bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Working alliance and its relationship with treatment outcome
Authors: Cardoso A. , Aguiar P. , Byrne M. , Xavier M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionThe therapeutic alliance might be the most important part of beginning clinical relationship and may have an important impact in treatment adherence. In fact, many studies indicate that the therapeutic alliance is the best predictor of treatment outcome.ObjectivesTo assess clinical skills and attitudes in mental health professionals(MHP).AimsThis study explore the impact of clinical skills and socio-demographic factors related MHP may have on treatment adherence of patients with mental health disorders (MHD).MethodsIn this cross sectional study, we use a convenience sample of MHP working in the mental health departments of three general hospitals in Lisbon great area. Data is being collected through individual interviews. We used a optimism scale (ETOS), Medication Alliance Beliefs Questionnaire (MABQ), and socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire.ResultsA convenience sample composed of sixty-five mental health clinician working in a variety of settings is being collected. We don’t found statistically significant differences between the therapeutic optimism and the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of MHP. The average values of optimism found in MHP with additional training in skills training it was higher (t test = 1,64). The results demonstrate that the most of clinicians (n = 42; agree 64,6%; strongly agree, n = 19; 29,2%) believe that have the capacity to positively influence outcomes for people with mental disorders.ConclusionThis topic, along with a detailed examination of the relationship between therapeutic alliance and treatment adherence, will be the subject of future research projects.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Antipsychotic prescribing patterns in outpatients with severe mental illness
Authors: Kizilay Cankaya P. , Tiryaki A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPrescribing more than one antipsychotic at the same time is becoming common in the treatment of patients with severe mental illness (SMI), although most guidelines recommend monotherapy.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy and to compare the practices of polypharmacy and monotheraphy in terms of the rationale and compatibility of the treatment.MethodsThis study included 235 patients with SMI between 18 and 65 years of age who were followed at KTU Psychiatry Department Schizophrenia-Bipolar Disorder outpatient clinic between January 2007 and December 2014. The sociodemographic and clinical data were evaluated by a chart review form which was prepared by the researcher and designed according to American Psychiatric Association treatment algorithm and National Associated Mental Health Program Directors polypharmacy classification.Results138 patients (58.7%) were diagnosed with schizophrenia, 75 patients (31.9%) were diagnosed with bipolar disorder and 22 patients (9.4%) were diagnosed with schizoaffective disorder. 62 patients (26.4%) were receiving antipsychotic polypharmacy. Combinations of two second-generation antipsychotics were most common. Anticholinergic drug use was significantly more common in patients on antipsychotic polypharmacy. Reported adverse events were more common in patients on polypharmacy but did not reach the level of statistical significance. Patients on antipsychotic polypharmacy were more likely to be diagnosed with schizophrenia. Polypharmacy patients were also more likely to receive clozapine and amisulpride whereas monotherapy patients were more likely to receive olanzapine.ConclusionOur results confirm previous reports that indicate patients with SMI are most likely to receive antipsychotic polypharmacy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Four years follow-up in a naturalistic study of adults with ADHD treated with atomoxetine
Authors: Richarte Fernández V. , Corrales de la Cruz M. , Ibáñez Jiménez P. , Corominas Rosso M. , Vidal Estrada R. , Fadeuilhe Grau C. , Palma-Álvarez R.F. , Casas Brugué M. , Ramos-Quiroga J.A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAttention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a psychiatric chronic disorder of childhood that persists into adolescence and adulthood in the most part of cases. There are various ways of treating ADHD.ObjectivesAssess the effectiveness and tolerability of atomoxetine long-term and routine clinical practice in adult ADHD treatment. Study the clinical profile of the patients who take atomoxetine.AimsThe aim of this is to study the treatment of ADHD in adults with a non-stimulant drug atomoxetine.MethodsWe obtain results from 126 patients recruited from July 2009 to May 2013 who have been prescribed Atomoxetine as a treatment for ADHD from the hospital pharmacy.ResultsComorbid disorders were presented in 57.1% of the patients included at the study (25.3% of which belong to the group of anxiety disorders). The use of other psychotropic drugs associated with atomoxetine was observed in 54.8% of patients. The 62.7% of the patients concerned continued treatment beyond 225 weeks (4 years 3 months) of observation. The Clinical Global Impression Improvement scale (CGI-I) and side effects determine monitoring treatment. A total of 61.9% of patients responded satisfactory to treatment with atomoxetine getting the CGI-I scale a score of 1-2. The duration of therapy and patient age are factors that influence the response. Furthermore, the clinical profile of patients treated with atomoxetine is characterized by different comorbidities, anxious symptomatology and personality disorders. Atomoxetine treatment with has also been shown its effectiveness and safe despite the presence of concomitant comorbidities and psychopharmacological treatment.ConclusionAtomoxetine treatment with has been effective and has proven good tolerability profile during treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Chronic rhinosinusitis and mood disturbance
Authors: Erskine S.E. , Beezhold J. , Clark A. , Philpott C.M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionChronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a condition of inflammation of the nose and paranasal sinuses affecting 6.8 million Britons. It has a great impact on quality of life and productivity. CRS is currently subdivided into two main types – with and without nasal polyps (CRSwNPs and CRSsNPs respectively. Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is severe subtype of CRSwNPs.ObjectivesThis study is part of the Chronic Rhinosinusitis Epidemiology Study (CRES). The overarching aim is to determine factors influencing onset and severity of CRS.AimsTo determine whether those with CRS are more likely to report mood disturbance compared with healthy controls.MethodsCRES is study-specific questionnaire asking about demographic and socioeconomic factors and past medical history as well as a nasal symptom score (SNOT-22) and SF-36 (QoL – quality of life tool). Questionnaires were distributed to patients with CRS attending ENT outpatient clinics at 30 centres across the United Kingdom from 2007–2013.ResultsA total of 1470 participants were recruited (Table 1). Differences between those with CRS and controls were found; those with CRSsNPs reported significantly more consultations with their GP for depression and anxiety. Patients with CRS also showed significantly poorer mental well-being than controls across the mental health and emotional well-being domains of the QoL tools used. Those with CRSsNPs scored significantly worse than those with nasal polyps across all domains.ConclusionsMood disturbance is significantly more common in patients with CRS compared to healthy controls, especially in those with CRSsNPs. This added mental health morbidity needs consideration when managing such patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Impact on personal growth and environment conservation self-perception in a volunteering program with adults with severe mental illness (SMI)
Authors: Cabezas Sánchez D. , Ramírez Macías A. , Sáiz Galdós J. 
Published: May 2016

Introduction“Viaje del Parnaso” is a volunteering project developed at the Day Center Aranjuez2 (CD2) for helping adults with SMI to get a satisfactory and responsible occupation through their implication in a volunteering work in the community, while involved in the maintenance of a green area in the city of Aranjuez.Objectives/aimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the project on the volunteers’ lives in terms of personal growth and environment conservation and compare its results with non-volunteers also attended at the CD2.MethodsThe project was carried once a week during 45 weeks. 11 volunteers participated on the project, plus 5 non-volunteers were considered as cuasi-control group. The instruments applied were an item on “environment conservation” and 2 subscale items of “Personal Growth” from the Ryff Scales of psychological well-being. Measures were applied at baseline, 6 and 12 months after.ResultsSignificant differences were found on the environment conservation item between volunteers at baseline and 6 months after (P < 0.05). Results also revealed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between volunteers and non-volunteers at both variables (“environment conservation” and “Personal Growth”) in baseline and 6 months after treatment.ConclusionsThe data from this study suggest that a volunteering program seems to be an effective intervention for bringing about improvements in well-being of people with SMI, and also for increasing their environmental awareness. These improvements may also help to change the stigma of SMI reinforcing mental health patient's contributions to society.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The agitated patient; need for mechanical restraint and prevention measures in relation to psychiatric diagnosis
Authors: Dinamarca F. , Galindo L. , Grifell M. , Perez E. , Chavarria V. , Salgado P. , Perez S. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPsychomotor agitation is a common psychiatric emergency in our environment that can occur in a wide clinical spectrum. Both the agitation itself as the procedures for their control, carry an implicit risk to patient safety and health workers.ObjectiveTo describe the prevention measures used in patients requiring mechanical restraint in relation to diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.Material and methodsThis is a naturalistic descriptive study. Mechanical restraints made in brief psychiatric hospitalization units of “Hospital del Mar” between January of 2013 to March of 2015, were analyzed by diagnosis. Proportions of the prevention intervention performed by nurses in each episode were compared. The groups of prevention interventions done were: “verbal approach”, “environmental measures”, “psychopharmacological intervention”, “observation increase” and “inability for applying any measure because unpredictability”.ResultsA total of 2986 mechanical restraints were done in brief hospitalization units. Among the results, we find that verbal approach measure was use in 77.23% of patient with personality disorders. Environmental measures were used in 40% of the total of restraints. The most of psychopharmacological intervention was done in alcohol intoxication (50%) and then in psychotic spectrum (42.01%). The inability for applying measures was greater in alcohol intoxication (45.4%).ConclusionSome of the results of this study are interesting and consistent with clinical practice (for example, effectivity of pharmacological intervention in psychosis and bipolar disorders, as well verbal approach in anxiety, etc.), we can predict the usefulness of measures applied to prevent a mechanical restraint. Further research is needed in this topic.Disclosure of interestL. Galindo is a Rio-Hortega-fellowship – (ISC-III; CM14/00111).
Kynurenine pathway metabolites and suicide attempters among psychiatric inpatients: Preliminary results
Authors: Pompili M. , Erbuto D. , Forte A. , Montebovi F. , Lionetto L. , Girardi P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIncreased concentrations of kynurenine (KYN) pathway metabolites have been associated to several groups of psychiatric disorders. As for suicide risk literature is still inconclusive due to the limited evidence.Objectivesto test the hypothesis of Increased concentrations of kynurenine as related to suicide attempter.AimsWe aim to investigate the association between kynurenine pathway metabolites blood levels and suicidal behaviour, in affective disorder patients, in order to explore if kynurenine pathway metabolites could be potential diagnostic biomarkers.SampleWe enrolled a sample of affective disorder patients and perform detailed diagnoses, as well as detailed assessment of suicidal behaviour using validated questionnaires. We also aim to follow-up individuals included in the current study.MethodsPlasma KYN was assayed by high performance liquid chromatography in three groups: healthy volunteers (n = 90), patients with mood disorders with a recent suicide attempt (n = 44) and without (n = 44) history of suicide attempt. Analysis of variance tested for group differences in KYN levels. Each was evaluated with psychometric scales. Patients were sampled for 10 cc of venous blood for assay. The preparation of blood samples and assay was processed by a specialist using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).ResultsPreliminary results will be presented as to shed light if KYN levels differed across groups. According to preliminary calculations we expect that KYN is higher in suicide attempters compared with non-attempters, who did not differ from healthy volunteers.ConclusionsOur work-in-progress study suggests that KYN and related molecular pathways may be implicated in the precipitation of suicidal behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Study of the sexual dysfunction secondary to antidepressants in animal models
Authors: Santana Hernández Y. , Redondo Vega M.V. , Zamora Gracia E. , Montejo Gonzalez A.L. , Blázquez Arroyo J.L. , Llorca Ramón G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSexual dysfunction is a very important problem in western countries. One of the causes is the treatment with antidepressants; most of the currently available produce sexual dysfunction in men and women (lower libido, anorgasmia, etc.).ObjectiveComparing the nervous system of the animals we expect to find differences to explain the biological substratum of the sexual dysfunction that produce the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors.MethodTwenty Wistar rats; approximate weight 150 g. It is divided into 4 groups: 2 experimental (paroxetine and agomelatina mouth) and 2 controls. There is a daily conduct. Weighing at the beginning of the study, 14 and 28 days. Is performed sacrifice by decapitation, is extracted from the brain and after fixing paraffin cuts are carried out for their subsequent staining (immunohistochemistry) with their corresponding murine antibody and viewing through optical microscope.ResultsLower immunoreactivity with the antibody anti-TH in the animals treated with paroxetine, at all levels of the dopaminergic activity (tracks mesolimbica, cortical circuit, nigrostriatal pathway and tubero-infundibular). This decrease is reaffirmed after the statistical treatment of data.ConclusionsTreatment with paroxetine in animal models causes a depletion of the dopaminergic system that can be one of the biological bases of sexual dysfunction, altering the reward mechanisms as well as producing hyperprolactinemia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Protective effect of curcumin on diazepam-induced behavioral changes and oxidative stress in rats
Authors: Sevastre-Berghian A. , Făgărăşăn V. , Decea N. , Moldovan R. , Sevastre B. , Tăulescu M. , Filip A.G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionCurcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic compound, extracted from Curcuma longa, is known for its neuroprotective, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.ObjectivesTo evaluate the effect of CUR on ambulatory activity, spatial working memory and on oxidative stress in rats induced by Diazepam (DZP) administration.AimsTo analyze whether CUR may improve the cognitive performance and offer systemic protection from oxidative stress.MethodsThe effect of CUR on DZP-induced memory impairment and oxidative stress was studied on Wistar rats. Group I received a vehicle, group II – vehicle and CUR, group III – vehicle and DZP, group IV – vehicle, CUR and DZP. CUR (150 mg/kg bw) and vehicle were orally administered for five weeks long. DZP (2 mg/kg bw) was administered i.p. 20 minutes before the behavioral tests. Behavioral tests, i.e. Open Field and Y Maze Test, were performed. Malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio were determined in the serum and brain tissue homogenate. Hippocampal sections were histologically assessed. The data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA, followed by Dunns post-test.ResultsDZP decreased (P < 0.01) the number of spontaneous alternations, as compared to control group, thus suggesting an impairment of spatial working memory. Behavioral tests revealed no enhancing effect of CUR on spontaneous alternation behaviors in Y Maze. CUR reversed (P < 0.01) the inhibitory effect of diazepam (P < 0.05) on the ambulatory activity in OFT and decreased the lipid peroxidation in the serum (P < 0.05).ConclusionsThe results show that CUR may offer systemic protection from oxidative stress, thus improving the cognitive performance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Sexual well-being among a cross-national sample of older adults
Authors: von Humboldt S. , Leal I. , Monteiro A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionSexual well-being (SWB) has been an ignored dimension that may contribute to successful aging.ObjectivesTo analyze SWB in older adults’ perspective, to investigate the latent constructs that can work as major determinants in SWB and to examine the potential explanatory mechanisms of a SWB overall model, in an older cross-national sample.MethodsMeasures were completed, using a variety of appropriate methods, including demographics and interviews. Complete data were available for 163 older adults aged between 65–97 years (M = 74.2; SD = 4.743). Data were subjected to content analysis. Representation of the associations and latent constructs were analyzed by a multiple correspondence analysis (MCA).ResultsThe most prevalent response of the interviewed participants for SWB was ‘affection and care’ (11.0%). A three-dimension model formed by ‘intimacy and well-being’, ‘care, eroticism and desire’, and ‘sexual activity and health’ was presented as a best-fit solution for German older adults. SWB for Portuguese older adults were explained by a three-factor model: ‘intimacy, health and desire’, ‘affection and well-being’ and ‘sexual activity’.ConclusionsThe outcomes presented in this paper emphasized the need to explore the indicators of SWB among older adults and the under-developed potential of a SWB overall model for the older population.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
What predicts adjustment to aging among older women in breast cancer remission? The influence of subjective well-being, sense of coherence, and socio-demographic, lifestyle and health-related factors
Authors: von Humboldt S. , Leal I. , Carneiro F. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesTo build a structural model to explore the predictors of adjustment to aging (AtA) reported by older women in breast cancer remission.MethodsOlder women in breast cancer remission (n = 214) aged between 75 and 94 years participated in this study. A questionnaire to determine socio-demographic (age, income, professional and marital status, education, household, living setting and self-reported spirituality), lifestyle and health-related characteristics (physical activity, leisure, perceived health, recent disease and medication), and measures to assess AtA, sense of coherence and subjective well-being, were employed. Structural equation modeling was used to explore a structural model of the self-reported AtA, encompassing all variables.ResultsPreliminary results indicated that self-reported spirituality (β = .397; P < .001), leisure (β = .383; P < .001), physical activity (β = .267; P < .001), perceived health (β = .211; P < .001), marital status (β = .173; P < .001), professional status (β = .156; P = .009), sense of coherence (β = .138; P < .001), and living setting (β = .129; P = .007), predicted AtA. The variables accounted for 79.2% of the variability of AtA.ConclusionSelf-reported spirituality and leisure were the strongest predictors of AtA. Our preliminary findings suggest that health care interventions with older women in breast cancer remission still living in the community may benefit from clearly including predictors of AtA, as these are essential for promoting older women’ s aging well.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Analysing correlates for the younger-old and the oldest-old: Adjustment to aging
Authors: von Humboldt S. , Leal I. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDiverse factors may predict the adjustment to aging (AtA) of the younger-old and oldest-old adults’.ObjectivesTo build a structural model for exploring whether socio-demographic, health and lifestyle-related variables are predictors of AtA for both groups.MethodsResearch encompassed a community-dwelling sample, of 447 older adults aged 75 years and above (M = 86.27; SD = 6.78; range 75–100). Measures included demographics (sex, marital status, education, household, adult children, family‘s annual income, and self-reported spirituality), lifestyle and health-related characteristics (perceived health, recent disease, physical activity and leisure), and the Adjustment to Aging Scale. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate a structural model of the self-reported AtA, encompassing all the above variables.ResultsSignificant predictors for the younger-old are perceived health (β = .425; P < .001), leisure (β = .324; P < .001), professional status (β = .243; P < .001). Significant predictors for the oldest-old are self-reported spirituality (β = .816; P < .001), perceived health (β = .232; P < .001), and income (β = .233; P = .035). The variables explained respectively 64.5% and 61.6% of the variability of AtA, respectively.ConclusionsPerceived health is the strongest predictor of AtA for the younger-old participants whilst self-reported spirituality is the strongest predictor of AtA for the oldest-old adults.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.