bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The alternatively spliced αEC domain of human fibrinogen-420 is a novel ligand for leukocyte integrins αMβ2 and αXβ2
Authors: Lishko Valeryi K. , Yakubenko Valentin P. , Hertzberg Kathe M. , Grieninger Gerd , Ugarova Tatiana P. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe interaction of human plasma fibrinogen with leukocyte integrins αMβ2 (CD11b/CD18, Mac-1) and αXβ2 (CD11c/CD18, p150,95) is an important component of the inflammatory response. Previously, it was demonstrated that binding of fibrinogen to these integrins is mediated by γC, the globular C-terminal domain of the γ chain. In this study, evidence was found of another fibrinogen domain that can serve as a ligand for the 2 leukocyte integrins: αEC, a homologous domain that extends the α chains in a recently discovered subclass of fibrinogen known as fibrinogen-420. Recombinant αEC supported strong adhesion and migration of cells expressing αMβ2 and αXβ2, including nonactivated and activated U937 and THP-1 monocytoid cells, and neutrophils. Cells transfected with complementary DNA for these integrins also bound αEC. The specificity of interaction was substantiated by inhibition of cell adhesion with antibodies against αM, αX, and β2subunits. Also, neutrophil inhibitory factor, a specific inhibitor of αMβ2 and αXβ2function, efficiently blocked cell adhesion to αEC. In αMβ2 and αXβ2, the I domain is the binding site for αEC, since αEC bound to recombinant αM I and αXI domains in a dose-dependent and saturable manner. Synthetic peptides that duplicated sequences γ190 to 202 and γ377 to 395, previously considered putative binding sites in γC, effectively inhibited αMβ2- and αXβ2-mediated adhesion to αEC, suggesting that recognition of αEC by the I domain involves structural features in common with those of γC. These findings identify αEC as a second domain in fibrinogen-420 that binds αMβ2 and αXβ2 and can mediate leukocyte adhesion and migration.
The ABCG2 transporter is an efficient Hoechst 33342 efflux pump and is preferentially expressed by immature human hematopoietic progenitors
Authors: Scharenberg Christian W. , Harkey Michael A. , Torok-Storb Beverly 
Published: July 2002

AbstractA promising and increasingly exploited property of hematopoietic stem cells is their ability to efflux the fluorescent dye Hoechst 33342. The Hoechst-negative cells are isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting as a so-called side “population” (SP) of bone marrow. This SP from bone marrow, as well as other tissues, is reported to contain immature stem cells with considerable plasticity. Some cell lines also efflux Hoechst and generate SP profiles. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and efflux inhibition studies with the lung carcinoma cell line, A549, implicated the ABCG2 transporter as a Hoechst efflux pump. Furthermore, it is shown that transient expression of ABCG2 generates a robust SP phenotype in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells. The results allow the conclusion thatABCG2 is a potent Hoechst efflux pump. Semiquantitative RT-PCR was used to characterize the developmental pattern of expression of ABCG2 in hematopoiesis. It is expressed at relatively high levels in putative hematopoietic stem cells (isolated as SP, 34+/38− or 34+/KDR+populations) and drops sharply in committed progenitors (34+/38+, 34+/33+, or 34+/10+). Expression remains low in most maturing populations, but rises again in natural killer cells and erythroblasts. Comparison of messenger RNA (mRNA) levels for the 3 major multidrug-resistant efflux pumps, MDR1,MRP1, and ABCG2, in bone marrow SP cells reveals that ABCG2 is the predominant form in these cells. These data suggest that ABCG2 contributes significantly to the generation of the SP phenotype in hematopoietic stem cells. Furthermore, the sharp down-regulation of ABCG2 at the stage of lineage commitment suggests that this gene may play an important role in the unique physiology of the pluripotent stem cell.
NMO‐velocity surfaces and Dix‐type formulas in anisotropic heterogeneous media
Authors: Grechka Vladimir , Tsvankin Ilya 
Published: July 2002

Reflection moveout of pure modes recorded on conventional‐length spreads is described by a normal‐moveout (NMO) velocity that depends on the orientation of the common‐midpoint (CMP) line. Here, we introduce the concept of NMO‐velocity surfaces, which are obtained by plotting the NMO velocity as the radius‐vector along all possible directions in 3‐D space, and use it to develop Dix‐type averaging and differentiation algorithms in anisotropic heterogeneous media.The intersection of the NMO‐velocity surface with the horizontal plane represents the NMO ellipse that can be estimated from wide‐azimuth reflection data. We demonstrate that the NMO ellipse and conventional‐spread moveout as a whole can be modeled by Dix‐type averaging of specifically oriented cross‐sections of the NMO‐velocity surfaces along the zero‐offset reflection raypath. This formalism is particularly simple to implement for a stack of homogeneous anisotropic layers separated by plane dipping boundaries. Since our method involves computing just a single (zero‐offset) ray for a given reflection event, it can be efficiently used in anisotropic stacking‐velocity tomography.Application of the Dix‐type averaging to layered transversely isotropic media with a vertical symmetry axis (VTI) shows that the presence of dipping interfaces above the reflector makes the P‐wave NMO ellipse dependent on the vertical velocity and anisotropic coefficients ε and δ. In contrast, P‐wave moveout in VTI models with a horizontally layered overburden is fully controlled by the NMO velocity of horizontal events and the Alkhalifah‐Tsvankin coefficient η ≈ ε − δ. Hence, in some laterally heterogeneous, layered VTI models P‐wave reflection data may provide enough information for anisotropic depth processing.
Cellular liquid biopsy provides unique chances for disease monitoring, preclinical model generation and therapy adjustment in rare salivary gland cancer patients
Authors: Stojanović Gužvić Nataša , Lüke Florian , Treitschke Steffi , Coluccio Andrea , Hoffmann Martin , Feliciello Giancarlo , Varadarajan Adithi Ravikumar , Lu Xin , Weidele Kathrin , Botteron Catherine , Materna–Reichelt Silvia , Keil Felix , Evert Katja , Weber Florian , Schamberger Thomas , Althammer Michael , Grosse Jirka , Hellwig Dirk , Schulz Christian , Seitz Stephan , Ugocsai Peter , Schlenska‐Lange Anke , Mayr Roman , Kaiser Ulrich , Dietmaier Wolfgang , Polzer Bernhard , Warfsmann Jens , Honarnejad Kamran , Pukrop Tobias , Heudobler Daniel , Klein Christoph A. , Werno Christian 
Published: October 2024

While cell‐free liquid biopsy (cfLB) approaches provide simple and inexpensive disease monitoring, cell‐based liquid biopsy (cLB) may enable additional molecular genetic assessment of systemic disease heterogeneity and preclinical model development. We investigated 71 blood samples of 62 patients with various advanced cancer types and subjected enriched circulating tumor cells (CTCs) to organoid culture conditions. CTC‐derived tumoroid models were characterized by DNA/RNA sequencing and immunohistochemistry, as well as functional drug testing. Results were linked to molecular features of primary tumors, metastases, and CTCs; CTC enumeration was linked to disease progression. Of 52 samples with positive CTC counts (≥1) from eight different cancer types, only CTCs from two salivary gland cancer (SGC) patients formed tumoroid cultures (P = 0.0005). Longitudinal CTC enumeration of one SGC patient closely reflected disease progression during treatment and revealed metastatic relapse earlier than clinical imaging. Multiomics analysis and functional in vitro drug testing identified potential resistance mechanisms and drug vulnerabilities. We conclude that cLB might add a functional dimension (to the genetic approaches) in the personalized management of rare, difficult‐to‐treat cancers such as SGC.
Evaluating post‐thrombectomy effective connectivity changes in anterior circulation stroke
Authors: Xu Jiaona , Chen Weiwei , Niu Guozhong , Meng Yuting , Qiu Kefan , Li Tongyue , Wang Luoyu , Zhang Liqing , Lv Yating , Ding Zhongxiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveGranger causal analysis (GCA) and amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF) are commonly used to evaluate functional alterations in brain disorders. By combining the GCA and ALFF, this study aimed to investigate the effective connectivity (EC) changes in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and anterior circulation occlusion after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsResting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs‐fMRI) data were collected from 43 AIS patients with anterior circulation occlusion within 1 week post‐MT and 37 healthy controls. ALFF and GCA were calculated for each participant. Patients were further divided into groups based on prognosis and perfusion levels. The differences in ALFF and EC were compared between AIS patients and healthy controls and between subgroups of patients. Pearson correlations between EC, ALFF values, and clinical characteristics of patients were calculated.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, post‐MT, AIS patients exhibited significant ALFF increases in the left precuneus and decreases in the left fusiform gyrus and right caudate. Increased EC from the contralesional lingual gyrus, contralesional putamen, ipsilesional thalamus, and contralesional thalamus to the contralesional caudate was obsrved, while decrease in EC were found for contralesional caudate to the ipsilesional thalamus and medial superior frontal gyrus. EC differences were particularly notable between perfusion groups, with significantly lower EC in the poorly perfused group. EC values were also positively correlated with National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores pre‐MT.InterpretationIn AIS patients, the caudate nucleus was central to the observed EC changes post‐MT, characterized by decreased outputs and increased inputs. These changes indicate functional remodeling within the cortico‐basal ganglia‐thalamic‐cortical pathway.
Photocurrent‐Directed Immunoregulation Accelerates Osseointegration through Activating Calcium Influx in Macrophages
Authors: Zhu Yizhou , Wang Chaofeng , Ai Can , Xiang Yiming , Mao Congyang , Qiao Wei , Wu Jun , Kubi John Akrofi , Liu Xiangmei , Wu Shuilin , Zhao Xin , Li Bin , Yeung Kelvin W. K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEarly osteoimmune microenvironment disorder at the interface between bone and implant can lead to implant loosening, which prolongs patient convalescence, exacerbates postoperative complications, and potentially results in implant failure. The timely regulation of macrophages primarily orchestrates the entire long‐term regeneration process. Here, it is proposed to precisely direct macrophage polarization using localized photoelectrical signals generated by an excitable surface in response to remote stimulation via near‐infrared light (NIR). The photocurrent generated from the n–n heterojunction between calcium titanate (CaTiO3) and defective titanium dioxide (TiO2‐Vo) on the excitable surface can accurately direct macrophage polarization, suppressing acute inflammation at the early stage of post‐implantation and establishing a favorable osteoimmune microenvironment that promotes bone‐to‐implant integration. Mechanistic study reveals that photoelectric signals initiate increased calcium influx via voltage‐gated calcium ion channels, subsequently modulating calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase kinase 2 (Camkk2) and calcium/calmodulin‐dependent protein kinase I (Camk1) expression to regulate macrophage polarization. This optimization of the osteoimmune microenvironment results in enhanced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) recruitment and osteogenesis, ultimately accelerating bone‐to‐implant integration within 14 days post‐implantation. This research presents a novel method for adjusting in vivo spatiotemporal immune responses through the use of noninvasive and externally‐controlled targeted stimulations.
Novel Mn[N(CN)2]2 Anode with Cationic and Anionic Redox Chemistry for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Qiao Xianji , Cai Guohong , Müller Peter C. , Wang Liguang , Cai Guanqun , Liu Tiefeng , Qu Shangqing , Yin Yufeng , Li Guobao , Corkett Alex J. , Dronskowski Richard , Lu Jun , Sun Junliang 
Published: October 2024

Abstractα‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 (Pnnm) with divalent Mn2+ being octahedrally coordinated by six [N(CN)2]− dicyanamide (dca‒) complex anions is known since 1999. A novel β polymorph is now prepared and its structure characterized via powder X‐ray diffraction. β‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 also crystallizes orthorhombically (Cmcm) but with Mn2+ tetrahedrally coordinated to four [N(CN)2]− anions. Property‐wise, α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 can be efficiently used as a negative electrode material for lithium‐ion batteries, maintaining a large reversible capacity of more than 600 mAh g−1 for 250 cycles tested at 0.5 C, comparing favorably to well‐established negative electrode references such as graphite (≈372 mAh g−1). The electrochemical lithiation/delithiation mechanism of α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 is investigated using advanced characterization techniques and theoretical calculations. Upon lithiation, α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 undergoes a reversible conversion reaction, forming LiN(CN)2 and metallic manganese, which are transformed back into α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 upon delithiation. Further, there is evidence for reversible and additional charge/discharge processes on the dca‒ anion throughout the entire discharge/charge process in α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2, reflecting an anionic charge compensation. Moreover, density‐functional (DFT) and chemical‐bonding theory are employed to investigate the detailed anodic behavior of α‐Mn[N(CN)2]2 via conversion reaction during (de‐)lithiation processes. This mechanism, evidenced for the first time in transition metal dicyanamides, is likely behind its outstanding electrochemical properties.
Conformal Iontronic Sensing Clear Aligner
Authors: Sun Chuanxi , Li Sen , Zhou Ziqi , Chen Xiaoxiao , Liu Zhe , Liao Shenglong , Xing Jian , Sun Hongyan , Cheng Yu , Yi Zhengkun , Chen Jianfeng , Li Zhihua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe clear aligner, commonly utilized in orthodontic treatment for malocclusion, necessitates the quantification of orthodontic forces, which is highly demanded by doctors for enhancing risk management and treatment efficiency. However, the current technology still faces obstacles in achieving conformal integration of pressure sensors onto clear aligners with large curvature for the quantification and real‐time monitoring of orthodontic forces. In this paper, a conformal iontronic sensing clear aligner (CSA) is proposed based on flexible iontronic sensing mechanism, which conformally integrates the sensor with the aligner to quantify orthodontic forces throughout the treatment process while preserving the aligner's original function. Specifically, the ionic coating is seamlessly integrated onto the diaphragm by applying a layer of ionic paint before molding the clear aligner, while the sensing electrode array, designed using a kirigami‐based structure, is seamlessly adhered to the ionic coating. By integrating the CSA into a dental model, its exceptional sensitivity and precise pressure mapping capabilities have been demonstrated. This enables the identification of various tooth movement patterns, discernment of orthodontic force magnitude, and continuous monitoring of forces throughout the orthodontic treatment. Consequently, this research is expected to significantly advance risk management, outcome prediction, and treatment efficiency in orthodontic treatments.
Impact of Surface Chemistry and Particle Size on Inertial Cavitation Driven Transport of Silica Nanoparticles and Microparticles
Authors: Alina Talaial B. , Saemundsson Sven A. , Mortensen Lillian E. , Xu Yiqi , Medlin J. Will , Cha Jennifer N. , Goodwin Andrew P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigated the high‐intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU)‐mediated propulsion of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and microspheres (MSMs). Nanoparticles are heavily sought as vehicles for drug delivery, but their transport through tissue is often restricted. Here, MSNs and MSMs are hydrophobically modified and coated with phospholipids to facilitate inertial cavitation to promote propulsion under HIFU. Modified nanoparticles show significantly enhanced cavitation and propulsion, achieving a maximum displacement of 250 µm (≈2500 body length) and speed of ≈1600 µm s−1 (16 000 body length s−1), compared to unmodified nanoparticles (2 µm, 20 body length, 60 µm s−1, 600 body length). In contrast, microparticles demonstrate comparable cavitation responses. Modified microparticles reached a maximum speed of 4000 µm s−1 (800 body length s−1) and displacement of 230 µm (46 body length), and unmodified microparticles achieved 2000 µm s−1 (400 body length s−1) and 75 µm (15 body length). In all HIFU‐responsive samples, displacement and speed decreased with successive pulses, implying that particles fatigue with continued pulsing. Analyses of particle trajectories and rotational diffusion times suggest that cavitation occurs uniformly on particle surfaces rather than at specific sites. These principles are important for the design of future drug‐delivery vehicles capable of ultrasound‐triggered motion.
Achieving Highly Durable Intermetallic PtMn3N Electrocatalyst via the Strong Metal‐N Bonds toward Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Liang Jinhui , Pan Xiankai , Zeng Binwen , Zhong Chengzhi , Zhang Longhai , Zhang Jiaxi , Song Huiyu , Du Li , Liao Shijun , Cui Zhiming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPt‐based intermetallic compounds have been considered promising electrocatalysts in the practical applications of fuel cells; however, the development of Pt‐based catalysts that meet performance targets of high activity, maximized stability, and low cost remains a huge challenge. Herein, an atomically ordered and low‐Pt intermetallic nitride (PtMn3N) catalyst are synthesized consisting of a strained Pt shell and PtMn3N core on carbon support via the KCl‐matrix protection strategy. The PtMn3N catalyst represents a high mass activity of 0.70 A mgPt−1 at 0.9 V and a specific activity degradation of 4.2% after 5000 potential cycles for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in rotating disk electrode (RDE) testing, which substantially outperformed commercial Pt/C (0.25 A mgPt−1 and 17.4%). Density functional theory calculations reveal that the introduction of Mn elements to the Pt lattice is beneficial to produce appropriate compressive strain to weaken the binding energy of oxygen species and the introduction of N elements to promote the strong metal‐N interactions is conducive to alleviating the dissolution of metal atoms, allowing for displaying the prominent durability. This work provides an effective strategy of N‐doped Pt‐based intermetallic compounds to enhance the corrosion resistance of 3d transition metals and to enhance the ORR performance.
Integrating Phosphate Enhances Biomineralization Effect of Methacrylate Cement in Vital Pulp Treatment with Improved Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Stimulation
Authors: Ryu Jeong‐Hyun , Mangal Utkarsh , Kwon Jae‐Sung , Seo Ji‐Young , Byun Seong‐Yun , Lee Young‐Hee , Jang Sungil , Hwang Geelsu , Ku Hyemin , Shin Yooseok , Kim Dohyun , Choi Sung‐Hwan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVital pulp treatment (VPT) is crucial for preserving the health and function of the tooth in cases where the pulp tissue remains vital despite exposure. Various materials are introduced for this purpose. However, challenges such as low strength, high solubility, and tooth discoloration persist. Methylmethacrylate‐based cement (MC) offers excellent sealing ability, feasibility, and mechanical properties, making it a promising alternative for VPT. Phosphate‐based glass (PBG) has the potential to promote hard tissue regeneration by releasing key inducers, phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca), for reparative odontogenesis. This study investigates PBG‐integrated MC (PIMC) by characterizing its properties, assessing human dental pulp stem cell activity related to initial inflammatory adaptation and odontogenic differentiation, and evaluating hard tissue formation using an in vivo dog pulpotomy model. Results indicate that a 5% PBG‐integrated MC (5PIMC) maintains the physicochemical properties of MC. Furthermore, 5PIMC demonstrates cytocompatibility, excellent expression of osteo/odontogenic markers, and resistance to inflammatory markers, significantly outperforming MC. Enhanced hard tissue formation is observed in the dental pulp of mongrel dog teeth treated with 5PIMC. These findings suggest that 5PIMC could be an optimal and suitable material for reparative odontogenesis through VPT.
Intertwined Flexoelectricity and Stacking Ferroelectricity in Marginally Twisted hBN Moiré Superlattice
Authors: Wan Siyuan , Huang Hanying , Liu Huanlin , Liu Heng , Li Zhixiong , Li Yue , Liao Zhimin , Lanza Mario , Zeng Hualing , Zhou Yangbo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMoiré superlattices in twisted van der Waals homo/heterostructures present a fascinating interplay between electronic and atomic structures, with potential applications in electronic and optoelectronic devices. Flexoelectricity, an electromechanical coupling between electric polarization and strain gradient, is intrinsic to these superlattices because of the lattice misfit strain at the atomic scale. However, due to its weak magnitude, the effect of flexoelectricity on moiré ferroelectricity has remained underexplored. Here, the role of flexoelectricity in shaping and modulating the moiré ferroelectric patterns in twisted hBN homojunction is unveiled. Enhanced flexoelectric effects induce unique stacking ferroelectric domains with hollow triangular structures. Interlayer bubbles influence domain shape and periodicity through local electric field modulation, and tip‐stress enables the reversible manipulation of domain area and polarization direction. These findings highlight the impact of flexoelectric effects on moiré ferroelectricity, offering a new tuning knob for its manipulation.
Unraveling the Fast Ionic Conduction in NASICON‐Type Materials
Authors: He Yufang , Scivally Elena , Shaji Ajay , Ouyang Bin , Zeng Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNa Superionic Conductor (NASICON) materials stand out as an important class of ionic conductors, offering high ionic conductivity and notable electrochemical stability for applications such as solid electrolytes. While advances through compositional engineering have been made to enhance the ionic conductivity of NASICONs, the fundamental mechanisms underlying their superionic conducting behavior remain unresolved. In this study, the interplay between local and global factors—specifically, bottleneck volume and Na site ordering— that influence ionic conduction within the NASICON framework is elucidated. Analysis of reported ionic conductivity data indicates that optimal bottleneck volumes exceed 3.7 Å3, adjustable through the choice of metal cations and polyanions. Additionally, the findings imply that weaker Na site ordering, which enhances ionic conduction, can be induced by increasing the Na content, selecting metal cations with a d0 electron configuration, or mixing elements at the cation or polyanion sites. Moreover, it is proposed that the predominant diffusion mechanism can shift between occupancy‐conserved hopping (OCH), occurring under conditions of strong Na site ordering, and single‐ion hopping (SIH), which becomes possible when site ordering is minimal. These insights offer strategic guidelines for designing NASICONs with superionic conductivity, promoting the development of solid electrolytes for safer and more energy‐dense all‐solid‐state batteries.