bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bis‐Copper(II)/π‐Radical Multi‐Heterospin System with Non‐innocent Doubly N‐Confused Dioxohexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.0) Ligand
Authors: Yamasumi Kazuhisa , Nishimura Keiichi , Hisamune Yutaka , Nagae Yusuke , Uchiyama Tomoki , Kamitani Kazutaka , Hirai Tomoyasu , Nishibori Maiko , Mori Shigeki , Karasawa Satoru , Kato Tatsuhisa , Furukawa Ko , Ishida Masatoshi , Furuta Hiroyuki 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA contracted doubly N‐confused dioxohexaphyrin(1.1.1.1.1.0) complex consisting of two paramagnetic copper metals and open‐shell π‐radical ligand was synthesized as a new multi‐heterospin motif. X‐ray spectroscopy supported the divalent character of the inner copper centers, and electron paramagnetic resonance and magnetometric studies suggested the presence of unpaired d electrons strongly antiferromagnetically coupled with π‐radicals delocalized on the macrocycle. The 25 π non‐innocent dioxohexaphyrin ligand allowed the facile interconversion between antiaromatic 24 π and aromatic 26 π species, respectively, upon redox reactions.
Selective Oxidation of Methane with Hydrogen Peroxide Towards Formic Acid in a Micro Fixed‐Bed Reactor
Authors: Zuo Hualiang , Meynen Vera , Klemm Elias 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelective oxidation of methane by using aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution as oxidant was investigated. Colloidal nanosized Cu‐Fe‐silicalite‐1 was prepared and a micro reactor was used to intensify mass transport. It was found that the oxygenate productivity could be enhanced nearly three orders of magnitude while simultaneously ensuring high turn‐over‐frequencies of some 100 h−1. However, the main product in liquid phase was not methanol, but formic acid. At optimized reaction conditions, a selectivity to formic acid of 96.7 % at a methane conversion of 10.3 % could be achieved.
Optimized PEI‐based Transfection Method for Transient Transfection and Lentiviral Production
Authors: Yang Shaozhe , Zhou Xiaoling , Li Rongxiang , Fu Xiuhong , Sun Pingnan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPolyethyleneimine (PEI), a cationic polymer vehicle, forms a complex with DNA which then can carry anionic nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. PEI‐based transfection is widely used for transient transfection of plasmid DNA. The efficiency of PEI‐based transfection is affected by numerous factors, including the way the PEI/DNA complex is prepared, the ratio of PEI to DNA, the concentration of DNA, the storage conditions of PEI solutions, and more. Considering the major influencing factors, PEI‐based transfection has been optimized to improve its efficiency, reproducibility, and consistency. This protocol outlines the steps for ordinary transient transfection and lentiviral production using PEI. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Activated in Situ by Embedded Nickel through the Mott–Schottky Effect for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Chen Teng , Guo Siqi , Yang Jie , Xu Yida , Sun Jie , Wei Dali , Chen Zhaoxu , Zhao Bin , Ding Weiping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe development of low‐cost non‐precious‐metal electrocatalysts with high activity and stability in the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) remains a great challenge. Heteroatom‐doped carbon materials are receiving increased attention in research as effective catalysts. However, the uncontrolled doping of heteroatoms into a carbon matrix tends to inhibit the activity of a catalyst. Here, the in situ activation of a uniquely structured nitrogen‐doped carbon/Ni composite catalyst for the ORR is demonstrated. This well‐designed catalyst is composed of a nitrogen‐doped carbon shell and embedded metallic nickel. The embedded Ni nanoparticles, dispersed on stable alumina with a high specific surface area for protecting them from agglomeration and in an unambiguous composite structure, are electron‐donating and are shielded by the nitrogen‐doped carbon from oxidation/dissolution in harsh environments. The electronic structure of the nitrogen‐doped carbon shell is modulated by the transfer of electrons at the interface of nitrogen‐doped carbon–Ni heterojunctions owing to the Mott–Schottky effect. The electrochemically active surface area result implies that the active sites do not relate to Ni directly and the enhanced catalytic activity mainly arises from the modulation of nitrogen‐doped carbon by nickel. XPS and theoretical calculations suggest that the donated electrons are transferred to pyridinic N primarily, which ought to enhance the catalytic activity intrinsically. Benefiting from these transferred electrons, the half‐wave potential of the nitrogen‐doped carbon/Ni composite catalyst is 94 mV positively shifted compared to the Ni‐free sample.
Covalently Assembled Monolayers of Homo‐ and Heteroleptic FeII‐Terpyridyl Complexes on SiOx and ITO‐Coated Glass Substrates: An Experimental and Theoretical Study
Authors: Mondal Prakash Chandra , Singh Vikram , Manna Arun K. , Zharnikov Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWell‐defined FeII‐terpyridyl monolayers were fabricated on SiOx and conductive ITO‐coated glass substrates through covalent‐bond formation between the metallo‐organic complexes and a preassembled coupling layer. Three different homo‐ and heteroleptic complexes with terminal pyridyl, amine, and phenyl groups were tested. All the films were found to be densely packed and homogeneous, and consist of molecules standing upright. They exhibited high thermal (up to ≈220 °C) and temporal (up to 5 h at 100 °C) stability. The UV/Vis spectra of the monolayers showed pronounced metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer bands with a significant redshift compared with the solution spectra of the metallo‐ligands with a pendant pyridyl group quaternized with the coupling layer, whereas the shift was significantly smaller when the coupling layer was bonded to the primary amine (−NH2) group of the complex. Cyclic voltammograms of the monolayers showed reversible, one‐electron redox behavior and suggested strong electronic coupling between the confined molecules and the underlying substrate. Analysis of the electrochemistry data allowed us to estimate the charge‐transfer rate constant between the metal center and the substrate. Additionally, detailed quantum‐chemical calculations were performed to support and rationalize the experimentally observed photophysical properties of the FeII‐terpyridyl complexes both in the solution state and when bound to a SiOx‐based substrate.
Improved Thermal Stability of Lithium‐Rich Layered Oxide by Fluorine Doping
Authors: Kapylou Andrei , Song Jay Hyok , Missiul Aleksandr , Ham Dong Jin , Kim Dong Han , Moon San , Park Jin Hwan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe thermal stability of lithium‐rich layered oxide with the composition Li(Li1/6Ni1/6Co1/6Mn1/2)O2−xFx (x=0.00 and 0.05) is evaluated for use as a cathode material in lithium‐ion batteries. Thermogravimetric analysis, evolved gas analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry show that, upon fluorine doping, degradation of the lithium‐rich layered oxides commences at higher temperatures and the exothermic reaction is suppressed. Hot box tests also reveal that the prismatic cell with the fluorine‐doped powder does not explode, whereas that with the undoped one explodes at about 135 °C with a sudden temperature increase. XRD analysis indicates that fluorine doping imparts the lithium‐rich layered oxide with better thermal stability by mitigating oxygen release at elevated temperatures that cause an exothermic reaction with the electrolyte. The origin of the reduced oxygen release from the fluorinated lithium‐rich layered oxide is also discussed.
Surface glycan pattern of canine, equine, and ovine bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells
Authors: Desantis Salvatore , Accogli Gianluca , Crovace Antonio , Francioso Edda G. , Crovace Alberto Maria 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe use of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for clinical and experimental studies is increasing, but full characterization of MSCs in veterinary species is hindered by the variability in species‐specific cell surface marker expression and antibody cross reactivity. Recent studies demonstrated that the glycans in the glycocalyx of MSCs are promising candidates as cell biomarkers. In the present study, we analyzed the glycocalyx of canine MSCs (cMSCs), ovine MSCs (oMSCs), and equine MSCs (eMSCs) using a cell microarray procedure in which MSCs were spotted on microarray slides and incubated with a panel of 14 biotinylated lectins and Cy3‐conjugated streptavidin. The signal intensity was then detected using a microarray scanner. The lectin‐binding signals indicated that the MSC surface of the investigated species contained both N‐ and O‐linked glycan types, with N‐glycosylation predominating over O‐glycosylation and fucosylation being more abundant than sialylation. Relative quantification revealed an interspecific difference between these glycans. In addition, cMSCs expressed more α2,3‐linked sialic acid (MAL II), terminal lactosamine (RCA120), and α1,6 and α1,3 fucosylated oligosaccharides (PSA, LTA); oMSCs exhibited more T antigen (Jacalin), GalNAcα1,3(LFucα1,2)Galβ1,3/4GlcNAcβ1 (DBA), chitotriose (succinylated WGA), and α1,2‐linked fucose (UEA I); and eMSCs showed a higher density of α2,6 sialic acids (SNA) and high mannose N‐glycans (Con A). Using cell microarray methodology, we have for the first time demonstrated differences in the glycosylation profiles of cMSC, oMSC, and eMSC surfaces. These results could be valuable as resources and references for MSC differentiation and molecular remodeling in clinical cell‐based therapy and tissue engineering studies. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Linking fishing pressure with ecosystem thresholds and food web stability on coral reefs
Authors: Houk P. , Cuetos‐Bueno J. , Kerr A. M. , McCann K. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractManaging fisheries for ecosystem resilience is essential, but practical guidance is limited by food‐web complexity. Processes, mechanisms, and thresholds associated with ecosystem overfishing were investigated by combining traditional concepts in fisheries biology with recent advances in food‐web modeling. Diverse coral‐reef food webs were simplified by grouping species into guilds based on the way they capture, store, and transfer energy, rather than taxonomically, as is traditionally done. Biomass fluxes between the guilds were then quantified using an allometric trophic model. The model was calibrated by linking parameters describing growth, predation, and competition with known body size and metabolic constraints, and then adjusting the base rate of parameters to match fish biomass estimates from a “pristine” coral reef system. The calibrated model was then tested by replacing equilibrium fish biomasses with observations from fished systems across the Pacific, spanning nine islands and numerous major‐reef habitats. Encouraging relationships were found between predicted algal accumulation and field observations, and between modelled and observed guild restructuring. In terms of food‐web ecology, “pristine” food webs were characterized by asynchronous population dynamics between the guilds (i.e., offsetting fluctuations), which maximized their persistence and the net accumulation of biomass within food webs. Beneficial, offsetting fluctuations were driven by the contrasting roles of density dependence, apparent competition, and predation. Fishing for predators synchronized the population fluctuations between the guilds, resulting in larger amplitudes (i.e., highs and lows), and a growing dominance of small herbivores. Continued fishing for large herbivores eventually led to an inflection point where algal biomass accumulated exponentially, revealing an ecosystem‐based fisheries benchmark. Management targets that maximized fisheries yields while controlling for algal accumulation required simultaneous exploitation across the guilds; a significant challenge because maximum yields of predators, large herbivores, and small herbivores were magnitudes of order apart. This strategy also represented a departure from modern commercial fisheries policies that place catch quotas on entire fish families taxonomically, committing systems to smaller fish, higher biomass turnover, and undesirable algal accumulation. Moving forward, the model provided a flexible and adaptable framework to consider economic and ecosystem objectives of fisheries simultaneously, ultimately balancing resilient food webs against higher fisheries productivity.
Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity Degradation Kinetics During Long‐Term Storage of Rapeseed Oil Pressed From Microwave‐Treated Seeds
Authors: Rękas Agnieszka , Siger Aleksander , Wroniak Małgorzata , Ścibisz Iwona 
Published: September 2017

The present study focuses on the kinetics of degradation of phytochemicals and antioxidant capacity during long‐term storage of rapeseed oils prepared from microwave (MV) pre‐treated seeds (2–10 min, 800 W). A maximum tocochromanols (90.48 mg/100 g) and phenolic compounds (mainly canolol, 1692.15 μg g−1) concentration is achieved after 10 min of seeds MV pre‐treatment, while the highest content of carotenoids (1017.51 μg/100 g) is found in the oils pressed from seeds exposed to microwaves for 6 min. During storage, the tocochromanols and carotenoids decrease following zero‐order kinetic, the reduction of phenolic compounds display pseudo first‐order kinetic. Storage stability of tocochromanols in the oils obtained from MV pre‐treated seeds is comparable to that of the control oil. Oils produced from 8 min MV pre‐treated seeds show the slowest progress of carotenoids reduction, as the values of degradation rate constant (k) are lower (14.678 μg/100 g/month) than that of the control oil (18.168 μg/100 g/month). The half‐life (t1/2) of oils phenolic compounds increases with longer seeds exposition to MV.Practical Applications: Numerous studies have shown favorable effect of oilseeds thermal pre‐processing on the concentration of phytochemicals in the resulting oil. However, there is lack of information regarding storage stability of oils prepared from microwave pre‐treated seeds. As the prediction of shelf‐life is a desirable goal in the food industry, evaluation of phytochemicals degradation based on the kinetic models will provide information on cost‐effectiveness of the seeds thermal pre‐treatment prior to oil cold‐pressing.The present study focuses on the kinetics of degradation of phytochemicals during long‐term storage of rapeseed oils prepared from microwave pre‐treated seeds. The study includes a comparative study of kinetics of tocochromanols, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds in correlation with changes in the antioxidant capacity. It is shown that the content of phytochemicals in the oil and their storage stability is significantly affected by the time of seeds microwave pre‐treatment prior to pressing.
The Effect of Dairy Fat Source on Viscoelastic Properties of Full‐Fat Processed Cheese Spreads
Authors: Černíková Michaela , Pachlová Vendula , Holas Ondřej , Moudrá Kateřina , Slintáková Kateřina , Buňka František 
Published: September 2017

During production of processed cheese, different sources of dairy fat are used, that contain different concentrations of surface active compounds (SAC), for example, natural cheeses (the fat is present in the form of fat globules with membranes with SAC) or butter (practically without membrains with SAC). It is known that SAC concentrations could influence the structure and therefore consistency of processed cheese. The objective of the work is to produce processed cheeses with various SAC contents, and to study how various SAC contents affect the viscoelastic properties of full‐fat processed cheeses (dry matter content 35% w/w and fat content in dry matter 50% w/w) over the course of a 56 day storage period. The elastic, loss, and complex moduli are monitored. The SAC concentration is indirectly controlled by the use of natural cheeses with various fat contents (e.g., ingredients containing fat in the form of fat globules coated by SAC) and butter (an ingredient in which SAC is practically not found at all). The various fat contents of the natural cheeses, and the balancing of this parameter in the raw material composition of the processed cheeses with milk fat (practically without SAC) do not significantly affect the consistency of the processed cheeses (p ≥ 0.05). This finding is positive for industrial practice, where natural cheeses with various fat contents are commonly used.In this work the effect of milk fat source and the concentration of SAC originating from the fat globule membranes on the viscoelastic properties of model processed cheeses are studied.Dependence of the elastic (G′; full symbols; Pa) and the loss (G″; open symbols; Pa) after 1 day (•○) and 56 days (▴△) of storage at 6 ± 2 °C on frequency.
SUR1‐TRPM4 and AQP4 form a heteromultimeric complex that amplifies ion/water osmotic coupling and drives astrocyte swelling
Authors: Stokum Jesse A. , Kwon Min S. , Woo Seung K. , Tsymbalyuk Orest , Vennekens Rudi , Gerzanich Volodymyr , Simard J. Marc 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAstrocyte swelling occurs after central nervous system injury and contributes to brain swelling, which can increase mortality. Mechanisms proffered to explain astrocyte swelling emphasize the importance of either aquaporin‐4 (AQP4), an astrocyte water channel, or of Na+‐permeable channels, which mediate cellular osmolyte influx. However, the spatio‐temporal functional interactions between AQP4 and Na+‐permeable channels that drive swelling are poorly understood. We hypothesized that astrocyte swelling after injury is linked to an interaction between AQP4 and Na+‐permeable channels that are newly upregulated. Here, using co‐immunoprecipitation and Förster resonance energy transfer, we report that AQP4 physically co‐assembles with the sulfonylurea receptor 1—transient receptor potential melastatin 4 (SUR1‐TRPM4) monovalent cation channel to form a novel heteromultimeric water/ion channel complex. In vitro cell‐swelling studies using calcein fluorescence imaging of COS‐7 cells expressing various combinations of AQP4, SUR1, and TRPM4 showed that the full tripartite complex, comprised of SUR1‐TRPM4‐AQP4, was required for fast, high‐capacity transmembrane water transport that drives cell swelling, with these findings corroborated in cultured primary astrocytes. In a murine model of brain edema involving cold‐injury to the cerebellum, we found that astrocytes newly upregulate SUR1‐TRPM4, that AQP4 co‐associates with SUR1‐TRPM4, and that genetic inactivation of the solute pore of the SUR1‐TRPM4‐AQP4 complex blocked in vivo astrocyte swelling measured by diolistic labeling, thereby corroborating our in vitro functional studies. Together, these findings demonstrate a novel molecular mechanism involving the SUR1‐TRPM4‐AQP4 complex to account for bulk water influx during astrocyte swelling. These findings have broad implications for the understanding and treatment of AQP4‐mediated pathological conditions.
A longitudinal examination of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination, public ethnic regard, and depressive symptoms in Latino youth
Authors: Stein Gabriela Livas , Taylor Laura , Kulish Andrea , Gonzalez Laura McLaughlin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis longitudinal study examined the role of perceived racial/ethnic discrimination and public ethnic regard on depressive symptoms in an adolescent Latino sample (n = 141) living in an emerging immigrant community. Using a cross lagged model, this study found that Time 1 (T1) discrimination did not predict T2 depressive symptoms, nor did depressive symptoms predict T2 discrimination. However, public ethnic regard served as a significant moderator of the longitudinal association of discrimination. For youth who reported high public ethnic regard and high racial/ethnic discrimination at T1, they reported greater discrimination at T2 compared to those who reported low public ethnic regard. These findings suggest that an internalized positive perception of the public's view of one's ethnic group is a potential vulnerability factor that needs to be better understood. These findings imply the need for additional research on the unique role of public ethnic regard in emerging immigrant communities.
Self‐Calibrating Wave‐Encoded Variable‐Density Single‐Shot Fast Spin Echo Imaging
Authors: Chen Feiyu , Taviani Valentina , Tamir Jonathan I. , Cheng Joseph Y. , Zhang Tao , Song Qiong , Hargreaves Brian A. , Pauly John M. , Vasanawala Shreyas S. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundIt is highly desirable in clinical abdominal MR scans to accelerate single‐shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) imaging and reduce blurring due to T2 decay and partial‐Fourier acquisition.PurposeTo develop and investigate the clinical feasibility of wave‐encoded variable‐density SSFSE imaging for improved image quality and scan time reduction.Study TypeProspective controlled clinical trial.SubjectsWith Institutional Review Board approval and informed consent, the proposed method was assessed on 20 consecutive adult patients (10 male, 10 female, range, 24–84 years).Field Strength/SequenceA wave‐encoded variable‐density SSFSE sequence was developed for clinical 3.0T abdominal scans to enable high acceleration (3.5×) with full‐Fourier acquisitions by: 1) introducing wave encoding with self‐refocusing gradient waveforms to improve acquisition efficiency; 2) developing self‐calibrated estimation of wave‐encoding point‐spread function and coil sensitivity to improve motion robustness; and 3) incorporating a parallel imaging and compressed sensing reconstruction to reconstruct highly accelerated datasets.AssessmentImage quality was compared pairwise with standard Cartesian acquisition independently and blindly by two radiologists on a scale from –2 to 2 for noise, contrast, confidence, sharpness, and artifacts. The average ratio of scan time between these two approaches was also compared.Statistical TestsA Wilcoxon signed‐rank tests with a P value under 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsWave‐encoded variable‐density SSFSE significantly reduced the perceived noise level and improved the sharpness of the abdominal wall and the kidneys compared with standard acquisition (mean scores 0.8, 1.2, and 0.8, respectively, P < 0.003). No significant difference was observed in relation to other features (P = 0.11). An average of 21% decrease in scan time was achieved using the proposed method.Data ConclusionWave‐encoded variable‐density sampling SSFSE achieves improved image quality with clinically relevant echo time and reduced scan time, thus providing a fast and robust approach for clinical SSFSE imaging.Level of Evidence: 1Technical Efficacy: Stage 6J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:954–966.