bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experiencing the impact of Marcellus Shale: a case study
Authors: Ramsaran Dave , Rousu Matthew C 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to attempt to ascertain how people who are experiencing the process of hydraulic fracturing (fracking) to extract gas, define it. A case study is done on the town of Canton in Central Pennsylvania.

Design/methodology/approach
– A combination of in-depth interviews and content analysis of town hall meetings in the area, and content analysis of articles in the local newspaper (Canton Sentinel) were used to get a sense of how the people who live in this area are experiencing the increase in natural gas extraction. The study attempts to use the notion of framing and interpretive methodology to make sense of how some people in a small town experience the process.

Findings
– The major finding is that those that benefit directly from the industry tend to have more positive evaluation than those that do not benefit directly. Even those that benefited directly had concerns about the environmental impact of fracking, however have not as yet developed an appropriate narrative with which to articulate their concerns in a coherent manner.

Originality/value
– Few studies have been done that attempt to take into consideration the point of view of those who are directly experiencing the operation of the gas companies. How local residents are interpreting the impact of the gas industry is only just emerging however understanding that process would be paramount for public policy creation after the gas industry has matured and begins to decline.
Labour force participation of elderly in India: patterns and determinants
Authors: Reddy A Bheemeshwar 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to analyse the labour force participation of older persons (aged 60 and above) in India from 1983 to 2011-2012. The paper also briefly reviews the conditions of work for the elderly and examines different socio-economic and demographic factors that are associated with labour force participation of elderly in India.Design/methodology/approach– The author uses data from repeated cross-sectional rounds of Employment and Unemployment Surveys of National Sample Survey Office from 1983 to 2011-2012. The author uses probit regression model to identify the socio-economic and demographic variables that are associated with the labour participation of the elderly in India.Findings– The results show that labour force participation rate of older persons in rural India remained almost stable between 1983 and 2011-2012, despite the rapid economic growth that India experienced during the same period. Further, the results show that among the elderly, those who belong to relatively poor socio-economic status are more likely to participate in the labour force. It is observed that large percentage of the elderly workforce are engaged in poorly paid jobs in the informal sector, either as casual workers or as self-employed in low-skilled or unskilled occupations.Research limitations/implications– This paper is mostly descriptive in its analysis and it only points to the possible socio-economic and demographic determinants of elderly labour force participation in India.Originality/value– Given that the studies on employment of elderly in India are scanty, this paper provides new evidence on changes in labour force participation of elderly over last three decades. Further, this study makes an attempts to understand who among the elderly most likely to participation in labour force in India.
Prioritizing lean management practices in public and private hospitals
Authors: Hussain Matloub , Malik Mohsin 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to prioritize 21 healthcare wastes in public and private hospitals of United Arab Emirates (UAE).

Design/methodology/approach
– Seven healthcare wastes linked with lean management are further decomposed in to sub-criteria and to deal with this complexity of multi criteria decision-making process, analytical hierarchical process (AHP) method is used in this research.

Findings
– AHP framework for this study resulted in a ranking of 21 healthcare wastes in public and private hospitals of UAE. It has been found that management in private healthcare systems of UAE is putting more emphasis on the inventory waste. On the other hand, over processing waste has got highest weight in public hospitals of UAE.

Research limitations/implications
– The future directions of this research would be to apply a lean set of tools for the value stream optimization of the prioritized key improvement areas.

Practical implications
– This is a contribution to the continuing research into lean management, giving practitioners and designers a practical way for measuring and implementing lean practices across health organizations.

Originality/value
– The contribution of this research, through successive stages of data collection, measurement analysis and refinement, is a set of reliable and valid framework that can be subsequently used in conceptualization, prioritization of the waste reduction strategies in healthcare management.
Evaluating a physician leadership development program – a mixed methods approach
Authors: Throgmorton Cheryl , Mitchell Trey , Morley Tom , Snyder Marijo 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– With the extent of change in healthcare today, organizations need strong physician leaders. To compensate for the lack of physician leadership education, many organizations are sending physicians to external leadership programs or developing in-house leadership programs targeted specifically to physicians. The purpose of this paper is to outline the evaluation strategy and outcomes of the inaugural year of a Physician Leadership Academy (PLA) developed and implemented at a Michigan-based regional healthcare system.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors applied the theoretical framework of Kirkpatrick’s four levels of evaluation and used surveys, observations, activity tracking, and interviews to evaluate the program outcomes. The authors applied grounded theory techniques to the interview data.

Findings
– The program met targeted outcomes across all four levels of evaluation. Interview themes focused on the significance of increasing self-awareness, building relationships, applying new skills, and building confidence.

Research limitations/implications
– While only one example, this study illustrates the importance of developing the evaluation strategy as part of the program design. Qualitative research methods, often lacking from learning evaluation design, uncover rich themes of impact. The study supports how a PLA program can enhance physician learning, engagement, and relationship building throughout and after the program. Physician leaders’ partnership with organization development and learning professionals yield results with impact to individuals, groups, and the organization.

Originality/value
– Few studies provide an in-depth review of evaluation methods and outcomes of physician leadership development programs. Healthcare organizations seeking to develop similar in-house programs may benefit applying the evaluation strategy outlined in this study.
Using systems thinking to support clinical system transformation
Authors: Best Allan , Berland Alex , Herbert Carol , Bitz Jennifer , van Dijk Marlies W , Krause Christina , Cochrane Douglas , Noel Kevin , Marsden Julian , McKeown Shari , Millar John 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– The British Columbia Ministry of Health’s Clinical Care Management initiative was used as a case study to better understand large-scale change (LSC) within BC’s health system. Using a complex system framework, the purpose of this paper is to examine mechanisms that enable and constrain the implementation of clinical guidelines across various clinical settings.

Design/methodology/approach
– Researchers applied a general model of complex adaptive systems plus two specific conceptual frameworks (realist evaluation and system dynamics mapping) to define and study enablers and constraints. Focus group sessions and interviews with clinicians, executives, managers and board members were validated through an online survey.

Findings
– The functional themes for managing large-scale clinical change included: creating a context to prepare clinicians for health system transformation initiatives; promoting shared clinical leadership; strengthening knowledge management, strategic communications and opportunities for networking; and clearing pathways through the complexity of a multilevel, dynamic system.

Research limitations/implications
– The action research methodology was designed to guide continuing improvement of implementation. A sample of initiatives was selected; it was not intended to compare and contrast facilitators and barriers across all initiatives and regions. Similarly, evaluating the results or process of guideline implementation was outside the scope; the methods were designed to enable conversations at multiple levels – policy, management and practice – about how to improve implementation. The study is best seen as a case study of LSC, offering a possible model for replication by others and a tool to shape further dialogue.

Practical implications
– Recommended action-oriented strategies included engaging local champions; supporting local adaptation for implementation of clinical guidelines; strengthening local teams to guide implementation; reducing change fatigue; ensuring adequate resources; providing consistent communication especially for front-line care providers; and supporting local teams to demonstrate the clinical value of the guidelines to their colleagues.

Originality/value
– Bringing a complex systems perspective to clinical guideline implementation resulted in a clear understanding of the challenges involved in LSC.
Strategic management cultures: historical connections with science
Authors: Abreu Pederzini Gerardo David 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe implicit and indirect influence of classical science on strategic management has been of utmost importance in the development of the discipline. Classical science has underpinned the main and even contrasting strategic management cultures. Classical science has undoubtedly allowed strategic management to thrive. Nevertheless, important limitations, roadblocks and challenges have also been produced. This paper aims to explore the influence of classical science on the main positivist and interpretive strategic management cultures.Design/methodology/approachA conceptual review is done on the influence of classical science on positivist and interpretivist traditions in strategic management.FindingsThe benefits and shortcomings of classical science in strategic management are explored and presented. Furthermore, the convoluted implicit relationship between strategic management and science is shown to be changing but persisting, as to face some of the challenges of the classical science culture of strategic management, a complexity culture, also inspired partially on science, seems to be developing in strategic management. Complexity seems to be emerging as an alternative, which might allow strategic management to solve some of its current dilemmas and, thus, change its implicit relationship with science.Originality/valueThe paper presents a novel way to conceptualize historical cultures of strategic management via their connection with academic cultures that have historically emerged from science. Through the analysis here done, a possible candidate for a Kuhninan normal strategic management and its potential revolution will be suggested, based on the recognition of the inheritance of classical science and currently complexity theory in strategic management.
The legitimacy of IFRS
Authors: Wingard Christa , Bosman Jan , Amisi Bright 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to assess the influences on the due process of standard-setting with reference to the legitimacy of the financial reporting “soft law” that is International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).

Design/methodology/approach
This study uses a literature review to analyse the governance structures, due process steps, staffing and funding of IFRS standard-setting activities. The study also uses descriptive statistics to analyse constituent participation during the development of two IFRS standards. The mean, median and standard deviation are used as measures of location and dispersion when analysing constituent participation.

Findings
IFRS governance structures are dominated by G20 countries. The International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) depends on international accounting firms, the European Commission and the G8 countries for its financial viability. Well-resourced national standard-setters, major international companies, international accounting firms and educational institutions are able to second their staff to the IASB thereby providing them with direct lobbying opportunities. The IFRS due process procedures provide opportunities for participation but actual participation is dominated by constituents from Europe with African and South American constituents the least active.

Practical Implications
IFRS are required or permitted in over 100 countries. The IASB, with no legal or formal mandate, is performing a task normally reserved for national standard-setters. The legitimacy of IFRS is questionable if the standard-setting due process is perceived as invalid.

Originality/value
The global financial crisis exposed weaknesses in the IFRS due process when the IASB amended IAS 39 without following the due process. African and South American standard-setters should take note that their lack of participation in IFRS standard-setting, coupled with the influence of powerful stakeholders on IFRS standard-setting, could result in standards not relevant for their regions.
A family business perspective on emergence and potential of mass retail industry in India
Authors: Prabhakar Guru Prakash , Saran Pankaj 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies.

Design/methodology/approach
This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context.

Findings
This article helps to understand the mind-set and leadership qualities of leaders hailing from family-run businesses in India.

Practical implications
The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations.

Originality/value
The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
Faunal community consequence of interspecific bark trait dissimilarity in early‐stage decomposing logs
Authors: Zuo Juan , Berg Matty P. , Klein Roy , Nusselder Jasper , Neurink Gert , Decker Orsi , Hefting Mariet M. , Sass‐Klaassen Ute , van Logtestijn Richard S. P. , Goudzwaard Leo , van Hal Jurgen , Sterck Frank J. , Poorter Lourens , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryDead tree trunks have significant ecosystem functions related to biodiversity and biogeochemical cycles. When lying on the soil surface, they are colonized by an array of invertebrate fauna, but what determines their community composition is still unclear.We apply community assembly theory to colonization of tree logs by invertebrates. During early decomposition, the attached bark is critically important as an environment filter for community assembly through habitat provision. Specifically, we hypothesized that the more dissimilar bark traits were between tree species, the more their faunal community compositions would differ.We tested this hypothesis by investigating the effects of bark traits on the invertebrate communities in the early‐decomposing logs of 11 common, temperate tree species placed in the ‘common garden’ experimentLOGLIFE. Bark traits included bark looseness, fissure index, outer bark thickness, ratio of inner to outer bark thickness, punch resistance, water storage capacity and barkpH. The predominant faunal groups studied were Annelida, Isopoda, Chilopoda, Diplopoda, Diptera and Coleoptera.Our results showed (i) strong interspecific differences in bark traits, (ii) that bark traits related to environmental buffering had profound effects on the abundance of specific invertebrate groups, and (iii) the higher the overall bark trait dissimilarity between tree species, the more dissimilar these tree species were in faunal community composition, and the higher was the joint invertebrate family richness.A suite of bark traits together has fundamental afterlife effects on invertebrate community assembly, strongly filtering the colonizing invertebrates in early‐decomposing logs, driving variation in their community composition and diversity. Our findings indicate that bark trait dissimilarity among tree species in forest stands is likely a better indicator of early‐phase dead trunk fauna diversity than tree species diversityper se.Alay summaryis available for this article.
An exploratory international study into occupational therapy students' perceptions of professional identity
Authors: Ashby Samantha E. , Adler Jessica , Herbert Lisa 
Published: April 2016

Background/aimThe successful development and maintenance of professional identity is associated with professional development and retention in the health workforce. This paper explores students' perspectives on the ways pre‐entry experiences and curricula content shape professional identity.MethodsAn online cross‐sectional survey was sent to students enrolled in the final year of entry‐level programmes in five countries. Descriptive statistical analyses of data were completed.ResultsThe results reflect the perceptions of 319 respondents from five countries. Respondents identified professional education (98%) and professional socialisation during placement (92%) as curricula components with the greatest influence on professional identity formation. Discipline‐specific knowledge such as, occupation‐focussed models and occupational science were ranked lower than these aspects of practice. The students' length of programme and level of entry‐level programme did not impact on these results.ConclusionWhen designing curricula educators need to be mindful that students perceive practice education and professional socialisation have the greatest affect on professional identity formation. The findings reinforce the need for curricula to provide students with a range of practice experiences, which allow the observation and application of occupation‐based practices. It highlights a need for educators to provide university‐based curricula activities, which better prepare students for a potential dissonance between explicit occupation‐based curricula and observed practice education experiences. The study indicates the need for further research into the role curricula content, and in particular practice education, plays in the multidimensional formation of professional development within entry‐level programmes.
A pilot play‐based intervention to improve the social play interactions of children with autism spectrum disorder and their typically developing playmates
Authors: Henning Belindi , Cordier Reinie , Wilkes‐Gillan Sarah , Falkmer Torbjorn 
Published: April 2016

Background/aimOccupational therapists play a key role in addressing the social difficulties of children with ASD. However, interventions are often time intensive, without outcomes generalising beyond the clinic setting. To examine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of an intervention to address the social play skills of children with ASD.MethodsParticipants in this multiple case study design were five children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), five typically developing playmates and five parents of children with ASD. Two therapists and parents delivered the intervention involving clinic play sessions and home modules. Parents' treatment adherence was recorded. The Test of Playfulness was scored by a blinded rater to examine child outcomes following the intervention. Line graphs were used to examine case data. Percentage of non‐overlapping data (PND) was used to calculate the single‐case effect size for each child.ResultsParents completed 92.2% of the intervention. Children's case data showed an upwards trend from pre‐ to post‐intervention in four of the five pairs (child with ASD and playmate). However, there was a decrease in scores from post‐intervention to the two‐month home follow‐up for all but one pair. PND indicated the intervention was effective for two children with ASD and three of their playmates, had a questionable effect on three children with ASD and no observable effect on two playmates.ConclusionThe intervention demonstrated preliminary feasibility and effectiveness for improving the social play skills of some children with ASD. Careful consideration is needed to identify which children with ASD and which playmates would be best suited for this intervention approach.
Pyomelanin‐producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa selected during chronic infections have a large chromosomal deletion which confers resistance to pyocins
Authors: Hocquet Didier , Petitjean Marie , Rohmer Laurence , Valot Benoît , Kulasekara Hemantha D. , Bedel Elodie , Bertrand Xavier , Plésiat Patrick , Köhler Thilo , Pantel Alix , Jacobs Michael A. , Hoffman Lucas R. , Miller Samuel I. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWhen bacterial lineages make the transition from free‐living to permanent association with hosts, they can undergo massive gene losses, for which the selective forces within host tissues are unknown. We identified here melanogenic clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with large chromosomal deletions (66 to 270 kbp) and characterized them to investigate how they were selected. When compared with their wild‐type parents, melanogenic mutants (i) exhibited a lower fitness in growth conditions found in human tissues, such as hyperosmolarity and presence of aminoglycoside antibiotics, (ii) narrowed their metabolic spectrum with a growth disadvantage with particular carbon sources, including aromatic amino acids and acyclic terpenes, suggesting a reduction of metabolic flexibility. Despite an impaired fitness in rich media, melanogenic mutants can inhibit their wild‐type parents and compete with them in coculture. Surprisingly, melanogenic mutants became highly resistant to two intraspecific toxins, the S‐pyocins AP41 and S1. Our results suggest that pyocins produced within a population of infecting P. aeruginosa may have selected for bacterial mutants that underwent massive gene losses and that were adapted to the life in diverse bacterial communities in the human host. Intraspecific interactions may therefore be an important factor driving the continuing evolution of pathogens during host infections.