bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A review of three cases of mobile blast: The new culprit of hand injury
Authors: Mody Nikunj B. , Patil Surendra B. , Kale Satish M. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough blast injuries are common with war; cooking gas; firecracker, mobile phone blast cases are increasing in number in last couple of years. We present 3 cases of mobile blast in 3 children causing injury to dominant hand in them.
Three rare cases of cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis
Authors: Chhonkar Aditi , Kataria Deepti , Tambe Swagata , Nayak Chitra S. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTPhaeohyphomycosis is a chronic infectious condition caused by dematiaceous fungi which usually involve the skin and subcutaneous tissue. Subcutaneous phaeohyphomycosis is characterised by papulonodules, verrucous, hyperkeratotic or ulcerated plaques, cysts, abscesses, pyogranuloma, non-healing ulcers or sinuses. In India, commonly associated genera are Exophiala, Phialophora, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Fonsecaea and Alternaria. This condition involves the presence of brown-walled hyphal structures in the dermis and epidermis. Here, we are reporting a rare case series of three patients of phaeohyphomycosis with lesions on finger and dorsum of the hand.
One plus one: Two free flaps from same donor thigh for simultaneous coverage of two different defects
Authors: Bandi Susmitha , Rao Rayidi Venkata Koteswara , Reddy Damalacheruvu Mukunda 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Primary microvascular reconstruction of multiple defects is challenging particularly if it has to be simultaneous. In trauma cases, harvesting two independent free flaps from different sites is very time-consuming and adds to morbidity. To eliminate these disadvantages, we sought to find out a reliable alternative method of harvesting two independent free flaps based on the descending branch of circumflex femoral artery, i.e., one anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap and one rectus femoris muscle flap. Aim: To study the feasibility of transferring two free flaps, i.e., ALT and rectus femoris muscle flap simultaneously from the same thigh for coverage of two different limb defects. Materials and Methods: From 2003 to 2012, five patients with two defects each were managed with a total of ten flaps harvested from five donor sites based on independent pedicles of descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery and used to cover severe injuries of extremities. Three cases had both lower limb defects and two cases had one upper limb and one lower limb defect. In each case, one ALT flap and one rectus femoris muscle flap were used for coverage. Results: All reconstructive procedures were completed without any major complications. All flaps survived well. There were no re-explorations and no complications related to donor sites. Conclusion: We conclude that our approach of simultaneous harvest of ALT and rectus femoris muscle from the same thigh offers two flaps for two different defects in terms of economy of donor site and operating time.
Transmission de Bartonella spp par les tiques : mythe ou réalité ?
Authors: Vayssier-Taussat Muriel , Raoult Didier 
Published: September 2016

Les bactéries du genre Bartonella infectent un très grand nombre d’espèces de mammifères y compris l’Homme au sein desquelles elle est transmise par le biais de la piqûre d’un arthropode hématophage. Les tiques sont les premiers vecteurs d’agents pathogènes en Europe et de nombreuses études ont suggéré leur rôle dans la transmission de certaines espèces de Bartonella. Chez l’Homme, les symptômes causés par l’infection par Bartonella sont très divers et dépendent de l’espèce incriminée et de l’état immunitaire de la personne infectée. Dans l’étude présentée ici nous avons isolé des espèces de
Bartonella d’origine animale chez des patients souffrant de symptômes chroniques non spécifiques dont l’apparition était consécutive à une piqûre de tiques. Parmi ces espèces certaines n’avaient jamais été isolées chez l’homme.
Morality, justice and the challenge of execution of witches in Africa
Authors: Olanipekun Victor Olusola 
Published: September 2016

The question whether justice can be completely detached from morality seems to be relevant to the discussion of the issues that surround the execution of witches in Africa. In spite the widespread belief in witchcraft in African societies, it is apparent that part of the West as well as the Judeo-Christian traditions also support this view. However, this does not remove the fact that, there are thousands of individuals who are still sceptical about such belief. This paper agrees with the view of those who believe the existence of witchcraft. Thus, despite the fact that many scholars have written on the existence of witchcraft in Africa, little or no attention has been paid to the question of moral implications of executing witches in Africa. An attempt to fill this gap facilitates an investigation into the nexus between morality and social justice. The fundamental problem now is, is it morally right to kill? Should witches be killed? If witches should be executed, are there moral and legal bases for such killing? How should we account for the question of sanctity of human life? In this paper, effort shall be made to answer these fundamental questions. The methods employed in this research are critical analysis, philosophical argumentation and conceptual clarification.Keywords: witchcraft, morality, law, society, justice, religion
La recuperación del cómic: Neutelings & Riedijk, Sanaa y Lebbeus Woods
Authors: Escoda Pastor Carmen 
Published: September 2016

<p>La recuperación de las historias dibujadas , que hoy conocemos como Cómic, ha permitido dotar a la representación arquitectónica de un gran potencial expresivo, que actúa como apoyo y transmisión de ideas y conceptos de una manera fácil y atractiva.<strong> </strong><strong></strong></p><p>Los arquitectos comienzan a manejar el lenguaje del cómic como medio de comunicación, en los manifiestos revolucionarios de Archigram, en el <em>story-board</em> de Superstudio, en los <em>comics-books </em>de Koolhaas y del grupo Big, en las llamativas viñetas de Neutelings &amp; Riedijk y de Sanaa y en la invención de ciudades imaginarias de Lebbeus Woods.</p><p>El cómic es representado o bien en forma de viñetas, o bien con un enfoque más diagramático, o siguiendo el más puro estilo del cómic popular. Los diferentes grafismos utilizados son un ejemplo de su aportación al lenguaje arquitectónico contemporáneo<strong> </strong>como vehículo de investigación y de expresión de la esencia del proyecto.</p>
Biogenic halocarbons from the Peruvian upwelling region as tropospheric halogen source
Authors: Hepach Helmke , Quack Birgit , Tegtmeier Susann , Engel Anja , Bracher Astrid , Fuhlbrügge Steffen , Galgani Luisa , Atlas Elliot L. , Lampel Johannes , Frieß Udo , Krüger Kirstin 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. Halocarbons are produced naturally in the oceans by biological and chemical processes. They are emitted from surface seawater into the atmosphere, where they take part in numerous chemical processes such as ozone destruction and the oxidation of mercury and dimethyl sulfide. Here we present oceanic and atmospheric halocarbon data for the Peruvian upwelling zone obtained during the M91 cruise onboard the research vessel METEOR in December 2012. Surface waters during the cruise were characterized by moderate concentrations of bromoform (CHBr3) and dibromomethane (CH2Br2) correlating with diatom biomass derived from marker pigment concentrations, which suggests this phytoplankton group is a likely source. Concentrations measured for the iodinated compounds methyl iodide (CH3I) of up to 35.4 pmol L−1, chloroiodomethane (CH2ClI) of up to 58.1 pmol L−1 and diiodomethane (CH2I2) of up to 32.4 pmol L−1 in water samples were much higher than previously reported for the tropical Atlantic upwelling systems. Iodocarbons also correlated with the diatom biomass and even more significantly with dissolved organic matter (DOM) components measured in the surface water. Our results suggest a biological source of these compounds as a significant driving factor for the observed large iodocarbon concentrations. Elevated atmospheric mixing ratios of CH3I (up to 3.2 ppt), CH2ClI (up to 2.5 ppt) and CH2I2 (3.3 ppt) above the upwelling were correlated with seawater concentrations and high sea-to-air fluxes. During the first part of the cruise, the enhanced iodocarbon production in the Peruvian upwelling contributed significantly to tropospheric iodine levels, while this contribution was considerably smaller during the second part.
Global impacts of tropospheric halogens (Cl, Br, I) on oxidants and composition in GEOS-Chem
Authors: Sherwen Tomás , Schmidt Johan A. , Evans Mat J. , Carpenter Lucy J. , Großmann Katja , Eastham Sebastian D. , Jacob Daniel J. , Dix Barbara , Koenig Theodore K. , Sinreich Roman , Ortega Ivan , Volkamer Rainer , Saiz-Lopez Alfonso , Prados-Roman Cristina , Mahajan Anoop S. , Ordóñez Carlos 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. We present a simulation of the global present-day composition of the troposphere which includes the chemistry of halogens (Cl, Br, I). Building on previous work within the GEOS-Chem model we include emissions of inorganic iodine from the oceans, anthropogenic and biogenic sources of halogenated gases, gas phase chemistry, and a parameterised approach to heterogeneous halogen chemistry. Consistent with Schmidt et al. (2016) we do not include sea-salt debromination. Observations of halogen radicals (BrO, IO) are sparse but the model has some skill in reproducing these. Modelled IO shows both high and low biases when compared to different datasets, but BrO concentrations appear to be modelled low. Comparisons to the very sparse observations dataset of reactive Cl species suggest the model represents a lower limit of the impacts of these species, likely due to underestimates in emissions and therefore burdens. Inclusion of Cl, Br, and I results in a general improvement in simulation of ozone (O3) concentrations, except in polar regions where the model now underestimates O3 concentrations. Halogen chemistry reduces the global tropospheric O3 burden by 18.6 %, with the O3 lifetime reducing from 26 to 22 days. Global mean OH concentrations of 1.28  ×  106 molecules cm−3 are 8.2 % lower than in a simulation without halogens, leading to an increase in the CH4 lifetime (10.8 %) due to OH oxidation from 7.47 to 8.28 years. Oxidation of CH4 by Cl is small (∼  2 %) but Cl oxidation of other VOCs (ethane, acetone, and propane) can be significant (∼  15–27 %). Oxidation of VOCs by Br is smaller, representing 3.9 % of the loss of acetaldehyde and 0.9 % of the loss of formaldehyde.
Screening of cloud microorganisms isolated at the Puy de Dôme (France) station for the production of biosurfactants
Authors: Renard Pascal , Canet Isabelle , Sancelme Martine , Wirgot Nolwenn , Deguillaume Laurent , Delort Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. A total of 480 microorganisms collected from 39 clouds sampled at the Puy de Dôme station (alt. 1465 m; 45°46′19′′ N, 2°57′52′′ E; Massif Central, France) were isolated and identified. This unique collection was screened for biosurfactant (surfactants of microbial origin) production by measuring the surface tension (σ) of the crude extracts, comprising the supernatants of the pure cultures, using the pendant drop technique. The results showed that 41 % of the tested strains were active producers (σ < 55 mN m−1), with 7 % being extremely active (σ < 30 mN m−1). The most efficient biosurfactant producers (σ < 45 mN m−1) belong to a few bacterial genera (Pseudomonas and Xanthomonas) from the Υ-Proteobacteria class (78 %) and a yeast genus (Udeniomyces) from the Basidiomycota phylum (11 %). Some Bacillus strains from the Firmicutes phylum were also active but represented a small fraction of the collected population. Strains from the Actinobacteria phylum in the collection examined in the present study showed moderate biosurfactant production (45<σ < 55 mN m−1). Pseudomonas (Υ-Proteobacteria), the most frequently detected genus in clouds, with some species issued from the phyllosphere, was the dominant group for the production of biosurfactants. We observed some correlations between the chemical composition of cloud water and the presence of biosurfactant-producing microorganisms, suggesting the “biogeography” of this production. Moreover, the potential impact of the production of biosurfactants by cloud microorganisms on atmospheric processes is discussed.
Academic Satisfaction of Latino Students: Differences and Predictors
Authors: Edens David , Allen Michael , Steen James 
Published: September 2016

<p class="2M-body">Using multiple hierarchical regression, this study investigated how Latino/a students’ characteristics, academic major, campus climate, and faculty interactions explained the variance in students’ levels of satisfaction with advising, course availability, and instruction at highly selective institutions. Latino/a students’ satisfaction was found to significantly differ from some of their peers, but not from other White students. The regressions found that campus climate was the most significant predictor of all three areas, followed by student-faculty interactions.</p>
Learning to Teach Music in the Context of High-Needs Schools in a Post-Student Teaching Internship
Authors: Abramo Joseph M. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This case study examined five preservice music teachers’ experiences with and perceptions of a post-student teaching internship in a high-needs school district, as well as what the participants believed the post-student teaching internship provided them that student teaching placements in thriving programs did not. Participants became frustrated with the school climate created by other professionals—not students—and by music’s inferior status within the district. The frustration with music’s “second-tier” status, in comparison to subjects evaluated through standardized tests, might be an added stress preservice music teachers experience in high-needs schools. These findings might suggest that the praxis shock participants experienced arose from their noninstructional duties and the district culture, not from the classroom. Preparation for high-needs settings perhaps includes developing what might be called “culturally relevant professionalism,” which systematically investigates sociocultural contexts to help preservice teachers learn the noninstructional roles of navigating district cultures.
A case of secondary diabetes mellitus associated with chronic arsenic toxicity
Authors: Moorman John Michael , Boros Melanie L. , Ciltea Daniela , Taverna Josephine , Haller Nairmeen Awad 
Published: September 2016

Chronic arsenic exposure leads to systemic illness involving multiple organ systems, and has been associated with the development of diabetes mellitus (DM). While the majority of the literature surrounding arsenic-induced DM is from areas where the arsenic content of drinking water is high, population-based studies in North America have shown a similar association. Here, we present a case of newly-diagnosed DM thought to be secondary to chronic arsenic exposure. The patient was a previously healthy 54-year-old female who presented with progressive fatigue, weight loss and anorexia, and eventually developed colitis, cachexia, skin eruptions, and alopecia. She was also diagnosed with DM, and treatment was complicated by episodes of severe hyper- and hypoglycemia. She was evaluated for autoimmune, rheumatologic, oncologic, and infectious etiologies of her symptoms, all of which were negative. Also negative was an extensive workup for secondary causes of DM. During her final hospitalization, she underwent a workup for heavy metal toxicity, which revealed elevated serum (11 mcg/L, reference range < 5 mcg/L) and urine (233.5 mcg/gram creatinine, reference range < 50 mcg/gram creatinine) arsenic levels. A diagnosis of arsenic toxicity was made, and the patient underwent chelation therapy with British anti-Lewisite (BAL). This is an interesting case of DM that was thought to be secondary to chronic arsenic exposure. While BAL was effective at lowering arsenic levels, we were unable to observe clinical improvement due to the patient’s death shortly after completion of therapy. In cases where other secondary causes of DM are ruled out, it may be prudent to evaluate for heavy metal toxicity to allow for early diagnosis and initiation of treatment. Further studies are needed to determine the efficacy of different treatment strategies for arsenic-induced DM, and whether resolution of arsenic toxicity will reverse the diabetogenic effects.
Social Environment Determinants of Life Expectancy in Developing Countries: A Panel Data Analysis
Authors: Hassan Fatin Aminah , Minato Nobuaki , Ishida Shuichi , Mohamed Nor Norashidah 
Published: September 2016

<p>Despite remarkable improvements in health over the past 50 years, there still remain a great number of health challenges around the world. This study examined the relationship between life expectancy rate (as a proxy for health status) with health expenditure, gross domestic product, education index, improved water coverage, and improved sanitation facilities in 108 selected developing countries using annual panel data within the period of 2006–2010. The empirical results from using the panel data approach showed a positive relationship between life expectancy rate and all of those explanatory variables. The relationship between life expectancy with education index and gross domestic product were significant at 1% and 5% significance levels, respectively. Furthermore, the causality finding showed that there is no short-run causality between life expectancy and its determinants. There is a unidirectional causality running from the independent variables of health expenditure, education index, improved water, and improved sanitation to life expectancy at birth. On the other hand, bidirectional causality exists between life expectancy and income in the long-run by employing VECM test. These independent variables can be considered as important determinants for investment in health status in the long-run. This study could be used as a guideline and may be significant for future researchers and policy makers who aim to improve the life expectancy in developing countries.</p>
Survey of Irradiation Practice for the Prevention of Transfusion-Associated Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Pritchard Aaron E. , Shaz Beth H. 
Published: September 2016

Context.—Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease is a rare, often fatal complication of cellular blood product transfusion. The requirement that at-risk groups receive irradiated products reduces the incidence of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease. A comprehensive survey of irradiation practices has not been performed since 1989; meanwhile, new indications for irradiation have emerged.
Objective.—To assess current irradiation practices at College of American Pathologists member institutions. Changes in irradiation practice indicated by comparing results of a survey of irradiation practices in 1989 with those of a survey performed in 2014 may reveal how the field has developed and what areas (if any) remain to be improved.
Design.—A supplemental College of American Pathologists survey was sent out with questions regarding irradiation practices for specific conditions and circumstances. The questions included conditions for which irradiation is generally considered required for the prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease as well as those not considered to be a special risk.
Results.—An average of 2100 organizations responded to each question regarding their irradiation practices. Irradiation for transfusion from blood relatives, human leukocyte antigen–matched products, preterm infants, and Hodgkin disease were the most common indications cited. A few organizations had universal irradiation, whereas others irradiated products by floor/unit or by service.
Conclusions.—For some at-risk populations irradiation of cellular blood products is more common than in 1989, whereas for others this practice has been reduced. Although gains have been made since the last national survey of irradiation practices, work remains to eliminate the possibility of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease from known at-risk populations.
Automated Bright-Field Dual-Color In Situ Hybridization for MDM2: Interobserver Reproducibility and Correlation With Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization in a Series of Soft Tissue Consults
Authors: Zhang Gloria , Lanigan Christopher P. , Goldblum John R. , Tubbs Raymond R. , Downs-Kelly Erinn 
Published: September 2016

Context.—Atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcomas contain alterations in the 12q13-15 region resulting in amplification of MDM2 and nearby genes. Identifying MDM2 amplification is a useful ancillary test, as the histologic mimics of atypical lipomatous tumors/well-differentiated liposarcomas have consistently shown a lack of MDM2 amplification.
Objective.—To assess the interobserver reproducibility of a bright-field assay for MDM2 amplification (dual-color, dual-hapten in situ hybridization [DDISH]) among reviewers with varying degrees of experience with the assay and to assess the concordance of MDM2 DDISH with MDM2 fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).
Design.—In total, 102 cases were assessed in parallel for MDM2 by FISH and DDISH. MDM2 amplification was defined as an MDM2 to chromosome 12 ratio of 2.0 or greater, whereas an MDM2 to chromosome 12 ratio of less than 2 was nonamplified. Fluorescence in situ hybridization was scored in the routine clinical laboratory and DDISH was evaluated by 3 different pathologists blinded to the final diagnosis and FISH results.
Results.—Fluorescence in situ hybridization categorized 27 cases (26%) as MDM2 amplified and 75 cases (74%) as nonamplified; the consensus DDISH diagnosis was 98% concordant with FISH. Agreement between MDM2 DDISH by each reviewer and MDM2 FISH was highly concordant (99%, 98%, and 98%, respectively, for reviewers 1, 2 and 3). The κ agreement of the 3 reviewers scoring DDISH was excellent (κ = 0.949, 0.95, and 0.95, respectively, for reviewers 1, 2, and 3).
Conclusions.—This study highlights excellent concordance between DDISH and FISH in MDM2 copy number assessment. Moreover, excellent interobserver reproducibility of the DDISH assay was found among reviewers with varying levels of experience evaluating bright-field assays.