bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biocontrol of Soybean Charcoal Root Rot Disease by Using Trichoderma spp.
Authors: Barari H. , Foroutan A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMacrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid, causing charcoal rot disease of soybean, is one of the major factors threatening soybean production, especially in dry years. This pathogen remains the prevailing causal agent of charcoal rot disease that significantly suppresses the yield of a variety of oilseed crops. Its wide host range and ability to survive under arid conditions, coupled with the ineffective use of fungicides against it, have spurred scientific endeavours for alternative avenues to control this phytopathogen. Hence, the present study aimed to provide empirical evidence of the efficacy of fungal isolates of Trichoderma spp. as biological control agents against charcoal rot in soybean (Glycine max L.). In this study Trichoderma harzianum strains 6, 14, 17, 21, 44, T. asperellum 26 and T. virens 32 were evaluated as potential biological agents for control of this disease. Mycelial growth of M. phaseolina strain h-7 was reduced by cell-free and volatile metabolites of Trichoderma strains by 16.4 to 64.8%. T. harzianum strain Tj17 significantly (p≤0.05) reduced the incidence (to 7.3%) and severity (to 3%) of disease 42 days after inoculation and increased the 1000 grain weight (to 178 g) in greenhouse conditions. For confirmation of the greenhouse tests, the selected antagonists were re-examined in field trials, where this isolate reduced the disease incidence (to 10%) and severity (to 3%). The overall results of this study show high capability of used antagonists in reduction of disease severity and incidence, and resulting in increased weight of the product. Hence, the findings reported in the present study supported the applicability of Tj17 isolate as possible alternative to fungicides for the control of charcoal rot in soybean.
Essential Oil and Microelement Composition of Thymus citriodorus L. and Lippia citriodora H.B.K.
Authors: Kizil S. , Tonçer Ö. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora H.B.K., Verbenaceae family) is indigenous to South America and cultivated as an aromatic plant in various parts of world. Lemon thyme (Thymus citriodorus L.), Lamiaceae family, is a perennial medicinal plant native to southern Europe and is cultivated in the Mediterranean region. These species are cultivated mainly for the lemon-like aroma emitted from their leaves due to the presence of dimethyl-2,6- octadienal, also known as lemonal or citral, which is used in food and perfumery for its citrus effect. The aim of this study was to determine the mineral content and essential oil components of L. citriodora and T. citriodorus plants grown under semi-arid climatic conditions in Turkey. The aerial parts of lemon thyme and lemon verbena plants were extracted using hydrodistillation. The essential oil composition was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the microelement contents of the herbs were examined via inductively coupled plasmaoptical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The microelement contents were 0.249, 1.630, 16.41, 0.106, and 13.1-36.2 mg kg-1 for cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn), respectively, in lemon thyme, and 0.275, 4.584, 248.1, 15.71, and 1.803 mg kg-1 for Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and zinc (Zn), respectively, in lemon verbena. Fifty compounds were identified in lemon verbena essential oil, including limonene (30.33%), trans-citral (17%), cis-citral (12.77%), caryophyllene oxide (5.71%), and geraniol acetate (4.02%) that together constituted 99.86% of the oil composition. We also identified 22 compounds constituting approximately 85.11% of lemon thyme essential oil, including transgeraniol (30.07%), trans-citral (15.06%), cis-citral (11.71%), cis-geraniol (7.65%), and 3-octanol (6.18%).
Ratings of Investment Appeal of Regions of Russia as a Tool of Assessment of Region Management Efficiency
Authors: Bondarenko Irina 
Published: July 2016

Summary
One of a determinant of region management efficiency is sustainable economic development that is based on active attraction of investments and business development in the region. Thus, appeal of the region for investments can used as an indicator of authorities’ efficiency in the region. The article considers possibility of application of independent ratings of regions for an assessment of region management efficiency.
Tourist Destination Strenghts and Opportunities: Is Montenegro Ready for Chinese Tourists?
Authors: Stranjančević Ana , Bulatović Iva , Lacmanović Darko , Raspor Andrej 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Since Chinese outbound tourism currently represents the largest outbound tourist market, the opportunities for tourism of Montenegro in the Chinese tourist market should be certainly examined.
The aim of this paper is to analyze the relevant data about Chinese tourists who are visiting Montenegro: their specific demographic characteristics, travel habits and main motivation, but also to identify the possible ways to increase the number of Chinese tourists in Montenegro in future.
For the purpose of this paper, two years long empirical research was conducted among Chinese tourists in Montenegro with the help of questionnaire. Several interviews with representatives of tourism sector in Montenegro were carried out as well.
The authors have concluded that only after the total adjustment of Montenegro tourist offer to the Chinese tourists’ preferences, Montenegro could be completely ready for intensive acceptance of Chinese tourists. What’s more, in order to attract larger number of Chinese tourists, the effective marketing policy of Montenegro as a tourist destination should be created in that direction and as well the specialized tourism promotion at the Chinese market should be carried out.
Banking Sector of the Republic of Serbian in Terms of Transition
Authors: Ćurić Predrag , Topić Rodoljub , Vilendečić Bojana 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Privatisation of the banking sector is an inseparable part of development strategies used by the countries in transition. The process of transition and building a financial and market-oriented system is a complex and long-term task which, in addition to a variety of legal arrangements, involves also several institutional options, such as the Central Bank of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Banking Agency of the Republic of Srpska and Banja Luka Stock Exchange of Securities. The transition process of the banking sector in the Republic of Srpska was not implemented by rehabilitation of existing domestic banks, but by opening the banking system for the entry of foreign, more efficient banks. The level of trust in the banking sector grew in parallel with the process of bank privatisation and the arrival of foreign banks. Throughout the previous period, all the banks in the Republic of Srpska recorded a significant increase in the amount of deposits and loans placed, which implies the growth of investment and economic activities, therefore indicating the increase of the Republic of Srpska’s GDP in general. These are positive trends that demonstrate a decrease in the current lagging behind the European Union.
Labour Relations of Members of Cooperatives in the Slovak Republic / Pracovné Vzťahy Členov Družstiev Na Slovensku
Authors: Seilerová Monika 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The issue of labour relations between a cooperative and its members is a quite few frequent subject of interest in the area of scientific public. Specificities of previous legislation of the position of members of cooperatives whose members’ relations are determined by the labour - law relations are also reflected in the current regulation. There absent rational reason of different approach. In the paper we deal with a short consideration of coherence between the Labour Code and the Commercial Code of the Slovak republic, highlighting the importance of the statutes of the cooperative. We also deal with the theoretical and practical issues resulting from analyzed acts with the effort to appeal to the necessity of unification the legislation of labour relations of nonmembers of cooperative with relations of members of cooperative. The basic consideration de lege ferenda is to constitute the conformity of current regulation to prevent the application uncertainty.
Fungi colonising oak seedlings (Quercus robur L.) in forest plantations in north-eastern Poland
Authors: Gorzkowska Alicja , Pszczółkowska Agnieszka , Okorski Adam , Nowakowska Justyna A. , Oszako Tomasz 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Fungi colonising oak seedlings in forest plantations in north-eastern Poland were identified in 2014-2015. The evaluated 4- to 6-year bare root oaks originated from the Olsztynek Forest District (Regional Directorate of the State Forests in Olsztyn). In total, 744 fungal isolates belonging to 11 different species, and 11 genera, were identified in tested plants. Amongst them, 186 cultures (25%) were classified as plant pathogens. The most commonly isolated pathogenic fungi belonged to the Fusarium and Cylindrocarpon genera.
On Legal Positivism’s Word and our ‘Form-of-(non-)Living’
Authors: Siliquini-Cinelli Luca 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper is about two stories. The more reassuring one states that by establishing that a norm is valid because of its source, not its merit, legal positivism is, in its various forms, perhaps one of the greatest achievements in Western legal theory and practice. From constitutionalism to human rights policies, from criminal to international law and free trade agreements, from contracts to torts and e-commerce, legal validity, predictability, and coherence have found their most powerful ally in positivist thought. This contribution argues that it is time for a different, neorealist story: the metaphysical, ontological and biopolitical essence of its language demonstrates that legal positivism has in fact played a fundamental role in the substitution of action with behaviour, and consequently, in the normalisation of humankind’s self-annihilating animality as post-historical and post-political ‘form-of-(non-)living.’
Diversified occupation and communication program versions for persons with acquired neurological damage and multiple disabilities
Authors: Lancioni Giulio E. , Singh Nirbhay N. , O’Reilly Mark F. , Sigafoos Jeff , D’Amico Fiora , Buonocunto Francesca , Navarro Jorge , Lanzilotti Crocifissa , Alberti Gloria 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBackground:Persons with acquired neurological damage and multiple disabilities can be largely dependent on their caregivers, unless technology-aided programs are available to support them.Objective:This study extended the assessment of a technology-aided program recently developed to help these persons achieve independent occupations and communicate effectively.Subjects:Seven participants were involved in the study.Method:The program relied on: (a) a computer for presenting the occupation and communication options (e.g. songs, television, and text messaging); and (b) microswitches for helping the participants access those options with small responses. The program was diversified (in terms of options available and responses/microswitches used) according to the participants’ characteristics and interests, and thus multiple program versions were set up and assessed.Results:The participants successfully used the individualized versions of the program and, accordingly, managed independent occupation and communication (i.e. remaining engaged for means of about 60%–90% of the session times).Conclusion:A technology-aided program can be adapted to persons with acquired neurological damage and multiple disabilities to support their independent occupations and communication engagements.
The Asymmetric Implementation of the European Banking Union (EBU): Consequences for Financial Stability
Authors: Vollmer Uwe 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
EU Member States outside the Eurozone are hesitating to enter the European Banking Union (EBU) and to establish “close cooperation” in bank supervision with the ECB. This paper analyzes the consequences of such asymmetric integration for financial stability in Europe. It argues that the main obstacles against establishing close cooperation are a lack of voting rights and insufficient access to the fiscal backstop provided by the European Stability Mechanism (ESM). The paper presents arguments as to why international cooperation in bank supervision could be welfare improving, if multinational banks are dominant. It also discusses suitable reform options for making it more attractive for EU Member States to begin a close cooperation with the ECB.
Biobanks and Public Health: A New Challenge for Public Engagement and Trust
Authors: Caenazzo Luciana , Tozzo Pamela 
Published: July 2016

SummaryModem biobanks should be considered as important structural platforms for sharing samples and data, providing benefits that go beyond those of a single study. To increase the impact of biobanking on feasible strategies to protect and improve peoples’ health, it could be useful to increase awareness about biobank research potential in the scientific community, as well as to promote collaboration among different fields of expertise. The basis for involvement of biobanks in public health has already been partly built up, emphasising the synergy in organising efforts and the openness to infrastructure collaboration, to ensure reliable long-term funding and resource sharing to the benefit of all. To obtain the maximum benefits possible from biobanks, which currently constitute a set of heterogeneous structures, a strategy of coordinated governance is needed, based on harmonisation of different aspects, built on the consensus of all stakeholders involved and society in general. It is important that researchers strive to understand public attitudes in this biobanking involvement so that the relationships between public trust in biobanking, donors’ behaviours and support for public-health involvement in the health-care system can be better understood.
Sperm DNA Integrity Test and Assisted Reproductive Technology (Art) Outcome
Authors: Rilcheva Violeta S. , Ayvazova Nina P. , Ilieva Lyubomira O. , Ivanova Svetlana P. , Konova Emiliana I. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryThe objective of the study was to investigate the influence of sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) by DNA integrity test on pregnancy outcome and pregnancy loss after assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedure: autologous intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), donation eggs ICSI, and intrauterine insemination (IUI). We investigated men from 531 couples undergoing autologous ICSI procedure (n=416), from couples undergoing donation eggs procedure (n=39) and IUI (n=76). We performed the following interventions: semen analysis, DNA integrity test, embryo scoring by Gardner and Schoolcraft grading system (1999). The study showed no statistically significant differences between the group regarding pregnancy rate (χ2=0.55; p>0.05; OR=1.25, 95% Cl 1.23-1.46; p>0.05). However, with increased levels of DFI, the number of pregnancy losses became higher (including biochemical pregnancies and spontaneous abortions) at OR=5.65 (95% Cl 4.32-7.11; p=0.05). We examined the percentage of grade I blastocysts (by Gardner and Schoolcraft, 1999) before donation eggs embryo transfer and found a statistically significant correlation with both the DFI (χ2=7.80; p<0.05) and sperm morphology (χ2=6.14; p<0.05). Analysis of the relationship between DFI and IUI output (clinical pregnancy, miscarriage) revealed significant correlations in both directions: between DFI and pregnancy rate after IUI (χ2=6.29; p<0.05) and between the DFI and pregnancy development after IUI (χ2=6.87; p<0.05). The three group categories (autologous, heterologous ICSI procedures and IUI) studied showed that sperm samples with DFI>27% were associated with increased riskofearlypregnancyloss. Men with infertility should undergo DNA fragmentation assay in addition to the standard semen analysis. When DFI exceeds 27%, ICSI should be a method of choice, even in cases where the conventional parameters of semen analysis tests are normal.
Risk Cluster Associated with Social Drinking in Adolescence
Authors: Chamova Galya D. , Sarov Georgi M. 
Published: July 2016

Summary
Recent scientific evidence has shown that risk behaviors tend to form a risk cluster, but less attention is paid to clustering ability of light forms of risky behavior like social drinking. The objective of the study was to analyze the risk clustering potential of social drinking. We conducted a survey using a self-completed questionnaire. Of 903 students (aged 15-19), 279 (30.9%) were found to be abstainers (NDA), and 455 (50.39%) were social drinkers (SDA). These two groups were compared statistically, concerning smoking and drugs use among them and their significant others. SDAs were more likely to smoke (OR=3.29; 95% Cl 2.35-4.59) than NDAs but not more likely to use soft drugs. Their fathers (OR=1.4; 95% Cl 1.04-1.89), friends (OR=1.78; 95% Cl 1.31-2.42) and lovers (OR=2.01; 95% Cl 1.39-2.89) were also significantly more likely to smoke, but only friends were more likely to use soft drugs (OR=1.75; 95% Cl 1.19- 2.58). SDAs were also more likely to start smoking in order to be closer to their peers (OR=l .84; 95% Cl 1.01- 3.37) and to smoke when communicate with peers (OR=2.12; 95% Cl 1.40-3.21). Risk clustering in social drinking adolescents is limited to smoking and does not expand to drug use, irrespective of provocation by friends. Heavy smoking among SDAs’ significant others might contribute for SDA smoking. So SDAs seem to be resistant to the psycho-social mechanisms adding drug use to drinking but sensitive to psycho-social mechanisms adding smoking to drinking.
Tensile Split Hopkinson Bar Technique: Numerical Analysis of the Problem of Wave Disturbance and Specimen Geometry Selection
Authors: Panowicz Robert , Janiszewski Jacek 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
A method of tensile testing of materials in dynamic conditions based on a slightly modified compressive split Hopkinson bar system using a shoulder is described in this paper. The main goal was to solve, with the use of numerical modelling, the problem of wave disturbance resulting from application of a shoulder, as well as the problem of selecting a specimen geometry that enables to study the phenomenon of high strain-rate failure in tension. It is shown that, in order to prevent any interference of disturbance with the required strain signals at a given recording moment, the positions of the strain gages on the bars have to be correctly chosen for a given experimental setup. Besides, it is demonstrated that - on the basis of simplified numerical analysis - an appropriate gage length and diameter of a material specimen for failure testing in tension can be estimated.
Voltage Dependence of Supercapacitor Capacitance
Authors: Szewczyk Arkadiusz , Sikula Josef , Sedlakova Vlasta , Majzner Jiri , Sedlak Petr , Kuparowitz Tomas 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Electronic Double-Layer Capacitors (EDLC), called Supercapacitors (SC), are electronic devices that are capable to store a relatively high amount of energy in a small volume comparing to other types of capacitors. They are composed of an activated carbon layer and electrolyte solution. The charge is stored on electrodes, forming the Helmholtz layer, and in electrolyte. The capacitance of supercapacitor is voltage- dependent. We propose an experimental method, based on monitoring of charging and discharging a supercapacitor, which enables to evaluate the charge in an SC structure as well as the Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) dependence. The measurement setup, method and experimental results of charging/discharging commercially available supercapacitors in various voltage and current conditions are presented. The total charge stored in an SC structure is proportional to the square of voltage at SC electrodes while the charge on electrodes increases linearly with the voltage on SC electrodes. The Helmholtz capacitance increases linearly with the voltage bias while a sublinear increase of total capacitance was found. The voltage on SC increases after the discharge of electrodes due to diffusion of charges from the electrolyte to the electrodes. We have found that the recovery voltage value is linearly proportional to the initial bias voltage value.
Examinations of Selected Thermal Properties of Packages of SiC Schottky Diodes
Authors: Bisewski Damian , Myśliwiec Marcin , Górecki Krzysztof , Kisiel Ryszard , Zarębski Janusz 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This paper describes the study of thermal properties of packages of silicon carbide Schottky diodes. In the paper the packaging process of Schottky diodes, the measuring method of thermal parameters, as well as the results of measurements are presented. The measured waveforms of transient thermal impedance of the examined diodes are compared with the waveforms of this parameter measured for commercially available Schottky diodes.
Estimation of Flight Path Deviations for SAR Radar Installed on UAV
Authors: Łabowski Michał , Kaniewski Piotr , Konatowski Stanisław 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
The paper presents a method of calculation of position deviations from a theoretical, nominally rectilinear trajectory for a SAR imaging system installed on board of UAV. The UAV on-board system consists of a radar sensor, an antenna system, a SAR processor and a navigation system. The main task of the navigation part is to determine the vector of differences between the theoretical and the measured trajectories of UAV center of gravity. The paper includes chosen results of experiments obtained during ground and flight tests.
Introducing Idioms in the Galician WordNet:
Methods, Problems and Results
Authors: Álvarez de la Granja María , Gómez Clemente Xosé María , Gómez Guinovart Xavier 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This study describes the introduction of verbal idioms in the Galician language version (Galnet) of
the semantic network WordNet; a network that does not traditionally include many phraseological units. To
enhance Galnet, a list of 803 Galician verbal idioms was developed to then review each of them individually
and assess whether they could be introduced in an existing WordNet synset (a group of synonyms expressing
the same concept) or not. Of those 803 idioms, 490 (61%) could be included in this network. Besides, Galnet
was enlarged with 750 extra verbal idioms, most of them synonyms or variants of the former. In this study,
we present the working methodology for the experiment and an analysis of the results, to help understand
the most important problems found when trying to introduce idioms in Galnet. We also discuss the reasons
preventing the inclusion of some expressions, and the criteria used to introduce the idioms that finally
made it into the network.