bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Objective research on tongue manifestation of patients with eczema
Authors: Yu Zhifeng , Zhang Haifang , Fu Linjie , Lu Xiaozuo 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Tongue observation often depends on subjective judgment, it is necessary to establish an objective and quantifiable standard for tongue observation. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the features of tongue manifestation of patients who suffered from eczema with different types and to reveal the clinical significance of the tongue images. METHODS: Two hundred patients with eczema were recruited and divided into three groups according to the diagnostic criteria. Acute group had 47 patients, subacute group had 82 patients, and chronic group had 71 patients. The computerized tongue image digital analysis device was used to detect tongue parameters. The L[Formula: see text]a[Formula: see text]b[Formula: see text] color model was applied to classify tongue parameters quantitatively. RESULTS: For parameters such as tongue color, tongue shape, color of tongue coating, and thickness or thinness of tongue coating, there was a significant difference among acute group, subacute group and chronic group ([Formula: see text] 0.05). For Lab values of both tongue and tongue coating, there was statistical significance among the above types of eczema ([Formula: see text] 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Tongue images can reflect some features of eczema, and different types of eczema may be related to the changes of tongue images. The computerized tongue image digital analysis device can reflect the tongue characteristics of patients with eczema objectively.
Magnetic stimulation at acupoints relieves mental fatigue: An Event Related Potential (P300) study
Authors: Yang Shuo , Qiao Yanyun , Wang Lei , Hao Pengru 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Mental fatigue caused by continuous cognitive tasks represents one of the most worrying modern health problems. Event Related Potential (ERP) P300 is thought to be associated with cognitive function. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at characterizing the neural activity correlated with the attentional processes and exploring a novelty method which combine the magnetic stimulation and acupoint to relieve mental fatigue caused by continuous cognitive tasks. METHODS: P300 (P3a and P3b) were extracted at three points: when subjects felt relaxed, at the point of mental fatigue, and after the subjects were stimulated at acupoints. The amplitudes and latencies of P3a and P3b were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Among the four features (P3a amplitude, P3a latency, P3b amplitude, and P3b latency), only P3b amplitude was found to have a significant difference between the resting state and the mental fatigue state. And P3b amplitude significantly increased after magnetic stimulation at the acupoints. CONCLUSIONS: Subjects experiencing mental fatigue demonstrated a significant decrease in P3b amplitude in the parietal region, suggesting attenuation of resource allocation for selective attention. P3b amplitude significantly increased after magnetic stimulation at acupoints indicating that this strategy can be used to improve selective attention and relieve mental fatigue.
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation recognition based on multi-scale Rényi entropy of ECG
Authors: Xin Yi , Zhao Yizhang , Mu Yuanhui , Li Qin , Shi Caicheng 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common type of arrhythmia disease, which has a high morbidity and can lead to some serious complications. The ability to detect and in turn prevent AF is extremely significant to the patient and clinician. OBJECTIVE: Using ECG to detect AF and develop a robust and effective algorithm is the primary objective of this study. METHODS: Some studies show that after AF occurs, the regulatory mechanism of vagus nerve and sympathetic nerve will change. Each R-R interval will be absolutely unequal. After studying the physiological mechanism of AF, we will calculate the Rényi entropy of the wavelet coefficients of heart rate variability (HRV) in order to measure the complexity of PAF signals, as well as extract the multi-scale features of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). RESULTS: The data used in this study is obtained from MIT-BIH PAF Prediction Challenge Database and the correct rate in classifying PAF patients from normal persons is 92.48%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this experiment proved that AF could be detected by using this method and, in turn, provide opinions for clinical diagnosis.
The collagen microstructural changes of rat menisci and tibiofemoral cartilages under the influence of mechanical loading: An in vitro wear test of whole joints
Authors: Cai Haoliuyang , Hao Zhixiu , Xiao Liying , Wan Chao , Tong Lingying 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is suggested to be induced by multi-factors, and mechanical environment is regarded as a risky factor. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of isolated mechanical factor on cartilage. METHODS: An active wear test system was designed to perform parameters-controlled in vitro wear tests on rat knee joints with specific load magnitude, flexion-extension angle, and movement frequency. Six hind limbs of 9-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, with an additional spring on the medial side, were worn by using the custom-designed apparatus. Researchers observed both the menisci and tibial cartilages of these hind limbs using multiphoton laser scanning microscopy to analyze the change of the collagen microstructure caused by wear. RESULTS: Collagen microstructure of both the medial and lateral meniscus became disordered under cyclic load. Some tissues on the surface of the medial tibial cartilage were removed and the middle layer of the medial compartment displayed cracks. On the contrary, the lateral tibial cartilage was intact. CONCLUSIONS: The results implied that cyclic load caused menisci microstructure disarrangement prior to tibial cartilage damage and the collagen structure of mid-layer tibial cartilage failed before that of the superficial layer under the kinematics adopted in the study.
Measuring the 3D motion space of the human ankle
Authors: Xiao Jinzhuang , Zhang Yunchao , Zhao Shuai , Wang Hongrui 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: The 3D motion space of the human ankle is an important area of study in medicine. The 3D motion space can provide significant information for establishing more reasonable rehabilitation procedures and standards of ankle injury care. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to measure the 3D motion space of the human ankle and to use mathematical methods to quantify it. METHODS: A motion capturing system was used to simultaneously capture the 3D coordinates of points marked on the foot, and convert these coordinate values into rotation angles through trigonometric functions and vectors. The mathematical expression of the ankle’s motion space was obtained by screening, arranging, and fitting the converted data. RESULTS: The mathematical expression of the 3D motion space of the participants was obtained. We statistically analyzed the data and learned that, in terms of 3D motion space, the right foot is more flexible than the left foot and the female foot is more flexible than the male foot. CONCLUSIONS: The adduction and abduction rotation ranges are affected by the plantar flexion or dorsal flexure rotation angles. This relationship can be expressed mathematically, which is significant in the study of the ankle joint.
Grouped fuzzy SVM with EM-based partition of sample space for clustered microcalcification detection
Authors: Wang Huiya , Feng Jun , Wang Hongyu 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: Detection of clustered microcalcification (MC) from mammograms plays essential roles in computer-aided diagnosis for early stage breast cancer. OBJECTIVE: To tackle problems associated with the diversity of data structures of MC lesions and the variability of normal breast tissues, multi-pattern sample space learning is required. METHODS: In this paper, a novel grouped fuzzy Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm with sample space partition based on Expectation-Maximization (EM) (called G-FSVM) is proposed for clustered MC detection. The diversified pattern of training data is partitioned into several groups based on EM algorithm. Then a series of fuzzy SVM are integrated for classification with each group of samples from the MC lesions and normal breast tissues. RESULTS: From DDSM database, a total of 1,064 suspicious regions are selected from 239 mammography, and the measurement of Accuracy, True Positive Rate (TPR), False Positive Rate (FPR) and EVL [Formula: see text] TPR* [Formula: see text] are 0.82, 0.78, 0.14 and 0.72, respectively. CONCLUSION: The proposed method incorporates the merits of fuzzy SVM and multi-pattern sample space learning, decomposing the MC detection problem into serial simple two-class classification. Experimental results from synthetic data and DDSM database demonstrate that our integrated classification framework reduces the false positive rate significantly while maintaining the true positive rate.
An automatic glioma grading method based on multi-feature extraction and fusion
Authors: Zhan Tianming , Feng Piaopiao , Hong Xunning , Lu Zhenyu , Xiao Liang , Zhang Yudong 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND: An accurate assessment of tumor malignancy grade in the preoperative situation is important for clinical management. However, the manual grading of gliomas from MRIs is both a tiresome and time consuming task for radiologists. Thus, it is a priority to design an automatic and effective computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tool to assist radiologists in grading gliomas. OBJECTIVE: To design an automatic computer-aided diagnosis for grading gliomas using multi-sequence magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS: The proposed method consists of two steps: (1) the features of high and low grade gliomas are extracted from multi-sequence magnetic resonance images, and (2) then, a KNN classifier is trained to grade the gliomas. In the feature extraction step, the intensity, volume, and local binary patterns (LBP) of the gliomas are extracted, and PCA is used to reduce the data dimension. RESULTS: The proposed "Intensity-Volume-LBP-PCA-KNN" method is validated on the MICCAI 2015 BraTS challenge dataset, and an average grade accuracy of 87.59% is obtained. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method is an effective method for automatically grading gliomas and can be applied to real situations.
Frequent Flaring in the TRAPPIST-1 System—Unsuited for Life?
Authors: Vida K. , Kővári Zs. , Pál A. , Oláh K. , Kriskovics L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We analyze the K2 light curve of the TRAPPIST-1 system. The Fourier analysis of the data suggests P
rot = 3.295 ± 0.003 days. The light curve shows several flares, of which we analyzed 42 events with integrated flare energies of 1.26 × 1030–1.24 × 1033 erg. Approximately 12% of the flares were complex, multi-peaked eruptions. The flaring and the possible rotational modulation shows no obvious correlation. The flaring activity of TRAPPIST-1 probably continuously alters the atmospheres of the orbiting exoplanets, which makes these less favorable for hosting life.
Complex Organic Molecules toward Embedded Low-mass Protostars∗
Authors: Bergner Jennifer B. , Öberg Karin I. , Garrod Robin T. , Graninger Dawn M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been observed toward several low-mass young stellar objects (LYSOs). Small and heterogeneous samples have so far precluded conclusions on typical COM abundances, as well as the origin(s) of abundance variations between sources. We present observations toward 16 deeply embedded (Class 0/I) low-mass protostars using the IRAM 30 m telescope. We detect CH2CO, CH3CHO, CH3OCH3, CH3OCHO, CH3CN, HNCO, and HC3N toward 67%, 37%, 13%, 13%, 44%, 81%, and 75% of sources, respectively. Median column densities derived using survival analysis range between 6.0 × 1010 cm−2 (CH3CN) and 2.4 × 1012 cm−2 (CH3OCH3), and median abundances range between 0.48% (CH3CN) and 16% (HNCO) with respect to CH3OH. Column densities for each molecule vary by about one order of magnitude across the sample. Abundances with respect to CH3OH are more narrowly distributed, especially for oxygen-bearing species. We compare observed median abundances with a chemical model for low-mass protostars and find fair agreement, although some modeling work remains to bring abundances higher with respect to CH3OH. Median abundances with respect to CH3OH in LYSOs are also found to be generally comparable to observed abundances in hot cores, hot corinos, and massive YSOs. Compared with comets, our sample is comparable for all molecules except HC3N and CH2CO, which likely become depleted at later evolutionary stages.
The Lyman Continuum Escape Fraction of Emission Line-selected z ∼ 2.5 Galaxies Is Less Than 15%
Authors: Rutkowski Michael J. , Scarlata Claudia , Henry Alaina , Hayes Matthew , Mehta Vihang , Hathi Nimish , Cohen Seth , Windhorst Rogier , Koekemoer Anton M. , Teplitz Harry I. , Haardt Francesco , Siana Brian 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Recent work suggests that strong emission line, star-forming galaxies (SFGs) may be significant Lyman continuum leakers. We combine archival Hubble Space Telescope broadband ultraviolet and optical imaging (F275W and F606W, respectively) with emission line catalogs derived from WFC3 IR G141 grism spectroscopy to search for escaping Lyman continuum (LyC) emission from homogeneously selected z ∼ 2.5 SFGs. We detect no escaping Lyman continuum from SFGs selected on [O ii] nebular emission (N = 208) and, within a narrow redshift range, on [O iii]/[O ii]. We measure 1σ upper limits to the LyC escape fraction relative to the non-ionizing UV continuum from [O ii] emitters, f
esc ≲ 5.6%, and strong [O iii]/[O ii] > 5 ELGs, f
esc ≲ 14.0%. Our observations are not deep enough to detect f
esc ∼ 10% typical of low-redshift Lyman continuum emitters. However, we find that this population represents a small fraction of the star-forming galaxy population at z ∼ 2. Thus, unless the number of extreme emission line galaxies grows substantially to z ≳ 6, such galaxies may be insufficient for reionization. Deeper survey data in the rest-frame ionizing UV will be necessary to determine whether strong line ratios could be useful for pre-selecting LyC leakers at high redshift.
Historiciser les pratiques pédagogiques d’éducation populaire
Authors: Vennin Léo 
Published: June 2017

Cette contribution propose une mise en perspective sociohistorique des pratiques pédagogiques de l’éducation populaire à travers l’étude de deux associations majeures sur la période de l’après-guerre. Envisageant l’éducation populaire comme « lieu » historique de production et de circulation de savoirs pédagogiques, il s’agit d’appréhender son institutionnalisation à travers les pratiques plutôt que les structures. L’enjeu est de questionner la tension entre des pratiques de pédagogies actives qui se veulent souples et différenciées et le processus historique de l’institutionnalisation qui tend à durcir, homogénéiser et standardiser les méthodes d’un champ à l’épreuve de la professionnalisation.
Healthcare service innovation based on information technology : The role of social values alignment
Authors: Marsan Josianne , Audebrand Luc K. , Croteau Anne-Marie , Magnin Gabrielle 
Published: June 2017

Le dossier de santé personnel informatisé (DSPI) est une technologie de l’information (TI) conçue pour l’autonomisation des patients en matière d’autogestion de la santé. Toutefois, son déploiement réel reste moindre que prévu en raison de deux barrières principales que doivent adresser les fournisseurs de DSPI : manque de confiance envers le fournisseur dans la confidentialité des données et manque de flexibilité de l’outil. Pour outrepasser ces barrières, nous envisageons la possibilité que les DSPI soient offerts par les coopératives de santé en collaboration avec la communauté de développement open source partageant des valeurs similaires. En mobilisant le concept d’alignement social qui met l’accent sur les valeurs, nous explorons d’abord la possibilité d’alignements sociaux entre les valeurs sous-jacentes à la mission des coopératives de santé et celles sous-jacentes à la finalité des DSPI, et entre les valeurs fondamentales des coopératives de santé et celles des communautés de développement open source. Nous explorons aussi l’effet de ces alignements potentiels sur l’intérêt des coopératives de santé à innover avec un service de santé basé sur le DSPI. Pour atteindre nos objectifs de recherche 17 entrevues ont été menées dans des coopératives de santé au Québec, une province du Canada où le réseau des coopératives de santé est particulièrement actif. Nos résultats montrent que le concept d’alignement des valeurs sociales est utile dans le contexte de l’innovation de service basé sur un DSPI dans les coopératives de santé. Toutefois, notre analyse des données montre que l’alignement des valeurs sociales ne suffit pas pour qu’une telle innovation se produise. En effet, nos résultats nous ont conduits vers le concept de prédisposition organisationnelle afin de mieux comprendre ce qui est nécessaire pour augmenter la probabilité que l’innovation de service basé sur un DSPI se produise au sein des coopératives de santé. Cette étude se termine par l’amorce d’un développement théorique où nous bâtissons sur nos résultats et sur la littérature pour proposer un modèle conceptuel de l’innovation de service basé sur les TI dans les organisations de soins de santé.
De la rencontre en cothérapie
Authors: Pérot Caroline , El Ouardi Abdelali 
Published: June 2017

Dans cet article, nous construisons le récit d’une rencontre de deux thérapeutes dans le cadre d’une cothérapie de couple. Nous décrivons et théorisons sur cette rencontre : le contexte de la cothérapie, les personnes concernées et enfin comment la rencontre se forme et se transforme au fil des interactions... pour devenir thérapeutique.
L’utilisation du soi du thérapeute
Authors: Calicis Florence 
Published: June 2017

En présence de ses patients, le thérapeute pense, éprouve des émotions, des sensations ; il est traversé de souvenirs personnels, d’associations, de métaphores... De ce riche matériel, il ne leur restitue généralement que peu d’éléments relevant de la sphère affective – émotions, sensations, images – car très souvent, il privilégie plutôt les idées, les représentations, les hypothèses, à savoir du matériel issu de la sphère cognitive. De plus, ce qu’il leur communique provient plutôt de son soi professionnel que de son soi privé. Cette double censure a de bonnes raisons d’être car le thérapeute a un rôle professionnel à tenir à l’égard de ses patients. Mais n’est-ce pas là du gaspillage, voire de l’automutilation ? Bien élaborées et moyennant certaines mesures de précaution, les interventions comportant une utilisation plus large du soi du thérapeute sont parmi les plus mobilisatrices. Cet article propose des illustrations cliniques ainsi que des repères méthodologiques pour les construire.
Economic incentives of family controlling shareholders and the monitoring role of non-dominant large shareholders in corporate governance: Evidence from the manufacturing firms in Malaysia
Authors: Goh Chin Fei , Rasli Amran , Khan Saif-Ur-Rehman 
Published: June 2017

This article explores the economic incentives of dominant controlling shareholders with regard to the expropriation of minority shareholders, on the one hand, and the monitoring role of non-dominant large shareholders in family firms, on the other. The authors argue that family controlling shareholders (or family owners) do not share common interests with other shareholders. Drawing on 141 family firms in the manufacturing sector that were listed on Bursa Malaysia (the Malaysian stock exchange) from 2003 to 2006, the article finds an inverted U-shaped relationship between excess control rights and a firm's market performance. The findings also show that both the cash flow rights (i.e. claims on cash payouts) of family controlling shareholders and the presence of non-dominant large shareholders with the ability to contest control of the firm have a positive relationship with market performance. This study contributes to the literature by indicating that family owners are unlikely to collude with other large shareholders to expropriate minority shareholders. Furthermore, low levels of excess family-owner control rights are beneficial for market performance because firms may benefit from group affiliations and receive patronage from wealthy owners. However, high levels of excess control rights are understood to be an economic incentive for family owners to expropriate minority shareholders during non-crisis periods.
Factors influencing the career success of professional and business women in South Africa
Authors: Doubell Marianne , Struwig Miemie 
Published: June 2017

This article reports on an empirical study that investigated factors influencing women’s career success. Statistics relating to the field of women in management indicate that, worldwide, women are underrepresented in executive and decision-making positions. Women face unique challenges in their career pursuit that may prevent them from moving up to executive positions. A framework to investigate the factors influencing career success indicates that factors such as demographics, personality, culture, barriers, external and internal support impact on the career success of women. This study surveyed a sample of 301 professional and business women in South Africa. The results of the empirical survey showed that there are statistical significant relationships between groups of women based on their demographics and their perceptions of the factors that influence their career success.
Quantitative linkages between the formal and informal sectors in the South African economy
Authors: Naidoo GP , Fenyes TI 
Published: June 2017

The need to quantify the impact of the informal sector has thus far not received adequate attention so as to allow policy makers, informal sector enterprises and the formal sector to determine which specific areas of the economy should be further analysed for the purposes of ascertaining the linkages that exist between the formal and informal sectors. In this study, an attempt is made to quantify the linkages between the formal and informal sector, using the 1993 South African Input–Output Table. By disaggregating the formal and informal sectors, it has been possible to determine specific coefficients for both sectors. The “importexport” concept has been used to show how these sectors are interrelated. The multiplier analysis confirms that certain sectors of the informal sector may be more responsive to changes in the final demand than the formal sector.
Securitisation in South Africa: Historic deficiencies and future outlook
Authors: Saayman A , Styger P 
Published: June 2017

While American investors have been able to buy mortgage-backed securities since the late 1970s and asset-backed securities since the mid-1980s, investors in South Africa have not become involved in this growing market. Securitisation also spread to Europe, South America, Asia and Australia during the 1980s. The first securitisation in South Africa was completed in 1989, but since then only a few securitised products have been offered to the investment community. The aim of this article is to investigate the reasons for the lack of growth in securitisation in South Africa and to determine whether securitisation will grow to be a significant market in South Africa. The methodology used includes interviews held with investors, securitisation specialists and other structured finance specialists from the banking community. Experience from other countries is noted and included in this article