bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcome differences of emergency cesarean delivery in the delivery room versus the operating room: A study based on propensity score matching
Authors: Zhao Kaisun , Yuan Chunlan , He Shimei , Yan Jian , Huang Jianchun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study sought to compare the risks and outcomes associated with category I cesarean section procedures performed in the delivery room versus those performed in the operating room.Patients and MethodsThe analysis included 126 singleton pregnant women who underwent inpatient delivery at the Second People's Hospital of Nanning between January 2021 and May 2024. Following propensity score matching, 21 cases were in the delivery room group, and 105 cases were in the operating room group. Parameters under investigation encompassed decision‐to‐delivery interval, incision‐to‐delivery interval, surgical duration, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative antibiotic duration, postoperative hospital stay length, postoperative fever incidence, adverse neonatal outcomes, and blood routine parameters.ResultsThe decision‐to‐delivery interval was significantly shorter in the delivery room group than in the operating room group. Conversely, the delivery room group exhibited longer surgical durations, higher blood loss, prolonged postoperative antibiotic usage, extended hospital stays, and elevated white blood cell counts with statistical significance (p < 0.05). Nevertheless, no notable variations were observed between the groups in maternal and neonatal outcome indicators, such as adverse neonatal outcomes and postoperative fever rates.ConclusionsThe outcomes suggest that the delivery room group showed increased risks compared with the operating room group, potentially indicating heightened vulnerabilities to bleeding and infection. Hence, it is advisable for patients to undergo surgery in the operating room unless the delivery room is equipped with sterile surgical facilities or in cases of urgent necessity.
A case of rapidly progressive prostate cancer with bone and lymph node metastasis after contact laser vaporization for benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: Muraoka Kei , Fujisaki Akira , Uchida Kosuke , Hakamata Yasuhiro , Kanda Yuka , Sugiura Kota , Yoshida Masashi , Imai Shin , Otsuki Yoshiro , Yoneda Tatsuaki 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionProstate cancer is incidentally diagnosed in 6%–11% of benign prostatic hyperplasia surgeries.Case presentationA 79‐year‐old man was diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia. The prostate volume was 54.5 mL, and the prostate‐specific antigen level was 7.121 ng/mL. Magnetic resonance imaging and prostate biopsy were not performed. He then underwent contact laser vaporization of the prostate. After 3 months, gross hematuria occurred, and the prostate‐specific antigen level was 62.495 ng/mL. Cystoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging revealed prostate cancer with bladder invasion. Prostate biopsy and transurethral resection were performed, revealing adenocarcinoma with a Gleason score of 5 + 5. The patient was diagnosed with prostate cancer T4N1M1b, and triplet therapy was initiated. After 6 months, the prostate‐specific antigen level was 0.037 ng/mL, and the metastases had shrunk.ConclusionVaporization for high‐grade prostate cancer can lead to rapid progression. Therefore, screening for prostate cancer before benign prostatic hyperplasia surgery is important.
Emerging role of gut microbiota extracellular vesicle in neurodegenerative disorders and insights on their therapeutic management
Authors: Hassan Adil , Huang Yin , Mahjabina  , Sudiro Otmilda Hapsari , Wang Xiangxiu , He Jingqin , Wei Yan , Liao Xiaoling , Wang Guixue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTargeting gut flora to lower sickness risk is a growing scientific subject. The intricate network of microorganisms (gut microbiota) in the human intestines regulates many physiological systems and may be important for general health. Recent research has shown a dynamic relationship between gut microbiota and central nervous system (CNS). Dysbiosis is key to establishing and progressing human diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders. Recently, gut microbiota extracellular vesicles (GMEVs) have been suggested as brain‐gut communication carriers. Vesicle components contact immune receptors, initiating neuroinflammatory immune responses and causing neurodegenerative diseases. This study seeks to explain how the gut microbiota and its extracellular vesicles cause or worsen neurodegenerative diseases. We also highlighted recent advances in our understanding of these GMEVs' and cargo's routes, which could be used in drug delivery treatments. This study also examines the current state and potential therapeutic effects of GMEVs on neurodegenerative illnesses.
6G Self‐Evolution Network for IoT Using Rainbow Deep Q‐Network Based on Decision‐Making
Authors: Reddy Satti Sudha Mohan , Chintapalli Siva Surya Narayana , Alkhayyat Ahmed , Varma P. Ravi Kiran , Singh Satya Prakash 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn recent trends, the development of 6G technology has provided a critical focus on its core network architecture which facilitates the robust foundation for entire network. A solution of self‐evolving networks for 6G is under consideration, in which networks develop their autonomy as a key perspective in the decision‐making process. Till now, various decision‐making mechanisms are identified, such as their key features, individual theoretical analyzes, and customized for 6G networks. To reduce the network load and improve system utilization, a decision‐making based on Rainbow Deep Q‐Network (RDQN) is proposed in this research. This methodology considers distributed decision‐making scenarios in which IoT devices enhance the quality of experience (QoE) with low training. Furthermore, it aims at a community of self‐evolving networks to show the improvements in 6G technologies and accelerates the learning rate. From the result analysis, it evidently displays that proposed RDQN has better training rate than other algorithms and requires fewer rounds of approximately 20 for a high number of episodes (500). Similarly, while evaluating QoE utility value, the proposed RDQN demonstrates a higher value of 100 when the number of target customers is large which outperforms the other existing models. The above results prove that the proposed RDQN is more efficient in IoT traffic monitoring and more suitable for the 6G environment.
Influence of Growth, Capital Structure, Profitability, and Size on FTSE 100 Enterprise Value
Authors: Akin Isik , Akin Meryem , Satiroglu Hakan , Jhamb Mahak 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study aims to examine the influence of growth, capital structure, and profitability on enterprise value (EV) using data from the FTSE 100 companies. It seeks to identify the pivotal elements related to the EV and understand how they interact with each other. The study collects data from the annual reports of FTSE 100 companies for the period of 2019–2023. Regression analyses are conducted to examine the relationships between the variables after robust checks. The analysis reveals that capital structure and business size have a major impact on EV, with larger firms and higher levels of debt financing associated with higher EVs. However, there is no significant relationship between growth rate and EV. The impact of profitability on EV is mixed, with return on assets (ROA) showing a weak negative correlation and return on equity (ROE) showing a weak positive correlation. By offering particular insights into the factors that determine EV within the FTSE 100, this study fills in the gaps in the body of previous research. It offers valuable contributions to both academic research and practical applications by exploring the nuanced dynamics of the connections between EV and growth, capital structure, and profitability.
Investigation of the complete encapsulation process of the noble gases by cryptophanes
Authors: Ćoćić Dušan , Yang Liu , Puchta Ralph , Shi Tiesheng , van Eldik Rudi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBased on DFT calculations (ωB97XD/def2‐SVP/SVPfit), the ability and mechanism of noble gas encapsulation by series of cryptophanes were investigated. The focus was set to study the influence of different functionalization groups placed at the “gates” of cryptophanes cavity entrance by which the energy criteria were chosen as a main indicator for selective encapsulation of noble gases. Chosen functionalization groups were CH3, OCH3, OH, NH2, and Cl, and the encapsulation process of these cryptophanes was compared to a cryptophane without any functionalization group on its outer rim. Those groups were selected based on their different chemical properties and based on their size which will subsequently put additional steric restrictions on the cavity entrance. Chosen functionalization groups, beside their steric influence on the energy barrier magnitude, influence also the gating process through its chemical nature by which they can put an additional stabilization on noble gases encapsulation transition states enhancing the encapsulation process. Objective of this study was clearly to get better insights on the influence of those functional groups on the whole encapsulation process of noble gases. Large‐size noble gases (Xe and Rn) from all noble gases are best accommodated in the cavities of selected cryptophanes, on the other hand these noble gases require to pass the highest energy barrier through the gating process. From the series of investigated cryptophanes, the cryptophane with the OCH3 functionalization group has been identified as the one with the best capabilities to host investigated noble gases, but on the other side this cryptophane puts the highest energy criteria required for the previous gating process.
A novel MAOA gene variant: Brunner syndrome, a rare syndrome, is associated with a wide range of psychiatric symptoms
Authors: Ünsel‐Bolat Gül , Turan Sıla , Bolat Hilmi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBrunner syndrome is a rare genetic disorder that associated with mutations in the MAOA gene. It has been linked to a number of psychiatric disorders. We present detailed information on psychiatric evaluation of a case carrying a novel MAOA gene variant of p.(Thr408Met). The patient was referred to our clinic with a history of attention problems, motor coordination difficulties and a tendency to bite objects. Following a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, the patient was diagnosed with developmental coordination disorder, articulation disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). MAOA mutations are rarely reported in the literature. To date, a total of 23 MAOA gene variants, mostly missense variants, have been reported through the HGMD database (Professional 2023.4).Neurodevelopmental symptoms may vary in severity and diversity among patients with Brunner syndrome. Different degrees of intellectual disability have been found in previously reviewed cohorts of Brunner syndrome. In our affected patient, cognitive development and academic achievement were at a similar level to his peers. Additionally, our patient exhibited symptoms suggestive of developmental coordination disorder. Our findings show that genetic mutations in MAOA can lead to a wide range of clinical symptoms and underline the need for comprehensive genetic and clinical evaluations.
Evaluation of resurgence following differential reinforcement of alternative behavior with and without extinction in a human operant model
Authors: DeWitt Skylar , Briggs Adam M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the most common treatments for severe challenging behavior involves placing the challenging behavior on extinction and differentially reinforcing an alternative response (DRA). However, extinction is not always feasible and may be unsafe or impractical to implement in some circumstances. Thus, implementing a DRA without extinction intervention may be necessary for some cases. Currently, the extent to which DRA without extinction produces durable treatment outcomes, particularly as it relates to the resurgence of challenging behavior, is unclear. The present study investigated resurgence following DRA with and without extinction using a three‐phase resurgence evaluation in a translational human operant model with college students as participants. All participants demonstrated resurgence across both experimental groups. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence, magnitude, or persistence of resurgence between groups, levels of resurgence magnitude were relatively higher in the DRA‐without‐extinction group than in the DRA‐with‐extinction group. Clinical implications of these findings and directions for future human operant investigations of resurgence are discussed.
A Synthetic Route Towards Spiro Indanone Fused Pyrano[2,3‐c]Chromene Derivatives via Oxa–Diels–Alder Reaction: Computational Investigation, Antibacterial Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies as Potential DNA Gyrase Inhibitors
Authors: Panda Jasmine , Brahma Beli , Nayak Sabita , Mohapatra Seetaram , Raiguru Bishnu Prasad , Rout Saiprakash , Parida Sonali Priyadarshini , Naithani Kaushal 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA highly efficient method for the synthesis of 2′H‐spiro[indene‐2,3′‐pyrano[2,3‐c]chromene] derivatives 20(a–s) has been developed involving oxa–Diels–Alder reaction as the key step under conventional conditions in good to excellent yields. The compounds were all characterized using 1H, 13C NMR, HRMS, and X‐ray crystallography. The present study employs DFT to validate the reaction pathway. In vitro antibacterial assay of all the synthesized derivatives was evaluated against Gram‐negative Escherichia coli and Gram‐positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains. Compound 20e was found to be the most potent molecule with ZI of 19 mm and MIC of 16 μg mL−1 in E. coli and ZI of 14 mm and MIC of 32 μg mL−1 in S. aureus. Additionally, 20e demonstrated a strong inhibition of DNA gyrase in silico, with a binding affinity of −9.3 and − 9.0 kcal/mol in E. coli and S. aureus respectively. Also, significant pharmacokinetic, physicochemical, and drug‐like properties of the spirocyclic compounds were further corroborated by ADME investigations. Hence, these new series of spiro indanone fused pyrano[2,3‐c]chromene derivatives may be potent druggable antibacterial agents in future.
Reproducibility of Cardiac Multifrequency MR Elastography in Assessing Left Ventricular Stiffness and Viscosity
Authors: Castelein Johannes , Duus Amanda S. , Bække Pernille S. , Sack Ingolf , Anders Matthias S. , Kettless Karen , Hansen Adam E. , Dierckx Rudi A. J. O. , De Backer Ole , Vejlstrup Niels G. , Lund Morten A. V. , Borra Ronald J. H. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundCardiac magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) shows promise in assessing the mechanofunctional properties of the heart but faces clinical challenges, mainly synchronization with cardiac cycle, breathing, and external harmonic stimulation.PurposeTo determine the reproducibility of in vivo cardiac multifrequency MRE (MMRE) for assessing diastolic left ventricular (LV) stiffness and viscosity.Study TypeProspective.SubjectsThis single‐center study included a total of 28 participants (mean age, 56.6 ± 23.0 years; 16 male) consisting of randomly selected healthy participants (mean age, 44.6 ± 20.1 years; 9 male) and patients with aortic stenosis (mean age, 78.3 ± 3.8 years; 7 male).Field Strength/Sequence3 T, 3D multifrequency MRE with a single‐shot spin‐echo planar imaging sequence.AssessmentEach participant underwent two cardiac MMRE examinations on the same day. Full 3D wave fields were acquired in diastole at frequencies of 80, 90, and 100 Hz during a total of three breath‐holds. Shear wave speed (SWS) and penetration rate (PR) were reconstructed as a surrogate for tissue stiffness and inverse viscous loss. Epicardial and endocardial ROIs were manually drawn by two independent readers to segment the LV myocardium.Statistical TestsShapiro–Wilk test, Bland–Altman analysis and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). P‐value <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsBland–Altman analyses and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC = 0.96 for myocardial stiffness and ICC = 0.93 for viscosity) indicated near‐perfect test–retest repeatability among examinations on the same day. The mean SWS for scan and re‐scan diastolic LV myocardium were 2.42 ± 0.24 m/s and 2.39 ± 0.23 m/s; the mean PR were 1.24 ± 0.17 m/s and 1.22 ± 0.14 m/s. Inter‐reader variability showed good to excellent agreement for myocardial stiffness (ICC = 0.92) and viscosity (ICC = 0.85).Data ConclusionCardiac MMRE is a promising and reproducible method for noninvasive assessment of diastolic LV stiffness and viscosity.Level of Evidence2Technical Efficacy1
Examining the associations between posttraumatic stress disorder symptom clusters across cognitive processing therapy
Authors: May Casey L. , Stayton‐Coe Laura , Chard Kathleen M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCognitive processing therapy (CPT) is a well‐known trauma‐focused treatment that aims to generate more adaptive posttrauma cognitions and emotions. Changes in cognitions are theorized to be the mechanism by which CPT leads to improvement in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. The present study aimed to explore associations between changes in PTSD symptom clusters during CPT. We hypothesized that early changes in negative alterations in cognitions and mood (NACM) would correlate with later changes in other symptom clusters. Data were collected from 296 veterans participating a 7‐week PTSD residential treatment program at a U.S. Veterans Affairs medical center. PTSD symptoms were assessed at pretreatment (Week 1), midtreatment (Week 4), and posttreatment (Week 7). Cross‐lagged path analyses demonstrated that pretreatment‐to‐midtreatment improvement in NACM was correlated with midtreatment‐to‐posttreatment improvement in avoidance, β = .52, though this association was bidirectional, suggesting pretreatment‐to‐midtreatment improvements in either cluster may be correlated with midtreatment‐to‐posttreatment improvements. Similarly, pretreatment‐to‐midtreatment improvement in intrusions, β = .40, and arousal, β = .49, were correlated with later improvement in avoidance, suggesting avoidance may improve after improvement in other clusters. Interestingly, pretreatment‐to‐midtreatment arousal improvement was significantly correlated with midtreatment‐to‐posttreatment NACM improvement, β = .27, though the reverse was nonsignificant, whereas a bidirectional association between arousal and intrusions emerged, β = .34, β = .53. Early changes in arousal were correlated with later changes in several other symptom clusters, whereas other clusters demonstrated bidirectional associations. These results may inform understanding of symptom improvement timing across CPT, which may aid in treatment selection and planning.
A Wearable, Steerable, Transcranial Low‐Intensity Focused Ultrasound System
Authors: Bawiec Christopher R. , Hollender Peter J. , Ornellas Sarah B. , Schachtner Jessica N. , Dahill‐Fuchel Jacob F. , Konecky Soren D. , Allen John J. B. 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesTranscranial low‐intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) offers unique opportunities for precisely neuromodulating small and/or deep targets within the human brain, which may be useful for treating psychiatric and neurological disorders. This article presents a novel ultrasound system that delivers focused ultrasound through the forehead to anterior brain targets and evaluates its safety and usability in a volunteer study.MethodsThe ultrasound system and workflow are described, including neuronavigation, LIFU planning, and ultrasound delivery components. Its capabilities are analyzed through simulations and experiments in water to establish its safe steering range. A cohort of 20 healthy volunteers received a LIFU protocol aimed at the anterior medial prefrontal cortex (amPFC), using imaging and questionnaires to screen for adverse effects. Additional development after the study also analyzes the effect of the skull and sinus cavities on delivered ultrasound energy.ResultsSimulations and hydrophone readings agreed with <5% error, and the safe steering range was found to encompass a 1.8 cm × 2.5 cm × 2 cm volume centered at a depth 5 cm from the surface of the skin. There were no adverse effects evident on qualitative assessments, nor any signs of damage in susceptibility‐weighted imaging scans. All participants tolerated the treatment well. The interface effectively enabled the users to complete the workflow with all participants. In particular, the amPFC of every participant was within the steering limits of the system. A post hoc analysis showed that “virtual fitting” could aid in steering the beams around subjects' sinuses.ConclusionsThe presented system safely delivered LIFU through the forehead while targeting the amPFC in all volunteers, and was well‐tolerated. With the capabilities validated here and positive results of the study, this technology appears well‐suited to explore LIFU's efficacy in clinical neuromodulation contexts.
Kinetic investigation on palladium‐catalyzed carbonylation of allyl alcohol
Authors: Tonde Sunil S. , Rajurkar Kalpendra B. , Pagar Nitin S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPalladium‐catalyzed carbonylation of allyl alcohol to 3‐butenoic acid has been investigated. A significant effect of halide promoters, p‐tolylsulfonic acid (TsOH), water, solvents, and PPh3 concentration activity and selectivity has been studied. Detailed kinetics of this reaction was investigated in a temperature range of 363–383 K. The influence of parameters such as stirring speed, allyl alcohol, catalyst, benzyltriethylammonium chloride (BTEAC), TsOH concentrations, and CO partial pressures on the activity and selectivity has been studied. An empirical rate equation was suggested and found to be fairly consistent with observed rate data. In addition, the activation energy and kinetic parameters were evaluated.
FOS‐Mediated PLCB1 Induces Radioresistance and Weakens the Antitumor Effects of CD8+ T Cells in Triple‐Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Shu Yuxian , Lan Jun , Luo Huijing , Fu Huiying , Xiao Xuhuang , Yang Liping 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTRadioresistance and immune evasion are interactive and crucial events leading to treatment failure and progression of human malignancies. This research studies the role of phospholipase C beta 1 (PLCB1) in these events in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and the regulatory mechanism. PLCB1 was bioinformatically predicted as a dysregulated gene potentially linked to radioresistance in TNBC. Parental TNBC cell lines were exposed to fractionated radiation for 6 weeks. PLCB1 expression was decreased in the first 2 weeks but gradually increased from Week 3. PLCB1 knockdown increased the radiosensitivity of the cells, as manifested by a decreased half‐inhibitory dose of irradiation, reduced cell proliferation, apoptosis resistance, mobility, and tumorigenesis in mice. The FOS transcription factor promoted PLCB1 transcription and activated the PI3K/AKT signaling. Knockdown of FOS similarly reduced radioresistance and T cells‐mediated immune evasion. However, the radiosensitivity of TNBC cells and the antitumor effects of CD8+ T cells could be affected by a PI3K/AKT activator or by the PLCB1 upregulation. The PLCB1 or FOS knockdown also suppressed radioresistance and tumorigenesis of the TNBC cells in mice. In conclusion, FOS‐mediated PLCB1 induces radioresistance and weakens the antitumor effects of CD8+ T cells in TNBC by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.