bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Feasibility randomised multicentre, double-blind, double-dummy controlled trial of anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist versus intramuscular methylprednisolone for acute gout attacks in patients with chronic kidney disease (ASGARD): protocol study
Authors: Balasubramaniam Gowrie , Parker Trisha , Turner David , Parker Mike , Scales Jonathan , Harnett Patrick , Harrison Michael , Ahmed Khalid , Bhagat Sweta , Marianayagam Thiraupathy , Pitzalis Costantino , Mallen Christian , Roddy Edward , Almond Mike , Dasgupta Bhaskar 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionAcute gout occurs in people with chronic kidney disease, who are commonly older people with comorbidities such as hypertension, heart disease and diabetes. Potentially harmful treatments are administered to these vulnerable patients due to a lack of clear evidence. Newly available treatment that targets a key inflammatory pathway in acute gout attacks provides an opportunity to undertake the first-ever trial specifically looking treating people with kidney disease. This paper describes the protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial (RCT) comparing anakinra, a novel interleukin-1 antagonist versus steroids in people with chronic kidney disease (ASGARD).Methods and analysisASGARD is a two-parallel group double-blind, double-dummy multicentre RCT comparing anakinra 100 mg, an interleukin-1 antagonist, subcutaneous for 5 days against intramuscular methylprednisolone 120 mg. The primary objective is to assess the feasibility of the trial design and procedures for a definitive RCT. The specific aims are: (1) test recruitment and retention rates and willingness to be randomised; (2) test eligibility criteria; (3) collect and analyse outcome data to inform sample and power calculations for a trial of efficacy; (4) collect economic data to inform a future economic evaluation estimating costs of treatment and (5) assess capacity of the project to scale up to a national multicentre trial. We will also gather qualitative insights from participants. It aims to recruit 32 patients with a 1:1 randomisation. Information from this feasibility study will help design a definitive trial and provide general information in designing acute gout studies.Ethics and disseminationThe London-Central Ethics Committee approved the protocol. The results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed journals and at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberEudraCT No. 2015-001787-19, NCT/Clinicalstrials.gov No.NCT02578394, pre-results, WHO Universal Trials Reference No. U1111-1175-1977. NIHR Grant PB-PG-0614–34090.
Psychological distress following a motor vehicle crash: evidence from a statewide retrospective study examining settlement times and costs of compensation claims
Authors: Guest Rebecca , Tran Yvonne , Gopinath Bamini , Cameron Ian D , Craig Ashley 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveTo determine whether psychological distress associated with musculoskeletal injuries sustained in a motor vehicle crash (MVC), regardless of time of onset, impacts compensation outcomes such as claim settlement times and costs. Second, to identify factors routinely collected by insurance companies that contribute to psychological distress during the compensation process.DesignStatewide retrospective study.Data sourceAnalysis of the New South Wales statewide (Australia) injury register for MVC survivors who lodged a compensation claim from 2011 to 2013.Participants6341 adults who sustained a musculoskeletal injury and who settled a claim for injury after an MVC. Participants included those diagnosed with psychological distress (n=607) versus those not (n=5734).Main outcome measuresTime to settlement and total costs of claims, as well as socio-demographic and injury characteristics that may contribute to elevated psychological distress, such as socio-economic disadvantage, and injury severity.ResultsPsychological distress in those with a musculoskeletal injury was associated with significantly longer settlement times (an additional 17 weeks) and considerably higher costs (an additional $A41 575.00 or 4.3 times more expensive). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified risk factors for psychological distress including being female, social disadvantage, unemployment prior to the claim, not being at fault in the MVC, requiring ambulance transportation and rehabilitation as part of recovery.ConclusionsResults provide compelling evidence that psychological distress has an adverse impact on people with musculoskeletal injury as they progress through compensation. Findings suggest that additional resources should be directed toward claimants who are at risk (eg, the socially disadvantaged or those unemployed prior to the claim), the major aim being to reduce risk of psychological distress, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, and associated risk of increased settlement times and claim costs. Prospective studies are now required that investigate treatment strategies for those at risk of psychological distress associated with an MVC.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a cardiovascular risk prediction algorithm for people with severe mental illness (PRIMROSE)
Authors: Zomer Ella , Osborn David , Nazareth Irwin , Blackburn Ruth , Burton Alexandra , Hardoon Sarah , Holt Richard Ian Gregory , King Michael , Marston Louise , Morris Stephen , Omar Rumana , Petersen Irene , Walters Kate , Hunter Rachael Maree 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the cost-effectiveness of two bespoke severe mental illness (SMI)-specific risk algorithms compared with standard risk algorithms for primary cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in those with SMI.SettingPrimary care setting in the UK. The analysis was from the National Health Service perspective.Participants1000 individuals with SMI from The Health Improvement Network Database, aged 30–74 years and without existing CVD, populated the model.InterventionsFour cardiovascular risk algorithms were assessed: (1) general population lipid, (2) general population body mass index (BMI), (3) SMI-specific lipid and (4) SMI-specific BMI, compared against no algorithm. At baseline, each cardiovascular risk algorithm was applied and those considered high risk (>10%) were assumed to be prescribed statin therapy while others received usual care.Primary and secondary outcome measuresQuality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and costs were accrued for each algorithm including no algorithm, and cost-effectiveness was calculated using the net monetary benefit (NMB) approach. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed to test assumptions made and uncertainty around parameter estimates.ResultsThe SMI-specific BMI algorithm had the highest NMB resulting in 15 additional QALYs and a cost saving of approximately £53 000 per 1000 patients with SMI over 10 years, followed by the general population lipid algorithm (13 additional QALYs and a cost saving of £46 000).ConclusionsThe general population lipid and SMI-specific BMI algorithms performed equally well. The ease and acceptability of use of an SMI-specific BMI algorithm (blood tests not required) makes it an attractive algorithm to implement in clinical settings.
Targeting Aberrant p70S6K Activation for Estrogen Receptor–Negative Breast Cancer Prevention
Authors: Wang Xiao , Yao Jun , Wang Jinyang , Zhang Qingling , Brady Samuel W. , Arun Banu , Seewaldt Victoria L. , Yu Dihua 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The prevention of estrogen receptor–negative (ER−) breast cancer remains a major challenge in the cancer prevention field, although antiestrogen and aromatase inhibitors have shown adequate efficacy in preventing estrogen receptor–positive (ER+) breast cancer. Lack of commonly expressed, druggable targets is a major obstacle for meeting this challenge. Previously, we detected the activation of Akt signaling pathway in atypical hyperplasic early-stage lesions of patients. In the current study, we found that Akt and the downstream 70 kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway was highly activated in ER− premalignant breast lesions and ER− breast cancer. In addition, p70S6K activation induced transformation of ER− human mammary epithelial cells (hMEC). Therefore, we explored the potential of targeting Akt/p70S6K in the p70S6K activated, ER− hMEC models and mouse mammary tumor models for the prevention of ER− breast cancer. We found that a clinically applicable Akt/p70S6K dual inhibitor, LY2780301, drastically decreased proliferation of hMECs with ErbB2-induced p70S6K activation via Cyclin B1 inhibition and cell-cycle blockade at G0–G1 phase, while it did not significantly reverse the abnormal acinar morphology of these hMECs. In addition, a brief treatment of LY2780301 in MMTV-neu mice that developed atypical hyperplasia (ADH) and mammary intraepithelial neoplasia (MIN) lesions with activated p70S6K was sufficient to suppress S6 phosphorylation and decrease cell proliferation in hyperplasic MECs. In summary, targeting the aberrant Akt/p70S6K activation in ER− hMEC models in vitro and in the MMTV-neu transgenic mouse model in vivo effectively inhibited Akt/S6K signaling and reduced proliferation of hMECs in vitro and ADH/MIN lesions in vivo, indicating its potential in prevention of p70S6K activated ER− breast cancer. Cancer Prev Res; 10(11); 641–50. ©2017 AACR.
Pulmonary Right Ventricular Resynchronization in Congenital Heart Disease
Authors: Janoušek Jan , Kovanda Jan , Ložek Miroslav , Tomek Viktor , Vojtovič Pavel , Gebauer Roman , Kubuš Peter , Krejčíř Miroslav , Lumens Joost , Delhaas Tammo , Prinzen Frits 
Published: September 2017

Background—
Electromechanical discoordination may contribute to long-term pulmonary right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in patients after surgery for congenital heart disease. We sought to evaluate changes in RV function after temporary RV cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Methods and Results—

Twenty-five patients aged median 12.0 years after repair of tetralogy of Fallot and similar lesions were studied echocardiographically (n=23) and by cardiac catheterization (n=5) after primary repair (n=4) or after surgical RV revalvulation for significant pulmonary regurgitation (n=21). Temporary RV cardiac resynchronization therapy was applied in the presence of complete right bundle branch block by atrial-synchronized RV free wall pacing in complete fusion with spontaneous ventricular depolarization using temporary electrodes. The q-RV interval at the RV free wall pacing site (mean 77.2% of baseline QRS duration) confirmed pacing from a late activated RV area. RV cardiac resynchronization therapy carried significant decrease in QRS duration (
P
<0.001) along with elimination of the right bundle branch block QRS morphology, increase in RV filling time (
P
=0.002), pulmonary artery velocity time integral (
P
=0.006), and RV maximum +dP/dt (
P
<0.001), and decrease in RV index of myocardial performance (
P
=0.006). RV mechanical synchrony improved: septal-to-lateral RV mechanical delay decreased (
P
<0.001) and signs of RV dyssynchrony pattern were significantly abolished. RV systolic stretch fraction reflecting the ratio of myocardial stretching and contraction during systole diminished (
P
=0.001).

Conclusions—
In patients with congenital heart disease and right bundle branch block, RV cardiac resynchronization therapy carried multiple positive effects on RV mechanics, synchrony, and contraction efficiency.
<p class="Body" align="center">Crotalaria L. (Fabaceae: Faboideae) in continental Southeast Asia
Authors: NINKAEW SAKUNTALA , BALSLEV HENRIK , PORNPONGRUNGRUENG PIMWADEE , CHANTARANOTHAI PRANOM 
Published: September 2017

A revision of the 45 species of Crotalaria in Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malaysia and Singapore is presented. Crotalaria humifusa is recorded as new for Thailand and Vietnam while C. phyllostachya are recorded as new for Thailand only. Crotalaria collettii is reduced to synonymy under C. alata. Lectotypes are designated for Crotalaria acicularis, C. cytisoides, C. esquirolii, C. filiformis, C. goreensis, C. goreensis var. angustifolia, C. hossei, C. kerrii, C. luxurians, C. melanocarpa, C. macrostipula, C. neglecta, C. neriifolia, C. tenuifolia and C. umbellata. We provide a key to the species, nomenclature, descriptions, distribution maps, a list of specimens examined, photographs and a line drawing.
The Assignment of American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification for Adult Polytrauma Patients: Results From a Survey and Future Considerations
Authors: Kuza Catherine M. , Hatzakis George , Nahmias Jeffry T. 
Published: September 2017

BACKGROUND:
The American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status (PS) classification system assesses the preoperative health of patients. Previous studies demonstrated poor interrater reliability and variable ASA PS scores, especially in trauma scenarios. There are few studies that evaluated the assignment of ASA PS scores in trauma patients and no studies that evaluated ASA PS assignment in severely injured adult polytrauma patients. Our objective was to assess interrater reliability and identify sources of discrepancy among anesthesiologists and trauma surgeons in designating ASA PS scores to adult polytrauma patients.

METHODS:
A link to an online survey containing questions assessing attitudes regarding ASA PS classification, demographic information, and 8 fictional trauma cases was e-mailed to anesthesiologists and trauma surgeons. The participants were asked to assign an ASA PS score to each scenario and explain their choice. Rater-versus-reference and interrater reliability, beyond that expected by chance, among respondents was analyzed using the Fleiss kappa analysis.

RESULTS:
A total of 349 participants completed the survey. All 8 cases had inconsistent ASA PS scores; several cases had scores ranging from I to VI and variable emergency (E) designations. Using weighted kappa (Kw) analysis for a subset of 201 respondents (101 trauma surgeons [S] and 100 anesthesiologists [A]), we found moderate (Kw = 0.63; SE = 0.024; 95% confidence interval, 0.594–0.666; P < .001) interrater-versus-reference reliability. The interrater reliability was fair (Kw = 0.43; SE = 0.037; 95% confidence interval, 0.360–0.491; P < .001).

CONCLUSIONS:
This study demonstrates fair interrater reliability beyond that expected by chance of the ASA PS scores among anesthesiologists and trauma surgeons when assessing adult polytrauma patients. Although the ASA PS is used in some trauma risk stratification models, discrepancies of ASA PS scores assigned to trauma cases exist. Future modifications of the ASA PS guidelines should aim to improve the interrater reliability of ASA PS scores in trauma patients. Further studies are warranted to determine the value of the ASA PS score as a trauma prognostic metric.
High Lipoprotein(a) and Low Risk of Major Bleeding in Brain and Airways in the General Population: a Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Langsted Anne , Kamstrup Pia R , Nordestgaard Børge G 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe physiological role of lipoprotein(a) is unclear; however, lipoprotein(a) may play a role in hemostasis and wound healing. We tested the hypothesis that high lipoprotein(a) concentrations are associated with low risk of major bleeding in the brain and airways both observationally and causally (from human genetics).METHODSWe examined 109169 individuals from the Copenhagen City Heart Study and the Copenhagen General Population study, 2 similar prospective studies conducted in the Danish general population. Individuals had information on plasma lipoprotein(a) concentrations (n = 59980), LPA kringle-IV type 2 (KIV-2) number of repeats (n = 98965), and/or LPA single-nucleotide polymorphism rs10455872 associated with high lipoprotein(a) concentrations (n = 109 169), and information on hospital contacts or death due to major bleeding in brain and airways from registers.RESULTSUsing extreme phenotypes or genotypes, the multifactorially adjusted hazard ratio for major bleeding in the brain and airways was 0.84 (95%CI: 0.71–0.99) for lipoprotein(a), &gt;800 mg/L vs &lt;110 mg/L; 0.83 (0.73–0.96) for KIV-2, &lt;24 vs &gt;35 number of repeats; and 0.89 (0.81–0.97) for rs10455872 carriers (heterozygotes + homozygotes) vs noncarriers. The corresponding hazard ratios were 0.89 (0.82–0.98) for heterozygotes and 0.59 (0.36–0.98) for homozygotes separately vs rs10455872 noncarriers. Also, for a 1 standard deviation higher lipoprotein(a) (= 310 mg/L), the hazard ratio for major bleeding in the brain and airways was 0.95 (95%CI: 0.91–1.00) observationally, 0.89 (0.80–0.98) causally based on LPA KIV-2 number of repeats, and 0.94 (0.87–1.02) causally based on LPA rs10455872.CONCLUSIONSHigh lipoprotein(a) concentrations were associated with lower risk of major bleeding in the brain and airways observationally and causally. This indicates that lipoprotein(a) may play a role in hemostasis and wound healing.
Revisiting reuse for approximate query processing
Authors: Galakatos Alex , Crotty Andrew , Zgraggen Emanuel , Binnig Carsten , Kraska Tim 
Published: September 2017

Visual data exploration tools allow users to quickly gather insights from new datasets. As dataset sizes continue to increase, though, new techniques will be necessary to maintain the interactivity guarantees that these tools require. Approximate query processing (AQP) attempts to tackle this problem and allows systems to return query results at "human speed." However, existing AQP techniques start to break down when confronted with ad hoc queries that target the tails of the distribution.
We therefore present an AQP formulation that can provide low-error approximate results at interactive speeds, even for queries over rare subpopulations. In particular, our formulation treats query results as random variables in order to leverage the ample opportunities for result reuse inherent in interactive data exploration. As part of our approach, we apply a variety of optimization techniques that are based on probability theory, including new query rewrite rules and index structures. We implemented these techniques in a prototype system and show that they can achieve interactivity where alternative approaches cannot.
Caribou
Authors: István Zsolt , Sidler David , Alonso Gustavo 
Published: September 2017

The ever increasing amount of data being handled in data centers causes an intrinsic inefficiency: moving data around is expensive in terms of bandwidth, latency, and power consumption, especially given the low computational complexity of many database operations.
In this paper we explore near-data processing in database engines, i.e., the option of offloading part of the computation directly to the storage nodes. We implement our ideas in Caribou, an intelligent distributed storage layer incorporating many of the lessons learned while building systems with specialized hardware. Caribou provides access to DRAM/NVRAM storage over the network through a simple key-value store interface, with each storage node providing high-bandwidth near-data processing at line rate and fault tolerance through replication. The result is a highly efficient, distributed, intelligent data storage that can be used to both boost performance and reduce power consumption and real estate usage in the data center thanks to the micro-server architecture adopted.
Conformally related Riemannian metrics with non-generic holonomy
Authors: Moroianu Andrei 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper we show that if a compact connected n-dimensional manifold M has a conformal class containing two non-homothetic metrics
g and

g
~

=

e

2
⁢
φ

⁢
g

{\tilde{g}=e^{2\varphi}g}

with non-generic holonomy, then after passing to a finite covering, either

n
=
4

{n=4}

and

(
M
,
g
,

g
~

)

{(M,g,\tilde{g})}

is an ambikähler manifold, or

n
≥
6

{n\geq 6}

is even and

(
M
,
g
,

g
~

)

{(M,g,\tilde{g})}

is obtained by the Calabi Ansatz from a polarized Hodge manifold of dimension

n
-
2

{n-2}

, or both g and

g
~

{\tilde{g}}

have reducible holonomy, M is locally diffeomorphic to a product

M
1

×

M
2

×

M
3

{M_{1}\times M_{2}\times M_{3}}

, the metrics g and

g
~

{\tilde{g}}

can be written as

g
=

g
1

+

g
2

+

e

-

2
⁢
φ

⁢

g
3

and

g
~

=

e

2
⁢
φ

⁢

(

g
1

+

g
2

)

+

g
3

{g=g_{1}+g_{2}+e^{-2\varphi}g_{3}}\quad\text{and}\quad{\tilde{g}=e^{2\varphi}(%
g_{1}+g_{2})+g_{3}}

for some Riemannian metrics

g
i

{g_{i}}

on

M
i

{M_{i}}

, and φ is the pull-back of a non-constant function on

M
2

{M_{2}}

.
„Penta-/Hexapolisvon Libya“. Städtebünde und provinzialer Kaiserkult in Cyrenaica
Authors: Cigaina Lorenzo , Vitale Marco 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung:In der ausgehenden Republik wurden Creta und Cyrenaica zu einer Doppelprovinz vereint. Während ein provinzialeskoinonin Creta bereits für den Zeitpunkt der Provinzeinrichtung bezeugt ist, fehlen für Cyrenaica mit Ausnahme einer beschädigten Mosaikinschrift aus Kyrene des 2. Jh. n. Chr. explizite Belege einer solchen Institution. Aufgrund der sparsamen Quellenlage äußert ein Großteil der modernen Forschung Zweifel an der Existenz eines provinzialenkoinonvon Cyrenaica oder verneint eine solche gar gänzlich. Die vorliegende Studie versucht, alle relevanten literarischen, epigraphischen, numismatischen und archäologischen Quellen für die Zeit der Ptolemäer (Mitte des 3. Jh. v. Chr.) bis zur Spätantike (Ende 4. Anfang 5. Jh. n. Chr.) systematisch zusammenzutragen und in Bezug auf ein provinzialeskoinonkritisch zu hinterfragen. Eine Landtagsorganisation Cyrenaicas scheint in den Quellen mehrfach erwähnt zu sein: etwa alspentapolisoder, nach der Gründung von Hadrianopolis, alshexapolisund später alskoinon,ethnosoder unter dem EthnikonCyrenenses. Als oberste Landtagsfunktionäre erscheinenLibyarchaiundArchiereis. Neben den Zeugnissen zur politischen Vertretung der Provinzialen in Form von Gesandtschaften nach Rom, lassen sich gewichtige Indizien für ein provinzialeskoinonauch im Kontext der archäologischen Topographie der Polis Kyrene finden, so wie etwa deren Titel als Metropolis sowie provinzweite Kulte und Festspiele zu Ehren des Kaisers, der mit den traditionellen kyrenaischen Hauptgottheiten Zeus Ammon und Apollon assoziiert wurde.
Trypsinogen activation peptide induces HMGB1 release from rat pancreatic acinar cells
Authors: Wang Guoliang , Liu Yan , Dui Danhua , Bai Liang , Liu Yao , Tian Fei , Wei Wei 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
The development of acute pancreatitis (AP) is associated with intracellular events in pancreatic cells, as well as with early and late inflammatory responses; however, their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated trypsinogen activation peptide (TAP)-induced release of high mobility group box-l (HMGB1) from pancreatic acinar cells and how ethyl pyruvate (EP) affects this release.

Methodology
Pancreatic acinar cells from Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, TAP (administered TAP), and EP (administered TAP and EP) groups. Cells were collected at 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after TAP administration to detect HMGB1 mRNA and protein levels using quantitative PCR (qPCR) and Western blotting, respectively.

Results
The TAP and EP groups exhibited higher levels of HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression (P<0.05) than the control group. The HMGB1 mRNA and protein expression levels also increased with prolonged TAP activity (P<0.05)–especially at 12 and 24 hours (P<0.01)–and showed positive correlations with TAP activity duration (3, 6, 12, and 24 hours) (r=0.971, P<0.01; r=0.966, P<0.01, respectively).

Conclusion
TAP induces HMGB1 release from pancreatic acinar cells. A positive temporal link exists between early TAP activity and late HMGB1 expression in AP, and EP inhibits HMGB1 release.