bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a new tandem mass spectrometry method for urine and amniotic fluid screening of oligosaccharidoses
Authors: Piraud Monique , Pettazzoni Magali , Menegaut Louise , Caillaud Catherine , Nadjar Yann , Vianey‐Saban Christine , Froissart Roseline 
Published: March 2017

RationaleThe first step in the diagnosis of oligosaccharidoses is to evidence abnormal oligosaccharides excreted in urine, usually performed by the poorly sensitive but efficient thin layer chromatography (TLC) method. Developing a tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) technique could be of great interest to replace TLC.MethodsAbnormal underivatized oligosaccharides have been recently studied using matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry, allowing the unambiguous identification of oligosaccharidoses. Based on this previous work, we developed an advantageous and efficient liquid chromatography (LC)/MS/MS method using a more common triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer for oligosaccharides analysis.ResultsOligosaccharidoses (n = 97) and control (n = 240) urine samples were analysed. A specific pattern was obtained for each oligosaccharidosis using this method. In urine, it allows not only the identification of all the oligosaccharidoses previously identified by TLC (fucosidosis, alphamannosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, GM1 gangliosidosis, sialidosis, galactosialidosis and Schindler disease), but also extends the field of diagnosis to mucolipidosis type II, Sandhoff disease, and β‐mannosidosis. The same technique was applied to 16 amniotic fluid supernatants from oligosaccharidosis‐affected foetuses (n = 16) compared with 37 unaffected. All the affected foetuses could be clearly identified: sialidosis (n = 3), galactosialidosis (n = 4), aspartylglucosaminuria (n = 1), mucolipidosis type II (n = 4) or GM1 gangliosidosis (n = 4). This technique can be applied to early prenatal diagnosis as well as to the oligosaccharidosis screening in the case of non‐immune hydrops fetalis.ConclusionsThe method is quick and easy to run, with an LC analysis time of 13 min per sample. The quantitative validation could not be obtained in the absence of a specific standard and of a labelled internal standard for each compound. Even if this LC/MS/MS method is only qualitative, it is very specific and much more sensitive than TLC. It allows the urinary screening of oligosaccharidoses, even mild or late‐onset forms, and the screening of antenatal forms in amniotic fluid. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of piperine metabolites in rats by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Gao Tingting , Xue Haiping , Lu Lu , Zhang Tong , Han Han 
Published: March 2017

RationalePiperine is a major constituent of Piper nigrum L. and is a naturally bioactive alkaloid. Structural changes in piperine have been shown to result in different biological effects. The present study aims to investigate piperine metabolites in rat plasma, bile, urine, and feces after oral administration.MethodsThe metabolic pathway of piperine in vivo was investigated using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography (UHLPC) combined with electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (QTOF‐MS). Piperine metabolites were found and identified by fragmentation patterns and accurate mass measurements.ResultsThe 12 metabolites detected and identified were divided into three groups: methylenedioxycyclic ring‐opening metabolites (M01–M08), methylenedioxycyclic ring‐oxidizing metabolites (M09–M11), and piperidine ring‐cleavage metabolites (M12). Seven piperine metabolites, including M02, M03, M04, M05, M09, M10 and M11, were reported for the first time in the literature.ConclusionsResults showed that the principal metabolism pathways of piperine in rat were reduction and demethylation after ring‐opening, and that UHPLC/QTOF‐MS can serve as an important analytical platform to gather the piperine metabolism profile. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of femoral tunnel positions on graft stress in outside‐in ACL reconstruction surgery during continuous knee motion: A simulation study
Authors: Kang Kyungmin , Bae Tae Soo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground:Previous studies regarding the optimal femoral tunnel location for an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction were based on static experiments at specific angles, and did not consider continuous motion of the knee.Methods:Twenty‐four surgical sites were set and continuous kinematic data, obtained from motion analysis, was used to describe knee movement. The bending angle and stress of the ACL graft as well as the length of the femoral tunnel was calculated through multi‐flexible body dynamics analysis.Results:The lowest stress was found at both 5 mm and 10 mm radius at a proximal posterior of 45°, and the highest stress was also found at a distal 15 mm radius. Relatively high stresses were also identified between the distal and anterior regions as well as the distal and posterior regions at 15 mm radius.Conclusion:Considering the availability of surgery, it was identified that the optimum femoral tunnel location is at 10 mm radius locations at a proximal posterior of 45°.
Relative attitude formation control of multi‐agent systems
Authors: Song W. , Tang Y. , Hong Y. , Hu X. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper investigates the relative attitude formation control problem for a group of rigid‐body agents using relative attitude information on SO(3). On the basis of the gradient of a potential function, a family of distributed angular velocity control laws, which differ in the sense of a geodesic distance dependent function, is proposed. With directed and switching interaction topologies, the desired relative attitude formation is showed to be achieved asymptotically provided that the topology is jointly quasi‐strongly connected. Moreover, several sufficient conditions for the desired formation to be achieved exponentially and almost globally are given. Additionally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed distributed control laws. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust practical output regulation for a class of uncertain linear minimum‐phase systems by output‐based event‐triggered control
Authors: Liu Wei , Huang Jie 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn this paper, we consider the robust practical output regulation problem for a class of SISO uncertain linear minimum‐phase systems subject to external disturbances by an output‐based event‐triggered control law, where the reference inputs and the external disturbances are both generated by a so‐called exosystem with known dynamics. Our approach consists of two steps. First, on the basis of the internal model principle, we convert the problem into the robust practical stabilization problem of a well‐defined augmented system. Second, we design an output‐based event‐triggered mechanism and an output‐based event‐triggered control law to solve the stabilization problem, which in turn leads to the solvability of the original problem. What is more, we show that the event‐triggered mechanism prevents the Zeno behavior from happening. A numerical example is given to illustrate the design. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrasonic Pretreatment Transesterification for Solid Basic‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters
Authors: Guo Pingmei , Ma Suhuan , Huang Fenghong 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGenerally, ultrasound irradiation is required throughout the reaction for fatty acid methyl esters (FAME, namely, biodiesel) production, which is energy‐consuming and difficult to scale‐up. In order to improve the industrial application of ultrasonic technology, a systematic study of ultrasonic pretreatment solid basic (Na2SiO3)‐catalyzed transesterification for FAME production from cottonseed oil was carried out, and the effect of ultrasonic waves on the properties of Na2SiO3 catalyst was assessed by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization of fresh and collected catalysts. An ultrasonic frequency of 30 kHz, ultrasonic power of 200 W and ultrasonic pretreatment irradiation time of 30 min was determined to guarantee a satisfactory degree of transesterification. The optimum production was achieved in the reaction system at 45 °C with methanol/cottonseed oil molar ratio 5:1, catalyst dosage 3% and stirring speed 350 rpm resulting in a FAME yield of above 97% after 60 min of reaction under mechanical stirring with the ultrasonic pretreatment process. The new process has a shorter reaction time, a more moderate reaction temperature, a less amount of methanol and catalyst than only the mechanical stirring process without essential damage to activity and the structure of catalyst. These results are of great significance for applying the ultrasonic pretreatment method to produce FAME.
TRPV1 and TRPA1 in cutaneous neurogenic and chronic inflammation: pro-inflammatory response induced by their activation and their sensitization
Authors: Gouin Olivier , L’Herondelle Killian , Lebonvallet Nicolas , Le Gall-Ianotto Christelle , Sakka Mehdi , Buhé Virginie , Plée-Gautier Emmanuelle , Carré Jean-Luc , Lefeuvre Luc , Misery Laurent , Le Garrec Raphaele 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCutaneous neurogenic inflammation (CNI) is inflammation that is induced (or enhanced) in the skin by the release of neuropeptides from sensory nerve endings. Clinical manifestations are mainly sensory and vascular disorders such as pruritus and erythema. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and ankyrin 1 (TRPV1 and TRPA1, respectively) are non-selective cation channels known to specifically participate in pain and CNI. Both TRPV1 and TRPA1 are co-expressed in a large subset of sensory nerves, where they integrate numerous noxious stimuli. It is now clear that the expression of both channels also extends far beyond the sensory nerves in the skin, occuring also in keratinocytes, mast cells, dendritic cells, and endothelial cells. In these non-neuronal cells, TRPV1 and TRPA1 also act as nociceptive sensors and potentiate the inflammatory process. This review discusses the role of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the modulation of inflammatory genes that leads to or maintains CNI in sensory neurons and non-neuronal skin cells. In addition, this review provides a summary of current research on the intracellular sensitization pathways of both TRP channels by other endogenous inflammatory mediators that promote the self-maintenance of CNI.
Use of white matter reference regions for detection of change in florbetapir positron emission tomography from completed phase 3 solanezumab trials
Authors: Fleisher Adam S. , Joshi Abhinay D. , Sundell Karen L. , Chen Yun‐Fei , Kollack‐Walker Sara , Lu Ming , Chen Sherry , Devous Michael D. , Seibyl John , Marek Kenneth , Siemers Eric R. , Mintun Mark A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionWe compared subject‐specific white matter (SSWM) and whole cerebellum (CBL) reference regions for power to detect longitudinal change in amyloid positron emission tomography signal.MethodsPositive florbetapir positron emission tomography scans were analyzed from participants (66 placebo treated and 63 solanezumab treated) with mild dementia caused by Alzheimer's disease from the EXPEDITION and EXPEDITION2 studies. For comparison to CBL, a second normalization was performed on longitudinal data using an SSWM correction factor (SSWM normalization ratio [SSWMnr]). Analysis of covariance assessed baseline to 18‐month change between treatment with solanezumab and placebo. Sample and effect size estimations provided magnitude of observed treatment changes.ResultsLongitudinal percent change between placebo and solanezumab using CBL was not significant (P = .536) but was significant for SSWMnr (P = .042). Compared with CBL, SSWMnr technique increased the power to detect a treatment difference, more than tripling the effect size and reducing the sample size requirements by 85% to 90%.DiscussionAdjusting longitudinal standardized uptake value ratios with an SSWM reference region in these antiamyloid treatment trials increased mean change detection and decreased variance resulting in the substantial improvement in statistical power to detect change.
Quality of Life and Patient Satisfaction Following Male-to-Female Sex Reassignment Surgery
Authors: Papadopulos Nikolaos A. , Lellé Jean-Daniel , Zavlin Dmitry , Herschbach Peter , Henrich Gerhard , Kovacs Laszlo , Ehrenberger Benjamin , Kluger Anna-Katharina , Machens Hans-Guenther , Schaff Juergen 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Background
Surveys on quality of life (QOL) of male-to-female (MTF) transsexuals have found low QOL scores before and increased satisfaction scores after sex-reassignment surgery (SRS). To our knowledge, many of them lack standardized questionnaires and comparisons with normative data to evaluate different vaginoplasty techniques.

Aim
To analyze patient satisfaction and QOL after SRS.

Methods
Forty-seven patients participated in this study. All patients had surgery with our self-developed combined technique on average 19 months before the survey. They completed a self-developed indication-specific questionnaire concerning demographic and socioeconomic issues and postoperative satisfaction. Furthermore, a standardized self-assessment questionnaire on satisfaction and QOL (Fragen zur LebenszufriedenheitModule [FLZM]; Questions on Life SatisfactionModules) was used. The FLZM consists of three modules (general life satisfaction, satisfaction with health, and satisfaction with body image) with scores of weighted satisfaction for each item. Results of the general and health modules were compared with normative data.

Outcomes
Demographics, QOL, general life satisfaction, satisfaction with health, and satisfaction with body image.

Results
The self-developed indication-specific questionnaire showed that 91% experienced an improvement of QOL. All patients stated they would undergo SRS again and did not regret it at all. Patients stated their femininity significantly increased. For the FLZM, the sum score for general life satisfaction (P &lt; .001) was significantly lower than the normative data, whereas the sum score of the satisfaction with health module (P = .038) did not reach statistical significance. The two modules also showed positive trends for different items. Values of the body image module showed a significant increase in satisfaction with breasts (P &lt; .001) and genitals (P = .002).

Clinical Implications
The findings of this survey emphasize the importance of SRS in the interdisciplinary gender-reassignment process. The detailed description of our combined technique could help to improve the surgical outcome and patient satisfaction of this complex and non-standardized surgery.

Strengths and Limitations
This is the first description of a new surgical technique (combined technique) for MTF SRS. QOL was assessed by a large number of patients by standardized questionnaires and could be compared with normative data. Because this is a retrospective study, we can draw only careful conclusions for pre- and postoperative changes.

Conclusion
Our self-developed combined surgical technique seemed to have a positive influence on QOL after SRS. Satisfaction with breasts, genitals, and femininity increased significantly and show the importance of surgical treatment as a key therapeutic option for MTF transsexuals.
An additional analysis of estimation techniques for the degree of financial leverage
Authors: Stelk Steven , Park Sang‐Hyun , Medcalfe Simon , Dugan Michael T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study compares three different empirical proxies for the financial leverage component of a systematic risk‐composition model employed in prior financial research. We consider one static accounting measure and two elasticity‐based measures. We find that the traditional static accounting measure of financial leverage provides statistically different estimates of financial leverage when compared to estimates from elasticity‐based measures of the degree of financial leverage. The findings are important because the elasticity‐based models for the degree of financial leverage have clear theoretical links to market‐based models of systematic risk, while the static accounting measure of financial leverage does not. Practitioners and researchers should carefully consider why they are estimating financial leverage and choose the appropriate method for doing so given the goals and potential consequences for biased estimation.
News, Noise, and the Nature of Politics in Late Medieval English Provincial Towns
Authors: Fletcher Christopher 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecent research has stressed the importance of “popular politics” in English political culture especially after the Peasants' Revolt and during the political disturbances of the fifteenth century. Scholars have begun to explore how the structures of local political culture could inflect the nature of politics on a national level, notably through petitioning and the circulation of open letters and manifestos, thus moving beyond the nobility and gentry to consider the influence on late medieval political life of the society and culture of rural and urban communities that were far from the center of power. This article is a contribution to a growing body of work that aims to show how particular aspects of provincial urban politics affected national political culture. By focusing first on news distribution and contemporary conceptual structures that linked rumor, noise, and riot in one continuum; and by then considering the relationship between communal mobilization at times of political crisis and everyday policing institutions such as the hue and cry, the article investigates how the nature of political life in provincial towns affects our understanding of late medieval English political culture as a whole.
The British Empire and International Terrorism: India's Separate Path at the League of Nations, 1934–1937
Authors: Barton Mary 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn October 1934, a Croatian terrorist organization assassinated King Alexander of Yugoslavia in the streets of Marseilles, France. His murder caused an international crisis because of the safe haven given to the group by the Italian and Hungarian governments. The assassination led the world's first peacekeeping body, the League of Nations, to intervene and to propose a legal solution for the political crisis. In November 1937, the league completed two antiterrorism treaties. Only the British colonial government of India ratified the terrorism convention, which was, by contrast, rejected by the United Kingdom on legal and political grounds. This article examines the European origins of the League of Nation's consideration of international terrorism and the divisions that occurred between Delhi and London over supporting the antiterrorism measure. Delhi's separate membership in the League of Nations allowed the colonial government to deviate from London and to sign a treaty deemed necessary for domestic security.
Pathogenic fungal protein-induced resistance and its effects on vegetable diseases
Authors: LIN T.-C. , LIN C.-L. , CHUNG W.-C. , CHUNG K.-R. , HUANG J.-W. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYPlant defence systems can be induced by biotic and abiotic stress. Experiments were undertaken to explore the feasibility of different fungal proteins for the reduction of vegetable diseases. Total proteins purified from three soil-borne and five foliar fungal pathogens had no fungistatic effects nor did they trigger hypersensitive reactions on test plants. The abilities to promote plant growth and to reduce disease severity varied among test proteins and plants. Depending on test proteins, experiments have demonstrated that exogenous application of fungal proteins could reduce Alternaria brassicicola-induced black spot severity on cabbage, Colletotrichum spp.-induced anthracnose on Chinese cabbage and cucumber, Rhizoctonia solani-induced damping-off on sweet pepper and Chinese cabbage, and powdery mildew on cucumber seedlings. An Alternariaprotein effector 1 (Ape1)-coding gene was cloned from two Alternaria spp. and expressed in Escherichia coli. The expressed Ape1 reduced anthracnose incidence on cucumber leaves, indicating that Ape1 was the primary activator in the crude protein extracts responsible for disease reduction. Application of Alternaria proteins onto Chinese cabbage seedlings caused an increase of phenylalanine ammonia lyase and peroxidase activities in treated seedlings, which may have played a role in host defence.
‘If they don't use it, they lose it’: how organisational structures and practices shape residents’ physical movement in care home settings
Authors: HAWKINS REBECCA J. , PRASHAR ARVIN , LUSAMBILI ADELAIDE , ELLARD DAVID R. , GODFREY MARY 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTOlder people living in long-term facilities (nursing and residential homes providing 24-hour care) spend the majority of their time inactive, despite the known health and wellbeing benefits of physical activity and reduced time spent sedentary. In order to successfully embed interventions that aim to increase physical activity or reduce sedentary behaviour, it is necessary to understand the features of the care environment that influence residents’ routine patterns of movement. Drawing on an organisational perspective, this paper explores the structures and mechanisms that shaped different care practices concerning residents’ movement in two contrasting care homes in the north of England. This study adopted an ethnographic approach, using a combination of qualitative observations, informal conversations and interviews. A grounded theory approach to data analysis was adopted. The findings illustrate the importance of translating espoused values of care into tangible and acceptable care practices, systems of management, staff training and development, and the use of care planning in residents’ routine patterns of movement. Understanding how organisational factors shape routine movement among care home residents will help inform the development of embedded and sustainable interventions that enhance physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour. This study is part of a wider programme of research developing and testing a complex intervention, embedded within routine care, to reduce sedentary behaviour among care home residents.
GONE WITH THE EURO: A REAPPRAISAL OF THE PESETA’S ADJUSTMENT MECHANISM (1870-1998)
Authors: Serrano José María , Gadea María Dolores , Sabaté Marcela 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe peseta was the Spanish currency for more than a century and, during this time, it played a remarkable role in adjusting the balance of payments. This paper presents a chronology of the moments when the adjustment was crucial, which, consistent with the macro-trilemma, coincided with periods of external openness. Moreover, this paper provides empirical support to the thesis that links the exceptionality of a floating peseta during the gold standard with fiscal profligacy.