bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ROTAVIRUS INFECTION IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS IN DR. SOETOMO HOSPITAL, SURABAYA (2015-2019)
Authors: Ana Bilah Aisah Nur , Dinana Zayyin , Maharani Aussie Tahta , Fitria Anisa Lailatul , Juniastuti  , Athiyyah Alpha Fardah , Darma Andy , Gunadi Ranuh I Gusti Made Reza , Sudarmo Subijanto Marto , Yamani Laura Navika 
Published: September 2024

Background: Diarrhea is the first cause of death for children under five years of age worldwide. In Indonesia, diarrhea cases due to rotavirus infection tend to be detected throughout the year. Purpose: The study was to determine the epidemiology of diarrhea cases due to rotavirus infection of pediatric patients in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya based on the variables of person, place, and time. Methods: This type of research uses both descriptive and quantitative methods. The samples used were cases of rotavirus infection in toddlers in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya in 2015–2019. Results: From 2015 to 2019, there were about 110 cases (31.98%) of acute diarrhea caused by rotavirus infection at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya. The findings revealed that the majority of rotavirus infections (42.73%) occurred in children aged 6-11 months followed 12-23 months (35.45%) and were male (56.36%). The highest cumulative incidence was observed in August 2018 and February 2029, with a value of 1,0. Rotavirus infection was most common among children living in Gubeng sub-District, with 19 cases (17.27%). Conclusion: Epidemiological studies of rotavirus infection by person, place, and time reveal the distribution of disease cases and enable targeted interventions to respond to the disease.
HYGIENE AS RISK FACTORS FOR DIARRHEA AMONG TODDLERS IN MULYOREJO PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, SURABAYA
Authors: Merza Safaryna Alifia , Nadilla Putri Levi , Atoillah Isfandiari Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

Background: Mulyorejo Primary Health Center (PHC) ranks 12th in Surabaya for diarrhea morbidity in toddlers, and there was one case of under-five deaths due to diarrhea in 2020. Purpose: This study aims to analyze hygiene as a risk factor for diarrhea in toddlers at Mulyorejo PHC, Surabaya. Methods: This study was conducted with a case-control design from December 2022 to October 2023. The case population was all toddlers aged 12-59 months at Mulyorejo PHC who had diarrhea at least in the last month. The control population consisted of toddlers aged 12-59 months living in the Mulyorejo PHC working area who had not experienced diarrhea for at least one month. The sample size amounted to 114, with a ratio of 1 1, using a simple random sampling technique. The independent variables were handwashing with soap (HWWS), food hygiene practices, latrine ownership, healthy latrines, feces disposal, and access to drinking water. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation. Chi-Square Test and Multiple Logistics Regression analyzed data. Results: HWWS (p=0.001), food sanitation (p=0.061), latrine ownership (p=0.032), and proper disposal of toddler feces (p=0.024) had a significant association with the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers at Mulyorejo PHC. Conclusion: Only the HWWS variable determines the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers at Mulyorejo PHC. Good handwashing habits with soap can prevent the occurrence of diarrhea in toddlers.
TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTION BEHAVIOR AND RELATED FACTORS (STUDY AT NAIBONAT PRIMARY HEALTH CENTER, KUPANG REGENCY, 2023)
Authors: Retnowati  Nes Ester , Krisno Syamruth Yendris , Bestalonia Sir Amelya 
Published: September 2024

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which attacks the lungs and other organs. Purpose: To determine the relationship between the level of knowledge, attitudes, and preventive actions of Tuberculosis disease and TB incidence in the Naibonat Health Center working area 2023. Methods: The research design used was case-control by conducting analytical observations. Using a simple random sampling technique, the sample consisted of 41 cases and 41 controls. Data analysis used the chi-square test at a significance level of 95%. (α = 0.05). Results: Based on the research shows that there is a significant relationship between knowledge (p=0.00; OR=5.98), attitude (p=0.00; OR=4.66), TB prevention actions (p=0.01; OR=5.20) on the incidence of TB at the Naibonat Primary Health Center. Conclusion: The knowledge, attitudes, and preventive measures are significantly related to the incidence of pulmonary TB in the Naibonat Health Center working area. The community is expected to be able to pay attention to the environment where they live, have clean living behavior, and be able to participate in educational activities/socialization (counseling) related to Pulmonary TB conducted by health centers, NGOs, or health workers which help increase public knowledge.
Quo Vadis RKUHP: Polemik Tindak Pidana Penghinaan Presiden, Lembaga Negara, dan Pemerintah dalam Perspektif Pidana, Konstitusi, dan Hak Asasi Manusia
Authors: Adi Sutiyoso  , Daffa Athaillah maulana  , Edmond Wangtri Putra  
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The reform of criminal law in Indonesia through the Criminal Code Draft (RKUHP) is actually an urgent need, because the current Criminal Code (KUHP), which is a Dutch heritage, still contains elements of colonialism and is increasingly irrelevant. The RKUHP carries out five main missions, namely decolonization, democratization, harmonization, consolidation, and modernization. However, a number of articles in the RKUHP are contradictory to the five missions. A number of provisions in the RKUHP actually maintain the colonial articles. These articles fortify the president, vice president, legitimate government, and public powers or state institutions from insults and criticism. The existence of these articles certainly threatens the right to freedom of expression which is a constitutional right and human right. The reform of the criminal law is indeed urgent, but the reform, especially regarding the limitation of the right to freedom of expression, must be based on the constitution and human rights.
Keywords: Criminal Code Draft, Rights to Freedom of Expression, Constitution, Human Rights.

Abstrak
Pembaharuan hukum pidana di Indonesia melalui Rancangan Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP) sejatinya memang kebutuhan yang mendesak, sebab Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) saat ini yang merupakan warisan Belanda, substansinya masih mengandung unsur kolonialisme dan kian tidak relevan. RKUHP mengusung lima misi utama, yaitu dekolonisasi, demokratisasi, harmonisasi, konsolidasi, dan modernisasi. Namun, hal sejumlah substansi pasal dalam RKUHP justru kontradiktif dengan lima misi tersebut. Sejumlah ketentuan dalam RKUHP justru mempertahankan pasal-pasal kolonial. Pasal-pasal tersebut membentengi presiden, wakil presiden, pemerintah yang sah, dan kekuasaan umum atau lembaga negara dari penghinaan serta kritik. Eksistensi pasal-pasal tersebut tentunya mengancam hak atas kebebasan berekspresi yang merupakan hak konstitusional dan hak asasi manusia (HAM). Pembaharuan hukum pidana memanglah mendesak, tetapi pembaharuan tersebut, khususnya terkait pembatasan hak atas kebebasan berekspresi, haruslah berlandaskan konstitusi dan HAM.
Kata Kunci: Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, Hak atas Kebebasan Berekspresi, Konstitusi, Hak Asasi Manusia.
Perlindungan Hukum Ex-Ante dan Ex-Post Bagi Pemegang Saham Dalam Aksi Penambahan Modal Perusahaan Melalui Private Placement
Authors: Wardhana Gerald Vivaldi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe efforts of company to increase capital are not limited to the public offerings, additional capital can be afforded by increasing capital through private placement. The mechanism for increasing capital through private placement needs to follow the rules and regulation for the benefit of all company organs and protection for shareholders, although the regulation regarding increasing capital through private placement are not regulated under Law on Limited Liability Companies and only regulated recently under the Regulation of Financial Services Authority (OJK). The mechanism for increasing capital through private placement does not always benefit all parties especially shareholder who do not have the right to buy the shares issued. Ex-post and ex-ante legal protection is needed to protect the rights of shareholders if the capital increasing action performed by the company.Keywords: Private Placement; Company; Capital; Protection of Shareholders.
AbstrakUpaya perseroan dalam melakukan penambahan modal tidak sebatas penawaran umum, penambahan modal dapat dilakukan dengan melakukan aksi penambahan modal melalui peivate placement. Mekanisme penambahan modal melalui private placement perlu mengikuti tahapan-tahapan sesuai aturan yang berlaku demi kepentingan seluruh organ perseroan dan perlindungan akan pemegang saham meskipun peraturan mengenai penambahan modal melalui private placement tidak diatur dalam Undang-Undang Tentang Perseroan Terbatas dan hanya diatur baru dalam Peraturan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Mekanisme penambahan modal melalui private placement tidak selalu menguntungkan seluruh pihak, khususnya pemegang saham yang tidak memiliki hak untuk membeli saham yang dikeluarkan. Perlindungan hukum secara ex-post dan ex-ante sangat diperlukan demi melindungan hak pemegang saham apabila penambahan modal melalui private placement dilakukan peruisahaan.Kata Kunci: Private Placement; Perseroan; Penambahan modal; Perlindungan Pemegang Saham.
Occurrence of Ectoparasites on Tilapia zillii (Red Belly Tilapia) Gervais 1848 in The Tono Reservoir, Navrongo, Ghana
Authors: Osei Ayeh Samuel , Larbi Ayisi Christian 
Published: September 2024

This study was carried out to assess the occurrence of endoparasites in (Tilapia zillii (Gervais, 1848)) from Tono reservoir, Navrongo Ghana. A total of 120 fish samples were collected from the upstream, midstream and downstream regions of the reservoir using cast nets. All the collected fish samples were transported to the research laboratory in the University for Development Studies and examined for ectoparasites during January 2022 to August 2022. Five ectoparasites namely Trichodina sp. of Protozoans ciliates, Dactyolgyrus sp. of Monogenean, Argulus sp. and Lernaea sp. of Crustaceans and the Diplostomum sp were identified. Overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 52.32 %. Intensity of the parasites observed ranged between 1.58% to 3.52%. Highest prevalence 70 % was reported in dry season while lowest (31.67%) was reported in the rainy season. Female fish samples had higher prevalence (64.47 %) than males (27.27 %). Fishes of downstream had highest prevalence (92.5 %) than upstream (17.5 %). Fish samples with maximum length and weight were highly (65.15 %) infected than small sized fish with low body length and weight (33.33 %). It is debatable if the degree of ectoparasite activity found in this study will constitute a serious danger to the local fish population. Yet, in order to stop disease outbreaks brought on by an increase in ectoparasites, the reservoir must be given significant attention by using optimum management strategies. This study shows that dry season affects the fish business and result in poor quality fish meat with risk of diseases infection.
Identification, Prevalence, and Degree of Digestive Tract Protozoa Infection in Dairy Cows at KUTT Suka Makmur Grati Pasuruan
Authors: Margaretha Josephira Intan , Hastutiek Poedji , Permatasari Dian Ayu , Sunarso Agus , Rahardjo Dadik , Suwanti Lucia Tri 
Published: September 2024

The aim of this research is to identify, determine prevalence, and degree infection of protozoa gastrointestinal tract in dairy cow at KUTT Suka Makmur, Pasuruan district. The research was conducted from July until September 2023 by taking 100 dairy cow faeces sample from 4 villages of KUTT Suka Makmur. The samples were examined by sedimentation and floating methods. Species are identified by looking at morphology of protozoa gastrointestinal. There were of 85 (85%) samples positively infected with protozoan. There were 3 species that infect the digestive tract, those are Eimeria sp., Balantidium sp., and Blastocystis sp. The highest infection of protozoa in this research was Balantidium sp. (54%) followed by Eimeria sp. (47%). In this study, we found that 54 samples (54%) infected by one kind of protozoa and 31 samples (31%) infected by mixed protozoa. The result of Chi Square showed no significant difference in the age on the prevalence of digestive tract protozoa. The result of Kruskal Wallis showed no significant difference in the age and degree infection of Eimeria sp.
Preparation and Characterization of Cellulose/Silk Fibroin Composites Microparticles for Drug Controlled-Release Applications
Authors: Tanisood Suchai , Baimark Yodthong , Srihanam Prasong 
Published: September 2024

Microparticles derived from biomaterials are becoming increasingly popular for various applications, particularly in drug delivery systems. In this study, the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification-diffusion method was used to create cellulose (C), silk fibroin (SF), and C/SF composite microparticles. We then observed the morphology of all obtained microparticles using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), evaluated their functional groups using attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), and conducted thermogravimetric analysis using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). SEM micrographs indicated that the native SF microparticles have the highest spherical shape with smooth surfaces. With blue dextran, the C microparticle was smaller compared to the native microparticle, while the drug-loaded SF microparticles were bigger than the native microparticle. The morphological surfaces of the C/SF composite microparticles were varied in shape and surface depending on the C/SF ratio used. The spherical shape of the C/SF composite microparticle was increased as SF content increased. Furthermore, the size of drug-loaded C/SF composite microparticles was gradually increased by the SF content. The significant functional groups in the C and SF structures were identified based on the ATR-FTIR data, and a suggestion was made regarding the interaction between the functional groups of each polymer. When compared to both native polymers, the C/SF composite microparticles exhibit improved thermal stability. The C/SF composite microparticle at a 1:3 ratio had the lowest drug release content, whereas the hydrophilicity of the C microparticle affected the highest drug release content. As a result, one crucial factor affecting the medication released from the microparticle is its thermal stability. According to the obtained results, C, SF, and C/SF composite microparticles show promise as delivery systems for drugs with controlled release.
Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Is Superior to Plate Fixation for Displaced Proximal Humeral Fractures in the Elderly
Authors: Fraser Alexander Nilsskog , Wagle Tone Mehlum , Karlberg Anna Cecilia , Madsen Jan Erik , Mellberg Megan , Lian Tom , Mader Simone , Eilertsen Lars , Apold Hilde , Larsen Leif Børge , Pripp Are Hugo , Fjalestad Tore 
Published: September 2024

The treatment of proximal humeral fractures is controversial, and operative treatment is increasing despite sparse evidence to support any surgical method over another. We present the 5-year results of the DelPhi (Delta-PHILOS) trial, in which the hypothesis was that reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) yields better clinical results compared with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). The DelPhi trial was a multicenter single-blinded randomized controlled trial comparing RTSA versus ORIF for the treatment of displaced AO/OTA type-B2 and C2 proximal humeral fractures in patients 65 to 85 years of age. One hundred and twenty-four patients were allocated to RTSA (64 patients) or ORIF (60 patients). The primary outcome was the Constant score, and secondary outcomes included the Oxford Shoulder Score, radiographic measurements, and quality of life. The results were reported as the mean difference between the groups, with the 95% confidence interval (CI). The mean age was 75 years, and 90% of the patients were female. Overall, 65 of the 124 patients were available at a minimum of 5 years. The mean Constant score was 71.7 (95% CI, 67.1 to 76.3) for the RTSA group, compared with 58.3 (95% CI, 50.6 to 65.9) for the ORIF group, representing a significant difference of 13.4 (95% CI, 5.2 to 21.7) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.002). Among patients with type-C2 fractures, the mean Constant score was 73.3 (95% CI, 67.5 to 79.2) for the RTSA group and 56.0 (95% CI, 47.4 to 64.7) for the ORIF group, representing a significant difference of 17.3 (95% CI, 7.5 to 27.0) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.001). Patients with type-B2 fractures demonstrated a nonsignificant difference of 8.1 (95% CI, −7.3 to 23.3) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.29). Patients 65 to 74 years of age showed a significant mean difference of 15.7 (95% CI, 4.9 to 26.7) in favor of RTSA (p = 0.006), whereas patients 75 to 85 years of age showed a nonsignificant difference of 10.8 (95% CI, −3.0 to 24.6) in favor of RTSA. In the present study, RTSA was superior to plate fixation for displaced AO/OTA type-B2 and C2 fractures in elderly patients at 5 years. Patients 65 to 74 years of age and patients with type-C2 fractures benefited the most.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Stage-Gate Process for Evaluating and Selecting Strategies for Corrosion Solids Control in Water Injection Systems for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Bukkaraju S. K. , Gordon B. A. , Duhon H. , Jordan L. C. , Garduño J. L. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
One of the critical steps in managing water injection (WI) systems is developing a feasible, practical, and cost-efficient plan to control the solids from different modes of corrosion in the water injection line. This paper discusses a stage gate process to identify and quantify the corrosion risks, determine the solids formed in the water injection line due to different forms of corrosion, and evaluate and select the most feasible strategy. This stage-gate process was used on an extensive WI system in the GoM and is used as a case study for this paper.
Selection of CO2 Mixture Compositions for Thermo-Hydraulic Analysis of CCS Transport Pipelines and Wells Operating in Dense Phase
Authors: Pierre B. , Wright D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
CO2 specifications for Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects include major, minor and trace impurities with their respective maximum concentration. This leads to a large number of possible fluid compositions and associated thermodynamic modelling challenges. However, some impurities have a negligible impact on the thermophysical properties necessary to assess the thermo-hydraulic response of CCS transport pipelines. The study focuses on assessing the impact of different impurities on thermophysical properties of CO2 mixtures and proposes simplified compositions for thermo-hydraulic analyses of CCS transport pipelines and wells operating in dense phase.
Energy-Efficient Amine Regeneration for Absorption-Based Carbon Capture: Kinetic Studies for CO2 Mineralization
Authors: Oeiyono C. V. , Ratnakar R. , Mohanty K. K. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In point-source carbon capture, CO2 from flue gas is typically absorbed by amine solutions, and the amine is regenerated by steam stripping. The regeneration step is energy intensive. This study aims to substitute steam stripping with an energy-efficient mineralization process. The CO2-laden amine solution is treated with fly ash under near-ambient conditions (40 °C, 1 atm) to regenerate the amine and produce carbonated fly ash. This study assesses the performance of the mineralization process for primary and tertiary amines. First, dissolution of fly ash into 15 wt% monoethanolamine (MEA) or N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) is studied. Afterward, a 15 wt% concentration of amine solutions was saturated with a flue gas (10% CO2) and then reacted with fly ash for mineralization. Liquid samples are regularly collected and analyzed for pH and CO2 loading. After mineralization, precipitates are analyzed for carbonate content. The dissolution of Ca and Mg from fly ash occurs faster with MDEA solution compared to MEA solution of the same concentration. Adding fly ash to CO2-laden amine solutions results in the formation of CaCO3 and MgCO3 and the regeneration of the amine solution. MDEA can be fully regenerated in about 15 hours, while MEA achieves 80% regeneration in 6.5 days. The mineralization rate is kinetically limited by the dissolution of reactive compounds from fly ash in the case of tertiary amine, and by the carbamate conversion to bicarbonate in the case of primary amine. The rate of amine regeneration decelerates rapidly during the initial 5 hours with a starting rate of 0.003 M/hour. There is a 24% weight increase in the case of MEA and 30% in the case of MDEA during the mineralization. The precipitates contain ~60% carbonates in the form of CaCO3 and MgCO3. This study demonstrates that CO2 desorption from amine solutions can occur through mineralization, converting CO2 into carbonates at low pressure and temperature with fly ash. Fly ash derived from lignite and sub-bituminous coals is preferable as a reactant since it has high calcium content.
Plastic Deformation and Resulting Enhancement in Caprock Failure Limit
Authors: Wu Yidi , Mehrabian Amin , Chen Sheng-Li , Abousleiman Younane 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Loss of caprock integrity is a well-known complication of CO2 geo-sequestration projects. Existing studies on caprock integrity analysis often apply a yield criterion on elastic solutions for the caprock geomechanics problem and, consequently, would make an underestimation of the permissible change in total volume of fluid injection. This work considers plastic deformation after yielding but before caprock failure through an analytical solution for a spherically symmetric proxy model of reservoir and surrounding caprock. The part of solution pertaining to pore fluid flow and geomechanics of reservoir is time-dependent and based on the fully coupled theory of poroelasticity while the elastoplastic deformation of caprock is treated by use of Drucker-Prager plastic flow models with strain hardening. The latter problem (plastic caprock) is formulated using Lagrangian formulation of elastoplastic deformations while the time-dependency of the former problem (poroelastic reservoir) is treated using the Laplace integral transform method. Continuity of displacement, stress and pore fluid flow at the boundary between the caprock and reservoir connects the two solutions. Findings indicate that consideration of a plastic strain allowance for the caprock indeed increases the injectable volume of CO2 in the reservoir, substantially. This volume is larger for the undrained caprock if elastoplastic strain allowance is relatively large while reverse is true for smaller elastoplastic strain allowances. In either case, strong dependence of injectable fluid volume on the rock strain hardening parameter is observed. This result is rationalized by studying the time-dependent evolution of the elastoplastic stress paths corresponding to the drained and undrained caprock solutions.