bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with acute gastrointestinal injury: prospective observational study
Authors: Wang Youquan , Li Yanhua , Zhang Yuhan , Wang Huimei , Li Yuting , Zhang Liying , Zhang Chaoyang , Gao Meng , Li Hongxiang , Zhang Dong 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveDeveloping and validating a clinical prediction nomogram of 28-day mortality in critically ill patients with acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI).MethodsFirstly, the construction of a clinical prediction model was developed using data obtained from a prospective observational study from May 2023 to April 2024. Then, data from a prospective multicenter observational study conducted in the intensive care units of 12 teaching hospitals in 2014 were utilized to independently and externally validate the clinical prediction model developed in the first part. We first screened the covariates of the development cohort by univariate cox regression, and then carried out cox regression analysis on the development cohort by backward stepwise regression to determine the optimal fitting model. Subsequently, a nomogram was derived from this model.ResultsA total of 1102 and 379 patients, 28-day mortality occurred in 20.3% and 15.8% of patients respectively, were included in the development and validation cohort, respectively. We developed a nomogram in critically ill patients with AGI and the AGI grade, APACHE II score, Mechanical ventilation (MV), Feeding intolerance (FI) and daily calorie intake (DCI) in 72 h, were independent predictors of 28-day mortality, with the OR of the AGI grade was 1.910 (95% CI, 1.588–2.298; P &lt; 0.001), the OR of APACHE II score was 1.099 (95% CI, 1.069–1.130; P &lt; 0.001), the OR of MV was 1.880 (95% CI, 1.215–2.911; P = 0.005), the OR of FI was 3.453 (95% CI, 2.414–4.939; P &lt; 0.001) and the DCI &gt; 0.7 or &lt; 0.5 of calorie target is associated with increased 28-day mortality, with OR of 1.566 (95% CI, 1.024–2.395; P = 0.039) and 1.769 (95% CI, 1.170–2.674; P = 0.007), respectively. Independent external validation of the prediction model was performed. This model has good discrimination and calibration. The DCA and CIC also validated the good clinical utility of the nomogram.ConclusionThe prediction of 28-day mortality can be conveniently facilitated by the nomogram that integrates AGI grade, APACHE II score, MV, FI and DCI in 72 h in critically ill patients with AGI.
Tobacco- and alcohol-attributable burden of early-onset lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancer in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019, with projections to 2040
Authors: Dai Xingzhu , Liang Yuanhao 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundRising trends in early-onset Lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) and Other pharyngeal cancer (OPC) burden had been observed. This study aimed to evaluate the burdens of LOC and OPC attributable to tobacco and alcohol in young adults aged 15-49 years from 1990 to 2040.MethodsTobacco- and alcohol-attributable death and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for LOC and OPC and the corresponding population-attributable fraction were obtained from Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 for individuals aged 15-49 years. Estimated annual percent change was calculated to quantify the temporal trend of disease burden between 1990 and 2019. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the age-standardized mortality rate from 2020 to 2040.ResultsIn 2019, an estimated 16,887 deaths and 799,495 DALYs for tobacco- and alcohol-attributable early-onset LOC, and 8,402 deaths and 386,418 DALYs for early-onset OPC attributable to tobacco and alcohol were reported globally. Despite the global decrease in age-standardized mortality and DALYs rates of tobacco- and alcohol-attributable LOC and OPC in young adults aged 15-49 years between 1990 and 2019, certain regions experienced increases, such as regions of Asia, Eastern Europe, and Western Sub-Saharan Africa. Moreover, a growing age-standardized mortality in individuals aged &lt;34 years was found. The socio-demographic index level was positively associated with a faster reduction of early-onset LOC and OPC DALYs attributable to alcohol use and smoking, except for that due to chewing tobacco. Furthermore, projections have also indicated an expected increase in the age-standardized mortality for tobacco- and alcohol-attributable early-onset LOC and OPC.ConclusionsSignificant regional and demographic disparities in tobacco and alcohol-related early-onset LOC and OPC burden and their attributable proportion highlight a need for tailored age- and region-appropriate interventions to reduce the future LOC and OPC burden among young adults.
Long-term exposure to BAY2416964 reduces proliferation, migration and recapitulates transcriptional changes induced by AHR loss in PyMT-induced mammary tumor cells
Authors: Olafsen Ninni Elise , Das Siddhartha , Gorrini Chiara , Matthews Jason 
Published: October 2024

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor which in certain cancer types drives pro-survival processes that facilitate tumorigenesis, malignant cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. Much of AHR’s pro-tumorigenic action is due to its activation by the oncometabolite, kynurenine. Because of this AHR antagonists are being actively investigated as new anti-tumor therapy. In this study we compared the effects of treatment with the AHR antagonists, BAY2416964 and GNF351, to that of AHR knockout in PyMT murine mammary cancer cells. BAY2416964 and GNF351 effectively inhibited kynurenine-dependent increases in Cyp1a1 and Cyp1b1 mRNA levels. CRISPR/Cas9-generated PyMT AhrKO cells exhibited reduced cell proliferation compared with controls, but treatment with 1 μM BAY2416964 for 96 h had no effect on the proliferation of wildtype cells. To further examine the differences between AHR knockout and short term BAY2416964, we generated long-term BAY2416964 (LT-BAY) cells by exposing wildtype cells to 1 μM BAY2416964 for at least 6 weeks. Similar to AhrKO cells, LT-BAY cells exhibited reduced cell proliferation and migration compared with wildtype cells. No differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in wildtype cells exposed to 1 μM BAY2416964 for 24 h; however, 46.4% of DEGs overlapped between AhrKO and LT-BAY cells including gene regulated cell proliferation. Our data reveal long-term pharmacological inhibition of AHR by BAY2416964 closely resembles AHR loss in a mouse model of breast cancer.
Facilitation of motor adaptation using multiple gait rehabilitation interventions
Authors: Hoque Adila , Kim Seok Hun , Reed Kyle B. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe rate of adjustment in a movement, driven by feedback error, is referred to as the adaptation rate, and the rate of recovery of a newly adapted movement to its unperturbed condition is called the de-adaptation rate. The rates of adaptation and de-adaptation are dependent on the training mechanism and intrinsic factors such as the participant's sensorimotor abilities. This study investigated the facilitation of the motor adaptation and de-adaptation processes for spatiotemporal features of an asymmetric gait pattern by sequentially applying split-belt treadmill (SBT) and asymmetric rhythmic auditory cueing (ARAC).MethodsTwo sessions tested the individual gait characteristics of SBT and ARAC, and the remaining four sessions consisted of applying the two interventions sequentially during training. The adjustment process to the second intervention is referred to as “re-adaptation” and is driven by feedback error associated with the second intervention.ResultsTen healthy individuals participated in the randomized six-session trial. Spatiotemporal asymmetries during the adaptation and post-adaptation (when intervention is removed) stages were fitted into a two-component exponential model that reflects the explicit and implicit adaptation processes. A double component was shown to fit better than a single-component model. The decay constants of the model were indicative of the corresponding timescales and compared between trials. Results revealed that the explicit (fast) component of adaptation to ARAC was reduced for step length and step time when applied after SBT. Contrarily, the explicit component of adaptation to SBT was increased when it was applied after ARAC for step length. Additionally, the implicit (slow) component of adaptation to SBT was inhibited when applied incongruently after ARAC for step time.DiscussionThese outcomes show that the role of working motor memory as a translational tool between different gait interventions is dependent on (i) the adaptation mechanisms associated with the interventions, (ii) the targeted motor outcome of the interventions; the effects of factors (i) and (ii) are specific to the explicit and implicit components of the adaptation processes; these effects are unique to spatial and temporal gait characteristics.
First results of the surface water ocean topography (SWOT) observations to rivers elevation profiles in the Cuvette Centrale of the Congo Basin
Authors: Normandin Cassandra , Frappart Frédéric , Baghdadi Nicolas , Bourrel Luc , Peña Luque Santiago , Ygorra Bertrand , Kitambo Benjamin , Papa Fabrice , Riazanoff Serge , Wigneron Jean-Pierre 
Published: October 2024

Rivers play a crucial role in maintaining ecosystems and regional climates, while also providing essential water for irrigation and drinking. With the increasing impacts of climate change and human activities, rivers are becoming more prone to extreme events (droughts and floods) and induced erosion/deposition processes, making water-related risk management more challenging. The recent launch of the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, which focuses on continental surfaces with a spatial resolution of 100 m, has opened new avenues for applications in hydrology, hydrodynamics, and geomorphology. This study examines the initial results of the SWOT mission for sixteen rivers (ranging in width from 50 to 2,000 m) in the Cuvette Centrale of the Congo Basin, obtained in April 2023 during the fast sampling phase. The study assesses water surface elevations (WSE) and backscatter coefficient (σ0) measured from SWOT. Comparisons of WSE with data from other radar altimetry missions (Sentinel-3A and 3B, Jason-3, and Sentinel-6A) and GEDI data show high correlation coefficients of 0.977 (with a bias of 0.538 m) and 0.992 (with a bias of 1.011 m), respectively. The first maps of WSE slopes show realistic values, even in rivers less than 100 m wide, with steeper slopes upstream. Various WSE longitudinal profiles are retrieved with unprecedented spatial resolution, surpassing what other nadir altimetry missions have achieved. The σ0 values, between −10 and 20 dB on average, also appear consistent with other studies. These promising initial results pave the way for future studies on fluvial geomorphology dynamics and erosion/deposition processes from the new SWOT observations.
“A Man With a Loving Heart”: A Systematic Review of Male Involvement in Cervical Cancer Screening in Africa
Authors: Maseko Teluleko N. , Tsoka-Gwegweni Joyce M. , Dlamini Xolisile 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveThis review assessed men’s involvement and the predictors of their involvement in cervical cancer screening.MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the following electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, African, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search was limited to articles published between January 2010 and January 2023.ResultsA total of 17 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included for this review. More than 50% of the studies emphasised the relevance of male involvement in cervical cancer prevention in Africa and demonstrated the critical importance of this as a strategy.ConclusionThe results revealed that a significant proportion of male participants had a restricted comprehension of cervical cancer. Nevertheless, they expressed their willingness to provide backing for cervical cancer screening contingent upon their informed consent.
Molecular Characterization of Sterol C4-Methyl Oxidase in Leishmania major
Authors: Ning Yu , Basu Somrita , Hsu Fong-fu , Feng Mei , Wang Michael Zhuo , Zhang Kai 
Published: October 2024

Sterol biosynthesis requires the oxidative removal of two methyl groups from the C-4 position by sterol C-4-demethylase and one methyl group from the C-14 position by sterol C-14-demethylase. In Leishmania donovani, a CYP5122A1 (Cytochrome P450 family 5122A1) protein was recently identified as the bona fide sterol C-4 methyl oxidase catalyzing the initial steps of C-4-demethylation. Besides CYP5122A1, Leishmania parasites possess orthologs to ERG25 (ergosterol pathway gene 25), the canonical sterol C-4 methyl oxidase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To determine the contribution of CYP5122A1 and ERG25 in sterol biosynthesis, we assessed the essentiality of these genes in Leishmania major, which causes cutaneous leishmaniasis. Like in L. donovani, CYP5122A1 in L. major could only be deleted in the presence of a complementing episome. Even with strong negative selection, L. major chromosomal CYP5122A1-null mutants retained the complementing episome in both promastigote and amastigote stages, demonstrating its essentiality. In contrast, the L. major ERG25-null mutants were fully viable and replicative in culture and virulent in mice. Deletion and overexpression of ERG25 did not affect the sterol composition, indicating that ERG25 is not required for C-4-demethylation. These findings suggest that CYP5122A1 is the dominant and possibly only sterol C-4 methyl oxidase in Leishmania, and inhibitors of CYP5122A1 may have strong therapeutic potential against multiple Leishmania species.
Investigating Anthrax-Associated Virulence Genes among Archival and Contemporary Bacillus cereus Group Genomes
Authors: Sabin Susanna J. , Beesley Cari A. , Marston Chung K. , Paisie Taylor K. , Gulvik Christopher A. , Sprenger Gregory A. , Gee Jay E. , Traxler Rita M. , Bell Melissa E. , McQuiston John R. , Weiner Zachary P. 
Published: October 2024

Bacillus anthracis causes anthrax through virulence factors encoded on two plasmids. However, non-B. anthracis organisms within the closely related, environmentally ubiquitous Bacillus cereus group (BCG) may cause an anthrax-like disease in humans through the partial adoption of anthrax-associated virulence genes, challenging the definition of anthrax disease. To elucidate these phenomena and their evolutionary past, we performed whole-genome sequencing on non-anthracis BCG isolates, including 93 archival (1967–2003) and 5 contemporary isolates (2019–2023). We produced annotated genomic assemblies and performed a pan-genome analysis to identify evidence of virulence gene homology and virulence gene acquisition by linear inheritance or horizontal gene transfer. At least one anthrax-associated virulence gene was annotated in ten isolates. Most homologous sequences in archival isolates showed evidence of pseudogenization and subsequent gene loss. The presence or absence of accessory genes, including anthrax-associated virulence genes, aligned with the phylogenetic structure of the BCG core genome. These findings support the hypothesis that anthrax-associated virulence genes were inherited from a common ancestor in the BCG and were retained or lost across different lineages, and contribute to a growing body of work informing public health strategies related to anthrax surveillance and identification.
Education Increasing Knowledge and Inherent Rights of Cauder and Women of Childbearing Age in the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Yanti Yulidar , Wardhani Sri Wisnu , Pascawati Riana , Samsiah Samsiah 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the biggest health problems in Indonesia and is the second highest cause of death after cardiovascular disease. The high number of cervical cancer sufferers is partly caused by a lack of awareness in efforts to prevent and control cervical cancer. One way to prevent it is by providing health literacy outreach about cervical cancer to the public in the form of health education. Mortality rates and high health costs can be reduced with effective early detection, one of which is by carrying out an IVA test. To reduce the risk of women getting cervical cancer, an awareness movement is needed about the dangers of cervical cancer.
Method: The community empowerment program was carried out in the Antapani sub-district area of Bandung City by providing education about cervical cancer to 10 cadres and 10 women of childbearing age
Objective: Increase knowledge about cervical cancer and independent participation of cadres and women of childbearing age to carry out IVA test.
Results: The results of community service show an increase in the average knowledge score of 2.8 points for WUS and an increase of 3.8 points for Mitra Cadre. There is a significant difference in the pretest and posttest knowledge scores for both the women of childbearing age group and the cadre group with a p value <0.05. There has been an increase in independent participation in IVA Test examinations from 1 person to 20 people.
Conclusion: Health education using booklets as an alternative can be used as an alternative to increase knowledge about cervical cancer

Keywords: Knowledge, independent participation, cervical cancer prevention
Cistoadenoma seroso do pâncreas simulando tumor neuroendócrino: relato de caso
Authors: Veras Lara Basílio Medeiros , Teixeira Amanda Nascimento , Medeiros Thiago Soares Godim , Batista Isadora  Maria Matias , Filho Lauro Lourival Lopes , Neto Luiz Bezerra , Monteiro Thadeu do Lago Baratta , Silva André Gonçalves da , Galiza Lais Moreira de , Ribeiro João Luis Vieira 
Published: October 2024

Entre as lesões císticas pancreáticas, o Cistoadenoma Seroso (CAS) pode ser encontrado com frequência na prática clínica, principalmente devido ao aumento na utilização de métodos de imagens axiais. Por tratar-se de lesão benigna e por ser assintomática na maioria dos casos, quando se apresenta de forma típica, opta-se por tratamento conservador. Entretando, algumas características de imagem do CAS podem sugerir malignidade, mimetizando, por exemplo, neoplasias mucinosas ou tumor neuroendócrino, como no caso em questão, tornando necessária a realização de cirurgia, com consequente aumento da morbidade. O objetivo do artigo é relatar o caso de um paciente submetido a pancreatectomia devido achados suspeitos de uma lesão pancreática sugestiva de tumor neuroendócrino em exame de Ressonância Magnética (RM), que teve o diagnóstico histopatológico de CAS. As informações foram obtidas por meio de revisão de prontuário, registro dos métodos diagnósticos e revisão de literatura. O caso relatado, além de mostrar que existem apresentações atípicas do cistoadenoma seroso de pâncreas, dificultando seu diagnóstico baseado apenas nos exames de imagem, mostra que faz-se necessário o surgimento de novos métodos diagnósticos aplicáveis capazes de reduzir o número de cirurgias desnecessárias em alguns pacientes.
Penerapan Metode Naïve Bayes Dalam Mengklasifikasi Penyakit ISPA di Puskesmas
Authors: Sonia Indhira  , Yuhandri  , Hendrik Billy 
Published: October 2024

Perkembangan teknologi indonesia yang semakin pesat telah menandakan adanya perubahan transisi pada era kehidupan manusia yang baru Kemajuan teknologi memberikan dampak terhadap berbagai macam bidang, khususnya pekerjaan didalam dunia kesehatan seperti di Rumah Sakit. Salah satu penyakit yaitu Infeksi Saluran Pernapasan Akut atau yang kita sering sebut ISPA merupakan infeksi yang terjadi pada bagian sinus, tenggorokan, saluran udara, atau paru-paru. Kejadian penyakit batuk pilek pada balita di Indonesia diperkirakan 3 sampai 6 kali per tahun, yang berarti seorang balita rata- rata mendapat serangan batuk pilek sebanyak 3 sampai 6 kali setahun. Selain itu dari virus dan bakteri banyak factor-faktor penyebab terjadinya infeksi yaitu salah satunya dari asap rokok, system kekebalan tubuh pada anak-anak, dan lanjut usia yang sangat lemah membuat mereka semakin rentan terhadap serangan virus atau bakteri yang menyebabkan gejala infeksi. ISPA menjadi salah satu penyakit terbanyak yang diderita oleh anak-anak, baik dinegara berkembang maupun dinegara maju. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasi penyakit ISPA di Puskesmas. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Naïve Bayes. Naïve Bayes dipilih karena merupakan salah satu dari metode pengklasifikasian yang simpel dan efisien. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini merupakan data dari kasus ISPA yang ada pada Puskesmas Muaro Bodi dengan total mencapai 2.678 kasus. Dari 21 Responden didapat hasil pengolahan menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes yang terdiri dari 6 Responden ISPA Berat, 8 Responden ISPA Ringan dan 7 Responden Tidak ISPA. Tujuan akhir dari proses Klasifikasi penyakit ISPA dengan presentase kelas Penyakit ISPA lebih besar dari kelas Tidak ISPA. Maka dapat dinyatakan model proses Naïve Bayes termasuk layak digunakan sebagai penentuan hasil keputusan yang baik dalam hal prediksi dan klasifikasi.
Penerapan Naive Bayes untuk Memilih Produk Berdasarkan Jenis Kulit di Toko Kosmetik
Authors: Honestya Gabriela , Defit Sarjon , Nurcahyo Gunadi Widi 
Published: October 2024

Pemilihan produk skincare dan kosmetik yang sesuai dengan jenis kulit wajah merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam menjaga kesehatan dan kecantikan kulit. Masih banyak ditemukan konsumen yang mengalami kesulitan dalam menentukan produk yang tepat sehingga menyebabkan beberapa permasalahan terhadap kulit wajah. Kesalahan dalam memilih produk dapat menyebabkan masalah kulit yang lebih serius. Diperlukan sistem rekomendasi yang dapat membantu konsumen dalam memilih produk yang tepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan persentase ketepatan dan kecocokan pemilihan produk skincare dan kosmetik dengan menggunakan metode Naïve Bayes, yang dapat membantu konsumen dalam memilih produk yang sesuai dengan jenis kulit wajah mereka. Studi kasus dilakukan di Inti Makeup Store Padang, di mana data dikumpulkan dari riwayat pembelian dan survei langsung kepada pelanggan. Metode Naïve Bayes dipilih karena kemampuannya dalam mengklasifikasikan data berdasarkan probabilitas, sehingga memungkinkan sistem untuk memberikan rekomendasi yang akurat berdasarkan jenis kulit wajah konsumen. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 1074 records dari 87 koresponden pelanggan Inti Makeup Store yang mencakup informasi tentang kecocokan pemakaian produk yang pernah mereka gunakan sebelumnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sistem rekomendasi yang dikembangkan mampu memberikan rekomendasi produk skincare dan kosmetik dengan tingkat akurasi kecocokan sebesar 93.18%, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kepuasan konsumen dalam memilih produk yang tepat. Penerapan metode Naïve Bayes dalam pemilihan produk skincare dan kosmetik tidak hanya bermanfaat bagi konsumen, tetapi juga dapat memberikan nilai tambah bagi toko dalam memahami kebutuhan pelanggan, mengoptimalkan stok dan meningkatkan penjualan produk. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi landasan bagi pengembangan lebih lanjut dalam bidang sistem rekomendasi produk kecantikan.
Kata kunci: Teknologi Informasi, Pemilihan Produk, Naive Bayes, Jenis Kulit Wajah, Inti Makeup Store.