bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Developing a screening tool for offenders with intellectual disabilities – the RAPID
Authors: Ali Salma , Galloway Scott 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline and report on the initial development of a screening tool for offenders with suspected intellectual disability (ID) known as the rapid assessment of potential intellectual disability (RAPID).

Design/methodology/approach
This paper summarises the wider literature in relation to screening tools and methodology, indicating that quick and easy screening measures for this population are sparse. It outlines the processes involved in the early stages of developing an evidence-based screening tool for ID offenders, and an overall pathway approach to the identification, assessment and diagnosis of ID.

Findings
It is possible to develop a tool that can be used to identify potential ID with relative ease. The RAPID screening tool provided practitioners with a simple and easy measure to identify such individuals so that they may be referred for further specialist assessment. It has also demonstrated that it is an effective measure in identifying offenders with a possible ID.

Research limitations/implications
Formal statistical validation of this tool will serve to establish and measure its overall effectiveness and utility, further encouraging the timely identification of ID offenders.

Originality/value
This paper responds to current extensive literature about the variability of screening measures, and provides an effective solution to the identification of vulnerable offenders. Those who may benefit from an assessment of ID, and thereafter reasonable adjustments and alternatives to custodial sentencing are considered.
The impact of DNA on criminal investigation
Authors: Dale Colin 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the discovery of the application of DNA profiling to the criminal justice system.

Design/methodology/approach
Researching the origins of the discovery of the application of DNA to the criminal justice system via an analysis of the first case in which it was applied to.

Findings
It was discovered that the first application of DNA profiling to the criminal justice system meant that a young man with intellectual disabilities was saved from wrongful prosecution. The case study also raises ethical issues concerning the mass screening of targeted populations by way of DNA.

Originality/value
The case study is descriptive in nature and draws from earlier work describing the events which unfolded.
Working towards co-production in rehabilitation and recovery services
Authors: Freeman Laura Rachel , Waldman Michelle , Storey Judith , Williams Marie , Griffiths Claire , Hopkins Kevin , Beer Elizabeth , Bidmead Lily , Davies Jason 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline the work of a service provider, service user and carer group created to develop a strategy for service user and carer co-production.

Design/methodology/approach
A reflective narrative account is given of the process through which the group formed and began to develop a working model aimed at shaping a cultural shift towards more co-produced services. The paper has been co-produced and includes the collaborative voices of service users, carers, multi-disciplinary staff, third-sector representatives, managers and colleagues from associated services.

Findings
The model developed outlines three stages for services to work through in order to achieve meaningful and sustainable co-produced services. The importance of developing associated policies related to such areas as recruitment, payment, support and training is also outlined. Challenges to co-production are noted along with suggested approaches to overcoming these.

Originality/value
The ethos of co-production is relatively new in the UK and so knowledge of the process and model may help guide others undertaking similar work.
The transpiring journey of customer engagement research in marketing
Authors: Islam Jamid Ul , Rahman Zillur 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
To understand how customer engagement has been researched in the last decade, the purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic review of customer engagement research in the existing literature, derive a comprehensive definition of customer engagement and summarize few important and basic issues that future research should address.

Design/methodology/approach
An extensive literature review was carried out on customer engagement spread over 38 journals identified from online academic databases of Scopus, Emerald, EBSCOS and Science Direct. A total of 66 conceptual and empirical articles on customer engagement research spanning from 2005 to 2015 were analyzed based on different classification schemes.

Findings
Customer engagement is becoming a key concept in marketing. Customer engagement is a multi-dimensional concept comprising of cognitive, emotional, behavioral and social dimensions. The theoretical foundations of this concept predominantly lie with relationship marketing and service-dominant logic. Research on customer engagement has gained a significant pace in the last six years (2010-2015) but most of the articles on customer engagement have come from developed countries.

Research limitations/implications
By providing the distribution schema of customer engagement articles based on different criteria and by highlighting the future research avenues, this study is believed to serve as a valuable tool for researchers to understand the current scenario of customer engagement research in the marketing discipline and take this research area forward. This study acknowledges limitations with respect to its exclusive search criteria, which might affect its generalizability.

Practical implications
This study exhibits the favorable outcomes organizations can derive by building and managing an engaged customer base. The more an organization knows about how to engage its customers, the better adept it will be to enact so. Therefore, understanding customer engagement is imperative in that regard; this review will help organizations comprehend that better.

Originality/value
This is the first systematic review of customer engagement that provides a detailed understanding of the current state of customer engagement research on a single platform and also draws a comprehensive customer engagement conceptualization.
Toward a typology of exit strategies
Authors: Xie Xuanli , Ma Hao , Lu Xiaohui 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to advance a proactive perspective on business exit and develop a typology of exit strategies.Design/methodology/approachThis is a research paper, which builds on extant theoretical and empirical research.FindingsBusiness exit, along with entry, is an integral part of corporate strategy that a firm could utilize to reshuffle its business portfolio and embrace new opportunities. In today’s changing environment characterized by high uncertainty and high velocity, it becomes increasingly important for firms to manage business exit deliberately and proficiently. The traditional perspective which generally perceives exits as failures or responses to failures is no longer sufficient. A proactive perspective on exit could be advanced to better inform exit research and practice. Adopting the dynamic capabilities approach, this paper develops a typology of four exit strategies – retreat, redeploy, realign, and reconfigure – and examines the essential tasks of these strategies as well as the corresponding dynamic capabilities required for their successful implementation.Originality/valueThe proactive perspective advanced in this paper systematically coalesces and elaborates on extant research and formally advocates the importance and feasibility of proactive exit. The typology offered not only helps integrate the dynamic capabilities approach with exit research but also helps better inform exit practice.
Social networks, vertical core competencies and sales management in Korea
Authors: Horak Sven , Nihalani Katrin 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of informal Korean social networks (Yongo) on sales activities in Korea, by focussing in particular on required vertical core competencies.Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw on expert interview data gathered in Korea in two waves (2009 and 2012). Whereas first-wave interviews served to identify the influence ofYongoon sales management in general, second-wave interviews data – gathered from a Korean auto maker, a Korean supplier, and an international supplier – served to derive vertical core competencies vital for sales executives in Korea.FindingsThe authors findYongoto be an indispensable aspect of relationship management in Korea. Further, the authors propose ten vertical core competencies and skills sales managers in Korea need to possess, e.g., respecting strong hierarchical supplier-customer relations, the ability to engage in relational contracts, establish trustful relationships, and perform in a risk-taking manner in a dynamic environment.Originality/valueSo far neitherYongonor its impact on successful sales management in Korea has been analyzed. Hence, this research provides initial insights into the modes of action ofYongoin sales management, which is of particular importance for management consultants and international sales managers and executives.
Dispensing pleasantries? Responding to legitimacy and reputation in online medical marijuana marketing
Authors: Washburn Mark , Klein Kenji 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to develop theory regarding reputation and legitimacy signaling by organizations in contested emerging fields characterized by category ambiguity. Because impression management becomes increasingly important as category boundaries become fuzzy, the authors examine how highly participatory audiences in contested emerging fields respond to organizational attempts to seek acceptance and manage impressions.Design/methodology/approachUsing a database of web-based advertisements by 1,226 medical marijuana dispensaries, the authors test the effect that dispensary attempts to signal either legitimacy or reputation have on audience approval.FindingsThe authors find that audiences react differently to communication strategies intended to build reputation vs those intended to build legitimacy. Under conditions of highly contested category legitimation, audiences respond positively to signals of legitimacy but negatively to signals of reputation.Originality/valueThis study advances the understanding of category emergence and category building under conditions of contestation. The study adds to the growing body of work that suggests category creation involves unique collaborative processes between organizations and audiences, and the authors show that these processes constrain organizational attempts at impression management.
Preparation of waterborne P-N containing epoxy resin curing and its performances
Authors: Li Wei , Xu Guilong , Xu Buqin , Wang Yi , Yang Jin , Hu Jian 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
The flammability of epoxy resin is a major disadvantage in applications that require flame resistance. Epoxy monomers and hardeners containing flame-retardant elements are molecularly incorporated in the resin network are expected to exhibit better flame resistance than those borne on an additive approach. In recent years, because of health and environmental regulation, the use of waterborne coatings has received many attentions. However, waterborne epoxy resin curing agent with excellent flame retardancy has been seldom reported. The paper aims to study the preparation of waterborne P-N-containing epoxy resin curing agent and its performances (P-N – phosphorous and nitrogen).

Design/methodology/approach
Waterborne P-N-containing epoxy curing agent was prepared in this study using reactive flame retardant 10-(2,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-9,10-dihydro-9-xa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide, liquid epoxy resin, triethylenetetramine and butyl glycidyl ether at the mole ratio of 1.0:2.0:2.0:2.0.

Findings
The results show that the epoxy thermoset from the prepared P-N-containing curing agent presents good flame retardancy and can pass the V-1 rating, and the cured epoxy thermoset film presents excellent performances such as water resistance, adhesion, impact resistance and pencil hardness. This study provides useful suggestions for the application of the water-borne flame retardancy epoxy resins in coating industry.

Research limitations/implications
Each step of products during the preparation of waterborne P-N-containing epoxy curing agent cannot be accurately tested.

Originality/value
This method for synthesis of waterborne P-N-containing epoxy curing agent is novel and could be used for various applications in epoxy coating industry.
Preparation of PEG-rosin derivative for water soluble rosin flux
Authors: Phaphon Kanlaya , Wacharasindhu Sumrit , Petsom Amorn 
Published: September 2016

PurposeThis study aims to synthesize polyethylene glycol (PEG)-rosin derivatives from rosin and PEG for the production of solid soldering fluxes. The PEG-rosin derivatives would be water soluble, and the resulting solid soldering fluxes would have reasonable wetting ability when combined with a low-halide-content activator.Design/methodology/approachThis paper presents a synthetic process for PEG-rosin derivatives. The reaction conditions (including catalyst type, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and PEG type) were optimized for the synthesis of PEG-rosin derivatives. The chemical and physical properties of PEG-rosin derivatives were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry and gel permeation chromatography. The production and characteristics of water-soluble rosin fluxes (WSRFs) were studied according to the standards of the Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) Committees.FindingsWSRs were successfully synthesized from rosin and PEG using 2 per cent ZnO as a catalyst, with a 2:1 molar ratio of rosin:PEG at 250°C over 9 h. The resulting WSRs were completely soluble in water. As the PEG3000-rosin had the highest melting point (55.2°C), it was chosen for the preparation of the WSRFs. Activators such as succinic acid, glutaric acid, ethylamine hydrochloride and diethylamine hydrobromide were selected for use in the production of the fluxes. It was found that WSRF 09 and WSRF 04 gave the best performance with the lead-free Sn-0.7Cu solder alloy in terms of good solderability, low halide content (less than 1,500 ppm), high insulation resistance and low corrosion. These fluxes were applied to produce solder pastes with Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu alloy and they passed the performance tests as expected for solder paste.Research limitations/implicationsFurther studies are necessary on large-scale production and to compare the performance of these fluxes to those from conventional water-soluble fluxes currently available in the market. Application of these fluxes on low-temperature solder alloys such as SnZn and SnBi (Renet al., 2016) worth further study.Originality/valueThe classification of flux systems according to the JIS 3283 standard does not specify PEG-rosin derivatives in the flux; nevertheless, ranking of the flux systems based on the halide content and corrosion properties of activators would be useful information when selecting flux systems for electronics soldering in water-washable applications. The application of these fluxes in solder paste gave very promising results and is worth investigating into more detail, as well as field test.
Human activities and biodiversity opportunities in pre‐industrial cultural landscapes: relevance to conservation
Authors: Fuller Robert J. , Williamson Tom , Barnes Gerry , Dolman Paul M. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryConservation practices in Europe frequently attempt to perpetuate or mimic the ‘traditional’ forms of management of semi‐natural habitats, but with a limited understanding of what these entailed.We review the emerging understanding of ecological processes, structures and management interventions that enhance biodiversity (wildlife) at diverse scales. These are then examined in the context of pre‐industrial (c. 1200–1750) land management systems in lowland England, in order to identify historic practices which are likely to have provided important wildlife resources, but which are relatively neglected in current conservation management.Principles enhancing alpha and beta diversity and the conservation status of threatened species include structural complexity and heterogeneity at nested spatial scales; physical disturbance and exposure of mineral substrate; nutrient removal; lengthened successional rotations; and spatial variation in grazing regimes.The available evidence suggests that pre‐industrial land management was generally characterized by intense resource exploitation and significant levels of biomass harvest; complex nested structural heterogeneity both between and within landscape elements; overlaying of multiple land uses; and spatial and temporal variability in management, rendering the concept of long‐lived ‘traditional’ practice problematic. Grazing patterns are poorly understood, but intensive grazing was probably the norm in most contexts, potentially resulting in simplified sward structures and suppressed ecotonal vegetation.In much of the pre‐industrial period, early‐successional and disturbed microhabitats were widespread, but ungrazed or lightly grazed herb‐rich vegetation may have been limited, the converse of current conservation management. The key change since then has been homogenization at multiple scales, coupled with reduction of specific niches and conditions.Synthesis and applications. In adopting perceived ‘traditional’ management practices, modern conservation rarely achieves the range and complexity of conditions that were present in the past. A better understanding of past practices allows more favourable management of those surviving semi‐natural habitats where historic assemblages persist – with greater emphasis on physical disturbance and variability in prescriptions both temporally and spatially. When creating or restoring habitats, after interruption of management sufficiently long for dependent assemblages to be lost, better appreciation of historic management encourages novel forms of intervention to enhance biodiversity, with emphasis on complex structural and spatial heterogeneity at nested scales, biomass removal and nutrient reduction. These strongly management‐based approaches are complementary to the use of large herbivores to create and maintain dynamic ecotonal mosaics in the manner advocated by some proponents of ‘rewilding’.
An occupation‐based, metacognitive approach to assessing error performance and online awareness
Authors: Doig Emmah , Fleming Jenny , Ownsworth Tamara , Fletcher Stephanie 
Published: September 2016

Background/aimOnline awareness is the ability to self‐monitor, identify and self‐correct errors while engaged in an activity. Current assessments of online awareness involve observing and classifying error behaviour during structured, uniform tasks. However, during rehabilitation, practitioners typically work towards improving performance in individually meaningful tasks unique to the client. This article presents a metacognitive, task analytic approach to assessing online awareness involving observation and classification of errors during meaningful occupations determined after client‐centred goal setting with two male clients with severe traumatic brain injury (aged 22 and 23). Study aims were to describe the approach, evaluate its feasibility and determine inter‐rater agreement for error detection and error categorisation by two experienced occupational therapists. Furthermore, the error profiles and cognitive impairments of the participants on standardised neuropsychological assessment were examined to explore the validity of the assessment.MethodsIndividualised assessment tasks included snack preparation, budgeting, timetabling, hot‐drink preparation and use of a computer program, which were administered repeatedly over two to three months and audio‐visual recordings taken. Independent ratings of two trained occupational therapists were compared using exact percent agreement.ResultsOverall agreement about errors was 76%, for which there was 65% agreement about error categorisation and 100% agreement about error correction.ConclusionsThere was fair inter‐rater agreement between two trained occupational therapists of error behaviour and error correction when using the described occupation‐based approach to assessing online awareness. This approach has promise, particularly when combined with standardised, neuropsychological assessments, for providing an in‐depth understanding of error behaviour and awareness of errors during meaningful occupations.
parallelnewhybrid: an R package for the parallelization of hybrid detection using newhybrids
Authors: Wringe Brendan F. , Stanley Ryan R. E. , Jeffery Nicholas W. , Anderson Eric C. , Bradbury Ian R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHybridization among populations and species is a central theme in many areas of biology, and the study of hybridization has direct applicability to testing hypotheses about evolution, speciation and genetic recombination, as well as having conservation, legal and regulatory implications. Yet, despite being a topic of considerable interest, the identification of hybrid individuals, and quantification of the (un)certainty surrounding the identifications, remains difficult. Unlike other programs that exist to identify hybrids based on genotypic information, newhybrids is able to assign individuals to specific hybrid classes (e.g. F1, F2) because it makes use of patterns of gene inheritance within each locus, rather than just the proportions of gene inheritance within each individual. For each comparison and set of markers, multiple independent runs of each data set should be used to develop an estimate of the hybrid class assignment accuracy. The necessity of analysing multiple simulated data sets, constructed from large genomewide data sets, presents significant computational challenges. To address these challenges, we present parallelnewhybrid, an r package designed to decrease user burden when undertaking multiple newhybrids analyses. parallelnewhybrid does so by taking advantage of the parallel computational capabilities inherent in modern computers to efficiently and automatically execute separate newhybrids runs in parallel. We show that parallelization of analyses using this package affords users several‐fold reductions in time over a traditional serial analysis. parallelnewhybrid consists of an example data set, a readme and three operating system‐specific functions to execute parallel newhybrids analyses on each of a computer's c cores. parallelnewhybrid is freely available on the long‐term software hosting site github (www.github.com/bwringe/parallelnewhybrid).