bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A multiple relaxation time extension of the constant speed kinetic model
Authors: Zadehgol Abed , Ashrafizaadeh Mahmud 
Published: December 2015

In this work, a multiple relaxation time (MRT) extension of the recently introduced constant speed kinetic model (CSKM) is proposed. The CSKM, which is an entropic kinetic model and based on unconventional entropies of Burg and Tssalis, was introduced in [A. Zadehgol and M. Ashrafizaadeh, J. Comput. Phys. 274, 803 (2014)]; [A. Zadehgol Phys. Rev. E 91, 063311 (2015)] as an extension of the model of Boghosian et al. [Phys. Rev. E 68, 025103 (2003)] in the limit of fixed speed continuous velocities. The present extension improves the stability of the previous models at very high Reynolds numbers, while allowing for a more convenient orthogonal lattice. The model is verified by solving the following benchmark problems: (i) the lid driven square cavity and (ii) the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability of thin shear layers in a doubly periodic square domain.
Holonomy, quantum mechanics and the signal-tuned Gabor approach to the striate cortex
Authors: Torreão José R. A. 
Published: December 2015

It has been suggested that an appeal to holographic and quantum properties will be ultimately required for the understanding of higher brain functions. On the other hand, successful quantum-like approaches to cognitive and behavioral processes bear witness to the usefulness of quantum prescriptions as applied to the analysis of complex non-quantum systems. Here, we show that the signal-tuned Gabor approach for modeling cortical neurons, although not based on quantum assumptions, also admits a quantum-like interpretation. Recently, the equation of motion for the signal-tuned complex cell response has been derived and proven equivalent to the Schrödinger equation for a dissipative quantum system whose solutions come under two guises: as plane-wave and Airy-packet responses. By interpreting the squared magnitude of the plane-wave solution as a probability density, in accordance with the quantum mechanics prescription, we arrive at a Poisson spiking probability — a common model of neuronal response — while spike propagation can be described by the Airy-packet solution. The signal-tuned approach is also proven consistent with holonomic brain theories, as it is based on Gabor functions which provide a holographic representation of the cell’s input, in the sense that any restricted subset of these functions still allows stimulus reconstruction.
Top physics at the LHC
Authors: Del Duca Vittorio , Laenen Eric 
Published: December 2015

We review the present situation in top quark physics, in these early days of Run II of the LHC. We take mostly a Standard Model perspective, showing recent results, and review the key concepts and results of the associated theoretical predictions. The issues we discuss are the top quark mass, top quark pair and single top production, production in association with other particles, charge asymmetry and top quark decay.
Extrapolating Satellite Winds to Turbine Operating Heights
Authors: Badger Merete , Peña Alfredo , Hahmann Andrea N. , Mouche Alexis A. , Hasager Charlotte B. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractOcean wind retrievals from satellite sensors are typically performed for the standard level of 10 m. This restricts their full exploitation for wind energy planning, which requires wind information at much higher levels where wind turbines operate. A new method is presented for the vertical extrapolation of satellite-based wind maps. Winds near the sea surface are obtained from satellite data and used together with an adaptation of the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory to estimate the wind speed at higher levels. The thermal stratification of the atmosphere is taken into account through a long-term stability correction that is based on numerical weather prediction (NWP) model outputs. The effect of the long-term stability correction on the wind profile is significant. The method is applied to Envisat Advanced Synthetic Aperture Radar scenes acquired over the south Baltic Sea. This leads to maps of the long-term stability correction and wind speed at a height of 100 m with a spatial resolution of 0.02°. Calculations of the corresponding wind power density and Weibull parameters are shown. Comparisons with mast observations reveal that NWP model outputs can correct successfully for long-term stability effects and also, to some extent, for the limited number of satellite samples. The satellite-based and NWP-simulated wind profiles are almost equally accurate with respect to those from the mast. However, the satellite-based maps have a higher spatial resolution, which is particularly important in nearshore areas where most offshore wind farms are built.
Multiscale Interactions in an Idealized Walker Cell: Analysis with Isentropic Streamfunctions
Authors: Slawinska Joanna , Pauluis Olivier , Majda Andrew J. , Grabowski Wojciech W. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
A new approach for analyzing multiscale properties of the atmospheric flow is proposed in this study. For that, the recently introduced isentropic streamfunctions are employed here for scale decomposition with Haar wavelets. This method is applied subsequently to a cloud-resolving simulation of a planetary Walker cell characterized by pronounced multiscale flow. The resulting set of isentropic streamfunctions—obtained at the convective, meso-, synoptic, and planetary scales—capture many important features of the across-scale interactions within an idealized Walker circulation. The convective scale is associated with the shallow, congestus, and deep clouds, which jointly dominate the upward mass flux in the lower troposphere. The synoptic and planetary scales play important roles in extending mass transport to the upper troposphere, where the corresponding streamfunctions mainly capture the first baroclinic mode associated with large-scale overturning circulation. The intermediate-scale features of the flow, such as anvil clouds associated with organized convective systems, are extracted with the mesoscale and synoptic-scale isentropic streamfunctions. Multiscale isentropic streamfunctions are also used to extract salient mechanisms that underlie the low-frequency variability of the Walker cell. In particular, the lag of a few days of the planetary scale behind the convective scale indicates the importance of the convective scale in moistening the atmosphere and strengthening the planetary-scale overturning circulation. Furthermore, the mesoscale and synoptic scale lags behind the planetary scale reflect the strong dependence of convective organization on the background shear.
Navigating the Leadership Challenge Inside Indian Public Relations
Authors: Patwardhan Padmini 
Published: December 2015

This study examines public relations (PR) leadership in India, offering empirical insights on perceptions of leadership among Indian practitioners, important PR leadership dimensions, salience of leadership abilities and development of future PR leaders in India. To provide breadth and depth to the investigation, data was collected through an industry survey and interviews with PR leaders. Results suggest that Indian practitioners recognize global principles and practices of effective PR leadership but also embrace Indian values. Specific leadership roles such as nurturer, seer and mentor along with practices such as ‘the personal touch’ were highlighted. Leaders stressed importance of ethics, an ‘ideal’ quality of excellence embedded in Indian leadership theory’s simple living-high thinking concept. Personal influence is seen as part of leadership practice creating strong personal rather than contractual relationships. Collaboration rather than competition in leadership style reveals focus on collectivistic problem solving accomplished through teamwork and use of networks. Human resource issues and training are identified as dominant issues for PR in India and there are limited formalized structures for entry level or leadership training in the Indian PR industry. Leadership education is currently managed through personal mentoring by current leaders who adopt ‘nurturer’ roles central to Indian models of leadership management.
Dynamics of bacterial insertion sequences: can transposition bursts help the elements persist?
Authors: Wu Yue , Aandahl Richard Z. , Tanaka Mark M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundCurrently there is no satisfactory explanation for why bacterial insertion sequences (ISs) widely occur across prokaryotes despite being mostly harmful to their host genomes. Rates of horizontal gene transfer are likely to be too low to maintain ISs within a population. IS-induced beneficial mutations may be important for both prevalence of ISs and microbial adaptation to changing environments but may be too rare to sustain IS elements in the long run. Environmental stress can induce elevated rates of IS transposition activities; such episodes are known as ‘transposition bursts’. By examining how selective forces and transposition events interact to influence IS dynamics, this study asks whether transposition bursts can lead to IS persistence.ResultsWe show through a simulation model that ISs are gradually eliminated from a population even if IS transpositions occasionally cause advantageous mutations. With beneficial mutations, transposition bursts create variation in IS copy numbers and improve cell fitness on average. However, these benefits are not usually sufficient to overcome the negative selection against the elements, and transposition bursts amplify the mean fitness effect which, if negative, simply accelerates the extinction of ISs. If down regulation of transposition occurs, IS extinctions are reduced while ISs still generate variation amongst bacterial genomes.ConclusionsTransposition bursts do not help ISs persist in a bacterial population in the long run because most burst-induced mutations are deleterious and therefore not favoured by natural selection. However, bursts do create more genetic variation through which occasional advantageous mutations can help organisms adapt. Regulation of IS transposition bursts and stronger positive selection of the elements interact to slow down the burst-induced extinction of ISs.
Adaptive evolution in the toxicity of a spider’s venom enzymes
Authors: Pedroso Aurélio , Matioli Sergio Russo , Murakami Mario Tyago , Pidde-Queiroz Giselle , Tambourgi Denise V. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBackgroundSphingomyelinase D is the main toxin present in the venom ofLoxoscelesspiders. Several isoforms present in these venoms can be structurally classified in two groups. Class I Sphingomyelinase D contains a single disulphide bridge and variable loop. Class II Sphingomyelinase D presents an additional intrachain disulphide bridge that links a flexible loop with a catalytic loop. These classes exhibit differences in their toxic potential. In this paper we address the distribution of the structural classes of SMase D within and among species of spiders and also their evolutionary origin by means of phylogenetic analyses. We also conducted tests to assess the action of natural selection in their evolution combined to structural modelling of the affected sites.ResultsThe majority of the Class I enzymes belong to the same clade, which indicates a recent evolution from a single common ancestor. Positively selected sites are located on the catalytic interface, which contributes to a distinct surface charge distribution between the classes. Sites that may prevent the formation of an additional bridge were found in Class I enzymes.ConclusionsThe evolution of Sphingomyelinase D has been driven by natural selection toward an increase in noxiousness, and this might help explain the toxic variation between classes.
Microstructure reconstruction and structural equation modeling for computational design of nanodielectrics
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Zhao He , Hassinger Irene , Brinson L. Catherine , Schadler Linda S. , Chen Wei 
Published: December 2015

AbstractNanodielectric materials, consisting of nanoparticle-filled polymers, have the potential to become the dielectrics of the future. Although computational design approaches have been proposed for optimizing microstructure, they need to be tailored to suit the special features of nanodielectrics such as low volume fraction, local aggregation, and irregularly shaped large clusters. Furthermore, key independent structural features need to be identified as design variables. To represent the microstructure in a physically meaningful way, we implement a descriptor-based characterization and reconstruction algorithm and propose a new decomposition and reassembly strategy to improve the reconstruction accuracy for microstructures with low volume fraction and uneven distribution of aggregates. In addition, a touching cell splitting algorithm is employed to handle irregularly shaped clusters. To identify key nanodielectric material design variables, we propose a Structural Equation Modeling approach to identify significant microstructure descriptors with the least dependency. The method addresses descriptor redundancy in the existing approach and provides insight into the underlying latent factors for categorizing microstructure. Four descriptors, i.e., volume fraction, cluster size, nearest neighbor distance, and cluster roundness, are identified as important based on the microstructure correlation functions (CF) derived from images. The sufficiency of these four key descriptors is validated through confirmation of the reconstructed images and simulated material properties of the epoxy-nanosilica system. Among the four key descriptors, volume fraction and cluster size are dominant in determining the dielectric constant and dielectric loss.
An addendum to: “Notes on models of first-order mereological theories”
Authors: Tsai Hsing-chien 
Published: December 2015

Andrzej Pietruszczak has made a comment on my Claim 1 in hispaper entitled “Classical mereology is not elementarily axiomatizable”. His paper is a wonderful exposition of mereological structures and I think his comment is fair. However, the following are some remarks inspired by his comment.
From Altar to App: Displaying Devotion in the Contemporary Museum
Authors: Marshall Christopher R. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Traditional museum displays of devotional objects tend to emphasize their status as decontextualized artworks. These displays customarily lack the richer experience of embodiment and the more complex affective responses that are accessible, by contrast, to those visiting historical sites with devotional artefacts in situ. Some museums have nonetheless attempted to counter these limitations by developing exhibition strategies that are more immersive and emotionally engaging. This article examines the recent trend to provide a deeper sense of devotional context, with a particular emphasis on the church of Sant’Agostino, Rome; the St Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art, Glasgow; the Museum of World Religions, Taipei; and the Victoria and Albert Museum’s redesigned Medieval and Renaissance Galleries. Through a detailed analysis, the article suggests that the most effective (and affective) form of devotional display will activate a less literalist and more lateral encounter that grants visitors the agency to enter into a more evocative ‘third space’ between the artificial environment of the museum and the artefact’s position in the real world.
O verde na cidade: reflexão inspirada na cidade de Coimbra (Portugal)
Authors: Almeida António Campar de 
Published: December 2015

Os espaços verdes nas cidades são analisados, em regra, sob a perspetiva dos seus benefícios para as pessoas, segundo diversas razões. Neste trabalho procura-se olhar para os espaços verdes do lado das plantas em termos da sua sustentabilidade em espaço urbano, discutindo a boa escolha das espécies, mas também a sua correta inserção no terreno. Alerta-se, por fim, sobre o avanço de espécies invasoras e o descuido com que têm sido tratadas dentro das cidades. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_1
Contributo para o estudo da geomorfologia granítica da Cova da Beira: o alvéolo do Fundão
Authors: Cordeiro A. M. Rochette , Cunha Jorge 
Published: December 2015

A alveolização granítica assume-se desde Alain Godard (1977) como o resultado de um compromisso morfogenético entre fases de alteração química em clima tropical húmido e fases de ablação em clima subtropical seco, com a sua génese a encontrar-se associada a fatores morfo-estruturais, enquanto a sua diferenciação se deve, no essencial, a fatores morfoclimáticos.A similaridade das condições de base es truturais nos diferentes sectores do Maciço Hespérico aponta para uma justificação da eficácia da meteorização química, no quadro das diferenças observadas em torno das condições climáticas passadas, levando à compreensão da distinção que ocorre entre as formas alveolares do litoral e do interior.A investigação que tem vindo a ser realizada na região da Cova da Beira, permitiu a assunção da forma alveolar do Fundão, desenhada num quartzodiorito de forte componente biotítica, provando ainda, de uma forma inequívoca a existência, também no interior do Portugal Central, de alvéolos de dimensões significativas. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_2
Turismo, saúde e bem-estar: um mar de oportunidades no Município de Sines
Authors: Brito Mónica Belchior Morais de 
Published: December 2015

A atual perceção de saúde, de acordo com o conceito da OMS, constitui uma oportunidade para o desenvolvimento dos territórios, nomeadamente na perspetiva do Turismo, podendo estimular a emergência de produtos turísticos, como o Turismo de Saúde e Bem-estar, que em complementaridade com outros, contribuem para a sua reinvenção e diferenciação e, consequentemente para a sua competitividade. Por outro lado, a aposta na produtização dos recursos naturais, nomeadamente do mar, em abordagens distintas das convencionais, pode alavancar o desenvolvimento turístico sustentável dos destinos, na medida em que fomentam a diversificação da oferta e aumentam a sua atratividade. No âmbito de um estudo realizado sobre o Município de Sines, com o objetivo de definir políticas e práticas para o desenvolvimento turístico deste território, este produto turístico surge, em complementaridade com outros, como uma via de sustentabilidade, associado em particular à talassoterapia, uma prática milenar revisitada na pós-modernidade, com capacidade para alavancar uma oferta diferenciada e competitiva com caraterísticas dissuasoras da sazonalidade e potenciadoras do aumento do tempo de estada dos visitantes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_4
O reforço do turismo como setor estruturante em Évora
Authors: Simplício Maria Domingas , Camelo Nuno Sobral 
Published: December 2015

Sendo inquestionável a atração turística que a cidade de Évora e, em particular, o seu centro histórico de há muito exerce, o presente estudo procura refletir sobre a forma como, ao longo dos últimos 30 anos, o setor do turismo, quer como atividade económica, quer em termos da estrutura funcional urbana, tem reforçado o seu peso, relativo e absoluto, como setor estruturante na cidade.Nesse sentido, e tendo presente, por um lado o conjunto dos elementos patrimoniais e monumentais da cidade e, por outro, a sua evolução demográfica recente, procedeu-se a uma avaliação da ocorrência e distribuição das funções urbanas mais interligadas com o setor do turismo no período entre 1985 (antes da classificação do Centro Histórico de Évora como Património Mundial) e 2014, tendo 2012 como data de referência intercalar, por marcar o evidente reflexo na situação atual dos constrangimentos económicos e financeiros. No final, procura-se evidenciar algumas perspetivas sobre o que, para a área temática em análise, se pode esperar para a sua evolução nos próximos anos. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_5
A diáspora africana numa trajetória geográfica, territorial e libertadora: da África ao Brasil: a liberdade em Redenção
Authors: Bastos Ana Paula Pinto 
Published: December 2015

A análise refere-se a um estudo de uma das trajetórias geográficas das imigrações africanas que chamamos de involuntárias e está embasado em autores como Rogério Haesbaert, João Luís Fernandes, Rafael Sanzio entre outros geógrafos e historiadores que realizam estudos sobre o tema “território” e “diásporas”. Alexandre Marcussi e Gilberto Freyre através de discussões sobre pluralidade étnica e pluralidade cultural brasileira envolveram estudos na temática “território”, não apenas como definido e delimitado a partir de relações de poder, mas como resultado da ação de um grupoo social. A escravatura deixou uma memória que se inscreve na paisagem cultural brasileira polissêmica, com uma diversidade que culminou na diferença de povos, línguas, cultos religiosos, hábitos alimentares e até na musicalidade. Ou senão uma pluralidade de territórios com múltiplas paisagens geográficas. Todavia, a distribuição dos conteúdos a serem analisados está seccionada em: conceito geográfico de diáspora; territorialização da diáspora; reterritorialização e alguns aspectos da libertação em Redenção/Ceará/Brasil. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_7
Fatores de controlo sobre a localização de grandes complexos de ravinas: uma análise com base em reconstrução topográfica e regressão logística
Authors: Bergonse Rafaello , Reis Eusébio 
Published: December 2015

As formações sedimentares terciárias das bacias hidrográficas das ribeiras de Ulme e do Vale do Casal Velho, na margem esquerda da bacia do baixo Tejo, são afetadas por centenas de complexos de ravinas, com dimensões que variam desde pouco menos de 200 m2 até mais de 3 ha de extensão contínua. Estas formas apresentam-se com os fundos assoreados e cobertos de vegetação, evidenciando atividade apenas nas cabeceiras e paredes, na forma de movimentos de massa. No presente trabalho são investigados os fatores responsáveis pela localização destes sistemas de ravinas nas respet ivas bacias. Com base na vectorização de 90 dest as formas a partir de ortofotografias, investigou-se a influência da topografia pré-erosão, expressa na forma de 8 possíveis variáveis de controlo, com recurso a regressão logística.Os resultados indicam que a topografia antecedente terá exercido um efeito significativo na determinação dos locais de iniciação destas formas. Esta iniciação terá estado relacionada com um entalhe na rede de drenagem das bacias, originando instabilidade lateral ao longo dos canais. Em locais relativamente declivosos e propensos à acumulação de escoamento sub-superficial, esta instabilidade ter-se-á traduzido no surgimento de ravinas de desnível, percursoras dos grandes complexos de ravinas que hoje evoluem nas vertentes. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/0871-1623_34_8