bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metformin Use and Risk of Delirium in Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Sun Mingyang , Wang Xiaoling , Lu Zhongyuan , Yang Yitian , Lv Shuang , Miao Mengrong , Chen Wan-Ming , Wu Szu-Yuan , Zhang Jiaqiang 
Published: October 2024

OBJECTIVE
Delirium is a precursor and risk factor for dementia, emphasizing the urgency of effective prevention and management strategies in older adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Identifying long-term, safe, and effective medications to prevent diabetes-related delirium is crucial because of its significant impact on this population. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of metformin against delirium in older adults with T2D, using a competing risk analysis of death to provide a more accurate assessment.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Metformin users were compared with a cohort of nonusers. Multivariable Cox regression and Fine and Gray methods were used to assess the risk of delirium and mortality.

RESULTS
Our study included 66,568 metformin users and 66,568 nonusers, matched by propensity score. The use of metformin was associated with a significantly lower risk of delirium, with adjusted hazard ratios ranging from 0.77 to 0.81. A dose-response relationship was observed, indicating that higher cumulative and daily doses of metformin were associated with greater reductions in delirium risk.

CONCLUSIONS
Metformin use is associated with a reduced risk of delirium in older adults with T2D, with higher doses offering greater protection.
Mirar al norte y reflexionar sobre la nacionalidad: la política exterior colombiana desde 1920
Authors: Domínguez Restrepo Carolina 
Published: October 2024

En el presente ensayo se propone abordar la política exterior colombiana desde 1920, teniendo en cuenta que en ese momento coyuntural se reconoce por primera vez formalmente una conducta de subordinación en términos de las relaciones internacionales con Estados Unidos, gracias a la doctrina respice polum —mirar hacia el norte— de Marco Fidel Suárez. Además, se problematiza la nacionalidad colombiana en lo que respecta a sus implicaciones en el marco de la obediencia a la doctrina Monroe. Para ello se propone identificar la orientación de las medidas tomadas durante la implementación de la doctrina Suárez en la política exterior, y abordar aspectos centrales, como la nacionalidad per se, a partir de un caso sui generis y sus implicaciones, que configuraron la orientación y la doctrina que Colombia empezó a desarrollar en su política exterior y que han perdurado desde 1920 hasta la actualidad.
The Northern Sea Route as a shipping route and an investment transport megaproject
Authors: Novozhilov A. M. 
Published: October 2024

Today the Northern Sea Route is the shortest maritime transport route that connects European countries and the countries of the Far East. One of the key advantages of transportation along the Northern Sea Route is saving time, for example, from Murmansk to Shanghai, almost half than when transporting other routes reduce the time for cargo movement along the Northern Sea Route. The Northern Sea Route is logistically stable, located entirely in the exclusive economic zone of Russia, other countries and forces cannot negatively influence the transportation process. The problem of transportation in the Northern Sea Route is the need for icebreaker support for ships during most of the year, which increases the cost of transit of goods transported by sea along the Northern Sea Route. At the same time, the importance of the Northern Sea Route is increasing: the growth of its prospects is associated, among other things, with such factors as global warming. The Northern Sea Route is becoming an international route. The development of the Northern Sea Route ensures the formation of a transport artery, which represents a global transport corridor. China and other countries are interested in using the Northern Sea Route, which provides the shortest and safest route between ports in Europe and Asia. The volume of maritime cargo transportation along the Northern Sea Route is growing; the Northern Sea Route development project is called the most effective investment transport megaproject in the Russian Federation.
Modern methods of management of clinical and diagnostic processes
Authors: Abramov P. V. 
Published: October 2024

In the context of the rapid development of medical technologies and the increasing burden on the healthcare system, the optimization of management of clinical and diagnostic processes is of particular and paramount importance. This article is devoted to the analysis of modern methods and approaches to improving the efficiency of these processes. The purpose of the study is to investigate and evaluate innovative practices in the field of management of these processes, as well as to demonstrate their practical application using specific examples from Russian and foreign experience. The novelty follows from this — the article analyzes and categorizes the experience of a number of foreign countries and assesses its applicability in the Russian Federation. As a result of the analysis, key areas of optimization are identified (digitalization of medical documentation, automation of laboratory processes, introduction of telemedicine, predictive analytics, improvement of logistics of medical institutions, standardization of clinical processes. Based on the considered examples, the author concludes that the integrated implementation of methods can significantly improve the quality of medical care, reduce waiting times for patients, make the use of resources rational, and reduce costs. The article emphasizes the importance of the subsequent development and integration of innovative approaches in healthcare management — for reasons of forming an effective patient–oriented system.
The Search For Ethnic Citizenship Differentiated From the Quechuas and Aymaras in Puno
Authors: Mamani Nestor R. Machaca , Alanoca Cesario Ticona , Cano Luz Eleana Yucra , Arocutipa Vicente Alanoca 
Published: October 2024

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the search for differentiated ethnic citizenship of the Quechua and Aymara peoples in Puno. It seeks to understand the struggle for recognition and social justice.

Theoretical Framework: It is based on the study of the socio-cultural and political movements of indigenous peoples, analyzing the tensions between the collective indigenous and individual values of Eurocentric citizenship, constructed from the political and legal perspective of the nation-state, based on the rationality and science of the Enlightenment of the eighteenth century.

Method: It is a historical and qualitative approach using in-depth interviews, documentary analysis and participant observation.

Results and Discussion: It reveals that the search for a differentiated ethnic citizenship among the Quechua and Aymara in Puno faces a homogenizing state structure that perpetuates social and cultural exclusion, generating constant contradictions and conflicts. This struggle for ethnic citizenship manifests itself both through culture and through social uprisings against homogenization policies.

Research Implications: Implement cross-cutting intercultural policies that promote participation and equal opportunities in decision-making in the local, regional and national agenda through horizontal dialogue.

Originality/value: It focuses on a historical and qualitative approach by proposing intercultural policies that promote cultural diversity through horizontal dialogue, confronting internal colonialism and promoting intercultural and differentiated citizenship.
Molecular determination of mutational signatures p53 and retinoblastoma (RB) in human papilloma virus-associated squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix
Authors: Ekundina Victor O. , Omon Emmanuel Akokhamen 
Published: October 2024

Objectives:
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix due to the abnormal growth of cells that have the ability to invade or spread to other parts of the body, of which human papilloma virus (HPV) infection causes more than 90% of cases. This study aimed at investigating the mutational signatures retinoblastoma (RB) and p53 in HPV-associated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix.

Material and Methods:
A total of 10 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue blocks, all consisting of SCC of the cervix, were used for this study. The technique employed was nucleic acid amplification technique and various steps for DNA sequencing including DNA extraction and polymerase chain reaction.

Results:
Mutation in the RB gene occurred at different gene regions ranging from 10 to 230, while p53 occurred at 10–945. The most prevalent mutational signature within the RB gene regions was T>C (37.50%), while the p53 gene region was T>A (23%). Percentage mutations at single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of RB were transition (58.8%), transversion (41.2%), Indel (0%), and substitution (0%), while point mutations were missense (65%), silent (23%), and non-sense (12%), respectively. Mutations at SNPs of p53 were transversion (47.6%), transition (38.1%), Indel (14.3%), and substitution (0%), while point mutations were missense (78%), silent (22.2%), and non-sense (0%), respectively.

Conclusion:
Our results indicate that the inactivation of the normal functions of the tumor-suppressor proteins RB and p53 is an important step in human cervical carcinogenesis caused by mutation or from complex formation with the HPV oncoproteins.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ULTRASONIC CLEANING OF THE INTERNAL CAVITIES AND CHANNELS IN THE COMPLEX FORM
Authors: Сарсенгалиев А.М. , Бекренёв Н.В. 
Published: October 2024

Проанализирована техническая проблема обеспечения ресурса деталей топливной аппаратуры и систем транспортировки природного газа с учетом их загрязнения в процессе изготовления и эксплуатации. Показана перспективность применения для удаления загрязнений метода ультразвуковой очистки. Констатировано, что данный метод в классическом применении имеет ограничения по качеству удаления загрязнений из внутренних полостей и каналов, в которых интенсивность кавитационных процессов снижается. Предложен, теоретически обоснован и экспериментально подтвержден метод повышения до 10 раз эффективности ультразвуковой очистки указанных поверхностей путем сообщения изделию ультразвуковых колебаний непосредственно в зоне локализации загрязнений.
Analyzed the technical problem of providing resource details of fuel equipment and systems natural gas transportation, taking into account their contamination in the manufacturing process and operation. Shown promising application for the removal of contaminants by ultrasonic cleaning method. It was noted that this method is a classic application has limitations on the quality removal of contaminants from the internal cavities and channels in which the intensity of cavitation processes is reduced. Proposed, theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed method of increasing up to 10 times the effectiveness of ultrasonic cleaning of these surfaces by the product of ultrasonic vibrations directly in the area of localization of contamination.
The Use of Methods of Scientific Researches on Citizen Participation in Ensuring the Defense and Security of the Russian Federation
Authors: Федотова Ю.Г. 
Published: October 2024

Рассматривается использование методов научных исследованиях проблем участия граждан в обеспечении обороны страны и безопасности государства. Раскрываются особенности правового регулирования данных правоотношений и возможности исторической, синергетической, аксиологической и системной методологии исследования проблем участия граждан в обеспечении обороны страны и безопасности государства.
The use of methods in scientific research on the problems of citizen participation in ensuring the country's defense and state security is considered. The features of the legal regulation of these legal relations and the possibilities of historical, synergetic, axiological and systemic methodologies for studying the problems of citizen participation in ensuring the country's defense and state security are revealed.
Information and Analytical Bulletin "Anti-Сorruption (2023)" as a Relevant Analytical and Practical Research
Authors: Куракин А.В. 
Published: October 2024

Информационно-аналитический бюллетень «Противодействие коррупции (2023)», подготовленный Институтом законодательства и сравнительного правоведения при Правительстве Российской Федерации, представляет собой актуальное и практически значимое издание, посвященное вопросам противодействия коррупции в России. Бюллетень содержит комплексный анализ правоприменительной практики в сфере противодействия коррупции, выявляет основные тенденции и проблемы, оценивает эффективность реализуемых антикоррупционных мер и определяет направления дальнейшего совершенствования государственной политики. Бюллетень предлагает комплексный подход к анализу коррупционных процессов, что позволяет применять результаты такого подхода в различных областях, включая государственное управление, научные исследования, образование и средства массовой информации.
The information and analytical bulletin “Anti-Corruption (2023)”, prepared by the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, is a relevant and practically significant publication devoted to issues of combating corruption in Russia. The bulletin contains a comprehensive analysis of law enforcement practice in the field of combating corruption, identifies the main trends and problems, assesses the effectiveness of the implemented anti-corruption measures and determines the directions for further improvement of state policy. The bulletin offers a comprehensive approach to the analysis of corruption processes, which allows its results to be applied in various fields, including public administration, scientific research, education and the media.
التعمير بمدينة سلا: أنماطه وعوامله
Authors: عربي نزهة , أنفلوس محمد 
Published: October 2024

تعد مدينة سلا من بين أكبر الأقطاب الحضرية المغربية، التي تشهد تحولات مهمة على المستوى السوسيو اقتصادي والعمراني، نتيجة تداخل مجموعة من المتغيرات، مما يطرح عدة تحديات أمام استراتيجيات التخطيط الحضري. لذلك، تهدف هذه الدراسة إلى الإجابة على إشكالية رئيسية تتمحور حول رصد أنماط التعمير السائدة بالمجال الحضري لمدينة سلا، وإبراز العوامل المتحكمة فيها. لمعالجة الإشكالية المطروحة اعتمدنا المنهج الوصفي، والمنهج التحليلي، والمعطيات الإحصائية التي تم الاعتماد عليها في إنجاز البحث على مستوى ديمغرافية السكان، ومؤشرات البطالة، والفقر، والهشاشة. إلى جانب العمل على معالجة المرئية الفضائية لبرنامج (SASPlanet) للحصول على خرائط تبين أنماط التعمير ومكونات النسيج الحضري بالمدينة، باستثمار نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (SIG). هكذا، بينت النتائج أن أهم ما يميز المجال الحضري لمدينة سلا سيادة نمطين من التعمير، نمط تعمير قانوني، ونمط تعمير غير قانوني يشمل السكن االعشوائي والسكن الصفيحي الذي أصبح السمة التي تميز التعمير بالمدينة، مما يشير إلى انفلات التوجه العام للتعمير من يد أجهزة المراقبة، والذي أعطى في النهاية مدينة ذات مورفولوجية متباينة، بين تجمعات سكنية قانونية وأخرى غير قانونية عشوائية لازالت تطبع المشهد الحضري إلى حدود سنة 2024. وقد خلصت الدراسة إلى أن مدينة سلا تصنف ضمن المدن المغربية الكبرى من حيث النمو الديموغرافي والتوسع العمراني، الشيء الذي أفرز مجالا حضريا متباين النسيج، ساهمت مجموعة من العوامل في جعله السمة والخاصية المميزة لمجموع المجال الحضري. وهكذا، يتخذ التعمير بمدينة سلا في جزء مهم منه طابعا عشوائيا وفوضويا غير خاضع لتخطيط مسبق بنسبة 12.09%، وهذا يحد من فعالية برامج وتدابير التنمية العمرانية.
In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Eichornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes Extracts as Natural Disinfection Agents
Authors: Kaidah Siti , Budiarti Lia Yulia , Azhari Nazla Puteri , Ihsanti Shofia Hilwa 
Published: October 2024

Background: Eichornia crassipes and Pistia stratoites are aquatic weeds that contain various antimicrobial compounds and have the potential to disinfectants. Objective: This study aims to analyze the antimicrobial activity of extract of Eichornia crassipes and Pistia stratoites as In Vitro disinfection agentsMethods: This in vitro experimental study tested E.crassipes and P.statoites extracts in combined (EC+PS) forms against several species of bacteria and Candida albicans. The testing of antimicrobial activity using the diffusion method and effectiveness as a disinfectant were tested through the phenol coefficient test. Results: The results of the data analysis of the EC+PS 25%-100% (ratio 1:1) treatment using the ANOVA test and Duncan's posthoc (significance 95%), obtained different inhibition zones for gram-positive, gram-negative bacteria, and C.albicans; EC100%+PS100 extract produced the widest inhibition zone. The inhibitory power of EC+PS extracts ranged from moderate to strong (> 5 mm - > 20 mm). In the phenol coefficient test using a dilution of 1:20-1:250, a good coefficient value (> 1) was obtained from the EC+PS extract treatment and the disinfectant control for all test organisms. Conclusion: E.crassipes and P.stratoites extracts can produce antimicrobial activity with a good phenol coefficient value, which makes their combination a natural disinfectant.
Enhancing Nahwu Mastery: Implementation of the Card Sort Method in Madrasah Aliyah
Authors: Muhlis Wachida , Muassomah Muassomah , Hajar Ibnu , Hasmiati Hasmiati , Rusdiana Rusdiana , Kareba Andi Muammar , Nurfadillah Nurfadillah 
Published: October 2024

The Card Sort method is one of the learning methods that encourages students to actively participate in learning. This study aims to describe the implementation of the card sort method in Nahwu learning, map the supporting and inhibiting factors of the application of the card sort method in Nahwu learning and explore student perceptions of the card sort method in Nahwu learning at Madrasah Aliyah Al-Hidayah Karangploso Malang. This research applies qualitative descriptive research method. Data collection using observation, and documentation. The data analysis used is in the form of Interactive models Miles, Huberman, and Saldana, which include the stages of data condensation, data presentation, and conclusions. The implementation of the card sort method in Nahwu learning at Madrasah Aliyah Al-Hidayah Karangploso Malang shows positive potential. In the implementation of this learning, of course, there are supporting factors and inhibiting factors. Students respond positively to the use of this method. Students find learning Nahwu with the card sort method fun, helps understand the material faster, and increases their active involvement in the learning process
Manhaj al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyyah fi Madāris al-Ṡānawiyyah al-Islamiyyah: Taqwīm al-Taṭbīq Binaan ‘ala Qarar Wazīr al-Syuūn al-Dīniyyah
Authors: Natsir Muhammad , Zainuddin Nurkhamimi 
Published: October 2024

The formulation of evaluation tools needed to apply the curriculum in the process of evaluating the application of the curriculum at the practical level in education units. The objectives of this scientific research are: 1) Describe the curriculum application evaluation model with specifications for the formulation of components, aspects, context indicators, inputs, process, product, and outputs (CIPPO). Based on the decision of the Minister of Religious Affairs No. 183, 184, 189 and the theory of linguistic performance. 2) Analyzing the evaluation results of the implementation of the Arabic language curriculum. This scientific research utilized a research and development (R&D) design) with the ADDIE model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). Data collection tools using interview, questionnaire, and documents. The data collection techniques are Dhelpi techniques; consultative discussions with experts as validators in preparing the instruments, group discussion forum; discussions with Arabic language teachers to analyze the needs and formulate the components, aspects, and indicators to achieve Arabic language curriculum application. And qualitative data analysis using triangulation method; data reduction, presentation, and conclusion. The results of the research indicated that; 1) Implementing the evaluation of the Arabic language education curriculum in the Islamic high school using the CIPPO evaluation model with representative formulas and criteria from KMA 2019 No. 183, 84, and 189 with Dell Hymess' language performance theory Furthermore, CIPPO becomes an evaluation model in the form of curriculum achievement evaluation tools that include components on; context, inputs, process, outcomes, and learning outcomes with all aspects and indicators. The results of the evaluation of the implementation of the Arabic language curriculum for Ma'arif Islamic Secondary Schools Jepara are as follows; 1) Context aspects are at a very good level. 2) Aspects of the input components of the curriculum at a good level. 3) Aspects of the process components of the curriculum at a very good level. 4) The product component aspects of the curriculum are at a good level. 5) The learning outcomes aspects of language performance are at a poor level.
Analisis Pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Keadilan Organisasi Terhadap Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Dengan Komitmen Organisasional Sebagai Variabel Intervening
Authors: Humairo Alya Dahana , Suryatni Mukmin 
Published: October 2024

This study aims to determine the Analysis of the Influence of Organizational Culture and Organizational Justice on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) with Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable. (Study on Employees of the Mataram City Health Office). This study used primary and secondary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to respondents who were employees of the Mataram City Health Office. The population in this study is 76 employees of the Mataram City Health Office. This research is a quantitative research. The analysis method uses Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using the SmartPLS v.4.0 tool. The results of the study show that Organizational Culture has a significant positive effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Organizational Justice has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Organizational Culture has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment, Organizational Justice has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment, Organizational Commitment has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Organizational Culture has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment through Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Organizational Justice has a positive and significant effect on Organizational Commitment through Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB).
Encounters with the Absolute – The Absolute as Encounter
Authors: Appel Kurt 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article explores the contingency of the encounter between Jesus of Nazareth as representative of YHWH and Mary Magdalene that occurs at Jesus’s tomb. It interprets two important passages from the Gospel of Mark (Mk 16:1–8) and the Gospel of John (Jn 20:11–18) in order to reflect upon the Absolute which arises from this encounter. In Mark’s Gospel, the result of the encounter is the reference to a never-derivable and unrepresentable beginning, on which the text of Mark is built. The Gospel of John, which refers to Mark, concretizes this as the beginning of love and the covenant partnership between Jesus and Mary Magdalene. It is a contingent encounter because there is no external necessity for it. The crucial point is that the event of God only manifests itself in unforeseen encounters. Therefore the experience of an encounter which sets a new beginning in motion and the existence of God are inextricably linked.