bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Female Fertility Preserving Practices at a Pediatric Unit: A Challenge of Multiprofessional and Multidisciplinary Cooperation
Authors: Terenziani Monica , Meazza Cristina , Massimino Maura , Viganò Paola , Gandola Lorenza , Mangili Giorgia , Raspagliesi Francesco , Biasoni Davide , Podda Marta , Veneroni Laura , Filippi Francesca , Riccipetitoni Giovanna , Somigliana Edgardo 
Published: December 2015

Introduction Being able to have children could have an important positive effect on the future lives of pediatric cancer survivors. Working at a cancer institute makes us responsible for filling the gaps in our knowledge in this area of patient care. Methods We describe our activities in a series of young females diagnosed with cancer and evaluated for fertility preservation options. We discuss the developed skills and organization as well as the practical difficulties encountered in managing fertility preservation. Results Since September 2012, laparoscopy and cryopreservation of cortical ovarian tissue has been performed in 16 girls (with ovary transposition in 3, and after several cycles of chemotherapy in 5) and egg banking in 4 young women (before chemotherapy in 2 and several years after treatment in 2). Conclusions Recommendations on fertility preservation indicate that discussing the problems early on is crucial to future success. It is unthinkable to simply provide information and offer the opportunity to choose a fertility preserving technique without helping and accompanying patients and their families in their decisions and choices on the matter.
The Law as the Task of the Gospel: Karl Barth and the Possibility of an Apostolic Pragmatism
Authors: Woodard-Lehman Derek 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis article reflects on Karl Barth's Gospel-Law thesis as a resource for comparative and constructive Jewish-Christian interreligious ethics. Barth, a student of Cohen and a contemporary of Rosenzweig, inverts Martin Luther's formulation of the relationship between law and Gospel, and, thus, subverts Luther's problematic opposition between law and grace. Barth claims that “the Law is the task of the Gospel,” and thus reintegrates the law into Protestant theology and ethics. Doing so, he not only affirms a “third use” of the law. He creates an altogether new third way of approaching the law akin to rabbinic halakha. This paper explicates the development of Barth's thesis in the Barmen Declaration (1934) and “Gospel and Law” (1935). It delineates those communal practices of confession that he identifies in Church Dogmatics (1938) as fulfilling this task. And it advocates an “apostolic pragmatism” as a fitting Christian counterpart and complement to Peter Ochs's “rabbinic pragmatism.”
Naar een Landsverordening algemene regels van bestuursrecht?
Authors: Zijlstra S.E. 
Published: December 2015

Naar een Landsverordening algemene regels van bestuursrecht?
In Aruba wordt op dit moment gewerkt aan een Landsverordening houdende algemene regels van bestuursrecht, terwijl dat land, evenals de andere Caribische landen van het Koninkrijk, meerdere andere algemeen-bestuursrechtelijke wetten kent. Dit artikel onderzoekt het nut van invoering van een ‘Algemene wet bestuursrecht’ voor die Caribische landen. Conclusie is dat het belangrijker is dat het onderwerp van de bestuurlijke handhaving geregeld wordt, dan dat men gaat werken aan één omvattende landsverordening met meerdere bestuursrechtelijke onderwerpen. Deze conclusie is relevant voor het wetgevingsbeleid in Aruba, Curaçao en Sint Maarten.
European aspen (Populus tremula L.) genetic diversity assessed by molecular methods correlation with P. tremulae infection incidence
Authors: Verbylaitė Rita , Baliuckas Virgilijus , Kuusienė Sigutė 
Published: December 2015

This study was based on different susceptibility of <i>Populus tremula</i> clones to <i>Phellinus tremulae</i>, the major pathogen of this tree species. As the conventional resistance genes detection is time consuming and expensive, it is important to find other applicable methods to recognize resistance genes of the plants. The aim of this study was the assessment of correlation between various genetic population parameters and phenotipic, resistance or highly heritable traits of individual <i>P. tremula</i> trees. In this study we investigated all Lithuanian <i>P. tremula</i> plus trees from 16 populations in 3 provenance regions. Investigated trees were analyzed using RAPD, SSR and PCR-RFLP methods, and their individual and population genetic parameters as well as infection incidence with <i>P. tremulae</i> were assessed. Determined genetic parameters were examined for correlation with <i>P. tremulae</i> infection. Only two out of 292 RAPD loci were significant for damaged and undamaged by <i>P. tremulae</i> groups of trees. The resistance of investigated European aspen plus trees with <i>P. tremulae</i> showed no dependency on the population, provenance region or individual tree heterozygosity. RAPD loci linked to infection should be investigated further, to confirm or reject their value in assesing individual tree susceptibility to <i>P. tremulae</i> and the genetic mechanisms underlying such correlation.
Morphological and biological characteristics of selected clones of the purple willow (Salix purpurea L.) ‘Gracilis’ and evaluation of their productivity in short rotation plantations
Authors: Noreika Remigijus 
Published: December 2015

The aim of this research was to study the morphological and biological characteristics of the selected clones of <i>Salix purpurea</i> ‘Gracilis’ cultivar in short rotation plantations and to evaluate their productivity. By taking these aspects into account, it was attempted to study and evaluate seven selected clones of <i>Salix purpurea</i> ‘Gracilis’ as well as to summarize the research of their morphological and biological characteristics and their productivity over nine years of growing in short rotation plantations. After conducting a comparative study of sprout leaves of the selected clones it was determined that the leaves of different clones differ in shape, size and leafstalk length. Some characteristics of biological productivity such as bush height, the number of sprouts grown per bush, their length and diameter, slenderness ratio, and their number per hectare were studied as well.
Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Hydrocarbons Recovery in the Gas Rich Shales: An Insight from the Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Authors: Pathak Manas , Pawar Gorakh , Huang Hai , Deo Milind D. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Recent technological advances like horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing have made recovery of gas possible from the ultra low permeable shale plays in the United States. However, recoveries from these gas shales still tend to be in the range of single digits. It is believed that more than 80% of the generated hydrocarbons still remain in these tight formations. In order to increase the recovery from these tight shale plays, an enhanced recovery procedure using supercritical carbon dioxide as the injection fluid is recommended in this paper. In the current research, molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) have been performed on the kerogen-methane-carbon dioxide system to understand the absorption-adsorption-desorption phenomena of the super critical carbon dioxide fluid.
Previous studies have confirmed that the kerogen has a tendency to adsorb and absorb the hydrocarbons. In the current work, the type II kerogen model was chosen and annealed with the methane molecules. The Nose-Hoover style non-Hamiltonian equations of motion were used in a molecular simulator to generate positions and velocities sampled from the canonical (nvt) and isothermal-isobaric (npt) ensembles. This updates the position and velocity for atoms in the group each time step during the simulations. The pairwise distribution function and density of the mixture were calculated at the end of the simulations in order to validate the model with the experimental observations. The subsequent simulations with the carbon dioxide molecules in the periodic boundary conditions reveal that the carbon dioxide can sweep the absorbed methane from the kerogen matrix in the shales. The interactions at the interface between the carbon dioxide and the methane rich kerogen matrix are studied. These replicate the interactions at the fracture surface in the process of using super critical carbon dioxide as the fracturing fluid for enhanced gas recovery. Compared to methane, the carbon dioxide molecule has higher affinity to be adsorbed and eventually absorbed in the kerogen matrix because of its polar nature and linear shape. This allows the carbon dioxide to replace methane in the kerogen, thereby, sequestrating itself in the kerogen rich shale formations. Adsorption and absorption of the carbon dioxide in turn cause desorption of the methane from the kerogen, which aids in the gas recovery from such gas rich shales as the Marcellus Shale in the United States.
A Escola de Formação em Saúde da Família Visconde Sabóia: narrativas que resgatam uma história
Authors: Saraiva Maria José Galdino , Oliveira Eliany Nazaré , Dias Maria Socorro De Araújo , Silva Lielma Carla Chagas da , Carneiro Cleide 
Published: December 2015

Introdução: A institucionalização do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) trouxe inovações no campo da formação e gestão, promovendo melhoria na qualificação dos trabalhadores. Para atender a esta demanda foram instituídas as Escolas Técnicas do SUS que se propõem a realizar esta atividade em consonância com as necessidades das instituições de saúde e da Reforma Sanitária. Objetivo: Sabendo da importância dos centros formadores, objetivou‑se descrever as narrativas presentes no cenário da Educação na Saúde acerca da Escola de Formação em Saúde da Família Visconde de Sabóia (EFSFVS). Métodos: O estudo utiliza abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratório‑descritivo favorecendo a exploração da gênese da EFSFVS. A análise do estudo compreendeu o período de 2001 a 2012, palmilhando a exploração da história oral e documentos, tendo como sujeitos dez memorialistas com seus relatos oral, através de entrevistas, complementados pela análise documental. Resultados: Identificou‑se um fosso de registros sistematizados da História da Instituição possibilitando um possível esquecimento da memória carecendo de estudos que possam contribuir na uniformização e concentração das informações e a relação dialógica da EFSFVS com os segmentos que compõem o quadrilátero da Saúde. Outra evidência foi a existência de uma intensa relação entre a EFSFVS e o Controle Social, como: reuniões, participação em conferências e processos formativos tendo como público alvo os conselheiros. Conclusão: A EFSFVS teve sua criação e implantação a partir da necessidade de formação e educação permanente para os trabalhadores e desde então vem contribuindo na qualificação profissional, com algumas limitações referentes a documentações que possam relatar sua história.
Estudo comparativo da metodologia ativa “gincana” nas modalidades presencial e à distância em curso de graduação de Farmácia
Authors: Gossenheimer Agnes Nogueira , Carneiro Mára Lúcia Fernandes , Castro Mauro Silveira de 
Published: December 2015

Introdução: O crescimento da educação a distância (EaD) no Brasil tem sido cada vez mais intenso, inclusive em cursos da saúde. Objetivos: Realizar análise comparativa da “Gincana” nas modalidades presencial e a distância. Em 2012, a “Gincana” foi desenvolvida a distância, sendo denominada “Gincana Virtual”. Métodos: Equipes foram formadas e tarefas eram formuladas e trocadas entre elas, sendo avaliadas a construção da tarefa, factibilidade, pertinência de conteúdo e resposta. A gincana foi aplicada na modalidade a distância no primeiro semestre 2012 (n=40) e presencial no segundo semestre do mesmo ano (n=42). Foi respondido um questionário final de avaliação, considerando: Metodologia, Material, Tarefas e Considerações. Ainda foi avaliado o desempenho entre as modalidades. Resultados: A “Gincana” apresentou diferença significativa, sendo preferida pelos alunos na modalidade presencial. Conforme os comentários dos alunos, o uso do Fórum síncrono como forma de interação é inovador, porém pode dificultar a interação e o dinamismo da atividade. Por outro lado, incentiva a participação da turma, devido ao fato da EaD diminuir a exposição do aluno. Houve um melhor desempenho acadêmico, na média, na modalidade presencial. Conclusão: As gincanas promovem um aumento da atenção e da concentração dos estudantes por conta da competição, portanto, a ferramenta de interação da “Gincana Virtual” deve ser interativa e dinâmica, assim como ocorre no presencial.
Centro de Apoio ao Docente e Discente: avaliação por docentes e discentes universitários
Authors: Souza Jamili Rasoul Salem de , Akerman Marco 
Published: December 2015

Introdução: Tendo em vista as diversas demandas que são exigidas do Ensino Superior, foi criado o Centro de Apoio ao Docente e Discente (CADD) para promover e ampliar o diálogo institucional, vislumbrando a qualidade de ensino. Objetivo: Avaliar a implantação de um CADD em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior (IES) privada, na região do grande ABC, sob a percepção de gestores, docentes e discentes universitários. Métodos: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas tendo como sujeitos participantes de três grupos de gestores, docentes e discentes a partir de uma questão norteadora. Cada grupo se reuniu em três encontros: nos momentos de pré-implantação do Centro; na fase inicial; e após um ano da sua implantação. Os dados foram analisados a partir do levantamento de categorias selecionadas que se apresentaram na fala dos participantes. Resultados: Na sua pré-implantação, os sujeitos afirmaram total desconhecimento do CADD; durante a sua implantação, grande parte dos entrevistados conhecia os serviços prestados e já os utilizavam, havendo a participação ativa dos docentes e gestores; e na pós-implantação do CADD, todos os sujeitos envolvidos já o conheciam, aprovaram a sua atuação e reconheceram a necessidade da continuidade do CADD na IES. Conclusão: O presente estudo revelou que o CADD foi bem recebido pela comunidade acadêmica, o que reforça sua importância.
Internacionalização do Ensino Superior e as Instituições de Ensino Privado no Brasil
Authors: Guazzelli Maria Elisabete , Raymundo Camila Sotello , Varjabedian Deborah , Akerman Marco 
Published: December 2015

A implementação de novas grades curriculares dos cursos de saúde nas universidades privadas é uma tarefa complexa. Ocupando espaço importante na formação profissional do ponto de vista qualitativo, as concepções pedagógicas nestas instituições obedecem à economia do conhecimento, sendo fortemente influenciadas pela internacionalização da educação e pelos desígnios do mercado. Essa lógica, crescente entre as instituições de ensino superior no Brasil, influencia não só os princípios de concepção e deimplementação de modelos curriculares, mas também as estratégias e instrumentais pedagógicos e as relações docente‑discente‑instituição de ensino‑população. Esse artigo pretende discutir alguns dos aspectos históricos e contemporâneos envolvidos na concepção da Universidade no Brasil e alguns dos impactos determinados pela internacionalização da educação superior. Observamos que, no processo de internacionalização da educação superior, a universidade privada brasileira experimenta uma relação assimétrica com os países centrais, ocupando uma posição subalterna, submetendo‑se às decisões das corporações transnacionais.
Flux‐Switching Machines
Authors: Hua Wei , Su Peng , Zhang Gan , Zhao Guishu 
Published: December 2015

Flux‐switching machines are a type of brushless machines with a doubly salient structure, which has excitation sources, for example, permanent magnets (PMs) and/or field‐excited windings, and armature windings on the stator, and no magnets or windings on the rotor. The flux‐switching machines have the advantages of high torque (power) density, large torque output capability, high efficiency, strong irreversible demagnetization withstand capability, good thermal dissipation and liquid cooling conditions, and favorable high‐speed operation. These advantages are particularly important for electric propulsion systems, such as electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles, and electric ships and airplanes.According to the excitation modes, there are three types of flux‐switching machines: permanent magnet flux‐switching (PMFS) machines, hybrid‐excited flux‐switching (HEFS) machines, and wound‐excited flux‐switching (WEFS) machines. This article presents topologies, operation principles, electromagnetic performance, and applications of flux‐switching machines. In addition, different topologies of stator and rotor are also discussed.
On determining the zenith angle dependence of the Martian radiation environment at Gale Crater altitudes
Authors: Wimmer‐Schweingruber Robert F. , Köhler Jan , Hassler Donald M. , Guo Jingnan , Appel Jan‐Kristoffer , Zeitlin Cary , Böhm Eckart , Ehresmann Bent , Lohf Henning , Böttcher Stephan I. , Burmeister Sönke , Martin Cesar , Kharytonov Alexander , Brinza David E. , Posner Arik , Reitz Günther , Matthiä Daniel , Rafkin Scott , Weigle Gerald , Cucinotta Francis 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe report the zenith angle dependence of the radiation environment at Gale Crater on Mars. This is the first determination of this dependence on another planet than Earth and is important for future human exploration of Mars and understanding radiation effects in the Martian regolith. Within the narrow range of tilt angles (0≤θ0≤15°) experienced by Curiosity on Mars, we find a dependence
with
, which is not too different from an isotropic radiation field and quite different from that at sea level on Earth where
.
A reduced complexity framework to bridge the gap between AGCMs and cloud‐resolving models
Authors: Reed Kevin A. , Medeiros Brian 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe role of convective parameterizations at high horizontal resolution and their impacts on clouds, circulation, and precipitation processes represent large uncertainties in atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). As the statistical equilibrium in which radiative cooling is balanced by convective heating, radiative‐convective equilibrium (RCE) offers a simplified framework to investigate such uncertainties. The Community Atmosphere Model 5 is configured in a RCE setup that consists of an ocean‐covered planet with diurnally varying, spatially uniform insolation with no rotation effects. A series of simulations are performed in which the planetary radius is incrementally reduced. Because of the homogeneity of the setup, the effect is to reduce grid spacing, mimicking increased resolution without increasing the number of grid points. The results suggest that the reduced planet approach is able to reproduce the behavior of convection from full high‐resolution simulations. At grid spacing less than 20 km, convective motions are predominantly produced by resolved scales.
Modes of high‐latitude auroral conductance variability derived from DMSP energetic electron precipitation observations: Empirical orthogonal function analysis
Authors: McGranaghan Ryan , Knipp Delores J. , Matsuo Tomoko , Godinez Humberto , Redmon Robert J. , Solomon Stanley C. , Morley Steven K. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe provide the first ever characterization of the primary modes of ionospheric Hall and Pedersen conductance variability as empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs). These are derived from six satellite years of Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) particle data acquired during the rise of solar cycles 22 and 24. The 60 million DMSP spectra were each processed through the Global Airlglow Model. Ours is the first large‐scale analysis of ionospheric conductances completely free of assumption of the incident electron energy spectra. We show that the mean patterns and first four EOFs capture ∼50.1 and 52.9% of the total Pedersen and Hall conductance variabilities, respectively. The mean patterns and first EOFs are consistent with typical diffuse auroral oval structures and quiet time strengthening/weakening of the mean pattern. The second and third EOFs show major disturbance features of magnetosphere‐ionosphere (MI) interactions: geomagnetically induced auroral zone expansion in EOF2 and the auroral substorm current wedge in EOF3. The fourth EOFs suggest diminished conductance associated with ionospheric substorm recovery mode. We identify the most important modes of ionospheric conductance variability. Our results will allow improved modeling of the background error covariance needed for ionospheric assimilative procedures and improved understanding of MI coupling processes.
Three‐dimensional structure and kinetic features of reconnection exhaust jets
Authors: Pritchett P. L. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe structure of exhaust jets produced by a magnetic reconnection source region of width ∼3 RE in the out‐of‐plane direction is investigated with 3‐D particle‐in‐cell simulations. The jet is found to separate into two segments, with the dawnward portion propagating ahead of, and expanding duskward in front of, the duskward one. In such conditions, an orbiting spacecraft would encounter repeated sharp Bz increases. Both segments exhibit east‐west structures on scales of a few ion inertia lengths. The narrow Jy current sheets that produce the sharp Bz increases are associated with electron flows. The ion temperature components Tixx and Tiyy display markedly different behaviors, with the former exhibiting maxima both downstream and, in some locations, upstream of the front, while the latter exhibits maxima along the y extended front. The maximum load factor E·J at the front is several times larger in 3‐D than in 2‐D, is concentrated in numerous sub‐ion‐scale enhancements, and includes a significant ion dissipation contribution.
The anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility of uniaxial superparamagnetic particles: Consequences for its interpretation in magnetite and maghemite bearing rocks
Authors: Lanci Luca , Zanella Elena 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA simple model that provides a quantitative description of the magnetic susceptibility of superparamagnetic to stable single‐domain uniaxial magnetic particles can be built in the framework of the theory of stochastic resonance. This model expands that of Mullins and Tile (1973) for superparamagnetic grains by considering the dependence of superparamagnetic susceptibility on the particle orientation and thus describes the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) of ensembles of superparamagnetic as well as single‐domain particles. The theory predicts that on the contrary of stable single domain, the maximum anisotropy of superparamagnetic particles is parallel to their easy axis and shows that the AMS of ensembles of uniaxial particle is strongly dependent on the distribution of particle grain size, coercivity, measurement temperature, and frequency. It also explains why the inverse AMS pattern expected for stable single‐domain particles is rarely observed in natural samples. We use examples of well‐characterized obsidian specimens to show that, as predicted by the theory, in the presence of significant superparamagnetic contributions, the maximum susceptibility axis of AMS is directed along the preferential direction of particles easy axis.