bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PorV is an Outer Membrane Shuttle Protein for the Type IX Secretion System
Authors: Glew Michelle D. , Veith Paul D. , Chen Dina , Gorasia Dhana G. , Peng Ben , Reynolds Eric C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPorphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen associated with chronic periodontitis. Major virulence factors named gingipains (cysteine proteinases, RgpA, RgpB and Kgp) are secreted via the Type IX Secretion System (T9SS). These, together with approximately 30 other proteins, are secreted to the cell surface and anchored to the outer membrane by covalent modification to anionic lipopolysaccharide (A-LPS) via the novel Gram negative sortase, PorU. PorU is localised on the cell surface and cleaves the C-terminal domain signal (CTD) of T9SS substrates and conjugates their new C-termini to A-LPS. A 440 kDa-attachment complex was identified in the wild-type (WT) comprising of PorU:PorV:PorQ:PorZ. In mutant strains, sub-complexes comprising PorU:PorV or PorQ:PorZ were also identified at smaller native sizes suggesting that PorU and PorZ are anchored to the cell surface via interaction with the PorV and PorQ outer membrane proteins, respectively. Analysis of porU mutants and a CTD cleavage mutant revealed accumulation of immature T9SS substrates in a PorV-bound form. Quantitative label-free proteomics of WT whole cell lysates estimated that the proportion of secretion channels:attachment complexes:free PorV:T9SS substrates was 1:6:110:2000 supporting a role for PorV as a shuttle protein delivering secreted proteins to the attachment complex for CTD signal cleavage and A-LPS modification.
Circadian clock-dependent increase in salivary IgA secretion modulated by sympathetic receptor activation in mice
Authors: Wada Misaki , Orihara Kanami , Kamagata Mayo , Hama Koki , Sasaki Hiroyuki , Haraguchi Atsushi , Miyakawa Hiroki , Nakao Atsuhito , Shibata Shigenobu 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe salivary gland is rhythmically controlled by sympathetic nerve activation from the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which functions as the main oscillator of circadian rhythms. In humans, salivary IgA concentrations reflect circadian rhythmicity, which peak during sleep. However, the mechanisms controlling this rhythmicity are not well understood. Therefore, we examined whether the timing of parasympathetic (pilocarpine) or sympathetic (norepinephrine; NE) activation affects IgA secretion in the saliva. The concentrations of saliva IgA modulated by pilocarpine activation or by a combination of pilocarpine and NE activation were the highest in the middle of the light period, independent of saliva flow rate. The circadian rhythm of IgA secretion was weakened by an SCN lesion and Clock gene mutation, suggesting the importance of the SCN and Clock gene on this rhythm. Adrenoceptor antagonists blocked both NE- and pilocarpine-induced basal secretion of IgA. Dimeric IgA binds to the polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) on the basolateral surface of epithelial cells and forms the IgA-pIgR complex. The circadian rhythm of Pigr abundance peaked during the light period, suggesting pIgR expression upon rhythmic secretion of IgA. We speculate that activation of sympathetic nerves during sleep may protect from bacterial access to the epithelial surface through enhanced secretion of IgA.
Musashi-1 Enhances Glioblastoma Cell Migration and Cytoskeletal Dynamics through Translational Inhibition of Tensin3
Authors: Chen Hsiao-Yun , Lin Liang-Ting , Wang Mong-Lien , Laurent Benoit , Hsu Chih-Hung , Pan Chih-Ming , Jiang Wan-Ru , Chen Pau-Yuan , Ma Hsin-I , Chen Yi-Wei , Huang Pin-I , Chiou Arthur , Chiou Shih-Hwa 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe RNA-binding protein Musashi-1 (MSI1) exerts essential roles in multiple cellular functions, such as maintenance of self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells. MSI1 overexpression has been observed in several tumor tissues, including glioblastoma (GBM), and is considered as a well-established marker for tumor metastasis and recurrence. However, the molecular mechanisms by which MSI1 regulates cell migration are still undetermined. Here we reported that MSI1 alters cell morphology, promotes cell migration, and increases viscoelasticity of GBM cells. We also found that MSI1 directly binds to the 3′UTR of Tensin 3 (TNS3) mRNA, a negative regulator of cell migration, to inhibit its translation. Additionally, we identified that RhoA-GTP could be a potential regulator in MSI1/TNS3-mediated cell migration and morphological changes. In a xenograft animal model, high expression ratio of MSI1 to TNS3 enhanced GBM tumor migration. We also confirmed that MSI1 and TNS3 expressions are mutually exclusive in migratory tumor lesions, and GBM patients with MSI1high/TNS3low pattern tend to have poor clinical outcome. Taken together, our findings suggested a critical role of MSI1-TNS3 axis in regulating GBM migration and highlighted that the ratio of MSI1/TNS3 could predict metastatic and survival outcome of GBM patients.
Indicators of Dysphagia in Aged Care Facilities
Authors: Pu Dai , Murry Thomas , Wong May C. M. , Yiu Edwin M. L. , Chan Karen M. K. 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The current cross-sectional study aimed to investigate risk factors for dysphagia in elderly individuals in aged care facilities.

Method
A total of 878 individuals from 42 aged care facilities were recruited for this study. The dependent outcome was speech therapist-determined swallowing function. Independent factors were Eating Assessment Tool score, oral motor assessment score, Mini-Mental State Examination, medical history, and various functional status ratings. Binomial logistic regression was used to identify independent variables associated with dysphagia in this cohort.

Results
Two statistical models were constructed. Model 1 used variables from case files without the need for hands-on assessment, and Model 2 used variables that could be obtained from hands-on assessment. Variables positively associated with dysphagia identified in Model 1 were male gender, total dependence for activities of daily living, need for feeding assistance, mobility, requiring assistance walking or using a wheelchair, and history of pneumonia. Variables positively associated with dysphagia identified in Model 2 were Mini-Mental State Examination score, edentulousness, and oral motor assessments score.

Conclusions
Cognitive function, dentition, and oral motor function are significant indicators associated with the presence of swallowing in the elderly. When assessing the frail elderly, case file information can help clinicians identify frail elderly individuals who may be suffering from dysphagia.
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Presenting as an Isolated Vertebral Collapse
Authors: Singhal Namit , Chawla Anu , Agarwal Vinay 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNon-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) presenting as an isolated vertebral collapse is a very rare condition. We present a case of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as L3 vertebral body collapse on MRI. Isolated vertebral involvement was seen without evidence of any lesion elsewhere. Workup for systemic evidence of malignancy with contrast-enhanced CT of chest and abdomen did not reveal any other lesion. The patient was operated for L3 transpedicular decompression and L2–L4 pedicle screw rod fixation. Biopsy revealed diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), NOS. Diagnosis was further confirmed by a postoperative PET scan, which showed multiple deposits in perinephric fat and retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Patient was treated with CHOP-based chemotherapy.
Inheritance of a Balanced t(12;20)(q24.33;p12.2) and Unbalanced der(13)t(7;13)(p21.3;q33.2) from a Maternally Derived Double Balanced Translocation Carrier
Authors: Geddes Gabrielle , Basel Donald , Schippman Dana , Grignon John , vanTuinen Peter , Kappes Ulrike , Peterson Jess 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe report a 4-month-old male proband with a history of prominent forehead, hypertelorism, ear abnormalities, micrognathia, hypospadias, and multiple cardiac abnormalities. Initial microarray analysis detected a concurrent 7p21.3-p22.3 duplication and 13q33.2-q34 deletion indicating an unbalanced rearrangement. However, subsequent conventional cytogenetic studies only revealed what appeared to be a balanced t(12;20)(q24.33;p12.2). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using chromosome-specific subtelomere probes confirmed the presence of an unbalanced der(13)t(7;13)(p21.3;q33.2) and balanced t(12;20)(q24.33;p12.2), both of maternal origin. In addition to our unique clinical findings, this case highlights the benefits and limitations of both conventional cytogenetic studies and microarray analysis and how FISH complements each methodology.
Die Gelenkfläche und Größenverhältnisse der Fingergelenke: Eine anatomische Studie
Authors: Faymonville Christoph , Gausepohl Thomas , Müller Lars Peter , Hackl Michael 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Diese Studie analysiert die Größe und die Größenverhälntisse der Fingergelenke. In der bisher vorliegenden Literatur sind
nur Gesamtgrößen der Gelenkflächen für die PIP und DIP-Gelenke beschrieben. Eine exakte Messung mit den Verhältnissen für die einzelnen
Finger liegt nicht vor.
Material und Methoden Anhand 117 Fingermittel- und -endgelenke von 30 formalin-fixierten Händen wurde die Größe der Gelenkfläche der
interphalangealen Gelenkanteilen bestimmt.
Ergebnisse Im distalen Interphalangealgelenk beträgt die proximale Gelenkfläche 56,1 mm2, die distale Gelenkfläche
30,9 mm2, (Verhältnis: 1,8 : 1). Im proximalen Interphalangealgelenk weist die proximale Gelenkfläche im Mittel eine Größe
von 92,5 mm2 auf, während die distale Gelenkfläche eine durchschnittliche Größe von 52,4 mm2 besitzt (Verhältnis:
1,7 : 1).
Schlussfolgerung Dies ist die erste Studie, die präzise Daten zur Größe der Gelenkflächen der proximalen und distalen
Interphalangealgelenke berichtet. Sie vervollständigt das Wissen um die funktionelle Anatomie der Fingergelenke und kann für die
Weiterentwicklung für Fingerprothesen nützlich sein.
Resektionsarthroplastik nach Lundborg vs. Pyrocarbon-Spacer (Pyrocardan®) bei fortgeschrittener Rhizarthrose
– Eine Zwei-Center-Studie
Authors: Erne Holger C. , Schmauß Daniel , Cerny Michael , Schmauss Verena , Ehrl Denis , Löw Steffen , Deiler Stefan 
Published: August 2017

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Ziel dieser Studie an zwei Zentren war es, die Ergebnisse nach konventioneller Resektionsarthroplastik nach Lundborg mit
der Implantation des Pyrocardan®-Spacers zu vergleichen.
Patienten und Methoden Bei symptomatischer Rhizarthrose im Stadium III / IV nach Eaton und Littler wurde bei 12 Patienten eine
Resektionsarthroplastik nach Lundborg durchgeführt (Zentrum 1) und bei 8 Patienten ein Pyrocardan®-Spacers implantiert (Zentrum
2). Beiden Gruppen waren bezüglich des Durchschnittsalters, des präoperativen Schmerzniveaus, des radiologischen Schweregrads der Arthrose
nach Eaton-Littler und der Anamnesedauer bis zur Operation vergleichbar. Die Patientendaten wurden retrospektiv erhoben und eine
Nachuntersuchung nach mehr als 18 Monaten postoperativ durchgeführt, bei der der DASH-Score, das Intervall bis zur Beschwerdefreiheit, das
Schmerzniveau, die Griffkraft, die Pinchkraft und die Zufriedenheit mit der Behandlung erhoben wurden.
Ergebnisse Beide Gruppen verzeichnen einen ähnlichen Nachbeobachtungszeitraum von 23,6 Monaten (Resektions-Gruppe) vs. 26,1Monaten
(Spacer-Gruppe). Die Schnitt-Naht-Zeit betrug für die Resektions-Gruppe 31 min und für die Spacer-Gruppe 29 min. Der mittlere DASH betrug in
der Resektions-Gruppe 21,9 und in der Spacer-Gruppe 18,3. Die VAS-Schmerzintensität betrug zum Nachuntersuchungszeitraum für die
Spacer-Gruppe 1,5 und für die Resektions-Gruppe 1,0. Das zeitliche Intervall bis zur Beschwerdefreiheit war mit durchschnittlich 3,7 Monaten
in der Spacer-Gruppe signifikant kürzer als in der Resektions-Gruppe 5,7. Die Griffkraft und Pinchkraft waren zwischen beiden Gruppen nicht
signifikant unterschiedlich. Die Zufriedenheit mit der Behandlung wurde in der Resektions-Gruppe mit durchschnittlich 9,3angegeben, in der
Spacer-Gruppe mit 7,4.
Schlussfolgerung Im Beobachtungsintervall von jeweils über 1,5 Jahren führten beide Techniken zu einer zufriedenstellenden
Gebrauchsfähigkeit und deutlich reduzierten Beschwerdesymptomatik der operierten Hand. Die Implantation des Pyrocardan®-Spacers
scheint im Vergleich zur Resektionsarthroplastik leichte Vorteile bezüglich eines kürzeren Zeitraums bis zur kompletten Ausheilung zu haben.
Auf der anderen Seite stehen die Materialkosten des Spacers von mehreren Hundert Euro, die bei einer konventionellen Resektionsarthroplastik
nicht anfallen.
Genetic Polymorphisms as Predictive Markers of Response to Growth Hormone Therapy in Children with Growth Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Jung Anna , Zenker Martin , Lißewski Christina , Schanze Denny , Wagenpfeil Stefan , Rohrer Tilman 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Objective Growth hormone (GH) deficiency (GHD) is commonly treated with recombinant human GH (rhGH). Individual response to rhGH therapy varies widely and there is evidence that variations in growth-related genes, e. g. the GH receptor (GHR) gene, may impact treatment response. We aimed to identify genetic polymorphisms which could serve as predictive markers of response to rhGH therapy.
Methods We conducted a genetic analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the GHR exon 3 deletion in 101 paediatric GHD patients receiving rhGH. Patients were analysed for 13 known SNPs in 11 genes of the GH axis (SOS1, IGFR1, GAB1, LHX4, IGFBP3, GRB10, GHRHR, GHSR), growth plate (VDR, ESR1) and cell cycle (CDK4). Individual index of responsiveness (IoR) values were compared by genotype. We also analysed the potential association between the IoR and the GHR exon 3 deletion. IoRs were analysed by genotype by one-way analysis of variance and unpaired t-test.
Results Variations in two SNPs, rs2888586 (SOS1) and rs2069502 (CDK4), and the GHR exon 3 deletion were significantly associated with response to rhGH treatment.
Conclusions Genetic variations are potentially suitable as predictive markers of rhGH treatment response in GHD. Genetic analysis provides a starting point for individualised treatment of GHD.
ALIGNSEC: viewing protein secondary structure predictions within large multiple sequence alignments
Authors: Deléage Gilbert 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Motivation
ALIGNSEC is a module within ANTHEPROT designed for the interactive display, edition and printing of large-scale multiple alignments integrating secondary structure predictions.

Availability and implementation
The ALIGNSEC module is part of the ANTHEPROT package (http://antheprot-pbil.ibcp.fr) which can be used freely for academic users. It is running on Windows Operating systems. For commercial use, please contact the author.
Community capitals of a Paramaca Maroon village in pictures: a Photovoice study on community resilience in the context of large-scale gold mining
Authors: Vaneeckhaute Lieselotte Eva , Vanwing Tom , Meurs Pieter , Abelshausen Bieke , Jacquet Wolfgang 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In 2014, Newmont, a multinational mining company, invested in a large-scale ‘open-pit’ gold mining operation near a cluster of villages in the Paramaca Maroon community in Suriname. Mines are considered stressors that engender ecological, social and economic disruption. It is vital that place-based communities are resilient to the impact of this disruption. Resilience theory provides an applicable framework for studying how systems respond (i.e. cope, adapt or transform) in the face of exogenous stressors and disruptions. The Photovoice study presented in this paper, using the community capitals (CCs) framework, explores in a holistic and systemic way the CCs that exist in a Paramaca Maroon village, and how such capitals contribute to resiliency. The methodology assumes that people are experts regarding their own lives, and can voice their experiences, concerns and views of both the past and the future through imagery that speaks through and for them. This study shows that participants focus on the lack and erosion of CCs, yet, despite this, the Paramaca society displays resiliency. The Paramaca Maroon community is able to articulate its demands within the corporate decision-making process on sustainable community development, primarily by adapting their political organization to the new reality and by mobilizing their intangible capitals, such as social, cultural, human, political capital, in the face of exogenous stressors and disruptions.
Sonic hedgehog-dependent activation of adventitial fibroblasts promotes neointima formation
Authors: Dutzmann Jochen , Koch Alexander , Weisheit Simona , Sonnenschein Kristina , Korte Laura , Haertlé Marco , Thum Thomas , Bauersachs Johann , Sedding Daniel G , Daniel Jan-Marcus 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimsAdventitial cells have been suggested to contribute to neointima formation, but the functional relevance and the responsible signalling pathways are largely unknown. Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is a regulator of vasculogenesis and promotes angiogenesis in the adult.Methods and resultsHere we show that proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) after wire-induced injury in C57BL/6 mice is preceded by proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts. Simultaneously, the expression of Shh and its downstream signalling protein smoothened (SMO) were robustly increased within injured arteries. In vitro, combined stimulation with Shh and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB strongly induced proliferation and migration of human adventitial fibroblasts. The supernatant of these activated fibroblasts contained high levels of interleukin-6 and -8 and strongly induced proliferation and migration of SMC. Inhibition of SMO selectively prevented fibroblast proliferation, cytokine release, and paracrine SMC activation. Mechanistically, we found that PDGF-BB activates protein kinase A in fibroblasts and thereby induces trafficking of SMO to the plasma membrane, where it can be activated by Shh. In vivo, SMO-inhibition significantly prevented the proliferation of adventitial fibroblasts and neointima formation following wire-induced injury.ConclusionsThe initial activation of adventitial fibroblasts is essential for the subsequent proliferation of SMC and neointima formation. We identified SMO-dependent Shh signalling as a specific process for the activation of adventitial fibroblasts.
Mathematical Modeling of “Chronic” Infectious Diseases: Unpacking the Black Box
Authors: Fojo Anthony T , Kendall Emily A , Kasaie Parastu , Shrestha Sourya , Louis Thomas A , Dowdy David W 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundMathematical models are increasingly used to understand the dynamics of infectious diseases, including “chronic” infections with long generation times. Such models include features that are obscure to most clinicians and decision-makers.MethodsUsing a model of a hypothetical active case-finding intervention for tuberculosis in India as an example, we illustrate the effects on model results of different choices for model structure, input parameters, and calibration process.ResultsUsing the same underlying data, different transmission models produced different estimates of the projected intervention impact on tuberculosis incidence by 2030 with different corresponding uncertainty ranges. We illustrate the reasons for these differences and present a simple guide for clinicians and decision-makers to evaluate models of infectious diseases.ConclusionsMathematical models of chronic infectious diseases must be understood to properly inform policy decisions. Improved communication between modelers and consumers is critical if model results are to improve the health of populations.
Nonassociative Learning in Invertebrates
Authors: Yu Alex J. , Rankin Catharine H. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Nonassociative learning has been extensively studied in many invertebrate species for several decades. Habituation and sensitization are ubiquitously observed in different species, and observations of these behavioral plasticities have greatly contributed to the theoretical work to characterize nonassociative learning. Here, we review the rich body of literature in invertebrate nonassociative learning research. Investigations of the underpinnings of nonassociative learning in a variety of invertebrate species have demonstrated that conserved neural and molecular mechanisms are common despite the diversity of phylogeny. Nonassociative learning appears to be biologically essential and evolutionarily adaptive. Mechanisms of learning and memory uncovered in the studies of nonassociative learning in invertebrate species reviewed here have also been shown to be conserved in vertebrate systems and also play important roles in more complex forms of learning.
Flatworm Neurobiology in the Postgenomic Era
Authors: McVeigh Paul , Maule Aaron G. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Flatworm nervous systems comprise central and peripheral components that facilitate coordinated and complex behaviors that are modulated by physiological status and sensory input. The absence of a body cavity in flatworms enhances their dependence on neuronal signaling for intercellular communication. Significant advances have been made in our understanding of the neurobiology of flatworms, largely through the growth in genomic/transcriptomic resources and some progress in the development of functional genomics tools. This chapter describes the “state of the art” of flatworm neurobiology with a primary focus on the recent advances made in parasitic flatworms where progress has been driven by the search for new targets for chemotherapeutics.
Quentin Skinner, The Foundations of Modern Political Thought
Authors: Herzog Don 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In The Foundations of Modern Political Thought, Quentin Skinner has three aims: creating a sort of reference book for hundreds of primary texts in multiple languages, illuminating a more general historical theme using late medieval and early modern political texts, and giving us a history of political thought with a genuinely historical character. Skinner allows us to see political theorists creatively wrestling with difficult political problems of their day, and attempting to solve them through their writing. Skinner’s critics, however, cannot shake the sense that placing these texts in historical contexts robs them of some of their profundity and value as works of political theory. This chapter examines some of Skinner’s treatments of particular authors, notes some difficulties with the book’s methods, and situates the debate around Foundations within the emergence of a self-conscious Cambridge School.
Jürgen Habermas,Between Facts and Norms
Authors: Chambers Simone 
Published: August 2017

AbstractJürgen Habermas’s Between Facts and Norms purports to offer a new way of understanding law and democracy in liberal orders. The scale and ambition of the book matches Hegel’s Philosophy of Right but the take-home message is neo-Kantian: our future depends on getting the right balance between the protection of individual autonomy and the promotion of collective solidarity in the democratic self-organization of our political communities. This chapter unpacks and demystifies the difficult arguments of this book and offers a sympathetic interpretation of Habermas’s political philosophy, including its theory of legitimacy and its connection to his discourse ethics. The core claim assessed in this chapter is that the modern legal system cannot function properly without the support of radical democracy.