bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MET-targeting antibody (emibetuzumab) and kinase inhibitor (merestinib) as single agent or in combination in a cancer model bearing MET exon 14 skipping
Authors: Yan S. Betty , Um Suzane L. , Peek Victoria L. , Stephens Jennifer R. , Zeng Wei , Konicek Bruce W. , Liu Ling , Manro Jason R. , Wacheck Volker , Walgren Richard A. 
Published: November 2017

Summary
Purpose Approximately 3% of lung cancer bears mutations leading to MET exon 14 skipping, an oncogenic driver which is further evidenced by case reports of patient response to MET kinase inhibitor treatment. Approximately 15% of tumors harboring MET exon14 skipping have concurrent MET amplification. Experimental Design Merestinib is a type II MET kinase inhibitor. Emibetuzumab, a bivalent anti-MET antibody, internalizes MET receptor. Each single agent and the combination were evaluated in the Hs746t gastric cancer line bearing MET exon14 skipping and MET amplification. Results Merestinib inhibited Hs746t cell proliferation (IC50=34 nM) and totally eliminated pMET at 100nM. Emibetuzumab showed little anti-proliferative activity against Hs746t cells (IC50>100nM), did not reduce pMET, and slightly reduced cell surface MET. In the Hs746t xenograft model, dose dependent differences in durability of response were seen with merestinib including durable tumor regression (91.8%) at 12 mg/kg qd. Emibetuzumab treatment (10mg/kg qw) provided transient tumor regression (37.7%), but tumors re-grew while on treatment. Concurrent combination of merestinib (6 mg/kg qd) and emibetuzumab resulted in 85% tumor regression, while a sequential combination (initiating merestinib first) resulted in longer duration of treatment response. Conclusions Data in this study support a clinical evaluation of merestinib in patients with MET exon 14 skipping (NCT02920996). As a type II MET kinase inhibitor, merestinib may provide a therapeutic option to treatment naïve patients or to patients who progress on type I MET inhibitor treatment. Data also support clinical evaluation of the sequential combination of merestinib with emibetuzumab when patients progress on single agent
merestinib.
Urban Displacement and Resettlement in Zimbabwe: The Paradoxes of Propertied Citizenship
Authors: Hammar Amanda 
Published: November 2017

Abstract:This article examines what urban displacement and resettlement can reveal about the nature of, and co-constitutive relationships among, property, authority, and citizenship. It focuses on an unusual case in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe, where long-term illegal squatters living under constant threat of violent displacement by various local and national authorities were formally resettled by the Bulawayo City Council on peri-urban plots with houses. What surfaces are some of the paradoxes of propertied citizenship and of attaining seemingly “proper” lives in conditions of sustained marginality, a result that is not entirely unexpected when impoverished squatters are resettled far outside the frame of the city and its possibilities.
Whole-genome association study of antibody response to Epstein-Barr virus in an African population: a pilot
Authors: Sallah N. , Carstensen T. , Wakeham K. , Bagni R. , Labo N. , Pollard M. O. , Gurdasani D. , Ekoru K. , Pomilla C. , Young E. H. , Fatumo S. , Asiki G. , Kamali A. , Sandhu M. , Kellam P. , Whitby D. , Barroso I. , Newton R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEpstein Barr virus (EBV) infects 95% of the global population and is associated with up to 2% of cancers globally. Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels to EBV have been shown to be heritable and associated with developing malignancies. We, therefore, performed a pilot genome-wide association analysis of anti-EBV IgG traits in an African population, using a combined approach including array genotyping, whole-genome sequencing and imputation to a panel with African sequence data. In 1562 Ugandans, we identify a variant in human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQA1, rs9272371 (p = 2.6 × 10−17) associated with anti-EBV nuclear antigen-1 responses. Trans-ancestry meta-analysis and fine-mapping with European-ancestry individuals suggest the presence of distinct HLA class II variants driving associations in Uganda. In addition, we identify four putative, novel, very rare African-specific loci with preliminary evidence for association with anti-viral capsid antigen IgG responses which will require replication for validation. These findings reinforce the need for the expansion of such studies in African populations with relevant datasets to capture genetic diversity.
Normal impact of supercooled water drops onto a smooth ice surface: experiments and modelling
Authors: Schremb Markus , Roisman Ilia V. , Tropea Cameron 
Published: November 2017

The present study is devoted to the experimental investigation and theoretical modelling of the interaction between fluid flow and solidification during the impact of supercooled water drops onto an ice surface. Using a high-speed video system, the impact process is captured with a high spatial and temporal resolution in a side view. The lamella thinning and the residual ice layer thickness in the centre of impact are determined from the high-speed videos for varying drop and surface temperatures, and impact velocities. It is shown that the temperature of the impact surface has a negligible influence and the drop temperature has a dominating influence on the lamella thinning and the final ice layer thickness. For decreasing drop temperatures, higher freezing rates cause a decreased rate of lamella thinning and a larger thickness of the resulting ice layer. On the other hand, a higher impact velocity causes an increasing speed of lamella thinning and a smaller thickness of the resulting ice layer. Based on a postulated flow in the spreading lamella and considering the ice layer growth and the developing viscous boundary layer, the upper limit for the resulting ice layer thickness is theoretically modelled. The theory shows very good agreement with the experimental results for all impact conditions. Based on the derived theoretical scaling, a semi-empirical equation is obtained which allows an a priori prediction of the final ice layer thickness resulting from a single drop impact, knowing the impact conditions. This capability is important for the improvement of existing ice accretion models.
Dietary intake, nutritional status and mental wellbeing of homeless adults in Reading, UK
Authors: Fallaize Rosalind , Seale Josephine V. , Mortin Charlotte , Armstrong Lisha , Lovegrove Julie A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMalnutrition has been reported in the homeless, yet the specific nutritional issues faced by each homeless community are unclear. This is in part due to nutrient intake often being compared with dietary reference values as opposed to a comparative housed population. In addition, the complex interplay between nutrient intake, reward mediated behaviour and mental illness is frequently overlooked. This study aimed to compare the dietary intake, nutritional status and mental wellbeing of homeless and housed adults. Homeless (n75) and matched housed (n75) adults were recruited from Reading (UK). Nutrient intake was determined using the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Norfolk FFQ. The Patient Health Questionnaire: Somatic Anxiety Depressive Symptoms (PHQ-SADS) assessed for signs of mental illness. Demographic, behavioural and physiological information was collected using closed-ended questions and anthropometric measurements. Overall, dietary intake was poorer in homeless adults who reported higher intakes of salt (8·0v. 6·4 g,P=0·017), SFA (14·6v. 13·0 %,P=0·002) and alcohol (5·3v. 1·9 %,P<0·001) and lower intakes of fibre (13·4v. 16·3 g,P<0·001), vitamin C (79v. 109 mg,P<0·001) and fruit (96v. 260 g,P<0·001) than housed. Smoking, substance misuse and PHQ-SADS scores were also higher in the homeless (P<0·001). Within the homeless population, street homeless (n24) had lower SFA (13·7v.15·0 %,P=0·010), Ca (858v. 1032 mg,P=0·027) and milk intakes (295v. 449 g,P=0·001) than hostel residents (n51), which may reflect the issues with food storage. This study highlights the disparity between nutritional status in homeless and housed populations and the need for dietary intervention in the homeless community.
The relationships among iron supplement use, Hb concentration and linear growth in young children: Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey
Authors: Mohammed Shimels Hussien , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGrowth faltering and anaemia remain unacceptably high among infants and young children in Ethiopia. In this study, we investigated the relationships among Fe supplement use (ISU), Hb concentration and linear growth, hypothesising positive relationships between ISU and Hb, ISU and linear growth and Hb and linear growth. We used a nationally representative data of 2400 children aged 6–24 months from the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) 2011, conducted following a stratified, two-stage cluster sampling. We examined the links by Pearson’s correlation, bivariate and multivariate linear regression analyses and reported adjusted estimates. We found that ISU was not significantly associated with either Hb (β=1·09; 95 % CI −2·73, 5·01, P=0·567) or linear growth (β=0·07; 95 % CI −0·06, 0·21, P=0·217). We found a positive, however, weak, correlation between Hb and linear growth (r 0·09; 95 % CI 0·06, 0·11, P<0·001). Hb predicted linear growth independent of a variety dietary and non-dietary factors (β=0·08; 95 % CI 0·04, 0·11, P<0·001). Although not the primary focus of the study, our analysis showed that age and breast-feeding duration were independently associated with Hb; age, birth type, size at birth, sex, breast-feeding duration, dietary diversity and deworming were independently associated with linear growth, indicating that Hb and linear growth are multifactorial with both nutritional and non-nutritional factors implicated. Further studies, with better design and exposure assessment, are warranted on the relation of ISU with Hb or linear growth.
Trophic relationship between the invasive parasitic copepod Mytilicola orientalis and its native blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) host
Authors: Goedknegt M. Anouk , Shoesmith David , Jung A. Sarina , Luttikhuizen Pieternella C. , van der Meer Jaap , Philippart Catharina J. M. , van der Veer Henk W. , Thieltges David W. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractInvasive parasites can spill over to new hosts in invaded ecosystems with often unpredictable trophic relationships in the newly arising parasite-host interactions. In European seas, the intestinal copepod Mytilicola orientalis was co-introduced with Pacific oysters (Magallana gigas) and spilled over to native blue mussels (Mytilus edulis), with negative impacts on the condition of infected mussels. However, whether the parasite feeds on host tissue and/or stomach contents is yet unknown. To answer this question, we performed a stable isotope analysis in which we included mussel host tissue and the primary food sources of the mussels, microphytobenthos (MPB) and particulate organic matter (POM). The copepods were slightly enriched in δ15N (mean Δ15N ± s.d.; 1·22 ± 0·58‰) and δ13C (Δ13C 0·25 ± 0·32‰) with respect to their host. Stable isotope mixing models using a range of trophic fractionation factors indicated that host tissue was the main food resource with consistent additional contributions of MPB and POM. These results suggest that the trophic relationship of the invasive copepod with its mussel host is parasitic as well as commensalistic. Stable isotope studies such as this one may be a useful tool to unravel trophic relationships in new parasite-host associations in the course of invasions.
The behavioral constellation of deprivation may be best understood as risk management
Authors: Amir Dorsa , Jordan Matthew R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAlthough the authors make a compelling case that early-life deprivation leads to present orientation, we believe that such behaviors may be better understood in terms of an underlying risk-management strategy, in which those who experience such deprivation are more risk-averse. The model we sketch accommodates the authors' present-orientation observations and further explains differences in risk preferences and social preferences.
Predictability or controllability: Which matters more for the BCD?
Authors: Gassen Jeffrey , Bradshaw Hannah K. , Leyva Randi Proffitt , Hill Sarah E. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPepper & Nettle's theory of the behavioral constellation of deprivation (BCD) would benefit from teasing apart the conceptually distinct – although related – constructs of predictability and control. Our commentary draws from prior research conducted in the learning domain to demonstrate that predictability moderates the effects of control and independently exerts a powerful influence on outcomes relevant to the BCD.
The uncontrollable nature of early learning experiences
Authors: Kurkul Katelyn , Corriveau Kathleen 
Published: November 2017

AbstractEarly learning experiences shape the development of the behavioral constellation of deprivation (BCD) proposed by Pepper & Nettle (P&N). There is considerable variability in early learning experiences across diverse socioeconomic status (SES) backgrounds, particularly when it comes to language. Here, we discuss how early learning experiences are beyond the control of the individual and subsequently contribute to behaviors in P&N's constellation.
Deprived, but not depraved: Prosocial behavior is an adaptive response to lower socioeconomic status
Authors: Robinson Angela R. , Piff Paul K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIndividuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES) display increased attentiveness to others and greater prosocial behavior compared to individuals of higher SES. We situate these effects within Pepper & Nettle's contextually appropriate response framework of SES. We argue that increased prosocial behavior is a contextually adaptive response for lower-SES individuals that serves to increase control over their more threatening social environments.
The link between deprivation and its behavioural constellation is confounded by genetic factors
Authors: Sherlock James M. , Zietsch Brendan P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMost research cited throughout Pepper & Nettle's (P&N's) target article is correlational and suffers from a serious genetic confound that renders it of little evidentiary value. Of correlational findings that are not confounded, P&N ignore examples that contradict their model. Further, P&N's claim that evolutionary models explaining between-species differences in behaviour can be used to understand that corresponding individual differences lack any evidence.
Health behaviour, extrinsic risks, and the exceptions to the rule
Authors: Uggla Caroline 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPepper & Nettle make a compelling case for how evolutionary thinking can help explain behaviours that cluster with deprivation. The role of extrinsic mortality risk in driving behaviour is probably important, but strong evidence is still lacking. By thinking carefully about behaviours seemingly at odds with an evolutionary life history perspective, we can gain important insights that will help refine theory.
Emotional granularity and the musical enjoyment of sadness itself
Authors: Barrett Nathaniel F. , Schulkin Jay , Bernacer Javier 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe contest the claim that musically induced sadness cannot be enjoyable in itself. This possibility is supported by closer attention to a musical experience as well as cases of affective reversal, such as the “hedonic flip” of painful feelings. We propose that the affective reversal of sadness in music is due to the high granularity of musically induced emotion.
Live theatre as exception and test case for experiencing negative emotions in art
Authors: Goldstein Thalia R. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDistancing and then embracing constitutes a useful way of thinking about the paradox of aesthetic pleasure. However, the model does not account for live theatre. When live actors perform behaviors perceptually close to real life and possibly really experienced by the actors, audiences may experience autonomic reactions, with less distance, or may have to distance post-experiencing/embracing their emotions.
Context matters: How macroeconomic forces may alter the reception of negative emotions in art
Authors: Hershfield Hal Ersner , Alter Adam Lee 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMenninghaus et al. offer a comprehensive model to explain why people pursue darker emotions in art, but we believe they underplay the considerable role of situational factors in driving these preferences. In particular, changing mood states are likely to shape artistic preferences, in large part because positive mood states act as a protective buffer against otherwise aversive experiences.
What's Human Rights Got To Do With It? An Empirical Analysis of Human Rights References in Investment Arbitration
Authors: STEININGER SILVIA 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article provides a framework for systematically analyzing the practice, function, and consequences of human rights references in investment arbitration. In recent years, investment arbitration witnessed an enormous increase of references to external sources. References to human rights are especially interesting as they defy the alleged inherent conflict of investment and human rights, as well as the presumed fragmentation of international law. By applying both quantitative and qualitative approaches, I analyze how and why human rights references are employed in investor-state arbitration and, ultimately, whether they are able to remedy the legitimacy crisis of investment arbitration.The empirical analysis is based on 46 awards, which include explicit references to human rights instruments. In the first part, this article examines which human rights instruments are referenced in investment arbitration and how the disputing parties as well as the tribunal engage in human rights referencing. In the second step, the article identifies two strategic functions of referencing human rights: guidance in the determination of substantive provisions and argumentative practice. This article further argues that, from a comparative law perspective, references may help to overcome the indetermination of investment treaties, provide for the balancing of investment and non-investment concerns, and ensure cross-regime consistency. In the third step, this article elaborates on whether those presumed benefits of referencing human rights can be confirmed on the basis of empirical results. It remains to be seen whether the ‘pick and choose’ approach of human rights references is capable of uncovering this legitimating potential.
A view from the wharf: historical perspectives on the transformation of urban waterfront space in Stockholm during the twentieth century
Authors: VALL NATASHA 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACT:This article examines the development of Hammarby Lake City in southern Stockholm on a former industrial, waterfront site during the 1990s. The setting may resemble recent global redevelopments of urban waterfronts and docks; however, in it Stockholm needs to be viewed against longer cultural, aesthetic and historical influences. This includes early twentieth-century precedents rooted in civic and residential engagement with the modern and industrial shoreline. In addition, an informal human interaction with the abandoned southern Hammarby harbour evolved during the 1950s through reoccupation by an itinerant community of workers. Such forerunners have often been overlooked in accounts of a late twentieth-century dramatic transformation of industrial waterfronts. The article concludes that there is scope to align the theme of waterfront development more closely to the longer history of the twentieth-century city. This perspective provides a useful counterpoint to the leading view of such spaces as an expression of late capitalism.
Prevalence and temporal trend (2005–2015) of anaemia among children in Northeast Brazil
Authors: Vieira Regina Coeli da Silva , Livramento Aline Roberta Silva do , Calheiros Monique Suiane Cavalcante , Ferreira Carla Mariana Xavier , Santos Tamara Rodrigues dos , Assunção Monica Lopes de , Ferreira Haroldo da Silva 
Published: November 2017

AbstractObjectiveAnaemia is the main nutritional deficiency in Brazil, and a prevention and control programme (National Program for Iron Supplementation) has been developed since 2005. Studies on the temporal evolution of anaemia prevalence contribute to assessment of the effectiveness of the actions undertaken. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence and temporal trend of anaemia in children.DesignStudy based on two cross-sectional household surveys carried out in 2005 and 2015. Anaemia was defined as Hb<11 g/dl (HemoCue®). Trend analysis was performed using the prevalence ratio (PR), calculated by Poisson regression with a robust adjustment of the variance. Differences were significant when P<0·05 in both crude analyses and those adjusted for possible confounding factors (e.g. socio-economic, demographic and health variables).SettingAlagoas, Brazil.SubjectsIn total, 666 and 782 children in the first and second Alagoas State Health and Nutrition Survey, respectively (probabilistic samples).ResultsIn 2005 and 2015, anaemia prevalence was 45·1 and 27·4 %, respectively (−39·1 %; PR=0·61; 95 % CI 0·52, 0·70). In both surveys, children aged ≤24 months were more affected (P<0·01) than those aged >24 months (67·2 v. 40·7 %; 27·0 v. 19·3 %, respectively).ConclusionsThe prevalence of anaemia reduced significantly in the evaluated period. Thus, it may no longer be a severe public health problem but can instead be considered a problem of moderate magnitude. It remains, however, above the level considered acceptable according to WHO criteria. These results justify the implementation of prevention and control actions.
Noumenal Alienation: Rousseau, Kant and Marx on the Dialectics of Self-Determination
Authors: Forst Rainer 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article argues that alienation (asEntfremdung) should be understood as a particular form of individual and social heteronomy that can only be overcome by a dialectical combination of individual and collective autonomy, recovering a deontological sense of normative authority. If we think about alienation in Kantian terms, the main source of alienation is a denial of standing or, in the extreme, losing a sense of oneself as a rational normative authority equal to all others. I call the former kind of alienation, where persons deny others equal standing as a normative authority in moral or political terms, first order noumenal alienation, as there is no proper mutual cognition and recognition of each other in such a social context. I call the latter kind of alienation, where a subject does not consider themselves an equal normative authority – or an ‘end in oneself’ – second order noumenal alienation (again, in a moral and a political form). In this sense, alienation violates the dignity of humans as moral and political lawgivers – a dignity seen by Rousseau, Kant and Marx as inalienable: It can be denied or violated, but it cannot be lost.