bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dinuclear Dysprosium Compounds: The Importance of Rigid Bridges
Authors: Pfleger Rouven F. , Briganti Matteo , Bonde Niels , Ollivier Jacques , Braun Jonas , Bergfeldt Thomas , Piligkos Stergios , Ruppert Thomas , Anson Christopher E. , Perfetti Mauro , Bendix Jesper , Powell Annie K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report the synthesis, structures and magnetic behaviour of two isostructural dinuclear Dy3+ complexes where the metal ions of a previously reported monomeric building block are connected by a peroxide (O22−) or a pair of fluoride (2×F−) bridges. The nature of the bridge determines the distance between the metal ion dipoles leading to a dipolar coupling in the peroxido bridged compound of only ca. 70 % of that in the bis‐fluorido bridged dimer. The sign of the overall coupling between the metals is antiferromagnetic for the peroxido bridged compound and ferromagnetic for the bis‐fluorido bridged complex. This in turn influences the magnetisation dynamics. We compare the relaxation characteristics of the dimers with those of the previously reported monomeric building block. The relaxation dynamics for the bis‐fluorido system are very fast. On the other hand, comparing the properties of the monomer, the peroxido bridged sample and the corresponding Y‐doped sample show that the relaxation properties via a Raman process have very similar parameters. We show that a second dysprosium is important for either tuning or detuning the Single Molecule Magnet (SMM) properties of a system.
Exploring the Magnetism of C5/C2B3 Heteroleptic Organolanthanide Sandwiches
Authors: Liu Ye‐Ye , Luo Qian‐Cheng , Jin Peng‐Bo , Zheng Yan‐Zhen 
Published: October 2024

Comprehensive SummaryTwo families of cyclopentadienyl (Cp)/carboranyl heteroleptic sandwiched organolanthanide complexes, namely [Ln{η5:σ‐Me2C(C5H4)(C2B10H10)}2][Li(DME)3] (1Ln, Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er) and [2‐THF‐2'‐(μ2‐Cl)Li(THF)3‐2,2'‐Ln(nido‐1,7‐C2B9H11)Cp*] (2Dy), were synthesized. Family of 1Ln has been proposed based on the mixing‐ligands idea by linking Cp and nido‐dicarborllide. However, the carborane cage of [Me2C(C5H4)(C2B10H10)]2− deprotons and forms a mono‐C− anion rather than deboron to form dicarborllide dianion. Hence, the family of 1Ln features a dysprosocenium skeleton with extra two coordination of C− anions of carborllides. Such coordination geometry is more like a tetrahedron if abstracting the centroids of two coordinated Cp rings. In this cubic‐type geometry, no significant magnetic axiality is presented; only 1Dy and 1Tb show field‐induced slow magnetic relaxation behavior below 10 K. Inspired by 1Ln, the free pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*−) and nido‐dicarborllide ligands are used to sandwich central Dy3+ ion, achieving heteroleptic complex 2Dy. The bending angle by linking the centroid of Cp*−, Dy3+ and C2B32− in 2Dy is increased to 132.8(1)°. As such, the effective energy barrier for magnetic reversal (Ueff) and magnetic blocking temperature TB (ZFC) are both increased (Ueff = 616(10) K; TB = 6 K). The effort of further enhancing Ueff and TB in such heteroleptic organolanthanide sandwiches should rely on keeping increasing the ligand axiality.
A Critical Review of the Synthesis and Applications of Spinel‐Derived Catalysts to Bio‐Oil Upgrading
Authors: Yang Sasha , Gu Jinxing , Dai Baiqian , Zhang Lian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe transformation of renewable bio‐oil into value‐added chemicals and bio‐oil through catalytic processes embodies an efficient approach within the realm of advancing sustainable energy. Spinel‐based catalysts have garnered significant attention owing to their ability to precisely tune metals within the framework, thereby facilitating adjustments to structural, physical, and electronic properties, coupled with their remarkable thermal stability. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in spinel‐based catalysts tailored specifically for upgrading bio‐oil. Its objective is to shed light on their potential to address the limitations of conventional catalysts, thereby advancing sustainable biofuel production. Initially, a comprehensive analysis is conducted on different metal oxide composites in terms of their similarity and dissimilarity on properties. Subsequently, the synthesis methodologies of spinels are scrutinised and potential avenues for their modification are explored. Following this, an in‐depth discussion ensues regarding the utilisation of spinels as catalysts or catalyst precursors for catalytic cracking, ketonisation, catalytic hydrodeoxygenation, steam and aqueous‐phase reforming, as well as electrocatalytic upgrading of bio‐oil, with a specific emphasis on elucidating their catalytic reactivity, and underlying structure‐activity correlation and catalysis mechanisms. Finally, the challenges and potential prospects in utilising spinels for the catalytic valorisation of renewable biofuel are addressed, with a specific focus on the use of machine learning – based approaches to optimise the structure and activity of spinel catalysts. This review aims to provide specific directions for further exploration and maximisation of the spinel catalysts in the bio‐oil upgrading field.
Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided choledochoduodenostomy versus hepaticogastrostomy combined with gastroenterostomy in malignant double obstruction (CABRIOLET_Pro): A prospective comparative study
Authors: Vanella Giuseppe , Leone Roberto , Frigo Francesco , Bronswijk Michiel , van Wanrooij Roy L. J. , Tamburrino Domenico , Orsi Giulia , Belfiori Giulio , Macchini Marina , Reni Michele , Aldrighetti Luca , Falconi Massimo , Capurso Gabriele , van der Merwe Schalk , Arcidiacono Paolo Giorgio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesMalignant double obstruction, defined as the simultaneous presence of biliary and gastric outlet obstruction, represents a challenging clinical scenario. Previous retrospective experiences have demonstrated shorter dysfunction‐free survival (DyFS) of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided choledochoduodenostomy (EUS‐CDS) versus EUS‐hepaticogastrostomy (EUS‐HGS) in this setting, but no prospective evidence is available.MethodsTwenty consecutive patients with malignant double obstruction, treated with EUS‐gastroenterostomy (and EUS‐guided biliary drainage, following a previously failed ERCP, were enrolled in a prospective observational study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04813055) comparing EUS‐CDS versus EUS‐HGS. Efficacy and safety were evaluated, with Biliary Dysfunctions as the primary outcome and DyFS using Kaplan‐Meier estimates as a primary measure.ResultsTwenty patients (75% with pancreatic cancer, 50% with metastatic disease) with EUS‐gastroenterostomy were included (seven EUS‐CDS and 13 EUS‐HGS). No significant difference was detected at baseline. Technical success was 100% in both groups. EUS‐CDS compared to EUS‐HGS showed similar clinical success (100% vs. 92.3%, p = 0.5), a higher rate of post‐procedural adverse events (42.9% vs. 7.7%, p = 0.067, mostly related to severe/fatal cholangitis in the EUS‐CDS group) and a higher rate of biliary dysfunctions during follow‐up (71.4% vs. 16.7%, p = 0.002).DyFS was significantly shorter in the EUS‐CDS group (39 [15–62] vs. 268 [192–344] days, p = 0.0023), with a 30‐days DyFS probability of 57.1% vs. 100% (hazard ratio = 7.8 [1.4–44.2]).ConclusionsIn this prospective comparison of patients with malignant double obstruction undergoing EUS‐gastroenterostomy, treating jaundice with EUS‐CDS versus EUS‐HGS resulted in a reduced probability of survival without biliary events and an increased risk of biliary dysfunctions (number needed to harm = 1.8), with detection of severe/fatal cholangitis.
Comparative clumped isotope temperature relationships in freshwater carbonates
Authors: Arnold Alexandrea , Mering John , Chari Lauren , Román‐Palacios Cristian , Li Huashu , Petrys,hyn Victoria , Mitsunaga Bryce , Elliott Ben , Wilson John , Lucarelli Jamie , Boch Ronny , Ibarra Daniel , Li Lin , Fan Majie , Kaufman Darrell , Cohen Andrew , Dunbar Rob , Russell James , Lalonde Stefan , Roy Priyadarsi D. , Dietzel Martin , Liu Xingqi , Chang Fengming , Eagle Robert A. , Tripati Aradhna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLacustrine, riverine and spring carbonates represent archives of terrestrial climates and their geochemistry has been used to study palaeoenvironments. Clumped isotope thermometry is an emerging tool that has been applied to freshwater carbonates. Limited work has been done to evaluate comparative relationships between clumped isotopes and temperature in different types of modern freshwater carbonates. This study assembles an extensive calibration data set with 135 samples of modern freshwater carbonates from 96 sites and constrains the relationship between independent observations of water temperature and the clumped isotopic composition of carbonates (denoted by Δ47), including new measurements, and recalculates published data in accordance with current community‐defined standard values. For temperature reconstruction, the study reports a composite freshwater calibration and material‐specific calibrations for biogenic carbonates (freshwater gastropods and bivalves), fine‐grained carbonate (e.g. micrites), biologically mediated carbonates (microbialites and tufas) and travertines. Material‐specific calibration trends show a convergence of slopes that are in agreement with recently published syntheses, but statistically significant differences in intercepts occur between some materials (e.g. some biogenics, fine‐grained carbonates). These differences may arise due to unresolved seasonal biases, kinetic isotope effects and/or varying degrees of biological influence. The impact of different calibrations is shown through application to new data for glacial and deglacial age travertines from Austria and published data sets. While material‐specific calibrations may yield more accurate results for biogenic and fine‐grained carbonate samples, the use of material‐specific and the composite freshwater calibrations generally produces values within 1.0–1.5°C of each other, and typically fall within calibration uncertainty given limitations of precision.
Functional significance of earthworm clitellum in regulating the various biological aspects of cell survival and regeneration
Authors: Selvan Christyraj Jackson Durairaj , Vaidhyalingham Ashwin Barath , Sengupta Chandini , Rajagopalan Kamarajan , Vadivelu Kayalvizhi , Suresh Nandha Kumar , Venkatachalam Bharathi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEarthworms are a highly abundant species in nature, with nearly 7000 different species being discovered. Despite the similarities in morphology among earthworm species, their regeneration capabilities vary based on the clitellum. The clitellum plays a crucial role in the clitellum‐dependent worms, as it is involved in the processes of regeneration and reproduction in earthworms. The fascinating characteristic of the clitellum, which serves as a hub for stem cells in clitellum‐dependent worms, plays a crucial role in various biological processes that require further exploration. This review focuses on the overall physiological functions and uncovers the lesser‐known roles of the clitellum that have been documented in various research articles. In recent times, numerous studies have been conducted using the earthworm model to explore various areas. In that regard, the clitellum's different roles in regulating and controlling stem cells, the regeneration process, regulation of organogenesis, stress response, aging, autotomy, and various features have been briefly discussed. Ultimately, we emphasized the unique and versatile role of the clitellum in the animal model, making it an ideal choice for studying development, regeneration, stem cells, organogenesis, toxicology, autotomy, and aging response.
Functional diversity dynamics of waterbird communities driven by water levels at Shengjin Lake, a small river‐connected shallow lake in the middle and lower Yangtze River floodplain
Authors: Wang Yongzhi , Ji Xianglin , Zhou Lizhi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGate‐controlled activities in lakes can directly or indirectly influence the assembly of waterbird communities. Shengjin Lake, a Ramsar site, is a typical river‐connected and gate‐controlled shallow lake in the lower and middle Yangtze River floodplain in China, comprising three sub‐lakes (upper, middle, and lower) based on topographical features. We surveyed wintering waterbirds at Shengjin Lake from October 2022 to March 2023. We divided the winter water level period into nine phases based on the characteristics of water level changes. By measuring functional diversity, we aimed to provide insights into the differences in waterbird communities among the three sub‐lakes under different water level conditions. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between habitat factors and functional diversity. We further explored the relationship between specific functional traits and habitat factors through a combination of the R‐mode linked to the Q‐mode and the trait‐environment correlation matrix (fourth‐corner analyses) to explain the mechanism underlying waterbird community assembly. When the water level fluctuated in the range of 10.43–10.74 m (Huanghai elevation), the three sub‐lakes had significant habitat differences and high habitat heterogeneity, increasing functional richness and functional dispersion of the upper and lower lakes, both of which significantly differed from those of the middle lake. Habitat heterogeneity and mudflat habitats have positive effects on functional diversity. The difference in functional diversity was primarily determined based on the foraging traits and strata of waterbirds. Habitat filtering of particular traits is a major driving force underlying the assembly of waterbird communities. Overall, we suggest that the minimum water level in the wintering period at Shengjin Lake should be regulated between 10.43 and 10.74 m. These findings provide reasonable suggestions for water level regulation and a theoretical basis for conserving waterbird diversity at Shengjin Lake.
Temperature‐driven convergence and divergence of ecohydrological dynamics in the ecosystems of a sky island mountain range
Authors: Petrie Matthew D. , Bradford John B. , Schlaepfer Daniel R. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractForest and woodland decline is predicted to be increasingly influenced by meteorological variation and climate change in the future. By determining how meteorological variation leads to similar versus differing ecohydrological dynamics of forest and woodland ecosystems, we can gain insight on how future climate‐driven declines may be realized. We characterized 23 mixed conifer forest (MC), ponderosa pine forest (PP) and piñon pine–juniper woodland (PJ) sites with different canopy covers in southern Nevada, USA. We compared meteorological variation between these sites and employed water balance modelling and information theory to estimate similarity in the density distributions of soil temperature (Ts), soil water potential (SWP) and transpiration partitioning into total evapotranspiration (T/ET) within and across ecosystems in wetter and drier seasons and in cooler and warmer decades. From 1941 to 2020, this location experienced declines in meteorological water deficit due to higher precipitation, although temperatures increased over more recent time periods (1981–2020). From 1981 to 2020, we generally found greater similarity in SWP and T/ET distributions within MC sites and PP sites in the cool season and in the warm season generally found greater similarity in Ts and T/ET distributions within and between PP and PJ sites (excepting T/ET between PJ sites and higher canopy cover PP sites). Recent warm decades promoted convergence in warm and cool season Ts dynamics, such that Ts dynamics generally became more similar between higher elevation MC sites and lower elevation PP–PJ sites. At the same time, warmer decades initiated divergence of SWP and T/ET dynamics within groups of MC–PP and PP–PJ sites that were formerly more similar to each other (excepting SWP in wet seasons). Although their dynamics will remain strongly coupled to precipitation, warming temperatures have the potential to promote divergence in the ecohydrological dynamics of ecosystems at lower and higher elevations in this sky island system and may also promote novel within‐ecosystem divergence associated with variation in vegetation structural attributes.
High beta diversity of gaps contributes to plot‐level tree diversity in a tropical forest
Authors: Kong Fanhua , He Fangliang , Chisholm Ryan A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCanopy gaps are widely recognized as being crucial for maintaining the diversity of forest tree communities. But empirical studies have found mixed results because the differences in diversity between individual gaps and non‐gaps are often small and statistically undetectable. One overlooked factor, however, is how small individual gap versus non‐gap differences may accumulate across sites and potentially have a large effect on forest diversity at the plot scale. Our study investigated sapling richness, density, and composition in 124 treefall gaps, and 200 non‐gap sites in the 50‐ha tropical forest plot at Barro Colorado Island (BCI), Panama. Additionally, we analyzed species accumulation curves to understand how species richness increases with increasing stem numbers. We observed that sapling richness and density were only slightly higher in gaps 7 years after formation and statistically indistinguishable from non‐gaps after 12 years. However, species accumulation curves across multiple gaps were substantially higher than those across non‐gaps. Species composition showed small differences between individual gaps and non‐gaps but differed significantly between collections of gaps and non‐gaps. Specifically, 55 species specialized in 7‐year‐old gaps compared with 24 in non‐gaps; of these, 23 gap‐specialized species and zero non‐gap species were pioneers. Our results indicate that tree species richness is higher in gaps because of both higher stem density and the presence of gap‐specialized species. Our study has finally provided compelling evidence to support the idea that gaps enhance the overall diversity of tropical forest tree communities.
Optimizing Winglet Cant Angle for Enhanced Aircraft Wing Performance Using CFD Simulation and Hybrid ANN‐GA
Authors: Mandia Vidhit , Sharma Vipul , Chandra Yash , Kumar Gaurav , Singh Raj Kumar 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWinglets are an extended angled or vertical projected at the wing tips used to reduce the drag encountered during the flight of an aircraft. The main aim of this research was to study the effects of winglets on NACA 4412 airfoil at 15° angle of attack. The simulation was done on the basis of the aerodynamic properties such as lift (CL), drag (CD), and lift/drag (CL/CD) ratio for both with and without the winglets at various cant angles. The designing was carried out in ANSYS Design Modeler for both with and without winglet. Further, the meshing part was again carried out in ANSYS Mesh. K‐Epsilon (two equation) turbulence model is used for the simulation at the inlet speed of 100 m/s, since it is the most common model used to simulate the mean flow characteristics for high turbulent conditions. Further, the cant angle has been optimized to get the maximum coefficient of lift using Nelder Mead, Genetic Algorithm, and Genetic Algorithm with ANN optimization techniques.
Assessment of patient safety culture among healthcare providers in tertiary hospitals in Malaysia—A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Sok May Cheong , Sivanandy Palanisamy , Ingle Pravinkumar V. , Manirajan Priya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimPatient safety culture is crucial for every health care institution, as a lack of it may harm patients seeking treatment. The current study aimed to identify the level of safety culture and assess the knowledge, attitude, and perception of patient safety culture among healthcare providers (HCPs') in tertiary hospital settings.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted among HCPs from two private tertiary hospitals in Johor and Selangor. A structured validated questionnaire, including the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture, was used to assess the level of patient safety culture in these hospitals.ResultsIn this study, the calculated sample size was 320, and all 550 eligible participants from both hospitals were approached to participate. However, only 158 responded, resulting in a response rate of 49.38%. The majority of the HCPs (n = 110; 69%) rated their hospital as very good or excellent in maintaining an overall patient safety culture. The study revealed that communication about the errors (PRR = 80) and organizational learning and continuous improvement (PRR = 74) were good in their hospital settings. However, staffing and work pace (PRR = 28), response to errors (PRR = 40), reporting patient safety events (PRR = 48), and handoffs and information exchange (PRR = 39) were inadequate. These findings indicate the negative attitudes among HCPs and the need for further improvement to maintain a culture of patient safety.ConclusionHCPs in the study settings had optimal knowledge but negative attitudes towards the culture of patient safety in their organization. Inadequate staffing, work pace, and a lack of response to mistakes were commonly observed, which may increase the chances of errors and pose health threats to patients that need to be addressed immediately. Every healthcare organization is urged to address the issue of patient safety culture as a matter of urgency.
Internet‐based third‐wave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) for reducing stress in parents of children and adolescents with chronic conditions: Systematic review and meta‐analysis protocol
Authors: Davey Maria , Fried Leanne , Chih Hui Jun , Rooney Rosanna , Roberts Alison 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundParents of children and adolescents with chronic conditions have an increased risk of stress‐related mental health problems, and reduced quality of life. Third wave Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) interventions have been shown to reduce stress in this parent population. Studies demonstrate that this efficacy endures when these therapies are delivered online. The aim of this protocol is to describe the methodology and methods that will be employed for a systematic review and meta‐analysis that investigates the effectiveness of internet‐based third‐wave CBT interventions for parents of children and adolescents with chronic conditions, and their potential to reduce stress for parents.Methods/DesignThis systematic review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) approach. A search of peer‐reviewed journal articles published from January 1970 to December 2022 will be undertaken in the following databases: CINHAHL, EMBASE, EMCARE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO. Title and abstract screening together with data extraction will be completed by two reviewers, and will be arbitrated by a third reviewer, should there be any discrepancies. The risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. Data related to the primary outcome (i.e. reduction of stress in parents) will be extracted for analysis.ResultsThis Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis plans to provide a conclusive overview of the available evidence on the effectiveness of internet‐based third‐wave parent interventions and their ability to reduce stress in parents of children and adolescents with chronic conditions. If the results of this analysis prove positive, further research can be undertaken to support this vulnerable parent population. The findings of the review will be published in a peer‐reviewed journal.DiscussionThird‐wave internet‐based approaches may show great promise in supporting parents to cope with the stress/distress associated with parenting a child with a chronic condition. This protocol will guide a systematic literature review of the evidence for internet‐based third‐wave interventions for this parent population.RegistrationThis systematic review was registered on PROSPERO on 24th June, 2022 (Registration: CRD42022337334).