bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of the Croatian National Security Strategy in the Hybrid Threats Context
Authors: Smiljanic Drazen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe development of the new National Security Strategy (NSS) of the Republic of Croatia, begun in November 2016, takes place in a radically different security environment compared to the first (and current) Croatian NSS published in 2002. This paper aims to provide incentives for potential adaptations to the approach and methodology used in Croatia’s NSS development, particularly in relation to hybrid warfare. Assuming that the hybrid adversary tends heavily to exploit the vulnerabilities of the targeted state and society, the paper addresses some of Croatia’s widely recognized weaknesses that should be taken into consideration in a threat assessment. As a conclusion, the paper proposes some recommendations, including the concept of societal resilience, related to ways to counter hybrid threats.
An Economic Design of Rectifying Double Acceptance Sampling Plans via Maxima Nomination Sampling
Authors: Razmkhah Mansooreh , Sadeghpour Gildeh Bahram , Ahmadi Jafar 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn industry when a lot of items is sent for inspection, double acceptance sampling plans (DASP) are considered as a way to decide on acceptance or rejection of the lot. If the lot contains items with high sensitivity, then the measuring of quality characteristics is destructive or costly. So we are looking for a method to decide that it has high performance. Using the ranked set sampling (RSS) method will make it stricter and more accurate whether or not to accept a lot. Moreover, it is affordable and will not burden extra costs on the buyer or the producer. In this paper, by using a special type of RSS, with the name of maxima nomination sampling (MNS), we design a DASP with regards to the total loss function. The results indicate that the total loss function, which is acquired by the MNS method, has lower values than the one using the simple random sampling (SRS) method.
The balance between alkali diffusion and alkali consuming reactions during impregnation of softwood. Impregnation for kraft pulping revisited
Authors: Brännvall Elisabet , Reimann Anders 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the impregnation stage is to ensure that cooking chemicals reach all parts of the chips. However, as alkali comes into contact with wood, reactions take place, which alter the paths available for ionic transport and dissolve wood components. The aim of the present study is to establish the most favorable impregnation conditions, which result in an even alkali concentration profile through the chip at a sufficiently high level without extensive yield losses due to peeling. Softwood chips were subjected to different impregnation conditions. The progress of impregnation was assessed by analyzing the concentration of hydroxide ions in the bound liquor inside wood chips and the release of acetic acid. The extent of undesired reactions was measured as the amount of carbohydrate degradation products formed and amount of wood dissolved. Increased temperature and time lead to more degradation of the carbohydrates during impregnation. At high temperature, the concentration of alkali in the bound liquor was lower due to higher alkali consumption in degradation reactions. The most favorable process is to perform impregnation at an elevated initial effective alkali (EA) for a short time. This resulted in an increased alkali concentration in the bound liquor within the chip without extensive carbohydrate degradation.
Selection of an Anticalin® against the membrane form of Hsp70 via bacterial surface display and its theranostic application in tumour models
Authors: Friedrich Lars , Kornberger Petra , Mendler Claudia T. , Multhoff Gabriele , Schwaiger Markus , Skerra Arne 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We describe the selection of Anticalins against a common tumour surface antigen, human Hsp70, using functional display on live Escherichia coli cells as fusion with a truncated EspP autotransporter. While found intracellularly in normal cells, Hsp70 is frequently exposed in a membrane-bound state on the surface of tumour cells and, even more pronounced, in metastases or after radiochemotherapy. Employing a recombinant Hsp70 fragment comprising residues 383-548 as the target, Anticalins were selected from a naïve bacterial library. The Anticalin with the highest affinity (K
D=13 nm), as determined towards recombinant full-length Hsp70 by real-time surface plasmon resonance analysis, was improved to K
D=510 pm by doped random mutagenesis and another cycle of E. coli surface display, followed by rational combination of mutations. This Anticalin, which recognises a linear peptide epitope located in the interdomain linker of Hsp70, was demonstrated to specifically bind Hsp70 in its membrane-associated form in immunofluorescence microscopy and via flow cytometry using the FaDu cell line, which is positive for surface Hsp70. The radiolabelled and PASylated Anticalin revealed specific tumour accumulation in xenograft mice using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. Furthermore, after enzymatic coupling to the protein toxin gelonin, the Anticalin showed potent cytotoxicity on FaDu cells in vitro.
Impact of protamine I on colon cancer proliferation, invasion, migration, diagnosis and prognosis
Authors: Chen Zhi , Shi Chunyu , Gao Shuohui , Song Defeng , Feng Ye 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper investigates protamine I (PRM1) expression and its effects on proliferation, invasion and migration of colon cancer cells as well as its function in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Gene chips were used to screen differentially expressed genes. PRM1 expression was detected by Western blotting and quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry were utilized to compare the expression of PRM1 from multiple differentiation levels of colon cancer tissues. Cell viability, cell apoptosis and cell cycle were tested using the MTT assay and flow cytometry. Cell invasion and migration capability were tested using the Transwell assay and wound healing. In vivo effects of PRM1 on colon cancer were explored using a xenograft model. PRM1 expression in serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expression level of PRM1 was significantly higher in colon cancer tissues and the staining degree of PRM1 in poorly-differentiated was stronger. pcDNA3.1-PRM1 decreased cell apoptosis while it increased the proliferation, cell invasion and migration. The si-PRM1 group displayed an opposite tendency. The serum PRM1 level was significantly higher and could serve as a diagnostic biomarker for colon cancer.
Food and cultural omnivorism: a reflexive discussion on otherness, interculturality and cosmopolitanism
Authors: Pellerano Joana A. , Riegel Viviane 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper is part of the research project “Cosmopolitismos juvenis no Brasil” (Youth Cosmopolitanisms in Brazil), partner of the international research project “Cultures Juveniles à l’ ère de la globalization”. Our aim for this paper is to understand the connection between food and cosmopolitan experiences, discussing two main perspectives of omnivorism studies - (1) that cultural omnivorism cause long-term indifference for cultural diversity; and (2) that this omnivorism indicates only intercultural curiosity translated into specific distinctive capital in fields of power - and the possibility of these visions of cultural omnivorism turn into a reflexive view of the Other. We applied empirical and bibliographic research, including qualitative research with Brazilians aged between 18 and 24 years who are living in the city of São Paulo, and theoretical reflections related to the fields of food and cultural studies, covering omnivorism, otherness and cosmopolitanism. In the case of the first perspective, there is no possibility of connection to otherness, hence, to cosmopolitanism. The analysis of the second perspective shows that it is possible to find threats of distinction connected to cultural and food omnivorism. Therefore, it is still necessary to develop further studies to understand the reflexive dimension of cosmopolitanism within cultural and food consumption.
Dynamics of typical Baire-1 functions on the interval
Authors: Steele T. H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Let

I
=

[
0
,
1
]

{I=[0,1]}

, and let

b
⁢

B
1

{bB_{1}}

be the set of Baire-1 self-maps
of I. For

f
∈

b
⁢

B
1

{f\in bB_{1}}

, let

Λ
⁢

(
f
)

=

⋃

x
∈
I

ω
⁢

(
x
,
f
)

{\Lambda(f)=\bigcup_{x\in I}\omega(x,f)}

be
the set of ω-limit points of f. We prove the following:

(i)
There exists a residual subset S of

b
⁢

B
1

{bB_{1}}

such that for any

f
∈
S

{f\in S}

and

x
∈
I

{x\in I}

the ω-limit set

ω
⁢

(
x
,
f
)

{\omega(x,f)}

is contained in the
set of points at which f is continuous, and

ω
⁢

(
x
,
f
)

{\omega(x,f)}

is an

∞

{\infty}

-adic adding machine.

(ii)
There exists a residual subset S of

b
⁢

B
1

{bB_{1}}

such that for any

f
∈
S

{f\in S}

and for any

ε
>
0

{\varepsilon>0}

there exists a natural number M such that

f
m

⁢

(
I
)

⊂

B
ε

⁢

(

Λ
⁢

(
f
)

)

{f^{m}(I)\subset B_{\varepsilon}(\Lambda(f))}

whenever

m
>
M

{m>M}

. Moreover,

f
:

Λ
⁢

(
f
)

→

Λ
⁢

(
f
)

{f:\Lambda(f)\rightarrow\Lambda(f)}

is a bijection.
HMM with emission process resulting from a special combination of independent Markovian emissions
Authors: Nasroallah Abdelaziz , Elkimakh Karima 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
One of the most used variants of hidden Markov models (HMMs) is the standard case where the time is discrete and the state spaces (hidden and observed spaces) are finite.
In this framework, we are interested in HMMs whose emission process results from a combination of independent Markov chains. Principally, we assume that the emission process evolves as follows:
given a hidden state realization k at time t, an emission is a realization of a Markov chain

Y
t
k

{Y_{t}^{k}}

at time t, and for two different hidden states k and

k
′

{k^{\prime}}

,

Y
t
k

{Y_{t}^{k}}

and

Y
t

k
′

{Y_{t}^{k^{\prime}}}

are assumed independent.
Given the hidden process, the considered emission process selects its realizations from independent and homogeneous Markov chains evolving simultaneously.
In this paper, we propose to study the three known basic problems of such an HMM variant, by deriving corresponding formulas and algorithms.
This allows us to enrich the set of application scenarios of HMMs.
Numerical examples are presented to show the applicability of our proposed approach by deriving statistical estimations.
Exploring the Gap Between Male and Female Employment in the South African Workforce
Authors: Sinden Elaine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWomen in South Africa have for decades, experienced discrimination in the workplace because certain positions such as top and senior management posts were predominately given to men. If women were employed, they were mostly offered positions at the lower levels of the organisation, or specific jobs such as secretaries or administrative jobs. To address such discrimination, to ensure gender equality is promoted and women are offered equal employment opportunities, the South African government has since 1994 adopted different anti- discriminatory laws to expedite equal employment to improve the position of women in the workplace. To explore the extent to which the position of women in the workplace has changed - if at all - since the dawn of democracy, this paper provides an analysis of women’s employment standing in 2014 in the South African workforce. The goal of this study is to identify employment gender gaps both in terms of employment numbers, as well as employment in different sectors. To explore this objective, the study first provides an overview of some of the anti - discriminatory laws that were put in place by the South African government to promote equal opportunities for all South Africans, especially women. Second, the study develops a conceptual framework based on an analysis of the literature on gender equality and its link to equal employment for women. Finally, the study provides an overview of the South African labour force as at 2014, showing the gap between male and female employment. The findings confirm that despite South Africa’s progressive legislative and policy measures, women remain underrepresented in the workplace, meaning that progress in redressing unfair discrimination has been slow and/or uneven. The findings also reveal that men continue to dominate the workforce, especially in top and senior management positions.
Indonesian Law Development on Housing Collateral
Authors: Hartanto J Andy 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The collateral law is a provision and rule of law governing the legal relationship between the receiver and the receivable of credit by charging a guarantee. Then in about the loading of Flats with Rescue Rights. Therefore, based on the provisions of Article 27 on mortgage law, the Flats are no longer possible guaranteed by Mortgage and Fiduciary, since the object of collateral with Mortgage and Fiduciary in flats act has become the object of collateral which is burdened with mortgage right by mortgage law. The Right to Land in the Flats can not be burdened with the mortgage right, because it is a collective land, it is only possible to be guaranteed with the Mortgage right only by the Developer at the time of building the flats, but when it was established the flats, it is no longer possible Burdened with a mortgage, which may be just the Property of the Housing Unit because it is the possession of a person who is the things that stand on the ground together.
Mobile Commerce Switching Intentions in Thai Consumers
Authors: Sombultawee Kedwadee 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis research applies an extended Unified Theory of Adoption and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model to consumer intentions to switch from other retail channels to mobile commerce in Thailand. Mobile commerce is a rapidly growing segment of the consumer market, but remains in an early stage of adoption in many markets. A survey of Thai consumers (n = 458) was conducted online and analyzed using a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. Findings showed that the extended UTAUT model, which included online social support and convenience, significantly explained the consumer decision to engage in mobile commerce. However, direct incentives (discounts and referral codes) were not significant. The implication of these findings is that mobile commerce providers need to focus on building social support for the technology itself, rather than relying on marketing tools like discounts or referral codes if they want to shift sales away from other retail channels.
Analysis of ECOWAS Institutional Framework for Conflict Management
Authors: Odobo Samuel Osagie , Andekin Amos Musa , Udegbunam Kingsley 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) has evolved conflict management and security framework through which it responds to the myriads of socio-political crisis in the sub-region. This paper assesses the ECOWAS mechanisms for conflict management vis-à-vis the challenges facing the region. It begins by looking at the nature of conflict in West Africa; and then the evolution of ECOWAS conflict management framework. Using content analysis, the paper argues that ECOWAS has evolved a comprehensive conflict management and security framework and has made significant achievements in conflict management in the West African sub-region. It however, recommends peacebuilding efforts that address poverty, human rights abuses and election fraud as well as more synergy and political will to handle religious extremism in the sub-region
Academic Cheating in School: A Process of Dissonance Between Knowledge and Conduct
Authors: Pramadi Andrian , Pali Marthen , Hanurawan Fattah , Atmoko Adi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAcademic cheating behavior in schools have been discussed and reported. Students display academic cheating behavior during tests, quizzes, or tasks. The dynamics of academic cheating behavior is complex and not easily explained with just one factor. The external factors such as peer influence, teacher’s teaching methods, parental pressure, and academic climate are factors that interact with each other to bring out student academic cheating behavior. The grades or numbers from the tests, quizzes, or tasks are used to represent the students’ academic performance in school. On junior high school, cheating is already common, generally conducted during tests or quizzes in the form of copying the answers of other students and cooperating on the test. This research is a preliminary quantitative study in the attempt to describe academic cheating behavior on 139 grade XII junior high school students. Sample collection was conducted with “multistage random stratified sampling” or graded/leveled random collection method, which is a sample collection method with population units grouped into homogeneous groups. Research results showed that there were no correlation between students’ knowledge of plagiarizing behavior with the behavior appearance (r = -.0.096, p = 0.260) and between knowledge of cheating behavior with the behavior appearance (r = -0.08, p = 0.925). However, there was a difference on the appearance of plagiarizing behavior reviewed from the knowledge of plagiarism (F = 2.303, p = 0.038) while there was no difference on cheating behavior reviewed from the knowledge of cheating (F = 1.18, p = 0.355). This showed that the frequency of students conducting cheating or plagiarizing behavior was not merely based on their level of knowledge.
Crystal structure of dimethanol-bis{3-(((2-oxidonaphthalen-1-yl)methylene)amino)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-olato-κ3
O,N:O′}dizinc(II), C42H30Zn2N2O10
Authors: Su Qiong , Wang Yan-Bin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
C42H30Zn2N2O10, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 8.5451(9) Å, b = 11.6897(12) Å, c = 18.4893(19) Å, β = 100.733(3)°, Z = 2, V = 1814.6(3) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0404, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1029, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of tetrakis(methanol-κO)bis{3-((4-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene)amino)-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-olato-κ3
O,N,O′}bicobalt(II), C38H38Co2N2O14
Authors: Jia Hao-Ran , Li Jing , Sun Yin-Xia 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
C38H38Co2N2O14, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.7459(5) Å, b = 7.9026(7) Å, c = 24.0622(15) Å, β = 100.260(5)°, Z = 2, V = 1823.6(2) Å3, R
gt(F) = 0.0576, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1201, T = 293(2) K.
The crystal structure of 1,2-bis(3-(pyridin-3-yl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)ethane, C16H12N6O2
Authors: Liu Fei , Fang Huang , Zhang Fang , Chen Qifan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
C16H12N6O2, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 4.791(5) Å, b = 28.156(5) Å, c = 5.747(5) Å, β = 109.941(5)°, V = 728.8(10) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0407, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0998, T = 293(2) K.
Hoya Eyegenius®: New Method for Measuring and Correcting Fixation Disparity
Authors: Schroth Volkhard , Prenat Olga , Vlasak Natalia , Crelier Roger 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Many things interfere with good binocular vision in nowadays modern digital environment: long periods spent looking at screens and switching between different digital devices at short distances. Vision-related or asthenopic complaints such as headaches, tired and burning eyes or blurred vision can be experienced by many people. Prescribing prismatic correction for fixation disparity can help to reduce these symptoms. A new, highly innovative method for measuring and correcting fixation disparity has been developed - HOYA EyeGenius®. The HOYA EyeGenius® method includes the unique examination procedures, pre-tests and fixation disparity measurements at far and near distances. The pre-tests allow to include patients with asthenopic complaints only with normal binocular vision and exclude cases with abnormal binocular vision. The main innovation of EyeGenius is based on direct conversion of the fixation disparity value into a prism amount. Therefore, the trial prismatic lenses are not used during the test. The use of digital devices makes this method interactive and minimizes the influence of the examiner.
Polyamines, folic acid supplementation and cancerogenesis
Authors: Bjelakovic Gordana , Stojanovic Ivana , Stoimenov Tatjana Jevtovic , Pavlovic Dusica , Kocic Gordana , Bjelakovic Goran B. , Sokolovic Dusan , Basic Jelena 
Published: November 2017

AbstractClinical practice and experimental studies have shown the necessity of sufficient quantities of folic acid intake for normal embryogenesis and fetal development in the prevention of neural tube defects (NTDs) and neurological malformations. So, women of childbearing age must be sure to have an adequate folate intake periconceptionally, prior to and during pregnancy. Folic acid fortification of all enriched cereal grain product flour has been implemented in many countries. Thus, hundreds of thousands of people have been exposed to an increased intake of folic acid. Folate plays an essential role in the biosynthesis of methionine. Methionine is the principal aminopropyl donor required for polyamine biosynthesis, which is up-regulated in actively growing cells, including cancer cells. Folates are important in RNA and DNA synthesis, DNA stability and integrity. Clinical and epidemiological evidence links folate deficiency to DNA damage and cancer. On the other hand, long-term folate oversupplementation leads to adverse toxic effects, resulting in the appearance of malignancy. Considering the relationship of polyamines and rapidly proliferating tissues (especially cancers), there is a need for better investigation of the relationship between the ingestion of high amounts of folic acid in food supplementation and polyamine metabolism, related to malignant processes in the human body.
Private or Public Law Enforcement? The Case of Digital Anti-Piracy Policies with Illegal Non-Monitored Behaviors
Authors: Darmon Eric , Le Texier Thomas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractShould rights be publicly or privately enforced in the case of digital piracy? The emergence of large-scale anti-piracy laws and the existence of illegal non-monitored channels raise important issues for the design of anti-piracy policies. We study the impact of these demand-side policies in two enforcement settings (namely, public and private enforcement settings) with an outside adoption option for users of an illegal non-monitored channel. Our results show that public enforcement generates higher monitoring and lower price levels, and also higher legal welfare than private enforcement. However, we identify potential conflicts of interest between the legal seller and the social planner when the efficiency of the illegal non-monitored channel is low. Introducing supply-side policies, i.e. policies targeted to suppliers of illegal content, we find that they may have unexpected impacts and can damage legal welfare. We also identify situations in which the two policies are substitutes or complements.