bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and response to treatment among Indigenous people receiving injectable diacetylmorphine or hydromorphone in a randomised controlled trial for the treatment of long‐term opioid dependence
Authors: Oviedo‐Joekes Eugenia , Palis Heather , Guh Daphne , Marchand Kirsten , Brissette Suzanne , Lock Kurt , MacDonald Scott , Harrison Scott , Anis Aslam H. , Krausz Michael , Marsh David C. , Schechter Martin T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIntroduction and AimsTo determine the effectiveness of injectable hydromorphone and dicaetylmorphine for Indigenous participants in the Study to Assess Longer‐term Opioid Medication Effectiveness (SALOME) clinical trial. The study additionally aims to explore the prevalence and frequency of crack cocaine use among subgroups of participants (by gender and ethnicity). This secondary analysis is particularly relevant given the current need for expanded medication assisted treatments for opioid dependence across North America.Design and MethodsParticipants self‐identifying as First Nations, Métis or Inuit were included in the analysis of Indigenous participants. Six‐month treatment outcomes are reported as the difference between diacetylmorphine and hydromorphone treatment arms among Indigenous participants and change from baseline to 6 months in each treatment arm. Differences in outcomes are tested between Indigenous and non‐Indigenous participants. Crack cocaine use was explored to determine differences between and within subgroups.ResultsApproximately one‐third of SALOME participants self‐identified as Indigenous. Indigenous participants presented to treatment with more structural vulnerabilities (e.g. lower education, higher rates of foster care and separation from biological parents) compared to non‐Indigenous participants. After 6 months, Indigenous participants in both treatment arms had a significant reduction in days of street heroin use, opioid use, crack cocaine use and illegal activity. Treatment retention did not differ by treatment arm.Discussion and ConclusionsIndigenous people that are not engaged by first‐line treatments for opioid dependence are in need of effective alternative treatments. Given the political and logistical barriers facing diacetylmorphine, hydromorphone could serve as a more accessible medication to reach and treat this population. [Oviedo‐Joekes E, Palis H, Guh D, Marchand K, Brissette S, Lock K, MacDonald S, Harrison S, Anis AH, Krausz M, March DC, Schechter MT. Characteristics and response to treatment among Indigenous people receiving injectable diacetylmorphine or hydromorphone in a randomised controlled trial for the treatment of long‐termopioid dependence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2018;37:137–146]
Dissecting a biodiversity hotspot: The importance of environmentally marginal habitats in the Atlantic Forest Domain of South America
Authors: Neves Danilo M. , Dexter Kyle G. , Pennington R. Toby , Valente Arthur S. M. , Bueno Marcelo L. , Eisenlohr Pedro V. , Fontes Marco A.L. , Miranda Pedro L. S. , Moreira Suzana N. , Rezende Vanessa L. , Saiter Felipe Z. , Oliveira‐Filho Ary T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimWe aimed to assess the contribution of marginal habitats to the tree species richness of the Mata Atlântica (Atlantic Forest) biodiversity hotspot. In addition, we aimed to determine which environmental factors drive the occurrence and distribution of these marginal habitats.LocationThe whole extension of the South American Atlantic Forest Domain plus forest intrusions into the neighbouring Cerrado and Pampa Domains, which comprises rain forests (“core” habitat) and five marginal habitats, namely high elevation forests, rock outcrop dwarf‐forests, riverine forests, semideciduous forests and restinga (coastal white‐sand woodlands).MethodsWe compiled a dataset containing 366,875 occurrence records of 4,431 tree species from 1,753 site‐checklists, which were a priori classified into 10 main vegetation types. We then performed ordination analyses of the species‐by‐site matrix to assess the floristic consistency of this classification. In order to assess the relative contribution of environmental predictors to the community turnover, we produced models using 26 climate and substrate‐related variables as environmental predictors.ResultsOrdination diagrams supported the floristic segregation of vegetation types, with those considered as marginal habitats placed at the extremes of ordination axes. These marginal habitats are associated with the harshest extremes of five limiting factors: temperature seasonality (high elevation and subtropical riverine forests), flammability (rock outcrop dwarf‐forests), high salinity (restinga), water deficit severity (semideciduous forests) and waterlogged soils (tropical riverine forests). Importantly, 45% of all species endemic to the Atlantic Domain only occur in marginal habitats.Main conclusionsOur results showed the key role of the poorly protected marginal habitats in contributing to the high species richness of the Atlantic Domain. Various types of environmental harshness operate as environmental filters determining the distribution of the Atlantic Domain habitats. Our findings also stressed the importance of fire, a previously neglected environmental factor.
Casein kinase 1‐epsilon deletion increases mu opioid receptor‐dependent behaviors and binge eating1
Authors: Goldberg L. R. , Kirkpatrick S. L. , Yazdani N. , Luttik K. P. , Lacki O. A. , Keith Babbs R. , Jenkins D. F. , Evan Johnson W. , Bryant C. D. 
Published: June 2017

Genetic and pharmacological studies indicate that casein kinase 1 epsilon (Csnk1e) contributes to psychostimulant, opioid, and ethanol motivated behaviors. We previously used pharmacological inhibition to demonstrate that Csnk1e negatively regulates the locomotor stimulant properties of opioids and psychostimulants. Here, we tested the hypothesis that Csnk1e negatively regulates opioid and psychostimulant reward using genetic inhibition and the conditioned place preference assay in Csnk1e knockout mice. Similar to pharmacological inhibition, Csnk1e knockout mice showed enhanced opioid‐induced locomotor activity with the mu opioid receptor agonist fentanyl (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) as well as enhanced sensitivity to low‐dose fentanyl reward (0.05 mg/kg). Interestingly, female knockout mice also showed a markedly greater escalation in consumption of sweetened palatable food – a behavioral pattern consistent with binge eating that also depends on mu opioid receptor activation. No difference was observed in fentanyl analgesia in the 52.5°C hot plate assay (0–0.4 mg/kg), naloxone conditioned place aversion (4 mg/kg), or methamphetamine conditioned place preference (0–4 mg/kg). To identify molecular adaptations associated with increased drug and food behaviors in knockout mice, we completed transcriptome analysis via mRNA sequencing of the striatum. Enrichment analysis identified terms associated with myelination and axon guidance and pathway analysis identified a differentially expressed gene set predicted to be regulated by the Wnt signaling transcription factor, Tcf7l2. To summarize, Csnk1e deletion increased mu opioid receptor‐dependent behaviors, supporting previous studies indicating an endogenous negative regulatory role of Csnk1e in opioid behavior.
Biochemical characterization of LR769, a new recombinant factor VIIa bypassing agent produced in the milk of transgenic rabbits
Authors: Chevreux G. , Tilly N. , Leblanc Y. , Ramon C. , Faid V. , Martin M. , Dhainaut F. , Bihoreau N. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe bypassing agent factor VII (FVIIa) is a first‐line therapy for the treatment of acute bleeding episodes in patients with haemophilia and high‐titre inhibitors. FVIIa is a highly post‐translationally modified protein that requires eukaryotic expression systems to produce a fully active molecule. A recombinant FVIIa was produced in the milk of transgenic rabbits to increase expression and provide an efficient, safe and affordable product after purification to homogeneity (LR769).AimTo present the biochemical and functional in vitro characteristics of LR769.ResultsMass spectrometric analyses of the intact protein and of heavy and light chains revealed a fully activated, mature and properly post‐translationally modified protein notably regarding N/O‐glycosylations and γ‐carboxylation. Primary structure analysis, performed by peptide mapping, confirmed 100% of the sequence and the low level or absence of product‐derived impurities such as oxidized, deamidated and glycated forms. Low levels of aggregates and fragments were observed by different chromatographic methods. Higher order structure investigated by circular dichroism showed appropriate secondary/tertiary structures and conformational change in the presence of Ca2+ ions. Finally, activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin generation assays showed the ability of LR769 to decrease coagulation time and to generate thrombin in haemophiliac‐A‐plasmas, even in the presence of inhibitors.ConclusionThe innovative expression system used to produce LR769 yields a new safe and effective rhFVIIa for the treatment of haemophilia A or B patients with inhibitors.
Diagnostic value of STMN1, LMO2, HGAL, AID expression and 1p36 chromosomal abnormalities in primary cutaneous B cell lymphomas
Authors: Verdanet Evelyne , Dereure Olivier , René Céline , Tempier Ariane , Benammar‐Hafidi Assia , Gallo Mathieu , Frouin Eric , Durand Luc , Gazagne Isabelle , Costes‐Martineau Valérie , Cacheux Valère , Szablewski Vanessa 
Published: June 2017

AimsDistinction between primary cutaneous follicular lymphoma (PCFL) and primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (PCMZL) is challenging, as clear‐cut immunophenotypical and cytogenetic criteria to segregate both entities are lacking.Methods and resultsTo characterize PCFL and PCMZL more clearly and to define criteria helpful for the differential diagnosis, we compared expression of immunohistochemical markers [LIM‐only transcription factor 2 (LMO2), human germinal centre‐associated lymphoma (HGAL), stathmin 1 (STMN1), activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID), myeloid cell nuclear differentiation antigen (MNDA)] and the presence of cytogenetic abnormalities described previously in nodal follicular lymphoma [B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL6 breaks, 1p36 chromosomal region deletion (del 1p36)] in a series of 48 cutaneous follicular and marginal zone lymphomas [cutaneous follicular lymphoma (CFL) and cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (CMZL)]. Immunostaining for STMN1, LMO2, HGAL and AID allowed the distinction between CFL and CMZL, and STMN1 was the most sensitive marker (100% CFL, 0% CMZL). LMO2, HGAL and AID were positive in 93.2%, 82.1% and 86.2% CFL (all CMZL‐negative). MNDA was expressed in both entities without significant difference (10.3% CFL, 30.8% CMZL, P = 0.18). BCL2, BCL6 breaks and the del 1p36 were present in 16.7%, 10.7% and 18.5% CFL and no CMZL. Finally, three and 29 CFL were reclassified as secondary cutaneous follicular lymphomas (SCFL) and PCFL without significant differences concerning phenotypical and cytogenetic features. BCL2, BCL6 breaks and the del 1p36 were present in 11.1%, 8% and 16.7% PCFL and did not impact the prognosis.ConclusionLMO2, HGAL, STMN1 and AID, but not MNDA, are discriminant for the recognition between CFL and CMZL. BCL2, BCL6 rearrangements and the del 1p36 have a role in the pathogenesis of PCFL, the latest being the most common alteration.
Investigation of adult stainless steel crown longevity as an interim restoration in pediatric patients
Authors: Discepolo Keri , Sultan Michael 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPreformed metal crowns, also known as stainless steel crowns (SSC), are utilized for providing full coverage to young permanent teeth and have been used extensively as restorations of primary teeth for approximately 65 years.AimEvaluate permanent tooth SSC longevity as an interim restoration for teeth requiring full coverage restoration in pediatric patients.DesignRetrospective chart review from 2006 through 2014 in a hospital‐based dental clinic for permanent tooth pre‐fabricated crown longevity. One hundred and fifty‐five SSCs were evaluated with regard to: age of patient at restoration placement, diagnoses, and duration of crown service. Duration service was further categorized as successful or failed.ResultsOf 155 SSCs, 137 were considered successfully functioning. Total failures were 18. The overall combined success rate for the study group was observed to be 88% with an average service period of 45.18 months. Significant success was noted in patients less than 9 years of age, and significant failure was observed in patients 12 years and older.ConclusionsStainless steel crowns are a viable option for interim restoration needs, with an 88% overall success rate during an average service period of 45.18 months.
The impact of bank merger growth on CEO compensation
Authors: Chen Zhian , Hung Wing‐Yee , Li Donghui , Xing Lu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe examine the impact of bank mergers on chief executive officer (CEO) compensation during the period 1992–2014, a period characterised by significant banking consolidation. We show that CEO compensation is positively related to both merger growth and non‐merger internal growth, with the former relationship being higher in magnitude. While CEO pay–risk sensitivity is not significantly related to merger growth, CEO pay–performance sensitivity is negatively and significantly related to merger growth. Collectively, our results suggest that, through bank mergers, CEOs can earn higher compensation and decouple personal wealth from bank performance. Furthermore, we document a more severe agency problem in CEO compensation as a consequence of bank mergers relative to mergers in industrial firms. Finally, we find that the post‐financial crisis regulatory reform of executive compensation in banks has limited effectiveness in curbing the merger–pay links.
Impact of obesity on mortality in patients with diabetes: Meta‐analysis of 20 studies including 250,016 patients
Authors: Gao Fei , Wang Zhi Jian , Shen Hua , Yang Shi Wei , Nie Bin , Zhou Yu Jie 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionThe impact of body mass index on mortality among patients with diabetes remains controversial. Therefore, we carried out a meta‐analysis of pertinent studies.Materials and MethodsWe searched OVID/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases for all reported studies, which investigated the relationship between body mass index and mortality in patients with diabetes. Summary estimates of hazard ratios (HRs) were obtained with a random effects model. Univariate meta‐regressions were carried out.ResultsA total of 20 studies including 250,016 patients with diabetes were identified. The results of the present study showed a significantly reduced risk of all‐cause mortality in overweight patients (HR 0.82, 95% CI: 0.74–0.91, P < 0.0001, and I2 = 91.6%) as compared with normal weight patients. The survival benefits of obesity were only observed in the elderly patients (HR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.63–0.75, P < 0.0001, and I2 = 50.4%), but not in the younger patients (HR 1.01, 95% CI: 0.84–1.20, P = 0.96, I2 = 80.1%). Furthermore, the beneficial prognostic impacts on overweight (coefficient = 0.030, P = 0.041) and obesity (coefficient = 0.032, P = 0.010) were attenuated with clinical follow‐up duration.ConclusionsThe present meta‐analysis showed a significantly lower risk of all‐cause mortality in overweight patients with diabetes compared with normal weight patients. However, the survival benefits of obesity were only observed among the elderly patients.
Genetic architecture of acne vulgaris
Authors: Lichtenberger R. , Simpson M.A. , Smith C. , Barker J. , Navarini A.A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAcne vulgaris is a ubiquitary skin disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from bacterial colonization of hair follicles by Propionibacterium acnes, androgen‐induced increased sebum production, altered keratinization and inflammation. Here, we review our current understanding of the genetic architecture of this intriguing disease. We analysed genomewide association studies (GWAS) and candidate genes studies for acne vulgaris. Moreover, we included GWAS studies for the associated disease polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Overall, the available data revealed sixteen genetic loci flagged by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), none of which has been confirmed yet by independent studies. Moreover, a GWAS for PCOS identified 21 susceptible loci. The genetic architecture is complex which has been revealed by GWAS. Further and larger studies in different populations are required to confirm or disprove results from candidate gene studies as well to identify signals that may overlap between different populations. Finally, studies on rare genetic variants in acne and associated diseases like PCOS may deepen our understanding of its pathogenesis.
Application of an advanced maximum likelihood estimation restoration method for enhanced‐resolution and contrast in second‐harmonic generation microscopy
Authors: SIVAGURU MAYANDI , KABIR MOHAMMAD M. , GARTIA MANAS RANJAN , BIGGS DAVID S.C. , SIVAGURU BARGHAV S. , SIVAGURU VIGNESH A. , FRIED GLENN A. , LIU GANG LOGAN , SADAYAPPAN SAKTHIVEL , TOUSSAINT KIMANI C. 
Published: June 2017

SummarySecond‐harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy has gained popularity because of its ability to perform submicron, label‐free imaging of noncentrosymmetric biological structures, such as fibrillar collagen in the extracellular matrix environment of various organs with high contrast and specificity. Because SHG is a two‐photon coherent scattering process, it is difficult to define a point spread function (PSF) for this modality. Hence, compared to incoherent two‐photon processes like two‐photon fluorescence, it is challenging to apply the various PSF‐engineering methods to improve the spatial resolution to be close to the diffraction limit. Using a synthetic PSF and application of an advanced maximum likelihood estimation (AdvMLE) deconvolution algorithm, we demonstrate restoration of the spatial resolution in SHG images to that closer to the theoretical diffraction limit. The AdvMLE algorithm adaptively and iteratively develops a PSF for the supplied image and succeeds in improving the signal to noise ratio (SNR) for images where the SHG signals are derived from various sources such as collagen in tendon and myosin in heart sarcomere. Approximately 3.5 times improvement in SNR is observed for tissue images at depths of up to ∼480 nm, which helps in revealing the underlying helical structures in collagen fibres with an ∼26% improvement in the amplitude contrast in a fibre pitch. Our approach could be adapted to noisy and low resolution modalities such as micro‐nano CT and MRI, impacting precision of diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
Ultraviolet A photosensitivity profile of dexchlorpheniramine maleate and promethazine‐based creams: Anti‐inflammatory, antihistaminic, and skin barrier protection properties
Authors: Facchini Gustavo , Eberlin Samara , Clerici Stefano Piatto , Alves Pinheiro Ana Lucia Tabarini , Costa Adilson 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackgroundUnwanted side effects such as dryness, hypersensitivity, and cutaneous photosensitivity are challenge for adherence and therapeutical success for patients using treatments for inflammatory and allergic skin response.AimsIn this study, we compared the effects of two dermatological formulations, which are used in inflammatory and/or allergic skin conditions: dexchlorpheniramine maleate (DCP; 10 mg/g) and promethazine (PTZ; 20 mg/g).MethodsWe evaluated both formulations for phototoxicity potential, skin irritation, anti‐inflammatory and antihistaminic abilities, and skin barrier repair in vitro and ex vivo using the standard OECD test guideline n° 432, the ECVAM protocol n° 78, and cultured skin explants from a healthy patient. Ultraviolet A was chosen as exogenous agent to induce allergic and inflammatory response.ResultsBoth PTZ and DCP promoted increases in interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) synthesis in response to ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation compared to control. However, the increase observed with PTZ was significantly greater than the DCP, indicating that the latter has a lower irritant potential. DCP also demonstrated a protective effect on UVA‐induced leukotriene B4 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) synthesis. Conversely, PTZ demonstrates more robust UVA antihistaminic activity. Likewise, PTZ promoted a significantly greater increase in the production of involucrin and keratin 14, both associated with protective skin barrier property.ConclusionIn conclusion, these data suggest possible diverging UVA response mechanisms of DCP and PTZ, which gives greater insight into the contrasting photosensitizing potential between DCP and PTZ observed in the patients.
Sleep hygiene behaviours in Iranian adolescents: an application of the Theory of Planned Behavior
Authors: Strong Carol , Lin Chung‐Ying , Jalilolghadr Shabnam , Updegraff John A. , Broström Anders , Pakpour Amir H. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPoor sleep quality and inadequate sleep in adolescents are a rising trend globally. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB)—which centres on an individual's attitude toward performing the behaviour, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control—has been applied to examine sleep hygiene behaviours in young adults. We expanded on prior works by using a longitudinal design to examine the effects of TPB factors, together with sleep hygiene knowledge and planning constructs, on sleep hygiene behaviours and on sleep quality and health in a group of Iranian adolescents. A total of 1822 healthy adolescents (mean age = 13.97) from 25 high schools in Qazvin, Iran, completed a self‐reported survey at baseline and 6 months later. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to delineate the pathway from adolescents’ sleep hygiene knowledge, TPB constructs of their behavioural intentions and sleep hygiene behaviours and their sleep quality and self‐reported health. The SEM model demonstrated that although behavioural intention, coping planning and action planning predicted the sleep hygiene behaviours positively 6 months later with acceptable model fit [comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.936; Tucker–Lewis index (TLI) = 0.902; root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.080; standardized root mean square residual (SRMR) = 0.044], sleep hygiene knowledge did not predict behavioural intentions significantly. Sleep hygiene behaviours were associated with sleep quality and psychiatric wellbeing. Thus, the TPB, combined with coping and action planning, is useful in understanding the sleep hygiene behaviours of adolescents. Health‐care providers may want to emphasize TPB constructs and coping and action planning to improve adolescents’ sleep hygiene behaviours, rather than rely solely upon increasing adolescents’ sleep hygiene knowledge.