bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study on the Significance of Cofilin 1 Overexpression in Human Bladder Cancer
Authors: Wang Fei , Wu Dinglan , He Fengrong , Fu Housheng , Xu Jianbing , Chen Jianxiang , Zhang Shufang , Wang Weifu 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Cofilin 1 is a type of cytoskeletal protein. The overexpression of this gene has been regarded to hold a special relationship with the development and progress of some cancers. However, the detailed position of Cofilin 1 in human bladder cancer has not been investigated intensively. Methods In this study, we mainly explored the relationship between human bladder cancer and the expression of Cofilin 1. The expression of Cofilin 1 in bladder cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues of patients was evaluated with quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. Downregulation of Cofilin 1 expression model was established with siRNA in human RT4 bladder cancer cell line, and the changing cell viability was analyzed to determine the role of Cofilin 1 in human bladder cancer. Results Our results showed that the expression of Cofilin 1 was much higher in both RNA level and protein level in human bladder cancer tissues than paracancerous tissues for 3 patients. Downregulation of Cofilin 1 expression could inhibit cell proliferation, cell migration, cell adhesion, and colony formation ability, and increase the percentage of cell apoptosis in RT4 cells. Conclusions Our study indicates that Cofilin 1 holds an important position in the development and progression of human bladder cancer, and this gene might become a novel target in the diagnosis and treatment of human bladder cancer.
Radiofrequency-Induced Thermo-Chemotherapy Effect (Rite) for Non Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Treatment: Current Role and Perspectives
Authors: Colombo Renzo , van Valenberg Hans , Moschini Marco , Witjes Johannes A. 
Published: October 2016

Although many treatment modalities and schedules for nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) exist, all yet prove to have limitations and the search for new therapeutic strategies continues. Among these, the combination of intravesical chemotherapy and microwave-induced local hyperthermia has been investigated and clinically tested during more than 15 years. Objective An updated review of intravesical radiofrequency (RF)-induced thermo-chemotherapy effect (RITE) for NMIBC with regard to efficacy, adverse events (AEs) and perspectives. Evidence Acquisition An extensive and sensitive search for RF-induced chemo-hyperthermia in Medline, Embase, Cochrane and ClinicalTrials.gov databases was performed. A table of published clinical trials up to 2016 was constructed. No meta-analysis could be performed on the basis of new papers. Evidence Synthesis Recurrence was seen 59% less after RITE than after mitomycin C (MMC) alone in adjuvant clinical setting with an overall bladder preservation rate after RITE of 85%. The efficacy was proved to be comparable to that of Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin (BCG), based on a single comparative multicentric study. Due to short follow-up, no conclusions can be drawn about time to recurrence and progression. The AE rate in RITE was higher, although not statistically significant, than MMC alone and similar to that of BCG, albeit different in the type of AE. In almost all studies, no severe AEs are reported. Conclusions RITE appears as a promising treatment option for NMIBC, particularly for high-risk patients with recurrent tumors, for those unsuitable for radical cystectomy and when Bacillus Calmette-Guèrin treatment is contraindicated. Further high-level evidence is needed for both reliable and reproducible data on efficacy and adverse events.
Generatieconflicten bij vermogende families
Authors: Verbeke Alain Laurent , Besieux Tijs 
Published: October 2016

Governance of family wealth
Governance of family wealth is multifaceted in nature. In order to deepen our understanding of this topical issue, the current article offers a framework to grasp the complexity of family wealth governance. In doing so, the authors make a distinction between family wealth, socioemotional wealth, and family dynamics. The authors bridge the three distinct – yet interrelated – aspects both from a legal and psychological perspective. The framework can expand insight towards conflicts existing within families, across generations. Each component then provides challenges as well as opportunities to manage family conflict in an integrative and sustainable manner, a process which is facilitated by empathy.
Rechters en mediation in België: eindelijk een sterke push?
Authors: Van Leynseele Patrick 
Published: October 2016

Judges and mediation in Belgium: finally a strong push?
The author notices that more and more Belgian judges seem to have understood what mediation is and what benefits it can bring to litigating parties over adjudicated solutions. Currently, judges have no means to force the parties to try to settle their dispute through mediation. Judicial initiatives aimed at convincing the parties and their lawyers to try mediation, are too often simply ignored. The article contains quotes from various tribunals advocating or ordering mediation before the continuation of the trial. The author’s argument is that the law should enable judges to force the parties to mediation, i.e. at least to participate in a joint session with the designated mediator. He describes what ought to be included. A new bill is currently being prepared by the Ministry of Justice – inspired by the Netherlands model – that will change the rules of civil procedure with a view to enhancing recourse to mediation.
Hoe denken Zuidas-advocaten over mediation?
Authors: Smeehuijzen Lodewijk 
Published: October 2016

How do lawyers at the Amsterdam ‘Zuidas’ judge about mediation?
It is often assumed business mediation in The Netherlands is not used to its full potential. This article reports on 17 interviews with lawyers from leading Dutch business law firms about their considerations regarding mediation. Most reasons mentioned to turn to mediation are in line with the advantages of mediation described in the literature. Unique positive considerations are: (i) mediation may serve as a substitute for confidential discussions between lawyers and (ii) a mediator may help to sidetrack the sub-standard lawyer on the other side. Reasons mentioned to refrain from mediation are: (i) attempts to resolve the conflict have already been made at various hierarchical levels of the companies involved; (ii) for lawyers with adequate negotiation skills a mediator has little added value; (iii) parties require a formal judgement; (iv) mediation implies some sort of compromise; (v) lack of trust between parties; (vi) not knowing any sufficiently skilled business mediators.
Determination of Diphenylether Herbicides in Water Samples Using Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction Combined with High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
Authors: Liu Yung-Hao , Chen Pai-Shan , Huang Shang-Da 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Shaker-assisted dispersive liquid−liquid microextraction (SA-DLLME) and surfactant dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (SDLLME) have been developed to determine five diphenylether herbicides in water samples using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA). For SA-DLLME, an up-and-down shaker-assisted emulsification was used. Extraction was complete in 3 min. Only30 μL of decyl acetate was required, without a dispersive solvent. The linear range was from 2 to 1000 μg L−1, the coefficient of determination (r2) was better than 0.9992, and the limit of detection (LOD) was from 0.62 to 1.74 μg L−1. The relative recovery (RR) ranged from 90 to 102% for river water, 88 to 104% for lake water, and 93 to 102% for irrigating water. In SDLLME, a microsyringe was used to withdraw and discharge a mixture consisting of an extraction solvent and 1 mg L−1 Tween 60 as a surfactant four times within 10 s to form an emulsified solution. The linear range for the target compounds was from 2 to 1000 μg L−1. The LODs were between 0.72 and 1.38 μg L−1. The RR ranged from 95to 108% for river water, 96 to 109% for lake water, and 86 to114% for irrigating water.
Impacto de las aulas de creación en el nivel medio superior: el caso ITESO
Authors: González García Javier 
Published: October 2016

Resumen: El artículo plantea un análisis etnográfico del impacto de aulas y talleres de creación artística en Educación Media y Superior. Para ello se analiza en profundidad el caso de la red de aulas y talleres artísticos dePromoción Cultural del ITESO, a través de la revisión de un proyecto de investigación que recuperó la experiencia vivida, sirviendo de retroalimentación para la propia institución. En el desarrollo de esta investigación se apunta a una serie de criterios, ya detectados en distintas líneas de investigación, que pudieran favorecer un “enfoque proactivo de la creatividad”, confirmar la figura del artista-pedagogo, poco conocida en el contexto universitario, y un tipo de didáctica que se ha denominado “apreciativa y/o generativa” centrada en la formación de actitudes. Esta experiencia pudiera servir de referente para otras instituciones, a la hora de abrir espacios en forma de redes de conocimiento grupal y afectivo más allá de la educación formal, donde cada institución pudiera construir sus respuestas en función de sus necesidades y contextos. Hemos asistido a un proceso de desarrollo. Se abre el despertar emocional de la creación como proceso evolutivo, donde las ideas se convierten en auténticas vivencias. Palabras clave: Taller, Creación Artística, Aprendizaje, Desarrollo Evolutivo, Educación Superior. Abstract: This article presents an ethnographic analysis of the impact of classrooms and workshops of artistic creation and Higher Education. For it is analyzed in depth the case of the network of classrooms and art workshops Cultural Promotion ITESO, through the review of a research project that recovered the experience, serving as feedback for the institution itself. In the development of this research points to a number of criteria, and identified different lines of research that might favor a "proactive approach to creativity," confirm the figure of the artist-educator, little known in the university context, and a type of teaching that has been called "appreciative and / or generative" focused on shaping attitudes. This experience could serve as a model for other institutions, when it comes to open spaces in the form of group and affective networks beyond formal education, where each institution could build their responses according to their needs and knowledge contexts. We have witnessed a process of development. The emotional awakening of creation as an evolutionary process, where ideas become real experiences opens. Keywords: Workshop, Artistic Creation, Learning, EvolutionaryDevelopment, Higher Education. http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.7.6842
ARTikertuz, ¿qué conocimiento generamos a partir de la relación pedagógica entre profesorado?
Authors: Aberasturi Estíbaliz , Correa Jose Miguel , Guerra Regina 
Published: October 2016

Resumen: Este artículo se basa en la experiencia que el grupo Elkarrikertuz lleva a cabo dentro del proyecto de investigación ARTikertuz (EHU 15/24). En él, se investiga sobre el conocimiento que se genera en las sesiones donde lxs participantes, entre lxs cuales se encuentran lxs investigadores, comparten sus experiencias y cuestionan sus propias prácticas docentes y las de sus compañerxs. Se abordan cuestiones curriculares y se trabaja en torno a la temática de la educación artística ya que se piensa que sus metodologías facilitan la comunicación y el intercambio de reflexiones. La metodología que se propone es la narrativa, usando el método visual, ya que permite indagar las relaciones pedagógicas desde su complejidad. Buscamos conocer las relaciones que tienen las personas con otros individuos y de qué manera estas relaciones posibilitan o obstaculizan la generación de conocimiento. Se centra en la construcción del conocimiento y en su representación: cómo nos narramos y relatamos lo que hacemos. Elegiremos imágenes de las sesiones, las analizaremos y pasaremos por las diferentes fases de análisis de los datos para abordar la cuestión de investigación a través de la discusión y aportar las conclusiones. Palabras clave: relación pedagógica, comunidad de práctica, investigación narrativa, práctica docente, metodologías visuales. Abstract: This article is based on the experience that the research group Elkariketuz carried out at the meetings of the project U.P.V. ARTikertuz. In it, it seeks to investigate the knowledge generated in the sessions where the participants, the same researchers, share their experiences and question their own teaching practices and those of their fellows. Curricular issues are addressed and it works around the theme of art education as it is thought that it's methodologies facilitate communication and the exchange of reflections. The proposed method is visual, allowing investigate the pedagogical relations since its complexity. It seeks to understand the relationships that people have with other individuals and how these relationships enable or hinder the generation of knowledge (collective or individual). It focuses on building knowledge and representation: how we narrate and we report what we do. We choose images of the sessions, we will analyze them and we will pass through the various stages of data analysis to address research through discussion and provide the findings. Keywords: pedagogical relationship, community of practice, narrative research, teaching practice, visual methodologies.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.7.8134
Los bienes culturales como patrimonio educativo
Authors: Panciroli Chiara 
Published: October 2016

Resumen: El patrimonio y los lugares que lo acogen, conservan, y exponen (entendiendo el museo como una referencia particular), se convierten progresivamente en espacios que revisten un papel estratégico, sobre todo en términos formativos. Se trata de una función formativa que se ha construido y se sigue definiendo con la historia de los museos y la individuación de los diferentes sentidos del bien objeto. El museo, considerado como el escenario final para la transmisión y comunicación del conocimiento, se convierte en un modelo cultural de aprendizaje, un lugar privilegiado para la investigación, en el que el visitante, en primer lugar, utiliza el ojo como una herramienta sensorial e intelectual para descubrir los "signos" de los mensajes; y más tarde, para interpretar y revisar el contenido del bien cultural. Palabras clave: Educación Artística, Educación en Museos, Patrimonio, Historia. Abstract: More and more Heritage and the places that host, treasure and exhibit it, - with a specific reference to museums - play a crucial role, above all in the educational sphere. A function indeed that has been developing and defining along with the history of museums and the identification of the various meanings of the “asset”. The museum, that has always considered the ideal place where knowledge is be queathed, becomes a cultural model for learning and a privileged context for research. As a matter, this is where we taught to use sight both as a sensory and intellectual tool and to discover the signs of messages as well as to understand and process heritage contents. Keywords:Arts Education, Museum Education, Heritage, History.http://dx.doi.org/10.7203/eari.7.8158
Luminescence and scintillation properties of Rb2HfCl6 crystals
Authors: Saeki Keiichiro , Wakai Yuki , Fujimoto Yutaka , Koshimizu Masanori , Yanagida Takayuki , Nakauchi Daisuke , Asai Keisuke 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We developed a scintillator based on a Rb2HfCl6 crystal as a ternary halide crystal with intrinsic luminescence. In the photoluminescence spectra, two emission bands are observed at 383 and 434 nm. The 434 nm emission band for Rb2HfCl6 may be attributed to [HfCl6]2− complex ion or [ZrCl6]2− impurity, since the Rb2HfCl6 contained Zr as impurity at 0.62 mol %. The radioluminescence band is observed at 420 nm and can be attributed to the same origin as the photoluminescence band at 434 nm. The scintillation decay-time constants were 0.84 and 5.4 µs. The light yield was estimated to be 24,100 photons/MeV.
Authigenic 10Be/9Be ratio signatures of the cosmogenic nuclide production linked to geomagnetic dipole moment variation since the Brunhes/Matuyama boundary
Authors: Simon Quentin , Thouveny Nicolas , Bourlès Didier L. , Valet Jean‐Pierre , Bassinot Franck , Ménabréaz Lucie , Guillou Valéry , Choy Sandrine , Beaufort Luc 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGeomagnetic dipole moment variations associated with polarity reversals and excursions are expressed by large changes of the cosmogenic nuclide beryllium‐10 (10Be) production rates. Authigenic 10Be/9Be ratios (proxy of atmospheric 10Be production) from oceanic cores therefore complete the classical information derived from relative paleointensity (RPI) records. This study presents new authigenic 10Be/9Be ratio results obtained from cores MD05‐2920 and MD05‐2930 collected in the west equatorial Pacific Ocean. Be ratios from cores MD05‐2920, MD05‐2930 and MD90‐0961 have been stacked and averaged. Variations of the authigenic 10Be/9Be ratio are analyzed and compared with the geomagnetic dipole low series reported from global RPI stacks. The largest 10Be overproduction episodes are related to dipole field collapses (below a threshold of 2 × 1022 Am2) associated with the Brunhes/Matuyama reversal, the Laschamp (41 ka) excursion, and the Iceland Basin event (190 ka). Other significant 10Be production peaks are correlated to geomagnetic excursions reported in literature. The record was then calibrated by using absolute dipole moment values drawn from the Geomagia and Pint paleointensity value databases. The 10Be‐derived geomagnetic dipole moment record, independent from sedimentary paleomagnetic data, covers the Brunhes‐Matuyama transition and the whole Brunhes Chron. It provides new and complementary data on the amplitude and timing of millennial‐scale geomagnetic dipole moment variations and particularly on dipole moment collapses triggering polarity instabilities.
Mass
Authors: Webster James G. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The term “mass” is often used in social commentaries and communication theory. Frequently it is an unflattering adjective that connotes vulgarity, passivity, or susceptibility to influence. But just as importantly, it describes a way of thinking about society, and the operation of media systems. As a noun, a mass is an entity with specific attributes that exhibits institutionally consequential behaviors. Often these mass behaviors are more than the sum of their parts. And because digital technologies now give rise to a variety of mass behaviors, evident in power law distributions and information cascades, the concept remains relevant to a network society.
Psychology, Developmental
Authors: Piotrowski Jessica Taylor , Valkenburg Patti M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDevelopmental psychology is the scientific study of the life span of human beings. Communication scientists interested in the study of youth and media often use developmental psychology to help guide their understanding of how youth select, use, and experience media content. Grounded in developmental psychology, the moderate‐discrepancy hypothesis has been used to understand developmental differences in the media use of children and adolescents. This hypothesis predicts that at, any given age, a moderate level of stimulus complexity is preferred and that this level increases as the child matures. The hypothesis has received reasonable support and continues to be one of the reigning developmental explanations for the changing media preferences that occur throughout childhood and adolescence. The integration of developmental psychology into communication science played a significant role in helping shift the field's perception of children from passive media consumers to active media consumers.
Synchrony and Asynchrony
Authors: Casey Cheryl A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis entry describes synchrony and asynchrony as the temporal modalities of different communication media. It reviews how these modalities affect a medium's contribution to communication behaviors. Each major communication form (oral, written/printed, electronic, and digital) is considered, with particular attention paid to the distinctions between synchrony and asynchrony in computer‐mediated communication (CMC). The entry concludes with a review of the significant research applications of synchrony and asynchrony in CMC studies and theory development.
Public
Authors: Kittler Juraj 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe term “public” is one of the most frequently used concepts in a wide range of disciplines, from social sciences to political philosophy, yet it is also one that is among the most vaguely defined. It was adapted to English from Latin and in the most common form it is implicitly defined as the opposite of private, yet at the same time it is often confounded with that which pertains to the state. The public—understood as an assembly of private citizens who gather in order to create a public body—was one of the key concepts of early sociology. It was only the popularization of Habermas's thesis in the 1990s that shifted scholarly attention from the term “public” toward the public sphere, adding another layer of semantic ambiguity to the already problematic concept.
W
ittgenstein,
L
udwig
Authors: Moyal‐Sharrock Danièle 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889–1951) is one of the greatest philosophers of the 20th century. He is best known for
Tractatus Logico‐Philosophicus
,
Philosophical Investigations
, and
On Certainty
. Wittgenstein's philosophy covers a great range of topics including logic, mathematics, religion, aesthetics, anthropology, psychology, culture, and perception. In his treatment of these, Wittgenstein exposes and redefines our understanding of mind, language, meaning, and action.
Structure
Authors: Bolin Göran 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This entry describes the various ways in which structure either has been theorized or has been an ontological assumption underlying the analysis of communication. Six approaches to structure are accounted for: economic (or political economic), social structures, system theory and theories of network societies as theorized from within the social sciences, and linguistic and cultural structures, emanating from the humanities. The entry ends with an account of approaches that have sought to integrate or merge some of these approaches, and tried to overcome their limitations.
International Relations
Authors: Fluck Matthew 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe role of communication in positivist international relations theory has generally been limited to rational choice accounts of signaling or cooperation in a competitive system of states. However, critical theorists and constructivists working in the discipline have emphasized the importance of communication in the development of key international rules and norms. Meanwhile, postcolonialists and poststructuralists have suggested the need to consider the relationship between marginalized groups and the predominant forms of international communication.
Merton,Robert K.
Authors: Simonson Peter 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOne of the leading sociologists of the twentieth century, Robert K. Merton made direct and indirect contributions to communication theory and research. A theoretical architect of functional and structural analysis, Merton published influential studies in the sociology of science, bureaucracy, media, communication, and culture. Together with his longtime colleague Paul Lazarsfeld, Merton laid foundations for communications research as a theoretically guided, methodologically rigorous, and empirically grounded social science. His analytically nuanced writings on communication bridge Anglo‐American and Continental social theory, situate social phenomena within their broader cultural and historical environments, and blend objectivist with cautiously critical sensibilities.