bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risking existence: The experience and handling of depression
Authors: Bygstad‐Landro Marte , Giske Tove 
Published: September 2017

Aims and objectivesTo gain insight into how people suffering from depression experience and manage life.BackgroundDepression is the leading cause of incapacitation and constitutes the second largest healthcare burden worldwide, causing considerable discomfort for depression sufferers and their significant others. Depression must be understood against the backdrop of a person's context as well as biological, psychological and social factors. While various studies have been conducted on the process of depression, only a few studies have examined its existential aspects.DesignA classical grounded theory methodology employing open and selective coding was used to identify the participants' main concern and the strategies they used to handle it.MethodData were collected in 2015–2016 during 18 in‐depth interviews with people with current or former moderate depression. The data were analysed through constant comparisons until the grounded theory emerged.Results/findingsThe main concern of the participants was Longing for belonging, and they handled their depression through a process named Risking existence. The process comprised four phases: (i) Ungraspable processing; (ii) Giving clues; (iii) Daring dependence; and (iv) Courage to be. The process of risking existence was accompanied from beginning to end by three essentials: to hope, to endure and shame.ConclusionWorking in mental health care involves encountering the pain, suffering and despair that humans endure. This challenges nurses to go beyond the symptoms and to listen for their meaning to each individual person.Relevance to clinical practiceThe grounded theory of risking existence provides a model by which nurses can orient themselves when working with people who are depressed. Each phase describes different strategies that patients use that can help the nurse recognise what is going on, thus enabling him or her to understand and guide his or her patients.
Platelet‐rich fibrin/aspirin complex promotes alveolar bone regeneration in periodontal defect in rats
Authors: Du J. , Mei S. , Guo L. , Su Y. , Wang H. , Liu Y. , Zhao Z. , Wang S. , Liu Y. 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectivesThe efficacy and outcomes of aspirin in local defects and the use of platelet‐rich fibrin (PRF) in periodontal defects were investigated. Whether the PRF/aspirin complex is a suitable scaffold and delivery system to carry sustained‐release aspirin/salicylic acid to promote periodontal bone regeneration was determined.Material and MethodsPRF and PRF/aspirin complex were prepared. The concentrations of aspirin/salicylic acid released from the PRF/aspirin complex were calculated at 37°C. Periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells were cultured on six‐well plates with PRF or PRF/aspirin complex gel to analyze proliferation and migration. The alveolar bone between the inferior buccal mesial root and anterior buccal distal root of the first maxillary molar was removed in 15 rats randomly divided into three groups: no treatment, PRF or PRF/aspirin complex. Twelve weeks post‐transplantation, 2D/3D micro‐computed tomography and histomorphometric technique were used for quantitative analyses.ResultsThe PRF/aspirin complex provided a sustained‐release aspirin/salicylic acid. Peak concentrations occurred 4 hours after transplantation and were sustained to 48 hours at 37°C; the total concentration of released aspirin/salicylic acid was 83.5 mg/mL, respectively. The sustained‐release promoted the proliferation and migration of periodontal ligament mesenchymal cells. Micro‐computed tomography and histological data showed that both the PRF and PRF/aspirin complex enhanced periodontal bone formation (P<.05). Moreover, the new bone formation was two times greater in the PRF/aspirin complex group than the PRF group.ConclusionAspirin/salicylic acid could be sustained‐released from PRF/aspirin complex, which could inhibit inflammation and improve the function of mesenchymal cells. The data might provide a new safe and easy clinical therapeutic strategy to promote periodontal bone reparation.
Contrasting effects of two Acacia species on understorey growth in a drylands environment: interplay of canopy shading and litter interference
Authors: Helman David , Leu Stefan , Mussery Amir 
Published: September 2017

AbstractQuestionsDo tree species with similar canopy structures but distinct litter production volumes affect the understorey growth in dryland environments differently? How does rainfall impact the magnitude and sign of these effects?LocationWoodland savanna, northern Negev drylands, Israel.MethodsWe determined understorey herbaceous productivity beneath the canopy of two N‐fixing tree species (Acacia victoriae and Acacia salicina) with comparable canopy structures (canopy height and area) but distinct litter production volumes. Biomass was measured beneath A. victoriae trees and in the open area between the trees for 7 yrs and beneath A. salicina and the nearby open area for 2 yrs. Light measurements, litter biomass, fine root density and nutrients and gravimetric water content in the top soil were assessed for both species. Annual rainfall and the coefficient of variation in daily rain were used to determine rainfall effects on tree–grass relations.ResultsAcacia victoriae and A. salicina had contrasting positive and negative effects on understorey growth, respectively. Both species had comparable fine root densities, soil moisture and nutrient content beneath their canopies, with a higher soil water content than the open area. The large amount of leaf litter produced by A. salicina appeared to suppress the understorey growth, likely via light interference at the soil surface, which outweighed the positive effect of moisture conditions. Acacia victoriae that produced significantly lesser amounts of litter facilitated the understorey growth via canopy shading (likely through reducing evaporative loss). Both the rainfall amount and its intra‐annual variability reduced the magnitude of the tree effect but did not change its sign.ConclusionsTree leaf litter production may have a contrasting effect on understorey growth, ranging from positive to negative even in the same environment. Changes in rainfall amount and intra‐annual rainfall variability affect the magnitude of the effect but not its sign.
Deinococcus radiodurans DR1088 is a novel RecF‐interacting protein that stimulates single‐stranded DNA annealing
Authors: Cheng Kaiying , Xu Guangzhi , Xu Hong , Zhao Ye , Hua Yuejin 
Published: September 2017

SummaryRecF, together with the recombination mediators RecO and RecR, is required in the RecFOR homologous recombination repair pathway in bacteria. In this study, a recF‐dr1088 operon, which is highly conserved in the Deinococcus‐Thermus phylum, was identified in Deinococcus radiodurans. Interaction between DRRecF and DR1088 was confirmed by yeast two‐hybrid and pull‐down assays. DR1088 exhibited some RecO‐like biochemical properties including single/double‐stranded DNA binding activity, ssDNA binding protein (SSB) replacement ability and ssDNA (with or without SSB) annealing activity. However, unlike other recombination proteins, dr1088 is essential for cell viability. These results indicate that DR1088 might play a role in DNA replication and DNA repair processes.
Glucosamine oral administration as an adjunct to hyaluronic acid injection in treating temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis
Authors: Cen Xiao , Liu Yan , Wang Shasha , Yang Xianrui , Shi Zongdao , Liang Xinhua 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate the therapeutic effect of oral glucosamine (GS) as an adjunct to hyaluronic acid (HA) injection on patients with temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA).MethodsIn this clinical trial, 136 participants, diagnosed as TMJ OA clinically and radiographically, were enrolled and randomized into two groups (group GS + HA: oral GS + HA injection; group placebo + HA: oral placebo + HA injection). Pain, maximum interincisal mouth opening (MMO), the levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and TGF‐β in TMJ synovial were defined as the outcome measurements and conducted before operation, and at 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up.ResultsIn both groups, pain scores were decreased and MMOs were increased at 1‐month and 1‐year follow‐up, the changes at 1‐year follow‐up showed statistically significant intergroup differences. At 1‐month follow‐up, only IL‐6 concentration was lower in group GS + HA than that in group placebo + HA. One year later, TGF‐β concentration was higher and IL‐6 and IL‐1β concentrations were lower in group GS + HA than those in group placebo + HA.ConclusionsBoth strategies alleviated symptoms in short term, but the patients treated with GS benefited more than those with placebo in long term, which may be due to the suppression of IL‐1β and IL‐6 and the stimulation of TGF‐β.
Is prolongation of corrected QT interval associated with seizures induced by electroconvulsive therapy reduced by atropine sulfate?
Authors: Suzuki Yoko , Miyajima Miho , Ohta Katsuya , Yoshida Noriko , Omoya Rie , Fujiwara Mayo , Watanabe Takafumi , Okumura Masaki , Yamazaki Hiroaki , Shintaku Masayuki , Murata Issei , Ozaki Shigeru , Sasaki Takeshi , Nakamura Mitsuru , Suwa Hiroshi , Sasano Tetsuo , Kawara Tokuhiro , Matsuura Masato , Matsushima Eisuke 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundElectrocardiogram abnormalities have been reported during electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). A corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation indicates delayed ventricular repolarization, which can trigger ventricular arrhythmias such as torsade de pointes (TdP). We examined the QTc changes during generalized tonic‐clonic seizures induced by ECT, and the effects of atropine sulfate on these QTc changes.MethodsWe analyzed heart rate, QT interval, and QTc in 32 patients with depression who underwent ECT (25 women, 67.4 ± 8.7 years of age). The QTc from −30 to 0 seconds prestimulation was used as baseline, which was compared with QTc at 20–30 seconds and 140–150 seconds poststimulus onset.ResultsQTc was significantly prolonged at 20–30 seconds poststimulus, then significantly decreased at 140–150 seconds poststimulus, compared with baseline. QTc prolongation induced by ECT was significantly decreased by atropine sulfate.ConclusionsThese data suggest that the risk of TdP may be enhanced by ECT. Further, the risk of cardiac ventricular arrhythmias, including TdP, may be reduced by administration of atropine sulfate.
Creating a Strain Relief Loop during S1 Transforaminal Lead Placement for Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation for Foot Pain: A Technical Note
Authors: van Velsen Valery , van Helmond Noud , Chapman Kenneth B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChronic neuropathic pain is often refractory to conventional medical treatments and leads to significant disability and socio‐economic burden. Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) stimulation has recently emerged as a treatment for persistent neuropathic pain, but creating a strain relief loop at the S1 level has thus far been a challenging technical component of DRG lead placement. We describe a refined technique for strain relief loop formation at the S1 level using a transforaminal approach that we employed in a 45‐year‐old patient with intractable foot pain. We successfully placed a strain relief loop in the sacral space in a predictable and easily reproducible manner using a transforaminal anchorless approach. The patient experienced a decrease in visual analog pain score (85%), and improvement in function during the trial period, and proceeded with permanent implantation. The described sacral transforaminal strain relief loop formation technique appears to be a more reliable and predictable technique of DRG lead placement in the sacrum than those previously documented.
Trends in outcomes of very preterm infants in Romania: A tale of three cities
Authors: Suciu Laura Mihaela , Puscasiu Lucian , Cucerea Manuela , Szabo Bela , Ognean Maria Livia , Petrescu Olimpia , Sîmpălean Dan Ștefan , Bell Edward F 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough survival of preterm infants has improved, prematurity remains the second most frequent cause of death before 5 years of age in Romania. Data on the changing mortality of Romanian preterm infants born before 29 weeks of gestation have not been available.MethodsOutcomes of infants of gestational age 25–28 weeks born in 2007–2010 (n = 247) were compared with those born in 2011–2014 (n = 235). Data were analyzed from three tertiary neonatal intensive care centers. Mortality rates and major morbidities were compared between these two epochs.ResultsInfants in the later epoch were more likely to have been born by cesarean section and had higher 1 and 5 min Apgar scores. Mortality rate decreased significantly with increasing gestational age at birth. Between the two epochs, the in‐hospital mortality rate decreased from 65.6% to 29.4% (P < 0.001); death in the first 48 h decreased from 30.0% to 8.5% (P < 0.001); and prevalence of severe intraventricular hemorrhage decreased from 52.2% to 11.9% (P < 0.001). There were significant increases in the rates of necrotizing enterocolitis and bronchopulmonary dysplasia among survivors but no change in the rate of retinopathy of prematurity. The rate of antenatal corticosteroid use did not change and was only 47% in the more recent epoch (2011–2014).ConclusionsOverall mortality is decreasing, and infants admitted in the later epoch had substantially different rates of mortality and several serious morbidities. The low rate of antenatal corticosteroid use provides an opportunity for further reductions in mortality and morbidity among very preterm infants born in Romania.
Genome Sequence of
Roseovarius
sp. Strain MCTG156(2b) Isolated from a Phytoplankton Net Trawl on the Scottish West Coast
Authors: Gutierrez Tony , Whitman William B. , Huntemann Marcel , Copeland Alex , Chen Amy , Vargese Neha , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Pillay Manoj , Ivanova Natalia , Mikhailova Natalia , Mukherjee Supratim , Stamatis Dimitrios , Reddy T. B. K. , Ngan Chew Yee , Chovatia Mansi , Daum Chris , Shapiro Nicole , Woyke Tanja 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Roseovarius
sp. strain MCTG156(2b) was isolated from a phytoplankton net sample collected on the west coast of Scotland and was selected based on its ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Here, we present the genome sequence of this strain, which is 5,113,782 bp, with 5,142 genes and an average G+C content of 60.7%.
Complete Genome Sequence of Systemically Disseminated Sequence Type 8 Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome
mec
Type IVl Community-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Hisatsune Junzo , Hagiya Hideharu , Shiota Sumiko , Sugai Motoyuki 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Staphylococcus aureus
JH4899, a community-acquired methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus
(CA-MRSA) isolate collected from a patient with systematically disseminated infection, is classified as sequence type 8 and carries the staphylococcal cassette chromosome
mec
type IVl (SCC
mec
IVl). It produces TSST-1, SEC, a newly discovered enterotoxin (SE1), and epidermal cell differentiation inhibitor A (EDIN-A). Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the chromosome and a plasmid harboring the
se1
and
ednA
genes.
Complete Genome Sequence of
Frog virus 3
, Isolated from a Strawberry Poison Frog (
Oophaga pumilio
) Imported from Nicaragua into the Netherlands
Authors: Saucedo Bernardo , Hughes Joseph , van Beurden Steven J. , Suárez Nicolás M. , Haenen Olga L. M. , Voorbergen-Laarman Michal , Gröne Andrea , Kik Marja J. L. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Frog virus 3
was isolated from a strawberry poison frog (
Oophaga pumilio
) imported from Nicaragua via Germany to the Netherlands, and its complete genome sequence was determined.
Frog virus 3
isolate
Op
/2015/Netherlands/UU3150324001 is 107,183 bp long and has a nucleotide similarity of 98.26% to the reference
Frog virus 3
isolate.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Swiss Hepatitis E Virus Isolates from Human Stool and Raw Pork Sausage
Authors: Kubacki Jakub , Fraefel Cornel , Jermini Marco , Giannini Petra , Martinetti Gladys , Ripellino Paolo , Bernasconi Enos , Sidler Xaver , Stephan Roger , Bachofen Claudia 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
We present here the full-length genome sequences of two hepatitis E virus genotype 3 (HEV-3) isolates from a human stool sample from a patient with acute hepatitis and a raw sausage containing pig liver. Sequence analysis implies that Swiss HEV isolates may form a novel subgroup of HEV-3 viruses.
Whole-Genome Sequence of Chlamydia abortus Strain GN6 Isolated from Aborted Yak Fetus
Authors: Li Zhaocai , Cai Jinshan , Cao Xiaoan , Lou Zhongzi , Chao Yilin , Kan Wei , Zhou Jizhang 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

The obligate intracellular Gram-negative bacterium
Chlamydia abortus
is one of the causative agents of abortion and fetal loss in sheep, goats, and cattle in many countries. It also affects the reproductivity of yaks (
Bos grunniens
). This study reports the whole-genome sequence of
Chlamydia abortus
strain GN6, which was isolated from aborted yak fetus in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China.
Complete Genome Sequences of Two Pseudomonas aeruginosa Strains Isolated from Children with Bacteremia
Authors: Espinosa-Camacho Luis F. , Delgado Gabriela , Miranda-Novales Guadalupe , Soberón-Chávez Gloria , Alcaraz Luis D. , Morales-Espinosa Rosario 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Two
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
strains isolated from children with bacteremia in Mexico City were sequenced using PacBio RS-II single-molecule real-time (SMRT) technology. The strains consist of a 7.0- to 7.4-Mb chromosome, with a high content of mobile elements, and variation in the genetic content of class 1 integron In1409.
Excess all-cause mortality before age 30 in childhood onset type 1 diabetes: data from the Brecon Group Cohort in Wales
Authors: Wasag Diana R , Gregory John W , Dayan Colin , Harvey John N 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundLong-term outcomes in young people with type 1 diabetes continue to be of interest, and may help evaluate the effects of changes to the clinical care of children that have occurred in recent decades.AimsTo identify mortality and its causes before age 30 years in patients developing type 1 diabetes before age 15 years.MethodsSince 1995, paediatricians in Wales have compiled a prospective register of incident cases of type 1 diabetes occurring before age 15 years in Wales (the Brecon Cohort). Their subsequent mortality rates were compared with mortality in the general populations of Wales and England using the patient-years exposure method. Causes of death were ascertained from death certificates and from clinicians.ResultsThe standardised mortality ratio for young people with type 1 diabetes in Wales was 2.91 with no clear evidence of improvement or worsening of mortality risk over time. Most deaths occurred between ages 15 and 30 years although at a slightly younger age than in the general population. There were more deaths with increasing age at diagnosis of diabetes. Ketoacidosis remains the most common cause of death before age 30 years. Hypoglycaemia was difficult to ascertain with certainty but also caused some deaths. In this age group, chronic complications of diabetes were not a cause of mortality.ConclusionsDespite the developments in clinical care in recent years, the mortality risk for people developing type 1 diabetes in childhood remains high in young adult life before the onset of chronic complications.
Lens power in Iranian schoolchildren: a population-based study
Authors: Hashemi Hassan , Pakzad Reza , Iribarren Rafael , Khabazkhoob Mehdi , Emamian Mohammad Hassan , Fotouhi Akbar 
Published: September 2017

AimsTo evaluate lens power (LP) in schoolchildren aged 6–12 years.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted in Shahroud, northeast Iran. The students were selected through random cluster sampling and underwent the measurements of biometry, uncorrected and corrected visual acuity, non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction. The LP was calculated using the Bennett formula.ResultsOf 6624 invited children, 5620 (84.8%) participated in the study and data of 4870 children were finally analysed. The mean age of the participants was 9.7 years and 2277 participants (46.02%) were girls. The mean LPs were 22.86 dioptres (D) in total study population, 23.91 D in 6 and 22.10 D in 12-year-old children. The mean LP was higher in girls than boys (23.48 D vs 22.34 D), in rural children than urban children (23.17 D vs 22.83 D) and in children with hyperopia (23.25 D) than children with myopia or emmetropia (22.64 D and 22.86 D, respectively). In the multiple linear regression model, lens thickness (β=1.59, p<0.001), anterior chamber depth (β=2.21, p<0.001) and female sex (β=0.016, p=0.015) were associated with an increase in the LP, while axial length (AL) (β=−4.41, p<0.001), corneal power (CP) (β=−1.47, p<0.001), spherical equivalent (SE) (β=−1.50, p<0.001) and age (β=−0.005, p=0.001) were associated with a decrease in the LP. AL and sex had the highest and lowest impact on LP, respectively.ConclusionLP decreased with age between 6 and 12 years and was associated with a shorter AL, deeper ACD, higher SE, thicker lens and lower CP.
The relationship between school type and academic performance at medical school: a national, multi-cohort study
Authors: Kumwenda Ben , Cleland Jennifer A , Walker Kim , Lee Amanda J , Greatrix Rachel 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesDifferential attainment in school examinations is one of the barriers to increasing student diversity in medicine. However, studies on the predictive validity of prior academic achievement and educational performance at medical school are contradictory, possibly due to single-site studies or studies which focus only on early years’ performance. To address these gaps, we examined the relationship between sociodemographic factors, including school type and average educational performance throughout medical school across a large number of diverse medical programmes.MethodsThis retrospective study analysed data from students who graduated from 33 UK medical schools between 2012 and 2013. We included candidates’ demographics, pre-entry grades (adjusted Universities and Colleges Admissions Service tariff scores) preadmission test scores (UK Clinical Aptitude Test (UKCAT) and Graduate Medical School Admissions Test (GAMSAT)) and used the UK Foundation Programme’s educational performance measure (EPM) decile as an outcome measure. Logistic regression was used to assess the independent relationship between students’ background characteristics and EPM ranking.ResultsStudents from independent schools had significantly higher mean UKCAT scores (2535.1, SD=209.6) than students from state-funded schools (2506.1, SD=224.0, p<0.001). Similarly, students from independent schools came into medical school with significantly higher mean GAMSAT scores (63.9, SD=6.9) than students from state-funded schools (60.8, SD=7.1, p<0.001). However, students from state-funded schools were almost twice as likely (OR=2.01, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.73) to finish in the highest rank of the EPM ranking than those who attended independent schools.ConclusionsThis is the first large-scale study to examine directly the relationship between school type and overall performance at medical school. Our findings provide modest supportive evidence that, when students from independent and state schools enter with similar pre-entry grades, once in medical school, students from state-funded schools are likely to outperform students from independent schools. This evidence contributes to discussions around contextualising medical admission.