bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development and optimisation of a primary care-based whole system complex intervention (CARE Plus) for patients with multimorbidity living in areas of high socioeconomic deprivation
Authors: Mercer Stewart William , O'Brien Rosaleen , Fitzpatrick Bridie , Higgins Maria , Guthrie Bruce , Watt Graham , Wyke Sally 
Published: April 2016

Objectives To develop and optimise a primary care-based complex intervention (CARE Plus) to enhance the quality of life of patients with multimorbidity in the deprived areas. Methods Six co-design discussion groups involving 32 participants were held separately with multimorbid patients from the deprived areas, voluntary organisations, general practitioners and practice nurses working in the deprived areas. This was followed by piloting in two practices and further optimisation based on interviews with 11 general practitioners, 2 practice nurses and 6 participating multimorbid patients. Results Participants endorsed the need for longer consultations, relational continuity and a holistic approach. All felt that training and support of the health care staff was important. Most participants welcomed the idea of additional self-management support, though some practitioners were dubious about whether patients would use it. The pilot study led to changes including a revised care plan, the inclusion of mindfulness-based stress reduction techniques in the support of practitioners and patients, and the stream-lining of the written self-management support material for patients. Discussion We have co-designed and optimised an augmented primary care intervention involving a whole-system approach to enhance quality of life in multimorbid patients living in the deprived areas. CARE Plus will next be tested in a phase 2 cluster randomised controlled trial.
The impact of prophylactic pancreatic stenting on post‐ERCP pancreatitis: A nationwide, register‐based study
Authors: Olsson Greger , Lübbe Jeanne , Arnelo Urban , Jonas Eduard , Törnqvist Björn , Lundell Lars , Enochsson Lars 
Published: April 2016

Background and objectivesThe role of prophylactic pancreatic stenting (PS) in preventing post‐endoscopic retrograde cholangio‐pancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) has yet to be determined. Most previous studies show beneficial effects in reducing PEP when prophylactic pancreatic stents are used, especially in high‐risk ERCP procedures. The present study aimed to address the use of PS in a nationwide register‐based study in which the primary outcome was the prophylactic effect of PS in reducing PEP.MethodsAll ERCP‐procedures registered in the nationwide Swedish Registry for Gallstone Surgery and ERCP (GallRiks) between 2006 and 2014 were studied. The primary outcome was PEP but we also studied other peri‐ and postoperative complication rates.ResultsData from 43,595 ERCP procedures were analyzed. In the subgroup of patients who received PS with a total diameter ≤ 5 Fr, the risk of PEP increased nearly four times compared to those who received PS with a total diameter of >5 Fr (OR 3.58; 95% CI 1.40–11.07). Furthermore, patients who received PS of >5 Fr and >5 cm had a significantly lower pancreatitis frequency compared to those with shorter stents of the same diameter (1.39% vs 15.79%; p  = 0.0033).ConclusionsPS with a diameter of >5 Fr and a length of >5 cm seems to have a better protective effect against PEP, compared to shorter and thinner stents. However, in the present version of GallRiks it is not possible to differentiate the exact type of pancreatic stent (apart from material, length and diameter) that has been introduced, so our conclusion must be interpreted with caution.
Phenotypic, transcriptomic, and genomic features of clonal plasma cells in light-chain amyloidosis
Authors: Paiva Bruno , Martinez-Lopez Joaquin , Corchete Luis A. , Sanchez-Vega Beatriz , Rapado Inmaculada , Puig Noemi , Barrio Santiago , Sanchez Maria-Luz , Alignani Diego , Lasa Marta , García de Coca Alfonso , Pardal Emilia , Oriol Alberto , Garcia Maria-Esther Gonzalez , Escalante Fernando , González-López Tomás J. , Palomera Luis , Alonso José , Prosper Felipe , Orfao Alberto , Vidriales Maria-Belen , Mateos María-Victoria , Lahuerta Juan-Jose , Gutierrez Norma C. , San Miguel Jesús F. 
Published: April 2016

Key Points
Clonal PCs in AL have similar phenotypic and CNA profiles as those in MM, but their transcriptome is similar to that of normal PCs. First-ever WES in AL amyloidosis reveals potential lack of a unifying mutation.
The RP105/MD-1 complex: molecular signaling mechanisms and pathophysiological implications
Authors: Schultz Thomas E , Blumenthal Antje 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Radioprotective 105 kDa (CD180) is an unusual TLR that lacks an intracellular Toll-IL-1R signaling domain and exhibits unconventional homodimerization behavior. Differential expression and functions of radioprotective 105 kDa have been associated with immune-mediated pathologies, including infection, chronic inflammation, and autoimmune disorders. Radioprotective 105 kDa activates macrophages and B cells independently of canonical TLR signaling. Current understanding of the functional consequences of radioprotective 105 kDa signaling in B cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells indicates overlapping, but also some apparent opposing, cell-specific roles for radioprotective 105 kDa in shaping cellular functions. This review compares interactions of radioprotective 105 kDa with its coreceptors, CD19, TLR4, and TLR2; integrates recent, novel findings on radioprotective 105 kDa-mediated molecular signaling mechanisms; and summarizes current understanding of its contributions to infectious, inflammatory, and autoimmune disease.
Biomarker Tests for Molecularly Targeted Therapies: Laying the Foundation and Fulfilling the Dream
Authors: Lyman Gary H. , Moses Harold L. 
Published: April 2016

Precision medicine focuses on the management of individual patients on the basis of biomarkers and other distinguishing characteristics, with the overarching objective of improving clinical outcomes. The rapid proliferation of biomarker tests and targeted therapies has revolutionized patient care in a variety of serious disorders. Targeted cancer therapies interrupt oncogenic molecular pathways driven by mutations, overexpression, or translocation of specific genes. However, there is concern that the emergence of large-scale genomic data is exceeding our capacity to appropriately analyze and interpret the results. In 2014, the Institute of Medicine convened the Committee on Policy Issues in the Clinical Development and Use of Biomarkers for Molecularly Targeted Therapies. This committee conducted a study to develop recommendations to address diverse and interconnected development, regulatory, clinical practice, and reimbursement issues. The committee conducted an extensive search of the relevant literature and invited testimony from a wide range of experts in the field. The final report of the committee’s study and deliberations was released on March 4, 2016, focusing on ways to achieve 10 goals to further advance the development and appropriate clinical use of biomarker tests for molecularly targeted therapies. This article presents an overview of the committee’s study and resulting recommendations, which cover establishment of clinical utility, regulatory oversight, coverage and reimbursement, health system data integration, as well as education and access. The committee’s recommendations presented and discussed here are fundamentally grounded in the understanding that, when properly validated and appropriately implemented, these assays and corresponding therapies hold considerable promise to enhance the quality of patient care and improve meaningful clinical outcomes.
Feasibility Study of an Electronic Interface Between Internet-Based Survivorship Care Plans and Electronic Medical Records
Authors: Hill-Kayser Christine E. , Jacobs Linda A. , Gabriel Peter , Palmer Steven C. , Hampshire Margaret K. , Vachani Carolyn , Edge Stephen B. , Metz James M. 
Published: April 2016

Purpose: Survivorship care plans (SCPs) are recommended for all cancer survivors. Myriad barriers to implementation exist. This study was performed to evaluate the feasibility of interface development between an SCP and an electronic medical record (EMR). Methods: An information technology application was developed to extract data from the EMR in use at our center (Epic). Data were transferred to autopopulate an Internet-based tool for creation of SCPs (LIVESTRONG Care Plan) that had been previously used for the creation of more than 35,000 plans. Results: Data (demographic characteristics, surgeries, chemotherapy drugs, radiation site) were extracted from the EMR and transferred to the care plan platform, without transfer of protected health information. Care plans were created and transferred back to the EMR. During clinical testing, SCPs were created by nurse practitioners during scheduled clinic visits for 146 sequential, eligible patients (67% breast cancer, 33% colorectal cancer). All patients received completed care for a single cancer diagnosis at our institution. All data points that were automatically populated were reviewed by practitioners, and missing/blank data fields were populated manually when necessary. Data entered into generated care plans were accurate in 97% of audited cases, and the process of care plan generation could be completed in < 1 minute. Conclusion: This is a feasible solution for the autopopulation of SCPs from the EMR. It represents a future methodology through which widespread implementation of SCPs may be undertaken. Future directions include further clinical testing, assessment of provider-perceived usefulness, and integration into routine clinical care.
Low Enrollment of Adolescents and Young Adults Onto Cancer Trials: Insights From the Community Clinical Oncology Program
Authors: Roth Michael E. , O’Mara Ann M. , Seibel Nita L. , Dickens David S. , Langevin Anne-Marie , Pollock Brad H. , Freyer David R. 
Published: April 2016

Purpose: Stagnant outcomes for adolescents and young adults (AYAs; 15 to 39 years old) with cancer are partly attributed to poor enrollment onto clinical trials. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) was developed to improve clinical trial participation in the community setting, where AYAs are most often treated. Further, many CCOP sites had pediatric and medical oncologists with collaborative potential for AYA recruitment and care. For these reasons, we hypothesized that CCOP sites enrolled proportionately more AYAs than non-CCOP sites onto Children’s Oncology Group (COG) trials. Methods: For the 10-year period 2004 through 2013, the NCI Division of Cancer Prevention database was queried to evaluate enrollments into relevant COG studies. The proportional enrollment of AYAs at CCOP and non-CCOP sites was compared and the change in AYA enrollment patterns assessed. All sites were COG member institutions. Results: Although CCOP sites enrolled a higher proportion of patients in cancer control studies than non-CCOP sites (3.5% v 1.8%; P < .001), they enrolled a lower proportion of AYAs (24.1% v 28.2%, respectively; P < .001). Proportional AYA enrollment at CCOP sites decreased during the intervals 2004 through 2008 and 2009 through 2013 (26.7% v 21.7%; P < .001). Conclusion: Despite oncology practice settings that might be expected to achieve otherwise, CCOP sites did not enroll a larger proportion of AYAs in clinical trials than traditional COG institutions. Our findings suggest that the CCOP (now the NCI Community Oncology Research Program) can be leveraged for developing targeted interventions for overcoming AYA enrollment barriers.
Nuclear transport of paxillin depends on focal adhesion dynamics and FAT domains
Authors: Sathe Aneesh R. , Shivashankar G. V. , Sheetz Michael P. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The nuclear transport of paxillin appears to be crucial for paxillin function but the mechanism of transport remains unclear. Here, we show that the nuclear transport of paxillin is regulated by focal adhesion turnover and the presence of FAT domains. Focal adhesion turnover was controlled using triangular or circular fibronectin islands. Circular islands caused higher focal adhesion turnover and increased the nuclear transport of paxillin relative to triangular islands. Mutating several residues of paxillin had no effect on its nuclear transport, suggesting that the process is controlled by multiple domains. Knocking out FAK (also known as PTK2) and vinculin caused an increase in nuclear paxillin. This could be reversed by rescue with wild-type FAK but not by FAK with a mutated FAT domain, which inhibits paxillin binding. Expressing just the FAT domain of FAK not only brought down nuclear levels of paxillin but also caused a large immobile fraction of paxillin to be present at focal adhesions, as demonstrated by fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) studies. Taken together, focal adhesion turnover and FAT domains regulate the nuclear localization of paxillin, suggesting a possible role for transcriptional control, through paxillin, by focal adhesions.
Together, the IFT81 and IFT74 N-termini form the main module for intraflagellar transport of tubulin
Authors: Kubo Tomohiro , Brown Jason M. , Bellve Karl , Craige Branch , Craft Julie M. , Fogarty Kevin , Lechtreck Karl F. , Witman George B. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
The assembly and maintenance of most cilia and flagella rely on intraflagellar transport (IFT). Recent in vitro studies have suggested that, together, the calponin-homology domain within the IFT81 N-terminus and the highly basic N-terminus of IFT74 form a module for IFT of tubulin. By using Chlamydomonas mutants for IFT81 and IFT74, we tested this hypothesis in vivo. Modification of the predicted tubulin-binding residues in IFT81 did not significantly affect basic anterograde IFT and length of steady-state flagella but slowed down flagellar regeneration, a phenotype similar to that seen in a strain that lacks the IFT74 N-terminus. In both mutants, the frequency of tubulin transport by IFT was greatly reduced. A double mutant that combined the modifications to IFT81 and IFT74 was able to form only very short flagella. These results indicate that, together, the IFT81 and IFT74 N-termini are crucial for flagellar assembly, and are likely to function as the main module for IFT of tubulin.
A computer model simulating human glucose absorption and metabolism in health and metabolic disease states
Authors: Naftalin Richard J. 
Published: April 2016

A computer model designed to simulate integrated glucose-dependent changes in splanchnic blood flow with small intestinal glucose absorption, hormonal and incretin circulation and hepatic and systemic metabolism in health and metabolic diseases e.g. non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, (NAFLD), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, (NASH) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, (T2DM) demonstrates how when glucagon-like peptide-1, (GLP-1) is synchronously released into the splanchnic blood during intestinal glucose absorption, it stimulates superior mesenteric arterial (SMA) blood flow and by increasing passive intestinal glucose absorption, harmonizes absorption with its distribution and metabolism. GLP-1 also synergises insulin-dependent net hepatic glucose uptake (NHGU). When GLP-1 secretion is deficient post-prandial SMA blood flow is not increased and as NHGU is also reduced, hyperglycaemia follows. Portal venous glucose concentration is also raised, thereby retarding the passive component of intestinal glucose absorption. Increased pre-hepatic sinusoidal resistance combined with portal hypertension leading to opening of intrahepatic portosystemic collateral vessels are NASH-related mechanical defects that alter the balance between splanchnic and systemic distributions of glucose, hormones and incretins.The model reveals the latent contribution of portosystemic shunting in development of metabolic disease. This diverts splanchnic blood content away from the hepatic sinuses to the systemic circulation, particularly during the glucose absorptive phase of digestion, resulting in inappropriate increases in insulin-dependent systemic glucose metabolism. This hastens onset of hypoglycaemia and thence hyperglucagonaemia. The model reveals that low rates of GLP-1 secretion, frequently associated with T2DM and NASH, may be also be caused by splanchnic hypoglycaemia, rather than to intrinsic loss of incretin secretory capacity. These findings may have therapeutic implications on GLP-1 agonist or glucagon antagonist usage.
feature article: Art film in prime time: Educational programming, cultural heritage and experimental images in early Swedish television
Authors: Wahlberg Malin 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Arts television has attracted scholarly attention because of its practice of re-representation, combined with an educational policy that aspired to teach ‘good taste’ to a broader audience. During the 1950s and the early 1960s, the educational and aesthetic merit of ‘art films’ was broadly recognized in Sweden, where a striking number of television programmes were dedicated to visual art. In 1956 an official state report described television as ‘to date [the] most promising tool for art propaganda’. Unlike related productions in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, the presentation of art films in Sweden also depended on a strong concern with film art. In addition to special programmes on art history and individual artists, broadcasts included experimental cinema and amateur competitions. This article accounts for the hybrid aesthetics and the intermedial and transnational appearance of the art film for public television, with special attention to those produced by the Swedish Film Unit. Here, ‘style’ is not only invoked as a matter of form and signature but also as an aesthetic ideal reflecting the educational directions and cultural doxa of early television programming. As a historical case study on media convergence, documentary form and modes of address in early public television, the example of the Swedish Film Unit illuminates a media history that upsets any simple boundary between film and television, recalling the important historical context of film art, documentary media cultures and broadcasting history.
feature article: (Not) Docking the Boat: A trademark comedy by Hasse&Tage
Authors: Ulfsdotter Boel 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
This article discusses the various narrative, performative and cinematic strategies of Swedish comedy team Hans Alfredson and Tage Danielsson (aka Hasse&Tage) as they moved from stage to screen through an analysis of their second film, Att angöra en brygga/Docking the Boat (Danielsson, 1965). The theoretical point of departure is the question of the relationship between classical narrative structure and plots based on a series of gags. Through a combination of formal analysis of film style and mise-en-scène in select film sequences and a general discussion of popular cultural references, gags, acting style and visual framing, the article reveals that gags in the film usually serve a narrative purpose. The sophisticated appropriation of central themes representative of New Wave aesthetics demonstrates that Docking the Boat is only partially derivative of Hasse&Tage’s ventures as stage comedians. The article concludes with a suggestion that previous experiences from a variety of media platforms had a strong impact on their ability to develop a unique and highly cinematic visual and intellectually sophisticated film style.
No Panacea Garden
Authors: Tobias Sigmund 
Published: April 2016

Essay ExcerptsThree of the seven distinguished researchers whose autobiographical chapters (Berliner, 2016; Sternberg, 2016; Sweller, 2016) I edited, and one that is in process (Gordon, in press), indicate that they were poor or indifferent students early in their academic careers. That is also true of me; so five of the first seven scholars in the Acquired Wisdom series were poor students. I did not explicitly mention my studying difficulties in this chapter because they had already been described in my memoir about how my family found safe haven from the Holocaust in Shanghai, China, during World War II (Tobias, 2009). It may be useful to examine my difficulties and how they relate to educational practice and concepts in the contemporary educational psychology literature. The late Dick Snow, a friend and colleague at Stanford, once commented that research on instructional innovations seemed to him like a random walk through the panacea garden. I have become sceptical of any instructional development, theory, or instructional method that is expected to improve learning for all students in all subjects. I have lived through prior panaceas like programmed and computer assisted instruction, multimedia education, computer games, and educational movements such as progressive, competency based, open corridor, and inquiry education, and the current panacea - constructivist instruction - from all of which I learned something. There are no panaceas that will easily improve learning for everyone, because good instruction is hard work and difficult to do. [Download the PDF ]
Summer water temperature of lowland Mazovian rivers in the context of fisheries management
Authors: Łaszewski Maksym 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Water temperatures in three upstream and three downstream profiles of the Jeziorka, Świder, and Utrata rivers were recorded in the summer period of hydrological year 2015 using digital data loggers. The measurement data was used to estimate statistical and ecological thermal parameters. The results demonstrated that water temperature in the studied lowland rivers was quite similar, except in the downstream reaches of the Utrata River, which is subjected to strong anthropogenic modification. The best thermal conditions for the survival and growth of the cold-water fish assemblage were observed upstream in the Jeziorka River in Głuchów, while the worst were downstream in the Utrata River in Nowy Łuszczewek. However, the results suggest that in quasi-natural rivers, such as the Jeziorka and Świder, cold-water fish can exist and be stocked in both the upstream and downstream segments. For the warm-water fish assemblage, the best thermal conditions were noted downstream in the Utrata River, while the worst were upstream in the Świder River; nevertheless, differences between the rivers were relatively small. The results of the analysis have practical implications for managing these waters with a view to optimizing angling and natural resources.
Protective efficiency of an inactivated vaccine against Streptococcus iniae in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Jeong Yong-Uk , Subramanian Dharaneedharan , Yeoung-Hwan Jang , Kim Dong-Hwi , Park So-Hyun , Park Kyung-il , Lee Young-Don , Heo Moon-Soo 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Streptococcus iniae is a causative agent of hemorrhagic septicemia in olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in Korea, resulting in serious economic losses. As a preventive measure, M VAC INIAE (Mastuken, Japan) was prepared from the S. iniae F2K strain and tested against the SI-36 strain prevalent on flounder fish farms on Jeju Island, Korea. F2K had a serotype of 38 (−) and SI-36 38 (+). The vaccine recognized both serotypes. It showed a very high effective immune response against S. iniae; the challenge test using the S. iniae SI-36 strain resulted in a relative percent survival (RPS) of 85.7-87.0% 2 weeks after vaccination and 71.0-80.0% 6 months after vaccination. Field vaccination and clinical challenge tests were performed at local Jeju aquafarms with S. iniae SI-36. These showed significantly reduced cumulative mortality when compared to the control group with RPS rates that ranged between 71-80%. Hence, the present study suggests that this vaccine showed a significant immune response against S. iniae and could be applied in commercial aquafarms as a therapeutic agent against β-hemolytic streptococcosis in cultured P. olivaceus.