bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synaptische Transmission im Immunsystem
Authors: Rettig Jens , Stevens David R. 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Freisetzung von Neurotransmittern an Synapsen gehört zu den wichtigsten Mechanismen im zentralen Nervensystem. In den zurückliegenden Jahrzehnten konnten viele Erkenntnisse über die molekularen Mechanismen, die diesem Prozess zugrunde liegen, gesammelt werden. Die hochregulierte Exozytose, die auf dem SNARE-Komplex („soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor“) und seinen regulatorischen Molekülen basiert, ist das Merkmal des Nervensystems sowohl in Neuronen als auch in neuroendokrinen Zellen. Zellen des Immunsystems benutzen einen ähnlichen Mechanismus, um zytotoxische Substanzen aus sekretorischen Granulen freizusetzen. Diese Sekretion findet an Kontaktzonen mit Zelle statt, die mit Viren oder Bakterien infiziert sind sowie Krebszellen, um diese Bedrohung zu beseitigen. Diese Kontaktzonen werden als immunologische Synapsen bezeichnet im Hinblick auf die hochspezifische, zielgerichtete Exozytose von Effektormolekülen. Aktuelle Studien haben gezeigt, dass Mutationen in den SNARE oder SNARE-interagierenden Proteinen die Grundlage für zahlreiche schwerwiegende immunologische Erkrankungen sind. Obwohl SNARE-Komplexe ubiquitär vorkommen und eine große Vielfalt an Fusionsereignissen an der Membran vermitteln, ist es überraschend, dass in vielen Fällen die gleichen SNARE – Proteine an der immunologischen Synapse beteiligt sind, die die Regulation der Exozytose von Transmittern und Homonen in Neuronen und neuroendokrinen Zellen vermitteln. Diese Ähnlichkeiten zeigen die Möglichkeit auf, dass Erkenntnisse, die von immunologischen Synapsen erhalten wurden, auch auf neuronale Synapsen zutreffen, insbesondere im Bereich der präsynaptischen Funktion. Da immunologische Synapsen (IS) innerhalb von etwa 30 Minuten gebildet und wieder abgebaut werden, ermöglicht die Verwendung von Immunzellen, die aus humanem Blut gewonnen wurden, nicht nur die Untersuchung der molekularen Mechanismen der synaptischen Transmission in menschlichen Zelle, sondern auch Untersuchungen der Bildung und des Abbaus dieser „Synapsen“ mittels bildgebender Verfahren. In diesem Übersichtartikel vergleichen wir die Ähnlichkeit der Synapsen des Nerven- und Immunsystems und gehen dabei auf unsere Erkenntnisse der Arbeiten der letzten Jahre ein.
Synaptic Transmission in the Immune System
Authors: Rettig Jens , Stevens David R. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The release of neurotransmitters at synapses belongs to the most important processes in the central nervous system. In the last decades much has been learned about the molecular mechanisms which form the basis for this fundamental process. Highly regulated exocytosis, based on the SNARE (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive attachment protein receptor) complex and its regulatory molecules is the signature specialization of the nervous system and is shared by neurons and neuroendocrine cells. Cells of the immune system use a similar mechanism to release cytotoxic materials from secretory granules at contacts with virally or bacterially infected cells or cancer cells, in order to remove these threats. These contact zones have been termed immunological synapses in reference to the highly specific targeted exocytosis of effector molecules. Recent findings indicate that mutations in SNARE or SNARE-interacting proteins are the basis of a number of devastating immunological diseases. While SNARE complexes are ubiquitous and mediate a wide variety of membrane fusion events it is surprising that in many cases the SNARE proteins involved in immunological synapses are the same molecules which mediate regulated exocytosis of transmitters and hormones in neurons and neuroendocrine cells. These similarities raise the possibility that results obtained at immunological synapses may be applicable, in particular in the area of presynaptic function, to neuronal synapses. Since immunological synapses (IS) are assembled and disassembled in about a half an hour, the use of immune cells isolated from human blood allows not only the study of the molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission in human cells, but is particularly suited to the examination of the assembly and disassembly of these “synapses” via live imaging. In this overview we discuss areas of similarity between synapses of the nervous and immune systems and in the process will refer to results of our experiments of the last few years.
Veränderung von Membranlipiden schützt vor neuronaler Insulinresistenz in Alzheimer-Modellen
Authors: Nordström Viola , Herzer Silke 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Morbus Alzheimer ist eine degenerative Erkrankung des zentralen Nervensystems, welche durch ein progressives Absterben von Nervenzellen und Synapsen zu schweren Gedächtnis- und Orientierungsstörungen führt. Lösliche β-Amyloid-Oligomere sind eine hoch neurotoxische Vorstufe der bei Alzheimer gebildeten β-Amyloid-Fibrillen. Die Bindung dieser β-Amyloid-Oligomere an synaptische Insulinrezeptoren führt zu einer neuronalen Insulinresistenz und trägt entscheidend zur Verschlechterung der kognitiven Leistung bei.
Insulinrezeptoren befinden sich in der Zellmembran. Diese besteht aus einer Lipiddoppelschicht und weist eine hohe Konzentration von glykosylierten Lipiden, sogenannten Gangliosiden, auf. Ganglioside steuern die Aktivität von Insulinrezeptoren durch dynamische molekulare Interaktionen und begünstigen die durch β-Amyloid-Oligomere ausgelöste Insulinresistenz. Somit kann eine Hemmung der Gangliosidbiosynthese Nervenzellen vor den schädlichen Wirkungen der β-Amyloid-Oligomere schützen.
Neue Ansätze zur Analyse von Axon-Oligodendrozyten Kommunikation
in vivo
Authors: Czopka Tim , Auer Franziska 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Für das Verständnis von Struktur und Funktion unseres Nervensystems ist es wichtig zu verstehen, wie sich dessen Zellen koordinieren, um ein funktionelles Organ zu bilden und aufrechtzuerhalten. Neurone und Oligodendrozyten stellen im Zentralnervensystem ein besonderes Duo dar – Oligodendrozyten myelinisieren Axone, indem sie diese eng umwickeln. Diese Interaktion reguliert Reizleitungsgeschwindigkeiten zwischen Neuronen und unterstützt axonales Überleben. Trotz dieser Bedeutung gibt es große Lücken in unserem Verständnis von Bildung, Remodellierung und Regeneration myelinisierter Axone. Zebrafische sind wegen ihrer Eignung für Lebendzellmikroskopie und genetische Manipulationen ein zunehmend populärer Modellorganismus. Hier geben wir eine Übersicht über dieses Forschungsfeld, zeigen, wie mit Zebrafischen Mechanismen der Myelinisierung erforscht wurden, und wie offene Fragen zur Kontrolle von Axon-Oligodendrozyten Interaktionen für Nervensystemfunktion in Zukunft untersucht werden können.
Neue pharmakologische Strategien zur Augmentation von Extinktionslernen in der Angsttherapie
Authors: Sartori Simone B. , Singewald Nicolas 
Published: November 2017

Zusammenfassung
Trotz Fortschritten in der Behandlung von Angst-, Trauma- und belastungsbezogenen Störungen ist der langfristige therapeutische Erfolg bei einem beträchtlichen Teil der Patienten noch immer unzureichend. Eine Option zur Therapieweiterentwicklung besteht in der pharmakologischen Optimierung der expositionsbasierten Verhaltenstherapie. Ziel ist die Augmentation der Furchtextinktion, dem zentralen Mechanismus der Expositionstherapie, mittels Neuroenhancer und anderen Substanzen. Aufbauend auf Erkenntnissen aus Tier- und Humanstudien über die an erfolgreicher Furchtextinktion beteiligten neuronalen Schaltkreise und neurobiologischen Mechanismen konnten verschiedene pharmakologische Angriffspunkte identifiziert werden, über die Extinktion verbessert und auch gestörte Furchtextinktionsprozesse normalisiert werden können. Wir präsentieren anhand ausgewählter Beispiele u. a. translationale Evidenz, furchtinhibitorisches Extinktionslernen durch L-DOPA und D-Cycloserin zu verstärken, und diskutieren das Potenzial von HDAC-Inhibitoren und microRNAs als Modulatoren mit epigenetischen Angriffspunkten, sowie von Neuropeptid S als Modellsubstanz mit kombinierten akut anxiolytischen und extinktionsfördernden Eigenschaften. Die hier präsentierten Mechanismen stellen vielversprechende neue Ansätze zur Verbesserung der Effizienz und Akzeptanz von Expositionstherapien dar mit dem Ziel, pathologische Angstsymptomatik langfristig kontrollierbar zu machen. Sie stehen stellvertretend für weitere entdeckte, vom Konzept her ähnliche Substanzen jedoch mit anderen pharmakologischen Angriffspunkten.
Modification of membrane lipids protects neurons against insulin resistance in models of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Nordström Viola , Herzer Silke 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, which leads to severe deficits in memory and orientation by a progressive loss of neurons and synapses. Soluble β-amyloid oligomers are highly neurotoxic precursors of β-amyloid fibrils that accumulate in Alzheimer’s disease. Binding of β-amyloid oligomers to synaptic insulin receptors leads to neuronal insulin resistance, which significantly contributes to cognitive impairments.
Insulin receptors are located in the cell membrane, which consists of a lipid bilayer and contains high amounts of glycosylated lipids, the so-called gangliosides. Gangliosides regulate insulin receptor activity via dynamic molecular interactions and facilitate the β-amyloid oligomer-induced insulin resistance. Thus, inhibiting ganglioside biosynthesis can protect neurons from the detrimental effects of β-amyloid oligomers.
Summary of the Port Shoreline Resource Evaluation Based on Triangular Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Jiang Liupeng , Tao Tao , Zhang Cheng , Jiang He , Wang Jiaojiao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Port shoreline resources are the basis of port and shipping development, and its assessment method has become one of the hot issues in port research. On the basis of constructing a reasonable index evaluation system, this paper constructs the fuzzy evaluation matrix based on the triangular fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and constructs the fuzzy evaluation matrix by using the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and obtains the maximum membership degree of the port shoreline resources. Compared with the traditional port shoreline Resource evaluation methods, the new one got more advantages in objective and quantitative. Finally, Combined with the Nanjing section of the Yangtze River as a case for verification, the results show that the model can accurately solve the problem of resource evaluation of port shoreline.
Towards the Building Information Modeling-Based Capital Project Lifecycle Management in the Luxury Yacht Industry
Authors: Liu Fuyong , Chen Chaohe , Wu Wei 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
It will be a new approach that BIM’s capital project lifecycle management (CPLM) applied to the yacht industry. This paper explored the feasibility of applying the principles and rationales of BIM for capital project lifecycle management in luxury yacht design, engineering, fabrication, construction and operation. The paper examined the premises and backbone technology of BIM. It then evaluated leading naval engineering and shipbuilding software applications and their development trends from the functional lens of BIM. To systematically investigate a BIM-based approach for capital project lifecycle management (CPLM) in the luxury yacht industry, the paper proposed and outlined an implementation framework. A case study and a student competition use case were discussed to delineate the core constituents and processes of the proposed framework. The case of BIM was reviewed. Through the domestic custom luxury yacht design and prototyping student competition, the application of this framework in educational research is demonstrated and the initial quantitative assessment of the framework is carried out. Conclusions: a BIM-based CPLM implementation framework can help the luxury yacht industry capitalize on the global transformation to an information-centric and data-driven new business paradigm in shipbuilding with integrated design, manufacturing and production.
Nonlinear PTO Effect on Performance of Vertical Axisymmetric Wave Energy Converter Using Semi-Analytical Method
Authors: Liu Ming , Liu Hengxu , Zheng Xiongbo , Chen Hailong , Wang Liquan , Zhang Liang 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The wave energy, as a clean and non-pollution renewable energy sources, has become a hot research topic at home and abroad and is likely to become a new industry in the future. In this article, to effectively extract and maximize the energy from ocean waves, a vertical axisymmetric wave energy converter (WEC) was presented according to investigating of the advantages and disadvantages of the current WEC. The linear and quadratic equations in frequency-domain for the reactive controlled single-point converter property under regular waves condition are proposed for an efficient power take-off (PTO). A method of damping coefficients, theoretical added mass and exciting force are calculated with the analytical method which is in use of the series expansion of eigen functions. The loads of optimal reactive and resistive, the amplitudes of corresponding oscillation, and the width ratios of energy capture are determined approximately and discussed in numerical results.
Evolution of Hierarchical Structure and Spatial Pattern of Coastal Cities in China – Based on the Data of Distribution of Marine-Related Enterprises
Authors: Wang Lili , Xiao Wenwen , Wang Chengwei 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper, a comprehensive research of the evolution of the hierarchical structure and spatial pattern of coastal cities in China was conducted based on the data of distribution of the headquarters and subsidiaries of marine-related enterprises in 1995, 2005 and 2015 using the city network research method proposed by Taylor. The results of the empirical research showed: China’s coastal city network had an obvious hierarchical characteristics of “national coastal cityregional coastal city-sub-regional coastal city-local coastal city”, in the 20 years of development process, the hierarchies of coastal cities in China showed a hierarchical progressive evolution; in past 20 years, the spatial pattern and network structure of coastal cities in China tended to be complete, and the city network was more uniform, forming a “three tiers and three urban agglomerations” network structure; the strength of connection among the cities was obviously strengthened, and the efficiency of urban spatial connection was improved overall.
Dry Ports-Seaports Sustainable Logistics Network Optimization: Considering the Environment Constraints and the Concession Cooperation Relationships
Authors: Wei Hairui , Sheng Zhaohan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn China dry ports enter into a rapid development period now, however for many Chinese dry ports, the operation faces difficulties duo to inefficient logistics networks and cooperation relationship between dry ports and seaports. Focusing on the concession cooperation mechanism of seaports and dry ports, and the environmental constraints (carbon emissions and congestion cost), a bi-objective location-allocation MILP model for the sustainable hinterland-dry ports-seaports logistics network optimization is formulated, aiming at the system logistics costs and carbon emissions to be minimized. Moreover, for the cooperation mechanism of seaports to dry ports, a parameter called cooperation cost concession coefficient is proposed for the optimization model, and a new evaluation method based on the ordered weighted averaging (OWA) operator is used to evaluate it. Then a location-allocation decision-making framework for the hinterland-dry port-seaport logistics network is proposed. The innovative aspect of the model is that it can proposes a effective and environment friendly dry ports location strategic and also give insights into the connective cooperation relationships, and cargo flows of the network. A case study involving configuration of dry ports in Henan Province is conducted, and the model is successfully applied.
Time-varying correlations and Sharpe ratios during quantitative easing
Authors: Jones Paul M. , O’Steen Haley 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Using an econometric methodology from [Cappiello, Lorenzo, Robert F. Engle, and Kevin Sheppard. 2006. “Asymmetric Dynamics in the Correlations of Global Equity and Bond Returns.” Journal of Financial Econometrics 4 (4): 537–572.], we evaluate time-varying correlations between multiple asset classes using an asymmetric-DCC GARCH model. Specifically, we focus on the changes in these correlations during quantitative easing. We then use these conditional correlations, along with conditional means and variances to find optimal investment portfolios using Markowitz mean-variance minimization. Lastly, we compute time-varying Sharpe ratios. Our results show increasing Sharpe ratios during the period of quantitative easing which suggests that the Federal Reserve’s programs were successful in increasing returns and minimizing risk – i.e. volatility – across several asset classes during the financial crisis.
Developing Vehicle Locations Strategy on Urban Road
Authors: Raiyn Jamal 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Various forecasting schemes have been proposed to manage urban road traffic data, which is collected by different sources such as, videos cameras, sensors and mobile phone services. However, these are not sufficient for the purpose because of their limited coverage and high costs of installation and maintenance. This paper describes urban road congestion as a resource assignment problem in urban areas, in which vehicles are assigned to available sections of road. In order to accomplish this and reduce road congestion, an estimation of the vehicle location is needed. Different strategies for estimating location have been proposed, such as the use of Wi-Fi and cellular systems, and GPS/GNSS. In this process, accuracy plays an important role. Therefore, to increase the accuracy of the primary GNSS system, an augmentation system is considered.
Macro-Level Modeling of Urban Transportation Safety: Case-Study of Mashhad (Iran)
Authors: Mohammadi Mehdi , Shafabakhsh Gholamali , Naderan Ali 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Transportation safety can be aimed at the planning stage in order to adopt safety management and evaluate the long-time policies. The main objective of this research was to make use of crash prediction models in urban transportation planning process. As such, it was attempted to gather data on the results of transportation master plan as well as Mashhad urban crash database. Two modelling method, generalized linear model with negative binomial distribution and geographically weighted regression, were considered as the methods used in this research. Trip variables, including trip by car, trip by bus, trip by bus services and trip by school services, were significant at 95%. The results indicated that both finalized models were competent in predicting urban crashes in Mashhad. Regarding to results urban transportation safety will be improved by changing the modal share for example from private car to bus. The application of the process presented in this study can improve the urban transportation safety management processes and lead to more accurate prediction in terms of crashes across urban traffic areas.
Using Deficit Functions for Crew Planning in Aviation
Authors: Gertsbakh Ilya B. , Stern Helman I. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We use deficit functions (DFs) to decompose an aviation schedule of aircraft flights into a minimal number of periodic and balanced chains (flight sequences). Each chain visits periodically a set S of airports and is served by several cockpit crews circulating along the airports of this set. We introduce the notion of ”chunks” which are a sequence of flights serviced by a crew in one day according to contract regulations. These chunks are then used to provide crew schedules and rosters. The method provides a simplicity for the construction of aircraft schedules and crew pairings which is absent in other approaches to the problem.
Reference Assembly and Annotation of the Pyrenophora teres f. teres Isolate 0-1
Authors: Wyatt Nathan A , Richards Jonathan K , Brueggeman Robert S , Friesen Timothy L 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Pyrenophora teres f. teres, the causal agent of net form net blotch (NFNB) of barley, is a destructive pathogen in barley-growing regions throughout the world. Typical yield losses due to NFNB range from 10 to 40%; however, complete loss has been observed on highly susceptible barley lines where environmental conditions favor the pathogen. Currently, genomic resources for this economically important pathogen are limited to a fragmented draft genome assembly and annotation, with limited RNA support of the P. teres f. teres isolate 0-1. This research presents an updated 0-1 reference assembly facilitated by long-read sequencing and scaffolding with the assistance of genetic linkage maps. Additionally, genome annotation was mediated by RNAseq analysis using three infection time points and a pure culture sample, resulting in 11,541 high-confidence gene models. The 0-1 genome assembly and annotation presented here now contains the majority of the repetitive content of the genome. Analysis of the 0-1 genome revealed classic characteristics of a “two-speed” genome, being compartmentalized into GC-equilibrated and AT-rich compartments. The assembly of repetitive AT-rich regions will be important for future investigation of genes known as effectors, which often reside in close proximity to repetitive regions. These effectors are responsible for manipulation of the host defense during infection. This updated P. teres f. teres isolate 0-1 reference genome assembly and annotation provides a robust resource for the examination of the barley–P. teres f. teres host–pathogen coevolution.
A Természettel Való Viszony Skála rövid változatának pszichometriai elemzése és kérdőíves validálása
Authors: Köteles Ferenc 
Published: November 2017

Elméleti háttér
A Természettel Való Viszony Skála (Nature Relatedness Scale; NR) rövid, 6-tételes változata (NR-6) a természettel kapcsolatos pozitív attitűdöt és a kapcsolódás érzését méri.

Célkitűzés
A vizsgálat célja a 6-tételes Természettel Való Viszony Skála magyar verziójának elkészítése és pszichometriai értékelése volt.

Módszerek
A rendelkezésre álló nem reprezentatív közösségi minta (n = 603; 75,5% nő; átlagéletkor: 34,5 év [SD = 12,94 év]) adatain feltáró faktorelemzést (főkomponens-analízist) végeztünk. A konvergens validitást a Holisztikus Egészséghiedelmek Skála, az 5-tételes WHO Jóllét Kérdőív (WHO-5), a Rövidített Szenzoros Élménykeresés Skála (BSSS-8), valamint a Spirituális Kapcsolat Kérdőív (SCQ-14) felhasználásával vizsgáltuk.

Eredmények
A feltáró faktorelemzés egyfaktoros struktúrát mutatott, a kérdőív belső konzisztenciája az elfogadható tartományba esett (Cronbach-α = 0,76). A kérdőív szignifikáns, gyenge, pozitív irányú korrelációt mutatott a holisztikus egészséghiedelmekkel (rs = 0,20; p < 0,001), a pszichológiai jólléttel (rs = 0,12; p < 0,01) és a szenzoros élménykereséssel (rs = 0,21; p < 0,001). A spiritualitással való pozitív irányú kapcsolat közepes erősségű volt (rs = 0,45; p < 0,001). A négy validáló változót többszörös lineáris regressziós elemzésben együtt vizsgálva, a nem és az életkor kontrollálása mellett a szenzoros élménykeresés (β = 0,345; p < 0,001) és a spiritualitás (β = 0,406; p < 0,001) magyarázó ereje bizonyult szignifikánsnak.

Következtetések
A 6-tételes Természettel Való Viszony Skála magyar verziója az eredeti angol változat pszichometriai jellemzőivel bír.