bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Granzyme B inhibits keratinocyte migration by disrupting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mediated signaling
Authors: Merkulova Yulia , Shen Yue , Parkinson Leigh G. , Raithatha Sheetal A. , Zhao Hongyan , Westendorf Kathryn , Sharma Mehul , Bleackley Robert Chris , Granville David J. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Chronic non-healing wounds including diabetic, venous, and decubitus skin ulcers are currently lacking effective therapies. Non-healing diabetic ulcers can lead to amputations as progress into a highly chronic state before detection and existing treatments for these wounds often fail. Granzyme B (GzmB) is a serine protease that was, until recently, believed to function exclusively in cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated apoptosis. However, during excessive or chronic inflammation, GzmB can accumulate in the extracellular milieu, retain its activity, and cleave a number of important extracellular proteins. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a transmembrane receptor involved in cellular processes such as proliferation and migration. EGFR signaling is integral to the wound healing process. The present study investigated the effects of GzmB on keratinocyte cell migration using HaCaT cell line. Using electric cell-substrate impedance sensing and scratch assays, the present study demonstrates that GzmB inhibits keratinocyte migration by interfering with the EGFR pathway. GzmB limited cell transition into a migratory morphology and was found to reduce ligand-induced EGFR phosphorylation. Inhibition of GzmB reversed the aforementioned effects. In summary, data from the present study suggest key role for GzmB in the pathogenesis of impaired wound healing through the impairment of EGFR signaling and cell migration.
Study on Metallized Reduction and Magnetic Separation of Iron from Fine Particles of High Iron Bauxite Ore
Authors: Liu Zheng-Gen , Chu Man-Sheng , Wang Zheng , Zhao Wei , Tang Jue 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
High iron bauxite ore is a typical unmanageable polyparagenetic resource and owns high comprehensive utilization value. Separation of iron from fine particles of high iron bauxite ore by the process of metallized reduction and magnetic dressing was researched systemically. The effect of magnetic field intensity, reduction temperature, reduction time, mole ratio of fixed carbon to reducible oxygen (FC/O) and ore particles size on separation indexes was researched. The results show that, with the conditions of reduction temperature of 1,400 °C, reduction time of 180 min, FC/O of 2.0, ore particle size of –2.0 mm and magnetic field intensity of 40 KA/m, about 89.24 % of the iron could be removed from high iron bauxite ore as metallic iron. Meanwhile, 86.09 % of the aluminum is stayed in non-magnetic fraction as alumina. However, the formation of hercynite (FeAl2O4) limits the reduction rate of iron oxides to metallic iron. The lower reduction conditions and higher recovery ratio of iron could be achieved with adopting ore-coal composite agglomerates or adding catalyst.
Kinetics and Tribological Characterization of Pack-Borided AISI 1025 Steel
Authors: Gómez-Vargas O. A. , Keddam M. , Ortiz-Domínguez M. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this present study, the AISI 1025 steel was pack-borided in the temperature range of 1,123–1,273 K for different treatment times ranging from 2 to 8 h. A diffusion model was suggested to estimate the boron diffusion coefficients in the Fe2B layers. As a result, the boron activation energy for the AISI 1025 steel was estimated as 174.36 kJ/mol. This value of energy was compared with the literature data. To extend the validity of the present model, other additional boriding conditions were considered. The boride layers formed on the AISI 1025 steel were characterized by the following experimental techniques: scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis and the Daimler–Benz Rockwell-C indentation technique. Finally, the scratch and pin-on-disc tests for wear resistance were achieved using an LG Motion Ltd and a CSM tribometer, respectively, under dry sliding conditions.
Karl Mannheim on democratic interaction: Revisiting mass society theory
Authors: Yamada Ryusaku 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This essay re-considers Karl Mannheim’s notion of democratic behaviour in the context of mass society. Although the term ‘mass society’ seems archaic, it is still the precondition of democracy today. Mannheim conceptualized mass society as irrational, disintegrating Great Society and presented the remedy of Planning for Freedom to counter the crisis of mass democracy. In his remedy Mannheim advocated social education that fosters citizens’ democratic interaction, and the keywords of his education were ‘integrative behaviour’ and ‘creative tolerance’. The similar orientation of his remedy can be found in much more contemporary critiques of deliberative democracy. Iris Marion Young’s ‘communicative democracy’ was a version of her democratic interaction in a complex, large-scale mass society. Young’s notion of ‘reasonableness’ has substantial affinity with Mannheim’s integrative behaviour, both of which require the democratic attitude of hearing the other side and the readiness to self-transform. Mass society theory has relevance for contemporary democratic theory.
The “sick-lit” question and the death education answer. Papageno versus Werther effects in adolescent suicide prevention
Authors: Testoni Ines , Parise Giulia , Zamperini Adriano , Visintin Emilio Paolo , Toniolo Emanuele , Vicentini Silvia , De Leo Diego 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This study analyzes the “sick-lit” narrative phenomenon, a story writing genre rooted in self-harm and suicide, which seems to be gaining remarkable popularity amongst adolescents. This success is a symptom of young people’s need to address the issue of death. The qualitative research was composed of two parts: the first explored the ambivalent representation of sick-lit on the internet, where two opposing factions argue about its educative usefulness vs. its potentially dangerous copycat effect. The second part investigated six novels and their representations of self-harm, death, sufferance and suicide. The analysis confuted the idea that sick-lit may be a positive instrument for making adolescents aware of mortality and showed the need to transform the Werther risk effect into the Papageno possibility by exploring the content of these books with adolescents in death education courses.
Personal conceptions of death in young Czech adults
Authors: Kaplan Cyril 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
There is a significant lack of psychological research on death-as-a-state thinking and expectations. This study aimed to map that unexplored terrain, using qualitative methodology to provide information about what people picture and feel when they think about what comes after death. We investigated conceptions of death, initial associations with the word death and polarity of feeling in death thoughts in 52 young Czech adults. We identified three main types of belief about what happens once we die: conceptions of a specific form of transcendence that comes in multiple shapes, mostly based on an eclectic combination of motifs from various eschatologies; conceptions of non-specific forms of transcendence based on a belief in continued existence in forms that are hard to imagine; conceptions of nothingness after life and for all eternity.
From a tolerant to an ethically neutral state
Authors: Korený Peter 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This paper is a critical analysis of some controversial questions concerning the principle of the ethical neutrality of the state, which is one way modern political and legal orders can respond to the challenges and unresolved problems associated with the fact that members of modern ethical pluralistic societies hold different and sometimes mutually inconsistent axiological beliefs and conceptions about the good and ways of life. The principle of the ethical neutrality of the state requires the state to withdraw from a politics of mutually competitive axiological beliefs and ways of the good life and occupy ethically neutral ground and seek solutions to the issues of righteousness and rights which concern all members of a pluralistic society. In particular, the author of the paper analyses a particular kind of relativization of this principle, which arises when the state identifies with a particular prevailing morality or truths of a dominant religion and then, from this normative position only “tolerates” to a certain extent the different values and ways of life pursued by others. The author also attempts to clarify some aspects of this issue by considering how the morally controversial issue of the rights of homosexual couples is understood in Slovakia.
“I haven’t heard anything about religion whatsoever”: Audience perceptions of anti-Muslim racism in Sacha Baron Cohen’s The Dictator
Authors: Weaver Simon , Bradley Lindsey 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSince the late 1990s, Sacha Baron Cohen’s characters have raised controversy, criticism and protest from various groups (for example, from Black activists in 2002 and Hasidic Jews in 2012). The comedy has also been described as satirical or anti-racist. Baron Cohen, as either Ali G, Borat, Bruno, or General Aladeen, has consistently provided comedy that leads to public debate on the relationship between comedy and race, ethnicity and stereotype, and the nature of racism and “othering” in comedy. Despite this tendency, very little research has been conducted on how audiences receive the comedy. We present results from a recent focus group, audience reception study of the comedy of Baron Cohen, which recorded discourse from young people aged 18–29 years (n 49). The article examines the perceptions of Islamophobia or anti-Muslim racism in the comedy, focusing on
Personality differences in treatment-seeking and non-treatment-seeking individuals with self-reported anorexia
Authors: Bridges Ashley N. , Wormley Katy A. , Leavitt Isabel W. , McCord David M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractResearch on anorexia has tended to focus on individuals who are seeking treatment, leading to treatment models that are based on individuals already receiving help. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore personality differences between individuals seeking treatment and those not seeking treatment for anorexia. Participants were 148 women recruited from three online sources. They completed a personality measure derived from the five-factor model and the Eating Attitudes Test-26. Results indicated that individuals with anorexia who were not seeking treatment scored lower onAgreeablenessandConscientiousnessthan both individuals seeking treatment and a control group. Also, individuals with anorexia in general tended to score lower onExtraversionand higher onNeuroticismthan individuals in a control group. These results suggest that being open about treatment options, increasing successes, motivation, and organization, and highlighting the seriousness of anorexia could be beneficial in getting individuals with anorexia to seek and continue in treatment.
Salivary testosterone as a potential indicator for risky behaviour associated with smoking-related peer pressure in adolescents
Authors: Idris Adi , Ghazali Nur B. , Said Nadzirah M. , Steele Michael , Koh David , Tuah Nik A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Early smoking is considered an indicator for risky behaviour in adolescents. Although social indicators predicting adolescent smoking are known, biological indicators have not been defined. This study aimed to establish whether salivary testosterone could be used as a “predictive biomarker” for smoking-associated peer pressure. Saliva samples were collected from Bruneian adolescents (aged 13–17 years) by the passive drool method. Salivary testosterone concentration was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Salivary testosterone concentration and smoking-associated peer pressure indicators were compared between adolescent males and females and statistical significance was determined by an independent samples t-test. A significant positive relationship between smoking-associated peer pressure and salivary testosterone levels in adolescents was found. However, this relationship was not significant when males and females were considered separately. Our data suggest that students who have tried cigarette smoking and have friends who are cigarette smokers have higher salivary testosterone levels.
An evaluation of Crescent School vLearning – an online peer-tutoring program
Authors: Chow Ronald , Libby Jonathan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Tutoring is often a useful supplement to traditional classroom teaching in Canada. Cross-age tutoring, which involves a tutor a few years older than a tutee, has been reported to be more effective than same-age tutoring, as it promotes responsibility, empowerment and academic performance. However, the current same-age classroom teaching may act as a barrier to cross-age tutoring because the latter requires plenty of coordination, preparation and organization. At Crescent School, an all-boys independent school in Toronto, Canada, a pilot online cross-age peer-tutoring program was launched in September 2014, named Crescent School vLearning. The purpose of this study was to formally assess the program, and quantitatively gauge its success. Thirty-six questions were randomly selected from the vLearning website, examined for response time and response quality as assessed by students and teachers. The fast response times as well as the high-quality of responses have resulted in the program gaining traction in the school. As vLearning continues to catch-on with students, the team of Upper School tutors will soon need to be expanded to accommodate the increasing volume of questions.
Virtually free pro-p products
Authors: Zalesskii Pavel A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We prove that a second countable torsion free pro-p group G
having an open subgroup H that splits as a free pro-p product of
indecomposable pro-p groups is again a free pro-p product. In
particular, we give a new simpler proof of the result
stating
that a torsion free finitely generated virtual free pro-p
product is a free pro-p product, proved originally in [8].
Diophantine questions in the class of finitely generated nilpotent groups
Authors: Roman'kov Vitaly A. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
An algorithm is described that, when given a Diophantine polynomial D, constructs a finitely generated nilpotent class 2 group G = G(D) with the following property. For each integer c, there is an element w = w(c) such that w is a commutator in G if and only if the Diophantine equation D = c has a solution in integers. By the famous Matijasevich theorem there is some D for which the Diophantine problem is undecidable for the class of equations 𝒟 = {D = c : c ∈ ℤ}. Hence, the commutator problem is undecidable for G. Moreover, G is the first example of a finitely generated nilpotent group with undecidable Diophantine problem for the class of quadratic equations. A finitely generated nilpotent class 2 group H is presented such that the endomorphism problem is undecidable for H. The retract problem is undecidable for the class of finitely generated nilpotent class 2 groups.
Pro-HallR-groups and groups discriminated by the free pro-pgroup
Authors: Casals-Ruiz Montserrat , Kazachkov Ilya , Remeslennikov Vladimir 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this note we introduce pro-HallR-groups as inverse limits of HallR-groups and show that for the binomial closureSbinof any ringSdiscriminated by ℤp, the free pro-HallSbin-group 𝔽(A,Sbin) is fully residually free pro-p. Furthermore, we prove that any finite set of elements in 𝔽(A,Sbin) defines a pro-psubgroup and so an irreducible coordinate group over the free pro-pgroup.
Filtrations of free groups arising from the lower central series
Authors: Chapman Michael , Efrat Ido 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
We make a systematic study of filtrations of a free group F defined as products of powers of the lower central series of F.
Under some assumptions on the exponents, we characterize these filtrations in terms of the group algebra, the Magnus algebra of non-commutative power series, and linear representations by upper-triangular unipotent matrices.
These characterizations generalize classical results of Grün, Magnus, Witt, and Zassenhaus from the 1930s, as well as later results on the lower p-central filtration and the p-Zassenhaus filtrations.
We derive alternative recursive definitions of such filtrations, extending results of Lazard.
Finally, we relate these filtrations to Massey products in group cohomology.
Biochemical, radiological, and genetic characterization of congenital hypothyroidism in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Deeb Asma , Elkadry Ihab , Attia Salima , Al Suwaidi Hana , Obaid Laila , Schoenmakers Nadia A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCongenital hypothyroidism (CH) is caused by thyroid gland (TG) dysgenesis or inadequate thyroid hormone biosynthesis in a structurally normal gland. Different etiologies are known to be associated with various clinical, biochemical and imaging markers and a subset of cases have an underlying genetic basis. Despite the presence of neonatal screening programs in the UAE, there is a lack of data on the disease etiology in the area. We aim to study the etiology of CH in our center and examine its relationship with the clinical, biochemical, genetic and radiological features.Patients with CH who were followed in our center between 2011 and 2014 are enrolled in the study. Data collected included gender, gestational age, history of CH in a first-degree relative, initial thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroxine (T4) levels, imaging findings, associated disease/malformation and treatment details. Selected patients with associated systemic disease or familial CH underwent genetic testing.Sixty-five patients were enrolled. Ten patients underwent genetic study: seven patients with associated congenital disease/malformation, one with a sibling and two with cousins with CH. Forty-nine subjects had technetiumDyshormonogenesis is the commonest etiology in CH in the studied group. It is expected that genetic mutations are more prevalent in our region due to the nature of the CH etiology and the rate of high consanguinity rate.
Multiple gcd-closed sets and determinants of matrices associated with arithmetic functions
Authors: Hong Siao , Hu Shuangnian , Hong Shaofang 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Let f be an arithmetic function and S
= {x
1, …, xn
} be a set of n distinct positive integers. By (f(xi
, xj
)) (resp. (f[xi
, xj
])) we denote the n × n matrix having f evaluated at the greatest common divisor (xi
, xj
) (resp. the least common multiple [xi
, xj
]) of x, and xj
as its (i, j)-entry, respectively. The set S is said to be gcd closed if (xi
, xj
) ∈ S for 1 ≤ i, j ≤ n. In this paper, we give formulas for the determinants of the matrices (f(xi
, xj
)) and (f[xi
, xj
]) if S consists of multiple coprime gcd-closed sets (i.e., S equals the union of S
1, …, Sk
with k ≥ 1 being an integer and S
1, …, Sk
being gcd-closed sets such that (lcm(Si
), lcm(Sj
)) = 1 for all 1 ≤ i ≠ j ≤ k). This extends the Bourque-Ligh, Hong’s and the Hong-Loewy formulas obtained in 1993, 2002 and 2011, respectively. It also generalizes the famous Smith’s determinant.
Metal-based glycoconjugates and their potential in targeted anticancer chemotherapy
Authors: Pettenuzzo Andrea , Pigot Rebecca , Ronconi Luca 
Published: April 2016

AbstractGlucose is a key source of energy and an essential nutrient for cell growth. Rapidly dividing cancer cells are well-known to require more nutrients and energy than normal ones to sustain their higher proliferation rates, and glucose is no exception. Therefore, the biomolecules involved in the promotion/regulation of the glycolytic flux may be regarded as potential targets for tackling tumor progression. Among all, glucose transporters (GLUTs), devoted to the recognition and cellular internalization of glucose, are largely overexpressed in tumors, thus indicating glycolysis as the major anaerobic glucose metabolism. Accordingly, such increased demand of glucose by fast-proliferating cancer cells makes it very attractive to selectively target tumor sites. In particular, tailored glucose-like substrates can be conjugated to chemotherapeutics (including metal-containing anticancer agents) so as to attain the site-specific delivery of drugs into the affected tissues. Progress in the development of metal-based glycoconjugates are here summarized and discussed.
Mesh Generation and Flexible Shape
Comparisons for Bio-Molecules
Authors: Gao Zhanheng , Rostami Reihaneh , Pang Xiaoli , Fu Zhicheng , Yu Zeyun 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Novel approaches for generating and comparing flexible (non-rigid) molecular surface meshes are
developed. The mesh-generating method is fast and memory-efficient. The resulting meshes are smooth and
accurate, and possess high mesh quality. An isometric-invariant shape descriptor based on the Laplace-
Beltrami operator is then explored for mesh comparing. The new shape descriptor is more powerful in discriminating
different surface shapes but rely only on a small set of signature values. The shape descriptor is
applied to shape comparison between molecules with deformed structures. The proposed methods are implemented
into a program that can be used as a stand-alone software tool or as a plug-in to other existing
molecular modeling tools. Particularly, the code is encapsulated into a software toolkit with a user-friendly
graphical interface developed by the authors.
Analysis of cooperative interactions in molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles
Authors: Mistry Jatin , Guerreiro Antonio , Moczko Ewa , Piletska Elena , Karim Kal , Piletsky Sergey A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCooperative binding is commonly observed
in biological receptor systems. This study investigates
whether it is possible to prepare nano-sized molecularly
imprinted polymers (nanoMIPs) that show cooperative
binding. NanoMIPs which exhibit cooperative binding
would have increased affinity for immobilised template
molecules making them useful for advanced applications
in diagnostics and sensors. The use of a templatederivatised
solid support provides a facile route to
prepare nanoMIPs with surface imprints, and the
method is ideally suited to study this topic. Although not
observed during the course of this study, positive interbinding
site cooperativity was hypothesised by way of an
increase in the number of binding sites imprinted on the
nanoMIPs, by increasing template density on the solid
support surface. After synthesis, the affinity of nanoMIPs
was analysed using surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
technique. Under the conditions investigated, a ten fold
increase in binding affinity was measured as template
density was increased. SPR results could be explained by
an increase in cooperative binding; however calculations
showed that the increase in affinity was not significant
enough to prove cooperative binding interactions. The
main conclusion obtained was that MIP nanoparticles
contain only one “high-affinity” binding site that interacts
with immobilised template in an SPR assay.