bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Compulsive Social Behavior Emerges after Selective Ablation of Striatal Cholinergic Interneurons
Authors: Martos Yanina V. , Braz Barbara Y. , Beccaria Juan P. , Murer M. Gustavo , Belforte Juan E. 
Published: February 2017

The mechanisms underlying social dysfunction in neuropsychiatric conditions such as obsessive-compulsive disorder and Tourette syndrome remain uncertain. However, it is known that dysfunctions in basal ganglia, including a reduced number of striatal cholinergic interneurons (SCIN), are involved in their pathophysiology. To explore the role of SCIN in relation to perseverative behaviors, we characterized a new transgenic mouse model in which inducible ablation of SCIN is achieved with high efficiency in a cell-type- and region-specific manner. Mice were subjected to extensive behavioral testing, including assessment of social behaviors, and corticostriatal functional connectivity was evaluatedin vivo. Selective SCIN ablation leads to altered social interactions together with exacerbated spontaneously emitted repetitive behaviors. Lesioned mice showed normal motor coordination, balance, and general locomotion. Interestingly, only environmentally driven, but not self-directed, repetitive behaviors were exacerbated in lesioned mice. Remarkably, in mice with SCIN ablation, the normal pattern of social exploration was replayed continuously. The emerging pattern of social interactions is highly predictable and invariant across time.In vivoelectrophysiological recordings indicate that SCIN ablation results in an increase of the functional connectivity between different cortical areas and the motor, but not associative, region of the striatum. Our results identify a role of SCIN in suppressing perseverative behaviors, including socially related ones. In sum, SCIN ablation in mice leads to exacerbated ritualistic-like behaviors that affect social performance, providing a link between SCIN dysfunction and the social impairments present in psychiatric disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe sought to uncover the impact of striatal cholinergic interneuron (SCIN) degeneration on perseverative behaviors related to obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and Tourette syndrome (TS). We found that extensive SCIN ablation results in exacerbated social interactions, in which normal social contacts were replayed continuously in a highly stereotyped, ritualistic pattern. SCIN ablation also leads to an increase in other spontaneously emitted repetitive behaviors without alteration of motor coordination, balance, or locomotion. Moreover, we identify an increase of functional connectivity between frontal cortical areas and the motor region of the striatum as a putative substrate for the observed behavioral alterations. Therefore, perseveration induced by SCIN ablation extends to social performance as occurs in neuropsychiatric conditions such as OCD and TS.
A method for high‐throughput production of sequence‐verified DNA libraries and strain collections
Authors: Smith Justin D , Schlecht Ulrich , Xu Weihong , Suresh Sundari , Horecka Joe , Proctor Michael J , Aiyar Raeka S , Bennett Richard A O , Chu Angela , Li Yong Fuga , Roy Kevin , Davis Ronald W , Steinmetz Lars M , Hyman Richard W , Levy Sasha F , St.Onge Robert P 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe low costs of array‐synthesized oligonucleotide libraries are empowering rapid advances in quantitative and synthetic biology. However, high synthesis error rates, uneven representation, and lack of access to individual oligonucleotides limit the true potential of these libraries. We have developed a cost‐effective method called Recombinase Directed Indexing (REDI), which involves integration of a complex library into yeast, site‐specific recombination to index library DNA, and next‐generation sequencing to identify desired clones. We used REDI to generate a library of ~3,300 DNA probes that exhibited > 96% purity and remarkable uniformity (> 95% of probes within twofold of the median abundance). Additionally, we created a collection of ~9,000 individually accessible CRISPR interference yeast strains for > 99% of genes required for either fermentative or respiratory growth, demonstrating the utility of REDI for rapid and cost‐effective creation of strain collections from oligonucleotide pools. Our approach is adaptable to any complex DNA library, and fundamentally changes how these libraries can be parsed, maintained, propagated, and characterized.
Mismatch Repair Incompatibilities in Diverse Yeast Populations
Authors: Bui Duyen T , Friedrich Anne , Al-Sweel Najla , Liti Gianni , Schacherer Joseph , Aquadro Charles F , Alani Eric 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMicrobial populations with elevated mutation rates can adapt more rapidly to new environments. Bui et al. hypothesized that a naturally occurring DNA...An elevated mutation rate can provide cells with a source of mutations to adapt to changing environments. We identified a negative epistatic interaction involving naturally occurring variants in the MLH1 and PMS1 mismatch repair (MMR) genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We hypothesized that this MMR incompatibility, created through mating between divergent S. cerevisiae, yields mutator progeny that can rapidly but transiently adapt to an environmental stress. Here we analyzed the MLH1 and PMS1 genes across 1010 S. cerevisiae natural isolates spanning a wide range of ecological sources (tree exudates, Drosophila, fruits, and various fermentation and clinical isolates) and geographical sources (Europe, America, Africa, and Asia). We identified one homozygous clinical isolate and 18 heterozygous isolates containing the incompatible MMR genotype. The MLH1–PMS1 gene combination isolated from the homozygous clinical isolate conferred a mutator phenotype when expressed in the S288c laboratory background. Using a novel reporter to measure mutation rates, we showed that the overall mutation rate in the homozygous incompatible background was similar to that seen in compatible strains, indicating the presence of suppressor mutations in the clinical isolate that lowered its mutation rate. This observation and the identification of 18 heterozygous isolates, which can lead to MMR incompatible genotypes in the offspring, are consistent with an elevated mutation rate rapidly but transiently facilitating adaptation. To avoid long-term fitness costs, the incompatibility is apparently buffered by mating or by acquiring suppressors. These observations highlight effective strategies in eukaryotes to avoid long-term fitness costs associated with elevated mutation rates.
A Clinical Prediction Rule for Rebound Hyperbilirubinemia Following Inpatient Phototherapy
Authors: Chang Pearl W. , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , McCulloch Charles E. , Newman Thomas B. 
Published: February 2017

OBJECTIVES:
The American Academy of Pediatrics provides little guidance on when to discontinue phototherapy in newborns treated for hyperbilirubinemia. We sought to develop a prediction rule to estimate the probability of rebound hyperbilirubinemia after inpatient phototherapy.

METHODS:
Subjects for this retrospective cohort study were infants born in 2012 to 2014 at ≥35 weeks’ gestation at 16 Kaiser Permanente Northern California hospitals who received inpatient phototherapy before age 14 days. We defined rebound as the return of total serum bilirubin (TSB) to phototherapy threshold within 72 hours of phototherapy termination. We used stepwise logistic regression to select predictors of rebound hyperbilirubinemia and devised and validated a prediction score by using split sample validation.

RESULTS:
Of the 7048 infants treated with inpatient phototherapy, 4.6% had rebound hyperbilirubinemia. Our prediction score consisted of 3 variables: gestational age &lt;38 weeks (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.0–7.3), younger age at phototherapy initiation (aOR 0.51 per day; 95% CI, 0.38–0.68), and TSB relative to the treatment threshold at phototherapy termination (aOR 1.5 per mg/dL; 95% CI, 1.4–1.7). The model performed well with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.89 (95% CI, 0.86–0.91) in the derivation data set and 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86–0.90) in the validation data set. Approximately 70% of infants had scores &lt;20, which correspond to a &lt;4% probability of rebound hyperbilirubinemia.

CONCLUSIONS:
The risk of rebound hyperbilirubinemia can be quantified according to an infant’s gestational age, age at phototherapy initiation, and TSB relative to the treatment threshold at phototherapy termination.
A criminalização da pobreza na América Latina como estratégia de controle político
Authors: Oliveira Lucas Lopes 
Published: February 2017

O presente artigo aborda os mecanismos penais de controle social na América Latina, tentando identificar os excessos autoritários, utilizados como ferramenta de criminalização da pobreza e de grupos vulneráveis, sempre presente na história do nosso continente. Tais excessos do sistema de controle social latino-americano, que segundo Zaffaroni tem como modelo o projeto de controle lombrosiano, se devem muito às condições políticas e sociais características de nossa região, que instalaram um controle social racista e classista e que diferem da lógica do controle nos países centrais. Trata-se assim de estudar a constante criminalização, marginalização e repressão das classes populares, através do sistema de repressão político-criminal que afeta principalmente grupos vulneráveis e manifestações políticas de empoderamento popular. Assim, fazemos um resgate histórico bibliográfico, dos levantes populares, passando pela criminalização das maltas de capoeiras e pela repressão política, até finalmente desaguar no sistema proibicionista de guerra às drogas, que por sua estrutura se tornou um importante mecanismo de criminalização, violação aos direitos humanos, encarceramento e extermínio da juventude pobre latino-americana.
Estado de exceção e criminalização da política pelo mass media
Authors: Santos Rogerio Dultra dos 
Published: February 2017

Este artigo analisa o processo recente de criminalização da política no Brasil e está dividido em três partes. Em primeiro lugar, examinam-se as origens e o sentido do conceito de estado de exceção, explicitando-se a sua gênese autoritária e ditatorial. Em segundo, estuda-se a ascensão e a relegitimação do retribucionismo como fundamento do poder punitivo. Argumenta-se que o sistema repressivo opera em sintonia com interesses reforçados pelos meios de comunicação de massa, o que é denominado de populismo penal. Por fim, avalia-se o fenômeno da criminalização através da relação do Poder Judiciário com os meios de comunicação de massa. Entende-se que neste processo o discurso jurídico se subordina aos critérios do mercado e dos mass media, reproduzindo a lógica do estado de exceção. Conclui-se que esta relação deslocou o poder de dizer o direito e de representar a legitimidade das decisões judiciais do foro para os veículos de comunicação.
METAMORFOSA PARADIGMA PERPUSTAKAAN; Dari not for profit sector menuju income generating unit dengan pemasaran perpustakaan
Authors: Arya Dian 
Published: February 2017

AbstrakPerpustakaan sudah dikenal sebagai sebuah sebuah organisasi non profit yang menyediakan jasa penyediaan informasi tanpa mengharapkan imbalan. Paradigma tersebut seyogianya berubah, agar pendanaan dari lembaga penaung tidak lagi menjadi satu-satunya harapan untuk berkembang. Perpustakaan harus bermetamorfosa agar bisa membiayai dirinya sendiri, dan terus berkembang sesuai dengan tuntutan zaman. Hal ini tentunya dimungkinkan bila perpustakaan mau mengaplikasikan prinsip-prinsip marketing dalam proses dan sistem layanan. Kata Kunci: metamorfosa perpustakaan, paradigma perpustakaan, not for profit sector, income generating unit, pemasaran perpustakaan
PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN PUSTAKA DAN INFORMASI
Authors: Rusmono Doddy , Santika Santi 
Published: February 2017

AbstrakPerpustakaan sekolah merupakan Pemenuhan kebutuhan para siswa sebagai Pemustaka pada perpustakaan sekolah memerlukan kehandalan Pustakawan sebagai pengelola utama aset intelektual perpustakaan. Koleksi yang berjumlah kurang dari 1000 judul dapat disiasati melalui kerjasama berjejaring antar perpustakaan sejenis. Idelanya, kedua sumber informasi berupa koleksi hard copy dan soft copy baik berupa buku maupun bukan-buku dapat dilayankan melalui system layanan perpustakaan hibrida. Kemasan demi kemasan informasi oleh Pustakawan sebaiknya dapat memberdayakan para siswa untuk memanfaatkan semaksimal mungkin kekayaan intelektual yang merupakan salah satu fasilitas sumber belajar. Tuga-tugas berupa PR - Pekerjaan Rumah (take-home assignment oleh Guru diberikan sedemikian rupa sehingga secara tidak langsung mengharuskan para siswa memanfaatkan fasilitas yang disediakan di perpustakaan: memillih sendiri bahan, mengolahnya, dan menyajikan hasil pemikirannya dalam bentuk tulisan yang berbobot. Khusus untuk koleksi soft copy, alat telusur elektronik sangat membantu dan memperbaiki mutu perolehan bahan karena lebih mudah aksesnya, lebih akurat kontennya, dan biasanya lebih terkini dan lengkap. Sebagai intelektual muda yang merupakan harapan masa depan bangsa, para siswa perlu mendapat semacam Pendidikan Pemustaka agar pencarian berbagai sumber informasi menjadi lebih menyenangkan dan efektif. Kata Kunci: bahan pustaka, sumber informasi
KETERSEDIAAN KOLEKSI TERCETAK DALAM MEMENUHI KEPUASAN PENGGUNA PADA PERPUSTAKAAN ITB
Authors: Nabila Iis Naeni , Suhardini Dini 
Published: February 2017

Abstrak. Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh koleksi tercetak yang merupakan salah satu modal bagi perpustakaan dalam memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna sehingga tercipta rasa puas. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimana ketersediaan koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada Perpustakaan ITB? Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh gambaran tentang ketersediaan koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada Perpustakaan ITB, memperoleh gambaran tentang kelengkapan koleksi tercetak, kerelevanan koleksi tercetak dan kemutakhiran koleksi tercetak dalam memenuhi kepuasan pengguna pada Perpustakaan ITB. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 24.240 pengguna pada bulan februari 2013 dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ketersediaan koleksi tercetak telah memenuhi kepuasan pengguna, koleksi tercetak yang tersedia di perpustakaan ITB lengkap, relevan dan mutakhir sehingga pengguna merasa puas. Implikasi dari penelitian bahwa untuk mengoptimalkan ketersediaan koleksi tercetak Perpustakaan ITB harus selalu berorientasi kepada kebutuhan pengguna.
KEPEMIMPINAN KEPALA SEKOLAH DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PERPUSTAKAAN SEKOLAH
Authors: Nurhalisma Lisna , Silvana Hana 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA principal is the highest leader in school. The operation of school library is not separated from the principal leadership. This study aimed to investigate the principal leadership of SMAN 10. The principal management was measured by the leading indicators which include decision-making, communicating, motivating, selecting people and developing people with the use of management theory of Lewis A. Allen. The organization of school library was measured through the indicators of service, collections, and budget. The population of this study was students of SMAN 10 Bandung, with a sample of 95 people. This study used descriptive method with quantitative approach. The data was collected using closed questionnaire and interview. Based on the results of data analysis, it was found that principal leadership make a positive contribution to the school organization. Broadly speaking, the principal management of SMAN 10 Bandung is in good category. The test results of principal management in school library organization show that the leading indicators are in the moderate category.Keywords: leadership, school library, principal managementAbstrakKepala Sekolah adalah pimpinan tertinggi yang berada di sekolah. Penyelenggaraan perpustakaan sekolah tidak terlepas dari kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui Kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah di SMAN 10 Bandung. Manajemen kepala sekolah diukur melalui indikator leading yang terdiri dari pengambilan keputusan, pengkomunikasian, pemberian motivasi, penyeleksian orang-orang dan pengembangan orang-orang dengan menggunakan teori manajemen dari Lewis A.Allen. Penyelenggaraan perpustaka sekolah diukur melalui indikator layanan, koleksi dan anggaran. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa SMAN 10 Bandung, dengan sampel 95 orang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan angket tertutup dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data diketahui kepemimpinan Kepala Sekolah memberikan kontribusi positif pada penyelenggaraan Sekolah. Secara garis besar manajemen Kepala Sekolah SMAN 10 Bandung termasuk dalam kategori baik. Hasil pengujian terhadap manajemen Kepalab Sekolah terhadap penyelenggaraan Perpustakaan Sekolah menunjukkan indikator leading berada dalam kategori sedang.Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan, Perpustakaan Sekolah, manajemen kepala sekolah
STRATEGI PEMBERIAN REWARD UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT KUNJUNG MAHASISWA DI PERPUSTAKAAN POLITEKNIK NEGERI SEMARANG
Authors: Suharso Putut , Setyowulandari Yulika 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTIn the freedom of information age, the openness and easiness of information access is important. The provision of data and information has become crucial for many people. The diversity of the information needs drive many information provider institutions work hard to fulfill those needs. However, neither institution can provide complex information needs or information sources perfectly. Thus, those information institutions should have a good solution in order to provide information for all users with different requirement. One of the actions is by building network or cooperation between information provider institutions. The research objective are, first to investigate the Indonesia – Malaysia digital library networks; secondly, to find out the drivers and obstacles of the networks. The research method is by web observation and literature study. The research output is a recommendation for the improvement of the Indonesia - Malaysia digital library networks and cooperation. Keywords: library cooperation, library networking, Indonesia-Malaysia library ABSTRAKDalam era keterbukaan saat ini, penyajian data dan informasi sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan akses informasi seluas-luasnya kepada masyarakat. Keberagaman kebutuhan informasi, keterbatasan sumber daya informasi dan perubahan prilaku pengguna informasi menjadikan tidak satupun lembaga informasi yang dapat memenuhi semua kebutuhan penggunanya tersebut. Sehingga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dan memberikan layanan yang optimal kepada pengguna maka diperlukan adanya kerjasama dan jaringan antar lembaga informasi. Salah satu lembaga informasi adalah perpustakaan yang akan di jadikan objek dalam makalah ini. Sosialisasi dan pertukaran informasi dilakukan berbagai lembaga baik di dalam maupun di luar negeri. Seperti yang telah dilakukan oleh Kementrian Ristek Republik Indonesia dengan Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) Malaysia. Makalah ini akan membahas tentang jaringan informasi dan kerjasama perpustakaan digital antara Indonesia dan Malaysia, bentuk bentuk kerjasama yang ada dan faktor penunjang serta penghambat kerjasama tersebut. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan studi pustaka baik tercetak maupun online. Hasil dari makalah ini adalah meyediakan data dan informasi tentang jaringan informasi dan kerjasama perpustakaan antara Indonesia dan Malaysia yang dapat digunakan untuk memberikan rekomendasi baik untuk perpustakaan di Indonesia maupun di Malaysia dalam hal kerjasama.Kata kunci: kerjasama perpustakaan, jaringan perpustakaan, Perpustakaan Indonesia-Malaysia
PERAN PENTING FRIENDS of LIBRARY DIDALAM MEMELIHARA KEBERLANGSUNGAN FUNGSI PERPUSTAKAAN
Authors: Rosinar Euis 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTLibrary needs friends. Friends, who are in the library and do something for it, are called friends of library. Friends of library are a non-profit organization consisting a group of people who are very concerned about the library. Friends of library raise money legally through varieties of activities to support unfunded library’s programs and do advocacy. The fundamental structures must be clearly stated to successfully manage the organization. Addressing the structures well will maintain the organization as it is expected in the long run. Keywords: friends of library, advantages of friends of library, disadvantages of friends of library, fundamental structures ABSTRAKPerpustakaan memerlukan sahabat. Sahabat yang berada dan berjuang untuk perpustakaan disebut sahabat perpustakaan (Friends of Library). Sahabat perpustakaan merupakan organisasi nirlaba yang dibentuk karena kepedulian sekelompok orang terhadap keberlangsungan fungsi perpustakaan. Mereka menggalang dana secara sah dan legal melalui berbagai cara yang dilakukan untuk membantu perpustakaan dalam berbagai kegiatan dan advokasi. Aturan dan tata tertib perlu dibuat agar tidak timbul masalah antara anggota sahabat perpustakaan dan staf perpustakaan dan kelompok sahabat perpustakaan tetap berada pada jalurnya untuk bekerja dengan baik. Kata kunci: sahabat perpustakaan, masalah sahabat perpustakaan, langkah-langkah membentuk sahabat perpustakaan, keuntungan sahabat perpustakaan.
KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI DI PERPUSTAKAAN BAPUSIPDA JAWA BARAT
Authors: Gumilar Widy , Cythia Riche , Silvana Hana 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT This subject is examined in the study is whether the Organization's communication about to the performance of librarian at BAPUSIPDA in West Java. The purpose of this research is to determine (1) the Organization about the power performance communication library in BAPUSIPDA, West Java, (2) the communication line to the bottom about the performance of librarian in BAPUSIPDA, West Java, (3) the communication line to the top about the performance of librarian at BAPUSIPDA in West Java. The population in the study was BAPUSIPDA in West Java libraries powered by the sample as many as 56 people. Research methods using descriptive method quantitative approach. The results showed Organizational communication in West Java BAPUSIPDA categorized good. Organizational communication in West Java BAPUSIPDA categorized effectively, however we recommend that the library can create a more effective organization communications so that the performance of the library has increased horsepower.Keywords: Organizational Communication, Librarian, Performance ABSTRAK Tulisan ini bermaksud untuk mengupas komunikasi organisasi yang ada di Badan Perpustakaan dan Arsip Daerah (BAPUSIPDA) Jawa Barat. Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui (1) komunikasi organisasi dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, (2) alur komunikasi ke bawah dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, (3) alur komunikasi ke atas dilihat dari kinerja tenaga perpustakaan di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah tenaga perpustakaan BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat dengan sampel sebanyak 56 orang. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Komunikasi organisasi di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat, berlangsung secara baik.Komunikasi organisasi di BAPUSIPDA Jawa Barat dikategorikan efektif, namun sebaiknya perpustakaan dapat menciptakan komunikasi organisasi yang lebih efektif agar kinerja tenaga perpustakaan semakin meningkat.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Organisasi, Tenaga Perpustakaan, Kinerja