bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The anticancer potential of tetrahydrocurcumin-phytosomes against oral carcinoma progression
Authors: Raouf Nehal , Darwish Zeinab Elsayed , Ramadan Omneya , Barakat Hebatallah S. , Elbanna Shimaa A. , Essawy Marwa M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Herbal medicine combined with nanotechnology offers an alternative to the increasing burden of surgery and/or chemotherapy, the main therapeutics of oral carcinoma. Phytosomes are nano-vesicular systems formed by the interaction between phospholipids and phyto-active components via hydrogen bonding, exhibiting superior efficacy over pure phytocomponents in drug delivery.

Methods
Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC)-phytosomes were prepared by thin film hydration method. After characterization, in vitro cytotoxicity, antiproliferative capacity, antioxidant potential and full apoptotic workup were paneled on oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC4) in comparison with native THC-solution and cisplatin (3.58 µg/mL intravenous injection), as positive controls. In addition, we tested the three medications on normal oral keratinocytes and gingival fibroblasts to attest to their tissue-selectivity.

Results
Successful preparation of THC-phytosomes using 1:1 molar ratio of THC to phospholipid exhibited significantly increased aqueous solubility, good colloidal properties, and complete drug release after one hour. On SCC4 cells, THC-phytosomes, at their dose-/time-dependency at ~ 60.06 µg/mL escalated cell percentages in the S-phase with 32.5 ± 6.22% increase, as well as a startling 29.69 ± 2.3% increase in apoptotic population. Depletion of the cell colonies survival to 0.29 ± 0.1% together with restraining the migratory rate by -6.4 ± 6.8% validated THC-phytosomes’ antiproliferative capacity. Comparatively, the corresponding results of THC-solution and cisplatin revealed 12.9 ± 0.9% and 25.8 ± 1.1% for apoptosis and 0.9 ± 0.1% and 0.7 ± 0.08% for colony survival fraction, respectively. Furthermore, the nanoformulation exhibited the strongest immuno-positivity to caspase-3, which positively correlated with intense mitochondrial fluorescence by Mitotracker Red, suggesting its implication in the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, a finding further explained by the enormously high Bax and caspase-8 expression by RT-qPCR. Finally, the THC groups showed the lowest oxidative stress index, marking their highest free radical-scavenging potential among the test groups.

Conclusions
THC-phytosomes are depicted to be an efficient nanoformulation that enhanced the anticancer efficacy over the free drug counterpart and the conventional chemotherapeutic. Additionally, being selective to cancer cells and less cytotoxic to normal cells makes THC-phytosomes a potential candidate for tissue-targeted therapy.
The severity of perceived stress associated with community violence exposure and its role in future posttraumatic stress: findings from a longitudinal study of U.S. adolescents
Authors: Isaksson Johan , Nyman Sara , Schwab-Stone Mary , Stickley Andrew , Ruchkin Vladislav 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Community violence exposure (CVE) in adolescence is associated with poorer mental health although the situational factors that may impact on this relationship remain relatively unexplored. The present study aimed to investigate if the degree of perceived stress during CVE has an effect on future posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in youth, and if this association differs between females and males.

Methods
Data were analyzed from 760 U.S. adolescents (mean age = 14.00 years), who participated in two surveys, one year apart. Information about CVE (witnessing violence and violence victimization) and the stress severity associated with it was collected in the first survey, whereas data on PTSD symptoms were obtained in the second survey. Generalized Linear Models were used to examine the associations that were also adjusted for ethnicity, age and socioeconomic status.

Results
The results showed a longitudinal association between CVE-related stress and future PTSD symptoms, with students who had higher levels of perceived stress during CVE (witnessing or victimization) reporting higher PTSD symptom levels subsequently. There was no interaction between sex and CVE-related stress and PTSD symptoms, although females reported more PTSD symptoms.

Conclusions
The severity of the perceived stress associated with CVE should be regarded as a potentially important prognostic factor for identifying those who might develop PTSD symptoms after CVE and this may facilitate early intervention and treatment for those exposed to community violence.
Estimation of within-gap regeneration height growth in managed temperate deciduous forests using bi-temporal airborne laser scanning data
Authors: Leclère Louise , Latte Nicolas , Candaele Romain , Ligot Gauthier , Lejeune Philippe 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Key message
Multi-temporal airborne laser scanning (ALS) data were used to estimate regeneration stem height growth within gaps in uneven-aged deciduous forests. The height and height growth measured in the field were used to calibrate and validate ALS estimates. This method provided highly precise estimates of height and unbiased height increment estimates of regeneration at stem level.

Context
Assessing regeneration height growth is essential for evaluating forest dynamics and optimizing silvicultural operations. However, regeneration description at high spatiotemporal resolution has remained limited to restricted areas by the limiting cost constraints of field measurements. Highly precise airborne laser scanning (ALS) data are currently acquired over wide areas. Such datasets are promising for characterizing regeneration dynamics.

Aims
We aimed to estimate height and height growth within regenerating areas at the stem level using multi-temporal ALS data.

Methods
ALS data were acquired from 56,150 ha of uneven-aged deciduous forest in Belgium in 2014 and 2021. Stem tops were detected using local maxima (LM) within regenerating areas in both ALS datasets and matched. Field data were collected in 2021 and used to calibrate the ALS-estimated heights using linear and non-linear models at stem level. Height growth estimation was then validated using field-measured increments.

Results
Without height calibration, the 2021 ALS-estimated height had a − 1.06 m bias and 1.39 m root-mean-squared error (RMSE). Likewise, the 2014 ALS-estimated height had a − 0.58 m bias and 1.14 m RMSE. The non-linear calibration seemed more appropriate for small regeneration stems (height < 4 m). Using height calibration, the 2021 ALS-estimated height had a − 0.01 m bias and 0.84 m RMSE. In 2014, the bias and RMSE were 0.02 and 0.91 m, respectively. ALS-estimated height growth was unbiased and had an RMSE of 0.10 m·year−1.

Conclusions
This original method is based on the bi-temporal ALS datasets calibrated by limited field measurements. The proposed method is the first to provide unbiased regeneration height growth of regeneration stems in uneven-aged forests and new perspectives for studying and managing forest regeneration.
Molecular genotyping reveals multiple carbapenemase genes and unique blaOXA-51-like (oxaAb) alleles among clinically isolated Acinetobacter baumannii from a Philippine tertiary hospital
Authors: Carascal Mark B. , Destura Raul V. , Rivera Windell L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Acinetobacter baumannii continued to be an important Gram-negative pathogen of concern in the clinical context. The resistance of this pathogen to carbapenems due to the production of carbapenemases is considered a global threat. Despite the efforts to track carbapenemase synthesis among A. baumannii in the Philippines, local data on its molecular features are very scarce. This study aims to characterize A. baumannii clinical isolates from a Philippine tertiary hospital through genotyping of the pathogen’s carbapenemase genes.

Methods
Antibiotic susceptibility profiling, phenotypic testing of carbapenemase production, and polymerase chain reaction assays to detect the different classes of carbapenemase genes (class A blaKPC, class B blaNDM, blaIMP, blaVIM, and class D blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24/40-like, blaOXA-48-like, blaOXA-51-like, ISAba1-blaOXA-51-like, blaOXA-58-like) were performed in all collected A. baumannii, both carbapenem resistant and susceptible (n = 52).

Results
Results showed that the majority of the carbapenem-resistant strains phenotypically produced carbapenemases (up to 84% in carbapenem inactivation methods) and possessed the ISAba1-blaOXA-51-like gene complex (80%). Meanwhile, both carbapenem-resistant and carbapenem-susceptible isolates possessed multi-class carbapenemase genes including blaNDM (1.9%), blaVIM (3.9%), blaOXA-24/40-like (5.8%), blaOXA-58-like (5.8%), blaKPC (11.5%), and blaOXA-23-like (94.2%), which coexist with each other in some strains (17.3%). In terms of the intrinsic blaOXA-51-like (oxaAb) genes, 23 unique alleles were reported (blaOXA-1058 to blaOXA-1080), the majority of which are closely related to blaOXA-66. Isolates possessing these alleles showed varying carbapenem resistance profiles.

Conclusions
In summary, this study highlighted the importance of molecular genotyping in the characterization of A. baumannii by revealing the carbapenemase profiles of the pathogen (which may not be captured accurately in phenotypic tests), in identifying potent carriers of transferrable carbapenemase genes (which may not be expressed straightforwardly in antimicrobial susceptibility testing), and in monitoring unique pathogen epidemiology in the local clinical setting.
An unusual presentation of unilateral vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia accompanied by unilateral accessory nerve palsy
Authors: Mejía Juan Armando , Rairan Luis Garcia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Vago-glossopharyngeal neuralgia (VGN) is a rare condition characterized by neuropathic pain in the areas innervated by the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerve. Diagnosis can be challenging due to its rarity and the need to differentiate it from other sources of pain. Neurovascular conflicts involving the glossopharyngeal nerve and surrounding vasculature are often implicated in the development of VGN. Surgical interventions, such as microvascular decompression, have shown promise in relieving symptoms, but long-term outcomes remain poorly understood. This case report presents a unique manifestation of VGN accompanied by unilateral accessory nerve palsy and syncope, shedding light on the complexities involved in diagnosis and management.

Case presentation
The presented case involves a 42-year-old patient without comorbidities with a 1-year history of syncope, dysphonia, cough, oropharyngeal pain, dysphagia, right periaricular pain, and weakness of the right sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscle. After an initial evaluation, compression of the right cranial nerves IX, X, and XI by the posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) was identified as the cause. The patient underwent microvascular decompression, which provided 3 years of symptom relief. However, symptoms recurred with additional manifestations, including left periauricular pain and increased syncopal episodes of cardiogenic origin. A follow-up brain MRI revealed compression of the left cranial nerves IX and X. A second surgical intervention targeting the left side resulted in partial improvement but symptom reappearance after 1 year. Finally, a third surgery involving the left side was performed, and along with isolating the affected cranial nerves, two superior rootlets of the vagus nerve were rhizotomized. Postoperative recovery was successful, with complete resolution of symptoms and no recurring issues during follow-up examinations.

Conclusion
This case underscores the complexity of diagnosing and managing neurovascular conflicts associated with VGN pain syndrome. While initial microvascular decompression provided relief, the recurrence of symptoms and emergence of new manifestations highlight the challenges in managing this condition. Precise identification of nerve compression and targeted surgical interventions, such as sectioning the superior roots of the vagus nerve, offer potential efficacy in refractory cases. Further studies and long-term follow-up are necessary to gain comprehensive insights into the progression and outcomes of these interventions.
Nutritional modifications to ameliorate stress hyperglycemia in critically ill patients: a systematic review
Authors: Rahimpour Fatemeh , Nejati Malihe , Farsaei Shadi , Moghaddas Azadeh , Feizi Awat 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Appropriate nutritional support in critical care may favorably influence outcomes by attenuating the detrimental effects of hyperglycemia associated with the critical illness. This systematic review aims to present and evaluate different nutritional interventions to balance risks and rewards for critically ill patients.

Methods
In this systematic review, we searched online databases for several variations of terms related to critically ill patients with stress-hyperglycemia (participants), nutrition modalities (intervention), glycemic control (outcomes), and randomized controlled trials (study design) between the inception of the databases and October 2023.

Results
The literature search and manual searching provided 2589 articles. After removing the duplicates and excluding studies based on their abstracts or full-text assessment, 37 studies were identified as eligible for inclusion. The heterogeneous nature of these investigations precluded us from pooling data and performing meta-analysis to draw robust conclusions based on statistical analyses. The literature review in this area reveals two general perspectives for achieving this goal: optimizing various aspects of providing macronutrient support and nutritional supplementation.

Conclusions
The optimal approach to feeding critically ill patients remains unresolved despite numerous randomized controlled trials. Individual patient characteristics significantly influence optimal nutritional management. However, some general recommendations convey benefits for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Early and continuous enteral nutrition is the usual method of providing nutritional support in practice. Hypocaloric feeding and reducing carbohydrate intake are effective methods for managing SIH; however, they should be tailored to each patient’s clinical characteristics. Supplementation with certain nutrients shows promise in specific groups, but more research is needed. Overall, personalized approaches based on ongoing research are the best we have now. Future studies will hopefully refine treatments and improve outcomes for these patients.
Personality disorders in later life: an update
Authors: Bangash Ayesha 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARY
Personality disorders can worsen with age or emerge after a relatively dormant phase in earlier life when roles and relationships ensured that maladaptive personality traits were contained. They can also be first diagnosed in late life, if personality traits become maladaptive as the person reacts to losses, transitions and stresses of old age. Despite studies focusing on late-life personality disorders in recent years, the amount of research on their identification and treatment remains deficient. This article endeavours to provide an understanding of how personality disorders present in old age and how they can be best managed. It is also hoped that this article will stimulate further research into this relatively new field in old age psychiatry. An awareness of late-life personality disorders is desperately needed in view of the risky and challenging behaviours they can give rise to. With rapidly growing numbers of older adults in the population, the absolute number of people with a personality disorder in older adulthood is expected to rise.
Clinical Efficacy of Zoledronic Acid on Fracture Reduction in Youth With Primary and Secondary Skeletal Fragility
Authors: Stoffers Ashley J , Mancilla Edna E , Levine Michael A , Mayer Michael , Monk Heather M , Rosano Joseph , Weber David R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Prior studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of zoledronic acid (ZA) to increase bone mineral density (BMD) in children. By contrast, the efficacy of ZA on fractures in the pediatric population remains uncertain.

Objective
To investigate the effect of ZA on fracture rate in a clinical cohort of children and young adults with skeletal fragility.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study, conducted at an academic medical center, included 102 individuals (65 male; 39 with primary and 63 with secondary skeletal fragility), aged 0 to 21 years, treated with ZA for skeletal fragility between 2010 and 2017. ZA was prescribed at discretion of the treating clinician using a standardized protocol. The primary outcome was change in annualized fracture rate. Secondary outcomes included long bone and spine fracture rates. Areal BMD was analyzed in a subset of individuals with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans.

Results
The overall median fracture rate decreased from 0.6 (IQR 0.3-1.1) to 0 (IQR 0-0.4) fractures per year, P &lt; .001, over a median treatment duration of 1.8 (IQR 0.6-3.0) years. Significant reductions in fracture rate were observed in both primary (1.0 [IQR 0.6-1.5] to 0.3 [IQR 0-0.6]) and secondary (0.5 [IQR 0.1-0.8] to 0 [IQR 0-0.3]) forms of skeletal fragility, P &lt; .001 for both. Significant reductions in fracture rate persisted when limited to long bone or long bone plus spine fractures.

Conclusion
ZA treatment as a component of clinical care was associated with significant declines in fracture rate in this cohort of children and young adults with skeletal fragility.
Pandemic Stasis and Nonlinear Memory in Palestinian Short Films
Authors: Gandolfo Luisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
When the COVID-19 lockdown was introduced in Palestine-Israel in 2020, it changed how the everyday was negotiated, with stricter control on movement, access, and contact with family members. As the pandemic progressed, the lockdown restrictions layered over an existing framework of structural violence that determines individual movement, remembrance, access to health care, and living conditions. In the two short films analysed in this article, Lifting the Mask (سقط القناع) by Najwa Najjar (Palestine, 2020) and MAY: Locked Down with “Eva” in Nakba Anniversary (أيّار) by Maha Haj (Palestine, 2020), the lockdown stimulated a collision between the past and the present with ongoing, and at times increased, restrictions on movement and memory work in the West Bank. In each piece, the unhomely is presented uniquely, but the subject matter — memory, the occupation, and the pandemic — remains constant. As the viewer is transported (and yet also confined) to the home in both films, this article is concerned with the ways that the unhomely enhances the connection between the personal and the political in Occupied Palestine. Key to this is time and memory, and this article considers the question: How does memory become nonlinear as it simultaneously envelops the ongoing Nakba, which began in 1948, and the impact of the pandemic and its accompanying lockdown? The article concludes that the pandemic is but one strand in a narrative that weaves memory, movement and nonmovement, and the broader political circumstances into a tapestry of inequalities that pre- and postdates COVID-19.
Gene regulatory dynamics during the development of a paleopteran insect, the mayfly Cloeon dipterum
Authors: Pallarès-Albanell Joan , Ortega-Flores Laia , Senar-Serra Tòt , Ruiz Antoni , Abril Josep F. , Rossello Maria , Almudi Isabel 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The evolution of insects has been marked by the appearance of key body plan innovations that promoted the outstanding ability of this lineage to adapt to new habitats, boosting the most successful radiation in animals. To understand the evolution of these new structures, it is essential to investigate which genes and gene regulatory networks participate during the embryonic development of insects. Great efforts have been made to fully understand gene expression and gene regulation during the development of holometabolous insects, in particular Drosophila melanogaster. Conversely, functional genomics resources and databases in other insect lineages are scarce. To provide a new platform to study gene regulation in insects, we generated ATAC-seq for the first time during the development of the mayfly Cloeon dipterum, which belongs to Paleoptera, the sister group to all other winged insects. With these comprehensive datasets along six developmental stages, we characterized pronounced changes in accessible chromatin between early and late embryogenesis. The application of ATAC-seq in mayflies provides a fundamental resource to understand the evolution of gene regulation in insects.
Temperature dependence of regional heterothermy in a diminutive ectotherm
Authors: Cox Christian L. , Chung Albert K. , Bindrim Aaron , Davidson Georgia G. , Dean Sarah M. , Haines Katherine C. , Heise Alexander , Mauer Elana , Pfennig Katrina S. , Sorrell Ethan E. , Tepper David , van den Oord Charlie L. J. , Logan Michael L. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Regional heterothermy describes when body regions differ in temperature, which can have important ramifications for performance because most biological processes are temperature dependent. However, the relationship between regional heterothermy and environmental temperature is not well known, particularly for ectotherms. The relationship between environmental heterogeneity and regional heterothermy might also yield insight into how the latter is regulated. We examined the thermal dependence of regional heterothermy (between the head and the cloaca) in live ring-necked snakes (Diadophis punctatus) in both the lab and the field, as well as in one dead and preserved individual. We found that the magnitude of the head–cloaca difference declined with average environmental temperature, that the relationship between head temperature and ambient temperature differed from that of cloaca temperature and ambient temperature, and that the preserved snake specimen did not display a consistent head–cloaca temperature difference. Our results suggest that (1) cloacal and head temperatures are regulated differently, (2) the head–cloaca temperature difference is not merely due to differences in the material properties of the head and cloaca, and (3) this difference may arise from altered circulation and perhaps even endogenous heat-generating mechanisms. Our results also suggest that the thermal dependence of regional heterothermy likely has ramifications for organismal function.
Quem trabalha, come
Authors: Helena Ramos Karina 
Published: September 2024

Com a internacionalização da economia a partir dos anos 1950, década em que se conformava um padrão alimentar global, os africanos passaram a ser integrados no mercado de trabalho assalariado urbano. Por conseguinte, eram vistos como agentes econômicos sujeitos a novos hábitos de consumo e inseridos nas estratégias de enquadramento social, estas, ajustáveis a uma classificação colonial que se espelhava espacialmente, demarcando as linhas de uma territorialidade. Ao defendermos o consumo alimentar como expressão dinâmica de um vivido territorial, o presente artigo tem como objetivo destacar a estratégia de resistência aos cerceamentos coloniais a partir da ocorrência de cozinhas ao ar livre montadas pela população africana no espaço urbano da cidade de Luanda durante os anos 1960 e 1970. Para tal, alicerçados em um referencial teórico-metodológico que se inscreve na geografia, antropologia e história social, cotejamos informações apresentadas em diferentes tipologias de fontes, incluindo- se periódicos, documentos médico-nutricionais e investigações socioantropológicas elaborados pelas autoridades coloniais. Ao apostarmos na metodologia da História Oral nos baseamos, também, em entrevistas realizadas com angolanos que experimentaram a vivência na Luanda daquele tempo.