bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetische Diagnostik bei psychischen Erkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Kilarski Laura L. , Claus Isabelle , Binder Elisabeth B. , Degenhardt Franziska , Domschke Katharina , Forstner Andreas J. , Grabe Hans J. , Heilbronner Urs , Müller Daniel , Nöthen Markus M. , Radtke Franziska , Rietschel Marcella , Schulze Thomas G. , Streit Fabian , Tebartz van Elst Ludger , Tüscher Oliver , Deckert Jürgen , Schulte Eva C. ,   das Referat Genetische, Molekulare, Zelluläre Neurowissenschaften der DGPPN
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Arbeit bietet Einblicke in die Rolle genetischer Diagnostik bei psychischen Erkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter. Die Bedeutung genetischer Faktoren in der Entstehung psychischer Erkrankungen und seltener genetischer Syndrome bis hin zu häufigen komplex-genetischen Erkrankungen wird beschrieben. Aktuelle wegweisende klinische Merkmale bei der Indikationsstellung stellen u. a. eine Intelligenzminderung sowie Autismusspektrumstörungen und schwere psychische Erkrankungen mit bestimmten Komorbiditäten wie Organfehlbildungen oder Epilepsien dar. Es wird erläutert, wann genetische Diagnostik leitliniengerecht infrage kommt und in welchen Situationen sie auch ohne Empfehlung in den aktuellen Leitlinien in Erwägung gezogen werden sollte. Es folgt ein Überblick über das Prozedere und derzeit gängige diagnostische Methoden. Aktuelle Limitationen und mögliche Entwicklungen im Bereich genetischer Diagnostik in der Psychiatrie werden diskutiert, inklusive der Tatsache, dass für viele psychische Erkrankungen derzeit keine genetische Diagnostik in der Klinik angestrebt werden soll. Zusammenfassend sollten in der Praxis jedoch in spezifischen klinischen Konstellationen genetische Ursachen mehr in Betracht gezogen und genetische Diagnostik und Beratung angeboten werden.
Clinical course and demographic insights into suicide by self-poisoning: patterns of substance use and socio-economic factors
Authors: Geith Stefanie , Lumpe Maja , Schurr Johannes , Schmoll Sabrina , Rabe Christian , Ott Armin , Stich Raphael , Rentrop Michael , Eyer Florian , Zellner Tobias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
To analyze whether sociodemographic characteristics influence the substance choice and preclinical and clinical course of suicidal poisoning.

Methods
This was a retrospective single-center study in patients hospitalized due to suicidal poisoning and who received at least one psychiatric exploration during their inpatient stay. Patients’ sociodemographic, anamnestic, preclinical, and clinical parameters were analyzed with respect to sex and age.

Results
1090 patients were included, 727 (67%) were females, median age was 39 years (min–max: 13–91) with 603 (55%) aged 18–44 years. 595 patients (54.8%) ingested a single substance for self-poisoning, 609 (59.5%) used their own long-term medication. Comparing to males, females preferred antidepressants (n = 223, 30.7%, vs n = 85, 23.4%; p = 0.013) and benzodiazepines (n = 202, 27.8%, vs n = 65, 17.9%; p < 0.001); males more often used cardiovascular drugs (n = 33, 9.1%, vs n = 34, 4.7%; p = 0.005) and carbon monoxide (n = 18, 5.0%, vs n = 2, 0.3%; p < 0.001). Use of Z-drugs (n = 1, 1.7%, to n = 37, 33.3%; p < 0.001) and benzodiazepines (n = 4, 6.9%, to n = 33, 29.7%; p = 0.003) increased with age (< 18 to > 64 years), while use of non-opioid analgesics (n = 23, 39.7%, to n = 20, 18.0%; p < 0.001) decreased. Average dose of substance in patients > 64 years was 12.9 ± 18.4 times higher than recommended maximum daily dose (compared to 8.7 ± 15.2 higher in those aged < 18 years; p < 0.001). Males more often required intensive care (n = 150, 41.3%, vs n = 205 females, 28.2%; p < 0.001).

Conclusion
These results underline the complexity of (para-)suicidal poisonings and identify potential measures for their prevention, such as restricting access and better oversight over the use of certain substances.
Local party committee and labor cost asymmetry
Authors: Cai Yuwen , Hajikhanov Nijat , Kaspereit Thomas , Müßig Anke 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) operate under seemingly incompatible logics of economic and noneconomic objectives and thus within a setting of institutional complexity. This complexity manifests in the coexistence of the modern enterprise system and a firm-level Local Party Committee (LPC). LPCs check proposals from a political standpoint before executives decide on economic feasibility. We provide evidence that SOEs with more LPC participation exhibit greater labor stickiness, and this association is more pronounced after the enactment of the Labor Contract Law in 2008, when LPCs became more focused on noneconomic objectives. Additional analyses reveal that regional differences in market-based institutional quality moderate the association between LPC participation and labor cost asymmetry. Our results are relevant for emerging market investors who attempt to incorporate cost asymmetry into their profitability forecasts and for other stakeholders who strive to understand and anticipate the impact of the complex Chinese institutional setting on cost behavior.
Daily defined dose-costs have a stronger influence on antibacterial drug prescriptions in Germany than bacterial resistance: economic factors are more important than scientific evidence
Authors: Bindel Lilly Josephine , Seifert Roland 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPrevious research from our group revealed a strong association between daily defined dose (DDD)-costs and -prescriptions of antibacterial drugs in Germany (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38842562/; https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39042156/). These data indicate that low costs are major driver of high prescription numbers. This study examines the relationship between bacterial resistance and DDD-prescriptions of antibacterial drugs using data from the Arzneiverordnungsreport (AVR) from 2008 to 2022 and the Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance (ARS) statistics provided by the Robert Koch Institute (RKI). We hypothesized that semi-rational or irrational prescribing behavior of antibacterial drugs is evident in Germany, i.e., prescriptions are driven to a greater extents by low DDD-costs than bacterial resistance. A bivariate correlation analysis was performed to test these models. Our data point to irrational prescribing behavior for amoxicillin, cefuroxime axetil, doxycycline, nitrofurantoin, ciprofloxacin, and clarithromycin. For amoxicillin clavulanic acid and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, data point to semi-rational prescribing. For no antibacterial drug, a model pointing to rational drug prescribing was found. In conclusion, our study shows that DDD-costs exert a more significant influence on DDD-prescriptions than bacterial resistance, indicating that economic factors, rather than scientific evidence, primarily drive antibacterial drug prescriptions in outpatient settings in Germany. It will be important to conduct similar studies on the prescription of antibacterial drugs in other countries. It will also be important to study the relation between DDD-costs and -prescriptions for other drug classes and assess the scientific basis for these relations.
Beyond visualizing the bird beak: esophagram, timed barium esophagram and manometry in achalasia and its 3 subtypes
Authors: Duy Lindsay , Clayton Steven , Morimoto Nayeli , Wang Shery , DiSantis David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAchalasia is a rare esophageal motility disorder characterized by lack of primary peristalsis and a poorly relaxing lower esophageal sphincter. This disease process can be examined several ways and these evaluations can offer complementary information. There are three manometric subtypes of achalasia, with differing appearances on esophagram. Differentiating them is clinically important, because treatment for the subtypes varies. Timed barium esophagram (TBE) is a simple test to quantitatively evaluate esophageal emptying. TBE can be used to diagnose achalasia and assess treatment response. Considerable variation in the TBE protocol exist in the literature. We propose a standardized approach for TBE to allow for comparison across institutions.
Chemotherapy/Radiotherapy-Induced Dysphagia in Head and Neck Tumors: A Challenge for Otolaryngologists in Low- to Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Gómez Álvaro , García-Chabur María Alejandra , Peñaranda Daniel , Gómez-Mendoza Antonieta , Forero Juan Carlos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHead and neck cancer accounts for 2.8% of all cancers and a large proportion of these patients have a locally advanced stage of the disease, for which chemotherapy and radiation therapy are potentially curative treatments. Dysphagia is one of the most common chemoradiotherapy-related side effects in head and neck cancer since it can lead to life-threatening complications. Reports from the current literature suggest better swallowing outcomes with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) compared to three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCT). However, in low-/middle-income countries, multiple healthcare access barriers to 3DCT that may lead to higher rates of chemo/radiotherapy related adverse events. This narrative review provides a comprehensive appraisal of published peer-reviewed data, as well as a description of the clinical practice in an otolaryngology referral center in Colombia, a low-income country.
Volar locking and angular stability plate for treatment of comminuted scaphoid fractures: a case series of 44 cases
Authors: Marzella L. , Filistad S. , Lazzerini A. , Cannella A. , Sassara G. , Caruso L. , De Vitis R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The primary method employed worldwide for the treatment of scaphoid fractures is screw fixation. However, in unstable and comminuted fractures, percutaneous fixation could produce complications due to technical challenges, such as improper axis positioning, inaccurate screw length measurement, intra-articular screw penetration, and impingement. Alternative open approaches for the surgical management of scaphoid fractures have been proposed, and in recent years, a new specific volar locking plate for the treatment of scaphoid fractures has been developed. This study aims to present the outcomes of this technique applied to 44 patients with unstable and comminuted fractures of the scaphoid.

Aims
The purpose of the study is to verify the effectiveness of the volar plate in the treatment of comminuted scaphoid fractures and the necessity for plate removal when consolidation has occurred.

Methods
Between January 2021 and March 2023, a specific volar locking plate for the treatment of scaphoid fractures was used in 44 patients. A retrospective study was conducted involving all patients, consisting of continuous clinical and radiographic assessments, functional evaluations (using QuickDASH and MHQ), and patient satisfaction surveys.

Results
All patients achieved clinical and radiographic recovery. However, the plate can impinge with nearby structures and should be removed once the fracture is consolidated. After plate removal, further improvement in range of motion was observed.

Conclusion
The plate and screws system is a viable and appropriate method of osteosynthesis in the treatment of unstable and comminuted recent fractures occurring in the middle third of the carpal scaphoid.
Validation and convergent validity of the Boston cognitive assessment (BOCA) in an Italian population: a comparative study with the Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) in Alzheimer’s disease spectrum
Authors: Padovani Alessandro , Caratozzolo Salvatore , Galli Alice , Crosani Luca , Zampini Silvio , Cosseddu Maura , Turrone Rosanna , Zancanaro Andrea , Gumina Bianca , Vicini-Chilovi Barbara , Benussi Alberto , Vyshedskiy Andrey , Pilotto Andrea 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The Boston Cognitive Assessment (BOCA) is a self-administered online test developed for cognitive screening and longitudinal monitoring of brain health in an aging population. The study aimed to validate BOCA in an Italian population and to investigate the convergent validity with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA) in healthy ageing population and patients within the Alzheimer Disease spectrum.

Methods
BOCA was administered to 150 participants, including cognitively healthy controls (HC, n = 50), patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI, n = 50), and dementia (DEM, n = 50). The BOCA reliability was assessed using (i) Spearman’s correlation analysis between subscales; (ii) Cronbach’s alpha calculation, and (iii) Principal Component Analysis. Repeated-measures ANOVA was employed to assess the impact of the sequence of test administrations between the groups. BOCA performance between HS, MCI and DEM and within different severity subgroups were compared using Kruskall Wallis test. Furthermore, a comparison was conducted between MCI patients who tested positive for amyloid and those who tested negative, utilizing Mann Whitney’s U-test.

Results
Test scores were significantly different between patients and controls (p < 0.001) suggesting good discriminative ability. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.82 indicating a good internal consistency of the BOCA subscales and strong-to-moderate Spearman’s correlation coefficients between them. BOCA total and subscores differ across different MoCA severity subgroups and demonstrated strong correlation with MoCA scores (rho = 0.790, p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The Italian version of the BOCA test exhibited validity, feasibility, and accurate discrimination closely performing as MoCA.
The role of national heritage in shaping Germany’s public health and data governance
Authors: Schmitt Tugce , Schröder-Bäck Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThis paper aims to explain how political culture has influenced the scope of prevention measures, disease surveillance, and health data integration strategies in the German health system to date.Subject and methodsPolitical culture is a major determinant of national health policies in countries, defining the means and scope of governmental authority for ensuring population health. This paper explains the role of political culture in shaping prevention and health promotion measures in the German health system, based on a public policy theory.ResultsDuring the post-war period, the structure of the German health system was (re-)designed to focus on curative medicine at the expense of public health. Current prevention and health promotion measures, often characterised as ‘too little, too late’, lead to medical treatments that are ‘too costly, too risky’. Linking data sources in Germany today is much more challenging than in other European countries, with health-relevant data often remaining in isolated silos that could be used for population health.ConclusionThe analysis suggests that the national heritage shaping the political culture in Germany had a great influence on the limited role of government intervention, the interpretation of public health, and the state’s role in collecting and processing health data of citizens for research and policymaking.
Archaeological Perspectives on the Norwegian-Dutch Timber Trade (1500–1700 CE)
Authors: van Riel Sjoerd 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the Dutch Republic heavily relied on imported timber for the construction of its cities, dikes, and ships. This timber originated from the Baltic Sea, the German Rhineland, and the "Little East," but primarily from the coastal areas of southern Norway. This article examines the archaeological remains of the timber trade between the Dutch Republic and Norway, emphasizing the study of material culture recovered from archaeological excavations and dendrochronology to complement historical sources from the era.
A data- and knowledge-driven framework for developing machine learning models to predict soccer match outcomes
Authors: Berrar Daniel , Lopes Philippe , Dubitzky Werner 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe 2023 Soccer Prediction Challenge invited the machine learning community to develop innovative methods to predict the outcomes of 736 future soccer matches. The Challenge included two tasks. Task 1 was to forecast the exact match score, i.e., the number of goals scored by each team. Task 2 was to predict the match outcome as probability vector over the three possible result categories: victory of the home team, draw, and victory of the away team. Here, we present a new data- and knowledge-driven framework for building machine learning models from readily available data to predict soccer match outcomes. A key component of this framework is an innovative approach to modeling interdependent time series data of competing entities. Using this framework, we developed various predictive models based on k-nearest neighbors, artificial neural networks, naive Bayes, and ordinal forests, which we applied to the two tasks of the 2023 Soccer Prediction Challenge. Among all submissions to the Challenge, our machine learning models based on k-nearest neighbors and neural networks achieved top performances. Our main insights from the Challenge are that relatively simple learning algorithms perform remarkably well compared to more complex algorithms, and that the key to successful predictions lies in how well soccer domain knowledge can be incorporated in the modeling process.
Strongly Different Adhesion Reduction for 1D or 2D Random Fractal Roughness, and an Extension of the BAM Model to Anisotropic Surfaces
Authors: Ciavarella M. , Pérez-Ràfols F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe influence of roughness on adhesion has been studied since the time of Fuller and Tabor, but recently there has been debate about how roughness exactly seems to kill (but sometimes enhance!) adhesion, particularly with reference to the accepted model of fractal roughness. We show that the Persson–Tosatti criterion does not depend on anisotropy of the surface for a typical power law PSD if written in terms of rms roughness and magnification. Instead, a very simple extension of the Bearing Area Model (BAM) of Ciavarella to anisotropic fractal surface shows a weak but clear dependence on the anisotropy, with higher adhesion in the 1D case, showing better agreement than the Persson–Tosatti criterion to actual numerical results of Afferrante Violano and Dini. However, neither of the two models permit to capture the strong hysteresis found in experiments between loading and unloading, which is very likely to enhance adhesion more as we move from the isotropic to the full 1D case. This suggests the mechanism of load amplification along contact lines and the associated elastic instabilities, is not captured by either the Persson–Tosatti or the BAM model applied to anisotropic surfaces.
Exploring the wild almond, Prunus arabica (Olivier), as a genetic source for almond breeding
Authors: Brukental Hillel , Doron-Faigenboim Adi , Bar-Ya’akov Irit , Harel-Beja Rotem , Trainin Taly , Hatib Kamel , Aharon Shlomi , Azoulay-Shemer Tamar , Holland Doron 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the process of almond (Prunus dulcis) domestication, essential traits, which gave plants the plasticity for facing unstable environmental conditions, were lost. In general, the domestication process often narrows the natural genetic diversity. Modern selections (i.e., breeding programs) dramatically accelerated this genetic bottleneck trend to a few successful almond cultivars, which are presently the founders of most commercial cultivars worldwide. The concept of utilizing wild species as a source for important traits and for the enrichment of the gene pool was deeply discussed in previous studies. However, in almonds and other Prunus species, deliberate utilization of wild species as a genetic resource for breeding programs is quite rare. To address these significant challenges, we generated an interspecific F1 population between the Israeli almond cultivar Um el Fahem (UEF) and a specimen of a local wild almond species, Prunus arabica (P. arabica), originating from the Judea desert. This interspecific F1 population possesses high phenotypic variability, and sixteen segregating traits were phenotyped. Among the segregating traits, we were able to genetically associate six agriculturally important traits, such as leaf chlorophyll content (LCC), flower size, and fruit size. The alleles for Self-Compatibility (SC) and kernel bitterness were previously mapped in almond and were reexamined on the background of the distinctive wild genetic material of P. arabica. Finally, phenotypic interactions between traits were suggested, such as rootstock perimeter and canopy area that were positively correlated with total yield in the F1 population. This study is a first step towards developing a well-characterized almond interspecies genetic population. The availability of such a genetic tool with detailed phenotypic analysis is crucial to address and explore the profound influence of almond wild species in Prunus genetic research and breeding. By using the interspecific population as the infrastructure, we show the advantages and importance of utilizing wild relatives.
Biomechanical Hand Model: Modeling and Simulating the Lateral Pinch Movement
Authors: Lemos A.F. , Rodrigues da Silva L. A. , Nagy B. V. , Barroso P. N. , Vimieiro C. B. S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Hand movements are crucial in daily activities, sparking extensive interest and research in biomechanical models. While existing models offer valuable insights, their complexity and processing costs may limit their suitability for all applications, sometimes impeding research efficiency.

Objectives
This study aimed to develop a biomechanical model of the human hand for analyzing the physiology of lateral pinch movement. Unlike conventional methodologies, this approach focuses on delivering a computationally efficient model while incorporating the trapeziometacarpal joint into the analysis.

Methods
The model, which operates in a multibody environment, simulates lateral pinching movement by applying external time-varying torques to digit joints, emulating musculature, tendons, and ligaments. Torque estimation was achieved through the Euler-Lagrange approach. The model generates animated representations of the movement, aiding pathology identification and outputting dynamic variables. The model’s was validated through data acquired from asymptomatic subjects via an OptiTrack system.

Results
The average disparity between the expected and obtained joint angular displacements was $$\varvec{6.06~\%}$$

6.06

%

and $$\varvec{1.90~\%}$$

1.90

%

during validation and verification stages, suggesting high fidelity in the model performance. Correlation analysis revealed strong positive linear relationships and robust correlations between the obtained and expected configuration data. Model-generated pinch postures closely resembled expected physiological patterns, with results falling within the range for asymptomatic individuals documented in the scientific literature.

Conclusion
The system efficiently analyzes dynamic variables at a low computational cost, offering animated representations for pathology identification. The model’s potential for rehabilitation solutions and adaptability, coupled with its accuracy and versatility, make it an asset for advancing hand biomechanics research.