bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate up‐regulates microRNA‐199a‐3p expression by down‐regulating the expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 in stimulated human osteoarthritis chondrocytes
Authors: Rasheed Zafar , Rasheed Naila , Al‐Shobaili Hani A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOsteoarthritis (OA) is a most common form of arthritis worldwide leading to significant disability. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non‐coding RNAs involved in various aspects of cartilage development, homoeostasis and pathology. Several miRNAs have been identified which have shown to regulate expression of target genes relevant to OA pathogenesis such as matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13, cyclooxygenase (COX)‐2, etc. Epigallocatechin‐3‐O‐gallate (EGCG), the most abundant and active polyphenol in green tea, has been reported to have anti‐arthritic effects, however, the role of EGCG in the regulation of miRNAs has not been investigated in OA. Here, we showed that EGCG inhibits COX‐2 mRNA/protein expression or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production via up‐regulating microRNA hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p expression in interleukin (IL)‐1β‐stimulated human OA chondrocytes. This negative co‐regulation of hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p and COX‐2 by EGCG was confirmed by transfection of OA chondrocytes with anti‐miR‐199a‐3p. Transfection of OA chondrocytes with anti‐miR‐199a‐3p significantly enhanced COX‐2 expression and PGE2 production (P < 0.001), while EGCG treatment significantly inhibited anti‐miR‐199a‐3p transfection‐induced COX‐2 expression or PGE2 production in a dose‐dependent manner. These results were further re‐validated by co‐treatment of these transfection OA chondrocytes with IL‐1β and EGCG. EGCG treatment consistently up‐regulated the IL‐1β‐decreased hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p expression (P < 0.05) and significantly inhibited the IL‐1β‐induced COX‐2 expression/PGE2 production (P < 0.05) in OA chondrocytes transfected with anti‐hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p. Taken together, these results clearly indicate that EGCG inhibits COX‐2 expression/PGE2 production via up‐regulation of hsa‐miR‐199a‐3p expression. These novel pharmacological actions of EGCG on IL‐1β‐stimulated human OA chondrocytes provide new suggestions that EGCG or EGCG‐derived compounds inhibit cartilage breakdown or pain by up‐regulating the expression of microRNAs in human chondrocytes.
Late childhood interpersonal callousness and conduct problem trajectories interact to predict adult psychopathy
Authors: Hawes Samuel W. , Byrd Amy L. , Waller Rebecca , Lynam Donald R. , Pardini Dustin A. 
Published: August 2016

BackgroundStudies have demonstrated a robust association between interpersonal callousness (IC) and the development of severe and chronic conduct problems (CP) in youth. Although children exhibiting IC are also believed to be at particularly high risk for developing psychopathic personality features in adulthood, there is little longitudinal evidence supporting this assumption, particularly after controlling for co‐occuring CP severity.MethodsThis study used data collected on a longitudinal cohort of boys (n = 508), with an oversampling of youth exhibiting elevated conduct problems. Analyses examined the unique and interactive association between latent growth curve trajectories of IC and CP assessed bi‐annually from late childhood to early adolescence (~ages 10–13) and features of psychopathy in early adulthood (age ~ 24) assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist – Short Version (PCL:SV; Hart, Cox, & Hare, 1995).ResultsGrowth curve analysis indicated that initial levels of IC and CP in childhood (~age 10 intercept) both uniquely predicted the development of the interpersonal/affective features of adult psychopathy, and boys with a combination of high initial levels of IC and CP were at particularly high risk for developing the impulsive/antisocial features of the disorder. Boys who exhibited systematic increases in CP from late childhood to early adolescence also demonstrated higher adult psychopathy scores, but changes in IC across this developmental period did not significantly add to the prediction of adult psychopathy.ConclusionsFindings highlight the importance of developing targeted interventions for boys exhibiting severe IC and CP in childhood, as they appear to be at high risk for developing adult psychopathic features.
New insights into potential risk factors and associations in genital lichen sclerosus: Data from a multicentre Italian study on 729 consecutive cases
Authors: Virgili A. , Borghi A. , Cazzaniga S. , Di Landro A. , Naldi L. , Minghetti S. , Verrone A. , Stroppiana E. , Caproni M. , Nasca M.R. , D'Antuono A. , Papini M. , Di Lernia V. , Corazza M. ,   the GLS Italian Study Group
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundLimited data are available on risk factors associated with lichen sclerosus and no data are available on gender differences in genital lichen sclerosus (GLS).ObjectiveThis multicentre study aimed at identifying potential risk factors for GLS, through data collection from a large, mixed‐sex sample of patients comparing gender‐related differences in relation to data from the general population.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study on 729 subjects (53.8% females, 46.2% males) affected with GLS, consecutively observed within a network of 15 Italian dermatology units. The following information was collected: demographic data, anthropometric measures, comorbidities, family history of LS, clinical features and symptoms related to GLS.ResultsOverweight and obesity, blood hypertension, hypothyroidism and an educational attainment equal or above upper secondary school level were more frequent among the study patients than among the general Italian population. Moreover, a family history of GLS was reported more frequently than expected among GLS patients. These factors were similar in males and females. The disease tended to occur later in females than in males.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that metabolic factors, and possibly a sedentary lifestyle, may play a role in GLS pathogenesis in genetically predisposed patients, and that risk profile is similar in males and females despite some difference in the onset of symptoms.
Basophil CD63 expression in chronic spontaneous urticaria: correlation with allergic sensitization, serum autoreactivity and basophil reactivity
Authors: Chen Q. , Zhai Z. , Xu J. , Chen W. , Chen S. , Zhong H. , Huang X. , Hao F. , Song Z. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe underlying causes and factors contributing to the disease severity of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are unknown.ObjectiveGiven the important role of basophils in the pathogenesis of urticaria and that CD63 serves as a useful marker for basophil activation and detecting, CD63 expression of basophils is a reliable tool for diagnosing allergy and hypersensitivity reactions to different allergens; the objective of this study was to investigate whether the level of basophil CD63 expression is correlated with allergen sensitization, serum autoreactivity and basophil reactivity in patients with CSU.MethodsBasophil‐enriched leucocytes were separated from the blood of 64 patients with chronic urticaria (54 CSU patients and 10 symptomatic dermographism patients), 18 healthy control subjects and seven atopic donors without urticaria. Flow cytometry was then used to detect CD63 expression on the cell membrane of basophils from all samples. Analysis was also preformed on basophils incubated with sera from CSU patients with positive or negative autologous serum skin test (ASST).ResultsCD63 expression was significantly higher in the basophils from patients with CSU than in those from patients with symptomatic dermographism and the healthy control group. The levels of CD63 expression in CSU patients with ASST+ and/or allergen sensitization were higher than those with ASST− and/or no allergen sensitization patients. Incubation with ASST+ serum resulted in an increased expression of CD63 in the basophils of ASST+ CSU patients, whereas no such response was observed in healthy controls or ASST− CSU patients.ConclusionThe increased CD63 expression in basophils from CSU patients may correlate with allergen sensitization, autoreactivity of serum and basophil reactivity. Our results suggest that CD63 may contribute new insight into the pathogenesis of CSU.
Survival of acral lentiginous melanoma in the National Cancer Institute of Colombia
Authors: Duarte C.A. , Flórez J.P. , López H.G. , Meneses M.X. , de Vries E. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine survival of a cohort of patients with acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM), treated at the National Cancer Institute of Colombia, the largest referral hospital of the country.MethodsAll patients diagnosed with an invasive ALM between 2003 and 2009 at the Colombian National Cancer Institute were included for analyses and followed for vital status and date of death. Using Kaplan–Meier methods, overall survival at 1, 3 and 5 years post diagnosis was determined, and Cox proportional hazards models were constructed for the variables showing a significant effect on survival in univariate analyses.ResultsOverall survival of this cohort of 90 patients was 77% at 1 year, 59% at 3 years and 54% at 5 years after diagnosis. Females had a better prognosis in univariate analyses but this advantage disappeared in multivariate models. Clinical stage was a strong predictor of survival, in univariate and multivariate models, particularly among elderly patients.ConclusionsPrognosis of ALM in Colombia is relatively poor, particularly for patients with higher clinical stage. The large proportions of ALM diagnosed in stage III and IV explain the relatively poor survival, and illustrate the importance of improving prognosis by lowering stage at diagnosis through better education and early detection programmes.
Telbivudine therapy for chronic hepatitis B: A journey to identify super‐responders and to optimize treatment using the roadmap model
Authors: Kao Jia‐Horng , Asselah Tarik , Dou Xiao‐Guang , Hamed Kamal 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the most serious health problems worldwide with a high risk for cirrhosis and liver cancer. Several antiviral agents have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, leading to a rapid reduction in HBV DNA and normalization of serum alanine aminotransferase levels. Telbivudine, a potent inhibitor of HBV replication, has been shown to be well tolerated. Because of the emergence of drug resistance, optimization strategies for telbivudine therapy have been shown to improve patient responses. Optimal baseline characteristics in so‐called super‐responders have been used to predict the virological response. Baseline HBV DNA levels < 9 log10 copies/mL (2 × 108 IU/mL) or alanine aminotransferase levels of more than or equal to twofold the upper limit of normal in HBeAg‐positive patients and HBV DNA < 7 log10 copies/mL (2 × 106 IU/mL) in HBeAg‐negative patients were strong predictors for virological response. In addition, the roadmap model, based on early virological response at week 24 of therapy, is considered as a powerful tool to identify patients at risk of treatment failure (HBV DNA ≥ 300 copies/mL, i.e. 60 IU/mL) and to reduce the risk of antiviral resistance. When considering pre‐treatment characteristics and on‐treatment responses, telbivudine may provide physicians with a wide choice of options to effectively treat patients with chronic hepatitis B, especially those with or at risk of renal impairment, or women of childbearing age.
Tectonometamorphic evolution of an intracontinental orogeny inferred from P–T–t–d paths of the metapelites from the Rehamna massif (Morocco)
Authors: Wernert P. , Schulmann K. , Chopin F. , Štípská P. , Bosch D. , El Houicha M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNew petrographic and microstructural observations, mineral equilibria modelling and U/Pb (monazite) geochronological studies were carried out to investigate the relationships between deformation and metamorphism across the Rehamna massif (Moroccan Variscan belt). In this area, typical Barrovian (muscovite to staurolite) zones developed in Cambrian to Carboniferous metasedimentary rocks that are distributed around a dome‐like structure. First assemblages are characterized by the presence of locally preserved andalusite, followed by prograde evolution culminating at 6 kbar and 620 °C in the structurally deepest staurolite zone rocks. This Barrovian sequence was subsequently uplifted to supracrustal levels, heterogeneously reworked at greenschist facies conditions, which was followed locally by static growth of andalusite, indicating heating to 2.5–4 kbar and 530–570 °C. The 206Pb/238U monazite age of 298.3 ± 4.1 Ma is interpreted as minimum age of peak metamorphic conditions, whereas the ages of 275.8 ± 1.7 Ma and 277.0 ± 1.1 Ma date decompression and heating at low pressure, in agreement with previous dating of Permian granitoids intruding the Rehamna massif. The prograde metamorphism occurred during thickening and associated horizontal flow in the deeper crust (S1 horizontal schistosity). The horizontally disposed metamorphic zones were subsequently uplifted by a regional scale antiform during ongoing N–S compression. The re‐heating of the massif follows late massive E–W shortening, refolding and retrograde shearing of all previous fabrics coevally with regionally important intrusions of Permian granitoids. We argue that metamorphic evolution of the Rehamna massif occurred several hundred kilometres from the convergent plate boundaries in the interior of continental Gondwanan plate. The tectonometamorphic history of the Rehamna massif is put into Palaeozoic plate tectonic perspective and Late Carboniferous reactivation of (Devonian)–Early Carboniferous basins formed during stretching of the north Gondwana margin and formation of the Palaeotethys Ocean. The inherited heat budget of these magma‐rich basins plays a role in the preferential location of this intracontinental orogen. It is shown that rapid transition from lithospheric stretching to compression is characterized by specific HT type of Barrovian metamorphism, which markedly differs from similar Barrovian sequences along Palaeozoic plate boundaries reported from Variscan Europe.
Geometry and spatial orientation of a quadruple node of triple junctions in a europium‐doped KI crystal as determined by epifluorescence microscopy
Authors: CORDERO‐BORBOA A.E. , UNDA‐ANGELES R. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe geometry and spatial orientation of a typical arrangement of four triple junctions and six grain boundaries sharing a common quadruple node in a Eu2+‐doped KI crystal are investigated by epifluorescence microscopy using the proper doping ion as a fluorochrome. To achieve this, an electronic three‐dimensional reconstruction of the studied arrangement of crystal defects was built from microscopy images of different optical cross‐sections of this arrangement. Previously, the doping ions were induced, by subjecting the crystal to a long annealing treatment, to form europium precipitates into the crystal grain boundaries. The optical properties of these precipitates were characterized by fluorescence spectrophotometry and used to tailor properly the microscope fluorescence mirror unit, whereas the single‐crystal character of the microscope samples was tested by X‐ray diffraction. By inspecting the reconstruction under handling, the dihedral angles between the grain boundaries that meet at a common triple junction as well as the angles between the triple junctions sharing the quadruple node were successfully measured at the quadruple node site. The measuring procedures are carefully described. The resulting values (132º, 109º, 119º, 125º, 111º, 124º, 124º, 111º, 125º, 129º, 109º and 122º ± 2º) for the dihedral angles depart for some few degrees from the characteristic angle (120º) of a 3‐fold symmetry rotation, whereas the resulting values (104º, 111º, 117º, 103º, 100º and 121º ± 2º) for the triple junction angles are not far from the characteristic angle (109.47º) between the legs of a tetrahedron. These results, indicating that in the close neighbourhood of the quadruple node the studied arrangement of crystal defects deviates from a state of full structural stability, allow this arrangement to be fairly modelled in such a neighbourhood by a distorted tetrahedron. The angles between the studied triple junctions and the host lattice directions [11], [11], [11] and [] were also measured at the quadruple node site, and the resulting values (8º, 7º, 6º and 8º ± 2º, respectively) indicate that a symmetry mismatching exists between the tetrahedral model of the studied Eu2+‐decorated arrangement of crystal defects and the KI matrix cubic crystal lattice. This symmetry mismatching is discussed to be responsible for the observed deviation from structural stability.
Laparoscopic appendectomy to remove a metallic foreign body in a wild Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) undergoing rehabilitation
Authors: Llano Sanchez Karmele , Handayani Ayu B. , Nelson Christine L. , Eng Jaclyn W.L. , Prameswari Wendi , Hicks Nigel , Pizzi Romain 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA laparoscopic appendectomy was performed in a wild orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) undergoing rehabilitation, for a metal nail found on radiographs, using 3‐mm instrumentation. Post‐operative healing was rapid and uneventful, with return to the forest within 10 days. This is the first report of minimally invasive surgery in a wild orangutan.
Selective Oestrogen Receptor Agonists Rescued Hippocampus Parameters in Male Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Pietranera L. , Correa J. , Brocca M. E. , Roig P. , Lima A. , Di Giorgio N. , Garcia‐Segura L. M. , De Nicola A. F. 
Published: August 2016

Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) show pronounced hippocampus alterations, including low brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression, reduced neurogenesis, astrogliosis and increased aromatase expression. These changes are reverted by treatment with 17β‐oestradiol. To determine which oestradiol receptor (ER) type is involved in these neuroprotective effects, we used agonists of the ERα [propylpyrazole triol (PPT)] and the ERβ [diarylpropionitrite (DPN)] given over 2 weeks to 4‐month‐old male SHR. Wistar Kyoto normotensive rats served as controls. Using immunocytochemistry, we determined glial fibrillary protein (GFAP)+ astrocytes in the CA1, CA3 and hilus of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, aromatase immunostaining in the hilus, and doublecortin (DCX)+ neuronal progenitors in the inner granular zone of the dentate gyrus. Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor mRNA was also measured in the hippocampus by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In SHR, PPT had no effect on blood pressure, decreased astrogliosis, slightly increased BDNF mRNA, had no effect on the number of DCX+ progenitors, and increased aromatase staining. Treatment with DPN decreased blood pressure, decreased astrogliosis, increased BDNF mRNA and DCX+ progenitors, and did not modify aromatase staining. We hypothesise that, although both receptor types may participate in the previously reported beneficial effects of 17β‐oestradiol in SHR, receptor activation with DPN may preferentially facilitate BDNF mRNA expression and neurogenesis. The results of the present study may help in the design of ER‐based neuroprotection for the encephalopathy of hypertension.
Experiences of Military Spouses of Veterans With Combat‐Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Authors: Yambo Teresa W. , Johnson Mary E. , Delaney Kathleen R. , Hamilton Rebekah , Miller Arlene Michaels , York Janet A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeTo explore the experiences of military spouses living with veterans with combat‐related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).DesignHusserlian phenomenology was chosen as the theoretical framework because it allowed a deeper understanding of the unfolding of the spouses’ daily experience.MethodsA purposive sample of 14 spouses living with veterans with symptoms of PTSD participated in unstructured interviews. Data were analyzed using a modification of the Colaizzi phenomenological method.FindingsSpouses recognized that the veteran was no longer the same person, with life becoming one of living with the unpredictability of PTSD. The spouses bore the burden to maintain normalcy in the family and eventually created a new life.ConclusionsMilitary spouses endure psychological stress and strain, while living with a veteran with PTSD. There is a need for more programs to support the resilience of military spouses.Clinical RelevanceLife for military spouses of veterans with PTSD is ever‐changing and unpredictable. Practitioners need to be aware of the stress that spouses experience and develop programs and interventions that bolster the resilience of military families.
Managing Secrecy and Disclosure of Domestic Violence in Affluent Communities
Authors: Haselschwerdt Megan L. , Hardesty Jennifer L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAlthough it is widely acknowledged that domestic violence (DV) can happen to anyone, there is scant research on affluent women's DV experiences. Using grounded theory, the present study examined how affluent mothers managed secrecy and disclosure of DV in the context of their community. Data consisted of interviews with 10 mothers and 17 service providers from one affluent community. The process of managing secrecy and disclosure of DV was nonlinear, ongoing, and strongly influenced by community culture and familial status. Mothers' secrecy and disclosure decisions (i.e., how and when mothers disclosed) and experiences (i.e., the type of responses they received upon disclosure) varied depending on whether they bought in or opted out of the culture of affluence during marriage. The resulting grounded theory has implications for future research on DV in affluent families and the broader literature on secrecy and DV disclosure.
The Added Prognostic Value of Metabolic Tumor Size on FDG‐PET at First Suspected Recurrence of Glioblastoma Multiforme
Authors: Chiang Gloria C. , Galla Naveen , Ferraro Richard , Kovanlikaya Ilhami 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEPatients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) face a dismal prognosis, with an average survival of 6–7 months after recurrence. There remains no consensus for managing these patients due to the heterogeneity of these tumors. Imaging may affect treatment decisions by helping to stratify patient prognosis. The purpose of this analysis was to evaluate the added utility of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) over magnetic resonance (MR) imaging metrics in predicting survival.METHODSForty‐four consecutive patients who underwent FDG‐PET for first recurrence of GBM were included in this analysis. Tumor sizes, using cross products, and volumes on FDG‐PET and MRI, maximum standardized uptake value (SUV), minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, presence of satellite lesions, presence of multifocal lesions, and presence of bilateral tumor were considered as prognostic variables. Survival was assessed using Cox hazard and logistic regression models based on the time interval between the PET scan and the patient's date of death.RESULTSTumor volumes on FDG‐PET (P = .046), tumor cross products on FDG‐PET (P = .017), and tumor cross products on MRI (P = .031) were significant prognostic variables, adjusting for the extent of the initial resection. Enhancing tumor volume, tumor cross product on a T2‐weighted MRI sequence, maximum SUV on FDG‐PET, minimum ADC value, presence of satellites, multifocality, and bilaterality were not prognostic (P > .5). Prognostic accuracy of predicting short survival increased from 58% with tumor cross product on MRI alone to 74% after including tumor cross product from PET.CONCLUSIONSTumor size on FDG‐PET adds prognostic information to enhancing tumor size on MRI at first suspected recurrence of GBM.