bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Determinants of postnatal care non-utilization among women in adama district, East Shwoa Ethiopia a community-based unmatched case-control study
Authors: Belachwe Yohanes Abera , Seifu Befikad Assefa , Meka Beka Teressa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Maternal and neonatal mortality remain a significant problem across much of the developing world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa countries. In Ethiopia, most maternal and neonatal deaths occur during the postpartum period; this is a critical time for monitoring the health of women and newborns, but the most neglected period for care. In rural communities of Ethiopia, the utilization of postnatal care service is very low and evidence on which factors contribute to the non-utilization of postnatal care (PNC) is insufficient. Consequently, this study was designed to identify the determinants of postnatal service non-utilization among women who gave birth in Adam district, East central Ethiopia.
Methods
A community-based unmatched case-control study was conducted among 186 cases (postnatal care non-utilizers) and 186 controls (postnatal care utilizers) in Adama district from January 1 to February 10, 2024. A previously tested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed. In the final multivariable logistic regression analysis model, a p-value of less than 0.05 and an Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval was used to determine variables for postnatal care non-utilization.
Result
Educational status (no formal education) (AOR = 2.70; 95% CI: 1.23–1.75. Inadequate knowledge of post-natal (AOR = 4.6; 95% CI; 1.80–5.90). Having no ANC attended (AOR = 2.00; CI: 1.30–5.20).home delivery (AOR = 1.7; 95% CI: 1.40–4.50). And distance from the nearest health facility were independent determinants of postnatal non utilization
Conclusions
This study revealed that educational statues, home delivery, no ANC non-attendance, inadequate knowledge on post-natal care, home delivery found to be the determinants of PNC service non utilization. Therefore, encouraging ANC, institutional delivery, along with integrated and improving awareness on postnatal care services, will improve postnatal care service utilization in the districts of Ethiopia.
Effect of the Ventilator Care Bundle Occurrence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia among Pediatrics
Authors:   Hanaa Diab Khalfallah1,   Nahed Alquwez2,   Marwa Abd Elkreem Ibrahim3
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: In pediatric intensive care units (ICUs), ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is one of the most prevalent infections linked to healthcare. VAP affects 10% of children on mechanical ventilation and is linked to severe morbidity and mortality.
Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ventilator care bundle (VCB) on the occurrence of ventilator-associated pneumonia among pediatric patients.
Design: A pre posttest quasi experimental research design was utilized in the present study.
Setting: Thisstudy was conducted in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Cairo University Specialized Pediatric Hospital (CUSPH).
Sample: A convenience sample of 30 nurses and a purposive sample of 60 ventilated children in the PICU participated in the present study. Children were divided into two equal groups: 30 as a control group and 30 as a study group. Nurses were the same for the study and control groups. Tools: Data collection was performed through 1) structured interview sheet, 2) the Nurses' Knowledge Assessment Questionnaire (pre-posttest), 3) the Ventilator bundle checklist, and 4) the Clinical Pulmonary Infection Scale (CPIS). Results: More than two-fifths of the children on MV participated in the present study, and half of the children in the control group were aged 1 year to less than 3 years. Less than two-thirds of the studied children and more than half of the control group were females. Two-fifths and half the order of the children in both groups were ranked as the second and third children, respectively, within the family, while more than one-third of the children in both groups complained of shock. More than one-quarter of the children in both groups complained of disturbance consciousness. There were statistically significant differences detected between the total mean scores of nurses' knowledge and practice before/after the use of the ventilator care bundle (P < 0.01). There was a statistically significant difference between the total mean score on the CPIS between the study group and the control group (t= - 3.692, p= .001). Conclusion: The study concluded that children who were cared for by nurses receiving VCB sessions were less likely to experience VAP than were those in the control group. Recommendation: Educational programs and in-service training courses for pediatric nurses to increase the quality of ventilator care for children and its benefits for the occurrence of VAP are essential.
Suboptimal performance of ChatGPT Vision in mitral regurgitation assessment based on color Doppler echocardiography
Authors: Gao Yi-Peng , Liu Hong-Yun , Liu Ya-Ni , Bi Xiao-Jun , Cheng Xue-Qing , Fan Ya-Ting , Deng You-Bin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

ChatGPT (OpenAI) has introduced a vision version recently, indicating its potential application in interpreting radiological images. Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most common valvular heart abnormality, no study has attempted to evaluate the severity of MR using ChatGPT. In the present study, we aimed to explore the clinical potential of ChatGPT vision for MR assessment in transthoracic echocardiography. In this retrospective study, 293 color Doppler images, including 75 mild, 113 moderate, and 105 severe MR, were submitted to ChatGPT 4o with a prompt to assess the severity of MR. Each image was submitted 3 times to collect 3 answers to assess the consistency of ChatGPT’s responses with the first answer used for the confusion matrix and assessment of ChatGPT’s performance in predicting mild, moderate, and severe MR. ChatGPT 4o demonstrated relatively low performance with an overall accuracy of 45.4%. Prediction of moderate and severe MR achieved better performance, with a sensitivity of 62.8%, specificity of 47.2%, and balanced accuracy of 55.0% for moderate MR, and a sensitivity of 58.1%, specificity of 68.1%, and balanced accuracy of 63.1% for severe MR. While performance for mild MR was worse, with sensitivity of only 1.3%, although specificity of 97.7% and balanced accuracy of 49.5%. ChatGPT 4o showed potential but underperformed in assessment of MR severity. Further studies are needed to assess the vision capability of large language models as a potential tool for interpretation of radiology images.
Synergistic polar states by selective atomic gradients
Authors: Lee Daesu , Kim Sanghyeon , Han Gi-Jeong , Hwang Soo-Yoon , Noh Gahee , Kumari P. Karuna , Lee Kihwan , Kim Min Seop , Yoon Jiyong , Lee Jongseok , Park Se Young , Choi Si-Yong , Lee Gil-Ho 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Materials that combine distinct properties within a single phase are of fundamental and technological interest1–9. However, it is challenging to harmoniously combine various properties, particularly since some physical properties are inherently mutually exclusive10–12. The artificial integration of these mutually exclusive properties could lead to innovative physical phenomena and functionalities, unattainable from conventional approaches. This has recently motivated extensive studies to artificially create bulk polarity and integrate it with seemingly incompatible electronic and structural properties13–16. However, the scope of their applications and the derived functionalities remain largely limited. Here, we present a universal strategy to achieve strong bulk polarity that not only coexists with its originally incompatible properties, such as metallicity, but also synergistically enables exceptional functionalities. A combination of thin-film synthesis, atomic-scale imaging, and theoretical calculations reveals that A-site selective atomic gradients induce strong polar states in otherwise centrosymmetric perovskite oxides ABO3. These polar states unconventionally coexist with various preexisting properties, leading to bulk polar metallicity with tunable nonreciprocal transport, high-κ dielectricity with an equivalent oxide thickness below 0.1 nm, and giant pyroelectricity. This work will facilitate the development of new multifunctional materials with unusual coexisting and synergistic properties.
The Triple Burden of Coal Burning: Assessing its Effect on Animal Welfare, the Environment, and Human Health in Benadir Region, Somalia from a One Health Perspective
Authors: Mohamed Shafii Abdullahi , Mohamud Abdiaziz Idiris , Mohamed Yonis Abukar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Using coal as an energy source has significant implications for animal welfare, environment, and human health. The burning of coal has been associated with a triple burden that affects animal welfare, the environment, and human health. This study evaluates the specific effects of coal burning in Somalia using a one-health approach. The one-health approach recognizes the interconnectedness of these three domains and emphasizes the need for collaborative efforts to address the challenges posed by coal burning, highlighting the importance of adopting a holistic approach to mitigate associated risks. This study used a descriptive design. Quantitative data collection methods were also used in this study. Under a descriptive research design, the researcher used more of a survey that included self-administered questionnaires for respondents to ensure complete coverage of the study area and the study problem on the triple burden of coal burning, assessing its effect on animal welfare, the environment, and human health in Somalia from a single health perspective. The study sample consisted of 384 respondents. This study used structured questionnaires to capture quantitative data from residents of Deynile, Kahda, Karaan, Yaqshiid, Hiliwaa, and Dharkenley in the Benadir Region, Somalia. Microsoft Excel was used for analysis. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were used to summarize the data. Qualitative data were analyzed as they emerged from the study. The analyzed data were then presented as tables for easy interpretation. This study concluded that coal burning negatively affects the environment. In addition, the study concluded that coal burning affected animal welfare in Somalia and that the majority experienced health issues caused by coal burning. Furthermore, the study concluded that one health approach aimed to safeguard human and animal health sustainably. Overall, this study concluded that coal burning negatively affected animal welfare, the environment, and human health in Somalia from a single health perspective.
Developing a Novel Structural Brick by Combining Polyurethane and Composite Fibers
Authors: Sak Ömer Fatih , Demir Sermet , Şentürk Berat Gürcan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Composite materials, with their remarkable performance attributes, have emerged as pivotal components to increase energy efficiency. This work explores the utilization of polyurethane (PU) matrix composite materials as structural elements, with a focus on enhancing mechanical properties through fiber reinforcement. This research aims to investigate and develop lightweight structural materials designed to bear less load during earthquakes instead of conventional brick and reinforced concrete building systems. This study employs a systematic experimental approach, including the Taguchi experimental design methodology, to investigate the effects of glass, carbon, and basalt fibers on PU strength. The results provide insights into the mechanical behavior of fiber-reinforced PU composites, highlighting the factors influencing their compressive and bending strengths. In the compression tests, the glass fiber-reinforced PU samples presented the highest compressive strength of 2460.15 ± 326.2 N, closely followed by the basalt fiber-reinforced samples at 2490.21 ± 210.2 N. In contrast, the carbon fiber-reinforced samples presented a lower strength of 2055.05 ± 74.6 N. Similarly, in the bending tests, the glass fiber-reinforced samples presented superior performance, with a peak force of 108.25 ± 16.9 N, compared to that of the carbon fiber-reinforced samples at 62.45 ± 4.1 N. Further analyses utilizing ANOVA and S/N ratio assessments elucidate the impact of varying parameters on material properties, emphasizing the role of the fiber dimension and material type. This study highlights the potential of glass fiber reinforcement for optimizing mechanical performance, whereas carbon fibers present challenges in maintaining structural integrity during casting. Analytical investigations through finite element modeling (FEM) provide additional insights into the behavior of glass fiber composites under compression and bending loads. The simulation results demonstrate the potential of glass fiber clusters to increase rigidity and reduce displacement in PU matrices. Overall, this study contributes to advancing the understanding of the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced PU composites, offering valuable insights for optimizing material selection and fabrication processes in pursuit of energy-efficient structural solutions.
Assessment of land use and land cover changes on hydrological responses in the Wadi Soummam watershed, Algeria using the HEC–HMS model
Authors: Abdelkebir Brahim , Mokhtari Elhadj , Engel Bernard 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

This study aims to predict land use and land cover (LULC) changes for the years 2030 and 2050 using Markov models, and subsequently assess the impacts of these changes on water resources in the Wadi Soummam watershed, Algeria, employing the HEC–HMS model. The research compares five LULC maps (2005, 2015, 2020, 2030, and 2050) to identify variations over the years. The results indicate a notable increase in urbanization, accompanied by a reduction in agricultural and forested areas, leading to a decline in overall vegetation cover. Forests and grasslands experienced a consistent decrease between 2020 and 2050, while urban areas expanded. These LULC alterations have significant implications for the water resources in the study area. From 2030 to 2050, the average annual water yield witnessed an increase of 38.6 m3/s for the 10-year return period event and 70.8 m3/s for the 100-year return period event. Conversely, peak flows exhibited a decline for various return periods between 2005 and 2015, followed by an increase from 2015 to 2020 due to the impact of LULC changes. For instance, the peak flow for the 10-year return period in 2005 was 1651.1m3/s, which decreased to 1604.5 m3/s in 2015, but rose to 1632.8 m3/s in 2020.
AS CONDIÇÕES CLÍNICAS DE MULHERES COM DIABETES TIPO 2: AVALIANDO PARA PREVENIR AGRAVOS
Authors: Medeiros Mateus Marinho , Medeiros Lis Cardoso Marinho , Eulálio Kelsen Dantas , Silva Nayana Duarte da , Silva Jardeson José da Rocha , Silva Zenira Martins 
Published: September 2024

Introdução: O diabetes mellitus (DM) é uma doença metabólica caracterizada pelo controle inadequado dos níveis de glicose no sangue, principalmente um estado crônico de hiperglicemia, causado por diferentes processos patogênicos, levando a complicações do sistema nervoso do DM incluem axonopatias, doenças neurodegenerativas, doenças neurovasculares e comprometimento cognitivo geral. Objetivo: Avaliar as complicações clínicas da diabetes tipo 2 em mulheres. Metodologia: Tratou-se de um transversal, do tipo prevalência. Foram usados dois grupos de mulheres, onde todas as mulheres estavam com diagnóstico de diabetes Tipo 2 e idade de 40 e 60 anos, com o tratamento oral -G1 e com tratamento com insulinoterapia – G2, ambos fornecidos pela rede pública (SUS). Para comparação das variáveis estudadas foi utilizado o método de Mann-Whintney, adotando-se o nível de significância menor que 5% (p, valor ,0,05). Resultados: A proporção de pessoas com diabetes no Piauí, com consulta e hemoglobina glicada solicitada no primeiro quadrimestre de 2021, 2022, 2023, foi de 18, 16 e 34 percentuais, respectivamente e em Boa Hora nos mesmos quadrimestres foi 36, 39, 56 percentuais, respectivamente. Os procedimentos hospitalares do SUS - por local de residência - Piauí foi de um total de 1.193 e em Boa Hora 24. O grupo de mulheres estudadas mostrou uma diferença significativa para a glicemia em jejum e a Hemoglobina glicada quando comparados os grupos G1 e G2. Quase 100% da amostra estava obesa (IMC > 25), não fumava e não praticava atividade física. Conclusões: Concluiu-se que a as pacientes tiveram um agravamento do adoecimento ao longo dos anos com aumento de medicação. A ausência das boas práticas de promoção de saúde, atividade física e alimentação, podem ter contribuído com o agravamento. Outrossim há necessidade urgente de uma intervenção para mudança de hábitos na população para que a medicalização seja diminuída para a promoção da saúde.
Natural and Synthetic Capsaicin Analogues: A Comprehensive Review of Biological Effects and Synthetic Pathways
Authors: Gimenez Borges Lara , Nascimento de Oliveira Alves Thais , Vassiliades Sandra Valeria , Parise-Filho Roberto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract:
Capsaicin analogs, whether sourced from natural origins or synthesized de novo,
have garnered significant attention across diverse scientific disciplines. This comprehensive
investigation explores the expansive domain of medicinal chemistry and pharmacology,
focusing on capsaicin and its analogs. Notably, these analogs exhibit a wideranging
pharmacological spectrum, with a particular emphasis on their potent antitumor
properties. Researchers frequently explore structural modifications, particularly in region
C, consistently enhancing their pharmacological activities. A highlighted finding is that
analogs with alterations in both regions A and C manifest a diverse array of effects, spanning
from anti-obesity to protection against ischemia. They also demonstrate anti-
Alzheimer's, anti-fibrotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, antimalarial, and anti-epileptic
properties. This underscores the potential of structural adaptations in these regions, expanding
the therapeutic applications of capsaicin-like compounds. Additionally, manipulations
in regions B and C result in compounds that possess antioxidant and anti-obesity
properties, providing valuable insights for the development of novel compounds. The
therapeutic potential of capsaicin analogs opens innovative avenues for drug design and
development, promising to address a broad spectrum of diseases and enhance global
quality of life. Moreover, this article meticulously examines various synthetic methodologies
for synthesizing capsaicin analogs, complementing the main review. These methodologies
distinguish themselves through their simplicity, mild reaction conditions, and reliance
on readily available commercial reagents. The accessible synthesis pathways enable
researchers from diverse backgrounds to explore these compounds, fostering investigations
and potential therapeutic applications.
FN-1501 Inhibits Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Tumor Growth by Inducing Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis
Authors: Zou Dan , Hu Bowen , Feng Sitong , Si Rujia , Zhong Bei , Shen Bo , Du Yuxin , Feng Jifeng 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Due to its high degree of aggressiveness, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) presents
a treatment challenge because 30% to 50% of patients experience resistance or relapse following standard
chemotherapy. FN-1501 is an effective inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases and Fms-like receptor tyrosine
kinase 3.

Objective:
This study aimed to examine the anti-tumor impact of FN-1501 on DLBCL and clarify its molecular
mechanism.

Methods:
This study used the cell counting kit-8 assay to evaluate cell proliferation, along with western blotting
and flow cytometry to analyze cell cycle progression and apoptosis influenced by FN-1501 in vitro. Afterward,
the effectiveness of FN-1501 was evaluated in vivo utilizing the xenograft tumor model. In addition, we identified
the potential signaling pathways and performed rescue studies using western blotting and flow cytometry.

Results:
We found that FN-1501 inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in
DLBCL cells in vitro. Its anti-proliferative effects were shown to be time- and dose-dependent. The effect on cell
cycle progression resulted in G1/S phase arrest, and the apoptosis induction was found to be caspase-dependent.
FN-1501 treatment also reduced tumor volumes and weights and was associated with a prolonged progressionfree
survival in vivo. Mechanistically, the MAPK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways were significantly inhibited by
FN-1501. Additional pathway inhibitors examination reinforced that FN-1501 may regulate cell cycle arrest and
apoptosis through these pathways.

Conclusion:
FN-1501 shows promising anti-tumor activity against DLBCL in vivo and in vitro, suggesting its
potential as a new therapeutic option for patients with refractory or relapsed DLBCL.
Focus. Bronteksten van de Synode van Dordrecht 1618-1619
Authors: Moehn W.H.Th. 
Published: September 2024

N.a.v.: Donald Sinnema, Christian Moser en Herman J. Selderhuis (red.), Acta of the Synod of Dordt [Acta et Documenta Synodi Nationalis Dordrechtanae (1618-1619), 1 (ADSND)] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2015) cvii + 539 p., € 225,00 (ISBN 9783525550786); Donald Sinnema, Christian Moser, Erik A. de Boer en Herman J. Selderhuis (red.), The Convening of the Synod of Dordt [ADSND 2,1] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2023) lxiii + 808 p., € 250,00 (ISBN 9783525554661); Donald Sinnema, Christian Moser en Herman J. Selderhuis (red.), Early Sessions of the Synod of Dordt [ADSND 2,2] (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2018) xliii + 961 p., € 225,00 (ISBN 9783525570548).