bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Purification of influenza virus‐like particles using sulfated cellulose membrane adsorbers
Authors: B Carvalho Sofia , Fortuna A Raquel , Wolff Michael W , Peixoto Cristina , M Alves Paula , Reichl Udo , JT Carrondo Manuel 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDVaccines based on virus‐like particles (VLPs) are an alternative to inactivated viral vaccines that combine good safety profiles with strong immunogenicity. In order to be economically competitive, efficient manufacturing is required, in particular downstream processing, which often accounts for major production costs. This study describes the optimization and establishment of a chromatography capturing technique using sulfated cellulose membrane adsorbers (SCMA) for purification of influenza VLPs.RESULTSUsing a design of experiments approach, the critical factors for SCMA performance were described and optimized. For optimal conditions (membrane ligand density: 15.4 µmol cm−2, salt concentration of the loading buffer: 24 mmol L‐1 NaCl, and elution buffer: 920 mmol L‐1 NaCl, as well as the corresponding flow rates: 0.24 and 1.4 mL min−1), a yield of 80% in the product fraction was obtained. No loss of VLPs was detected in the flowthrough fraction. Removal of total protein and DNA impurities were higher than 89% and 80%, respectively.CONCLUSIONUse of SCMA represents a significant improvement compared with conventional ion exchanger membrane adsorbers. As the method proposed is easily scalable and reduces the number of steps required compared with conventional purification methods, SCMA could qualify as a generic platform for purification of VLP‐based influenza vaccines. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Evaluation of the efficiency of three extraction conditions for the immunochemical detection of allergenic soy proteins in different food matrices
Authors: Amponsah Amma , Nayak Balunkeswar 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDRecent studies have shown the need to improve soy allergen extraction using different extraction conditions to ensure more accurate results in allergen detection. This study investigated some of these extraction conditions to confirm that these methods, especially ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) and the use of Laemmli buffer instead of the conventional extraction with phosphate‐buffered saline (PBS), could be helpful in improving the extraction step in allergen detection.RESULTSHigher total soluble protein was obtained in all samples extracted with Laemmli buffer alone and in combination with ultrasound. For immunochemical detection of soy proteins by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), comparable detection was observed in extracts from all extraction conditions in all commercial samples with the exception of table cracker and veggie burger, where significantly higher detection was seen in extracts from Laemmli buffer only. For the dry mix and cookie samples, the degree of soy protein detection with ELISA varied among the different extraction conditions, but overall, extraction with only Laemmli buffer showed higher detection.CONCLUSIONLaemmli buffer with conventional extraction and UAE may be better alternatives or additional extraction methods in soy allergen detection. Different food matrices performed differently (whether it was for the recovery of total proteins or detection by ELISA) under different extraction conditions. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Development of functional extruded snacks by utilizing paste shrimp (Acetes spp.): process optimization and quality evaluation
Authors: Kumar Raushan , Xavier KA Martin , Lekshmi Manjusha , Dhanabalan Vignaesh , Thachil Madonna T , Balange Amjad K , Gudipati Venkateshwarlu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFunctional extruded snacks were prepared using paste shrimp powder (Acetes spp.), which is rich in protein. The process variables required for the preparation of extruded snacks was optimized using response surface methodology. Extrusion temperature (130–144 °C), level of Acetes powder (100–200 g kg−1) and feed moisture (140–200 g kg−1) were selected as design variables, and expansion ratio, porosity, hardness, crispness and thiobarbituric acid reactive substance value were taken as the response variables.RESULTSExtrusion temperature significantly influenced all the response variables, while Acetes inclusion influenced all variables except porosity. Feed moisture content showed a significant quadratic effect on all responses and an interactive effect on expansion ratio and hardness. Shrimp powder incorporation increased the protein and mineral content of the final product. The extruded snack made with the combination of extrusion temperature 144.59 °C, feed moisture 178.5 g kg−1 and Acetes inclusion level 146.7 g kg−1 was found to be the best one based on sensory evaluation.CONCLUSIONThe study suggests that use of Acetes species for the development of extruded snacks will serve as a means of utilization of Acetes as well as being a rich source of proteins for human consumption, which would otherwise remain unexploited as a by‐catch. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Complications After Endoscopic Laryngopharyngeal Surgery
Authors: Kishimoto Yo , Sogami Tohru , Uozumi Ryuji , Funakoshi Makiko , Miyamoto Shin‐ichi , Kitamura Morimasa , Suzuki Chiaki , Muto Manabu , Tateya Ichiro , Omori Koichi 
Published: October 2017

Objectives/HypothesisEndoscopic laryngopharyngeal surgery (ELPS), a hybrid of head and neck surgery and gastrointestinal endoscopic treatment, has been attracting attention as a new therapeutic modality for superficial laryngopharyngeal cancers. Although this technique is less invasive than traditional open procedures, some complications including postoperative bleeding, subcutaneous emphysema, or aspiration pneumonia can occur after treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the complications associated with ELPS to better understand the indications for this procedure.Study DesignRetrospective medical chart review.MethodsOne hundred five patients with 159 laryngeal or pharyngeal lesions were treated with ELPS between August 2009 and September 2015 at Kyoto University Hospital. In total, 147 resections were performed, and complications after the resections were reviewed.ResultsOf the 147 resections, postoperative bleeding, subcutaneous emphysema, and aspiration pneumonia were observed in 10, 17, and 10 cases, respectively. All cases with postoperative bleeding and aspiration pneumonia occurred in patients over 65 years of age. A history of taking anticoagulation/platelet medications, and macroscopic 0–IIa lesions were shown to correlate with postoperative bleeding after ELPS. Resection of lesions in the pyriform sinus was found to be associated with subcutaneous emphysema.ConclusionsAll complications after ELPS were safely managed. A history of taking anticoagulation/platelet medications and macroscopic 0–IIa lesions were identified as risk factors for postoperative bleeding, whereas resection of pyriform sinus lesions was found to be a risk factor for subcutaneous emphysema. These risk factors should be carefully considered when treating pharyngeal and laryngeal lesions by ELPS.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:1546–1550, 2018
New gap results on the 4‐dimensional sphere
Authors: Barbosa Ezequiel , Freitas Allan , Gonçalves Antonio Rosivaldo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA result showed by M. Gursky in ensures that any metric g on the 4‐dimensional sphere satisfying and is isometric to the round metric. In this note, we prove that there exists a universal number i0 such that any metric g on the 4‐dimensional sphere satisfying and is isometric to the round metric. Moreover, there exists a universal such that any metric g on the 4‐dimensional sphere with nonnegative sectional curvature, and is isometric to the round metric. This last result slightly improves a rigidity theorem also proved in .
Does organizational creativity always drive market performance?
Authors: Boso Nathaniel , Donbesuur Francis , Bendega Terver , Annan Jonathan , Adeola Ogechi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study develops and tests arguments that the relationship between organizational creativity and market performance is channeled through new product development (NPD) capability, and that the indirect effect of creativity on performance, via NPD capability, is conditional upon levels of environment dynamism and market responsiveness. The proposed relationships are tested on a sample of 221 small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs) in a major sub‐Saharan African market. Findings from the study indicate that process and product NPD capabilities partially mediate the effect of novelty and usefulness elements of organizational creativity on market performance. The study further finds that while environment dynamism weakens the indirect effects of novelty and usefulness of organizational creativity, via process and product NPD capabilities, on market performance, the effects are strengthened under conditions of greater responsiveness to target market needs. A theoretical contribution from this study is the finding that how organizational creativity dimensions drive market performance is more complex than previously thought: it depends on whether or not organizational creativity components are first used to develop an organization's process and product innovation capabilities, and whether target market environment conditions are dynamic and an organization has ability to respond to target market demands.
Lipo‐Protein Emulsion Structure in the Diet Affects Protein Digestion Kinetics, Intestinal Mucosa Parameters and Microbiota Composition
Authors: Oberli Marion , Douard Véronique , Beaumont Martin , Jaoui Daphné , Devime Fabienne , Laurent Sandy , Chaumontet Catherine , Mat Damien , Le Feunteun Steven , Michon Camille , Davila Anne‐Marie , Fromentin Gilles , Tomé Daniel , Souchon Isabelle , Leclerc Marion , Gaudichon Claire , Blachier François 
Published: October 2017

ScopeFood structure is a key factor controlling digestion and nutrient absorption. We test the hypothesis that protein emulsion structure in the diet may affect digestive and absorptive processes.Methods & ResultsRats (n = 40) are fed for 3 weeks with two diets chemically identical but based on lipid–protein liquid‐fine (LFE) or gelled‐coarse (GCE) emulsions that differ at the macro‐ and microstructure levels. After an overnight fasting, they ingest a 15N‐labeled LFE or GCE test meal and are euthanized 0, 15 min, 1 h, and 5 h later. 15N enrichment in intestinal contents and blood are measured. Gastric emptying, protein digestion kinetics, 15N absorption, and incorporation in blood protein and urea are faster with LFE than GCE. At 15 min time point, LFE group shows higher increase in GIP portal levels than GCE. Three weeks of dietary adaptation leads to higher expression of cationic amino acid transporters in ileum of LFE compared to GCE. LFE diet raises cecal butyrate and isovalerate proportion relative to GCE, suggesting increased protein fermentation. LFE diet increases fecal Parabacteroides relative abundance but decreases Bifidobacterium, Sutterella, Parasutterella genera, and Clostridium cluster XIV abundance.ConclusionProtein emulsion structure regulates digestion kinetics and gastrointestinal physiology, and could be targeted to improve food health value.
Scan–rescan of axcaliber, macromolecular tissue volume, and g‐ratio in the spinal cord
Authors: Duval Tanguy , Smith Victoria , Stikov Nikola , Klawiter Eric C. , Cohen‐Adad Julien 
Published: October 2017

PurposeRecent MRI techniques have been introduced that can extract microstructural information in the white matter, such as the density or macromolecular content. Translating quantitative MRI to the clinic raises many challenges in terms of acquisition strategy, modeling of the MRI signal, artifact corrections, and metric extraction (template registration and partial volume effects). In this work, we investigated the scan–rescan repeatability of several quantitative MRI techniques in the human spinal cord.MethodsAxCaliber metrics, macromolecular tissue volume, and the fiber g‐ratio were estimated in the spinal cord of eight healthy subjects, scanned and rescanned the same day in two different sessions.ResultsScan–rescan repeatability deviation was 3% for all metrics, in average in the white matter of all subjects. Intraclass correlation coefficient was up to 0.9. A three‐way analysis of variance showed significant effects of white matter pathway, laterality, and subject.ConclusionThe present study suggests that quantitative MRI gives stable measurements of white matter microstructure in the spinal cord of healthy subjects. Our findings remain to be evaluated in diseased populations. Magn Reson Med 79:2759–2765, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Quality of clinical brain tumor MR spectra judged by humans and machine learning tools
Authors: Kyathanahally Sreenath P. , Mocioiu Victor , Pedrosa de Barros Nuno , Slotboom Johannes , Wright Alan J. , Julià‐Sapé Margarida , Arús Carles , Kreis Roland 
Published: October 2017

PurposeTo investigate and compare human judgment and machine learning tools for quality assessment of clinical MR spectra of brain tumors.MethodsA very large set of 2574 single voxel spectra with short and long echo time from the eTUMOUR and INTERPRET databases were used for this analysis. Original human quality ratings from these studies as well as new human guidelines were used to train different machine learning algorithms for automatic quality control (AQC) based on various feature extraction methods and classification tools. The performance was compared with variance in human judgment.ResultsAQC built using the RUSBoost classifier that combats imbalanced training data performed best. When furnished with a large range of spectral and derived features where the most crucial ones had been selected by the TreeBagger algorithm it showed better specificity (98%) in judging spectra from an independent test‐set than previously published methods. Optimal performance was reached with a virtual three‐class ranking system.ConclusionOur results suggest that feature space should be relatively large for the case of MR tumor spectra and that three‐class labels may be beneficial for AQC. The best AQC algorithm showed a performance in rejecting spectra that was comparable to that of a panel of human expert spectroscopists. Magn Reson Med 79:2500–2510, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging: A Novel Tool for the Identification and Classification of Amyloidosis
Authors: Winter Martin , Tholey Andreas , Kristen Arnt , Röcken Christoph 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAmyloidosis is a group of diseases caused by extracellular accumulation of fibrillar polypeptide aggregates. So far, diagnosis is performed by Congo red staining of tissue sections in combination with polarization microscopy. Subsequent identification of the causative protein by immunohistochemistry harbors some difficulties regarding sensitivity and specificity. Mass spectrometry based approaches have been demonstrated to constitute a reliable method to supplement typing of amyloidosis, but still depend on Congo red staining. In the present study, we used matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging coupled with ion mobility separation (MALDI‐IMS MSI) to investigate amyloid deposits in formalin‐fixed and paraffin‐embedded tissue samples. Utilizing a novel peptide filter method, we found a universal peptide signature for amyloidoses. Furthermore, differences in the peptide composition of ALλ and ATTR amyloid were revealed and used to build a reliable classification model. Integrating the peptide filter in MALDI‐IMS MSI analysis, we developed a bioinformatics workflow facilitating the identification and classification of amyloidosis in a less time and sample‐consuming experimental setup. Our findings demonstrate also the feasibility to investigate the amyloid's protein composition, thus paving the way to establish classification models for the diverse types of amyloidoses and to shed further light on the complex process of amyloidogenesis.
Reaction mechanism of chitosan/acrylamides dimer: A DFT study
Authors: Gao Xujing , Liu Wentao , Liu Hao , He Suqin , Tang Mingsheng , Zhu Chengshen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnvironment‐sensitive hydrogel is a sensitive hydrogel that responses to outside stimuli. A new temperature‐ and pH‐sensitive hydrogel is able to been prepared by radiation polymerization or emulsion polymerization method combining with the excellent thermosensitive poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) (PNIPAM), and the pH‐sensitive chitosan (CS). However, it is different to understand the reaction mechanisms thoroughly unless we can obtain more details at the molecular level. In this work, the reaction mechanism of chitosan and acrylamides (AMs, that is AM or NIPAM) dimer was shed light on by using the density functional theory (DFT), to investigate all possible reaction channels and reveal the underlying nature of polymerization at the micro level. The geometric structures of all stationary points in the reaction pathways were optimized. The reaction takes place via 3 possible reaction channels, which are RCSN + AMs → RCSN/AMs, RCSO3 + AMs → RCSO3/AMs, and RCSO5 + AMs → RCSO5/AMs. Comparing the energy barriers of these reaction pathways at a higher level, RCSO5 + AMs → RCSO5/AMs is the main pathway for forming RCS/AMs. According to the variations of bond‐lengths and the corresponding vibration peaks, it is confirmed that there are intramolecular hydrogen bond interactions in RCSO3/AMs dimer and RCSO5/AMs dimer.
Thermal Behavior and Decomposition Kinetics of Bis(2,2,2‐trinitroethyl)‐oxalate as a High Energy Dense Oxidizer and its Mixture with Nitrocellulose
Authors: Abd‐Elghany Mohamed , Klapötke Thomas M. , Elbeih Ahmed 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA new propellant formulation (NC‐BTNEOx) based on bis(2,2,2‐trinitroethyl)oxalate (BTNEOx) as a high energy dense oxidizer (HEDO) mixed with nitrocellulose (NC) matrix was prepared and studied. BTNEOx was prepared and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Photos of the prepared formulation obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) clarified a good mixing of the nitrocellulose (NC) matrix with BTNEOx. A smokeless burning was observed and recorded for the prepared NC‐BTNEOx by a high speed camera. The thermal behavior and decomposition kinetics of the NC matrix, BTNEOx and their mixture have been investigated nonisothermally by using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Isoconversional (model‐free) methods; Kissinger, Ozawa and Flynn−Wall (OFW) and Kissinger−Akahira−Sunose (KAS), were used to determine the kinetic parameters of the studied samples. The results proved that BTNEOx has melting temperature at 104.1 °C and maximum peak temperature at 200.6 °C, also it has effective activation energy in the range of 107–110 kJ/mol. The prepared NC‐BTNEOx has no endothermic peak and has exothermic peak at 201.7 °C which means that a composite might be formed due to the mixing of BTNEOx with NC. The prepared NC‐BTNEOx has effective activation energy in the range of 172–180 kJ/mol. BTNEOx required more study to proof the possibility of replacing the nitroglycerine in a smokeless double base propellant.
Post‐disaster assessment with unmanned aerial vehicles: A survey on practical implementations and research approaches
Authors: Recchiuto Carmine Tommaso , Sgorbissa Antonio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we provide a review of the principal aspects related to search & rescue (SAR) with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), with particular interest in the phase of post‐disaster assessment (PDA). Some areas of interest related to this topic have been chosen for the analysis: the aerial platforms used in the field, multirobot software architectures, onboard sensors and simultaneous localization and mapping approaches, terrain coverage algorithms, autonomous navigation techniques, and human‐swarm interfaces. All these aspects have been analyzed with respect to the state‐of‐the‐art, and also in relation to the project PRISMA, which focuses on the development and deployment of robots and autonomous systems that can operate in emergency scenarios, with a specific reference to monitoring and real‐time intervention.
Fos Promotes Early Stage Teno-Lineage Differentiation of Tendon Stem/Progenitor Cells in Tendon
Authors: Chen Jialin , Zhang Erchen , Zhang Wei , Liu Zeyu , Lu Ping , Zhu Ting , Yin Zi , Backman Ludvig J. , Liu Huanhuan , Chen Xiao , Ouyang Hongwei 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Stem cells have been widely used in tendon tissue engineering. The lack of refined and controlled differentiation strategy hampers the tendon repair and regeneration. This study aimed to find new effective differentiation factors for stepwise tenogenic differentiation. By microarray screening, the transcript factor Fos was found to be expressed in significantly higher amounts in postnatal Achilles tendon tissue derived from 1 day as compared with 7-days-old rats. It was further confirmed that expression of Fos decreased with time in postnatal rat Achilles tendon, which was accompanied with the decreased expression of multiply tendon markers. The expression of Fos also declined during regular in vitro cell culture, which corresponded to the loss of tendon phenotype. In a cell-sheet and a three-dimensional cell culture model, the expression of Fos was upregulated as compared with in regular cell culture, together with the recovery of tendon phenotype. In addition, significant higher expression of tendon markers was found in Fos-overexpressed tendon stem/progenitor cells (TSPCs), and Fos knock-down gave opposite results. In situ rat tendon repair experiments found more normal tendon-like tissue formed and higher tendon markers expression at 4 weeks postimplantation of Fos-overexpressed TSPCs derived nonscaffold engineering tendon (cell-sheet), as compared with the control group. This study identifies Fos as a new marker and functional driver in the early stage teno-lineage differentiation of tendon, which paves the way for effective stepwise tendon differentiation and future tendon regeneration.
High Relaxivity Gadolinium‐Polydopamine Nanoparticles
Authors: Wang Zhao , Carniato Fabio , Xie Yijun , Huang Yuran , Li Yiwen , He Sha , Zang Nanzhi , Rinehart Jeffrey D. , Botta Mauro , Gianneschi Nathan C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study reports the preparation of a series of gadolinium‐polydopamine nanoparticles (GdPD‐NPs) with tunable metal loadings. GdPD‐NPs are analyzed by nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion and with a 7‐tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner. A relaxivity of 75 and 10.3 mM−1 s−1 at 1.4 and 7 T is observed, respectively. Furthermore, superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry is used to study intraparticle magnetic interactions and determine the GdPD‐NPs consist of isolated metal ions even at maximum metal loadings. From these data, it is concluded that the observed high relaxivities arise from a high hydration state of the Gd(III) at the particle surface, fast rate of water exchange, and negligible antiferromagnetic coupling between Gd(III) centers throughout the particles. This study highlights design parameters and a robust synthetic approach that aid in the development of this scaffold for T1‐weighted, high relaxivity MRI contrast agents.