bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Building a 'Harmonious World': A Mission Impossible?
Authors: Keyuan Zou 
Published: October 2017

In September 2005, President Hu Jintao called for a 'harmonious world' at the summit for the 60th anniversary of the founding of the United Nations. Following his call, the Chinese government issued a white paper on China's peaceful development road, in which 'building a harmonious world' is valued as the 'lofty goal' in taking the path of 'peaceful development'. In the latest Five-Year
Plan (2011–2015), Chinese foreign policy continues to hold high the banner of peace, development and cooperation and to build a harmonious world featured by enduring peace and common prosperity together with other countries in the world. This article will examine the doctrine of 'harmonious world' to see whether it is practical in conducting international relations between China and the rest of the world and how China should adjust its foreign policy thinking to better cope with the more complicated world. It is timely and meaningful to discuss the topic at the time when China changes its leadership.1
China's Solar PV Manufacturing and Subsidies from the Perspective of State Capitalism
Authors: Gang Chen 
Published: October 2017

This article examines how the Chinese government, at both central and local levels, has supported solar PV equipment manufacturing to increase its share in the global market, despite its innate disadvantages in this industry. Much of China's early expansion of manufacturing sectors can be attributed to its competitive advantages in cheap labour and good infrastructure, as well as the alleged undervaluation of the Chinese currency. However, China's formidable progress in the capital-intensive solar PV industries, where these advantages were no longer functioning effectively, has raised interesting questions about hidden stimulus factors like direct government subsidies, cheap land, technology support and easy credit provided by the government or other state sectors, like state-owned banks and research institutes.
China's emergence as the world's largest manufacturer in these nascent industries has global economic repercussions. This research aims to explicate the Chinese business model from the perspective of state capitalism, a quasi-market system that has been integrated into the global economy, but which remains under the command of an authoritarian regime with a central planning mindset that makes innovative use of domestic leverages to subsidize strategic industries and achieve international competitiveness
Subsidization in China's Renewable Energy Sector: Negotiability as the Norm
Authors: Christensen Nis Høyrup 
Published: October 2017

The Chinese government's decision to push for large-scale build up of renewable energy capacity was followed by a range of industrial policies to support this change of track. Most importantly, various forms of subsidies were launched to support both industries and markets. While important new research has added to our understanding of China's state capitalism by documenting the depth and breadth of subsidies to solar PV manufactures, very little attention has been paid to how subsidies are determined and how companies influence these processes.
This article takes a neo-institutional perspective with the aim of understanding the institutional context for the interplay between companies and Party-state, and the norms established through this interaction. It explores two cases, the biomass and solar industry, and shows how subsidies are perceived as being negotiable. Understanding this negotiability of subsidies as an institutionalized norm helps us understand both an important factor shaping China's renewable energy sector and the wider dynamics of state capitalism in China.
Multinational Enterprises and the 'One Belt, One road' Initiative: Sustainable Development and Innovation in a Post-Crisis Global Environment
Authors: Solmecke Ulrike 
Published: October 2017

By initiating the development of a gigantic international trade network across
Asia, Europe and Africa, with several trade corridors that will span around 60
countries, China intends to stimulate substantial economic growth. Already in
the first phase, focused on building an adequate infrastructure, multinational
enterprises will play a vital role in developing the so-called New Silk Road
or the 'One Belt, One Road' initiative. This article inquires into the environmental impacts that a venture of this magnitude will entail and discusses the potential of the available voluntary and mandatory governance instruments to lead the key economic actors to take sustainability criteria into account.
Stress Distribution, Tooth Remaining Strain, and Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Molars Restored Without or With One or Two Fiberglass Posts And Direct Composite Resin
Authors: Barcelos LM , Bicalho AA , Veríssimo C , Rodrigues MP , Soares CJ 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTObjectives:To evaluate the effects of direct composite resin without a post or with one or two fiberglass posts on the restoration of severely compromised endodontically treated molars.Methods and Materials:Forty-five molars with 2 mm of “remaining tooth structure” were divided into three groups: Wfgp, restored with Filtek Z350XT without a fiberglass post; 1fgp, restored with Z350XT with one fiberglass post in the distal root canal; and 2fgp, restored with Z350XT with two fiberglass posts, one in the distal root canal and the other in the mesial-buccal root canal. The teeth were load cycled. Tooth remaining strain was measured using strain gauges (n=10) at two moments: TrSt-100 N, during 100 N occlusal loading, and TrSt-Fr, at fracture load. Fracture resistance was calculated, and fracture mode was classified. The elastic modulus and Vickers hardness were calculated using dynamic indentation (n=5). Stress distribution was analyzed by three-dimensional finite element analysis.Results:The use of two fiberglass posts resulted in lower fracture resistance than was noted in the groups with one fiberglass post and without fiberglass posts. The lingual surface of the remaining tooth had higher strain values than the buccal surface, regardless of the restorative technique and moment of evaluation. The absence of a fiberglass post resulted in significantly higher strain values and more irreparable fracture modes than were noted in the other groups. The use of one fiberglass post had a better strain/fracture resistance ratio. Stresses were concentrated in the occlusal portion of the post and in the furcation region. The presence of one fiberglass post resulted in better stress distribution in the entire distal root dentin, reducing stress on the critical areas.Conclusions:The use of one fiberglass post for restoring molars with direct composite resin resulted in higher fracture resistance than did the use of two fiberglass posts; it also resulted in better tooth remaining strain and stress distribution and more reparable fracture modes than were seen in the group without a fiberglass post.
Effect of Oxygen Inhibition Layer of Universal Adhesives on Enamel Bond Fatigue Durability and Interfacial Characteristics With Different Etching Modes
Authors: Ouchi H , Tsujimoto A , Nojiri K , Hirai K , Takamizawa T , Barkmeier WW , Latta MA , Miyazaki M 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARY

Objective:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the oxygen inhibition layer of universal adhesive on enamel bond fatigue durability and interfacial characteristics with different etching modes.

Methods:
The three universal adhesives used were Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE, St Paul, MN, USA), Adhese Universal (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Lichtenstein), and G-Premio Bond (GC, Tokyo, Japan). The initial shear bond strength and shear fatigue strength to enamel was determined in the presence and absence of the oxygen inhibition layer, with and without phosphoric acid pre-etching. The water contact angle was also measured in all groups using the sessile drop method.

Results:
The enamel bonding specimens with an oxygen inhibition layer showed significantly higher (p&lt;0.05) initial shear bond strengths and shear fatigue strengths than those without, regardless of the adhesive type and etching mode. Moreover, the water contact angles on the specimens with an oxygen inhibition layer were significantly lower (p&lt;0.05) than on those without, regardless of etching mode.

Conclusion:
The results of this study suggest that the oxygen inhibition layer of universal adhesives significantly increases the enamel bond fatigue durability and greatly changes interfacial characteristics, suggesting that the bond fatigue durability and interfacial characteristics of these adhesives strongly rely on its presence.
Producción Más Limpia: una revisión de aspectos generales
Authors: Bernal Figueroa Andrea Angélica , Beltrán Parada Claudia Johana , Márquez Márquez Andrés Felipe 
Published: October 2017

Este artículo presenta una revisión de aspectos básicos de la Producción Más Limpia (PML) como estrategia ambiental preventiva, la cual se integra a los procesos productivos con el fin de hacerlos más eficientes ambientalmente en cuanto a la utilización de recursos y materias primas, entre otros. Se mencionan aspectos generales en cuanto al impacto ambiental en Colombia enfocado en los sistemas productivos, origen y evolución general del concepto, así como definición, aspectos generales, beneficios y dificultades para su implementación. De manera general, se concluye que la PML es una estrategia que puede contribuir en la disminución del impacto ambiental generado por los diferentes sistemas productivos; sin embargo, es necesario realizar actividades que permitan impulsar su difusión y conocimiento por parte de los diferentes actores involucrados, así como resaltar los beneficios sociales, ambientales y económicos que su aplicación podría generar. Palabras clave: impacto ambiental, producción más limpia, sistemas productivos, sistemas de gestión ambiental.
The functions of code switching in an English language classroom
Authors: Fachriyah Eva 
Published: October 2017

The aims of this research is to gain a deep understanding and to knowing the use of code-switching that have done by students and lecturers in interaction when teaching learning in English class. Specifically or as sub-focus in this research was aimed to determine the functions for the use of code switching that is used by both of the speaker and hearer that in this case the interaction between lecturer and students when learning takes place. This research was conducted at the campus of the State Islamic Institute "Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten" at the Faculty of Education and Teaching in English department at the third semester. This study was a qualitative research by using ethnography of communication method. The techniques and procedures of data collection were used such as observation, recordings and transcripts, and interviews. Based on data analysis, the use of code switching in English classroom has got the result for functions of code switching in interaction when the learning take place. Key words: code switching, English learning, ethnography communication.
Implementaciones en Hardware de técnicas de Radiogoniometría
Authors: Sánchez Tibisay , Redondo Alfredo David , García Andrés Felipe , Gómez Cristina , Betancur Leonardo , Hincapié Roberto Carlos 
Published: October 2017

En este artículo se presenta una revisión bibliográfica y un análisis comparativo de implementaciones en hardware de técnicas de Radiogoniometría, también conocidas como Radio Direction Finding (RDF), que permiten identificar la mejor opción para implementar estas funcionalidad en actividades de gestión del espectro en países en vía de desarrollo. Dentro de las implementaciones tratadas se incluyen técnicas clásicas como Pseudo-Doppler y técnicas avanzadas de alta resolución como MUSIC. Se presentan diferentes alternativas de hardware para realizar las implementaciones las cuales incluyen SDR (Software Defined Radio), FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) y DSP (Digital Signal Processor); a la vez que se incluyen algunas configuraciones híbridas dónde se mezcla el software y el hardware con el fin de optimizar recursos de tiempo y dinero. Adicionalmente se muestran algunas aplicaciones comerciales que emplean técnicas de geolocalización basadas en información de ángulos de llegada, tiempos de llegada u otros parámetros que permiten realizar el proceso de triangulación o trilateración según sea el caso.
Influencia de la presión de contacto sobre los parámetros de diseño de pavimentos asfálticos usando modelos de elementos finitos
Authors: Pallares Muñoz Myriam R. , Pulencio Díaz Julián A. 
Published: October 2017

Se evalúa la influencia de la presión de contacto de una carga dual sobre los parámetros de diseño de pavimentos asfalticos por medio del modelador de elementos finitos EverStressFE 1.0 intentando reproducir de una manera más ajustada la forma de la huella y la intensidad de esfuerzo generados por las llantas de los vehículos. Para la validación se empleó el software multicapa elástico EverStress© 5.0. Los resultados de las deformaciones llevaron a concluir que los diseños de pavimentos asfálticos realizados con métodos analíticos pueden estar ligeramente sobredimensionados y en consecuencia elevar los costos de construcción de los pavimentos. Este estudio traza una ruta para analizar la sensibilidad de distintos factores que pueden afectar el diseño de pavimentos asfalticos. Se espera en próximas investigaciones integrar condiciones dinámicas introduciendo resultados obtenidos de pruebas de campo a escala real.
Regionalización de curvas IDF para el uso de modelos hidrometeorológicos en la Sabana Occidental del departamento de Cundinamarca
Authors: Becerra Oviedo Jazmín Andrea , Sánchez Mazorca Liza Fernanda , Acosta Castellano Pedro Mauricio , Díaz Arévalo José Luis 
Published: October 2017

En este trabajo se presenta la regionalización de las curvas de intensidad-duración y frecuencia a partir del uso de diferentes modelos hidrometereológicos, tomando como área de estudio la Sabana Occidental del departamento de Cundinamarca-Colombia. Para esto, se realiza el respectivo cálculo de las curvas IDF a partir del análisis de las intensidades registradas en los pluviógrafos de siete estaciones meteorológicas ubicadas en la región, se utiliza el método de Gumbell y las respectivas pruebas de bondad de ajuste. Se aplican diferentes técnicas como la regresión lineal y la determinación de los coeficientes de correlación para la interpolación de las intensidades y los parámetros alfa y U. En la regionalización de las intensidades para la zona de estudio, se aplica un método estadístico basado en la correlación lineal de las intensidades en función de las variables topográficas de la región (altitud, latitud y longitud). En este caso se analizan las diferencias encontradas usando como elementos de interpolación las intensidades registradas y los parámetros Alfa y u.
Presencia de mercurio en la especie Pimelodus grosskopfii “Capaz” en el departamento del Huila
Authors: García Gómez Ángela Goretty , Parejo Pérez Andrea Ximena , Vela Bonilla Lina Margarita , Coronado Cuenca Lilia Vanesa 
Published: October 2017

En el presente trabajo se realizaron mediciones para determinar la presencia de Mercurio orgánico (metilmercurio) en la especie Pimelodus grosskopfii “Capaz” en el Departamento del Huila; para ello se determinó el contenido de mercurio total de 35 muestras de peces los cuales fueron capturados entre finales de noviembre y principios de diciembre del año 2012 en los municipios de Hobo, Gigante, vereda de Puerto Seco, Yaguará y Neiva, presentando niveles de mercurio todos los especímenes capturados; adicional a esto se determinó el análisis de riesgo al cual puede estar expuesta la población sensible como son los pescadores, debido al consumo de esta especie, por medio del índice de riesgo Hazard quotient HQ reportando valores inferiores a uno.
Software de ingeniería especializado en el diseño y simulación de plantas de tratamiento de agua residual: revisión
Authors: Sánchez Ramírez J. E. , Mejía Fajardo A. , Amorocho Cruz C. M. 
Published: October 2017

Este documento presenta una revisión sobre los programas más utilizados para la simulación, diseño y control de plantas de tratamiento de agua residual. Se plantea la posibilidad de utilizar este tipo de herramientas para investigación, ambientes profesionales y de docencia. Este documento recopila el software más utilizado, teniendo en cuenta que estas herramientas permiten mejorar el rendimiento, control y la optimización de las plantas de tratamiento de agua residual.
Variabilidad espacial de las propiedades físicas de un suelo Fluventic Ustropepts en la cuenca baja del río Las Ceibas - Huila
Authors: Vargas S. Rocio Del Pilar , Serrato C. Fernando , Torrente Trujillo Armando 
Published: October 2017

Se estudió la variabilidad espacial de algunas propiedades físicas del suelo asociadas a cultivos de caña, pasto y moringa en un “Fluventic Ustropepts” de la Cuenca baja del Rio Las Ceibas. Se hizo muestreo con grilla de 50 m x 50 m en 26 puntos para los análisis físicos, 8 pruebas de infiltración en muestreo aleatorio simple y 3 muestras integradas para análisis químicos en un área de 6.5 ha. El estudio consta de 5 etapas: 1) recolección de muestras y análisis de las propiedades físicas y químicas del suelo, 2) análisis estadístico y descriptivo de las variables usando los software Statgraphic Centurión XVIII y Excel 2010, 3) análisis geoestadístico basado en la interpolación por el método Kriging con software GS+10, 4) análisis multivariado de las componentes principales generando un gráfico bidimensional (biplot) con InfoStat y 5) elaboración de mapas de variabilidad espacial de las propiedades físicas del suelo por medio de software Surfer 10 para la implementación del plan de cultivos y los mapas de uso del suelo, por medio de los software ArcGis 10. La infiltración del suelo resultó extremadamente heterogénea con un coeficiente de variación del 74,5% y dependencia moderada con rango de alcance de 610,9 m. Se delimitaron tres sectores para los cultivos mencionados, basados en los análisis del suelo según el uso potencial del suelo.
PRESENCIA DE METALPHEUS ROSTRATIPES (Pocock, 1890) (CRUSTACEA: ALPHEIDAE) EN EL CARIBE COLOMBIANO
Authors: Navas S. Gabriel R. , Lattig Patricia , Moreno Forero Silvia K. 
Published: October 2017

Samples of skeletons of the coral Acropora palmata obtained on the reef crest of Isla Grande, Islas del Rosario (colombian Caribbean),were found to contain two specimens of the family Alpheidae, Metalpheus rostratipes (Pocock, 1890). This shrimp species is reported for the first time from the colombian Caribbean.
ESTRUCTURA POBLACIONAL DEL PEZ MACRÚRIDO COELORINCHUS CAELORHINCUS EN AGUAS PROFUNDAS DE LA COSTA CARIBE DE COLOMBIA.
Authors: Paramo Jorge , Motta Jasney , De La Hoz Javier 
Published: October 2017

The objective of the study is to describe the patterns of spatial distribution and size structure of Coelorinchus caelorhincus in deep-sea waters of Colombian Caribbean. The samples were collected with trawling in depths between 200 and 550 m. Statistically significant differences in the sizes of the sexeswere found, indicating sexual dimorphism. The length structure by depth strata showed a size increase with depth for both females and males. The length at sexual maturity in females was 17.238 cm TL. The spatial distribution indicates that in the northeastern area the higher aggregations were off the coast of the Magdalena River, off Santa Marta and Riohacha cities. In the southwestern area the higher aggregations were towards the northern part of the Urabá Gulf.
FIRST RECORD OF BRITTLE-STAR SCHIZOSTELLA BIFURCATA (ECHINODERMATA: OPHIUROIDEA) IN THE COLOMBIAN CARIBBEAN
Authors: Manrique-Rodríguez Nelson , Borrero-Pérez Giomar H. 
Published: October 2017

This paper reports Schizostella bifurcata, a member of the family Gorgonocephalidae for the first time in the Colombian Caribbean. This report is based on specimens collected from the continental shelf of Santa Marta bay, where the species was found associated with gorgonians.
Influence of Supply Chain Linkages with BoP Enterprises on Market Knowledge Competence and Propensity to Internationalization of MNEs: A Measurement Model
Authors: Siddiqui Sulaman Hafeez , Othman Ismail Bin Lebai 
Published: October 2017

Objectives: There has been growing interest in network theory of internationalization as a means to achieve 'cooperative advantage' and 'economies of networking'. Yet there is seldom any measurement model that may offer quantitative approach and tools to analyze role of supply chain linkages of Base of Pyramid (BoP) enterprises with MNE subsidiaries in host markets.
Design/Methods: The study makes use of statistical data reduction techniques such as factor analysis to test reliability and validity of the proposed model using data obtained through a structured questionnaire from supply chain/marketing managers of MNEs with backward and/forward supply chain linkages with BoP firms in Pakistan
Results: The study develops a measurement framework and structured questionnaire to analyze impact of sustainable/inclusive supply chain linkages as exogenous variable with the variables of subsidiary internationalization in host markets.
Implications/originality/value: The study offers implications for linking vast sector of micro and small enterprises with value chain network as economic agents of MNEs to support its innovation and market outreach strategy in a sustainable manner. Further empirical studies are needed to validate and extend the hypothesized relationships of proposed model of sustainable internationalization.
Impact of One-Year Methadone Maintenance Treatment in Heroin Users in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Chen Guohong , Fujiwara Takeo 
Published: October 2017

Context Although the effectiveness of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) is well-established in many countries, it is a relatively new therapy for heroin users in China. Jiangsu Province, a relatively wealthy province, set up 4 MMT clinics in February 2006. No previous studies have evaluated the impact of MMT in a wealthy Chinese province. Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a 1-year MMT among heroin users in Jiangsu Province. We investigated the impact of the treatment by examining the following outcomes: 1) reduction of heroin use, 2) increase of appropriate sexual intercourse, 3) reduction of antisocial behavior, 4) increase of better social and family relationships, and 5) HIV prevalence among heroin users in MMT clinics. Design and Setting Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted before and after heroin users in Jiangsu Province received at least 1-year of treatment in the MMT clinics. A questionnaire survey was implemented for those who agreed to participate from March to April 2006, before the initiation of MMT (N = 554). The second survey was from August to September 2007 and was administered to those who received MMT for more than 1 year (N = 804). One hundred and ninety-six patients who were investigated in both surveys were included in a longitudinal study to evaluate the factors attributable to behavior change. Results MMT helped in reducing the percentage of heroin injection and also improved social and familial relationships. Antisocial behavior, including theft, prostitution, and dealing in heroin, decreased after 1-year treatment in the MMT clinics. However, the percentage of patients using condoms was not statistically significant. No case was found to be HIV-positive among those who received more than 1 year MMT. In the longitudinal study of 196 patients who participated in both surveys, no specific demographic variables were found to be associated with heroin use, anti-social behaviors after 1-year MMT. Conclusions MMT was thought to reduce heroin use, antisocial behaviors and HIV prevalence, and increased appropriate sexual intercourse behaviors and better social and family relationships among heroin users in a wealthy province in China, which was true regardless of gender, age, marital status, or working status.