bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GUATEMALA’S INDIGENOUS MATERNAL HEALTH CARE: A SYSTEM IN NEED OF DECOLONIZATION
Authors: Giralt Alicia 
Published: June 2017

Las tasas de mortalidad materna guatemalteca son las más altas de Centroamérica. Dichas tasas varían drásticamente entre grupos étnicos, con las más altas presentes entre mujeres rurales mayas. Mientras Guatemala se esfuerza para reducir estas cifras, la controversia se centra en comadronas tradicionales. Esta investigación estudia el papel de dichas comadronas dentro de un marco postcolonialista y descolonialista. Los resultados muestran un país bajo el legado de la colonización, manifestado en el cuerpo femenino colonizado. Un cambio de paradigma es crucial en relación con las comadronas y sus pacientes. La salud reproductiva de las mujeres indígenas no mejorará hasta que esto suceda y la atención médica sea descolonizada.Palabras clave: maya, mujer, indígena, salud maternal, mortalidad, colonialism, postcolonialismo, descolonialismo, partera, comadrona. Guatemala’s Indigenous Maternal Health Care: A System in Need of DecolonizationAbstract: Guatemala’s Maternal Mortality Ratios are the highest in Central America. These ratios vary drastically among ethnic groups, the highest occurring among rural Mayan women. As Guatemala struggles to reduce its MMRs, the controversy centers on Mayan Traditional Birth Attendants. This research investigates the role of Mayan traditional midwives within the framework of Postcolonialism. The results show a country under the legacy of colonization, manifested in the female colonized body. A paradigm shift is crucial in relation to both traditional birth attendants and their patients. Indigenous women’s reproductive health will not improve until health care, a legacy of Colonialism, is decolonized.Key words: Maya, woman, indigenous, maternal health, mortality, Colonialism, Postcolonialism, Decolonialism, midwives.
Entre Romanticismo, Antiesclavismo y Espiritualidad: Los ecos feministas transculturales de Sab de Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda en The Bondwoman’s Narrative de Hannah Crafts
Authors: Cucarella Ramón Vicent 
Published: June 2017

El siguiente artículo se centra en las novelas Sab (1841) de la escritora cubana Gertrudis Gómez de Avellaneda y en la recientemente descubierta novela The Bondwoman’s Narrative (1857) de la esclava afroamericana Hannah Crafts pues ambas son excelsas en el manejo de una serie de recursos románticos y góticos que encuadran las historias en un contexto decimonónico específicamente femenino. El poder de la pasión, el desbordante y sugestivo marco natural que abriga o arrumba el destino de los personajes y la exaltación de los sentimientos como paradigma epistemológico son los rasgos que las autoras desarrollan siguiendo los cánones establecidos de la época. A través de una intertextualidad transcultural indirecta que moldea los tropos del romanticismo, el uso de la esclavitud y la creación de una espiritualidad redentora, las novelas de Gómez de Avellaneda y de Hannah Crafts se entrelazan entre sí y contribuyen no sólo a perpetuar un género literario que enciende la mecha de la reivindicación femenina sino que, además, demuestran que las mujeres utilizaron también la literatura para participar en los debates nacionales empleando sus propias armas culturales y, por tanto, plantando la semilla de una literatura genuina que florecerá a lo largo del siglo XIX con más precisión y fuerza.
Land dreaming: identidades y arraigo en la escritura de Sharon Blackie y Part Mora
Authors: García Navarro Carmen 
Published: June 2017

Las obras de Sharon Blackie y Pat Mora enfatizan la necesidad de una mayor conexión de los individuos con el medio natural. Desde la necesidad personal de fortalecer los vínculos de pertenencia a un lugar y una comunidad, las dos autoras exploran sus raíces y el entramado de la historia personal. De la respuesta artística a esa necesidad surgen narrativas y poéticas que econocen representaciones antiguas y actuales sobre el cuidado del planeta, y el de tradiciones, elatos y mitos de los lugares que habitamos.
Comparison of different bushing applications in composite structures of the aerospace industry
Authors: Adin Hamit , Bakır Gazi Serten , Özbay Mahmut 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this study, four different bushing applications of carbon-epoxy pre-preg laminated composite plates were investigated experimentally and theoretically. The bushings in composite specimens on which the applications were conducted were loaded perpendicular to their plane, and the strength of the assembly was investigated in this way. These applications were compared by using the results of the experiments. The methodology of bushing application was determined for the most durable assembly. The generated finite element model for different bushing assemblies provided contribution for designing process in finite element analysis. While MSC/PATRAN was used for the finite element model generation, MSC/NASTRAN was applied for the finite element analysis.
Effect of post-weld heat treatment on fusion boundary microstructure in dissimilar metal welds for subsea service
Authors: Fink Carolin , Alexandrov Boian T. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Microstructural features at the fusion boundary in dissimilar metal welds significantly influence the susceptibility to local hydrogen embrittlement under subsea service conditions. Two subsea dissimilar metal welds using nickel-based filler metal on low alloy steel substrate were studied in this work in order to investigate the nature and microstructural evolution of the dissimilar interface during post-weld heat treatment (PWHT), and to determine resistance to hydrogen embrittlement. The delayed hydrogen cracking test (DHCT) was utilized to determine hydrogen-assisted cracking (HAC) susceptibility. Thermokinetic modeling was conducted to study phase formation and carbon diffusion across the dissimilar interface. Diffusion calculations incorporated initial compositional gradients after welding and the nonmoving phase boundary during PWHT. Resistance to HAC was in good agreement with previously obtained DHCT results for the tested dissimilar metal welds. Tempered martensite in the heat-affected zone of the steel substrate was observed as a function of PWHT temperature. Fresh martensite with high local hardness formed during cooling in highly diluted weld metal regions. The cell model incorporated in DICTRA effectively predicted differences in carbon concentration profiles across the dissimilar interface and type of carbide precipitation as a function of PWHT procedure and steel substrate.
Mechanical property effects of symmetrical hour glass shapes formed during double-sided TIG keyhole arc welding of AISI1040 joints
Authors: Teker Tanju , Karakurt Eyyüp Murat , Demir Fatih 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In this study, AISI1040 steel sheets of 10 mm thickness were welded in butt position without pretreatment by double-sided TIG keyhole arc welding process. Weld joints were produced by using three different welding currents (410, 430 and 450 A), electrode diameter (Φ: 3.2 mm), a constant shielding gas flow rate (8 l × min−1) and welding speed (0.01 m × min−1). Microstructural changes occurred in the fusion line of the weld samples were examined by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and microhardness analysis. V-notch Charpy and tensile tests were carried out to determine the bond strength of the weld samples. In addition, fracture types of the tensile test samples were determined by the help of fractographic examinations using SEM and EDS. Consequently, the weld samples produced by double-sided TIG keyhole technique are approximately symmetrical and hour glass shaped. Also, it was found that penetration depth increased with current density.
L’Histoire du Saint sacrement de Miracle d’Étienne Ydens (1605), oeuvre de dévotion ou oeuvre polémique ?
Authors: Adam Renaud 
Published: June 2017

De Historie van de Heilig Sacrament van Mirakel van Steven Ydens († 1605), devotioneel boek of polemisch boek ?
Het onderzoek naar de zeventiende-eeuwse gedrukte traditie van de geschiedenis van het Heilig Sacrament van Mirakel van kanunnik Steven (Étienne) Ydens († 1615) vormde de aanleiding om niet alleen de persoonlijkheid van de auteur te bestuderen, maar ook de wijze waarop het verhaal van het Brussels eucharistisch wonder werd ingezet voor politiek-religieuze doeleinden. De kanunnik van Sint-Goedele gebruikte het verhaal over de ontheiliging van hosties uit het laatste derde van de veertiende eeuw om het protestantisme en de – in zijn ogen al even gevaarlijke – hekserij te bestrijden. Uit de studie van de zeventiende-eeuwse edities is gebleken dat het controversiële karakter van het werk geleidelijk afnam. Dit toont aan dat protestantisme en hekserij in deze periode niet meer als een even grote bedreiging werden ervaren als ten tijde van de redactie van het werk door Ydens.
Lecture des témoignages d’anciens coloniaux ou comment dénouer les noeuds de la subjectivité
Authors: Gillet Florence 
Published: June 2017

The testimonies of former Belgian colonials or how to unravel the knots of subjectivity.
In 2004, the Centre for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society (CEGESOMA) started a large research project into the social memories of former Belgian colonials. Its two main goals were first to establish a social profile of the group and second to analyze their social memories. There were two research phases : a written questionnaire was first sent to a large sample group, after which oral interviews were conducted with a smaller selection of individual witnesses. This article returns to the methodological path taken during the second stage of the project. First, this article tackles the profile of the witnesses and the choice made for the method of interviewing. Second, the article analyzes the external factors that potentially impacted the course of the interview. We offer three prisms of interpretation : the relationship between interviewer-interviewee, the historical and political context of the research and finally the composition of the witness-group.
Safe childbirth: Concept Analysis According to the Walker and Avant Method
Authors: Fontenele Fernanda Maria Carvalho , Guedes Maria Vilani Cavalcante , Freitas Maria Célia De , Silva Lúcia De Fátima Da , Ferreira Junior Antonio Rodrigues , Silva Maria Adelane Monteiro Da , Oliveira Roberta Meneses , Rodrigues Dafne Paiva 
Published: June 2017

Objective: This study analyzed the concept of "Safe delivery" using the method proposed by Walker and Avant, which establishes eight steps for the construction of a concept.
Method: Literature search was carried out in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) and the Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo) in the period from April to July 2016. Controlled descriptors were: "Parturition", "Safety" and "Patient safety", in Portuguese and English. The compound term "Safe Delivery" was also used. Thirty two productions were included in this analysis.
Results: Among the attributes, maternal and fetal monitoring stand out and, as antecedent, the identification of risks for preventing damage. The reduction of maternal and infant mortality and the well-being of the mother-child binomial were evident in this work. Following the establishment of model case and opposite case, the definition of safe delivery was obtained: "the set of care measures that seek to identify risks, prevent damage and/or complications during delivery, ensuring maternal and fetal monitoring in favor of the welfare of mother and child ".
Conclusion: The analysis of the essential attributes, its antecedents and consequences made it possible to define the concept of safe delivery. However, it is considered that this concept is changeable bearing in mind that there is a lack of randomized studies to identify potential risks to childbirth.
The Effects of 5-year Etanercept Therapy on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Agca Rabia , Heslinga Maaike , Kneepkens Eva L. , van Dongen Carlo , Nurmohamed Michael T. 
Published: June 2017

Objective.To investigate the effects of etanercept (ETN) on lipid metabolism and other known cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA).Methods.In an observational cohort of 118 consecutive patients with PsA, CVD risk factors were assessed over 5 years. Mixed-model analyses were performed to investigate the effects of ETN therapy on CVD risk factors over time.Results.Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased during therapy with ETN. There was an increase in total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The TC/HDLc ratio remained unaltered. The apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I (apoB/apoA-I) ratio decreased significantly. An increase in CRP was associated with an increase in the apoB/apoA-1 ratio.Conclusion.Serum lipid concentrations showed small changes over a 5-year period of ETN therapy and were inversely associated with inflammatory markers. Other CVD risk factors remained stable. The apoB/apoA-1 ratio decreased over time and an increase in disease activity was associated with an increase in this ratio. However, this modest lipid modulation cannot explain the observed beneficial CV effects of ETN, and ETN likely exerts those effects through inflammation-related mechanisms.
Le goût des autres
Authors: Le Lec Fabrice , Lumeau Marianne , Tarroux Benoît 
Published: June 2017

Cet article étudie pourquoi certains individus ont tendance à adopter des comportements de consommation conformistes. Plus précisément, notre attention se porte sur l’analyse des préférences intrinsèques pour la conformité : les préférences des individus auraient tendance à converger vers celles des autres, même dans des contextes où il n’existe pas d’incertitude quant à la qualité des biens et où les choix des individus ne peuvent être observés. Pour cela, nous avons conçu une expérience au cours de laquelle les sujets reportaient la satisfaction procurée par deux biens usuels testés en laboratoire, puis en donnaient une évaluation monétaire. Dans un premier traitement, les sujets étaient « isolés », alors que dans un deuxième traitement, une information sur le choix effectué par d’autres sujets leur était fournie juste avant les évaluations monétaires des biens. Nos résultats montrent que les sujets sont sensibles au choix des autres de manière asymétrique. Lorsque les sujets rapportent une plus grande satisfaction pour le bien également choisi par les autres, cette information n’affecte pas la valorisation monétaire des biens. En revanche, les sujets ayant des goûts différents de ceux des autres ont tendance à réduire la différence de valorisation entre le bien préféré et l’autre.
La fonction des médiations matérielles dans l’acte baptismal
Authors: Casteigt Julie 
Published: June 2017

L’exégèse albertienne des versets Jn 1, 19-28 pose le problème philosophique et théologique de la fonction des médiations matérielles dans l’acte baptismal. Le commentaire albertien de l’Évangile de Jean permet de comparer le traitement de cette question dans l’œuvre exégétique d’Albert le Grand et dans ses traités de théologie sacramentaire. Dans le Super Iohannem , Albert le Grand insiste sur la différence entre le baptême d’eau conféré par Jean-Baptiste et le baptême de grâce institué par la passion et par la mort du Christ : à la matière (l’eau) et à l’acte rituel de Jean manque la forme, à savoir la formule trinitaire sanctificatrice, selon le Commentaire du quatrième livre des Sentences qui souligne, pour sa part, davantage l’interdépendance des éléments constitutifs du sacrement baptismal et la continuité entre certains traits du récit évangélique et leur accomplissement dans le baptême instauré par le Christ. Il importe à Albert le Grand de rappeler que le baptême donné par Jean est un signe qui ne possède pas la vertu causale inhérente au sacrement baptismal. Le baptême de Jean annonce en figure le baptême instauré par le Christ dans lequel il s’accomplit. Le rapport entre les deux baptêmes se distingue ainsi de celui de la voix (de Jean-Baptiste), autre médiation matérielle, qui, en énonçant le Verbe, accomplit en acte son avènement sans le différer dans une réalisation future, à l’instar de l’énonciation prophétique.
Effect of pH Test-Strip Characteristics on Accuracy of Readings
Authors: Metheny Norma A. , Gunn Emily M. , Rubbelke Cynthia S. , Quillen Terrilynn Fox , Ezekiel Uthayashanker R. , Meert Kathleen L. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND
Little is known about characteristics of colorimetric pH test strips that are most likely to be associated with accurate interpretations in clinical situations.

OBJECTIVES
To compare the accuracy of 4 pH test strips with varying characteristics (ie, multiple vs single colorimetric squares per calibration, and differing calibration units [1.0 vs 0.5]).

METHODS
A convenience sample of 100 upper-level nursing students with normal color vision was recruited to evaluate the accuracy of the test strips. Six buffer solutions (pH range, 3.0 to 6.0) were used during the testing procedure. Each of the 100 participants performed 20 pH tests in random order, providing a total of 2000 readings. The sensitivity and specificity of each test strip was computed. In addition, the degree to which the test strips under- or overestimated the pH values was analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS
Our criterion for correct readings was an exact match with the pH buffer solution being evaluated. Although none of the test strips evaluated in our study was 100% accurate at all of the measured pH values, those with multiple squares per pH calibration were clearly superior overall to those with a single test square.

CONCLUSIONS
Test strips with multiple squares per calibration were associated with greater overall accuracy than test strips with a single square per calibration. However, because variable degrees of error were observed in all of the test strips, use of a pH meter is recommended when precise readings are crucial.
Nurse-Directed Blood Glucose Management in a Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Compton Friederike , Ahlborn Robert , Weidehoff Torsten 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND
Insulin-delivery algorithms for achieving glycemic control in the intensive care unit require frequent checks of blood glucose level and thus increase nursing workload. Hypoglycemia is a serious complication associated with intensive insulin therapy.

OBJECTIVES
To evaluate a nurse-directed protocol for blood glucose management that allows individualized insulin delivery within a predefined blood glucose corridor, intended to avoid hypoglycemia while maintaining adequate control of blood glucose level without increasing nursing workload.

METHODS
A nurse-directed protocol for blood glucose management was developed by an interprofessional team, and the protocol’s performance was investigated in 175 patients compared with 384 historical controls.

RESULTS
With the nurse-directed protocol, hypoglycemia incidents declined significantly (31% vs 12%, P &lt; .001), and minimum blood glucose levels increased significantly (80 mg/dL vs 93 mg/dL, P &lt; .001). Mean and maximum blood glucose levels, the proportion of glucose readings within the target range (31% vs 26%, P = .06), and the number of blood glucose checks (59 vs 58, P = .85) remained unchanged with use of the protocol.

CONCLUSION
Implementation of the nurse-directed protocol for blood glucose management did not increase nursing workload but reduced hypoglycemia incidents significantly while maintaining adequate glycemic control.
Heme Oxygenase-1 Modulates Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus Replication and Lung Pathogenesis during Infection
Authors: Espinoza Janyra A. , León Miguel A. , Céspedes Pablo F. , Gómez Roberto S. , Canedo-Marroquín Gisela , Riquelme Sebastían A. , Salazar-Echegarai Francisco J. , Blancou Phillipe , Simon Thomas , Anegon Ignacio , Lay Margarita K. , González Pablo A. , Riedel Claudia A. , Bueno Susan M. , Kalergis Alexis M. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the leading cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children. The development of novel prophylactic and therapeutic antiviral drugs against hRSV is imperative to control the burden of disease in the susceptible population. In this study, we examined the effects of inducing the activity of the host enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) on hRSV replication and pathogenesis on lung inflammation induced by this virus. Our results show that after hRSV infection, HO-1 induction with metalloporphyrin cobalt protoporphyrin IX significantly reduces the loss of body weight due to hRSV-induced disease. Further, HO-1 induction also decreased viral replication and lung inflammation, as evidenced by a reduced neutrophil infiltration into the airways, with diminished cytokine and chemokine production and reduced T cell function. Concomitantly, upon cobalt protoporphyrin IX treatment, there is a significant upregulation in the production of IFN-α/β mRNAs in the lungs. Furthermore, similar antiviral and protective effects occur by inducing the expression of human HO-1 in MHC class II+ cells in transgenic mice. Finally, in vitro data suggest that HO-1 induction can modulate the susceptibility of cells, especially the airway epithelial cells, to hRSV infection.
Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Expanded Clones of Islet Antigen-Reactive CD4+ T Cells in Peripheral Blood of Subjects with Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Cerosaletti Karen , Barahmand-pour-Whitman Fariba , Yang Junbao , DeBerg Hannah A. , Dufort Matthew J. , Murray Sara A. , Israelsson Elisabeth , Speake Cate , Gersuk Vivian H. , Eddy James A. , Reijonen Helena , Greenbaum Carla J. , Kwok William W. , Wambre Erik , Prlic Martin , Gottardo Raphael , Nepom Gerald T. , Linsley Peter S. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The significance of islet Ag-reactive T cells found in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects is unclear, partly because similar cells are also found in healthy control (HC) subjects. We hypothesized that key disease-associated cells would show evidence of prior Ag exposure, inferred from expanded TCR clonotypes, and essential phenotypic properties in their transcriptomes. To test this, we developed single-cell RNA sequencing procedures for identifying TCR clonotypes and transcript phenotypes in individual T cells. We applied these procedures to analysis of islet Ag-reactive CD4+ memory T cells from the blood of T1D and HC individuals after activation with pooled immunodominant islet peptides. We found extensive TCR clonotype sharing in Ag-activated cells, especially from individual T1D subjects, consistent with in vivo T cell expansion during disease progression. The expanded clonotype from one T1D subject was detected at repeat visits spanning &gt;15 mo, demonstrating clonotype stability. Notably, we found no clonotype sharing between subjects, indicating a predominance of “private” TCR specificities. Expanded clones from two T1D subjects recognized distinct IGRP peptides, implicating this molecule as a trigger for CD4+ T cell expansion. Although overall transcript profiles of cells from HC and T1D subjects were similar, profiles from the most expanded clones were distinctive. Our findings demonstrate that islet Ag-reactive CD4+ memory T cells with unique Ag specificities and phenotypes are expanded during disease progression and can be detected by single-cell analysis of peripheral blood.