bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reproductive interference by male Drosophila subobscura on female D. persimilis: A laboratory experiment
Authors: Manzano‐Winkler Brenda , Hish Alexander J. , Aarons Emily K. , Noor Mohamed A. F. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWhile females often reject courtship attempts by heterospecific males, reproductive interference by harassment from such males can nonetheless occur, potentially reducing female fitness. Such effects may be profound following a range expansion, when males from a new species may suddenly encounter (and perhaps even become abundant relative to) females of related native species. Drosophila subobscura recently invaded North America and may impact native species through reproductive interference and other processes. We test for the potential for reproductive interference by D. subobscura males on D. persimilis females in the laboratory. D. subobscura males aggressively copulated with D. persimilis females, including many females that exhibit rejection behaviors. Despite females attempting to dismount the males, the heterospecific copulations are on average longer than conspecific copulations, and females exhibit some reluctance to remate with conspecific males following this harassment. Females confined with both conspecific and heterospecific males produce fewer adult progeny than those with either conspecific males only or with conspecific males and distantly related D. simulans males that do not engage in female harassment. Overall, our results illustrate how reproductive interference by an invasive species can have negative effects on resident natural populations.
Evaluation Results of the Signal Decomposition Technique for OFDM Transmission which Achieves the Power‐Added Efficiency Improvement and the SNR Enhancement Using the Noise Elimination
Authors: SHIRATO YUSHI , KAMEDA HIROFUMI , MURAGUCHI MASAHIRO 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYThe authors have proposed the signal decomposition technique as one of the powerful solution to mitigate the large peak‐to‐average power ratio (PAPR) to be addressed in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmitters especially on mobile terminals. In order to enhance the receiver SNR, the simple noise elimination techniques working together with the signal decomposition technique have also been proposed that eliminates the noise added on the decomposed constant amplitude on‐off‐signals taking advantage of the knowledge of their constant amplitude at the receiver. In this paper, we discuss the parameter design issue of the proposed techniques and their optimization. Then, demonstrate the PAPR, the power‐added efficiency (PAE), and also the BER performances operating on the optimized parameters. It is confirmed that the proposed signal decomposition technique improves the PAPR by 4 dB and doubles the PAE at the complementary cumulative distribution function of 1%. It is also confirmed that the proposed noise elimination technique improves the receiver SNR by 3 dB at the BER of 10 to 3, which is nearly equal to that of conventional OFDM, under the conditions that the decomposed signals are transmitted over the independent additive white Gaussian noise channels. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the proposed techniques work properly when the decomposed signals are transmitted over 2 × 2 multi‐input multi‐output.
Bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells mitigate caspase‐3 and 8‐hydroxy proline induced via β‐adrenergic agonist in pulmonary injured rats
Authors: Kadry Mai O , Abdel‐Megeed Rehab M 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEstimating the ability of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) to alleviate pulmonary injury induced via isoproterenol (ISP). ISP was injected in a dose of (100 mg/kg, subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 h). One month post BM‐MSCs transplantation by intravenous injection, pulmonary oxidative stress was assessed, and Western blot analyses and histopathological investigations were conducted. Compared with the normal control group, BM‐MSCs transplantation significantly decreased the expression of pulmonary anti‐oxidative stress marker. Western blot analysis revealed that ISP significantly reduced the protein expression of the anti‐oxidative stress marker nuclear related factor‐2 (Nrf2). However, the apoptotic marker (caspase‐3) and collagen content marker (8‐hydroxyproline) were markedly elevated. These biochemical markers were confirmed by histopathological investigations. Finally, it was demonstrated that BM‐MSCs transplantation showed a superior effect in improving pulmonary function through alleviating oxidative stress, apoptosis, and collagen content.
Efficacy Comparison of Six Chemotherapeutic Combinations for Osteosarcoma and Ewing's Sarcoma Treatment: A Network Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhang Song , Yang Feifei , Wang Lili , Zhu Sigang , Qiu Bing , Li Shunhua , Deng Zhongliang 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThis study aimed to address the insufficiency of traditional meta‐analysis and provide improved guidelines for the clinical practice of osteosarcoma treatment. The heterogeneity of the fixed‐effect model was calculated, and when necessary, a random‐effect model was adopted. Furthermore, the direct and indirect evidence was pooled together and exhibited in the forest plot and slash table. The surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA) value was also measured to rank each intervention. Finally, heat plot was introduced to demonstrate the contribution of each intervention and the inconsistency between direct and indirect comparisons. This network meta‐analysis included 32 trials, involving a total of 5,626 subjects reported by 28 articles. All the treatments were classified into six chemotherapeutic combinations: dual agent with or without ifosfamide (IFO), multi‐agent with or without IFO, and dual agent or multi‐agent with IFO and etoposide. For the primary outcomes, both overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) rates were considered. The multi‐agent integrated with IFO and etoposide showed an optimal performance for 5‐year OS, 10‐year OS, 3‐year EFS, 5‐year EFS, and 10‐year EFS when compared with placebo. The SUCRA value of this treatment was also the highest of these six interventions. However, multi‐drug with IFO alone had the highest SUCRA value of 0.652 and 0.516 when it came to relapse and lung‐metastasis. It was efficient to some extent, but no significant difference was observed in both outcomes. Chemotherapy, applied as induction or adjuvant treatment with radiation therapy or surgery, is able to increase the survival rate of patients, especially by combining multi‐drug with IFO and etoposide, which demonstrated the best performance in both OS and EFS. As for relapse and the lung‐metastasis, multiple agents with IFO alone seemed to have the optimal efficiency, although no significant difference was observed here. J. Cell. Biochem. 119: 250–259, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
School environments and obesity: The mediating role of personal stress
Authors: Milam Adam J. , Jones Chandria D. , Debnam Katrina J. , Bradshaw Catherine P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground:Youth spend a large amount of time in the school environment. Given the multiple influences of teachers, peers, and food and physical activity options, youth are likely to experience stressors that can influence their weight. This study examines the association between school climate and weight status.Method:Students (n= 28,582; 58 schools) completed an online, anonymous school climate survey as part of the Maryland Safe and Supportive Schools Project. Multilevel structural equation modeling was used to explore the association between school climate, personal stress, and obesity. Analyses were stratified by gender.Results:At the individual level, poor school climate (bullying, physical safety, and lack of whole‐school connectedness) was associated with an increased likelihood of being overweight among females (β = .115,p= .019) but not males (β = .138;p= .244), after controlling for age, race, and physical activity. There was no association between school climate at the school level and being overweight among males or females. A second model included stress as a potential mediator; stress attenuated the relationship between poor school‐related climate and being overweight (β = .039;p= .048) among females.Conclusion:Findings suggest that stress related to school climate can play a role in the health and weight status of youth.
Clinicopathological Characteristics of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Microscopic Portal Venous Invasion and the Role of Anatomical Liver Resection in These Cases
Authors: Shimada Shingo , Kamiyama Toshiya , Yokoo Hideki , Orimo Tatsuya , Wakayama Kenji , Einama Takahiro , Kakisaka Tatsuhiko , Kamachi Hirofumi , Taketomi Akinobu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of this study were to investigate predictive factors for microscopic portal venous invasion (mPVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and whether anatomical liver resection (ALR) was useful in such cases.MethodsWe analyzed 852 patients with HCC without macroscopic portal venous invasion who were treated at our hospital between January 1990 and May 2014. These patients were stratified into a microscopic portal venous invasion group (mPVI group; n = 153) and non‐microscopic portal venous invasion group (NmPVI group; n = 699).ResultsPIVKA‐II ≥100 mAU/ml, a tumor size ≥5 cm, a confluent lesion, and poor differentiation were found to be independent risk factors for mPVI. Among the mPVI group who had single HCC under 5 cm, serum albumin level <4.0 g/dl, PIVKA‐II ≥100 mAU/ml, a positive surgical margin, and non‐ALR (NALR) were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). PIVKA‐II ≥100 mAU/ml, a positive surgical margin and NALR were independent unfavorable prognostic factors for relapse‐free survival (RFS). ALR was significantly favorable factor for both OS and RFS of the mPVI group who had single HCC under 5 cm.ConclusionsEven if no portal venous invasion is detectable in HCC patients preoperatively, a PIVKA‐II ≥100 mAU/ml, tumor size ≥5 cm, and a confluent lesion indicate a high risk of mPVI. ALR should be considered for the patients with these characteristics because it is a favorable prognostic factor in these cases with mPVI.
Unusual gastrointestinal and cutaneous toxicities by bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin: a case report with pharmacogenetic analysis to personalize treatment
Authors: Del Re Marzia , Latiano Tiziana , Fidilio Leonardo , Restante Giuliana , Morelli Franco , Maiello Evaristo , Danesi Romano 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe standard treatment of testicular germ cell tumors is based on the combination of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (PEB). However, this treatment may be associated with severe adverse reactions, such as hematological and non-hematological toxicities. Here, we report a case of a patient suffering from severe PEB-related toxicities, to whom pharmacogenetic analyses were performed, comprising a panel of genes involved in PEB metabolism. The analysis revealed the presence of a complex pattern of polymorphisms inGSTP1,UGT1A1(TA)6/7,UGT1A7, andABCB1. The present case shows that a pharmacogenetic approach can help in the management of adverse drug reactions in order to predict, prevent, and personalize treatments.
Computer-aided surgery meets predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine
Authors: Joskowicz Leo 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Computer-aided surgery (CAS) is now nearly 30 years old. It has brought to surgery a variety of tools, techniques, and paradigm changes that have had an impact on how surgeries are planned, executed, and evaluated. In this review, we examine the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) aspects of CAS. We present a brief history of CAS, summarize its the state of the art, and discuss current trends and future developments related to PPPM. Of the three Ps, we note that the most important impact of CAS is on Personalization, in all the steps of the surgical treatment: preoperative planning, intraoperative execution, and postoperative evaluation. Prediction in CAS is reflected in the preoperative evaluation of the various surgical options and in the evaluation of the possible surgical outcomes. Prevention in CAS is related to intraoperative execution, to help prevent possible surgical complications. We foresee that CAS will play an increasingly important role in PPPM in the coming years.
Structural Analysis of the Umbilical Cord and Its Vessels in Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Pre-eclampsia
Authors: Gayatri Ravikumar , Crasta Julian , Thomas Tinku , Pratibha Dwarkanath , Thomas Annamma , Sridhar Tirumalai Srinivas , Kurpad Anura V. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBoth intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and pre-eclampsia (PE) are accompanied by alterations in the vascular structures of the umbilical cord (UC). However, it is unclear if the vasculature is significantly different when both conditions co-exist. Digitized sections of 77 UC from four groups of women were analyzed morphometrically. The groups included women with PE (group I), IUGR and PE (group II), IUGR (group III) and women with uncomplicated pregnancy as controls (group IV). The effect of PE, IUGR and their combination on UC parameters were examined using two-way ANOVA and the correlation of birth weight and placental weight in these parameters were measured. There were 12 cases in group I, 22 in group II, 26 in group III and 17 in group IV. The umbilical vein (UV) parameters like wall thickness (0.33 vs 0.42 mm, p = 0.04), cross sectional area, (2.9 vs 4.1 mm2, p = 0.01), diameter (2.2 vs 2.6 mm, p = 0.04) and muscle cross sectional area (1.53 vs 2.4 mm2, p = 0.01) were lower in the IUGR group as compared to other groups. In the group with PE, UV wall:lumen ratio (0.28 vs 0.2, p = 0.05), UA D (0.77 vs 0.63 mm, p = 0.04) and UA CSA (0.99 vs 0.8 mm2, p = 0.04) were significantly higher compared to other groups. The interaction effect of PE and IUGR was not significant for any of the umbilical vessel parameters. The UV dimensions are significantly smaller in IUGR and PE pregnancies. These differences were mainly seen in the IUGR group and the presence of PE did not amplify the differences.
Satisfacción laboral del médico egresado de una universidad peruana: estudio preliminar
Authors: Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J. , Meza-Liviapoma Jessica , Roque-Roque Joel S. , Novoa-Sandoval Paola 
Published: March 2017

La satisfacción laboral se define como un estado emocional positivo o placentero, resultado de la apreciación de la persona respecto a sus experiencias laborales y el clima organizacional. Puede dividirse en factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos. Los primeros están relacionados a las atribuciones psicológicas del trabajo (naturaleza, responsabilidad, habilidad y reconocimiento). Los segundos, a su organización y arquitectura (horario, remuneración y condiciones laborales)
La tutoría como proceso que fortalece el desarrollo y crecimiento personal del alumno
Authors: Liliana Aguirre Benítez Elsa , Herrera Zamorano Beatriz Roxana , Vargas Huicochea Ingrid , Ramírez López Norma Lucila , Aguilar Vega Laura , Aburto-Arciniega Mónica Beatriz , Guevara-Guzmán Rosalinda 
Published: March 2017

Introducción: La interacción que se da entre tutor y tutorado conlleva a la concienciación del estudiante sobre el progreso de sus potencialidades que incide en su desarrollo y crecimiento personal.
Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de los tutores de ciclos básicos del Programa Institucional de Tutorías sobre las actividades que realizan con sus tutorados y si contribuyen al logro del desarrollo y crecimiento personal del alumno, competencia 8 del Plan de Estudios 2010 de la Facultad de Medicina, UNAM.
Método: Se utilizó la metodología cualitativa; las categorías analizadas fueron la formación del tutor, la figura del tutor y la tutoría para el «desarrollo y crecimiento personal».
Resultados: El análisis de las entrevistas indica que el tutor debe tener una formación dentro del campo de las ciencias de la salud y se le identifica como un orientador, facilitador y acompa˜nante para el alumno; de aquí surge la necesidad de realizar una selección de tutores que cumplan con el perfil del Programa Institucional de Tutorías. En cuanto a las actividades de la tutoría que inciden en el crecimiento personal, deben ser estandarizadas y se requiere de una capacitación específica. La escucha activa del tutor se percibió como una herramienta básica para la detección de las necesidades del alumno que requieren ser atendidas.
Conclusiones: Es necesario el apoyo institucional para que los tutores/profesores y alumnos conozcan de manera clara sus funciones y alcances dentro del Plan de Estudios 2010. Este fortalecimiento promovería en el alumno la adquisición de competencias para el ejercicio de la Medicina y en particular, para el abordaje de actividades que, a través del apoyo de tutoría del Programa Institucional de Tutorías, fortalezcan su desarrollo y crecimiento personal.
A Checklist for Sustainable Management of Archaeological Collections
Authors: Childs S. Terry , Benden Danielle M. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe discipline of archaeology has been tolerating, at best, a “curation crisis” for decades that is unsustainable. The many issues related to long-term collections care continue to worsen. To counter this trend, we advocate that planning for collections be integrated into project administration from inception such that the management of archaeological collections begins before fieldwork and continues well after recovered collections reach the repository. To conceptualize this process, we identify the Collection Management Cycle as a framework for the many stakeholders involved in archaeological projects. We also provide a checklist that identifies the responsibilities stakeholders have to the collections they generate, fund, care for, manage, and/or study. Concerted use of the checklist and other proposed solutions will lead to a new era of a more sustainable archaeological practice.
Are Supreme Court Nominations a Move-the-Median Game? – ERRATUM
Authors: CAMERON CHARLES M. , KASTELLEC JONATHAN P. 
Published: March 2017

The above paper (Cameron, C.M. and Kastellec, J.P. 2016) was published with a few errors.Figure 2 and some accompanying text is incorrect. These errors do not affect the discussion of the predicted locations of nominee ideology—instead, the published version sometimes characterizes nominees as moving-the-median when in fact they do not (they also do not affect any of the empirical tests in the article). This mischaracterization occurs for the position-taking senators and mixed-motivations model—for the court-outcome and nearly court-outcome models, Figure 2 and the accompanying text are unchanged. We regret the errors.
Life in a continuous traumatic situation: perspective of the older population
Authors: NUTTMAN-SHWARTZ ORIT , REGEV IRIT 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThe literature is divided with regard to how older persons cope with traumatic situations of war and terror, and few studies have focused on continuous exposure to traumatic situations. To fill the gap in existing knowledge, the present study examined how older people cope with a continuous security threat which includes periods of intensive attacks. Three focus groups were conducted among older residents of rural localities situated near the Israeli border with Gaza. Content analysis of transcripts from the group sessions revealed four main aspects that concern the older participants when they cope with situations of war: (a) moral issues; (b) emotional issues; (c) intergenerational issues; and (d) resilience and future challenge. The analysis revealed that the older participants’ coping patterns derive from a combination of their stage of life, the changing lifestyle in their communal rural localities, and the ways that the older residents and younger residents of the communities cope with exposure to a continuous security threat. The theoretical framework for discussion of the findings is based on social theories of trauma and resilience. In addition, recommendations are provided for interventions at the individual and community levels.
Excitation of nonlinear ion acoustic wave and stimulated Brillouin scattering of hollow Gaussian beam in relativistic plasma
Authors: Sharma P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn the present work, excitation of nonlinear ion acoustic wave (IAW) in collisionless plasma by laser beam having null intensity at the center is examined considering relativistic nonlinearity. The differential equation for beam-width parameter is determined considering relativistic nonlinearity using the paraxial and Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximations by the parabolic equation method. The propagation features of the IAW are found to be modified due to the nonlinearity present in the system. The hollow Gaussian beam (HGB) gets nonlinearly coupled with the seed IAW, results in excitation of nonlinear IAW. The interaction of nonlinear IAW with pump beam demonstrated stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) of HGB. It is found that the power of IAW and power of SBS is affected with the order of HGB. The power of IAW and backscattered power of SBS is determined analytically and numerically for various orders of HGB. It is found that the power of IAW and the backscattering is diminished for higher order of HGB.
Remission and recovery associated with lurasidone in the treatment of major depressive disorder with subthreshold hypomanic symptoms (mixed features): post-hoc analysis of a randomized, placebo-controlled study with longer-term extension
Authors: Goldberg Joseph F. , Ng-Mak Daisy , Siu Cynthia , Chuang Chien-Chia , Rajagopalan Krithika , Loebel Antony 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThis post-hoc analysis assessed rates of symptomatic and functional remission, as well as recovery (combination of symptomatic and functional remission), in patients treated with lurasidone for major depressive disorder (MDD) associated with subthreshold hypomanic symptoms (mixed features).MethodPatients with MDD plus two or three manic symptoms (defined as per the DSM–5 mixed-features specifier) were randomly assigned to flexible-dose lurasidone 20–60 mg/day (n=109) or placebo (n=100) for 6 weeks, followed by a 3-month open-label, flexible-dose extension study for U.S. sites only (n=48). Cross-sectional recovery was defined as the presence of both symptomatic remission (Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score ≤ 12) and functional remission (all Sheehan Disability Scale [SDS] domain scores ≤3) at week 6, and at both months 1 and 3 of the extension study (“sustained recovery”).ResultsA significantly higher proportion of lurasidone-treated patients (31.3%) achieved recovery (assessed cross-sectionally) compared to placebo (12.2%, p=0.002) at week 6. The number of manic symptoms at baseline moderated the effect size for attaining cross-sectional recovery for lurasidone treatment (vs. placebo) (p=0.028). Sustained recovery rates were higher in patients initially treated with lurasidone (20.8%) versus placebo (12.5%).ConclusionsIn this post-hoc analysis of a placebo-controlled study with open-label extension that involved patients with MDD and mixed features, lurasidone was found to significantly improve the rate of recovery at 6 weeks (vs. placebo) that was sustained at month 3 of the extension study. The presence of two (as opposed to three) manic symptoms moderated recovery at the acute study endpoint.