bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface pressure distribution on patterned cylinders under simulated atmospheric boundary layer winds
Authors: Ferreira Larissa M. , Amirinia Gholamreza , Jung Sungmoon 
Published: July 2017

SummaryExtensive research has been previously conducted on pressure distribution of cylindrical models under uniform and laminar flow conditions. However, typical civil structures such as high‐rise buildings or towers are under the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) conditions. Knowing this, the present research aims to quantify the effectiveness of surface patterns in reducing the suction zone under a simulated ABL condition. Two different surface patterns, U‐grooved and V‐grooved, were selected to be tested in wind tunnel. In addition to patterned cylinders, tests were also conducted on a smooth‐surfaced cylinder, serving as the control of the experiment. An array of roughness elements was placed at the upstream end of the test section with the purpose of inducing ABL winds within the test section. Without the ABL wind, the cylinder covered in V‐grooved riblets was most effective in reducing the suction zone followed by the U‐grooved cylinder. With the simulated ABL condition, V‐grooved cylinder continued to show decreased suction although the amount of decrease was less. Both grooved cylinders showed decreased peak pressure coefficients under the ABL condition compared to the non‐ABL condition.
Single‐Handed Helical Carbonaceous Nanotubes: Preparation, Optical Activity, and Applications
Authors: Li Yi , Yang Yonggang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCarbon‐based nanomaterials have been widely studied in the past decade. Three approaches have been developed for the preparation of single‐handed helical carbonaceous nanotubes. The first approach uses the carbonization of organopolymeric nanotubes, where the organic polymers are polypyrrole, 3‐aminophenol‐formaldehyde resin, and m‐diaminobenzene‐formaldehyde resin. The second approach uses the carbonization of aromatic ring‐bridged polybissilsesquioxane followed by the removal of silica. Micropores exist within the walls of the carbonaceous nanotubes. The third approach uses the carbonization of organic compounds within silica nanotubes. This hard‐templating approach drives the formation of helical carbonaceous nanotubes containing twisted carbonaceous nanoribbons. All of these helical carbonaceous nanotubes exhibit optical activity, which is believed to originate from the chiral π‐π stacking of aromatic rings. They can be used as chirality inducers, and for lithium‐ion storage.
Obsessive-compulsive disorder in the elderly: A report from the International College of Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders (ICOCS)
Authors: Dell’Osso B. , Benatti B. , Rodriguez C.I. , Arici C. , Palazzo C. , Altamura A.C. , Hollander E. , Fineberg N. , Stein D.J. , Nicolini H. , Lanzagorta N. , Marazziti D. , Pallanti S. , Van Ameringen M. , Lochner C. , Karamustafalioglu O. , Hranov L. , Figee M. , Drummond L. , Grant J. , Denys D. , Cath D. , Menchon J.M. , Zohar J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroduction:Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a highly disabling condition, with frequent early onset. Adult/adolescent OCD has been extensively investigated, but little is known about prevalence and clinical characterization of geriatric patients with OCD (G-OCD = 65 years). The present study aimed to assess prevalence of G-OCD and associated socio-demographic and clinical correlates in a large international sample.Methods:Data from 416 outpatients, participating in the ICOCS network, were assessed and categorized into 2 groups, age < vs = 65 years, and then divided on the basis of the median age of the sample (age < vs = 42 years). Socio-demographic and clinical variables were compared between groups (Pearson Chi-squared andttests).Results:G-OCD compared with younger patients represented a significant minority of the sample (6% vs 94%,P< .001), showing a significantly later age at onset (29.4 ± 15.1 vs 18.7 ± 9.2 years,P< .001), a more frequent adult onset (75% vs 41.1%,P< .001) and a less frequent use of cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) (20.8% vs 41.8%,P< .05). Female gender was more represented in G-OCD patients, though not at a statistically significant level (75% vs 56.4%,P= .07). When the whole sample was divided on the basis of the median age, previous results were confirmed for older patients, including a significantly higher presence of women (52.1% vs 63.1%,P< .05).Conclusions:G-OCD compared with younger patients represented a small minority of the sample and showed later age at onset, more frequent adult onset and lower CBT use. Age at onset may influence course and overall management of OCD, with additional investigation needed.
The Importance of Ethics in Branding: Mediating Effects of Ethical Branding on Company Reputation and Brand Loyalty
Authors: Syed Alwi Sharifah Faridah , Muhammad Ali Sulaiman , Nguyen Bang 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT:This study aims to develop an ethical branding framework that determines whether a corporate brand’s functional and emotional values, that is, product, service quality, and perceived price (antecedents), influence ethical branding and, consequently, company reputation and brand loyalty (consequences) among industrial buyers of electronic office equipment in Malaysia. Using structural equation modelling, the article demonstrates the effects of perceived price, quality of product and service on ethical branding, company reputation, and brand loyalty. The results reveal that product quality directly influences ethical brand perceptions and, consequently, company reputation. Perceived price and service quality do not directly affect company reputation; instead, they affect its identification through ethical branding. The findings thus demonstrate that product quality, perceived price, and service quality affect company reputation through the mediation of ethical branding. This highlights that an ethical brand is effective for companies to maintain their reputation among industrial buyers.
Glasgow encounters with tropical diseases
Authors: COX FRANCIS E. G. 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYThe period 1875–1925 was remarkable in the history of parasitology mainly for the elucidation of the life cycles of parasites causing important parasitic diseases and the incrimination of vectors in their transmission. These discoveries were made by a small number of scientists working in the tropics a number of whom were Scots. Sir Patrick Manson, the discoverer of the mosquito transmission of filarial worms, was instrumental in directly or indirectly encouraging other Scots including Douglas Argyll-Robertson, David Blacklock, David Bruce, David Cunningham, Robert Leiper, William Leishman, George Low, Muriel Robertson and Ronald Ross, who all made significant discoveries across a wide spectrum of tropical diseases. Among these, William Leishman, Robert Leiper and Muriel Robertson were all graduates of the University of Glasgow and their achievements in the fields of leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis, dracunculiasis and African sleeping sickness, together with subsequent developments in these fields, are the subjects of the ten papers in this Special Issue of Parasitology.
THE ROLE OF L1 PHONOLOGY IN L2 MORPHOLOGICAL PRODUCTION
Authors: Cabrelli Amaro Jennifer , Campos-Dintrans Gonzalo , Rothman Jason 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study considers the role of L1 phonological influence in L2 English past tense morphology production by native speakers of Spanish, Mandarin, and Japanese. While these L1s share similar phonological restrictions on consonant cluster formation needed for English past tense morphology, differences arise in L1 syntax (only Mandarin lacks syntactic past) and L1 prosodic structure (only Japanese has English-equivalent structure). Aggregate analyses indicate that an L1 English control group outperforms all L2 groups in oral suppliance of past tense morphology. Results therefore reveal that having the syntactic feature for past in the L1 does not translate into targetlike performance and that L1 phonological restrictions alone cannot fully explain nontargetlike performance. Considering previous and the current data sets, we argue that evidence from production of L2 English past tense cannot be used to adjudicate between representational deficit approaches and full access approaches, contrary to what has been argued previously.
Mechanisms underlying neuro-inflammation and neurodevelopmental toxicity in the mouse neocortex following prenatal exposure to ethanol
Authors: Komada Munekazu , Hara Nao , Kawachi Satoko , Kawachi Kota , Kagawa Nao , Nagao Tetsuji , Ikeda Yayoi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) constitute a wide range of disorders that arise from prenatal exposure to ethanol (EtOH). However, detailed reports regarding the adverse effects of prenatal EtOH exposure on neocortical morphology and its underlying pathogenic mechanisms are limited. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the anatomical abnormalities of neocortical development and their correlation with microglial properties and neuro-inflammation in a mouse model of FASD. We evaluated the development and maturation of the neocortex in ICR mice prenatally exposed to 25% (w/v) EtOH using histological and molecular analyses. Reduced proliferation and excessive cell death were observed in the dorsal telencephalon. Abnormal neuronal distribution, layer formation, and dopaminergic neuronal projections were observed in the neocortex. Disruption of microglial differentiation (M1/M2 microglial ratio) and abnormal expression of pro-inflammatory and neurotrophic factors were induced, and these abnormalities were ameliorated by co-treatment with an anti-inflammatory drug (pioglitazone). FASD model mice displayed histological abnormalities, microglial abnormalities, and neuro-inflammation in both the embryonic and newborn stages. Thus, anti-inflammatory therapeutics may provide a novel preventive approach for the treatment of FASD.
CTCF binding landscape in jawless fish with reference to Hox cluster evolution
Authors: Kadota Mitsutaka , Hara Yuichiro , Tanaka Kaori , Takagi Wataru , Tanegashima Chiharu , Nishimura Osamu , Kuraku Shigehiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe nuclear protein CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) contributes as an insulator to chromatin organization in animal genomes. Currently, our knowledge of its binding property is confined mainly to mammals. In this study, we identified CTCF homologs in extant jawless fishes and performed ChIP-seq for the CTCF protein in the Arctic lamprey. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the lamprey lineage experienced gene duplication that gave rise to its unique paralog, designated CTCF2, which is independent from the previously recognized duplication between CTCF and CTCFL. The ChIP-seq analysis detected comparable numbers of CTCF binding sites between lamprey, chicken, and human, and revealed that the lamprey CTCF protein binds to the two-part motif, consisting of core and upstream motifs previously reported for mammals. These findings suggest that this mode of CTCF binding was established in the last common ancestor of extant vertebrates (more than 500 million years ago). We analyzed CTCF binding inside Hox clusters, which revealed a reinforcement of CTCF binding in the region spanning Hox1-4 genes that is unique to lamprey. Our study provides not only biological insights into the antiquity of CTCF-based epigenomic regulation known in mammals but also a technical basis for comparative epigenomic studies encompassing the whole taxon Vertebrata.
Map3k8 controls granulocyte colony-stimulating factor production and neutrophil precursor proliferation in lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis
Authors: Sánchez Ángela , Relaño Carlos , Carrasco Araceli , Contreras-Jurado Constanza , Martín-Duce Antonio , Aranda Ana , Alemany Susana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMap3k8 has been proposed as a useful target for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. We show here that during lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis, Map3k8 deficiency strongly impairs the increase in circulating mature (Ly6GhighCD11b+) and immature (Ly6GlowCD11b+) neutrophils. After chimaeric bone marrow (BM) transplantation into recipient Map3k8−/− mice, lipopolysaccharide treatment did not increase circulating Ly6GhighCD11b+ cells and strongly decreased circulating Ly6GlowCD11b+ cells. Lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice showed decreased production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), a key factor in neutrophil expansion, and a Map3k8 inhibitor blocked lipopolysaccharide-mediated G-CSF expression in endothelial cell lines. Ly6GlowCD11b+ BM cells from lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice displayed impaired expression of CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein β, which depends on G-CSF for expression and is crucial for cell cycle acceleration in this life-threatening condition. Accordingly, lipopolysaccharide-treated Map3k8−/− mice showed decreased Ly6GlowCD11b+ BM cell proliferation, as evidenced by a decrease in the percentage of the most immature precursors, which have the highest proliferation capacity among this cell population. Thus, Map3k8 expression by non-haematopoietic tissue is required for lipopolysaccharide-induced emergency granulopoiesis. The novel observation that inhibition of Map3k8 activity decreases neutrophilia during life-threatening systemic infection suggests a possible risk in the proposed use of Map3k8 blockade as an anti-inflammatory therapy.
Comparison of Fecal Microbial Composition and Antibiotic Resistance Genes from Swine, Farm Workers and the Surrounding Villagers
Authors: Sun Jian , Huang Ting , Chen Chong , Cao Ting-Ting , Cheng Ke , Liao Xiao-Ping , Liu Ya-Hong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe external environment plays a critical role in shaping the structure of the gut microbiome. One potential health threat lies in the release of antibiotic resistant genes (ARGs) from cross-contaminated microbiomes. We focused this study on a comparison of fecal microbial composition and antibiotic resistant genes between farm workers, local villagers and swine. We used a high-throughput next-generation sequencing of 16S rRNA and real-time PCR for these studies. Our results indicated that workers had less species diversity as compared to the local villagers. Moreover, the bacterial communities of the farm workers, the local villagers and swine feces were clearly divided into three groups. The workers had a greater abundance of Proteobacteria as compared to swine and the local villagers. The Clostridiaceae in the workers and swine were more abundant than the local villagers. In addition, there were ARG differences between the farm workers or local villager’s and swine feces. The farm workers and the local villagers had similar relative abundance except for macrolide ARGs. Taken together, these data suggest that the swine farm environment affects the fecal bacterial composition of swine farm workers. However, ARG spread was influenced by factors independent of the swine farm environment.
Role of visual and olfactory cues in sex recognition in butterfly Cethosia cyane cyane
Authors: Li Chengzhe , Wang Hua , Chen Xiaoming , Yao Jun , Shi Lei , Zhou Chengli 
Published: July 2017

AbstractButterflies use multiple signals, including visual, olfactory and tactile cues, to identify same- and opposite-sex individuals during courtship. In this study of the sexually dimorphic butterfly Cethosia cyane cyane, we explored the roles of visual and olfactory cues in conspecific mate recognition during courtship. Our results showed that males took the initiative in actively chasing females during courtship using only visual cues. Males could distinguish the gender of conspecifics using visual cues alone. The size and color of the wings differ significantly between the sexes. Behavioral assays showed that males visually recognized females not by wing size, but by their sexually specific wing color. The movement pattern of the model also exerted some influence on male courtship chasing behavior. A total of 21 volatiles were detected in the bodies of adults, but only cedrol played a role in the process of male recognition of females at close range. Therefore, males rely on both visual and olfactory cues to distinguish females during courtship. Visual cues play a major role in attracting males at the beginning of the courtship chase, while olfactory cues play a role in accurately identifying partners at close range.
Antidepressant effect of taurine in chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced depressive rats
Authors: Wu Gao-Feng , Ren Shuang , Tang Ri-Yi , Xu Chang , Zhou Jia-Qi , Lin Shu-Mei , Feng Ying , Yang Qun-Hui , Hu Jian-Min , Yang Jian-Cheng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDepression, a psychiatric and dysthymic disorder, severely affects the learning, work and life quality. The main pathogenesis of depression is associated with central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Taurine has been demonstrated to exert protective effects on the brain development and can improve learning ability and memory. Our study investigated the antidepressant-like effects of taurine pre-treatment by examining the changes in depression-like behavior, hormones, neurotransmitters, inflammatory factors and neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus of a chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depressive rat model. Taurine was found to inhibit the decrease of sucrose consumption and prevent the deficiency of spatial memory and anxiety in rats exposed to CUMS, suggesting a preventive effect of taurine on depression-like behavior. Furthermore, the decreased levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine, dopamine, noradrenaline; the increased levels of glutamate, corticosterone; and the decreased expressions of fibroblast growth factor-2, vascular endothelial growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor in depressive rats were hindered by taurine pre-administration. However, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β levels were not significantly changed by taurine. The results demonstrated that the anti-depressive effect of taurine may be involved in the regulation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and the promotion of neurogenesis, neuronal survival and growth in the hippocampus.
Measuring the Energy of Ventilation and Circulation during Human Walking using Induced Hypoxia
Authors: Horiuchi Masahiro , Fukuoka Yoshiyuki , Handa Yoko , Abe Daijiro , Pontzer Herman 
Published: July 2017

AbstractEnergy expenditure (EE) during walking includes energy costs to move and support the body and for respiration and circulation. We measured EE during walking under three different oxygen concentrations. Eleven healthy, young, male lowlanders walked on a treadmill at seven gait speeds (0.67–1.83 m s−1) on a level gradient under normobaric normoxia (room air, 21% O2), moderate hypoxia (15% O2), and severe hypoxia (11% O2). By comparing the hypoxia-induced elevation in heart rate (HR [bpm]), ventilation (VE [L min−1]) with the change in energy expenditure (EE [W]) at each speed, we were able to determine circulatory and respiratory costs. In a multivariate model combining HR and VE, respiratory costs were 0.44 ± 0.15 W per each L min−1 increase in VE, and circulatory costs were 0.24 ± 0.05 W per each bpm increase in HR (model adjusted r2 = 0.97, p < 0.001). These VE costs were substantially lower than previous studies that ignored the contribution of HR to cardiopulmonary work. Estimated HR costs were consistent with, although somewhat higher than, measures derived from catheterization studies. Cardiopulmonary costs accounted for 23% of resting EE, but less than 5% of net walking costs (i.e., with resting EE subtracted).
Circulating tumor cells in peripheral and pulmonary venous blood predict poor long-term survival in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Li Yunsong , Cheng Xu , Chen Zhong , Liu Yi , Liu Zhidong , Xu Shaofa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe tested the hypothesis that circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in preoperative peripheral blood (PPB) and intraoperative pulmonary venous blood (IPVB) could predict poor long-term survival in resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. CTCs were separated from blood using magnetic beads coated with antibodies against epithelial-cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) via magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). CTCs were quantified with fluorescence-labeled antibodies against pan-cytokeratin through flow cytometry. CTCs were quantified in PPB and IPVB in 23 consecutive stage I-IIIA patients with resected NSCLC. The association between CTCs and prognosis in these patients was evaluated after a 5-year follow-up. In NSCLC patients, outcomes were assessed according to CTC levels at surgery. NSCLC patients identified as high-risk groups exhibited >5 CTCs/15 mL in PPB and >50 CTCs/15 mL in IPVB. Univariate Cox proportional-hazards regression analysis showed that the CTC count in PPB or IPVB was an independent risk factor for tumor-free surivival (TFS) and overall survival (OS). The high-risk group of patients had a shorter median TFS (22 months vs. >60.0 months, p < 0.0012) and shorter OS (27 months vs. >60 months, p < 0.0015). The number of CTCs counted in PPB and IPVB was an independent risk factor for TFS and OS in resected NSCLC patients.
A Novel Highly Sensitive NO2 Sensor Based on Perovskite Na0.5+xBi0.5TiO3−δ Electrolyte
Authors: Xiao Yihong , Zhang Chufan , Zhang Xu , Cai Guohui , Zheng Yong , Zheng Ying , Zhong Fulan , Jiang Lilong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNOx is one of dangerous air pollutants, and the demands for reliable sensors to detect NOx are extremely urgent recently. Conventional fluorite-phase YSZ used for NOx sensor requires higher operating temperature to obtain desirable oxygen ion conductivity. In this work, perovskite-phase Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) oxygen conductor was chosen as the solid electrolyte to fabricate a novel highly sensitive NO2 sensor with CuO as the sensing electrode and Pt as reference electrode. Na dopped Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 greatly improved the sensing performance of this sensor. The optimal sensor based on Na0.51Bi0.50TiO3−δ exhibited good response-recovery characteristics to NO2 and the response current values were almost linear to NO2 concentrations in the range of 50–500 ppm at 400–600 °C. The response current value towards NO2 reached maximum 11.23 μA at 575 °C and the value on NO2 is much higher than other gases (CH4, C2H4, C3H6, C3H8, CO), indicating good selectivity for detecting NO2. The response signals of the sensor were slightly affected by coexistent O2 varying from 2 to 21 vol% at 575 °C. The response current value decreased only 4.9% over 2 months, exhibiting the potential application in motor vehicles.