bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reverse-transcriptase real-time PCR in the diagnostic strategy for invasive infections caused by
Aspergillus fumigatus
Authors: Gibert Charles , Tirard-Collet Pauline , Miossec Charline , Dupont Damien , Persat Florence , Wallon Martine , Ader Florence , Devouassoux Gilles , Ducastelle Sophie , Labussière-Wallet Hélène , Paulus Sylvie , Guichon Céline , Lukaszewicz Anne-Claire , Richard Jean-Christophe , Wallet Florent , Alanio Alexandre , Rabodonirina Meja , Menotti Jean 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The aim was to develop an RT-qPCR targeting
Aspergillus fumigatus
and compare its performance to that of
Aspergillus fumigatus
qPCR for the diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis (IA). Samples from patients of the Lyon University hospitals for whom a suspicion of IA led to the realization of an
Aspergillus fumigatus
qPCR molecular diagnostic test over a 2-year period were included. The patients were classified according to the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group (EORTC-MSGERC) criteria for suspected IA; RT-qPCR and qPCR assays were performed on all included samples. The sensitivities and specificities of RT-qPCR and qPCR were calculated and compared using the results of the EORTC-MSGERC classification as reference. The cycle threshold (Ct) results were compared according to IA classification and sample type. Among the 193 samples analyzed, 91 were classified as IA excluded, 46 as possible IA, 53 as probable IA, and 3 as proven IA. For all sample types, RT-qPCR was significantly more sensitive than qPCR for all IA classifications with an additional 17/102 samples detected (
P
-value < 0.01). For plasma samples, sensitivity was significantly higher and specificity significantly lower using RT-qPCR for all IA classifications (
P
-value < 0.001). The mean Ct obtained with RT-qPCR were significantly lower than those obtained with qPCR for all IA classifications and all sample types (
P
-value < 0.001 and
P
-value < 0.0001, respectively). RT-qPCR presents a higher sensitivity than qPCR for the diagnosis of IA due to
Aspergillus fumigatus
, particularly in samples with an intrinsically low fungal load.

IMPORTANCE

Aspergillus fumigatus
belongs to the critical priority group of the World Health Organization fungal priority pathogens list. Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening infection with poor prognosis and challenging diagnosis. PCR has been integrated into the 2020 European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Mycoses Study Group consensus definitions for IA diagnosis. However, due to frequent low fungal burdens, its sensitivity needs to be improved. This work presents an innovative method for detecting total nucleic acids, corresponding to both ribosomal RNA and DNA, that enables IA diagnosis with greater sensitivity than conventional techniques, especially in non-invasive samples such as blood, enhancing the monitoring of this infection in high-risk patients.
An update on novel taxa and revised taxonomic status of bacteria isolated from aquatic host species described in 2022–2023
Authors: Burbick Claire R. , Lawhon Sara D. , Bukouras Brittany , Lazzerini Giovanna , Munson Erik 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

The description of new taxa and nomenclature updates to currently known taxa from aquatic animal species continues. After a review of the literature from 2022 and 2023, multiple lists of bacteria, including members of Phylum
Planctomycetota
, were compiled. As with the previous review, most bacteria are oxidase-positive Gram-negative bacilli with familiar families including new taxa in
Aeromonadaceae
,
Flavobacteriaceae
,
and Vibrionaceae
. A number of Gram-positive bacilli are described including new taxa in the
Nocardioides
,
Paenibacillus
, and
Streptomyces
genera. Two anaerobic species are listed, and one new member of Family
Planctomycetaceae
is noted. Revised taxa are briefly mentioned. The majority of new and revised taxa are isolated from healthy aquatic animals, and therefore, the role of these new bacteria in health and disease is unknown. Bacteria with pathogenic association and potential production of bioactive substances are highlighted.
Supplemental Material: Boron isotopes identify deep-slab serpentinite in the source of Aleutian arc magma
Authors: Jensen Owen , al. et 
Published: October 2024

<p>Item S1 (details of the analytical methods, Figures S1–S4, and all references for the supplemental material; and Item S2 (spreadsheet with new data presented in this paper as well as previously published geochemical data used in our figures (Tables S1–S3) and details of our mixing–mass balance model (Tables S4–S6). </p>
Surface Structure Formation in Plasma Cutting of Aluminum and Titanium Alloys Using Direct Current Straight and Reverse Polarity
Authors: Sidorov E. A. , Grinenko A. V. , Chumaevskii A. V. , Rubtsov V. E. , Nikolaeva A. V. , Panfilov A. O. , Knyazhev E. O. , Cheremnov A. M. , Utyaganova V. R. , Osipovich K. S. , Gurianov D. A. , Kolubaev E. A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The structural features and phase composition are examined in near-surface layers of specimens of Al-Mg, Al-Cu-Mg alloys and commercially pure titanium obtained by plasma cutting using direct current straight polarity (DCSP) and direct current reverse polarity (DCRP). It is found that the flows of molten metal ejected by the gas stream from the cut cavity during cutting form the fusion and heat-affected zones, whose structural morphology, phase composition, and thickness depend on both the selected material and the cutting mode. The fusion zone is thicker in specimens cut using DCRP than in those cut with DCSP. The thickness of the adjacent heat-affected zone is also the largest in the mode that provides a thicker fused layer. Aluminum alloy specimens cut in ambient air are characterized by the presence of oxygen in the near-surface layers. The lowest degree of oxidation is observed in Al-Mg alloy. Oxygen penetrates into the fused layer to a depth of 350–500 μm in Al-Cu-Mg and up to 200–250 μm in Al-Mg alloy. In titanium alloy, the thickness of oxide layers does not exceed 100–150 μm during straight polarity cutting and 200–250 μm during reverse polarity cutting. A thin brittle layer of TiO and TiO2 oxides is formed on the titanium alloy surface. It is shown that the generation of “water mist” around the plasma jet when cutting materials of all types with DCRP leads to a more intensive oxidation of metal, less thermal effect on the material, and reduced roughness of the cut face.
Association of holidays and the day of the week with suicide risk: multicountry, two stage, time series study
Authors: Lee Whanhee , Kang Cinoo , Park Chaerin , Bell Michelle L , Armstrong Ben , Roye Dominic , Hashizume Masahiro , Gasparrini Antonio , Tobias Aurelio , Sera Francesco , Honda Yasushi , Urban Aleš , Kyselý Jan , Íñiguez Carmen , Ryti Niilo , Guo Yuming , Tong Shilu , de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho Micheline , Lavigne Eric , de'Donato Francesca , Guo Yue Leon , Schwartz Joel , Schneider Alexandra , Breitner Susanne , Chung Yeonseung , Kim Sooin , Ha Eunhee , Kim Ho , Kim Yoonhee 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To assess the short term temporal variations in suicide risk related to the day of the week and national holidays in multiple countries.

Design
Multicountry, two stage, time series design.

Setting
Data from 740 locations in 26 countries and territories, with overlapping periods between 1971 and 2019, collected from the Multi-city Multi-country Collaborative Research Network database.

Participants
All suicides were registered in these locations during the study period (overall 1 701  286 cases).

Main outcome measures
Daily suicide mortality.

Results
Mondays had peak suicide risk during weekdays (Monday-Friday) across all countries, with relative risks (reference: Wednesday) ranging from 1.02 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95 to 1.10) in Costa Rica to 1.17 (1.09 to 1.25) in Chile. Suicide risks were lowest on Saturdays or Sundays in many countries in North America, Asia, and Europe. However, the risk increased during weekends in South and Central American countries, Finland, and South Africa. Additionally, evidence suggested strong increases in suicide risk on New Year’s day in most countries with relative risks ranging from 0.93 (95% CI 0.75 to 1.14) in Japan to 1.93 (1.31 to 2.85) in Chile, whereas the evidence on Christmas day was weak. Suicide risk was associated with a weak decrease on other national holidays, except for Central and South American countries, where the risk generally increased one or two days after these holidays.

Conclusions
Suicide risk was highest on Mondays and increased on New Year’s day in most countries. However, the risk of suicide on weekends and Christmas varied by country and territory. The results of this study can help to better understand the short term variations in suicide risks and define suicide prevention action plans and awareness campaigns.
Mapping leadership, communication and collaboration in short-term distributed teams across various contexts: a scoping review
Authors: Morian Hanna , Creutzfeldt Johan , Hultin Magnus , Härgestam Maria 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIncreased globalisation and technological advancements have led to the emergence of distributed teams in various sectors, including healthcare. However, our understanding of how leadership, communication and collaboration influence distributed healthcare teams remains limited.ObjectivesThis study aimed to map knowledge on leadership, communication and collaboration in short-term distributed teams across various fields to gain insights that could benefit healthcare.DesignScoping review.Data sourceA database search of PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus and PsycINFO was conducted in May 2021 and updated in February 2023 and May 2024.Eligibility criteriaArticles were eligible if they involved leadership, communication or collaboration in distributed short-term teams supported by synchronised audio-visual communication technology. Two researchers independently screened titles, abstracts and full texts for inclusion.Data extraction and synthesisExtracted data on leadership, communication and collaboration were synthesised narratively and reported in terms of patterns, advances, gaps, evidence for practice and research recommendations.ResultsAmong 6591 articles, 55 met the eligibility criteria, spanning military, engineering, business, industrial and healthcare contexts. The research focus has shifted over time from adverse effects to solutions for overcoming challenges in distributed teams. Inclusive leadership is vital for engaging all team members. ‘Team opacity’, the absence of non-verbal cues and reduced awareness of team members’ actions, can occur in distributed teams relying on technology. Clear communication is crucial for avoiding misunderstandings and fostering collaboration and adaptability. Developing shared mental models and trust is more challenging, leading to uncertainty and reduced information sharing. There is a lack of studies examining how to apply this knowledge to health professionals’ education.ConclusionOur findings highlight the importance of implementing strategies in healthcare to enhance inclusive leadership and improve communication in distributed healthcare settings. More empirical research is needed to understand the intricacy of distributed healthcare settings and identify effective ways to train distributed healthcare teams.
Prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption and associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending public hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia: a multicentred cross-sectional study
Authors: Legas Getasew , Beyene Getnet Mihretie , Asnakew Sintayehu , Mengist Birhanu , Tedla Assasahegn , Shiferaw Kirubel , Mekonen Amsalu Belete , Abate Moges Wubneh , Nigat Adane Birhanu , Aytenew Tigabu Munye , Tibebu Nigusie Selomon , Emiru Tigabu Desie , Tiruneh Chalie Marew , Libanos Mebratu 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAlcohol is a major public health problem in pregnant women due to its harmful effects on pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes. Therefore, assessing the prevalence and the factors associated with hazardous alcohol consumption among HIV-positive women is important for early identification and intervention and implementation of rehabilitation centres in healthcare settings in order to prevent maternal adverse birth outcomes.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption and the associated factors among HIV-positive pregnant women attending public hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia.Design and study settingA facility-based, cross-sectional study was conducted among 401 HIV-positive pregnant women attending public hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia from 7 February to 7 April 2021.ParticipantsFrom a total calculated sample size of 423, 401 HIV-positive pregnant women who had a follow-up with selected hospitals’ prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) clinics completed the interview (17 participants refused to provide information and 5 terminated the interview in the middle of it due to serious illness).Main outcome measuresThe main outcome measure of this study was hazardous alcohol consumption assessed using the Fast Alcohol Screening Test. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions were used to identify factors associated with hazardous alcohol consumption. Statistically significant associations were set at p<0.05.ResultsThe overall prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption among HIV-positive pregnant was found to be 7.7% (95% CI 5.2, 10.5). After adjusting for possible confounders, history of mental illness (adjusted OR (AOR)=3.10; 95% CI 1.19, 8.05), having comorbid psychological distress (AOR=4.39; 95% CI 1.57, 12.30), non-disclosure of HIV status to partner (AOR=3.28; 95% CI 1.21, 8.84) and poor medication adherence (AOR=2.82; 95% CI 1.20, 6.62) were significantly associated with hazardous alcohol use.Conclusions and recommendationsThe overall prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption among HIV-positive pregnant women was high, especially among pregnant women who had a history of mental illness. Poor medication adherence, non-disclosure of HIV status to partner and having comorbid psychological distress are the main factors associated with hazardous alcohol consumption. Early detection and appropriate interventions to prevent hazardous alcohol consumption should be promoted at PMTCT clinics.
A progress in the inverse matrix method in QCD sum rules
Authors: Zhao Zhen-Xing , Xing Yi-Peng , Li Run-Hui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn traditional QCD sum rules, the simple hadron spectral density model of the “delta-function-type ground state + theta-function-type continuous spectrum” determines that there is no perfect parameter selection. In recent years, inverse problem methods, particularly the inverse matrix method, have shown better handling of QCD sum rules. This work continues to develop the inverse matrix method. Considering that the narrow-width approximation may still be a good approximation, we separate the ground state from the spectral density. We then follow the general steps of the inverse matrix method to extract physical quantities such as decay constants that we may be more interested in.
Yukawa theory in non-perturbative regimes: towards confinement, exact $$\beta $$-function and conformal phase
Authors: Frasca Marco , Ghoshal Anish 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study possible hints towards confinement in a $$\hbox {Z}_2$$

Z
2

-invariant Yukawa system with massless fermions and a real scalar field in the strongly-coupled regime. Using the tools developed for studying non-perturbative physics via Jacobi elliptical functions, for a given but not unique choice of the vacuum state, we find the exact Green’s function for the scalar sector so that, after integrating out the scalar degrees of freedom, we are able to recover the low-energy limit of the theory that is a fully non-local Nambu–Jona–Lasinio (NJL) model. We provide an analytical result for the renormalization group (RG) running of the self-interaction coupling in the scalar sector in the strongly-coupled regime. In the fermion sector, we provide some clues towards confinement, after deriving the gap equation with the non-local NJL model, a property which is well-known to not emerge in the local limit of this model. We conclude that, for the scalar-Yukawa theory in the non-perturbative domain with our choice of the vacuum state, the fundamental fermions of the theory form bound states and cannot be observed as asymptotic states.
The theoretical study of $$p\bar{p}\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda }\Sigma \eta $$ reaction
Authors: Xu Aojia , Li Ruitian , Luo Xuan , Sun Hao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study the production of hyperon resonances in the $$p\bar{p}\rightarrow \bar{\Lambda }\Sigma \eta $$

p

p

¯

→

Λ

¯

Σ
η

reaction within an effective Lagrangian approach. The model includes the production of $$\Sigma (1750)$$

Σ
(
1750
)

and $$\Lambda (1670)$$

Λ
(
1670
)

in the intermediate state excited by the K and $$K^*$$

K
∗

meson exchanges between the initial proton and antiproton. Due to the large coupling of $$\Sigma (1750)\Sigma \eta $$

Σ
(
1750
)
Σ
η

vertex, $$\Sigma (1750)$$

Σ
(
1750
)

is found a significant contribution near the threshold in this reaction. We provide total and differential cross section predictions for the reaction and discuss the possible influence of $$\Sigma (1750)\Sigma \eta $$

Σ
(
1750
)
Σ
η

vertex coupling and model parameters, which will be useful in future experimental studies. This reaction can provide a platform for studying the features of $$\Sigma (1750)$$

Σ
(
1750
)

resonance, especially the coupling to $$\Sigma \eta $$

Σ
η

channel.
Understanding trends, patterns, and dynamics in global company acquisitions: a network perspective
Authors: Kalhor Ghazal , Bahrak Behnam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractStudying acquisitions offers invaluable insights into startup trends, aiding informed investment decisions for businesses. However, the scarcity of studies in this domain prompts our focus on shedding light in this area. Employing Crunchbase data, our study delves into the global network of company acquisitions using diverse network analysis techniques. Our findings unveil an acquisition network characterized by a primarily sparse structure comprising localized dense connections. We reveal a prevalent tendency among organizations to acquire companies within their own country and industry, as well as those within the same age bracket. Furthermore, we show that the country, region, city, and category of the companies can affect the formation of acquisition relationships between them. Our temporal analysis indicates a growth in the number of weakly connected components of the network over time, accompanied by a trend toward a sparser network. Through centrality metrics computation in the cross-city acquisition network, we identify New York, London, and San Francisco as pivotal and central hubs in the global economic landscape. Finally, we show that the United States, United Kingdom, and Germany are predominant countries in international acquisitions. The insights from our research assist policymakers in crafting better regulations to foster global economic growth, and aid businesses in deciding which startups to acquire and which markets to target for expansion.
An Efficient Competitive Control Mechanism for Negative Information Spread in Online Social Networks
Authors: Lu Han , Wang Yan’e , Wu Jianhua 
Published: October 2024

In online social networks (OSNs), the spread of negative information can cause social shocks, endanger public safety and harm public interests. In this paper, to reduce the impact of negative information on the network ecosystem as much as possible, we consider a competitive strategy of mainstream media coverage and construct a competitively regulated reaction–diffusion model of negative information transmission. For this model, we obtain the basic reproduction number of information propagation, the invade numbers of negative information and positive information. Besides, the local and global stabilities of equilibrium states are discussed. Further, steady bifurcation analyses from a positive information equilibrium and a negative information equilibrium are carried out. Finally, we present some numerical simulations to verify the theoretical analysis results and discuss how spatial heterogeneity affects the process of information diffusion. The conclusions are as follows: Increasing the spread of positive information, controlling the spatial heterogeneity of the transmission rate and reducing the diffusion coefficient when spatial heterogeneous transmission rate occurs are beneficial for suppressing the spread of negative information.
Exploring Two-Dimensional MOF-Derived Co/Ni Species for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Yu Jia , Zhang Tian , Ren Xiaohui , Chu Weiqing , Guo Qian , Zou Haoran , Liu Zhaoyang , Wu Wenjie , Zhang Lingyu , Yuan Mengna , Li Yang , Ni Hongwei 
Published: October 2024

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) has received a lot of attention due to its promising advantages in producing “green hydrogen” via electrocatalysis with low cost and high efficiency. Until now, developing transition metal-based electrocatalysts for HER has been a great challenge. In this regard, we reported a facile strategy to fabricate Co/Ni species encapsulated by carbon structure (CoNi@C) through annealing two-dimensional (2D) metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets. The CoNi@C that was prepared under 600 °C achieved the highest catalytic performance in 1.0 M KOH electrolyte with an overpotential of 330 mV to acquire 100 mA cm−2. In addition, the effect of KOH concentrations on the HER performance of CoNi@C-600 was explored. In 3.0 M KOH electrolyte, the current density of 100 mA cm−2 has been attained at a bias potential of 80 mV. The alkaline environment can improve the electrocatalytic performance and further enhance the stability of the as-prepared catalysts. This work would endow promising opportunities for manipulating MOF-based structures through pyrolysis to fabricate highly efficient electrocatalysts.
Recent Trends in Malaria Vaccine Research Globally: A Bibliometric Analysis From 2005 to 2022
Authors: Chutiyami Muhammad 
Published: October 2024

Aim: Malaria vaccine is one of the critical areas in tropical health research, considering the success recorded in other vaccine‐preventable diseases. This study is aimed at reviewing recent trends in global malaria vaccine research from 2005 to 2022.Method: A validated search strategy was undertaken to identify scientific literature on the malaria vaccine in the Scopus database. Bibliometric indicators identified include a pattern of publication growth and citations over the study period; top authors, countries, funding organizations, and journals; keywords, including different malarial parasite species, and the overall research themes.Result: A total of 6457 documents were found from 2005 to 2022, published in 160 journals/sources in 189 countries/territories. Malaria Journal published the highest number of research outputs (478, 7.4%) within the study period, and the highest number of documents (468, 7.3%) were published in 2021. There were 214,323 total citations, with 33.2 average citations per document and 167 documents’ h‐index. The United States, United Kingdom, and Australia combined produced more than 60% of the publication output, with most collaboration with African countries such as Kenya. Plasmodium falciparum is the most occurring parasite species keyword (754, 11.7%), with a growing interest in Plasmodium knowlesi (30, 0.5%). Merozoite surface protein, characterization, trials, infant/children, traveler, and research/review were the six themes that emerged from the studies.Conclusion: The last one and half decades have seen a significant increase in malaria vaccine research and citations, mainly targeting vaccine development, safety, and efficacy in Africa. This necessitates more international efforts to improve the vaccines’ effectiveness considering different Plasmodium species.