bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cytokine-like 1 Chemoattracts Monocytes/Macrophages via CCR2
Authors: Wang Xiaolin , Li Ting , Wang Wenyan , Yuan Wanqiong , Liu Huihui , Cheng Yingying , Wang Pingzhang , Zhang Yu , Han Wenling 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Cytokine-like 1 (CYTL1) is a novel potential cytokine that was first identified in CD34+ cells derived from bone marrow and cord blood, and it was also found using our immunogenomics strategy. The immunobiological functions of CYTL1 remain largely unknown, and its potential receptor(s) has not been identified. A previous proposed hypothesis suggested that CYTL1 had structural similarities with CCL2 and that CCR2 was a potential receptor of CYTL1. In this study, we verify that CYTL1 possesses chemotactic activity and demonstrate that its functional receptor is CCR2B using a series of experiments performed in HEK293 cells expressing CCR2B or CCR2B-EGFP, including chemotaxis, receptor internalization, and radioactive binding assays. CYTL1 chemoattracts human monocytes but not PBLs, and its chemotactic activity toward monocytes is dependent on the CCR2B-ERK pathway. Furthermore, both human and mouse recombinant CYTL1 protein have chemotactic effects on macrophages from wild-type mice but not from Ccr2−/− mice. Furthermore, the chemotactic activity of CYTL1 is sensitive to pertussis toxin. All of the above data confirm that CCR2B is a functional receptor of CYTL1.
BET Inhibition AttenuatesHelicobacter pylori–Induced Inflammatory Response by Suppressing Inflammatory Gene Transcription and Enhancer Activation
Authors: Chen Jinjing , Wang Zhen , Hu Xiangming , Chen Ruichuan , Romero-Gallo Judith , Peek Richard M. , Chen Lin-Feng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHelicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and peptic ulceration. H. pylori–initiated chronic gastritis is characterized by enhanced expression of many NF-κB–regulated inflammatory cytokines. Brd4 has emerged as an important NF-κB regulator and regulates the expression of many NF-κB–dependent inflammatory genes. In this study, we demonstrated that Brd4 was not only actively involved in H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene mRNA transcription but also H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene enhancer RNA (eRNA) synthesis. Suppression of H. pylori–induced eRNA synthesis impaired H. pylori–induced mRNA synthesis. Furthermore, H. pylori stimulated NF-κB–dependent recruitment of Brd4 to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes to facilitate the RNA polymerase II–mediated eRNA and mRNA synthesis. Inhibition of Brd4 by JQ1 attenuated H. pylori–induced eRNA and mRNA synthesis for a subset of NF-κB–dependent inflammatory genes. JQ1 also inhibited H. pylori–induced interaction between Brd4 and RelA and the recruitment of Brd4 and RNA polymerase II to the promoters and enhancers of inflammatory genes. Finally, we demonstrated that JQ1 suppressed inflammatory gene expression, inflammation, and cell proliferation in H. pylori–infected mice. These studies highlight the importance of Brd4 in H. pylori–induced inflammatory gene expression and suggest that Brd4 could be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of H. pylori–triggered inflammatory diseases and cancer.
Discriminating Protective from Nonprotective Plasmodium-Specific CD8+ T Cell Responses
Authors: Doll Katherine L. , Pewe Lecia L. , Kurup Samarchith P. , Harty John T. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Despite decades of research, malaria remains a global health crisis. Current subunit vaccine approaches do not provide efficient long-term, sterilizing immunity against Plasmodium infections in humans. Conversely, whole parasite vaccinations with their larger array of target Ags have conferred long-lasting sterilizing protection to humans. Similar studies in rodent models of malaria reveal that CD8+ T cells play a critical role in liver-stage immunity after whole parasite vaccination. However, it is unknown whether all CD8+ T cell specificities elicited by whole parasite vaccination contribute to protection, an issue of great relevance for enhanced subunit vaccination. In this article, we show that robust CD8+ T cell responses of similar phenotype are mounted after prime-boost immunization against Plasmodium berghei glideosome-associated protein 5041–48–, sporozoite-specific protein 20318–325–, thrombospondin-related adhesion protein (TRAP) 130–138-, or circumsporozoite protein (CSP) 252–260-derived epitopes in mice, but only CSP252–260- and TRAP130–138-specific CD8+ T cells provide sterilizing immunity and reduce liver parasite burden after sporozoite challenge. Further, CD8+ T cells specific to sporozoite surface-expressed CSP and TRAP proteins, but not intracellular glideosome-associated protein 50 and sporozoite-specific protein 20, efficiently recognize sporozoite-infected hepatocytes in vitro. These results suggest that: 1) protection-relevant antigenic targets, regardless of their immunogenic potential, must be efficiently presented by infected hepatocytes for CD8+ T cells to eliminate liver-stage Plasmodium infection; and 2) proteins expressed on the surface of sporozoites may be good target Ags for protective CD8+ T cells.
A Unique Case of Twin Gestation in Subseptate Uterus after Spontaneous Conception
Authors: Kawthalkar Anjali , Kumare Bhavna , Vijay Nikita R 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Abnormal fusion of the müllerian ducts or failure of absorption of the septum during embryological life results in a variety of congenital uterine malformations. These congenital abnormalities are associated with abortions, premature labor, premature rupture of the membranes and malpresentation. We are reporting the rare occurrence of spontaneous twin gestation in a woman with subseptate uterus.

How to cite this article
Vijay N, Kawthalkar A, Kumare B. A Unique Case of Twin Gestation in Subseptate Uterus after Spontaneous Conception. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2015;7(3):216-217.
Analysis of the Impact of International Monetary Fund Programs on Economic Performance of Kenya
Authors: Kerich Henry 
Published: April 2016

<p>Like most other countries in developing countries, Kenya faces economic challenges as it tries to stabilize its balance of payments, reduce external debts and curb high unemployment rates. Structural adjustment programs (SAPs) are defined as economic programs mainly set for developing countries supported by the Bretton Woods institutions since the beginning of 1980s. As a result of prolonged balance of payments deficits, high unemployment rates and high debts, brought about by poor economic performance, the country has turned to International Monetary Fund for credit assistance. This research sought to examine if there was a relationship between structural adjustment programs and economic performance in Kenya. The results in this study revealed a significant correlation between IMF structural adjustment programs and economic performance in Kenya. The findings showed that the three dependent variables analyzed notably, balance of payments, debts, and unemployment showed a strong correlation with IMF structural adjustment programs.</p>
Local Community Perception towards Slow City: Gokceada Sample
Authors: Erdogan Melike 
Published: April 2016

<p class="a"><span lang="EN-US">Slow city movement has been firstly emerged in Italy with the purpose of eliminating the homogenous structure that the globalization has created in the cities. Slow city has been turned into an international network due to a philosophy providing sustainability of the city by improving the quality of individuals’ life. Turkey is also among the states which are the members of International Cittaslow Union. 11 districts have participated slow city movement starting with Seferihisar in Turkey. One of these districts is Gokceada constituting the case study. Gokceada has assumed the title of slow city by carrying out the criteria required for slow city in 2011. The aim of this study is to determine how the people’s perceptions and what their expectations towards citta slow phenomenon are. It is aimed to clarify the advantages and disadvantages of being a citta slow according to the public. The study has been conducted in the center of Gokceada through interview method. As a result of the research, it has been reached a conclusion that the people have knowledge about the Cittaslow concept. In addition, they have also assessed Gokceada being a citta slow as a positive development in terms of advantages provided. </span></p>
Biennial Review of Planar Chromatography: 2013–2015
Authors: Sherma Joseph 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The most important advances in planar chromatography published between November 1, 2013 and November 1, 2015 are reviewed in this paper. Included are an introduction to the current status of the field; student experiments, books, and reviews; apparatus and techniques for sample preparation and TLC separations; detection and identification of separated zones; quantitative analysis; preparative layer chromatography; and thin layer radiochromatography. Selected applications are given in the various sections of the review.
Channel morphology and flow structure of an abandoned channel under varying stages
Authors: Costigan Katie H. , Gerken Joseph E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAbandoned channels are those channels left behind as meandering rivers migrate over their floodplains and remain among the most enigmatic features of the riverscape, especially related to their hydraulics and geomorphology. Abandoned channels are being considered and implemented as restoration and rehabilitation strategies for large rivers but we do not yet have a sound understanding of their hydromorphodynamics. The overall objectives of this work were to assess the bed morphology and flow structure of a large, dynamically connected abandoned channel (e.g., the channel is inundated during annual or decadal floods through bank overflow) under varying stages. Here we document the hydromorphodynamics of an abandoned channel during 3.4, 9.2, and 37.9 return interval discharges using an acoustic Doppler current profiler. Flow separation was observed along the channel entrance during the lowest flow surveying campaign but was not seen during the higher flow campaign. Width to depth ratio and channel width at the exit both progressively decreased from the first surveying campaign, despite the final campaign having the highest measured discharge. Large zones of flow stagnation and recirculation were observed, with depth‐averaged velocity vectors not aligning in one direction, in the abandoned channel where water from the entrance was meeting water coming up from the exit during moderate discharges. The abandoned channel has been maintained for at least 25 years due to its low diversion angle and it being perched above the Kansas River. Results of this study provide insights of how flow hydraulics and physical characteristics of abandoned channel change under varying stages.
Tsunami data assimilation of Cascadia seafloor pressure gauge records from the 2012 Haida Gwaii earthquake
Authors: Gusman Aditya Riadi , Sheehan Anne F. , Satake Kenji , Heidarzadeh Mohammad , Mulia Iyan Eka , Maeda Takuto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe use tsunami waveforms recorded on a dense array of seafloor pressure gauges offshore Oregon and California from the 2012 Haida Gwaii, Canada, earthquake to simulate the performance of two different real‐time tsunami‐forecasting methods. In the first method, the tsunami source is first estimated by inversion of recorded tsunami waveforms. In the second method, the array data are assimilated to reproduce tsunami wavefields. These estimates can be used for forecasting tsunami on the coast. The dense seafloor array provides critical data for both methods to produce timeliness (>30 min lead time) and accuracy in both timing and amplitude (>94% confidence) tsunami forecasts. Real‐time tsunami data on dense arrays and data assimilation can be tested as a possible new generation tsunami warning system.
Ring current electron dynamics during geomagnetic storms based on the Van Allen Probes measurements
Authors: Zhao H. , Li X. , Baker D. N. , Claudepierre S. G. , Fennell J. F. , Blake J. B. , Larsen B. A. , Skoug R. M. , Funsten H. O. , Friedel R. H. W. , Reeves G. D. , Spence H. E. , Mitchell D. G. , Lanzerotti L. J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBased on comprehensive measurements from Helium, Oxygen, Proton, and Electron Mass Spectrometer Ion Spectrometer, Relativistic Electron‐Proton Telescope, and Radiation Belt Storm Probes Ion Composition Experiment instruments on the Van Allen Probes, comparative studies of ring current electrons and ions are performed and the role of energetic electrons in the ring current dynamics is investigated. The deep injections of tens to hundreds of keV electrons and tens of keV protons into the inner magnetosphere occur frequently; after the injections the electrons decay slowly in the inner belt but protons in the low L region decay very fast. Intriguing similarities between lower energy protons and higher‐energy electrons are also found. The evolution of ring current electron and ion energy densities and energy content are examined in detail during two geomagnetic storms, one moderate and one intense. The results show that the contribution of ring current electrons to the ring current energy content is much smaller than that of ring current ions (up to ~12% for the moderate storm and ~7% for the intense storm), and <35 keV electrons dominate the ring current electron energy content at the storm main phases. Though the electron energy content is usually much smaller than that of ions, the enhancement of ring current electron energy content during the moderate storm can get to ~30% of that of ring current ions, indicating a more dynamic feature of ring current electrons and important role of electrons in the ring current buildup. The ring current electron energy density is also shown to be higher at midnight and dawn while lower at noon and dusk.
Experimental studies of heat transfer at the dynamic magma ice/water interface: Application to subglacially emplaced lava
Authors: Oddsson Björn , Gudmundsson Magnús T. , Sonder Ingo , Zimanowski Bernd , Schmid Andrea 
Published: April 2016

AbstractExperiments simulating processes operating in volcano‐ice interactions were carried out to explain and quantify lava thermal properties and processes of heat transfer from pure lava melt to water and ice and from hot crystalline lava to water. The samples used (70–200 g) were obtained from an intermediate lava flow (benmoreite‐trachyte) that was emplaced under and within the outlet glacier Gígjökull in the 2010 eruption of Eyjafjallajökull. Experiments involved settings with direct contact between ice and lava, and settings where melt and ice were separated by a few centimeters. Direct contact involved melt being emplaced on ice and ice placed on melt. The direct contact experiments provided initial heat flux of up to 900 kW m−2 at an initially lava melt surface temperature of 1100°C, declining to <100 kW m−2 at 200–300°C within 1–2 min, while the experiments without melt‐ice contact yielded an initial maximum of 100–180 kW m−2 dropping to 50–80 kW m−2 in 2–3 min. In other experiments, where cubes of hot crystalline lava were subjected to forced convection of water at initial temperature of 20–30°C, initial heat fluxes of 400–770 kW m−2 were followed by fast decline to <100 kW m−2 in 15–35 s, the rate depending on cube size. The hot rock experiments provided thermal conductivity values of 1.2–1.7 W m−1K−1 and diffusivity of about 9 × 10−7 m2s−1. Values for heat flux obtained in these experiments are in the same range as those obtained from field observations of the lava emplacement in the Eyjafjallajökull 2010 eruption.
α‐synuclein genetic variability: A biomarker for dementia in Parkinson disease
Authors: Guella Ilaria , Evans Daniel M. , Szu‐Tu Chelsea , Nosova Ekaterina , Bortnick Stephanie F. ,   SNCA Cognition Study Group, Goldman Jennifer G. , Dalrymple‐Alford John C. , Geurtsen Gert J. , Litvan Irene , Ross Owen A. , Middleton Lefkos T. , Parkkinen Laura , Farrer Matthew J. 
Published: April 2016

ObjectiveThe relationship between Parkinson disease (PD), PD with dementia (PDD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has long been debated. Although PD is primarily considered a motor disorder, cognitive impairment is often present at diagnosis, and only ∼20% of patients remain cognitively intact in the long term. Alpha‐synuclein (SNCA) was first implicated in the pathogenesis of the disease when point mutations and locus multiplications were identified in familial parkinsonism with dementia. In worldwide populations, SNCA genetic variability remains the most reproducible risk factor for idiopathic PD. However, few investigators have looked at SNCA variability in terms of cognitive outcomes.MethodsWe have used targeted high‐throughput sequencing to characterize the 135kb SNCA locus in a large multinational cohort of patients with PD, PDD, and DLB and healthy controls.ResultsAn analysis of 43 tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms across the SNCA locus shows 2 distinct association profiles for symptoms of parkinsonism and/or dementia, respectively, toward the 3′ or the 5′ of the SNCA gene. In addition, we define a specific haplotype in intron 4 that is directly associated with PDD. The PDD risk haplotype has been interrogated at single nucleotide resolution and is uniquely tagged by an expanded TTTCn repeat.InterpretationOur data show that PD, PDD, and DLB, rather than a disease continuum, have distinct genetic etiologies albeit within one genomic locus. Such results may serve as prognostic biomarkers to these disorders, to inform physicians and patients, and to assist in the design and stratification of clinical trials aimed at disease modification. Ann Neurol 2016;79:991–999
Characteristics of polyurethane adhesives with various uretonimine contents in isocyanate and average alcohol functionalities
Authors: Sung Giwook , Gwon Jae Gyoung , Kim Jung Hyeun 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTPolyurethane adhesives are found in a variety of applications. To ensure durability and functionality, a polyurethane adhesive is required to possess good adhesive properties and thermal stability. In this study, polyurethane adhesives were fabricated using isocyanate and polyols of various type and functionality (fav). It was found that peel strength of an adhesive is strongly related to the fav of a polyol and uretonimine content. At high uretonimine content, the probability of forming hydrogen bonded component increases and as a result the adhesive's peel strength increases. At high fav and molecular weight of a polyol, an adhesive's wettability decreases so does its adhesion to a substrate. Therefore, designing for a functional adhesive, high uretonimine content and low fav of polyol are desired. Thermal stability of a polyurethane adhesive also improves with uretonimine content. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43737.
Elderly Female Rhesus Macaques Preserve Lung Alveoli With Estrogen/Progesterone Therapy
Authors: Herring Matt J. , Avdalovic Mark V. , Lasley Bill , Putney Lei F. , Hyde Dallas M. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThe aging lung is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease where females have been reported to be more susceptible than males. The changes in reproductive hormones due to aging may directly or indirectly affect lung structure and function and little is known on the mechanism of these changes. Twenty female rhesus macaques were divided into four groups. Ovariectomy (OVX) was performed on eight animals with three receiving estrogen/progesterone therapy (HRT) and five animals given implants containing vehicle. The remaining 12 animals represented control groups of ages 10–14 years (n = 6) and ages 20–24 (n = 6). A design‐based stereological method was employed to estimate the number of alveoli in the right middle lung lobe along with hormone analysis for possible correlation. A significant decrease was found in the number of alveoli in the vehicle OVX animals compared to intact younger adult females (P < 0.001). A significant increase in alveoli between OVX vehicle animals and those on HRT was also found (P < 0.0001). There was difference in the number of alveoli between younger adult animals and animals on HRT. The loss of ovaries and hormones had a significant effect on alveolar lung morphology. This result mimics what is seen in the aging process and could contribute to gender differences reported in the elderly. Hormone replacement, as reported here, could possibly slow the loss of alveoli due to the aging process or aid in alveolar regeneration through direct or indirect mechanisms. Anat Rec, 299:973–978, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time screen‐space liquid rendering with complex refractions
Authors: Imai Takuya , Kanamori Yoshihiro , Mitani Jun 
Published: April 2016

AbstractParticle‐based liquid is often rendered only with single refraction in real‐time applications, which deteriorates the reality of liquid. We present a screen‐space method for rendering particle‐based liquids with up to four refractions in real time. Our method separates liquid particles into splashes and aggregations (i.e., liquid bodies) and generates a pair of depth maps of front‐facing and back‐facing surfaces for each. We use the depth maps of splashes as they are but smooth those of aggregations to reduce small bumps. For smoothing depth, we iteratively fit planes locally using moving least squares, unlike previous filtering‐based approaches that cause undesirable refractions around depth boundaries. By calculating refractions with physically based light attenuation, our method can render liquids more realistically than previous methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A snare in time—adding a safety mechanism to the Amplatzer Septal Occluder
Authors: Latson Larry A. 
Published: April 2016

Key Points

Delivery cable/attachment of the Amplatzer Septal Occluder holds the device at a suboptimal angle relative to the plane of the atrial septum prior to release
A small gooseneck snare tightened on the hub can maintain flexible control of the device after release of the delivery cable
This technique can improve safety of delivery in difficult cases if you think ahead
Target lesion failure with BRS? good old DES to the rescue
Authors: Faggioni Michela , Mehran Roxana 
Published: April 2016

Key Points

Target lesion revascularization (TLR) for BRS failure is burdened with a high rate of adverse events.
DES implantation appears to be the safest treatment option following BRS failure.
A real world observational study with a minimum of 2‐year follow‐up would be required to investigate the long‐term clinical outcomes in patients with a BRS failure and to assess the best treatment option in case of TLR