bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of five diffeomorphic image registration algorithms for mouse brain magnetic resonance microscopy
Authors: FU ZHENRONG , LIN LAN , TIAN MIAO , WANG JINGXUAN , ZHANG BAIWEN , CHU PINGPING , LI SHAOWU , PATHAN MUHAMMAD MOHSIN , DENG YULIN , WU SHUICAI 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe development of genetically engineered mouse models for neuronal diseases and behavioural disorders have generated a growing need for small animal imaging. High‐resolution magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) provides powerful capabilities for noninvasive studies of mouse brains, while avoiding some limits associated with the histological procedures. Quantitative comparison of structural images is a critical step in brain imaging analysis, which highly relies on the performance of image registration techniques. Nowadays, there is a mushrooming growth of human brain registration algorithms, while fine‐tuning of those algorithms for mouse brain MRMs is rarely addressed. Because of their topology preservation property and outstanding performance in human studies, diffeomorphic transformations have become popular in computational anatomy. In this study, we specially tuned five diffeomorphic image registration algorithms [DARTEL, geodesic shooting, diffeo‐demons, SyN (Greedy‐SyN and geodesic‐SyN)] for mouse brain MRMs and evaluated their performance using three measures [volume overlap percentage (VOP), residual intensity error (RIE) and surface concordance ratio (SCR)]. Geodesic‐SyN performed significantly better than the other methods according to all three different measures. These findings are important for the studies on structural brain changes that may occur in wild‐type and transgenic mouse brains.
AutoIHC‐scoring: a machine learning framework for automated Allred scoring of molecular expression in ER‐ and PR‐stained breast cancer tissue
Authors: TEWARY S. , ARUN I. , AHMED R. , CHATTERJEE S. , CHAKRABORTY C. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIn prognostic evaluation of breast cancer Immunohistochemical (IHC) markers namely, oestrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) are widely used. The expert pathologist investigates qualitatively the stained tissue slide under microscope to provide the Allred score; which is clinically used for therapeutic decision making. Such qualitative judgment is time‐consuming, tedious and more often suffers from interobserver variability. As a result, it leads to imprecise IHC score for ER and PR. To overcome this, there is an urgent need of developing a reliable and efficient IHC quantifier for high throughput decision making. In view of this, our study aims at developing an automated IHC profiler for quantitative assessment of ER and PR molecular expression from stained tissue images. We propose here to use CMYK colour space for positively and negatively stained cell extraction for proportion score. Also colour features are used for quantitative assessment of intensity scoring among the positively stained cells. Five different machine learning models namely artificial neural network, Naïve Bayes, K‐nearest neighbours, decision tree and random forest are considered for learning the colour features using average red, green and blue pixel values of positively stained cell patches. Fifty cases of ER‐ and PR‐stained tissues have been evaluated for validation with the expert pathologist's score. All five models perform adequately where random forest shows the best correlation with the expert's score (Pearson's correlation coefficient = 0.9192). In the proposed approach the average variation of diaminobenzidine (DAB) to nuclear area from the expert's score is found to be 7.58%, as compared to 27.83% for state‐of‐the‐art ImmunoRatio software.
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy for endometrial cancer in a renal transplantation patient receiving peritoneal dialysis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Kakuda Mamoru , Kobayashi Eiji , Tanaka Yusuke , Ueda Yutaka , Yoshino Kiyoshi , Kimura Tadashi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractImproved surgical techniques and immunosuppressant medications for organ transplantation have resulted in a significant increase in the number of women undergoing renal transplantation. Peritoneal dialysis (PD), a common supportive therapy for chronic renal failure, is also used in cases of renal transplantation failure. Herein, we report the first case of a rare total conventional laparoscopic gynecologic hysterectomy performed for endometrial cancer in a patient undergoing life‐supportive PD as a result of renal transplantation failure. No unusual intraoperative complications were experienced, but post‐surgical peritoneal leakage was observed. We reviewed the literature of alternative surgical methods of hysterectomy for endometrial cancer in patients who had undergone renal transplantation and were undergoing PD at the time of the hysterectomy. Laparoscopic hysterectomy could be safe in a renal transplantation patient receiving PD if injury to the transplanted ureter and renal artery is avoided by recognizing the patient's anatomy and PD leakage is averted by careful peritoneum suture and avoiding contact with the PD catheter.
Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores responsiveness before and after anticholinergic treatment in women with overactive bladder: The pilot study
Authors: Bunyavejchevin Suvit 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimThe aims of this study were: (i) to evaluate change of Overactive Bladder Symptom Scores (OABSS) from before to after solifenacin treatment; and (ii) to evaluate correlation between change of OABSS and 3‐day micturition diary, International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and Patient Perception of Bladder Condition (PPBC).MethodsThirty‐six women, aged > 18 years, diagnosed as having overactive bladder (OAB) at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, with the symptoms of urgency, frequency with or without urge incontinence for more than 3 months, and at least three episodes of urgency with or without incontinence during the last 3 days prior to the study, were recruited during January 2010–May 2011. All cases received solifenacin 5‐mg treatment once a day and were asked to record a 3‐day micturition diary and to complete the Thai version of the OABSS, IPSS, and PPBC questionnaires at weeks 0, 4, and 12 after treatment.ResultsThe OABSS, IPSS, and PPBC scores and all parameters of the 3‐day micturition diary had changed significantly by weeks 4 and 12. The OABSS correlated significantly with IPSS score (r = 0.44), PPBC score (r = 0.39), and urgency episodes (r = 0.48).ConclusionThe OABSS had good responsiveness, similar to the other questionnaires (the IPSS and PPBC) and the 3‐day micturition diary. The use of OABSS is recommended in OAB women for evaluation after anticholinergic drug treatment.
Integrated gene expression profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing: Analysis of the C‐terminal binding protein in breast cancer
Authors: Chen Lu , Yang Yang , Xu Liwei , Liu Rui , Wang Yali 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimThis study explored the possible mechanisms of the transcriptional regulatory activities of C‐terminal binding protein (CtBP) and the role of CtBP in the pathogenesis of breast cancer.MethodsMicroarray data of GSE36529, including three CtBP‐knockdown breast cancer MCF‐7 cell samples, three control knockdown samples and data of CtBP binding profile in MCF‐7 cells, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened between CtBP‐knockdown MCF‐7 cell samples and controls. Newly developed chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing technology was used to identify the CtBP binding regions. The direct target genes of CtBP were identified using ChIP‐Array software and a regulatory network was constructed, followed by gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of all identified DEGs and DEGs targeted by CtBP.ResultsIn total, 404 DEGs were identified in CtBP‐knockdown MCF‐7 cell samples. These DEGs were enriched in different GO terms, such as cellular response to stress and cell cycle, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleotide binding. Additionally, 143 DEGs were identified as potential direct targets of CtBP in the regulatory network. CtBP target genes such as hypoxia up‐regulated 1, BTG family member 2 and endothelin 1 were mainly related to response to hypoxia and regulation of cell proliferation.ConclusionsHypoxia up‐regulated 1, BTG family member 2 and endothelin 1 may be associated with the progression of breast cancer through interaction with CtBP in different biological processes. CtBP may be a therapeutic target for the treatment of breast cancer.
The effect of endometrial scratch injury on pregnancy outcome in women with previous intrauterine insemination failure: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Ashrafi Mahnaz , Tehraninejad Ensieh Shahrokh , Haghiri Mansooreh , Masomi Masoumeh , Sadatmahalleh Shahideh Jahanian , Arabipoor Arezoo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimEndometrial scratch injury (ESI) has been recently proposed to enhance the implantation rate in assisted reproductive technology cycles. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of ESI on pregnancy rate in women with intrauterine insemination (IUI) failure.MethodsThis prospective randomized controlled study was carried out in Imam‐Khomeini Hospital and Royan Institute, Tehran, during a 12‐month period from January 2013 to January 2014. After assessment, 169 patients who had IUI failure twice or more (no chemical or clinical pregnancy) with normal uterine anatomy and hysterosalpingography, were enrolled. They were randomly assigned into two groups. In the experimental group, all patients underwent ESI at day 8 or 9 of stimulation phase in the present IUI cycle, whereas no intervention was performed on the control group. IUI outcome was then compared between the two groups.ResultsA total of 150 patients completed the IUI cycle during the study. The chemical pregnancy rate was 10.7% and 2.7% in the experimental and control groups, respectively, without significant difference (P = 0.09). Also no significant differences were detected in terms of clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates between the two groups (P > 0.05).ConclusionsNo significant beneficial effect of ESI on fertility outcome in patients with repeated IUI failure was detected when it was carried out on day 8 or 9 of the same IUI stimulation cycle. Also, however, no negative impact secondary to ESI was observed. Therefore, confirmation or refutation of this hypothesis requires further studies with a larger sample size. IRCT201507271141N19.
THE SIMPLE ANALYTICS OF JOB DISPLACEMENT INSURANCE
Authors: Parsons Donald O. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTJob displacement is a threat to the earnings of long‐tenured workers through (1) unemployment spells and (2) reduced reemployment wages. Although full insurance requires both unemployment benefits and wage insurance, supply difficulties limit actual‐loss insurance, and separation packages include partial unemployment insurance and scheduled (fixed sum) severance pay. The design of this two‐dimensional package requires a systems approach as well as a generalized replacement ratio measure of adequacy. Job search moral hazard and layoff moral hazard (firing costs) introduce serious contracting concerns. Economic theory provides a guide to the integration of these insurance instruments in this complex planning environment.
Effect of graded levels of dietary corn steep liquor on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, haematology and histopathology of broilers
Authors: Ullah Z. , Yousaf M. , Shami M. M. , Sharif M. , Mahrose Kh. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThis experiment was conducted to assess nutritional potential of corn steep liquor (CSL) as an alternative protein source in broiler's diet. A total of 280‐day‐old unsexed broiler chicks were randomly distributed into four experimental groups in a simple randomised experimental design (each group had seven replicates; 10 birds per each). Four iso‐nitrogenous and iso‐caloric broiler starter and finisher diets (C, LCSL, MCSL and HCSL) were formulated containing 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% CSL respectively. Results revealed that chicks fed MCSL diet had significantly (p ≤ .05) the heaviest Body weight, highest Body weight gain and the lowest feed conversion ratio followed by those fed HCSL diet. In the starter period, LCSL and MCSL diets resulted in better (p ≤ .05) dry matter (DM) (89.57%) and crude protein (67.67%) digestibilities respectively. In the finisher period, DM, crude fibre and fat digestibilities were not affected by CSL inclusion levels; while crude protein digestibility was significantly (p ≤ .05) high in the groups fed LCSL and HCSL diets. The CSL inclusion had no effect on blood haematology except serum uric acid, which tended to increase with increasing CSL levels. No microscopic changes were exhibited on liver, heart, kidneys and intestine of birds across all dietary treatments. However, crops in birds fed HCSL diet showed moderate to severe hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the mucosal lining. The study showed that CSL could be added up to 15% in broiler's diet without any adverse effect on bird's performance.
Economies of Scale: Shakespeare and Book History
Authors: Knight Jeffrey Todd 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the present article is to survey recent developments in Shakespeare and book history and to identify promising new avenues in the field. Book history always had a close – if never precisely articulated – relationship with New Historicism, but in recent years, I argue, as the influence of the latter has waned in English studies, book history has become a crucible of alternative historicisms in part because it is the subfield that deals most immediately and reflexively with the status of texts as historical evidence. Perhaps paradoxically, I also suggest, book history is by its nature a demilitarized zone, protected from the extremes of presentism and pastism, aestheticism and contextualism, critique and affective attachment, while freer than many subfields to absorb what is best in these conflicting intellectual campaigns. I organize my account in three section headings that reflect what I see as the prevailing currents in Shakespeare and book history at present: the plurality of context, reading at scale, and beyond materiality.
Work on the Victorian dinosaur: Histories and prehistories of 19th‐century palaeontology
Authors: Tattersdill Will 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn recent studies of Victorian Literature and Science, valuable insights into the history and discursive constitutions of geology, palaeontology, and evolution have often shone a sidelight on the figure of the dinosaur. Few, though, have engaged head‐on with the dinosaur itself as a conceptual category. In discussing why, this article aims to provide the reader with a reading list by which they may themselves begin to explore the Victorian dinosaur—as well as a possible justification for so doing.
Connecting genomic patterns of local adaptation and niche suitability in teosintes
Authors: Aguirre‐Liguori J. A. , Tenaillon M. I. , Vázquez‐Lobo A. , Gaut B. S. , Jaramillo‐Correa J. P. , Montes‐Hernandez S. , Souza V. , Eguiarte L. E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe central abundance hypothesis predicts that local adaptation is a function of the distance to the centre of a species’ geographic range. To test this hypothesis, we gathered genomic diversity data from 49 populations, 646 individuals and 33,464 SNPs of two wild relatives of maize, the teosintes Zea mays ssp. parviglumis and Zea. mays. ssp. mexicana. We examined the association between the distance to their climatic and geographic centroids and the enrichment of SNPs bearing signals of adaptation. We identified candidate adaptive SNPs in each population by combining neutrality tests and cline analyses. By applying linear regression models, we found that the number of candidate SNPs is positively associated with niche suitability, while genetic diversity is reduced at the limits of the geographic distribution. Our results suggest that overall, populations located at the limit of the species’ niches are adapting locally. We argue that local adaptation to this limit could initiate ecological speciation processes and facilitate adaptation to global change.
Differences in optic nerve head microcirculation between evening and morning in patients with coronary artery disease
Authors: Shiba Tomoaki , Takahashi Mao , Matsumoto Tadashi , Hori Yuichi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPurposeTo determine whether differences or variation of blood flow in the ONH are independent risk factors for CAD.MethodsWe studied 144 consecutive patients whose ocular blood flow in the ONH was measured in the evening and morning by LSFG. We analyzed the MBR throughout the ONH (MBR‐A) and in the tissue (MBR‐T) and vessels (MBR‐V) in the ONH. We also evaluated the MBR‐T, MBR‐V, and MBR‐A values obtained in the evening and morning and the variation (Δ) between evening and morning values in each group.ResultsTwenty‐three patients (16%) were diagnosed with CAD. The morning MBR‐T and MBR‐A values were significantly lower in these patients with CAD compared to the patients without CAD. ΔMBR‐T in the CAD patients was significantly lower compared to that of the no‐CAD patients. The logistic regression analysis was revealed that a high carotid artery plaque score, lower ΔDBP, and ΔMBR‐T were identified as risk factors for CAD.ConclusionsOcular microcirculation obtained from LSFG may provide a window for detecting changes in microvasculature related to CAD.
FisR activates σ54‐dependent transcription of sulfide‐oxidizing genes in Cupriavidus pinatubonensisJMP134
Authors: Li Huanjie , Li Juan , Lü Chuanjuan , Xia Yongzhen , Xin Yufeng , Liu Honglei , Xun Luying , Liu Huaiwei 
Published: June 2017

SummarySome heterotrophic bacteria are able to oxidize sulfide (H2S, HS− and S2−) to sulfite and thiosulfate via polysulfide. The genes coding for the oxidation enzymes in Cupriavidus pinatubonensis JMP134 have recently been identified; however, their regulation is unknown. A regulator gene is adjacent to the operon of the sulfide‐oxidizing genes, encoding a σ54‐dependent transcription factor (FisR) with three domains: an R domain, an AAA+ domain and a DNA‐binding domain. Here it is reported that the regulator responds to the presence of sulfide and activates the sulfide‐oxidizing genes. FisR binds to its cognate operator at −114 to −135 bp of the transcription start of the operon. When polysulfide reacts with the R domain of FisR through the three conserved cysteine residues (C53, C64 and C71), FisR activates the expression of the operon. FisR is highly sensitive to polysulfide, activating σ54‐dependent transcription of sulfide‐oxidizing genes for sulfide removal. Further, sequence analysis indicates that FisR‐type regulators are relatively common for controlling sulfide‐oxidizing genes under sulfide stress in the Proteobacteria.
Identification of YfiH (PgeF) as a factor contributing to the maintenance of bacterial peptidoglycan composition
Authors: Parveen Sadiya , Reddy Manjula 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPeptidoglycan (PG) is an essential, envelope‐fortifying macromolecule of eubacterial cell walls. It is a large polymer with multiple glycan strands interconnected by short peptide chains forming a sac‐like structure around cytoplasmic membrane. In most bacteria, the composition of the peptide chain is well‐conserved and distinctive; in E. coli, the peptide chain length varies from two to five amino acids with a tetrapeptide consisting of L‐alanine – D‐glutamic acid – meso‐diaminopimelic acid – D‐alanine. However, it is not known how bacteria conserve the composition and sequence of peptide chains of PG. Here, we find that a conserved open reading frame of unknown function, YfiH (renamed PgeF) contributes to the maintenance of peptide composition in E. coli. Using genetic, biochemical and mass spectrometrical analyses we demonstrate that absence of yfiH results in incorporation of non‐canonical amino acids, L‐serine or glycine in place of L‐alanine in PG sacculi leading to β‐lactam – sensitivity, lethality in mutants defective in PG remodelling or recycling pathways, altered cell morphology and reduced PG synthesis. yfiH orthologs from other Gram‐positive genera were able to compensate the absence of yfiH in E. coli indicating a conserved pathway in bacterial kingdom. Our results suggest editing/quality control mechanisms exist to maintain composition and integrity of bacterial peptidoglycan.
Knowledge, attitude and practice of intensive care unit nurses about physical restraint
Authors: Suliman Mohammad , Aloush Sami , Al‐Awamreh Khitam 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundPhysical restraint is mainly used in intensive care units (ICUs) to prevent delirious or agitated patients from removing tubes and lines connected to them. However, inappropriate use of physical restraint could have many detrimental physical effects on the patient, such as nerve damage, asphyxiation or even death.AimThe aim of the study is to investigate nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice of physical restraint in ICUs in Jordanian hospitals, about which little is known.DesignA descriptive and cross‐sectional design was used.MethodsA convenience sample of 400 nurses working in three public hospitals and one university‐affiliated hospital from different geographical regions in Jordan was selected. An Arabic version of the Physical Restraint Questionnaire (PRQ) was used to collect the data.ResultsA total of 300 completed questionnaires were returned, with a response rate of 75%. Of the total sample, 51% were males, 65.7% were from public hospitals and 80.3% held a bachelor's degree. The mean score in the knowledge section was 9.7 (SD =1.7) out of 15; in the attitude section, it was 24.7 (SD = 4.8) out of 33; and in the practice section, it was 30.9 (SD = 3.5) out of 42. Nurses who reported previous related education scored higher on the knowledge section (mean = 10.7; SD = 1.4) than nurses who reported no previous related education (mean = 9.1; SD = 1.6; p < .001). However, no significant differences between these categories were found in relation to attitude and practice.ConclusionsThe study demonstrated some lack of knowledge and unsafe practices regarding physical restraint in ICUs in Jordan. It suggests improving nurses' knowledge, attitude and practices through in‐service education on best practice for physical restraint, developing policies/guidelines and providing adequate staff and equipment to maintain patient safety and prevent complications.Relevance to clinical practiceConducting education programmes on physical restraint for ICU nurses and providing other preventive strategies are important in improving nurses' knowledge, attitude and practice.