bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Threat in Water for Drinking and Domestic Use
Authors: Atik Dursun , Oksuz Sukrü , Ozturk Elif , Çaliskan Emel , Akar Nida , Sungur Mehmet Ali 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been recognized as a diverse group of organisms that are ubiquitous in environmental sources. In most regions of the world, NTM are not reportable as a public health disease, so epidemiological data are not easily available. However, data in published studies note increasing trends at the rate of NTM isolation from different geographic regions of the world. Increasing NTM isolation may have important public health implications. The aim of our study is the investigation of NTM from water resources and networks in Düzce, Turkey.

Methods:
NTM are common in water resources and water networks. They can cause waterborne infections in humans. A total of 120 water samples measured of chlorine and pH levels were decontaminated and filtered. Then, the filters were placed in the culturing media.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square and t-test were used for the statistical analysis.

Results:
NTM were detected in 20 (16.6%) samples. Nine of them (45%) were Mycobacterium fortuitum, three (15%) were Mycobacterium gordonae, three (15%) were Mycobacterium szulgai, two (10%) were Mycobacterium lentiflavum, two (10%) were Mycobacterium chelonae, and one (5%) was Mycobacterium peregrinum.

Conclusions:
These environmental bacteria can cause serious illnesses in both immunocompetent and especially immunocompromised individuals. For the correct treatment of these patients, it is important to determine NTM in clinical samples. Surveillance is necessary to know the source of NTM infection, to identify and type the strains, and to establish effective control measures such as disinfection, maintenance, and modernization of water systems.
Description of Wylie-Stanley Agar for the Recovery of Mycobacterium abscessus
Authors: Moore John Edmund , Murphy Alan , Millar Beverley Cherie 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The microbiology of cystic fibrosis (CF) is complicated by the presence of several species, including Mycobacterium abscessus, which are highly resistant to antibiotics. Conventional selective bacteriological methods employ antibiotics which favor the growth of one bacterial component over others in a mixed population. For in vitro studies examining multiple species, for example, in dual biofilm models, it is difficult to successfully separate M. abscessus from nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) species. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to develop a selective agar medium that was able to isolate M. abscessus from a pool of other highly-resistant Gram-negative organisms, which would be useful to microbiologists performing co-culture experiments and which require re-isolation of the NTM organism.

Methods:
Wylie-Stanley agar (WSA) was developed consisting of glucose, 16 g/l; yeast extract, 30 g/l; peptone, 6.8 g/l; and agar, 20 g/l along with selective supplements including chloramphenicol, 50 mg/l; ceftazidime, 32 mg/l; colistin, 24 mg/l; trimethoprim, 21.3 mg/l; sulfamethoxazole, 106.7 mg/l; and novobiocin, 50 mg/l. This medium was (i) challenged with 10 non-NTM species (27 isolates) of common Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms associated with CF and (ii) compared to Columbia Blood Agar and Middlebrook 7H10 Agar for the isolation of M. abscessus organisms from mixed cultures of NTM organisms and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.

Results:
This medium was highly specific for the growth of M. abscessus organisms and grew all NTM organisms. WSA medium did not allow the growth of any of the non-NTM species. When mixed cultures of M. abscessus species and P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia were inoculated onto WSA medium, only the NTM organism could be grown successfully, highlighting the specificity of this medium. In contrast, both Columbia Blood Agar and Middlebrook 7H10 Agar allowed the growth of both NTM and non-NTM organisms.

Conclusion:
While the specificity was high, the sensitivity of WSA was low, and therefore, we do not advocate employment of WSA medium for the primary isolation of M. abscessus organisms from CF sputum, rather for the purposes of separating M. abscessus populations of organisms from other highly-resistant organisms, including P. aeruginosa and S. maltophilia, which would be useful to microbiologists performing co-culture experiments and which require re-isolation of the pure M. abscessus organism.
Epidemiological study of patients with cleft lip and palate at Specialized National Hospital in Venezuela
Authors: Moleiro Katherine , Cordsen Hans , Manresa Carlos , Garcia Olaisa , Ferrer Javianna Castellanos , Guevara Henry Garcia , Viamonte Maria Daniela 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Aims:
The aims of the study are to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the patients with cleft lip and palate (CLP) treated at Specialized National Hospital in Venezuela.

Materials and Methods:
This was a retrospective, epidemiological, and cross-sectional study. Sample involved medical records from patients with diagnosis of any CLP treated from 2011 to 2021. The variables analyzed were age, gender, origin, anatomical structures involved, syndromes, other associated conditions, and sequelae, which were collected and analyzed. A descriptive analysis of each variable was carried out.

Results:
Data from 641 patients were analyzed, with an average age of 1 year old (±3 months–9 years of age), showing an equitable distribution in relation to gender. Of the facial clefts, the most common was the complete bilateral alveolar cleft (16.2%), followed by the complete left cleft lip (10.5%). The study yielded few cases of patients with some syndrome or associated condition (3.7% for each one, respectively). Geographically, there was a distribution of cases in all the states of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, with the largest number of cases being in the capital region.

Conclusions:
It was observed that the prevalence of CLP has increased in recent years; these epidemiological figures vary by region, age, and gender. However, greater knowledge from health professionals is necessary to understand the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the orofacial cleft, which is essential to improve the understanding of the pathogenesis, promote preventive strategies, and guide multidisciplinary clinical care.
Ayurvedic management of infantile atopic dermatitis: A case report
Authors: Keshava B. Prasanna , Bhat U. Ajay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
From the Ayurvedic perspective, the clinical presentation of atopic dermatitis (AD) can correlate to Vata-Kapha Pradhana Kushta. We present the case of a 1-year-old male child who presented to the outpatient department with symptoms of dryness of the skin and maculopapular rashes associated with itching over the chest, abdomen, and cheeks, persisting for the last 6 to 8 months. Applying calamine lotion and betamethasone valerate cream for 3 months provided temporary relief. Regular usage of the topical medicines resulted in altered pigmentation. Parents of the child sought out Ayurvedic treatment due to the limited efficacy of previous treatments and the recurrent nature of the symptoms. As per Ayurveda, the case was diagnosed as Vata-Kapha Pradhana Kushta. The interventions used for the management include the internal administration of Mahatikthaka Gritha to the mother and child, Gopichandanadi Gulika (tablet) taken orally by powdering and mixing with honey, and Eladi Keram (oil) for local application. There was a considerable reduction in the disease symptoms in the first 3 months; symptoms were completely relieved after 6 months, and there was no recurrence. The results of this case study indicate that Ayurvedic interventions can manage infantile atopic dermatitis and have the potential to prevent or reduce the possibility of recurrence.
Scope of Ayurveda treatment in Myopia: A systematic review of current trends
Authors: Dagar Satyavati , Fiaz Shamsa , Hanifa Nasreen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND:
Though myopia is an ophthalmic refractive error disease that is commonly managed with refractive glasses and advanced surgeries, it still remains a refractive condition of great concern. Patients often resort to alternate methods to rectify or manage myopia and prevention of its progression. Ayurveda refers to myopia as Timira (errors of refraction), characterized by disturbances in vision; hence, it is considered to be a part of Drishtigata Rogas (eyesight disorders). According to the Ayurvedic perspective, myopia is primarily a result of vitiated Doshas, particularly the imbalance of the Vata Dosha, which impairs the eye muscles and lens, resulting in the inability to focus on distant objects.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This review adhered to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines and involved a comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus, and UGC-CARE-listed Ayurveda journals from January 2000 to September 2023. The focus was on randomized controlled trials examining Ayurvedic interventions, including topical and oral therapies, for managing myopia or Timira. The search aimed to identify all relevant studies published within the specified timeframe. The Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) was utilized to evaluate the risk of bias.

RESULTS:
A total of six publications in credible journals were found and analyzed, which revealed that practices such as Netra Tarpana (retaining of medicated ghee over the eye), Nasya (medication through the nasal route), Anjana (collyrium), use of Triphala, Ayurvedic formulations, yoga, and specific eye exercises can enhance the strength of ocular muscles, promote better nourishment of ocular tissues, and foster overall eye health.

CONCLUSION:
By implementing prophylactic measures, followed by therapeutic and systemic therapies, myopia can be controlled with a multidimensional approach, but due to limited sources of evidence, the certainty can only be proven after extensive clinical trials.
Naso-mucociliary Clearance Time among Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria
Authors: Afolabi Olushola Abdulrahman , Segun-Busari Segun , Omokanye Habeeb Kayodele , Jimoh Muritala , Iheagwu Iheayi O. , Omotosho Wasiu , Idris Saad O. , Uche-Okonkwo Kenechukwu , Alabi Biodun Sulyman , Dunmade Adekunle David , Ologe Foluwasayo E. 
Published: September 2024

Context:
The mucociliary clearance system is an important component in the prevention of chronic inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus.

Aim:
The study aims to establish the normal values of mucociliary clearance in our region and to study the variation in mucociliary activity in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis in Ilorin, North-central Nigeria.

Settings and Design:
This was a prospective, cross-sectional study using consecutive consenting participants in both the control and study groups carried out at both family medicine and otorhinolaryngology clinics among patients attending the clinics.

Subjects and Methods:
After ethical approval was sought, informed consent was obtained from patients, a modified version of the validated health questionnaire was filled, semi-structured questionnaires were also filled after which patient undergo anterior rhinoscopy, nasal patency test and spirometry was done. The saccharine test has been used to measure nasal-mucociliary clearance time in the past.

Statistical Analysis:
All information were entered into SPSS version 20 and analysed descriptively, and results were presented in tables and figures.

Results:
Consecutive consenting 125 patients with rhinosinusitis (study group) and those without rhinosinusitis (control group) underwent naso-mucociliary clearance test. There were 34 males and 91 females with a male:female ratio of 1:2.6 among the study group and 55 males and 70 females with a male:female ratio of 1:1.3 for the control group. The age range was from 18 to 68 years with 18–40 years constituting the modal age group. The mean age for the studied group was 35.7 years while that of the control group was 33.1 years. The mean naso-mucociliary clearance time among the study group was 35.1 min standard deviation (SD = 12.32 ± 1.63), while among the control group, it was 14.8 min (SD = 5.59 ± 0.43).

Conclusion:
Compared to the control group, there was a roughly 200% prolonged increase in the duration of naso-mucociliary clearance time among patients with rhinosinusitis. There was also a positive correlation with increasing age. Future studies comparing the pre-operative and post-operative treatment of rhinosinusitis will contribute to knowledge.
Endpoint eigenfunction bounds for the Hermite operator
Authors: Jeong Eunhee , Lee Sanghyuk , Ryu Jaehyeon 
Published: September 2024

We establish the optimal

L^{p}

,

p= 2(d+3)/(d+1)

, eigenfunction bound for the Hermite operator

\mathcal{H}=-\Delta+|x|^{2}

on

\mathbb{R}^{d}

. Let

\Pi_{\lambda}

denote the projection operator to the vector space spanned by the eigenfunctions of

\mathcal{H}

with eigenvalue

\lambda

. The optimal

L^{2}

–

L^{p}

bounds on

\Pi_{\lambda}

,

{2\le p\le \infty}

, have been known by the works of Karadzhov and Koch–Tataru except

p= 2(d+3)/(d+1)

. For

d\ge 3

, we prove the optimal bound for the missing endpoint case. Our result is built on a new phenomenon: improvement of the bound due to asymmetric localization near the sphere

\sqrt{\lambda} \mathbb{S}^{d-1}

.
ANALISIS ANALISIS KADAR INTERLEUKIN 6 (IL-6) PADA PASIEN HEPATITIS B DI KLINIK UTAMA MATA JEC ORBITA MAKASSAR
Authors: Darmo Kasmuddin , Dekayana Arlitha , Judmainnah Judmainnah , Fadlila RN Risky Nurul , Aznawi Amira 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Hepatitis B is an inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus. When inflammation occurs, cytokines in the body will respond or recognize the type of pathogen in the form of a virus that enters the body and Interleukin 6 (IL 6) is a cytokine secreted from tissues. body during acute or chronic infection. Interleukin 6 (IL- 6) is a proinflammatory cytokine. The purpose of this study was to analyze the levels of Interleukin 6 (IL-6) in hepatitis B patients using a descriptive analytic method. The samples used were serum samples in Hepatitis B patients as many as 20 patients who were adjusted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria using the ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay) method. The results of this study obtained that the highest interleukin 6 level was 153.67 pg/mL and the lowest interleukin 6 level was 1.37 pg/mL. Hepatitis B patients with normal interleukin 6 levels were 12 patients with a percentage of 60%, while those with high interleukin 6 levels were 8 patients with a percentage of 40%. Interleukin 6 does not cause hepatitis B but interleukin 6 and hepatitis B are related. Increased levels of interleukin 6 can be used as an indicator to predict the risk of acute hepatitis B.
Keywords: Hepatitis B, Indicator, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), ELISA

ABSTRAK
Hepatitis B adalah peradangan pada organ hati yang disebabkan oleh virus hepatitis B. Pada saat terjadi inflamasi, sitokin yang ada dalam tubuh akan merespon atau mengenali jenis patogen berupa virus yang masuk ke dalam tubuh dan Interleukin 6 (IL 6) adalah sitokin yang disekresikan dari jaringan tubuh ketika terjadi infeksi akut atau kronik. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) merupakan sitokin proinflamasi. Tujuan dari penetilian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kadar Interleukin 6 (IL-6) pada pasien hepatitis B dengan metode deskriptif analitik. Sampel yang digunakan yaitu sampel serum pada pasien Hepatitis B sebanyak 20 pasien yang disesuaikan dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi dengan menggunakan metode ELISA (Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay). Hasil dari penelitian ini diperoleh kadar interleukin 6 tertinggi yaitu sebanyak 153.67 pg/mL dan kadar interleukin 6 terendah yaitu sebanyak 1.37 pg/mL. Pasien Hepatitis B dengan kadar interleukin 6 normal sebanyak 12 pasien dengan persentasi sebanyak 60%, sedangkan dengan kadar interleukin 6 tinggi sebanyak 8 pasien dengan persentasi 40%. Interleukin 6 bukan penyebab hepatitis B tetapi interleukin 6 dan hepatitis B merupakan sesuatu yang berhubungan. Meningkatnya kadar interleukin 6 bisa dijadikan indikator untuk memprediksi resiko hepatitis B akut.
Kata Kunci : Hepatitis B, Indikator, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), ELISA
UJI DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN KEDONDONG (Spondias dulcis L.) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN JAMUR Aspergillus flavus
Authors: Umar Ani , Jumiati Jumiati , Yuniar Viranda 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Different chemical compounds in various plants such as leaves. One of an alternative vegetable material that has the potential to have activity as antifungi is a leaf of kedondong. The leaves have saponin compounds, alkaloids and tannins. This study aims to determine the inhibitor power of leaves kedondong (Spondias dulcis L.) to Aspergillus flavus and to determine the concentration of leaf extract kedondong (Spondias dulcis L.) which effectively inhibits the growth of Aspergillus flavus fungus. Types of research is experiments with the extract of the given kedondong leaf treatment as an inhibitory test againts Aspergillus flavus growth. Kedondong leaf extract obtained by maseration method for 5 days and this research uses Kirby bauer method (diffusion disk). The results showed that there is no clear zone around the disc paper indicating the extract of the kedondong leaf can not be inhibits the growth of Aspergillus flavus with concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15%.
Keywords : Inhibition Zones, Kedondong Leaves, Aspergillus flavus.

ABSTRAK
Pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus flavus dapat dihambat oleh kandungan senyawa kimia yang beragam pada berbagai tumbuhan seperti daun. Salah satu alternatif bahan nabati yang berpotensi mempunyai aktivitas sebagai antifungi adalah daun kedondong. Daun tersebut memiliki senyawa saponin, alkaloid dan tannin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya hambat daun kedondong (Spondias dulcis L.) terhadap jamur Aspergillus flavus dan untuk menentukan konsentrasi ekstrak daun kedondong (Spondias dulcis L.) yang efektif menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus flavus. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah eksperimen dengan ekstrak daun kedondong diberikan perlakuan sebagai uji daya hambat terhadap pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus. Ekstrak daun kedondong diperoleh dengan metode maserasi selama 5 hari dan penelitian ini menggunakan metode Kirby bauer (difusi disk). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tidak terdapat zona bening disekitar paper disk yang menandakan ekstrak daun kedondong tidak dapat menghambat pertumbuhan Aspergillus flavus dengan konsentrasi 5%, 10%, dan 15%.
Kata kunci : Zona Hambat, Daun Kedondong, Aspergillus flavus
GAMBARAN KADAR HEMATOKRIT PADA PASIEN DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DI RUMAH SAKIT DAERAH MANGUSADA, BADUNG, BALI
Authors: Sarihati I Gusti Agung Dewi , Purwani Ruth Grace Monica , Bekti Heri Setiyo , Rinawati Luh Putu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Dengue Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) often causes plasma leakage which results in hemoconcentration which is characterized by increased hematocrit levels. The aim of this research is to determine the description of hematocrit levels in dengue fever patients using descriptive research methods. Data was taken by examining the hematocrit levels of inpatients in the Mangusada Regional Hospital laboratory. The sampling technique used was a saturated sampling technique and a sample size of 52 patients was obtained. The results showed that dengue fever patients had low hematocrit levels of 13.5%, normal 82.7% and high 3.8%. From these data it can be concluded that the majority of dengue fever patients have normal hematocrit levels.
Key words: hematocrit, Dengue hemorrhagic fever
ABSTRAK
Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) sering menimbulkan kebocoran plasma yang mengakibatkan terjadinya hemokonsentrasi yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar hematokrit. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kadar hematokrit pada pasien DBD dengan menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Data diambil dengan cara pemeriksaan kadar hematokrit pasien rawat inap di laboratorium Rumah Sakit Daerah Mangusada. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah teknik sampling jenuh dan didapatkan jumlah sampel sebanyak 52 pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien DBD yang memiliki kadar hematokrit rendah 13,5%, normal 82,7% dan tinggi 3,8 %. Dari data tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa mayoritas pasien DBD memiliki kadar hematokrit normal.
Kata kunci: hematokrit, demam berdarah dengue
UJI EKSTRAK BIJI BUAH PINANG (Areca catechu L) SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEWARNAAN TELUR NEMATODA USUS SOIL TRANSMITED HELMINTH
Authors: Muhammad Sultanaulya , Setiawan Muhmammad Azdar , Balaka Kemal Idris , Astuti Ayu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Worm infection or can be called worm disease, including infection problems called parasitic infections. Soil transmited helmits are intestinal worms that in their life cycle to reach the infective stage require soil. Eosin 2% is a dye used in examination of intestinal nematode worm eggs. Areca (Areca catechu L) which is a natural and acidic plant material contains phobapheen compounds which have natural red wine color. This research was conducted in an Experiment with Variations in the concentration of betel nut extract and aqudest ( 1%, 2%, 3%) using the direct method using eosin 2%.The results showed that the most stable and optimal concentration of betel nut extract 3% for coloring intestinal nematode worm eggs as an alternative to eosin dye 2%, was examined with different time variations. It can be said that the time variation in the examination of the sample does not affect the results of coloring using 1%, 2% and 3% betel nut seed extract.
Keywords: Worms, Intestinal Nematodes, Eosin, Areca Nut
ABSTRAK
Infeksi cacingan atau bisa disebut dengan penyakit cacingan termasuk kendala infeksi yang disebut dengan infeksi parasit. Soil transmited helmits adalah cacingan golongan Nematoda Usus yang dalam siklus hidupnya untuk mencapai stadium infektif memerlukan tanah. Eosin 2% merupakan zat warna yang digunakan pada pemeriksaan telur cacing Nematoda Usus. Buah pinang (Areca catechu L) yang merupakan bahan tanaman alami dan bersifat asam mengandung senyawa phobapheen yang memiliki zat warna alami yang berwarna merah anggur. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara Eksperimen dengan Variasi kosentrasi ekstrak biji pinang dan aqudest (1%, 2%, 3%) dengan menggunakan metode langsung dengan menggunakan eosin 2%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa konsentrasi ekstrak biji pinang 3% yang paling stabil dan optimal untuk mewarnai telur cacing nematoda usus sebagai alternatif pengganti pewarna eosin 2%, pada pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan variasi waktu berbeda. Hal ini dapat dikatakan bahwa variasi waktu pada pemeriksaan sampel tidak mempengaruhi hasil pewarnaan menggunakan ekstrak biji buah pinang 1%, 2% dan 3%.
Kata Kunci :Cacingan,Nematoda usus, Eosin, Buah Pinang.