bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cultural and organizational integration in cross-border M&A deals
Authors: Panibratov Andrei 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify key factors that influence the integration process in cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&A) deals of emerging multinational enterprises (EMNEs). The research questions are: how national and organizational culture coupled with other organizational characteristics influence M&A deals of EMNEs? Which factors influence the process of cultural and organizational integration in cross-border M&A deals, initiated by EMNEs? What is the effect and consequences that different integration factors have on cross-border M&A deals by EMNEs?Design/methodology/approachThe paper is based on a multiple case study research, considering cross-border deals of Chinese and Russian firms separately. Each block consists of two cases, describing M&A integration of companies operating in two sectors: high technology and finance. The authors obtained the data for case studies from companies’ official websites, annual reports, press releases, other official documents where companies were mentioned, business-media sources (newspapers and magazines), published interviews, documented speeches, letters, laws, as well as through blogs and social networks. The authors have also used the published information from articles, books, databases, and previously conducted case studies.FindingsThe authors have identified the factors influencing deals’ results of Chinese and Russian MNEs, with explanation based on case studies’ analysis. The full list of factors is presented in Table IV in the manuscript. The authors have also identified the set of elements that were derived from the case studies’ analysis only, without having any strong support in the literature, such as changes at a senior management level, educational and business exchanges, CSR policy, and the government involvement.Originality/valueThe authors have identified the key factors that influence integration of emerging market firms in cross-border M&A deal. The list of factors was adjusted and actualized in accordance with the results of four cases of cross-border M&A deals of Chinese or Russian companies. As a result, the authors founded the combination of characteristics of cultural and organizational integration process of firms from China and Russia.
Why do I contribute when I am an “insider”? A moderated mediation approach to perceived insider status and employee’s innovative behavior
Authors: Wang Hongli , Feng Jingming , Prevellie Peter , Wu Kunjin 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe relationship between perceived insider status (PIS) and innovative behavior may be mediated by felt obligation. Then the relationship between felt obligation and innovative behavior may be moderated by job stress. At last, felt obligation may conditional mediate the relationship between PIS and innovative behavior when job stress at different level. The purpose of this paper is to test these hypotheses.Design/methodology/approachThe authors tested the moderated mediation model with data from a sample of 529 supervisor-subordinate dyads from the People’s Republic of China. Employees were asked to evaluate their PIS, felt obligation, and job stress when in the workplace. Their innovative behavior was evaluated by their immediate supervisors.FindingsResults suggest that PIS is positively related to employee’s innovative behavior, and felt obligation mediates this relationship. In addition, job stress moderates two stage relationships: one is to moderate the relationship between felt obligation and innovative behavior; the other is to moderate the whole mediation model.Practical implicationsIn China, managers can treat some employees as family members and support them when they are in trouble so that the employees will perceive insider status. Let employees get the feeling of PIS maybe a good way to motivate them to contribute to the organization. In addition, managers should reduce the work load of some employees who are expected to be innovative. Then those employees will have much more spare time to engage in innovative behavior.Originality/valueThis research sheds light on the relationship between PIS and innovative behavior in a non-western context by testing the mediating mechanism guided by role identity and appropriateness framework, which is a way different from social exchange process.
Research on interval optimization of the proportion of female executives based on panel threshold model
Authors: Wang Xing , Shao Xuefeng 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to seek the optimal proportion of female executives in corporate management teams, and to analyze the threshold effect of the proportion of female executives on the enterprise market value and enterprise management performance by using a panel threshold regression model. The purpose of this paper is to obtain the optimal interval, during which female executives exert positive effects on enterprise market value and enterprise management performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the data of listed companies in SSE from 2003 to 2012, this paper conducts theoretical and empirical analysis by using a panel threshold regression model.

Findings
This paper proves that the proportion of female executives has a threshold effect on the enterprise market value and enterprise management performance. The results show that the proportion of female executives has an optimal interval. In other words, during the 53.8-68.4 percent interval, the proportion of female executives exerts the least negative effect on the enterprise market value and the most positive effect on the enterprise management performance.

Originality/value
In this paper, the non-linear relationship between female executives, enterprise market value and enterprise management performance has been verified, and the optimization interval of the female executives’ proportion has been figured out as well.
Moderation effect of organizational citizenship behavior on the performance of lecturers
Authors: Hakim Wardhani , Fernandes Adji 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to know the effect of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) moderating the effect of personality, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction on the performance.

Design/methodology/approach
This research was conducted in the city of Makassar with the entire population as a lecturer with the status as a permanent lecturer foundation. By using the formula, Slovin found a sample of 295 respondents. Statistical analysis of inferential used to test the hypothesis of the research is structural equation modeling (SEM).

Findings
OCB is the moderator variable in effect between personality, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on the performance. It means that the higher value of OCB affects the increasing effect of personality, organizational commitment and job satisfaction on the performance.

Originality/value
This paper’s originality is shown on variables used, which are personality, organization commitment, job satisfaction, OCB, and performance. Furthermore, the method used in this research is using SEM, as well as the investigator sites located at two private colleges in the city of Makassar, namely, Indonesian Muslim University and Muhammadiyah University Makassar, South Sulawesi, where there are no previous studies that discuss the same topic on these locations.
The effect of loan portfolio diversification on banks’ risks and return
Authors: Adzobu Lydia Dzidzor , Agbloyor Elipkimi Komla , Aboagye Anthony 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to test whether diversification of credit portfolios across economic sectors leads to improved profitability and reduced credit risks for Ghanaian banks that have been characterized by high non-performing loans in recent times (IMF, 2011).Design/methodology/approachStatic and dynamic estimations, namely Prais-Winsten, fixed and random effect estimators, feasible generalized least squares as well as the system generalized methods of moments are employed on the annual data of 30 Ghanaian banks that operated between 2007 and 2014 to determine the effect of loan portfolio diversification on bank performance.FindingsThe study shows that loan portfolio diversification does not improve banks’ profitability nor does it reduce banks’ credit risks.Research limitations/implicationsThe study focuses on a single banking system in Africa largely as a result of data limitation.Practical implicationsThe study emphasizes the need for banks to perform a careful assessment of the effects of their lending policies geared toward increased sectoral diversification on their monitoring efficiency and effectiveness. A further investment in loan screening and monitoring is necessary to minimize credit risks.Originality/valueThis study is the first to present empirical evidence on the effects of loan portfolio diversification on bank performance in an emerging banking market in Africa.
Sport participation from sport events: why it doesn’t happen?
Authors: Taks Marijke , Green B. Chris , Misener Laura , Chalip Laurence 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present and use an event leveraging framework (ELF) to examine processes and challenges when seeking to leverage a sport event to build sport participation.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used an action research approach for which the researchers served as consultants and facilitators for local sports in the context of the International Children’s Games. Initially three sports were selected, and two sports were guided through the full leveraging process. Prior to the event, actions were planned and refined, while researchers kept field notes. Challenges and barriers to implementation were examined through observation immediately prior to and during the event, and through a workshop with stakeholders six weeks after the event, and interviews a year later.

Findings
With the exception of a flyer posted on a few cars during the track and field competition, none of the planned action steps was implemented. Barriers included competition and distrust among local sport clubs, exigencies associated with organizing event competitions, the event organizers’ focus on promoting the city rather than its sports, and each club’s insufficient human and physical resources for the task. These barriers were not addressed by local clubs because they expected the event to inspire participation despite their lack of marketing leverage. The lack of action resulted in no discernible impact of the event on sport participation.

Research limitations/implications
Results demonstrate that there are multiple barriers to undertaking the necessary steps to capitalize on an event to build sport participation, even when a well-developed framework is used. Specific steps to overcome the barriers need to be implemented, particularly through partnerships and building capacity for leverage among local sport organizations.

Originality/value
This study presents the ELF, and identifies reasons why sport events fail to live up to their promise to build sport participation. Necessary steps are suggested to redress that failing.
Poverty and malnutrition in Africa: a conceptual analysis
Authors: Adeyeye Samuel Ayofemi Olalekan , Adebayo-Oyetoro Abiodun Omowonuola , Tiamiyu Hussaina Kehinde 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to examine the concept of poverty and malnutrition in Africa, implications and the way out.

Design/methodology/approach
Several literatures were reviewed on the causes, modes, implications and solutions to the contemporary challenges of poverty and malnutrition in Africa.

Findings
Poverty and malnutrition are two sides of a coin that are ravaging the African continent. These were as a result of underdevelopment, maladministration and lack of focus and vision by the generations of leaders saddled with administration in different African countries. Poverty in Africa embraces lack of basic human needs faced by people in African society. Many African nations are very poor, and their income per capita or gross domestic product per capita fall toward the bottom of list of nations of the world, despite a wealth of natural resources. In 2009, according to United Nations (UN), 22 of 24 nations identified as having “Low Human Development” on the UN’s Human Development Index were in sub-Saharan Africa and 34 of the 50 nations on the UN list of least developed countries are in Africa. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that 233 million people in sub-Saharan Africa were hungry/undernourished in 2014-2016 (its most recent estimate). In total, 795 million people were hungry worldwide. According to the World Bank, sub-Saharan Africa was the area with the second largest number of hungry people, as Asia had 512 million, mainly due to the much larger population of Asia when compared to sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank also reported in 2012 that sub-Saharan Africa Poverty and Equity Data was 501 million people, or 47 per cent Poverty has also been reported as the principal cause of hunger in Africa and the principal causes of poverty have been found to be harmful economic systems, conflict, environmental factors such as drought and climate change and population growth.

Originality/value
This study examined the concept of poverty and malnutrition in Africa, the implications and the way out.
Stage of change toward “9-a-day” not “5-a-day” is associated with lower body weight
Authors: Bawadi Hiba , Tayyem Reema , Muhanna Safaa , Tuuri Georgianna , Keenan Michael J. , Faris Moez , Losso Jack 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This study aims to assess the students’ stage of change (SOC) for fruits and vegetables (FV) consumption using the 5-a-day and 9-a-day patterns; to validate a tool to measure SOC for consuming 5-a-day and 9-a-day of FV; and to investigate the relationship between SOC for FV consumption and body weight among Jordanian college students.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional study was conducted and included a convenient sample of 788 college students (47.7 per cent men and 52.2 per cent women) who completed validated questionnaires which included socio-demographic data, readiness to consume 5-a-day and 9-a-day servings of FV daily and FV consumption behaviors. Students’ heights and weights were measured. SOC for participants was examined using reparation, contemplation, pre-contemplation, action and maintenance stages.

Findings
A majority (69.9 per cent) of college students were in the pre-contemplation stage with regard to 9-a-day behavior. Females tended to be classified in the action stage more than males (P < 0.001). After controlling for age, gender and energy consumption, a significant (P < 0.05) inverse relationship was found between maintenance or action SOC for consuming 9-a-day behavior and body mass index (BMI). A large proportion of college students were in a pre-action stage for either consuming 5-a-day or 9-a-day of FV. Those students who followed the 9-a-day recommendations had significantly (P < 0.05) lower BMI values that those students in the pre-action stages.

Originality/value
The current study is genuine and original, and valuable in designing new strategies in lowering obesity and its comorbidities.
Role of food taboos in energy, macro and micronutrient intake of pregnant women in western Kenya
Authors: Kariuki Lucy Wanjiru , Lambert Christine , Purwestri Ratna Chrismiari , Maundu Patrick , Biesalski Hans Konrad 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine food taboos/habits and dietary patterns of pregnant women in Kenya.

Design/methodology/approach
In all, 205 individual 24-h recall interviews were conducted face to face to collect information on pregnant women dietary intake. Women focus group discussions were conducted in seven villages in Kakamega County to determine which foods are avoided during pregnancy and the reasons for avoiding them.

Findings
The concept of “baby becoming big” was common advice to pregnant women to reduce intake of large amounts of starchy or high caloric foods. Restriction on the consumption of some parts of cow and chicken and consumption of eggs was widespread. Women with the highest education had significantly higher intake than women with lower education: energy (1,718 vs 1,436 kcal, p = 0.007), protein (45 vs 38 g, p = 0.03), vitamin C (59 vs 39 mg, p = 0.000), calcium (275 vs 222 mg, p = 0.04) and iron (8.5 vs 7.2 mg, p = 0.03). Multivariate binary logistic regression showed that participants with higher education were more likely to reach estimated average intake for energy (OR = 2.82, 95 per cent CI = 1.2-6.5) and vitamin C (OR = 4.1, 95 per cent CI = 1.5-11.0) than women with lower education level.

Originality/value
The observed link between reduced intake of nutrients and low education levels suggests that education is a possible intervention strategy. Incorporating nutrition education in school curriculum and improving knowledge on nutrition among women with low education may help overcome unhealthy food taboos in pregnant women.
Formulation and nutritional evaluation of baked products supplemented with partially defatted peanut flour
Authors: Seth Kripa , Kochhar Anita 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Due to the increased consumption of fast foods in India, especially among the youngsters, obesity and related health ailments have become a serious concern. Fast foods provide empty calories which calls for an urgent need to improvise their nutritional value rendering them “nutrient dense”. The purpose of this research was development and nutritional evaluation of baked products incorporated with partially defatted peanut flour.

Design/methodology/approach
Three baked products, namely, pizza base, buns and bread were developed using standardized recipes with different levels of incorporation of defatted peanut meal flour. These products were organoleptically evaluated by a trained panel of ten judges using nine-point hedonic scale. The selected samples of each product were nutritionally evaluated for proximate composition and mineral content along with their respective control samples.

Findings
Results from sensory evaluation revealed that pizza base, buns and bread were most acceptable at 10, 10 and 15 per cent level of incorporation of partially defatted peanut flour, respectively. The developed products were found to have high protein, crude fiber, calcium and iron, i.e. 11.5-12.4 per cent, 1.4-1.8 per cent, 19.2-20.4 mg/100 g, 1.8-2.3 mg/100 g content, respectively. p-values for the same were also calculated.

Originality/value
Keeping in view the nutritional benefits of peanut flour and trending consumption of bakery products among children and other age groups, these products can be commercialized to improve the nutritional value of empty calorie baked products as these products are consumed very frequently. Defatted peanut meal although being nutrient rich has generally been used as animal feed or is discarded as waste. The role of this meal in the human diet has not been explored to the best.
Students’ perception on developing conceptual generic skills for business
Authors: Bratianu Constantin , Vatamanescu Elena-Madalina 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The classical approach of teaching and learning mostly based on knowledge transfer is questionable as knowledge life cycle is shortening and new type of jobs appear every day with new knowledge request. In this vein, the purpose of this paper is to investigate how to switch the focus from learning knowledge to learning generic skills liable to help future professionals to think and learn by doing.

Design/methodology/approach
The research is based on a 30-item questionnaire that was addressed to over 500 students involved in management and business undergraduate and graduate programs from two well-reputed Romanian universities. Three hundred and forty questionnaires were filled in and processed using SPSS, version 19. Additionally, a factorial analysis was performed, with a view to extract the most important factors that are involved in developing generic skills in university programs.

Findings
Results demonstrate that most of the students from the undergraduate programs prefer the classical approach – less implication and responsibility in doing a harder conceptual work – while most students from the master programs are open to the new perspective of learning to learn, namely, to developing generic skills.

Research limitations/implications
In the new turbulent business landscape, universities face a significant change in teaching their students. Although the research adds to the value of the extant literature on generic skills (also known as core skills), it is mainly focused on a Romanian sample, thus reflecting a context-based perspective.

Originality/value
The current study provides a preliminary insight into the perception of Romanian students about developing generic skills and into their readiness to assume the role of main actors in the learning process.
Transmitting competencies at universities: employability readiness of students
Authors: Sultanova Gulbakhyt , Svyatov Serik , Ussenbayev Nurzhan 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine factors that can contribute to minimising a discrepancy between a traditional grade point average and a newly introduced employability readiness indicator, aiming to increase the efficiency of universities in producing employable graduates. While grade point average integrates grades for courses completed, employability readiness indicator indicates the level of competencies developed in these courses.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected for two bachelor programmes at Narxoz University by means of a structured interview, a structured observation and a specialised test. Various statistical and regression analyses were applied to determine properties of grade point average and employability readiness indicator as well as factors affecting them by setting and solving the problem of minimising the discrepancy using Bloom’s taxonomy as a framework.

Findings
The minimisation problem appears to have had multiple optimal solutions that significantly decrease the discrepancy on account of factors from thinking levels 3-4 (apply and analyse). To further eliminate this discrepancy, it is reasonable to focus on factors from thinking levels 5-6 (evaluate and create).

Research limitations/implications
Due to its consistency and simplicity, this approach can be applied at any university allowing national and international comparison of educational quality. A longitudinal study covering more programmes is necessary to draw conclusions concerning causality.

Originality/value
The novelty of this study lies in illustrating how the education process can be related to competency development and how critical factors of competency transmission can be identified.