bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nutrient and antinutrient composition of improved sweet potato [Ipomea batatas (L) Lam] varieties grown in eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Mitiku Demelash Hailu , Teka Tilahun Abera 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare the nutrient and antinutrient content of two improved sweet potato varieties released for drought prone areas of eastern Ethiopia.

Design/methodology/approach
Matured roots of two sweet potato varieties, namely, Berkume and Adu, were collected from Haramaya University, Toni Research Farm, Ethiopia. The sweet potatoes were ground into flour following standard procedure. Thereafter, proximate, dietary minerals and β-carotene were determined by official methods of analysis. The tannin and phytate contents were determined by colorimetric methods.

Findings
The moisture, protein, fat, fiber, ash, utilizable carbohydrate and gross energy varied from 6.23-6.61 per cent, 2.07-2.76 per cent, 1.25-1.52 per cent, 1.04-1.16 per cent, 3.38- 5.32 per cent, 90.03-91.45 per cent and 382.18-388.07 Kcal/100 g in both the sweet potato varieties. Potassium content (176.17 mg/100 g) was reported to be the highest and registered in Berkume variety, while the lowest mineral content (2.18 mg/100 g) determined was zinc in Adu sweet potato variety. The highest total carotenoid content (3.39mg/100 g) was recorded in Berkume sweet potato variety. The tannin and phytic acid contents ranged from 9.98 to 12.94 mg/100 g and from 0.24 to 0.31 mg/100 g in Berkume and Adu sweet potato varieties, respectively.

Originality/value
This study showed that the Berkume sweet potato variety has high nutritional potential and less antinutrient contents as compared with the nutritional value of many other roots and tuber crops documented in the FAO database and hence can contribute to reducing malnutrition in resource-poor settings of Ethiopia. Further work needs to be carried out on developing value-added products from Berkume sweet potato variety for its extensive utilization.
HMP Grendon therapeutic community: the residents’ perspective of the process of change
Authors: Dolan Rachel 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to suggest HMP Grendon therapeutic community (TC) reduces recidivism and increases positive emotional and social well-being. Less is known about the factors that influence these positive impacts from the prisoner’s perspective. This paper discusses the factors perceived as most effective in changing behaviour, from the residents of HMP Grendon.

Design/methodology/approach
A questionnaire based on different aspects of the programme measured perceived importance of different aspects. Semi-structured interviews explored these issues in greater depth and detail and the framework approach was utilised to analyse the data.

Findings
Questionnaire data suggested small group therapy, discussing offence impact, resolving problems with others, feeling responsible for self and actions, and open communication were perceived as the most important factors in terms of “what works”. Qualitative interviews supported these findings, and feeling safe, as well as trusting and supportive relationships with other residents and staff were seen as an integral part of the process of change. The analysis also identified some areas for improvement.

Research limitations/implications
This paper offers insights into the process of change for residents, how the components of the TC experience are valued and their perceived impact, offering an updated understanding from the residents’ perspective, and also identifies areas for improvement. This is valuable for current and future TCs for planning and development. It is limited by the cross-sectional nature and relatively small number of factors considered.

Originality/value
This paper offers unique insights into why and how Grendon TC works from the residents’ perspective, using a large sample and appropriate qualitative methodology.
Training for democratic therapeutic community staff: a description and evaluation of three experiential workshops
Authors: Rawlings Barbara 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to compare and evaluate three experiential training workshops, each set up as three-day transient therapeutic communities, and established to train therapeutic community staff.Design/methodology/approachThe author carried out participant observation of all courses and analysed these using thematic analysis. The description is provided in Part 1 of the paper. The evaluation, in Part 2 was based on written feedback from participants and from assessment against relevant audit criteria.FindingsAll three workshops achieved their aims of providing participants with an authentic TC resident’s experience. Additionally, each offered personal understandings of how participants felt and why they felt that way in the community setting.Research limitations/implicationsThis was largely a piece of qualitative research, carried out in the field, to achieve depth of description and understanding rather than statistical outcomes. Some numerical scores were derived from feedback forms. Further analysis of feedback from future workshops will strengthen findings by increasing the numbers of respondents.Practical implicationsThe workshops should continue largely as they are, although there may be some small changes to the designs. They achieve the aim of advancing the understanding of TC staff members.Originality/valueThe paper is based on three earlier unpublished reports and is new published research of interest to trainers in the fields of mental health and experiential learning.
The dialectical development of “storytelling” learning organizations
Authors: Hillon Yue Cai , Boje David M. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeCalls for dialectical learning process model development in learning organizations have largely gone unheeded, thereby limiting conceptual understanding and application in the field. This paper aims to unify learning organization theory with a new understanding of Hegelian dialectics to trace the development of the storytelling learning organization. The “storytelling learning organization” is a conceptual framework presented along with criteria to evaluate different kinds of dialectical development claims in “storytelling learning organization” work that are bona fide instances of one or another dialectical ontology ranging from Marxian, to Hegelian, to Brierian, to Žižekian.Design/methodology/approachOntological evaluation and critique of a variety of “storytelling learning organization” practices posit different dialectical ontology and consequences for theory and practice. Through a case example of business process reengineering (BPR) in a “public research university (PRU)”, the storytelling of “schooling” versus “education” ideas and practices, in a place, in a period and in material ways of mattering, never achieves synthesis. The dialectical development of resistance to implementation evolves toward transcendence into irreducible oppositions of ontological incompleteness – the essence of a learning organization.FindingsThis ontological analysis focuses on the use of ideas and practices by opposing storytelling agents and actants to uncover a learning organization’s dialectical development in its own storytelling, its narrative and counter-narrative enactments, and its attempts to unpack contradictions. The PRU under study has gone through a series of financial crises, and its learning organization responses were downsizing staff and faculty positions and implementing BPR in ways that worsened the situation. The process resulted in staff and faculty leaving even before the reorganization was completed and enrollment dropped dramatically, in great part due to the negative press and the excessive standardization of the curriculum that accompanies “schooling” displacing acts of “education” practices and ideations. Meanwhile, the administrators are still trying to manage the narrative and control it so as to forestall additional attrition.Originality/valueThe theory of “storytelling learning organization” is original. The question answered here has practical value because institutions have choices to make concerning the kind of dialectical narrative and counter-narrative development that is cultivated, and there are options for transforming or moving to an alternative narrative and counter-narrative development process. The analysis of the case also illustrates a pattern of intervention that is, on the one hand, unsuccessful in developing “higher” education and, on the other hand, successful in shutting down the efficacy of a PRU by centrist use of reengineering to accomplish more schooling, more downsizing and more installation of “academic capitalism” ideas and practices.
Error management practices interacting with national and organizational culture
Authors: Göktürk Söheyda , Bozoglu Oguzhan , Günçavdi Gizem 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Elements of national and organizational cultures can contribute much to the success of error management in organizations. Accordingly, this study aims to consider how errors were approached in two state university departments in Turkey in relation to their specific organizational and national cultures.

Design/methodology/approach
The study follows a qualitative case study design, and the data were collected through five focus groups. The cases under consideration were two state university departments of different organizational sizes.

Findings
The results showed that organizational and national culture elements (collectivism, high power distance and relatively low future orientation) significantly interacted with error management practices. In both of the organizations studied, there were found to be limited attempts to prevent the errors unless there was an emergent situation. Error detection was shown to be slow and hindered because of indirect communication among staff. Ultimately, effective error management in these organizations was identified as being unattainable because of negative emotional reactions to errors, lower reporting, restricted communication, potential face loss considerations and lack of feedback.

Originality/value
The findings of the current work extend earlier error management research with empirical data drawn from two cases in the higher education domain. Thus, the study offers preliminary research into the error process in education, and contributes to future research relating organizational culture to error processes.
A note on systems intelligence in knowledge management
Authors: Sasaki Yasuo 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to show that systems intelligence (SI) can be a useful perspective in knowledge management, particularly in the context of the socialization, externalization, combination and internalization (SECI) model. SI is a recently developed systemic concept, a certain kind of human intelligence based on a systems thinking perspective.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper first provides an overview of the related literature, and then conceptually discusses the role of SI in organizational knowledge creations.

Findings
SI can work as a powerful momentum in each stage as well as the whole process of SECI.

Originality/value
This paper is the first application of SI to the field of knowledge management. It provides us with a new perspective to touch human factors in knowledge management processes, which are considered to be essential in the SECI model.
N-loop learning: part II – an empirical investigation
Authors: Simonin Bernard L. 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThrough a survey of firm’s experiences with strategic alliances and a structural equation modeling approach, the aim of this study is to stimulate further interest in modeling and empirical research in the area of N-loop learning. Although the concepts of single-loop and double-loop learning, in particular, are well established in the literature, limited research has been directed toward their empirical validation and finer understanding.Design/methodology/approachBased on a large sample of technology firms, a MIMIC model is proposed and tested with respect to the development of collaborative know-how via the adoption and conduct of different structural choices on how to deploy strategic alliances (single-loop vs double-loop approach). Results are cross-validated.FindingsBased on the results of two structural equation models, the findings support the fit of the proposed conceptual model and the notion that, overall, the greater the extent of double-loop over single-loop learning, the higher the level of collaborative know-how derived.Originality/valueThe call for the empirical investigation of N-loop learning is met by providing an example of survey-based research. The possible benefits of “double-loop” over “single-loop” learning are modeled and tested empirically.
Impact of Disease Prevalence Adjustment on Hospitalization Rates for Chronic Ambulatory Care–Sensitive Conditions in Germany
Authors: Pollmanns Johannes , Romano Patrick S. , Weyermann Maria , Geraedts Max , Drösler Saskia E. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo explore effects of disease prevalence adjustment on ambulatory care–sensitive hospitalization (ACSH) rates used for quality comparisons.Data Sources/Study SettingCounty‐level hospital administrative data on adults discharged from German hospitals in 2011 and prevalence estimates based on administrative ambulatory diagnosis data were used.Study DesignA retrospective cross‐sectional study using in‐ and outpatient secondary data was performed.Data CollectionHospitalization data for hypertension, diabetes, heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma were obtained from the German Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) database. Prevalence estimates were obtained from the German Central Research Institute of Ambulatory Health Care.Principal FindingsCrude hospitalization rates varied substantially across counties (coefficients of variation [CV] 28–37 percent across conditions); this variation was reduced by prevalence adjustment (CV 21–28 percent). Prevalence explained 40–50 percent of the observed variation (r = 0.65–0.70) in ACSH rates for all conditions except asthma (r = 0.07). Between 30 percent and 38 percent of areas moved into or outside condition‐specific control limits with prevalence adjustment.ConclusionsUnadjusted ACSH rates should be used with caution for high‐stakes public reporting as differences in prevalence may have a marked impact. Prevalence adjustment should be considered in models analyzing ACSH.
Effects of Spray‐Drying Parameters on In Vitro Functional Properties of Camu‐Camu (Myrciaria dubia Mc. Vaugh): A Typical Amazonian Fruit
Authors: Fujita Alice , Souza Volnei Brito , Daza Luis Daniel , Fávaro‐Trindade Carmen Silvia , Granato Daniel , Genovese Maria Inés 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCamu‐camu (Myrciaria dubia) fruit is a rich source of bioactive compounds but its shelf life is rather short. Therefore, this study was aimed to evaluate the effect of inlet air temperature (T) and concentration (C) of maltodextrin and arabic gum on the spray‐drying process of commercial camu‐camu pulps (São Paulo and Manaus). Moisture, solubility, total phenolics (TP), ascorbic acid (AA), and proanthocyanidins (PAC) contents, and in vitro antioxidant capacity of the powders (FRAP, DPPH, Folin–Ciocalteu's reducing capacity were measured). Arabic gum resulted in better yields (22% to 30%), powder solubility (84% to 90%), and lower losses of analyzed compounds than the powders manufactured with maltodextrin. Overall, inlet air temperature had a lower impact on the responses studied than the concentration of carrier agents. Polynomial equations were generated for AA (R2 = 0.993), TP (R2 = 0.735), PAC (R2 = 0.946), and for the antioxidant capacity assays (0.867 ≤ R2 ≤ 0.963). In addition, principal component analysis showed that the lowest concentration of carrier agents (6%) in spray drying resulted in the lowest losses of bioactive compounds and, consequently, the highest antioxidant capacity.
Role of amino acids in rheumatoid arthritis studied by metabolomics
Authors: He Min , Harms Amy C. , van Wijk Eduard , Wang Mei , Berger Ruud , Koval Slavik , Hankemeier Thomas , van der Greef Jan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex, chronic autoimmune disease characterized by various inflammatory symptoms, including joint swelling, joint pain, and both structural and functional joint damage. The most commonly used animal model for studying RA is mice with collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA); the wide use of this model is due primarily to many similarities with RA in human patients. Metabolomics is used increasingly in biological studies for diagnosing disease and for predicting and evaluating drug interventions, as a large number of disease‐associated metabolites can be analyzed and interpreted from a biological perspective.AimTo profile free amino acids and their biogenic metabolites in CIA mice plasma.MethodUltra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry coupled with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used for metabolomics study.ResultsProfile of 45 amine metabolites, including free amino acids and their biogenic metabolites in plasma was obtained from CIA mice. We found that the plasma levels of 20 amine metabolites were significantly decreased in the CIA group.ConclusionThe results suggest that a disordered amine response is linked to RA‐associated muscle wasting and energy expenditure.
Characterization of maize chitinase‐A, a tough allergenic molecule
Authors: Volpicella M. , Leoni C. , Fanizza I. , Distaso M. , Leoni G. , Farioli L. , Naumann T. , Pastorello E. , Ceci L. R. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFood allergies are recognized as an increasing health concern. Proteins commonly identified as food allergens tend to have one of about 30 different biochemical activities. This leads to the assumption that food allergens must have specific structural features which causes their allergenicity. But these structural features are not completely understood. Uncovering the structural basis of allergenicity would allow improved diagnosis and therapy of allergies and would provide insights for safer food production. The availability of recombinant food allergens can accelerate their structural analysis and benefit specific studies in allergology. Plant chitinases are an example of food allergenic proteins for which structural analysis of allergenicity has only partially been reported. The recombinant maize chitinase, rChiA, was purified from Pichia pastoris extracellular medium by differential precipitation and cation exchange chromatography. Enzyme activity was evaluated by halo‐assays and microcalorimetric procedures. rChiA modeling was performed by a two‐step procedure, using the Swiss‐Model server and Modeller software. Allergenicity of rChiA was verified by immunoblot assays with sera from allergic subjects. rChiA is active in the hydrolysis of glycol chitin and tetra‐N‐acetylchitotetraose and maintains its activity at high temperatures (70°C) and low pH (pH 3). The molecule is also reactive with IgE from sera of maize‐allergic subjects. rChiA is a valuable molecule for further studies on structure‐allergenicity relationships and as a tool for diagnosing allergies.
Early response predicts a sustained response to eluxadoline in patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea in two Phase 3 studies
Authors: Chey W. D. , Dove L. S. , Andrae D. A. , Covington P. S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundThe mixed μ‐ and κ‐opioid receptor agonist and δ‐opioid receptor antagonist, eluxadoline, is licensed in the USA for the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhoea (IBS‐D), based on the results of two large Phase 3 clinical trials.AimTo understand the time course of treatment benefits with eluxadoline by comparing responder rates over the first month of treatment with responder rates over longer treatment intervals.MethodsIn this post hoc analysis of two Phase 3 studies, composite and adequate relief (AR) responder rates were calculated over month 1 and patients were stratified by their responder status. Cumulative counts over subsequent intervals (months 1–3, months 1–6, months 2 through 6) were tallied.ResultsThe studies randomised 2428 patients. Over month 1, 24.6%, 22.8% and 12.5% of patients were composite responders with eluxadoline 100 mg, eluxadoline 75 mg and placebo respectively. For month 1 responders, 77.8% and 81.5% (over months 1–3) and 70.7% and 73.9% (over months 1–6) showed a continuous response with eluxadoline 100 mg and 75 mg respectively. [Correction added on 5 April 2017, after first online publication: The percentage for the responders over months 1–3 was previously wrong and has been corrected.] Of the month 1 nonresponders, <20% showed a response over months 1–3 or months 1–6. Similar results were seen for the analysis of proportions of AR responders over these time intervals.ConclusionsOver two‐thirds of patients who respond over the first month retain a positive response over 6 months of treatment with eluxadoline, indicating that early clinical response to eluxadoline is associated with sustained benefits for up to 6 months in patients with IBS‐D.
A tropical epiphytic orchid uses a low‐light interception strategy in a spatially heterogeneous light environment
Authors: Ventre‐Lespiaucq Agustina B. , Delgado Juan A. , Ospina‐Calderón Nhora H. , Otero Joel T. , Escudero Adrián , Sánchez María A. , Balaguer Luis , Flanagan Nicola S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLight is considered a non‐limiting factor for vascular epiphytes. Nevertheless, an epiphyte's access to light may be limited by phorophyte shading and the spatio‐temporal environmental patchiness characteristic of epiphytic habitats. We assessed the extent to which potential light interception in Rodriguezia granadensis, an epiphytic orchid, is determined by individual factors (plant size traits and leaf traits), or environmental heterogeneity (light patchiness) within the crown of the phorophyte, or both. We studied 104 adult plants growing on Psidium guajava trees in two habitats with contrasting canopy cover: a dry tropical forest edge, and isolated trees in a pasture. We recorded the number of leaves and the leaf area, the leaf position angles, and the potential exposure of the leaf surface to direct irradiance (silhouette area of the leaf blade), and the potential irradiance incident on each plant. We found the epiphytes experience a highly heterogeneous light environment in the crowns of P. guajava. Nonetheless, R. granadensis plants displayed a common light interception strategy typical of low‐light environments, resembling terrestrial, forest understory plants. Potential exposure of the total leaf surface to direct irradiance correlated positively with plant size and within‐plant variation in leaf orientation. In many‐leaved individuals, within‐plant variation in leaf angles produced complementary leaf positions that enhanced potential light interception. This light interception strategy suggests that, in contrast to current wisdom, enhancing light capture is important for vascular epiphytes in canopies with high spatio‐temporal heterogeneity in light environments.