bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Model predictive and linear quadratic Gaussian control of a wind turbine
Authors: Hur S. , Leithead W. E. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryModel Predictive and linear quadratic Gaussian controllers are designed for a 5MW variable‐speed pitch‐regulated wind turbine for three operating points – below rated wind speed, just above rated wind speed, and above rated wind speed. The controllers are designed based on two different linear dynamic models (at each operating point) of the same wind turbine to study the effect of utilising different control design models (i.e. the model used for designing a model‐based controller) on the control performance. The performance of the LQG controller is enhanced by improving the robustness, achieved by replacing the Kalman filter with a modified Luenberger observer, whose gain is obtained to minimise the effect of uncertainty and disturbance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
DNA Methylation Adds Prognostic Value to Minimal Residual Disease Status in Pediatric T‐Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Authors: Borssén Magnus , Haider Zahra , Landfors Mattias , Norén‐Nyström Ulrika , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Åsberg Ann E. , Kanerva Jukka , Madsen Hans O. , Marquart Hanne , Heyman Mats , Hultdin Magnus , Roos Göran , Forestier Erik , Degerman Sofie 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundDespite increased knowledge about genetic aberrations in pediatric T‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T‐ALL), no clinically feasible treatment‐stratifying marker exists at diagnosis. Instead patients are enrolled in intensive induction therapies with substantial side effects. In modern protocols, therapy response is monitored by minimal residual disease (MRD) analysis and used for postinduction risk group stratification. DNA methylation profiling is a candidate for subtype discrimination at diagnosis and we investigated its role as a prognostic marker in pediatric T‐ALL.ProcedureSixty‐five diagnostic T‐ALL samples from Nordic pediatric patients treated according to the Nordic Society of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology ALL 2008 (NOPHO ALL 2008) protocol were analyzed by HumMeth450K genome wide DNA methylation arrays. Methylation status was analyzed in relation to clinical data and early T‐cell precursor (ETP) phenotype.ResultsTwo distinct CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) groups were identified. Patients with a CIMP‐negative profile had an inferior response to treatment compared to CIMP‐positive patients (3‐year cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR3y) rate: 29% vs. 6%, P = 0.01). Most importantly, CIMP classification at diagnosis allowed subgrouping of high‐risk T‐ALL patients (MRD ≥0.1% at day 29) into two groups with significant differences in outcome (CIR3y rates: CIMP negative 50% vs. CIMP positive 12%; P = 0.02). These groups did not differ regarding ETP phenotype, but the CIMP‐negative group was younger (P = 0.02) and had higher white blood cell count at diagnosis (P = 0.004) compared with the CIMP‐positive group.ConclusionsCIMP classification at diagnosis in combination with MRD during induction therapy is a strong candidate for further risk classification and could confer important information in treatment decision making.
Prevalence of Metastasis at Diagnosis of Osteosarcoma: An International Comparison
Authors: Marko Tracy A. , Diessner Brandon J. , Spector Logan G. 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in many countries, with metastatic disease responsible for most patient deaths. This study compares the prevalence of metastatic OS at diagnosis across countries to inform the critical question of whether diagnostic delay or tumor biology drives metastases development prior to diagnosis.ProcedureA literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to compare the prevalence of metastatic disease at the time of OS diagnosis between countries. A pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals was calculated for each study meeting inclusion criteria. Studies were grouped for analysis based on human development index (HDI) scores.ResultsOur analysis found an 18% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 15%, 20%) average global pooled proportion of metastasis at OS diagnosis. The average prevalence of metastasis at diagnosis increased as HDI groupings decreased, with very high HDI, high HDI, and medium/low HDI groups found to be 15% (95% CI: 13%, 17%), 20% (95% CI: 14%, 28%), and 31% (95% CI: 15%, 52%), respectively.ConclusionsOur evidence suggests there is a biological baseline for metastatic OS at diagnosis, which is observed in countries with very high HDI. In countries with medium/low HDI, where there are more barriers to accessing healthcare, the higher prevalence of metastasis may result from treatment delay or an artificial prevalence inflation due to patients with less severe symptoms not presenting to clinic. Additional research in countries with medium/low HDI may reveal that earlier detection and treatment could improve patient outcomes in those countries.
Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Hexathiometadiphosphate Cu2P2S6
Authors: Kuhn Alexander , Schoop Leslie M. , Eger Roland , Lotsch Bettina V. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCopper hexathiometadiphosphate, Cu2P2S6, was synthesized and characterized. Brick‐red copper hexathiometadiphosphate Cu2P2S6 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P42/mnm (no. 136) with a = b = 5.2565(7), c = 15.066(3) Å and V = 416.3(1) Å3 in a novel structure type. This is the first hexathiometadiphosphate, whose crystal structure is based on a slightly distorted cubic closest packing of sulfur atoms. 1/3 of the tetrahedral voids are occupied by Cu and P in an ordered fashion, thus resulting in a layered structure. The structural motif of layers composed of corner‐sharing CuS4 tetrahedra (comparable to red HgI2) that are separated by [P2S6]2– anions orientated perpendicular to these layers, is rarely found in solid state chemistry. The compound is diamagnetic and shows negligible electronic conductivity. Electronic structure calculations and UV/Vis measurements point to a bandgap in the visible range and explain the red color of the compound. Additionally, the oxidation state +1 for Cu was confirmed by the electronic structure calculations. The thermal properties of Cu2P2S6 were investigated by DTA.
Is enhancing cGMP-PKG signalling a promising therapeutic target for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?
Authors: Kovács Á. , Alogna A. , Post H. , Hamdani N. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, i.e. HFpEF, is highly prevalent in ageing populations, accounting for more than 50 % of all cases of heart failure in Western societies, and is closely associated with comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes and arterial hypertension. However, all large multicentre trials of potential HFpEF treatments conducted to date have failed to produce positive outcomes. These disappointing results suggest that a ‘one size fits all’ strategy may be ill-suited to HFpEF and support the use of tailored, personalised therapeutic approaches with specific treatments designed for specific comorbidity-related HFpEF phenotypes. The accumulation of a multitude of cardiovascular comorbidities over time leads to increased systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and coronary microvascular endothelial inflammation, eventually resulting in degradation of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) via multiple pathways, thereby reducing protein kinase G (PKG) activity. The importance of cGMP-PKG pathway modulation is supported by growing evidence that suggests that this pathway may be a promising therapeutic target, evidence that is mainly based on its role in the phosphorylation of the giant cytoskeletal protein titin. This review will focus on the preclinical and early clinical evidence in the field of cGMP-enhancing therapies and PKG activation.
HORTICULTURAL GROWERS’ WILLINGNESS TO ADOPT RECYCLING OF IRRIGATION WATER
Authors: CULTICE ALYSSA , BOSCH DARRELL J. , PEASE JAMES W. , BOYLE KEVIN J. , XU WEIBIN 
Published: February 2016

AbstractRecycling irrigation water can provide water during periods of drought for horticulture operations and can reduce nonpoint-source pollution, but water recycling increases production costs and can increase risk of disease infestation from waterborne pathogens such as Pythium and Phytophthora. This study of water recycling adoption by horticultural growers in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania finds that the potential for increased disease infestation would reduce growers’ probability of adopting water recycling. Widespread adoption of recycling irrigation water would require government incentives or coercion or growers’ ability to pass cost increases on to customers.
Infectious Disease Information Collection System at the Scene of Disaster Relief Based on a Personal Digital Assistant
Authors: Li Ya-Pin , Gao Hong-Wei , Fan Hao-Jun , Wei Wei , Xu Bo , Dong Wen-Long , Li Qing-Feng , Song Wen-Jing , Hou Shi-Ke 
Published: February 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this study was to build a database to collect infectious disease information at the scene of a disaster through the use of 128 epidemiological questionnaires and 47 types of options, with rapid acquisition of information regarding infectious disease and rapid questionnaire customization at the scene of disaster relief by use of a personal digital assistant (PDA).MethodsSQL Server 2005 (Microsoft Corp, Redmond, WA) was used to create the option database for the infectious disease investigation, to develop a client application for the PDA, and to deploy the application on the server side. The users accessed the server for data collection and questionnaire customization with the PDA.ResultsA database with a set of comprehensive options was created and an application system was developed for the Android operating system (Google Inc, Mountain View, CA). On this basis, an infectious disease information collection system was built for use at the scene of disaster relief. The creation of an infectious disease information collection system and rapid questionnaire customization through the use of a PDA was achieved.ConclusionsThis system integrated computer technology and mobile communication technology to develop an infectious disease information collection system and to allow for rapid questionnaire customization at the scene of disaster relief. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:668–673)
Aberrant intrinsic functional connectivity within and between corticostriatal and temporal–parietal networks in adults and youth with bipolar disorder
Authors: Stoddard J. , Gotts S. J. , Brotman M. A. , Lever S. , Hsu D. , Zarate C. , Ernst M. , Pine D. S. , Leibenluft E. 
Published: February 2016

BackgroundMajor questions remain regarding the dysfunctional neural circuitry underlying the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD) in both youths and adults. In both age groups, studies implicate abnormal intrinsic functional connectivity among prefrontal, limbic and striatal areas.MethodWe collected resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from youths and adults (ages 10–50 years) with BD (n= 39) and healthy volunteers (HV;n= 78). We identified brain regions with aberrant intrinsic functional connectivity in BD by first comparing voxel-wise mean global connectivity and then conducting correlation analyses. We used k-means clustering and multidimensional scaling to organize all detected regions into networks.ResultsAcross the brain, we detected areas of dysconnectivity in both youths and adults with BD relative to HV. There were no significant age-group × diagnosis interactions. When organized by interregional connectivity, the areas of dysconnectivity in patients with BD comprised two networks: one of temporal and parietal areas involved in late stages of visual processing, and one of corticostriatal areas involved in attention, cognitive control and response generation.ConclusionsThese data suggest that two networks show abnormal intrinsic functional connectivity in BD. Regions in these networks have been implicated previously in BD. We observed similar dysconnectivity in youths and adults with BD. These findings provide guidance for refining models of network-based dysfunction in BD.
Sensitive periods and language in cochlear implant users
Authors: MORENO-TORRES IGNACIO , MADRID-CÁNOVAS SONIA , BLANCO-MONTAÑEZ GEMA 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis study explores the hypothesis that the existence of a short sensitive period for lower-level speech perception/articulation skills, and a long one for higher-level language skills, may partly explain the language outcomes of children with cochlear implants (CIs). The participants were fourteen children fitted with a CI before their second birthday. Data about their language skills and the environmental conditions (e.g. Family Involvement in rehabilitation) were obtained over a period of three years. Age at implantation correlated exclusively with the ratio of errors of place of articulation, a phonological feature for which CIs provide insufficient information. The degree of Family Involvement was significantly correlated with the remaining language measures. We conclude that small plasticity reductions affecting lower-level skills may partly explain the difficulties of some CI users in developing language.
Predicting the development of interrogative forms and functions in early years: a corpus-based study of Mandarin-speaking young children
Authors: LI HUI , JING MENGGUO , WONG EILEEN CHIN MEI 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis study examined the development of and possible predictors of interrogative forms and functions in early childhood Mandarin. All the interrogatives drawn from the Early Child Mandarin Corpus (168 children 2;6, 3;6, 4;6, and 5;6) were analyzed. The main results indicated that (i) there were significant age effects in interrogative forms and functions, with the periods between the ages of 3;6 and 4;6 and between the ages of 2;6 and 3;6 being critical in the early acquisition of interrogative forms and functions, respectively; (ii) the form–function preference was verified, with wh-questions being primarily used to seek information (RfI), and intonation/echo and rhetorical questions being used to request action (RfA); (iii) more than half (59·5%) of the Mandarin interrogatives were used for RfI, whereas only 38·9% of them were used for RfA; and (iv) age, TV viewing time, and parent–child conversation time were the significant predictors of interrogative development.
Teacher Training for Special Education in Singapore
Authors: Chalmers Jennifer B. 
Published: February 2016

In this paper, my objective is to discuss how both macro and micro level influences have operated in Singapore to achieve over a remarkably short period of time a much improved national provision for special educational needs and training for special needs teachers in both special schools and regular schools.In the 25 years since Singapore gained independence, this newly industrialising nation without natural resources, has placed a priority on training and developing a well-educated, skilled work force. In order to avoid human wastage there has been an emphasis on establishing a quality education system available to all who are willing to learn, and in which recognition has largely been related to academic achievement.
Behaviour State: Exploring Issues in Best Practice for Students with the Most Severe and Multiple Disabilities
Authors: Arthur Michael , Hook Julie , Butterfield Nancy 
Published: February 2016

Behaviour state appears to be a powerful variable in students who experience the most severe and multiple disabilities, impacting upon the effectiveness of educational interventions and ultimately the quality of life experienced by individuals with such high support needs.Most recently, research attention has been paid to the many qualitative dimensions of behaviour state and although at an early stage, such studies have allowed for the delineation of important influencing factors in state change as well as serving to stimulate many new avenues for further research.This discussion paper will examine, albeit tentatively, the implications of current research in this area with respect to best practice, including aspects of curriculum design and professional development. How effectively does a functional curriculum articulate with the priorities and directions suggested by such research? How can teachers and others working in this area be supported in the provision of meaningful interventions which promote and produce increases in optimal behavioural states? The paper concludes by suggesting future directions for research and practice.
Education for All or for Some? International Principles and Practice
Authors: Mittler Peter 
Published: February 2016

It is axiomatic that people with intellectual disabilities have the same human and civil rights to education as other citizens and that they must therefore have the same opportunities to attend their local schools and educational facilities. This is a fine vision. But it is far from the reality experienced by the majority of people with intellectual disabilities across the world.No country in the world has reason to be satisfied with the quality of the educational facilities which it provides for people with intellectual disabilities. But enough examples of good practice exist in different countries to make it possible for all of us to reappraise ways in which a higher quality of inclusive education and schooling could be provided for people with intellectual disabilities and the contribution that we can make personally and professionally to that process.In the field of intellectual disabilities, we need to define education in very broad terms as anything which systematically promotes learning and development. Defined in this way, education is a lifelong process which neither begins nor ends with schooling. Similarly, it is carried out by many people who are not teachers. Parents are at the heart of this process from the outset. The years spent at school are clearly of vital importance but they are only one element of the educational process. There is a sense in which all work with people with intellectual disabilities is educational, whatever the setting, in so far as it helps them to learn and to develop knowledge, skills and understanding.
The Who, What, Where, When, and Why of Self-Monitoring of Student Behaviour
Authors: Anderson Anastasia , Wheldall Kevin 
Published: February 2016

This article analysed 44 studies between 1991 and 2003 which report on the effectiveness of self‐monitoring in improving academic, behavioral and social skills of students with a range of disabilities. Using prior reviews by Reid (1996), and Webber, Scheduermann, McCall and Coleman (1993) as a model, study variables were tabulated and analysed. Strengths, weaknesses, and factors which increased the effectiveness of self‐monitoring were discussed.Analysis of study variables found self‐monitoring of attention, productivity or accuracy effectively increased a range of dependent variables, with productivity producing the greatest reactivity under certain circumstances. However, reactivity was idiosyncratic to participant, setting, and task variables, and teachers should consider student preferences and class pragmatics when choosing monitoring conditions.
Inclusion and Comprehensive School Reform: Lessons from the Field
Authors: Bain Alan , Lancaster Julie 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSustaining comprehensive secondary school reform (CSR) represents an immensely difficult and unresolved challenge for the field. The problems associated with CSR are of significant concern to proponents of inclusion given that more responsive schools and classrooms are connected to, if not dependent upon, the success of broader school reform efforts. In this paper, we will employ the experience derived from a decade of practice in secondary school reform to interpret the findings from the CSR literature. We will extract lessons learned about the reform process to identify five key implications that seem to be preconditions for the success of comprehensive site-based reforms and lead to inclusive practice.
The Development of a Passage Reading Test for the Frequent Monitoring of Performance of Low-Progress Readers
Authors: Wheldall Kevin , Madelaine Alison 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to develop a means of tracking the reading performance of low-progress readers on a weekly basis, so as to inform instructional decision-making. A representative sample of 261 primary school children from Years 1 to 5 were tested on 21 different text passages taken from a developing passage reading test, the Wheldall Assessment of Reading Passages (WARP). The results from this study were used to identify a series of ten ‘progress passages’ that were of very similar difficulty level to a set of three parallel ‘basal’ WARP passages. High parallel form reliability levels were demonstrated among all the passages. It is argued that the ten parallel progress passages may be employed with the original three basal passages, first to establish the current reading performance level of low-progress readers and then to track their progress by administering each of the ten progress passages weekly in turn over a ten week school term.
The Acquisition of Phonological Awareness and its Relationship to Reading in Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities
Authors: Sun Kim Kyoung , Kemp Coral 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA review of research into the acquisition of phonological awareness skills in individuals with intellectual disabilities, the relationship between phonological awareness and reading in these individuals and the effect of phonological awareness training on the development of their phonological skills is presented. Research indicates that children with intellectual disabilities may take a different path to that of typically developing children in the acquisition of phonological skills. Despite this, there is more similarity than difference between the two groups in the relationship between phonological awareness and the acquisition of reading, the indication being that there is a positive relationship between phonological awareness and reading acquisition for individuals with intellectual disabilities. Moreover, the components of phonological awareness that can be associated with the acquisition of reading are similar for both groups. Limited data indicate that, as with typically developing children, the reading related skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities can be developed through explicit instruction that includes a phonological awareness component.
Effects of a Decoding Program on a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Infantino Josephine , Hempenstall Kerry 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis case study examined the effects of a parent-presented Direct Instruction decoding program on the reading and language skills of a child with high functioning Autism Spectrum Disorder. Following the 23 hour intervention, reading comprehension, listening comprehension and fluency skills improved to grade level, whilst statistically significant improvements were also noted in receptive language skills. There were no significant changes in phonological and decoding skills for which various possibilities are explored, including the student’s prior double deficit in phonological skills. The findings are consistent with research suggesting that increased intervention intensity, along with greater emphasis on phonological skills may be necessary to advance the decoding skills of children displaying a double deficit. The reading and language outcomes were sufficiently promising to warrant further studies employing methodologically sound group designs with this population.