bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Electrochemical Performance of a Tin−antimony Alloy/N‐Doped Carbon Nanocomposite as a Sodium‐Ion Battery Anode
Authors: Youn Duck Hyun , Park Hunmin , Loeffler Kathryn E. , Kim Jun‐Hyuk , Heller Adam , Mullins C. Buddie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA simple one‐pot process for producing 3.5 nm diameter uniformly dispersed SnSb nanoparticles on a nitrogen‐doped carbon composite (NC) is reported. An ethanol slurry of SnCl4, SbCl3, and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) is heated in air to 300 °C to form the mixed metal oxide NTA complex; heating to 650 °C under argon yields the SnSb/NC nanocomposites, comprising 3.5 nm diameter SnSb nanocrystals uniformly distributed in the conductive N‐doped carbon. After 200 cycles at a specific current of 0.1 Ag−1, the SnSb/NC nanocomposite sodium‐ion anode retains a reversible capacity of 244 mAh g−1. The similarly prepared Sn/NC and Sb/NC anodes retain lower capacities of 88 and 188 mAh g−1, respectively. The improved performance of the SnSb/NC electrode might be ascribed to the stepwise sodiation/desodiation process of Sn and Sb species in the SnSb/NC electrode, which could act as an inert buffer matrix for each other, according to the potentials, slowing the capacity fading.
Hemin‐Graphene Derivatives with Increased Peroxidase Activities Restrain Protein Tyrosine Nitration
Authors: Xu Huan , Yang Zhen , Li Hailing , Gao Zhonghong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractProtein tyrosine nitration is implicated in the occurrence and progression of pathological conditions involving free radical reactions. It is well recognized that hemin can catalyze protein tyrosine nitration in the presence of nitrite and hydrogen peroxide. Generally, the catalytic efficiency is positively correlated to its peroxidase activity. In this study, however, it is found that the efficiency of hemin in catalyzing protein tyrosine nitration is largely suppressed after functionalization with graphene derivatives, even though its peroxidase‐like activity is more than quadrupled. Further studies show that the oxidation of tyrosine is still observed for these composites; dityrosine formation, however, is greatly inhibited. Furthermore, these composites also exhibit strong effects on the oxidation of nitrite into nitrate. Therefore, we propose a mechanism in which hemin‐graphene derivatives facilitate the oxidation of tyrosine and nitrite to produce tyrosyl radicals and nitrogen dioxide radicals in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, but graphene interlayers serve as barriers that hinder radical–radical coupling reactions; consequently, protein tyrosine nitration is restrained. This property of hemin‐graphene derivatives, by which they catalyze substrate oxidation but suppress radical–radical coupling reactions, shows their great potential in selective oxidation procedures for byproduct removal.
Highly Spin‐Frustrated Magnetism in the Topochemically Prepared Triangular Lattice Cluster Magnets Na3A2(MoO4)2Mo3O8 (A=In, Sc)
Authors: Haraguchi Yuya , Michioka Chishiro , Ueda Hiroaki , Yoshimura Kazuyoshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe physical properties of novel cluster‐based triangular lattice antiferromagnets Na3A2(MoO4)2Mo3O8 (A=In, Sc), synthesized through a topochemical Na‐intercalation to nonmagnetic Na2A2(MoO4)2Mo3O8, are reported. The S=1/2 [Mo3]11+ clusters form a regular triangular lattice, which gives the magnetic system a strong geometrical spin frustration effect. Despite the strong antiferromagnetic couplings among [Mo3]11+ clusters, they show no long‐range magnetic orderings down to 0.5 K with the finite residual magnetic entropy. The ground states of Na3A2(MoO4)2Mo3O8 have been characterized as a quantum spin liquid, owing to the strong spin frustration of cluster spins on the triangular lattice.
Trivalent Lewis Acidic Cations Govern the Electronic Properties and Stability of Heterobimetallic Complexes of Nickel
Authors: Kumar Amit , Lionetti Davide , Day Victor W. , Blakemore James D. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAssembly of heterobimetallic complexes is synthetically challenging due to the propensity of ditopic ligands to bind metals unselectively. Here, we employ a novel divergent approach for selective preparation of a variety of bimetallic complexes within a ditopic macrocyclic ligand platform. In our approach, nickel is readily coordinated to a Schiff base cavity, and then a range of redox‐inactive cations (M=Na+, Ca2+, Nd3+, and Y3+) are installed in a pendant crown‐ether‐like site. This modular strategy allows access to complexes with the highly Lewis acidic trivalent cations Nd3+ and Y3+, a class of compounds that were previously inaccessible. Spectroscopic and electrochemical studies reveal wide variations in properties that are governed most strongly by the trivalent cations. Exposure to dimethylformamide drives loss of Nd3+ and Y3+ from the pendant crown‐ether site, suggesting solvent effects must be carefully considered in future applications involving use of highly Lewis acidic metals.
Enzyme‐Free Colorimetric Detection of Cu2+ by Utilizing Target‐Triggered DNAzymes and Toehold‐Mediated DNA Strand Displacement Events
Authors: Park Yeonkyung , Lee Chang Yeol , Park Ki Soo , Park Hyun Gyu 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA new enzyme‐free system for colorimetric Cu2+ detection, which relies on target‐triggered DNAzymes and toehold‐mediated DNA strand‐displacement circuits, is described. The system employs a DNAzyme designed to undergo self‐cleavage in the presence of Cu2+ and release a catalyst strand that triggers a sequential toehold‐mediated strand displacement reaction. This event leads to the release of a split G‐quadruplex DNAzyme strand that is initially caged and inactivated by a blocker strand. A fuel strand is further incorporated for the recycling of the catalyst strand to promote another toehold‐mediated strand displacement event, which consequently produces a large number of active split G‐quadruplex DNAzymes. By employing this design principle, target Cu2+ was very successfully identified with a detection limit of 1.31 nm based on the distinct colorimetric signal developed by the oxidation of 2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline)‐6‐sulfonic acid promoted by the peroxidase mimicking activity of the released G‐quadruplex DNAzymes. Finally, the practical capability of this sensing system was very successfully demonstrated by its use to reliably determine Cu2+ in tap water.
A Gallium Hydride as an Oxidizing Agent: Direct Synthesis of IrV Complexes via Ga−H Bond Activation
Authors: Caise Alexa , Abdalla Joseph A. B. , Tirfoin Rémi , Edwards Alison J. , Aldridge Simon 
Published: October 2017

AbstractReactions of the β‐diketiminate‐stabilized gallium dihydride (Nacnac)DippGaH2 with chelating IrI bis(phosphine) precursors under an H2 atmosphere are shown to provide a simple route to IrV complexes stabilized by strongly σ‐donating hydrides and the carbene‐like (Nacnac)DippGa donor. Characterization of these systems as seven‐coordinate IrV tetrahydride species is supported by single crystal X‐ray and neutron diffraction, and by T1 NMR measurements. By contrast related systems featuring more sterically demanding (non‐chelating) ancillary ligands are better described in terms of a bis(hydride) dihydrogen [L3Ir(H)2(H2)]+ formulation and a formal IrIII oxidation state.
Improvements in hospice utilization among patients with advanced‐stage lung cancer in an integrated health care system
Authors: Sullivan Donald R. , Ganzini Linda , Lapidus Jodi A. , Hansen Lissi , Carney Patricia A. , Osborne Molly L. , Fromme Erik K. , Izumi Seiko , Slatore Christopher G. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDHospice, a patient‐centered care system for those with limited life expectancy, is important for enhancing quality of life and is understudied in integrated health care systems.METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of 21,860 decedents with advanced‐stage lung cancer diagnosed from January 2007 to June 2013 in the national US Veterans Affairs Health Care System. Trends over time, geographic regional variability, and patient and tumor characteristics associated with hospice use and the timing of enrollment were examined. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used.RESULTSFrom 2007 to 2013, 70.3% of decedents with advanced‐stage lung cancer were enrolled in hospice. Among patients in hospice, 52.9% were enrolled in the last month of life, and 14.7% were enrolled in the last 3 days of life. Hospice enrollment increased (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.07; P < .001), whereas the mean time from the cancer diagnosis to hospice enrollment decreased by 65 days (relative decrease, 32%; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.04; P < .001). Relative decreases in late hospice enrollment were observed in the last month (7%; AOR, 0.98; P = .04) and last 3 days of life (26%; AOR, 0.95; P < .001). The Southeast region of the United States had both the highest rate of hospice enrollment and the lowest rate of late enrollment. Patient sociodemographic and lung cancer characteristics were associated with hospice enrollment.CONCLUSIONSAmong patients with advanced‐stage lung cancer in the Veterans Affairs Health Care System, overall and earlier hospice enrollment increased over time. Considerable regional variability in hospice enrollment and the persistence of late enrollment suggests opportunities for improvement in end‐of‐life care. Cancer 2018;124:426‐33. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Lithiation Behavior of Silicon Nanowire Anodes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: Impact of Functionalization and Porosity
Authors: Schmerling Marcus , Fenske Daniela , Peters Fabian , Schwenzel Julian , Busse Matthias 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMetal‐assisted chemical etching (MACE) provides a versatile way to synthesize silicon nanowires (SiNW) of different morphologies. MACE was used to synthesize oxide‐free porous and nonporous SiNW for use as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries. To improve their processing behavior, the SiNW were functionalized using acrylic acid. Differential capacity plots were used as a way to identify the degradation processes during cycling through tracking the formation of Li15Si4 and changes in polarization. The cycling performance between porous and nonporous SiNW differed regarding Coulombic efficiency and cycling stability. The differences were attributed to the porous hull and its ability to reduce the volume expansion, although not through its porous nature but the reduced uptake of Li ions.
CO2 Reduction on the Pre‐reduced Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conducting Perovskites La0.6Sr‐0.4FeO3‐δ and SrTi0.7Fe0.3O3‐δ
Authors: Grünbacher Matthias , Götsch Thomas , Opitz Alexander K. , Klötzer Bernhard , Penner Simon 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe activity of the pre‐reduced perovskites La0.6Sr0.4FeO3‐δ (LSF64) and SrTi0.7Fe0.3O3‐δ (STF73) for the CO2 reduction to CO was investigated with special focus on the reactivity of oxide‐dissolved hydrogen. This is of particular interest in hydrogen solid‐oxide electrolysis cell (H‐SOEC) technology, where proton‐conducting ceramics are used and the reaction 2e−+2H++CO2→CO+H2O is of central importance. To clarify if hydrogen dissolved in LSF64 and STF73 partakes in the CO2 reduction, temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR) in H2, followed by temperature‐programmed reoxidation (TPO) in CO2 and, moreover, temperature‐programmed desorption (TPD) of ad‐ and absorbed species were utilized. The experiments reveal that 50 mol % of the CO2 is converted by hydrogen dissolved in STF73 and reacts quantitatively. On the other hand, LSF64 converts less than 20 mol % of CO2 via dissolved hydrogen and a residual of bulk OH is still detectable after CO2‐TPO.
Photoinitiating Systems Based on Anthraquinone Derivatives: Synthesis of Antifouling and Biocide Coatings
Authors: Tomane Somia , Sautrot‐Ba Pauline , Mazeran Pierre‐Emmanuel , Lalevée Jacques , Graff Bernadette , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Abbad‐Andaloussi Samir , Langlois Valérie , Versace Davy‐Louis 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhotoinitiating systems combining 2,6‐diaminoanthraquinone (AQD), iodonium salt (Iod), and benzyl alcohol derivatives have been developed to efficiently initiate the cationic polymerization of epoxy monomers upon light exposure. Electron spin resonance spin‐trapping (ESR ST) experiments, fluorescence investigations, and steady‐state photolysis have demonstrated that a dye‐sensitized reaction occurs between AQD and the benzyl alcohol derivatives through a hydrogen abstraction mechanism upon light illumination, followed by reduction of Iod. The in situ liberation of protic acids promotes the cationic photopolymerization of epoxy monomers concomitantly with hydrolysis and condensation of the reactive methoxysilanes of an organic–inorganic precursor, for example, 3‐glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). Nanoindentation experiments and scratch resistance tests proved that the resulting GPTMS coatings exhibit very good resistance to brittle fracture and excellent adherence to stainless‐steel substrates. Interestingly, antibacterial tests of the GPTMS coatings showed efficient antifouling and biocide properties against E. coli and S. aureus.
Determination of hydroxy metabolites of cocaine in hair samples for proof of consumption
Authors: Musshoff Frank , Thieme Detlef , Schwarz Gerlinde , Sachs Hans , Skopp Gisela , Franz Thomas 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough hair is widely used to identify drug use, there is a risk of false positives due to environmental contamination. This especially applies to cocaine (COC). Several strategies such as detection of norcocaine (NCOC) or cocaethylene, metabolite concentration ratios or intricate washing procedures have been proposed to differentiate actual use from contamination. The aim of the present study was to identify hydroxy metabolites of COC in hair specimens, thus enabling unambiguous prove of ingestion. A suspect screening of 41 COC‐positive samples for these compounds was performed by liquid chromatography–quadrupole time of flight–mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF–MS). Once identified, mass transitions for o‐, p‐ and m‐isomers of hydroxy COC as well as p‐ and m‐isomers of hydroxy benzoylecgonine (BE) and hydroxy NCOC were introduced into a routine procedure for testing drugs of abuse in hair by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) which was applied to 576 hair samples. Hydroxy metabolites were present in 92.2% of COC‐positive hair samples; their detection rate exceeded that of cocaethylene and NCOC. Moreover, p‐OH‐BE, m‐OH‐BE as well as p‐OH‐NCOC and m‐OH‐NCOC have been identified for the first time in COC‐positive hair specimens. Hydroxy cocainics could be detected in samples having a negative conclusion on drug use applying hitherto established criteria. We suggest a more conclusive interpretation outcome including detection of hydroxy metabolites into the evaluation of COC‐positive hair samples.
Gaming motivation and problematic video gaming: The role of needs frustration
Authors: Mills Devin J. , Milyavskaya Marina , Heath Nancy L. , Derevensky Jeffrey L. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMotivation is often used as a predictor of a problematic style of video game engagement, implying that individuals' gaming undermines optimal functioning. Drawing from recent advances in Self‐Determination Theory (SDT), the present study explores the links between gaming motivations, the daily frustration of basic psychological needs, and reports of problematic video gaming (PVG). A sample of 1029 participants (72.8% male; M = 22.96 years; SD = 4.13 years) completed items regarding their gaming engagement and gaming motivation as well as their experience of needs frustration and PVG symptoms. Results revealed positive associations between gaming motivations and PVG, and between daily needs frustration and PVG. Finally, after comparing several competing models, a mediational model whereby needs frustration explained the association between individuals' gaming motivation and PVG emerged as best fitting the data. The discussion addresses the theoretical and practical implications of these findings in the context of recent research.
Ultra‐sensitive Amperometric Hydrazine Sensing via Dimethyl Glyoxomat Derived NiO Nanostructures
Authors: Arain Munazza , Nafady Ayman , Al‐Enizi Abdullah M. , Shaikh Tayyaba , Ibupoto Zafar Hussain , Sherazi Syed Tufail Hussain , Hassan Syeda Sara , Abro Muhammad Ishaque , Sirajuddin  , Khattak Manzoor Iqbal , Kumar Raj 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHere we report the synthesis of NiO nanostructures via glyoxomat assisted precipitation protocol using hydrothermal route under the influence of ammonia followed by annealing at 450 oC. These nanostructures were characterized via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The morphological investigation of the finally prepared NiO revealed foam‐like porous nanostructures. These NiO nanostructures were immobilized onto glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with nafion as binding material and used as highly sensitive and selective sensor for determining hydrazine in the range of 100–500 nM and 600–1600 nM with a calculated limit of detection (LOD) equal to 5 nM. The as prepared sensor was tested for the presence of various interfering species such as Na+, Cu2+, uric acid, hydrogen peroxide and glucose in the presence of equimolar concentration of hydrazine and negligible interference was noticed. The sensor was further tested for hydrazine detection using square wave voltammetry (SWV) however it only worked in the range of 50–1200 μM. Finally the sensor was successfully implemented for hydrazine determination in real water samples using amperometric protocol.
A Prostate Specific Antigen Immunosensor Based on Biotinylated‐Antibody/Cyclodextrin Inclusion Complex: Fabrication and Electrochemical Studies
Authors: Mousavi Mir F. , Amiri Masoud , Noori Abolhassan , Khoshfetrat Seyyed Mehdi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractImmobilization of biomolecules with a proper orientation is considered as a basis for diverse biotechnological applications. Herein, we report a host‐guest inclusion complexation between β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) and biotin as a versatile approach for the immobilization of biomolecules. As a practical application, a sandwich‐type electrochemical immunosensor was designed for the determination of prostate specific antigen (PSA). The immunosensor was fabricated by in situ electropolymerization of poly(N‐acetylaniline) onto a rGO‐modified Pt electrode. Then, β‐CD was covalently grafted onto the over‐oxidized polymer backbone. For improving the efficiency of the assay, AuNPs were casted on the polymeric film, on the surface of which thionine (TH) as an electron mediator was covalently immobilized. Using a host‐guest inclusion complexation between β‐CD and biotin, a β‐CD/biotin‐Ab1/PSA/Ab2‐horseradish peroxidase (HRP) sandwich was formed on the electrode surface. The analytical signal was produced via electrochemical reduction of THox, generated by biocatalytic oxidation of the THred in the presence of HRP/H2O2. Under optimal conditions, the proposed sensor responded linearly to PSA in the range from 10.0 pg mL−1 to 25.0 ng mL−1, with a low detection limit of 6.7 pg mL−1 (S/N=3). Kinetic parameters of the interaction of β‐CD with Ab1 were also investigated. Finally, the applicability of the immunosensor was successfully investigated for the detection of PSA in human serum samples.
Electrochemical Determination of Fenitrothion Organophosphorus Pesticide Using Polyzincon Modified‐glassy Carbon Electrode
Authors: Ensafi Ali Aasghar , Rezaloo Fatemeh , Rezaei Behzad 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this paper, a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with polyzincon. The modified electrode was used as a simple, inexpensive and highly sensitive electrochemical sensor for the determination of organophosphorus pesticide fenitrothion. To fabricate the electrochemical sensor, GCE was immersed in 0.10 mmol L−1 zincon solutions at pH 7.0 and then successively scanned between −1.00 to 2.20 V (vs. Ag/AgCl) at a scan rate of 70 mV s−1 for six cycles. The morphology and structure of the polyzincon were studied with atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A comparison of the electrochemical behavior of fenitrothion on the unmodified and polyzincon modified‐GCE showed that in the modified electrode not only the oxidation peak current increased, but also the overpotential shifted to lower one. The experimental conditions such as sample solution pH, accumulation potential, and time were optimized. The differential pulse voltammetric responses of fenitrothion at potential about −0.60 V was used for the determination of fenitrothion. The peak current increased with increasing the concentration of fenitrothion in the range of 5 to 8600 nmol L−1 with a detection limit of 1.5 nmol L−1. Finally, the electrochemical sensor was used for the analysis of fenitrothion in water and fruit samples.
Electro‐nano Diagnostic Platforms for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Kalyoncu Dorukhan , Tepeli Yudum , Kirgöz Umut Can , Buyraç Arda , Anik Ülkü 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, a bimetallic nanomaterial‐based electrochemical immunosensor was developed for the detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) cancer biomarkers at the same time. CEA and VEGF biomarkers are indicators for colon and breast cancers and stomach cancers, respectively. During the study, gold nanoparticle (AuNp), lead nanoparticle (PbNp), copper nanoparticle (CuNp) and magnetic gamma iron(III)oxide (γFe2O3 Np) were synthesized, characterized and used together for the first time in the structure of an electrochemical biosensor based on anti‐CEA and anti‐VEGF. For this purpose, Au SPE based sandwich immunosensor was fabricated by using labeled anti‐CEA (labeled with Pb+2) and labeled anti‐VEGF (labeled with Cu+2). As a result, CEA and VEGF biomarkers were detected following the oxidation peaks of label metals (Pb+2 and Cu+2) by using differential pulse voltammetry. After the experimental parameters were optimized, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 25 ng/mL and 600 ng/mL with the relative standard deviation (RSD) value of (n=3 for 600 ng/mL) 3.33 % and limit of detection (LOD) value of 4.31 ng/mL for CEA biomarker. On the other hand, the linear range was found in the concentration range between 0.2 ng/mL and 12.5 ng/mL with the RSD value of (n=3 for 12.5 ng/mL) 5.31 % and LOD value of 0.014 ng/mL for VEGF biomarker. Lastly, sample application studies for synthetic plasma sample and interference studies with dopamine, ascorbic acid, BSA, cysteine and IgG were carried out.