bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Twee jaar Wwz in cijfers
Authors: Beukhof Marit , Rietveld Rachel 
Published: November 2017

Twee jaar Wwz in cijfers
In dit artikel wordt een cijfermatig overzicht gegeven van de eerste twee jaar Wwz. Inzichtelijk wordt hoe vaak een ontslaggrond is aangevoerd en wat de verhouding is tussen het aantal toe- en afwijzingen. Ook wordt ingegaan op de hoogte van de billijke vergoeding. Naast een algemeen overzicht worden de cijfers ook per rechtbank weergegeven.
Saberes de professores propícios à inclusão dos alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais: condições para sua construção
Authors: Nozi Gislaine Semcovici , Vitaliano Celia Regina 
Published: November 2017

Atitudes favoráveis à inclusão escolar de alunos com necessidades educacionais especiais têm sido consideradas por diversos pesquisadores como condição essencial para os professores. Considerando esta questão, é objetivo deste artigo descrever os saberes recomendados pela produção acadêmica para a inclusão escolar, bem como as condições que favorecem a sua aquisição. Para tanto, realizamos uma análise documental em teses e dissertações da área da Educação e Educação Especial, disponíveis no Banco de Teses da Capes, e pesquisa bibliográfica. Os dados coletados foram organizados em categorias. Os resultados indicaram a importância da capacidade do professor de valorizar a diferença e a heterogeneidade, de colocar-se no lugar do outro e ser favorável à Educação Inclusiva. Sobre as condições que favorecem a construção de atitudes positivas, identificaram-se a necessidade de desmitificação do conceito de deficiência e reflexões sobre suas possibilidades, formação adequada, experiências inclusivas positivas, e trabalho colaborativo entre professores especialistas, regentes e demais profissionais envolvidos.
Pouvoir discrétionnaire, infractions routières et interventions policières
Authors: Blais1 Étienne , Couture Marie-Andrée , Boivin Rémi , Poirier Brigitte 
Published: November 2017

Cet article adopte une conception perceptuelle du pouvoir discrétionnaire afin de comprendre le processus décisionnel des patrouilleurs dans le cadre de leurs activités de sécurité routière. Plus précisément, l’article relève les éléments pris en considération par les policiers lorsqu’ils décident d’intercepter les automobilistes qui commettent une infraction et, par la suite, de donner un constat d’infraction. Pour y arriver, 19 entretiens semi-directifs ont été réalisés auprès de patrouilleurs (n = 15) et directeurs de poste (n = 4). Les résultats montrent que les infractions graves mènent presque automatiquement à l’interception et l’émission d’un constat d’infraction. Lorsque les infractions entrent dans la zone de tolérance des policiers, que les policiers sont de mauvaise humeur et qu’ils vivent des contraintes de temps, le risque d’interception est révisé à la baisse. Une fois interceptés, les jeunes conducteurs et ceux ayant une mauvaise attitude sont plus souvent sanctionnés. Les policiers qui croient à l’efficacité du constat sont plus susceptibles d’en décerner. Enfin, les résultats indiquent que chaque décision est le résultat d’interactions entre différentes contraintes normatives liées au policier, à l’automobiliste et à son infraction, à l’environnement routier et à l’organisation policière.
Comment on “Assessing Discrepancies Between Previous Plate Kinematic Models of Mesozoic Iberia and Their Constraints” by Barnett‐Moore Et Al.
Authors: van Hinsbergen Douwe J. J. , Spakman Wim , Vissers Reinoud L. M. , van der Meer Douwe G. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn their recent paper, Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016) reflect on current models of Iberian plate motion in the Jurassic and Cretaceous as well as ongoing debates on the reliability of the various types of kinematic data that form independent constraints on Iberia's motion relative to Eurasia. They question the validity of various marine geophysical, seismic, tomographic, geological, and paleomagnetic data sets from the Bay of Biscay, Central Atlantic Ocean, and Iberia for kinematic reconstruction of Iberia and conclude that neither models invoking Aptian‐Albian transtension, nor compression, are consistent with currently available data. An important element in their analysis is that they discard the large paleomagnetic data set from the Jurassic and Cretaceous from Iberia based on perceived limitations of that data set. In addition, they argue that seismic tomographic images exclude a scenario of subduction in the Aptian‐Albian in the Pyrenees, and based on this “question the validity of current plate reconstructions, their constraints, and geodynamic scenarios, which are in support of this scenario [e.g., Vissers et al., 2016].” We welcome the discussion raised by Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016) on the reliability and usefulness of paleomagnetic data as independent constraint for Iberia's plate motion in the Mesozoic. Taking these paleomagnetic data at face value, Vissers et al. (2016) recently showed that these are consistent with an ~40° counterclockwise rotation of Iberia in the Aptian, requiring up to 500 km of Aptian convergence across the Pyrenees, that is, through subduction. In this comment, we aim to critically assess whether and how the concerns on the quality of paleomagnetic data raised by Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016) may allow for an alternative explanation, particularly one with a Mesozoic rotation of Iberia that is small enough so as to not requiring subduction. We also reassess whether seismic tomographic images indeed refute subduction scenarios, using 8 S wave and P wave tomographic models including those used in Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016).
The Role of Jet Adjustment Processes in Subtropical Dust Storms
Authors: Pokharel Ashok Kumar , Kaplan Michael L. , Fiedler Stephanie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMeso‐α/β/γ scale atmospheric processes of jet dynamics responsible for generating Harmattan, Saudi Arabian, and Bodélé Depression dust storms are analyzed with observations and high‐resolution modeling. The analysis of the role of jet adjustment processes in each dust storm shows similarities as follows: (1) the presence of a well‐organized baroclinic synoptic scale system, (2) cross mountain flows that produced a leeside inversion layer prior to the large‐scale dust storm, (3) the presence of thermal wind imbalance in the exit region of the midtropospheric jet streak in the lee of the respective mountains shortly after the time of the inversion formation, (4) dust storm formation accompanied by large magnitude ageostrophic isallobaric low‐level winds as part of the meso‐β scale adjustment process, (5) substantial low‐level turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), and (6) emission and uplift of mineral dust in the lee of nearby mountains. The thermally forced meso‐γ scale adjustment processes, which occurred in the canyons/small valleys, may have been the cause of numerous observed dust streaks leading to the entry of the dust into the atmosphere due to the presence of significant vertical motion and TKE generation. This study points to the importance of meso‐β to meso‐γ scale adjustment processes at low atmospheric levels due to an imbalance within the exit region of an upper level jet streak for the formation of severe dust storms. The low level TKE, which is one of the prerequisites to deflate the dust from the surface, cannot be detected with the low resolution data sets; so our results show that a high spatial resolution is required for better representing TKE as a proxy for dust emission.
A Wideband Cross Polarization Conversion Using Metasurface
Authors: Bhattacharyya Somak , Ghosh Saptarshi , Srivastava Kumar Vaibhav 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA cross polarization conversion (CPC) structure using metasurface over wide bandwidth has been presented for practical applications in this article. The unit cell of the proposed metasurface is made of metallic patch of single circular split‐ring imprinted on top surface of a metal‐backed single‐layer dielectric substrate. Full width at half maxima bandwidth of polarization conversion ratio (PCR) of 11.12 GHz is realized along with wide bandwidth of 9.92 GHz extending from 6.06 GHz to 15.98 GHz with more than 0.8 PCR magnitude is realized using suitable optimization of the geometrical dimensions. Four distinct PCR peaks are observed at 6.56 GHz, 10.38 GHz, 15.12 GHz, and 16.68 GHz. The polarization conversion phenomena at these four frequencies have been analyzed in the light of electromagnetic resonances. The roles of several geometrical parameters of the design are simultaneously investigated. The proposed structure has been studied under oblique incidence, both for transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations. Wideband polarization conversion characteristics up to 45° incident angles have been observed for both cases. A prototype of the proposed metasurface is fabricated, and experimental results are in good agreement with the simulated responses. The proposed structure is ultrathin; ~λ/11.8 with respect to the center frequency of the CPC bandwidth.
Late Eocene Uplift of the Al Hajar Mountains, Oman, Supported by Stratigraphy and Low‐Temperature Thermochronology
Authors: Hansman Reuben J. , Ring Uwe , Thomson Stuart N. , den Brok Bas , Stübner Konstanze 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUplift of the Al Hajar Mountains in Oman has been related to either Late Cretaceous ophiolite obduction or the Neogene Zagros collision. To test these hypotheses, the cooling of the central Al Hajar Mountains is constrained by 10 apatite (U‐Th)/He (AHe), 15 fission track (AFT), and four zircon (U‐Th)/He (ZHe) sample ages. These data show differential cooling between the two major structural culminations of the mountains. In the 3 km high Jabal Akhdar culmination AHe single‐grain ages range between 39 ± 2 Ma and 10 ± 1 Ma (2σ errors), AFT ages range from 51 ± 8 Ma to 32 ± 4 Ma, and ZHe single‐grain ages range from 62 ± 3 Ma to 39 ± 2 Ma. In the 2 km high Saih Hatat culmination AHe ages range from 26 ± 4 to 12 ± 4 Ma, AFT ages from 73 ± 19 Ma to 57 ± 8 Ma, and ZHe single‐grain ages from 81 ± 4 Ma to 58 ± 3 Ma. Thermal modeling demonstrates that cooling associated with uplift and erosion initiated at 40 Ma, indicating that uplift occurred 30 Myr after ophiolite obduction and at least 10 Myr before the Zagros collision. Therefore, this uplift cannot be related to either event. We propose that crustal thickening supporting the topography of the Al Hajar Mountains was caused by a slowdown of Makran subduction and that north Oman took up the residual fraction of N‐S convergence between Arabia and Eurasia.
Active Magmatic Underplating in Western Eger Rift, Central Europe
Authors: Hrubcová Pavla , Geissler Wolfram H. , Bräuer Karin , Vavryčuk Václav , Tomek Čestmír , Kämpf Horst 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Eger Rift is an active element of the European Cenozoic Rift System associated with intense Cenozoic intraplate alkaline volcanism and system of sedimentary basins. The intracontinental Cheb Basin at its western part displays geodynamic activity with fluid emanations, persistent seismicity, Cenozoic volcanism, and neotectonic crustal movements at the intersections of major intraplate faults. In this paper, we study detailed geometry of the crust/mantle boundary and its possible origin in the western Eger Rift. We review existing seismic and seismological studies, provide new interpretation of the reflection profile 9HR, and supplement it by new results from local seismicity. We identify significant lateral variations of the high‐velocity lower crust and relate them to the distribution and chemical status of mantle‐derived fluids and to xenolith studies from corresponding depths. New interpretation based on combined seismic and isotope study points to a local‐scale magmatic emplacement at the base of the continental crust within a new rift environment. This concept of magmatic underplating is supported by detecting two types of the lower crust: a high‐velocity lower crust with pronounced reflectivity and a high‐velocity reflection‐free lower crust. The character of the underplated material enables to differentiate timing and tectonic setting of two episodes with different times of origin of underplating events. The lower crust with high reflectivity evidences magmatic underplating west of the Eger Rift of the Late Variscan age. The reflection‐free lower crust together with a strong reflector at its top at depths of ~28–30 km forms a magma body indicating magmatic underplating of the late Cenozoic (middle and upper Miocene) to recent. Spatial and temporal relations to recent geodynamic processes suggest active magmatic underplating in the intracontinental setting.
A Reply to the Comment on “Assessing Discrepancies Between Previous Plate Kinematic Models of Mesozoic Iberia and Their Constraints” by Barnett‐Moore Et Al.
Authors: Barnett‐Moore N. , Font E. , Neres M. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe welcome the comments of van Hinsbergen et al. (2017) on the recent efforts of Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016). Specifically, van Hinsbergen et al. (2017) raise concerns about two of the major conclusions made by Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016). First, Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016) choose to negate the Cretaceous Iberian paleomagnetic database as a viable plate kinematic constraint on the plate motions of Mesozoic Iberia. This conclusion, criticized by van Hinsbergen et al. (2017), was based on citing the previous efforts of Neres et al. (2012, 2013), which exposed several shortcomings, elaborated on below, within this data set. Second, van Hinsbergen et al. (2017) criticize Barnett‐Moore et al. (2016) for dismissing mantle tomographic interpretations in support of a preserved Cretaceous Pyrenean “subducted slab” beneath northern Africa. Below, we have addressed each of these major criticisms from van Hinsbergen et al. (2017) in a two‐section layout, similar to their comment above.
Slip Inversion Along Inner Fore‐Arc Faults, Eastern Tohoku, Japan
Authors: Regalla Christine , Fisher Donald M. , Kirby Eric , Oakley David , Taylor Stephanie 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe kinematics of deformation in the overriding plate of convergent margins may vary across timescales ranging from a single seismic cycle to many millions of years. In Northeast Japan, a network of active faults has accommodated contraction across the arc since the Pliocene, but several faults located along the inner fore arc experienced extensional aftershocks following the 2011 Tohoku‐oki earthquake, opposite that predicted from the geologic record. This observation suggests that fore‐arc faults may be favorable for stress triggering and slip inversion, but the geometry and deformation history of these fault systems are poorly constrained. Here we document the Neogene kinematics and subsurface geometry of three prominent fore‐arc faults in Tohoku, Japan. Geologic mapping and dating of growth strata provide evidence for a 5.6–2.2 Ma initiation of Plio‐Quaternary contraction along the Oritsume, Noheji, and Futaba Faults and an earlier phase of Miocene extension from 25 to 15 Ma along the Oritsume and Futaba Faults associated with the opening of the Sea of Japan. Kinematic modeling indicates that these faults have listric geometries, with ramps that dip ~40–65°W and sole into subhorizontal detachments at 6–10 km depth. These fault systems can experience both normal and thrust sense slip if they are mechanically weak relative to the surrounding crust. We suggest that the inversion history of Northeast Japan primed the fore arc with a network of weak faults mechanically and geometrically favorable for slip inversion over geologic timescales and in response to secular variations in stress state associated with the megathrust seismic cycle.
Work Optimization Predicts the Evolution of Extensional Step Overs Within Anisotropic Host Rock: Implications for the San Pablo Bay, CA
Authors: McBeck Jessica , Cooke Michele , Madden Elizabeth 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRecent geophysical imaging indicates that the Hayward Fault hard links to the Rodgers Creek Fault at 5 m depth within the San Pablo Bay, CA, suggesting that earthquakes may be able to rupture continuously through the fault network. To investigate fault propagation, interaction, and linkage in segmented fault networks, including those within the San Pablo Bay, we simulate the development of two idealized, underlapping faults within an extensional step over at seismogenic depths using work optimization. We test the sensitivity of fault growth to strength anisotropy, material heterogeneities, and initial fault geometry. The optimal faults propagate toward each other until linking with the other fault at its tip and form a single hard‐linked transverse fault. These faults propagate with relatively high propagation power or rate of efficiency gain. Less efficient faults form wider basins and develop with reduced propagation power. Models with initial fault geometries that more closely match the shallowly imaged Hayward and Rodgers Creek faults suggest that the faults link at seismogenic depths if a mapped segment of the Rodgers Creek that extends into the San Pablo Bay is currently inactive. Predictions of average slip rate, slip per earthquake, and earthquake magnitude from these models closely match paleoseismic estimates. The hard linkage of the Hayward and Rodgers Creek faults imaged in the near‐surface, and predicted by these models, increases local seismic hazard by increasing the upper limit of throughgoing earthquakes toM7.6.
Nucleophilic Arylation of N,O‐Ketene Acetals with Triaryl Aluminum Reagents: Access to α‐Aryl Amides through an Umpolung Process
Authors: Takeda Norihiko , Futaki Erika , Kobori Yukiko , Ueda Masafumi , Miyata Okiko 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA novel approach for the umpolung α‐arylation of amides is presented. By the nucleophilic phenylation of O‐silyl N,O‐ketene acetals, generated in situ from N‐alkoxy amides, a phenyl group can be introduced onto the α‐carbon atom of amides through N−O bond cleavage in a two‐step, one‐pot process. The asymmetric synthesis of α‐aryl amides through the diastereoselective arylation of a chiral N,O‐ketene acetal is also described.
Metabolic profiles analysis of 1,3‐propanediol production process by Clostridium butyricum through repeated batch fermentation coupled with activated carbon adsorption
Authors: Zhang Ai‐Hui , Liu Hao‐Lin , Huang Shi‐Yang , Fu You‐Si , Fang Bai‐Shan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract1,3‐propanediol production by Clostridium butyricum is a low productivity process due to the long time seed cultivation and thus hinders its industrial scale production. In the present study, repeated batch fermentation coupled with activated carbon adsorption strategy was first established which conduced not only to saving the time of seed cultivation and enhancing the productivity, but also to reducing the costs for the seed cultivation to achieve the purpose of 1,3‐propanediol continuous production. The concentration of 1,3‐propanediol from first to fourth cycle was 42.89, 45.78, 44.48, 42.39 (g/L), and the corresponding volumetric productivity was 2.14, 1.91, 1.85, 2.12 (g/L · h−1) respectively. More importantly, a relatively complete schematic diagram of the proposed metabolic pathways was firstly mapped out based on the intracellular metabolites analysis through GC‐MS. At the same time, metabolic pathway and principal components analyses were carried out to give us deep insight into metabolic state. Many metabolites occurred to response to the stress in Cycle II. Even resting body formed and lipid accumulated owing to the worsening environment in the group without activated carbon in Cycle III. Thus, it demonstrated that activated carbon provided a favorable microenvironment for Clostridium butyricum in the repeated batch fermentation process to achieve the purpose of 1,3‐propanediol continuous production.
Improved Enantioselectivity of Subtilisin Carlsberg towards Secondary Alcohols by Protein Engineering
Authors: Dorau Robin , Görbe Tamás , Svedendahl Humble Maria 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGenerally, the catalytic activity of subtilisin Carlsberg (SC) for transacylation reactions with secondary alcohols in organic solvent is low. Enzyme immobilization and protein engineering was performed to improve the enantioselectivity of SC towards secondary alcohols. Possible amino‐acid residues for mutagenesis were found by combining available literature data with molecular modeling. SC variants were created by site‐directed mutagenesis and were evaluated for a model transacylation reaction containing 1‐phenylethanol in THF. Variants showing high E values (>100) were found. However, the conversions were still low. A second mutation was made, and both the E values and conversions were increased. Relative to that shown by the wild type, the most successful variant, G165L/M221F, showed increased conversion (up to 36 %), enantioselectivity (E values up to 400), substrate scope, and stability in THF.
Directed Self‐Assembly in “Breath Figure” Templating of Melamine‐Based Amphiphilic Copolymers: Effect of Hydrophilic End‐Chain on Honeycomb Film Formation and Wetting
Authors: Yin Hongyao , Feng Yujun , Billon Laurent 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAmphiphilic copolymers are widely used in the fabrication of hierarchically honeycomb‐structured films through a “breath figure” (BF) process because the hydrophilic block plays a key role in stabilising water templating. However, the hydrophilic monomers reported are mainly confined to acrylic acid and its derivatives, which largely limits understanding of the formation of BF arrays and the introduction of additional functions on porous films. The relationship between polymer composition, film microstructure and surface properties are also less documented. Herein, a novel melamine‐based hydrophilic moiety, N‐[3‐({3‐[(4,6‐bis{[3‐(dimethylamino)propyl]amino}‐1,3,5‐triazin‐2yl)amino]propyl}(methyl)amino)propyl]methacrylamide (ANME), was incorporated into polystyrene (PS) chains by combining atom‐transfer radical polymerisation and post‐modification to afford three well‐defined end‐functionalised PS‐PANME derivatives. These polymers were used to fabricate honeycomb films through the BF technique. Both inner and outer microstructures of the films were characterised by optical microscopy, AFM and SEM. Polymer hydrophilicity is enhanced upon increasing the PANME content, which results in variation of the film microstructure and porosity, and provokes a transition from Cassie–Baxter to Wenzel behaviour. Furthermore, the surface wettability of as‐prepared honeycomb films and corresponding pillared films is mainly governed by film morphology, rather than by the properties of the polymers. Knowledge of the relationships between polymer composition and film structure, as well as surface wettability, is beneficial to design and prepare hierarchically porous films with desirable structures and properties.
Quinocidin, a Cytotoxic Antibiotic with an Unusual 3,4‐Dihydroquinolizinium Ring and Michael Acceptor Reactivity toward Thiols
Authors: Nakagawa Yu , Sawaki Yuki , Kimura Takahiro , Tomura Tomohiko , Igarashi Yasuhiro , Ojika Makoto 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCytotoxicity‐guided fractionation of the culture broth of Actinomadura sp. TP‐A0019 led to the isolation of quinocidin (1), a cytotoxic antibiotic with an unusual 3,4‐dihydroquinolizinium ring. The structural assignment was made on the basis of high‐field NMR experiments and chemical synthesis. Comparison of the spectral properties of 1 with those of its synthetic counterparts revealed that 1 is a racemic mixture of two enantiomers, which showed similar cytotoxicity against HeLa‐S3 cells. Nucleophile‐trapping experiments demonstrated that 1 captured 2‐mercaptoethanol and N‐acetyl‐l‐cysteine by means of a Michael addition‐type reaction, but was inert toward 2‐aminoethanol and glycolic acid. Notably, the addition of 1 to thiols proceeded smoothly in neutral aqueous media at room temperature. In view of the thiol‐trapping ability and the unusual structure, 1 provides a unique scaffold for designing drug leads and protein‐labeling probes.