bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Completion of the Central Italy daily precipitation instrumental data series from 1951 to 2019
Authors: Abouzied Gamal AbdElNasser Allam , Tang Guoqiang , Papalexiou Simon Michael , Clark Martyn P. , Aruffo Eleonora , Di Carlo Piero 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrecipitation is a critical part of the global hydrological cycle that determines the distribution of water resources. It is also an essential meteorological variable used as input for hydroclimatic models and projections. However, precipitation data frequently lack complete series, especially at daily and sub‐daily precipitation stations, which are usually large, bulky, and complex. To address this, gap filling is commonly used to produce complete hydrometeorological data series without missing values. Several gap‐filling methods have been developed and improved. This study seeks to fill the gaps of 201 daily precipitation time series in Central Italy by localizing the approach used to generate the Serially Complete dataset for the Planet Earth (SC‐Earth). This method combines the outcome of 15 strategies based on four various gap‐filling techniques (quantile mapping, spatial interpolation, machine learning, and multi‐strategy merging). These strategies employ the daily dataset of the neighbouring stations and the matched ERA5 data to estimate missing values at the target stations. Both raw data and the final serially complete station datasets (SCDs) underwent comprehensive quality control. Many accuracy indicators have been utilized to evaluate the performance of the strategies' estimations and the final SCD, such as Correlation Coefficient (CC), Root mean square error (RMSE), Relative bias (Bias %), and Kling‐Gupta efficiency (KGE″). Multi‐strategy merging strategy based on the Modified Kling‐Gupta efficiency (MS1) shows the highest performance as an individual precipitation gap‐filling strategy. However, the machine learning strategy using random forest (ML3) has the most outstanding share in the final estimates among all other strategies. In the end, the temporal–spatial performance of the final SCD is promising and depends on the pattern of the missing values (MV%). The mean values of KGE″, CC, variability (α), and bias term (β) are 0.9, 0.93, 1.064, and 4.98 × 10−7, respectively.
Effectiveness of a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine in real world: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Taha Amira Mohamed , Mahmoud Abdelrahman Mohamed , Abouelmagd Khaled , Saed Sara Adel Abdelkader , Khalefa Basma Badrawy , Shah Sangam , Satapathy Prakasini , Shamim Muhammad Aaqib , Sah Sanjit , Serhan Hashem Abu , Donovan Suzanne , Sah Ranjit , Barboza Joshuan J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundMpox infection is a zoonotic illness that resembles smallpox. Vaccination is widely regarded as a vital effective method of preventing mpox, however, there is lack of consensus of effectiveness of a single dose of mpox vaccine in the current 2022–2023 outbreak. We pooled data from real‐world studies to evaluate the efficacy of the JYNNEOS vaccination given as a single dosage.MethodWe carried out a thorough literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus up until August 2023. We estimated the pooled vaccine effectiveness (VE) for mpox using inverse variance method in a random‐effects meta‐analysis. We expressed the results as VE, 95% confidence interval (95% CI), and 95% prediction interval (95% PI) using R v4.3.0. We assessed influence, heterogeneity contribution, and influence of studies using several tests and conducted sensitivity analysis accordingly. We used Doi plot and Luis Furuya‐Kanamori (LFK) index to evaluate publication bias.ResultsWith a total sample size of 35,326 individuals, we involved 11 studies in the meta‐analysis. The VE of a single dose of JYNNEOS vaccine was 78.23% (95% CI: 62.79%–87.27%) by pooling data of 24,784 individuals over seven studies. The findings were heterogenous with a 95% PI of −32.14% to 96.41% depicting the expected range of VE in similar settings. Notably, VE increased to 83.02% (74.62%–88.64%) with a prediction interval of (44.67%–94.79) after sensitivity analysis by leaving out outliers. The results were robust in light of several sensitivity analyses. An asymmetric Doi plot with LFK index of −2.25 showed potential publication bias. Pooled prevalence of mpox infection among vaccinated individuals (breakthrough infection) in six studies was 2.19% (0.37%–5.32%).ConclusionThe present findings provide compelling evidence that a single dose of JUNNEOS vaccine can protect recipients from mpox infection. With a 78.23% estimated efficacy rate, the vaccine is thought to be a useful tool in preventing further spread of mpox. However, more research and ongoing surveillance are required to fully understand the reasons behind breakthrough infections and to improve immunization strategies for better protection against mpox.
Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms of cytokines and hepatitis B virus‐related liver cirrhosis: A case‐control study
Authors: Li Yijun , Zhou Haowei , Wu Weikang , Zhang Wenhua , Ye Yancheng , Jia Wenling , Liang Chunhui , Tang Haitao , Wang Fengmei , Shao Zhongjun , Yuan Xiaojie , Zhang Weilu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsVarious inflammatory and immune cytokines play key roles in the progression of hepatitis B virus (HBV)‐related liver cirrhosis (LC). This study explored the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokines with the combined effect of polymorphisms and gender‐polymorphisms interaction and LC risk.MethodsIn this study, a case–control design was used, samples were selected from 45 patients with hepatitis B‐related cirrhosis and 45 age‐gender‐matched chronic HBV‐infected patients without cirrhosis attending the tumor hospital of Wuwei Academy of Medical Sciences. Fifteen SNPs were examined using a real‐time polymerase chain reaction allelic discrimination system. Logistic regression was utilized to assess cytokine‐associated SNPs and the association between SNPs and LC progression in HBV‐infected patients.ResultsThe multivariate‐adjusted logistic model revealed that the GG/AG dominant model (OR, 16.38; 95% CI, 1.13–236.70) and G allele (OR, 5.93; 95% CI, 0.98–36.01) of rs1800896 were associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis in CHB patients. Instead, rs2227306 CT presented a reduced cirrhosis risk (OR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.04–1.38). Rs2055979 AA/AC was negatively associated with the risk of cirrhosis, potentially reversed in males (p = 0.021). Rs1799964 CC/CT was positively related to the risk of cirrhosis but reduced the risk of cirrhosis in males (OR, 0.13; 95% CI, 0.022–0.808; p = 0.028). Both rs1799964 TT and rs1799724 CT/TT genotype showed a synergistic effect in reducing the risk of cirrhosis with rs1800896 AA (OR, 0.08; 95% CI, 0.01–1.43 and OR, 0.12; 95% CI, 0.01–2.21).ConclusionPolymorphisms rs1800896 and rs2227306 are potentially associated with the risk of cirrhosis. For the first time, the study highlights that the rs2055979 AA/AC and rs1799964 CC/CT polymorphism interact with gender and its potential reversal of cirrhosis risk in males. Furthermore, rs1800896 AA showed a synergistic effect with rs1799964 TT and rs1799724 CT/TT to prevent the progression of HBV infection to cirrhosis.
Review of Polarized Light‐Spin/Dipole Interactions: Fundamental Physics and Application in Circularly Polarized Detecting
Authors: Hu Renjie , Qin Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCircularly polarized light (CPL) has attracted great attention due to its unique electromagnetic vector, which possesses potential practical applications in optical imaging, biometrics, and other interdisciplinary areas. At present, many materials with spontaneous CPL emitting have been extensively studied and reviewed for the generation of CPL. For the detection of CPL, mainly concentrate on the technical problems, that is, how to combine circularly polarized optical active materials with device structures to meet detection needs. Essentially, the resolution of CPL depends on the interaction between CPL and matter, Herein, the interactive modes including polarized light‐spin and light‐dipole (or charge) interactions in devices are summarized. Also, direct and indirect interactions of polarized light‐spin are presented. Meanwhile, the progress of light‐spin/dipole interaction dependence of CPL detectors is analyzed based on artificial structures of photoconductors, photodiodes, and photo field effect transistors. It is hoped that the review can broaden the bridge between the fundamental photon‐spin‐dipole interaction and CPL detectors with high performance, and then deepen the understanding of CPL detection and promote the development of CPL detectors.
Development and Testing of the Spinal Cord Injury Bladder and Bowel Control Questionnaire (SCI‐BBC‐Q)
Authors: Bryce Thomas N. , Tsai Chung‐ying , Wecht Jill M. , Spielman Lisa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionRecovery of lower urinary tract (LUT) and lower gastrointestinal tract (LGIT) is a high priority for people with lived experience following spinal cord injury (SCI). A universally accepted validated patient‐reported outcome (PRO) measure of the individual sensory and motor components of LGIT and LUT function, which allows tracking of recovery is lacking. To address this literature gap, the SCI Bladder and Bowel Control Questionnaire (SCI‐BBC‐Q) was developed.MethodsThe SCI‐BBC‐Q was developed as a direct assessment of the micturition and defecation experiences of an individual with SCI with possible neurogenic LUT and LGIT dysfunction. The SCI‐BBC‐Q development process consisted of two phases, measure development and evaluation. Measure development was guided by a conceptual framework, review of existing instruments and literature, and an iterative process of item incorporation, review, feedback, and consensus revision. Evaluation included cognitive interviewing, and assessments of feasibility, reliability, and content validity.ResultsThe final 6‐item SCI‐BBC‐Q is a PRO, which assesses motor and sensory function related to micturition and defecation, requiring ~5 min to complete. Assessments of clarity of the instrument components with regard to understanding of what is being asked in the questionnaire, feasibility of administration, reliability, internal consistency, and agreement with proxy measures have demonstrated that the SCI‐BBC‐Q provides consistent, stable, and reproducible data. Significant correlations were found between SCI‐BBC‐Q scores and the anorectal motor and sensory components of the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of SCI.ConclusionThe SCI‐BBC‐Q is a practical and reliable method for baseline and ongoing evaluation of patients with neurogenic LUT and LGIT dysfunction, especially in the acute and subacute period when function is changing due to neurological plasticity. It is also appropriate for use in monitoring response to treatments related to neurological recovery.
Two birds with one stone: Multifunctional controlled‐release formulations of pesticides
Authors: Xu Chunli , Chen Huiping , Shangguan Wenjie , Yu Manli , Zhao Pengyue , Cao Chong , Yin Mingming , Huang Qiliang , Cao Lidong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractControlled release and nanotechnology techniques hold promising potential for propelling the pesticide industry toward the goals of green revolution. This study introduces the concept of atom economy into the multifunctionality of controlled‐release formulations (CRFs) of pesticides from both economic and sustainable perspectives. In addition to their core function of controlling the release of active ingredient, carriers also provide additional benefits, including enhanced foliar adhesion and pesticide translocation, nutritional function, synergistic bioactivity, safety for nontarget organisms, crop stress alleviation, reduced soil leaching, soil remediation, and fluorescence visualization. These additional functions are highlighted and taken seriously. Through ingenious excogitation, the multifunctional CRFs of pesticides can achieve multiple objectives, enhancing input efficiency while minimizing environmental impacts. We tentatively blazed a trail by reviewing the recent advances in multifunctional CRFs of pesticides from the perspective of green chemistry. Additionally, potential development and implementation barriers of CRFs were discussed, emphasizing the necessity for robust field trials and comprehensive systems‐level efficacy/biosafety evaluations to substantially boost the technical readiness and performance of multifunctional CRFs of pesticides. Our goal is to expand the multifunctional concept for pesticide formulations, thereby accelerating the development of global sustainable agrochemical products.
Enantioselective differentiation of chiral succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fungicides
Authors: Guo Peilin , Pan Xinglu , Xu Jun , Wu Xiaohu , Zheng Yongquan , Dong Fengshou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChiral succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides have undergone rapid development and extensive application in plant protection. Due to the common existing differences in bioactivity, toxicity, and environmental behavior between the enantiomers of chiral pesticides, a comprehensive evaluation of chiral SDHI fungicides at the enantiomeric level is crucial for gaining a deeper understanding of the behavior of chiral pesticides and facilitating their rational application. This review summarizes the research advancements in analytical methods for chiral SDHI fungicides, and explores enantioselective differences in their bioactivity, toxicity, and enantioselective environmental behavior. These insights are intended to enhance the efficient utilization and risk management of these chiral fungicides.
Atypical presentations of RECQL4‐related syndromes
Authors: Grossman Liron D. , Baldino Sarah , Zelley Kristin , Balis Frank , Bagatell Rochelle , Kalish Jennifer M. , MacFarland Suzanne P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRECQL4‐related syndromes are a group of rare cancer‐predisposition syndromes caused by biallelic pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV/LPV) in the DNA helicase gene, RECQL4. Genetic testing is typically prompted by the presence of one or more hallmark clinical features, and in the absence of such manifestations, diagnosis may be delayed or even missed. We describe five patients with biallelic germline mutations in RECQL4 who presented atypically, without the hallmark clinical manifestations of this syndrome. Three of these patients developed osteosarcoma, underscoring the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of Rothmund–Thomson syndrome (RTS) to allow for early awareness and surveillance for cancer.
More problems sampling wildlife with baits: Environmental food resources influence trapping rates
Authors: Dehaudt Bastien , Moore Jonathan , Gibson Luke , Luskin Matthew S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBaits are often used to increase wildlife capture rates; however, there has been little work exploring the effect of varying environmental conditions on bait effectiveness. Here we show that environmental food availability influences wildlife detection probability when using food baits. We sampled small mammals in Borneo with live traps baited with fruit before, during and after the rainforest experienced a mast fruiting event, which drastically altered environmental food availability. Compared to sampling before the mast, community‐wide trap success plummeted by 94% during the mast when fruit resources were abundant then increased back 10‐fold the month following peak masting. We conclude that environmental food availability can strongly influence bait effectiveness and thus detectability. Therefore, researchers using food baits should control for background food conditions when sampling. Alternatively, population models need to account for these variations in detection probability. These methodological insights are especially important in ecosystems where resources strongly fluctuate.
MRI-based Quantitative Collateral Assessment in Acute Stroke
Authors: Polkowski Christoph , Helwig Niklas , Wagner Marlies , Seiler Alexander 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
In acute ischemic stroke with large-vessel occlusion (LVO), collateral assessment with single-phase computed tomography angiography (CTA) might underestimate pial collateral supply in a considerable proportion of patients. We aimed to compare time-resolved magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based quantitative collateral mapping to conventional collateral imaging with CTA.

Methods
This retrospective single-center study covering a period of 6 years (2012–2018) included drip-and-ship LVO patients who underwent MR imaging after initial imaging evaluation with CT. For MRI-based collateral assessment, T2*-weighted time series from perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) were processed to compute a quantitative collateral vessel index (CVIPWI) based on the magnitude of signal variance across the entire acquisition time. CTA-based collateral scores (Tan and Maas) and CVIPWI were investigated in terms of inter-modality associations between collateral measures, as well as their relationships with stroke severity, infarct volume and early functional outcome.

Results
The final analysis included n = 56 patients (n = 31 female, mean age 69.9 ± 14.21 years). No significant relationship was found between MR-based quantitative collateral supply (CVIPWI) and CT-based collateral scores (r = −0.00057, p = 0.502 and r = −0.124, p = 0.797). In contrast to CVIPWI, CTA-based collateral scores showed no significant relationship with clinical stroke severity and infarct volume. While MR-based CVIPWI was independently associated with favorable early functional outcome in multivariate analysis (OR 1.075, 95% CI 1.001–1.153, p = 0.046), CTA-based collateral scores were not significantly associated with outcome.

Conclusions
Since collateral scores based on single-phase CTA do not accurately reflect infarct progression and might underestimate pial collateralization in a relevant proportion of patients, they are not associated with early functional outcome in LVO patients. In contrast, CVIPWI represents a robust imaging parameter of collateral supply and is independently associated with functional outcome.
Non-contrast-enhanced MR-angiography of Extracranial Arteries in Acute Ischemic Stroke at 1.5 Tesla Using Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography Without Contrast and Triggering (REACT)
Authors: Janssen Jan P. , Rose Sarah , Kaya Kenan , Terzis Robert , Hahnfeldt Robert , Gertz Roman J. , Goertz Lukas , Iuga Andra-Iza , Grunz Jan-Peter , Kabbasch Christoph , Rauen Philip , Persigehl Thorsten , Weiss Kilian , Borggrefe Jan , Pennig Lenhard , Gietzen Carsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To evaluate a novel flow-independent sequence (Relaxation-Enhanced Angiography without Contrast and Triggering (REACT)) for imaging of the extracranial arteries in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) at 1.5 T.

Methods
This retrospective single-center study included 47 AIS patients who received REACT (scan time: 3:01 min) and contrast-enhanced MRA (CE-MRA) of the extracranial arteries at 1.5 T in clinical routine. Two radiologists assessed scans for proximal internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis, stated their diagnostic confidence and rated the image quality of cervical arteries, impact of artifacts and image noise. Apparent signal- and contrast-to-noise ratios (aSNR/aCNR) were measured for the common carotid artery and ICA.

Results
REACT achieved a sensitivity of 95.0% and a specificity of 97.3% for ICA stenoses in high agreement with CE-MRA (κ = 0.83) with equal diagnostic confidence (p = 0.22). Image quality was rated higher for CE-MRA at the aortic arch (p = 0.002) and vertebral arteries (p < 0.001), whereas REACT provided superior results for the extracranial ICA (p = 0.008). Both sequences were only slightly affected by artifacts (p = 0.60), while image noise was more pronounced in CE-MRA (p < 0.001) in line with higher aSNR (p < 0.001) and aCNR (p < 0.001) values in REACT for all vessels.

Conclusion
Given its good diagnostic performance while yielding comparable image quality and scan time to CE-MRA, REACT may be suitable for the imaging of the extracranial arteries in acute ischemic stroke at 1.5 T.
Radiotherapy for painful shoulder syndrome: a retrospective evaluation
Authors: Leist Ronny , Micke Oliver , Seegenschmiedt M. Heinrich , Adamietz Irenaeus A. , Fakhrian Kashyar , Muecke Ralph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
We evaluated the efficacy of low-dose radiotherapy for painful shoulder syndrome from an orthopedic perspective.

Methods
Patients with painful shoulder syndrome were recruited for this retrospective clinical quality assessment from January 2011 to December 2017. Patients were treated with a linear accelerator or an orthovoltage device at individual doses of 0.5–1.0 Gy and total doses of 3.0–6.0 Gy. To assess response, we used the von Pannewitz score with five levels: “worsened,” “unaffected,” “improved,” “significantly improved,” and “symptom free.” “Good treatment success” was defined as “significantly improved” and “symptom free.” Within-group and between-group differences were statistically evaluated.

Results
Of 236 recruited patients (150 women, 86 men; mean age 66.3 [range 31–96] years), 180 patients underwent radiotherapy with a linear accelerator and 56 with an orthovoltage device. Fractionation was 12 × 0.5 Gy in 120 patients, 6 × 0.5 Gy in 74, and 6 × 1 Gy in 42 patients. Treatments were completed in one series for 223 and in two series at least 6 weeks apart for 13 patients. Of the 236 patients, 163 patients (69.1%) agreed to be re-interviewed at a median of 10.5 (range 4–60) months after radiotherapy completion. Directly after radiotherapy, 30.9% (73 patients) had “good treatment success,” which had increased to 55.2% (90 patients) at follow-up.

Conclusion
Protracted pain improvement with low-dose radiotherapy is possible in painful shoulder syndrome. Patients with refractory pain because of subacromial syndrome or shoulder osteoarthritis should also be evaluated for radiotherapy.
Ethische Grenzentscheidungen in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Scherr Benedikt Florian , Buehler Philipp Karl 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Ethische Grenzentscheidungen sind ein wesentlicher Bestandteil der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin. In Akutsituationen müssen oft unter Zeitdruck und mit unvollständigen Informationen rasche Entscheidungen getroffen werden. Diese Entscheidungen werden durch Faktoren wie Ökonomisierung, Ressourcenmangel und zunehmende technische Möglichkeiten erschwert.

Fragestellung
Welche Entscheidungshilfen und Faktoren können bei ethischen Grenzfällen in der Intensivmedizin herangezogen werden?

Ergebnisse
Grundlegende ethische Prinzipien wie Patientenautonomie, Benefizienz, Nichtschaden und Gerechtigkeit bilden die Basis für medizinische Therapieentscheidungen. Die Evaluation des Patientenwillens durch Patientenverfügungen oder Stellvertreterkonsens ist entscheidend, wobei Patientenverfügungen oft unklar sind. Die Abschätzung der Lebensqualität gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung, wobei Instrumente wie die Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) zur Anwendung kommen. Bei älteren Patienten sollte eine ganzheitliche Betrachtung erfolgen und nicht nur das chronologische Alter berücksichtigt werden. Bei Patienten mit fortgeschrittenen Grunderkrankungen ist ein multidisziplinärer Austausch besonders wichtig.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Entscheidungsfindung in der Intensivmedizin erfordert eine sorgfältige Abwägung medizinischer, ethischer und individueller Faktoren. Trotz Fortschritten in der künstlichen Intelligenz und Prognosemodellen bleibt die menschliche Beurteilung unerlässlich. In Zeiten knapper Ressourcen sind ethisch vertretbare Triageprotokolle notwendig. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, diese Prinzipien und Faktoren in der klinischen Praxis anzuwenden und dabei die Individualität jedes Patienten zu berücksichtigen.