bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fresh from the Ornamental Garden: Hips of Selected Rose Cultivars Rich in Phytonutrients
Authors: Cunja Vlasta , Mikulic‐Petkovsek Maja , Weber Nika , Jakopic Jerneja , Zupan Anka , Veberic Robert , Stampar Franci , Schmitzer Valentina 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMorphological parameters (size, weight, color), the content of sugars, organic acids, lycopene, β‐carotene, and phenolics were determined in hips of Rosa canina (RCA), Rosa sweginzowii (RSW), Rosa rugosa (RUG), and selected ornamental Rosa cultivars Fru Dagmar Hastrup (FDH), Repandia (REP), Veilchenblau (RVB), Aloha (RAL), Bonica (BON), and Golden Gate (RGG). Although traditionally used RCA hips contained the highest amount of cyanidin‐3‐glucoside (83 μg/g DW) and were the reddest (h° = 17.5), they did not stand out in other analyzed parameters. RGG climber had the biggest hips (8.86 g), which also contained highest sugar levels (50.9 g/100 g DW). RAL stood out as the cultivar rich in organic acids (33.9 g/100 g DW), mainly because of high quinic acid content (17.6 g/100g DW). FDH and RSW hips were characterized by particularly high ascorbic acid levels (4325 mg/100 g DW and 4711 mg/100 g DW). Other ornamental cultivars contained low amounts of ascorbic acid compared to the analyzed species. The phenolic profile was species/cultivars‐specific. The greatest diversity of phenolic compounds was detected in RUG and FDH hips (55 and 54 different tentatively identified compounds with HPLC/MS). Flavanols represented the main phenolic class in most of the investigated species/cultivars and RGG hips contained the highest amount of catechin and proanthocyandin derivatives (15855 μg/g DW). Altogether RAL hips contained the highest quantity of phenolics (44746 μg/g DW) mainly due to high levels of hydrolysable tannins compared to other species/cultivars. Although small, hips of BON and REP were most abundant regarding β‐carotene and lycopene content, respectively.
Frustrated Leadership: Russia's Economic Alternative to the West
Authors: Johnson Juliet , Köstem Seçkin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe Russian government saw the 2008 global financial crisis as both a repudiation of western neoliberalism and as an ideal opportunity to promote its own international economic leadership. Russia's alternative vision encompasses multipolarity, financial nationalism and political illiberalism. These policies are symbiotic. The state uses its control over financial flows to build and maintain political and economic power at home as well as to project its influence abroad, all justified with a strong dose of great power nationalism positioning Russia as the Eurasian pole in an emerging multipolar world order. However, the Kremlin is doomed to frustration in its quest to assert international economic leadership. The Russian government has the ability to shake up the existing international order but lacks the credibility, stability, or economic clout to lead the creation of a new one. This has troubling implications for the future of international economic cooperation and reform, as Russia's frustrations have increasingly turned it in reactive and confrontational directions.
Knowledge of oral cancer risk factors amongst high‐risk Australians: findings from the LESIONS programme
Authors: Dost F , Do L , Farah CS 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatient awareness of risk factors associated with cancer has been shown to increase patient presentation for screening and early detection. This study aimed to identify the level of awareness of oral cancer risk factors in a high risk Australian population.MethodsParticipants were recruited from the LESIONS programme between April 2012 and April 2014. Demographics were collected via semi‐structured interview. A self‐administered questionnaire was provided, listing a number of possible oral cancer risk factors. Participants were requested to indicate their level of agreement on a three‐point scale. Bivariate and multivariable analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 1498 participants took part in the LESIONS programme and were invited to complete the questionnaire. The most common risk factors thought to be associated with oral cancer were smoking (87.5%), poor oral hygiene (67.9%) and family history (61.1%). Only 50.2% of respondents were aware of alcohol consumption as a risk factor.ConclusionsWhile most participants were aware of the association between smoking and oral cancer, only half were aware of the significant risk alcohol consumption poses. A significant portion of participants also held a number of inaccurate beliefs in relation to oral cancer risk. These findings can benefit both clinicians and public health policy makers in targeting oral cancer education.
Effect of photodynamic therapy adjunct to scaling and root planing in periodontitis patients: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Pulikkotil SJ , Toh CG , Mohandas K , Leong KVG 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundA randomized split‐mouth controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in reducing Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in periodontitis patients.MethodsTwenty patients with periodontitis were recruited for the trial. Following random allocation of either quadrants of the selected jaw to test or control treatment, conventional non‐surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) was performed. In addition, the test side received adjunct photodynamic therapy. Probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing (BoP) and plaque scores (PS%) were recorded at phase 0 (baseline), phase 1 (immediately after NSPT), phase 2 (7 days following NSPT), phase 3 (1 month following NSPT) and phase 4 (3 months following NSPT). Subgingival plaque samples for quantification of Aa by real‐time polymerase chain reaction was performed at phases 0, 1, 2 and 4.ResultsThere was a significant clinical improvement at phases 3 and 4 compared with baseline while BoP reduced significantly only in the test group at phase 4. However, no difference in the quantification of Aa was detected between the groups.ConclusionsWithin the limits of the study, PDT adjunct to scaling and root planing does not lead to quantitative reduction of Aa in periodontitis patients.
Plasma mepivacaine concentrations in patients undergoing third molar surgery
Authors: Scarparo HC , Maia RN , Filho EA dos Santos , Soares ECS , Costa FWG , Fonteles CSR , Bezerra TP , Ribeiro TR , Romero NR 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundLocal anaesthetic‐related systemic toxicity mainly results from elevated plasma concentrations of these drugs. We hypothesized that intraoral injection of submaximal doses of mepivacaine does not lead to toxic levels of this drug in blood. This study evaluated the plasma levels of mepivacaine in third molars surgeries.MethodsTwenty‐one patients were randomly assigned into two groups: group I (two unilateral third molars; submaximal dose of mepivacaine 108 mg with epinephrine 54 μg) and group II (four third molars; submaximal dose of mepivacaine 216 mg with epinephrine 108 μg). Blood samples were collected before anaesthesia, and 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 90 and 120 min after anaesthesia.ResultsIndividual peak plasma concentrations ranged 0.77–8.31 μg/mL (group I) and from 2.36–7.72 μg/mL (group II). An increase in the average dose of mepivacaine from 1.88 ± 0.12 mg/kg (group I) to 3.35 ± 0.17 mg/kg (group II) increased the mean mepivacaine peak plasma levels from 2.33 ± 0.58 to 4.01 ± 0.69 μg/mL, respectively. Four patients obtained plasma levels of mepivacaine above the threshold for toxicity (5 μg/mL).ConclusionsToxic levels of mepivacaine are possible, even when a submaximal dose is used. A twofold increase in the dose of mepivacaine caused the mean peak plasma concentration to increase proportionally, indicating that they may be predicted based on the relation of dose per bodyweight.
A Radical Endeavor: Joseph Chamberlain and the Emergence of Municipal Socialism in Birmingham
Authors: Gehrke Jules P. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractJoseph Chamberlain, an industrial entrepreneur, proponent of the “civic gospel,” and emerging British Radical Liberal leader of the 1870s, established Birmingham as one of the most influential models for municipal socialism in Europe and North America. Arguing gas and water ought to be in public hands and city officials ought to take a role in securing inhabitants’ health, he set the stage for continued mayoral activism and municipal socialism in the late 19th and early 20th century.
Diversifying sub‐Mediterranean pinewoods with oak species in a context of assisted migration: responses to local climate and light environment
Authors: Martín‐Alcón Santiago , Coll Lluís , Ameztegui Aitor 
Published: January 2016

AbstractQuestionsHow do thermal migration distance and extreme cold events affect seedling emergence and survival in assisted migration schemes in the sub‐Mediterranean context? What role does plant provenance play? Can biotic interactions such as nurse effect of the overstorey and shrub layer buffer the negative responses to plant translocation? Are any of these effects species‐specific?LocationThree pinewoods in the Catalan Pre‐Pyrenees, northeast Iberian Peninsula.MethodsWe used a replicated field trial to test the early years establishment of two contrasted provenances of four Quercus species (Q. coccifera, Q. ilex, Q. faginea and Q. pubescens) that were sown and planted along gradients of elevation and understorey microsite conditions in sub‐Mediterranean pinewoods. Seedling responses to translocation were evaluated through seedling emergence, seedling survival and re‐sprouting after dieback events according to seedling provenance, thermal migration distance, extreme cold events and microenvironment.ResultsThe study reports high success of both the planting (with an overall 76.3% of initial 3‐yr survival) and sowing (with an overall 50% of seedling emergence) experiments. The results show that: (1) the thermal migration distance and the occurrence of extreme cold events have strong effects on the responses of the translocated species (particularly the evergreen oaks); (2) the forest overstorey plays an important role in attenuating the negative effects of thermal migration distance on seedling survival; and (3) these responses are species‐specific. The evergreen Quercus species showed more evidence of high ecotypic differentiation in terms of cold tolerance, enabling local provenances to respond better to translocation. In contrast, marcescent species, showed high phenotypic plasticity that led to a better overall establishment success.ConclusionThe implementation of assisted migration is a feasible option to increase the diversity and resilience of the sub‐Mediterranean pinewoods. Assisted migration programmes should manage risks by thoroughly considering thermal migration distances and the occurrence of extreme cold events when selecting species and seed sources, since Mediterranean tree species show different strategies regarding adaptation to cold. Programme managers should also consider the advantage of planting/sowing under relatively closed canopy to buffer some of the negative responses associated with translocation.
Comparative morphology of the female genital ducts of seven eubrachyuran crabs (Saint Laurent, 1980)
Authors: de Souza Leonardo Peres , Ogawa Cynthia Yuri , Silva José Roberto Feitosa , Camargo‐Mathias Maria Izabel 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThree brachyuran groups can be defined based on genital orifices' location: coxae – Podotremata, coxal (males) or sternal (females) – Heterotremata and sternal – Thoracotremata. Aiming to compare Heterotremata (three species) and Thoracotremata (four species), we provide a detailed morphological description of the genital ducts. To do so, 50 females were collected and dissected, and macroscopic and histological description of their reproductive system is presented. In all of the specimens, the system is bilaterally sy, consisting a pair of ovaries and of genital ducts. Also, genital ducts have four components: oviduct, seminal receptacle, vagina and gonopore. Ovaries may be connected to seminal receptacle through dorsal or ventral region. In the Heterotremata studied, both types are observed, while it is only ventral in Thoracotremata. Seminal receptacle has two regions in all species: ventral – simple columnar secretory epithelium, apical region covered with cuticle, and middorsal – epithelium could be columnar secretory or stratified. Vagina is concave in all analysed Thoracotremata and simple in Heterotremata. An operculum was observed in all the Thoracotremata. Observed morphological patterns are consistent throughout Thoracotremata, while varying in Heterotremata, that is the way ovary and receptacle are connected and the kind of epithelia that forms the receptacle.
Sleep Disturbances and Symptoms of Depression and Daytime Sleepiness in Pregnant Women
Authors: Tsai Shao‐Yu , Lin Jou‐Wei , Wu Wei‐Wen , Lee Chien‐Nan , Lee Pei‐Lin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBackgroundSleep disturbance, depression, and daytime sleepiness are among the most prevalent symptoms reported by women during pregnancy. However, available data on the association between sleep disturbances and symptoms of depression and daytime sleepiness in pregnant women are sparse and methodological limitations have been acknowledged. The purpose of the study was to examine objective and self‐reported sleep disturbances and symptoms of depression and daytime sleepiness in a group of healthy pregnant women.MethodsA total of 274 third‐trimester pregnant women wore a wrist actigraph continuously for 7 days to assess objective sleep quality and quantity. Self‐reported sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), with self‐reported poor sleep quality defined as a PSQI score more than 5. The Center for Epidemiologic Studies‐Depression Scale (CES‐D) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were used to evaluate symptoms of depression and daytime sleepiness, respectively.ResultsSixty‐four (23.4%) women were at risk for clinical depression and 69 (25.2%) had daytime sleepiness. Risk of clinically meaningful depressive symptomatology was significantly increased in women with objective total nighttime sleep less than 6 hours (OR 2.53 [95% CI 1.26–5.08]) and self‐reported poor sleep quality (OR 3.31 [95% CI 1.74–6.30]), even after multiple adjustment. Neither objective nor self‐reported sleep disturbances increased daytime sleepiness in this group of pregnant women.DiscussionBoth objective nighttime sleep less than 6 hours and self‐reported poor sleep quality in healthy third‐trimester pregnant women is associated with significant risks for clinical depression. Improving sleep would likely be associated with a reduction in depression symptom severity and an attenuation of the prevalence of depression in pregnant women.
Advances in therapy for Philadelphia‐positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia of childhood and adolescence
Authors: Bleckmann Kirsten , Schrappe Martin 
Published: January 2016

SummaryThe presence of the BCR/ABL1 fusion gene in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) is a rare finding and has been an adverse prognostic factor associated with a high risk of therapeutic failure. The current key components of treatment are intensive polychemotherapy and a BCR/ABL1 kinase domain inhibitor. This treatment approach has been applied in a few clinical trials by paediatric leukaemia study groups. Thus, this subtype of ALL serves as the first model system for truly targeted treatment. The role of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is increasingly called into question, at least in a favourable, though not yet clearly defined, subset of patients. Currently, the choice of the most effective tyrosine kinase inhibitor is not yet settled, in particular, in view of potential reduction of overall treatment intensity.
What factors may assist social workers to promote life satisfaction and personal growth among first‐time grandfathers?
Authors: Ben Shlomo Shirley , Taubman ‐ Ben‐Ari Orit 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDrawing on positive psychology and the perception of families as systems, the current study examined the contribution of variables regarding first‐time grandfathers and their sons, who have become first‐time fathers, to grandfathers' life satisfaction and personal growth. In addition, the association between the frequency of meetings between grandfather and grandchild to grandfathers' life satisfaction and personal growth was examined.The sample consisted of 106 pairs of first‐time Jewish Israeli grandfathers and their sons (n = 212). The grandfathers completed questionnaires relating to personal variables such as narcissism, family relations and frequency of meetings with the grandchild, and reported on their sense of life satisfaction and personal growth. The fathers completed questionnaires relating to personal variables, narcissism and family relations.Higher levels of grandfathers' life satisfaction were associated with their own perception of good family relations; higher levels of grandfathers' personal growth were related to their narcissism. The grandfather's perception of the frequency of meetings with the grandchild was found to moderate between the father's narcissism and the grandfather's life satisfaction and personal growth.The findings point to the crucial role social workers may play in enhancing life satisfaction and enabling personal growth through dedicated intergenerational interventions.
Soft tissue stability and volumetric changes after 5 years in pontic sites with or without soft tissue grafting: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sanz‐Martín Ignacio , Sailer Irena , Hämmerle Christoph H. F. , Thoma Daniel S. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTo evaluate volumetric changes (VC) of pontic sites with or without soft tissue grafting over 5 years.Material and MethodsTwelve patients participating in a prospective clinical trial evaluating fixed dental prostheses (FDPs) were selected on the basis of having received a subepithelial connective tissue graft for soft volume augmentation in pontic sites (augmentation group [AG]). An additional 12 patients, belonging to the same study, that had not received soft tissue grafting were used as controls (control group [CG]). Casts made from dental impressions taken at prosthesis delivery (baseline [BL]) and at 5 years (5‐FU) were digitized, and linear and volumetric measurements performed to assess the soft tissue pontic height (PH), abutment height (AH), (VC) and changes in tissue thickness (TT) on the buccal side of the pontics.ResultsThere were no significant differences at BL between the two groups for linear measurements (P > 0.05). The changes in soft tissue pontic height (PHC) amounted to a loss in the height of 0.34 mm (SD = 0.5) and 0.35 mm (0.2) for AG and CG, respectively. The mean VC amounted to a loss of 5.31 mm3 (±1.1) (AG) and 4.32 mm3 (±1.7) (CG). None of the changes between BL and 5‐FU in volumetric and linear measurements, including TT and mean mesial and distal abutment height changes (mAHC and dAHC), reached statistically significant differences between AG and CG (P > 0.05). However the changes in linear measurements from BL to 5‐FU were significant in all parameters for both groups (P < 0.01).ConclusionAt an observational period of 5 years, pontic sites with or without grafting under FDPs demonstrated similar dimensional stability.Clinical relevancePontic sites with or without grafting are volumetrically stable over 5 years.
Development of Implant Stability Quotient values of implants placed with simultaneous sinus floor elevation – results of a prospective study with 109 implants
Authors: Kuchler Ulrike , Chappuis Vivianne , Bornstein Michael M. , Siewczyk Marta , Gruber Reinhard , Maestre Laura , Buser Daniel 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectivesIn patients with implant placement and simultaneous sinus floor elevation (SFE), healing periods of 6 months have been the standard of care for more than 25 years. The primary objective of this prospective case series study was to determine what percentage of implants placed with SFE reach a threshold Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) of ≥70 after 8 weeks of healing using Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA).Material and MethodsA total of 109 dental implants were placed in 97 patients. SFE was carried out with a lateral window approach and a mixture of autogenous bone chips and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). Titanium screw‐type, tissue‐level implants with a chemically modified SLA surface were used. ISQ values were measured after implant insertion (ISQBL) and after 8 weeks of healing (ISQ8 wk). Patients showing ISQ8 wk ≥ 70 subsequently underwent restoration. Implants with an ISQ value < 70 were recalled at 2‐week intervals.ResultsThe ISQ at baseline had a mean value of 68.3 (SD ± 9.8). At 8 weeks, the mean ISQ value was 73.6 (SD ± 6.4). This increase was statistically significant (P < 0.001). An ISQ8 wk value ≥70 was observed for 91 implants (83%). One implant (0.9%) with a peri‐implant infection and severe bone loss at 8 weeks was considered an early failure.ConclusionsThis study showed that 83% of implants reached the threshold level of ISQ ≥ 70 after 8 weeks, allowing an early loading protocol. The early failure rate was considered low with 0.9%. The RFA technology is a suitable method to objectively monitor implant stability longitudinally.
Locus Coeruleus Dysfunction in Transgenic Rats with Low Brain Angiotensinogen
Authors: Ogier Michael , Bricca Giampiero , Bader Michael , Bezin Laurent 
Published: January 2016

SummaryAimsTransgenic TGR(ASrAOGEN)680 (TGR) rats with specific downregulation of glial angiotensinogen (AOGEN) synthesis develop cardiovascular deficits, anxiety, altered response to stress, and depression. Here, we evaluated whether these deficits are associated with alteration of the integrity of the noradrenergic system originating from locus coeruleus (LC) neurons.MethodsAdult TGR rats were compared to control Sprague Dawley rats in terms of the following: tissue levels of transcripts encoding noradrenergic markers, tissue tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) protein level, in vivo TH activity, density of TH‐containing fibers, behavioral response to novelty, locomotor activity, and polysomnography.ResultsTH expression was increased in the LC of TGR rats compared to controls. In LC terminal fields, there was an increase in density of TH‐containing fibers in TGR rats that was associated with an elevation of in vivo TH activity. TGR rats also displayed locomotor hyperactivity in response to novelty. Moreover, polysomnographic studies indicated that daily paradoxical sleep duration was increased in TGR rats and that the paradoxical sleep rebound triggered by total sleep deprivation was blunted in these rats.ConclusionsAltogether, these results suggest that disruption of astroglial AOGEN synthesis leads to cardiovascular, cognitive, behavioral, and sleep disorders that might be partly due to LC dysfunction.