bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The association of hydrogen with sulfur on Mars across latitudes, longitudes, and compositional extremes
Authors: Karunatillake Suniti , Wray James J. , Gasnault Olivier , McLennan Scott M. , Deanne Rogers A. , Squyres Steven W. , Boynton William V. , Skok J. R. , Button Nicole E. , Ojha Lujendra 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMidlatitudinal hydrated sulfates on Mars may influence brine pH, atmospheric humidity, and collectively water activity. These factors affect the habitability of the planetary subsurface and the preservation of relict biomolecules. Regolith at grain sizes smaller than gravel, constituting the bulk of the Martian subsurface at regional scales, may be a primary repository of chemical alteration, mechanical alteration, and biosignatures. The Mars Odyssey Gamma Ray Spectrometer with hundreds of kilometers of lateral resolution and compositional sensitivity to decimeter depth provides unique insight into this component of the regolith, which we call soil. Advancing the globally compelling association between H2O and S established by our previous work, we characterize latitudinal variations in the association between H and S, as well as in the hydration state of soil. Represented by H2O:S molar ratios, the hydration state of candidate sulfates increases with latitude in the northern hemisphere. In contrast, hydration states generally decrease with latitude in the south. Furthermore, we observe that H2O concentration may affect the degree of sulfate hydration more than S concentration. Limited H2O availability in soil‐atmosphere exchange and in subsurface recharge could explain such control exerted by H2O on salt hydration. Differences in soil thickness, ground ice table depths, atmospheric circulation, and insolation may contribute to hemispheric differences in the progression of hydration with latitude. Our observations support chemical association of H2O with S in the southern hemisphere as suggested by Karunatillake et al. (2014), including the possibility of Fe sulfates as a key mineral group.
Mechanical, Thermal, and Microscopic Profile of Novel Glass Fiber‐Reinforced Polyester Composites as a Function of Barium Sulfate Loading
Authors: Anjum Farheen , Gull Nafisa , Khan Shahzad M. , Munawar Muhammad A. , Islam Atif , Niazi Sajid I. , Zia Saba , Shafiq Muhammad , Butt Muhammad T. Z. , Jamil Tahir 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe objective of this work was to fabricate laminated glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites using different loadings of barium sulfate (BaSO4) to enhance their mechanical and thermal properties. Dispersion of BaSO4 in unsaturated polyester resin was prepared before impregnating it on glass fibers. These laminated composites were then subjected to analyze different mechanical and thermal properties. Mechanical properties of the composites were observed to be increased by increasing the BaSO4 loading up to 4 wt.%, beyond this a decreasing trend was observed. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of BaSO4‐infused glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites increased up to 70.9% and 67.9% at 4 wt.% of BaSO4, respectively. Tensile strength (77 MPa) and tensile modulus (2023.4 MPa) of these composites were also augmented up to 4 wt.% of BaSO4, after that concentration these properties were also observed to be decreased. Impact strength and hardness of these composites have also been improved significantly in the same trend as compared to the control sample. Thermal stability as a function of temperature was also enhanced by increasing the BaSO4 concentration up to 4 wt.% after which thermal stability decreased. Fractography of these composites was evaluated by optical microscopy. Hence, BaSO4 in optimum concentration was proved a striking filler for the improvement of mechanical and thermal properties of glass fiber‐reinforced polyester composites for high strength and high temperature applications.
Transition‐Metal‐Free Decarboxylative Coupling Reactions for the Synthesis of Propargyl Alcohols
Authors: Irudayanathan Francis Mariaraj , Kim Jimin , Song Kwang Ho , Lee Sunwoo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractPropargyl alcohols have been directly synthesized by decarboxylative coupling reactions with an alkynyl carboxylic acid and an aldehyde/ketone in the absence of a transition‐metal catalyst. When the decarboxylative coupling reaction was conducted with Cs2CO3 in DMSO, the desired propargyl alcohols were formed in good yield. In addition, the reactions with 2,2,2‐trifluoroacetophenone and aryl alkynyl carboxylic acids gave trifluoromethylated propargyl alcohols.
Na3SbS4: A Solution Processable Sodium Superionic Conductor for All‐Solid‐State Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Banerjee Abhik , Park Kern Ho , Heo Jongwook W. , Nam Young Jin , Moon Chang Ki , Oh Seung M. , Hong Seung‐Tae , Jung Yoon Seok 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAll‐solid‐state sodium‐ion batteries that operate at room temperature are attractive candidates for use in large‐scale energy storage systems. However, materials innovation in solid electrolytes is imperative to fulfill multiple requirements, including high conductivity, functional synthesis protocols for achieving intimate ionic contact with active materials, and air stability. A new, highly conductive (1.1 mS cm−1 at 25 °C, Ea=0.20 eV) and dry air stable sodium superionic conductor, tetragonal Na3SbS4, is described. Importantly, Na3SbS4 can be prepared by scalable solution processes using methanol or water, and it exhibits high conductivities of 0.1–0.3 mS cm−1. The solution‐processed, highly conductive solidified Na3SbS4 electrolyte coated on an active material (NaCrO2) demonstrates dramatically improved electrochemical performance in all‐solid‐state batteries.
Activation of Platinum(IV) Prodrugs By Motexafin Gadolinium as a Redox Mediator
Authors: Thiabaud Gregory , McCall Rebecca , He Guangan , Arambula Jonathan F. , Siddik Zahid H. , Sessler Jonathan L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWater‐soluble platinum(IV) prodrugs, which proved kinetically stable to reduction in the presence of physiological concentration of ascorbate, were quickly reduced to their active form, oxaliplatin, when co‐incubated with a macrocycle metallotexaphyrin (i.e., Motexafin Gadolinium (MGd)). The reduction of PtIV to PtII promoted by MGd occurs in cell culture as well, leading to an increase in the antiproliferative activity of the PtIV species in question. The mediated effect is proportional to the concentration of MGd and gives rise to an enhancement when the prodrug is relatively hydrophilic. MGd is known to localize/accumulate preferentially in tumor tissues. Thus, the present “activation by reduction” approach may allow for the cancer‐selective enhancement in the cytotoxicity of PtIV prodrugs.
Chiral Sensing of Various Amino Acids Using Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence from Europium(III) Complexes of Phenanthroline Dicarboxylic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Uchida Taka‐aki , Nozaki Koichi , Iwamura Munetaka 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCircularly polarized luminescence (CPL) was observed from [Eu(dppda)2]− (dppda=4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline‐2,9‐dicarboxylic acid) and [Eu(pzpda)2]− (pzpda=pyrazino[2,3‐f][1,10]phenanthroline‐7,10‐dicarboxylic acid) in aqueous solutions containing various amino acids. The selectivity of these complexes towards amino acids enabled them to be used as chiral sensors and their behavior was compared with that of [Eu(pda)2]− (pda=1,10‐phenanthroline‐2,9‐dicarboxylic acid). As these EuIII complexes have achiral D2d structures under ordinary conditions, there were no CPL signals in the emission assigned to f–f transitions. However, when the solutions contained particular amino acids they exhibited detectable CPL signals with glum values of about 0.1 (glum=CPL/2 TL; TL=total luminescence). On examining 13 amino acids with these three EuIII complexes, it was found that whether an amino acid induced a detectable CPL depended on the EuIII complex ligands. For example, when ornithine was used as a chiral agent, only [Eu(dppda)2]− exhibited intense CPL in aqueous solutions of 10−2 mol dm−3. Steep amino acid concentration dependence suggested that CPL in [Eu(dppda)2]− and [Eu(pzpda)2]− was induced by the association of four or more amino acid molecules, whereas CPL in [Eu(pda)2]− was induced by association of two arginine molecules.
Five‐year follow‐up of polymer‐free sirolimus‐ and probucol‐eluting stents versus new generation zotarolimus‐eluting stents in patients presenting with st‐elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Colleran Roisin , Kufner Sebastian , Harada Yukinori , Giacoppo Daniele , Cassese Salvatore , Repp Janika , Wiebe Jens , Lohaus Raphaela , Lahmann Annalena , Schneider Simon , Ibrahim Tareq , Laugwitz Karl‐Ludwig , Kastrati Adnan , Byrne Robert A. ,   for the Intracoronary Stenting and Angiographic Results: Test Efficacy of Sirolimus‐ and Probucol‐Eluting Versus Zotarolimus‐Eluting Stents (ISAR‐TEST 5) Investigators
Published: July 2016

BackgroundPatients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing drug‐eluting stent (DES) implantation are at increased risk of late adverse events, partly explained by an exaggerated inflammatory reaction to durable‐polymer stent coatings.ObjectivesWe sought to investigate whether implantation of polymer‐free DES would reduce this risk.MethodsIn the ISAR‐TEST 5 (the Intracoronary Stenting and Angiographic Results: Test Efficacy of Sirolimus‐ and Probucol‐ and Zotarolimus‐Eluting Stents) trial, patients were randomly allocated to receive a polymer‐free sirolimus‐ and probucol‐eluting stent or a new generation durable‐polymer zotarolimus‐eluting stent. We analyzed late clinical outcomes in the subgroup of patients presenting with STEMI. The primary endpoint was the combined incidence of cardiac death, target vessel‐related myocardial infarction or target lesion revascularization at 5 years.Results311 patients with STEMI were randomized to receive sirolimus‐ and probucol‐eluting stents (n = 215) or zotarolimus‐eluting stents (n = 96). At 5 years, there was no difference in the incidence of the primary endpoint in patients treated with sirolimus‐ and probucol‐eluting stents versus zotarolimus‐eluting stents (18.3% versus 20.1% respectively, hazard ratio = 0.87, 95% CI, 0.50–1.51; P = 0.62). Rates of the individual components of the primary endpoint were also comparable in both groups. The incidence of definite/probable stent thrombosis was 1.4% versus 1.0% respectively (hazard ratio = 1.35, 95% CI, 0.14–12.94, P = 0.80).ConclusionsLong‐term outcomes of patients with STEMI treated with polymer‐free sirolimus‐ and probucol‐eluting stents versus durable‐polymer zotarolimus‐eluting stents were similar. Stent thrombosis rates were low and comparable in both treatment groups, with no events beyond 12 months.Clinical Trial Registration: Registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT 00598533) © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dearomatization through Halofunctionalization Reactions
Authors: Liang Xiao‐Wei , Zheng Chao , You Shu‐Li 
Published: July 2016

AbstractRecent advances in dearomatization through halofunctionalization reactions are summarized in this Minireview. Two general categories of strategies are currently employed in this field. On one hand, the reaction can be initiated with electrophilic halogenation at an alkyne or alkene moiety. The resulting halonium ion intermediate is then captured by a pendant aromatic ring at the ipso position, affording the dearomatization product. On the other hand, electrophilic halogenation can directly take place at a substituted arene, and the final dearomatization product is furnished by deprotonation or intramolecular nucleophilic trap. Highly enantioselective variants have been realized in the latter case by organocatalysis or transition metal catalysis. By applying these methods, various valuable halogenated polycyclic molecular architectures have been obtained from readily available starting materials.
Hydroboration of Phosphaalkynes by HB(C6F5)2
Authors: Longobardi Lauren E. , Johnstone Timothy C. , Falconer Rosalyn L. , Russell Christopher A. , Stephan Douglas W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe hydroboration of phosphaalkynes with Piers’ borane (HB(C6F5)2) generated unusual phosphaalkenylboranes [RCH=PB(C6F5)2]2 that persisted as dimers in both solution and the solid state. These P2B2 heterocycles underwent ring opening when subjected to nucleophiles, such as pyridine and tert‐butylisocyanide, to yield monomeric phosphaalkenylborane adducts RCH=PB(C6F5)2(L). DFT calculations were performed to probe the nature of the interaction of phosphaalkynes with boranes.
Divergent Coupling of Alcohols and Amines Catalyzed by Isoelectronic Hydride MnI and FeII PNP Pincer Complexes
Authors: Mastalir Matthias , Glatz Mathias , Gorgas Nikolaus , Stöger Berthold , Pittenauer Ernst , Allmaier Günter , Veiros Luis F. , Kirchner Karl 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHerein, we describe an efficient coupling of alcohols and amines catalyzed by well‐defined isoelectronic hydride MnI and FeII complexes, which are stabilized by a PNP ligand based on the 2,6‐diaminopyridine scaffold. This reaction is an environmentally benign process implementing inexpensive, earth‐abundant non‐precious metal catalysts, and is based on the acceptorless alcohol dehydrogenation concept. A range of alcohols and amines including both aromatic and aliphatic substrates were efficiently converted in good to excellent isolated yields. Although in the case of Mn selectively imines were obtained, with Fe—exclusively monoalkylated amines were formed. These reactions proceed under base‐free conditions and required the addition of molecular sieves.
Production of Ultracold 87Rb133Cs in the Absolute Ground State: Complete Characterisation of the Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage Transfer
Authors: Molony Peter K. , Gregory Philip D. , Kumar Avinash , Le Sueur C. Ruth , Hutson Jeremy M. , Cornish Simon L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present the production of ultracold 87RbCs molecules in the electronic, rovibrational and hyperfine ground state, using stimulated Raman adiabatic passage to transfer the molecules from a weakly bound Feshbach state. We measure one‐way transfer efficiencies of 92(1)% and fully characterise the strengths and linewidths of the transitions used. We model the transfer, including a Monte Carlo simulation of the laser noise, and find this matches well with both the transfer efficiency and our previous measurements of the laser linewidth and frequency stability.
Infrared Photodissociation Spectroscopy of C4N−, C6N− and C8N−
Authors: Stanca‐Kaposta E. Cristina , Schwaneberg Falko , Fagiani Matias R. , Lalanne Matthieu , Wöste Ludger , Asmis Knut R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe gas‐phase vibrational spectroscopy of cold C2nN− (n=2–4) anions is investigated in the CC and CN multiple bond stretching region (1700–2250 cm−1) by means of infrared photodissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy in a cryogenically cooled ion trap of the corresponding messenger‐tagged complexes. The IRPD spectra are assigned to N‐terminated linear structures with triplet ground states (3Σ−) based on a comparison with harmonic vibrational frequencies and intensities from density functional theory computations. In contrast to the polyacetylenic C2n+1N− anions, the linear C−C chains investigated here exhibit cumulenic character, which is most pronounced in C4N− and decreases with chain length. Additional intense transitions are observed for C6N− above 3000 cm−1 and are attributed to overtone and combination bands involving the CC stretching modes, based on anharmonic computations. The influence of a D2 tag on the vibrational features of C2nN− anions is shown to be small.
Lightweight Ionic Networks Composed of Li+ or Mg2+ Centres Linked Together by Dicarboxylate Ligands
Authors: White Keith F. , Abrahams Brendan F. , Hudson Timothy A. , Robson Richard 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe combination of lightweight metal cations with a range of dicarboxylate ligands has led to the generation of ionic network materials that possess channels occupied by solvent molecules. The compounds [Li2(2,2‐bpdc)(DMF)2] and [Mg(2,2‐bpdc)(DMF)2] (2,2‐bpdc=2,2‐dipyridyl‐4,4‐dicarboxylate) adopt a similar structure in which parallel metal–carboxylate chains are linked to four equivalent chains to generate a 3 D network in which DMF molecules occupy channels. [Li4(3,5‐pdc)2(DMF)]⋅solvate (3,5‐pdc=3,5‐pyridine dicarboxylate) adopts a similar structure but the chains are more complex. As with the other structures, coordinated DMF molecules occupy network channels. [Li4(3,5‐pdc)2(DMF)]⋅solvate is able to adsorb carbon dioxide at elevated pressures with the adsorption following a type V isotherm; hysteresis is apparent upon desorption. The final compound, Li[Mg3OH(2,2‐bqdc)3(DMF/H2O)3]⋅solvate (2,2‐bqdc=2,2‐biquinoline‐4,4‐dicarboxylate) has a distinctly different structure in which a trio of magnesium centres bound to a central μ3‐hydroxide ion serves as a 6‐connecting, trigonal prismatic node within a 3 D network that has the point symbol, 4966. Solvent‐filled intraframework spaces represent over 50 % of the crystal volume and are occupied by highly disordered solvent and Li+ ions. Immersion of Li[Mg3OH(2,2‐bqdc)3(DMF/H2O)3]⋅solvate in a solution of Fe(2,2‐bipyridine)32+ results in the incorporation of the FeII complex into the large channels of the anionic network.
A Luminescent Zinc(II) Metal–Organic Framework for Selective Detection of Nitroaromatics, Fe3+ and CrO42−: A Versatile Threefold Fluorescent Sensor
Authors: Li Bao‐Hong , Wu Jian , Liu Jian‐Qiang , Gu Chu‐Ying , Xu Jing‐Wen , Luo Miao‐Miao , Yadav Reena , Kumar Abhinav , Batten Stuart R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA new ZnII metal–organic framework, [Zn6(L)3(DMA)4]⋅5 DMA (H4L=[1,1′:3′,1′′‐terphenyl]‐3,3′′,5,5′′‐tetracarboxylic acid, DMA=dimethylacetamide), has been synthesized and characterized. The structure contains a three‐dimensional 3,4,4,6‐connected net with (4.62)2(66)(66)(42.610.83) topology and displays selective detection of nitrobenzene, CrO42− and Fe3+ ions. The present work thus indicates that this metal–organic framework could be a prospective candidate for developing novel luminescence sensors for the selective sensing of nitrobenzene, which can be used as a precursor for explosives. Furthermore, the photoluminescent properties of this material in different solvents and with various analytes were investigated and corroborated by theoretical calculations. The results were in good agreement with the experimental solvent‐dependent luminescence behavior.
Enhanced multicarrier techniques for narrowband and broadband PMR coexistence
Authors: Bulusu S. S. Chaitanya , Renfors Markku , Yli‐Kaakinen Juha , Shaiek Hmaied , Roviras Daniel 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe coexistence of broadband systems with currently deployed professional mobile radio (PMR) communication systems like public protection and disaster relief has gained much deserved attention. Recently, it has been shown that a conventional orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)‐based long‐term evolution (LTE) system needs sufficient guard‐band or additional filtering in order to coexist in a PMR band, even without considering the radio frequency (RF) impairments of the transmitter. In practice, it is imperative to take into account the RF impairments in radio communication systems, such as the non‐linear (NL) nature of a high power amplifier (PA). This paper aims at investigating some enhanced multicarrier techniques allowing the coexistence of narrowband and broadband PMR systems that can support asynchronism, have low latency, and be able to be operated with NL devices. The simulation results show that a LTE‐like post‐OFDM broadband system working with NL PA devices can still coexist with legacy PMR systems with high spectrum and energy efficiencies when proper PA linearisation techniques are applied in combination with effective peak‐to‐average power ratio reduction methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Purification and characterisation of a salt‐stable protease from the halophilic archaeonHalogranum rubrum
Authors: Gao Ruichang , Shi Tong , Liu Xiangdong , Zhao Mengqin , Cui Henglin , Yuan Li 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDBecause proteases play an important role in the fermentation of fish sauce, the purification and characterisation of an extracellular protease from the halophilic archaeonHalogranum rubrumwas investigated.RESULTSThe molecular mass of the protease was estimated to be approximately 47 kDa based on sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electropheresis (SDS‐PAGE) and native‐PAGE analysis. The optimum conditions for catalytic activity were pH 8.0 and 50°C. The protease showed alkaline stability (pH 7.0–10.0). The protease also exhibited novel catalytic ability over a broad range of salinity (NaCl 0–3 mol L−1). Calcium ion enhanced the proteolytic activity of the enzyme. TheKmandVmaxvalues of the purified protease for casein were calculated to be 4.89 mg mL−1and 1111.11 U mL−1, respectively. The protease was strongly inhibited by ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride (PMSF). Meanwhile, the protease was stable in the presence of Triton X‐100, isopropanol, ethanol or dithio‐bis‐nitrobenzoic (DTNB), but was inhibited by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or methanol. MALDI ‐TOF/TOF MS analysis revealed that the protease shared some functional traits with protease produced byHalogranum salarium. Furthermore, it exhibited high hydrolytic activity on silver carp myosin protein.CONCLUSIONThe protease is an alkaline and salt‐tolerant enzyme that hydrolyses silver carp myosin with high efficiency. These excellent characteristics make this protease an attractive candidate for industrial use in low‐salt fish sauce fermentation. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
The Effect of Alcohol and Carbonyl Functional Groups on the Competition between Unimolecular Decomposition and Isomerization in C4 and C5 Alkoxy Radicals
Authors: Dames Enoch E. , Green William H. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTPresented here are computed rates for the thermal unimolecular decomposition of a variety of alkoxy radicals with four‐ and five‐carbon length backbones. Three classes of molecules are examined: alkoxy radicals with saturated hydrocarbon backbones, those with alcohol functional groups, and those with carbonyl functional groups. The chosen species represent many of those found during the combustion of fossil fuels as well as bio‐derived alternatives. Density functional theory calculations were benchmarked against higher level coupled cluster calculations and used to explore the potential energy surfaces of these systems. Transition state theory was used to calculate high‐pressure limit rate coefficients of all radical intermediates in the regimes relevant to atmospheric chemistry and combustion. We show that the assumption that alkoxy radicals quickly decompose via β‐scission to aldehydes and other radicals is not valid for some of the alkoxy radicals investigated in this work. We further illustrate how intra‐H migrations in larger alkoxy radicals with carbonyl and alcohol functional groups can dominate unimolecular decomposition under combustion and atmospheric relevant conditions. Finally, we discuss why carbonyl groups can increase or decrease intra‐H migration barriers depending on their location relative to the transferring H‐atom.