bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proficiency‐testing scheme for essential oils
Authors: Messineo Elvire , Varfi Athina , Minziere Jonathan , Boubetra Abdelkader 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBIPEA (http://www.bipea.org) organizes regular proficiency‐testing schemes (PTS) in many analytical domains, including the analysis of essential oils. As an example, in September and October 2015, two tests were conducted using essential pine oil, with respectively 27 and 32 participating laboratories. The first test was intended for routine quality‐control analyses (density, refractive index optical rotation, flash‐point, peroxide value, and acid value), whereas the second was intended for the analysis of the composition of this essential oil, by determination of its profile by gas chromatography with flame‐ionization detection (for 22 constituents of this particular essential oil). Participating laboratories were required to return their results on a dedicated website within a period of 1 month, and a statistical treatment of the data was as usually performed by BIPEA according to ISO 13528.1. Assigned (consensus) values were calculated from the participants' results, and the performances of the laboratories could then be evaluated individually and collectively according to ISO 17043. 2 These tests allow participating laboratories to draw up a general inventory of their analytical skills, and are a very useful tool to detect bias or non‐compliant results; they act as a warning signal for the implementation of corrective and/or curative actions in the laboratory.
Downregulation of miR‐7116‐5p in microglia by MPP+ sensitizes TNF‐α production to induce dopaminergic neuron damage
Authors: He Qian , Wang Qing , Yuan Chao , Wang Yizheng 
Published: May 2017

AbstractActivation of microglia resulting in exacerbated inflammation expression plays an important role in degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, how this enhanced inflammation is induced in microglia remains largely unclear. Here, in the mouse PD model induced by 1‐methyl‐4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetra hydropyridine (MPTP), we found that miR‐7116‐5p in microglia has a crucial role in this inflammation. 1‐methyl‐4‐phenylpyridinium (MPP+) is uptaken by microglia through organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) to downregulate miR‐7116‐5p, an miRNA found to target tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α). Production of TNF‐α in microglia is specifically potentiated by MPP+ via downregulation of miR‐7116‐5p to elicit subsequent inflammatory responses. Furthermore, enhancement of miR‐7116‐5p expression in microglia in mice inhibits the production of TNF‐α and the activation of glia, and further prevents loss of DA neurons. Together, our studies suggest that MPP+ suppresses miR‐7116‐5p level in microglia and potentiates TNF‐α production and inflammatory responses to contribute to DA neuron damage.
Human Schwann cells exhibit long‐term cell survival, are not tumorigenic and promote repair when transplanted into the contused spinal cord
Authors: Bastidas Johana , Athauda Gagani , De La Cruz Gabriela , Chan Wai‐Man , Golshani Roozbeh , Berrocal Yerko , Henao Martha , Lalwani Anil , Mannoji Chikato , Assi Mazen , Otero P. Anthony , Khan Aisha , Marcillo Alexander E. , Norenberg Michael , Levi Allan D. , Wood Patrick M. , Guest James D. , Dietrich W. Dalton , Bartlett Bunge Mary , Pearse Damien D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe transplantation of rodent Schwann cells (SCs) provides anatomical and functional restitution in a variety of spinal cord injury (SCI) models, supporting the recent translation of SCs to phase 1 clinical trials for human SCI. Whereas human (Hu)SCs have been examined experimentally in a complete SCI transection paradigm, to date the reported behavior of SCs when transplanted after a clinically relevant contusive SCI has been restricted to the use of rodent SCs. Here, in a xenotransplant, contusive SCI paradigm, the survival, biodistribution, proliferation and tumorgenicity as well as host responses to HuSCs, cultured according to a protocol analogous to that developed for clinical application, were investigated. HuSCs persisted within the contused nude rat spinal cord through 6 months after transplantation (longest time examined), exhibited low cell proliferation, displayed no evidence of tumorigenicity and showed a restricted biodistribution to the lesion. Neuropathological examination of the CNS revealed no adverse effects of HuSCs. Animals exhibiting higher numbers of surviving HuSCs within the lesion showed greater volumes of preserved white matter and host rat SC and astrocyte ingress as well as axon ingrowth and myelination. These results demonstrate the safety of HuSCs when employed in a clinically relevant experimental SCI paradigm. Further, signs of a potentially positive influence of HuSC transplants on host tissue pathology were observed. These findings show that HuSCs exhibit a favorable toxicity profile for up to 6 months after transplantation into the contused rat spinal cord, an important outcome for FDA consideration of their use in human clinical trials.
On the Use of Computer‐Aided Text Analysis in International Business Research
Authors: Belderbos Rene , Grabowska Marcelina , Leten Bart , Kelchtermans Stijn , Ugur Nazlihan 
Published: May 2017

Research summaryThis article demonstrates the potential of computer‐aided text analysis (CATA) as a technique to operationalize hard‐to‐measure constructs in international business research, provided that a rigorous set of validity tests is applied. CATA allows researchers to perform content analyses on large textual databases by constructing indicators using deductively and inductively derived keywords. We show the critical validity steps that have to be followed to arrive at valid CATA indicators. We illustrate the CATA technique through an application to the concept of global mind‐set, which has received substantial attention in the international business and strategy literature. We conclude that CATA analysis is a valuable method for international business research, but that its potential can be unleashed only with proper procedures and due attention to construct validity.Managerial summaryWith the increasing availability of large textual databases such as collections of press releases, newswire archives, and SEC filings, computer‐aided text analysis (CATA) creates new opportunities to analyze otherwise unobserved firm and managerial traits. CATA can be applied to a broad range of firm activities and industries across long time periods, while eschewing the low response rates typical for surveys. In this article, we demonstrate the critical validity steps that have to be followed to arrive at valid CATA indicators of firm and managerial traits, with an application to international business. As an empirical illustration, we build a keyword‐based indicator of firms' global mind‐sets using a large dataset of news articles. Copyright © 2017 Strategic Management Society.
What's the Use? Disparate Purposes of U.S. Federal Bioethics Commissions
Authors: Brian Jenny Dyck , Cook‐Deegan Robert 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn the forty‐year history of U.S. bioethics commissions, these government‐sanctioned forums have often demonstrated their power to address pressing problems and to enable policy change. For example, the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research, established in 1974, left a legacy of reports that were translated into regulations and had an enormous practical impact. And the 1982 report Splicing Life, by the President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in Medicine and Biomedical and Behavioral Research, became the basis for the National Institutes of Health's Recombinant DNA Advisory Committee as well as for the Food and Drug Administration's developing “Points to Consider” when contemplating the introduction of recombinant DNA into human beings. Some efforts of bioethics commissions, however, are not tightly connected to policy change or to outcomes directly linked to a specific report. While direct policy impact is indeed a useful metric for government bioethics commissions, it is not their only legitimate utility. For instance, bioethics commissions can also be incubators for deliberation on a hot topic, giving policy‐makers time to think through options while the political heat has some time to dissipate. Or a bioethics commission may stake out a position that enables a politician to take action while not necessarily following its recommendations.
The Virtues of National Ethics Committees
Authors: Montgomery Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe United Kingdom has many bodies that play their part in carrying out the work of national ethics committees, but its nearest equivalent of a U.S. presidential bioethics commission is the Nuffield Council on Bioethics, established in 1991. The Council is charged with examining ethical questions raised by developments in biological and medical research, publishing reports, and making representations to appropriate bodies in order to respond to or anticipate public concern. It is a nongovernment organization with no defined or guaranteed channels of influence. It has no authority merely by virtue of the position it holds. Rather, it has established relational authority based on its reputation. Unlike the U.S. bioethics commission, it is not part of executive government, nor is it constituted to contribute to the legislative branch, as does the French Comité Consultatif National d'Ethique. Its nongovernmental status notwithstanding, the Nuffield Council's work affects the U.K. government and the British public, and the Council has achieved international recognition for its reports. I was the chairperson from 2012 to 2017 and draw on my experience in this piece to consider three key audiences: governments, publics, and the international community.
Inclusion, Access, and Civility in Public Bioethics
Authors: Dresser Rebecca 
Published: May 2017

AbstractI could tell many war stories about my experience serving on the President's Council on Bioethics—one of the most controversial national bioethics commissions so far—but I want to focus instead on how the experience influenced my views on bioethics, politics, and the potential contributions of national commissions. The executive order that established the Council directed it to consider policy questions, but it spoke primarily of providing a forum for national discussion, inquiry, and education. In this sense, the Council's mission departed from that of other national bioethics commissions, which have had more direct policy functions. Most bioethics commissions consider a range of ethical positions in their reports, but their primary objective has been to develop consensus recommendations on whatever topic they are addressing. The Council's executive order moved away from the consensus‐based policy model and called for deep attention to contested ideas. Although the search for consensus may be the most suitable approach for policy activities, it can lead to a bland and anemic version of bioethics. The Council sought to contribute thick bioethical analysis.
A Novel PGM3 Mutation Is Associated With a Severe Phenotype of Bone Marrow Failure, Severe Combined Immunodeficiency, Skeletal Dysplasia, and Congenital Malformations
Authors: Pacheco-Cuéllar Guillermo , Gauthier Julie , Désilets Valérie , Lachance Christian , Lemire-Girard Marlène , Rypens Françoise , Le Deist Françoise , Decaluwe Hélène , Duval Michel , Bouron-Dal Soglio Dorothée , Kokta Victor , Haddad Élie , Campeau Philippe M 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT

Congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) affect multiple systems and present a broad spectrum of clinical features, often including skeletal dysplasia. Exome sequencing has led to the identification of new CDG genes. Immune and skeletal phenotypes associated with mutations in PGM3, encoding a protein that converts N-acetyl-glucosamine-6-phosphate into N-acetyl-glucosamine-1-phosphate, were recently reported. Through exome sequencing, we identified a novel homozygous mutation (c.1135T&gt;C; p.Phe379Leu) in PGM3 in two siblings with bone marrow failure, severe combined immunodeficiency, renal and intestinal malformations, and a skeletal dysplasia resembling Desbuquois dysplasia. Severe respiratory compromise secondary to lung hypoplasia and pulmonary hypertension, and intestinal obstruction led to their demise. We thus report the most severe phenotype described so far associated with PGM3 mutations. This CDG should be considered in the presence of skeletal dysplasia associated with severe immunodeficiency. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Retracted: Effects of shRNA‐Mediated Silencing of PKM2 Gene on Aerobic Glycolysis, Cell Migration, Cell Invasion, and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer Cells
Authors: Yan Xiao‐Ling , Zhang Xue‐Bin , Ao Ran , Guan Lin 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aims to explore the effects of shRNA‐mediated silencing on Pyruvate kinase type M2 (PKM2) gene during aerobic glycolysis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells. CRC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were obtained from 136 patients diagnosed with qRT‐PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to detect mRNA and protein expressions of PKM2. CRC cells were divided into a blank, vector, and PKM2‐shRNA groups. Hexokinase (HK) and PKM2 activity were both determined by glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G‐6‐PD) coupled colorimetric assay and enzyme coupling rate method. The extracellular lactate concentration was measured by ultraviolet spectrophotometer and caspase activity was measured using spectrophotometry. The proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of CRC cells were detected by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK‐8) assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, and scratch test. Three groups of nude mice were injected with 0.2 mL single‐cell suspension from the blank, vector, and PKM2‐shRNA groups, respectively. PKM2 protein content in CRC tissues was higher than that in adjacent normal tissues. Results showed that the PKM2‐shRNA group exhibited significantly lower mRNA and protein expressions of PKM2, decreased PKM2 activity, reduced lactate metabolism level, increased cell apoptosis rate, elevated caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 activity, weakened proliferation, and a reduction in cell invasion and migration ability compared to the vector and blank groups. The optical density (OD) value was lower in the PKM2‐shRNA group than in the blank and vector groups. These findings indicate that shRNA‐mediated silencing of PKM2 gene promotes apoptosis and inhibits aerobic glycolysis, proliferation, migration, and invasion in CRC cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4792–4803, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Activation of MMPs in Macrophages by Mycobacterium tuberculosis via the miR‐223‐BMAL1 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Lou Jun , Wang Yongli , Zhang Zhimin , Qiu Weiqiang 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTAn interaction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and macrophages constitutes an essential step in tuberculosis development, as macrophages exert both positive and negative effects on M. tuberculosis‐triggered organ lesions. In this study, we focused on the regulation of the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which is responsible for lung matrix degradation and bacteria dissection, in macrophages following M. tuberculosis infection. Female BALB/c mice were intravenously injected with the M. tuberculosis strain H37Rv at 0 h zeitgeber time (ZT0) or 12 h zeitgeber time (ZT12). The expression and activity of MMP‐1, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐9 in lungs and spleens were then evaluated. In vitro, peritoneal macrophages were harvested at ZT0 or at ZT12 and infected with 10 MOI M. tuberculosis. The expression of MMPs, microRNA‐223 and BMAL1 was analyzed by qRT‐PCR and/or Western blot. The binding of BMAL1 3′‐UTR by miR‐223 was confirmed by luciferase activity assay. Additionally, wild‐type BMAL1 or NLSmut BMAL1 plasmids were transfected to evaluate the effect of BMAL1 on MMPs. The results showed a differential expression of MMPs in mice tissues infected at different times. M. tuberculosis infection caused enhanced MMP‐1, ‐9, and miR‐223 expression, with inhibited BMAL1 expression. MiR‐223 modulated BMAL1 expression via the direct binding of BMAL1 3′‐UTR. Furthermore, wild‐type BMAL1 other than NLSmut BMAL1 attenuated MMPs expression in M. tuberculosis‐infected macrophages. Overall, this study demonstrated a potential involvement of circadian rhythm in MMP activation by M. tuberculosis in macrophages. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4804–4812, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
COMMD1: A Multifunctional Regulatory Protein
Authors: Riera‐Romo Mario 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe COMMD Protein Family is highly conserved among multicellular eukaryotic organisms and many orthologs of human COMMD genes have been found in different species of plants, invertebrates, lower vertebrates, and mammals. COMMD1 is the best characterized member of the family and is conserved among vertebrates. This protein represents a pleiotropic factor involved in the regulation of many cellular and physiological processes that include copper and cholesterol homeostasis, ionic transport, oxidative stress, protein aggregation, protein trafficking, NF‐κB‐mediated transcription, hypoxia induced transcription, DNA damage response, and oncogenesis. The present work reviews the molecular mechanisms and biological processes regulated by COMMD1 that have been described so far, emphasizing in the regulatory role of the protein and its importance for cellular homeostasis. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 34–51, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
CRISPR Editing in Biological and Biomedical Investigation
Authors: Ju Xing‐Da , Xu Jing , Sun Zhong Sheng 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTThe CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)‐Cas (CRISPR‐associated protein) system, a prokaryotic RNA‐based adaptive immune system against viral infection, is emerging as a powerful genome editing tool in broad research areas. To further improve and expand its functionality, various CRISPR delivery strategies have been tested and optimized, and key CRISPR system components such as Cas protein have been engineered with different purposes. Benefiting from more in‐depth understanding and further development of CRISPR, versatile CRISPR‐based platforms for genome editing have been rapidly developed to advance investigations in biology and biomedicine. In biological research area, CRISPR has been widely adopted in both fundamental and applied research fields, such as genomic and epigenomic modification, genome‐wide screening, cell and animal research, agriculture transforming, livestock breeding, food manufacture, industrial biotechnology, and gene drives in disease agents control. In biomedical research area, CRISPR has also shown its extensive applicability in the establishment of animal models for genetic disorders, generation of tissue donors, implementation of antimicrobial and antiviral studies, identification and assessment of new drugs, and even treatment for clinical diseases. However, there are still several problems to consider, and the biggest concerns are the off‐target effects and ethical issues of this technology. In this prospect article, after highlighting recent development of CRISPR systems, we outline different applications and current limitations of CRISPR in biological and biomedical investigation. Finally, we provide a perspective on future development and potential risks of this multifunctional technology. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 52–61, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Vitamin D3 Alters the Expression of Toll‐like Receptors in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Yazdanpanah Esmaeil , Mahmoudi Mahmoud , Sahebari Maryam , Rezaieyazdi Zahra , Esmaeili Seyed‐Alireza , Tabasi Nafiseh , Jaberi Soheila , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Rastin Maryam 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by production of inflammatory cytokines and autoreactive antibodies due to the loss of immune tolerance. Recognition of self‐nucleic acids by intracellular Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) can overactivate immune responses and this abnormal activation of TLRs contributes to the pathogenesis of the disease. In recent years, anti‐inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of 1,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 (VitD3) on the immune system has received particular attention. The present study investigated the effects of vitamin D3 on the expression of TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 in SLE patients. Study participants included 20 SLE patients and 20 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and cultured in the presence or absence of vitamin D3 (50 nM). Then RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized and gene expression levels of TLR3, TLR7, and TLR9 were assessed using real‐time PCR. Up‐regulated expression levels of TLR7 and TLR9 were observed in the PBMCs of SLE patients in comparison with controls. Culturing PBMCs with vitamin D3 significantly down‐regulated the expression of TLR3 (8.86 ± 4.2 for SLE patients vs. 45.34 ± 18.6 for control; P = 0.03), TLR7 (17.91 ± 7.7 for SLE patients vs. 242.37 ± 89.6 for controls; P = 0.0001) and TLR9 (4.67 ± 1.9 for SLE patients vs. 8.9 ± 1.5 for controls; P = 0.007) in SLE patients in comparison with healthy controls. The results of the current study suggest that vitamin D3 could exert some of its immunomodulatory effects in SLE patients via affecting the expression levels of some TLRs. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 4831–4835, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
High‐resolution melting analysis assay for identification of Fonsecaea species
Authors: Shi Minglan , Li Xiqing , Feng Jiao , Jia Shulin , Xiao Xing , Chen Chunmei , Fransisca Cindy , Xi Liyan , Zhang Junmin 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundChromoblastomycosis (CBM) is a chronic fungal disease. In China, the principle etiologic agent was a group of dematiaceous fungi, including Fonsecaea monophora, Fonsecaea nubica, and Cladophialophora carrionii. Although the Fonsecaea species have similar morphology, their pathogenicity is quite different. This study aims to establish a new solution for early identification of Fonsecaea species because of their distinctive potential infection risk.MethodsFive reference strains and 35 clinical isolates from patients with CBM, preserved in our laboratory, were used in this study. The universal primer ITS1 and ITS2 were chosen to amplify the highly conserved regions of rDNA. High‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis was performed using the LIGHTCYCLER® 96 System. All the amplicons were verified by direct sequencing and the sequence were aligned with those in GenBank by BLAST analysis.ResultsWe successfully differentiated the five strains according to their different Tm values and curve shapes. The 35 clinical isolates from patients were identified as 24 strains for F. monophora and 11 strains for F. nubica, which is consistent with the DNA sequencing results.ConclusionIt is the first time to use HRM analysis for identification of Fonsecaea species. Since the CBM etiologic agent in South China is mainly F. monophora and F. nubica, this strategy is sufficient to be applied in the clinical examination with high accuracy, speed, and throughput.