bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adenovirus-mediated transfer of hepatocyte growth factor gene to human dental pulp stem cells under good manufacturing practice improves their potential for periodontal regeneration in swine
Authors: Cao Yu , Liu Zhenhai , Xie Yilin , Hu Jingchao , Wang Hua , Fan Zhipeng , Zhang Chunmei , Wang Jingsong , Wu Chu-Tse , Wang Songlin 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Introduction
Periodontitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases in humans. We previously promoted significant periodontal tissue regeneration in swine models with the transplantation of autologous periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and PDLSC sheet. We also promoted periodontal tissue regeneration in a rat model with a local injection of allogeneic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the roles of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in periodontal tissue regeneration in swine.

Method
In the present study, we transferred an adenovirus that carried HGF gene into human DPSCs (HGF-hDPSCs) under good manufacturing practice (GMP) conditions. These cells were then transplanted into a swine model for periodontal regeneration. Twenty miniature pigs were used to generate periodontitis with bone defect of 5 mm in width, 7 mm in length, and 3 mm in depth. After 12 weeks, clinical, radiological, quantitative and histological assessment of regenerated periodontal tissues was performed to compare periodontal regeneration in swine treated with cell implantation.

Results
Our study showed that injecting HGF-hDPSCs into this large animal model could significantly improve periodontal bone regeneration and soft tissue healing. A hDPSC or HGF-hDPSC sheet showed superior periodontal tissue regeneration compared to the injection of dissociated cells. However, the sheets required surgical placement; thus, they were suitable for surgically-managed periodontitis treatments. The adenovirus-mediated transfer of the HGF gene markedly decreased hDPSC apoptosis in a hypoxic environment or in serum-free medium, and it increased blood vessel regeneration.

Conclusion
This study indicated that HGF-hDPSCs produced under GMP conditions significantly improved periodontal bone regeneration in swine; thus, this method represents a potential clinical application for periodontal regeneration.
Autophagy promotes apoptosis of mesenchymal stem cells under inflammatory microenvironment
Authors: Dang Shipeng , Yu Zhi-ming , Zhang Chang-ying , Zheng Jie , Li Ku-lin , Wu Ying , Qian Ling-ling , Yang Zhen-yu , Li Xiao-rong , Zhang Yanyun , Wang Ru-xing 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been widely applied to treat various inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory cytokines can induce both apoptosis and autophagy in MSCs. However, whether autophagy plays a pro- or con-apoptosis effect on MSCs in an inflammatory microenvironment has not been clarified.

Methods
We inhibited autophagy by constructing MSCs with lentivirus containing small hairpin RNA to knockdown Beclin-1 and applied these MSCs to a model of sepsis to evaluate therapeutic effect of MSCs.

Results
Here we show that inhibition of autophagy in MSCs increases the survival rate of septic mice more than control MSCs, and autophagy promotes apoptosis of MSCs during application to septic mice. Further study demonstrated that autophagy aggravated tumor necrosis factor alpha plus interferon gamma-induced apoptosis of MSCs. Mechanically, autophagy inhibits the expression of the pro-survival gene Bcl-2 via suppressing reactive oxygen species/mitogen-activated protein kinase 1/3 pathway.

Conclusions
Our findings indicate that an inflammatory microenvironment-induced autophagy promotes apoptosis of MSCs. Therefore, modulation of autophagy in MSCs would provide a novel approach to improve MSC survival during immunotherapy.
Analysis of Impact of Post-Treatment Biopsies in Phase I Clinical Trials
Authors: Sweis Randy F. , Drazer Michael W. , Ratain Mark J. 
Published: December 2015

Purpose The use of biopsy-derived pharmacodynamic biomarkers is increasing in early-phase clinical trials. It remains unknown whether drug development is accelerated or enhanced by their use. We examined the impact of biopsy-derived pharmacodynamic biomarkers on subsequent drug development through a comprehensive analysis of phase I oncology studies from 2003 to 2010 and subsequent publications citing the original trials. Methods We conducted a search to identify and examine publications of phase I oncology studies including the use of biopsy-derived pharmacodynamic biomarkers between 2003 and 2010. Characteristics of those studies were extracted and analyzed, along with outcomes from the biomarker data. We then compiled and reviewed publications of subsequent phase II and III trials citing the original phase I biomarker studies to determine the impact on drug development. Results We identified 4,840 phase I oncology publications between 2003 and 2010. Seventy-two studies included a biopsy-derived pharmacodynamic biomarker. The proportion of biomarker studies including nondiagnostic biopsies increased over time (P = .002). A minimum of 1,873 tumor biopsies were documented in the 72 studies, 12 of which reported a statistically significant biomarker result. Thirty-three percent of studies (n = 24) were referenced by subsequent publications specifically with regard to the biomarkers. Only five positive biomarker studies were cited subsequently, and maximum tolerated dose was used for subsequent drug development in all cases. Conclusion Despite their increased use, the impact of biopsy-derived pharmacodynamic biomarkers in phase I oncology studies on subsequent drug development remains uncertain. No impact on subsequent dose or schedule was demonstrated. This issue requires further evaluation, given the risk and cost of such studies.
Ablation of the Stimulatory G Protein α-Subunit in Renal Proximal Tubules Leads to Parathyroid Hormone-Resistance With Increased Renal Cyp24a1 mRNA Abundance and Reduced Serum 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D
Authors: Zhu Yan , He Qing , Aydin Cumhur , Rubera Isabelle , Tauc Michel , Chen Min , Weinstein Lee S. , Marshansky Vladimir , Jüppner Harald , Bastepe Murat 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
PTH regulates serum calcium, phosphate, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) levels by acting on bone and kidney. In renal proximal tubules (PTs), PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate and stimulates the synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D. The PTH receptor couples to multiple G proteins. We here ablated the α-subunit of the stimulatory G protein (Gsα) in mouse PTs by using Cre recombinase driven by the promoter of type-2 sodium-glucose cotransporter (GsαSglt2KO mice). GsαSglt2KO mice were normophosphatemic but displayed, relative to controls, hypocalcemia (1.19 ±0.01 vs 1.23 ±0.01 mmol/L; P &lt; .05), reduced serum 1,25(OH)2D (59.3 ±7.0 vs 102.5 ±12.2 pmol/L; P &lt; .05), and elevated serum PTH (834 ±133 vs 438 ±59 pg/mL; P &lt; .05). PTH-induced elevation in urinary cAMP excretion was blunted in GsαSglt2KO mice (2- vs 4-fold over baseline in controls; P &lt; .05). Relative to baseline in controls, PTH-induced reduction in serum phosphate tended to be blunted in GsαSglt2KO mice (−0.39 ±0.33 vs −1.34 ±0.36 mg/dL; P = .07). GsαSglt2KO mice showed elevated renal vitamin D 24-hydroxylase and bone fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF23) mRNA abundance (∼3.4- and ∼11-fold over controls, respectively; P &lt; .05) and tended to have elevated serum FGF23 (829 ±76 vs 632 ±60 pg/mL in controls; P = .07). Heterozygous mice having constitutive ablation of the maternal Gsα allele (E1m−/+) (model of pseudohypoparathyroidism type-Ia), in which Gsα levels in PT are reduced, also exhibited elevated serum FGF23 (474 ±20 vs 374 ±27 pg/mL in controls; P &lt; .05). Our findings indicate that Gsα is required in PTs for suppressing renal vitamin D 24-hydroxylase mRNA levels and for maintaining normal serum 1,25(OH)2D.
Gsα Deficiency in the Ventromedial Hypothalamus Enhances Leptin Sensitivity and Improves Glucose Homeostasis in Mice on a High-Fat Diet
Authors: Berger Alta , Kablan Ahmed , Yao Catherine , Ho Thuy , Podyma Brandon , Weinstein Lee S. , Chen Min 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In both mice and patients with Albright hereditary osteodystrophy, heterozygous inactivating mutations of Gsα, a ubiquitously expressed G protein that mediates receptor-stimulated intracellular cAMP production, lead to obesity and insulin resistance but only when the mutation is present on the maternal allele. This parent-of-origin effect in mice was shown to be due to Gsα imprinting in one or more brain regions. The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) is involved in the regulation of energy and glucose homeostasis, but the role of Gsα in VMH on metabolic regulation is unknown. To examine this, we created VMH-specific Gsα-deficient mice by mating Gsα-floxed mice with SF1-cre mice. Heterozygotes with Gsα mutation on either the maternal or paternal allele had a normal metabolic phenotype, and there was no molecular evidence of Gsα imprinting, indicating that the parent-of-origin metabolic effects associated with Gsα mutations is not due to Gsα deficiency in VMH SF1 neurons. Homozygous VMH Gsα knockout mice (VMHGsKO) showed no changes in body weight on either a regular or high-fat diet. However, glucose metabolism (fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity) was significantly improved in male VMHGsKO mice, with the difference more dramatic on the high-fat diet. In addition, male VMHGsKO mice on the high-fat diet showed a greater anorexigenic effect and increased VMH signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 phosphorylation in response to leptin. These results indicate that VMH Gsα/cyclic AMP signaling regulates glucose homeostasis and alters leptin sensitivity in mice, particularly in the setting of excess caloric intake.
Quantitative trait loci mapping of dauer larvae development in growing populations of Caenorhabditis briggsae
Authors: Green James , Harvey Simon 
Published: December 2015

The life cycles of many free-living nematodes contain developmental switches that allow individuals to either develop directly to adulthood, or to arrest development as a stress resistant and long-lived dauer larval stage. Here, in a panel of Caenorhabditis briggsae recombinant inbred lines derived from the isolates HK104 x AF16, we use methodologies developed for C.elegans to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting the number of dauer larvae present at the point of food patch exhaustion. These analyses provide strong support for three QTLs and are suggestive of a further two.
More Papyri from Late Antique Memnonia in the British Library
Authors: Benaissa Amin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPublication of five Greek papyri from the village of Memnonia near Thebes (modern Medinet Habu, Coptic Djeme) housed in the British Library, and dating from the fifth and sixth centuries, a period comparatively poorly documented at Memnonia. The documents are contracts, mostly of sale, and enlarge our small body of evidence for the legal formulary, toponymy, and onomastics of this area in this period. No. 4 is a sale by an anchorite and two relatives of a building (or part of a building) designated by the novel Coptic word ptech.
Impact of Preoperative Anaemia on Outcome in Elective On-Pump Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Zellans Edgars , Ozolina Agnese , Lace Ilze , Strike Eva , Daukste Marite , Lacis Romans 
Published: December 2015

Summary

Introduction. Anaemia is a clinically important and increasingly frequent finding in cardiac surgery. Whether preoperative anaemia is an independent risk factor for adverse outcomes after elective cardiac surgery is still under discussion. We analysed prevalence of preoperative anaemia and its influence to outcome in patients undergoing elective on-pump cardiac surgery.

Aim of the Study. To analyse preoperative anaemia and its influence to outcome in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery.

Material and Methods. Prospective study was done from October 2013 to January 2014 at the Cardiac Surgery Centre of Pauls Stradins Clinical University Hospital. Data were collected on 192 patients who underwent elective on-pump cardiac surgery. The prevalence of preoperative anaemia was defined as haemoglobin (Hb) for men < 130 g/l, for women < 120 g/l. Surgical bleeding was found for 17 patients during re-operation, those were excluded from future analysis. Consequently, 175 were divided into two groups: anaemic (n=69) and control group (n=106). Anaemia relationships with haemotransfusions, postoperative complications as acute heart failure, infections, atrial fibrillation, acute kidney injury (AKI) and length of mechanical ventilation and stay in hospital were obtained.

Results. The overall prevalence of preoperative anaemia was 39%. Preoperative Hb values were 111 ± 13 g/l, MCHC 329 ± 12 g/l, MCV 86 ± 8 fl in anaemic group and in a control group Hb 140 ± 11 g/l, MCHC 335 ± 8 g/l, MCV 89 ± 9 fl (p < 0,001; p < 0,001; p = 0,01). Anaemic patients in 80% received red blood cell (RBC) transfusions 586 ± 801 ml and 47% in control group, p < 0,0001. Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) and Cryoprecipitate (Cryo) transfused volumes did not differ statistically between groups (p = 0,15; p = 0,2). Sensitivity and specificity of preoperative anaemia to haemotransfusions: area under curve for RBC transfusions 0,71, for FFP 0,57, for Cryo 0,44. Hb levels before and 24 hours after surgery correlated with RBC transfusions (r = - 0,4, - 0,5; p < 0,001). Anaemia is an independent risk factor for postoperative infection (p=0.04; OR 4.2; 95% C.I. 1.2-16.7) and AKI (p=0,02; OR 2.3; 95% C.I. 1.1-4.6). RBC transfusion volume is adjusted to postoperative infections and AKI, respectively, p = 0.004 and p = 0.01. Anaemic patients had statistically longer mechanical lung ventilation (p = 0.02) and stay in hospital (p = 0.04).

Conclusions. Preoperative anaemia, mainly normocytic normochromic (72%) and microcytic hypochromic (13%), is observed in 39%. Anaemic patients received major RBC transfusions to compare with non-anaemic patients. Preoperative anaemia and volume of RBC transfused are associated with development of AKI and infections postoperatively. Preoperative anaemia prolongs mechanical lung ventilation and in-hospital stay.
An Overview of Treatments for Congenital Forearm Longitudinal Deficiencies
Authors: Ozols Dzintars , Zarins Janis , Bergmanis Uldis , Mamaja Biruta , Petersons Aigars 
Published: December 2015

Summary

Introduction. Congenital anomalies are rare, affecting 1-2% of new-borns and only 10% of them have upper limb defects. Incidence of forearm longitudinal deficiencies is 1:55 000-1:100 000 live births which means that 1 case in every two to four years can be expected in Latvia.
Centralisation surgical procedure was the main treatment option until 2008, but it had the worst functional outcome (as literature data also show).
Starting from 2010, several new surgical techniques like microvascular metatarsophalangeal joint transfer, epiphyseal fibula flap transfer and wrist radialisation had been performed in the Microsurgery Centre of Latvia.

Aim of the study. A retrospective study to collect and assess functional outcomes of different types of surgeries.

Material and Methods. 5 patients (7 hands) with radial club hand deformity, one ulnar club hand deformity and one ulnar dimelia were treated in the Microsurgery Centre of Latvia from 2012 to 2014. The Paediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI) was used to evaluate functional outcome in children. ROM (range of motion), pinch and grasp forces were measured to establish wrist motion and stability. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate parents’ satisfaction.

Results. 3 patients (5 hands) were selected for the trial. Two patients (3 hands) were not evaluated as thumb reconstruction is not done yet. Patients had a small (10-25°) reoccurrence of radial deviation after centralisation and radialisation procedures, whereas MTP (metatarsophalangeal) joint transfer patients had straight wrists. Wrist joint functionality in MTP patients was following: extension of 10°-35° and flexion of 20°-90°. In MTP transfer patients, PEDI score was 56-58 for daily activities (normal score – 50), 69-70 for mobility (normal score – 63). VAS score was greater for MTP joint transfer patients.

Conclusion. Radial and ulnar deficiencies are rare and reconstructions should be done at age 2 - 4 years, because late reconstructions are more complicated due to the stiffness of the radial fingers. Radialisation procedure is the first choice for wrist stabilization, but, in some cases, MTP joint transfer or vascularised fibular head transfer can provide a better functional outcome in radial club hand patients.
Synchronous Renal and Hepatocellular Carcinomas
Authors: Jekabsone Solveiga , Bogdanova Tatjana , Abolins Arnis , Vanags Andrejs , Gardovskis Janis , Strumfa Ilze 
Published: December 2015

Summary
Multiple synchronous primary tumours can cause diagnostic difficulties regarding primary origin versus metastatic spread. Greater awareness of concurrent carcinogenesis is necessary as more frequent occurrence of multiple primary cancers can be expected in future due to the growing tumour burden in the aging world population along with improved treatment efficacy. Here we report a 58-year-old male patient, who was diagnosed with two rare synchronous tumours: hepatocellular carcinoma and renal clear cell carcinoma. Both tumours were radically removed by simultaneous liver and kidney resection.
Der Neopragmatismus und das Eichhörnchen
Authors: Bandelin Sebastian 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
According to Dewey, normative criteria are a part of the social process and insofar a process themselves. These criteria have to be reflected and reformulated in new situations in which new social problems occur. The democratic public is in this conception the realm in which a common elucidation of problematic social consequences of the existing institutions takes place and in which proposals for the overcoming of these consequences are formulated. Thereby it reconstructs the central norms embedded within the social institutions and shows how collective actions guided by these norms leads to problematic social consequences. This is then the background for a critical reflection on and a reformulation of the guiding norms of these institutions. To realize such a form of collective self-determination the democratic public has to be extended to all forms of social cooperation.
Musikedition 2.0: Das ,Aus‘ für den Edierten Notentext?
Authors: Veit Joachim 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe most severe criticism of the concepts of our monumental complete editions in music comes from the side of the editors themselves: laments about unpleasant compromises, ideas of ‘open’ or ‘loose leaf editions’, the wish to easily reprint editions with corrections and addenda, or the complaint about the lack of transparency in editorial decisions - all these details contribute to the impression that the function of critical editions will change fundamentally when we enter the digital world. The example of the several editions of Beethoven’s 1st Symphony, which are all based on the same authentic source (printed parts) shows that aspects of the production and transmission process which help to understand editorial problems in general are more interesting than the edited texts. Similar problems appear in manuscripts and the broad availability of scanned sources brings out the question if, on the one hand, we will have to differentiate between graphemes which until now have been summed up under the same notion, and whereas on the other hand we perhaps often tend to be more sophisticated in terms of exactness than coevals. Thus the move to digital editions will promote questions about writing processes in general and will strengthen the role of contextual knowledge. At the same time this contributes to a clear shift of interest - the former ‘edited text’ is no longer the main goal of a critical edition.
MELLAN DOMESTICERING OCH EXOTISERING.
Authors: Pietrzak-Porwisz Grażyna 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The present paper deals with culture-specific items as a translational problem. It is based on two Polish translations of four Swedish books from the famous detective series by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö.
The aim of the study is to analyze some of the practices employed by two Polish translators against the translation methods proposed by Newmark (1988), Svane (2002) and Ingo (2009). For this purpose a number of highly specific cultural items have been collected and the methods applied by translators have been identified.
The analysis has shown a big difference between translators in dealing with culture-specific items. The first translator, Maria Olszańska, adopts such translation methods as calque translation, hyperonym, functional equivalent, paraphrase and omission. The other translator, Halina Thylwe, prefers transference and calque translation combined with additional explanations, either in the main part of the text or in footnotes. The methods employed by both translators are a result of choosing between global translation strategies domestication and foreignization (Venuti 1995). Domestication, adopted in the older translations, minimizes the strangeness of the Swedish text to the Polish readers, whereas foreignization in the newer translations retains the foreignness of the original.
NOMINA INSTRUMENTI BLANDT KOMPOSITA I DANSK OG DERES POLSKE ÆKVIVALENTER
Authors: Szubert Andrzej 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The article is an attempt at analyzing Danish nomina instrumenti among compounds and finding patterns of equivalence in Polish. The analysis of the collected corpus has shown that the Polish equivalents of the Danish compounds are not compounds but, with the exception of a minor group of derivates, they have the form of phrases. The analysis has shown patterns of regular Polish structures corresponding to the Danish compounds.
Numerical Verification Of Geotechnical Structure In Unfavourable Geological Conditions – Case Study
Authors: Drusa Marián 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Numerical modelling represents a powerful tool not only for special geotechnical calculations in cases of complicated and difficult structure design or their foundation conditions, but also for regular tasks of structure foundation. Finite element method is the most utilized method of numerical modelling. This method was used for calculations of the retaining wall monitored during 5 years after construction. Retaining wall of the parking lot with the facing from gabion blocks was chosen for numerical model. Besides the unfavourable geological conditions, a soft nature of the facing was also a difficult part of the modelling. This paper presents the results of the modelling when exact geometry, material characteristics and construction stages were simulated. The results capture the trend of displacements even though the basic material models were utilized. The modelling proved the ability of the finite element method to model the retaining structure with sufficient accuracy as well as reasonable demand on quality and quantity of input data. This method can then be used as a regular design tool during project preparation.