bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling Unconventional Gas Traps: Elmworth Field, Alberta, Canada
Authors: Maubeuge F. , Lerche I. 
Published: January 2017

The Elmworth Field is the largest gas field of the Western Canada sedimentary Deep Basin. Gas found in stratigraphic traps lies downdip from water, with no known permeability barrier between. A two dimensional quantitative analysis of the basin was undertaken in order to simulate such unconventional entrapment. The modelling shows how it is possible to accumulate gas in the low permeability sand reservoirs of the Lower Cretaceous. It appears that the Elmworth basin is a system in dynamical evolution, where gas loss due to migration is partly compensated for by contemporary gas generation. While the on-going gas generation is highly influenced by the recent paleoheat flow, the early migration has been controlled by cementation which, by lowering the permeability, reduces the gas loss with time, so that significant gas trapping can be obtained today. This work presents a set of conditions leading to such unconventional gas accumulations and discusses the parameters influencing the total amount of gas accumulated at present day; characteristics of the sediments, such as porosity and permeability behavior through time, cementation parameters, amount of sediments removed during the Paleocene erosion, or heat flow variation with time, are also bracketed in order that gas accumulations predicted are in agreement with those observed today. The inherent underpressure due to gas saturated formations is also considered.
2000 in Review: A Synthesis of the Special Education Technology Literature
Authors: Edyburn Dave L. 
Published: January 2017

Scholars and practitioners alike are challenged by the pace of change and the challenge of staying apprised of current developments in their discipline. Despite the ease of accessing the World Wide Web and its ever-increasing supply of information, the professional journal continues to serve an important gatekeeping function that validates and manages a discipline's emerging knowledge base. The purpose of this study was to examine the extant knowledge base that contributes to recent additions to special education technology knowledge. Research synthesis methods were used to examine two questions: How widely scattered is the literature on special education technology? What have we learned lately? The table of contents from each issue of 31 journals in special education technology, special education, and educational technology published in 2000 were studied. The procedures yielded a corpus of 906 articles of which 197 articles (22%) were judged relevant for this review by contributing to the emerging knowledge base on special education technology research and practice. Analysis of the literature scatter revealed relevant literature could be found in 29 journals but that a core set of four journals contributed 55% of the relevant articles. Content analysis of the relevant articles revealed several recurrent themes in the literature: (a) augmentative and alternative communication (AAC), (b) accessibility (c) assistive technology, (d) implementation issues, (e) Internet applications and web resources, (f) preservice teacher education, and (g) technology integration. The value and limitations of this synthesis methodology are noted along with the implications of this work for future research.
Influence of Depth of Hypnosis on Pupillary Reactivity to a Standardized Tetanic Stimulus in Patients Under Propofol-Remifentanil Target–Controlled Infusion: A Crossover Randomized Pilot Study
Authors: Sabourdin Nada , Peretout Jean-Baptiste , Khalil Eliane , Guye Marie-Laurence , Louvet Nicolas , Constant Isabelle 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUND:
Pupillometry allows the measurement of pupillary diameter variations in response to nociceptive stimuli. This technique has been used to monitor the balance between analgesia and nociception. Under general anesthesia, the amplitude of pupillary dilation is related to the amount of administered opioids. The objective of this study was to determine whether at a constant infusion rate of opioids, the pupillary response was influenced by depth of hypnosis assessed by the bispectral index (BIS).

METHODS:
Twelve patients (14–20 years) anesthetized for orthopedic surgery were included. Under propofol-remifentanil target–controlled infusion, remifentanil effect site target concentration was fixed at 1 ng/mL. Two measures of pupillary reflex dilation were performed on each patient in a randomized order: one at BIS 55 and one at BIS 25. These levels of BIS were obtained by adjusting propofol target concentration and maintained for 10 minutes before each measure. For each measure, we applied a standardized tetanic stimulation on the patient’s forearm (60 mA, 100 Hz, 5 seconds). All measures were performed before the beginning of surgery.

RESULTS:
Pupillary dilation was significantly greater at BIS 55 than at BIS 25: 32.1% ± 5.3% vs 10.4% ± 2.5% (mean difference estimate [95% confidence interval]: 21.8% [12.9–30.6], P < .001), without carryover effect (P = .30) nor period effect (P = .52). Hemodynamic parameters and BIS were not modified by the stimulation.

CONCLUSIONS:
In patients receiving a constant infusion of remifentanil at a target concentration of 1 ng/mL, pupillary dilation after a standardized tetanic stimulation was influenced by depth of hypnosis assessed by the BIS.
Kon-tiki enhances PS2 integrin adhesion and localizes its ligand, Thrombospondin, in the myotendinous junction
Authors: Pérez-Moreno Juan J. , Espina-Zambrano Agueda G. , García-Calderón Clara B. , Estrada Beatriz 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT
Cell–extracellular-matrix adhesion is mediated by cell receptors, mainly integrins and transmembrane proteoglycans, which can functionally interact. How these receptors are regulated and coordinated is largely unknown. We show that the conserved transmembrane Drosophila proteoglycan Kon-tiki (Kon, also known as Perdido) interacts with the αPS2βPS integrin (αPS2 is encoded by inflated and βPS by myospheroid) to mediate muscle–tendon adhesion. kon and inflated double mutant embryos show a synergistic increase in muscle detachment. Furthermore, Kon modulates αPS2βPS signaling at the muscle attachment, since phosphorylated Fak is reduced in kon mutants. This reduction in integrin signaling can be rescued by the expression of a truncated Kon protein containing its transmembrane and extracellular domains, suggesting that these domains are sufficient to mediate this signaling. We show that these domains are sufficient to properly localize the αPS2βPS ligand, Thrombospondin, to the muscle attachment, and to partially rescue Kon-dependent muscle–tendon adhesion. We propose that Kon can engage in a protein complex with αPS2βPS and enhance integrin-mediated signaling and adhesion by recruiting its ligand, which would increase integrin-binding affinity to the extracellular matrix, resulting in the consolidation of the myotendinous junction.
CT and MRI findings of thymic carcinoid
Authors: Shimamoto Aya , Ashizawa Kazuto , Kido Yasuo , Hayashi Hideyuki , Nagayasu Takeshi , Kawakami Atsushi , Mukae Hiroshi , Hayashi Tomayoshi , Ohtsubo Mayumi , Shigematsu Kazuto , Nakazono Takahiko , Yabuuchi Hidetake , Uetani Masataka 
Published: January 2017

Objective:
To evaluate the CT and MRI findings of thymic carcinoid and to compare these findings with previously published findings of thymoma.

Methods:
11 cases of pathologically proven thymic carcinoid were reviewed retrospectively. Three patients had typical carcinoid, and eight patients had atypical carcinoid. The characteristics of the tumours and related thoracic abnormalities were assessed in each case on CT and/or MRI by two chest radiologists. The final decisions on the findings were reached by consensus.

Results:
Thymic carcinoids were more likely to have a large mass (ranging from 18 to 105 mm), irregular contours (n = 8), heterogeneous intensity on T 2 weighted images (n = 6; eight patients underwent MRI), heterogeneous enhancement (n = 9) and local invasion (n = 7). A necrotic or cystic component was identified in seven patients (one typical carcinoid and six atypical carcinoids). Lymphadenopathy was seen in four patients. Septum, capsule, haemorrhage and calcification were seen in three patients, two patients, two patients and one patient, respectively, with atypical carcinoid.

Conclusion:
Thymic carcinoids tend to have a high prevalence of large masses, irregular contours, heterogeneous intensity on T 2 weighted images, heterogeneous enhancement and local invasion on CT and/or MRI. A necrotic or cystic component is often seen in atypical carcinoid.

Advances in knowledge:
Radiologic features of thymic carcinoid mimic those of high-risk thymomas and/or thymic carcinomas.
A Preliminary Report on the Thraustochytrid(s) and Labyrinthulid(s) Associated with a Pathological Condition in the Lesser Octopus Eledone cirrhosa
Authors: Polglase Jane L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA pathological condition occurring in the lesser octopus, Eledone cirrhosa, is described. This results in progressive ulceration of the skin of the animal, followed by oedema of body tissues and death. Light and electron microscope studies of the skin ulcers reveal the constant presence of thraustochytrid-like organism(s) and often, although not in all instances, the presence of a presumed labyrinthulid. Studies are currently in progress to identify both these organisms and to establish the role that they play in the condition described.
Cytological Mechanism Underlying Darkness-Survival of the Unicellular Red Alga Porphyridillm cruentum
Authors: Bisalputra Thana , Antia Naval J. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract1. The ultrastructure of the unicellular rhodophyte Porphyridium cntentum Naegeli was examined prior to 8-weeks' placement in total darkness and after subsequent re-exposure to light. The algal cells were contained in inorganic seawater medium incapable of supporting growth in darkness. The "recovery" process of the darkness-inactivated alga was monitored by electron microscopy of culture samples periodically fixed from zero to 72 hours of reinstatement in continuous light.2. Four types of cells were recognized in the course of this study: (i) nomlal (vegetative) cells from growth in light; (ii) moribund (presumed non-viable) cells from senescence; (iii) donnant (resting) cells from darkness inactivation; (iv) reactivated cells recovering from dormancy on re-exposure to light. Apart from 22% reduction in cell volume from light deprivation, these cell types differed from one another in relatively minor structural details, and there were no indications of wall thickening or other features commonly considered characteristic of spores and cysts. The donnant cells were characterized by poor stainability of all internal membranes, excessive clumping of thylakoids, absence of recognizable pyrenoid, starch bodies, endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosomes, and proliferation of plastoglobuli and cytoplasmic vacuoles. Cells with such properties intermediate between the normal and dormant types were considered reactivated by light, whilst those showing extensive damage (dilation and rupture) of membranes of vital organelles were considered moribund. Phycobilisomes were observed in all cell types.3. The population emerging from darkness showed 90% dormant and 10% moribund cells. With increasing duration of re-illumination, the dormant cells were rapidly transformed into reactivated types, which achieved population peak at 6 hr and then declined with further transformation to normal cells. At 24-hr illumination, the normal cells were predominant, with total disappearance of donnant cells. The conversion of reactivated to normal cells was virtually complete within 48-72 hr illumination.4. It is concluded that P. cruentum survives darkness by a process of dormancy involving minimal ultrastructural changes, and the absence of extra wall or sheath formation is inferred to facilitate the remarkably rapid activation of the alga on restoration of light.
The natriuretic peptide MR-proANP predicts all-cause mortality and adverse outcome in community patients: a 10-year follow-up study
Authors: Odermatt Jonas , Hersberger Lara , Bolliger Rebekka , Graedel Lena , Christ-Crain Mirjam , Briel Matthias , Bucher Heiner C. , Mueller Beat , Schuetz Philipp 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:The precursor peptide of atrial natriuretic peptide (MR-proANP) has a physiological role in fluid homeostasis and is associated with mortality and adverse clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. Little is known about the prognostic potential of this peptide for long-term mortality prediction in community-dwelling patients. We evaluated associations of MR-proANP levels with 10-year all-cause mortality in patients visiting their general practitioner for a respiratory tract infection.Methods:In this post-hoc analysis including 359 patients (78.5%) of the original trial, we calculated cox regression models and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to assess associations of MR-proANP blood levels with mortality and adverse outcome including death, pulmonary embolism, and major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events.Results:After a median follow-up of 10.0 years, 9.8% of included patients died. Median admission MR-proANP levels were significantly elevated in non-survivors compared to survivors (80.5 pmol/L, IQR 58.6–126.0; vs. 45.6 pmol/L, IQR 34.2–68.3; p<0.001) and associated with 10-year all-cause mortality (age-adjusted HR 2.0 [95% CI 1.3–3.1, p=0.002]; AUC 0.79). Results were similar for day 7 blood levels and also for the prediction of other adverse outcomes.Conclusions:Increased MR-proANP levels were associated with 10-year all-cause mortality and adverse clinical outcome in a sample of community-dwelling patients. If diagnosis-specific cut-offs are confirmed in future studies, this marker may help to direct preventive measures in primary care.
Hb variants in Korea: effect on HbA1c using five routine methods
Authors: Yun Yeo-Min , Ji Misuk , Ko Dae-Hyun , Chun Sail , Kwon Gye Cheol , Lee Kyunghoon , Song Sang Hoon , Seong Moon Woo , Park Sung Sup , Song Junghan 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background:
Quantification of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a challenge in patients with hemoglobin (Hb) variants. We evaluated the impact of various Hb variants on five routine HbA1c assays by comparing with the IFCC reference measurement procedure (RMP).

Methods:
Whole blood samples showing warning flags or no results on routine HPLC HbA1c assays were confirmed for Hb variants and were submitted to HbA1c quantification using Sebia Capillarys 2 Flex Piercing, Roche Tina-quant HbA1c Gen. 2, Bio-Rad Variant II Turbo 2.0, ADAMS HA-8180, Tosoh G8 standard mode, and IFCC RMP using LC-MS.

Results:
Among 114 samples, the most common variants were Hb G-Coushatta (n=47), Queens (n=41), Ube-4 (n=11), Chad (n=4), Yamagata (n=4), G-His-Tsou (n=2), G-Taipei (n=1), Fort de France (n=1), Hoshida (n=1), and two novel variants (Hb α-globin, HBA 52 Gly>Cys and Hb β-globin, HBB 146 His>Asn). In terms of control samples, all the result of HbA1c were “acceptable”, within the criteria of ±7% compared to IFCC RMP target values. However, percentage of “unacceptable” results of samples with Hb variants were 16% for Capillarys 2, 7% for Tina-quant, 51% for Variant II Turbo 2.0, 95% for G8 standard mode, and 89% for HA-8180. The Capillarys 2 and HA-8180 assay did not provide the results in 5 and 40 samples with Hb variants, respectively.

Conclusions:
HbA1c results from five routine assays in patients with relatively common Hb variants in Korea showed various degrees of bias compared to those of IFCC RMP. Therefore, laboratories should be aware of the limitation of their methods with respect to interference from Hb variants found commonly in their local population and suggest an alternative HbA1c quantification method.
The relationship between vacuum and hemolysis during catheter blood collection: a retrospective analysis of six large cohorts
Authors: Mrazek Cornelia , Simundic Ana-Maria , Wiedemann Helmut , Krahmer Florian , Felder Thomas Klaus , Kipman Ulrike , Hoppe Uta , Haschke-Becher Elisabeth , Cadamuro Janne 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground:Blood collection through intravenous (IV) catheters is a common practice at emergency departments (EDs). This technique is associated with higher in vitro hemolysis rates and may even be amplified by the use of vacuum collection tubes. Our aim was to investigate the association of five different vacuum tubes with hemolysis rates in comparison to an aspiration system under real-life conditions and to propose an equation to estimate the amount of hemolysis, depending on the vacuum collection tube type.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated hemolysis data of plasma samples from our ED, where blood is drawn through IV catheters. Over the past 5 years, we compared 19,001 hemolysis index values amongst each other and against the respective vacuum pressure (Pv) of the collection tubes, which were used within the six observational periods.Results:The highest hemolysis rates were associated with full-draw evacuated tubes. Significantly reduced hemolysis was observed for two kinds of partial-draw tubes. The hemolysis rate of one partial-draw blood collection tube was comparable to those of the aspiration system. Regression analysis of Pvand mean free hemoglobin (fHb) values yielded the formula fHb (g/L)=0.0082*Pv2–0.1143*Pv+ 0.5314 with an R2of 0.99.Conclusions:If IV catheters are used for blood collection, hemolysis rates directly correlate with the vacuum within the tubes and can be estimated by the proposed formula. By the use of partial-draw vacuum blood collection tubes, hemolysis rates in IV catheter collections can be reduced to levels comparable with collections performed by aspiration systems.
An assessment of overutilization and underutilization of laboratory tests by expert physicians in the evaluation of patients for bleeding and thrombotic disorders in clinical context and in real time
Authors: Sarkar Mayukh K. , Botz Chad M. , Laposata Michael 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Background:
Diagnostic error is extremely common in the USA and likely around the world. A major reason for the diagnostic error is both the overutilization and the underutilization of laboratory tests. Using a panel of two to four experts in coagulation, test selection was reviewed in clinical context and in real time, and consensus determinations were made to derive conclusions about the extent of overutilization and underutilization.

Methods:
Two hundred cases of patients being evaluated for bleeding or thrombotic issues were presented at each daily meeting of the diagnostic management team, and a review of each case for appropriate utilization of tests was completed.

Results:
Two hundred randomly selected cases revealed 77.5% diagnostic errors (155 cases). Sixteen percent were associated with overutilization of laboratory tests, 44% were associated with underutilization, and 17.5% were associated with both. The annual cost burden estimated for overutilization alone in one institution of 450 beds was on the order of $20,000. The cost burden for the delay in diagnosis or the misdiagnosis in cases with underutilization is orders of magnitude greater ($200,000 or more), but it is impossible to determine the cost of a misdiagnosis in an individual case because it can produce many different clinical outcomes.

Conclusions:
This was a rare opportunity for experts in a given field to review cases in real time and in clinical context and provide immediately a consensus answer about test utilization. The results of this study show errors in test selection in nearly 75% of the cases evaluated.
A Proposal of a Mass Appraisal System in Greece with CAMA System: Evaluating GWR and MRA techniques in Thessaloniki Municipality
Authors: Dimopoulos Thomas , Moulas Alexandros 
Published: January 2017

AbstractProperty tax in Greece is levied since 1985 not on Market Values but on the “objective value” of the properties as it is defined by the Ministry of Economics. It forms a non-flexible system, with market-irrelevant and unrealistic values, inducing land-policy practices and potential political cost to each periodical update. Furthermore, instead of adjusting taxation levels to the current economic reality, the real estate market is experiencing further burdening through approximately 40 different property taxes and levies, leading to further shrinking and depreciation. The authors believe that a fairer taxation system could significantly assist the property sector in Greece. Thus, through this paper and by studying and analyzing best practices from other countries, they propose models that can be applied with the use of existing data in Greece. This work aims to identify the critical parameters that affecting property values in Thessaloniki to create a Market Value forecasting tool for a fairer taxation system, to highlight the importance of a GIS system for this purpose and to compare the results of MRA with the use of SPSS with those of GWR in ArcGIS environment. For the purposes of this study, the Municipality of Thessaloniki was chosen due to its very well organized portal with significant and well organized geographical data and because authors manage to access some data from the Central Bank of Greece, regarding property valuations.
A hybrid downscaling approach for the estimation of climate change effects on droughts using a geo-information tool. Case study: Thessaly, Central Greece
Authors: Tzabiras John , Loukas Athanasios , Vasiliades Lampros 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMultiple linear regression is used to downscale large-scale outputs from CGCM2 (second generation CGCM of Canadian centre for climate monitoring and analysis) and ECHAM5 (developed at the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology), statistically to regional precipitation over the Thessaly region, Greece. Mean monthly precipitation data for the historical period Oct.1960-Sep.2002 derived from 79 rain gauges were spatially interpolated using a geostatistical approach over the region of Thessaly, which was divided into 128 grid cells of 10 km × 10 km. The methodology is based on multiple regression of large scale GCM predictant variables with observed precipitation and the application of a stochastic time series model for precipitation residuals simulation (white noise). The methodology was developed for historical period (Oct.1960–Sep.1990) and validated against observed monthly precipitation for period (Oct.1990–Sep.2002). The downscaled proposed methodology was used to calculate the standardized precipitation index (SPI) at various timescales (3-month, 6-month, 9-month, 12-month, 24-month) in order to estimate climate change effects on droughts. Various evaluation statistics were calculated in order to validate the process and the results showed that the method is efficient in SPI reproduction but the level of uncertainty is quite high due to its stochastic component.
Comparison of MODIS 250 m products for early corn yield predictions: a case study in Vojvodina, Serbia
Authors: Govedarica Miro , Jovanović Dušan , Sabo Filip , Borisov Mirko , Vrtunski Milan , Alargić Ivan 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to compare Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (