bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility Analysis to Replace Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger with a Hydraulic Liner Hanger on 11 ¾’’ Section in Mexico Exploration Land Project
Authors: Benitez U. , Peralta J. , Vidal M. , Ivanov R. , Oyatomari C. , May J. , Cruz A. , Presniakov M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper analyzes the feasibility to replace an Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger with a Hydraulic Liner Hanger on 11 ¾’’ Section in Mexico Exploration Land Project from a collapse point of view that is the main driver that leads the decision criteria to use one option or another.
The analysis was performed taking into consideration data of 10 wells from Mexico exploration land project constructed between 2019 – 2023 with an 11 ¾’’ section, this data was ingested into a casing design and analysis software to determine the generalized maximum allowable mud drop level that maintains a collapse DF over 1.10 all times on 11 ¾’’ LH while drilling next section, in addition maximum mud drop level registered on 11 ¾’’ next section of the 10 well was extracted from data and compared with generalized maximum allowable mud drop level to find a mud column margin where mud column level could safely move before reducing collapse DF to less than 1.10, allowing in this way to evaluate LH collapse risk and with that plus a collapse risk prevention and mitigation measures be able to evaluate feasibility to replace Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger with a Hydraulic Liner Hanger on 11 ¾’’ Section in Mexico Exploration Land Project.
The key findings understood after this analysis and which supports the idea of feasibility to replace Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger with a Hydraulic Liner Hanger on 11 ¾’’ section is that even considering the geologic uncertainty related to exploration projects the maximum mud drop level registered on 11 ¾’’ next section was around 350 m on the 10 wells analyzed, considering this number and comparing it with the generalized maximum allowable mud drop level that maintains a collapse DF of 1.10 all times on 11 ¾’’ LH while drilling next section on the 10 wells analyzed which is around 1400 m, it gives around 1000 m of mud column margin between the actual maximum mud drop level measured and the needed mud drop level to enter in a collapse situation on the wells analyzed.
This analysis is helpful for operators in case there are no available Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger in the region, there are no Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger compatible with the casing type or for a service provider company with no Expandable High Collapse Liner Hanger technology.
The Role of Geomechanics Behaviors on Wellbore Collapse and Sanding Prediction in Gas Reservoir
Authors: Wang Yarlong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Critical plastic strain and stress at a wellbore wall are identified and commonly utilized in sanding and wellbore collapsing pressure prediction. Extensive experimental testing results suggest that the critical pressures of wellbore collapsing and sanding onset calculated based on statically determined stresses, however, generate large margin when compared to the testing results. These existing models may suffer various shortcoming and an accurate prediction on sanding or wellbore collapsing pressure may require a model which reflects the fundamental behavior. An elasto-plastic model with non-associated plastic flow and stress or strain-dependent failure/sanding criteria are re-visited, simplified analytical solutions of stresses, strain and critical pressure, solution procedure for sanding by incorporating all these fundamental mechanical behavior are developed. A critical effective plastic strain model is utilized and CEPS subject to different external/internal loading are calculated and validated against hollow cylinder testing results. Analytical solutions with nonlinear and linear yielding criteria are applied. These simulating results are compared to those results of THC tests and a geomechanical model with consideration of stress-deformation rather than with stress only is recommended for wellbore collapse and sand predictions.
Enhancing Drilling Response Using Performance-Based Model in Selecting PDC Bits Leads to Significant Progress in the Drilling of Sannan Field, Western Desert Egypt
Authors: Hegab Hesham , Abdelgawad Ahmed , Samy Ahmed , Mohamed Hussien , Mohamed Abdalla 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Drilling in the Western Desert presents significant challenges, necessitating optimization across various aspects of drilling operations. Key factors include the selection and configuration of the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA), the choice between Rotary Steerable Systems (RSS) and motor assemblies, drilling fluids, flow rates, and the optimization of operational parameters such as Weight on Bit (WOB) and Rotations per Minute (RPM). Additionally, minimizing vibration is crucial to enhance Mechanical Specific Energy (MSE), improve Rate of Penetration (ROP), and ensure safe drilling of each interval with maximum possible ROP to reduce overall drilling costs. Bit selection optimization plays a critical role in reducing the cost per meter, thereby decreasing the total well cost. The chosen bit significantly influences the achieved ROP and must be durable enough to complete the section effectively. Furthermore, the bit must be compatible with the directional drive system to ensure stability and minimize vibrations. The introduction of new technology bits through a performance-based model has been pivotal in optimizing drilling efficiency and reducing costs. Historically, GPC had relied on the lowest-priced bits, often neglecting their performance capabilities. However, a new approach has been implemented, focusing on performance-based models that utilize advanced technology such as standard and shaped cutters, and innovative bit designs. This shift has led to substantial cost savings by improving ROP and enhancing bit durability. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in drilling time, with savings amounting to hundreds of thousands of dollars per well for both Egypt and GPC. This improvement reflects the effectiveness of the new bit selection strategy and its impact on drilling performance.
Sustainable Water Sourcing and Treatment Methods for Water Injection Projects Using Shallow Aquifer
Authors: Askar Mohamed Mostafa , Abdallah Ahmed Mohamed , Ramadan Amr Ibrahim , Esmail Mohamed Abdulmageed 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Reservoir supporting by water injection is a mandatory aspect in aged depleted fields; however, securing a sustainable water source with low treatment expenditures is still a challenge for the operating companies. Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company (GUPCO) firstly had implemented water injection by seawater in the study oil-producing field. Then field requirements and conditions changed: which led to utilizing a shallow water aquifer in supporting the depleted reservoir blocks.
GUPCO has been producing this aquifer water for 26 years securing the field water injection needs, till the field cumulative production has already surpassed one Billion Barrel Oil. Before field implementation, several compatibility tests, field studies, and scale tendency calculations had been performed to confirm the benefit of using the aquifer water over GoS (Gulf of Suez) seawater. The Aquifer formation water has less tendency to form sulfate hard scales due to its low content of sulfate ions compared with seawater. De-sulfonation of injection water was omitted due to its higher Capex and Opex expenditures.
The application of seawater injection had been already implemented and it dedicated higher costs to meet the required injection criteria. Therefore, the aquifer water was extracted via offshore production wells. These offshore Water Source Wells (WSWs) were completed with Electric Submersible Pumps (ESPs); additionally, screens with gravel pack completions were implemented for sand control. Studies figured out that produced water may not receive any surface treatment or filtration and it can be directly distributed to injector wells. However, the aquifer water contains high concentrations of dissolved carbon dioxide; therefore, the deposition of carbonate scales was predicted in the study phase and confirmed in the operation phase. The great advantage of the ground water aquifer is that there is no need to lay down a subsea pipeline from any onshore facility and all the pipelines between offshore platforms are short with an affordable cost. Generally, this aquifer water can be generalized and used as a good alternative of seawater for water injection projects in Gulf of Suez area.
This paper will address the successful application of GUPCO for this unique water injection system and the encountered challenges and drawbacks to achieve maximum field efficiency. The paper will also compare the actual case studies and field applications of implementing seawater and aquifer water in water injection fields. The comparison will include reservoir souring, scale deposition, operational efficiency, and implementation challenges.
Unlocking East Nile Delta's Opportunities using Improved Seismic Acquisition and Advanced Imaging
Authors: Baptiste D. , Attya M. , Hassan M. G , Mahmoud M. , Rashidy M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The East Nile Delta, offshore Egypt, is a challenging area for seismic imaging due to the presence of substantial velocity heterogeneity created by the complex Messinian evaporites geometries and overlaying syn-depositional Plio-Pliestocene fault structures. The Atoll field located offshore in the East of Nile Delta basin, is very promising for hydrocarbon exploration and production, where multiple levels of reservoirs lie beneath the producing gas field. Existing towed streamer (TS) seismic data has been pushed to its technical limit but remains insufficient for adequate representation of the subsurface. A step change in imaging was required to unlock and de-risk this opportunity. Therefore, advanced acquisition, processing, and velocity modeling building techniques are employed to improve the resolution of the reservoirs by increasing the signal to noise, expanding the bandwidth, improve illumination, accurate amplitude versus offset (AVO), and robust velocity models. Ocean Bottom Node (OBN) acquisition followed by advanced processing in areas with similar subsurface challenges has shown that a step change in imaging can be achievable (Kommedal et al., 2013).
Acquisition of the Atoll Ocean bottom node (OBN) survey was a first for the Nile Delta and the design allowed for a dense grid of shots with full azimuthal and long offset coverage. The OBN survey also enabled a robust pre-processing workflow and subsurface velocity model to be created. The model building workflow consisted of innovative techniques with Time lag full waveform inversion (FWI) being the primary tool. To address subsurface complexities, an elastic full waveform inversion (QFWI) and density inversion were introduced which allowed for the velocity model to be more accurately inverted up to 40Hz. Having an accurate velocity model has resulted in final migrated images showing improved resolution and a significant uplift over previous towed streamer volumes. Further improvement was achieved by utilizing the velocity to generate an FWI derived reflectivity (FDR) image. This was seen to provide additional uplift especially in areas where illumination challenges still exist resulting in improved resolution and amplitude without compromising signal-to-noise ratio. Criteria for the post migration sequence was to ensure true primary amplitudes were preserved and AVO matched well synthetics. Results from the OBN acquisition and imaging project have provided a significantly improved image over the Atoll field, suitable for forthcoming exploration and appraisal activities.
First Integrated Operation in the MENA Region Using a New Jet Pump Design for Improving the Acquisition of Dynamic & Static Data in Wells Producing Under High Volumes of Water
Authors: Pabón A. G. , Izquierdo A. F. , Soto J. C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Water is a non-valuable fluid that originates from the reservoir, increasing production cost for field operators, particularly in terms of final disposal and dehydration systems. This paper presents a service design aimed at addressing critical questions such as: where, how much, and what is coming from the reservoir. The service enables field operators to monitor the fluid profile of the well and make informed decisions to enhance productivity. Additionally, the paper introduces a new jet pump design and outlines the planning stages for further optimization of the service. It also highlights the high performance of the jet pump, achieving the maximum flow rate, which is crucial for obtaining high-quality data under the dynamic condition of the well. Companies worldwide have been developing solutions for customers using jet technology, which focuses on maximizing production and obtaining essential information for the optimization of oil field operators.
VAPEX - An Efficient Process for the Recovery of Heavy Oil and Bitumen
Authors: Das Swapan K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper describes the Vapex (Vapour Extraction) process which may be a viable technique for the recovery of highly viscous heavy oil and bitumen. The size of the estimated US heavy oil and tar sand resources amounts to 100 billion bbl and 62 billion barrel oil in place respectively. Although this represents a small fraction of the total world reserves, it is about one-third of the total estimated crude oil discovered in US. The world estimate of this resources is about 6 trillion bbl, six times of the conventional oil reserves and may be the future source of energy. Efficient extraction of these highly viscous crudes poses a serious challenge to petroleum engineers. In some of the heavy oil reservoirs Steam flooding and in situ combustion processes were partially successful. For thick tar sand reservoirs the Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) process proved to be effective. However, thermal processes, in addition to other disadvantages, suffer from energy inefficiency due to heat losses.
Prefrontal projections to the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis modulate the specificity of aversive memories
Authors: Radley Jason , Lingg Ryan , Johnson Shane , Hinz Dalton , Skog Timothy , Lizarazu Manuela , Romig-Martin Sara , LaLumiere Ryan , Narayanan Nandakumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Generalizing aversive memories helps organisms avoid danger, whereas discriminating between dissimilar situations promotes opportunistic behaviors. We identified a novel pathway that controls the contextual specificity of memory consolidation of inhibitory avoidance learning. Optogenetic inhibition of the rostral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-to-anteroventral bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (avBST) pathway after a single footshock exacerbated stress hormonal output, and 2 d later promoted generalization to a novel context. Rostral mPFC–avBST influences were directly mnemonic rather than associated with stress hormone increases, as adrenalectomy did not prevent such influences on generalization. We next observed that fear discrimination between novel and aversive contexts engaged activity along the rostral mPFC and avBST pathway. Finally, post-footshock optogenetic pathway excitation enhanced 2-d discrimination. These findings highlight a prefrontal pathway in which activity immediately after aversive experiences promotes mnemonic discrimination between threatening and non-threatening contexts and may be importance for understanding trauma generalization in psychiatric illnesses.
CASE REPORT: Hydrocephalus as a rare presentation of neurosarcoidosis
Authors: Stauning Agnes Tving , Larsen Carl Christian , Holst Anders Vedel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Neurosarcoidosis represents a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis, with hydrocephalus occurring in only 5-9% of cases.
Observation: A 56-year-old female presented with severe hydrocephalus. Initial management involved a third ventriculostomy. Subsequent diagnostic evaluations confirmed neurosarcoidosis. However, before initiating medical treatment, recurrent hydrocephalus required reopening of the third ventriculostomy. The patient is currently undergoing a therapeutic regimen comprising methotrexate and infliximab, no new manifestations of hydrocephalus were observed following the reoperation.
Conclusions: In cases where obstructive hydrocephalus is associated with neurosarcoidosis, the prompt initiation of steroid treatment is imperative.
Delays may contribute to the risk of relapse, underscoring the importance of timely medical management.
Optimisation of romosozumab plus denosumab sequential treatments against postmenopausal osteoporosis. Insights from in silico simulations
Authors: Ruiz-Lozano Rocío , Calvo-Gallego José Luis , Pivonka Peter , Martínez-Reina Javier 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Drug treatments against osteoporosis are commonly divided into anti-catabolic and anabolic. Anti-catabolic drugs reduce bone turnover and increase bone mass mainly through mineralization of the existing bone matrix. Anabolic drugs, on the other hand, enhance osteoblastic activity, resulting in new bone formation. Treatments are often limited to a few years due to reported side effects, which increases fracture risk upon discontinuation. Switching to a different drug is a common strategy. However, it is not clear what is the best combination of a dual-drug therapy, the lapse between treatments and other parameters defining the combination. In this study, we conducted in silico trials to assess the efficacy of two drugs: denosumab (anti-catabolic) and romosozumab (anabolic and anti-catabolic). Our simulations indicate that starting treatment with romosozumab leads to greater bone mass gain. This is because anti-catabolic treatments reduce bone rate and, due to osteoblast-osteoclast coupling, the number of osteoblast precursors. Romosozumab increases the proliferation of these precursors, so their population should be maximized for optimal efficacy. Therefore, prior administration of an anti-catabolic drug may be counterproductive to the effectiveness of romosozumab. We also found that a rest period between treatments does not benefit bone mass gain. Furthermore, concurrent administration of romosozumab and denosumab results in greater bone mass gain and might be worth investigating in future clinical trials. Finally, we showed that reduction of fracture risk in patients undergoing sequential treatments is dose dependent and consequently, dosage could be optimised in a patient-specific manner.
Case report: a case of acute autonomic and sensory neuropathy with fluctuating symptoms and literature review
Authors: Yang Mingxuan , Wang Jianli , Wu Xiaofeng , Zhang Meini , Guo Junhong , Meng Huaxing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose By reporting a patient with acute autonomic neuropathy (AASN) and reviewing relevant literature, we aim to improve understanding of the disease and assist in early clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Methods The clinical data and treatment of a patient with AASN who was admitted to our hospital were summarized, and the previously reported AASN cases or case series were systematically analyzed to summarize the gender, age of onset, prodromal infection, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, treatment and prognosis of the patients.
Results The patient was a 50-year-old female who complained with “paresthesia and dizziness for more than 7 months”. In the early stage of the disease, the patient showed abnormal pain, dizziness, and sensory ataxia, without limb muscle weakness. Retrospective analysis of AASN case reports showed that the age of onset was 34.15 ± 17.43 years old, the male-female ratio was 3:10, and most of them had a history of prodromal infection. Previous literature reports on the treatment of AASN patients mainly included symptomatic supportive treatment and immunomodulatory treatment with hormones or intravenous immunoglobulin. Most patients gradually recover from autonomic nervous system symptoms after treatment, while sensory deficits persist.
Conclusions AASN is a rare, rapidly progressive disease involving autonomic and sensory nerves, often secondary to upper respiratory or digestive tract infections. Clinical manifestations include hypoesthesia, hyperalgesia, digestive and cardiovascular dysfunction, etc. AASN patients should be identified as early as possible and given immunomodulatory therapy and symptomatic treatment in order to improve the prognosis.
Nanopore Sequencing as a Novel Method of Characterising Anorexia Nervosa Risk Loci
Authors: Berthold Natasha , Gaudieri Silvana , Hood Sean , Tschochner Monika , Akkari Patrick Anthony , Kennedy Martin A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a polygenic, severe metabopsychiatric disorder with poorly understood aetiology. Eight significant loci have been identified by genome wide association studies (GWAS) and heritability of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was estimated to be ~ 11–17, yet causal variants remain elusive. It is therefore important to define the full spectrum of genetic variants in the wider regions surrounding these significantly associated loci. The hypothesis we evaluate here is that unrecognised or relatively unexplored variants in these regions exist and are promising targets for future functional analyses. To test this hypothesis, we implemented a novel approach with targeted nanopore sequencing (Oxford Nanopore Technologies) for 200kb regions centred on each of the eight AN-associated loci in 10 AN case samples. Our bioinformatics pipeline entailed base calling and alignment with Dorado and minimap2 software, followed by variant calling with four separate tools, Sniffles2, Clair3, Straglr, and Nanovar. We then leveraged publicly available databases to characterise these loci in putative functional context and prioritise a subset of putatively relevant variants.
Results
Target regions were enriched (average coverage per sample ≥ 10.3X). We curated a list of 20 prioritised variants in non-coding regions, poorly represented in the current human reference genome but which may have functional consequences in AN pathology. Notably, we identified a polymorphic SINE-VNTR-Alu like sub-family D element (SVA-D), intergenic with IP6K2 and PRKAR2A, and a poly-T short tandem repeat (STR) in the 3ʹUTR of FOXP1.
Conclusions
Our results highlight the potential of targeted nanopore sequencing for characterising novel or complex variation, which may be initially obscured in risk associated regions detected by GWAS. While preliminary, variants such as the polymorphic SVA-D and poly-T STR could contribute to mechanisms of phenotypic risk, through regulation of several neighbouring genes implicated in AN biology, and affect post-transcriptional processing of FOXP1, respectively. This exploratory investigation is not powered to detect significant effects, and results should be interpreted cautiously; however, the variation captured is poorly represented in the current human reference genome and accompanying databases and provides new opportunities for improved understanding of genetic risk mechanisms of AN.