bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquired tracheoesophageal fistula following rubber toy ingestion
Authors: Bar‐On Ophir , Almog Anastasia , Peysakhovich Yuri , Kravarusic Dragan , Shouval Dror , Stafler Patrick , Prais Dario 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe depict an uncommon presentation of rubber toy ingestion which remained impacted in the esophagus for months, gradually eroding the mucosa, and ultimately causing a traumatic acquired tracheoesophageal fistula.
Evaluating RB1 and p53 as diagnostic markers in treatment‐related neuroendocrine prostate cancer through immunohistochemistry and genomic analysis of RB1 and TP53
Authors: Ueki Hideto , Jimbo Naoe , Terakawa Tomoaki , Hara Takuto , Tobe Taisuke , Hirata Junichiro , Wakita Naoto , Okamura Yasuyoshi , Suzuki Kotaro , Bando Yukari , Chiba Koji , Teishima Jun , Nakano Yuzo , Miyake Hideaki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe diagnosis of treatment‐related neuroendocrine prostate cancer (t‐NEPC) often involves a pathological assessment and immunohistochemistry (IHC) for neuroendocrine markers. Genomic alterations in RB1 and TP53 are frequently observed in NEPC and are believed to play a crucial role in the transformation of adenocarcinoma to NEPC. In this study, we examined the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and genetic features of patients with t‐NEPC to better understand their prognosis and diagnostic utility.MethodsThis retrospective study reviewed the records of patients diagnosed with t‐NEPC at Kobe University Hospital between October 2018 and December 2022. Clinical data, including age, serum neuroendocrine marker levels, and treatment history, were collected. IHC was performed for conventional neuroendocrine markers (synaptophysin, chromogranin A, and CD56) and RB1 and p53 expression. Next‐generation sequencing (NGS) was conducted using FoundationOne® CDx to identify mutations in RB1 and TP53.ResultsThis study included 20 patients with t‐NEPC. The median time from ADT initiation to development was 42.8 months. IHC revealed RB1 loss in 75% of cases and p53 abnormalities in 75% of cases. NGS identified RB1 mutations in 55% and TP53 mutations in 75% of cases. The concordance between NGS and IHC results was high, with 70% (14/20) agreement for RB1/RB1 and 80% (16/20) for p53/TP53. The immunostaining and genomic analysis of RB1/RB1 and p53/TP53 showed abnormal findings for the four negative cases for conventional neuroendocrine markers.ConclusionsThis study indicated high concordance between IHC and NGS findings for RB1/RB1 and p53/TP53 in t‐NEPC. We provide a comprehensive benchmark of NGS performance compared with IHC, and these findings may help increase the diagnostic sensitivity of t‐NEPC.
Diagnostic potential of SDHB mRNA contained in serum extracellular vesicles among patients with prostate cancer
Authors: Kato Taku , Sugihara Eiji , Hata Yuko , Kawakami Kyojiro , Fujita Yasunori , Mizutani Kosuke , Ando Tatsuya , Sakai Yasuhiro , Sakurai Kouhei , Toyota Shohei , Ehara Hidetoshi , Ito Masafumi , Ito Hiroyasu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAndrogen receptor signaling inhibitors(ARSIs) have been used to treat patients with metastatic prostate cancer (PC) and castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this study, we aimed to identify novel serum extracellular vesicle (EV)‐based biomarkers to diagnose ARSI‐resistance and therapeutic targets for ARSI‐resistant CRPC.MethodsTotal RNA contained in serum EVs from 5 cases of CRPC before ARSI treatment and after acquiring ARSI‐resistance was subjected to RNA‐sequencing. The expression changes of selected RNAs contained in EVs were confirmed in 48 cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 107 PC using reverse transcription‐quantitative PCR (RT‐qPCR) and compared with tissue RNA expression using public datasets.ResultsRNA‐sequencing revealed that mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS)‐related genes were increased in EVs after acquiring ARSI‐resistance. Among them, RT‐qPCR and datasets analysis demonstrated that SDHB mRNA was upregulated after acquiring ARSI‐resistance in EVs and ARSI‐exposed PC tissue compared to ARSI‐naïve EVs and tissue, respectively. SDHB mRNA levels both in EVs and tissue were increased in localized PC compared with BPH and decreased in advanced PC. Tissue expression of SDHB mRNA was significantly correlated with those of other OXPHOS‐related genes. SDHB mRNA in EVs (EV‐SDHB) was elevated among 3 out of 7 ARSI‐treating patients with stable PSA levels who later progressed to ARSI‐resistant CRPC.ConclusionsThe levels of OXPHOS‐related mRNAs in EVs correlated with those in PC tissue, among which SDHB mRNA was found to be a novel biomarker to diagnose ARSI‐resistance. EV‐SDHB may be useful for early diagnosis of ARSI‐resistance.
A rare case of subcutaneous emphysema in a young and healthy patient with parainfluenza virus 3 pneumonia
Authors: Akeely Yahia Yaseen , Alesa Saleh , Hassan Hassan Gafar , Almarzouqi Sultan , Alchammat Mohamad Ziad , Elghor Omar , Patel Shabana Begum , Shaat Emad Hamdi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn 18‐year‐old healthy male complained of a 7‐day history of fever, cough, and sore throat, along with a three‐day history of left facial swelling. The x‐rays revealed subcutaneous emphysema in the chest, neck, face, and mediastinum region (Pneumomediastinum). Furthermore, an area of infiltration was visible, indicating pneumonia. Therefore, we immediately started him on intravenous antibiotics. We then moved the patient to an isolation room, considering pulmonary tuberculosis as one of the differential diagnoses. However, the Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB), Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Bacteria‐Polymerase Chain Reaction (MTB PCR), and sputum for gram stain and culture were all negative. On the other hand, the test for parainfluenza virus 3 was positive. The patient was observed with a daily chest x‐ray to monitor the progress of pneumonia and subcutaneous emphysema. Fortunately, the subcutaneous emphysema was significantly reduced on a daily basis until it was completely resolved before discharge home.
Combining biopsy needle and virtual bronchoscopy for tuberculosis‐induced complete bronchial blockage
Authors: Nakano Yoshio , Okamoto Norio , Enomoto Yuri , Gohma Iwao , Hukuda Hiroyuki , Yamamoto Yoko , Ikeda Naoki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEndobronchial tuberculosis (EBTB) presents significant clinical challenges, particularly when complete bronchial obstruction occurs. In this case, a young woman with right main bronchus occlusion due to tuberculosis (TB) was treated using a novel approach. Instead of using a traditional rigid bronchoscope, a flexible approach was adopted. Under precise fluoroscopic guidance, a 21‐gauge transbronchial aspiration needle was used to puncture the obstruction, allowing passage of the guidewire and subsequent balloon dilation. The use of virtual bronchoscopy, developed using computed tomography scans, ensures safe navigation around critical vascular structures. Postoperatively, the patient showed significant symptomatic improvement without complications. This innovative approach not only demonstrates the efficacy and safety of using biopsy needles and virtual bronchoscopy for managing complete bronchial obstructions in EBTB but also opens the door for future innovative solutions in such complex cases.
Novel application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with hepatocyte growth factor on subacute vocal fold wound healing
Authors: Xu En‐Hong , Meng Xin‐Jun , Wang Tian‐Yu , Wu Shun‐Yu , Liu Huan‐Hai , Lang Jun‐Tian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesVocal fold (VF) scar causes solemn vocal problems for patients with previous surgery or laryngeal injury. It is also a difficult management problem for clinicians since rare superior management methods are available at present. Previous research usually focuses on the acute period of VF wound repairing, with little attention on subacute period intervention. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) combinations that are applied to treat VF wounds are rarely reported. The current study investigated the effects of BMMSCs‐HGF application on the regeneration of the VF mucosa during the subacute period.MethodsA bilateral wound was generated by forceps in the VF of each New Zealand White rabbit. BMMSCs are based on the acellular dermal matrix as cell carriers. Various compounds (BMMSCs‐AMD complex with or without HGF) was injected into the wounded VF at 2‐ or 4‐weeks following injury. Animals were killed at 60 days postinjection. Imaging of excised larynges was performed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was also conducted.ResultsCollectively, 18 rabbits accepted injury modeling, with two of them died before repairing intervention. IHC results indicated that type‐I collagen was significantly devalued in the cluster injected with BMMSCs‐HGF than simple application of BMMSCs. The results of TEM suggested that the BMMSCs‐HGF injection can significantly reduce the collagen score.ConclusionOur preliminary study suggests opening regenerative effects of intervention for VF subacute scaring, with BMMSCs‐HGF.
Enhanced slit methodology for characterization of x‐ray focal properties
Authors: Dazheng Wang , Mingzhang Chu , Li Han 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe measurement of focal spot sizes in industrial x‐ray tubes using conventional edge and slit methods typically requires complex slit diaphragms and auxiliary testing equipment. Additionally, stringent spatial‐positioning requirements are imposed on the x‐ray tube, auxiliary testing equipment, and detector, making the machining of auxiliary testing equipment and meeting test conditions challenging. This study optimized and improved the auxiliary testing equipment and computations in the slit method based on the principles of the edge method. An experimental setup capable of self‐calibrating the spatial positions was designed, avoiding measurement errors during focal‐spot‐size measurements. We derived a formula for the focal spot size for this experimental setup, allowing measurements using slits of various sizes. Furthermore, we proposed a method for determining the focal spot size through linear fitting of multiple sets of slit dimensions and projected widths of the focal spot on the detector. This approach filters out random noise and errors during data collection, significantly enhancing measurement precision. By adjusting the slit and detector angles, we could measure the focal spot sizes at various angles and draw contour maps of the focal spot shape. This method was applied to measure the focal spot size and shape of a side‐window x‐ray tube under different voltage conditions. The overall measurement error was less than 6%, reflecting the reliability, accuracy, and consistency of the results obtained using the proposed method. Thus, the proposed method supports the inspection, verification, and maintenance of x‐ray sources.
Diversity Accommodation and Fiscal Federalism: Relevance of the Topic and Rationale for Case Selection
Authors: Romero Caro Francisco Javier , Valdesalici Alice 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe accommodation of diversity is one of the greatest challenges that modern societies must face. In addition, today, many federal systems encounter a loss of solidarity and an upsurge of interregional disparities. These have exacerbated dormant tensions and intergovernmental conflicts that, in certain cases, could even give rise to secessionist movements. Multilevel government (either in federal or regional form) plays a key role in managing diversity and reducing the risk of secession. This has led to decentralization being presented by some scholars as the antidote for secessionist/nationalist movements. However, contrasting views also spice up the debate. Moreover, history has not proven any one of these theories. Although conflicts and secessionism arise from multiple factors, traditionally, the literature on diversity accommodation has predominantly focused on differences from ethnonational, cultural, linguistic, or religious diversity and not on the economic driver for autonomy or national recognition. The study of fiscal instruments and financial relations (i.e., fiscal federalism) has, for the most part, been left aside, even though the latter has a critical role in this respect. Although the financial dimension is a vital component of any system of shared government, as the lack of resources to finance constitutionally assigned competences would render these inoperable, reducing autonomy to an empty vessel, the nexus between diversity accommodation and fiscal federalism remains to a large extent understudied. In addition, the financial dimension is almost never mentioned in the literature on diversity accommodation. Along the same line, fiscal federalism has been analyzed from other angles, paying attention to matters such as the allocation of financial resources and the powers thereof, as well as the functioning of financial relations among different levels of government, but without drawing much interest from the literature on nationalism and minority accommodation and to the contribution the first could give to the latter (and vice versa) in terms of research advancements.
The United Kingdom’s Territorial Funding Arrangement: A Holding Together Tool?
Authors: Romero Caro Francisco Javier 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe accommodation of territorial diversity is one of the biggest challenges that modern societies must face nowadays, especially in a context where secessionist movements are on the rise. Multilevel government plays a key role in managing diversity and reducing the risk of secession. The fiscal dimension is a vital component of any system of shared government as the lack of financial resources to finance constitutionally assigned competences would render them inoperable, reducing autonomy to an empty vessel. However, the use of fiscal instruments to accommodate diversity and reduce the risk of secession has barely been explored. Against this background, this chapter explores, from a legal perspective, the internal architecture of the United Kingdom’s territorial funding arrangement, the Barnett formula, with the aim of investigating its integrative and disintegrative effects in relation to Scotland. This is done on the hypothesis that redistribution mechanisms: raise the cost of secession in subunits that are net receivers of funds; have an integrating function as they promote economic development and cohesion; and tend to enhance a sense of belonging and solidarity among constituent units by fostering national unity. The chapter focuses on all sources of law, including also secondary legislation, with the final aim of evaluating if and to what extent the Barnett formula can be conceived as an instrument of nation building that contributes to reducing territorial tensions and accommodating diversity, in the end reversing disintegrative trends. This is done through the evaluation of the integrative and disintegrative potentials of each of the elements of the internal architecture of equalization mechanisms.
Conditional Concessions and Cessation of Secession: What Role for Fiscal Federalism?—Insights from India
Authors: Sharma Chanchal Kumar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFiscal constitutions play a key role in shaping perceptions that impact secession demands through fiscal autonomy and equalization. This study finds that the absence of fiscal equalization fosters anxiety in low-income states, while excessive equalization demoralizes high-income states. However, secessionist movements are only incited in the presence of an ethnic-economic overlap and the perception of economic deprivation and political disempowerment among minorities. Economic injustice often serves as the initial catalyst, politicizing insecure minorities and propelling them to seek institutional means to express their grievances. Yet, when state systems fail to provide these channels, ethnic or religious minorities may resort to violence. The central government can only negotiate through concessions until military confrontation escalates. Once military suppression begins, it tends to reinforce the very forces it seeks to suppress, and the secessionist crisis enters a vicious cycle of reinforcement. However, when militants surrender—as in Assam’s case—it halts counterinsurgency operations and triggers concessions. Contrastingly, in Punjab, militants unwaveringly demanded independence and refused concessions. Thus, when the military eventually quelled the movement, the central government had no incentive to offer concessions. Finally, if military confrontations are prolonged due to continuous internal and external support for the militants, any previously granted concessions are retracted to undermine the militancy’s support base, as in the cases of Jammu and Kashmir. The region’s special privileges, afforded by Article 370, have been annulled, and its status has been downgraded from a state to a union territory, placing it under direct central administration.
ICP-OES analysis of Lithium in honey, royal jelly, bee bread, propolis, and bees following microwave-assisted sample preparation
Authors: Richter Annemarie , Rüdiger Max , Schumacher David M. , Kürbis Corinna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLithium is a natural, ubiquitously-occurring alkali metal found in varying amounts in foods like honey. Recently, lithium chloride (LiCl) was described to be effective against varroosis, a parasitic disease leading to loss of honey bee colonies with limited therapy options. However, LiCl treatment is not currently authorized for use in honey bee colonies. Such treatment might result in elevated lithium amounts in honey. To address this, a robust method for quantifying lithium in honey was validated using a microwave-assisted digestion technique combined with Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES), achieving detection levels as low as 0.151 mg/kg. The method was applied to 65 commercially available, randomly chosen honey samples, all of which had lithium levels below the limit of quantitation (LOQ). Furthermore, the method was successfully adapted for use with more complex bee matrices, including royal jelly, bee bread, propolis, and whole bees.
Trochleaplastik mit Vicryl-Fäden
Authors: Runer Armin , Nardelli Paul , Becher Christoph , Liebensteiner Michael 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungEine hochgradige Trochleadysplasie ist der primäre Risikofaktor einer patellofemoralen Instabilität und wird häufig mittels vertiefender Trochleaplastik (Trochlea-Osteotomie) behandelt. Bei der im deutschen Sprachraum weit verbreiteten „Thin-flap-Technik“ wird der gebildete osteochondrale Lappen mittels Vicryl-Tapes (Ethicon, Cornelia, GA, USA) fixiert und stabilisiert. Durch die Einstellung der Produktion der Vicryl-Tapes bedarf es einer Modifikation der ursprünglichen Technik. Die nachfolgend vorgestellte Operationstechnik beschreibt eine alternative Fixationsmethode mit fünf resorbierbaren Fadenpaaren anstelle der Tapes.
In-process, real-time monitoring of forming forces in rotary draw bending process
Authors: He Xu , Welo Torgeir , Ma Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMonitoring forming forces in metal forming processes is essential for analyzing process behaviors, mechanisms, and defect detection. This is particularly relevant in aluminum tube bending processes, where the dimensional quality of the formed product is sensitive to multiple upstream and in-process variables. This research presents a method for real-time, in-process monitoring of forming forces in rotary draw bending (RDB). By developing a set of innovative forming tools (clamp die, bend die, pressure die, etc.) with directional force sensors embedded, key forming forces are measured. Through a series of experiments, the measurement method was validated by analyzing both measured forces and calculated moments, demonstrating high measurement consistency. The systematic examination of measurement variations provided insights into the reliability and robustness of the method. Moreover, comparison with FE results supported the accuracy of the measurements. Additionally, laser-based measurements showed a good correlation between the measured springback angle and the calculated moment during bending. These findings lay the groundwork for the industrial implementation of in-process force measurements in RDB, advancing the production of tube components.
Development of a patient-centered app in Germany as a special health and organizational support by surveying patients with cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Oettinger Vera , Zimmermann Julia , von zur Mühlen Constantin , Kaier Klaus , Faber Thomas , Paulus Timo , Heidt Timo , Westermann Dirk , Zehender Manfred 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
A variety of health-related mobile applications (apps) and wearables often encompass a narrow application area. Our study therefore aims to provide the basis for the development of an app that comprehensively assists patients to deal with their disease in the best possible way and that improves the course of the disease in the long term.

Methods
We conducted a multicenter analysis of patients using a questionnaire study at two German clinics and surveyed 100 patients with cardiovascular disease. For the analysis of the interviews, particularly Likert scales were used.

Results
24.0% were female, median age was 62.5 years. Leading causes for hospitalization were coronary artery disease (40.0%) and heart failure (22.0%). The most frequent pre-existing conditions were arterial hypertension (55.0%), atrial fibrillation or atrial flutter (31.0%), and again coronary artery disease (31.0%). Typical disease associated feelings were fear for life (43.0%) and uncertainty (43.0%). When considering future management of the disease, 75.0% felt motivated, 70.0% felt confident, and 68.0% felt hopeful. Of the patients surveyed, 60.0% indicated a willingness to use the app and another 24.0% were potentially willing to do so. Furthermore, significantly more patients < 63 years stated a willingness or potential willingness to use the app (p = 0.029). For those considering an app usage in general, the most favoured features were a document management (81.8%) and a medication management (65.9%). While only 36.4% indicated that the app could at least partially alleviate their worries, 94.3% expected a reduction in organizational effort. With respect to age groups, there was no significant difference (organizational effort: p = 0.239; worries: p = 0.275).

Conclusions
Particularly younger patients < 63 years with cardiovascular disease show a substantial willingness to use an app as a special health support, particularly in terms of document and medication management. They especially hope for a reduction in organizational effort.

Graphical abstract
Kreislauffähigkeit von Kunststoff-Wahlplakaten
Authors: Steiner Paul , Lasslop Nicole , Weller Fabian , Auer Maximilian , Schmidt Jannick , Woidasky Jörg 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungPlakate sind ein wichtiges Medium der Außenwerbung und werden als Papier- oder Kunststoffplakate millionenfach unter anderem regelmäßig zu Wahlkampfzwecken eingesetzt. Die Publikation stellt zentrale kreislaufwirtschaftliche Informationen zu diesem Anwendungsfeld bereit. Die experimentelle Untersuchung gebrauchter Hohlkammer-Wahlplakate aus Polypropylen (PP) umfasst die Schritte Zerkleinern, Waschen, Entschichten, Extrusion und Spritzguss, deren Effekte auf die werkstoffliche Verwertung des Werkstoffs durch Messungen der Schmelzflussrate (MFR), FTIR-Spektroskopie zur Bestimmung des Carbonyl-Index und Zugversuche quantifiziert werden. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf nur geringe thermooxidative Veränderungen während des Recyclings mit geringen Wirkungen auf die Zugfestigkeit des rezyklierten Polypropylens hin. Deutliche Unterschiede wurden jedoch bei der Bruchdehnung gefunden, sodass aus werkstofflicher Sicht der Einsatz von Waschprozessen für die Aufbereitung gebrauchter Wahlplakate empfohlen werden kann. Grundsätzlich sind gebrauchte Wahlplakate gut für die Kreislaufführung geeignet, auch wenn einzelne Ansätze zum Ökodesign noch auf ihre Umsetzung warten.