bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PERAN GANDANG TASA DALAM MEMBANGUN SEMANGAT DAN SUASANA PADA PERTUNJUKAN TABUIK DI PARIAMAN
Authors: . Asril 
Published: November 2016

Performing Tabuik in society Pariaman, West Sumatra, is a tradition of cultural influence of Shi’ite Islam that has inherited the local community since about two centuries ago. Tabuik performances are “heroic” and colossal. Pariaman society presented this performance by presenting two Tabuik support group. In certain parts of the performance, these two groups are presented opposite each other. One of the most important elements in each Tabuik performance is gandang tasa, the percussion ensemble. Gandang Tasa role in a variety of contexts and series of performances Tabuik. Gandang tasa most important role is to build the spirit of supporting performances that can trigger mood Tabuik be “hot”, especially on hard-dimensional performances, so that it will make a massive fight among the supporters of Tabuik. The method used in this study is a qualitative method that emphasizes the role of the drum in the quality of every part of the Tabuik performance which refers to a variety of atmosphere that was built in the Tabuik perfomance. Gandang Tasa be decisive in establishing the spirit, atmosphere, and the dynamics in each performance of Tabuik.
DUALISME EKONOMI PADA KREDIT RAKYAT DI YOGYAKARTA PADA TAHUN 1912-1990
Authors: Akhyat Arif 
Published: November 2016

The development of capitalism idea during the colonial prior to the New Order periods need a broader understanding of an historical analysis of popular credit case in Yogyakarta 1912-1990. The establishment of bank in Yogyakarta was already accomplished in the sense that it was owned and managed by state and it sell a large proportion of credit products on the open of financial system in villages. Using the historical critical method, this research seems to be the most appropriate for obtaining meaningful information on descriptions, dynamics, changes and tendencies of the functional relationship between credit systems, state authority and the process of economic transformation in the region of Yogyakarta. Designing with the capitalism system, government credit system was not able to increase a village economy position in Yogyakarta. Popular Credit in the years of 1912-1990 as this research mentioned, is far from what villagers need. Banking system, in practices, was designed to create and produce a subsisten economy. The dual economy experiences of popular credit in Yogyakarta historically had given the state to be the hegemony holder. Popular credit is no more or less as the construct of economic boundaries under the concept of colonialism
Low-level laser therapy effectiveness in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement: A randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: AlSayed Hasan Mohammad Moaffak A. , Sultan Kinda , Hamadah Omar 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Objective:
To evaluate the effectiveness of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement of crowded maxillary incisors.

Materials and Methods:
This two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial involved 26 patients with severe to extreme maxillary incisors irregularity according to Little's irregularity index, indicating two first premolars extraction. Patients were randomly assigned to either the laser group or the control group (13 each). Following premolars extraction, orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances was initiated for both groups. Immediately after insertion of the first archwire, patients in the laser group received a LLL dose from an 830-nm wavelength Ga-Al-As semiconductor laser device with energy of 2 J/point. The laser was applied to each maxillary incisor's root at four points (two buccal, two palatal). Application was repeated on days 3, 7, 14, and then every 15 days starting from the second month until the end of the leveling and alignment stage. Alignment progress was evaluated on the study casts taken before inserting the first archwire (T0), after 1 month of treatment commencement (T1), after 2 months (T2), and at the end of the leveling and alignment stage (T3). The outcome measures were the overall time needed for leveling and alignment and the leveling and alignment improvement percentage.

Results:
A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in the overall treatment time (P &lt; .001) and the leveling and alignment improvement percentage at T1 (P = .004) and T2; (P = .001).

Conclusion:
LLLT is an effective method for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.
Cultivation of Oyster Mushroom: A Sustainable Approach of Rural Development in Nepal
Authors: Pokhrel Chandra P. 
Published: November 2016

This study attempts to investigate the easily acceptable and low cost technology of Oyster mushroom cultivation. Locally and easily available substrates such as corn cob, vegetable residue and waste paper were examined with the supplementation of rice bran and chicken manure separately. During the study mycelial growth, spawn run, pin head formation, yield and biological efficiency were observed. Best mycelial extension, early pin head formation and better yield were observed in corn cob substrate followed by paper waste and vegetable residue. Among the substrates used, corn cob showed the highest yield with range from 99.08 to 109.50 % biological efficiency, whereas 69.81 to 88.36 % and 52.26 to 65.22 % biological efficiency was observed in paper waste and vegetable residue respectively. Rice bran was the best supplement for the promotion of growth and development of Oyster mushroom. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVol. 21, No. 1, 2016, page:56-60
Population Structure of Rhododendron Campanulatum D. Don and Associated Tree Species along the Elevational Gradient of Manaslu Conservation Area, Nepal
Authors: Rana Prabina , Koirala Madan , Bhuju Dinesh Raj , Boonchird Chuenchit 
Published: November 2016

Climate change is affecting the forest ecosystems worldwide. Impacts of climate change are more perceptible at higher altitudes and can be easily detected along the elevational gradient. The main aim is to study the impact of elevation on the population structure of Rhododendron campanulatum D. Don and associated trees species at Manaslu Conservation Area, central Nepal. A total of 30 quadrats were sampled from 3600-4100 meter above sea level (m asl.) at altitudinal difference of 100 m with 5 quadrates in each altitude. The present study showed that R. campanulatum, Betula utilis, Abies spectabilis and Sorbus microphylla are the treeline species. R. campanulatum was the most dominant species with highest importance value index (IVI) along the altitudinal gradient. At 4000 m asl. S. microphylla was the codominant species. B. utilis was the codominant species at 3600 -3900 m asl followed by S. microphylla and A. spectabilis. R. campanulatum and A. spectabilis showed a sustainable regeneration. No seedling of B. utilis was found along the altitudinal gradient indicating that the regeneration of this species might be affected by unfavourable micohabitat (eg. deep shade). R. campanulatum and S. microphylla were found above the treeline indicating that the climatic conditions were favourable for their growth. The height, diameter and density of the species differed along the elevational gradient and showed a species specific trend. Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVol. 21, No. 1, 2016, page:
STRATOSFEROS-TROPOSFEROS SĄVEIKOS ĮTAKA ŠALČIO ANOMALIJŲ FORMAVIMUISI RYTINIAME BALTIJOS REGIONE
Authors: Gečaitė Indrė 
Published: November 2016

Esant anomaliems / ekstremaliems šalčiams iškyla pavojus žmonių sveikatai ir gyvybei, taip pat tai turi neigiamos įtakos transportui, komunikacijoms, turizmui bei kitoms veiklos sritims. Šiame darbe pateikiama anomalių šalčio periodų pasikartojimo statistika 1951–2013 m. rytiniame Baltijos regione bei įvertintas atmosferos cirkuliacijos tipų dažnis jų metu. Nustatyta, jog vyraujant šalčio anomalijoms daug dažnesnis anticikloninės cirkuliacijos pasikartojimas ir rytų krypties pernaša. Tokio pobūdžio meteorologinės sąlygos taip pat turi didelės įtakos oro kokybei: anticiklonai bei jų gūbriai ties didmiesčiais su didele taršos šaltinių koncentracija gali padidinti bendrą oro užterštumą. Akivaizdu, jog intensyvių šalčių periodų ilgalaikių prognozių tobulinimas labai pasitarnautų tiek socialiniam, tiek ekonominiam bei energetikos sektoriui, iš anksto įgyvendinant prevencines priemones.Šio darbo tikslas – nustatyti galimą stratosferos-troposferos sąveikos mechanizmą, kuris prisidėtų sprendžiant ilgalaikių žiemos orų prognozių tobulinimo problemą bei leistų tiksliau įvertinti galimus orų pokyčius iš mėnesio perspektyvos. Darbe įvertinti trijų dimensijų aukštyneigiai ir žemyneigiai planetinio masto bangų dinaminiai srautai tarp troposferos ir stratosferos bei jų divergencija horizontalioje plokštumoje. Skaičiavimai atlikti naudojant modelį, kuris sudarytas remiantis R. A. Plumbo pasiūlytu algoritmu.
DIFFUSIVE COSMIC RAY ACCELERATION AT RELATIVISTIC SHOCK WAVES WITH MAGNETOSTATIC TURBULENCE. II. INFLUENCE OF A FINITE DOWNSTREAM MEDIUM
Authors: Antecki T. , Schlickeiser R. , Krakau S. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The diffusive acceleration of relativistic cosmic rays at parallel shock waves with magnetostatic turbulence and a finite size of the downstream medium is investigated. For ultrarelativistic shock speeds with Lorentz factor

, both the differential momentum spectrum at the shock and the volume-integrated momentum spectrum are power-law distribution functions with different spectral indices as compared to the case of an infinitely extended downstream medium. However, the spectral differences are only modest as compared to the case of nonrelativistic shocks. The behavior of the momentum spectrum of shock-accelerated particles depends sensitively on the relativistic shock wave Peclet number

, i.e., the ratio between the diffusion and convection timescales of cosmic rays to propagate from the shock position to the downstream boundary z
0. For large values of

the free-escape boundary has no influence on the effectiveness of particle acceleration, still providing a flat momentum power-law spectrum of the accelerated particles. In the opposite case of small Peclet numbers

at all momenta, the momentum spectrum at the shock steepens to the greater spectral index

, whereas the volume-integrated momentum spectrum flattens by the same factor

for its power-law spectral index, where s denotes the spectral index of the downstream power spectrum of magnetostatic turbulence. This effectiveness of relativistic shocks in generating flat power-law momentum spectra irrespective of the Peclet number

differs completely from the behavior of nonrelativistic shocks.
MODEL ATMOSPHERES FOR X-RAY BURSTING NEUTRON STARS
Authors: Medin Zach , Steinkirch Marina von , Calder Alan C. , Fontes Christopher J. , Fryer Chris L. , Hungerford Aimee L. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The hydrogen and helium accreted by X-ray bursting neutron stars is periodically consumed in runaway thermonuclear reactions that cause the entire surface to glow brightly in X-rays for a few seconds. With models of the emission, the mass and radius of the neutron star can be inferred from the observations. By simultaneously probing neutron star masses and radii, X-ray bursts (XRBs) are one of the strongest diagnostics of the nature of matter at extremely high densities. Accurate determinations of these parameters are difficult, however, due to the highly non-ideal nature of the atmospheres where XRBs occur. Observations from X-ray telescopes such as RXTE and NuStar can potentially place strong constraints on nuclear matter once uncertainties in atmosphere models have been reduced. Here we discuss current progress on modeling atmospheres of X-ray bursting neutron stars and some of the challenges still to be overcome.
THE SPECTRAL SN-GRB CONNECTION: SYSTEMATIC SPECTRAL COMPARISONS BETWEEN TYPE Ic SUPERNOVAE AND BROAD-LINED TYPE Ic SUPERNOVAE WITH AND WITHOUT GAMMA-RAY BURSTS
Authors: Modjaz Maryam , Liu Yuqian Q. , Bianco Federica B. , Graur Or 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the first systematic investigation of spectral properties of 17 Type Ic Supernovae (SNe Ic), 10 broad-lined SNe Ic (SNe Ic-bl) without observed gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), and 11 SNe Ic-bl with GRBs (SN-GRBs) as a function of time in order to probe their explosion conditions and progenitors. Using a number of novel methods, we analyze a total of 407 spectra, which were drawn from published spectra of individual SNe as well as from the densely time-sampled spectra of Modjaz et al (2014). In order to quantify the diversity of the SN spectra as a function of SN subtype, we construct average spectra of SNe Ic, SNe Ic-bl without GRBs, and SNe Ic-bl with GRBs. We find that SN 1994I is not a typical SN Ic, contrasting the general view, while the spectra of SN 1998bw/GRB 980425 are representative of mean spectra of SNe Ic-bl. We measure the ejecta absorption and width velocities using a new method described here and find that SNe Ic-bl with GRBs, on average, have quantifiably higher absorption velocities, as well as broader line widths than SNe without observed GRBs. In addition, we search for correlations between SN-GRB spectral properties and the energies of their accompanying GRBs. Finally, we show that the absence of clear He lines in optical spectra of SNe Ic-bl, and in particular of SN-GRBs, is not due to them being too smeared-out due to the high velocities present in the ejecta. This implies that the progenitor stars of SN-GRBs are probably free of the He-layer, in addition to being H-free, which puts strong constraints on the stellar evolutionary paths needed to produce such SN-GRB progenitors at the observed low metallicities.
UNIVERSE IN A BLACK HOLE IN EINSTEIN–CARTAN GRAVITY
Authors: Popławski Nikodem 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
The conservation law for the angular momentum in curved spacetime, consistent with relativistic quantum mechanics, requires that the antisymmetric part of the affine connection (torsion tensor) is a variable in the principle of least action. The coupling between the spin of elementary particles and torsion in the Einstein–Cartan theory of gravity generates gravitational repulsion at extremely high densities in fermionic matter, approximated as a spin fluid, and thus avoids the formation of singularities in black holes. The collapsing matter in a black hole should therefore bounce at a finite density and then expand into a new region of space on the other side of the event horizon, which may be regarded as a nonsingular, closed universe. We show that quantum particle production caused by an extremely high curvature near a bounce can create enormous amounts of matter, produce entropy, and generate a finite period of exponential expansion (inflation) of this universe. This scenario can thus explain inflation without a scalar field and reheating. We show that, depending on the particle production rate, such a universe may undergo several nonsingular bounces until it has enough matter to reach a size at which the cosmological constant starts cosmic acceleration. The last bounce can be regarded as the big bang of this universe.
REVERSED TREND OF RADIAL DISTRIBUTION OF SUBPOPULATIONS IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTERS NGC 362 AND NGC 6723
Authors: Lim Dongwook , Lee Young-Wook , Pasquato Mario , Han Sang-Il , Roh Dong-Goo 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
Most globular clusters (GCs) are now known to host multiple stellar populations with different abundances of light elements. Here we use narrow-band photometry and low-resolution spectroscopy for NGC 362 and NGC 6723 to investigate their chemical properties and radial distributions of subpopulations. We confirm that NGC 362 and NGC 6723 are among the GCs with multiple populations showing bimodal CN distribution and CN–CH anticorrelation without a significant spread in calcium abundance. These two GCs show more centrally concentrated CN-weak, earlier generation stars compared to the CN-strong, later generation stars. These trends are reversed with respect to those found in previous studies for many other GCs. Our findings, therefore, seem contradictory to the current scenario for the formation of multiple stellar populations, but mass segregation acting on the two subpopulations might be a possible solution to explain this reversed radial trend.
A Class of Abstract Linear Representations for Convolution Function Algebras over Homogeneous Spaces of Compact Groups
Authors: Ghaani Farashahi Arash 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper introduces a class of abstract linear representations on Banach convolution function algebras over homogeneous spaces of compact groups. LetGbe a compact group andHa closed subgroup ofG. Letμbe the normalizedG-invariant measure over the compact homogeneous spaceG/Hassociated with Weil's formula and. We then present a structured class of abstract linear representations of the Banach convolution function algebrasLp(G/H,μ).
Inferring 222Rn soil fluxes from ambient 222Rn activity and eddy covariance measurements of CO2
Authors: van der Laan Sander , Manohar Swagath , Vermeulen Alex , Bosveld Fred , Meijer Harro , Manning Andrew , van der Molen Michiel , van der Laan-Luijkx Ingrid 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. We present a new methodology, which we call Single Pair of Observations Technique with Eddy Covariance (SPOT-EC), to estimate regional-scale surface fluxes of 222Rn from tower-based observations of 222Rn activity concentration, CO2 mole fractions and direct CO2 flux measurements from eddy covariance. For specific events, the regional (222Rn) surface flux is calculated from short-term changes in ambient (222Rn) activity concentration scaled by the ratio of the mean CO2 surface flux for the specific event to the change in its observed mole fraction. The resulting 222Rn surface emissions are integrated in time (between the moment of observation and the last prior background levels) and space (i.e. over the footprint of the observations). The measurement uncertainty obtained is about ±15 % for diurnal events and about ±10 % for longer-term (e.g. seasonal or annual) means. The method does not provide continuous observations, but reliable daily averages can be obtained. We applied our method to in situ observations from two sites in the Netherlands: Cabauw station (CBW) and Lutjewad station (LUT). For LUT, which is an intensive agricultural site, we estimated a mean 222Rn surface flux of (0.29 ± 0.02) atoms cm−2 s−1 with values  > 0.5 atoms cm−2 s−1 to the south and south-east. For CBW we estimated a mean 222Rn surface flux of (0.63 ± 0.04) atoms cm−2 s−1. The highest values were observed to the south-west, where the soil type is mainly river clay. For both stations good agreement was found between our results and those from measurements with soil chambers and two recently published 222Rn soil flux maps for Europe. At both sites, large spatial and temporal variability of 222Rn surface fluxes were observed which would be impractical to measure with a soil chamber. SPOT-EC, therefore, offers an important new tool for estimating regional-scale 222Rn surface fluxes. Practical applications furthermore include calibration of process-based 222Rn soil flux models, validation of atmospheric transport models and performing regional-scale inversions, e.g. of greenhouse gases via the SPOT 222Rn-tracer method.
Genetic variation and relationships of old maize genotypes (Zea mays L.) detected using SDS-page
Authors: Vivodí­k Martin , Gálová Zdenka , Balážová Želmí­ra , Petrovičová Lenka , Kuťka Hlozáková Tí­mea 
Published: November 2016

The assessment of genetic diversity among the members of a species is of vital importance for successful breeding and adaptability. In the present study 40 old genotypes of maize from Hungary, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Slovak Republic were evaluated for the total seed storage proteins using sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) through vertical slab unit. The number of total scorable protein bands was twentythree as a result of SDS-PAGE technique but those that were not cosistent in reproducibility and showed occasional variation in sharpness and density were not considered. Out of twentythree polypeptide bands, 6 (31%) were commonly present in all accessions and considered as monomorphic, while 17 (65%) showed variations and considered as polymorphic. On the basis of banding profiles of proteins of different kDa, gel was divided into zones A, B and C. The major protein bands were lied in zones A and B, while minor bands were present in zones C. In zone A out of 10 protein bands, 1 were monomorphic and 9 were polymorphic. In zone B out of 8 protein bands, 3 was monomorphic and 5 was polymorphic and in zone C out of 5 protein bands, 2 were monomorphic whereas 3 polymorphic. The dendrogram tree demonstrated the relationship among the forty registered old maize genotypes according to the similarity index, using UPGMA cluster analysis. The dendrogram was divided into two main clusters. The first one contained eleven genotypes from maize, while the second cluster contained the twentynine genotypes of maize. Similarly the present study of genetic variability in the seed storage polypeptide determined by SDS-PAGE technique proved that it is fruitful to identify genetic diversity among accessions of maize.
Texture quality of muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) From different retailers during storage
Authors: Bobková Alica , Šnirc Marek , Král Martin , Oštádalová Martina , Pokorná Jana , Fekete Tomáš , Belej Ľubomí­r 
Published: November 2016

The subject of study was to assess and to compare the effect of storage time on flesh firmness and skin strength in muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) obtained from supermarket and marketplace. Texture quality of fruit is considered to be the major determinant for customer preference that depends on harvesting maturity and proper storage conditions of fruit and its fresh-cuts. Changes in flesh firmness and skin strength were measured periodically in stored fresh-cut fruits in both groups for initial, 2nd, 5th and 6th day. Analysis of basic physical parameters revealed that muskmelons from marketplace had higher height and width perimeter and therefore also a higher weight, compared to those ones from supermarkets. Textural analysis pointed out to significant differences (p <0.05) in flesh firmness among initial day group and all tested groups from 2nd, 5th and 6th day in muskmelons from supermarket. In marketplace muskmelon group was observed significant difference (p <0.05) between samples from initial day and 5th day. Within the skin strength, there were demonstrated significant differences (p <0.05) between initial day and most of remaining storage days in both supermarket and marketplace muskmelons groups. The data for flesh firmness and skin strength were used in linear regression analysis, in order to evaluate trends during storage period. The correlation coefficients of linear model describing relationship between storage time and skin strength for the group of supermarket and marketplace muskmelons were r = -0.828 and r = -0.780, respectively, which indicated approximately equal relationship between time and skin strength in both tested groups. A strong inverse correlation (r = -0.816) between time and flesh firmness in the group of supermarket muskmelons was noticed. In the group of marketplace muskmelons, there was observed weaker inverse correlation (r = -0.441) within this relation, compared to commercial ones. The model revealed that the muskmelons from marketplace retailers tend to maintain the flesh firmness for a longer time than did commercial ones. The melon flesh quality was markedly changing during storage period and highly depends on the muskmelon origin.