bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of denture installation at mandibular rest position on unsteady motion of the centre of pressure in postural sway
Authors: Yoshino N. , Nozaki K. , Maeda Y. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWearing dentures has been believed to decrease the instability of the postural sway using the total length of centre of pressure (CoP) trajectory or the magnitude of its variability. However, the physical aspects of the postural sway have not been taken into account while evaluating the CoP in patients who wear dentures. The CoP fluctuations are found to show a random walk process. Therefore, changes in the random movement of CoP caused by wearing dentures should be examined by nonlinear dynamics that enables analysis of the characteristics found in the random movement. We evaluated the effect of complete denture installation on CoP sway for twenty‐six edentulous patients by performing the following steps. First, we excluded subjects who did not show crossover in spectral analyses. Then, we evaluated the spectral characteristics and phase shifts of the velocities of CoP sway for the subjects who showed crossover. We found that wearing complete dentures decreased the fluctuations in the high‐frequency part of the power spectral density (PSD) and the phase shift in the mediolateral direction. On the other hand, we also found that the use of complete dentures decreased the fluctuations of PSD amplitude in the anteroposterior direction. From the point of view of the kinetic energy of the musculoskeletal system, we suggested that the use of complete dentures could reduce the energy consumption for the standing posture.
Maximum bite force at age 70 years predicts all‐cause mortality during the following 13 years in Japanese men
Authors: Iwasaki M. , Yoshihara A. , Sato N. , Sato M. , Taylor G. W. , Ansai T. , Ono T. , Miyazaki H. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryThere is limited information on the impact of oral function on mortality among older adults. The aim of this prospective cohort study was to examine whether an objective measure of oral function, maximum bite force (MBF), is associated with mortality in older adults during a 13‐year follow‐up period. Five hundred and fifty‐nine community‐dwelling Japanese (282 men and 277 women) aged 70 years at baseline were included in the study. Medical and dental examinations and a questionnaire survey were conducted at baseline. Maximum bite force was measured using an electronic recording device (Occlusal Force‐Meter GM10). Follow‐up investigation to ascertain vital status was conducted 13 years after baseline examinations. Survival rates among MBF tertiles were compared using Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by sex. There were a total of 111 deaths (82 events for men and 29 for women). Univariable analysis revealed that male participants in the lower MBF tertile had increased risk of all‐cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR) = 1·94, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1·13–3·34] compared with those in the upper MBF tertile. This association remained significant after adjustment for confounders (adjusted HR = 1·84, 95% CI = 1·07–3·19). Conversely, no association between MBF and all‐cause mortality was observed in female participants. Maximum bite force was independently associated with all‐cause mortality in older Japanese male adults. These data provide additional evidence for the association between oral function and geriatric health.
Association between lipoxin A4 and interleukin‐12 in gingival crevicular fluid: a preliminary investigation
Authors: Tarannum F. , Faizuddin M. 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectiveThe balance between host proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory immune responses is a key determinant for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. This study aimed to explore the possibility of an association between lipoxin A4 and interleukin‐12 in chronic periodontitis.Material and MethodsForty‐five patients with chronic periodontitis and 45 periodontally healthy patients were included in this case–control study. Plaque index, calculus index, gingival index, sulcus bleeding index, full‐mouth probing depth and clinical attachment loss were recorded. Gingival crevicular fluid samples were collected and analysed for interleukin‐12 and lipoxin A4 using ELISA.ResultsThe mean concentration of lipoxin A4 was lower in the periodontitis group compared with the periodontally healthy group. There was a negative correlation between interleukin‐12 and lipoxin A4 in both groups. There was a negative correlation between clinical attachment loss and lipoxin A4, and a positive correlation between clinical attachment loss and interleukin‐12. However, the correlations were statistically insignificant.ConclusionsThe mean interleukin‐12 concentration was significantly higher in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with periodontitis than in that from with healthy patients, and the mean lipoxin A4 concentration was lower in patients with periodontitis than in healthy patients. Lipoxin A4 possibly has an inhibitory effect on interleukin‐12.
The bile acid deoxycholate elicits defences in Arabidopsis and reduces bacterial infection
Authors: Zarattini Marco , Launay Alban , Farjad Mahsa , Wénès Estelle , Taconnat Ludivine , Boutet Stéphanie , Bernacchia Giovanni , Fagard Mathilde 
Published: April 2016

SummaryDisease has an effect on crop yields, causing significant losses. As the worldwide demand for agricultural products increases, there is a need to pursue the development of new methods to protect crops from disease. One mechanism of plant protection is through the activation of the plant immune system. By exogenous application, ‘plant activator molecules’ with elicitor properties can be used to activate the plant immune system. These defence‐inducing molecules represent a powerful and often environmentally friendly tool to fight pathogens. We show that the secondary bile acid deoxycholic acid (DCA) induces defence in Arabidopsis and reduces the proliferation of two bacterial phytopathogens: Erwinia amylovora and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. We describe the global defence response triggered by this new plant activator in Arabidopsis at the transcriptional level. Several induced genes were selected for further analysis by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction. We describe the kinetics of their induction and show that abiotic stress, such as moderate drought or nitrogen limitation, does not impede DCA induction of defence. Finally, we investigate the role in the activation of defence by this bile acid of the salicylic acid biosynthesis gene SID2, of the receptor‐like kinase family genes WAK1–3 and of the NADPH oxidase‐encoding RbohD gene. Altogether, we show that DCA constitutes a promising molecule for plant protection which can induce complementary lines of defence, such as callose deposition, reactive oxygen species accumulation and the jasmonic acid and salicylic acid signalling pathways.
Total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation versus subtotal parathyroidectomy for renal hyperparathyroidism: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Juan , Jia Xiaoyan , Kong Xianglei , Wang Zunsong , Cui Meiyu , Xu Dongmei 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAimTotal parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation (TPTX + AT) and subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPTX) have been recommended to patients with renal hyperparathyroidism (RHPT).But which one is the best surgical method remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to compare the two surgical procedures with respect to long‐term outcomes.MethodsA literature search was undertaken using Medline, EMBASE, CNKI and CBM from inception to May 2015. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Data were analyzed using Review Manager version 5.1.0.ResultsA total of 13 studies comprising 1589 patients with renal failure were identified. There was no statistically significant difference in the rate of symptomatic improvement (OR 0.77; 95%CI 0.22 to 2.69; P = 0.68), radiological success (OR 0.17; 95%CI 0.02 to 1.56; P = 0.90), hyperparathyroidism recurrence or persistence (OR 1.31; 95%CI 0.65 to 2.65; P = 0.45) and reoperation (OR 1.55; 95%CI 0.62 to 3.86; P = 0.35) between TPTX + AT and SPTX. The effects on serum calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were similar between two surgical protocols.ConclusionBoth the TPTX + AT and SPTX were effective in treating RHPT and preventing recurrence. The difference between the two surgeries in recurrence or persistence and reoperation rate was insignificant. Further prospective, randomized controlled trials with high statistic power are necessary to comparative the two surgeries on the long term safety.
Dextrose‐containing intraoperative fluid in neonates: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Datta Priyankar K. , Pawar Dilip K. , Baidya Dalim K. , Maitra Souvik , Aravindan Ajisha , Srinivas Maddur , Lakshmy Ramakrishnan , Gupta Nandita , Bajpai Minu , Bhatnagar Veereshwar , Agarwala Sandeep 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackgroundGlucose requirement in neonates during surgery and the impact of glucose supplementation on neonatal metabolism remain unclear.AimThis study was designed to identify an appropriate perioperative fluid regimen in neonates which maintains carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis.MethodsForty‐five neonates undergoing primary repair of a trachea‐esophageal fistula were randomly allocated into three groups. During surgery, the neonates received either 1% dextrose in Ringer lactate (RL) (group D1) at 10 ml·kg−1·h−1, or 2% dextrose in RL (group D2) at 10 ml·kg−1·h−1, or 10% dextrose in N/5 saline at 4 ml·kg−1·h−1 and replacement fluid with 6 ml·kg−1·h−1 of RL (group D4). Glucose homeostasis, electrolyte balance, acid–base status, and endocrine and metabolic parameters were compared among the groups during the perioperative period.ResultsBlood glucose increased in all the three groups at the end of surgery, with no significant difference in blood glucose and incidence of hyperglycemia (BG > 150 mg·dl−1) among them. At 24 h after surgery, blood glucose and incidence of hyperglycemia was significantly higher in Group D1 compared to Group D4. Base excess, bicarbonate, lactate, and pH showed a significant fall in Group D1. There was no significant difference in serum‐free fatty acids, serum beta‐hydroxy butyrate, and serum cortisol in three groups. At the end of surgery, serum insulin was significantly lower and glucagon : insulin (G : I) ratio was higher in Group D1 compared to Group D4.ConclusionsAll three solutions, when infused at 10 ml·kg−1·h−1, are equally effective in maintaining glucose homeostasis, but 1% dextrose‐containing fluid promotes catabolism, insulin resistance, rebound hyperglycemia, and acidosis. Therefore, 2–4% dextrose‐containing fluids is more suitable compared to 1% dextrose‐containing fluids for use during major neonatal surgeries requiring average fluid infusion rate of 10 ml·kg−1·h−1.
A comparison of the Truview PCD and the GlideScope Cobalt AVL video‐laryngoscopes to the Miller blade for successfully intubating manikins simulating normal and difficult pediatric airways
Authors: Hippard Helena K. , Kalyani Govindan , Olutoye Olutoyin A. , Mann David G. , Watcha Mehernoor F. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackgroundVideo‐laryngoscopes provide better glottic visualization, but tracheal intubation times are longer, compared to conventional direct laryngoscopy in adult patients with normal airways. The objective of this randomized crossover study was to compare times to successful tracheal intubation with video‐laryngoscope and direct laryngoscopy in manikins simulating infants with normal and abnormal airways.MethodsThirty experienced pediatric anesthesia practitioners performed tracheal intubation in three distinct manikins simulating infants with (i) a normal airway (ii), an anterior larynx, and (iii) the Pierre Robin sequence anatomy. These were performed using a standard Miller #1 blade, the GlideScope Cobalt AVL, and the Truview PCD video‐laryngoscope, first in a normal neck and then an unstable cervical spine scenario (18 intubations/subject). The specific assigned order of devices and manikins for each participant was based on a three by three Latin square design to minimize carryover effects between the model and the device. Predefined times to intubation were analyzed by Cox regression model and Kaplan–Meier survival curves.ResultsIntubation times were shorter and success rates were higher with the Miller blade compared to either the GlideScope or the Truview videoscope in all three manikins in both scenarios, but did not differ between the GlideScope and the Truview devices. Improved intubation times and success rates in the unstable cervical spine scenario compared to the normal neck were attributed to learning effects with sequential intubation.ConclusionHigher success rates and shorter intubation times with the Miller blade compared to either video‐laryngoscope may reflect greater experience with direct laryngoscopy, need for more video‐laryngoscopy training, or result from the manikin design. Individual practitioners may differ in their preference of device for intubating a child with anticipated difficult airway based on their previous experiences, self‐assessment of their skills, and evaluation of the child's airway anatomy.
Short‐term sensorimotor‐based intervention for handwriting performance in elementary school children
Authors: Alhusaini Adel A , Melam Ganeswara Rao , Buragadda Syamala 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundHandwriting problems in childhood can have lifelong repercussions, affecting learning and career. Sensorimotor intervention therefore helps to alleviate these problems.MethodsThirty‐one students (16 boys, 15 girls) underwent Minnesota Handwriting Assessment (MHA) to assess legibility, form, alignment, size, and spacing (the primary variables in this subject) as well as rate. Finally, 10 students (seven boys, three girls) aged 6–8 years (mean age, 77.1 ± 1.45 months) participated in an intervention program. Baseline MHA, Handwriting Proficiency Screening Questionnaire (HPSQ), and grip strength were measured. The same group of students acted as their own controls and were analyzed before the interventions and later after completion of the protocol.ResultsThere was a significant improvement in MHA scores for legibility, form, alignment, size and spacing (P < 0.05), with the exception of rate. There were also significant changes in legibility, time performance and physical and emotional wellbeing domains in the HPSQ, and grip strength (P < 0.05, paired t‐test).ConclusionShort‐term sensorimotor‐based intervention produced significant improvements in the handwriting performance of elementary school children.
Disabled children's functionality and maternal quality of life and psychological status
Authors: Yıldız Aysel , Tarakcı Devrim , Hajebrahimi Farzin , Mutluay Fatma 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundPhysiotherapy is being provided for different disabled groups in pediatric rehabilitation centers. The quality of life (QOL) and psychological status of the mothers of these children is affecting their compliance in the rehabilitation period. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the relationship between disability level of individuals receiving rehabilitation and maternal QOL, psychological status and influencing factors.MethodsOne hundred and twenty‐six disabled children and their mothers were included in this cross‐sectional study. Demographic information was noted. Child motor level was assessed using the Gross Motor Function Classification System and the level of independency in activities of daily living (ADL) was assessed with the Katz ADL scale. Maternal QOL was assessed with the 36‐item Short Form (SF‐36), and psychological status with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). SPSS 18.0 was used to analyze data.ResultsMean maternal age was 36.46 ± 7.2 years. Of the children, 67.5% had physical problems, 16.7% had mental problems, 7.9% had autism, 4.8% had hyperactivity, and 3.2% had hearing and speaking problems. Mild depression was detected in mothers (mean BDI score, 11.27 ± 8.1). There was no correlation between child disability level and maternal QOL and depression (P > 0.05). Maternal BDI score was negatively correlated with all SF‐36 subscale scores (P < 0.001 for all parameters).ConclusionThe SF‐36 subscale scores of mothers of disabled children were decreased compared with Turkish community norms. Psychological support of mothers of children in the rehabilitation period may positively affect this period.
Antibody responses to surface antigens of Plasmodium falciparum gametocyte‐infected erythrocytes and their relation to gametocytaemia
Authors: Dinko B. , King E. , Targett G.A.T. , Sutherland C.J. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryAn essential element for continuing transmission of Plasmodium falciparum is the availability of mature gametocytes in human peripheral circulation for uptake by mosquitoes. Natural immune responses to circulating gametocytes may play a role in reducing transmission from humans to mosquitoes. Here, antibody recognition of the surface of mature intra‐erythrocytic gametocytes produced either by a laboratory‐adapted parasite, 3D7, or by a recent clinical isolate of Kenyan origin (HL1204), was evaluated longitudinally in a cohort of Ghanaian school children by flow cytometry. This showed that a proportion of children exhibited antibody responses that recognized gametocyte surface antigens on one or both parasite lines. A subset of the children maintained detectable anti‐gametocyte surface antigen (GSA) antibody levels during the 5 week study period. There was indicative evidence that children with anti‐GSA antibodies present at enrolment were less likely to have patent gametocytaemia at subsequent visits (odds ratio = 0·29, 95% CI 0·06–1·05; P = 0·034). Our data support the existence of antigens on the surface of gametocyte‐infected erythrocytes, but further studies are needed to confirm whether antibodies against them reduce gametocyte carriage. The identification of GSA would allow their evaluation as potential anti‐gametocyte vaccine candidates and/or biomarkers for gametocyte carriage.
In vivo and in vitro phagocytosis of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis promastigotes by B‐1 cells
Authors: Geraldo M. M. , Costa C. R. , Barbosa F. M. C. , Vivanco B. C. , Gonzaga W.F. K. M. , Novaes e Brito R. R. , Popi A. F. , Lopes J. D. , Xander P. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryLeishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania parasites that infect several cell types. The promastigote stage of Leishmania is internalized by phagocytic cells and transformed into the obligate intracellular amastigote form. B‐1 cells are a subpopulation of B cells that are able to differentiate in vitro and in vivo into mononuclear phagocyte‐like cells with phagocytic properties. B‐1 cells use several receptors for phagocytosis, such as the mannose receptor and third complement receptor. Leishmania binds to the same receptors on macrophages. In this study, we demonstrated that phagocytes derived from B‐1 cells (B‐1 CDP) were able to internalize promastigotes of L. (L.) amazonensis in vitro. The internalized promastigotes differentiated into amastigotes. Our results showed that the phagocytic index was higher in B‐1 CDP compared to peritoneal macrophages and bone marrow‐derived macrophages. The in vivo phagocytic ability of B‐1 cells was also demonstrated. Parasites were detected inside purified B‐1 cells after intraperitoneal infection with L. (L.) amazonensis promastigotes. Intraperitoneal stimulation with the parasites led to an increase in both IL‐10 and TNF‐α. These results highlight the importance of studying B‐1 CDP cells as phagocytic cells that can participate and contribute to immunity to parasites.
Analyses of several seed viability markers in individual recalcitrant seeds of Eugenia stipitata McVaugh with totipotent germination
Authors: Calvi G. P. , Aud F. F. , Ferraz I. D. K. , Pritchard H. W. , Kranner I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe use of biochemical seed viability markers is often compromised by the unknown partitioning of analytes in bulk seed lots consisting of inseparable populations of viable and nonviable seeds. We took advantage of an unusual morphological syndrome found in the recalcitrant, undifferentiated seeds of Eugenia stipitata: one seed can be cut into several parts, each of which can germinate and develop into seedlings. We used four seed parts from one individual seed to analyse seed moisture content (MC), seed viability and the antioxidant glutathione (γ‐glutamyl‐cysteinyl‐glycine; GSH), glutathione disulphide (GSSG) and intermediates of glutathione synthesis and breakdown. Seeds were exposed to different environmental MC to induce various levels of desiccation stress. Upon storage at high seed MC, seed viability was maintained, while GSH concentration increased and the glutathione half‐cell reduction potential (EGSSG/2GSH) was less negative than −215 mV, indicating GSH production and highly reducing conditions. Storage at low seed MC led to loss of GSH, resulting in a shift in EGSSG/2GSH, and seed death. In contrast, the cyst(e)ine half‐cell reduction potential (ECySS/2CYS) could not distinguish between the viability categories. Previous studies on seed populations revealed that the probability for a seed being alive is 50% at EGSSG/2GSH values between −180 and −160 mV. The single seed approach revealed that the window in which seed viability was lost could be slightly shifted towards more negative values. We discuss the contribution of cellular pH to EGSSG/2GSH and recommend E. stipitata as a recalcitrant seed model to study stress response on a single seed basis.
Body Mass Index Is an Important Predictor for Suicide: Results from a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Perera Stefan , Eisen Rebecca B. , Dennis Brittany B. , Bawor Monica , Bhatt Meha , Bhatnagar Neera , Thabane Lehana , de Souza Russell , Samaan Zainab 
Published: April 2016

Public health concerns for the independent management of obesity and suicidal behavior are rising. Emerging evidence suggests body weight plays an important role in quantifying the risk of suicide. In light of these findings, we aimed to clarify the association between body mass index (BMI) and suicidal behavior by systematically reviewing and evaluating the literature. Studies were identified by searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL from inception to January 2015, supplemented by hand and grey literature searches. Study screening, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment were conducted in duplicate. We included 38 observational studies. Meta‐analyses supported an inverse association between BMI and completed suicide. Pooled summary estimates demonstrated that underweight was significantly associated with an increased risk of completed suicide (HR = 1.21, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.36, p = .002), and obesity (HR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.56 to 0.89, p = .003) and overweight (HR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.75 to 0.82, p < .0001) were significantly associated with a decreased risk of completed suicide relative to normal weight. A qualitative summary of the literature demonstrated conflicting evidence regarding the association between BMI and attempted suicide and revealed no association between BMI and suicidal ideation. BMI may be used to aid the assessment of suicide risk, especially that of completed suicide. However, unmeasured confounders and systematic biases of individual studies limit the quality of evidence.