bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of joint modeling and landmarking for dynamic prediction under an illness‐death model
Authors: Suresh Krithika , Taylor Jeremy M.G. , Spratt Daniel E. , Daignault Stephanie , Tsodikov Alexander 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDynamic prediction incorporates time‐dependent marker information accrued during follow‐up to improve personalized survival prediction probabilities. At any follow‐up, or “landmark”, time, the residual time distribution for an individual, conditional on their updated marker values, can be used to produce a dynamic prediction. To satisfy a consistency condition that links dynamic predictions at different time points, the residual time distribution must follow from a prediction function that models the joint distribution of the marker process and time to failure, such as a joint model. To circumvent the assumptions and computational burden associated with a joint model, approximate methods for dynamic prediction have been proposed. One such method is landmarking, which fits a Cox model at a sequence of landmark times, and thus is not a comprehensive probability model of the marker process and the event time. Considering an illness‐death model, we derive the residual time distribution and demonstrate that the structure of the Cox model baseline hazard and covariate effects under the landmarking approach do not have simple form. We suggest some extensions of the landmark Cox model that should provide a better approximation. We compare the performance of the landmark models with joint models using simulation studies and cognitive aging data from the PAQUID study. We examine the predicted probabilities produced under both methods using data from a prostate cancer study, where metastatic clinical failure is a time‐dependent covariate for predicting death following radiation therapy.
Children's reasoning about peer and school segregation in a diverse society
Authors: Tenenbaum Harriet R. , Leman Patrick , Aznar Ana 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study examined children's reasoning about gender‐ and religion‐based exclusion in the context of single‐gender and single‐faith schools and play contexts. Young people (twenty‐three 8‐ to 10‐year‐olds and fifty‐three 12‐ to 14‐year‐olds) were asked to judge and reason about the acceptability of exclusion based on gender and religion by children and school principals. Participants rated exclusion based on gender as more acceptable than exclusion based on religion. Exclusion from school contexts was rated as more acceptable than exclusion from play contexts. Participants tended to invoke moral reasons to condemn exclusion when reasoning about religion, whereas they tended to invoke social conventional reasons when reasoning about gender. Young people's greater support for religiously inclusive schooling compared to gender inclusive schooling suggests that societal and governmental acceptance of religious diversity has support from future generations.
Reversed single string technique for coronary bifurcation stenting—First report of case demonstrations in vitro
Authors: Adjedj Julien , Toth Gabor G. , Pellicano Mariano , Wijns William 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThis work reports the concept and the practical feasibility of Reversed Single String bifurcation stenting technique by demonstrating three in vitro cases.BackgroundProvisional T stenting is the most used interventional technique to treat coronary bifurcation lesions. However, after main branch (MB) stenting, treatment of the side branch (SB) may become indicated to provide a good final result. Currently applied methods all have their structural limitations with respect to wall coverage, multiple strut layers, poor apposition rate. We reasoned that reversing the Single String technique principle could be used as a bail out after inadequate provisional T stenting.Methods and resultsWe simulated in three silicone bifurcation phantoms a scenario whereby stenting the SB becomes indicated after provisional T stenting. Thereafter, as first step of Reversed Single String, a stent was deployed into the SB ostium with one single protruding stent‐cell into the MB. After wiring that stent‐cell and positioning MB balloon across it, final kissing balloon dilation was performed. Results of the in vitro Reversed Single String cases were evaluated by X‐ray angiography, optical frequency domain imaging, and 3‐Dimensional (3D) reconstruction (OFDI). Each case was successfully performed and completed. In the bifurcation area, perfect apposition was documented in over 81% of the struts. Malapposition remained below 4% of struts in each case. 3D OFDI reconstruction did not reveal any strut fracture.ConclusionThis report suggests that Reversed Single String technique might offer a potential bail out solution for provisional T‐stenting cases, when treatment of the SB becomes indicated. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Balloon venoplasty opens the road for an implantable defibrillator patient with complex stenosis
Authors: Magnusson Peter , Kastberg Robert 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageThere is an increasing need for physicians to handle venous obstructions in pacemaker/implantable cardioverter‐defibrillator implants. Venoplasty performed by an experienced operator is a simple, safe, and fast way to manage this situation and proceed to implant. Compared to other approaches, this strategy may offer particular advantages.
Ancient schwannoma of the cervical sympathetic chain
Authors: Bowles Philippe F. , Cheong Ryan Chin Taw , Cartwright Samuel , Pelser Andrew 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageAncient schwannomas exhibit characteristic histological features. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is of limited use. Radiological evidence demonstrating displacement of blood vessels may aid diagnosis of schwannoma. Malignant transformation of ancient schwannoma has been reported. Surgical excision carries a high risk of postoperative Horner's syndrome.
Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
Authors: Koratala Abhilash , Bhatti Vikrampal 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessageNephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) is a fibrosing disorder seen in patients with renal dysfunction, commonly precipitated by administration of gadolinium contrast. There is no consistently successful treatment, but oral steroids, topical dovonex, extracorporeal photopheresis, and plasmapheresis have been tried [http://www.icnfdr.org/ Last accessed: 1/6/2017]. Avoidance of gadolinium in such patients is the key to prevention.
Utility of real‐time three‐dimensional echocardiography in improved assessment of a mitral valve papillary fibroelastoma
Authors: Suresh Rahul , Boor Paul J. , Al‐Dossari Ghannam A. , Abu‐Sharifeh Tareq , Venkatachalam Sridhar , Berbarie Rafic F. 
Published: May 2017

Key Clinical MessagePrimary cardiac tumors are exceedingly rare. They are usually first identified by transthoracic echocardiography. However, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), with the aid of real‐time three‐dimensional (3D) imaging, can provide additional important mass characteristics. We present a case that demonstrates the usefulness of 3D TEE in characterizing a papillary fibroelastoma.
Performance Improvement of a Sequencing Batch Reactor for Treating Tannery Wastewaters
Authors: Balaguer-Arnandis Esther , Cuartas-Uribe Beatriz , Bes-Piá M. Amparo , Mendoza-Roca Jose Antonio , Galiana-Aleixandre M. Vicenta 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTannery wastewater has a high environmental impact due to its low biodegradability. Sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) are an established method for treating highly polluted wastewater. To minimize the hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the SBRs, various HRT values were tested and the best value was chosen according to the removal efficiency of the soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD). A series of experiments was then carried out with two cationic polyelectrolytes added to the system in two different modes to improve the effluent quality. Both modes were evaluated in terms of the soluble COD, suspended solid concentration, and turbidity of the final effluent. The results showed that reducing the HRT to two days did not diminish the COD removal efficiencies.
Determination of the Effects of Carboxylic Acids on Calcium Sulfate Dihydrate Crystallization
Authors: Polat Sevgi , Sayan Perviz 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCalcium sulfate dihydrate crystallization was carried out using a mixed‐suspension mixed‐product removal (MSMPR)‐type crystallizer in pure media and in the presence of three different types of carboxylic acid: propionic acid, oxalic acid, and propane‐1,2,3‐tricarboxylic acid. The crystal size distributions and filtration rates of the calcium sulfate dihydrate crystals were measured, and the crystals obtained were analyzed using a thermogravimetric analyzer coupled with a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and mass spectrometer (TGA‐FTIR‐MS). The average particle size, length‐to‐width ratio of the crystals, and the filtration rate of calcium sulfate dihydrate crystals were decreased in the presence of all three carboxylic acids when compared to the pure media. TGA‐FTIR‐MS indicated that all carboxylic acids adsorbed onto the calcium sulfate dihydrate crystals.
Control of Continuous Mixed‐Solution Mixed‐Product Removal Crystallization Processes
Authors: Geyyer Rostyslav , Dürr Robert , Temmel Erik , Li Tao , Lorenz Heike , Palis Stefan , Seidel-Morgenstern Andreas , Kienle Achim 
Published: May 2017

AbstractContinuous mixed‐solution mixed‐product removal (MSMPR) crystallization is considered. This process has been studied well, however, different aspects, in particular, process modeling, monitoring, and control remain challenging. An innovative approach for online measurement of the crystal size distribution is presented. Furthermore, unscented Kalman filtering is applied to overcome biased concentration measurement. Finally, a discrepancy‐based control is applied to continuous MSMPR crystallization and its closed‐loop performance is evaluated.
Impedance Spectroscopy of Spin‐Cast and Electrochemically Deposited PEDOT:PSS Films on Microfabricated Electrodes with Various Areas
Authors: Koutsouras Dimitrios A. , Gkoupidenis Paschalis , Stolz Clemens , Subramanian Vivek , Malliaras George G. , Martin David C. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe have examined the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) of PEDOT:PSS‐coated gold electrodes in various electrolytes as a function of temporal frequency (from 0.1 to 104 Hz) by using a custom‐designed microfabricated substrate. The electrode areas were systematically varied over a broad range in nominal size from 10×10 μm (100 μm2) to 500×500 μm (2.5×105 μm2). Comparisons were made between spin‐cast PEDOT:PSS crosslinked with GOPS and electrochemically deposited PEDOT:PSS films with similar thicknesses. The impedance spectra of the PEDOT:PSS‐coated electrodes with various sizes could all be reasonably well described by a two‐element equivalent circuit model with a solution resistance Rs and a film capacitance C. These two parameters together define a characteristic temporal frequency fc=1/(2πRsC). By normalizing the impedance with respect to Rs (Zn=|Z|/Rs) and the frequency with respect to fc (fn=f/fc), we found that all of the experimental Bode curves could be collapsed onto a single master plot of Zn vs. fn. In addition, analytical formulas that allow the estimation of the film impedance magnitude |Z| and phase ϕ were derived and experimentally validated. These results are of fundamental interest and are also anticipated to be important for the design, characterization, and optimization of conjugated polymer films for interfacing biomedical devices with living tissue.
Progress of the Electrochemiluminescence Biosensing Strategy for Clinical Diagnosis with Luminol as the Sensing Probe
Authors: Fang Chen , Li Huiling , Yan Jilin , Guo Heming , Yifeng Tu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractElectrochemiluminescence (electrogenerated chemiluminescence, ECL), which involves light emission from excited states of electrochemically generated species at the electrode surface, is widely applied for chemical analysis. Integrating the advantages of outstanding selectivity from biological recognition and the high sensitivity of ECL signaling, ECL biosensors are powerful for ultrasensitive bio‐checkups and quantification, in which luminol is adopted as an important luminophore. Nanomaterials have been introduced into ECL biosensors, which enlarge the applicable pH range and improve analytical performances, with successful applications in clinical events. In particular, this Minireview will focus on new progresses related to luminol‐based biosensors and their applications in clinical diagnosis, with emphasis on nanomaterials being employed as the improver.
Supramolecular Assembly Mediated by Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution and Its Application in Their Analysis
Authors: Zhang Jing , Tang Qing , Gao Zhong‐Zheng , Qiu Sheng‐Chao , Huang Ying , Tao Zhu 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA water‐soluble fluorescent sensor based on the interaction of twisted cucurbit[14]uril (tQ[14]) and thiazole orange (TO) in aqueous solution was developed. Formation of the tQ[14]/TO complex gives rise to stronger fluorescence in both neutral and acidic aqueous solutions compared with that of free TO. Further experiments on the interaction of the tQ[14]/TO complex with metal ions revealed that, from a series of nineteen selected common metal ions, 1) only Hg2+ can lead to fluorescence enhancement and then quenching of the tQ[14]/TO (2:1) complex in neutral aqueous solution; 2) only Ba2+ can induce fluorescence quenching of the tQ[14]/TO (2:1) complex in aqueous HCl solution (pH 2); furthermore, the tQ[14]/TO/Ba2+ systems exhibit reversible changes in fluorescent intensity on successively adding SO42− and Ba2+; and 3) only Ba2+ or Pb2+ can induce fluorescence quenching of the tQ[14]/TO (15:1) complex in aqueous HCl solution (pH 2). Thus, the tQ[14]/TO complex can act as a supramolecular fluorescence‐based sensor for the determination of Hg2+, Ba2+, and Pb2+ ions.
Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Activity by Autologous Cd/CdO/CdS Heterojunction Photoanodes with High Conductivity and Separation Efficiency
Authors: Xie Shilei , Zhang Peng , Zhang Min , Liu Peng , Li Wei , Lu Xihong , Cheng Faliang , Tong Yexiang 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe development for hydrogen from solar energy has attracted great attention due to the global demand for clean, environmentally friendly energy. Herein, autologous Cd/CdO/CdS heterojunctions were prepared in a carefully controlled process with metallic Cd as the inner layer and CdO as the interlayer. Further research revealed that the transportation and separation of photogenerated pairs were enhanced due to low resistance of the Cd inner layer and the type II CdO/CdS heterojunction. As a result, the optimized Cd/CdO/CdS heterojunction photoanode showed outstanding and long‐term photoelectrochemical activity for water splitting, with a current density of 3.52 mA cm−2, or a benchmark specific hydrogen production rate of 1.65 μmol cm−2 min−1 at −0.3 V versus Ag/AgCl, by using the environmental pollutants of sulfide and sulfite as sacrificial agents.
Evaluation of the Medicinal Potential of Two Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complexes as One‐ and Two‐Photon Photodynamic Therapy Photosensitizers
Authors: Hess Jeannine , Huang Huaiyi , Kaiser Adrian , Pierroz Vanessa , Blacque Olivier , Chao Hui , Gasser Gilles 
Published: May 2017

AbstractTwo [Ru(phen)2dppz]2+ derivatives (phen=1,10‐phenantroline, dppz=dipyrido[3,2‐a:2′,3′‐c]phenazine) with different functional groups on the dppz ligand [dppz‐7,8‐(OMe)2 (1), dppz‐7,8‐(OH)2 (2)] have been synthesized, characterized and investigated as photosensitizers (PSs) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) against cancer. Both complexes showed intense red phosphorescence and promising singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yields of 75 % (1) and 54 % (2) in acetonitrile. Complex 1 (logPo/w=−0.52, 2.4 nmol Ru per mg protein) was found to be more lipophilic, having also a higher cellular uptake efficiency compared to 2 (logPo/w=−0.20, 0.9 nmol Ru per mg protein). Complex 1 localized evenly in HeLa cells whereas 2, was mainly visualized in the cell membrane by confocal microscopy. In the dark, complex 1 (IC50=36.5 μm) was found to be more toxic than complex 2 (IC50 >100 μm) on a HeLa cells monolayer. Importantly, in view of PDT applications, both complexes were found to be non‐toxic in the dark towards multicellular HeLa spheroids (IC50>100 μm). Upon one‐photon irradiation (420 nm, 9.27 J cm−2), 1 exhibited higher phototoxicity (IC50=3.1 μm) than 2 (IC50=16.7 μm) on HeLa cell monolayers. When two‐photon irradiation (800 nm, 9.90 J cm−2) was applied, only 1 (IC50=9.5 μm) was found to be active toward HeLa spheroids. This study demonstrates that the functional group on the intercalative ligand has a strong influence on the cellular localization and anticancer activity of RuII polypyridyl complexes.
Trapping CO2by Adduct Formation with Nitrogen Heterocyclic Carbenes (NHCs): A Theoretical Study
Authors: Alkorta Ibon , Montero‐Campillo M. Merced , Elguero José 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCarbon dioxide can form compounds with nitrogen heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) based on azoles through noncovalent interactions or by covalent bonding. A narrow dependence on the carbene structure has been observed for the preference for one or the other type of bonding, as revealed by a series of physicochemical descriptors. In our survey, a set of NHCs based on the azole family (three classical, three abnormal, and one remote) was shown to bind CO2at the accurate G4MP2 computational level. In most cases, exothermic reaction profiles towards the covalently bound form were found, which reached stabilization enthalpies of up to −77 kJ mol−1for the remote carbene case. Both noncovalent and covalent minima and the corresponding transition state that connects them have been identified as stationary points along the reaction coordinate.
CuI/Oxalic Diamide‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Thiols with Aryl Bromides and Chlorides
Authors: Chen Chia‐Wei , Chen Yi‐Ling , Reddy Daggula Mallikarjuna , Du Kai , Li Chao‐En , Shih Bo‐Hao , Xue Yung‐Jing , Lee Chin‐Fa 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe report a general copper‐catalyzed cross‐coupling of thiols with aryl halides by using N‐aryl‐N′‐alkyl oxalic diamide (L3) or N,N′‐dialkyl oxalic diamide (L5) as the ligand. Both aryl and alkyl thiols can be coupled with unactivated aryl bromides and chlorides to give the desired products in good yields. Furthermore, this system features a broad substrate scope and good tolerance of functional groups. Importantly, the oxalic diamides are stable and can be prepared easily from commercially available and cheap starting materials.
Oxoborane (RBO) Complexation and Concomitant Electrophilic Bond Activation Processes
Authors: Swarnakar Anindya K. , Hering‐Junghans Christian , Ferguson Michael J. , McDonald Robert , Rivard Eric 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDonor–acceptor complexes of the oxoboranes ClB=O and HOB=O were synthesized and each feature short multiply bonded B=O linkages. The retention of high Lewis acidic character within these encapsulated monomeric oxoboranes was manifested by their ability to support C−F and Si−O bond activation/functionalization. The reported ClB=O complexes can be regarded as synthetic surrogates of the [BO]+ cation, an inorganic analogue of CO.
Diabetes mellitus is associated with increased acute kidney injury and 1‐year mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Mina George S. , Gill Priyanka , Soliman Demiana , Reddy Pratap , Dominic Paari 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with adverse outcomes after surgical aortic valve replacement. However, there are conflicting data on the impact of DM on outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).Hypothesis
DM is associated with poor outcomes after different cardiac procedures. Therefore, DM can also be associated with poor outcomes after TAVR.MethodsWe searched PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for studies that evaluated outcomes after TAVR and stratified at least 1 of the studied endpoints by DM status. The primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality at 1 year. Secondary endpoints were early (up to 30 days) mortality, acute kidney injury (AKI), cerebrovascular accident (CVA), major bleeding, and major vascular complications. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random effects models.ResultsWe included 64 studies with a total of 38 686 patients. DM was associated with significantly higher 1‐year mortality (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.04‐1.26, P = 0.008) and periprocedural AKI (OR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.08‐1.52, P = 0.004). On the other hand, there were no significant differences between diabetics and nondiabetics in early mortality, CVAs, major bleeding, or major vascular complications.Conclusions
DM is associated with increased 1‐year mortality and periprocedural AKI in patients undergoing TAVR. The results of this study suggest that DM is a predictor of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing TAVR.
Online virtual machine migration for renewable energy usage maximization in geographically distributed cloud data centers
Authors: Khosravi Atefeh , Nadjaran Toosi Adel , Buyya Rajkumar 
Published: May 2017

SummaryEnergy consumption and its associated costs represent a huge part of cloud providers' operational costs. In this study, we explore how much energy cost savings can be made knowing the future level of renewable energy (solar/wind) available in data centers. Since renewable energy sources have intermittent nature, we take advantage of migrating virtual machines to the nearby data centers with excess renewable energy. In particular, we first devise an optimal offline algorithm with full future knowledge of renewable level in the system. Since in practice, accessing long‐term and exact future knowledge of renewable energy level is not feasible, we propose two online deterministic algorithms, one with no future knowledge called deterministic and one with limited knowledge of the future renewable availability called future‐aware. We show that the deterministic and future‐aware algorithms are 1+1/sand 1+1/s−ω/s.Tmcompetitive in comparison to the optimal offline algorithm, respectively, wheresis the network to the brown energy cost,ωis the look‐ahead window‐size, andTmis the migration time. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithms is analyzed through extensive simulation studies using real‐world traces of meteorological data and Google cluster workload.
A crowdsourced “Who wants to be a millionaire?” player
Authors: Aydin Bahadir Ismail , Yilmaz Yavuz Selim , Demirbas Murat 
Published: May 2017

SummaryQuestion answering is a fundamental problem for artificial intelligence research. State‐of‐the‐art question answering systems, such as search engines, can answer well‐formed factual questions. However, they fail on nonfactual and natural language queries. On the other hand, crowdsourcing leverages human intelligence to present solutions for problems, which are hard for computers. In the process of crowdsourcing, aggregating the responses from the crowd is a big challenge of itself. This work presents a model that integrates artificial intelligence with crowdsourcing to answer difficult natural language multiple choice questions. We build a crowdsourced mobile gaming experience for “Who wants to be a millionaire?” TV quiz show to test our methods. We use lightweight artificial intelligence models in aggregating the crowd responses. Our methods are able to answer even the hardest questions with very high accuracy. The experiment results suggest that building a super player for “Who wants to be a millionaire?” is feasible using our models. This study shows that facilitating crowdsourcing with artificial intelligence is an important tool for answering questions, which trouble state‐of‐the‐art question answering systems.