bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CAT SCRATCH DISEASE IMITATING A TOXOCARA GRANULOMA OF THE OPTIC DISK
Authors: Sayyad Fouad E. , Zeglam Ahmaida , Agarwal-Sinha Swati 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
The study reports an unusual presentation of a young female patient presenting with a granulomatous posterior pole mass and profound vision loss secondary to infection with Bartonella henselae.

Methods:
A single case report in a child.

Results:
An 8-year-old female presented with a recent history of flu-like illness associated with profound vision loss, panuveitis and leukocoria in the left eye. She was found to have a posterior granulomatous mass associated with an exudative retinal detachment presumed as a toxocara granuloma. Magnetic Resonance Imaging ruled out retinoblastoma. Lab work done was negative for toxocariasis and positive for Bartonella henselae titers. She was treated for Cat Scratch Disease (CSD) with steroids and azithromycin. With treatment, the inflammation and exudative retinal detachment resolved, however, the patient had no improvement in visual acuity.

Conclusions:
Young patients presenting with leukocoria need a full work up, which includes ruling out retinoblastoma. CSD can present as a granulomatous mass similar to toxocariasis, which can rarely lead to debilitating and irreversible vision loss.
Vitamin B1 Deficiency Related to Excessive Soft Drink Consumption in Japan
Authors: Okumura Akihisa , Ida Shinobu , Mori Masaaki , Shimizu Toshiaki ,   Committee on Pediatric Nutrition of the Child Health Consortium of Japan
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to clarify the picture of vitamin B1 deficiency (VB1D) caused by excessive soft drink consumption in Japan. A nationwide survey of children with soft drink‐induced VB1D was conducted using a structured research form. Patient information was obtained from 2 sources: training hospitals for board‐certified pediatricians and those identified by a database search. We obtained data from 33 children. Twenty‐one children had a nonnurturing home environment. The median duration of excessive soft drink intake was 3.5 months and the daily intake was 1000 mL or more in 25 children. Infection was the most common reason for excessive soft drink consumption. Only 4 children had the classical triad of Wernicke encephalopathy. One child died, and 12 had neurological sequelae. A majority of children with soft drink‐induced VB1D did not have a nurturing home environment. It is imperative to establish measures to prevent future cases of VB1D.
Noninvasive Methods of Predicting Large Esophageal Varices in Children With Intrahepatic Portal Hypertension
Authors: Adami Marina Rossato , Kieling Carlos Oscar , Schwengber Fernando Pereira , Hirakata Vania N. , Vieira Sandra Maria Gonçalves 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:Esophageal variceal bleeding is a severe complication of portal hypertension. The standard diagnostic screening test and therapeutic procedure for esophageal varices (EV) is endoscopy, which is invasive in pediatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the role of noninvasive parameters as predictors of large varices in children with intrahepatic portal hypertension.Methods:Participants included in this cross‐sectional study underwent a screening endoscopy. Variceal size, red marks, and portal gastropathy were assessed and rated. Patients were classified into two groups: Group 1 (G1) with small or no varices and Group 2 (G2) with large varices. The population consisted of 98 children with no history of gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, with a mean age of 8.9 ± 4.7 years. The main outcome evaluated was the presence of large varices.Results:The first endoscopy session revealed the presence of large varices in 32 children. The best noninvasive predictors for large varices were platelets (Area under the ROC Curve [AUROC] 0.67; 95% CI 0.57–0.78), the Clinical Prediction Rule (CPR; AUROC 0.65; 95% CI 0.54–0.76), and risk score (AUROC 0.66; 95% CI 0.56–0.76). The logistic regression model showed that children with a CPR value under 114 were 8.59 times more likely to have large varices. Risk scores higher than −1.2 also increased the likelihood of large varices (OR 6.09; P = 0.014), as did a platelet count/spleen size z score lower than 25 (OR 3.99; P = 0.043). The combination of these three tests showed a high negative predictive value.Conclusions:The CPR, the risk score, and the platelet count/spleen size z score could be helpful in identifying cirrhotic children who may be eligible for endoscopy.
Emergency Intubations in a High-Volume Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Pek Jen Heng , Ong Gene Yong-Kwang 
Published: November 2017

Introduction
Resuscitation of critically ill children can be chaotic, and emergency airway management is often fraught with difficulties. This study aimed to characterize the Singaporean landscape of tracheal intubation in a pediatric emergency unit, placing emphasis on safety outcomes, procedural process of care, and provider training.

Methods
A retrospective review of all cases presented to the KK Women's and Children's Hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 with intubation carried out within the pediatric emergency unit was done. Medical records were accessed for data collection, and the information was subsequently used for analysis.

Results
A total of 207 intubations were carried out in the pediatric emergency unit. The median age was 4 years (interquartile range, 11 months to 8 years). Oral tracheal intubation with the combination of sedation and paralysis was the main approach. Atropine was used for pretreatment in 156 cases (75.4%). Midazolam was the most commonly used induction agent, and succinylcholine was the most commonly used the paralytic agent. Intubation was achieved on the first attempt in 175 cases (84.5%). Postintubation sedation was initiated in 94 cases (45.4%). Postintubation paralysis was initiated in 50 cases (24.2%). Postintubation analgesia was initiated in 13 cases (6.3%). Twenty emergency intubations (9.7%) were associated with at least 1 tracheal intubation adverse event, with 7 cases (3.4%) having severe tracheal intubation adverse events. In 1 case (0.5%), the patient died within the pediatric emergency unit, and 27 patients (13.0%) did not survive to discharge from the hospital.

Conclusions
All tracheal intubations performed were successful. Variance still exists in tracheal intubation practice. Further elucidation of patient, practice, and provider factors will aid development of a bundle quality improvement intervention directed at addressing these factors.
Important Considerations for Performing Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Sbitany Hani 
Published: November 2017

Summary:
Prepectoral breast reconstruction has emerged as an excellent technique for postmastectomy reconstruction, as it allows for full preservation of a patient’s pectoralis major muscle and chest wall function. This reduces pain, eliminates animation deformity, and results in high patient satisfaction. Safely performed prepectoral breast reconstruction requires a careful patient selection process before committing to the procedure, taking into account comorbidities, radiation status, and oncologic criteria such as tumor location and breast cancer stage. Furthermore, a thorough intraoperative assessment of mastectomy skin flaps is critical, with careful and precise confirmation that the skin is viable and well perfused, prior to proceeding with prepectoral breast reconstruction. This can be done both clinically and with perfusion assessment devices. The use of acellular dermal matrix (ADM) has enhanced outcomes and aesthetics of prepectoral reconstruction, by providing implant coverage and soft-tissue support. The ADM also adds the benefit of reducing capsular contracture rates and offers full control over the aesthetic definition of the newly reconstructed breast pocket. Aesthetic enhancement of results requires routine use of oversizing implants in the skin envelope, careful selection of full capacity or cohesive gel implants, and autologous fat grafting. In this way, patients in all clinical scenarios can benefit from the full muscle-sparing technique of prepectoral breast reconstruction, including those undergoing immediate reconstruction, delayed reconstruction, and delayed conversion from a subpectoral to prepectoral plane to correct animation deformity.
Options in Acellular Dermal Matrix–Device Assembly
Authors: Sigalove Steven 
Published: November 2017

Summary:
Prepectoral prosthetic breast reconstruction has become increasingly popular during the last several years. Original shortcomings and poor outcomes in the 1970s have been overcome with the use of the bioengineered breast concept—namely, use of improved form stable breast implants, autologous fat grafting, and acellular dermal matrices (ADMs). Careful use of these reconstructive tools combined with improved mastectomy skin flaps has lead to successful early outcomes. Prepectoral breast reconstruction mitigates the animation deformities and muscle tightness previously associated with dual-plane prosthetic breast reconstruction while at the same time producing reproducible and outstanding aesthetic outcomes. The use of ADM is a critical component to performing prepectoral breast reconstruction. There are many techniques utilized to inset the ADM. Various methods of direct in vivo inset have been performed. These techniques are employed following completion of the mastectomy and are performed with both 2-stage as well as single-stage direct-to-implant reconstruction. Various ex vivo techniques have also been used for prepectoral breast reconstruction. Various prefabricated constructs of ADM and implant/tissue expander can be created on the back table while the mastectomy is in progress, which decreases operative time and improves surgical efficiency. This article will describe briefly the history of prepectoral reconstruction as well as describing the various techniques used for creating the ADM-device interphase.
Prepectoral Breast Reconstruction: The Breast Surgeon’s Perspective
Authors: Storm-Dickerson Toni , Sigalove Noemi 
Published: November 2017

Summary:
Prepectoral breast reconstruction has been reemerging as a technique for postmastectomy implant-based reconstruction. Due to its advantage in eliminating animation deformity, shortening length of hospital stay and decreasing the amount of narcotics used for pain control, the technique has been embraced by patients and surgeons alike. The authors examined the breast surgeon’s perspective regarding prepectoral reconstruction taking into consideration oncologic criteria, breast cancer recurrence, surgical technique, and the team approach to patient care.
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in central nervous system infections
Authors: Nau Roland , Seele Jana , Djukic Marija , Eiffert Helmut 
Published: November 2017

Purpose of review
The barriers surrounding the central nervous system (CNS) together with the emergence of multiresistant pathogens pose a therapeutic challenge for the effective treatment of CNS infections.

Recent findings
In addition to vancomycin, colistin and aminoglycosides, classically used for intrathecal injection, drug concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid after intrathecal injection of daptomycin and tigecyclin were recently studied.

Summary
The entry of antiinfectives into the CNS compartments is determined by the physicochemical properties of the drug and by conditions in the host. The most important drug properties are lipophilicity at a neutral pH, molecular mass and drug binding to serum proteins. In clinical practice, active transport is of importance only for some drugs. In recent years, intrathecal injection of antiinfectives in addition to systemic therapy has regained attention as a means to achieve high cerebrospinal fluid concentrations. The classification of antibacterials and antifungals into time-dependent and concentration-dependent compounds is also valid for the CNS compartments.
18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging of Hidradenocarcinoma Arising From Preexisting Hidradenoma of the Knee
Authors: Patel Tirth V. , Oldan Jorge 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Malignant tumors of the sweat glands are exceedingly rare and aggressive tumors. We present here a case of a 60-year-old man with a malignant hidradenocarcinoma that developed in a background of preexisting benign hidradenoma on the lateral aspect of the knee that was initially resected, but rapidly recurred with associated inguinal lymphadenopathy. 18F-FDG PET/CT was performed as part of preoperative staging, which demonstrated abnormal inguinal lymph nodes and metastatic disease to the lungs. FDG PET/CT can play an invaluable role in the initial staging and follow-up of this rare malignancy.
Incisional Hernia After Midline Versus Transverse Specimen Extraction Incision
Authors: Lee Lawrence , Mata Juan , Droeser Raoul A. , Kaneva Pepa , Liberman Sender , Charlebois Patrick , Stein Barry , Fried Gerald M. , Feldman Liane S. 
Published: November 2017

Objective:
To compare the incidence of incisional hernia (IH) between midline and transverse specimen extraction site in patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy.

Background:
Midline specimen extraction incision is most commonly used in laparoscopic colectomy, but has high IH risk. IH may be lower for transverse incision.

Methods:
A single-center superiority trial was conducted. Eligible patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy were randomly assigned to midline or transverse specimen extraction. Primary outcome was IH incidence at 1 year. Power calculation required 76 patients per group to detect a reduction in IH from 20% to 5%. Secondary outcomes included perioperative outcomes, pain scores, health-related quality of life (SF-36), and cosmesis (Body Image Questionnaire).

Results:
A total of 165 patients were randomly assigned to transverse (n = 79) or midline (n = 86) specimen extraction site, of which 141 completed 1-year follow-up (68 transverse, 73 midline). Patient, tumor, surgical data, and perioperative morbidity were similar. Pain scores were similar on each postoperative day. On intention-to-treat analysis, there was no difference in the incidence of IH at 1 year (transverse 2% vs midline 8%, P = 0.065) or after mean 30.3 month (standard deviation 9.4) follow-up (6% vs 14%, P = 0.121). On per-protocol analysis there were more IH after midline incision with longer follow-up (15% vs 2%, P = 0.013). On intention-to-treat analysis, SF-36 domains body pain and social functioning were improved after transverse incision. Cosmesis was higher after midline incision on per-protocol analysis, but without affecting body image.

Conclusions:
Per-protocol analysis of this trial demonstrates that a transverse specimen extraction site has a lower incidence of IH compared to midline with longer follow-up but has worse cosmesis.
Cerebrovascular Steal Phenomenon and Electroconvulsive Therapy
Authors: Hategan Ana , Hirsch Calvin H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a safe and effective treatment for major depressive disorder, but cerebrovascular and cardiovascular complications, although rare, remain the most concerning. This is particularly notable in those with preexisting cerebrovascular disease, which impacts dynamic cerebral autoregulation. In these patients, the increased blood flow to the seizing portions of the brain induced by ECT potentially can reduce cerebral blood flow to ischemic areas, possibly causing adverse neurological events. The authors describe a patient with chronic cerebral ischemic disease, chronic anemia, and major depressive disorder undergoing ECT to achieve remission. The patient developed recurrent focal neurological deficits after each ECT procedure, with neurological recovery within 48 hours post-ECT. Clinical guidelines may need to be updated for the management of ECT patients with cerebrovascular disease who may be at an increased risk of intraictal and possibly postictal regional ischemia, especially in areas already compromised by a prior stroke and/or by reduced cerebral oxygenation caused by symptomatic anemia at risk of ischemia. Research is needed to assess changes in regional cerebral blood flow during and after ECT in patients with cerebrovascular disease, including small-vessel cerebral ischemia, and to evaluate these changes in relation to the location, intensity, and duration of induced seizure.
Adaptive organizational leadership style
Authors: Yaghi Abdulfattah 
Published: November 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine organizational leadership in a traditional, non-western country where citizens’ happiness drives the practices of the public administration managers.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses the Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (MLQ) to examine leadership in a traditional, non-western country where organizational change dominates the public sector. Triangulation of quantitative and qualitative research methods is used.FindingsTriangulation of quantitative and qualitative research methods reveals that the way managers respond to organizational change leads to utilizing an adaptive leadership style; a mixture of dynamic and rigid practices. Organizational change creates peculiar circumstances that make it thus imperative for managers to mix transformational and transactional practices in order to not only survive, but also excel. While some of the findings conform to those of previous studies, they indicate that the MLQ does not seem to adequately reflect the impact of organizational change on leadership. The study also provides evidence that adaptive leadership is driven by cultural and organizational necessities.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitations of the study can be avoided in future research. In particular, the number of interviews has limited the ability to better reflect all dimensions of the adaptive leadership style. Due to time and resource availability, the inability to focus more on the individual level of the cultural factor and its impact on leadership style may have limited the scope of the analysis. Finally, the present study did not examine the cultural variations within the United Arab Emirates universal culture especially in relationship with region, age group, and gender of the managers.Originality/valueThe paper examines leadership in the Middle East context where rare studies in leadership have been conducted. The study also examines the usability of MLQ in Arab context where organizational change persists.
Assessment of food security among households in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa
Authors: Megbowon Ebenezer Toyin , Mushunje Abbyssinia 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to analyze food security status and its determinants among households in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa.

Design/methodology/approach
The analysis is based on the General Household Survey which was conducted in 2014 where 3,033 households were sampled from the province. Specifically, this study examines the determinants of food security proxy by dietary diversity (24-hour recall) using descriptive statistics, Poisson regression. A frequency count of food groups consumed household dietary diversity score was used as the explained variable.

Findings
The descriptive analysis shows that, although 61.7 percent of households in the study area have a high dietary diversity score, however, food group giving micronutrients are less consumed as food groups having cereals (maize), beef, sugar and oil was mostly consumed. Results on the marginal effect of Poisson regression indicate that household head characteristics (age, gender, education, marital status, and employment status), pension receiving households and geographical location significantly influence household dietary diversity.

Originality/value
This study advocates for the intensification of rural development and food security programs, formal and informal education for household heads, female empowerment and dietary enlightenment for households in order to promote the consumption of diverse diets and more healthful food groups.
Country-level macro-corporate governance and the outward foreign direct investment
Authors: Tong Tong , Singh Tarlok , Li Bin 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
China’s outward foreign direct investment (ODI) has become a recent phenomenon in that China is now rated as the world’s third largest country for ODI. Previous studies have found that China’s ODI is driven by the attractions of natural resources and overseas markets. Yet these studies have ignored the role of corporate governance at a national level, the paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
The Kaufmann et al. (1999) data set is used in our study and the data sample have covered the period from 2003 to 2012 for a comprehensive set of 171 host countries. Random effects model are applied in the paper and population average model is used to check the robustness of the results.

Findings
The authors find that the effects of macro-corporate governance are distinct in different sample periods, as well as in geographical and economic regions, when attracting China’s ODI. Indicators such as political stability, the absence of violence, regulatory effectiveness, regulatory quality, the rule of law and the control of corruption are found to be positively related to China’s ODI.

Originality/value
This is one of the first papers to investigate the relationship between macro-corporate governance indicators and China’s ODI. 171 countries are included in the data sample and sub-sample tests are also conducted.
Waqf, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and maqasid al-shariah
Authors: Abdullah Mohammad 
Published: November 2017

Purpose
This paper attempts to contextualise the potential role of waqf (plural; awqaf, Islamic perpetual trust) in the contemporary world, particularly, in the developmental arena. The purpose of this paper is to provide a framework for awqaf to maintain its convergence with some of the fundamental goals of the SDGs which are also congruent with the maqasid al-shariah (the higher objectives of shariah).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is based on a desk-based research, and it adopts the qualitative research paradigm for the analysis of the available literature.

Findings
This paper finds that most of the 17 developmental goals of the SDGs comfortably match with the long-term objectives of shariah and there is good scope for the stakeholders of awqaf to develop waqf-based development plan in line with the framework of SDGs. Additionally, it finds that the global awqaf enjoy sufficient financial capacity to help muslim majority countries to realise some of the most relevant and urgent maqasid-oriented SDGs in a timely manner.

Research limitations/implications
The scope of this paper is limited to analyse the potential role of global awqaf in realising some of the most urgent maqasid-based development objectives in congruence with SDGs. For the purpose of maintaining the coherence in the focus of the study, this paper does not undertake any comparison between the waqf and other forms of endowments/charities in fulfilling the similar objectives.

Practical implications
This paper provides a framework for maqasid-oriented waqf-based development plan followed by provision of some critical recommendations on how the global awqaf can potentially spearhead the initiative of Islamic charities in realising the maqasid-oriented SDGs among muslim majority countries.

Originality/value
This paper adds original value to the available literature on the potential of waqf in the arena of development. The paper analyses the role of waqf in achieving the most urgent maqasid-based SDGs, and thus, it fills the existing gap of a systematic research on the possible collaboration of global awqaf and SDGs.