bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐criteria manufacturability indices for ranking high‐concentration monoclonal antibody formulations
Authors: Yang Yang , Velayudhan Ajoy , Thornhill Nina F. , Farid Suzanne S. 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe need for high‐concentration formulations for subcutaneous delivery of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can present manufacturability challenges for the final ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UF/DF) step. Viscosity levels and the propensity to aggregate are key considerations for high‐concentration formulations. This work presents novel frameworks for deriving a set of manufacturability indices related to viscosity and thermostability to rank high‐concentration mAb formulation conditions in terms of their ease of manufacture. This is illustrated by analyzing published high‐throughput biophysical screening data that explores the influence of different formulation conditions (pH, ions, and excipients) on the solution viscosity and product thermostability. A decision tree classification method, CART (Classification and Regression Tree) is used to identify the critical formulation conditions that influence the viscosity and thermostability. In this work, three different multi‐criteria data analysis frameworks were investigated to derive manufacturability indices from analysis of the stress maps and the process conditions experienced in the final UF/DF step. Polynomial regression techniques were used to transform the experimental data into a set of stress maps that show viscosity and thermostability as functions of the formulation conditions. A mathematical filtrate flux model was used to capture the time profiles of protein concentration and flux decay behavior during UF/DF. Multi‐criteria decision‐making analysis was used to identify the optimal formulation conditions that minimize the potential for both viscosity and aggregation issues during UF/DF. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2043–2056. © 2017 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Perodicals, Inc.
Plantar Exteroceptive Inefficiency causes an asynergic use of plantar and visual afferents for postural control: Best means of remediation
Authors: Foisy Arnaud , Kapoula Zoï 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionSome subjects have difficulty to integrate both visual and plantar inputs, showing at the same time a “postural blindness” and a Plantar Exteroceptive Inefficiency (PEI). The former corresponds to a better stability eyes closed (EC) than eyes open (EO), while the latter is defined as a better stability on foam than on firm ground. Clinical studies reported that a manipulation of either plantar or visual input could affect the weight of both cues in postural control, suggesting interdependence in their use. The purpose of the experiment is to characterize the PEI phenomenon better and see if such synergy can be objectified.MethodsWe recruited 48 subjects (25 ± 3.3 years) and assessed their balance with a force platform, EO, EC, at 40 or 200 cm, on firm ground, Dépron® foam, Dynachoc® foam, or on a 3 mm‐thick Anterior Bar AB®. We assessed their sensorial preferences through their PQ and RQ.ResultsThe main results are that there normally exists a synergy in the use of plantar and visual afferents, but only at 40 cm and in the absence of PEI.ConclusionsPlantar Exteroceptive Inefficiency interferes with the role of vision in postural control, its effects are distance specific, are better revealed by Dépron® foam and the AB® improves posture but does not solve visual‐podal asynergy. These results also have clinical interests as they indicate the best way in terms of distance and choice of foam to diagnostic PEI. Finally, they suggest restricting the use of the AB®, commonly employed. These findings can be useful for clinicians concerned with foot, eye, and posture.
“Cure” for multiple sclerosis (MS)—Evolving views of therapy goals in patients on different stages of the disease: A pilot study in a cohort of Polish MS patients
Authors: Chacińska Weronika , Brzostowska Marta , Nojszewska Monika , Podlecka‐Piętowska Aleksandra , Jędrzejczak Wiesław W. , Snarski Emilian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionNew aggressive treatments promise improvement of results in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), however, with high risk of serious complications. In this study, we analyzed patients’ acceptance for risks connected with the MS treatment.MethodsThe study was designed as a prospective nonanonymous online questionnaire. Responders were asked about the definition of the “cure” for MS and crucial goals in the treatment.ResultsOne hundred and eighty patients filled in the questionnaire (129 women and 51 men), and the mean age was 33 years (SD = 10.29). The MS forms were as follows: relapsing‐remitting (65%), secondary progressive (14%), primary progressive (10%), and other (11%), with mean EDSS score of 3 points (SD = 2.6). For 50% of the patients, relief of symptoms such as fatigue (72%), paresis (66%), and balance disorders (65%) was synonymous with “cure.” The patients with faster progression of the disease were likely to accept risky “curative” treatments—with average 68% accepted mortality risk (p = .003). Over 81% of patients accepted mortality rates over 1% for the treatment that achieves self‐defined cure.ConclusionThe study shows that the MS patients are likely to accept even very risky treatments as long as they promise patient‐defined “cure.”
Correlation of mammographic density and serum calcium levels in patients with primary breast cancer
Authors: Hack Carolin C. , Stoll Martin J. , Jud Sebastian M. , Heusinger Katharina , Adler Werner , Haeberle Lothar , Ganslandt Thomas , Heindl Felix , Schulz‐Wendtland Rüdiger , Cavallaro Alexander , Uder Michael , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fasching Peter A. , Bayer Christian M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPercentage mammographic breast density (PMD) is one of the most important risk factors for breast cancer (BC). Calcium, vitamin D, bisphosphonates, and denosumab have been considered and partly confirmed as factors potentially influencing the risk of BC. This retrospective observational study investigated the association between serum calcium level and PMD. A total of 982 BC patients identified in the research database at the University Breast Center for Franconia with unilateral BC, calcium and albumin values, and mammogram at the time of first diagnosis were included. PMD was assessed, using a semiautomated method by two readers. Linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the impact on PMD of the parameters of serum calcium level adjusted for albumin level, and well‐known clinical predictors such as age, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status and confounder for serum calcium like season in which the BC was diagnosed. Increased calcium levels were associated with reduced PMD (P = 0.024). Furthermore, PMD was inversely associated with BMI (P < 0.001) and age (P < 0.001). There was also an association between PMD and menopausal status (P < 0.001). The goodness‐of‐fit of the regression model was moderate. This is the first study assessing the association between serum calcium level and PMD. An inverse association with adjusted serum calcium levels was observed. These findings add to previously published data relating to vitamin D, bisphosphonates, denosumab, and the RANK/RANKL signaling pathway in breast cancer risk and prevention.
Gene expression changes of thermo‐sensitive transient receptor potential channels in obese mice
Authors: Sun Wuping , Li Chen , Zhang Yonghong , Jiang Changyu , Zhai Mingzhu , Zhou Qian , Xiao Lizu , Deng Qiwen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAdipose tissues play key roles in energy homeostasis. Brown adipocytes and beige adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) share the similar characters of thermogenesis, both of them could be potential targets for obesity management. Several thermo‐sensitive transient receptor potential channels (thermoTRPs) are shown to be involved in adipocyte biology. However, the expression pattern of thermoTRPs in adipose tissues from obese mice is still unknown. The mRNA expression of thermoTRPs in subcutaneous WAT (sWAT) and interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) from lean and obese mice were measured using reverse transcriptase‐quantitative PCRs (RT‐qPCR). The results demonstrated that all 10 thermoTRPs are expressed in both iBAT and sWAT, and without significant difference in the mRNA expression level of thermoTRPs between these two tissues. Moreover, Trpv1 and Trpv3 mRNA expression levels in both iBAT and sWAT were significantly decreased in high fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice and db/db (leptin receptor deficient) mice. Trpm2 mRNA expression level was significantly decreased only in sWAT from HFD‐induced obese mice and db/db mice. On the other hand, Trpv2 and Trpv4 mRNA expression levels in iBAT and sWAT were significantly increased in HFD‐induced obese mice and db/db mice. Taken together, we conclude that all 10 thermoTRPs are expressed in iBAT and sWAT. And several thermoTRPs differentially expressed in adipose tissues from HFD‐induced obese mice and db/db mice, suggesting a potential involvement in anti‐obesity regulations.
The impact of frailty status on clinical and functional outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in nonagenarians with severe aortic stenosis
Authors: Okoh Alexis K. , Chauhan Dhaval , Kang Nathan , Haik Nicky , Merlo Aurelie , Cohen Mark , Haik Bruce , Chen Chunguang , Russo Mark J. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundThe impact of frailty status on TAVR outcomes in nonagenarians is unknown. The present study aims to investigate the impact of frailty status on procedural outcomes and overall survival in nonagenarians after TAVR.MethodsA frailty score (FS) was derived by using preoperative grip strength, gait speed, serum albumin, and daily activities. Patients were divided into two groups: Frail (FS ≥ 3/4) and Non‐Frail (FS <3/4). Health status was assessed using the 12‐item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ). Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were compared in both groups. The effect of frailty status on outcomes was investigated. Cox regression analyses were performed to determine predictors of overall all‐cause mortality. Kaplan‐Meier survival curves were used to estimate survival.ResultsSeventy‐five patients >90 years underwent full assessment for frailty status. There was a significant improvement in overall health status of non‐frail patients (mean difference: 11.03, P = 0.032). Unadjusted 30‐day and 2‐year mortality rates were higher in the frail group than the non‐frail group. (14% vs. 2% P = 0.059; 31% vs. 9% P = 0.018). Kaplan‐Meier estimated all‐cause mortality to be significantly higher in the frail group (log‐rank test; P = 0.042). Frailty status was independently associated with increased mortality (hazard ratio: 1.84, 95% C.I: 1.06–3.17; P = 0.028) after TAVR.ConclusionAmong nonagenarians selected to undergo TAVR for severe aortic stenosis, a considerable number are frail. Nonfrail patients report a significant improvement in overall health status in the short term. Worse frailty is strongly associated with diminished long‐term survival. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Crystal Packing of the Elusive Pentachlorinated Azafullerene C59NCl5
Authors: Amsharov Konstantin Yu. , Holzwarth Johannes , Roshchyna Kateryna , Sharapa Dmitry I. , Hampel Frank , Hirsch Andreas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report on the synthesis and the structure elucidation of the elusive azafullerene pentachloride C59NCl5, which was obtained by high temperature halogenation of (C59N)2. The exceptionally strong host–guest interaction of the title compound in the solid is discussed.
Dual Gold Catalysis: Bidirectional Processes and Tandem sp3‐C−H Insertion Reactions
Authors: Tšupova Svetlana , Rudolph Matthias , Rominger Frank , Hashmi A. Stephen K. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVarious tetrayne systems were converted under dual gold‐catalyzed conditions. For symmetric tetraalkynyl‐substituted thiophenes, bearing two alkyl‐substituted alkynes and two terminal alkyne units, bidirectional cyclizations led to the efficient formation of dibenzothiophene systems. In all cases, selective CH activation of the C−H bond of the alkyl substituent was observed leading to cyclopentane moieties annelated to the newly formed aromatic cores. If two thiophene moieties were tethered over the attached non‐terminal alkynes, depending on the length of the connecting alkyl tether, either bidirectional processes or tandem processes can be addressed leading to interesting molecular structures, such as spiro compounds or isolated benzothiophenes connected by a C−C bond. Other electron‐rich heterocycles also reacted. While the reactions even worked for some mixed systems, other cases only delivered the products of a mono‐cyclization.
Crown Ether Complexes of Alkali‐Metal Chlorides from SO2
Authors: Reuter Kirsten , Rudel Stefan S. , Buchner Magnus R. , Kraus Florian , von Hänisch Carsten 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe structures of alkali‐metal chloride SO2 solvates (Li–Cs) in conjunction with 12‐crown‐4 or 1,2‐disila‐12‐crown‐4 show strong discrepancies, despite the structural similarity of the ligands. Both types of crown ethers form 1:1 complexes with LiCl to give [Li(1,2‐disila‐12‐crown‐4)(SO2Cl)] (1) and [Li(12‐crown‐4)Cl]⋅4 SO2 (2). However, 1,2‐disila‐12‐crown‐4 proved unable to coordinate cations too large for the cavity diameter, for example, by the formation of sandwich‐type complexes. As a result, 12‐crown‐4 reacts exclusively with the heavier alkali‐metal chlorides NaCl, KCl and RbCl. Compounds [Na(12‐crown‐4)2]Cl⋅4 SO2 (3) and [M(12‐crown‐4)2(SO2)]Cl⋅4 SO2 (4: M=K; 5: M=Rb) all showed S‐coordination to the chloride ions through four SO2 molecules. Compounds 4 and 5 additionally exhibit the first crystallographically confirmed non‐bridging O,O′‐coordination mode of SO2. Unexpectedly, the disila‐crown ether supports the dissolution of RbCl and CsCl in the solvent and gives the homoleptic SO2‐solvated alkali‐metal chlorides [MCl⋅3 SO2] (6: M=Rb; 7: M=Cs), which incorporate bridging μ‐O,O′‐coordinating moieties and the unprecedented side‐on O,O′‐coordination mode. All compounds were characterised by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The crown ether complexes were additionally studied by using NMR spectroscopy, and the presence of SO2 at ambient temperature was revealed by IR spectroscopy of the neat compounds.
A Single‐Step Electrochemical Synthesis of Luminescent WS2 Quantum Dots
Authors: Valappil Manila O. , Anil Athira , Shaijumon Manikoth , Pillai Vijayamohanan K. , Alwarappan Subbiah 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTransition‐metal dichalcogenide quantum dots (TMDQDs) with few layers are in the forefront of recent research on tailored 2D layered materials owing to their unique band structure. Such quantum dots (QDs) draw wide interest as potential candidates for components in optoelectronic devices. Although a few attempts towards single step synthesis of MoS2 QDs have been demonstrated, limited methods are available for WS2 QDs. Herein, we demonstrate a one‐step electrochemical synthesis of luminescent WS2 QDs from their bulk material. This is achieved by a synergistic effect of perchlorate intercalation in non‐aqueous electrolyte and the applied electric field. The average size of the WS2 QDs is 3  ±1 nm (N=102) with few layers. The QDs show a higher photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiency (5 %) and exhibit an excitation wavelength‐dependent photoluminescence. This unprecedented electrochemical avenue offers a strategy to synthesize size tunable WS2 nanostructures, which have been systematically investigated by various characterization techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence and UV/Vis spectroscopies, and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Time‐dependent TEM investigations revealed that time plays a vital role in this electrochemical transformation. This electrochemical transformation provides a facile method to obtain WS2 QDs from their bulk counterpart, which is expected to have a greater impact on the design and development of nanostructures derived from 2D materials.
Combining LC‐OCD analysis with design‐of‐experiments methods to optimize an advanced oxidation process for the treatment of industrial wastewater
Authors: Aghasadeghi Kimia , Csordas Matthew , Peldszus Sigrid , Latulippe David R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAdvanced oxidation (AO) is widely used as a pre‐treatment and/or polishing step for the treatment of wastewater from industrial processes and the destruction of particular contaminants in water sources. It has a high treatment efficacy for many different compounds and thus is ideally suited as a treatment technology for specialized facilities that receive shipments of wastewater from networks of industrial, manufacturing, and commercial facilities. The primary challenge is how to optimize the process because bulk measurements of organic content (e.g. TOC) give no information about the specific composition and specialized advanced analytical techniques (e.g. LC‐MS) are unsuitable due to the complex composition. In this study, a novel combination of design‐of‐experiments (DOE) methods and LC‐OCD analysis was used with actual wastewater samples in order to optimize the AO treatment conditions in terms of chemical reagent concentrations, develop statistical models of the process, and identify potential mechanisms of COD removal. A significant variation in organic content removal was obtained over the range of conditions tested in the DOE method. For example, the percent removal of organic contaminants in the one wastewater sample varied from a low of 36 % to a high of 82 %. Most importantly, it was found that the treatment performance differed quite significantly for wastewater samples of different composition. The results presented in our study prove the need to dynamically optimize the AO treatment conditions for wastewater sources of different origins. Furthermore, by the application of the LC‐OCD analysis a step‐by‐step mechanism of COD removal was postulated.
Cancer‐specific mortality, cure fraction, and noncancer causes of death among diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma patients in the immunochemotherapy era
Authors: Howlader Nadia , Mariotto Angela B. , Besson Caroline , Suneja Gita , Robien Kim , Younes Naji , Engels Eric A. 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDSurvival after the diagnosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) has been increasing since 2002 because of improved therapies; however, long‐term outcomes for these patients in the modern treatment era are still unknown.METHODSUsing Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, this study first assessed factors associated with DLBCL‐specific mortality during 2002‐2012. An epidemiologic risk profile, based on clinical and demographic characteristics, was used to stratify DLBCL cases into low‐, medium‐, and high‐risk groups. The proportions of DLBCL cases that might be considered cured in these 3 risk groups was estimated. Risks of death due to various noncancer causes among DLBCL cases versus the general population were also calculated with standardized mortality ratios (SMRs).RESULTSOverall, 8274 deaths were recorded among 18,047 DLBCL cases; 76% of the total deaths were attributed to DLBCL, and 24% were attributed to noncancer causes. The 10‐year survival rates for the low‐, medium‐, and high‐risk groups were 80%, 60%, and 36%, respectively. The estimated cure proportions for the low‐, medium‐, and high‐risk groups were 73%, 49%, and 27%, respectively; however, these cure estimates were uncertain because of the need to extrapolate the survival curves beyond the follow‐up time. Mortality risks calculated with SMRs were elevated for conditions including vascular diseases (SMR, 1.3), infections (SMR, 3.1), gastrointestinal diseases (SMR, 2.5), and blood diseases (SMR, 4.6). These mortality risks were especially high within the initial 5 years after the diagnosis and declined after 5 years.CONCLUSIONSSome DLBCL patients may be cured of their cancer, but they continue to experience excess mortality from lymphoma and other noncancer causes. Cancer 2017;123:3326‐34. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Increasing colonoscopy screening in disparate populations: Results from an evaluation of patient navigation in the New Hampshire Colorectal Cancer Screening Program
Authors: Rice Ketra , Gressard Lindsay , DeGroff Amy , Gersten Joanne , Robie Janene , Leadbetter Steven , Glover‐Kudon Rebecca , Butterly Lynn 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDTo investigate uniformly successful results from a statewide program of patient navigation (PN) for colonoscopy, this comparison study evaluated the effectiveness of the PN intervention by comparing outcomes for navigated versus non‐navigated patients in one of the community health clinics included in the statewide program. Outcomes measured included screening completion, adequacy of bowel preparation, missed appointments and cancellations, communication of test results, and consistency of follow‐up recommendations with clinical guidelines.METHODSThe authors compared a subset of 131 patients who were navigated to a screening or surveillance colonoscopy with a similar subset of 75 non‐navigated patients at one endoscopy clinic. The prevalence and prevalence odds ratios were computed to measure the association between PN and each study outcome measure.RESULTSPatients in the PN intervention group were 11.2 times more likely to complete colonoscopy than control patients (96.2% vs 69.3%; P<.001), and were 5.9 times more likely to have adequate bowel preparation (P =.010). In addition, intervention patients had no missed appointments compared with 15.6% of control patients, and were 24.8 times more likely to not have a cancellation <24 hours before their appointment (P<.001). All navigated patients and their primary care providers received test results, and all follow‐up recommendations were consistent with clinical guidelines compared with 82.4% of patients in the control group (P<.001).CONCLUSIONSPN appears to be effective for improving colonoscopy screening completion and quality in the disparate populations most in need of intervention. To the best of our knowledge, the results of the current study demonstrate some of the strongest evidence for the effectiveness of PN to date, and highlight its value for public health. Cancer 2017;123:3356‐66. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Practical Considerations When Altering Digital Images
Authors: Sedgewick Jerry 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWorldwide, Adobe Photoshop is the primary means in research for altering images. Training on the use of this powerful tool most often is peer to peer within a laboratory, or it is self‐taught through trial and error. As a result, varying amounts of visual data can be removed unwittingly; contrast‐ and brightness‐enhancement of images can be done without adjusting color and grayscale levels to conform to the output (which includes publication, projection, Web placement, and inclusion into Microsoft Word and Adobe Acrobat); images can be unethically altered; and pixelation can be introduced. Correct methods for use of Adobe Photoshop are outlined in this unit so that these errors can be avoided. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
A Multi‐Parametric Fluorescent Assay for the Screening and Mechanistic Study of Drug‐Induced Steatosis in Liver Cells in Culture
Authors: Tolosa Laia , Gómez‐Lechón M. José , Donato M. Teresa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHuman hepatic cells have been used for drug safety risk evaluations throughout early development phases. They provide rapid, cost‐effective early feedback to identify drug candidates with potential hepatotoxicity. This unit presents a cell‐based assay to evaluate the risk of liver damage associated with steatogenic drugs. Detailed protocols for cell exposure to test compounds and for the assessment of steatosis‐related cell parameters (intracellular lipid content, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial impairment, and cell death) are provided. A few representative results that illustrate the utility of this procedure for the screening of drug‐induced steatosis are shown. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.