bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KARAKTERISASI SENSOR PHOTODIODA, DS18B20, DAN KONDUKTIVITAS PADA RANCANG BANGUN SISTEM DETEKSI KEKERUHAN DAN JUMLAH ZAT PADAT TERLARUT DALAM AIR
Authors: Kurnia Sari Zulfiah Ayu , Permana Handjoko , Indrasari Widyaningrum 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Drinking water worth consumption are those that should be odorless, tasteless, clean, the temperatures preferably below air temperature, and low amounts of dissolved solids. On this turbidity and total dissolved solid water system is required some sensor devices. The accuracy of the sensor is an important thing to support the effectiveness of the system. In this research, the calibration of ds18b20 sensor as temperature detector, photodiode sensor as turbidity detector, and conductivity sensor as a detector of dissolved solid (TDS) in water and using Arduino as a microcontroller. The characterization is done by comparing the sensor output with laboratory test equipment. The result of characterization means that each measurement sensor has a variation error that is photodiode sensor with relative error 3.13%, sensor ds18b20 1.77%, and conductivity sensor 2.42%.
Keywords: temperature, turbidity, TDS, Arduino.
PEMANFAATAN DATA SATELIT HIMAWARI 8 UNTUK MENDETEKSI SEBARAN ASAP: STUDI KASUS DI KALIMANTAN DAN SUMATERA TANGGAL 8 DAN 9 SEPTEMBER 2015
Authors: Wulandari Ayu Vista , Dewi Ni Kadek Trisna , Swastiko Wishnu Agum 
Published: October 2017

The forest fires that occurred in the entire month of September 2015 was quite considerably disturbing many public activities in Borneo and Sumatera. The smoke which is caused by forest fire has negative impact for the surrounding environments, one of them is reducing horizontal visibility. Meteorological stations in Borneo and Sumatra recorded the lowest visibility occurred on September, 8th and 9th 2015 at average range was 100 m. Based on information of BMKG (Indonesian Agency of Meteorological, Climatological and Geophysics) noted that during the month of September 2015 there was a distribution of hotspots which indicates the occurrence of forest fire cases. This research is aimed to determine the potential of distribution of smoke by satellite imagery of Himawari 8 to reduce its negative impacts. By using this method that is by comparing the hotspot distribution data from BMKG with false color RGB image product (1 visible channel and 2 near infrared channel) along with trajectory of smoke’s distribution by utilizing application of GMSLPD SATAID. The distribution of smoke can be seen as an image with the brownish pattern which partially covered the area of Borneo and Sumatera. The result showed that the smoke’s distribution by the result of RGB imagery well-matched enough with the hotspot’s distribution data from BMKG, which the smoke almost covered most area of the western of Sumatera and center of Borneo. In this case also supported by the trajectory of smoke’s distribution which is derived from southeast-south and spread to the northwest-north in the researches area. By using the observation data from chosen meteorological stations showed a similar result with the above method. Thus, it can be assumed that by using satellite imagery of Himawari 8 is quite capable to discover smoke’s distribution caused by forest fires case.
Keywords: Smoke, Satellite, Himawari 8, SATAID.
New and Recurrent Concussions in High-School Athletes Before and After Traumatic Brain Injury Laws, 2005–2016
Authors: Yang Jingzhen , Comstock R. Dawn , Yi Honggang , Harvey Hosea H. , Xun Pengcheng 
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To examine the trends of new and recurrent sports-related concussions in high-school athletes before and after youth sports traumatic brain injury laws. Methods. We used an interrupted time-series design and analyzed the concussion data (2005–2016) from High School Reporting Injury Online. We examined the trends of new or recurrent concussion rates among US representative high-school athletes participating in 9 sports across prelaw, immediate-postlaw, and postlaw periods by using general linear models. We defined 1 athlete exposure as attending 1 competition or practice. Results. We included a total of 8043 reported concussions (88.7% new, 11.3% recurrent). The average annual concussion rate was 39.8 per 100 000 athlete exposures. We observed significantly increased trends of reported new and recurrent concussions from the prelaw, through immediate-postlaw, into the postlaw period. However, the recurrent concussion rate showed a significant decline 2.6 years after the laws went into effect. Football exhibited different trends compared with other boys’ sports and girls’ sports. Conclusions. Observed trends of increased concussion rates are likely attributable to increased identification and reporting. Additional research is needed to evaluate intended long-term impact of traumatic brain injury laws.
Loaded Handgun Carrying Among US Adults, 2015
Authors: Rowhani-Rahbar Ali , Azrael Deborah , Lyons Vivian H. , Simonetti Joseph A. , Miller Matthew 
Published: October 2017

Objectives. To determine the frequency of loaded handgun carrying among US adult handgun owners, characterize those who carry, and examine concealed carrying by state concealed carry laws. Methods. Using a nationally representative survey of US adults in 2015, we asked handgun owners (n = 1444) about their past-30-day carrying behavior. Results. Among surveyed handgun owners, 24% (95% confidence interval[CI] = 21%, 26%) carried loaded handguns monthly, of whom 35% (95% CI = 29%, 41%) did so daily; 82% (95% CI = 77%, 86%) carried primarily for protection. The proportion of handgun owners who carried concealed loaded handguns in the past 30 days was 21% (95% CI = 12%, 35%) in unrestricted states, 25% (95% CI = 21%, 29%) in shall issue—no discretion states, 20% (95% CI = 16%, 24%) in shall issue—limited discretion states, and 9% (95% CI = 6%, 15%) in may-issue states. Conclusions. We estimate that 9 million US adult handgun owners carry loaded handguns monthly, 3 million do so every day, and most report protection as the main carrying reason. Proportionally fewer handgun owners carry concealed loaded handguns in states that allow issuing authorities substantial discretion in granting carrying permits.
Highly Cross-Linked Polyethylene Reduces Wear and Revision Rates in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Devane Peter A. , Horne James Geoffrey , Ashmore Alexander , Mutimer Jonathon , Kim Woosung , Stanley James 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Highly cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) was developed to address the problem of wear and osteolysis associated with metal-on-conventional ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) bearing surfaces. The purpose of this study was to compare in vivo wear rates and clinical and radiographic outcomes between XLPE and UHMWPE in a prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial with a minimum of 10 years of follow-up.

Methods:
We randomized 122 patients to receive either a conventional UHMWPE liner (Enduron; DePuy) or an XLPE liner (Marathon; DePuy). Ninety-one patients were assessed clinically and radiographically at a minimum of 10 years (range, 10.08 to 12.17 years). Oxford Hip Scores and Short Form-12 Health Survey scores were collected. The radiographs were analyzed for osteolysis and for 2-dimensional (2-D), 3-dimensional (3-D), and volumetric wear using validated software.

Results:
All 122 patients were accounted for at the 10-year follow-up evaluation. Twelve patients had undergone revision surgery, 21 patients had died (1 of whom had previously undergone revision surgery), and 2 patients were unable to return for follow-up, leaving 91 patients available for clinical and radiographic evaluation. At a minimum of 10 years, 3-D wear rates were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in the XLPE group (mean, 0.03 mm/yr) than in the conventional UHMWPE group (mean, 0.27 mm/yr). The prevalence of osteolysis was also significantly lower in the XLPE group (38% versus 8%, p < 0.005), as was the revision rate (14.6% versus 1.9%, p = 0.012), with 10 of the 12 revisions being in the Enduron group. There was no significant difference between the clinical scores of the 2 groups.

Conclusions:
XLPE liners have significantly reduced wear and are associated with a greater implant survival rate at 10 years compared with conventional UHMWPE liners.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Double-Row Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair Is More Cost-Effective Than Single-Row Repair
Authors: Huang Adrian L. , Thavorn Kednapa , van Katwyk Sasha , MacDonald Peter , Lapner Peter 
Published: October 2017

Background:
The optimal technique for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is controversial, and both single and double-row techniques are commonly used. In the current era of increasing costs, health-care delivery models are focusing on the value of care. In this study, we compared the cost-effectiveness of single-row and double-row reconstructions in patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Methods:
A cost-utility analysis was performed from the perspective of a publicly funded health-care system. Health-care costs, probabilities, and utility values were derived from the published literature. Efficacy data were obtained from a previous randomized controlled trial comparing the effect of single-row (n = 48) or double-row (n = 42) reconstruction among 90 surgical patients. Unit cost data were obtained from a hospital database and the Ontario Schedule of Benefits and Fees. Results are presented as an incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. All costs are presented in 2015 Canadian dollars. A series of 1-way and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed.

Results:
Double-row fixation was more costly ($2,134.41 compared with $1,654.76) but was more effective than the single-row method (4.073 compared with 4.055 QALYs). An incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was estimated to be $26,666.75 per QALY gained for double-row relative to single-row fixation. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients with larger rotator cuff tears (≥3 cm) had a lower ICER, suggesting that double-row fixation may be more cost-effective for larger tears.

Conclusions:
Based on the willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000 per QALY gained, double-row fixation was found to be more cost-effective than single-row. Furthermore, a double-row reconstruction was found to be more economically attractive for larger rotator cuff tears (≥3 cm).

Level of Evidence:
Economic and Decision Analysis Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Volume-Outcome Relationship in Surgical Interventions for Spinal Metastases
Authors: Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Ferrone Marco L. , Sturgeon Daniel J. , Harris Mitchel B. 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Surgery for spinal metastases is challenging and carries a high risk of perioperative morbidity and mortality. Procedures with such characteristics often exhibit a volume-outcome relationship. This has not been previously characterized for spinal metastasis surgery to our knowledge.

Methods:
The Florida State Inpatient Database (2011 through 2014) was queried to identify patients who had undergone surgery for spinal metastases. Surgeon and hospital surgical volumes were compared with 90-day complication and readmission rates to develop procedural cut-points used to define high and low-volume providers. These were included in a multivariable logistic regression analysis that was adjusted for confounders. A separate analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of race/ethnicity and insurance status on the likelihood of receiving care from a high-volume surgeon or hospital.

Results:
This study included 3,135 patients treated by 1,488 surgeons at 162 hospitals. Patients treated at low-volume hospitals had significantly higher odds of having postoperative complications (odds ratio [OR] = 1.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.13, 1.91) and readmissions (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.06, 1.75). Those treated by low-volume surgeons also demonstrated a higher likelihood of complications (OR = 1.40; 95% CI = 1.16, 1.69) and readmissions (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.17, 1.62). The likelihood of receiving intervention from a high-volume surgeon was significantly lower for African Americans (OR = 0.55; 95% CI = 0.41, 0.75) and Hispanics (OR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.44, 0.83). The odds of being treated at a high-volume hospital were also significantly lower for African Americans (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.40, 0.84) and Hispanics (OR = 0.28; 95% CI = 0.20, 0.38).

Conclusions:
There is a clear relationship between the volume and outcomes of surgical treatment of spinal metastases, with high-volume providers demonstrating reduced complication and readmission rates. Racial and ethnic minorities appear to experience health-care segregation when it comes to surgical care for spinal metastases. Regionalization of care for these conditions may help improve access to high-volume providers and mitigate disparities in care.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Analisis Drag dan Lift pada Variasi Bentuk After Body Kapal Selam Mini dengan Metode Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Virliani Putri , Suastika I Ketut , Aryawan Wasis Dwi 
Published: October 2017

One aspect that needs to be studied in submarine design is the hydrodynamic aspect relating to submarine maneuverability. This research begins by calculating the value of drag and lift on the three variations of the after body’s mini submarine. The first variation as the initial design is rudder and stern plane arranged perpendicularly or named the+ Stern. Then for the second variation made changes to the arrangement of rudder and stern plane in the after body of the mini submarine with + Stern arrangement, the rudder arranged each other crossed so that it resembles the letter X and called the X-Stern arrangement. Further, for the third variation, the upper rudder of the X-Stern arrangement is replaced by the upper rudder of the + Sternarrangement so that it resembles the inverted Y letter and is called the Y-Stern arrangement. Drag and lift are calculated numerically by using ANSYS-CFX software. From the calculation of CFD found that the submarine with after-body Y-Stern arrangement has the smallest drag and lift value.
Enhanced-Oil-Recovery Potential for Lean-Gas Reinjection in Zipper Fractures in Liquid-Rich Basins
Authors: Akinluyi Oluwanifemi , Hazlett Randy 
Published: October 2017

Summary
Production from liquid-rich shale has become an important contributor to US production, but recovery factors are low. Enhanced-oil-recovery (EOR) methods require injectivity and interwell communication on reasonable time scales. Herein, we investigate the development of fracture interference for the application of recycled-lean-gas injection to displace reservoir fluids between zipper fractures in liquid-rich shales. In condensate systems, the liquids produced from miscible displacement could be extracted at the surface and the gas reinjected. In unconventional oil systems, immiscible displacement would occur with arrest in the oil-rate decline upon the onset of pressure support until immiscible front breakthrough, although this may never occur in a reasonable time. In either case, the time for interference is critical in assessment of process feasibility.
Using superposition plus existing analytical solutions to the diffusivity equation for arbitrarily oriented line sources/sinks for pressure and new extensions for the pressure logarithmic temporal derivative, we analyze the time for interfracture-communication development (i.e., interference) and productivity index (PI) for both classical biwing fractures in a zipper configuration and complex-fracture networks. As a novel contribution, we demonstrate the ability to map both pressure and pressure temporal derivative as a function of time and space for production and/or injection from parallel motherbores under the infinite-conductivity wellbore and fracture assumption. The infinite-conductivity assumption could be relaxed later for more-general cases.
We present the results in terms of geometrical-spacing requirement for both horizontal wells and stimulation treatments to achieve reasonable time frames for interfracture communication and sweep for parameters typical of various shale plays. Results can be used to determine whether spacing currently considered for primary production is sufficient for direct implementation of EOR or if current practice should be modified with EOR in the field-development plan.
Feasibility of Recycling Excess Agricultural Nitrate with Electrodialysis
Authors: Baker John M. , Griffis Timothy J. 
Published: October 2017

One of the most serious environmental problems associated with agriculture is excessive nitrate N in waters leaving fields. It is a health hazard in drinking water and a primary cause of hypoxia in ocean waters receiving drainage from agricultural regions. Recent mitigation efforts have focused on techniques that promote denitrification—conversion of excess agricultural nitrate to N2. This seems inherently wasteful since industrial production of nitrate fertilizer from N2 requires a substantial input of energy and is a major source of greenhouse gas emissions. Thus, it is desirable to develop methods to recycle nitrate, keeping it in a form suitable for reuse as fertilizer. One possibility is electrodialysis, in which direct current is passed through alternating cation‐ and anion‐permeable membranes, creating separate streams of dilute and concentrated water. We tested the concept under controlled conditions in a greenhouse and in a field setting on a contaminated trout stream with nitrate N concentrations consistently above 20 mg L−1. The solar‐powered field system removed 42% of the nitrate from water passing through it and concentrated it in a tank for subsequent application as fertilizer. The upper limit of concentration was approximately 520 mg L−1, above which precipitation of calcite limited operation. Economic analysis indicates that in comparison to denitrification methods such as bioreactors, electrodialysis is likely to be more expensive per unit of nitrate removed. The approach will be most feasible for situations in which nitrate concentrations are well above environmental standards for extended periods, to maximize operating time and nitrate removal rate.Core Ideas
Nitrate can be extracted from contaminated water and concentrated by electrodialysis.
The concentrated nitrate can be reused as fertilizer.
The degree to which nitrate can be concentrated is limited by mineral precipitation.
The method is promising, but research is needed to reduce costs.
Effect of hysteresis on water flow in the vadose zone under natural boundary conditions, Siloam Village case study, South Africa
Authors: Arrey I. A. , Odiyo J. O. , Makungo R. , Kataka M. O. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
A one-dimensional vadose zone model was used to simulate flow under natural boundary conditions. The effects of hysteresis and temporal variability of meteorological conditions were evaluated. Simulations were performed in HYDRUS-1D code for the period April 2013–January 2014 (6601 hours) at three different locations in a delineated portion of the sub-quaternary catchment A80A of Nzhelele with different soil textures. Soil hydraulic characteristics were estimated in a Rosetta library dynamically linked to the HYDRUS-1D model which is based on the numerical solution of a one-dimensional Richard's equation. Analysis of the simulation results suggests that ignoring hysteresis for soils of similar textural class does not lead to any significant deviation of the model predicted soil moisture, unlike for soils with different textural classes.
A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Potential and Phenolic Content in White (Silver Needle), Green and Black Tea
Authors: Kaur Amandeep , Farooq Sumaya , Sehgal Amit 
Published: October 2017

Background:
White, green and black are the major tea types obtained from the same tea
plant (Camellia sinensis). The differences in processing result in different types of tea, of which green
tea (20%) and black tea (78%) are the most consumed worldwide and also white tea is gaining popularity
due to its subtle taste and recent evidences about its health benefits. Silver needle is a sub type of
white tea, made purely from buds whereas green tea is procured from leaves that are steamed or
panfried, and to produce black tea, the tea leaves are withered, fully oxidized and then dried.

Objective:
The present study was undertaken to analyze and compare the antioxidant activity and phenolic
composition of white (silver needle), green and black teas of same brand.

Method:
The radical scavenging ability of different tea types was measured using various antioxidant
assays. The total phenolic content was also estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu’s method.

Results:
The white tea (silver needle) demonstrated highest radical scavenging activity followed by
green and then black tea in various antioxidant assays performed. The total phenolic content of different
types of tea exhibited the following order: white tea (133.30mg/g) > green tea (118.37mg/g) >
black tea (101.8mg/g). A strong correlation was observed between the total phenolic content and antioxidant
activity of different tea types, the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.87-0.97.

Conclusion:
White tea (silver needle) manifested highest antioxidant activity followed by green and
least in black tea. The pronounced antioxidant ability of WT (silver needle) may be ascribed to the different
parts of the plant (unopened buds) and the least processing it undergoes, followed by obtaining
green tea and black tea from different parts of the plant (leaves), and variation in degree of processing.
Risk for Depression, Burnout and Low Quality of Life Among Personnel of a University Hospital in Italy is a Consequence of the Impact One Economic Crisis in the Welfare System?
Authors: Carta MG , Preti A , Portoghese I , Pisanu E , Moro D , Pintus M , Pintus E , Perra A , D’Oca S , Atzeni M , Campagna M , Pascolo E Fabrici , Sancassiani F , Finco G , D’Aloja E , Grassi L 
Published: October 2017

Background:Research literature suggests that burnout, depression, and a low mental quality of life (QOL) are common among health care workers. Economic crisis might have increased the burden of burnout, depression and low QOL in health care workers.Objectives:To identify depression risk, burnout levels, and quality of life in a sample of workers of an Italian university hospital.Method:Cross sectional study with comparison with two community surveys database results (n = 2000 and 1500, respectively). Overall, 522 workers accepted to take part in the study, representing a 78% response rate (out of 669 individuals).Results:The frequency of positivity at the screener for Major Depressive Disorder among health care workers was more than double than that in the standardized community sample (33.3% vs 14.1%, p<0.0001). All professionals, except the administrative staff and technicians (i.e.those who do not have contact with patients), showed a statistically higher frequency of positivity for depressive episodes compared to the controls. Among the medical staff, the highest risk was found in the surgeon units, while the lowest one was in the laboratories. Surgeons also were those most exposed to high risk of burnout, as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory.Conclusion:Since burnout is linked to patient safety and quality of patient care, and contribute to medical errors, dedicated interventions aimed at reducing poor mental health and low quality of life in medical staff are indicated.