bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal gradients in Europe during the last glacial-interglacial transition
Authors: Renssen H. , Isarin R.F.B. , Vandenberghe J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTemperature profiles along east-west and north-south transects in Europe are presented for four time-slices covering the two most prominent warming phases of the last glacial-interglacial transition: Late Pleniglacial (LP), early Bøiling (BL), Younger Dryas (YD), and Preboreal (PB). These temperature profiles are based on two methods: 1) simulation experiments with an atmospheric general circulation model, 2) reconstructions based on terrestrial geological and palaeoecological data. The profiles have The Netherlands as intersection point (52°N, 5°E). During the cold phases (LP and YD), the simulated and reconstructed temperature gradients are very steep in a north-south direction, ranging in January from -25°C in northern Europe (56–60°N) to at least 5°C near the Mediterranean, and in July from 0°C to 20°C. The east-west profiles along 52°N for LP and YD show that temperatures in Eastern Europe were similar to the Atlantic coast (i.e. between ‒15°C and ‒25°C). During the warm phases (BL and PB), the temperature regimes resembled present-day thermal conditions, although steeper north-south and east-west temperature gradients were present during BL and PB. The model simulations suggest that continental Europe was a few degrees warmer during PB and BL than today in July under influence of the relatively high summer insolation. Considering the change of climate through time, the profiles show that in The Netherlands the warming during the two transitions (LP-BL, YD-PB) was relatively small compared to regions to the West and North, whereas in Eastern and Southern Europe the temperature increase is even smaller. This reflects the dominant influence of latitudinal movements of the North Atlantic polar front and associated sea-ice margin.
Climatic and environmental events over the Last Termination, as recorded in The Netherlands: a review
Authors: Hoek W.Z. , Bohncke S.J.P. ,   The Netherlands Centre for Geo-ecological Research (ICG)
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Last Termination, or Weichselian Lateglacial (ca 15–10 ka cal. BP), is a time period with rapid changes in climate and environment. The oxygen-isotope records of the Greenland ice-cores are regarded as the most complete climate proxy for the North Atlantic region. In The Netherlands several other proxies have been investigated and dated in great detail over the last few decades. However, changes registered in the different records are not by definition causally related to climate changes. Comparison of the different records on a common time-scale permits evaluation of the interrelationships and correlations to the Greenland ice-cores. Some events are the result of the complex interplay of different environmental variables and have no causal relationship with climate changes at all. By comparing the different records on a common time-scale and examining spatial patterns, the links between the proxies become evident.
Relative water-level rise in the Flevo lagoon (The Netherlands), 5300-2000 cal. yr BC: an evaluation of new and existing basal peat time-depth data
Authors: Makaske B. , Van Smeerdijk D.G. , Peeters H. , Mulder J.R. , Spek T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe rise of Holocene (ground)water level as a function of relative sea-level rise has been extensively investigated in the western Netherlands, whereas few studies focused on the Flevo lagoon in the central Netherlands. In this study, all available 14C dates from the base of basal peat overlying the top of compaction-free Pleistocene sand in the former Flevo lagoon were evaluated in order to reconstruct water-level rise for the period 5300-2000 cal. yr BC. The present basal peat 14C data set from Flevoland consists of two subsets: (1) the largely new Almere data (41 dates) representing the southern part of the former Flevo lagoon, with 26 dates especially carried out for this study, and (2) the existing Schokland data (21 dates) representing the eastern part of the lagoon. The Schokland area is located about 50 km from the Almere area. The quality of all basal peat time-depth data was palaeo-ecologically and geologically evaluated, all 14C dates were calibrated to the same standards, and error margins of age and altitude determination were estimated. After plotting the data as error boxes in time-depth graphs, lower limit curves for water-level rise were constructed for both data sets. Comparison with the mean sea-level curve for The Netherlands (Van de Plassche, 1982) suggests that water-level rise in the Almere area between 5300 and 2000 cal. yr BC corresponded closely to the rise in mean sea level. The same holds for the Schokland area for the period 5000-4200 cal. yr BC. For the period 4200-2000 cal. yr BC, however, the Schokland data suggest water-level rise to have been slower than mean sea-level rise, leading to local water levels apparently below mean sea level, which is virtually impossible. Hypothetical explanations for this discrepancy include: errors and uncertainties in mean sea-level and local water-level reconstruction, basin subsidence and temporal differences in intra-coastal tidal damping. The presently available data are inconclusive at this point and Holocene water-level rise in the Flevo lagoon awaits further investigations.
The origin of brackish and saline groundwater in the coastal area of the Netherlands
Authors: Post V.E.A. , Van der Plicht H. , Meijer H.A.J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn explanation is presented for the origin of brackish to saline groundwater in the coastal area of the Netherlands based on geological, chemical (chlorinity), isotopic and geophysical data. A critical review of all possible salinization mechanisms shows that the origin of the brackish water is related to former transgressions. Both the vertical salinity distribution and the carbon-14 activity of the groundwater indicate that connate sea water from the Pliocene to Early Pleistocene is not the source of the brackish to saline waters in the overlying Pleistocene fluvial aquifers. Instead, it derives from Holocene transgressions. The salinization mechanism is discussed in relation to the paleogeographical development during the Holocene and the occurrence of low-permeability strata. Finally, freshening of the aquifers following retreat of the sea is briefly considered.
The echinoid genus Echinogalerus in the Maastrichtian type area
Authors: Van der Ham R. , Van Birgelen M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Late Cretaceous echinoid genus Echinogalerus König, 1825 is remarkably diverse in the Maastrichtian type area (SE Netherlands and adjacent parts of NE Belgium and western Germany). So far, five species have been recognised, namely E. belgicus (Lambert, 1898), E. minutus (Smiser, 1935), E. muelleri (Schlüter, 1902), E. pusillus Lambert, 1911 and E. vetschauensis (Schlüter, 1902), which occur from the base of the Lower Maastrichtian (E. belgicus, E. pusillus, E. muelleri) up to the K/T boundary (E. minutus). Echinogalerus muelleri, which has the longest stratigraphical range, is the most diverse, while E. pusillus is the smallest echinoid in the area, reaching maximum lengths of 4.5 mm. Comparisons with other species of Echinogalerus described in the literature have now led to the recognition of three tentative infrageneric alliances. It is argued that the ordinal position of Echinogalerus (Holectypoida or Cassiduloida) cannot be evaluated as long as many species are still insufficiently known and two genera, from the Maastrichtian of northern Germany and Denmark, intermediate between the two orders, remain undescribed.
The stratigraphic range of the index ammonitePachydiscus neubergicus(von Hauer, 1858) in the type area of the Maastrichtian Stage
Authors: Jagt J.W.M. , Felder W.M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn the extended type area of the Maastrichtian Stage (southern Limburg, the Netherlands; provinces of Limburg and Liège, Belgium; Aachen area, Germany), the pachydiscidPachydiscus (P.) neubergicus(von Hauer, 1858) ranks amongst the rarer species of Campanian-Maastrichtian ammonites. To date, just four specimens are known, which showP. (P.) neubergicusin this area to have been confined to the Vijlen Member (Intervals 0–6, Gulpen Formation). This would correspond to the basalsumensisZone to the lowercimbricaZone, ortegulatus/juniorZone, depending on placement of the Lower/Upper Maastrichtian boundary. Material available has been collected in recent years at the CBR-Lixhe (Liège, Belgium) and ENCI-Maastricht bv (Maastricht) quarries as well as from outcrop 62D-26 at Vijlenerbosch (Vijlen, the Netherlands). Records ofP. (P.) neubergicus, the proposed index for the base of the Maastrichtian Stage, from elsewhere in Europe (northern Spain, SW France, Austria, Denmark, Bulgaria), suggest it to have been fairly long-ranging and show local first occurrences to have been diachronous.
On the alleged presence of Halisaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) in the latest Cretaceous of the Maastrichtian type area
Authors: Mulder E.W.A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe presence of Halisaurus (Squamata, Mosasauridae) in the uppermost Cretaceous of the Maastrichtian type area, suggested by Lingham-Soliar (1996) on the strength of two partial vertebrae, is questioned. The anatomy of these elements suggests that they pertain not to Halisaurus, but more probably to Plioplatecarpus marshi Dollo, 1882.
Correlation of calcareous nannofossil zones to the local first occurrence ofPachydiscus neubergicus(von Hauer, 1858) (Ammonoidea) in European Upper Cretaceous sections
Authors: Wagreich M. , Küchler T. , Summesberger H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe first occurrence (FO) of the ammonitePachydiscus neubergicus(von Hauer, 1858) has been correlated to calcareous nannofossil zonations in several European sections along the northern margin of the Tethyan palaeobiogeographic realm. Both the proposed stratotype section of Tercis (SW France) and complete, ammonite-bearing sections in northern Spain document the FO ofP. neubergicuswithin standard nannofossil zone CC23a (UC16), below the LO ofBroinsonia parca constricta. Other sections such as the type locality Neuberg (Austria), Nagoriani (the Ukraine) and Bjala (Bulgaria) indicate considerable diachroneity of local FOs and showP. neubergicusto range up to nannofossil zone CC25b/c (UC20; Late Maastrichtian).
First record of Pachydiscus noetlingi Kennedy, 1999 (Ammonoidea) from the Maastrichtian type area (the Netherlands)
Authors: Jagt J.W.M. , Kennedy W.J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTwo specimens of a pachydiscid ammonite, a fragmentary silicified phragmocone from the Kunrade Limestone facies at Kunrade (Schunck), and a partial external mould preserved in flint from the Nekum Member (both Maastricht Formation, Belemnitella junior Zone of authors) at the former Blom quarry (Berg en Terblijt), are identified as Pachydiscus (P.) noetlingi Kennedy, 1999, a species previously known only from the Upper Maastrichtian of Baluchistan (Pakistan). This new record underscores the proposal of incursions of Tethyan biota into the type area of the Maastrichtian Stage, previously documented for other groups, including echinoderms and bivalves, as well.
Durophagous Mosasauridae (Squamata) from the Upper Cretaceous phosphates of Morocco, with description of a new species of Globidens
Authors: Bardet N. , Suberbiola X. Pereda , Iarochène M. , Amalik M. , Bouya B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThree durophagous mosasaur species are represented by isolated teeth in the Upper Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) phosphatic beds of Morocco. Globidens phosphaticus nov. sp. is characterised mainly by a strong heterodonty, with mid-posterior teeth being bulbous, irregularly oval in crosssection, and having an inflated posterior surface, a large eccentric located and recurved apical nubbin, vertical sulci on medial and lateral faces, no carinae and an enamel surface covered by anastomosing ridges. Teeth of Prognathodon currii are broad and tall, straight cones, slightly swollen at the base, and with two serrated carinae. These two taxa have been collected from all the phosphatic series (lower to upper Maastrichtian) in the Ganntour Basin (Morocco). Globidens phosphaticus nov. sp. is probably also represented at other Maastrichtian phosphatic sites along the southern margin of the Mediterranean Tethys. Prognathodon currii was previously known only from the Upper Cretaceous phosphates of Negev. Of the third taxon, Carinodens belgicus, only a single tooth (now lost) is known from the Oulad Abdoun Basin (Morocco); this is low, swollen, laterally compressed and bicarinate with a large apical nubbin. Previous records of this species include Europe and Brazil.
Annotated catalogue of marine squamates (Reptilia) from the Upper Cretaceous of northeastern Mexico
Authors: Buchy M.-C. , Smith K.T. , Frey E. , Stinnesbeck W. , González González A.H. , Ifrim C. , López-Oliva J.G. , Porras-Muzquiz H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecent work in the Upper Cretaceous of northeastern Mexico has produced a diversity of vertebrate remains. For specimens referable to Squamata, both old and new, an annotated catalogue is here provided, wherein are summarised the geological context and morphological features of each specimen. All specimens appear to represent marine squamates, including an aigialosaur-like reptile preserving integumentary structures, several vertebrae possibly representing mosasauroids, the first Mexican mosasaur known from significant cranial material, an isolated mosasaur mandibular fragment, and the holotype of Amphekepubis johnsoni (considered to belong to Mosasaurus). These discoveries are auspicious and should deepen our understanding of palaeobiogeographic and evolutionary patterns
Of German princes and North American rivers: Harlan’s lost mosasaur snout rediscovered
Authors: Caldwell M.W. , Bell G.L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe lost snout of Richard Harlan’s specimen of Mosasaurus missouriensis has been rediscovered in the vertebrate palaeontology collections of the Muséum national d’Histoire Naturelle (MNHN) in Paris, France. The specimen (MNHN 9587) bears the handwritten description, ‘Amérique du Nord. Par M. Harlan.’, which translated reads, ‘North America. By/From Mr. Harlan’. Accession information indicates the specimen was a gift to the museum prior to 1860 and was likely gifted from Harlan’s estate after his death. We examine the available history of the collection of the specimen present a description of the rediscovered snout, and demonstrate conclusively the conspecificity of M. maximiliani Goldfuss, 1845 and M. missouriensis (Harlan, 1834a) by providing a revised diagnosis of the taxon.
Remains of Clidastes Cope, 1868, an unexpected mosasaur in the upper Campanian of NW Germany
Authors: Caldwell M.W. , Diedrich C.G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe mosasaurine Clidastes sp. is recognised from cranial and post-cranial remains collected at four localities in NW Germany. Cranial material was found in pelagic turbiditic marls which crop out near the village of Beckum, while post-cranial skeletal elements were collected from sandy limestones exposed near the villages of Schöppingen, Coesfeld and Billerbeck. In stratigraphic order, the units producing these specimens of Clidastes are the Coesfeld, Baumberge and Beckum formations of late Campanian (Late Cretaceous) age. The cranial material comprises the anterior part of a skull and a single isolated tooth, while post-cranial bones comprise a few isolated vertebrae and a partial skeleton including forelimb bones and an articulated vertebral column. Clidastes is known to date from the western North Sea Basin (England), southern Sweden, as well as from North America (Western Interior Seaway and Gulf Coast).
Recent mosasaur discoveries from New Jersey and Delaware, USA: stratigraphy, taphonomy and implications for mosasaur extinction
Authors: Gallagher W.B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Upper Cretaceous deposits of New Jersey and Delaware produced the first mosasaur specimens collected in North America. Recent recovery of mosasaur specimens from streambank exposures and new excavation sites has increased our knowledge of the stratigraphic distribution of these animals in the northern Atlantic coastal plain. Reassessment of the source and age of mosasaur specimens from the Big Brook site and other localities in Monmouth County (NJ) has greatly increased the number of known Campanian mosasaur specimens from this region. Two main taphonomic occurrence modes are noted: 1 - single, worn and broken bones and isolated teeth in mixed faunal deposits probably accumulated due to current action in nearshore environments; 2 - partial skeletons, skulls and single bones in deeper-water settings were the aftermath of biological modification of carcasses and deadfalls. The mosasaurs of the New Egypt Formation represent some of the last (i.e., stratigraphically highest) mosasaur fossils in North America. Mosasaur extinction was due to the collapse of the rich Late Cretaceous marine food web at the K/T boundary. Subsequently in the early Paleocene, with the disappearance of the mosasaurs, crocodilians became the apical predators of the marine environment in this area.
Danish mosasaurs
Authors: Lindgren J. , Jagt J.W.M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPresented are the first formal descriptions of mosasaur remains of Maastrichtian age from the Danish mainland (Jylland, Sjælland); just two taxa are recognised, viz.Mosasauruscf.hoffmanniandPlioplatecarpussp. Recent finds include an association of skeletal fragments, inclusive of a single marginal tooth crown, from within 10 metres or so of the K/T boundary near Holtug, Stevns Klint (Sjælland, eastern Denmark), here assigned toPlioplatecarpussp. A brief review of previous records of Danish mosasaurs is added.
Russellosaurus coheni n. gen., n. sp., a 92 million-year-old mosasaur from Texas (USA), and the definition of the parafamily Russellosaurina
Authors: Polcyn M.J. , Bell G.L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new mosasaur, Russellosaurus coheni, is described from the Collignoniceras woollgari Zone (lower Middle Turonian) at Cedar Hill, Dallas County, Texas. At approximately 92 Ma, it is the oldest well-preserved mosasaur skull from North America. It possesses characters diagnostic of Plioplatecarpinae but retains numerous plesiomorphies as well. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a close relationship with Yaguarasaurus columbianus, and these two, together with Tethysaurus nopcsai, form a clade that occupies a position basal to the divergence of the subfamilies Tylosaurinae and Plioplatecarpinae. Russellosaurus coheni is proposed as the nominal taxon of a new mosasaur clade, parafamily taxon novum Russellosaurina, which includes Plioplatecarpinae, Tylosaurinae, their common ancestor and all descendants. Tethysaurus retains a plesiopedal limb and girdle morphology, and along with Russellosaurus and Yaguarasaurus, cranial plesiomorphies. Dallasaurus turneri, a temporally and geographically sympatric plesiopedal mosasaur, occupies a basal position within Mosasaurinae. This phyletic arrangement confirms that marine adaptations, such as development of paddle-like limbs, occurred independently in at least two lineages of mosasaurs, once within Mosasaurinae and once within Russellosaurina.
Mosasaur remains from the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group of southwest Japan
Authors: Tanimoto M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUntil recently, mosasaur remains from the Izumi Group (Upper Cretaceous) in southwest Japan comprised only scattered finds; now a richer material is available. From the upper Campanian Hiketa Formation in Kagawa Prefecture, Kourisodon sp. has just been recorded, on the basis of portions of skull and mandible which has small and laterally compressed teeth. A few teeth of the same or similar type have previously been described from the Maastrichtian Mutsuo Formation in Osaka Prefecture. A report of Mosasaurus sp. A, which resembles M. missouriensis and M. dekayi, is based on some cranial and mandible remains, inclusive of numerous teeth and a few well-preserved cervical and two incomplete dorsal vertebrae, from the Maastrichtian Mutsuo Formation in Osaka Prefecture. A slender tooth of Mosasaurus sp. from the Mutsuo Formation has since been reassigned to Platecarpus (Plioplatecarpinae); yet, this may indeed by a species of Mosasaurus, here listed as Mosasaurus sp. B. To date, smaller specimens of mosasaurids have been shown to be abundant in the Izumi Group, which suggests two possible explanations. Either most of these represent juveniles, or smaller-sized, Kourisodon-like animals flourished here. Finds of Kourisodon sp. from the upper Campanian Hiketa Formation and the Maastrichtian Mutsuo Formation suggests the second explanation is the more likely one.
The alluvial architecture of the Coevorden Field (Upper Carboniferous), the Netherlands
Authors: Kombrink H. , Bridge J.S. , Stouthamer E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA detailed reconstruction of the alluvial architecture of the Coevorden gas Field (Tubbergen Formation, Upper Carboniferous), which is located in the northeastern part of the Netherlands, is presented. This reconstruction is based on well logs, cross-sections and paleogeographic maps. Sedimentological analysis of a 93 m long core allowed to refine the interpretation of the depositional environment. Accurate width determinations are necessary to correctly correlate fluvial sandbodies and reconstruct alluvial architecture. Without using sedimentological information, sandbody width is likely to be overestimated. A method developed by Bridge and Tye (2000) was used to calculate the width of one sandstone body from cross-set thicknesses. On the basis of this calculation and the paleogeographic reconstructions, it may be stated that on average the width of the channel belts we studied in the Coevorden field does not exceed 4 km. Moreover, our paleogeographic reconstructions, which point to a northwestern direction of paleoflow, are in accordance with earlier observations from the study area. The Tubbergen Formation and time-equivalent sediments in Germany are reviewed briefly to put the Coevorden Field in a regional context. The thickness of the Tubbergen Formation is ∼450 m in our study area. In the adjacent German area, time-equivalent sedimentary sequences reach higher thicknesses. This may be attributed to tectonic movements along the Gronau Fault zone and the coming into existence of the Ems Low, of which the Coevorden Field is the westernmost part.
Ground-penetrating radar profiling on embanked floodplains
Authors: Bakker M.A.J. , Maljers D. , Weerts H.J.T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractManagement of the Dutch embanked floodplains is of crucial interest in the light of a likely increase of extreme floods. One of the issues is a gradual decrease of floodwater accommodation space as a result of overbank deposition of mud and sand during floods. To address this issue, sediment deposits of an undisturbed embanked floodplain near Winssen along the river Waal were studied using ground-penetrating radar (GPR). A number of radar facies units were recognized. Boreholes were used to relate radar facies units to sedimentary facies and to determine radar velocity. The GPR groundwave is affected by differences in moisture and texture of the top layer and probably interferes with the first subsurface reflector. The architectural elements recognized in the GPR transects confirm earlier reported insights on human-influenced river behaviour. This is testified in the development of sand bars during flood regimes that are probably more widespread than previously established.