bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analytical study of training program factors to develop the competency of regional operating officer (ROO) in the virtual service provider office (VSPO) in Thailand
Authors: Boonda Phongpisanu , Preedeekul Aree , Markmee Phataraphon 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Virtual regional service provider is a key management mechanism created to realize the health service system development plans and a mechanism established to bring about integration of all elements of the health system. However, a virtual service provider office (VSPO) to support the work of the executive has not yet been formally established, and there are no operations practitioners deployed yet, who are necessary to develop the competency of regional operating officer (ROO) in each province. The purpose of this paper is to analyze training program factors to develop the competency of ROO in the VSPO in Thailand.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a descriptive research that used structural equation model. The research sample consisted of 274 executives and 664 practitioners in the Vice Chief of the provincial health office under the 12 regions; executives’ questionnaire and a VSPO questionnaire were used as tools for this study; data were statistically analyzed by three methods, namely, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), second-order confirmatory factor analysis (second-order CFA), and path analysis (PA).

Findings
The variable model was composed of ten factors, selected from 40 variables, which are as follows: service plan and personal administration, summary to present for administrators in the VSPO, network management and team building, summary to adjust strategies, key performance indicator (KPI) and action plan, new management skills, system thinking, analytical thinking, synthesis thinking, conflict management style, and leadership; presentation of methods and data for monitoring, presentation skill, conference management skill; researching, learning skill, communication skill exercise, action plan workshop, preparation to study in the fields workshop; fiscal and monetary, internal control and risk management; project management, monitoring, and data definition; and positive thinking, conflict management process, negotiation skill contingency management.

Originality/value
Ten factors of the variable model of training program factors to develop the competency of ROO in the VSPO in Thailand had high construct validity and they were analyzed using three methods, i.e. EFA, second-order CFA and PA, that were appropriate to be used for developing a training program.
Gear fault detection using dynamic transmission variance
Authors: Mechefske Chris K. , Rapos David Benjamin , Timusk Markus 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to report the findings of a study that used measurements of shaft relative rotational position, made using inexpensive Hall Effect sensors and magnets mounted at the ends of a gearbox input and output shafts, to determine gear “transmission variance.” The transmission variance signals, as a function of gear/shaft rotational position, were then used to detect and diagnose gear faults.

Design/methodology/approach
Two sets of spur gears (one plastic and one steel) were used to experimentally determine the relative shaft rotational position between the input and the output gearbox shafts. Fault-free and faulted (damaged tooth faces and cracked tooth bases) gears were used to collect representative dynamic signals. Signal processing was used to extract transmission variance values as a function of shaft rotational position and then used to detect and diagnose gear faults.

Findings
The results show that variations in the relative rotational position of the output shaft relative to that of the input shaft (the transmission variance) can be used to reveal gear mesh characteristics, including faults, such as cracked or missing gear teeth and flattened gear tooth faces, in both plastic gears and steel gears under appropriate (realistic) loads and speeds.

Research limitations/implications
The operational mode of the non-contact rotational position sensors and the dynamic accuracy limitations are explained along with the basic signal processing required to extract transmission variance values.

Practical implications
The results show that shaft rotational position measurements can be made accurately and precisely using relatively inexpensive sensors and can subsequently reveal gear faults.

Social implications
The inexpensive and yet trustworthy fault detection methodology developed in this work should help to improve the efficiency of maintenance actions on gearboxes and, therefore, improve the overall industrial efficiency of society.

Originality/value
The method described has distinct advantages over traditional analysis methods based on gearbox vibration and/or oil analysis.
Maintenance strategies: Decision Making Grid vs Jack-Knife Diagram
Authors: Seecharan Turuna , Labib Ashraf , Jardine Andrew 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
Maintenance management is a vital strategic task given the increasing demand on sustained availability of machines. Machine performance depends primarily on frequency and downtime; therefore, ranking critical machines based on these two criteria is important to determine the appropriate maintenance strategy. The purpose of this paper is to compare two methods, using case studies, to allocate maintenance strategies while prioritising performance based on frequency and downtime or Mean Time to Repair: the Decision Making Grid (DMG) and Jack-Knife Diagram (JKD).

Design/methodology/approach
The literature indicates the need for an approach able to integrate maintenance performance and strategy in order to adapt existing data on equipment failures and to routinely adjust preventive measures. Maintenance strategies are incomparable; one strategy should not be applied to all machines, nor all strategies to the same machine.

Findings
Compared to the Pareto histogram, the DMG and JKD provide visual representations of the performance of the worst machines with respect to frequency and downtime, thus allowing maintenance technicians to apply the appropriate maintenance strategy. Each method has its own merits.

Research limitations/implications
This work compares only two methods based on their original conceptualisation. This is due to their similarities in using same input data and their main features. However, there is a scope to compare to other methods or variations of these methods.

Practical implications
This paper highlights how the DMG and JKD can be incorporated in industrial applications to allocate appropriate maintenance strategy and track machine performance over time.

Originality/value
Neither DMG nor JKD have been compared in the literature. Currently, the JKD has been used to rank machines, and the DMG has been used to determine maintenance strategies.
Hybrid feature descriptor and probabilistic neuro-fuzzy system for face recognition
Authors: Bindu Hima , K. Manjunathachari 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to develop the Hybrid feature descriptor and probabilistic neuro-fuzzy system for attaining the high accuracy in face recognition system. In recent days, facial recognition (FR) systems play a vital part in several applications such as surveillance, access control and image understanding. Accordingly, various face recognition methods have been developed in the literature, but the applicability of these algorithms is restricted because of unsatisfied accuracy. So, the improvement of face recognition is significantly important for the current trend.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a face recognition system through feature extraction and classification. The proposed model extracts the local and the global feature of the image. The local features of the image are extracted using the kernel based scale invariant feature transform (K-SIFT) model and the global features are extracted using the proposed m-Co-HOG model. (Co-HOG: co-occurrence histograms of oriented gradients) The proposed m-Co-HOG model has the properties of the Co-HOG algorithm. The feature vector database contains combined local and the global feature vectors derived using the K-SIFT model and the proposed m-Co-HOG algorithm. This paper proposes a probabilistic neuro-fuzzy classifier system for the finding the identity of the person from the extracted feature vector database.

Findings
The face images required for the simulation of the proposed work are taken from the CVL database. The simulation considers a total of 114 persons form the CVL database. From the results, it is evident that the proposed model has outperformed the existing models with an improved accuracy of 0.98. The false acceptance rate (FAR) and false rejection rate (FRR) values of the proposed model have a low value of 0.01.

Originality/value
This paper proposes a face recognition system with proposed m-Co-HOG vector and the hybrid neuro-fuzzy classifier. Feature extraction was based on the proposed m-Co-HOG vector for extracting the global features and the existing K-SIFT model for extracting the local features from the face images. The proposed m-Co-HOG vector utilizes the existing Co-HOG model for feature extraction, along with a new color gradient decomposition method. The major advantage of the proposed m-Co-HOG vector is that it utilizes the color features of the image along with other features during the histogram operation.
Medical Schools in Fragile States: Implications for Delivery of Care
Authors: Mateen Farrah J. , McKenzie Erica D. , Rose Sherri 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveTo report on medical schools in fragile states, countries with severe development challenges, and the impact on the workforce for health care delivery.Data Sources2007 and 2012 World Bank Harmonized List of Fragile Situations; 1998–2012 WHO Global Health Observatory; 2014 World Directory of Medical Schools.Data ExtractionFragile classification established from 2007 and 2012 World Bank status. Population, gross national income, health expenditure, and life expectancy were 2007 figures. Physician density was most recently available from WHO Global Health Observatory (1998–2012), with number of medical schools from 2014 World Directory of Medical Schools.Study DesignRegression analyses assessed impact of fragile state status in 2012 on the number of medical schools in 2014.Principal FindingsFragile states were 1.76 (95 percent CI 1.07–2.45) to 2.37 (95 percent CI 1.44–3.30) times more likely to have fewer than two medical schools than nonfragile states.ConclusionsFragile states lack the infrastructure to train sufficient numbers of medical professionals to meet their population health needs.
Monitoring Shelf Life of Pasteurized Whole Milk Under Refrigerated Storage Conditions: Predictive Models for Quality Loss
Authors: Ziyaina Mohamed , Govindan Byju N. , Rasco Barbara , Coffey Todd , Sablani Shyam S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe shelf life of pasteurized milk is generally determined through microbiological analysis. The objective of this study was to correlate microbial quality parameters then to design predictive models for shelf life of pasteurized milk. We analyzed pasteurized milk (3.9% fat) for aerobic plate counts (APCs), psychrotrophic bacteria counts (PBCs), and Bacillus spp. counts at 5, 7, 10, 13, 15, and 19 (±1 °C) to the end of storage time. We also monitored titratable acidity, pH, and, lipase, and protease activity and correlated this with APC, which is the principal index defining shelf life. Results indicate that the shelf life of pasteurized milk was 24, 36, and 72 h at 19, 15, and 13 °C respectively, as determined by APC and acidity indicators. However, milk stored at lower temperatures of 5, 7, and 10 °C had longer shelf life of 30, 24, and 12 d, respectively. A sharp increase in titratable acidity, while decrease pH were observed when APCs reached 5.0 log10 CFU/mL at all storage temperatures. Lipase and protease activities increased with storage temperature. At 5 and 7 °C, however, protease activity was very low. Therefore, we eliminated this parameter from our quality parameters as a potential spoilage indicator.Practical ApplicationFindings of this research are useful for monitoring the quality of commercial pasteurized milk, particularly in locations where environmental conditions make longer storage difficult. The study also provides valuable information for development of colorimetric shelf life indicators.
Influence of Food with High Moisture Content on Oxygen Barrier Property of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA)/Vermiculite Nanocomposite Coated Multilayer Packaging Film
Authors: Kim Jung Min , Lee Min Hyeock , Ko Jung A. , Kang Dong Ho , Bae Hojae , Park Hyun Jin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigates the potential complications in applying nanoclay‐based waterborne coating to packaging films for food with high moisture content. Multilayer packaging films were prepared by dry laminating commercially available polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/vermiculite nanocomposite coating films and linear low‐density polyethylene film, and the changes in oxygen barrier properties were investigated according to different relative humidity using 3 types of food simulants. When the relative humidity was above 60%, the oxygen permeability increased sharply, but this was reversible. Deionized water and 3% acetic acid did not cause any large structural change in the PVA/vermiculite nanocomposite but caused a reversible deterioration of the oxygen barrier properties. In contrast, 50% ethanol, a simulant for the semifatty food, induced irreversible structural changes with deterioration of the oxygen barrier property. These changes are due to the characteristics of PVA rather than vermiculite.Practical ApplicationWe believe this manuscript would be of interest to the wide group of researchers, organizations, and companies in the field of developing nanoclay‐based gas barrier packaging for foods with high moisture content. Hence, we wish to diffuse our knowledge to the scientific community.
Comparison of Cinnamon Essential Oils from Leaf and Bark with Respect to Antimicrobial Activity and Sensory Acceptability in Strawberry Shake
Authors: Brnawi Wafaa I. , Hettiarachchy Navam S. , Horax Ronny , Kumar‐Phillips Geetha , Seo Han‐Seok , Marcy John 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCinnamon leaf and bark essential oils have long been used as natural preservatives and flavoring agents in foods. This study determined antimicrobial effects of leaf and bark of cinnamon essential oils (CEOs) against 2 foodborne pathogens, Salmonella Typhimurium (S.T.) and Listeria monocytogenes (L.m.), at 2 initial bacterial levels (4‐ and 9‐log CFU/mL) in strawberry shakes. The antimicrobial study of CEOs at 0.1% and 0.5% in strawberry shakes against S.T. and L.M. showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) in log reductions of both bacterial growth at low (4‐log CFU/mL) and high (9‐log CFU/mL) initial bacterial levels. Addition of 0.5% CEOs into strawberry shakes at 4 °C completely inhibited both bacteria after a period of 8 d storage. Shelf‐life study showed that acidity and total solid content were not affected during storage. The strawberry shakes containing bark CEO had higher ratings of sensory acceptability compared to leaf CEO, with or without the addition of 1% masking agent. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that CEO derived from bark was better than that from leaf in terms of their antimicrobial activity and sensory aspect.Practical ApplicationThis study demonstrates that essential oils derived from cinnamon bark and leaf have the potential to be used as natural antimicrobial ingredient in milk beverages with respect to sensory aspect. This finding promotes the acceptance of natural antimicrobials among consumers, while providing enhanced safer products to the food industry application.
The Transnationalisation of Competing State Projects: Carbon Offsetting and Development in Sumatra's Coastal Peat Swamps
Authors: Hein Jonas , Faust Heiko , Kunz Yvonne , Mardiana Rina 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIndonesia's peatlands can be considered as conflict arenas where different state projects and actors compete. The case presented here stands for a new conservation controversy. The Berbak Carbon Initiatives overlap with a settlement project, inducing struggles among different state apparatuses, transnational actors, and peasants. This article is based on a novel conceptual approach building on political ecology, politics of scale and state theory for investigating divergent and transnationalised state projects. Empirically we draw on qualitative research conducted in the province of Jambi, Sumatra. We argue that the territorial conflicts mirror the contradictory interests of different state apparatuses influenced by conservation‐oriented and development‐oriented actors in society but also by supra‐national planning institutions. In our case, the contestation becomes visible through inconsistent notions of development and property. We show how political change challenges the implementation of a forest carbon project, illustrating the high risks of mitigating climate change through offsetting.
Phenotype and natural history of elderly onset inflammatory bowel disease: a multicentre, case‐control study
Authors: Mañosa M. , Calafat M. , de Francisco R. , García C. , Casanova M. J. , Huelín P. , Calvo M. , Tosca J. , Fernández‐Salazar L. , Arajol C. , Zabana Y. , Bastida G. , Hinojosa J. , Márquez L. , Barreiro‐de‐Acosta M. , Calvet X. , Monfort D. , Gómez‐Garcia M. R. , Rodríguez E. , Huguet J. M. , Rojas‐Feria M. , Hervias D. , Atienza R. , Busquets D. , Zapata E. , Dueñas C. , Charro M. , Martínez‐Cerezo F. J. , Plaza R. , Vázquez J. M. , Gisbert J. P. , Cañete F. , Cabré E. , Domènech E. ,   GETECCU
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundOnset during old age has been reported in upto 10% of total cases of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).AimTo evaluate phenotypic characteristics and the use of therapeutic resources in patients with elderly onset IBD.MethodsCase‐control study including all those patients diagnosed with IBD over the age of 60 years since 2000 who were followed‐up for >12 months, identified from the IBD databases. Elderly onset cases were compared with IBD patients aged 18 to 40 years at diagnosis, matched by year of diagnosis, gender and type of IBD (adult‐onset).ResultsOne thousand three hundred and seventy‐four elderly onset and 1374 adult‐onset cases were included (62% ulcerative colitis (UC), 38% Crohn's disease (CD)). Among UC patients, elderly onset cases had a lower proportion of extensive disease (33% vs 39%; P < 0.0001). In CD, elderly onset cases showed an increased rate of stenosing pattern (24% vs 13%; P < 0.0001) and exclusive colonic location (28% vs 16%; P < 0.0001), whereas penetrating pattern (12% vs 19%; P < 0.0001) was significantly less frequent. Regarding the use of therapeutic resources, there was a significantly lower use of corticosteroids (P < 0.0001), immunosuppressants (P < 0.0001) and anti‐TNFs agents (P < 0.0001) in elderly onset cases. Regarding surgery, we found a significantly higher surgery rate among elderly onset UC cases (8.3% vs 5.1%; P < 0.009). Finally, elderly onset cases were characterised by a higher rate of hospitalisations (66% vs 49%; P < 0.0001) and neoplasms (14% vs 0.5%; P < 0.0001).ConclusionsElderly onset IBD shows specific characteristics and they are managed differently, with a lower use of immunosuppressants and a higher rate of surgery in UC.
Long‐term effect of medical treatment of diarrhoea in 377 patients with SeHCATscan diagnosed bile acid malabsorption from 2003 to 2016; a retrospective study
Authors: Damsgaard B. , Dalby H. R. , Krogh K. , Jørgensen S. M. D. , Arveschough A. K. , Agnholt J. , Dahlerup J. F. , Jørgensen S. P. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundExcessive amounts of bile acids entering the colon due to bile acid malabsorption cause chronic bile acid diarrhoea. Diagnosis is possible by measuring the retention fraction of orally ingested75Selenium homotaurocholic acid (SeHCAT). The knowledge of long‐term effects of medical treatment is sparse.AimTo describe diarrhoea, adherence to treatment, treatment effects and quality of life in a large, well‐defined cohort of patients with bile acid diarrhoea.MethodsA retrospective survey was performed among 594 patients with bile acid malabsorption verified by SeHCATscans at our unit between 2003 and 2016. Questionnaires about medical history, diarrhoea, use of medication, and quality of life scores were mailed to all patients.ResultsAmong 594 patients 377 (69%) responded. Among respondents, 121 (32%) had bile acid diarrhoea due to ileal disease or resection (type 1), 198 (52%) idiopathic bile acid diarrhoea (type 2) and 58 (16%) bile acid diarrhoea due to other non‐ileal disease, mainly cholecystectomy (type 3). At follow‐up, half of the patients, 184 (50%), reported improvement of diarrhoea. However, 273 patients (74%) still reported diarrhoea and 234 (62%) regularly used anti‐diarrhoeal medication. In spite of treatment, 235 (64%) considered reduced quality of life by diarrhoea and 184 (50%) reported that diarrhoea was unaltered or worse than before established diagnosis.ConclusionMany patients with bile acid diarrhoea continue to have bothersome diarrhoea in spite of correct diagnosis and treatment.
Prevalence of axis II comorbidities in bipolar disorder: relationship to mood state
Authors: Post Robert M , Leverich Gabriele S , McElroy Susan , Kupka Ralph , Suppes Trisha , Altshuler Lori , Nolen Willem , Frye Mark , Keck Paul , Grunze Heinz , Hellemann Gerhard 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesA high incidence of Axis II personality disorders is described in patients with bipolar disorder; however, their relationship to mood state remains uncertain.MethodsA total of 966 outpatients with bipolar disorder gave informed consent and filled out the Personality Disorder Questionnaire, 4th edition (PDQ4) and a questionnaire on demographics and course of illness prior to Bipolar Treatment Outcome Network entry at average age 41 years. Patients were rated at each visit for depression on the Inventory of Depressive Symptoms‐Clinician version (IDS‐C) and for mania on the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS). In a subgroup, the PDQ4 was retaken during periods of depression and euthymia.ResultsPatients met criteria for most personality disorders at a much higher rate when they took the PDQ4 while depressed compared to while euthymic, and scores were significantly related to the severity of depression (IDS) and of mania (YMRS) assessed within 2 weeks of taking the PDQ. Even when euthymic, more than quarter to half of the patients met criteria for a cluster A, B or C personality disorder.ConclusionsA wide range of personality disorders occur in bipolar patients, but are highly dependent on filling out the form while depressed compared to while euthymic. How this relates to having a personality disorder assessed using a structured clinical interview remains to be tested. However, higher PDQ4 scores are related to an earlier age of onset of bipolar disorder and other factors portending a more difficult course of bipolar disorder, and the optimal treatment of these patients remains to be illuminated.