bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cooperation of Wnt/β-catenin and Dll1-mediated Notch pathway in Lgr5-positive intestinal stem cells regulates the mucosal injury and repair in DSS-induced colitis mice model
Authors: Ou Weijun , Xu Weimin , Wang Yaosheng , Hua Zhebin , Ding Wenjun , Cui Long , Du Peng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Lgr5-positive cells located in the basal layer of crypts have self-regenerative and proliferative differentiation potentials of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), maintaining a balance of regeneration–repair in mucosal epithelium. However, the mechanisms of mucosal repair that are regulated by ISCs in ulcerative colitis (UC) remain unclear.

Method
Colon tissues from patients with UC were collected to test β-catenin and Notch1 expression by using Western blot and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). β-cateninfl/fl mice, β-cateninTg mice, and Dll1tm1 Gos mice were used to cross with Lgr5-EGFP-IRES-creERT2 mice to generate mice of different genotypes, altering the activation of Wnt/β-catenin and Dll1-mediated Notch signaling in ISCs in vivo. Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) was used to induce a colitis mice model. Intestinal organoids were isolated and cultured to observe the proliferation and differentiation levels of ISCs.

Result
β-catenin and Notch1 expression were significantly increased in the inflamed colon tissues from patients with UC. Wnt/β-catenin activation and Dll1-mediated Notch pathway inhibition in Lgr5-positive stem cells promoted the expressions of E-cadherin, CK20, and CHGA in colonic organoids and epithelium, implying the promotion of colonic epithelial integrity. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin and suppression of Dll1-mediated Notch pathway in Lgr5-positive ISCs alleviated the DSS-induced intestinal mucosal inflammation in mice.

Conclusions
Lgr5-positive ISCs are characterized by self-renewal and high dividend potential, which play an important role in the injury and repair of intestinal mucosa. More importantly, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway cooperates with the Notch signaling pathway to maintain the function of the Lgr5-positive ISCs.
A chromosome-level genome assembly for the eastern fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus), a reptile model for physiological and evolutionary ecology
Authors: Westfall Aundrea K , Telemeco Rory S , Grizante Mariana B , Waits Damien S , Clark Amanda D , Simpson Dasia Y , Klabacka Randy L , Sullivan Alexis P , Perry George H , Sears Michael W , Cox Christian L , Cox Robert M , Gifford Matthew E , John-Alder Henry B , Langkilde Tracy , Angilletta Michael J , Leaché Adam D , Tollis Marc , Kusumi Kenro , Schwartz Tonia S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
High-quality genomic resources facilitate investigations into behavioral ecology, morphological and physiological adaptations, and the evolution of genomic architecture. Lizards in the genus Sceloporus have a long history as important ecological, evolutionary, and physiological models, making them a valuable target for the development of genomic resources.

Findings
We present a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome assembly, SceUnd1.0 (using 10X Genomics Chromium, HiC, and Pacific Biosciences data), and tissue/developmental stage transcriptomes for the eastern fence lizard, Sceloporus undulatus. We performed synteny analysis with other snake and lizard assemblies to identify broad patterns of chromosome evolution including the fusion of micro- and macrochromosomes. We also used this new assembly to provide improved reference-based genome assemblies for 34 additional Sceloporus species. Finally, we used RNAseq and whole-genome resequencing data to compare 3 assemblies, each representing an increased level of cost and effort: Supernova Assembly with data from 10X Genomics Chromium, HiRise Assembly that added data from HiC, and PBJelly Assembly that added data from Pacific Biosciences sequencing. We found that the Supernova Assembly contained the full genome and was a suitable reference for RNAseq and single-nucleotide polymorphism calling, but the chromosome-level scaffolds provided by the addition of HiC data allowed synteny and whole-genome association mapping analyses. The subsequent addition of PacBio data doubled the contig N50 but provided negligible gains in scaffold length.

Conclusions
These new genomic resources provide valuable tools for advanced molecular analysis of an organism that has become a model in physiology and evolutionary ecology.
Comments of the GRUR Committee for Design Law on the Request for a Preliminary Ruling in Case C-211/24 – LEGO A/S v. Pozitív Energiaforrás Kft
Authors: Hartwig Henning , Nilgen Oliver 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The German Association for Intellectual Property Law (hereinafter the ‘GRUR Association’), established in 1891, is a recognized non-profit scientific association of members of all professional groups and organizations active in the field of intellectual property law; these are, in particular, academics, judges, civil servants, lawyers, patent attorneys and representatives of associations and companies. The GRUR Committee for Design Law (hereinafter the ‘GRUR Committee’) has been established to determine the positions of the GRUR Association and is made up of design law experts from academia, the judiciary, the legal profession and industry. No member of the GRUR Association or the GRUR Committee who participated in or was involved in the proceedings prior to the request for a preliminary ruling participated in the present comments. The same is true for any member who is a party or participant in the proceedings. Participation in comments is reserved exclusively to members of the GRUR Association.
Medigap-guaranteed issue associated with Medicare Advantage disenrollment for beneficiaries administered a part B drug
Authors: Liu Angela , Pittman David , Anderson Gerard , Xu Jianhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While many Medicare beneficiaries are enrolling in Medicare Advantage (MA), some beneficiaries may want to return to traditional Medicare and purchase Medigap, especially beneficiaries who have greater medical needs. Beyond minimal federal regulations, states impose additional regulations that impact Medigap affordability. Beneficiaries in some states have greater difficulty obtaining Medigap coverage because the states where they live allow Medigap insurers to experience rate the beneficiary, which can make Medigap insurance prohibitively expensive. We examined beneficiaries who received physician-administered drugs, which can be expensive and subject to high cost sharing, to see if disenrollment from MA for these beneficiaries was greater in states with Medigap consumer protection policy levels. In 2020, we find a 1.0% average baseline average probability of MA disenrollment. For beneficiaries who received a physician-administered drug in our sample, the probability of MA disenrollment is 3.7 (95% CI, 2.6-4.8; P &lt; .001) percentage points higher in Medigap-guaranteed issue states compared with states with no protections. We find a greater association between MA disenrollment and Medigap protection policies with higher cost drugs. These findings suggest that beneficiaries who receive a high-volume and high-spending physician-administered drug are more likely to disenroll from MA back to traditional Medicare when Medigap is more affordable.
Density of the Free Additive Convolution of Multi-cut Measures
Authors: Moreillon Philippe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider the free additive convolution semigroup $\lbrace \mu ^{\boxplus t}:\,t\ge 1\rbrace $ and determine the local behavior of the density of $\mu ^{\boxplus t}$ at the endpoints and at any singular point of its support. We then study the free additive convolution of two multi-cut probability measures and show that its density decays either as a square root or as a cubic root at any endpoint of its support. The probability measures considered in this paper satisfy a power law behavior with exponents strictly between $-1$ and $1$ at the endpoints of their supports.
Identifying and quantifying the contribution of maize plant traits to nitrogen uptake and use through plant modelling
Authors: Lu Jie , Stomph Tjeerd Jan , Mi Guohua , Yuan Lixing , Evers Jochem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Breeding for high nitrogen-use efficient crops can contribute to maintaining or even increasing yield with less nitrogen. Nitrogen use is co-determined by N uptake and physiological use efficiency (PE, biomass per unit of N taken up), to which soil processes as well as plant architectural, physiological and developmental traits contribute. The relative contribution of these crop traits to N use is not well known but relevant to identify breeding targets in important crop species like maize. To quantify the contribution of component plant traits to maize N uptake and use, we used a functional-structural plant model. We evaluated the effect of varying both shoot and root traits on crop N uptake across a range of nitrogen levels. Root architectural traits were found to play a more important role in root N uptake than physiological traits. Phyllochron determined the structure of the shoot through changes in source: sink ratio over time which, in interaction with light and temperature, resulted in a significant effect on PE and N uptake. Photosynthesis traits were more relevant to biomass accumulation rather than yield, especially under high nitrogen conditions. The traits identified in this study are potential targets in maize breeding for improved crop N uptake and use.
Introduction into natural environments shifts the gut microbiome of captivity-raised filter-feeding bivalves
Authors: Vaughn Stephanie N , Hopper Garrett W , González Irene Sánchez , Bucholz Jamie R , Garrick Ryan C , Lozier Jeffrey D , Johnson Paul D , Atkinson Carla L , Jackson Colin R 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The gut microbiome is influenced by host species and the environment, but how the environment influences the microbiome of animals introduced into a new ecosystem has rarely been investigated. Freshwater mussels are aquatic fauna, with some threatened or endangered species propagated in hatcheries and introduced into natural systems as part of conservation efforts. The effects of the environment on the freshwater mussel gut microbiome were assessed for two hatchery-propagated species (Lampsilis ovata, Lampsilis ornata) introduced into rivers within their natural range. Mussels were placed in rivers for 8 weeks, after which one subset was collected, another subset remained in that river, and a third subset was reciprocally transplanted to another river in the same river basin for a further 8 weeks. Gut microbiome composition and diversity were characterized for all mussels. After the initial 8 weeks, mussels showed increased gut bacterial species richness and distinct community composition compared to hatchery mussels, but gut microbiome diversity then decreased for mussels that remained in the same river for all 16 weeks. The gut bacterial community of mussels transplanted between rivers shifted to resemble that of mussels placed initially into the recipient river and that remained there for the whole study. All mussels showed high proportions of Firmicutes in their gut microbiome after 8 weeks, suggesting an essential role of this phylum in the gut of Lampsilis species. These findings show that the mussel gut microbiome shifts in response to new environments and provide insights into conservation strategies that involve species reintroductions.
Quantifying interstellar extinction at high Galactic latitudes
Authors: O’Callaghan Matthew , Gilmore Gerry , Mandel Kaisey S 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
A detailed map of the distribution of dust at high Galactic latitudes is essential for future cosmic microwave background polarization experiments because the dust, while diffuse, remains a significant foreground in these regions. We develop a Bayesian model to identify a region of the Hertzsprung–Russell (HR) diagram suited to constrain the single-star extinction accurately at high Galactic latitudes. Using photometry from Gaia, 2MASS (Two Micron All-Sky Survey), and AllWISE, and parallax from Gaia, we employ nested sampling to fit the model to the data and analyse the posterior over stellar parameters for both synthetic and real data. Charting low variations in extinction is complex due to systematic errors and degeneracies between extinction and other stellar parameters. The systematic errors can be minimized by restricting our data to a region of the HR diagram where the stellar models are most accurate. Moreover, the degeneracies can be reduced by including astrophysical priors and spectroscopic constraints. We show that accounting for the measurement error of the data and the assumed inaccuracies of the stellar models are critical in accurately recovering small variations in extinction. We compare the posterior distribution for individual stars with spectroscopic stellar parameter estimates from the LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) and Gaia ESO and illustrate the importance of estimating extinction and effective temperature as a joint solution.
Improving DM estimates using low-frequency scatter-broadening estimates
Authors: Singha Jaikhomba , Joshi Bhal Chandra , Krishnakumar M A , Kareem Fazal , Bathula Adarsh , Dwivedi Churchil , Jacob Shebin Jose , Desai Shantanu , Tarafdar Pratik , Arumugam P , Arumugam Swetha , Bagchi Manjari , Batra Neelam Dhanda , Dandapat Subhajit , Deb Debabrata , Debnath Jyotijwal , Gopakumar A , Gupta Yashwant , Hisano Shinnosuke , Kato Ryo , Kikunaga Tomonosuke , Marmat Piyush , Nobleson K , Paladi Avinash K , B. Arul Pandian , Prabu Thiagaraj , Rana Prerna , Srivastava Aman , Surnis Mayuresh , Susobhanan Abhimanyu , Takahashi Keitaro 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
A pulsar’s pulse profile gets broadened at low frequencies due to dispersion along the line of sight or due to multipath propagation. The dynamic nature of the interstellar medium makes both of these effects time-dependent and introduces slowly varying time delays in the measured times-of-arrival similar to those introduced by passing gravitational waves. In this article, we present an improved method to correct for such delays by obtaining unbiased dispersion measure (DM) measurements by using low-frequency estimates of the scattering parameters. We evaluate this method by comparing the obtained DM estimates with those, where scatter-broadening is ignored using simulated data. A bias is seen in the estimated DMs for simulated data with pulse-broadening with a larger variability for a data set with a variable frequency scaling index, $\alpha$, as compared to that assuming a Kolmogorov turbulence. Application of the proposed method removes this bias robustly for data with band averaged signal-to-noise ratio larger than 100. We report the measurements of the scatter-broadening time and $\alpha$ from analysis of PSR J1643$-$1224, observed with upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope as part of the Indian Pulsar Timing Array experiment. These scattering parameters were found to vary with epoch and $\alpha$ was different from that expected for Kolmogorov turbulence. Finally, we present the DM time-series after application of this technique to PSR J1643$-$1224.
Enhanced extra mixing in low-mass stars approaching the RGB tip and the problem of Li-rich red-clump stars
Authors: Denissenkov Pavel A , Blouin Simon , Herwig Falk , Stott Jacob , Woodward Paul R 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
A few per cent of red giants are enriched in lithium with $A(\mathrm{Li}) \gt 1.5$. Their evolutionary status has remained uncertain because these Li-rich giants can be placed both on the red giant branch (RGB) near the bump luminosity and in the red clump (RC) region. However, thanks to asteroseismology, it has been found that most of them are actually RC stars. Starting at the bump luminosity, RGB progenitors of the RC stars experience extra mixing in the radiative zone separating the H-burning shell from the convective envelope followed by a series of convective He-shell flashes at the RGB tip, known as the He-core flash. The He-core flash was proposed to cause fast extra mixing in the stars at the RGB tip that is needed for the Cameron–Fowler mechanism to produce Li. We propose that the RGB stars are getting enriched in Li by the RGB extra mixing that is getting enhanced and begins to produce Li, instead of destroying it, when the stars are approaching the RGB tip. After a discussion of several mechanisms of the RGB extra mixing, including the joint operation of rotation-driven meridional circulation and turbulent diffusion, the azimuthal magnetorotational instability (AMRI), thermohaline convection, buoyancy of magnetic flux tubes, and internal gravity waves, and based on results of (magneto-) hydrodynamics simulations and asteroseismology observations, we are inclined to conclude that it is the mechanism of the AMRI or magnetically enhanced thermohaline convection, that is most likely to support our hypothesis.
apostle–auriga: effects of stellar feedback subgrid models on the evolution of angular momentum in disc galaxies
Authors: Yang Hang , Liao Shihong , Fattahi Azadeh , Frenk Carlos S , Gao Liang , Guo Qi , Shao Shi , Wang Lan , Wright Ruby J , Zeng Guangquan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Utilizing the apostle–auriga simulations, which start from the same zoom-in initial conditions of Local Group-like systems, but run with different galaxy formation subgrid models and hydrodynamic solvers, we study the impact of stellar feedback models on the evolution of angular momentum in disc galaxies. At $z = 0$, auriga disc galaxies tend to exhibit higher specific angular momenta compared to their cross-matched apostle counterparts. By tracing the evolution history of the Lagrangian mass tracers of the in-situ star particles in the $z = 0$ galaxies, we find that the specific angular momentum distributions of the gas tracers from the two simulations at the halo accretion time are relatively similar. The present-day angular momentum difference is mainly driven by the physical processes occurring inside dark matter haloes, especially galactic fountains. Due to the different subgrid implementations of stellar feedback processes, auriga galaxies contain a high fraction of gas that has gone through recycled fountain (${\sim } 65$ per cent) which could acquire angular momentum through mixing with the high angular momentum circumgalactic medium (CGM). In apostle, however, the fraction of gas that has undergone the recycled fountain process is significantly lower (down to ${\sim } 20$ per cent for Milky Way-sized galaxies) and the angular momentum acquisition from the CGM is marginal. As a result, the present-day auriga galaxies overall have higher specific angular momenta.
Constraining accreted neutron star crust shallow heating with the inferred depth of carbon ignition in X-ray superbursts
Authors: Meisel Zach 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Evidence has accumulated for an as-yet unaccounted for source of heat located at shallow depths within the accreted neutron star crust. However, the nature of this heat source is unknown. I demonstrate that the inferred depth of carbon ignition in X-ray superbursts can be used as an additional constraint for the magnitude and depth of shallow heating. The inferred shallow heating properties are relatively insensitive to the assumed crust composition and carbon fusion reaction rate. For low-accretion rates, the results are weakly dependent on the duration of the accretion outburst, so long as accretion has ensued for enough time to replace the ocean down to the superburst ignition depth. For accretion rates at the Eddington rate, results show a stronger dependence on the outburst duration. Consistent with earlier work, it is shown that urca cooling does not impact the calculated superburst ignition depth unless there is some proximity in depth between the heating and cooling sources.
Anaphylaxis and prolonged allergic reactions caused by intra-articular injection of diclofenac etalhyaluronate in knee osteoarthritis: A case report
Authors: Takeshige Tomohito , Koyama Ryo , Hotchi Yuta , Kawai Kenji , Kohmaru Makiko , Akimoto Takashi , Watanabe Junko , Yae Toshifumi , Kido Kenji , Sugita Manabu , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common condition. The treatment of knee OA aims to improve the quality of life and clinical symptoms, mainly knee pain. To develop a new treatment option, diclofenac etalhyaluronate (ONO-5704/SI-613; trade name: JOYCLU) was developed. Its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving effects have been demonstrated. Conversely, adverse events have also been reported. Here, we report the case of a 71-year-old female who presented with anaphylaxis and prolonged allergic reactions after an intra-articular injection of JOYCLU. A basophil activation test (BAT) was performed to determine the cause of the anaphylaxis. BAT showed no positive findings. As the incidence of knee OA increases, the number of cases of JOYCLU use is expected to grow; therefore, careful administration is required. In this case, the cause was unknown by BAT. Thus, further development of appropriate testing methods is necessary. Intra-articular allergic reactions in knee OA may be modified and worsened besides normal allergic reactions; therefore, caution is required.
Network-based modelling reveals cell-type enriched patterns of non-coding RNA regulation during human skeletal muscle remodelling
Authors: Mcleod Jonathan C , Lim Changhyun , Stokes Tanner , Sharif Jalil-Ahmad , Zeynalli Vagif , Wiens Lucas , D’Souza Alysha C , Colenso-Semple Lauren , McKendry James , Morton Robert W , Mitchell Cameron J , Oikawa Sara Y , Wahlestedt Claes , Chapple J Paul , McGlory Chris , Timmons James A , Phillips Stuart M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A majority of human genes produce non-protein-coding RNA (ncRNA), and some have roles in development and disease. Neither ncRNA nor human skeletal muscle is ideally studied using short-read sequencing, so we used a customized RNA pipeline and network modelling to study cell-type specific ncRNA responses during muscle growth at scale. We completed five human resistance-training studies (n = 144 subjects), identifying 61% who successfully accrued muscle-mass. We produced 288 transcriptome-wide profiles and found 110 ncRNAs linked to muscle growth in vivo, while a transcriptome-driven network model demonstrated interactions via a number of discrete functional pathways and single-cell types. This analysis included established hypertrophy-related ncRNAs, including CYTOR—which was leukocyte-associated (false discovery rate [FDR] = 4.9 × 10−7). Novel hypertrophy-linked ncRNAs included PPP1CB-DT (myofibril assembly genes, FDR = 8.15 × 10−8), and EEF1A1P24 and TMSB4XP8 (vascular remodelling and angiogenesis genes, FDR = 2.77 × 10−5). We also discovered that hypertrophy lncRNA MYREM shows a specific myonuclear expression pattern in vivo. Our multi-layered analyses established that single-cell-associated ncRNA are identifiable from bulk muscle transcriptomic data and that hypertrophy-linked ncRNA genes mediate their association with muscle growth via multiple cell types and a set of interacting pathways.