bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The ocelli of Archaeognatha (Hexapoda): Functional morphology, pigment migration and chemical nature of the reflective tapetum
Authors: Böhm Alexander , Pass Günther 
Published: July 2016

The ocelli of Archaeognatha, or jumping bristletails, differ from typical insect ocelli in shape and field of view. While the shape of the lateral ocelli is highly variable among species, most Machiloidea have sole shaped lateral ocelli beneath the compound eyes and a median ocellus that is oriented downward. This study investigated morphological and physiological aspects of the ocelli of Machilis hrabei and Lepismachilis spp.The light reflecting ocellar tapetum in Machilis hrabei is made up by xanthine nanocrystals, as demonstrated by confocal Raman spectroscopy. Pigment granules in the photoreceptor cells move behind the tapetum in the dark adapted state. Such a vertical pigment migration in combination with a tapetum has not been described for any insect ocellus so far. The pigment migration has a dynamic range of around 4 log units and is maximally sensitive to green light. Adaptation from darkness to bright light lasts over an hour, which is slow compared to the radial pupil mechanism in some dragonflies and locusts.
The frequency distribution of vitamin D Receptor fok I gene polymorphism among Ugandan pulmonary TB patients
Authors: Acen Ester L. , Worodria William , Mulamba Peter , Kambugu Andrew , Erume Joseph 
Published: July 2016

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) is still a major problem globally and especially in Africa. Vitamin D deficiency has been linked to TB in the past and studies have found vitamin D deficiency to be common among Ugandan TB patients. The functional activity of vitamin D is dependent on the genotype of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) polymorphic genes. Recent findings have indicated that VDR polymorphisms may cause increased resistance or susceptibility to TB. The vitamin D ligand and its receptor play a pivotal role in innate immunity by eliciting antimicrobial activity, which is important in prevention of TB. The fok I vitamin D receptor gene has extensively been examined in TB patients but findings so far have been inconclusive. Objectives: This study sought to investigate the frequency distribution of the VDR fok I gene polymorphisms in pulmonary TB patients and controls. Methods: A pilot case control study of 41 newly diagnosed TB patients and 41 healthy workers was set up. Vitamin D receptor fok I gene was genotyped. Results: The frequency distribution of fok I genotype in Ugandan TB patients was 87.8% homozygous-dominant (FF), 7.3% (Ff) heterozygous and 4.8% (ff) homozygous recessive. For normal healthy subjects the frequencies were (FF) 92.6%, (Ff) 2.4% and (ff) 4.8%. No significant difference was observed in the FF and ff genotypes among TB patients and controls. The Ff heterozygous genotype distribution appeared more in TB patients than in controls. A significant difference was observed in the fok I genotype among gender p value 0.02. No significant difference was observed in ethnicity, p value 0.30. Conclusions: The heterozygous Ff fok I genotype may be associated with TB in the Ugandan population.
Automated quality control for genome wide association studies
Authors: Ellingson Sally R. , Fardo David W. 
Published: July 2016

This paper provides details on the necessary steps to assess and control data in genome wide association studies (GWAS) using genotype information on a large number of genetic markers for large number of individuals. Due to varied study designs and genotyping platforms between multiple sites/projects as well as potential genotyping errors, it is important to ensure high quality data. Scripts and directions are provided to facilitate others in this process.
A CFD model for analysis of performance, water and thermal distribution, and mechanical related failure in PEM fuel cells
Authors: Al-Baghdadi Maher A.R. Sadiq 
Published: July 2016

This paper presents a comprehensive three–dimensional, multi–phase, non-isothermal model of a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell that incorporates significant physical processes and key parameters affecting the fuel cell performance. The model construction involves equations derivation, boundary conditions setting, and solution algorithm flow chart. Equations in gas flow channels, gas diffusion layers (GDLs), catalyst layers (CLs), and membrane as well as equations governing cell potential and hygro-thermal stresses are described. The algorithm flow chart starts from input of the desired cell current density, initialization, iteration of the equations solution, and finalizations by calculating the cell potential. In order to analyze performance, water and thermal distribution, and mechanical related failure in the cell, the equations are solved using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) code. Performance analysis includes a performance curve which plots the cell potential (Volt) against nominal current density (A/cm2) as well as losses. Velocity vectors of gas and liquid water, liquid water saturation, and water content profile are calculated. Thermal distribution is then calculated together with hygro-thermal stresses and deformation. The CFD model was executed under boundary conditions of 20°C room temperature, 35% relative humidity, and 1 MPA pressure on the lower surface. Parameters values of membrane electrode assembly (MEA) and other base conditions are selected. A cell with dimension of 1 mm x 1 mm x 50 mm is used as the object of analysis. The nominal current density of 1.4 A/cm2 is given as the input of the CFD calculation. The results show that the model represents well the performance curve obtained through experiment. Moreover, it can be concluded that the model can help in understanding complex process in the cell which is hard to be studied experimentally, and also provides computer aided tool for design and optimization of PEM fuel cells to realize higher power density and lower cost.
Why do males prefer nursing?<p>Erkekler hemşireliği neden tercih ediyor?
Authors: Güven Şefika Dilek , Küçükakça Gülden , Çalbayram Nazan 
Published: July 2016

This descriptive study was conducted to determine the reasons why male students would choose the nursing profession. The study sample consisted of 71 students who agreed to participate in the study. It was found that 78.9% of the students marked nursing as their 1st to 5th choice and 66.2% of them were happy to study in the nursing department. The top reason for selecting the profession was that their families and community wished them to do so. Family and community encouragement and better employment opportunities were the first two factors that influenced male students in choosing their profession and they stated that they were pleased to study nursing. Although their being content with nursing education was positive in the sense that it showed that male students have internalized bearing the title of a nurse, the fact that they acted upon the wishes of their family and community rather than deciding on their career on their own may lead to problems in the future including being dissatisfied with the profession. ÖzetAraştırma erkek öğrencilerin hemşirelik mesleğini seçme nedenlerini belirlemek amacıyla tanımlayıcı tipte yapılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 71 öğrenci araştıranın örneklemini oluşturmuştur. Öğrencilerin; %78.9’unun hemşireliği 1.-5. sırada tercih ettikleri ve %66.2’sinin hemşirelik bölümünde okumaktan memnun olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin mesleği seçmelerinin ilk nedeni ailem ve çevrem istediği için olarak belirlenmiştir. Erkek öğrencilerin meslek seçimlerinde aile ve çevre isteği ve iş olanağının yüksek olması nedenlerinin ilk iki sırada yer aldığı ve hemşirelik okumaktan memnun oldukları belirtmişlerdir. Hemşirelik okumaktan memnun olmaları erkek öğrencilerin hemşire unvanını benimsediklerini göstermesi açısından olumlu olmasına karşın meslek seçimlerinde aile ve çevre isteği kişinin meslek seçimine kendisinin karar vermemesi nedeniyle gelecekte meslekte doyum sağlayamama gibi bir soruna neden olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Review of the diagnosis and pharmacological management of pulmonary arterial hypertension in connective tissue disease
Authors: Tang Chun-Pong , Lee Ka-Lai , Ying King-Yee 
Published: July 2016

AbstractConnective-tissue-disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CTD-PAH) is a well-recognised pulmonary complication most commonly seen in patients with systemic sclerosis, followed by systemic lupus erythematosus and mixed connective tissue disease. In systemic-sclerosis-associated-pulmonary arterial hypertension (SSc-PAH), patients usually present late and the progression can be rapid with poor prognosis and survival. Early detection and prompt intervention of SSc-PAH is an important cornerstone to halt the disease progression. Various pulmonary vasodilatory agents were developed over the past two decades. They were shown to improve patients’ symptoms, functional status, exercise capacity, haemodynamics and long-term survival. Other immunosuppressive therapies also demonstrated to improve symptoms and functional status in certain group of patients. This article is to review the diagnosis and pharmacological management of patient with CTD-PAH.
Big by blocks: modular analytics
Authors: Hahmann Martin , Hartmann Claudio , Kegel Lars , Habich Dirk , Lehner Wolfgang 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Big Data and Big Data analytics have attracted major interest in research and industry and continue to do so. The high
demand for capable and scalable analytics in combination with the ever increasing number and volume of application
scenarios and data has lead to a large and intransparent landscape full of versions, variants and individual
algorithms. As this zoo of methods lacks a systematic way of description, understanding is almost impossible which
severely hinders effective application and efficient development of analytic algorithms. To solve this issue we propose
our concept of modular analytics that abstracts the essentials of an analytic domain and turns them into a set of
universal building blocks. As arbitrary algorithms can be created from the same set of blocks, understanding is eased and
development benefits from reusability.
A Riesz representation theory for completely regular Hausdorff spaces and its applications
Authors: Nowak Marian 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Let X be a completely regular Hausdorff space, E and F be Banach spaces. Let Cb
(X, E) be the space of all E-valued bounded, continuous functions on X, equipped with the strict topology β. We develop the Riemman-Stieltjes-type Integral representation theory of (β, || · ||
F
) -continuous operators T : Cb
(X, E) → F with respect to the representing Borel operator measures. For X being a k-space, we characterize strongly bounded (β, || · ||
F
)-continuous operators T : Cb
(X, E) → F. As an application, we study (β, || · ||
F
)-continuous weakly compact and unconditionally converging operators T : Cb
(X, E) → F. In particular, we establish the relationship between these operators and the corresponding Borel operator measures given by the Riesz representation theorem. We obtain that if X is a k-spaceand E is reflexive, then (Cb
(X, E), β) has the V property of Pełczynski.
Flap motion of helicopter rotors with novel, dynamic stall model
Authors: Han Wei , Liu Jie , Liu Chun , Chen Lei , Su Xichao , Zhao Peng 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a nonlinear flapping equation for large inflow angles and flap angles is established by analyzing the aerodynamics of helicopter blade elements. In order to obtain a generalized flap equation, the Snel stall model was first applied to determine the lift coefficient of the helicopter rotor. A simulation experiment for specific airfoils was then conducted to verify the effectiveness of the Snel stall model as it applies to helicopters. Results show that the model requires no extraneous parameters compared to the traditional stall model and is highly accurate and practically applicable. Based on the model, the relationship between the flapping angle and the angle of attack was analyzed, as well as the advance ratio under the dynamic stall state.
Numerical solutions of multi-order fractional differential equations by Boubaker polynomials
Authors: Bolandtalat A. , Babolian E. , Jafari H. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we have applied a numerical method based on Boubaker polynomials to obtain approximate numerical solutions of multi-order fractional differential equations. We obtain an operational matrix of fractional integration based on Boubaker polynomials. Using this operational matrix, the given problem is converted into a set of algebraic equations. Illustrative examples are are given to demonstrate the efficiency and simplicity of this technique.
Perturbation solutions for a micropolar fluid flow in
a semi-infinite expanding or contracting pipe with large injection or suction through porous wall
Authors: Si Xinhui , Yuan Lili , Cao Limei , Zheng Liancun , Shen Yanan , Li Lin 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We investigate an unsteady incompressible laminar micropolar flow in a semi-infinite porous pipe with large injection or suction through a deforming pipe wall. Using suitable similarity transformations, the governing partial differential are transformed into a coupled nonlinear singular boundary value problem. For large injection, the asymptotic solutions are constructed using the Lighthill method, which eliminates singularity of solution in the high order derivative. For large suction, a series expansion matching method is used. Analytical solutions are validated against the numerical solutions obtained by Bvp4c.
A combined computational algorithm for solving the problem of long surface waves runup on the shore
Authors: Shokin Yurii I. , Rychkov Alexander D. , Khakimzyanov Gayaz S. , Chubarov Leonid B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn the present paper we study features and abilities of the combined TVD+SPH method relative to problems of numerical simulation of long waves runup on a shore within the shallow water theory. The results obtained by this method are compared to analytic solutions and to the data of laboratory experiments. Examples of successful application of the TVD+SPH method are presented for the case of study of runup processes for weakly nonlinear and strongly nonlinear waves, and also for
Numerical simulation of the performance of an artificial heart valve
Authors: Zakharov Yurii N. , Dolgov Dmitry A. , Shokin Yurii I. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe present paper is focused on the mathematical model describing the dynamics of an artificial heart valve and the method of its numerical solution. The results of performance simulation are presented for the tricuspid valve of perfect form and the biological prosthesis ‘Uniline’.
Sensitivity and specificity of the method used for ascertainment of healthcare-associated infections in the second Slovenian national prevalence survey
Authors: Serdt Mojca , Lejko Zupanc Tatjana , Korošec Aleš , Klavs Irena 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Introduction
The second Slovenian national healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) prevalence survey (SNHPS) was conducted in acute-care hospitals in 2011. The objective was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the method used for the ascertainment of six types of HAIs (bloodstream infections, catheter-associated infections, lower respiratory tract infections, pneumoniae, surgical site infections, and urinary tract infections) in the University Medical Centre Ljubljana (UMCL).

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients surveyed in the SNHPS in the UMCL using a retrospective medical chart review (RMCR) and European HAIs surveillance definitions. Sensitivity and specificity of the method used in the SNHPS using RMCR as a reference was computed for ascertainment of patients with any of the six selected types of HAIs and for individual types of HAIs. Agreement between the SNHPS and RMCR results was analyzed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient.

Results
1474 of 1742 (84.6%) patients surveyed in the SNHPS were included in RMCR. The sensitivity of the SNHPS method for detecting any of six HAIs was 90% (95% confidence interval (CI): 81%-95%) and specificity 99% (95% CI: 98%-99%). The sensitivity by type of HAI ranged from 63% (lower respiratory tract infections) to 92% (bloodstream infections). Specificity was at least 99% for all types of HAIs. Agreement between the two data collection approaches for HAIs overall was very good (κ=0.83).

Conclusions
The overall sensitivity of SNHPS collection method for ascertaining HAIs overall was high and the specificity was very high. This suggests that the estimated prevalence of HAIs in the SNHPS was credible.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of nasal obstruction symptom evaluation questionnaire in Slovenian language
Authors: Urbančič Jure , Soklič Košak Tanja , Jenko Klemen , Božanić Urbančič Nina , Hudoklin Peter , Delakorda Matej , Juvanec Ajda , Zupančič Urbančič Katarina , Vadnjal Jana , Gluvajić Daša 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjectivesNasal obstruction is highly subjective perception with numerous efforts being made towards objective measuring. Many instruments in quality of life studies encompass subjective symptom of nasal obstruction, but only NOSE has been properly validated and is easy to use in every day practice.MethodsMulticenter prospective instrument validation and cross-cultural adaptation cohort study was conducted on patients with deviated nasal septum, with or without inferior turbinate hypertrophy, to develop the Slovenian version of NOSE questionnaire. A cross-cultural adaptation of the original questionnaire was done in five steps, producing Slovenian NOSE-si, used on a pilot group to confirm the quality of adapted tools and, afterwards, on the main study and control group. Symptoms were lasting for more than 12 months and all had an indication for septal surgery. A control group was selected from a pool of healthy subjects, self-assessed as having no rhinological complaints.ResultsNOSE-si was used on 116 patients (58 from the study group vs. 58 from the control group). High degree of internal consistency - Cronbach’s a 0.971 and reliability after retesting - Goodman-Kruskal gamma coefficient 0.984 was proven. Responsiveness was confirmed in the surgery subgroup with standardized response mean (SRM) 2.76 (p<0.001).ConclusionsThe study produced a valid Slovenian version of NOSE questionnaire through rigorous and well defined five-phase effort to maintain scientifically comparable QoL instrument, and may be used by clinicians and researchers.
The adaptation and implementation of guidelines for responsible media reporting on suicide in Slovenia
Authors: Roškar Saška , Tančič Grum Alenka , Poštuvan Vita , Podlesek Anja , De Leo Diego 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Introduction
The existing literature provides evidence of the link between media reporting and suicide in terms of either preventive or provocative effects. Hence, working with media representatives on responsible reporting on suicide is of great importance. Until recently in Slovenia, there has been an obvious lack of communication between media representatives and suicidologists. The aims of the present study were twofold; firstly, to introduce the adaptation and dissemination of intervention on responsible media reporting, and secondly, to evaluate the effectiveness of the implemented intervention on suicide reporting.

Methods
We used a pre-post research design. Newspaper articles were retrieved over two 12-month periods: the baseline period and the follow-up period. In between, we had a year of implementation of our intervention program (launching and disseminating the Guidelines via workshops). Each retrieved article was rated qualitatively with respect to its adherence to the Guidelines.

Results
The comparison of baseline and follow-up periods revealed some significant differences. Reporting in the follow-up period was less sensationalistic, there was less reporting about specific cases of suicides and more about causes of suicide and pathways out of mental distress. Furthermore, in the follow-up period, there was a significant improvement related to headlines of media articles. Contact information about where to seek help was more often included in the articles.

Conclusion
The findings are promising, but working with the media needs to be continuous and ongoing if sustainable results are to be achieved.
Zero-one completely positive matrices and
the A(R, S) classes
Authors: Dahl G. , Haufmann T. A. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A matrix of the form A = BBT where B is nonnegative is called completely positive (CP). Berman and
Xu (2005) investigated a subclass of CP-matrices, called f0, 1g-completely positive matrices. We introduce a
related concept and show connections between the two notions. An important relation to the so-called cut
cone is established. Some results are shown for f0, 1g-completely positive matrices with given graphs, and
for {0,1}-completely positive matrices constructed from the classes of (0, 1)-matrices with fixed row and
column sums.
Moore-Penrose inverse of a hollow symmetric
matrix and a predistance matrix
Authors: Kurata Hiroshi , Bapat Ravindra B. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
By a hollow symmetric matrix we mean a symmetric matrix with zero diagonal elements. The notion
contains those of predistance matrix and Euclidean distance matrix as its special cases. By a centered
symmetric matrix we mean a symmetric matrix with zero row (and hence column) sums. There is a one-toone
correspondence between the classes of hollow symmetric matrices and centered symmetric matrices, and
thus with any hollow symmetric matrix D we may associate a centered symmetric matrix B, and vice versa.
This correspondence extends a similar correspondence between Euclidean distance matrices and positive
semidefinite matrices with zero row and column sums.We show that if B has rank r, then the corresponding
D must have rank r, r + 1 or r + 2. We give a complete characterization of the three cases.We obtain formulas
for the Moore-Penrose inverse D+ in terms of B+, extending formulas obtained in Kurata and Bapat (Linear
Algebra and Its Applications, 2015). If D is the distance matrix of a weighted tree with the sum of the weights
being zero, then B+ turns out to be the Laplacian of the tree, and the formula for D+ extends a well-known
formula due to Graham and Lovász for the inverse of the distance matrix of a tree.
Responsabilidad social empresarial en Cuba: Una visión desde el conocimiento jurídico en pos del desarrollo local
Authors: Soto Lien 
Published: July 2016

Actualmente Cuba se encuentra inmersa en un proceso de importantes transformaciones económicas, donde el incremento del papel social de los estudios es reflejo de la necesaria vinculación entre ciencia-decisión política y sociedad. No existe hoy día un espacio donde las ciencias sociales y humanísticas, con su metodología y constructos cognitivos, no contribuya a la producción científica que tanto demanda el país. En este escenario pensar el Derecho con un enfoque CTS + I es esencial.Por otra parte, los Lineamientos de la Política Económica y Social del Partido y la Revolución aprobados en abril de 2011 declaran que la empresa estatal socialista es el eslabón fundamental de la economía, y en varios lineamientos se hace expresa alusión a la responsabilidad social de estas y al vínculo necesario entre empresa-territorio-sociedad; sin embargo, el marco regulatorio es difuso y escasos han sido los trabajos realizados desde las ciencias jurídicas en relación a la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial, lo cual nos conduce a analizar la institución desde el contexto económico y social propio del país y su vínculo con el municipio como nicho de actores relevantes para el logro del desarrollo al cual se aspira. El presente trabajo está centrado en ofrecer una serie de ideas preliminares para identificar la Responsabilidad Social Empresarial de las empresas del sector púbico cubano e impulsar su desarrollo, sobre la base del examen del conocimiento jurídico como catalizador y palanca del desarrollo local en el país.