bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Professor ZHU Zunquan - 1919-2012
Authors: Baskevitch N 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
“I do hope that in another twenty years, 2028, CORESTA would meet in China again and I certainly would be here in welcoming you”, said 89-year-old Professor ZHU Zunquan, at the 2008 CORESTA Congress, where he received an enthusiastic ovation for his sincere wish. It was very sad to hear the information that he died on July 16, his magnetic voice is still lively in my mind.
I have met Professor ZHU so many times since my first visit to the Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute in 1984. Having worked in CORESTA and as a consultant in China for many years, I knew that he had been actively pushing the China tobacco industry to play roles in international tobacco research organisations. In 1988, the CORESTA Congress was held in Guangzhou due to his unremitting efforts, this was the first CORESTA Congress ever held in China. He made an invited report and became a member of the Scientific Commission from 1988 to 1990. In 2008, he received the award of the CORESTA Prize at the age of 89, acknowledging his life-long work in tobacco science. During the congress, he made an impressive report “Leaf Tobacco Production in China: Past, Present, and Perspective”.
Over the years he has been truly my teacher about tobacco in China and not only tobacco. Without his inspiration, I would never have enjoyed the successes that China has brought me in my professional career. Professor ZHU was well known as the expert in tobacco agronomy and cigarette manufacturing technology. He devoted himself to the research work on reducing the harmful components and tar level of cigarettes. He put forward the concept “reducing tar level and hazard” in the early 1980s and switched it to “reducing hazard and tar level” in 2003, which guided and is still guiding the direction of Chinese style cigarette development. Also, he was the one, who developed the first Chinese low-tar blended cigarette. We shared the ideas about low-tar cigarette development. “Professor ZHU Zunquan's death was a big loss for Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC, a big loss for China tobacco industry, and a big loss for China engineering of science and technology”, said XIE Jianping, ZHU's student and the vice president of Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of CNTC.
Besides that, he has in fact helped me quite a lot in understanding Chinese culture and humour. I still remember, in May 1984, when we met for the first time, he told me the most important sentence that I had to remember in Chinese language: He showed me the wall and said: what is it? I said it's a “wall”, then he showed me his eye and said: what is it? I said it's an “eye”, then he showed me his knee and said: what is it? I said it's a “knee”. Good he said, now please repeat the 3 words together, and I said: Wo Ai Ni! Indeed this was the most important sentence in Chinese language, meaning “I love you”.
I will remember professor ZHU for the rest of my life.
Biomex Quad Helix
Authors: Bapat Shirish M. , Bhardwaj Preeti , Singh Atul , Parasher Nitesh , Goel Amit 
Published: November 2015

Introduction: Anterior deep bite with narrow maxillary arch is a most common clinical situation orthodontists have to deal with in Class I as well as Class II malocclusions.Objective: To present a modification of the quad helix appliance which incorporates acrylic anterior bite plane for simultaneous bite opening with maxillary expansion (Biomex Quad helix). Appliance design: The appliance is made of 0.036 inch stainless steel wire. The anterior bridge of the quad helix is modified by extending it anteriorly. The wire is soldered to the stainless steel bands on the maxillary first permanent molars. Acrylic anterior bite plane is added to this anterior extension keeping the anterior helices exposed. It combines advantages of a quad helix with that of anterior bite plane. Hence it can be useful for simultaneous bite opening with maxillary expansion, deprogramming, and relieving TMJ symptoms by unlocking the occlusion.Conclusion: Biomex Quad Helix is a versatile appliance which is simple in design, easy to fabricate, comfortable for the patient, and economical for the operator and the patient.
CYP2C19 and CES1 polymorphisms and efficacy of clopidogrel and aspirin dual antiplatelet therapy in patients with symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease
Authors: Hoh Brian L. , Gong Yan , McDonough Caitrin W. , Waters Michael F. , Royster Adrienne J. , Sheehan Tiffany O. , Burkley Ben , Langaee Taimour Y. , Mocco J , Zuckerman Scott L. , Mummareddy Nishit , Stephens Marcus L. , Ingram Christie , Shaffer Christian M. , Denny Joshua C. , Brilliant Murray H. , Kitchner Terrie E. , Linneman James G. , Roden Dan M. , Johnson Julie A. 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
Symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) has a high risk of recurrent stroke. Genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19 and CES1 are associated with adverse outcomes in cardiovascular patients, but have not been studied in ICAD. The authors studied CYP2C19 and CES1 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in symptomatic ICAD patients.

METHODS
Genotype testing for CYP2C19*2, *3, *8, *17 and CES1 G143E was performed on 188 adult symptomatic ICAD patients from 3 medical centers who were medically managed with clopidogrel and aspirin. Testing was performed prospectively at 1 center, and retrospectively from a DNA sample biorepository at 2 centers. Multiple logistic regression and Cox regression analysis were performed to assess the association of these SNPs with the primary endpoint, which was a composite of transient ischemic attack (TIA), stroke, myocardial infarction, or death within 12 months.

RESULTS
The primary endpoint occurred in 14.9% of the 188 cases. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the presence of the CYP2C19 loss of function (LOF) alleles *2, *3, and *8 in the medically managed patients was associated with lower odds of primary endpoint compared with wild-type homozygotes (odds ratio [OR] 0.13, 95% CI 0.03–0.62, p = 0.0101). Cox regression analysis demonstrated the CYP2C19 LOF carriers had a lower risk for the primary endpoint, with hazard ratio (HR) of 0.27 (95% CI 0.08–0.95), p = 0.041. A sensitivity analysis of a secondary composite endpoint of TIA, stroke, or death demonstrated a significant trend in multiple logistic regression analysis of CYP2C19 variants, with lower odds of secondary endpoint in patients carrying at least 1 LOF allele (*2, *3, *8) than in wild-type homozygotes (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.06–1.16, p = 0.078). Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the carriers of CYP2C19 LOF alleles had a lower risk forthe secondary composite endpoint (HR 0.22, 95% CI 0.05–1.04, p = 0.056).

CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study examining genetic variants and their effects in symptomatic ICAD. Variant alleles of CYP2C19 (*2, *3, *8) were associated with lower odds of the primary and secondary composite endpoints. However, the direction of the association was opposite of what is expected based on this SNP. This may reflect an incomplete understanding of this genetic variation and its effect in symptomatic ICAD and warrants further investigations.
Successful treatment of primary intracranial sarcoma with the ICE chemotherapy regimen and focal radiation in children
Authors: Lafay-Cousin Lucie , Lindzon Gillian , Taylor Michael D. , Hader Walter , Hawkins Cynthia , Nordal Robert , Laperriere Normand , Laughlin Suzanne , Bouffet Eric , Bartels Ute 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
Primary CNS sarcomas are very rare pediatric tumors with no defined standard of care.

METHODS
This study was a retrospective review of children diagnosed with a primary CNS sarcoma and treated at 2 Canadian tertiary care centers between 1995 and 2012. This report focuses on patients with cerebral hemispheric tumor location due to their specific clinical presentation.

RESULTS
Fourteen patients with nonmetastatic primary CNS sarcoma were identified; in 9 patients, tumors were located in the cerebral hemisphere and 7 of these patients presented with intratumoral hemorrhage. One infant who died of progressive disease postoperatively before receiving any adjuvant therapy was not included in this study. The final cohort therefore included 8 patients (4 males). Median patient age at diagnosis was 11.8 years (range 5.8–17 years). All tumors were located in the right hemisphere. Duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis was very short with a median of 2 days (range 3–7 days), except for 1 patient. Three (37.5%) patients had an underlying diagnosis of neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Gross-total resection was achieved in 5 patients. The dose of focal radiation therapy (RT) ranged between 54 Gy and 60 Gy. Concomitant etoposide was administered during RT. ICE (ifosfamide, carboplatin, etoposide) chemotherapy was administered prior to and after RT for a total of 6–8 cycles. Seven of the 8 patients were alive at a median time of 4.9 years (range 1.9–17.9 years) after treatment.

CONCLUSIONS
In this retrospective series, patients with primary CNS sarcomas located in the cerebral hemisphere most commonly presented with symptomatic acute intratumoral hemorrhage. Patients with NF1 were overrepresented. The combination of adjuvant ICE chemotherapy and focal RT provided encouraging outcomes.
Long-term follow-up for lumbar intrathecal baclofen catheters placed using the paraspinal subfascial technique
Authors: Thakur Saumitra K. , Rubin Benjamin A. , Harter David H. 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is a valuable therapeutic option for patients with spasticity and dystonia. The techniques that place an ITB pump catheter into the subcutaneous fat of a lumbar incision are well described. Because patients who require ITB often have low body fat content, they may be predisposed to catheter-related complications. The senior author used a novel technique to place the catheter in a paraspinal subfascial fashion, and the short-term results were previously published. That study demonstrated no development of hardware erosions, catheter migrations, or CSF leaks within an average follow-up of 5 months. This study followed up on those initial findings by looking at the long-term outcomes since this technique was introduced.

METHODS
Using the institutional review board-approved protocol, the electronic medical records were reviewed retrospectively for all patients who underwent paraspinal subfascial catheter placement by the senior author. Patients received follow-up with the surgeon at 2 weeks postoperatively and were followed routinely by their physiatrist thereafter.

RESULTS
Of the 43 patients identified as having undergone surgery by the senior author using the paraspinal subfascial technique between July 2010 and February 2014, 12 patients (27.9%) required reoperation. There were 5 patients (11.6%) who had complications related to the catheter or lumbar incision. No hardware erosions or CSF leaks were identified. These patients received a median follow-up of 3.0 years, with 30 of 43 patients receiving follow-up over 2.0 years.

CONCLUSION
This follow-up study suggests that the technique of paraspinal subfascial catheter placement translates to long-term decreases in CSF leakage and complications from erosion, infection, and also catheter malfunctions. It does not seem to affect the overall rate of complications.
Natural and surgical history of Chiari malformation Type I in the pediatric population
Authors: Pomeraniec I. Jonathan , Ksendzovsky Alexander , Awad Ahmed J. , Fezeu Francis , Jane John A. 
Published: November 2015

OBJECT
The natural and surgical history of Chiari malformation Type I (CM-I) in pediatric patients is currently not well described. In this study the authors discuss the clinical and radiological presentation and outcomes in a large cohort of pediatric CM-I patients treated with either conservative or surgical management.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed 95 cases involving pediatric patients with CM-I who presented between 2004 and 2013. The patients ranged in age from 9 months to 18 years (mean 8 years) at presentation. The cohort was evenly split between the sexes. Twenty-five patients underwent posterior fossa decompression (PFD) with either dural splitting or duraplasty. Seventy patients were managed without surgery. Patients were followed radiologically (mean 44.8 months, range 1.2–196.6 months) and clinically (mean 66.3 months, range 1.2–106.5 months).

RESULTS
Seventy patients were treated conservatively and followed with serial outpatient neurological and radiological examinations, whereas 25 patients were treated with PFD. Of these 25 surgical patients, 11 were treated with duraplasty (complete dural opening) and 14 were treated with a dura-splitting technique (incomplete dural opening). Surgical intervention was associated with better clinical resolution of symptoms and radiological resolution of tonsillar ectopia and syringomyelia (p = 0.0392). Over the course of follow-up, 20 (41.7%) of 48 nonsurgical patients who were symptomatic at presentation experienced improvement in symptoms and 18 (75%) of 24 symptomatic surgical patients showed clinical improvement (p = 0.0117). There was no statistically significant difference in resolution of symptoms between duraplasty and dura-splitting techniques (p = 0.3572) or between patients who underwent tonsillectomy and tonsillopexy (p = 0.1667). Neither of the 2 patients in the conservative group with syrinx at presentation showed radiological evidence of resolution of the syrinx, whereas 14 (87.5%) of 16 patients treated with surgery showed improvement or complete resolution of syringomyelia (p = 0.0392). In the nonsurgical cohort, 3 patients (4.3%) developed new or increased syrinx.

CONCLUSIONS
The overwhelming majority of CM-I patients (92.9%) managed conservatively do not experience clinical or radiological progression, and a sizeable minority (41.7%) of those who present with symptoms improve. However, appropriately selected symptomatic patients (sleep apnea and dysphagia) and those presenting with syringomyelia should be considered surgical candidates because of the high rates of clinical (75%) and radiological improvement (87.5%).
Outcome of a New Acrylic Intraocular Lens Implantation in Pediatric Cataract
Authors: Sukhija Jaspreet , Kaur Savleen , Ram Jagat 
Published: November 2015

Purpose:
To study the outcome of Hoya Clear Preloaded intraocular lens (IOL) (PC 60AD, AF Series; Hoya, Tokyo, Japan) implantation in children.

Methods:
Children who underwent phacoaspiration with primary posterior capsulotomy, anterior vitrectomy, and primary IOL implantation through a 2.8-mm incision were observed prospectively. In all cases, attempts were made to implant the IOL into the capsular bag. Parameters noted were ease of implantation, synechiae formation, IOL deposits, decentration of IOL, visual axis obscuration, haptic compression, and ovalling of the rhexis. Intraoperative complications related to the IOL were also recorded.

Results:
This series comprised 58 eyes of 38 patients with congenital/developmental cataract who underwent implantation of the Hoya IOL. Mean age of the patients was 3.27 ± 2.69 years (range: 3 months to 8 years) and mean follow-up was 24.5 ± 9.13 months. Visual axis obscuration occurred in 4 eyes, posterior synechiae in 5 eyes, IOL deposits in 6 eyes, haptic compression in 3 eyes, and IOL decentration in 1 eye.

Conclusions:
The data suggest that implantation of the Hoya IOL is a safe option in children undergoing cataract surgery.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2015;52(6):371–376.]
Indocyanine Green-Enhanced Transpupillary Thermotherapy for Retinoblastoma: Analysis of 42 Tumors
Authors: Hasanreisoglu Murat , Saktanasate Jarin , Schwendeman Rachel , Shields Jerry A. , Shields Carol L. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy of indocyanine green-enhanced transpupillary thermotherapy (ICG-TTT) for retinoblastoma that shows suboptimal response to conventional treatments.

Methods:
A single center, retrospective chart review. The technique involved ICG infusion (range: 0.3 to 0.5 mg/kg) 1 minute prior to applying TTT using the indirect ophthalmoscope technique with a spot size of 1.2 mm.

Results:
There were 42 retinoblastomas in 30 eyes of 21 patients treated with ICG-TTT. The reasons for ICG enhancement included suboptimal response to standard TTT (n = 31, 74%), recurrence after standard TTT (n = 3, 7%), or minimally pigmented fundus with poor standard TTT uptake (n = 8, 19%). The mean patient age at treatment was 12 months (median: 11.6 months, range: 3 to 31 months). The mean tumor base was 3.5 mm (median: 3 mm), mean tumor thickness was 2.5 mm (median; 2 mm), mean distance to the foveola was 2.6 mm (median: 3 mm), and mean distance to the optic disc was 2.2 mm (median: 0.75 mm). Treatment parameters included a spot size of 1.2 mm, mean power of 760 mW (median: 800 mW, range: 400 to 1,200 mW), and mean duration of 4 minutes (median: 4 minutes, range: 0.5 to 14 minutes). Following a median of 2 sessions (range: 1 to 5 sessions) of ICG-TTT, 33 (79%) tumors demonstrated complete regression. The mean tumor thickness postoperatively was 1.7 mm. Two (5%) tumors showed minimal regression after ICG-TTT. During a mean follow-up of 46 months (median: 33 months), tumor recurrence after ICG-TTT developed in 7 (17%) cases at a mean interval of 7 months. Local complications of ICG-TTT included focal paraxial cataract (n = 2, 7%), iris atrophy (n = 1, 3%), and transient retinal hemorrhage (n = 2, 7%). Systemic problems included ICG allergy (n = 1, 5%). Overall, tumor control and globe salvage was achieved in all 30 (100%) eyes. There were no metastatic events.

Conclusions:
ICG-TTT is an effective alternative for reti-noblastoma control, particularly for small tumors that show suboptimal response to standard TTT.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2015;52(6):348–354.]
Landscape of Tumor Antigens in T Cell Immunotherapy
Authors: Ilyas Sadia , Yang James C. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving field that exploits T cell responses to tumor-associated Ags to induce tumor rejection. Molecular identification of tumor rejection Ags has helped define several classes of Ags, including tissue differentiation and tumor germline Ags. The ability to genetically engineer Ag-specific receptors into T cells provides an opportunity to translate these findings into therapies. New immunotherapy agents, notably checkpoint inhibitors, have demonstrated unprecedented efficacy in certain cancers. However, the nature of the Ags driving those beneficial immune responses remains unclear. New evidence suggests that tumors express immunogenic, tumor-specific epitopes generated from the same mutations that drive cancer development. Correlations between cancer types responding to immunotherapies and the frequency of somatic mutations may clarify what drives natural antitumor immune responses. This fusion of tumor immunology and genetics is leading to new ways to target this class of ideal tumor-specific Ags and could allow the application of immunotherapy to many cancers.
Postsecular democracy and the reign of God: Reading Habermas and Moltmann in South Africa
Authors: Bentley Wessel 
Published: November 2015

Governed by a liberal constitution, the South African democratic project is progressively finding its own identity. Being a democracy in Africa has unique challenges, as this system of governance needs to be contextualised by integrating African culture, history and memory into a political model which will promote sustainable participatory citizenship. This article engages, from a South African perspective, Habermas’ model of a postsecular democracy and Moltmann’s understanding of ‘Reich Gottes’ in Ethics of Hope. This article proposes an integrated relationship between responsible citizenship (Habermas’ postsecular democracy) and a Christian social conscience (Moltmann’s ‘Reign of God’)1for the South African context.Postsekulêre demokrasie en die koninkryk van God: in gesprek met Habermas en Moltmann vanuit ’n Suid-Afrikaanse perspektief. Die Suid-Afrikaanse demokrasie wat gegrond is op ’n liberale grondwet, is geleidelik besig om ’n eie identiteit te vind. Demokrasie in Afrika ervaar unieke uitdagings en moet derhalwe gekontekstualiseer word deur die Afrikakultuur, geskiedenis en geheue in ’n politieke model te inkorporeer wat beoog om houdbare en deelnemende burgerskap te bevorder. Hierdie artikel tree vanuit ’n Suid Afrikaanse perspektief in gesprek met Habermas se model oor postsekulêre demokrasie sowel as met Moltmann se verstaan van ‘Reich Gottes’ in Ethics of Hope. ’n Geïntegreerde verhouding tussen verantwoordelike burgerskap (Habermas se postsekulêre demokrasie) en ’n Christelike sosiale gewete (Moltmann se ‘Koninkryk van God‘) binne die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks word derhalwe deur hierdie artikel ondersteun.
Cervical vertebral anomalies in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Ray Saugat , Datana Sanjeev , Jayan Balakrishnan , Jain Amit 
Published: November 2015

Objective
The aim of this study was to find an association between the patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and with cervical vertebral anomalies and any further correlation between various anomalies with varying severities of OSA.

Materials and Methods
The sample consisted lateral cephalograms of 70 subjects who were diagnosed with OSA and 70 other orthodontic patients who were selected as a control group. The lateral radiographs of both cases and controls were traced and findings were recorded.

Results
In total, 21.42% of subjects in the OSA group and 8.57% in the control group were affected with cervical vertebrae anomalies. The statistical analysis reveals that the number of subjects affected with cervical vertebrae anomalies in OSA group is highly significant. A number of cases of fusion were higher than posterior arch deficiency in OSA group and equal in the control group. However, in both the groups, the number of cases with two vertebrae fusion was higher. Further, the higher number of two vertebrae fusion cases in OSA group was found to be statistically significant. The findings of one-way ANOVA for OSA cases reveals the number of cases affected with cervical vertebrae anomalies were statistically highly significant (P < 0.01) in severe cases of OSA.

Conclusion
Patients of cervical vertebral anomalies may be at higher risk of developing OSA, and the possibility of the presence of cervical vertebral anomalies may increase with the increase in the severity of OSA. The most common vertebral anomaly was found to be two vertebral fusions.
Sistema de información geográfica aplicada en el Alcázar de Sevilla
Authors: De Alba Romero Margarita , Jiménez Alejandro , Tabales Rodríguez Miguel Ángel 
Published: November 2015

<p>Since 1997 we have been developing an intense archaeological research in the whole of the Alcazar of Seville and the results have been embodied in numerous publications. To manage so much information is necessary an intuitive tool able to manage, organize and disseminate the data generated in successive archaeological campaigns. For this purpose we used a geographic information system which combine the resulting documentation of both the archaeological interventions and the building as a whole which can be accessed through a selection of attributes that range from general to specific, so link the graphic reality to the written translating the results of scientific research dissemination and outreach and making it available to anyone who wants to approach the building from any area of knowledge.</p>