bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of four types of artificial nerve graft structures on the repair of 10‐mm rat sciatic nerve gap
Authors: Zhou Chan , Liu Bin , Huang Yong , Zeng Xiu , You Huajian , Li Jin , Zhang Yaoguang 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInvestigating the effect of four types of artificial nerve graft (ANG) structures on rat sciatic nerve defect repair will aid future ANG designs. In this study, fibroin fibers and polylactic acid were used to prepare four ANGs with differing structures: nerve conduit with micron‐sized pores (Conduit with pore group), nerve conduit without micron‐sized pores (Conduit group), nerve scaffold comprising Conduit with pore group material plus silk fibers (Scaffold with pore group), and nerve scaffold comprising Conduit group material plus silk fibers (Scaffold group). ANGs or autologous nerves (Autologous group) were implanted into 10 mm rat sciatic nerve defects (n = 50 per group). Twenty weeks after nerve grafting, the time required to retract the surgical limb from the hot water was ranked as follows: Conduit with pore group > Scaffold with pore group > Conduit group > Scaffold group > Autologous group. The static sciatic index was ranked in descending order: Autologous group > Scaffold group > Conduit group > Scaffold with pore group > Conduit with pore group. Immunofluorescence staining identified significant differences in the distribution and number of axons, Schwann cells, and fibroblasts. These findings indicate that ANGs with micron‐sized pores had a negative impact on the repair of peripheral nerve defects, while internal microchannels were beneficial. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3077–3085, 2017.
Alkaline poly(ethylene glycol)‐based hydrogels for a potential use as bioactive wound dressings
Authors: Koehler Julia , Verheyen Leonie , Hedtrich Sarah , Brandl Ferdinand P. , Goepferich Achim M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe number of patients with chronic wounds is increasing constantly in today's aging society. However, little work is done so far tackling the associated disadvantageous shift of the wound pH. In our study, we developed two different approaches on pH‐modulating wound dressing materials, namely, bioactive interpenetrating polymer network hydrogels based on poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/N‐vinylimidazole/alginate (named VIx) and poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate/2‐dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate/N‐carboxyethylchitosan (named DMAEMAx). Both formulations showed a good cytocompatibility and wound healing capacity in vitro. The developed dressing materials significantly increased the cell ingrowth in wounded human skin constructs; by 364% and 313% for the VIx and the DMAEMAx hydrogel formulation, respectively. Additionally, VIx hydrogels were found to be suitable scaffolds for superficial cell attachment. Our research on the material properties suggests that ionic interactions and hydrogen bonds are the driving forces for the mechanical and swelling properties of the examined hydrogels. High amounts of positively charged amino groups in DMAEMAx hydrogels caused increased liquid uptake (around 190%), whereas VIx hydrogels showed a 10‐fold higher maximum compressive stress in comparison to hydrogels without ionizable functional groups. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3360–3368, 2017.
In vitro study of central nervous system foreign body response towards hydrogel particle modified planar substrate
Authors: Morin Emily A. , He Wei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCentral nervous system (CNS) neural device functionality hinges on effective communication with surrounding neurons. This depends on both the permissiveness of the device material to promote neuron integration and the ability of the device to avoid a chronic inflammatory response. Previously our lab developed a method using surface adsorbed hydrogel particles (HPs) to promote neuron integration onto typically non‐neural‐permissive substrates. However, little information is known regarding CNS inflammatory cell type responses towards the modified HP surface. In vitro adhesion, proliferation, and activation studies were implemented using NIH 3T3, RAW 264.7, and A172 cell lines to model fibroblast, macrophages and activated microglia, and astrocytes, respectively. For all cell types, the HP modified substrates elicited cell adhesion and sustained cell metabolic activity during a 3‐day culture. RAW 264.7 cell activation was evaluated using a tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α) enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging. Quantified TNF‐α levels from the LbL/HP cells were greater than the control substrate, however, investigation with SEM suggested these cells’ morphology was different from a typical activated state. A172 cell activation was evaluated by fluorescent staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and SEM imaging, which revealed similarly low GFAP levels on both bare and HP modified substrates. A172 cell morphology showed mainly an undifferentiated and non‐activated state. These results help lay the groundwork to design the HP system for future in vitro and in vivo investigations to ultimately realize stable long‐term neural device communication. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 3242–3250, 2017.
The Expansion of Heterotopic Bone in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva Is Activin A-Dependent
Authors: Upadhyay Jaymin , Xie LiQin , Huang Lily , Das Nanditha , Stewart Rachel C , Lyon Morgan C , Palmer Keryn , Rajamani Saathyaki , Graul Chris , Lobo Merryl , Wellman Tyler J , Soares Edward J , Silva Matthew D , Hesterman Jacob , Wang Lili , Wen Xialing , Qian Xiaobing , Nannuru Kalyan , Idone Vincent , Murphy Andrew J , Economides Aris N , Hatsell Sarah J 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder that is characterized by episodic yet cumulative heterotopic ossification (HO) in skeletal muscles, tendons, and ligaments over a patient's lifetime. FOP is caused by missense mutations in the type I bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) receptor ACVR1. We have determined that the formation of heterotopic bone in FOP requires activation of mutant ACVR1 by Activin A, in part by showing that prophylactic inhibition of Activin A blocks HO in a mouse model of FOP. Here we piece together a natural history of developing HO lesions in mouse FOP, and determine where in the continuum of HO Activin A is required, using imaging (T2-MRI, μCT, 18F-NaF PET/CT, histology) coupled with pharmacologic inhibition of Activin A at different times during the progression of HO. First, we show that expansion of HO lesions comes about through growth and fusion of independent HO events. These events tend to arise within a neighborhood of existing lesions, indicating that already formed HO likely triggers the formation of new events. The process of heterotopic bone expansion appears to be dependent on Activin A because inhibition of this ligand suppresses the growth of nascent HO lesions and stops the emergence of new HO events. Therefore, our results reveal that Activin A is required at least up to the point when nascent HO lesions mineralize and further demonstrate the therapeutic utility of Activin A inhibition in FOP. These results provide evidence for a model where HO is triggered by inflammation but becomes “self-propagating” by a process that requires Activin A. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.
Histone Deacetylase 3 Deletion in Mesenchymal Progenitor Cells Hinders Long Bone Development
Authors: Feigenson Marina , Shull Lomeli Carpio , Taylor Earnest L , Camilleri Emily T , Riester Scott M , van Wijnen Andre J , Bradley Elizabeth W , Westendorf Jennifer J 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Long bone formation is a complex process that requires precise transcriptional control of gene expression programs in mesenchymal progenitor cells. Histone deacetylases (Hdacs) coordinate chromatin structure and gene expression by enzymatically removing acetyl groups from histones and other proteins. Hdac inhibitors are used clinically to manage mood disorders, cancers, and other conditions but are teratogenic to the developing skeleton and increase fracture risk in adults. In this study, the functions of Hdac3, one of the enzymes blocked by current Hdac inhibitor therapies, in skeletal mesenchymal progenitor cells were determined. Homozygous deletion of Hdac3 in Prrx1-expressing cells prevented limb lengthening, altered pathways associated with endochondral and intramembranous bone development, caused perinatal lethality, and slowed chondrocyte and osteoblast differentiation in vitro. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Hdac3 regulates vastly different pathways in mesenchymal cells expressing the Prxx1-Cre driver than those expressing the Col2-CreERT driver. Notably, Fgf21 was elevated in Hdac3-CKOPrrx1 limbs as well as in chondrogenic cells exposed to Hdac3 inhibitors. Elevated expression of Mmp3 and Mmp10 transcripts was also observed. In conclusion, Hdac3 regulates distinct pathways in mesenchymal cell populations and is required for mesenchymal progenitor cell differentiation and long bone development. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Identification and functional analysis of a potential key lncRNA involved in fat loss of cancer cachexia
Authors: Liu Huiquan , Zhou Ting , Wang Bangyan , Li Lu , Ye Dawei , Yu Shiying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCancer cachexia is a devastating, multifactorial, and irreversible syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle reduction with or without fat loss. Although much attention has been focused on muscle wasting, fat loss may occur earlier and accelerate muscle wasting in cachexia. The cause of 20% of cancer related death makes it urgent to discover molecular mechanisms behind cancer cachexia. Here we applied weighted gene co‐expression network analysis (WGCNA) to identify cachexia related gene modules using differentially expressed 3289 genes and 59 long non‐coding RNAs based on microarray data of cachectic and non‐cachectic subcutaneous adipose tissue. Subsequently, 16 independent modules were acquired and GSAASeqSP Toolset confirmed that black module was significantly associated with fat loss in cancer cachexia. Top 50 hub‐genes in black module contained only one lncRNA, VLDLR antisense RNA 1 (VLDLR‐AS1). We then explored the function of black module from the view of VLDLR‐AS1‐connected genes in the network. GO enrichment and KEGG pathways analysis revealed LDLR‐AS1‐connected genes were involved in Wnt signaling pathway, small GTPase mediated signal transduction, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and so on. Through construction of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) regulation network, we showed that VLDLR‐AS1 may function with hsa‐miR‐600 to regulate gene GOLGA3, DUSP14, and UCHL1, or interact with hsa‐miR‐1224‐3p to modulate the expression of gene GOLGA3, ZNF219, RNF141, and CALU. After literature validation, we predicted that VLDLR‐AS1 most likely interacted with miR‐600 to regulate UCH‐L1 through Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. However, further experiments are still required to validate mechanisms of VLDLR‐AS1 in fat reduction of cancer cachexia.
RETRACTED: Post‐treatment of melatonin with CCl4 better reduces fibrogenic and oxidative changes in liver than melatonin co‐treatment
Authors: Mortezaee Keywan , Majidpoor Jamal , Daneshi Erfan , Abouzaripour Morteza , Abdi Mahdad 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTherapeutic effects of melatonin (MEL) in targeting CCl4‐induced liver fibrosis has been widely known, but there is no study comparing oxidative and fibrogenic changes in co‐ and post‐treatment of MEL with CCl4, which was further aimed in this experiment. Male SD rats were injected with CCl4 (1 mL/kg/i.p./daily) dissolved 1:1 in olive oil for 1 month. Some animals received MEL (20 mg/kg/i.p./daily) diluted in 1 mL PBS in combination with CCl4 (co‐treatment), and some rats were treated with MEL, beginning with injection of the last dose of CCl4 for one month (post‐treatment). The groups were control, CCl4, CCl4‐co vehicle, CCl4‐post vehicle, post‐CCl4, MEL co‐treatment, and MEL post‐treatment. MEL post‐treatment group showed significantly lower lipid deposition, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and liver hydroxyproline. This group also had low expressions of Bax and transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1). MEL post‐treatment group revealed higher sera levels of albumin, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Expression levels of metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) and Bcl2 was also higher in this group (P ≤ 0.05 vs co‐treatment). Results of the present study indicated that MEL post‐treatment is more powerful in reduction of CCl4‐induced liver fibrosis through reduction of oxidative stress and maintenance of matrix balance.
A Phase 1 Study to Assess the Relative Bioavailability of Two Capsule Formulations of Ixazomib, an Oral Proteasome Inhibitor, in Patients With Advanced Solid Tumors or Lymphoma
Authors: Hanley Michael J. , Gupta Neeraj , Venkatakrishnan Karthik , Bessudo Alberto , Sharma Sunil , O'Neil Bert H. , Wang Bingxia , van de Velde Helgi , Nemunaitis John 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe oral proteasome inhibitor ixazomib is approved in multiple countries in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma who have received at least 1 prior therapy. Two oral capsule formulations of ixazomib have been used during clinical development. This randomized, 2‐period, 2‐sequence crossover study (Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01454076) assessed the relative bioavailability of capsule B in reference to capsule A in adult patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma. The study was conducted in 2 parts. In cycle 1 (pharmacokinetic cycle), patients received a 4‐mg dose of ixazomib as capsule A or capsule B on day 1, followed by a 4‐mg dose of the alternate capsule formulation on day 15. Pharmacokinetic samples were collected over 216 hours postdose. After the pharmacokinetic cycle, patients could continue in the study and receive ixazomib (capsule B only) on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28‐day cycle. Twenty patients were enrolled; of these, 14 were included in the pharmacokinetic‐evaluable population. Systemic exposures of ixazomib were similar after administration of capsule A or capsule B. The geometric least‐squares mean ratios (capsule B versus capsule A) were 1.16 for Cmax (90% confidence interval [CI], 0.84–1.61) and 1.04 for AUC0–216 (90%CI, 0.91–1.18). The most frequently reported grade 3 drug‐related adverse events were fatigue (15%) and nausea (10%); there were no grade 4 drug‐related adverse events. These results support the combined analysis of data from studies that used either formulation of ixazomib during development.
New constructions of hypohamiltonian and hypotraceable graphs
Authors: Wiener Gábor 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA graph G is hypohamiltonian/hypotraceable if it is not hamiltonian/traceable, but all vertex‐deleted subgraphs of G are hamiltonian/traceable. All known hypotraceable graphs are constructed using hypohamiltonian graphs; here we present a construction that uses so‐called almost hypohamiltonian graphs (nonhamiltonian graphs, whose vertex‐deleted subgraphs are hamiltonian with exactly one exception, see [15]). This construction is an extension of a method of Thomassen [11]. As an application, we construct a planar hypotraceable graph of order 138, improving the best‐known bound of 154 [8]. We also prove a structural type theorem showing that hypotraceable graphs possessing some connectivity properties are all built using either Thomassen's or our method. We also prove that if G is a Grinbergian graph without a triangular region, then G is not maximal nonhamiltonian and using the proof method we construct a hypohamiltonian graph of order 36 with crossing number 1, improving the best‐known bound of 46 [14].
Synthesis of Indane‐Based 1,5‐Benzothiazepines Derived from 3‐Phenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐one and Antimicrobial Studies Thereof
Authors: Mor Satbir , Nagoria Savita , Sindhu Suchita , Khatri Mohini , Sidhu Gurdeep , Singh Virender 
Published: August 2017

In the present study, a series of 20 indane‐based 1,5‐benzothiazepines (5a–t) has been prepared derived from 3‐phenyl‐2,3‐dihydro‐1H‐inden‐1‐one (1). All the synthesized 1,5‐benzothiazepines (5a–t) were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against four bacteria [Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441), Staphylococcus epidermidis (MTCC 6880), Escherichia coli (MTCC 1652), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 424)] and two fungi [Candida albicans (MTCC 227) and Aspergillus niger (MTCC 8189)]. Among all the tested derivatives, 5n and 5o against E. coli displayed more inhibitory activity than that of the reference drug, ciprofloxacin, while the derivatives 5c, 5m–o, 5s, and 5t against C. albicans, and 5d, 5e, 5n, 5o, 5s, and 5t against A. niger were found to be more potent than the standard drug, that is, fluconazole.
Extraction of ochratoxin A in red wine with dopamine‐coated magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Wan Hong , Zhang Bo , Bai Xiao‐Lin , Zhao Yan , Xiao Meng‐Wei , Liao Xun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA new, rapid, green, and cost‐effective magnetic solid‐phase extraction of ochratoxin A from red wine samples was developed using polydopamine‐coated magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes as the absorbent. The polydopamine‐coated magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes were fabricated with magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and dopamine by an in situ oxidative self‐polymerization approach. Transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry were used to characterize the absorbents. Ochratoxin A was quantified with high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection, with excitation and emission wavelengths of 338 and 455 nm, respectively. The conditions affecting the magnetic solid‐phase extraction procedure, such as pH, extraction solution, extraction time, absorbent amount, desorption solution and desorption time were investigated to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Under the optimized conditions, the extraction recovery was 91.8–104.5% for ochratoxin A. A linear calibration curve was obtained in the range of 0.1–2.0 ng/mL. The limit of detection was 0.07 ng/mL, and the limit of quantitation was 0.21 ng/mL. The recoveries of ochratoxin A for spiked red wine sample ranged from 95.65 to 100.65% with relative standard deviation less than 8%. The polydopamine‐coated magnetic multi‐walled carbon nanotubes showed a high affinity toward ochratoxin A, allowing selective extraction and quantification of ochratoxin A from complex sample matrixes.
Emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and readmissions of patients with a peritonsillar abscess
Authors: Johnson Romaine F. 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesTo determine the demographics and treatment outcomes of patients with a peritonsillar abscess (PTA) and to provide guidance for treatment options.MethodsThe 2012 National Emergency Department Database, 2012 National Inpatient Sample, and 2013 Nationwide Readmissions Database were used to analyze patients with a PTA who presented to emergency departments (ED), were admitted and/or readmitted to hospitals in the United States. Outcomes were used to create a decision model to compare initial medical versus surgical management.ResultsAn estimated 62,787 ED visits; 15,095 inpatient admissions; and 267 readmissions for PTA were recorded. The average age was 29 years old, with a slight male predominance. The majority of patients seen in the ED (80%) were treated without surgery and discharged home. Patients admitted to hospital were more likely to undergo surgery (50%). The tonsillectomy rate was 11%. The complication and readmission rates were < 2%. Medical therapy was used more often than surgical therapy in many cases.ConclusionPeritonsillar abscess mostly occurs in adults and leads to a significant number of ED visits, admissions, and readmissions. A trial of medical management of PTA appears to be safe, although surgery is highly successful and associated with low morbidity.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 127:S1–S9, 2017
Superhydrophobic and Flexible Microporous Polymer Paper
Authors: Cha Min Chul , Lim Yoonbin , Choi Tae Jin , Chang Ji Young 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA flexible microporous polymer paper (MPP) is prepared with the polymer tubes obtained from the Sonogashira coupling reaction of 1,4‐diiodotetrafluorobenzene and 1,3,5‐triethynylbenzene. MPP has an interconnected network structure of polymer tubes and shows a hierarchical pore structure. Relatively large pores are formed among entangled polymer tubes, while micro‐ and mesopores are generated in the tube walls. MPP is foldable, mechanically stable, and stretchable. When the folding stress is removed, a wrinkle forms along the folded line, as observed in common papers composed of cellulose pulps. The mechanical stability of MPP results from electrostatic interactions between electron deficient tetrafluorobenzene units and electron rich triethynylbenzene units in the polymer. The tensile stress–tensile strain curve shows that MPP can elongate up to 15% strain. MPP is superhydrophobic, showing a water contact angle of 162° and can be used for the filtration of small molecules such as a dye and iodine.
Biosynthesis of the antimicrobial cyclic lipopeptides nunamycin and nunapeptin by Pseudomonas fluorescens strain In5 is regulated by the LuxR‐type transcriptional regulator NunF
Authors: Hennessy Rosanna C. , Phippen Christopher B. W. , Nielsen Kristian F. , Olsson Stefan , Stougaard Peter 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNunamycin and nunapeptin are two antimicrobial cyclic lipopeptides (CLPs) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens In5 and synthesized by nonribosomal synthetases (NRPS) located on two gene clusters designated the nun–nup regulon. Organization of the regulon is similar to clusters found in other CLP‐producing pseudomonads except for the border regions where putative LuxR‐type regulators are located. This study focuses on understanding the regulatory role of the LuxR‐type‐encoding gene nunF in CLP production of P. fluorescens In5. Functional analysis of nunF coupled with liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry (LC‐HRMS) showed that CLP biosynthesis is regulated by nunF. Quantitative real‐time PCR analysis indicated that transcription of the NRPS genes catalyzing CLP production is strongly reduced when nunF is mutated indicating that nunF is part of the nun–nup regulon. Swarming and biofilm formation was reduced in a nunF knockout mutant suggesting that these CLPs may also play a role in these phenomena as observed in other pseudomonads. Fusion of the nunF promoter region to mCherry showed that nunF is strongly upregulated in response to carbon sources indicating the presence of a fungus suggesting that environmental elicitors may also influence nunF expression which upon activation regulates nunamycin and nunapeptin production required for the growth inhibition of phytopathogens.