bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Probing the Elementary Surface Reactions of Hydrogenated Silicon PECVD by In-situ ESR
Authors: Yamasaki Satoshi , Malten Claus , Umeda Takehide , Isoya Jun-Ichi , Tanaka Kazunobu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe dynamic change of the dangling bond (db) intensity in hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) during H2 and Ar plasma treatments was observed using an in-situ electron-spinresonance (ESR) technique. The experimental results show that the time to reach the steady state between gas-phase H atoms and the a-Si:H surface is less than 1 sec, and Ar plasma treatments create a top-surface region with an extremely high db density.
Leds Based on Oxidized Porous Polysilicon on a Transparent Substrate
Authors: Striemer C. C. , Chan S. , Lopez H. A. , Hirschman K. D. , Koyama H. , Zhu Q. , Tsybeskov L. , Fauchet P. M. , Kalkhoran N. M. , Depaulis L. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLight emitting devices (LEDs) based on porous polysilicon (PPS) have been fabricated on a transparent quartz substrate. Several structures have been developed, each consisting of a backside contact (ITO or p+ polysilicon), a light emitting PPS layer, a capping layer, and a metal top contact. Photoluminescence (PL) from PPS is similar to that of etched crystalline Si, peaking near 750 nn and showing degradation during 515 nm laser excitation with intensity <100 mW/cm2. This degradation disappears if PPS is oxidized after formation. Visible electroluminescence (EL) has been achieved in both oxidized and non-oxidized PPS devices with voltages under 10 V and current densities <200 mA/cm2.
Effect of Hydrogen Plasma Treatments at very High Frequency on p-Type Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Films
Authors: Centurioni E. , Desalvo A. , Pinghini R. , Rizzoli R. , Summonte C. , Zignani F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVery high frequency (100 MHz) hydrogen plasma treatments on a-Si:H deposited by plasma enhanced chemical vapour deposition were studied. Ex-situ optical measurements have shown that etching and chemical transport occur as competing phenomena. The one that prevails is determined by the plasma conditions. In particular, very efficient chemical etching is observed for high H2 flow rates, while, for low H2 flow rates, the equilibrium is shifted toward deposition, and a structural modification of the sample is observed. The experimental conditions were stressed in the direction of utilizing chemical transport from the cathode to deposit very thin (7 nm) microcrystalline films with a pure H2 plasma.
Study of Electrical Properties of Ge-Nanocrystalline Films Deposited by Cluster-Beam Evaporation Technique
Authors: Banedjee Souri , Ono H. , Nozaki S. , Morisaki H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRoom temperature current-voltage (I-V) characteristics were studied across the thickness of the Ge nanocrystalline films, prepared by the cluster beam evaporation technique. The films thus prepared are deposited either at room temperature (Ge-RT) or at liquid nitrogen temperature (Ge-LNT). Ge-LNT nanofilm is subjected to oxidation while Ge-RT did not get oxidized. Steps were observed in the I-V characteristics of the thin Ge- LNT samples suggesting the Coulomb Blockade effect.
Correlation between Defect Structures and Light Emission in Si-Nanocrystal Doped SiO2 Films
Authors: Sato K. , Sugiyama Y. , Izumi T. , Iwase M. , Show Y. , Nozaki S , Morisaki H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCorrelation between defect structures and light emission from Si-nanocrystal doped SiO2 films has been studied using electron spin resonance ( ESR ) and photoluminescence ( PL ) methods. The ESR analysis revealed the presence of three kinds of ESR centers in the film after annealing at above 900 °C in argon ( Ar ) atmosphere, i.e. Si dangling bond in amorphous Si cluster ( a-center: g=2.006 ), Si dangling bond at Si-nanocrystal/SiO2 interface ( Pb-center: g=2.003 ) and conduction electrons in Si-nanocrystal ( Pce-center: g=1.998 ). Moreover, visible light emission was observed in the annealed sample from the PL measurement. Both the PL intensity and the ESR signal intensity of the Pce-center were increased with an increase of annealing temperature. These results indicate that the Pce-center is strongly associated with the emission center.
Local Structure and Er3+ Emission from Pseudo-Amorphous GaN:Er Thin Films
Authors: Aldabergenova S. B. , Albrecht M. , Andreev A. A. , Inglefield C. , Viner J. , Taylor P. C. , Strunk H. P. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report on strong Er3+ luminescence in the visible and infra-red regions at room temperature in amorphous GaN:Er thin films prepared by DC magnetron co-sputtering. The intensity of the Er3+ luminescence at 1.535 μm corresponding to 4I13/2 → 4I15/2 transitions is greatly enhanced after annealing at 750°C. In this material GaN crystallites have formed and embedded in the continuous amorphous matrix. The crystallites are 4 to 7 nm in diameter as analyzed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The absorption edge, extending three orders of magnitude in absorption coefficient in the spectral range from 0.5 to 3.5 eV, is superimposed on resonant absorption bands of Er3+ ions.The total photoluminescence spectrum consists of welldefined Er3+ luminescence peaks imposed on a broad band edge luminescence from the amorphous GaN host matrix.
Strongly Superlinear Light Emission and Large Induced Absorption in Oxidized Porous Silicon Films
Authors: Koyama H. , Fauchet P. M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe optical properties of oxidized free-standing porous silicon films excited by a cw laser have been investigated. It is found that samples oxidized at 800–950 °C show a strongly superlinear light emission at an excitation intensity of ∼10 W/cm2. This emission has a peak at 900–1100 nm and shows a blueshift as the oxidation temperature is increased. These samples also show a very large induced absorption, where the transmittance is found to decrease reversibly by ≤99.7 %.The induced absorption increases linearly with increasing pump laser intensity. Both the superlinear emission and the large induced absorption are quenched when the samples are attached to materials with a higher thermal conductivity, suggesting that laser-induced thermal effects are responsible for these phenomena.
Implementing a Fee-for-Service Cervical Cancer Screening and Treatment Program in Cameroon: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: DeGregorio Geneva , Manga Simon , Kiyang Edith , Manjuh Florence , Bradford Leslie , Cholli Preetam , Wamai Richard , Ogembo Rebecca , Sando Zacharie , Liu Yuxin , Sheldon Lisa Kennedy , Nulah Kathleen , Welty Thomas , Welty Edith , Ogembo Javier Gordon 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
Cervical cancer screening is one of the most effective cancer prevention strategies, but most women in Africa have never been screened. In 2007, the Cameroon Baptist Convention Health Services, a large faith-based health care system in Cameroon, initiated the Women's Health Program (WHP) to address this disparity. The WHP provides fee-for-service cervical cancer screening using visual inspection with acetic acid enhanced by digital cervicography (VIA-DC), prioritizing care for women living with HIV/AIDS. They also provide clinical breast examination, family planning (FP) services, and treatment for reproductive tract infection (RTI). Here, we document the strengths and challenges of the WHP screening program and the unique aspects of the WHP model, including a fee-for-service payment system and the provision of other women's health services.

Methods
We retrospectively reviewed WHP medical records from women who presented for cervical cancer screening from 2007–2014.

Results
In 8 years, WHP nurses screened 44,979 women for cervical cancer. The number of women screened increased nearly every year. The WHP is sustained primarily on fees-for-service, with external funding totaling about $20,000 annually. In 2014, of 12,191 women screened for cervical cancer, 99% received clinical breast exams, 19% received FP services, and 4.7% received treatment for RTIs. We document successes, challenges, solutions implemented, and recommendations for optimizing this screening model.

Conclusion
The WHP's experience using a fee-for-service model for cervical cancer screening demonstrates that in Cameroon VIA-DC is acceptable, feasible, and scalable and can be nearly self-sustaining. Integrating other women's health services enabled women to address additional health care needs.
Proximate and fatty acid composition of cooked South African Cape snoek (Thyrsites atun)
Authors: Henning Suné S. , Hoffman Louwrens C. 
Published: May 2017

Cape snoek (Thyrsites atun) is an important source of protein for people in South Africa; however, nutritional information thereof is limited. The proximate and fatty acid compositions of raw and cooked (80 °C) snoek muscles were determined according to official AOAC methods. The mean moisture, ash, total lipids and protein for raw snoek were 72.8±1.86%, 1.3±0.09%, 4.0±1.16 and 21.5±1.35%, respectively. Cape snoek is very high in palmitic acid (24.65±1.43%), oleic acid (18.21±2.64%), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 9.11±2.06%) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 19.70±3.25%). With the exception of total lipids, cooking significantly reduced moisture (69.40±2.03%) and ash (1.12±0.12%), and increased protein (24.47±1.39%) content. It is concluded that Cape snoek is very high in protein and can be classified as a low-fat fish which is rich in EPA and DHA.

Significance:

Cape snoek is a low-fat fish, containing less than 4% fat, and is high in EPA (9.11±2.06%) and DHA (19.70±3.25%).
Cape snoek is thus a healthy, cheap and high-protein food source, with a high content of omega-3 fatty acids.
Characterization of Kowoe snail and its antioxidant activity
Authors: Haslianti Haslianti , Inthe Mita Gabriella , Ishak Ermayanti 
Published: May 2017

Gold snail is called “Kowoe” in Celebes Island. They are widely utilized by people as food. This snail also has many properties and benefits. The aims of this study were to determine the best solvent to extract the bioactive components of snails and measure the antioxidant activity. The proximate analysis was caried out, then quantitative test of antioxidant activity by DPPH method was measured. The results of morphometric measurements showed the meat yield 11.86%. The proximate analysis of fresh meat consisted of water content 65.79%, 18.14% protein, 10.49% ash, 4.14% carbohydrates, and fats 3.44%, while the moisture content of dried meat contained 40/ 04%, 38.06% protein, carbohydrates 10.66%, ash 8.53% and 2.70% fat, respectively. The yield of extraction of the active compound using chloroform (non-polar) was 1.78%, ethyl acetate (semi-polar) was 3.41% and 6.63% methanol (polar). The snails kowoe contain more the polar of active compounds. The antioxidant activity of crude extract in methanol solvent (polar) had IC50 values 111.28 ppm (moderate).<br /><br />
Formulation of Hydrocolloid-Agar, Sucrose, and Acidulant on Jam Leather Product Development
Authors: Ramadhan Wahyu , Trilaksani Wini 
Published: May 2017

Tallying agar powder as a texturizer in guava single sheet jam instigate the product more convenience to consumed. The aims of this research were to determine the best concentration of sucrose, citric acid and agar powder to form a good quality guava jam slice. The research method are optimization and formulation<br />of sucrose, citric acid and agar-agar on making guava jam single sheets product. Physochemical and sensory tests were performed to reveal the best formulation of guava jam slice and the Bayes method used to determine the optimization of the selected formula. Based on the results of formulation and analysis, it<br />was obtained that the guava jam slice with Acidulant concentration (0.02%, 0.04%, 0.06%), sucrose (70%, 80%, 90%, 100%) and agar powder (0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%) had pH 3.63-3.90, sugar content 34.68 g/100 g – 35.76 g/100 g, color intensity L*, a*, b* with ΔE* value was 37,88-53,97, fiber content 1.01%-1.59%, and water activity 0.852-0.893. Rheology properties for texture profile (hardness, cohesiveness, springiness, adhesive force, and gumminess) also showed significant value with agar powder formulation. Based on the Bayes test and hedonic test, it was found that the best formula was for guava jam slices with the addition of 90% sucrose, citric acid 0.04% and agar powder 0.9%. From the best formula, it was found the shelf life prediction model of Arrhenius formula was ln k = 20.222-6660.6(1/T) and the nutrition facts contribute total energy 45 kcal, fat 0%, carbohydrate 9%, protein 2% and dietary fiber 3%. <br /><br />
Improving the Quality of Sardine Fish Oil by Degumming Using Sodium Cholride Solution
Authors: Hulu Dian Prima Christiani , Suseno Sugeng Heri , Uju Uju 
Published: May 2017

The quality of fish oil is determined by some parameters such as primary and secondary grade oxidation, fatty acid profile and physical qualities which include viscosity, density, color and clarity. Sardine fish oil by-products of fish meal processing can be a source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), particularly<br />eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Degumming is one of steps that can be carried out to improve the quality of sardine fish oil. The processing will help to reduce oxidation and eliminate the impurity of the oil that influence the quality of fish oil. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of sodium chloride solution degumming on the quality of sardine fish oil to fulfill International Fish Oil Standard (IFOS). Fish oil purification was done by degumming of 5% H2O, followed<br />by sodium chloride solution with ratio of fish oil and sodium chloride solution were 1:1; 1:3, and 1:5. The sodium chloride solution concentrations of 5% and 8% for 20, 30 and 40 minutes. The next steps after degumming process were followed by alkali neutralization and bleached by absorbent. The best treatment<br />was at concentration of 5% sodium chloride solution, ratio fish oil with sodium chloride solution 1:1 on a long time degumming processed 20 minutes. The best quality of fish oil, according to IFOS, was resulted from the treatments combination of free fatty acid 0.21±0.00%, peroxide value 0.43±0.06 mEq/kg, anisidin <br />value 2.22±0.04 mEq/kg and total oxidation 3.11±0.14 mEq/kg.<br /><br />
Lost Nutrition Differences Frozen Milkfish Non Whip Out Spines and Whip Out Spines During Low Storage
Authors: Kusuma Arifiya Ayu , Dewi Eko Nurcahya , Wijayanti Ima 
Published: May 2017

Freezing was one alternative way to maintain the quality of the fish. The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of nutrients lost from frozen fish drip non whip out spines and whip out spines on a long pull at different low storage temperatures of 2-5°C. The method used was experimental laboratory with the basic design of completely randomized design (CRD) with factorial pattern and repeated 3 times. Parameters measured were driploss test, the fat, water, protein and provitamin A content<br />in the drip, SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) analysis and organoleptic test. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that treatment of non whip out spines and whip out spines fish freezing and storage time gave a significant effect (P&lt;0,05) on driploss; fat, moisture, protein,<br />provitamin A content in the drip; Morphological image test with SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and organoleptic value. Driploss frozen fish of non whip out spines damaged 2 times greater than whip out spines, Value provitamin in the drip of non whip out spines frozen fish in the begunning of storage that was 185.28±9.85 µg/100g and in the endof storage was 257.23±17.00 µg/100g and organoleptic value of non whip out spines was 7.91±0.90 and whip out spines 7.53±1.06 in the end of storage.
Adult intussusception: unusual cause
Authors: A. C. Senthil Kumar , M. Malar Vannan 
Published: May 2017

Adult intussusception is a rare entity which accounts for 1-5% of intestinal obstructions in adults and just 5% of all cases of intussusception. The basic pathology and management of intussusception in adults differs from paediatric intussusception. Here we present an interesting case of adult intussusception with an unusual cause. A 33-year-old female presented with features of intestinal obstruction. Colonoscopy was done outside our institution which reported a smooth polypoidal mass in the terminal ileum, biopsy report was pending at that time. CT abdomen revealed dilated small bowel with narrowing in the ileo caecal junction. We proceeded with laparotomy. Intraoperatively dilated ileum with intussusception of the ileocecal junction into the ascending colon was found. Right hemicolectomy with ileotransverse colon anastomosis was done. Histopathology revealed Polyp with intussusception, 5cm from ileocecal junction, with sheets of lymphoid cells showing moderate pleomorphism, infiltrating submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa, margins uninvolved with lymph node- 3/32 positivity. Immunohistochemistry suggested B- cell lymphoma with CD20 positivity and Bcl 2 focal positivity. Routine treatment of Lymphoma after confirming with biopsy have been Chemotherapy. Role of surgeon in lymphoma is presently limited to biopsy, but there are situations like obstruction and perforation, where surgeon should take the lead role
HIV Infection of Macrophages: Implications for Pathogenesis and Cure
Authors: Clayton Kiera Leigh , Garcia Victor , Clements Janice E. , Walker Bruce D. 
Published: May 2017

Although CD4+ T cells represent the major reservoir of persistent HIV and SIV infection, accumulating evidence suggests that macrophages also contribute. However, investigations of the role of macrophages are often underrepresented at HIV pathogenesis and cure meetings. This was the impetus for a scientific workshop dedicated to this area of study, held in Cambridge, MA in January 2017. The workshop brought together experts in the fields of HIV/SIV immunology/virology, macrophage biology and immunology, and animal models of HIV/SIV infection to facilitate discussions regarding the role of macrophages as a physiologically relevant viral reservoir, and the implications of macrophage infection for HIV pathogenesis and cure strategies. An emerging consensus that infected macrophages likely persist in the setting of combination antiretroviral therapy, driving persistent inflammation and contributing to the viral reservoir, indicate the importance of addressing macrophages as well as CD4+ T cells with future therapeutic strategies.
Correlations Between Physical Activity, Smoking Habit And Attitude In Elderly With Incidence of Osteoporosis
Authors: Dimyati Kiki Familia 
Published: May 2017

Osteoporosis was one of degenerative disease that is common in the elderly. There was a several of risk factors of osteoporosis. Two of them were physical activity and smoking habits. Attitude was one part of a person’s behavior that may affect the prevention of disease. This study aimed to analyze the affect of physical activity, smoking habits, and attitude of the elderly to incidence of osteoporosis. This study is an observational study with case control design. The number of samples in this study was 66 elderly who visited Osteoporosis Clinic Husada Utama Hospital in Surabaya. Respondent selection taken with systematic random sampling. The independent variables of this study were physical activity, smoking habit, and attitude, while the dependent variable was incidence of osteoporosis. Based on correlation analysis with logistic regression test showed there was a significant correlation (p<0,05) between physical activity, smoking habits, and attitude. Odds Ratio (OR) in this study for physical activity was 14,764 ,smoking habit was 9,646 and attitude was 5,623. The conclusion of this study, there was physical activity as a dominant affect after controlled smoking habits and attitude to incidence of osteoporosis. The suggestion is to do physical activity three times a week, consume healthy food and beverage, take an enough sleep,reduce stress factors and stop smoking also. Keywords: Physical activity, smoking habits, elderly
Relationship Between Mothers’ Role and Knowledge in Recurrence Prevention of Food Allergy for Children Under Five Years-Old
Authors: Rinawarti Fitria 
Published: May 2017

There are 30-40% of people with allergies world wide in 2011, this is based on data from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) more than tripled from 1993 to 2006. Parents play an important role in overcoming the recurrence of allergies in children in order of recurrence allergies and more severe recurrence. The goal of the study is to analyze association mothers’s role and knowledge in recurrence prevention of food allergy in children under five years-old. The study is an analytic observational research with cross sectional design. Method of sampling usedis simple random sampling. The samples were 39 mothers who have children under five years-old with food allergy in Rumah Sakit Islam Jemursari Surabaya. Analysis used chi-square test with α = 0.05 significance level.The results revealed the knowledge of mothers’ with allergy recurrance is 15 person (38,5%) have a good knowledge in prevention of food allergy in children under five years-old, while mothers’s role in recurrence prevention of food allergy in children under five years-old is 26 person (66,7%) have a role unfavorable. The statistical test by using chi-square revealed there were association between mothers’role (ρ=0,030) and mother’s of knowledge (ρ=0,00001)in recurrence prevention of food allergy for children under five years-old.The conclusions of the results this study is mothers’s role with unfavorable to have children under five years-old with an allergy recurrence of severe allergy, while mothers with good knowledge to have children under five years-old with an allergy reccurrance of mild allergy.Keywords: recurrence allergies, mother’s role, mother’s knowledge
Knowledge and Preventive Action of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Transmission in Household Contacts
Authors: Agustina Saflin , Wahjuni Chatarina Umbul 
Published: May 2017

Tuberculosis is an infectious disease directly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Family involvement for its prevention need to be taken into account includes knowledge, attitudes and practice. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences of the prevention behavior of the disease in household contact families in the working area of Puskesmas Rangkah, Pacar Keling and Gading at Surabaya 2015. This research was case control study uses a sample of 25 cases and 25 control samples. Collecting data using questionnaires to obtain information about the variables: the prevention of the disease transmission, socio-economic status, gender, knowledge and attitudes. The results showed that the majority of respondents have a socio-economic status in the low category (72 %), female (58 %), have a good knowledge (78 %), a good attitude (72 %), and good transmission prevention of pulmonary TB (56 %). Chi square test showed that there is a gender difference (p = 0.010). Wilxocon Mann Whitney test shows that no differences in socioeconomic status (p = 0.533), attitude ( p = 0.212 ) and there are differences in knowledge (p = 0.018) and action (p = 0.000) prevention of transmission of the disease in the household contacts. It can be concluded that there is a difference in behavior includes knowledge and preventive measures of pulmonary TB transmission in the household contacts. Suggest the need for cooperation and intervention from a health personnel to family and patient as well as the strong motivation of the people against infection-prevention measures of pulmonary TB. Keywords: family, knowledge, attitude, precaution of Pulmonary Tuberculosis infection