bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sex differences in autonomic functions and cognitive performance during cold-air exposure and cold-water partial immersion
Authors: Kong Youngsun , Hossain Md Billal , McNaboe Riley , Posada-Quintero Hugo F. , Daley Matthew , Diaz Krystina , Chon Ki H. , Bolkhovsky Jeffrey 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThis study investigated the differences between males and females in autonomic functions and cognitive performance during cold-air exposure and cold-water partial-immersion compared to a room temperature-air environment. Although several studies have investigated the effects of cold-air or cold-water exposures on autonomic function and cognitive performance, biological sex differences are often under-researched.MethodsTwenty-two males and nineteen females participated in the current study. Subjects completed a battery of cognitive tasks based upon those used within the Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA), consisting of five subtasks that assess simple and procedural reaction time, spatial manipulation, attention, and immediate memory. In total, subjects took the battery within a 15-minute period across 30-minute intervals throughout the duration of environmental exposure. Across three separate days, subjects were exposed to three different environmental conditions: room temperature air (23°C), cold air (10°C), and cold water (15°C; in which subjects were immersed up to their necks). Room temperature and cold-air conditions consisted of five sessions (about 2.5 h), and the cold-water condition consisted of three sessions (about 1.5 h). During each experimental condition, physiological data were collected to assess autonomic function, including electrodermal activity (EDA) data and heart rate variability (HRV) derived from electrocardiogram signals.ResultsFemales showed slower reaction time in spatial manipulation tasks, immediate memory, and attention during cold-air exposures compared to room temperature air, whereas the performance of males were similar or better during cold-air exposures compared to room temperature air. Cold-water immersion affected the immediate memory performance of males. Both males and females exhibited smaller EDA amplitudes during cold-air and cold-water conditions compared to room temperature air. For HRV, only male subjects exhibited significantly greater values in low-frequency and very-low-frequency components during cold air exposure compared to the normal condition.DiscussionSex introduces important differences in cognitive performance and autonomic functions during exposure to cold-air and cold-water. Therefore, sex should be considered when assessing the autonomic nervous system in cold environments and when establishing optimal thermal clothing for performance in operational environments. Our findings can assist with determination of operational clothing, temperature in operating environment, and personnel deployment to operational sites, particularly in settings involving both males and females.
Psychological autopsies: religious and spiritual factors for suicide in cases and controls
Authors: Ali Syeda Ayat-e-Zainab , Saleem Tamkeen 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIn recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence supporting the notion that spirituality and religion can improve one’s physical and mental health. Studies show that religion and spirituality play a significant role in the suicidal path. Considering the dearth of data on the patterns of suicidal thoughts, acts and related factors in Pakistan, a country with a large Muslim population and stigma with sociocultural perceptions of religious notions, the current study investigated the role of religious and spiritual factors of suicide using psychological autopsies.MethodPurposive sampling was used to gather retrospective data records from police stations and hospital forensic departments in Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan, between January 2021 and July 2022. In total, 60 samples (30 cases and 30 controls) were used in this autopsies investigation. As with the majority of case control studies, the study sample cases were matched with the controls. At least two close bereaved family members served as the primary information sources, and data was gathered using the Semi Structured Interview Protocol for Psychological Autopsies.ResultsAccording to statistical analysis, both the suicide cases and the controls were comprised mostly of Muslim individuals. They follow Islam and hold the view that suicide is prohibited, forbidden, and haram in Islam. Regarding spirituality and religion, the majority of cases, according to the respondents interviewed, were not spiritual at all, while the controls are slightly spiritual. While the majority of both cases and controls had reduced interest in or practice of religious activities over the past year, a higher number of cases rarely performed and attended the religious services/activities as compared to controls.DiscussionIt was thus evident that the cases lacked significant engagement in spiritual and religious activities, and their attendance at such gatherings had notably decreased in the year preceding the suicide attempt. This decline in involvement in spiritual and religious practices might be linked to decreased levels of satisfaction, sense of belongingness, which could raise the risk of suicide. Therefore, in nations where Muslims predominate, culturally relevant suicide prevention initiatives including spiritual and religious treatments aimed at reducing the risk of suicide should be considered.
The interaction effects between depression and sleep status on asthma: a national cross-sectional study
Authors: Lai Yuxin , Zhang Xiaomei , Dong Huan , Li Mengqian 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAsthma, depression, and sleep problems are three significant public health issues that are closely interrelated. This study aims to explore the relationship between depression, sleep status and asthma, as well as the potential interaction among these conditions and their effects on asthma.MethodThis cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2005-2008 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey, including information on asthma, depression, sleep status and confounding factors. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the relationship between depression, sleep status, and asthma. Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the p-interaction between depression and each stratified variable. Additionally, both multiplicative and additive approaches were employed to assess the interaction between depression and sleep status on asthma, as well as to quantify their combined effects.ResultsA total of 8,327 participants (mean age 46.53 years) were included in this study. Compared to the individuals without depression, those with depression have an increased risk of asthma [Odds ratio (OR) = 1.57, 95% Confidence interval (CI) = 1.22-2.03], and an increase in the severity of depressive symptoms is associated with a higher risk of developing asthma. Additionally, poor sleep quality, sleep disorders, and insufficient sleep was associated with an increased risk of asthma. Effect modification was observed between depression and PIR status, smoking status, and sleep disorders in relation to asthma (p-interaction &lt;0.05). Moreover, we found a positive interaction between severe depression and excessive sleep (OR = 29.07, 95% CI = 3.24-260.38). Furthermore, we observed the quantitative additive interaction indicators between moderately severe depression and insufficient sleep [Relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) = 1.63, 95%CI = 0.18-3.83; Attributable proportion (AP) = 0.51, 95%CI = 0.15-0.87; Synergy index (SI) = 3.92, 95%CI = 1.65-23.50] influencing asthma risk.ConclusionOur study revealed distinct associations between depression, the severity of depressive symptoms, poor sleep quality, sleep disorders, and insufficient sleep with asthma. Additionally, there was an interaction between moderately severe depression and insufficient sleep on asthma. Psychological and sleep assessment are essential in asthma management. Clinicians should consider the potential risk of depression and sleep problems in asthma patients and intervene. Further longitudinal research is needed to better understand the pathophysiological mechanisms behind the interactions between asthma, depression, and sleep problems.
Experiences and life circumstances of unintentionally pregnant women affected by intimate partner violence—stress factors, resources, healthcare structures and needs: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Winter Kristina , Niemann Jana , Jepsen Dennis , Brzank Petra J. 
Published: October 2024

This scoping review outlines the current understanding, challenges, available resources, and healthcare needs of women affected by intimate partner violence (IPV) who experience unintended pregnancy (UP). UPs are defined as unwanted, unplanned, or mistimed pregnancies. The impact of UP is multifaceted and carries several additional risks, particularly for women who experience IPV. The experiences and living conditions, including (mental) burdens, resources, care structures, and the needs of unintentionally pregnant women who have experienced IPV, remain mostly unexplored. The review will include the following criteria: (i) reproductive-aged women who have experienced IPV and UP; (ii) publications that provide detailed accounts of the experiences, circumstances, and/or needs of women with UP who have experienced IPV. This study will utilize the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and follow the PRISMA Protocol for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). A total of 2,325 papers and gray literature published from 2000 to the present were identified. 1,539 literature items were included in the title and abstract screening. Two researchers will independently choose studies, perform data extraction, and perform data synthesis. Quantitative data will be narratively summarized and qualitative data will be analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings will identify research gaps and provide insights into an important topic of reproductive healthcare and the (mental) health situation of a particularly vulnerable group. This will be useful in defining indications for researchers, professionals, and policymakers in public, mental, and reproductive health to conceptualize interdisciplinary and empirical healthcare support for affected women.Systematic review registrationOpen Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/ZMVPE.
Sex-specific socioeconomic risk factors for spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage—a case–control study during the 5 years before ictus
Authors: Ronne-Engström Elisabeth , Friberg Emilie 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThere is a difference in the incidence of spontaneous subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) between sexes, with the majority of cases occurring in female patients. Although this phenomenon has been studied from a medical perspective, the reasons for the predominance of female cases are still unclear. Non-medical factors, such as a patient’s socioeconomic situation, can differ between female and male patients, with health implications. The aim of the study was to identify socioeconomic profiles for both sexes that may be vulnerable to developing SAH. This information could potentially be used for active preventive health efforts.MethodsThis study was based on a 7-year consecutive cohort of 890 patients with SAH treated at Uppsala University Hospital, along with a sex- and age-matched 5:1 control group from Statistics Sweden. The collected information included demographic data, income that was analyzed through “earnings” (EAs), which is defined as the sum of income and other economic compensations related to work, and “disposable income” (DI), which is the net amount that an individual can use. Pension and sickness-related absence from work were measured using early pension (EP), old age pension (OAP), sickness absence (SA), and disability pension (DP). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used.ResultsAmong the women, the socioeconomic risk profile for SAH included lower education, unemployment, being registered as living single, residing in a sparsely populated municipality, and increased age. For the men, the risk profile included residing in a sparsely populated municipality and changes in civil status. Both women and men with SAH had lower EAs and DI compared to the controls. Notably, a significantly higher proportion of the women with SAH received DP compared to the controls.ConclusionResiding in a sparsely populated area was associated with an increased risk for SAH for both women and men. The women with SAH were more economically vulnerable, whereas the men faced a different type of vulnerability related to changes in civil status. We suggest that healthcare organizations use this information to identify individuals at risk and actively implement preventive measures according to stroke guidelines for both groups.
Were there any missing mediators between visual impairment and anxiety symptoms? Results from Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey
Authors: Yao Wen , Cao Yuan , Tian Yuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Hua Xin , Chen Fang 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionVisual impairment, encompassing low visual acuity and visual field loss, significantly impacts the older adult population worldwide, leading to increased disability and mortality risks. Recent studies suggest a strong association between visual impairment and anxiety, particularly among older adults. This study aims to explore the relationship between visual impairment and anxiety symptoms in older adult individuals in China, and to investigate potential mediating factors.MethodsData for this study were derived from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS), including 11,702 participants aged 65 and older. Visual impairment was assessed through self-reported visual function, while anxiety symptoms were measured using the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7). Additional assessments included sleep quality and duration, exercise status, and dietary diversity. Logistic regression models and mediation analysis were employed to explore associations and mediating effects.ResultsThe findings indicate that visual impairment is significantly associated with increased anxiety symptoms among the older adult (OR = 1.51, 95% CI: 1.32–1.72, p &lt; 0.001). Mediation analysis revealed that sleep quality, dietary diversity score (DDS), and plant-based DDS significantly mediated the relationship between visual impairment and anxiety. In contrast, sleep duration, exercise, and animal-based DDS did not show significant mediating effects.ConclusionVisual impairment is a crucial predictor of anxiety symptoms in the older adult. Improving sleep quality and promoting a diverse plant-based diet may mitigate anxiety symptoms in this population. Interventions targeting these areas could enhance the mental health and quality of life of older adult individuals with visual impairment.
Trends in Healthy Life Years Between 2005 and 2019 in 31 European Countries: The Compression or Expansion of Morbidity?
Authors: Straka Jakub , Šídlo Luděk , Kulhánová Ivana 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesOur objective was to assess morbidity trends in Europe and to classify European countries based on population ageing theories: the compression, expansion and dynamic equilibrium of morbidity.MethodsThe proportions of healthy life years were calculated for 31 European countries for the period 2005–2019 based on life expectancy values and healthy life years at age 65 years adopted from the Eurostat database. European countries were classified according to morbidity patterns applying the standard deviation distance from the average of relative change method between the selected years.ResultsA large degree of variation in terms of life expectancy and healthy life years at age 65 years was determined between 2005 and 2019. While the life expectancy differences between men and women were consistent across all the European countries, the gender gap concerning healthy life years was more diverse. Approximately one-third of the countries fell into the expansion, compression and dynamic equilibrium categories, respectively.ConclusionSignificant variations were identified in healthy life year trends across European countries, which underscores the need for preventive strategies.
The Orthogonal Riesz Fractional Derivative
Authors: Bouzeffour Fethi 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to extend the concept of the orthogonal derivative to provide a new integral representation of the fractional Riesz derivative. Specifically, we investigate the orthogonal derivative associated with Gegenbauer polynomials Cn(ν)(x), where ν>−12. Building on the work of Diekema and Koornwinder, the n-th derivative is obtained as the limit of an integral involving Gegenbauer polynomials as the kernel. When this limit is omitted, it results in the approximate Gegenbauer orthogonal derivative, which serves as an effective approximation of the n-th order derivative. Using this operator, we introduce a novel extension of the fractional Riesz derivative, denoted as Dαx, providing an alternative framework for fractional calculus.
Microalgae Enhance the Resistance of Pond-Dwelling Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria to Light Irradiation
Authors: Lu Shimin , Li Yayuan , Yuan Zehui , Liu Xingguo , Che Xuan , Cheng Guofeng , Gu Zhaojun , Wu Fan 
Published: October 2024

Pond aquaculture is an important aquacultural model worldwide in which ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) are crucial for the removal of ammonia from water. The influence of light irradiation on AOB in an aquaculture pond was studied using artificial simulation wastewater under dark/light cycles of 24 h/0 h (L0), 12 h/12 h (L12), and 0 h/24 h (L24). The ammonia oxidation rates (AORs) in groups L0, L12, and L24 were 9.88 ± 0.19 mg h−1, 6.01 ± 0.32 mg h−1, and 1.85 ± 0.09 mg h−1, respectively. Long-term exposure to light had a serious impact on the AOR and decreased the abundance of Nitrosomonas spp. and their ammonia monooxygenase genes. To determine the protective effect of microalgae on AOB, different doses of freeze-dried Chlorella spp. powder were added to the nitrifying bacteria community. The photoinhibition rate of chlorophyll a (Chla) in the groups with 300 and 1300 µg L−1 of added Chlorella were 32.85% and 28.77%, respectively, while the Chla in the 2200 µg L−1 Chlorella-added group was only 0.01%, with no significant differences (p > 0.05) in AOR between the dark/light treatment subgroups. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that AOB, nitrite-oxidizing bacteria, and algae coexist and grow together without free AOB in the nitrifying bacterial community. It was suggested that microalgae enhance the resistance of AOB to light irradiation in a pond through the shading effect provided by algal chlorophyll and the close symbiotic relationship between microalgae and AOB.
Современные аспекты функционирования института общественного контроля как механизма диалога между обществом и властными структурами
Authors: Свирина Л.Н. 
Published: October 2024

В статье раскрывается теоретическое осмысление целевой направленности, значимости, действенности функционирующего в России института общественного контроля, представляющего собой одну из сфер системы контролирующих функций государственного управления. Проводится анализ различных подходов ученых и экспертов к научной интерпретации сущностного определения общественного контроля в сравнении с законодательно закрепленным. На основании определенных автором проблемных моментов при оценке деятельности института общественного контроля и его главного субъекта Общественной палаты РФ и с учетом нарастающей потребности гражданского общества участвовать в социально-экономической и политической жизни государства предлагаются основные направления их совершенствования.
The article reveals a theoretical understanding of the target orientation, significance, and effectiveness of the institution of public control functioning in Russia, which represents one of the spheres of the system of control functions of public administration. An analysis is carried out of the various approaches of scientists and experts to the scientific interpretation of the essential definition of public control in comparison with the legally established one. Based on certain problematic issues when assessing the activities of the institution of public control and its main subject, the Public Chamber of the Russian Federation, and taking into account the growing need of civil society to participate in the socio-economic and political life of the state, the main directions for its improvement are proposed.
Маркетинговые стратагемы функционирования высокотехнологичных компаний
Authors: Левина Е.В. 
Published: October 2024

Цель статьи. Исследование ориентировано на мониторинг, анализ и оценку маркетинговых стратагем развития ресурсной базы высокотехнологичных компаний с целью повышения их эффективности и устойчивости положения на рынке. Материалы и методы. В процессе проведения исследования автором был использован широкий спектр методов, приемов и подходов: анализ, синтез, обобщение, классификация, структуризация, систематизация для изучения теоретико-методологической базы, основанной на трудах отечественных и зарубежных ученых, необходимой для разработки маркетинговой стратегии, дискурсивный анализ нормативно-правовой документации, регулирующей развитие высокотехнологичных компаний промышленного сектора, вторичный анализ открытых данных, представленных на основе проведенных ранее исследованиях. Результаты. В предложенной статье отражены и сгруппированы стратегические альтернативы управления корпоративными ресурсами современных организаций на основе маркетинга. Применение. Полученные результаты могут быть полезны как для экономистов-практиков, маркетологов, управленцев, так и для дальнейших научных изысканий.
The purpose of the article. The research is focused on monitoring, analyzing and evaluating marketing strategies for the development of the resource base of high-tech companies in order to increase their efficiency and stability of their market position. Materials and methods. In the course of the research, the author used a wide range of methods, techniques and approaches: analysis, synthesis, generalization, classification, structuring, systematization to study the theoretical and methodological base based on the works of domestic and foreign scientists necessary for the development of a marketing strategy, discursive analysis of regulatory documentation regulating the development of high-tech companies in the industrial sector, a secondary analysis of open data presented based on previous research. Results. The proposed article reflects and groups strategic alternatives to the management of corporate resources of modern organizations based on marketing. Application. The results obtained can be useful both for practical economists, marketers, managers, and for further scientific research.