bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined effect of metformin with ascorbic acid versus acetyl salicylic acid on diabetes-related cardiovascular complication; a 12-month single blind multicenter randomized control trial
Authors: Gillani Syed Wasif , Sulaiman Syed Azhar Syed , Abdul Mohi Iqbal Mohammad , Baig Mirza R. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background
We aimed to investigate the efficacy of ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid among type II diabetes mellitus patients using metformin (only) for diabetes management therapy.

Method
A 12-month single blinded multicenter randomized control trial was designed to investigate the measured variables [Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c), Renal function, Albumin Creatinine Ratio (ACR) etc.]. The trial was randomized into 2 experimental parallel arms (ascorbic acid vs acetylsalicylic acid) were blinded with study supplements in combination with metformin and findings were compared to control arm with metformin alone and blinded with placebo. Withdrawal criteria was defined to maintain the equity and balance in the participants in the whole trial.

Finding
Patients with metformin and ascorbic acid (parallel arm I) was twice more likely to reduce HbA1c than metformin alone (control arm) in a year (OR 2.31 (95% CI 1.87–4.42) p < 0.001). Also Parallel arm I was ten times more likely to reduced risk factors contributing to long-term diabetes complications than participants of arm II in a year (OR 10.38 (95% CI 6.91–15.77) p < 0.001). In contrast, parallel arm II patients were seven times more effective to reduce the risk of expected CVD development in 10 years than arm I (OR 7.54 (95% CI 3.76–10.32) p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The trial concluded that ascorbic acid with metformin is more effective against reducing risks for diabetes related long-term complications (including ACR).
TRIAL details Registration No: NTR-6100, Registry Name: Netherlands Trial Registry, URL: http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=6100, Date of Registration: 20th October, 2016, Date of first Enrollment: 1 November, 2015.
Vertical seismic profiling using double-beamforming processing of nonuniform anthropogenic seismic noise: The case study of Rittershoffen, Upper Rhine Graben, France
Authors: Lehujeur Maximilien , Vergne Jérôme , Maggi Alessia , Schmittbuhl Jean 
Published: August 2017

Correlating ambient seismic noise allows us to image the subsoil in various contexts and at different scales. Applying this technique to anthropogenic seismic noise can be challenging when the spatial distribution of the sources is not uniform. We have addressed the feasibility of exploiting this kind of noise in addition to microseismic noise to extend the reconstruction of Rayleigh-wave dispersion at periods between 0.2 and 1 s. We used data acquired with two small aperture arrays ([Formula: see text] stations with a 200 m helical distribution) deployed near the deep geothermal site of Rittershoffen (Alsace, France). In this region, the sparse human activity causes strong seismic noise, whose nonuniform spatial distribution limits our ability to determine the surface wave velocity between stations using the classical noise correlation technique at periods of less than 1 s. We have used double beamforming to isolate the noise sources that contribute constructively to the empirical Green’s function between the two arrays and recovered the Rayleigh-wave dispersion curve at periods less than 1 s. Using a probabilistic inversion, we found that such data, combined with surface wave measurements at periods greater than 1 s, are helpful to improve the reliability of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] profiles at depths down to the deep-geothermal reservoir (2.5 km). Such profiles are helpful in a geothermal context because they improve the location of induced seismic events, necessary for reservoir monitoring and risk assessment.
Premature deaths among individuals with severe mental illness after discharge from long-term hospitalisation in Japan: A naturalistic observation during a 24-year period
Authors: Kondo Shinsuke , Kumakura Yousuke , Kanehara Akiko , Nagato Daisuke , Ueda Taro , Matsuoka Tsuneo , Tao Yukiko , Kasai Kiyoto 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundPremature death in individuals with severe mental illness (SMI) in countries without nationally collected data, including Japan, is structurally underreported.AimsTo elucidate excess mortality among individuals with SMI in Japan.MethodWe retrospectively investigated all deaths among users of a non-clinical community-based mental health service provider in suburban Tokyo from 1992 to 2015.ResultsDuring the study period, 45 individuals died among 254 qualified registrants. Deaths were by natural causes in 33 cases (73.3%). The mean years of life lost was 22.2 years and the overall standard mortality ratio (SMR) was 3.28 (95% CI 2.40–4.39). The cause-specific SMR was 5.09 (95% CI 2.33–9.66) for cardiovascular disease and 7.38 (95% CI 2.40–17.22) for suicide.ConclusionsAlthough Japan leads the world in longevity, individuals with SMI suffer premature death and excess mortality due to physical conditions as well as suicide. Revealing this underreported disparity of life is the first step to improving physical care for individuals with SMI.
Risk Stratification for Major Postoperative Complications in Patients Undergoing Intra-abdominal General Surgery Using Latent Class Analysis
Authors: Kim Minjae , Wall Melanie M. , Li Guohua 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND:
Preoperative risk stratification is a critical element in assessing the risks and benefits of surgery. Prior work has demonstrated that intra-abdominal general surgery patients can be classified based on their comorbidities and risk factors using latent class analysis (LCA), a model-based clustering technique designed to find groups of patients that are similar with respect to characteristics entered into the model. Moreover, the latent risk classes were predictive of 30-day mortality. We evaluated the use of latent risk classes to predict the risk of major postoperative complications.

METHODS:
An observational, retrospective cohort of patients undergoing intra-abdominal general surgery in the 2005 to 2010 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program was obtained. Known preoperative comorbidity and risk factor data were entered into LCA models to identify the latent risk classes. Complications were defined as: acute kidney injury, acute respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, deep vein thrombosis, myocardial infarction, organ space infection, pneumonia, postoperative bleeding, pulmonary embolism, sepsis/septic shock, stroke, unplanned reintubation, and/or wound dehiscence. Relative risk regression determined the associations between the latent classes and the 30-day complication risks, with adjustments for the surgical procedure. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operator characteristic curve assessed model performance.

RESULTS:
LCA fit a 9-class model on 466,177 observations. The composite complication risk was 18.4% but varied from 7.7% in the lowest risk class to 56.7% in the highest risk class. After adjusting for procedure, the latent risk classes were significantly associated with complications, with risk ratios (95% confidence intervals) (compared to the class with the average risk) varying from 0.56 (0.54–0.58) in the lowest risk class to 2.15 (2.11–2.20) in the highest risk class, a 4-fold difference. In models incorporating surgical procedure, latent risk class, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status, the AUC for composite complications was 0.76 (0.76–0.76). However, for individual complications, there was heterogeneity in model performance using these variables, with AUCs ranging from 0.70 (0.69–0.71) for pulmonary embolus to 0.90 (0.90–0.90) for acute respiratory failure.

CONCLUSIONS:
LCA can be used to classify patients undergoing intra-abdominal general surgery based on preoperative risk factors, and the classes are independently associated with postoperative complications. However, model performance is not uniform across individual complications, resulting in variations in the utility of preoperative risk stratification tools depending on the complication evaluated.
Use of Post‐Acute Facility Care in Children Hospitalized With Acute Respiratory Illness
Authors: Berry Jay G. , Wilson Karen M. , Dumas Helene , Simpser Edwin , O'Brien Jane , Whitford Kathleen , May Rachna , Mittal Vineeta , Murphy Nancy , Steinhorn David , Agrawal Rishi , Rehm Kris , Marks Michelle , Traul Christine , Dribbon Michael , Haines Christopher J. , Hall Matt 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUNDRecovery from respiratory illness (RI), a common reason for hospitalization, can be protracted for some children because of high illness severity or underlying medical complexity.OBJECTIVEWe assessed which children hospitalized with RI are the most likely to use post‐acute facility care (PAC) for recovery.METHODSRetrospective analysis of 609,800 hospitalizations for patients in 43 US children's hospitals between 2010‐2015 for RI, identified with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Clinical Classification System. Discharge to PAC was identified using Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Discharge Status Codes. We compared patient characteristics by PAC use with generalized estimating equations.RESULTSThere were 2660 (0.4%) RI hospitalizations resulting in PAC transfer (n = 2660, 0.4%). Discharges to PAC had greater percentages of technology assistance (83.2% vs 15.1%), neuromuscular chronic condition (57.5% vs 8.9%), and mechanical ventilation (52.7% vs 9.1%), P < 0.001 for all. The highest likelihood of PAC use occurred with ≥11 vs no chronic conditions (odds ratio [OR] 11.7 [95% CI, 8.0‐17.2]), ≥9 vs no therapeutic medication classes (OR 4.8 [95% CI, 1.8‐13.0]), and existing tracheostomy (OR 3.0, 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.6‐3.5). Median (interquartile range [IQR]) acute‐care length of stay (LOS) for children most likely to use PAC was 19 (8‐56) days; LOS remained long (median 13 [6‐41] days) for children with the same attributes (n = 9448) not transferred to PAC.CONCLUSIONSChildren with RI who are most likely to use PAC have a high prevalence of multiple chronic conditions, multiple medications, and medical technology. Future investigations should assess the supply of PAC against the demand of hospitalized children with RI who might need it.
PEMODELAN REGRESI BERGANDA DAN GEOGRAPHICALLY WEIGHTED REGRESSION PADA TINGKAT PENGANGGURAN TERBUKA DI JAWA TENGAH
Authors: Utami Tiani Wahyu , Rohman Abdul , Prahutama Alan 
Published: August 2017

The problems in employment was the growing number of Open Unemployment Rate (OUR). The open unemployment rate is a number that indicates the number of unemployed to the 100 residents are included in the labor force. The purpose of this study is mapping the data OUR in Central Java and the suspect and identify linkages between factors that cause OUR in the District / City of Central Java in 2014. Factors that allegedly include population density (X1), Inflation (X2), the GDP value (X3), UMR Value (X4), the percentage of GDP growth rate (X5), Hope of the old school (X6), the percentage of the labor force by age (X7) and the percentage of employment (X8). Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) is a method for modeling the response of the predictor variables, by including elements of the area (spatial) into the point-based model. This research resulted in the conclusion that the OLS regression models have poor performance because the residual variance is not homogeneous. There were no significant differences between GWR models with OLS model or in other words generally predictor variables did not affect the response variable (rate of unemployment in Central Java) spatially. However, GWR model could captured modelling in each region. Keywords: multiple linear regression, geographiically weighted regression, open unemployement rate in Central Java.
PEMODELAN REGRESI NONPARAMETRIK MENGGUNAKAN PENDEKATAN POLINOMIAL LOKAL PADA BEBAN LISTRIK DI KOTA SEMARANG
Authors: Suparti Suparti , Prahutama Alan 
Published: August 2017

Semarang is the provincial capital of Central Java, with infrastructure and economic’s growth was high. The phenomenon of power outages that occurred in Semarang, certainly disrupted economic development in Semarang. Large electrical energy consumed by industrial-scale consumers and households in the San Francisco area, monitored or recorded automatically and presented into a historical data load power consumption. Therefore, this study modeling the load power consumption at a time when not influenced by the use of electrical load (t-1)-th. Modeling using nonparametric regression approach with Local polynomial. In this study, the kernel used is a Gaussian kernel. In local polynomial modeling, determined optimum bandwidth. One of the optimum bandwidth determination using the Generalized Cross Validation (GCV). GCV values obtained amounted to 1425.726 with a minimum bandwidth of 394. Modelling generate local polynomial of order 2 with MSE value of 1408.672. Keywords: electrical load, local polinomial, gaussian kernel, GCV.
A generalized uniqueness theorem and the graded ideal structure of Steinberg algebras
Authors: Orloff Clark Lisa , Exel Ruy , Pardo Enrique 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Given an ample, Hausdorff groupoid

𝒢

{\mathcal{G}}

, and a unital commutative ring R, we consider the
Steinberg algebra

A
R

⁢

(
𝒢
)

{A_{R}(\mathcal{G})}

. First we prove a uniqueness theorem for this algebra and then, when

𝒢

{\mathcal{G}}

is graded by a cocycle, we study
graded ideals in

A
R

⁢

(
𝒢
)

{A_{R}(\mathcal{G})}

. Applications are given for two classes of ample groupoids, namely those coming from
actions of groups on graphs, and also to groupoids defined in terms of Boolean dynamical systems.
Some results for complex partial q-difference equations in ℂn\mathbb{C}^{n}
Authors: Wang Yue 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Using the Nevanlinna theory of the value distribution of meromorphic functions, the value distribution of complex partial q-difference polynomials of meromorphic functions of zero order is investigated. The existence of meromorphic solutions of some types of systems of complex partial q-difference equations in

ℂ
n

{\mathbb{C}^{n}}

is also investigated.
Improvements and extensions of some results in the literature are presented.
Some examples show that our results are, in a certain sense, the best possible.
Projective flatness of a new class of (α,β)(\alpha,\beta)-metrics
Authors: Pişcoran Laurian-Ioan , Mishra Vishnu Narayan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In this paper we investigate a new

(
α
,
β
)

{(\alpha,\beta)}

-metric

F
=

β
+

a
⁢

α
2

+

β
2

α

{F=\beta+\frac{a\alpha^{2}+\beta^{2}}{\alpha}}

, where

α
=

a

i
⁢
j

⁢

y
i

⁢

y
j

{\alpha=\sqrt{{a_{ij}y^{i}y^{j}}}}

is a Riemannian metric;

β
=

b
i

⁢

y
i

{\beta=b_{i}y^{i}}

is a 1-form and

a
∈

(

1
4

,

+
∞

)

{a\in(\frac{1}{4},+\infty)}

is a real scalar. Also, we investigate the relationship between the geodesic coefficients of the metric F and the corresponding geodesic coefficients of the metric α.
Comparison of precise orbit determination methods of zero-difference kinematic, dynamic and reduced-dynamic of GRACE-A satellite using SHORDE software
Authors: Li Kai , Zhou Xuhua , Guo Nannan , Zhao Gang , Xu Kexin , Lei Weiwei 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Zero-difference kinematic, dynamic and reduced-dynamic precise orbit determination (POD) are three methods to obtain the precise orbits of Low Earth Orbit satellites (LEOs) by using the on-board GPS observations. Comparing the differences between those methods have great significance to establish the mathematical model and is usefull for us to select a suitable method to determine the orbit of the satellite. Based on the zero-difference GPS carrier-phase measurements, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory (SHAO) has improved the early version of SHORDE and then developed it as an integrated software system, which can perform the POD of LEOs by using the above three methods. In order to introduce the function of the software, we take the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) on-board GPS observations in January 2008 as example, then we compute the corresponding orbits of GRACE by using the SHORDE software. In order to evaluate the accuracy, we compare the orbits with the precise orbits provided by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The results show that: (1) If we use the dynamic POD method, and the force models are used to represent the non-conservative forces, the average accuracy of the GRACE orbit is 2.40cm, 3.91cm, 2.34cm and 5.17cm in radial (R), along-track (T), cross-track (N) and 3D directions respectively; If we use the accelerometer observation instead of non-conservative perturbation model, the average accuracy of the orbit is 1.82cm, 2.51cm, 3.48cm and 4.68cm in R, T, N and 3D directions respectively. The result shows that if we use accelerometer observation instead of the non-conservative perturbation model, the accuracy of orbit is better. (2) When we use the reduced-dynamic POD method to get the orbits, the average accuracy of the orbit is 0.80cm, 1.36cm, 2.38cm and 2.87cm in R, T, N and 3D directions respectively. This method is carried out by setting up the pseudo-stochastic pulses to absorb the errors of atmospheric drag and other perturbations. (3) If we use the kinematic POD method, the accuracy of the GRACE orbit is 2.92cm, 2.48cm, 2.76cm and 4.75cm in R, T, N and 3D directions respectively. In conclusion, it can be seen that the POD of GRACE satellite is practicable by using different strategies and methods. The orbit solution is well and stable, they all can obtain the GRACE orbits with centimeter-level precision.
Psychological Evaluations for the U.S. Army Biological Personnel Reliability Program
Authors: Salvatore Scott 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Given the inherent dangers associated with working in biodefense labs, coupled with the potential for insider threat, the Department of Defense and Federal Agencies are charged with determining the most suitable and reliable personnel for work in this high risk setting. A critical component to meeting this charge are Personnel Reliability Programs which aim to ensure the safety, security, and health of personnel who work with biological select agents and toxins. Behavioral health consultants can be an asset within an interdisciplinary approach for determining personnel suitability. The following perspective, on conducting psychological evaluations for the Army’s Biological Personnel Reliability Program, is intended to provide a framework for these complex exams along with highlighting relevant procedural, policy, and legal issues.
Innovation of Express Freight Product for Chinese Railways
Authors: Li Hongchang , Kuang Xujuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn early 2013, Ministry of Railways (MOR) is dismantled into administrative and business arms. To tackle with economic performance setbacks and huge financial debt, Chinese Railway Group Corporation (CRGC), who is in charge of business operations, determined to make product innovation for express freight so as to provide the market with value-added logistical services and increase its revenue. This paper aims to analyze the necessity and feasibility of developing innovative express product for CRGC. Under the condition of heavy accumulated debt pressure and continuous economic losses, it is imperative for Chinese railway to increase revenue through the introduction of novel express freight services. Based on complete transportation product theory, this paper summarizes the temporal-and-spatial characteristics of modern logistics, analyzes the prospect of supplying express freight services, and applies Express Freight Network Design Model to identify key factors for express freight product supply. In order to improve service quality of express freight product, it is necessary to optimize transportation organization, put forward market-oriented customized products, and improve informationization standard.
Designing the Optimal Extended Warranty Price with Indirect Network Effect
Authors: Tao Na , Zhang Sheng 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the situation of indirect network effect, this paper mainly studies the optimal extended warranty price. First, the characteristics of the extended warranty price are discussed. Next, the optimal extended warranty price model is advanced. From the model, the authors can draw that the influence factors mainly include the producer and consumers’ risk preferences, the incompatible degree of the producer’s maintenance technology, the extended warranty period, the producer and consumers’ per-occasion maintenance cost. Finally, the authors carry the simulation method to indicate their influence relation. The results have theoretical significance for the automobile producer to ensure the optimal extended warranty price.
Port Multi-Period Investment Optimization Model Based on Supply-Demand Matching
Authors: Zhao Guangtian , Wang Keyi , Yu Fangping , Kuang Haibo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWith China’s economic slowdown and port low-level repeated construction, China ports are facing the problem of overheated investment. In this paper, using the port supply-demand balance and comprehensive cost as the two main optimization goals, the ecological carrying capacity and the port profit-loss as the constraints, the port multi-period investment decision optimization model is built up by means of dynamic programming. Sustainable development ability about port supply-demand matching and ecological carrying capacity are considered into the decision-making model, which is used to solve the existing literature disadvantage of port investment planning decision based on operation efficiency and benefit. It helps to prevent the port resources waste and ecological environment destruction, and has the reality instruction significance.
Bromate anion reduction: novel autocatalytic (EC″) mechanism of electrochemical processes. Its implication for redox flow batteries of high energy and power densities
Authors: Vorotyntsev Mikhail A. , Antipov Anatoly E. , Konev Dmıtry V. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recent theoretical studies of the bromate electroreduction from strongly acidic solution have been overviewed in view of very high redox-charge and energy densities of this process making it attractive for electric energy sources. Keeping in mind non-electroactivity of the bromate ion the possibility to ensure its rapid transformation via a redox-mediator cycle (EC′ mechanism) is analyzed. Alternative route via the bromine/bromide redox couple and the comproportionation reaction inside the solution phase is considered within the framework of several theoretical approaches based on the conventional Nernst layer model, or on its recently proposed advanced version (Generalized Nernst layer model), on the convective diffusion transport equations. This analysis has revealed that this process corresponds to a novel (EC″) electrochemical mechanism since the transformation of the principal oxidant (bromate) is carried out via autocatalytic redox cycle where the bromate consumption leads to progressive accumulation of the bromine/bromide redox couple catalyzing the process. As a result, even a tracer amount of its component, bromine, in the bulk solution leads under certain conditions to extremely high current densities which may even overcome the diffusion-limited one for bromate, i.e. be well over 1 A/cm2 for concentrated bromate solutions. This analysis allows one to expect that the hydrogen–bromate flow battery may generate very high values of both the current density and specific electric power, over 1 A/cm2 and 1 W/cm2.