bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practice nurses mental health provide space to patients to discuss unpleasant emotions
Authors: Griep E. C. M. , Noordman J. , van Dulmen S. 
Published: December 2015

Accessible summaryWhat is known on the subject?

A core skill of practice nurses' mental health is to recognize and explore patients' unpleasant emotions.

Patients rarely express their unpleasant emotions directly and spontaneously, but instead give indirect signs that something is worrying them.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

Patients with mild psychosocial and psychological problems provide signs of worrying or express a clear unpleasant emotion in 94% of consultations with a practice nurse mental health.

Nurses' responses to patients' signs of worrying or clear unpleasant emotions were mostly characterized by providing space for patients to talk about these emotions, by using minimal responses.

What are the implications for practice?

Practice nurses' mental health have passive listening skills, and to a lesser extent, use active listening techniques.

Accurate emotion detection and the ability to pick out emotional signs during consultations must also be considered as an important skill for health providers to improve patient‐centred communication.

AbstractAimPatients with physical problems are known to express their emotional concerns in an implicit way only. Whether the same counts for patients presenting mental health problems in primary care is unknown. This study aims to examine how patients with mild psychosocial and psychological complaints express their concerns during consultations with the practice nurse mental health and how practice nurses respond to these expressions.MethodFifteen practice nurses mental health working in Dutch general practices participated in the study. Their consultations with 116 patients with mild psychosocial or psychological complaints were video recorded. patients' explicitly expressed emotional concerns and more implicit expressions of underlying emotional problems (cues) as well as nurses' responses to these expressions were rated using the Verona Coding Definition of Emotional Sequences.ResultsAlmost all consultations contained at least one cue or concern (94%). Nurses' responses were mostly characterized by providing space for patients to talk about their cue or concern in a non‐explicit way (62%), by using minimal responses (42%).DiscussionPractice nurses mental health have passive listening skills, and to a lesser extent, use active listening techniques. However, there are no strict rules which way of responding is the best and patients value responses differently.
Echinocandin to fluconazole step‐down therapy in critically ill patients with invasive, susceptible Candida albicans infections
Authors: van der Geest Patrick J. , Rijnders Bart J. A. , Vonk Alieke G. , Groeneveld A. B. Johan 
Published: December 2015

SummaryInvasive Candida spp. infections are increasingly diagnosed in critically ill patients. For initial treatment, an echinocandin is recommended with a possible step‐down to fluconazole when the patients’ condition is improving and the isolate appears susceptible, but there are no data to support such policy. We studied the safety and efficacy of step‐down therapy in critically ill patients with culture proven deep seated or bloodstream infections by C. albicans susceptible to fluconazole. All patients admitted into the intensive care unit from January 2010 to December 2014, who had a culture proven invasive C. albicans infection and received initial treatment with an echinocandin for at least 4 days were included. Data on patient characteristics, treatment and vital outcomes were assessed. Of the 56 patients, 32 received step‐down fluconazole therapy, at median day 5, whereas the echinocandin was continued in the other 24. No differences where seen in baseline characteristics or risk factors for invasive C. albicans infection between the two groups. Response rates were similar and no difference where seen in 28‐day or 90‐day mortality between the groups. Step‐down therapy to fluconazole may be safe and effective in critically ill patients with invasive infections by C. albicans, susceptible to fluconazole, who have clinically improved as early as 4 days after start of treatment with an echinocandin.
Enhancing adherence to infection control in Swedish community care: Factors of importance
Authors: Lindh Marianne , Holmström Inger K. , Perseius Kent‐Inge , Windahl Jenny 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHealthcare‐associated infections are the most frequent adverse event in healthcare delivery worldwide. The theory of planned behavior has proven helpful in hospital hygiene interventions and might be useful in community care. This study explored how medically‐responsible nurses in Swedish community care perceived and ranked the impact of factors related to the theory of planned behavior, the factors“ probability to change, enhancing the healthcare staff's adherence to infection control guidelines, and identified which theory of planned behavior subquestions should be focused on to enhance adherence to infection control. Medically‐responsible nurses (n = 268) in Swedish communities answered a Web‐based questionnaire regarding impact and probability to change theory of planned behavior factors in relation to infection control. Four theory of planned behavior factor constructs were found: (i) knowledge and encouragement from management; (ii) access and availability to materials and equipment, and interest among staff; (iii) influence by colleagues; and (iv) workload, and influence by patients and significant others. The theory of planned behavior factors are relevant for infection control in a home‐like environment, and findings could be used as a basis for interventions enhancing hygiene in community care.
Oral chronic GVHD outcomes and resource utilization: a subanalysis from the chronic GVHD consortium
Authors: Yuan A , Chai X , Martins F , Arai S , Arora M , Correa ME , Pidala J , Cutler CS , Lee SJ , Treister NS 
Published: December 2015

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the extent to which oral chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD) consensus assessments are predictive of management across institutions with and without oral medicine (OM) centers, and whether ancillary care guidelines are followed within clinical practice.MethodsLongitudinal oral cGVHD data were abstracted from the cGVHD Consortium, and additional mouth‐specific management data were analyzed across five transplant centers.ResultsSeventy‐nine patients with 656 visits were observed for a median of 7.1 months with one visit per follow‐up month. Ancillary therapies for oral cGVHD were prescribed for 67% of patients for a median of 0.46 months (per follow‐up month) at OM centers and 0.78 months at non‐OM centers. Patients treated with ancillary therapy were more likely to have an National Institutes of Health (NIH) mouth score of ≥1 (P < 0.001, odds ratio: 5.1) and mouth pain (P = 0.01, odds ratio: 2.6). The odds ratios of receiving ancillary therapy from OM experts were higher than transplant physicians (53%; P = 0.03).ConclusionsOral cGVHD consensus assessments corresponding with ancillary therapy use were mouth pain and NIH mouth score, with higher odds ratios of receiving therapy from OM experts. Ancillary care guidelines for oral cGVHD are reflected in academic clinical practice with respect to utilization of recommended prescriptions.
Synthesis, Characterization and Photocatalytic Activity of Ag+‐ and Sn2+‐Doped KTi0.5Te1.5O6
Authors: Guje Ravinder , Gundeboina Ravi , Reddy Jitta Raju , Veldurthi Naveen Kumar , Kurra Sreenu , Vithal Muga 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this study, the photocatalytic dye degradation efficiency of KTi0.5Te1.5O6 synthesized through solid‐state method was enhanced by cation (Ag+/Sn+2) doping at potassium site via ion exchange method. As prepared materials were characterized by XRD, SEM‐EDS, IR, TGA and UV–Vis Diffuse reflectance spectroscopic (DRS) techniques. All the compounds were crystallized in cubic lattice with space group. The bandgap energies of parent, Ag+‐ and Sn+2‐doped KTi0.5Te1.5O6 materials obtained from DRS profiles were found to be 2.96, 2.55 and 2.40 eV, respectively. Photocatalytic efficiency of parent, Ag+‐ and Sn+2‐doped materials was evaluated against the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet (MV) dyes under visible light irradiation. The Sn+2‐doped KTi0.5Te1.5O6 showed higher activity toward the degradation of both MB and MV dyes and its higher activity is ascribed to the lower bandgap energy compared to the parent and Ag+‐doped KTi0.5Te1.5O6. The mechanistic degradation pathway of methylene blue (MB) was studied in the presence of Sn2+‐doped KTi0.5Te1.5O6. Quenching experiments were performed to know the participation of holes, super oxide and hydroxyl radicals in the dye degradation process. The stability and reusability of the catalysts were studied.
Simple sequence repeat markers support the presence of a single genotype of Puccinia psidii in Australia
Authors: Sandhu K. S. , Karaoglu H. , Zhang P. , Park R. F. 
Published: December 2015

A non‐native rust of Myrtaceae was first detected in Australia in 2010, and was later identified as Puccinia psidii. The presence of many native species of Myrtaceae and a lack of understanding of genetic variability in P. psidii in Australia led to the current study. Low coverage genome sequencing of P. psidii suggested a genome size of c. 142 Mb. A set of 240 simple sequence repeat (SSR) primers was designed based on the genome sequence information generated. Seventeen isolates of P. psidii comprising 14 from Australia, two from Brazil and one from Hawaii were selected to study genetic variation in the pathogen. Out of 240 initially screened markers, 74% showed amplification among P. psidii isolates and 38% were polymorphic. Primers were fluorescently labelled and genotyping revealed three distinct genotypes among the isolates: one comprising Australian isolates and an isolate from Hawaii, and the second and third comprising two Brazilian isolates. Locus USYD_Pp151 produced a fourth genotype for the Hawaiian isolate of P. psidii. Markers revealed that all Australian isolates were genetically similar to the one from Hawaii. There was no genetic variation among the Australian isolates of P. psidii, supporting the hypothesis that only one genotype of P. psidii was introduced into Australia. The SSR markers developed in this study are highly specific to P. psidii and can be used confidently as a new profiling tool to monitor evolution of P. psidii in Australia and elsewhere.
Subject‐Relative Reasons for Love
Authors: Naar Hichem 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCan love be an appropriate response to a person? In this paper, I argue that it can. First, I discuss the reasons why we might think this question should be answered in the negative. This will help us clarify the question itself. Then I argue that, even though extant accounts of reasons for love are inadequate, there remains the suspicion that there must be something about people which make our love for them appropriate. Being lovable, I contend, is what makes our love for them appropriate, just as being fearsome is what makes our fear of certain situations appropriate. I finally propose a general account of this property which avoids the major problems facing the extant accounts of reasons for love.
Healthcare professionals’ descriptions of care experiences and actions when assessing postoperative pain – a critical incident technique analysis
Authors: Wikström Lotta , Eriksson Kerstin , Fridlund Bengt , Årestedt Kristofer , Broström Anders 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundPain is a common postoperative symptom, and length of hospital stay after surgery is short which highlights the importance of pain assessments. Experiences of assessing pain are mainly described from the perspective of nurses. In postoperative care, enrolled nurses and physicians also assess pain. It is therefore important to take note of their experiences to improve postoperative pain assessments.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was, through considering critical incidents, to describe care experiences and actions taken by healthcare professionals when assessing postoperative pain.MethodsAn explorative design employing critical incidents technique analysis was used. A total of 24 strategically selected enrolled nurses, nurses and physicians employed at orthopaedic or general surgery wards in four Swedish hospitals were interviewed. The intention was to reach variation in age, sex, profession and professional experience.FindingsIn pain assessments, patient‐related facilitators were patients’ verbal and emotional expressions including pain ratings, while lack of consistency with observed behaviours was a barrier. Clinical competence, continuity in care and time were healthcare‐related facilitators. The actions healthcare professionals took were gathering facts about patients’ pain manifestations and adapting to patients’ communication abilities. Patient observations, either passive or active were used to confirm or detect pain. Collaboration between healthcare professionals, including consultations with pain experts, social workers and relatives, strengthened understanding of pain.ConclusionsCommunication skills and working conditions have an impact on performance of pain assessment. Patient comfort without compromising safety is reached by including healthcare professionals’ dissimilar responsibilities when collecting patients’ and relatives’ perspectives on current pain.
Everyday Inclusions: Rethinking Ethnocracy, Kafala, and Belonging in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Vora Neha , Koch Natalie 
Published: December 2015

AbstractScholarship on Gulf Cooperative Council (GCC) states, which have the highest proportions of migrants in the world, usually explores how they are unique in their patterns of non‐citizen exclusion. However, state discourses, geographies, and the heterogeneity of migration to the Gulf share similar traits with contemporary nations and states. Non‐citizens are, as they are everywhere, active participants in Gulf state‐ and nation‐building projects. Aiming to advance scholarship on belonging in the GCC states, in this paper, we propose a shift in focus from exclusion to inclusion in the way research questions are asked about Gulf societies and the people who reside in them. Doing so, we suggest, requires unpacking two hegemonic concepts in the regional studies scholarship: ‘ethnocracy’ and kafala. In their current usage, both terms have become ‘black boxed’, or reified, such that scholars have largely come to accept and reproduce the exceptionalism of the Gulf and refrain from asking a number of critical questions about the region, which might highlight the GCC states' fundamental normalcy. Through a reflexive approach that draws from our own previous and current research in the United Arab Emirates and Qatar, we suggest ways that we might move beyond the rigidity of exclusion‐centred narratives about the Gulf and instead consider the various ways that Gulf nationalisms themselves hail the non‐citizen presence, and how non‐citizens participate in discourses and practices of nationalism as well as statecraft in ways that cannot be reduced to nationality, class, race, or religion.
Authentic, Original, and Valuable: Stabilizing the Genetic Identity in Non‐human and Human Populations in Finland
Authors: Tupasela Aaro , Tamminen Sakari 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe idea of genetic authenticity and origin has been an important issue within genetics for decades for scientific, political, and economic reasons. The question of where species and populations come from, as well as the linking of genetic traits to particular geographical locations, has resurfaced as both a scientific and political site of interest more recently through the study of population genetics in both humans and non‐humans. This article explores the ways in which genetics and notions of ‘authentic’, ‘indigenous’, and ‘endemic’ have become intertwined with everyday practices in research. Using the case of human and non‐human genetics to compare and contrast the various facets associated with genetic identity, we seek to develop a broader picture of the ways in which genetics plays an important role in stabilizing categories of origin.
Increased B Regulatory Phenotype in Non‐Metastatic Lymph Nodes of Node‐Positive Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Mehdipour F. , Razmkhah M. , Hosseini A. , Bagheri M. , Safaei A. , Talei A.‐R. , Ghaderi A. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTumour‐draining lymph nodes (TDLNs) are centre in orchestrating the immune responses against cancer. The cellularity and lymphocyte subpopulations change in the process of cancer progression and lymph node involvement. B lymphocyte subsets and their function in breast cancer‐draining lymph nodes have not been well elucidated. Here, we studied the influence of tumour metastasis on the frequencies of different B cell subsets including naïve and memory B cells as well as those which are known to be enriched in the regulatory pool in TDLNs of 30 patients with breast cancer. Lymphocytes were obtained from a fresh piece of each lymph node and stained for CD19 and other B cell‐associated markers and subjected to flow cytometry. Our investigation revealed that metastatic TDLN showed a significant decrease in active, memory and class‐switched B cells while the frequencies of B cells with regulatory phenotypes were not changed. However, CD27hiCD25+ and CD1dhiCD5+ B regulatory subsets significantly increased in non‐metastatic lymph nodes (nMLNs) of node‐positive patients compared with node‐negative patients. Our data provided evidence that in breast cancer, metastasis of tumour to axillary lymph nodes altered B cell populations in favour of resting, inactive and unswitched phenotypes. We assume that the lymphatic involvement may cause an increase in a subset of regulatory B cells in non‐metastatic lymph nodes.
Barriers and Enablers to Safeguarding Children and Adults within a Disability Services Context: Insights from an Australian Delphi Study
Authors: Ottmann Goetz , McVilly Keith , Anderson Julie , Chapman Jessica , Karlyawasam Imalka , Roy Alana , Satari Nahila , Stefano Adam 
Published: December 2015

AbstractResearch conducted in the 1990s revealed the tragic irony that exposure to the disability support system, and particularly to its institutional forms, was a major risk factor related to the neglect and abuse of children and adults with a disability. Subsequently, a range of policies have been introduced to minimize risk. However, recurring events of abuse and neglect in the disability services sector in high and middle income countries demonstrate that processes geared to safeguard children and adults with a disability from abuse and neglect remain insufficient. To establish the wider fabric of organizational factors that contribute to effective safeguarding practices within the Australian disability support sector, a modified online Delphi study was conducted, capturing the views of disability services staff and managers (n = 249) regarding barriers and enablers to effective safeguarding. This study identified issues concerning organizational culture, management practice, workforce development, client capacity building and contextual factors. During Round Two of the Delphi, participants were asked to rate the categorized enabler statements according to importance on a 10‐point Likert scale, to ascertain the degree of consensus. A total of 262 of the statements were regarded as important or very important. The Delphi result highlighted the considerable gap between the wider systemic and cultural processes that, in the eyes of disability services staff and management, contribute to good safeguarding practice and the safeguarding measures currently in place. The article calls for a holistic approach to safeguarding that addresses procedural issues and to the transformation of the wider systemic and cultural fabric of an organization.
Detection of 549 new HLA alleles in potential stem cell donors from the United States, Poland and Germany
Authors: Hernández‐Frederick C. J. , Cereb N. , Giani A. S. , Ruppel J. , Maraszek A. , Pingel J. , Sauter J. , Schmidt A. H. , Yang S. Y. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe characterized 549 new human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II alleles found in newly registered stem cell donors as a result of high‐throughput HLA typing. New alleles include 101 HLA‐A, 132 HLA‐B, 105 HLA‐C, 2 HLA‐DRB1, 89 HLA‐DQB1 and 120 HLA‐DPB1 alleles. Mainly, new alleles comprised single nucleotide variations when compared with homologous sequences. We identified nonsynonymous nucleotide mutations in 70.7% of all new alleles, synonymous variations in 26.4% and nonsense substitutions in 2.9% (null alleles). Some new alleles (55, 10.0%) were found multiple times, HLA‐DPB1 alleles being the most frequent among these. Furthermore, as several new alleles were identified in individuals from ethnic minority groups, the relevance of recruiting donors belonging to such groups and the importance of ethnicity data collection in donor centers and registries is highlighted.
Innate lymphoid cells and the MHC
Authors: Robinette M. L. , Colonna M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a new class of immune cells that include natural killer (NK) cells and appear to be the innate counterparts to CD4+ helper T cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells based on developmental and functional similarities. Like T cells, both NK cells and other ILCs also show connections to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In human and mouse, NK cells recognize and respond to classical and nonclassical MHC I molecules as well as structural homologues, whereas mouse ILCs have recently been shown to express MHC II. We describe the history of MHC I recognition by NK cells and discuss emerging roles for MHC II expression by ILC subsets, making comparisons between both mouse and human when possible.
Description of the novel HLA‐DQB1*02:02:01:02 allele in a Spanish individual
Authors: Montero‐Martín G. , Cervera I. , Teniente‐Serra A. , Fonolleda M. , Martinez‐Laso J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHLA‐DQB1*02:02:01:02 has an intron sequences coming from a combination of DQB1*02:01:01 and DQB1*02:02:01:01.