bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive Evaluation in Liver Transplant Patients Under Calcineurin Inhibitor Maintenance Therapy
Authors: Heits Nils , Keserovic Dalibor , Mund Niclas , Ehmke Nicola , Bernsmeier Alexander , Hendricks Alexander , Gunther Rainer , Witt Karsten , Becker Thomas , Braun Felix 
Published: March 2017

Background
Neurological disorders due to calcineurin inhibitor (CNI) treatment pose a well-known problem after liver transplantation (LTx). In this study, the impact of CNIs on cognitive functioning during maintenance therapy was analyzed. A possible improvement of cognitive functioning, compliance and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after conversion to a once-daily tacrolimus formulation was prospectively assessed.

Methods
In a cross-section analysis cognitive functioning of living donors (LD), waiting list patients and LTx patients was tested using a 4 times trail making test (4-TTMT). In a further investigator-initiated trial a possible improvement of cognitive functioning, HRQoL and compliance after conversion to the once-daily tacrolimus formulation was prospectively assessed over 1 year. HRQoL was assessed using an EORTC-QLQ C30 questionnaire and patient’s compliance was assessed by the Basel Assessment of Compliance with Immunosuppressive Medication Scales questionnaire. Correlated data were sex, age, time after surgery, liver disease, model of end-stage liver disease score, creatinine, CNI type, and CNI trough levels.

Results
Two hundred eleven patients were included in this cross-section analysis. Twenty-seven patients agreed to participate in the investigator-initiated trial. LTx patients completed the 4-TTMT slower than living donor patients and faster than waiting list patients. Patients with twice daily cyclosporine A (CSA) formulation needed longer to finish the 4-TTMT than patients with the once-daily tacrolimus formulation. After drug conversion of a twice-daily CNI formulation to a once-daily tacrolimus formulation, CSA-treated patients needed longer to improve their cognitive functioning. HRQoL and compliance did not improve after drug conversion.

Conclusions
Patients with once-daily tacrolimus formulation had a better psychomotor speed than CSA-treated patients. The conversion to once-daily tacrolimus formulation significantly improved cognitive functioning, but had no impact on HRQoL or compliance.
Flower development: from morphodynamics to morphomechanics
Authors: Abad Ursula , Sassi Massimiliano , Traas Jan 
Published: March 2017

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) is a small population of stem cells that continuously generates organs and tissues. We will discuss here flower formation at the SAM, which involves a complex network of regulatory genes and signalling molecules. A major downstream target of this network is the extracellular matrix or cell wall, which is a local determinant for both growth rates and growth directions. We will discuss here a number of recent studies aimed at analysing the link between cell wall structure and molecular regulation. This has involved multidisciplinary approaches including quantitative imaging, molecular genetics, computational biology and biophysics. A scenario emerges where molecular networks impact on both cell wall anisotropy and synthesis, thus causing the rapid outgrowth of organs at specific locations. More specifically, this involves two interdependent processes: the activation of wall remodelling enzymes and changes in microtubule dynamics.This article is part of the themed issue ‘Systems morphodynamics: understanding the development of tissue hardware’.
Analysis on the attitude dynamics of a PhoneSat during deployment
Authors: Qiao Qiao , Yuan Jianping , Ning Xin 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to establish the dynamics model of a Z-folded PhoneSat considering hinge friction and to investigate the influence of disturbances, such as friction, stiffness asymmetry, deployment asynchronicity and initial disturbance angular velocity, on the attitude of PhoneSat during and after deployment.Design/methodology/approachFor the Z-folded PhoneSat, the dynamics model considering hinge friction is established and the dynamics simulation is carried out. The effects of friction, stiffness asymmetry, deployment asynchronicity and initial disturbance angular velocity on the attitude motion of the PhoneSat are studied and the attitude motion regularities of the PhoneSat considering the disturbance factors mentioned above are discussed.FindingsFriction has a main contribution to reducing the oscillation of attitude motion and damping out the residual oscillation, ultimately decreasing the deployment time. An increasing length of deployment time is required with the increasing stiffness asymmetry and time difference of asynchronous deployment, which also have slight disturbances on the attitude angle and angular velocity of PhoneSat after the deployment. The initial disturbance angular velocity in the direction of deployment would be proportionally weakened after the deployment, whereas initial disturbance angular velocity in other direction induces angular velocities of other axes, which dramatically enhances the complexity of attitude control.Originality/valueThe paper is a useful reference for engineering design of small satellites attitude control system.
A novel relative navigation method based on thrust on-line identification for tight formation keeping
Authors: Zhu Wenjing , Zhang Dexin , Wang Jihe , Shao Xiaowei 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to present a novel high-precision relative navigation method for tight formation-keeping based on thrust on-line identification.Design/methodology/approachConsidering that thrust acceleration cannot be measured directly, an on-line identification method of thrust acceleration is explored via the estimated acceleration of major space perturbation and the inter-satellite relative states obtained from space-borne acceleration sensors; then, an effective identification model is designed to reconstruct thrust acceleration. Based on the identified thrust acceleration, relative orbit dynamics for tight formation-keeping is established. Further, using global positioning system (GPS) measurement information, a modified extended Kalman filter (EKF) is suggested to obtain the inter-satellite relative position and relative velocity.FindingsCompared with the normal EKF and the adaptive robust EKF, the proposed modified EKF has better estimation accuracy in radial and along-track directions because of accurate compensation of thrust acceleration. Meanwhile, high-precision relative navigation results depend on high-precision acceleration sensors. Finally, simulation studies on a chief-deputy formation flying control system are performed to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed relative navigation algorithm.Social implicationsThis paper provides a reference in solving the problem of high-precision relative navigation in tight formation-keeping application.Originality/valueThis paper proposes a novel on-line identification method for thrust acceleration and shows that thrust identification-based modified EKF is more efficient in relative navigation for tight formation-keeping.
Nonlinear integrated guidance and control based on adaptive backstepping scheme
Authors: Seyedipour Seyed Hamed , Fathi Jegarkandi Mohsen , Shamaghdari Saeed 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design an adaptive nonlinear controller for a nonlinear system of integrated guidance and control.

Design/methodology/approach
A nonlinear integrated guidance and control approach is applied to a homing, tail-controlled air vehicle. Adaptive backstepping controller technique is used to deal with the problem, and the Lyapanov theory is used in the stability analysis of the nonlinear system. A nonlinear model of normal force coefficient is obtained from an existing nonlinear model of lift coefficient which was validated by open loop response. The simulation was performed in the pitch plane to prove the benefits of the proposed scheme; however, it can be readily extended to all the three axes.

Findings
Monte Carlo simulations indicate that using nonlinear adaptive backstepping formulation meaningfully improves the performance of the system, while it ensures stability of a nonlinear system.

Practical implications
The proposed method could be used to obtain better performance of hit to kill accuracy without the expense of control effort.

Originality/value
A nonlinear adaptive backstepping controller for nonlinear aerodynamic air vehicle is designed and guaranteed to be stable which is a novel-based approach to the integrated guidance and control. This method makes noticeable performance improvement, and it can be used with hit to kill accuracy.
Embedding learning from adverse incidents: a UK case study
Authors: Eshareturi Cyril , Serrant Laura 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper reports on a regionally based UK study uncovering what has worked well in learning from adverse incidents in hospitals. The purpose of this paper is to review the incident investigation methodology used in identifying strengths or weaknesses and explore the use of a database as a tool to embed learning.

Design/methodology/approach
Documentary examination was conducted of all adverse incidents reported between 1 June 2011 and 30 June 2012 by three UK National Health Service hospitals. One root cause analysis report per adverse incident for each individual hospital was sent to an advisory group for a review. Using terms of reference supplied, the advisory group feedback was analysed using an inductive thematic approach. The emergent themes led to the generation of questions which informed seven in-depth semi-structured interviews.

Findings
“Time” and “work pressures” were identified as barriers to using adverse incident investigations as tools for quality enhancement. Methodologically, a weakness in approach was that no criteria influenced the techniques which were used in investigating adverse incidents. Regarding the sharing of learning, the use of a database as a tool to embed learning across the region was not supported.

Practical implications
Softer intelligence from adverse incident investigations could be usefully shared between hospitals through a regional forum.

Originality/value
The use of a database as a tool to facilitate the sharing of learning from adverse incidents across the health economy is not supported.
A group decision-making model based on distance-based VIKOR with incomplete heterogeneous information and its application to emergency supplier selection
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Cai Jianfeng 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
For some specific multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems, especially in emergency situations, because of the feature of criteria and other fuzzy factors, it is more appropriate that values of different criteria are expressed in their correspondingly appropriate value types. The purpose of this paper is to build a multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) model dealing with heterogeneous information based on distance-based VIKOR to solve emergency supplier selection in practice appropriately and flexibly, where a compromise solution is more acceptable and suitable.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper extends the classical VIKOR to a generalized distance-based VIKOR to handle heterogeneous information containing crisp number, interval number, intuitionistic fuzzy number and hesitant fuzzy linguistic value, and develops an MCGDM model based on the distance-based VIKOR to handle the multi-criteria heterogeneous information in practice. This paper also introduces a parameter called non-fuzzy degree for each type of heterogeneous value to moderate the computation on aggregating heterogeneous hybrid distances.

Findings
The proposed distance-based model can handle the heterogeneous information appropriately and flexibly because the computational process is directly operated on the heterogeneous information based on generalized distance without a transformation process, which can improve the decision-making efficiency and reduce information loss. An example of emergency supplier selection is given to illustrate the proposed method.

Originality/value
This paper develops an MCGDM model based on the distance-based VIKOR to handle heterogeneous information appropriately and flexibly. In emergency supplier selection situations, the proposed decision-making model allows the decision-makers to express their judgments on criteria in their appropriate value types.
Quantitative analysis of information leakage in service-oriented architecture-based Web services
Authors: Anjaria Kushal , Mishra Arun 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
Any computing architecture cannot be designed with complete confidentiality. As a result, at any point, it may leak the information. So, it is important to decide leakage threshold in any computing architecture. To prevent leakage more than the predefined threshold, quantitative analysis is helpful. This paper aims to provide a method to quantify information leakage in service-oriented architecture (SOA)-based Web services.

Design/methodology/approach
To visualize the dynamic binding of SOA components, first, the orchestration of components is modeled. The modeling helps to information-theoretically quantify information leakage in SOA-based Web services. Then, the paper considers the non-interference policy in a global way to quantify information leakage. It considers not only variables which interfere with security sensitive content but also other architectural parameters to quantify leakage in Web services. To illustrate the attacker’s ability, a strong threat model has been proposed in the paper.

Findings
The paper finds that information leakage can be quantified in SOA-based Web services by considering parameters that interfere with security sensitive content and information theory. A hypothetical case study scenario of flight ticket booking Web services has been considered in the present paper in which leakage of 18.89 per cent information is calculated.

Originality/value
The paper shows that it is practically possible to quantify information leakage in SOA-based Web services. While modeling the SOA-based Web services, it will be of help to architects to identify parameters which may cause the leakage of secret contents.
Diurnal expression of proteins in the retina of the blind cone‐rod homeobox (Crx−/−) mouse and the 129/Sv mouse: a proteomic study
Authors: Møller Morten , Rath Martin Fredensborg , Ludvigsen Maja , Honoré Bent , Vorum Henrik 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeThe vertebrate retina contains a circadian clock participating in adaptations to day and night vision. This peripheral clock is independent of the master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). The retinal clock is located in several cell types, including the photoreceptors. To investigate the role of the circadian clock of the photoreceptor cells in regulation of retinal protein rhythms, we analysed diurnal protein expression in the photoreceptor‐deficient cone‐rod homeobox knockout mouse (Crx−/−) and the 129/Sv mouse.Methods2D gels were made from retinal homogenates of 129/Sv and Crx−/− mice killed at midday and midnight. Stained gels were analysed by use of PDQuest 2D gel analysis software. After trypsin digestion of differential expressed spots, the proteins were identified by LC‐MS/MS using a nano‐liquid chromatograph connected to a Q‐TOF Premier mass spectrometer. These data were used to search the SWISS‐PROT database.ResultsBoth the retinae of the control and the Crx−/− mice exhibited diurnal proteins rhythms. As expected, proteins involved in phototransduction were not detected in the Crx−/− mouse; in this phenotype, however, proteins from spots showing diurnal rhythms were specifically identified as enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, Krebs cycle, and mitochondrial enzymes. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD005556.ConclusionWe show diurnal protein rhythms in the retina of a mouse lacking the rods and cones. The diurnal protein rhythms in this genotype, lacking the circadian clock of the photoreceptors, might be caused by a circadian clock in other retinal cell types or a direct light input to the retina.
Quality improvement of community pharmacy services: a prioritisation exercise
Authors: Newlands Rumana S , Power Ailsa , Young Linda , Watson Margaret 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Effective strategies are needed to translate knowledge (evidence) into practice to improve the quality of community pharmacy services. We report the first step of a novel knowledge translation process which involved the systematic identification and prioritisation of community pharmacy services in Scotland which were perceived to require improvement and/or guideline development.

Methods
This process involved three stages and a stakeholder group comprising community pharmacists, policy makers, lay and pharmacy organisation representatives. A modified nominal group technique (NGT) was used for topic generation (August 2013) followed by an electronic Delphi survey (eDelphi), October–December 2013) and topic rationalisation (December 2013) based on feasibility, acceptability, and potential impact for practice improvement.

Key findings
In total, 63 items were identified during the modified NGT which were categorised into 20 topics to form the starting point of the eDelphi. In total, 74 individuals (mostly community pharmacists) indicated an interest in the eDelphi, which achieved response rates of 63.5%, 67.6%, and 70.3%, respectively in Rounds 1, 2, and 3. Consensus was achieved with six topics: promoting the appropriate sale and supply of over-the-counter medicines; patient counselling for prescribed medication; pharmaceutical care to promote medication adherence; promotion and delivery of a Minor Ailment Scheme; pharmaceutical care of vulnerable patients; and effective use of community pharmacy workforce. Of these, the priority topic selected for the next stage of the programme was promoting the appropriate sale and supply of over-the-counter medicines.

Conclusions
This study adopted a systematic, inclusive, and rapid approach to identify priorities for community pharmacy practice improvement in Scotland.
A randomised control trial to evaluate the clinical pharmacist's role in managing iron deficiency anaemia patients
Authors: Tahaineh Linda M , Khasawneh Afaf H 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in managing iron deficiency anaemia patients.

Methods
A prospective parallel randomised controlled trial conducted in an outpatient clinic enrolled adult iron deficiency anaemia patients. Patients were randomised into either an intervention or a control group. Patients in the intervention group were followed closely by a clinical pharmacist who offered pharmaceutical care services and worked closely with physicians to manage iron deficiency anaemia. Patients in the control group received the usual medical care.

Key findings
One hundred and four patients were enrolled in the study. Eighty-two patients completed the 4–6 week study, with 43 patients in the intervention group and 39 patients in the control group. By the end of the study, 86% of intervention group patients and 59% of control group patients reached their haemoglobin goal values, with statistically significant improvement in intervention group patients versus control group patients (P value = 0.006). Most of the clinical pharmacist's recommendations were adopted by physicians (83.9%).

Conclusion
Clinical pharmacist interventions improved iron deficiency anaemia patients’ outcomes.
Association of Physician Specialty with Hospice Referral for Hospitalized Nursing Home Patients with Advanced Dementia
Authors: Ankuda Claire K. , Mitchell Susan L. , Gozalo Pedro , Mor Vince , Meltzer David , Teno Joan M. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesHospitalists hospice referral patterns have been unstudied. This study aims to examine hospice referral rates by attending type for hospitalized nursing home (NH) residents with advanced cognitive impairment (ACI) at the time of discharge between 2000 and 2010.DesignRetrospective cohort study.ParticipantsHospitalized NH residents age ≥66 drawn from the 20% sample of Medicare beneficiaries with ACI, 4 or more activities of daily living (ADL) impairments on last minimum data set (MDS) assessment completed within 120 days of admission (n = 128,989).MeasurementsHospice referral was defined as referral to hospice within 1 day after hospital discharge. Attending physician type was determined by Part B physician billing for 100% of the billings during that admission. Continuity of care was defined as the hospital physician also billing for an outpatient visit within 120 days of that hospital admission. Number of ADL impairments, cognitive measures, pre‐admission illnesses and illness severity were derived from the MDS.ResultsOf the 105,329 hospitalized patients with ACI that survived to discharge (72.3% white, 30.6% male), the hospice referral rate at the time of hospital discharge increased from 2.8% in 2000 to 11.2% in 2010. Using a multivariate, hospital fixed effects model examining changes in the distribution of inpatient attending physicians, hospitalists compared to generalist physicians were more likely to refer these patients to hospice at discharge (AOR 1.17, 95% CI 1.09–1.26). Continuity of physician care from the outpatient setting to the hospital was associated with lower hospice referral (AOR 0.78, 95% CI 0.73–0.85).ConclusionHospice referrals for NH‐dwelling persons with ACI admitted to the hospital increased between 2000 and 2011 and disproportionately so when the attending physician was a hospitalist.
Return Migration, Self‐selection and Entrepreneurship
Authors: Batista Catia , McIndoe‐Calder Tara , Vicente Pedro C. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAre return migrants more entrepreneurial? Existing literature has not addressed how estimating the impact of return migration on entrepreneurship is affected by double unobservable migrant self‐selection, both at the initial outward migration and at the final inward return migration stages. This paper exploits exogenous variation provided by the civil war and the incidence of agricultural plagues in Mozambique, as well as social unrest and other shocks in migrant destination countries. The results lend support to overall negative unobservable return migrant self‐selection, which results in an under‐estimation of the effects of return migration on entrepreneurial outcomes when using a ‘naïve’ estimator that does not control for self‐selection at both the initial migration and at the final return migration stages.
International Organizations and Democracy Development: The Indirect Link
Authors: Kim Hayam , Heo Uk 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveFew studies have systematically examined the international organization (IO)‐democracy nexus, except Pevehouse (2002, 2005), who found the democratizing impact of regional IOs. Our study extends previous research by investigating the indirect as well as the direct effects of IOs on democracy.MethodsWe employ a two‐equation model, using the data for 112 developing countries for 1972–2002.ResultsRegional IOs increase the level of economic openness, which in turn leads to improvements in democracy.ConclusionsIOs indeed facilitate democratic development in their member states both directly and indirectly by enhancing these countries’ international trade.