bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lack of Short-term Memory Improvement in Caenorhabditis elegans after Petunidin-3-glucoside Supplementation
Authors: Guese Jan Mackenzie , Hernandez Cherry Pie , Mabalot Mark Edrex , Nas John Sylvester 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:Learning and memory can be enhanced by antioxidants by protecting the neurons against oxidative damage. Phytochemicals, like anthocyanins, may hold the potential to improve cognitive function by ameliorating neuronal damage induced by reactive oxygen species. Petunidin-3-glucoside (P3G) is one of the different classes of anthocyanin found in various plants.AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:This study investigated the effects of P3G on the cognitive function in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) exposed to glyphosate or ethanol.MATERIALS AND METHODS:P3G was purchased from AS Polyphenols (Norway). This compound was dissolved in distilled water to obtain the desired concentrations. The solutions were stored at 4°C until use. Worms were supplemented with various concentrations of P3G prior to massed training and chemotaxis assays. The collected data were presented as mean ± standard error of the mean, and results were analyzed as biological replicates with three trials. The statistical analysis was done through the SPSS 21.0 (IBM) software, and the results were considered statistically significant whenP< 0.05.RESULTS:We found out that P3G did not affect the learning and short-term memory of C. elegans. P3G did not also salvage the decline in learning and memory of the nematodes after exposure to glyphosate or ethanol.CONCLUSION:Taken together, the antioxidant activity of P3G may not be enough to enhance learning and short-term memory in C. elegans nor protect their cognitive function against glyphosate nor ethanol-induced neuronal toxicity.
Molecular Docking Studies of Selected Phytoconstituents from Some Indigenous Medicinal Plants against Different Targets of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Authors: Vichare Vijaya Sachin , Sutar Snehal H. , Rokade Manasi Pratap , Dhole Shashikant N. , Choudhari Vishnu P. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 is a transmissible disease and propagated through a new strain severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) since December 2019 emerged from Wuhan, China, and this infection has widespread globally that causes to declare public health emergency in the whole world by the WHO. In this article, an attempt was made to recognize natural phytoconstituents from various indigenous medicinal plants, in order to utilize as a source against COVID-19 infections by virtue of molecular docking. The main focus of the study was molecular docking analysis of forty phytoconstituents from plants such as Tinospora cordifolia, Zingiber officinale, Azadirachta indica, Withania somnifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, and Ocimum tenuiflorum with four different targets of SARS-CoV-2.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:
The aim of the study is to determine binding affinity of phytoconstitutents against different targets of SARS CoV2.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Molecular docking was performed using VLifeMDS® (version: 4.6. 08032021) and AutoDockTools.

RESULTS:
Among forty phytoconstituents based on binding affinity, berberine and vicenin 2 showed the highest potential toward 3-chymotrypsin-like protease enzyme of SARS-CoV-2. Licorice and tinosporide had the potential to bind with the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 of SARS-CoV-2. Rosmarinic acid also has a binding affinity toward papain-like protease (PLpro) enzyme of SARS-CoV-2. It has been also seen that isoorientin has ability to bind to RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of SARS-CoV-2.

CONCLUSION:
Based on docking scores, the phytoconstituents from T. cordifolia, Z. officinale, A. Indica, W. somnifera, G. glabra, and O. tenuiflorum showed a good potential for binding to selected targets of SARS-CoV-2, and the antiviral activity of these plants can be scientifically supported by docking studies.
The Association Between Vitamin D Deficiency and Childhood Asthma
Authors: Al-Tuama Nabaa Mohammed Jawad , Almusawi Zuhair Mahdi , Abood Haidar Abdul Amir Najim , Abutiheen Ali , Al-tuama Karrar Mohammed Jawad 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:Asthma, a major public health issue, is one of the most common diseases affecting millions of population globally. It is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by increased airway inflammation and hyper-responsiveness. Vitamin D deficiency has become a global public health concern. Vitamin D is of particular interest in asthma due to its immunomodulatory effects. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency is found to be a risk factor in the development of serious chronic diseases where inflammatory mechanisms play a role in the pathogenesis. Several researches have reported positive associations between Vitamin D and asthma. On the other hand, others have reported contrasting effects of Vitamin D on asthma.OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to determine whether asthmatic patients attending Kerbala teaching hospital for pediatrics have Vitamin D deficiency or not.MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a case–control study, patients with asthma and healthy volunteers between the ages 1 and 14 years were enrolled into the study as patient and control groups, respectively. Fifty patients with asthma and 66 healthy children were included. For both groups, demographic information and body mass index were recorded. We measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in serum collected from all 116 children. For asthmatic patients, clinical findings were recorded and total Immunoglobulin E (IgE) were determined for all patients.RESULTS:Fifty patients with asthma and 66 healthy children were included. Compared to the control group, decreased serum Vitamin D levels were significantly detected in patient group. Forty six (92%) of asthmatic patients have were Vitamin D insufficient, as defined by a level of 30 ng/mL or less 25-hydroxyvitamin D. In compare to the control group, forty six (69.7%) have Vitamin D insufficiency (odds ratio = 5,P< 0.001). No significant correlation was found between Vitamin D levels and age, gender, obesity, sun exposure, and dietary intake in asthmatic patients.CONCLUSION:The frequency of Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was higher in children with asthma, compared to the controls.
Design a New Home-based Multifunctional Physiotherapy Device for Musculoskeletal Pain Relief
Authors: Eskandari Mahsa , Hosseini-Baharanchi Fatemeh Sadat , Moghaddam Mohammad Hossein Ghafouri , Delisnav Alireza , Shafaghi Shadi , Ghorbani Fariba , Taherkhani Nasrin , Shafaghi Masoud 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
COVID-19 has affected public health and the patients suffering from musculoskeletal pain have little chance to receive medical care to reduce the burden of musculoskeletal pain with no definitive treatment, the need for home remedies is felt more than ever for such patients. This research is presented a new kind of home physiotherapy device by three different therapeutic functions including transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), vibration, and heat to provide patients with remote services.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The conceptual map of the system, including the mechanical, electrical, and software parts, as well as the location and connection of electrical components used in the system, is presented. Then, after programming the device and designing a mobile application layout tree for creating an account, the device is turned on, and therapeutic values are entered into the device. Finally, the results of the initial use are displayed on a mobile phone.

RESULTS:
In this section, we present several screenshots of the mobile application's screen and a picture of the primary prototype of the device. The first item includes the main menu, which allows the user to enter the application. On first use, the patients will have to register themselves by selecting the “register” option. Another page provides details about the therapeutic methods of TENS, heat, and vibration.

CONCLUSION:
This system is a cost-and-time-effective strategy and helps physiotherapists to cover more patients at the same time and follow patients' treatment courses through televising.
In silico Study of shape complementarity, binding affinity, and protein–ligand interactions of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment-aptamer to programmed death ligand-1 using patchdock
Authors: Ching Kirstie Wong Chee , Nazri Muhammad Najmi Mohd , Rachman Abdul Rahim Abdul , Mustafa Khairul Mohd Fadzli , Mokhtar Noor Fatmawati 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Nucleic acid aptamers hold great promise in diagnostic and therapeutic applications for a wide range of diseases due to their analog feature to antibodies. Despite the utility of systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method for aptamer determination, complementarity in silico aptamer design is highly sought after to facilitate virtual screening and increased understanding of important aptamer–protein interactions.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We previously obtained aptamers against programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) through SELEX: P12, P32, and P33. In the present work, structure prediction and binding mode of these aptamers to PD-L1 were evaluated using mFold and DNA sequence to structure (IIT Delhi) for two-dimensional and three-dimensional structure prediction, respectively, and PatchDock for docking. PD-L1 model protein 5N2F was used as the target protein. Docking was performed and analyzed based on three aspects: shape complementarity score, binding affinity, and interactions with aptamer.

RESULTS:
All three aptamers combine steadily with 5N2F protein through strong hydrogen (polar bonds), hydrophobic interactions (nonpolar bonds), and π-cation interactions, which can be accessed through a fully automated protein–ligand interaction profiler.

CONCLUSIONS:
Molecular docking experiments indicated the feasibility of using in silico technique to select aptamers that can function as antibodies analog.
Positive Associations of Chlamydia pneumoniae Immunoglobulin G and Immunoglobulin E Antibodies and Asthma in Iraqi Children
Authors: Hameed Raghdah Maytham , Al-Hasnawi Huda Hadi , Najim Abood Haidar Abdul Amir 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Chlamydia pneumoniae is an intracellular bacterium that causes respiratory tract infection.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:
The objective of the study was to evaluate the association between past C. pneumoniae infection and asthma.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We examined the presence of C. pneumoniae Immunoglobulin (IgG) and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies by the commercial quantitative Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits in 87 asthmatic children and 87 controls.

RESULTS:

C. pneumoniae IgG antibody was significantly increased in patients (24.89 ± 16.65) as compared with controls (10.93 ± 6.75) P < 0.001. Further, the C. pneumoniae IgE antibody was significantly increased in patients (8.037 ± 4.645) compared to controls (6.52 ± 3.062) P = 0.024. There was a highly significant positive correlation between IgG and IgE levels (P < 0.001* r = 0.466). There was no significant difference in C. pneumoniae IgG and C. pneumoniae IgE levels among asthma severity groups (P = 0.507 and P = 0.539, respectively) and asthma-controlled groups (P = 0.858 and P = 0.517, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
Compared to a control group, children with asthma have a significantly higher rate of C. pneumoniae IgG and C. pneumoniae IgE levels. In asthmatic patients, there is a positive correlation between C. pneumoniae IgG and C. pneumonia IgE. Controversially, C. pneumoniae infection has no role in asthma severity and control.
Pharmacological Interrelationship Analysis between Lentinula Edodes and COVID-19
Authors: Mungmunpuntipantip Rujittika , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Learning about the numerous ways traditional plants can be used to address medical concerns is fascinating. Many researches are being conducted to investigate the effects of traditional herbal mushrooms in the treatment of a variety of medical ailments, including respiratory disorders.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this study, we used network pharmacology to identify a biological relationship between the pharmacological influence of shiitake or Lentinula edodes, a traditional Asian medicinal fungus, and coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pathophysiology.

RESULTS:
Using interrelationship analysis, the scientists revealed the common pathway through inducing mitochondrial membrane potential loss.

CONCLUSION:
The use of L. edodes to treat COVID-19 could be useful. It is suggested that more research be done on the efficacy of shiitake mushrooms in the treatment of COVID-19. Based on the findings of this study, a method to combat COVID-19 using a locally available herbal regimen should be a current high priority research field. The primary in silico study's likely alternate option should be advanced to in vitro and in vivo research as a result.
Relationship between Helicobacter Pylori and colon cancer
Authors: Khorsheed Batool Ali , Hameed Raghdah Maythem , Khorsheed Zahraa Hussein 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacteria found in the gastric epithelia of around half of the world's population. Chronic gastritis, peptic ulcers, gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, and stomach cancer are all known to be caused by this illness. Furthermore, there is evidence that bacteria are linked to a number of extragastric disorders. Since it was initially hypothesized that the link between extragastric illnesses and colon cancer.

OBJECTIVE:
The objective of this study was to obtain the correlation between colon cancer and H. pylori infection.

METHODS:
In this study, we tested blood samples were collected from the patients with colon cancer to assess the presence of anti-H. pylori infection antibodies in 10 patients with colorectal cancer and 10 with no specific pathologies as a control group.

RESULTS:
There was a statistically significant difference (P > 0.05) and a highly significant difference (P > 0.001) in H. pylori infection and colon cancer between patients and control, respectively. A significant correlation between H. pylori infection and colon cancer (P > 0.05) was noted. It was found to be a positive linear correlation with H. pylori infection (r = 0.436) and significant (P = 0.027). The study showed a significant correlation between age and H. pylori and colon cancer (P = 0.013 and P = 0.034, respectively).

CONCLUSION:

H. pylori infection is one of the risk factors that develop colon cancer. The old age correlates with increased colon cancer and H. pylori infection.
Benchmarking the distribution coefficient of anticancer lead compounds using the predicted log D values of clinically approved chemotherapeutic drugs
Authors: Eclarin Paolo Raphael , Yan Patricia Andrea , Paliza Carlo Lorenzo , Ibasan Blanche , Basiloy Patricia Rosemarie , Gante Nick Adrian , Reyes Angelie Nicole , Nas John Sylvester 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The distribution coefficient (Log D) can predict the solubility of a compound at a particular pH. In identifying lead compounds, Log D is helpful to predict the behavior, permeability, and clearance of a compound in the different organs.

AIM AND OBJECTIVE:
This study examined the ability of Log D to discriminate cancer tissues from non-cancer tissues using the predicted Log D of various clinically approved anticancer drugs.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
We collected the information on the different anticancer drugs for breast, liver, kidney, lung small, lung non-small, prostate, and bone cancer from the National Cancer Institute. We predicted their Log D values at different pH of their respective tissues.

RESULTS:
Results show that only the Log D values of breast and lung non-small cancer drugs in the cancer tissues were significantly different (p<0.05) from the Log D of the non-cancer tissue counterpart. Moreover, the Log D value of the normal and bone cancer tissues is significantly different (p<0.05) from the different normal and cancer tissues evaluated. Furthermore, the Log D values of small lung cancer tissues are significantly different (p<0.05) from normal and kidney cancer tissues, normal and liver cancer tissues, and normal non-small and lung cancer tissues.

CONCLUSION:
These findings suggest that drugs that may be permeable in breast and lung non-small cancer tissues may not be permeable in their normal tissue counterpart. Additionally, bone and lung small cancer drugs may have low permeability with other tissues, indicating that the unintended effects may be low. However, since there is a low permeability in other organs, it may not be a good candidate for drug repurposing. These findings are yet inconclusive; hence, further investigation is needed to verify the results of this investigation.
Acute Kidney Injury in Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Tuberculosis, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Tuberculosis Patients on Treatment and its Association with Host Predicting Factors, in South-West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Enoh Jude Eteneneng , Cho Frederick Nchang , Agwa Ngyah Ambo , Ako Simon Eyongabane , Manfo Faustin Pascal , Longdoh Anna Njunda , Akum Eric Achidi 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVES:
To evaluate the incidence and severity of kidney injury and explore the host factors to predict acute kidney injury (AKI) among tuberculosis (TB), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and TB/HIV patients on the treatment in Fako Division of Cameroon.

METHODS:
A prospective study was carried out from September 2018 to November 2019. Serum creatinine and urea were measured spectrophotometrically. The Chi-square test with cox regression was used to assess the association between the risk factors and AKI.

RESULTS:
The overall incidence of AKI and renal injury was 21.4%–41.4%, respectively. Stage 1 AKI as well as mild renal injury was more prevailing among the HIV-infected patients; 10.5% versus 31.4%. The highest incidences; 30.0% AKI, and 53.0% renal injury were recorded amongst those with TB/HIV coinfections and HIV mono-infections, respectively. Persons who were ≥40 years and those with low baseline hemoglobin levels were two times and two and half times more likely to develop AKI compared to their counterparts.

CONCLUSIONS:
The cumulative incidence of AKI in patients on treatment was high. Thus, it is important to evaluate the renal function of patients before treatment within the first 2 weeks of treatment.
Short-Term Side Effects of Sinopharm Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine in Adolescents Aged 12-18 Years Vaccinated in Dr. Masih Daneshvari Hospital
Authors: Honarpisheh Parisa , Nematollahi Zahra , Palizdar Mojgan , Mirzaee Azade Zeinab , Askari Elham , Rekabi Vahab , Daneshmandi Zahra , Jamilian Parsa , Hassanzad Maryam , Rekabi Mahsa 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Vaccination is known as one of the best approaches for overcoming the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many COVID-19 vaccines were authorized for emergency use, and the knowledge about efficacy, safety, and adverse effects of COVID-19 vaccines is based only on data published from clinical trials and is not reliable. Therefore, a report of the side effects in the real world and among different populations is very helpful. The purpose of this research is to study and describe the side effects of the Sinopharm vaccine in adolescents aged 12–18 years.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on 502 Iranian populations aged 12–18 years who received the first dose of the Sinopharm vaccine. Information was collected based-on telephonic interviews. In this survey, participants and their parents were asked about the underlying disease, side effects developed after receiving the vaccine, the time of beginning the reactions, and the time of resolving them.

RESULTS:
Out of 502 vaccinated participants with a mean age of 14.2 ± 0.6 years, about 10% (n = 50) reported side effects after the Sinopharm COVID-19 vaccine. The most common side effects were injection site reactions (5.97%), and pain at the injection site (70%) was the most common of them. Systemic reactions were 2.19%, and fatigue/malaise was the most common of them (22%). The mean time to begin the side effects after injection was 42 ± 8.6 min, and the mean time of resolving developed adverse effects was 38 ± 5.3 min.

CONCLUSION:
About 10% of the population aged 12 to18 years developed adverse effects following the Sinopharm vaccine. These adverse reactions were often mild in severity and were developed mostly during 2 h of vaccination and resolved in <1 h and required no or home-based treatment. It seems that the Sinopharm vaccines are safe in the population aged 12–18 years and are not associated with significant complications. The exact mechanisms of these adverse reactions are not clear, but according to the time of occurrence of the vaccine side effects, it seems that type 1 hypersensitivity allergic reactions are mainly involved.
Association between Alpha-Thalassemia Carrier Prevalence and Incidence of COVID-19
Authors: Sookaromdee Pathum , Wiwanitkit Viroj 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The association between COVID-19 incidence and genetic underlying is an interesting issue. The possible association between thalassemia and COVID-19 is proposed. In additional to beta-thalassemia, alpha-thalassemia is another important group of thalassemic disorder.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
In this report, the authors present an observation on correlation between alpha-thalassemia 1carrier prevalence and incidence of COVID-19 from a tropical country in Southeast Asia that alpha-thalassemia is endemic.

RESULTS:
According to this study, there is no significant correlation and the calculated correlation coefficient between alpha-thalassemia carrier prevalence and incidence of COVID-19 is equal to − 0.82 (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
According to the current data, there is no discernible link between the incidence of COVID-19 and the prevalence of alpha-thalassemia 1 carriers.