bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment Outcomes in 1p19q Co-deleted/Partially Deleted Gliomas
Authors: McNamara Mairéad G. , Jiang Haiyan , Lim-Fat Mary Jane , Sahebjam Solmaz , Kiehl Tim-Rasmus , Karamchandani Jason , Coire Claire , Chung Caroline , Millar Barbara-Ann , Laperriere Normand , Mason Warren P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Radiotherapy with procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine improves overall survival (OS) in patients with 1p19q co-deleted anaplastic oligodendroglioma/anaplastic oligoastrocytoma.Methods:This retrospective analysis investigated outcomes in patients with 1p19q co-deleted/partially deleted oligodendroglioma, oligoastrocytoma, anaplastic oligodendroglioma, or anaplastic oligoastrocytoma. OS and progression-free survival (PFS) were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and prognostic factors using the Cox proportional hazard model.Results:A total of 106 patients (between December 1997 and December 2013) were included. Median age was 40 years (19-66), 58 were male (55%), Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status was 0 in 80 patients (75%). 1p19q status was co-deleted in 66 (62%), incompletely co-deleted in 27 (25%), and 1p or 19q loss alone in four (4%) and nine (8%) patients, respectively. Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 R132H mutation was found in 67 of 85 patients with sufficient material. Upfront treatment was given in 72 (68%) patients and temozolomide alone in 52 (49%). Median time to radiotherapy in 47 patients (44%) was 34.7 months and 41.2 months in 9 patients with co-deleted/incompletely co-deleted anaplastic oligodendroglioma/anaplastic oligoastrocytoma who received upfront temozolomide alone. Median OS was not reached and 5-year OS was 91% for all groups (median follow-up, 5.1 years). On multivariable analysis for all patients, receipt of therapy upfront versus none (p=0.04), PS 1 versus 0 (p<0.001) and 1p19q co-deletion/incomplete deletion versus 1p or 19q loss alone (p=0.005) were prognostic for PFS. Isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 status was not prognostic for PFS.Conclusions:With similar survival patterns in low-grade/anaplastic gliomas, molecular characteristics may be more important than histological grade. Longer follow-up and results of prospective trials are needed for definitive guidance on treatment of these patients.
A Practical Tool for Surveillance of Surgical-Site Infections: A 5-Year Experience in Orthopedic Surgeries
Authors: Benenson Shmuel , Moses Allon E. , Cohen Matan J. , Brezis Meir , Minster Naomi , Schwartz Carmela , Kandel Leonid , Liebergall Meir , Mattan Yoav 
Published: January 2017

Continuous surveillance of surgical-site infection (SSI) is labor intensive. We developed a semiautomatic surveillance system partly assisted by surgeons. Most patients who developed postdischarge SSI were readmitted, which allowed us to limit postdischarge surveillance to this group. This procedure significantly reduced workload while maintaining high sensitivity and specificity for SSI diagnosis.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:610–613
Separating viewpoint from mode of representation in iconic co-speech gestures: insights from Danish narratives
Authors: FREDERIKSEN ANNE THERESE 
Published: January 2017

abstractDuring narrative retelling, speakers shift between different viewpoints to reflect how they conceptualize the events that unfolded. These viewpoints can be indicated through gestural means as well as through verbal ones. Studies of co-speech gestures have inferred viewpoint from gesture form, i.e., how entities are mapped onto the (primarily manual) articulators, but the merits of this approach have not been discussed. The present study argues that viewpoint is more than gestural form. Despite connections between the two, many other factors may influence a gesture’s form. Assessing viewpoint from gesture form alone limits the applicability of gestural viewpoint as a window onto speakers’ event conceptualization and introduces unnecessary differences in the categorization of viewpoint across gestures types. The present study examines iconic co-speech gestures in Danish narratives, and makes explicit the means used to infer gestural viewpoint. The approach advocated here ensures that the notion of viewpoint can be applied in a principled way to all or most iconic gestures.
WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT AND FAMILY PLANNING: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Authors: Prata Ndola , Fraser Ashley , Huchko Megan J. , Gipson Jessica D. , Withers Mellissa , Lewis Shayna , Ciaraldi Erica J. , Upadhyay Ushma D. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryThis paper reviews the literature examining the relationship between women’s empowerment and contraceptive use, unmet need for contraception and related family planning topics in developing countries. Searches were conducted using PubMed, Popline and Web of Science search engines in May 2013 to examine literature published between January 1990 and December 2012. Among the 46 articles included in the review, the majority were conducted in South Asia (n=24). Household decision-making (n=21) and mobility (n=17) were the most commonly examined domains of women’s empowerment. Findings show that the relationship between empowerment and family planning is complex, with mixed positive and null associations. Consistently positive associations between empowerment and family planning outcomes were found for most family planning outcomes but those investigations represented fewer than two-fifths of the analyses. Current use of contraception was the most commonly studied family planning outcome, examined in more than half the analyses, but reviewed articles showed inconsistent findings. This review provides the first critical synthesis of the literature and assesses existing evidence between women’s empowerment and family planning use.
DO THE SEX COMPOSITION OF LIVING CHILDREN AND THE DESIRE FOR ADDITIONAL CHILDREN AFFECT FUTURE INTENTION TO USE CONTRACEPTION IN ETHIOPIA?
Authors: Rai Rajesh Kumar 
Published: January 2017

SummaryInformation on future intention to use contraceptives is a potential programme indicator for family planning services. Using three consecutive rounds of Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data collected in 2000, 2005 and 2011, this study examined whether the sex composition of living children and future desire for additional children were associated with the intention to use contraceptives among Ethiopian women aged 15–49 years who were not using any method of contraception at the time of the survey. The pooled multivariate binary logistic regression analysis indicated that between 2000 and 2011, the intentions of non-users to use contraceptives in the future increased significantly. Women who had at least one child (with an equal number of boys and girls, more boys than girls or more girls than boys) who did not want any more children, and those who were unsure about their desire for additional children, showed an increased intention to use contraceptives in the future, compared with those with an equal number of boys and girls who expressed a desire for additional children. Women with no children and who did not want children, or those who were unclear about their future desire, showed a lower intention to use contraceptives, compared with women with an equal number of boys and girls who wanted a child in the future.
Effects of Recombinant Human Growth Hormone for Osteoporosis: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Atkinson Hayden F. , Moyer Rebecca F. , Yacoub Daniel , Coughlin Dexter , Birmingham Trevor B. 
Published: January 2017

RÉSUMÉNotre objectif était d’évaluer l’efficacité de l’hormone de croissance humaine recombinante (HCH) sur la densité minérale osseuse (DMO) chez les personnes âgées de 50 ans et plus, ayant une fonction pituitaire normale, qui risquent de développer l’ostéoporose. Nous avons passé en revue systématiquement les essais cliniques randomisés (ECR), examinant six bases de données, et ont réalisé des méta-analyses pour examiner les effets de la HCH sur la DMO dans la colonne lombaire et le col du fémur. Les données au sujet de l’incidence des fractures, les biomarqueurs du métabolisme osseux et les événements indésirables ont également été extraites et analysées. Treize ECR ont rempli les critères d’admissibilité. Effets de mise en commun de différentes tailles ne suggèrent aucun effet significatif de la HCH sur la DMO. Les valeurs de l’effet de mise en commun étaient plus grandes, mais insignifiantes, comparativement au placebo. La HCH a eu un effet significatif sur plusieurs marqueurs pour le métabolisme osseux. On a observé un taux significativement plus élevé d’évènements indésirables dans les groupes HCH. La méta-analyse des ECR suggère que le traitement par la HCH pour personnes ayant ou à risque de développer l’ostéoporose entraîne des augmentations très petites et insignifiantes de la DMO.
Development and evaluation of a Nutrition Transition-FFQ for adolescents in South India
Authors: Shaikh Nida I , Frediani Jennifer K , Ramakrishnan Usha , Patil Shailaja S , Yount Kathryn M , Martorell Reynaldo , Narayan KM Venkat , Cunningham Solveig A 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a Nutrition Transition-FFQ (NT-FFQ) to measure nutrition transition among adolescents in South India.DesignWe developed an interviewer-administered NT-FFQ comprising a 125-item semi-quantitative FFQ and a twenty-seven-item eating behaviour survey. The reproducibility and validity of the NT-FFQ were assessed using Spearman correlations, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC), and levels of agreement using Bland–Altman and cross-classification over 2 months (NT-FFQ1 and NT-FFQ2). Validity of foods was evaluated against three 24-h dietary recalls (24-HR). Face validity of eating behaviours was evaluated through semi-structured cognitive interviews. The reproducibility of eating behaviours was assessed using weighted kappa (κw) and cross-classification analyses.SettingVijayapura, India.SubjectsA representative sample of 198 adolescents aged 14–18 years.ResultsReproducibility of NT-FFQ: Spearman correlations ranged from 0·33 (pulses) to 0·80 (red meat) and ICC from 0·05 (fruits) to 1·00 (tea). On average, concordance (agreement) was 60 % and discordance was 7 % for food groups. For eating behaviours,κwranged from 0·24 (eating snacks while watching television) to 0·67 (eating lunch at home) with a mean of 0·40. Validity of NT-FFQ: Spearman correlations ranged from 0·11 (fried traditional foods) to 0·70 (tea) and ICC ranged from 0·02 (healthy global foods) to 1·00 (grains). The concordance and discordance were 48 % and 8 %, respectively. Bland–Altman plots showed acceptable agreement between NT-FFQ2 and 24-HR. The eating behaviours had acceptable face validity.ConclusionsThe NT-FFQ has good reproducibility and acceptable validity for food intake and eating behaviours. The NT-FFQ can quantify the nutrition transition among Indian adolescents.
Can Latino food trucks (loncheras) serve healthy meals? A feasibility study
Authors: Cohen Deborah A , Colaiaco Ben , Martinez-Wenzl Mary , Montes Monica , Han Bing , Berry Sandy H 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo conduct a pilot study to assess the feasibility of modifying food truck meals to meet the My Plate guidelines as well as the acceptability of healthier meals among consumers.DesignWe recruited the owners of Latino food trucks (loncheras) in 2013–2014 and offered an incentive for participation, assistance with marketing and training by a bilingual dietitian. We surveyed customers and we audited purchases to estimate sales of the modified meals.SettingCity of Los Angeles, CA, USA.SubjectsOwners or operators of Latino food trucks (loncheras) and their customers.ResultsWe enrolled twenty-two lonchera owners and eleven completed the intervention, offering more than fifty new menu items meeting meal guidelines. Sales of the meals comprised 2 % of audited orders. Customers rated the meals highly; 97 % said they would recommend and buy them again and 75 % of participants who completed the intervention intended to continue offering the healthier meals. However, adherence to guidelines drifted after several months of operation and participant burden was cited as a reason for dropout among three of eleven lonchera owners who dropped out.ConclusionsLonchera owners/operators who participated reported minimal difficulty in modifying menu items. Given the difficulty in enrolment, expanding this programme and ensuring adherence would likely need to be accomplished through regulatory requirements, monitoring and feedback, similar to the methods used to achieve compliance with sanitary standards. A companion marketing campaign would be helpful to increase consumer demand.
Topologically protected modes in non-equilibrium stochastic systems
Authors: Murugan Arvind , Vaikuntanathan Suriyanarayanan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNon-equilibrium driving of biophysical processes is believed to enable their robust functioning despite the presence of thermal fluctuations and other sources of disorder. Such robust functions include sensory adaptation, enhanced enzymatic specificity and maintenance of coherent oscillations. Elucidating the relation between energy consumption and organization remains an important and open question in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Here we report that steady states of systems with non-equilibrium fluxes can support topologically protected boundary modes that resemble similar modes in electronic and mechanical systems. Akin to their electronic and mechanical counterparts, topological-protected boundary steady states in non-equilibrium systems are robust and are largely insensitive to local perturbations. We argue that our work provides a framework for how biophysical systems can use non-equilibrium driving to achieve robust function.
A manifesto for reproducible science
Authors: Munafò Marcus R. , Nosek Brian A. , Bishop Dorothy V. M. , Button Katherine S. , Chambers Christopher D. , Percie du Sert Nathalie , Simonsohn Uri , Wagenmakers Eric-Jan , Ware Jennifer J. , Ioannidis John P. A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractImproving the reliability and efficiency of scientific research will increase the credibility of the published scientific literature and accelerate discovery. Here we argue for the adoption of measures to optimize key elements of the scientific process: methods, reporting and dissemination, reproducibility, evaluation and incentives. There is some evidence from both simulations and empirical studies supporting the likely effectiveness of these measures, but their broad adoption by researchers, institutions, funders and journals will require iterative evaluation and improvement. We discuss the goals of these measures, and how they can be implemented, in the hope that this will facilitate action toward improving the transparency, reproducibility and efficiency of scientific research.
In-silico experiments of zebrafish behaviour: modeling swimming in three dimensions
Authors: Mwaffo Violet , Butail Sachit , Porfiri Maurizio 
Published: January 2017

AbstractZebrafish is fast becoming a species of choice in biomedical research for the investigation of functional and dysfunctional processes coupled with their genetic and pharmacological modulation. As with mammals, experimentation with zebrafish constitutes a complicated ethical issue that calls for the exploration of alternative testing methods to reduce the number of subjects, refine experimental designs, and replace live animals. Inspired by the demonstrated advantages of computational studies in other life science domains, we establish an authentic data-driven modelling framework to simulate zebrafish swimming in three dimensions. The model encapsulates burst-and-coast swimming style, speed modulation, and wall interaction, laying the foundations for in-silico experiments of zebrafish behaviour. Through computational studies, we demonstrate the ability of the model to replicate common ethological observables such as speed and spatial preference, and anticipate experimental observations on the correlation between tank dimensions on zebrafish behaviour. Reaching to other experimental paradigms, our framework is expected to contribute to a reduction in animal use and suffering.
Effect of seed morph and light level on growth and reproduction of the amphicarpic plant Amphicarpaea edgeworthii (Fabaceae)
Authors: Zhang Keliang , Baskin Jerry M. , Baskin Carol C. , Yang Xuejun , Huang Zhenying 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAmphicarpic plants produce aerial and subterranean fruits on an individual plant, and these heteromorphic diaspores give rise to plants that differ in growth and ecology. Amphicarpaea edgeworthii is a summer annual amphicarpic species that grows over a range of light levels. We aimed to compare the response to shading intensity of plants of A. edgeworthii grown throughout their life cycle from aerial seeds (ASP) and from subterranean seeds (SSP). We hypothesized that vegetative and reproductive growth of plants from ASP and SSP respond differently to light. Plants were grown from ASP and SSP under 0, 46, 71 and 90% shading intensities. With plant height as a covariate, vegetative biomass of ASP and SSP did not differ. Leaf area and seed production of SSP were greater and internode length less than they were for ASP in all shading intensities. Aerial and subterranean seed yield, seed mass and number for both ASP and SSP were highest in full light. Aerial seed yield was affected more than subterranean seed yield by shading intensity. The growth and reproductive responses of ASP and SSP of A. edgeworthii may be adaptive to the range of low to high light environments in which this species grows.
Ocular dominance plasticity: inhibitory interactions and contrast equivalence
Authors: Spiegel Daniel P. , Baldwin Alex S. , Hess Robert F. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBrief monocular occlusion results in a transient change in ocular dominance, such that the previously patched eye makes a stronger contribution to the binocular percept after occlusion. The previously unpatched eye therefore makes a correspondingly weaker contribution to the binocular sum. To shed light on the mechanism underlying this change we investigate how the relationship between the perception of fusion, suppression, and diplopia changes after short-term monocular deprivation. Results show that fusible stimuli seen by the unpatched eye are actively suppressed as a result of patching and that this can be reversed by an interocular contrast imbalance. This suggests that dichoptic inhibition plays an important role in ocular dominance changes due to short-term occlusion, possibly by altering the contrast gain prior to binocular summation. This may help explain why this form of plasticity affects the perception of both fusible and rivalrous stimuli.
Association between reductions in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with statin therapy and the risk of new-onset diabetes: a meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Shaohua , Cai Rongrong , Yuan Yang , Varghese Zac , Moorhead John , Ruan Xiong Z. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA recent meta-analysis demonstrated that statin therapy was associated with a risk of diabetes. The present study investigated whether the relative reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) was a good indicator of the risk of new-onset diabetes. We searched the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register, Lilacs, Food and Drug Administration, and European Medicines Agency databases for randomized controlled trials of statins. Fourteen trials were included in the study. Eight trials with target LDL-c levels ≤100 mg/dL (2.6 mmol/L) or LDL-c reductions of at least 30% were extracted separately. The results showed that the overall risk of incident diabetes increased by 11% (OR = 1.11; 95% CI 1.03–1.20). The group with intensive LDL-c-lowering statin had an 18% increase in the likelihood of developing diabetes (OR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.10–1.28). Furthermore, the risks of incident diabetes were 13% (OR = 1.13; 95% CI 1.01–1.26) and 29% (OR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.13–1.47) in the subgroups with 30–40% and 40–50% reductions in LDL-c, respectively, suggesting that LDL-c reduction may provide a dynamic risk assessment parameter for new-onset diabetes. In conclusion, LDL-c reduction is positively related to the risk of new-onset diabetes. When LDL-c is reduced by more than 30% during lipid-lowering therapy, blood glucose monitoring is suggested to detect incident diabetes in high-risk populations.
Benzyl Isothiocyanate potentiates p53 signaling and antitumor effects against breast cancer through activation of p53-LKB1 and p73-LKB1 axes
Authors: Xie Bei , Nagalingam Arumugam , Kuppusamy Panjamurthy , Muniraj Nethaji , Langford Peter , Győrffy Balázs , Saxena Neeraj K. , Sharma Dipali 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFunctional reactivation of p53 pathway, although arduous, can potentially provide a broad-based strategy for cancer therapy owing to frequent p53 inactivation in human cancer. Using a phosphoprotein-screening array, we found that Benzyl Isothiocynate, (BITC) increases p53 phosphorylation in breast cancer cells and reveal an important role of ERK and PRAS40/MDM2 in BITC-mediated p53 activation. We show that BITC rescues and activates p53-signaling network and inhibits growth of p53-mutant cells. Mechanistically, BITC induces p73 expression in p53-mutant cells, disrupts the interaction of p73 and mutant-p53, thereby releasing p73 from sequestration and allowing it to be transcriptionally active. Furthermore, BITC-induced p53 and p73 axes converge on tumor-suppressor LKB1 which is transcriptionally upregulated by p53 and p73 in p53-wild-type and p53-mutant cells respectively; and in a feed-forward mechanism, LKB1 tethers with p53 and p73 to get recruited to p53-responsive promoters. Analyses of BITC-treated xenografts using LKB1-null cells corroborate in vitro mechanistic findings and establish LKB1 as the key node whereby BITC potentiates as well as rescues p53-pathway in p53-wild-type as well as p53-mutant cells. These data provide first in vitro and in vivo evidence of the integral role of previously unrecognized crosstalk between BITC, p53/LKB1 and p73/LKB1 axes in breast tumor growth-inhibition.
Temperature-dependent Schottky barrier in high-performance organic solar cells
Authors: Li Hui , He Dan , Zhou Qing , Mao Peng , Cao Jiamin , Ding Liming , Wang Jizheng 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOrganic solar cells (OSCs) have attracted great attention in the past 30 years, and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) now reaches around 10%, largely owning to the rapid material developments. Meanwhile with the progress in the device performance, more and more interests are turning to understanding the fundamental physics inside the OSCs. In the conventional bulk-heterojunction architecture, only recently it is realized that the blend/cathode Schottky junction serves as the fundamental diode for the photovoltaic function. However, few researches have focused on such junctions, and their physical properties are far from being well-understood. In this paper based on PThBDTP:PC71BM blend, we fabricated OSCs with PCE exceeding 10%, and investigated temperature-dependent behaviors of the junction diodes by various characterization including current-voltage, capacitance-voltage and impedance measurements between 70 to 290 K. We found the Schottky barrier height exhibits large inhomogeneity, which can be described by two sets of Gaussian distributions.