bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Judicial Review And Judicial Supremacy: A Paradigm of Constitutionalism in Nigeria
Authors: Shehu Ajepe Taiwo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper examines judicial review and judicial power in Nigeria under the 1999 Constitution in relation to the constitution itself and in relation to the political branches of government. Th is is essentially to locate where lays supremacy between the branches and the judiciary particularly the Supreme Court with its final appellate jurisdiction. Judicial review and supremacy of the judiciary had been of recurring academic discuss in some jurisdictions with written Constitutions, particularly the United States from where Nigeria largely borrowed its presidential constitutionalism. This thus suggests that there is a need to examine the controversy within the context of Nigeria’s experience; is it really in the Constitution that creates branches of the government and that is proclaimed to be supreme over all authorities including the judiciary? Is it in the judiciary whose oversight function cuts across the political branches and whose interpretative decisions are binding on the constitution itself and the other branches? Is it in the executive that appoints and removes Justices of the court subject to confirmation by the Senate, or is it in the legislature? The paper argues that the overriding effect of the judicial power of the Supreme Court over all persons and authorities including the Constitution puts the judiciary in supreme position, that being the natural consequence of the power so vested in the judiciary by the “People Themselves.”
Die Us-Amerikanische Class Action: Struktur und Rechtsökonomischer Hintergrund
Authors: Tamm Marina 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The article is dealing with the new German legal regulation concerning so called securities class actions. Th e author sees the new possibilites to bind together claims which arose from false information in capital market as a followor of the US class actions, therefore the article explains with the aim to simplify the intepretation of the new German legal rules the current American legal regulation of class actions. Th is means it analyses mainly the article 23 of the Federal Rules of Civil Prodecure and brings opinions of the author whether its particularities may function in Germany or not.
Consumer Bankruptcy in Poland
Authors: Adamus Rafał 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Th e article analysis the legal aspects of the problem of consumer bankruptcy within the Polish legal system. It covers the substantive and also procedural aspects of this legal instrument. Author describes the requirements and conditions for the consumer bankruptcy, scope and effects of this form of bankruptcy. Moreover he deals with the procedural aspects of the declaration of the personal consumer bankruptcy and discusses the practice of use of this institution in Poland.
Lipschitz continuity of the Fréchet gradient in an inverse coefficient problem for a parabolic equation with Dirichlet measured output
Authors: Hasanov Alemdar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper studies the Lipschitz continuity of the Fréchet gradient of the Tikhonov functional

J
⁢

(
k
)

:=

(

1
/
2

)

⁢

∥

u
⁢

(
0
,
⋅
;
k
)

-
f

∥

L
2

⁢

(
0
,
T
)

2

{J(k):=(1/2)\lVert u(0,\cdot\,;k)-f\rVert^{2}_{L^{2}(0,T)}}

corresponding to an inverse coefficient problem for the

1
⁢
D

{1D}

parabolic equation

u
t

=

(

k
⁢

(
x
)

⁢

u
x

)

x

{u_{t}=(k(x)u_{x})_{x}}

with the Neumann boundary conditions

-

k
⁢

(
0
)

⁢

u
x

⁢

(
0
,
t
)

=

g
⁢

(
t
)

{-k(0)u_{x}(0,t)=g(t)}

and

u
x

⁢

(
l
,
t
)

=
0

{u_{x}(l,t)=0}

. In addition, compactness and Lipschitz continuity of the input-output operator

Φ

[
k
]

:=
u

(
x
,
t
;
k
)

|

x
=

0
+

,
Φ

[
⋅
]

:
𝒦
⊂

H
1

(
0
,
l
)

↦

H
1

(
0
,
T
)

,

\Phi[k]:=u(x,t;k)\lvert_{x=0^{+}},\quad\Phi[\,\cdot\,]:\mathcal{K}\subset H^{1%
}(0,l)\mapsto H^{1}(0,T),

as well as solvability of the regularized inverse problem and the Lipschitz continuity of the Fréchet gradient of the Tikhonov functional are proved. Furthermore, relationships between the sufficient conditions for the Lipschitz continuity of the Fréchet gradient and the regularity of the weak solution of the direct problem as well as the measured output

f
⁢

(
t
)

:=

u
⁢

(
0
,
t
;
k
)

{f(t):=u(0,t;k)}

are established. One of the derived lemmas also introduces a useful application of the Lipschitz continuity of the Fréchet gradient. This lemma shows that an important advantage of gradient methods comes when dealing with the functionals of class

C

1
,
1

⁢

(
𝒦
)

{C^{1,1}(\mathcal{K})}

. Specifically, this lemma asserts that if

J
∈

C

1
,
1

⁢

(
𝒦
)

{J\in C^{1,1}(\mathcal{K})}

and

{

k

(
n
)

}

⊂
𝒦

{\{k^{(n)}\}\subset\mathcal{K}}

is the sequence of iterations obtained by the Landweber iteration algorithm

k

(

n
+
1

)

=

k

(
n
)

+

ω
n

⁢

J
′

⁢

(

k

(
n
)

)

{k^{(n+1)}=k^{(n)}+\omega_{n}J^{\prime}(k^{(n)})}

, then for

ω
n

∈

(
0
,

2
/

L
g

)

{\omega_{n}\in(0,2/L_{g})}

, where

L
g

>
0

{L_{g}>0}

is the Lipschitz constant, the sequence

{

J
⁢

(

k

(
n
)

)

}

{\{J(k^{(n)})\}}

is monotonically decreasing and

lim

n
→
∞

⁡

∥

J
′

⁢

(

k

(
n
)

)

∥

=
0

{\lim_{n\to\infty}\lVert J^{\prime}(k^{(n)})\rVert=0}

.
Construction of strongly aperiodic logarithmic signatures
Authors: van Trung Tran 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to present a general construction of strongly aperiodic logarithmic signatures (SALS) for elementary abelian p-groups.
Their existence significantly extends the classes of tame logarithmic signatures which are used for the cryptosystem

MST
3

{\mathrm{MST}_{3}}

.
They have particular characteristics that do not share with the well-known classes of transversal or fused transversal logarithmic signatures, and therefore they will play a vital role for logarithmic signature based cryptosystems in practice.
In theory, the construction of SALS is interesting in its own right as well.
Who is the authority? The study of language registers and ideologies in two mother tongue classes in Copenhagen
Authors: Ghandchi Narges 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article investigates encounters between the two overall language resources – standard vs. non-standard and regional varieties – in two linguistic minority communities in Denmark. Concentrating on Turkish and Farsi mother tongue classes, the study departs from two interviews with the parents of mother tongue students. Additional ethnographic evidence from the respective mother tongue classes show when and how the two overall varieties of the respective languages are reacted to and valorized among the study participants. Two main issues are explored in this context: first, language ideological paradigms of dominance – anonymity and authenticity – and, second, the extension and expansion of language users’ ideologies regarding registers of language. The article concludes that during the encounters and discussions concerning ideological views supporting either of the overall language resources, a form for authority exists and becomes oriented to in line with the history of language policy of the countries of origin.
Parents as stakeholders: Language management in urban Galician homes
Authors: Nandi Anik 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMacro-level policy makers, perceived as stakeholders of language management, employ a range of language policy strategies to legitimise hegemonic control over meso- (i.e. family) and micro- (i.e. individual) level language ideologies (Cassels-Johnson 2013). However, language policies of an individual are often difficult to detect because they are implicit, subtle, informal, and often hidden from the public eye, and therefore frequently overlooked by language policy researchers and policy makers. The primary focus of this study is to investigate how individual, as well as collective linguistic practices of Galician parents act as language governmentality (Foucault 1991) measures influencing their children’s language learning. Drawing from multiple ethnographic research tools, including observations, in-depth fieldwork interviews and focus group discussions with parents, this paper demonstrates that in Galicia’s language shift-induced shrinking Galician-speaker pool, pro-Galician parents can play an important role in the language revitalisation process. The goal is also to ascertain whether these parents’ grassroots level interrogation of the dominant Castilian discourse takes the form of bottom-up language policies.
Quantum macroscopic nature of cat-like states
Authors: Carlisle Andrew 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe investigate the macroscopic quantumness of a set of stateswell approximating the important class of coherent state-encoded Schrödinger cat states. We do so by using two different quantifiers of macroscopic quantumness, finding consistency between the results arising from the two quantifiers, despite the different grounds upon which they are built.
Chemoprevention in Patients with Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: Lessons Learned
Authors: de Brabander Justin , Eskens Ferry A.L.M. , Korsse Susanne E. , Dekker Evelien , Dewint Pieter , van Leerdam Monique E. , van Eeden Susanne , Klümpen Heinz-Josef 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Lessons Learned
Motivating patients to enroll in chemopreventive studies is challenging. Chemoprevention with toxic drugs is not feasible.

Background
LKB1 mutations are the underlying genetic abnormality causing Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) and are a potential target for everolimus. In this phase II study, the efficacy of everolimus on polyp and tumor growth in PJS patients was investigated.

Methods
Adult patients with a proven LKB1 mutation and who were suitable for everolimus treatment were included in two different PJS cohorts: (a) patients with unresectable malignancies and (b) patients with high-risk polyps. Treatment in both groups was oral everolimus, 10 mg daily. Response rates were primary endpoints for both cohorts.

Results
Between October 2011 and April 2016, only two patients were enrolled, one in each cohort. A 49-year-old patient with advanced pancreatic cancer in cohort 1 was progressive after 2 months. A 52-year-old male patient in cohort 2 experienced severe toxicity and refused treatment after 4 months, even though endoscopy suggested stabilization of polyps. Adverse events included dental inflammations, mucositis, and rash. In 2016, the trial was aborted for lack of accrual, despite extensive accrual efforts in an area where PJS is highly prevalent and care is highly centralized.

Conclusion
Due to accrual problems, no conclusions can be drawn about the value of everolimus in PJS treatment, questioning the feasibility of this agent for chemoprevention.
Johannes Althusius' Grand Federalism, the Role of the Ephors and Post-Statist Constitutionalism
Authors: Malan Koos J 
Published: January 2018

This article discusses the primary structures Johannes Althusius’ constitutionalism, as explained in his Politica: Politics Methodically Set Forth and Illustrated with Sacred and Profane Examples published in 1603. The first of these structures and the theme that Althusius is most famous for, is his scheme of grand republican federalism. The second is the public office of the ephors. The discussion is not primarily historical, however. The main aim, instead, is to assess the potential relevance of Althusius’ thinking for present-day constitutionalism. After centuries of at best scant relevance owing to the dominance of the statist paradigm in constitutional doctrine and practice, the decline of this paradigm is now creating considerable new interest in Althusius’ thinking.
The discussion starts off with a concise account of the statist paradigm, which was at its advent in Althusius’ days. Thereafter follows an exposition of his federalism which consists of a set of associations, beginning with the closest-knit association, namely the family, spiralling out into the most encompassing association, which is the commonwealth or realm, with collegia, cities and provinces in between. The office of the supreme magistrate is dealt with under this heading. This discussion also focusses pertinently on the question of sovereignty, which in Althusian conceptualisation was a diffuse popular sovereignty in contrast to that of his statist opponents, more specifically Jean Bodin, and in posterity, Thomas Hobbes.
Then follows an assessment of the public office of the (council of the) ephors, which assists the supreme magistrate in executing his responsibilities in accordance with the law and the covenant between the commonwealth and the magistrate and serves a as counterbalance of authority and power against the sovereign.
Against this backdrop Althusius’ constitutional thinking is evaluated. First, his constitutionalism is placed in historical context in contrast to (1) classical polis-based thought; (2) medieval imperial thinking and (3) modern statist constitutionalism. Secondly, Althusius’ communitarian anthropology, which is in part the basis for his federalism, and which constitutes an anticipatory response to liberal individualism is assessed. Lastly it is argued that Althusius’ federalism provides a valuable source for improving on the state-departmentalisation of power separation and checks and balances, currently still sway in terms of the statist paradigm.
Efecto de una unidad didáctica basada en juegos competitivos en la motivación, necesidades psicológicas básicas y disfrute en alumnado de Educación Primaria
Authors: Navarro Patón Rubén , Cons Ferreiro Miguel , Eirín Nemiña Raúl 
Published: January 2018

El propósito de este trabajo fue analizar los efectos de una unidad didáctica de juegos competitivos basados en el atletismo sobre la motivación autodeterminada, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el disfrute en escolares de 5º y 6º de Educación Primaria dentro de las clases de educación física. Se empleó un diseño cuasi-experimental pre-post test con un grupo de control. Los participantes fueron 98 escolares (10.40 ± .50 años) de Lugo (España). El grupo control y el experimental estuvieron constituidos por 46 y 52 alumnos respectivamente. Para medir motivación, necesidades psicológicas básicas y disfrute se utilizó un cuestionario ad hoc utilizado en otras investigaciones. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en el post-test si se compara de manera global el grupo control y el experimental en la variable motivación intrínseca (p = .032), competencia percibida (p = .001) y relación con los demás (p = .011). Por todo ello, podemos concluir que la unidad didáctica basada en los juegos competitivos en las clases de Educación Física provocó mejoras significativas en las diferentes dimensiones, respecto a los que no participaron, obteniéndose unas puntuaciones superiores en los niños sobre las niñas.
Bartoneliasis. Fiebre Verrucosa del Guáitara
Authors: Patiño-Camargo Luis 
Published: January 2018

El Ministerio de Higiene preocupado por la alarmante presencia de fiebres mortales en el sur del país desde 1936, comisionó en 1939 al doctor Luis Patiño Camargo para investigar dicho brote en el departamento de Nariño. Miles de casos de fiebre con crecimientos verrugosos se presentaron en habitantes de poblados en los valles de los afluentes del rio Patía, como en El Guáitara, lo que condujo la pesquisa a un paciente de Sandoná, en quien el 18 de enero se identificó Bartonella en sangre como el posible agente causal. En 1951 el doctor Patiño publicó un artículo de revisión con sus hallazgos y de otros investigadores colombianos sobre los trabajos en bartoneliasis o verruga peruana en Colombia. En el artículo describió desde los antecedentes históricos en los pueblos Incas y la concepción mágico-religiosa de la enfermedad, hasta llegar a la descripción geo-demográfica de las regiones afectadas, y al análisis de su epidemiologia y mortalidad. El doctor Patiño continuó con la descripción de la sintomatología desde su etapa aguda, hemática generalizada o septicemia del mal, hasta el periodo verrucomatoso o fase histiode, en donde señalaba que “la erupción (verruga) es la resultante del esfuerzo del retículo endotelio en encarcelar el virus y destruirlo”; esta fase mostrada mediante fotos de niños y adultos con lesiones verrugosas. El diagnóstico por laboratorio lo ilustró con imágenes de extendido de sangre con Bartonella, y fotos de modelos de inoculación en primates y curíes. En el texto discutió su patogénesis con ejemplos de estudios histológicos de paciente y primates, estos últimos infectados con tejidos verrugosos o con extractos de insectos como Phlebotomus y piojos, posibles vectores de la enfermedad. Finalmente, el doctor Patiño, anotó las recomendaciones al Estado para la mejora de las condiciones de vida en la región. John M. González MD, PhDMiembro CorrespondienteCon la colaboración del doctor José Félix Patiño Restrepo
Contribución al estudio y conocimiento de las aves rapaces de Colombia
Authors: Lehmann Valencia Federico Carlos 
Published: January 2018

Este artículo, escrito al final de los años 30, presenta la clasificación taxonómica de las aves pertenecientes al “orden Raptores” y señala las características de las principales especies conocidas hasta ese momento. El trabajo incluye una descripción de los caracteres morfológicos externos e internos que distinguen a este grupo, compara estas características con aves relativamente cercanas y separa los grupos conocidos hasta la época como sigue: Cathartiformes (buitres, rapaces carroñeros), Falconiformes (rapaces predadores) y Strigiformes (búhos y lechuzas). Presenta, igualmente, una amplia descripción de su distribución geográfica proporciona detalles de sus hábitos de vida, describe la ecología y la historia natural, resultantes la mayoría de ellas, de sus observaciones como naturalista. Presenta opiniones que confirman la utilidad de estas especies para confrontar la idea existente, en ese momento, estas aves eran animales peligrosos y perjudiciales para el ser humano.Si bien el libro está titulado como “Las aves rapaces”, el artículo publicado en el volumen 3 número 12, se concentra en los Cathartiformes. Además de las características generales, se presentan las principales especies con su nombre científico, los nombres comunes, las características taxonómicas con inclusión, en varios casos, de diferencias entre machos y hembras. Además, se presentan anotaciones sobre nidos y huevos, distribución geográfica y comportamiento de las especies más representativas incluyendo especies emblemáticas como el cóndor, el rey de los gallinazos, así como aquellas que son tan comunes como las gualas y los gallinazos. El libro incluye láminas correspondientes a dibujos de muy alta calidad que han servido de referencia para la mayoría de los trabajos de identificación y de listados de aves existentes en muchas regiones del país. Por la importancia del ornitólogo Carlos Lehmann y su obra sobre las aves y la importancia de su conservación en Colombia, la cual se ve reflejada en libros, artículos científicos y videos de divulgación, por lo que este artículo es considerado como uno de los clásicos publicados en la revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Jaime Ricardo Cantera Kintz, Ph. D.Miembro de Número
Introducción a la historia de la ornitología colombiana
Authors: Olivares, O.F.M. Antonio 
Published: January 2018

Es mucho lo que ha cambiado la ornitología en Colombia desde la época en que el padre Antonio Olivares escribió su Introducción a la historia de la ornitología colombiana. Sin embargo, resulta sobresaliente que, desde la dedicatoria “A la memoria del gran ornitólogo William H. Phelps”, el autor nos transporta al momento histórico de su obra; un momento que preparó la formulación del quehacer ornitológico colombiano actual. En esta clásica entrega, Olivares presenta una majestuosa recopilación cronológica de los eventos ornitológicos más importantes hasta ese momento. Además, muestra la perspectiva de los ornitólogos que habían recorrido o estudiado la avifauna colombiana. Culmina su entrega discutiendo su punto de vista sobre el manejo y uso de la avifauna colombiana en la economía del país, la que se encuentra presente en varias de sus obras, así como también da un llamado a la profundización en trabajos iniciados sobre ecología, parasitología, virología, genética, fisiología, paleontología e implicaciones en conservación de aves colombianas. De manera elocuente, Olivares transporta al lector a través de los trabajos sistemáticos que incluyen la vasta diversidad de aves de Colombia.Olivares no solo comenta la historia de la ornitología colombiana, sino que también resalta las contribuciones importantes que las revistas nacionales hicieran a las ciencias naturales en Colombia. De la mano con revistas internacionales específicas como “The Condor” o “Fieldiana Zoology”, las revistas nacionales “Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales”, “Caldasia”, “Lozania” o “Novedades Colombianas” fueron el cimiento de la ahora conocida explosión en investigación ornitológica colombiana de mediados del siglo XX. Dicho legado se refleja hoy en día en la consolidación de cátedras específicas de ornitología, asociaciones regionales, así como en la fundación de la Asociación Colombiana de Ornitología, la que desde 2003 presenta su propia revista científica “Ornitología Colombiana”, de la cual, sin duda alguna, Antonio Olivares se sentiría orgulloso.Orlando Acevedo-Charry, M ScAsociación Colombiana de Ornitología y Grupo de Ornitología dela Universidad Nacional - GOUN
O SENTIDO DO DEVIR NA CRIAÇÃO ARTÍSTICA DE PABLO PICASSO: REFLEXÕES PARA A EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Abreu-Bernardes Sueli Teresinha , Bernardes Leonora De Abreu 
Published: January 2018

Sob um olhar fenomenológico, expressam-se reflexões em torno da obra de Pablo Picasso. A partir da observação do constante vir-a-ser da criação artística do mestre espanhol, infere-se que permanece uma unidade: o retratar da condição humana. O exercício do pensamento é realizado na perspectiva teórica da fenomenologia bachelardiana ao pensar a arte e, igualmente, a educação. Palavras-chave – Arte. Pablo Picasso. Fenomenologia bachelardiana. Educação.
A PESQUISA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES: POSSIBILIDADES E LIMITES
Authors: Mendes Katia Mosconi 
Published: January 2018

O presente artigo apresenta uma pesquisa que teve como objeto de estudo a formação continuada dos professores da educação infantil e séries iniciais do ensino fundamental da Rede Municipal de Ensino de Curitiba, que acontece no Projeto Escola & Universidade, uma parceria entre universidade e escola voltada a formação continuada de professores. Os resultados do estudo desenvolvido apontam que a formação continuada ainda está distante de ser um processo contínuo, em que o professor esteja envolvido não só como expectador, mas como protagonista de um processo de estudos e produção de conhecimentos em educação. Desvela-se a partir dos depoimentos dos participantes da pesquisa que o Projeto Escola e Universidade, dadas as circunstâncias em que se desenvolve, não supera a racionalidade técnica na orientação da ação docente e mantém a prática docente na perspectiva de reprodutora do conhecimento. A promessa da pesquisa na escola, com apoio da universidade, não avança para além de descrever de forma restrita os problemas da prática pedagógica. A escola como lócus de formação continuada e o cotidiano pedagógico como oportunidade para o desenvolvimento de pesquisa pelo professor significa transitar entre um sistema que insiste manter o ensino com base na reprodução do conhecimento e menos na possibilidade da produção de conhecimento. Palavras-chave: Escola e Universidade; formação continuada de professores; prática do professor; pesquisa na formação do professor.