bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The battle for Bankside: electricity, politics and the plans for post-war London
Authors: MURRAY STEPHEN 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT:In the mid-1940s a conflict arose – the battle for Bankside – between two plans for a contested space on London's South Bank. The electricity industry planned to rebuild Bankside power station to alleviate a critical shortage of electricity, whereas theCounty of London Planenvisaged redevelopment of the area as public gardens, flats and offices. This article examines these plans and their entanglement in the planning system as then constituted; it argues that the significance of the planning principles escalated the arguments from a local issue to the highest level of government. The roles of key actors who manoeuvred to influence the decision-making process are explored. The article demonstrates that the power station approval was crisis driven and imposed ill-considered conditions with long-term implications. Elements of theCounty of London Planwere realized through deindustrialization and the transformation of the long-derelict power station into Tate Modern in 2000.
Direct catalytic hydrogenation of CO2 to formate over a Schiff-base-mediated gold nanocatalyst
Authors: Liu Qinggang , Yang Xiaofeng , Li Lin , Miao Shu , Li Yong , Li Yanqin , Wang Xinkui , Huang Yanqiang , Zhang Tao 
Published: November 2017

AbstractCatalytic transformation of CO2 to formate is generally realized through bicarbonate hydrogenation in an alkaline environment, while it suffers from a thermodynamic sink due to the considerable thermodynamic stability of the bicarbonate intermediate. Here, we devise a route for the direct catalytic conversion of CO2 over a Schiff-base-modified gold nanocatalyst that is comparable to the fastest known nanocatalysts, with a turnover number (TON) of up to 14,470 over 12 h at 90 °C. Theoretical calculations and spectral analysis results demonstrate that the activation of CO2 can be achieved through a weakly bonded carbamate zwitterion intermediate derived from a simple Lewis base adduct of CO2. However, this can only occur with a hydrogen lacking Lewis base center in a polar solvent. This finding offers a promising avenue for the direct activation of CO2 and is likely to have considerable implications in the fields of CO2 conversion and gold catalytic chemistry.
An electrically reconfigurable logic gate intrinsically enabled by spin-orbit materials
Authors: Kazemi Mohammad 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe spin degree of freedom in magnetic devices has been discussed widely for computing, since it could significantly reduce energy dissipation, might enable beyond Von Neumann computing, and could have applications in quantum computing. For spin-based computing to become widespread, however, energy efficient logic gates comprising as few devices as possible are required. Considerable recent progress has been reported in this area. However, proposals for spin-based logic either require ancillary charge-based devices and circuits in each individual gate or adopt principals underlying charge-based computing by employing ancillary spin-based devices, which largely negates possible advantages. Here, we show that spin-orbit materials possess an intrinsic basis for the execution of logic operations. We present a spin-orbit logic gate that performs a universal logic operation utilizing the minimum possible number of devices, that is, the essential devices required for representing the logic operands. Also, whereas the previous proposals for spin-based logic require extra devices in each individual gate to provide reconfigurability, the proposed gate is ‘electrically’ reconfigurable at run-time simply by setting the amplitude of the clock pulse applied to the gate. We demonstrate, analytically and numerically with experimentally benchmarked models, that the gate performs logic operations and simultaneously stores the result, realizing the ‘stateful’ spin-based logic scalable to ultralow energy dissipation.
Carbon Nanotube Array Based Binary Gabor Zone Plate Lenses
Authors: Deng Sunan , Jwad Tahseen , Li Chi , Benton David , Yetisen Ali K. , Jiang Kyle , Dai Qing , Butt Haider 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDiffractive zone plates have a wide range of applications from focusing x-ray to extreme UV radiation. The Gabor zone plate, which suppresses the higher-order foci to a pair of conjugate foci, is an attractive alternative to the conventional Fresnel zone plate. In this work, we developed a novel type of Beynon Gabor zone plate based on perfectly absorbing carbon nanotube forest. Lensing performances of 0, 8 and 20 sector Gabor zone plates were experimentally analyzed. Numerical investigations of Beynon Gabor zone plate configurations were in agreement with the experimental results. A high-contrast focal spot having 487 times higher intensity than the average background was obtained.
Overexpression of DYRK1A, a Down Syndrome Candidate gene, Impairs Primordial Germ Cells Maintenance and Migration in zebrafish
Authors: Liu Yanyan , Lin Ziyuan , Liu Mingfeng , Wang He , Sun Huaqin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDYRK1A, located on chromosome 21, is a major candidate gene of Down syndrome (DS, trisomy21), and its overexpression is associated with abnormal phenotype of Down syndrome patients. The defects of gonads and germ cells in Down Syndrome suggest that overexpression of DYRK1A has potential effect on primordial germ cells (PGCs) development. Human and zebrafish DYRK1A protein sequence possess 75.6% similarity and same function domains, suggesting the evolutional conservation. Here, we used zebrafish model to detect the definite role of excessive expression of DYRK1A in PGCs development during embryogenesis. We injected DYRK1A mRNA into embryos and detected the PGCs marker gene vasa and nanos1. Results showed depletion in numbers and disordering migration of PGCs in human or zebrafish DYRK1A overexpressed zebrafish embryos. Quantitative proteome analysis indicated that embryonic proteins were significantly altered in DYRK1A overexpressed embryos. Of note, ca15b and piwil1, two identified critical factors for PGCs development, showed ectopic expression induced by overexpressed DYRK1A. In brief, we demonstrate that overexpression of DYRK1A, a candidate gene of Down’s syndrome, impairs PGCs development during early embryogenesis by altering key factors in embryos. Importantly, our work may provide a conceivable mechanism for the gonads and germ cells defects of Down syndrome patients.
A Conjunctival Vascular Malformation as a Rare Presenting Sign of Wyburn–Mason Syndrome
Authors: Buyse Gunnar , Lagae Lieven , Demaerel Philippe , Kesteloot Frank , Casteels Ingele , Knoors Louise 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWyburn–Mason syndrome is a rare condition that is characterized by ipsilateral arteriovenous malformations affecting the eye, brain, and facial skin. A conjunctival vascular dilation can be a rare ocular presenting sign. We report a 6-year-old boy who attended the hospital because of the sudden appearance of a conjunctival vascular lesion in his right eye. Inspection of his facial skin showed a subtle discoloration along the right trigeminal nerve and a vascular structure of the conjunctiva. Fundoscopy showed dilated and tortuous retinal vessels. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a large arteriovenous malformation involving the thalamus and perimesencephalic area. Ophthalmologic and neuroradiologic findings were consistent with the diagnosis of Wyburn–Mason syndrome. The sudden emergence of a vascular malformation in the conjunctiva should alert the clinician to perform an ophthalmoscopy, and in our patient, this finding was the clue to diagnosis of Wyburn–Mason syndrome. Because of the association between retinal and intracranial arteriovenous malformations, an MRI of the brain is strongly recommended in all patients with ocular arteriovenous malformations.
Can Neonatal Hypoglycemia be Considered a Risk Factor for Development of Acquired Arachnoid Cysts?
Authors: Cattalani Andrea , Grasso Vincenzo , Longo Gian Paolo , Sgubin Donatella , Cremonte Maurizio , Barbanera Andrea , Vitali Matteo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractArachnoid cysts (ACs) are intra-arachnoid fluid collections and may be classified as primary or secondary in nature. Neonatal hypoglycemia (NH) is a common, life-threatening metabolic disorder in infants. We present the case of a term infant who suffered severe NH within 72 hours after birth and subsequently developed an acquired Sylvian AC.A child of 13 months of age, with history of severe NH within 72 hours after birth, was admitted after two generalized seizures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed dimensional increase of a left Sylvian AC, not present on imaging on day one of life but revealed with a second MRI at 16 days of age. The timeline of events suggests some kind of correlation between the newborn's metabolic disorder, appearance of the AC, and its progressive expansion. We speculate that NH's organic consequences, i.e., cortical and white matter atrophy might have favored some kind of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) dynamic alteration and AC development in our patient. Further structured studies are needed to confirm our hypothesis and reveal NH as a risk factor in the pathogenesis of ACs.
Phosphatidylserine save-me signals drive functional recovery of severed axons inCaenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Abay Zehra C. , Wong Michelle Yu-Ying , Teoh Jean-Sébastien , Vijayaraghavan Tarika , Hilliard Massimo A. , Neumann Brent 
Published: November 2017

SignificanceNervous system injury can cause lifelong disability, because repair rarely leads to reconnection with the target tissue. In the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegansand in several other species, regeneration can proceed through a mechanism of axonal fusion, whereby regrowing axons reconnect and fuse with their own separated fragments, rapidly and efficiently restoring the original axonal tract. We have found that the process of axonal fusion restores full function to damaged neurons. In addition, we show that injury-induced changes to the axonal membrane that result in exposure of lipid “save-me” signals mediate the level of axonal fusion. Thus, our results establish axonal fusion as a complete regenerative mechanism that can be modulated by changing the level of save-me signals exposed after injury.
Scale-dependent portfolio effects explain growth inflation and volatility reduction in landscape demography
Authors: Hui Cang , Fox Gordon A. , Gurevitch Jessica 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Population demography is central to many problems in ecology, evolution, and conservation biology, yet there is a gap between the information needed about the demography of population over multiple spatial scales and the available data, which are largely local. Inspired by concepts from landscape ecology and Markowitz's investment portfolio theory, we address this lacuna by developing a method for quantifying and predicting the demography of multiple populations across spatial scales and apply it to gypsy moth populations. We show that population demography is scale-dependent due largely to a tilted portfolio effect from skewed population size distributions and covarying population growth rate; this explains why population ensembles can have growth rates greater than the mean with variance smaller than the mean.
An RNA structure-mediated, posttranscriptional model of human α-1-antitrypsin expression
Authors: Corley Meredith , Solem Amanda , Phillips Gabriela , Lackey Lela , Ziehr Benjamin , Vincent Heather A. , Mustoe Anthony M. , Ramos Silvia B. V. , Weeks Kevin M. , Moorman Nathaniel J. , Laederach Alain 
Published: November 2017

SignificanceProtein and mRNA expression are in most cases poorly correlated, which suggests that the posttranscriptional regulatory program of a cell is an important component of gene expression. This regulatory network is still poorly understood, including how RNA structure quantitatively contributes to translational control. We present here a series of structural and functional experiments that together allow us to derive a quantitative, structure-dependent model of translation that accurately predicts translation efficiency in reporter assays and primary human tissue for a complex and medically important protein, α-1-antitrypsin. Our model demonstrates the importance of accurate, experimentally derived RNA structural models partnered with Kozak sequence information to explain protein expression and suggests a strategy by which α-1-antitrypsin expression may be increased in diseased individuals.
Myoanatomy of the velvet worm leg revealed by laboratory-based nanofocus X-ray source tomography
Authors: Müller Mark , de Sena Oliveira Ivo , Allner Sebastian , Ferstl Simone , Bidola Pidassa , Mechlem Korbinian , Fehringer Andreas , Hehn Lorenz , Dierolf Martin , Achterhold Klaus , Gleich Bernhard , Hammel Jörg U. , Jahn Henry , Mayer Georg , Pfeiffer Franz 
Published: November 2017

Significance
X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging has become popular for investigating, nondestructively and three-dimensionally, both external and internal structures of various specimens. However, the limited resolution of conventional laboratory-based CT systems (≥500 nm) still hampers the detailed visualization of features on the low nanometer level. We present a laboratory CT device and data processing pipeline to routinely and efficiently generate high-resolution 3D data (≈100 nm) without requiring synchrotron radiation facilities. Our setup is especially relevant for conducting detailed analysis of very small biological samples, as demonstrated for a walking appendage of a velvet worm. Comparative analyses of our CT data with those obtained from other popular imaging methods highlight the advantages and future applicability of the nanoCT setup.
Sea anemone model has a single Toll-like receptor that can function in pathogen detection, NF-κB signal transduction, and development
Authors: Brennan Joseph J. , Messerschmidt Jonathan L. , Williams Leah M. , Matthews Bryan J. , Reynoso Marinaliz , Gilmore Thomas D. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Toll-like receptors (TLR) are involved in pathogen recognition and defense in organisms from fruit flies to humans. Recent genomic evidence suggests that TLRs and their downstream signaling components are present in more basal phyla. We characterize a TLR in a sea anemone model and demonstrate its ability to activate NF-κB signaling when exposed to a bacterial pathogen and a known human TLR activator. Moreover, this TLR has an early developmental role in anemones. We also identify a primitive sea anemone organ that expresses components of the TLR–to–NF-κB pathway. These results demonstrate that TLRs have ancient roles in NF-κB signal transduction, pathogen detection, and development, thus providing molecular insights into how simple marine invertebrates may respond to pathogens.
Contemporary H3N2 influenza viruses have a glycosylation site that alters binding of antibodies elicited by egg-adapted vaccine strains
Authors: Zost Seth J. , Parkhouse Kaela , Gumina Megan E. , Kim Kangchon , Diaz Perez Sebastian , Wilson Patrick C. , Treanor John J. , Sant Andrea J. , Cobey Sarah , Hensley Scott E. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
The majority of influenza vaccine antigens are prepared in chicken eggs. Human vaccine strains grown in eggs often possess adaptive mutations that increase viral attachment to chicken cells. Most of these adaptive mutations are in the hemagglutinin protein, which functions as a viral attachment factor. Here, we identify a hemagglutinin mutation in the current egg-adapted H3N2 vaccine strain that alters antigenicity. We show that ferrets and humans exposed to the current egg-adapted H3N2 vaccine strain produce antibodies that poorly neutralize H3N2 viruses that circulated during the 2016–2017 influenza season. These studies highlight the challenges associated with producing influenza vaccine antigens in eggs, while offering a potential explanation of why there was only moderate vaccine effectiveness during the 2016–2017 influenza season.
Aggregation control in natural brush-printed conjugated polymer films and implications for enhancing charge transport
Authors: Wang Gang , Huang Wei , Eastham Nicholas D. , Fabiano Simone , Manley Eric F. , Zeng Li , Wang Binghao , Zhang Xinan , Chen Zhihua , Li Ran , Chang Robert P. H. , Chen Lin X. , Bedzyk Michael J. , Melkonyan Ferdinand S. , Facchetti Antonio , Marks Tobin J. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Shear-printing of electroactive polymers using natural brushes is a promising film deposition technique for printed electronics capable of microstructure control and electrical properties enhancement over large areas. Nevertheless, the interplay between film printing parameters, microstructure development, and charge transport is not well-understood. We report that natural brush-printing greatly enhances charge transport by as much as 5.7× through control of polymer nanofibril aggregate growth and backbone alignment, attributable to the oriented squamae of the natural hair. However, while brush shear-induced aggregation enhances charge transport, we show that backbone alignment alone does not guarantee charge transport anisotropy. These results provide additional understanding of shear-induced enhanced charge transport and set processing guidelines for high-performance printed organic circuitry.
Hominid butchers and biting crocodiles in the African Plio–Pleistocene
Authors: Sahle Yonatan , El Zaatari Sireen , White Tim D. 
Published: November 2017

SignificanceThe idea that earlyAustralopithecusshaped stone tools to butcher large mammals before the emergence ofHomoaround 2 million years ago has excited both primatologists and archaeologists. Such claims depend on interpreting modifications found on the surfaces of fossil bones. Recent experiments involving the feeding of mammal carcasses to modern crocodiles have revealed that equifinality—the creation of similar products by different processes—is more important than previously appreciated by zooarchaeologists. Application of these findings to Ethiopian fossils casts doubt on claims for the earliest large mammal butchery and indicates the need for reassessment of all Oldowan-associated bone assemblages to determine the degree to which equifinality compromises earlier interpretations of hominid subsistence activities and their role in human evolution.
Charged residues in the H-NS linker drive DNA binding and gene silencing in single cells
Authors: Gao Yunfeng , Foo Yong Hwee , Winardhi Ricksen S. , Tang Qingnan , Yan Jie , Kenney Linda J. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
H-NS is a nucleoid-associated protein that plays a major role in silencing pathogen genes. We discovered that the unstructured linker region connecting the N-terminal oligomerization and C-terminal DNA binding domains plays an important and surprising role in promoting DNA binding. Superresolution imaging identified H-NS foci that required DNA binding for their formation and were associated with the nucleoid. Removing the linker led to the disappearance of foci and a substantially lower affinity for DNA. It was proposed that H-NS compacts DNA, but decreasing DNA binding in cells did not lead to a relaxation of the nucleoid, suggesting H-NS does not play a major role in nucleoid compaction. Molecular dynamic simulations suggested that target acquisition by H-NS may involve sliding along the DNA.
Highly scalable multichannel mesh electronics for stable chronic brain electrophysiology
Authors: Fu Tian-Ming , Hong Guosong , Viveros Robert D. , Zhou Tao , Lieber Charles M. 
Published: November 2017

Significance
Implantable electrical probes have led to fundamental neuroscience advances and treatment of neurological diseases, yet are unable to stably track the long-term evolution of large numbers of individual neurons critical to brain functions. Here, we demonstrate a scalable scheme for highly multiplexed mesh electronics probes that overcomes this long-standing challenge. We illustrate this scheme through fabrication of 32 to 128 channel probes with macroporous neural network-like structure and flexibility comparable to the brain. Following implantation into rodent brains, we demonstrate chronic 128-channel recordings with single-neuron-level stability from multiple brain regions over 4 mo. These scalable mesh electronics probes represent an ideal platform for mapping, tracking, and modulating the single-neuron-level circuit changes associated with learning, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases.
Generation of thermostable Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase variants using site saturation mutagenesis library and cell-free protein expression system
Authors: Katano Yuta , Li Tongyang , Baba Misato , Nakamura Miyo , Ito Masaaki , Kojima Kenji , Takita Teisuke , Yasukawa Kiyoshi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We attempted to increase the thermostability of Moloney murine leukemia virus (MMLV) reverse transcriptase (RT). The eight-site saturation mutagenesis libraries corresponding to Ala70−Arg469 in the whole MMLV RT (Thr24−Leu671), in each of which 1 out of 50 amino acid residues was replaced with other amino acid residue, were constructed. Seven-hundred and sixty eight MMLV RT clones were expressed using a cell-free protein expression system, and their thermostabilities were assessed by the temperature of thermal treatment at which they retained cDNA synthesis activity. One clone D200C was selected as the most thermostable variant. The highest temperature of thermal treatment at which D200C exhibited cDNA synthesis activity was 57ºC, which was higher than for WT (53ºC). Our results suggest that a combination of site saturation mutagenesis library and cell-free protein expression system might be useful for generation of thermostable MMLV RT in a short period of time for expression and selection.
Even priceless has to have a number: congregational halo effect
Authors: Cnaan Ram A. , An Seongho 
Published: November 2017

The value that religious congregations provide to their urban communities was never challenged yet never fully assessed. Using the methodology of valuation, we attempted to provide a monetary value to the contributions of such congregations. We divided the studied contributions to six key area and discuss the meaning of each such contribution. Based on empirical work in three US cities (N = 90), we assess the monetary value of these congregations to their respective urban ecologies. Using variety of methods, we assess that such annual per congregation contribution spanned between $1,269,780 and $2,511,376. We then, analyze what is any of the congregational characteristics explain overall contribution as well within the six main categories. We also discuss area not studied in which congregations support their communities, discuss our limitations, and offer directions for new research as well as policy implications.
Membranome 2.0: database for proteome-wide profiling of bitopic proteins and their dimers
Authors: Lomize Andrei L , Hage Jacob M , Pogozheva Irina D 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Structural studies of TM domains of single-spanning (bitopic) membrane proteins are impeded by their instability, flexibility and heterogeneity. The new computational method TMDOCK allows reliable modeling of homodimers of transmembrane (TM) α-helices on a proteomic scale.

Results
3D models of 2129 parallel homodimers formed by TM α-helices of bitopic proteins from six evolutionarily distant organisms were modeled by TMDOCK, verified through experimental data available for nearly 600 proteins, and included in the Membranome database (v.2.0) along with related information to facilitate structural and evolutionary analysis of bitopic proteins.

Availability and implementation
http://membranome.org

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.