bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’innovation entre tradition et nouveauté
Authors: Pesqueux Yvon 
Published: May 2016

L’innovation est devenue une référence idéologique. Elle est mise en avant à la fois comme salvatrice de la croissance économique mais aussi comme étant susceptible de résoudre les problèmes liés au développement durable, aux crises sanitaires et aux difficultés sociales (avec l’« innovation sociale »). Ce texte a pour ambition de questionner la notion au regard de son imprécision en termes de définition et de contenu avec la nécessité de se référer à un point de départ (référence fondée par rapport à la notion de tradition), de faire une analyse de l’innovation comme transgression et de mettre en regard l’innovation par rapport aux notions d’apprentissage organisationnel et de changement organisationnel.
Du “tabou de la mort” à l’accompagnement de fin de vie.
Authors: Launay Pauline 
Published: May 2016

Dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, la médecine palliative a pris corps avec le sentiment d’un nécessaire renouvellement de la prise en charge des incurables, qui contraste avec celle pratiquée dans les hôpitaux jusqu’alors. Son institutionnalisation en France dans les années 1980 débouche sur la création d’un lieu spécifique, l’Unité de Soins Palliatifs (USP), particulièrement révélateur de la configuration théorique, éthique et empirique de la médecine palliative. Devenue synonyme des pratiques palliatives, la notion d’accompagnement de fin de vie signe le passage d’une négativité – combattre le “tabou de la mort” – à une positivité dans la configuration d’une nouvelle médicalisation du mourir. À travers l’étude de la disposition spatiale (architecture, topographie et ambiance) d’une Unité de Soins Palliatifs, nous souhaitons montrer en quoi ce lieu particulier peut être un révélateur de cette nouvelle configuration médicale.
Severity and pattern of bone mineral loss in endocrine causes of osteoporosis as compared to age-related bone mineral loss
Authors: Dutta D , Dharmshaktu P , Aggarwal A , Gaurav K , Bansal R , Devru N , Garga UC , Kulshreshtha B 
Published: May 2016

Background:
Data are scant on bone health in endocrinopathies from India. This study evaluated bone mineral density (BMD) loss in endocrinopathies [Graves’ disease (GD), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (HypoH), hypergonadotropic hypogonadism (HyperH), hypopituitarism, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT)] as compared to age-related BMD loss [postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO), andropause].

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective audit of records of patients >30 years age attending a bone clinic from August 2014 to January 2016 was done.

Results:
Five-hundred and seven records were screened, out of which 420 (females:male = 294:126) were analyzed. A significantly higher occurrence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was noted in T1DM (89.09%), HyperH (85%), and HypoH (79.59%) compared to age-related BMD loss (60.02%; P < 0.001). The occurrence of osteoporosis among females and males was 55.41% and 53.97%, respectively, and of osteopenia among females and males was 28.91% and 32.54%, respectively. In females, osteoporosis was significantly higher in T1DM (92%), HyperH (85%), and HypoH (59.26%) compared to PMO (49.34%; P < 0.001). Z score at LS, TF, NOF, and greater trochanter (GT) was consistently lowest in T1DM women. Among men, osteoporosis was significantly higher in T1DM (76.67%) and HypoH (54.55%) compared to andropause (45.45%; P = 0.001). Z score at LS, TF, NOF, GT, and TR was consistently lowest in T1DM men. In GD, the burden of osteoporosis was similar to PMO and andropause. BMD difference among the study groups was not significantly different after adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and vitamin D.

Conclusion:
Low bone mass is extremely common in endocrinopathies, warranting routine screening and intervention. Concomitant vitamin D deficiency compounds the problem. Calcium and vitamin D supplementations may improve bone health in this setting.
Epidemiologisk forskning om uførepensjon i Norden
Authors: Bjørngaard Johan Håkon , Krokstad Steinar , Johnsen Roar , Karlsen Anita Oxaas , Pape Kristine , Støver Morten , Westin Steinar 
Published: May 2016

En relativ stor andel av befolkningen i yrkesaktiv alder i de nordiske landene mottar uførepensjon, og i Norge er det en klar tendens til økning. Parallelt med dette har interessen for forskning rundt uførepensjon som fenomen økt. Vi har i denne studien beskrevet den epidemiologiske forskningen om uførepensjon i Norden. I en systematisk litteraturgjennomgang fant vi 118 aktuelle artikler. Alle de nordiske landene er godt representert. Kohortstudier med uførepensjon som endepunkt utgjorde hovedvekten av materialet, hvor 67 var populasjonsbaserte mens 29 tok utgangspunkt i selekterte pasientpopulasjoner. I alt seks kohortstudier benyttet uførepensjon som eksponering. Vi fant videre syv kasus-kontrollstudier og ni forsøk. Det er betydelig dokumentasjon på at ulike sykdommer og helseplager er assosiert med økt risiko for uførhet, i tillegg til at sosioøkonomiske og arbeidsrelaterte forhold er av betydning. Gjennomgangen viser at den epidemiologiske forskningen for det meste har rettet blikket mot individuelle årsaker til uførepensjonering. Selv om denne forskningen er viktig, kan den neppe forklare økningen vi har sett i det siste tiåret. Den videre forskningen bør utforske nærmere hvordan individuell sårbarhet ender i utstøtelse fra arbeidslivet. Med tanke på den omfattende forskningen om årsaker på dette feltet, bør man også i større grad gjennomføre forsøk for å bedre utsatte gruppers arbeidsdeltakelse.Bjørngaard JH, Krokstad S, Johnsen R, Karlsen AO, Pape K, Støver M, Sund E, Westin S. Epidemiological research on disability benefits in the Nordic countries. Nor J Epidemiol 2009; 19 (2): 103-114 ENGLISH SUMMARYA substantial part of the workforce in the Nordic countries receives a disability benefit, and in Norway this beneficiary rate is growing. As a result, disability benefit has been the subject of new interest and research. In this study we have reviewed the epidemiological research on disability benefit in the Nordic countries. A systematic review of the literature identified 118 articles of relevance. The majority of the articles are cohort studies using disability benefit as an end point, with 67 studies being population-based and 29 based on patient populations. Six cohort studies use disability benefit as an exposure. There were seven casecontrol studies and nine studies describing different interventions. In our material, associations between different health issues and work disability are well documented, as well as the importance of socioeconomic and work-related factors. The review reveals an emphasis on individual risk factors. Although important, individual factors alone can not explain the last decade’s growth in the disability beneficiary rate. Further research should investigate more thoroughly how individual vulnerability results in work force exclusion. Given the extensive previous risk factor research, there is a need for interventions to improve vulnerable groups’ work participation..
Exit Poll Sponsorship and Response Intentions
Authors: Panagopoulos Costas 
Published: May 2016

<p>Scholars and practitioners alike are increasingly concerned about growing and differential rates of nonresponse in exit polls. In this paper, I examine how exit poll sponsorship affects response intentions. I leverage an experiment imbedded in a nationally-representative probability sample telephone sample that probed respondents about exit poll participation intentions. The survey, fielded by Opinion Research Corporation for CNN in November 2006, randomly varied whether respondents were informed the exit poll would be conducted by the “television networks,” specifically, or generically, by “some organizations.” The results reveal that respondents are significantly more likely to report they would be likely to participate in exit polls when television networks are explicitly identified as sponsors. These effects are robust across a series of specifications and do not appear to be moderated by key observable attributes including age, gender, race, partisanship or educational attainment. </p>
Assessing Sustainability of Smallholder Beef Cattle Farming in Indonesia: A Case Study Using the FAO SAFA Framework
Authors: Gayatri Siwi , Gasso-tortajada Vincent , Vaarst Mette 
Published: May 2016

<span lang="EN-US">This article aims to assess the sustainability of smallholder beef cattle farms in Indonesia, where there is a national goal to improve the country’s beef self-sufficiency, and to explore and discuss potential improvement limitations and solutions. This article presents a sustainability assessment based on the FAO SAFA (Sustainability Assessment of Food and Agriculture Systems) of six selected family farms representing three types of family farming systems (with only family labour; with hired labour; and with hired labour and a 'middleman in marketing system'). Individual structured interviews based on the SAFA guidelines were conducted and the results analysed with the <em>SAFA Tool</em> software. The results showed that the SAFA sustainability performance generally scored better in the farming system with relatively more resources and hired labour, and the household head also working as middleman, as compared to the other two farming systems with some or no hired labour. These results indicate that the larger room for sustainability improvement relies in the farming systems with only family labour. Lack of information, training and economical resources showed to be two main drivers that explain part of these differences. These results suggest that the government’s role in increasing awareness, providing information and training and facilitating sustainable development practices is critical.</span>
El carácter preventivo del mal mediante la facultad de pensar y la facultad de juzgar desde la perspectiva de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Sanabria Cucalón María Camila 
Published: May 2016

<p>En este texto trato la relación entre el mal, la facultad de pensar y la facultad de juzgar. Acorde con Arendt, todos los hombres cuentan con las facultades de pensar y juzgar, y en el uso de dichas facultades habría un carácter preventivo frente al mal. Si todos los hombres cuentan con la posibilidad de pensar y juzgar ¿por qué algunos hombres hacen el mal teniendo la posibilidad de prevenirlo? En primer lugar, el uso de estas facultades no se da necesariamente. En segundo lugar, incluso quien tiene conciencia moral podría realizar el mal. En tercer lugar, aunque la manifestación del juicio moral podría originar la acción, ésta es ilimitada e impredecible y por ello no es posible determinar que efectivamente prevendría el mal. Por estas tres razones, la tesis que propongo es que no hay algo que condicione suficientemente a los hombres de modo que no puedan hacer el mal.</p>
Le croisement des savoirs et des pratiques avec des personnes en situation de pauvreté. Une condition nécessaire pour une société du savoir inclusive
Authors: de Laat Marianne , Boyer Sophie , Hudon Catherine , Goulet Émilie , Loignon Christine 
Published: May 2016

La démarche de croisement des savoirs et des pratiques entre personnes en situation de pauvreté, universitaires et praticiens repose sur une conviction à la fois éthique et épistémologique : toute personne détient potentiellement les moyens de comprendre et d’interpréter sa propre situation. C’est l’analyse du vécu des personnes en situation de pauvreté et d’exclusion qui est le point de départ d’une construction de savoirs croisés. Il s’agit en fait d’une fécondation réciproque, chacun des partenaires de l’échange apportant à l’autre les éléments d’une production et d’une transformation de son propre savoir. Il ne s’agit donc pas de plaider pour un savoir unique et uniforme, sorte de synthèse des différents types de savoirs. Chacun existe comme acteur et auteur à part entière de sa propre pensée et de son action, comme détenteur d’un savoir reconnu par les autres acteurs. Par le croisement des savoirs et des pratiques, l’effort de construction par chacun de son propre savoir et la coconstruction d’un produit commun sont associés. Il s’agit de déconstruire pour reconstruire, de se laisser interpeller et d’accepter le déplacement de son point de vue. Au Québec, la recherche ÉQUIsanTÉ, une recherche participative menée au sein de deux unités de médecine de famille de l’Université de Sherbrooke, s’appuie sur la démarche du croisement des savoirs : les personnes en situation de pauvreté, les cliniciens et cliniciennes et les universitaires ont agi à titre de cochercheurs du début (formulation de la question de recherche) jusqu’à la fin de la recherche (écriture collective et diffusion des résultats).
Generation of terahertz hollow beams by a photonic quasi-crystal flat lens
Authors: Feng Bo , Liu Exian , Wang Ziming , Cai Weicheng , Liu Hongfei , Wang Shuo , Liang Taiyuan , Xiao Wei , Liu Jianjun 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We have designed a decagonal photonic quasi-crystal (PQC) flat lens, which turns an incident terahertz (THz) plane wave into a hollow beam easily and flexibly. The features of the THz hollow beam can be controlled by varying the parameters of a point defect in the center of the lens, i.e., the PQC flat lens can be used as a flexible tool for THz optical captivity or optical tweezer. The results showing that an airy disk, whose mean beam width is similar to the incident wavelength and power-in-the-bucket (PIB) is more than 96%, can be generated in the far field.
Densification effects of the carbon nanotube pillar array on field-emission properties
Authors: Wang Kuang-Yu , Chou Chia-Hsin , Liao Chan-Yu , Li Yu-Ren , Cheng Huang-Chung 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this study, a simple densification method for carbon nanotube (CNT) pillars is proposed to achieve high-performance field emission characteristics and stable emission. Through capillary force during solution evaporation, the CNT density in each pillar can be increased by about six times without causing damage to the crystallinity of CNTs. The densified CNT pillars exhibit lower series resistance, sharper pillars, better contacts, higher thermal conductivity, and better mechanical stiffness than as-grown ones. Therefore, the threshold field of the field emitter with such CNT pillars of 50 µm height can be reduced to 1.98 V/µm, as compared with 2.2 V/µm for the undensified ones. Moreover, the fluctuation of field-emission current decreases from 15.5 to 9.4% after the stress tests at a field of 2 V/µm for 1800 s. These findings imply that the densified CNT pillars are promising for the field-emission applications.
Fabrication and optical property of metal nanowire arrays embedded in anodic porous alumina membrane
Authors: Takase Kouichi , Shimizu Tomohiro , Sugawa Kosuke , Aono Takashige , Shirai Yuma , Nishida Tomohiko , Shingubara Shoso 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Nanowires embedded in nanopores are potentially tough against surface scraping and agglomeration. In this study, we have fabricated Au and Ni nanowires embedded into anodic porous alumina (APA) and investigated their reflectance to study the effects of surface plasmon absorption properties and conversion from solar energy to thermal energy. Au nanowires embedded into APA show typical gold surface plasmon absorption at approximately 530 nm. On the other hand, Ni nanowires show quite a low reflectance under 600 nm. In the temperature elevation test, both Au and Ni nanowire samples present the same capability to warm up water. It means that Ni nanowires embedded into APA have almost the same photothermal activity as Au nanowires.
Monitoring and analyses of substrate surface in first stages of graphene growth in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Kawano Masahiro , Yamada Shunya , Hayashi Yasuaki 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In situ ellipsometry was carried out as well as ex situ measurements by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy for the analyses of substrate surface in the first stage of graphene growth in plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Evolutions of the ellipsometric parameters Ψ and Δ were precisely measured during the growth of graphene with the sensitivity far less than 1 nm in film thickness. By the fitting of the experimentally obtained trajectory of ellipsometric parameters on the Ψ–Δ coordinate plane to that of the calculated ones, we confirmed that the graphite volume fraction decreased with growth after a dense graphite material initially formed. This suggests that carbon nanowalls grew on a thin graphitic layer.
Book review: Winter-Froemel, Esme and Zirker Angelika (eds.) (2015), Enjeux du jeu de mots. Perspectives linguistiques et littéraires [Stakes of wordplay. Linguistic and literary perspectives]. De Gruyter: Berlin/Boston.
Authors: Priego-Valverde Béatrice 
Published: May 2016

Book review: Winter-Froemel, Esme and Zirker Angelika (eds.) (2015), Enjeux du jeu de mots. Perspectives linguistiques et littéraires [Stakes of wordplay. Linguistic and literary perspectives]. De Gruyter: Berlin/Boston.
Long-term oncologic outcomes of laparoscopic nephroureterectomy versus open nephroureterectomy for upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Su , Luo You , Wang Cheng , Fu Sheng-Jun , Yang Li 
Published: May 2016

Background.Several factors have been validated as predictors of disease recurrence in upper tract urothelial carcinoma. However, the oncological outcomes between different surgical approaches (open nephroureterectomy versus laparoscopic nephroureterectomy, ONU vs LNU) remain controversial. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the oncological outcomes associated with different surgical approaches.Methods.We conducted an electronic search of the PubMed, Embase, ISI Web of Knowledge and Cochrane Library electronic databases through November 2015, screened the retrieved references, collected and evaluated the relevant information. We extracted and synthesized the corresponding hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using Stata 13.Results.Twenty-one observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed no differences in the intravesical recurrence-free survival (IRFS), unspecified recurrence-free survival (UnRFS) and overall survival (OS) between LNUandONU. However, improvements in the extravesical recurrence free survival (ExRFS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) were observed inLNU. The pooled hazard ratios were 1.05 (95% CI [0.92–1.18]) for IRFS, 0.80 (95% CI [0.64–0.96]) for ExRFS, 1.10 (95% CI [0.93–1.28]) for UnRFS, 0.91 (95% CI [0.66–1.17]) for OS and 0.79 (95% CI [0.68–0.91]) for CSS.Conclusion.Based on current evidence, LNU could provide equivalent prognostic effects for upper tract urothelial carcinoma, and had better oncological control of ExRFS and CSS compared to ONU. However, considering all eligible studies with the intrinsic bias of retrospective study design, the results should be interpreted with caution. Prospective randomized trials are needed to verify these results.
Achieving comparable uncertainty estimates with Kalman filters or linear smoothers for bathymetry data
Authors: Bourgeois Brian S. , Elmore Paul A. , Avera William E. , Zambo Samantha J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper examines and contrasts two estimation methods, Kalman filtering and linear smoothing, for creating interpolated data products from bathymetry measurements. Using targeted examples, we demonstrate previously obscured behavior showing the dependence of linear smoothers on the spatial arrangement of the measurements, yielding markedly different estimation results than the Kalman filter. For bathymetry data, we have modified the variance estimates from both the Kalman filter and linear smoothers to obtain comparable estimators for dense data. These comparable estimators produce uncertainty estimates that have statistically insignificant differences via hypothesis testing. Achieving comparable estimation is accomplished by applying the “propagated uncertainty” concept and a numerical realization of Tobler's principle to the measurement data prior to the computation of the estimate. We show new mathematical derivations for these modifications. In addition, we show test results with (a) synthetic data and (b) gridded bathymetry in the area of the Scripps and La Jolla Canyons. Our tenfold cross‐validation for case (b) shows that the modified equations create comparable uncertainty for both gridding algorithms with null hypothesis acceptance rates of greater than 99.95% of the data points. In contrast, bilinear interpolation has 10 times the amount of rejection. We then discuss how the uncertainty estimators are, in principle, applicable to interpolate geophysical data other than bathymetry.
Modeling of ocean‐induced ice melt rates of five west Greenland glaciers over the past two decades
Authors: Rignot E. , Xu Y. , Menemenlis D. , Mouginot J. , Scheuchl B. , Li X. , Morlighem M. , Seroussi H. , den Broeke M. van , Fenty I. , Cai C. , An L. , Fleurian B. de 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHigh‐resolution, three‐dimensional simulations from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model ocean model are used to calculate the subaqueous melt rate of the calving faces of Umiamako, Rinks, Kangerdlugssup, Store, and Kangilerngata glaciers, west Greenland, from 1992 to 2015. Model forcing is from monthly reconstructions of ocean state and ice sheet runoff. Results are analyzed in combination with observations of bathymetry, bed elevation, ice front retreat, and glacier speed. We calculate that subaqueous melt rates are 2–3 times larger in summer compared to winter and doubled in magnitude since the 1990s due to enhanced subglacial runoff and 1.6 ± 0.3°C warmer ocean temperature. Umiamako and Kangilerngata retreated rapidly in the 2000s when subaqueous melt rates exceeded the calving rates and ice front retreated to deeper bed elevation. In contrast, Store, Kangerdlugssup, and Rinks have remained stable because their subaqueous melt rates are 3–4 times lower than their calving rates, i.e., the glaciers are dominated by calving processes.
Ice flow dynamics and mass loss of Totten Glacier, East Antarctica, from 1989 to 2015
Authors: Li Xin , Rignot Eric , Mouginot Jeremie , Scheuchl Bernd 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTotten Glacier has the largest ice discharge in East Antarctica and a basin grounded mostly below sea level. Satellite altimetry data have revealed ice thinning in areas of fast flow. Here we present a time series of ice velocity measurements spanning from 1989 to 2015 using Landsat and interferometric synthetic‐aperture radar data, combined with ice thickness from Operation IceBridge, and surface mass balance from Regional Atmospheric Climate Model. We find that the glacier speed exceeded its balance speed in 1989–1996, slowed down by 11 ± 12% in 2000 to bring its ice flux in balance with accumulation (65 ± 4 Gt/yr), then accelerated by 18 ± 3% until 2007, and remained constant thereafter. The average ice mass loss (7 ± 2 Gt/yr) is dominated by ice dynamics (73%). Its acceleration (0.6 ± 0.3 Gt/yr2) is dominated by surface mass balance (80%). Ice velocity apparently increased when ocean temperature was warmer, which suggests a linkage between ice dynamics and ocean temperature.