bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Further Study on Errors in Metric Evaluation by Linear Upwind Schemes with Flux Splitting in Stationary Grids
Authors: Li Qin , Sun Dong , Liu Pengxin 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe importance of eliminating errors in grid-metric evaluation for high-order difference schemes has been widely recognized in recent years, and it is known from the proof by Vinokur and Yee (NASA TM 209598, 2000) that when conservative derivations of grid metric are used by Thomas, Lombard and Neier (AIAA J., 1978, 17(10) and J. Spacecraft and rocket, 1990, 27(2)), errors caused by metric evaluation could be eliminated by linear schemes when flux splitting is not considered. According to the above achievement, central schemes without the use of flux splitting could fulfill the requirement of error elimination. Difficulties will arise for upwind schemes to attain the objective when the splitting is considered. In this study, further investigations are made on three aspects: Firstly, an idea of central scheme decomposition is introduced, and the procedure to derive the central scheme is proposed to evaluate grid metrics only. Secondly, the analysis has been made on the requirement of flux splitting to acquire free-stream preservation, and a Lax-Friedrichs-type splitting scheme is proposed as an example. Discussions about current study with that by Nonomura et al. (Computers and Fluids, 2015, 107) have been made. Thirdly, for half-node- or mixed-type schemes, interpolations should be used to derive variables at half nodes. The requirement to achieve metric identity on this situation is analyzed and an idea of directionally consistent interpolation is proposed, which is manifested to be indispensable to avoid violations of metric identity and to eliminate metric-caused errors thereafter. Two numerical problems are tested, i.e., the free-stream and vortex preservation on wavy, largely randomized and triangular-like grids. Numerical results validate aforementioned theoretical outcomes.
Combining Contrast Mining with Logistic Regression To Predict Healthcare Utilization in a Managed Care Population
Authors: Sheets Lincoln , Petroski Gregory , Zhuang Yan , Phinney Michael , Ge Bin , Parker Jerry , Shyu Chi-Ren 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackground: Because 5% of patients incur 50% of healthcare expenses, population health managers need to be able to focus preventive and longitudinal care on those patients who are at highest risk of increased utilization. Predictive analytics can be used to identify these patients and to better manage their care. Data mining permits the development of models that surpass the size restrictions of traditional statistical methods and take advantage of the rich data available in the electronic health record (EHR), without limiting predictions to specific chronic conditions.Objective: The objective was to demonstrate the usefulness of unrestricted EHR data for predictive analytics in managed healthcare.Methods: In a population of 9,568 Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries, patients in the highest 5% of charges were compared to equal numbers of patients with the lowest charges. Contrast mining was used to discover the combinations of clinical attributes frequently associated with high utilization and infrequently associated with low utilization. The attributes found in these combinations were then tested by multiple logistic regression, and the discrimination of the model was evaluated by the c-statistic.Results: Of 19,014 potential EHR patient attributes, 67 were found in combinations frequently associated with high utilization, but not with low utilization (support>20%). Eleven of these attributes were significantly associated with high utilization (p<0.05). A prediction model composed of these eleven attributes had a discrimination of 84%.Conclusions: EHR mining reduced an unusably high number of patient attributes to a manageable set of potential healthcare utilization predictors, without conjecturing on which attributes would be useful. Treating these results as hypotheses to be tested by conventional methods yielded a highly accurate predictive model. This novel, two-step methodology can assist population health managers to focus preventive and longitudinal care on those patients who are at highest risk for increased utilization.Citation: Sheets L, Petroski GF, Zhuang Y, Phinney MA, Ge B, Parker JC, Shyu C-R. Combining contrast mining with logistic regression to predict healthcare Appl Clin Inform 2017; 8: 430–446 https://doi.org/10.4338/ACI-2016-05-RA-0078
An Unusual Case of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection in Pregnancy
Authors: Mehta Priyanka , Vishwanath Usha , Anitha M , Kandasamy Archana 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a rare congenital anomaly of the heart in which there is an absence of direct communication between the pulmonary veins and the left atrium, resulting in a mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the right atrium. It is often associated with atrial septal defect or with transposition of great arteries, pulmonary atresia, truncus arteriosus, or single ventricle. The factors determining the severity are the severity of pulmonary venous obstruction and the restriction of interatrial communication. Uncorrected TAPVC rarely survives up to adulthood. Pregnancy in a patient with TAPVC is very rare unless surgically corrected in childhood. It often requires termination of pregnancy in first trimester as the heart cannot withstand the hemodynamic changes associated with pregnancy. We report a very rare case of pregnancy in a patient with uncorrected TAPVC, delivered successfully in our hospital without any complications.

How to cite this article
Kandasamy A, Vishwanath U, Anitha M, Mehta P. An Unusual Case of Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Connection in Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(2):190-191.
Sonohysterography
Authors: Okamura Kunihiro , Murakami Takashi , Kimura Fuminori , Tsuji Shunichiro 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTSonohysterography (SHG) is a simple, less invasive, and inexpensive technique using the transcervical injection of sterile fluid during ultrasonic examination. As SHG is very helpful for the diagnosis of congenital or acquired abnormalities of the uterus and tubal patency, it is indicated in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding, infertility, recurrent pregnancy loss, and so on. The SHG provides better definition of intracavitary lesions, such as endometrial polyp, submucous leiomyoma, and synechiae, than simple transvaginal sonography. Currently, SHG has become a standard test in gynecological outpatient facilities. Adequate training, careful operations, and thoughtful interpretations are required for safe procedure and accurate diagnosis.How to cite this articleMurakami T, Kimura F, Tsuji S, Okamura K. Sonohysterography. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;11(1):69-75.
Management of a Case of Dropped Nucleus following Small Incision Cataract Surgery in a Patient with Thoracic Kyphoscoliosis and Review of Literature
Authors: Katoch Deeksha , Handa Sabia , Mandal Banashree 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
A curved spine accompanied by restricted neck motion poses a challenge for an ophthalmic surgeon, especially a vitreoretinal surgeon, who needs the patient’s eyes in a horizontal position to operate with the microscope. Literature is sparse with case reports of thoracic kyphoscoliosis for vitreoretinal surgery, although many reports are available for cataract surgery. We report a case of thoracic kyphoscoliosis and ankylosing spondylitis with dropped nucleus into the vitreous cavity following a complicated cataract surgery posted for pars plana vitrectomy, pars plana lensectomy, and phacofragmentation under general anesthesia and review the current literature of such case.
How to cite this article
Mandal B, Katoch D, Handa S. Management of a Case of Dropped Nucleus following Small Incision Cataract Surgery in a Patient with Thoracic Kyphoscoliosis and Review of Literature. Res Inno in Anesth 2017;2(1):21-23.
In vitro Studies on Antidiabetic Potential of New Dosage Forms of AYUSH 82
Authors: Setia M , Meena K , Madaan A , Srikanth Narayanam , Dhiman Kartar S , Sastry JLN 
Published: May 2017

AYUSH 82 powder is an Ayurvedic antidiabetic formulation developed by the Central Council for Research in Ayurvedic Sciences (CCRAS), Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India. It comprises ingredients traditionally used for their beneficial effect in diabetes (Prameha/Madhumeha). The hypoglycemic effects of AYUSH 82 powder have been reported in diabetic subjects. In the current study, the antidiabetic potential of AYUSH 82 powder along with its two new dosage forms – AYUSH 82 mixture extract and AYUSH 82 compound extract- was investigated in vitro for elucidating mechanism of their action by possible α-amylase inhibitory property, insulindependent glucose uptake in skeletal muscle cell line (C2C12 myotubes), and effect on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) activity.
All the three dosage forms of AYUSH 82 – powder, mixture extract, and compound extract – exhibited inhibition of α-amylase activity. AYUSH 82 mixture extract, however, demonstrated highest extent of inhibition in both methanolic (87.4%) and aqueous (48.2%) format. All the three dosage forms of AYUSH 82 also demonstrated an increase in insulin-dependent glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes as compared with control. However, none of the test items (TIs) exhibited activation of PPAR-γ expression in tested ranges, indicating that antidiabetic potential of TIs may not be mediated via PPAR-γ activation. Results indicated that the new dosage forms of AYUSH 82 (mixture extract and compound extract) may be useful for making new dosage forms of AYUSH 82 as tablets/capsule, etc.
Reconstructing paleoclimate fields using online data assimilation with a linear inverse model
Authors: Perkins Walter A. , Hakim Gregory J. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. We examine the skill of a new approach to climate field reconstructions (CFRs) using an online paleoclimate data assimilation (PDA) method. Several recent studies have foregone climate model forecasts during assimilation due to the computational expense of running coupled global climate models (CGCMs) and the relatively low skill of these forecasts on longer timescales. Here we greatly diminish the computational cost by employing an empirical forecast model (linear inverse model, LIM), which has been shown to have skill comparable to CGCMs for forecasting annual-to-decadal surface temperature anomalies. We reconstruct annual-average 2 m air temperature over the instrumental period (1850–2000) using proxy records from the PAGES 2k Consortium Phase 1 database; proxy models for estimating proxy observations are calibrated on GISTEMP surface temperature analyses. We compare results for LIMs calibrated using observational (Berkeley Earth), reanalysis (20th Century Reanalysis), and CMIP5 climate model (CCSM4 and MPI) data relative to a control offline reconstruction method. Generally, we find that the usage of LIM forecasts for online PDA increases reconstruction agreement with the instrumental record for both spatial fields and global mean temperature (GMT). Specifically, the coefficient of efficiency (CE) skill metric for detrended GMT increases by an average of 57 % over the offline benchmark. LIM experiments display a common pattern of skill improvement in the spatial fields over Northern Hemisphere land areas and in the high-latitude North Atlantic–Barents Sea corridor. Experiments for non-CGCM-calibrated LIMs reveal region-specific reductions in spatial skill compared to the offline control, likely due to aspects of the LIM calibration process. Overall, the CGCM-calibrated LIMs have the best performance when considering both spatial fields and GMT. A comparison with the persistence forecast experiment suggests that improvements are associated with the linear dynamical constraints of the forecast and not simply persistence of temperature anomalies.
A synthesis of space–time variability in multicomponent flood response
Authors: Mei Yiwen , Shen Xinyi , Anagnostou Emmanouil N. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract. Catchment flood response consists of multiple components of flow originating from different surface and subsurface layers. This study proposes an extension of Viglione et al. (2010a) analytical framework to represent the dependence of catchment flood response to the different runoff generation processes. The analytical framework is compared to simulations from a distributed hydrologic model. A large number of rainfall–runoff events from three catchments of Tar River basin in North Carolina are used to illustrate the analytical framework. Specifically, the framework is used to estimate three flood event characteristics (cumulative runoff volume, centroid, and spreadness of hydrograph) through three corresponding framework parameters: the rainfall excess and the mean and variance of catchment response time. Results show that, under the smooth topographic setups of the study area, the spatial and/or temporal correlation between rainfall and runoff generation are insignificant to flood response; delay in flood response due to runoff generation and routing are of equal importance; the shape of the flood is mainly controlled by the variability in runoff generation stage but with non-negligible contribution from the runoff routing stage. Sensitivity tests show that the framework's main error source is the systematic underestimation of the flood event's centroid and spreadness, while the random error is relatively low.
Confounding the Courts: The Circuit Courts' Failure to Articulate an Appropriate Summary Judgment Standard in Mixed-Motive Individual Disparate Treatment Claims
Authors: Runyan Derek 
Published: May 2017

The Eleventh Circuit’s decision in Quigg v. Thomas County School District solidified the division among federal circuits over the appropriate summary judgment standard in individual disparate treatment mixed-motive cases based on circumstantial evidence. At the moment, the circuits have adopted, in varying degrees, four distinct approaches. In Part IV, this Note argues that the circuit courts have failed to articulate a summary judgment standard that satisfies Rule 56 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, reflects the statutory language of 42 U.S.C.A. § 2000(e)-2(m) (2012), and recognizes that the McDonnell Douglas burden-shifting framework “is fatally inconsistent with the mixed-motive theory of discrimination.” For mixed-motive cases, this Note proposes in Part V that an appropriate summary judgment framework can be articulated by merging and modifying the Fourth and Fifth Circuits’ standards with the framework adopted by the Sixth and the Eleventh Circuits. Ultimately, this Note proposes the adoption of the following standard: in a mixed-motive case, a plaintiff may survive a motion for summary judgment by presenting direct or circumstantial evidence that raises a genuine issue of material fact as to whether: (1) the defendant took an adverse employment action against the plaintiff; and (2) race, color, religion, sex, or national origin was a motivating factor for the defendant’s adverse employment action.
Crediting Wind and Solar Renewables in Electricity Capacity Markets: The Effects of Alternative Definitions upon Market Efficiency
Authors: Bothwell Cynthia , Hobbs Benjamin F. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT As the penetration of variable renewable energy in electricity markets grows, there is increasing need for capacity markets to account for the contribution of renewables to system adequacy. An important issue is the inconsistent industry definition of capacity credits for resources whose availability may be limited, such as renewable generation. Inaccurate credits can subsidize or penalize different resources, and consequently distort investment between renewables and non-renew- ables, and also among different types and locations of renewables. Using Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT) data, we use a market equilibrium model to quantify the resulting loss of efficiency due to capacity credits alone and in combination with renewable tax subsidies and portfolio standards. Layering inaccurate capacity credits with existing US federal tax subsidies decreases efficiency as much as 6.3% compared to optimal capacity crediting under those subsidies. Compensating producers based on their marginal contributions to system adequacy, considering how renewable penetration affects the timing of net load peaks, can yield an efficient capacity market design.
Accompagner les enfants dits « difficiles » en milieu scolaire
Authors: Roskam Isabelle 
Published: May 2017

L’agitation, l’impulsivité, l’opposition, la provocation, l’agressivité et l’instabilité émotionnelle sont des comportements externalisés typiques des enfants d’âge préscolaire et scolaire. Lorsqu’ils sont fréquents et intenses, les enseignants les jugent « difficiles » car ils sont de nature à entraver les apprentissages de l’enfant ainsi que son intégration sociale auprès du groupe de pairs. L’épidémiologie des troubles externalisés est telle que la plupart des enseignants y sont régulièrement confrontés. Beaucoup d’entre eux se sentent pourtant démunis face à ce type d’enfants. Certains éprouvent un sentiment d’incompétence, d’autres s’engagent au contraire dans une quête ininterrompue de solutions qui les amènent parfois à sortir de leur rôle. Le protocole d’accompagnement proposé dans cette contribution s’inscrit dans le cadre conceptuel de la psychopathologie du développement et a pour but de fournir une série de 12 étapes successives qui amènent l’enseignant à prendre un rôle actif, à s’entourer de « co-éducateurs » du milieu scolaire et du milieu familial, à se centrer sur un nombre limité d’objectifs opérationnels, et à évaluer la portée de son intervention auprès de l’enfant. Le protocole vise encore à instaurer cet accompagnement au niveau de l’établissement scolaire afin d’augmenter la consistance et l’efficacité de la démarche.
Numerical simulations of passing seismic waves at the Larderello‐Travale Geothermal Field, Italy
Authors: Lupi Matteo , Fuchs Florian , Saenger Erik H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPassing seismic waves released by large‐magnitude earthquakes may affect geological systems located thousands of miles far from the epicenter. The M9.0 Tohoku earthquake struck on 11 March 2011 in Japan. We detected local seismic activity at the Larderello‐Travale geothermal field, Italy, coinciding with the maximum amplitudes of the Rayleigh waves generated by the Tohoku earthquake. We suggest that the earthquakes were triggered by passing Rayleigh waves that induced locally a maximum vertical displacement of approximately 7.5 mm (for waves with period of 100 s). The estimated dynamic stress was about 8 kPa for a measured peak ground velocity of 0.8 mm/s. Previous similar observations pointed out local seismicity at the Larderello‐Travale Geothermal Field triggered by the 2012 Mw5.9 Po Plain earthquake. We conducted forward numerical modeling to investigate the effects caused by passing P, S, Love, and Rayleigh waves through the known velocity structure of the geothermal field. Results indicate that maximum displacements focus differently when considering body or surface waves, with displacement values being higher within the first 2 km of depth. The focusing of the displacement below 3 km seems to be strongly controlled by the velocity structure of the Larderello‐Travale geothermal field. We propose that seismic activity triggered by passing seismic waves may be related to a clock‐advancing mechanism for local seismic events that may have occurred in any case. Furthermore, our analysis shows that local anisotropies in the velocity structure of the Larderello‐Travale geothermal field (possibly linked to compartments of elevated pore pressures) strongly control the reactivation of regions of the geothermal field affected by passing seismic waves.
Impact of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer Aerosol Optical Depth and AirNow PM2.5 assimilation on Community Multi‐scale Air Quality aerosol predictions over the contiguous United States
Authors: Chai Tianfeng , Kim Hyun‐Cheol , Pan Li , Lee Pius , Tong Daniel 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this study, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) and AirNow PM2.5 measurements are assimilated into the Community Multi‐scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model using an optimal interpolation (OI) method. Over a 30 day test period in July 2011, three assimilation configurations were used in which MODIS AOD and AirNow PM2.5 measurements were first assimilated separately before being assimilated simultaneously. The background error covariance is estimated using both the National Meteorological Center approach and the Hollingsworth‐Lönnberg method. The AOD observations from Terra are assimilated at 17Z and the Aqua AOD observations are assimilated at 20Z each day. AirNow PM2.5 measurements are assimilated 4 times a day at 00Z, 06Z, 12Z, and 18Z. Model performances are measured by the daily averaged and domain‐averaged biases and the root‐mean‐square errors (RMSEs) obtained by comparing the predictions with the AirNow PM2.5 observations that were not assimilated. Either assimilating the MODIS AOD or assimilating the AirNow PM2.5 alone helps PM2.5 predictions over the entire 30 days. The case that assimilates the observations from both sources has the best performance. While the CMAQ PM2.5 results exhibit exaggerated diurnal variations compared to the AirNow measurements, this is not as severe at rural sites as at urban or suburban sites. It was also found that assimilating the total AOD observations is more beneficial for correcting the PM2.5 underestimations than directly assimilating the AirNow PM2.5 measurements every 6 h. While the simple approach of applying the AOD scaling factors uniformly throughout the vertical columns proved effective, it is liable to produce substantial errors. This is demonstrated by a high‐AOD event.
Ephemeral and intermittent runoff generation processes in a low relief, highly weathered catchment
Authors: Zimmer Margaret A. , McGlynn Brian L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMost field‐based approaches that address runoff generation questions have been conducted in steep landscapes with shallow soils. Runoff generation processes in low relief landscapes with deep soils remain less understood. We addressed this by characterizing dominant runoff generating flow paths by monitoring the timing and magnitude of precipitation, runoff, shallow soil moisture, and shallow and deep groundwater dynamics in a 3.3 ha ephemeral‐to‐intermittent drainage network in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, USA. This Piedmont region is gently sloped with highly weathered soils characterized by shallow impeding layers due to decreases in saturated hydraulic conductivity with depth. Our results indicated two dominant catchment storage states driven by seasonal evapotranspiration. Within these states, distinct flow paths were activated, resulting in divergent hydrograph recessions. Groundwater dynamics during precipitation events with different input characteristics and contrasting storage states showed distinct shallow and deep groundwater flow path behavior could produce similar runoff magnitudes. During an event with low antecedent storage, activation of a shallow, perched, transient water table dominated runoff production. During an event with high antecedent storage, the deeper water table activated shallow flow paths by rising into the shallow transmissive soil horizons. Despite these differing processes, the relationship between active surface drainage length (ASDL) and runoff was consistent. Hysteretic behavior between ASDL and runoff suggested that while seasonal ASDLs can be predicted based on runoff, the mechanisms and source areas producing flow can be highly variable and not easily estimated from runoff alone. These processes and flow paths have significant implications for stream chemistry across seasons and storage states.