bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Time-dependent trends in cardiovascular adverse events during follow-up after carotid or iliofemoral endarterectomy
Authors: van Koeverden I D , van Haelst S T W , Haitjema S , de Vries J-P P M , Moll F L , den Ruijter H M , Hoefer I E , Dalmeijer G W , de Borst G J , Pasterkamp G 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

Background
Recent observations have suggested a decline in vulnerable carotid artery and iliofemoral atherosclerotic plaque characteristics over the past decade. The aim of this study was to determine whether, in the presence of clinically manifest carotid or peripheral artery disease, secondary adverse cardiovascular events decreased over this period.

Methods
Patients included in the Athero-Express biobank between 2003 and 2012 were analysed. During 3-year follow-up, composite cardiovascular endpoints were documented yearly, including: myocardial infarction, coronary interventions, stroke, peripheral interventions and cardiovascular death. The major cardiovascular endpoint consisted of myocardial infarction, stroke and cardiovascular death.

Results
Some 1684 patients who underwent carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and another 530 who had iliofemoral endarterectomy (IFE) were analysed. In total, 405 (25·2 per cent) and 236 (45·9 per cent) patients had a composite cardiovascular endpoint within 3 years after CEA and IFE respectively. Corrected for possible confounders, the percentage of patients with a secondary cardiovascular event after CEA did not change over time (hazard ratio (HR) 0·91, 95 per cent c.i. 0·65 to 1·28; P = 0·590, for 2011–2012 versus 2003–2004). In patients who had IFE, the incidence of secondary cardiovascular events significantly decreased only in the last 2 years (HR 0·62, 0·41 to 0·94; P = 0·024), owing to a decrease in peripheral (re)interventions in 2011–2012 (HR 0·59, 0·37 to 0·94; P = 0·028). No decrease in major cardiovascular events was observed in either group.

Conclusion
In patients who had undergone either CEA or IFE there was no evidence of a decrease in all secondary cardiovascular events. There were no differences in major cardiovascular events.
Rapid “Mix‐and‐Stir” Preparation of Well‐Defined Palladium on Carbon Catalysts for Efficient Practical Use
Authors: Yakukhnov Sergey A. , Pentsak Evgeniy O. , Galkin Konstantin I. , Mironenko Roman M. , Drozdov Vladimir A. , Likholobov Vladimir A. , Ananikov Valentine P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA facile direct deposition approach for the preparation of recyclable Pd/C catalysts simply by stirring a solution of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) with a suitable carbon material was evaluated. An extraordinarily rapid catalyst preparation procedure (<5 min) under mild conditions and its excellent performance in cross‐coupling and hydrogenation reactions were demonstrated. The key point for catalyst design is the direct deposition of Pd0 centers onto the highly accessible surface area and the avoidance of ill‐defined PdII/Pd0 states.
Thermal Synthesis of Perchlorinated Oligosilanes: A Fresh Look at an Old Reaction
Authors: Neumeyer Felix , Schweizer Julia I. , Meyer Lioba , Sturm Alexander G. , Nadj Andor , Holthausen Max C. , Auner Norbert 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA combined experimental and theoretical study of the high‐temperature reaction of SiCl4 and elemental silicon is presented. The nature and reactivity of the product formed upon rapid cooling of the gaseous reaction mixture is investigated by comparison with the defined model compounds cyclo‐Si5Cl10, n‐Si5Cl12 and n‐Si4Cl10. A DFT assessment provides mechanistic insight into the oligosilane formation. Experimental 29Si NMR investigations, supported by quantum‐chemical 29Si NMR calculations, consistently show that the reaction product is composed of discrete molecular perchlorinated oligosilanes. Low‐temperature chlorination is an unexpectedly selective means for the transformation of cyclosilanes to acyclic species by endocyclic Si−Si bond cleavage, and we provide a mechanistic rationalization for this observation. In contrast to the raw material, the product obtained after low‐temperature chlorination represents an efficient source of neo‐Si5Cl12 or the amine‐stabilized disilene EtMe2N⋅SiCl2Si(SiCl3)2 through reaction with aliphatic amines.
Metal‐Ion‐Activated DNAzymes Used for Regulation of Telomerase Activity in Living Cells
Authors: Wang Jiasi , Qin Hongshuang , Wang Faming , Ren Jinsong , Qu Xiaogang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTelomerase is a key regulator in cell metabolism, tissue renewal, and organismal lifespan. Here we develop a simple strategy to modulate cellular telomerase activity, and further control cell fate based on Mg2+‐ and Zn2+‐activated DNAzymes in living cells. Through modulation of telomerase activity, we can regulate cell behavior, including cell migration, cell differentiation, cell senescence, and cell cycle. Our work provides a new way to modulate telomerase activity in living cells by using DNAzymes.
Two Structurally Characterized Conformational Isomers with Different C−P Bonds
Authors: Roy Sudipta , Mondal Kartik Chandra , Kundu Subrata , Li Bin , Schürmann Christian J. , Dutta Sayan , Koley Debasis , Herbst‐Irmer Regine , Stalke Dietmar , Roesky Herbert W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe cyclic alkyl(amino) carbene (cAAC) bonded chlorophosphinidene (cAAC)P−Cl (2/2') was isolated from the direct reaction between cAAC and phosphorus trichloride (PCl3). Compound 2/2' has been characterized by NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. 31P NMR investigations [δ≈160 ppm (major) and δ≈130 ppm (minor)] reveal that there are two different P environments of the P−Cl unit. X‐ray single‐crystal determination suggests a co‐crystallization of two conformational isomers of (cAAC)P−Cl (2/2'); the major compound possessing a cAAC−PCl unit with CcAAC−P 1.75 Å. This C−P bond length is very close to that of (NHC)2P2 [NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene]. The residual density can be interpreted as a conformational isomer with a shorter CcAAC−P bond similar to a non‐conjugated phosphaalkene [R−P=CR2]. Our study shows an unprecedented example of two conformational isomers with different Ccarbene−element bonds. Additionally, Br (3c/3c'), I (4c/4c'), and H (5c/5c') analogues [(Me2‐cAAC)P−X; X=Br (3), I (4), H (5)] of 2c/2c'[(Me2‐cAAC)P−Cl] were also synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy suggesting similar equilibrium in solution. The unique property of cAAC and the required electronegativity of the X (X=Cl, Br, I, and H) atom play a crucial role for the existence of the two isomers which were further studied by theoretical calculations.
Synthesis and pKa determination of new enantiopure dimethyl‐substituted acridino‐crown ethers containing a carboxyl group: Useful candidates for enantiomeric recognition studies
Authors: Németh Tamás , Dargó Gergő , Petró József Levente , Petrik Zsófia , Lévai Sándor , Krámos Balázs , Béni Zoltán , Nagy József , Balogh György Tibor , Huszthy Péter , Tóth Tünde 
Published: June 2017

AbstractNew enantiopure dimethyl‐substituted acridino‐18‐crown‐6 and acridino‐21‐crown‐7 ethers containing a carboxyl group at position 9 of the acridine ring [(S,S)‐8, (S,S)‐9, (R,R)‐10] were synthesized. The pKa values of the new crown ethers [(S,S)‐8, (S,S)‐9, (R,R)‐10] and of an earlier reported macrocycle [(R,R)‐2] were determined by UV‐pH titrations. Crown ether (S,S)‐8 was attached to silica gel by covalent bonds and the enantiomeric separation ability of the newly prepared chiral stationary phase [(S,S)‐CSP‐12] was studied by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Homochiral preference was observed and the best separation was achieved for the enantiomers of 1‐NEA. Ligands (S,S)‐9 and (R,R)‐10 are precursors of enantioselective sensor and selector molecules for the enantiomers of protonated primary amines, amino acids, and their derivatives.
Organization of the catecholaminergic systems in the brain of lungfishes, the closest living relatives of terrestrial vertebrates
Authors: López Jesús M. , González Agustín 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLungfishes are a group of sarcopterygian fishes currently considered the closest living relatives of tetrapods, and represent an interesting group for the study of evolutionary traits in the transition from fishes to tetrapods. Catecholaminergic systems in the brain are among the most carefully analyzed neurotransmitter systems in the brain of most vertebrate groups. Their organization shows major shared characteristics, although traits particular to each vertebrate class have also been found, primarily between anamniotes and amniotes. Given the relevance of lungfishes in evolutionary terms, the present study provides the first comprehensive and detailed map of the catecholaminergic structures in the brain of two representative species of lungfishes, an African lungfish (Protopterus dolloi) and the Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri), as revealed by immunohistochemistry. Distinct groups of catecholaminergic cells were observed in the olfactory bulb, pallium, and preoptic area of the telencephalon, and the subpallium is devoid of these cells. Hypothalamic and diencephalic groups were detected and, in particular, the dopaminergic nucleus of the periventricular organ was evidenced with dopamine antibodies but not with anti‐tyrosine hydroxylase. A well developed mesostriatal system was revealed formed by conspicuous groups of dopamine cells in the midbrain tegmentum and profuse innervation of the subpallium. Comparison of these results with those from other classes of vertebrates shows numerous common traits shared by most groups and also highlights particular features in lungfishes different from actinopterygian fishes that resemble those of amphibians and amniotes.
Role of Dynamic Heterogeneities in Ionic Liquids: Insights from All‐Atom and Coarse‐Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulation Studies
Authors: Pal Tamisra , Vogel Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe performed molecular dynamics simulations for the room‐temperature ionic liquid 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([Bmim][PF6]). By employing all‐atom (AA) and coarse‐grained (CG) models, we compared the characteristic times of various dynamical modes, from vibration to diffusion, and the importance of dynamical heterogeneities at different levels of chemical resolution and over broad temperature ranges. It was shown that coarse graining leads to a substantial speedup in molecular dynamics, whereas it weakly affects the strength of dynamical heterogeneities. Despite the general speedup, several relationships between dynamical modes on different timescales were preserved. In particular, the heterogeneity timescales of the AA and CG models collapse onto the same curve as a function of the structural (α) relaxation time τα. Moreover, vibrational amplitudes and relaxation times τα are related at both levels of chemical resolution. We argue that the robustness of these relationships assists the development of dynamically consistent coarse‐graining strategies and justifies the use of simplified models for a theoretical understanding of viscous liquids.
Low‐Cost Perovskite Solar Cells Employing Dimethoxydiphenylamine‐Substituted Bistricyclic Aromatic Enes as Hole Transport Materials
Authors: Rakstys Kasparas , Paek Sanghyun , Grancini Giulia , Gao Peng , Jankauskas Vygintas , Asiri Abdullah M. , Nazeeruddin Mohammad Khaja 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe synthesis, characterization and photovoltaic performance of series of novel molecular hole transport materials (HTMs) based on bistricyclic aromatic enes (BAEs) are presented. The new derivatives were obtained following a simple and straightforward procedure from inexpensive starting reagents mimicking the synthetically challenging 9,9′‐spirobifluorene moiety of the well‐studied spiro‐OMeTAD. The novel HTMs were tested in mixed cations and anions perovskite solar cells (PSCs) yielding a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.2 % under standard global 100 mW cm−2 AM1.5G illumination using 9‐{2,7‐bis[bis(4‐methoxyphenyl)amino]‐9H‐fluoren‐9‐ylidene}‐N2,N2,N7,N7‐tetrakis(4‐methoxyphenyl)‐9H‐thioxanthene‐2,7‐diamine (coded as KR374). The power conversion efficiency data confirms the easily attainable heteromerous fluorenylidenethioxanthene structure as valuable core for low‐cost and highly efficient HTM design and paves the way towards cost‐effective PSC technology.
Microvascular dysfunction and cardiac fibrosis in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a case report
Authors: Narang Nikhil , Medvedofsky Diego , Dryer Kathryn , Shah Sanjiv J. , Davidson Charles J. , Patel Amit R. , Blair John E.A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report the case of a 55‐year‐old woman with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), who presented with hypertensive urgency and pulmonary oedema. The patient was medically optimized and underwent cardiac catheterization revealing pulmonary hypertension, elevated pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, normal cardiac index, and non‐obstructive coronary disease. Invasive evaluation of coronary flow revealed blunted coronary flow reserve and increased index of microvascular resistance. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated reduced global myocardial perfusion and diffuse interstitial fibrosis. This case exhibits a potential HFpEF phenotype associated with microvascular dysfunction, fibrosis, and elevated filling pressures.
Geochronology, geochemistry, and tectonic significance of Permian intrusive rocks from the Shaolanghe region, northern margin of the North China Craton
Authors: Guo Yunpeng , Zeng Qingdong , Liu Jian‐ming , Chu Shao‐xiong , Wang Yongbin , Gao Shuai 
Published: June 2017

In situ zircon U–Pb ages and Hf isotopic data, whole‐rock major and trace element contents, and Sr–Nd isotopic compositions are reported for Permian intrusive rocks at Shaolanghe in Eastern Inner Mongolia in order to explore the magmatic origin and tectonic significance of these rocks for the evolution of the northern margin of the North China Craton. Three intrusive rocks, quartz diorite, Xishuiquan granite, and Xinglong granite, yield zircon U–Pb ages of 285.9 ± 3.1, 274.2 ± 2.9, and 260.0 ± 8.4 Ma, respectively. The quartz diorite and Xishuiquan granite belong to the high‐K calc‐alkaline series, enriched in large ion lithophile elements (e.g., Rb) and depleted in high field strength elements (e.g., Nb and Ti). They are defined as I‐type granites. The quartz diorite has initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.7049–0.7051, εNd(t) values of −10.0 to −11.4, and εHf(t) values of −15.2 to −9.9. The εHf(t) values of the Xishuiquan granite (−4.8 to 4.0) vary in discrete segments, whereas the εNd(t) values (−12.9 to −13.3) are consistent with those of the quartz diorites (−10.0 to −11.4). A magma mixing model is proposed for the formation of the quartz diorites of the Shaolanghe region, and the Xishuiquan granite was likely derived from partial melting of the Paleoproterozoic crust with involvement of mantle components. Geochemical analyses show that the tectonic setting of the northern margin of the North China Craton during the late Palaeozoic was an Andes‐type active continental margin associated with subduction of the Paleo‐Asian Ocean plate.
Polymeric drug delivery systems for intraoral site‐specific chemoprevention of oral cancer
Authors: Desai Kashappa Goud H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOral cancer is among the most prevalent cancers in the world. Moreover, it is one of the major health problems and causes of death in many regions of the world. The traditional treatment modalities include surgical removal, radiation therapy, systemic chemotherapy, or a combination of these methods. In recent decades, there has been significant interest in intraoral site‐specific chemoprevention via local drug delivery using polymeric systems. Because of its easy accessibility and clear visibility, the oral mucosa is amenable for local drug delivery. A variety of polymeric systems—such as gels, tablets, films, patches, injectable systems (e.g., millicylindrical implants, microparticles, and in situ‐forming depots), and nanosized carriers (e.g., polymeric nanoparticles, nanofibers, polymer–drug conjugates, polymeric micelles, nanoliposomes, nanoemulsions, and polymersomes)—have been developed and evaluated for the local delivery of natural and synthetic chemopreventive agents. The findings of in vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo studies and the positive outcome of clinical trials demonstrate that intraoral site‐specific drug delivery is an attractive, highly effective and patient‐friendly strategy for the management of oral cancer. Intraoral site‐specific drug delivery provides unique therapeutic advantages when compared to systemic chemotherapy. Moreover, intraoral drug delivery systems are self‐administrable and can be removed when needed, increasing patient compliance. This article covers important aspects and advances related to the design, development, and efficacy of polymeric systems for intraoral site‐specific drug delivery. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 1383–1413, 2018.
Hydroxyapatite–polymer biocomposites for bone regeneration: A review of current trends
Authors: Ramesh Niranjan , Moratti Stephen C. , Dias George J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBone tissue engineering has emerged as one of the most indispensable approaches to address bone trauma in the past few decades. This approach offers an efficient and a risk‐free alternative to autografts and allografts by employing a combination of biomaterials and cells to promote bone regeneration. Hydroxyapatite (HA) is a ceramic biomaterial that mimics the mineral composition of bones and teeth in vertebrates. HA, commonly produced via several synthetic routes over the years has been found to exhibit good bioactivity, biocompatibility, and osteoconductivity under both in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, the brittle nature of HA restricts its usage for load bearing applications. To address this problem, HA has been used in combination with several polymers in the form of biocomposite implants to primarily improve its mechanical properties and also enhance the implants' overall performance by simultaneously exploiting the positive effects of both HA and the polymer involved in making the biocomposite. This review article summarizes the past and recent developments in the evolution of HA–polymer biocomposite implants as an “ideal” biomaterial scaffold for bone regeneration. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2046–2057, 2018.
DOK3 Modulates Bone Remodeling by Negatively Regulating Osteoclastogenesis and Positively Regulating Osteoblastogenesis
Authors: Cai Xiaofeng , Xing Junjie , Long Courtney L , Peng Qisheng , Humphrey Mary Beth 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Osteoclastogenesis is essential for bone remodeling and normal skeletal maintenance. Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) promotes osteoclast differentiation and function but requires costimulation of immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-coupled immunoreceptors. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-2 (TREM2) coupled to ITAM-adaptor protein DNAX activation protein 12kDA (DAP12) provides costimulation of intracellular calcium signaling during osteoclastogenesis. Previously, we found that downstream of kinase-3 (DOK3) physically associates with DAP12 to inhibit toll-like receptor (TLR)-induced inflammatory signaling in macrophages. However, whether and how DOK3 modulates DAP12-dependent osteoclastogenesis is unknown and the focus of this study. Bone microarchitecture and histology of sex- and age-matched wild-type (WT) and DOK3-deficient (DOK3-/-) mice were evaluated. Male and female DOK3-/- mice have significantly reduced trabecular bone mass compared with WT mice with increased TRAP+ osteoclasts in vivo. In vitro, DOK3-/- bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) have increased macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced proliferation and increased sensitivity to RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. Compared with WT, DOK3-/- osteoclasts are significantly larger with more nuclei and have increased resorptive capacity. Mechanistically, DOK3 limits osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting activation of Syk and ERK in response to RANKL and M-CSF. DOK3 is phosphorylated in a DAP12-dependent manner and associates with Grb2 and Cbl. Compared with DAP12-/- mice with high bone mass, DOK3- and DAP12- doubly deficient mice (DKO) have normalized bone mass, indicating that DOK3 also limits DAP12-independent osteoclastogenesis in vivo. In vitro osteoclasts derived from DKO mice are mononuclear with poor resorptive capacity similar to DAP12-/- osteoclasts. Histomorphometry reveals that DOK3-/-mice also have reduced osteoblast parameters. DOK3-/- osteoblasts have reduced in vitro osteoblastogenesis and increased osteoprotegerin (OPG) to RANKL expression ratio compared with WT osteoblasts. Co-culture of WT and DOK3-/- osteoblasts with pre-osteoclasts reveals a reduced capacity of DOK3-/- osteoblasts to support osteoclastogenesis. These data indicate that DOK3 regulates bone remodeling by negatively regulating M-CSF- and RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and positively regulating osteoblastogenesis. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
NaOH–HCl neutralized urine preparation for direct testing of uropathogens by Bruker MS
Authors: Choi Ji Seon , Kim Jayoung , Kim Han‐Soo , Kwon Chang‐wan , Kim Min‐sung , Choi Seong‐hyeok 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundWe evaluated the analytical performance of a NaOH–HCl neutralization protocol for identifying uropathogens directly from urine samples by a Bruker MS system (Bruker Daltonics, German) and sought to establish a protocol for integrating the method with conventional screening.MethodsAmong all urine samples requested for Gram staining, UF‐1000i, and urine cultures by physicians, we selected samples that were positive by both Gram staining and UF‐1000i testing. Urine was prepared by neutralization using 0.01M NaOH–HCl, and the samples were processed by Bruker MS. For the low detection limit, one strain each of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecium was inoculated in sterile deionized water and sterile urine specimens at sequential dilutions.ResultsIn a total of 1270 urine samples, 125 samples (9.8%) were positive by both Gram staining and UF‐1000i. Of 94 samples showing a single morphotype on agar plates, 82 samples had colony counts ≥105 CFU/mL and most uropathogens (95.1%, 78 of 82) had UF‐1000i counts ≥106 bacteria/mL. Among them, Bruker MS correctly identified 86.6% (71/82) of all isolates, 89.2% (66/74) of Gram‐negative bacteria (GNB), and 62.5% (5/8) of Gram‐positive cocci (GPC) with higher average scores for GPC (mean score 2.013) and GNB (mean score 2.110).ConclusionsBruker MS with urine preparation by NaOH–HCl neutralization provides a simple, cost‐effective, and accurate method for identifying uropathogens directly from urine. Using Bruker MS when single morphotype Gram staining and the UF‐1000i count as ≥106 bacteria/mL may improve the efficiency of bacterial identification in routine practice.