bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Revealing the Cosmic Web-dependent Halo Bias
Authors: Yang Xiaohu , Zhang Youcai , Lu Tianhuan , Wang Huiyuan , Shi Feng , Tweed Dylan , Li Shijie , Luo Wentao , Lu Yi , Yang Lei 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Halo bias is the one of the key ingredients of the halo models. It was shown at a given redshift to be only dependent, to the first order, on the halo mass. In this study, four types of cosmic web environments—clusters, filaments, sheets, and voids—are defined within a state-of-the-art high-resolution N-body simulation. Within these environments, we use both halo-dark matter cross correlation and halo-halo autocorrelation functions to probe the clustering properties of halos. The nature of the halo bias differs strongly between the four different cosmic web environments described here. With respect to the overall population, halos in clusters have significantly lower biases in the

mass range. In other environments, however, halos show extremely enhanced biases up to a factor 10 in voids for halos of mass

. Such a strong cosmic web environment dependence in the halo bias may play an important role in future cosmological and galaxy formation studies. Within this cosmic web framework, the age dependency of halo bias is found to be only significant in clusters and filaments for relatively small halos

.
Color Me Intrigued: The Discovery of iPTF 16fnm, an SN 2002cx–like Object
Authors: Miller A. A. , Kasliwal M. M. , Cao Y. , Adams S. M. , Goobar A. , Knežević S. , Laher R. R. , Lunnan R. , Masci F. J. , Nugent P. E. , Perley D. A. , Petrushevska T. , Quimby R. M. , Rebbapragada U. D. , Sollerman J. , Taddia F. , Kulkarni S. R. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Modern wide-field, optical time-domain surveys must solve a basic optimization problem: maximize the number of transient discoveries or minimize the follow-up needed for the new discoveries. Here, we describe the Color Me Intrigued experiment, the first from the intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) to search for transients simultaneously in the g
PTF and R
PTF bands. During the course of this experiment, we discovered iPTF 16fnm, a new member of the 02cx-like subclass of Type Ia supernovae (SNe). iPTF 16fnm peaked at

, making it the second-least-luminous known SN Ia. iPTF 16fnm exhibits all the hallmarks of the 02cx-like class: (i) low luminosity at peak, (ii) low ejecta velocities, and (iii) a non-nebular spectrum several months after peak. Spectroscopically, iPTF 16fnm exhibits a striking resemblance to two other low-luminosity 02cx-like SNe: SN 2007qd and SN 2010ae. iPTF 16fnm and SN 2005hk decline at nearly the same rate, despite a 3 mag difference in brightness at peak. When considering the full subclass of 02cx-like SNe, we do not find evidence for a tight correlation between peak luminosity and decline rate in either the g′ or r′ band. We measure the relative rate of 02cx-like SNe to normal SNe Ia and find

. We further examine the g′ − r′ evolution of 02cx-like SNe and find that their unique color evolution can be used to separate them from 91bg-like and normal SNe Ia. This selection function will be especially important in the spectroscopically incomplete Zwicky Transient Facility/Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) era. Finally, we close by recommending that LSST periodically evaluate, and possibly update, its observing cadence to maximize transient science.
Development and comparison of payment behaviour prediction models for two South African state departments
Authors: Fourie Erika , Verster Tanja , Van Vuuren Gary W. 
Published: October 2017

Background: No credit rating methodology currently exists for any of South Africa’s sub nationals.Aim: To develop a generic, quantitative credit rating methodology for the Department of Health and the Department of Education combined, as well as specific quantitative credit rating methodologies, for each department, individually.Setting: A comparison between generic and specific subnational credit rating methodologies to assess which fits the South African subnational environment best. Studies and results obtained from other nations were used to construct the approach.Methods: In a typical credit rating methodology, both quantitative and qualitative information is considered. In South Africa (as a developing economy), the quantitative information equates to a smaller portion of the final credit rating. A generic quantitative credit rating methodology, as well as specific credit rating methodologies, was developed. The appropriateness of these generic and specific models was tested with regards to prediction accuracies using Red, Amber or Green (RAG) statuses on a traffic light series. An illustration of the predicted versus actual ranks is provided, as well as an example to illustrate how model-predicted RAG statuses, based on quantitative information, may be overlaid with more recent qualitative information to derive a final ranking.Results: A generic, quantitative credit rating methodology for the Departments of Health and the Department of Education combined was developed, as well as specific credit rating methodologies for each department separately. The specific subnational credit rating methodology outperformed the generic methodology considerably; more precisely, the generic models predicted a maximum of 50% of the new cases correctly as opposed to the specific Health and Education models’ 78%.Conclusion: The primary contribution of this study was to develop and compare generic and specific subnational credit rating methodologies. A further contribution was to test the appropriateness of these models’ prediction accuracies using RAG statutes. The specific subnational credit rating methodology was found to outperform the generic methodology considerably.
Malignant Myeloma in a Patient after Treatment for Osteoporosis with Teriparatide; a Rare Coincidence
Authors: Forslund Terje , Koski Anna-Mari , Koistinen Arvo , Sikiö Anu 
Published: October 2017

A breakthrough in understanding of mechanisms of bone structure regulation has brought about the introduction of the new synthetic recombinant human parathyroid hormone 1–34 (PTH1-34; Teriparatide) in the treatment of osteoporosis. These mechanisms, involving the RANKL, RANK, and osteoprotegerin system, are also known to be involved in malignant myeloma (MM) and tumor and bone metastasis development. We report a case in which MM was found after treatment of osteoporosis with teriparatide. We were unable to demonstrate any direct association between the MM and teriparatide treatment. However, it seemed intriguing that similar mechanisms are activated in the development of MM as those being working during teriparatide treatment. In the view of our case, we propose that MM by examination of serum protein fraction should be searched for prior to treatment with teriparatide as it is an exclusion criterion in teriparatide treatment of secondary osteoporosis. A search for other metastatic diseases prior to teriparatide treatment should eventually also be considered. The theoretical basis for our proposal is discussed.
A Case of Tubulointerstitial Nephritis and Uveitis (TINU) Syndrome with High ASLO Titer
Authors: Kashiwagi Yasuyo , Suzuki Shunsuke , Fujioka Tao , Oana Shingo , Kawashima Hisashi , Takekuma Kouji , Hoshika Akinori 
Published: October 2017

Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) syndrome is a rare autoimmune disease and the pathogenesis is still unknown. We report a case of TINU syndrome with high ASLO titer. Uveitis improved and urine β2-MG normalized with low dose systemic predonisolone and cyclosporin A. The high ASLO titer in early phase suggested that streptococcal infection might have triggered TINU syndrome. Lymphocyte phenotypes normalized after treatment with low dose systemic predonisolone and cyclosporin A.
Cerebral Sinus and Venous Thrombosis Associated with von Willebrand Factor, Independently of Factor VIII
Authors: Terashima Mari , Kataoka Hiroshi , Horikawa Hirosei , Nakagawa Hiroyuki , Taoka Toshiaki , Matsumoto Masanori , Saito Kozue , Kichikawa Kimihiko , Ueno Satoshi 
Published: October 2017

Background and purpose Previous studies have linked procoagulant factor VIII (F VIII) to an increased risk of venous thrombosis, whereas the relation between plasma von Willebrand factor (VWF) and venous thrombosis remains poorly understood. Elevated VWF levels are frequently found in patients with cerebral sinus and venous thrombosis (CSVT), always in association with high F VIII levels. We describe a patient with CSVT accompanied by elevated VWF levels without high F VIII levels. Case description A 23-year-old healthy man who had headache noticed difficulty in moving the right hand. On the following day, he lost consciousness and had partial seizures of the right hand. After regaining consciousness, weakness of the right extremities developed. The cranial angiogram confirmed occlusion of the superior sagittal sinus. The levels of VWF and F VIII were 238% and 101.9 IU/dl, respectively. We performed balloon percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and mechanical thrombectomy, leading to successful recanalization of the intracranial sinuses. VWF levels were decreased along with radiographic improvement, independently of F VIII. Conclusion VWF may contribute to CSVT and that inhibition of VWF activity potentially has a role in the future treatment of pathological conditions related to venous thrombosis.
Elongated Styloid Process and Cervical Spondylosis
Authors: Unlu Zeliha , Orguc Sebnem , Eskiizmir Gorkem , Aslan Asim , Bayindir Petek 
Published: October 2017

Background Dysphagia, is a significant sign of many different lesions in upper digestive system especially in proximal esophagus. Tumors, gastroesophageal reflux, achalasia and extrinsic compressions are the most common causes that may lead to dysphagia in geriatric population. Cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia, is one of the uncommon reasons of dysphagia, therefore other causes of dysphagia must be excluded to establish the exact diagnosis. Eagle syndrome is one of the considerable reason which may lead to misdiagnosis in patients with cervical osteophytes. In this case report, we represent four patients who had dysphagia due to anteriorly located cervical osteophytes and evaluate the patients with special reference to Eagle syndrome. Material and methods After a detailed anamnesis and ENT examination, cervical plain radiographs in four projections and Towne radiographs were obtained for every patient. After that, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cervical spine and barium swallowing studies were performed to evaluate the presence of esophageal compression. Results Eagle syndrome was excluded due to absence of other symptoms and physical signs, eventhough unilateral or bilateral elongation of styloid processes was found in all of the patients. Conclusion Cervical osteophytes induced dysphagia is a rare clinical entity, diagnosis should be done by a careful examination, intensive radiologic evaluation. Moreover, all the other causes like Eagle syndrome should be excluded during the diagnosis of cervical osteophyte induced dysphagia.
Successful Management of Multifactorial Colitis in a Recipient of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant: A Case Report
Authors: Al-Anazi Khalid A. , Al-Jasser Asma M. , Abdulwahab Amal , Sahovic Entezam , Almana Hadeel , Fadda Mohammed A. Al 
Published: October 2017

Recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant can develop life-threatening complications at any time following their transplants. These complications require repeated clinical assessment, appropriate and thorough screening as well as a comprehensive management approach. We report a young adult male who received a sibling allograft in the second complete remission of his acute lymphoblastic leukemia at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre in Riyadh. The patient developed severe colitis which was caused by: acute exacerbation of chronic graft versus host disease of the lower gastrointestinal tract, cytomegalovirus disease of the colon and a superadded Salmonella infection caused by food poisoning. The multifactorial colitis was properly investigated and successfully managed. To our knowledge, this is the first case of multifactorial colitis in a recipient of hematopoietic stem cell transplant.
Nizatidine Improves Impaired Salivary Secretion in GERD
Authors: Urita Yoshihisa , Watanabe Toshiyasu , Hike Kazuo , Nanami Makie , Maeda Tadashi , Sasaki Yosuke , Nakayama Asuka , Ishii Takamasa , Domon Kaoru , Ishihara Susumu , Sanaka Masaki , Nakajima Hitoshi , Sugimoto Motonobu 
Published: October 2017

During esophageal acid clearance, salivation plays an important role in defending the esophageal mucosa. Nizatidine, a histamine H2 receptor antagonist, inhibits acetylcholine esterase, with a resultant increase in acetylcholine. We experienced a patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and impaired salivary secretion who has been successfully treated with nizatidine. Case report A 63-year-old female visited our hospital with complaints of heartburn and continuous laryngeal discomfort. Saliva scintigraphy was performed to evaluate the salivary function. Washout ratio was decreased to be 25%–40% in individual salivary gland. After the treatment with nizatidine, salivary scintigraphy demonstrated the increased washout ratios. The values of both parotid glands increased up to 90%, whereas those of submandibular glands improved to be around a normal range. GERD symptoms disappeared completely after treatment. In conclusion, nizatidine may be one of therapeutic options for low salivary excretion.
Characteristics of Activated Monocyte Phenotype Support R5-Tropic Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Authors: Munsaka Sody M. , Agsalda Melissa , Troelstrup David , Hu Ningjie , Yu Qigui , Shiramizu Bruce 
Published: October 2017

Background Microbial translocation has been recognized as an important factor in monocyte activation and contributing to AIDS pathogenesis with elevated plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels, as a marker for microbial translocation, seen in advanced HIV disease. Therefore, the current study was undertaken to assess monocyte activation in vitro by LPS and to determine its impact on monocyte phenotype. Methods Monocytes from non-HIV-infected donors were analyzed for CD14, CD16, CD69, TNFα, and CCR5 by flow cytometry pre- and post-stimulation with LPS. In-vitro cultures were then set up to expose non-activated and activated monocytes to R5-, X4-, and dual (R5/X4)-tropic viruses; and the amount of HIV present on the cells was assayed. Results Non-HIV-infected monocytes, after LPS stimulation, were confirmed to have an activated phenotype with increase in CD16 and CD69 surface expressions (p < 0.05). The activation phenotype was supported by increase in TNFα production, p < 0.05. The activated monocytes had increased surface CCR5 (from 21% to 98%; p = 0.05); and were found to have more R5-tropic virus than non-activated monocytes (p < 0.05). Conclusions Following activation by LPS, non-HIV-infected monocytes were found to have increase in surface CCR5. These activated monocytes, when exposed to R5-tropic virus, were found to have more virus compared to non-activated monocytes. The significance of the findings could lie in explaining how microbial translocation plays a role in HIV progression; and possibly promoting CCR5-directed strategies in treating HIV.
Generalized Autoimmunity of ANCA and ASCA Related to Severity of Disease in Autistic Children with GI Disease
Authors: Russo A.J. , Krigsman A , Jepson B , Wakefield Andrew 
Published: October 2017

Aim To assess serum Anti-Neutrophil cytoplasmic Antibody (ANCA—PR3 and MPO) and Anti-Saccharomyces Cerevisiæ Antibody (ASCA) levels in autistic children with severe gastrointestinal (GI) disease and to test the hypothesis that there is generalized autoimmunity in a subpopulation of autistic children with severe GI disease and that this autoimmunity is associated with the severity of GI disease. Subjects and Methods Serum from 40 autistic children with chronic digestive disease (most with ileo-colonic lymphoid nodular hyperplasia (LNH) and inflammation of the colorectum, small bowel and/or stomach), and 24 controls (13 age matched autistic children with no GI disease and 11 age matched children without autism or GI disease) were tested using ELISAs designed to quantitate ANCA (PR3 and MPO) and ASCA levels. ANCA and ASCA concentration of autistic children with GI disease were compared to GI disease severity (including LNH and erythema). Results We previously reported that 6 of the 40 autistic children with GI disease in this study had anti-PR3 ANCA. All 6 of these also had anti-MPO IgG. In this study, we found that 6 of the 40 autistic children also had ASCA and 4 of these children with ASCA also had both anti-PR3 and anti-MPO ANCA. These 4 with ANCA and ASCA had significantly higher GI disease severity, particularly associated with LNH and erythema. Discussion These results suggest a general autoimmune response (ANCA and ASCA) in a sub group (high GI disease severity) of autistic children with GI disease. The presence of these autoantibodies may be a useful biomarker for autistic children with severe GI disease.
Uncertainty from the choice of microphysics scheme in convection-permitting models significantly exceeds aerosol effects
Authors: White Bethan , Gryspeerdt Edward , Stier Philip , Morrison Hugh , Thompson Gregory , Kipling Zak 
Published: October 2017

Abstract. This study investigates the hydrometeor development and response to cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) perturbations in convection-permitting model configurations. We present results from a real-data simulation of deep convection in the Congo basin, an idealised supercell case, and a warm-rain large-eddy simulation (LES). In each case we compare two frequently used double-moment bulk microphysics schemes and investigate the response to CDNC perturbations. We find that the variability among the two schemes, including the response to aerosol, differs widely between these cases. In all cases, differences in the simulated cloud morphology and precipitation are found to be significantly greater between the microphysics schemes than due to CDNC perturbations within each scheme. Further, we show that the response of the hydrometeors to CDNC perturbations differs strongly not only between microphysics schemes, but the inter-scheme variability also differs between cases of convection. Sensitivity tests show that the representation of autoconversion is the dominant factor that drives differences in rain production between the microphysics schemes in the idealised precipitating shallow cumulus case and in a subregion of the Congo basin simulations dominated by liquid-phase processes. In this region, rain mass is also shown to be relatively insensitive to the radiative effects of an overlying layer of ice-phase cloud. The conversion of cloud ice to snow is the process responsible for differences in cold cloud bias between the schemes in the Congo. In the idealised supercell case, thermodynamic impacts on the storm system using different microphysics parameterisations can equal those due to aerosol effects. These results highlight the large uncertainty in cloud and precipitation responses to aerosol in convection-permitting simulations and have important implications not only for process studies of aerosol–convection interaction, but also for global modelling studies of aerosol indirect effects. These results indicate the continuing need for tighter observational constraints of cloud processes and response to aerosol in a range of meteorological regimes.
The influence of thermal properties on power transmission characteristics of HVDC cables – a factor analysis
Authors: Sonerud Björn , Loyens Wendy 
Published: October 2017

Power transmission capacity of HVDC cable links depend to a large extent on the voltage level but also on operating temperature and consequently conductor cross-section. A high operating temperature offers larger transmission capacity at a given conductor crosssection. However, an increasing temperature will alsoincrease the conductor loss and the associated costs. The most beneficial design choice is seldom straightforward and involves a trade-off between several design parameters. In this paper the influence of thermal properties of the insulating material and the surrounding soil, as well as operating temperature and conductor cross-section, is investigated by means of factor analysis with respect to important criteria such as transmission capacity, loss and associated cost of operation. This approach is chosen in order to separate different influencing factors as well as elucidating the interaction between said factors.
Investigation of a Flat Connector Concept Potential for Low and Medium Vacuum Conditions
Authors: Driessen A.B.J.M. , Van Duivenbode J. , Wouters P.A.A.F. 
Published: October 2017

Higher actuator voltages are required for future generation lithography machines to increase productivity. The operating pressures in combination with relevant insulation distances, can be situated near gas breakdown and cause partial discharge activity, making long-term damage conceivable. High voltage cone-shape connectors with pliable insulation can be applied for the low and medium vacuum range. However, materials and space are restricted making a cone shaped connector not ideal. In this paper, a flat connector concept is presented with a pliable insulation material allowed to be used for the aforementioned application. The permittivity of this material is measured and simulation results of the connector reveal critical design points. A prototype connector is made and its partial discharge inception voltage is characterized for the low and medium vacuum range. The results are discussed and compared with simulations.
Morphology Development, Structure and Dielectric Properties of Biaxially Oriented Polypropylene
Authors: Rytöluoto Ilkka , Ritamäki Mikael , Gitsas Antonis , Pasanen Satu , Lahti Kari 
Published: October 2017

This paper outlines our recent study on effects of cast film extrusion and biaxial orientation on the morphological development and dielectric performance of biaxially oriented polypropylene (PP) films based on two capacitor-grade isotactic PP (iPP) raw materials. Results on polymorphic composition, melting behavior, microstructure and dielectric properties are reported. Morphological development during film manufacturing is found to have a profound effect on film structure and dielectric characteristics. Formation of structural defects was traced back to beta --> alfa crystal transformation upon biaxial stretching.
Influence of manufacturing process on electrical properties of LDPE-GnP nanocomposites
Authors: Gaska Karolina , Xu Xiangdong , Kádár Roland , Ganjipour Bahram , Yurgens Avgust , Gubanski Stanislaw 
Published: October 2017

In this report electrical properties of the nanocomposite samples, prepared from graphene nanoplatelet (GnP) loaded low density polyethylene (LDPE) by extrusion and compression molding, were examined in order to elucidate the impacts of the nanoplatelets size and material’s manufacturing process. It is shown that the extrusion forces a strong anisotropy in material’s morphology. The graphene nanoplatelets become aligned along the flow direction. As compared to pure LDPE, a significant reductions of the through-plane low field electric conductivity is found in such samples. On the other hand, the samples produced by press molding exhibit slightly higher level of electric conductivity, which is connected to their less aligned microstructure and filler dispersion. For comparison results of measurements on LDPE-graphene monolayer sandwiches are also presented.