bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differences in innervated neurons of the internal anal sphincter based on age and sex: A histological study
Authors: Kaneko Tomoaki , Nemoto Tetsuo , Funahashi Kimihiko , Koike Junichi , Shibuya Kazutoshi , Kaneko Hironori 
Published: November 2017

AimPrevious studies have shown sex and age differences in anal sphincter function, but few morphological studies have focused on the quality and quantity of the nerves that control the sphincter muscles. The present study aimed to determine whether there are morphological and quantitative sex and age differences in the nerves in the conjoined longitudinal muscle.MethodsThis was a single‐center, retrospective study using surgical specimens from 44 patients who underwent abdominoperineal resection between 2003 and 2012. Hematoxylin–eosin‐ and S‐100‐stained peripheral nerves (nerve fibers and ganglion cells) in the conjoined longitudinal muscle beneath the dentate line were observed microscopically. A qualitative examination assessed the degeneration score, which was based on the presence or absence of karyopyknosis, vacuolar degeneration, acidophilic degeneration of the cytoplasm, denucleation and adventitial neuronal changes. For quantitative examinations, each neuronal and muscular area was traced to calculate the neuronal area ratio in S‐100‐immunostained photomicrographs at the observation site.ResultsWomen had a significantly lower quantity of nerves than men. Older individuals (aged ≥80 years) had a significantly lower quantity of nerves than younger individuals. Furthermore, older individuals tended to show greater morphological changes that appeared to be a result of degeneration.ConclusionsThe present findings suggest that anal hypofunction in women and older individuals might result from differences in the quantity and quality of the neurons controlling the anal sphincter muscle. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 495–500.
Combination of alfacalcidol and calcium improved handgrip strength and mobility amongIndonesian older women:Arandomized controlled trial
Authors: Setiati Siti , Anugrahini  , Fransiska Jane E , Tamin Tirza Z , Istanti Rahmi 
Published: November 2017

AimTo determine the effect of alfacalcidol on muscle strength and functional mobility inIndonesian older women whose handgrip strength was low.MethodsA randomized, double‐blind controlled trial was carried out among 95 older women whose handgrip strength was ≤22 kg. Participants were randomized into two groups: 47 participants received alfacalcidol 0.5 μg/day and 48 participants received a placebo. Each participant in both groups was given calcium 500 mg/day. Handgrip strength as well as theTimed‐Up andGotest were measured before and after 90 days of intervention. Per protocol analysis after intervention between two groups was carried out.ResultsThere was a significant improvement of handgrip strength in the group that received alfacalcidol compared with the placebo group (15.50vs13.75;P= 0.003). The median time for theTimed‐Up andGotest in the alfacalcidol group also improved significantly compared with the placebo group (9.01vs10.07,P= 0.028).ConclusionsAlfacalcidol with daily doses of 0.5 μg significantly improved muscle strength and functional mobility in Indonesian older women.Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 434–440.
Profiles of needs satisfaction and thwarting in older people living at home: Relationships with well‐being and ill‐being indicators
Authors: Vanhove‐Meriaux Charlotte , Martinent Guillaume , Ferrand Claude 
Published: November 2017

AimTo examine the profiles of basic psychological needs satisfaction (BPNS) and thwarting (BPNT) in older people living at home, their relationship with well‐being and ill‐being indicators, and how BPNS and BPNT needs were related to these indicators using regression analyses.MethodsParticipants (n = 182; mean age 73.33 years; SD 7.07 years) completed the measures of BPNS, BPNT, purpose in life, personal growth, subjective vitality, self‐esteem, positive and negative affective states, and depressive feelings. Sociodemographic data were collected.ResultsCluster analyses show two distinct profiles: (i) high degrees of BPNS and low degrees of BPNT; and (ii) moderate degrees of both BPNS and BPNT. No effect of cluster membership on demographic characteristics was reported. Multivariate analysis of variance (manova) results showed that participants in profile 1 had a higher level of well‐being (personal growth, purpose in life, subjective vitality, self‐esteem and positive affective states) and a lower level of ill‐being (negative affective state and depressive feelings) than those in profile 2. For all participants, the findings showed that competence and relatedness need satisfactions were significantly and positively related to well‐being indicators (positive affective states, purpose of life and subjective vitality respectively). Autonomy and competence need thwarting were significantly and positively related to negative affective states.ConclusionsThe present results suggest using the BPNS and BPNT scales simultaneously to better understand the mechanisms that contribute to well‐being and ill‐being in older people. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 470–478.
Low‐cost visible and near‐infrared camera on an unmanned aerial vehicle for assessing the herbage biomass and leaf area index in an Italian ryegrass field
Authors: Fan Xinyan , Kawamura Kensuke , Xuan Tran Dang , Yuba Norio , Lim Jihyun , Yoshitoshi Rena , Minh Truong Ngoc , Kurokawa Yuzo , Obitsu Taketo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAutomated monitoring systems with different temporal and spatial resolutions can achieve precision agriculture management. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) systems open new possibilities for effectively characterizing the variability within cropping systems with high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study, a UAV with a low‐cost visible and near‐infrared camera assessed the spatial variability in the herbage biomass (BM) and leaf area index (LAI) in an Italian ryegrass field. Using multiple linear regression (MLR) models, high coefficients of determination (R2) and low root‐mean‐squared error (RMSE) values were obtained between the observed and predicted herbage BM (R2 = 0.84, RMSE = 90.43 g m−2) and LAI (R2 = 0.88, RMSE = 0.82). The MLR models successfully recovered high‐resolution spatial distributions of the herbage BM and LAI from the ortho‐photos. The reconstructed maps verified that the proposed method can effectively characterize spatial field variations and assess forage growth to optimize field‐level forage crop management.
Strengthening the university executive: The expanding roles and remit of deputy and pro‐vice‐chancellors
Authors: Shepherd Sue 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDeputy and pro‐vice‐chancellors (DVCs and PVCs) are core members of the executive team and play a pivotal role in university management. Nevertheless, they have rarely been the subject of empirical investigation. This study addresses this research gap, utilising a census to examine the size and remit of the DVC and PVC cohort in English pre‐1992 universities and map its evolution since 2005. It shows how these universities have increased the number of DVCs and PVCs, created new more managerial variants of the role and extended their collective remit. These developments evidence the extent to which pre‐1992 universities have strengthened their executive and adopted a more corporate post‐1992 university management model. Yet, despite the advent of new executive‐style roles, the endurance of the traditional floating policy PVC testifies to the continued salience of academic leadership—as well as more managerial approaches—in contemporary university management.
Quality assurance through accreditation: When resistance meets over‐compliance
Authors: Salto Dante J. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA large number of countries worldwide have established quality assurance mechanisms in Higher Education, ranging from the long‐engrained system (United States) to more recent developments in Europe, Latin America and other regions. This study explores the way Higher Education institutions, as examples of autonomous organisations, respond to a new set of regulatory policies. The analysis of the regulatees shows that university‐wide administration has gone beyond the letter of required regulations, toward over‐compliance. Far from a stereotype of a main external regulator (accreditation agency) trying to impose the stated regulations and the regulatee simply resisting, the latter adds a kind of self‐regulation. Below the university‐wide administration, at the programme level—the primary regulatee target of external regulators—matters take more typical, anticipated form. Mixed compliance characterises programme‐level responses, including resistance strategies. Findings illuminate not only the Argentine case but also other countries that have established quality assurance agencies.
Liminality in Management and Organization Studies: Process, Position and Place
Authors: Söderlund Jonas , Borg Elisabeth 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis paper explores liminality, a concept receiving increased attention in management and organization studies and gaining prominence because of its capacity to capture the interstitial and temporary elements of organizing and work. The authors present a systematic review of the literature on liminality, covering 61 published papers, and undertake a critical analysis of how the concept of liminality has been used in prior research. This review reveals associations with three main themes: process; position; and place. For each theme, the authors identify the central research questions posed, while comparing individual and collective levels of analysis. During this process, the authors revisit several ideas central to the original, anthropological research on liminality, a perspective from which they suggest a rejuvenation of liminality research in management and organization studies. This paper argues for a greater focus on the liminal experience itself – especially its ritual and temporal dimensions – and for improving the comparative analysis of liminality following the three themes identified in this paper. The authors suggest that revising the agenda for liminality research along these lines could facilitate more informed responses to the challenges of an increasingly temporary and dynamic work life.
Relationship between urine pH and abnormal glucose tolerance in a community‐based study
Authors: Yoshida Sakiko , Miyake Teruki , Yamamoto Shin , Furukawa Shinya , Niiya Tetsuji , Senba Hidenori , Kanzaki Sayaka , Yoshida Osamu , Ishihara Toru , Koizumi Mitsuhito , Hirooka Masashi , Kumagi Teru , Abe Masanori , Kitai Kohichiro , Matsuura Bunzo , Hiasa Yoichi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe association between urine pH and abnormal glucose tolerance in men and women is unclear; therefore, we carried out a community‐based, cross‐sectional study to investigate sex‐specific associations between these values, possible indicators of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe enrolled 4,945 Japanese individuals (2,490 men and 2,455 women), who had undergone annual health checkups. To investigate the relationship between low urine pH and abnormal glucose tolerance, participants were divided into three groups based on their fasting plasma glucose levels (<6.11 mmol/L, 6.11–6.99 mmol/L and ≥6.99 mmol/L), and three groups based on their glycated hemoglobin levels (≤44.3 mmol/mol, 44.3–47.5 mmol/mol and ≥47.5 mmol/mol). To examine the effects of urine pH on abnormal glucose tolerance, participants were categorized into five groups based on their urine pH (5.0, 5.5, 6.0, 6.5 and ≥7.0).ResultsMultivariate analysis adjusted for age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, creatinine and antidiabetic agent use showed significant associations between low urine pH and both high fasting plasma glucose and high glycated hemoglobin levels (P for trend = 0.0260, 0.0075) in men. Furthermore, after the same adjustments, prevalence rates of abnormal glucose tolerance (≥6.11 mmol/L and ≥6.99 mmol/L), increased significantly as urine pH levels decreased (P for trend = 0.0483, 0.0181) in men. In women, a similar trend was observed without a significant difference.ConclusionsLow urine pH is significantly associated with abnormal glucose tolerance; therefore, measuring urine pH might prove useful for identifying patients at high risk for diabetes.
Inflation Announcements and Social Dynamics
Authors: HACHEM KINDA , WU JING CYNTHIA 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe propose a new framework for understanding the effectiveness of central bank announcements when firms have heterogeneous inflation expectations. Expectations are updated through social dynamics and, with heterogeneity, not all firms choose to operate, putting downward pressure on realized inflation. Our model rationalizes why countries stuck at the zero lower bound have had a hard time increasing inflation without being aggressive. The same model also predicts that announcing an abrupt target to disinflate will cause inflation to undershoot the target, whereas announcing gradual targets will not. We present new empirical evidence that corroborates this prediction.
Microdata Evidence on the Empirical Importance of Selection Effects in Menu‐Cost Models
Authors: CARLSSON MIKAEL 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe use microdata on product prices linked to information on the producing firms that set them to study to what extent the timing of price changes reacts to changes in marginal cost. This self‐selection of price changes is a key feature in the canonical Menu‐Cost model a la Golosov and Lucas Jr. (2007), which may generate near monetary neutrality (Golosov and Lucas Jr. 2007, Karadi and Reiff 2016), but is absent in the Calvo (1983) model. We find that the microdata strongly favors the Calvo (1983) model. Thus, upstream in the supply chain, price setting is best characterized by a very low degree of self‐selection into price changes.
Evaluation of Immediate Implants Augmented with Autogenous Bone/Melatonin Composite Graft in the Esthetic Zone: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hazzaa Hala H. A. , El‐Kilani Naglaa Sh. , Elsayed Shadia Abd‐Elhameed , Abd El Massieh Phoebe M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes following the application of autogenous bone (ABG)/melatonin composite graft around immediate implants in the esthetic zone compared to ABG alone.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐six patients with two nonrestorable anterior/premolar teeth were randomly classified into two equal groups. Dental implants were immediately inserted either with ABG (control group) or ABG/melatonin (test group). Outcome measures were peri‐implant sulcus depth (PD), gingival index (GI), and wound healing scores. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was recorded at baseline, 6, and 9 months.ResultsAt the end of the study, a significant difference was shown in the mean of marginal bone loss between the control group (1.91 mm ± 0.42) and the test group (0.84 mm ± 0.34) at p = 0.0001. The test group showed a significant gain in bone density, 500.73 ± 40.92, versus 420.14 ± 38.33 in the control group (p = 0.0001). There was a statistically significant difference between the control group (0.68 ± 0.42) versus the test group (0.45 ± 0.49; p = 0.044) in GI. PD was significantly reduced at the end of the study in the test group (0.42 mm ± 0.50; p = 0.002), with a similar significant improvement in the healing scores (p = 0.026).ConclusionWithin the limitations of this study, immediate implants augmented with ABG/melatonin composite graft would be a valuable option in the esthetic zone.
Analysis of Surface Roughness, Fracture Toughness, and Weibull Characteristics of Different Framework—Veneer Dental Ceramic Assemblies after Grinding, Polishing, and Glazing
Authors: Pradíes Guillermo , Godoy‐Ruiz Laura , Özcan Mutlu , Moreno‐Hay Isabel , Martínez‐Rus Francisco 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPurposeTo compare the surface roughness and biaxial flexural strength of dental ceramics obtained after chairside surface modification by mechanical polishing procedures, versus laboratory reglazing.Materials and MethodsDiscs (16 × 1.5 ± 1.6 mm) (N = 90) of various framework‐veneering combinations were fabricated: D/FC: lithium disilicate/feldspathic ceramic; Z/AL: zirconium dioxide/aluminous ceramic; N/FC: noble alloy/feldspathic ceramic; N/FF: noble alloy feldspathic with fluorapatite; B/FC: base alloy/feldspathic ceramic; B/FF: base alloy/feldspathic ceramic with fluorapatite. In each group 10 specimens were ground using a diamond bur (46 μm) and five were polished with silicone‐reinforced disc polishers (25 μm). Surface roughness (Ra) was measured using contact profilometry. After thermocycling in artificial saliva (6000 cycles, 5 to 55 ± 5°C), biaxial flexural strength was measured using “piston‐on‐three ball” test. The data (N) were analyzed using one‐way ANOVA, Bonferroni, and Tukey's posthoc tests. Weibull distribution values were calculated.ResultsSurface roughness was significantly higher in the ground group only (p < 0.0001). Mean fracture toughness was significantly lower for chipping (RK: 287, HS: 22, ISO: 1099 MPa) than for total fracture (p < 0.05), (RK: 841, HS:64, ISO: 3222 MPa). For chipping, Weibull distribution presented the highest shape value (m) for D/FC (3.82‐5.07) and for total fracture for B/FC (3.69‐4.6).ConclusionChairside surface polishing restored veneer ceramic roughness and mechanical strength to the level of glazing. Feldspathic ceramic with fluorapatite presented better polishing results than conventional feldspathic ceramic did. Ceramic fused to metal was more resistant than lithium disilicate or zirconium dioxide framework‐veneer assemblies. Lithium disilicate framework veneered with feldspathic ceramic presented more durability against chipping. Clinical implications: After chairside occlusal modifications in the surfaces of cemented all‐ceramic or fused‐to‐metal FDPs, mechanical polishing procedures should always be carried out.
Self‐determination theory as a foundation for personality researchers
Authors: Sheldon Kennon M. , Prentice Mike 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this introductory article, we first describe the impetus for this special issue. What made us think that self‐determination theory (SDT) might provide a sort of foundation for the rest of personality psychology? For readers unfamiliar with SDT, we then provide a historical overview that covers the evolution of the six “mini‐theories” that currently compose SDT: cognitive evaluation theory, causality orientations theory, organismic integration theory, basic psychological needs theory, goal contents theory, and relational motivation theory. Following each section are preliminary suggestions about how each mini‐theory might be useful or informative in other branches of personality. This special issue contains nine articles, each of which makes its own attempt to newly link its area of personality research to SDT. Even if SDT is not the appropriate seed for greater consilience in personality psychology, we urge the field not to neglect the search for unifying principles (Sheldon, Cheng, & Hilpert, 2011); it may finally be time to renew the search for a “grand theory” in personality.
Navigated retrograde endoscopic myotomy (REM) for the treatment of therapy‐resistant achalasia
Authors: Pham K. D. , Havre R. F. , Langø T. , Hofstad E. F. , Tangen G. A. , Mårvik R. , Pham T. , Gilja O. H. , Hatlebakk J. G. , Viste A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn achalasia, muscle spasm may involve the proximal esophagus. When the muscle spasm is located in the proximal esophagus, conventional per oral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) may not be sufficient to relieve symptoms. In this paper, we describe retrograde endoscopic myotomy (REM) as a novel approach to perform myotomy of the proximal esophagus, with the application of a navigation tool for anatomical guidance during REM. We aim to evaluate the feasibility and safety of REM and usefulness of the navigation during REM.MethodA 42‐year‐old male with type III achalasia who was treated with laparoscopic myotomy with fundoplication, multiple pneumatic balloon dilations, Botox injections and anterior POEM of the middle and distal esophagus without symptomatic effect. Repeated high‐resolution‐ manometry (HRM) revealed occluding contractions of high amplitude around and above the aortic arch. A probe‐based real‐time electromagnetic navigation platform was used to facilitate real‐time anatomical orientation and to evaluate myotomy position and length during REM.ResultsThe navigation system aided in identifying the major structures of the mediastinum, and position and length of the myotomy. Twelve weeks after REM, the Eckardt score fell from seven at baseline seven to two. We also observed improvement with reduction of the pressure at the level of previous spasms in the proximal esophagus from 124 mmHg to 8 mmHg on HRM.ConclusionREM makes the proximal esophagus accessible for endoscopic myotomy. Potential indication for REM is motility disorders in the proximal esophagus and therapy failure after POEM.
The subversion of Mill and the ultimate aim of nursing
Authors: Snelling Paul C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis is lightly edited and referenced version of a presentation given at the 20th International Philosophy of Nursing conference in Quebec on 23rd August 2016. Philosophical texts are not given the same prominence in nurse education as their more valued younger sibling, primary research evidence, but they can influence practice through guidelines, codes and espoused values. John Stuart Mill’s harm principle, found in On Liberty, is not a universal law, and only a thoroughgoing libertarian would defend it as such, though it, or its remnants, can be seen can be seen in policy documents. But its influence is weakening. Smoking bans in enclosed spaces were initially justified with other‐regarding considerations, but judgements from unsuccessful legal challenges from patients in UK psychiatric hospitals rely on preventing harm to the smoker, even when smoking outside, which does not harm others. In the wake of legislation, no‐smoking policies enacted by hospitals are becoming more aggressive, banning smoking both inside and outside, and extending the use of power gained through employment to prevent nurses assisting patients enjoy a lawful habit. Mill’s dictum has been subverted, and this speaks to the fundamental purpose of nursing. Should nurses collude and willingly exert their power for their version of the good of the patient? Or should they instead reaffirm values that support and facilitate life choices made by autonomous people? The paper supports the latter option, and this has wider application for nursing which can be illuminated, if not settled, by revisiting Mill and his famous dictum.