bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do the companionship and community networks of older LGBT adults compensate for weaker kinship networks?
Authors: Green Marcus 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to compare the supportive capacity of social networks of older lesbian, gay, bisexual and transsexual (LGBT) and heterosexual adults using data from Understanding Society. The principal research objective is to discern whether the companionship and community networks of older LGBT adults compensate for weaker kinship networks.

Design/methodology/approach
– Understanding Society has data on the frequency of interaction with and proximity to family, friends and the wider community to quantify supportive capacity. Bivariate analyses reveal similarities and differences in network supportive capacity between older LGBT and heterosexual adults.

Findings
– The study finds that older LGBT adults have significantly weaker kinship networks than do older heterosexual adults. Further to this, the companionship and community networks of older LGBT adults do not compensate for weaker kinship networks.

Social implications
– In essence, this means that many older LGBT adults have weak social networks which increases the likelihood of receiving little or no social contact and informal support which may have implications for their physical and mental well-being. This could be especially problematic for individuals who have care needs where in the context of England, the provision of state funded social care is patchy.

Originality/value
– This study contributes evidence to an under researched area of social network analysis. Little research has explored the social networks of older LGBT adults compared with older heterosexual adults; specifically the supportive network capacity of different types of network.
The significance of affinity groups and safe spaces for older lesbians and bisexual women: creating support networks and resisting heteronormativity in older age
Authors: Wilkens Jill 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of belonging to a same-sexuality social group or network for older lesbians and bisexual women.Design/methodology/approach– In total, 35 women were interviewed about a range of topics including coming out (or not) in the 1950s and 1960s, their feelings about ageing and their experiences of attending groups for lesbians and bisexual women, now and in the past.Findings– The study found that, while the participants had different opinions of groups and their significance, the majority valued the opportunity to meet with other “like-minded” women and enjoyed a range of positive outcomes.Practical implications– The nature of the space where such groups are located was significant to many as was the employment of paid leaders, not only to take up the administrative burden but to moderate and prevent cliques from forming.Social implications– The research indicates that such groups have an important role to play in alleviating loneliness and promoting positive ageing.Originality/value– This research makes an important contribution to the literature about lesbian, gay and bisexual ageing which is frequently focused on gay men. Their feelings about loneliness, the role of social space and groups are often different to those of lesbian and bisexual women such as my participants, particularly those who were at the cutting edge of second-wave feminism.
Learning from international experiences – developing older LGBT affirmative housing and care options in England
Authors: Ross Paul D. S. 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to formulate recommendations from international and local examples to aid the design and delivery affirmative housing and care options for older LGBT individuals in England.

Design/methodology/approach
– This paper combines a desk-top review conducted by the author with personal views and recommendations for practice by discussing the levers within both the Care Act and Equality Act for greater LGBT participation in the design, delivery and evaluation of housing with care services.

Findings
– The provision of LGBT affirmative housing and care options for individuals in England is currently limited. International and European evidence suggests that multi-faceted, person-centred approaches are central in delivering affirmative services to older LGBT individuals.

Originality/value
– This paper adds to a growing literature on minority housing and care services. The author draws on both a professional and personal interest in facilitating the development of LGBT affirmative services in England.
A selected literature review on the changing role of stakeholders as value creators
Authors: Samant Shridhar M , Sangle Shirish 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the changing role of stakeholders in value creation since the inception of literature on stakeholders and sustainability from 1984 and 1987, respectively until 2015. To understand interrelationships among key terms of stakeholder and sustainability literature.Design/methodology/approach– The paper explores the changing role of stakeholders as a source of value creation through extensive literature review by adopting text mining approach. VantagePoint is the tool used to facilitate text mining literature of sustainability and stakeholder and related literature from 1984 to 2015.Findings– This paper reveals that the major trends in firm’s approach towards stakeholders has changed over the years from demonstration of compliance in 1984-1994, safeguarding of reputation from 1994 to 2004, to finally co-creating value with stakeholders from the period of 2004-2014.Research limitations/implications– There have been extensive literature reviews done on stakeholder and sustainability literature, but only few have studied the integration of stakeholder and sustainability literature. This paper has used a novel approach, i.e. VantagePoint software to analyse the sustainability and stakeholder literature.Originality/value– The changing role of stakeholders as a value creator have provided new research avenues in value creation process. The emerging challenge that firms now face is to co-create sustainable value by engaging both internal and external stakeholders.
Radiology and sustainable development
Authors: Elsayed Abdallah Naglaa Mostafa 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to highlight the relation between radiology and sustainable development with emphasis on the UK and European countries, and to spotlight its possible application in the developing countries.

Design/methodology/approach
– This is a review paper where data about sustainable development and radiology are collected from selected journals, websites, articles and conferences, e.g. Royal College of Radiology, European Society of Radiology, World Health Organization and other different radiology societies.

Findings
– Adoption of sustainable diagnostic radiology by many countries in Europe and the UK helps to provide imaging services efficiently and effectively, with simultaneous preservation of the natural resources, patient health and environment much better than before. The developing and underdeveloped countries should follow this knowledge hoping to reach the same goals.

Practical implications
– Limiting the use of radiologic examinations, guide the clinicians to use clinical skills before rushing to radiology examinations will save money, preserve equipment and protect patients from possible radiation hazards. The use of teleradiology will indirectly reduce global warming, and will deliver medical services to poor countries.

Social implications
– Improving the health of people of poor countries will improve their socioeconomic level.

Originality/value
– This paper focuses on the value of applying sustainable development in radiology not only in general medicine.
Assessment of growth status in Saudi hospitals
Authors: Aljaaly Elham Abbas , Khalifa Nahlaa 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine the quality and sustainability of dietetic practice in the scope of anthropometry for adolescents at Jeddah hospitals care setting.Design/methodology/approach– An evaluation survey to define and critic dietetic practice concerning anthropometric assessment for adolescent group in Jeddah governmental and private operating hospitals with bed capacity of more than 150 beds and has at least four employed dietitians.Findings– Only 10 percent of dietitians in Jeddah hospitals are members with the National Saudi Dietetic Association (SDA). Hospitals were mostly following international Standards of Practice (SOP) for anthropometry (60 percent), compared to national standards (10 percent). SOP is not unified or governed by the national organization body. Regularly (80 percent) of the practicing dietitians identify their individual scope of practice, the use of growth charts and reference data in assessing the growth status of their young clients. Similarly to other international countries, sustainability and resilience to all aspects of nutrition and dietetics practice should be ensured and maintained by SDA when guiding and standardizing all practices.Originality/value– The study highlights the importance of standardizing the practice of anthropometric assessment among adolescent group. The study is also a call for the SDA to emphasize its role in governing and defining guidelines in all scopes of dietetics practice.
The prevalence of anaemia among Saudi school girls: a comparison of two techniques
Authors: Aljaaly Elham Abbas , Khalifa Nahlaa Abduwahab 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– Continuous integration of health screens to investigate and track variations in the students’ healthiness over time is essential. However, the sustainability of this practice remains challenging. The purpose of this paper is to identify the prevalence of anaemia based on haemoglobin (Hb) estimation among Saudi school girls in Jeddah city by examining capillary and venous blood.Design/methodology/approach– The design is investigative, using primary data to define the prevalence of anaemia based on two techniques. Samples of venous (n=408) and capillary (n=797) blood from Saudi school girls in Jeddah city was collected and compared using: Reflotron Plus System method (capillary blood) and ABX MICROS 60-OT Automated Haematology Analyser for (venous blood).Findings– When the capillary blood was used, the prevalence of anaemia was 40 per cent (n=319 out of 797). Using the venous blood, the prevalence was 29.4 per cent (n=120 out of 408). Comparison of Hb data for both tests showed a significant difference in Hb levels with levels between the 10g and 12 g/dl particularly and both measurements demonstrated good agreement (ICC=0.87, 95 per cent CI (0.845, 0.892)).Research limitations/implications– The data were collected only in Jeddah city. Further studies should include a national sample that is representative of both gender from different backgrounds and geographical areas in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia.Practical implications– The high prevalence of anaemia within the school girls’ population require decision makers to devise a set of maintainable projects to progress students’ general health, including health education and supplementation such as iron, particularly if anaemia is diagnosed to be nutrition-related. This particularly applied to the health centres at female schools that have anaemia screening programmes that going on in Saudi schools.Originality/value– This study reveals a technique-based measures of anaemia prevalence that have public and practical health implications.
An assessment of techniques to manipulate oxidative stress in animals
Authors: Koch Rebecca E. , Hill Geoffrey E. 
Published: March 2016

Summary

Physiological ecologists require techniques for controlled oxidative challenges in live animals to facilitate the study of oxidative stress.

Techniques for manipulating oxidative stress include agents that increase generation of pro‐oxidants, such as paraquat, diquat, radiation, heavy metals, dietary oxidized lipids, and tert‐butyl‐hydroperoxide, as well as genetic (RNAi) and chemical (buthionine sulfoximine) knock‐downs that target specific antioxidants.

We critically assess both currently used and potentially useful methods for inducing systemic oxidative challenge in animals. We provide a resource for biologists to select the most robust methods for oxidative challenge in their study system, to improve interpretation of results within the context of cellular mechanisms and to maximize effectiveness of experiments while minimizing unintended side effects.

A Lay Summary is available for this article.
Deep massive sulphide exploration using 2D and 3D geoelectrical and induced polarization data in Skellefte mining district, northern Sweden
Authors: Tavakoli Saman , Bauer Tobias E. , Rasmussen Thorkild M. , Weihed Pär , Elming Sten‐Åke 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTGeoelectrical and induced polarization data from measurements along three profiles and from one 3D survey are acquired and processed in the central Skellefte District, northern Sweden. The data were collected during two field campaigns in 2009 and 2010 in order to delineate the structures related to volcanogenic massive sulphide deposits and to model lithological contacts down to a maximum depth of 1.5 km. The 2009 data were inverted previously, and their joint interpretation with potential field data indicated several anomalous zones. The 2010 data not only provide additional information from greater depths compared with the 2009 data but also cover a larger surface area. Several high‐chargeability low‐resistivity zones, interpreted as possible massive sulphide mineralization and associated hydrothermal alteration, are revealed. The 3D survey data provide a detailed high‐resolution image of the top ∼450 m of the upper crust around the Maurliden East, North, and Central deposits. Several anomalies are interpreted as new potential prospects in the Maurliden area, which are mainly concentrated in the central conductive zone. In addition, the contact relationship between the major geological units, e.g., the contact between the Skellefte Group and the Jörn Intrusive Complex, is better understood with the help of 2010 deep‐resistivity/chargeability data. The bottommost part of the Vargfors basin is imaged using the 2010 geoelectrical and induced polarization data down to ∼1‐km depth.
Does primary productivity modulate the indirect effects of large herbivores? A global meta‐analysis
Authors: Daskin Joshua H. , Pringle Robert M. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIndirect effects of large mammalian herbivores (LMH), while much less studied than those of apex predators, are increasingly recognized to exert powerful influences on communities and ecosystems. The strength of these effects is spatiotemporally variable, and several sets of authors have suggested that they are governed in part by primary productivity. However, prior theoretical and field studies have generated conflicting results and predictions, underscoring the need for a synthetic global analysis.We conducted a meta‐analysis of the direction and magnitude of large mammalian herbivore‐initiated indirect interactions using 67 published studies comprising 456 individual responses. We georeferenced 41 of these studies (comprising 253 responses from 33 locations on five continents) to a satellite‐derived map of primary productivity. Because predator assemblages might also influence the impact of large herbivores, we conducted a similar analysis using a global map of large carnivore species richness.In general, LMH reduced the abundance of other consumer species and also tended to reduce consumer richness, although the latter effect was only marginally significant.There was a pronounced reduction in the strength of negative (i.e. suppressive, due e.g., to competition) indirect effects of LMH on consumer abundance in more productive ecosystems. In contrast, positive (facilitative) indirect effects were not significantly correlated with productivity, likely because these comprised a more heterogeneous array of mechanisms. We found no effect of carnivore species richness on herbivore‐initiated indirect effect strength.Our findings help to resolve the fundamental problem of ecological contingency as it pertains to the strength of an understudied class of multitrophic interactions. Moreover, these results will aid in predicting the indirect effects of anthropogenic wildlife declines and irruptions, and how these effects might be mediated by climatically driven shifts in resource availability. To the extent that intact ungulate guilds help to suppress populations of small animals that act as agricultural pests and disease reservoirs, the negative impacts of large mammal declines on human well‐being may be relatively stronger in low‐productivity areas.
Benchmarking of surgical complications in gynaecological oncology: prospective multicentre study
Authors: Burnell M , Iyer R , Gentry‐Maharaj A , Nordin A , Liston R , Manchanda R , Das N , Gornall R , Beardmore‐Gray A , Hillaby K , Leeson S , Linder A , Lopes A , Meechan D , Mould T , Nevin J , Olaitan A , Rufford B , Shanbhag S , Thackeray A , Wood N , Reynolds K , Ryan A , Menon U 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of risk‐adjustment on surgical complication rates (CRs) for benchmarking gynaecological oncology centres.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingTen UK accredited gynaecological oncology centres.PopulationWomen undergoing major surgery on a gynaecological oncology operating list.MethodsPatient co‐morbidity, surgical procedures and intra‐operative (IntraOp) complications were recorded contemporaneously by surgeons for 2948 major surgical procedures. Postoperative (PostOp) complications were collected from hospitals and patients. Risk‐prediction models for IntraOp and PostOp complications were created using penalised (lasso) logistic regression using over 30 potential patient/surgical risk factors.Main outcome measuresObserved and risk‐adjusted IntraOp and PostOp CRs for individual hospitals were calculated. Benchmarking using colour‐coded funnel plots and observed‐to‐expected ratios was undertaken.ResultsOverall, IntraOp CR was 4.7% (95% CI 4.0–5.6) and PostOp CR was 25.7% (95% CI 23.7–28.2). The observed CRs for all hospitals were under the upper 95% control limit for both IntraOp and PostOp funnel plots. Risk‐adjustment and use of observed‐to‐expected ratio resulted in one hospital moving to the >95–98% CI (red) band for IntraOp CRs. Use of only hospital‐reported data for PostOp CRs would have resulted in one hospital being unfairly allocated to the red band. There was little concordance between IntraOp and PostOp CRs.ConclusionThe funnel plots and overall IntraOp (≈5%) and PostOp (≈26%) CRs could be used for benchmarking gynaecological oncology centres. Hospital benchmarking using risk‐adjusted CRs allows fairer institutional comparison. IntraOp and PostOp CRs are best assessed separately. As hospital under‐reporting is common for postoperative complications, use of patient‐reported outcomes is important.Tweetable abstractRisk‐adjusted benchmarking of surgical complications for ten UK gynaecological oncology centres allows fairer comparison.
Quality of oxytocin available in low‐ and middle‐income countries: a systematic review of the literature
Authors: Torloni MR , Gomes Freitas C , Kartoglu UH , Metin Gülmezoglu A , Widmer M 
Published: March 2016

BackgroundOxytocin is the drug of choice for preventing and treating postpartum haemorrhage, an important cause of maternal death. Oxytocin is widely available in low and middle‐income countries (LMIC) but there are concerns about its quality.ObjectiveTo identify, critically appraise and synthesise the findings of studies on the quality of oxytocin available in LMIC.Search strategyWe searched seven electronic databases, without language restriction.Selection criteriaStudies reporting results of tests to assess quality of oxytocin samples from LMIC.Data collection and analysisStudy selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed in duplicate. Results are presented descriptively.Main resultsThe search identified 2611 unique citations; eight studies, assessing 559 samples from 15 different countries were included. Most samples were collected from facility level settings (n = 509) and from the private sector (n = 321). The median prevalence of oxytocin samples that failed quality tests was 45.6% (range 0–80%), mostly due to insufficient amounts of active pharmacological ingredient. Over one‐third of the samples (n = 204) had low (<90%) oxytocin content indicating substandard medicine; two samples had no active ingredient, suggesting possible counterfeit drugs. The proportion of low fails was higher in samples collected in Africa than in Asia or Latin America (57.5% versus 22.3% versus 0%, respectively, P < 0.0001), in private than in public sectors (34.0% versus 25.3%, P = 0.032) and in facilities than in central distributors (37.9% versus 22.0%, P = 0.030).ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of poor‐quality oxytocin samples in LMIC countries, mainly due to inadequate amounts of active ingredient.Tweetable abstractSystematic review points to problems with quality of oxytocin samples from low‐ and middle‐income countries.
Growing media constituents determine the microbial nitrogen conversions in organic growing media for horticulture
Authors: Grunert Oliver , Reheul Dirk , Van Labeke Marie‐Christine , Perneel Maaike , Hernandez‐Sanabria Emma , Vlaeminck Siegfried E. , Boon Nico 
Published: March 2016

SummaryVegetables and fruits are an important part of a healthy food diet, however, the eco‐sustainability of the production of these can still be significantly improved. European farmers and consumers spend an estimated €15.5 billion per year on inorganic fertilizers and the production of N‐fertilizers results in a high carbon footprint. We investigated if fertilizer type and medium constituents determine microbial nitrogen conversions in organic growing media and can be used as a next step towards a more sustainable horticulture. We demonstrated that growing media constituents showed differences in urea hydrolysis, ammonia and nitrite oxidation and in carbon dioxide respiration rate. Interestingly, mixing of the growing media constituents resulted in a stimulation of the function of the microorganisms. The use of organic fertilizer resulted in an increase in amoA gene copy number by factor 100 compared to inorganic fertilizers. Our results support our hypothesis that the activity of the functional microbial community with respect to nitrogen turnover in an organic growing medium can be improved by selecting and mixing the appropriate growing media components with each other. These findings contribute to the understanding of the functional microbial community in growing media and its potential role towards a more responsible horticulture.