bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medical Residents’ and Practicing Physicians’ e-Cigarette Knowledge and Patient Screening Activities
Authors: Geletko Karen W. , Myers Karen , Brownstein Naomi , Jameson Breanna , Lopez Daniel , Sharpe Alaine , Bellamy Gail R. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare medical residents and practicing physicians in primary care specialties regarding their knowledge and beliefs about electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes). We wanted to ascertain whether years removed from medical school had an effect on screening practices, recommendations given to patients, and the types of informational sources utilized. Methods: A statewide sample of Florida primary care medical residents (n = 61) and practicing physicians (n = 53) completed either an online or paper survey, measuring patient screening and physician recommendations, beliefs, and knowledge related to e-cigarettes. χ2 tests of association and linear and logistic regression models were used to assess the differences within- and between-participant groups. Results: Practicing physicians were more likely than medical residents to believe e-cigarettes lower cancer risk in patients who use them as an alternative to cigarettes ( P = .0003). Medical residents were more likely to receive information about e-cigarettes from colleagues ( P = .0001). No statistically significant differences were observed related to e-cigarette knowledge or patient recommendations. Conclusions: Practicing primary care physicians are accepting both the benefits and costs associated with e-cigarettes, while medical residents in primary care are more reticent. Targeted education concerning the potential health risks and benefits associated with the use of e-cigarettes needs to be included in the current medical education curriculum and medical provider training to improve provider confidence in discussing issues surrounding the use of this product.
Cytohesin 1 regulates homing and engraftment of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Authors: Rak Justyna , Foster Katie , Potrzebowska Katarzyna , Talkhoncheh Mehrnaz Safaee , Miharada Natsumi , Komorowska Karolina , Torngren Therese , Kvist Anders , Borg Åke , Svensson Lena , Bonnet Dominique , Larsson Jonas 
Published: November 2016

Key Points
RNA interference screen targeted to primary human HSPCs identified CYTH1 as a crucial mediator of cell adhesion. CYTH1 is required for homing and proper bone marrow localization of HSPCs following transplantation.
Diagnosis and management of AML in adults: 2017 ELN recommendations from an international expert panel
Authors: Döhner Hartmut , Estey Elihu , Grimwade David , Amadori Sergio , Appelbaum Frederick R. , Büchner Thomas , Dombret Hervé , Ebert Benjamin L. , Fenaux Pierre , Larson Richard A. , Levine Ross L. , Lo-Coco Francesco , Naoe Tomoki , Niederwieser Dietger , Ossenkoppele Gert J. , Sanz Miguel , Sierra Jorge , Tallman Martin S. , Tien Hwei-Fang , Wei Andrew H. , Löwenberg Bob , Bloomfield Clara D. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe first edition of the European LeukemiaNet (ELN) recommendations for diagnosis and management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adults, published in 2010, has found broad acceptance by physicians and investigators caring for patients with AML. Recent advances, for example, in the discovery of the genomic landscape of the disease, in the development of assays for genetic testing and for detecting minimal residual disease (MRD), as well as in the development of novel antileukemic agents, prompted an international panel to provide updated evidence- and expert opinion-based recommendations. The recommendations include a revised version of the ELN genetic categories, a proposal for a response category based on MRD status, and criteria for progressive disease.
Hypoxia-induced responses by endothelial colony-forming cells are modulated by placental growth factor
Authors: Hookham Michelle B. , Ali Imran H. A. , O’Neill Christina L. , Hackett Emer , Lambe Melanie H. , Schmidt Tina , Medina Reinhold J. , Chamney Sara , Rao Bharathi , McLoone Eibhlin , Sweet David , Stitt Alan W. , Brazil Derek P. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Background
Endothelial colony-forming cells (ECFCs), also termed late outgrowth endothelial cells, are a well-defined circulating endothelial progenitor cell type with an established role in vascular repair. ECFCs have clear potential for cell therapy to treat ischaemic disease, although the precise mechanism(s) underlying their response to hypoxia remains ill-defined.

Methods
In this study, we isolated ECFCs from umbilical cord blood and cultured them on collagen. We defined the response of ECFCs to 1% O2 exposure at acute and chronic time points.

Results
In response to low oxygen, changes in ECFC cell shape, proliferation, size and cytoskeleton phenotype were detected. An increase in the number of senescent ECFCs also occurred as a result of long-term culture in 1% O2. Low oxygen exposure altered ECFC migration and tube formation in Matrigel®. Increases in angiogenic factors secreted from ECFCs exposed to hypoxia were also detected, in particular, after treatment with placental growth factor (PlGF). Exposure of cells to agents that stabilise hypoxia-inducible factors such as dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) also increased PlGF levels. Conditioned medium from both hypoxia-treated and DMOG-treated cells inhibited ECFC tube formation. This effect was reversed by the addition of PlGF neutralising antibody to the conditioned medium, confirming the direct role of PlGF in this effect.

Conclusions
This study deepens our understanding of the response of ECFCs to hypoxia and also identifies a novel and important role for PlGF in regulating the vasculogenic potential of ECFCs.
Rats with a missense mutation in Atm display neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration subsequent to accumulation of cytosolic DNA following unrepaired DNA damage
Authors: Quek Hazel , Luff John , Cheung KaGeen , Kozlov Sergei , Gatei Magtouf , Lee C Soon , Bellingham Mark C , Noakes Peter G , Lim Yi Chieh , Barnett Nigel L , Dingwall Steven , Wolvetang Ernst , Mashimo Tomoji , Roberts Tara L , Lavin Martin F 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T)-mutated (ATM) gene give rise to the human genetic disorder A-T, characterized by immunodeficiency, cancer predisposition, and neurodegeneration. Whereas a series of animal models recapitulate much of the A-T phenotype, they fail to present with ataxia or neurodegeneration. We describe here the generation of an Atm missense mutant [amino acid change of leucine (L) to proline (P) at position 2262 (L2262P)] rat by intracytoplasmic injection (ICSI) of mutant sperm into oocytes. Atm-mutant rats (AtmL2262P/L2262P) expressed low levels of ATM protein, suggesting a destabilizing effect of the mutation, and had a significantly reduced lifespan compared with Atm+/+. Whereas these rats did not show cerebellar atrophy, they succumbed to hind-limb paralysis (45%), and the remainder developed tumors. Closer examination revealed the presence of both dsDNA and ssDNA in the cytoplasm of cells in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and spinal cord of AtmL2262P/L2262P rats. Significantly increased levels of IFN-β and IL-1β in all 3 tissues were indicative of DNA damage induction of the type 1 IFN response. This was further supported by NF-κB activation, as evidenced by p65 phosphorylation (P65) and translocation to the nucleus in the spinal cord and parahippocampus. Other evidence of neuroinflammation in the brain and spinal cord was the loss of motor neurons and the presence of increased activation of microglia. These data provide support for a proinflammatory phenotype that is manifested in the Atm mutant rat as hind-limb paralysis. This mutant represents a useful model to investigate the importance of neuroinflammation in A-T.
Diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies: can 123I-IMP and 123I-MIBG scintigraphy yield new core features?
Authors: Sakamoto Fumi , Shiraishi Shinya , Tsuda Noriko , Hashimoto Mamoru , Tomiguchi Seiji , Ikeda Manabu , Yamashita Yasuyuki 
Published: November 2016

Objective:
Since the clinical symptoms of different types of dementia frequently overlap, especially in the earlier stages at onset, it is difficult to distinguish dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) from other neurodegenerative dementias based on their clinical manifestations alone. Nuclear medicine imaging has been reported as a high-value index for the objective evaluation and diagnosis of DLB. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether nuclear medicine imaging findings may yield core features to be added to the diagnosis of DLB.

Methods:
We enrolled 332 patients with suspected DLB. All were evaluated by both 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) myocardial scintigraphy and 123I-labelled N-isopropyl-p-iodoamphetamine (123I-IMP). brain perfusion single-photon emission CT. The final clinical diagnosis indicated probable DLB in 92 patients (40 males, 52 females; mean age ± standard deviation, 77.4 ± 6.4 years; range, 56–89 years); 240 patients (98 males, 142 females; mean age, 75.5 ± 9.0 years; range, 70–87 years) were recorded as being without DLB. The accepted core features used for clinical evaluations were fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations and Parkinsonism. The nuclear medicine evaluation indices were the severity score of cerebral blood flow on 123I-IMP scintigraphs of the posterior cingulate and praecuneus and a reduction in the blood flow in the occipital lobe. For 123I-MIBG evaluation, we recorded the early and delayed heart-to-mediastinum (H/M) ratios and the washout rate.

Results:
Univariate and multivariate analyses of fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations, Parkinsonism and early H/M ratio in patients with probable and without DLB revealed significant differences. Parameters based on 123I-IMP studies did not show any significant differences by multivariate analysis. The area under the curve for the early H/M ratio was 0.918; for fluctuating cognition, visual hallucinations and Parkinsonism, it was 0.693, 0.760 and 0.611, respectively, by receiver-operating characteristic analysis. The early H/M ratio of &lt;2.0 on 123I-MIBG scintigraphs was of the highest diagnostic accuracy. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for the diagnosis of probable DLB were 82.4%, 96.3% and 92.5%, respectively.

Conclusion:
The early H/M ratio obtained by 123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy can serve as a reliable diagnostic index for the core clinical features of DLB. It can be used for the early diagnosis and treatment of DLB.

Advances in knowledge:
123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy performed at the initial clinical examination can facilitate the early identification or exclusion of DLB and the early H/M ratio may be a diagnostic biomarker for DLB.
A method for evaluating the performance of computer-aided detection of pulmonary nodules in lung cancer CT screening: detection limit for nodule size and density
Authors: Kobayashi Hajime , Ohkubo Masaki , Narita Akihiro , Marasinghe Janaka C , Murao Kohei , Matsumoto Toru , Sone Shusuke , Wada Shinichi 
Published: November 2016

Objective:
We propose the application of virtual nodules to evaluate the performance of computer-aided detection (CAD) of lung nodules in cancer screening using low-dose CT.

Methods:
The virtual nodules were generated based on the spatial resolution measured for a CT system used in an institution providing cancer screening and were fused into clinical lung images obtained at that institution, allowing site specificity. First, we validated virtual nodules as an alternative to artificial nodules inserted into a phantom. In addition, we compared the results of CAD analysis between the real nodules (n = 6) and the corresponding virtual nodules. Subsequently, virtual nodules of various sizes and contrasts between nodule density and background density (ΔCT) were inserted into clinical images (n = 10) and submitted for CAD analysis.

Results:
In the validation study, 46 of 48 virtual nodules had the same CAD results as artificial nodules (kappa coefficient = 0.913). Real nodules and the corresponding virtual nodules showed the same CAD results. The detection limits of the tested CAD system were determined in terms of size and density of peripheral lung nodules; we demonstrated that a nodule with a 5-mm diameter was detected when the nodule had a ΔCT &gt; 220 HU.

Conclusion:
Virtual nodules are effective in evaluating CAD performance using site-specific scan/reconstruction conditions.

Advances in knowledge:
Virtual nodules can be an effective means of evaluating site-specific CAD performance. The methodology for guiding the detection limit for nodule size/density might be a useful evaluation strategy.
Measures of Counteraction to False Rumors: Criteria and Categories of Classification
Authors: Горбатов  , Gorbatov D. , Байчик  , Baychik A. 
Published: November 2016

Classification means to combat false rumors constructed
on the following bases: tactics used for counteraction, statuses of
key communicators, objects of information influence and specifics
of its implementation, presented for the first time. The set of categories,
allowing identifying concrete means in practice, for each
classification criterion is defined. Use of this classification instead
of previous not systematized lists of measures creates prerequisites
to increase effectiveness of campaigns to combat the influence of
false rumors.
Implementation of Freedom in Religious Culture
Authors: Дмитриева  , Dmitrieva Elizaveta 
Published: November 2016

The article discusses the concept of religious culture which
is based on religious dogma understood as static, unchanging foundation.
The basis for the statement of the problem is the idea of
immutability of religious culture and the realization that this type
of culture cannot be called culture in the full sense of the definition
since it is based on a static basis, namely a religious dogma. Among
the essential characteristics of culture there is freedom as a value.
How do the dogma and freedom combine within the religious
culture? Is it possible to exercise freedom within this type of culture
which is based on the religious dogma resistant to transformation?
In religious culture freedom as a three-level concept is fully realized
at the highest level of understanding freedom: despite the static,
dogmatic base of religious culture there are no restrictions on feeling
oneself free within existence, both personal and public. Religious
culture is antinomic in the connection of the highest, idealistic
appeal to God with worldly ways of its implementation which
demonstrate the specificity of this type of culture. Consideration
of the category of freedom carried out in this paper allows us to
express the specifics of implementation and realization of freedom
within religious culture, thus highlighting the cultural component
in the understanding of this type of culture. Consideration of freedom as not only philosophical but also the cultural category provides
a basis for further analysis of the main cultural components such
as the value and creativity.
Prevention and management of pressure sores
Authors: Jackson Sue , McMahon Ann , Cage Rosemary 
Published: November 2016

Care study William, an 83-year old man, was admitted via the accident and emergency (A&E) department to an orthopaedic ward within the Mid-Staffordshire General Hospitals. The A&E nurse accompanying him said that he preferred to be called Bill. The reason for his admission was a fall at home, in which he had sustained a fractured neck of right femur which had been confirmed by X-ray. He had suffered pain while in the A&E department for which he was given Omnopon 20 mg. Stemetil 12.5 mg was given to counteract the nausea that is a potential side effect of Omnopon. On admission to the ward at 23.40, Bill was pain free. He was accompanied by a care assistant from the nursing home where he was currently residing.
Principles of PREP
Authors: Castledine George 
Published: November 2016

At long last the United Kingdom Central Council for Nurses, Midwives and Health Visitors (UKCC) has agreed its Post Registration Education and Practice (PREP) proposals (UKCC, 1993) and we now await the Government's decision. Although no date has been set for implementation, the clear message is that all registered nurses, midwives and health visitors will need to study the report as soon as they can and as carefully as possible. There are three very clear messages for us all in the future: We can't stand still and expect to get by without further education and regular updating; We can't drop in and out of nursing without considering what we are doing or what re-education we will require; We need to think carefully about our stage and level of preparation for generalist, specialist or advanced practice.
The role of ACE inhibitor in reducing persistent proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Hutabarat Erika , Alatas Husein , Hadinegoro Sri Rezeki 
Published: November 2016

Background Patients with persistent proteinuria are at risk for progression to end-stage renal failure. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) can decrease proteinuria in nephrotic syndrome (NS) patients with persistent proteinuria.Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of ACEI (enalapril) in reducing proteinuria in NS.Methods This study was conducted as a randomized double blind clinical trial with crossover design on persistent proteinuria NS patients who visited Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from December 2000 until July 2001. Twenty patients were enrolled in this study. Ten patients received enalapril 10 mg/day for 8 weeks and ten patients received placebo. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor as considered effective if proteinuria was reduced for at least 50%.Results The patients aged between 2-16 years with a mean of 11.3 years and consisted of 16 boys and 4 girls with a ratio of 4:1. Urine protein and creatinine ratio (Up/Uc) was used to evaluate proteinuria. In the ACEI group, the mean value of proteinuria increasedtrom5.6 (95%CI 1.1 ;2.2)to 6.7 (95%CI 0.3;13.2) (p=0.721), although it decreased in five patients. Decreased proteinuria to 50%or more was found in 2 out of 10 patients in the enalapril group while in the placebo group it was found in 3 out of 10, but this differences was not statistically significant (,0=0.5). Systolic blood pressure decreased significantly (p=0.0185) from 107 mmHg (95%CI 101.1;112.9 mmHg) to 103 mmHg (95%CI 96.2;109.8 mmHg) although still in nonnal range.Conclusions The efficacy of enalapril in reducing proteinuria could not be evaluated yet. A further study with greater sample and longer observation is needed.
Fault diagnostics of DC motor using acoustic signals and MSAF-RATIO30-EXPANDED
Authors: Glowacz Adam 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAn early fault diagnostic method of Direct Current motors was presented in this article. The proposed method used acoustic signals of a motor. A method of feature extraction called MSAF-RATIO30-EXPANDED (method of selection of amplitudes of frequencies - ratio 30% of maximum of amplitude - expanded) was presented and implemented. An analysis of proposed method was carried out for early fault states of a real DC motor. Four following states of the DC motor were measured and analyzed: the healthy DC motor, DC motor with 3 shorted rotor coils, DC motor with 6 shorted rotor coils, DC motor with a broken coil. Measured states were caused by natural degradation of the DC motor. The obtained results of analysis were good. The presented early fault diagnostic method can be used for protection of DC motors.
Model of the double-rotor induction motor in terms of electromagnetic differential
Authors: Adamczyk Dominik , Wilk Andrzej , Michna Michal 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe paper presents a concept, a construction, a circuit model and experimental results of the double-rotor induction motor. This type of a motor is to be implemented in the concept of the electromagnetic differential. At the same time it should fulfill the function of differential mechanism and the vehicle drive. One of the motor shafts is coupled to the direction changing mechanical transmission. The windings of the external rotor are powered by slip rings and brushes. The inner rotor has the squirrel-cage windings. The circuit model parameters were calculated based on the 7.5 kW real single-rotor induction motor (2p = 4). Experimental verification of the model was based on comparison between the mentioned single-rotor motor and double-rotor model with the outer rotor blocked. The presented results showed relatively good compliance between the model and real motor.
Nonlinear behavior analysis of split-winding dry-type transformer using a new star model and a coupled field-circuit approach
Authors: Azizian Davood 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRegarding the importance of short circuit and inrush current simulations in the split-winding transformer, a novel nonlinear equivalent circuit is introduced in this paper for nonlinear simulation of this transformer. The equivalent circuit is extended using the nonlinear inductances. Employing a numerical method, leakage and magnetizing inductances in the split-winding transformer are extracted and the nonlinear model inductances are estimated using these inductances. The introduced model is validated and using this nonlinear model, inrush and short-circuit currents are calculated. It has been seen that the introduced model is valid and suitable for simulations of the split-winding transformer due to various loading conditions. Finally, the effects of nonlinearity of the model inductances are discussed in the following.
The impact of speed as well as selected parameters of slot insulation on the distribution of temperature in linear motion converters
Authors: Mikołajewicz Jacek 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents and discusses the mathematical model of thermal phenomena occurring in axis-symmetric electromechanical linear motion converters. On the basis of the developed model, software to analyze the process of the heating up of this type of converters, was created. The effect of the thickness and type of material of the slot insulation, as well as the speed of the runner on the temperature distribution in the analyzed object was examined in-depth. Selected results of simulated calculations have been presented.
Simple utilization of lactic acid whey in dairy processing
Authors: Csanádi J. , Szász G. , H-Bara O. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The use of ultra-filtered lactic acid whey retentate was investigated for the making of sour cream. The utilization of lactic acid whey is limited due to its special properties, so the logical utilization way is to use it in fermented products. First, we concentrated lactic acid whey collected from cottage cheese making by ultrafiltration (UF), then UF Whey Retentate (UFWR) was added (by 2, 5, and 10%) into fat standardized cream for sour cream making. We investigated the texture and sensory properties of the sour cream samples compared with the industrial products. Generally, we can state that the use of small portion of UF whey retentate did not result noticeable changes and did not reduce the sensory value of sour creams. Higher UF whey retentate addition improved some texture properties of experimental samples, but the summarized evaluation of UFWR addition was not unequivocal. Control samples showed better results. Based on our results, the sample, which contained 5% UF whey retentate, had good texture and acceptable sensory properties. Furthermore, more than 5% UF lactic acid whey retentate (coming from our own ultrafiltration process) resulted remarkably worse sensory properties than the other samples. Further investigation is needed to find the optimal composition and sensory properties of UFWR. Furthermore, we have to perform technological investigation to reach a higher concentration factor using pre-treatment of whey and to avoid the precipitation of whey proteins during the high temperature pasteurization of cream, cream mixed with UFWR or diafiltered whey retentate. We guess that the use of one-stage diafiltration would already decrease the unfavourable sensory properties of lactic acid whey retentate.