bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors Associated with Mortality in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Non-Communicable Diseases in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
Authors: Ayele Dagmawi Abebe , Tola Assefa , Assefa Nega 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 has disproportionately affected individuals with preexisting non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Despite the acknowledged risk, there is a notable gap in studies exclusively focusing on COVID-19 patients with underlying NCDs, particularly in the context of hospitalization. This study aimed to assess factors influencing mortality in COVID-19 patients with NCDs in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia.
Methods: A 1:2 case-control study was conducted from December 15, 2022, to January 15, 2023. Cases included COVID-19 hospital deaths (June 1, 2020–June 30, 2022); controls were recoveries. Data from randomly selected medical records were extracted and entered in to Epi-data v3.1 and analyzed using SPSS v22. Baseline vital signs and lab parameters were compared using t-test and Mann-Whitney U test. AOR alongside a 95% CI and p-values (<0.05) were computed via binary logistic analysis to identify factors associated with COVID-19 mortality.
Result: A total of 125 cases and 247 controls were included in the analysis. Cases (mean age: 60 ±14.7 years) were older than controls (53 ±15.9 years), with more females among cases (50.4%) and more males among controls (63.6%). Cases had higher vital signs and lab values. In multivariate analysis, men had lower COVID-19 mortality risk (AOR=0.5, 95% CI (0.32-0.92)).
Whereas, age ≥ 60 year (AOR=2.5, 95% CI (1.1-5.63)), hypertension (AOR = 2, 95% CI (1.14- 3.35)), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI (1.1- 3.16)), severe COVID-19 (AOR = 4.9, 95% CI (2.25- 10.86)), critical COVID-19 (AOR = 6.2, 95% CI (2.38-16.06)) and ICU admission (AOR = 2.9, 95% CI (1.5-5.56)) were significant risk factors for COVID-19 mortality.
Conclusion: The study revealed that older age, hypertension, diabetes, disease severity, and ICU hospitalization were associated with increased odds of COVID-19 mortality. while male gender showed a lower mortality risk. Tailored interventions for vulnerable groups and enhanced critical care are crucial. Furthermore, public health strategies should address gender-specific disparities in COVID-19 outcomes and prioritize preventive measures accordingly.
Energy recovery from the slipstream of a moving bluff body utilizing a Savonius wind turbine
Authors: Lawrence Praveen Laws 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A speeding bluff body forges robust slipstream zones along its length with substantial kinetic energy. Harnessing the available wind power from the slip- stream of a moving body is an unique way of recovering renewable energy. However, one key issue that remains unresolved is the optimal placement of the harvester within potential slipstream range. To this end, the current work calibrates the performance of a Savonius wind turbine within the prox- imity of the slipstream of a moving body simulated using a two-dimensional computational fluid dynamics modeling. The parametric study on the varia- tion of torque coefficient concerning the turbine distance (X) from the bluff body is measured. Along with a detailed discussion on the change in angular velocity, power and energy acquired with the change in separation distance (X) is discussed. The results indicates that a simplistic Savonius wind tur- bine can be feasible in harvesting energy from the slipstream of any moving bluff body. A peak torque coefficient, Cm of 0.264, which corresponds to a peak power of 121.41 W was obtained for a separation distance (X = 0.1d) in case of a single turbine analysis. The reports from the single turbine study sets as a benchmark in calibrating the performance of the cluster arrange- ment of wind turbine and thereby calibrating the mutual interaction among the turbines using both parallel and oblique arrangements.
Wage Dynamics and Volatility Persistence in a War-Era Labor Market
Authors: Houssam BOUGHABI 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates wage volatility and unemployment dynamics in the German labor market during World War I, with a focus on understanding the stability of wages and the increasing trend in expected wages over time. Using a Fractionally Integrated Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (FIGARCH) model, we find that wage volatility exhibits long memory, suggesting that historical shocks, particularly those related to the war effort, had enduring impacts on labor market dynamics. Our empirical analysis reveals that while actual wages remained relatively stable, the expected wages increased over the war period, reflecting workers' optimistic outlook about future wage growth. To address the observed labor market trap—characterized by the interplay between voluntary unemployment and wage rigidity—we propose a novel approach based on optimizing productivity forecasts. This method involves recalibrating productivity estimates to escape the market's stagnation, enhancing the labor market's response to shifts in supply and demand. Our results contribute to the broader literature on wartime labor markets by providing insights into wage stability mechanisms and offering a practical solution to overcome labor market traps during periods of economic disruption.
JEL Classification. N34, J31, C22, E24
Ways to Intensify the Uninhabited Regions Development in the Russian Federation
Authors:   Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Arens Viktor Zh. , Shumilova Lidiya V. ,   Transbaikal State University
Published: October 2024

The uninhabited regions development in the Russian Federation, located in remote and hard-to-reach areas of Siberia and the Far East, where up to 90 % of the estimated resources of especially valuable (strategic) raw materials have been explored, is an important scientific and practical problem. Energy supply of territories in extreme climate conditions, including the Arctic shelf, will ensure the new logistics solutions implementation in the field of exporting ore raw materials to the world market by cheap water transport. The object of the study is the uninhabited regions of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to present a thesis expert assessment of the draft general strategy for the intensification of the development of the Eastern regions of Russia, taking into account the current level of technology and its development. Research objectives are as follows: making an expert assessment of the draft general strategy for the intensification of the development of the Eastern regions of Russia, based on information from speeches by outstanding scientists, professors, members of the Russian Academy of Sciences V. B. Ivanov, P. P. Poluektov, A. A. Vertman, V. Zh. Arens; identifying promising areas for the implementation of the development strategy of uninhabited regions of the Russian Federation on the basis of various types of nuclear power plants. The methodology and methods of the study consist in applying a comparative approach to the implementation of domestic and foreign solutions in the uninhabited regions’ development. The article outlines the technical and economic considerations, made by V. B. Ivanov, P. P. Poluektov, A. A. Vertman, V. Zh. Arens. The general system strategy for the uninhabited regions’ development of the Russian Federation on the basis of nuclear power plants of various types is briefly considered: floating nuclear power plants located on offshore non-self-propelled extreme barges; underground nuclear power plants based on mastered reactors of submarines of the Navy, which can be built in typical horizontal tunnels; mini-river-based nuclear power plants. The underground location of the mini-NPP allows for the safe operation of nuclear power sources. Expert assessments have shown that the project to intensify the Eastern regions development in Russia can now be successfully implemented.
The Content of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Street Dust of the Coal Mining Region of Southern Kuzbass
Authors:   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Osipova Nina A. , Talovskaya Anna V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Azarova Svetlana V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Azarova Svetlana V. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University, Kutischev Alexey S. ,   Federal Research Center for Coal and Coal Chemistry of the Siberian Branch  of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novikov Sergey A. ,   Tomsk Polytechnic University
Published: October 2024

The relevance of the research is caused by the need to evaluate the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) formed during coal combustion. The object of the study is street dust of Mezhdurechensk (Kemerovo region). The purpose of the work is to assess the level of accumulation of the polyarenes. The subject is the determination of the 14 polyarenes content. Methodology and methods are as follows: the samples are selected according to the standard methodology of the areal network. The analysis has been carried out by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The following results are obtained: The average total PAH content is 2 148±364 mkg/kg, a maximum value is 4 011 mkg/kg and a minimum – 401 mkg/kg. The content of heavy PAHs (1 432±163 mkg/kg) is twice as high as the content of light PAHs (716±202 mkg/kg) and the percentage of benz(a)pyrene is 17,0–33,8 %, which is typical for territories where fuel is burned. The distribution of PAHs by granulometric fractions has showed the fairly uniform accumulation of PAHs in small (50–20 microns) and medium (100–50 microns) fractions and their predominance compared with large (1 000–100 microns) fractions: 43,5, 37,22, 19,63 % accordingly. The amount of PAHs expressed in equivalents of the most dangerous carcinogen benz(a)pyrene is 570±140 mkg/kg, and exceeded the MPC (20 mkg/kg) by an average of 28,5 times. The contribution of benz(a)pyrene to the total toxicity is 91 %. The authors conclude that the main sources of PAHs are their emission during coal combustion, their direct presence in coals, and to a lesser extent – the loss of petroleum products during transport.
Quassinoids as Promising Anti-cancer Agents
Authors: Mishra Tripti , Saima  , Banik Bimal Krishna 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The use of current anticancer drugs is hampered by significant side effects and
high costs. In the pursuit of safer, more effective, and affordable options, researchers have
turned to nature as a valuable source of potential anticancer compounds. Quassinoids, a
class of natural terpenoids, have garnered attention for their anticancer properties. This
comprehensive review aims to shed light on natural quassinoids and their anticancer effects,
offering valuable insights for researchers dedicated to the development of novel anticancer
therapeutics.
Modulation of Intestinal Flora as an Emerging Therapeutic Approach for the Treatment of Colon Cancer
Authors: Deshmukh Rohitas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
The five-year survival rate for people with colon cancer has increased explosively over
the last two decades due to major advances in treatment. Colon cancer survival rates have improved
significantly over the past few decades, with some of this success owing to aggressive surgical
care and breakthroughs in other complementary treatments. As a new option for Colorectal
Cancer (CRC) patients, targeted therapy has been shown to be effective in extending the overall
life. A dramatic increase in the number of novel drugs targeting multiple key pathways and immunological
checkpoints has been observed after the success of cetuximab (an EGFR inhibitor)
and bevacizumab (an anti-angiogenic agent). Neutralizing an already present dysbiosis in the gut
microbiome is a novel strategy for combating colorectal cancer and its metastases. Several methods
have been employed to date, such as prebiotics, postbiotics, antibiotics, and the transplantation
of faecal microbiota. An overview of the epidemiological study and possible mechanisms of
colon cancer is presented in this review. We have covered a wide range of targeted treatments for
CRC in addition to diagnostic biomarkers as therapeutic targets.
Novel Chiral HPLC Method for Accurate Identification and Quantification of R&S Enantiomers in Ropivacaine on Immobilized Chiral Stationary
Phase: Development and Validation
Authors: Shaik Althaf Hussain , Kotanka Ramakrishna Reddy , Ruthala Kiran Kumar , Gandholi Srinivasa Rao , Nalla Kirankumar 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Ropivacaine is a widely used local anesthetic for managing postoperative pain,
particularly in procedures such as caesarean sections. While historically used as a racemate, its structural
similarity to mepivacaine and bupivacaine within the pipecoloxylidide group is notable. Both
enantiomers of ropivacaine exhibit similar nerve-blocking properties, but the R enantiomer is associated
with increased cardiotoxicity compared to the S-Ropivacaine, like bupivacaine. This study
aimed to develop and validate precise and rapid chiral chromatographic techniques for quantifying
potential (R&S enantiomers).

Methods:
We used normal phase chromatography with a (3,5-dimethylphenylcarbamate) immobilized-
type polysaccharide stationary phase to quantify R&S enantiomers. The method followed ICH
Q2(R1) guidelines, employing CHIRAL ART Amylose-SA for determining S-Ropivacaine enantiomeric
purity in pharmaceutical drugs. The validation included accuracy and LOQ (limit of quantification)
profiles, with measurement error assessments. Linear regression of accuracy profiles post
square root transformations set acceptance limits at ±10%.

Results:
The method accurately quantified R&S enantiomers, adhering to ICH Q2(R1) guidelines.
Validation showed high accuracy and precise LOQ profiles. Measurement error assessments confirmed
reliability. Linear regression of accuracy profiles stayed within ±10% acceptance limits, confirming
the method's suitability for determining S-Ropivacaine enantiomeric purity.

Conclusion:
The developed chiral chromatographic method provides an effective means of quantifying
the enantiomeric purity of S-Ropivacaine in pharmaceutical drugs. Its adherence to ICH Q2(R1)
guidelines ensures reliability and accuracy in measurement. This method enables precise determination
of S-Ropivacaine content, which is crucial for optimizing therapeutic outcomes while minimizing
the risk of cardiotoxicity associated with the R enantiomer.
Exploring Riboflavin Quantification in Honey via Spectrofluorimetry: A Statistical Examination of Influential Extrinsic Variables
Authors: Khan Shahab , Khan Maaz , Hameed Ur Rahman  , AbdelGawwwad Mohamed Ragab , Elsadek Mohamed Farouk 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The present study is focused on the collection of honey samples from the
different geographical and climatic conditions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and analyzing them for the
determination of riboflavin. Quantification of riboflavin, being natively fluorescent, was accomplished
using spectrofluorimetric method. Riboflavin has characteristic fluorescence spectra with
maximum excitation at 464 nm followed by an emission peak at 525 nm.

Method:
The procedure followed in this work comprised the construction of a calibration curve by
plotting the fluorescence intensity of a series of riboflavin solutions versus concentration. This curve
was used for the quantification of riboflavin in the collected honey samples. The effect of several
external factors such as the altitude of the sampling area, type of honey bee, type of flowers from
which the nectar was collected, and sampling season on the concentration of riboflavin in the honey
samples was statistically evaluated.

Results and Discussion:
It was concluded that the samples collected from lower altitudes have high
concentrations (1.156±0.08 μg g-1) of riboflavin. Similarly, the samples collected in autumn were
found to have a maximum average riboflavin concentration of 1.37±0.06 μg g-1, which was higher in
comparison to the samples collected in other seasons of the year. Likewise, the effect of flora on the
concentration of riboflavin was also investigated and it was found that honey samples collected from
areas where the nectar was collected from Ziziphus contains maximum riboflavin concentration averaged
at 1.383±0.1 μg g-1.

Conclusion:
Based on the size of the honey bees, the samples collected from hives of small honey
bees were found to have a maximum riboflavin concentration of 1.176±0.07 μg g-1. This study suggests
that besides the studied vitamin, the rest of the vitamins and other nutritional components may
vary in the honey samples depending upon external factors.

conclusion:
It was concluded that the samples collected from lower altitudes have high concentration (1.156±0.08 μg g-1) of riboflavin. Similarly, the samples collected in autumn were found to have a with a maximum average riboflavin concentration of 1.37±0.06 μg g-1, which was higher in comparison to the samples collected in other seasons of the year. Likewise, the effect of flora on the concentration of riboflavin was also investigated and it was found that honey samples collected from areas where the nectar was collected from Ziziphus contains maximum riboflavin concentration averaged at 1.383±0.1 μg g-1. Based on the size of the honey bees the samples collected from hives of small honey bees were found to have maximum riboflavin concentration of 1.176±0.07 μg g-1. This study suggests that beside the studied vitamin, the rest of the vitamins and other nutritional components may vary in the honey samples depending upon external factors.
Enzymeless Gabapentin Sensor Based on Prussian Blue-modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrodes for Sensing Gabapentin in Capsules
Authors: Alshitari Wael , El-Said Waleed A. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
In this study, we reported on developing a susceptible, accurate, simple, and
economical electrochemical sensor for gabapentin determination in capsules.

Methods:
The ITO electrode was modified with a layer of Prussian blue nanoparticles and then used
as the working electrode. Gabapentin was extracted from commercial capsules, and a series of
concentrations of gabapentin were prepared for studying the efficacy of the proposed sensor. The
electrochemical measurements were performed using cyclic voltammetry and square wave
voltammetry techniques.

Results:
The sensitivity and selectivity of the developed electrode toward gabapentin in different
interferences, including citric acid, glucose, and urea, were investigated. The modified electrode
showed detection and quantification limits of 31.58 and 94.74 nM, respectively, over a dynamic
range of concentrations from 100 nM to 3 μM.

Conclusion:
The proposed sensor displayed a high sensitivity and selectivity for monitoring
gabapentin in pharmaceutical drugs without a noticeable interference. Hence, the modified electrodes
are great candidates for gabapentin routine analysis.
The Antifungal Effects of Hypericum perforatum Nanoemulsion against Candida albicans
Authors: Panahi Yasna , Yasamineh Neda , Memar Mohammad Yousef , Esmaeilzadeh Mahdiyeh , Zandesh Amir , Dizaj Solmaz Maleki 
Published: October 2024

Background
Oral stomatitis is one of the common infections related to dentures (complete or partial), which is seen in the form of diffuse inflammation, mainly with Candida albicans. The aim of the present study was to investigate the antifungal effects of Hypericum perforatum nanoemulsion against Candida albicans.

Materials and Methods
The microdilution technique has been used in order to determine the antifungal effects of Hypericum perforatum nanoemulsion. The study has involved four groups: Hypericum perforatum oil, Hypericum perforatum nanoemulsion, distilled water as a negative control, and nystatin as a positive control. The first concentration of nanoemulsion in which no clear fungal growth was observed in the culture medium has been considered as the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and the first concentration in which the fungal growth was completely stopped and no fungal growth was observed in the culture medium has been considered as the Minimum Fungicide Concentration (MFC). One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) has been employed to compare the results between the groups. Tukey's post-hoc test has been used to make comparisons between the groups. The significance level has been considered at less than 0.05.

Results
Both Hypericum perforatum oil and Hypericum perforatum nanoemulsion have been found to exhibit good antifungal activity against Candida albicans. The MIC and the MFC of the nanoemulsion form have been found to be lower than the non-nanoemulsion form (P<0.05). Among the studied groups, the nystatin group had been found to have the best effect (P<0.05).

Conclusion
Considering the different antifungal mechanisms and also the different resistance mechanisms of nystatin and Hypericum perforatum nanoemulsion, the prepared nanoemulsion can be used to treat and reduce the population of nystatin-resistant Candida albicans strain. However, the efficiency of these materials needs to be confirmed in larger studies on resistant strains.
Social and Psychological Rehabilitation of Servicemen with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Druz Oleh , Bursa Andrii , Dolynskyi Roman , Shpak Svitlana , Rudakevych Oksana 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
The growing number of servicemen injured during the war in Ukraine creates a need for effective social and psychological rehabilitation and the identification of early signs of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD).

Aims
The aim of the study is to identify the need for psychological support for the rehabilitation of servicemen with PTSD.

Methods
The study employed the Primary Care PTSD Screen (Screen PC-PTSD), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36), and the Rogers-Diamond Socio-psychological Adaptation Test. The statistics were processed using descriptive statistics, analysis of variance, and regression analysis.

Results
This study reported that 29.65% of the servicemen showed signs of PTSD and observed symptoms of intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal. It was established that PTSD symptoms reduced the indicators of physical (R2=0.634, p<0.001) and psychological (R2=0.607, p<0.001) components of the quality of life of the servicemen, as well as socio-psychological adaptation (R2=0.576, p<0.001).

Conclusion
Among the studied servicemen, almost 30% demonstrated signs of PTSD, emphasizing the relevance of the studied problem. The identified negative impact of PTSD on the quality of life of the servicemen proved the importance of their complex social and psychological rehabilitation, involving the use of specific means at each stage. The obtained results can be used in the development of an algorithm for providing socio-psychological assistance to servicemen with signs of PTSD.