bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anfíbios anuros de brejos e lagoas de São Roque do Canaã, Espírito Santo, Sudeste do Brasil
Authors: Mônico Alexander Tamanini , Clemente-Carvalho Rute Beatriz Garcia , Lopes Silvia Ramira , Peloso Pedro Luiz Vieira Del 
Published: September 2017

The realization of inventories in regions where there are few records of amphibian collection is a fundamental tool for conservation. We studied the composition of amphibian species in swamps and lagoons of São Roque do Canaã, a municipality located in the central region of the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The study was conducted between June 2013 and May 2014, with samplings made twice a month. Fieldwork was concentrated at two sites (one visit per month each), both formed by swamps and ponds temporary and are the main matrix type in the landscape, located in open areas where pastures for cattle and coffee crops predominate. Fieldwork was carried out by two collectors from 17:00 to 24h00min, totaling 24 expeditions, resulting in approximately 336 hours of sampling effort. The species were inventoried through active visual search and auditory census. Twenty two species distributed in 5 families were recorded. Hylidae was the most represented family (N = 16), followed by Leptodactylidae (N = 2), Bufonidae (N = 2), Pipidae (N = 1) and Cycloramphidae (N = 1). The months with the highest number of species in calling activity were November (n = 15) and December (n = 16), 2013, and January 2014 (n = 15), while the months with lower number of species were April, June (n = 5) and July (n = 4), 2013. No species recorded is included in the list of threatened amphibians of the Espírito Santo. The species found are typical of open areas and support well degraded environments. This study is the first step to a better understanding of anurofauna of São Roque do Canaã, since there is absolutely nothing published on amphibians in the region.
New Cases of Gynandromorphism in Xylocopa Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
Authors: Zama Paula Caetano , Coelho Igor Rismo 
Published: September 2017

Gynandromorphism is the most common case of sexual anomaly reported in bees and is characterized by individuals that show male and female traits simultaneously in the body. Gynandromorphic cases have been reported for 140 species of bees, an underestimated number comparing to the twenty thousand bee species described nowadays. Here we describe and illustrate the first case of a gynandromorphic Xylocopa darwini Cockerell, 1926 and the fourth case of Xylocopa varipuncta Patton, 1879. The specimens show a mixed form of gynandromorphism with predominantly female features and with all its male traits concentrated in one side of the body, right side in X. darwini and left side in X. varipuncta. The gynanders of X. darwini and X. varipuncta were collected on Isabela Island (Galapagos – Ecuador) and Riverside (California – USA), and were deposited in Smithsonian Collection and California Academy of Sciences, respectively. Including this work, eighteen cases of gynandromorphism were reported to Xylocopa and twelve were recorded from Neoxylocopa subgenus.
Post-embryonic development of intramandibular glands of Friesella schrottkyi (Friese, 1900) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers
Authors: Oliveira André Henrique de , Lisboa Luciane Cristina de Oliveira , Serrão José Eduardo , Zanuncio José Cola , Souza Edmilson Amaral de 
Published: September 2017

Exocrine glands play important role in social organization of insects, such as caste and inter-caste differentiation. Due their functional and structural plasticity, morphological studies on such glands contribute to better understanding the biology of social bees. Therefore, the aim of the study was to characterize the sequence of the post-embryonic development of intramandibular glands of Friesella schrottkyi (Friese, 1900) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) workers using histological and histochemical analyses. The mandibles of pupae at different developmental stages and newly emerged adults were analyzed. The intramandibular glands of F. schrottkyi presented two types: class I glands, in the mandible epidermis and class III glands, inside the mandible cavity that open onto external surface. The intramandibular glands of F. schrottkyi developed during the transition from the prepupae to the white-eyed pupae, as shown by the morphological changes. Black-eyed pupae of F. schrottkyi presented fully developed intramandibular glands.
Ectopic Fatty Acid–Binding Protein 4 Expression in the Vascular Endothelium is Involved in Neointima Formation After Vascular Injury
Authors: Fuseya Takahiro , Furuhashi Masato , Matsumoto Megumi , Watanabe Yuki , Hoshina Kyoko , Mita Tomohiro , Ishimura Shutaro , Tanaka Marenao , Miura Tetsuji 
Published: September 2017

Background

Fatty acid‐binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipocytes, macrophages, and endothelial cells of capillaries but not arteries.
FABP
4 is secreted from adipocytes in association with lipolysis, and an elevated circulating
FABP
4 level is associated with obesity, insulin resistance, and atherosclerosis. However, little is known about the link between
FABP
4 and endovascular injury. We investigated the involvement of ectopic
FABP
4 expression in endothelial cells in neointima hyperplasia after vascular injury.

Methods and Results

Femoral arteries of 8‐week‐old male mice were subjected to wire‐induced vascular injury. After 4 weeks, immunofluorescence staining showed that
FABP
4 was ectopically expressed in endothelial cells of the hyperplastic neointima. Neointima formation determined by intima area and intima to media ratio was significantly decreased in
FABP
4‐defficient mice compared with that in wild‐type mice. Adenovirus‐mediated overexpression of
FABP
4 in human coronary artery endothelial cells (
HCAECs
) in vitro increased inflammatory cytokines and decreased phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3. Furthermore,
FABP
4 was secreted from
HCAECs
. Treatment of human coronary smooth muscle cells or
HCAECs
with the conditioned medium of
Fabp4
‐overexpressed
HCAECs
or recombinant
FABP
4 significantly increased gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and proliferation‐ and adhesion‐related molecules in cells, promoted cell proliferation and migration of human coronary smooth muscle cells, and decreased phosphorylation of nitric oxide synthase 3 in
HCAECs
, which were attenuated in the presence of an anti‐
FABP
4 antibody.

Conclusions

Ectopic expression and secretion of
FABP
4 in vascular endothelial cells contribute to neointima formation after vascular injury. Suppression of ectopic
FABP
4 in the vascular endothelium would be a novel strategy against post‐angioplasty vascular restenosis.
Labetalol Use Is Associated With Increased In-Hospital Infection Compared With Nicardipine Use in Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Starr Jordan B. , Tirschwell David L. , Becker Kyra J. 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose—
Increased sympathetic tone causes hypertension after intracerebral hemorrhage, and blood pressure reduction has been studied as a way to decrease hemorrhage growth and improve outcomes. It is unknown if the antihypertensive used to achieve blood pressure goals influences either. Because sympatholytic drugs reduce death and infection in animal models, we hypothesized that labetalol would improve outcomes compared with nicardipine.

Methods—
Prospective data from a single center were retrospectively reviewed. Patients receiving labetalol, nicardipine, or both during their first 3 days of hospitalization were included. Outcomes included in-hospital death; discharge modified Rankin Score >2; and in-hospital urinary tract infection, pneumonia, or bacteremia. Patients were compared with propensity scoring and analyzed with linear models adjusted for significant confounders.

Results—

Of 1066 admissions, 525 were treated with labetalol or nicardipine and are included; 229 (43.6%) received labetalol, 107 (20.4%) received nicardipine, and 189 (36.0%) received both. Mortality and infection rates were 40.2% and 15.8%, respectively, 77.2% had a modified Rankin Score >2. After adjustment, compared with nicardipine alone, labetalol alone was associated with infection (odds ratio, 3.12; confidence interval, 1.27–7.64;
P
=0.013) but not when combined with nicardipine (odds ratio, 2.44; confidence interval, 0.98–6.07;
P
=0.055). Labetalol, with or without nicardipine, was not associated with death or discharge modified Rankin Score >2.

Conclusions—
Compared with nicardipine, labetalol was associated with increased in-hospital infections, but not mortality or modified Rankin Score >2. These findings do not support our hypothesis that labetalol use improves outcomes relative to nicardipine in intracerebral hemorrhage.
Stereotactic Catheter Ventriculocisternostomy for Clearance of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Roelz Roland , Coenen Volker A. , Scheiwe Christian , Niesen Wolf-Dirk , Egger Karl , Csok Istvan , Kraeutle Rainer , Jabbarli Ramazan , Urbach Horst , Reinacher Peter C. 
Published: September 2017

Background and Purpose—
Delayed cerebral infarction (DCI) is a major source of morbidity and mortality after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. We report a novel intervention—stereotactic catheter ventriculocisternostomy (STX-VCS) and fibrinolytic/spasmolytic lavage therapy—for DCI prevention. Outcomes of 20 consecutive patients are compared with 60 matched controls.

Methods—
On the basis of individual treatment decisions, STX-VCS was performed in 20 high-risk aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients admitted to our department between September 2015 and October 2016. Three controls matched for age, sex, aneurysm treatment method, and admission Hunt and Hess grade were assigned to each case treated by STX-VCS. DCI was the primary outcome. Mortality and mRS at rehabilitation discharge were secondary outcome parameters. The association between STX-VCS and DCI, mortality, and mRS was assessed by conditional logistic regression.

Results—
Stereotactic procedures were performed without surgical complications. Continuous cisternal lavage was feasible in 17 of 20 patients (85%). One adverse event because of cisternal lavage was without sequelae. DCI occurred in 25 of 60 (42%) controls and 3 of 20 (15%) patients with STX-VCS (odds ratio, 0.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.04–0.64). Mortality occurred in 20 of 60 (33%) controls and 1 of 20 (5%) patients with STX-VCS, respectively (odds ratio, 0.08; 95% confidence interval, 0.01 – 0.66). Favorable outcome (mRS≤3) at rehabilitation discharge was observed in 12 of 20 patients with STX-VCS (60%) versus 21 of 60 (35%) matched controls (odds ratio, 0.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.8–0.86).

Conclusions—
STX-VCS was feasible and safe in patients with severe aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Initial results indicate that DCI and mortality can be reduced, and neurological outcome may be improved with this method.
Direct axillary artery cannulation in cardiac surgery: clinical outcomes
Authors: Hysi Ilir , Renaut Carlos , Fabre Olivier 
Published: September 2017

Objective Axillary artery cannulation is still regarded with distrust by surgeons because the artery is supposed to be fragile, difficult to access, and its cannulation is often considered time-consuming. This study was carried out to assess our results in a series of patients, using a simplified surgical approach to axillary artery cannulation. Methods Data were collected retrospectively from our prospective database. All patients operated on in our department between January 2004 and October 2016 and scheduled for various cardiac procedures with direct axillary artery cannulation were included in this study. In this twelve-year period, 246 patients had direct axillary artery cannulation during a cardiac surgical procedure. The mean age was 67.3 ± 14.7 years. The artery was approached at the level of the deltopectoral groove and cannulated by the direct Seldinger technique. Results The main indications for axillary artery cannulation were: right minithoracotomy aortic valve replacement ( n = 93), aortic dissection ( n = 57), extracorporeal life support ( n = 36), transarterial valve replacement ( n = 27), ascending aortic aneurysm ( n = 16), and others ( n = 17). The cannulation was right-sided in 90.6% of patients. Axillary cannulation-related morbidity was 6.1%. Axillary cannulation-related mortality was 0.8% (2 patients). Conclusions The axillary artery is a reliable site for rapid cannulation, carrying a low risk of morbidity and mortality. Our findings show that this artery is solid and can be very useful in everyday cardiac surgical practice.
Oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus
Authors: Al-lawama Manar , Alammori Iyad , Abdelghani Tariq , Badran Eman 
Published: September 2017

Objective This study was performed to investigate the safety and efficacy of oral paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen in the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature infants. Methods Premature infants with PDA with a gestational age of ≤32 weeks or birth weight of ≤1500 g were included in this randomized study. Results A total of 120 premature infants fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Of these 120 infants, 34 fulfilled the treatment criteria and 22 were finally randomized. We found no significant difference in the mortality or primary closure rates between the two groups. We also found no significant difference in the short-term neonatal outcomes. Conclusions Either oral paracetamol or oral ibuprofen can be used safely and effectively to treat PDA in premature infants.
Ilizarov technique combined with limited adjunctive surgical procedures for correction of relapsed talipes equinovarus in children
Authors: Wang Xiao-Jian , Chang Feng , Su Yun-Xing , Wei Xiao-Chun , Wei Lei 
Published: September 2017

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using the Ilizarov invasive distraction technique combined with limited surgical operations in the treatment of relapsed talipes equinovarus in children. Methods This retrospective study analysed the outcomes of paediatric patients with relapsed talipes equinovarus who were treated with the Ilizarov technique with moderate open limited soft tissue or bony operations. The International Clubfoot Study Group (ICFSG) classification system score was used to evaluate the deformities before and after surgery. Results The study evaluated 16 feet in 14 patients (nine boys). The correction time ranged from 6 to 12 weeks. The mean duration of frame application was 5.9 months. The gait was improved significantly in all patients. At final follow-up, the mean ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion ranges were 8.3° and 34.6°, respectively. The talocalcaneal angle improved from 10.0° preoperatively to 28.3° postoperatively in the anteroposterior plane; and from 4.1° preoperatively to 42.1° postoperatively in the lateral plane. The differences in the angle of plantarflexion, dorsiflexion, range of motion of the ankle joint and talocalcaneal angles pre- and postoperation were significant. Conclusions These current findings suggest that the Ilizarov technique combined with limited surgery effectively corrects relapsed talipes equinovarus in children.
Ethical tensions: A qualitative systematic review of new graduate perceptions
Authors: Hazelwood Tori , Murray Carolyn M , Baker Amy , Stanley Mandy 
Published: September 2017

Background: New graduate transition into the workforce is challenging and can involve managing ethical tensions. Ethical tensions cause new graduates to doubt their capabilities due to their lack of experience. To support new graduates, we need to know what these ethical tensions are. Objectives: To explore the ethical tensions perceived to occur in practice for new graduate health professionals. Research design: This qualitative systematic review involved a search of five databases (Medline, EMBASE, AMED, CINAHL and Scopus) which resulted in the retrieval of 3554 papers. After the two-phased screening process, eight studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria and had rich data on the review question. Articles were read several times, critically appraised and analysed through thematic analysis. Ethical considerations: No ethical approval was required for the systematic review. The review was conducted following well-established reporting guidelines enabling transparency and rigour. Findings: Studies originated from Australia, United States, Iran and China. One study included speech pathologists and seven were with nurses. Four themes included the following: (1) enduring an unknown workplace culture that generates uncertainty without support for new graduates; (2) being vulnerable because of distress from bullying, exclusion and being a scapegoat; (3) constraining systems and institutional restrictions that cause dilemmas; and (4) experiencing disillusionment from lost ideals about ethical practice. Discussion: This review has brought to light the vulnerability of new graduates to negative workplace culture and collegial incivility. In addition, new graduates are subjected to ethical tensions created by institutional constraints which can create dilemmas and uncertainties through practice that does not align with what they anticipated. Conclusion: Understanding ethical tensions experienced by new graduates enables provision of informed support. There needs to be considerable cultural change for orientation and socialisation of new graduates to enable them to learn and manage ethical tensions.
Early Involvement of Immune/Inflammatory Response Genes in Retinal Degeneration in DBA/2J Mice
Authors: Fan W. , Li X. , Wang W. , Mo J.S. , Kaplan H. , Cooper N.G.F. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose The DBA/2J (D2) mouse carries mutations in two of its genes, Tyrp1 and Gpnmb. These alterations result in the development of an immune response in the iris, leading to iris atrophy and pigment dispersion. The development of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in this model of glaucoma is considered to be a significant factor leading to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs). Changes in gene expression in the retina have already been correlated with the appearance of elevated IOP in the D2 mouse. The purpose of the present study was to determine if any changes in gene expression occur prior to the development of IOP. Methods The IOP was measured monthly using a rebound tonometer in D2 and age-matched C57/BL6 (B6) mice (normal controls). D2 animals with normal IOP at 2 and 4 M were used. In addition, mice at the age of 6–7 M were included to look for any trends in gene expression that might develop during the progression of the disease. Separate RNA samples were prepared from each of three individual retinas for each age, and gene expression profiles were determined with the aid of mouse oligonucleotide arrays (Agilent). A subset of genes was examined with the aid of real-time PCR. Immunocytochemistry was used to visualize changes in the retina for some of the gene-products. Results Four hundred and thirteen oligonucleotide probes were differentially expressed in the retinas of 4 M versus 2 M old D2 mice. The most significantly up-regulated genes (181) were associated with immune responses including interferon signaling, the complement system and the antigen presentation pathway, whereas the down-regulated genes (232) were linked to pathways related to cell death and known neurological diseases/disorders. These particular changes were not revealed in the age-matched B6 mice. By 6 M, when IOP started to increase in many of the D2 mice, more robust changes of these same genes were observed. Changes in the levels of selected genes, representative of different functions/pathways, were validated with RT-PCR, and changes in glial responses were visualized in the retina with immunocytochemistry. Conclusions The results showed that the expression of genes related to the immune response and acute stress were altered independently of the development of elevated IOP, and indicated early involvement of the immune system in the onset of the disease. The later development of elevated IOP, observed in this animal model, was coincident with continued changes in expression of genes observed at earlier time points. Further studies are warranted to identify the roles of specific genes identified here with respect to the death of the RGCs.
Expression Levels of Thymidylate Synthase, Thymidylate Phosphorylase and Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Preliminary Study
Authors: Aubry K. , Labourey J.L. , Bessède J.P. , Tubiana-Mathieu N. , Rigaud M. 
Published: September 2017

Introduction Pharyngo-laryngeal tumors classified as T3-4, N0-3, M0, are conventionally treated by mutilating surgery (total (pharyngo)-laryngectomy). Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-FU/platinum salt can be proposed in an attempt to preserve the larynx. The level of the response to chemotherapy ranges from 36 to 54% of cases. Thus, a large number of patients receive chemotherapy that is ineffective and not free from adverse effects. Three main enzymes are involved in the metabolism of 5-FU: thymidylate synthase (TS), thymidylate phosphorylase (TP) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD). Several studies suggest that a high level of expression of these three genes correlates with a poor clinical response to 5-FU. The main purpose of our study was to look for a correlation between the levels of expression of the genes for sensitivity to 5-FU (TS, TP, DPD) within the tumor and the clinical response observed after three courses of chemotherapy combining 5-FU/platinum salt in patients presenting with advanced cancer of the pharyngolarynx. Methods This was a prospective genetic study that had required approval from the Ethics Committee. The main assessment criterion was based on the assessment of the clinical response by an ENT panendoscopy and a cervical CT scan, after three courses of chemotherapy. The expression of the genes was determined by quantitative RT-PCR, using total RNA extracted from tumor biopsies taken during the initial panendoscopy. Results The means calculated, in our study, for the three genes of interest (TS, TP, DPD) were lower in the responder group than those in the non-responder group. Discussion Our preliminary findings reveal trends that confirm the hypothesis that the lower the level of expression of the sensitivity genes, the better the clinical response to chemotherapy. They now form part of a larger study that is currently in progress.