bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contrast‐induced encephalopathy following cardiac catheterization
Authors: Spina Roberto , Simon Neil , Markus Romesh , Muller David WM , Kathir Krishna 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and management of contrast‐induced encephalopathy (CIE) following cardiac catheterization.BackgroundCIE is an acute, reversible neurological disturbance directly attributable to the intra‐arterial administration of iodinated contrast medium.MethodsThe PubMed database was searched and all cases in the literature were retrieved and reviewed.Results52 reports of CIE following cardiac catheterization were found. Encephalopathy, motor and sensory disturbances, vision disturbance, opthalmoplegia, aphasia, and seizures have been reported. Transient cortical blindness is the most commonly reported neurological syndrome, occurring in approximately 50% of cases. The putative mechanism involves disruption of the blood brain barrier and direct neuronal injury. Contrast‐induced transient vasoconstriction has also been implicated. Symptoms typically appear within minutes to hours of contrast administration and resolve entirely within 24–48 hr. Risk factors may include hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal impairment, the administration of large volumes of iodinated contrast, percutaneous coronary intervention or selective angiography of internal mammary grafts, and previous adverse reaction to iodinated contrast. Characteristic findings on cerebral imaging include cortical and sub‐cortical contrast enhancement on computed tomography (CT). Imaging findings in CIE may mimic subarachnoid hemorrhage or cerebral ischemia; the Hounsfield scale on CT and the apparent diffusion coefficient on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are useful imaging tools in distinguishing these entities. In some cases, brain imaging is normal. Prognosis is excellent with supportive management alone. CIE tends to recur, although re‐challenge with iodinated contrast without adverse effects has been documented.ConclusionsCIE is an important clinical entity to consider in the differential diagnosis of stroke following cardiac catheterization. Given that prognosis is excellent with supportive management only, physicians should be aware of it, and consider it prior to initiating thrombolysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Novel delivery technique for atrial septal defect closure in young children utilizing the GORE® CARDIOFORM® septal occluder
Authors: Anderson Jason H. , Fraint Hannah , Moore Phillip , Cabalka Allison K. , Taggart Nathaniel W. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesTo develop a novel delivery technique to overcome vascular size limitations for device closure of a secundum ASD in the young patient.BackgroundThe efficacy, clinical utility, and safety of transcatheter closure in comparison to surgical closure are well established; however, access vessel size remains a potential limitation to device selection in the young patient.MethodsA retrospective medical record review of all cases of secundum ASD closure between April 2015 and April 2016 utilizing a novel delivery method described herein at two separate academic institutions. The device is disassembled allowing the delivery sheath to serve as the introducer. It is advanced to the RA with re‐introduction of the device allowing for deployment in the standard fashion.ResultsOverall, 10 patients underwent secundum ASD closure via this novel delivery technique. There were six females (60%) and the average age at time of the procedure was 4.2 years ± 1.6 years (range 2–6 years). The majority of patients had an isolated secundum ASD (70%) with the primary indication for closure being right ventricular volume overload (90%). All patients had successful placement of a GORE® CARDIOFORM® Septal Occluder (GCSO) with no or trivial residual shunt. No patients had vascular complications related to the procedure.ConclusionsWe describe a novel technique for ASD closure using the GCSO delivery sheath as the access sheath, which reduces the vascular access size requirement by 25%, thus addressing one common limitation for percutaneous device closure of a secundum ASD in young patients. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balloon Valvuloplasty to Predict X‐ray Projection Angles that are Perpendicular to Cardiovascular Structures
Authors: Fetterly Kenneth , Greason Kevin , Mathew Verghese 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this work is to describe methods to measure the 3D angular orientation of cardiovascular structures based on a planar image of a valvuloplasty balloon. These methods facilitate X‐ray beam alignment with respect to the anatomy of interest.BackgroundX‐ray beam projections which are perpendicular to the long axis of cardiovascular structures are required to support interventional procedures, including transcatheter aortic valve implant (TAVI).MethodsDuring the TAVI procedure, the 3D angular orientation of the LVOT of 10 patients was measured from a single planar image of an aortic valvuloplasty balloon and the continuous range of X‐ray projection angles which are aligned with the aortic valve plane were calculated (research method). Misalignment of the X‐ray beam and TAVI valve frame was measured from images of the deployed valve. The accuracy of the research method was compared to clinical standard method to determine appropriate X‐ray projection angles, which utilized CT and aortography.ResultsUsing the clinical standard method, the median misalignment of the X‐ray beam and TAVI valve frame was 8.6° (range 2.6° to 21°). Misalignment was reduced to 2.5° (range 0° to 10°) using the research method.ConclusionsThe 3D angular orientation of cardiovascular structures can be measured accurately from a single X‐ray projection image of a known cardiovascular device contained within the anatomy of interest. For TAVI procedures, improved X‐ray beam alignment may help facilitate procedural success. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Low‐Temperature Preparation of a Mesoporous Silica Superbase by Employing the Multifunctionality of a La2O3 Interlayer
Authors: Liu Ning , Wu Zhimin , Li Meng , Li Shanshan , Luo Zhantao , Li Yongfei , Pan Langsheng , Liu Yuejin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA simple and effective approach for the preparation of the solid superbasic La2O3–SBA‐15‐supported KF (KF/La2O3–SBA‐15) was developed by a low‐temperature strategy. The KF/La2O3–SBA‐15 with ordered mesostructure and a high base strength (H−=27.0) was realized at 350 °C in still air, which breaks the traditional method of thermally induced decomposition of basic metal nitrate derived species KNO3 under higher temperatures (>600 °C). The resultant mesoporous basic materials were adopted for the production of 1‐methoxy‐2‐propanol from propylene oxide and methanol. It showed excellent catalytic performance exhibiting 93 % conversion of propylene oxide and 93 % selectivity to 1‐methoxy‐2‐propanol. This performance is better than that over the catalysts without mesoporous silica despite having a higher KF content.
Pinacol Rearrangement and Direct Nucleophilic Substitution of Allylic Alcohols Promoted by Graphene Oxide and Graphene Oxide CO2H
Authors: Gómez‐Martínez Melania , Baeza Alejandro , Alonso Diego A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGraphene oxide (GO) and carboxylic acid functionalized GO (GO–CO2H) have been found to efficiently promote the heterogeneous and environmentally friendly pinacol rearrangement of 1,2‐diols and the direct nucleophilic substitution of allylic alcohols. In general, high yields and regioselectivities are obtained in both reactions using 20 wt % of catalyst loading and mild reaction conditions.
Formal Enantioselective Hydroamination of Non‐Activated Alkenes: Transformation of Styrenes into Enantiomerically Pure 1‐Phenylethylamines in Chemoenzymatic One‐Pot Synthesis
Authors: Uthoff Florian , Sato Hirofumi , Gröger Harald 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAs a complementary approach to current asymmetric synthetic methods, a direct transformation of styrenes into 1‐phenylethylamines was developed. The one‐pot process represents a formal hydroamination of a non‐activated alkene with ammonia and is based on the combination of a Pd/Cu‐catalyzed Wacker‐oxidation with an enzymatic transamination. A key feature of this process is the compartmentation of the catalytic systems, which turned out to be essential to avoid deactivation of the transaminase by the Cu‐component. This one‐pot synthesis can be applied to a broad substrate range, which leads to the chiral amines with high conversions and excellent enantioselectivities of >99 % ee.
Dinuclear α‐Diimine NiII and PdII Complexes that Catalyze Ethylene Polymerization and Copolymerization
Authors: Na Yinna , Wang Xingbao , Lian Kunbo , Zhu Yun , Li Weimin , Luo Yi , Chen Changle 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA series of dinucleating α‐diimine ligands and the corresponding nickel and palladium complexes were synthesized and characterized. The dinucleating α‐diimine ligands are designed to incorporate naphthalene‐, biphenylene‐, and xanthene‐bridged structures, which may lead to different metal–metal distances. The properties of these dinuclear complexes in ethylene polymerization and copolymerization with methyl acrylate are investigated. Higher catalytic activity, higher polyethylene molecular weight, and much lower polyethylene branching density were observed for the dinuclear Ni complexes compared with the mononuclear analogue in ethylene polymerization. For the dinuclear palladium complexes, much more dramatic differences in activity and polyethylene molecular weight were observed. Most interestingly, similar catalytic activities were observed for the dinuclear and mononuclear palladium complexes in ethylene–methyl acrylate copolymerization, whereas only the mononuclear complex was able to incorporate an appreciable amount of the methyl acrylate monomer.
Influence of Nanoeffects on the Oxidation of Cr–C/Ag Thin Films Containing Silver Nanoparticles
Authors: Nygren Kristian , Folkenant Matilda , Jansson Ulf , Nyholm Leif 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWell‐controlled functionalization of carbide‐based nanocomposite films with noble‐metal surface nanoparticles of different sizes may lead to new materials with novel multifunctional properties. In this work, magnetron sputtering was used to deposit nanocomposite films comprising amorphous chromium carbide (a‐CrCx), amorphous carbon (a‐C), and a minority of silver in the form of embedded nanoclusters. Up to 5⋅1010 surface nanoparticles per cm2 with different size distributions were also found to be formed, owing to the diffusion of silver from the bulk of the film. The influences of these conductive nanoparticles on the electrochemical behavior of the films were investigated in dilute sulfuric acid. Although silver is a noble metal, the oxidation potential of the nanoparticles was about 0.4 V more negative than the Ag+/Ag standard potential, meaning that the nanoparticles were oxidized in the Cr passive potential region. While this effect can mainly be explained by a low concentration of Ag+ in the electrolyte, the sizes of the nanoparticles and interactions with the matrix were also found to be important. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface chemistries. As Ag can be replaced by other noble metals, the concept is of general interest for further studies.
Acid‐Mediated Synthesis of Ordered Mesoporous Aluminosilicates: The Challenge and the Promise
Authors: Krishna Nunna V. , Selvam Parasuraman 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA new intrinsic hydrolysis method was employed, for the first‐time, to synthesize well‐ordered H‐AlSBA‐15 with trivalent aluminium exclusively in the tetrahedral framework structure of SBA‐15. Unlike other methods, which involve incorporation of aluminium ions in both the framework (Brønsted) and non‐framework (Lewis) sites of the silicate matrix, the intrinsic hydrolysis method isomorphously substitutes aluminium ions in the tetrahedral network even at high aluminium content. This unique approach relies mainly on the hydrolysis rates of the inorganic (silicon and aluminium) precursors used for the preparation in such a way that the condensation occurs simultaneously so as to overcome the usually encountered difficulties in stabilizing aluminium ions in the silicate matrix. In this way, we could successfully synthesize high quality Brønsted acidic H‐AlSBA‐15, hitherto not reported. The synthesized materials were systematically characterized by various analytical, spectroscopic, and imaging techniques, including XRD, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements, TEM, SEM, 29Si and 27Al magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy, X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), and NH3 temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD). The characterization results reveal the presence of a highly porous structure (with narrow pores) and tetrahedrally coordinated trivalent aluminium in the silicate matrix with more medium to strong Brønsted acid sites. The resulting high quality catalysts exhibit excellent activity for tert‐butylation of phenol with high selectivity towards para‐tert‐butyl phenol and 2,4‐di‐tert‐butyl phenol.
Enzymatic Activity and Thermodynamic Stability of Biliverdin IXβ Reductase Are Maintained by an Active Site Serine
Authors: Chu Wen‐Ting , Nesbitt Natasha M. , Gnatenko Dmitri V. , Li Zongdong , Zhang Beibei , Seeliger Markus A. , Browne Seamus , Mantle Timothy J. , Bahou Wadie F. , Wang Jin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBiliverdin reductase IXβ (BLVRB) is a crucial enzyme in heme metabolism. Recent studies in humans have identified a loss‐of‐function mutation (Ser111Leu) that unmasks a fundamentally important role in hematopoiesis. We have undertaken experimental and thermodynamic modeling studies to provide further insight into the role of the cofactor in substrate accessibility and protein folding properties regulating BLVRB catalytic mechanisms. Site‐directed mutagenesis with molecular dynamic (MD) simulations establish the critical role of NAD(P)H‐dependent conformational changes on substrate accessibility by forming the “hydrophobic pocket”, along with identification of a single key residue (Arg35) modulating NADPH/NADH selectivity. Loop80 and Loop120 block the hydrophobic substrate binding pocket in apo BLVRB (open), whereas movement of these structures after cofactor binding results in the “closed” (catalytically active) conformation. Both enzymatic activity and thermodynamic stability are affected by mutation(s) involving Ser111, which is located in the core of the BLVRB active site. This work 1) elucidates the crucial role of Ser111 in enzymatic catalysis and thermodynamic stability by active site hydrogen bond network; 2) defines a dynamic model for apo BLVRB extending beyond the crystal structure of the binary BLVRB/NADP+ complex; 3) provides a structural basis for the “encounter” and “equilibrium” states of the binary complex, which are regulated by NAD(P)H.
Single‐Molecule Conductance Studies of Organometallic Complexes Bearing 3‐Thienyl Contacting Groups
Authors: Bock Sören , Al‐Owaedi Oday A. , Eaves Samantha G. , Milan David C. , Lemmer Mario , Skelton Brian W. , Osorio Henrry M. , Nichols Richard J. , Higgins Simon J. , Cea Pilar , Long Nicholas J. , Albrecht Tim , Martín Santiago , Lambert Colin J. , Low Paul J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe compounds and complexes 1,4‐C6H4(C≡C‐cyclo‐3‐C4H3S)2 (2), trans‐[Pt(C≡C‐cyclo‐3‐C4H3S)2(PEt3)2] (3), trans‐[Ru(C≡C‐cyclo‐3‐C4H3S)2(dppe)2] (4; dppe=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) and trans‐[Ru(C≡C‐cyclo‐3‐C4H3S)2{P(OEt)3}4] (5) featuring the 3‐thienyl moiety as a surface contacting group for gold electrodes have been prepared, crystallographically characterised in the case of 3–5 and studied in metal|molecule|metal junctions by using both scanning tunnelling microscope break‐junction (STM‐BJ) and STM‐I(s) methods (measuring the tunnelling current (I) as a function of distance (s)). The compounds exhibit similar conductance profiles, with a low conductance feature being more readily identified by STM‐I(s) methods, and a higher feature by the STM‐BJ method. The lower conductance feature was further characterised by analysis using an unsupervised, automated multi‐parameter vector classification (MPVC) of the conductance traces. The combination of similarly structured HOMOs and non‐resonant tunnelling mechanism accounts for the remarkably similar conductance values across the chemically distinct members of the family 2–5.
CuOTf‐Catalyzed Selective Generation of 2‐Aminopyrimidines from Carbodiimides and Diaryliodonium Salts by a Triple C(sp3)−H Functionalization
Authors: Chi Yue , Yan Haihan , Zhang Wen‐Xiong , Xi Zhenfeng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe selective C(sp3)−H bond functionalization is an ideal and atom‐economical method in organic synthesis. In this work, 2‐aminopyrimidines are generated from a Cu‐catalyzed reaction between carbodiimides and diaryliodonium salts, by cleavage of four C(sp3)−H, one C−N, and one C=N bonds in the carbodiimides. It is the first triple C(sp3)−H bond functionalization neighboring a C=N bond. The selective synthesis of 2‐aminopyrimidines is controlled by the amount of the diaryliodonium salts. The novel mechanism involving a C−N formation/1,5‐H shift/1,7‐H shift/6 π‐electrocyclic ring‐closing/aromatization is well elucidated by the detection of important intermediates and DFT calculations.
Adaptive Self‐Assembly Behavior Restrained by Supramolecular Crystallization and Molecular Recognition
Authors: Roy Bappaditya , Noguchi Takao , Yoshihara Daisuke , Sakamoto Junji , Yamamoto Tatsuhiro , Shinkai Seiji 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe control over supramolecular interactions and obtaining information beyond the molecular scale is an extended challenge. The intriguing self‐assembly of a perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxylic acid diimide (PDI)‐based novel bolaamphiphilic probe is experienced within an artificial environment that is restrained by using supramolecular crystallization and molecular recognition. The bolaamphiphile with a hydrophilic [18]‐azacrown ether ring produced nanoaggregates due to differing solubilities in organic and aqueous media. A structural evolution was observed in the presence of alkali metal ions as guests. The metal complexes form a pseudo‐cationic structure, which is further involved in an ionic self‐assembly with biomolecules, thus resulting new spectroscopic information on the dye self‐assembly. The overarching aim of this study is to emphasize the importance of the concept of supramolecular adaptability, which has been used to establish an environment‐friendly behavior based on noncovalent forces, thus leading to the evolution of new assembly structures and photophysical properties.
Soluble Graphene Nanoribbons from Planarization of Oligophenylenes
Authors: Sen Choong Ping , Valiyaveettil Suresh 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA solution‐based chemical synthesis of two graphene nanoribbons with armchair edges is reported. The precursor oligophenylene molecules are synthesized and subjected to oxidative cyclodehydrogenation to afford the target molecules, G‐1 and G‐2. These molecules have good solubility in organic solvents, and show a large redshift in their absorption edge (up to 185 nm) and emission maximum (up to 125 nm) after planarization. Fibrous structures are formed upon self‐assembly of molecules through columnar π–π stacking. Such molecular assemblies may be useful for various applications.
Fe‐Catalyzed Amination of (Hetero)Arenes with a Redox‐Active Aminating Reagent under Mild Conditions
Authors: Liu Jianzhong , Wu Kai , Shen Tao , Liang Yujie , Zou Miancheng , Zhu Yuchao , Li Xinwei , Li Xinyao , Jiao Ning 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA novel and efficient Fe‐catalyzed direct C−H amination (NH2) of arenes is reported using a new redox‐active aminating reagent. The reaction is simple, and can be performed under air, mild, and redox‐neutral conditions. This protocol has a broad substrate scope and could be used in the late‐stage modification of bioactive compounds. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that a radical pathway could be involved in this transformation.
Genuine brands or high quality counterfeits: An investigation of luxury consumption in China
Authors: Jiang Ling , Shan Juan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study examines the effects of different marketing and manufacturing factors on the perceived quality gap and willingness to pay (WTP) for genuine luxury brands. Using the survey data of 786 Chinese consumers, the results show that three marketing factors (product innovation, price promotion, and sales environment) and two manufacturing factors (production in country of brand origin and difficulty in producing the products) all indirectly influence WTP through a perceived quality gap between originals and counterfeits. These effects differ significantly among consumers with different counterfeit and genuine brand purchasing experiences. For consumers with counterfeit purchasing experience, it is important to emphasize the manufacturing factors in the marketing strategies; however, for consumers who only buy genuine brands, marketing factors play a more important role. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Structure‐Based Drug Design of Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists to Explore Oxosteroid Receptor Selectivity
Authors: Nordqvist Anneli , O'Mahony Gavin , Fridén‐Saxin Maria , Fredenwall Marlene , Hogner Anders , Granberg Kenneth L. , Aagaard Anna , Bäckström Stefan , Gunnarsson Anders , Kaminski Tim , Xue Yafeng , Dellsén Anita , Hansson Eva , Hansson Pia , Ivarsson Ida , Karlsson Ulla , Bamberg Krister , Hermansson Majlis , Georgsson Jennie , Lindmark Bo , Edman Karl 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) is a nuclear hormone receptor involved in the regulation of body fluid and electrolyte homeostasis. In this study we explore selectivity triggers for a series of nonsteroidal MR antagonists to improve selectivity over other members of the oxosteroid receptor family. A biaryl sulfonamide compound was identified in a high‐throughput screening (HTS) campaign. The compound bound to MR with pKi=6.6, but displayed poor selectivity over the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the progesterone receptor (PR). Following X‐ray crystallography of MR in complex with the HTS hit, a compound library was designed that explored an induced‐fit hypothesis that required movement of the Met852 side chain. An improvement in MR selectivity of 11‐ to 79‐fold over PR and 23‐ to 234‐fold over GR was obtained. Given the U‐shaped binding conformation, macrocyclizations were explored, yielding a macrocycle that bound to MR with pKi=7.3. Two protein–ligand X‐ray structures were determined, confirming the hypothesized binding mode for the designed compounds.
UV‐Induced Synthesis and Stabilization of Surfactant‐Free Colloidal Pt Nanoparticles with Controlled Particle Size in Ethylene Glycol
Authors: Kacenauskaite Laura , Quinson Jonathan , Schultz Hannibal , Kirkensgaard Jacob Judas Kain , Kunz Sebastian , Vosch Tom , Arenz Matthias 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe conventional temperature‐induced polyol synthesis of platinum nanoparticles is a powerful and well‐established method for the preparation of stable, surfactant‐free platinum nanoparticles (Pt NPs) with controlled shape, size and size distribution. Recently, we reported that exposure to daylight leads to the formation of Pt NPs from precursor solutions, suggesting that a parallel approach of UV‐induced polyol synthesis could be a cheaper and more widely applicable alternative. Here we report a controlled size and size distribution for Pt NPs prepared using UV irradiation instead of thermal treatment. Results demonstrate that, depending on the concentration of NaOH in the reaction mixture, the size of produced nanoparticles can vary between 1 and 5.8 nm. We also show, for the first time, how NaOH affects the formation of organic side products, which alters Pt NPs stability, and demonstrate a method for the preparation of stable nanoparticle suspensions with an average particle size of 5.8 nm.