bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Straight Line Scoring by Clinical Competency Committees Using Emergency Medicine Milestones
Authors: Beeson Michael S. , Hamstra Stanley J. , Barton Melissa A. , Yamazaki Kenji , Counselman Francis L. , Shayne Philip H. , Holmboe Eric S. , Muelleman Robert L. , Reisdorff Earl J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
In 2013, milestone ratings became a reporting requirement for emergency medicine (EM) residency programs. Programs rate each resident in the fall and spring on 23 milestone subcompetencies.

Objective
This study examined the incidence of straight line scoring (SLS) for EM Milestone ratings, defined as a resident being assessed the same score across the milestone subcompetencies.

Methods
This descriptive analysis measured the frequencies of SLS for all Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)–accredited EM programs during the 2015–2016 academic year. Outcomes were the frequency of SLS in the fall and spring milestone assessments, changes in the number of SLS reports, and reporting trends. Chi-square analysis compared nominal variables.

Results
There were 6257 residents in the fall and 6588 in the spring. Milestone scores were reported for 6173 EM residents in the fall (99% of 6257) and spring (94% of 6588). In the fall, 93% (5753 residents) did not receive SLS ratings and 420 (7%) did, with no significant difference compared with the spring (5776 [94%] versus 397 [6%]). Subgroup analysis showed higher SLS results for residents' first ratings (183 of 2136 versus 237 of 4220, P &lt; .0001) and for their final ratings (200 of 2019 versus 197 of 4354, P &lt; .0001). Twenty percent of programs submitted 10% or more SLS ratings, and a small percentage submitted more than 50% of ratings as SLS.

Conclusions
Most programs did not submit SLS ratings. Because of the statistical improbability of SLS, any SLS ratings reduce the validity assertions of the milestone assessments.
La persona con demencia y el Museo Nacional del Prado: el arte de recordar
Authors: Moratilla-Pérez Iván , De Frutos-González Ester 
Published: October 2017

El presente trabajo describe algunos de los aspectos fundamentales de las actividades dirigidas a público con demencia, enmarcadas dentro del proyecto educativo "El Prado para todos", desde la edición 2008-09 hasta el presente. Típicamente, el programa cuenta con la participación, cada curso, de 20 centros especializados en el cuidado de personas con trastornos neurodegenerativos. Compuestos de 10-15 usuarios y acompañados de 2-5 trabajadores del centro, los grupos toman parte en una experiencia distribuida en dos jornadas diferentes, precedidas por una fase de preparación. Durante la primera jornada, desarrollada en el centro, se hace uso de una proyección de imágenes para captar la atención y estimular cognitivamente a los participantes; tras la proyección, se realiza una actividad lúdica o creativa. Durante la segunda jornada, en el Museo, se exploran, in situ, las obras tratadas en la sesión anterior. Después de la visita al Museo se invita a los centros participantes a elaborar trabajos relacionados con la experiencia. Estas obras son publicadas en un micrositio de Internet y han dado lugar, hasta el momento, a dos exposiciones celebradas en Madrid durante el año 2016. De la experiencia se concluye que la demencia no supone ningún obstáculo para el aprovechamiento de las actividades. Por el contrario, los participantes las enriquecen con su visión del mundo y del arte.
Learning Outcomes in a Laboratory Environment vs. Classroom for Statistics Instruction: An Alternative Approach Using Statistical Software
Authors: McCulloch Ryan Sterling 
Published: October 2017

The role of any statistics course is to increase the understanding and comprehension of statistical concepts and those goals can be achieved via both theoretical instruction and statistical software training. However, many introductory courses either forego advanced software usage, or leave its use to the student as a peripheral activity. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was instructional value in replacing classroom time with laboratory time dedicated to statistical software usage. The first approach used classroom lecture presentations, while the second replaced one classroom period per week with statistical software laboratories. It was hypothesized that replacing classroom time with software based laboratories would increase the level of statistics knowledge as compared to an otherwise identical class with no lab based component. Both pre-course and end-of course surveys were used, as well as identical examination questions. Comparisons within a time point, and longitudinal performance over the course were both evaluated. Survey results indicated that students would recommend lab based instruction significantly more than a primarily lecture based instruction (32% more, p=.020). Additionally, the performance improvement over the course of the semester was significantly higher for those students participating in laboratories (19.2% increase, p=.011). These findings indicate that sacrificing classroom time for a laboratory period improves the educational experience in an introductory statistics course and may help with the understanding and retention of difficult topics.
Ameloblastic carcinoma of the maxilla: A rare case presentation and a review of new cases
Authors: Sargolzaei Soudabeh , Khaleghjoo Arash , Taghavi Nasim 
Published: October 2017

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a relatively rare tumor which accounts for less than 4% of odontogenic tumors. The mandible is the preferred site and occurrence in the maxilla is extremely rare. Here, we report the case of a 40-year-old male with maxillary AC and present a review of the reported cases from 2009 to 2017 in English literature.
Are suggestions from coupled file changes useful for perfective maintenance tasks?
Authors: Ramadani Jasmin , Wagner Stefan 
Published: October 2017

Background
Software maintenance is an important activity in the development process where maintenance team members leave and new members join over time. The identification of files which are changed together frequently has been proposed several times. Yet, existing studies about coupled file changes ignore the feedback from developers as well as the impact of these changes on the performance of maintenance and rather these studies rely on the analysis findings and expert evaluation.

Methods
We investigate the usefulness of coupled file changes during perfective maintenance tasks when developers are inexperienced in programming or when they were new on the project. Using data mining on software repositories we identify files that are changed most frequently together in the past. We extract coupled file changes from the Git repository of a Java software system and join them with corresponding attributes from the versioning and issue tracking system and the project documentation. We present a controlled experiment involving 36 student participants in which we investigate if coupled file change suggestions influence the correctness of the task solutions and the required time to complete them.

Results
The results show that the use of coupled file change suggestions significantly increases the correctness of the solutions. However, there is only a minor effect on the time required to complete the perfective maintenance tasks. We also derived a set of the most useful attributes based on the developers’ feedback.

Discussion
Coupled file changes and a limited number of the proposed attributes are useful for inexperienced developers working on perfective maintenance tasks where although the developers using these suggestions solved more tasks, they still need time to understand and organize this information.
Advancements in the application of cardiopulmonary exercise testing for overweight and obese populations
Authors: Fu Tingshuai , Xiao Mingzhong , Ding Jiajia , Lu Chenxia , Wang Peiran , Yang Jingjing , Zhang Qing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the advancements in cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) among overweight or obese patients.MethodsReviewed the recent studies on clinical trials of CPET in overweight and obese patients, thought about the CPET advantage in obesity, while CPET equipment use for elucidating the principles underlying obesity and using CPET kinematic scheme to explore fat metabolism.ResultsThe exercise program developed by CPET is scientific, sustainable and advantageous. With this trial, we can develop a relatively effective, fast and measurable amount of exercise, on the basis of the exercise test in obese people, CPET can provide scientific and digital motion reducing weight for overweight patients. At the same time, the trial has become widely applied in research into drug and surgical treatments for overweight patients. It is possible to quantify the efficacy of a trial and ultimately assess the merits of CPET.ConclusionCPET is considered as a fundamental criterion for designing motion schemes. Despite limitations of equipment errors and patient endurance, the benefits of CPET in program formulation have been gradually recognized, which made it a promising tool in the field of obesity management.
Enhanced Myogenic Differentiation of Human Adipose‐Derived Stem Cells via Integration of 3D Bioprinting and In Situ Shear‐Based Blade Coating
Authors: Kim WonJin , Hwangbo Hanjun , Heo GaEun , Ryu Dongryeol , Kim GeunHyung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConventional treatments for volumetric muscle loss (VML) encounter limitations, such as donor site constraints and exploration of tissue engineering methods. Here, the fabrication of human adipose stem cell (hASC)‐laden cell constructs are proposed using a 3D bioprinting technique supported by blade casting. This process induces mechanotransduction to activate stem cell activities, including proliferation and myogenic differentiation. The printing conditions are optimized by assessing the effects of various process parameters on mechanotransduction signaling pathways. Notably, blade‐assisted bioprinting under carefully selected parameters enhanced the in vitro myogenic activity of the fabricated hASC constructs. Moreover, in vivo evaluation in mice with VML defects demonstrate that shear‐induced bioconstructs effectively restored lost functionalities and muscle volume compared to those of normally bioprinted cell constructs. The results show the potential of integrating bioprinting with hASC‐based therapies to enhance muscle regeneration and functional recovery, offering a meaningful platform for future tissue engineering approaches for VML treatment.
Biomass‐Derived Carbon Materials for Smart Electronics: Insights from Wood Pitch‐based Microsupercapacitors
Authors: Tan Ningning , Zhao Lan , Weng Yaohang , Li Haijun , Huang Biao , You Xinda , Lu Beili , Liu Hanyang , Lv Jianhua , Tang Lirong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWood pitch, derived from dry distillation of wood, is a promising carbon electrode material. A novel strategy is presented for fabricating honeycomb‐like porous carbon nanosheets using a template‐free approach. Wood pitch is pre‐treated with H₂O₂ to introduce oxygen‐containing functional groups selectively at the edges of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, enhancing hydrophilicity and reactivity. Adding rosin groups to the oxidized wood pitch molecules helps to regulate intermolecular spacing and prevent excessive aggregation, facilitating subsequent KOH intercalation activation and the formation of a porous structure. The resulting rosin‐modified wood pitch‐based carbon material (RWPC‐0.2) features a high specific surface area (3521.5 m2 g−1). With a current density of 1 A g−1, the device has a specific capacitance of 376 F g−1. After 5000 cycles at 10 A g−1, it still has 83.8% of its initial specific capacitance. Using direct ink writing (DIW) technology in combination with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene): polystyrene sulfonate/RWPC‐0.2 (PEDOT: PSS/RWPC‐0.2) as the electrode ink, microelectrodes are fabricated and microsupercapacitors are constructed with high areal capacitance (460 mF cm−2), excellent rate performance, and good cycling stability. This study offers new insights for developing printed micro‐energy storage devices based on wood pitch‐derived carbon materials and opens new possibilities for the application of biomass materials in smart electronics.
Efficient Deep‐Blue (465 nm) Perovskite Quantum Dot‐Based Light‐Emitting Diodes via Triphenylamine Derivative Tailored Hole Transport Engineering
Authors: Li Jiaqi , Nong Yingyi , Yao Jisong , Xu Leimeng , Yang Zhi , Wang Shalong , Song Jizhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskite quantum dot‐based light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) have garnered considerable attention for realizing wide color gamut displays. Despite the breakthrough achieved in sky‐blue perovskite QLEDs, it is still challenging to realize efficient Rec. 2020‐blue perovskite QLEDs. Herein, a triphenylamine derivative‐tailored hole transport layer (HTL) strategy is proposed for improving hole injection in deep‐blue perovskite QLEDs. The hole mobility of the tailored HTL (T‐HTL) is enhanced by ≈3.5 times compared to the pristine HTL (P‐HTL) by mixing the 4,4′‐cyclohexylidenebis [N, N‐bis(p‐tolyl) aniline] (TAPC) into poly [bis(4‐phenyl) (4‐butylphenyl) amine] (Poly‐TPD), and the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of T‐HTL is shifted down by 0.11 eV compared to P‐HTL, facilitating hole injection into the emitting layer. The resulting deep‐blue perovskite QLEDs exhibit an external quantum efficiency of 11.0% at 465 nm, meeting the Rec. 2020 standard and representing the state‐of‐the‐art deep‐blue perovskite QLEDs. Theoretical calculations and experimental results demonstrate that the enhanced hole transport capacity of the T‐HTL is attributed to the intermolecular π–π stacking between TAPC and Poly‐TPD. Other triphenylamine derivatives can also tailor the hole transport capacity and improve device performance, which demonstrates the universality of the proposed strategy.
Photothermal‐Mediated In Situ Delivery of Polycations Into Bacteria via Alternating Polymer‐Modified Nanoparticles for Targeted Bacterial Killing and Enhanced Biofilm Penetration
Authors: Cai Shilong , Hao You , Wang Xiao , Hu Yongjin , Zhao Jinghua , Amier Yirixiatijiang , Zhang Jingyan , Zhu Zhiyuan , Rao Jingyi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo achieve targeted clearance of bacteria and their biofilms, a straightforward strategy to integrate antimicrobial alternating polymers with photothermal polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) is proposed. By manipulating the alternating distribution of electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding units in the polymer backbone, the thermal stability of polymer‐particle interaction can be tuned, enabling photothermal‐mediated in situ delivery of cationic antimicrobial polymers into bacteria. The alternating polymer coating significantly enhances the penetration capability of NPs into the Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) biofilm, achieving a 99% bactericidal rate within the biofilm at a low concentration after 10 min of near‐infrared irradiation, whereas pristine PDA NPs shows negligible effects. The in‐vitro co‐culture model demonstrates that alternating‐polymer‐loaded NPs selectively eradicate 1 × 107 CFU mL−1 of MRSA and E. coli while preserving over 75% viability of the mammalian cells, including mice fibroblasts, human kidney cells, human cervical cancer cells, and macrophages. The efficacy of these biocompatible NPs in targeting bacteria is further validated in a mouse MRSA‐infected wound model. This approach represents a significant advancement in developing safe and efficient antimicrobial therapies with targeted bacterial killing and minimal off‐target effects based on alternating cationic polymers.
Br‐Induced d‐Band Regulation on Superhydrophilic Isostructural Cobalt Phosphide for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Ren Kai , Xu Wen‐Juan , Li Kai , Cao Jun‐Ming , Gu Zhen‐Yi , Liu Dai‐Huo , Dai Dong‐Mei , Li Wen‐Liang , Wu Xing‐Long 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHighly efficient novel electrocatalysts for hydrogen/oxygen production are urgently required, for noble metal‐based catalysts substitution. Cobalt phosphides have shown great potential for serving as bifunctional catalysts, owing to the cost effectiveness and high conductivity. However, the water splitting ability of them is still not comparative with commercial noble counterparts. In this work, we reported a Br‐induced strategy, to obtain an ultra‐hydrophilic isostructural Br0.036─Co1.085P@NF catalyst by a gas‐solid reaction method. As a typical halogen element, the introduction of Br can greatly enhance the surficial hydrophilicity and thus further impart ideal adsorption ability for water molecules. Meanwhile, the electronic structure could be regulated to further induce the generation of isostructural cobalt phosphides (CoP/Co2P). As a result, the contact angle of Br0.036─Co1.085P@NF catalysts nearly cannot be caught owing to the ultra‐hydrophilicity. It is also confirmed that, the d‐band center of Co shows apparent negative shift after Br introduction, which reduces the adsorption energy of oxygen‐containing intermediates thereby facilitating the desorption process. Besides, the introduction of Br can also reduce the barrier of O2 formation, show more favorable dynamic behaviors. This work proved the accessibility for an effective design strategy on halogen‐induced isostructural transition metal phosphides catalysts for high‐performance overall water splitting.
All‐Polymer Organic Electrochemical Synaptic Transistor With Controlled Ionic Dynamics for High‐Performance Wearable and Sustainable Reservoir Computing
Authors: He Yifei , Ge Zhaolin , Li Zhiyang , Li Zhaoxian , Liu Riping , Zhang Limei , Lan Liuyuan , Yue Wan , Xie Zhuang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWearable near/in‐sensor neuromorphic computing is driving next‐generation human‐artificial intelligence (AI) interface, the Internet of Things, and intelligent robots, with reservoir computing (RC) playing a pivotal role in advancing AI hardware, yet its potential remains underexplored. Herein, an all‐polymer accumulation‐mode organic electrochemical synaptic transistor (OEST) is demonstrated with controlled ionic dynamics that can facilitate high‐performance wearable RC while allowing entire recyclability. A microporous glycolated conjugated polymer channel (P3gCPDT‐1gT2) affords current output above mA level at <1 V and enables both volatile and non‐volatile modes in combination with soft poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/sorbitol electrodes and electrolytes (gelatin/glycerol). Particularly, modulation of the volatile OESTs as nonlinear dynamic reservoirs are elucidated by tuning ionic dynamics with applied voltages and gel compositions. Moreover, such an all‐polymer device exhibits synaptic performance preservation over >3000 bending cycles and allows convenient recyclability using eco‐friendly solvents. A wearable and sustainable RC system can be thus established by configuring the volatile units for data processing and the nonvolatile units as the weight storage in a single‐layer perceptron readout. Such a simple platform achieves up to 90% accuracy in voice recognition tasks under bending. Thus, this work facilitates the widespread integration of multifunctional organic electronic hardware for implementing intelligent information processing with low‐cost, body‐conformable, and eco‐benign features.
Synergetic Effect of Heterojunction and Sulfur Vacancy on ZnIn2S4/CeO2 to Enhance the Photocatalytic Performance of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5‐Diformylfuran
Authors: Wang Yue , Liu Huai , Lv Tianping , Jia Wenlong , Zhang Rui , Peng Lincai , Zhang Junhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe efficient separation of photocarriers and facile generation of superoxide radicals are crucial for enhancing the performance of photocatalysts in the selectively photo‐oxidizing 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) into 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF). Herein, a ZnIn2S4/CeO2 composite with S‐scheme heterojunction and sulfur vacancies (SV) is successfully developed through a one‐step hydrothermal method. The optimal catalyst (SV‐ZnIn2S4/CeO2) exhibits excellent catalytic activity with 100% conversion of HMF and 96.1% selectivity of DFF in 80 min under ambient conditions, the production rate of DFF is up to 952.6 µmol g−1 h−1. Intriguingly, the performance remains significant even when the concentration of HMF is increased from 8 to 100 mм. Experimental and theoretical investigations discover that the synergistic effect of S‐scheme heterojunction and sulfur vacancies contribute to the separation of photocarriers and the activation of oxygen, which facilitate the generation of superoxide radicals, thus boosting the catalytic oxidation reactions.
Hollow Nanobox‐Shaped Cu2‐xS@ZnxCd1‐xS Heterojunction by Light Multireflection with Z‐Scheme Mechanism for Enhanced Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production
Authors: Wang Lihui , Xiao Han , Yang Lei , Li Jiaxing , Zi Jiangzhi , Lian Zichao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAchieving efficient spatial photoinduced charge separation and light utilization for improving the high photocatalytic activity is still a major obstacle. Here, a Cu2‐xS@ZnxCd1‐xS (Cu2‐xS@ZnCdS) heterojunction is reported featuring a distinctive core–shell hollow nanobox structure. The Cu2‐xS@ZnxCd1‐xS exhibits high photocatalytic activity in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at the rate of 8175 µmol∙g−1∙h−1 under visible light irradiation, outperforming pristine ZnCdS nanoparticles and Cu2‐xS hollow nanoboxes. The remarkable activity and outstanding stability of Cu2‐x@ZnCdS are attributed to the development of robust interfacial electric fields, and improved light multireflection absorption efficiency as well as the Z‐scheme mechanism. The electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and in situ X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements gave the direct evidence of the formation of the Z‐scheme, which maintained the high redox potentials of each ZnCdS and Cu2‐xS. This study gives the guideline for the design of heterojunction with the Z‐scheme mechanism, leading to the high photocatalytic performance and remarkable stability.
Hybrid Nanoalloy‐Cluster‐Single Atom Sites Based Aerophilic Carbon Fiber Membranes as Binder‐Free Cathodes for Ultra‐Long‐Life Zn‐air Batteries
Authors: Zhu Jian , Li Zesheng , Shao Jingze , Xia Yu , Jiao Chuanlai , Chen Shaoqing , Li Guangshe , Zhu Yingcai , Chen Shi , Chen Rouxi , Xu Zian , Wang Hsing‐Lin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHigh‐efficient and durable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) are desirable to Zn‐air batteries (ZABs). However, most of catalysts in powder form with sole active sites remain challenging in achieving the satisfactory bifunctional catalysis and suffer from peeling off during the long‐term operation. Herein, hybrid CoFe active sites are constructed containing nanoalloys (≈10 nm), clusters (< 2 nm), and single atoms on aerophilic carbon fiber membranes as binder‐free air cathodes for ultra‐long‐life ZABs. In particular, the high air‐permeability of membranes (0.2 s) can prevent the active sites from blocking by O2 bubbles and promote the mass transfer. The theoretical and experimental results confirm that the hydrophilic CoFe2O4/CoFeOOH sites reconstructed on the surface of CoFe nanoalloys are mainly responsible for OER. While for single atoms and clusters on nitrogen (N)‐doped carbon matrix, they play a synergetic role in optimizing the adsorption energy to enhance ORR activity. Thus, the as‐prepared catalysts exhibit an ultra‐low ORR/OER potential gap (0.64 V). When further assembled as freestanding air‐electrodes, it exhibits an outstanding cycling lifespan of 1200 and 155 h in liquid‐ and quasi‐solid‐state ZABs respectively, which are fivefold and twofold higher than those of powder‐based cathodes (240/67 h).