bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Jacqueline Woodson’s narrative style in The Other Side: An African American picture book for children
Authors: Reyes Torres Agustín 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
Agustín Reyes TorresUniversitat de València, Spain

ABSTRACT
The Other Side (2001) is a children’s story with multicultural characters and themes that can be regarded as an aesthetic exploration of the human experience in the process of the acquisition of knowledge. Following the Black Arts Movement, Jacqueline Woodson’s work portrays many of the issues that are present in the real world but seldom appear in children’s literature, such as racial division or interracial relationships. Using the metaphor of a fence, this African American author reveals issues of loneliness and friendship, inclusion and exclusion, and the overcoming of prejudice and segregation through the wisdom of Clover and Annie, an African American and a white girl, who become friends. The story is told from the point of view of Clover who is both the protagonist and the first person narrator. The reader, thus, gets to see and understand the world through her eyes.
Anzaldúa and ‘the new mestiza’: A Chicana dives into collective identity
Authors: Henríquez-Betancor María 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
María Henríquez-BetancorUniversidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain

ABSTRACT
In this article I analyze how Gloria Anzaldúa’s seventh essay in Borderlands/La Frontera:The New Mestiza, titled “La conciencia de la mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness”, condenses and portrays a development towards the mestiza consciousness presented in the first six essays in the book. This is a well-structured as well as fluid process in which each step guides us in a complex identity-building awareness. This process is an inner journey as well as an evolution in the public scene where the “new mestiza” has to revise and reinvent herself in several ways in order to acquire “the mestiza consciousness”. This essay is also a clear example in which Anzaldúa represents three voices: the “I”, the “we” and the “she”. These voices are one of Anzaldúa’s strategies for diving into what she understands as her collective identity as a Chicana and as a “new mestiza”. As will be shown in this article, the author moves among these voices for various purposes of identity-construction.
Wordarrows: The performative power of language in N. Scott Momaday’s non-fiction work
Authors: Brígido-Corachán Anna M. 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
Anna M. Brígido-CorachánIULMA - Universitat de València, Spain

ABSTRACT
This article focuses on two non-fiction works by Native American author N. Scott Momaday: his 1969 historical memoir The Way to Rainy Mountain and his essay collection The Man Made of Words It specifically tackles performative conceptions of language in the Kiowa storytelling tradition, where words are experienced as speech acts that have the power to intervene in surrounding realities. Taking into account 20th century ethno-cultural and linguistic policies in the United States, the article also reflects on the role indigenous languages may play in contemporary Native American Literature, which has most often been written in English.
(In)compatibility of CLIL and ESP courses at university
Authors: González Ardeo Joseba M. 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
Joseba M. González ArdeoUniversidad del País Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Spain

ABSTRACT
This paper deals with the current coexistence of ESP (English for Specific Purposes) and CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) courses in tertiary educational settings in the Basque Country. The University of the Basque Country (UBC) is immersed in an ongoing process of internationalization and, consequently, its language teachers are witnessing an unstoppable process of Anglicization. At present, and presumably in the medium and long term, institutional decisions will continue to support CLIL in preference to ESP. In order to analyse this process within the UBC, quantitative data about these two linguistic approaches are gathered and compared with data from 2005. A questionnaire aimed at gathering the opinions of engineering students who currently take both types of courses is also used as a source of qualitative data. The main conclusion of this exploratory study is that both types of courses seem to be compatible. However, language teachers, English-medium content teachers and students are facing a tough challenge, since neither of the two types of course is a panacea.
CLIL in Higher Education. Towards a Multilingual Language Policy
Authors: Smala Simone 
Published: November 2016

Reviewed by Simone SmalaThe University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

Immaculada Fortanet-Gómez's monograph CLIL in Higher Education. Towards a Multilingual Language Policy is an impressive contribution to the growing literature on CLIL. Setting her research in higher education, and specifically at the Universitat Jaume I in Castelló in the Valencian Community autonomous region in Spain, the author opens a discourse on the role of second, additional and foreign languages as the media of instruction for tertiary settings. [...]
From the editors
Authors: Value Language 
Published: November 2016

From the Editors
ADAPTING TO THE CEFR IN ELT: EVALUATION AND ASSESSMENT OF LANGUAGE COMPETENCE
This issue includes articles concerning different approaches to tackle the impact of the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) on English Language Teaching (ELT) and assessment. Special attention is paid to the assessment of language competence in a higher education context. The use and impact of evaluation and assessment results is of paramount importance when these results are a prerequisite, for instance, to start postgraduate studies or to be able to ask for a job where a specific level is required.
Methodology for the process of validating qualifications in the Basque language and their adaptation to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR)
Authors: Pikabea Torrano Iñaki , Lukas Mujika José Francisco , Figueras Casanovas Neus 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
Iñaki Pikabea TorranoJosé Francisco Lukas MujikaUniversidad del País Vasco, SpainNeus Figueras CasanovasGeneralitat de Catalunya, Spain

ABSTRACT
In the Basque Country there are currently more than 140,000 people with accredited qualifications that certify their knowledge of Euskara (Basque Language). These qualifications have been issued by a number of official bodies dependent on the Basque Government, but had not been validated against each other until recently.In order to validate these qualifications and adapt them to the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, a group of experts were commissioned by the Basque Government to undertake a study conducive to this end. This paper outlines the methodology and conclusions of that study.
Comparing candidates’ beliefs and exam performance in speaking tests
Authors: Pérez-Guillot Cristina , Zabala-Delgado Julia 
Published: November 2016

Author/s
Cristina Pérez-GuillotJulia Zabala-DelgadoUniversitat Politècnica de València, Spain

ABSTRACT
The development of a language exam is not a linear process but rather a round cycle in which, by using the test, we obtain information that will in turn be applied to improve each of the steps in the cycle. The goal of our study was to analyse students’ beliefs about their performance in the speaking section of a language proficiency exam and compare them with their actual results in the exam, in order to determine whether their beliefs were based on their actual level of competence or if they were based on other factors, such as anxiety or stress due to the particular characteristics of this section of the exam.
An Introduction to Interaction: Understanding Talk in Formal and Informal Settings
Authors: Lázaro Gutiérrez Raquel 
Published: November 2016

Reviewed by Raquel Lázaro GutiérrezUniversidad de Alcalá, Spain

This textbook is a comprehensive guide for (mainly, but not only) linguistics, sociology, communication and even business students on the theories and research methodologies of conversation analysis. Based on ethnomethodology, a theoretical perspective of sociology which appeared in the 1960s and which explored how people create social order, social structure and situated action (Garfinkel 1967) through the direct observation of human behaviour, conversation analysis emerged in the 1980s as an approach to the study of talk in interaction. Sacks (1984), a graduate student who worked with Garfinkel, thought of talk as the ideal source of data to study human action, as it could be tape-recorded and carefully and repeatedly examined. The conversation analysis methodology was soon found useful for the study of a wide range of conversations (formal, informal, institutional, etc.) held for a great deal of different purposes and in diverse contexts (business, education, media, legal settings, etc.).
Changing Methodologies in TESOL
Authors: Martín Monje Elena 
Published: November 2016

Reviewed by Elena Martín MonjeUniversidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia, Spain

This book offers an overview of key concepts related to TESOL (Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages) and the methodological changes that this field has undergone in recent decades. The author states that the book “is aimed at the student, student teacher and practising teacher of TESOL interested in how the English language is experienced, taught and learnt in the twenty-first century worldwide” (p.1). This wide angle can be perceived in the numerous examples and case studies that populate the volume, making it a pleasant read.
Current status of Ga2O3 power devices
Authors: Higashiwaki Masataka , Murakami Hisashi , Kumagai Yoshinao , Kuramata Akito 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) is an emerging wide-bandgap semiconductor for high-power, low-loss transistors and diodes by virtue of its excellent material properties and suitability for mass production. In this paper, we begin by discussing the material properties of Ga2O3 that make it an attractive alternative to not only Si but also other wide-bandgap materials such as SiC and GaN. State-of-the-art Ga2O3-based devices that have been fabricated to date demonstrate the performance potential for power electronics applications.
River‐discharge dynamics in the Southern Central Andes and the 1976–77 global climate shift
Authors: Castino F. , Bookhagen B. , Strecker M. R. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRecent studies have shown that the 1976–77 global climate shift strongly affected the South American climate. In our study, we observed a link between this climate shift and river‐discharge variability in the subtropical Southern Central Andes. We analyzed the daily river‐discharge time series between 1940 and 1999 from small to medium mountain drainage basins (102–104 km2) across a steep climatic and topographic gradient. We document that the discharge frequency distribution changed significantly, with higher percentiles exhibiting more pronounced trends. A change point between 1971 and 1977 marked an intensification of the hydrological cycle, which resulted in increased river discharge. In the upper Rio Bermejo basin of the northernmost Argentine Andes, the mean annual discharge increased by 40% over 7 years. Our findings are important for flood risk management in areas impacted by the 1976–77 climate shift; discharge frequency distribution analysis provides important insights into the variability of the hydrological cycle in the Andean realm.
Three years of concentric gravity wave variability in the mesopause as observed by IMAP/VISI
Authors: Perwitasari S. , Sakanoi T. , Nakamura T. , Ejiri M. K. , Tsutsumi M. , Tomikawa Y. , Otsuka Y. , Yamazaki A. , Saito A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe report a statistical study on concentric gravity waves (CGWs) in the mesopause (~95 km) using 3 years nightglow data obtained by Ionosphere, Mesosphere, upper Atmosphere and Plasmasphere/Visible and near‐Infrared Spectral Imager. The 235 CGWs events were found with horizontal wavelength ranging from 40 to 250 km and maximum radius of 200 to 3000 km. The latitudinal distribution of the CGWs centers had peaks in mid latitude (40°N and 40°S) and minimum at low latitudes (10°S). More events were found in the summer hemisphere midlatitudes, with a rapid transition between northern and Southern Hemisphere around the equinoxes. The occurrence probability was significantly higher during nonsolstice months (February–May and August–November) than solstice months (June–July and December–January), suggesting that there was a little breaking or critical level absorption so the waves could reach the mesopause more often during these periods. The global distribution showed several preferable regions but very few events over tropical convective regions.
Spatially and temporally systematic hydrologic changes within large geoengineered landslides, Cromwell Gorge, New Zealand, induced by multiple regional earthquakes
Authors: O'Brien Grant A. , Cox Simon C. , Townend John 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGeoengineered groundwater systems within seven large (23 × 104–9 × 106 m2), deep‐seated (40–300 m), previously slow‐creep (2–5 mm/yr.) schist landslides in the Cromwell Gorge responded systematically to 11 large (Mw > 6.2) earthquakes at epicentral distances of 130–630 km between 1990 and 2013. Landslide groundwater is strongly compartmentalized and often overpressured, with permeability of 10−17 to 10−13 m2 and flow occurring primarily through fracture and crush zones, hindered by shears containing clayey gouge. Hydrological monitoring recorded earthquake‐induced meter‐ or centimeter‐scale changes in groundwater levels (at 22 piezometers) and elevated drainage discharge (at 11 V notch weirs). Groundwater level changes exhibited consistent characteristics at all monitoring sites, with time to peak‐pressure changes taking ~1 month and recovery lasting 0.7–1.2 years. Changes in weir flow rate near instantaneous (peaking 0–6 h after earthquakes) and followed by recession lasting ~1 month. Responses at each site were systematic from one earthquake to another in terms of duration, polarity, and amplitude. Consistent patterns in amplitude and duration have been compared between sites and with earthquake parameters (peak ground acceleration (PGA), seismic energy density (e), shaking duration, frequency bandwidth, and site amplitude). Shaking at PGA ~0.27% g and e ~ 0.21 J m−3 induced discernable gorge‐wide hydrological responses at thresholds comparable to other international examples. Groundwater level changes modeled using a damped harmonic oscillator characterize the ability of the system to resist and recover from extrinsic perturbations. The observed character of response reflects spectral characteristics as well as energy. Landslide hydrological systems appear most susceptible to damage and hydraulic changes when earthquakes emit broad‐frequency, long‐duration, high‐amplitude ground motion.
Nitrone Directing Groups in Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation of Arenes: 1,3‐Dipoles versus Traceless Directing Groups
Authors: Xie Fang , Yu Songjie , Qi Zisong , Li Xingwei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractFunctionalizable directing groups (DGs) are highly desirable in C−H activation chemistry. The nitrone DGs are explored in rhodium(III)‐catalyzed C−H activation of arenes and couplings with cyclopropenones. N‐tert‐butyl nitrones bearing a small ortho substituent coupled to afford 1‐naphthols, where the nitrone acts as a traceless DG. In contrast, coupling of N‐tert‐butyl nitrones bearing a bulky ortho group follows a C−H acylation/[3+2] dipolar addition pathway to give bicyclics. The coupling of N‐arylnitrones follows the same acylation/[3+2] addition process but delivers different bicyclics.
Quantitative Evaluation of Normal Aqueductal Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Using Phase‐Contrast Cine MRI According to Age and Sex
Authors: Oner Zulal , Sagіr Kahraman Aysegul , Kose Evren , Oner Serkan , Kavaklі Ahmet , Cay Mahmut , Ozbag Davut 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow quantification in the cerebral aqueduct using phase‐contrast cine magnetic resonance ımaging (PCC‐MRI) according to both sexes and three different age groups to obtain normative data. Seventy two volunteers with no cerebral pathology were included in this study. Subjects were divided into three age groups: 20–34 years, 35–49 years, and 50–65 years including equal gender groups. CSF flow's quantitatively evaluation was performed with images that were obtained by 1.5 T Magnetic Resonance (MR) unit from cerebral aqueduct level on the semi‐axial plan. Between groups, peak velocity (cm sec−1), average velocity (cm/s), forward volume (mL), reverse volume (mL), net forward volume (mL), and average flow over range (ml/min) values of current flowing through aqueduct and average aqueductal areas were compared. There were no statistically significant differences in CSF flow parameters among different age groups and between sexes (P > 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in average cerebral aqueduct area between the age group of 50–65 years and the other age groups (P = 0.002). The average aqueductal area was higher in the age group of 50–65 years. Normal aqueductal CSF flow parameters evaluated with PCC‐MRI don't show a significant difference by age and sex. We have achieved the lower and upper values of these parameters would be useful in future clinical studies. The size of aqueductal area may also be explained by atrophy‐dependent ventricular system dilatation in the elderly. Anat Rec, 300:549–555, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐term clinical and angiographic outcomes of percutanenous coronary intervention with everolimus‐eluting stents for the treatment of cardiac allograft vasculopathy
Authors: Cheng Richard , Vanichsarn Christopher , Patel Jignesh K. , Currier Jesse , Chang David H. , Kittleson Michelle M. , Makkar Raj , Kobashigawa Jon A. , Azarbal Babak 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundPercutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with bare‐metal and first‐generation drug‐eluting stents (DES) for cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is associated with unexpectedly high restenosis rates and target lesion revascularization (TLR). Long‐term outcomes of stenting for CAV using second‐generation everolimus‐eluting stents (EES) are not established.ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical and angiographic outcomes of CAV stenting with EES.MethodsPatients who underwent PCI with EES for CAV were studied. Surveillance angiography was performed at 6–12 months post‐PCI and as indicated. Patient survival, freedom from MACE, binary restenosis, TLR, target vessel revascularization (TVR), and non‐TVR are reported.ResultsOne‐hundred and thirty two EES were placed in 113 discrete lesions in 48 patients. Pre‐PCI stenosis was 82.1 ± 12.4%, and average stent length and diameter were 16.9 ± 5.7 and 3.0 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. Mean follow‐up was 30.7 ± 18.8 months. Time from transplantation to PCI was 9.9 ± 5.1 years. Post‐PCI survival at 1 (93.5 ± 3.6%), 2 (91.0 ± 4.3%), and 3 years (83.8 ± 6.3%), and freedom from MACE (87.2 ± 4.9%, 82.3 ± 5.7%, 75.8 ± 6.9%) were high. Binary restenosis at 1 (3.0 ± 1.7%), 2 (6.9 ± 3.2%), and 3 years (10.0 ± 4.3%) mirrored expected rates with EES use in native CAD. One‐, two‐, and three‐year rates of TLR (5.1 ± 2.5%, 14.3 ± 4.6%, and 21.2 ± 6.3%), TVR (17.1 ± 4.5%, 39.0 ± 6.9%, and 46.2 ± 7.8%), and NTVR (26.3 ± 5.4%, 55.4 ± 7.0%, and 58.0 ± 7.0%) remain high. Diabetes was associated with an increased hazard ratio for binary restenosis 6.084 (95% CI 1.271–29.133, P = 0.024).ConclusionsPCI strategy using EES in the treatment of CAV was associated with a low binary restenosis rate, a high survival rate, and a high rate of freedom from MACE. However, at 3 years, TLR and TVR rates appeared similar to rates observed with first‐generation DES. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Intramolecular Parallel [4+3] Cycloadditions of Cyclopropane 1,1‐Diesters with [3]Dendralenes: Efficient Construction of [5.3.0]Decane and Corresponding Polycyclic Skeletons
Authors: Zhang Chi , Tian Jun , Ren Jun , Wang Zhongwen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAiming to develop efficient and general strategies for construction of complex and diverse polycyclic skeletons, we have successfully developed [4+3]IMPC (intramolecular parallel cycloaddition) of cyclopropane 1,1‐diesters with [3]dendralenes. With a combination of the [4+3]IMPC and subsequent [4+n] cycloadditions, trans‐[5.3.0]decane skeleton and its corresponding structurally complex and diverse polycyclic variants could be constructed efficiently. This novel [4+3] cycloaddition reaction mode of donor–acceptor cyclopropanes proceeds as a result of the ring‐strain relief of a trans‐[3.3.0]octane. We strongly believe that the developed methods will demonstrate potential applications in natural products synthesis and drug discovery.
Colour meaning and context
Authors: Won Seahwa , Westland Stephen 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study compares semantic ratings of colour samples (chips) with those of the same colours applied to a variety of objects. In total, 25 participants took part in the colour‐meaning experiment, and assessed 54 images using five semantic scales. In Experiment 1, simplified images (coloured silhouettes) were used whereas in Experiment 2 real images were used. In this article, the terms “chip meaning” and “context meaning” are used for convenience. Chip meaning refers to the associated meanings when only isolated colour chips were evaluated while context meaning refers to colour meanings evaluated when colours were applied to a variety of product categories. Analyses were performed on the data for the two experiments individually. The results of Experiment 1 show relatively few significant differences (28%) between chip meaning and context meaning. However, differences were found for a number of colours, objects, and semantic scales i.e., red and black; hand wash and medicine; and masculine‐feminine and elegant‐vulgar. The results of Experiment 2 show more significant differences (43%) between chip meaning and context meaning. In summary, the context sometimes affects the colour meaning; however, the degree to which colour meanings are invariant to context is perhaps slightly surprising. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Col Res Appl, 42, 450–459, 2017
An experimental and CFD study on gas flow field distribution in the growth process of multi‐walled carbon nanotube arrays by thermal chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Li Mingjie , Xu Zhaopeng , Li Zhaobin , Chen Yan , Guo Jingwei , Huo Huimei , Zhou Hangyu , Huangfu Huichao , Cao Zehui , Wang Haiyan 
Published: November 2016

Multi‐walled carbon nanotube arrays (MWCNTAs) were grown by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD) in a horizontal furnace reactor. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results show that MWCNTAs grown on the bottom and the central of the quartz tube are different in one experiment. Moreover, the MWCNTAs grown on the central position are more aligned and longer than those on the bottom. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was employed to investigate the gas flow field impact on the MWCNTAs growth. The results show that gas circulations appear after carrier gas and carbon source are injected into the quartz tube. Because of the existence of gas circulations, the gas flow field at the central of the quartz tube is more stable, which is conducive to the growth of MWCNTAs. The CFD simulation results match well with the experimental data.