bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alzheimer’s disease: as it was in the beginning
Authors: Kozlov Stanislav , Afonin Alexei , Evsyukov Igor , Bondarenko Andrei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSince Alzheimer’s disease was first described in 1907, many attempts have been made to reveal its main cause. Nowadays, two forms of the disease are known, and while the hereditary form of the disease is clearly caused by mutations in one of several genes, the etiology of the sporadic form remains a mystery. Both forms share similar sets of neuropathological and molecular manifestations, including extracellular deposition of amyloid-beta, intracellular accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, disturbances in both the structure and functions of mitochondria, oxidative stress, metal ion metabolism disorders, impairment of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-related signaling pathways, abnormalities of lipid metabolism, and aberrant cell cycle reentry in some neurons. Such a diversity of symptoms led to proposition of various hypotheses for explaining the development of Alzheimer’s disease, the amyloid hypothesis, which postulates the key role of amyloid-beta in Alzheimer’s disease development, being the most prominent. However, this hypothesis does not fully explain all of the molecular abnormalities and is therefore heavily criticized. In this review, we propose a hypothetical model of Alzheimer’s disease progression, assuming a key role of age-related mitochondrial dysfunction, as was postulated in the mitochondrial cascade hypothesis. Our model explains the connections between all the symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease, with particular attention to autophagy, metal metabolism disorders, and aberrant cell cycle re-entry in neurons. Progression of the Alzheimer’s disease appears to be a complex process involving aging and too many protective mechanisms affecting one another, thereby leading to even greater deleterious effects.
The role of diaspore banks for the restoration of floodplain meadows. Results of a long term monitoring on the Northern Upper Rhine (Germany)
Authors: Schneider-Binder Erika 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The reconnection of the inner area of the island Kühkopf/Northern Upper Rhine to the hydrological dynamic of the river was the beginning of a large scale restoration programme for turning back to the previous vegetation – floodplain meadows. From the various aspects of the restoration are presented the succession phases; species with their different type of dispersal are analysed as well. A special attention is given to the role of diaspores of the soil, which play an important role in the redevelopment of floodplain meadows. Species of the diaspore bank can recur after many years, if favourable conditions are available. These are related to floods, dryness and rooting up by wild boar with the development of micro-succession stages.
Evaluation of mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus mortality rate in the face of lethal concentration of deltamethrin and diazinon toxins
Authors: Hosseinnia Zeinab , Tarkhani Reza , Darabitabar Fatemeh , Poorhoseni Mohmmod , Hedayati Aliakbar 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Because of huge consumption for agricultural purpose, presence of pesticides in surface waters of Golestan province (north east of Iran) is very common. These pesticides finally could be stored in aquatic ecosystems and have proven toxic effects on aquatic animals. Culex quinquefasciatus is one of the most common aquatic insects living mainly in the wetlands. The aim of this study was to determine the acute toxicity of deltamethrin and diazinon as potentially perilous organic pesticides and to assess mortality effects of these chemicals on the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus in the form of LC50.
The crystal structures of carbonyl iron powder – revised usingin situsynchrotron XRPD
Authors: König René , Müller Stefan , Dinnebier Robert E. , Hinrichsen Bernd , Müller Philipp , Ribbens Annette , Hwang Jaehyung , Liebscher Ralf , Etter Martin , Pistidda Claudio 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlthough carbonyl iron powder (CIP) is an old material for magnetic applications (e.g. inductor cores), the structure of this material is still described controversially in literature. On the first glance a greyish powder exhibiting a spherical structure, CIP reveals on the second glance a nanoscopic crystalline sub-structure. The material itself contains carbon and nitrogen and its structure is described as an onion-type structure. However, the nature of the different shells and clarity on the nature of the involved carbidic and/or nitridic phases, be they crystalline, amorphous or solid solutions has not yet been achieved. In addition, it is known, that CIP transforms in H2-atmosphere to a “soft” grade, consisting of pure Fe. Again, chemical and microstructural knowledge on the transition from the “hard” to the “soft” CIP is lacking. This leads to the motivation of this study: 1. Unambiguously identify the nature and existence of the involved phases in the unreduced and hard carbonyl iron powder and in the reduced and soft iron powder particles 2. Characterize the phase transformations and microstructural changes of CIP during the thermic treatment in a hydrogen atmosphere. Different techniques were used to clarify the above mentioned points like in-situ synchrotron XRPD accompanied by electron microscopy techniques.
Trunk Muscle Activation in the Back and Hack Squat at the Same Relative Loads
Authors: Clark David R. , Lambert Michael I. , Hunter Angus M. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Clark, DR, Lambert, MI, and Hunter, AM. Trunk muscle activation in the back and hack squat at the same relative loads. J Strength Cond Res 33(7S): S60–S69, 2019—The hack squat (HS) is likely to produce a greater 1 repetition maximum (1RM) compared with the back squat (BS). This can be attributed to the support of the trunk during the HS compared with no support during BS. This support, however, may compromise trunk muscle activation (TMA), therefore producing different training adaptations. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to compare 1RM in BS and HS and TMA at 4 relative loads, 65, 75, 85, and 95% of maximal system mass. Ten males completed 3 test sessions: (a) BS and HS 1RM, (b) HS and BS neuromuscular test familiarization, and (c) neuromuscular test for 3 reps at 4 loads for BS and HS. Back squat TMA was significantly greater (p ≤ 0.05) than HS for all muscles and phases except rectus abdominus in concentric phase. Trunk muscle activation increased (p ≤ 0.05) with load in all muscles for both exercises and phases apart from lumbar sacral erector spinae in HS eccentric phase. Mean HS 1RM and submaximal loads were significantly (p < 0.0001) higher than the equivalent BS loads. Duration of the eccentric phase was higher (p < 0.01) in HS than BS but not different in concentric phase. Duration increased significantly (p < 0.01) with load in both exercises and both phases. Despite higher absolute tests loads in HS, TMA was higher in BS. Trunk muscle activation is sensitive to load in both exercises. Back squat is more effective than HS in activating the muscles of the trunk and therefore, arguably more effective in developing trunk strength and stability for dynamic athletic performance.
The Nuclear and Mitochondrial Genomes of the Facultatively Eusocial Orchid BeeEuglossa dilemma
Authors: Brand Philipp , Saleh Nicholas , Pan Hailin , Li Cai , Kapheim Karen M , Ramírez Santiago R 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBees provide indispensable pollination services to both agricultural crops and wild plant populations, and several species of bees have become important models for the study of learning and memory, plant–insect interactions, and social behavior. Orchid bees (Apidae: Euglossini) are especially important to the fields of pollination ecology, evolution, and species conservation. Here we report the nuclear and mitochondrial genome sequences of the orchid bee Euglossa dilemma Bembé & Eltz. E. dilemma was selected because it is widely distributed, highly abundant, and it was recently naturalized in the southeastern United States. We provide a high-quality assembly of the 3.3 Gb genome, and an official gene set of 15,904 gene annotations. We find high conservation of gene synteny with the honey bee throughout 80 MY of divergence time. This genomic resource represents the first draft genome of the orchid bee genus Euglossa, and the first draft orchid bee mitochondrial genome, thus representing a valuable resource to the research community.
Increasing the church’s relevance and impact in poor-resource areas by adding sexual reproductive health to missional activities
Authors: Docking Margaret Lynne 
Published: July 2017

Life saving midwifery knowledge must reach the key influential stakeholders in developing countries if the maternal death rate is to be reduced. The church holds the influence and has the networks and training institutions that can be fully expanded to add sexual reproductive health into their existing studies. This field report documents the author's own sad experiences with maternal deaths in Uganda which has led her toward promoting midwifery knowledge among the church leaders. We have neglected to fully respect culture by avoiding men in our discussions around sex pregnancy birth and family planning. The critical mass of men are our channels to save the mothers, reduce teenage pregnancies, abandoned babies and orphaned children. Christian leaders are the cultural gate keepers and builders of the faith. Our basic training in sexual reproductive health allows men to debate the Bible, their faith, traditional practises and expectations in a safe non-threatening environment. They can then make their own wise decisions about family size. “Without knowledge our people perish.” (Hosea 4:6) If we don’t urgently add the lifesaving knowledge of family planning and Gods wonderful design of our sexuality for true love union we cannot expect to reduce the maternal deaths and overwhelming poverty. Our command is to teach the whole truth because the truth will set us free. (John 8:32).
A cobertura jornalística de catástrofes ambientais: entre a vigilância e a espetacularização da notícia
Authors: Bueno Wilson Costa 
Published: July 2017

A cobertura jornalística das catástrofes ambientais tem oscilado entre a espetacularização da notícia e a vigilância cívica, buscando compatibilizar duas características comuns à prática da imprensa: atrair e sensibilizar a audiência com a divulgação abusiva dos impactos da tragédia e analisar as suas causas, identificando, quando possível, os responsáveis pela sua ocorrência. Este artigo evidencia o caráter midiático das catástrofes ambientais e, a partir de um caso específico (o rompimento de uma barragem no Estado de Minas Gerais, no Brasil), relata o importante papel da imprensa no sentido de elucidar os fatos e punir os responsáveis.
Mthembu v Letsela: The non-decision
Authors: Van Rensburg AM Janse 
Published: July 2017

The debate concerning the apparent conflict between equality (section 9 of the
Constitution of the Republic of South Africa 108 of 1996) and culture (sections 30 and 31 of the 1996 Constitution) is ongoing. This debate, in many ways foreseen, was preempted by the Constitutional Court per Sachs J in Du Plessis and Others v de Klerk and Another 1996 3 SA 850 (CC), when he stated that " . . . sooner or later, the question of the relationship between the Constitution and customary or indigenous law will have to be confronted."
The purpose of this note is to analyse the decisions of the courts, with reference to a discussion of the rules of customary intestate succession and the requirements for a valid customary marriage, and then to propose a possible different outcome which, if applied by the courts, would have been beneficial to all the parties involved. This then leads to a proposal of an alternative remedy to the postulated problem.
Revisión del abordaje terapéutico mediante el principio vojta sobre las alteraciones de la marcha en pacientes neurológicos
Authors: Sanz Esteban Ismael , Rodríguez Sanz David , Andrades Jorge Patricia , Calvo Lobo César 
Published: July 2017

Objetivos: Revisar en la bibliografía el abordaje terapéutico del principio Vojta y la importancia de la activación de los programas motores innatos para la mejora funcional de la marcha.Métodos: Se recopilan los datos tras una búsqueda en las bases PUBMED, MEDLINE, otros recursos como Google Scholar y la biblioteca de la Universidad Europea de Madrid, siguiendo los criterios Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) y checklist. Se recogen los datos durante los meses de enero y febrero del 2017.Resultados: Tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión resultan relevantes 3 tesis doctorales, 35 artículos y 7 libros de las distintas bases de datos. Durante la terapia de locomoción refleja (TLR) parece producirse una importante activación del sistema nervioso central (SNC) posiblemente debido a la influencia de la postura y la activación de los puntos de estímulo. Toda la información aferente propioceptiva podría provocar la respuesta innata de los complejos de coordinación locomotores que utiliza el ser humano durante la marcha.Conclusiones: Los pacientes con alteraciones neurológicas podrían beneficiarse de la terapia Vojta (TV) al obtener mejorías en diferentes parámetros de la marcha. La TV podría conseguir activar zonas a nivel cortical y subcortical que intervienen durante el movimiento locomotor. Son necesarios ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que aumenten la evidencia científica de la terapia Vojta en los patrones de marcha de patologías neurológicas.
Arquivos institucionais do acervo do Centro de Memória da Educação da Faculdade de Educação/USP
Authors: Moraes Carmen Sylvia Vidigal 
Published: July 2017

Arquivo Institucional João Penteado: A documentação que compõe o Acervo João Penteado do CME/FEUSP foi doada, em 2005, por herdeiros do educador anarquista João de Camargo Penteado (1877-1965). Os documentos cobrem toda a existência da instituição escolar dirigida por Penteado, que vai de 1912 (quando foi fundada por anarquistas com o nome de Escola Moderna Nº 1) a 2002 (quando o Colégio Saldanha Marinho encerrou suas atividades).
Protective effects of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells of mice on periventricular leukomalacia model in vitro
Authors: Tsupykov O. , Lushnikova I. , Ustymenko A. , Kyryk V. , Nikandrova Y. , Patseva M. , Yatsenko K. , Butenko G. , Skibo G. 
Published: July 2017

Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a form of white matter lesions of the brain that results from hypoxic-ischemic injury and/or inflammation of nervous tissue, and is one of the causes of cerebral palsy. On PVL models in vivo, we have demonstrated neuroprotective effect of transplantation of adipose-derived multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MMSCs). However, the mechanisms, which realize neuroprotective effect of transplanted MMSCs, remain unexplored.The aim was to assess the influence of adipose-derived MMSCs on cultured mouse brain slices at their contact co-culturing on PVL models in vitro.Methods. Periventricular leukomalacia in vitro was modelled by a 30-minute oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) of mouse brain slices, followed by the addition of 100 ng/ml LPS in culture medium. For co-cultivation we used adipose-derived MMSCs obtained from mice FVB-Cg-Tg (GFPU) 5Nagy/J, transgenic for green fluorescent protein (GFP). The viability of cultured sections cells was evaluated by analysing the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the culture medium. Probable MMSCs differentiation into neurons and glial cells was studied using immunohistochemical staining of slices using specific antibodies to neurons and oligodendrocytes (NeuN and Oligodendrocytes, respectively).Results. Modelling of PVL in vitro on organotypic culture of brain slices led to a significant increase in level of cytosolic enzyme LDH in the culture medium. Co-cultivation of slices with MMSCs at PVL reduced the amount of this enzyme. Furthermore, it is shown that under conditions of PVL in vitro, MMSCs are able to differentiate into cells of nervous tissue.Conclusions. Adipose-derived MMSCs have protective effect when they are co-cultivated with the mice brain slices on PVL model in vitro.
Lev Tolstói pelo prisma da literatura contemporânea: analise da poética dos gêneros documentais.
Authors: Vassina Elena 
Published: July 2017

RESUMOO objetivo deste artigo é explorar a poética da literatura documental, nonfiction, e, mais especificamente, a poética da narrativa biográfica representada nos livros The Last Station, de Jay Parini, A fuga do paraíso, de Pavel Bassínski e Retirar-se de todos: Lev Tolstói como peregrino russo, de Igor Vólguin. Todas as obras tratam dos últimos anos da vida de Lev Tolstói e baseiam-se nos fatos reais, diários do escritor, documentos, depoimentos e memórias, tentando reduzir ao mínimo a invenção criativa. Juntos, os livros formam um único metatexto documentalístico, que integra diferentes, e às vezes opostos, pontos de vista em relação à figura magistral de Tolstói. Os fundamentos teóricos da analise do gênero da literatura documental foram construídos a partir das abordagens elaboradas pelos formalistas e semioticistas russos.
ENDURING CLIMATE CHANGE AND FOOD INSECURITY THROUGH CHARCOAL PRODUCTION: A POVERTY COPING STRATEGY OF RELUCTANTINDIGENOUS WOMEN IN THE PHILIPPINES
Authors: Lumbo Susanita G. 
Published: July 2017

This case study looked into the Philippines’ indigenous women’s understanding of charcoal production and its connection to climate change. This specifically determined their level of knowledge of and attitude towards climate change and perception on the effects of climate change on health, livelihood, and environment.

The study employed triangulation method consisting of household interview, field observation, and key informant interview. Twenty-four women belonging to Hanunuo and Ratagnon Mangyan tribes served as participants of the study. They were fairly young, married, lowly educated, and had bigger households. Their primary sources of income included slash-and-burn farming and charcoal making. Their monthly family income fell below the poverty threshold.

The women were reluctant charcoal makers pushed to the limits due to lack of economic options. They had “very high” knowledge about climate change but had “neutral” attitude towards it. They agreed charcoal production contributes to climate change. They already felt the phenomenon’s manifest effects on their health, livelihood, and environment. However, they needed to endure these while they cope with poverty and food insecurity. They lamented charcoal production is their only available option for their survival as upland farming is no longer viable. They hoped they can avail of livelihood options, which do not entail extraction of natural resources.
Usaha Kaum Mudo Minangkabau dalam Pembaharuan Pendidikan Islam dan Implikasinya terhadap Pelayanan Bimbingan dan Konseling
Authors: Arnelis Arnelis , Marjohan Marjohan , Syahniar Syahniar 
Published: July 2017

Lembaga pendidikan Islam di Minangkabau pada awal abad 20 yaitu surau, masih tradisional dan sangat sederhana sekali dilaksanakan secara informal dalam rangka dakwah Islam. Pendidikan dimulai dengan mempelajari abjad huruf Arab dan bacanan kitab suci al-Qur’an. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan pengajian kitab-kitab lain, seperti kitab fiqh, Nahu, Sharaf, dan tasauf. Ilmu pengetahuan umum sama sekali belum diajarkan di lembaga pendidikan ini. Berdasarkan kondisi tersebut, maka kaum mudo Minangkabau melakukan pembaharuan terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Usaha ini tidak terlepas dari konsep manusia sebagai khalifah di muka bumi yang bertugas mengatur dan menjalani kehidupan secara baik. Menjalani kehidupan secara baik tentunya manusia secara umum dan murid di madrasah/ sekolah secara khusus membutuhkan arahan dalam mewujudkan dirinya untuk melaksanakan tugas-tugas sebagai khalifah tersebut. Pelayanan bimbingan konseling di madrasah/ sekolah memegang peranan dalam membantu siswa agar dapat mengenal dan menerima diri sendiri, mengenal dan menerima lingkungan secara positif dan dinamis, serta mampu mengambil keputusan, mengarahkan dan mewujudkan diri sendiri secara efektif dan produktif sesuai dengan peran yang diinginkanya di masa depan. Usaha pembaharuan pendidikan tentunya akan berhasil lebih baik jika dalam pelaksanaannya mengacu pada konsep pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat bagaimana bentuk pembaharuan pendidikan yang dilakukan Kaum Mudo Minangkabau serta implikasinya terhadap pelayanan bimbingan dan konseling. Pemilihan permasalah ini sebagai kajian penelitian karena pembaharuan yang dilaksanakan Kaum Mudo Minangkabau ini merupakan awal kebangkitan pendidikan Islam di Indonesia dan nuansa madrasah yang dikembangkan dalam gerakan pembaharuan ini menjadi corak terhadap kemanjuan pendidikan nasional di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode penelitian sejarah, dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pembaharuan pendidikan Islam di Minangkabau dilakukan secara bertahap dengan mengacu kepada pembaharuan terhadap lembaga, metode dan materi pendidikan yang dilaksanakan. Usaha pembaharuan belum menunjukan hasil yang memuaskan untuk madrasah sekarang ini meskipun sudah digalakan sejak lama. Konsep pelayanan bimbingan konseling belum tersentuh dalam usaha pembaharuan ini. Tentunya ke depan pelayanan bimbingan konseling lebih diperkuat untuk mencapai madrasah yang lebih baik dan bermutu.
A Systematic Review of Electromyography Studies in Normal Shoulders to Inform Postoperative Rehabilitation Following Rotator Cuff Repair
Authors: Edwards Peter K. , Ebert Jay R. , Littlewood Chris , Ackland Tim , Wang Allan 
Published: July 2017

Study Design Systematic review. Background Electromyography (EMG) has previously been used to guide postoperative rehabilitation progression following rotator cuff repair to prevent deleterious loading of early surgical repair. Objective To review the current literature investigating EMG during rehabilitation exercises in normal shoulders, and to identify exercises that meet a cut point of 15% maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) or less and are unlikely to result in excessive loading in the early postoperative stages. Methods An electronic search of MEDLINE via Ovid, Embase, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and the Cochrane Library for all years up to June 2016 was performed. Studies were selected in relation to predefined selection criteria. Pooled mean MVICs were reported and classified as low (0%–15% MVIC), low to moderate (16%–20% MVIC), moderate (21%–40% MVIC), high (41%–60% MVIC), and very high (greater than 60% MVIC). Results A search identified 2159 studies. After applying the selection criteria, 20 studies were included for quality assessment, data extraction, and data synthesis. In total, 43 exercises spanning passive range of motion, active-assisted range of motion, and strengthening exercises were evaluated. Out of 13 active-assisted exercises, 9 were identified as suitable (15% MVIC or less) to load the supraspinatus and 10 as suitable to load the infraspinatus early after surgery. All exercises were placed in a theoretical-continuum model, by which general recommendations could be made for prescription in patients post rotator cuff repair. Conclusion This review identified passive and active-assisted exercises that may be appropriate in the early stages after rotator cuff repair. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2017;47(12):931–944. Epub 13 Jul 2017. doi:10.2519/jospt.2017.7271