bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Fractional Viscoelastic Material With Mechanical
Parameters Dependent on Random Temperature
Authors: Alotta G. , Colinas-Armijo N. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
It is well known that mechanical parameters of polymeric materials, e.g., epoxy resin, are strongly influenced by the temperature. On the other hand, in many applications, the temperature is not known exactly during the design process and this introduces uncertainties in the prevision of the behavior also when the stresses are deterministic. For this reason, in this paper, the mechanical behavior of an epoxy resin is characterized by means of a fractional viscoelastic model at different temperatures; then, a simple method to characterize the response of the fractional viscoelastic material at different temperatures modeled as a random variable with assigned probability density function (PDF) subjected to deterministic stresses is presented. It is found that the first- and second-order statistical moments of the response can be easily evaluated only by the knowledge of the PDF of the temperature and the behavior of the parameters with the temperature. Comparison with Monte Carlo simulations is also performed in order to assess the accuracy and the reliability of the method.
Complete Genome Sequences of 12 Isolates of Listeria monocytogenes Belonging to Serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b Obtained from Food Products and Food-Processing Environments in Canada
Authors: Mottawea Walid , Chen Shu , Saleh-Lakha Saleema , Belanger Sebastien , Ogunremi Dele 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Listeria monocytogenes
is the etiological agent for an often fatal foodborne illness known as listeriosis. Here, we present the complete genome sequences of 12
L. monocytogenes
isolates representing the three most common serotypes of this pathogen (1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b), collected in Canada from different food products and environmental sources.
Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus toyonensis VU-DES13, Isolated from
Folsomia candida
(
Collembola
:
Entomobryidae
)
Authors: Janssens Thierry K. S. , de Boer Tjalf E. , Agamennone Valeria , Zaagman Niels , van Straalen Nico M. , Roelofs Dick 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

We present here the draft genome of
Bacillus toyonensis
VU-DES13, which was isolated from the midgut of the soil-living springtail
Folsomia candida
. Previous research revealed the presence of gene clusters for the biosynthesis of various secondary metabolites, including β-lactam antibiotics, in the host's genome. The genome data are discussed in the light of the antimicrobial properties against fungi and oomycetes and a high level of β-lactam resistance of the isolate.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Disinfectant Susceptibility Testing Reference Strain Staphylococcus aureus subsp.
aureus
ATCC 6538
Authors: Makarova Olga , Johnston Paul , Walther Birgit , Rolff Jens , Roesler Uwe 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequence of the methicillin-sensitive
Staphylococcus aureus
subsp.
aureus
strain ATCC 6538 (FDA 209, DSM 799, WDCM 00032, and NCTC 10788).
Analysis of an RNA-seq Strand-Specific Library from an East Timorese Cucumber Sample Reveals a Complete
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus
Genome
Authors: Maina Solomon , Edwards Owain R. , de Almeida Luis , Ximenes Abel , Jones Roger A. C. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Analysis of an RNA-seq library from cucumber leaf RNA extracted from a fast technology for analysis of nucleic acids (FTA) card revealed the first complete genome of
Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus
(CABYV) from East Timor. We compare it with 35 complete CABYV genomes from other world regions. It most resembled the genome of the South Korean isolate HD118.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma bovis Strain 08M
Authors: Chen Shengli , Hao Huafang , Zhao Ping , Gao Pengcheng , He Ying , Ji Wenheng , Wang Zhanhui , Lu Zhongxin , Liu Yongsheng , Chu Yuefeng 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasma bovis
is a major bacterial pathogen that can cause respiratory disease, mastitis, and arthritis in cattle. We report here the complete and annotated genome sequence of
M. bovis
strain 08M, isolated from a calf lung with pneumonia in China.
Draft Genome Sequence of Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp.
equisimilis
Strain C161L1 Isolated in Vellore, India
Authors: Babbar Anshu , Nitsche-Schmitz D. Patric , Pieper Dietmar H. , Barrantes Israel 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Streptococcus dysgalactiae
subsp.
equisimilis
belongs to the β-hemolytic group C and G pyogenic group of streptococci. Here, we report the draft genome of the
S. dysgalactiae
subsp.
equisimilis
strain C161L1 from Vellore, a region in southern India with a high incidence rate of
S. dysgalactiae
subsp.
equisimilis
infection. This genome is 2.1 Mb long, with a 39.82% G+C content, and encodes 2,022 genes.
Medical Residents— Interest in and Current Status of Japanese Postgraduate Education in Acupuncture and Moxibustion: A Follow-Up Survey
Authors: Nakada Yoshinobu , Takashi Masanori , Arai Katsuhiko , Arai Makoto 
Published: May 2017

Background Japanese traditional medicine (Kampo medicine) is an important subject in Japanese medical schools. Acupuncture and moxibustion (AM), essential categories of Kampo medicine, are taught in a few medical schools today. However, the current state of postgraduate AM education is unknown. Objective To compare medical residents’ awareness of AM before their AM education in the 4th year of medical school with that after completion of their 2-year postgraduate medical residency. Methods We conducted a postal questionnaire survey of medical residents at the end of their 2-year residency. We required a signature on this questionnaire so that we could examine for changes in their awareness of AM with those determined by similar, signed, former questionnaire surveys conducted before and at the end of their 4th-year AM lectures in medical school (reported previously). The completed questionnaires were returned by mail or facsimile. Results Among 93 residents, there were 72 (77.4%) effective responses. Only three residents (4%) had opportunities to learn AM during residency. Among the 68 residents who were not afforded the opportunity to do so, after completing their two-year residency, 32(47%) stated that they would like to study AM. Interest in AM was significantly less than that of the proportion of medical students (81%) who were initially interested in AM when surveyed just before their fourth year lectures on AM. Conclusions Postgraduate AM education for medical residents appears to be relatively scarce in Japan. Moreover, medical residents’ levels of interest in AM were lower than those demonstrated before their 4th-year AM lectures in medical school.
Emergency corneal grafting in the UK: a 6-year analysis of the UK Transplant Registry
Authors: Hossain Parwez , Tourkmani Abdo Karim , Kazakos Dimitri , Jones Mark , Anderson David 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundCorneal graft (CG) surgery is the most common and successful tissue transplant worldwide. A small and important group of patients are operated in emergency situations, typically to save a perforated eye. Our knowledge of the indications and outcomes of emergency corneal graft (eCG) is limited.MethodsRetrospective, multifactorial analysis of all CGs registered by the UK Transplant Service from April 1999 to March 2005.ResultsA total of 12 976 CGs were performed. 1330 (11.4%) were eCGs including 433 regrafts. Actual perforation occurred in 876 (65.9%) patients. 420 (31.5%) grafts were for tectonic purposes alone and 217 (16.3%) were also grafted for visual rehabilitation. The main diagnostic categories were infection (39.4%), non-infectious ulcerative keratitis (32.2%) and other causes (ectasias, previous ocular surgery, injury, dystrophies and opacification). Graft survival of first eCG at 1, 2 and 5 years was 78%, 66% and 47%, respectively. Best-corrected visual acuity of surviving grafts at 1 year was: 6/12 or better in 29.9%, 6/18 to 6/60 in 38.4%, counting finger to LP in 30.6% and NPL in 1%, with worsening of vision in only 8.7% of the patients.ConclusionThis study which is the largest of its kind shows that despite the seriousness of the critical corneal pathology and the surgical challenges that it poses, the outcomes of eCG are favourable with most patients keeping their eyesight and avoiding immediate rejection. These clinical outcomes show the value of eye banking facilities that are developed to support corneal tissue supply for eCG.
Comparison of enteral versus intravenous potassium supplementation in hypokalaemia in paediatric patients in intensive care post cardiac surgery: open-label randomised equivalence trial (EIPS)
Authors: Rehman Siddiqu Naveed ur , Merchant Quratulain , Hasan Babar S , Rizvi Arjumand , Amanullah Muneer , Rehmat Amina , ul Haq Anwarul 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThe primary objective was to compare the efficacy of enteral potassium replacement (EPR) and intravenous potassium replacement (IVPR) as first-line therapy. Secondary objectives included comparison of adverse effects and number of doses required to resolve the episode of hypokalaemia.Trial designThe EIPS trial is designed as a randomised, equivalence trial between two treatment arms.Study settingThe study was conducted at the paediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU) at Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.Participants41 patients (aged 1 month to 15 years) who were admitted to PCICU post cardiac surgery were recruited (23 IVPR arm and 18 EPR arm).InterventionIntervention arms were block randomised on alternate weeks for IVPR and EPR.Outcome measureChange in serum potassium levels in (mmol/L) and percentage change after each event of potassium replacement by the intravenous or enteral route.ResultsBoth groups (41 patients) had similar baseline characteristics. Mean age was 4.7 (SD±4) years while the most common surgical procedure was ventricular septal defect repair (12 patients, 29.3%). No mortality was observed in either arm. Four episodes of vomiting and one arrhythmia were seen in the EPR group. After adjusting for age, potassium level at the beginning of the episode, average urine output, inotropic score and diuretic dose, it was found that there was no statistically significant difference in change in potassium levels after EPR and IVPR: 0.86 mmol/L (±0.8) and 0.82 mmol/L (±0.7) respectively (p=0.86, 95% CI −0.08 to 1.10), or percentage change in potassium level after enteral and intravenous replacement: 26% (±30) and 24% (±20) (95% CI −3.42 to 4.03, p=0.87).ConclusionEPR may be an equally efficacious alternative first-line therapy in treating hypokalaemia after surgery in selective patients with congenital heart disease.Ethics and disseminationThis study has been approved by Ethics Review Committee at AKU.Trial registration numberNCT02015962.
Automated control of mechanical ventilation during general anaesthesia: study protocol of a bicentric observational study (AVAS)
Authors: Schädler Dirk , Miestinger Georg , Becher Tobias , Frerichs Inéz , Weiler Norbert , Hörmann Christoph 
Published: May 2017

IntroductionAutomated control of mechanical ventilation during general anaesthesia is not common. A novel system for automated control of most of the ventilator settings was designed and is available on an anaesthesia machine.Methods and analysisThe ‘Automated control of mechanical ventilation during general anesthesia study’ (AVAS) is an international investigator-initiated bicentric observational study designed to examine safety and efficacy of the system during general anaesthesia. The system controls mechanical breathing frequency, inspiratory pressure, pressure support, inspiratory time and trigger sensitivity with the aim to keep a patient stable in user adoptable target zones. Adult patients, who are classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I, II or III, scheduled for elective surgery of the upper or lower limb or for peripheral vascular surgery in general anaesthesia without any additional regional anaesthesia technique and who gave written consent for study participation are eligible for study inclusion. Primary endpoint of the study is the frequency of specifically defined adverse events. Secondary endpoints are frequency of normoventilation, hypoventilation and hyperventilation, the time period between switch from controlled ventilation to assisted ventilation, achievement of stable assisted ventilation of the patient, proportion of time within the target zone for tidal volume, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide as individually set up for each patient by the user, frequency of alarms, frequency distribution of tidal volume, inspiratory pressure, inspiration time, expiration time, end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide and the number of re-intubations.Ethics and disseminationAVAS will be the first clinical study investigating a novel automated system for the control of mechanical ventilation on an anaesthesia machine. The study was approved by the ethics committees of both participating study sites. In case that safety and efficacy are acceptable, a randomised controlled trial comparing the novel system with the usual practice may be warranted.Trial registrationDRKS DRKS00011025, registered 12 October 2016;clinicaltrials.govID.NCT02644005, registered 30 December 2015.
Deep and profound hypothermia in haemorrhagic shock, friend or foe? A systematic review
Authors: Moffatt Samuel E , Mitchell S J B , Walke J L 
Published: May 2017

IntroductionSurvival in exsanguinating cardiac arrest patients is poor, as is neurological outcome in survivors. Hypothermia has traditionally been seen as harmful to trauma patients and associated with increased mortality; however, there has been speculation that cooling to very low temperatures (≤20°C) could be used to treat haemorrhagic trauma patients by the induction of a suspended animation period through extreme cooling, which improves survival and preserves neurological function. This has been termed emergency preservation and resuscitation (EPR).MethodsA systematic review of the literature was used to examine the evidence base behind the use of deep and profound hypothermia in haemorrhagic shock (HS). It included original research articles (human or animal) with cooling to ≤20°C after HS or an experimental model replicating it. Normovolaemic cardiac arrest, central nervous system injury and non-HS models were excluded.ResultsTwenty articles using 456 animal subjects were included, in which 327 were cooled to ≤20°C. All studies describing good survival rates were possible using EPR and 19/20 demonstrated that EPR can preserve neurological function after prolonged periods of circulatory arrest or minimal circulatory flow. This additional period can be used for surgical intervention to arrest haemorrhage in HS that would otherwise be lethal.ConclusionsThe outcomes of this review have significant implications for application to human patients and the ongoing human clinical trial (EPR for Cardiac Arrest from Trauma). Current evidence suggests that hypothermia ≤20°C used in the form of EPR could be beneficial to the HS patient.
TiO2 used as photocatalyst for rhodamine B degradation under solar radiation
Authors: Ariyanti Dessy , Maillot Mathilde , Gao Wei 
Published: May 2017

Transition metal oxide photocatalysis is a relatively new method representing advanced oxidation process to be applied in industrial wastewater treatment especially for degradation of organic pollutants. We investigate TiO2 as a photocatalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under simulated sunlight. Various parameters and their effectiveness have been studied. The effects of processing parameters including catalyst loading and feed concentration were investigated; and the degradation pathway was proposed based on the UHPLC-MS analysis. The result showed that a higher kinetic rate can be obtained by employing low catalyst loading and feed concentration, i.e., 0.5 g/L of TiO2 loading and 5 ppm of RhB concentration, respectively. For this particular system, the optimum degradation rate ([Formula: see text]) can achieve 0.297/min. The effectiveness of solar light-TiO2 system for RhB degradation shows this method can be used for wastewater treatment.
A promising semantics for relaxed-memory concurrency
Authors: Kang Jeehoon , Hur Chung-Kil , Lahav Ori , Vafeiadis Viktor , Dreyer Derek 
Published: May 2017

Despite many years of research, it has proven very difficult to develop a memory model for concurrent programming languages that adequately balances the conflicting desiderata of programmers, compilers, and hardware. In this paper, we propose the first relaxed memory model that (1) accounts for a broad spectrum of features from the C++11 concurrency model, (2) is implementable, in the sense that it provably validates many standard compiler optimizations and reorderings, as well as standard compilation schemes to x86-TSO and Power, (3) justifies simple invariant-based reasoning, thus demonstrating the absence of bad "out-of-thin-air" behaviors, (4) supports "DRF" guarantees, ensuring that programmers who use sufficient synchronization need not understand the full complexities of relaxed-memory semantics, and (5) defines the semantics of racy programs without relying on undefined behaviors, which is a prerequisite for applicability to type-safe languages like Java.
The key novel idea behind our model is the notion of *promises*: a thread may promise to execute a write in the future, thus enabling other threads to read from that write out of order. Crucially, to prevent out-of-thin-air behaviors, a promise step requires a thread-local certification that it will be possible to execute the promised write even in the absence of the promise. To establish confidence in our model, we have formalized most of our key results in Coq.
Interactive proofs in higher-order concurrent separation logic
Authors: Krebbers Robbert , Timany Amin , Birkedal Lars 
Published: May 2017

When using a proof assistant to reason in an embedded logic -- like separation logic -- one cannot benefit from the proof contexts and basic tactics of the proof assistant. This results in proofs that are at a too low level of abstraction because they are cluttered with bookkeeping code related to manipulating the object logic.
In this paper, we introduce a so-called proof mode that extends the Coq proof assistant with (spatial and non-spatial) named proof contexts for the object logic. We show that thanks to these contexts we can implement high-level tactics for introduction and elimination of the connectives of the object logic, and thereby make reasoning in the embedded logic as seamless as reasoning in the meta logic of the proof assistant. We apply our method to Iris: a state of the art higher-order impredicative concurrent separation logic.
We show that our method is very general, and is not just limited to program verification. We demonstrate its generality by formalizing correctness proofs of fine-grained concurrent algorithms, derived constructs of the Iris logic, and a unary and binary logical relation for a language with concurrency, higher-order store, polymorphism, and recursive types. This is the first formalization of a binary logical relation for such an expressive language. We also show how to use the logical relation to prove contextual refinement of fine-grained concurrent algorithms.
Type soundness proofs with definitional interpreters
Authors: Amin Nada , Rompf Tiark 
Published: May 2017

While type soundness proofs are taught in every graduate PL class, the gap between realistic languages and what is accessible to formal proofs is large. In the case of Scala, it has been shown that its formal model, the Dependent Object Types (DOT) calculus, cannot simultaneously support key metatheoretic properties such as environment narrowing and subtyping transitivity, which are usually required for a type soundness proof. Moreover, Scala and many other realistic languages lack a general substitution property.
The first contribution of this paper is to demonstrate how type soundness proofs for advanced, polymorphic, type systems can be carried out with an operational semantics based on high-level, definitional interpreters, implemented in Coq. We present the first mechanized soundness proofs in this style for System F and several extensions, including mutable references. Our proofs use only straightforward induction, which is significant, as the combination of big-step semantics, mutable references, and polymorphism is commonly believed to require coinductive proof techniques.
The second main contribution of this paper is to show how DOT-like calculi emerge from straightforward generalizations of the operational aspects of F, exposing a rich design space of calculi with path-dependent types inbetween System F and DOT, which we dub the System D Square.
By working directly on the target language, definitional interpreters can focus the design space and expose the invariants that actually matter at runtime. Looking at such runtime invariants is an exciting new avenue for type system design.
QWIRE: a core language for quantum circuits
Authors: Paykin Jennifer , Rand Robert , Zdancewic Steve 
Published: May 2017

This paper introduces QWIRE (``choir''), a language for defining quantum circuits and an interface for manipulating them inside of an arbitrary classical host language. QWIRE is minimal---it contains only a few primitives---and sound with respect to the physical properties entailed by quantum mechanics. At the same time, QWIRE is expressive and highly modular due to its relationship with the host language, mirroring the QRAM model of computation that places a quantum computer (controlled by circuits) alongside a classical computer (controlled by the host language).
We present QWIRE along with its type system and operational semantics, which we prove is safe and strongly normalizing whenever the host language is. We give circuits a denotational semantics in terms of density matrices. Throughout, we investigate examples that demonstrate the expressive power of QWIRE, including extensions to the host language that (1) expose a general analysis framework for circuits, and (2) provide dependent types.
Serializability for eventual consistency: criterion, analysis, and applications
Authors: Brutschy Lucas , Dimitrov Dimitar , Müller Peter , Vechev Martin 
Published: May 2017

Developing and reasoning about systems using eventually consistent data stores is a difficult challenge due to the presence of unexpected behaviors that do not occur under sequential consistency. A fundamental problem in this setting is to identify a correctness criterion that precisely captures intended application behaviors yet is generic enough to be applicable to a wide range of applications.
In this paper, we present such a criterion. More precisely, we generalize conflict serializability to the setting of eventual consistency. Our generalization is based on a novel dependency model that incorporates two powerful algebraic properties: commutativity and absorption. These properties enable precise reasoning about programs that employ high-level replicated data types, common in modern systems. To apply our criterion in practice, we also developed a dynamic analysis algorithm and a tool that checks whether a given program execution is serializable.
We performed a thorough experimental evaluation on two real-world use cases: debugging cloud-backed mobile applications and implementing clients of a popular eventually consistent key-value store. Our experimental results indicate that our criterion reveals harmful synchronization problems in applications, is more effective at finding them than prior approaches, and can be used for the development of practical, eventually consistent applications.