bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La Russie et les Russes dans les écrits des prisonniers de la Grande Armée : une approche comparée
Authors: Rey Marie-Pierre 
Published: January 2018

Россия и русские в воспоминаниях пленных Великой Армии Сравнительный подход
Для участия в Русской кампании Наполеон повёл за собой около 600 тысяч солдат и офицеров. В общем, от 60 до 80 тысяч пересекли Неман в декабре 1812 года, и от
150 до 200 тысяч человек, часто раненных и больных, оказались военнопленными. Принимая во внимание беспорядок и от-сутствие какого-либо регулирования, при которых производились аресты, судьба этих пленных была трагична : многие из них были незамедлительно казнены. Однако некоторые, более удачливые, избе-жали казни и были депортированы на Вос-ток ; избежав русского ада, они вернулись во Францию, где немногие написали вос-поминания, опубликованные либо при их жизни, либо посмертно. Что нам сообщают эти тексты об обращении с пленными ? Что они говорят нам о Российской империи и её жителях ? Что они рассказывают о её населении, её нравах, её режиме ? Вот вопросы, на которые мы в этой статье собираемся ответить.
Le camp de Vertus : un épisode révélateur des relations entre la Russie et les autres puissances européennes, septembre 1815
Authors: Hantraye Jacques 
Published: January 2018

The Camp of Vertus : A Revealing Episod of the Relationships Between Russia and the Other European Powers September 1815
The parade of the Russian troops in the village of Vertus, in the Champagne area in September 1815 is a rather forgotten and amazing moment of that eventful year. It was conceived by the tsar Alexander I as a reli- gious, military and diplomatic issue. Indeed, this event has often been considered as an attempt of reconciliation but in fact, it is also a show of force in front of other coalition armies in the context of the peace treaty of 1815. It symbolizes the Russian sovereign’s will of peace and also his determination towards the other allies.
Ж. де Местр, Ж. де Сталь и Г. Ф. Фабер : о характере войны 1812 года
Authors: Parsamov Vadim 
Published: January 2018

J. de Maistre, G. de Staël and G. F. Faber About the Russian Campaign of 1812
The article proposes a comparative study of three different points of view concerning the nature of the Russian Campaign of 1812. We will examine the opinion of the ambassador of the Kingdom of Sardinia to the Russian Court, Joseph de Maistre, that of the French woman of letters, Germaine de Staël, and that of the government civil servant of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, G. F. Faber. In common, they have a European vision of the events in Russia. In their interpretation of the Russian Campaign as a popular [ narodnaja]
war, they meet with the unrelevantness of the antithesis of the Century of Enlightement : “ barbarism – civilization” to explain a new reality, provoked by war. J. de Maistre considered a war against France as useless in so far as, according to him, the Restoration of the Bourbons was a domestic policy problem. Mme de Staël, on the contrary, thought that this war and, particularly, Alexander I’s personality, would allow a liberalization of European politics. For Faber, this popular war was the sign of the unchanging character of serfdom.
A System of Three Super Earths Transiting the Late K-Dwarf GJ 9827 at 30 pc
Authors: Rodriguez Joseph E. , Vanderburg Andrew , Eastman Jason D. , Mann Andrew W. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Ciardi David R. , Latham David W. , Quinn Samuel N. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We report the discovery of three small transiting planets orbiting GJ 9827, a bright (K = 7.2) nearby late K-type dwarf star. GJ 9827 hosts a 1.62 ± 0.11

super Earth on a 1.2 day period, a

super Earth on a 3.6 day period, and a 2.07 ± 0.14

super Earth on a 6.2 day period. The radii of the planets transiting GJ 9827 span the transition between predominantly rocky and gaseous planets, and GJ 9827 b and c fall in or close to the known gap in the radius distribution of small planets between these populations. At a distance of 30 pc, GJ 9827 is the closest exoplanet host discovered by K2 to date, making these planets well-suited for atmospheric studies with the upcoming James Webb Space Telescope. The GJ 9827 system provides a valuable opportunity to characterize interior structure and atmospheric properties of coeval planets spanning the rocky to gaseous transition.
Evolution and Photoevaporation of Protoplanetary Disks in Clusters: The Role of Pre-stellar Core Properties
Authors: Xiao Lin , Chang Qiang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We explore the effects of progenitor pre-stellar core properties on the evolution of disks with external photoevaporation in clusters. Since the strength of external photoevaporation is largely determined by the depth of the gravitational potential well of the disk, the external photoevaporation rate is the function of star mass and disk size. The properties of a core collapse set up the initial conditions of protoplanetary disks, so they influence the evolutions of star mass and disk size. Our calculations show that the core properties can dramatically influence the efficiency of external photoevaporation. For the core with low angular velocity, most core mass directly falls onto the central star or onto the disk near the star. External photoevaporation is suppressed even if external radiation from nearby massive stars are strong. In this case, the disk evolution in clusters is primarily driven by its own internal viscosity. However, if the core angular velocity is high, most core mass falls onto the disk far from the central star. External photoevaporation is so strong that the disk mass is severely evaporated. Finally, the star mass is very low and the disk lifetime is very short. Our calculations could interpret some observational features of disks in clusters, such as the diameter distribution of disks in the Trapezium cluster and the correlation between mass accretion rate and star mass. We suggest that the disk mass determined by (sub)millimeter wavelength observations may be underestimated.
Ages of the Bulge Globular Clusters NGC 6522 and NGC 6626 (M28) from HST Proper-motion-cleaned Color–Magnitude Diagrams*
Authors: Kerber L. O. , Nardiello D. , Ortolani S. , Barbuy B. , Bica E. , Cassisi S. , Libralato M. , Vieira R. G. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Bulge globular clusters (GCs) with metallicities [Fe/H] ≲ −1.0 and blue horizontal branches are candidates to harbor the oldest populations in the Galaxy. Based on the analysis of HST proper-motion-cleaned color–magnitude diagrams in filters F435W and F625W, we determine physical parameters for the old bulge GCs NGC 6522 and NGC 6626 (M28), both with well-defined blue horizontal branches. We compare these results with similar data for the inner halo cluster NGC 6362. These clusters have similar metallicities (−1.3 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −1.0) obtained from high-resolution spectroscopy. We derive ages, distance moduli, and reddening values by means of statistical comparisons between observed and synthetic fiducial lines employing likelihood statistics and the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. The synthetic fiducial lines were generated using α-enhanced BaSTI and Dartmouth stellar evolutionary models, adopting both canonical (Y ∼ 0.25) and enhanced (Y ∼ 0.30–0.33) helium abundances. RR Lyrae stars were employed to determine the HB magnitude level, providing an independent indicator to constrain the apparent distance modulus and the helium enhancement. The shape of the observed fiducial line could be compatible with some helium enhancement for NGC 6522 and NGC 6626, but the average magnitudes of RR Lyrae stars tend to rule out this hypothesis. Assuming canonical helium abundances, BaSTI and Dartmouth models indicate that all three clusters are coeval, with ages between ∼12.5 and 13.0 Gyr. The present study also reveals that NGC 6522 has at least two stellar populations, since its CMD shows a significantly wide subgiant branch compatible with 14% ± 2% and 86% ± 5% for first and second generations, respectively.
Para - And Intraurethral Penile Tumor - Like Condylomatosis
Authors: Chokoeva Anastasiya Atanasova , Wollina Uwe , Lotti Torello , Maximov Georgi Konstantinov , Lozev Ilia , Tchernev Georgi 
Published: January 2018

Condyloma acuminata represents an epidermal manifestation, associated with the epidermotropic human papillomavirus (HPV). They have been reported as the most common sexually transmitted disease, with prevalence exceeding 50%, increased up to 4 times, within the last two decades, as the most common side of affection are the penis, vulva, vagina, cervix, perineum, and perianal area, with increased prevalence in young, sexually active individuals. Increased attention should be focused on lesions, caused by types, with moderate (33, 35, 39, 40, 43, 45, 51-56, 58) or high risk potential (types 16, 18) for malignant transformation, leading to further development of cancers of anus, vagina, vulva and penis, as well as cancers of the head and neck . A provident of coexistence of many of these types in the same patient could be seen in approximately 10-15% of patients, as the lack of adequate information on the oncogenic potential of many other types complicated the treatment and the further outcome. Although the variety of treatment options, genital condylomata acuminata still show high recurrent rate to destructive topical regiments, because of the activation of the viruses at some point, which emphasise the importance of virus- eradication, instead only of the topical destruction of the lesions. Despite decreasing the recurrent rate, the most important goal of immunisation is the reduction of the incidence of HPV-associated squamous cell carcinomas using either the quadrivalent (Silgard/Gardasil) or the bivalent (Cervarix) HPV (human papillomavirus) vaccine. We present a patient with periurethral condylomata acuminate, who refused performing of a biopsy for determining the virus type, as we want to emphasize the importance of the virus - treatment in all cases of genital warts, instead only of topical destruction of the lesions, not only because of the recurrence incidence rate, but also because of the well - known oncogenic potential of some HPV - types, as well as the unknown potential of various underestimated types, in contrast.
Écologie territoriale et métabolisme urbain : quelques enjeux de la transition socioécologique
Authors: Barles Sabine 
Published: January 2018

L’écologie territoriale permet de caractériser les régimes socioécologiques locaux, dont l’expression est le métabolisme territorial, ensemble des flux d’énergie et de matières mis en jeu par le fonctionnement des sociétés humaines ; elle contribue par là aux discussions sur la transition socioécologique. Posant la dématérialisation comme l’un des objectifs majeurs de cette transition, et après avoir décrit les spécificités du métabolisme urbain, cet article aborde les enjeux qui en découlent dans le cas particulier des villes, en traitant successivement des matières minérales, des éléments biogènes et des relations interterritoriales. Il insiste sur les limites du recyclage tout en mettant l’accent sur l’importance des mines urbaines pour certains matériaux ; sur la nécessaire réinscription des villes dans les grands cycles biogéochimiques ; enfin sur les externalités matérielles urbaines que les politiques locales ne devraient pas ignorer.
Spatial distribution and occurrence probability of regional new particle formation events in eastern China
Authors: Shen Xiaojing , Sun Junying , Kivekäs Niku , Kristensson Adam , Zhang Xiaoye , Zhang Yangmei , Zhang Lu , Fan Ruxia , Qi Xuefei , Ma Qianli , Zhou Huaigang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. In this work, the spatial extent of new particle formation (NPF) events and
the relative probability of observing particles originating from different
spatial origins around three rural sites in eastern China were investigated
using the NanoMap method, using particle number size distribution (PNSD) data
and air mass back trajectories. The length of the datasets used were 7, 1.5,
and 3 years at rural sites Shangdianzi (SDZ) in the North China Plain (NCP), Mt.
Tai (TS) in central eastern China, and Lin'an (LAN) in the Yangtze River Delta
region in eastern China, respectively. Regional NPF events were observed to
occur with the horizontal extent larger than 500 km at SDZ and TS,
favoured by the fast transport of northwesterly air masses. At LAN, however,
the spatial footprint of NPF events was mostly observed around the site
within 100–200 km. Difference in the horizontal spatial distribution
of new particle source areas at different sites was connected to typical
meteorological conditions at the sites. Consecutive large-scale regional NPF
events were observed at SDZ and TS simultaneously and were associated with
a high surface pressure system dominating over this area. Simultaneous NPF
events at SDZ and LAN were seldom observed. At SDZ the polluted air masses
arriving over the NCP were associated with higher particle growth rate
(GR) and new particle formation rate (J) than air masses from Inner
Mongolia (IM). At TS the same phenomenon was observed for J, but GR
was somewhat lower in air masses arriving over the NCP compared to those arriving
from IM. The capability of NanoMap to capture the NPF occurrence probability
depends on the length of the dataset of PNSD measurement but also on
topography around the measurement site and typical air mass advection speed
during NPF events. Thus the long-term measurements of PNSD in the planetary
boundary layer are necessary in the further study of spatial extent and
the probability of NPF events. The spatial extent, relative probability of
occurrence, and typical evolution of PNSD during NPF events presented in this
study provide valuable information to further understand the climate and air
quality effects of new particle formation.
On the role of neutral flow in field-aligned currents
Authors: Mannucci Anthony J. , Verkhoglyadova Olga P. , Meng Xing , McGranaghan Ryan 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. In this brief note we explore the role of the neutral atmosphere in
magnetosphere–ionosphere coupling. We analyze momentum balance in
the ion rest frame to form hypotheses regarding the role of neutral
momentum in the lower ionosphere during geomagnetic storms. Neutral
momentum that appears in the ion rest frame is likely the result of
momentum imparted to ionospheric ions by solar wind flow and
the resultant magnetospheric dynamics. The resulting ion-neutral
collisions lead to the existence of an electric field. Horizontal
electron flow balances the momentum supplied by this electric
field. We suggest a possible role played by the neutral atmosphere
in generating field-aligned currents due to local auroral
heating. Our physical interpretation suggests that thermospheric
neutral dynamics plays a complementary role to the high-latitude
field-aligned currents and electric fields resulting from
magnetospheric dynamics. Keywords. Ionosphere (ionosphere–magnetosphere interactions; polar ionosphere) – magnetospheric physics (magnetosphere–ionosphere interactions)
An enhanced forest classification scheme for modeling vegetation–climate interactions based on national forest inventory data
Authors: Majasalmi Titta , Eisner Stephanie , Astrup Rasmus , Fridman Jonas , Bright Ryan M. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Forest management
affects the distribution of tree species and the age class of a forest,
shaping its overall structure and functioning and in turn the
surface–atmosphere exchanges of mass, energy, and momentum. In order to
attribute climate effects to anthropogenic activities like forest
management, good accounts of forest structure are necessary. Here, using
Fennoscandia as a case study, we make use of Fennoscandic National Forest
Inventory (NFI) data to systematically classify forest cover into groups of
similar aboveground forest structure. An enhanced forest classification
scheme and related lookup table (LUT) of key forest structural attributes
(i.e., maximum growing season leaf area index (LAImax),
basal-area-weighted mean tree height, tree crown length, and total stem
volume) was developed, and the classification was applied for multisource NFI
(MS-NFI) maps from Norway, Sweden, and Finland. To provide a complete surface
representation, our product was integrated with the European Space Agency
Climate Change Initiative Land Cover (ESA CCI LC) map of present day land
cover (v.2.0.7). Comparison of the ESA LC and our enhanced LC products
(https://doi.org/10.21350/7zZEy5w3) showed that forest extent notably
(κ = 0.55, accuracy 0.64) differed between the two products. To
demonstrate the potential of our enhanced LC product to improve the
description of the maximum growing season LAI (LAImax) of managed
forests in Fennoscandia, we compared our LAImax map with
reference LAImax maps created using the ESA LC product (and
related cross-walking table) and PFT-dependent LAImax values used
in three leading land models. Comparison of the LAImax maps
showed that our product provides a spatially more realistic description of
LAImax in managed Fennoscandian forests compared to reference
maps. This study presents an approach to account for the transient nature of
forest structural attributes due to human intervention in different land
models.
The Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO2, version 2016 (ODIAC2016): a global monthly fossil fuel CO2 gridded emissions data product for tracer transport simulations and surface flux inversions
Authors: Oda Tomohiro , Maksyutov Shamil , Andres Robert J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. The Open-source Data Inventory for Anthropogenic CO2 (ODIAC) is a global high-spatial-resolution gridded emissions data product that distributes carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from fossil fuel combustion. The emissions spatial distributions are estimated at a 1  ×  1 km spatial resolution over land using power plant profiles (emissions intensity and geographical location) and satellite-observed nighttime lights. This paper describes the year 2016 version of the ODIAC emissions data product (ODIAC2016) and presents analyses that help guide data users, especially for atmospheric CO2 tracer transport simulations and flux inversion analysis. Since the original publication in 2011, we have made modifications to our emissions modeling framework in order to deliver a comprehensive global gridded emissions data product. Major changes from the 2011 publication are (1) the use of emissions estimates made by the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC) at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) by fuel type (solid, liquid, gas, cement manufacturing, gas flaring, and international aviation and marine bunkers); (2) the use of multiple spatial emissions proxies by fuel type such as (a) nighttime light data specific to gas flaring and (b) ship/aircraft fleet tracks; and (3) the inclusion of emissions temporal variations. Using global fuel consumption data, we extrapolated the CDIAC emissions estimates for the recent years and produced the ODIAC2016 emissions data product that covers 2000–2015. Our emissions data can be viewed as an extended version of CDIAC gridded emissions data product, which should allow data users to impose global fossil fuel emissions in a more comprehensive manner than the original CDIAC product. Our new emissions modeling framework allows us to produce future versions of the ODIAC emissions data product with a timely update. Such capability has become more significant given the CDIAC/ORNL's shutdown. The ODIAC data product could play an important role in supporting carbon cycle science, especially modeling studies with space-based CO2 data collected in near real time by ongoing carbon observing missions such as the Japanese Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), NASA's Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2 (OCO-2), and upcoming future missions. The ODIAC emissions data product including the latest version of the ODIAC emissions data (ODIAC2017, 2000–2016) is distributed from http://db.cger.nies.go.jp/dataset/ODIAC/ with a DOI (https://doi.org/10.17595/20170411.001).
The implications of ‘jam’ and other ideation technologies for organisational decision making
Authors: Morrison Kate 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
New advances in collaborative technologies, often grouped under the umbrella term ‘web 2.0’, are changing the opportunity space for organisational collaboration and decision making. Research and development can now be outsourced to external self-organising communities of scientists, new business models rely wholly on content created by end users and customers are increasingly asked for input to the development of new products and services. The way in which many strategic and operational decisions are made, once the sole prevail of executive management, is being challenged by new forms of knowledge, expertise and opinion from non-management employees, and increasingly, from those outside the organisation such as customers, partners and suppliers. The widespread adoption of web 2.0 technologies and their increasing use in the business context, in other words, is creating an inevitable tension between traditional ‘top-down’ strategic decision-making principles and ‘bottom-up’, ad hoc and sometimes unstructured collaborative processes.
This paper examines recent changes to the innovation process and the advent of so-called fifth generation innovation, and discusses the way in which web 2.0 technologies are further evolving these models, highlighting that ideation technologies are an important part of the new breed of so-called innovation technologies. It then explores the particular example of jam events, which bring together a targeted group of participants on the web for a time-limited period to respond to a specific challenge, defined by decision-makers, with ideas, opinions and votes in a socially mediated process. The final section introduces the concept of co-created strategy, and discusses the factors required for an organisation to build the absorptive capacity needed to truly take advantage of the new knowledge created by ideation technologies.
Modelling Creative Innovation
Authors: Ormerod Paul , Alexander Bentley R. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The economic concept of rationality seems inappropriate in the context of creative innovation, because of its assumption that the tastes and preferences of agents are fixed. The concept of copying, of imitating the behaviour of others, has equal claim to the description 'rational' in an innovative context. Models of ‘binary choices with externalities’ are predicated on copying and potentially show us not only why most innovations fail, but also why big social changes do not necessarily require big causes. In the ‘Long-tail’ world of a huge range of choice, however, many choices are not ‘binary, either-or’. In the long-tail world, popular choices tend to become more popular, but not forever, as innovation drives a constant turnover in the popularity rankings. A very simple model of ‘neutral’ copying with occasional originality of choice can explain real-world patterns of long-tail distributions under continual turnover.