bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current landscape of cystic fibrosis gene therapy
Authors: Plasschaert Lindsey W. , MacDonald Kelvin D. , Moffit Jeffrey S. 
Published: October 2024

Cystic fibrosis is a life-threatening disease that is caused by mutations in CFTR, a gene which encodes an ion channel that supports proper function of several epithelial tissues, most critically the lung. Without CFTR, airway barrier mechanisms are impaired, allowing for chronic, recurrent infections that result in airway remodeling and deterioration of lung structure and function. Small molecule modulators can rescue existing, defective CFTR protein; however, they still leave a subset of people with CF with no current disease modifying treatments, aside from lung transplantation. Gene therapy directed to the lung is a promising strategy to modify CF disease in the organ most associated with morbidity and mortality. It is accomplished through delivery of a CFTR transgene with an airway permissive vector. Despite more than three decades of research in this area, a lung directed gene therapy has yet to be realized. There is hope that with improved delivery vectors, sufficient transduction of airway cells can achieve therapeutic levels of functional CFTR. In order to do this, preclinical programs need to meet a certain level of CFTR protein expression in vitro and in vivo through improved transduction, particularly in relevant airway cell types. Furthermore, clinical programs must be designed with sensitive methods to detect CFTR expression and function as well as methods to measure meaningful endpoints for lung structure, function and disease. Here, we discuss the current understanding of how much and where CFTR needs to be expressed, the most advanced vectors for CFTR delivery and clinical considerations for detecting CFTR protein and function in different patient subsets.
Contrasted agronomical and physiological responses of five Coffea arabica genotypes under soil water deficit in field conditions
Authors: Sarzynski Thuan , Vaast Philippe , Rigal Clément , Marraccini Pierre , Delahaie Boris , Georget Frédéric , Nguyen Chang Thi Quynh , Nguyen Hung Phi , Nguyen Hai Thi Thanh , Ngoc Quyen Luu , Ngan Giang Khong , Bossolasco Laurent , Etienne Hervé 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionBreeding programs have developed high-yielding Coffea arabica F1-hybrids as an adaptation against adverse conditions associated with climate change. However, theresponse to drought of coffee F1 hybrids has seldom been assessed.MethodsA trial was established with five C. arabica genotypes (2 pure lines: Catimor and Marsellesa and 3 F1 hybrids: Starmaya, Centroamericano and Mundo Maya) planted under the leguminous tree species Leuceana leucocephala. Coffee growth, yield and physiological responses were assessed under a rain-fed (control: CON) and a rainfall reduction treatment (RR) for 2 years.ResultsThe RR treatment created a long-term rainfall deficit in a region with suboptimal temperature similar to those predicted by climate change scenarios. Moreover, the RR treatment reduced soil water content by 14% over 2 successive years of production and increased hydric stress of the three F1-hybrids (leaf water potentials averaged -0.8 MPa under RR compared with -0.4 MPa under CON). Under RR, coffee yields were reduced from 16 to 75% compared to CON. Mundo Maya F1 hybrid was the sole high-yielding genotype apable of sustaining its yield under RR conditions. Our results suggested that its significant increase in fine root density (CON = 300 and RR = 910 root.m-2) and its maintenance of photosynthetic rate (2.5 – 3.5 mmol CO2 m-2 s-1) at high evaporative demand might explain why this genotype maintained high yield under RR condition.DiscussionThis work highlights a possible drought tolerance mechanism in fruit bearing adult coffee trees where the plant fine root number increases to intake more water in order to preserve turgor and sustainphotosynthesis at high ETo and therefore conserves high yield in dry conditions.
Resilience, emotions, and suicidal ideation in Mexican adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic: risk factors and protective mechanisms
Authors: Puig-Lagunes Ángel Alberto , Varela-Castillo Guerson Yael , Rodríguez-Landa Juan Francisco , Ortiz-Cruz Fabiola , German-Ponciano León Jesús 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionSuicide is the second leading cause of death among adolescents worldwide. Suicidal ideation (SI) in adolescents may be influenced by factors such as resilience, anxiety, and depressive symptoms. The COVID-19 pandemic served as a significant stressor with documented impacts, yet further research is needed to clarify its effects. While stressful events are known to be associated with increased SI, direct evidence linking COVID-19 specifically to elevated SI remains limited.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to identify the risk and protective factors associated with SI in Mexican adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodA cross-sectional, correlational descriptive study was conducted between May and June 2022 with a sample of 2,194 high school students, with a mean age of 16.6 years (SD = 1.2). Among the participants, 58.9% were female and 41.1% were male. They completed inventories to assess stress, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and resilience.ResultsOf 2194 adolescents, 15.5% presented SI, with females showing a higher prevalence of SI, anxiety, and depressive symptoms compared to males. In contrast, resilience was lower in females. Furthermore, depressive symptoms were identified as a risk factor for SI (OR 1.212; 95% CI 1.186, 1.240), whereas social competence was highlighted as a protective factor (OR 1.046 95% CI 1.044, 1.078).ConclusionsThe findings underscore the importance of preventing SI in adolescents by addressing anxiety and depressive symptoms, which were identified as risk factors, and by promoting social competence as a protective factor. Therefore, an integrated approach that addresses both individual mental health and the social context must be considered for preventing SI in adolescents.
Case–control study on risk factors for in-hospital mortality in patients with severe COVID-19
Authors: Wu Kemei , Yin Lili , Han Jiangqin , Cai Qiuhan , Guo Yang , Jin Xin , Wu Jinling , Cheng Yupei 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to identify independent risk factors affecting patient survival and explore predictors of severe cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsWe conducted a retrospective, observational, case–control study on adult patients with severe COVID-19 who were admitted to affiliated hospitals in Tianjin between December 18, 2022, and January 31, 2023. We used univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analyses to analyze demographic indicators, comorbidity profiles, and laboratory parameters in two groups of patients (deceased and surviving) to identify independent risk factors for death in patients with severe COVID-19.ResultsPatients in the deceased group were older than those in the survival group (p = 0.018), and there were more cases of coexisting respiratory insufficiency in the deceased group (p = 0.002). Additionally, laboratory test results for white blood cell count (WBC) and creatine kinase (CK) showed significantly higher values in the deceased group (p = 0.047 and p = 0.029, respectively), while arterial oxygen partial pressure (PAO2) showed significantly lower values compared to the survival group (p = 0.021). Age, respiratory insufficiency, WBCH (highest WBC value), CKH (highest CK value), and PAO2F (first PAO2 value) had area under curve (AUC) values of 0.698, 0.838, 0.721, 0.744, and 0.633, respectively.ConclusionThe main risk factors for mortality in patients with severe COVID-19 that we identified in this study were the advanced age of patients, coexisting respiratory insufficiency, elevated levels of WBC and CK, and decreased levels of PAO2. Elevated WBC and CK laboratory parameters, in particular, demonstrated good predictive value for in-hospital mortality risk.
Mortality salience and helping behavior amidst public crisis: cross-sectional evidence during COVID-19
Authors: Xie Qing , Yan Yaqin , Lai Ji , Wei Meiting 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAs a real mortality salience, a public crisis would have a major impact on individual minds, behaviors, and lifestyles. COVID-19 provides us with a stark real-world example to understand these implications. Previous research has revealed that some individuals become more willing to help the infected at the risk of their own lives, while others become more self-centered and indifferent during COVID-19. To explain this paradoxical phenomenon, our study used two rival mediators in the relationship between mortality salience and helping behavior during COVID-19: death anxiety and death reflection.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted among Chinese college students (N = 684) during the pandemic. We used a parallel mediation model to explore the mediating roles of death anxiety and death reflection in the relationship between mortality salience and helping behavior during COVID-19.ResultsThe results of our study indicate two key findings. First, mortality salience is negatively related to helping behavior during COVID-19 via death anxiety. This suggests that individuals with higher levels of mortality salience experienced increased death anxiety, which in turn led to a decrease in helping behavior. Second, mortality salience is positively related to helping behavior during COVID-19 via death reflection. This indicates that individuals with higher levels of mortality salience engaged in deeper reflection on death, which subsequently resulted in an increase in helping behavior.ConclusionOur study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between mortality salience and helping behaviors in the time of public crisis, and can help lead to more positive attitudes toward public crisis events such as COVID-19.
The impact of green low-carbon development on public health: a quasi-natural experimental study of low-carbon pilot cities in China
Authors: Wang Zhanjie , Wang Xinyue , Wang Zhichao , Mai Sheng 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundIn recent years, climate change and environmental pollution have posed significant threats to public health. As environmental policies such as low-carbon city initiatives are progressively implemented, their role in enhancing public health has become a topic of growing interest. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between green low-carbon development and public health and to analyze the underlying mechanisms.MethodsWe utilized data from 271 prefecture-level cities in China spanning from 2007 to 2020, focusing on green low-carbon development, climate change, environmental pollution, and public health. Employing the quasi-natural experimental framework of China’s low-carbon city pilot projects, we constructed a multi-site difference-in-differences (DID) model for empirical analysis. Various robustness checks, including parallel trend tests, placebo tests, sample selection bias checks, and adjustments to the temporal and spatial scope of the samples, were conducted to ensure the reliability of the results. Additionally, we explored the positive effects of green low-carbon development on public health through dual mediation pathways involving climate change mitigation and pollution reduction. Finally, we examined the heterogeneity of the results across different city tiers, economic growth rates, levels of technological investment, and green finance development.ResultsThe findings indicate that green low-carbon development significantly enhances public health, a conclusion supported by robustness tests. Mechanism analysis reveals that the benefits of green low-carbon development on public health are realized through mitigating climate change and reducing environmental pollution. Further analysis reveals that the positive impact on public health is more pronounced in first-and second-tier cities, as well as in cities with faster economic growth, greater technological investment, and more developed green finance sectors.DiscussionThis study highlights the crucial role of urban green low-carbon development in improving environmental quality and public health. In addition to providing empirical evidence that supports the promotion of green low-carbon development in cities, the results point to policy recommendations for enhancing public health. Moreover, the findings contribute to the development of environmental policies and the implementation of the “Healthy China” strategy.
Exploring print media coverage of elite athletes’ mental illness between 2010 and 2023 in Germany: a quantitative content analysis
Authors: Hapig Marcia , Zurstiege Guido , Mayer Jochen , Thiel Ansgar , John Jannika M. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesRecently, the stereotype of elite athletes' invulnerabilty has begun to be challenged by an increasing number of elite athletes who talk openly about struggling with mental health. Relatedly, previous research has focused primarily on specific incidents like the media's portrayal of personal disclosures. The purpose of this study was to expand this perspective and give a systematic overview of media coverage related to elite athletes' mental illness by examining more than one decade (2010–2023) of German print media reporting. Specifically, we were interested in changes over time and between broadsheet and tabloid press regarding content-related and formal aspects.MethodsBased on a systematic search and screening process in eleven German newspapers and magazines, 699 print media articles were analyzed with a codebook, forming a framework of content-related (reported mental disorder; central thematic focus; sources of comments and quotations; perspectives on the high-performance sports system) and formal categories (article genre; elements of responsible journalism). Univariate analyses and binary logistic regression models were used to examine changes over time (2010–2016 vs. 2017–2023) and differences between types of press (tabloid vs. broadsheet press) regarding content-related and formal characteristics.ResultsThe results indicate an enhanced awareness towards the topic of mental illness and those affected in recent years within German print media. This was demonstrated by the increased integration of responsible reporting elements, the inclusion of diversified perspectives and the considerate selection of content. Despite this positive trend over time, the findings also suggest that media reporting in the tabloid press bears an increased risk for inappropriate storytelling, focusing primarily on personal tragedies.ConclusionAs personal fate of prominent figures like elite athletes will always meet great interest in the public, it is of utmost importance that the media report responsibly and promote critical thinking in society. The study shows the media's willingness to question conventional ideals embedded in the sports culture and take a more critical approach to the topic of mental illness in high-performance sports. By demonstrating a greater understanding of the importance and the seriousness of the issue, the media might also contribute to improved mental health awareness in society.
Improved atopic dermatitis accompanied by pompholyx
Authors: Murakami Emi , Morioke Satoshi , Tanaka Akio 
Published: October 2024

In the treatment process of atopic dermatitis, pompholyx may occurs on palms and soles. However, there is limited knowledge about which patients are more likely to develop pompholyx and when it is expected to occur. Therefore, this study investigated the occurrence of pompholyx after the start of induction remission treatment. We collected medical information from 48 AD patients who visited Hiroshima University Hospital for the first time between January 2019 and December 2020, from the time of their first visit to 12 months later. In the initial group of 48 patients, 10 individuals developed pompholyx within 1 year after their first visit. There was no clear connection between the occurrence of pompholyx and treatment received. Most of the patients who developed pompholyx were above the age of 30. Serum thymus and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) levels tended to be higher at the first visit in the group that later developed pompholyx compared to the group that did not. In conclusion, patients over the age of 30 with higher serum TARC levels may develop pompholyx while their AD is improving. It is crucial to provide these patients with information about the possibility of developing pompholyx during the course of their AD treatment and that it would be cured in the course of treatment.
Effects of Dietary Quality on Vaginal Microbiome Composition Throughout Pregnancy in a Multi-Ethnic Cohort
Authors: Miller Corrie , Morikawa Kira , Benny Paula , Riel Jonathan , Fialkowski Marie K. , Qin Yujia , Khadka Vedbar , Lee Men-Jean 
Published: October 2024

Background: Vaginal Lactobacillus predominance is associated with improved vaginal health and reduced pregnancy complications. Little is known about how dietary quality may improve vaginal microbial composition or about dietary interventions that may promote Lactobacillus abundance. To understand the host factors affecting vaginal microbiota during pregnancy in a multi-ethnic cohort in Hawai`i. We hypothesize that better diet quality improves vaginal microbial composition, as represented by Lactobacillus abundance and depletion of anaerobic organisms. Methods: We compared comprehensive diet quality, as measured by the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015), to taxonomic classifications of bacteria present within the vagina. Participants of the four predominant ethnic groups in Hawai’i (Japanese, Filipino, Non-Hispanic White and Native Hawaiian) completed Quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaires (QFFQs) and collected vaginal swabs during each trimester. 16s rRNA amplicon sequencing (V2–V9 regions) was performed on vaginal samples. HEI-2015 scores and macro- and micronutrient intake were compared with the predominant species present using the Mann–Whitney-U test, PERMANOVA, and the Pearson correlation coefficient. A mixed-effects logistics regression model was used to predict the depletion of Lactobacillus species while accounting for confounding demographic factors. Results: Matched, longitudinal data for 40 participants demonstrated three predominant Lactobacillus species: L. crispatus, L. iners, and L. gasseri, with another subset of samples with anaerobic abundance. (Primarily, Atopobium vaginae, Prevotella, and Gardnerella vaginalis.) Non-Hispanic White participants had lower amounts of Lactobacillus iners compared to other racial and ethnic groups. HEI scores correlated with the chao index and observed species number primarily in the first trimester (r = 0.25, p < 0.05). Greater carbohydrate intake was associated with a higher abundance of L. crispatus, while lower carbohydrate intake trended towards more L. iners (0.056) and anaerobic species. Conclusions: Increased carbohydrate consumption and improved diet quality may be associated with beneficial vaginal microbial composition in pregnancy.
المسائل النحوية عند النووي ( 676هـ) في كتابه تصحيح التنبيه
Authors: أ.د. سلام حسين علوان  
Published: October 2024

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد وعلى واصحابه الغر الميامين ، وبعد .في هذا البحث، سنتناول بعض الأفكار حول النحو النووي. وسنعرض لموازنته بالنحو العربي التقليدي. ثم نستعرض لبعض المسائل الواردة في كتاب التنبيه وموقف النووي منها ومحاولة مقابلتها باراء النحويين قديما وحديثا. يعد النحو النووي – اذا صح التعبير - فرعًا من النحو العربي يهتم بدراسة النحو من خلال التركيز على مسائل النحو المهمة واستراتيجيات استخدامها بشكل فعال. فنراه احيانا يحلل الجمل النحوية لفهم تراكيبها الدقيقة وبيان العلاقات بين الكلمات. وقد نلمح بعض الاسس في نحوه منها :
الأساس الأول : تحليل الجمل النحوية وفهم تراكيبها.
الأساس الثاني : فهم علاقات الكلمات والتراكيب بشكل دقيق ومنطقي.
واذا اردنا عقد موازنة بين النحو النووي والنحو التقليدي فسنجد ان النحو النووي يركز على الاستخدام الفعّال لقواعد النحو في التحليل اللغوي. ويركز على الإعراب ، كما يعتمد على القواعد النحوية التقليدية .اما النحو العربي التقليدي فهو يركز على قواعد النحو وتصنيف الجمل والكلمات. ويركز على النحو الصرفي اي : ان يكون لبنية الكلمة دور في اعراب ما بعدها ولا سيما المشتقات ، و يتبع منهجاً أكثر تطوراً . وقد اخترت بعض المسائل النحوية التي عرضها او تناولها النووي في كتابه لامرين : احدهما : كثرة المسائل التي تناولها في كتابه وقد يطول الكلام فيها ويتسع في صفحات كثيرة لا مجال للبحث فيها في هذه الورقة البحثية . ثانيهما : ان هذه المسائل ستكون دليلا على غيرها في الكشف عما سبق ذكره في النحو النووي . وقد اتبعت المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في كل ما تم عرضه من مسائل ، آملا ان يكون المنهج والمسائل وافيتين نافعتين للقارئ . ومن الله التوفيق .
الفاظ الطير في العربية صيغة جمع الكثرة ودلالاتها انموذجاً
Authors: م.م. عفراء سعدي محمود  , أ.م.د. ميمونة عوني سليم  
Published: October 2024

هذا البحث بعنوان الفاظ الطير في العربية صيغة جمع الكثرة ودلالاتها انموذجاً ,وهو محاولة لبحث العلاقة بين الفاظ الطير ومعنى ابنية تلك الالفاظ ,وان الطير من الحيوانات التي حضي بدراسات عديدة متنوعة بطبيعة تنوع هذا الطائر ,فهناك باحثون متخصصون ناقشوا القضايا علمية وكشفوا مثلاً عن طبيعة اعضاء هذا الحيوان ,ودراسة البحث هذا جارية في إحصاء الألفاظ الدالة على أسماء الطيور التي على بناء اكثر العدد , وذلك من خلال البحث في المعجمات وكتب اللغة لدراسة اللفظة دلالياً وتتبعت معنى البناء للفظة وربطت معناها الصرفي بالمعنى المعجمي ,معتمدة بذلك على معجم العين ومقاييس اللغة والمخصص والمعجم الاشتقاقي المؤصل لألفاظ القرآن الكريم , ومعجم مقاييس اللغة , ورتبت الالفاظ على حسب الابنية الصرفية الخاصة بجموع الكثرة .
العناصر الثقيلة في تربة قضاء المدائن
Authors: نور غالب هاشم الياسري  , ا.د.شهلة ذاكر توفيق  
Published: October 2024

تهدف تلك الدراسة الى تقييم ودراسة العناصر الثقيلة في تربة قضاء المدائن لمعرفة مدى ملاءمتها للاستثمار الزراعي حيث ان هدف الدراسة هو معرفة مدى تلوث التربة في قضاء المدائن بالعناصر الثقيلة لما له أثار على صحة الانسان والحيوان والنبات فتسبب الامراض ومخاطر اذا زادت عن النسب المحددة. وتلوث البيئة بكل انواعه الهواء او الماء او التربة احد الصعوبات التي نواجهها في وقتنا الحالي خصوصا في العراق في وقتا الحالي في ظل غياب الانظمة والقوانين او عدم الالتزام فيها حيث تتعرض جميع الانظمة البيئية للتلوث بدوره ينعكس على صحة الانسان والحيوان والنبات وفي هذا البحث تم دراسة تأثير العناصر الثقيلة على خصائص الترب المزروعة في قضاء المدائن حيث تم اخذ عينات من مناطق متفرقة من الترب حيث تم اخذ 7 نماذج من عينات مختلفة من القضاء ومن مقاطعات مختلفة في ناحيتي الجسر ناحية الوحدة وناحية المدائن وتم تناول العناصر الثقيلة كالرصاص والكادميوم والنحاس والبورون والنيكل وقد اظهرت النتائج ان هناك تباينا زمانيا ومكانيا في قيم النتائج فبعضها ذات نسب مرتفعة مثل مقاطعة التويثة وبعضها في مقاطعة العريفية وتم اخذ 7 عينات من التربة من مقاطعات زراعية مختلفة في قضاء المدائن .