bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Understanding the geographical process of the decline in manufacturing employment in China between 2000 and 2020
Authors: Zhou Lin , Jie Yangyang , Ye Zhenyu , Gu Hengyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe decline in manufacturing employment has emerged as a global demographic phenomenon in recent decades. However, previous research has primarily focused on the national level, resulting in limited geographical insights into the spatial variations of this decline at more minor scales. Our paper decodes the long‐term geographical process of manufacturing employment decline at the city level in China from an “industry‐population‐place” perspective, underscoring the pivotal role played by technological advancements. The results show that, during 2000–2010 and 2010–2020, the unbalanced changing pattern of China's manufacturing employment appeared to be a disruptive reallocation. The technology‐driven transition of manufacturing employment decline at the city level in China was identified. During 2000–2010, over 60% of cities experiencing a decline in manufacturing employment were technologically lost, while technological density improvement became the “main melody” in most cities experiencing such decline during 2010–2020. In a city experiencing such a decline, the greater the improvement in technological intensity, the stronger the positive effect of the decline on local economic development, particularly when accompanied by an expansion in the socioeconomic scale of the city. Furthermore, we observe changes in the characteristics of manufacturing employment on the west side of the Hu Line between 2010 and 2020, compared to previous years and even decades. These changes are characterised by a significant increase in manufacturing employment and the rapid technology‐driven transformation of cities that have experienced a decline in manufacturing employment.
Evaluation of Two Tension Sensors for Cable‐Driven Parallel Manipulators
Authors: Gonzalez‐Rodriguez Angel G. , Ottaviano Erika , Rea Pierluigi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCable‐driven parallel manipulators (CDPMs) constitute a class of parallel robots in which the frame is connected to the end‐effector through a set of cables. The weight reduction achieved by replacing rigid links with cables, along with their exceptionally large workspace, makes CDPMs suitable for applications such as positioning devices, large surface inspection, motion support systems, and automated storage systems. For effective use in these applications, accurate positioning capabilities are essential, which in turn require accurate measurements of the tension on each cable, and at a sampling rate that is less than or equal to the time constant of the actuator response. This paper first analyses the dynamics of the actuator for an over‐constrained robot and provides concrete values of this constant considering the cable elasticity. Then, it proposes two tension sensors, presents the calibration procedures, and the methodologies to evaluate them in CDPMs so that they can be replicated and subsequently included in another CDPM configuration. They also serve as critical safety devices, continuously monitoring cable tension to detect any operations or situations that are out of range. Ensuring the safe and reliable condition of cables is crucial not only for CDPMs but also for lifting systems, transmission systems, and other mechanical or mechatronic systems that rely on cables.
River Hydrological Regime Changes and Their Attribution: A Case Study in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Using a Multi‐Model Approach
Authors: Wang Hongxiang , Lan Jiaqi , He Ning , Jiao Xuyang , Ye Handong , Sun Chaohui , Wang Gaozhen , Guo Wenxian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework was used to analyze the driving factors affecting the hydrological conditions and runoff changes in the upper Yangtze River basin across multiple time scales (annual, seasonal, and monthly). This study focuses on utilizing the LSTM model and the WEP‐L model for the quantitative assessment of factors influencing runoff changes. Additionally, we calculated the IHA indicators for actual runoff and the LSTM model‐simulated runoff and conducted a comparative analysis using the range of variability approach (RVA) to study changes in the overall hydrological regime of the river. Following an abrupt change, the runoff in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River decreased by 6.6%, and the ecological response of the basin showed a negative trend, as reflected in the changes of five sets of hydrological‐ecological indicators. The contributions of various driving forces exhibited significant differences across different time scales. On an annual scale, the LSTM model indicated that runoff was predominantly influenced by human activities with a contribution rate of 55%, whereas the WEP‐L model indicated that climate factors were the dominant influence, with a contribution rate of 75%. On a seasonal scale, the WEP‐L model showed that runoff was more influenced by climate in summer and autumn, with relative contribution rates of 68% and 73%, respectively. Conversely, the LSTM model showed that runoff was more influenced by human activities in summer and winter, with relative contribution rates of 98% and 91%, respectively. On a monthly scale, the situation was more complex. The LSTM model results indicated significant contributions from human activities in May, July, October, and November (76%, 68%, 69%, and 87%, respectively) and slightly higher contributions than climate factors in February and September (51% and 57%, respectively). In the remaining months (13%–95%), climate factors were the primary driving force. The WEP‐L model results indicated significant contributions from land‐use changes in January, February, and May (79%, 74%, and 80%, respectively) and slightly higher contributions than climate factors in December (57%), with climate factors being the primary driving force in the remaining months (20%–92%). The findings of this study provide valuable insights for the ecological protection and restoration of the upper Yangtze River basin.
Dimensions of ethical consumption: A systematic review and future outlook
Authors: R Rohini , Meppurath Daly Paulose 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUN's sustainable development goals view ethical consumption as a multi‐dimensional construct addressing production and consumption‐related sustainability challenges. The present study is the first to assimilate the five dimensions of ethical consumption—concern for environment, love of organic, preference for fair trade, regard for animal welfare, and anti‐consumption/boycott movements—in a single review. This framework‐based review using Theory‐Context‐Characteristic‐Methods (TCCM) and employing Scientific Procedures and Rationales for Systematic Literature Reviews (SPAR‐4 SLR) protocol, thoroughly synthesizes the state of knowledge, identifies research gaps and proposes directions for future research in ethical consumption. The authors review 123 articles from 2000 to 2024 sourced from SCOPUS by thoroughly examining antecedents, mediators, moderators, outcome variables, and interrelationships for all five dimensions. The authors recommend applying new consumer personality theories instead of familiar frameworks, adopting qualitative methods and longitudinal designs with multicultural and cross‐national focus, and testing novel mediation and moderation mechanisms in clarifying interrelationships.
Feasibility Prediction of Thermally Rearranged Polyimide Membranes with Ionic Liquid Capping for Large‐Scale Industrial Biogas Purification Applications
Authors: Cheng Hongbo , Zou Yonglan , Zhou Junkang , Jia Hongge , Zhang Mingyu , Qu Yanqing , Wang Chaohui , Dong Shaobo , Zang Yu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBiogas is a type of biomass energy source, primarily composed of methane and carbon dioxide. It is generated through the controlled anaerobic digestion of manure or other organic residues. As a cleaner alternative to conventional fuels, fully purified biogas can produce approximately 36.68 MJ/m3 of en.ergy. As the separation of CO2/CH4 in biogas became an important part of the energy industry, we used membrane separation technique to study its separation methods. At first, 3,3′‐dihydroxy‐4,4′‐diamino‐biphenyl (HAB) and 4,4′‐(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) were polymerized by open‐loop as polyamide acid macromolecules. Then it was divided into two research routes. One was condensation to polyimide (PI) membranes directly and then thermal rearrangement (TR); the other one was ionic liquid (IL) added before condensation and thermal rearrangement. Through adjusting the thermal rearrangement temperature, different modified polyimide membranes were obtained and tested their separation performance of CO2/CH4. For the result of the test, the best one, membrane HAB‐6FDA‐IL‐TR400, could reach a good separation performance as PCO2 = 403.80 Barrer, αCO2/CH4 = 82.35. It was beyond the Robeson's 2019 upper limit and proved that the modification by IL and thermal rearrangement was benefit for the separation performance of polyimide membranes.
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Generation in Surfactant‐Free, Aqueous Organic Nanoparticle Dispersions
Authors: Bruder Jan , Fischer Karen , Armleder Jonas , Müller Erich , Da Roit Nicola , Behrens Silke , Peng Yuman , Wenzel Wolfgang , Röhm Holger , Colsmann Alexander 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogen generation in electrostatically stabilized, aqueous organic nanoparticle dispersions is investigated. For this purpose, organic nanoparticle dispersions are synthesized in water by nanoprecipitation from tetrahydrofuran and stabilized by charging through strong molecular electron acceptors. The dispersions are stable for more than 10 weeks on the shelf and during the photocatalytic process, despite the continuous transfer of charges between the reactants. The hydrogen generation in the electrostatically stabilized dispersions outperforms the hydrogen generation in organic nanoparticle dispersions which contain the common stabilizer sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Reprogramming the Tumor Immune Microenvironment Through Activatable Photothermal Therapy and GSH depletion Using Liposomal Gold Nanocages to Potentiate Anti‐Metastatic Immunotherapy
Authors: Li Jiayi , Zheng Kaifan , Lin Luping , Zhang Mengdi , Zhang Ziqi , Chen Junyu , Li Shaoguang , Yao Hong , Liu Ailin , Lin Xinhua , Liu Gang , Chen Bing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCancer immunotherapy offers significant clinical benefits for patients with advanced or metastatic tumors. However, immunotherapeutic efficacy is often hindered by the tumor microenvironment's high redox levels, leading to variable patient outcomes. Herein, a therapeutic liposomal gold nanocage (MGL) is innovatively developed based on photo‐triggered hyperthermia and a releasable strategy by combining a glutathione (GSH) depletion to remodel the tumor immune microenvironment, fostering a more robust anti‐tumor immune response. MGL comprises a thermosensitive liposome shell and a gold nanocage core loaded with maleimide. The flexible shell promotes efficient uptake by cancer cells, enabling targeted destruction through photothermal therapy while triggering immunogenic cell death and the maturation of antigen‐presenting cells. The photoactivated release of maleimide depletes intracellular GSH, increasing tumor cell sensitivity to oxidative stress and thermal damage. Conversely, GSH reduction also diminishes immunosuppressive cell activity, enhances antigen presentation, and activates T cells. Moreover, photothermal immunotherapy decreases elevated levels of heat shock proteins in tumor cells, further increasing their sensitivity to hyperthermia. In summary, MGL elicited a robust systemic antitumor immune response through GSH depletion, facilitating an effective photothermal immunotherapeutic strategy that reprograms the tumor microenvironment and significantly inhibits primary and metastatic tumors. This approach demonstrates considerable translational potential and clinical applicability.
Investigation of Rice Starch Characteristics Under Short Soaking‐Germination Influence
Authors: Oliveira Maria Eugenia Araujo Silva , Bassinello Priscila Zaczuk , Filho José Manoel Colombari , de Carvalho Carlos Wanderlei Piler , Takeiti Cristina Yoshie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSoaking and germination are processes used to improve nutritional characteristics in rice especially concerning γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and phenolic compounds. In contrast, during these processes the activation of enzymes may affect the rice starch. Hence, the current investigation aims to understand the impact of soaking and germination processes on starch structure in terms of morphological, texture, physicochemical and gelatinization properties of non‐germinated rice starch (NGRS), soaked rice starch (SRS), and germinated rice starch (GRS). It is observed that soaking and germination cause changes in granule surface and reduce relative crystallinity (27.40–26.08 and 27.40–25.65%) and enthalpy (9.69–8.81 and 9.69–8.37%) compared with NGRS. Unexpectedly, germination affects the gel strength during cooling showing an increase of maximum peak force (0.28 N), demonstrating that the gel of GRS is firmer than NGRS and SRS. The findings are useful to provide bases for utilization of soaked and germinated rice starches in developing products for the food industry.
Trio/hybrid fiber effect on the geopolymer reinforced concrete for flexural and shear behavior
Authors: Bayrak Barış 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGeopolymer concrete (GC) is an innovative and sustainable type of composite resulting from the chemical reaction between waste materials containing and alkaline activators. The researchers have been focused to reduction of the greenhouse‐gas release, especially during the production of cement. Although numerous studies have been conducted on alkali‐activated cement or GC at the material level, there is limited research in the literature on the structural performance of reinforced GC members. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of fiber combination on the shear and flexural performance of RC beams with maximum and minimum reinforcement ratio. To investigate the shear and flexural behavior of GC beam, four‐point and three‐point tests were performed on 12 GC with hybrid fibers, 4 GC with trio fibers, and 2 GC fiber‐free as references beams. The test parameters were the combination of fibers (steel, glass, carbon, and basalt), the longitudinal reinforcement ratio, and loading type. The key test results include the load‐deflection behavior, characteristics of the cracks, the effect of fiber type on the shear and flexural performance, ductility and stiffness properties, microstructure, the strain in the concrete, and the bars and code predictions. The test results showed that as expected, reducing the longitudinal reinforcement ratio decreased the strength, but the decrease in strength was tolerated by using different types of fibers. The use of trio fibers in beams under bending increased the strength capacity, considerably. Finally, the capacity prediction performance of current codes, that is, GB50010, EuroCode‐2, TS500, and ACI318, were also examined, and the calculations resulted that the current code equations had a percentage error of approximately 25% and 82% on average for flexural and shear, respectively, although EuroCode‐2 equations performed slightly better.
Experimental research on the flexural behavior of Basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) and steel bars hybrid reinforced concrete beams
Authors: Wei Bingyan , He Xiongjun , Chen Tao , Wu Chao , Wang Huayi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo investigate the flexural behavior of hybrid reinforced concrete (Hybrid‐RC) beams with Basalt fiber‐reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars and steel bars, this paper designed 14 Hybrid‐RC beams and studied the effect of different reinforcement forms on the flexural behavior of Hybrid‐RC beams. The research results indicated that when , an increase in leads to a decrease in the cracking moment, ultimate moment, and ductility of Hybrid‐RC beams, the maximum crack width and deflection will increase. When , an increase in will lead to a decrease in the cracking moment, deflection, and ductility of the Hybrid‐RC beams, while the maximum crack width and ultimate moment will increase. In addition, when , the area of BFRP bars (the area of steel bars remains unchanged) should be changed to improve the flexural behavior of the Hybrid‐RC beams; When , the Hybrid‐RC beams should change the area of steel bars (the area of BFRP bars remains unchanged) to improve the flexural behavior of the beams. In addition, the ductility index prediction equation for Hybrid (BFRP and steel)‐RC beams was fitted based on the results of the theoretical model research.
Equivalent damping ratios of nonclassically damped structures composed of two substructures along the height by using equivalent two‐degree‐of‐freedom systems
Authors: Saadatkhah Amir , Chenaghlou Mohammad Reza , Poursha Mehdi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe nonconventional damping properties of structures, composed of two substructures with different damping ratios along the height, make an exact seismic analysis very complex. Determining an equivalent damping ratio for such structures makes the time‐history analysis (THA) possible through conventional analysis methods. In this study, this issue is addressed using a novel analytical method that computes the equivalent damping ratios of arbitrary mixed structures composed of two different parts with arbitrary damping ratios. The accuracy of the method is verified by two studies already published in the technical literature that are based on the semiempirical analysis methods. Furthermore, the method is applied to two vertically irregular 15‐story frames composed of steel and reinforced concrete substructures. The seismic responses obtained from the THA using the proposed equivalent damping ratios are compared with those from the THA performed on the main structure with a nonclassical damping matrix. The latter analysis is implemented in the state space as a benchmark solution. The results indicate that the proposed formula generates accurate seismic responses. The advantages of the proposed analytical method are its ease of use, accuracy, and the capacity of application to arbitrary mixed structures composed of two parts with arbitrary damping ratios.
Se‐Methylselenocysteine Ameliorates DEHP‐Induced Ferroptosis in Testicular Sertoli Cells via the Nrf2/GPX4 Axis
Authors: Mao Weilin , Liu Yan , Gu Wei , Xu Wenchao , Liu Jihong , Ling Qing , Wang Jiaxin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDi (2‐ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an important plasticizer in industrial production, and its toxic effects on testes are widely recognized. Se‐methylselenocysteine (SMC) is a major selenium compound found in selenium‐rich plants, which possesses unique biological properties such as antioxidants. However, the effect of SMC on DEHP‐induced testicular injury and the specific mechanism remains unknown. In this study, 50 mice were randomly divided into 5 groups and were given corn oil (Control), DEHP, low‐dose SMC (L‐SMC), moderate‐dose SMC (M‐SMC), or high‐dose SMC (H‐SMC). The sperm quality of the mice in each group was determined, and HE staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were applied to observe testicular morphology, and testicular tissues were collected for the subsequent molecular biological analyses. The TM4 cell line was applied in vitro for mechanism validation. Our results showed that DEHP could lead to decreased sperm quality and blood–testis barrier damage in mice, which could be alleviated by SMC. Mitochondrial damage accompanied by accumulation of total iron content, MDA, and 4‐HNE, as well as downregulation of antioxidants SOD, GSH, and GSH‐Px were observed after DEHP treatment, which exhibited a typical ferroptosis feature. In vitro experiments confirmed that SMC promoted upregulation of GPX4 in TM4 cells and was able to alleviate DEHP metabolite MEHP‐induced ferroptosis and promote the expression of cell junction key proteins ZO‐1, Occludin, and Connexin 43, which could be inhibited by the GPX4 inhibitor RSL3 or the Nrf2 inhibitor ML385. Overall, the above results suggest that SMC ameliorates the DEHP‐induced ferroptosis in testicular Sertoli cells, protects the blood–testis barrier, and prevents sperm aberrations via the Nrf2/GPX4 axis.
Oral lymphoma with features of anaplastic large T‐cell lymphoma treated as an erosive and ulcerative stomatitis in a pony horse
Authors: Novotny Ladislav , Bezdekova Barbora 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLymphoma is the most common malignant haemolymphatic neoplasm in the horse, with a predominance of multicentric T‐cell‐rich large B‐cell lymphoma. Anaplastic large T‐cell lymphoma is a rare subtype of T‐cell lymphoma characterised by presence of atypical neoplastic lymphoid cells with kidney‐shaped or horseshoe‐shaped nuclei. This case report describes an unusual presentation of a lymphoma with morphological and immunohistological features of an anaplastic large T‐cell lymphoma with oral mucosal involvement in a horse that was originally presented with erosive to ulcerative stomatitis.
Consideration of Restoration in Yaw Resonance
Authors: Sakai Hideki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractYaw resonances cause the rear-end of the vehicle to swing, which is related to the feeling of handling. As a basis for improving this motion, this paper considers the restoration of yaw resonance. The equilibrium position of the yaw resonance is the extension of the velocity vector at the “heading point,” where the vehicle median line is perpendicular to the turning radius in a steady state turn. Toward this position, the center of percussion at the rear-end of the vehicle travels. This travel is the restoration of yaw. Observing the vehicle behavior from the earth-fixed coordinate system at the moment when the heading point changes direction of travel, the heading point and the center of percussion travel in their respective directions. Each motion continues for a distance from the rear wheel to the heading point to reach the equilibrium position. This continues time equals “yaw lead time constant.” Therefore, when the yaw lead time constant is small, the vehicle is restored in a short time.
Testing Urban Interaction Scenarios Between Automated Vehicles and Vulnerable Road Users Using a Vehicle-in-The-Loop Test Bench and a Motion Laboratory
Authors: Kaiser Michael , Otto Lisa Marie , Müller Steffen , Hartwecker André , Schyr Christian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFor testing and analyzing urban vehicle-pedestrian or vehicle-bicyclist interactions as realistically and safely as possible, new types of test environments are required. This paper presents and analyzes a test environment in which a Vehicle-in-the-Loop test bench is combined with a motion laboratory. In this test setup, a real automated vehicle can interact with a human pedestrian or cyclist in a virtual test field in the same way as in real road traffic. Employing a walking platform ensures that the pedestrian’s range of movement is not restricted during the test. This test environment is used to stimulate vehicle perception with a pedestrian avatar animated by a test subject. The test results are compared with measurements taken with a human pedestrian in reality, and strengths and weaknesses of the approach are discussed.