bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A NEW SYNTHESIS OF ARYLTHALLIUM(III)‐BISTRIFLUOROACETATES
Authors: BELL H. C. , KALMAN J. R. , PINHEY J. T. , STERNBELL S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThallium‐tris‐trifluoracetat (H) reagiert in Gegenwart von Trifluoressigsäure mit den Organo‐siliciumverbindungen (I) definiert zu den Arylthallium‐bis‐trifluoracetaten (III) neben dem Silylester (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: DIE UMSETZUNG VON TRIALKYLGERMANEN MIT UNGESAETTIGTEN EPOXIDEN DER AETHYLENREIHE
Authors: SADYKH‐ZADE S. I. , SULTANOV R. A. , ARONOVA L. L. , PESTUNOVICH V. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung der Germane (I) mit dem Allylglycidäther (II) verläuft entgegen der Regel von Markovnikov und liefert die Glycidyloxypropylgerrnane (III).
ChemInform Abstract: THE PREPARATION AND (119)SN AND (19)F NMR SPECTRA OF SOME TRIFLUOROMETHYLPHENYLTIN(IV) COMPOUNDS
Authors: BARNARD M. , SMITH P. J. , WHITE R. F. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus den Butylzinnchloriden (I) bzw. (IV) werden durch Umsetzung mit den Grignardverbindungen (II) die Trifluormethylphenylzinn(IV)‐Verbindungen (III) bzw. (V) hergestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: BASENSTABILISIERTE GERMYLENE 3. MITT. STICKSTOFF‐GERMANIUM‐YLID‐KOMPLEXE VON CHROM, MOLYBDAEN UND WOLFRAM
Authors: JUTZI PETER , HOFFMANN HANS‐JOACHIM 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDurch photochemische Umsetzung von Benzothiazoldichlorogermylen (I) mit den Hexacarbonylen (II) entstehen die Ylid‐Komplexe (III), deren Strukturen durch IR‐, NMR‐ und Massenspektren gesichert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: PENTALENE COMPLEXES FROM CYCLO‐OCTATRIENES, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF ETA‐(1,5‐BISTRIMETHYLSILYL)PENTALENE‐1,1,2,2,3,3,3,3‐OCTACARBONYL‐TRIANGULO‐TRIRUTHENIUM, (RU3(CO)8(C8H4(SIME3)2))
Authors: HOWARD J. A. K. , KNOX S. A. R. , STONE F. G. A. , SZARY A. C. , WOODWARD P. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDas Bis‐trimethylsilyl‐cyclooctatrien (I) bildet mit dem Rutheniumcarbonyl (II) den Komplex (III), der auch aus (I)‐und der Ruthenium‐Verbindung (IV) zugänglich ist.
ChemInform Abstract: TRANS‐BONDING BIDENTATE MACROLIGANDS IN PLATINUM(II) COMPLEXES
Authors: CHOTTARD J. C. , MULLIEZ E. , GIRAULT J. P. , MANSUY D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractZeise′s Salz (I) und die ungesättigten Pyridin‐Derivate (II) reagieren zu den Platinkomplexen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: INTRAMOLEKULARE HYDRID‐WANDERUNG IN DER REIHE DER 13BETA‐ALKYL‐3‐METHOXY‐8,14‐SECO‐1,3,5/10/,9‐GONATETRAEN‐14BETA‐, BZW. ‐17BETA‐OLE 1. MITT. DER MECHANISMUS DER HYDRID‐WANDERUNG
Authors: MAKK N. , TOEMOERKENY E. , HORVATH G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Gonatetraenon (I) erhält man mit p‐Toluolsulfonsäure neben nur 30 % des gewünschten Cyclisierungsproduktes (II) ein Disproportionierungsprodukt (III) als Hauptprodukt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESES OF MUCOPEPTIDE FRAGMENTS OF BACTERIA CELL WALLS CONTAINING DIAMINOPIMELIC ACID PART 6, PREPARATION OF UNSYMMETRICAL DIPEPTIDES OF L,L‐ AND D,D‐DIAMINOPIMELIC ACID FROM RACEMIC DIAMINOPIMELIC ACID (DAP)
Authors: ARENDT ANATOL , KOLODZIEJCZYK ALEKSANDER , SOKOLOWSKA TERESA 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie aus dem racemischen (rac.) DAP‐Derivat (I) erhaltenen Diester (II) werden partiell zu den Monoestern (III) hydrolysiert.
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEOPHILIC REACTIVITY OF PEPTIDES TOWARD 2‐ACYLOXY‐N‐ETHYLBENZAMIDES, THE UTILITY OF FREE PEPTIDES AS NUCLEOPHILES IN AMIDE BOND FORMING REACTIONS
Authors: KEMP D. S. , BERNSTEIN Z. W. , MCNEIL G. N. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractN‐Äthyl‐benzamid‐ und N‐Äthyl‐salicylamidester N‐geschützter Aminsäuren oder Peptide können mit freien Oligopeptiden glatt kondensiert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: CATALYTIC HYDROGENOLYSIS IN LIQUID AMMONIA, STABILITY AND CLEAVAGE OF SOME PROTECTING GROUPS USED IN PEPTIDE SYNTHESIS
Authors: MEIENHOFER J. , KUROMIZU K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie katalytische Hydrierung von geschützten Peptiden wird untersucht, die speziell mit Palladium‐Katalysatoren in wasserfreiem flüssigem Ammoniak durchgeführt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: NEW SYNTHESES OF SPIROBENZYLISOQUINOLINE ALKALOIDS
Authors: DE SILVA S. O. , ORITO K. , MANSKE R. H. , RODRIGO R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem bekannten Indanon (Ia) und dem analog erhaltenen Methylen‐Derivat (Ib) erhält man durch salzsaure Hydrolyse, anschließende Bromierung und Cyclisierung mit Triäthylamin die spirocyclischen Verbindungen (IIa) und (IIb).
ChemInform Abstract: NUCLEID ACID RELATED COMPOUNDS PART 13, 1‐(2‐DEOXY‐D‐ERYTHRO‐PENT‐1‐ENOFURANOSYL) URACIL, SYNTHESIS OF THE FIRST 1′‐2′‐UNSATURATED PYRIMIDINE NUCLEOSIDE, A FURANOID N,O‐KETENE ACETAL
Authors: ROBINS M. J. , TRIP E. M. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Cyclonucleosid (Ic) entstehen die beiden Substitutionsprodukte (Ia) und (Ib), die mit tert‐Butylat zu (IIa) und (IIb) eliminieren und zu (IIc) verseift werden können.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOSPECIFIC SYNTHESIS OF 7‐THIAPROSTAGLANDINS
Authors: FRIED JOSEF , MEHRA M. M. , CHAN Y. Y. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDer aus Cyclopentenoxid und 6‐Mercapto‐hexansäuremethylester dargestellte Hydroxyester (Ia) wird zur Säure (Ib) hydrolysiert (KOH).
ChemInform Abstract: AMINO ACIDS AND PEPTIDES PART 122, SYNTHESIS AND SOME BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF ANALOGUES OF DEAMINO‐VASOPRESSIN WITH THE DISULPHIDE BRIDGE ALTERED TO A THIOETHER BRIDGE
Authors: JOST K. , PROCHAZKA Z. , CORT J. H. , BARTH T. , SKOPKOVA J. , PRUSIK Z. , SORM F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Desamino‐vasopressin‐Analogen (I) werden stufenweise nach bekannten Methoden aufgebaut.
ChemInform Abstract: BEHAVIOUR AND DOSIMETRY OF IODINE PART 2, DETERMINATION OF IODINE IN SOIL BY THE INSTRUMENTAL NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS
Authors: BENES J. , FRANA J. , MASTALKA A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Aktivierungsanalyse beruht auf der Anwendung der Strahlung kurzlebiger Nuklide.
ChemInform Abstract: VOLTAMPEROMETRISCHE BESTIMMUNG NIEDRIGER CHLORIDDIONENKONZENTRATIONEN
Authors: BENADIKOVA H. , STRAFELDA E. , VULTERIN J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEine voltamperometrische Bestimmungsmethode niedriger Chloridkonzentrationen (bis 1·10‐6 Mol/l) mit Hilfe einer rotierenden Au‐Elektrode wird beschrieben.
Enantiomeric Separation of Chiral Pesticides by Permethylated β‐Cyclodextrin Stationary Phase in Reversed PhaseLiquid Chromatography
Authors: Yan Jin , Zhang Renke , Wang Xinru , Wang Yao , Wang Dezhen , Zhou Zhiqiang , Zhu Wentao 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEnantiomeric separation of six chiral pesticides by high‐performance liquid chromatography with permethylated β‐cyclodextrin (β‐PM) chiral stationary phase were tested under reversed phase conditions. The influences of water composition from 10% to 45% in the mobile phase and column temperatures from 0°C to 40°C on the separation were investigated. Chromatographic parameters including selectivity factors (α), retention factors (k), and resolution factors (Rs) were selected to evaluate the separation efficiency in different conditions. Baseline separation was obtained for diclofop‐methyl, fenoxaprop‐ethyl, tebuconazole, and triticonazole, and Rs of these pesticides were greater than 1.5. However, etoxazole and lactofen were partially separated in all experiments. The parameters of α and k were decreased by the increasing temperature for all investigated pesticides, but the best resolution for etoxazole (Rs = 0.94) and lactofen (Rs = 0.59) was achieved at 20°C, different from the Rs tendency of other pesticides, which decreased with a temperature increase. Chirality 28:409–414, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sand als Rohstoff
Authors: Albers Peter , Offermanns Heribert , Reisinger Martin 
Published: March 2016

AbstractReine Sande und Kiese werden immer knapper und daher immer mehr zu wertvollen, stark nachgefragten Gütern von strategischer Bedeutung für die verschiedenartigsten Industriezweige weltweit. Aus dem reinen, kristallinen Rohstoff Quarzsand werden Zwischenprodukte für die Herstellung hochreiner, synthetischer amorpher Siliciumdioxide (SAS) hergestellt. Die Umsetzung zu Natronwasserglas erlaubt die Herstellung gefällter SAS. Die Umsetzung von Silicium und Ferrosilicium mit HCl führt zu Chlorsilanen, die für die Herstellung pyrogener SAS eingesetzt werden. Die Untersuchung des Aufbaus dieser amorphen Produkte erfordert den Einsatz hochauflösender Transmissionselektronenmikroskopie. Pyrogene und gefällte SAS zeigen hierbei die gleiche Nanostruktur wie auch Silicagele und ‐aerogele. Unterschiede in der Amorphizität und nur kurzreichweitigen Nahordnung in feinteiligen, alkalifreien, amorphen SAS einerseits und in alkalihaltigen SiO2‐Netzwerken wie stückigem Wasserglas und technischen Gläsern andererseits sind noch nicht komplett aufgeklärt.
Effect of surfactant and polymer on the characteristics of aphron‐containing fluids
Authors: Arabloo Milad , Pordel Shahri Mojtaba 
Published: March 2016

AbstractColloidal gas aphron (CGA) consists of spherical gas microbubbles with diameters ranging from 10–100 μm. Unlike regular foams, CGAs have a thin aqueous protective shell which makes them useful as a component of drilling fluid for practical applications. This paper reports on physicochemical properties of fluids containing CGAs. To this end, various laboratory tests of CGA generation, microscopic visualization, density measurement, API filtration loss, and rheological characterization with varying concentrations of biopolymer and surfactant were carried out. Three rheological models, namely the Bingham plastic, Casson, and Power‐law, were also employed to quantitatively describe the shear flow behaviour of CGA‐based fluids. Moreover, the CGAs performance as a filtrate‐reducing component was examined thorough a standard API filter press. The results of this study are helpful for better understanding the characteristics of CGA‐based fluids.
Thrombocytopenia and craniotomy for tumor: A National Surgical Quality Improvement Program analysis
Authors: Dasenbrock Hormuzdiyar H. , Devine Christopher A. , Liu Kevin X. , Gormley William B. , Claus Elizabeth B. , Smith Timothy R. , Dunn Ian F. 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDTo the authors' knowledge, the current study is the first national analysis of the association between preoperative platelet count and outcomes after craniotomy.METHODSPatients who underwent craniotomy for tumor were extracted from the prospective National Surgical Quality Improvement Program registry (2007‐2014) and stratified by preoperative thrombocytopenia, defined as mild (125,000‐149,000/μL), moderate (100,000‐124,000/μL), severe (75,000‐99,000/μL), or very severe (<75,000/μL). Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate the association between thrombocytopenia and 30‐day mortality, and multivariable logistic regression with complications and unplanned reoperation. Covariates included patient age, sex, tumor histology, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, functional status, comorbidities, and surgical time.RESULTSA total of 14,852 patients were included in the current study and thrombocytopenia was classified as mild in 4.4% (646 patients), moderate in 2.0% (290 patients), severe in 0.7% (105 patients), or very severe in 0.4% (66 patients) of patients. The adjusted hazard of 30‐day death was significantly higher for patients with moderate (6.6%; hazard ratio [HR], 2.13 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.30‐3.49; P =  0.003]), severe (10.5%; HR, 2.33 [95% CI, 1.18‐4.60; P =  0.02]), and very severe (10.6%; HR, 3.65 [95% CI, 1.71‐7.82; P =  0.001]) thrombocytopenia, compared with patients without thrombocytopenia (2.9%), with an increased effect size noted with greater thrombocytopenia. Likewise, when the platelet count was evaluated continuously, a higher platelet count was associated with a lower hazard of 30‐day mortality (HR, 0.987 [95% CI, 0.981‐0.993; P<.001]), developing any complication (odds ratio, 0.985 [95% CI, 0.981‐0.988; P<.001]), and reoperation (odds ratio, 0.990 [95% CI, 0.983‐0.994; P = .003]). Unplanned reoperation was due to intracranial hemorrhage in 53.3% of patients with moderate thrombocytopenia.CONCLUSIONSIn this National Surgical Quality Improvement Program analysis, moderate and severe thrombocytopenia were associated with mortality and reoperation after craniotomy for tumor. Cancer 2016;122:1708‐17. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Comparison between cytospin and liquid‐based cytology in urine specimens classified according to the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology
Authors: Straccia Patrizia , Bizzarro Tommaso , Fadda Guido , Pierconti Francesco 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDThe current study compared ThinPrep urinary cytology and conventional cytospin urinary cytology in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, applying the Paris System for Reporting Urinary Cytology.METHODSBetween January 2010 and December 2011, a total of 3659 urine samples were processed using conventional cytospin methods. Between January 2012 and December 2013, a total of 4186 urine cytological cases were analyzed using ThinPrep methods. In 131 cases (65 processed by conventional cytospin and 66 processed by ThinPrep), a subsequent biopsy was performed. The authors reclassified these cases according to the Paris System and an analysis between the 2 methods with regard to bladder biopsies was performed.RESULTSNo significant differences were observed in terms of sensitivity and specificity between the 2 methods in cases with positive cytology for high‐grade carcinoma. According to the Paris System, cases of atypical urothelial cells (AUC) and atypical urothelial cells suspicious for high‐grade carcinoma (AUC‐H) that were processed using cytospin did not correlate with urothelial carcinoma or with negative biopsies; conversely, the AUC cases processed using ThinPrep appeared to correlate with negative histological biopsies or low‐grade urothelial carcinoma.CONCLUSIONSThe results of the current study demonstrated that according to the Paris System, there were no significant differences in sensitivity or specificity for the diagnosis of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma or AUC‐H between the 2 methods. Cases of AUC should be easy to recognize using Thin Prep rather than cytospin and only AUCs diagnosed with ThinPrep were found to be statistically linked to negative cases for carcinoma or with low‐grade urothelial carcinoma. Cancer Cytopathol 2016;124:519–23. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Concepts of Mental Disorders in Trainee Clinical Psychologists
Authors: Read R. , Moberly N. J. , Salter D. , Broome M. R. 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundThe models of mental disorders held by all mental health professionals are implicit in their attitudes and inform all aspects of theory and practice. The present study aims to explore the attitudes of trainee clinical psychologists towards mental disorders by building on a study conducted by Harland et al. () with psychiatrists. In so doing, the present study contributes to an evidence base that can inform the development of clinical training programs and multidisciplinary working.MethodsThe Maudsley Attitude Questionnaire was administered in an online survey of trainee clinical psychologists (n = 289).ResultsAnalyses of variance revealed main effects of model, and of diagnostic category, and a significant interaction effect between model and diagnostic category. Principal component analysis revealed a biological–psychosocial continuum and cognitive/behavioural and psychodynamic/spiritual dimensions. Comparisons with Harland et al.'s () psychiatrists revealed large differences, particularly in biological and social constructionist model endorsement.ConclusionResults suggest that the attitudes of psychologists and psychiatrists continue to sit at opposite ends of a biological–psychosocial continuum. However, an area of consensus regarding psychotherapeutic models was indicated. Training courses can be reassured that strong opinions tended to reflect the evidence base. Future research with similarly large representative samples from different disciplines would allow findings of the current study to be better contextualized. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

The models of mental disorders held by clinical psychologists are implicit in their attitudes and inform all aspects of theory and practice.
We found that trainee clinical psychologists continue to favour psychosocial over biological understandings of mental disorders, giving the cognitive, behavioural and psychodynamic models equal value overall, and stronger attitudes were supported by the evidence base.
We found that trainee clinical psychologists organized their attitudes around a biological–psychosocial continuum and cognitive/behavioural and psychodynamic/spiritual dimensions.
These findings may be useful for those involved in developing clinical training programs and multidisciplinary working because they provide an insight into the attitudes of emerging clinical psychologists.
One tube with eight antibodies for 14‐part bone marrow leukocyte differential using flow cytometry
Authors: Jacob Marie‐Christine , Souvignet Alice , Pont Julie , Solly Françoise , Mondet Julie , Kesr Sanae , Pernollet Martine , Dumestre‐Perard Chantal , Campos Lydia , Cesbron Jean‐Yves 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundBone marrow analysis by flow cytometry is part of the routine diagnosis of hematological disorders in medical laboratories. Differential leukocyte count and identification of abnormal cell subsets is currently performed through morphological examination on bone marrow smears by skilled cytologists. In this work, we propose a single 8‐color tube for providing equivalent information, using flow cytometry.Methods99 bone marrow samples were classified into 2 groups, (i) 51 samples, obtained from either healthy donors (n = 4) or patients with various diseases at diagnosis or during remission that did not present a hematological malignancy (n = 47), and (ii) 48 pathological samples with quantitative and/or qualitative abnormalities. A panel of eight antibodies—CD3‐FITC/CD10‐PE/CD38‐PerCP‐Cy5.5/CD19‐PECy7/CD36‐APC/CD16‐APC‐H7/CD34‐BV421/CD45‐V500—was tested to identify the main cell subsets at different stages of maturation using a FACSCanto‐II analyzer.ResultsWe first proposed a strategy of sequential gating leading to the identification of 14 leukocyte subsets, that is, erythroblasts, monocytes, B‐lymphoid cells from hematogones to plasma‐cells (5 subsets), T‐ and NK‐cells, polymorphonuclear cells (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), myeloblasts and other immature granular cells. This approach was validated by comparing flow cytometry and microscopic morphological examination, both in cases of normal and abnormal samples. Interestingly, cell identification, and numeration by flow cytometry was easy to perform and highly reproducible.ConclusionA very simple, rapid, and reproducible flow cytometric approach, using a combination of eight antibodies allows determination of the cellular composition of bone marrow with high precision. © 2016 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Testing parasite ‘intimacy’: the whipworm Trichuris muris in the European house mouse hybrid zone
Authors: Wasimuddin   , Bryja Josef , Ribas Alexis , Baird Stuart J. E. , Piálek Jaroslav , Goüy de Bellocq Joëlle 
Published: March 2016

AbstractHost‐parasite interaction studies across hybrid zones often focus on host genetic variation, treating parasites as homogeneous. ‘Intimately’ associated hosts and parasites might be expected to show similar patterns of genetic structure. In the literature, factors such as no intermediate host and no free‐living stage have been proposed as ‘intimacy’ factors likely constraining parasites to closely follow the evolutionary history of their hosts. To test whether the whipworm, Trichuris muris, is intimately associated with its house mouse host, we studied its population genetics across the European house mouse hybrid zone (HMHZ) which has a strong central barrier to gene flow between mouse taxa. T. muris has a direct life cycle and nonmobile free stage: if these traits constrain the parasite to an intimate association with its host we expect a geographic break in the parasite genetic structure across the HMHZ. We genotyped 205 worms from 56 localities across the HMHZ and additionally T. muris collected from sympatric woodmice (Apodemus spp.) and allopatric murine species, using mt‐COX1, ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 rDNA and 10 microsatellites. We show four haplogroups of mt‐COX1 and three clear ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2 clades in the HMHZ suggesting a complex demographic/phylogeographic history. Microsatellites show strong structure between groups of localities. However, no marker type shows a break across the HMHZ. Whipworms from Apodemus in the HMHZ cluster, and share mitochondrial haplotypes, with those from house mice. We conclude Trichuris should not be regarded as an ‘intimate’ parasite of the house mouse: while its life history might suggest intimacy, passage through alternate hosts is sufficiently common to erase signal of genetic structure associated with any particular host taxon.
Drought responses of three closely related Caragana species: implication for their vicarious distribution
Authors: Ma Fei , Na Xiaofan , Xu Tingting 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDrought is a major environmental constraint affecting growth and distribution of plants in the desert region of the Inner Mongolia plateau. Caragana microphylla, C. liouana, and C. korshinskii are phylogenetically close but distribute vicariously in Mongolia plateau. To gain a better understanding of the ecological differentiation between these three species, we examined the leaf gas exchange, growth, water use efficiency, biomass accumulation and allocation by subjecting their seedlings to low and high drought treatments in a glasshouse. Increasing drought stress had a significant effect on many aspects of seedling performance in all species, but the physiology and growth varied with species in response to drought. C. korshinskii exhibited lower sensitivity of photosynthetic rate and growth, lower specific leaf area, higher biomass allocation to roots, higher levels of water use efficiency to drought compared with the other two species. Only minor interspecific differences in growth performances were observed between C. liouana and C. microphylla. These results indicated that faster seedling growth rate and more efficient water use of C. korshinskii should confer increased drought tolerance and facilitate its establishment in more severe drought regions relative to C. liouana and C. microphylla.