ON THE QUESTION OF THE EFFECT OF REGENERATION STIMULATION DRUGS ON THE RESTORATION OF THE SKIN IN CASE OF INJURY
Authors: Zhdanova Olga B. , Dunaeva Elena B. , Razin Maxim P. , Okulova Iraida I. 
Published: September 2024

Background. The study of the reaction of tissue (epidermis and dermis) to the medication of regeneration stimulants (МSR) in injuries is relevant both for the development of wound coatings and treatment regimens for the traumatic process. In this study, special attention is paid to the process of stimulation of stem cells in the hair papilla, which play an important role in the restoration of skin structures. The aim of the study was also to study the morphological changes of the epidermis and dermis in the dynamics of trauma.
Materials and methods. To conduct the experiment, experimental groups were formed: a burn model without treatment; a burn model with a МSR preparation (oral administration and wound coating); an experimental group with a linear wound with МSR treatment, an experimental group similar reproduction of a wound without suturing with МSR, a control group similar reproduction of a wound without treatment with suturing, a control group - similar reproduction of the wound without treatment and without suturing. Animals were removed from the experiment by inhalation of ether vapors in accordance with the "Rules for carrying out work using experimental animals" and in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association (Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board). Tissue fragments were taken from the site of thermal trauma and healthy tissue for the preparation of histological preparations. The production of paraffin histological sections with a thickness of 5-7 microns was carried out according to generally accepted standard methods. The sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The photos were taken using the Vision Bio system (Epi 2014) and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, which were examined under x100 magnification. The obtained data were processed using MS Excel and Statgraphics software packages using generally accepted methods of statistics.
Results. When reproducing thermal trauma In the control group on day 14, there is no epidermis in part of the visual fields within the studied material, the layers are replaced by connective tissue strands, scar tissue is visualized. The dermis is moderately edematous, with neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltration is weakly expressed, in the papillary and reticular layer it is evenly represented, there are single apoptotic corpuscles. No areas of hemorrhage were detected, but the blood vessels were dilated. While in the experimental group there are signs of restoration of microcirculation with a large number of vessels and a more pronounced layer of the epidermis. When examining scars after a linear wound, it was found that animals who did not receive therapy have a thin scar, and in animals who received МSR, the consequences of surgical intervention are not visualized.
Conclusion. The dynamics of the wound process was studied when using a prototype ointment containing a regeneration complex in the treatment of burn and linear wounds in an experiment. The effectiveness of the regenerative complex of a prototype ointment for the treatment of experimental burn and linear wounds in laboratory animals in comparison with the control group was revealed. It has been established that in the treatment of burn and linear wounds with experimental ointment, the healing period of burn wounds is reduced due to more active formation of the microcirculatory bed and the early onset of epithelization.