bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term neurologic outcomes in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are proportional to bleeding severity graded by a novel bleeding scale
Authors: Doane Katherine , Guffey Danielle , Loftis Laura L , Nguyen Trung C , Musick Matthew A , Ruth Amanda , Coleman Ryan D , Teruya Jun , Allen Christine , Bembea Melania M , Boville Brian , Furlong-Dillard Jamie , Kaipa Santosh , Leimanis Mara , Malone Matthew P , Rasmussen Lindsey K , Said Ahmed , Steiner Marie E , Tzanetos Deanna T , Viamonte Heather , Wallenkamp Linda , Saini Arun 
Published: October 2024

Introduction This study aimed to characterize the severity of bleeding and its association with short-term neurologic outcomes in pediatric ECMO. Methods Multicenter retrospective cohort study of pediatric ECMO patients at 10 centers utilizing the Pediatric ECMO Outcomes Registry (PEDECOR) database from December 2013-February 2019. Subjects excluded were post-cardiac surgery patients and those with neonatal pathologies. A novel ECMO bleeding scale was utilized to categorize daily bleeding events. Poor short-term neurologic outcome was defined as an unfavorable Pediatric Cerebral Performance Category (PCPC) or Pediatric Overall Performance Category (POPC) (score of >3) at hospital discharge. Results This study included 283 pediatric ECMO patients with a median (interquartile range [IQR]) age of 1.3 years [0.1, 9.0], ECMO duration of 5 days [3.0, 9.5], and 44.1% mortality. Unfavorable PCPC and POPC were observed in 48.4% and 51.3% of patients at discharge, respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis included patient’s age, cannulation type, duration of ECMO, need for cardiopulmonary resuscitation, acute kidney injury, new infection, and vasoactive-inotropic score. As the severity of bleeding increased, there was a corresponding increase in the likelihood of poor neurologic recovery, shown by increasing odds of unfavorable neurologic outcome (PCPC), with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 0.77 (confidence interval [CI] 0.36–1.62), 1.87 (0.54–6.45), 2.97 (1.32–6.69), and 5.56 (0.59–52.25) for increasing bleeding severity (grade 1 to 4 events, respectively). Similarly, unfavorable POPC aOR (CI) was 1.02 (0.48–2.17), 2.05 (0.63–6.70), 5.29 (2.12–13.23), and 5.11 (0.66–39.64) for bleeding grade 1 to 4 events. Conclusion Short-term neurologic outcomes in pediatric ECMO are proportional to the severity of bleeding events. Strategies to mitigate bleeding events could improve neurologic recovery in pediatric ECMO.
Objective and subjective measurement in applied business settings: Improving research in organizations
Authors: Jordan Peter J , Troth Ashlea C , Yan Hongmin 
Published: October 2024

The inclusion of rigorous measures and methods by researchers often influence a reviewer’s and editor’s decision about whether an article is accepted. In positivist research, studies that include objective measures (i.e. avoiding respondent bias) are often considered superior. We argue that the methodological quality of a study is not merely achieved by including an objective measure, but instead by understanding the strengths and limitations of the measure (whether objective or subjective) and its appropriateness for addressing the research question. We consider the suitability of using objective and subjective measures in research at both macro and micro levels and emphasize the strengths and weaknesses of both, using criteria of bias, validity, reliability, sensitivity, and feasibility. As an underexamined topic in applied business research, we overview some types of objective measurement that have been adopted in the applied management discipline and consider their utility. JEL Classification: C90, D23
Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections Do Not Improve the Recovery After Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Lo Presti Mirco , Costa Giuseppe Gianluca , Agrò Giuseppe , Vasco Cosimo , Boffa Angelo , Di Martino Alessandro , Andriolo Luca , Cenacchi Annarita , Zaffagnini Stefano , Filardo Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

Background: Arthroscopic meniscectomy is one of the most performed surgical procedures in orthopaedics. Different approaches have been proposed to improve patient recovery but with unsatisfactory results. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) augmentation has been proposed as a strategy to improve the recovery after meniscectomy. Purpose: To investigate the clinical benefits of an intra-articular PRP injection after meniscectomy, in terms of faster and better patient recovery. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Ninety patients were randomized into a treatment group, with arthroscopic partial meniscectomy immediately followed by a 5-mL injection of autologous conditioned plasma, and a control group with partial meniscectomy alone. Patients were evaluated at baseline and at 15, 30, 60, and 180 days of follow-up with the visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain (primary outcome), as well as with International Knee Documentation Committee subjective score, Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score subscales, Tegner score, and EuroQol-Visual Analog Scale score. Objective evaluation was performed analyzing knee range of motion and circumference and the International Knee Documentation Committee objective score. Complications, patient judgment, and satisfaction were documented as well. Results: No major complications and an overall significant improvement in the clinical scores were observed in both groups. Overall, the comparative analysis did not demonstrate significant between-group differences in absolute values or improvements of both subjective and objective scores, as well as activity level. The improvement in terms of VAS pain score for the treatment group was significant already at 15 days (from 4.3 ± 2.5 to 2.5 ± 2.5; P = .014), while in the control group it became significant at 30 days (from 3.7 ± 2.3 to 2.0 ± 2.4; P = .004). No significant differences were observed between the 2 groups in terms of judgment of treatment results and satisfaction. Conclusion: A single postoperative injection of PRP was not able to significantly improve patient recovery after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. PRP augmentation did not provide overall benefits at a short-term follow-up (6 months) in terms of pain relief, function, objective parameters, and return-to-sport activities. Registration: NCT02872753 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier).
Distal blocking screw augmentation in ulnar intramedullary nail fixation of adult forearm diaphyseal fractures
Authors: Kim Yong Woo , Lee Sang Ki , An Young Sun 
Published: October 2024

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the effect of distal blocking screws on the stability and healing of ulnar diaphyseal fractures treated with intramedullary (IM) nails. The primary research question was whether the addition of distal blocking screws enhanced fracture stabilization and promoted faster healing than the standard IM nailing techniques. Methods This retrospective study reviewed medical records of 30 patients with ulnar diaphyseal fractures treated from February 2018 to September 2023. The patients were divided into two groups: those treated using IM nails alone ( n = 17) and those treated with using IM nails with distal blocking screws ( n = 13). The surgical time, medullary canal space, fracture healing time, and complications were assessed. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Grace and Eversmann rating system, the DASH scores, and the VAS scores. Results The addition of distal blocking screws resulted in a slightly longer surgical time (56 min vs 47 min). However, the group with distal blocking screws had smaller medullary canal space and showed significantly faster fracture healing times (2.3 months vs 3.9 months; p = .036). There were no reported complications of nonunion, nerve injury, or infection in the distal blocking screw group, whereas the IM nail-only group had one case of nonunion (5.7%). Conclusion The use of distal blocking screws in conjunction with IM nails for ulnar diaphyseal fractures improves fracture stability and promotes faster healing.
The Microneedle Revolution: Transforming Vitiligo Treatment Landscapes—A Comprehensive Review of the Literature
Authors: Alshiyab Diala , Ba-Shammakh Saleh A. , Haj-Freej Hasn M. , Al-Fakih Abdulqudos , Alsayadi Abdullah S. , Qeyam Hanadi , Alqudah Huda 
Published: October 2024

Background: Vitiligo is characterized by the emergence of depigmented patches on the skin, posing significant therapeutic challenges. Microneedling, a novel treatment strategy, capitalizes on its potential to invigorate skin regeneration and facilitate melanocyte migration. Objective: This review critically evaluates the efficacy, safety, and patient satisfaction associated with microneedling for vitiligo treatment, juxtaposing it with traditional therapies to elucidate its viability as either a standalone or complementary treatment modality. Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted across major databases, including PubMed and Cochrane Library, using keywords like “microneedling” and “vitiligo,” encompassing studies up to January 2024. This review focused on microneedling’s effectiveness, safety, and patient satisfaction, including both solo and combined treatments. Data synthesis emphasized repigmentation rates, side effects, and patient feedback. Review: An exhaustive review of studies pertaining to microneedling for vitiligo, especially focusing on outcomes when administered alone or in conjunction with agents such as tacrolimus and 5-fluorouracil, was undertaken. Key evaluation metrics included repigmentation success rates, adverse effects, and patient-reported outcomes. Safety and Side Effects: Microneedling demonstrates a favourable safety profile, with mild and manageable side effects such as pain, erythema, and temporary hyperpigmentation. Severe adverse events are rare, further supporting its safety as a treatment option for vitiligo. Discussion: The evidence amassed suggests that microneedling significantly augments repigmentation rates, particularly in synergy with topical treatments. It is generally well-tolerated, manifests minimal adverse effects, and has garnered high patient satisfaction levels. Nonetheless, the absence of standardized treatment protocols and paucity of long-term efficacy data underscore the imperative for further empirical inquiry. Conclusion: Microneedling emerges as a propitious treatment alternative for vitiligo, demonstrating both safety and efficacy, notably when used in tandem with topical agents. Future investigations should aim at protocol standardization and long-term efficacy evaluation to firmly establish its therapeutic stature within vitiligo management paradigms.
Interpretable subgroup learning-based modeling framework: Study of diabetic kidney disease prediction
Authors: Liu Bo , Zhang Xiangzhou , Liu Kang , Hu Xinhou , Ngai Eric W. T. , Chen Weiqi , Chan Ho Yin , Hu Yong , Liu Mei 
Published: October 2024

Objectives Complex diseases, like diabetic kidney disease (DKD), often exhibit heterogeneity, challenging accurate risk prediction with machine learning. Traditional global models ignore patient differences, and subgroup learning lacks interpretability and predictive efficiency. This study introduces the Interpretable Subgroup Learning-based Modeling (iSLIM) framework to address these issues. Methods iSLIM integrates expert knowledge with a tree-based recursive partitioning approach to identify DKD subgroups within an EHR dataset of 11,559 patients. It then constructs separate models for each subgroup, enhancing predictive accuracy while preserving interpretability. Results Five clinically relevant subgroups are identified, achieving an average sensitivity of 0.8074, outperforming a single global model by 0.1104. Post hoc analyses provide pathological and biological evidence supporting subgroup validity and potential DKD risk factors. Conclusion The iSLIM surpasses traditional global model in predictive performance and subgroup-specific risk factor interpretation, enhancing the understanding of DKD’s heterogeneous mechanisms and potentially increasing the adoption of machine learning models in clinical decision-making.
‘I never knew it was so prevalent’: Experiences and perceptions of student health visitors recognising and responding to domestic abuse in practice placement settings
Authors: Perryman Susan M 
Published: October 2024

Background: Health visitors have a key role in supporting and protecting adults and children affected by domestic abuse. Aims: The study aimed to examine the experiences and perceptions of student health visitors recognising and responding to domestic abuse in practice placement settings. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with five student health visitors in the United Kingdom. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Results: Four superordinate themes were identified: ‘part and parcel of health visiting practice’; ‘challenges in identifying domestic abuse’; ‘uncertainty and apprehension’; ‘strengthening knowledge and confidence’. All participants had engaged in practice activities related to domestic abuse within SCPHN placements, commonly expressing a sense of disbelief at the scale of the issue in practice. Difficulties and unease regarding identification and management of domestic abuse were reported. Access to support and opportunities to reflect and ‘talk things through’ were found to be important for students regarding this sphere of practice. Conclusions: The findings contribute to the body of knowledge about domestic abuse-related practice within nursing. Recommendations made may contribute to practice development and help inform future teaching and educational strategies within SCPHN programmes.
Effect of the Stretch-Shortening Cycle on the Relationship Between Maximum Number of Repetitions and Lifting Velocity During the Prone Bench Pull
Authors: Miras-Moreno Sergio , García-Ramos Amador , Weakley Jonathon , Rojas-Ruiz Francisco J. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro 
Published: October 2024

Background: The fastest mean (MVfastest) and peak (PVfastest) velocity in a set are used to predict the maximum number of repetitions (RTF), but stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) effects on these relationships are unknown. Hypothesis: Velocity values associated with each RTF would show higher values for eccentric-concentric and multiple-point methods compared with concentric-only and 2-point methods. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: After determining the prone bench pull (PBP) 1-repetition maximum (1RM), 23 resistance-trained male participants randomly performed 2 sessions (1 for each PBP exercise), consisting of single sets of RTFs against 3 relative loads (60%-80%-70%1RM). Individualized RTF-velocity relationships were constructed using the multiple-point (60%-80%-70%1RM) and 2-point (60%-80%1RM) methods. Results: Goodness-of-fit was very high and comparable for concentric-only (RTF-MVfastest, r2 = 0.97; RTF-PVfastest, r2 = 0.98) and eccentric-concentric (RTF-MVfastest, r2 = 0.98; RTF-PVfastest, r2 = 0.99) PBP exercises. Velocity values associated with different RTFs were generally higher for eccentric-concentric compared with concentric-only PBP exercise, but these differences showed heteroscedasticity ( R2 ≥ 0.143). However, velocity values associated with different RTFs were comparable for the multiple- and 2-point methods ( F ≤ 2.4; P ≥ 0.13). Conclusion: These results suggest that the inclusion of the SSC does not impair the goodness-of-fit of RTF-velocity relationships, but these relationships should be determined specifically for each PBP exercise (ie, concentric-only and eccentric-concentric). In addition, the 2-point method serves as a quick and less strenuous procedure to estimate RTF. Clinical Relevance: Practitioners only need to monitor the MVfastest or PVfastest and the RTF from 2 (2-point method) or 3 (multiple-point method) sets performed to failure to construct an RTF-velocity relationship. Once these relationships have been established, coaches need only monitor the MVfastest or PVfastest of the set to estimate RTF against a given absolute load.
Lipid Management in Primary Care for Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Populations in Northern England: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Fu Yu , Sowden Sarah , Newton Julia L. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: People in low socioeconomic circumstances are more susceptible to dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease than those living in more affluent populations. Limited healthcare access and low preventive care uptake widen health inequalities. Understanding how primary care can better serve socioeconomically disadvantaged communities is urgently needed. Aim: To explore lipid management delivery in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas and identify barriers and enablers for lipid optimization for socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. Method: Individual semi-structured remote interviews with clinicians, purposively recruited from primary care practices serving extremely socioeconomically disadvantaged communities in Northern England, UK, who were involved in the delivery and organization of lipid management. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed thematically following framework analysis. Results: Fifteen interviews were undertaken. Five themes emerged: complex and multimorbid patients with competing priorities, limited access and follow-up to supporting services, being flexible and working beyond guidelines, high workload with inadequate staff support, and the need for care integrity and sustainable support. Conclusion: The findings of this study have been fed back to the delivery of the national program to improve cardiovascular health. Socioeconomically disadvantaged communities have complex health needs posing risks of multimorbidity but living with low health literacy, competing demands upon time, and financial constraints. Clinicians are willing to adapt services but a lack of guidance for care and funded services remains a significant barrier to targeted service delivery. Research is needed to inform the effectiveness and acceptability of interventions for lipid management tailored for those experiencing low socioeconomic disadvantage.
Reliable measures of rest-activity rhythm fragmentation: how many days are needed?
Authors: Danilevicz Ian Meneghel , Vidil Sam , Landré Benjamin , Dugravot Aline , van Hees Vincent Theodor , Sabia Séverine 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
A more fragmented, less stable rest-activity rhythm (RAR) is emerging as a risk factor for health. Accelerometer devices are increasingly used to measure RAR fragmentation using metrics such as inter-daily stability (IS), intradaily variability (IV), transition probabilities (TP), self-similarity parameter (α), and activity balance index (ABI). These metrics were proposed in the context of long period of wear but, in real life, non-wear might introduce measurement bias. This study aims to determine the minimum number of valid days to obtain reliable fragmentation metrics.

Methods
Wrist-worn accelerometer data were drawn from the Whitehall accelerometer sub-study (age: 60 to 83 years) to simulate different non-wear patterns. Pseudo-simulated data with different numbers of valid days (one to seven), defined as < 1/3 of non-wear during both day and night periods, and with omission or imputation of non-wear periods were compared against complete data using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and mean absolute percent error (MAPE).

Results
Five days with valid data (97.8% of participants) and omission of non-wear periods allowed an ICC ≥ 0.75 and MAPE ≤ 15%, acceptable cut points for reliability, for IS and ABI; this number was lower for TPs (two-three days), α and IV (four days). Overall, imputation of data did not provide better estimates. Findings were consistent across age and sex groups.

Conclusions
The number of days of wrist accelerometer data with at least 2/3 of wear time for both day and night periods varies from two (TPs) to five (IS, ABI) days for reliable RAR measures among older adults.
Subjectivity of visual assessments in FOCUS kinetics and acceptability of first-order fits for regulatory modelling
Authors: Rödig Edna , Ford Simon , Bailey Andrew D. , Bird Michael , Patel Mitesh 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe degradation half-life (DegT50) of a substance in soil plays an important role in the approval process of a plant protection product and is a sensitive input parameter for regulatory models. It is usually derived through least squares optimizations of mathematical models to measured degradation data according to EU FOCUS degradation kinetics guidance. A strong consensus on degradation parameters provides a solid foundation for parts of the environmental risk assessment. The DegT50 of a substance for regulatory modeling is preferably derived from a single first-order (SFO) model as this is currently the only kinetic model implemented in EU regulatory models of the environmental fate of pesticides. However, kinetic optimisation tools do not always provide a regulatory acceptable SFO fit even though a visual inspection of the data suggests it may be possible. It was therefore hypothesized that more acceptable SFO fits might be achieved by adapting the objective function that is minimized during the optimization.Eight objective functions with varying weightings were tested on 29 laboratory soil degradation datasets. A web-based app was developed to allow experts in environmental safety of plant protection products to visually assess the goodness of fits resulting from different objective functions. The visual assessments and a quantitative metric, newly introduced in the proposed update of the FOCUS guidance, show that the acceptability of SFO fits can be increased, but no single objective function exclusively improves all fits. The assessment reveals that expert judgment is very subjective. Participants tended to change their mind when judging the acceptance of a fit, assumingly caused by a learning curve or a period of calibration.It is concluded that different objective functions could be considered in the kinetic assessment as it can improve the acceptability of SFO fits and hence endpoints for regulatory modeling. This study reveals that various qualitative factors influence the visual judgment of experts when performing a kinetic modeling assessment. The proposed quantitative metric seems to be in alignment with the visual assessment of fits to derive modeling endpoints and a promising step toward less subjective kinetic modeling assessments.