bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional outcome and complications in closed and grade I open tibia shaft fracture operated with intramedullary interlocking nail
Authors: Khairnar Ganesh , Naskar Rajib , Raja Balgovind S. , Mehendiratta Dhanish V. 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">Treatment of open tibia fracture is controversial. Complications such as infection, re-operation, non-union and poor consolidation are also relatively common after these fractures. While grade II and III fractures are mostly treated with detriment and external fixator, grade I fractures are a matter of controversy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate factors affecting deep infections and fracture healing of closed and grade I open fracture of the tibial shaft treated with immediate or delayed interlocking IMN, and to study the functional outcome of the same</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">60 Patients admitted to our institute with diagnosis of closed or grade 1 open tibia shaft fracture aged more than 18 years old between May 2016 to December 2016 were included. After initial evaluation and investigation, they were posted for surgery. Closed reduction and fixation with intramedullary nailing were done under spinal anesthesia. After discharge patients were followed up at an interval of 3 weeks, 3 months and 6 months and were evaluated using Johner and Wruhs criteria</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">In our study, 91.67% patients have got excellent, 3.33% good and 1.67% poor results according to Johner and Wruhs criteria</span><span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-GB">Closed and grade one open fractures of the tibia shaft, managed with interlocking intramedullary nailing involves minimal surgical trauma and negligible blood loss while provides the advantages of early ambulation, lower rate of infection, delayed union, non-union and mal-union</span><span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>
Functional analysis of cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly
Authors: T. Sivabalan , V. Thirunarayanan , Kumar S. Senthil , D. R. Ramprasath , Ahmed S. Basheer 
Published: December 2017

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Intertrochanteric fracture is one of the most common fractures among the elderly osteoporotic population</span><span lang="FR">, constituting about 50% of hip fractures. These fractures are managed either by fixation using dynamic hip screw (DHS), proximal femur nail (PFN) or by replacement, based on the stability of fracture pattern, age of the patient, quality of bone and associated co-morbid conditions. Prosthetic replacement which is routinely done for femoral neck fractures requires modification when done for trochanteric fractures to improve stability. This study aims to analyse the short term functional outcome of </span><span lang="EN-IN">cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation for unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Our study includes 60 patients of age more than 70 years admitted in our institution during June 2012 to September 2016 with unstable intertrochanteric fractures. All patients operated through posterior approach to hip and cemented hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augmentation with bone graft was done. Patients were followed up for an average of period of 2 years. Functional outcome was evaluated with Harris Hip score</span>.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">28%<strong> </strong>of<strong> </strong>cases had excellent outcome. 43% of cases had good and 23% of cases had fair outcome. 2% of cases ended with poor outcome. The in-hospital mortality rate was 3.3%. The survival rate of the patients in this study at the end of one year is 85%. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Cemented bipolar hemiarthroplasty with medial calcar augumentation can be considered as a good primary option for elderly unstable intertrochanteric fracture patients with osteoporotic bones and associated co-morbidities.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p><p> </p>
Garga and Early Astral Science in India
Authors: Geslani Marko , Mak Bill , Yano Michio , Zysk Kenneth G. 
Published: December 2017

This article forms a preliminary report on the work by an international group of scholars on Garga, an important early authority on astral science (jyotiṣa). Reviewing past research on the texts associated with this figure, we focus especially on the earliest text, the Gārgīyajyotiṣa (ca. first century CE?), a compendium of material on astral and terrestrial omens, ritual, horoscopy, and astronomy, that prefigures Varāhamihira's well-known Bṛhatsaṃhitā. The contributions include text-critical observations based on select chapters, remarks on astral omens and their relevance to the possible dating of the text, and a discussion of the texts potential for the study of Hindu ritual. The article also begins to disambiguate the broader Garga corpus by including a chapter summary of a somewhat later Gargasaṃhitā, containing mainly astronomical materials.
Microbial characteristics of landfill leachate disposed by aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor
Authors: Wang Guangzhi , Chen Rui , Huang Likun , Ma Hemeng , Mu Deying , Zhao Qingliang 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
An aerobic moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was applied to treat landfill leachate generated from a domestic waste incineration plant. Pollutant removal efficiency of this reactor under stable operating condition was studied. The biomass, bacteria species, and microbial metabolism in this reactor were investigated. These results showed that the average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen in the aerobic MBBR achieved 64% and 97% in the optimum conditions, respectively. The three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum revealed that the content of soluble microbial byproducts from extracellular polymeric substances extraction in suspended sludge was much higher than that on biofilm, and the types of pollutants were various in different regions of the reactor. It also indicated that the MBBR system had a stable, rich and regular microorganism community, including large amounts of nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria. Scanning electron microscopy suggested that biofilm attached to the packing provided a good anoxic–aerobic micro environment system to achieve a high metabolic activity, which favored COD and ammonia removal.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Characteristics of Dasiglucagon, a Novel Soluble and Stable Glucagon Analog
Authors: Hövelmann Ulrike , Bysted Britta Væver , Mouritzen Ulrik , Macchi Francesca , Lamers Daniela , Kronshage Birgit , Møller Daniél Vega , Heise Tim 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVE
Treatment of severe hypoglycemia outside of the hospital setting is limited to glucagon formulations requiring reconstitution before use, which may lead to erroneous or delayed glucagon administration. We compared the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics and safety and tolerability of different doses of dasiglucagon, a novel soluble glucagon analog, with approved pediatric and full doses of GlucaGen in insulin-induced hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this single-center, randomized, double-blind trial, 58 patients with type 1 diabetes received single subcutaneous injections of 0.1, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.0 mg dasiglucagon or 0.5 or 1.0 mg GlucaGen in a state of hypoglycemia (blood glucose target 55 mg/dL) induced by an intravenous insulin infusion.

RESULTS
Dasiglucagon demonstrated a dose-dependent and rapid increase in plasma concentrations, reaching a maximum at ∼35 min with a half-life of ∼0.5 h. Dasiglucagon rapidly increased plasma glucose (PG) by ≥20 mg/dL (9–14 min) to PG ≥70 mg/dL (within 6–10 min), similar to GlucaGen, but with a longer-lasting and greater effect on PG. All patients on both treatments reached these end points within 30 min (predefined success criteria). Both treatments were well tolerated. Nausea was the most frequent adverse event, occurring at a similar rate (44–56%).

CONCLUSIONS
Dasiglucagon was well tolerated and showed an early PD response similar to that of GlucaGen at corresponding doses, suggesting comparable clinical effects of the two glucagon formulations. Dasiglucagon has the potential to become an effective and reliable rescue treatment for severe hypoglycemia in a ready-to-use pen.
Kognitiivinen uupumus ja kieli MS-taudissa. Semispontaanien narratiivien määrällinen ja laadullinen analyysi
Authors: Heikkola Leena Maria 
Published: December 2017

Leena Maria Heikkolan suomen kielen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkastettiin Åbo Akademissa perjantaina 17. maaliskuuta 2017. Vastaväittäjänä toimi professori Anneli Pajunen Tampereen yliopistosta ja kustoksena professori Urpo Nikanne.

Leena Maria Heikkola: Kognitiivinen uupumus ja kieli MS-taudissa. Semispontaanien narratiivien määrällinen ja laadullinen analyysi. Åbo: Åbo Akademi University Press 2017.
Kirja on luettavissa myös verkkojulkaisuna http://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/133657
Kielipolitiikan analyysia viittomakielten näkökulmasta
Authors: Nuolijärvi Pirkko 
Published: December 2017

Arvioitu teos:
Maartje De Meulder: The power of language policy. The legal recognition of sign languages and the aspirations of deaf communities. Jyväskylä Studies in Humanities 301. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto 2016. Yhteenveto-osuus 134 s. ja viisi artikkelia. ISBN 978-951-39-6875-5.
Ensimmäinen englanninkielinen koltansaamen kielioppi
Authors: Juutinen Markus , Lehtinen Miika 
Published: December 2017

Arvioitu teos:
Timothy Feist: A grammar of Skolt Saami. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 273. Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura 2015. 414 s. ISBN 978-952-5667-74-5.
Kielen matka puheesta kirjoitukseen – miten ja miksi
Authors: Hokkanen Sari 
Published: December 2017

Arvioitu teos:
Liisa Tiittula & Pirkko Nuolijärvi (toim.): Puheesta tekstiksi. Puheen kirjallisen esittämisen alueita, keinoja ja rajoja. Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seuran toimituksia 1424. Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura 2016. 286 s. ISBN 978-952-222-735-5.
Toisen ja vieraan kielen sujuvuus kognitiivisesta näkökulmasta
Authors: Olkkonen Sanna 
Published: December 2017

Sanna Olkkosen soveltavan kielitieteen alaan kuuluva väitöskirja tarkastettiin Jyväskylän yliopistossa lauantaina 27. toukokuuta 2017. Vastaväittäjänä toimi associate professor Patrick Snellings Amsterdamin yliopistosta ja kustoksena filosofian tohtori Lea Nieminen.

Sanna Olkkonen: Second and foreign language fluency from cognitive perspective: Inefficiency and control of attention in lexical access. Jyväskylä Studies in Humanities 314. Jyväskylä: Jyväskylän yliopisto 2017. Kirja on luettavissa osoitteessa http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-7062-8.
Kattava kuvaus itämerensuomen balttilaislainoista
Authors: Häkkinen Kaisa 
Published: December 2017

Arvioitu teos
Santeri Junttila: Tiedon kumuloituminen ja trendit lainasanatutkimuksessa. Kantasuomen balttilaislainojen tutkimushistoria. Helsinki: Helsingin yliopisto 2015. 291 s. ISBN 978-951-1841-7.
Monimenetelmäinen tutkimus toimittajien kielikäsityksistä ja kielenhuoltodiskursseista
Authors: Mäntynen Anne 
Published: December 2017

Arvioitu teos
Maija Saviniemi: On noloa, jos ammattilaiset tekevät tökeröitä kielivirheitä. Toimitushenkilökunnan kielenhuoltotiedot, -käytännöt ja -diskurssit. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis. B Humaniora 127. Oulu: Oulunyliopisto 2015. 326 s. + liitteet. ISBN 978-952-62-0776-6.
Magic vs. Science in the Historiography of Science
Authors: Maia Carlos Alvarez 
Published: December 2017

The historiography of scientific studies has suffered from a great impact, that is rarely referred to, from anthropological analyses of magic in so-called primitive societies. The emphasis brought by criticism during the 1950/1960’s of Evans-Pritchard’s 1937 classic, Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic among the Azande, brought a fresh look at certainties already consolidated in Western thought, especially those relating to rational human characteristics and science. For the history, these criticisms were interesting because they were presented science as a historically situated activity, in the same way as magic. It favours, therefore, the proximity of historians tout court with the history of the sciences that resists its absences even today. This renewal helped to create a scenario that would enable David Bloor to develop the strong program of Sociology of Knowledge in the 1970s. Such a program indicates the analogous process that involves both the social production of beliefs and that of scientific truths. In this paper I evaluate the proximity of magic-science from the point of view of contemporary studies about scientific activity, questioning the concepts of rationality and logic as if they were exclusive qualities of scientific activity.
MENGGALI NILAI DAN FUNGSI CERITA RAKYAT SULTAN HADIRIN DAN MASJID WALI AT-TAQWA LORAM KULON KUDUS
Authors: Kanzunnudin Mohammad 
Published: December 2017

Penelitian tentang cerita prosa rakyat “Sultan Hadirin dan Masjid Wali At-Taqwa Loram Kulon” di desa Loram Kulon, Kecamatan Jati, Kabupaten Kudus, Jawa Tengah; bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan nilai dan fungsi cerita rakyat Sutan Hadirin dan Masjid Wali At-Taqwa Loram Kulon. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara mendalam, perekaman, pencatatan, dan pemotretan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa cerita prosa rakyat “Sutan Hadirin dan Masjid Wali At-Taqwa Loram Kulon” memiliki nilai-nialai kearifan lokal dan nilai pendidikan. Nilai kearifan lokal berupa nilai kepemimpinan, nilai pengabdian, nilai tradisi, nilai budaya, dan nilai sosial. Nilai pendidikan mencakupi etika dan moral, budi pekerti, keteladanan dan kepahlawanan, dan religius. Adapun fungsinya mencakupi (1)sarana pendidikan, (2) sarana untuk mengesahkan pranata-pranata sosial bersifat kolektif yang harus ditaati oleh anggota masyarakat, (3) sarana untuk membangun karakter dan identitas suatu masyarakat, (4) Sarana untuk pengenalan dan pemahaman terhadap nilai-nilai budaya suatu masyaraka, dan (5) sebagai modal sosial untuk berinteraksi dan berkomunikasi antaranggota atau komunitas suatu masyarakat.Kata kunci: Nilai, fungsi, cerita prosa rakyat Sultan Hadirin dan Masjid Wali At-Taqwa Loram Kulon.
Influencing the Message: The Role of Media Ownership on the Press Coverage of the 2015 Presidential Electoral Campaign in Nigeria
Authors: Abubakre Fatima Iyabo 
Published: December 2017

This study focuses on the role of media ownership on the press coverage of the 2015 presidential election campaign in Nigeria. Using content analysis, the aim of the study was to identify the themes and examine the direction of the coverage of election campaign news items between the two main political parties in the country-Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) and the All Progressives Congress (APC) published in The Nation on one hand and the Nigerian Tribune on the other hand, between January 2015 and March 2015. Findings from the study indicate coverage replete with biases, although with some remarkable incidents of objectivity and balancing, and show that the two newspapers analysed in this study merely reflected the political leanings of their respective publishers.Este estudo se centra no papel da propriedade da mídia na cobertura jornalística das eleições presidenciais de 2015 na Nigéria. Por meio de análise de conteúdo, seu objetivo é identificar os temas e examinar os direcionamentos dos itens noticiosos relacionados à cobertura da campanha ente os dois principais partidos do país – Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) e o All Progressives Congress (APC) – e que foram publicados entre janeiro e março de 2015 nos jornais The Natione Nigerian Tribune. Os resultados do estudo apontam para uma cobertura repleta de vieses, apesar de alguns incidentes relevantes de objetividade e de equilíbrio, e mostram que os dois jornais analisados simplesmente refletem os direcionamentos políticos de seus respectivos proprietários. Este estudio se centra en el papel de la propiedad de los medios en la cobertura de prensa de las campañas electorales presidenciales de 2015 en Nigeria. Utilizando análisis de contenido, el objetivo del estudio fue identificar los temas y examinar el direccionamiento de la cobertura y de las noticias sobre la campaña electoral entre los dos principales partidos políticos del país: el Peoples’ Democratic Party (PDP) y o All Progressives Congress (APC), publicadas en The Nation y en el Nigerian Tribune, entre enero de 2015 y marzo de 2015. Las encuestas de estudio indican una cobertura repleta de vieses, aunque con algunos incidentes relevantes de objetividad y equilibrio, y muestra que los dos periódicos analizados reflejan simplemente las directrices de los respectivos propietarios.
Ethnic differences in the Prevalence of Thyroid disorders among population of Far Western Region of Nepal
Authors: Pandeya Dipendra Raj , Bhatt Mahendra Prasad , Bhatta Mahesh Prakash , Bhattarai Janardhan 
Published: December 2017

Introduction: Thyroid disorder is second most common endocrine disorder after diabetes in the world. The burden of thyroid diseases in the general population is enormous especially in females. The aim of this paper is to study the prevalence of thyroid disorders among population of Far Western Region.Methods: The present work was conducted to study the pattern of thyroid disorders among different ethnic groups attended to the LifeCare Diagnostics and Research Center Pvt. Ltd. Dhangadhi. Total of 1000 patients suspected with thyroid disorders were enrolled in this study. The incidence of thyroid disorders and its relationship with the different ethnic, age groups and gender were investigated.Results: Out of 1000 patients with suspected thyroid dysfunction, 65.8% were euthyroid followed by 13.8 % of patients having subclinical hypothyroidism, 9.5% hypothyroidism, 7.9% hypothyroidism. The incidence subclinical hyperthyroidism 3.0% was lowest. Hypothyroidism was the most common thyroid disorders among ethnic groups, Chhetri 37.97% and Brahmin 40.57%. In addition, females were most affected among the population.Conclusion: The prevalence of thyroid disorders in Far western population showed difference among different ethnic group. Public awareness of thyroid disorders and their potential complications could lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic facilities.
Foreign Domestic Helpers’ Struggle for Recognition in Hong Kong: Time to go Beyond the Rule of Law?
Authors: Haumont Germain 
Published: December 2017

L’État de droit constitue un fondement nécessaire à tout système politique démocratique. Néanmoins, il ne suffit pas pour permettre à la collectivité politique d’évoluer en accord avec ses différentes composantes. Pour ce faire, celles-ci doivent être en mesure de participer à une négociation permanente portant sur la définition de la collectivité. C’est à ce niveau que se situe l’interrogation de cet article, qui se focalise sur le cas concret des « Foreign Domestic Helpers » à Hong Kong. Le contexte politique de cette région administrative intégrée à la Chine depuis 1997 présente la particularité que l’État de droit y est établi mais n’est pas accompagné par une véritable sphère publique. Soumettre ce hiatus à l’analyse mène à déconstruire le projet que les autorités politiques imposent à une population dont les tribunaux sont l’unique forum de contestation. Par ailleurs, étudier par quels moyens les « Foreign Domestic Helpers » pourraient obtenir la reconnaissance politique qu’ils revendiquent à l’intérieur d’un système qui les marginalise souligne le potentiel essentiellement transformateur d’une telle reconnaissance.
Vida y obra filosófica de Xavier Zubiri, Pedro Laín Entralgo e Ignacio Ellacuría
Authors: Cañas López Sergio Arturo 
Published: December 2017

The biographies of Zubiri, Laín and Ellacuría remind when Zubiri associated the meaning of his Basque names to his intellectual destiny and to the sense of his work. Thus, library (Apalategui), bridge (Zubiri) and new home (Xavier) are symbols that also are valid for Laín and Ellacuría. This happens because of their prolific work (library), their struggle for reconciliation (bridge), and their innovative contributions to the humanistic and philosophic work for the 21st century (new home). Realidad: Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades No. 106, 2005: 537-561
Los BRICS en el entorno geoeconómico
Authors: Morán Roberto Antonio , Pacheco Rolando Balmore 
Published: December 2017

<p>Este artículo hace un análisis de la evolución del bloque geoeconómico y político nominado en el año 2001 por Jim O´Neill de Goldman Sachs como los BRICS, un acrónimo que hace referencia a los países que lo conforman: Brasil, Rusia, India, China y a partir de 2011 Sudáfrica. En el artículo se aborda el origen y expectativas con que nace el bloque, su situación actual y prospectiva de constituirse en el impulsor de un nuevo orden económico, político y comercial a nivel global. Finalmente los autores presentan algunas conclusiones del análisis mediante las cuales se plantean posibilidades y obstáculos, que como bloque en general –y que como países en particular– deberán ser considerados para su consolidación geoeconómica, comercial y política.</p><p><span>Realidad y Reflexión Año 17, No 46</span>, Julio-Diciembre 2017; 13-21</p>
Contractuele informatierechten in overnamecontracten en aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten
Authors: Timmer L.J.E. 
Published: December 2017

Contractuele informatierechten in overnamecontracten en aandeelhoudersovereenkomsten
Het Nederlandse rechtssysteem biedt partijen in het economisch verkeer handvatten om benodigde informatie boven tafel te krijgen, ook als deze zich bij een derde bevindt. Bij overnamecontracten kan worden gedacht aan artikel 843a Rv, dat een partij een grondslag biedt om in en buiten rechte kennis te nemen van een (schriftelijk bewijsmiddel) dat haar in beginsel wel bekend is, maar niet in haar bezit is. In vennootschapsrechtelijke verhoudingen is van belang het recht van de algemene vergadering op inlichtingen op grond van artikel 2:107/217 lid 2 BW.De wettelijke instrumenten bieden echter in veel gevallen onvoldoende houvast en rechtszekerheid. Om die reden is het bij een overnamecontract of aandeelhoudersovereenkomst in het belang van partijen om te voorzien in een heldere contractuele regeling die recht doet aan de feitelijke omstandigheden en de belangen van de betrokken partijen. Bij het opstellen van een dergelijke regeling dienen de betrokken juristen een balans te vinden tussen het belang van partijen op informatie, die zij op grond van de wet wellicht niet zouden kunnen verkrijgen, en het belang van de partij die de informatie zou moeten afstaan.