bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different characteristics of the soil in marmot habitats might be one of the factors that influcting Yersinia pestis prevalent in which than pikas
Authors: Zhao Wenlong , Li Shixiong , Sun Yuechen , Liu Jingpeng , Ma Yixin , Qi Rui 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMarmots are recognized as host animals for plague caused by Yersinia pestis infection. It is unclear that why plague prevalent in marmot rather than other rodents like pikas in the same habitats. This study aims to analyze the differences of the soil characteristics around marmots and pikas burrows to explore the soils factors impacting on different epidemic intensities of Yersinia pestis in these two rodents.MethodsSoil samples were collected from within and around marmot and pika burrows, as well as from the nearby areas not inhabited by them and Chinese baseline soil properties as control groups, in the Qilian Mountains of Gansu Province, China. The physicochemical properties and the bacterial 16S rRNA were measured to analyze the characteristics of soils from different groups. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using R studio.ResultsThe analysis revealed that marmot habitats exhibited distinct soil characteristics, including lower organic matter and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, but higher electrical conductivity and total soluble salts. And soil in marmot areas tended to have higher concentrations of nickel, chromium, and iron, also lower levels of zinc and selenium. Additionally, the alpha diversity of soil microorganisms in marmot habitats was significantly low. Simultaneously, redundancy analysis was conducted, which showed that the low alpha diversity of marmot-soil was influenced by its physicochemical properties. The alpha diversity of the soil was positively correlated with EC, TSS, Na, and Cr, etc., while it was negatively correlated with AHN, OM, Se, Zn, and Fe, etc.ConclusionThese characteristics in marmot habitats, including low levels of organic matter, alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, zinc, selenium, and bacterial alpha diversity, as well as high levels of electrical conductivity, total soluble salts, iron, and nickel, played a crucial role in the spread of plague. It was discovered that the unique characteristics of marmot-soils provided essential elements necessary for the survival of Yersinia pestis, including high levels of Fe and Ca, or facilitated the spread of plague. Thus, the transmission of the plague was facilitated.
Morphological characterization of the hippocampus: a first database in Ecuador
Authors: Cevallos Stefano Buitrón , Jerves Alex X. , Vinueza Clayreth , Hernandez Dennis , Ávila Carlos , Auquilla Andrés , Alvear Óscar 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe hippocampal volume is a well-known biomarker to detect and diagnose neurological, psychiatric, and psychological diseases. However, other morphological descriptors are not analyzed. Furthermore, not available databases, or studies, were found with information related to the hippocampal morphology from Latin-American patients living in the Andean highlands.MethodsThe hippocampus is manually segmented by two medical imaging specialists on normal brain magnetic resonance images. Then, its morphological qualitative and quantitative descriptors (volume, sphericity, roundness, diameter, volume-surface ratio, and aspect ratio) are computed via 3D digital level-set-based mathematical representation. Furthermore, other morphological descriptors and their possible correlation with the hippocampal volume is analyzed.ResultsWe introduce a first database with the hippocampus’ morphological characterization of 63 patients from Quito, Ecuador, male and female, aged between 18 and 95 years old.DiscussionThis study provides new research opportunities to neurologists, psychologists, and psychiatrists, to further understand the hippocampal morphology of Andean and Latin American patients.
The clinical relevance of surgical specimens for RNA sequencing in lung cancer: a cohort study
Authors: Eom Jung Seop , Kim Soo Han , Kim Kyungbin , Kim Ahrong , Ahn Hyo Yeong , Mok Jeongha , Cho Jeong Su , Lee Min Ki , Song Ju Sun , Kim Mi-Hyun 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundMolecular screening using next-generation sequencing (NGS) in the pathologic evaluation of lung cancer is considered the standard in clinical practice; hence, we evaluated the diagnostic yields of various sampling methods for NGS.MethodsNGS data from patients with lung cancer at the Pusan National University Hospital (Busan, South Korea), admitted October, 2020–April, 2023, was obtained. The sampling methods by which NGS data was obtained were divided into surgical and nonsurgical. Surgical methods included thoracoscopic surgery, surgical biopsy from the metastatic site, and lymph node excisional biopsy, whereas nonsurgical methods included bronchoscopy procedures and medical thoracoscopic biopsy.ResultsIn total, we obtained 319 patients’ NGS data:150 (47.0%) and 169 (53.0%) was obtained using surgical and nonsurgical methods, respectively. The overall diagnostic yield of NGS analysis was 97.5% for all samples. There were no significant differences in the success rates of deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing between surgical and nonsurgical sampling methods (98.0% vs. 96.4%, p = 0.313). On the other hand, the success rate of ribonucleic acid (RNA) sequencing was significantly lower in the surgical method group (78.0% vs. 92.3%; p &lt; 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that surgical sampling significantly correlated with RNA sequencing failure (Odd Ratio 4.128, 95% Confidence Interval 1.681–10.133, p = 0.002).ConclusionsSmall samples obtained using nonsurgical procedures are suitable for NGS analysis in clinical practice. However, surgical sampling showed a relatively lower success rate for RNA sequencing than nonsurgical sampling. This information may help in the development of protocols to reduce RNA degradation during the surgical process.
From eco-anxiety to eco-hope: surviving the climate change threat
Authors: Betro’ Sophia 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAs the average global temperature increases, the effects of climate change worsen, through effects on worsening extreme events as well as exacerbating political, economic, and social turmoil (wars, conflicts, and migrations). This poses an existential risk to the survival of humans and non-humans. These effects are visible due to the impact on people’s mental health and psychophysical well-being. This article aims to explore the growing phenomenon of psychoterratic syndromes, with focus on the effect of eco-anxiety on mental health. Furthermore, the relationship between eco-anxiety and behavior response (both individual and collective) in the climate crisis era is outlined.MethodsA research with interdisciplinary approach was carried out for recent literature and articles relating to psychoterratic syndromes and the effects of climate change on mental health.ResultsThe article explores the effects of climate change on mental health, including various research on the onset of new emotions in response to psychological effects to climate change, called psychoterratic syndromes (such as eco-anxiety, climate anxiety, solastalgia, eco-grief). Among these, eco-anxiety is the most popular term used for describing how people feel about climate change. However, the paradigm that described eco-anxiety only as a pathological emotion needs to be changed.DiscussionThe article emphasizes the positive effect of eco-emotions and the need to stimulate people to move from a state of anxiety, which could bring apathy and resignation, toward eco-hope. Eco-hope could be an adaptive coping mechanism in people and communities, which is key to preventing, mitigating, and protecting mental and planetary health.
Distinguishing pain profiles among individuals with long COVID
Authors: Tabacof Laura , Chiplunkar Maanas , Canori Alexandra , Howard Rebecca , Wood Jamie , Proal Amy , Putrino David 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundFor many people with long COVID (LC), new-onset pain is a debilitating consequence. This study examined the nature of new-onset pain and concomitant symptoms in patients with LC to infer mechanisms of pain from the relationships between pain and health-related factors.MethodsPain and other symptoms were evaluated in 153 individuals with LC using the Self-Administered Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs, EuroQoL Visual Analog Scale, and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders. The relationships between pain and patient factors were analyzed using Chi Square and independent t-tests.Results20.3% of individuals who reported new-onset pain had neuropathic pain, which was associated with lower quality of life and higher rates of cognitive dysfunction compared to those with non-neuropathic pain. Other symptoms were similar between groups, however heart-related symptoms were more prevalent in individuals with neuropathic pain and mood swings were more prevalent for individuals with non-neuropathic pain.ConclusionsCharacterizing the relationships between NP and quality of life in individuals with LC can aid in developing better clinical management strategies. Understanding the associations between NP and cognitive dysfunction provides the imperative foundation for future studies further examining the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying pain development in LC.
Recombinant Plasminogen Activator of the Sandworm (Perinereis aibuhitensis) Expression in Escherichia coli
Authors: Song Tuo , Diao Xiaozhen , Cheng Jun , Man Yang , Chen Boyu , Zhang Haixing , Wu Wenhui 
Published: October 2024

As an essential thrombolytic agent, the tissue plasminogen activator receives increasing attention due to its longer half-life, lower immunogenicity, and easier administration, which are superior to other thrombolytic agents. In this study, the isolated and purified plasminogen activator from the sandworm (Perinereis aibuhitensis) was expressed in E. coli (Escherichia coli) to investigate its potential for simplifying the development process. The sandworm plasminogen activator was previously successfully cloned and expressed in E. coli with low yield and activity in the culture supernatant. This low yield and activity prompted us to optimize its DNA sequence. Furthermore, to raise the efficiency in the separation of the target protein, the protein’s solubility was enhanced by fusing it with maltose-binding protein (MBP) tags. Eventually, the fibrinolytic activity was successfully restored after digestion with tobacco etch virus (TEV) protease. This study provides an innovative method of efficiently expressing and purifying plasminogen activators from sandworm in E. coli and broadens its applications in therapeutic treatment of cardiovascular diseases, including thrombosis, stroke, and coronary atherosclerotic heart disease.
Numerical Investigation of an NACA 13112 Morphing Airfoil
Authors: Feraru Mădălin-Dorin , Măriuța Daniel , Stoia-Djeska Marius , Grigorie Lucian-Teodor 
Published: October 2024

This article presents a numerical study on the 2D aerodynamic characteristics of an airfoil with a morphed camber. The operational regime of the main rotor blade of the IAR 330 PUMA helicopter was encompassed in CFD simulations, performed over an angle of attack range of α=[−3°; 18°], and a Mach number of M=0.38. Various degrees of camber adjustment were smoothly implemented to the trailing-edge section of the NACA13112 airfoil, with a corresponding chord length of c=600 mm at the Reynolds number, Re=5.138×106, and the resulting changes in static lift and drag were calculated. The study examines the critical parameters that affect the configuration of the morphing airfoil, particularly the length of the trailing edge morphing. This analysis demonstrates that increasing the morphed camber near the trailing edge enhances lift capability and indicates that the maximum lift of the airfoil depends on the morphed chord length. The suggested approach demonstrates potential and can be implemented across various categories of aerodynamic structures, such as propeller blade sections, tails, or wings.
Whole-Genome Sequencing of the Entomopathogenic Fungus Fusarium solani KMZW-1 and Its Efficacy Against Bactrocera dorsalis
Authors: Yu Junfu , Hussain Mehboob , Wu Mingqi , Shi Chunlan , Li Shini , Ji Yuanxia , Hussain Sikandar , Qin Deqiang , Xiao Chun , Wu Guoxing 
Published: October 2024

Fusarium solani KMZW-1 is recognized for its potential as a biocontrol agent against agricultural and forestry pests, particularly due to its compatibility with integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. This study aimed to investigate the complete genome of F. solani KMZW-1 and assess its pathogenicity against Bactrocera dorsalis. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 47,239,278 bp, comprising 27 contigs, with a GC content of 51.16% and fungus identified as F. solani KMZW-1. The genome completeness was assessed as 97.93% using BUSCO analysis, the DFVF sequence identifier was Fusarium 0G092560.1, and AntiSMASH analysis identified 35 gene clusters associated with secondary metabolite biosynthesis, providing insights into the genetic basis of its pathogenic mechanisms and biocontrol potential. Comparative genomic analysis found 269 unique genes for F. solani KMZW-1, and collinearity analysis exhibited a high degree of synteny with Fusarium solani-melongenae. The pathogenicity of F. solani KMZW-1 was assessed using concentrations ranging from 1 × 104 to 1 × 1011 conidia/mL. Higher concentrations (1 × 1010 to 1 × 1011 conidia/mL) resulted in significantly increased cumulative mortality rates of B. dorsalis adults compared to the control group. Notably, the pathogenicity was higher in male adults than in females. Probit analysis yielded LC50 (50% lethal concentration) values of 5.662 for female and 4.486 for male B. dorsalis adults. In summary, F. solani, KMZW-1 exhibits strong insecticidal activity against B. dorsalis and shows potential as a biocontrol agent with IPM strategies. These findings provide robust genomic evidence supporting the use of F. solani KMZW-1 in managing against B. dorsalis populations.
Enhanced Performance of Sodium-Ion Battery Cathodes with Ti and V Co-Doped P2-Type Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 Materials
Authors: Banik Trapa , Bhattacharya Indranil , Savunthari Kirankumar Venkatesan , Mukerjee Sanjeev , Adepoju Webster , Olatunji Abiodun 
Published: October 2024

Manganese- and iron-rich P2-type Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 (NFM) has garnered significant interest as a promising cathode candidate due to the natural abundance of Fe and Mn along with a high redox couple of Fe3+/Fe4+ and Mn3+/Mn4+. Despite all these merits, NFM suffers from structural instability during cycling, arising from the destructive Jahn-Teller (JT) distortion effect of Mn3+/Mn4+ during charging and Fe4+/Fe3+ during discharging. In this research, a novel P2-type transition metal-oxide cathode Na0.67Fe0.5−2xMn0.5TixVxO2 was synthesized by doping a tiny fraction of two electrochemically inactive elements, Titanium (Ti) and Vanadium (V), into Mn-rich Na0.67Fe0.5Mn0.5O2 (NFM) that mitigated the JT effect substantially and ameliorated the stability of the SIB during cycling. These exhaustive structural and morphological comparisons provided insights into the effects of V and Ti doping on stabilizing surface structures, reducing Jahn Teller distortion, enhancing stability and capacity retention, and promoting the Na+ carrier transport mechanism. Moreover, the electrochemical analysis, such as the galvanostatic charge/discharge profile, validates the capacity improvement via Ti and V co-doping into NFM cathode. The initial discharge capacity of the 2% Ti/V-doped Na0.67Fe0.48Mn0.5Ti0.01V0.01O2 (2NFMTV) was found to be 187.12 mAh g−1 at a rate of 0.1 C, which was greater than the discharge capacity of 175.15 mAh g−1 observed for pure NFM (Na0.67Mn0.5Fe0.5O2). In contrast, 2NFMTV exhibited a noteworthy capacity retention of 46.1% when evaluated for its original capacity after undergoing 150 cycles at a rate of 0.1 C. This research also established a structural doping approach as a feasible technique for advancing the progress of next-generation Sodium-ion Batteries.
Clinical and Drug Resistance Characteristics of Providencia Infections
Authors: Malviya Meenal , Kale-Pradhan Pramodini , Coyle Meredith , Giuliano Christopher , Johnson Leonard B. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Providencia is a G ram-negative bacillus that most frequently colonizes the urinary tract and is often resistant to many antimicrobials. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance patterns of Providencia spp. and clinical outcomes due to the paucity of data. Methods: A multi-center, descriptive, retrospective chart review of adult patients with Providencia spp. infections was conducted from 1 January 2020 to 31 May 2022. The primary outcome was to describe the drug resistance patterns of Providencia spp. isolates. This study’s secondary outcome was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of patients with Providencia spp. infections. Results: Of the 312 patients screened, 244 were excluded primarily for polymicrobial infections. The mean age was 70 years, and 39 (56.5%) were males. Of the 68 included cases, 46 (67.6%) were P. stuartii, 20 (29.4%) were P. rettgeri, and 2 (2.9%) were P. alcalifaciens. The most common infections were bacteremia 38 (55.8%), followed by 27 (39.7%) urinary tract infections and 3 (4.4%) wound infections. In this study, 45 patients (65.2%) had urinary catheters. The primary antibiotics used for treatment consisted of ceftriaxone (25 (36.2%)), cefepime (20 (29%)), and meropenem (10 (14.5%)). Only 5 of 68 (7.2%) cases were multidrug- resistant and required meropenem. In total, 19 patients (27.1%) died during their admission, but none were related to Providencia infections. A total of 10 of the 68 patients (14.5%) were readmitted within 30 days for reasons unrelated to the progression or recurrence of Providencia infections. Conclusions:Providencia bacteremia is predominantly seen in elderly patients. Third- generation cephalosporins remain an appropriate choice of antibiotics for Providencia spp. Providencia stuartii was the only species with multidrug resistance.
ВЫБОР СУБЪЕКТА ИННОВАЦИОННОЙ ИНФРАСТРУКТУРЫ ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ТРАНСФЕРА ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ДОНЕЦКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
Authors: Шабалина Л.В. , Шавкун Г.А. , Тимко М.В. 
Published: October 2024

Отсутствие в Донецкой Народной Республике эффективной системы трансфера технологий, а также субъектов, обеспечивающих данный процесс, приводит к снижению эффективности технологического обмена между представителями науки, образования, бизнеса и государства, что ведет к технологическому отставанию и повышению ресурсоемкости производства. Целью данного исследования является выбор и создание субъекта инновационной инфраструктуры, обеспечивающего трансфер технологий в Донецкой Народной Республике. В статье на основе анализа нормативных правовых актов Российской Федерации и Республики Беларусь, а также научной литературы определены субъекты инновационной инфраструктуры, участвующие в трансфере технологий (технопарк, научный парк, бизнес-инкубатор, центр трансфера технологий, технологическая платформа и др.), а также их цель и задачи функционирования. Для обеспечения трансфера технологий в Донецкой Народной Республике предложено использовать технологическую платформу, как наиболее оптимальный вариант с позиции издержек и сформированной инфраструктуры поддержки субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в Республике. Посредством системного анализа практики создания и функционирования технологических платформ в Российской Федерации предложены этапы формирования данного субъекта в Донецкой Народной Республике, а также его организационная структура. Представленные результаты могут быть использованы при организации трансфера технологий в Республике.
The lack of an effective system of technology transfer in the Donetsk People's Republic, as well as entities that ensure this process, leads to a decrease in the efficiency of technological exchange between representatives of science, education, business and the state, which leads to a technological lag and an increase in the resource intensity of production. The purpose of this study is to select and create an innovative infrastructure entity that ensures technology transfer in the Donetsk People's Republic. Based on the analysis of regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus, as well as scientific literature, the article identifies the subjects of innovation infrastructure involved in technology transfer (technology park, science park, business incubator, technology transfer center, technology platform, etc.), as well as their purpose and objectives of functioning. To ensure technology transfer in the Donetsk People's Republic, it was proposed to use a technological platform as the most optimal option in terms of costs and the formed infrastructure to support small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic. Based on the system analysis of the practice of creating and functioning technological platforms in the Russian Federation, the stages of the formation of this subject in the Donetsk People's Republic, as well as its organizational structure, are proposed. The presented results can be used in the organization of technology transfer in the Republic.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ В ОБЛАСТИ ЗАНЯТОСТИ В РЕГИОНЕ
Authors: Шигильчева С.А. , Задорова Т.В. 
Published: October 2024

В статье приводятся результаты оценки ключевых показателей рынка труда в Чувашской Республике и раскрываются проблемы, с которыми сталкиваются региональные органы власти при реализации государственной политики в области занятости. В ходе исследования использовались различные методы: системный и сравнительный анализ, графический метод. На основе оценки состояния занятости и безработицы в Чувашской Республике были выявлены определённые проблемы на рынке труда. Во-первых, наличие естественной убыли населения, что оказывает неблагоприятное влияние на численность рабочей силы. Во-вторых, низкий уровень заработной платы в регионе приводит к росту механической убыли, особенно для сельских территорий. В условиях пандемии 2019 г. основные меры были направлены на избежание значительных колебаний численности безработных за счет предоставления организациям льготных кредитов в целях сохранения занятости. Оценивая реализацию политики в области занятости со стороны региональных органов, можно отметить, что в регионе произошло сокращение уровня безработицы и достижение показателей занятости докризисных значений. Однако в настоящее время возникают новые угрозы дисбаланса на рынке труда. Прежде всего они связаны с внедрением искусственного интеллекта, который внесет существенные трансформации во все аспекты трудовых отношений.
The article presents the results of the assessment of key indicators of the labor market in the Chuvash Republic and reveals the problems faced by regional authorities in the implementation of state policy in the field of employment. Various methods were used in the course of the study: system and comparative analysis, graphical method. Based on the assessment of the state of employment and unemployment in the Chuvash Republic, certain problems in the labor market were identified. Firstly, the presence of a natural population decline, which has an adverse effect on the size of the workforce. Secondly, the low level of wages in the region leads to an increase in mechanical loss, especially for rural areas. In the context of the 2019 pandemic, the main measures were aimed at avoiding significant fluctuations in the number of unemployed by providing preferential loans to organizations in order to maintain employment. Assessing the implementation of the employment policy by the regional authorities, it can be noted that the unemployment rate has decreased in the region and employment indicators have reached pre-crisis values. However, new threats of an imbalance in the labor market are currently emerging. First of all, they are connected with the introduction of artificial intelligence, which will make significant transformations in all aspects of labor relations.