bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Survey of neurodevelopmental allied health teams in Australian and New Zealand neonatal nurseries: Staff profile and standardised neurobehavioural/neurological assessment
Authors: Allinson Leesa G , Doyle Lex W , Denehy Linda , Spittle Alicia J 
Published: March 2017

AimsThe primary aim of this study was to establish how many neonatal nurseries in Australia and New Zealand had a neurodevelopmental allied health team, to ascertain the disciplines involved, their qualifications and experience. The secondary aim was to evaluate which standardised neurobehavioural/neurological assessments were currently being implemented, and the existing practice in relation to their use.MethodsA descriptive cross‐sectional survey, sampling 179 eligible public and private hospital neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) and special care nurseries (SCNs) throughout Australia and New Zealand, was purpose‐developed and administered electronically from the 5th April to 23rd July 2013.ResultsA total of 117 units (65%) overall, and 26 of 26 (100%) NICUs responded to the survey. NICUs had more neurodevelopmental allied health staff than SCNs, with physiotherapists and speech pathologists the most common disciplines. Physiotherapists were more likely to administer standardised neurobehavioural/neurological assessments in NICUs, while medical staff were more likely to do so in SCNs. A wide variety of standardised neurobehavioural/neurological assessment tools were used, with Prechtl's General Movements Assessment the most common in the NICUs (50%) and the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination the most common in the special care units (25%). Standardised neurobehavioural assessments were not administered in 22% of SCNs.ConclusionsAlthough neurodevelopmental allied health teams and standardised neurobehavioural/neurological assessments are valued by many, there was little consistency across Australian and New Zealand neonatal nurseries.
The selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 antagonist mavoglurant (AFQ056) reduces the incidence of reflux episodes in dogs and patients with moderate to severe gastroesophageal reflux disease
Authors: Rouzade‐Dominguez M.‐L. , Pezous N. , David O. J. , Tutuian R. , Bruley des Varannes S. , Tack J. , Malfertheiner P. , Allescher H.‐D. , Ufer M. , Rühl A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundTransient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) induced by gastric distension are modulated by the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) that influences the vagal reflex loop. We therefore aimed to examine the effects of the selective mGluR5 antagonist mavoglurant (AFQ056) on the number of TLESRs in dogs and reflux episodes in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).MethodsIn a dog model, the number of meal‐induced TLESRs was determined after intravenous (0.03, 0.1, 0.3, and 1 mg kg−1) and oral (1, 3, and 10 mg kg−1) doses of mavoglurant with reference to vehicle.In a multicenter, randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, three‐period crossover study, the incidence of meal‐induced reflux episodes was assessed by esophageal impedance monitoring after single, oral doses of mavoglurant (50 and 400 mg) or baclofen (40 mg) in 30 patients with moderate to severe GERD.Key ResultsIn dogs, mavoglurant reduced the number of TLESRs after intravenous and oral administration. In patients with GERD, the incidence of postprandial reflux episodes was significantly lower at a dose of 400 mg mavoglurant (−37.5% ; 90% confidence interval [CI]: −57.8, −17.2), whereas there was no significant difference at 50 mg of mavoglurant compared to placebo. A significantly lower incidence of reflux episodes was also noted with the active comparator baclofen (−50.3%; 90% CI: −66.2, −34.3), thereby validating this study.Conclusions and InferencesThese data suggest a potential clinical benefit of mGluR5 antagonists such as mavoglurant in patients with GERD, particularly in those with persisting symptoms despite treatment with proton pump inhibitors.
Jasmonic acid‐dependent regulation of seed dormancy following maternal herbivory in Arabidopsis
Authors: Singh Prashant , Dave Anuja , Vaistij Fabian E. , Worrall Dawn , Holroyd Geoff H. , Wells Jonathan G. , Kaminski Filip , Graham Ian A. , Roberts Michael R. 
Published: March 2017

Summary

Maternal experience of abiotic environmental factors such as temperature and light are well known to control seed dormancy in many plant species. Maternal biotic stress alters offspring defence phenotypes, but whether it also affects seed dormancy remains unexplored.

We exposed Arabidopsis thaliana plants to herbivory and investigated plasticity in germination and defence phenotypes in their offspring, along with the roles of phytohormone signalling in regulating maternal effects.

Maternal herbivory resulted in the accumulation of jasmonic acid‐isoleucine and loss of dormancy in seeds of stressed plants. Dormancy was also reduced by engineering seed‐specific accumulation of jasmonic acid in transgenic plants. Loss of dormancy was dependent on an intact jasmonate signalling pathway and was associated with increased gibberellin content and reduced abscisic acid sensitivity during germination. Altered dormancy was only observed in the first generation following herbivory, whereas defence priming was maintained for at least two generations.

Herbivory generates a jasmonic acid‐dependent reduction in seed dormancy, mediated by alteration of gibberellin and abscisic acid signalling. This is a direct maternal effect, operating independently from transgenerational herbivore resistance priming.
Fifty years of the American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Anesthesiology: a history of our specialty
Authors: Agarwal Rita , Riefe Jennifer , Houck Constance S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe American Academy of Pediatrics Section on Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine celebrated its 50th Anniversary in 2015. The Section was one of the first and only subspecialty organizations in anesthesiology at the time. This special article will focus on the contributions of the Section to the practice of pediatric anesthesiology in the areas of advocacy, education and member contributions. In 1986, the Section created the Robert M. Smith Award to honor those members who had made significant advances in the practice of pediatric anesthesiology. It is named after one of the Section founders, an influential educator, inventor, and researcher in our field. We will focus the latter part of the article on the Robert M. Smith award winners to illustrate the contributions of the Section and its members to the development of the field of pediatric anesthesiology.
Proteomics of contrasting rice genotypes: Identification of potential targets for raising crops for saline environment
Authors: Lakra Nita , Kaur Charanpreet , Anwar Khalid , Singla‐Pareek Sneh Lata , Pareek Ashwani 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh salinity is one of the major problems in crop productivity, affecting seed germination as well as yield. In order to enhance tolerance of crops towards salinity, it is essential to understand the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms. In this endeavor, study of contrasting genotypes of the same species differing in their response towards salinity stress can be very useful. In the present study, we have investigated temporal differences in morphological, physiological and proteome profiles of two contrasting genotypes of rice to understand the basis of salt tolerance. When compared to IR64 rice, Pokkali, the salt‐tolerant wild genotype, has enhanced capacity to cope with stress, better growth rate and possesses efficient antioxidant system, as well as better photosynthetic machinery. Our proteome studies revealed a higher and an early abundance of proteins involved in stress tolerance and photosynthesis in Pokkali in comparison with IR64, which, in contrast, showed greater changes in metabolic machinery even during early duration of stress. Our findings suggest important differences in physicochemical and proteome profiles of the two genotypes, which may be the basis of observed stress tolerance in the salt‐tolerant Pokkali.
Knockdown of an inflorescence meristem‐specific cytokinin oxidase – OsCKX2 in rice reduces yield penalty under salinity stress condition
Authors: Joshi Rohit , Sahoo Khirod Kumar , Tripathi Amit Kumar , Kumar Ritesh , Gupta Brijesh Kumar , Pareek Ashwani , Singla‐Pareek Sneh Lata 
Published: March 2017

AbstractCytokinins play a significant role in determining grain yield in plants. Cytokinin oxidases catalyse irreversible degradation of cytokinins and hence modulate cellular cytokinin levels. Here, we studied the role of an inflorescence meristem‐specific rice cytokinin oxidase – OsCKX2 – in reducing yield penalty under salinity stress conditions. We utilized an RNAi‐based approach to study the function of OsCKX2 in maintaining grain yield under salinity stress condition. Ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐based estimation revealed a significant increase in cytokinins in the inflorescence meristem of OsCKX2‐knockdown plants. To determine if there exists a correlation between OsCKX2 levels and yield under salinity stress condition, we assessed the growth, physiology and grain yield of OsCKX2‐knockdown plants vis‐à‐vis the wild type. OsCKX2‐knockdown plants showed better vegetative growth, higher relative water content and photosynthetic efficiency and reduced electrolyte leakage as compared with the wild type under salinity stress. Importantly, we found a negative correlation between OsCKX2 expression and plant productivity as evident by assessment of agronomical parameters such as panicle branching, filled grains per plant and harvest index both under control and salinity stress conditions. These results suggest that OsCKX2, via controlling cytokinin levels, regulates floral primordial activity modulating rice grain yield under normal as well as abiotic stress conditions.
Histone H2B monoubiquitination regulates salt stress‐induced microtubule depolymerization in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhou Sa , Chen Qiuhong , Sun Yuhui , Li Yingzhang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHistone H2B monoubiquitination (H2Bub1) is recognized as a regulatory mechanism that controls a range of cellular processes. We previously showed that H2Bub1 was involved in responses to biotic stress in Arabidopsis. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms of H2Bub1 in controlling responses to abiotic stress remain limited. Here, we report that HISTONE MONOUBIQUITINATION1 (HUB1) and HUB2 played important regulatory roles in response to salt stress. Phenotypic analysis revealed that H2Bub1 mutants confer decreased tolerance to salt stress. Further analysis showed that H2Bub1 regulated the depolymerization of microtubules (MTs), the expression of PROTEIN TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE1 (PTP1) and MAP KINASE PHOSPHATASE (MKP) genes – DsPTP1, MKP1, IBR5, PHS1, and was required for the activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase3 (MAP kinase3, MPK3) and MPK6 in response to salt stress. Moreover, both tyrosine phosphorylation and the activation of MPK3 and MPK6 affected MT stability in salt stress response. Thus, the results indicate that H2Bub1 regulates salt stress‐induced MT depolymerization, and the PTP–MPK3/6 signalling module is responsible for integrating signalling pathways that regulate MT stability, which is critical for plant salt stress tolerance.
Populations of Ceratocystis fimbriata on Colocasia esculenta and other hosts in the Mata Atlântica region in Brazil
Authors: Oliveira L. S. S. , Harrington T. C. , Ferreira M. A. , Freitas R. G. , Alfenas A. C. 
Published: March 2017

Ceratocystis fimbriata is native to Brazil, where it is able to cause serious diseases on numerous hosts, especially on non‐native plants. Because C. fimbriata is soilborne and not wind dispersed, highly differentiated populations are found in different regions of Brazil. The present study compared populations of C. fimbriata on taro, mango, eucalyptus and kiwifruit from the coastal Mata Atlântica region with native populations of the fungus from the Cerrado‐transition region in Brazil by using 14 SSR markers and DNA sequences of ITS and mating type genes. Microsatellite and phylogenetic analyses were performed to test the hypothesis that populations on different hosts from the Mata Atlântica region are related to each other and are native to the region. The ITS sequences varied greatly among the taro isolates, with six sequences identified, from which two had not been previously reported. For mating type genes, four sequences were identified among the isolates on taro, mango, eucalyptus and kiwifruit. Phylogenetic analyses showed that Mata Atlântica populations formed a monophyletic group distinct from Cerrado‐transition region populations, although earlier studies had shown that isolates from the two regions are interfertile and are considered as a single biological species. Microsatellite analysis revealed low gene diversity for each of the three Mata Atlântica populations on taro, mango and kiwifruit, suggesting that these populations had gone through genetic bottlenecks, probably by dispersal of select genotypes in vegetative propagation material. Also, microsatellite markers showed that two microsatellite genotypes from taro are widely spread in Brazil, probably by infected corms.
Intentionality in frontal asymmetry research
Authors: Hewig Johannes 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe present article provides a theoretical viewpoint on several aspects in frontal asymmetry research. Based on a brief overview of evidence related to an approach‐avoidance perspective and the relation to BIS‐BAS models on frontal asymmetry I propose that intentionality is valuable to understanding frontal asymmetry. In particular, I argue that defining arguments and previous experimental research often focused on a phase of human action that may be denoted as a volitional phase, which is linked to intentions. Further, I argue that intentions are accompanied by an affective‐motivational component that I denote as the strength of an intention. Finally, I suggest that the lack of this kind of intentional strength might be an interesting concept in trying to explain certain subtypes of depression.
A comparative study of the effects of intramuscular administration of gonadorelin, mating and intrauterine infusion of either raw seminal plasma or seminal plasma purified β‐NGF on luteal development in llamas
Authors: Silva M , Urra F , Ulloa‐Leal C , Ratto MH 
Published: March 2017

ContentsThe aim of this study was to compare the effect of the intramuscular administration of 50 μg of gonadorelin acetate versus natural mating, intrauterine infusion (i.u.) of a physiological relevant dose of either raw llama seminal plasma (SP) or purified beta‐nerve growth factor from seminal origin (spβ‐NGF) on ovulation rate and corpus luteum (CL) development and function in llamas. Females with a follicle (≥8 mm) were assigned to groups: (i) i.m. administration of 50 μg of gonadorelin acetate (GnRH; positive control; n = 4); (ii) single mating (mating; n = 6); (iii) i.u. infusion of 4 ml of llama SP (SP; n = 4); or (iv) i.u. infusion of 10 mg of spβ‐NGF contained in 4 ml of PBS (phosphate‐buffered saline) (spβ‐NGF; n = 6). Ovaries were examined by power Doppler ultrasonography at 0, 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hr after treatment to determine preovulatory follicle vascularization area (VA), and additionally every 12 hr until Day 2 (Day of treatment = Day 0) to determine ovulation. Afterwards, ovaries were examined every other day until Day 8 to evaluate CL diameter and VA. Blood samples were collected on Days 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 to determine plasma progesterone (P4) concentration. Ovulation rate did not differ (p = .7) among groups, but treatment affected (p < .0001) preovulatory follicle VA. Neither treatment administration nor treatment by time interaction affected (p ≥ .4) CL diameter, VA and plasma P4 concentration. Mating tended (p = .08) to increase CL VA when compared to the seminal plasma group by Day 8. Intrauterine administration of seminal plasma or spβ‐NGF does not increase CL size and function when compared to i.m. GnRH treatment, suggesting that the administration route of spβ‐NGF influences its luteotrophic effect in llamas.
Evaluation of the Consequences of a Cistern Truck Accident While Transporting Dangerous Substances through a Tunnel
Authors: Malecha Ziemowit M. , Poliski Jarosaw , Chorowski Maciej 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe transportation of dangerous substances by truck carriers harbors important safety issues in both road and mine tunnels. Even though traffic conditions in road and mine tunnels are different, the potential geometric and hydrodynamic similarities can lead to similar effects from the uncontrolled leakage of the dangerous material. This work was motivated by the design study of the LAGUNA‐LBNO (Large Apparatus studying Grand Unification and Neutrino Astrophysics and Long Baseline Neutrino Oscillations) project. The considered neutrino detector requires a huge amount of liquid argon, which must be transported down the tunnel. The present work focuses on the estimation of the most credible incident and the resulting consequences in the case of a truck accident in the tunnel. The approach and tools used in the present work are generic and can be adapted to other similar situations.
Statistical Inference for Expectile‐based Risk Measures
Authors: Krätschmer Volker , Zähle Henryk 
Published: March 2017

AbstractExpectiles were introduced by Newey and Powell in 1987 in the context of linear regression models. Recently, Bellini et al. revealed that expectiles can also be seen as reasonable law‐invariant risk measures. In this article, we show that the corresponding statistical functionals are continuous w.r.t. the 1‐weak topology and suitably functionally differentiable. By means of these regularity results, we can derive several properties such as consistency, asymptotic normality, bootstrap consistency and qualitative robustness of the corresponding estimators in nonparametric and parametric statistical models.
Reflexivity in Meadow Mari: Binding and Agree
Authors: Volkova Anna 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAccording to the Canonical Binding Theory (Chomsky 1981), anaphors must be bound in their local domain and pronominals must be free. The discovery of “long‐distance anaphors” (e.g. Thrainsson 1976, Giorgi 1984), which violate the locality condition, induced the search for independent criteria. Giorgi (1984:310) proposed a widely adopted criterion: “pronouns can have split antecedents and anaphors cannot”. Recent minimalist binding theories derive this property of anaphors from the way a dependency on the antecedent is established which makes it intrinsic to binding. However, this leads to an important problem, since some languages have elements that i) may be locally bound and, hence, look like anaphors; yet ii) allow split antecedents which is a property of pronouns (e.g. Japanese and Korean, Katada 1991, Kasai 2000). In this paper I analyze the data of another such language, namely Meadow Mari (Uralic), and show that such facts require a modular approach to binding (see Reuland 2011). I further argue that here the left periphery contains the relevant factor.
The biosynthesis of nitrous oxide in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Authors: Plouviez Maxence , Wheeler David , Shilton Andy , Packer Michael A. , McLenachan Patricia A. , Sanz‐Luque Emanuel , Ocaña‐Calahorro Francisco , Fernández Emilio , Guieysse Benoit 
Published: March 2017

SummaryOver the last decades, several studies have reported emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from microalgal cultures and aquatic ecosystems characterized by a high level of algal activity (e.g. eutrophic lakes). As N2O is a potent greenhouse gas and an ozone‐depleting pollutant, these findings suggest that large‐scale cultivation of microalgae (and possibly, natural eutrophic ecosystems) could have a significant environmental impact. Using the model unicellular microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, this study was conducted to investigate the molecular basis of microalgal N2O synthesis. We report that C. reinhardtii supplied with nitrite (NO2−) under aerobic conditions can reduce NO2− into nitric oxide (NO) using either a mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (COX) or a dual enzymatic system of nitrate reductase (NR) and amidoxime‐reducing component, and that NO is subsequently reduced into N2O by the enzyme NO reductase (NOR). Based on experimental evidence and published literature, we hypothesize that when nitrate (NO3−) is the main Nitrogen source and the intracellular concentration of NO2− is low (i.e. under physiological conditions), microalgal N2O synthesis involves the reduction of NO3− to NO2− by NR followed by the reduction of NO2− to NO by the dual system involving NR. This microalgal N2O pathway has broad implications for environmental science and algal biology because the pathway of NO3− assimilation is conserved among microalgae, and because its regulation may involve NO.
Serum eye drops: a survey of international production methods
Authors: Marks D. C. , van der Meer P. F. ,   the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: March 2017

BackgroundSerum eye drops (SEDs) are used to treat dry eye syndrome and non‐healing corneal lesions when other treatments fail. Despite many clinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of both autologous and allogeneic SEDs, there is no internationally harmonized method for producing SEDs.Materials and MethodsA 40‐question survey requesting information regarding donor selection, blood collection and processing, infectious disease screening, shelf life and regulatory requirements for the production of autologous and allogeneic SEDs was developed by the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion Collaborative. Survey data were collected into a database via a secure web interface and then downloaded into Excel for further analysis.ResultsA total of 55 responses were received, with 21 responses from centres indicating they produce SEDs. Based on the responses, collection and processing practices differ widely, according to the size of the centre making the SEDs, and their ability to collect, process and test the blood.ConclusionDespite divergences in the methods for producing SEDs, the end result is a small‐volume aliquot of serum that can be administered by a patient at home. If more centres move from producing autologous to allogeneic SEDs, this may provide an opportunity for production methods to become more standardized internationally.