bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pain in venous leg ulcers
Authors: Hofman D. , Ryan T.J. , Arnold F. , Cherry G. W. , Lindholm C. , Bjellerup M. , Glynn C. 
Published: December 2016

A prospective study was conducted to assess the prevalence, severity and diagnostic utility of pain in patients with venous leg ulcers. A semi-structured questionnaire was completed by 140 consecutive patients in two specialist centres caring for patients with leg ulcers. A high proportion (64%) of the 94 patients with ulcers of purely venous aetiology reported severe pain; 50% of these patients were taking either mild analgesia or none at all. In 10 of 72 cases, leg elevation made the pain worse.Venous ulcers are painful. Pain in three distinct locations was reported by patients - within ulcers, around ulcers and elsewhere in the leg. The presence of severe pain does not necessarily indicate arterial disease or infection. Pain is, in general, inadequately controlled in these patients.
Leg ulcer management in a nurse-led, hospital-based clinic
Authors: Vowden K.R. , Barker A. , Vowden P. 
Published: December 2016

This paper describes the clinical outcomes from a nurse-led leg ulcer clinic over a period of three and a half years. Leg ulcers were assessed in a structured way and venous ulcers were treated with four-layer compression bandaging. The study involved retrospective analysis of 159 patients with 180 venous leg ulcers. Overall healing rates were 64.5% at 12 weeks, 84.1% at 24 weeks and 91.4% at 36 weeks. Healing rates were not affected by a history of previous ulceration or by bilateral limb ulceration. However, healing rates varied with previous ulcer duration, ulcer size and patient mobility.
Managing pressure relief in a special needs nursing scheme
Authors: Knowles C. 
Published: December 2016

People admitted to the Royal Devon and Exeter Hospital, who require continued longterm nursing care and fulfil at least one of seven identified criteria, can be referred to a special needs scheme for placement in a private local nursing home supported by education, free loan of electronic pressure-relieving equipment and visits to monitor progress. A clinical nurse specialist in tissue viability is also available for advice and the supply of equipment to any residents with tissue viability problems who are referred by nursing home staff. From a total of 293 referrals during the first four years of this scheme, 155 patients have been supported in nursing homes through the scheme. At the time of placement, 71 patients (46%) had pressure sores, all of whom received the free loan of an electronic mattress. A further 21 patients, whose skin integrity was at high risk, also received mattresses. The sores ranged from Grade 2 to Grade 4 (Stirling grading scale). During the study period, only four patients placed under the scheme suffered deterioration in their sores (all immediately prior to death). Over the three years before the scheme began, 14 patients per year were admitted from private nursing homes to an acute hospital with a primary diagnosis of pressure sore. Since the introduction of the scheme this figure has been reduced to nil.
A tool for assessing perineal trauma
Authors: Steen M. , Cooper K. 
Published: December 2016

The initial aim of this study was to develop a reliable visual tool to assist in the assessment of the severity of oedema and bruising in perineal trauma, using a categorical scale of ‘none’, ‘mild’, ‘moderate’ and ‘severe’. A standardised set of photographs was selected by 10 clinically experienced midwives to represent these categories. The tool was tested in a clinical trial involving 77 women, recording and monitoring changes in the level of oedema and bruising during the first 48 hours following suturing of an episiotomy. The results demonstrated a statistically significant change for both oedema and bruising. However, the less experienced assessors reported some uncertainties in assessing a small proportion of women. A combined method, using this tool with a categorical scoring scale, was used to minimise difficulties in the assessment. Two pairs of midwives, one pair very experienced in assessing perineal trauma and the other less experienced, evaluated the combined method. The results showed a high level of agreement. The standard set of photographs and categorical scoring scale together resulted in a reliable and sensitive assessment tool to evaluate severity of perineal trauma.
Early phase wound healing by primary intention as shown by ultrasonography
Authors: Kenney I.J. 
Published: December 2016

We present a series of high-resolution ultrasound images obtained during healing in children of appendicectomy wounds by primary intention. These show that the incision can easily be identified for several months after surgery although skin swelling subsides rapidly. Fluid collections and gas are not usually seen in uncomplicated appendicectomy wounds, whereas some degree of oedema and exudation can be expected in the first few days post-operatively and suture material can be identified for six to eight weeks. Some knowledge of the normal appearance of these wounds is clearly of help when investigating wounds in which complications are suspected. The normal features of ultrasound images of healing abdominal wall incisions in uncomplicated appendicectomy are demonstrated. This knowledge should assist in interpretation of abnormal findings when healing does not progress as expected.
Major costs associated with pressure sores
Authors: Javitz H.S. , Ward M.M. , Martens L. 
Published: December 2016

Cost drivers in the treatment of full-thickness pressure sores were identified from the literature, Medicare data tapes and interviews with health-care providers. The following were identified as cost drivers in pressure sore treatment: nursing time related to wound care; nursing time devoted to patient position changes; dressing products; patient support devices; antibiotics; room charges for nursing home care; doctor visits for nursing home and home care patients; surgical debridement for nursing home and home care patients; hospital admissions for medical treatment for pressure sores; admissions for surgical treatment for pressure sores; and additional costs for hospital stays when patients who are admitted for other diagnoses develop sores. These cost drivers may be useful to health-care providers in developing cost-effective strategies for treating and preventing pressure sores.
A povidone-iodine medicated dressing
Authors: Lawrence J.C 
Published: December 2016

The iodine content of a tulle gras-type dressing medicated with povidone-iodine (Poviderm) has been measured and its potential efficacy in wound care explored by means of laboratory models. Simple tests demonstrated the ready diffusibility and antibacterial activity of povidone-iodine. Wound models clearly showed that the limiting factor for useful dressing life is extent of exudation. It seems likely that this dressing would provide good topical antibacterial prophylaxis and may reduce the bacterial burden of colonised wounds. The dressing should help contain wound bacteria and thus assist infection control.
Letters
Authors: Grocott Patricia , Thomas Steve , Humbles Sandra , Thomas Steve , Ruckley C.V. , Gibson B. , Young C. , Finnie A. , Grocott Patricia 
Published: December 2016

ODOUR-ABSORBING DRESSINGS: 1 ODOUR-ABSORBING DRESSINGS: 2 SUB-BANDAGE PRESSURE MEASUREMENT CONTROLLING BLEEDING IN FRAGILE FUNGATING TUMOURS PREVENTING HYPERTROPHIC SCARRING AND KELOIDS
Aetiologies and outcomes of wounds in an outpatient programme
Authors: Granowitz E.V. , Szostek R. , Bums P. , Carmel J. , Emhoff T.A. , Brown R.B. 
Published: December 2016

This study reviewed the records of all new patients seen in an outpatient wound-care programme during a six-month period. Most of the 115 patients were referred by physicians in internal medicine or family practice (48%) or surgeons (39%); 101 had a wound (88%). Of the 92 who had their wound measured at the time of their first clinic visit, 72 (78%) had their largest wound located on a lower extremity and 40% of all lower extremity wounds were on the feet. Wounds were most frequently due to pressure (36%), venous insufficiency (16%), diabetic neuropathy (16%), or arterial insufficiency (1 3%). Within 12 months of their initial presentation, wound closure was documented in 35 of the 92 patients (38%). Of the four most common aetiologies, the healing rate was highest in wounds attributable to venous insufficiency (67%) (p < 0.02).
An Empirical Tool to Measure the Effectiveness of Kaizen Events: A Case Study in the Wood Products Industries
Authors: Erdogan Sevtap , Quesada-Pineda Henry , Bond Brian 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Kaizen events are used in business organizations to lower manufacturing costs and increase product value. However, little research has focused on measuring the effectiveness of Kaizen events as a continuous improvement tool. The goal of this article is to introduce an empirical tool to measure the effectiveness of Kaizen events on the basis of employees' perceptions of their knowledge of, barriers to, motivators for, drivers for, and effectiveness of Kaizen. The design of the tool included a questionnaire for the upper management and a questionnaire for production and nonproduction employees, and it was implemented in a wood products company located in the United States where Kaizen events had been conducted for several years. The interview with the Kaizen manager revealed critical aspects related to strategic issues, structure and support, and implementation of Kaizen events. The analysis of the questionnaire implemented with production and nonproduction employees indicated that perceptions regarding motivators and barriers did not differ among the type of employee. In addition, statistical analysis revealed that only the driver “teamwork efforts” was a predictor of Kaizen effectiveness. The design of a Kaizen effectiveness tool and its implementation in a case study firm is an important contribution in the area of continuous improvement to help practitioners and researchers measure the effectiveness and impacts of Kaizen events.
Identification and Characterization of Cardiac Troponin T Fragments in Serum of Patients Suffering from Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Streng Alexander S , de Boer Douwe , van Doorn William P T M , Bouwman Freek G , Mariman Edwin C M , Bekers Otto , van Dieijen-Visser Marja P , Wodzig Will K W H 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDCardiac troponin T (cTnT) is the preferred biomarker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It has been suggested that cTnT is present predominantly in fragmented forms in human serum following AMI. In this study, we have used a targeted mass spectrometry assay and epitope mapping using Western blotting to confirm this hypothesis.METHODScTnT was captured from the serum of 12 patients diagnosed with AMI using an immunoprecipitation technique employing the M11.7 catcher antibody and fractionated with SDS-PAGE. Coomassie-stained bands of 4 patients at 37, 29, and 16 kDa were excised from the gel, digested with trypsin, and analyzed on a Q Exactive instrument set on targeted Selected Ion Monitoring mode with data-dependent tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for identification. Western blotting employing 3 different antibodies was used for epitope mapping.RESULTSTen cTnT peptides of interest were targeted. By using MS/MS, all of these peptides were identified in the 37-kDa, intact, cTnT band. In the 29- and 16-kDa fragment bands, 8 and 4 cTnT-specific peptides were identified, respectively. Some of these peptides were “semitryptic,” meaning that their C-termini were not formed by trypsin cleavage. The C-termini of these semitryptic peptides represent the C-terminal end of the cTnT molecules present in these bands. These results were confirmed independently by epitope mapping.CONCLUSIONSUsing LC-MS, we have succeeded in positively identifying the 29- and 16-kDa fragment bands as cTnT-derived products. The amino acid sequences of the 29- and 16-kDa fragments are Ser79-Trp297 and Ser79-Gln199, respectively.
Joking a part: The social performance of folly
Authors: Prentki Tim 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article explores the relationship between folly, theatre and social change by proposing that folly is a core ingredient of social health. Ever since humans first formed social groups, their values and purposes have been questioned by those who play the fool. Over the last thousand years, the space for folly has often been the theatre, where relationships are rehearsed and replayed, sacred values tested and, if necessary, ridiculed, and social contradictions highlighted. Today the global dominance of neoliberalism, with its focus on relationships as business transactions and people as commodities, has resulted in the loss of playfulness from civic and civil society, a loss mirrored in the design and delivery of educational experiences that are focused on preparing young people for (un)employment, rather than acting as a playful space where the potentialities of being human are uncovered. There are, however, beacons of foolish performance flickering in the neoliberal darkness.
Acting 4 health: A complementary curricular approach for drama and healthcare studies
Authors: Loth Jo , Penton Jennifer , Andersen Patrea 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This article discusses the benefits and challenges of training and engaging drama students as simulated patients (SPs) in health education, as evidenced through the Acting 4 Health project at the University of the Sunshine Coast (USC). The project found that engaging drama students as SPs was effective in developing the skill level of drama students and offered unexpected opportunities for actor training. At the same time, the use of drama students as SPs was found to support the educational needs of nursing and midwifery students, thus creating a complementary curriculum for education in drama and health. Challenges of the project related to resources for the training of drama students and nursing tutors, and the emotional and physical challenges for drama students. The article concludes with proposed solutions to the challenges of the project and suggestions for further research.
Around the table: Food and eating practices in children’s residential centres in Ireland
Authors: Byrne Deirdre 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The overall aim of this article is to explore food and eating practices around the table in children’s residential centres in Ireland. How food is used in residential care – what is eaten, how, when and where it is eaten – increases the sociological understanding of institutional eating practices in the centres. The table is the focus for this article where young people living in residential care and the workers employed there eat together. Commensality is stipulated in the state regulations for residential care centres – the resident group should eat together; it is recognized that hierarchical roles are played out when adults and children eat together; a table is also recognized as an ideal site for the discipline of children into the foodways of their culture and finally food and eating practices at a table can be seen as an expression of governmentality that contributes to the normalization of ‘proper meals’ in a ‘homely home’.
Understanding leadership in community music-making projects behind bars: Three experiences in Portuguese prisons
Authors: Lamela Inês , Rodrigues Paulo Maria 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Based on participant observation of three projects differing in duration, target audience, theme, objectives and resources, this article seeks to contribute to a reflection about the role of a leader of community music projects in a prison context. We will briefly describe three different musical projects that took place during 2013 in two Portuguese prisons: two projects associated with the Casa da Música (CdM) in Porto – (1) A Casa vai a Casa at the Estabelecimento Prisional do Porto (six sessions between January and March 2013) and (2) Consagração da Primavera at the Estabelecimento Prisional Especial de Santa Cruz do Bispo (twelve sessions between January and May 2013) – and (3) the project of Magna Tuna Cartola at the Estabelecimento Prisional Regional de Aveiro (three sessions in February 2013). From these experiences and based on a comparative analysis of data collected in the different projects, we seek to identify the working strategies used by each of the musical leaders and present a reflection on how they were used in different dimensions of each project. The discussion takes place around two main aspects: (1) the strategies used to guide the musical work itself; and (2) the strategies used to promote the relationship and interaction with and between inmates. With the first aspect we include as important ideas: the search for musical refinement, aural and memory work and the use of signs and gestures. With the second aspect, we identify the following issues: group work, creation of bonds, affection and trust and open leadership.
Building a new representation of the dynamics of organizational systems to make more suitable strategic decisions on innovation and technology management
Authors: Morua Juan , Marin Aramis 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Taking into consideration the fact that innovation is a social dynamic process and that high-technology markets change quickly, we question the statistical models of organizations and the repercussions they have on strategic decisions. The aim of this article is to contribute towards a new complex representation of dynamic phenomena within organizations in order to make more suitable strategic decisions on innovation and technology management. To this end, we will develop our ideas in three sections. First of all, we will show how the dynamics of any organizational system, submitted to restrictions, uncertainty and variability, evolve and degrade. Second, we will expand on the elements that will constitute a new representation of firms by using dynamic principles, in order to better drive the enterprise forward in their changing, unstable and uncertain environment, as innovative and high-technology markets. Finally, we will propose the use of entropy to question and anticipate some of the dynamic effects on the system, which will allow us to develop a more suitable innovation strategy, using a complex thought as well as mixing statistical and heuristic tools to support decision-making processes.
Los puertos de montaña de Atlatlahuca: un espacio estratégico en el siglo XVI
Authors: Garza Merodio Gustavo , Fernández Christlieb Federico Guillermo 
Published: December 2016

<p>Desde el punto de vista cultural, la cuenca alta del río Lerma ha estado históricamente vinculada con la cuenca del río Amacuzac, afluente del Balsas. En tiempo prehispánico, la llamada Provincia Matlatzinca –compuesta de varias unidades autónomas– se extendió hacia ambos lados de la divisoria de aguas. En este artículo nos centraremos en el papel de Tenango y de Atlatlahuca, actual Estado de México, como espacios privilegiados que articulan a ambas cuencas a través de un área de suave relieve. Analizaremos los cambios en el paisaje producto de los procesos político-territoriales y de urbanización que se verificaron desde el posclásico mesoamericano y enumeraremos las consecuencias que tuvieron lugar en la época colonial. El carácter estratégico de este espacio no ha sido suficientemente valorado hasta ahora por otros geógrafos. Consiste en abrir una extensa área de control político-militar que permite el acceso a ambientes diferentes desde los cuales se pudieron obtener variados recursos naturales. Para explicarlo echaremos mano del enfoque propio de la geografía cultural.</p>
Vanilla spice and investigation on areas of usage<p>Vanilya baharatı ve kullanım alanları üzerine bir araştırma
Authors: Deveci Bilal , Türkmen Serkan , Avcıkurt Cevdet 
Published: December 2016

Many countries are of rare plants growing thanks to geographial conditions. Spices which are rare and precious not only primarily provide different flavour and aroma to food and beverages but also commercially contribute to the economy of the country. The transformation of these plants into the spice is made throught traditional or contemporary methods. As a term association, spice generally evokes bitter, salty and refreshing feelings on people. On the other hand, vanilla is also a spice that can be used in ice-cream, chocolate, dessert, pastry, and confectionery. Also, vanilla is utilized in sector such as medicine, cosmetic and parfume. The purpose of this study is to discuss the general characteristics of vanilla, the orchid plant family it belongs to, its tranformation process to be a spice, the contribution of vanilla type that can be produced in to the industry, the types of vanilla, its areas of usage, how vanilla is produced and differences between vanilla and vanilin. ÖzetBirçok ülke, coğrafi şartların uygunluğu sayesinde nadir olarak yetişen bitkilere sahiptir. Az bulunan ve kıymetli olan baharatlar; öncelikle yiyeceklere ve içeceklere farklı tat ve koku sağlamakta, diğer bir yandan da ticari olarak ülke ekonomilerine katkı sağlamaktadır. Bu bitkilerin baharat haline dönüştürme süreçleri geleneksel veya modern şekilde yapılmaktadır. İnsanlar tarafından genel olarak baharat, kelime çağrışımı itibariyle; acı, tuzlu, ferahlatıcı vb. his uyandırmaktadır. Fakat vanilya dondurma, çikolata, tatlı, pasta ve şekerlemelerde kullanılan bir baharat olma özelliği taşımaktadır. Ayrıca vanilya ilaç, kozmetik, parfüm gibi endüstrilerde de kullanılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada vanilya bitkisinin genel özelliklerine, ait olduğu orkide ailesine, kullanılabilir bir baharat olması için geçirdiği sürece, üretilebilen türün endüstriye olan katkısına, vanilyanın çeşitlerine, kullanım alanlarına ve vanilinin nasıl üretildiğine, vanilya ve vanilin arasındaki farklılığa yer verilecektir.