bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of 5‐lipoxygenase in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans‐induced alveolar bone loss
Authors: Madeira Mila F. M. , Queiroz‐Junior Celso M. , Corrêa Jôice D. , Werneck Sílvia M. C. , Machado Fabiana S. , Cunha Thiago M. , Garlet Gustavo P. , Teixeira Mauro M. , Silva Tarcília A. , Souza Daniele G. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimLeukotrienes (LTs) are pro‐inflammatory lipid mediators formed by the enzyme 5‐lipoxygenase (5‐LO). The involvement of 5‐LO metabolites in periodontal disease (PD) is not well defined. This study aimed to assess the role of 5‐LO in experimental PD induced by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa).Material and MethodsIn vivo experiments were carried out using SV129 wild‐type (WT) and 5‐LO‐deficient (5lo‐/‐) mice inoculated with Aa. Osteoclasts were stimulated in vitro with AaLPS in the presence or not of selective inhibitors of the 5‐LO pathway, or LTB4 or platelet‐activating factor (PAF), as PAF has already been shown to increase osteoclast activity.ResultsIn 5lo‐/‐ mice, there were no loss of alveolar bone and less TRAP‐positive osteoclasts in periodontal tissues, after Aa inoculation, despite local production of TNF‐α and IL‐6. The differentiation and activity of osteoclasts stimulated with AaLPS were diminished in the presence of BLT1 antagonist or 5‐LO inhibitor, but not in the presence of cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist. The osteoclast differentiation induced by PAF was impaired by the BLT1 antagonism.ConclusionIn conclusion, LTB4 but not CysLTs is important for Aa‐induced alveolar bone loss. Overall, LTB4 affects osteoclast differentiation and activity and is a key intermediate of PAF‐induced osteoclastogenesis.
Female sex pheromone of Athetis lepigone (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): Identification and field evaluation
Authors: Yan Q. , Zheng M.‐Y. , Xu J.‐W. , Ma J.‐F. , Chen Y. , Dong Z.‐P. , Liu L. , Dong S.‐L. , Zhang Y.‐N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAthetis lepigone has been recorded in many countries in Europe and Asia, but it had never been documented as an agricultural pest until 2005. For the purpose of using the sex pheromone to control this pest, we conducted a study to identify the sex pheromone of A. lepigone by gas chromatography with an electroantennographic detector (GC‐EAD) and GC coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analyses. Three pheromone candidates were detected by GC‐EAD analysis in the extracts of the female sex pheromone gland, and two candidates were identified as (Z)‐7‐dodecenyl acetate (Z7‐12:OAc) and (Z)‐9‐tetradecenyl acetate (Z9‐14:OAc) in a ratio of 1:5 by mass spectral analysis of natural pheromone components and dimethyl disulphide adducts. In the field male trapping test, the traps baited with the binary blend captured high number of males, while traps with single component hardly caught males, indicating that the two components are essential for the male attractiveness. In addition, the optimum ratios of Z7‐12:OAc and Z9‐14:OAc were determined as 3:7–7:3, and the best doses for the binary blend (at ratio of 3:7 between Z7‐12:OAc and Z9‐14:OAc) were 0.25–0.5 mg/trap, based on the number of male catches. The identification of a highly attractive sex pheromone will help in developing efficient strategies for monitoring and control of A. lepigone.
Ethnic‐Racial Socialization and the Mental Health of African Americans: A Critical Review
Authors: Reynolds Jamila E. , Gonzales‐Backen Melinda A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this critical review is to examine the relationship between ethnic‐racial socialization (ERS) and African American mental health outcomes to identify the potential value of ERS in psychotherapy. Using the systematic research synthesis (SRS) process, we identified 21 peer‐reviewed studies that investigated the relationship between ERS and mental health outcomes such as anger, depression, and self‐esteem. We also included articles that tested ERS as a moderator of the relationship between discrimination experiences and mental health. The results support ERS as a protective factor against negative mental health outcomes. Importantly, ERS messages that emphasize culture and racial pride may be more consistently associated with positive outcomes than ERS messages that focus on preparing for racial bias. We also provide implications and suggestions for researchers wanting to expand the ERS literature and clinicians interested in incorporating ERS in their therapeutic practice and parent‐training programs.
Family Presence in the Intensive Care Unit and Emergency Department: A Metasynthesis
Authors: Cypress Brigitte S. , Frederickson Keville 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFew findings from qualitative studies about family presence in intensive care units (ICU) and emergency departments (ED) have been synthesized, despite a renewed appreciation and interest in incorporating qualitative studies in systematic reviews of evidence‐based practice. We synthesized findings from 17 qualitative studies on family presence and the experiences of patients, families, and nurses. The essential themes of emotional support, feelings of safety and comfort, knowing, understanding, being informed, and being engaged emerged from the review synthesis. An overarching theme of family coping during stressful times, such as hospitalization, is described as system support and noted in the literature as a component of family resilience. We recommend that further studies be conducted to relate supportive behaviors of critical care nurses to family functioning and provide empirical evidence for further development of the theory of family resilience.
Understanding Parent Reactions to Coming Out as Lesbian, Gay, or Bisexual: A Theoretical Framework
Authors: Chrisler Alison J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractExisting theories and the development of new theoretical models have been used to better understand the experiences of parents who have lesbian, gay, and bisexual children. However, these models tend to only capture a single aspect of the parent experience. This article combines existing theory and data from published research studies to propose a theoretical framework that can be used to explain parent reactions to coming out. Next steps include refining and empirically testing the proposed framework.
Autoimmune comorbidity in achalasia patients
Authors: Romero‐Hernández Fernanda , Furuzawa‐Carballeda Janette , Hernández‐Molina Gabriela , Alejandro‐Medrano Edgar , Núñez‐Álvarez Carlos A , Hernández‐Ramírez Diego F , Azamar‐Llamas Daniel , Olivares‐Martínez Elizabeth , Breña Blanca , Palacios Axel , Valdovinos Miguel A , Coss‐Adame Enrique , Ramos‐Ávalos Bárbara , Torres‐Landa Samuel , Hernández‐Ávila Axel A , Flores‐Nájera Athenea , Torres‐Villalobos Gonzalo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground and AimIdiopathic achalasia is a rare esophageal motor disorder. The disease state manifests local and systemic inflammation, and it appears that an autoimmune component and specific autoantibodies participate in the pathogenesis. The study aims to determine the prevalence of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases in patients with achalasia and compare the results with those from patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).MethodsIt was a cross‐sectional and included 114 patients with idiopathic achalasia and 114 age‐matched and sex‐matched control patients with GERD. Data on the presence of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, the time of presentation, and any family history of autoimmune disease were obtained from the hospital's medical records.ResultsSeventy three (64%) were female patients (mean age: 42.3 ± 15.5; median disease duration: 12 months). We identified the presence of autoimmune disease in 19 patients with achalasia (16.7%), hypothyroidism was the main diagnosis, and it was present in 52.6% of patients compared with 4.2% in controls. Thirteen of the 19 achalasia patients (68.4%) with autoimmune disease had history of familial autoimmunity. We identified 11 achalasia (9.6%) and 5 GERD patients (4.16%) with an inflammatory condition. Compared with the GERD, the achalasia group was 3.8 times more likely to have an autoimmune disease (95% CI: 1.47–9.83), 3.0 times more likely to have thyroidopathies (95% CI: 1.00–9.03), and 3.02 times more likely to suffer from any chronic inflammatory disease (95% CI: 1.65–6.20).ConclusionsThe non‐negligible number of patients with autoimmune diseases identified among the patients with idiopathic achalasia supports the hypothesis that achalasia has an autoimmune component.
Educational Achievement of Children From Single‐Mother and Single‐Father Families: The Case of Japan
Authors: Nonoyama‐Tarumi Yuko 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article examines the relationships between single parenthood and student achievement in Japan. The study uses sixth‐grade data from the 2013 National Assessment of Academic Ability and the Detailed Survey, which was the first nationally representative parental survey collected through schools in Japan. The results indicate that children of single‐mother and single‐father families perform academically lower than children of two‐parent families. For children living in single‐mother families, more than 50% of the educational disadvantage was explained by a lack of economic resources. For children living in single‐father families, the educational disadvantage was explained more by a lack of parenting resources, measured by discussions at home, supervision at home, and involvement in school, than economic resources. These findings suggest that the gendered labor force and division of labor among spouses in Japanese society may deprive parents of the ability to buffer the negative relationship between single parenthood and children's educational achievement.
Total sleep time as a predictor of suicidal behaviour
Authors: Michaels Matthew S. , Balthrop Tia , Nadorff Michael R. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryInsomnia symptoms are a known predictor of suicide; however, less is known about the relationship between hypersomnia and suicide, and how total sleep time may better account for suicidal ideation compared with subjective reports of insomnia symptoms. In the present secondary data analysis, a squared term confirmed the importance of both short and long total sleep time on suicidal behaviour. Total sleep time had a significant positive direct effect on suicidal behaviour (b = 0.20, SE = 0.08, P < 0.05), significant negative direct effects on insomnia symptoms (b = −1.67, SE = 0.13, P < 0.0001) and on depressive symptoms (b = −1.76, SE = 0.29, P < 0.0001). Depression had a significant positive effect on suicidal behaviour (b = 0.17, SE = 0.01, P < 0.0001), and significantly mediated the relationship between total sleep time and suicidal behaviour, but insomnia symptoms did not. Total sleep time squared had a significant positive relationship with suicidal behaviour (b = 0.02, SE = 0.01, P < 0.05), significant negative direct effects on insomnia symptoms (b = −0.12, SE = 0.01, P < 0.0001) and on depressive symptoms (b = −0.12, SE = 0.02, P < 0.0001). Depression had a significant positive effect on suicidal behaviour (b = 0.17, SE = 0.01, P < 0.0001), and significantly mediated the relationship between total sleep time and suicidal behaviour. These results suggest the importance of assessing for total sleep time in clinical settings with regard to suicide risk.
Narcolepsy with cataplexy and pregnancy: a case–control study
Authors: Calvo‐Ferrandiz Elena , Peraita‐Adrados Rosa 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThis was a retrospective case–control study in 25 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy and 75 women in the control group. Patients completed the questionnaire by Maurovich‐Horvat et al. (J. Sleep Res., 2013, 22: 496–512). We personally interviewed 25 patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy using the administered questionnaire regarding conception, pregnancy, delivery, perinatal and breastfeeding periods. Patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy reported 59 pregnancies versus 164 in the control group. In 16 cases (27.1%), a disease before pregnancy was present compared with eight cases (4.9%) in the control group (P < 0.001); among them, extrinsic asthma was reported 11 times in the narcolepsy with cataplexy group (P < 0.005). Patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy more often had a single pregnancy compared with controls (P < 0.05). Gestational diabetes was more frequent in patients with narcolepsy with cataplexy (P < 0.05). Induced deliveries were higher in controls (P < 0.009). No differences were found between the groups in terms of duration of pregnancies and complications during and after delivery, as during the puerperium. Neonates from patients had heavier birth weight (P < 0.015). The breastfeeding period was longer in patients (P < 0.01). Modafinil and methylphenidate were the drugs administered in six pregnancies. No significant differences in depression during pregnancy and during puerperium were found between patients and controls. This is the first case–control study in women with narcolepsy with cataplexy related to pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and puerperium. Data suggest that patients have pregnancy outcomes similar to controls. The prevalence of gestational diabetes was higher in women with narcolepsy with cataplexy. Caesarean sections, complications during delivery and normal perinatal period for infants were similar in both groups. Breastfeeding was longer in patients.
Anticipated next‐day demand affects the magnitude of the cortisol awakening response, but not subjective or objective sleep
Authors: Elder Greg J. , Barclay Nicola L. , Wetherell Mark A. , Ellis Jason G. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryWhilst the association between sleep and stress is well established, few studies have examined the effects of an anticipated stressor upon sleep and relevant physiological markers. The aim of the present study was to examine whether an anticipated stressor in the form of next‐day demand affects subjective and objective sleep, and multiple indices of the cortisol awakening response. Subjective and objective sleep and the cortisol awakening response were measured over three consecutive nights in 40 healthy adults in a sleep laboratory. During their second night, participants were informed that they would either be required to complete a series of demanding cognitive tasks, in a competition format, during the next day (anticipation condition; n = 22), or were given no instruction (sedentary condition; n = 18). Sleep was measured subjectively using sleep diaries, objectively using polysomnography, and saliva was measured at awakening, +15, +30, +45 and +60 min each morning, from which cortisol awakening response measurement indices were derived: awakening cortisol levels, the mean increase in cortisol levels and total cortisol secretion. There were no between‐group differences in subjective or objective sleep in the night preceding the anticipated demand; however, compared with the sedentary condition, those in the anticipation group displayed a larger mean increase in cortisol levels, representing the cortisol awakening response magnitude, on the morning of the anticipated demand. Overall, the results suggest that whilst anticipated stress affected the subsequent cortisol awakening response, subjective and objective sleep remained undisturbed. It is possible that the timing of an anticipated stressor, rather than its expected duration, may influence subsequent sleep disruption.
Evolution of sociality in spiders leads to depleted genomic diversity at both population and species levels
Authors: Settepani V. , Schou M. F. , Greve M. , Grinsted L. , Bechsgaard J. , Bilde T. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAcross several animal taxa, the evolution of sociality involves a suite of characteristics, a “social syndrome,” that includes cooperative breeding, reproductive skew, primary female‐biased sex ratio, and the transition from outcrossing to inbreeding mating system, factors that are expected to reduce effective population size (Ne). This social syndrome may be favoured by short‐term benefits but come with long‐term costs, because the reduction in Ne amplifies loss of genetic diversity by genetic drift, ultimately restricting the potential of populations to respond to environmental change. To investigate the consequences of this social life form on genetic diversity, we used a comparative RAD‐sequencing approach to estimate genomewide diversity in spider species that differ in level of sociality, reproductive skew and mating system. We analysed multiple populations of three independent sister‐species pairs of social inbreeding and subsocial outcrossing Stegodyphus spiders, and a subsocial outgroup. Heterozygosity and within‐population diversity were sixfold to 10‐fold lower in social compared to subsocial species, and demographic modelling revealed a tenfold reduction in Ne of social populations. Species‐wide genetic diversity depends on population divergence and the viability of genetic lineages. Population genomic patterns were consistent with high lineage turnover, which homogenizes the genetic structure that builds up between inbreeding populations, ultimately depleting genetic diversity at the species level. Indeed, species‐wide genetic diversity of social species was 5–8 times lower than that of subsocial species. The repeated evolution of species with this social syndrome is associated with severe loss of genomewide diversity, likely to limit their evolutionary potential.
Bedside identification of patients at risk for PVC‐induced cardiomyopathy: Is ECG useful?
Authors: Garster Noelle C. , Henrikson Charles A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundPremature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are an underrecognized cause of cardiomyopathy. Standard 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) has potential to direct attention toward at‐risk patients.MethodsWe performed a single‐center, retrospective chart review of 1,240 patients who completed ECG and Holter monitoring at Oregon Health and Science University Hospital between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2013 to investigate the relationship of PVC frequency on ECG with burden on Holter. Primary outcome measures included PVC quantity on ECG, mean PVC quantity on Holter, and percentage of total beats on Holter recorded as PVCs. High PVC burden was defined as ≥10% of total beats.ResultsWeighted mean percentages of total beats on Holter monitor recorded as PVCs were calculated for 0, 1, 2, and ≥3 PVCs on ECG and found to be 1.4% (n = 1,128), 3.5% (n = 32), 4.3% (n = 25), and 16.6% (n = 55), respectively, which represent statistically significant differences (P < 0.001). The positive predictive value of at least three PVCs on ECG for ≥10% PVC Holter burden was 58%. Negative predictive value for 0 PVCs on ECG was 98%. The sensitivity and specificity of ECG to identify high PVC burden on Holter was 72% and 93.6%, respectively, when utilizing a positive ECG result as one PVC or more, and 44% and 98.9%, respectively, with ≥3 PVCs on ECG. The positive likelihood ratio corresponding to ≥3 PVCs on ECG was 40.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate that the number of PVCs on ECG can be utilized for quick bedside estimation of high PVC burden.
Facial skin photo‐aging and development of hyperpigmented spots from children to middle‐aged Japanese woman
Authors: Takahashi Y. , Fukushima Y. , Kondo K. , Ichihashi M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground/PurposeFacial skin hyperpigmention caused by chronic sun exposure is a major skin complaint, however, its characteristics and influential factors are still limitedly known.MethodsA cross‐sectional survey in healthy Japanese women aged from 6 to 62 years (n=169) was conducted using a facial image analyzer VISIA™ for knowing onset age of hyperpigmented spot formation, its chronological changes, and influence of environmental factors.ResultsUV Pigmented Spot (PS) Score was positively correlated with age (R=.487, P=.000). Hyperpigmented spots appeared first around 18 years old in most subjects, and PS score remarkably increased at 20s then gradually increased by ages. The subjects with Skin Type I, one of the three grades of Japanese Skin Type (JST), whose melanin formation is genetically lower, showed higher PS score. A woman aged 31 years was subjected a weekly VISIA measurement for 2 years, and found no changes in the number, place, size and intensity of the pigment spots in this duration.ConclusionHyperpigmented spots developed in women over 20 years of age due to chronic sun exposure without sun protection during childhood and adolescent and it was stable afterwards, whose intensity was influenced by age and skin type.
Human Papillomavirus Major Capsid Protein L1 Remains Associated with the Incoming Viral Genome throughout the Entry Process
Authors: DiGiuseppe Stephen , Bienkowska-Haba Malgorzata , Guion Lucile G. M. , Keiffer Timothy R. , Sapp Martin 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

During infectious entry, acidification within the endosome triggers uncoating of the human papillomavirus (HPV) capsid, whereupon host cyclophilins facilitate the release of most of the major capsid protein, L1, from the minor capsid protein L2 and the viral genome. The L2/DNA complex traffics to the
trans
-Golgi network (TGN). After the onset of mitosis, HPV-harboring transport vesicles bud from the TGN, followed by association with mitotic chromosomes. During this time, the HPV genome remains in a vesicular compartment until the nucleus has completely reformed. Recent data suggest that while most of L1 protein dissociates and is degraded in the endosome, some L1 protein remains associated with the viral genome. The L1 protein has DNA binding activity, and the L2 protein has multiple domains capable of interacting with L1 capsomeres. In this study, we report that some L1 protein traffics with L2 and viral genome to the nucleus. The accompanying L1 protein is mostly full length and retains conformation-dependent epitopes, which are recognized by neutralizing antibodies. Since more than one L1 molecule contributes to these epitopes and requires assembly into capsomeres, we propose that L1 protein is present in the form of pentamers. Furthermore, we provide evidence that the L1 protein interacts directly with viral DNA within the capsid. Based on our findings, we propose that the L1 protein, likely arranged as capsomeres, stabilizes the viral genome within the subviral complex during intracellular trafficking.

IMPORTANCE
After internalization, the nonenveloped human papillomavirus virion uncoats in the endosome, whereupon conformational changes result in a dissociation of a subset of the major capsid protein L1 from the minor capsid protein L2, which remains in complex with the viral DNA. Recent data suggest that some L1 protein may accompany the viral genome beyond the endosomal compartment. We demonstrate that conformationally intact L1 protein, likely still arranged as capsomeres, remains associated with the incoming viral genome throughout mitosis and transiently resides in the nucleus until after the viral DNA is released from the transport vesicle.