bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NGF-trkA signaling modulates the analgesic effects of prostatic acid phosphatase in resiniferatoxin-induced neuropathy
Authors: Wu Chieh-Hsin , Ho Wan-Yi , Lee Yi-Chen , Lin Chih-Lung , Hsieh Yu-Lin 
Published: June 2016

Background Neuropathic pain in small-fiber neuropathy results from injury to and sensitization of nociceptors. Functional prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) acts as an analgesic effector. However, the mechanism responsible for the modulation of PAP neuropathology, which leads to loss of the analgesic effect after small-fiber neuropathy, remains unclear. Results We used a resiniferatoxin (RTX)-induced small-fiber neuropathy model to examine whether functional PAP(+) neurons are essential to maintain the analgesic effect. PAP(+) neurons were categorized into small to medium neurons (25th–75th percentile: 17.1–23.7 µm); these neurons were slightly reduced by RTX ( p = 0.0003). By contrast, RTX-induced activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), an injury marker, in PAP(+) neurons (29.0% ± 5.6% vs. 0.2% ± 0.2%, p = 0.0043), indicating PAP neuropathology. Moreover, the high-affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor (trkA) colocalized with PAP and showed similar profiles after RTX-induced neuropathy, and the PAP/trkA ratios correlated with the degree of mechanical allodynia ( r = 0.62, p = 0.0062). The NGF inducer 4-methylcatechol (4MC) normalized the analgesic effects of PAP; specifically, it reversed the PAP and trkA profiles and relieved mechanical allodynia. Administering 2.5S NGF showed similar results to those of administering 4MC. This finding suggests that the analgesic effect of functional PAP is mediated by NGF-trkA signaling, which was confirmed by NGF neutralization. Conclusions This study revealed that functional PAP(+) neurons are essential for the analgesic effect, which is mediated by NGF-trkA signaling.
Stroke recurrence among South Asians with diabetes in Ontario, Canada
Authors: Dhamoon Mandip S , Zhou Limei , Stamplecoski Melissa , Kapral Moira , Shah Baiju 
Published: June 2016

Background South Asians have more vascular risk factors, earlier cardiovascular disease onset, and higher stroke mortality than non-South Asians. However, ethnic differences in long-term outcomes post-stroke in diabetics are unclear. Aims We compared cardiovascular outcome risk after first ischemic stroke between South Asian and non-South Asian diabetics. Methods Using population-based health care databases in Ontario, Canada, we selected all patients with diabetes hospitalized with first ischemic stroke between 1 April 2002 and 31 March 2012, and assigned South Asian versus non-South Asian ethnicity using a validated surname algorithm. Kaplan–Meier survival analysis estimated survival functions, and competing risk models estimated hazards of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction. The primary predictor was ethnicity, and models were adjusted for demographics and vascular risk factors. Sensitivity analysis including adjustment for medication use was performed in those aged ≥65 years. Results There were 25,495 diabetics with first ischemic stroke; 840 were South Asian. South Asians were younger, more often male, had lower income, and had shorter Ontario residency compared to non-South Asians. South Asians had higher incidence and cumulative risk of recurrent stroke. In fully adjusted competing risk models, recurrent stroke rate was increased among South Asians compared to non-South Asians (HR 1.17 [95% CI 1.00–1.38]) in the whole cohort and in those aged ≥65 years, both with adjustment for medication use (HR 1.23 [1.01–1.50]) and without (1.27 [1.04–1.54]). Conclusions In this large population-based study, South Asian diabetic stroke patients had higher recurrent stroke rates compared to non-South Asians, despite a younger age profile. Further research is needed to reduce stroke burden in South Asians.
Management of Life-Threatening Arterial Hemorrhage Following a Fragility Fracture of the Pelvis in the Anticoagulated Patient
Authors: Weber Christian David , Herren Christian , Dienstknecht Thomas , Hildebrand Frank , Keil Sebastian , Pape Hans-Christoph , Kobbe Philipp 
Published: June 2016

Background: Life-threatening arterial bleeding from fragility fractures of the pelvis are very rare but associated with significant mortality, especially in anticoagulated patients. Case Description: We report the successful interdisciplinary management of a 78-year-old woman under anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy who had life-threatening arterial hemorrhage from the pubic rami following a fragility fracture of the pelvis. Our management strategy included early hemorrhage control by means of selective arterial embolization followed by surgical fracture stabilization and surgical hematoma evacuation. Literature Review: We identified 6 cases within the English literature, all involving females older than 70 years. All patients under anticoagulation developed hemorrhagic shock, and in 2 cases selective embolization contributed to survival of the patient. However, a combined management including fracture stabilization and hematoma evacuation has not been reported, allowing an excellent clinical outcome and discharge to geriatric rehabilitation. Clinical Relevance: This case illustrates that elderly patients with apparently benign pelvic fragility fractures might develop severe hemorrhage due to arterial injury, especially when under dual anticoagulation, and stresses the importance of a high index of suspicion. If bleeding is suspected, detailed imaging studies are necessary to determine the source of bleeding and immediate angiographic or surgical interventions in combination with volume resuscitation and coagulation therapy should be readily available.
A review of the structural architecture of tellurium oxycompounds
Authors: Christy A. G. , Mills S. J. , Kampf A. R. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRelative to its extremely low abundance in the Earth's crust, tellurium is the most mineralogically diverse chemical element, with over 160 mineral species known that contain essential Te, many of them with unique crystal structures. We review the crystal structures of 703 tellurium oxysalts for which good refinements exist, including 55 that are known to occur as minerals. The dataset is restricted to compounds where oxygen is the only ligand that is strongly bound to Te, but most of the Periodic Table is represented in the compounds that are reviewed. The dataset contains 375 structures that contain only Te4+cations and 302 with only Te6+, with 26 of the compounds containing Te in both valence states. Te6+was almost exclusively in rather regular octahedral coordination by oxygen ligands, with only two instances each of 4- and 5-coordination. Conversely, the lone-pair cation Te4+displayed irregular coordination, with a broad range of coordination numbers and bond distances. A threshold was applied for Te4+–O links of ∼2.45 Å or 0.3 valence units with some flexibility, as a criterion to define strongly bound Te–O polymers and larger structural units. Using this criterion, Te4+cations display one-sided 3-, 4- or 5-coordination by oxygen (with rare examples of coordination numbers 2 and 6). For both valence states of Te, examples are known of TemOncomplexes which are monomeric (m= 1; neso), noncyclic finite oligomers (soro), rings (cyclo), infinite chains (ino), layers (phyllo) and frameworks (tecto tellurates). There is a clear analogy to the polymerization classes that are known for silicate anions, but the behaviour of Te is much richer than that of Si for several reasons: (1) the existence of two cationic valence states for Te; (2) the occurrence of multiple coordination numbers; (3) the possibility of edge-sharing by TeOnpolyhedra; (4) the possibility for oxygen ligands to be 3-coordinated by Te; and (5) the occurrence of TemOnpolymers that are cationic, as well as neutral or anionic. While most compounds contain only one or two symmetrically distinct types of Te atom, Pauling's Fifth Rule is frequently violated, and stoichiometrically simple compounds such as CaTeO3can have polymorphs with up to 18 distinct Te sites. There is a tendency for local symmetry features such as the threefold axis of a TeO6octahedron or the acentric symmetry of a Te4+Onpolyhedron to be inherited by the host structure; the latter in particular can lead to useful physical properties such as nonlinear optical behaviour. We develop for the first time a hierarchical taxonomy of Te-oxysalt structures, based upon (1) valence state of Te; (2) polymerization state of TemOncomplexes; (3) polymerization state of larger strongly-bound structural units that include non-Te cations. Structures are readily located and compared within this classification.
Allele-specific DNA methylation reinforces PEAR1 enhancer activity
Authors: Izzi Benedetta , Pistoni Mariaelena , Cludts Katrien , Akkor Pinar , Lambrechts Diether , Verfaillie Catherine , Verhamme Peter , Freson Kathleen , Hoylaerts Marc F. 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
Rs12041331 is the first functional CpG-SNP related to platelet function whose regulatory mechanism depends on DNA methylation. Rs12041331 marks allele-specific methylation at the CpG island encompassing the first untranslated exon during megakaryopoiesis.
Genetic risk factors for sclerotic graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Inamoto Yoshihiro , Martin Paul J. , Flowers Mary E. D. , Lee Stephanie J. , Carpenter Paul A. , Warren Edus H. , Geraghty Daniel E. , Lee Ni , Boeckh Michael J. , Storer Barry E. , Levine David M. , Fan Wenhong , Zhao Lue-Ping , Hansen John A. 
Published: June 2016

Key Points
SNPs in BANK1, CD247, and HLA-DPA1 were associated with risk of sclerotic GVHD. HLA-DPA1∼B1 haplotypes and amino acid substitutions in the HLA-DP P1 peptide-binding pocket were associated with risk of sclerotic GVHD.
Read mapping on de Bruijn graphs
Authors: Limasset Antoine , Cazaux Bastien , Rivals Eric , Peterlongo Pierre 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Background
Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) has dramatically enhanced our ability to sequence genomes, but not to assemble them. In practice, many published genome sequences remain in the state of a large set of contigs. Each contig describes the sequence found along some path of the assembly graph, however, the set of contigs does not record all the sequence information contained in that graph. Although many subsequent analyses can be performed with the set of contigs, one may ask whether mapping reads on the contigs is as informative as mapping them on the paths of the assembly graph. Currently, one lacks practical tools to perform mapping on such graphs.

Results
Here, we propose a formal definition of mapping on a de Bruijn graph, analyse the problem complexity which turns out to be NP-complete, and provide a practical solution. We propose a pipeline called GGMAP (Greedy Graph MAPping). Its novelty is a procedure to map reads on branching paths of the graph, for which we designed a heuristic algorithm called BGREAT (de Bruijn Graph REAd mapping Tool). For the sake of efficiency, BGREAT rewrites a read sequence as a succession of unitigs sequences. GGMAP can map millions of reads per CPU hour on a de Bruijn graph built from a large set of human genomic reads. Surprisingly, results show that up to 22 % more reads can be mapped on the graph but not on the contig set.

Conclusions
Although mapping reads on a de Bruijn graph is complex task, our proposal offers a practical solution combining efficiency with an improved mapping capacity compared to assembly-based mapping even for complex eukaryotic data.
High-quality draft genome sequence of Flavobacterium suncheonense GH29-5T (DSM 17707T) isolated from greenhouse soil in South Korea, and emended description of Flavobacterium suncheonense GH29-5T
Authors: Tashkandy Nisreen , Sabban Sari , Fakieh Mohammad , Meier-Kolthoff Jan P. , Huang Sixing , Tindall Brian J. , Rohde Manfred , Baeshen Mohammed N. , Baeshen Nabih A. , Lapidus Alla , Copeland Alex , Pillay Manoj , Reddy T. B. K. , Huntemann Marcel , Pati Amrita , Ivanova Natalia , Markowitz Victor , Woyke Tanja , Göker Markus , Klenk Hans-Peter , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Hahnke Richard L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractFlavobacterium suncheonense is a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae in the phylum Bacteroidetes. Strain GH29-5T (DSM 17707T) was isolated from greenhouse soil in Suncheon, South Korea. F. suncheonense GH29-5T is part of the GenomicEncyclopedia ofBacteria andArchaea project. The 2,880,663 bp long draft genome consists of 54 scaffolds with 2739 protein-coding genes and 82 RNA genes. The genome of strain GH29-5T has 117 genes encoding peptidases but a small number of genes encoding carbohydrate active enzymes (51 CAZymes). Metallo and serine peptidases were found most frequently. Among CAZymes, eight glycoside hydrolase families, nine glycosyl transferase families, two carbohydrate binding module families and four carbohydrate esterase families were identified. Suprisingly, polysaccharides utilization loci (PULs) were not found in strain GH29-5T. Based on the coherent physiological and genomic characteristics we suggest that F. suncheonense GH29-5T feeds rather on proteins than saccharides and lipids.
Effect of Individual Surgeons and Anesthesiologists on Operating Room Time
Authors: van Eijk Ruben P. A. , van Veen-Berkx Elizabeth , Kazemier Geert , Eijkemans Marinus J. C. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:
Variability in operating room (OR) time causes overutilization and underutilization of the available ORs. There is evidence that for a given type of procedure, the surgeon is the major source of variability in OR time. The primary aim was to quantify the variability between surgeons and anesthesiologists. As illustration, the value of modeling the individual surgeons and anesthesiologist for OR time prediction was estimated.

METHODS:
OR data containing 16,480 cases were obtained from a general surgery department. The total amount of variability in OR time accounted for by the type of procedure, first and second surgeon, and the anesthesiologist was determined with the use of linear mixed models. The effect on OR time prediction was evaluated as reduction in overtime and idle time per case.

RESULTS:
Differences between first surgeons can account for only 2.9% (2.0%–4.2%) of the variability in OR time. Differences between anesthesiologists can account for 0.1% (0.0%–0.3%) of the variability in OR time. Incorporating the individual surgeons and anesthesiologists led to an average reduction of overtime and idle time of 1.8 (95% confidence interval, 1.7–2.0, 10.5% reduction) minutes and 3.0 (95% confidence interval, 2.8%–3.2, 17.0% reduction) minutes, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
In comparison with the type of procedure, differences between surgeons account for a small part of OR time variability. The impact of differences between anesthesiologists on OR time is negligible. A prediction model incorporating the individual surgeons and anesthesiologists has an increased precision, but improvements are likely too marginal to have practical consequences for OR scheduling.
Manakins can produce iridescent and bright feather colours without melanosomes
Authors: Igic Branislav , D'Alba Liliana , Shawkey Matthew D. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTMales of many species often use colourful and conspicuous ornaments to attract females. Among these, male manakins (family: Pipridae) provide classic examples of sexual selection favouring the evolution of bright and colourful plumage coloration. The highly iridescent feather colours of birds are most commonly produced by the periodic arrangement of melanin-containing organelles (melanosomes) within barbules. Melanin increases the saturation of iridescent colours seen from optimal viewing angles by absorbing back-scattered light; however, this may reduce the wide-angle brightness of these signals, contributing to a dark background appearance. We examined the nanostructure of four manakin species (Lepidothrix isidorei, L. iris, L. nattereri and L. coeruleocapilla) to identify how they produce their bright plumage colours. Feather barbs of all four species were characterized by dense and fibrous internal spongy matrices that likely increase scattering of light within the barb. The iridescent, yet pale or whitish colours of L. iris and L. nattereri feathers were produced not by periodically arranged melanosomes within barbules, but by periodic matrices of air and β-keratin within barbs. Lepidothrix iris crown feathers were able to produce a dazzling display of colours with small shifts in viewing geometry, likely because of a periodic nanostructure, a flattened barb morphology and disorder at a microstructural level. We hypothesize that iridescent plumage ornaments of male L. iris and L. nattereri are under selection to increase brightness or luminance across wide viewing angles, which may potentially increase their detectability by females during dynamic and fast-paced courtship displays in dim light environments.
The extraordinary joint material of an articulated coralline alga. II. Modeling the structural basis of its mechanical properties
Authors: Denny Mark W. , King Felicia A. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
By incorporating joints into their otherwise rigid fronds, erect coralline algae have evolved to be as flexible as other seaweeds, which allows them to thrive – and even dominate space – on wave-washed shores around the globe. However, to provide the required flexibility, the joint tissue of Calliarthron cheilosporioides, a representative articulated coralline alga, relies on an extraordinary tissue that is stronger, more extensible and more fatigue resistant than that of other algae. Here, we used the results from recent experiments to parameterize a conceptual model that links the microscale architecture of cell walls to the adaptive mechanical properties of joint tissue. Our analysis suggests that the theory of discontinuous fiber-wound composite materials (with cellulose fibrils as the fibers and galactan gel as the matrix) can explain key aspects of the material's mechanics. In particular, its adaptive viscoelastic behavior can be characterized by two, widely separated time constants. We speculate that the short time constant (∼14 s) results from the viscous response of the matrix to the change in cell-wall shape as a joint is stretched, a response that allows the material both to remain flexible and to dissipate energy as a frond is lashed by waves. We propose that the long time constant (∼35 h), is governed by the shearing of the matrix between cellulose fibrils. The resulting high apparent viscosity ensures that joints avoid accumulating lethal deformation in the course of a frond's lifetime. Our synthesis of experimental measurements allows us to draw a chain of mechanistic inference from molecules to cell walls to fronds and community ecology.
Evidence of trapline foraging in honeybees
Authors: Buatois Alexis , Lihoreau Mathieu 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Central-place foragers exploiting floral resources often use multi-destination routes (traplines) to maximise their foraging efficiency. Recent studies on bumblebees have showed how solitary foragers can learn traplines, minimising travel costs between multiple replenishing feeding locations. Here we demonstrate a similar routing strategy in the honeybee (Apis mellifera), a major pollinator known to recruit nestmates to discovered food resources. Individual honeybees trained to collect sucrose solution from four artificial flowers arranged within 10 m of the hive location developed repeatable visitation sequences both in the laboratory and in the field. A 10-fold increase of between-flower distances considerably intensified this routing behaviour, with bees establishing more stable and more efficient routes at larger spatial scales. In these advanced social insects, trapline foraging may complement cooperative foraging for exploiting food resources near the hive (where dance recruitment is not used) or when resources are not large enough to sustain multiple foragers at once.
Ποιότητα ζωής και αίσθημα ευτυχίας σε γηγενείς Έλληνες, Πόντιους παλιννοστούντες και Αλβανούς μετανάστες
Authors: Πράπας Χρήστος , Μαυρέας Βενετσάνος 
Published: June 2016

<p><em>Σκοπός αυτού του άρθρου ήταν να διερευνηθ</em><em>ούν οι αντιλήψεις </em><em>γηγενών, μεταναστών από την Αλβανία και παλιννοστούντων από την πρώην Σοβιετική Ένωση</em><em> σχετικά με την ποιότητα ζωής, την ικανοποίηση από τη ζωή και το αίσθημα ευτυχίας. </em><em>Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 303 (58.3%) </em><em>Έλληνες, 114 (21.9%) μετανάστες από την Αλβανία και 103 (19.8%) Πόντιοι παλιννοστούντες.</em><em> </em><em>Από αυτούς οι 257 (49.4%) ήταν άντρες και οι 263 (50.6%) γυναίκες με μέση ηλικία 36.3 έτη και εύρος από 18 έως 64 έτη. </em><em>Η </em><em>έννοια της ποιότητας ζωής </em><em>εξετάστηκ</em><em>ε</em><em> με </em><em>το </em><em>Ερωτηματολόγιο Ποιότητας Ζωής (</em><em>WHOQOL</em><em>, WHO, 1993, σελ. 1-7), το οποίο αξιολογεί Σωματική, Ψυχολογική-Συναισθηματική, Διαπροσωπική και Κοινωνική Ευημερία. Το υποκειμενικό αίσθημα ευτυχίας εκτιμήθηκε με το Ερωτηματολόγιο «Υποκειμενικό Αίσθημα Ευτυχίας-Συναισθηματική πλευρά» («</em><em>Affect</em><em> </em><em>Balance</em><em> </em><em>Scale</em><em>» </em><em>Bradburn</em><em>, 1969, σελ. 78), και την κλίμακα «Ικανοποίηση από τη Ζωή» («</em><em>Satisfaction</em><em> </em><em>with</em><em> </em><em>life</em><em> </em><em>scale</em><em>» </em><em>Diener</em><em>, 2000, σελ. 40). Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ανισότητα στην ποιότητα ζωής και στην ικανοποίηση από τη ζωή μεταξύ γηγενών, μεταναστών από την Αλβανία και παλιννοστούντων από την πρώην Σοβιετική Ένωση, ενώ δεν βρέθηκαν σημαντικές διαφορές στην προσλαμβανόμενη αντίληψη της ευτυχίας. </em><em>Ανεξάρτητα από αυτό, οι Αλβανοί μετανάστες </em><em>φαίνεται να παρουσιάζουν υψηλότερες τιμές, εκφράζουν υψηλότερο επίπεδο διαπροσωπικής και κοινωνικής ευημερίας από ό,τι οι Πόντιοι παλιννοστούντες. </em></p>
Μαθηματικά και εξ αποστάσεως εκπαίδευση στο Ελληνικό Ανοικτό Πανεπιστήμιο
Authors: Χατζηνικολάου Μαρία 
Published: June 2016

Ο σκοπός, η φιλοσοφία, οι αρχές, το περιεχόμενο, τα μέσα και οι μέθοδοι διδασκαλίας των Μαθηματικών, στο πλαίσιο της Ανοικτής και εξ Αποστάσεως Εκπαίδευσης (ΑεξΑΕ) παρουσιάζονται και αναλύονται στην περίπτωση του Προγράμματος Σπουδών «Μεταπτυχιακές σπουδές στα Μαθηματικά» ΜΣΜ. Από τα πρώτα οργανωμένα μεταπτυχιακά προγράμματα σπουδών Ελληνικών Πανεπιστημίων για τα μαθηματικά, προσφέρεται από το 2006 από το ΕΑΠ, με στόχο την κάλυψη των αναγκών της μαθηματικής κοινότητας για αναβάθμιση των γνώσεων και συνέχιση των σπουδών σε μεταπτυχιακό επίπεδο. Το πρόγραμμα ΜΣΜ, υπηρετεί το σκοπό αυτό προσφέροντες δύο κατευθύνσεις. Η μία οδηγεί σε ειδίκευση με έμφαση στην ιστορική εξέλιξη και διδακτική των μαθηματικών, ενώ η δεύτερη σε ειδίκευση με έμφαση στη μαθηματική προτυποποίηση και τις εφαρμογές των Μαθηματικών στις επιστήμες και την τεχνολογία.