bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of prescribing directives on opioid prescribing practices among Veterans Health Administration providers
Authors: Barber Catherine , Gagnon David , Fonda Jennifer , Cho Kelly , Hermos John , Miller Matthew 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPurposeThe study aimed to test whether directives on opioid prescribing released by the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) or the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had an impact on prescribing among VHA providers.MethodsWe used the VHA's linked pharmacy and patient medical records database to identify new prescriptions written for propoxyphene, fentanyl, and controlled release (CR) oxycodone between 1/1/2000 and 12/31/2009. We plotted the monthly proportion of these prescriptions that complied with components of four specific safety alerts or directives for these substances issued by the VHA or FDA between 1/1/2001 and 12/31/2008. We modeled compliance using interrupted time series analysis and a generalized additive model with the addition of an indicator variable to flag prescriptions that followed the directive's release date.ResultsA total of 32.2 million new prescriptions for fentanyl, oxycodone CR, and propoxyphene were written for VHA patients meeting inclusion criteria. Compliance with guidelines in the directives increased steadily throughout the entire study period, with no clinically meaningful inflection point near the date of each directive's release. Generalized additive modeling and interrupted time series analysis found that the indicator flag slightly improved the fit of the data, but visual inspection of the plots revealed no change at a level of practical significance.ConclusionsWhile prescribing compliance increased throughout the period, release of FDA and VHA alerts and guidelines did not appear to contribute to this change. Given the fivefold increase in the rate of drug‐related overdose deaths since 1990, identifying effective methods to communicate safety messages and change prescriber behavior remains a priority for future work. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of a multicomponent physical activity behavior change intervention on fatigue, anxiety, and depressive symptomatology in breast cancer survivors: randomized trial
Authors: Rogers Laura Q. , Courneya Kerry S. , Anton Philip M. , Verhulst Steven , Vicari Sandra K. , Robbs Randall S. , McAuley Edward 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo determine the effects of the 3‐month multicomponent Better Exercise Adherence after Treatment for Cancer (BEAT Cancer) physical activity behavior change intervention on fatigue, depressive symptomatology, and anxiety.MethodsPostprimary treatment breast cancer survivors (n = 222) were randomized to BEAT Cancer or usual care. Fatigue Symptom Inventory and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were assessed at baseline, postintervention (month 3; M3), and follow‐up (month 6; M6).ResultsAdjusted linear mixed‐model analyses demonstrated significant effects of BEAT Cancer vs usual care on fatigue intensity (M3 mean between group difference [M] = −0.6; 95% confidence interval [CI] = −1.0 to −0.2; effect size [d] = −0.32; P = .004), fatigue interference (M3 M = −0.8; CI = −1.3 to −0.4; d = −0.40; P < .001), depressive symptomatology (M3 M = −1.3; CI = −2.0 to −0.6; d = −0.38; P < .001), and anxiety (M3 M = −1.3; CI = −2.0 to −0.5; d = −0.33; P < .001). BEAT Cancer effects remained significant at M6 for all outcomes (all P values <.05; d = −0.21 to −.35). Clinically meaningful effects were noted for fatigue intensity, fatigue interference, and depressive symptomatology.ConclusionsBEAT Cancer reduces fatigue, depressive symptomatology, and anxiety up to 3 months postintervention in postprimary treatment breast cancer survivors. Further study is needed to determine sustainable methods for disseminating and implementing the beneficial intervention components.
A Single Session of Mirror‐based Tactile and Motor Training Improves Tactile Dysfunction in Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy: A Replicated Randomized Controlled Case Series
Authors: Auld Megan L. , Johnston Leanne M. , Russo Remo N. , Moseley G. Lorimer 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionThis replicated randomized controlled crossover case series investigated the effect of mirror‐based tactile and motor training on tactile registration and perception in children with unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP).MethodsSix children with UCP (6–18 years; median 10 years, five male, three‐left hemiplegia, four‐manual ability classification system (MACS) I, one MACS II and one MACS III) participated. They attended two 90‐minute sessions — one of mirror‐based training and one of standard practice, bimanual therapy — in alternated order. Tactile registration (Semmes Weinstein Monofilaments) and perception (double simultaneous or single‐point localization) were assessed before and after each session. Change was estimated using reliable change index (RCI).ResultsTactile perception improved in four participants (RCI > 1.75), with mirror‐based training, but was unchanged with bimanual therapy (RCI < 1.0 for all participants). Neither intervention affected tactile registration.DiscussionMirror‐based training demonstrates potential to improve tactile perception in children with UCP. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
From membrane tension to channel gating: A principal energy transfer mechanism for mechanosensitive channels
Authors: Zhang Xuejun C. , Liu Zhenfeng , Li Jie 
Published: August 2016

AbstractMechanosensitive (MS) channels are evolutionarily conserved membrane proteins that play essential roles in multiple cellular processes, including sensing mechanical forces and regulating osmotic pressure. Bacterial MscL and MscS are two prototypes of MS channels. Numerous structural studies, in combination with biochemical and cellular data, provide valuable insights into the mechanism of energy transfer from membrane tension to gating of the channel. We discuss these data in a unified two‐state model of thermodynamics. In addition, we propose a lipid diffusion‐mediated mechanism to explain the adaptation phenomenon of MscS.
Intensive electrocaloric effect in triglycine sulfate under nonequilibrium thermal conditions and periodic electric field
Authors: Bondarev V. S. , Mikhaleva E. A. , Gorev M. V. , Flerov I. N. 
Published: August 2016

We present the results of both direct measurements and modeling of the intensive electrocaloric effect ΔTAD in ferroelectric triglycine sulfate under nonequilibrium thermal conditions and periodically varying electric field. In the narrow region around the phase transition temperature TC, a visible difference was observed between the electrocaloric responses at applying ΔTON and removal ΔTOFF of the constant electric field: |ΔTON| < |ΔTOFF| and |ΔTON| > |ΔTOFF| at T < TC and T > TC, respectively. The variation of the frequency and profile of the periodic electric field at T < TC allowed one to obtain the gradual decrease in the average temperature of the top of the sample compared to the bottom kept at the constant temperature. At low frequency electric field, qualitative agreement was found between the time dependences of the measured experimentally and calculated ΔT values.Experimental and modeling studies of electrocaloric effect ΔTAD in triglycine sulfate showed that the applying/removal of a periodic electric field to/from the bulk sample decreases the average value of the waiving temperature of the top Ttop compared to T = const of the bottom. Both frequency and duty cycle of the electric field impulses strongly affect Ttop.
The electron delocalization range in stretched bonds
Authors: Mehmood Arshad , Janesko Benjamin G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe electron delocalization range function EDR(
(Janesko et al., J. Chem. Phys. 2014, 141, 144104) quantifies the width of the one‐particle density matrix about point
, measuring aspects of delocalization. Here, we explore the EDR in stretched and compressed chemical bonds. The EDR illustrates how compressing chemical bonds localizes the one‐particle density matrix about the reference point, and captures aspects of fractional occupancy, and left‐right correlation in stretched covalent bonds.
Efficient identity authentication and encryption technique for high throughput RFID system
Authors: Hsu Ching‐Hsien , Wang Shangguang , Zhang Daqiang , Chu Hai‐Cheng , Lu Ning 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRadio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology provides a seamless link between physical world and the information system in cyber space. However, the emerging Internet of Things and cloud systems are full of security holes, which introduce new challenging security problems in both tag identification and data privacy. In this paper, we present efficient methods for identity authentication and data encryption to enhance RFID privacy. The proposed techniques aim to ensure no adversary interacting with the tags and the reader, to infer any information on a tag's identity from the communication. The main idea, a symmetric cryptography technique, termed as Advanced Encryption Standard, was applied to implement both mutual authentication and data encryption between the front and back ends of RFID systems. The Advanced Encryption Standard cryptographic algorithm was adopted because of its low hardware complexity and high security strength. In addition, the proposed key management protocol is proved resistant to several known RFID attacks such as Man‐in‐the‐Middle, Denial‐of‐Service, replay, clone attack, and backward/forward traceability. The computational time complexity of the proposed scheme through the entire identity authentication and data encryption phases is 3Tencrypt + 1Tnonce + 4Txor, which is superior to most existing approaches. The proposed scheme was also proved to be able to provide higher data encryption performance than other symmetric cryptographic algorithms with regard to the same level of security strength. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extracellular RNA in aging
Authors: Dluzen Douglas F. , Noren Hooten Nicole , Evans Michele K. 
Published: August 2016

Since the discovery of extracellular RNA (exRNA) in circulation and other bodily fluids, there has been considerable effort to catalog and assess whether exRNAs can be used as markers for health and disease. A variety of exRNA species have been identified including messenger RNA and noncoding RNA such as microRNA (miRNA), small nucleolar RNA, transfer RNA, and long noncoding RNA. Age‐related changes in exRNA abundance have been observed, and it is likely that some of these transcripts play a role in aging. In this review, we summarize the current state of exRNA profiling in various body fluids and discuss age‐related changes in exRNA abundance that have been identified in humans and other model organisms. miRNAs, in particular, are a major focus of current research and we will highlight and discuss the potential role that specific miRNAs might play in age‐related phenotypes and disease. We will also review challenges facing this emerging field and various strategies that can be used for the validation and future use of exRNAs as markers of aging and age‐related disease. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1385. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1385This article is categorized under:

Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease
RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Development
1D Structure Sodium Coordination Anion based on [5‐(Dinitromethylene)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐tetrazole]: Syntheses, Structures, and Thermal Behavior
Authors: Wu Le , Zhang Jian‐Guo , Wu Jin‐Ting , Yin Xin , He Piao 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe ten‐coordinate complex, (HATr)[Na(DNMz)]·H2O (1) was synthesized by reaction of 5‐(dinitromethylene)‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐tetrazole (DNMz), sodium hydroxide, and 3‐hydrazinium‐4‐amino‐1,2,4‐1H‐triazolium dichloride (HATr) in aqueous solution and characterized by various physico‐chemical techniques. Complex 1 is an energetic material with a nitrogen content of 51.2 % and a decomposition temperature of 128.9 °C. The molecular structure of complex 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic system with P2(1)/c group and shows an infinite 1D chain structure. The heat of formation was determined as –122.27 kJ·mol–1 by using bomb calorimetry. In addition, the kinetic parameters were studied by Kissinger's and Ozawa‐Doyle's methods.
Cyclopentanolates of Aluminum Hydride/Aluminum Chloride forming Aluminum‐Oxygen‐Hetero‐Cages and Mixed Coordination Oligomers
Authors: Ali Awadelkareem A. , Huch Volker , Aktas Cenk , Veith Michael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLithium aluminum hydride combined with different amounts of aluminum chloride react with cyclopentanol under the formation of compounds with aluminum‐oxygen scaffolds and hydrogen or chlorine as terminating substituents at aluminum and cyclopentyl at the oxygen atoms. H6Al4(OC5H9)6 and Cl6Al4(OC5H9)6, both displaying a central aluminum atom almost octahedrally coordinated by oxygen atoms of the cyclopentanolates with three AlH2 or AlCl2 entities bridging three oxygen edges were isolated and fully characterized. The compound dihydrido aluminum cyclopentanolate was isolated together with chloro‐hydrido aluminum cyclo‐pentanolate as a 6:2 aggregate, [H2Al(OC5H9)]6[H(Cl)Al(OC5H9)]2, displaying alcoholate and hydride bridges in the crystal. Structural isomers of this compound were found in the solid. Mono‐hydrides could be isolated in the form of H5Al5(O)(OC5H9)8*OC4H10 and in the form of a hydride/chloride H4.5Cl0.5Al5(O)(OC5H9)8*OC4H10, which is a 1:1 mixture of H5Al5(O)(OC5H9)8 with H4ClAl5(O)(OC5H9)8 in the crystal. In both compounds an oxygen atom is in the center of an Al5 square pyramid. While in the first case the aluminum atom situated at the top of the pyramid has a hydride ligand, in the second case the ligand is a chloride.
Lipase genes in Mucor circinelloides: identification, sub-cellular location, phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling during growth and lipid accumulation
Authors: Zan Xinyi , Tang Xin , Chu Linfang , Zhao Lina , Chen Haiqin , Chen Yong Q , Chen Wei , Song Yuanda 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Lipases or triacylglycerol hydrolases are widely spread in nature and are particularly common in the microbial world. The filamentous fungus Mucor circinelloides is a potential lipase producer, as it grows well in triacylglycerol-contained culture media. So far only one lipase from M. circinelloides has been characterized, while the majority of lipases remain unknown in this fungus. In the present study, 47 potential lipase genes in M. circinelloides WJ11 and 30 potential lipase genes in M. circinelloides CBS 277.49 were identified by extensive bioinformatics analysis. An overview of these lipases is presented, including several characteristics, sub-cellular location, phylogenetic analysis and expression profiling of the lipase genes during growth and lipid accumulation. All of these proteins contained the consensus sequence for a classical lipase (GXSXG motif) and were divided into four types including α/β-hydrolase_1, α/β-hydrolase_3, class_3 and GDSL lipase (GDSL) based on gene annotations. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that class_3 family and α/β-hydrolase_3 family were the conserved lipase family in M. circinelloides. Additionally, some lipases also contained a typical acyltransferase motif of H-(X) 4-D, and these lipases may play a dual role in lipid metabolism, catalyzing both lipid hydrolysis and transacylation reactions. The differential expression of all lipase genes were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR, and the expression profiling were analyzed to predict the possible biological roles of these lipase genes in lipid metabolism in M. circinelloides. We preliminarily hypothesized that lipases may be involved in triacylglycerol degradation, phospholipid synthesis and beta-oxidation. Moreover, the results of sub-cellular localization, the presence of signal peptide and transcriptional analyses of lipase genes indicated that four lipase in WJ11 most likely belong to extracellular lipases with a signal peptide. These findings provide a platform for the selection of candidate lipase genes for further detailed functional study.
Study of the behavior of Tunis soft clay
Authors: Klai Mnaouar , Bouassida Mounir 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The paper reviews research investigations conducted on Tunis soft clay that is classified as problematic soil. Results obtained from an experimental study carried out on undisturbed Tunis soft clay specimens are presented and interpreted. On the basis of experimental results, the paper discusses which constitutive law can describe at best the observed behavior of Tunis soft clay. The elastoplastic behavior modeled by the hardening soil model is then justified upon the validation of numerical results of oedometer and triaxial tests carried out on undisturbed soft clay specimens. Stage construction of embankment built of Tunis soft clay was analyzed by the FE code Plaxis 2D. This case study well illustrated the need for practicing ground improvement techniques to neutralize the inherent long-term settlement induced in soft clay.
Antimicrobial treatment decision for non-purulent skin and soft tissue infections in the emergency department
Authors: Yadav Krishan , Gatien Mathieu , Corrales-Medina Vicente , Stiell Ian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectivesWe surveyed Canadian emergency physicians to determine how skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are managed and which risk factors were felt to be important in predicting failure with oral antibiotics.MethodsWe performed an electronic survey of physician members of the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) using the modified Dillman method.ResultsThe survey response rate was 36.9% (n=391) amongst CAEP members. There was a lack of consensus regarding management of SSTIs. CAEP respondents identified 14 risk factors for predicting treatment failure with oral antibiotics, including hypotension, tachypnea, and patient reported severity of pain >8 of 10.ConclusionsThe survey demonstrates significant variability regarding physician management of SSTIs, and we have identified several perceived risk factors for treatment failure with oral antibiotics that should be assessed in future studies.
Semi-Automated Equipment for CO2 Purification and Graphitization at the A.E. Lalonde AMS Laboratory (Ottawa, Canada)
Authors: St-Jean Gilles , Kieser William E , Crann Carley A , Murseli Sarah 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNew computer-controlled, semi-automatic systems were designed and built for CO2 purification and graphitization at the A.E. Lalonde Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) Laboratory with consideration for user friendliness and high throughput. The stainless steel vacuum lines are orbitally welded to ensure clean seams with low memory. The insulated graphitization ovens with plug-in electrodes provide a hazard-free environment for operators. The closed-loop cooling system circulating low-viscosity Dynalene at –40°C provides highly efficient water trapping. The LabVIEWTM software features (1) pressure and temperature recording for QA/QC; (2) safety interlocks to preclude operator errors resulting in sample loss, cross-contamination, or damaging a vacuum pump; and (3) automation for leak checking, iron conditioning, and running samples. Results from the first year of routinely measured standards, reference, and background materials are reproducible and within acceptance values. In the first year of operation (commissioned in spring 2014), over 1000 targets (~60% unknowns) were produced. With new tube sealing and CO2 purification lines, and two more graphitization lines now operational, the Lalonde AMS Laboratory is able to provide routine radiocarbon analysis (>200 µg carbon) at a capacity of more than 7000 targets per year. Most importantly, the equipment is safe and intuitive, making it ideal for education and training students to run their own samples.
Longitudinal and long-term effects of radiotherapy on swallowing function after tongue reconstruction
Authors: Fujiki M , Miyamoto S , Zenda S , Sakuraba M 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjective:This study evaluated the longitudinal and long-term effects of radiotherapy on swallowing function after tongue reconstruction.Methods:The study comprised 16 patients who had: undergone glossectomy and tongue reconstruction with free flap transfer, received adjuvant radiotherapy, and survived without recurrence for at least 1 year. Swallowing function, as indicated by tolerance of oral intake, was evaluated before radiotherapy, at radiotherapy completion, and at 6 and 12 months after radiotherapy completion.Results:Before radiotherapy, all patients could tolerate oral intake. At radiotherapy completion, only three patients could consume all nutrition orally. However, swallowing function improved over time, and by 12 months after radiotherapy completion it had returned nearly to that before radiotherapy.Conclusion:Acute dysphagia due to radiotherapy after tongue reconstruction is severe, but can improve gradually. Multidisciplinary support of patients during percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy dependence is important to improve long-term functional outcomes.
From “sense of number” to “sense of magnitude”: The role of continuous magnitudes in numerical cognition
Authors: Leibovich Tali , Katzin Naama , Harel Maayan , Henik Avishai 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn this review, we are pitting two theories against each other: the more accepted theory, the number sense theory, suggesting that a sense of number is innate and non-symbolic numerosity is being processed independently of continuous magnitudes (e.g., size, area, and density); and the newly emerging theory suggesting that (1) both numerosities and continuous magnitudes are processed holistically when comparing numerosities and (2) a sense of number might not be innate. In the first part of this review, we discuss the number sense theory. Against this background, we demonstrate how the natural correlation between numerosities and continuous magnitudes makes it nearly impossible to study non-symbolic numerosity processing in isolation from continuous magnitudes, and therefore, the results of behavioral and imaging studies with infants, adults, and animals can be explained, at least in part, by relying on continuous magnitudes. In the second part, we explain the sense of magnitude theory and review studies that directly demonstrate that continuous magnitudes are more automatic and basic than numerosities. Finally, we present outstanding questions. Our conclusion is that there is not enough convincing evidence to support the number sense theory anymore. Therefore, we encourage researchers not to assume that number sense is simply innate, but to put this hypothesis to the test and consider whether such an assumption is even testable in the light of the correlation of numerosity and continuous magnitudes.
How to measure public demand for policies when there is no appropriate survey data?
Authors: Oehl Bianca , Schaffer Lena Maria , Bernauer Thomas 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExplanatory models accounting for variation in policy choices by democratic governments usually include a demand (by the public) and a supply (by the government) component, whereas the latter component is usually better developed from a measurement viewpoint. The main reason is that public opinion surveys, the standard approach to measuring public demand, are expensive, difficult to implement simultaneously for different countries for purposes of crossnational comparison and impossible to implementex postfor purposes of longitudinal analysis if survey data for past time periods are lacking. We therefore propose a new approach to measuring public demand, focussing on political claims made by nongovernmental actors and expressed in the news. To demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of our measure ofpublished opinion, we focus on climate policy in the time period between 1995 and 2010. When comparing the new measure of published opinion with the best available public opinion survey and internet search data, it turns out that our data can serve as a meaningful proxy for public demand.