bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological characteristics of KIT and protein kinase C‐δ expression in adenoid cystic carcinoma: comparison with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumour
Authors: Park Cheol Keun , Kim Won Kyu , Kim Hoguen 
Published: May 2017

AimsKIT overexpression is frequently observed in adenoid cystic carcinomas (AdCCs), chromophobe renal cell carcinomas (ChRCCs), and gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GISTs). Persistent KIT activation has been reported to be mediated by protein kinase C (PKC)‐δ in a subset of colon cancers with wild‐type KIT overexpression, and by PKC‐θ in GISTs with mutant KIT overexpression. To elucidate the clinical implications of PKC‐δ and PKC‐θ expression in KIT‐expressing tumours, we investigated the expression of KIT, PKC‐δ and PKC‐θ in AdCCs and ChRCCs in comparison with GISTs.Methods and resultsKIT expression, PKC‐δ expression and PKC‐θ expression were analysed in whole sections from 41 AdCCs, 40 ChRCCs and 56 GISTs by immunohistochemistry. Membranous expression of KIT was found in 34 AdCCs and all ChRCCs, whereas cytoplasmic expression of KIT was found in 46 GISTs. In AdCCs, PKC‐δ expression was associated with histological grade (P = 0.049), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.004), perineural invasion (P = 0.002), and KIT positivity (P = 0.002). PKC‐δ positivity was associated with shorter relapse‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.017) and a tendency for there to be shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.090) in patients with AdCCs. No clinicopathological associations were observed between PKC‐δ and KIT expression in ChRCCs. In GISTs, PKC‐θ expression was associated with higher mitotic count (P = 0.011) and high grade according to the modified National Institutes of Health criteria (P < 0.001). PKC‐θ positivity was associated with shorter RFS (P = 0.016) and a tendency for there to be shorter OS (P = 0.051) in patients with GISTs.ConclusionsPKC‐δ expression is associated with KIT expression and the prognosis of patients with AdCCs, suggesting that PKC‐δ may be a potential therapeutic target for AdCCs.
Development of an epitope panel for consistent identification of antigen‐specific T‐cells in humans
Authors: Fløe Andreas , Løppke Caroline , Hilberg Ole , Wejse Christian , Brix Liselotte , Jacobsen Kivin 
Published: May 2017

SummaryWe aimed to establish a panel of MHC–peptide multimers suitable as a positive control in the detection of HLA A*0201 restricted antigen specific T cells (ASTC) by flow cytometry. MHC Dextramers were loaded with HLA A*0201 binding peptides from viral antigens and melanoma targets identified from a literature search and in silico prediction. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy donors were analysed with the MHC Dextramers using flow cytometry. The best performing epitopes were tested on PBMC from patients undergoing testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection to assess the coverage of this epitope panel. Of 21 candidate epitopes, ASTC could be detected against 12 (57·1%) in at least one of 18 healthy blood donors. Reactivity to two or more epitopes was seen in 17 of the 18 donors (94·4%). We selected the six best‐performing epitopes and demonstrated a positive response in 42 (97·7%) of 43 patient samples (healthy, latent and active M. tuberculosis infection). The selected panel of six antigenic epitopes sufficed as a positive control in the detection of ASTC in HLA A*0201. Performance was robust in different stages of latent and active M. tuberculosis infection, indicating reliability also during infection.
Medication compliance and clinical outcomes of fixed‐dose combinations vs free combinations of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and a calcium channel blocker in hypertension treatment
Authors: Tung Ying‐Chang , Huang Yu‐Chang , Wu Lung‐Sheng , Chang Chee‐Jen , Chu Pao‐Hsien 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUsing the National Health Insurance Research Database of Taiwan, the authors identified 1136 patients taking fixed‐dose combination and 4544 patients taking free combinations of an angiotensin II receptor blocker and a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker from January 2009 to December 2012. At a mean follow‐up of 2.1 years, the fixed‐dose combination was associated with improved medication adherence and persistence and better survival free from major adverse cardiac events and hospitalization for heart failure compared with the free combination regimens.
Lipoprotein ratios are better than conventional lipid parameters in predicting arterial stiffness in young men
Authors: Wen Jianghua , Zhong Yuyu , Kuang Chaoqun , Liao Jierong , Chen Zhijin , Yang Qiong 
Published: May 2017

Although dyslipidemia is associated with cardiovascular disease, there are conflicting data about the role of serum lipids and their ratios in promoting arterial stiffness. The authors aimed to compare serum lipid profiles to predict arterial stiffness, which was assessed by brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity in young Chinese men. A total of 1015 participants aged 18 to 44 years without serious comorbidities were recruited for conventional detection. Anthropometrics, brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity, serum lipids, and other laboratory data were measured. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were performed to examine the relationship between serum lipid profiles and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity. Participants with high brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity exhibited higher levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), total cholesterol/HDL‐C, TG/HDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL‐C, and non–HDL‐C/HDL‐C. The subsequent multivariable logistic regression showed that TG/HDL‐C, total cholesterol/HDL‐C, non–HDL‐C/HDL‐C, and TG significantly increased the risk for arterial stiffness after adjustment for confounding factors. Results indicate that lipid ratios are superior to conventional lipid parameters for predicting arterial stiffness in young men and that the TG/HDL‐C ratio has the strongest association with arterial stiffness.
Evaluation of the skeletal and dental effects in orthodontic patients with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis
Authors: Buyuk Suleyman K. , Ozkan Serkan , Benkli Y. Atakan , Arslan Akif , Celik Ersan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the transverse dimension of the dentoalveolar and skeletal widths in both unilateral (UMLIA) and bilateral (BMLIA) maxillary lateral incisor agenesis groups.Materials and MethodsThe study sample consisted of 59 patients (34 females and 25 males) divided into three groups as UMLIA group (16 patients; 14.94 ± 1.37 years), BMLIA group (21 patients; 14.46 ± 1.53 years) and control group (22 patients; 15.28 ± 1.70 years) without tooth agenesis. Transversal measurements (maxillary and mandibular intercanine, interpremolar, intermolar, intercanine alveolar, interpremolar alveolar, intermolar alveolar widths) were done on dental casts. Craniofacial skeletal measurements were done with posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs. Statistical testing was performed with the one‐way variance analysis, Kruskal‐Wallis and post hoc tests.ResultsUMLIA and BMLIA groups had statistically significantly narrower skeletal apical base of the maxilla, maxillary intercanine and intercanine alveolar widths compared with the control group (P < .05). Moreover, UMLIA and BMLIA groups had statistically significantly similar dental, alveolar and skeletal features (P > .05).ConclusionsThe UMLIA and BMLIA groups showed statistically significantly smaller values for maxillary intercanine, maxillary intercanine alveolar and skeletal maxillary widths compared with the control group.CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCEThis study provides information the transverse dimension of the dental, alveolar and skeletal widths with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients. Knowledge of transverse dimension of the dental, alveolar and skeletal widths with maxillary lateral incisor agenesis patients is important for diagnosis and treatment planning.
A modified colorectal screening score for prediction of advanced neoplasia: A prospective study of 5744 subjects
Authors: Sung Joseph J Y , Wong Martin C S , Lam Thomas Y T , Tsoi Kelvin K F , Chan Victor C W , Cheung Wilson , Ching Jessica Y L 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground and AimWe validated a modified risk algorithm based on the Asia‐Pacific Colorectal Screening (APCS) score that included body mass index (BMI) for prediction of advanced neoplasia.MethodsAmong 5744 Chinese asymptomatic screening participants undergoing a colonoscopy in Hong Kong from 2008 to 2012, a random sample of 3829 participants acted as the derivation cohort. The odds ratios for significant risk factors identified by binary logistic regression analysis were used to build a scoring system ranging from 0 to 6, divided into “average risk” (AR): 0; “moderate risk” (MR): 1–2; and “high risk” (HR): 3–6. The other 1915 subjects formed a validation cohort, and the performance of the score was assessed.ResultsThe prevalence of advanced neoplasia in the derivation and validation cohorts was 5.4% and 6.0%, respectively (P = 0.395). Old age, male gender, family history of colorectal cancer, smoking, and BMI were significant predictors in multivariate regression analysis. A BMI cut‐off at > 23 kg/m2 had better predictive capability and lower number needed to screen than that of > 25 kg/m2. Utilizing the score developed, 8.4%, 57.4%, and 34.2% in the validation cohort were categorized as AR, MR, and HR, respectively. The corresponding prevalence of advanced neoplasia was 3.8%, 4.3%, and 9.3%. Subjects in the HR group had 2.48‐fold increased prevalence of advanced neoplasia than the AR group. The c‐statistics of the modified score had better discriminatory capability than that using predictors of APCS alone (c‐statistics = 0.65 vs 0.60).ConclusionsIncorporating BMI into the predictors of APCS score was found to improve risk prediction of advanced neoplasia and reduce colonoscopy resources.
Factors Influencing Resilience of Burn Patients in South Korea
Authors: Jang Mi Heui , Park Jongui , Chong Mi Kyong , Sok Sohyune R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeTo examine and identify the factors influencing the degree of resilience among Korean burn patients.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive design was employed.MethodsThe study sample consisted of 138 burn patients recovering from the acute phase in H hospital, Seoul. The male patient participants numbered 93 (67.4%) and the female participants numbered 45 (32.6%). The average age of the participants was 46.79 years. Measures used were the Beck Depression Inventory, State Trait Anxiety Inventory, self‐esteem scale, family support scale, and resilience scale.FindingsThe analyses showed that the prediction model for resilience among burn patients was significant (F = 33.94, p < .001). The value of the adjusted R2 was 0.492, which corresponds to the explanatory power of 49.2%. The factor that was found to have the most influence on resilience among burn patients was self‐esteem (β = .35), followed by family support (β = .29).ConclusionsThis study provides preliminary evidence that self‐esteem is a major and primary predictor of resilience among burn patients, next followed by family support.Clinical RelevanceIn the nursing practice, nurses need to pay attention to the burn patient's self‐esteem and family support. Concrete interventions and strategies to improve the resilience of burn patients are needed.
Statistical shape modelling of hip and lumbar spine morphology and their relationship in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development
Authors: Pavlova Anastasia V. , Saunders Fiona R. , Muthuri Stella G. , Gregory Jennifer S. , Barr Rebecca J. , Martin Kathryn R. , Hardy Rebecca J. , Cooper Rachel , Adams Judith E. , Kuh Diana , Aspden Richard M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe anatomical shape of bones and joints is important for their proper function but quantifying this, and detecting pathological variations, is difficult to do. Numerical descriptions would also enable correlations between joint shapes to be explored. Statistical shape modelling (SSM) is a method of image analysis employing pattern recognition statistics to describe and quantify such shapes from images; it uses principal components analysis to generate modes of variation describing each image in terms of a set of numerical scores after removing global size variation. We used SSM to quantify the shapes of the hip and the lumbar spine in dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) images from 1511 individuals in the MRC National Survey of Health and Development at ages 60–64 years. We compared shapes of both joints in men and women and hypothesised that hip and spine shape would be strongly correlated. We also investigated associations with height, weight, body mass index (BMI) and local (hip or lumber spine) bone mineral density. In the hip, all except one of the first 10 modes differed between men and women. Men had a wider femoral neck, smaller neck‐shaft angle, increased presence of osteophytes and a loss of the femoral head/neck curvature compared with women. Women presented with a flattening of the femoral head and greater acetabular coverage of the femoral head. Greater weight was associated with a shorter, wider femoral neck and larger greater and lesser trochanters. Taller height was accompanied by a flattening of the curve between superior head and neck and a larger lesser trochanter. Four of the first eight modes describing lumbar spine shape differed between men and women. Women tended to have a more lordotic spine than men with relatively smaller but caudally increasing anterior‐posterior (a‐p) vertebral diameters. Men were more likely to have a straighter spine with larger vertebral a‐p diameters relative to vertebral height than women, increasing cranially. A weak correlation was found between body weight and a‐p vertebral diameter. No correlations were found between shape modes and height in men, whereas in women there was a weak positive correlation between height and evenness of spinal curvature. Linear relationships between hip and spine shapes were weak and inconsistent in both sexes, thereby offering little support for our hypothesis.In conclusion, men and women entering their seventh decade have small but statistically significant differences in the shapes of their hips and their spines. Associations with height, weight, BMI and BMD are small and correspond to subtle variations whose anatomical significance is not yet clear. Correlations between hip and spine shapes are small.
Retracted: Oral misoprostol alone versus oral misoprostol and Foley's catheter for induction of labor: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Husain Samia , Husain Sonia , Izhar Rubina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of oral misoprostol and Foley's catheter versus oral misoprostol alone for induction of labor.MethodsThis open‐label randomized controlled trial included 335 women requiring induction of labor. A total of 166 women were randomly allocated to induction with oral misoprostol alone and 169 women were assigned for induction with Foley's balloon catheter and oral misoprostol using a computer‐generated allocation sequence. The primary outcome was rate of failure to achieve vaginal delivery within 24 h of induction.ResultsThe proportion of women failing to achieve vaginal delivery within 24 h in the combination group was lower (11.8% vs 28.7%, P = 0.001). When the two groups were stratified according to parity, the difference remained statistically significant only for parous women. The median induction‐to‐delivery interval (13.0 h vs 19 h, P = 0.000) and the median number of doses of misoprostol used (2 vs 3, P = 0.000) were lower in the combination group. The number of women who delivered vaginally in the combination group was significantly higher (91% vs 79%, P = 0.001). More neonates born to women in the misoprostol group had Apgar scores < 7 and were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (P = 0.016 and P = 0.007, respectively).ConclusionThe rate of failure to achieve vaginal delivery within 24 h was lower with Foley's balloon and oral misoprostol as compared to oral misoprostol alone.
Combined impact of healthy lifestyle factors on lifespan: two prospective cohorts
Authors: Larsson S. C. , Kaluza J. , Wolk A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe impact of multiple healthy lifestyle factors on survival time is unclear.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine differences in survival time associated with a healthy lifestyle versus a less healthy lifestyle.MethodsThis study consisted of 33 454 men (Cohort of Swedish Men) and 30 639 women (Swedish Mammography Cohort) aged 45–83 years and free of cancer and cardiovascular disease at baseline. The healthy lifestyle factors included the following: (i) nonsmoking; (ii) physical activity at least 150 min per week; (iii) alcohol consumption of 0–14 drinks per week; (iv) and healthy diet defined as a modified Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Diet score above the median. Cox proportional hazards regression models and Laplace regression were used to estimate, respectively, hazard ratios of all‐cause mortality and differences in survival time.ResultsDuring follow‐up from 1998 through 2014, 8630 deaths amongst men and 6730 deaths amongst women were ascertained through linkage to the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Each of the four healthy lifestyle factors was inversely associated with all‐cause mortality and increased survival time. Compared with individuals with no or one healthy lifestyle factor, the multivariable hazard ratios of all‐cause mortality for individuals with all four health behaviours were 0.47 (95% 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.44–0.51) in men and 0.39 (95% CI: 0.35–0.44) in women. This corresponded to a difference in survival time of 4.1 (95% CI: 3.6–4.6) years in men and 4.9 (95% CI: 4.3–5.6) years in women.ConclusionAdopting healthy lifestyle behaviours may markedly increase lifespan.
Differences in Lip Support with and without Labial Flanges in a Maxillary Edentulous Population. Part 4: Patient‐Centered Analysis
Authors: Bidra Avinash S. , Touloumi Foteini , Wu Rong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeTo study the subjective differences in facial esthetics evaluations and the ability to distinguish facial changes due to changes in lip support, when evaluated by patients themselves. An additional objective was to study the differences between patients’ self‐evaluation versus evaluation of other patients.Materials and MethodsA total of 22 maxillary edentulous patients from the original sample of 31 patients described in Part 1 of the study, returned to participate in this part of the study. The 22 patients acted as judges for all images in this study, and were therefore un‐blinded to the objectives and details of the study. Patients first completed evaluation of facial esthetics on a visual analog scale (VAS). Four digital images per patient (total of 88 images) were evaluated in a random order, twice by all 22 patients. The mean scores from all judgments were used as the outcomes to be analyzed. All patients then took a discriminatory sensory analysis test (triangle test) where they were required to correctly identify the image with a flangeless denture out of a set of 3 images. Both the VAS and triangle test ratings were conducted twice in a random order, and mean ratings were used for all analyses.ResultsFor VAS analysis, there were no statistically significant or clinically significant differences in facial esthetics ratings between flange and flangeless dentures (p < 0.05). This was true for both profile and frontal images, irrespective of self‐evaluation versus evaluation of other patients, years of patient edentulism, and judge (patient) gender. For the triangle test, frontal images had a correct identification rate of 50.2% and profile images of 50.4%, and the difference was not significant. There were no significant differences in triangle test results with respect to self‐evaluation versus evaluation of other patients and judge (patient) gender. For all patients, the likelihood of correctly identifying images with flangeless dentures was significantly greater than 1/3, which was the minimum chance for correct identification (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsFlangeless dentures resulted in no differences in facial esthetics ratings for frontal and profile images, when evaluated by patients. When patients were forced to look for differences, flangeless dentures were detected in half of the image sets. These findings were similar for self‐evaluation versus evaluation of other patients and for both patient genders.
How people from Chinese backgrounds make sense of and respond to the experiences of mental distress: Thematic analysis
Authors: Yeung E. Y. W. , Irvine F. , Ng S. M. , Tsang K. M. S. 
Published: May 2017

Accessible SummaryRationale for the study

Many Chinese people do not contact mental health services when they first develop mental health problems. It is therefore important to find out reasons for low uptake of services so that strategies can be identified to promote early intervention.

What is already known about the topic?

Most Chinese people only come into contact with mental health services during crisis situations.

Language difference, lack of knowledge of mainstream services and stigma attached to mental health problems are barriers to access and utilize mental health services.

What the study adds to the international evidence?

Chinese people apply both Western medication and traditional healing to manage distress caused by mental health problems.

Because of the extreme stigma associated with mental health problems, Chinese people are reluctant to accept support from their own cultural groups outside their family. Family plays a major role in caring for relatives with mental health problems.

Families are prepared to travel across the world in search of folk healing if not available in Western societies.

What are the implications for practice?

It is important to recognize the different approaches to understanding and managing mental health problems among Chinese people, otherwise they will be dissuaded from engaging with mental health services if their beliefs are disregarded and invalidated.

Services that involve Chinese speaking mental health workers can address the issue of language differences and sensitive mental health issues within the Chinese community.

AbstractIntroductionLate presentation and low utilization of mental health services are common among Chinese populations. An understanding of their journey towards mental health care helps to identify timely and appropriate intervention.AimWe aimed to examine how Chinese populations make sense of the experiences of mental distress, and how this understanding influences their pathways to mental health care.MethodWe undertook in‐depth interviews with fourteen people with mental health problems (MHPs) and sixteen family members. Thematic analysis was used to analyse data.Results/DiscussionsDifferent conceptualization of mental distress and the stigma attached to MHPs explained why most participants accessed services at crisis points. Because of mental illness stigma, they were reluctant to seek help outside of the family. Participants used a pragmatic pluralistic approach to incorporate ritual healing and Western interventions to manage mental distress as they travelled further on the pathway journey. Families play a key role in the journey and are prepared to visit different parts of the world to seek traditional healers.Implications for practiceMental health nurses need to adopt a transcultural working approach to address mental health issues so that family will get the support needed to continue their caring role.