bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of percutaneous endobiliary radiofrequency ablation in managing resistant benign biliary strictures: a retrospective analysis
Authors: Husnain Ali , Aadam Abdul Aziz , Keswani Rajesh , Sinha Jasmine , Caicedo Juan Carlos , Duarte Andres , Stiff Kristine , Reiland Allison , Cacho Daniel Borja , Salem Riad , Riaz Ahsun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the safety and effectiveness of percutaneous endobiliary radiofrequency ablation (EB-RFA) in the management of refractory benign biliary strictures.

Methods
Percutaneous EB-RFA was performed in 15 individuals (M/F = 8/7; median age: 57 [33-84]) for benign biliary strictures resistant to traditional methods (transhepatic cholangioplasty and biliary drains). All patients underwent ≥1 unsuccessful cholangioplasty session and upsizing of their transhepatic biliary drains pre-procedure. Technical and clinical success were defined as luminal gain with enhanced flow and a lack of clinically evident recurrent stricture on follow-up after drain/stent removal, respectively.

Results
A total of 16 EB-RFA procedures were performed. Technical success rate was 100% (16/16). Procedure-related complications occurred in 1/16 cases (drain leakage with subsequent cellulitis). Clinical success rate was 87% (13/15) with a median follow-up of 17 (2-24) months. Drain/stent was not removed in one case (1/16) as the patient was lost to follow-up immediately post-procedure. The one-year patency rate was 100%. A significant reduction was observed in the median number of IR visits (8 [1-51] to 1 [0-9]; P = .003) and drain insertion/exchange procedures (5 [1-45] to 0 [0-6]; P = .003) pre- and post-EB-RFA with a median follow-up of 18 (0-26) months.

Conclusion
Percutaneous EB-RFA can safely and effectively treat refractory benign biliary strictures. However, larger prospective studies with extended follow-ups are needed to gather more robust data.

Advances in knowledge
This study contributes to the limited evidence on the role of EB-RFA in addressing refractory benign biliary strictures, enhancing the understanding of its clinical utility.
Revisiting the Global Social Work Definition: How Social Workers Define the Profession a Decade Later?
Authors: Tarshish Noam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Social work has struggled to establish a unanimous definition encompassing the full professional scope. In 2014, the International Federation of Social Workers introduced a revised global definition outlining principles, objectives, goals and theories. Now, a decade later, questions have emerged about the definition and its contemporary relevance. This qualitative study interviewed sixty-five Israeli social workers to uncover how they define the profession. Analysis revealed they define social work as a profession that fosters positive change and well-being through tailored interventions. It upholds humanistic values like equality, dignity and participation and assists diverse clients experiencing challenging transitions by utilising different means of support. Findings show continuity in how social workers in Western contexts view the purpose and tools of the profession, whilst also highlighting tensions with the global definition’s macro-orientation. This research then incorporates an inclusive ‘both/and’ perspective, including both micro and macro dimensions, using principles from rights-based social work, to propose small amendments to the global definition.
Last minute cancellation of elective lung cancer surgery is associated with poorer survival
Authors: Nardini Marco , Chaudhuri Nilanjan , Lodhia Joshil , Milton Richard , Tcherveniakov Peter , Teh Elaine , Brunelli Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Our objective was to assess the incidence and reason of last-minute cancellations before surgery for lung cancer and their association with outcomes.

METHODS
Retrospective analysis on all consecutive patients booked for elective lung cancer surgery from January 2017 through December 2022 in a single centre.
Last minute cancellation: a cancellation occurring within the last 24 hours from the planned operation. Cancellation categories: process-related and patient-related.
The short-term and long-term outcomes of patients who experienced a last-minute cancellation were analysed.

RESULTS
197 patients of 1587 (12%) had a last-minute cancellation: 156 (79%) were process-related and 41 (21%) were patient-related.
3% (5/156) of patients cancelled for process reasons did not receive surgery vs 39% (16/41) of those cancelled for patient-related reasons, p &lt; 0.0001.
The 90-day mortality rates of cancelled and non-cancelled patients were similar (4.6% vs 4.7%, p = 1).
Five-year overall survival of patients with cancellation was 58% (95% CI 49–66) vs 69% (95% CI 66–71) of those without cancellations, p = 0.022.
Among those who had a cancellation, the 5-year OS of those with process-related cancellations was 61% (52–60) vs 35% (14–58) of those with patient-related cancellations (adjusted p value for multiple comparisons = 0.14).
Cox regression analysis showed that surgery cancellations within the last 24 hours for patient-related (HR 1.87, 95% CI 1.02–3.42, p = 0.043) reasons remained a factor associated with poorer overall survival after adjusting for clinical stage, type of operation and patient related variables.

CONCLUSIONS
Implementing the patient's preoperative clinical evaluation to reduce the occurrence of related last-minute cancellations might mitigate its negative impact on survival
Temporal enrichment of comammox Nitrospira and Ca. Nitrosocosmicus in a coastal plastisphere
Authors: Yang Qian , Zhong Yin , Feng Shi-wei , Wen Ping , Wang Heli , Wu Junhong , Yang Sen , Liang Jie-Liang , Li Dan , Yang Qiong , Tam Nora F Y , Peng Ping’an 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plastic marine debris is known to harbor a unique microbiome (termed the “plastisphere”) that can be important in marine biogeochemical cycles. However, the temporal dynamics in the plastisphere and their implications for marine biogeochemistry remain poorly understood. Here, we characterized the temporal dynamics of nitrifying communities in the plastisphere of plastic ropes exposed to a mangrove intertidal zone. The 39-month colonization experiment revealed that the relative abundances of Nitrospira and Candidatus Nitrosocosmicus representatives increased over time according to 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing analysis. The relative abundances of amoA genes in metagenomes implied that comammox Nitrospira were the dominant ammonia oxidizers in the plastisphere, and their dominance increased over time. The relative abundances of two metagenome-assembled genomes of comammox Nitrospira also increased with time and positively correlated with extracellular polymeric substances content of the plastisphere but negatively correlated with NH4+ concentration in seawater, indicating the long-term succession of these two parameters significantly influenced the ammonia-oxidizing community in the coastal plastisphere. At the end of the colonization experiment, the plastisphere exhibited high nitrification activity, leading to the release of N2O (2.52 ng N2O N g−1) in a 3-day nitrification experiment. The predicted relative contribution of comammox Nitrospira to N2O production (17.9%) was higher than that of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (4.8%) but lower than that of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (21.4%). These results provide evidence that from a long-term perspective, some coastal plastispheres will become dominated by comammox Nitrospira and thereby act as hotspots of ammonia oxidation and N2O production.
Neutrophils on the mast cell menu
Authors: Espinosa Eric 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A recent article in Cell reported a new peculiar interaction between mast cells (MCs) and neutrophils. Upon IgE/Ag-mediated degranulation, MCs produce leukotriene B4, which attracts migrating neutrophils. Some neutrophils are able to establish close contact with MCs and end up trapped inside the MC, forming a cell-in-cell structure. While the neutrophil eventually dies inside the vacuole, the MC benefits from the remains of its prisoner, using it as a nutrient reserve and reusing its antimicrobial weapons.
The early hormone signaling network underlying wound-induced de novo root regeneration
Authors: Kim Ji Woo , Seo Pil Joon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plants possess a remarkable capability to regenerate new organs after wounding. De novo root regeneration (DNRR) from aboveground tissues after physical wounding is observed in a wide range of plant species. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that govern DNRR, with a particular emphasis on the early signaling components. Wound-inducible chemicals and hormones such as jasmonic acid, ethylene, and salicylic acid, which were originally identified as defense hormones, influence DNRR. Ongoing work elucidating the molecular network underlying DNRR provides insight into the coactivating regeneration and defense responses at the early stages of the wound response in plants.
Observational signatures of circumbinary discs - II. Kinematic signatures in velocity residuals
Authors: Calcino Josh , Norfolk Brodie J , Price Daniel J , Hilder Thomas , Speedie Jessica , Pinte Christophe , Garg Himanshi , Teague Richard , Hall Cassandra , Stadler Jochen 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Kinematic studies of protoplanetary discs are a valuable method for uncovering hidden companions. In the first paper of this series, we presented five morphological and kinematic criteria that aid in asserting the binary nature of a protoplanetary disc. In this work, we study the kinematic signatures of circumbinary discs in the residuals of their velocity maps. We show that Doppler-flips, spiral arms, eccentric gas motion, fast flows inside of the cavity, and vortex-like kinematic signatures are commonly observed. Unlike in the planetary mass companion case, Doppler-flips in circumbinary discs are not necessarily centred on a companion, and can extend towards the cavity edge. We then compare the kinematic signatures in our simulations with observations and see similarities to the Doppler-flip signal in HD 100546 and the vortex-like kinematic signatures in HD 142527. Our analysis also reveals kinematic evidence for binarity in several protoplantary discs typically regarded as circumstellar rather than circumbinary, including AB Aurigae and HD 100546.
Mitigating calibration errors from mutual coupling with time-domain filtering of 21 cm cosmological radio observations
Authors: Charles N , Kern N S , Pascua R , Bernardi G , Bester L , Smirnov O , Acedo E D L , Abdurashidova Z , Adams T , Aguirre J E , Baartman R , Beardsley A P , Berkhout L M , Billings T S , Bowman J D , Bull P , Burba J , Byrne R , Carey S , Chen K , Choudhuri S , Cox T , DeBoer D R , Dexter M , Dillon J S , Dynes S , Eksteen N , Ely J , Ewall-Wice A , Fritz R , Furlanetto S R , Gale-Sides K , Garsden H , Gehlot B K , Ghosh A , Gorce A , Gorthi D , Halday Z , Hazelton B J , Hewitt J N , Hickish J , Huang T , Jacobs D C , Josaitis A , Kerrigan J , Kittiwisit P , Kolopanis M , Lanman A , Liu A , Ma Y -Z , MacMahon D H E , Malan L , Malgas K , Malgas C , Marero B , Martinot Z E , McBride L , Mesinger A , Mohamed-Hinds N , Molewa M , Morales M F , Murray S , Nikolic B , Nuwegeld H , Parsons A R , Patra N , Plante P L , Qin Y , Rath E , Razavi-Ghods N , Riley D , Robnett J , Rosie K , Santos M G , Sims P , Singh S , Storer D , Swarts H , Tan J , Wilensky M J , Williams P K G , Wyngaarden P v , Zheng H 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The 21 cm transition from neutral Hydrogen promises to be the best observational probe of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). This has led to the construction of low-frequency radio interferometric arrays, such as the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), aimed at systematically mapping this emission for the first time. Precision calibration, however, is a requirement in 21 cm radio observations. Due to the spatial compactness of HERA, the array is prone to the effects of mutual coupling, which inevitably lead to non-smooth calibration errors that contaminate the data. When unsmooth gains are used in calibration, intrinsically spectrally smooth foreground emission begins to contaminate the data in a way that can prohibit a clean detection of the cosmological EoR signal. In this paper, we show that the effects of mutual coupling on calibration quality can be reduced by applying custom time-domain filters to the data prior to calibration. We find that more robust calibration solutions are derived when filtering in this way, which reduces the observed foreground power leakage. Specifically, we find a reduction of foreground power leakage by 2 orders of magnitude at $k_\parallel \approx 0.5$ h Mpc$^{-1}$.
Integrated multi-omics analysis of PBX1 in mouse adult neural stem- and progenitor cells identifies a transcriptional module that functionally links PBX1 to TCF3/4
Authors: Laub Vera , Nan Elisabeth , Elias Lena , Donaldson Ian J , Bentsen Mette , Rusling Leona A , Schupp Jonathan , Lun Jennifer H , Plate Karl H , Looso Mario , Langer Julian D , Günther Stefan , Bobola Nicoletta , Schulte Dorothea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Developmental transcription factors act in networks, but how these networks achieve cell- and tissue specificity is still poorly understood. Here, we explored pre-B cell leukemia homeobox 1 (PBX1) in adult neurogenesis combining genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic approaches. ChIP-seq analysis uncovered PBX1 binding to numerous genomic sites. Integration of PBX1 ChIP-seq with ATAC-seq data predicted interaction partners, which were subsequently validated by mass spectrometry. Whole transcriptome spatial RNA analysis revealed shared expression dynamics of Pbx1 and interacting factors. Among these were class I bHLH proteins TCF3 and TCF4. RNA-seq following Pbx1, Tcf3 or Tcf4 knockdown identified proliferation- and differentiation associated genes as shared targets, while sphere formation assays following knockdown argued for functional cooperativity of PBX1 and TCF3 in progenitor cell proliferation. Notably, while physiological PBX1-TCF interaction has not yet been described, chromosomal translocation resulting in genomic TCF3::PBX1 fusion characterizes a subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Introducing Pbx1 into Nalm6 cells, a pre-B cell line expressing TCF3 but lacking PBX1, upregulated the leukemogenic genes BLK and NOTCH3, arguing that functional PBX1-TCF cooperativity likely extends to hematopoiesis. Our study hence uncovers a transcriptional module orchestrating the balance between progenitor cell proliferation and differentiation in adult neurogenesis with potential implications for leukemia etiology.
Real-world pan-tumor comprehensive genomic profiling sample adequacy and success rates in tissue and liquid specimens
Authors: Lin Douglas I , Pasquina Lincoln W , Mavares Estefany , Elvin Julia A , Huang Richard S P 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Real-world success rate of liquid and tissue-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is unknown. We analyzed real-world pan-tumor cohorts that underwent CGP during clinical care via FoundationOne CDx (F1CDx) and FoundationOne Liquid CDx (F1LCDx) to determine tissue and liquid sample adequacy based on tumor type. Pan-tumor presequencing adequacy was high (&gt;90%) by both tissue-based F1CDx (median: 92.3%; range: 88.2%-96.9%) and liquid-based F1LCDx (median: 94.8%; range: 86.6%-96.7%). Similarly, postsequencing analysis revealed that most tissue and liquid samples yielded successful sequencing results with a median sequencing success rate of 97.9% and 98.1% for F1CDx and F1LCDx, respectively. One exception is central nervous system (CNS) tumors, for which F1CDx had dramatically higher sample sufficiency (96.9%) and postsequencing success rate (97.0%) compared with F1LCDx (86.6% and 92.9%, respectively). The pan-tumor median sample-to-success rate was 90.4% (range: 84.8%-94.4%) for F1CDx. The equivalent rate for F1LCDx was slightly higher at 93.2% (range: 80.4%-95.7%). Conversely, when examining the prevalence of F1LCDx results with high tumor fraction (TF≥1%), the sample-to-high TF results rate was dramatically lower (median: 37.7%, range: 2.1% [CNS tumors]-46.0%). In conclusion, except in CNS tumors or when accounting for liquid TF, success rates of F1CDx and F1LCDx are equivalently high. These results may guide informed decision on when to pursue tissue vs liquid testing of patients with cancer.
A rapid review of nutrition and exercise approaches to managing unintentional weight loss, muscle loss, and malnutrition in cancer
Authors: Baguley Brenton J , Edbrooke Lara , Denehy Linda , Prado Carla M , Kiss Nicole 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This narrative review summarizes the evidence for nutrition, exercise, and multimodal interventions to maintain weight and muscle mass and prevent malnutrition from meta-analysis, systematic reviews, and randomized controlled trials published within the last 5 years, and in comparison to future research priority areas identified by international guidelines.

Recent findings
Dietary counseling with oral nutrition support (ONS), escalated to enteral nutrition if weight loss continues, is the gold standard treatment approach to maintaining weight and preventing malnutrition. Recent ONS trials with dietary counseling show promising findings for weight maintenance, extending the literature to include studies in chemoradiotherapy, however, change in body composition is rarely evaluated. Emerging trials have evaluated the impact of isolated nutrients, amino acids, and their derivatives (ie, β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate) on muscle mass albeit with mixed effects. There is insufficient evidence evaluating the effect of exercise interventions on unintentional weight loss, muscle mass, and malnutrition, however, our knowledge of the impact of multimodal nutrition and exercise interventions is advancing. Prehabilitation interventions may attenuate weight and muscle loss after surgery, particularly for patients having gastrointestinal and colorectal surgery. Multimodal trials that commence during treatment show mixed effects on weight and muscle mass when measured.

Summary
This review highlights that the evidence for preventing unintentional weight loss and malnutrition from cancer treatment is strong within nutrition. Multimodal interventions are emerging as effective interventions to prevent unintentional weight loss. Promising interventions are demonstrating improvements in muscle mass, however further exploration through studies designed to determine the effect on muscle is required.
THREE-YEAR CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY
Authors: Shughoury Aumer , Boucher Nick , Aggarwal Nitika , Ciulla Thomas A. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To assess visual outcomes and rate of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) development in eyes with geographic atrophy (GA).

Methods:
Retrospective analysis of 18,712 eyes with GA using the CorEvitas Vestrum Health Retina Database.

Results:
Mean age at index was 78.6 years (SD = 7.9) and mean visual acuity was 67.5 letters (SD = 13.0, Snellen equivalent 20/45). In total, 18.9% of eyes developed nAMD within 36 months. Eyes with fellow-eye nAMD developed nAMD at over twice the rate of eyes with fellow-eye GA (relative risk 2.34, 95% confidence interval [2.20–2.49]). Mean visual acuity of eyes that did not develop nAMD declined by 12.4 letters (95% confidence interval [12.0–12.9]) within 36 months. Older age and moderate baseline visual impairment (visual acuity <20/40–20/100) independently correlated with accelerated rate of decline. Eyes of patients in the oldest quartile with moderate visual impairment experienced the worst outcomes, losing an average of 19.7 letters over 36 months (95% confidence interval [18.1–21.3]). By 36 months, 70% of eyes had vision below threshold for driving (visual acuity ≤20/40), 42% had low vision (visual acuity ≤20/70), and 23% were legally blind (visual acuity ≤20/200).

Conclusion:
Geographic atrophy is associated with significant disease burden. Eyes with GA lose an average of two to three lines of visual acuity within 36 months of follow-up. Older age and moderate baseline visual impairment independently correlate with poorer visual outcomes. Presence of nAMD in the fellow eye is associated with 2-fold higher risk of exudative conversion within 36 months.
Requesting Relatives’ Consent for Intensive Care for Organ Donation: An Empirical Analysis of Spanish Transplant Coordinators’ Practices
Authors: García-Sánchez Rubén , Soria-Oliver María , López Jorge S. , Martínez José M. , Martín María J. , Barceló-Soler Alberto , Coll Elisabeth , Roldán José , Uruñuela David , Fernández-Carmona Alberto 
Published: October 2024

Background.
Intensive care to facilitate organ donation (ICOD) involves the initiation or continuation of intensive care for patients with devastating brain injury for donation purposes. In the Spanish system, relatives undergo an early interview to request consent for this procedure. If they consent, a waiting time is agreed upon in the expectation that death by neurological criteria occurs and donation after brain death takes place. Otherwise, relatives can decide on donation after circulatory determination of death or withdrawal of life support. This study analyzes how Spanish transplant coordinators interact with relatives in early interviews and follow-ups on potential donation pathways.

Methods.
Semistructured interviews were conducted with a random stratified sample of 23 Spanish transplant coordination teams to explore strategies, practices, and perceptions of ICOD consent requests. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using content analysis.

Results.
Previous coordination with other units and information retrieval regarding patient and relatives’ situations is crucial. The development of early interviews includes an introduction to the family, identification of decision makers, empathizing with relatives and offering condolences, reaffirming the fatal prognosis, explaining the possibility of donating based on the patient’s will, confirming the family’s understanding and resolving doubts, and ensuring comfort and assessing family needs.

Conclusions.
Approaching families to obtain ICOD consent is a regular practice for Spanish coordination teams. It involves a highly professional and diversified set of strategies based on establishing a support relationship for relatives. Our study provides strategies that serve as a reference for obtaining ICOD consent from families in other settings.