bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Financial Barriers to Reducing Nitrogen Pollution in Dutch Dairy Farms
Authors: Lamkowsky Melina , Ang Frederic , Meuwissen Miranda P.M. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryNitrogen fertiliser boosts agricultural yields, but its excessive use destabilises ecosystems. That is why Dutch policy makers want to reduce nitrogen pollution on dairy farms. Cleaner technologies and structural changes could reduce farm emissions. We benchmarked farms, organised an expert consultation, and reviewed the literature to determine the degree to which the lack of available internal and external finance is a barrier to reducing nitrogen pollution. Although the average dairy farm in our sample can finance these investments, a significant share of farmers cannot. We find that investments vastly drain the currently accessible finances available to dairy farmers. Subsidies to reduce the price of investments and measures to increase farm net cash flows could mitigate this problem, while equity funds or preferential interest rate systems would be ineffective. Farm management is not bound by access to finance. Our findings suggest that improved management could vastly reduce the accumulation of nitrogen surplus on farms. Interestingly, we estimate that this can be achieved while increasing profits. The wide‐scale adoption of best practices can be facilitated by establishing and financing advisory services and peer learning programmes to spread knowledge and awareness.
A case of leiomyosarcoma originating from the azygos vein
Authors: Shimura Masatoshi , Kobayashi Nobutaka , Miyazawa Masahisa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLeiomyosarcoma is a soft‐tissue sarcoma that accounts for less than 1% of all malignant tumors. Furthermore, leiomyosarcoma accounts for 6% of all soft tissue sarcomas, and leiomyosarcoma of azygos vein origin is extremely rare. In this report, we describe a case of leiomyosarcoma derived from an azygos vein that was completely resected. A 78‐year‐old male patient was incidentally found to have a mediastinal mass during a computed tomography (CT) scan performed for the evaluation of prostate cancer. Bronchoscopic needle biopsy revealed the mass to be a leiomyosarcoma. Preoperative contrast‐enhanced CT demonstrated a filling defect in the azygos vein, suggesting the tumor's origin from this structure. Video‐assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was performed to resect the mediastinal tumor. The tumor was found to have minimal adhesions to surrounding tissues and no evidence of local invasion, although findings suggested it originated from the azygos vein. Consequently, en bloc resection of the azygos vein was performed. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma originating from the azygos vein, and complete resection was performed.
Life on the edge: A new toolbox for population‐level climate change vulnerability assessments
Authors: Barratt Christopher D. , Onstein Renske E. , Pinsky Malin L. , Steinfartz Sebastian , Kühl Hjalmar S. , Forester Brenna R. , Razgour Orly 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global change is impacting biodiversity across all habitats on earth. New selection pressures from changing climatic conditions and other anthropogenic activities are creating heterogeneous ecological and evolutionary responses across many species' geographic ranges. Yet we currently lack standardised and reproducible tools to effectively predict the resulting patterns in species vulnerability to declines or range changes.

We developed an informatic toolbox that integrates ecological, environmental and genomic data and analyses (environmental dissimilarity, species distribution models, landscape connectivity, neutral and adaptive genetic diversity, genotype‐environment associations and genomic offset) to estimate population vulnerability. In our toolbox, functions and data structures are coded in a standardised way so that it is applicable to any species or geographic region where appropriate data are available, for example individual or population sampling and genomic datasets (e.g. RAD‐seq, ddRAD‐seq, whole genome sequencing data) representing environmental variation across the species geographic range.

To demonstrate multi‐species applicability, we apply our toolbox to three georeferenced genomic datasets for co‐occurring East African spiny reed frogs (Afrixalus fornasini, A. delicatus and A. sylvaticus) to predict their population vulnerability, as well as demonstrating that range loss projections based on adaptive variation can be accurately reproduced from a previous study using data for two European bat species (Myotis escalerai and M. crypticus).

Our framework sets the stage for large scale, multi‐species genomic datasets to be leveraged in a novel climate change vulnerability framework to quantify intraspecific differences in genetic diversity, local adaptation, range shifts and population vulnerability based on exposure, sensitivity and landscape barriers.
Omalizumab is effective and safe in chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU): Real‐world data from a large multi‐national UCARE study
Authors: Soegiharto R. , Alizadeh Aghdam M. , Sørensen J. A. , van Lindonk E. , Bulut Demir F. , Mohammad Porras N. , Matsuo Y. , Kiefer L. , Knulst A. C. , Maurer M. , Ritchie C. , Rudenko M. , Kocatürk E. , Criado R. F. J. , Gregoriou S. , Bobylev T. , Kleinheinz A. , Takahagi S. , Hide M. , Giménez‐Arnau A. M. , Salman A. , Kara R. Oztas , Dikicier B. S. , van Doorn M. B. A. , Thomsen S. F. , van den Reek J. M. P. A. , Röckmann H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLong‐term data on the effectiveness and safety of omalizumab for chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU) in large populations are lacking.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness, safety, estimated omalizumab treatment duration and its predictors, as well as differences between CIndU subtypes, in a large long‐term CIndU cohort.MethodsA multinational multicenter study was conducted at 14 specialized urticaria centres (UCAREs), including all CIndU patients ever treated with omalizumab from 2009 until July 2022. Kaplan–Meier survival and regression analyses were performed.ResultsAcross 234 CIndU patients (55% female; mean age 37 years), 76% (n = 178) had standalone CIndU and 24% (n = 56) had predominant CIndU plus minor CSU, with an observation period up to 13 years. Most CIndU patients (73%, n = 145/200 with available data on response) had complete/good response to omalizumab treatment, without significant differences between CIndU subtypes. Sixty‐two (26%) patients discontinued omalizumab; due to well‐controlled disease (47%, n = 29), ineffectiveness (34%, n = 21), side effects (3%, n = 2), combination of ineffectiveness and side effects (3%, n = 2) and other reasons (13%, n = 8). The median estimated omalizumab treatment duration exceeded 5 years (54% drug survival at 5 years) and was mostly determined by well‐controlled disease. Higher age predicted a lower chance to discontinue omalizumab due to well‐controlled disease (HR 0.969, 95%CI 0.945–0.995). CIndU subtype and presence of minor CSU were not related to response and time until omalizumab discontinuation for any reason.ConclusionOmalizumab is highly effective and safe in CIndU patients, with long estimated treatment duration mainly reflecting long disease duration. Our data show omalizumab's high potential as treatment in any subtype of CIndU and support its clinical use for these patients.
Children had smaller brain volumes and cortical surface areas after prenatal opioid maintenance therapy exposure
Authors: Aslaksen Anne Kathinka , Bjuland Knut Jørgen , Hoem Mari Leirdal , Horgen Gro , Haugen Olav H. , Skranes Jon , Aukland Stein Magnus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThe studies have shown that infants with prenatal OMT exposure had smaller brain volumes than non‐exposed controls, but long‐term outcome data are lacking. We examined 5–13‐year‐old OMT‐exposed children with brain MRI and tested motor and visual‐motor functions and possible associations between brain morphology and outcome.MethodsTo this retrospective cohort study, we recruited 55 children with prenatal OMT exposure and 59 age‐ and gender‐matched controls. They were examined with brain MRI, Movement‐ABC and Beery‐VMI. MRI images were processed with the Free Surfer® software to obtain volumetrics and estimates of cortical surface area and thickness. We used a general linear regression model (GLM) to calculate group differences.ResultsThe children in the OMT group had smaller mean total intracranial volume (ICV), 1407 cm3 (CI 95% 1379–1434) versus 1450 cm3 (CI 95% 1423–1476) in the control group (p = 0.026). After adjusting for ICV, significant group differences persisted for volumes of amygdala, basal ganglia and mid‐posterior part of corpus callosum. Cortical surface area was smaller in the left caudal middle frontal gyrus and the right inferior parietal lobule in the OMT‐group. Visual‐motor function was significantly correlated with ICV.ConclusionPrenatal OMT exposure may alter early brain development with possible negative long‐term functional consequences.
Do geographic distance, cultural distance, and political hazards equally matter for Japanese firms' outbound mergers and acquisitions? A firm‐ and deal‐level empirical analysis
Authors: Jiang Yanwen , Noma Mikiharu 
Published: October 2024

Several studies on cultural clusters classify Japan as independent, meaning that wherever Japanese firms go abroad, they must adapt to very different environments. This study examines how Japanese firms treat deterrent effects of geographic distance, cultural distance, and political hazards and whether the deterrent effects may vary with firm size, firm age, and ownership solution. Results using data on Japanese firms' outbound mergers and acquisitions (M&A) from 2010 to 2019 reveal that (1) only the deterrent effect of geographic distance is absolute. (2) Larger firms with larger slack resources in their home country are less concerned about geographic distances and political hazards. (3) Older firms, exposed to typical practices and norms for a long time, are less adaptable to cultural distances. (4) The deterrent effect of geographic distance is weaker for complete control mode on the one hand, on the other hand, the moderating effect of complete control mode on political hazards hinges on firm size and age due to trade‐offs between integration benefits and resource/experience constraints.
Energy demand pattern analysis in South Korea using hidden Markov model‐based classification
Authors: Lee Jaeyong , Hwang Beom Seuk 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnderstanding energy demand patterns in the residential sector is crucial for improving energy efficiency through demand‐side management. Load curve classification is a useful method for analyzing energy demand patterns. In this paper, we employ a hidden Markov model (HMM)‐based classification to residential load curves in South Korea. We also investigate how the number of hidden states affects classification performance by allowing HMM to train with a different number of hidden states for each class. We compare our HMM‐based method with several state‐of‐the‐art models and find that it outperforms other competing models in multiple datasets. Additionally, we use the fitted HMM model to make inferences about the load curves, gaining deeper insights into energy demand patterns.
How parenting styles affect the development of language skills and reading comprehension in primary school students
Authors: Yu Liyan , Huang Jing , Liu Phil Duo , Yeung Susanna Siu‐Sze , Lin Dan , Cheung Him , Tong Xiuhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThis study examined how parenting styles influence children's language skills and reading comprehension.Materials and MethodsSix hundred and eighty‐five Chinese‐speaking third graders (Mage = 9.23 years, SD = .66; 341 girls) were randomly recruited from eight primary schools. We measured students' primary caregivers' parenting styles, parental education, family income, migration status, number of children's extracurricular books in the home and family cohesion at Wave 1 (i.e. grade 3). We also assessed students' reading motivation, language skills (i.e. vocabulary knowledge and syntactic awareness) and reading comprehension at Wave 2 (i.e. grade 4).ResultsThe structural equation model analysis revealed that parenting styles indirectly affect language and reading comprehension development, with authoritative and authoritarian parenting exerting different influences on the two outcomes. Specifically, authoritative parenting was positively related to the number of children's books, which in turn was directly, or indirectly through reading motivation, associated with children's language skills and reading comprehension. In contrast, authoritarian parenting was negatively related to family cohesion, which was associated with children's reading motivation, and consequently, their language skills and reading comprehension. The multigroup analysis showed that the indirect pathways varied slightly across parental migration statuses.Discussion and ConclusionThese findings enhance the global understanding of the pathways linking parenting styles to children's language skills and reading comprehension, suggesting that educators and researchers should not overly emphasize the direct role of parenting styles in children's academic performance.
Genomic and transcriptomic profiling of pre‐ and postneoadjuvant chemotherapy triple negative breast cancer tumors
Authors: Nishimura Tomomi , Velaga Ravi , Masuda Norikazu , Kawaguchi Kosuke , Kawaguchi Shuji , Takada Masahiro , Maeshima Yurina , Tanaka Sunao , Kikawa Yuichiro , Kadoya Takayuki , Bando Hiroko , Nakamura Rikiya , Yamamoto Yutaka , Ueno Takayuki , Yasojima Hiroyuki , Ishiguro Hiroshi , Morita Satoshi , Ohno Shinji , Haga Hironori , Matsuda Fumihiko , Ogawa Seishi , Toi Masakazu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOur understanding of neoadjuvant treatment with microtubule inhibitors (MTIs) for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains limited. To advance our understanding of the role of breast cancer driver genes' mutational status with pathological complete response (pCR; ypT0/isypN0) prediction and to identify distinct gene sets for MTIs like eribulin and paclitaxel, we carried out targeted genomic (n = 50) and whole transcriptomic profiling (n = 64) of TNBC tumor samples from the Japan Breast Cancer Research Group 22 (JBCRG‐22) clinical trial. Lower PIK3CA, PTEN, and HRAS mutations were found in homologous recombination deficiency (HRD)‐high (HRD score ≥ 42) tumors with higher pCR rates. When HRD‐high tumors were stratified by tumor BRCA mutation status, the pCR rates in BRCA2‐mutated tumors were higher (83% vs. 36%). Transcriptomic profiling of TP53‐positive tumors identified downregulation of FGFR2 (false discovery rate p value = 2.07e‐7), which was also the only common gene between HRD‐high and ‐low tumors with pCR/quasi‐pCR treated with paclitaxel and eribulin combined with carboplatin, respectively. Differential enrichment analysis of the HRD‐high group posttreatment tumors revealed significant correlation (p = 0.006) of the glycan degradation pathway. FGFR2 expression and the differentially enriched pathways play a role in the response and resistance to MTIs containing carboplatin treatment in TNBC patients.
CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells: Key players in antitumor immunity
Authors: Ma Jiajin , Wu Yue , Wu Shaoxian , Fang Zhang , Chen Lujun , Jiang Jingting , Zheng Xiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCX3CR1 functions as the specific receptor for the chemokine CX3CL1, demonstrating expression across a broad spectrum of immune cells. This underscores its pivotal role in communication and response mechanisms within the immune system. Upon engagement with CX3CL1, CX3CR1 initiates a cascade of downstream signaling pathways that regulate various biological functions. In the context of tumor progression, the intricate and inhibitory nature of the tumor microenvironment presents a significant challenge to current clinical treatment techniques. This review aims to comprehensively explore the tumor‐destructive potential shown by CX3CR1+CD8+ T cells. Simultaneously, it investigates the promising prospects of utilizing CX3CR1 in future tumor immunotherapies.
Myopia and systemic manifestation of tissue hyperlaxity: A population‐based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Hecht Idan , Nitzan Itay , Safir Margarita 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundWhether non‐syndromic connective tissue hyperlaxity is associated with myopia is unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the association between systemic signs of tissue hyperlaxity and myopia among adolescents.MethodsIncluded were adolescents assessed before mandatory military service at the age of 16–18 years between 2011 and 2022. Diagnoses of hernias, pes planus, genu varus, genu valgum, and scoliosis, as well as joint injuries were used as surrogate markers for tissue hyperlaxity. The prevalence of these events among adolescents with myopia was evaluated and compared to the non‐myopic population.ResultsIncluded were 920 806 adolescents. The mean age was 17.4 ± 1.4 years and 58.6% were men. Myopia was diagnosed in 290 759 adolescents (31.6%) and high myopia in 24 069 adolescents (2.6%). The prevalence of hernias was higher among adolescents with myopia, (2.76%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 2.69%–2.82% vs. 2.60%, 95% CI: 2.57%–2.65%), as were pes planus (14.92%, 95% CI: 14.79–15.05 vs. 13.51%, 95% CI: 13.42–13.59) and scoliosis (9.14%, 95% CI: 9.03–9.24 vs. 7.69%, 95%CI: 7.62–7.76). The prevalence of joint injuries was clinically similar between groups (less than 0.1% difference for ankle, shoulder, and knee injuries), as were genu varum and genu valgum (0.66%, 95%CI: 0.64%–0.69% vs. 0.68%, 95% CI: 0.66–0.70, respectively). Adjusted for possible confounders results remained consistent.ConclusionsAmong a large sample of Israeli adolescents, those with myopia had a higher prevalence of hernias, pes planus, and scoliosis. These results could suggest a propensity for systemic conditions related to tissue laxity among myopic adolescents.
Metabolic outcomes in women 6 months and 2 years after preeclampsia versus normotensive pregnancy: A P4 study
Authors: Esber Yamema , Gow Megan L. , McLennan Sarah , Sushil Sathia , Roberts Lynne M. , Brown Mark , Mangos George , Pettit Franziska , Davis Greg K. , O'Sullivan Anthony J. , Henry Amanda 
Published: October 2024

SummaryPreeclampsia is associated with an increased risk of long‐term cardiometabolic disease; however, little is known regarding metabolic factors in the early postpartum years potentially contributing to these health disparities. This study aimed to compare body composition, serum biochemical parameters, energy balance and diet 6 months and 2 years after normotensive pregnancy versus preeclampsia. This is the longitudinal metabolic sub‐study of the Postpartum Physiology, Psychology and Paediatric cohort study. Women were assessed 6 months and 2 years after normotensive pregnancy (n = 118) and preeclampsia (n = 47). Metabolic measures included anthropometry, body composition via bioelectrical impedance analysis, serum biochemical parameters, diet via a food recall diary, and 24‐h energy expenditure using SenseWear Armbands. Two years postpartum, women after preeclampsia continued to have significantly higher weight (median 67.1 kg vs. 63.1 kg, p = .04) compared to normotensive pregnancies, in addition to higher LDL cholesterol levels (2.7 ± 0.8 mmol/L vs. 2.4 ± 0.6 mmol/L, p = .03). These women were also more likely to have an elevated HOMA‐IR score ≥2.08 (44% vs. 19%, p = .01). For all women in our study, waist‐to‐hip ratio, percent fat mass and activity‐associated energy expenditure improved overtime. However, HDL cholesterol levels deteriorated, and excess saturated fat and sodium intake persisted from 6 months postpartum. Therefore, two years after preeclampsia, women remain at greater metabolic risk than their normotensive counterparts, with greater weight, LDL cholesterol and markers of insulin resistance, potentially contributing to long‐term cardiovascular morbidity and requiring early intervention.
The Association of Interleukin‐36 Staining Intensity and Response to Biologic Therapy in Patients With Psoriasis: A Retrospective Immunohistochemical and Chart Review Pilot Study
Authors: Zhang William R. , Bhutani Tina , North Jeffrey P. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThere are limited surrogate biomarkers to identify the active inflammatory pathway in psoriasis to direct treatment with targeted biologic therapies. We investigated the association of interleukin (IL)‐36 epidermal expression, a diagnostic marker of psoriasis, with response to biologic therapy in patients with psoriasis.MethodsRetrospective immunohistochemical and chart review pilot study.ResultsPatients with psoriasis with low (scores 0–2) vs. high (scores 3–4) IL‐36 expression did not have significantly different response rates to tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), IL‐17, and IL‐12/23 or IL‐23 inhibitors; and similarly, mean IL‐36 expression scores did not significantly differ among responders vs. non‐responders to each treatment mechanism. However, in patients with psoriasis treated with IL‐12/23 or IL‐23 inhibitors, there was a marked absolute difference in response rates in those with high vs. low IL‐36 (84% vs. 50%, p = 0.12) and in mean IL‐36 scores in responders vs. non‐responders (3.35 vs. 2.57, p = 0.19).ConclusionsPatients with psoriasis with high IL‐36 expression were more likely to respond to IL‐12/23 and IL‐23 inhibition than those with low IL‐36, though these findings were not statistically significant. Additional studies with larger sample sizes are needed to validate and expand upon these findings.
Relationship of high‐density lipoprotein subfractions and apolipoprotein A‐I with fat in the pancreas
Authors: Liu Yutong , Shamaitijiang Xiatiguli , Skudder‐Hill Loren , Kimita Wandia , Sequeira‐Bisson Ivana R. , Petrov Maxim S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo investigate the associations of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions and apolipoprotein A‐I (apo A‐I) with fat in the pancreas.MethodsA total of 170 individuals were studied. All participants underwent magnetic resonance imaging on a single 3.0‐Tesla scanner to determine the presence/absence of fatty pancreas. HDL subfractions were measured using a commercially available lipoprotein subfractions testing system and classed as large, intermediate and small HDL. Both unadjusted and adjusted (accounting for demographics, anthropometrics, insulin resistance and other covariates) logistic regression models were built.ResultsIndividuals with fatty pancreas had significantly lower circulating levels of the large HDL class and apo A‐I. Every unit decrease in the large HDL class was associated with a 93% increase in the likelihood of fatty pancreas in the most adjusted model (P < .001). Every unit decrease in apo A‐I was associated with a 45% increase in the likelihood of fatty pancreas in the most adjusted model (P = .012). The intermediate and small HDL classes were not significantly associated with fatty pancreas.ConclusionsFat in the pancreas is inversely associated with the circulating levels of large HDL particles and apo A‐I. Purposely designed studies are warranted to investigate the potential of fatty pancreas as an indicator of the risk of cardiovascular diseases.