bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent observed neuro-behavioral and pro-social improvements with oxytocin following surgical resection of craniopharyngioma
Authors: Cook Naomi , Miller Jennifer , Hart John 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Social and emotional impairment, school dysfunction, and neurobehavioral impairment are highly prevalent in survivors of childhood craniopharyngioma and negatively affect quality of life. As surgical resection of craniopharyngioma typically impairs hypothalamic/pituitary function, it has been postulated that perhaps post-operative deficiency of the hormone oxytocin may be the etiology of social/emotional impairment. Research on the benefits of oxytocin treatment as a hormone facilitating social interaction is well established. However, no research has yet been conducted on patients with known pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction due to structural lesions or surgery. This case report investigates the effects of oxytocin therapy on a youngster with pituitary/hypothalamic dysfunction after craniopharyngioma removal. In this individual, treatment with low dose intranasal oxytocin resulted in increased desire for socialization and improvement in affection towards family. In light of these findings, the authors believe that further research into the potential benefits of intranasal oxytocin therapy for patients with panhypopituitarism is necessary to determine whether a broader population may also benefit from intranasal oxytocin therapy.
Atonement in African Pluralistic Context: Examples from the Luhya of Western Kenya
Authors: Njibwakale Wabomba Sychellus 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The study is a response to the call for papers that focus on African issues and it discusses the issue of atonement. The question which is raised is whether the Jewish and Luhya traditional concepts of atonement are similar or not. To answer this question, I have attempted to explain the understanding of the concept in Jewish tradition before comparing and contrasting this with the Luhya traditional concept of atonement. The study shows that there is a sense of harmony maintained or restored between worshippers and their objects of worship. Through a study of comparative religions, we find various depictions of atonement in different religious traditions. But the goal is the same—the attainment of forgiveness and reconciliation.
RETRACTED: SECONDARY ELEMENTS OF BLOOD pH VARIATION CAN INFLUENCE THE EFFORT EFFECTIVENESS BASED ON ADAPTIVE CHANGES WITHIN A GROUP OF ELITE ATHLETES
Authors: Martin Ștefan Adrian , Tomescu Valeriu , Voidăzan Septimiu 
Published: May 2016

RETRACTED: http://www.clujulmedical.umfcluj.ro/index.php/cjmed/article/view/774
PROFESSOR GHEORGHE BILAŞCU’S CONTRIBUTION TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE AND CULTURE IN ROMANIA
Authors: Rotaru Alexandru , Petrovai Ion , Rotaru Horatiu 
Published: May 2016

When speaking about Professor Gheorghe Bilaşcu (1863-1926) and his major contribution to the establishment of Romanian medical education in Cluj, he should be considered not only in terms of scientist and creator of the Dental School, but also through his commitment to the development of science and culture in Romania. A wealthy dentist in Budapest where he graduated from the Dental School, he supported a lot of Romanian students to attend schools and universities in the Budapest, thus contributing to the development of culture in his own country. Finally, he left his private practice in the Capital of Hungary to come to Cluj to support the efforts of building the Dental School and profession in Romania. This paper illustrates the contribution that Professor Gheorghe Bilaşcu made to the development of higher education in Romania, as well as his support of the local culture.
A QI Initiative to Reduce Hospitalization for Children With Isolated Skull Fractures
Authors: Lyons Todd W. , Stack Anne M. , Monuteaux Michael C. , Parver Stephanie L. , Gordon Catherine R. , Gordon Caroline D. , Proctor Mark R. , Nigrovic Lise E. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Although children with isolated skull fractures rarely require acute interventions, most are hospitalized. Our aim was to safely decrease the hospitalization rate for children with isolated skull fractures.

METHODS:
We designed and executed this multifaceted quality improvement (QI) initiative between January 2008 and July 2015 to reduce hospitalization rates for children ≤21 years old with isolated skull fractures at a single tertiary care pediatric institution. We defined an isolated skull fracture as a skull fracture without intracranial injury. The QI intervention consisted of 2 steps: (1) development and implementation of an evidence-based guideline, and (2) dissemination of a provider survey designed to reinforce guideline awareness and adherence. Our primary outcome was hospitalization rate and our balancing measure was hospital readmission within 72 hours. We used standard statistical process control methodology to assess change over time. To assess for secular trends, we examined admission rates for children with an isolated skull fracture in the Pediatric Health Information System administrative database.

RESULTS:
We identified 321 children with an isolated skull fracture with a median age of 11 months (interquartile range 5–16 months). The baseline admission rate was 71% (179/249, 95% confidence interval, 66%–77%) and decreased to 46% (34/72, 95% confidence interval, 35%–60%) after implementation of our QI initiative. No child was readmitted after discharge. The admission rate in our secular trend control group remained unchanged at 78%.

CONCLUSIONS:
We safely reduced the hospitalization rate for children with isolated skull fractures without an increase in the readmissions.
Central Glutaminergic Influences on Viscero-visceral Inhibitory Reflex During Colonal Descending Distension in Ovine Model
Authors: B.F. Kania  , D. Wrońska  
Published: May 2016

The aim of presented study was to examine the participation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) in development and maintenence reticulo-ruminal motility inhibition caused by visceral pain caused by colonic distension (CD) of different degrees provoked in ovine. Motility inhibition was qualified as a vegetative symptom of the nocifensive effects (viscero-visceral inhibitory reflex). The experiment was carried out on 12 female sheep, Polish merino, in the anoestrus period. A five min CD episode provokes a statistically significant reticulo-ruminal motility inhibition. Intracerebroventriculary (i.c.v.) administration of the group I mGluRs antagonist DL-AP3 10 min prior to CD, prevents the visceral pain development. Practically all pain symptoms were easy to observe and quantify. These symptoms were recurrently appearing in animals suffering colon distension; however, the intensity was smaller than in the case of duodenal distension. It suggests that this model of colic is not only less invasive but also less painful for animals. In conclusion, the development and maintenance of reticulo-ruminal motor inhibition of colonic distension are dependent on group I mGluRs receptor activation in the CNS and that these receptors play a crucial role in modulating the acute colonic pain (experimental colic). This less invasive in vivo method may be useful for testing the efficacy of potentially analgesic xenobiotics in small ruminants.
Segregación Social y Políticas Públicas: Un Estudio sobre el Turismo en la isla Mexcaltitlán, México
Authors: Paula Sara Conceição , Carvalho Fabiola Cristina Costa de 
Published: May 2016

El objetivo de esto trabajo es problematizar la conformación de espacios de segregación como efecto de las perspectivas de la política pública. Específicamente, se observa las incoherencias del Programa de Pueblos Mágicos a partir de la experiencia de intervención del turismo en la isla Mexcaltitlán de Uribe a partir de un análisis del fundamento de las políticas públicas basada en la igualdad de posiciones y asistencia condicionada. La investigación que utiliza una revisión bibliográfica, datos secundarios y observación directa identificó un proceso de segregación política formalizando la (no) intervención gubernamental, además de una evasión del patrimonio cultural. En el lugar de una acción supuestamente articulada por el Estado, la isla fue rechazada (sobrepenalizada) por sus propias condiciones de vulnerabilidad social, económica estructural.
O mapeamento de processos como ferramenta para tomada de decisão na implantação de SIG: estudo de caso de uma lavanderia hospitalar
Authors: Lara Gianni 
Published: May 2016

Objetiva-se conceituar SIG - Sistema de Informações Gerenciais e Mapeamento dos Processos, suas correlações e relevância para a gestão hospitalar. Apontar sugestões e um modelo de SIG para a Lavanderia do Hospital Y. O SIG é um instrumento administrativo que aperfeiçoa a comunicação, melhora o processo decisório pelo uso eficiente dos seus recursos, mas que, para isso, exige da organização um investimento relativamente alto em tecnologia da informação (Hardware e Software) e capacitação de pessoal. Ao levar em consideração os processos e mapeá-los, é possível conhecer e diagnosticar melhor as atividades desenvolvidas, conectar e difundir conhecimentos e potencializar o grau de sucesso na implantação do sistema. A metodologia adotada contemplou estudo de caso, pesquisa bibliográfica, pesquisa documental, observação participante e aplicação de entrevistas estruturadas junto aos empregados do setor. Concluiu-se que, ao conhecer melhor os processos que serão controlados pelo SIG, potencializa-se o grau de sucesso de sua implantação e que, a partir de uma visão integrada dos processos, os serviços de informação podem atingir seus objetivos de forma mais satisfatória.
INFLUÊNCIA DA ESCALA DE ALDRETE E KROULIK NAS ESTRATÉGIAS DE GESTÃO DA SALA DE RECUPERAÇÃO PÓS-ANESTÉSICA
Authors: Volquind Daniel , Fellini Roberto Taboada , Schnor Otávio Haygert , Flores Rafael Py Gonçalves , Londero Bruno Bertagnolli 
Published: May 2016

Os critérios de alta da sala de recuperação pós-anestésica (SRPA) podem ser sistematizados através de protocolos assistenciais, como a escala de Aldrete e Kroulik, por critérios empíricos ou pelo anestesiologista que realizou o procedimento anestésico ao estabelecer um horário para alta. Este estudo objetiva validar a utilização da escala de Aldrete e Kroulik como uma ferramenta na gestão eficiente da SRPA. Foram analisados restrospectivamente os dados coletados de 233 prontuários e constaram da classificação ASA, tempo programado para alta da SRPA determinado pelo anestesiologista, a pontuação estabelecida pela escala de Aldrete e Kroulik na admissão e na alta da SRPA e o tempo de permanência na SRPA determinado pelo escala de Aldrete e Kroulik. A média do escore de Aldrete e Kroulik na admissão dos pacientes na SRPA foi 7,1 (DP=0,05) com mínimo de 6 e máximo de 9. Na alta da SRPA, a média do escore de Aldrete e Kroulik foi 9,9 (DP =0,02) com mínimo de 9 e máximo de 10. Houve significância estatística na comparação do tempo estimado para alta pelo anestesiologista e tempo médio real estabelecido pela escala de Aldrete e Kroulik. A escala de Aldrete e Kroulik, como um critério sistematizado de alta da SRPA, é validada como uma ferramenta na gestão eficiente da sala de recuperação pós-anestésica.
Planejamento e Gestão Logística de Medicamentos em uma Central de Abastecimento Farmacêutico Hospitalar
Authors: Andreoli Gustavo Luís Meffe , Dias Cleidson Nogueira 
Published: May 2016

Este trabalho aborda sobre planejamento e gestão logística de medicamentos na Central de Abastecimento Farmacêutico (CAF) de um Hospital situado em Brasília no Distrito Federal. Os objetivos centram-se em detectar e priorizar as deficiências no abastecimento de medicamentos e identificar ações para o problema priorizado relacionado à logística de medicamentos desse Hospital. Como metodologia, optou-se por uma pesquisa qualitativa baseada em instrumentos de entrevista do tipo grupo focal. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos problemas de logística identificados está relacionada à programação inadequada de compra dos medicamentos, sendo esse um dos motivos da irregularidade no abastecimento farmacêutico do hospital.
Are Uremia, Diabetes, and Atherosclerosis Linked with Impaired Antioxidant Mechanisms?
Authors: Dursun Belda , Dursun Evrim , Capraz Irfan , Ozben Tomris , Apaydin Ali , Suleymanlar Gultekin 
Published: May 2016

Background Oxidative stress is a new risk factor for atherosclerosis. Increased oxidative stress in hemodialysis (HD) patients may arise from uremia-associated metabolic/humoral abnormalities and bioincompatibility of dialysis. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) may be subject to an additional risk. Respective influences of uremia, diabetes, and HD duration in accelerated atherosclerosis and oxidative stress have not been clarified yet. Methods The study was performed on 24 nondiabetic HD patients, 23 diabetic HD patients, 20 stages 3 to 4 chronic kidney disease patients, and 21 diabetic patients without overt nephropathy. Carotid intima-media thickness, a surrogate of atherosclerosis, was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Oxidant status was determined by lipid peroxidation as expressed by malondialdehyde (MDA); antioxidant status was determined by superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, reduced intracellular glutathione, and plasma thiol. Results Intima-media thickness (IMT) was higher in patients undergoing HD but not different between nondiabetic HD patients and diabetic HD patients. No correlation was found between the duration of HD and intima-media thickness. Antioxidants were generally lower in HD patients. Intima-media thickness was positively correlated with MDA and negatively correlated with plasma thiol. Among other risk factors, only age was correlated with intima-media thickness. Conclusions Increased carotid IMT in HD patients is independent of duration of HD or diabetes status. Age and MDA are the significant predictors of carotid IMT. Increased oxidative stress due to impaired antioxidant mechanisms, particularly reduced plasma thiol redox potential, may account for accelerated atherosclerosis in high-risk patients with chronic kidney failure and/or DM.
Altered Kinetics of Interleukin-6 and other Inflammatory Mediators during Exercise in Children with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Rosa Jaime S. , Oliver Stacy R. , Mitsuhashi Masato , Flores Rebecca L. , Pontello Andria M. , Zaldivar Frank P. , Galassetti Pietro R. 
Published: May 2016

Background Leukocyte mobilization and secretions of cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors in children during exercise are necessary biochemical signals for physiological growth and long-term cardiovascular protection. Because of glycemic instability, altered exercise responses, particularly the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6, may occur in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) that could influence the onset/progression of diabetic vascular complications. Relatively little is known, however, on most molecular aspects of immunomodulatory adaptation to exercise in diabetic children. Methods We therefore studied 21 children (age, 13.4 ± 0.3 years; 13 boys/8 girls) with T1DM and 21 age-matched healthy controls during 30 minutes of intense and intermittent cycling exercise. Euglycemia was maintained during and for greater than 90 minutes before exercise; blood samples for IL-6 and other cytokines/chemokines were drawn before, during (every 6 minutes), and after (every 15 minutes) exercise. Results In T1DM, exercise-induced IL-6 peak occurred earlier and with greater magnitude than that in controls; an exploratory analysis of additional inflammatory mediators displayed a similarly accelerated/exaggerated pattern in T1DM, including the kinetic profiles of tumor necrosis factor α, IL-4, IL-12p70, IL-17, granulocyte-monocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, macrophage inflammatory protein-1α, and eotaxin (interferon-inducible protein-10 was the only measured variable essentially indistinguishable between groups). Conclusion Therefore, during intense and intermittent exercise, significant alterations in the immunologic pattern of inflammatory regulation occurred in children with T1DM as compared with healthy controls. Our findings underscore how the understanding of all the underlying molecular mechanisms is a necessary prerequisite for achieving effective use of exercise and the full manifestation of its health benefits, particularly in understudied populations such as children with T1DM who are at increased risk for cardiovascular complications.
Effects of N-3 Fatty Acids on Hepatic Triglyceride Content in Humans
Authors: Vega Gloria Lena , Chandalia Manisha , Szczepaniak Lidia S. , Grundy Scott M. 
Published: May 2016

Background Because dietary N-3 fatty acids reduce plasma triglycerides, they may also decrease hepatic triglyceride content. If so, N-3 fatty acids might constitute a therapy for fatty liver. Methods Twenty-two subjects were recruited into a study designed to test the effects of N-3 fatty acids on liver fat content. Seventeen completed the trial that had a sequential design of 4-week placebo followed by an 8-week treatment with 9 g/d of fish oil. Liver fat was measured during placebo and treatment by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Compliance was assessed by capsule count at the end of each study phase and measurement of fatty acid composition in plasma triglyceride and phospholipid. Plasma lipoproteins and adiponectin were also measured. Results Treatment with fish oils reduced significantly levels of plasma triglyceride by 46% ( P <.03), very low-density lipoprotein + intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol by 21% ( P <.03), total apolipoprotein B by 15% ( P <.03). In contrast to the changes in plasma triglycerides, hepatic triglyceride content was not significantly reduced by fish oil treatment. Conclusions N-3 fatty acids at high doses lower plasma triglyceride levels, but there are no significant decreases in hepatic content of triglyceride for the group as a whole. Whereas the triglyceride lowering is uniform, the liver response is more variable.
Adenosine A2A Receptor Hyperexpression in Patients with Severe SIRS after Cardiopulmonary Bypass
Authors: Kerbaul François , Bénard Frédéric , Giorgi Roch , Youlet By , Carrega Louis , Zouher Ibrahim , Mercier Laurence , Gérolami Victoria , Bénas Vincent , Blayac Dorothée , Gariboldi Vlad , Collart Frédéric , Guieu Régis 
Published: May 2016

Objective Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous nucleoside, which has been involved in blood pressure failure during severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome (severe SIRS) after cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Adenosine acts via its receptor subtypes, namely A1, A2A, A2B, or A3. Because A2A receptors are implicated in vascular tone, their expression might contribute to severe SIRS. We compared adenosine plasma levels (APLs) and A2A ADO receptor expression (ie, B, K, and mRNA amount) in patients with or without postoperative SIRS. Patients This was a prospective comparative observational study. Forty-four patients who underwent cardiac surgery involving CPB. Ten healthy subjects served as controls. Measurements and Results Among the patients, 11 presented operative vasoplegia and postoperative SIRS (named complicated patients) and 33 were without vasoplegia or SIRS (named uncomplicated patients). Adenosine plasma levels, K, B, and mRNA amount (mean ± SD) were measured on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Adenosine plasma levels, B, and K were significantly higher in complicated patients than in uncomplicated patients (APLs: 2.7 ± 1.0 vs 1.0 ± 0.5 μmol l−1, P < 0.05; B: 210 ± 43 vs 65 ± 26 fmol/mg, P < 0.05; K: 35 ± 10 vs 2 ± 1 nM, P < 0.05). In uncomplicated patients, APLs remain higher than in controls (1 ± 0.5 vs 0.6 ± 0.25 μmol/L; P < 0.05). Mean arterial pressure was inversely correlated to APLs (R = −0.58; P < 0.001) and B (R = −0.64; P < 0.001) leading to an increased requirement of vasoactive drugs during the postoperative period in vasoplegic patients. Conclusions High expression of A2A ADO receptor and high APLs may be a predictive factor of postoperative severe SIRS after CPB.
Association of TaqIB Polymorphism in the Cholesteryl Ester Transfer Protein Gene with Serum Lipid Levels in the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han Populations
Authors: Yijiang Zhou , Ruixing Yin , Yiyang Li , Yaju Deng , Shangling Pan , Weixiong Lin , Dezhai Yang 
Published: May 2016

Background Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) plays an important role in lipoprotein metabolism. The present study was undertaken to compare the difference in the CETP TaqIB gene polymorphism and its association with serum lipid levels between the Guangxi Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. Methods A total of 758 subjects of Hei Yi Zhuang and 778 participants of Han Chinese were surveyed. Genotyping of the CETP TaqIB was performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism and then confirmed using direct sequencing. Results The genotypic and allelic frequencies were significant differences between smokers and nonsmokers, or between hypertensives and normotensives in Hei Yi Zhuang, and between drinkers and nondrinkers in Han. The levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and apolipoprotein AI in Hei Yi Zhuang but not in Han were higher in B2B2 genotype than in B1B1 genotype ( P < 0.01 for each). Higher HDL-C levels in Hei Yi Zhuang were found only in females, nondrinkers, nonsmokers, subjects with a body mass index of 24 kg/m2 or lesser, or normotensives in B2B2 genotype. Higher HDL-C levels in Han were found only in females in B2B2 genotype and in subjects with a body mass index of 24 kg/m2 or lesser or normotensives in B1B2 genotype. The levels of HDL-C in B1B1 and B1B2 individuals in both ethnic groups were higher in drinkers than in nondrinkers. Conclusions There were significant differences in the interactions between the CETP TaqIB genotypes and several environmental factors in the Hei Yi Zhuang and Han populations. The polymorphism predicted differences in HDL-C and ApoAI in the Hei Yi Zhuang but not in the Han Chinese, even after adjustment for confounding variables. This means that the gene may not be truly involved in regulation of high-density lipoprotein metabolism or that there is an ethnic-specific effect.