bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The reciprocal relationship between daily fatigue and catastrophizing following cancer treatment: Affect and physical activity as potential mediators
Authors: Müller Fabiola , Stephenson Ellen , DeLongis Anita , Smink Ans , Van Ginkel Robert J. , Tuinman Marrit A. , Hagedoorn Mariët 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveFatigue is a distressing symptom many cancer patients experience even after completion of treatment. Although theory and empirical evidence indicate that negative cognitions perpetuate fatigue after completion of treatment, insight into how this process unfolds in daily life is limited. This study used an intensive longitudinal design to investigate the reciprocal relationship between catastrophizing and fatigue in daily life and whether affective and behavioral processes mediate these relationships.MethodsPost‐treatment colorectal cancer patients (n = 101) completed daily diaries (14 days, 3 times daily) regarding their fatigue, catastrophizing, positive and negative affect, and physical activity. Multilevel modeling was applied to investigate within‐person associations within days.ResultsAnalyses revealed a positive reciprocal relationship between fatigue and catastrophizing throughout the day. That is, high levels of catastrophizing were associated with increases in fatigue within patients. In turn, but to a lesser extent, high levels of fatigue predicted increases in catastrophizing at the next assessment. Low positive affect and high negative affect mediated the effect of catastrophizing on increases in fatigue. Only negative affect mediated the reverse relationship. Physical activity did not mediate either relationship.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for a mutually reinforcing relationship between catastrophizing and fatigue in daily life, which might explain the perpetuation of fatigue after completion of cancer treatment. Fatigue‐specific cognitive behavior therapy could be improved by educating patients about this daily reciprocal relationship, train them to quickly replace catastrophizing thoughts in daily life, and help them to cope with affective changes induced by fatigue.
Artifact Reduction Based on Sinogram Interpolation for the 3D Reconstruction of Nanoparticles Using Electron Tomography
Authors: Sentosun Kadir , Lobato Ivan , Bladt Eva , Zhang Yang , Palenstijn Willem Jan , Batenburg Kees Joost , Van Dyck Dirk , Bals Sara 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElectron tomography is a well‐known technique providing a 3D characterization of the morphology and chemical composition of nanoparticles. However, several reasons hamper the acquisition of tilt series with a large number of projection images, which deteriorate the quality of the 3D reconstruction. Here, an inpainting method that is based on sinogram interpolation is proposed, which enables one to reduce artifacts in the reconstruction related to a limited tilt series of projection images. The advantages of the approach will be demonstrated for the 3D characterization of nanoparticles using phantoms and several case studies.
Bone mineral density is related to lung function outcomes in young people with cystic fibrosis—A retrospective study
Authors: Smith Nathan , Lim Angelina , Yap Matthew , King Louise , James Simon , Jones Alicia , Ranganathan Sarath , Simm Peter 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionImprovements in the medical management of cystic fibrosis (CF) in recent years have resulted in increased prevalence of long‐term sequelae of the condition, such as low bone mineral density (BMD) and hence an increased risk of fractures in later life.Aim To explore the interaction between BMD and lung function, nutrition, and genotype.MethodsThis study was a retrospective audit of 202 children with CF from August 2000 to January 2016 to investigate associations between BMD Z‐scores with clinical status, nutrition, and genetics using dual‐energy absorptiometry X‐ray data from the Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Australia.ResultsSeverity of both lung disease (P < 0.0001) and nutritional status (P < 0.05) was found to be strongly associated with BMD Z‐scores.ConclusionsThis is the biggest study to date to provide further evidence that the severity of pulmonary disease is related to BMD in CF patients and therefore screening guidelines for bone health in children with CF should target individuals with the poorest clinical status.
The respiratory system in pediatric chronic heart disease
Authors: Apostolopoulou Sotiria C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCardiovascular disease in the pediatric population closely affects the respiratory system inducing water retention in the lungs and pulmonary edema, airway compression by cardiovascular structures, restrictive pulmonary physiology as a result of hemodynamic changes and surgical repair, susceptibility to respiratory infections, development of pulmonary hypertension, thrombosis, or hemorrhage. Chronic heart failure and congenital heart disease are characterized by various respiratory manifestations and symptoms mimicking lung disease, which are frequently difficult to diagnose and treat. Pulmonary function is multiply affected in pediatric heart disease with mostly restrictive but also obstructive and diffusion abnormalities. Patients with Fontan circulation represent a separate group with slow, passive pulmonary blood flow and distinct pathophysiology with low cardiac output heart failure, restrictive lung pattern, increased thromboembolic complications and rare conditions such as protein losing enteropathy and plastic bronchitis. Distinguishing between cardiovascular and pulmonary symptoms may be challenging in the growing population of pediatric and adult survivors of congenital heart disease and understanding of the relationship of the two systems in heart disease is crucial for the optimal management of these patients.
Covariant Field Equations in Supergravity
Authors: Vanhecke Bram , Van Proeyen Antoine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCovariance is a useful property for handling supergravity theories. In this paper, we prove a covariance property of supergravity field equations: under reasonable conditions, field equations of supergravity are covariant modulo other field equations. We prove that for any supergravity there exist such covariant equations of motion, other than the regular equations of motion, that are equivalent to the latter. The relations that we find between field equations and their covariant form can be used to obtain multiplets of field equations. In practice, the covariant field equations are easily found by simply covariantizing the ordinary field equations.
Increased chalcone synthase (CHS) expression is associated with dicamba resistance in Kochia scoparia
Authors: Pettinga Dean J , Ou Junjun , Patterson Eric L , Jugulam Mithila , Westra Philip , Gaines Todd A 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDResistance to the synthetic auxin herbicide dicamba is increasingly problematic in Kochia scoparia. The resistance mechanism in an inbred dicamba‐resistant K. scoparia line (9425R) was investigated using physiological and transcriptomics (RNA‐Seq) approaches.RESULTSNo differences were found in dicamba absorption or metabolism between 9425R and a dicamba‐susceptible line, but 9425R was found to have significantly reduced dicamba translocation. Known auxin‐responsive genes ACC synthase (ACS) and indole‐3‐acetic acid amino synthetase (GH3) were transcriptionally induced following dicamba treatment in dicamba‐susceptible K. scoparia but not in 9425R. Chalcone synthase (CHS), the gene regulating synthesis of the flavonols quertecin and kaemperfol, was found to have twofold higher transcription in 9425R both without and 12 h after dicamba treatment. Increased CHS transcription co‐segregated with dicamba resistance in a forward genetics screen using an F2 population.CONCLUSIONPrior work has shown that the flavonols quertecin and kaemperfol compete with auxin for intercellular movement and vascular loading via ATP‐binding cassette subfamily B (ABCB) membrane transporters. The results of this study support a model in which constitutively increased CHS expression in the meristem produces more flavonols that would compete with dicamba for intercellular transport by ABCB transporters, resulting in reduced dicamba translocation. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Establishing the routes to rural in‐migrant proprietorship in a Canadian tourism region: A mobilities perspective
Authors: Mitchell Clare J.A. , Shannon Meghan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article contributes to the ongoing conversation about in‐migration and rural economic change in the mobility era. It addresses the question: do rural in‐migrants' routes to proprietorship differ in developing tourism destinations? To answer this query, we analyse the migration movement, and postmovement performances, of rural Newfoundland and Labrador's in‐migrant tourism operators. We identify the dominant incoming groups (resident and seasonal counterurbanites and lateral migrants) and major destination choice motivations (family, amenity, and economics). We describe the business activities of in‐migrants' postmovement lives (early‐ and late‐stage) and the reasons for business operation (economic and noneconomic). By combining this movement and performance information, we uncover 12 business trajectories and new firm types. We find that counterurbanite and lateral migrant paths, and business types, differ, supporting the inclusion of both cohorts in future research. Our findings confirm and extend extant literature on rural in‐migration and tourism and reify the fluid relationship between movement and place in the mobility era.
Informality and the context of reception in South Africa's new immigrant destinations
Authors: Theodore Nik , Pretorius Anmar , Blaauw Derick , Schenck Catherina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study examines the context of reception for Zimbabwean migrants who are engaged in South Africa's informal economy. It seeks to contribute to two areas of migration scholarship: (a) the emergence of new immigrant destinations in the global South and (b) the role of the informal economy in shaping the context of reception for migrants in new gateway cities. Through surveys of Zimbabwean day labourers in Tshwane (formerly Pretoria), we document the poverty and the food and housing insecurity these migrants and their dependents endure resulting from underemployment in the informal economy. The analysis presented here suggests that although it has received little attention from migration scholars, the informal economy can play a significant role in shaping the context of reception for immigrants in the new gateway cities of the global South. In many destination countries, the informal economy absorbs large numbers of migrants, making it an important, if flawed, source of employment, earnings, and remittances. With increasing levels of migration to major cities, the informal economy has become a key arena of migrant incorporation, with far‐reaching implications for lives and livelihoods.
On the evolution of planetary‐scale fields and genesis of monsoon depressions over the Indian region
Authors: Mishra S. K. 
Published: October 2017

Daily composite Fourier coefficients of height, zonal, meridional and vertical velocity, temperature, vorticity and divergence for zonal wave numbers 0–4, during 7 days of pre‐ and 4 days of post‐depression, from 1000 to 200 hPa in the latitude belt 0–30°N are obtained for six monsoon depressions formed over the Bay of Bengal in the years 2006–2008. The planetary‐scale fields zonally averaged over the Indian region (75–96°E) are examined. Consistent with the quasi‐geostrophic approximation, in the northern sector (15–30°N) the monsoon trough, the low‐level westerlies and the vorticity are strongly intensified and progressively extended upward to 400 hPa preceding depressions. Wave number 1 is the dominant contributor towards the strengthening and vertical upward expansion of these entities linked to an increase of its amplitude in the lower‐ and a large westward phase shift in the mid‐troposphere, respectively. The cyclonic shear zone in the lower troposphere is developed to the north of 15°N due to the combined effect of intensification and sharp decrease of meridional scale of the westerlies. Different northward speeds of the zonal wind reversal and westerly maximum creates a strong cyclonic zone 2 days before depressions at 400 hPa. The planetary‐scale zonal flow in the troposphere satisfies the necessary condition for barotropic instability. The northward (westward) movement of wave number 1 at 400 hPa is 0.73° latitude (5.6° longitude) day−1. An intensification of direct thermal meridional circulation is associated with a southward and upward shift of the primary rising motion zone.The planetary waves have captured the main characteristics of observed vertical and latitudinal profiles of unstable background zonal flow, used earlier for instability studies. It is concluded that wave number 1 is the main contributor to genesis of a depression. The planetary fields weakened in the presence of depressions mainly due to wave numbers 3 and 4.
Possible causes for rippling in a multivacancy graphene system
Authors: Mombrú Dominique , Faccio Ricardo , Mombrú Alvaro W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe occurrence of ripples in an eight‐atom vacancy graphene system was analyzed through first principles calculations based on density functional theory. The study focuses on the conditions that should be considered in order that ripples could occur in the single layer defected graphene. The vacancies concentration, especially the pentagonal figures formed after relaxation of the vacant system, and the distances between neighbor pentagons, are found to be key aspects for rippling occurrence, with no charge distribution consequence. Two different configurations of rippling have been found where the position of the pentagonal figures is discussed as the driving force for any of them to occur.
Finite‐time boundary stabilization of reaction‐diffusion systems
Authors: Wu Kai‐Ning , Sun Han‐Xiao , Shi Peng , Lim Cheng‐Chew 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn this paper, the problem of boundary finite‐time stabilization is considered for reaction‐diffusion systems (RDSs). First, a full‐domain controller is designed, and sufficient conditions are given to ensure finite‐time stability of RDSs under the designed controller. Then, for practical applications, a boundary controller is designed to obtain finite‐time stability. By virtue of the finite‐time stability lemma, criteria are presented to guarantee the finite‐time stability of RDSs for the Neumann boundary conditions and the mixed boundary conditions. As an extension to uncertain RDSs, robust finite‐time stabilization is studied, and criterion is obtained under the boundary control. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.
Immunity to CRISPR Cas9 and Cas12a therapeutics
Authors: Chew Wei Leong 
Published: October 2017

Genome‐editing therapeutics are poised to treat human diseases. As we enter clinical trials with the most promising CRISPR‐Cas9 and CRISPR‐Cas12a (Cpf1) modalities, the risks associated with administering these foreign biomolecules into human patients become increasingly salient. Preclinical discovery with CRISPR‐Cas9 and CRISPR‐Cas12a systems and foundational gene therapy studies indicate that the host immune system can mount undesired responses against the administered proteins and nucleic acids, the gene‐edited cells, and the host itself. These host defenses include inflammation via activation of innate immunity, antibody induction in humoral immunity, and cell death by T‐cell‐mediated cytotoxicity. If left unchecked, these immunological reactions can curtail therapeutic benefits and potentially lead to mortality. Ways to assay and reduce the immunogenicity of Cas9 and Cas12a proteins are therefore critical for ensuring patient safety and treatment efficacy, and for bringing us closer to realizing the vision of permanent genetic cures. WIREs Syst Biol Med 2018, 10:e1408. doi: 10.1002/wsbm.1408This article is categorized under:

Laboratory Methods and Technologies > Genetic/Genomic Methods
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Translational Medicine
Translational, Genomic, and Systems Medicine > Therapeutic Methods
Towards next-to-next-to-leading-log accuracy for the width difference in the $$ {B}_s-{\overline{B}}_s $$ system: fermionic contributions to order (m

c

/m

b
)0 and (m

c

/m

b
)1
Authors: Asatrian H. M. , Hovhannisyan A. , Nierste U. , Yeghiazaryan A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We calculate a class of three-loop Feynman diagrams which contribute to the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic approximation for the width difference ΔΓ
s
in the $$ {B}_s-{\overline{B}}_s $$

B
s

−

B
¯

s

system. The considered diagrams contain a closed fermion loop in a gluon propagator and constitute the order α

s

2
N
f
, where N
f
is the number of light quarks. Our results entail a considerable correction in that order, if ΔΓ
s
is expressed in terms of the pole mass of the bottom quark. If the $$ \overline{\mathrm{MS}} $$

M
S

¯

scheme is used instead, the correction is much smaller. As a result, we find a decrease of the scheme dependence. Our result also indicates that the usually quoted value of the NLO renormalization scale dependence underestimates the perturbative error.
Landscape genomics analysis of Achyranthes bidentata reveal adaptive genetic variations are driven by environmental variations relating to ecological habit
Authors: Yang Jie , Li Yong , Miao Cai‐Yun , Mao Run‐Li 
Published: October 2017

AbstractKnowledge on adaptive genetic variation in response to environmental variation is the key to understanding the adaptive evolution potential of species. China's warm‐temperate zone is an important climatic zone, but only a few landscape genomics studies have been conducted to understand the adaptive evolution of regional vegetation. In this study, natural populations of Achyranthes bidentata Blume were sampled in China's warm‐temperate zone to infer its adaptive evolution using landscape genomics methods. Four SCoT primers were used to investigate the adaptive evolution of A. bidentata in response to environmental variation across the warm‐temperate zone of China. A total of 126 individuals from fifteen natural populations were successfully scored, and 202 unambiguous fragments were obtained. Twenty‐three outlier loci were identified, eighteen outlier loci were significantly associated with environmental variables. Redundancy analytical results suggested that four environmental variables related to temperature and precipitation remarkably influenced the distribution of loci. The results provide empirical evidence that molecular markers with bias toward candidate functional genes might be suitable for landscape genomics studies. Temperature and precipitation jointly drive the adaptive evolution of A. bidentata. The key driving environmental factors identified in this study are mostly related to the ecological habit of A. bidentata. The species personality, i.e., ecological habit, seems to play an important role in the adaptive differentiation on A. bidentata.
Quantitative trait loci affecting intensity of violet flower colour in potato
Authors: Śliwka Jadwiga , Brylińska Marta , Stefańczyk Emil , Jakuczun Henryka , Wasilewicz-Flis Iwona , Sołtys-Kalina Dorota , Strzelczyk-Żyta Danuta , Szajko Katarzyna , Marczewski Waldemar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAnthocyanins occur in potato tuber skin and flesh, sprouts, leaves, stems and flowers. The goal of this study was to identify genomic regions and candidate gene alleles key for accumulation of anthocyanins in potato corolla in various quantities. QTL analyses were performed in two mapping populations segregating for flower colour intensity and candidate genes were identified on the basis of function and location (chalcone isomerase, chi; chalcone synthase, chs) or location (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase 1, RDR1). We detected three and four QTL affecting the violet flower colour intensity using the two mapping populations, respectively. In both populations a locus F, necessary for violet flower colour, segregated and we used different approaches to differentiate the qualitative effect of this locus and to detect the genetic factors affecting the quantitative flower colour intensity. The strongest QTL and the only one common for the two mapping populations was located on chromosome V. The role of all three candidate genes, chi, chs and RDR1, in control of flower colour intensity is supported to different extents by the performed genetic analyses. The most important QTL on chromosome V is most likely in the same position as the QTL for anthocyanin tuber flesh coloration described previously, which indicates that the natural variation in some biosynthetic and/or regulatory genes may influence anthocyanin levels in multiple tissues.
Educational Pairings, Motherhood, and Women’s Relative Earnings in Europe
Authors: Van Bavel Jan , Klesment Martin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs a consequence of the reversal of the gender gap in education, the female partner in a couple now typically has as much as or more education compared with the male partner in most Western countries. This study addresses the implications for the earnings of women relative to their male partners in 16 European countries. Using the 2007 and 2011 rounds of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (N = 58,292), we investigate the extent to which international differences in women’s relative earnings can be explained by educational pairings and their interaction with the motherhood penalty on women’s earnings, by international differences in male unemployment, or by cultural gender norms. We find that the newly emerged pattern of hypogamy is associated with higher relative earnings for women in all countries and that the motherhood penalty on relative earnings is considerably lower in hypogamous couples, but neither of these findings can explain away international country differences. Similarly, male unemployment is associated with higher relative earnings for women but cannot explain away the country differences. Against expectations, we find that the hypogamy bonus on women’s relative earnings, if anything, tends to be stronger rather than weaker in countries that exhibit more conservative gender norms.
Correlation of medial temporal lobe atrophy with seizures in Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment: A case control study
Authors: Dhikav Vikas , Duraisawmy Sharmila , Anand Kuljeet 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background Seizures are common accompaniment of neurodegenerative disease. Though, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause, but seizures also occasionally occur in mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Material & methods We studied patients of Subjective Memory Complaints coming to the Department of Neurology of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Northern India from July 2012 to July 2015. A total of 171 patients were studied. Those with a diagnosis of AD/MCI with seizures were taken for the current study. A total of 30 controls with chronic diseases were taken for comparison. Medial Temporal Lobe Atrophy (MTA) Rating was done using Sheleten’s Visual Rating Scale.
Results A total of 256 patients were screened and 171 had dementia of Alzheimer’s type (n = 75; M:F = 60:15) and 96 patients had MCI (M:F = 76:20). The mean MMSE of those with AD was 18.5 ± 3.3 was and that of the MCI was 26.6 ± 2.4. A total of 9 cases with AD had seizures and 6 had seizures in MCI group (total n = 15). Moderately strong correlation was obtained between MMSE of AD patients having seizures and MTA scoring.
Conclusions Seizures are common in dementia of Alzheimer’s type and not uncommon in MCI. They have the potential to worsen the cognitive profile of the patient and need attention in these patients.