bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Politeness and the Greek diaspora: Emic perceptions, situated experience, and a role for communicative context in shaping behaviors and beliefs
Authors: Murray Jill C. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPartial bilinguals who were born and raised in diaspora communities sometimes experience pragmatic failure when interacting with native speakers of their heritage language. This paper explores encounters among heritage and native speakers of Greek, focusing specifically on how the former conceptualize politeness, and how expectations may differ. Differences have been identified between Modern Greek and English: for example, the negotiation of the communication norms of a positive politeness society, – the management and mitigation of face threatening acts, the use of diminutives and terms of endearment, and the use of politeness markers and formulae. The present research explores how Greek and English politeness norms are conceptualized, experienced and managed by Australian-born heritage speakers of Greek. In semi-structured interviews of 1–1.5 hours’ duration, eliciting both general beliefs and small narratives of lived experience, Greek Australian participants were asked to reflect on their experiences communicating in Greek in a range of interpersonal contexts, including visits to Greece. The key concepts to emerge were directness, consideration and generosity, and respect, manifest in both behavior and language. Findings suggest that politeness expectations are at least partly shaped by experiences of communication with other members of the diaspora and with local and/or native speakers encountered during visits to Greece. A model is proposed for a range of situated interactions emerging from the data, which it is suggested can impact on politeness behavior and belief.
Politeness in power-asymmetrical e-mail requests of Korean and American corporate employees
Authors: Kim Sun Hee , Lee Hikyoung 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPrevious research on politeness tends to examine the inadequacy of non-native speakers’ pragmatic knowledge. In this study, we broaden our focus to the influence of different lingua-cultural values on politeness in simulated workplace e-mail requests of Korean and American corporate employees. By exploring differential perceptions towards power-asymmetry, this study investigates how and why politeness strategies are realized similarly and/or differently in and around the speech acts of requests in English. By quantitatively and qualitatively analyzing the elicited data, the study suggests that lingua-cultural values influenced perception and production in power-asymmetrical situations. Findings reveal that power is a more prominent factor than familiarity for Korean employees, but to a lesser extent for American employees when doing politeness in e-mail requests. Results showed that the underlying reasons for formulating requests differed not only between Korean and American employees but also between two Korean employee groups that differed according to depth of intercultural experience. This study contributes to recent research strands in intercultural pragmatics and communication by arguing that pragmatic strategies to express politeness in relation to power are culture specific with existing and newly reconstructed lingua-cultural values coming into play.
Communicative constructions of space in epistemic asymmetry: The case of German-Chinese university placement interviews
Authors: König Katharina , Zhu Qiang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPlacement interviews have become an important discourse genre at universities as they decide about access to social, monetary, or cultural resources. Despite their importance, hardly any linguistic studies deal with this particular discourse genre in academic communication. Using a conversation-analytic approach, we analyze a corpus of placement interviews in which representatives of a German university interview Chinese students applying for a study year at the German university. We examine how Chinese applicants present their second-hand knowledge about Germany and German universities in a conversation with university representatives who have first-hand knowledge about these spaces, i. e., we investigate how interviewers and interviewees deal with epistemic asymmetry when they construct and talk about academic spaces in China and Germany. While some aspects of German academia are situated in
Das AlltagsTrainingsProgramm (ATP)
Authors: Ammann Christian , Atzinger Sabine , Froböse Ingo 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Es ist wissenschaftlich erwiesen, dass zielgerichtete Bewegungs- und Trainingsinterventionen bei älteren Menschen zum Erhalt körperlicher Funktionen und zur langfristigen Selbstständigkeit im Alter beitragen können. Dennoch erfüllen immer noch sehr wenige Ältere die Bewegungsempfehlungen der WHO. Vor diesem Hintergrund hat die Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln in Zusammenarbeit mit der Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) und dem organisierten Sport das AlltagsTrainingsProgramm entwickelt und in einer Pilotphase getestet.
Der Siebte Altenbericht – was erfahren wir über das Thema gesundheitliche Versorgung älterer Menschen?
Authors: Klie Thomas 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der 7. Altenbericht, veröffentlicht am 11. Nov. 2016, verdeutlicht aus individueller, sozialstruktureller und regionaler Perspektive die Notwendigkeit differenzierter Antworten auf die Herausforderung, für alle Bürgerinnen und Bürger eine angemessene gesundheitliche Versorgung sicherzustellen und stellt dabei die häufig vernachlässigten Aspekte sozialer Ungleichheit heraus. Er betont die Notwendigkeit, das Gesundheitswesen zu dezentralisieren, den Kommunen eine zentrale Rolle zuzuweisen. Auch die Beteiligung anderer Gesundheitsfachberufe an der gesundheitlichen Versorgung und der Vernetzung und Koordination wird gefordert.
Constitutional Judicial Behavior: Exploring the Determinants of the Decisions of the French Constitutional Council
Authors: Espinosa Romain 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article empirically assesses the relevance of three theories of judicial decision-making for the French Constitutional Council. Our empirical analysis follows previous works by integrating more recent observations, and proposes a new methodology by exploiting new data for cases post 1995. After analyzing the 612 cases published between 1974 and 2013, we focus on cases post 1995 for which we know the exact composition of the court. Our results suggest that (1) political/ideological voting occurs, (2) Justices restrain themselves from invalidating laws, and (3) a court’s independence suffers from political power concentration in other institutions. All in all, these results suggest the need for a reform of the Constitutional Council to strengthen its independence.
Saussure and the will
Authors: Fadda Emanuele 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn his Geneva lectures in November 1891, Saussure stated a sort of “paradox of the will,” saying: “Can linguistic facts be said to be the result of acts of will? That is the question. The current science of language gives a positive answer. However, one should add immediately that … the linguistic act, if I might call it that, is characterized as being the least reflected on, the least premeditated, as well as the most impersonal of all.” This issue – shared with Michel Bréal – remains important in Saussure’s thought until the end, and it is possible to read some of the most important pages of his works in the light of this paradox – a kind of free will problem in a linguistic fashion. Such a focus on the will opens a different perspective on semiology (“For the distinguishing characteristic of the sign – but the one that is least apparent at first sight – is that in some way it always eludes the individual or social will”– as we read in the Course), reassesses the status of notions like “institution” and “arbitrariness” and allows a (critical) comparison with other paradigms in the current debate of social ontology (e.g., Searle’s account).
Volvera empezar: la argumentación interaccional en contextos terapéuticos
Authors: Eugenia Carrizo Alicia 
Published: June 2017

ResumenEl objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar el efecto interaccional del uso de las distintas formas del discurso referido por parte de pacientes que participan de sesiones de terapia de grupo como parte de un tratamiento para bajar de peso. Consideramos a los grupos terapéuticos como espacio donde se desarrollan interacciones verbales situadas, de modo que estudiaremos los rasgos lingüísticos y los recursos pragmáticos que usan los participantes para construir nuevos significados en el contexto terapéutico de la interacción. En el trabajo analizaremos una secuencia interaccional que tiene como protagonista a una participante llamada Gretel, en una sesión de terapia de grupo de un Centro Terapéutico de Buenos Aires, en el año 2009. Asumimos que la intervención de Gretel puede ser examinada como secuencia de argumentación interaccional. Tomaremos como base el análisis interaccional del discurso con perspectiva etnográfica (Goffman, 1981.Form of Talk. Philadelphia: Pennsylvania University Press; Gumperz, 1982.Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; Schiffrin, 1985. Everyday argument: The Organization of diversity in Talk. En T. A. van Dijk (Ed.)Handbook of discourse analysis, vol. 3. London: Academic Press; Carrizo, 2012.La argumentación interaccional: efectos del uso del discurso referido. Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: Editorial de la Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Recuperado dehttp://repositorio.filo.uba.ar/xmlui/handle/filodigital/1488). Los resultados permiten observar que la paciente utiliza la invocación de voces para obtener aliados que refuerzan su posición en el tratamiento.
Lithium Mobility in Borate and Phosphate Glass Networks
Authors: Welsch Anna-Maria , Behrens Harald , Murawski Dawid , Horn Ingo 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In order to improve our understanding of the Li-mobility in oxide glass networks with Li as the principle mobile particle, electrical conductivity and self-diffusivity of lithium was studied in two phosphate (0.2 Li2O·0.8 P2O5, 0.3 Li2O·0.2 MgO·0.5 P2O5) and one borate (0.25 Li2O·0.75 B2O3) glass compositions. Conductivity measurements provided information about ion dynamics while isotope-exchange experiments involving isotopically enriched Li diffusion glass couples provided information about long-range diffusivity of Li-isotopes through borate and phosphate networks. Due to the limitations of individual glass stabilities, the temperature range for selected experiments was very small, e.g. as in the case of Li–phosphate composition between 373 and 520 K. The activation energy for Li-migration derived from conductivity measurements was similar for Li–Mg–phosphate and Li–borate, 90.4 and 85.2 kJ/mol, while for pure Li–phosphate the value was 74.7 kJ/mol. In the case of self-diffusion, the activation energies were comparable with Li–Mg–phosphate having the highest value of 76.9 kJ/mol while Li–phosphate and Li–borate had almost the same value of 72.9 and 72.2 kJ/mol, respectively. In these glass compositions with similar Li-cation concentration, the differences in the mobility predominantly depend on structural arrangement of building units and the spatial distribution of negative potentials, as reflected in the value of H
R/f, i.e. the Haven ratio divided by the correlation factor, as a mean to better understand the diffusion mechanism in glass structures, where vacancy vs. interstitial diffusion cannot be clearly defined. For Li–phosphate almost unconstrained Li-migration was indicated with the H
R/f value of 0.98, while Li–Mg–phosphate had the most structural constraint on mobilized Li-cations, with the H
R/f value of 0.30. Findings are compared with silicate (Li2O·3 SiO2) and aluminosilicate (Li2O·Al2O3·4 SiO2) glasses from our previous studies in order to elaborate the effect of network topology.
Quenching of R6G Fluorescence by Gold Nanoparticles of Various Particle Geometries
Authors: Kittler Susann , Klemmed Benjamin , Wolff Thomas , Eychmüller Alexander 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The quenching of Rhodamine 6G in aqueous solution by citrate stabilized gold nanoparticles differing in their geometry (spheres, rods, prisms) was investigated. Static quenching was observed throughout. At constant surface area, the quenching rate diminished in the order spheres>rods>prisms. The effect is shown to be due to differing nanoparticle volumes rather than to variations in the surface area.
Comparison of Serum Cytokine Levels in Men Who are Obese or Men Who are Lean: Effects of Nonlinear Periodized Resistance Training and Obesity
Authors: Nikseresht Mahmoud 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Nikseresht, M. Comparison of serum cytokine levels in men who are obese or men who are lean: effects of nonlinear periodized resistance training and obesity. J Strength Cond Res 32(6): 1787–1795, 2018—This study examined the capacity of nonlinear resistance training (NRT) to alter some cytokines and markers of insulin resistance in men who are obese. An additional aim was to compare these variables between men who are obese and men who are lean. Age- and fitness-matched men who are obese were randomly allocated to NRT (n = 12) and control (CON, n = 10) groups. An age- and fitness-matched control group of lean men (n = 11) were also recruited for baseline comparison. The NRT (12 weeks, 3 d·wk−1, 5–11 exercises) performed at different intensities (40–95% of 1 repetition maximum) with flexible periodization. Serum insulin, glucose, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-17A, and IL-20 levels were measured at baseline and after training. Men who were obese had significantly lower IL-20 and higher glucose, insulin, insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment, HOMA-IR), IL-10, and IL-6 than lean participants at baseline (all, p ≤ 0.05). There were significant negative correlations between IL-10 with anthropometric markers and HOMA-IR at baseline, whereas these variables were inversely correlated with IL-20. After training, V̇o
2peak and 1 repetition maximum for bench press and knee extension of the NRT increased significantly compared with CON, which was accompanied by significant reductions in anthropometric markers, insulin and HOMA-IR. IL-6 and IL-17A did not change significantly in response to training, but IL-10 and IL-20 increased significantly compared with baseline. An inverse relationship between the percent IL-20 increase and the percent waist circumference decrease suggests that adipocytes, or other metabolic factors such as glucose, may exert a lowering-effect on IL-20.
Comparison of Muscle Activation Between Back Squats and Belt Squats
Authors: Evans Thomas W. , McLester Cherilyn N. , Howard Jonathan S. , McLester John R. , Calloway Jimmy P. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Evans, TW, McLester, CN, Howard, JS, McLester, JR, and Calloway, JP. Comparison of muscle activation between back squats and belt squats. J Strength Cond Res 33(7S): S52–S59, 2019—A machine belt squat is a piece of equipment designed to allow the performance of squats while loading weight on the lifter's hips using a belt. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether belt squats differ from back squats in activation of the primary movers and to determine the predictive capabilities of back squat load, training status, and anthropometric data on belt squat load. Thirty-one participants (16 men and 15 women) completed anthropometric measurements, a demographic questionnaire, a familiarization visit, and 2 testing visits, completing a 5 repetition maximum test for back squat and belt squat. Surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activation for the left and right vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, and gluteus maximus (GM). Comparison of muscle activation between the 2 exercises showed significant differences in the left GM (back squat: 0.84 ± 0.45, belt squat: 0.69 ± 0.22, p = 0.015) and right GM (back squat: 0.86 ± 0.45, belt squat: 0.71 ± 0.29, p = 0.004). Regression analysis computed significant prediction equations for belt squat load for general population, men, women, and advanced lifters. Overall, results indicate that belt squats may significantly differ in GM activation from back squats. Back squat load, as well as other variables, may be effective in accurately estimating appropriate belt squat load. These findings may help to more appropriately program for training with machine belt squats as a back squat alternative.
Can Squat Jump Performance Differentiate Starters vs. Nonstarters in Division I Female Soccer Players?
Authors: Magrini Mitchel A. , Colquhoun Ryan J. , Sellers John H. , Conchola Eric C. , Hester Garrett M. , Thiele Ryan M. , Pope Zach K. , Smith Doug B. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Magrini, MA, Colquhoun, RJ, Sellers, JH, Conchola, EC, Hester, GM, Thiele, RM, Pope, ZK, and Smith, DB. Can squat jump performance differentiate starters vs. nonstarters in division I female soccer players? J Strength Cond Res 32(8): 2348–2355, 2018—Although soccer is predominately an endurance sport, high velocity movements may be an important indicator of athletic success. The purpose of this investigation was to establish whether squat jumps (SJs) can differentiate starters from nonstarters with a female collegiate division I soccer team. Eighteen female division I soccer athletes were separated into 2 groups: 9 starters (age: 19.5 ± 1.0; mass = 64.8 ± 11.5 kg; height = 167.5 ± 7.7 cm; games started = 18.2 ± 4.7; and minutes played = 1633.8 ± 478.2 minutes) and 9 nonstarters (age: 19.4 ± 1.4 years; mass = 63.3 ± 4.2 kg; height = 164.7 ± 6.8 cm; games started 0.7 ± 1.3; and minutes played 158.2 ± 269.3 minutes). Each athlete performed 3 maximal SJs at a starting knee angle of 110° without arm swing. Each participant's SJ height, mean power (MP), peak power (PP), mean velocity (MV), and peak velocity (PV) were measured during each attempt by a linear position transducer. No statistically significant differences (p ≥ 0.05) in MP and PP between the starters and nonstarters were observed. However, starters performed significantly better than nonstarters in SJ height (p = 0.002), MV (p = 0.025), and PV (p = 0.015). In addition, SJ height was strongly correlated with MV (r = 0.628) and PV (r = 0.647). These findings suggest that SJ height, MV, and PV may be important variables for discriminating differences between starters and nonstarters in division I female soccer athletes and a strong indicator of explosive performance.
A Warm-Up Routine That Incorporates a Plyometric Protocol Potentiates the Force-Generating Capacity of the Quadriceps Muscles
Authors: Johnson Mariska , Baudin Pierre , Ley Alejandro L. , Collins David F. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Johnson, M, Baudin, P, Ley, AL, and Collins, DF. A warm-up routine that incorporates a plyometric protocol potentiates the force-generating capacity of the quadriceps muscles. J Strength Cond Res 33(2): 380–389, 2019—This study was designed to investigate whether a warm-up routine that incorporates drop jumps, induces post-activation potentiation (PAP), and if so, assess the magnitude and time course of the induced PAP. Participants performed a standard warm-up that incorporated either drop jumps (plyometric protocol) or a low-paced walk (control protocol). Post-activation potentiation was assessed by changes in electrically evoked isometric muscle twitches recorded throughout both protocols. The plyometric protocol increased peak twitch torque (PTT), rate of torque development (RTD), and impulse significantly (by 23, 39, and 46%, respectively) with no change in the amplitude of simultaneously evoked M-waves, indicating that the augmented torque was due to PAP. These increases returned to baseline within 6 minutes, and PTT and RTD fell below baseline values at 11–16 minutes after the drop jumps. Peak twitch torque, RTD, and impulse decreased significantly after the standard warm-up. These results provide evidence that drop jumps induce PAP, markedly enhancing the force-generating capacity of the muscle. By contrast, the standard warm-up did not potentiate, but rather reduced, the force-generating capacity of the muscle. We suggest that drop jumps be incorporated into warm-up routines directly before athletic performance to maximize the force-generating capacity of muscle.
Molecular definitions of autophagy and related processes
Authors: Galluzzi Lorenzo , Baehrecke Eric H , Ballabio Andrea , Boya Patricia , Bravo‐San Pedro José Manuel , Cecconi Francesco , Choi Augustine M , Chu Charleen T , Codogno Patrice , Colombo Maria Isabel , Cuervo Ana Maria , Debnath Jayanta , Deretic Vojo , Dikic Ivan , Eskelinen Eeva‐Liisa , Fimia Gian Maria , Fulda Simone , Gewirtz David A , Green Douglas R , Hansen Malene , Harper J Wade , Jäättelä Marja , Johansen Terje , Juhasz Gabor , Kimmelman Alec C , Kraft Claudine , Ktistakis Nicholas T , Kumar Sharad , Levine Beth , Lopez‐Otin Carlos , Madeo Frank , Martens Sascha , Martinez Jennifer , Melendez Alicia , Mizushima Noboru , Münz Christian , Murphy Leon O , Penninger Josef M , Piacentini Mauro , Reggiori Fulvio , Rubinsztein David C , Ryan Kevin M , Santambrogio Laura , Scorrano Luca , Simon Anna Katharina , Simon Hans‐Uwe , Simonsen Anne , Tavernarakis Nektarios , Tooze Sharon A , Yoshimori Tamotsu , Yuan Junying , Yue Zhenyu , Zhong Qing , Kroemer Guido 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOver the past two decades, the molecular machinery that underlies autophagic responses has been characterized with ever increasing precision in multiple model organisms. Moreover, it has become clear that autophagy and autophagy‐related processes have profound implications for human pathophysiology. However, considerable confusion persists about the use of appropriate terms to indicate specific types of autophagy and some components of the autophagy machinery, which may have detrimental effects on the expansion of the field. Driven by the overt recognition of such a potential obstacle, a panel of leading experts in the field attempts here to define several autophagy‐related terms based on specific biochemical features. The ultimate objective of this collaborative exchange is to formulate recommendations that facilitate the dissemination of knowledge within and outside the field of autophagy research.