bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude and practice about STD/ HIV AIDS among the health attendant staffs of a Tertiary Level hospital of Eastern Nepal
Authors: Poudel Masum , Bhandari R , Uprety S , Chaudhari S , Giri R , Yadav A , Baral DD 
Published: August 2017

Background: Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) surveys are possibly the most frequently used studies in health-seeking behaviour research. Health care workers serve as key players in the prevention and management of diseases. Their perceptions, attitudes and practices have implications for the management of diseases in both health centers and communities.Objective: To assess knowledge, attitude and practice towards STDs among health attendant staffs (health aids and health attendants) of BPKIHS.Methods: This is a descriptive cross sectional study. The study population was Health attendants and Health aids workers working in different departments of BPKIHS. Modified structured questionnaire was used for data collection. SPSS version 11.5 was used for data entry and analysis.Results: 180 Health attendants and Health aids working in different departments of BPKIHS participated in the study. 29% belonged to 30-34 age groups. 86% of study population had heard about STD/HIV/AIDS. 29% expressed that having intercourse without using condoms is known as unprotected sex. Unprotected sexual habits (40.6%), using mask, gloves while working (30%) were methods listed for prevention of transmission of STDs/HIV/AIDS.Conclusion: Majority were from 30-39 years group.86% had heard about STDs/HIV/AIDS. The commonest method to protect from STDs/HIV/AIDS were listed as avoiding multiple sex partners and use gloves and mask while working. Health Renaissance 2015;13 (3): 95-106
Alternative Storage Environments for Shelled Peanuts
Authors: Butts C.L. , Lamb M.C. , Sorensen R.B. , Powell S. , Cowart D. , Horm K. , Anthony B. , Bennett J. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Studies were conducted in small chambers and commercial storage facilities to evaluate the effect of storing shelled peanuts at 3, 13, and 21 C (38, 55, 70 F) for one year. Shelled medium runner peanuts from the 2014 crop were placed in the three different environments in Feb 2015, sampled at 60-d intervals until Feb 2016 (364 days). Difficulty maintaining the desired relative humidity of 65% in the 3 C unit, led to unacceptable mold growth and severely degraded seed germination. Peanuts stored at 21 C developed an infestation of Indian meal moth after 238 d in storage rendering the samples unsuitable for sensory analysis from that point forward. The infestation most likely occurred due to hatches of eggs that were present in the original samples. Sensory analyses showed very little change in the intensity of the Roasted Peanut flavor characteristic in either storage environments. There were no unacceptable increases in free fatty acids or peroxide values during the 1-yr storage period for peanuts stored at 13 C. The percent free fatty acids in peanuts stored at 13 C remained well below 1% throughout the 1-yr study. Commercial studies were conducted from Feb 2015 through Mar 2016. Six 60-d runs were conducted where three totes of medium runner peanuts from the same manufacturing lot were placed in commercial cold storage facilities maintained at 3 and 13 C. There were no differences in the initial moisture content of peanuts when placed in the two storage environments. However, after 30 and 60-d storage, the peanuts stored at 13 C tended to be an average of 0.3% dryer than those stored at 3 C. The peanuts had the highest increase in moisture between June and August 2015, with the moisture content after 30 and 60 d storage at 3 C averaged 8.1 and 7.7%, respectively. The peanuts stored in the 13 C environment averaged 7.6 and 7.3% moisture content after 30 and 60 d in storage, respectively. This study has shown that shelled peanuts can be stored for up to one year with no detrimental effects at temperatures up to 13 C and relative humidity ranging from 55 to 70%. Based on this research, the recommended temperature for storing shelled peanuts can be increased to 13 C, while maintaining the relative humidity between 55 and 70%.
Spectroscopic Characterization of Key Aromatic and Heterocyclic Molecules: A Route toward the Origin of Life
Authors: Puzzarini Cristina , Baiardi Alberto , Bloino Julien , Barone Vincenzo , Murphy Thomas E. , Drew H. Dennis , Ali Ashraf 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
To gain information on the abiotic synthesis of the building blocks of life from simple molecules, and their subsequent chemical evolution to biological systems, the starting point is the identification of target species in Titan-like planets; i.e., planets that resemble the primitive Earth, as well as in Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of their star, namely planets where life can be already originated. In this scenario, molecular spectroscopy plays a crucial role because spectroscopic signatures are at the basis of an unequivocal proof for the presence of these target molecules. Thanks to advances in many different techniques and NASA’s successful Kepler exoplanet transit mission, thousands of diverse planets outside of our solar system have been discovered. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), scheduled to be launched in 2018, will be very helpful in the identification of biosignature gases in Earth-like planets’ atmospheres and prebiotic molecule signatures in Titan-like atmospheres, by observing their absorption during transits. Although the search for key-target molecules in exoplanet atmospheres can be carried out by the JWST Transit Spectroscopy in the infrared (IR) region (0.6–29 μm wavelength range), opportunities for their detection in protostellar cores, protoplanetary disks, and on Titan are also offered by interferometric high spectral and spatial resolution observations using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. In the present work, target molecules have been selected, and their spectroscopic characterization presented in view of supporting their infrared and complementary millimeter/submillimeter-wave spectral observations. In detail, the selected target molecules include: (1) the three-membered oxygen-containing heterocycles, oxirane and protonated oxirane; (2) the cyclopropenyl cation and its methyl derivative; (3) two examples of ortho- and peri-fused tri-cyclic aromatic rings, i.e., the phenalenyl cation (

) and anion (

); and (4) uracil, a specific RNA base.
Limits on the Ultra-bright Fast Radio Burst Population from the CHIME Pathfinder
Authors: Amiri M. , Bandura K. , Berger P. , Bond J. R. , Cliche J. F. , Connor L. , Deng M. , Denman N. , Dobbs M. , Domagalski R. S. , Fandino M. , Gilbert A. J. , Good D. C. , Halpern M. , Hanna D. , Hincks A. D. , Hinshaw G. , Höfer C. , Hsyu G. , Klages P. , Landecker T. L. , Masui K. , Mena-Parra J. , Newburgh L. B. , Oppermann N. , Pen U. L. , Peterson J. B. , Pinsonneault-Marotte T. , Renard A. , Shaw J. R , Siegel S. R. , Sigurdson K. , Smith K. , Storer E. , Tretyakov I. , Vanderlinde K. , Wiebe D. V. ,   CHIME Scientific Collaboration
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present results from a new incoherent-beam fast radio burst (FRB) search on the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) Pathfinder. Its large instantaneous field of view (FoV) and relative thermal insensitivity allow us to probe the ultra-bright tail of the FRB distribution, and to test a recent claim that this distribution’s slope,

, is quite small. A 256-input incoherent beamformer was deployed on the CHIME Pathfinder for this purpose. If the FRB distribution were described by a single power law with α = 0.7, we would expect an FRB detection every few days, making this the fastest survey on the sky at present. We collected 1268 hr of data, amounting to one of the largest exposures of any FRB survey, with over 2.4 × 105 deg2 hr. Having seen no bursts, we have constrained the rate of extremely bright events to <13 sky−1 day−1 above

for τ between 1.3 and 100 ms, at 400–800 MHz. The non-detection also allows us to rule out α ≲ 0.9 with 95% confidence, after marginalizing over uncertainties in the GBT rate at 700–900 MHz, though we show that for a cosmological population and a large dynamic range in flux density, α is brightness dependent. Since FRBs now extend to large enough distances that non-Euclidean effects are significant, there is still expected to be a dearth of faint events and relative excess of bright events. Nevertheless we have constrained the allowed number of ultra-intense FRBs. While this does not have significant implications for deeper, large-FoV surveys like full CHIME and APERTIF, it does have important consequences for other wide-field, small dish experiments.
The Slowly Varying Corona. I. Daily Differential Emission Measure Distributions Derived from EVE Spectra
Authors: Schonfeld S. J. , White S. M. , Hock-Mysliwiec R. A. , McAteer R. T. J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Daily differential emission measure (DEM) distributions of the solar corona are derived from spectra obtained by the Extreme-ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE) over a 4 yr period starting in 2010 near solar minimum and continuing through the maximum of solar cycle 24. The DEMs are calculated using six strong emission features dominated by Fe lines of charge states viii, ix, xi, xii, xiv, and xvi that sample the nonflaring coronal temperature range 0.3–5 MK. A proxy for the non-Fe xviii emission in the wavelength band around the 93.9 Å line is demonstrated. There is little variability in the cool component of the corona (T < 1.3 MK) over the 4 yr, suggesting that the quiet-Sun corona does not respond strongly to the solar cycle, whereas the hotter component (T > 2.0 MK) varies by more than an order of magnitude. A discontinuity in the behavior of coronal diagnostics in 2011 February–March, around the time of the first X-class flare of cycle 24, suggests fundamentally different behavior in the corona under solar minimum and maximum conditions. This global state transition occurs over a period of several months. The DEMs are used to estimate the thermal energy of the visible solar corona (of order 1031 erg), its radiative energy loss rate ((2.5–8)

erg s−1), and the corresponding energy turnover timescale (about an hour). The uncertainties associated with the DEMs and these derived values are mostly due to the coronal Fe abundance and density and the CHIANTI atomic line database.
The State-of-the-art HST Astro-photometric Analysis of the Core of ω Centauri. III. The Main Sequence's Multiple Populations Galore*
Authors: Bellini A. , Milone A. P. , Anderson J. , Marino A. F. , Piotto G. , van der Marel R. P. , Bedin L. R. , King I. R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We take advantage of the exquisite quality of the Hubble Space Telescope 26-filter astro-photometric catalog of the core of ω Cen presented in the first paper of this series and the empirical differential-reddening correction presented in the second paper in order to distill the main sequence into its constituent populations. To this end, we restrict ourselves to the five most useful filters: the magic “trio” of F275W, F336W, and F438W, along with F606W and F814W. We develop a strategy for identifying color systems where different populations stand out most distinctly, then we isolate those populations and examine them in other filters where their subpopulations also come to light. In this way, we have identified at least 15 subpopulations, each of which has a distinctive fiducial curve through our five-dimensional photometric space. We confirm the MSa to be split into two subcomponents, and find that both the bMS and the rMS are split into three subcomponents. Moreover, we have discovered two additional MS groups: the MSd (which has three subcomponents) shares similar properties with the bMS, and the MSe (which has four subcomponents) has properties more similar to those of the rMS. We examine the fiducial curves together and use synthetic spectra to infer relative heavy-element, light-element, and helium abundances for the populations. Our findings show that the stellar populations and star formation history of ω Cen are even more complex than inferred previously. Finally, we provide as a supplement to the original catalog a list that identifies for each star which population it is most likely associated with.
Evidence for Spatially Correlated Gaia Parallax Errors in the Kepler Field
Authors: Zinn Joel C. , Huber Daniel , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Stello Dennis 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present evidence for a spatially dependent systematic error in the first data release of Gaia parallaxes based on comparisons to asteroseismic parallaxes in the Kepler field and provide a parameterized model of the angular dependence of these systematics. We report an error of

mas on scales of 0.°3, which decreases for larger scales to become

mas at 8°. This is consistent with the ∼2% zero-point offset for the whole sample discussed by Huber et al. and is compatible with the effect predicted by the Gaia team. Our results are robust to dust prescriptions and choices in temperature scales used to calculate asteroseismic parallaxes. We also do not find evidence for significant differences in the signal when using red clump versus red giant stars. Our approach allows us to quantify and map the correlations in an astrophysically interesting field, resulting in a parameterized model of the spatial systematics that can be used to construct a covariance matrix for any work that relies on TGAS parallaxes.
The 1600 Å Emission Bump in Protoplanetary Disks: A Spectral Signature of H2O Dissociation∗
Authors: France Kevin , Roueff Evelyne , Abgrall Hervé 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The FUV continuum spectrum of many accreting pre-main sequence stars, Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTSs), does not continue smoothly from the well-studied Balmer continuum emission in the NUV, suggesting that additional processes contribute to the short-wavelength emission in these objects. The most notable spectral feature in the FUV continuum of some CTTSs is a broad emission approximately centered at 1600 Å, which has been referred to as the “1600 Å Bump.” The origin of this feature remains unclear. In an effort to better understand the molecular properties of planet-forming disks and the UV spectral properties of accreting protostars, we have assembled archival FUV spectra of 37 disk-hosting systems observed by the Hubble Space Telescope-Cosmic Origins Spectrograph. Clear 1600 Å Bump emission is observed above the smooth, underlying 1100–1800 Å continuum spectrum in 19/37 Classical T Tauri disks in the HST-COS sample, with the detection rate in transition disks (8/8) being much higher than that in primordial or non-transition sources (11/29). We describe a spectral deconvolution analysis to separate the Bump (spanning 1490–1690 Å) from the underlying FUV continuum, finding an average Bump luminosity L(Bump) ≈ 7 × 1029 erg s−1. Parameterizing the Bump with a combination of Gaussian and polynomial components, we find that the 1600 Å Bump is characterized by a peak wavelength λ
o = 1598.6 ± 3.3 Å, with FWHM = 35.8 ± 19.1 Å. Contrary to previous studies, we find that this feature is inconsistent with models of H2 excited by electron -impact. We show that this Bump makes up between 5%–50% of the total FUV continuum emission in the 1490–1690 Å band and emits roughly 10%–80% of the total fluorescent H2 luminosity for stars with well-defined Bump features. Energetically, this suggests that the carrier of the 1600 Å Bump emission is powered by Lyα photons. We argue that the most likely mechanism is Lyα-driven dissociation of H2O in the inner disk, r ≲ 2 au. We demonstrate that non-thermally populated H2O fragments can qualitatively account for the observed emission (discrete and continuum) and find that the average Lyα-driven H2O dissociation rate is 1.7 × 1042 water molecules s−1.
Supermassive Black Holes as the Regulators of Star Formation in Central Galaxies
Authors: Terrazas Bryan A. , Bell Eric F. , Woo Joanna , Henriques Bruno M. B. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present the relationship between the black hole mass, stellar mass, and star formation rate (SFR) of a diverse group of 91 galaxies with dynamically measured black hole masses. For our sample of galaxies with a variety of morphologies and other galactic properties, we find that the specific SFR is a smoothly decreasing function of the ratio between black hole mass and stellar mass, or what we call the specific black hole mass. In order to explain this relation, we propose a physical framework where the gradual suppression of a galaxy’s star formation activity results from the adjustment to an increase in specific black hole mass, and accordingly, an increase in the amount of heating. From this framework, it follows that at least some galaxies with intermediate specific black hole masses are in a steady state of partial quiescence with intermediate specific SFRs, implying that both transitioning and steady-state galaxies live within this region that is known as the “green valley.” With respect to galaxy formation models, our results present an important diagnostic with which to test various prescriptions of black hole feedback and its effects on star formation activity.
A Radio Astronomy Search for Cold Dark Matter Axions
Authors: Kelley Katharine , Quinn P. J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The search for axions has gained ground in recent years, with laboratory searches for cold dark matter (CDM) axions, relativistic solar axions, and ultra-light axions as the subject of extensive literature. In particular, the interest in axions as CDM candidates has been motivated by their potential to account for all of the inferred values of

in the standard

model. Indeed, the value of

could be provided by a light axion. We investigate the possibility of complementing existing axion search experiments with radio telescope observations in an attempt to detect axion conversion in astrophysical magnetic fields. Searching for a CDM axion signal from a large-scale astrophysical environment provides new challenges, with the magnetic field structure playing a crucial role in both the rate of interaction and the properties of the observed photon. However, with a predicted frequency in the radio band (200 MHz–200 GHz) and a distinguishable spectral profile, next-generation radio telescopes may offer new opportunities for detection. The SKA-mid telescope has a planned frequency range of 0.4–13.8 GHz with optimal sensitivity in the range of ∼2–7 GHz. Considering observations at ∼500 MHz, the limiting sensitivity is expected to be ∼0.04 mK based on a 24 hr integration time. This compares with a predicted CDM axion all-sky signal temperature of ∼0.04 mK using SKA Phase 1 telescopes and up to ∼1.17 mK using a collecting area of (1 km)2 as planned for Phase 2.
Ultraviolet Light Curves of Gaia16apd in Superluminous Supernova Models
Authors: Tolstov Alexey , Zhiglo Andrey , Nomoto Ken’ichi , Sorokina Elena , Kozyreva Alexandra , Blinnikov Sergei 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Observations of Gaia16apd revealed extremely luminous ultraviolet emission among superluminous supernovae (SLSNe). Using radiation hydrodynamics simulations, we perform a comparison of UV light curves, color temperatures, and photospheric velocities between the most popular SLSN models: pair-instability supernova, magnetar, and interaction with circumstellar medium. We find that the interaction model is the most promising to explain the extreme UV luminosity of Gaia16apd. The differences in late-time UV emission and in color evolution found between the models can be used to link an observed SLSN event to the most appropriate model. Observations at UV wavelengths can be used to clarify the nature of SLSNe and more attention should be paid to them in future follow-up observations.
Conversion et apostasie au regard du droit malikite médiéval
Authors: Aillet Cyrille 
Published: August 2017

L’apostasie, plus que la conversion elle-même, est ce qui préoccupe au premier chef les sources narratives et les juristes de l’Islam médiéval. Le corpus juridique permet de préciser selon quelles formules légales et quels rites s’effectuent ces changements de statut. L’examen du fiqh permet de souligner les liens entre conversion et abjuration et d’analyser la doctrine de la « sincérité ». Il révèle une image de la conversion islamique plus complexe que celle que l’on retient habituellement.
Dans les petits papiers du pouvoir. Abjurations huguenotes du temps de l’édit de Nemours (1585)
Authors: Foa Jérémie 
Published: August 2017

L’article interroge la mise en œuvre de l’édit de Nemours (juillet 1585) dans la France des guerres de Religion. Après avoir établi que ses conséquences furent non négligeables, on s’interroge sur la manière dont il fut appliqué. Qui en furent les maîtres d’œuvre ? Quel savoir-faire fut mis en place pour traquer les faux convertis, contraindre les néophytes à tenir parole ? L’article aborde dans un dernier temps le problème du niveau d’adhésion, notamment aux formules eucharistiques catholiques qui étaient exigées des convertis.
Normes séculières et conversions religieuses dans les corporations d’artisans de la République polono-lituanienne (XVIe-XVIIe siècle)
Authors: Tatarenko Laurent 
Published: August 2017

Les réglementations des corporations urbaines de l’époque moderne définissaient de manière rigoureuse les conditions d’accès aux métiers, ainsi que les statuts et les devoirs de leurs membres. Dans les grandes villes de Pologne-Lituanie, ces textes normatifs comportaient également des indications précises sur les appartenances confessionnelles des individus et leurs obligations religieuses au moment des célébrations communes. Ces mentions explicites devaient permettre d’accueillir les artisans protestants et les populations orthodoxes, présentes sur ces territoires, tout en imposant une répartition stricte entre les fidèles de chaque Église afin de prévenir les tensions. Si ces structures ont constitué au départ un obstacle aux conversions des individus, elles sont devenues au cours du XVIIe siècle un relais local des nouveaux rapports de force, issus de la « reconquête » catholique des élites politiques.
La condition juridique du juif converti dans le Traité sur les juifs de Giuseppe Sessa (1717)
Authors: Poutrin Isabelle 
Published: August 2017

Le Traité sur les juifs de G. Sessa (1717) offre une vision d’ensemble du changement de condition juridique qu’entraînait le baptême pour les juifs de l’État de Piémont au début du XVIIIe siècle. Les normes exposées et discutées par le juriste turinois sont ancrées dans le droit canonique médiéval et moderne ; elles concernent les modalités de la conversion, les affaires d’argent, les conséquences de la conversion en matière familiale et patrimoniale. Elles témoignent de l’ambivalence de la société majoritaire à l’égard des convertis puisqu’elles visent à favoriser les conversions, mais aussi à imposer au néophyte une période de mise à l’épreuve.