bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The relationship between Parkinson’s disease and sexual hyperactivity secondary to drug treatment: A systematic review
Authors: Aparicio-López Verónica , Rueda-Extremera María , Cantero-García María 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: This review addresses the prevalence of hypersexual behavior in Parkinson’s patients and the underlying neurobiological mechanisms, identifying risk and protective factors, comparing incidence among different treatments, and proposing recommendations for management and prevention. Objective: To conduct a review on the relationship between Parkinson’s disease and hypersexual behavior as a result of pharmacological treatment. Methodology: The search strategy, guided by PRISMA and PICOS criteria, focuses on the correlation between Parkinson’s disease and hypersexual behavior due to pharmacological treatment. Utilizing databases like PubMed and Proquest, studies from the last 10 years in English or Spanish were selected, emphasizing clinical trials with Parkinson’s patients under treatment. Inaccessible, irrelevant, or mixed-sample studies were excluded. The Cochrane Scale assessed the risk of bias. Results: Out of 122 records, 103 remained after eliminating duplicates; 48 were reviewed, and ultimately, 6 studies met the inclusion criteria for analysis. Conclusions: Synthesizing the risk and protective factors linked to hypersexual behavior in Parkinson’s patients receiving pharmacological treatment underscores the critical need for early detection and incorporation of these factors into clinical care. The suggested guidelines for managing and preventing hypersexual behavior in these patients carry substantial practical implications.
Lack of a direct link between macular cones function and photophobia in interictal migraine
Authors: Casillo Francesco , Di Renzo Antonio , Sebastianelli Gabriele , Abagnale Chiara , Martelli Francesco , Di Lorenzo Cherubino , Serrao Mariano , Falsini Benedetto , Parisi Vincenzo , Coppola Gianluca 
Published: September 2024

Background It is still debatable whether the mechanisms underlying photophobia are related to altered visual cortex excitability or specific abnormalities of colour-related focal macular retino-thalamic information processing. Methods This cross-sectional study examined Ganzfeld blue-red (B-R) and blue-yellow (B-Y) focal macular cone flash ERG (ffERG) and focal-flash visual evoked potentials (ffVEPs) simultaneously in a group of migraine patients with (n = 18) and without (n = 19) aura during the interictal phase, in comparison to a group of healthy volunteers (HVs) (n = 20). We correlate the resulting retinal and cortical electrophysiological responses with subjective discomfort from exposure to bright light verified on a numerical scale. Results Compared to HVs, the amplitude and phase of the first and second harmonic of ffERG and ffVEPs were non-significantly different in migraine patients without aura and migraine patients with aura for both the B-R and the B-Y focal stimuli. Pearson's correlation test did not disclose correlations between clinical variables, including the photophobia scale and electrophysiological variables. Conclusions These results do not favour interictal functional abnormalities in L-M- and S-cone opponent visual pathways in patients with migraine. They also suggest that the discomfort resulting from exposure to bright light is not related to focal macular retinal-to-visual cortex pathway.
Clinical Versus Ultrasound Assessment of Joint Activity in Patients with Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia
Authors: Azad Fayaz Hussain , Bhat Tariq , Naik Muzafar , Mir Mohammad Farooq , Lahdol Padma , Hussain Manzoor 
Published: September 2024

Background: In this study, we aimed to investigate subclinical ultrasonographic change suggestive of gouty arthritis in the hyaline cartilage, joints and tendons from asymptomatic hyperuricemia (AH) individuals with hyperuricemia. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, observational study including US examinations of the knees and first MTPJs as well as of the tendons and enthesis. The normal distribution of different parameters was tested by the Shapiro–Wilk normality test. Quantitative data were expressed in mean ± standard deviation and the difference between means of two groups was tested by Student’s t-test while qualitative data were expressed in frequency and the difference between proportions was tested by the chi-square test or Fisher exact test. Results: Fifty-nine AH individuals and 52 normouricemic subjects were included. A total of 118 knees, ankles and first MTPJs in patients with AH and 104 in the normouricemic subjects were studied. The most common abnormality found on USG was power Doppler signal in 1st MTPJ (37% vs. 0%; P < .001) followed by joint cavity widening (31% vs. 0%; P < .001). Double contour sign was found in 11% of the first MTPJs from AH individuals versus none in the control group ( P < .001). Posterior tibialis tenosynovitis (6% vs. 0%; P < .01) and Achilles tendon enthesopathy (8% vs. 0%; P < .001). Conclusions: These data demonstrate that subclinical changes detected in the US suggestive of gouty arthritis induced by chronic hyperuricemia frequently occur in both intra- and extra-articular structures of clinically AH individuals.
The Use of Antibiotics at the End of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Miranda-Chavez Brayan , Fuentes-Yufra Andre , Hueda-Zavaleta Miguel , Copaja-Corzo Cesar , Flores-Cohaila Javier A. , Rivarola-Hidalgo Marco 
Published: September 2024

Objective: To identify and analyze antibiotics’ prescription patterns and associated factors among terminally ill patients at a hospital in southern Peru. Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on adult patients who died in Hospital III Daniel Alcides Carrion in Tacna, Peru, 2023. Data were collected from electronic medical records, focusing on antibiotic use during the last hospitalization. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed using Poisson regression to adjust for potential confounders. Results: The study included 239 patients with an average age of 76. Antibiotics were administered to 93.72% of patients, with 42.46% lacking an identified infectious focus. Ceftriaxone, Meropenem, and Vancomycin were the most used antibiotics. A lower use of antibiotics within 72 hours prior to death was associated with hospitalizations longer than 18 days and having 2 or more comorbidities. Conclusion: The high prevalence of antibiotic use at the end of life, often without an infectious focus, suggests a need for better guidelines and education on palliative care to avoid inappropriate antibiotic prescribing. Improved communication between healthcare providers, patients, and families is essential for optimizing end-of-life care.
Wrist arthrodesis in flexed position combined with proximal row carpectomy and ostectomy of the distal radius for spastic patients
Authors: Al-Qattan Mohammad M. 
Published: September 2024

Wrist arthrodesis in spastic patients combined with proximal row carpectomy and ostectomy of the distal radius to allow a position of slight flexion (COF technique) results in a better outcome when compared to arthrodesis after proximal row carpectomy only technique. Level of evidence: III
Surgical reconstruction for spasticity and contracture: An underutilised rehabilitative strategy of adult stroke
Authors: Chung Marvin Man Ting , Ip Wing Yuk 
Published: September 2024

Summary Post-stroke spasticity and contracture remain prevalent and pose significant challenges in stroke rehabilitation. While non-surgical management is the mainstay, surgical reconstruction offers a valuable adjunct when conservative measures are exhausted. This clinical review article provides an overview of surgical reconstruction for limb spasticity and contracture following adult stroke, encompassing the rationale and specifics of these interventions. It highlights the underutilization of surgical reconstruction in rehabilitation of adult stroke patients with spasticity and contracture, and the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration including surgeons in stroke rehabilitation to optimize functional outcomes.
Excision of a nasal dermoid sinus cyst and primary reconstruction using an autologous fascia lata graft in a cat
Authors: Manzoni Sara , Aloisi Roberta , Bongartz Alexandre 
Published: September 2024

Case summaryA 6-year-old female spayed domestic shorthair cat was presented with a 7-month history of a subcutaneous mass on the dorsal nasal surface. A CT examination revealed the presence of a nasal dermoid sinus cyst with a nasal bone defect. The cyst was excised and an autologous fascia lata graft was used for reconstruction. The dorsal nasal bone was reconstituted and no compromise of respiratory function was reported in the long-term outcome. No short-term complications were observed at the 2-week follow-up. No long-term complications or recurrence were observed at the 2- and 12-month follow-ups. Fascia lata grafting appears to be an effective method for repairing a nasal bone defect after surgical excision of a nasal dermoid sinus cyst in cats. It is inexpensive and the tissue is easily harvested and provides good functional and cosmetic results.Relevance and novel informationTo the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report that evaluates the effectiveness of repairing a nasal bone defect after dermoid sinus cyst excision in a cat using an autologous fascia lata graft.
Analysis of autonomic responses during transnasal cooling via facial temperature and heart rate monitoring
Authors: Gonuguntla Akhilesh , Tandri Ananya , Tripathi Hemantkumar , Kolandaivelu Aravindan , Tandri Harikrishna 
Published: September 2024

Introduction Transnasal cooling has been shown to improve symptoms in patients with migraine headaches in a recent clinical trial. However, the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is unclear. Methods We sought to explore the potential autonomic responses to transnasal cooling in 10 patients by measuring changes in facial temperature and heart rate. Results We observed a decrease in average facial temperatures at the end of intervention compared to baseline in all regions measured, namely the forehead (−0.55 ± 0.58°F, p = 0.007), the opposite cheek (−0.44 ± 0.34°F, p = 0.027), and the same cheek (−0.64 ± 0.91°F, p = 0.001). The average baseline heart rate was 70.1 ± 10.5 bpm and did not undergo a change throughout the three phases (p = 0.22). Conclusion Bilateral facial temperature reduction despite unilateral cooling, prolonged cooling effect post-intervention, and no significant change in heart rate suggest a local sympathetic response to transnasal cooling.
Deep neural network models for cell type prediction based on single-cell Hi-C data
Authors: Zhou Bing , Liu Quanzhong , Wang Meili , Wu Hao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Cell type prediction is crucial to cell type identification of genomics, cancer diagnosis and drug development, and it can solve the time-consuming and difficult problem of cell classification in biological experiments. Therefore, a computational method is urgently needed to classify and predict cell types using single-cell Hi-C data. In previous studies, there is a lack of convenient and accurate method to predict cell types based on single-cell Hi-C data. Deep neural networks can form complex representations of single-cell Hi-C data and make it possible to handle the multidimensional and sparse biological datasets.

Results
We compare the performance of SCANN with existing methods and analyze the model by using five different evaluation metrics. When using only ML1 and ML3 datasets, the ARI and NMI values of SCANN increase by 14% and 11% over those of scHiCluster respectively. However, when using all six libraries of data, the ARI and NMI values of SCANN increase by 63% and 88% over those of scHiCluster respectively. These findings show that SCANN is highly accurate in predicting the type of independent cell samples using single-cell Hi-C data.

Conclusions
SCANN enhances the training speed and requires fewer resources for predicting cell types. In addition, when the number of cells in different cell types was extremely unbalanced, SCANN has higher stability and flexibility in solving cell classification and cell type prediction using the single-cell Hi-C data. This predication method can assist biologists to study the differences in the chromosome structure of cells between different cell types.
Real world analysis of treatment change and response in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) alone and with concomitant psychiatric comorbidities: results from an electronic health record database study in the United States
Authors: Liman Christian , Schein Jeffrey , Wu Ashley , Huang Xueyan , Thadani Simran , Childress Ann , Kollins Scott H. , Bhattacharjee Sandipan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The objectives of this study were to examine the association of psychiatric comorbidities and patient characteristics with treatment change and response as well as to assess the association between treatment change and healthcare resource utilization (HCRU) among adult patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and psychiatric comorbidities.

Methods
De-identified electronic health records from the NeuroBlu Database (2002–2021) were used to select patients ≥ 18 years with ADHD who were prescribed ADHD-specific medication. The index date was set as the first prescription of ADHD medication. The outcomes were treatment change (discontinuation, switch, add-on, or drop) and HCRU (inpatient, outpatient, composite) within 12 months of follow-up. Cox proportional-hazard model was used to assess the association between clinical and demographic patient characteristics and treatment change, while generalized linear model with negative binomial distribution and log link function was used to assess the association between key risk factors linked to treatment change and HCRU rates.

Results
A total of 3,387 patients with ADHD were included (ADHD only: 1,261; ADHD + major depressive disorder (MDD): 755; ADHD + anxiety disorder: 467; ADHD + mood disorder: 164). Nearly half (44.8%) of the study cohort experienced a treatment change within the 12-month follow-up period. Treatment switch and add-on were more common in patients with ADHD and comorbid MDD and anxiety disorder (switch: 18.9%; add-on: 20.5%) compared to other cohorts (range for switch: 8.5–13.6%; range for add-on: 8.9–12.1%) Survival analysis demonstrated that the probability of treatment change within 12 months from treatment initiation in the study cohort was estimated to be 42.4%. Outpatient visit rates statistically significantly increased from baseline (mean [SD] 1.03 [1.84] visits/month) to 3 months post-index (mean [SD] 1.62 [1.91] visits/month; p < 0.001), followed by a gradual decline up to 12 months post-index. Being prescribed both a stimulant and a non-stimulant at index date was statistically significantly associated with increased risk of treatment change (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.13, 2.38; p = 0.01).

Conclusions
This real-world study found that treatment change was common among patients with ADHD and psychiatric comorbidities. These findings support the need for future studies to examine the unmet medical and treatment needs of this complex patient population.
Detection of spontaneous breathing during an apnea test in a patient with suspected brain death using electrical impedance tomography: a case report
Authors: Chen Rongqing , Lovas András , Bakos Péter , Molnár Tamás , Hawchar Fatime , Benyó Balázs , Zhao Zhanqi , Chase J. Geoffrey , Rupitsch Stefan J. , Moeller Knut 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
The apnea test (AT) is a crucial procedure in determining brain death (BD), with detection of spontaneous breathing efforts serving as a key criterion. Numerous national statutes mandate complete disconnection of the patient from the ventilator during the procedure to open the airway directly to the atmosphere. These regulations mandate visual observation as an exclusive option for detecting breathing efforts. However, reliance on visual observation alone can pose challenges in identifying subtle respiratory movements.

Case Presentation
This case report presents a 55-year-old morbidly obese male patient with suspected BD due to cerebral hemorrhage undergoing an AT. The AT was performed with continuous electrical impedance tomography (EIT) monitoring. Upon detection of spontaneous breathing movements by both visual observation and EIT, the AT was aborted, and the patient was reconnected to the ventilator. EIT indicated a shift in ventilation distribution from the ventral to the dorsal regions, indicating the presence of spontaneous breathing efforts. EIT results also suggested the patient experienced a slow but transient initial recovery phase, likely due to atelectasis induced by morbid obesity, before returning to a steady state of ventilatory support.

Conclusion
The findings suggest EIT could enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of detecting spontaneous breathing efforts, providing additional insights into the respiratory status of patients during the AT.
Workplace violence against healthcare workers in the emergency department — a 10-year retrospective single-center cohort study
Authors: Benning Leo , Teepe Gisbert W. , Kleinekort Jan , Thoma Jorun , Röttger Michael Clemens , Prunotto Andrea , Gottlieb Dominik , Klöppel Stefan , Busch Hans-Jörg , Hans Felix P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Medical staff are regularly confronted with workplace violence (WPV), which poses a threat to the safety of both staff and patients. Structured de-escalation training (DET) for Emergency Department (ED) staff has been shown to positively affect the reporting of WPV incidents and possibly reduce its impact. This study aimed to describe the development of incidence rates, causes, means, targets, locations, responses, and the time of WPV events. Additionally, it explored the effect of the staff trained in DET on the objective and subjective severity of the respective WPV events.

Methods
In a retrospective, single-center cohort study, we analyzed ten years of WPV events using the data of Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised (SOAS-R) score (ranging from 0 to 22) in a tertiary ED from 2014 to 2023. The events were documented by ED staff and stored in the electronic health record (EHR).

Results
Between 2014 and 2023, 160 staff members recorded 859 incidents, noting an average perceived severity of 5.78 (SD = 2.65) and SOAS-R score of 11.18 (SD = 4.21). Trends showed a non-significant rise in incident rates per 10,000 patients over time. The WPV events were most frequently reported by nursing staff, and the cause of the aggression was most often not discernible (n = 353, 54.56%). In total, n = 273 (31.78%) of the WPV events were categorized as severe, and the most frequent target of the aggressive behavior was the staff. WPV events occurred most frequently in the traumatology section and the detoxification rooms. While the majority of events could be addressed with verbal interventions, more forceful interventions were performed significantly more often for higher severity WPV events. More WPV events occurred during off-hours and were of a significantly higher objective and subjective severity. Overall, the presence of staff with completed DET led to significantly higher SOAS-R scores and higher perceived severity.

Conclusion
The findings underline the relevance of WPV events in the high-risk environment of an ED. The analyzed data suggest that DET significantly fostered the awareness of WPV. While most events can be addressed with verbal interventions, WPV remains a concern that needs to be addressed through organizational measures and further research.
Insights into epidemiological trends of severe chest injuries: an analysis of age, period, and cohort from 1990 to 2019 using the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Authors: Chen Qingsong , Huang Guangbin , Li Tao , Zhang Qi , He Ping , Yang Jun , Li Yongming , Du Dingyuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
This study assessed the global trends and burden of severe chest injury, including rib fractures, lung contusions, and heart injuries from 1990 to 2019. Herein, we predicted the burden patterns and temporal trends of severe chest injuries to provide epidemiological evidence globally and in China.

Methods
In our analysis, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), prevalence rate (ASPR), and years lived with disability rate (ASYR) of severe chest injury were analyzed by gender, age, sociodemographic index, and geographical region between 1990 and 2019 using data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2019. Trends were depicted by calculating the estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs). The impact of age, period, and cohort factors was assessed using an Age-Period-Cohort model. Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was employed to predict severe chest injury trends from 2020 to 2050.

Results
In 2019, the global number of severe chest injury cases reached 7.95 million, with the highest incidence rate observed in Central Europe (209.61). Afghanistan had the highest ASIRs at 277.52, while North Korea had the lowest ASIRs at 41.02. From 1990 to 2019, the Syrian Arab Republic saw significant increases in ASIR, ASPR, and ASYR, with EAPCs of 10.4%, 9.31%, and 10.3%, respectively. Burundi experienced a decrease in ASIR with an EAPC of − 6.85% (95% confidence interval [CI] − 11.11, − 2.37), while Liberia’s ASPR and ASYR declined with EAPCs of − 3.22% (95% CI − 4.73, − 1.69) and − 5.67% (95% CI − 8.00, − 3.28), respectively. Falls and road injuries remained the most common causes. The relative risk of severe chest injury by age, period, and cohort demonstrated a complex effect globally and in China. The ARIMA model forecasted a steady increase in global numbers from 2020 to 2050, while in China, it forecasted an increase in incidence, a decrease in ASIR and ASYR, and an increase in ASPR.

Conclusions
This study provides a groundbreaking analysis of global severe chest injury, shedding light on its measures and impact. These findings highlight the need for timely, specialized care and addressing regional disparities to mitigate the severe chest injury burden.
Combinatorial biosynthesis of novel aminoglycoside antibiotics via pathway engineering
Authors: Aboshanab Khaled M. , Alshahrani Mohammad Y. , Alafeefy Ahmed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the current spread of clinically relevant multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, insufficient unearthing of new anti-infectives, and the high cost required for approval of new antimicrobial agents, a strong need for getting these agents via more economic and other alternative routes has emerged. With the discovery of the biosynthetic pathways of various antibiotics pointing out the role of each gene/protein in their antibiotic-producing strains, it became apparent that the biosynthetic gene clusters can be manipulated to produce modified antibiotics. This new approach is known as the combinatorial biosynthesis of new antibiotics which can be employed for obtaining novel derivatives of these valuable antibiotics using genetically modified antibiotic-producing strains (pathway engineering). In this review and based on the available biosynthetic gene clusters of the major aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs), the possible alterations or modifications that could be done by co-expression of certain gene(s) previously known to be involved in unique biosynthetic steps have been discussed. In this review defined novel examples of modified AGA using this approach were described and the information provided will act as a platform of researchers to get and develop new antibiotics by the antibiotic-producing bacterial strains such as Streptomyces, Micromonospora,…etc. This way, novel antibiotics with new biological activities could be isolated and used in the treatment of infectious diseases conferring resistance to existing antibiotics.