bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of disappearing lesions after chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases: Relation between detectability and residual tumors
Authors: Tani Keigo , Shindoh Junichi , Akamatsu Nobuhisa , Arita Junichi , Kaneko Junichi , Sakamoto Yoshihiro , Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Kokudo Norihiro 
Published: September 2017

Background and ObjectivesTo clarify the detectability of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylene‐triamine pantaacetic acid enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (EOB‐MRI) and contrast‐enhanced intraoperative‐ultrasonography (CE‐IOUS) for residual disease in disappearing colorectal liver metastases (DLMs) and to seek a better management for DLMs.MethodsEighty‐two patients who underwent hepatectomy after chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastases were retrospectively reviewed. Lesions which disappear on post‐chemotherapy contrast‐enhance CT were defined as DLMs. All the patients underwent EOB‐MRI and CE‐IOUS. With pathologic evaluation for resected specimens and clinical observation of anatomically corresponding site for non‐resected lesions, detectability of residual disease in DLMs were estimated between these two imaging modalities.ResultsTwenty (18%) patients presented with 111 DLMs, and EOB‐MRI and CE‐IOUS identified 64 (57.6%) and 62 (55.9%), respectively. Residual disease was pathologically confirmed for 69.2% in resected specimens and clinically estimated in 33.3% for non‐resected DLMs. EOB‐MRI showed a higher accuracy of prediction of residual disease compared with CE‐IOUS (0.90 vs 0.70). Of the 11 non‐resected lesions which were undetected with CE‐IOUS and regrew after surgery, 9 (81.8%) were detected on EOB‐MRI.ConclusionsEOB‐MRI may be superior to CE‐IOUS in detecting residual tumors for DLMs. Maximum attempt of resection would be needed for visualized lesions in EOB‐MRI.
Nationwide, population‐based study of post radical prostatectomy urinary incontinence correction surgery
Authors: Ventimiglia Eugenio , Folkvaljon Yasin , Carlsson Stefan , Bratt Ola , Montorsi Francesco , Volz Daniela , Akre Olof , Johansson Eva , Stattin Pär 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the use of post radical prostatectomy (RP) urinary incontinence (PPI) surgery and to investigate factors related to its use.MethodsCohort study in Prostate Cancer database Sweden (PCBaSe) of men who underwent primary RP between 1998 and 2012. PPI correction procedures were identified in the Patient Registry. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of PPI surgeries were estimated.ResultsSeven hundred eighty‐two out of 26 280 (3%) men underwent PPI surgery at a median time of 3 years after RP. There was an eightfold increase in the absolute number of PPI surgeries during 2000‐2014 and a threefold increase in the number per 1000 RPs performed. Factors associated with high use PPI surgery were age >70, HR 1.96 (1.54‐2.50), and high hospital RP volume (>100 RPs/year), HR 0.81 (0.66‐0.99). There was a 10‐fold difference in use of PPI surgery per 1000 RPs between the county with the highest versus lowest use. In a subgroup of men with Patient‐Reported Outcome Measures (PROM); severe PPI was reported by 7% of men and 24% of them underwent PPI surgery.ConclusionsThree percent of all men received PPI surgery, with a 10‐fold variation among health care providers. Only a quarter of men with severe PPI underwent PPI surgery, suggesting that PPI surgery remains underutilized.
Assessment of the Fetal Cerebral Artery: Importance of Doppler Preset Settings
Authors: Wibbeke Denis , Hammer Kerstin , Möllers Mareike , Braun Janina , Köster Helen Ann , Falkenberg Maria Karina , Oelmeier de Murcia Kathrin , Borowski Matthias , Klockenbusch Walter , Schmitz Ralf 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThe Doppler assessment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) has a central role in the monitoring of high‐risk pregnancies. The objective of this study was to investigate the importance of Doppler preset settings for measurement of the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and pulsatility index (PI) of the MCA.MethodsThe PI and PSV of the MCA were determined prospectively in 350 healthy fetuses between 19 and 42 weeks of pregnancy. The first measurement of the MCA (MCA.S) was performed with the conventional settings and the second (MCA.O) with an optimized setting of the maximum achievable frame rate. For the MCA.O measurement, the width of the B‐mode image and the color Doppler window were adjusted as narrowly as possible. In addition, the MCA was shown in optimized high‐definition zoom. Resulting values were compared with commonly used reference values.ResultsThe PSV and PI values and frame rates of the MCA.O setting were noticeably greater than those of the MCA.S setting (P < .001 for all). For both settings, the PSV and PI values were increased compared to common reference values.ConclusionsThe assessment of the MCA with the optimized Doppler default setting yielded increased PSV and PI values compared to the commonly used measurement technique. Moreover, the resulting median curves differed from the established median reference curves. Therefore, an updated standardization for measuring the MCA should be set out, and current reference values should be adjusted.
Multi‐objective Optimization of Benzamide Derivatives as Rho Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Cardoso Gajo Giovanna , Rodrigues Silva Daniela , Barigye Stephen J. , da Cunha Elaine Fontes Ferreira 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDespite recent advances in Computer Aided Drug Discovery and High Throughput Screening, the attrition rates of drug candidates continue to be high, underscoring the inherent complexity of the drug discovery paradigm. Indeed, a compromise between several objectives is often required to obtain successful clinical drugs. The present manuscript details a multi‐objective workflow that integrates the 4D‐QSAR and molecular docking methods in the simultaneous modeling of the Rho Kinase inhibitory activity and acute toxicity of Benzamide derivatives. To this end, the pIC50/pLD50ratio is considered as the response variable, permitting the concurrent modeling of both properties and representing a shift from classical step‐by‐step evaluations. The 4D‐QSAR strategy is used to generate the Grid Cell Occupancy Descriptors (GCODs), and Stochastic Gradient Boosting (SGB) and Partial Least Squares (PLS) methods as the model fitting techniques. While the statistical parameters for the PLS model do not meet established criteria for acceptability, the SGB model yields satisfactory performance, with correlation coefficients r2=0.95 and r2pred=0.65 for the training and test set, respectively. Posteriorly, the structural interpretation of the most relevant GCODs according to the SGB model is performed, allowing for the proposal of 139 novel benzamide derivatives, which are then screened using the same model. Of these 9 compounds were predicted to possess pIC50/pLD50ratio values higher than those for the employed dataset. Finally, in order to corroborate the results obtained with the SGB model, a docking simulation was formed to evaluate the binding affinity of the proposed molecules to the ROCK2 active site and 3 chemical structures (i. e. p6, p14 and p131) showed higher binding affinity than the most active compound in the training set, while the rest generally demonstrated comparable behavior. It may therefore be concluded that the consensus models that intertwine the 4D‐QSAR and molecular docking methods contribute to more reliable virtual screening and compound optimization experiments. Additionally, the use of multi‐objective modeling schemes permits the simultaneous evaluation of different chemical and biological profiles, which should contribute to the controla prioriof causative factors for the high attrition rates in later drug discovery phases.
Comparing excitability at 37°C versus at 20°C: Differences between motor and sensory axons
Authors: Kovalchuk Maria O. , Franssen Hessel , Van Schelven Leonard J. , Sleutjes Boudewijn T. H. M. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionIn some peripheral nervous system disorders, cold induces symptoms of muscle weakness without loss of sensation. To understand this selective effect on motor function, it is first essential to delineate the effects of cooling in motor and sensory axons of healthy subjects.MethodsIn 17 healthy volunteers, we performed excitability and clinical tests of median nerve motor and sensory axons at 37°C and at 20°C. Clinical tests consisted of assessing thenar muscle strength, 2‐point discrimination, and joint position sense of the third finger.ResultsExcitability tests showed that cooling induced opposite changes to hyperpolarizing current in threshold electrotonus (motor, decreased threshold change; sensory, increased threshold change) and current–voltage relation slopes (motor, steepening; sensory, less steep). Clinical tests showed worsening in motor function but no consistent changes in sensory function.DiscussionCooling induces changes in motor axons consistent with depolarization and more complicated changes in sensory axons, possibly related to differences in hyperpolarization‐activated cyclic nucleotide‐gated channel expression. Muscle Nerve 57: 574–580, 2018
Trends in urodynamic testing prior to midurethral sling placement—What was the value of the VALUE trial?
Authors: Lloyd Jessica C. , Dielubanza Elodi , Goldman Howard B. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundMany urologists use urodynamic testing (UDS) to assist clinical decision‐making. The VALUE study, a multi‐institutional, randomized controlled trial published in 2012, demonstrated that UDS prior to midurethral sling placement for uncomplicated stress urinary incontinence (SUI) did not change management. We sought to determine whether use of UDS for evaluation of SUI diminished thereafter.MethodsRecords of patients who underwent isolated mid‐urethral sling surgery at our tertiary‐care referral center from 2008 to 2009 (pre‐VALUE) and 2014 to 2016 (post‐VALUE) were reviewed. Comorbidities, presenting symptoms, surgeon specialty, use of UDS, UDS results and sling type were recorded. Patients with neurologic comorbidities or prior anti‐incontinence procedures were excluded. Descriptive statistics were calculated and multivariable logistic regression analyses performed.ResultsThree hundred and eighty‐seven patients met inclusion criteria. Median age was 54 years. Patients most frequently presented with stress urinary incontinence (56% pre, 50% post), followed by stress predominant mixed urinary incontinence (40% pre, 48% post, P = 0.09). Before VALUE, UDS was performed in 70% of patients prior to primary sling; in the later cohort, this decreased to 41% (P < 0.0001). On multivariable analysis, provider specialty (P < 0.0001) and belonging to the pre‐VALUE cohort (P = < 0.0001) predicted use of UDS prior to sling.ConclusionIt is paramount that new data be incorporated into diagnostic and treatment algorithms. We found that the rate of preoperative urodynamic testing decreased after publication of a randomized‐controlled trial demonstrating that these studies did not change procedural decision‐making. Future studies that identify instances of over‐testing may have the ability to positively impact patient care and contain costs.
Initiator‐free atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate based on FeBr3(PPh3)n system
Authors: Yang Danfeng , Wang Jirong , Han Jianyu , Khan Mohd Yusuf , Xie Xiaolin , Xue Zhigang 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTA tricomponent system, constituting monomer (methyl methacrylate, MMA), higher oxidation state transition‐metal catalyst (FeBr3) and a ligand (triphenylphosphine, PPh3), MMA/FeBr3/PPh3 system without external initiator (alkyl halide) has been studied extensively with different spectroscopic analyses. To figure out the mechanism, a series of explicit model reactions were conducted with a molar ratio of [MMA]0/[FeBr3]0/[PPh3]0 = 200/1/n (n = 0.1–3.0) at 80 °C, and the corresponding polymerization behaviors were investigated. Combined with theoretical deduction and spectroscopic evidences, the composition of the in‐situ generated initiators was gradually confirmed, which were redox products of FeBr3 and PPh3. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 3842–3850
Longitudinal change of sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio in singleton pregnancy with early‐onset fetal growth restriction
Authors: Herraiz I. , Quezada M. S. , Rodriguez‐Calvo J. , Gómez‐Montes E. , Villalaín C. , Galindo A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo describe the evolution of soluble fms‐like tyrosine kinase‐1 to placental growth factor (sFlt‐1/PlGF) ratio in the last 5 weeks prior to delivery in singleton pregnancy complicated by early‐onset fetal growth restriction (FGR), with or without pre‐eclampsia (PE).MethodsThis was a prospective observational cohort study of early‐onset FGR cases that underwent serial assessment of maternal serum sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio from diagnosis to delivery. Measurements were made at weekly intervals and within the last 48 h before birth. Absolute values and percentage increase between time intervals were computed, and previously described cut‐off values of 38 (suspicion of PE), 85 (aids diagnosis of PE) and 655 (high risk for imminent delivery) were used for analysis of the sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio. We compared findings between cases with early‐onset FGR only (n = 37) and those that additionally developed PE (n = 36).ResultsOverall perinatal survival was 63/73 (86.3%). A sFlt‐1/PlGF ratio above 38 was observed 4 weeks before delivery in most FGR‐only and FGR with PE cases (73% and 100%, respectively), but absolute values of sFlt‐1/PlGF were significantly higher in FGR cases with PE. Extremely elevated values of the ratio (≥ 655) within the last 48 h before delivery were found in 65% of cases of FGR with PE, but in only 8% of isolated FGR cases (P < 0.001).ConclusionElevated sFlt‐1/PlGF was observed in most early‐onset FGR pregnancies from 4 weeks before delivery, and values were even higher if there was concurrent PE. However, serial measurements of the ratio were of limited value, being useful only to anticipate the need for imminent delivery in cases of FGR with PE when sFlt‐1/PlGF values ≥ 655 were reached. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix: retrospective cohort study and systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: di Pasquo E. , Kuleva M. , O'Gorman N. , Ville Y. , Salomon L. J. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate the ultrasound characteristics and outcome of pregnancies with fetal intra‐abdominal umbilical vein varix (FIUVV).MethodsCases of FIUVV managed at our tertiary university hospital over an 8‐year period were reviewed. Information retrieved included gestational age and diameter of the umbilical varix at diagnosis, increase in varix diameter, associated ultrasound or chromosomal anomalies and pregnancy outcome. Furthermore, a systematic review and meta‐analysis of series of FIUVV in the literature was performed to assess the incidence of chromosomal anomalies, small‐for‐gestational age infants and intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD), and to pool odds ratio (OR) estimates on the relationship between the incidence of these outcomes and the presence of additional associated ultrasound anomalies.ResultsThirteen cases of FIUVV were included in the cohort study. Additional ultrasound anomalies were found in two (15.4%) of 13 cases. One case of IUFD was observed and no case of chromosomal anomaly or thrombosis of varix was recorded. A total of five studies comprising 254 cases met the inclusion criteria of the systematic review. FIUVV was associated with additional ultrasound anomalies (non‐isolated FIUVV) in 19% (95% CI, 10.9–29.1%) of cases. No case of chromosomal abnormality or IUFD was reported in fetuses with isolated FIUVV. In contrast, in the group of non‐isolated FIUVV, the incidence of chromosomal anomalies was 19.6% and that of IUFD was 7.3%, with ORs of 14.8 (95% CI, 2.9–73.0) and 8.2 (95% CI, 1.05–63.1), respectively, when compared with the group of isolated FIUVV.ConclusionWhen isolated, the outcome of cases affected by FIUVV is usually favorable. In about 20% of cases, additional ultrasound anomalies are found, which are associated with an increased risk for chromosomal abnormalities and IUFD. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Composition of cladoceran dormant stages in intermittent ponds with different hydroperiod lengths
Authors: Stenert Cristina , Wüsth Regiane , Pires Mateus Marques , Freiry Raquel Fontoura , Nielsen Daryl , Maltchik Leonardo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDormancy is an adaptive mechanism found in cladoceran species to tolerate hydrologic fluctuations in temporary habitats. However, the effects of hydroperiod length on invertebrate community structure remain not fully understood. In this study, we conducted an experiment to assess changes in community structure of dormant stages of cladoceran species among ponds with different hydroperiods. Dry sediment samples were collected from intermittent ponds in southern Brazil, posteriorly assigned to three hydroperiod categories (long, medium and short). We tested for differences in the richness and composition of emerging cladoceran species along this hydroperiod gradient. Nine species emerged over the experiment, and cladoceran community structure changed among hydroperiods. Cladoceran richness was higher in medium‐ than in short‐ and long‐hydroperiod ponds. In addition, the composition of cladoceran species changed significantly between short‐ and long‐hydroperiod ponds. Our results indicated that changes in hydroperiod of intermittent ponds influenced the dormant stages of Cladocera, an important result regarding future predicted changes in hydric regime of freshwater ecosystems due to human‐induced climate change. We propose that desiccation‐resistant cladoceran species are likely to predominate and that richness of egg banks tends to be higher in ponds that hold water for periods shorter than 1 year.
A new radiodontan oral cone with a unique combination of anatomical features from the early Cambrian Guanshan Lagerstätte, eastern Yunnan, South China
Authors: Zeng Han , Zhao Fangchen , Yin Zongjun , Zhu Maoyan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe radiodontans, including anomalocaridids and their allies, are enigmatic stem-group euarthropods and are the most ancient apex giant predators known from the fossil record. Most studies on their feeding behaviors have emphasized their diverse and abundant raptorial frontal appendages, while the oral cone surrounding the mouth opening in these animals has attracted less attention. At present, three oral cone morphotypes are known, fromAnomalocarisWhiteaves, 1892,PeytoiaWalcott, 1911, andHurdiaWalcott, 1912, respectively. In this paper, we report on a novel form of radiodontan oral cone from the Guanshan Lagerstätte (Cambrian Series 2, Stage 4) in the Wulongqing Formation, eastern Yunnan, South China. This oral cone is unique in combining features seen inPeytoia/HurdiaandAnomalocaris. It possesses aPeytoia/Hurdia-type ‘tetraradial’ configuration comprising a 32-plate outer ring that consists of four perpendicularly arranged large plates and 28 small plates, in addition to furrowed folds and scale-like nodes on plate surfaces otherwise seen only inAnomalocaris. As an intermediate morphotype, the Guanshan oral cone improves our understanding of the occurrence and morphological disparity of radiodontan oral cones, illuminates future investigations on potentially variable radiodontan feeding mechanisms, and reveals possible evolutionary transformations of these peculiar feeding structures. The resolution of current radiodontan phylogeny would be potentially improved by new knowledge on other body parts apart from frontal appendages in future studies.
A priori-defined diet quality indices, biomarkers and risk for type 2 diabetes in five ethnic groups: the Multiethnic Cohort
Authors: Jacobs Simone , Boushey Carol J. , Franke Adrian A. , Shvetsov Yurii B. , Monroe Kristine R. , Haiman Christopher A. , Kolonel Laurence N. , Le Marchand Loic , Maskarinec Gertraud 
Published: September 2017

AbstractDietary indices have been related to risk for type 2 diabetes (T2D) predominantly in white populations. The present study evaluated this association in the ethnically diverse Multiethnic Cohort and examined four diet quality indices in relation to T2D risk, homoeostatic model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and biomarkers of dyslipidaemia, inflammation and adipokines. The T2D analysis included 166 550 white, African American, Native Hawaiian, Japanese American and Latino participants (9200 incident T2D cases). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline using a quantitative FFQ and T2D status was based on three self-reports and confirmed by administrative data. Biomarkers were assessed about 10 years later in a biomarker subcohort (n10 060). Sex- and ethnicity-specific hazard ratios were calculated for the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH). Multivariable-adjusted means of biomarkers were compared across dietary index tertiles in the biomarker subcohort. The AHEI-2010, aMED (in men only) and DASH scores were related to a 10–20 % lower T2D risk, with the strongest associations in whites and the direction of the relationships mostly consistent across ethnic groups. Higher scores on the four indices were related to lower HOMA-IR, TAG and C-reactive protein concentrations, not related to leptin, and the DASH score was directly associated with adiponectin. The AHEI-2010 and DASH were directly related to HDL-cholesterol in women. Potential underlying biological mechanisms linking diet quality and T2D risk are an improved lipid profile and reduced systemic inflammation and, with regards to DASH alone, an improved adiponectin profile.
The relationship between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions
Authors: Keppler H , Degeest S , Dhooge I 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectives:Chronic tinnitus is associated with reduced auditory input, which results in changes in the central auditory system. This study aimed to examine the relationship between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. For audiometry, the parameters represented the edge frequency of hearing loss, the frequency of maximum hearing loss and the frequency range of hearing loss. For distortion product otoacoustic emissions, the parameters were the frequency of lowest distortion product otoacoustic emission amplitudes and the frequency range of reduced distortion product otoacoustic emissions.Method:Sixty-seven patients (45 males, 22 females) with subjective chronic tinnitus, aged 18 to 73 years, were included.Results:No correlation was found between tinnitus pitch and parameters of audiometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. However, tinnitus pitch fell mostly within the frequency range of hearing loss.Conclusion:The current study seems to confirm the relationship between tinnitus pitch and the frequency range of hearing loss, thus supporting the homeostatic plasticity model.