bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iatrogenic cholesteatoma arising from the vascular strip
Authors: Sweeney Alex D. , Hunter Jacob B. , Haynes David S. , Driscoll Colin L.W. , Rivas Alejandro , Vrabec Jeffrey T. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo highlight the phenomenon of cholesteatoma arising from the vascular strip following tympanoplasty and tympanomastoidectomy.Study DesignMulti‐institutional retrospective chart review.MethodsConsecutive adult and pediatric patients evaluated between 2000 and 2015 with acquired cholesteatoma arising from the skin of a prior vascular strip were identified. Patients with evidence of residual or recurrent cholesteatoma elsewhere in the middle ear, mastoid, or ear canal were excluded.ResultsSeventeen cases (71% female, 53% right‐sided) were identified, and the mean age at presentation was 39.2 years. Patients presented on average 12.9 years following prior otologic surgery, which was most commonly tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy (59%). However, younger patients presented with symptoms sooner following prior surgery (r = 0.61, r2 = 0.37, P = 0.0095). The most common presenting symptom was otorrhea (76%). All patients were found to have mastoid cholesteatoma with bony erosion, and three patients exhibited additional tegmen or posterior fossa bone defects. The middle ear was not involved with cholesteatoma in any case. A canal wall down procedure was performed due to extensive bony canal erosion in 29% of cases.ConclusionThe vascular strip is an uncommon source of iatrogenic cholesteatoma that can present years following an otherwise uncomplicated otologic surgery. The findings presented herein highlight the importance of careful vascular strip orientation at the conclusion of otologic surgery.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 127:698–701, 2017
Effects of Surface Deactivation of Carbon Black on Thermomechanical Sensitivity of Filler Networks in Rubber Compounds
Authors: Tunnicliffe Lewis B. , Thomas Alan G. , Busfield James J. C. 
Published: June 2016

The strain and thermal dependence of the dynamic mechanical properties of carbon black filler networks underpin the performance of many rubber components. These effects are examined by varying the surface energetics of carbon black. This has a profound influence on the level of flocculation of the carbon black network in the final crosslinked compounds. Filler networks comprised of thermally deactivated carbon blacks are significantly more strain‐sensitive – shifting the onset of the Payne effect to smaller dynamic strains. Using free vibration equipment to precisely probe the thermal sensitivity of the linear viscoelastic properties of the filled compounds, it is shown that carbon black deactivation results in carbon black networks which are more thermally sensitive than corresponding unmodified carbon black networks. Increased thermal dependence of the dynamic moduli results in the appearance of a secondary increase in tan δ as a function of increasing temperature well above the rubber Tg – which is not correlated with any thermal transitions in calorimetric experiments. Such effects are prevalent in the relevant literature for various rubber–filler combinations but their physical origins are often misinterpreted or unexplained. A rationalization of these effects based on the dynamics of the filler network is presented.
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The effect of parental age on the presence of de novo mutations – Lessons from neurofibromatosis type I
Authors: Dubov Tom , Toledano‐Alhadef Hagit , Bokstein Felix , Constantini Shlomi , Ben‐Shachar Shay 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundNeurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is the most common autosomal dominant neurocutaneous disease with a prevalence of 1:2500. Approximately, 50% of the cases are sporadic. Advanced paternal age is associated with germline mutations and autosomal diseases. We aimed to use NF1 as a paradigm to study the effect of parental age on sporadic mutation rates for both advanced and younger parental ages.MethodsThe medical charts of 118 NF1 pediatric patients followed in a specialized Israeli NF1 clinic were evaluated. Thirty‐one cases were diagnosed by genetic tests and 87 by NIH clinical criteria. Sixty‐four cases (54%) had a negative family history of NF1 (sporadic cases). Data on parental ages at the time of the children's birth were compared to the national population database.ResultsParental age of children with sporadic NF1 was higher than the general population (32.7 years vs. 30.1 years, respectively, for the mothers and 36.5 years vs. 32.6 years, respectively, for the fathers; P < 0.0001 for both groups). In contrast, the age of the mothers and the fathers in the familial cases (30.3 and 33.9 years, respectively) did not differ from the general population. Significantly, fewer fathers of the sporadic group had been 25–29 years old at their child's birth compared with fathers in the general population (7.8% vs. 21%, respectively, P = 0.009), and significantly more fathers were ≥40 years old (29.7% vs. 13.6%, respectively, P = 0.0002). Differences in maternal age between these two groups were less prominent.ConclusionParents of sporadic NF1 cases are older. The risk for sporadic NF1 was lower when the fathers were younger at the time of the affected child's birth, and gradually increased with paternal age.
A Study of the Gas Phase Polymerization of Propylene: The Impact of Catalyst Treatment, Injection Conditions and the Presence of Alkanes on Polymerization and Polymer Properties
Authors: Martins Ana R. , Cancelas Aarón J. , McKenna Timothy F. L. 
Published: June 2016

Propylene is polymerized in the gas phase in a 2.5 L semibatch reactor using a commercially available supported Ziegler–Natta (ZN) catalyst. The mode of injection (wet vs dry), the impact of including a prepolymerization step, and of changing the composition of the gas phase are systematically investigated in terms of their influence on the instantaneous polymerization rate and polymer properties. Prepolymerization is observed to enhance the polymerization activity. This is attributed, at least in part, to the effect of prepolymerization step in decreasing local particle overheating in the initial instants of reaction. Furthermore, a noticeable decrease of the catalyst activity is observed when the catalyst is injected dry as compared to when is first wetted with paraffinic oil before being charged to the reactor. Adding a hydrocarbon to the catalyst can eventually reduce the risk of overheating during the critical initial instants of polymerization since it increases resistance of the diffusion of monomer to the active sites, acting as an “in situ” prepolymerization. Methods that increased the productivity also lead to an improvement of the powder morphology. Finally, it is found that adding vaporized iso‐hexane to the gas phase provokes an increase in the instantaneous polymerization rate, and increases the impact of hydrogen on the rate and molecular weight.
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The PTPN22 gene is associated with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy
Authors: Maundrell Adam , Lester Sue , Rischmueller Maureen , Hill Catherine , Cleland Leslie G. , Blumbergs Peter , Wiese Michael , Limaye Vidya 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionThe aim of this study was to determine whether a single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; 1858CT, R620W) in the protein tyrosine phosphatase N22 (PTPN22) gene confers susceptibility to idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) in South Australian patients with IIM. Methods: Genotyping was performed on stored DNA from 199 patients with histologically confirmed polymyositis (PM), dermatomyositis (DM), and inclusion body myositis (IBM), and then compared with 455 matched controls. Associations with the 8.1 ancestral haplotype (AH), and myositis‐specific (MSA) and myositis‐associated (MAA) autoantibodies were investigated. Results: The PTPN22 R620W minor allele frequency was increased in IIM patients (50 of 398, 12.6%) compared with controls (75 of 910, 8.2%) (odds ratio 1.6, 95% confidence interval 1.1–2.3, P = 0.016). In IIM patients, there was no association between the R620W minor allele and detection of any MSA/MAA (P = 0.70), nor any evidence of epistasis with the 8.1 AH (P = 0.69). Conclusions: The PTPN22 R620W minor allele is associated with susceptibility to IIM in SA patients, independent of the 8.1 AH. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 270–273, 2017
Peripheral nerve high‐resolution ultrasound in diabetes
Authors: Breiner Ari , Qrimli Mohammad , Ebadi Hamid , Alabdali Majed , Lovblom Leif E. , Abraham Alon , Albulahi Hana , Perkins Bruce A. , Bril Vera 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIntroductionHigh‐resolution ultrasound (HRU) is used in the diagnosis of peripheral neuropathies. There are conflicting data regarding HRU findings in patients with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP). Our purpose in this study was to measure nerve cross‐sectional areas (CSAs) in patients with diabetes, with and without DSP. Methods: We performed a prospective peripheral nerve HRU study of 100 diabetic subjects, assessed the CSA at predefined sites, and compared the results with those of 100 normal subjects. We evaluated the use of individual CSA values and various summary scores for diagnosis of DSP. Results: Diabetic subjects had higher CSA values than healthy volunteers, and those with DSP had higher CSA values. Three or more enlarged CSA sites predicted DSP with 64% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Conclusions: Peripheral nerves are enlarged diffusely in diabetic patients, including sites not susceptible to bony compression. The number of enlarged CSA values can help predict the presence of DSP. Muscle Nerve, 2016 Muscle Nerve 55: 171–178, 2017
Nobelpreise für Chemie und Medizin 1997
Authors: Maelicke Alfred 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVom diesjährigen Nobelpreis für Chemie ging eine Hälfte für die Synthese und Nutzung des Adenosintriphosphats (ATP) an Paul D. Boyer, University of California, Los Angeles, USA, und John E. Walker, Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, Großbrit., die andere Hälfte an Jens C. Skou, Aarhus University, Dänemark, für die Entdeckung der Na+, K+‐ATPase (Natriumpumpe). Den Nobelpreis für Medizin oder Physiologie erhielt Stanley B. Prusiner, University of California, School of Medicine, San Francisco, USA, für die Entdeckung der Prionen.
Elektroanalytiker in Warnemünde
Authors: Schneider André , Jasinski Markus 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDas 3. Doktorandentreffen der Elektroanalytiker gab mit den vielen angesprochenen Themengebieten einen repräsentativen Überblick über die Forschungsschwerpunkte der elektroanalytischen Chemie in Deutschland. Die jungen Wissenschaftler nutzten die Gelegenheit für intensive Diskussionen.
Immunoassays für die Umweltanalytik
Authors: Weller Michael G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractImmunologische Verfahren, vor allem attraktiv aufgrund niedriger Kosten und geringen Zeitaufwands, haben sich im Umweltbereich bisher noch nicht durchsetzen können. Der zu erwartende Innovationsschub durch gentechnische Methoden und chemometrische Auswertung wird ihnen jedoch den Weg ins Standardrepertoire des Umweltanalytikers ebnen.
Office für Chemiker
Authors: Hartmann Michael , Demleitner Bernhard , Koch Rainer 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDas Programmpaket ChemOffice von Cambridge Soft vereint 2D‐Formelzeichnung, 3D‐Molecular Modelling und Datenbankrecherchen. Die einzelnen Programme zeichnen sich durch leichte Bedienbarkeit, hohe Funktionalität und ansprechende Visualisierungsmöglichkeiten aus und sind gleichermaßen für Labor‐ und Computerchemiker geeignet.
Berufsforum in Wien
Authors: Amoneit Frank 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVeranstaltungen zu Fragen des Berufseinstiegs haben in Zeiten eines bekannt schwierigen Arbeitsmarkts für Absolventen besondere Bedeutung und sind deshalb regelmäßig sehr gut besucht. So war auch das Audimax der TU Wien zu Beginn des Berufsforums „Chancen für Chemiker – Informationen für Studierende und Absolventen”︁ im Rahmen der 26. GDCh Hauptversammlung und der 100‐Jahr‐Feier der GÖCH gut gefüllt.
Minimizing the false alarm rate in systems with transient abnormality
Authors: Wang Jue 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe consider a stochastic partially observable system that can switch between a normal state and a transient abnormal state before entering a persistent abnormal state. Only the persistent abnormal state requires alarms. The transient and persistent abnormal states may be similar in appearance, which can result in excess false alarms. We propose a partially observable Markov decision process model to minimize the false alarm rate, subject to a given upper bound on the expected alarm delay time. The cost parameter is treated as the Lagrange multiplier, which can be estimated from the bound of the alarm delay. We show that the optimal policy has a control‐limit structure on the probability of persistent abnormality, and derive closed‐form bounds for the control limit and present an algorithm to specify the Lagrange multiplier. We also study a specialized model where the transient and persistent abnormal states have the same observation distribution, in which case an intuitive “watchful‐waiting” policy is optimal. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 63: 320–334, 2016
Relapsed/refractory pediatric B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma treated with rituximab combination therapy: A report from the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group
Authors: Osumi Tomoo , Mori Tetsuya , Fujita Naoto , Saito Akiko M. , Nakazawa Atsuko , Tsurusawa Masahito , Kobayashi Ryoji 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundPediatric relapsed/refractory (R/R) B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL) has been reported to be extremely difficult to cure, but rituximab is expected to be effective in improving the prognosis of pediatric R/R B‐NHL patients. Here, we assessed the treatment and prognosis of pediatric R/R B‐NHL in the rituximab era in Japan.MethodsWe collected information on patients with R/R B‐NHL who were registered with the Japanese Pediatric Leukemia/Lymphoma Study Group (JPLSG) B‐NHL03 protocol, a nationwide multicenter trial for newly diagnosed patients. We assessed the treatment and outcome of 33 pediatric R/R B‐NHL cases.ResultsTwenty‐eight patients received rituximab combination therapy as salvage treatment. R‐ICE (rituximab, ifosfamide, carboplatin, and etoposide), the most common regimen, was used in 22 patients as first‐line salvage therapy. Twenty‐three patients received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Among all 33 patients, 23 (70.0%) achieved partial remission or complete remission. Their 5‐year overall survival rate was 48.5%, which was far superior to that in both our previous study and in another study on pediatric R/R B‐NHL. Four toxic deaths associated with viral infection occurred after allogeneic HSCT following on rituximab combined salvage therapy. Risk factor multivariate analysis for survival in patients receiving rituximab combination therapy showed central nervous system combined relapse had inferior outcome.ConclusionsThe prognosis of pediatric R/R B‐NHL in a Japanese cohort remained poor but is showing improvement in the rituximab era. Rituximab combination therapy is effective for R/R B‐NHL patients who did not receive rituximab as primary treatment. We need to consider possible viral infections in allogeneic HSCT after rituximab treatment.
Simultaneous Quantification of Seven Bioactive Flavonoids in Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium by Ultra‐Fast Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Zhao Lian‐hua , Zhao Hong‐zheng , Zhao Xue , Kong Wei‐jun , Hu Yi‐chen , Yang Shi‐hai , Yang Mei‐hua 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionCitri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP) is a commonly‐used traditional Chinese medicine with flavonoids as the major bioactive components. Nevertheless, the contents of the flavonoids in CRP of different sources may significantly vary affecting their therapeutic effects. Thus, the setting up of a reliable and comprehensive quality assessment method for flavonoids in CRP is necessary.ObjectiveTo set up a rapid and sensitive ultra‐fast liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UFLC‐MS/MS) method for simultaneous quantification of seven bioactive flavonoids in CRP.MethodsA UFLC‐MS/MS method coupled to ultrasound‐assisted extraction was developed for simultaneous separation and quantification of seven flavonoids including hesperidin, neohesperidin, naringin, narirutin, tangeretin, nobiletin and sinensetin in 16 batches of CRP samples from different sources in China.ResultsThe established method showed good linearity for all analytes with correlation coefficient (R) over 0.9980, together with satisfactory accuracy, precision and reproducibility. Furthermore, the recoveries at the three spiked levels were higher than 89.71% with relative standard deviations (RSDs) lower than 5.19%. The results indicated that the contents of seven bioactive flavonoids in CRP varied significantly among different sources. Among the samples under study, hesperidin showed the highest contents in 16 samples ranged from 27.50 to 86.30 mg/g, the contents of hesperidin in CRP‐15 and CRP‐9 were 27.50 and 86.30 mg/g, respectively, while, the amount of narirutin was too low to be measured in some samples.ConclusionThis study revealed that the developed UFLC‐MS/MS method was simple, sensitive and reliable for simultaneous quantification of multi‐components in CRP with potential perspective for quality control of complex matrices. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In situ Identification of Labile Precursor Compounds and their Short‐lived Intermediates in Plants using in vivo Nanospray High‐resolution Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Chang Qing , Peng Yue'e , Shi Bin , Dan Conghui , Yang Yijun , Shuai Qin 
Published: June 2016

IntroductionMany secondary metabolites in plants are labile compounds which under environmental stress, are difficult to detect and track due to the lack of rapid in situ identification techniques, making plant metabolomics research difficult. Therefore, developing a reliable analytical method for rapid in situ identification of labile compounds and their short‐lived intermediates in plants is of great importance.ObjectiveTo develop under atmospheric pressure, a rapid in situ method for effective identification of labile compounds and their short‐lived intermediates in fresh plants.MethodologyAn in vivo nanospray high‐resolution mass spectrometry (HR‐MS) method was used for rapid capture of labile compounds and their short‐lived intermediates in plants. A quartz capillary was partially inserted into fresh plant tissues, and the liquid flowed out through the capillary tube owing to the capillary effect. A high direct current (d.c.) voltage was applied to the plant to generate a spray of charged droplets from the tip of the capillary carrying bioactive molecules toward the inlet of mass spectrometer for full‐scan and MS/MS analysis.ResultsMany labile compounds and short‐lived intermediates were identified via this method: including glucosinolates and their short‐lived intermediates (existing for only 10 s) in Raphanus sativus roots, alliin and its conversion intermediate (existing for 20 s) in Allium sativum and labile precursor compound chlorogenic acid in Malus pumila Mill.ConclusionThe method is an effective approach for in situ identification of internal labile compounds and their short‐lived intermediates in fresh plants and it can be used as an auxiliary tool to explore the degradation mechanisms of new labile plant compounds. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Myrosinase Compatible Simultaneous Determination of Glucosinolates and Allyl Isothiocyanate by Capillary Electrophoresis Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography (CE‐MEKC)
Authors: Gonda Sándor , Kiss‐Szikszai Attila , Szűcs Zsolt , Nguyen Nhat Minh , Vasas Gábor 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe functional food Cruciferous vegetables contain glucosinolates which are decomposed by the myrosinase enzyme upon tissue damage. The isothiocyanates are the most frequent decomposition products. Because of their various bioactivities, these compounds and the myrosinase is of high interest to many scientific fields.ObjectiveDevelopment of a capillary electrophoresis method capable of myrosinase‐compatible, simultaneous quantification of glucosinolates and isothiocyanates.MethodsCapillary electrochromatography parameters were optimised, followed by optimisation of a myrosinase‐compatible derivatisation procedure for isothiocyanates. Vegetable extracts (Brussels sprouts, horseradish, radish and watercress) were tested for myrosinase activity, glucosinolate content and isothiocyanate conversion rate. Allyl isothiocyanate was quantified in some food products.ResultsThe method allows quantification of sinigrin, gluonasturtiin and allyl isothiocyanate after myrosinase compatible derivatisation in‐vial by mercaptoacetic acid. The chromatograhpic separation takes 2.5 min (short‐end injection) or 15 min (long‐end injection). For the tested vegetables, measured myrosinase activity was between 0.960–27.694 and 0.461–26.322 µmol/min/mg protein, glucosinolate content was between 0–2291.8 and 0–248.5 µg/g fresh weight for sinigrin and gluconastrutiin, respectively. The possible specificity of plants to different glucosinolates was also shown. Allyl isothiocyanate release rate was different in different vegetables (73.13 − 102.13%). The method could also be used for quantification of allyl isothiocyanate from food products.ConclusionsThe presented capillary electrophoresis method requires a minimal amount of sample and contains only a few sample preparation steps, and can be used in several applications (glucosinolate determination, myrosinase activity measurement, isothiocyanate release estimation). Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of a Smartphone Metabolomics Platform to the Authentication of Schisandra sinensis
Authors: Kwon Hyuk Nam , Phan Hong‐Duc , Xu Wen Jun , Ko Yoon‐Joo , Park Sunghyouk 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroductionHerbal medicines have been used for a long time all around the world. Since the quality of herbal preparations depends on the source of herbal materials, there has been a strong need to develop methods to correctly identify the origin of materials.ObjectiveTo develop a smartphone metabolomics platform as a simpler and low‐cost alternative for the identification of herbal material source.MethodologySchisandra sinensis extracts from Korea and China were prepared. The visible spectra of all samples were measured by a smartphone spectrometer platform. This platform included all the necessary measures built‐in for the metabolomics research: data acquisition, processing, chemometric analysis and visualisation of the results. The result of the smartphone metabolomics platform was compared to that of NMR‐based metabolomics, suggesting the feasibility of smartphone platform in metabolomics research.ResultsThe smartphone metabolomics platform gave similar results to the NMR method, showing good separation between Korean and Chinese materials and correct predictability for all test samples.ConclusionWith its accuracy and advantages of affordability, user‐friendliness, and portability, the smartphone metabolomics platform could be applied to the authentication of other medicinal plants. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.