bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commercial lignosulfonates from different sulfite processes as partial phenol replacement in PF resole resins
Authors: Ghorbani Masoumeh , Konnerth Johannes , van Herwijnen Hendrikus W. G. , Zinovyev Grigory , Budjav Enkhjargal , Requejo Silva Ana , Liebner Falk 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTFour commercial spruce lignosulfonates representing the most common acidic, neutral, and alkaline sulfite pulping processes and varying significantly in molecular weight characteristics were tested as partial (40 wt %) phenol substitute materials for the manufacture of lignosulfonate‐phenol‐formaldehyde (LPF) resole resins. Similar as recently reported for technical lignins from nonsulfite pulping processes (kraft, soda, organosolv), all lignosulfonates of this study effectuated a faster viscosity gain during resole cooking compared to the lignin‐free reference resin (1000 mPa s after 120 min vs. 250 min to reach 1000 mPa s). Sodium lignosulfonate featuring the lowest weight average molecular weight (Mw 5780 g mol−1) and dispersity (Ð 6.1) turned out to be superior to the other lignosulfonates with regard to curing rate (B‐time; 3:37 min vs. 6:41–9:08 min) and tensile shear strength development under hot pressing (120 °C; TS,max = 5.64 N mm−2 after 8 min) for beech veneer strips glued together with the respective LPF resins. Calcium and magnesium lignosulfonates are less suited with regard to phenol replacement due to the poor performance of the respective LPF adhesives in terms of tensile shear strength (TS,max = 3.29–3.49 N mm−2 after 12 min) most likely caused by considerable amounts of side products formed in the course of formose‐type reactions. Phenolation of the two promising lignosulfonates, that is, sodium and ammonium lignosulfonate, did neither considerably increase the rate of PF network formation during resin cooking and curing nor improve tensile strength development during hot pressing. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45893.
Combined effect of a plasticizer and carvacrol and thymol on the mechanical, thermal, morphological properties of poly(lactic acid)
Authors: Celebi Hande , Gunes Elif 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this study, the effects of the monotherpenic phenol concentration on the properties of biocomposites containing plasticized poly(lactic acid) (PLA) with acetyl tributyl citrate (ATBC) were investigated. The monotherpenic phenols carvacrol (C) and thymol (T) were added to PLA by a melt‐blending method. The prepared samples were characterized by means of tensile testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and antibacterial activity tests. The addition of ATBC to PLA resulted in hydrogen bonding between ATBC and PLA. We observed that ATBC, C, and T reduced the glass‐transition temperature of PLA. The presence of C and T decreased the maximum degradation temperature slightly. Because of the plasticization effect of the additives, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of PLA decreased, whereas the extent of elongation they experienced before failure increased. This effect was also observed with SEM analysis in terms of plastic deformation at break. The antibacterial activity tests showed that samples containing high concentrations of C demonstrated an improved antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. We observed that C exhibited a higher inhibition against bacterial strains than T. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45895.
Hemoglobin Providence (β82 Lys > Asn, Asp) and lower‐than‐expected HbA1c in a nonadherent teenager with type 1 diabetes: a case report and literature review
Authors: Newman Charles N. , Litwin Christine M. , Bowlby Deborah A. , Lewis Katherine A. , Paulo Remberto C. 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageEndocrinologists should have a high index of suspicion for a Hb variant when the HbA1c is not consistent with other indices of glycemic control.
Conservative treatment of a young adult patient with a moderate skeletal Class III malocclusion by applying the temporary anchorage devices and the surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion
Authors: Liu Panpan , Chen Hui , Shi Xiaoxin , Guo Jing 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageWe present the orthodontic treatment of a 20‐year‐old Chinese man with the moderate skeletal Class III malocclusion. The usages of the temporary anchorage devices and the surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion (SARPE) have provided a variety of options for the treatment of Class III malocclusion.
A rare and important case of Staphylococcus haemolyticus‐associated ventricular atrial shunt nephritis
Authors: Suen Kyle , Mashhadian Ardavan , Figarsky Ian , Payumo Jeff , Liu Antonio 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageShunt nephritis is a rare and relatively new diagnosis involving glomerular kidney damage following ventriculoperitoneal and ventriculoatrial shunt placement. Our case report summarizes the presentation, diagnostic workup, and management of a patient with shunt nephritis. We also review and discuss the current literature on the topic.
Coexistence of true talon cusp and double dens invaginatus in a single tooth: a rare case report and review of the literature
Authors: Nu Nu Lwin Hnin , Phyo Kyaw Pyae , Wai Yan Myint Thu Sai 
Published: October 2017

Key Clinical MessageCo‐occurrence of a talon cusp and double dens invaginatus is an extremely rare developmental dental anomaly. This case report represents a talon cusp with two dens invaginatus on a maxillary right lateral incisor. Early identification is needed for prevention of potential problems on the affected or opposing tooth.
Tetrabutylammonium Salts: Cheap Catalysts for the Facile and Selective Synthesis of α‐Alkylidene Cyclic Carbonates from Carbon Dioxide and Alkynols
Authors: Méreau Raphaël , Grignard Bruno , Boyaval Amélie , Detrembleur Christophe , Jerome Christine , Tassaing Thierry 
Published: October 2017

Abstractn‐Tetrabutylammonium organic salts were used for the first time as catalysts for the coupling of CO2 with 2‐methyl‐3‐butyn‐2‐ol to form an α‐methylene cyclic carbonate. Final yields up to 98 % were reached in less than 10 h at 353 K and 3 MPa under solvent‐free conditions. A particular synergistic effect between the cation and the anion of the organocatalyst was demonstrated through catalyst screening. Online kinetic studies by Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) IR spectroscopy correlated to DFT calculations revealed compelling evolution of solvation of the catalyst during the reaction that provided insight into the underlying reason for the observed unique kinetics and selectivity. Such in‐depth fundamental mechanistic and kinetic studies enabled determination and comprehension of the key parameters favoring the design of novel, highly active and selective catalysts for valorization of CO2 as a chemical feedstock.
Ethylene Selectivity in CO Electroreduction when using Cu Oxides: An In Situ ATR‐SEIRAS Study
Authors: Lee Seunghwa , Lee Jaeyoung 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAmong all of the known catalysts for CO2 electroreduction, copper oxide materials have the most extraordinary activity and selectivity to multi‐carbon compounds such as ethylene. However, the exact nature of the active surface is not fully understood and, thus, there have been different points of view on the origin of the remarkable catalytic properties. By using in situ attenuated total reflectance surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR‐SEIRAS), we show that carbon monoxide (CO) binds more strongly on the surface of copper oxides than on pure metallic copper and, consequently, the prolonged population of CO, a key intermediate of CO2 reduction, is observed. The high CO coverage could be a key factor that can explain the propensity of CO2 and CO electroreduction to ethylene in general but there have been a number of controversial factors in the research field of CO2 reduction. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that presents direct evidence for the hypothesis relating stronger CO binding and higher CO coverage to enhanced ethylene selectivity on the copper oxide catalyst relative to metallic copper based on in situ real‐time observations. This ATR‐SEIRAS application provides general phenomenological insights into the ethylene selectivity in CO electroreduction when using a copper‐based system.
Water‐Soluble Green Binder for Li4Ti5O12 Anodes: Effect of Binder Choice on Lithium Storage
Authors: Karuppiah Saravanan , Franger Sylvain , Nallathamby Kalaiselvi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study mainly focuses on the effect of newly identified water‐soluble green binder, LA132, on the lithium storage properties of the Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) anode in comparison with that of conventionally used non‐aqueous PVdF binder. Herein, the electrochemical behavior of the LTO anode is significantly improved with the LA132 binder to the extent that better cyclability (100 cycles), appreciable rate capability (20 C), and enhanced cycle life behavior (200 cycles) at 1 C have been demonstrated. Such an excellent electrochemical performance of LTO/LA132 assembly over that of LTO/PVdF could be correlated with the enhanced lithium‐ion transport kinetics (3.0×10−12 cm2 s−1), resulting from the narrow and uniform coverage of LA132 binder on the surface of LTO particles as well as on the conductive carbon, as evidenced by XPS and SEM analyses, thus demonstrating the possibilities of realizing high lithium‐ion mobility and absence of electrode fracture, especially upon extended cycles. In addition, EIS and contact angle measurements clearly evidence that the LTO anode with LA132 binder shows a lower charge‐transfer resistance (50.23 Ω), lower apparent activation energy (27.5 KJ mol−1), good wettability with the electrolyte, and lower apparent diffusion activation energy (41.5 KJ mol−1) compared with that of LTO and PVdF binder. We believe that the newly investigated water‐based LA132 binder for LTO anodes paves the way to the demonstration of low‐cost and green lithium‐ion technology.
Hybrids from the π−π Stacking of Graphene Oxide and Aromatic Sulfonic Compounds for Improved Proton Conductivity
Authors: Shudo Yuta , Karim Mohammad Razaul , Ohtani Ryo , Nakamura Masaaki , Hayami Shinya 
Published: October 2017

Abstractπ‐π stacking between GO and benzene sulfonic acid (BS), naphthalene sulfonic acid (NS), pyrene sulfonic acid (PS), and naphthalene disulfonic acid (ND) results in the formation of respective GO‐BS, GO‐NS, GO‐PS and GO‐ND hybrid materials. The proton conductivities of these materials follow the trend as GO‐NS>GO‐BS>GO‐PS>GO>GO‐ND. GO‐NS, possessing the highest interlayer distance, exhibits the optimum proton conductivity. Evidently, GO‐sulfonic acid hybrids reveal excellent superionic conductivity.
Unveiling the Role of Macrodipolar Interactions in the Properties of Self‐Assembled Supramolecular Materials
Authors: Pereira Oliveira Marina , Schmidt Hans‐Werner , Queiroz Albuquerque Rodrigo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSelf‐assembling of supramolecules composed of benzene and cyclohexane tricarboxamide derivatives can form highly organized 1 D fibers exhibiting macrodipoles. The way fibers pack in the condensed phase governs the final properties of the supramolecular material, in which macrodipoles can be oriented parallel or antiparallel to each other, and their magnitude can be tuned by additional intra‐columnar dipole stabilization. X‐ray structural elucidation of these materials remains a real challenge due to the difficulty in growing single crystals. This problem can be tackled by using atomistic molecular dynamics to simulate supramolecular materials composed of cyclohexanetricarboxamide derivatives assuming different magnitudes and orientations of macrodipoles in the condensed phase, as we show here. The results provide insight on the isotropization mechanism of the supramolecules and also reveal that the relative orientation between macrodipoles can indeed influence their stability. This work nicely complements X‐ray structural characterizations of supramolecular materials, and helps understand structure–property relationships of a range of similar noncovalent materials.
Fatty Acid Chain Shortening by a Fungal Peroxygenase
Authors: Olmedo Andrés , Río José C. del , Kiebist Jan , Ullrich René , Hofrichter Martin , Scheibner Katrin , Martínez Angel T. , Gutiérrez Ana 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA recently discovered peroxygenase from the fungus Marasmius rotula (MroUPO) is able to catalyze the progressive one‐carbon shortening of medium and long‐chain mono‐ and dicarboxylic acids by itself alone, in the presence of H2O2. The mechanism, analyzed using H218O2, starts with an α‐oxidation catalyzed by MroUPO generating an α‐hydroxy acid, which is further oxidized by the enzyme to a reactive α‐keto intermediate whose decarboxylation yields the one‐carbon shorter fatty acid. Compared with the previously characterized peroxygenase of Agrocybe aegerita, a wider heme access channel, enabling fatty acid positioning with the carboxylic end near the heme cofactor (as seen in one of the crystal structures available) could be at the origin of the unique ability of MroUPO shortening carboxylic acid chains.
Silylene‐Functionalized N‐Heterocyclic Carbene (Si−NHC)
Authors: Rottschäfer Dennis , Blomeyer Sebastian , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Ghadwal Rajendra S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Rajendra S. Ghadwal at the University of Bielefeld. The image depicts the bridging of a silylene and a carbene, leading to the formation of the silylene‐functionalized NHC (Si‐NHC). Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201703530.
On the aggregation of bilirubinoids in solution as evidenced by VCD and ECD spectroscopy and DFT calculations
Authors: Ghidinelli Simone , Longhi Giovanna , Mazzeo Giuseppe , Abbate Sergio , Boiadjiev Stefan E. , Lightner David A. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractVibrational and electronic circular dichroism (VCD and ECD) spectra of 3 optically active bilirubin analogs with propionic acid groups replaced by (1) 1‐(S)‐methylpropyl groups, (2) 3‐acetoxy‐1‐(S)‐methylpropyl groups, and (3) 1‐(S)‐2‐(R)‐dimethyl‐2‐(methoxycarbonyl)ethyl groups have been recorded at different concentrations in chloroform. The aliphatic chains attached to C‐8 and C‐12 of the 3 chosen mesobilirubins were modified so as to possess no OH group. The variation of the VCD spectra with concentration is consistent with the formation of dimers at high concentration. Density functional theory and time‐dependent density functional theory calculations on monomeric and dimeric forms support such a conclusion. Comparing with previous VCD (ECD) and IR (UV) studies of other mesobilirubin molecules, it is concluded that here, the key feature for aggregation is the missing OH groups on the propionic acid chains. The latter, in synergy with the polar groups of lactam moieties, appear to be involved in intramolecular phenomena and thus favor monomeric forms. Investigation of ECD and UV spectra of the same compounds in mixed DMSO/chloroform solutions provide further clues to the proposed picture.
Prostate cancer outcomes for men aged younger than 65 years with Medicaid versus private insurance
Authors: Mahal Amandeep R. , Mahal Brandon A. , Nguyen Paul L. , Yu James B. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDIn the current national debate regarding private insurance versus Medicaid expansion, understanding how insurance is associated with racial disparities in prostate cancer (CaP) outcomes has broad policy implications. In the current study, the authors examined the association between insurance status, race, and CaP outcomes.METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program identified 155,524 men aged < 65 years who were diagnosed with CaP from 2007 through 2014. The association between insurance and stage of disease at the time of presentation was examined. Among men with localized CaP, the associations between insurance and receipt of therapy and prostate cancer‐specific mortality (PCSM) were determined.RESULTSCompared with private insurance, men with Medicaid were more likely to present with metastatic disease (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 4.27; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4.01‐4.55), were less likely to receive definitive treatment (AOR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.62‐0.71), and had increased PCSM (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.83; 95% CI, 1.50‐2.24), regardless of race. Significant interactions between race and insurance status indicated that insurance had more than an additive association with race. Among privately insured patients, disparities in PCSM (AOR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.03‐1.40 [P = .019]) and presentation with metastatic disease (AOR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.06‐1.21 [P<.001]) were observed. No disparities were observed among patients with Medicaid insurance with regard to PCSM (AOR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.52‐1.20 [P = .272]) and metastatic disease (AOR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80‐1.03 [P = .139]).CONCLUSIONSRacial disparities in the outcomes of patients with CaP were observed in privately insured cohorts, whereas these disparities appeared to be reduced among patients with Medicaid insurance. However, outcomes need to be improved overall. Whether the equality in outcomes for Medicaid is due to white and African American patients doing “equally poorly” or “equally well” is unclear. Cancer 2018;124:752‐9. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Predicting the role of microstructural and biomechanical cues in tumor growth and spreading
Authors: Santagiuliana Raffaella , Pereira Rui C. , Schrefler Bernhard A. , Decuzzi Paolo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA multitude of mathematical and computational approaches have been proposed for predicting tumor growth. Yet, most models treat malignant masses as fluids neglecting microstructural and biomechanical features of the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM). Here, a continuum porous media model is developed within the thermodynamically constrained averaging theory framework for elucidating the role of these mechanical cues in regulating tumor growth and spreading. The model comprises 3 fluid phases—tumor cells, host cells, and interstitial fluid—and a solid phase—the ECM—considered as an elasto‐visco‐plastic medium. After validating the computational model against a multicellular tumor spheroid of glioblastoma multiforme, the effect on tumor development of ECM stiffness, adhesion with tumor cells, and porosity is investigated. It is shown that stiffer matrices and higher cell‐matrix adhesion limit tumor growth and spreading toward the surrounding tissue. A decrease in ECM Young's modulus E from 600 to 200 Pa induces a 60% increase in tumor mass within 8 days of observation. Similarly, a decrease of the adhesion parameter μ from 40 to 5 is responsible for an increase in tumor mass of 100%. On the other hand, higher matrix porosities favor the growth of the malignant mass and the dissemination of tumor cells. A modest increase in the porosity parameter ε from 0.7 to 0.9 is associated with a 300% increase in tumor mass. This model could be used for predicting the response of malignant masses to novel therapeutic agents affecting directly the tumor microenvironment and its micromechanical cues.
Erbin and ErbB2 play roles in the sexual differentiation of the song system nucleus HVC in bengalese finches (Lonchura Striata var. domestica)
Authors: Zhao Yueliu , Zhang Xuebo , Wang Rui , Bing Jie , Wu Fan , Zhang Yitong , Xu Jincao , Han Zhongming , Zhang Xinwen , Zeng Shaoju 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTSong control nuclei have distinct sexual differences in songbirds. However, the mechanism that underlies the sexual differentiation of song nuclei is still not well understood. Using a combination of anatomical, pharmacological, genetic, and behavioral approaches, the present study investigated the role of erbb2 (a homolog of the avian erythroblastic leukemia viral oncogene homolog 2) and the erbb2‐interacting gene, erbin, in the sexual differentiation of the song nucleus HVC in the Bengalese finch. We first found that both erbin and erbb2 were expressed in the developing HVC at posthatch day (PHD) 15 in a male‐biased fashion using qRT‐PCR and in situ hybridization. Following the addition of a pharmaceutical inhibitor of the ErbB2 signaling pathway to the culture medium, cell proliferation in the cultured ventricle zone (VZ) that overlies the developing HVC decreased significantly. After the injection of erbin‐ or erbb2‐interfering lentiviruses into the HVC and its overlying VZ at PHD 15, the cell proliferation in the VZ at PHD 24, the number of the differentiated neurons (Hu+/BrdU+ or NeuN+/BrdU+) in the HVC at PHD 31 or PHD 130, and the number of RA‐projecting cells at PHD 130 all decreased significantly. Additionally, the adult songs displayed serious abnormalities. Finally, 173 male‐biased genes were expressed in the developing HVC at PHD 15 using cDNA microarrays, of which 27.2% were Z‐linked genes and approximately 20 genes were involved in the Erbin‐ or ErbB2‐related signaling pathways. Our results provide some specific genetic factors that contribute to neurogenesis and sex differentiation in a song nucleus of songbirds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 15–38, 2018
Advances in noninvasive myelin imaging
Authors: Heath Florence , Hurley Samuel A. , Johansen‐Berg Heidi , Sampaio‐Baptista Cassandra 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTMyelin is important for the normal development and healthy function of the nervous system. Recent developments in MRI acquisition and tissue modeling aim to provide a better characterization and more specific markers for myelin. This allows for specific monitoring of myelination longitudinally and noninvasively in the healthy brain as well as assessment of treatment and intervention efficacy. Here, we offer a nontechnical review of MRI techniques developed to specifically monitor myelin such as magnetization transfer (MT) and myelin water imaging (MWI). We further summarize recent studies that employ these methods to measure myelin in relation to development and aging, learning and experience, and neuropathology and psychiatric disorders. © 2017 The Authors. Developmental Neurobiology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 136–151, 2018
Trait‐based indicators of bird species sensitivity to habitat loss are effective within but not across data sets
Authors: Hatfield Jack H. , Orme C. David L. , Tobias Joseph A. , Banks‐Leite Cristina 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSpecies’ traits have been widely championed as the key to predicting which species are most threatened by habitat loss, yet previous work has failed to detect trends that are consistent enough to guide large‐scale conservation and management. Here we explore whether traits and environmental variables predict species sensitivity to habitat loss across two data sets generated by independent avifaunal studies in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, both of which detected a similar assemblage of species, and similar species‐specific responses to habitat change, across an overlapping sample of sites. Specifically, we tested whether 25 distributional, climatic, ecological, behavioral, and morphological variables predict sensitivity to habitat loss among 196 bird species, both within and across studies, and when data were analysed as occurrence or abundance. We found that four to nine variables showed high explanatory power within a single study or data set, but none performed as strong predictors across all data sets. Our results demonstrate that the use of species traits to predict sensitivity to anthropogenic habitat loss can produce predictions that are species‐ and site‐specific and not scalable to whole regions or biomes, and thus should be used with caution.