bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Galactic planetary nebulae as absolute probes: The view from Gaia
Authors: Stanghellini Letizia , Bucciarelli Beatrice , Lattanzi Mario G. , Morbidelli Roberto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe searched the first Gaia data release for Galactic central stars of planetary nebulae (CSPNe) for parallaxes in order to determine the distances of the hosting PNe. For the small sample of PNe for which a comparison is available, we show that distances derived from Gaia parallaxes agree, within the uncertainties, with the individual PN distances derived by other reliable methods. While Gaia parallaxes available for Galactic CSPNe are still few, and with high uncertainties, we studied the possibility of building a PN distance scale by using the Gaia distances as calibrators. We found that a scale built on the relation between the linear nebular radius and its surface brightness has promising future applications.
Common Envelope Evolution: Implications for Post-AGB Stars and Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Nordhaus J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCommon envelopes (CE) are of broad interest as they represent one method by which binaries with initially long-period orbits of a few years can be converted into short-period orbits of a few hours. Despite their importance, the brief lifetimes of CE phases make them difficult to directly observe. Nevertheless, CE interactions are potentially common, can produce a diverse array of nebular shapes, and can accommodate current post-AGB and planetary nebula outflow constraints. Here, I discuss ongoing theoretical and computational work on CEs and speculate on what lies ahead for determining accurate outcomes of this elusive phase of evolution.
Revealing the Location of the Mixing Layer in a Hot Bubble
Authors: Guerrero M. A. , Fang X. , Chu Y.-H. , Toalá J. A. , Gruendl R. A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe fast stellar winds can blow bubbles in the circumstellar material ejected from previous phases of stellar evolution. These are found at different scales, from planetary nebulae (PNe) around stars evolving to the white dwarf stage, to Wolf-Rayet (WR) bubbles and up to large-scale bubbles around massive star clusters. In all cases, the fast stellar wind is shock-heated and a hot bubble is produced. Processes of mass evaporation and mixing of nebular material and heat conduction occurring at the mixing layer between the hot bubble and the optical nebula are key to determine the thermal structure of these bubbles and their evolution. In this contribution we review our current understanding of the X-ray observations of hot bubbles in PNe and present the first spatially-resolved study of a mixing layer in a PN.
The LAMOST spectroscopic survey of planetary nebulae in M31 and M33
Authors: Xiang Maosheng , Liu Xiaowei , Zhang Meng , Yuan Haibo , Huo Zhiying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe present LAMOST observations and radial velocity measurements of about 1500 planetary nebulae (PNe) in M31 and M33. Most of the PNe are previously known, but 36 of them are newly discovered in the outskirts of M31, and the furthest one has a projected distance larger than 50 kpc away from the galaxy center. Eighteen objects in the area of M33 are probably newly discovered PNe, and quite a few of them are associated with previously known clusters. For all the 1500 PNe, homogeneous radial velocities are measured from the LAMOST spectra, with a typical uncertainty of a few km s−1.
The Origins of Planetary Nebulae in the Inner and Outer Disks of M 31
Authors: Balick Bruce , Kwitter Karen , Corradi Romano , Rosillo Rebeca Galera , Henry Richard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe planetary nebulae (PNe) of M 31 are receiving considerable attention as probes of its structure and chemical evolution in a galactic environment that is putatively similar to the Milky Way. We have obtained deep spectra for about 30 luminous PNe in M 31’s inner disk and beyond (Rgal < 105 kpc). The entire ensemble of PNe exhibit O/H ~ 2/3 solar with no discernible radial gradient, in stark contrast to the H ii regions of M 31. This suggests that the outer PNe in M 31 formed from a common O-rich ISM at least 5 GY ago. We infer that the outer PNe and the underlying stellar population have little common history in M 31, and that the formation of the O-rich PNe preceded any putative encounter with M 33 ~2–3 Gy ago.
The origin of the most luminous Planetary Nebulae
Authors: Galera-Rosillo Rebeca , Corradi Romano L. M. , Balick Bruce , Kwitter Karen , Mampaso Antonio , García-Rojas Jorge 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAs part of a systematic effort to characterize the properties and progenitors of the most luminous planetary nebulae (PNe), we obtained a sample among the brightest PNe in two stellar systems of different metallicities: LMC (Z/Z⊙~0.5) and M31 (Z/Z⊙~1) by means of a combined effort with the VLT and the 10mGTC. Modelling of these data will allow us to infer the masses of the stellar progenitors, gaining insights into the controversial origin of the universal cutoff of the Planetary Nebulae Luminosity Function (PNLF).
BELIEVING EPISTEMIC CONTRADICTIONS
Authors: BEDDOR BOB , GOLDSTEIN SIMON 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWhat is it to believe something might be the case? We develop a puzzle that creates difficulties for standard answers to this question. We go on to propose our own solution, which integrates a Bayesian approach to belief with a dynamic semantics for epistemic modals. After showing how our account solves the puzzle, we explore a surprising consequence: virtually all of our beliefs about what might be the case provide counterexamples to the view that rational belief is closed under logical implication.
Minimum information about a single amplified genome (MISAG) and a metagenome-assembled genome (MIMAG) of bacteria and archaea
Authors:   The Genome Standards Consortium, Bowers Robert M , Kyrpides Nikos C , Stepanauskas Ramunas , Harmon-Smith Miranda , Doud Devin , Reddy T B K , Schulz Frederik , Jarett Jessica , Rivers Adam R , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A , Tringe Susannah G , Ivanova Natalia N , Copeland Alex , Clum Alicia , Becraft Eric D , Malmstrom Rex R , Birren Bruce , Podar Mircea , Bork Peer , Weinstock George M , Garrity George M , Dodsworth Jeremy A , Yooseph Shibu , Sutton Granger , Glöckner Frank O , Gilbert Jack A , Nelson William C , Hallam Steven J , Jungbluth Sean P , Ettema Thijs J G , Tighe Scott , Konstantinidis Konstantinos T , Liu Wen-Tso , Baker Brett J , Rattei Thomas , Eisen Jonathan A , Hedlund Brian , McMahon Katherine D , Fierer Noah , Knight Rob , Finn Rob , Cochrane Guy , Karsch-Mizrachi Ilene , Tyson Gene W , Rinke Christian , Lapidus Alla , Meyer Folker , Yilmaz Pelin , Parks Donovan H , Murat Eren A , Schriml Lynn , Banfield Jillian F , Hugenholtz Philip , Woyke Tanja 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe present two standards developed by the Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) for reporting bacterial and archaeal genome sequences. Both are extensions of the Minimum Information about Any (x) Sequence (MIxS). The standards are the Minimum Information about a Single Amplified Genome (MISAG) and the Minimum Information about a Metagenome-Assembled Genome (MIMAG), including, but not limited to, assembly quality, and estimates of genome completeness and contamination. These standards can be used in combination with other GSC checklists, including the Minimum Information about a Genome Sequence (MIGS), Minimum Information about a Metagenomic Sequence (MIMS), and Minimum Information about a Marker Gene Sequence (MIMARKS). Community-wide adoption of MISAG and MIMAG will facilitate more robust comparative genomic analyses of bacterial and archaeal diversity.
Spatial genomic heterogeneity in multiple myeloma revealed by multi-region sequencing
Authors: Rasche L. , Chavan S. S. , Stephens O. W. , Patel P. H. , Tytarenko R. , Ashby C. , Bauer M. , Stein C. , Deshpande S. , Wardell C. , Buzder T. , Molnar G. , Zangari M. , van Rhee F. , Thanendrarajan S. , Schinke C. , Epstein J. , Davies F. E. , Walker B. A. , Meissner T. , Barlogie B. , Morgan G. J. , Weinhold N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn multiple myeloma malignant plasma cells expand within the bone marrow. Since this site is well-perfused, a rapid dissemination of “fitter” clones may be anticipated. However, an imbalanced distribution of multiple myeloma is frequently observed in medical imaging. Here, we perform multi-region sequencing, including iliac crest and radiology-guided focal lesion specimens from 51 patients to gain insight into the spatial clonal architecture. We demonstrate spatial genomic heterogeneity in more than 75% of patients, including inactivation of CDKN2C and TP53, and mutations affecting mitogen-activated protein kinase genes. We show that the extent of spatial heterogeneity is positively associated with the size of biopsied focal lesions consistent with regional outgrowth of advanced clones. The results support a model for multiple myeloma progression with clonal sweeps in the early phase and regional evolution in advanced disease. We suggest that multi-region investigations are critical to understanding intra-patient heterogeneity and the evolutionary processes in multiple myeloma.
RGD delivery of truncated coagulase to tumor vasculature affords local thrombotic activity to induce infarction of tumors in mice
Authors: Jahanban-Esfahlan Rana , Seidi Khaled , Monhemi Hassan , Adli Amir Daei Farshchi , Minofar Babak , Zare Peyman , Farajzadeh Davoud , Farajnia Safar , Behzadi Ramezan , Abbasi Mehran Mesgari , Zarghami Nosratollah , Javaheri Tahereh 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInduction of thrombosis in tumor vasculature represents an appealing strategy for combating cancer. Herein, we combined unique intrinsic coagulation properties of staphylocoagulase with new acquired functional potentials introduced by genetic engineering, to generate a novel bi-functional fusion protein consisting of truncated coagulase (tCoa) bearing an RGD motif on its C-terminus for cancer therapy. We demonstrated that free coagulase failed to elicit any significant thrombotic activity. Conversely, RGD delivery of coagulase retained coagulase activity and afforded favorable interaction of fusion proteins with prothrombin and αvβ3 endothelial cell receptors, as verified by in silico, in vitro, and in vivo experiments. Although free coagulase elicited robust coagulase activity in vitro, only targeted coagulase (tCoa-RGD) was capable of producing extensive thrombosis, and subsequent infarction and massive necrosis of CT26 mouse colon, 4T1 mouse mammary and SKOV3 human ovarian tumors in mice. Additionally, systemic injections of lower doses of tCoa-RGD produced striking tumor growth inhibition of CT26, 4T1 and SKOV3 solid tumors in animals. Altogether, the nontoxic nature, unique shortcut mechanism, minimal effective dose, wide therapeutic window, efficient induction of thrombosis, local effects and susceptibility of human blood to coagulase suggest tCoa-RGD fusion proteins as a novel and promising anticancer therapy for human trials.
Coding and small non-coding transcriptional landscape of tuberous sclerosis complex cortical tubers: implications for pathophysiology and treatment
Authors: Mills James D. , Iyer Anand M. , van Scheppingen Jackelien , Bongaarts Anika , Anink Jasper J. , Janssen Bart , Zimmer Till S. , Spliet Wim G. , van Rijen Peter C. , Jansen Floor E. , Feucht Martha , Hainfellner Johannes A. , Krsek Pavel , Zamecnik Josef , Kotulska Katarzyna , Jozwiak Sergiusz , Jansen Anna , Lagae Lieven , Curatolo Paolo , Kwiatkowski David J. , Pasterkamp R. Jeroen , Senthilkumar Ketharini , von Oerthel Lars , Hoekman Marco F. , Gorter Jan A. , Crino Peter B. , Mühlebner Angelika , Scicluna Brendon P. , Aronica Eleonora 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC) is a rare genetic disorder that results from a mutation in theTSC1orTSC2genes leading to constitutive activation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). TSC is associated with autism, intellectual disability and severe epilepsy. Cortical tubers are believed to represent the neuropathological substrates of these disabling manifestations in TSC. In the presented study we used high-throughput RNA sequencing in combination with systems-based computational approaches to investigate the complexity of the TSC molecular network. Overall we detected 438 differentially expressed genes and 991 differentially expressed small non-coding RNAs in cortical tubers compared to autopsy control brain tissue. We observed increased expression of genes associated with inflammatory, innate and adaptive immune responses. In contrast, we observed a down-regulation of genes associated with neurogenesis and glutamate receptor signaling. MicroRNAs represented the largest class of over-expressed small non-coding RNA species in tubers. In particular, our analysis revealed that the miR-34 family (including miR-34a, miR-34b and miR-34c) was significantly over-expressed. Functional studies demonstrated the ability of miR-34b to modulate neurite outgrowth in mouse primary hippocampal neuronal cultures. This study provides new insights into the TSC transcriptomic network along with the identification of potential new treatment targets.
Exactly solvable model for a velocity jump observed in crack propagation in viscoelastic solids
Authors: Sakumichi Naoyuki , Okumura Ko 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNeeds to impart appropriate elasticity and high toughness to viscoelastic polymer materials are ubiquitous in industries such as concerning automobiles and medical devices. One of the major problems to overcome for toughening is catastrophic failure linked to a velocity jump, i.e., a sharp transition in the velocity of crack propagation occurred in a narrow range of the applied load. However, its physical origin has remained an enigma despite previous studies over 60 years. Here, we propose an exactly solvable model that exhibits the velocity jump incorporating linear viscoelasticity with a cutoff length for a continuum description. With the exact solution, we elucidate the physical origin of the velocity jump: it emerges from a dynamic glass transition in the vicinity of the propagating crack tip. We further quantify the velocity jump together with slow- and fast-velocity regimes of crack propagation, which would stimulate the development of tough polymer materials.
LC3A Silencing Hinders Aggresome Vimentin Cage Clearance in Primary Choroid Plexus Carcinoma
Authors: Nassar Marwa , Samaha Heba , Ghabriel Myret , Yehia Maha , Taha Hala , Salem Sherin , Shaaban Khaled , Omar Mariam , Ahmed Nabil , El-Naggar Shahenda 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAggresomes are transient microtubule-dependent inclusion bodies that sequester misfolded proteins and are ultimately removed by autophagy. Here we report the generation of a choroid plexus carcinoma cell line; Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE)-45, which is characterized by the constitutive formation of aggresomes. When examining the autophagy pathway as the main route for aggresomes clearance, CCHE-45 cells displayed increased autophagy flux mediated by MAP1LC3B. MAP1LC3A-Variant1 gene expression was silenced by promoter methylation. Restoring MAP1LC3A-Variant1 expression resulted in the formation of MAP1LC3A positive autophagosmes and the disruption of the aggresomes' vimentin cage independent of MAP1LC3B positive autophagosomes. Our data supports the notion that basal quality control autophagy and vimentin cage clearance in CCHE-45 are mediated by MAP1LC3A. Hence we propose that absence of MAP1LC3A disrupts the autophagic pathway and leads to the failure of aggresome vimentin cage degradation. Consequently, this could represent a targetable pathway in autophagy-dependent cancers.
A Low Permeability Microfluidic Blood-Brain Barrier Platform with Direct Contact between Perfusable Vascular Network and Astrocytes
Authors: Bang Seokyoung , Lee Seung-Ryeol , Ko Jihoon , Son Kyungmin , Tahk Dongha , Ahn Jungho , Im Changkyun , Jeon Noo Li 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA novel three dimensional blood brain barrier (BBB) platform was developed by independently supplying different types of media to separate cell types within a single device. One channel (vascular channel, VC) is connected to the inner lumen of the vascular network while the other supplies media to the neural cells (neural channel, NC). Compared to co-cultures supplied with only one type of medium (or 1:1 mixture), best barrier properties and viability were obtained with culturing HUVECs with endothelial growth medium (EGM) and neural cells with neurobasal medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum (NBMFBS) independently. The measured vascular network permeability were comparable to reported in vivo values (20 kDa FITC-dextran, 0.45 ± 0.11 × 10−6 cm/s; 70 kDa FITC-dextran, 0.36 ± 0.05 × 10−6 cm/s) and a higher degree of neurovascular interfacing (astrocytic contact with the vascular network, GFAP-CD31 stain overlap) and presence of synapses (stained with synaptophysin). The BBB platform can dependably imitate the perivascular network morphology and synaptic structures characteristic of the NVU. This microfluidic BBB model can find applications in screening pharmaceuticals that target the brain for in neurodegenerative diseases.
Dynamic modulation of Poincaré beams
Authors: Alpmann C. , Schlickriede C. , Otte E. , Denz C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGeneration of complex Poincaré beams is enabled by amplitude and phase modulation accompanied by simultaneous spatially polarization structuring. A holographic system to tailor complex light fields and optical angular momentum structures forecasts promising applications in quantum communication and optical trapping. Experimental results are presented together with simulations of complex Poincaré beams embedding different types of polarization singularities. Additionally, parameters of the dynamic polarization modulation system are discussed and analyzed to demonstrate the enormous capability of the method.
Bioenergy application of Dunaliella salina SA 134 grown at various salinity levels for lipid production
Authors: Ahmed Rajper Aftab , He Meilin , Aftab Rajper Asma , Zheng Shiyan , Nagi Mostafa , Bakri Ramadan , Wang Changhai 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe biofuels are receiving considerable attention as a substitute for petro diesel. For microalgae, the cell density or biomass and lipid contents are key components for biodiesel production. This study was conducted to develop favorable culture conditions for Dunaliella salina to maximize its biomass and lipid accumulation. The effect of salinity (0.5 to 2.5 M NaCl) on the cell population, biochemical composition, and lipid output of Dunaliella salina was examined under a controlled environment for 21 days. Maximum growth (6.57 × 107 to 7.17 × 107cells mL−1) potentials were observed at 1.5 to 2 M NaCl. The photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrates also showed trends similar to growth. The maximum carotenoid level (5.16 mg L−1) was recorded at 2 M NaCl. Almost all physicochemical parameters increased with increases in salinity, biomass (1231.66 ± 1.26 mg L−1) and lipid content (248.33 mg L−1), as recorded at 2 M NaCl. Based on fluorescence intensity, the highest values (11.84 × 107cells/ml) of neutral lipids and total lipids (22.28%) were recorded at optimum salinity levels. The present study suggests that a high biomass and lipid accumulation of Dunaliella salina SA 134 could be obtained at the 2 M NaCl level.
Stochastic model of contact inhibition and the proliferation of melanoma in situ
Authors: Morais Mauro César Cafundó , Stuhl Izabella , Sabino Alan U. , Lautenschlager Willian W. , Queiroga Alexandre S. , Tortelli Tharcisio Citrangulo , Chammas Roger , Suhov Yuri , Ramos Alexandre F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractContact inhibition is a central feature orchestrating cell proliferation in culture experiments; its loss is associated with malignant transformation and tumorigenesis. We performed a co-culture experiment with human metastatic melanoma cell line (SKMEL- 147) and immortalized keratinocyte cells (HaCaT). After 8 days a spatial pattern was detected, characterized by the formation of clusters of melanoma cells surrounded by keratinocytes constraining their proliferation. In addition, we observed that the proportion of melanoma cells within the total population has increased. To explain our results we propose a spatial stochastic model (following a philosophy of the Widom-Rowlinson model from Statistical Physics and Molecular Chemistry) which considers cell proliferation, death, migration, and cell-to-cell interaction through contact inhibition. Our numerical simulations demonstrate that loss of contact inhibition is a sufficient mechanism, appropriate for an explanation of the increase in the proportion of tumor cells and generation of spatial patterns established in the conducted experiments.
Q-factor enhancement of Fano resonance in all-dielectric metasurfaces by modulating meta-atom interactions
Authors: Sun Guanghou , Yuan Lierong , Zhang Yi , Zhang Xuejin , Zhu Yongyuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe numerically investigated the effects of meta-atom interactions on the Fano resonance in all-dielectric metasurfaces by introducing alternately flipped asymmetric paired bars (APBs) and split asymmetric paired bars (SAPBs). With alternately flipped configurations, the Q-factor of the Fano resonance is significantly enhanced up to one order of magnitude, and the electric field is strengthened by more than twice. Abnormally, the Q-factor increases with gap size in the alternately flipped SAPBs. These are attributed to the destructive interaction among nearest-neighbor dipole resonators. The Q-factor of 108 and Raman enhancement factor of 109 in the gap can be realized with the alternately flipped SAPBs made of Si. Our study provides a way to improve performance of practical devices such as ultrasensitive sensors, nonlinear optics, and quantum emitters.
Direct Ink Write (DIW) 3D Printed Cellulose Nanocrystal Aerogel Structures
Authors: Li Vincent Chi-Fung , Dunn Conner K. , Zhang Zhe , Deng Yulin , Qi H. Jerry 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPure cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) aerogels with controlled 3D structures and inner pore architecture are printed using the direct ink write (DIW) technique. While traditional cellulosic aerogel processing approaches lack the ability to easily fabricate complete aerogel structures, DIW 3D printing followed by freeze drying can overcome this shortcoming and can produce CNC aerogels with minimal structural shrinkage or damage. The resultant products have great potential in applications such as tissue scaffold templates, drug delivery, packaging, etc., due to their inherent sustainability, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Various 3D structures are successfully printed without support material, and the print quality can be improved with increasing CNC concentration and printing resolution. Dual pore CNC aerogel scaffolds are also successfully printed, where the customizable 3D structure and inner pore architecture can potentially enable advance CNC scaffold designs suited for specific cell integration requirements.