 2,396 significant SNPs using a 5% FDR cutoff in the multivariate analyses, but just 4 significant SNPs in univariate analyses of scores on the first 20 principal component axes. A key advantage of multivariate analysis is that the direction of the estimated phenotypic effect is much more informative than a univariate one. Exploiting this feature, we show that the directions of effects were on average replicable in an unrelated panel of inbred lines. Effects of knockdowns of genes implicated in the initial screen were on average more similar than expected under a null model. Association studies that take a phenomic approach in considering many traits simultaneously are an important complement to the power of genomics. Multivariate analyses of such data are more powerful, more informative, and allow the unbiased study of pleiotropy.
The Rise of the Middle Author: Investigating Collaboration and Division of Labor in Biomedical Research using Partial Alphabetical Authorship
Authors: Mongeon Philippe , Smith Elise , Joyal Bruno , Larivière Vincent 
Published: February 2017

AbstractContemporary biomedical research is performed by increasingly large teams. As a consequence, an increasingly large number of individuals are being listed as authors in the byline of biomedical articles, which complicates the proper attribution of credit and responsibility to individual authors for their work. Typically, more importance is given to the first and last authors of biomedical papers, and the others (the middle authors) are considered to have made smaller contributions. However, we argue that this distinction between first, middle and last authors does not properly reflect the actual division of labor and does not allow a fair allocation of credit among the members of the research teams. In this paper, we use partial alphabetical authorship to divide the authors of all biomedical articles in the Web of Science published over the 1980-2015 period in three groups: primary authors, middle authors, and supervisory authors. We show that alphabetical ordering of middle authors is frequent in biomedical research, and that the prevalence of this practice is positively correlated with the number of authors in the bylines. We also find that, for articles with 7 or more authors, the average proportion of team members in each group is independent of the team size, more than half of the authors being middle authors. This suggests that growth in authors’ lists are not due to an increase in secondary contributions but, rather, in equivalent increases of all types of roles and contributions. Nevertheless, we show that the relative contribution of middle authors to the overall production of knowledge in the biomedical field as increased dramatically over the last 35 years.
A minimal set of internal control genes for gene expression studies in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Palve Vinayak , Pareek Manisha , Krishnan Neeraja M , Siddappa Gangotri , Suresh Amritha , Kuriakose Moni Abraham , Panda Binay 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundSelection of the right reference gene(s) is crucial in the analysis and interpretation of gene expression data. In head and neck cancer, studies evaluating the efficacy of internal reference genes are rare. Here, we present data for a minimal set of candidates as internal control genes for gene expression studies in head and neck cancer.MethodsWe analyzed data from multiple sources (in housewhole-genome gene expression microarrays,n=21; TCGA RNA-seq,n=42, and published gene expression studies in head and neck tumors from literature) to come up with a set of genes (discovery set) for their stable expression across tumor and normal tissues. We then performed independent validation of their expression using qPCR in 14 tumor:normal pairs. Genes in the discovery set were ranked using four different algorithms (BestKeeper, geNorm, NormFinder, and comparative delta Ct) and a web-based comparative tool, RefFinder, for their stability and variance in expression across tissues.ResultsOur analyses resulted in 18 genes (discovery set) that had lowest variance and high level of expression across tumor and normal samples. Independent experimental validation and analyses with multiple tools resulted in top ranked five genes (RPL30, RPL27, PSMC5, OAZ1andMTCH1) out of which,RPL30(60S ribosomal protein L30) andRPL27(60S ribosomal protein L27), performed best and were abundantly expressed across tumor and normal tissues.ConclusionsRPL30andRPL27are stably expressed in HNSCC and should be used as internal control genes in gene expression in head and neck tumors studies.
Biological invasions in rodent communities: from ecological interactions to zoonotic bacterial infection issues
Authors: Diagne Christophe , Galan M. , Tamisier Lucie , d’Ambrosio Jonathan , Dalecky Ambroise , Bâ Khalilou , Kane Mamadou , Niang Youssoupha , Diallo Mamoudou , Sow Aliou , Tatard C. , Loiseau A. , Fossati-Gaschignard O. , Sembène Mbacké , Cosson Jean-François , Charbonnel Nathalie , Brouat Carine 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSeveral hypotheses (such as ‘enemy release’, ‘novel weapon’, ‘spillback’ and ‘dilution/density effect’) suggest changes in host-parasite ecological interactions during biological invasion events. Such changes can impact both invasion process outcome and the dynamics of exotic and/or endemic zoonotic diseases. To evaluate these predictions, we investigated the ongoing invasions of the house mouseMus musculus domesticus, and the black rat,Rattus rattus, in Senegal (West Africa). We focused on zoonotic bacterial communities depicted using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing approach in both invasive and native rodents sampled along two well-defined invasion routes. Overall, this study provided new ecological evidence connecting parasitism and rodent invasion process, with diverse potential roles of zoonotic bacteria in the invasion success. Our results also highlighted the main factors that lie behind bacterial community structure in commensal rodents. Further experimental studies as well as comparative spatio-temporal surveys are necessary to decipher the actual role of zoonotic bacteria in these invasions. Our data also gave new support for the difficulty to predict the direction in which the relationship between biodiversity changes and disease risk could go. These results should be used as a basis for public health prevention services to design reservoir monitoring strategies based on multiple pathogen surveillance.
Synthetic DNA templates for the production ofin situhybridization probes
Authors: Jarvis B. Rodney , Condie Brian G. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGenerating RNA riboprobes forin situhybridization generally requires the use of plasmids, which must be grown in bacteria, isolated, purified, and linearized prior toin vitrotranscription. Here we report a simple method for generating DNA templates for thein vitrotranscription of RNA probes from synthetic DNA (IDT gBlocks). Each synthetic DNA template contains sequences corresponding to the target mRNA flanked by bacteriophage promoters. Amplification of the template by a single round of PCR and subsequentin vitrotranscription results in production of high quality RNA probes forin situhybridization.
An oscillopathic approach to developmental dyslexia: from genes to speech processing
Authors: Jiménez-Bravo Miguel , Marrero Victoria , Benítez-Burraco Antonio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDevelopmental dyslexia is a heterogeneous condition entailing problems with reading and spelling. Several genes have been linked or associated to the disease, many of which contribute to the development and function of brain areas that are important for auditory and phonological processing. Nonetheless, a clear link between genes, the brain, and the symptoms of dyslexia is still pending. The goal of this paper is contributing to bridge this gap. With this aim, we have focused on how the dyslexic brain fails to process speech sounds and reading cues. We have adopted an oscillatory perspective, according to which dyslexia results from a deficient integration of different brain rhythms during reading/spellings tasks. Moreover, we show that some candidates for this condition are related to brain rhythms. This approach should help gain a better understanding of the aetiology and the clinical presentation of developmental dyslexia, but also achieve an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of the disease.
Nanoparticle migration effects at film boiling of nanofluids over a vertical plate
Authors: Malvandi Amir , Heysiattalab Saeed , Ghasemi Amirmahdi , Ganji D.D. , Pop Ioan 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to theoretically investigate the effects of nanoparticle migration on the heat transfer enhancement at film boiling of nanofluids. The modified Buongiorno model is used for modeling the nanofluids to observe the effects of nanoparticle migration.

Design/methodology/approach
The governing partial differential equations including continuity, momentum, energy and nanoparticle continuity are transformed to ordinary ones and solved numerically. For nanoparticle distribution, an analytical expression has been found. The results have been obtained for different parameters, including the Brownian motion to thermophoretic diffusion NBT, saturation nanoparticle volume fraction ϕsat and normal temperature difference.

Findings
A closed-form expression for nanoparticle distribution is obtained, and it is indicated that nanoparticle migration significantly affects the flow fields and thermophysical properties of nanofluids. It was shown that temperature gradient at heated wall grows as the migration of nanoparticles increases, which has positive effects on the heat transfer rate. However, decrement of thermal conductivity at heated wall because of nanoparticle depletion plays a negative role in heat transfer enhancement. In fact, there is a tradeoff between thermal conductivity reduction and an increment in temperature gradient at the wall, which determines the net enhancement/deterioration of the heat transfer rate.

Research limitations/implications
Flow has been assumed to be laminar, and the vapor temperature is constant such that boiling is the only heat transfer mechanism between the liquid-vapor interface. Also, the shear stress at the liquid-vapor interface is assumed to be negligible. The film thickness is small relative to the plate length to justify the boundary layer assumptions. Inertia forces are neglected relative to shear stress forces.

Practical implications
Outcomes of the present study are suitable for several heat exchange purposes such as evaporation and condensation in heat pipes, immersion, microchannel cooling of microelectronics and crystal growth.

Originality/value
The novelty of this paper has three aspects: modeling the film boiling of nanofluids considering the effects of nanoparticle migration; how it influences the cooling performance; and an analytical expression for the nanoparticle distribution at film boiling of nanofluids.
Natural convection in a triangular cavity filled with a micropolar fluid
Authors: Sheremet Mikhail , Grosan Teodor , Pop Ioan 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study steady natural convection flow and heat transfer in a triangular cavity filled with a micropolar fluid.

Design/methodology/approach
It is assumed that the left inclined wall is heated, whereas the other walls are cooled and maintained at constant temperatures. All four walls of the cavity are assumed to be rigid and impermeable. The micropolar fluid is considered to satisfy the Boussinesq approximation. The governing equations and boundary conditions are solved using the finite difference method of the second order accuracy over a wide range of the Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, vortex viscosity parameter and two values of micro-gyration parameter, namely, strong concentration (n = 0) and week concentration (n = 0.5).

Findings
The results are presented in the form of streamlines, isotherms, vorticity contours and variations of average Nusselt number and fluid flow rate depending on the Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, vortex viscosity parameter and micro-gyration parameter. The flow field and temperature distribution in the cavity are affected by these parameters. The heat transfer rate into the cavity is decreasing upon the raise of the vortex viscosity parameter.

Originality/value
This work studies the effects of vortex viscosity parameter and micro-gyration parameter in a triangular cavity filled with a micropolar fluid on the fluid flow and heat transfer. This study might be useful to flows of biological fluids in thin vessels, polymeric suspensions, liquid crystals, slurries, colloidal suspensions, exotic lubricants; for the design of solar collectors, room ventilation systems and electronic cooling systems; and so on.
Investigation on compound field of electrospinning and melt blowing for producing nanofibers
Authors: Meng Kai 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss the combination of electrospinning and melt blowing in theory, which may be a good way to produce nanofibers.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the electrostatic field and the air flow field were numerical simulated and analyzed, the compound field of which was also discussed.

Findings
It is pointed out that the air flow angle will be a key factor to produce nanofibers in the compound process of electrospinning and melt blowing.

Originality/value
The combination of electrostatic force and air drawing force may be a good way to produce nanofibers when the material is high viscosity melt. Air jets with high temperature and high velocity will provide favorable conditions for attenuating the polymer jet. The flow angle of the air jets effect the whole attenuation force exerted to the polymer jet and should be selected properly.
Numerical analyses for improved terminal velocity of deep water torpedo anchor
Authors: Soh Boonping , Pao William , Chen XiaoHui 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This research aims to investigate the effects of manipulation of a torpedo’s geometries to attain higher terminal velocity. The parameters of interest include geometric changes of the original design, as well as sea water properties that reflect water depth in South China Sea.

Design/methodology/approach
The research make use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, FLUENT, to solve viscous incompressible Navier–Stokes equations with two equations k-epsilon turbulent model. The calculated drag coefficient is subsequently used to calculate the maximum attainable terminal velocity of the torpedo.

Findings
It was found that the terminal velocity can be improved by sharper tip angle, greater aspect ratio, greater diameter ratio and optimum rear angle at 30°. Sensitivity of drag coefficient toward each of the parameters is established in this paper.

Originality/value
The paper, in addition to verifying the importance of aspect ratio, has also established the tip angle, diameter ratio and rear angle of the torpedo as important geometric aspects that could be tuned to improve its terminal velocity.
A direct solution of temperature field and physical quantities for the nonlinear porous fin problem
Authors: Turkyilmazoglu Mustafa 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to target the solution of nonlinear porous fin problem. In contrast to the various complicated numerical or analytical approximate procedures existing in the literature used to approximate the temperature field over a porous fin, this study outlines a direct method based on series expansion of the temperature in the vicinity of the mounted surface, eventually requiring no numerical treatment at all to resolve the temperature field.

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a direct method based on series expansion of the temperature in the vicinity of the mounted surface, eventually requiring no numerical treatment at all to resolve the temperature field.

Findings
Explicit closed-form formulae for the fin tip temperature as well as for the heat transfer rate, hence for the fin efficiency, which are functions of the porosity parameter and Biot number, are provided. The thresholds and the convergence regions regarding the physical parameters of the resulting approximations are easy to determine from the residual formula.

Originality/value
The novelty of the method is that the accuracy of the solution is controllable and can be gained up to any significant digit of desire by increasing the number of terms in the series solution.
A new approximate analytical technique for dual solutions of nonlinear differential equations arising in mixed convection heat transfer in a porous medium
Authors: Abbasbandy S. , Shivanian Elyas , Vajravelu K. , Kumar Sunil 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a new approximate analytical procedure to obtain dual solutions of nonlinear differential equations arising in mixed convection flow in a semi-infinite domain. This method, which is based on Padé-approximation and homotopy–Padé technique, is applied to a model of magnetohydrodynamic Falkner–Skan flow as well. These examples indicate that the method can be successfully applied to solve nonlinear differential equations arising in science and engineering.Design/methodology/approachHomotopy–Padé method.FindingsThe main focus of the paper is on the prediction of the multiplicity of the solutions, however we have calculated multiple (dual) solutions of the model problem namely, mixed convection heat transfer in a porous medium.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors conjecture here that the combination of traditional–Pade and Hankel–Pade generates a useful procedure to predict multiple solutions and to calculate prescribed parameter with acceptable accuracy as well. Validation of this conjecture for other further examples is a challenging research opportunity.Social implicationsDual solutions of nonlinear differential equations arising in mixed convection flow in a semi-infinite domain.Originality/valueIn this study, the authors are using two modified methods.
Linking satisfaction to credit card decisions: an application of the Wallet Allocation Rule
Authors: Aksoy Lerzan , Keiningham Timothy L. , Buoye Alexander , Ball Joan 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to identify the key drivers of share of wallet for credit cards issued by either a credit union (CU) or bank using a Wallet Allocation Rule (WAR) framework.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey approach engaging 1,649 current CU members at nine CUs regarding their use of 3,487 different credit cards is employed. Binary logistic regression is used to discriminate when CU issued vs bank issued credit cards are perceived to be “best” by their owners.

Findings
This research indicates the key drivers differ significantly when CU members prefer a CU-issued credit card vs a bank-issued credit card. For example, CU-issued credit cards are attractive to some CU members because of prior relationships with the CU and offering lower interest rates on revolving balances. By contrast, customers who choose a bank-issued credit card are much more likely to be driven by the rewards offered on the card.

Practical implications
Using the WAR key driver approach, managers can identify differentiating attributes that influence customers’ perceptions of their rank vis-à-vis competition and thereby grow share.

Originality/value
This research provides a significant contribution to both the banking literature and the scientific literature by examining the robustness of a relative metrics approach within the retail banking and CU market. It represents the first empirical analysis of a WAR key driver approach in the scientific literature.
Efficiency of Qatari banking industry: an empirical investigation
Authors: Abdul-Wahab Abdul-Hamid , Haron Razali 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the efficiency of the banking sector in Qatar. The paper utilizes 15 banks comprising Islamic, conventional and foreign banks for the duration of 2007 to 2011.Design/methodology/approachData envelopment analysis (DEA) technique is applied to compute technical efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Also, Malmquist productivity index (MPI) is used to identify the sources of productive efficiencies of the banks.FindingsThe results suggest that Qatari banks are operating below optimum performance and thus there is still room for improvement. While conventional banks are the most efficient in Qatar in terms of technical and pure technical efficiencies, Islamic banks are most efficient in terms of scale efficiency. Besides, pure technical inefficiency dominated scale inefficiency in the Qatari banking sector. Moreover, as compared to the Islamic banks, conventional and foreign banks recorded a reduction in average technical efficiency during the duration of the 2008/2009 global financial crisis. In terms of productivity progress, all the Qatari banks were experiencing a decline in productivity mainly attributed to less technological innovation in the banking sector of Qatar.Research limitations/implicationsMost of the banks in Qatar do not have published data before 2007 and after 2011.Practical implicationsThere is less technological innovation in the banking sector of Qatar. Hence, bank managers in Qatar should focus on educating customers about modern banking technologies and other innovative banking services in Qatar.Originality/valueThis study is a pioneering effort in the application of DEA and MPI to study about the banking sector in Qatar.