bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Noninvasive Hemodynamic Measurements During Neurosurgical Procedures in Sitting Position
Authors: Schramm Patrick , Tzanova Irene , Gööck Tilman , Hagen Frank , Schmidtmann Irene , Engelhard Kristin , Pestel Gunther 
Published: March 2016

Background:
Neurosurgical procedures in sitting position need advanced cardiovascular monitoring. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) to measure cardiac output (CO)/cardiac index (CI) and stroke volume (SV), and invasive arterial blood pressure measurements for systolic (ABPsys), diastolic (ABPdiast) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) are established monitoring technologies for these kind of procedures. A noninvasive device for continuous monitoring of blood pressure and CO based on a modified Penaz technique (volume-clamp method) was introduced recently. In the present study the noninvasive blood pressure measurements were compared with invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring, and the noninvasive CO monitoring to TEE measurements.

Methods:
Measurements of blood pressure and CO were performed in 35 patients before/after giving a fluid bolus and a change from supine to sitting position, start of surgery, and repositioning from sitting to supine at the end of surgery. Data pairs from the noninvasive device (Nexfin HD) versus arterial line measurements (ABPsys, ABPdiast, MAP) and versus TEE (CO, CI, SV) were compared using Bland-Altman analysis and percentage error.

Results:
All parameters compared (CO, CI, SV, ABPsys, ABPdiast, MAP) showed a large bias and wide limits of agreement. Percentage error was above 30% for all parameters except ABPsys.

Conclusion:
The noninvasive device based on a modified Penaz technique cannot replace arterial blood pressure monitoring or TEE in anesthetized patients undergoing neurosurgery in sitting position.
Vocational Functioning in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Bull Helen , Ueland Torill , Lystad June Ullevoldsæter , Evensen Stig , Martinsen Egil Wilhelm , Falkum Erik 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
While the influence of negative symptoms on vocational outcome is well documented, the specific contribution of apathy is less explored. The current study examined the influence of apathy on vocational outcome. A total of 148 participants were included in a vocational rehabilitation study, offering cognitive remediation (CR) or cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) to address work-related issues. Clinical and functional measures were assessed on inclusion and at posttreatment after approximately 10 months. The level of apathy was not related to the acquisition of work, but higher levels of apathy predicted fewer hours worked per week during the study. Previous employment predicted future employment, and higher education predicted more hours worked and higher score on the Work Behavior Inventory. The results did not differ across interventions. Thus, despite apathy, people with schizophrenia were able to work when the barriers to employment were addressed and adequate support was given.
The Role of Hepsin in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: El-Rebey Hala S. , Kandil Mona A.-H. , Samaka Rehab M. , Al-Sharaky Dalia R. , El Deeb Karim 
Published: March 2016

Purpose:
Endometrial carcinoma is the sixth most common cancer in women worldwide and the most common invasive cancer of the female genital tract in developed countries. It is hoped that through a better understanding of the alterations implicated in endometrial cancer pathogenesis and prognosis, a more complete profile of risk factors and targeted therapy can be developed. Hepsin is a member of the type II transmembrane serine protease family. The importance of hepsin in prostate cancer has been demonstrated by several studies. However, the role of hepsin in endometrial carcinoma is yet to be identified. This study aimed to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of hepsin in endometrial carcinoma, trying to explore its diagnostic and prognostic value.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study was conducted on 27 endometrial carcinoma and 18 endometrial hyperplasia cases. Immunohistochemical expression of hepsin was evaluated in tissue specimens and results were correlated with the available clinicopathlogic parameters.

Results:
Positive hepsin expression was seen in all (100%) carcinoma and 17/18 (94.44%) endometrial hyperplasia cases. The H-score of hepsin expression in endometrial carcinoma was significantly higher than that of hyperplasia cases (P=0.012). A significant negative association was found between hepsin expression in endometrial carcinoma cases regarding the grade and the size of tumors (P=0.018 and 0.008, respectively) as well as myometrial invasion (P=0.027).

Conclusions:
Hepsin could play an important role in the pathogenesis and the early carcinogenesis of endometrial carcinoma and could serve as a prognostic biomarker in this tumor.
A Novel Approach to Keloid Reconstruction with Bilaminar Dermal Substitute and Epidermal Skin Grafting
Authors: Nguyen Khang T. , Shikowitz Lauren , Kasabian Armen K. , Bastidas Nicholas 
Published: March 2016

Background:
Keloids represent a challenging problem. Surgical excision remains the definitive treatment for immediate lesion debulking, but recurrence rates are reported to be 45 to 100 percent. The authors present a staged reconstructive approach using a dermal regeneration substrate and epidermal grafting to minimize recurrence and donor-site morbidity.

Methods:
Keloids were completely excised down to normal subcutaneous tissue or perichondrium. A bilaminar dermal regeneration matrix was approximated to the entire wound, with the silicone lamina oriented superficially. Reconstruction was delayed for at least 21 days to allow for neodermal ingrowth. The silicone lamina was then removed, and an epidermal skin graft was harvested from the thigh and secured to the neodermis with nonocclusive dressing. Reconstructed defects and donor sites were assessed for recurrence of keloids and scar appearance.

Results:
Five patients underwent treatment; two had keloids involving the superior helix of the ear (average area, 2.6 cm2), two had keloids involving the chest (average area, 28 cm2), and one had a keloid in the pubic region (area, 10 cm2). All had failed at least one previous treatment with direct excision and steroid injections. Mean follow-up was 48.8 weeks (range, 38 to 60 weeks). Average time to complete wound epithelialization was 5.5 weeks. There were no infections or cellulitis. All reconstructed defects were aesthetically acceptable and remained flat without significant widening. There were no long-term complaints of pruritus or pain and there was no evidence of donor-site scarring.

Conclusions:
Epidermal grafting provides significant advantages when used with a dermal regeneration matrix. This approach obviates reliance on skin creep and flap undermining to achieve primary closure. Exclusion of dermis and significant extracellular matrix components limits contracture, further facilitating tension-free wound healing. Scarring response within the donor site and graft is also minimized.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Generating an Engineered Adipose Tissue Flap Using an External Suspension Device
Authors: Wan Jinlin , Dong Ziqing , Lei Chen , Lu Feng 
Published: March 2016

Background:
The tissue-engineering chamber technique can generate large volumes of adipose tissue, which provides a potential solution for the complex reconstruction of large soft-tissue defects. However, major drawbacks of this technique are the foreign-body reaction and the volume limitation imposed by the chamber.

Methods:
In this study, the authors developed a novel tissue-engineering method using a specially designed external suspension device that generates an optimized volume of adipose flap and avoids the implantation of foreign material. The rabbits were processed using two different tissue-engineering methods, the external suspension device technique and the traditional tissue-engineering chamber technique.

Results:
The adipose flaps generated by the external suspension device had a normal adipose tissue structure that was as good as that generated by the traditional tissue-engineering chamber, but the flap volume was much larger. The final volume of the engineered adipose flap grew between weeks 0 and 36 from 5.1 ml to 30.7 ml in the traditional tissue-engineering chamber group and to 80.5 ml in the external suspension device group. During the generation process, there were no marked differences between the two methods in terms of structural and cellular changes of the flap, except that the flaps in the traditional tissue-engineering chamber group had a thicker capsule at the early stage. In addition, the enlarged flaps generated by the external suspension device could be reshaped into specific shapes by the implant chamber.

Conclusions:
This minimally invasive external suspension device technique can generate large-volume adipose flaps. Combined with a reshaping method, this technique should facilitate clinical application of adipose tissue engineering.
Facial Psoriasis Log‐based Area and Severity Index: A valid and reliable severity measurement method detecting improvement of facial psoriasis in clinical practice settings
Authors: Kwon Hyuck Hoon , Kim Min‐Woo , Park Gyeong‐Hun , Bae You in , Kuk Su Kyung , Suh Dae Hun , Youn Jai Il , Kwon In Ho 
Published: March 2016

AbstractFacial psoriasis is often observed in moderate to severe degrees of psoriasis. While we previously demonstrated construct validity of the facial Psoriasis Log‐based Area and Severity Index (fPLASI) system for the cross‐sectional evaluation of facial psoriasis, its reliability and accuracy to detect clinical improvement has not been confirmed yet. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the fPLASI properly represents the range of improvement for facial psoriasis compared with the existing facial Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (fPASI) after receiving systemic treatments in clinical practice settings. The changing severity of facial psoriasis for 118 patients was calculated by the scales of fPASI and fPLASI between two time points after systemic treatments. Then, percentage changes (ΔfPASI and ΔfPLASI) were analyzed from the perspective of both the Physician's Global Assessment of effectiveness (PGA) and patients’ Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). As a result, the distribution of the fPASI was more heavily clustered around the low score range compared with the fPLASI at both first and second visits. Linear regression analysis between ΔfPASI and ΔfPLASI shows that the correlation coefficient was 0.94, and ΔfPLASI represented greater percentage changes than ΔfPASI. Remarkably, degrees of clinical improvement measured by the PGA matched better with ΔfPLASI, while ΔfPASI underestimated clinical improvements compared with ΔfPLASI from treatment‐responding groups by the PGA and SGA. In conclusion, the fPLASI represented clinical improvement of facial psoriasis with more sensitivity and reliability compared with the fPASI. Therefore, the PLASI system would be a viable severity measurement method for facial psoriasis in clinical practice.
Physician and Practice‐Level Drivers and Disparities around Meaningful Use Progress
Authors: Heisey‐Grove Dawn , King Jennifer A. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo identify physician and practice characteristics that are markers of success for meaningful use of electronic health records (EHRs).Data SourcesAmerican Medical Association survey, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) EHR Incentive, Pioneer Accountable Care Organization, and PECOS Programs, the Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT's Regional Extension Center Program, and National Committee for Quality Assurance Patient‐centered Medical Home certification program.Study DesignRetrospective analysis of 865,370 physicians' participation in CMS's EHR Incentive Program and progress to stage 1 Meaningful Use between 2011 and 2013. Physician specialty, age, practice size, geographic markers, delivery reform participation, and technical assistance receipt were predictive elements.Principal FindingsMedicaid physicians were progressing more slowly to Meaningful Use than Medicare physicians: by 2013, 8 in 10 physicians registered with Medicare had achieved meaningful use, compared to one‐third of Medicaid‐registered physicians. The strongest predictors of meaningful use were technical assistance (79 percent more likely) and delivery reform participation (34 percent more likely).ConclusionsContinued outreach and technical assistance that demonstrates strong interactions between meaningful use of health IT and delivery reform may facilitate further adoption of both initiatives.
The Decipherment of Latent White Board Entries
Authors: Toulomelis Wendy 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThis case involves an incriminating message written on a white board and erased before the investigators seized the evidence. Investigators inquired about the possibility of recovering the entries and subsequently submitted the board to the Documents and Digital Evidence Branch for examination. In an attempt to recover latent handwritten entries, examinations were conducted utilizing the Foster and Freeman Video Spectral Comparator 6000/Hyper Spectral (VSC 6000/HS). Latent handwritten entries were observed with the use of an excitation band‐pass filter in the range of 485 nm‐610 nm with a longpass barrier filter at 645 nm in front of the camera lens of the VSC 6000/HS. Entries were also recovered and imaged using an alternate light source with the Phase One (P65) imaging system. Multiple latent handwritten entries were recovered utilizing various instruments and lighting techniques. This report discusses the details concerning the examination and the results.
Daily Home Hemodialysis Is an Available Option for Renal Replacement Therapy in Spain
Authors: Vega Almudena , Sequí María José , Abad Soraya , Yuste Claudia , Santos Alba , Macías Nicolás , López‐Gómez Juan M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to analyze the characteristics and survival of patients from our hospital who started home hemodialysis. We analyzed all patients receiving home hemodialysis from 1969 to 2015 (51 patients; age 45 ± 23 years; men 77%). We collected characteristics, hospital admission, and mortality. After a median follow‐up of 43 (22–76) months, we found 0–1 hospital admissions per year. Sixty‐nine percent received a kidney transplant, and the global mortality was 10%. Survival at 5 years was 96%. Mean equivalent renal urea clearance was 15.6 ± 4.2 mL/min, the β‐2 microglobulin reduction rate was 67 ± 18%, the number of antihypertension drugs was 0.7 ± 0.3, and the erythropoietin resistance index was 3.7 ± 2.1 IU/kg/week/g/dL. Daily home hemodialysis is a viable option for renal replacement therapy and should be offered alongside other therapies.
Relevant risk factors for positive lateral margin after en bloc endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Fu Qing Yan , Cui Yun , Li Xiao Bo , Chen Ping , Chen Xiao Yu 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveThis study aimed to systematically assess the relevant risk factors of positive lateral margin (LM) after en bloc resection of early gastric adenocarcinoma.MethodsA total of 242 patients who had undergone endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) due to early gastric lesions from January 2009 to March 2015 were included in the study. Clinicopathological features of the lesions and the risk factors related to positive LM were analyzed.ResultsThe curative rate was 82.2% and positive LM was found in 12.4% of the lesions. Univariate analysis showed that positive LM was significantly associated with the tumor location (at the upper third of the stomach), size (>3 cm), histological findings, the presence of lymphovascular invasion and deeper invasion depth. Moreover, positive LM had a higher incidence of recurrent or residual tumors. A multivariate analysis showed that the location, tumor size and histological classification of tumors were independent risk factors for positive LM.ConclusionsPositive LM is closely related to the upper third of stomach, a tumor larger than 3 cm and a mixed‐type carcinoma. Additionally, positive LM has a predilection for recurrent or residual tumors.
Do Chrysoperla carnea and Adalia bipunctata influence the spread of Cucurbit aphid‐borne yellows virus and its vector Aphis gossypii?
Authors: Garzón A. , Budia F. , Morales I. , Fereres A. , Viñuela E. , Medina P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe effects of two aphidophagous predators, the larvae of Chrysoperla carnea and the adults of Adalia bipunctata, on the spread of Cucurbit aphid‐borne yellows virus (CABYV) transmitted by the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii were studied under semi‐field conditions. Aphids and natural enemies were released inside insect‐proof cages with a CABYV‐infected cucumber plant placed in the centre of the cage and surrounded by 48 healthy cucumber seedlings. The spatiotemporal dynamics of the virus and vector were evaluated in the short (7 days) and long term (14 days) in the presence and absence of each predator. The spatial analysis by distance indices methodology, together with other indices measuring the dispersal around a single focus, was used to assess the spatial pattern and the degree of association between the virus and vector.The presence of C. carnea larvae and A. bipunctata adults induced A. gossypii dispersal after 14 days but not after 7 days. The reduction of the initial aphid population established in the plant located in the centre of each cage was always higher for C. carnea than for A. bipunctata. There was some evidence that the natural enemies affected the spread of CABYV, though more so for C. carnea than for A. bipunctata.This study suggests an influence of both predators on the spread of the aphid, mainly in the long term, but only weak effect of predators in the spread of the viral disease was demonstrated.
Serious complications in male infant circumcisions in Scandinavia indicate that this always be performed as a hospital‐based procedure
Authors: Edler Gertrud , Axelsson Inge , Barker Gillian M. , Lie Susanne , Naumburg Estelle 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAimMore than 7000 male circumcisions are performed in Scandinavia every year. Circumcision is regulated in different ways in Sweden and Denmark and Norway. This study reviewed and described factors associated with complications of circumcision in infant boys in Scandinavia over the last two decades and discussed how these complications could be avoided.MethodsData on significant complications following circumcision on boys under the age of one in Scandinavia over the last 20 years were collected. Information was retrieved from testimonies of circumcisers, witnesses, medical records and verdicts. A systematic review was performed of fatal cases in the literature.ResultsWe found that 32 cases had been reported to the health authorities in the three countries, and we identified a total of 74 complications in these cases. These included four boys with severe bleeding and circulatory shock, which ended in the death of one boy. Other less serious complications may have occurred in other boys, but not been reported.ConclusionComplications following male circumcision in Scandinavia were relatively rare, but serious complications did occur. Based on the analyses of the severe cases, we argue that circumcision should only be performed at hospitals with 24‐hour emergency departments.
Partial autolysis of μ/m‐calpain during post mortem aging of chicken muscle
Authors: Zhao Liang , Jiang Nanqi , Li Miaozhen , Huang Ming , Zhou Guanghong 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to investigate changes occurring in μ/m‐calpain in post mortem chicken muscles and to determine the origin of the unknown bands found in calpain casein zymography. The unknown bands were reported with slightly greater mobility compared to conventional μ/m‐calpain bands in casein zymography. Identification of these bands was accomplished using native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and with protein phosphatase treatment. Results showed that the unknown bands were corresponding to μ/m‐calpain, and dephosphorylation by protein phosphatase did not change their appearance. The calpain samples were then incubated with various concentrations of Ca2+ to determine the relationship between changes in μ/m‐calpain and the appearance of the unknown bands. The products of μ/m‐calpain partial autolysis were found to be consistent with the appearance of the unknown bands. Therefore, the appearance of these bands did not result from phosphorylation of μ/m‐calpain as previously hypothesized, but from partial autolysis of μ/m‐calpain. Also their presence suggests that μ/m‐calpain undergoes partial autolysis during aging which may play certain roles in meat quality improvement.
Orally administered conjugated linoleic acid ameliorates allergic dermatitis induced by repeated applications of oxazolone in mice
Authors: Nakanishi Tomonori , Tokunaga Yuzo , Yamasaki Masao , Erickson Laurie , Kawahara Satoshi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractConjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is one of the constituents of animal products with possible health benefits such as anti‐carcinogenic and anti‐obesity effects. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of CLA using a mouse model of allergic dermatitis. Mice were orally administered either a CLA mixture containing equal amounts of 9c, 11 t‐CLA and 10 t, 12c‐CLA, or high linoleic acid safflower oil, and allergic dermatitis was induced on the ear by repeated topical applications of oxazolone. Oral administration of the CLA mixture but not the high linoleic safflower oil attenuated the symptoms of allergic dermatitis in both ear weights and clinical scores. This effect was associated with decreased levels of ear interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) and plasma immunoglobulin E. The immunomodulatory effects of the CLA isomers were compared by an in vitro cytokine production assay. The results showed that 9c, 11 t‐CLA, the most predominant isomer in animal products, significantly inhibited IL‐4 and interferon‐γ production from mouse splenocytes with similar potency to 10 t, 12c‐CLA. These findings suggest that CLA, a constituent of animal products, has a potentially beneficial effect for amelioration of allergic dermatitis.
How educators build knowledge and expand their practice: The case of open education resources
Authors: Littlejohn Allison , Hood Nina 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe movement toward open education is requiring educators to expand and update their practice in order to keep up with the new demands being placed on them. This study explored how educators can engage in meaningful learning opportunities, which will facilitate the creation of expertise and knowledge, through the use of open education resources (OER). The article describes the design of the instrument employed to measure workplace learning through OER activity of adult educators (n = 522) and to report its internal reliability and convergent validity. Results indicate engagement with OER promote three levels of learning, each connected to the different types of knowledge educators require to integrate OER into their teaching practice.