bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with Fontan‐associated liver disease using gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Yamamoto Atsushi , Nagao Michinobu , Inoue Akihiro , Nakao Risako , Sakai Reiko , Nishina Yu , Morita Satoru , Sakai Akiko , Kogiso Tomomi , Kaneko Koichiro , Tokushige Katsutoshi , Inai Kei , Sakai Shuji , Yamaguchi Junichi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe unique feature of Fontan circulation is elevated central venous pressure, which causes Fontan‐associated liver disease (FALD). FALD is associated with a high incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Performing biopsies in patients with FALD is difficult as a result of warfarinization; gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd‐EOB‐DTPA)‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), a noninvasive examination, is useful for characterizing liver disease and detecting HCC. However, few studies have reported the detailed features of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA MRI, and the association between these findings and prognosis. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the utility of Gd‐EOB‐DTPA MRI to predict HCC development in patients with FALD.MethodsThis study enrolled 44 patients with FALD (mean age 25 years) who underwent Gd‐EOB‐DTPA MRI. The hepatobiliary phase images were scored semiqualitatively, and the patients were classified into the mild (0–1 point) or severe group (≥2 points). The endpoint was HCC, and event‐free survival was analyzed using Kaplan–Meier and log‐rank tests.ResultsThe severe group included 19 patients. During a mean follow‐up of 58 months, HCC developed in six patients. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed that patients in the severe group had a significantly poorer prognosis than those in the mild group (p = 0.0053). The Fibrosis‐4 index and liver‐to‐spleen ratio of patients with HCC were moderate.ConclusionsGd‐EOB‐DTPA MRI can be used to classify disease severity and predict the prognosis of patients with FALD.
Effects of alternative natural silicates on the kinetics of batch‐to‐melt conversion for E‐Glass fiber
Authors: Li Hong , Demirok Gülin , Ibarra‐Munoz Perla , Zhang Yingcheng , Sökmen Ilkay , Arslan Banu , Jose Ann , Goel Ashutosh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFor the fiberglass industry making E‐Glass fiber products predominantly, reduction in glass batch melting energy can be achieved by using alternative raw materials that improve the kinetics of the batch‐to‐melt (BtM) conversion process. The present study evaluates the effects of the following five types of natural silicate minerals: kaolin (comprising low [<5 wt%] and high [>50 wt%] “free” quartz), pyrophyllite, anorthosite, and wollastonite, on the BtM conversion process using a reference commercial E‐Glass composition. The study used isothermal heat treatment of individual silicate minerals and batch samples containing them, infrared spectroscopy, powder x‐ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to characterize the stages of the BtM conversion process in detail. Based on the results of this study, a simplified reaction scheme or mechanism is proposed to account for the effect of batch chemistry on the BtM kinetics, namely, “free SiO2” + “free CaO” → CaSiO3 controls the kinetics of the batch melting. Relative to the E‐Glass control batch made using kaolin, sand, and limestone, the DSC tests showed the benefits of using pyrophyllite (replacing kaolin and sand), anorthosite (replacing kaolin and some limestone), and wollastonite (replacing limestone) in lowering the BtM conversion energy (from room temperature [RT] to 1200°C) between 20% and 50%.
The future is bright: artificial intelligence for trainee medical officers in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Kovoor Joshua G. , Smallbone Harry , Jenkins Alexander , Stretton Brandon , Santhosh Sanjana , Jacobsen Jonathan H. W. , Gupta Aashray K. , Zaka Ammar , Nann Silas D. , Jiang Melinda , Luo Yuchen , Withers Caitlyn , Ataie Sara , Nematzadeh Nasim , Warren Leigh R. , Marshall‐Webb Matthew , Chan WengOnn , McNeil Keith , Gluck Samuel , Turner Richard , Tan Melanie , South Tobin , Gilbert Toby , Hopkins Ashley M. , Vanlint Andrew S. , Sweetman Gregory M. , Bates Timothy R. , Hansra Amandeep , Bacchi Stephen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGiven their frontline role in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) healthcare, trainee medical officers (TMOs) will play a crucial role in the development and use of artificial intelligence (AI) for clinical care, ongoing medical education and research. As ‘digital natives’, particularly those with technical expertise in AI, TMOs should also be leaders in informing the safe uptake and governance of AI within ANZ healthcare as they have a practical understanding of its associated risks and benefits. However, this is only possible if a culture of broad collaboration is instilled while the use of AI in ANZ is still in its initial phase.
Expression of RAG and secondary gene rearrangement of BCR in mature peripheral B lymphocytes in Takayasu arteritis
Authors: Wang Zhenni , Jing Zongxu , Luo Xiaoyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo evaluate the expression of recombinant activating gene (RAG) and B cell receptor (BCR) gene rearrangements in mature peripheral B lymphocytes in Takayasu arteritis (TA) to explore the possible mechanism of humoral immune response in TA. Ten patients with TA and 10 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy volunteers (control group) from Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University and Peking Union Medical College Hospital, between 2022 and 2023, were included in this study. The mRNA of the RAG was measured using real‐time quantitative PCR (RT‐PCR). Western blotting was used to detect RAG protein expression levels. NGS technology was used to detect BCR gene rearrangement. The mRNA expression level of RAG1 and RAG2 in peripheral mature B lymphocytes in patients with TA was significantly higher than in the control group (RAG1 5.56 ± 1.71 vs. 1.94 ± 0.86, p < 0.05; RAG2 5.26 ± 1.59 vs. 1.65 ± 0.64, p < 0.05), respectively. The protein expression level of the RAG1 and the RAG2 in peripheral mature B lymphocytes in patients with TA was significantly higher than in the healthy control group (RAG1 4.33 ± 1.58 vs. 1.52 ± 0.59, p < 0.001; RAG2 4.67 ± 1.88 vs. 1.59 ± 0.56, p < 0.001). The number of peripheral B lymphocyte BCR clonotypes in the group of patients with TA was significantly higher than in the normal control group (1574 ± 317.7 vs. 801.3 ± 202.1, p < 0.05). The abundance of IGHV clones in patients with TA was higher than in the normal control group (31.185% vs. 13.449%), which was positively correlated with the expression levels of RAG1 and RAG2 (correlation coefficient r = 1.00, p < 0.001), respectively. High expression of the RAG gene coexists with secondary BCR gene rearrangement in mature peripheral B lymphocytes in patients with TA, providing important clues regarding the potential humoral response in TA; however, further studies with larger samples are needed.
N Stress Alleviation in Crops—A System Approach Analysing Residual N From Winter Crops in a Late‐Maize‐Wheat Sequence
Authors: Biassoni M. M. , Agosti M. B. , Kehoe E. , Enrico J. M. , Gutiérrez Boem F. H. , Salvagiotti F. 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTNitrogen (N) is crucial for crop production. Crop sequences with different legume participation affect N availability and therefore N fertiliser management. The study aimed to assess the inclusion of winter crops (WC) with different amounts of residues and different C:N ratios on the following: (i) the response to N fertilisation in the following late‐maize (Zea mays L.), and to carry that comparison into a subsequent wheat crop (Triticum aestivum L.), and (ii) identify soil N indicators associated with these responses. Two field experiments (E1 and E2) were conducted in the Argentinean Pampas during two growing seasons to evaluate a WC/late‐maize‐wheat sequence under no‐tillage. In each experiment, late‐maize was sown after a bare‐fallow and three WC: wheat, vetch (Vicia villosa L.) and field pea (Pisum sativum L.), where five rates of N fertilisation were evaluated. An area of late‐maize that was not fertilised with N within each previous WC was used to evaluate the response to N fertilisation in the subsequent wheat crop. Indigenous N was estimated by using N uptake in the non‐N‐fertilised treatments. Soil N indicators and C:N ratio of WC residues were evaluated as indicators of response to N fertilisation in both crops. Significant responses to N fertilisation in grain yield and N uptake were observed in late‐maize when bare‐fallow and wheat were the previous treatments in both experiments. In contrast, vetch and field pea supplied 32 and 40 kg N ha−1 in E1 and E2, respectively, and showed no response to N fertilisation, satisfying the N required by late‐maize. However, this supply was not enough to sustain the N demand of the subsequent wheat, where the response to N addition ranged from 36% to 74% when vetch and wheat were the previous WC, respectively. Only soil inorganic N indicators were associated with indigenous N supply. Moreover, the apparent net WC effect was linked to late‐maize (r2 = 0.91) and subsequent wheat (r2 = 0.67) grain yield response, which was also related to the C:N ratio of the WC residues in late‐maize and the subsequent wheat (r2 = 0.78), suggesting that mineralisation occurs when C:N ratio is below 18. Consequently, in future studies the C:N ratio of the WC residues can be included in N fertilisation recommendation schemes when late‐maize is sown as a double crop in more intensified crop sequences.
Supportive interventions for preparation for future care of community‐dwelling older adults: A scoping review
Authors: Qiqi Ni , Li Wang , Weijing Sui , Yiyu Zhuang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimTo identify and summarize the content and effectiveness of existing supportive interventions for preparation for future care of community‐dwelling older adults.DesignA scoping review.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, Wanfang, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Chinese medical journal databases were used to identify studies alongside a search for grey literature, from inception to December 1, 2023.ResultsIn total, 530 records were retrieved. Ten studies met the inclusion criteria, with eight interventions. Two categories of interventions were highlighted: psycho‐educational group and web‐based decision support. The components included the introduction of preparation for future care, discussing resources, exploration of care preferences and identifying care planning. Outcomes were grouped into four: awareness and attitude towards preparation for future care, participation in preparation for future care, changes in mental health and well‐being and feasibility and acceptability of interventions.ConclusionFew studies have investigated interventions that promote preparation for future care in community‐dwelling older adults. These interventions, deemed acceptable and feasible, have shown promising results in improving awareness and attitude, and participation in future care preparation. Nevertheless, the impact on mental health appeared mixed.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareSupportive interventions should be developed with feasibility and acceptability to improve awareness and participation in future care preparation for community‐dwelling older adults.ImpactThis review lays a foundation for the pre‐allocating of care resources, improving the quality of provided care and ultimately promoting healthy ageing.Reporting MethodReporting was guided by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews.Patient or Public ContributionNo Patient or Public Contribution.Protocol RegistrationA protocol was registered on the Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/ze8wf).
Cultural Intelligence and Migration Intentions Among Nursing and Midwifery Students in Southeastern Region of Turkey: A Correlational Study
Authors: Berşe Soner , Tosun Betül , Dirgar Ezgi , Yava Ayla 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study explores the relationship between cultural intelligence and attitudes towards the intention to migrate among nursing and midwifery students.MethodsUsing a correlational design, data were collected from 804 students through the Student Descriptive Form, The Attitude Scale for Brain Drain in Nursing Students and the Cultural Intelligence Scale. The analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics and AMOS, employing structural equation modelling and analysis of variance.ResultsThe majority of participants were female (84.8%) and Turkish citizens (89.1%). The findings showed that both cultural intelligence levels and attitudes towards brain drain were above average. A positive correlation was identified between cultural intelligence and attitudes towards the intention to migrate.ConclusionEnhancing cultural intelligence through intercultural education, overseas experiences and multilingual proficiency is essential. The study underscores the critical need for policy reforms aimed at improving working conditions in low‐income countries and addressing the challenges posed by the intention to migrate.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareIncorporating cultural intelligence training into nursing and midwifery curricula is essential for preparing students to work in multicultural healthcare settings. Educational reforms are needed to equip future healthcare professionals with the skills required for diverse patient care. Additionally, policy interventions aimed at improving working conditions and offering better incentives in low‐income regions are critical to mitigating brain drain by addressing the root causes of migration among skilled healthcare workers.ImpactThe study underscores the role of cultural intelligence in shaping the migration intentions of nursing and midwifery students. It highlights how higher levels of cultural intelligence correlate with more positive attitudes towards migration, suggesting that culturally adept healthcare professionals may be more inclined to seek international opportunities.Reporting MethodThis study adhered to the STROBE guidelines for reporting observational studies.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Does visual or mechanosensory disruption influence risk assessment in coral reef fishes: a preliminary study
Authors: Bowers Riley , Burgos Nicholas , Meshanko Ryan , Thaker Sapna , Yan Allison , O'Fallon Sean , Blumstein Daniel T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInterpreting and responding to environmental cues from different modalities has survival value. In fish, the role of multimodal perception has been studied in regard to both foraging and risk assessment, with modalities including vision, olfaction, and mechanoreception via lateral lines. We studied reef fish boldness by placing novel objects that obstructed vision, lateral line use, or both into a coral reef environment with native algal samples inside, and then quantifying exploration as a function of obstruction type and as a function of functional diet groups (herbivores, omnivores, carnivores). Fish were more neophobic with more sensory obstructions, displaying longer latencies to visitation across all novel objects. Fish were also less likely to pass by objects that blocked multiple perceptual modalities. Across diets, there is early evidence that different functional groups respond differently to novelty. However, this conclusion requires further study. Overall, our findings provide key insights into perceptual ecology. In turn, this knowledge can be applied to understanding the effects of novel anthropogenic modifications in the marine environment. Such modifications may include positive activities like the construction of substrates to restore coral reefs, coral transplantation to restore reefs, as well as the negative consequences of construction and pollution.
The Effect of Botulinum Toxin Type A in the Autologous Fat Grafting: A Review
Authors: Lo Chihchieh , Cao Lideng , Lin Yuanyou , Wang Hang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundAutologous fat grafting is a widely used technique in plastic and reconstructive surgery for soft tissue augmentation. Despite its advantages, the primary limitation is the unpredictable retention rate of transplanted fat. Recent studies suggest that botulinum toxin type A (BTX‐A) can enhance fat graft survival by promoting angiogenesis and muscle paralysis.AimsThis review explores the potential of BTX‐A as an adjuvant in autologous fat grafting, providing insights into its mechanisms, benefits, and the need for further clinical validation.Patients/MethodsA literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and Embase. Keywords related to BTX‐A, fat grafting, fat graft survival, and angiogenesis were used. Comparative studies reporting histological changes following BTX‐A application in fat grafting were included. Exclusion criteria involved case reports with fewer than three animals, reviews, and letters.ResultsThe initial search yielded 108 articles, with seven experimental studies meeting the criteria. These studies demonstrated that BTX‐A enhances fat graft retention by promoting vascularization and adipose‐derived stem cell differentiation. However, these results are mainly based on small animal models.ConclusionsWhile BTX‐A shows promise in improving autologous fat grafting outcomes, its efficacy and safety in humans need validation through large‐scale clinical trials. Translating these preclinical findings into human trials is crucial to establish standardized protocols and optimize clinical outcomes. Future research should focus on optimizing dosage and injection sites, conducting long‐term follow‐up studies, and performing multicenter trials to verify the findings.
Impact of a mandibular advancement device on corticomotor plasticity in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Costa Yuri M. , Hayakawa Hidetoshi , Castrillon Eduardo. E. , Ferreira Dyna Mara A. O. , Iida Takashi , Kothari Mohit , Svensson Peter 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundNeuroplasticity induced by mandibular advancement appliance (MAD) in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is poorly documented.ObjectiveThis randomised placebo‐controlled crossover mechanistic study assessed the effects of short‐term use of a MAD on corticomotor excitability of the masseter and tongue in patients with OSA.MethodsAdults (n = 28) with mild or moderate OSA were randomly allocated to sleep with a MAD for 2‐weeks with 40% of the maximal protrusion (MAD active position) and without any jaw protrusion (MAD placebo position). The outcomes were assessed at baseline, and after 2 and 6 weeks, with a 2‐week washout period. The primary outcome was the amplitude of motor evoked potential (MEP) assessed on the right masseter, right side of tongue and right first dorsal interosseous with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Corticomotor map volume of the same muscles was also assessed. Repeated‐measures ANOVAs followed by Tukey test were applied to the data (p < .050).ResultsThere was a significant increase in the MEP amplitude of the masseter and tongue following the MAD active position compared with the baseline and MAD placebo (Tukey: p < .001). There were no significant MEP amplitude differences between the baseline and placebo positions (p > .050). Moreover, there was a significant increase in corticomotor map volume for the masseter and tongue muscles following the MAD active position compared with baseline and MAD placebo (Tukey: p < .003).ConclusionExcitability of the masseter and tongue motor pathways is, at least transiently, increased in patients with OSA following a short‐term use of MAD. This novel finding of MAD‐induced neuroplasticity in corticomotor pathways may contribute to a further understanding of the mechanisms of oral appliances for treating OSA.
Pain, Function and Quality of Life in Temporomandibular Disorder Patients With Different Disc Positions
Authors: Li Yi‐jun , Han Sophie Lau Rui , Xu Zi‐ang , Cheng Qiao‐yu , Fan Pei‐di , Zheng Yun‐hao , Wang Jun , Xiong Xin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundWhether pain, jaw function and quality of life are correlated with disc positions is controversial, and similar studies evaluating disc positions by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are very limited.ObjectiveThis study evaluated the pain, mandibular function and quality of life of the temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) patients with different disc positions according to MRI, and the relationship among them.MethodsThree hundred and thirty‐five participants were included. Patients completed questionnaires included the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale 8‐item (JFLS‐8), the Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7‐item (GAD‐7), Patient Health Questionnaire 9‐item (PHQ‐9) and Oral Health Impact Profile for TMD (OHIP‐TMD). MRI was conducted to evaluate these diagnoses, resulting in the identification of three distinct categories: normal positioning (NP), disc displacement with reduction (DDwR) and disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR).ResultsParticipants had the mean age of 28.55 ± 11.10 years (80.90% women). DDwR and DDwoR had a higher percentage of females compared with NP. Significant differences existed among patients in all questionnaires. The DDwoR group had significantly the highest pain, functional limitation and the worst quality of life. Moreover, they experienced the most difficulties in chewing tough foods, yawning, experiencing pain and psychological discomfort. Moreover, the multivariate regression showed that age, female gender, diagnosis as DDwoR, GAD‐7 and PHQ‐9 were significantly linked to higher functional limitation. Worse quality of life was associated with age, diagnosis as DDwoR, GAD‐7 and PHQ‐9.ConclusionsAmong patients with different disc positions, DDwoR showed the highest pain, functional limitation and the worst quality of life. Also, NP showed a proportion of chronic pain. Physical pain, psychological discomfort and chewing tough food were regarded as the most impaired. Women who experience anxiety and depression tended to have a higher propotion of dysfunction and a lower quality of life.