bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can News Draw Blood? The Impact of Media Coverage on the Number and Severity of Terror Attacks
Authors: Beckmann Klaus B. , Dewenter Ralf , Thomas Tobias 
Published: February 2017

AbstractUsing a new data set that captures the share of reporting on terrorism, we explore the nexus between terrorist attacks and the news. It turns out that terrorism mainly influences news reports through the number of incidents. Regarding the reverse causality, we provide evidence that the share of the news devoted to terrorism Granger-causes further terrorist activities. However, short-run and medium-run effects differ: media coverage on terror only impact in the severity of terror in the short run (up to two months). From the third to the tenth months, it causes an increase in the number as well as in the severity of the attack. These observations are consistent with the idea of competition between terrorist groups.
Splenic Artery Pseudoaneurysm Rupture into a Pancreatic Pseudocyst with its Subsequent Perforation as the Cause of a Massive Intra-Abdominal Bleeding – Case Report
Authors: Szpakowicz Jerzy , Szpakowicz Paulina , Urbanik Andrzej , Markuszewski Leszek 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPseudocysts account for approximately 70% of all cystic lesions of the pancreas. One of the most dangerous complications of pancreatic pseudocysts is bleeding into the cystic lumen; the most common cause of the bleeding is a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture. This paper presents the case of a 37-year-old man treated surgically for a massive intra–abdominal haemorrhage caused by a splenic artery pseudoaneurysm rupture into the lumen of a tail of pancreas pseudocyst with its subsequent perforation into the abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space. Peripheral resection of the pancreas together with the cyst and spleen resection was performed. There were no postoperative complications.
The Effectiveness of Light Shelf in Tropical Urban Context
Authors: Binarti Floriberta , Dewi Sinta 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLight shelf was developed to create uniform indoor illuminance. However, in hot climates the unshaded clerestory above the shelf transmits high solar heat gain. In dense urban context, these advantages and disadvantages might vary regarding the context and position of the fenestration. This study employed an integrated energy simulation software to investigate the effectiveness of light shelf application in a tropical urban context in terms of building energy consumption.RadianceandEnergyPlusbased simulations performed the effects of urban canyon aspect ratio and external surface albedo on the daylighting performances, space cooling load, as well as the lighting energy consumption of the building equipped with lightshelves in 2 humid tropical cities. Comparison of the energy performances of 3 fenestration systems, i.e. fenestration without any shading device, with overhangs, and with light shelves, yielded some recommendations concerning the best application of light shelf on the certain floor levels and aspect ratio of the urban context.
The Czech Pirate Party in the 2010 and 2013 Parliamentary Elections and the 2014 European Parliament Elections: Spatial Analysis of Voter Support
Authors: Maškarinec Pavel 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The paper presents a spatial analysis of the Czech Pirate Party (Pirates) voter support in the 2010 and 2013 parliamentary elections and the 2014 European Parliament elections. The main method applied for classifying electoral results was the spatial autocorrelation and spatial regression. The result of the analysis has shown that territorial support for the Pirates copies to a great extent the areas of high support for right-wing parties and simultaneously the areas exemplified by a high development potential. In the case of spatial characteristics, little support for the Pirates was shown in Moravia and higher in the Sudetenland in terms of determinants of support. Additionally to spatial regimes, inter-regional support for the Pirates was also influenced by other non-spatial characteristics, although the strength of their influence was relatively weak. The units which embodied a successful environment for voting for the Pirates were particularly characterized by greater urbanization and a greater number of entrepreneurs, while a lack of jobs and the older age structure, i.e. the signs that in the socio-economic, or socio-ecological sense define peripheral areas, negatively impacted the gains of the Pirates. Ambiguous influence was exercised by college-educated inhabitants, who in the parliamentary elections in 2010 and 2013 decreased the gains of the Pirates, however, in the elections to the European Parliament in 2014 a direction of relationship was modified and turned positive.
Application of Business Continuity Management System into the Crisis Management Field
Authors: Malachová Hana , Oulehlová Alena 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Establishing business continuity management (BCM) creates the basis of every organization’s strategy. BCM includes complex procedures that help solving unexpected situations of natural and anthropogenic nature (e.g. fire or flood). Planning of the BCM is a process that helps organizations identify critical processes and implement plans for securing and restoring key processes. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the application of a systemic approach to BCM known as Business Continuity Management System (BCMS) into the military field. This article describes the life cycle of the BCMS, which is based on PDCA cycle. Subsequently it is applied to the activities carried out by the University of Defence during activation of forces and means in the frame of the Integrated Rescue System (IRS) in case of emergency - an accident in a nuclear power plant in the Czech Republic. Activities in various stages of deployment of allocated forces and means are managed and evaluated using the Military Continuity Management System (MCMS) application.
Genomic Regions Associated with Tolerance to Freezing Stress and Snow Mold in Winter Wheat
Authors: Kruse Erika B , Carle Scott W , Wen Nuan , Skinner Daniel Z , Murray Timothy D , Garland-Campbell Kimberly A , Carter Arron H 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Plants grown through the winter are subject to selective pressures that vary with each year’s unique conditions, necessitating tolerance of numerous abiotic and biotic stress factors. The objective of this study was to identify molecular markers in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) associated with tolerance of two of these stresses, freezing temperatures and snow mold—a fungal disease complex active under snow cover. A population of 155 F2:5 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between soft white wheat cultivars “Finch” and “Eltan” was evaluated for snow mold tolerance in the field, and for freezing tolerance under controlled conditions. A total of 663 molecular markers was used to construct a genetic linkage map and identify marker-trait associations. One quantitative trait locus (QTL) associated with both freezing and snow mold tolerance was identified on chromosome 5A. A second, distinct, QTL associated with freezing tolerance also was found on 5A, and a third on 4B. A second QTL associated with snow mold tolerance was identified on chromosome 6B. The QTL on 5A associated with both traits was closely linked with the Fr-A2 (Frost-Resistance A2) locus; its significant association with both traits may have resulted from pleiotropic effects, or from greater low temperature tolerance enabling the plants to better defend against snow mold pathogens. The QTL on 4B associated with freezing tolerance, and the QTL on 6B associated with snow mold tolerance have not been reported previously, and may be useful in the identification of sources of tolerance for these traits.
La agricultura sostenible un reto para la microbiología del suelo
Authors: Moreno Sarmiento Nubia 
Published: February 2017

Los suelos: una base solida para la vida, fue el tema de la celebración del año 2015, que la Asamblea General de la ONU, decide declarar como Año Internacional de los Suelos, al considerar que estos constituyen el fundamento del desarrollo agrícola, de las funciones esenciales de los ecosistemas y de la seguridad alimentaria. Es por lo tanto un elemento clave para el mantenimiento de la vida sobre la Tierra. Durante ese año se realizaron varias acciones que contribuyeron con la concientización de su problemática y la protección del recurso suelo. Una de ellas fue que la FAO, revisó y publicó en junio de 2015, la Carta Mundial de los Suelos (elaborada originalmente en 1982).La Carta Mundial de los Suelos Revisada, a manera de preámbulo cita:1. Los suelos son fundamentales para la vida en la Tierra, pero las presiones sobre los recursos de suelos están alcanzando límites críticos. Una gestión cuidadosa del suelo constituye un factor esencial de la agricultura sostenible y proporciona también un resorte valioso para regular el clima y un camino para salvaguardar los servicios ecosistémicos y la biodiversidad.2. En el documento final de la Conferencia de las Naciones Unidas sobre el Desarrollo Sostenible, celebrada en Río de Janeiro (Brasil) en junio de 2012, “El futuro que queremos”, se reconoce la importancia económica y social de una buena ordenación de la tierra, incluido el suelo, y en particular su contribución al crecimiento económico, la diversidad biológica, la agricultura sostenible, la seguridad alimentaria, la erradicación de la pobreza, el empoderamiento de la mujer, las medidas para hacer frente al cambio climático y el aumento de la disponibilidad de agua.
Effect of Calcium Chloride Treatments on Quality Characteristics of Blackberry Fruit During Storage
Authors: Turmanidze Tamar , Gulua Levan , Jgenti Merab , Wicker Louise 
Published: February 2017

Post-harvested blackberry fruits were immediately treated with 1% and 2% calcium chloride by immersion at 20 ± 1<sup>º</sup>C for 2.5 min and kept for 8 days at 0 ± 0,5<sup>º</sup>C and Relative Humidity (RH) 90 ± 5%. The application of calcium did not significantly effect on total titratable acidity, pH and total soluble solids. The blackberry fruits treated with 1% and 2% Calcium chloride increased their ascorbic acid content by 15.7 and 37.5% respectively. Content of cyanidin-3-O-monoglucoside decreased by 6.33, 32.06 and 11.35 mg per 100 g of fruit in case of storage of untreated, treated with 1 and 2% calcium chloride respectively. Content of pelargonidin 3 – O - monoglucoside increased respectively by 2.29, 26.87 and 8.45 mg per 100 g fruits. Change of content of cyanidin 3 – O - (6 - p – coumaroyl - glucoside) was not statistically significant. Reduction in polyphenols content of control sample by 13.6% reflected in reduction of antioxidant potential by 25%. In the samples treated with 1 and 2% calcium chloride reduction of polyphenols content by 12.4 and 7.5 % caused reduction of antioxidant potential by 15.6 and 8.7% respectively.
Fan Loops Observed by IRIS, EIS, and AIA
Authors: Ghosh Avyarthana , Tripathi Durgesh , Gupta G. R. , Polito Vanessa , Mason Helen E. , Solanki Sami K. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A comprehensive study of the physical parameters of active region fan loops is presented using the observations recorded with the Interface Region Imaging Spectrometer (IRIS), the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board Hinode, and the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). The fan loops emerging from non-flaring AR 11899 (near the disk center) on 2013 November 19 are clearly discernible in AIA 171 Å images and in those obtained in Fe viii and Si vii images using EIS. Our measurements of electron densities reveal that the footpoints of these loops are at an approximately constant pressure with electron densities of

cm−3 at

(O iv), and

cm−3 at

(Si x). The electron temperature diagnosed across the fan loops by means of EM-Loci suggest that two temperature components exist at

and 5.95 at the footpoints. These components are picked up by IRIS lines and EIS lines, respectively. At higher heights, the loops are nearly isothermal at

, which remained constant along the loop. The measurement of the Doppler shift using IRIS lines suggests that the plasma at the footpoints of these loops is predominantly redshifted by 2–3 km s−1 in C ii, 10–15 km s−1 in Si iv, and 15–20 km s−1 in O iv, reflecting the increase in the speed of downflows with increasing temperature from

to 5.15. These observations can be explained by low-frequency nanoflares or impulsive heating, and provide further important constraints on the modeling of the dynamics of fan loops.
Interplay of Electron and Proton Instabilities in Expanding Solar Wind
Authors: Yoon Peter H. , Sarfraz M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Protons and electrons observed in the solar wind possess temperature anisotropies for which upper and lower bounds appear to be partially regulated by marginal conditions associated with various kinetic plasma instabilities. Such features are most clearly seen when a collection of measurements is plotted as a two-dimensional histogram in

phase space. While the partial outer boundaries of such data distribution may well be explained by various instability threshold conditions, an outstanding issue is that the majority of data points are actually located sufficiently away from the boundaries and reside in near isotropic conditions. This implies that certain processes are operative that counteract the adiabatic effect in the radially expanding solar wind, without which solar wind plasma will inexorably be forced to proceed toward the marginal firehose condition. A number of physical processes have been proposed in the literature to explain such a feature. The present paper suggests yet another mechanism. It considers dynamic electrons and protons in the quasilinear evolution of anisotropy-driven instabilities, which is in contrast to previous studies where either protons or electrons are assumed to be stationary when considering the dynamics of the other particle species. It is shown that the dynamical interplay between the two species during the quasilinear development of parallel electron firehose and proton–cyclotron instabilities leads to a counter-balancing effect, which prevents the uniform progression of the solar wind protons toward the marginal firehose state.
The Grism Lens-amplified Survey from Space (Glass). IX. The Dual Origin of Low-mass Cluster Galaxies as Revealed by New Structural Analyses
Authors: Morishita Takahiro , Abramson Louis E. , Treu Tommaso , Vulcani Benedetta , Schmidt Kasper B. , Dressler Alan , Poggianti Bianca M. , Malkan Matthew A. , Wang Xin , Huang Kuang-Han , Trenti Michele , Bradač Maruša , Hoag Austin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Using deep Hubble Frontier Fields imaging and slitless spectroscopy from the Grism Survey from Space, we study 2200 cluster and 1748 field galaxies at

to determine the impact of environment on galaxy size and structure at stellar masses

, an unprecedented limit at these redshifts. Based on simple assumptions—

—we find no significant differences in half-light radii (r

e
) between equal-mass cluster or field systems. More complex analyses—

—reveal local density (Σ) to induce only a 7% ± 3% (95% confidence) reduction in r

e
beyond what can be accounted for by U − V color, Sérsic index (n), and redshift (z) effects. Almost any size difference between galaxies in high- and low-density regions is thus attributable to their different distributions in properties other than environment. Indeed, we find a clear color–r

e
correlation in low-mass passive cluster galaxies (

) such that bluer systems have larger radii, with the bluest having sizes consistent with equal-mass star-forming galaxies. We take this as evidence that large-r

e
low-mass passive cluster galaxies are recently acquired systems that have been environmentally quenched without significant structural transformation (e.g., by ram pressure stripping or starvation). Conversely, ∼20% of small-r

e
low-mass passive cluster galaxies appear to have been in place since

. Given the consistency of the small-r

e
galaxies’ stellar surface densities (and even colors) with those of systems more than ten times as massive, our findings suggest that clusters mark places where galaxy evolution is accelerated for an ancient base population spanning most masses, with late-time additions quenched by environment-specific mechanisms mainly restricted to the lowest masses.
Fading AGN Candidates: AGN Histories and Outflow Signatures∗
Authors: Keel William C. , Lintott Chris J. , Maksym W. Peter , Bennert Vardha N. , Chojnowski S. Drew , Moiseev Alexei , Smirnova Aleksandrina , Schawinski Kevin , Sartori Lia F. , Urry C. Megan , Pancoast Anna , Schirmer Mischa , Scott Bryan , Showley Charles , Flatland Kelsi 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We consider the energy budgets and radiative history of eight fading active galactic nuclei (AGNs), identified from an energy shortfall between the requirements to ionize very extended (radius > 10 kpc) ionized clouds and the luminosity of the nucleus as we view it directly. All show evidence of significant fading on timescales of ≈50,000 yr. We explore the use of minimum ionizing luminosity Q
ion derived from photoionization balance in the brightest pixels in Hα at each projected radius. Tests using presumably constant Palomar–Green QSOs, and one of our targets with detailed photoionization modeling, suggest that we can derive useful histories of individual AGNs, with the caveat that the minimum ionizing luminosity is always an underestimate and subject to uncertainties about fine structure in the ionized material. These consistency tests suggest that the degree of underestimation from the upper envelope of reconstructed Q
ion values is roughly constant for a given object and therefore does not prevent such derivation. The AGNs in our sample show a range of behaviors, with rapid drops and standstills; the common feature is a rapid drop in the last ≈2 × 104 yr before the direct view of the nucleus. The e-folding timescales for ionizing luminosity are mostly in the thousands of years, with a few episodes as short as 400 yr. In the limit of largely obscured AGNs, we find additional evidence for fading from the shortfall between even the lower limits from recombination balance and the maximum luminosities derived from far-infrared fluxes. We compare these long-term light curves, and the occurrence of these fading objects among all optically identified AGNs, to simulations of AGN accretion; the strongest variations over these timespans are seen in models with strong and local (parsec-scale) feedback. We present Gemini integral-field optical spectroscopy, which shows a very limited role for outflows in these ionized structures. While rings and loops of emission, morphologically suggestive of outflow, are common, their kinematic structure shows some to be in regular rotation. UGC 7342 exhibits local signatures of outflows <300 km s−1, largely associated with very diffuse emission, and possibly entraining gas in one of the clouds seen in Hubble Space Telescope images. Only in the Teacup AGN do we see outflow signatures of the order of 1000 km s−1. In contrast to the extended emission regions around many radio-loud AGNs, the clouds around these fading AGNs consist largely of tidal debris being externally illuminated but not displaced by AGN outflows.
Dust-deficient Palomar-Green Quasars and the Diversity of AGN Intrinsic IR Emission
Authors: Lyu Jianwei , Rieke G. H. , Shi Yong 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
To elucidate the intrinsic broadband infrared (IR) emission properties of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we analyze the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of 87 z ≲ 0.5 Palomar-Green (PG) quasars. While the Elvis AGN template with a moderate far-IR correction can reasonably match the SEDs of the AGN components in ∼60% of the sample (and is superior to alternatives such as that by Assef), it fails on two quasar populations: (1) hot-dust-deficient (HDD) quasars that show very weak emission thoroughly from the near-IR to the far-IR, and (2) warm-dust-deficient (WDD) quasars that have similar hot dust emission as normal quasars but are relatively faint in the mid- and far-IR. After building composite AGN templates for these dust-deficient quasars, we successfully fit the 0.3–500 μm SEDs of the PG sample with the appropriate AGN template, an infrared template of a star-forming galaxy, and a host galaxy stellar template. 20 HDD and 12 WDD quasars are identified from the SED decomposition, including seven ambiguous cases. Compared with normal quasars, the HDD quasars have AGNs with relatively low Eddington ratios and the fraction of WDD quasars increases with AGN luminosity. Moreover, both the HDD and WDD quasar populations show relatively stronger mid-IR silicate emission. Virtually identical SED properties are also found in some quasars from z = 0.5 to 6. We propose a conceptual model to demonstrate that the observed dust deficiency of quasars can result from a change of structures of the circumnuclear tori that can occur at any cosmic epoch.
Large-scale Cosmic-Ray Anisotropy as a Probe of Interstellar Turbulence
Authors: Giacinti Gwenael , Kirk John G. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We calculate the large-scale cosmic-ray (CR) anisotropies predicted for a range of Goldreich–Sridhar (GS) and isotropic models of interstellar turbulence, and compare them with IceTop data. In general, the predicted CR anisotropy is not a pure dipole; the cold spots reported at 400 TeV and 2 PeV are consistent with a GS model that contains a smooth deficit of parallel-propagating waves and a broad resonance function, though some other possibilities cannot, as yet, be ruled out. In particular, isotropic fast magnetosonic wave turbulence can match the observations at high energy, but cannot accommodate an energy dependence in the shape of the CR anisotropy. Our findings suggest that improved data on the large-scale CR anisotropy could provide a valuable probe of the properties—notably the power-spectrum—of the interstellar turbulence within a few tens of parsecs from Earth.
The Lifetimes of Phases in High-mass Star-forming Regions
Authors: Battersby Cara , Bally John , Svoboda Brian 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
High-mass stars form within star clusters from dense, molecular regions (DMRs), but is the process of cluster formation slow and hydrostatic or quick and dynamic? We link the physical properties of high-mass star-forming regions with their evolutionary stage in a systematic way, using Herschel and Spitzer data. In order to produce a robust estimate of the relative lifetimes of these regions, we compare the fraction of DMRs above a column density associated with high-mass star formation, N(H2) > 0.4–2.5 × 1022 cm−2, in the “starless” (no signature of stars ≳10

forming) and star-forming phases in a 2° × 2° region of the Galactic Plane centered at ℓ = 30°. Of regions capable of forming high-mass stars on ∼1 pc scales, the starless (or embedded beyond detection) phase occupies about 60%–70% of the DMR lifetime, and the star-forming phase occupies about 30%–40%. These relative lifetimes are robust over a wide range of thresholds. We outline a method by which relative lifetimes can be anchored to absolute lifetimes from large-scale surveys of methanol masers and UCHII regions. A simplistic application of this method estimates the absolute lifetime of the starless phase to be 0.2–1.7 Myr (about 0.6–4.1 fiducial cloud free-fall times) and the star-forming phase to be 0.1–0.7 Myr (about 0.4–2.4 free-fall times), but these are highly uncertain. This work uniquely investigates the star-forming nature of high column density gas pixel by pixel, and our results demonstrate that the majority of high column density gas is in a starless or embedded phase.