bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multitemporal monitoring of a coastal landslide through SfM‐derived point cloud comparison
Authors: Esposito Giuseppe , Salvini Riccardo , Matano Fabio , Sacchi Marco , Danzi Maria , Somma Renato , Troise Claudia 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMonitoring of geomorphic changes affecting sea cliffs poses a difficult challenge from a logistical point of view. Nevertheless, this activity is fundamental for the evaluation of cliff recession rates and the assessment of risk conditions affecting coastal settlements. Innovative geomatics techniques provide a valid contribution to detect cliff topographic modifications induced by erosion or landslide processes. This study presents a photogrammetric approach based on structure from motion (SfM) aimed at monitoring the geomorphic evolution of a coastal landslide that displaced about 40 000 m3 of material in southern Italy. The landslide was monitored for more than two years, comparing multitemporal 3D point clouds derived from SfM. The results of change detection analysis allowed quantifying the volumes of rocks and unconsolidated sediments mobilised by erosion processes after the main failure, and developing a sediment budget. The study highlighted the high erodibility of collapsed material, as well as the suitability of the adopted techniques for 3D change detection analyses.
Sperm preparation through Sephadex™ filtration improves in vitro fertilization rate of buffalo oocytes
Authors: Husna AU , Azam A , Qadeer S , Awan MA , Nasreen S , Shahzad Q , Fouladi‐Nashta A , Khalid M , Akhter S 
Published: December 2017

ContentsRoutinely, swim‐up method is used to separate high‐quality sperm; however, long processing time and close cell‐to‐cell contact during the centrifugation step are inevitable elements of oxidative stress to sperm. The objective was to evaluate Sephadex™ and glass wool filtration to separate motile, intact and viable sperm for in vitro fertilization in buffalo. The cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) were collected from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes by aspiration and matured for 24 hr in CO2 incubator at 38.5°C and 5% CO2. Matured COCs were rinsed twice in fertilization TALP and placed in the pre‐warmed fertilization medium without sperm. Cryopreserved buffalo semen was thawed at 37°C for 30 s and processed through Sephadex™, glass wool filtration and swim‐up (control). Total and motile sperm recovery rates were assessed, resuspended in fertilization TALP and incubated for 15–20 min in CO2 incubator. Samples prepared by each method were divided into two aliquots: one aliquot was studied for sperm quality (progressive motility, membrane integrity, viability, liveability), while the other was subjected to co‐incubation with sets of 10–15 in vitro matured oocytes. Data on sperm quality were analysed by ANOVA, while in vitro fertilizing rates were compared by chi‐squared test using SPSS‐20. Least significant difference (LSD) test was used to compare treatment means. Glass wool filtration yielded higher total and motile sperm recovery rate, while Sephadex™ filtration improved (p < .05) sperm quality (progressive motility, membrane integrity, viability, liveability). Sperm preparation through Sephadex filtration yielded higher in vitro fertilization rate in terms of cleavage rate compared to glass wool filtration and swim‐up (control). In conclusion, cryopreserved Nili‐Ravi buffalo sperm selected through Sephadex filtration showed improved quality and yielded better fertilization rates (cleavage rate) of in vitro matured/fertilized oocytes. Sephadex filtration could be a promising technique for use in in vitro fertilization in buffalo.
Therapeutic potential of amniotic fluid stem cells to treat bilateral ovarian dystrophy in dairy cows in a subtropical region
Authors: Chang L‐B , Peng S‐Y , Chou C‐J , Chen Y‐J , Shiu J‐S , Tu P‐A , Gao S‐X , Chen Y‐C , Lin T‐K , Wu S‐C 
Published: December 2017

ContentsAmniotic fluid is a rich source of multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) have become a new source of stem cells; they have low immunogenicity and are easily harvested. For this reason, they may be useful in clinical tissue engineering. Moreover, AFSCs have anti‐inflammatory properties and can repair tissues. This study evaluated the utility of AFSC injection to treat bilateral ovarian dystrophy in Holstein‐Friesian cows. Bovine AFSCs (BAFSCs) were collected at slaughter from Holstein‐Friesian cows during the third or fourth month of pregnancy and cultured in vitro. The BAFSCs began to show a fibroblast‐like morphology. They were positive for β‐integrin, CD44, CD73, CD106 and Oct4 and negative for CD34 and CD45. After induction, the cells differentiated into mesodermal lineages. Bilateral ovarian dystrophy was confirmed by ultrasonography in 16 lactating cows. The subsequent experiment lasted 15 weeks. Serum was collected weekly to analyse progesterone concentrations, and weekly ultrasonography recorded ovarian changes. Each cow was equipped with an automatic heat detection system to facilitate oestrus observation and breeding records. The progesterone concentration of two cows in the treatment group (25%) significantly increased during weeks 10–15. On ultrasonography, the treatment group demonstrated mature follicles after BAFSCs injection, and foetuses were visualized approximately 40 days after artificial insemination (AI). Oestrus rates in the control and treatment groups were 0% (0/8) and 50% (4/8), respectively; pregnancy rates were 0% (0/8) and 25% (2/8), respectively. Calves were successfully delivered in both cases of pregnancy. These results show that BAFSCs can alleviate bovine ovarian dystrophy and restore fertility.
Likelihood of pulmonary hypertension in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
Authors: Jacob Joseph , Bartholmai Brian J. , Rajagopalan Srinivasan , Karwoski Ronald , Nair Arjun , Walsh Simon L.F. , Barnett Joseph , Cross Gary , Judge Eoin P. , Kokosi Maria , Renzoni Elisabetta , Maher Toby M. , Wells Athol U. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveThis study evaluated whether patients with combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) have an increased likelihood of pulmonary hypertension (PHT) when compared with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients without emphysema.MethodsTwo consecutive IPF populations having undergone transthoracic echocardiography were examined (n = 223 and n = 162). Emphysema and interstitial lung disease (ILD) extent were quantified visually; ILD extent was also quantified by a software tool, CALIPER. Echocardiographic criteria categorized PHT risk.ResultsThe prevalence of an increased PHT likelihood was 29% and 31% in each CPFE cohort. Survival at 12 months was 60% across both CPFE cohorts with no significantly worsened outcome identified when compared with IPF patients without emphysema.Using logistic regression models in both cohorts, total computed tomography (CT) disease extent (ILD and emphysema) predicted the likelihood of PHT. After adjustment for total disease extent, CPFE had no stronger association with PHT likelihood than IPF patients without emphysema.ConclusionOur findings indicate that the reported association between CPFE and PHT is explained by the summed baseline CT extents of ILD and emphysema. Once baseline severity is taken into account, CPFE is not selectively associated with a malignant microvascular phenotype, when compared with IPF patients without emphysema.
Mortality in patients with community‐onset pneumonia at low risk of drug‐resistant pathogens: Impact of β‐lactam plus macrolide combination therapy
Authors: Okumura Junya , Shindo Yuichiro , Takahashi Kunihiko , Sano Masahiro , Sugino Yasuteru , Yagi Tetsuya , Taniguchi Hiroyuki , Saka Hideo , Matsui Shigeyuki , Hasegawa Yoshinori ,   on behalf of the Central Japan Lung Study Group
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveDrug‐resistant pathogen (DRP) risk stratification is important for choosing a treatment strategy for community‐onset pneumonia. Evidence for benefits of non‐antipseudomonal β‐lactam plus macrolide combination therapy (BLM) on mortality is limited in patients at low DRP risk. Risk factors for mortality remain to be clarified.MethodsPost hoc analysis using a prospective multicentre study cohort of community‐onset pneumonia was performed to assess 30‐day differences in mortality between non‐antipseudomonal β‐lactam monotherapy (BL) and BLM groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the therapeutic effect and risk factors for mortality in patients at low DRP risk.ResultsIn total, 594 patients with community‐onset pneumonia at low DRP risk (369 BL and 225 BLM) were analysed. The 30‐day mortality in BL and BLM was 13.8% and 1.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that BLM reduced the 30‐day mortality (adjusted odds ratio: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.09–0.87) compared with BL. Independent prognostic factors for 30‐day mortality included arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) > 50 mm Hg, white blood cell count < 4000/mm3, non‐ambulatory status, albumin < 3.0 g/dL, haematocrit < 30%, age ≥ 80 years, respiratory rate > 25/min and body temperature < 36°C.ConclusionIn patients with community‐onset pneumonia at low DRP risk, BLM treatment reduced 30‐day mortality compared with BL. Independent risk factors for mortality are potential confounding factors when assessing antibiotic effects in randomized clinical trials.
The Essential Elements of a Risk Governance Framework for Current and Future Nanotechnologies
Authors: Stone Vicki , Führ Martin , Feindt Peter H. , Bouwmeester Hans , Linkov Igor , Sabella Stefania , Murphy Finbarr , Bizer Kilian , Tran Lang , Ågerstrand Marlene , Fito Carlos , Andersen Torben , Anderson Diana , Bergamaschi Enrico , Cherrie John W. , Cowan Sue , Dalemcourt Jean‐Francois , Faure Michael , Gabbert Silke , Gajewicz Agnieszka , Fernandes Teresa F. , Hristozov Danail , Johnston Helinor J. , Lansdown Terry C. , Linder Stefan , Marvin Hans J. P. , Mullins Martin , Purnhagen Kai , Puzyn Tomasz , Sanchez Jimenez Araceli , Scott‐Fordsmand Janeck J. , Streftaris George , van Tongeren Martie , Voelcker Nicolas H. , Voyiatzis George , Yannopoulos Spyros N. , Poortvliet P. Marijn 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSocieties worldwide are investing considerable resources into the safe development and use of nanomaterials. Although each of these protective efforts is crucial for governing the risks of nanomaterials, they are insufficient in isolation. What is missing is a more integrative governance approach that goes beyond legislation. Development of this approach must be evidence based and involve key stakeholders to ensure acceptance by end users. The challenge is to develop a framework that coordinates the variety of actors involved in nanotechnology and civil society to facilitate consideration of the complex issues that occur in this rapidly evolving research and development area. Here, we propose three sets of essential elements required to generate an effective risk governance framework for nanomaterials. (1) Advanced tools to facilitate risk‐based decision making, including an assessment of the needs of users regarding risk assessment, mitigation, and transfer. (2) An integrated model of predicted human behavior and decision making concerning nanomaterial risks. (3) Legal and other (nano‐specific and general) regulatory requirements to ensure compliance and to stimulate proactive approaches to safety. The implementation of such an approach should facilitate and motivate good practice for the various stakeholders to allow the safe and sustainable future development of nanotechnology.
Quality management of a massive transfusion protocol
Authors: Hess John R. , Ramos Patrick J. , Sen Nina E. , Cruz‐Cody Virginia G. , Tuott Erin E. , Louzon Max J. , Bulger Eileen M. , Arbabi Saman , Pagano Monica B. , Metcalf Ryan A. 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDMassive transfusion is a response to massive uncontrolled hemorrhage. To be effective, it must be timely and address the patient's needs for blood volume, oxygen transport, and hemostasis.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSA review was performed on all activations of the massive transfusion protocol (MTP) in a hospital with large emergency medicine, trauma, and vascular surgery programs. Indications, transfused amounts, and outcomes were determined for each MTP event to determine appropriateness of MTP use. Results are presented as descriptive statistics, categorical associations, and simple linear trend relationships.RESULTSThe MTP was activated 309 times in 2016. Of these episodes, 237 were for trauma, 29 for gastrointestinal bleeding, 16 for ruptured abdominal aortic aneurisms, and 25 for a variety of other causes. Trauma‐related MTP activations had a mean injury severity score of 32. Blood use averaged 6.6 units of red blood cells (RBCs), 6.5 units of plasma, and 1.2 units of apheresis platelets. Fourteen activations ended without the administration of any blood products, and 45 (14%) did not meet the critical administration threshold of three components. Only 60 (19%) activations met the historic definition of massive with at least 10 units of RBCs administered. Mortality was 15% for the trauma‐related activations.CONCLUSIONSMassive transfusion protocol activations were frequent and conducted with high fidelity to the 1:1:1 unit ratio standard. Making blood components available quickly was associated with low rates of total component usage and low mortality for trauma patients and was not associated with overuse.
Modeling the effect of platelet concentrate supernatants on endothelial cells: focus on endocan/ESM‐1
Authors: Tariket Sofiane , Sut Caroline , Arthaud Charles‐Antoine , Eyraud Marie‐Ange , Meneveaux Astrid , Laradi Sandrine , Hamzeh‐Cognasse Hind , Garraud Olivier , Cognasse Fabrice 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDPlatelets (PLTs) are prone to activation and the release of biologic response modifiers (BRMs) under storage conditions. The transfusion inflammatory reaction in the vascular compartment involves endothelial cell activation due to cell–cell interactions and BRMs infused with the blood products. Endocan/ESM‐1 is a proteoglycan secreted by endothelial cells under the control of proinflammatory cytokines. We aimed to measure endocan activity in supernatants of PLT components (PCs), implicated in serious adverse reactions (SARs) or not (no.AR), sampled at different stages during storage.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSPLT function, by quantification of soluble CD62P, and their ability to produce endocan were assessed. Functional testing of PC supernatants was performed on EA.hy926 endothelial cells in vitro by exposing them to PC supernatants from each group (no.AR or SARs); EA.hy926 activation was evaluated by their production of interleukin (IL)‐6 and endocan.RESULTSPLT endocan secretion was not induced in response to PLT surface molecule agonists, and no significant correlation was observed between sCD62P and endocan concentration after PLT activation. However, we observed a significant increase in the secretion of IL‐6 and endocan after EA.hy926 activation by all PC supernatants. IL‐6 and endocan secretion were significantly higher for cells stimulated with SAR than those stimulated with no.AR PC supernatants, as well as cell apoptosis.CONCLUSIONThe correlation between the secretion of endocan and that of IL‐6 by endothelial cells suggests that endocan can be used as a predictive marker of inflammation for the quality assessment of transfusion grade PLTs.
Postauthorization safety study of Clottafact®, a triply secured fibrinogen concentrate in acquired fibrinogen deficiency: a prospective observational study
Authors: Négrier C. , Ducloy‐Bouthors A.‐S. , Piriou V. , De Maistre E. , Stieltjes N. , Borel‐Derlon A. , Colson P. , Picard J. , Lambert T. , Claeyssens S. , Boileau S. , Bertrand A. , André M.‐H. , Fourrier F. , Ozier Y. , Sié P. , Gruel Y. , Tellier Z. 
Published: December 2017

Background and ObjectivesA postauthorization safety study was performed between 2009 and 2012 to describe the use of Clottafact® in acquired fibrinogen deficiency in real‐life medical practice in France.Materials and MethodsOne hundred and fifty patients were planned for 28 days of prospective follow‐up after infusion. The analysis of this observational study was descriptive and performed according to the type of treatment (curative or preventive) and the origin of the bleed.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐six patients (16–87 years) were included in 13 centres and treated in five different medical bleeding situations: postpartum (59), other gynaecological/obstetrical (6), trauma (34), liver (13), cardiovascular (23) and other various bleeding situations (21). The mean follow‐up time was 18·9 ± 12·3 days. Two patients presented adverse drug reactions: one a pulmonary embolism and the other a four‐site venous thromboembolic episode. All were serious with a dubious causal relationship with the study treatment. Efficacy data were collected as a secondary objective. In 150 patients receiving curative treatment, 117 of 159 infusions (73·6%) were considered as successful by the investigators, 35 as moderate (22%) and seven as no response (4·4%).ConclusionThe Clottafact® safety profile observed during the study matched the known profile of fibrinogen during use.
Complications associated with surgical dehorning in goats: A retrospective study of 239 cases
Authors: Hartnack Amanda K. , Jordan Molly E. , Roussel Allen J. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis article describes complications following surgical dehorning of goats.Study designRetrospective. Medical records of goats that underwent surgical dehorning were reviewed.AnimalsTwo hundred thirty‐nine goats.MethodsThe medical records of 239 goats, not previously dehorned by other methods, that were cosmetically dehorned between January 2006 and April 2016, were reviewed. Data retrieved from the medical records included breed, weight, the surgeon performing the procedure, intraoperative complications, and the occurrence of return visits to the teaching hospital because of complications related to the dehorning procedure. The owner of record then completed a standard questionnaire during a telephone interview.ResultsOne or more complications following the surgical dehorning procedure were reported in 93/239 (38.91%) of goats. Complications were divided into major and minor categories. Eighty‐four of 239 goats (35.14%) had minor complications, 3/239 goats (1.26%) experienced major complications, and 6/239 (2.51%) had both major and minor complications. The mean weight of goats with complications was 29.73 kg compared to 24.91 kg for goats without complications. This difference was statistically significant (P = .015).ConclusionSurgical dehorning of goats results in a high rate of complications; however, the majority of these complications are minor and do not affect health and performance of the goats. Goats experiencing complications weighed significantly more than goats without complications.Clinical significanceSurgical dehorning of goats requires minimal aftercare and results in a low rate of serious complications.
Los fines del derecho internacional penal
Authors: Olasolo Alonso Héctor 
Published: December 2017

<p>El derecho internacional penal, DIP, requiere elaborar un marco teórico sólido sobre los fines a los que se dirige, porque desde la década de 1990 es aplicado de manera constante por tribunales nacionales e internacionales. Las especiales características del DIP hacen que no le sean fácilmente trasladables los fines propios del derecho penal nacional. En consecuencia, para determinar su contenido es necesario explorar la naturaleza de los bienes jurídicos protegidos por las principales categorías de delitos que lo conforman, y la función que cumple la pena en el DIP.</p>
Optimizing the incorporation of aloe vera in yacon (smallanthus sonchifolius poepp. & endl.) Through vacuum impregnation using response surface
Authors: Oblitas Cruz Jimy Frank , Rojas Gutierrez Erika Liliana 
Published: December 2017

Objectives: The aim of this research was to optimize the parameters for the vacuum impregnation of aloe vera into dried yacon (Smallanthus sonchifolius Poepp. & Endl.) flakes.
Methodology: A surface response methodology was use to evaluate the product optimization. Matrix engineering, using a vacuum impregnation technique, was employed to incorporate components with physiological activity into the pores present in the yacon flakes. An orange pulp yacon was used as the starting material and Aloe Gold Seal-Natural 200X (AGS) was used for the impregnate solution. A solution of 15 g/100 ml Natural aloe 200X Gold Seal-yacon was used to impregnate yacon samples measuring 40 mm in diameter and 5 mm thick. The results show an average impregnation of 0.0721 m3 of solution/ m3 fresh fruit and an effective porosity of 18.97%; the amount of aloe vera incorporated in the food matrix was between 22.5 and 54.6 mg/100g sample. Optimized parameters were identified as 451.777 mbar and 22.0711 minutes.
Results: From the results, it is concluded that yacon is an excellent raw material for vacuum impregnation of aloe vera.
Aproximaciones ideológicas a la reforma constitucional de 1910
Authors: Coral Lucero James Iván 
Published: December 2017

El objetivo del artículo es hacer un análisis de las diferentes ideologías que dieron origen a la reforma constitucional de 1910 en Colombia y determinar cuáles fueron los principales cambios que se presentaron frente a la Constitución de 1886, tanto en su parte orgánica como dogmática. Con el fin hacer un estudio de los cambios en la parte orgánica, se tomaron como referencia tres temas sobre los cuales hubo un mayor debate durante la Asamblea Constituyente, estos son: facultades del presidente de la república, independencia judicial y organización territorial. Por su parte, los temas sobre los cambios en la parte dogmática giran en torno a la ampliación de derechos civiles y la prohibición de la pena de muerte. La metodología utilizada es el estudio de la influencia de las ideologías en los cambios que se mencionaron y la comparación detallada de los textos constitucionales. El resultado de la investigación demuestra que hubo un cambio de ideología y con este una vuelta hacia la restitución de una democracia más amplia en un sentido institucional, así como un mayor respeto por los derechos ciudadanos y civiles. El aporte del artículo es mostrar que la reforma de 1910 cambió la visión que tenía la Constitución de 1886 y abrió varios canales democráticos.