bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experienced DSAEK Surgeon's Transition to DMEK: Outcomes Comparing the Last 100 DSAEK Surgeries With the First 100 DMEK Surgeries Exclusively Using Previously Published Techniques
Authors: Phillips Paul M. , Phillips Louis J. , Muthappan Valliamai , Maloney Charlene M. , Carver Christopher N. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To compare outcomes of Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) when an experienced DSAEK surgeon transitions to DMEK while following 2 published endothelial keratoplasty surgical techniques.

Methods:
This is a retrospective review of 200 eyes of 132 patients with Fuchs corneal dystrophy that underwent endothelial keratoplasty performed by one surgeon. Published, standardized techniques were followed for both DSAEK and DMEK. Postoperative complications were recorded. Best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), intraocular pressure, and central endothelial cell loss (ECL) were evaluated at 6 months postoperatively.

Results:
There were no intraoperative complications. One DSAEK and 5 DMEK grafts developed graft detachment requiring rebubbling (P = 0.097). No iatrogenic primary graft failures occurred in the DSAEK group compared with one in the DMEK group. No pupil block episodes occurred in the DSAEK group compared with one in the DMEK group. Posterior synechiae formation occurred 15 times in the DMEK group and did not occur in the DSAEK group (P < 0.001). At 6 months, BSCVA was better in the DMEK group than in the DSAEK group (20/24; logMAR = 0.0844–20/32; logMAR = 0.2063) (P < 0.001). More eyes reached 20/20 or better BSCVA in the DMEK group compared with DSAEK (54.5%–13%) (P < 0.011). At 6 months, ECL was higher in the DMEK group than in the DSAEK group (31.9%–19.9%) (P < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Complications can be minimized and excellent outcomes can be achieved, without a steep learning curve, when an experienced DSAEK surgeon transitions to DMEK following a standardized technique. Six-month vision outcomes are better in the DMEK group; however, the rate of a newly described complication, posterior synechiae formation, and 6-month ECL are higher in the DMEK group than in the DSAEK group.
Refractory Tamoxifen-Induced Keratopathy Despite Drug Withdrawal
Authors: Andreanos Konstantinos , Oikonomakis Konstantinos , Droutsas Konstantinos , Petrelli Myrsini , Kymionis George 
Published: December 2016

Purpose:
To report a case with refractory tamoxifen-induced keratopathy despite drug withdrawal.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 50-year-old woman, diagnosed with bilateral breast cancer underwent mastectomy in 2005. She was treated with tamoxifen citrate from 2005 to 2012. According to her medical history, no corneal abnormalities had been documented during past ophthalmological examinations except low myopia, before initiation of tamoxifen treatment. In 2009, 4 years after start of treatment, she was diagnosed with subepithelium deposits compatible with drug-induced keratopathy. The patient was examined again in 2016, 4 years after withdrawal of the drug with persistent tamoxifen-induced keratopathy.

Conclusions:
Contrary to current literature, it seems that tamoxifen-induced corneal abnormalities may persist for years after drug withdrawal.
Group Psychotherapeutic Factors and Perceived Social Support Among Veterans With PTSD Symptoms
Authors: Cox Daniel W. , Owen Jess J. , Ogrodniczuk John S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractOne of the most potent protective factors against psychiatric symptoms after military trauma is perceived social support. Although group psychotherapy has been linked with increasing social support, no research has evaluated which therapeutic mechanisms are associated with this increase beyond symptom reduction. We investigated which interpersonal therapeutic factors were related to changes in social support, beyond posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom reduction. Participants were 117 veterans in a multimodal outpatient group psychotherapy treatment designed to reduce PTSD symptoms and interpersonal difficulties. Generally, therapeutic factors were related to improvements in social support from baseline to posttreatment beyond the effects of PTSD symptom reduction. Specifically, social learning was associated with changes in appraisal support, secure emotional expression was associated with changes in tangible support, and neither was associated with changes in belonging support. Depending on the goals of treatment, understanding these variations are important so clinicians and researchers can appropriately design and target their interventions to facilitate desired changes.
Sexually Transmitted Disease Testing and Uptake of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in a Large Online Survey of US Men Who Have Sex With Men at Risk for HIV Infection, 2012
Authors: Kahle Erin M. , Meites Elissa , Sineath R. Craig , Nasrullah Muazzam , Bowles Kristina E. , DiNenno Elizabeth , Sullivan Patrick S. , Sanchez Travis 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
National guidelines recommend annual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted disease testing for sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM) and vaccination against human papillomavirus for MSM through age 26. A 2012 online survey of 2,794 MSM found that 51%, 36%, and 14% reported receiving human immunodeficiency virus testing, sexually transmitted disease testing, and human papillomavirus vaccination, respectively.
Personalized Progressive Addition Lenses: Correlation between Performance and Design
Authors: Forkel Johanne , Reiniger Jenny Lorén , Muschielok Adam , Welk Andrea , Seidemann Anne , Baumbach Peter 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
A continuous set of personalized designs (design space) for progressive addition lenses (PALs) is investigated. The main goals are (1) to study how the subjects’ perception of a personalized design depends on its position in the design space and (2) to compare the performance of personalized PALs to a conventional PAL with a fixed design.

Methods
In a double-blind study, 51 subjects compared Rodenstock Impression FreeSign 3, which is a family of PALs with a continuously controllable personalized design, and Rodenstock Progressiv Life Free, which is a conventional PAL with a single fixed design. The positions and sizes of viewing zones and the softness of gradients of mean power and astigmatism of personalized lenses were customized to individual viewing preferences. These designs were represented as points in a design space comprising a continuum of PAL designs. Subjective ratings and experimental measurements were used to study viewing zone widths, blur gradient smoothness, amount of distortion, the feeling of safety during motion, and overall wearing comfort.

Results
(1) Far viewing zone width (experiments and ratings), near viewing zone width (experiments), blur gradient smoothness, and the amount of distortion (ratings) were significantly dependent on the position of the personalized lens design in the design space. This was consistent with the structure of the design space. (2) 82% of the subjects chose personalized lenses as their favorite. Most subjects reported higher wearing comfort and tolerability with personalized lenses than with conventional lenses.

Conclusions
The designs of the tested personalized lenses were perceived by the subjects as intended. This is a prerequisite to the successful customization of PALs to individual wearing preferences. Possible reasons for the preference of the tested personalized lenses are the optimization with respect to individual wearing conditions and the personalization.
The Effects of a Genital Vibratory Stimulation Device on Sexual Function and Genital Sensation
Authors: Guess Marsha K. , Connell Kathleen A. , Chudnoff Scott , Adekoya Olusola , Richmond Cherrilyn , Nixon Kayla E. , Freeman Katherine , Melman Arnold 
Published: December 2016

Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a genital vibratory stimulation device in improving sexual function in women with arousal and orgasm disorders.

Methods
In this single-arm, prospective study, baseline and 1- and 3-month assessments were performed to evaluate women with sexual arousal and/or orgasmic disorders, who received therapy using a genital vibratory stimulation device. Sexual function, satisfaction, and distress were evaluated using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), the Female Sexual Distress Scale, and the Female Intervention Efficacy Index questionnaires. Genital sensation was evaluated using quantitative sensory testing.

Results
Seventy women, aged 19 to 64 years, were evaluated from October 2009 to August 2013. Forty-seven (67.1%) and 37 (52.9%) women completed 1- and 3-month follow-ups, respectively. The FSFI arousal and orgasm domain scores and total FSFI scores improved at 1 and 3 months (P < 0.001 for all outcomes). Mean (SD) total FSFI scores increased from 20.04 (4.65) (baseline) to 25.03 (5.21) (1 month) to 26.66 (5.42) (3 months; both Ps < 0.0001). Female Sexual Distress Scale scores reflected significantly decreased distress at 1 (P = 0.0006) and 3 (P < 0.0001) months compared with baseline and at 3 months compared with 1 month (P = 0.03). Neurological sensation was increased at all genital sites at 1 and 3 months (P < 0.0001 for all). After adjustment for age, there was a significant interaction between arousal domain scores and clitoral and right labial sensation. At 3 months, perceptions of increased vaginal lubrication, orgasm, and genital sensation were reported by 67.5%, 65.0%, and 82.5% of the participants. No major adverse events were noted.

Conclusions
Genital vibratory stimulation device use resulted in uniform improvements in sexual function, satisfaction, sexually related distress and genital sensation.
A Sr
2+
-metal–organic framework with high chemical stability: synthesis, crystal structure and photoluminescence property
Authors: Jia Yan-Yuan , Liu Xiao-Ting , Wang Wen-He , Zhang Li-Zhu , Zhang Ying-Hui , Bu Xian-He 
Published: November 2016

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are typically built by assembly of metal centres and organic linkers, and have emerged as promising crystalline materials in a variety of fields. However, the stability of MOFs is a key limitation for their practical applications. Herein, we report a novel Sr

2+

-MOF [Sr
4
(Tdada)
2
(H
2
O)
3
(DMF)
2
] (denoted as NKU-
105
, NKU = Nankai University; H
4
Tdada = 5,5'-((thiophene-2,5-dicar bonyl)bis(azanediyl))diisophthalic acid; DMF =
N,N
-dimethylformamide) featuring an open square channel of about 6 Å along the
c
-axis. Notably, NKU-
105
exhibits much outstanding chemical stability against common organic solvents, boiling water, acids and bases, relative to most MOF materials. Furthermore, NKU-
105
is an environment-friendly luminescent material with a bright cyan emission.

This article is part of the themed issue ‘Coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks: materials by design’.
The modulator driven polymorphism of Zr(IV) based metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Drache Franziska , Bon Volodymyr , Senkovska Irena , Getzschmann Jürgen , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: November 2016

The reaction of ZrCl
4
and 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (H
2
tdc) in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid (Htfa) as modulator results in the formation of the new metal–organic framework (MOF) named DUT-126 (DUT = Dresden University of Technology). The nature and concentration of modulators are found to be decisive synthetic parameters affecting the topology of the formed product. DUT-126 (
hbr
) extends the series of polymorphs differing in topology, namely DUT-67 (
reo
), DUT-68 (
bon
) and DUT-69 (
bct
) to four, where DUT-67 and DUT-68 show the same eight-connected secondary building units as in DUT-126. In DUT-126, linker molecules have a peculiar orientation, resulting in
hbr
topology, which is described for the first time in this work for MOFs. DUT-126 contains three pore types, including two micropores surrounding mesoporous channels. DUT-126 is stable against hydrolysis and features permanent porosity with a specific surface area of 1297 m
2
g
−1
and a total pore volume of 0.48 cm
3
g
−1
, calculated from the nitrogen physisorption isotherm measured at 77 K.

This article is part of the themed issue ‘Coordination polymers and metal–organic frameworks: materials by design’.
Complicated sea urchin-induced wound infection caused by Vibrio
alginolyticus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis in a 14-year-old boy
Authors: Bultmann Christoph André , Steiß Jens-Oliver , Langner Cornelia , Benkert Birgit , Havener Magdalena , Küsters Uta , Hühn-Lindenbein Stephan Georg , Mack Dietrich 
Published: December 2016

Introduction:
Wound infections with Vibrio alginolyticus, a Gram-negative bacterium found in all temperate oceans, are rarely reported. However, a rising incidence of wound infections caused by V. alginolyticus requires better knowledge about this infectious agent.

Case presentation:
We report the case of a 14-year-old boy suffering from a wound infection caused by V. alginolyticus and Staphylococcus lugdunensis after stepping on a sea urchin. Despite wound debridement and antibiotic therapy with cefaclor, the lesion did not heal over several weeks. After identification of the pathogens and antibiotic-susceptibility testing, antibiotic therapy was switched to ciprofloxacin, followed by trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Two months after the accident the wound was re-epithelialized. Follow up after 6 months revealed a painful scar.

Conclusion:
Non-cholera vibrios like V. alginolyticus should be considered as possible causative agents in seawater-contaminated wounds. S. lugdunensis is a relevant pathogen in mixed wound infections. Early microbiological diagnosis and antibiotic-susceptibility testing is crucial to prevent therapeutic failure.
The commercial antimicrobial triclosan induces high levels of antibiotic tolerancein vitroand reduces antibiotic efficacy up to 100-foldin vivo
Authors: Westfall Corey , Flores-Mireles Ana Lidia , Robinson John Isaac , Lynch Aaron J.L. , Hultgren Scott , Henderson Jeffrey P. , Levin Petra Anne 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe antimicrobial triclosan is used in a wide range of consumer products ranging from toothpaste, cleansers, socks, and baby toys. A bacteriostatic inhibitor of fatty acid synthesis, triclosan is extremely stable and accumulates in the environment. Approximately 75% of adults in the US have detectable levels of the compound in their urine, with a sizeable fraction of individuals (>10%) having urine concentrations equal to or greater than the minimal inhibitory concentration forEscherichia coliand methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). Previous work has identified connections between defects in fatty acid synthesis and accumulation of the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate (ppGpp), which has been repeatedly associated with antibiotic tolerance and persistence. Based on these data, we hypothesized that triclosan exposure may inadvertently drive bacteria into a state in which they are able to tolerate normally lethal concentrations of antibiotics. Here we report that clinically relevant concentrations of triclosan increasedE. coliand MRSA tolerance to bactericidal antibiotics as much as 10,000 foldin vitroand reduced antibiotic efficacy up to 100-fold in a mouse urinary tract infection model. Genetic analysis indicated that triclosan-mediated antibiotic tolerance requires ppGpp synthesis, but is independent of growth. These data highlight an unexpected and certainly unintended consequence of adding high concentrations of antimicrobials in consumer products, supporting an urgent need to reevaluate the costs and benefits of the prophylactic use of triclosan and other bacteriostatic compounds.ImportanceAdded as a prophylactic to a wide range of consumer products, the fatty acid synthesis inhibitor triclosan accumulates to high levels in humans and the environment. Based on links between defects in fatty acid synthesis and accumulation of the alarmone ppGpp, we hypothesized that triclosan would render cells tolerant to bactericidal compounds due to ppGpp-mediated inhibition of biosynthetic capacity. Our data indicate that clinically relevant concentrations of triclosan induces higher tolerance ofE. coliand methicillin resistantS. aureus(MRSA) to a panel of bactericidal antibiotics up to 10,000-fold. In a urinary tract infection model, mice exposed to triclosan exhibited bacterial loads ~100-fold higher in the bladder than control animals following ciprofloxacin challenge. These findings highlight an unexpected consequence of antimicrobials in consumer products and support an urgent need to reevaluate the costs and benefits of the prophylactic use of triclosan and other bacteriostatic compounds.
New genes and functional innovation in mammals
Authors: Villanueva-Cañas José Luis , Ruiz-Orera Jorge , Agea M.Isabel , Gallo Maria , Andreu David , Albà M.Mar 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThe birth of genes that encode new protein sequences is a major source of evolutionary innovation. However, we still understand relatively little about how these genes come into being and which functions they are selected for. To address these questions we have obtained a large collection of mammalian-specific gene families that lack homologues in other eukaryotic groups. We have combined gene annotations andde novotranscript assemblies from 30 different mamalian species, obtaining about 6,000 gene families. In general, the proteins in mammalian-specific gene families tend to be short and depleted in aromatic and negatively charged residues. Proteins which arose early in mammalian evolution include milk and skin polypeptides, immune response components, and proteins involved in reproduction. In contrast, the functions of proteins which have a more recent origin remain largely unknown, despite the fact that these proteins also have extensive proteomics support. We identify several previously described cases of genes originatedde novofrom non-coding genomic regions, supporting the idea that this mechanism frequently underlies the evolution of new protein-coding genes in mammals. Finally, we show that most young mammalian genes are preferentially expressed in testis, suggesting that sexual selection plays an important role in the emergence of new functional genes.
Sports and intellectual disability: a clash of cultures?
Authors: McConkey Roy 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to argue that sports, play and games have contributed immensely to human evolution and development.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a commentary.

Findings
Often dismissed as past-times or amusements, a wealth of research has now evidenced the benefits of sports to children, youth, adults and senior citizens. Physical health, emotional well-being, friendships, learning/cognition and self-esteem are all positively impacted through participation in sports. Yet these benefits are rarely exploited for people with intellectual disabilities. A fundamental reason is that the culture of health and social services is the antithesis of that inherent in sports. Reconciliation is clearly desirable but it requires innovative and creative actions from both sectors.

Originality/value
Examples are given based on emerging experience and evidence but their implementation remains a daunting challenge with as yet few “fans” in support of harnessing the power of sport to improve the quality of life of people with intellectual disability.
Distromed Bioclean Pvt. Ltd.
Authors: Avashia Vidhee , Narayanaswami Sundaravalli , Saxena Anurag 
Published: December 2016

Subject area
The subject area is operations management.

Study level/applicability
The case is to be used at master’s level, for example, MBA courses on operations management, operations research, logistics management and supply chain management.

Case overview
It was the morning of 20 September 2012 and the three directors of Distromed Bioclean Pvt. Ltd. were in the office discussing the developments from past night’s meeting with the Rajkot Chapter of the Indian Medical Association. They are a bio-medical waste treatment facility involved in collection, treatment and disposal services and charge yearly subscription fees. On 13 September 2012, fuel prices had gone up consecutively for the second year. Last year, the doctors resisted the fee hike and seemed reluctant this year again. In response, management of the company was looking for ways to minimize the total distance travelled by its fleet to reduce the operating cost.

Expected learning outcomes
The paper enables illustration of concepts of routing/scheduling and generation of optimal solutions in a realistic setting; and developing the understanding regarding the travelling salesman problem, Chinese postman problem and the entire family of vehicle routing problems and vehicle scheduling problems.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 9: Operations and Logistics.
Formalism for discrete multidimensional dynamic systems
Authors: Micó Joan C. , Caselles Antonio , Soler David , Romero Pantaleón D. 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to suggest a formalism given by an equation suitable for simulating discrete systems with space-time variation in addition to other change variables. With such formalism, multidimensional dynamical models of discrete complex systems, such as the social systems and ecosystems, can be built.

Design/methodology/approach
This formalism is named as discrete multidimensional dynamic system (DMDS). The DMDS provides a way to consider the variation of the density of a state variable with regard to the variables of the change space as a function of multidimensional rates. Multidimensional rates describe this evolution as a consequence of the relation of each multidimensional-point with a given set of other points of the change space. This relation contains the accessibility domains (sets of space points with which each space point is related).

Findings
This equation is compared with both the reaction-diffusion equation written in its finite difference form and the cellular-automata model, demonstrating its compatibility with them and an increase in generality, widening the scope of application. The steps to construct models of systems with multidimensional variation based on the equation that defines the DMDS are specified and tested.

Research limitations/implications
Through the DMDS and a well-stated methodology, an application case is provided in order to describe the multidimensional demographic dynamics of an urban system. In this case, the numerical evolution of the population density by districts and cohorts is determined by the DMDS based on some hypothesis about functions of population diffusion between the different districts of the system.

Originality/value
The scope of application of the space-time dynamic system (STDS), given by the authors in a previous work, has been extended to discrete and multidimensional systems. STDS model produces better results than the reaction-diffusion model in validation.