bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic and efficient device collaborations in 5G‐advanced and 6G networks
Authors: Han Xianghui , Zhou Shuai , Kou Shuaihua , Li Jian , Liu Ruiqi , Jin Shi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCollaborative transmission, comprising multiple devices owned by a single user, is progressively evolving into an essential strategy to meet the stringent demands of burgeoning collaborative scenarios in 5G‐advanced and 6G networks. This paper proposes three novel use cases for device collaboration, namely data duplication, data splitting and wireless backup, to address these requirements. To provide dynamic and efficient collaboration, both non‐transparent mode via the medium access control layer collaboration and transparent mode via the physical layer collaboration are proposed. The paper further introduces a comprehensive design framework including protocol stack design, user equipment capability reporting, user equipment pairing, scheduling mechanism and transmission mechanism for different collaborative use cases with different collaborative modes. Evaluation outcomes reveal that the recommended methods could decrease the resources consumed for data duplication while increasing the user perceived throughput for data duplication and data splitting. The proposed methods also augment transmission reliability for both data duplication and wireless backup.
Leveraging modality‐specific and shared features for RGB‐T salient object detection
Authors: Wang Shuo , Yang Gang , Xu Qiqi , Dai Xun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMost of the existing RGB‐T salient object detection methods are usually based on dual‐stream encoding single‐stream decoding network architecture. These models always rely on the quality of fusion features, which often focus on modality‐shared features and overlook modality‐specific features, thus failing to fully utilise the rich information contained in multi‐modality data. To this end, a modality separate tri‐stream net (MSTNet), which consists of a tri‐stream encoding (TSE) structure and a tri‐stream decoding (TSD) structure is proposed. The TSE explicitly separates and extracts the modality‐shared and modality‐specific features to improve the utilisation of multi‐modality data. In addition, based on the hybrid‐attention and cross‐attention mechanism, we design an enhanced complementary fusion module (ECF), which fully considers the complementarity between the features to be fused and realises high‐quality feature fusion. Furthermore, in TSD, the quality of uni‐modality features is ensured under the constraint of supervision. Finally, to make full use of the rich multi‐level and multi‐scale decoding features contained in TSD, the authors design the adaptive multi‐scale decoding module and the multi‐stream feature aggregation module to improve the decoding capability. Extensive experiments on three public datasets show that the MSTNet outperforms 14 state‐of‐the‐art methods, demonstrating that this method can extract and utilise the multi‐modality information more adequately and extract more complete and rich features, thus improving the model's performance. The code will be released at https://github.com/JOOOOKII/MSTNet.
A simulation algorithm for SAR echoes with targets in non‐uniform backgrounds
Authors: Song Zhiyong , Zhang Yongqiang , Lan Chujun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article introduces a high‐precision SAR echo simulation method aimed at providing a large‐scale SAR echo simulation algorithm that includes complex target information. This method independently simulates targets and ground clutter, calculating the shadow areas of targets and the dihedral effects between targets and the ground by constructing virtual rough surfaces and using ray tracing. Furthermore, this method can provide data sources for algorithms that improve detector performance using shadow or specular reflection characteristics. Finally, after comparing the simulation results with the publicly available MSTAR dataset, the experimental results show that this method ensures the accuracy of the results. This research provides a rich data source for the study of SAR detection and tracking algorithms and offers strong support for practical applications.
A high‐performance asynchronous readout circuit with cascade function for a neural recording micro‐electrode array
Authors: Feng Jiaqi , Cai Yujie , Huang Leilei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe data‐driven machine learning technology used for neural decoding emphasizes the requirements of in vivo and in vitro neural signal acquisition with high spatial and temporal resolution. However, micro‐electrode arrays (MEAs) that simultaneously achieve high spatial and temporal resolution neural signal acquisition are not yet available. Meanwhile, the high data bandwidth of large‐scale MEA brings challenges in power consumption, data transmission, storage, and neural signal processing. This research aims to improve the spatial and temporal resolution of MEA, reduce the cost and time of large‐scale MEA customization through cascading, and reduce the bandwidth of large‐scale MEA through spike compression. Firstly, based on in‐pixel spike detection, a row‐based neural spike readout mechanism and related array circuit to improve the neural spike readout performance and temporal resolution of neural signal acquisition is proposed. To further enhance the spatial resolution and reduce the risk of large‐scale MEA fabrication, the cascading capability of the readout circuit is explored. Lastly, spatial correlation‐based neural spike encoding is proposed to reduce the data bandwidth, achieving a 5.2× compression rate. This is a study on implementing large‐scale MEA through cascaded readout circuits and novel study to utilize the spatial correlation between detected neural spikes for further compression.
Optimised design of electric actuators for more electric aircraft considering machining and assembly errors
Authors: Li Wenlong , Wu Qingle , Yang Guolai , Guo Chengyuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo the challenges posed by the complex structure and low reliability of existing hydraulic actuators used for more electric aircraft landing gear, this paper proposes an optimised design method for an electric actuator based on the principles of tubular permanent magnet linear motor employing a Halbach array. For this electric actuator, a subdomain model considering the longitudinal end effect is established by setting virtual permanent magnet regions at both ends of the Halbach array. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified through a comparison with the finite element method. Subsequently, a surrogate model is developed using the proposed subdomain model, and an uncertain optimisation model considering machining and assembly errors is developed based on the interval possibility and the interval order theory. Compared to its initial design, the optimised structure increased the average thrust by 13.4% and reduced the thrust ripple rate by 87.2%, significantly improving the overall performance of the electric actuator. Finally, prototype experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed subdomain method and optimised approach.
Error analysis and correction strategy for measuring oriented silicon steel by SST method
Authors: Wang Xinyang , Xue Runfeng , Ma Guang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo accurately determine the relationship between magnetic polarisation and magnetic field strength in oriented silicon steel, the magnetic properties, such as power loss, were measured under different magnetisation conditions. This facilitates for the precise selection of iron core materials for distribution transformers. The deviation rate of measurement results for different magnetisation conditions in oriented silicon steel with varying thicknesses was analysed using the SST method. Additionally, the finite element simulation of MagNet was employed to further investigate this relationship. The causes of measurement errors in oriented silicon steel by the SST method are thoroughly studied, with a focus on 0.18 mm oriented silicon steel as an example. It is found that the main reason for the measurement error is the deviation between the actual effective magnetic path length and the conventional effective magnetic path length, which is caused by the uneven distribution of magnetic polarisation in oriented silicon steel. The main reason for the difference of magnetisation conditions is the change in the actual effective magnetic path length, which is mainly affected by changes in permeability. Combined with the magnetic field distribution inside the oriented silicon steel, the distribution coefficient of magnetic polarisation can be calculated, the actual effective magnetic path length under each condition can be calculated, and then the measurement results of the SST method can be modified. This research is expected to significantly contribute to the practical applications of oriented silicon steel in engineering.
Degradation induced by charge relaxation in silicone gels under the ultra‐fast pulsed electric field
Authors: Gao Teng , He Dongxin , Xu Zhe , Wei Junyu , Xie Shijie , Teyssède Gilbert , Liu Zhizhen , Cui Bin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe insulating properties of silicone gel used for silicon carbide‐insulated gate bipolar transistors encapsulation may deteriorate seriously under ultra‐fast pulsed electric fields. The essence of insulation degradation lies in the deterioration of materials caused by dynamic phenomena at microscopic scale, such as charge trapping and detrapping. Different from the steady‐state operating condition, insulating materials exhibit a sharp decrease in their insulating properties when subjected to a rapidly changing electric field. To investigate the insulation failure of silicone gel materials under an ultra‐fast pulsed electric field, Marcus hopping mechanism for charge response is proposed. By calculating the relaxation time with different defects, we characterise the degradation of the materials. According to the force analysis of space charge, the authors establish a relationship between insulation failures and charge relaxation time. Combined with the experimental results on electrical treeing in silicone gel, the feasibility of the theory is verified. The experimental phenomenon can be well explained, that is, the initial voltage of the electrical trees decreased sharply with shortening the edge time of the pulsed electric field, especially on the nanosecond time scale.
Active distribution network fault section location method based on characteristic wave coupling
Authors: Liu Zhiren , Chen Kai , Xie Jinghua , Wu Xiaolong , Lu Wenzhou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs distributed generators (DG) and power electronic devices become more integrated, distribution networks have evolved from being passive to active, and power flow has shifted from unidirectional to bidirectional. This transformation has negatively impacted power quality, leading to weakened fault transient attributes and increased harmonic complexities. Consequently, the efficacy of traditional relay protection has diminished, elevating the risk of misoperation or misjudgment and compromising the safety of distribution networks. In response to these challenges, a fault section location method for active distribution network based on characteristic wave coupling is proposed to expand the fault difference. This method explores the principles of characteristic wave coupling, discusses characteristic wave parameter selection theory, examines the start‐up control strategy for characteristic wave coupling, and establishes a protection action criterion by comparing the energy difference of characteristic waves based on the fault identification principle. Subsequently, by utilizing multiple inverter interfaced distributed generators to actively couple characteristic waves into the distribution network during faults, achieves rapid identification and location of fault sections. Finally, the effectiveness of the method is substantiated through simulation results in MATLAB/Simulink and experimental outcomes obtained from a low‐voltage active distribution network experimental platform based on dSPACE1103.
Effect of grid‐following VSCs on frequency distribution of power grid
Authors: Ma Qingyuan , Chen Lei , Li Luyang , Min Yong , Shi Yudan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe increasing penetration of grid‐following voltage source converters (GFL‐VSCs) in the power grid has changed the frequency dynamics of the system. GFL‐VSC follows the frequency of the terminal bus using a phase‐locked loop, therefore it does not establish the frequency in the same manner as a synchronous generator. However, previous research has demonstrated that GFL‐VSC without additional frequency controls not only tracks the terminal frequency during the system dynamic process bus also has an influence on it, and derives the relationship between GFL‐VSC and terminal frequency through a simplified model. This paper further derives a more generic relationship considering the influences of q‐axis current and grid voltage amplitude variation, which were ignored in previous research. The relationship has proven to be effective and valid. Several influencing factors are analysed to describe the ability to modify terminal frequency. Then the effect of GFL‐VSCs on the frequency distribution of power grid is studied. The frequency divider formula is improved by incorporating the relationship, which provides a frequency estimation formula applicable for system with multiple GFL‐VSCs. Two system‐level simulations verify the conclusion and related influencing factors are analysed.
Separating the causes of O–C variations in an RR Lyrae star with the Blazhko effect
Authors: Sylla S. , Kolenberg K. , Klotz A. , Colas F. , Baratoux D. , Le Borgne J. F. , Benkhaldoun Z. , Denoux E. , Ndao A. S. 
Published: September 2024

Context. To date, puzzlingly few bona fide RR Lyrae stars have been identified in binaries. Binarity in pulsating stars can be revealed through well-timed photometric data over sufficiently long time bases because of the light travel time effect (LTTE) on the pulsations, which manifests as variation in the timings of maximum light in the O−C (observed minus calculated) diagram. However, O−C variations can also have other causes, such as the Blazhko effect or a sudden or gradual change in the main pulsation period.
Aims. We approach this challenge by disentangling the Blazhko effect and period changes from the potential LTTE on V1109 Cas, an RR Lyrae star suspected to be part of a binary system based on its O−C data in the GEOS database. In doing so, we aim to uncover the subtler signals indicative of a companion (LTTE).
Methods. We analysed nine years of ground-based photometric data, using Fourier analysis to model the pulsation modulated by the Blazhko effect. From the fit to the observed light curves, we constructed a refined O−C diagram without the scatter caused by Blazhko modulation. Subsequently, we considered different possible scenarios, because distinguishing intrinsic period changes or breaks from the LTTE is challenging.
Results. If the remaining O−C variation is due to a period break, refining the O−C diagram can almost entirely remove the trends. If we interpret the variation as an LTTE, we can consider possible configurations. While we currently favour a period break as the explanation for the residual O−C variations, more data on the star in the forthcoming years will help reveal whether the O−C variations are due to the LTTE or intrinsic period changes.
Conclusions. Our study, based on a detailed light-curve fitting of V1109 Cas, offers insights into the discernment between Blazhko modulation, intrinsic period breaks, and the LTTE in binary systems. Our results highlight the complexity of determining binarity from O−C data traditionally used for detecting binary motion, calling for caution in this process.
Das respiratorisch-zirkulatorische Modell in der osteopathischen
Praxis
Authors: Tozzi Paolo 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDas respiratorisch-zirkulatorische Modell ist in der osteopathischen Praxis das
Bezugssystem schlechthin für alle Gase und Flüssigkeiten im Körper, wobei die
aktivierende Kraft in den Flüssigkeiten liegt, in all ihren körperlichen
Ausdrucksformen, v.a. aber in ihrer freien Zirkulation und Oxygenierungswirkung.
Historisch gesehen basiert dieses Modell in vielerlei Hinsicht auf der Arbeit
des amerikanischen Osteopathen Gordon Zink. Da in der osteopathischen
Philosophie die Flüssigkeiten eine herausragende Rolle spielen, in Gesundheit
wie in Krankheit, bei der Untersuchung ebenso wie bei der Behandlung, verkörpert
dieses Modell definitiv die tiefste Essenz der Osteopathie.
Das Ellenbogengelenk: ein Multitalent
Authors: Corts Magga 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDieser Artikel zeigt die detaillierte Anatomie des Ellenbogengelenks. Neben
den knöchernen Strukturen werden ausgewählte Muskeln, fasziale Strukturen und
Nervenverläufe betrachtet, die für die Funktionalität und die Pathomechanismen
interessant sind. Dysfunktionen, die sich aus den komplexen anatomischen
Zusammenhängen ergeben können, werden ausführlich beschrieben. Abschließend werden
das Gesamtsystem Körper und die Funktionalität des Ellenbogengelenks und die sich
gegenseitig beeinflussenden Faktoren betrachtet.
Hämoptysen bei schwergradiger OSA
Authors: Garhy Mohamed , Eggers Charlotte , Chwich Chiraz , Haasler Edgar , Schönhofer Bernd 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungVor dem Hintergrund, dass OSA als klinisch relevante Differenzialdiagnose von Hämoptysen in der Literatur nur sehr selten erwähnt wird, berichten wir über eine Patientin mit seit Längerem bestehenden Hämoptysen, die durch repetitive intrathorakale Negativdrucke infolge schwergradiger obstruktiver schlafbezogener Atmungsstörung verursacht wurden.Die 56-jährige übergewichtige Patientin (BMI 32 kg/m2), langjährige Raucherin
(40 PY) klagte über ausgeprägte Tagesmüdigkeit und stellte sich vor zwei Jahren im März als
auch letztes Jahr im Sommer wegen seit Längerem bestehenden, mild ausgeprägten Hämoptysen in
unserer Notaufnahme vor.Endoskopisch kam es jeweils nach Eintreten der Sedierung zum kompletten Kollaps des
Hypopharynx, der mit länger andauernden schweren obstruktiven Apnoen und massiven
inspiratorischen thorakalen Einziehungen einherging. Unmittelbar anschließend traten unter
bronchoskopischer Sicht multiple petechiale und großflächige Schleimhauteinblutungen sowie
frische Blutbeläge auf der Schleimhaut auf. Bei der ersten Vorstellung wünschte die Patientin
keine weitere Diagnostik. Bei der zweiten Vorstellung ergab eine Polysomnografie inkl.
transkutaner CO2-Messungen die Diagnose einer schwergradigen OSA in Kombination mit
Hypoventilation (AHI von 76/h, Entsättigungs-Index: 128/h; mittlerer pCO2-Wert von
56 mmHg). Die Therapie zur Behandlung der schwergradigen OSA bestand in der oronasalen
Überdrucktherapie.Wir weisen mit dieser Kasuistik auf die allgemein unterschätzte Bedeutung des starken intrathorakalen Negativdrucks bei schwergradiger OSA als mögliche Ursache von Hämoptysen hin.
Endoscopic ultrasound classification for prediction of endoscopic submucosal dissection resectability: PREDICT classification
Authors: Matsuura Noriko , Kato Motohiko , Iwata Kentaro , Miyazaki Kurato , Masunaga Teppei , Kubosawa Yoko , Mizutani Mari , Hayashi Yukie , Takabayashi Kaoru , Takatori Yusaku , Nakayama Atsushi , Okabayashi Koji , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Kitagawa Yuko , Yahagi Naohisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and study aims The safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been reported, and the risk of lymph node metastasis is low for colorectal cancer if depth of invasion is the only non-curative factor on histological evaluation. ESD is increasingly performed even if submucosal (SM) invasion is suspected. However, reports about endoscopic findings for the criteria to predict ESD resectability remain limited. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) can directly visualize the tomographic image of the gastrointestinal wall and may help predict ESD resectability. Therefore, we investigated the possibility of predicting ESD resectability using EUS.
Patients and methods We compared the association between EUS findings and pathological results for gastric or colorectal lesions with suspected SM invasion using white light endoscopy between June 2020 and January 2023. EUS findings were grouped based on the status of the underlying the tumor, as follows: Type I, submucosal layer was observed with reproducibility; Type II, submucosal layer not fully visible; and Type III, submucosal layer disrupted and muscularis propria (MP) layer thickened.
Results Forty-one gastric cancer and 22 colorectal cancer cases were analyzed. The proportions of pathological VM0 (no tumor exposed on any vertical margin) for ESD-resected specimens were 89% and 33% for Type I and II, respectively, (P ≤ 0.01). The proportions of cancer involving MP or deeper were significantly higher for Type II/III than for Type I (41% vs 0%, P ≤ 0.01).
Conclusions EUS may have an important role in predicting ESD resectability of gastric and colorectal cancers suspected of having SM invasion.
Zusammenhang zwischen der Fallzahl und Strukturmerkmalen und der
Ergebnisqualität von Perinatalzentren Level 1 für Frühgeborene an der Grenze der
Lebensfähigkeit
Authors: Thomas Teresa , Heller Günther , Rolle Udo , Thome Ulrich 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Die vorliegende Studie untersucht den Zusammenhang zwischen
Fallzahlen, Strukturmerkmalen und Ergebnisqualität, insbesondere für Kinder an
der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit.
Methoden Es wurden in den Jahren 2010–2015 in PNZ Level 1 erstbehandelte
AOK-versicherte Kinder mit einem Aufnahmegewicht (AG) von 250–1249g
eingeschlossen. Für Kinder an der Grenze der Lebensfähigkeit (250–499g AG)
wurden die Endpunkte Mortalität bzw. Mortalität oder Morbidität untersucht. Zum
Vergleich wurden Kinder mit 500–749g bzw. 750–1249g AG analysiert. Der Einfluss
kategorisierter Fallzahlen (in Quartilen) und Strukturmerkmale
(Universitätsklinikum und Kinderchirurgie) wurde mittels getrennter Regressionen
untersucht und Odds Ratios (OR) sowie mittels Simulationen potenziell
vermeidbare Sterbefälle bzw. schwerwiegende Ereignisse berechnet.
Ergebnisse Kinder mit 250–499g AG wiesen signifikant höhere
Überlebenswahrscheinlichkeiten bei Erstbehandlung in PNZ Level 1 mit einer
geschätzten Fallzahl von 62 Behandlungsfällen (250–1249g AG) pro Jahr (OR: 0,43;
95%–KI: 0,20–0,96) oder in universitären PNZ mit Kinderchirurgie (OR: 0,48;
95%–KI: 0,24–0,93) auf. Auch für Kinder mit 500–749g bzw. 750–1249g AG zeigte
sich ein positiver Einfluss der untersuchten Faktoren.
Schlussfolgerung Neben der Fallzahl haben auch Strukturmerkmale einen
relevanten positiven Einfluss auf die Ergebnisqualität. Zusätzliche
Anforderungen an PNZ mit Blick auf Strukturmerkmale wie auch eine höhere
Mindestmenge würden mit deutlich positiven Effekten auf das Outcome
einhergehen.