bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of biological and social‐historical variables on the time taken to describe an angiosperm
Authors: Cavallin Evelin K. S. , Munhoz Cássia B. R. , Harris Stephen A. , Villarroel Daniel , Proença Carolyn E. B. 
Published: November 2016

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:By convention, scientific naming of angiosperm species began in 1753; it is estimated that 10–20% of species remain undescribed. To complete this task before rare, undescribed species go extinct, a better understanding of the description process is needed. The South American Cerrado biodiversity hotspot was considered a suitable model due to a high diversity of plants, habitats, and social history of species description.METHODS:A randomized sample of 214 species (2% of the angiosperm flora) and 22 variables were analyzed using multivariate analyses and analysis of variance.KEY RESULTS:Plants with wide global distributions, recorded from many areas, and above 2.6 m were described significantly earlier than narrowly distributed, uncommon species of smaller stature. The beginning of the career of the botanist who first collected the species was highly significant, with an average delay between first collection and description of 29 yr, and between type collection and description 19 yr; standard deviations were high and rose over time. Over a third of first collections were not cited in descriptions. Trends such as scientific specialization and decline of undescribed species were highlighted. Descriptions that involved potential collaboration between collectors and authors were significantly slower than those that did not.CONCLUSIONS:Results support four recommendations to hasten discovery of new species: (1) preferential collecting of plants below 2.6 m, at least in the Cerrado; (2) access to undetermined material in herbaria; (3) fieldwork in areas where narrow‐endemic species occur; (4) fieldwork by knowledgeable botanists followed by descriptive activity by the same.
A dataset of fishes in and around Inle Lake, an ancient lake of Myanmar, with DNA barcoding, photo images and CT/3D models
Authors: Kano Yuichi , Musikasinthorn Prachya , Iwata Akihisa , Tun Sein , Yun LKC , Win Seint , Matsui Shoko , Tabata Ryoichi , Yamasaki Takeshi , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: November 2016

Inle (Inlay) Lake, an ancient lake of Southeast Asia, is located at the eastern part of Myanmar, surrounded by the Shan Mountains. Detailed information on fish fauna in and around the lake has long been unknown, although its outstanding endemism was reported a century ago.
Based on the fish specimens collected from markets, rivers, swamps, ponds and ditches around Inle Lake as well as from the lake itself from 2014 to 2016, we recorded a total of 948 occurrence data (2120 individuals), belonging to 10 orders, 19 families, 39 genera and 49 species. Amongst them, 13 species of 12 genera are endemic or nearly endemic to the lake system and 17 species of 16 genera are suggested as non-native. The data are all accessible from the document “A dataset of Inle Lake fish fauna and its distribution (http://ipt.pensoft.net/resource.do?r=inle_fish_2014-16)”, as well as DNA barcoding data (mitochondrial COI) for all species being available from the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank (Accession numbers: LC189568–LC190411). Live photographs of almost all the individuals and CT/3D model data of several specimens are also available at the graphical fish biodiversity database (http://ffish.asia/INLE2016; http://ffish.asia/INLE2016-3D). The information can benefit the clarification, public concern and conservation of the fish biodiversity in the region.
Identification of Long Bone Fractures in Radiology Reports Using Natural Language Processing to support Healthcare Quality Improvement
Authors: Masino Aaron , Casper T. , Dean Jonathan , Bell Jamie , Enriquez Rene , Deakyne Sara , Chamberlain James , Alpern Elizabeth , Grundmeier Robert ,   The Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackground Important information to support healthcare quality improvement is often recorded in free text documents such as radiology reports. Natural language processing (NLP) methods may help extract this information, but these methods have rarely been applied outside the research laboratories where they were developed.Objective To implement and validate NLP tools to identify long bone fractures for pediatric emergency medicine quality improvement.Methods Using freely available statistical software packages, we implemented NLP methods to identify long bone fractures from radiology reports. A sample of 1,000 radiology reports was used to construct three candidate classification models. A test set of 500 reports was used to validate the model performance. Blinded manual review of radiology reports by two independent physicians provided the reference standard. Each radiology report was segmented and word stem and bigram features were constructed. Common English “stop words” and rare features were excluded. We used 10-fold cross-validation to select optimal configuration parameters for each model. Accuracy, recall, precision and the F1 score were calculated. The final model was compared to the use of diagnosis codes for the identification of patients with long bone fractures.Results There were 329 unique word stems and 344 bigrams in the training documents. A support vector machine classifier with Gaussian kernel performed best on the test set with accuracy=0.958, recall=0.969, precision=0.940, and F1 score=0.954. Optimal parameters for this model were cost=4 and gamma=0.005. The three classification models that we tested all performed better than diagnosis codes in terms of accuracy, precision, and F1 score (diagnosis code accuracy=0.932, recall=0.960, precision=0.896, and F1 score=0.927).Conclusions NLP methods using a corpus of 1,000 training documents accurately identified acute long bone fractures from radiology reports. Strategic use of straightforward NLP methods, implemented with freely available software, offers quality improvement teams new opportunities to extract information from narrative documents.Citation: Grundmeier RW, Masino AJ, Casper TC, Dean JM, Bell J, Enriquez R, Deakyne S, Chamberlain JM, Alpern ER. Identification of long bone fractures in radiology reports using natural language processing to support healthcare quality improvement.
Contributions to Real-time Metric Localisation with Wearable Vision Systems
Authors: Gutierrez Daniel 
Published: November 2016

Under the rapid development of electronics and computer science in the last years, cameras have becomeomnipresent nowadays, to such extent that almost everybody is able to carry one at all times embedded intotheir cellular phone. What makes cameras specially appealing for us is their ability to quickly capture a lot ofinformation of the environment encoded in one image or video, allowing us to immortalize special moments inour life or share reliable visual information of the environment with other persons. However, while the task ofextracting the information from an image may by trivial for us, in the case of computers complex algorithmswith a high computational burden are required to transform a raw image into useful information. In this sense, the same rapid development in computer science that allowed the widespread of cameras has enabled also the possibility of real-time application of previously practically infeasible algorithms.Among the current fields of research in the computer vision community, this thesis is specially concerned inmetric localisation and mapping algorithms. These algorithms are a key component in many practical applications such as robot navigation, augmented reality or reconstructing 3D models of the environment.The goal of this thesis is to delve into visual localisation and mapping from vision, paying special attentionto conventional and unconventional cameras which can be easily worn or handled by a human. In this thesis Icontribute in the following aspects of the visual odometry and SLAM (Simultaneous Localisation and Mapping)pipeline:- Generalised Monocular SLAM for catadioptric central cameras- Resolution of the scale problem in monocular vision- Dense RGB-D odometry- Robust place recognition- Pose-graph optimisation
Statistical and deterministic approaches for multimedia forensics
Authors: Pasquini Cecilia 
Published: November 2016

The increasing availability and pervasiveness of multimedia data in our society is before our very eyes.As a result of globalization and worldwide connectivity, people from all over the planet are exchanging constantly increasing amounts of images, videos, audio recordings on a daily basis. Coupled with the easy access to user-friendly editing software, this poses a number of problems related to the reliability and trustworthiness of such content, as well as its potential malevolent use. For this reason, the research field of multimedia forensics focuses on the development of forensic tools for verifying the authenticity of multimedia data. The hypothesis of pristine status of images, videos or audio tracks is called into question and can be rejected if traces of manipulation are detected with a certain degree of confidence. In this framework, studying traces left by any operation that could have been employed to process the data, either for malicious purposes or simply to improve their content or presentation, turns out to be of interest for a comprehensive forensic analysis. The goal of this doctoral study is to contribute to the field of multimedia forensics by exploiting intrinsic statistical and deterministic properties of multimedia data. With this respect, much work has been devoted to the study of JPEG compression traces in digital images, resulting in the development of several innovative approaches. Indeed, some of the main related research problems have been addressed and solution based on statistical properties of digital images have been proposed. In particular, the problem of identifying traces of JPEG compressions in images that have been decompressed and saved in uncompressed formats has been extensively studied, resulting in the design of novel statistical detectors. Given the enormous practical relevance, digital images in JPEG formats have also been considered. A novel method aimed at discriminating images compressed only once and more than once has been developed, and tested on a variety of images and forensic scenarios. Being the potential presence of intelligent counterfeiters ever increasingly studied, innovative counterforensic techniques to JPEG compression based on smart reconstruction strategies are proposed.Finally, we explore the possibility of defining and exploiting deterministic properties related to a certain processing operation in the forensic analysis. With this respect, we present a first approach targeted to the detection in one-dimensional data of a common data smoothing operation, the median filter. A peculiarity of this method is the ability of providing a deterministic response on the presence of median filtering traces in the data under investigation.
A variational approach to denoising problem
Authors: Thanh Dang Ngoc Hoang 
Published: November 2016

A digital image can be created by different digital devices, such as digital cameras, X-ray scanners, etc. In practice, such devices can give unexpected defects, for example, noise. The Gaussian noise and Poisson noise are very important, but their combination is important too. This mixed noise usually appears in electronic microscopic images, in aerospace images, etc. Our goal is to combine ROF model (for Gaussian noise removal) and modified ROF model (for Poisson noise removal) to create new model that can treat this combination effectively. Our model will treat this combination with considering proportion of noise between them.
El potencial ético y educativo de la epigénesis proactiva en Kathinka Evers
Authors: Pallarés-Domínguez Daniel 
Published: November 2016

English Title: "The ethical and educative potential of Kathinka Evers's proactive epigensis" Resumen: La profesora Kathinka Evers es una de las coordinadoras del área filosófica relativa a la conciencia del Human Brain Project (HBP). Basándose en trabajos de neurociencia, biología y filosofía, su propuesta de epigénesis proactiva mantiene que existe una simbiogénesis cultural inevitable, en la que el ser humano está influido en su carácter y comportamiento por los genes de la misma forma en que con sus acciones y su comportamiento puede influir a la larga en las variaciones genéticas de generaciones posteriores. El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar su propuesta para dar cuenta de la importancia de la ética y la educación en el seno de la cultura, frente a las visiones más reduccionistas y materialistas de la neuroética. Abstract: Professor Kathinka Evers is one of the coordinators of the philosophy area concerning consciousness of the Human Brain Project (HBP). Based on works in neuroscience, biology and philosophy, her proactive epigenesis proposal maintains that there is an inevitable cultural symbiogenesis in which genes have influence on human character and behavior in the same way as human actions and behavior can influence genetic variations in subsequent generations. The aim of this paper is to analyze this proposal in order to account for the importance of ethics and education in culture, and opposing more materialistic and reductionist views of neuroethics. Palabras clave: epigénesis proactiva, simbiogénesis cultural, neuroética, ética. Keywords: proactive epigenesis, cultural simbiogenesis, neuroethics, ethics.
La Generación del 14. España ante su modernidad inacabada, por Hugo Aznar, Elvira Alonso y Manuel Menéndez, eds.
Authors: Martínez Castelló José Miguel 
Published: November 2016

Reseña del llibro La Generación del 14. España ante su modernidad inacabada, editado por Hugo Aznar, Elvira Alonso y Manuel Menéndez.
Effects of silicate ion concentration on the formation of ceramic oxide layers produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation on Al alloy
Authors: Lee Jung-Hyung , Kim Seong-Jong 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) coatings were fabricated on 5083 Al alloy in KOH electrolyte solution with adding various concentrations of Na2SiO3. Changes in voltage–time response and micro-discharge evolution were analyzed, and the surface and cross-section of the resulting coating layer were further characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that discharge characteristics were evidently changed with different Na2SiO3 concentrations, particularly higher Na2SiO3 concentrations leading to lower dielectric breakdown voltages. It was found that porous surface structure became prevalent with increasing Na2SiO3 concentration. The EDS analysis confirmed the incorporation of Si element in the PEO coatings. The result of XRD analysis revealed that metastable phases such as γ- and η-alumina were produced as a result of PEO, while amorphous phases appeared with excessive Na2SiO3 concentrations (10 and 14 g/L). The coating thickness was significantly increased about 2–8 times with increasing Na2SiO3, almost depending on Na2SiO3 concentration.
What drives interannual variation in tree ring oxygen isotopes in the Amazon?
Authors: Baker J. C. A. , Gloor M. , Spracklen D. V. , Arnold S. R. , Tindall J. C. , Clerici S. J. , Leng M. J. , Brienen R. J. W. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOxygen isotope ratios in tree rings (δ18OTR) from northern Bolivia record local precipitation δ18O and correlate strongly with Amazon basin‐wide rainfall. While this is encouraging evidence that δ18OTR can be used for paleoclimate reconstructions, it remains unclear whether variation in δ18OTR is truly driven by within‐basin processes, thus recording Amazon climate directly, or if the isotope signal may already be imprinted on incoming vapor, perhaps reflecting a pan‐tropical climate signal. We use atmospheric back trajectories combined with satellite observations of precipitation, together with water vapor transport analysis to show that δ18OTR in Bolivia are indeed controlled by basin‐intrinsic processes, with rainout over the basin the most important factor. Furthermore, interannual variation in basin‐wide precipitation and atmospheric circulation are both shown to affect δ18OTR. These findings suggest δ18OTR can be reliably used to reconstruct Amazon precipitation and have implications for the interpretation of other paleoproxy records from the Amazon basin.
Strain‐induced permeability increase in volcanic rock
Authors: Farquharson Jamie I. , Heap Michael J. , Baud Patrick 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe extrusion of dense, viscous magma typically occurs along pronounced conduit‐parallel faults. To better understand the evolution of fault permeability with increasing strain, we measured the permeability of low‐porosity volcanic rock samples (basalt and andesite) that were deformed in the brittle regime to various levels of inelastic strain. We observed a progressive increase in sample permeability with increasing inelastic strain (i.e., with continued sliding on the fault plane). At the maximum imposed inelastic strain (0.11), sample permeability had increased by 3 orders of magnitude or more for all sample sets. Microstructural observations show that narrow shear fractures evolve into more complex fracture systems characterized by thick zones of friction‐induced cataclasis (gouge) with increasing inelastic strain. These data suggest that the permeability of conduit‐parallel faults hosted in the rock at the conduit‐wall rock interface will increase during lava extrusion, thus facilitating outgassing and hindering the transition to explosive behavior.
Diagnosis of Cushing's disease in a patient with consistently normal urinary free cortisol levels: a case report
Authors: Moloney Kelley J. , Mercado Jennifer U. , Ludlam William H. , Broyles Frances E. 
Published: November 2016

Key Clinical MessageThe urinary free cortisol (UFC) test is widely used for the screening of Cushing's syndrome. This case study illustrates the potential failure of the UFC test to correctly diagnose Cushing's disease (CD), indicating that the use of other complementary tests may be necessary to diagnose this disease in some cases.
Longitudinal SNP‐set association analysis of quantitative phenotypes
Authors: Wang Zhong , Xu Ke , Zhang Xinyu , Wu Xiaowei , Wang Zuoheng 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTMany genetic epidemiological studies collect repeated measurements over time. This design not only provides a more accurate assessment of disease condition, but allows us to explore the genetic influence on disease development and progression. Thus, it is of great interest to study the longitudinal contribution of genes to disease susceptibility. Most association testing methods for longitudinal phenotypes are developed for single variant, and may have limited power to detect association, especially for variants with low minor allele frequency. We propose Longitudinal SNP‐set/sequence kernel association test (LSKAT), a robust, mixed‐effects method for association testing of rare and common variants with longitudinal quantitative phenotypes. LSKAT uses several random effects to account for the within‐subject correlation in longitudinal data, and allows for adjustment for both static and time‐varying covariates. We also present a longitudinal trait burden test (LBT), where we test association between the trait and the burden score in linear mixed models. In simulation studies, we demonstrate that LBT achieves high power when variants are almost all deleterious or all protective, while LSKAT performs well in a wide range of genetic models. By making full use of trait values from repeated measures, LSKAT is more powerful than several tests applied to a single measurement or average over all time points. Moreover, LSKAT is robust to misspecification of the covariance structure. We apply the LSKAT and LBT methods to detect association with longitudinally measured body mass index in the Framingham Heart Study, where we are able to replicate association with a circadian gene NR1D2.
Preferences of psychiatric practitioners for core symptoms of major depressive disorder: a hidden conjoint analysis
Authors: Riepe Matthias W. , Gritzmann Peter , Brieden Andreas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAccording to ICD‐10 and DSM‐V, symptoms of depressive disorder are considered to be equally important for severity judgment. It was the goal to investigate the weight of selected symptom complexes for severity judgment. In workaday life severity judgment results from an overall impression rather than from calculating severity in different symptom complexes, separately. In fact, the drivers for overall judgment may not be known explicitly to the psychiatrist himself. A method of choice to resolve this is conjoint analysis. Based on the Montgomery–Asberg Depression Scale (MADRS) and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) case vignettes were constructed. Different symptom severity in the domains mood, vegetative symptoms, cognition/inhibition, suicidality, and everyday functioning were worked into the vignettes. Different symptom complexes influence the severity judgment by clinical psychiatrists to a rather different extent. Mood has a greater impact on severity judgment than suicidality, cognition/inhibition, vegetative symptoms, and everyday functioning. We conclude that core complexes of major depressive disorder are valued with different clinical relevance by psychiatrists. Thus, diagnosis and appraisal of therapeutic efficacy are subject to individual preferences of clinical psychiatrists and prevalence and therapeutic efficacy may be over‐ or under‐estimated unless these differences in preferences are taken into account.
Surface‐initiated nitroxide‐mediated polymerization of sodium 4‐styrene sulfonate from latex particles
Authors: St Thomas Claude , Cabello‐Romero Judith Nazareth , Garcia‐Valdez Omar , Jiménez‐Regalado Enrique Javier , Maldonado‐Textle Hortensia , Guerrero‐Santos Ramiro 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn this study, we report the use of a double‐headed dialkoxyamine trithiocarbonate (I) capable of acting as chain transfer agent via reversible addition‐fragmentation chain transfer polymerization or as initiator via nitroxide‐mediated polymerization. It is worth mentioning that I was revealed as an effective dual chain transfer agent in the synthesis of multiblock copolymers via bulk and emulsion processes. In this article, we report the employing of I in dispersed systems to obtain amphiphilic multiblock copolymers and latexes. In this case, a water soluble macroagent of PAA previously synthetized was used in disperse media using a mixture of methanol/water (70:30, w/w). Stable latexes were obtained via polymerization‐induced self‐assembly and surface‐initiated polymerization of SSNa from alkoxyamine‐functionalized latex PAA‐b‐PS‐b‐PAA was also obtained © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 437–444
Type Reconstruction for $$\lambda $$-DRT Applied to Pronoun Resolution
Authors: Leiß Hans , Wu Shuqian 
Published: November 2016

Abstract$$\lambda $$
λ
-DRT is a typed theory combining simply typed $$\lambda $$
λ
-calculus with discourse representation theory, used for modelling the semantics of natural language. With the aim of type-checking natural language texts in the same vein as is familiar from type-checking programs, we propose untyped$$\lambda $$
λ
-DRT with automatic type reconstruction. We show a principal types theorem for $$\lambda $$
λ
-DRT and how type reconstruction can be used to make pronoun resolution type-correct, i.e. the inferred types of a pronoun occurrence and its antecedent noun phrase have to be compatible, thereby reducing the number of possible antecedents.