bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Tetikkurt Cuneyt 
Published: October 2024

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis is a groundbreaking book designed to provide pulmonary and internal medicine clinicians and healthcare professionals with a comprehensive understanding of this complex lung disease. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and progressive interstitial lung disease characterized by the scarring of lung tissue, leading to difficulty breathing and decreased lung function. Despite its significant impact on quality of life and prognosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis remains poorly understood by many. In this book, clinicians will embark on a journey through the intricacies of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis from its underlying causes to its clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment options, complications, and treatment options in special conditions. Written in accessible language, the book aims to demystify the disease while empowering individuals affected by idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis to actively participate in their care journey.
Key topics covered in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis include Pathophysiology and Etiology: Explore the underlying mechanisms driving the development and progression of IPF, including genetic predispositions, environmental factors, and immune dysregulation. Clinical Presentation: Learn to recognize the signs and symptoms of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including progressive dyspnea, dry cough, fatigue, and unexplained weight loss, and understand the importance of early detection and timely intervention.
Diagnostic Approaches: gain insights into the various diagnostic modalities used to confirm idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), pulmonary function tests (PFTs), bronchoscopy, and surgical lung biopsy, as well as the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration in reaching an accurate diagnosis.
Treatment Strategies: explore the current standards of care for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, including pharmacological interventions such as antifibrotic medications and immunosuppressive therapies, as well as non-pharmacological approaches such as pulmonary rehabilitation, supplemental oxygen therapy, and lung transplantation. Disease Management: Receive practical guidance on managing the symptoms and complications of IPF, optimizing respiratory function, promoting physical and emotional well-being, and navigating the challenges of living with a chronic lung condition. The chapter idippathic pulmonary fibrosis in special conditions comprises the treatment approaches in the elderley and the pregnant patinets.
GRUPOS ESTABELECIDOS E OUTSIDERS NAS AULAS DE EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA ESCOLAR: AVALIAÇÃO E INTERVENÇÃO PEDAGÓGICA
Authors: Muniz Emanuel Max , Starepravo Fernando Augusto 
Published: October 2024

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar como se apresentam os grupos de estabelecidos e outsiders (ELIAS, 2000) no interior da aula de educação física, e como o professor, via processo avaliativo e intervenção pedagógica, reafirma ou minimiza a ação desses grupos. Foi observada uma turma do ensino fundamental de uma escola Estadual do município Guarapuava - Brasil. Um questionário foi aplicado ao professor no final do período da observação, com algumas perguntas referentes à avaliação, se através desta ela reafirma ou minimiza a ação desses grupos. Através da pesquisa de campo notou-se a divisão destes grupos de estabelecidos e outsiders entre os alunos da série pesquisada. A avaliação juntamente com a intervenção do professor até onde foi acompanhada pelos pesquisadores, não influenciou para a diminuição destes grupos.
A REPRESENTAÇÃO SOCIAL E A MASCULINIDADE EM TEXTOS DE 1840 E 1920 DA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pereira Andre Alves , Pontarolo Fabio 
Published: October 2024

O presente estudo faz uma reflexão sobre as expressões das vivências, competências e funções do gênero masculino, circundando categorias que apontam para uma representação social do ser homem. Apresenta através de textos literários de dois autores brasileiros, a masculinidade. Ressalta o aspecto das masculinidades pelo viés do papel dominação – submissão, enfatizando a identidade masculina e a relação com cotidiano social.
Implementation of a Program for Improving Nutrition for Toddler in Sei Kasih Village, Bilah Hilir District, Labuhan Batu District
Authors: Susiani  , Ti Aisyah  , Syamsuddin  , Murniati  , Asrul Fahmi  
Published: October 2024

This research was conducted in Sei Kasih Village, Bilah Hilir District, Labuhan Batu Regency, to determine the implementation of a nutrition improvement program for toddlers in the area. The implementation of the nutritional improvement program for toddlers in Sei Kasih Village, Bilah Hilir District, Labuhan Batu Regency is still not optimal. This is because there are still several problems, namely the provision of additional food (PMT) which is charged, there are still posyandu cadres who do not understand about providing additional food and the facilities are inadequate. Village budget funds amount to Rp. 7,800,000 per year is used to pay salaries for toddler posyandu cadres and additional food consumption. However, these funds are still insufficient because toddlers' visits to posyandu are erratic. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques including observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the research show that there are still children who are malnourished, and other problems are the lack of guidance and lack of communication between posyandu cadres and parents of toddlers. There are 2 nutrition improvement programs implemented, namely toddler health service activities and providing additional food. This research hopes to contribute to improving the nutritional quality of children under five in the region.
Effect of different nitrogen fertilizer rates on wheat yield under the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions of Nangarhar province
Authors: Baber Bakht Munir , Hashemi Tariqullah , Durani Asmatullah , Aryan Shafiqullah , Zahid Tayabullah , Gulab Gulbuddin , Amini Abdul Hakim 
Published: October 2024

Nitrogen is one of the essential and primary elements among plant nutrients and it is mainly around 30% accessible to plants as applied. Nitrogen is losing around 70% from the soil due to multiple factors. Therefore, the excessive nitrogen fertilizer application rate can cause soil, air, and underground water pollution and increasing temperature and can create different disorders. Thus, an experiment was conducted to find a suitable nitrogen fertilizer rate to improve the production of PBW-154 wheat variety under arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. The experiment consisted of seven different nitrogen rates, T1 0, T2 80, T3 100, T4 120, T5 160, and T7 180 kg ha-1. Nitrogen was split 25% at germination and initial vegetative growth stage, while the remaining 50% was applied at tillering and flowering stages. Data was collected for vegetative (plant height, number of leaves, number of tillers) and reproductive (length of spike, number of grains per spike, 1000 grains weight, yield kg/ha) growth parameters accordingly. The results revealed that significantly (P < 0.05) higher values of vegetative growth and reproductive growth parameters, including production weight, were observed in the T6 treatment compared to other treatments. Additionally, the T6 treatment exhibited the highest yield (39.2 gr weight of 1000 grains and 4.47 tons/ha of grains weight). It increased by 41 % suitable nitrogen fertilizer application rate under the arid and semi-arid climatic conditions. The suitable nitrogen rate for arid and semi-arid climatic conditions is 160 kg ha-1 compared to 180 kg ha-1 and above. It could reduce the extra expenses of the farmers, protect the air, soil, and water from pollution, and increase the benefit-cost ratio of field cultivation for the reference crop.
Anti-G StraiAnti-G Straining Maneuver
Authors: Pires Junior Paulo , De Paula Lima Tainah , Teixeira Guimarães Thiago , De Araújo Leite Breno Ricardo , Percival Calderaro Calvo Adriano , Bezerra Coutinho André Brand 
Published: October 2024

Background: Increasingly valuable, sophisticated, and powerful aircraft are developed and incorporated into the armed forces. Technological advances are notable for increasing physiological load during the flight, making human resources a limiting factor in such operations. It is necessary to understand the physiological demands to which aircraft pilots are exposed, especially combat pilots. Objective: This study aimed to present: i. the physiological consequences on the human body due to high accelerative forces during high-performance flights; ii. the efficiency of the Anti-G Straining Maneuver (AGSM) countermeasure to such consequences; and iii. the state of the art about surface electromyography's uses (sEMG) in AGSM. Method: It was conducted a bibliographic search in the PubMed database using the keywords “anti-G effort maneuver” and “electromyography” and their synonyms. After this, a narrative review of the results was performed. This research model allows a comprehensive discussion about the topic, enabling an in-depth contextualization in a prosperous field of study. These characteristics are suitable for detecting literature gaps and directing the research discussion. Discussion: There is a consensus in the literature that AGSM is the most effective resource to prevent loss of consciousness induced by G-load (G-LOC). The sEMG is an affordable and useful tool for AGSM training, especially given the unavailability of human centrifuges. The current literature on the application of sEMG in the context of AGSM training is limited, presenting a diversity of objectives, methodology, and analyzed parameters. Conclusion: The use of sEMG as real-time biofeedback can improve the pilot's muscle control skills during AGSM.
Feasibility and acceptability pilot study of an online weight loss program in rural, underserved communities
Authors: Oliveira Ashleigh , Alfouzan Nouf , Yu Jin , Yahya Asma , Lammy Kayla , Wright Mary Liz , Reinhold Diane , Peterson Lisa , Brewer Ashley , Liechty Janet , Nakamura Manabu T. 
Published: October 2024

Background
The purpose of this intervention was to investigate the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness of an online weight loss program, EMPOWER, in rural, underserved communities.

Methods
Adults with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 living in rural counties were recruited through collaboration with University of Illinois Extension. The intervention lasted 1 year including online educations sessions, nutrition and lifestyle coaching, and diet and weight monitoring via a novel web application, MealPlot. Feasibility was measured by enrollment attainment, participant retention, online education session completion, and completion of anthropometric and dietary measures. Acceptability was measured by survey using Likert scales of satisfaction for all program components. Anthropometric measurements, 24-h dietary records, and food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) were measures of program efficacy. Additionally, two interviews were collected for program feedback.

Results
Enrollment of 16 participants was attained, however due to higher than anticipated dropout (retention 62.5%, N = 10) at 3-months, 62.5% of the education sessions were completed and 75.0% of anthropometric and dietary measures. The average satisfaction rating for the comprehensive program was 4.2/5 with lowest satisfaction being the MealPlot web application 2.7/5 (N = 11). On average a clinically significant (≥5% baseline weight) weight loss of 6.2 ± 6.0% body weight or 5.7 ± 5.3 kg and improvements to protein and fiber intake at 12 months (N = 10) were observed.

Conclusions
A novel online weight loss program showed adequate to strong feasibility and acceptability and preliminary results indicating efficacy among a pilot sample of rural residents. Future studies are required to investigate means of improving retention and reducing the burden on program collaborators.
Diagnostic and Surgico-therapeutic Management of Perineal Tumour in Dogs
Authors: Kaushik Vishal , Jain Reshma , Parihar Atul S. , Shrivastava Niddhi , Shukla B. P. , Gaur Megha 
Published: October 2024

The benign perianal tumour form comprises more than 80% and is third most common tumour in male dogs. The present study was planned to record the cases of perineal tumour, their diagnosis and management. Their age, sex, breed, size of tumour and clinical history were recorded. Clinical, physical, radiographic and ultrasonographic examination of affected dogs were also done accordingly.
In uncastrated male dogs first castration was done 2-4 weeks before excision of tumour via open prescrotal castration method. Corrective surgery was performed for tumour excision in 9 dogs under general anaesthesia as per the standard technique. Two dogs diagnosed with venereal granuloma, were treated by using the chemotherapeutic protocol.
During the study of perineal affection, 11 cases of perineal tumour were recorded in intact male dogs. Indian Spitz breed was most commonly affected followed by other breeds. Varying size of perineal tumours were recorded along with anorexia, faecal and urinary incontinence. Radiographic examination and Ultrasonography were also done to determine the nature and extent of perineal swelling for accurate removable of growth without any complications.
In the haematological studies, there was significant decrease in neutrophil and increase in lymphocyte and monocyte count. Biochemical parameters indicated a non-significant decline. In cytological and histopathological analysis, it was confirmed that 5 dogs had perianal adenoma, 2 had perianal epithelioma, 2 had venereal granuloma, 1 had anal gland adenoma and 1 had adenocarcinoma. Perianal adenoma could be managed successfully by surgical excision with castration. Venereal granuloma growth in perineal region could be corrected successfully with chemotherapeutic protocol with good outcome.
District Level Child and Women Nutritional Status in Andhra Pradesh State of India-Food Based Intervention Options for Improvement and Associated Issues
Authors: Prasanna P.A.Lakshmi , B.Sreedevi  , Reddy J.Rajashekar 
Published: October 2024

In this study, an attempt has been made to analyse changes in district level child and women nutritional status in Andhra Pradesh, using two latest National Family Health Survey (NFHS) data pertaining to years 2015-16 and 2019-20. Computing standardized undernutrition, over nutrition and anaemia index, priority districts under the three nutritional issues were identified. Regression analysis indicated that per capita income was able to explain only very low percentage of variation in various nutritional indicators across the districts. Then progress in ongoing efforts towards improving nutritional status through distribution of fortified rice, and development of bio-fortified varieties are documented and associated issues were discussed. Need for co-ordination between different food-based programs for nutritional security, building specific value chains targeting specific consumer category, enforcement of food safety and monitoring mechanisms for proper compliance and implementation of the programs, were identified for accelerating improvement in nutritional status in the state.
QSAR Modelling of Novel Coumarin Derivatives for MAO-B Inhibition
Authors: Kambo Konan René , Kouman Koffi Charles , Akonan Ludovic , Abou Akoun , Megnassan Eugene , Kakou-Yao Rita , Tenon Abodou Jules 
Published: October 2024

We report here the design of new inhibitors against human monoamine oxidase (hMAO-B) as potential treatment of Parkinson’s disease. We have completed computer-aided molecular design of MAO-B inhibitors by In situ modification of the reference crystal structure of 7-(3-chlorobenzyloxy)-4-(methylamino) methyl-coumarin cocrystallized (COU1) in complex with MAO-B (Protein Data Bank (PDB) entry code: 2v61) using MM-PB approach. A QSAR model built for a training set of 29 COUs with reported inhibitory activities (IC50exp) displayed a significant correlation between the computed relative Gibbs free energies (rGFE, ∆∆Gcom) of MAO-B – inhibitor complex formation and IC50exp (pIC50exp = -0.22.∆∆Gcom +7.73; R2 = 0.93). With this QSAR model we were able to explain almost 93% of the variation of observed inhibition data. The predictive capability of the QSAR model was validate by generating the 3D QSAR MAO-B inhibition Pharmacophore (PH4) the estimated IC50pred of which displayed a non-less significant correlation with the observed IC50exp (R2 = 0.91) making this PH4 a reliable chemical space virtual screening tool. Deep analysis of MAO-B – inhibitor interactions at the enzyme active site suggested structural information about interesting building blocks for enumerating a large and diverse virtual combinatorial library (VCL) of 67,949 analogues of the reference inhibitor (COU1). The best PH4 mapping hit emerging from the virtual screening displays a half-maximal inhibitory concentration of 20 pM. Combining molecular modeling and PH4 model resulted in proposed novel potent anti-Parkinson’s agent candidates with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. Despite the lack of Molecular Dynamics (MD) check of the conformational stability of novel predicted potent analogues, the resulting PH4, as virtual screening tool, can help processing larger databases in search of coumarin scaffold bearing MAO-B inhibitors.
Ancient water supports today's energy needs
Authors: D'Odorico Paolo , Natyzak Jennifer L. , Castner Elizabeth A. , Davis Kyle F. , Emery Kyle A. , Gephart Jessica A. , Leach Allison M. , Pace Michael L. , Galloway James N. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe water footprint for fossil fuels typically accounts for water utilized in mining and fuel processing, whereas the water footprint of biofuels assesses the agricultural water used by crops through their lifetime. Fossil fuels have an additional water footprint that is not easily accounted for: ancient water that was used by plants millions of years ago, before they were transformed into fossil fuel. How much water is mankind using from the past to sustain current energy needs? We evaluate the link between ancient water virtually embodied in fossil fuels to current global energy demands by determining the water demand required to replace fossil fuels with biomass produced with water from the present. Using equal energy units of wood, bioethanol, and biodiesel to replace coal, natural gas, and crude oil, respectively, the resulting water demand is 7.39 × 1013 m3 y−1, approximately the same as the total annual evaporation from all land masses and transpiration from all terrestrial vegetation. Thus, there are strong hydrologic constraints to a reliance on biofuel energy produced with water from the present because the conversion from fossil fuels to biofuels would have a disproportionate and unsustainable impact on the modern water. By using fossil fuels to meet today's energy needs, we are virtually using water from a geological past. The water cycle is insufficient to sustain the production of the fuel presently consumed by human societies. Thus, non‐fuel‐based renewable energy sources are needed to decrease mankind's reliance on fossil fuel energy without placing an overwhelming pressure on global freshwater resources.
The anatomy of a wrinkle ridge revealed in the wall of Melas Chasma, Mars
Authors: Cole Hank M. , Andrews‐Hanna Jeffrey C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWrinkle ridges are among the most common tectonic structures on the terrestrial planets and provide important records of the history of planetary strain and geodynamics. The observed broad arches and superposed narrow wrinkles are thought to be the surface manifestation of blind thrust faults, which terminate in near‐surface volcanic sequences and cause folding and layer‐parallel shear. However, the subsurface tectonic architecture associated with the ridges remains a matter of debate. Here we present direct observations of a wrinkle ridge thrust fault where it has been exposed by erosion in the southern wall of Melas Chasma on Mars. The thrust fault has been made resistant to erosion, likely due to volcanic intrusion, such that later erosional widening of the trough exposed the fault plane as a 70 km long ridge extending into the chasma. A plane fit to this ridge crest reveals a thrust fault with a dip of 13° (+8°, −7°) between 1 and 3.5 km depth below the plateau surface, with no evidence for listric character in this depth range. This dip is significantly lower than the commonly assumed value of 30°, which, if representative of other wrinkle ridges, indicates that global contraction on Mars may have been previously underestimated.
Screening of conventional anticonvulsants in a genetic mouse model of epilepsy
Authors: Hawkins Nicole A. , Anderson Lyndsey L. , Gertler Tracy S. , Laux Linda , George Alfred L. , Kearney Jennifer A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy is a common neurological disorder that affects 1% of the population. Approximately, 30% of individuals with epilepsy are refractory to treatment, highlighting the need for novel therapies. Conventional anticonvulsant screening relies predominantly on induced seizure models. However, these models may not be etiologically relevant for genetic epilepsies. Mutations in SCN1A are a common cause of Dravet Syndrome, a severe epileptic encephalopathy. Dravet syndrome typically begins in infancy with seizures provoked by fever and then progresses to include afebrile pleomorphic seizure types. Affected children respond poorly to available anticonvulsants. Scn1a+/− heterozygous knockout mice recapitulate features of Dravet syndrome and provide a potential screening platform to investigate novel therapeutics. In this study, we conducted a screening of conventional anticonvulsants in Scn1a+/− mice to establish assays that most closely correlate with human response data.MethodsOn the basis of clinical response data from a large, single center, retrospective survey of Dravet syndrome case records, we selected nine drugs for screening in Scn1a+/− mice to determine which phenotypic measures correlate best with human therapeutic response. We evaluated several screening paradigms and incorporated pharmacokinetic monitoring to establish drug exposure levels.ResultsScn1a+/− mice exhibited responses to anticonvulsant treatment similar to those observed clinically. Sodium channel blockers were not effective or exacerbated seizures in Scn1a+/− mice. Overall, clobazam was the most effective anticonvulsant in Scn1a+/− mice, consistent with its effect in Dravet syndrome.InterpretationGenetic models of spontaneous epilepsy provide alternative screening platforms and may augment the AED development process. In this study, we established an effective screening platform that pharmacologically validated Scn1a+/− mice for preclinical screening of potential Dravet syndrome therapeutics.
Domino Reaction of ortho‐Carbonylated Alkyne‐Substituted Arylaldehydes with Arylsulfinic Acids: Efficient Access to Sulfonyl‐Functionalized Indanones
Authors: Meng Xin , Zhu Hongbo , Chen Guang , Tian Laijin , Sun Xuejun , Cao Ziping , You Jinmao 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn acid‐mediated domino reaction of ortho‐carbonylated alkynyl arylaldehydes with arylsulfinic acids provides rapid access to a variety of sulfonyl‐functionalized indanones in high yields. The proposed reaction mechanism involves a domino process that comprises the hydrolysis of an ynone motif, a Knoevenagel condensation reaction, and a thia‐Michael addition reaction. Thus, a one‐step operation enables the formation of C−C and C−S bonds. This transformation benefits from simple reaction conditions, readily available starting materials, and good substrate scope.