bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis, Characterization, Molecular Docking, Cytotoxicity, and Antimicrobial Activity of Schiff Base Ligand and Its Metal Complexes
Authors: Tawfiq K. M. , Al Naymi Hanan Adnan Shaker , Obaid Shatha M. H. , Jarad Amer J. , Al‐Noor Taghreed H. , Al‐Sarray Ali J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA Schiff base ligand (L) was synthesized via condensation of N‐(1‐naphthyl)ethylenediamine dihydrochloride with phthalaldehyde. The ligand was characterized by FT‐IR, UV–Vis, 1H NMR, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis (C, H, N). Five metal complexes (Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)) were prepared with the ligand in a 1:1 (M:L) ratio using an aqueous ethanol solution. The complexes were characterized by FT‐IR, UV–Vis, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis (C, H, N). Additionally, 1H NMR spectroscopy was employed for Cd(II) complex. Antimicrobial activity of the ligand and its metal complexes against pathogenic bacteria (K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis) and fungus (C. albicans) were evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. All compounds exhibited inhibitory effects with zone diameters ranging from 8 to 16 mm. The ligand and complexes also displayed significant anticancer activity against a mammary carcinoma cell line. Among them, Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes demonstrated the highest inhibitory effects (70.68% and 70.57%, respectively), followed by the ligand (61.35%) and Co(II), Cd(II), and Ni(II) complexes (60.34%, 58.96%, and 41.63%, respectively). IC50 values followed a similar trend, ranging from 31.69% (Co(II)) to 165.7% (Cd(II)). Molecular docking studies indicated strong binding affinities of the ligand and the Zn(II) complex to the estrogen receptor.
A Cd (II)‐based Metal–Organic Framework as Switch‐Off Fluorescence Sensors for Antibiotic Detection
Authors: Yin Zhi‐Chao , Ray Manaswini , Liu Cai‐Yang , Dakua Trilochan , Parvez Mohammad Khalid , Al‐Dosari Mohammed S. , Mohanty Aurobinda , Jin Jun‐Cheng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDetecting antibiotic residues is crucial for monitoring their excessive use in healthcare and agricultural practices. Herein, a new 3D metal–organic framework (MOF) containing {[Cd (bpyp)(sdba)]·DMF·2H2O}n (1) (bpyp = 2,5‐bis (pyrid‐4‐yl)pyridine and H2sdba = 4,4′‐sulfonyldibenzoic acid) has been designed and synthesized. MOF 1 displays sensitive detection tetracycline (TCY) with a limit of detection below 7.67 × 10−6 M in an aqueous solution. The detection mechanism involves competitive absorption between MOF 1 and antibiotics, supported by UV–vis spectroscopy and fluorescence lifetime measurements. MOF 1 exhibits a visible fluorescence response to TCY under a 254 nm UV lamp. MOF 1 is applied in the quantitative detection of TCY in lake water with the recovery based on the sensing platform was 92.26–107.54% with RSD (%) less than 4.38%, indicating outstanding reliability.
Topological Insulator Nanowires Made by AFM Nanopatterning: Fabrication Process and Ultra Low‐Temperature Transport Properties
Authors: Yakovlev Dmitry S. , Frolov Aleksei V. , Nazhestkin Ivan A. , Temiryazev Alexei G. , Orlov Andrey P. , Shvartzberg Jonathan , Dizhur Sergey E. , Gurtovoi Vladimir L. , Hovhannisyan Razmik , Stolyarov Vasily S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTopological insulator nanostructures became an essential platform for studying novel fundamental effects emerging at the nanoscale. However, conventional nanopatterning techniques, based on electron beam lithography and reactive ion etching of films, have inherent limitations of edge precision, resolution, and modification of surface properties, all of which are critical factors for topological insulator materials. In this study, an alternative approach for the fabrication of ultrathin Bi2Se3 nanoribbons is introduced by utilizing a diamond tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) to cut atomically thin exfoliated films. This study includes an investigation of the magnetotransport properties of ultrathin Bi2Se3 topological insulator nanoribbons with controlled cross‐sections at ultra‐low 14 mK) temperatures. Current‐dependent magnetoresistance oscillations are observed with the weak antilocalization effect, confirming the coherent propagation of 2D electrons around the nanoribbon surface's perimeter and the robustness of topologically protected surface states. In contrast to conventional lithography methods, this approach does not require a highly controlled clean room environment and can be executed under ambient conditions. Importantly, this method facilitates the precise patterning and can be applied to a wide range of 2D materials.
Citrus wastewater as a source of value‐added products: Quali‐quantitative analysis and in vitro screening on breast cancer cell lines
Authors: Raimondi Maria Valeria , Rigogliuso Salvatrice , Saiano Filippo , Poma Paola , Labbozzetta Manuela , Barreca Marilia , Barbera Marcella , Bivacqua Roberta , Li Petri Giovanna , Buscemi Silvestre , Sardo Ignazio , Spanò Virginia , Palumbo Piccionello Antonio , Montalbano Alessandra , Barraja Paola , Notarbartolo Monica 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCitrus wastewater from industries is a source of bioactive compounds whose recovery could be a useful approach to convert processing waste into potential resources to be exploited in food, pharmaceutical, and chemical companies. Citrus wastewater, obtained from the industrial processing of Citrus sinensis, was freeze‐dried and qualitative/quantitative evaluated using HPLC/MS Q‐TOF analysis. Antiproliferative activity was investigated on MDA‐MB‐231 (triple‐negative breast cancer cell line), MCF‐7 (breast cancer cell line), and its multidrug‐resistant variant MCF‐7R. Fraction 8 emerged for its cytotoxicity toward MCF‐7R cells. Its main component, the polymethoxylated flavone nobiletin (80%), is likely involved in increasing the number of G1‐phase MCF‐7R cells without inducing cell death. Notably, fraction 8 sensitizes MCF7‐R cells to the antiproliferative effects of doxorubicin, thus contributing to overcoming MCF7‐R multidrug resistance. Our studies highlighted the possibility of applying a sustainable strategy for citrus wastewater recycling to recover functional compounds as useful adjuvants for the prevention and treatment of malignancies.
Altered Subcortical Brain Volume and Cortical Thickness Related to Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Cao Zidong , Ge Limin , Lu Weiye , Zhao Kui , Chen Yuna , Sun Zhizhong , Qiu Wenbin , Yue Xiaomei , Li Yifan , Qiu Shijun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeThe objective of this study is to examine the alterations in subcortical brain volume and cortical thickness among individuals diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) through the application of morphometry techniques and, additionally, to investigate the potential association between these modifications and insulin resistance (IR).Materials and methodsThe present cross‐sectional study comprised a total of 121 participants (n = 48 with healthy controls [HCs] and n = 73 with T2DM) who were recruited and underwent a battery of cognitive testing and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). FreeSurfer was used to process the MRI data. Analysis of covariance compared discrepancies in cortical thickness and subcortical brain volume between T2DM and HCs, adjusting for the potential confounding effects of gender, age, education, and body mass index (BMI). Exploratory partial correlations investigated links between IR and brain structure in T2DM participants.ResultsCompared with HCs, individuals with T2DM demonstrated a cortical thickness decrease in the right caudal middle frontal gyrus, right pars opercularis, left precentral gyrus, and bilateral superior frontal gyrus. Furthermore, this study for T2DM found that the severity of IR was inversely related to the volume of the left putamen and left hippocampus, as well as the thickness of the left pars orbitalis, left pericalcarine, right entorhinal area, and right rostral anterior cingulate gyrus.ConclusionThe evidence for structural brain changes in T2DM was observed, and alterations in cortical thickness were concentrated in the frontal lobes. Correlations between IR and frontal cortical thinning may serve as a potential neuroimaging marker of T2DM and lead to various diabetes‐related brain complications.
Comparison of Clinical Effects and Physical Examination of Transforaminal and Caudal Steroid Injection With Targeted Catheter in Lumbar Radiculopathy: A Single‐Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Imani Farnad , Mohammad‐Esmaeel Faezeh , Morsalli Seyedeh‐Fatemeh , Ahani‐Azari Ali , Alimian Mahzad , Nikoubakht Nasim , Emami Azadeh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundTransforaminal and caudal epidural injections are two methods of steroid injection in lumbar radiculopathy. Using a targeted catheter with the possibility of accessing the involved spinal roots and steroid administration selectively next to them during the caudal procedure may achieve the benefits of both transforaminal and caudal procedures. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical effects and physical examinations of transforaminal steroid injection compared to caudal through a targeted catheter in lumbar radiculopathy.MethodsFifty patients with lumbar radiculopathy candidates for epidural steroid injection were divided into transforaminal (T) and caudal (C) groups. Steroid injection under fluoroscopic guidance was performed in group T with the transforaminal method and in group C with the caudal method using a targeted catheter for each involved spinal nerve root. Pain intensity visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), daily analgesic consumption, and physical examinations on four follow‐ups (before injection, second week, first and third month) were evaluated.ResultsPain score (VAS) and functional disability index (ODI) were similar in both groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). The positive Lasègue test was significantly higher in the caudal group than in the transforaminal group only in the third month (p < 0.05). Other physical examinations in both groups did not have significant differences in all the follow‐ups. Moreover, there was no difference in the amount of analgesic consumption in the two groups. No complications were observed in both groups.ConclusionThis study showed that transforaminal and caudal steroid injection (with a targeted catheter) in patients with lumbar radiculopathy had similar effects in controlling pain and improving functional disability of patients in the short term. Cases of recurrence of positive Lasègue test in physical examinations in the long term (third month) in the caudal group may indicate the preference of the transforaminal approach.Trial RegistrationIranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) number: IRCT20111102007984N31
Vertebral body density role in determining vertebral osteoporotic fracture type and its progression
Authors: Smorgick Yossi , Pelleg‐Kallevag Ruth , Lindner Dror , Anekstein Yoram , Goldstein Sergey , May Hila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractVertebral osteoporotic fractures (VOF) are among the most frequent fractures in the elderly, often leading to an impaired lifestyle and a high economic burden. Although a reduced bone mass density is considered one of the main risk factors for VOF, its role in determining the fracture type, using the AO spine‐DGOU classification for osteoporotic thoracolumbar fractures, as well as its progression, is unknown. The current study aimed to: (1) reveal whether the bone density of the vertebral bodies of fractured and non‐fractured vertebrae predicts the type of fracture, (2) examine whether bone density is associated with the initial and progressive collapse of the vertebral body, and (3) provide predictive measures for fracture progression. The study sample included 124 patients (40 males and 84 females) with an acute osteoporotic vertebral fracture who underwent a computerized tomography scan at the time of diagnosis and an x‐ray at least 3 months later. The bone density of the fractured and adjacent (non‐fractured) vertebrae was measured at diagnosis. The magnitude of the collapse and the progression of the fracture over time were calculated from height measurements of the vertebral bodies at diagnosis and follow‐up. Age was a significant factor in predicting the fracture type and magnitude of collapse, whereas sex and bone density were not. The severity of the fracture was involved in predicting its progression, demonstrating that severe‐type fractures tended to continue to collapse after diagnosis. However, when each type was examined independently, the density of the fractured vertebra had a protective effect on fracture progression. To conclude, identifying the type of fracture is beneficial in determining patient prognosis. Furthermore, the density of the fractured vertebra, the magnitude of collapse, and patient age are valuable predictors of fracture progression.
Design, Synthesis of Flurbiprofen Based 1,3,4‐Oxadiazoles and Constrained Anticancer, Antioxidant Agents: In silico Docking Analysis
Authors: Bhoomandla Srinu , Chennuri Bharath Kumar , Sirisha Surapaneni , Ganji Saidulu , Trivedi Rashmi , Karunasri Ananthoju , Pandiri Sreedhar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlurbiprofen, a primary component of a nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to relieve symptoms of arthritis, and is a considerable interest in medicinal chemistry due to its demonstrated potential as an effective agent in various therapeutic applications. In consideration of the 1,3,4‐oxadiazole therapeutic potential and anticancer activity, a new series of flurbiprofen scaffolds have been prepared through a straightforward reaction between 5‐(1‐(2‐fluoro‐[1,1′‐biphenyl]‐4‐yl)ethyl)‐1,3,4‐oxadiazole‐2‐thiol (4) and various organic active 2‐chloro‐N‐phenyl acetamides (5). The synthesized series (6a–6k) was characterized using a combination of spectroscopic techniques, including FT‐IR, mass, 1H‐NMR, and 13C NMR, followed by physical data. The cytotoxicity of the newly synthesized congeners was investigated against MCF‐7 (human breast cancer cell line) and A‐549 (human lung carcinoma epithelial) cell lines and anti‐inflammatory activity as DPPH and H2O2 radical scavenging ability. In the series, analogues 6c, 6e, 6h, and 6k showed excellent inhibitory activity against MCF‐7 cells in the range of IC50 values of 9.10–13.67 μg mL−1 compared to DXN (IC50=9.24 μg mL−1). In this series, analogues 6c, 6f, 6h, and 6j show remarkable H2O2 radical scavenging inhibition IC50 of 48.25±0.21, 47.33±0.15, 51.10±0.25, and 44.40±0.07 μM by using ascorbic acid as a standard, whose IC50 is 49.90±0.27 μM. According to the docking results, the most potent cytotoxic compounds have a stronger binding affinity with the Flurbiprofen complex (PDB: 1R9O) because of their interactions with residues such as Arg416(A), Trp103(A), Phe97(A), Gly279(A), Ile188(A), Glu283(A), Thr287(A), Val462(A), Phe459(A), Leu345(A), Ile417(A), and Cys418(A). Furthermore, in silico drug‐likeness prediction analysis suggested that the majority of the synthesized compounds exhibit good oral bioavailability based on their Lipinski's Rule of Five and toxicity using ADME/Tox predictions.
Antiproliferative Effects of Methanolic Fruit Extract of Solanum xenthocarpum (L.) on Human Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Maurya Saumya , Swati Kumari , Suvetha S. , Ghosh Mayukh , Yadav Pavan Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSolanum xanthocarpum, a perennial herb native to India, contains steroidal glycoalkaloids with notable anticancer properties. This study investigated the antioxidant and antiproliferative effects of methanolic fruit extract of S. xanthocarpum on human breast cancer cells (MDA‐MB‐231). Phytochemical screening and LC‐HRMS analysis confirmed presence of various primary and secondary metabolites. Antioxidant activity was assessed through DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging, reducing power, and phosphomolybdate assays. The extract demonstrated significant antioxidant potential with EC50 values of 60.10±0.88 μg/mL (DPPH) and 392.29±3.93 μg/mL (ABTS). Cytotoxicity against MDA‐MB‐231 cells was evaluated via morphological analysis, MTT assays, and IC50 determination (24.19±0.56 μg/L). Apoptosis was confirmed using dual staining techniques (AO/EB, Hoechst 33342/PI, DAPI), revealing condensed nuclei, apoptotic bodies, and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, as indicated by Rhodamine staining. Additionally, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were observed using H2‐DCF‐DA staining. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of the extract were 127.78±3.547 mg GAE/g and 98.06±4.289 mg QE/g, respectively. These findings suggest that the methanolic fruit extract of S. xanthocarpum possesses strong antioxidant and anticancer activities, indicating its potential role in cancer treatment. Further studies are warranted to explore its bioactive compounds for developing novel anticancer therapies.
Physicochemical Properties and Biological Activities of Polysaccharides from Panax Notoginseng Separated by Fractional Precipitation
Authors: Yu Xiaohong , Peng Mengli , Liu Xiaocheng , Shang Yueling , Wang Dujun , Jin Wenbin , Li Fengwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe dried root of Panax notoginseng is a medicinal and food ingredient. P. notoginseng polysaccharides (PNPs) have physicochemical properties, which have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to identify a method to separate the PNP fractions and investigate their activities. PNPs were prepared from roots by hot water extraction, deproteinization, and decolorization. PNP20, PNP40, and PNP60 fractions were isolated through stepwise ethanol precipitation at 20 %, 40 %, and 60 % concentrations, respectively. The three polysaccharide fractions were characterized using chromatography, spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis, and their moisture retention, antioxidant, and tyrosinase‐inhibition properties were evaluated. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that the three PNPs contained mannose (Man), galacturonic acid (GalA), glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and arabinose (Ara) in different molar ratios. HPGPC analysis demonstrated that the polysaccharides precipitated with higher ethanol concentrations had lower molecular weights (Mw). Furthermore, all PNPs had distinct moisturizing and hygroscopic properties and antioxidant activities, with PNP60 showing better antioxidant properties and a competitive mixture of hygroscopic properties and tyrosinase inhibition. The chemical composition and structural characteristics of PNPs could affect their functional attributes. PNP60 has the potential to be a moisturizer and antioxidant and could be used in the development of cosmetic ingredients.
Investigating the Anticancer Potential of Biochanin A in KB Oral Cancer Cells Through the NFκB Pathway
Authors: Nivedha Jayaseelan , Vennila Lakshmanan , Sindhu Ganapathy , Kanimozhi Kaliyamoorthi , Raj Tani Carmel 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignancy primarily affecting squamous cells. Its development is linked to multiple risk factors, such as alcohol and tobacco consumption, human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and Epstein‐Barr Virus (EBV) infection. Biochanin A (BCA), a phytoestrogen extracted from red clover, has been extensively researched for its therapeutic properties. It spans antioxidant activity, anti‐inflammatory effects, neuroprotection, cardioprotection, and anticancer potential in different bodily systems. However, its impact on oral cancer remains unexplored. Therefore, this investigation aims to assess the potential anticancer effects of BCA, specifically on KB oral cancer cells. This study utilized KB cells to evaluate the impact of BCA on various cellular parameters, including cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS production, mitochondrial membrane potential, and cell migration. BCA treatment induced several notable effects on KB cells, including reduced cell viability, altered morphology suggestive of apoptosis, heightened oxidative stress, and alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, BCA treatment demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell migration. The study further investigated the impact of BCA on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation, revealing decreased antioxidant enzyme activities and increased lipid peroxidation across different BCA concentrations (IC50 and IC90). Immunocytochemistry and qRT‐PCR analyses unveiled that BCA treatment at varying doses (IC50 and IC90) downregulated the expression of nuclear factor‐κB (NF‐κB) subunits p50 and p65, pivotal players in cancer progression. In summary, this study sheds light on the promising potential of BCA as an anticancer therapeutic agent for treating oral cancer. Its demonstrated ability to induce apoptosis, perturb cellular functions, and modulate gene expression within cancer cells underscores its significance. Nonetheless, further research, particularly following animal studies, is imperative to comprehensively grasp the breadth of BCA's effects and its viability for clinical applications.
Chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention of anomalous coronary arteries: insights from the PROGRESS CTO registry
Authors: Hirata Gustavo M. , Rempakos Athanasios , Walker Boyd A. , Alexandrou Michaella , Mutlu Deniz , Choi James W. , Poommipanit Paul , Khatri Jaikirshan J. , Young Laura , Davies Rhian , Gorgulu Sevket , Jaffer Farouc A. , Chandwaney Raj , Jefferson Brian , Elbarouni Basem , Azzalini Lorenzo , Kearney Kathleen E. , Alaswad Khaldoon , Basir Mir B. , Krestyaninov Oleg , Khelimskii Dmitrii , Aygul Nazif , Abi‐Rafeh Nidal , ElGuindy Ahmed , Goktekin Omer , Rangan Bavana V. , Mastrodemos Olga C. , Al‐Ogaili Ahmed , Sandoval Yader , Burke M. Nicholas , Brilakis Emmanouil S. , Frizzell Jarrod D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited information about the frequency and outcomes of chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in anomalous coronary arteries (ACA).MethodsWe examined the clinical and angiographic characteristics and procedural outcomes of CTO PCI in ACA among 14,173 patients who underwent 14,470 CTO PCIs at 46 US and non‐US centers between 2012 and 2023.ResultsOf 14,470 CTO PCIs, 36 (0.24%) were CTO PCIs in an ACA. ACA patients had similar baseline characteristics as those without an ACA. The type of ACA in which the CTO lesion was found were as follows: anomalous origin of the right coronary artery (ARCA) (17, 48.5%), anomalous origin of left circumflex coronary artery (9, 25.7%), left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery with separate origins (4, 11.4%), anomalous origin of the left anterior descending artery (2, 5.7%), dual left anterior descending artery (2, 5.7%) and woven coronary artery 1 (2.8%). The Japan CTO score was similar between both groups (2.17 ± 1.32 vs 2.38 ± 1.26, p = 0.30). The target CTO in ACA patients was more likely to have moderate/severe tortuosity (44% vs 28%, p = 0.035), required more often use of retrograde approach (27% vs 12%, p = 0.028), and was associated with longer procedure (142.5 min vs 112.00 min [74.0, 164.0], p = 0.028) and fluoroscopy (56 min [40, 79 ml] vs 42 min [25, 67], p = 0.014) time and higher contrast volume (260 ml [190, 450] vs 200 ml [150, 300], p = 0.004) but had similar procedural (91.4% vs 85.6%, p = 0.46) and technical (91.4% vs 87.0%, p = 0.59) success. No major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were seen in ACA patients (0% [0] vs 1.9% [281] in non‐ACA patients, p = 1.00). Two coronary perforations were reported in ACA CTO PCI (p = 0.7 vs. non‐ACA CTO PCI).ConclusionsCTO PCI of ACA comprise 0.24% of all CTO PCIs performed in the PROGRESS CTO registry and was associated with higher procedural complexity but similar technical and procedural success rates and similar MACE compared with non‐ACA CTO PCI.