bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Missing the Target for Routine Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Consistent and Strong Physician Recommendations Are Lacking for 11- to 12-Year-Old Males
Authors: Vadaparampil Susan T. , Malo Teri L. , Sutton Steven K. , Ali Karla N. , Kahn Jessica A. , Casler Alix , Salmon Daniel , Walkosz Barbara , Roetzheim Richard G. , Zimet Gregory D. , Giuliano Anna R. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background: Rates of routine human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of adolescent males in the United States are low. Leading health organizations advocate consistent and strong physician recommendations to improve HPV vaccine dissemination. This study describes the prevalence and correlates of consistent and strong physician recommendations for HPV vaccination of adolescent males.
Methods: We surveyed pediatric and family medicine physicians in Florida about their HPV vaccine recommendations for male vaccine-eligible age groups (11–12, 13–17, 18–21 years). Descriptive statistics compared consistency and strength of HPV recommendations across age groups. Multivariable logistic regression examined factors associated with consistent and strong recommendations for 11- to 12-year-olds.
Results: We received 367 completed surveys (51% response rate). Physicians most often consistently and strongly recommended HPV vaccine to males ages 13 to 17 (39%) compared with ages 11 to 12 (31%) and 18 to 21 (31%). Consistent and strong recommendation for 11- to 12-year-old males was more likely to be delivered by Vaccine for Children providers and less likely among physicians who reported more personal barriers to vaccination, particularly concerns about vaccine safety, concerns about adding vaccines to the vaccine schedule, and difficulty in remembering to discuss HPV vaccination.
Conclusions: Physicians' current consistency and strength of HPV vaccine recommendations do not align with national recommendations. Interventions to improve HPV vaccine recommendations must also consider the influence of physicians' personal barriers to HPV vaccine delivery.
Impact: As one of the first studies to examine both consistency and strength of physicians' HPV vaccine recommendations for males, our findings can inform future interventions focused on facilitating physicians' recommendations. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(10); 1435–46. ©2016 AACR.
Rare Variation in TET2 Is Associated with Clinically Relevant Prostate Carcinoma in African Americans
Authors: Koboldt Daniel C. , Kanchi Krishna L. , Gui Bin , Larson David E. , Fulton Robert S. , Isaacs William B. , Kraja Aldi , Borecki Ingrid B. , Jia Li , Wilson Richard K. , Mardis Elaine R. , Kibel Adam S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background: Common variants have been associated with prostate cancer risk. Unfortunately, few are reproducibly linked to aggressive disease, the phenotype of greatest clinical relevance. One possible explanation is that rare genetic variants underlie a significant proportion of the risk for aggressive disease.
Method: To identify such variants, we performed a two-stage approach using whole-exome sequencing followed by targeted sequencing of 800 genes in 652 aggressive prostate cancer patients and 752 disease-free controls in both African and European Americans. In each population, we tested rare variants for association using two gene-based aggregation tests. We established a study-wide significance threshold of 3.125 × 10−5 to correct for multiple testing.
Results: TET2 in African Americans was associated with aggressive disease, with 24.4% of cases harboring a rare deleterious variant compared with 9.6% of controls (FET P = 1.84 × 10−5, OR = 3.0; SKAT-O P = 2.74 × 10−5). We report 8 additional genes with suggestive evidence of association, including the DNA repair genes PARP2 and MSH6. Finally, we observed an excess of rare truncation variants in 5 genes, including the DNA repair genes MSH6, BRCA1, and BRCA2. This adds to the growing body of evidence that DNA repair pathway defects may influence susceptibility to aggressive prostate cancer.
Conclusions: Our findings suggest that rare variants influence risk of clinically relevant prostate cancer and, if validated, could serve to identify men for screening, prophylaxis, and treatment.
Impact: This study provides evidence that rare variants in TET2 may help identify African American men at increased risk for clinically relevant prostate cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(11); 1456–63. ©2016 AACR.
Evaluating Acetate Metabolism for Imaging and Targeting in Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Fontana Francesca , Ge Xia , Su Xinming , Hathi Deep , Xiang Jingyu , Cenci Simone , Civitelli Roberto , Shoghi Kooresh I. , Akers Walter J. , D'avignon Andre , Weilbaecher Katherine N. , Shokeen Monica 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Purpose: We hypothesized that in multiple myeloma cells (MMC), high membrane biosynthesis will induce acetate uptake in vitro and in vivo. Here, we studied acetate metabolism and targeting in MMC in vitro and tested the efficacy of 11C-acetate–positron emission tomography (PET) to detect and quantitatively image myeloma treatment response in vivo.
Experimental design: Acetate fate tracking using 13C-edited-1H NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) was performed to study in vitro acetate uptake and metabolism in MMC. Effects of pharmacological modulation of acetate transport or acetate incorporation into lipids on MMC cell survival and viability were assessed. Preclinical mouse MM models of subcutaneous and bone tumors were evaluated using 11C-acetate-PET/CT imaging and tissue biodistribution.
Results: In vitro, NMR showed significant uptake of acetate by MMC and acetate incorporation into intracellular metabolites and membrane lipids. Inhibition of lipid synthesis and acetate transport was toxic to MMC, while sparing resident bone cells or normal B cells. In vivo, 11C-acetate uptake by PET imaging was significantly enhanced in subcutaneous and bone MMC tumors compared with unaffected bone or muscle tissue. Likewise, 11C-acetate uptake was significantly reduced in MM tumors after treatment.
Conclusions: Uptake of acetate from the extracellular environment was enhanced in MMC and was critical to cellular viability. 11C-Acetate–PET detected the presence of myeloma cells in vivo, including uptake in intramedullary bone disease. 11C-Acetate–PET also detected response to therapy in vivo. Our data suggested that acetate metabolism and incorporation into lipids was crucial to MM cell biology and that 11C-acetate–PET is a promising imaging modality for MM. Clin Cancer Res; 23(2); 416–29. ©2016 AACR.
Molecular Programming of Tumor-Infiltrating CD8+ T Cells and IL15 Resistance
Authors: Doedens Andrew L. , Rubinstein Mark P. , Gross Emilie T. , Best J. Adam , Craig David H. , Baker Megan K. , Cole David J. , Bui Jack D. , Goldrath Ananda W. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDespite clinical potential and recent advances, durable immunotherapeutic ablation of solid tumors is not routinely achieved. IL15 expands natural killer cell (NK), natural killer T cell (NKT) and CD8+ T-cell numbers and engages the cytotoxic program, and thus is under evaluation for potentiation of cancer immunotherapy. We found that short-term therapy with IL15 bound to soluble IL15 receptor α–Fc (IL15cx; a form of IL15 with increased half-life and activity) was ineffective in the treatment of autochthonous PyMT murine mammary tumors, despite abundant CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Probing of this poor responsiveness revealed that IL15cx only weakly activated intratumoral CD8+ T cells, even though cells in the lung and spleen were activated and dramatically expanded. Tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells exhibited cell-extrinsic and cell-intrinsic resistance to IL15. Our data showed that in the case of persistent viral or tumor antigen, single-agent systemic IL15cx treatment primarily expanded antigen-irrelevant or extratumoral CD8+ T cells. We identified exhaustion, tissue-resident memory, and tumor-specific molecules expressed in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells, which may allow therapeutic targeting or programming of specific subsets to evade loss of function and cytokine resistance, and, in turn, increase the efficacy of IL2/15 adjuvant cytokine therapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 4(9); 799–811. ©2016 AACR.
Incidence, Determinants, and Outcomes of Coronary Perforation During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the United Kingdom Between 2006 and 2013
Authors: Kinnaird Tim , Kwok Chun Shing , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Ossei-Gerning Nicholas , Ludman Peter , deBelder Mark , Anderson Richard , Mamas Mamas A. 
Published: August 2016

Background—
As coronary perforation (CP) is a rare but serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) the current evidence base is limited to small series. Using a national PCI database, the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of CP as a complication of PCI were defined.

Methods and Results—

Data were prospectively collected and retrospectively analyzed from the British Cardiovascular Intervention Society data set on all PCI procedures performed in England and Wales between 2006 and 2013. Multivariate logistic regressions and propensity scores were used to identify predictors of CP and its association with outcomes. In total, 1762 CPs were recorded from 527 121 PCI procedures (incidence of 0.33%). Patients with CP were more often women or older, with a greater burden of comorbidity and underwent more complex PCI procedures. Factors predictive of CP included age per year (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% confidence intervals, 1.02–1.03;
P
<0.001), previous coronary artery bypass graft (OR, 1.44; 95% confidence intervals, 1.17–1.77;
P
<0.001), left main (OR, 1.54; 95% confidence intervals, 1.21–1.96;
P
<0.001), use of rotational atherectomy (OR, 2.37; 95% confidence intervals, 1.80–3.11;
P
<0.001), and chronic total occlusions intervention (OR, 3.96; 95% confidence intervals, 3.28–4.78;
P
<0.001). Adjusted odds of adverse outcomes were higher in patients with CP for all major adverse coronary events, including stroke, bleeding, and mortality. Emergency surgery was required in 3% of cases. Predictors of mortality in patients with CP included age, diabetes mellitus, previous myocardial infarction, renal disease, ventilatory support, use of circulatory support, glycoprotein inhibitor use, and stent type.

Conclusions—
Using a national PCI database for the first time, the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of CP were defined. Although CP as a complication of PCI occurred rarely, it was strongly associated with poor outcomes.
Antidepressant Use After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Huttunen Jukka , Lindgren Antti , Kurki Mitja I. , Huttunen Terhi , Frösen Juhana , von und zu Fraunberg Mikael , Koivisto Timo , Kälviäinen Reetta , Räikkönen Katri , Viinamäki Heimo , Jääskeläinen Juha E. , Immonen Arto 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose—
To elucidate the predictors of antidepressant use after subarachnoid hemorrhage from saccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA-SAH) in a population-based cohort with matched controls.

Methods—
The Kuopio sIA database includes all unruptured and ruptured sIA cases admitted to the Kuopio University Hospital from its defined catchment population in Eastern Finland, with 3 matched controls for each patient. The use of all prescribed medicines has been fused from the Finnish national registry of prescribed medicines. In the present study, 2 or more purchases of antidepressant medication indicated antidepressant use. The risk factors of the antidepressant use were analyzed in 940 patients alive 12 months after sIA-SAH, and the classification tree analysis was used to create a predicting model for antidepressant use after sIA-SAH.

Results—
The 940 12-month survivors of sIA-SAH had significantly more antidepressant use (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% confidence interval, 2.2–3.1) than their 2676 matched controls (29% versus 14%). Classification tree analysis, based on independent risk factors, was used for the best prediction model of antidepressant use after sIA-SAH. Modified Rankin Scale until 12 months was the most potent predictor, followed by condition (Hunt and Hess Scale) and age on admission for sIA-SAH.

Conclusions—
The sIA-SAH survivors use significantly more often antidepressants, indicative of depression, than their matched population controls. Even with a seemingly good recovery (modified Rankin Scale score, 0) at 12 months after sIA-SAH, there is a significant risk of depression requiring antidepressant medication.
Evaluation of a High-Resolution SPI for Monitoring Local Drought Severity
Authors: Cumbie-Ward Rebecca V. , Boyles Ryan P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA standardized precipitation index (SPI) that uses high-resolution, daily estimates of precipitation from the National Weather Service over the contiguous United States has been developed and is referred to as HRD SPI. There are two different historical distributions computed in the HRD SPI dataset, each with a different combination of normals period (1971–2000 or 1981–2010) and clustering solution of gauge stations. For each historical distribution, the SPI is computed using the NCEP Stage IV and Advanced Hydrologic Prediction Service (AHPS) gridded precipitation datasets for a total of four different HRD SPI products. HRD SPIs are found to correlate strongly with independently produced SPIs over the 10-yr period from 2005 to 2015. The drought-monitoring utility of the HRD SPIs is assessed with case studies of drought in the central and southern United States during 2012 and over the Carolinas during 2007–08. A monthly comparison between HRD SPIs and independently produced SPIs reveals generally strong agreement during both events but weak agreement in areas where radar coverage is poor. For both study regions, HRD SPI is compared with the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM) to assess the best combination of precipitation input, normals period, and station clustering solution. SPI generated with AHPS precipitation and the 1981–2010 PRISM normals and associated cluster solution is found to best capture the spatial extent and severity of drought conditions indicated by the USDM. This SPI is also able to resolve local variations in drought conditions that are not shown by either the USDM or comparison SPI datasets.
Is Institutional Democracy a Good Proxy for Model Independence?
Authors: Leduc Martin , Laprise René , de Elía Ramón , Šeparović Leo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractClimate models developed within a given research group or institution are prone to share structural similarities, which may induce resembling features in their simulations of the earth’s climate. This assertion, known as the “same-center hypothesis,” is investigated here using a subsample of CMIP3 climate projections constructed by retaining only the models originating from institutions that provided more than one model (or model version). The contributions of individual modeling centers to this ensemble are first presented in terms of climate change projections. A metric for climate change disagreement is then defined to analyze the impact of typical structural differences (such as resolution, parameterizations, or even entire atmosphere and ocean components) on regional climate projections. This metric is compared to a present climate performance metric (correlation of error patterns) within a cross-model comparison framework in terms of their abilities to identify the same-center models. Overall, structural differences between the pairs of same-center models have a stronger impact on climate change projections than on how models reproduce the observed climate. The same-center criterion is used to detect agreements that might be attributable to model similarities and thus that should not be interpreted as implying greater confidence in a given result. It is proposed that such noninformative agreements should be discarded from the ensemble, unless evidence shows that these models can be assumed to be independent. Since this burden of proof is not generally met by the centers participating in a multimodel ensemble, the authors propose an ensemble-weighting scheme based on the assumption of institutional democracy to prevent overconfidence in climate change projections.
Microwave Sounder Cloud Detection Using a Collocated High-Resolution Imager and Its Impact on Radiance Assimilation in Tropical Cyclone Forecasts
Authors: Han Hyojin , Li Jun , Goldberg Mitch , Wang Pei , Li Jinlong , Li Zhenglong , Sohn B.-J. , Li Juan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAccurate cloud detection is one of the most important factors in satellite data assimilation due to the uncertainties associated with cloud properties and their impacts on satellite-simulated radiances. To enhance the accuracy of cloud detection and improve radiance assimilation for tropical cyclone (TC) forecasts, measurements from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-A (AMSU-A) on board the Aqua satellite and the Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS) are collocated with high spatial resolution cloud products from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on board Aqua and the Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on board the Suomi-National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (Suomi-NPP) satellite. The cloud-screened microwave radiance measurements are assimilated for Hurricane Sandy (2012) and Typhoon Haiyan (2013) forecasts using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model and the three-dimensional variational (3DVAR)-based Gridpoint Statistical Interpolation (GSI) data assimilation system. Experiments are carried out to determine the optimal thresholds of cloud fraction (CF) for minimizing track and intensity forecast errors. The results indicate that the use of high spatial resolution cloud products can improve the accuracy of TC forecasts by better eliminating cloud-contaminated microwave sounder field-of-views (FOVs). In conclusion, the combination of advanced microwave sounders and collocated high spatial resolution imagers is able to improve the radiance assimilation and TC forecasts. The methodology used in this study can be applied to process data from other pairs of microwave sounders and imagers on board the same platform.
Therapeutic Mastoidectomy in the Management of Noncholesteatomatous Chronic Otitis Media
Authors: Trinidade Aaron , Page Joshua C. , Dornhoffer John L. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveDespite evidence that therapeutic mastoidectomy does not improve outcomes in noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media, it remains widely performed. An up‐to‐date systematic review is undertaken and conclusions drawn regarding the best evidence‐based practice of its management.Data SourcesPubMed, Google Scholar, Medline Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science.Review MethodA combination of the following words was used: chronic otitis media, chronic suppurative otitis media, COM, CSOM, mastoidectomy, tympanoplasty, atelectasis, retraction, tympanic perforation, and therapeutic.ResultsFrom 1742 studies, 7 were selected for full analysis with respect to the benefit of mastoidectomy in the management of active and inactive mucosal chronic otitis media. Most were retrospective studies, with 1 prospective randomized controlled trial available. Overall, there was no evidence to support routine mastoidectomy in conjunction with tympanoplasty in chronic otitis media. For ears with sclerotic mastoids, the evidence suggested that there may be some benefit as a staged procedure. Two studies were analyzed for the benefit of mastoidectomy in addition to tympanoplasty for the management of the atelectatic ear (inactive squamous chronic otitis media). The conclusion was also that mastoidectomy added no benefit.ConclusionsExamination of the available literature supports the notion that therapeutic mastoidectomy does not lend any additional benefit to the management of noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media. This has implications for patient care, both clinically and financially. Further research, ideally in the form of a prospective, multi‐institutional, geographically wide, ethnically diverse, randomized controlled trial, is needed to further support this notion.
Net Interest Margin: Does Ownership Matter?
Authors: Sensarma Rudra , Ghosh Saurabh 
Published: August 2016

Net Interest Margin (NIM) or spread is the difference between interest earned and interest expended by a bank divided by its total assets. A competitive banking system is expected to foster greater efficiency which should get reflected in lower NIM. In the Indian banking industry, NIM has come down subsequent to banking sector reforms but the decline has been very slow. However, it is commonly believed that NIM in developing countries is higher than that in developed countries. The reasons could be lack of sufficient competition, higher intermediation costs, and response to changing regulations. To the extent that NIM can be considered as an indicator of bank performance and efficiency, it is very important to study what are the factors that affect NIM. On the other hand, an ongoing debate in the context of industry performance is the relation between ownership and performance. The theoretical literature suggests that private enterprises are more efficient than public enterprises. However, the empirical evidence is mixed in this regard. It is in this context that this paper studies the determinants of NIM in Indian banking and attempts to draw policy implications based on the exercise. The authors use balance sheet data of all Scheduled Commercial Banks (excluding Regional Rural Banks) for the period 1997–98 to 2000–01 and explore, inter alia, the relationship between ownership and performance. Using econometric techniques of panel regression, viz., fixed effects model and random effects model, they find that even after accounting for bank-specific variables indicating health of banks and regulatory requirements, nature of ownership per se matters in determining NIM. Ownership is represented by dummy variables which take a value of one when a bank belongs to a particular ownership group, and zero otherwise. Statistical significance of the coeffi- cients of the dummy variables indicates that ownership may have a significant associa- tion with NIM. The major findings emerging from the regression analysis can be summarized as follows: NIM is not significantly associated with size of banks. Proportion of non-interest income does not have a significant impact on NIM. Proportion of investment in government securities adversely affects NIM. Proportion of advances to the priority sector positively affects NIM. Higher Capital Adequacy Ratio is associated with higher NIM. Higher Non Performing Assets are associated with lower NIM. Nature of ownership is a significant determinant of NIM. Foreign banks have the highest NIM, followed by public, private, and new private banks. Insights emerging from such an analysis can be useful to both bank managers and policy makers. Managers can benefit from knowledge of the ways in which business decisions can affect spreads. It is also useful for the policy makers to be aware of how regulatory and supervisory decisions can affect efficiency in the banking industry, both group-wise as well as across banks.