bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determining Surface Roughness in Erosion Testing Using Digital Photogrammetry
Authors: Tran Tri V. , Tucker-Kulesza Stacey E. , Bernhardt-Barry Michelle L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Surface roughness is an imporant characteristic in numerical and physical geotechnical soil models. The methods for measuring surface roughness are currently operator dependent, time consuming, or require highly specialized equipment. The objective of this study was to develop a method to measure the roughness on soil samples in erosion tests and reduce the operator dependency. A stereophotogrammetry computational program was developed in which three-dimensional (3D) soil surface coordinates were derived from digital stereo pair images of soil samples following erosion tests. The 3D coordinates were then used to calculate a measure of surface roughness for the soil samples. A validation study showed that the stereophotogrammetry system was able to measure the roughness of the sample within 0.09 mm of a high-density scan taken using a structured light scanner. This stereophotogrammetry system is automated and yields more precise, repeatable roughness measurements, and the results are less variable than the traditional caliper method.
Accuracy of Heat-Release Rate Measured in Microscale Combustion Calorimetry
Authors: Guo H. , Lyon R. E. , Safronava N. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The ASTM standard method for measuring heats of combustion of plastics in microscale combustion calorimetry (MCC) by the oxygen-consumption principle uses only the volumetric flow rate and oxygen volume fraction exiting a premixed combustor in the calculation. The carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by complete combustion replaces some or all of the oxygen consumed from the dry gas stream depending on the atomic composition of the fuel, so it can change the volumetric flow rate and affect the flow-meter response, which is typically calibrated for pure nitrogen. Consequently, the presence of CO2 in the combustion stream causes a systematic error (bias) in the heat-of-combustion measurement that increases monotonically with the initial oxygen concentration. Accounting for volume changes using the combustion stoichiometry is sensitive to the atomic composition of the fuel and is still subject to the CO2 bias in flow-meter response, which can be up to 3 %. Accounting for volume changes using both the initial and final flow rates in the calculation and correcting the flow-meter response for CO2 using an average combustion stoichiometry is more accurate and less sensitive to material composition. Heats of combustion computed by the new method are in quantitative agreement with theoretical values.
An Evaluation of ASTM D6200
Authors: Scott MacKenzie D. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The use of cooling curves is increasingly required for the evaluation of oils used for quenching. Auditing agencies such as the National Aerospace and Defense Contractors Accreditation Program (NADCAP) and the Continuous Quality Improvement standard (CQI-9) are mandating cooling curve analysis at routine intervals. Specifications such as AMS 2759, Heat Treatment of Steel Parrs, General Requirements, are requiring detailed analysis of cooling curve behavior of quenchants to ensure that parts are properly quenched. A detailed analysis has been conducted of ASTM D6200, Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis, to explore repeatability and precision in terms of laboratory integrity data, production lot data, and customer data. A single quench oil was used for the analysis.
Molecular Mechanisms in Perirhinal Cortex Selectively Necessary for Discrimination of Overlapping Memories, but Independent of Memory Persistence
Authors: Miranda Magdalena , Kent Brianne A. , Morici Juan Facundo , Gallo Francisco , Weisstaub Noelia V. , Saksida Lisa M. , Bussey Timothy J. , Bekinschtein Pedro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSuccessful memory involves not only remembering over time but also keeping memories distinct. The ability to separate similar experiences into distinct memories is a main feature of episodic memory. Discrimination of overlapping representations has been investigated in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus (DG), but little is known about this process in other regions such as the perirhinal cortex (Prh). We found in male rats that perirhinal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is required for separable storage of overlapping, but not distinct, object representations, which is identical to its role in the DG for spatial representations. Also, activity-regulated cytoskeletal-associated protein (Arc) is required for disambiguation of object memories, as measured by infusion of antisense oligonucleotides. This is the first time Arc has been implicated in the discrimination of objects with overlapping features. Although molecular mechanisms for object memory have been shown previously in Prh, these have been dependent on delay, suggesting a role specifically in memory duration. BDNF and Arc involvement were independent of delay—the same demand for memory persistence was present in all conditions—but only when discrimination of similar objects was required were these mechanisms recruited and necessary. Finally, we show that BDNF and Arc participate in the same pathway during consolidation of overlapping object memories. We provide novel evidence regarding the proteins involved in disambiguation of object memories outside the DG and suggest that, despite the anatomical differences, similar mechanisms underlie this process in the DG and Prh that are engaged depending on the similarity of the stimuli.
Plasticity of Signaling by Spinal Estrogen Receptor α, κ-Opioid Receptor, and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors over the Rat Reproductive Cycle Regulates Spinal Endomorphin 2 Antinociception: Relevance of Endogenous-Biased Agonism
Authors: Liu Nai-Jiang , Murugaiyan Vijaya , Storman Emiliya M. , Schnell Stephen A. , Kumar Arjun , Wessendorf Martin W. , Gintzler Alan R. 
Published: October 2017

We previously showed that intrathecal application of endomorphin 2 [EM2; the highly specific endogenous μ-opioid receptor (MOR) ligand] induces antinociception that varies with stage of the rat estrous cycle: minimal during diestrus and prominent during proestrus. Earlier studies, however, did not identify proestrus-activated signaling strategies that enable spinal EM2 antinociception. We now report that in female rats, increased spinal dynorphin release and κ-opioid receptor (KOR) signaling, as well as the emergence of glutamate-activated metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) signaling, are critical to the transition from an EM2 nonresponsive state (during diestrus) to an analgesically responsive state (during proestrus). Differential signaling by mGluR1, depending on its activation by membrane estrogen receptor α (mERα; during diestrus) versus glutamate (during proestrus), concomitant with the ebb and flow of spinal dynorphin/KOR signaling, functions as a switch, preventing or promoting, respectively, spinal EM2 antinociception. Importantly, EM2 and glutamate-containing varicosities appose spinal neurons that express MOR along with mGluRs and mERα, suggesting that signaling mechanisms regulating analgesic effectiveness of intrathecally applied EM2 also pertain to endogenous EM2. Regulation of spinal EM2 antinociception by both the nature of the endogenous mGluR1activator (i.e., endogenous biased agonism at mGluR1) and changes in spinal dynorphin/KOR signaling represent a novel mechanism for modulating analgesic responsiveness to endogenous EM2 (and perhaps other opioids). This points the way for developing noncanonical pharmacological approaches to pain management by harnessing endogenous opioids for pain relief.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe current prescription opioid abuse epidemic underscores the urgency to develop alternative pharmacotherapies for managing pain. We find that the magnitude of spinal endomorphin 2 (EM2) antinociception not only varies with stage of reproductive cycle, but is also differentially regulated during diestrus and proestrus. This finding highlights the need for sex-specific and cycle-specific approaches to pain management. Additionally, our finding that spinal EM2 antinociception in female rats is regulated by both the ebb and flow of spinal dynorphin/κ-opioid receptor signaling over the estrous cycle, as well as the nature of the endogenous mGluR1activator, could encourage noncanonical pharmacological approaches to pain management, such as harnessing endogenous opioids for pain relief.
Beliefs Regarding Development and Early Intervention Among Low-Income African American and Hispanic Mothers
Authors: Magnusson Dawn M. , Minkovitz Cynthia S. , Kuhlthau Karen A. , Caballero Tania M. , Mistry Kamila B. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVES:Understand the role of health beliefs in shaping maternal decisions regarding help-seeking for children with developmental delay (DD) and explore differences between African American and Hispanic mothers.METHODS:Open-ended, semistructured interviews were conducted with African American and Hispanic mothers of children aged 0 to 36 months with DD. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed by using inductive content analysis.RESULTS:Mothers (n = 22) were African American (36%) or Hispanic (64%), 25 to 34 years old (64%), had less than a high school education (59%), and had children receiving public insurance (95%). Five major themes emerged describing the role of maternal health beliefs in shaping key stages of the help-seeking pathway for children with DD: (1) “I can see” (observing other children and making comparisons); (2) “Children are different and develop in their own time” (perceiving that their child might be different, but not necessarily delayed); (3) “It’s not that I don’t trust the doctor” (relying on social networks rather than pediatricians to inform the help-seeking pathway); (4) “I got so much going on” (difficulty prioritizing early intervention [EI] because of competing stressors); and (5) limited and conflicting information (delaying or forgoing EI because of limited or conflicting information). Differences between African American and Hispanic mothers are also described.CONCLUSIONS:Understanding maternal health beliefs and expectations regarding DD and EI, acknowledging the influence of social networks on help-seeking, and addressing social and financial stressors are critical to ensuring that children with DD are identified and supported at an early age.
Treatment seeking for problematic pornography use among women
Authors: Lewczuk Karol , Szmyd Joanna , Skorko Maciej , Gola Mateusz 
Published: October 2017

Background and aims
Previous studies examined psychological factors related to treatment seeking for problematic pornography use (PU) among males. In this study, we focused on females who seek treatment for problematic PU and compared them with non-problematic pornography users with regard to variables related to problematic PU. Second, we investigated the relationships between critical constructs related to problematic PU with the path analysis method, emphasizing the predictors for treatment seeking among women. We also compared our results with previous studies on males.

Methods
A survey study was conducted on 719 Polish-speaking Caucasian females, 14–63 years old, including 39 treatment seekers for problematic PU.

Results
The positive relationship between the mere amount of PU and treatment seeking loses its significance after introducing two other predictors of treatment-seeking: religiosity and negative symptoms associated with PU. This pattern is different from the results obtained in previous studies on males.

Discussion
Different from previous studies on male samples, our analysis showed that in the case of women, mere amount of PU may be related to treatment-seeking behavior even after accounting for negative symptoms associated with PU. Moreover, religiousness is a significant predictor of treatment seeking among women, which may indicate that in the case of women, treatment seeking for problematic PU is motivated not only by experienced negative symptoms of PU but also by personal beliefs about PU and social norms.

Conclusion
For females, negative symptoms associated with PU, the amount of PU and religiosity is associated with treatment seeking. Those factors should be considered in treatment.
A ramipril versus ramipril/amlodipin fix kombináció egyéves perzisztenciája hypertoniás betegekben
Authors: Simonyi Gábor , Ferenci Tamás 
Published: October 2017

Abstract: Introduction: In the treatment of hypertension avoiding adverse cardiovascular complications to achieve target blood pressure is essential. The appropriate drug selection, and if necessary to change to combination therapy, patients adherence is important which may help fixed dose combination. Aim: The aim of the authors was to investigate the one year adherence of the ramipril and ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination in hypertensive patients. Method: Prescriptions database of the National Health Insurance Fund in Hungary on pharmacy-claims was analysed between October 1, 2012 and September 30, 2013. The authors identified patients who filled prescriptions for ramipril monotherapy and fixed dose combinations of ramipril/amlodipine prescribed for the first time in hypertensive patients who have not received similar drugs in the previous year. To model the adherence, the apparatus of survival analysis was used, where “survival” was the time to abandon the medication. As it was available to month precision, discrete time survival analysis was applied: a generalized linear model was estimated with complementary log-log link function with the kind of drug being the only explanatory variable. Results: 92,546 patients met the inclusion criteria. During the trial period, ramipril therapy or ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination was started in 82,251 and 10,295 patients, respectively. One year persistence rate in patients with ramipril was 30% and 54% in patients with ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy. Considering only the 360-day study period, the mean duration of persistence was 189.9 days in patients on ramipril and 270.6 days on ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy. The hazard of discontinuation was more than twofold higher during treatment with ramipril compared with the use of the ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy (HR = 2.11 [95% CI: 2.05–2.17], p<0,001). Conclusions: There is a significant difference between the one year persistence of ramipril and ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy in hypertension. The result demonstrated that ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy has a better one year persistence rate. When the next step is necessary to achieve target blood pressure, ramipril/amlodipine fixed dose combination therapy is preferable. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(42): 1668–1673.
Postawy Polaków z wyższym wykształceniem wobec imigrantów w zakresie współpracy zawodowej
Authors: Bartkowiak Grażyna , Krugiełka Agnieszka 
Published: October 2017

The article discusses the attitudes of Poles with higher education to immigrants. The theoretical part examines attitudes (categorized as either declared or actual) towards immigrants of selected individual nations, as well as their level of adaptability to the culture and customs of the host country. The empirical part presents the results of the research.The article seeks answers to the following questions: what are the attitudes of educated Poles towards immigrants and working with them on the professional forum? are the attitudes contingent on the nationality/country of origin? 76 individuals responded to a questionnaire developed for the study. The research reveals differences in attitudes towards immigrants within the criteria used for their evaluation and their relationship as well as the nation of origin.
mundos plurales
Authors: Espinosa Betty , Roth André-Noël , Waters William F. 
Published: October 2017

Mundos Plurales es una iniciativa desarrollada por una alianza entre el Grupode Investigación “Análisis de las Políticas Públicas y de la Gestión Pública(APPGP) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL-Bogotá) y elGrupo de Investigación “Políticas Sociales” de la Facultad LatinoamericanaMundos Plurales es una iniciativa desarrollada por una alianza entre el Grupo de Investigación “Análisis de las Políticas Públicas y de la Gestión Pública (APPGP) de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia (UNAL-Bogotá) y el Grupo de Investigación “Políticas Sociales” de la Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales del Ecuador (FLACSO) a través de un convenio vigente entre estas universidades. Cuenta con el respaldo de académicos provenientes de diversas disciplinas, distintas regiones y países, que apuestan por la pluralidad de pensamiento.Mundos Plurales espera reflejar, como sugiere su título, una gran variedad de enfoques temáticos relacionados con las políticas públicas en el más amplio sentido de la palabra. Es una publicación multilingüe que busca promover y defender un espacio latinoamericano publicando textos en castellano, portugués, francés e inglés.
Contra el espacio: lugar, movimiento, conocimiento
Authors: Ingold Tim 
Published: October 2017

Ingold transmite a través de un repertorio teórico innovador la gran diversidad temporal y cultural que define al ser humano en toda su historia y en relación a los animales, paisajes, actividades corporales, y actividades textuales; para Ingold son el movimiento y las capacidades del cuerpo las que crean textualidades vivas y que definen al ser humano; aspectos de la existencia que compartimos con nuestros antepasados, y que actualmente se manifiestan de diferentes formas en diversas sociedades del mundo de hoy o en el mundo indígena. El concepto maestro en el lenguaje de Ingold es el lugar, donde el ser humano realiza sus actividades por caminos, textos y líneas de significación y movimiento. Los lugares son como nudos, sitios donde los humanos se entrelazan a través de líneas de caminantes (wayfaring) y que constituyen una malla (meshwork) de relaciones entre personas, sus paisajes, animales, plantas, y los textos varios que los seres humanos crean en su geografía vivida.
New records of bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) from the Maltese Islands
Authors: Balzan Mario V , Genoud David , Rasmont Pierre , Schwarz Maximilian , Michez Denis 
Published: October 2017

A total of 95 bee species have been recorded from the Maltese Islands (central Mediterranean Sea). The aim of the present note is to report newly recorded species within the study area. A total of nine new species belonging to four families are recorded here: Andrenidae (1 species), Apidae (1 species), Halictidae (5 species), and Megachilidae (2 species).
Kendala Adopsi Benih Bersertifikat untuk Usahatani Kentang
Authors: Sayaka Bambang , Hestina Juni 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong>English</strong><br />Most potato farmers in Indonesia do not adopt certified potato seed. Relatively expensive price of certified seed is the main reason the farmers apply the seed produced by themselves. In general, prices of potato produced using certified seed and those produced using uncertified seed are relatively equal. The farmers who regularly apply certified seed are those having partnership with the potato processor. High risk of potato seed production discourages the certified seed producers to produce it in sufficient amount for market supply. Less cost of certified seed production and improved potato selling price will enhance farmers’ adoption of certified seed. The government needs to empower the farmers to produce quality seed by themselves through informal seed system development rather than they have to depend on commercial certified-seed produced by the formal seed industry.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Adopsi benih kentang bermutu oleh petani kentang di berbagai daerah relatif rendah. Harga benih kentang bersertifikat yang relatif lebih mahal dibanding benih kentang yang dibuat sendiri oleh petani merupakan alasan utama petani tidak menggunakan benih bersertifikat. Harga kentang yang berasal dari benih buatan sendiri dibanding harga kentang yang berasal dari benih bersertifikat jika dijual ke pasar umum harganya relatif sama. Penggunaan benih kentang bersertifikat dilakukan petani terutama untuk kemitraan dengan prosesor kentang. Risiko tinggi dalam memproduksi benih kentang bersertifikat merupakan disinsentif bagi penangkar benih kentang untuk berproduksi dalam jumlah yang memadai. Kemudahan dalam menangkarkan benih bersertifikat dan membaiknya harga jual kentang akan meningkatkan adopsi petani terhadap benih kentang bersertifikat. Pemerintah juga harus berinisiatif agar petani secara mandiri bisa menghasilkan benih kentang bermutu melalui pengembangan sistem benih informal dan tidak harus bergantung pada benih kentang komersial yang dihasilkan industri benih formal.</p>
The Role of Post Harvest Handling on Rice Quality in Indonesia
Authors: Swastika Dewa Ketut Sadra 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Beras berfungsi sebagai makanan pokok dan bahan baku berbagai produk pangan lainnya yang memerlukan kualitas tertentu. Perbaikan kualitas beras tidak memberikan insentif bagi petani dan pedagang di Indonesia, khususnya melalui perontokan, pengeringan, dan penggilingan. Di pihak lain, sebagian besra negara-negara penghasil padi member perhatian lebih pada peningkatan kualitas beras. Kualitas beras meliputi sifat-sifat fisik yang mempengaruhi penampilan maupun sifat-sifat kimia yang menentukan kualitas jika dimasak. Proses produksi, pasca panen, penggilingan dan pemasaran mempengaruhi kualitas beras. Peningkatan kualitas beras akan menguntungkan produsen maupun konsumen beras. Agar pedagang beras bersedia melakukan pasca panen secara baik diperlukan insentif harga yang memadai untuk gabah kering giling dan beras, misalnya harga pembelian oleh pemerintah. Teknologi pasca panen juga harus diperbaiki agar kualitas beras yang dihasilkan menjadi lebih baik.</p><p> </p><p><strong>English</strong><br />Aside from being a staple food, rice also has many uses, especially for food industry. Various rice uses require quality evaluation according to the requirement for a specific end use. Whether rice is acceptable for an intended use is determined by quality testing based on a fixed set of criteria. In Indonesia, the main problem of rice quality improvement is the absence of incentive for farmers and traders to improve rice quality, especially through proper threshing, drying, and milling. On the other hands, most rice producing countries are currently paying more attention to the development of post harvest handling and processing to ensure higher rice grain quality. Rice quality is multidimensional. It includes both physical characteristics that influence appearance, and chemical characteristics that determine cooking quality. Thus, rice grain quality is determined by: production process, post harvest handling, milling and marketing techniques. Among rice post harvest handling, proper threshing, drying, milling, and storage are the key points to produce good quality rice. Rice quality improvement is expected to increase national welfare by raising the value of rice to either consumers or producers. In order to encourage rice businessmen to do the proper post harvest handling, there should be attractive price incentives policy for selling dried paddy (GKG) and milled rice (beras). Price incentive could be in the form of government purchasing price (HPP). In other words, there should be an attractive incentive to do a proper threshing, drying and rice milling by using improved technology in order to produce high quality rice.</p>