bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the risk of overexploitation to a tarantula species in the pet trade
Authors: Rivera Shannon Noelle , Joanny Laure , Vique Isabel , Middleton Rebekah , Veríssimo Diogo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe global pet trade in invertebrates remains poorly understood and underrepresented in policy and research. Tarantulas are a highly traded invertebrate group. Many individuals in trade are wild caught, and trade regulation is often lacking, raising concerns about the effect of trade on local ecosystems and populations. We addressed local concerns surrounding the international trade of Tapinauchenius rasti (Caribbean diamond tarantula), which is endemic to Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. We assessed the extinction risks associated with this widely traded species by analyzing supply of and demand for the species with the COM‐B (capability, opportunity, motivation, behavior) model. This model breaks down decision‐making into capability, opportunity, and motivation. We interviewed stakeholders throughout the supply chain and analyzed content of an online hobbyist forum and a time series of prices for this species and other tarantulas. In terms of motivation, there was limited preference for the Caribbean diamond tarantula due to its morphology and behavior. In terms of opportunity, the species was readily available, primarily through captive breeding. Collecting wild specimens is challenging due to enforcement measures and logistical difficulties, making it an unprofitable endeavor. In terms of capability, the species was relatively low in price, likely because it is easy to breed in captivity. As a result, the current wildlife trade does not pose a significant threat to the Caribbean diamond tarantula. Our methodology can serve as a valuable tool for assessing potential threats posed by trade to other spider species and possibly other invertebrates. Understanding these threats is crucial for promoting responsible and sustainable trade practices that minimize risks to wild populations while ensuring equitable benefits for communities coexisting with wildlife.
The chromatin accessibility landscape of mouse oocytes during configuration transition
Authors: Zhu Shuai , Li Jiashuo , Wang Xiuwan , Jin Yifei , Wang Hengjie , An Huiqing , Sun Hongzheng , Han Longsen , Shen Bin , Wang Qiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe transition of chromatin configuration in mammalian oocytes from a non‐surrounded nucleolus (NSN) to a surrounded nucleolus (SN) is critical for acquiring the developmental competence. However, the genomic and epigenomic features underlying this process remain poorly understood. In the present study, we first establish the chromatin accessibility landscape of mouse oocytes from NSN to SN stage. Through the integrative analysis of multi‐omics, we find that the establishment of DNA methylation in oocytes is independent of the dynamics of chromatin accessibility. In contrast, histone H3K4me3 status is closely associated with the dynamics of accessible regions during configuration transition. Furthermore, by focusing on the actively transcribed genes in NSN and SN oocytes, we discover that chromatin accessibility coupled with histone methylation (H3K4me3 and H3K27me3) participates in the transcriptional control during phase transition. In sum, our data provide a comprehensive resource for probing configuration transition in oocytes, and offer insights into the mechanisms determining chromatin dynamics and oocyte quality.
Striated duct adenoma: The cytological description of a rare entity
Authors: De La Torre Serrano Montserrat , Alarcón García Lorenzo , Colino Gallardo Ana María , Vega‐Gonzalez Jesus , Bergillos Giménez María Reyes , Hernandez Martinez Desiré , Garcia Egido Alejandro , Iglesias Moreno María Cruz , Pérez‐Alonso Pablo , Plaza Hernandez José Carlos , Fernández‐Aceñero M. Jesús 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionStriated duct adenoma is a benign salivary gland tumour recently recognized by the World Health Organization. To date, no report has described the cytological features of this entity.Materials and MethodsWe report the case of a 60‐year‐old woman with a tumour in the right parotid gland with a diameter greater than 2.4 cm confirmed by imaging tests.ResultsTwo fine‐needle aspiration cytologies (FNAC) were performed with inconclusive results, reporting epithelioid and spindle‐shaped cellularity, with little stroma, and nuclei with abundant pseudoinclusions. Myoepithelioma and Schwannoma were proposed as differential diagnoses. An immunocytochemical panel was performed, showing positivity for S‐100, SOX10, CK7 and vimentin, and negativity for both myoepithelial (p63 and calponin) and thyroid markers. In the absence of a conclusive diagnosis, the patient accepted surgery. The biopsy results confirmed diagnosis of striated duct adenoma, with immunohistochemical features superimposable to cytology.ConclusionLittle information is available in the literature, both on biopsy and, more strikingly, on cytology of this neoplasm. The aim of this work is to provide cytological characteristics that allow diagnosis of this entity with FNAC and thus avoid unnecessary surgeries.
Medico‐legal evaluation of occupational skin diseases and occupational skin cancer
Authors: Skudlik Christoph 
Published: September 2024

SummaryThe medico‐legal evaluation of occupational skin diseases is one of the core competencies of dermatology. As a neutral medical expert, the dermatologist has a different role to that of a treating physician. In Germany, the so‐called Bamberg Recommendation (Bamberger Empfehlung) provides a scientifically based assessment basis to ensure equal treatment of all persons undergoing medico‐legal evaluation. In addition to dermatological expertise, knowledge of insurance law and legal terminology is essential for the medical expert. Dermatologists provide legal and administrative decisions of social courts and social insurance institutions with their qualified expert opinions. In this way, dermatology makes an important contribution to social security.
Performance of the MiniMed 780G system on mitigating menstrual cycle‐dependent glycaemic variability
Authors: Elhenawy Yasmine Ibrahim , Abdel Kader Mohamed S. , Thabet Rasha A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo map the glycaemic variabilities and insulin requirements across different phases of the menstrual cycle and assess the efficacy and performance of the MiniMed 780G system on mitigating glycaemic variabilities during phases of the menstrual cycle.Materials and MethodsA pilot study recruiting 15 adolescent and young adult females with type 1 diabetes was conducted. Only females with regular spontaneous menstruation were enrolled in the current study. Phases of each menstrual cycle were determined as either follicular phase or luteal phase. The study analysed continuous glucose monitoring metrics during two study periods: the open loop period (OLP) and the advanced hybrid closed‐loop (AHCL) period; each period lasted 3 consecutive months.ResultsDuring the OLP, the mean time in range (TIR) significantly decreased during the luteal phase compared with the follicular phase (65.13% ± 3.07% vs. 70.73% ± 2.05%) (P < .01). The mean time above range significantly increased from 21.07% ± 2.58% during the follicular phase to 24.87% ± 2.97% during the luteal phase (P < .01). After initiating the AHCL period, TIR was comparable during both phases of the menstrual cycle (P = .72), without increasing the time spent below 70 mg/dL (P > .05). Regarding insulin delivery during the AHCL period, the percentage of Auto basal and Auto correction delivered by the algorithm increased by 13.55% and 30.6%, respectively (P < .01), during the luteal phase.ConclusionsThe fully automated adaptive algorithm of the MiniMed 780G system mitigated menstrual cycle‐dependent glycaemic variability, successfully attaining the recommended glycaemic outcomes with a TIR greater than 70% throughout the entire menstrual cycle.
Acceptable finger pointing: How evaluators judge the ethicality of blame shifting
Authors: Antonetti Paolo , Baghi Ilaria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearch shows how blame shifting deemed unethical by evaluators leads to a damaging reputational backlash. Yet, scholars have not determined how evaluators judge if blame‐shifting messages are ethical. To fill this gap, we develop a conceptual model of evaluators' judgments of blame‐shifting ethicality, integrating insights from ethical decision‐making and the ethics of blame. The ethical evaluation of blame shifting is based on perceptions of target blameworthiness, the motives of the blamer, and message fairness. These three perceptions explain the evaluators' judgment of whether blame shifting is ethical. Furthermore, the model explains why at times evaluators fail to develop a detailed ethical evaluation of the message. Organizational blame shifting in these circumstances can be effective and yet unethical because evaluators do not cognitively process the relevant ethical factors. This article contributes to research on blame shifting by explaining how evaluators judge ethicality and examining the conditions for ethical blame shifting.
Synergies between price and life history enhance extinction risk in open‐access fisheries
Authors: Feitosa Leonardo Manir , Burgess Matthew G. , Free Christopher M. , Gaines Steven D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere have been few documented extinctions of fished species, but many bioeconomic models predict that open‐access incentives make extinction possible. Open‐access multi‐species fisheries can cause species' extinction if other, faster‐growing species maintain profits at fatal effort levels. Even target species can be profitably harvested to extinction if their prices rise sufficiently as they are depleted. Here, we explore interactions between these potential extinction mechanisms by modelling an open‐access multi‐species fishery with one or multiple fleets exploiting two species, each with different growth rates, ex‐vessel prices, and price dynamics. Increases in the strong stock's (the stock with higher productivity relative to fishing susceptibility) price as it is depleted increase the range of conditions under which the weak stock can be driven extinct and shrinks the range of bioeconomic parameters in which both species can coexist under open‐access. Catch hyperstability – whereby species become easier to catch as they are depleted – makes the weak stock weaker as it is depleted and further narrows the scope for coexistence. Fleet diversity in targeting ability can prevent weak stock extinction, as competition or switching balances species abundances. With few documented global fished‐species extinctions, our results raise important questions, which we discuss. Is the apparent lack of extinctions largely due to management? Are more species in lightly‐managed fisheries threatened with extinction than previously acknowledged? Have more extinctions than we realize already happened in data‐ and management‐poor fisheries? Or have fishes' high fecundity and the oceans' vastness provided protection against extinction that is uncaptured by existing theoretical models?
Evaluating the importance of vertical environmental variables for albacore fishing grounds in tropical Atlantic Ocean using machine learning and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) approach
Authors: Zhang Tianjiao , Guo Hu , Song Liming , Yuan Hongchun , Sui Hengshou , Li Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study aims to find reliable vertical environmental variables for modeling the fishing grounds of albacore (Thunnus alalunga) in the tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Logbook data of 13 Chinese longliners operating in the high seas of the Atlantic Ocean from 2016 to 2019 were collected and matched with vertical environmental variables including dissolved oxygen, temperature, and salinity from 0 to 500 m at 50‐m depth intervals. Then four machine learning (ML) models: decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), light gradient boosting (LGB) and categorical boosting (CGB) were constructed and compared with generalized additive models (GAMs) within spatial resolutions of .5° × .5°, 1° × 1°, and 2° × 2° grids to find the significant features. The importance of each variable was ranked and compared based on Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) approach across five ML models at three resolutions. Results showed that (1) the vertical environmental variables—temperature at the depth of 100 m and dissolved oxygen concentration at the depth of 100 and 150 m—were the significant features that contributed most to all the ML models at three spatial resolutions; (2) the models with a spatial resolution of 2° × 2° grid exhibited higher accuracy compared to the models with .5° × .5° and 1° × 1° grids; (3) the RF model had the best prediction performance among all the models tested. Our results suggested that significant vertical environmental variables showed similar importance across different ML models at different resolutions, and these specific variables can be relied upon for accurately predicting the fishing grounds of albacore in the tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean.
Sustainable Biofuel Production Utilizing Nanotechnology: Challenges and Potential Solutions
Authors: Mehejabin Fatema , Musharrat Afla , Ahmed Shams Forruque , Kabir Zobaidul , Khan T. M. Yunus , Saleel C. Ahamed 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe transition to biofuels as viable alternatives to fossil fuels is increasingly critical, given the rising demand for sustainable energy. However, biofuel production is hindered by challenges such as feedstock scarcity, elevated production costs, and environmental impacts. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly improve the efficiency and durability of biofuel production processes, thereby overcoming these challenges. Although there has been significant research on using nanomaterials in biofuel production, there needs to be more emphasis on understanding and addressing the difficulties of integrating these materials and developing strategies to overcome them. This review systematically examines the role of nanotechnology in various biofuel production pathways, including biodiesel, biogas, bioethanol, biohydrogen, hydrotreated vegetable oils, and Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. We discuss how nanomaterials improve key aspects of biofuel production, such as catalysis, microbial conversion, biomass pretreatment, and separation. Despite these advancements, nanotechnology has challenges, including nanoparticle toxicity, increased operational costs, and technical limitations. We propose potential solutions to these issues, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative approaches. By effectively integrating nanotechnology into biofuel production, the energy sector can move toward a more sustainable and environmentally friendly future.
Indonesian dentists' views on providing oral health care for older adults
Authors: Werdiningsih Monika , Ramadhani Atik , Samnieng Patcharaphol , John Jacob , Adiatman Melissa 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundWith demographic changes in aging populations, dentists require special care protocols to treat older adults with diverse and complex oral health needs and problems. Knowledge, positive attitudes, and sufficient practice experience are essential components for promptly treating older adults. However, many dentists encounter multiple barriers influencing their willingness to provide care for older adults. This study assessed Indonesian dentists' knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) in providing oral health care (OHC) for older adults, including their willingness and barriers.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey was conducted with 392 dentists employing an online questionnaire between April and June 2022. The respondents' KAP was categorised utilising a modified Blooms' cut‐off point of ≥60%. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, the x2 test, and logistic regression.ResultsMost dentists demonstrated adequate knowledge (62.2%), a positive attitude (95.4%), sufficient practice experience (91.6%), and a high willingness (98%) to provide OHC services for older adults. However, 91.4% encountered barriers primarily related to interpersonal communication, disease complexity and polypharmacy, and patient functional status. Significant associations were found between dentists' attitudes toward practices and willingness to attend geriatric dentistry training with knowledge.ConclusionImplementation of continuing professional development (CPD) in geriatric dentistry, the inclusion of geriatric dentistry into the undergraduate curriculum, and enhancing clinic accessibility for older adults may improve dentists' preparedness and benefit the future provision of OHC for older adults in Indonesia.
Occipital condyle syndrome due to small‐cell lung carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Yamashita Satoshi , Kinouchi Toru , Otsu Tomoyuki , Tsumura Makoto , Taira Akihiko , Tomura Masaki , Mizuno Yuri , Akamatsu Naoki , Murai Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSkull base metastases, including those from small‐cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), can present with various syndromes depending on the site of involvement, such as orbital syndrome, parasellar syndrome, middle fossa syndrome, jugular foramen syndrome, and occipital condyle syndrome (OCS). One such example is OCS, which consists of unilateral occipital headache accompanied with ipsilateral hypoglossal palsy. This case report describes a 51‐year‐old man initially diagnosed with OCS, which led to the discovery of systemic bone metastases from SCLC. Magnetic resonance imaging showed lesions in the occipital condyle and hypoglossal canal, while positron emission tomography‐computed tomography identified a lung mass and widespread metastases. SCLC is highly aggressive and metastatic, with the bone being a common site of spread. In this case, the OCS preceded the diagnosis of the underlying malignancy. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial, as patients with OCS often have advanced disease. This case highlights the importance of considering SCLC as a potential etiology for OCS, given the propensity for bone metastases. Early recognition and evaluation of OCS is essential to initiate appropriate management.
Impact of Interventions on Medication Adherence in Patients With Coexisting Diabetes and Hypertension
Authors: Maniki Pauline Tendai , Chaar Betty Bouad , Aslani Parisa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe coexistence of diabetes and hypertension is prevalent due to shared risk factors. Pharmacological treatment has been reported to be effective in managing both conditions. However, treatment effectiveness depends on the extent to which a patient adheres to their treatment. Poor adherence to long‐term treatment for chronic diseases is a growing global problem of significant magnitude. Several interventions have been developed to help improve medication adherence in patients with coexisting diabetes and hypertension. This review aimed to determine the characteristics of these interventions and their impact on medication adherence.MethodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted using the PRISMA guidelines and registered in the PROSPERO International Registry of Systematic Reviews. Studies were searched in the databases CINAHL, Embase and Medline to identify relevant articles published during 2012–2023. The search concepts included ‘medication adherence’, ‘hypertension’, ‘diabetes’ and ‘intervention’. Studies were included if they were in English and evaluated the impact of an intervention aimed at promoting adherence to medications for both diabetes and hypertension.ResultsSeven studies met the inclusion criteria, with five demonstrating a statistically significant improvement in medication adherence. Of the five studies that improved medication adherence, four were multifaceted and one was a single‐component intervention. All successful interventions addressed at least two factors influencing non‐adherence. Patient education was the foundation of most of the successful interventions, supported by other strategies, such as follow‐ups and reminders.ConclusionMultifaceted interventions that also included patient education had a positive impact on medication adherence in patients with coexisting diabetes and hypertension. Improving adherence in patients with coexisting diabetes and hypertension requires a multipronged approach that considers the range of factors impacting medication‐taking.Patient or Public ContributionThis systematic review provides comprehensive insights into the benefits of patient‐centred approaches in intervention development and strengthening. Such patient involvement ensures that medication adherence interventions are more relevant, acceptable and effective, ultimately leading to better health outcomes and more meaningful patient engagement in healthcare research.
Global meta‐analysis of physicians' experiences of workplace sexual harassment by patients
Authors: Kamau‐Mitchell Caroline , Bin Waleed Khalid , Gallagher Mark M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe World Health Organization recognises that sexual harassment is an occupational hazard in medicine, but the prevalence of sexual harassment by patients is unknown. This global meta‐analysis found that a pooled prevalence of 45.13% of 18 803 physicians from several specialities (e.g. internal medicine and surgery) have ever experienced it. Hospitals should implement protective measures such as panic alarms for night shifts and isolated wards.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors in infectious disease
Authors: King Hannah A. D. , Lewin Sharon R. 
Published: September 2024

SummaryFollowing success in cancer immunotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade is emerging as an exciting potential treatment for some infectious diseases, specifically two chronic viral infections, HIV and hepatitis B. Here, we will discuss the function of immune checkpoints, their role in infectious disease pathology, and the ability of immune checkpoint blockade to reinvigorate the immune response. We focus on blockade of programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1) to induce durable immune‐mediated control of HIV, given that anti‐PD‐1 can restore function to exhausted HIV‐specific T cells and also reverse HIV latency, a long‐lived form of viral infection. We highlight several key studies and future directions of research in relation to anti‐PD‐1 and HIV persistence from our group, including the impact of immune checkpoint blockade on the establishment (AIDS, 2018, 32, 1491), maintenance (PLoS Pathog, 2016, 12, e1005761; J Infect Dis, 2017, 215, 911; Cell Rep Med, 2022, 3, 100766) and reversal of HIV latency (Nat Commun, 2019, 10, 814; J Immunol, 2020, 204, 1242), enhancement of HIV‐specific T cell function (J Immunol, 2022, 208, 54; iScience, 2023, 26, 108165), and investigating the effects of anti‐PD‐1 and anti‐CTLA‐4 in vivo in people with HIV on ART with cancer (Sci Transl Med, 2022, 14, eabl3836; AIDS, 2021, 35, 1631; Clin Infect Dis, 2021, 73, e1973). Our future work will focus on the impact of anti‐PD‐1 in vivo in people with HIV on ART without cancer and potential combinations of anti‐PD‐1 with other interventions, including therapeutic vaccines or antibodies and less toxic immune checkpoint blockers.