bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasma levels of growth differentiation factor-15 are associated with myocardial injury in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Authors: Yuan Zhize , Li Haiqing , Qi Quan , Gong Wenhui , Qian Cheng , Dong Rong , Zang Yi , Li Jia , Zhou Mi , Cai Junfeng , Wang Zhe , Chen Anqing , Ye Xiaofeng , Zhao Qiang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGrowth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) has recently emerged as a risk predictor in patients with cardiovascular diseases. We therefore aimed to investigate the role of GDF-15 in the occurrence of cardiac injury during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB). 55 consecutive patients with coronary artery diseases were recruited in this prospective, observational study. All patients were operated for OPCAB surgery. Serial blood samples were collected preoperatively, 12 hours and 36 hours after surgery. GDF-15, together with C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin I, creatine kinase MB and N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide levels in plasma were measured at each time-point. GDF-15 levels increased significantly at 12 hours after surgery, attaining nearly 2.5 times the baseline levels (p < 0.001). Postoperative GDF-15 levels correlated positively with cTnI (p = 0.003) and EuroSCORE II (p = 0.013). According to the ROC curves, postoperative plasma GDF-15 was found to be the best biomarker to predict perioperative cardiac injury, compared with cTnI, CK-MB and EuroSCORE II. Circulating GDF-15 is a promising novel biomarker for identifying perioperative myocardial injury in patients undergoing OPCAB.
Ribosome-associated Asc1/RACK1 is required for endonucleolytic cleavage induced by stalled ribosome at the 3′ end of nonstop mRNA
Authors: Ikeuchi Ken , Inada Toshifumi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDom34-Hbs1 stimulates degradation of aberrant mRNAs lacking termination codons by dissociating ribosomes stalled at the 3′ ends and plays crucial roles in Nonstop Decay (NSD) and No-Go Decay (NGD). In the dom34Δ mutant, nonstop mRNA is degraded by sequential endonucleolytic cleavages induced by a stalled ribosome at the 3′ end. Here, we report that ribosome-associated Asc1/RACK1 is required for the endonucleolytic cleavage of nonstop mRNA by stalled ribosome at the 3′ end of mRNA in dom34Δ mutant cells. Asc1/RACK1 facilitates degradation of truncated GFP-Rz mRNA in the absence of Dom34 and exosome-dependent decay. Asc1/RACK1 is required for the sequential endonucleolytic cleavages by the stalled ribosome in the dom34Δ mutant, depending on its ribosome-binding activity. The levels of peptidyl-tRNA derived from nonstop mRNA were elevated in dom34Δasc1Δ mutant cells and overproduction of nonstop mRNA inhibited growth of mutant cells. E3 ubiquitin ligase Ltn1 degrades the arrest products from truncated GFP-Rz mRNA in dom34Δ and dom34Δasc1Δ mutant cells and Asc1/RACK1 represses the levels of substrates for Ltn1-dependent degradation. These indicate that ribosome-associated Asc1/RACK1 facilitates endonucleolytic cleavage of nonstop mRNA by stalled ribosomes and represses the levels of aberrant products even in the absence of Dom34. We propose that Asc1/RACK1 acts as a fail-safe in quality control for nonstop mRNA.
Mixed release of two parasitoids and a polyphagous ladybird as a potential strategy to control the tobacco whitefly Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Tan Xiaoling , Hu Nana , Zhang Fan , Ramirez-Romero Ricardo , Desneux Nicolas , Wang Su , Ge Feng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA mixed species release of parasitoids is used to suppress outbreaks of tobacco whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae); however, this biocontrol may be inhibited by interspecific interactions. We investigated the effects of mixed releases of natural enemies of B. tabaci on predation rates, parasite performance and adult parasitoid emergence under greenhouse conditions. We tested the polyphagous predatory ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and two whitefly-specific parasitoids, namely Encarsia formosa and Encarsia sophia (both, Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae). Harmonia axyridis exhibited the lowest rates of predation when released with each parasitoid than with both parasitoid species together and showed a significant preference for non-parasitized nymphs as prey. Both E. formosa and E. sophia parasitized more B. tabaci when released with the ladybird than when the wasps were released either alone or mixed with the other parasitoid. We also found that the presence of H. axyridis significantly reduced adult parasitoid emergence; the highest rate of adult emergence was obtained with parasitoids released alone. Our results indicate that different combinations of natural enemies can influence observed rates of predation, parasitism and parasitoid emergence. Therefore, the combination of natural enemies to be used for a particular biological control program should depend on the specific objectives.
Large enhancement of the photovoltaic effect in ferroelectric complex oxides through bandgap reduction
Authors: An Hyunji , Han Jun Young , Kim Bongjae , Song Jaesun , Jeong Sang Yun , Franchini Cesare , Bark Chung Wung , Lee Sanghan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTuning the bandgap in ferroelectric complex oxides is a possible route for improving the photovoltaic activity of materials. Here, we report the realization of this effect in epitaxial thin films of the ferroelectric complex oxide Bi3.25La0.75Ti3O12(BLT) suitably doped by Fe and Co. Our study shows that Co (BLCT) doping and combined Fe, Co (BLFCT) doping lead to a reduction of the bandgap by more than 1 eV compared to undoped BLT, accompanied by a surprisingly more efficient visible light absorption. Both BLCT and BLFCT films can absorb visible light with a wavelength of up to 500 nm while still exhibiting ferroelectricity, whereas undoped BLT only absorbs UV light with a wavelength of less than 350 nm. Correlated with its bandgap reduction, the BLFCT film shows a photocurrent density enhanced by 25 times compared to that of BLT films. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the bandgap contraction is caused by the formation of new energy states below the conduction bands due to intermixed transition metal dopants (Fe, Co) in BLT. This mechanism of tuning the bandgap by simple doping can be applied to other wide-bandgap complex oxides, thereby enabling their use in solar energy conversion or optoelectronic applications.
Myeloid thrombomodulin lectin-like domain inhibits osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss
Authors: Cheng Tsung-Lin , Lai Chao-Han , Shieh Shyh-Jou , Jou Yin-Bo , Yeh Jwu-Lai , Yang Ai-Lun , Wang Yan-Hsiung , Wang Chau-Zen , Chen Chung-Hwan , Shi Guey-Yueh , Ho Mei-Ling , Wu Hua-Lin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOsteoclastogenesis is an essential process during bone metabolism which can also be promoted by inflammatory signals. Thrombomodulin (TM), a transmembrane glycoprotein, exerts anti-inflammatory activities such as neutralization of proinflammatory high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) through TM lectin-like domain. This study aimed to identify the role of myeloid TM (i.e., endogenous TM expression on the myeloid lineage) in osteoclastogenesis and inflammatory bone loss. Using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages, we observed that the protein levels of TM were dramatically reduced as these cells differentiated into osteoclasts. In addition, osteoclastogenesis and extracellular HMGB1 accumulation were enhanced in primary cultured monocytes from myeloid-specific TM-deficient mice (LysMcre/TMflox/flox) and from TM lectin-like domain deleted mice (TMLeD/LeD) compared with their respective controls. Micro-computerized tomography scans showed that ovariectomy-induced bone loss was more pronounced in TMLeD/LeD mice compared with controls. Finally, the inhibiting effects of recombinant TM lectin-like domain (rTMD1) on bone resorption in vitro and bone loss in both the ovariectomized model and collagen antibody-induced arthritis model has been detected. These findings suggested that the myeloid TM lectin-like domain may inhibit osteoclastogenesis by reducing HMGB1 signaling and rTMD1 may hold therapeutic potential for inflammatory bone loss.
The evolution of genes encoding for green fluorescent proteins: insights from cephalochordates (amphioxus)
Authors: Yue Jia-Xing , Holland Nicholas D. , Holland Linda Z. , Deheyn Dimitri D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGreen Fluorescent Protein (GFP) was originally found in cnidarians and later in copepods and cephalochordates (amphioxus) (Branchiostoma spp). Here, we looked for GFP-encoding genes in Asymmetron, an early-diverged cephalochordate lineage and found two such genes closely related to some of the Branchiostoma GFPs. Dim fluorescence was found throughout the body in adults of Asymmetron lucayanum, and, as in Branchiostoma floridae, was especially intense in the ripe ovaries. Spectra of the fluorescence were similar between Asymmetron and Branchiostoma. Lineage-specific expansion of GFP-encoding genes in the genus Branchiostoma was observed, largely driven by tandem duplications. Despite such expansion, purifying selection has strongly shaped the evolution of GFP-encoding genes in cephalochordates, with apparent relaxation for highly duplicated clades. All cephalochordate GFP-encoding genes are quite different from those of copepods and cnidarians. Thus, the ancestral cephalochordates probably had GFP, but since GFP appears to be lacking in more early-diverged deuterostomes (echinoderms, hemichordates), it is uncertain whether the ancestral cephalochordates (i.e. the common ancestor of Asymmetron and Branchiostoma) acquired GFP by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) from copepods or cnidarians or inherited it from the common ancestor of copepods and deuterostomes, i.e. the ancestral bilaterians.
Only the complex N559-glycan in the synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2C mediates high affinity binding to botulinum neurotoxin serotype A1
Authors: Mahrhold Stefan , Bergström Tomas , Stern Daniel , Dorner Brigitte G. , Åstot Crister , Rummel Andreas 
Published: June 2016

The extraordinary potency of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) is mediated by their high neurospecificity, targeting peripheral cholinergic motoneurons leading to flaccid paralysis and successive respiratory failure. Complex polysialo gangliosides accumulate BoNTs on the plasma membrane and facilitate subsequent binding to synaptic vesicle membrane proteins which results in toxin endocytosis. The luminal domain 4 (LD4) of the three synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 (SV2) isoforms A–C mediates uptake of the clinically most relevant serotype BoNT/A1. SV2C-LD4 exhibits the strongest protein–protein interaction and comprises five putative N-glycosylation sites (PNG sites). Here, we expressed human SV2C-LD4 fused to human IgG-Fc in prokaryotic and eukaryotic expression systems to analyse the effect of N-glycosylation of SV2C on the interaction with BoNT/A1. Mass spectrometric analysis of gSV2CLD-Fc demonstrates glycosylation of N534, N559 and N565, the latter two residing at the BoNT/A interface. Mutational analysis demonstrates that only the N559-glycan, but not N565-glycan increases affinity of BoNT/A for human gSV2C-LD4. The N559-glycan was characterised as a complex core-fucosylated type with a heterogeneity ranging up to tetra-antennary structure with bisecting N-acetylglucosamine which can establish extensive interactions with BoNT/A. The mutant gSV2CLD-Fc N559A displayed a 50-fold increased dissociation rate kd resulting in an overall 12-fold decreased binding affinity in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments. The delayed dissociation might provide BoNT/A more time for endocytosis into synaptic vesicles. In conclusion, we show the importance of the complex N559-glycan of SV2C-LD4, adding a third anchor point beside a ganglioside and the SV2C-LD4 peptide, for BoNT/A neuronal cell surface binding and uptake.
Tinnitus Screener: Results From the First 100 Participants in an Epidemiology Study
Authors: Henry James A. , Griest Susan , Austin Don , Helt Wendy , Gordon Jane , Thielman Emily , Theodoroff Sarah M. , Lewis M. Samantha , Blankenship Cody , Zaugg Tara L. , Carlson Kathleen 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
In the Noise Outcomes in Servicemembers Epidemiology Study, Veterans recently separated from the military undergo comprehensive assessments to initiate long-term monitoring of their auditory function. We developed the Tinnitus Screener, a four-item algorithmic instrument that determines whether tinnitus is present and, if so, whether it is constant or intermittent, or whether only temporary tinnitus has been experienced. Predictive validity data are presented for the first 100 Noise Outcomes in Servicemembers Epidemiology Study participants.

Method
The Tinnitus Screener was administered to participants by telephone. In lieu of a gold standard for determining tinnitus presence, the predictive validity of the tinnitus category assigned to participants on the basis of the Screener results was assessed when the participants attended audiologic testing.

Results
Of the 100 participants, 67 screened positive for intermittent or constant tinnitus. Three were categorized as “temporary” tinnitus only, and 30 were categorized as “no tinnitus.” Tinnitus categorization was predictively valid with 96 of the 100 participants.

Conclusions
These results provide preliminary evidence that the Screener may be suitable for quickly determining essential parameters of reported tinnitus. We have since revised the instrument to differentiate acute from chronic tinnitus and to identify occasional tinnitus. We are also obtaining measures that will enable assessment of its test-retest reliability.
Die Evaluation des Behindertengleichstellungsgesetzes Rechtliche Aussagen und empirische Ergebnisse zur Barrierefreiheit im Bereich der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen
Authors: Ramm D. , Welti F. 
Published: June 2016

ZusammenfassungIm Jahr 2002 trat das Behindertengleichstellungsgesetz des Bundes (BGG) in Kraft. Im Zuge des Nationalen Aktionsplans zur Umsetzung der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention (UN-BRK) wurde es evaluiert. Es sollte untersucht werden, ob das Gesetz in seiner jetzigen Form die Belange aller Menschen mit Behinderung ausreichend berücksichtigt und sich die Instrumente des BGG bewährt haben. Die Evaluation umfasste rechtswissenschaftliche Analysen und sozialwissenschaftliche Erhebungen. Im Ergebnis wurde festgestellt, dass das BGG noch nicht hinreichend bekannt ist, jedoch andererseits überwiegend positiv eingeschätzt wird. Im Weiteren zeigt die Evaluation Verbesserungspotenziale zur Barrierefreiheit im Bereich der gesetzlichen Krankenkassen auf und weist darauf hin, dass insgesamt eine verbesserte Datenlage zur Barrierefreiheit im Gesundheitswesen und von Gesundheitsleistungen, ferner von Rehabilitationsdiensten und -einrichtungen notwendig ist.
Evolution of domain–peptide interactions to coadapt specificity and affinity to functional diversity
Authors: Kelil Abdellali , Levy Emmanuel D. , Michnick Stephen W. 
Published: June 2016

Significance
Today, we understand how short linear peptides bind to distinct recognition domains. However, at the cellular level, we still do not grasp why certain binding peptides are highly specific, whereas others are highly cross-reactive, and also what is the relationship with the functions of domain–peptide interactions. We revealed remarkable relationships among binding peptides, between their binding specificity, binding affinity, structural properties, and evolution. Surprisingly, we found that these properties are also related to functional specificity of domain–peptide interactions. Our results suggest that the structural properties and sequences of binding peptides have coevolved to achieve the levels of binding specificity and binding affinity that are required for the different levels of functional specificity of domain–peptide interactions.
Residual surface stress: Comparing traditional and modulated tool path machining processes
Authors: Schmidt P. , Handy R. , Anderson T. , Rees T. , Morrell J. , Williams W. , Jackson M. 
Published: June 2016

Traditional machining processes, where material is removed by a cutting tool from a workpiece, can introduce residual stresses at the surface of machined pieces. This paper provides an examination of an alternative machining methodology called modulated tool path machining. The ultimate objective of this research is to determine the effects of modulated tooling path machining processes, as applied to control chip geometry, on the surface stress of selected materials. Residual stresses in machined samples were characterised through the use of X-ray diffraction by comparing the modulated path method with a more traditional material removal technique (i.e. constant surface speed and constant contact). This paper is part of a Themed Issue on Measurement, modelling and mitigation of residual stress.
A qPCR method to characterize the sex type of the cell strains from rats
Authors: Xiang Junbei , Li Zhilin , Wan Qian , Chen Qiang , Liu Mianxue , Jiang Xiaohui , Xie Linfeng 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A simple and fast method was established to identify the sex types of the rat-derived cell strains. The single copy X-chromosome-linked gene AR and the single copy Y-chromosome-linked gene Sry were both detected with qPCR for the rat genomic DNA sample and the AR/Sry ratio was calculated. According to the law of the AR/Sry ratio, a new method to identify the sex types of the rat-derived cell strains was developed. The new assay was proved effective. The new assay showed advantages over the traditional sex type identification PCR methods, which detected only the Sry gene. Moreover, the new method was used to identify the sex types of two rat-derived cell strains unknown for the sex types and the results were confirmed with the in situ hybridization. Finally, the problem of the cross contamination between the female and the male samples was addressed and discussed extensively.
Cloning and identification of saprolmycin biosynthetic gene cluster fromStreptomycessp. TK08046
Authors: Kawasaki Takashi , Moriyama Asako , Nakagawa Kazuya , Imamura Nobutaka 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSaprolmycins A–E are anti-Saprolegnia parasitica antibiotics. To identify the gene cluster for saprolmycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces sp. TK08046, polymerase chain reaction using aromatase and cyclase gene-specific primers was performed; the spr gene cluster, which codes for angucycline biosynthesis, was obtained from the strain. The cluster consists of 36 open reading frames, including minimal polyketide synthase, ketoreductase, aromatase, cyclase, oxygenase, and deoxy sugar biosynthetic genes, as defined by homology to the corresponding genes of the urdamycin, Sch-47554, and grincamycin biosynthetic gene clusters in Streptomyces fradiae, Streptomyces sp. SCC-2136, and Streptomyces lusitanus, respectively. To establish the function of the gene cluster, an expression cosmid vector containing all 36 open reading frames was introduced into Streptomyces lividans TK23. The transformant was confirmed to express the biosynthetic genes and produce saprolmycins by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of the extract.
MultiQC: summarize analysis results for multiple tools and samples in a single report
Authors: Ewels Philip , Magnusson Måns , Lundin Sverker , Käller Max 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Motivation: Fast and accurate quality control is essential for studies involving next-generation sequencing data. Whilst numerous tools exist to quantify QC metrics, there is no common approach to flexibly integrate these across tools and large sample sets. Assessing analysis results across an entire project can be time consuming and error prone; batch effects and outlier samples can easily be missed in the early stages of analysis.
Results: We present MultiQC, a tool to create a single report visualising output from multiple tools across many samples, enabling global trends and biases to be quickly identified. MultiQC can plot data from many common bioinformatics tools and is built to allow easy extension and customization.
Availability and implementation: MultiQC is available with an GNU GPLv3 license on GitHub, the Python Package Index and Bioconda. Documentation and example reports are available at http://multiqc.info
Contact: phil.ewels@scilifelab.se
Of mice, fishermen, and food†
Authors: Hilborn Ray 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A non-linear science career: how I started in terrestrial ecology working on rodents, moved on to fisheries management, and ended up comparing the environmental impacts of fishing to farming. I was drawn to fisheries because there was a real need for science and the kind of analysis I did to help solve real world problems. I was very fortunate that the advent of major computing power and the demand for fisheries management driven by the declaration of 200 mile exclusive economic zones coincided with my completing the PhD. A career formed by good fortune, meeting and working with excellent colleagues, and random events at just the right time. My advice to young scientists in the field is to build collaborations, both with other scientists but also with the managers of the fisheries. Get your hands dirty in real problems, but always remembering the importance of fisheries to the food security of some of the poorest people of the world. What you do really matters.
Radio SNRs in the Magellanic Clouds as probes of shock microphysics
Authors: Barniol Duran Rodolfo , Whitehead Joseph F. , Giannios Dimitrios 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A large number of supernova remnants (SNRs) in our Galaxy and galaxies nearby have been resolved in various radio bands. This radio emission is thought to be produced via synchrotron emission from electrons accelerated by the shock that the supernova ejecta drives into the external medium. Here we consider the sample of radio SNRs in the Magellanic Clouds. Given the size and radio flux of an SNR, we seek to constrain the fraction of shocked fluid energy in non-thermal electrons (ϵe) and magnetic field (ϵB), and find ϵeϵB ∼ 10−3. These estimates do not depend on the largely uncertain values of the external density and the age of the SNR. We develop a Monte Carlo scheme that reproduces the observed distribution of radio fluxes and sizes of the population of radio SNRs in the Magellanic Clouds. This simple model provides a framework that could potentially be applied to other galaxies with complete radio SNRs samples.