bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential roles of microRNAs and their target genes in human multiple myeloma
Authors: Yang Yong , Lin Jisheng , Ma Zhao , Li Jinjun , Li Dong , Wang Bingqiang , Fei Qi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe etiology of multiple myeloma (MM) is unknown and it remains incurable. We sought to elucidate the mechanisms underlying miRNAs involvement in MM pathogenesis.MethodsPublic mRNA and miRNA expression datasets for MM were collected from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. By integrated bioinformatics analysis, the expression signatures were identified and the miRNA‐mRNA interaction network was constructed. The potential functions of target genes were then explored by functional enrichment analysis.ResultsTotally, 839 differentially expressed mRNAs and six differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. The context of miRNAs‐mediated genes regulatory network consisted of 288 possible miRNA‐mRNA target pairs. The hub miRNA was hsa‐miR‐92a, which can serve as the indicator for MM disease status. Another miRNA, hsa‐miR‐148a, could be useful for prognosis of MM. Functional annotation revealed that the miRNA targets may play important roles in viral infection and proteasome. Moreover, miRNA targets may be involved in renal cell carcinoma and other nervous system disease such as Huntington's disease, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, which may be subsequent complications of MM.ConclusionsInfections could be a leading cause for the morbidity of MM patients. The crucial protein degradation machinery may be essential in the pathogenesis of MM.
Quantifying predator dependence in the functional response of generalist predators
Authors: Novak Mark , Wolf Christopher , Coblentz Kyle E. , Shepard Isaac D. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA long‐standing debate concerns how functional responses are best described. Theory suggests that ratio dependence is consistent with many food web patterns left unexplained by the simplest prey‐dependent models. However, for logistical reasons, ratio dependence and predator dependence more generally have seen infrequent empirical evaluation and then only so in specialist predators, which are rare in nature. Here we develop an approach to simultaneously estimate the prey‐specific attack rates and predator‐specific interference (facilitation) rates of predators interacting with arbitrary numbers of prey and predator species in the field. We apply the approach to surveys and experiments involving two intertidal whelks and their full suite of potential prey. Our study provides strong evidence for predator dependence that is poorly described by the ratio dependent model over manipulated and natural ranges of species abundances. It also indicates how, for generalist predators, even the qualitative nature of predator dependence can be prey‐specific.
Weather as a risk factor for epileptic seizures: A case‐crossover study
Authors: Rakers Florian , Walther Mario , Schiffner Rene , Rupprecht Sven , Rasche Marius , Kockler Michael , Witte Otto W. , Schlattmann Peter , Schwab Matthias 
Published: May 2017

SummaryObjectiveMost epileptic seizures occur unexpectedly and independently of known risk factors. We aimed to evaluate the clinical significance of patients’ perception that weather is a risk factor for epileptic seizures.MethodsUsing a hospital‐based, bidirectional case‐crossover study, 604 adult patients admitted to a large university hospital in Central Germany for an unprovoked epileptic seizure between 2003 and 2010 were recruited. The effect of atmospheric pressure, relative air humidity, and ambient temperature on the onset of epileptic seizures under temperate climate conditions was estimated.ResultsWe found a close‐to‐linear negative correlation between atmospheric pressure and seizure risk. For every 10.7 hPa lower atmospheric pressure, seizure risk increased in the entire study population by 14% (odds ratio [OR] 1.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.28). In patients with less severe epilepsy treated with one antiepileptic medication, seizure risk increased by 36% (1.36, 1.09–1.67). A high relative air humidity of >80% increased seizure risk in the entire study population by up to 48% (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.11–1.96) 3 days after exposure in a J‐shaped association. High ambient temperatures of >20°C decreased seizure risk by 46% in the overall study population (OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32–0.90) and in subgroups, with the greatest effects observed in male patients (OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14–0.74).SignificanceLow atmospheric pressure and high relative air humidity are associated with an increased risk for epileptic seizures, whereas high ambient temperatures seem to decrease seizure risk. Weather‐dependent seizure risk may be accentuated in patients with less severe epilepsy. Our results require further replication across different climate regions and cohorts before reliable clinical recommendations can be made.
Nutrition considerations for the aged horse
Authors: Jarvis N. , Paradis M. R. , Harris P. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryAs the proportion of aged horses within the general equine population appears to be increasing in theUKand other developed countries, it is important to be aware of the changing dietary requirements associated with the ageing process and age‐related diseases. This review provides guidelines for optimal nutrition of the older horse with practical approaches to improve or maintain body condition and support general health.
Description of the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome of proximal limb and pelvic fractures in Hong Kong racehorses during 2003–2014
Authors: McGlinchey L. , Hurley M. J. , Riggs C. M. , Rosanowski S. M. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackgroundFew studies have described incidences of proximal limb and pelvic fracture (PLPF) in Thoroughbred racehorses occurring on race day and during training. Information regarding clinical presentations and future racing careers in cases ofPLPFis limited.ObjectivesTo describe the incidence, clinical presentation and outcome ofPLPFsustained by horses in racing and training at the Hong Kong Jockey Club (HKJC) between 2003 and 2014.Study designRetrospective cohort study.MethodsHorses withPLPFconfirmed by nuclear scintigraphy, ultrasonography, radiography or post‐mortem examination were identified using veterinary clinical records. Training and racing data for case horses were described. Incidences of fractures were estimated per 1000 horses in training and per 1000 race starts for fractures sustained during racing. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the study population.ResultsA total of 129 instances ofPLPFwere sustained by 108 racehorses. The most commonly fractured bone was the humerus (49.6%), followed by the tibia (29.4%). Nine horses sustained fatal fractures, eight of which occurred during racing. The incidence of fracture during racing was 0.30 per 1000 starts. Two‐thirds of fractures occurred during training. The majority of horses presented with grade 3 lameness (n = 42 of 119 injury events, 35.3%). All horses presenting with grade 5 lameness sustained fatal injuries. Following noncatastrophic injury, all horses underwent box rest and 81 horses subsequently resumed racing; 45 of these won a race. Horses were retired at a median of 25 months (interquartile range: 15–36 months) after injury.Main limitationsProtocols for resting non‐training racehorses at theHKJCand for recording rehabilitation regimens post‐injury prevented the calculation of horse days at risk.ConclusionsThe incidence ofPLPFat theHKJCis low. Non‐fatalPLPFis not necessarily a career‐ending injury and many horses resume racing successfully following conservative treatment.
A modified loading method for separating the effect of residual stress on fatigue crack growth rate of welded joints
Authors: Xu Y. , Bao R. , Liu H. , Zhang X. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA novel loading method is proposed to remove the effect of residual stress on measured fatigue crack growth rate in welded joint, using which the influence of empirical crack growth rate correlation equations on the results can be avoided. The total stress intensity factor range and the effective stress ratios corresponding to the combined effect of applied and residual stress are kept constant during the fatigue crack growth test, by changing the applied maximum and minimum loads with the increase of crack length and changes in residual stress based on the superposition rule. The feasibility of the proposed method was validated by tests of compact tension specimens containing residual stresses introduced by four‐point bending. The loading method was then applied to a test of welded compact tension specimen with coupled effect of residual stress and microstructure change on fatigue crack growth rate. The fluctuation in the separated crack growth rate reflects the effect of microstructure change on fatigue crack growth rate.
Exploring Flipped Classroom Effects on Second Language Learners’ Cognitive Processing
Authors: Kim Jeong‐eun , Park Hyunjin , Jang Mijung , Nam Hosung 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis study investigated the cognitive effects of the flipped classroom approach in a content‐based instructional context by comparing second language learners’ discourse in flipped vs. traditional classrooms in terms of (1) participation rate, (2) content of comments, (3) reasoning skills, and (4) interactional patterns. Learners in two intact classes participated and were taught in either a flipped classroom (n = 26) or a traditional classroom (n = 25). In the flipped class, the learners listened to an online lecture before class and participated in a small‐group discussion in class. In contrast, the learners in the traditional class listened to a teacher‐led lecture in class and then immediately participated in a small‐group discussion in class. The learners’ discussions were audiorecorded. Quantitative and qualitative analyses indicated no difference in participation rates; however, the students in the flipped classroom produced more cognitive comments involving deeper information processing and higher‐order reasoning skills and showed more cohesive interactional patterns than did the students in the traditional classroom. These results indicate that flipped classrooms can effectively promote higher‐order thinking processes and in‐depth, cohesive discussion in the content‐based second language.
Net ecosystem fluxes and composition of biogenic volatile organic compounds over a maize field–interaction of meteorology and phenological stages
Authors: Wiß Felix , Ghirardo Andrea , Schnitzler Jörg‐Peter , Nendel Claas , Augustin Jürgen , Hoffmann Mathias , Grote Rüdiger 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBioenergy crop production is rapidly expanding in Europe, and the potential emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) might change the chemical composition of the atmosphere, influencing in turn air quality and regional climate. The environmental impacts of bioenergy crops on air chemistry are difficult to assess due to a lack of accurate field observations. Therefore, we studied BVOC fluxes from a bioenergy maize field in North‐Eastern Germany throughout the entire reproductive growth stage of the plants. Combining automated large chambers and proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR‐MS), we successfully measured fluxes of the highly reactive hydrocarbons monoterpenes (MTs) and sesquiterpenes (SQTs), together with several other BVOCs, including alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, benzenoids, and fatty acid derivatives. Emissions of MTs and SQTs were relatively high (17.0% and 3.6% of total mean molar BVOC emission, respectively) compared to methanol emissions (17.6%). Seasonal MT and SQT fluxes were clearly associated with the flowering phase, originating mainly from the flowering tissues as shown in additional laboratory experiments. From the observations of CO2 net ecosystem exchange and evapotranspiration rates, we could exclude heat and drought stress‐induced BVOC emissions. Standard emission factors calculated for all compounds, chemical groups, and growth stages, showed that the temperature dependency of volatile terpenoid fluxes decreased distinctively with proceeding development stage. The results indicate that emissions from large‐scale bioenergy maize fields should be better differentiated and considered in regional estimates of aerosol formation. For the implementation of such relation into biogeochemical modelling, it should be considered that not only seasonal weather development but also phenological growth stages are determining the BVOC patterns and emission potentials.
Comprehensive Headache Experience in Collegiate Student‐Athletes: An Initial Report From the NCAA Headache Task Force
Authors: Seifert Tad , Sufrinko Alicia , Cowan Robert , Scott Black W. , Watson Dave , Edwards Bill , Livingston Scott , Webster Keith , Akers David , Lively Mathew , Kontos Anthony P. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundThe prevalence of primary headache disorders in the general population provides a unique challenge in the evaluation of headache occurring in the context of sport. Despite a wealth of studies exploring the epidemiology of headache in the layperson, little is known about the prevalence and nature of headaches in collegiate student‐athletes. These scenarios are challenging in the return to play context, as it is often unclear whether an athlete has an exacerbation of a primary headache disorder, new onset headache unrelated to trauma, or has suffered a concussive injury.PurposeTo establish the prevalence and nature of headaches in collegiate student‐athletes.Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional survey.MethodsThis cross‐sectional survey evaluated the characteristics and prevalence of headache in 834 student‐athletes from four NCAA Division‐I institutions. Because headache occurrence may vary by sport (collision, contact, non‐contact), by sex, and medical history, our sample included male and female athletes in a variety of sports, with differing degrees of contact exposure. The 20 question survey collected data on personal and family history of headache, as well as concussion history.ResultsA total of 23.7% (n = 198) of participants reported having a personal history of migraine, 25.2% (n = 210) history of sinus headache, and 12.3% (n = 103) history of tension type headache. Among athletes with a prior history of concussion, 46.3% (n = 25) of females reported a history of migraine, while only 32.2% of males reported history of migraine (χ2 = 3.421, P = .064).ConclusionsThe etiology of increased prevalence of migraine in our study is unclear. Whether this is due to increased awareness of headache disorders, a consequence of contact exposure, or a predisposition for migraine development in this age group remains unclear. Further studies are indicated.
Effectiveness of XP‐endo Finisher and XP‐endo Finisher R in removing root filling remnants: a micro‐CT study
Authors: Silva E. J. N. L. , Belladonna F. G. , Zuolo A. S. , Rodrigues E. , Ehrhardt I. C. , Souza E. M. , De‐Deus G. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo evaluate the efficacy of filling material removal from oval‐shaped canals after the use of supplementary files (XP‐endo Finisher and XP‐endo Finisher R) through microcomputed tomographic (micro‐CT) analysis.MethodologyThe root canals of twenty maxillary single‐rooted teeth were prepared with Reciproc R25 files and filled with gutta‐percha and AH Plus sealer using the continuous wave of condensation technique. The root canals were then retreated using Reciproc R25 and R40 instruments. After this, the specimens were assigned to two groups according to the supplementary cleaning approach, using XP‐endo Finisher and XP‐endo Finisher R. The surface area and volume of removed filling material was assessed using micro‐CT imaging before and after the use of the XP‐endo instruments. Data were analysed statistically with a significance level of 5%.ResultsRemoval of filling material at 66.8% and 59.4% in volume and 67.3% and 61.4% in surface area was seen for the XP‐endo Finisher and the XP‐endo Finisher R files, respectively. The amount of filling material removed by both supplementary files was highly significant (P = 0.000). No significant difference in the percentage of removed filling material was detected for the XP‐endo instruments (P = 0.636 for volume and P = 0.667 for surface area).ConclusionsBoth XP‐endo files were equally effective in the removal of remaining filling material from straight oval‐shaped canals. None of the instruments were able to remove all the residual filling material.
Sensory characteristics and consumer acceptance of black walnut gelato
Authors: Lynch Catherine , Koppel Kadri , Reid William 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe objective of this study was to determine the sensory characteristics and consumer acceptance of gelato made with six black walnut cultivars: Davidson, Emma K, Football, Pounds, Sparks 127, and Vandersloot. The descriptive sensory panel found that black walnut ID, overall nutty and sour (P ≤ 0.05) attributes were different among gelato samples. The gelato samples were evaluated by 103 consumers for overall liking. Three clusters of consumers were found: one cluster of consumers (n = 29) liked milder black walnut flavour, while another (n = 20) liked more intense black walnut and overall nutty flavour. The third cluster of consumers (n = 54) liked all of the gelato samples. Consumer variation seeking tendency information was also collected. No significant differences in overall liking between the different types of variety seeking consumers. Gelati made with Pounds and Sparks 127 cultivars were accepted by all consumers indicating that these may be good cultivars to include in novel consumer products.
Impact of different storage times at room temperature of unspun citrated blood samples on routine coagulation tests results. Results of a bicenter study and review of the literature
Authors: Toulon P. , Metge S. , Hangard M. , Zwahlen S. , Piaulenne S. , Besson V. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryIntroductionA maximum delay between blood collection and coagulation testing of 4 hours is recommended by most guidelines. As information on optimal storage times is limited, we investigated the potential effect of different storage times of unspun tubes, that is, ≤2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, on routine coagulation test results.MethodsFour evacuated polymer tubes containing 0.109 mol/L tri‐Na citrate were drawn from 144 patients, including 39 patients on vitamin K‐antagonists. Except for storage time, all tubes underwent the same preanalytical process. Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, factor V (FV), FVIII, and D‐dimer were evaluated in two centers using the same technical conditions.ResultsAnalytical comparison of aPTT, fibrinogen, FV, and FVIII results evaluated after prolonged storage times vs a <2‐hours storage demonstrated significant difference, whereas PT/INR and D‐dimer remained unchanged up to 8 hours. Mean bias between test results obtained after prolonged storage times remained below the desirable values for all studied parameters except for FVIII evaluated after 6‐ and 8‐hours storages, but only in patients with FVIII above 100 IU/dL. Even though the corresponding bias of −5.2% and −8.5%, respectively, remained within the GEHT recommended limits of variation, its evaluation after an 8‐hours storage could lead to significant underestimation of FVIII.ConclusionThese results suggest that, in the studied technical conditions, PT/INR, aPTT, fibrinogen, FV, and D‐dimer can be reliably evaluated in tubes stored unspun at room temperature for up to 8 hours after blood collection. That optimal delay should be of 6 hours for FVIII.
Adult genitourinary sarcoma: Clinical characteristics and survival in a series of patients treated at a high‐volume institution
Authors: Wang Xianding , Tu Xiang , Tan Ping , Zhan Wenli , Nie Pan , Wei Bing , Li Xiaohong , Chen Libo , Lu Yiping , Han Ping 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo report our institutional experience in the management of adult genitourinary sarcoma.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of data on adult genitourinary sarcoma treated at the West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China from 1985 to 2010. Clinicopathological parameters were analyzed to determine their impact on overall, recurrence‐free and metastasis‐free survivals.ResultsA total of 46 women and 142 men were included, with a median age of 42 years. Of these, 152 cases were high‐grade. The most common site was the paratesticular region. Surgical resection was carried out in 155 patients (82.4%), with negative margin in 106. After a minimum follow up of 5 years, 20 patients (11.6%) survived disease‐free, 14 (8.1%) were alive with disease and 138 (80.2%) died of disease. Survival rates at 1, 3 and 5 years were 91.3%, 64.0% and 47.7%. In univariate analyses, liposarcoma, high grade, metastasis at diagnosis, a lack of surgical resection and positive margin were predictive of unfavorable survival. In multivariate analyses, high grade, a lack of surgical resection and chemotherapy were independent predictors of poor survival.ConclusionsAdult genitourinary sarcoma is an aggressive malignancy, usually presenting at advanced stage, with a high incidence of recurrence and metastasis. Complete resection and selective combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might constitute the optimal treatment for this disease.
Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin for the management of overactive bladder symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A multicenter, randomized, open‐label, controlled trial (DIrecT Study)
Authors: Yamanishi Tomonori , Asakura Hirotaka , Seki Narihito , Tokunaga Shoji 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination therapy with dutasteride and imidafenacin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and persistent overactive bladder symptoms.MethodsA total of 163 patients presenting an enlarged prostate (volume >30 mL) and persistent overactive bladder symptoms despite at least 8 weeks of tamsulosin were randomized to receive tamsulosin and dutasteride, or tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin at a 1:1 ratio. The primary end‐point was the mean change from baseline to week 24 in total overactive bladder symptom score.ResultsThe mean change in total overactive bladder symptom score from baseline at week 24 was −1.99 (95% confidence interval −2.57 to −1.41) in the tamsulosin and dutasteride group, and −3.12 (95% confidence interval −3.72 to −2.52) in the tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin group. The tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin group significantly improved total overactive bladder symptom score at week 24 as compared with the tamsulosin and dutasteride group; the mean difference was −1.18 (−2.02 to −0.34). The between‐group difference was statistically significant as early as week 4. The total International Prostate Symptom Score, storage subscore, quality of life index, and benign prostatic hyperplasia impact index also significantly improved in the tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin group.ConclusionsTamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin combination therapy improves overactive bladder symptoms and quality of life without causing serious adverse drug reactions in patients with enlarged prostate not responding to tamsulosin. This combination therapy seems to represent a promising therapeutic option in these patients.