bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards Responsible Citizenry: Conceptual Framework and the Way Forward
Authors: Khalid Rahman  
Published: March 2016

Islamic teachings and beliefs present the conceptual framework for preparing responsible and concerned citizens, while the acts of worship provide the training and upbringing of individuals and society for the purpose. A Muslim cannot stand indifferent to the needs and requirements of fellow human beings as well as towards the protection and judicious utilization of the nature and natural resources — aimed at comprehensive and all-round development of individual, society and the planet. With 97 percent population being Muslim, the sense of civic responsibility and obligations towards society finds solid ideological footings in Pakistan. It may be cemented further with spread of Islamic teachings, strengthening and channelizing the role of mosque, sensitization through media and synergizing the educational system, particularly the curriculum, for this grand purpose. The government's role Vis-à-vis providing an enabling environment, remains pivotal.
An earlier version of the paper was presented in the seminar titled Promoting Civic Responsibility in Technical Universities of Pakistan, organized by Centre for Policy Studies, COMSATS Institute of Information and Technology, Islamabad on November 26, 2013.
The Slum Film Festival in Nairobi: Exploring cinematic representation from the urban margins
Authors: Olivieri Federico , Wong Joshua Michael 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Since the introduction of digital film-making in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya, there has been an unprecedented growth of audio-visual production by individuals within these communities despite the fact that venues for local exhibition were virtually non-existent. In 2011, a specific film event called the Slum Film Festival (SFF) was created to both recognize these unique, self-mediated representations from the slums and to screen these films for their own internal audiences. In this article, we will question how mainstream media relegates slum communities to the margins of formal urban life by documenting some of the aspects that led to the creation of this particular film festival and commenting on some of its selected films. By using qualitative information from literature review, first-hand professional experience of the authors in Nairobi and interviews with SFF participants, we will analyse external and internal perceptions of the slums through its films, which compose a ‘slum filmography’ resulting in a more diverse understanding of Kenya’s main urban slums and more complex definitions of identity.
Cinematographic techniques in three Kenyan films
Authors: Diang’a Rachael 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
This study investigates cinematography in Kenyan feature films from 1980 to 2010. Informed by Michael Rabiger’s (2008) view of film form as the manner in which content is presented, it is grounded on the assumption that the formal trajectories of the Kenyan feature films in the industry’s first three decades have been shaped, to a large extent by certain historical, economic or sociopolitical dynamics that characterized the country in that period. Three films, Kolormask (Gamba, 1986), Saikati (Mungai, 1992) and Unseen, Unsung, Unforgotten (Ombogo-Scott and Mbuthia, 2008) are analysed to form a basis for this discussion. Each of the three films represents a decade in the history of feature film making in post-independent Kenya. A film represents a decade because the rate of film production per year was extremely low as the industry began. This continues to change today. Text analysis and interviews with film-makers form the larger sources of primary data for this study.
Proofs of some conjectures on monotonicity of ratios of Kummer, Gauss and generalized hypergeometric functions
Authors: Sitnik Sergei M. , Mehrez Khaled 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn 1993 one of the authors formulated some conjectures on monotonicity of ratios for exponential series sections. These lead to a more general conjecture on monotonicity of ratios of Kummer hypergeometric functions, which remained open ever since. In this paper we prove some conjectures for Kummer hypergeometric functions and its further generalizations for Gauss and generalized hypergeometric functions. The results are also closely connected with Turán-type inequalities.
2. Beneficial Aspects of Inulin Supplementation as a Fructooligosaccharide Prebiotic in Monogastric Animal Nutrition – A Review
Authors: Kozłowska Izabela , Marć-Pieńkowska Joanna , Bednarczyk Marek 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Inulin is widely used as a prebiotic additive in the nutrition of farm animals and pets. This fructooligosaccharide demonstrates a beneficial effect on host health by stimulating the growth and development of commensal bacterial species inhabiting the large intestine. Used for example in the feeding of piglets, inulin greatly enhances their daily body weight gains and also reduces the risk of anemia (Tako et al., 2008). In poultry, in the case of meat breeds, inulin provides better feed utilization, increases the daily gains and the final carcass weight (Ammerman et al., 1988). In laying hens, it positively stimulates the production of eggs (Chen et al., 2005). The addition of prebiotics in the diet of dogs has a positive effect on the concentration of the end products of sugar and protein fermentation in the colon, thus contributing to the health status and good condition of the animal (Flickinger et al., 2003 b; Middelbos et al., 2007). Moreover, inulin beneficially affects the efficiency of the immune system of the organism (including the anticarcinogenic properties) (Kelly-Quagliana et al., 1998), as well as lipids and the cholesterol metabolism by effectively reducing their concentrations in the blood serum (Grela et al., 2014 a). This paper characterizes inulin as a prebiotic additive in the diet of selected species of monogastric animals. In addition, data about the hypolipidemic and immunostimulatory properties of inulin are presented.
Molecular Cytogenetics in the Diagnostics of Balanced Chromosome Mutations in the Pig (Sus scrofa) – A Review
Authors: Danielak-Czech Barbara , Kozubska-Sobocińska Anna , Rejduch Barbara 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Continually improved cytogenetic techniques (differential staining and high resolution banding techniques), complemented with the molecular genetics methods (FISH and PRINS), enable chromosomal mutations to be accurately identified in the karyotype of the pig (Sus scrofa). The major breeding problem are balanced mutations because of their hidden nature, as they affect the animals with normal body conformation (and normal semen parameters in boars), which transfer these aberrations to the next generations and disseminate in the population. This refers to the structural rearrangements (translocations and inversions), causing developmental abnormalities and considerably reducing fertility and productivity parameters in breeding herds, which results in substantial financial losses. Routine karyotype screening using modern cytomolecular diagnostic methods is necessary due to the potential emergence of new mutations and the rapid spread of these genetic defects in the population, especially under artificial insemination conditions.
Is depth information and optical flow helpful for visual control?
Authors: Hansen Johannes , Ebner Marc 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The human visual system was shaped through natural evolution. We have used artificial evolution to investigate whether depth information and optical flow are helpful for visual control. Our experiments were carried out in simulation. The task was controlling a simulated racing car. We have used The Open Racing Car Simulator for our experiments. Genetic programming was used to evolve visual algorithms that transform input images (color, optical flow, or depth information) to control commands for a simulated racing car. We found that significantly better solutions were found when color, depth, and optical flow were available as input together compared with color, depth, or optical flow alone.
Modelling of the Quality Management of the Human Resource Training
Authors: Bucur Amelia 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
It is known that for the scientific substantiation of quality management have been applied models that pertain to mathematical statistics, the probability theory, the information theory, fuzzy systems, graphic methods, time series, and algebraic and numerical methods.
The models are designed to identify certain flaws and to prevent failures, but also to develop goals based on the implementation of the proposed solutions.
The models are recommendations for the identification of opportunities to improve the quality management of human resource training and to make changes in the attitudes and actions performed by the management of organizations.
This paper sets forth a new result that use the concept of global indicator.
Threats and Risks Generated by Illegal Migration Flows and Their Control
Authors: Tarnu Lucian Ioan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Migration has existed since the beginning of mankind. The phenomenon has not been ceased in time, but it has changed and acquired new forms. Migration processes are conducted simultaneously and they are increasing in many countries. One of the long term results of this development could be the emergence of multicultural societies, tending towards new concepts of citizenship or national state. Most of the developed countries have become diversified and multiethnic societies, and those who have not reached this level yet, have turned decisively in this direction.
The social consequences of migration are as important as its influence on the economy. The regulation of the migration processes supposes the application of legal, administrative and socio-economic measures that are aimed to stimulate or limit the migration of population in or from the country, to ensure the respect of the migrants’ rights, to fight against both the illegal migration and illicit trafficking in human beings.
Attitudes of older mobile phone users towards mobile phones
Authors: Vicente Paula , Lopes Inês 
Published: March 2016

AbstractResearch on mobile technology adoption has focused predominantly on young adults, and little attention has been paid to older people. But with rapidly aging populations in most developed countries, and evidence from many studies that older adults are as capable of adopting and using mobile technology as everybody else, the academic, business and technology industry worlds are devoting more attention to this group. Research has already demonstrated that older people differ from young people in their perceptions, preferences and usage of mobile technology, but there are also differences within the older adults group regarding mobile technology adoption. Using data from a mobile phone survey, this study identifies segments of mobile phone users among older adults based on their attitudes towards mobile phones, and describes the underlying differences between these segments in terms of key values towards mobile phone communications, mobile phone use, and socio-demographics. The analysis led to the identification of three distinct segments, designated as “Apathetic”, “Social and hedonic” and “Busy and active”.
Late adopters can be fast: The case of digital television
Authors: Vejlgaard Henrik 
Published: March 2016

AbstractA nation-wide, in-process study of digital television adoption shows what happens to the innovation-decision period when there is a deadline for phasing-out obsolete technology and simultaneously introducing a new continuing technology. In studies without a deadline the innovation-decision period gets longer with time. In this study, with a deadline the innovation-decision period gets shorter with time. If there is a clear-cut date for discontinuing an analogue service and introducing a new continuing digital service, late adopters can act fast and adopt the new digital technology in time for a deadline. This is contrary to their normal behavior. In the classic diffusion research late adopters were both socially and communicatively isolated. It is suggested that today late adopters may be socially – but not communicatively – isolated.
Effect of intercropping carrot (Daucus carota L.) with two aromatic plants, coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) and summer savory (Satureja hortensis L.), on the population density of select carrot pests
Authors: Jankowska Beata , Wojciechowicz-Żytko Elżbieta 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Intercropping, or the use of different aspects of the interaction between organisms in ecosystems, can be classified as an ecological method that limits harmful human interference in the environment, especially the consumption of chemicals. The impact of intercropping carrot with coriander Coriandrum sativum L. and summer savory Satureja hortensis L. on the occurrence of select carrot pests was estimated in the years 2010-2011. Intercropping had a significant effect on the decrease of the number of roots damaged by carrot rust fly Psila rosae. During harvest, the least number of damaged roots was observed in combination with summer savory S. hortensis L. The number of carrot psyllid Trioza viridula Zett. and aphids on carrot leaves and roots damaged by nematodes was significantly lower on plots where carrot was intercropped. Intercropping both herbs had a positive influence on the number of beneficial insects. In all of the years of the study, the highest number of Coccinellidae and Syrphidae were observed on plots where carrot was intercropped with coriander.
Review: Monoclonal Antibody Drugs for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus / Моноклональные Антитела При Лечении Системной Красной Волчанки
Authors: Kamenarska Zornitsa G. , Hristova Maria H. , Vinkov Anton I. , Dourmishev Lyubomir A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease which engages most of the immune cells in its development. Various studies concerning the application of antibodies against TNF-α, BlyS, CD20, CD22, IL-6R and complement factors in treatment of SLE have been recently conducted and in spite of the good results reported by some of them, no definite conclusion on their risk-benefit profile can be drawn. The current review summarizes the results obtained in the field and reveals the perspectives for the development of new and more effective strategies for SLE treatment in combination with other immunomodulating drugs.
Clinical Investigations. Comparison of Directigen Flu A+B with Real Time PCR in the Diagnosis of Influenza / Сравнение Иммунохроматографического Метода (Directigen Flu A+B) И Теста RT-PCR При Инфекциях Гриппа
Authors: Bosevska Golubinka , Panovski Nikola , Janceska Elizabeta , Mikik Vladimir , Topuzovska Irena Kondova , Milenkovik Zvonko 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEarly diagnosis and treatment of patients with influenza is the reason why physicians need rapid high-sensitivity influenza diagnostic tests that require no complex lab equipment and can be performed and interpreted within 15 min. The Aim of this study was to compare the rapid Directigen Flu A+B test with real time PCR for detection of influenza viruses in the Republic of Macedonia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred-eight respiratory samples (combined nose and throat swabs) were routinely collected for detection of influenza virus during influenza seasons. Forty-one patients were pediatric cases and 59 were adult. Their mean age was 23 years. The patients were allocated into 6 age groups: 0 - 4 yrs, 5 - 9 yrs, 10 - 14 yrs, 15 - 19 yrs, 20-64 yrs and > 65 yrs. Each sample was tested with Directigen Flu A+B and CDC real time PCR kit for detection and typisation/subtypisation of influenza according to the lab diagnostic protocol. RESULTS: Directigen Flu A+B identified influenza A virus in 20 (18.5%) samples and influenza B virus in two 2 (1.9%) samples. The high specificity (100%) and PPV of Directigen Flu A+B we found in our study shows that the positive results do not need to be confirmed. The overall sensitivity of Directigen Flu A+B is 35.1% for influenza A virus and 33.0% for influenza B virus. The sensitivity for influenza A is higher among children hospitalized (45.0%) and outpatients (40.0%) versus adults. CONCLUSION: Directigen Flu A+B has relatively low sensitivity for detection of influenza viruses in combined nose and throat swabs. Negative results must be confirmed.
Dental Investigations. Impact Of Dental Anxiety On The Decision To Have Implant Treatment / Влияние Стоматологической Тревожности На Выбор Имплантологического Лечения
Authors: Lalabonova Christina K. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Dental implants are increasingly used in modern dentistry as anchors for prosthetic restorations. Anxiety is a complex phenomenon which can become a risk factor for suppression of many functions of the body. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect dental anxiety exerts on the choice of method of treatment by patients wanting to have dental implants. Materials and methods: The study included 174 patients that were referred to us for dental implants placement because of partial or total loss of teeth. Their dental anxiety was measured using the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) proposed by Norman Corah. The patients decided to have or refused to have treatment with dental implants either because they had dental anxiety or gave other reasons. Results: Distribution of patients by level of anxiety was as follows: 33% were anxiety free, in 34% the dental anxiety was moderate, 25% had severe anxiety, and 8% experienced an extremely severe anxiety. Dental fear was given as a reason for refusal of treatment by 24.1% of the patients wanting to have dental implants. Of the patients wanting to have dental implants, 40.8% decided to proceed with the treatment; these patients exhibited low dental anxiety. Conclusion: The decision to have dental treatment with implants is affected by the patient’s level of dental anxiety. Only those with low level of dental anxiety decide to proceed with such a treatment. The mild anxiety some patients experience is beneficial as it eliminates a risk factor that may hinder the process of osseointegration.
Cross-Cultural Validation of the Definition of Multimorbidity in the Bulgarian Language / Культуральная Валидность Определения Полиморбидности В Болгарском Языке
Authors: Assenova Radost S. , Le Reste Jean Yves , Foreva Gergana H. , Mileva Daniela S. , Czachowski Slawomir , Sowinska Agnieszka , Nabbe Patrice , Argyriadou Stella , Lazic Djurdjica , Hasaganic Melida , Lingner Heidrun , Lygidakis Harris , Muñoz Miguel-Angel , Claveria Ana , Doerr Chista , Van Marwijk Harm , Van Royen Paul , Lietard Claire 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Multimorbidity is a health issue with growing importance. During the last few decades the populations of most countries in the world have been ageing rapidly. Bulgaria is affected by the issue because of the high prevalence of ageing population in the country with multiple chronic conditions. The AIM of the present study was to validate the translated definition of multimorbidity from English into the Bulgarian language. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is part of an international project involving 8 national groups. We performed a forward and backward translation of the original English definition of multimorbidity using a Delphi consensus procedure. RESULTS: The physicians involved accepted the definition with a high percentage of agreement in the first round. The backward translation was accepted by the scientific committee using the Nominal group technique. DISCUSSION: Some of the GPs provided comments on the linguistic expressions which arose in order to improve understanding in Bulgarian. The remarks were not relevant to the content. The conclusion of the discussion, using a meta-ethnographic approach, was that the differences were acceptable and no further changes were required. CONCLUSIONS: A native version of the published English multimorbidity definition has been finalized. This definition is a prerequisite for better management of multimorbidity by clinicians, researchers and policy makers.
An On-Line Method for Thermal Diffusivity Detection of Thin Films Using Infrared Video
Authors: Dong Huilong , Zheng Boyu , Chen Feifan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A novel method for thermal diffusivity evolution of thin-film materials with pulsed Gaussian beam and infrared video is reported. Compared with common pulse methods performed in specialized labs, the proposed method implements a rapid on-line measurement without producing the off-centre detection error. Through mathematical deduction of the original heat conduction model, it is discovered that the area s, which is encircled by the maximum temperature curve rTMAX(θ), increases linearly over elapsed time. The thermal diffusivity is acquired from the growth rate of the area s. In this study, the off-centre detection error is avoided by performing the distance regularized level set evolution formulation. The area s was extracted from the binary images of temperature variation rate, without inducing errors from determination of the heat source centre. Thermal diffusivities of three materials, 304 stainless steel, titanium, and zirconium have been measured with the established on-line detection system, and the measurement errors are: −2.26%, −1.07%, and 1.61% respectively.
Metrological Analysis of Precision of the System of Delivering a Water Capsule for Explosive Production of Water Aerosol
Authors: Śmigielski Grzegorz , Toczek Wojciech , Dygdała Roman , Stefański Krzysztof 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this paper precision of the system controlling delivery by a helicopter of a water capsule designed for extinguishing large scale fires is analysed. The analysis was performed using a numerical method of distribution propagation (the Monte Carlo method) supplemented with results of application of the uncertainty propagation method. In addition, the optimum conditions for the airdrop are determined to ensure achieving the maximum area covered by the water capsule with simultaneous preserving the precision level necessary for efficient fire extinguishing.
Static Characteristics of Air Gauges Applied in the Roundness Assessment
Authors: Jermak Czesław J. , Rucki Mirosław 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In the article, analysis of the work conditions and the metrological characteristics of the air gauges dedicated for the roundness assessment is described. To reach the required accuracy of the acquired data, the phenomena of gas dynamics had to be analyzed in the whole flow through elements of the air gauge. A model based on the second critical parameters was used, because it reflects the true processes of the air flow. As a result, fast and accurate simulations provided series of the characteristics to be considered. Nevertheless, the chosen air gauge configuration underwent the experimental verification of its metrological characteristics. Finally, the entire measurement system Geoform with the gauge head based on the chosen air gauges underwent the accuracy test in order to make sure of its overall measurement quality.