bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuberculosis care among refugees arriving in Europe: a ERS/WHO Europe Region survey of current practices
Authors: Dara Masoud , Solovic Ivan , Sotgiu Giovanni , D'Ambrosio Lia , Centis Rosella , Tran Richard , Goletti Delia , Duarte Raquel , Aliberti Stefano , de Benedictis Fernando Maria , Bothamley Graham , Schaberg Tom , Abubakar Ibrahim , Teixeira Vitor , Ward Brian , Gratziou Christina , Migliori Giovanni Battista 
Published: August 2016

No evidence exists on tuberculosis (TB) and latent TB infection (LTBI) management policies among refugees in European countries.A questionnaire investigating screening and management practices among refugees was sent to 38 national TB programme representatives of low and intermediate TB incidence European countries/territories of the WHO European Region.Out of 36 responding countries, 31 (86.1%) reported screening for active TB, 19 for LTBI, and eight (22.2%) reporting outcomes of LTBI treatment. Screening for TB is based on algorithms including different combinations of symptom-based questionnaires, bacteriology and chest radiography and LTBI screening on different combinations of tuberculin skin test and interferon-γ release assays. In 22 (61.1%) countries, TB and LTBI screening are performed in refugee centres. In 22 (61.1%) countries, TB services are organised in collaboration with the private sector. 27 (75%) countries answered that screening for TB is performed as per national and international guidelines, while 19 (52.7%) gave the same answer with regards to LTBI screening. Infection control measures are inadequate in several of the countries surveyed.There is need for improved coordination of TB screening in Europe to implement the End TB Strategy and achieve TB elimination.
Diagnosing primary ciliary dyskinesia: an international patient perspective
Authors: Behan Laura , Dunn Galvin Audrey , Rubbo Bruna , Masefield Sarah , Copeland Fiona , Manion Michele , Rindlisbacher Bernhard , Redfern Beatrice , Lucas Jane S. 
Published: August 2016

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder characterised by progressive sino-pulmonary disease, with symptoms starting soon after birth. A European Respiratory Society (ERS) Task Force aims to address disparities in diagnostics across Europe by providing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. We aimed to identify challenges faced by patients when referred for PCD diagnostic testing.A patient survey was developed by patient representatives and healthcare specialists to capture experience. Online versions of the survey were translated into nine languages and completed in 25 countries. Of the respondents (n=365), 74% were PCD-positive, 5% PCD-negative and 21% PCD-uncertain/inconclusive. We then interviewed 20 parents/patients. Transcripts were analysed thematically.35% of respondents visited their doctor more than 40 times with PCD-related symptoms prior to diagnostic referral. Furthermore, the most prominent theme among interviewees was a lack of PCD awareness among medical practitioners and failure to take past history into account, leading to delayed diagnosis. Patients also highlighted the need for improved reporting of results and a solution to the “inconclusive” diagnostic status.These findings will be used to advise the ERS Task Force guidelines for diagnosing PCD, and should help stakeholders responsible for improving existing services and expanding provision for diagnosis of this rare disease.
Rapid generation of functional hepatocyte-like cells from human adipose-derived stem cells
Authors: Fu Yanli , Deng Jie , Jiang Qingyuan , Wang Yuan , Zhang Yujing , Yao Yunqi , Cheng Fuyi , Chen Xiaolei , Xu Fen , Huang Meijuan , Yang Yang , Zhang Shuang , Yu Dechao , Zhao Robert Chunhua , Wei Yuquan , Deng Hongxin 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Background
Liver disease is a major cause of death worldwide. Orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT) represents the only effective treatment for patients with liver failure, but the increasing demand for organs is unfortunately so great that its application is limited. Hepatocyte transplantation is a promising alternative to OLT for the treatment of some liver-based metabolic disorders or acute liver failure. Unfortunately, the lack of donor livers also makes it difficult to obtain enough viable hepatocytes for hepatocyte-based therapies. Currently, a fundamental solution to this key problem is still lacking. Here we show a novel non-transgenic protocol that facilitates the rapid generation of functional induced hepatocytes (iHeps) from human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), providing a source of available cells for autologous hepatocytes to treat liver disease.

Methods
We used collagenase digestion to isolate hADSCs. The surface marker was detected by flow cytometry. The multipotential differentiation potency was detected by induction into adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. Passage 3–7 hADSCs were induced into iHeps using an induction culture system composed of small molecule compounds and cell factors.

Results
Primary cultured hADSCs presented a fusiform or polygon appearance that became fibroblast-like after passage 3. More than 95 % of the cells expressed the mesenchymal cell markers CD29, CD44, CD166, CD105, and CD90. hADSCs possessed multipotential differentiation towards adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. We rapidly induced hADSCs into iHeps within 10 days in vitro; the cellular morphology changed from fusiform to close-connected cubiform, which was similar to hepatocytes. After induction, most of the iHeps co-expressed albumin and alpha-1 antitrypsin; they also expressed mature hepatocyte special genes and achieved the basic functions of hepatocyte. Moreover, iHep transplantation could improve the liver function of acute liver-injured NPG mice and prolong life.

Conclusions
We isolated highly purified hADSCs and rapidly induced them into functional hepatocyte-like cells within 10 days. These results provide a source of available cells for autologous hepatocytes to treat liver disease.
Draft genomic sequence of a chromate- and sulfate-reducing Alishewanella strain with the ability to bioremediate Cr and Cd contamination
Authors: Xia Xian , Li Jiahong , Liao Shuijiao , Zhou Gaoting , Wang Hui , Li Liqiong , Xu Biao , Wang Gejiao 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlishewanella sp. WH16-1 (= CCTCC M201507) is a facultative anaerobic, motile, Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from soil of a copper and iron mine. This strain efficiently reduces chromate (Cr6+) to the much less toxic Cr3+. In addition, it reduces sulfate (SO42−) to S2−. The S2− could react with Cd2+ to generate precipitated CdS. Thus, strain WH16-1 shows a great potential to bioremediate Cr and Cd contaimination. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the draft genome and comparative genomic results among strain WH16-1 and other Alishewanella strains. The genome comprises 3,488,867 bp, 50.4 % G + C content, 3,132 protein-coding genes and 80 RNA genes. Both putative chromate- and sulfate-reducing genes are identified.
Geothermal energy potential of sedimentary formations in the Athabasca region, northeast Alberta, Canada
Authors: Ardakani Elahe P. , Schmitt Douglas R. 
Published: August 2016

The Athabasca region, located in the northeast of Alberta, Canada, hosts many ongoing projects of bitumen extraction from oil sands and Devonian carbonate and siliciclastic reservoirs, which require a vast amount of thermal energy. Geothermal energy as a green renewable source of heat can help to reduce the amount of fossil fuels used to provide the required thermal energy for these projects and consequently decrease the greenhouse gas emission. To assess the geothermal development potential in this region, an integrated regional-scale 3D model was constructed with geologic and geophysical data (approximately 7000 formation tops and approximately 800 km seismic 2D profiles). Incorporation of 2D seismic profiles that filled in the gaps between sparse geologic tops particularly for deeper formations adds to structural details of the modeled formations. The temperature and porosity fields were simulated using the sequential Gaussian simulation approach within the modeled sedimentary formations. Based on spatial distribution, thickness, formation porosity and permeability analysis, five Paleozoic formations of Keg River, Waterways, Cooking Lake, Leduc, and Grosmont were identified as potential aquifers for geothermal development. These aquifers have enough coverage and thickness in the area and possess a high amount of thermal energy content. Because the sedimentary basin in the Athabasca region is quite shallow (less than 1400 m), these aquifers are all recognized as low enthalpy geothermal reservoirs with maximum of 40°C temperature and hence direct heating applications are not feasible. Use of industrial-scale heat-pump technologies that have long been used in northern Europe with high coefficients of performance would be recommended for heat extraction from these reservoirs.
A case study showing the value of multioffset synthetic seismograms in seismic data interpretation
Authors: Isaac J. Helen , Lawton Don C. 
Published: August 2016

A baseline 3D3C seismic survey was acquired in May 2014 at a Field Research Station in Southern Alberta, Canada, which is the site of experimental [Formula: see text] injection into an Upper Cretaceous sandstone at approximately 300 m depth. We have created synthetic seismograms from sonic and density logs to identify reflectors seen on the processed seismic data. The high-amplitude positive response (peak) at the top of the Upper Cretaceous Milk River Formation sandstone on the normal incidence PP synthetic seismogram does not match the response seen on the migrated PP seismic data, which is a very low amplitude peak. For such a high impedance, low Poisson’s ratio sandstone, the Zoeppritz equations predict a high-amplitude reflection coefficient at zero offset, then a decrease in amplitude, and even a change in polarity with increasing source-receiver offset. To match the stacked seismic data better, we have created offset synthetic seismograms using P- and S-wave sonic logs and density logs. The character of the top Milk River reflection on the seismic data stacked using all offset traces resembles that observed on the stacked offset synthetic seismogram, which is a similar low-amplitude peak. The character of the top Milk River reflection on the seismic data stacked using only near-offset traces to 250 m looks like that seen on the normal incidence synthetic seismogram.
Effectiveness of trauma-focused treatment for patients with psychosis with and without the dissociative subtype of post-traumatic stress disorder
Authors: van Minnen Agnes , van der Vleugel Berber. M. , van den Berg David. P. G. , de Bont P. A. J. M. , de Roos Carlijn , van der Gaag Mark , de Jongh A. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis study presents secondary analyses of a recently published trial in which post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients with psychosis (n = 108) underwent 8 sessions of trauma-focused treatment, either prolonged exposure (PE) or eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy. 24.1% fulfilled the criteria for the dissociative subtype, a newly introduced PTSD subtype in DSM-5. Treatment outcome was compared for patients with and without the dissociative subtype of PTSD. Patients with the dissociative subtype of PTSD showed large reductions in clinician-administered PTSD scale (CAPS) score, comparable with patients without the dissociative subtype of PTSD. It is concluded that even in a population with severe mental illness, patients with the dissociative subtype of PTSD do benefit from trauma-focused treatments without a pre-phase of emotion regulation skill training and should not be excluded from these treatments.
A mouse model for ulcerative colitis based on NOD-scid IL2R γnull mice reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from affected individuals
Authors: Palamides Pia , Jodeleit Henrika , Föhlinger Michael , Beigel Florian , Herbach Nadja , Mueller Thomas , Wolf Eckhard , Siebeck Matthias , Gropp Roswitha 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
Animal models reflective of ulcerative colitis (UC) remain a major challenge, and yet are crucial to understand mechanisms underlying the onset of disease and inflammatory characteristics of relapses and remission. Mouse models in which colitis-like symptoms are induced through challenge with toxins such as oxazolone, dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) or 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) have been instrumental in understanding the inflammatory processes of UC. However, these neither reflect the heterogeneous symptoms observed in the UC-affected population nor can they be used to test the efficacy of inhibitors developed against human targets where high sequence and structural similarity of the respective ligands is lacking. In an attempt to overcome these problems, we have developed a mouse model that relies on NOD-scid IL2R γnull mice reconstituted with peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from UC-affected individuals. Upon challenge with ethanol, mice developed colitis-like symptoms and changes in the colon architecture, characterized by influx of inflammatory cells, edema, crypt loss, crypt abscesses and epithelial hyperplasia, as previously observed in immune-competent mice. TARC, TGFβ1 and HGF expression increased in distal parts of the colon. Analysis of human leucocytes isolated from mouse spleen revealed an increase in frequencies of CD1a+, CD64+, CD163+ and TSLPR+ CD14+ monocytes, and antigen-experienced CD44+ CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells in response to ethanol. Analysis of human leucocytes from the colon of challenged mice identified CD14+ monocytes and CD11b+ monocytes as the predominant populations. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) analysis from distal parts of the colon indicated that IFNγ might be one of the cytokines driving inflammation. Treatment with infliximab ameliorated symptoms and pathological manifestations, whereas pitrakinra had no therapeutic benefit. Thus, this model is partially reflective of the human disease and might help to increase the translation of animal and clinical studies.
Development of a subset of forelimb muscles and their attachment sites requires the ulnar-mammary syndrome gene Tbx3
Authors: Colasanto Mary P. , Eyal Shai , Mohassel Payam , Bamshad Michael , Bonnemann Carsten G. , Zelzer Elazar , Moon Anne M. , Kardon Gabrielle 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT
In the vertebrate limb over 40 muscles are arranged in a precise pattern of attachment via muscle connective tissue and tendon to bone and provide an extensive range of motion. How the development of somite-derived muscle is coordinated with the development of lateral plate-derived muscle connective tissue, tendon and bone to assemble a functional limb musculoskeletal system is a long-standing question. Mutations in the T-box transcription factor, TBX3, have previously been identified as the genetic cause of ulnar-mammary syndrome (UMS), characterized by distinctive defects in posterior forelimb bones. Using conditional mutagenesis in mice, we now show that TBX3 has a broader role in limb musculoskeletal development. TBX3 is not only required for development of posterior forelimb bones (ulna and digits 4 and 5), but also for a subset of posterior muscles (lateral triceps and brachialis) and their bone eminence attachment sites. TBX3 specification of origin and insertion sites appears to be tightly linked with whether these particular muscles develop and may represent a newly discovered mechanism for specification of anatomical muscles. Re-examination of an individual with UMS reveals similar previously unrecognized muscle and bone eminence defects and indicates a conserved role for TBX3 in regulating musculoskeletal development.
Distress in partners of cardiac patients: relationship quality and social support
Authors: Saltmarsh Nadine , Murphy Barbara , Bennett Pauleen , Higgins Rosemary , Macvean Michelle , Le Grande Michael , Thompson David , Ski Chantal , Worcester Marian , Jackson Alun 
Published: August 2016

Introduction: While much research has focused on supporting patients' psychological recovery after an acute cardiac event, relatively little attention has been given to the psychological wellbeing of partners of patients. There are some indications that partners experience higher levels of anxiety and depression than cardiac patients. Previous studies have identified sociodemographic and behavioural predictors of distress in partners. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the quality of the marital relationship and the social support network impact on partner distress in the aftermath of a patient's cardiac event. Method: A mixed-method approach, including questionnaires and semistructured interviews, was used, with partners interviewed at the time of the event. Partner distress was measured at 12 months post event. Chi-square and t-tests were used to identify factors associated with partner distress, and logistic regression was used to identify unique predictors of partner distress. Results: One-hundred partners of cardiac patients consecutively admitted to the Royal Melbourne Hospital and the Melbourne Private Hospital over a 12-month period were recruited, with 73 participants retained at 12 months. Poor marital quality at the time of the cardiac event was the only unique predictor of partner distress. Thematic analysis of the qualitative data highlighted the ways marital quality impacts partners. Conclusion: Quantitative and qualitative findings illustrate the multi-dimensional impact of marital dysfunction on psychological distress in partners. Psycho-education and support for partners of cardiac patients appears warranted.
Exploring the Self-Disclosure Process in Peer Mentoring Relationships for Transition-Age Youth With Developmental Disabilities
Authors: Ryan Cathryn T. , Kramer Jessica M. , Cohn Ellen S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the self-disclosure process in regard to connection development and relationship quality in peer mentoring relationships between transition-age youth (ages 15–20) and young adults (ages 18–36) with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities. Self-disclosure is defined as “the disclosure of inner feelings and experiences to another person” that “fosters liking, caring, and trust, thereby facilitating the deepening of close relationships” (Reis & Shaver, 1988, p. 372). Nine peer mentoring dyads with varied interpersonal connections were purposefully selected from a larger intervention study. Recorded mentoring conversations were analyzed for self-disclosure content and peer mentor response. The findings demonstrated trends related to connection development and differences across degree of connection. In relationships with stronger connections, there was a higher quantity of self-disclosure and more frequent disclosure of emotions, and peer mentors responded more frequently with advice and reciprocated self-disclosure. Implications of findings for promoting higher-quality peer mentoring relationships are discussed.
Parent Involvement in Meaningful Post-School Experiences for Young Adults With IDD and Pervasive Support Needs
Authors: Rossetti Zachary , Lehr Donna , Pelerin Dana , Huang Shuoxi , Lederer Leslie 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Despite initiatives supporting young adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) to engage in post-secondary education and integrated employment, those with more intensive support needs are not as easily involved in these post-school experiences. In an effort to learn from positive examples, we examined parent involvement in meaningful post-school experiences by eight young adults with IDD and pervasive support needs. Secondary analysis of data from a prior interview study yielded this smaller sample of eight young adults with meaningful post-school experiences. Their parents were actively involved as fierce advocates and creative problem solvers. The active involvement of parents included: a) attitudinal facilitators, b) advocacy efforts and perceptions, and c) strategic actions. Implications for future research and practice are described.
Serum versus Imaging Biomarkers in Friedreich Ataxia to Indicate Left Ventricular Remodeling and Outcomes
Authors: Mehta Nishaki , Chacko Paul , Jin James , Tran Tam , Prior Thomas W. , He Xin , Agarwal Gunjan , Raman Subha V. 
Published: August 2016

Patients with Friedreich ataxia typically die of cardiomyopathy, marked by myocardial fibrosis and abnormal left ventricular (LV) geometry. We measured procollagen I carboxyterminal propeptide (PICP), a serum biomarker of collagen production, and characterized genotypes, phenotypes, and outcomes in these patients.
Twenty-nine patients with Friedreich ataxia (mean age, 34.2 ± 2.2 yr) and 29 healthy subjects (mean age, 32.5 ± 1.1 yr) underwent serum PICP measurements. Patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and outcome evaluations at baseline and 12 months.
Baseline PICP values were significantly higher in the patients than in the control group (1,048 ± 77 vs 614 ± 23 ng/mL; P <0.001); severity of genetic abnormality did not indicate severity of PICP elevation. Higher PICP levels corresponded to greater LV concentric remodeling only at baseline (r=0.37, P <0.05). Higher baseline PICP strongly indicated subsequent increases in LV end-diastolic volume (r=0.52, P=0.02). The PICP levels did not distinguish between 14 patients with evident myocardial fibrosis identified through positive late gadolinium enhancement and 15 who had no enhancement (1,067 ± 125 vs 1,030 ± 98 ng/mL; P=0.82). At 12 months, cardiac events had occurred in 3 of 14 fibrosis-positive and none of 15 fibrosis-negative patients (P=0.1); their baseline PICP levels were similar.
We conclude that PICP, a serum marker of collagen synthesis, is elevated in Friedreich ataxia and indicates baseline abnormal LV geometry and subsequent dilation. Cardiac magnetic resonance and PICP warrant consideration as complementary biomarkers in therapeutic trials of Friedreich ataxia cardiomyopathy.
Transcatheter Closure of Iatrogenic VSDs after Aortic Valve Replacement Surgery: 2 Case Reports and a Literature Review
Authors: Taleyratne John D.S. , Henderson Robert A. 
Published: August 2016

We report 2 new cases of transcatheter closure of iatrogenic ventricular septal defects after aortic valve replacement surgery, together with our finding, in a literature review, of 9 additional patients who had undergone this procedure from 2004 through 2013. In all 11 cases, transcatheter device closure was indicated for a substantial intracardiac shunt with symptomatic heart failure, and such a device was successfully deployed across the iatrogenic ventricular septal defect, with clinical improvement.
Our review suggests that transcatheter closure of iatrogenic ventricular septal defects in patients with previous aortic valve replacement surgery is a safe and effective treatment option, providing anatomic defect closure and relief of symptoms in the short-to-medium term.