bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of occupational noise exposure on blood pressure and hearing loss among female workers of childbearing age
Authors: Zhang Danhua , Wu Di , Wang Sihua , Jiao Jie , Yang Yan , Zhou Wenhui , Zeng Dong , Li Leike 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
Women exposed to occupational noise experience adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore, we initiated a large, population-based, cross-sectional study to further investigate the effects of occupational noise on hearing and blood pressure among female workers of childbearing age.

Study design and setting
A total of 6981 childbearing-aged female workers were selected for this cross-sectional study. Basic characteristics of participants were analyzed by comparing the exposed and control groups. Logistic regression models were employed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidences intervals (CIs) for the associations of occupational noise with levels of hearing loss and blood pressure. The associations were further explored through stratification by age and duration of noise exposure.

Results
Compared with participants not exposed to occupational noise, increasing years of occupational noise exposure were independently associated with an elevated risk of hypertension after adjustment of age, industry classification, enterprise size and economic type. Compared to participants not exposed to occupational noise, only the prevalence of bilateral hearing loss was significantly higher after adjustments for age, industry classification, enterprise size and economic type. Compared with those with normal hearing, the ORs and 95% CIs were 1.97 (0.95–4.07), 2.22 (1.05–4.68) and 1.29 (1.06–1.57) for bilateral, unilateral and any ear hearing loss, respectively.

Conclusions
Occupational noise exposure is positively associated with both hypertension and bilateral hearing loss among female workers of childbearing age. Those exposed to occupational noise show an increased risk of hypertension after adjusting for potential confounders.
Gastrointestinal adverse events of metformin treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of observational studies
Authors: Nabrdalik Katarzyna , Hendel Mirela , Irlik Krzysztof , Kwiendacz Hanna , Łoniewski Igor , Bucci Tommaso , Alam Uazman , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Gumprecht Janusz , Skonieczna-Żydecka Karolina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Metformin is the most prescribed medication for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); there is a well-established link with the elevated incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) adverse events (AE) limiting its administration or intensification.

Objectives
The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to evaluate the pooled incidence of GI AE related to metformin use in patients with T2DM.

Materials and methods
PUB MED/CINAHL/Web of Science/Scopus were searched from database inception until 29.07.2024 for observational studies in English describing the frequency of GI AE in patients with T2DM treated with metformin. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to derive effect sizes: event rates.

Results
From 7019 publications, we identified 211 potentially eligible full-text articles. Ultimately, 21 observational studies were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of GI AE was as follows: diarrhea 6.9% (95% CI: 0.038–0.123), bloating 6,2% (95% CI: 0.020–0.177), abdominal pain 5,3% (95% CI: 0.003–0.529), vomiting 2.4% (95%: CI 0.007–0.075), constipation 1.1% (95%: CI 0.001–0.100). The incidence of bloating (coefficient -4.46; p < 0.001), diarrhea (coefficient -1.17; p = 0.0951) abdominal pain (coefficient -2.80; p = 0.001), constipation (coefficient -5.78; p = 0.0014) and vomiting (coefficient -2.47; p < 0.001) were lower for extended release (XR) metformin than metformin immediate release (IR) formulation.

Conclusions
This study highlights the prevalence of GI AE in patients receiving metformin, with a diarrhea predominance, followed by bloating, diarrhea, abdominal pain, constipation, and vomiting. The incidence is lower in patients administered with XR metformin.

Trial registration
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021289975, identifier CRD42021289975.
Keratinocyte derived extracellular vesicles mediated crosstalk between epidermis and dermis in UVB-induced skin inflammation
Authors: Li Yubin , Baniel Avital , Diaz DeAnna , Ogawa-Momohara Mariko , Ricco Cristina , Eldaboush Ahmed , Bashir Muhammad , Sharma Meena , Liu Ming-Lin , Werth Victoria P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and rationale
Ultraviolet-B (UVB) light induces dermal inflammation, although it is mostly absorbed in the epidermis. Recent reports suggest extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as a mediator of photodamage signaling. Melatonin is reported to be a protective factor against UV-induced damage. We hypothesized that EVs derived from UVB-irradiated keratinocytes might trigger proinflammatory responses in dermal cells and tested whether melatonin can ameliorate UVB-induced inflammation.

Methods
We used UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells, primary keratinocytes and STING knock-out mice to model production of EVs under photodamaging conditions and performed immunoblotting and ELISA to measure their effect on dermal macrophages.

Results
UVB-irradiated keratinocytes produce an increased number of EVs that contain higher concentrations of DNA and protein compared with controls. KC-derived EVs (KEVs) induced a STING- and inflammasome-mediated proinflammatory response in macrophages in vitro, and a pronounced inflammatory infiltrate in mouse dermis in vivo. Melatonin ameliorated KEVs inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions
This data suggests EVs are mediators in a crosstalk that takes place between keratinocytes and their neighboring cells as a result of photodamage. Further studies exploring EVs induced by damaging doses of UVB, and their impact on other cells will provide insight into photodamage and may help develop targeted therapeutic approaches.
Intravitreal faricimab for treatment naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration: a real-world prospective study
Authors: Grimaldi Gabriela , Cancian Giuseppe , Paris Arianna , Clerici Michele , Volpe Giulio , Menghini Moreno 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Intravitreal faricimab, a bispecific antibody targeting both angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), was recently introduced for the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), diabetic macular oedema and cystoid macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy, safety and durability of intravitreal faricimab in a real-world cohort of treatment-naïve patients with nAMD.

Methods
Single-centre, prospective cohort study of 21 eyes from 19 treatment-naïve nAMD patients who were treated with intravitreal faricimab from October 2022 to April 2024. Patients underwent a loading dose (LD) of 4 monthly faricimab injections followed by a treat-and-extend regimen. Primary outcomes included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and structural parameters from spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Secondary outcomes included the proportion of eyes achieving a dry macula, maximal fluid-free interval and intended interval at last follow-up.

Results
The study included 21 eyes of 19 patients (mean age 83.1 years). After LD, 93.3% of eyes achieved a dry macular SD-OCT scan within a median time of 8 weeks. At the first extension, 53% of eyes remained dry, while 47% showed fluid recurrence. Long-term analysis (n = 14) revealed significant reductions in macular volume (MV), central subfield thickness (CST), and pigment epithelial detachment (PED) height over a median follow-up of 64.9 weeks, with sustained visual and anatomical improvements. Median BCVA, CST, and MV at the final follow-up were significantly improved from baseline (p < 0.01). The intended interval between injections was ≥ 12 weeks in 42.86% of eyes. No cases of intraocular inflammation were observed, although 10% experienced retinal pigment epithelial tears.

Conclusions
Intravitreal faricimab demonstrated favourable efficacy, safety, and durability outcomes in a real-world cohort of treatment-naïve nAMD patients.
Evaluation of GARP immunohistochemical expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Atia Esraa Adel Mahmoud Mohamed , Sammour Sanaa Abd Elmaged , Ibrahim Eman Abdel-Salam , Abou Gabal Hoda Hassan , Elgohary Shimaa Abdelraouf 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Glycoprotein A repetitions predominant (GARP) is a novel transmembrane protein highly expressed on the surface of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are a subset of immunosuppressive T lymphocytes that play a major role in inhibiting the antitumor immune response. Many studies documented increased GARP expression in various tumors, which is related to a poorer prognosis, and only one single paper investigated its expression in thyroid tumors.

Aim
To evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of GARP in differentiated thyroid carcinomas and their tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in comparison to its expression in other benign and low-risk lesions.

Methods
Sixty-nine cases of different thyroid lesions were subgrouped into 37 cases of malignant thyroid neoplasms, 25 cases of benign thyroid lesions, and 7 cases of low-risk neoplasms collected from the Pathology Department Laboratories of Ain Shams University Hospitals during the period from January 2017 to December 2021 and stained immunohistochemically for GARP. Immunohistochemical (IHC) results were evaluated in thyroid epithelial cells and TILs. The expression of GARP was correlated with the different clinicopathological parameters.

Results
GARP expression discloses a significant statistical difference between the three studied groups (P < 0.001). High GARP expression was detected in 89.19% of the malignant cases and in 28.57% of low-risk neoplasms, while all benign lesions exhibited low GARP expression. High GARP expression of TILs was detected in 60% of the malignant cases. Synchronous high GARP expression in tumor tissue and in the surrounding TILs was detected in 63.16% of the malignant cases, yet these results did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusion
GARP is a marker of Tregs, whose high expression is increased in malignant over benign and low-risk lesions. It might be a potential novel target for anticancer immunotherapy.
Genomic Landscape in Prostate Cancer in a Latin American Population
Authors: Angel Martín , Freile Berenice , Rodriguez Andres , Cayol Federico , Manneh Kopp Ray , Rioja Patricia , Soule Tomas , Losco Federico , Bernal Vaca Laura , Penaloza Jose Mauricio , Zapata Muñoz Maycos Leandro , Neciosup Silvia Patricia , Sanchez Roger Rodrigo , Passarella Carolina , Guerreño Elvio , Farelluk Diego , Maturana Leiva Ernesto , Zarba Martin , Bourlon Maria Teresa , Mora Pineda Mauricio , Sade Juan Pablo 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE
This study aims to describe genomic characteristics of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS
This study is a retrospective, multicenter cohort study of patients with mPC and reports on genomic testing. Patients were included from 12 academic centers in five countries.

RESULTS

A total of 349 patients with PC were included in this study. Most patients (209, 59.9%) were de novo metastatic. Genomic analysis was performed in 233 (66.6%) patients in the metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) setting, and only 115 (32.8%) patients had a tumor evaluation in the metastatic hormone sensitive prostate cancer scenario. The evaluation of somatic and/or germline mutations was performed through multigene panel analyses in 290 (83.09%) patients, and next-generation sequencing of
BRCA1
and
BRCA2
genes was performed in 59 (16.91%) patients. Analyzing the mCRPC subgroup, with a median follow-up of 15.6 months (IQR, 14-19.06), the median progression-free survival (PFS) was not reached (NR) and the PFS at 16 months was 58.7% (95% CI, 50.8 to 67.8). When comparing patients with
BRCA
mutations with those who are not
BRCA
-mutated in the mCRPC scenario, the median PFS was NR (95% CI, 14 to NR) and 26.3 months (95% CI, 16.7 to 36.5;
P
= .2), respectively. Two of six patients with
BRCA
mutations were treated with targeted therapies (poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors).

CONCLUSION
Our study, to the best of our knowledge, represents one of the larger data sets for somatic testing in patients with PC in Latin America (LATAM). It adds valuable information to the growing body of knowledge about the genomic landscape of advanced PC in real-world daily practice scenarios in LATAM countries, which are not always well-represented in large-scale randomized clinical trials.
Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing for Biologic Classification and Individualized Risk Stratification in Patients With Hodgkin Lymphoma
Authors: Heger Jan-Michel , Mammadova Laman , Mattlener Julia , Sobesky Sophia , Cirillo Melita , Altmüller Janine , Kirst Elisabeth , Reinke Sarah , Klapper Wolfram , Bröckelmann Paul J. , Ferdinandus Justin , Kaul Helen , Schneider Gundolf , Schneider Jessica , Schleifenbaum Julia Katharina , Ullrich Roland T. , Freihammer Max , Awerkiew Sabine , Lohmann Mia , Klein Florian , Nürnberg Peter , Hallek Michael , Rossi Davide , Mauz-Körholz Christine , Gattenlöhner Stefan , Bräuninger Andreas , Borchmann Peter , von Tresckow Bastian , Borchmann Sven 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE
Current clinical challenges in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) include difficult-to-treat relapsed/refractory disease and considerable long-term toxicities of treatment. Since clinical risk factors lack discriminatory power, intensity of therapy is mainly based on tumor burden. Exploring HL genetics and tumor microenvironment (TME) might provide valuable insights for improved risk stratification.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, we applied circulating tumor DNA sequencing to 243 patients obtained from pivotal German Hodgkin Study Group trials to identify subtypes of HL. Independent validation of the subtypes was performed in 96 patients treated in the EuroNet-PHL-C2 study. Outcome differences of subtypes were assessed in an event-enriched clinical validation cohort comprising 72 patients from the HD21 trial, using a refined, validated, and clinically feasible assay.

RESULTS

We propose a biologic classification of HL consisting of three distinct subtypes: inflammatory immune escape HL is characterized by frequent copy-number variations including immune escape variants such as high-level amplifications of the
PD-L1
locus and an inflammatory TME. Virally-driven HL is associated with Epstein-Barr virus and/or human herpesvirus 6 and an inflammatory TME with neutrophils and macrophages, while the tumor mutational burden (TMB) is low. Oncogene-driven HL is defined by a high TMB, recurrent mutations in oncogenic drivers such as
TNFAIP3
,
ITPKB
, and
SOCS1
, and a cold TME. A refined and validated assay version aiming at clinically feasible risk stratification showed significant progression-free survival differences between subtypes. In addition, assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) allowed for the detection of patients at very high risk of relapse within the subtypes.

CONCLUSION
We propose a clinically feasible, noninvasive method for individualized risk stratification and MRD monitoring in patients with HL on the basis of circulating tumor DNA sequencing.
Effects of loneliness on healthcare utilization and medical expenditures in US cancer survivors.
Authors: Chen Fangyuan (Chelsea) , Zhao Jingxuan , Nipp Ryan David , Han Xuesong , Zheng Zhiyuan , Yabroff Robin , Jiang Changchuan 
Published: September 2024

368

Background:
Loneliness is associated with increased mortality risk in cancer survivors. However, effects of loneliness on healthcare utilization are understudied. This study examined associations of loneliness with having emergency room (ER) visit, usual source of care, and hospitalization in US adults with and without cancer history.
Methods:
We identified 1,844 cancer survivors and 9,517 adults without a cancer history from the 2021 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. Loneliness was measured by 3 questions on feeling lack of companionship, left out, and isolated from others. Scores for each question were summed to create a total loneliness score, which was categorized into low/no loneliness (3-5) and high loneliness (6-9) based on previous literature. Separate logistic regression models were used to assess association of loneliness and whether having ER visit, usual source of care, and hospitalization. All models adjusted for age, region, sex, race, non-cancer health conditions, activity limitation, marital status, education, health insurance, and cancer diagnosis. We used a cancer history by loneliness interaction term to examine the differential associations of loneliness and healthcare utilization by cancer history.
Results:
2,367 (23%) adults without a cancer history and 450 (22%) cancer survivors reported loneliness. All adults averagely aged over 50, with more female (non-cancer: 57.1 vs 49.9%, cancer: 68.0 vs 55.9%) and those with non-cancer health conditions ≥3 (non-cancer: 20.6 vs 15.4%, cancer: 54.0 vs 44.4%) in the loneliness group. Cancer history modified the association between loneliness and ER visit (interaction term p-value 0.04), but didn’t modify the association with having usual source of care (p=0.38) or hospitalization (p=0.87). Loneliness was associated with having ER visit (OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.11-2.00) in cancer survivors while not in non-cancer patients (OR 1.08, 95% CI 0.92-1.27). No significant association was observed between loneliness and having usual source of care or hospitalization.
Conclusions:
Loneliness is associated with ER visit in US cancer survivors. Findings warrant further study of impact of loneliness on clinical outcomes in cancer survivors, with the aim of enhancing strategies to mitigate loneliness and optimize healthcare utilization.

Association of loneliness and healthcare utilization.

No Cancer History (9,517, 85%)
Cancer History (1,844, 15%)

Loneliness
No (7,150, 77%)
Yes (2,367, 23%)
No (1,394, 78%)
Yes (450, 22%)

Odds ratio

Having ER visit
Ref
1.08 (0.92-1.27)
Ref
1.49 (1.11-2.00)

Having usual source of care
1.08 (0.89-1.30)
0.90 (0.62-1.30)

Having hospitalization
0.93 (0.79-1.09)
0.96 (0.62-1.48)
Financial burden within first year of diagnosis for privately-insured patients with early-onset breast or colorectal cancer.
Authors: Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Xu Ying , Bradley Cathy J , Yabroff Robin 
Published: September 2024

9

Background:
Rising incidence of early-onset (E-O) cancers has been observed globally. E-O breast cancer (BC) are patients (pts) diagnosed ages 18 to 44 and E-O colorectal cancer (CRC) are aged 18 to 49. Because many E-O cancers are among pts who do not meet screening eligibility criteria by age, they are often diagnosed at advanced stage, which is also more expensive to treat. Younger pts may also have lower incomes and fewer assets, increasing risk of financial burden for pts with E-O cancers. We estimated the financial burden for pts and private payors for E-O BC and CRC, compared to non-elderly pts with BC and CRC diagnosed between the age of 45 to 64 and 50 to 64 (older-onset), respectively.
Methods:
We applied a claims-based algorithm to identify pts with incident BC and CRC diagnosed between 2014 and 2021 from MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Data and required 12-month continuous enrollment before and after the index diagnosis for completeness of claims. Financial burden was quantified as total and out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, calculated as the sum of deductibles, copayments, and coinsurance. We used generalized linear models and quantile regressions to compare differences in mean and median costs, respectively, between pts with E-O vs. older onset cancer, adjusting for comorbidity, region, insurance plan type, sex (for CRC) and year.
Results:
Study cohort included 58,419 pts with BC and 11,251 pts with CRC. The proportion of E-O increased from 15% in 2014 to 17% in 2022 (Ptrend<0.01) in BC and from 23% to 30% (Ptrend<0.01) in CRC. Higher percentage of E-O pts were enrolled in high-deductible plans (BC: 25% v22%; CRC: 24% vs. 21%) and received systemic therapy (BC: 61% v 49%; CRC: 57% vs. 43%). Higher percent of surgery (93% v 89%) was observed in E-O BC and radiation (21% v 16%) in E-O CRC. Pts with E-O BC and CRC had significantly higher adjusted mean and median total and OOP payments (Table).
Conclusions:
E-O BC and CRC result in substantial costs to payors and moderately higher OOP payments. OOP maximums in private insurance may offer some financial protection for pts.

E-O
Older onset
Difference
95% CIBC:

BC: Mean total pay
$182,770
$128,640
$54,130
$50445, $57817

Median total pay
143,351
93,317
50,034
47691, 52377

Mean OOP
6,014
5,063
951
817, 1085

Median OOP
5,142
4,258
884
791, 978

CRC: Mean total pay
$153,446
$123,449
$29,998
$24244, $35752

Median total pay
119,747
89,340
30,406
25216, 35597

Mean OOP
5,429
4,791
638
428, 848

Median OOP
4,452
4,015
437
266, 607
Pharmacist-Led Video Consultation to Identify and Mitigate Drug Interactions Among Patients Initiating Oral Anticancer Drugs
Authors: Lichtenstein Morgan R.L. , Campbell Peter , Raghunathan Rohit , Beauchemin Melissa , Elkin Elena B. , Crew Katherine D. , Accordino Melissa , Ippoliti Cindy , Hwang Michelle , Abramova Rachel , Harden Erik , Kelly Paige , Collins Nicole , Faheem Khadija , Wright Jason D , Hershman Dawn L. 
Published: September 2024

PURPOSE
The past decade has seen an increase in oral anticancer drug (OACD) approvals. Polypharmacy and drug-drug interactions (DDIs) likely contribute to OACD toxicity. We assessed a one-time pharmacist-led video consultation to identify DDIs.

METHODS
We conducted a single-arm telehealth intervention of a one-time 30-minute pharmacist-led video consultation among patients initiating OACDs. The visit focused on identifying polypharmacy and DDIs. Feasibility was defined as ≥50% completion of all study interventions. We determined the prevalence, characteristics, and severity of OACD-related potential DDIs. We also assessed the prevalence of medication list inaccuracies, polypharmacy, patient satisfaction, and patient perception of intervention acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility.

RESULTS
Of 58 eligible patients, 43 (74%) completed the intervention and 33 (57%) completed all evaluations. Median medication per patient was nine (range 4-21), and 98% of patients had at least five prescriptions. The median number of medication list errors was two (range 0-16), with at least one error for 76% and >1 for 52%. Pharmacists identified OACD-related interactions in 18 cases (42%), including change in drug metabolism (eight), elimination (one), and absorption (three). Interactions were classified as Lexicomp categories C (13), D (five), or X (one) requiring close monitoring or a change in treatment. All patients expressed high satisfaction with the intervention and agreed or completely agreed that it was acceptable, appropriate, and feasible.

CONCLUSION
Polypharmacy, medication list errors, and DDIs are prevalent among patients initiating OACDs. A one-time remote pharmacist-led video consultation can address OACD-related DDIs, which may decrease medication complexity and improve adherence.