bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clarity of CSR orientation and firm performance: case of Japanese SMEs
Authors: Park YeJin , Park YoungWon , Hong Paul C. , Yang Soye 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine how clarity of corporate social responsibility (CSR) orientation of Japanese small and medium enterprises (SMEs) achieves constructive firm performance outcomes.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of the literature review, the authors present a research model that defines key constructs and provide propositions that explain the interrelationships with theoretical rationale and practical implications. Using careful selection criteria, the authors have further conducted the in-depth interviews of the executives of two prominent Japanese SMEs.FindingsThe results suggest that CEOs with strong CSR orientation are more likely to influence their firms to achieve effective firm performance. If CSR philosophy is strategically formulated, clearly communicated, and widely accepted, then such firm is more likely to attain desirable business performance outcomes for larger stakeholders. Furthermore, CSR implementation of SMEs is not necessarily too costly; in fact, the long-term rate of return on SMEs’ CSR investment, with proper priority and prudent focus, is quite competitive.Research limitations/implicationsIn spite of the specificity of the two case studies, the research model and the study findings give valuable insight on the role of CEO’s philosophy on CSR implementation in the international market. The linkage mechanism between business operation and CSR by these SMEs is applicable to many innovative entrepreneurial firms that target beyond domestic markets.Originality/valueThe authors highlight how the clarity of CSR philosophy in terms of firm orientation and linkage mechanism aids SMEs in overcoming their resource constraints. Furthermore, well-implemented CSR activities may become instrumental in achieving long-term desirable performance in the form of customer loyalty, employee’s sense of pride, and corporate socio-economic reputation.
Analysis and design of lector-based dual-Vt domino logic with reduced leakage current
Authors: Gupta T.K. , Pandey A.K. , Meena O.P. 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a new lector-based domino and examine it with inputs and clock signal combination in a 45-nm dual-threshold footerless domino circuit for reduced leakage current.

Design/methodology/approach
In this technique, p-type and n-type leakage control transistors (LCTs) are introduced between pull-up and pull-down networks, and the gate of one is controlled by the source of the other. A high-threshold transistor is used in the input for reducing gate oxide leakage current, which becomes dominant in nanometre technology. Simulations were based on a 45-nm BISM 4 model using an HSPICE simulator for proposed domino circuits.

Findings
The result shows that CHIL (clock high and input low) state is ineffective for lowering leakage current and the conventional CHIH (clock high and input high) state is only effective to suppress the leakage at low temperature for wide fan-in domino circuits. At high temperature, CLIL (clock low and input low) state is preferable to reduce the leakage current for low fan-in domino, but for high fan-in domino, CHIH state is preferred. The proposed circuit technique for AND2, OR2, OR4 and OR8 circuits reduces the active power consumption by 50.94 to 75.68 per cent and by 64.85 to 86.57 per cent at low and high die temperatures, respectively, when compared to the standard dual-threshold voltage domino logic circuits.

Originality/value
The research proposes a new leakage reduction technique used in domino circuits and also evaluates the state for leakage reduction which can be used for low-power dynamic circuits.
Europe’s 5G field of dreams: if we build it, will they come?
Authors: Forge Simon , Blackman Colin 
Published: June 2017

PurposeProponents of 5G predict a huge market for 5G goods and services with millions of new jobs being created. The purpose of this paper is to make a realistic assessment of the 5G initiative, with a focus on Europe.Design/methodology/approachThe paper reviews the technical, economic and policy literature to analyse the case for 5G in Europe.FindingsThe 5G initiative in Europe, as well as globally, has so far failed to assess objectively the future needs of its customers, whether consumer or business, to articulate a set of sound business cases.Originality/valueThere is little independent assessment of 5G in the academic literature. The paper makes an original contribution through questioning the dominant supply-driven industry perspective.
The impact of board composition on firm performance in the restaurant industry
Authors: Song Sujin , Van Hoof Hubert B. , Park Sungbeen 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis study aimed to investigate the impact of the board composition on financial performance in the restaurant industry from a stewardship theory perspective.Design/methodology/approachThe composition of board was measured as the ratio of inside and outside directors. Firm performance was operationalized as return on assets (operational performance) and Tobin’s q (market-based performance). Panel regression analysis tested the research hypotheses.FindingsUsing data from 25 restaurant firms from 2007 to 2013, the study found an insignificant impact of board composition on operational performance. However, a higher proportion of inside board members increases market-based performance. A higher proportion of outside board members decreases market-based performance.Practical implicationsSupporting the basic tenets of stewardship theory, restaurant companies may consider changing the current practice of having a super-majority of outside directors and increase the inside board members. Because inside board member have greater experience with the organization and the industry, they have a better understanding of the status quo and are better able to respond to opportunities and threats in the environment.Originality/valueConsidering the scarcity of research on how the board composition affects firm performance in the hospitality context, the present study is a forerunner in its exploration of the impact of inside and outside directors on restaurant firms’ performance.
Intersectoral local development in Italy: the cultural, creative and tourism industries
Authors: Della Lucia Maria , Segre Giovanna 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of intersectoriality within the cultural, creative and tourism industries in Italian local development.

Design/methodology/approach
The research design builds on the literature on culture-led development and adapts the established body of empirical research on industrial districts to tourism and cultural development. The quantitative analysis of intersectoral specialization and the clustering of cultural, creative and tourism industries in Italian local labour systems (LLSs) combines specialization indexes with principal component analysis and cluster analysis.

Findings
About 50 per cent of Italian LLSs specialize in the economy of culture and tourism, mostly in material culture, although tourism has the highest level of specialization. There are three main patterns of agglomeration and clustering. The largest cluster is that of the cultural heritage and content and information industries, which coincides with the systems of medium-sized and large cities, followed by systems of tourism monoculture. The smallest is made up of material culture, typically made-in-Italy sectors. The tourism and material culture industries are monocultures – where tourism agglomerates, but material culture does not.

Research limitations/implications
The analytical approach is quantitative and based on Istat’s Industry and Trade (2012) data set. Further studies are needed on the interaction between agglomerated specialized industries.

Originality/value
This paper contributes to the theoretical and political debate on the value generation and innovation potential of culture and creativity, and bridges the knowledge domains of local development and managerial studies. Novel statistical evidence on intersectoral specialization and the clustering of the cultural, creative and tourism sectors in Italy at the inter-municipal level is provided. This study helps to identify an Italian model of the economy of culture and tourism.
Using, spending, wasting and killing time in airports
Authors: Blichfeldt Bodil Stilling , Pumputis Aurimas , Ebba Kiya 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Travelers are both surrounded by and perform places, thus making places ambiguous sites that “come alive” when travelers use them and engage in various performances. A place many travelers pass through is the airport. Airports are places where travelers’ performances are restricted in many ways and waiting is a key element of the airport experience. This paper contributes with knowledge on what airport terminals “are”, not as designs or material objects but as places enacted by travelers. In doing so, the paper aims to emphasize on both how travelers “see” airports and how they use them.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses different qualitative methods and notions of time and waiting. Sources of data are small-scale netnography, focus group interviews, observations done at airports and qualitative interviews.

Findings
The study shows that airport terminals are heterogeneously enacted environments that are heavily inscribed with the mundane act of waiting and travelers use a series of different strategies to “use”, “spend” and “kill” time. Furthermore, whereas more affluent travelers spend waiting time using airports’ commercial offerings (shopping, restaurants, bars, etc.), less affluent travelers do not have the same options.

Research limitations/implications
The research points to airport terminals as not only “places of movement and mobility” but also “places of waiting” inscribed with boredom and travelers actively fight boredom by spending, using and killing time in a variety of ways. Furthermore, the study points to significant differences between affluent travelers and other travelers and differences between people travelling alone and in groups. Therefore, a call is made for research focusing on less affluent travelers, people traveling in groups and on waiting and waiting time.

Practical implications
The study suggests that airports are more than consumerscapes and places of movement, hereby questioning the current focus on commercial revenues.

Social implications
The study points to airport space as space “inhabited” not only by travelers willingly taking on the roles as consumers but also by travelers that kill, spend and use waiting time in other ways, hereby questioning the idea that airports are places for the “elite”.

Originality/value
Travelers associate airports with boredom and inscribe them with waiting. However, travelers “fight” boredom and waiting with performances and acts designed to use, spend, pass and “kill” time. Hereby, travelers not only accept but also construct the seemingly mundane act of waiting as restricted, negotiated and confined, but nevertheless meaningful performances.
How customer’s display of emotions relates to task performance: social interaction model in hospitality
Authors: Nam Seungmin , Shin Hong-Chul 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the emotional cycle of the relationship between service employees and customers using a social interaction model.Design/methodology/approachA total of 22 five-star hotels in Seoul area are selected. The survey was conducted by a mixed mail and visiting format. Of 340 questionnaires distributed, 27 were incomplete and thus eliminated from the study. As a result, 313 questionnaires were accepted for the purpose of final analysis, representing a response rate of 92 per cent.FindingsThe study found that service employees’ orientation and emotions are critical for predicting customers’ display of emotions and ensuring employees’ mood. In addition, employees’ emotions and service orientation have positive relationships with customers’ display of emotions; customers’ display of emotions have positive relationships with employees’ moods and task performance; and employees’ moods have positive relationships with task performance.Research limitations/implicationsA key limitation of this study is that it is difficult to capture precisely the emotions of employees and customers using the five-point Likert scale. Second, there might be representative issue in his study because the survey was limited to brief encounter within in the hotel industry that focused only on five-star hotels in Seoul.Practical implicationsThrough the study, to overcome the emotional labor, this study shows that an answer could lie in the connection between business outcomes and positive mood of employees. Managers should create a good environment for employee to work in a pleasant atmosphere. In addition, during the employee selection process, managers might hire talented and qualified front employees with friendly, courteous and extroverted characteristics.Originality/valueThe essential contribution of this study is that it provides initial empirical support for the social interaction model in an employee and customer service setting in the field of hospitality.
Bootstrap test for process capability indices
Authors: Sadeghpour Gildeh Bahram , Rahimpour Sedigheh , Ghanbarpour Gravi Fatemeh 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to construct a statistical hypotheses test for process capability indices and compare the pairs of them with a fixed sample size.

Design/methodology/approach
Since the sampling distribution of the estimators of pairs of two process capability indices (PCIs) is very complex, an exact statistical hypothesis test for them cannot be constructed. Therefore, the authors have proposed a bootstrap method to construct the hypothesis test for them on the basis of p-value.

Findings
The authors have shown that by increasing n, the bootstrap method has better output relative to other methods and it can be easily implemented. The authors have also demonstrated that sometimes an exact hypotheses test cannot be constructed and need some assumptions.

Originality/value
In the present paper, several methods to test of hypotheses about the difference between two process capability indices have been compared.
Classification of profit-sharing investment accounts
Authors: Suandi Aprilia Beta 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the classification of profit-sharing investment accounts (PSIAs) under various accounting standards, and determine whether Islamic banks maintain uniform practices when the same accounting standards are applied. It also aims to determine whether Islamic banks consider investment account holders (IAHs) important financial statement users by disclosing necessary information pertaining to PSIAs.Design/methodology/approachA sample composed of financial statements from 63 Islamic banks from 15 countries is compared with respect to the information related to PSIAs.FindingsThe results show heterogeneity of classification for PSIAs. Applying the same standards does not lead to the uniform classification of PSIAs when banks apply International Financial Reporting Standards, while financial statements applying Financial Accounting Standards by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions are more similar. The perplexity in classifying PSIAs brings obscurity on the treatment for PSIA-related accounts, particularly returns attributable to IAHs. The fact of fewer disclosures pertaining to PSIAs in Islamic banks – which apply accounting standards not specifically tailored to Islamic finance – suggests that IAHs receive less attention under those accounting standards.Research limitations/implicationsThe main limitation relates to the lack of financial statements available online and the possibility of sample selection bias toward larger Islamic banks.Originality/valueThis research contributes to the limited literature on accounting for PSIAs, and reveals the diversity of reporting methods for unique transactions in Islamic banks and the insufficiency of current accounting standards to guide them, which create possible challenges of comparability.
Brand skill: linking brand functionality with consumer-based brand equity
Authors: Mohan Mayoor , Jiménez Fernando R. , Brown Brian P. , Cantrell Caley 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to explore the relationship between brand functionality and consumer-based brand equity.

Design/methodology/approach
A mixed-methods approach was adopted including a qualitative study and multiple survey-based studies. Mediation and moderated-mediation paths were tested using PROCESS and three-stage least squares simultaneous estimation models.

Findings
Study 1 finds that consumers perceive highly functional brands can enhance their self-competence to perform a task. This phenomenon is labelled brand skill and defined as the extent to which consumers perceive their own performance as emanating from their use of a particular brand. Study 2 finds that brand skill mediates the relationship between brand functionality, brand connection and consumer-based brand equity, while a post hoc study showed that these relationships are robust among private meaning brands. Study 3 demonstrates that these mediated relationships are moderated by the type of dominant benefit the brand provides (i.e. hedonic-versus utilitarian-dominant benefits).

Research limitations/implications
Based on self-determination theory, brand skill is posited as the link between brand functionality, brand connection and consumer-based brand equity.

Practical implications
Brand managers are urged to not overlook the role of brand functionality in favor of other non-functional brand dimensions. Brand functionality enhances consumers’ perceived self-competence and fosters brand connection, especially for brands that offer superior utilitarian benefits.

Originality/value
This is the first study that empirically examines the process by which brand functionality leads to consumer-based brand equity and the role brand skill plays in making that connection.
Consumer evaluations of trend imitation: brand equity, consumer attitudes and preference
Authors: Vogel Areti T. , Watchravesringkan Kittichai 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to uncover consumer evaluations of high-priced traditional retail luxury brands and more affordable neo-mass luxury retail brands when they imitate the innovative designs of one another.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a scenario inspired by a lawsuit involving admitted copying practices, this study used a one-way (time of product introduction: the traditional luxury brand launches the product design before the neo-mass luxury brand vs the neo-mass luxury brand launches the product design before the traditional luxury brand) between-subjects experimental design to examine the effect of time of product introduction (such that consumers are aware of imitation practices) on brand attitude, brand equity (measured via the dimensions of brand associations, brand image, brand credibility and brand leadership) and brand preference.

Findings
Results reveal that consumer awareness of imitation practices is important in determining changes in brand equity, brand attitude and brand preference, regardless of luxury brand type. The research also indicates that consumers evaluate traditional luxury brands that engage in imitation practices more negatively than neo-mass luxury brands that do so.

Research limitations/implications
This research provides a deeper understanding of consumer response to imitation practices, along with managerial insight for luxury brands operating in that sphere. Limitations and future research directions are also offered.

Originality/value
This study appears to be one of the first to investigate imitation practices by using stimuli inspired by a copycat case, and one of few that assesses consumer evaluations of imitation by existing brands.
Utilising Team Recovery Implementation Plan (TRIP): embedding recovery-focused practice in rehabilitation services
Authors: Vacher Geraldine 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide an account of Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust Mental Health Rehabilitation Services’ experience of utilising Team Recovery Implementation Plan (TRIP) as a framework to embed recovery-focused practice. The paper explores the challenges to creating recovery-focused services in inpatient settings and sets out how using TRIP has enabled frontline staff to work in partnership with people who use services and coproduce changes in practice and service development.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on the process of utilising TRIP as a methodology to embed recovery-focused practice.

Findings
The account finds that using TRIP as a framework to embed recovery-focused practice supports frontline staff to work in partnership with people who use services and share responsibility for delivering recovery-oriented services, measure progress and drive change.

Originality/value
The paper provides an informative account of implementing TRIP as a framework to embed recovery-focused practice in mental health rehabilitation services. It explores the challenges faced by services in creating recovery-focused services and sets out how the TRIP has been used by teams as a methodology for coproducing, co-delivering and co-reviewing action plans. The paper gives practical examples of keeping the TRIP process alive and identifies several changes to practice and service developments achieved since TRIP’s implementation.
The future of student life: learning
Authors: King Katie 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
A research project exploring emerging student needs explored six aspects of student life: living, learning, working, playing, connecting and participating. Learning is explored here. New learning models and approaches and changing student expectations could lead to dramatic reshaping of the higher education landscape. The purpose of this paper is to summarize two scenarios about the learning domain from the Student Needs 2025+ project and highlight implications for the future of higher education.

Design/methodology/approach
A modified version of the University of Houston’s “Framework Foresight” method was used to explore the future of six aspects of future student life.

Findings
Students will increasingly gravitate toward new learning models focused on experiential learning, taking advantage of advanced “edutech” and aimed at achieving specific outcomes. They will seek personalized learning approaches specific to their needs, and they will be increasingly willing to look outside the traditional higher education system if needed. The landscape will be characterized by power struggles: between the traditional players and the new entrants, between institutions and students and between competing philosophies of learning.

Research limitations/implications
In terms of research limitations, the paper is focused on the needs of students and does not purport to be an exhaustive analysis of all the issues influencing higher education. It views the future of higher education through the lens of students and their emerging needs.

Practical implications
The paper is intended for educators, researchers and administrators to provide insight on how the needs of students, their key customers, are evolving.

Originality/value
This research explores student life in its totality as way to more accurately identify student needs in the future.