bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
YOUNG STARS AND IONIZED NEBULAE IN M83: COMPARING CHEMICAL ABUNDANCES AT HIGH METALLICITY
Authors: Bresolin Fabio , Kudritzki Rolf-Peter , Urbaneja Miguel A. , Gieren Wolfgang , Ho I-Ting , Pietrzyński Grzegorz 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We present spectra of 14 A-type supergiants in the metal-rich spiral galaxy M83. We derive stellar parameters and metallicities and measure a spectroscopic distance modulus

(4.9 ± 0.2 Mpc), in agreement with other methods. We use the stellar characteristic metallicity of M83 and other systems to discuss a version of the galaxy mass–metallicity relation that is independent of the analysis of nebular emission lines and the associated systematic uncertainties. We reproduce the radial metallicity gradient of M83, which flattens at large radii, with a chemical evolution model, constraining gas inflow and outflow processes. We carry out a comparative analysis of the metallicities we derive from the stellar spectra and published H ii region line fluxes, utilizing both the direct,

-based method and different strong-line abundance diagnostics. The direct abundances are in relatively good agreement with the stellar metallicities, once we apply a modest correction to the nebular oxygen abundance due to depletion onto dust. Popular empirically calibrated strong-line diagnostics tend to provide nebular abundances that underestimate the stellar metallicities above the solar value by ∼0.2 dex. This result could be related to difficulties in selecting calibration samples at high metallicity. The O3N2 method calibrated by Pettini and Pagel gives the best agreement with our stellar metallicities. We confirm that metal recombination lines yield nebular abundances that agree with the stellar abundances for high-metallicity systems, but find evidence that in more metal-poor environments they tend to underestimate the stellar metallicities by a significant amount, opposite to the behavior of the direct method.
THE BRIGHT END OF THE z ∼ 9 AND z ∼ 10 UV LUMINOSITY FUNCTIONS USING ALL FIVE CANDELS FIELDS∗
Authors: Bouwens R. J. , Oesch P. A. , Labbé I. , Illingworth G. D. , Fazio G. G. , Coe D. , Holwerda B. , Smit R. , Stefanon M. , Dokkum P. G. van , Trenti M. , Ashby M. L. N. , Huang J.-S. , Spitler L. , Straatman C. , Bradley L. , Magee D. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
The deep, wide-area (∼800–900 arcmin2) near-infrared/WFC3/IR + Spitzer/IRAC observations over the CANDELS fields have been a remarkable resource for constraining the bright end of high-redshift UV luminosity functions. However, the lack of Hubble Space Telescope (HST) 1.05 μm observations over the CANDELS fields has made it difficult to identify z ∼ 9–10 sources robustly, since such data are needed to confirm the presence of an abrupt Lyman break at 1.2 μm. Here, we report on the successful identification of many such z ∼ 9–10 sources from a new HST program (z9-CANDELS) that targets the highest-probability z ∼ 9–10 galaxy candidates with observations at 1.05 μm, to search for a robust Lyman-break at 1.2 μm. The potential z ∼ 9–10 candidates were preselected from the full HST, Spitzer/IRAC S-CANDELS observations, and the deepest-available ground-based optical+near-infrared observations (CFHTLS-DEEP+HUGS+UltraVISTA+ZFOURGE). We identified 15 credible z ∼ 9–10 galaxies over the CANDELS fields. Nine of these galaxies lie at z ∼ 9 and five are new identifications. Our targeted follow-up strategy has proven to be very efficient in making use of scarce HST time to secure a reliable sample of z ∼ 9–10 galaxies. Through extensive simulations, we replicate the selection process for our sample (both the preselection and follow-up) and use it to improve current estimates for the volume density of bright z ∼ 9 and z ∼ 10 galaxies. The volume densities we find are 5

and

lower, respectively, than those found at z ∼ 8. When compared with the best-fit evolution (i.e.,

) in the UV luminosity densities from z ∼ 8 to z ∼ 4 integrated to

(−20 mag), these luminosity densities are

and

lower, respectively, than the extrapolated trends. Our new results are broadly consistent with the “accelerated evolution” scenario at z > 8, consistent with that seen in many models.
DAMPING OF THE MILKY WAY BAR BY MANIFOLD-DRIVEN SPIRALS
Authors: Łokas Ewa L. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We describe a new phenomenon of “bar damping” that may have played an important role in shaping the Milky Way bar and bulge as well as its spiral structure. We use a collisionless N-body simulation of a Milky Way–like galaxy initially composed of a dark matter halo and an exponential disk with a Toomre parameter slightly above unity. In this configuration, dominated by the disk in the center, a bar forms relatively quickly, after 1 Gyr of evolution. This is immediately followed by the formation of two manifold-driven spiral arms and the outflow of stars that modifies the potential in the vicinity of the bar, apparently shifting the position of the L
1/L
2 Lagrange points. This modification leads to the shortening of the bar and the creation of a next generation of manifold-driven spiral arms at a smaller radius. The process repeats itself a few times over the next 0.5 Gyr resulting in further substantial weakening and shortening of the bar. The time when the damping comes to an end coincides with the first buckling episode in the bar that rebuilds the orbital structure so that no more new spiral arms are formed. The morphology of the bar and the spiral structure at this time show remarkable similarity to the present properties of the Milky Way. Later on, the bar starts to grow rather steadily again, weakened only by subsequent buckling episodes occurring at more distant parts of the disk.
A new overall approach to psychosocial risk prevention and well-being development
Authors: Ben Aissa Hazem 
Published: October 2016

L’objectif de cet article de recherche est de proposer une nouvelle démarche de prévention des risques psychosociaux. En s’appuyant sur une méthodologie de recherche-intervention, cette étude présente un nouveau modèle selon trois niveaux : 1) la compréhension des relations entre la santé et le travail ; 2) le développement des leviers d’action au niveau de l’individu et de l’organisation pour réduire les risques psychosociaux ; 3) la mise en place du processus de changement. Cette étude s’appuie sur une intervention au sein d’une entreprise française du bâtiment. Elle présente les différents résultats obtenus suite à la mise en place de cette nouvelle démarche de prévention des risques psychosociaux.
Blood Stem Cell Activity Is Arrested by Th1-Mediated Injury Preventing Engraftment following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning
Authors: Müller Antonia M. S. , Florek Mareike , Kohrt Holbrook E. K. , Küpper Natascha J. , Filatenkov Alexander , Linderman Jessica A. , Hadeiba Husein , Negrin Robert S. , Shizuru Judith A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
T cells are widely used to promote engraftment of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) during an allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Their role in overcoming barriers to HSC engraftment is thought to be particularly critical when patients receive reduced doses of preparative chemotherapy and/or radiation compared with standard transplantations. In this study, we sought to delineate the effects CD4+ cells on engraftment and blood formation in a model that simulates clinical hematopoietic cell transplantation by transplanting MHC-matched, minor histocompatibility–mismatched grafts composed of purified HSCs, HSCs plus bulk T cells, or HSCs plus T cell subsets into mice conditioned with low-dose irradiation. Grafts containing conventional CD4+ T cells caused marrow inflammation and inhibited HSC engraftment and blood formation. Posttransplantation, the marrows of HSCs plus CD4+ cell recipients contained IL-12–secreting CD11c+ cells and IFN-γ–expressing donor Th1 cells. In this setting, host HSCs arrested at the short-term stem cell stage and remained in the marrow in a quiescent cell cycling state (G0). As a consequence, donor HSCs failed to engraft and hematopoiesis was suppressed. Our data show that Th1 cells included in a hematopoietic allograft can negatively impact HSC activity, blood reconstitution, and engraftment of donor HSCs. This potential negative effect of donor T cells is not considered in clinical transplantation in which bulk T cells are transplanted. Our findings shed new light on the effects of CD4+ T cells on HSC biology and are applicable to other pathogenic states in which immune activation in the bone marrow occurs such as aplastic anemia and certain infectious conditions.
Mathematical Imaging and Surface Processing
Authors: Chambolle Antonin , Rumpf Martin , Schröder Peter 
Published: October 2016

Within the last decade image and geometry processing have become increasingly rigorous with solid foundations in mathematics. Both areas are research fields at the intersection of different mathematical disciplines, ranging from geometry and calculus of variations to PDE analysis and numerical analysis. The workshop brought together scientists from all these areas and a fruitful interplay took place. There was a lively exchange of ideas between geometry and image processing applications areas, characterized in a number of ways in this workshop. For example, optimal transport, first applied in computer vision is now used to define a distance measure between 3d shapes, spectral analysis as a tool in image processing can be applied in surface classification and matching, and so on. We have also seen the use of Riemannian geometry as a powerful tool to improve the analysis of multivalued images.
This volume collects the abstracts for all the presentations covering this wide spectrum of tools and application domains.
Animal Husbandry Practices and Perceptions of Zoonotic Infectious Disease Risks Among Livestock Keepers in a Rural Parish of Quito, Ecuador
Authors: Lowenstein Christopher , Waters William F. , Roess Amira , Leibler Jessica H. , Graham Jay P. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Small-scale livestock production plays an essential role as a source of income and nutrition for households in low- and middle-income countries, yet these practices can also increase risk of zoonotic infectious diseases, especially among young children. To mitigate this risk, there is a need to better understand how livestock producers perceive and manage risks of disease transmission. Twenty semistructured, in-depth interviews were conducted with small-scale livestock producers in a semirural parish of Quito, Ecuador. Interviews explored livestock-raising practices, including animal health-care practices and use of antimicrobials, family members' interactions with livestock and other animals, and perceptions of health risk associated with these practices and activities. Interviews were analyzed for common themes. Awareness of zoonotic disease transmission was widespread, yet few study participants considered raising livestock a significant health risk for themselves or their families. Several study households reported handling and consuming meat or poultry from sick or dead animals and using animal waste as a fertilizer on their crops. Households typically diagnosed and treated their sick animals, occasionally seeking treatment advice from employees of local animal feed stores where medications, including antimicrobials, are available over the counter. Despite a basic understanding of zoonotic disease risk, this study identified several factors, such as the handling and consumption of sick and dead animals and purchasing medications for sick animals over the counter, that potentially increase the risk of zoonotic disease transmission as well as the development and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Educating Educational Leaders in a Blended Professional Doctorate Program: An Initial Action Research Inquiry
Authors: Strom Kathryn , Porfilio Bradley , Plough Bobbie 
Published: October 2016

This paper describes the first cycle of an action research study investigating the impact of new blended learning courses in a professional doctorate program, the results of which will inform future course planning and pedagogy. Specifically, core researcher-faculty members associated with the program were interested in understanding how a blended learning program impacted students’ learning experiences. In our findings from this initial inquiry, we detail both constraining and enabling elements of the hybrid experiences provided to students. We also describe the revised action plan created from these findings to improve our ability to utilize the online portion of our doctoral coursework to meet our larger goals of preparing educational leaders to fight for issues of social justice in K-12 settings and beyond.
Patternless light outcoupling enhancement method for top-emission organic light-emitting diodes
Authors: Kim Doo-Hoon , Lee Ho-Nyeon 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
An increase of 65% in the luminous flux of a top-emission organic light-emitting diode (TE-OLED) was obtained by fabricating a stacked N,N′-bis(naphthalen-1-yl)-N,N′-bis(phenyl)benzidine (NPB) (0.2 µm)/CaF2 (2.5 µm) light outcoupling layer on the TE-OLED. The high-refractive-index NPB layer extracted the trapped light energy in the TE-OLED for input into the light outcoupling layer and protected the top cathode of the TE-OLED from damage due to the CaF2 layer. The surface morphology of the CaF2 layer had an irregular shape consisting of randomly dispersed pyramids; the irregular structure scattered the waveguide mode energy into air. By combining the effects of the NPB and CaF2 layers, the external quantum efficiency of the TE-OLED was increased significantly. The light outcoupling layer can be fabricated using a thermal evaporation process without patterning and, hence, provides a practical solution for the enhancement of TE-OLED light outcoupling using a patternless fabrication process.
Effect of orthodontic debonding and residual adhesive removal on 3D enamel microroughness
Authors: Janiszewska-Olszowska Joanna , Tomkowski Robert , Tandecka Katarzyna , Stepien Piotr , Szatkiewicz Tomasz , Sporniak-Tutak Katarzyna , Grocholewicz Katarzyna 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundTermination of fixed orthodontic treatment is associated with bracket debonding and residual adhesive removal. These procedures increase enamel roughness to a degree that should depend on the tool used. Enamel roughening may be associated with bacterial retention and staining. However, a very limited data exists on the alteration of 3D enamel roughness resulting from the use of different tools for orthodontic clean-up.Aims1. To perform a precise assessment of 3D enamel surface roughness resulting from residual adhesive removal following orthodontic debonding molar tubes.2. To compare enamel surfaces resulting from the use of tungsten carbide bur, a one-step polisher and finisher and Adhesive Residue Remover.Material and MethodsBuccal surfaces of forty-five extracted human third molars were analysed using a confocal laser microscope at the magnification of 1080× and 3D roughness parameters were calculated. After 20 s etching, molar tubes were bonded, the teeth were stored in 0.9% saline solution for 24 hours and debonded. Residual adhesive was removed using in fifteen specimen each: a twelve-fluted tungsten carbide bur, a one-step finisher and polisher and Adhesive Residue Remover. Then, surface roughness analysis was repeated. Data normality was assessed using Shapiro–Wilk test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare between variables of normal distribution and for the latter—Kruskal-Wallis test.ResultsSa (arithmetical mean height) was significantly different between the groups (p= 0, 01326); the smoothest and most repeatable surfaces were achieved using Adhesive Residue Remover. Similarly, Sq (root mean square height of the scale-limited surface) had the lowest and most homogenous values for Adhesive Residue Remover (p= 0, 01108). Sz (maximum height of the scale-limited surface) was statistically different between the groups (p= 0, 0327), however no statistically significant differences were found concerning Ssk (skewness of the scale-limited surface).DiscussionConfocal laser microscopy allowed 3D surface analysis of enamel surface, avoiding the limitations of contact profilometry. Tungsten carbide burs are the most popular adhesive removing tools, however, the results of the present study indicate, that a one step polisher and finisher as well as Adhesive Residue Remover are less detrimental to the enamel. This is in agreement with a recent study based on direct 3D scanning enamel surface. It proved, that a one-step finisher and polisher as well as Adhesive Residue Remover are characterized by a similar effectiveness in removing residual remnants as tungsten carbide bur, but they remove significantly less enamel.ConclusionOrthodontic debonding and removal of adhesive remnants increases enamel roughness. The smoothest surfaces were achieved using Adhesive Residue Remover, and the roughest using tungsten carbide bur.
Monte Carlo simulation of OLS and linear mixed model inference of phenotypic effects on gene expression
Authors: Walker Jeffrey A. 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundSelf-contained tests estimate and test the association between a phenotype and mean expression level in a gene set defineda priori. Many self-contained gene set analysis methods have been developed but the performance of these methods for phenotypes that are continuous rather than discrete and with multiple nuisance covariates has not been well studied. Here, I use Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the performance of both novel and previously published (and readily available via R) methods for inferring effects of a continuous predictor on mean expression in the presence of nuisance covariates. The motivating data are a high-profile dataset which was used to show opposing effects of hedonic and eudaimonic well-being (or happiness) on the mean expression level of a set of genes that has been correlated with social adversity (the CTRA gene set). The original analysis of these data used a linear model (GLS) of fixed effects with correlated error to infer effects ofHedoniaandEudaimoniaon mean CTRA expression.MethodsThe standardized effects ofHedoniaandEudaimoniaon CTRA gene set expression estimated by GLS were compared to estimates using multivariate (OLS) linear models and generalized estimating equation (GEE) models. The OLS estimates were tested using O’Brien’s OLS test, Anderson’s permutation ${r}_{F}^{2}$-test, two permutationF-tests (including GlobalAncova), and a rotationz-test (Roast). The GEE estimates were tested using a Wald test with robust standard errors. The performance (Type I, II, S, and M errors) of all tests was investigated using a Monte Carlo simulation of data explicitly modeled on the re-analyzed dataset.ResultsGLS estimates are inconsistent between data sets, and, in each dataset, at least one coefficient is large and highly statistically significant. By contrast, effects estimated by OLS or GEE are very small, especially relative to the standard errors. Bootstrap and permutation GLS distributions suggest that the GLS results in downward biased standard errors and inflated coefficients. The Monte Carlo simulation of error rates shows highly inflated Type I error from the GLS test and slightly inflated Type I error from the GEE test. By contrast, Type I error for all OLS tests are at the nominal level. The permutationF-tests have ∼1.9X the power of the other OLS tests. This increased power comes at a cost of high sign error (∼10%) if tested on small effects.DiscussionThe apparently replicated pattern of well-being effects on gene expression is most parsimoniously explained as “correlated noise” due to the geometry of multiple regression. The GLS for fixed effects with correlated error, or any linear mixed model for estimating fixed effects in designs with many repeated measures or outcomes, should be used cautiously because of the inflated Type I and M error. By contrast, all OLS tests perform well, and the permutationF-tests have superior performance, including moderate power for very small effects.
Kinetic Study of the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Oil-Containing Waste
Authors: Chalov Kirill , Lugovoy Yury , Kosivtsov Yury , Sulman Mikhail , Sulman Esther , Valentina Matveeva Valentina Matveeva , Stepacheva Antonina 
Published: October 2016

Basing on the experimental data the optimal parameters of the pyrolysis of heavy and residual hydrocarbons of oil were defined as follows: temperature of 500 °С; catalyst of CoCl2 with the catalyst loading 5% (wt.) of the substrate weight. Under the optimal conditions the kinetic investigation of the pyrolysis process was carried out using the thermogravimetric method. According to the investigation, it was found that the activation energy of the catalytic pyrolysis of oil-containing waste decreased by 20-30 kJ/mol in comparison to non-catalytic process.
Ideological crests versus empirical troughs: John Herschel's and William Radcliffe Birt's research on atmospheric waves, 1843–50
Authors: JANKOVIC VLADIMIR 
Published: July 2002

The year was 1843, and the theme of English meteorology was measurement. Sir ‘Thunder-and-lightning’ William Snow Harris was given his last British Association for the Advancement of Science grant to complete the Plymouth series of over 120,000 thermometric observations, publication of which proved a costly venture, not least because the series implied no meteorological theory whatsoever.In July of that year, however, John Herschel wrote to William Radcliffe Birt that the atmosphere might be considered ‘a vehicle for wave like movement which may embrace in their single swell & fall a whole quadrant of a globe’. The idea of ‘atmospheric wave’, thought Herschel, might well make sense of the odd series of London barometric readings made in September 1836, but, more significantly, it might also lead towards solving the notorious ‘storm controversy’ of the 1830s between the American meteorologists William Redfield and James Pollard Espy. If Birt would accept, Herschel would propose him to the British Association as the director of the new project to discover laws of weather behaviour.
Robert Boyle (1627–91): a suitable case for treatment?
Authors: HUNTER MICHAEL 
Published: July 2002

It is hard to think of a better subject for the exercise of retrospective analysis with which
we are here concerned than Robert Boyle, the leading British scientist of his day, and
arguably the most significant before Newton. A prolific and influential author, Boyle was
lionized in his time both for his scientific achievement and for his piety and philanthropy.
Of late, he has been the subject of attention from a variety of viewpoints which, as we shall
see, raises the issue of how he is best understood. In particular, I want to argue that, for
all his eminence, there are complications about Boyle's personality that cry out for
scrutiny, and it is on the implications of these that I will dwell in the latter stages of my
paper.Boyle was born into one of the most privileged aristocratic families in England. His
father, Richard Boyle, Earl of Cork, was Lord High Treasurer of Ireland before the Civil
War, and Robert, the youngest – and, as he himself claimed, favourite – son, was brought
up in an opulent, privileged setting, surrounded by servants and with an entrée at the royal
court. His elder brothers were suave and active figures, only too ready to be involved in
the fighting of the Civil War – in which one, Viscount Kinalmeaky, was killed, though two
others, Lords Dungarvan and Broghill, survived to go on to high state office under both
Cromwell and Charles II. This background undoubtedly had a significant influence on
Boyle, giving him an aristocratic demeanour to which his contemporaries almost
automatically deferred. It also made him familiar with the mindless social milieu of landed
society, in which it was all too easy (in Boyle's own words) to ‘squander away a whole
afternoone in tatling of this Ladys Face & tother Lady's Clothes; of this Lords being
Drunke & that Lord's Clap; in telling how this Gentleman's horse outrun that other's
Mare’.