bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glenohumeral arthrodesis for late reconstruction of flail shoulder in patients with traumatic supraclavicular brachial plexus palsy
Authors: Thangarajah Tanujan , Lambert Simon M. 
Published: February 2017

Background Flail shoulder can occur following a brachial plexus injury and is characterized by painful subluxation of the glenohumeral joint and the inability to independently position the hand in space. The present study aimed to report the clinical outcomes following glenohumeral arthrodesis for late reconstruction of flail shoulder in patients with traumatic supraclavicular brachial plexus palsy. Methods Seven patients were included in the present study and were followed-up for a mean of 98 months (range 27 months to 197 months). The mean age at the time of surgery was 48 years (range 28 years to 80 years) and the mean time to surgery from injury was 5 years (range 2.5 years to 8 years). Results Six patients achieved bony union with a mean time to fusion of 4.7 months (range 2 months to 8 months). Non-union occurred in one case. The mean Oxford Shoulder Score improved from 11 pre-operatively (range 4 to 16) to 27 postoperatively (range 16 to 40) ( p = 0.016), and the mean Subjective Shoulder Value improved from 7 (range 0 to 15) pre-operatively to 45 (range 15 to 100) postoperatively ( p = 0.029). Conclusions In our series, glenohumeral arthrodesis was associated with few complications, and effectively reduced pain and improved functional outcome in this selected patient population.
Defining the Long-Toss: A Professional Baseball Epidemiological Study
Authors: Stone Austin V. , Mannava Sandeep , Patel Anita , Marquez-Lara Alejandro , Freehill Michael T. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Despite widespread use of long-toss throwing in baseball as a component of arm conditioning, interval throwing programs, and rehabilitation, long-toss distance and throwing mechanics remain controversial. Purpose: To ascertain the perceived definition of long-toss throwing through a survey of professional pitchers, pitching coaches (PCs), and certified athletic trainers (ATCs) associated with Major League Baseball. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: Pitchers, PCs, and ATCs associated with 5 Major League Baseball organizations completed an anonymous survey that collected demographic data, personal use of long-toss throwing, and their perception of the distance and throwing mechanics that comprised long-toss. Results: A total of 321 surveys were completed by 271 pitchers, 19 PCs, and 31 ATCs. For all respondents, the mean distance considered as long-toss was 175 ft (95% CI, 170-181 ft). Respondents categorized the throwing mechanics of long-toss, with 36% reporting throwing “on a line” and 70% reporting long-toss as “not on a line.” Of those throwing “on a line,” 28% reported using crow-hop footwork while 60% used crow-hop footwork when throwing “not on a line.” Interpretation of long-toss distance significantly varied by position: pitchers, 177 ft (95% CI, 171-183 ft); PCs, 177 ft (95% CI, 155-200 ft); and ATCs, 157 ft (95% CI, 144-169 ft) ( P = .048). When asked when long-toss throwing is used, pitchers reported using it more frequently in preseason ( P = .007), during the season ( P = .015), and in the off-season ( P = .002) compared with that by ATCs. Functional goals for long-toss throwing demonstrated that pitchers and PCs use long-toss for shoulder stretching more frequently than ATCs ( P < .001 and P = .026, respectively). ATCs used long-toss more than pitchers for interval throwing programs ( P < .001). Conclusion: The definition varies for long-toss throwing distance and throwing mechanics. Pitchers and PCs believe that long-toss comprised longer distances than ATCs and employed long-toss differently for strength conditioning, training, stretching, and rehabilitation. This discrepancy highlights a potential lost opportunity for protecting the shoulder. While long-toss is an important tool, a more scientific definition is warranted to better elucidate its role in enhancing throwing performance and rehabilitation.
Association Between Lateral Posterior Tibial Slope, Body Mass Index, and ACL Injury Risk
Authors: Bojicic Katherine M. , Beaulieu Mélanie L. , Imaizumi Krieger Daniel Y. , Ashton-Miller James A. , Wojtys Edward M. 
Published: February 2017

Background: While body mass index (BMI), a modifiable parameter, and knee morphology, a nonmodifiable parameter, have been identified as risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture, the interaction between them remains unknown. An understanding of this interaction is important because greater compressive axial force (perhaps due to greater BMI) applied to a knee that is already at an increased risk because of its geometry, such as a steep lateral posterior tibial slope, could further increase the probability of ACL injury. Purpose: To quantify the relationship between BMI and select knee morphological parameters as potential risk factors for ACL injury. Study Design: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Sagittal knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) files from 76 ACL-injured and 42 uninjured subjects were gathered from the University of Michigan Health System’s archive. The posterior tibial slope (PTS), middle cartilage slope (MCS), posterior meniscus height (PMH), and posterior meniscus bone angle (MBA) in the lateral compartment were measured using MRI. BMI was calculated from demographic data. The association between the knee structural factors, BMI, and ACL injury risk was explored using univariate and multivariate logistic regression. Results: PTS ( P = .043) and MCS ( P = .037) significantly predicted ACL injury risk. As PTS and MCS increased by 1°, odds of sustaining an ACL injury increased by 12% and 13%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis, which included PTS, BMI centered around the mean (cBMI), and their interaction, showed that this interaction predicted the odds of ACL rupture ( P = .050; odds ratio, 1.03). For every 1-unit increase in BMI from the average that is combined with a 1° increase in PTS, the odds of an ACL tear increased by 15%. Conclusion: An increase in BMI was associated with increased risk of ACL tear in the presence of increased lateral posterior tibial slope. Larger values of PTS or MCS were associated with an increased risk of ACL tear.
Differential timing of neurogenesis underlies dorsal-ventral topographic projection of olfactory sensory neurons
Authors: Eerdunfu  , Ihara Naoki , Ligao Bao , Ikegaya Yuji , Takeuchi Haruki 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background
The mammalian primary olfactory system has a spatially-ordered projection in which olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) located in the dorsomedial (DM) and ventrolateral (VL) region of the olfactory epithelium (OE) send their axons to the dorsal and ventral region of the olfactory bulb (OB), respectively. We previously found that OSN axonal projections occur sequentially, from the DM to the VL region of the OE. The differential timing of axonal projections is important for olfactory map formation because early-arriving OSN axons secrete guidance cues at the OB to help navigate late-arriving OSN axons. We hypothesized that the differential timing of axonal projections is regulated by the timing of OSN neurogenesis. To test this idea, we investigated spatiotemporal patterns of OSN neurogenesis during olfactory development.

Methods and results
To determine the time of OSN origin, we used two thymidine analogs, BrdU and EdU, which can be incorporated into cells in the S-phase of the cell-cycle. We injected these two analogs at different developmental time points and analyzed distribution patterns of labeled OSNs. We found that OSNs with different dates of origin were differentially distributed in the OE. The majority of OSNs generated at the early stage of development were located in the DM region of the OE, whereas OSNs generated at the later stage of development were preferentially located in the VL region of the OE.

Conclusions
These results indicate that the number of OSNs is sequentially increased from the DM to the VL axis of the OE. Moreover, the temporal sequence of OSN proliferation correlates with that of axonal extension and emergence of glomerular structures in the OB. Thus, we propose that the timing of OSN neurogenesis regulates that of OSN axonal projection and thereby helps preserve the topographic order of the olfactory glomerular map along the dorsal–ventral axis of the OB.
Formal mentorship in a surgical residency training program: A prospective interventional study
Authors: Zhang Han , Isaac Andre , Wright Erin D. , Alrajhi Yaser , Seikaly Hadi 
Published: February 2017

Background Otolaryngology-Head and Neck surgery resident physicians (OHNSR) have a high prevalence of burnout, job dissatisfaction and stress as shown within the literature. Formal mentorship programs (FMP) have a proven track record of enhancing professional development and academic success. More importantly FMP have an overall positive impact on residents and assist in improving job satisfaction. The purpose of the study is to determine the effects of a FMP on the well-being of OHNSR. Methods A FMP was established and all OHNSR participation was voluntary. Eight OHNSR participated in the program. Perceived Stress Survey (PSS) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were administered at baseline and then at 3, 6, 9, and 12 month intervals. World Health Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WH-QOL) was administered at baseline and at 12 months. Results Baseline statistics found a significant burden of stress and burnout with an average PSS of 18.5 with a high MBI of 47.6, 50.6, and 16.5 for the emotional, depersonalization, and personal achievement domains respectively. Quality of life was also found to be low with a WH-QOL score of 71.9. After implementation of the FMP, PSS was reduced to 14.5 at 3 months ( p = 0.174) and a statistically significant lower value of 7.9 at 12 months ( p = 0.001). Participants were also found to have lower emotional scores (14.9, p < 0.0001), levels of depersonalization (20.1, p < 0.0001), and higher personal achievement (42.5, p < 0.0001) on MBI testing at 12 months. Overall quality values using the WH-QOL was also found to be significantly improved (37.5, P = 0.003) with statistically significant lower scores for the physical health (33.9, p = 0.003), psychological (41.1, p = 0.001), social relationship (46.9, p = 0.019), and environment (53.5, p = 0.012) domains. Conclusion This is the first study to show that FMP can potentially alleviate high levels of stress and burnout within a surgical residency program and achieve higher levels of personal satisfaction as well as overall quality of life.
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in psoriasis: a review
Authors: Mari Naiara Lourenço , Simão Andréa Name Colado , Dichi Isaias 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPsoriasis is an immune mediated chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology and characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and inappropriate immune activation, which affects the skin and joints as well.The immunopathogenesis of psoriasis involves changes in the innate and acquired (T lymphocytes) immune system. The cells of the innate immune system when activated produce growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines that act on cells of the acquired immune system and vice versa, being characterized as atype 1 immune response disease. Fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acids (DHA), reduce symptoms in many inflammatory skin diseases. The mechanism of action of fish oil in the treatment of psoriasis is widely based on the alteration of epidermal and blood cell membrane lipid composition. In the present study, we performed a review of the several studies, which analyzed the action of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in patients with psoriasis. Taken together, the majority of the studies showed that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, mainly from marine origin, have beneficial effects and can be utilized as adjuvant therapy in psoriasis treatment. Both oral and intravenous administration of fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids had positive effects. However, further studies are warranted to answer many intriguing questions, for instance, the ideal quantity of fish oil to be utilized, the effect on different forms and severity of psoriasis and last, but not least, the consequences of using fish oil n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on the cardiovascular features of patients with psoriasis.
Fundoplication for laryngopharyngeal reflux despite preoperative dysphagia
Authors: Falk GL , Van der Wall H , Burton L , Falk MG , O’Donnell H , Vivian SJ 
Published: February 2017

INTRODUCTION Fundoplication for laryngopharyngeal disease with oesophageal dysmotility has led to mixed outcomes. In the presence of preoperative dysphagia and oesophageal dysmotility, this procedure has engendered concern in certain regards. METHODS This paper describes a consecutive series of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) patients with a high frequency of dysmotility. Patients were selected for surgery with 24-hour dual channel pH monitoring, oesophageal manometry and standardised reflux scintigraphy. RESULTS Following careful patient selection, 33 patients underwent fundoplication by laparoscopy. Surgery had high efficacy in symptom control and there was no adverse dysphagia. CONCLUSIONS Evidence of proximal reflux can select a group of patients for good results of fundoplication for atypical symptoms.
La reprise de l’immigration africaine à La Réunion à la fin du XIXème siècle:de la traite déguisée à l’engagement de travail libre
Authors: Chaillou-Atrous Virginie 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In the last decades of the nineteenth century, La Réunion, which had barely overcome a serious sugar production crisis, found itself deprived of its only source of foreign laborers. In effect, the denunciation of the Franco-British Convention by the English government in 1882 compromised the recruitment of hired laborers of Indian origin. Disconcerted, the planters of La Réunion once again put forward the idea, which had never been abandoned, of an official return of African immigration. The closure of the slave markets of Zanzibar and the abolition of slavery in the Portuguese colonies necessarily required new methods of recruitment. The renewal of African indenture in 1887 was subordinated to the establishment of a Franco-Portuguese accord, and benefited from revised legislation. Ephemeral and of minor importance, African immigration did not fill the void left by the Indians. Competing with the recruitment of other foreign powers, the Réunionnais were unable to enlist sufficient numbers of workers. In contrast with their predecessors in the 1850s, the majority of hired Africans who arrived at the end of the nineteenth century were free Portuguese subjects. Their stay on the island was of short duration and they requested, en masse, their repatriation. The planters thereby ceased, permanently, their recruitment efforts in East Africa at the beginning of the twentieth century and progressively resorted to the use of a local work force.
„Królowa chaosu, niezrównoważona emocjonalnie, histeryczka trzaskająca drzwiami” – leksykalne sposoby wartościowania w tekstach prasowych poświęconych Ewie Kopacz (na materiale wybranych tygodników opinii z września 2014 roku)
Authors: Budzyńska-Łazarewicz Magdalena 
Published: February 2017

Is to present lexical ways of evaluation, which are present in press articles dedicated to the election of E. Kopacz for prime minister. The study material consists of articles published in eight public opinion weeklies, which were published in Poland in September of 2014. They are journals with different ideological profiles. Among the noted lexical terms, there are primarily-evaluative as well as descriptively-evaluative expressions. These are adjectives, adverbs, participles, pronouns and modality indicators. Numerously represented are statements in which the authors report affirmations that evaluate other people. The analysed terms invoke, most of all, the utilitarian, perfectionist, cognitive, socially-custom criterion. Among the noted terms, the majority consists of those with a negative value mark. As it turned out, the ideological engagement of periodicals had a slight impact on the media image of E. Kopacz. An almost solely negative evaluation was present in conservative press. However, the press, which can be described as liberal, also pointed the weaknesses of the new prime minister, recalling negative opinions about her. It did it, however, in a more veiled manner.
Tabloidyzacja prasy opiniotwórczej na przykładzie artykułów publicystycznych w tygodniku „Wprost”
Authors: Kasiak Mateusz 
Published: February 2017

Article is focused on the problem of tabloidisation of contemporary opinion journalism. The author argues with traditional understanding of tabloid, showing as an example tabloidisation of weekly opinion. The aim of the article is to show how the tabloidisation in journalistic articles of weekly “Wprost” looks like. The phenomenom of tabloidisation is illustrated based on the analysis of articles describing Kamila Durczok. How the tabloidisation was achieved there? It is more than one way. Analyses of texts show a few methods. Both the choice of subject and the construction of text, visual structure and language of text determine the tabloidisation. Analyses show also the real functions of using tabloidisation in the weekly opinion.
Kilka uwag o polskiej terminologii chemicznej 2. połowy XIX wieku
Authors: Jankowiak Lucyna Agnieszka 
Published: February 2017

The purpose of this article is to present a source that has so far remained unused in the historical research of the Polish chemical terminology of the second half of the 19th century – Słownik terminologii lekarskiej polskiej [English: Polish Medical Terminology Dictionary] of 1881. This dictionary is a result of the efforts which the Polish medical doctors undertook to organise the Polish medical terminology in the 19th century. It also contains chemical terms. What is important, the dictionary demonstrates a phase of competition between two terminology schools: the Cracow school and the Warsaw school, juxtaposing various terms (mainly in synonymic strings) proposed by these schools.
Rodzina i sprawy rodzinne w staropolskich pismach polemicznych
Authors: Kamieniecki Jan 
Published: February 2017

The article presents ways of using motives related to family matters in Old Polish documents written by catholic and Protestant polemicists in both metaphorical and reality oriented content. As the analysed materials shows it was a common practice to use family related motives in religious polemics and to describe real or fictitious pathological phenomena. However, there is no a positive vision of marriage and family in the discussed polemic works. Recalling phenomena unacceptable for the society of that period was aimed at creating a proper image of a religious opponent. However, it led to significant simplification of theological argumentation.
Neologizmy w korespondencji prywatnej Henryka Sienkiewicza
Authors: Mariak Leonarda 
Published: February 2017

The aim of this article is to examine the structure and the functions of neologisms included in the private letters of Henryk Sienkiewicz. The analysis of the lexis presented in this paper reveals that the writer tended to use the word-formative neologisms, semantical neologisms and functional neologisms most frequently. The expressive function of this neologisms is the prevailing one.
A C-reaktív protein (CRP) plazmaszintjének prognosztikai jelentősége az onkológiában
Authors: Deme Dániel , Telekes András 
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Chronic inflammation has a key role in the pathogenesis of malignancy. C-reactive protein (CRP) is produced due to the induction of inflammatory cytokines primarily in hepatocytes. In case of malignant diseases CRP might be elevated without any other condition of inflammation. Thus in the literature the authors searched for correlation between CRP levels and the course of malignant diseases. Normal CRP level measured at baseline correlates with longer overall survival in early staged malignancies. Lower CRP level at baseline predicts better prognosis in locally advanced or metastatic stages. Based on the available data, baseline CRP might be a prognostic factor in oncological diseases. Further prospective studies are warranted in various locally advanced and metastatic malignancies to clarify a possible prognostic and predictive role of CRP. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(7), 243–256.
A komputertomográfia jelentősége az eventerált, óriás hasfali sérvek műtéteinek tervezésében
Authors: Martis Gábor , Laczik Renáta , Damjanovich László 
Published: February 2017

Abstract: Introduction: The eventrated, giant abdominal wall hernias represent a considerable challenge in our practice. Presently, preoperative evaluation of the musculo-aponeurotic elements of the abdominal wall by CT imaging is not part of routine planning of surgery. Aim: Evaluation of the abdominal wall hernia progression in time. Moreover, follow up the changes of the abdominal wall structures following series of intraabdominal surgeries. Method: Abdominal CT imaging were performed on the 1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 18th, and 24th postoperative months after the primary series of surgeries in the cases of 12 patients, whose reconstructive surgeries were not possible. A prospective data collection was applied. Changing of the bilateral rectus muscle morphology, the evolution in time of the midline gap, and the progressive dynamism of the midline wall defects were determined. Results: A characteristic and progressive midline defect enlargement could be settled. Data analysis yielded that the combined width of the bilateral rectus muscles is sufficient to cover the midline abdominal wall defect, although there is an “optimal” timeframe for performing the intervention. Conclusion: CT evaluation of abdominal wall prior to reconstructive surgeries of loss of abdominal wall domain has a strong significance on determining and designing the adequate surgical procedure. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(7), 257–263.