bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different levels of blood pressure, different benefit from dual antiplatelet therapy in minor stroke or TIA patients
Authors: Xu Jie , Tao Yongli , Li Hao , Gu Hongqiu , Xie Xuewei , Meng Xia , Xu Yuming , Wang Yilong , Wang Yongjun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe study aimed to evaluate whether the benefits of dual antiplatelet therapy would be influenced by blood pressure (BP) levels, among acute minor stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). In CHANCE (Clopidogrel in High-Risk Patients with Acute Nondisabling cerebrovascular Events) trail, Patients were stratified by systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) level measured on admission, respectively, using the supine position BP within 24 hours after symptoms onset. The primary efficacy outcome was stroke recurrence, bleeding was the safety outcome. Patients with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg, dual antiplatelet treatment could reduce the risk of stroke recurrence significantly (HR 0.654, 95% CI 0.529–0.793, p < 0.001) than mono antiplatelet therapy. And patients with DBP ≥ 90 mmHg, clopidogrel-aspirin significantly reduced the risk of recurrent stroke (HR 0.588, 95% CI 0.463–0.746, p < 0.001), compared with aspirin alone. However, in patients with SBP < 140 mmHg or DBP < 90 mmHg, no significant difference was observed between clopidogrel plus aspirin and aspirin alone. there was no difference in bleeding episodes by treatment assignment across categories of SBP or DBP. Patients with SBP ≥ 140 mmHg or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg after minor stroke or TIA got more benefits from dual antiplatelet therapy. Bleeding risk from dual antiplatelet treatment did not increase among patients with higher BP level on admission.
LC-MS/MS quantification of sulfotransferases is better than conventional immunogenic methods in determining human liver SULT activities: implication in precision medicine
Authors: Xie Cong , Yan Tong-meng , Chen Jia-mei , Li Xiao-yan , Zou Juan , Zhu Li-jun , Lu Lin-lin , Wang Ying , Zhou Fu-yuan , Liu Zhong-qiu , Hu Ming 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis study aims to determine whether enzyme activities are correlated with protein amounts and mRNA expression levels of five major human sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes in 10 matched pericarcinomatous and hepatocellular carcinoma liver samples. The MRM UHPLC-MS/MS method, Western blot and RT-PCR were used along with SULT activity measurement using probe substrates. The LC-MS/MS method was specific for all five tested SULTs, whereas Western blot was specific for only two isoforms. The activities of SULT1A1, SULT1B1, SULT1E1 and SULT2A1 in 9 of 10 samples showed a significant decrease in tumor tissues relative to matched pericarcinomatous tissues, whereas the activities of SULT1A3 in 7 of 10 samples increased. The turnover numbers of SULTs did not change, except for SULT1A1. A generally high degree of correlations was observed between SULT activities and protein amounts (r2 ≥ 0.59 except one), whereas a low degree of correlations was observed between SULT activities and mRNA expression levels (r2 ≤ 0.48 except one). HCC reduced the SULT activities via impaired protein amounts. LC-MS/MS quantification of SULTs is highly reliable measurement of SULT activities, and may be adopted for implementing precision medicine with respect to drugs mainly metabolized by SULTs in healthy and HCC patients.
Atomic rearrangement of a sputtered MoS2 film from amorphous to a 2D layered structure by electron beam irradiation
Authors: Kim Bong Ho , Gu Hyun Ho , Yoon Young Joon 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe synthesised a crystalline MoS2 film from as-sputtered amorphous film by applying an electron beam irradiation (EBI) process. A collimated electron beam (60 mm dia.) with an energy of 1 kV was irradiated for only 1 min to achieve crystallisation without an additional heating process. After the EBI process, we observed a two-dimensional layered structure of MoS2 about 4 nm thick and with a hexagonal atomic arrangement on the surface. A stoichiometric MoS2 film was confirmed to grow well on SiO2/Si substrates and include partial oxidation of Mo. In our experimental configuration, EBI on an atomically thin MoS2 layer stimulated the transformation from a thermodynamically unstable amorphous structure to a stable crystalline nature with a nanometer grain size. We employed a Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the penetration depth of electrons into the MoS2 film and investigated the atomic rearrangement of the amorphous MoS2 structure.
Chronic treatment with cisplatin induces chemoresistance through the TIP60-mediated Fanconi anemia and homologous recombination repair pathways
Authors: Su Wen-Pin , Ho Yen-Chih , Wu Cheng-Kuei , Hsu Sen-Huei , Shiu Jia-Lin , Huang Jheng-Cheng , Chang Song-Bin , Chiu Wen-Tai , Hung Jan-Jong , Liu Tsung-Lin , Wu Wei-Sheng , Wu Pei-Yu , Su Wu-Chou , Chang Jang-Yang , Liaw Hungjiun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Fanconi anemia pathway in coordination with homologous recombination is essential to repair interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) caused by cisplatin. TIP60 belongs to the MYST family of acetyltransferases and is involved in DNA repair and regulation of gene transcription. Although the physical interaction between the TIP60 and FANCD2 proteins has been identified that is critical for ICL repair, it is still elusive whether TIP60 regulates the expression of FA and HR genes. In this study, we found that the chemoresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, derived from chronic treatment of cisplatin, show elevated expression of TIP60. Furthermore, TIP60 binds to the promoters of FANCD2 and BRCA1 by using the chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments and promote the expression of FANCD2 and BRCA1. Importantly, the depletion of TIP60 significantly reduces sister chromatid exchange, a measurement of HR efficiency. The similar results were also shown in the FNACD2-, and BRCA1-deficient cells. Additionally, these TIP60-deficient cells encounter more frequent stalled forks, as well as more DNA double-strand breaks resulting from the collapse of stalled forks. Taken together, our results suggest that TIP60 promotes the expression of FA and HR genes that are important for ICL repair and the chemoresistant phenotype under chronic treatment with cisplatin.
Helium Irradiation and Implantation Effects on the Structure of Amorphous Silicon Oxycarbide
Authors: Su Qing , Inoue Shinsuke , Ishimaru Manabu , Gigax Jonathan , Wang Tianyao , Ding Hepeng , Demkowicz Michael J. , Shao Lin , Nastasi Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite recent interest in amorphous ceramics for a variety of nuclear applications, many details of their structure before and after irradiation/implantation remain unknown. Here we investigated the short-range order of amorphous silicon oxycarbide (SiOC) alloys by using the atomic pair-distribution function (PDF) obtained from electron diffraction. The PDF results show that the structure of SiOC alloys are nearly unchanged after both irradiation up to 30 dpa and He implantation up to 113 at%. TEM characterization shows no sign of crystallization, He bubble or void formation, or segregation in all irradiated samples. Irradiation results in a decreased number of Si-O bonds and an increased number of Si-C and C-O bonds. This study sheds light on the design of radiation-tolerant materials that do not experience helium swelling for advanced nuclear reactor applications.
Proteomic analysis reveals large amounts of decomposition enzymes and major metabolic pathways involved in algicidal process of Trametes versicolor F21a
Authors: Gao Xueyan , Wang Congyan , Dai Wei , Ren Shenrong , Tao Fang , He Xingbing , Han Guomin , Wang Wei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA recent algicidal mode indicates that fungal mycelia can wrap and eliminate almost all co-cultivated algal cells within a short time span. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is rarely understood. We applied proteomic analysis to investigate the algicidal process of Trametes versicolor F21a and identified 3,754 fungal proteins. Of these, 30 fungal enzymes with endo- or exoglycosidase activities such as β-1,3-glucanase, α-galactosidase, α-glucosidase, alginate lyase and chondroitin lyase were significantly up-regulated. These proteins belong to Glycoside Hydrolases, Auxiliary Activities, Carbohydrate Esterases and Polysaccharide Lyases, suggesting that these enzymes may degrade lipopolysaccharides, peptidoglycans and alginic acid of algal cells. Additionally, peptidase, exonuclease, manganese peroxidase and cytochrome c peroxidase, which decompose proteins and DNA or convert other small molecules of algal cells, could be other major decomposition enzymes. Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that pyruvate metabolism and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways play a critical role in response to adverse environment via increasing energy production to synthesize lytic enzymes or uptake molecules. Carbon metabolism, selenocompound metabolism, sulfur assimilation and metabolism, as well as several amino acid biosynthesis pathways could play vital roles in the synthesis of nutrients required by fungal mycelia.
A Chrysoporthe cubensis enzyme cocktail produced from a low-cost carbon source with high biomass hydrolysis efficiency
Authors: Dutra Thiago Rodrigues , Guimarães Valéria Monteze , Varela Ednilson Mascarenhas , Fialho Lílian da Silva , Milagres Adriane Maria Ferreira , Falkoski Daniel Luciano , Zanuncio José Cola , Rezende Sebastião Tavares de 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLow cost and high efficiency cellulolytic cocktails can consolidate lignocellulosic ethanol technologies. Sugarcane bagasse (SCB) is a low cost agro-industrial residue, and its use as a carbon source can reduce the costs of fungi cultivation for enzyme production. Chrysoporthe cubensis grown under solid state fermentation (SSF) with wheat bran has potential to produce efficient enzymatic extracts for SCB saccharification. This fungus was grown under submersed fermentation (SmF) and SSF with in natura SCB, pretreated with acid or alkali and with others carbon sources. In natura SCB induced the highest carboxymethylcellulase (CMCase), xylanase, β-xylosidase, α-galactosidase and mannanase activities by C. cubensis under SSF. In natura and washed SCB, inducers of enzyme production under SSF, did not induce high cellulases and hemicellulases production by C. cubensis in SmF. The C. cubensis enzymatic extract produced under SSF with in natura SCB as a carbon source was more efficient for lignocelulolic biomass hydrolysis than extracts produced under SSF with wheat bran and commercial cellulolytic extract. Chrysoporthe cubensis showed high potential for cellulases and hemicellulases production, especially when grown under SSF with in natura SCB as carbon source.
Sirtuin 3 deficiency does not alter host defenses against bacterial and fungal infections
Authors: Ciarlo Eleonora , Heinonen Tytti , Lugrin Jérôme , Acha-Orbea Hans , Le Roy Didier , Auwerx Johan , Roger Thierry 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is the main mitochondrial deacetylase. SIRT3 regulates cell metabolism and redox homeostasis, and protects from aging and age-associated pathologies. SIRT3 may drive both oncogenic and tumor-suppressive effects. SIRT3 deficiency has been reported to promote chronic inflammation-related disorders, but whether SIRT3 impacts on innate immune responses and host defenses against infections remains essentially unknown. This aspect is of primary importance considering the great interest in developing SIRT3-targeted therapies. Using SIRT3 knockout mice, we show that SIRT3 deficiency does not affect immune cell development and microbial ligand-induced proliferation and cytokine production by splenocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Going well along with these observations, SIRT3 deficiency has no major impact on cytokine production, bacterial burden and survival of mice subjected to endotoxemia, Escherichia coli peritonitis, Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia, listeriosis and candidiasis of diverse severity. These data suggest that SIRT3 is not critical to fight infections and support the safety of SIRT3-directed therapies based on SIRT3 activators or inhibitors for treating metabolic, oncologic and neurodegenerative diseases without putting patients at risk of infection.
One-pot hydrothermal synthesis of CdS decorated CuS microflower-like structures for enhanced photocatalytic properties
Authors: Deng Xiaolong , Wang Chenggang , Yang Hongcen , Shao Minghui , Zhang Shouwei , Wang Xiao , Ding Meng , Huang Jinzhao , Xu Xijin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCdS decorated CuS structures have been controllably synthesized through a one-pot hydrothermal method. The morphologies and compositions of the as-prepared samples could be concurrently well controlled by simply tuning the amount of CdCl2 and thiourea. Using this strategy, the morphology of the products experienced from messy to flower-like morphologies with multiple porous densities, together with the phase evolution from pure CuS to the CdS/CuS composites. Serving as a photocatalyst, the samples synthesized with the addition of 1 mmol cadmium chloride and 3 mmol thiourea during synthetic process, showed the best photocatalytic activity, which could reach a maximum photocatalytic efficiency of 93% for methyl orange (MO) photodegradation after 150 min. The possible mechanism for the high photocatalytic efficiency of the sample was proposed by investigating the composition, surface area, structure, and morphology before and after photocatalytic reaction.
OmniGA: Optimized Omnivariate Decision Trees for Generalizable Classification Models
Authors: Magana-Mora Arturo , Bajic Vladimir B. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractClassification problems from different domains vary in complexity, size, and imbalance of the number of samples from different classes. Although several classification models have been proposed, selecting the right model and parameters for a given classification task to achieve good performance is not trivial. Therefore, there is a constant interest in developing novel robust and efficient models suitable for a great variety of data. Here, we propose OmniGA, a framework for the optimization of omnivariate decision trees based on a parallel genetic algorithm, coupled with deep learning structure and ensemble learning methods. The performance of the OmniGA framework is evaluated on 12 different datasets taken mainly from biomedical problems and compared with the results obtained by several robust and commonly used machine-learning models with optimized parameters. The results show that OmniGA systematically outperformed these models for all the considered datasets, reducing the F1 score error in the range from 100% to 2.25%, compared to the best performing model. This demonstrates that OmniGA produces robust models with improved performance. OmniGA code and datasets are available at www.cbrc.kaust.edu.sa/omniga/.
Falling Direction can Predict the Mechanism of Recurrent Falls in Advanced Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Youn Jinyoung , Okuma Yasuyuki , Hwang Minho , Kim Dongyeop , Cho Jin Whan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFalls are a common and disabling symptom in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). For prevention, it is important to understand the pathophysiology of falls in PD patients, but the predictors for the possible mechanisms underlying such falls have not been clearly elucidated. In this prospective observational study, we investigated the implications of falling direction to predict the mechanisms of recurrent falls in PD patients. We enrolled 62 recurrent fallers with PD and divided them into two groups according to the main falling directions: 45 PD fallers who fell forward (forward fallers), and 17 PD fallers who fell in the other directions (non-forward fallers). Although there was no difference in demographic data, parkinsonism, or frontal lobe function, forward fallers showed more severe falls and tended to fall during walking or turning, while non-forward fallers usually fell during sitting/standing or turning. Additionally, forward fallers revealed higher score on a freezing of gait (FOG) questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that FOG was associated with falling forward, while balance impairment, akinetic-rigid subtype, and neuropsychiatric symptoms were associated with falling into the other directions. Our results indicate that FOG and balance impairment are two major mechanisms for recurrent falling in PD patients, and falling direction is an important predictor for these mechanisms.
Behavioural responses to potential dispersal cues in two economically important species of cereal-feeding eriophyid mites
Authors: Kiedrowicz Agnieszka , Kuczyński Lechosław , Lewandowski Mariusz , Proctor Heather , Skoracka Anna 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPassively dispersing organisms should optimise the time and direction of dispersal by employing behaviours that increase their probability of being successfully transported by dispersal agents. We rigorously tested whether two agriculturally important passively-dispersing eriophyoid species, wheat curl mite (WCM) and cereal rust mite (CRM), display behaviours indicating their readiness to depart from current host plants in the presence of potential dispersal cues: wind, an insect vector and presence of a fresh plant. Contrary to our expectations, we found that both species decreased their general activity in the presence of wind. When exposed to wind, WCM (but not CRM) significantly increased behaviour that has previously been considered to facilitate dispersal (in this case, standing vertically). Our study provides the first sound test of the function of what have been interpreted as dispersal-related behaviours of eriophyid mites. The low proportion of WCM exhibiting dispersal behaviour suggests there may be predisposed dispersers and residents in the population. Moreover, we found that WCM was generally more active than CRM, which is likely a contributing factor to its high invasive potential.
Increased Glutamate in Somatosensory Cortex in Functional Dyspepsia
Authors: Mak Arthur D. P. , Northoff Georg , Yeung David K. W. , Chu Winnie C. W. , Hui Steve C. N. , Cheung Cynthia , Ching Jessica , Lam Linda , Lee Sing , Wu Justin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFunctional Dyspepsia-Post-prandial Distress Syndrome (FD-PDS) was associated with mood-related increases in resting activity and lowered activation threshold in the somatosensory cortex (SSC), insula and perigenual anterior cingulate cortex(pgACC) in functional imaging studies. The underlying cortical neurochemical changes are unknown. We performed proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-MRS) on 17 consecutive tertiary clinic-recruited psychotropic-naïve Rome III FD-PDS female and 17 age-sex matched healthy controls. Voxels were placed on bilateral pgACC, left insula and SSC. Water-suppressed spectra were acquired using PRESS with short echo time (TE) (T = 24 ms) to separately quantify glutamate (Glu) and glutamine (Gln). Main outcome measure was regional Glu/Cr + PCr. Severity of depression, anxiety, somatization, and dyspepsia were also assessed. We found significantly increased SSC Glu/Cr + PCr in FD-PDS subjects compared to controls. SSC Glu/Cr + PCr correlated significantly with postprandial distress chronicity, dyspeptic symptoms severity and anxiety. The SSC Glu/Cr + PCr - dyspepsia correlations became insignificant after controlling for anxiety but were independent of depression. Gln/Glu ratio, which indicates glial Glu cycling failure, was unchanged. No between-group differences were noted in other regional metabolite concentrations. Our findings suggested enhanced SSC glutamate transmission in FD-PDS that was linked to post-prandial distress chronicity and severity and anxiety.
Sub‐carrier channel demultiplexing of THz‐wave OFDM signal assisted by optical technology
Authors: Takiguchi K. 
Published: June 2017

A real‐time processing method for demultiplexing a high‐speed terahertz (THz)‐wave OFDM signal is proposed and demonstrated. An electrical signal, which is down‐converted from the THz‐wave OFDM signal, is up‐converted into an optical OFDM signal through an optical modulator. Then, the generated optical OFDM signal is demultiplexed into sub‐carrier channels in the optical domain by utilising an integrated‐optic OFDM demultiplexer with discrete Fourier transform function. The processing principle of the method and some preliminary experimental results including BER measurement to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method are reported. A 2 × 10 Gbit/s THz‐wave OFDM signal was demultiplexed into sub‐carrier channels with the method as preliminary investigation.
A Self-Inflating Bag May Cause Hypocapnia in a Rabbit Model of Manual Ventilation Compared to the T-piece Resuscitator
Authors: Mascaretti Renata , Valle Luciana , Rebello Celso , Haddad Luciana 
Published: June 2017

Background Manual ventilation is a key aspect that determines the efficiency of neonatal resuscitation and may be performed by specialists using different equipment and professionals.
Objective To compare manual ventilation using T-piece resuscitator and self-inflating bag in an experimental model, with regard to gasometric and respiratory mechanical parameters.
Methods Adult rabbits were submitted to 10 minutes of ventilation with each device operated by three groups of volunteers: physicians, physiotherapists, and nurses. We measured respiratory mechanics throughout the study as well as blood gas before and after ventilation, and we compared professionals' performance on each device.
Results Compared with T-piece, animals ventilated with the self-inflating bag in the nurse group (n = 7) presented a greater minute volume (390 ± 108 vs. 766 ± 410 mL/min, p < 0.05) relative to the physiotherapist group (n = 7, 418 ± 192 vs. 886 ± 787 mL/min), and physician group (n = 7, 438 ± 206 vs. 705 ± 434 mL/min); similar results were found in the nurse, physiotherapist, and physician groups for respiratory alkalosis (7.40 ± 0.11 vs. 7.61 ± 0.02, p < 0.05; 7.37 ± 0.10 vs. 7.52 ± 0.23; and 7.36 ± 0.07 vs. 7.40 ± 0.18 mL/min, respectively), and hypocapnia (32.4 ± 6.9 vs. 23.4 ± 7.5 mm Hg, p < 0.05; 40.4 ± 10.8 vs. 28.0 ± 15.2 mm Hg; and 38.0 ± 13.8 vs. 42.6 ± 18.1 mm Hg, respectively).
Conclusion Self-inflating bag resulted in hypocapnia and respiratory alkalosis in the nurse group, and ventilation using a T-piece resulted in a lower tidal and minute volume.
Indications for Invasive Prenatal Testing before and after Noninvasive Prenatal Screening
Authors: Prosen Tracy , Gill Lisa 
Published: June 2017

Objective To evaluate changes in indications for genetic testing after introduction of noninvasive prenatal screening (NIPS) into a single center. Pregnancy outcomes and results of testing were evaluated.
Study Design It was a retrospective cohort study. Medical records were reviewed for all invasive testing procedures from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2015. NIPS was introduced in February 1, 2012. Indications were compared before and after that date. Results of genetic testing and pregnancy outcome were also obtained from the medical records where available.
Results A total of 2,066 invasive diagnostic procedures were performed. Significantly fewer invasive procedures were performed per month following introduction of NIPS (23 vs. 13). Indications were less likely to be reported as advanced maternal age (AMA), abnormal genetic screening, and abnormal ultrasound findings following introduction of NIPS (p < 0.0001). No difference was noted for parental chromosome abnormality, risk of single-gene disorder, or prior child with aneuploidy. Tests performed after introduction of NIPS were more likely abnormal (16.3 vs. 27.6%; p < 0.0001).Total number of pregnancy terminations decreased (130 vs. 123); more were terminated after prenatal diagnosis following NIPS introduction (12.9 vs. 30.1%).
Conclusion Since the introduction of NIPS, fewer invasive tests are performed. Indications have changed since NIPS was introduced, becoming less common for AMA, abnormal genetic screening, and abnormal ultrasounds.