bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION ALOS AVNIR DATA USING IKONOS AS REFERENCE
Authors: Trisakti Bambang , Ambarwati Dini Oktaviana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract. Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) is a Japanese satellite equipped with 3 sensors i.e., PRISM, AVNIR, and PALSAR. The Advanced Visible and Near Infrared Radiometer (AVNIR) provides multi spectral sensors ranging from Visible to Near Infrared to observe land and coastal zones. It has 10 meter spatial resolution, which can be used to map land cover with a scale of 1:25000. The purpose of this research was to determineclassification for land cover mapping using ALOS AVNIR data. Training samples were collected for 11 land cover classes from Bromo volcano by visually referring to very high resolution data of IKONOS panchromatic data. The training samples were divided into samples for classification input and samples for accuracy evaluation. Principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted for AVNIR data, and the generated PCA bands were classified using Maximum Likehood Enhanced Neighbor method. The classification result was filtered and re-classed into 8 classes. Misclassifications were evaluated and corrected in the post processing stage. The accuracy of classifications results, before and after post processing, were evaluated using confusion matrix method. The result showed that Maximum Likelihood Enhanced Neighbor classifier with post processing can produce land cover classification result of AVNIR data with good accuracy (total accuracy 94% and kappa statistic 0.92). ALOS AVNIR has been proven as a potential satellite data to map land cover in the study area with good accuracy.
ORTORECTIFICATION OF SPOT-4 DATA USING RATIONAL POLYNOMIAL COEFFICIENTS
Authors: Candra Danang Surya 
Published: January 2018

Orthorectification of satellite imagery can be done in two ways i.e., rigorous sensor model and the approximation model of the satellite’s orbit. Dependence on physicalparameters, to make rigorous sensor model is more complicated and difficult to apply. The approximation model can be either Rational Polynomial Coefficients (RPC) model or parallel projection system. RPC is a mathematical model which is not depends on the sensor. It is used to improve the positioning accuracy when the parameter of the physical sensor model is unknown. This study assessed orthorectification of SPOT-4 using the RPC model with 7 coefficients. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of GCPs obtained from the study was less than 1 pixel. RPC did not depend on physical and satellite orbit parameters. Thus the RPC was simpler and easier to apply.
LAND COVER CLASSIFICATION OF ALOS PALSAR DATA USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE
Authors: Sambodo Katmoko Ari , Indriasari Novie 
Published: January 2018

Land cover classification is one of the extensive used applications in the field of remote sensing. Recently, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data has become an increasing popular data source because its capability to penetrate through clouds, haze, and smoke. This study showed on an alternative method for land cover classification of ALOS-PALSAR data using Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. SVM discriminates two classes by fitting an optimal separating hyperplane to the training data in a multidimensional feature space, by using only the closest training samples. In order to minimize the presence of outliers in the training samples and to increase inter-class separabilities, prior to classification, a training sample selection and evaluation technique by identifying its position in a horizontal vertical–vertical horizontal polarization (HV-HH) feature space was applied. The effectiveness of our method was demonstrated using ALOS PALSAR data (25 m mosaic, dual polarization) acquired in Jambi and South Sumatra, Indonesia. There were nine different classes discriminated: forest, rubber plantation, mangrove & shrubs with trees, oilpalm & coconut, shrubs, cropland, bare soil, settlement, and water. Overall accuracy of 87.79% was obtained, with producer’s accuracies for forest, rubber plantation, mangrove & shrubs with trees, cropland, and water class were greater than 92%.
AN EFFECTIVE INFORMATION SYSTEM OF DROUGHT IMPACT ON RICE PRODUCTION BASED ON REMOTE SENSING
Authors: Shofiyati Rizatus , Takeuchi Wataru , Darmawan Soni , Sofan Parwati 
Published: January 2018

Long droughts experienced in the past are identified as one of the main factors in the failure of rice production. In this regard, special attention to monitor the condition is encouraged to reduce the damage. Currently, various satellite data and approaches can withdraw valuable information for monitoring and anticipating drought hazards. MODIS, MTSAT, AMSR-E, TRMM and GSMaP have been used in this activity. Meteorological drought index (SPI) of the daily and monthly rainfall data from TRMM and GSMaP have analyzed for last 10-year period. While, agronomic drought index has been studied by observing the character of some indices (EVI, VCI, VHI, LST, and NDVI) of sixteen-day and monthly MODIS, MTSAT, and AMSR-E data at a period of 4 years. Network for satellite data transfer has been built between LAPAN (data provider), ICALRD (implementer), IAARD Cloud Computing, University of Tokyo (technical supporter), and NASA. Two information system have been developed: 1) agricultural drought using the model developed by LAPAN, and 2) meteorological drought developed by Takeuchi (University of Tokyo).The accuracy study using quantitative method for LAPAN model uses VHI is 60% (Kappa 0,44), while that of for University of Tokyo model uses qualitative model with KBDI value 500-600 shows an early indication of drought for paddy field. This will help the government or field officers in rapid management actions for the indicated drought area.This paper describes the implementation and dissemination of drought impact monitoring model on the area of rice production center using an integrated information system satellite based model. The two developed information systems are effective for spatially dissemination of drought information.
DETECTING THE AFFECTED AREAS OF MOUNT SINABUNG ERUPTION USING LANDSAT 8 IMAGERIES BASED ON REFLECTANCE CHANGE
Authors: Suwarsono . , Hidayat . , Nugroho Jalu Tejo , Wiweka . , Parwati . , Khomarudin M. Rokhis 
Published: January 2018

The position of Indonesia as part of a "ring of fire" bringing the consequence that the life of the nation and the state will also be influenced by volcanism. Therefore, it is necessary to map rapidly the affected areas of a volcano eruption. Objective of the research is to detect the affected areas of Mount Sinabung eruption recently in North Sumatera by using optical images Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI). A pair of Landsat 8 images in 2013 and 2014, period before and after eruption, was used to analysis the reflectance change from that period. Affected areas of eruption was separated based on threshold value of reflectance change. The research showed that the affected areas of Mount Sinabung eruption can be detected and separated by using Landsat 8 OLI images based on the change of reflectance value band 4, 5 and NDVI. Band 5 showed the highest values of decreasing and band 4 showed the highest values of increasing. Compared with another uses of single band, the combination of both bands (NDVI) give the best result for detecting the affected areas of volcanic eruption.
VALIDATION OF COCHLODINIUM POLYKRIKOIDES RED TIDE DETECTION USING SEAWIFS-DERIVED CHLOROPHYLL-A DATA WITH NFRDI RED TIDE MAP IN SOUTH EAST KOREAN WATERS
Authors: Winarso Gathot , Ishizaka Joji 
Published: January 2018

Annual summer red tides of Cochlodinium polykrikoides have happenned at southern coastal of the South Korea, accounted economic losses of 76.4 billion won in 1995 on fisheries and other economic substantial losses. Therefore, it is important to eliminate the damage and losses by monitoring the bloom and to forecast their development and movement. On previous study, ocean color satellite, SeaWiFS, standard chlorophyll-a data was used to detect the red tide, using threshold value of chlorophyll-a concentration ≥ 5 mg/m3, resulted a good correlation using visual comparison. However, statistic based accuracy analysis has not be done yet. In this study, the accuracy of detection method was analyzed using spatial statistic. Spatial statistical match up analysis resulted 68% of red tide area was not presented in satellite data due to masking. Within red tide area where data existed, 36% was in high chlorophyll-a area and 64% was in low chlorophyll-a area. Within the high chlorophyll-a area 13% and 87% was in and out of the red tide area. It was found that the accuracy of this detection is low. However if the accuracy was yearly splitted, its found that 75% accuracy on 2002 where visually red tide detected spead out to the off-shore area. The fail and false detection are not due to the failure of the detection method but caused by limitation of the technology due to the natural condition i.e. type of red tide spreading, cloud cover and other flags such as turbid water, stray light etc.
MACHINE LEARNING-BASED MANGROVE LAND CLASSIFICATION ON WORLDVIEW-2 SATELLITE IMAGE IN NUSA LEMBONGAN ISLAND
Authors: Ilham Aulia , Marzuki Marza Ihsan 
Published: January 2018

Machine learning is an empirical approach for regressions, clustering and/or classifying (supervised or unsupervised) on a non-linear system. This method is mainly used to analyze a complex system for wide data observation. In remote sensing, machine learning method could be used for image data classification with software tools independence. This research aims to classify the distribution, type, and area of mangroves using Akaike Information Criterion approach for case study in Nusa Lembongan Island. This study is important because mangrove forests have an important role ecologically, economically, and socially. For example is as a green belt for protection of coastline from storm and tsunami wave. Using satellite images Worldview-2 with data resolution of 0.46 meters, this method could identify automatically land class, sea class/water, and mangroves class. Three types of mangrove have been identified namely: Rhizophora apiculata, Sonnetaria alba, and other mangrove species. The result showed that the accuracy of classification was about 68.32%.
Informal Street Food Trade: A Source of Income Generation in Urban Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Dipak Bahadur 
Published: January 2018

Street food trade is a growing sector in many developing countries, Nepal among them. As a means to provide low-cost food to a growing urban population of poor, unemployed people and low-wageworkers, street food trade –a predominantly self and family-based activity – has become an opportunity to generate income for many among those same urban poor living in Kathmandu Metropolitan City. On the basis of cross-sectional data collected from a sample of 50 street food vendors in two main areas of the city – namely New Bus Park and Ratna Park – this chapter analyzes the determinants affecting street food vendors’ income: whether it is correlated to vendors’ investment rates, education level, and labor supply, thus attempting to find employment and income patterns. Data are analyzed using OLS regression, and STATA- 12 statistical software. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23 & 24 No. 1-2 (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 1-17
Foreign Aid in Nepal
Authors: Pandey Kiran Bahadur 
Published: January 2018

Foreign aid is essential for least developed countries like Nepal because these countries have the shortage of fund to meet their domestic investment for accelerating economic development and also to finance the import of essential capital goods required for the development. Nepal receives foreign aid from bilateral and multilateral sources. Following a descriptive approaches this paper analyses the trend of foreign did flow in Nepal from aggregative perspective. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23&24 No. 1-2, (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 71-76
Economic Interpretation of Philosophy of Bhagavad Gita: A Descriptive Analysis
Authors: Pandey Yuba Raj 
Published: January 2018

Bhagavad Gita has proposed number of economic principles and values. In his recent book, The Idea of Justice, Amartya Sen discusses main massage of the Bhagavat Gita that is ‘duty is important’. In addition to this, the central thesis of the Gita from the philosophical view is found through the concept of yoga. The path of action without motive (or the path of Niskam Karma Yoga) is the most important of those various principles. The path of knowledge (Gyan Yoga) and the path of commitment to work (Bhakti Yoga) are other important principles. Bhagavad Gita analyses in detail the behavioral nature of different individuals and the result of the behavior of the individual. It emphasizes on the good moral character and considers labour as the duty of each and every individual. Similarly it describes about the qualities of life and the happiness of people. Self-reliance of the individual is also emphasized in the Bhagavad Gita. Full commitment to fulfill ones assigned task makes the task successfully accomplished even if people do not care about the fruit (returns from it) before doing the task. Doubts and continuous eye in the fruit work may divert the attention of the actor from the work to the fruit only. Full concentration in the work is necessary to make the work fully successful. The concepts of sustainable development and human development also have their roots in the Bhagavad Gita. Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23&24 No. 1-2, (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 77-101
Cost and Consequences of Integrated Public Health Campaign in Baglung District, Nepal
Authors: Subedi Sudarshan , Sharma Bishnu Prasad , Adhikari Chiranjivi 
Published: January 2018

Correction: On 17th May 2020 the third author's name was changed from 'Chiranjibi' to 'Chiranjivi'
Budget allocated, especially for new pilot program should yield better health effects than the regular ones. The government of Nepal launched Integrated Public Health Campaign (IPHC), a new type of intervention to make rural and vulnerable communities more aware about basic level health care services and increase their utilization. This paper examines the cost of the campaign and its outcomes in terms of providing awareness, utilization of maternal health services and improving health indicators. The study followed a comparative quasi experimental design, study unit being the household and the campaign. Case and Control village development committees (VDCs) were selected from the same territory and matched based on the criteria of IPHC and other socio-demographic & health services characteristics. Cost calculation was based on direct method whereas the effectiveness was measured by analyzing the output of campaign between case and control VDC. The total cost of the campaign was NRs. 18, 00,000 with per household cost NRs. 585.93 and per capita cost NRs. 123.11. The awareness level of Free Health Services (FHS), Primary Health Care-Out Reach Centre and Safe Delivery Incentive Program (SDIP) was found to be 3.3, 2.65 and 1.95 times more in people of Case VDC than those of Control VDC. Moreover, there was no significant association between implementation of campaign with different practices of maternal health viz. Antenatal Care visit, delivery, SDIP and post natal care visit. The campaign was found effective in improving the status of OPD visit, measles, TT2+, growth monitoring of children and vitamin A supplementation to postpartum mothers. The campaign was effective in limited aspects. In case of its continuation, revision is necessary with the introduction of newer and better approaches.
Economic Journal of Development Issues Vol. 23&24 No. 1-2, (2017) Combined Issue, Page : 113-122
Decreased Invasion of Urothelial Carcinoma of the Bladder by Inhibition of Matrix-Metalloproteinase 7
Authors: Bolenz Christian , Knauf Daniel , John Axel , Erben Philipp , Steidler Annette , Schneider Stefan W. , Günes Cagatay , Gorzelanny Christian 
Published: January 2018

Objectives: To measure and to modulate the invasive potential of urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) cells in a standardized preclinical setting using broad-spectrum matrix-metalloproteinase (MMPs) inhibitors and specific targeting of MMP7. Materials and Methods: MMP expression levels in UCB cells were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and gel zymographies of cell supernatants (MMP9, MMP2 and MMP1) and cell lysates (MMP7). The invasiveness of human UCB cells (HT1197 and T24/83) and human benign urothelial cells (UROtsa) was modulated by a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor (4-Aminobenzoyl-Gly-Pro-D-Leu-D-Ala hydroxamic acid; AHA) and by MMP7 specific siRNAs. MMP7 knockdown efficiency was assessed by qRT-PCR and western blot. Invasive potential of UCB cells was measured by a standardized trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) assay. Results: Different MMP secretion profiles were measured in UCB cells. The active form of MMP7 was exclusively detected in HT1197 cells. Characteristic TEER breakdown patterns were observed in UCB cells when compared to benign cells. Invasive potentials were significantly higher in HT1197 cells than in T24/83 and in UROtsa cells [14.8±5.75 vs. 1.5±0.56 and 1.2±0.15, respectively; p < 0.01]. AHA treatment reduced the invasive potential of HT1197 cells. Also the specific downregulation of MMP7 by siRNA lowered the HT1197 cell invasiveness [20±1.0 vs. 16±2.8; p < 0.05]. Neither AHA nor MMP-7 siRNA transfection altered the invasive potential of T24/83 cells. Conclusions: Invasion of UCB is partially dependent on MMPs. Specific targeting of MMP7 by siRNA reduces the invasive potential in a subgroup of UCB cells. Therefore, MMP7 represents a potential therapeutic target which warrants further investigation.
Defining Priorities to Improve Patient Experience in Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Garg Tullika , Connors Jill Nault , Ladd Ilene G. , Bogaczyk Tyler L. , Larson Sharon L. 
Published: January 2018

Background: Although approximately 75% of bladder cancers are non-muscle invasive (NMIBC) at diagnosis, most research tends to focus on invasive disease (e.g., experiences related to radical cystectomy and urinary diversion). There is a lack of studies on quality of life, and especially qualitative research, in bladder cancer generally. As a result, relatively little is known about the experiences and needs of NMIBC patients. Objective: To understand patient experience, define care priorities, and identify targets for care improvement in NMIBC across the cancer continuum. Methods: Through focus groups, patients treated for NMIBC (stage <T2) were invited to share their care experiences including diagnosis, treatment, and survivorship. Transcripts were analyzed using conventional content analysis to identify themes and subthemes. Results: Twenty patients (16 male, 4 female, all white) participated in three focus groups. Five primary themes emerged: access to care, provider characteristics and communication, quality of life, goals of care/influences on decision-making, and role of social support. Patients with NMIBC desired timely access to care and honest and caring provider communication. They described urinary function and emotional quality of life changes resulting from diagnosis and treatment. Avoiding cystectomy and being alive for family were the major decision influencers. Conclusion: In this qualitative study, we identified access to care, provider characteristics and communication, quality of life, values/influences on decision-making, and social support as priority areas to improve patient experience in NMIBC. Care redesign efforts should focus on improving access, enhancing provider communication, reducing side effects, and supporting caregiver roles.
Liquid Biopsy-Analysis of Circulating Tumor DNA (ctDNA) in Bladder Cancer
Authors: Todenhöfer Tilman , Struss Werner J. , Seiler Roland , Wyatt Alexander William , Black Peter C. 
Published: January 2018

Recent advances in DNA profiling techniques have enabled sensitive detection of tumor-associated genomic aberrations in peripheral blood. This type of minimally-invasive molecular interrogation has the potential to guide subsequent treatment selection. The potential utility of ctDNA in bladder cancer (BC) is bolstered by the high somatic mutation rate, meaning that very small numbers of genes or target regions can be informative. First reports indicate that analysis of ctDNA may represent a sensitive method for disease surveillance in patients with different stages of BC. Moreover, recent evidence suggests that ctDNA analysis reveals previously unknown genomic alterations in metastatic patients. Since some of these gene alterations represent therapeutic targets, ctDNA analysis provides an attractive tool to guide individualized therapy in BC.
Body Mass Index, Diet-Related Factors, and Bladder Cancer Prognosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Westhoff Ellen , Witjes J. Alfred , Fleshner Neil E. , Lerner Seth P. , Shariat Shahrokh F. , Steineck Gunnar , Kampman Ellen , Kiemeney Lambertus A. , Vrieling Alina 
Published: January 2018

Background: Urologists are frequently confronted with questions of urinary bladder cancer (UBC) patients about what they can do to improve their prognosis. Unfortunately, it is largely unknown which lifestyle factors can influence prognosis. Objective: To systematically review the available evidence on the association between body mass index (BMI), diet, dietary supplements, and physical activity and UBC prognosis. Methods: We searched PubMed and Embase up to May 2017. We included thirty-one articles reporting on observational and randomized controlled trials investigating BMI, diet and dietary supplements in relation to recurrence, progression, cancer-specific or all-cause mortality in UBC patients. Results: In non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients, both overweight (3 studies, pooled hazard ratio (HR) 1.29, 95% CI 1.05–1.58, I2 = 0%) as well as obesity (3 studies, pooled HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.12–2.95, I2 = 79%) were associated with increased risk of recurrence when compared to normal weight. No association of BMI with risk of progression was found. Results for BMI and prognosis in muscle-invasive or in all stages series were inconsistent. Observational studies on diet and randomized controlled trials with dietary supplements showed inconsistent results. No studies on physical activity and UBC prognosis have been published to date. Conclusions: Evidence for an association of lifestyle factors with UBC prognosis is limited, with some evidence for an association of BMI with risk of recurrence in NMIBC. Well-designed, prospective studies are needed to develop evidence-based guidelines on this topic.