bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra-high resolution CT angiography for the assessment of intracranial stents and flow diverters using photon counting detector CT
Authors: Ludovichetti Riccardo , Gorup Dunja , Krepuska Mikos , Winklhofer Sebastian , Thurner Patrick , Madjidyar Jawid , Flohr Thomas , Piccirelli Marco , Michels Lars , Alkadhi Hatem , Mergen Victor , Kulcsar Zsolt , Schubert Tilman 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe patency of intracranial stents may not be reliably assessed with either CT angiography or MR angiography due to imaging artifacts. We investigated the potential of ultra-high resolution CT angiography using a photon counting detector (PCD) CT to address this limitation by optimizing scanning and reconstruction parameters.MethodsA phantom with different flow diverters was used to optimize PCD-CT reconstruction parameters, followed by imaging of 14 patients with intracranial stents using PCD-CT. Images were reconstructed using three kernels based on the phantom results (Hv56, Hv64, and Hv72; Hv=head vascular) and one kernel to virtually match the resolution of standard CT angiography (Hv40). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) measurements were calculated. Subjective image quality and diagnostic confidence (DC) were assessed using a five point visual grading scale (5=best, 1=worst) and a three point grading scale (1=best, 3=worst), respectively, by two independent neuroradiologists.ResultsPhantom images demonstrated the highest image quality across dose levels for 0.2 mm reconstructions with Hv56 (4.5), Hv64 (5), and Hv72 (5). In patient images, SNR and CNR decreased significantly with increasing kernel sharpness compared with control parameters. All reconstructions showed significantly higher image quality and DC compared with the control reconstruction with Hv40 kernel (P<0.001), with both image quality and DC being highest with Hv64 (0.2 mm) and Hv72 (0.2 mm) reconstructions.ConclusionUltra-high resolution PDC-CT angiography provides excellent visualization of intracranial stents, with optimal reconstructions using the Hv64 and the Hv72 kernels at 0.2 mm.RegistrationBASEC 2021-00343.
Efficacy and Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Pediatric Patients and Young Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: dos Santos Borges Rafael , Conegundes Ana Flávia , Haikal de Paula Luiza , Lara Santos Rodrigo , Alves Samuel Norberto , Machado Raquel Amaral , Bussolaro Viana Isadora , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: In recent decades, an increase in the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in children and adolescents has been observed. Pediatric‐onset T2DM differs from the adult‐onset form, particularly regarding the durability of glycemic control and earlier appearance of complications. However, the scarcity of approved treatments and comprehensive studies on T2DM management in youth persists. Ongoing clinical trials seek to ascertain the efficacy and safety of sodium‐glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients aged between 10 and 24 years with T2DM. Therefore, we aimed to perform a meta‐analysis exploring the efficacy and safety of SGLT2i in pediatric patients and young adults with T2DM.Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Web of Science for randomized controlled clinical trials on the efficacy and safety of SGLT2i in children, adolescents, and young adults with T2DM compared with placebo. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 and R statistical software 4.2.1. Heterogeneity was assessed with I2 statistics.Results: We included three studies totaling 334 patients followed for 37.79 weeks. Reduction in HbA1C (MD = −0.93; 95% CI = −1.36 to −0.49; p  < 0.0001; I2 = 0%) was significantly higher in SGLT2i group compared with placebo. The proportion of patients requiring rescue or discontinuation of study medication due to lack of efficacy was statistically lower in SGLT2i group compared with placebo (RR = 0.64; 95% CI = 0.43–0.94; p =  0.02; I2 = 0%). SGLT2i and placebo were similar in terms of any adverse event (RR = 1.10; 95% CI = 0.96–1.27; p =  0.17; I2 = 0%), serious side effects (RR = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.44–2.57; p = 0.90; I2 = 0%), and individual adverse effects.Conclusion: In children, adolescents, and young adults with T2DM, SGLT2i appears to be effective and safe for glycemic control.
Humble Leadership Style and Team Performance of Nursing Academics, Senior Nurses, and Novice Nurses: An Online Cross‐Sectional Comparative and Predictive Study
Authors: Mrayyan Majd T. , Algunmeeyn Abdullah 
Published: October 2024

Background: A humble leadership style promotes human relationships above transactional relationships.Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate predictors and differences in humble nursing leadership and team performance based on sample characteristics and the total scores of the concepts.Methods: Using a quantitative cross‐sectional design, convenience snowball samples of 260 participants distributed as nursing academics (66), senior nurses (94), and novice nurses (100) were recruited. An online poll was distributed in March 2022 in selected Jordanian public and private universities and hospitals. Using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), the general linear model (GLM) was used to determine predictors of humble leadership style and team performance. T‐tests or one‐way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were employed to detect the differences in the total scores of the studied concepts.Results: Academics, nurses, and teams were generally humble. The team functioned relatively well and effectively. Humble leadership scores correlated moderately with team performance. The ANOVA showed some significant differences between the two studied variables. Conclusions. A humble leadership style improves employees’ and the team’s performance. This study illuminates how a humble leadership style affects team performance.
An In Vitro Exploration of Interaction Mechanisms of Intracoronal Bleaching on the Compressive Strength of Conventional and Calcium Silicate–Based Self‐Adhesive Resins and Their Bonding to Composite Resin Restorative Material
Authors: Shafiei Fereshteh , Dehghanian Paria , Tivay Shadi , Ghahramani Yasamin 
Published: October 2024

Objectives: The cervical resorption following intracoronal bleaching necessitates the application of impermeable cervical barriers. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two bleaching agents on the compressive strength (CS) and shear bond strength (SBS) of two self‐adhesive resins, TheraCem and Vertise Flow, to composite resin restorative material.Materials and Methods: Two hundred sixteen specimens from TheraCem and Vertise Flow were prepared in special molds and treated in three groups: nonbleached (control); sodium perborate–hydrogen peroxide (SP–HP) (sodium perborate +3% hydrogen peroxide); and HP gel (35% hydrogen peroxide gel). The CS of 72 specimens in the three groups was tested using a universal testing machine. For SBS test, 144 specimens from TheraCem and Vertise Flow in the three groups were bonded to Z250 composite using Single Bond Universal adhesive in self‐etch and etch‐and‐rinse modes. SBS was measured using universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two‐way ANOVA and Tukey tests for CS and three‐way ANOVA and Tukey tests for SBS.Results: Vertise Flow showed higher CS than TheraCem (p < 0.001), while none of the bleaching agents deteriorated its CS. HP gel significantly lowered the CS of TheraCem (p = 0.001). Bleaching agents increased the SBS of Vertise Flow while the SBS of TheraCem was not significantly affected. For both resin barriers, SBS was higher in the etch‐and‐rinse mode (p < 0.05), except in nonbleached Vertise Flow (p = 0.091).Conclusions: HP gel deleteriously affected the CS of only TheraCem during nonvital bleaching. The etch‐and‐rinse mode was preferred in terms of SBS for resin barriers.
Potential Therapeutic Targets in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer Based on Gene Regulatory Network Analysis: A Comprehensive Systems Biology Approach
Authors: Ahmadi Maryam , Barkhoda Neda , Alizamir Aida , Taherkhani Amir 
Published: October 2024

Background: Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive subtype with limited treatment options. This study is aimed at identifying potential therapeutic targets in TNBC using gene regulatory network analysis and a system biology approach.Methods: The GSE38959 dataset was reanalyzed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in TNBC tissues compared to normal breast samples. Protein–protein interaction networks were constructed, and hub genes were identified. Survival analysis was performed using GEPIA2. Gene regulatory networks were built to identify upstream regulators. Cross‐platform verification was conducted using an independent RNA‐seq dataset (GSE58135). Expression analysis of prognostic markers in TNBC versus non‐TNBC samples was performed using bc‐GenExMiner.Results: A total of 943 DEGs were identified in TNBC tissues. CHEK1 and PLK1 were identified as central hub genes, with overexpression correlating with poor prognosis. GABPB1 was identified as the most influential upstream regulator of CHEK1 and PLK1 through gene regulatory network analysis, while JUN exhibited the most interactions among regulators. A total of 302 consistently modulated genes were confirmed through cross‐platform verification. The overexpression of CHEK1 and PLK1 in TNBC compared to non‐TNBC samples was validated by expression analysis.Conclusion: This study provides insights into the molecular mechanisms of TNBC and suggests CHEK1, PLK1, and their upstream regulators as potential therapeutic targets for TNBC treatment.
Proteomic Signatures of Right Ventricular Outcomes in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Authors: Pi Hongyang , Xia Lu , Boucherat Olivier , Suresh Karthik , Hemnes Anna R. , Bonnet Sébastien , Bravo Claudio A. , Oppegard Laura , Rayner Samuel G. , Shojaie Ali , Gharib Sina A. , Leary Peter J. 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a disease of progressive right ventricular (RV) failure with high morbidity and mortality. Our goal is to investigate proteomic features and pathways associated with RV-focused outcomes including mortality, RV dilation, and NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide) in PAH.

METHODS:
Participants in a single-institution cohort with 3 years of follow-up underwent proteomic profiling of their plasma using 7288 aptamers (targeting 6467 unique human proteins). Partial least squares discriminant analysis was performed to assess global protein variation associated with mortality, RV dilation, and NT-proBNP levels. Differentially abundant proteins and enriched pathways associated with outcomes were identified following baseline adjustments. RV vulnerability models estimated associations for individuals with similar afterload following adjustment for pulmonary vascular resistance.

RESULTS:
A total of 117 participants with PAH were included. Partial least squares discriminant analysis of the proteome showed clear separation between survivors and nonsurvivors, participants with dilated versus nondilated RVs, and across NT-proBNP levels. Proteins and pathways involving the ECM (extracellular matrix) were upregulated in participants who died during follow-up, those with severe RV dilation, and those with higher levels of NT-proBNP. Pulmonary vascular resistance adjustment reinforced the importance of ECM proteins in the association with RV vulnerability, independent of afterload. These findings were confirmed in independent PAH cohorts with available plasma proteomics and RV tissue gene and protein expression.

CONCLUSIONS:
Distinct plasma proteomic profiles are associated with mortality, RV dilation, and NT-proBNP in PAH. Proteins and pathways governing tissue remodeling are strongly associated with poor outcomes, may mediate RV vulnerability to right heart failure, and represent promising candidates as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets.
Internally consistent and fully unbiased multimodal MRI brain
template construction from UK Biobank: Oxford-MM
Authors: Arthofer Christoph , Smith Stephen M. , Douaud Gwenaëlle , Bartsch Andreas , Alfaro-Almagro Fidel , Andersson Jesper , Lange Frederik J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Anatomical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) templates of the brain are essential to group-level analyses and image processing pipelines, as they provide a reference space for spatial normalisation. While it has become common for studies to acquire multimodal MRI data, many templates are still limited to one type of modality, usually either scalar or tensor based. Aligning each modality in isolation does not take full advantage of the available complementary information, such as strong contrast between tissue types in structural images, or axonal organisation in the white matter in diffusion tensor images. Most existing strategies for multimodal template construction either do not use all modalities of interest to inform the template construction process, or do not use them in a unified framework. Here, we present multimodal, cross-sectional templates constructed from UK Biobank data: the Oxford-MultiModal-1 (OMM-1) template and age-dependent templates for each year of life between 45 and 81 years. All templates are fully unbiased to represent the average shape of the populations they were constructed from, and internally consistent through jointly informing the template construction process with T1-weighted (T1), T2-weighted fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (T2-FLAIR), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data. The OMM-1 template was constructed with a multiresolution, iterative approach using 240 individuals in the 50–55-year age range. The age-dependent templates were estimated using a Gaussian process, which describes the change in average brain shape with age in 37,330 individuals. All templates show excellent contrast and alignment within and between modalities. The global brain shape and size are not preconditioned on existing templates, although maximal possible compatibility with MNI-152 space was maintained through rigid alignment. We showed benefits in registration accuracy across two datasets (UK Biobank and HCP), when using the OMM-1 as the template compared with FSL’s MNI-152 template, and found that the use of age-dependent templates further improved accuracy to a small but detectable extent. All templates are publicly available and can be used as a new reference space for uni- or multimodal spatial alignment.
Does Cabbeling Shape the Thermohaline Structure of High-Latitude Oceans?
Authors: Bisits Josef I. , Zika Jan D. , Evans Dafydd Gwyn 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Vertical exchange of heat and carbon in the ocean regulates Earth’s climate. Convection, a driver of near-surface exchange, occurs when dense water overlies light water. In a 1957 study, N. Fofonoff pointed out that when lighter overlying cold-fresh water mixes with denser underlying warm-salty water, the mixture can become denser than the underlying water due to a nonlinear process known as cabbeling. He suggested that such profiles, despite being gravitationally stable, could be classed as being unstable to cabbeling. Fofonoff hypothesized that, by mixing away such profiles, cabbeling may be shaping the thermohaline structure of polar oceans. We investigate this hypothesis here. In a one-dimensional model, we find that convective mixing occurs in temperature inverted profiles that are unstable to cabbeling even when they are initially gravitationally stable. In data from an observationally constrained global circulation model, we find profiles with a temperature inversion larger than −0.5°C are unstable to cabbeling less than 0.02% of the time, and in high-quality in situ observations, they are unstable less than 12% of the time. We find that due to cabbeling, larger temperature inversions, which should weaken stratification, make profiles more stable. Our results suggest that cabbeling limits the stability behavior of temperature inverted profiles and influences the thermohaline structure in parts of the ocean where cold-fresh water overlays warm-salty water.
Effect of carbon nanotube on the mechanical properties of short carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone
Authors: Song Wenzhe , Ding Xuejun , Fan Congze , Zheng Jinghua , Wang Jingxuan , Chen Yiwei , Shan Zhongde , Chen Chaozhong , Zhang Congfa 
Published: October 2024

Additive manufacturing provides a quick and cost-effective way for the fabrication of complex composite structures. Additively manufactured short carbon fiber reinforced polyether-ether-ketone (SCF/PEEK) is a promising thermoplastic composite material due to its excellent designability, ease of manufacture, and good recyclability. However, the mechanical properties of 3D printed SCF/PEEK are unsatisfactory due to the layer-by-layer forming process. In this study, CNTs were introduced to 3D printed SCF/PEEK, and the influence mechanism of CNTs on the mechanical properties was analyzed and discussed in depth. The results showed that the introduction of CNTs could effectively enhance the tensile modulus of 3D printed SCF/PEEK, whilst it led to a decrease in the tensile strength and interlaminar shear strength of the composites. This was mainly related to the poor dispersion and agglomeration of CNTs. The modulus of 3D printed SCF/PEEK reached about 5.17 GPa, representing a 95.1% increase.
Implementing a Bedside Percutaneous Tracheostomy and Ultrasound Gastrostomy Team Reduces Length of Stay and Hospital Costs Across Multiple Critical Care Units in a 1500 Bed Tertiary Care Center
Authors: Houghton Douglas , Patel Samarth , Gerasim Sergey , Buryk Yaroslav , Massad Nina , Alkhachroum Ayham , Atallah Hany Y. , O'Phelan Kristine 
Published: October 2024

Background Thousands of critically ill patients every year in the United States receive tracheostomy and gastrostomy procedures. Recent research has investigated the benefits of a combined team approach to these procedures, with associated decreases in length of stay (LOS) and hospital costs. This study's objective was to determine if implementing a bedside percutaneous tracheostomy and percutaneous ultrasound gastrostomy (PUG) team would reduce LOS and hospital costs. Design and Methods: This retrospective chart review compares the impact of implementing an ICU bedside percutaneous tracheostomy and PUG service team to the hospital's previous workflow (ie, pre-implementation). Inclusion criteria were adult patients with Ventilator Dependent Respiratory Failure (VDRF), a clinical indication for both procedures while admitted to the ICU and received both tracheostomy and gastrostomy procedures while admitted to the hospital. Pre- and post-implementation groups were compared across patients’ demographics, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. ICU LOS, hospital LOS and total hospital costs were the primary outcome measures. Results: A total of 101 adult critically ill patients were included in the analysis; 49 patients were in the pre-implementation group and 52 patients in the post-implementation group (ie, PUG group). Patients in the PUG group had a significantly shorter mean ICU LOS and hospital LOS, 10.9- and 14.7-day reductions respectively (p = 0.010, p = 0.006). PUG group patients also had a significant reduction in total hospital costs, a per patient cost savings of $34 778 (p = 0.043). Conclusions: This study supports implementing a bedside percutaneous tracheostomy and PUG team to reduce LOS and total hospital costs in patients with VDRF.
A War of D’s: DRESS or Dengue?
Authors: Dahra Anurag , Kaur Jaspreet , Cheema Yuvraj Singh , Attri Sahil 
Published: October 2024

Background: Dengue fever can present with symptoms that mimic drug-related reactions, especially in patients with complex medical histories, such as those with bipolar disorder on multiple medications. Case details: We report a 62-year-old female with a known history of bipolar disorder who was admitted with altered mental status, vomiting, and a rash. Given her psychiatric treatment, there was an initial concern for a drug-related reaction. Investigations: Through investigation was conducted. Results revealed a positive serology for dengue fever, alongside leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Discussion: This case highlights the diagnostic challenge of differentiating between adverse drug reactions and infectious diseases like dengue in patients on multiple medications. Conclusion: Clinicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for tropical diseases like dengue, particularly in patients with complex comorbidities. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive evaluations in emergency settings and the need for a broad differential diagnosis approach.
Preparing a Globally Competent Workforce: A Mixed Methods Study of an Innovative Co-Curricular University Program
Authors: Cseh Maria , Crocco Oliver S. , Engel Laura , Follman Joseph 
Published: October 2024

Problem Human resource development (HRD) scholars and practitioners have long sought ways to develop employees to meet the needs of globalized workplaces. However, given that many employers expect employees to possess global skills before they begin working, it is incumbent upon HRD educators in higher education contexts to develop and implement innovative programs to enrich global competence, which includes the knowledge, skills, experience, and mindset required for global work. Solution This mixed methods study describes and explores the efficacy of an innovative co-curricular program, the Global Competence Enrichment Program, designed to enhance the global competence of American and international graduate students enrolled at a higher education institution in the United States through a mutual intercultural learning process. Stakeholders Stakeholders include HRD scholars and practitioners as well as organizational leaders interested in designing and implementing HRD programs around global competence enrichment.