bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of ocular artifact in EEG signals using VMD and Hurst exponent
Authors: Bisht Amandeep , Singh Preeti , Kaur Pardeep , Dalal Geeta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Electroencephalographic (EEG) readings are usually infected with unavoidable artifacts, especially physiological ones. One such physiological artifact is the ocular artifacts (OAs) that are generally related to eyes and are characterized by high magnitude and a specific spike pattern in the prefrontal region of the brain. During the long-duration EEG acquisition, the retrieval of important information becomes quite complicated in prefrontal regions as ocular artifacts dominate the EEG recorded, making it difficult to discern underlying brain activity.

Methods
With the progress and development in signal processing techniques, artifact handling has become a progressive field of investigation. This paper presents a framework for the detection and correction of ocular artifacts. This study emphasizes improving the quality and reducing the time complexity by using higher-order statistics (HOS) for artifact identification and variational mode decomposition (VMD) for OA correction.

Results
An overall SNR of 14 dB, MAE of 0.09, and PSNR of 33.59 dB has been attained by the proposed framework.

Conclusions
It was observed that the proposed HOS-VMD surpassed the state-of-the-art mode decomposition techniques.
Comparing the register of seventeenth-century Dutch business letters to private letters: formulaic language and French-origin items
Authors: van der Wal Marijke , Rutten Gijsbert J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, we examine, quantitatively and qualitatively, Dutch business letters written by merchants, focusing on formulaic phrases and French suffix borrowing. The letters are part of the Prize Papers, the collection of documents confiscated by the English during times of warfare. We compare these business letters to private letters from the same source, and address the question whether the business letters constitute a particular register. The business letters, written by upper and upper-middle ranked male merchants from the seventeenth century, appear to differ from private letters written by people with a similar social profile. Frequent formulae highly characteristic of seventeenth-century private letters occur to a much lesser extent, if at all, in the business letters. Other formulae, some including Romance origin items (Laus deo, saluut, cordiale), occur more frequently in the business letters. The frequency of verbs with the French-origin suffix -eren is found to be higher in the business letters than in the private letters. Functional explanations are presented for these register differences: formulaic language is correlated with writing experience, and the use of French-origin items may be connected to the common vocabulary used in international trading networks. Similarities in phrasing are also revealed in a qualitative analysis of examples of private and business letters by the same writer. This finding demonstrates how similar private and business letters often were, thus challenging the idea of distinct registers.
Dialect polishing and solidarity with ‘the others’: merchants as language creators in the 19th century
Authors: Nesse Agnete 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this article, the linguistic choices of a group of young merchants and merchants’ sons are discussed. Living in Bergen in the second half of the 19th century, they wrote Danish and spoke a dialect marked by centuries of dialect and language contact. Most of them had some competence in German, some also in English and French. When Romanticism and nation building became dominating ideas in Norway, the merchants’ European culture and their mixed dialect did not seem appropriate. These men therefore turned their backs on both city culture and city language and started studying Old Norse and rural dialects as part of a movement promoting a language called Landsmål. They formed an organization called Vestmannalaget ‘The Association of Westmen’ in 1868, with the aim of helping to create a new Norwegian standard. In other places in Norway, those working for this new standard language usually had a rural background, and their mission was to promote pride in and the use of their own dialects and their own culture. The Association of Westmen however, aimed to learn a refined version of the dialects of the less privileged classes. This was controversial in the social class to which they belonged, and most of them did not linger on in the Landsmål movement as adults. They were young radicals who paved the way so that others, with closer ties to rural Norway, could take over the linguistic struggle.
Crystal structure of poly(3-thiophenecarboxylato-κ
3
O,O′:O′)-(methanol-κO)cadmium(II), C11H10O5S2Cd
Authors: Zhang Zhongyu , Liu Yunli , Han Bing , Men Xiaoxia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
C11H10O5S2Cd, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 18.303(5) Å, b = 10.806(3) Å, c = 13.859(4) Å, β = 95.074(4)°, V = 2730.4(14) Å3, Z = 8, R
gt(F) = 0.0186, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0488, T = 273.15 K.
Enriching Flaws of Scent عطر עטרה A Guava Scent Collection
Authors: Hoffman Thalia Katrin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This essay is written around the art-action عطر עטרה A Guava scent collection from an artist’s point of view. It connects the decision-making process and manifestations of the scent collection to dominant convictions about the “flaws” of scent and the sense of smell in Western philosophy. According to these convictions, the sense of smell and scent have no relevance to rational thinking and/or scientific knowledge and by implication to a political debate, for three reasons: scent is volatile, the sense of smell is non-verbal, and the sense of smell is too subjective to rely on. By contrast, I argue that the supposed “flaws” of scent and the sense of smell, might, in fact, contribute in a constructive and productive way to a sociopolitical debate, as will be demonstrated by the art installation of the Guava scent collection.
The lifeworld and the world of life: the concept of relevance and its foundation in organic nature
Authors: Strassheim Jan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper relates the concept of relevance to its biological foundations by combining Alfred Schutz’s social phenomenology and Helmuth Plessner’s theory of organic life and philosophical anthropology. Relevance interlinks human sign use with the human “lifeworld” (Husserl) as a whole. The biological foundations of relevance, in turn, interlink that lifeworld with the “world of life” that includes us among other lifeforms. I analyze human relevance as an interplay of two tendencies, termed “closedness” and “openness,” that underlies our production of “meaning” (Schutz). Relevance in this general sense involves not only the mind, but also the body of homo sapiens. To provide a unified theoretical framework, I reconstruct Plessner’s “philosophical biology.” According to Plessner, organic life consists in a tension between closedness and openness. This tension unfolds through the “levels” of plants, animals, and humans. Plessner’s analysis of humans as “excentric” animals helps explain the two tendencies that drive human relevance and distinguish our experience from that of our closest animal relatives. At the same time, Plessner traces a robust continuity between us and other lifeforms. The human “level” merely makes “explicit” certain elements (including the Cartesian distinction between “mind” and “body”) that all organisms implicitly possess.
An attempt to search for the common cellular mechanism of ovulation across all metazoans
Authors: Takahashi Takayuki , Ogiwara Katsueki 
Published: October 2024

In briefOvulation, the female reproductive process whereby fertilizable oocytes are released from a mature ovarian follicle, is widely seen in all animals that sexually reproduce. This paper reveals that, despite the remarkably diverse styles of ovulation among animal taxa, most ovulate via follicle rupture and suggests that the rupture process may operate via similar cellular mechanisms across animals.AbstractOvulation is the process by which a fertilizable oocyte is extruded from the interior of the follicle. Herein, we conducted a literature survey to explore the ovulation patterns of 11 sexually reproducing species belonging to 10 animal phyla. These results indicate a large variety of ovulation patterns. Further comparative biological and evolutionary considerations of these results led us to conclude that most female animals ovulate via follicle rupture. We propose that in all animals that ovulate by follicle rupture, two cellular events may be critically involved in the process: i) the disintegration of cell junctional systems leading to intracellular cytoskeleton rearrangement in the follicle cells and ii) the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins filled between follicle cells. These events may result in follicular cell deformation and increased motility, both of which are necessary for the formation of a path through which an oocyte escapes from the follicle. In addition to the requirement of ECM degradation for disintegrating cell junctions, intensive ECM protein degradation at the apical region of the follicle probably became increasingly important in late-evolving animals, such as vertebrates, in which a thick follicle wall containing a large abundance of ECM proteins is formed. We also considered hypothetical scenarios for the evolution of ovulation in these animals. Furthermore, this article discusses future problems that need to be solved for a more comprehensive understanding of ovulation in the animal kingdom.
АНАЛИЗ ПОЛУЛОКАЛЬНОЙ СХОДИМОСТИ СХЕМЫ ТИПА НЬЮТОНА ЧЕТВЕРТОГО ПОРЯДКА С НОВОЙ МАЖОРАНТОЙ И СРЕДНИМИ УСЛОВИЯМИ ЛИПШИЦА
Authors: ДЖАИСВАЛ Д.П. 
Published: October 2024

Основное внимание в данной статье уделено анализу полулокальной сходимости трехшаговой схемы типа Ньютона (ТШСТН), используемой для нахождения решения нелинейных операторов в банаховых пространствах. Выполняется новый анализ полулокальной сходимости ТШСТН, который основан на предположении, что обобщенное условие Липшица (ОУЛ) удовлетворяется первой производной оператора. Полученные выводы способствуют теоретическому пониманию ТШСТН в банаховых пространствах и имеют практическое значение для различных приложений, таких как интегральные уравнения, что служит дополнительным подтверждением представленнвых результатов.
The main focus of this paper is an analysis of the semilocal convergence (S.C.) of a three-step Newton-type scheme (TSNTS) used for finding the solution of nonlinear operators in Banach spaces (B.S.). A novel S.C. analysis of the TSNTS is introduced, which is based on the assumption that a generalized Lipschitz condition (G.L.C.) is satisfied by the first derivative of the operator. The findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of TSNTS in B.S. and have practical implications in various applications, such as integral equations further validating our results.
ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ АЛГОРИТМА АНСАМБЛЕВОГО СГЛАЖИВАНИЯ КАЛМАНА В ЗАДАЧЕ ОБРАТНОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ ДЛЯ МОДЕЛЕЙ ПЕРЕНОСА И ДИФФУЗИИ
Authors: КЛИМОВА Е.Г. 
Published: October 2024

Изучение распространения в пространстве и времени парниковых газов, а также оценка потоков с поверхности Земли этих газов с помощью системы усвоения данных представляет собой актуальную задачу мониторинга состояния окружающей среды. Одним из подходов к оценке потоков парниковых газов является подход, основанный на предположении, что потоки постоянны в заданной подобласти и на заданном временном интервале (порядка недели). Это обусловлено как необходимостью эффективной реализации алгоритма, так и свойствами используемых в таких задачах данных наблюдений. Современные задачи оценки потоков парниковых газов с поверхности Земли имеют большую размерность, поэтому обычно рассматривается вариант, в котором оцениваемой переменной являются потоки, а модель переноса и диффузии входит в оператор наблюдения. При этом возникает проблема использования больших окон усвоения, в пределах которых оцениваются значения потоков на нескольких временных интервалах. В работе рассматривается алгоритм оценки потоков по данным наблюдений из заданного временного интервала. Алгоритм является вариантом алгоритма ансамблевого сглаживания, широко применяемого в таких задачах. Показано, что при использовании окна усвоения, в котором происходит оценка значений потоков для нескольких временных интервалов, алгоритм может становиться неустойчивым, при этом нарушается условие наблюдаемости.
The study of the spread of greenhouse gases in space and time, as well as the assessment of fluxes from the Earth's surface of these gases using a data assimilation system is an urgent task of monitoring the state of the environment. One of the approaches to estimating greenhouse gas fluxes is an approach based on the assumption that fluxes are constant in a given subdomain and over a given time interval (on the order of a week). This is due to both the need for an effective implementation of the algorithm and the properties of the observational data used in such problems. Modern problems of estimating greenhouse gas fluxes from the Earth's surface have a large dimension, therefore, a variant is usually considered in which the estimated variable is fluxes, and the transport and diffusion model is included in the observation operator. At the same time, there is a problem of using large assimilation windows, within which the flow values are estimated at several time intervals. The paper considers an algorithm for estimating fluxes based on observations from a given time interval. The algorithm is a variant of the ensemble smoothing algorithm, widely used in such problems. It is shown that when using the assimilation window, in which the flow values are estimated for several time intervals, the algorithm can become unstable, while the observability condition is violated.
ЯВНАЯ КОНЕЧНО-РАЗНОСТНАЯ АППРОКСИМАЦИЯ ДЛЯ ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННО-ВРЕМЕННОГО ДРОБНОГО ВОЛНОВОГО УРАВНЕНИЯ РИССА-КАПУТО ПЕРЕМЕННОГО ПОРЯДКА С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ЭРМИТОВОЙ ИНТЕРПОЛЯЦИИ
Authors: О Ч.В. , РО В.М. , КИМ Ю.Ч. 
Published: October 2024

Дробные операторы переменного порядка могут использоваться в различных физических и биологических приложениях, где скорость изменения представляющей интерес величины может зависеть от пространства и/или времени. В данной статье мы предлагаем явную конечно-разностную аппроксимацию для пространственно-временного дробного волнового уравнения Рисса-Капуто переменного порядка с начальными и граничными условиями в конечной области. Предлагаемая схема является условно устойчивой и имеет глобальную ошибку усечения O(τ2+h2). Также представлен численный эксперимент для проверки эффективности предлагаемой схемы.
Variable order fractional operators can be used in various physical and biological applications where rates of change of the quantity of interest may depend on space and/or time. In this paper, we propose an explicit finite difference approximation for a space-time Riesz-Caputo variable order fractional wave equation with initial and boundary conditions in a finite domain. The proposed scheme is conditionally stable and has global truncation error O(τ2+h2). We also present a numerical experiment to verify the efficiency of the proposed scheme.
Hobbes and Kant: Materialism and Rhetoric
Authors: Bustamante Kuschel Gonzalo 
Published: October 2024

This article examines the subtle nuances of Hobbes’s and Kant’s perspectives on rhetoric and materialism, contextualising them within the broader framework of political philosophy. Despite both philosophers being critics of rhetoric, their approaches exhibit notable divergences. Hobbes, who advocated for monarchy, criticized rhetoric from the perspective of a materialist anthropology influenced by Lucretius. However, he paradoxically employed rhetorical strategies in his new scientia civilis. Despite critiquing both Lucretian materialism and rhetoric, Kant incorporated certain rhetorical elements compatible with his philosophical framework, particularly in relation to Epicureanism. This study analyses their interpretations of paradiastole and the implications for the political thought. The argument is that both thinkers, in seeking a rational foundation for the political order, anchor their notions of rationality in Epicurean materialism, by reconfiguring rhetorical elements to suit their respective philosophies. The article elucidates Kant’s republican proclivities and his aspiration to maximize the citizens’ autonomy, which contrasts with Hobbes’s monarchical orientation. This research contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the early modern political thought and its relevance to the contemporary republican and democratic theory.
Expansion of metabolically labelled endocytic organelles and cytoskeletal cell structures in

Giardia lamblia

using optimised U-
ExM
protocols
Authors: Jetishi Clirim , Balmer Erina A , Berger Bianca M , Faso Carmen , Ochsenreiter Torsten 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Understanding cellular ultrastructure is tightly bound to microscopic resolution and the ability to identify individual components at that resolution. Expansion microscopy has revolutionised this topic. Here we present and compare two protocols of ultrastructure expansion microscopy that allow for 4.5-fold mostly isotropic expansion and the use of antibodies, metabolic labelling, and DNA stains to demarcate individual regions such as the endoplasmic reticulum, the nuclei, the peripheral endocytic compartments as well as the ventral disc and the cytoskeleton in Giardia lamblia. We present an optimised, shortened, and modular protocol that can be swiftly adjusted to the investigators needs in this important protozoan model organism.
Ar
s
enite treatment induces
Hsp90 aggregates

distinct
from

conventional
stress granules
in fission yeast
Authors: Tomimoto Naofumi , Takasaki Teruaki , Sugiura Reiko 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Various stress conditions, such as heat stress (HS) and oxidative stress, can cause biomolecular condensates represented by stress granules (SGs) via liquid-liquid phase separation. We have previously shown that Hsp90 forms aggregates in response to HS and that Hsp90 aggregates transiently co-localize with SGs as visualized by Pabp. Here, we showed that arsenite, one of the well-described SG-inducing stimuli, induces Hsp90 aggregates distinct from conventional SGs in fission yeast. Arsenite induced Hsp90 granules in a dose-dependent manner, and these granules were significantly diminished by the co-treatment with a ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), indicating that ROS are required for the formation of Hsp90 granules upon arsenite stress. Notably, Hsp90 granules induced by arsenite do not overlap with conventional SGs as represented by eIF4G or Pabp, while HS-induced Hsp90 granules co-localize with SGs. Nrd1, an RNA-binding protein known as a HS-induced SG component, was recruited into Hsp90 aggregates but not to the conventional SGs upon arsenite stress. The non-phosphorylatable eIF2α mutants significantly delayed the Hsp90 granule formation upon arsenite treatment. Importantly, inhibition of Hsp90 by geldanamycin impaired the Hsp90 granule formation and reduced the arsenite tolerance. Collectively, arsenite stimulates two types of distinct aggregates, namely conventional SGs and a novel type of aggregates containing Hsp90 and Nrd1, wherein Hsp90 plays a role as a center for aggregation, and stress-specific compartmentalization of biomolecular condensates.
Promoter methylation and increased expression of PD-L1 in patients with active tuberculosis
Authors: Tseng Yen-Han , Pan Sheng-Wei , Huang Jhong-Ru , Lee Chang-Ching , Hung Jung-Jyh , Hsu Po-Kuei , Chen Nien-Jung , Su Wei-Juin , Chen Yuh-Min , Feng Jia-Yih 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The PD-1/PD-L1 pathway plays a pivotal role in T cell activity and is involved in the pathophysiology of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection. DNA methylation is a mechanism that modulates PD-L1 expression in cancer cells. However, its effect on PD-L1 expression in macrophages after MTB infection remains unknown. We prospectively enrolled patients with active tuberculosis (TB) and non-TB subjects. The expression of PD-L1 and methylation-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were investigated and their correlation with disease severity and treatment outcomes were examined. PD-L1 promoter methylation status was evaluated using bisulfite sequencing. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining were used to visualize PD-L1- and TET-1-expressing cells in lung tissues from patients with TB and in macrophage cell lines with MTB-related stimulation. In total, 80 patients with active TB and 40 non-TB subjects were enrolled in the analysis. Patients with active TB had significantly higher expression of PD-L1, DNMT3b, TET1, TET2, and lower expression of DNMT1, compared to that in the non-TB subjects. The expression of PD-L1 and TET-1 was significantly associated with 1-month smear and culture non-conversion. IHC and IF staining demonstrated the co-localization of PD-L1- and TET-1-expressing macrophages in patients with pulmonary TB and in human macrophage cell lines after MTB-related stimulation. DNMT inhibition and TET-1 knockdown in human macrophages increased and decreased PD-L1 expression, respectively. Overall, PD-L1 expression is increased in patients with active TB and is correlated with treatment outcomes. DNA methylation is involved in modulating PD-L1 expression in human macrophages.
Direct
detection of stringent alarmones
(pp)pGpp using malachite green
Authors: Schicketanz Muriel , Petrová Magdalena , Rejman Dominik , Sosio Margherita , Donadio Stefano , Zhang Yong Everett 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The alarmone (p)ppGpp serves as the signalling molecule for the bacterial universal stringent response and plays a crucial role in bacterial virulence, persistence, and stress adaptation. Consequently, there is a significant focus on developing new drugs that target and modulate the levels of (p)ppGpp as a potential strategy for controlling bacterial infections. However, despite the availability of various methods for detecting (p)ppGpp, a simple and straightforward detection method is needed. In this study, we demonstrated that malachite green, a well-established compound used for phosphate detection, can directly detect (p)ppGpp and its analogues esp., pGpp. By utilizing malachite green, we identified three new inhibitors of the hydrolase activity of SpoT, one of the two RelA-SpoT homolog (RSH) proteins responsible for making and hydrolyzing (p)ppGpp in Escherichia coli. These findings highlight the convenience and practicality of malachite green, which can be widely employed in high-throughput studies to investigate (pp)pGpp in vitro and discover novel regulators of RSH proteins.