bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of occupational heat stress on labour productivity – a case study from Chennai, India
Authors: Chinnadurai Jeremiah , Venugopal Vidhya , P Kumaravel , R Paramesh 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– Raise in temperatures due to climate change is likely to increase the heat stress in occupations that are physically exerting and performed outdoors which might potentially have adverse health and productivity consequences. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the productivities in construction work under the influence of heat stress using the predicted mean vote (PMV) index.

Design/methodology/approach
– Field studies were conducted during May 2014 which is summer time in Chennai. Continuous heart rate of workers and wet bulb globe temperature measurements are conducted for workers engaged in different jobs in construction. Metabolic rates and the workload of the workers from heart rate were calculated using the ISO method 8996 and the PMV values are calculated using the tool developed by Malchaire based on the method ISO 7730. Direct observations and personal interviews were conducted to substantiate the productivity estimations.

Findings
– The results showed that workers working outdoors with moderate and heavy workload exceeded the threshold limit value of 28°C and had adverse productivity impacts (18-35 per cent productivity loss), whereas the workers engaged in light indoor work was not affected by heat stress and consequent productivity losses. The productivity estimations using the PMV index is found to be statistically significant for three types of construction works (Pearson correlation coefficient value of −0.78) and also correlated well with the observations and self-reported productivities of the workers.

Originality/value
– The method used in this paper provides a scientific and reliable estimation of the productivities which may benefit the industry to set realistic project completion goals in hot weather and also implement interventions and policies to protect workers’ health. Developing adaptive strategies and implementing control measures are the need of the hour to protect worker’s health and economic losses in the face of climate change.
Performance measurement approach for innovation capability in SMEs
Authors: Saunila Minna 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a framework for improving innovation capability through performance measurement in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The development of an organisation’s innovation capability is considered increasingly important in the current literature. Developing such capability is essential, as innovation plays a key role in the survival and growth of organisations. A review of current literature highlights the need for a framework on the development of innovation capability, especially in SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach
– A literature review was used to form an understanding of previous work in the research area. Previous literature was used to define the key concepts and further to build the conceptual framework.

Findings
– As a result of the study, a framework for improving innovation capability through performance measurement in SMEs is presented. Key issues that must be addressed are highlighted and discussed.

Practical/implications
– The paper contains suggestions for improving innovation capability through performance measurement. Using the results of this study, practitioners can enhance their innovation capability by measurement and by taking better account of different situations regarding the development of innovation capability. The framework clarifies the issue of how innovation capability and its determinants can be managed through measurement, and therefore it assists especially SMEs in their attempts to cope with the increasing need for innovation as an asset of their business performance.

Originality/value
– There are very few examples in the current literature of frameworks for the issue, especially for SMEs. The role of performance measurement in developing innovation capability is also ignored in the current literature. The paper is relevant for academics, as it clarifies the existing body of knowledge and provides a platform for future research.
Appreciating formal and informal knowledge transfer practices within creative festival organizations
Authors: Stadler Raphaela , Fullagar Simone 
Published: February 2016

Purpose
– Problem-solving approaches to research have dominated the not-for-profit festival management field. Little attention has been paid to how festival organizations successfully create cultures where knowledge transfer is practised within the high intensity of a festival life cycle. Drawing upon insights from social practice theory and appreciative inquiry (AI), the purpose of this paper is to offer a different conceptual approach to understanding how knowledge transfer “works” as an organizational practice to produce a collaborative festival culture.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper draws upon an ethnographic case study with the highly acclaimed Queensland Music Festival organization in Australia. The research questions and methods were framed around an appreciative approach that identified formal and informal practices that
"
worked
"
rather than a conventional problem-focused analysis.

Findings
– This research focused on appreciating the cultural context that shaped the interrelationships between formal and informal knowledge transfer practices that enabled trust and collaboration. A range of knowledge transfer practices was identified that contributed to the creation of a shared festival ethos and the on-going sustainability of the festival vision.

Practical implications
– The not-for-profit sector brings numerous challenges for festival organizations, and there is a need to appreciate how collaborative and creative knowledge transfer can occur formally and informally. Festival organizers can benefit from understanding the relational and practice dimensions of knowledge management as they are performed within specific organizational contexts.

Originality/value
– An appreciative understanding of knowledge transfer practices has not yet been applied to not-for-profit festival organizations, where problem-solving approaches dominate the field.
Inclusive perspectives or in-depth learning? A longitudinal case study of past debates and future directions in knowledge management for development
Authors: Ferguson Julie 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– This paper aims to analyze how the debate around knowledge management for development has evolved over a 14-year period.Design/methodology/approach– The study was conducted in an inductive manner, seeking to identify key themes discussed on an online community on knowledge management for development. Analysis comprised observation of the online debate, as well as semantic (co-word) network analysis of a " big data " set, consisting of 14 years of email exchange. The results were verified with the members of the community in a focus group manner.Findings– In terms of content, the knowledge management for development debate remains strongly engaged with actual development discourse, and it continues to be rather oriented toward tools and methods. In terms of learning, the community appears highly inclusive, and provides fertile ground for in-depth knowledge sharing, but shows less potential for innovative influences.Research limitations/implications– The study contributes to literature on knowledge management in the non-profit sector by showing how heterogeneous communities in the development domain generate knowledge and shape discourse. More specifically, the paper contributes to knowledge management for development literature by providing a comprehensive overview of how the domain has evolved since its emergence. It also advances knowledge management by showing how inclusive networks can contribute to but also limit learning.Practical/implications– The study is of use to knowledge management professionals by showing not only the benefits but also the limitations of inclusive knowledge-sharing networks.Social/implications– The study provides important societal implications by showing which topics are most important to development practitioners, covering the period encompassed by the Millennium Goals.Originality/value– The paper is the first to provide a comprehensive historical overview of the key topics on knowledge management for development, as engaged by the primary online community on this topic. It also introduces innovative methods for inductive analysis of big data.
The antecedents and consequences of humour for service
Authors: Mathies Christine , Chiew Tung Moi , Kleinaltenkamp Michael 
Published: February 2016

Purpose– While researchers in other disciplines seek to determine the impact that humour has in personal interactions, studies of humour in service delivery are lacking. The purpose of this paper is to examine whether it is beneficial to deliberately use humour in service encounters.Design/methodology/approach– This paper provides a comprehensive review of humour research in multiple disciplines to assess the applicability of their key findings to the service domain. By establishing the antecedents, types, and consequences of humour, the authors build a framework and propositions to help service researchers uncover the potential of injecting humour into service interactions.Findings– The authors find that using humour in service encounters is an ingenious affiliative behaviour which strengthens rapport between service employees and their customers. Humour also permits frontline service employees to better cope with the emotional challenges of their work, thus promising to reduce emotional labour and increase well-being. The effectiveness of service recovery efforts may also grow if employees use humour successfully to soften unpleasant emotional reactions and accept responsibility.Originality/value– The authors explore cross-disciplinary humour research to apply the findings to the use of humour in service encounters. The authors also attempt to identify situations in which humour usage is most promising or beneficial, as well as its main beneficiaries.
Time to manage: patient strategies for coping with an absence of care coordination and continuity
Authors: Jowsey Tanisha , Dennis Simone , Yen Laurann , Mofizul Islam M. , Parkinson Anne , Dawda Paresh 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThis paper examines how people with chronic illnesses respond to absences of continuity and coordination of care. Little work has been done on how the ill person might mitigate flaws in a less than optimal system. Our qualitative research, carried out among 91 participants in Australia, reveals that people with chronic illnesses create strategies to facilitate the management of their care. These strategies included efforts to improve communication between themselves and their health care practitioners; keeping personal up‐to‐date medication lists; and generating their own specific management plans. While we do not submit that it is patients’ responsibility to attend to gaps in the health system, our data suggests that chronically ill people can, in and through such strategies, exert a measure of agency over their own care; making it effectively more continuous and coordinated. Participants crafted strategies according to the particular social and bodily rhythms that their ongoing illnesses had lent to their lives. Our analysis advances the view that the ill body itself is capable of enfolding the health system into the rhythms of illness – rather than the ill body always fitting into the overarching structural tempo. This entails an agent‐centric view of time in illness experience. A Virtual Abstract of this paper can be found at: https://youtu.be/UwbxlEJOTx8
Physicochemical Properties of Microencapsulated ω‐3 Salmon Oil with Egg White Powder
Authors: Mis Solval Kevin , Bankston J. David , Bechtel Peter J. , Sathivel Subramaniam 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to produce microencapsulated omega(ω)‐3 fatty acids (PUFAs) fortified egg white (EW) powders and to characterize their nutritional and physical properties. Stable emulsions (E‐SO‐EW) containing 3.43 (g/100 g) salmon oil (SO), 56.21 (g/100 g) EW, and 40.36 (g/100 g) water and a control (E‐EW) containing EW and water were prepared. E‐SO‐EW and E‐EW were separately spray dried at 130, 140, and 150 °C inlet air temperatures. This resulted in 3 microencapsulated SO fortified EW powders (SO‐EW), and 3 dried EW powders (DEW). The powders were analyzed for microencapsulation efficiency (ME), color, fatty acids methyl esters, protein, fat, moisture, ash, amino acids, minerals, microstructure, and particle size. The EPA and DHA content of SO and the ME of the powders were not affected by the inlet air temperature. The crude protein content of SO‐EW powders was approximately 24 (g/100 g) lower than dried EW powders. Leucine was the most abundant essential amino acid found in all the powders. Most of the powders’ median particle size ranged from 15 to 30 μm. The study demonstrated that microencapsulated ω‐3 salmon oil with high quality EW protein can be produced by spray drying.
Relationship between motivational style and glycemic control in Jordanian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Al‐Hassan Mousa A. , Al‐Akour Nemeh A. , Aburas Motaz Mohammad 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundAlthough, there is increased recognition of the importance of blood glucose control and diabetes education in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the relationship between motivation and long term outcomes, glycemic control, are lacking. The primary aims of the present study were to: (i) describe the motivational style of Jordanian patients with T2DM regarding self‐care management, taking medications, and self‐monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), as well as following therapeutic dietary instructions and exercising regularly; and b) examine the significance of these factors in predicting glycemic control.MethodsA package including a treatment self‐regulation questionnaire concerning diabetes, was administered to a convenience sample of 110 patients with T2DM. In addition, the most recent HbA1c results were extracted from the patients' medical records.ResultsFifty‐eight patients (52.7 %) reported being intrinsically motivated with regard to taking medication and regular SMBG, whereas half the participants (50 %) were intrinsically motivated to follow therapeutic dietary instructions and regular exercise. Patients who were intrinsically motivated were 8.3‐fold more likely (95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.44–47.86) to have glycemic control than those reporting extrinsic motivation. In addition, those who were intrinsically motivated to follow therapeutic dietary instructions and exercise regularly were 10.50‐fold more likely (95 % CI 2.50–48.78) times more likely to report glycemic control than those reporting extrinsic motivation.ConclusionInterventional strategies should focus on promoting intrinsic motivation in order to enhance glycemic control.
Avoiding the first cesarean section–results of structured organizational and cultural changes
Authors: Blomberg Marie 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionIn 2006 the overall rates of instrumental deliveries (10%) and cesarean sections (CS) (20%) were high in our unit. We decided to improve quality of care by offering more women a safe and attractive normal vaginal delivery. The target group was primarily nulliparous women at term with spontaneous onset of labor and cephalic presentation.Material and methodsImplementation of a “nine‐item list” of structured organizational and cultural change in Linköping 2006–15. The nine items include monitoring of obstetric results, recruitment of a midwife coordinator, risk classification of women, introduction of three different midwife competence levels, improved teamwork, obstetrical morning round, fetal monitoring skills, obstetrical skills training, and public promotion of the strategy.ResultsThe CS rate in nulliparous women at term with spontaneous onset of labor decreased from 10% in 2006 to 3% in 2015. During the same period the overall CS rate dropped from 20% to 11%. The prevalence of children born at the unit with umbilical cord pH <7 and Apgar score <4 at 5 min were the same over the years studied. At present, 95.2% of women delivering at our unit are satisfied with their delivery experience.ConclusionsThe CS rates have declined after implementing the nine items of organizational and cultural changes. It seems that a specific and persistent multidisciplinary activity with a focus on the Robson group 1 can reduce CS rates without increased risk of neonatal complications.
Likelihood of repeat abortion in a Swedish cohort according to the choice of post‐abortion contraception: a longitudinal study
Authors: Kilander Helena , Alehagen Siw , Svedlund Linnea , Westlund Karin , Thor Johan , Brynhildsen Jan 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIntroductionDespite high access to contraceptive services, 42% of the women who seek an abortion in Sweden have a history of previous abortion(s). The reasons for this high repeat abortion rate remain obscure. The objective of this study was to study the choice of contraceptive method after abortion and related odds of repeat abortions within 3–4 years.Material and methodsThis is a retrospective cohort study based on a medical record review at three hospitals in Sweden. We included 987 women who had an abortion during 2009. We reviewed medical records from the date of the index abortion until the end of 2012 to establish the choice of contraception following the index abortion and the occurrence of repeat abortions. We calculated odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI.ResultsWhile 46% of the women chose oral contraceptives, 34% chose long‐acting reversible contraceptives (LARC). LARC was chosen more commonly by women with a previous pregnancy, childbirth and/or abortion. During the follow‐up period, 24% of the study population requested one or more repeat abortion(s). Choosing LARC at the time of the index abortion was associated with fewer repeat abortions compared with choosing oral contraceptives (13% vs. 26%, OR 0.36; 95% CI 0.24–0.52). Subdermal implant was as effective as intrauterine device in preventing repeat abortions beyond 3 years.ConclusionsChoosing LARC was associated with fewer repeat abortions over more than 3 years of follow up.
Justice and Surgical Innovation: The Case of Robotic Prostatectomy
Authors: Hutchison Katrina , Johnson Jane , Carter Drew 
Published: February 2016

AbstractSurgical innovation promises improvements in healthcare, but it also raises ethical issues including risks of harm to patients, conflicts of interest and increased injustice in access to health care. In this article, we focus on risks of injustice, and use a case study of robotic prostatectomy to identify features of surgical innovation that risk introducing or exacerbating injustices. Interpreting justice as encompassing matters of both efficiency and equity, we first examine questions relating to government decisions about whether to publicly fund access to innovative treatments. Here the case of robotic prostatectomy exemplifies the difficulty of accommodating healthcare priorities such as improving the health of marginalized groups. It also illustrates challenges with estimating the likely long‐term costs and benefits of a new intervention, the difficulty of comparing outcomes of an innovative treatment to those of established treatments, and the further complexity associated with patient and surgeon preferences. Once the decision has been made to fund a new procedure, separate issues of justice arise at the level of providing care to individual patients. Here, the case of robotic prostatectomy exemplifies how features of surgical innovation, such as surgeon learning curves and the need for an adequate volume of cases at a treatment centre, can exacerbate injustices associated with treatment cost and the logistics of travelling for treatment. Drawing on our analysis, we conclude by making a number of recommendations for the just introduction of surgical innovations.
From Ethical Exceptionalism to Ethical Exceptions: The Rule and exception Model and the Changing Meaning of Ethics In German Bioregulation
Authors: Braun Kathrin 
Published: February 2016

AbstractGermany is an interesting case with respect to the governance of reprogenetics. It has a strong profile in the technosciences and high aims regarding the global bioeconomy, yet her regulation of human genetics, reproductive medicine and embryo research has for a long time been rather restrictive. German biopolitical exceptionalism has often been explained by reference to Catholicism and the legacy of the Nazi past. The Germans, so goes the common story, have learnt the lessons of history and translated them into unconditional respect for human dignity, which in turn translates into unconditional protection of human life, including the human embryo, and the firm repudiation of any eugenic distinction between ‘life worth to live’ and ‘life not worth to live’. This, however, is not the whole story. Alongside deontological strictness we find another strand of governing body politics and reprogenetics in Germany, the rule‐and‐exception model, running from the mid‐1970s abortion law via the 2002 Stem Cell Act to the 2011 regulation of pre‐implantation genetic diagnosis. In contrast to the former, that strongly draws on Kant and his concept of human dignity, the latter bears resemblances to Carl Schmitt's concept of state of exception. The article will show that the rule‐and‐exception model builds the exception into the rule and transforms the meaning and mandate of ethics, namely from safeguarding ethical standards to deciding about the exception. Given that the exception has now tended to become the rule, the question is whether the lessons of history will govern German reprogenetics for much longer.
Incident Type 2 diabetes and the effect of early regression to normoglycaemia in a population with impaired glucose regulation
Authors: Bodicoat D. H. , Khunti K. , Srinivasan B. T. , Mostafa S. , Gray L. J. , Davies M. J. , Webb D. R. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAimsTo report contemporary regression rates from impaired glucose regulation to normal glucose tolerance, identify modifiable factors associated with early regression, and establish whether it affects subsequent diabetes risk in a population‐based cohort.MethodsParticipants with impaired glucose regulation (impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance on a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test) at baseline in the UK‐based ADDITION‐Leicester study had annual Type 2 diabetes re‐screens for 5 years or until diabetes diagnosis. Logistic regression models investigated modifiable risk factors for regression to normal glucose tolerance at 1 year (n = 817). Cox regression models estimated subsequent diabetes risk (n = 630).ResultsAt 1 year, 54% of participants had regressed to normal glucose tolerance, and 6% had progressed to diabetes. Regression to normal glucose tolerance was associated with weight loss of 0.1–3% [adjusted odds ratio 1.81 (95% CI 1.08, 3.03) compared with maintaining or gaining weight] and a waist circumference reduction of > 3 cm [adjusted odds ratio 1.78 (95% CI 1.03, 3.06) compared with maintaining or increasing waist circumference]. Those with normal glucose tolerance at 1 year subsequently had lower diabetes risk than those who remained with impaired glucose regulation [adjusted hazard ratio 0.19 (95% CI 0.10, 0.37)].ConclusionsEarly regression to normal glucose tolerance was associated with reduced diabetes incidence, and might be induced by small reductions in weight or waist circumference. If confirmed in experimental research, this could be a clear and achievable target for individuals diagnosed with impaired glucose regulation.