bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing Patterns within the Drilling Reports Using Text Mining Techniques for Efficient Knowledge Management
Authors: Arumugam Sethupathi , Gupta Sanjay , Patra Biswaranjan , Rajan Shebi , Agarwal Satyam 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
In the current market conditions, foreseeing drilling risks and mitigating all the surprises beforehand will greatly reduce development costs. Rig personnel use the risk and message object in WITSML schema and daily drilling reports to capture rig activity, findings, unfavorable events, 24 hours well summary, etc. All the information from these objects are not extracted and effectively utilized in well planning exercise. This paper focuses on a collaborative approach of using text mining and knowledge management practices to mine unfavorable events and best practices from daily drilling reports and integrating them with subsurface information management system for maintaining risk inventory and Geospatial analysis.
The proposed approach applies Information retrieval, Extraction, Clustering, Pattern Identification and Knowledge Management on daily drilling reports from offset wells to identify any data that might be relevant to drilling anomalies and best practices. Text mining converts unstructured information within the reports to structured data that can be then stored within existing subsurface data management systems. The results of text mining can be integrated with Geospatial techniques to perform risk assessment by leveraging spatially distributed large datasets from offset wells.
This collaborative approach improves extracting and sharing of the risks and best practices among experts across the globe and alerting users of upcoming risks. This approach also enables building an effective risk inventory that can be reused for future well planning purposes. Using this approach, risk assessment can be executed for every rig activity, user defined depth range, hole section / size and upcoming formation markers. The results from text mining approach can also be visualized on advanced User Interfaces providing a bird's eye view of well operations.
This approach streamlines the evaluation of risks in the planning stage of the well and enables effective collaboration between the drilling, geological and geophysical teams during execution. It also improves risk management and knowledge management practices. With the proper training, a well-defined drilling process, sufficient data and tools for interpretation; drilling a well should become a routine process.
Impact of Completion Parameters on Marcellus Shale Production
Authors: Filchock J. J. , Aminian K. , Ameri S. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The Marcellus Shale is a prolific source of natural gas and is located in much of the Appalachian Basin, The combination of horizontal drilling and multistage hydraulic fracturing have proven extremely successful in achieving commercial production from this ultra-low permeability formation. Even though advances in technology have unlocked considerable gas reserves, the emergence of unconventional shale formations as targets for exploration and development have created new challenges for resource development. These challenges arise because the impact many reservoir and fracture parameters have on the effectiveness of the stimulation treatments to increase reserves and improve production efficiency is not well established.
The focus of this study is to identify what effect fracture half-length and well spacing have on the maximization of gas production and gas recovery efficiency from Marcellus Shale horizontal wells. A commercial reservoir simulator was used to develop a base model for the Marcellus Shale formation. These simulations models were constructed using information from the Marcellus Shale Energy and Environment Laboratory (MSEEL). MSEEL is a research collaboration between West Virginia University, Ohio State University, The National Energy Technology Laboratory, and Northeast Natural Energy. MSEEL is a long-term laboratory and field study that will assess the hydrocarbon production potential and the environmental and economic impacts of drilling and producing wells in the Marcellus Shale. The base model incorporated many of the complex reservoir characteristics that are associated with the Marcellus Shale. They include a horizontal wellbore, multi-stage fracture treatment, adsorbed gas, and in situ rock properties. Reservoir properties, such as porosity, permeability, natural fracture spacing, etc., were determine using history matching. The available data from two original horizontal Marcellus Shale gas wells at MSEEL were utilized for history matching the daily and cumulative gas production. The impact of completion parameters on gas recovery was investigated using history-matched models to evaluate the impact that fracture half-length and well spacing have on production. The predicted optimized production will be presented and compared to the baseline production results, and be presented in the paper.
Numerical Simulation of Stochastically-Generated Complex Fracture Networks by Utilizing Core and Microseismic Data for Hydraulically Fractured Horizontal Wells in Unconventional Reservoirs– A Field Case Study
Authors: Sun Jianlei , Niu Geng , Schechter David 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Unconventional reservoirs require hydraulically fractured horizontal wells in order to produce reservoir fluids economically. Induced hydraulic fractures interacting with pre-existing natural fractures results in complex fracture networks (CFNs). Even though hydraulic fracture propagation has been investigated extensively, there is indeed a lack of good understanding of characterization approaches for pre-existing natural fractures. This work presents a practical CFN generation approach by incorporating stochastic algorithms, core, and microseismic data.
Based on analysis of geological structures and core observation, natural fracture density, length, and strike distributions can be obtained. Fracture length follows a power law distribution constrained by minimum, maximum and cutoff lengths as well as a distribution exponent. Fracture strike follows a Fisher distribution. Then, microseismic event locations are used to constrain fracture centers of stochastically generated natural fractures. Moreover, a fast proxy model is developed for hydraulic fracture propagation, which honors both the total mass volume of the pumped proppants, and the pre-defined reference lengths. Finally, a field case study is used to demonstrate how to apply the proposed fracture generation and simulation workflow to model hydraulically fractured horizontal wells.
The proposed workflow implemented stochastic algorithms with the capabilities to incorporate as much information as possible such as core analysis and microseismic information, and to evaluate uncertainties due to pre-existing natural fractures. With the assumption that microseismic event locations are reactivation of pre-existing natural fractures, the perturbed event locations constrained the locations of the natural fracture centers, resulting in a better description of microseismic-derived stimulated reservoir volume. The simplified hydraulic fracture propagation scheme was able to efficiently estimate the resulting complex fracture networks, and to accurately honor the material balance during fracturing treatment. Sensitivity analysis showed that fracture permeability, matrix porosity, and matrix permeability of the CFNs affect well production performance, significantly.
This paper discusses how to utilize available data resources to generate representative CFNs for hydraulically fractured horizontal wells. The process of data preparation for each step of the workflow is discussed in details to facilitate engineers to solve practical problems with the developed methodology.
Using Dielectric Dispersion Logging to Calculate the Parameters of Archie's Law
Authors: Kouchmeshky Babak , Khokhar Rashid 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Dielectric logging is used in oil and gas exploration for estimating the hydrocarbon content of the reservoir and rock texture. This information is essential for making decisions on development and production of reservoirs. This paper looks at using dielectric dispersive behavior of formation and how it can be related to widely used parameters of Archie's law in petro-physics.
In dielectric logging, the electromagnetic properties, permittivity and conductivity of the formation are obtained over a frequency range. These properties exhibit a variation with respect to frequency, which is called dispersion. The dispersive behavior of formation as a whole is different from that of its constituents; water, oil and dry rock. This dispersive data can be used to obtain various petrophysical properties like water saturation, water resistivity and rock texture. Alternatively, Archie's law is widely used to relate the resistivity of formation to the resistivity of water, porosity and water saturation. The so-called Archie parameters, cementation and saturation constants, are widely used in petrophysics.
This paper discusses a novel approach that uses the dielectric dispersive behavior of a formation to provide a link to parameters of Archie's law. There exist many mixing laws that predict the dielectric dispersive behavior of a rock as a mixture of water, oil and dry rock. The proposed approach can be applied to any mixing law to provide parameters of Archie's law.
Detailed derivation of the Archie's parameters from known dispersive laws is provided through examples. The method is applied to published data on dispersive behavior of sample rocks and its prediction of Archie's parameters is compared with the values obtained from experiment. The proposed method is capable of relating textural parameters of rock used in mixing laws to Archie's parameters.
Development of an International Clinical Education Extracurricular Experience Through a Collaborative Partnership
Authors: Mandich MaryBeth , Erickson Mia , Nardella Beth 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Participating in global health care through international clinical education may enhance the development of cultural competence and professionalism. Many logistical issues need to be resolved in the development of international clinical education experiences that meet program requirements. The purpose of this case report is to describe how a university developed such an experience for students by partnering with Amizade Global Service-Learning (Amizade), an organization that facilitates global learning experiences.

Case Description
Medical, nursing, and pharmacy students were already participating in a 4-week international health-related service learning rotation through Amizade. The preexisting relationship and contractual agreement with the university provided the necessary legal framework. Amizade staff assisted in finding a physical therapist qualified and willing to host a student. The academic coordinator for clinical education at the university and Amizade liaisons determined living arrangements, schedule, clinical settings, and patient population. The selected student had expressed interest and had met all clinical education placement requirements. The academic coordinator for clinical education had ongoing electronic communications with all parties.

Outcomes and Discussion
The student demonstrated predicted attributes of cultural competence and professionalism; through the partnership with Amizade, the student was exposed to several unique interprofessional experiences. The steps used by the university faculty in developing this interprofessional, international clinical education experience through a collaborative partnership may provide guidance for other institutions.
Media Coverage of Valentine’s Day: Is Media Biased in Covering the Festival?
Authors: Siddiqui Taha 
Published: September 2016

Valentine’s Day celebration in India has been much debated and covered by the media in the last couple of years. In the year 2009, far right Hindu activist from Sri Ram Sena to Bajrang Dal were involved in beating up unmarried couples and blackening their faces, as mark of shame for celebrating Valentine’s Day. They claimed that the festival was a “western practice” and promotes “lust not love”. Following this other Anti- Valentine’s Day groups also expressed their views and this led to public debate about moral policing and Indian culture. However what is interesting to note is the fact how media covered. At one side media has played a big role in promoting it (for many reasons) and on the other hand it has also criticized it for cultural and religious concerns.This research tries to explore in depth how media covers the festival with commercialization, culture, religion and politics in the backdrop. The research studies 9 newspapers of in 3 different languages, namely English, Hindi and Urdu. The study tries to find out whether media is biased in covering the festival or is it propagating an idea to its readers. The idea of taking 3 different languages is to draw a sharp comparison and contrast among the national and vernacular newspapers.In order to find it, both quantitative and qualitative methods have been applied to the articles. Content analysis and Textual analysis are the important methods used to find out the statistics and underlying meanings behind these articles.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 171-187
'Is Pastoralism Dead?' Between Nostalgia, Transmission and Maintenance of the Practice of Transhumant Cattle Herding in Mali
Authors: Leblon Anaïs 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Following the inscription of Fulɓe transhumance festivals in the Inner Niger Delta (Mali) on the UNESCO List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2005, this article, based on several months of ethnographic research, focuses on the nostalgic evocation of changes in the transhumance practices. By working a step aside from the study of the official discussions of heritage, the author examines how these participants, who see a rupture from an idealised past, define this past and in particular maintain it in the discussions and practices of redefinition and revaluation of pastoralism, both for themselves and faced with representatives of the State and international heritage forums. The study of pastoral competitions, a symbol of lost exemplary pastoral work, serves as an example to analyse the debates surrounding the representations of rivalry and honour at the heart of transhumant pastoral practice in this region, as well as the feeling of loss and marginalisation expressed by the Fulɓe cattle owners, reflecting the territorial and land ownership challenges affecting the reclassification of the 'Cultural Space of the yaaral and degal' as a 'Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity'.
Box-modelling of the impacts of atmospheric nitrogen deposition and benthic remineralisation on the nitrogen cycle of the eastern tropical South Pacific
Authors: Su Bei , Pahlow Markus , Oschlies Andreas 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Both atmospheric deposition and benthic remineralisation influence the marine nitrogen cycle, and hence ultimately also marine primary production. The biological and biogeochemical relations in the eastern tropical South Pacific (ETSP) among nitrogen deposition, benthic denitrification and phosphorus regeneration are analysed in a prognostic box model of the oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus cycles in the ETSP. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition ( ≈ 1.5 Tg N yr−1 for the years 2000–2009) is offset by half in the model by reduced N2 fixation, with the other half transported out of the model domain. Model- and data-based benthic denitrification in our model domain are responsible for losses of 0.19 and 1.0 Tg Tg N yr−1, respectively, and both trigger nitrogen fixation, partly compensating for the NO3− loss. Model- and data-based estimates of enhanced phosphate release via sedimentary phosphorus regeneration under suboxic conditions are 0.062 and 0.11 Tg N yr−1, respectively. Since phosphate is the ultimate limiting nutrient in the model, even very small additional phosphate inputs stimulate primary production and subsequent export production and NO3− loss in the oxygen minimum zone (OMZ). A sensitivity analysis of the local response to both atmospheric deposition and benthic remineralisation indicates dominant stabilising feedbacks in the ETSP, which tend to keep a balanced nitrogen inventory; i.e. nitrogen input by atmospheric deposition is counteracted by decreasing nitrogen fixation; NO3− loss via benthic denitrification is partly compensated for by increased nitrogen fixation; enhanced nitrogen fixation stimulated by phosphate regeneration is partly counteracted by stronger water-column denitrification. Even though the water column in our model domain acts as a NO3− source, the ETSP including benthic denitrification might be a NO3− sink.
Es Posible Enfrentar el Cambio Climático y Producir más Leche y Carne con Sistemas Silvopastoriles Intensivos
Authors: Murgueitio Restrepo Enrique , Barahona Rosales Rolando , Flores Estrada Martha Xochilt , Chará Orozco Julián David , Rivera Herrera Julián Esteban 
Published: September 2016

Reducir la vulnerabilidad a los desastres, adaptar los sistemas de producción agropecuaria a los cambios ambientales y mitigar las emisiones de gases con efecto de invernadero son acciones urgentes para enfrentar el cambio climático. En ganadería bovina de pastoreo, la investigación aplicada realizada en empresas y familias pioneras de varios países, ha permitido notables avances en agroforestería, especialmente con el sistema silvopastoril intensivo (SSPi), un uso de la tierra caracterizado por aplicar simultáneamente varios principios agroecológicos orientados a la maximización de la transformación de la energía solar en biomasa, la fijación biológica del nitrógeno, la solubilización del fósforo, la acumulación de materia orgánica en el suelo, el pastoreo rotacional, el uso inteligente del agua, la conservación de la diversidad biológica y el bienestar animal. Con estos arreglos, en los SSPi se aumenta la carga animal hasta cuatro o cinco veces en comparación al pastoreo extensivo pasando de 200 hasta 800-1200 kg ha-1 año-1, a la par que se reducen los costos en sistemas intensivos al reemplazar el alimento concentrado (40% en vacas lecheras tropicales) y evitar el uso de fertilizantes nitrogenados (bajan de 300 ha-1 año-1 de N2 hasta cero). La producción de carne y leche por hectárea se incrementa ostensiblemente sin aumentos en las emisiones de metano entérico ni aumentos en las emisiones de óxido nitroso. De esta manera, la implementación de SSPi permite intensificar sosteniblemente la producción de carne y leche bovina en el trópico y subtrópico.
The Physiology of Heat Stress: A Shift in Metabolic Priorities at the Systemic and Cellular Levels
Authors: Rhoads Robert P. , Baumgard Lance H. , Zhao Lidan 
Published: September 2016

At the onset of heat stress, cattle initiate a series of whole body adaptations in an effort to cope with and dissipate additional heat load. These include well-known physiological changes such as increased respiration rate and sweating rate and decreased feed intake. Environmentally induced hyperthermia in ruminants depresses production as a consequence of reduced feed intake but it is unclear how shifts in metabolism may further affect production performance and physiological acclimation. Our evidence indicates that cattle experiencing heat stress do not appear to engage metabolic and glucose-sparing adaptations consistent with their plane of nutrition. In this context, the liver is uniquely positioned to direct exogenously and endogenously derived nutrients for use by other metabolically active tissues such as the mammary gland and skeletal muscle. Despite the prominent role of the liver in whole-body metabolism, alterations in the molecular mechanisms leading to hepatic adaptation during heat challenge are unclear. We are using management tools and metabolic modifiers, such as bovine somatotropin, in an attempt to better understand and improve hepatic function during heat stress. Because a large proportion of an animal’s mass is comprised of skeletal muscle, alterations in skeletal muscle metabolism and function can have a profound impact on whole-animal energy metabolism and nutrient homeostasis especially during periods of stress. We have initiated studies to understand how hyperthermia influences the set points of several metabolic pathways within skeletal muscle. It appears that during heat stress bovine skeletal muscle experiences mitochondrial dysfunction leading to impaired cellular energy status. Finally, investigations into adipose tissue metabolism demonstrate impaired lipolytic functions likely due to a refractory nature to adrenergic stimuli. Taken together, this may have broad implications for the reduced production and heat intolerance seen during heat stress especially if tissue(s) are not able to make necessary contributions to whole-body energy homeostasis. Accurately understanding the biological mechanism(s) by which thermal stress reduces animal performance is critical for developing novel approaches (i.e. genetic, managerial and nutritional) to preserve growth and lactation especially given the critical importance of nutrients, such as glucose, to animal production and well being in these situations.
La economía global en crisis: Un repaso sobre las causas, las respuestas y los aprendizajes
Authors: Delgado Elvir Rafael Antonio 
Published: September 2016

Este artículo hace un repaso de las diversas interpretaciones sobre las causas de la crisis financiera en 2008. Se explican los argumentos que apuntan hacia los cambios de actitud de los principales actores en el mercado y del contagio; se explican además las fallas del mercado como las causantes de la crisis. La creación de la crisis fue un proceso largo que fue precedido de un período donde la banca lanzó las innovaciones financieras para diversificar el riesgo de la cartera hipotecaria. La caída en los precios de las viviendas tuvo efectos sobre otros mercados. Llegó la crisis financiera y con ello la caída en el crédito y la quiebra de importantes instituciones financieras. El artículo hace un esbozo de las principales reacciones de la política económica frente a la crisis para concluir en los aprendizajes que resultan de la misma. En especial, se requiere que el sistema financiero vuelva a financiar la producción, mejorar el análisis del riesgo crediticio, aumentar la sensibilización del público sobre los instrumentos financieros, crear incentivos internos que también generen macro-resultados deseables; volver a la regulación de productos riesgosos.
Aanpassing afstammings- en gezagsrecht gewenst voor ongehuwd samenwonende ouders
Authors: Schrama W.M. 
Published: September 2016

Rules for parentage and parental authority in informal cohabitation need to be adapted
In this article attention will be paid to the radical societal changes in respect of informal cohabitation. The rate of extramarital child birth has increased to over 50% of all first-born children. Family law is traditionally focused on marriage, which was for a long time the only acceptable relationship type. The question addressed in this article is whether the law of parentage and the law of parental responsibilities should be reformed in order to meet the needs of modern families.