bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service Users with Experience of Poverty as Institutional Entrepreneurs in Public Services in Belgium: An Institutional Theory Perspective on Policy Implementation
Authors: De Corte Joris , Roose Rudi , Bradt Lieve , Roets Griet 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this article, we report on a qualitative and interpretative research project in which we gained in‐depth knowledge about dynamics in ten federal public policy units in Belgium where a service user with experience of poverty was employed. Starting from an institutional theory perspective, it was argued that these service users with experience of poverty can possibly feature as institutional entrepreneurs or agents of change who initiate a critical reflection in the mindset of fellow social administrators about taken‐for‐granted practices, routines and rationales. In order to fulfill this ambition, we equally stressed that service users with experience of poverty should be able to perform two other roles as well: to provide direct support to citizens, especially those living in poverty during their contacts with a public policy unit, and to formulate concrete propositions to change some of the policy units' internal procedures. Our research findings reveal that these two roles provide a necessary breeding ground for further interaction and (in)formal dialogue between service users with experience of poverty and fellow social administrators about the quality and accessibility of service delivery. However, installing this shared responsibility proves to be a valuable but also gradual process, and we argue that it is therefore undesirable when service users with experience of poverty act as so‐called ‘heroes’ in changing these taken‐for‐granted institutional practices, routines and rationales.
Noninvasive fetal genotyping of paternally inherited alleles using targeted massively parallel sequencing in parentage testing cases
Authors: Yang Donggui , Liang Hao , Gao Yu , Lin Shaobin , He Zhiming , Gao Jun , Sun Hongyu , Li Qing , Ma Xiaoyan , Ou Xueling 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUNDResearchers have sought to develop a noninvasive protocol for paternity analysis that uses fetal cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in maternal plasma. Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) is expected to overcome this challenge because it enables the analysis of millions of DNA molecules at a single‐base resolution.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSSeven women were involved in prenatal paternity testing cases. Before conventional invasive procedures, cfDNA was isolated from maternal plasma. Fetal tissues were then collected, as were blood samples from the alleged fathers. A custom array was designed that targeted 1497 regions containing single‐nucleotide polymorphisms. These regions were massively parallel sequenced.RESULTSIn these seven cases, the mean nonmaternal allele fractions in maternal plasma ranged from 3.22% to 6.17%. Setting the allele fraction cutoff of 2.5%, 300 to 491 loci were considered informative for paternal origin and no genetic incompatibilities with the alleged fathers were found. These results were concordant with those of conventional short tandem repeat genotyping. Validation results performed using fetal samples showed that sequencing noise was completely filtered out, and 78.35% to 99.19% of the paternal alleles were accurately genotyped. The fetal cfDNA concentrations ranged from 7.12% to 13.81%, and the overall sequencing error rates ranged from 0.40% to 0.93%.CONCLUSIONIn our study, we evaluate a straightforward method that can be used to identify paternal alleles based on analyses of paternal alleles and sequencing errors in maternal plasma. Our results support the notion that an MPS‐based method could be utilized in noninvasive fetal genotyping and prenatal paternity analyses.
Draft Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus plantarum MPL16, a Wakame-Utilizing Immunobiotic Strain Isolated from Swine Feces
Authors: Villena Julio , Saavedra Lucila , Hebert Elvira Maria , Suda Yoshihito , Masumizu Yuki , Albarracin Leonardo , Clua Patricia , Ikeda-Ohtsubo Wakako , Kitazawa Haruki 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome of the immunomodulatory
Lactobacillus plantarum
MPL16, a strain able to ferment wakame (
Undaria pinnatifida
), is described here. The reads were assembled into contigs with a total size 3,278,495 bp. The genome information will be useful for further specific genetic studies of this strain that evaluate its immunomodulatory and biotechnological properties.
Complete Genome Sequence of a Wild-Type Measles Virus Isolated during a 2016 Winter Outbreak in a Refugee Settlement in Calais, France
Authors: Dina Julia , Hamel Justine , Antona Denise , Vabret Astrid 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
Measles outbreaks are regularly reported in European countries despite efforts to improve vaccination coverage. In January 2016, an outbreak occurred in a refugee settlement in Calais, France. We report here the complete genome sequence of a wild-type measles virus isolated from a health care worker (MVi/Calais. FRA/01.16) infected during this outbreak.
Draft Genome Sequence of Agrococcus baldri Strain Marseille-P2731
Authors: Afouda Pamela , Dubourg Gregory , Labas Noemie , Raoult Didier , Fournier Pierre-Edouard 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Agrococcus baldri
strain Marseille-P2731 was isolated from a Siberian permafrost specimen dated around 10 million years. The 3,021,022-bp genome of strain Marseille-P2731, with a 71.82% G+C content, includes 2,844 protein-coding genes, 72 toxin/antitoxin modules, nine bacteriocin-encoding genes, and 1,266 genes associated with mobilome.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Novel
Coriobacteriaceae
sp. Strain, EMTCatB1, Reconstructed from the Metagenome of a Thermophilic Electromethanogenic Biocathode
Authors: Kobayashi Hajime , Fu Qian , Maeda Haruo , Sato Kozo 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

A draft genome of
Coriobacteriaceae
sp. strain EMTCatB1 was determined through taxonomic binning of a metagenome of a thermophilic biocathode actively catalyzing electromethanogenesis. This genome will provide information about the biocathode ecosystem, as well as the natural diversity of the
Coriobacteriaceae
family.
Whole-Genome Shotgun Sequencing of Cephalosporin-Resistant Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi
Authors: Rodrigues Camilla , Kapil Arti , Sharma Anita , Devanga Ragupathi Naveen Kumar , Inbanathan Francis Yesurajan , Veeraraghavan Balaji , Kang Gagandeep 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Typhoid is one of the leading causes of mortality in developing countries. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of four
Salmonella enterica
serovar Typhi strains isolated from bloodstream infections in a tertiary care hospital. The sequence data indicate genomes of ~4.5 Mb for all isolates, with one plasmid in each.
Complete Genome Sequence of Lactobacillus jensenii Strain SNUV360, a Probiotic for Treatment of Bacterial Vaginosis Isolated from the Vagina of a Healthy Korean Woman
Authors: Lee Sunghee , You Hyun Ju , Kwon Bomi , Ko GwangPyo 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Lactobacillus jensenii
SNUV360 is a potential probiotic strain that shows antimicrobial activity for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis. Here, we present the complete genomic sequence of
L. jensenii
SNUV360, isolated from a vaginal sample from a healthy Korean woman. Analysis of the sequence may provide insight into its functional activity.
Draft Genome Sequence of a Multidrug-Resistant Nosocomial Serratia marcescens Strain That Persisted in a Hospital in Kemerovo, Russian Federation
Authors: Azarov Daniil , Goncharov Artemiy , Karaseva Alena , Brodina Tatyana , Lebedeva Ekaterina , Taranenko Irina , Feting Anna , Bakaev Michael , Brusina Elena , Zueva Lyudmila 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Serratia marcescens
is a frequent cause of health care-associated infections and has led to multiple outbreaks. Here, we report the draft genome of a multidrug-resistant
S. marcescens
strain 189 which was isolated in 2012 as a predominant clone in a neonatal hospital in Kemerovo.
Necrotrophic Mycoparasites and Their Genomes
Authors: Karlsson Magnus , Atanasova Lea , Jensen Dan Funck , Zeilinger Susanne 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Mycoparasitism is a lifestyle where one fungus establishes parasitic interactions with other fungi. Species of the genus
Trichoderma
together with
Clonostachys rosea
are among the most studied fungal mycoparasites. They have wide host ranges comprising several plant pathogens and are used for biological control of plant diseases.
Trichoderma
as well as
C. rosea
mycoparasites efficiently overgrow and kill their fungal prey by using infection structures and by applying lytic enzymes and toxic metabolites. Most of our knowledge on the putative signals and signaling pathways involved in prey recognition and activation of the mycoparasitic response is derived from studies with
Trichoderma
. These fungi rely on G-protein signaling, the cAMP pathway, and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades during growth and development as well as during mycoparasitism. The signals being recognized by the mycoparasite may include surface molecules and surface properties as well as secondary metabolites and other small molecules released from the prey. Their exact nature, however, remains elusive so far. Recent genomics-based studies of mycoparasitic fungi of the order
Hypocreales
, i.e.,
Trichoderma
species,
C. rosea, Tolypocladium ophioglossoides
, and
Escovopsis weberi
, revealed not only several gene families with a mycoparasitism-related expansion of gene paralogue numbers, but also distinct differences between the different mycoparasites. We use this information to illustrate the biological principles and molecular basis of necrotrophic mycoparasitism and compare the mycoparasitic strategies of
Trichoderma
as a “model” mycoparasite with the behavior and special features of
C. rosea, T. ophioglossoides
, and
E. weberi
.
Miliary Tuberculosis
Authors: Sharma Surendra K. , Mohan Alladi 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT

Miliary tuberculosis (TB) results from a massive lymphohematogenous dissemination of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
bacilli and is characterized by tiny tubercles evident on gross pathology resembling millet seeds in size and appearance. The global HIV/AIDS pandemic and widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs and biologicals have altered the epidemiology of miliary TB. Considered to be predominantly a disease of infants and children in the pre-antibiotic era, miliary TB is increasingly being encountered in adults as well. The clinical manifestations of miliary TB are protean and nonspecific. Atypical clinical presentation often delays the diagnosis. Clinicians, therefore, should have a low threshold for suspecting miliary TB. Focused, systematic physical examination helps in identifying the organ system(s) involved, particularly early in TB meningitis, as this has therapeutic significance. Fundus examination for detecting choroid tubercles offers a valuable clinical clue for early diagnosis, as their presence is pathognomonic of miliary TB. Imaging modalities help in recognizing the miliary pattern, defining the extent of organ system involvement. Examination of sputum, body fluids, image-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology or biopsy from various organ sites, needle biopsy of the liver, bone marrow aspiration, and biopsy should be done to confirm the diagnosis. Cytopathological, histopathological, and molecular testing (e.g., Xpert MTB/RIF and line probe assay), mycobacterial culture, and drug susceptibility testing must be carried out as appropriate and feasible. Miliary TB is uniformly fatal if untreated; therefore, early initiation of specific anti-TB treatment can be lifesaving. Monitoring for complications, such as acute kidney injury, air leak syndromes, acute respiratory distress syndrome, adverse drug reactions such as drug-induced liver injury, and drug-drug interactions (especially in patients coinfected with HIV/AIDS), is warranted.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with the Use of Acupuncture and Chinese Medicine: Results of a Nationally Representative Survey of 17161 Australian Women
Authors: Yang Lu , Adams Jon , Sibbritt David 
Published: March 2017

Background Traditional Chinese Medicine has considerable public support in Australia and elsewhere around the world; the literature suggests Chinese medicine (CM) and acupuncture are particularly popular. Aim To examine factors associated with CM/acupuncture use among young/middle-aged Australian women. Methods This research formed part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health (ALSWH), a population-based cohort study. Data were obtained from the ‘young’ (34–39 years; n=8010) and ‘middle-aged’ (62–67 years; n=9151) ALSWH cohorts, who completed survey 6 (in 2012) and survey 7 (in 2013), respectively. Outcome measures included use of CM and visits to an acupuncturist in the previous 12 months. Predictive factors included demographic characteristics, and measures of health status (diagnosed chronic medical conditions) and health service utilisation. Statistical analyses included bivariate χ2 tests, two proportions Z-tests and backward stepwise multiple logistic regression modelling. Results In total, 9.5% and 6.2% of women in the young and middle-aged cohorts, respectively, had consulted an acupuncturist, and 5.7% and 4.0%, respectively, had used CM. Young women with low iron levels and/or endometriosis were more likely to use CM and/or acupuncture. Middle-aged women with low iron levels and/or chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) were more likely to use CM, while middle-aged women with arthritis and/or CFS were more likely to use acupuncture. Conclusions Women with chronic conditions (including arthritis, low iron, CFS and endometriosis) were associated with higher odds of CM/acupuncture use. There is a need for further research to examine the potential benefits of CM/acupuncture for these chronic illnesses.
Clinical characteristics associated with diagnostic delay of pulmonary embolism in primary care: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Hendriksen Janneke M T , Koster-van Ree Marleen , Morgenstern Marcus J , Oudega Ruud , Schutgens Roger E G , Moons Karel G M , Geersing Geert-Jan 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the extent of delay in the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism (PE) in primary care, and to identify determinants that are associated with such diagnostic delay.DesignRetrospective observational study.Setting6 primary care practices across the Netherlands.ParticipantsData from patients with an objectively confirmed diagnosis of PE (International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) code K93) up to June 2015 were extracted from the electronic medical records. For all these PE events, we reviewed all consultations with their general practitioner (GP) and scored any signs and symptoms that could be attributed to PE in the 3 months prior to the event. Also, we documented actual comorbidity and the diagnosis considered initially.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDelay was defined as a time gap of >7 days between the first potentially PE-related contact with the GP and the final PE diagnosis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent determinants for delay.ResultsIn total, 180 incident PE cases were identified, of whom 128 patients had 1 or more potential PE-related contact with their GP within the 3 months prior to the diagnosis. Based on our definition, in 33 of these patients (26%), diagnostic delay was observed. Older age (age >75 years; OR 5.1 (95% CI 1.8 to 14.1)) and the absence of chest symptoms (ie, chest pain or pain on inspiration; OR 5.4 (95% CI 1.9 to 15.2)) were independent determinants for diagnostic delay. A respiratory tract infection prior to the PE diagnosis was reported in 13% of cases without delay, and in 33% of patients with delay (p=0.008).ConclusionsDiagnostic delay of more than 7 days in the diagnosis of PE is common in primary care, especially in the elderly, and if chest symptoms, like pain on inspiration, are absent.
What proportion of patients with psychosis is willing to take part in research? A mental health electronic case register analysis
Authors: Patel Rashmi , Oduola Sherifat , Callard Felicity , Wykes Til , Broadbent Matthew , Stewart Robert , Craig Thomas K J , McGuire Philip 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThe proportion of people with mental health disorders who participate in clinical research studies is much smaller than for those with physical health disorders. It is sometimes assumed that this reflects an unwillingness to volunteer for mental health research studies. We examined this issue in a large sample of patients with psychosis.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingAnonymised electronic mental health record data from the South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (SLaM).Participants5787 adults diagnosed with a psychotic disorder.ExposureWhether approached prior to 1 September 2014 for consent to be approached about research participation.Main outcome measuresNumber of days spent in a psychiatric hospital, whether admitted to hospital compulsorily, and total score on the Health of the Nation Outcome Scale (HoNOS) between 1 September 2014 and 28 February 2015 with patient factors (age, gender, ethnicity, marital status and diagnosis) and treating clinical service as covariates.Results1187 patients (20.5% of the total sample) had been approached about research participation. Of those who were approached, 773 (65.1%) agreed to be contacted in future by researchers. Patients who had been approached had 2.3 fewer inpatient days (95% CI −4.4 to −0.3, p=0.03), were less likely to have had a compulsory admission (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.84, p=0.001) and had a better HoNOS score (β coefficient −0.9, 95% CI −1.5 to −0.4, p=0.001) than those who had not. Among patients who were approached, there was no significant difference in clinical outcomes between those agreed to research contact and those who did not.ConclusionsAbout two-thirds of patients with psychotic disorders were willing to be contacted about participation in research. The patients who were approached had better clinical outcomes than those who were not, suggesting that clinicians were more likely to approach patients who were less unwell.
Simplified Mortality Score for the Intensive Care Unit (SMS-ICU): protocol for the development and validation of a bedside clinical prediction rule
Authors: Granholm Anders , Perner Anders , Krag Mette , Hjortrup Peter Buhl , Haase Nicolai , Holst Lars Broksø , Marker Søren , Collet Marie Oxenbøll , Jensen Aksel Karl Georg , Møller Morten Hylander 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionMortality prediction scores are widely used in intensive care units (ICUs) and in research, but their predictive value deteriorates as scores age. Existing mortality prediction scores are imprecise and complex, which increases the risk of missing data and decreases the applicability bedside in daily clinical practice. We propose the development and validation of a new, simple and updated clinical prediction rule: the Simplified Mortality Score for use in the Intensive Care Unit (SMS-ICU).Methods and analysisDuring the first phase of the study, we will develop and internally validate a clinical prediction rule that predicts 90-day mortality on ICU admission. The development sample will comprise 4247 adult critically ill patients acutely admitted to the ICU, enrolled in 5 contemporary high-quality ICU studies/trials. The score will be developed using binary logistic regression analysis with backward stepwise elimination of candidate variables, and subsequently be converted into a point-based clinical prediction rule. The general performance, discrimination and calibration of the score will be evaluated, and the score will be internally validated using bootstrapping. During the second phase of the study, the score will be externally validated in a fully independent sample consisting of 3350 patients included in the ongoing Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in the Intensive Care Unit trial. We will compare the performance of the SMS-ICU to that of existing scores.Ethics and disseminationWe will use data from patients enrolled in studies/trials already approved by the relevant ethical committees and this study requires no further permissions. The results will be reported in accordance with the Transparent Reporting of multivariate prediction models for Individual Prognosis Or Diagnosis (TRIPOD) statement, and submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.
Increased household financial strain, the Great Recession and child health—findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study
Authors: McKenna Caoimhe , Law Catherine , Pearce Anna 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundThere is a growing body of evidence associating financial strain (FS) with poor health but most of this research has been cross-sectional and adult-focused. During the ‘Great Recession’ many UK households experienced increased FS. The primary aim of this study was to determine the impact of increased FS on child health.MethodsWe analysed the Millennium Cohort Study, a longitudinal study of children born in the UK between 2000 and 2002. Surveys at 7 years (T1, 2008) and 11 years (T2, 2012) spanned the ‘Great Recession’. Three measures of increased FS were defined; ‘became income poor’ (self-reported household income dropped below the ‘poverty line’ between T1 and T2); ‘developed difficulty managing’ (parental report of being ‘financially comfortable’ at T1 and finding it ‘difficult to manage’ at T2); ‘felt worse off’ (parental report of feeling financially ‘worse off’ at T2 compared with T1). Poisson regression was used to estimate risk ratios (RR), adjusted risk ratios (aRR) and 95% CIs for six child health outcomes: measured overweight/obesity, problematic behaviour as scored by parents and teachers, and parental reports of fair/poor general health, long-standing illness and bedwetting at T2 (N=13 112). In subanalyses we limited our sample to those who were above the poverty line at T2.ResultsCompared with those who were not financially strained at both time points, children in households which experienced increased FS were at an increased risk of all unhealthy outcomes examined. In most cases, these increased risks persisted after adjustment for confounding and when limiting the sample to those above the poverty line.ConclusionsFS is associated with a range of new or continued poor child health outcomes. During times of widespread economic hardship, such as the ‘Great Recession’, measures should be taken to buffer children and their families from the impact of FS, and these should not be limited to those who are income poor.