bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The McGill Thyroid Nodule Score's (MTNS+) role in the investigation of thyroid nodules with benign ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration biopsies: A retrospective review
Authors: Khalife Sarah , Bouhabel Sarah , Forest Veronique-Isabelle , Hier Michael P. , Rochon Louise , Tamilia Michael , Payne Richard J. 
Published: May 2016

Background Ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (USFNA) biopsies of thyroid nodules sometimes create a decision-making dilemma for surgeons as they may yield falsely benign results. The McGill Thyroid Nodule Score + (MTNS+) was developed to aid in clinical guidance regarding the management of patients with these USFNA results. The aim of this study was to assess the MTNS+ as a clinical tool in patients with benign preoperative thyroid nodule USFNAs and to analyze the relationship between nodule size and malignancy in these patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of 1312 patients who underwent thyroidectomies between 2010 and 2015 at the McGill University Teaching Hospitals. Patients with Bethesda II (benign) USFNA results, calculated MTNS+, and nodule size evaluated on ultrasound were included in the study. The false-negative rate was calculated, and MTNS+ and nodule size were each compared to final pathology results. Binary logistic regression was used for statistical analysis. Results Of the 1312 patients, 101 met the inclusion criteria and together had an average MTNS+ score of 6.83, which corresponds to a predicted malignancy rate between 25 and 33 %. Final pathology revealed malignancy in 16 (15.8 %) subjects. The average MTNS+ of patients with malignant nodules on surgical pathology was 8.25, while that of patients with benign nodules was 6.56. Patients with nodule size 1–1.9 cm (a) and 2–2.9 cm (b) each had an equal rate of malignancy of 2.97 % ( n = 3), nodule size 3–3.9 cm (c) had a rate of 1.98 % ( n = 2), and nodule size ≥4 cm (d) a rate of 7.92 % ( n = 8). Conclusion The rate of malignancy (15.8 %) is higher than expected when reviewing the risk of malignancy in nodules considered as Bethesda class 2. On the other hand, the rate is lower than the 25–33 % predicted by the MTNS+. We also found a higher malignancy rate for nodules above 4 cm in size, but size was a poor predictor of malignancy when used alone. Therefore, while the MTNS+ may be helpful at helping to identify USFNAs that are incorrectly classified as benign, the percentage risk of malignancy is lower than expected.
The WISHED Trial: Implementation of an Interactive Health Communication Application for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Harvey Andrea , Walsh Michael , Jain Arsh K. , Bosch Eric , Moreau Cathy , Garland Jocelyn , Brimble K. Scott 
Published: May 2016

Background: Despite many advantages over facility-based therapies, less than 25 % of prevalent dialysis patients in Ontario are on a home therapy. Interactive health communication applications, web-based packages for patients, have been shown to have a beneficial effect on knowledge, social support, self-efficacy, and behavioral and clinical outcomes but have not been evaluated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Web-based tools designed for patients with CKD exist but to our knowledge have not been assessed in their ability to influence dialysis modality decision-making. Objective: To determine if a web-based tool increases utilization of a home-based therapy in patients with CKD starting dialysis. Design: This is a multi-centered randomized controlled study. Setting: Participants will be recruited from sites in Canada. Participants: Two hundred and sixty-four consenting patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 20 ml/min/1.73 m2 who have received modality education will be enrolled in the study. Measurements: The primary outcome will be the proportion of participants who are on dialysis using a home-based therapy within 3 months of dialysis initiation. Secondary outcomes will include the proportion of patients intending to perform a home-based modality and measures of dialysis knowledge, decision conflict, and social support. Methods: The between-group differences in frequencies will be expressed as either absolute risk differences and/or by calculating the odds ratio and its associated 95 % confidence interval. Conclusions: This study will assess whether access to a website dedicated to supporting and promoting home-based dialysis therapies will increase the proportion of patients with CKD who initiate a home-based dialysis therapy. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01403454, registration date: July 21, 2011.
The evidence for natural therapeutics as potential anti-scarring agents in burn-related scarring
Authors: Mehta M. , Branford O. A. , Rolfe K. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThough survival rate following severe thermal injuries has improved, the incidence and treatment of scarring have not improved at the same speed. This review discusses the formation of scars and in particular the formation of hypertrophic scars. Further, though there is as yet no gold standard treatment for the prevention or treatment of scarring, a brief overview is included. A number of natural therapeutics have shown beneficial effects both in vivo and in vitro with the potential of becoming clinical therapeutics in the future. These natural therapeutics include both plant-based products such as resveratrol, quercetin and epigallocatechin gallate as examples and includes the non-plant-based therapeutic honey. The review also includes potential mechanism of action for the therapeutics, any recorded adverse events and current administration of the therapeutics used. This review discusses a number of potential ‘treatments’ that may reduce or even prevent scarring particularly hypertrophic scarring, which is associated with thermal injuries without compromising wound repair.
Diverse Genotypes and Phenotypes of Three Novel Thyroid Hormone Receptor-α Mutations
Authors: Demir Korcan , van Gucht Anja L. M. , Büyükinan Muammer , Çatlı Gönül , Ayhan Yavuz , Baş Veysel Nijat , Dündar Bumin , Özkan Behzat , Meima Marcel E. , Visser W. Edward , Peeters Robin P. , Visser Theo J. 
Published: May 2016

Context:Recently several patients with resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH)-α due to T3 receptor-α (TRα) mutations were identified. The phenotype of these patients consists of varying degrees of growth impairment, delayed bone, mental and motor development, constipation, macrocephaly, and near-normal thyroid function tests.Objective:The objective of the study was to describe the clinical phenotype of three new families with RTHα and thereby gain more detailed knowledge on this novel syndrome.Design, Setting, and Participants:RTHα was suspected in three index patients from different families. Detailed clinical and biochemical assessment and imaging and genetic analyses were performed in the patients and their relatives. In addition, functional consequences of TRα mutations were investigated in vitro.Results:We studied 22 individuals from three families and identified 10 patients with heterozygous TRα mutations: C380fs387X, R384H, and A263S, respectively. The frame-shift mutation completely inactivated TRα, whereas the missense mutations produced milder defects. These mutations were associated with decreasing severity of the clinical phenotype: the patient in family 1 showed severe defects in growth, mental, and motor development, whereas the seven patients in family 3 had only mild clinical features. The most frequent abnormalities were anemia, constipation, and a delay in at least one of the developmental milestones. Serum free T3 ranged from high-normal to high and serum free T4 and rT3 from normal to low. TSH levels were normal in all patients.Conclusions:This large case series underlines the variation in the clinical phenotype of RTHα patients. RTHα should be suspected in subjects when even mild clinical and laboratory features of hypothyroidism are present along with high/high-normal free T3, low/normal free T4, and normal TSH.
Toward a Polylogical Philology of the Literatures of the World
Authors: Ette Ottmar 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
As the world cannot be adequately understood from the vantage point of a single language, the literatures of the world can no longer be trimmed to a single world literature in the Goethean sense. This recognition bodes well for the future of philology and of literary production. Through multiperspectival writing, knowledge of life may be attainable without being reduced to a single political, medial, cartographical, geocultural, or aesthetic logic. As a laboratory for polylogical thinking, literature does not represent reality, as Erich Auerbach put it. Rather, it represents multiple lived, experienced, or relivable realities. Whoever is open to a polylogical reception of the literatures of the world can perceive and experience how life knowledge transforms into lived knowledge and how knowledge for survival turns into knowledge for living together. However, literature can be more than it is only if it stays aware of the void, of lack, of privation, of the interminable: aware of the end that never is an end. Such a planetary concept of the literatures of the world offers valuable opportunities to all those who do not fall into the trap of contenting themselves with a supposed abundance of text.
Opacity of Theater: Reading Racine with and against Louis Marin
Authors: Guyot Sylvaine 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEmphasizing the crucial role played by the bodily medium in Racinian theater, this essay challenges the long critical tradition that has reduced Jean Racine’s dramaturgy to the poetic effects of its language, and French neoclassical tragedy to a transcoding of royal ceremonies. The omission of Racine’s tragic corpus is a gaping hole in Louis Marin’s discussion of the seventeenth-century theory of representation. Marin sees a perfect correlation between Pierre Corneille’s theater and the theatricality of power, conceived of as a force constructed through a dialectic between the hidden and the shown. Quite the opposite, Racine’s plays dramatize and reflect on two opposing regimes of theatricality. Each in its own way, Bérénice, Mithridate, and Phèdre contrast the political force of the “portrait of the king” and the emotional efficiency of theater as an art of the body. In resonance with the period’s debates in the visual arts, and within the overlapping contexts of the developing culture of galanterie and the quarrel of the ancients and the moderns, Racinian drama calls attention in a striking and unprecedented reflexive manner to the opacity of the theatrical body, whose effects reveal themselves to be both stronger and more unruly than those of monarchical representations.
Targeting surface voids to counter membrane disorders in lipointoxication-related diseases
Authors: Ferru-Clément Romain , Spanova Miroslava , Dhayal Shalinee , Morgan Noel G. , Hélye Reynald , Becq Frédéric , Hirose Hisaaki , Antonny Bruno , Vamparys Lydie , Fuchs Patrick F. J. , Ferreira Thierry 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Saturated fatty acids (SFA), which are abundant in the so-called western diet, have been shown to efficiently incorporate within membrane phospholipids and therefore impact on organelle integrity and function in many cell types. In the present study, we have developed a yeast-based two-step assay and a virtual screening strategy to identify new drugs able to counter SFA-mediated lipointoxication. The compounds identified here were effective in relieving lipointoxication in mammalian β-cells, one of the main targets of SFA toxicity in humans. In vitro reconstitutions and molecular dynamics simulations on bilayers revealed that these molecules, albeit according to different mechanisms, can generate voids at the membrane surface. The resulting surface defects correlate with the recruitment of loose lipid packing or void-sensing proteins required for vesicular budding, a central cellular process that is precluded under SFA accumulation. Taken together, the results presented here point at modulation of surface voids as a central parameter to consider in order to counter the impacts of SFA on cell function.
The ELIXIR channel in F1000Research
Authors: Blomberg Niklas , Oliveira Arlindo , Mons Barend , Persson Bengt , Jonassen Inge 
Published: May 2016

ELIXIR, the European life science infrastructure for biological information, is a unique initiative to consolidate Europe’s national centres, services, and core bioinformatics resources into a single, coordinated infrastructure. ELIXIR brings together Europe’s major life-science data archives and connects these with national bioinformatics infrastructures - the ELIXIR Nodes. This editorial introduces the ELIXIR channel in F1000Research; the aim of the channel is to collect and present ELIXIR’s scientific and operational output, engage with the broad life science community and encourage discussion on proposed infrastructure solutions. Submissions will be assessed by the ELIXIR channel Advisory Board to ensure they are relevant to ELIXIR community, and subjected to F1000Research open peer review process.
Managing the cardiac blues in practice: a survey of Australian practitioners
Authors: Murphy Barbara M , O'Higgins Rosemary , Shand Lyndel , Vincent-Smith Matthew , Jackson Alun C 
Published: May 2016

Background: Many patients experience the cardiac blues after an acute cardiac event, but little support is available. As part of the Cardiac Blues Project, the authors developed a brochure to support patients' emotional recovery. This study investigated health professionals' use of the brochure in clinical practice. Method: In July 2014, the resources were mailed to 606 Australian centres, including all hospital coronary care and cardiothoracic wards, and all cardiac rehabilitation programmes. In July 2015, health professionals were invited to complete an online survey about their use of the resources. Results: In total, 160 (26.4%) health professionals completed the survey. Of these, 89% had discussed the cardiac blues with their patients and 58% had made the cardiac blues brochure available to patients. Conclusions: The Cardiac Blues Project has raised awareness among Australian hospital and CR health professionals about the importance of emotional recovery, and has helped to ensure consistency of message across these settings.
An exploration of the experience of early supported discharge from the perspective of stroke survivors
Authors: Collins Gillian , Breen Ciara , Walsh Thomas , McGrath Margaret 
Published: May 2016

Aims: To explore the experience of early supported discharge from the perspective of stroke survivors in Ireland. Methods: A qualitative research design was used. Participants (n=4) were purposively selected, and each had undergone early supported discharge. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with each of these individuals, and were then analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Results: Two superordinate themes emerged from the analysis: (1) Getting out and getting on. (2) Understandings and misunderstandings. While participants welcomed early supported discharge and reported positive experiences, they also experienced anxiety and uncertainty regarding early discharge and their ability to cope at home following stroke. Conclusions: Early supported discharge appears to be a positive experience for stroke survivors. Health care professionals should pay particular attention to providing adequate information about early supported discharge for stroke survivors and their carers. Further research is needed to capture carers' perspectives of early supported discharge.
The use of clinical case studies to develop clinical reasoning in sports therapy students: The students' perspective
Authors: Armstrong Ross 
Published: May 2016

Aims: The aim of this study was to examine a cohort of second year undergraduate sports therapy students' perceptions regarding the effectiveness of clinical case studies in the development of clinical reasoning skills, and how clinical case studies may influence performance in a sports injury clinic. Methods: The study involved 55 students (23 male, 32 female) and used a mixed methods approach, involving a questionnaire with open ended questions, Likert scale questionnaire and interviews that aimed to determine students' perceptions of their performance. Five main areas were investigated with the open-ended questions: defining clinical reasoning; advantages and disadvantages of clinical case studies; the effectiveness of clinical case studies in comparison to real patients; and whether clinical case studies helped students working in a sports injury clinic. Students completed a 5-point Likert scale that asked three statements regarding the clinical environment. Following the questionnaire, a sample of 15 students were randomly selected for individual interviews. Findings: The results suggested that the students' responses were generally in favour of the use of clinical case studies to aid the development of confidence, communication and clinical reasoning. Conclusions: Clinical learning is unpredictable due to patient interaction, and therefore clinical case studies might be a learning tool that can be used to assist the journey to clinical competence.
Conducting travel health consultations for backpackers
Authors: Gawthrop Mary 
Published: May 2016

Travellers who are going backpacking can provide a challenge to practice nurses providing travel consultations. Mary Gawthrop explains the need for an individualised risk assessment and gives an overview of the key issues facing backpackers For many travellers, going backpacking is the first time they have left their home country for an extended period. Backpackers have a unique set of risks due to their likely activities and the large areas they tend to cover—often over more than one continent. This can present a challenge to the practice nurse. There are several key areas that need to be discussed with backpackers including risk of accidents, blood-borne infections, contraception, food and water hygiene, insect-borne infections and travel insurance, as well as the usual considerations for vaccinations and immunisations.
Rhetorics of incommensurability: Disarticulating queer Christianity in mainstream news coverage of the Soulforce Equality Ride
Authors: Spencer Leland G. , Barnett Joshua Trey 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this article, we present a critical rhetorical analysis of mainstream news coverage of the Soulforce Equality Ride, an annual bus tour composed of mostly queer and trans Christian students who protest Christian colleges and universities with anti-queer or anti-trans policies. We argue that much mainstream news coverage of the Equality Ride rhetorically functions to disarticulate queer and Christian identities by: marginalizing the activists, overemphasizing the activists’ arrests, and framing Christian colleges and universities as hospitable and welcoming environments for the activists. By disarticulating queer and Christian identities, the news stories discussed in this article undermine without overcoming the discursive labour of Soulforce activists who both embody and perform queer Christianity. Thus, although mainstream news coverage does not undo the articulatory work of the Soulforce activists, it does demonstrate that queer Christianity is a rhetorical achievement that can only be maintained through continuous discursive struggle.
Does enhancing consciousness for strategic planning processes support the effectiveness of problem-based learning concepts in biomedical education?
Authors: Arling V. , Knispel J. , Ritter A. , Baumann M. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Interdisciplinary skills gain increasing importance in university and professional contexts. To support these interdisciplinary skills, problem-based learning (PBL) is regularly used in a course for biomedical education. In this study, we investigated whether enhancing consciousness for planning processes can support the effectiveness of PBL concepts in an intervention-control group design. Results indicated clear evidence for this: planning skills were associated with better PBL performance. Concluding, self-reflection of planning skills is useful to increase outcome performance of students in PBL courses.
SPIO processing in macrophages for MPI: The breast cancer MPI-SNLB-concept
Authors: Finas Dominique , Janine Stegmann-Frehse , Benjamin Sauer , Gereon Hüttmann , Achim Rody , Thorsten Buzug , Kerstin Lüdtke-Buzug 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women worldwide. We aim to develop a new sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) method with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIOs) and magnetic particle imaging (MPI) in BC to avoid tissue damaging while axillary surgery. As we know from i.v. SPIO application in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), macrophages (MP) are key role player in processing of SPIOs (e.g. in liver) causing a drop of signal intensity. But, knowledge lacks concerning enrichment processes of SPIOs after injection in breast tissue, the adjacent lymphatic tissues and associated cells, especially in BC and metastatic lymph nodes. We already evaluated the distribution of SPIOs in an in vivo healthy and tumor mouse model. Based on these studies we investigate the processing of the SPIOs in MP.

Material and Methods
To evaluate SPIO processing, a mouse MP cell line J774A.1 was incubated either by Resovist in culture medium (RPMI, FBS), or culture medium only as control. MP were than analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Additionally, this process was observed in vivo by multiphoton microscopy. Detection of SPIOs was realized by excitation at 1200 nm.

Results
Resovist had no toxic effects on cells.MP showed activity in phagocytosis of Resovist after incubation in TEM as well as in multiphoton microscopy. SPIOs were detectable within intracellular vesicles by TEM and 3-photon process. The first cell associated SPIO signal was detected after 1,5 min of incubation by in vivo imaging.

Conclusion
To our knowledge this is the first time a 3-photon device was used to image SPIOs in a bio-medical context. System wide scanning is known (MRI, MPI), but nowwe are also able to identify the link to subcellular processing and localization of SPIOs. Further processing of SPIOs in MP is under development.
Photoactivated inhibition of cathepsin K in a 3D tumor model
Authors: Herroon Mackenzie K. , Sharma Rajgopal , Rajagurubandara Erandi , Turro Claudia , Kodanko Jeremy J. , Podgorski Izabela 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Collagenolytic activity of cathepsin K is important for many physiological and pathological processes including osteoclast-mediated bone degradation, macrophage function and fibroblast-mediated matrix remodeling. Here, we report application of a light-activated inhibitor for controlling activity of cathepsin K in a 3D functional imaging assay. Using prostate carcinoma cell line engineered to overexpress cathepsin K, we demonstrate the utility of the proteolytic assay in living tumor spheroids for the evaluation and quantification of the inhibitor effects on cathepsin K-mediated collagen I degradation. Importantly, we also show that utilizing the ruthenium-caged version of a potent nitrile cathepsin K inhibitor (4), cis-[Ru(bpy)2(4)2](BF4)2 (5), offers significant advantage in terms of effective concentration of the inhibitor and especially its light-activated control in the 3D assay. Our results suggest that light activation provides a suitable, attractive approach for spatial and temporal control of proteolytic activity, which remains a critical, unmet need in treatment of human diseases, especially cancer.