bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Double Self‐Assembly Process for Versatile Reduced‐Graphene‐Oxide Layer Deposition and Conformal Coating on 3D Structures
Authors: Jia Guobin , Plentz Jonathan , Presselt Martin , Dellith Jan , Dellith Andrea , Patze Sophie , Tölle Folke Johannes , Mülhaupt Rolf , Andrä Gudrun , Falk Fritz , Dietzek Benjamin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this work, a double self‐assembly (DSA) process is demonstrated based on the surface interaction between graphene flakes (GFs) and surfactant molecules at water/air interface, leading to the formation of a stable and dense monolayer of graphene flakes (MGFs) floating on water surface. The thus prepared MGFs can be easily transferred onto various substrates almost independent of their surface wettability. During deposition both the GFs and excess surfactant molecules rearrange themselves in a self‐assembled way, so that optimal compression of the MGFs is ensured. Consequently, high performance deposition of MGFs can be easily achieved. The here‐reported process combines a fast, reliable, equipment‐free large‐area (>75 cm2 in this work) high performance MGFs deposition onto most substrates irrespective to their wettability. Moreover, the DSA process enables an excellent conformal coating of MGFs on 3D structures. Thus, this technology has the potential to pave the way to many large‐scale affordable applications of low‐cost graphene feedstocks.
Rhodium‐Catalyzed C−H Functionalization of Indoles with Diazo Compounds: Synthesis of Structurally Diverse 2,3‐Fused Indoles
Authors: Gao Mengying , Yang Yaxi , Chen Hua , Zhou Bing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA Rhodium‐catalyzed C2‐H functionalization of indoles with diazo compounds, followed by intramolecular nucleophilic addition to C=O or C=C bonds, is reported for divergent synthesis of 2,3‐fused indoles. Besides acceptor/acceptor diazo compounds, donor/acceptor diazo compounds are broadly tolerated, giving various 2,3‐fused indoles with perfect diastereocontrol. Notably, a selective C−H dialkylation reaction at C2 and C7 position of indoles has also been developed by simply changing the reaction conditions. This environmentally benign transformation proceeds under mild conditions and gives dinitrogen as the only by‐product.magnified image
Sulfonated Mesoporous Silica as Proton Exchanging Layer in Solid‐State Organic Transistor
Authors: Yambem Soniya D. , Timm Jana , Weiss Morten , Pandey Ajay K. , Marschall Roland 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElectronic devices that can interface with biological systems are highly desirable for developing smart bionics and prosthetics. However, this is challenging since most electronic devices used in our daily life send signals through flow of electrons while biological signals are carried via the exchange of ions and protons. Here, an all‐solid‐state, low‐voltage proton‐sensing electronic device using sulfonated mesoporous silica nanoparticles as gate materials in an organic thin film transistor (OTFT) is presented. The OTFT gated with solution processable SO3H‐Si‐MCM‐41 nanoparticle film maintains transistor output characteristics for operating source–drain voltages 0 > Vds > −2.0 V. This proton‐sensing OTFT shows strong modulation in the drain current, ≈12‐fold increase, when the top of the SO3H‐Si‐MCM‐41 layer is brought in contact with H2O2, demonstrating that such OTFT operation is highly applicable in advanced biomedical sensing platforms. The effect of gate electrode thickness and quantity of analyte on achievable modulation is also presented. The sensitivity and stability of the proton sensitive OTFTs over five decades of concentration of analyte is discussed.
Sorting of C4Olefins with Interpenetrated Hybrid Ultramicroporous Materials by Combining Molecular Recognition and Size‐Sieving
Authors: Zhang Zhaoqiang , Yang Qiwei , Cui Xili , Yang Lifeng , Bao Zongbi , Ren Qilong , Xing Huabin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractC4olefin separations present one of the great challenges in hydrocarbon purifications owing to their similar structures, thus a single separation mechanism often met with limited success. Herein we report a series of anion‐pillared interpenetrated copper coordination for which the cavity and functional site disposition can be varied in 0.2 Å scale increments by altering the anion pillars and organic linkers (GeFSIX‐2‐Cu‐i (ZU‐32), NbFSIX‐2‐Cu‐i (ZU‐52), GeFSIX‐14‐Cu‐i (ZU‐33)), which enable selective recognition of different C4olefins. In these materials the rotation of the organic linkers is controlled to create a contracted flexible pore window that enables the size‐exclusion of specific C4olefins, while still adsorbing significant amounts of 1,3‐butadiene (C4H6) or 1‐butene (n‐C4H8). Combining the molecular recognition and size‐sieving effect, these materials unexpectedly realized the sieving of C4H6/n‐C4H8, C4H6/iso‐C4H8, and n‐C4H8/iso‐C4H8with high capacity.
Triaminotriborane(3): A Homocatenated Boron Chain Connected by B−B Multiple Bonds
Authors: Morisako Shogo , Shang Rong , Yamamoto Yohsuke , Matsui Hiroshi , Nakano Masayoshi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA triaminotriborane(3) was isolated as purple crystals through the reduction of (TMP)BCl2 (TMP=2,2,6,6‐tetramethylpiperidino) by sodium naphthalenide. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction and computational studies of the obtained triaminotriborane(3) revealed a bent structure of the [B(NR2)]3 chain. The bond lengths between the central and terminal boron atoms were similar to those observed in neutral diborene species. The multiple‐bonding character may be best described by a three‐center two‐electron π‐bond along the B3 chain. The distance between the two terminal boron atoms (2.177 Å) in the solid‐state structure implies a weak interaction between them. When an excess amount of Li was used as the reducing agent, the reaction yielded an unusual dianionic species. The isolation and characterization of these two reduction products are reported herein.
Biodegradable compatibilized polymer blends for packaging applications: A literature review
Authors: Muthuraj Rajendran , Misra Manjusri , Mohanty Amar Kumar 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTThe majority of materials used for short‐term and disposable packaging application are non‐biodegradable which are not satisfying the demands in environmental safety and sustainability. Biodegradable polymers are an alternative for these non‐biodegradable materials. The biodegradable polymeric materials can degrade in a reasonable time period without causing environmental problems. However, biodegradable polymers possess some limitations such as comparatively high cost, insufficient mechanical performances, and inferior thermal stability to extend their widespread application in packaging industry. To overcome these limitations, one of the most commonly used strategies is melt blending of dissimilar biodegradable polymers. Unfortunately, most of the biodegradable polymer blends exhibit insufficient performance because they are thermodynamically immiscible as well as exhibit poor compatibility between the blended components. It has been established that the compatibilization is a well‐known strategy to improve the performances of the immiscible biodegradable polymer blends by enhancing the adhesion between the phases. As a result, recent studies focus on various compatibilizers to enhance the performances of the resulting biodegradable polymer blends. This review summarizes the recent developments on a variety of biodegradable polymer blends compatibilized by melt processing with a main focus of ex situ and in situ compatibilization strategies. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45726.
Preparation of antireflection coatings with novel cationic–nonionic PU‐SiO2 core–shell particle dispersions
Authors: Jin Xiaohua , Sun Dongcheng 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA novel polyurethane (PU)‐SiO2 core–shell particle dispersion was prepared by an acid‐catalyzed sol–gel process using cationic–nonionic PU particle as template. Results of average sizes, polydispersity index, and transmission electron microscope indicated that tetramethylorthosilicate were first diffused to the surface of PU particles, then occurring hydrolysis–condensation reaction to form core–shell particles. Antireflection coating formulation was prepared by as‐prepared core–shell particle dispersion and SiO2 sol binder. After dip‐coating in the formulation, antireflection coating was formed on glass surface by calcination. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that pores had been formed inside coating after removing PU template particles, and the coating surface could be almost fully closed. In addition, ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometer analysis showed that the maximum transmittance of antireflection glasses can be as high as 98.6% at 548 nm. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45762.
Synthesis of biodegradable polyurethanes chain‐extended with (2S)‐bis(2‐hydroxypropyl) 2‐aminopentane dioate
Authors: Aksoy Eda Ayse , Taskor Gulce , Gultekinoglu Merve , Kara Filiz , Ulubayram Kezban 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTPolyurethanes (PUs) are the most widely used polymers because of their biocompatibility, tunable mechanical properties, and chemical versatility. In this study, a two‐step condensation polymerization of polycaprolactone diol and hexamethylene diisocyanate was carried out, and a glutamic acid ester derivative, (2S)‐bis(2‐hydroxypropyl) 2‐aminopentane dioate (HPAP), was used as a new chain extender to accelerate the biodegradation properties of PU. HPAP was synthesized by the Fischer esterification of l‐glutamic acid. The chemical structure of HPAP was confirmed by high‐resolution mass spectroscopy and m/z (EI) was found to be 264.1447 [calculated value = 264.1443 for C11H21NO6 (M+)]. The Berry plot of static light‐scattering measurements showed that PU–HPAP had a weight‐average molecular weight and radius of gyration of 33,100 g/mol and 1420 nm, respectively. The presence of HPAP in the PU structure facilitated hydrogen bonding between the polymer chains and increased the glass‐transition temperature from −56 °C (PU) to −50 °C (PU–HPAP). PU–HPAP showed the highest hydrophilicity and surface free energy among all of samples, and this accelerated the in vitro biodegradation period via surface erosion. In addition, PU–HPAP did not show any cytotoxic effects on the L929 cells. A new biodegradable and biocompatible PU–HPAP was obtained as candidate for tissue engineering applications. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45764.
Dulse‐derived porous carbon–polyaniline nanocomposite electrode for high‐performance supercapacitors
Authors: Tan Yongtao , Liu Yuansen , Zhang Yafei , Xu Changan , Kong Lingbin , Kang Long , Ran Fen 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTDulse‐derived porous carbon (DDPC)–polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposites were fabricated by a method based on the in situ chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline on DDPC. The characterization of the material showed that the nano‐PANI was grown on the surface of DDPC in the form of nanosticks or nanoparticles. The DDPC–PANI nanocomposites were further used as electrode materials for energy‐storage applications. Meanwhile, the effect of the amount of aniline on the electrochemical performance of DDPC–PANI was also investigated. The results show that a maximum specific capacitance of 458 F/g was achieved for the DDPC–PANI nanocomposites; this was higher than that of the DDPC electrode (218 F/g), and the PANI electrode (318 F/g). The specific capacitance of DDPC–PANI remained 66.0% of the initial value after 5000 cycles; this was higher than that of PANI (50.5%). Finally, a device of DDPC–PANI–activated carbon (AC) was assembled with DDPC–PANI as a positive electrode, which exhibited a high energy density of 9.02 W h/kg, which was higher than that of PANI–AC device. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45776.
Compatibilization effects in thermoplastic protein/polyester blends
Authors: Smith Matthew J. , Verbeek Casparus J. R. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTNovatein thermoplastic protein was extrusion blended with poly(butylene adipate‐co‐terephthalate) (PBAT) in the presence of dual compatibilizers to produce blends with greater energy absorbing properties than pure Novatein. Compatibilizer pairs were Joncryl ADR‐4368 (glycidyl methacrylate‐functionalized) with 2‐methylimidazole (2MI), and poly‐2‐ethyl‐2‐oxazoline (PEOX) with polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate (pMDI). Uncompatibilized Novatein/PBAT blends had decreased tensile mechanical properties, attributed to phase separation, and poor interfacial adhesion. PBAT became finely dispersed in both compatibilized systems, but PEOX/pMDI blends showed embrittlement and large Novatein domains, which acted as stress concentrations. Tensile strength and elongation at break for Joncryl/2MI blends did not decrease compared with Novatein, even at 10 wt % PBAT, and impact strength increased threefold. Dynamic mechanical analysis and solvent extraction showed that PBAT coalesced in all systems, at compositions as low as 2 wt %. It was concluded that using Joncryl/2MI as a dual compatibilizer system can successfully produce a morphology that enhances energy absorption during fracture. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45808.
Flame‐retardant behavior of a phosphorus/silicon compound on polycarbonate
Authors: Ni Pei , Fang Youyou , Qian Lijun , Qiu Yong 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA phosphorus/silicon flame retardant, MVC‐DOPO, was synthesized from 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide (DOPO) and 2,4,6,8‐tetra‐methyl‐2,4,6,8‐tetra‐vinyl‐cyclo‐tetrasiloxane (MVC) via addition reaction. Its flame‐retardant effect on polycarbonate (PC) was investigated. The phosphorus/silicon flame retardant increased the limited oxygen index and UL‐94 rating and reduced the heat release rate and total heat release of DOPO‐MVC/PC composites during combustion, indicating the excellent flame‐retardant effect of MVC‐DOPO on PC. MVC‐DOPO inhibited the burning intensity of PC material in the gaseous phase and promoted the formation of a more viscous residue in the condensed phase. Through releasing phosphorus‐containing pieces and phenoxy radicals from the phosphaphenanthrene group, MVC‐DOPO quenched the combustion chain reaction in the gaseous phase; through promoting formation of a more viscous residue and a dense char layer from the main actions of the cyclotetrasiloxane group, MVC‐DOPO reduced fuel release and generated a barrier effect in the condensed phase. Hence, MVC‐DOPO effectively exerted a flame‐retardant effect on PC material in both the gaseous and condensed phases during combustion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45815.
The Functional Anatomy of Nerves Innervating the Ventral Grooved Blubber of Fin Whales (Balaenoptera Physalus)
Authors: Vogl Wayne , Petersen Hannes , Adams Arlo , Lillie Margo A. , Shadwick Robert E. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTNerves that supply the floor of the oral cavity in rorqual whales are extensible to accommodate the dramatic changes in tissue dimensions that occur during “lunge feeding” in this group. We report here that the large nerves innervating the muscle component of the ventral grooved blubber (VGB) in fin whales are branches of cranial nerve VII (facial nerve). Therefore, the muscles of the VGB are homologous to second branchial arch derived muscles, which in humans include the muscles of “facial expression.” We speculate, based on the presence of numerous foramina on the dorsolateral surface of the mandibular bones, that general sensation from the VGB likely is carried by branches of the mandibular division (V3) of cranial nerve V (trigeminal nerve), and that these small branches travel in the lipid‐rich layer directly underlying the skin. We show that intercostal and phrenic nerves, which are not extensible, have a different wall and nerve core morphology than the large VGB nerves that are branches of VII. Although these VGB nerves are known to have two levels of waviness, the intercostal and phrenic nerves have only one in which the nerve fascicles in the nerve core are moderately wavy. In addition, the VGB nerves have inner and outer parts to their walls with numerous large elastin fibers in the outer part, whereas intercostal and phrenic nerves have single walls formed predominantly of collagen. Our results illustrate that overall nerve morphology depends greatly on location and the forces to which the structures are exposed. Anat Rec, 300:1963–1972, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Anlagenaufwandszahlen für die Bauteilaktivierung in Abhängigkeit des Regelkonzeptes
Authors: Pfafferott Jens , Henze Gregor P. , Lang Tobias 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn der Planungs‐ und Betriebspraxis herrscht im Bereich der Betriebsführung von thermisch aktivierten Bauteilsystemen und insbesondere der thermisch trägen Bauteilaktivierung noch große Unsicherheit. Trotz einer weiten Verbreitung dieser Systeme im Neubau von Nichtwohngebäuden hat sich bis heute keine einheitliche Betriebsführungsstrategie durchgesetzt. Vielmehr kritisieren Bauherren und Nutzer regelmäßig zu hohe bzw. niedrige Raumtemperaturen in den Übergangsjahreszeiten und bei Wetterwechsel sowie generell eine mangelhafte Regelbarkeit. Demgegenüber weisen Monitoringprojekte immer wieder einen hohen thermischen Komfort in diesen Gebäuden nach. Offensichtlich unterscheiden sich hier subjektiv empfundene Behaglichkeit und objektiv gemessener Komfort. Gleichzeitig sind Heiz‐ und Kühlkonzepte mit Flächentemperierung dann besonders energieeffi zient, wenn das Regelkonzept auf deren thermische Trägheit angepasst ist. Eine gute Regelung gewährleistet also einen hohen thermischen Komfort und sorgt für einen möglichst niedrigen Energieeinsatz. Das Rechenverfahren mit Anlagenaufwandszahlen (in Anlehnung an DIN V 18599) bietet eine gute Möglichkeit, Anlagenkonzepte inklusive deren Betriebsführungsstrategie zu bewerten. Damit ist es möglich, eine auf das Gebäude angepasste Betriebsführungsstrategie für die Bauteilaktivierung zu finden und einheitlich zu bewerten.
Einfluss räumlich streuender Materialeigenschaften auf die Zuverlässigkeit schlanker UHPC‐Druckglieder
Authors: Grziwa Ulf , Proske Tilo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn der Vergangenheit durchgeführte Untersuchungen an schlanken UHPC‐Stützen mit homogenen Materialeigenschaften führten zu dem Ergebnis, dass das normativ geforderte Zuverlässigkeitsniveau für bestimmte Schlankheitswerte scheinbar unterschritten wird. Eine wirklichkeitsnahe Abbildung des Tragverhaltens derartiger Bauteile erfordert jedoch insbesondere die Berücksichtigung der Materialinhomogenität. Diese wird im Falle von faserbewehrten Betonen auch durch die ungleichmäßige Verteilung der beigemischten Fasern beeinflusst.Vor diesem Hintergrund wurde im Rahmen eines DFG‐Forschungsvorhabens der Einfluss räumlich streuender Materialparameter auf das Tragverhalten und die Zuverlässigkeit schlanker Druckglieder aus UHPC wissenschaftlich untersucht. Die Streuungen von traglast‐ bzw. zuverlässigkeitsbestimmenden Materialkennwerten wurden sowohl an kleinformatigen Probekörpern bestimmt als auch an Prüfkörpern ermittelt, die großformatigen UHPC‐Stützen entnommen wurden. Darüber hinaus erfolgte die Analyse der Verteilung und Ausrichtung der im Beton enthaltenen Stahlfasern mithilfe eines optoanalytischen Verfahrens. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die wesentlichen Erkenntnisse aus den Materialversuchen sowie die Ergebnisse der Traglast‐ und Zuverlässigkeitsuntersuchungen für schlanke UHPC‐Druckglieder vorgestellt.
Chloridbelastung in 60 Jahre alten Stahlbetonbauteilen bei der Verwendung von Holzwolleleichtbauplatten
Authors: Schießl Angelika , Langer Monika 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEine denkmalgeschützte Kulturstätte, die im Jahr 1957 fertiggestellt wurde, wurde baulich und energetisch saniert. Die tragenden Stahlbetonbauteile waren zum Teil mit Holzwolleleichtbauplatten verkleidet bzw. geschalt. Von Holzwolleleichtbauplatten ist bekannt, dass diese bis in die 1960er‐Jahre teilweise unter Verwendung chloridhaltiger Ausgangsmaterialien (z. B. Magnesiabinder) hergestellt wurden, von denen ein Korrosionsrisiko für die angrenzenden Stahlbetonbauteile ausgehen kann. Nach lokaler Entfernung der Holzwolleleichtbauplatten wurden deshalb Bauteiluntersuchungen an den betroffenen Stahlbetonbauteilen (Rippendecken, Unterzüge, Stützen) durchgeführt. Es wurden zum einen erhebliche Mängel in der Ausführungsqualität festgestellt (Kiesnester, Betondeckung lokal nicht vorhanden) und zum anderen Chloridgehalte im Beton bestimmt, die über dem nach Rili‐SIB 2001 definierten unteren Schwellenwert für den kritischen Chloridgehalt lagen. Bereichsweise wurden an der Bewehrung Querschnittsverluste von bis zu rd. 10 % festgestellt. Da von Seiten des Bauherrn aufgrund des Denkmalschutzes des Gebäudes eine minimalinvasive Instandsetzung gewünscht war, wurde ein individuelles Instandsetzungskonzept entwickelt, bei dem unter Beachtung der vorliegenden Randbedingungen und in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Tragwerksplaner und dem Bauphysiker die Chloride zum Teil im Bauteil belassen wurden. Dieses Vorgehen war möglich, da durch Bauteiluntersuchungen belegt wurde, dass trotz vorhandener Chloridbelastung aufgrund der trockenen Umgebungsbedingungen im Innenbereich des Bauwerks nach anfänglicher Korrosionsinitiierung kein weiterer nennenswerter Korrosionsfortschritt stattfindet.
Meaningful stories and attitudes toward the brand: The moderating role of consumers' implicit mindsets
Authors: Carnevale Marina , Yucel‐Aybat Ozge , Kachersky Luke 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAlthough the current trend is for marketers to focus on consumer happiness, in this research, we suggest that meaningful (vs. happy) stories can elicit more positive brand attitudes. Across two studies, we show that some consumer segments hold a more positive attitude toward the brand when the stories shared by the brand are meaningful, rather than happy––that is, when they are characterized by a sense of purpose and a mixed affective component. Particularly, this effect holds for individuals with a growth mindset. These consumers believe in the changeability of the world and, therefore, are more adept at accepting negative emotions in positive pursuits entailed in meaningful, but not happy, stories.
Theory‐Based Extension of the Catalyst Scope in the Base‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Ketones: RCOOH‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbonyl Compounds with H2 Involving a Proton Shuttle
Authors: Heshmat Mojgan , Privalov Timofei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs an extension of the reaction mechanism describing the base‐catalyzed hydrogenation of ketones according to Berkessel et al., we use a standard methodology for transition‐state (TS) calculations in order to check the possibility of heterolytic cleavage of H2 at the ketone's carbonyl carbon atom, yielding one‐step hydrogenation path with involvement of carboxylic acid as a catalyst. As an extension of the catalyst scope in the base‐catalyzed hydrogenation of ketones, our mechanism involves a molecule with a labile proton and a Lewis basic oxygen atom as a catalyst—for example, R−C(=O)OH carboxylic acids—so that the heterolytic cleavage of H2 could take place between the Lewis basic oxygen atom of a carboxylic acid and the electrophilic (Lewis acidic) carbonyl carbon of a ketone/aldehyde. According to our TS calculations, protonation of a ketone/aldehyde by a proton shuttle (hydrogen bond) facilitates the hydride‐type attack on the ketone's carbonyl carbon atom in the process of the heterolytic cleavage of H2. Ketones with electron‐rich and electron‐withdrawing substituents in combination with a few carboxylic and amino acids—in total, 41 substrate–catalyst couples—have been computationally evaluated in this article and the calculated reaction barriers are encouragingly moderate for many of the considered substrate–catalyst couples.