bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study on bacteriological profile, drug sensitivity and resistance pattern of isolated organism in neonatal septicaemia in neonatal intensive care unit
Authors: Joshi Himanshu A. , Shah Seema S. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Neonatal Sepsis is one of the major cause of mortality and morbidity in Neonates. Bacterial pathogens and drug resistance varies from different hospitals areas, regions and countries. Advances in early diagnosis and treatment have led to better prognosis of newborns in NICU. This study will provide the bacterial pathogen causing neonatal sepsis along with their antibiogram. The pattern of susceptibility to antibiotics in NICU at GMERS Medical College centre, was very helpful to start the empirical therapy.Methods: This retrospective study was carried out in GMERS Medical College, Gandhinagar from February 2015 to January 2016. Period in 228 neonates. Out of which 131 cases were positive for blood culture. The positive blood culture was detected by Bactec blood culture system.Results: In present study 131 out of 228 cases were culture positive (57.48%). In gram negative organism Klebsiella pneumoniae was the commonest followed by E. coli (3.05%) and Pseudomonas (2.3%) CONS was the most common isolates in from the group. Klebsiella pneumoniae was sensitive to levofloxacin (9816), imipenem (88.15%) and piperacillin+tazobactam (88.15%). This organism was having less sensitivity to routine 1st line antibiotics like ampicillin (9.2%), gentamycin (27.4%), amikeine (35.5%) amoxy+clavulinic (21%) acid, cefotaxime (25%), gram positive CONS having sensitivity to vanceomycin (8.8%), amkacine, ampicillin, levofloxacin, cefotaxime were having limited effect on CONS organism.Conclusions: There is an increasing trend of antibiotic resistance to the commonly used first line drugs. The pattern of sensitivity is changing hence continuous survelliance for antibiotic susceptibility is needed to ensure correct empirical therapy before blood culture reports are available.
Cobalamin and folate status in malnourished children
Authors: Goyal Suresh , Tiwari Kavita , Meena Pradeep , Malviya Sunny , Asif Mohd. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Vitamin B12 and folate are essential micronutrients which are critical especially during infancy and early childhood as these are periods of rapid growth, development, and increased demand. Malnutrition further increases the risk of these micronutrient deficiency due to poor socioeconomic status, inadequate intake and poor absorption. Aim of present work was to study the cobalamin and folate status in malnourished children.Methods: A hospital based observational study on 80 children suffering from severe acute malnutrition (SAM) aged 6-60 months. Detailed socio-economic, feeding and development history with complete anthropometric evaluation was done. Blood samples sent for measurement of plasma vitamin B12 and serum folate levels. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Mean age of SAM children was 17.25±12.60 months. 30 (37.5%) had vitamin B12 deficiency (vitamin B12 levels<100pg/ml) and 9 (11.25%) had borderline vitamin B12 levels (100-200pg/ml). Folate deficiency was found in only 7 (8.75%) children. Mean vitamin B12 and folate levels were found to be 353.65±330.76pg/ml, 11.18±4.17ng/ml respectively. Among vitamin B12 deficient children, majority (26, 86.66%) belong to lower socio-economic status, 17 (56.66%) were still predominantly on breast feeding and 11 (36.66%) had delayed introduction of complementary feeding. Among B12 deficient children 23 (76.66%) had delayed development (DQ <70). 100% of B12 deficient children were anemic with majority (21,70%) having severe anemia. 17 (56.66%) B12 deficient children also had associated thrombocytopenia (PC <1.5 lakh/cumm).Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency among malnourished children. Folate deficiency was found only in few. Efforts should be directed to prevent its deficiency in pregnant and breastfeeding women and their infants with special attention on malnourished children.
A study of clinical spectrum of opportunistic infections in HIV infected children and its correlation with CD4 count and anti-retroviral therapy
Authors: Jadhav Vishal Manohar , Gabhale Yashwant Raghu , Lala Mamatha Murad , Shah Nikita Dilip , Manglani Mamta Vijay 
Published: June 2017

Background: To determine the clinical spectrum and prevalence of opportunistic infections (OIs) in HIV infected children and correlate the occurrence of opportunistic infections with their CD4 count and Anti-retroviral treatment (ART).Methods: A total of 100 HIV infected children diagnosed with opportunistic infections were included in the study. Demographic details, clinical examination and relevant investigations were done for all the children. Clinical spectrum of OIs and HIV staging was recorded. CD4 counts were done at baseline and were repeated at 6 monthly intervals.Results: Mean age of the patients was 7.08±3.48 years (ranging from 6 months to 15 years) at enrollment with male to female ratio of 1.2:1. Fever (91%) was a common presenting symptom followed by weight loss (74%), cough (37%), abdominal pain (29%) and breathlessness (16%). CD4 count was significantly associated with presence of opportunistic infection in the study group. Tuberculosis - pulmonary (32%) and extra-pulmonary (29%) was the most common oppurtunistic infections, followed by oral thrush (13%), Herpes zoster (10%), Molluscum Contagiosum (9%), Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (3%), Parvovirus infection (3%) and Pruritic Papular Eruptions (2%). 70% children were on ART as per clinical and immunological staging of HIV.Conclusions: Low CD4 count is significantly associated with severe opportunistic infections, therefore drop in CD4 count should serve as an alarming signal for the treating physician. High index of suspicion is required to detect opportunistic infections and therefore CD4 counts should be done more frequently to predict occurrence of OIs.
Locally prepared ready to use therapeutic food for the treatment of children with severe acute malnutrition: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: R. Ravichandra K. , Behera Narendra 
Published: June 2017

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) remains as one of the major killers of children under five years of age. As per WHO are guidelines, dietary management plays a big role in the longer rehabilitation phase of management of SAM. RUTFs are now being used as a substitute to F-100 diet in the management of SAM around the globe. The objective of the study was to compare the efficacy of locally-prepared ready-to-use therapeutic food (LRUTF) and F-100 diet in promoting weight-gain in children with SAM.Methods: A total of 120 children were included in the study. The control cohort received F-100 while the study cohort received LRUTF diet. Both the groups received a total of 6 feeds per day which included 3 feeds of either LRUTF or F100 and 3 feeds from family pot. Outcome was measured in terms of Rate of weight gain/kg/day, duration of hospital stays and recovery rates.Results: There were 60 subjects in each group. Rate of weight gain was found to be (9.15±3.39 gm/kg/day) in LRUTF group and (6.72±1.05 gm/kg/day) in F-100 group. Significant difference in rate of weight gain was observed in LRUTF group. Duration of hospital stay was lesser in LRUTF group than F-100 group... Recovery rates in LRUTF group were better than F-100 group.Conclusions: LRUTF promotes more rapid weight-gain when compared with F100 in patients with SAM during rehabilitation phase. Duration of hospital stay is lesser in LRUTF group than that of F-100 group.
Cord blood bilirubin level as a predictor of development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in new-borns
Authors: Pradhan Ashish , Lamichaney Rachna , Sharma Vibhu 
Published: June 2017

Background: There may be a delay in recognition of pathological hyperbilirubinemia which may lead to serious consequences in the new born. The purpose of this study was to verify whether the cord bilirubin levels predicted the development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia.Methods: In this hospital based prospective cross-sectional study conducted at Central Referral Hospital, Gangtok from December 2014 to November 2015, 202 live new born meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. After birth, cord blood was collected for the estimation of cord blood bilirubin and the babies were followed up daily for the development of clinical jaundice. Peripheral venous blood was collected for the estimation of serum bilirubin levels in those who developed clinical jaundice.Results: The incidence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in our study is 12.87%. The mean gestational age is 38.3 weeks. There is a significant association between cord blood total bilirubin levels and the development of pathological hyperbilirubinemia in newborns with a P-value of 0.000. A critical cord bilirubin level ≥ 2.50mg/dl has sensitivity of 84.1%, specificity of 88.5%, positive predictive value of 98% and negative predictive value of 45.1% for predicting the risk of developing pathological jaundice.Conclusions: This study concludes that cord blood total bilirubin levels reliably predict the occurrence of pathological hyperbilirubinemia as defined by current operational guidelines.
Concha bullosa: types and relationship with chronic sinusitis
Authors: Wadhwa Saarthak , Sharma Naveen , Garg Uma , Dutta Prishni 
Published: June 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> The study was conducted with the objective<strong> </strong>to study the incidence of various types of concha bullosa as detected on computed tomography and to assess the relation between types of concha bullosa and sinusitis<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Computed tomography of 70 patients who were having symptoms and signs of sinusitis and had concha bullosa were studied retrospectively. These scans were categorized into three types of concha: lamellar, bulbous and extensive type<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was no significant relation between ostium blockage and presence of concha bullosa (p&gt;0.05). Also there was no significant relation between sinus disease and presence of concha bullosa on same side (p&gt;0.05)<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> There is no statistical significance of the type of concha bullosa with respect to sinusitis or ostio meatal complex blockage<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
Efficacy of TEOAEs and BERA as screening tools for deafness in newborn
Authors: Valse Dinesh , Nagarathna H. K. 
Published: June 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Hearing during the first 6 months of life is also considered as crucial for normal acquisition of language. Hence, infants with permanent congenital and early hearing loss identified by 6 months of age and given appropriate and timely support are reported to achieve better language outcomes than those identified later than 6 months of age.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> The study group constituted of 200 ears of 100 neonates (0-28 days) that were randomly selected. The neonates were taken from immunization clinic, newborn nursery, neonatal ward and intensive care unit of our hospital and also those referred from other hospitals. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There were 4 neonates (8 ears) with high risk factors of hyperbilirubinemia, prematurity and preterm born. These were subjected to Transient Evoked Oto-acoustic Emission (TEOAE) as well as BERA. Out of the 8 ears, 3 ears showed TEOAE fail, one had bilateral and the other had unilateral TEOAE fail. 5 ears passed TEOAE test.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> TEOAE cannot completely replace BERA as screening modality for hearing impairment in neonates, however can complement it. </p>
Humedales artificiales para el tratamiento de aguas residuales
Authors: Arias I. Carlos A. , Brix Hans 
Published: June 2017

The development of constructed wetland technology for wastewater treatment has gone a long way and from an experimental and unknown empirical method, which was capable of handling wastewater a sound technology was developed. Thanks to research, and the work of many public and private companies that have gather valuable operation information, constructed wetland technology has evolved to be a relievable, versatile and effective way to treat wastewater, run off, handle sludge and even improve environmental quality and provide recreation sites, while maintaining low operation and maintenance costs, and at the same time, producing water of quality that can meet stringet regulations, while being and enviromental friendly solution to treat wastewaters. Constructed wetlands can be established in many different ways and its characteristics can differ greatly, according to the user needs, the geographic site and even the climatic conditions of the area. The following article deals with the general characteristics of the technology and physical and chemical phenomena that govern the pollution reduction with in the different available systems.
Identificación de parámetros de sistemas dinámicos
Authors: Avilés S. Oscar F. , Niño S. Paola A. , Solaque Leonardo 
Published: June 2017

Durante el año 2001, en programa de Ingeniería Mecatrónica, se trabajó el tema de identificación de sistemas con el objetivo principal de aprender nuevas técnicas de modelamiento, sin recurrir al planteamiento total de las relaciones por medio de ecuaciones diferenciales, involucradas en un proceso. En este proyecto se diseña e implementa un prototipo, con el objetivo de identificar sistemas por medio del toolbox Ident del programa MATLAB en modelos cuyo comportamiento es de primer y segundo orden. Para su realización se recopiló información acerca del toolbox Ident del programa de simulación MATLAB, el proceso de identificación de sistemas, procedimientos de adquisición de datos e interfaces de comunicación. Una vez realizada la recopilación y análisis de información obtenida, se diseñaron los modelos electrónicos de sistemas de primero y segundo orden, cuyo comportamiento se deseaba observar experimentalmente y analizar por computador. El sistema está compuesto por una etapa de adquisición de datos que permite la transformación de las señales análogas procedentes de los modelos físicos, en señales digitales, las cuales son transmitidas al computador usando una interfaz y el programa LabView. El proceso de identificación se realiza posteriormente con el programa con el programa MATLAB y su toolbox Ident. Es de importancia resaltar que este proyecto está orientado al desarrollo de equipo y manejo de instrumentos de laboratorio.
Empleo de aceite quemado para mejorar las propiedades mecánicas de bases y subbases granulares
Authors: Reyes Ortiz Oscar Javier , Porras Myriam S. , Rodríguez A. Yesi 
Published: June 2017

En este artículo se describe la realización de un estudio experimental de laboratorio para la viabilidad del empleo de aceite quemado producido por el parque automotor de las grandes metrópolis, en la mejora de las propiedades mecánicas de las bases y subbases granulares empleadas para la construcción de una estructura de pavimentos, mediante la ejecución de los ensayos de proctor estándar, proctor modificado y C.B.R de laboratorio. El porcentaje de aceite quemado introducido en la ejecución de los ensayos de C.B.R., es determinado como reemplazo total o parcial de los porcentajes de humedad óptima de agua y aceite encontrados en los ensayos proctor. Los principales resultados obtenidos en la investigación corresponden a la determinación de los porcentajes óptimos de agua, aceite, y aceite con agua, que se deben emplear para alcanzar incrementos en la resistencia mecánica y en la densidad de los materiales de base y subbase granular.
Micronutrient supplementation in gastric bypass surgery: prospective study on inﬂammation and iron metabolism in premenopausal women
Authors: Marin Flávia Andréia , Verlengia Rozangela , Crisp Alex Harley , Sousa Novais Patrícia Fátima , Rasera-Junior Irineu , De Oliveira Maria Rita Marques 
Published: June 2017

Micronutrient supplementation in gastric bypass surgery: prospective study on infl ammation and iron metabolism in premenopausal women
Judicial Bypass for Minors Seeking Abortions in Arkansas Versus Other States
Authors: Altindag Onur , Joyce Ted 
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To describe demographic characteristics and abortion timing of minors in Arkansas who obtained an abortion through a judicial bypass, and to contrast the frequency of judicial bypass in other states in the United States.Methods. We used individual-level data on all abortions to minors (n = 2624) performed in Arkansas from 2005 to 2014 and aggregated data from 10 additional states on abortions obtained through a judicial bypass. We characterized correlates of the judicial bypass and its association with the timing of abortion.Results. Minors in Arkansas who used the courts were more likely to be 17 years of age, nonresidents of Arkansas, Hispanic, and with fewer previous pregnancies than their younger, resident, non-Hispanic White, and multigravida counterparts; 7.7% of abortions to minors were obtained via a bypass in 11 states, but only 2% if Texas and Arkansas are excluded.Conclusions. The demographics of minors who obtain an abortion through a judicial bypass differ significantly from those who have parental consent, and there is widespread variation in the proportion of bypass cases across states.
Hurricane Sandy (New Jersey): Mortality Rates in the Following Month and Quarter
Authors: Kim Soyeon , Kulkarni Prathit A. , Rajan Mangala , Thomas Pauline , Tsai Stella , Tan Christina , Davidow Amy 
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To describe changes in mortality after Hurricane Sandy made landfall in New Jersey on October 29, 2012. Methods. We used electronic death records to describe changes in all-cause and cause-specific mortality overall, in persons aged 76 years or older, and by 3 Sandy impact levels for the month and quarter following Hurricane Sandy compared with the same periods in earlier years adjusted for trends. Results. All-cause mortality increased 6% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2%, 11%) for the month, 5%, 8%, and 12% by increasing Sandy impact level; and 7% (95% CI = 5%, 10%) for the quarter, 5%, 8%, and 15% by increasing Sandy impact level. In elderly persons, all-cause mortality rates increased 10% (95% CI = 5%, 15%) and 13% (95% CI = 10%, 16%) in the month and quarter, respectively. Deaths that were cardiovascular disease–related increased by 6% in both periods, noninfectious respiratory disease–related by 24% in the quarter, infection-related by 20% in the quarter, and unintentional injury–related by 23% in the month. Conclusions. Mortality increased, heterogeneous by cause, for both periods after Hurricane Sandy, particularly in communities more severely affected and in the elderly, who may benefit from supportive services.
Vocal Timbre and the Classification of Respondent Sex in US Phone-Based Surveys
Authors: Riley Noah C. , Blosnich John R. , Bear Todd M. , Reisner Sari L. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives. To characterize the conflict of sex and gender identity variables in the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) sample and examine how this may affect the administration of sex-related health behavior items to transgender participants. Methods. We conducted a secondary analysis of the 2014 BRFSS gender identity, sex, and sex-related health behavior variables. Twenty states administered the gender-identity variables (n = 154 062), and 691 respondents identified as transgender in the survey (0.4%). We examined conflict among sex, gender identity, and gender-related variables, and compared conflicting and nonconflicting groups across 4 sociodemographic characteristics. Results. Nearly one third of respondents (27.8%; n = 171) who identified as transgender received sex-specific items that conflicted with their natal sex, thereby reducing the already small subsample of valid responses. There were no significant differences between conflicting and nonconflicting groups on the basis of region, age, race/ethnicity, or type of interview. Conclusions. Public health surveys should ask respondents to self-identify their sex and gender identity. Interviewer assumptions of respondents’ sex may lead to erroneous collection of sex- and gender-based items, inhibit survey administration, and create problems in data quality.
Deciphering Suicide and Other Manners of Death Associated with Drug Intoxication: A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Consultation Meeting Summary
Authors: Stone Deborah M. , Holland Kristin M. , Bartholow Brad , E. Logan Joseph , LiKamWa McIntosh Wendy , Trudeau Aimee , Rockett Ian R. H. 
Published: June 2017

Manner of death (MOD) classification (i.e., natural, accident, suicide, homicide, or undetermined cause) affects mortality surveillance and public health research, policy, and practice. Determination of MOD in deaths caused by drug intoxication is challenging, with marked variability across states.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention hosted a multidisciplinary meeting to discuss drug intoxication deaths as they relate to suicide and other MOD. The meeting objectives were to identify individual-level, system-level, and place-based factors affecting MOD classification and identify potential solutions to classification barriers.Suggested strategies included improved standardization in death scene investigation, toxicology, and autopsy practice; greater accountability; and creation of job aids for investigators. Continued collaboration and coordination of activities are needed among stakeholders to affect prevention efforts.
Forecasting Incremental Oil Production of a Polymer-Pilot Extension in the Matzen Field Including Quantitative Uncertainty Assessment
Authors: Chiotoroiu Maria-Magdalena , Peisker Jörg , Clemens Torsten , Thiele Marco R. 
Published: June 2017

Summary
The polymer-pilot project performed in the 8 TH reservoir of the Matzen field showed encouraging incremental oil production. To improve further the understanding of recovery effects resulting from polymer injection, an extension of the pilot is planned by adding a second polymer injector.
Forecasting of the incremental oil production needs to take the uncertainty of the geological models and dynamic parameters into account. We propose a work flow that is composed of a geological sensitivity and clustering step followed by a dynamic-calibration step for decreasing the objective function (OF) to improve the reliability of a probabilistic forecast of the incremental oil recovery.
For the geological sensitivity, hundreds of geological realizations were generated by taking the uncertainty in the correlation of the sand and shale layers, logs, cores, and geological facies into account. The simulated tracer response was used as dissimilarity distance to classify the geological realizations. Clustering was then applied to select 70 representative realizations (centroids) from a total of 800 to use in the full-physics dynamic simulation.
In the dynamic simulation, an OF composed of liquid rate and tracer concentration of the produced fluids was introduced.
To improve the calibration further, the P50 value of incremental oil production as derived from simulation was compared with the incremental oil production determined from decline-curve analysis (DCA) from the wells surrounding the polymer-injection well. The mismatch between the P50 and the DCA was improved by adjusting polymer viscosity.
The calibrated models were then used for both a probabilistic forecast of incremental oil caused by an additional polymer injector and an estimate of the expected polymer concentration at the producing wells.