bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radiography and abdominal CT compared with sacroiliac joint CT in the diagnosis of sacroiliitis
Authors: Melchior Julian , Azraq Yusef , Chary-Valckenaere Isabelle , Rat Anne-Christine , Texeira Pedro , Blum Alain , Loeuille Damien 
Published: January 2017

Background The presence of structural sacroiliitis is strong evidence for the diagnosis of spondyloarthritis (SpA). Purpose To assess the performance of abdominal computed tomography (CT) and pelvic plain radiography for the diagnosis of structural sacroiliitis compared with sacroiliac CT (SI joint CT) considered the reference technique in patients with SpA. Material and Methods All SpA patients eligible for biologic treatment were selected from 2005 to 2012. An assessment of sacroiliitis was based on radiography according to the modified New York criteria and on abdominal CT and SI joint CT scans depending on the presence of erosion on at least two consecutive slices. A senior rheumatologist and radiologist independently scored the grade and diagnosis of structural sacroiliitis for the three imaging modalities. After a consensus reading of conflicting examinations (radiography and CT), a final diagnosis of structural sacroiliitis was attained. Results Of the 72 patients selected, sacroiliitis was diagnosed on radiography, abdominal CT, and SI joint CT in 40, 31, and 44 patients, respectively. Inter-reader agreements for the grade of sacroiliitis were substantial for the three imaging modalities, with a weighted kappa range of 0.63–0.75 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–0.83), and they were moderate for the diagnosis of sacroiliitis, with a kappa range of 0.50–0.55 (95% CI, 0.32–0.74). The sensitivity and specificity were 79.1% and 70.5%, respectively, for radiography and 82.1% and 100%, respectively, for abdominal CT. Conclusion This study demonstrates the relevance of abdominal CT for the diagnosis of structural sacroiliitis, with good sensitivity and excellent specificity. These imaging techniques avoid unnecessary examinations.
Use of the injection test to indicate the oesophageal balloon position in patients without spontaneous breathing: a clinical feasibility study
Authors: Chen Han , Yang Yan-Lin , Xu Ming , Shi Zhong-Hua , He Xuan , Sun Xiu-Mei , Luo Xu-Ying , Chen Guang-Qiang , Zhou Jian-Xin 
Published: January 2017

Objective To investigate the clinical feasibility of the injection test for balloon placement during oesophageal pressure measurement in patients without spontaneous breathing. Methods The injection test was performed in 12 mechanically ventilated patients under deep sedation and paralysis. During withdrawal of the balloon from the stomach and air injection into the gastric lumen of the catheter, the presence of the injection test wave in the balloon pressure tracing indicated that the whole balloon was positioned above the lower oesophageal sphincter (LES). The positive pressure occlusion test was performed at different balloon positions. Results In each patient, the injection test wave appeared at a distinct balloon depth, with a mean ± standard deviation of 41.9 ± 3.3 cm and range from 37 cm to 47 cm. The optimal ratio of changes in the balloon and airway pressure (0.8–1.2) during the positive pressure occlusion test was obtained when the balloon was located 5 cm and 10 cm above the LES in nine (75%) and three (25%) patients, respectively. Conclusions The injection test is feasible for identification of the whole balloon position above the LES during passive ventilation. The middle third of the oesophagus might be the optimal balloon position.
Neck-Tongue syndrome: A systematic review
Authors: Gelfand Amy A , Johnson Hannah , Lenaerts Marc EP , Litwin Jessica R , De Mesa Charles , Bogduk Nikolai , Goadsby Peter J 
Published: January 2017

Objective Neck-Tongue syndrome (NTS) is characterized by brief attacks of neck or occipital pain, or both, brought out by abrupt head turning and accompanied by ipsilateral tongue symptoms. As the disorder is rare, we undertook a systematic review of the literature to identify all reported cases in order to phenotype clinically the disorder and subsequently inform clinical diagnostic criteria. Methods Two electronic databases were searched using the search term “neck tongue syndrome”. All English language references were reviewed in full. Cases were abstracted using a standardized abstraction form and the references of the retrieved articles were reviewed by hand to identify additional references and cases. Conference proceedings from recent headache meetings were searched. We also report six new cases from our centers. Results There were 39 primary cases, 56% of which were female. Mean age (SD) at onset was 16 (12) years. Twenty (53%) experienced neck pain, seven (18%) occipital pain, and 11 (29%) both. Pain was most often sharp or stabbing and severe, lasting several seconds to several minutes. Eleven experienced numbness and/or tingling in the neck/occiput following the pain. Thirty-six had an accompanying tongue sensory disturbance and three a motor/posture disturbance; five had both. Thirteen had other headaches, and four a family history of Neck-Tongue syndrome. Conclusions Neck-Tongue syndrome typically has pediatric or adolescent onset, suggesting that ligamentous laxity during growth and development may facilitate transient subluxation of the lateral atlantoaxial joint with sudden head turning. Familial cases suggest a genetic predisposition in some individuals. Neck-Tongue syndrome should be re-instated in the International Classification of Headache Disorders.
Comorbidity between idiopathic overactive bladder and chronic migraine
Authors: Ramos Marta L , García-Cabo Carmen , Leira Rogelio , Domínguez Clara , Pozo-Rosich Patricia , Vila Carme , Laínez Miguel J , Pascual Julio 
Published: January 2017

Objective We tested whether overactive bladder (OAB) and chronic migraine (CM) could be comorbid. Patients and methods CM women, aged 40–69 years, answered a validated OAB questionnaire. Prevalence data were compared with those reported in our country in the general population (GP) using the same questionnaire. Results We interviewed 231 CM women. Eighty-four met OAB criteria. OAB prevalence in CM patients was significantly higher than that found in the GP (36.4% vs. 21.8% in the GP; p = 0.0001). There were 34 CM women aged 40–49 years (34.3% vs. 15.2%; p = 0.001), 35 aged 50–59 years (38.9% vs. 21.7%; p = 0.004) and 15 aged 60–69 years (35.7% vs. 24.5%; p = 0.15) meeting OAB criteria. Seventy-seven (33% vs. 9.9%; p = 0.002) needed more than eight micturitions/24 h, 61 (26.4% vs. 8.1%, p = 0.002) experienced nocturia and 43 (18.6% vs. 8.1%; p = 0.001) urinary incontinence. Conclusion In this exploratory study, at least in women, OAB and CM are comorbid, which suggests shared mechanisms.
Health Service Utilisation, Detection Rates by Family Practitioners, and Management of Patients with Common Mental Disorders in French Family Practice
Authors: Norton Joanna , Engberink Agnès Oude , Gandubert Catherine , Ritchie Karen , Mann Anthony , David Michel , Capdevielle Delphine 
Published: January 2017

Objective: Provide up-to-date detection rates for common mental disorders (CMD) and examine patient service-use since the Preferred Doctor scheme was introduced to France in 2005, with patients encouraged to register with and consult a family practitioner (FP) of their choice. Methods: Study of 1133 consecutive patients consulting 38 FPs in the Montpellier region, replicating a study performed before the scheme. Patients in the waiting room completed the self-report Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) and Client Service-Receipt Inventory with questions on registration with a Preferred Doctor and doctor-shopping. CMD was defined as reaching PHQ criteria for depression, somatoform, panic or anxiety disorder. For each patient, FPs completed a questionnaire capturing psychiatric caseness. Results: 81.2% of patients were seeing their Preferred Doctor on the survey-day. Of those with a CMD, 52.6% were detected by the FP. This increased with CMD severity and comorbidity. Detected cases were more likely to be consulting their Preferred Doctor (84.7% versus 79.4% for non-detected cases, p = 0.05) rather than another FP. They declared more visits to psychiatrists (17.2% versus 6.7%, p = 0.002). There was no association with consultation frequency or doctor-shopping, which both declined between the two studies. Conclusion: The CMD detection rate is relatively high, with no increase compared to our previous study, despite a decline in doctor-shopping. An explanation is the same high proportion of patients visiting their usual FP on the survey-day at both periods, suggesting a limited impact of the scheme on care continuity. FP action taken highlights the importance of improving detection for providing care to patients with CMDs.
ADHD Treatment in Primary Care: Demographic Factors, Medication Trends, and Treatment Predictors
Authors: Hauck Tanya S. , Lau Cindy , Wing Laura Li Foa , Kurdyak Paul , Tu Karen 
Published: January 2017

Background: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and characteristics of youth with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Ontario, Canada, and to determine the predictors of psychotropic medication prescriptions in youth with ADHD. Method: This is a cross-sectional retrospective chart abstraction of more than 250 000 medical records from youth aged 1 to 24 years in a large geographical region in Ontario, Canada, linked to population-based health administrative data. A total of 10 000 charts were randomly selected and manually reviewed using predetermined criteria for ADHD and comorbidities. Prevalence, comorbidities, demographic indicators, and health service utilization characteristics were calculated. Predictors of treatment characteristics were determined using logistic regression modelling. Results: The prevalence of ADHD was 5.4% (7.9% males, 2.7% females). Youth with ADHD had significant psychiatric comorbidities. The majority (70.0%) of ADHD patients received prescriptions for stimulant or nonstimulant ADHD medication. Antipsychotic prescriptions were provided to 11.9% of ADHD patients versus 0.9% of patients without ADHD. Antidepressant prescriptions were provided to 19.8% versus 5.4% of patients with and without ADHD, respectively. Predictors of antidepressant prescriptions were increasing age (odds ratio [OR], 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07 to 1.21), psychiatric consultation (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.16 to 3.58), and diagnoses of both anxiety and depression (OR, 18.4; 95% CI, 8.03 to 42.1), whereas the only predictor of antipsychotic prescriptions was psychiatric consultation (OR, 3.85; 95% CI, 2.11 to 7.02). Conclusions: Youth with ADHD have more psychiatric comorbidities than youth without ADHD. The majority of youth with ADHD received stimulant medications, and a significant number received additional psychotropic medications, with psychiatric consultation predicting medication use.
Assessment of Quality of Life of Family Members of Inpatients with End-Stage Disease
Authors: Bužngová Radka , Kozáková Radka , Sikorová Lucie 
Published: January 2017

Background: An important aim of palliative care is to ensure the highest possible quality of life (QoL) for the family members of patients. Aim: We aimed to determine the QoL of family members of hospitalized patients with end-stage disease, as well as differences in QoL based on socio-demographic characteristics and the patient's functional status, psychological distress, and QoL. Methods: Study participants were 292 family members of terminally ill patients at University Hospital, Ostrava, Czech Republic. To evaluate family members' QoL, we used the Quality of Life in Life-Threatening Illness — Family Carer Version (QOLLTI-F). We used the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) Scale to assess patients' functional status and psychological distress. Results: A statistically significant difference was found in QoL evaluation based on family members' socio-demographic characteristics in education, employment, and age. A significantly lower QoL score was observed for patients' life partners in six domains. A correlation was found between patients' poorer functional status and family members' lower QoL. We found lower global QoL in family members of patients with depression. Conclusion: Family support is a cornerstone of palliative care. Palliative care professionals should focus on at-risk family members — the life partners of patients, the unemployed, younger people, and those whose ill loved one has a poor functional status.
Nutritional Assessment in Clinical Practice
Authors: Grant John P. 
Published: January 2017

John P. Grant, M.D., incoming president of A.S.P.E.N., is the featured author of the lead article in this first issue of Nutrition in Clinical Practice. Dr. Grant is Associate Professor of Surgery and Director of Nutritional Support Service at Duke University Medical Center, as well as Chief of Surgery at the Veterans Administration Hospital, Durham, North Carolina. Dr. Grant is a well‐recognized expert in nutritional support and has received tremendous recognition for his Handbook of Parenteral Nutrition.Dr. Grant received his B.S. from the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and his M.D. from the University of Chicago. He did most of his medical training at the Duke University Medical Center, with a 2‐year hiatus spent at the National Cancer Institute, Surgery Branch, National Institutes of Health, as a clinical associate. Dr. Grant is a fellow of the American College of Surgeons, a member of various medical and surgical societies, and the 11th president of A.S.P.E.N.
Differences in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and Health Behaviors Between Black and Non-Black Students Participating in a School-Based Health Promotion Program
Authors: Jamerson Taylor , Sylvester Rachel , Jiang Qingmei , Corriveau Nicole , DuRussel-Weston Jean , Kline-Rogers Eva , Jackson Elizabeth A. , Eagle Kim A. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: To compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors of black and non-black children participating in Project Healthy Schools (PHS), a school-based wellness program. Design: Participants were surveyed and participated in physiological screenings pre- and post-PHS intervention. Setting: Middle schools in 4 Michigan communities of varying socioeconomic status. Participants: A total of 3813 sixth-grade students comprised the survey sample, and 2297 sixth-grade students comprised the screening sample. Intervention: Project Healthy Schools is a school-based intervention designed to reduce the risk of obesity and CVD in children through the promotion of healthy eating and physical activity. Measures: Physical examination, blood test, and self-reported survey data on dietary habits, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors were collected pre- and post-PHS. Analysis: Paired and independent t tests were used for physiologic variables. Wilcoxon sign-rank and rank-sum tests were used for survey variables. Results: At baseline, blacks had a higher percentage of overweight/obese students (43% vs 34%; P < .0001) and demonstrated poorer health habits than non-blacks; however, non-blacks had poorer lipid profiles. At follow-up (post-PHS intervention), both groups demonstrated significant improvements in physiological measures and health behaviors. Conclusion: Despite disparities between the groups at both baseline and follow-up, changes seen post-PHS intervention were beneficial in both groups. These results suggest that early intervention for risk factor modification is possible and may be of great importance in the prevention of CVD, particularly in high-risk groups.
Accelerometer-Assessed Physical Activity and School Absenteeism Due to Illness or Injury Among Children and Adolescents: NHANES 2003 to 2006
Authors: Loprinzi Paul D. , Frith Emily 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: To examine the association between objectively measured moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total physical activity with school absenteeism due to illness or injury among children and adolescents. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003 to 2006. Participants: A total of 1249 children (aged 6-11 years) and 1747 adolescents (aged 12-17 years). Measures: School absenteeism was categorized as no/minimal school absenteeism (0-8 missed school days in the past 12 months), moderate absenteeism (9-17 missed days), or severe absenteeism (18+ missed days). Physical activity was objectively measured via accelerometry. Analysis: Multinomial logistic regression. Results: Children in the most active quartile had 89% reduced odds of severe absenteeism relative to the least active quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 0.11; 0.95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02-0.48); results were similar for MVPA. For adolescents, those in the most active quartile for MVPA had a 41% reduced odds of having moderate (vs no/minimal) absenteeism (OR = 0.59; 95% CI: 0.35-0.99). For children, a multiplicative interaction effect of MVPA and poverty level on severe absenteeism was observed (OR = 0.98, P = .02). Conclusion: Higher levels of physical activity were associated with lower odds of severe school absenteeism. Such an observation is important, as school absenteeism strongly contributes to academic performance. Particular attention for promoting physical activity and closely monitoring school absenteeism among youth below the poverty level may be warranted.
High Amounts of Sitting, Low Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Low Physical Activity Levels: 3 Key Ingredients in the Recipe for Influencing Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence
Authors: Edwards Meghan K. , Loprinzi Paul D. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Limited research has evaluated the independent and additive associations of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior (SB), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with metabolic syndrome, which was the purpose of this study. Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003 to 2004. Sample: Three hundred seven adults aged 20 to 49 years. Measures: Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and SB were assessed via accelerometer, whereas CRF was assessed via submaximal treadmill testing. Metabolic syndrome was assessed via the American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute guidelines. Analysis: Multivariable logistic regression. Results: A 10 min/d increase in MVPA was associated with a 45% reduced odds of metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] = 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.40-0.76, P = .001), and a 10 mL/kg/min increase in CRF was associated with a 43% reduced odds of having metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.37-0.87, P = .013). Additionally, a statistically significant combined association of MVPA, SB, and CRF with metabolic syndrome was present; individuals who had below-median SB and above-median MVPA and CRF had an 88% reduced odds of metabolic syndrome (OR = 0.12, 95% CI = 0.03-0.48, P = .005) when compared to those who had below-median MVPA and CRF and above-median SB. Conclusion: When considering MVPA, SB, and CRF, MVPA and CRF were both independently associated with metabolic syndrome (SB was not) among this young adult population and there was also evidence to support a combined association of all 3 parameters on metabolic syndrome.
Does Organizational and Coworker Support Moderate Diabetes Risk and Job Stress Among Employees?
Authors: Wolff Marilyn B. , Gay Jennifer L. , Wilson Mark G. , DeJoy David M. , Vandenberg Robert J. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Examine the moderating role of perceived organizational and coworker support on the relationship between job stress and type 2 diabetes risk among employees. Design: A cross-sectional survey was administered to employees at the workplace. Setting: One national retail organization. Participants: Baseline data were obtained from 1595 employees in 21 retail stores. Measures: Self-reported organizational and coworker support to encourage and fulfill job responsibilities and job stress. Diabetes risk was calculated using age, gender, race/ethnicity, blood pressure, physical activity, weight status, and self-reported diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Analysis: Multilevel multiple regression was conducted to test the interaction effect of support on the association between job stress and diabetes risk. Results: Mean age was 37.95 years (±12.03) and body mass index was 26.72 (±4.95). Three percent of participants reported diagnosed diabetes. Organizational support was positively associated with coworker support. Both were negatively associated with job stress. Organizational support, but not coworker support, moderated the relationship of job stress with diabetes risk. Participants with greater perceived organizational support had lower diabetes risk scores compared to those with lower perceived organizational support. Conclusion: Organizational support may be a key factor for workplaces to reduce stress and diabetes risk. Further testing of organizations’ supportive role on employee health may be helpful in developing future workplace programs.
Enhancing Human Milk Production With Domperidone in Mothers of Preterm Infants
Authors: Asztalos Elizabeth V. , Campbell-Yeo Marsha , da Silva Orlando P. , Ito Shinya , Kiss Alex , Knoppert David ,   for the EMPOWER Study Collaborative Group
Published: January 2017

Background: Mothers of preterm infants often are at risk of expressing an inadequate amount of milk for their infants and the use of galactogogues is often considered. Domperidone is a widely used galactogogue with little information available to guide clinicians regarding initiation, timing, and duration of treatment. Research aim: The primary objective of this study was to determine whether administration of domperidone within the first 21 days after delivery would lead to a higher proportion of mothers achieving a 50% increase in the volume of milk at the end of 14 days of treatment compared with mothers receiving placebo. Methods: Eligible mothers were randomized to one of two treatment arms: Group A—domperidone 10 mg orally three times daily for 28 days; or Group B—placebo 10 mg orally three times daily for 14 days followed by domperidone 10 mg orally three times daily for 14 days. Results: A total of 90 mothers of infants ≤ 29 weeks gestation were randomized. Mean milk volumes at entry were similar for both groups. More mothers achieved a 50% increase in milk volume after 14 days in Group A (77.8%) compared with Group B (57.8%), odds ratio = 2.56, 95% confidence interval [1.02, 6.25], p = .04. Conclusion: A greater number of mothers experienced a 50% or more increase in human milk volume, but the absolute increase in milk volume was modest.