bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of an Otic Milbemycin Oxime Formulation on Tegastes acroporanus Infesting Corals
Authors: Christie Barrett L. , Raines Janis A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The copepod Tegastes acroporanus is a notorious pest of captive corals in the genus Acropora. In recent years, infestations of T. acroporanus have become widespread among public aquaria and coral propagation facilities and have been largely controlled with the extra-label use of milbemycin oxime formulations (Carl 2008). Many of these drug formulations (which were intended for dogs) have been discontinued by their manufacturers in favor of multidrug products, many of which are unsuitable for corals, forcing experimentation with alternatives. This report provides the first data on populations of T. acroporanus treated with milbemycin oxime and documents the first known use of an otic solution, MilbeMite Otic (Novartis Animal Health U.S., Greensboro, North Carolina), against copepods on live corals. MilbeMite Otic was found to be soluble in seawater and successful at eradicating T. acroporanus in a large exhibit over the course of 6-h waterborne baths (n = 12) at 0.167 µg/L. The resident population of T. acroporanus was also quantified before each treatment to provide the first estimates of coral parasite burden in response to the application of a waterborne chemotherapeutic agent.
Received November 19, 2015; accepted June 7, 2016 Published online October 24, 2016
Survival Rates of Out-Migrating Yearling Chinook Salmon in the Lower Columbia River and Plume after Exposure to Gas-Supersaturated Water
Authors: Brosnan Ian G. , Welch David W. , Jacobs Scott Melinda 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In 2011, unusually high flows caused total dissolved gas (TDG) levels in the Columbia River, USA, to escalate well above the 120% regulatory limit that was imposed to prevent harmful impacts to aquatic organisms. After observing gas bubble trauma (GBT) in dead yearling Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (smolts) held in tanks, we compared estimated survival rates of acoustic-tagged in-river-migrating (IR) and transported (TR) smolts that were released below Bonneville Dam prior to and during the period of elevated TDG (&gt;120%). The log odds of estimated daily survival in the lower river and plume was significantly lower for IR smolts that were released during elevated TDG (maximum possible exposure = 134%) than for IR smolts released when TDG was less than 120%. The TR smolts that were released 10–13 km below Bonneville Dam during elevated TDG had lower maximum possible exposure levels (126% TDG), and the log odds of estimated daily survival in the lower river and plume did not differ from that of TR smolts released when TDG was less than 120%. Direct mortality due to GBT is probably reduced in natural settings relative to laboratory experiments because smolts can move to deeper water, where pressure keeps gasses in solution, and can migrate downstream of the spillway, where TDG levels decrease as the river returns to equilibrium with the atmosphere. However, initially nonlethal GBT may reduce survival rates by increasing smolt susceptibility to predation and infection. Although our findings are limited by the observational nature of the study, our analysis is the first direct assessment of gas supersaturation's potential influence on survival of free-ranging smolts in the river and coastal ocean below a large dam. Experiments using simultaneous releases of control and gas-exposed groups are warranted and should consider the possibility that the chronic effects of TDG exposure on survival are important and persist into the early marine period.
Received October 5, 2015; accepted August 18, 2016 Published online October 24, 2016
Dammarane-type triterpene extracts of Panax notoginseng root ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity by enhancing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle
Authors: Kitamura Kumiko , Takamura Yusuke , Iwamoto Taku , Nomura Mitsuru , Iwasaki Hideaki , Ohdera Motoyasu , Murakoshi Michiaki , Sugiyama Keikichi , Matsuyama Kazuki , Manabe Yasuko , Fujii Nobuharu L , Fushiki Tohru 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Skeletal muscle is an important organ for controlling the development of type 2 diabetes. We discovered Panax notoginseng roots as a candidate to improve hyperglycemia through in vitro muscle cells screening test. Saponins are considered as the active ingredients of ginseng. However, in the body, saponins are converted to dammarane-type triterpenes, which may account for the anti-hyperglycemic activity. We developed a method for producing a dammarane-type triterpene extract (DTE) from Panax notoginseng roots and investigated the extract’s potential anti-hyperglycemic activity. We found that DTE had stronger suppressive activity on blood glucose levels than the saponin extract (SE) did in KK-Ay mice. Additionally, DTE improved oral glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, glucose uptake, and Akt phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. These results suggest that DTE is a promising agent for controlling hyperglycemia by enhancing glucose uptake in skeletal muscle.
Prognostic assessment of stable coronary artery disease as determined by coronary computed tomography angiography: a Danish multicentre cohort study
Authors: Nielsen Lene H. , Bøtker Hans Erik , Sørensen Henrik T. , Schmidt Morten , Pedersen Lars , Sand Niels Peter , Jensen Jesper M. , Steffensen Flemming H. , Tilsted Hans Henrik , Bøttcher Morten , Diederichsen Axel , Lambrechtsen Jess , Kristensen Lone D. , Øvrehus Kristian A. , Mickley Hans , Munkholm Henrik , Gøtzsche Ole , Husain Majed , Knudsen Lars L. , Nørgaard Bjarne L. 
Published: October 2016

Aims
To examine the 3.5 year prognosis of stable coronary artery disease (CAD) as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in real-world clinical practice, overall and within subgroups of patients according to age, sex, and comorbidity.

Methods and results
This cohort study included 16,949 patients (median age 57 years; 57% women) with new-onset symptoms suggestive of CAD, who underwent CCTA between January 2008 and December 2012. The endpoint was a composite of late coronary revascularization procedure &gt;90 days after CCTA, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death. The Kaplan–Meier estimator was used to compute 91 day to 3.5 year risk according to the CAD severity. Comparisons between patients with and without CAD were based on Cox-regression adjusted for age, sex, comorbidity, cardiovascular risk factors, concomitant cardiac medications, and post-CCTA treatment within 90 days. The composite endpoint occurred in 486 patients. Risk of the composite endpoint was 1.5% for patients without CAD, 6.8% for obstructive CAD, and 15% for three-vessel/left main disease. Compared with patients without CAD, higher relative risk of the composite endpoint was observed for non-obstructive CAD [hazard ratio (HR): 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01–1.63], obstructive one-vessel CAD (HR: 1.83; 95% CI: 1.37–2.44), two-vessel CAD (HR: 2.97; 95% CI: 2.09–4.22), and three-vessel/left main CAD (HR: 4.41; 95% CI :2.90–6.69). The results were consistent in strata of age, sex, and comorbidity.

Conclusion
Coronary artery disease determined by CCTA in real-world practice predicts the 3.5 year composite risk of late revascularization, myocardial infarction, and all-cause death across different groups of age, sex, or comorbidity burden.
Modern Magic, the Illusion of Transformation, and How It Was Done
Authors: Lamont Peter 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In 1584, Reginald Scot claimed that jugglers who performed magic tricks were mistaken for witches. The claim was repeated and later became the basis of the Victorian idea of “modern magic.” According to stage conjurors and writers on magic, “modern magic” was magic that was (now) understood to be an illusion. The claim continued to be repeated by amateur historians of magic, who reinforced this idea of “modern magic” by citing cases of early modern jugglers who were persecuted as witches. In recent years, “modern magic,” as a distinctly modern form of magic that was understood to be an illusion, has become part of modern cultural history.
The view that magic tricks were mistaken for witchcraft, however, is not to be found in the historiography of the early modern period. Indeed, it is a myth. When one examines how magic tricks and witchcraft were compared, one sees that there was a clear distinction made between the two. Nevertheless, despite the lack of evidence, the myth continued to survive. It was used to justify the exposure of secrets, enhanced Victorian conjurors’ respectability, and it fitted neatly within the modern narrative of rational progress. It persisted due to the uncritical reading of sources by some historians, whose examples of persecution were the result of misinterpretation. Thus, “modern magic,” as a form of magic that was understood to be an illusion, was not a particularly modern phenomenon. Indeed, despite some changes in how magic was experienced, early modern views of magic were remarkably similar to modern ones.
Experiencing Lean Six Sigma in the French residential construction
Authors: Dakhli Zakaria , Lafhaj Zoubeir , Bos Antoine 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
Compared to the manufacturing industry, Lean Six Sigma (LSS) lacks a clear methodology for its application in the tertiary service. One reason is the difficulties to assess information flow compared to physical flow. Indeed, the use of information flow as a process entry in the LSS method is not well investigated, mainly due to the difficulties in collecting adequate and sufficient data. The purpose of this research study is to investigate the application of LSS in the tertiary service, in particular, real estate development.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on an action research methodology where LSS methodology is applied to solve client-dissatisfaction issue. One of its main causes is found to be the late delivery time. The work describes how the method was applied.

Findings
LSS is an adequate approach for making well-thought-out improvement in real estate development.

Practical implications
The work provides an implementation of LSS in real estate development. It also gives new insights into the LSS application in the tertiary service. The work also suggests practical recommendations and solutions to address the main challenges faced by real estate development.

Originality/value
Construction is governed by many processes that are difficult to identify and, even more, to assess. LSS helps identifying those which create real value for the client.
Inter-industry generic Lean Six Sigma project definitions
Authors: Lameijer Bart A. , Does Ronald J.M.M. , De Mast Jeroen 
Published: October 2016

PurposeThe objective of this research is to provide practitioners with inter-industry applicable rules and guidelines for the Lean Six Sigma (LSS) project definition phase. This research resulted in 13 inter-industry generic project definitions that are divided by four performance dimensions: quality, dependability, speed and cost efficiency.Design/methodology/approachA total of 312 previously executed LSS improvement projects in a broad variety of industries at black belt or master black belt level are analyzed. All these projects have followed the LSS methodology and are characterized by the use of critical to quality (CTQ) measurements and the structured improvement method of define, measure, analyse, improve and control for operations improvement.FindingsThis research resulted in 13 inter-industry generic project definitions that are divided by four performance dimensions: quality, dependability, speed and cost efficiency. Three factors that have stood out in this research are; the difficulty to capture the performance dimension flexibility in LSS project definitions, the strong focus on internal organizational benefits in defining CTQs for LSS project definitions and the unclear alignment of LSS project definitions to existing strategic objectives of the company.Originality/valueThis research established useable generic LSS project definitions including generic CTQ’s measures, applicable to multiple industries. These generic LSS project definitions provide useful guidance in the initial LSS project phase, helping to decompose strategic focal points into clear and measurable project objectives.
Redeploying public librarians to the front-lines: prioritizing digital inclusion
Authors: Stevenson Siobhan A. , Domsy Caleb 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to draw attention to the quiet, if inadvertent, disappearance of the front-line public librarian, as libraries make difficult organizational choices in the struggle to survive the relentless pressures to cut costs on one side while supporting a market ethos of customer service on the other.

Design/methodology/approach
Informed by the preliminary findings of a pan-Canadian study of labour in large urban public libraries and a review of professional and academic literatures dealing with contemporary service trends, four models/proposals [(1) participative, (2) community-led, (3) managerial/leadership and (4) digital inclusion] are critically reviewed with respect to their positioning of the front-line professional librarian.

Findings
The paper concludes with an argument in favor of one of these proposals because it supports the relevance of public librarians in service to their communities while remaining true to the democratic aspirations of this vital public service within our increasingly complex information societies.

Research limitations/implications
The implication of this work is that by drawing our attention to the contradictions inherent within contemporary and popular library initiatives, the disconnect between formal education and professional practice is highlighted, thus providing a foundation for new empirical research into the changing nature of waged work (professional and non-professional) in public libraries.

Practical implications
Failure to situate the professional public librarian strategically and unambiguously within the rapidly evolving roles of the public library has implications for LIS educators, employers and, as significantly, current and future students.

Social implications
Despite the high rates of connectivity among Western nations and the increasing sophistication of their populations, the digital divide persists among a growing urban and rural underclass. Building, maintaining and promoting a strong and accessible municipal information infrastructure, one could argue, is what public librarianship is all about.

Originality/value
This paper’s identification and critical review of the four dominant service models proposed for the present public library represents the first time that these literatures have been assembled together and critically interrogated for their implications for the work of public librarians. Given the importance of the question “what is the future role of the public library”, a critical analysis of the key contenders is a necessary exercise, as is shifting the subject of the conversation away from the customer and onto the professional public librarian.
Library promotion methods and tools modeling and simulation on Twitter
Authors: Sakas Damianos P. , Sarlis Apostolos S. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
Twitter is the most popular instant messaging platform today. Thanks to the consistency factor typical of it, it offers every company or business the best opportunity to promote their products or services. Likewise, it offers an unprecedented opportunity to public utility or benefit organizations like libraries to promote their services and build a powerful digital information exchange community. However, because of its immense number of users and chaotic nature, the steps toward making the best of it must be precise and systematized, or else the information professional will end up squandering resources to no avail. The purpose of this paper is the optimization of the distribution of the libraries’ resources regarding the promotion methods on Twitter.

Design/methodology/approach
Such a model is initially built by recording and analyzing the potential offered by the social network platform in question. Third-party tools that help handle Twitter are also analyzed. The factors’ total is then modeled by using the iThink editor. This editor is able to receive data from the decision-maker with respect to the specific attributes of each product and given conditions and produce specific outcomes by use of the model.

Findings
This research paper, includes a decision-making tool (model) that combines a theoretical view of library information science (LIS) and marketing science with a practical tool, simulating the process and producing certain outcomes using specific resources. The model presents him with the outcome that is bound to be produced with regard to the given circumstances and the amount of resources invested, encouraging, or not, certain courses of action.

Practical implications
The decision-maker can accurately anticipate an outcome so as to respectively customize his data and moves.

Originality/value
Proper use of the tools available, alongside anticipation chances offered by dynamic simulation models, enables the model decision-maker use it according to any given context, hence maximizing library business profits.
The integration of ICT in library and information science curriculum analytical study of students’ perception in Jordanian Universities
Authors: Al-Shwabkah Younis , Hamad Faten , Taha Nashrawan , Al-Fadel Maha 
Published: October 2016

Purpose
This study aims to explore undergraduate students’ perceptions of teaching information and communication technology (ICT) courses in the library and information science (LIS) program in Jordanian universities. It also aims at investigating the correlation between the impact of some variables, namely, gender, the type of university, academic year and student GPA on and their students’ views.

Design/methodology/approach
Quantitative methods were adopted. A questionnaire with 40 items was distributed on a stratified random sample of 220 students from four LIS departments in Jordan and, of whom, 203 responded with a response rate of 92.3 per cent.

Findings
Research findings indicated that teaching ICT courses was considered highly important. Students stressed on the importance of incorporating ICT courses in LIS programs. They also pointed out the competence of the teaching staff and the efficacy of their teaching methods. On the other hand, student assessments of the curriculum content, the teaching pedagogy and methods of assessment were on an average level. In addition, the findings indicated that resources and facilities necessary to teach ICT courses were available and adequate. It was noted that the “university” was the only factor that affected results; the University of Jordan students showed a higher satisfaction. The other factors (gender, academic year and GPA) did not appear to affect student perceptions.

Originality/value
Previous studies investigated the importance of teaching ICT courses in general but did not consider students’ perceptions. Only a few studies discussed students’ perceptions of studying ICT courses but in a different context, i.e. Kuwait. This research focused on students’ perceptions of studying ICT in Jordan as a new geographic region. This would be beneficial for other developing countries to learn from this experience and refine their ICT curricula and LIS programs accordingly.
Impact of adalimumab treatment on cardiovascular risk biomarkers in psoriasis: Results of a pilot study
Authors: Gkalpakiotis Spyridon , Arenbergerova Monika , Gkalpakioti Petra , Potockova Jana , Arenberger Petr , Kraml Pavel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPsoriasis is a chronic systemic immune‐mediated inflammatory dermatosis associated with several comorbidities. Psoriasis patients are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), namely, coronary heart disease, stroke or peripheral vascular disease, and psoriasis seems to be an independent cardiovascular risk factor. Antipsoriatic systemic therapy, especially anti‐tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, seems to exert a beneficial effect on these comorbidities. The purpose of this study was: (i) to measure the level of cardiovascular serum markers in psoriasis patients in comparison with healthy volunteers; and (ii) to compare the serum level of the same markers in patients before and 3 months after adalimumab therapy. We investigated six biomarkers connected to CVD: C‐reactive protein (measured high sensitively, hsCRP), oxidized low‐density lipoproteins (oxLDL), oxLDL/β‐glycoprotein I complex (oxLDL/β2GPI), vascular endothelial adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1), E‐selectin and interleukin (IL)‐22. These biomarkers were measured in 21 patients with moderate/severe psoriasis before and after treatment with adalimumab and in healthy volunteers. hsCRP (P < 0.05), oxLDL‐β2GPI complex (P < 0.05), E‐selectin (P < 0.001) and IL‐22 (P < 0.001) were significantly increased in comparison with healthy controls, whereas oxLDL and VCAM‐1 were also higher in psoriasis patients but the difference did not reach statistical significance. A decrease of E‐selectin (P < 0.001) and IL‐22 (P < 0.001) was observed after 3 months of adalimumab therapy. Inhibition of TNF‐α seems to not only improve psoriasis but also decreases serum cardiovascular biomarkers. E‐selectin and IL‐22 could serve for monitoring of the efficacy of antipsoriatic systemic therapy on cardiovascular risk.
Intraspecific priority effects modify compensatory responses to changes in hatching phenology in an amphibian
Authors: Murillo‐Rincón Andrea P. , Kolter Nora A. , Laurila Anssi , Orizaola Germán 
Published: October 2016

Summary

In seasonal environments, modifications in the phenology of life‐history events can alter the strength of time constraints experienced by organisms. Offspring can compensate for a change in timing of hatching by modifying their growth and development trajectories. However, intra‐ and interspecific interactions may affect these compensatory responses, in particular if differences in phenology between cohorts lead to significant priority effects (i.e. the competitive advantage that early‐hatching individuals have over late‐hatching ones).

Here, we conducted a factorial experiment to determine whether intraspecific priority effects can alter compensatory phenotypic responses to hatching delay in a synchronic breeder by rearing moor frog (Rana arvalis) tadpoles in different combinations of phenological delay and food abundance.

Tadpoles compensated for the hatching delay by speeding up their development, but only when reared in groups of individuals with identical hatching phenology. In mixed phenology groups, strong competitive effects by non‐delayed tadpoles prevented the compensatory responses and delayed larvae metamorphosed later than in single phenology treatments. Non‐delayed individuals gained advantage from developing with delayed larvae by increasing their developmental and growth rates as compared to single phenology groups.

Food shortage prolonged larval period and reduced mass at metamorphosis in all treatments, but it did not prevent compensatory developmental responses in larvae reared in single phenology groups.

This study demonstrates that strong intraspecific priority effects can constrain the compensatory growth and developmental responses to phenological change, and that priority effects can be an important factor explaining the maintenance of synchronic life histories (i.e. explosive breeding) in seasonal environments.