bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐200c regulates endothelin‐1 induced PASMCs abnormal proliferation and apoptosis
Authors: Yuan Chao , Xu Min , Rong Rong , Mei Yong , Cai Wenyan , Li Lin , Xue Yao , Zhu Baoli , Sun Kai , Han Lei 
Published: October 2017

AbstractmiR‐200c is an antioncogene in multiple tumors. However, its function in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has not been thoroughly investigated nor understood. In this study, we discovered that miR‐200c was able to substantially upregulate in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) treated with endothelin‐1 (ET‐1). miR‐200c also induced cell proliferation and suppressed cell apoptosis in PASMCs in vitro. However, miR‐200c had no effect on G1/S/G2 transitions during the cell cycle. Furthermore, we identified miR‐200c as a new regulator of the microtubule associated protein 2 (MAP‐2) and zinc finger E‐box binding homeobox1 (ZEB‐1) in PASMCs. miR‐200c inhibited MAP‐2 and ZEB‐1 expression by directly binding to their 3′‐untranslated regions(3′UTR) according to luciferase assay results. Our findings provide novel insights into the mechanisms of PAH pathogenesis and potential molecular biomarkers for PAH diagnosis and treatment. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(11):877–886, 2017
Changes in extreme precipitation in the Yangtze River basin and its association with global mean temperature and ENSO
Authors: Lü Mingquan , Wu Sheng‐Jun , Chen Jilong , Chen Chundi , Wen Zhaofei , Huang Yuanyang 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTExtreme precipitation events may lead to secondary disasters such as floods, landslides and erosion. The Yangtze River basin (YRB), which is home to a large population, is susceptible to flooding associated with heavy rainfall. Many dams have been constructed or planned for in the YRB. Understanding the changing behaviour of extreme precipitation and its relationship with other climatic factors will increase planners' ability to plan for, manage and respond to related flood events. This study investigated the trends in annual and seasonal maximum daily precipitation (Mx1day) using the iterative Mann–Kendall test. The non‐stationary Mx1day values were modelled to detect whether such changes were associated with rising local temperature (LTEM), global surface temperature (GTEM) or the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Location and scale parameters were considered individually in the non‐stationary generalized extreme value model during this study. Rising trends in annual Mx1day were identified at 73% of the stations studied. The June–July–August seasonal Mx1day exhibited the most pronounced increase among the four seasons. When location and scale were considered, 78 stations and 31 stations exhibited non‐stationary Mx1day, respectively. The impacts of both LTEM and ENSO on observed annual Mx1day in the YRB did not have field significance, while the impacts of GTEM did. At the YRB scale, the median sensitivity of the annual Mx1day to GTEM was 7.05% °C−1, while the median sensitivity of the annual Mx1day to LTEM was only 0.8% °C−1. The relationship between annual Mx1day and GTEM was more suitable for the Clausius–Clapeyron equation. The relationships between ENSO and observed seasonal Mx1day in March–April–May, June–July–August (JJA) and September–October–November (SON) were not field significant. However, a significant negative correlation between December–January–February Mx1day and ENSO was identified. The opposite effects of ENSO on extreme precipitation in JJA and SON may weaken the influence of ENSO on annual Mx1day.
Provider views on the management of Ewing sarcoma of the spine and pelvis
Authors: Zhu Chong , Olson Kristofor A. , Roth Michael , Geller David S. , Gorlick Richard G. , Gill Jonathan , Laack Nadia N. , Randall RL 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundCurative therapy for ES requires both chemotherapy and local control of primary tumor. There is no universally accepted standard approach to local control modalities. This survey was conducted to determine practice patterns and factors influencing the choice to offer various local control modalities to patients with ES of the spine and pelvis.MethodsThe survey consisted of four scenarios involving a 15‐year‐old girl who presented with Ewing sarcoma of thoracic vertebra, sacrum, iliac wing, and acetabulum with or without neurologic compromise. The questionnaire was sent to oncologists, orthopedic surgeons, and radiation oncologists, asking their recommendations for local control modality.ResultsAmong 94 respondents, radiotherapy was most frequently chosen for sacral tumors (68.1%) and T10 vertebral tumors (46.2%) whereas surgery was preferred for iliac wing pelvic tumors (45.7%) and acetabular tumors (43.6%). Orthopedic surgeons were significantly more likely to offer surgery than radiation oncologists (OR 3.07, 95%CI 1.37‐6.88, P = 0.007). Providers outside North America were more likely to offer combined surgery plus radiotherapy (OR 10.58, 95%CI 5.41‐20.70, P < 0.001).ConclusionConsiderable heterogeneity exists in local control modalities for Ewing sarcoma of the spine and pelvis. Specialty and location of practice may influence treatment recommendations.
Survival outcome of women with stage IV uterine carcinosarcoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by surgery
Authors: Matsuo Koji , Johnson Marian S. , Im Dwight D. , Ross Malcolm S. , Bush Stephen H. , Yunokawa Mayu , Blake Erin A. , Takano Tadao , Klobocista Merieme M. , Hasegawa Kosei , Ueda Yutaka , Shida Masako , Baba Tsukasa , Satoh Shinya , Yokoyama Takuhei , Machida Hiroko , Ikeda Yuji , Adachi Sosuke , Miyake Takahito M. , Iwasaki Keita , Yanai Shiori , Takeuchi Satoshi , Nishimura Masato , Nagano Tadayoshi , Takekuma Munetaka , Shahzad Mian M. K. , Pejovic Tanja , Omatsu Kohei , Kelley Joseph L. , Ueland Frederick R. , Roman Lynda D. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesTo examine survival of women with stage IV uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS) who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by hysterectomy.MethodsThis is a nested case‐control study within a retrospective cohort of 1192 UCS cases. Women who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by hysterectomy based‐surgery for stage IV UCS (n = 26) were compared to those who had primary hysterectomy‐based surgery without neoadjuvant chemotherapy for stage IV UCS (n = 120). Progression‐free survival (PFS) and cause‐specific survival (CSS) were examined.ResultsThe most common regimen for neoadjuvant chemotherapy was carboplatin/paclitaxel (53.8%). Median number of neoadjuvant chemotherapy cycles was 4. PFS was similar between the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group and the primary surgery group (unadjusted‐hazard ratio [HR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75‐1.89, P = 0.45). Similarly, CSS was comparable between the two groups (unadjusted‐HR 1.13, 95%CI 0.68‐1.90, P = 0.64). When the types of neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens were compared, women who received a carboplatin/paclitaxel regimen had better survival outcomes compared to those who received other regimens: PFS, unadjusted‐HR 0.38, 95%CI 0.15‐0.93, P = 0.027; and CSS, unadjusted‐HR 0.21, 95%CI 0.07‐0.61, P = 0.002.ConclusionOur study found that there is no statistically significant difference in survival between women with stage IV UCS who are tolerated neoadjuvant chemotherapy and those who undergo primary surgery.
Long‐term outcomes after hand‐sewn versus circular‐stapled (25 and 29 mm) anastomotic technique after esophagogastrectomy for esophageal cancer
Authors: Rostas Jack W. , Graffree Beunca D. , Scoggins Charles R. , McMasters Kelly M. , Martin Robert C. G. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundAnastomotic stricture following esophagogastrectomy (EG) can lead to significant dysphagia, necessitating interventions such as endoscopic dilatation. These post‐operative complications gain importance with the increased survival rate of patients after EG. This study aimed to assess the outcomes of both circular‐stapled (CS: 25 and 29 mm) and hand‐sewn (HS) anastomoses after EG.MethodsWe reviewed prospectively accrued data from December 2004 to December 2014 identifying all patients undergoing EG for esophageal cancer. Immediate post‐operative and long‐term complications were noted. Primary outcome measures included anastomotic leak and stricture, dysphagia, and subsequent.ResultsA total of 142 patients were identified for analysis. The method used for reconstruction was noted: CS‐EEA‐25 mm (n = 30), CS‐EEA‐29 mm (n = 30), and HS (n = 82). Demographics, tumor pathology, and tumor locations were similar in each group. All groups experienced similar rates of anastomotic leak, stricture, and dysphagia. Furthermore, post‐operative dilations for symptomatic dysphagia were required in 3 (10%), 4 (13%), and 9 (11%) patients, P = 0.91.ConclusionIn this cohort, the method of anastomotic construction had no bearing on the rate of complications after EG for the treatment of esophageal cancer. Furthermore, long‐term need for dilations for symptomatic dysphagia was equal among all groups.
Comparison of common risk stratification indices to predict outcomes among stage IV cancer patients with bowel obstruction undergoing surgery
Authors: Bateni Sarah B. , Bold Richard J. , Meyers Frederick J. , Canter Daniel J. , Canter Robert J. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesAmong patients with disseminated malignancy (DMa), bowel obstruction is common with high operative morbidity. Since preoperative risk stratification is critical, we sought to compare three standard risk indices, the American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) classification, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), and modified frailty index (mFI).MethodsWe identified 1928 DMa patients with bowel obstruction who underwent an abdominal operation from 2007 to 2012 American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program. Multivariate analyses assessed predictors of prolonged length of stay (LOS), 30‐day serious morbidity and mortality. Receiver operating characteristics’ areas under the curves (AUCs) for risk indices scores and 30‐day mortality were assessed.ResultsSerious morbidity and mortality rates were 20.4% and 14.8%. ASA and CCI did not predict serious morbidity or prolonged LOS, but were predictors of mortality. The mFI did not predict prolonged LOS, but did predict serious morbidity and mortality. Subgroup analyses showed similar results. There were no significant differences between ASA, CCI, and mFI AUCs for mortality.ConclusionsASA, CCI, and mFI are limited in their ability to predict postoperative adverse events among DMa patients undergoing surgery for bowel obstruction. These data suggest that a more tailored preoperative risk stratification tool would improve treatment planning.
Pancreaticojejunostomy: Does the technique matter? A randomized trial
Authors: Singh Anand N. , Pal Sujoy , Mangla Vivek , Kilambi Ragini , George Joseph , Dash Nihar R. , Chattopadhyay Tushar K. , Sahni Peush 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundDespite a large number of studies, the ideal technique of pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) remains debatable. We compared the two most common techniques of PJ (duct‐to‐mucosa and dunking) in a randomized trial.MethodsThis open‐label randomized trial was done at a tertiary care center from January 2009 to October 2015. Patients with resectable periampullary tumours with a pancreatic duct diameter ≥2 mm, requiring PD were randomly assigned to one of the two techniques using computer generated random numbers. The primary outcome was postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rate and secondary outcomes were frequency of other postoperative complications.ResultsA total of 193 patients were randomized and analyzed (intention‐to‐treat analysis), 97 in duct‐to‐mucosa and 96 in dunking group. Both groups were comparable for baseline demographic and clinical profiles. The incidence of POPF in the entire study group was 23.8%. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (24.7% vs 22.9%,P = 0.71). Similarly, the incidence of grades B and C (clinically significant) POPF was comparable (16.5% vs 13.5%,P = 0.57). Both groups were comparable with respect to the secondary outcomes.DiscussionThe duct‐to‐mucosa technique of PJ after PD is not superior to the dunking technique with respect to POPF rate. (CTRI/2010/091/000531)
Effect of nephrectomy for retroperitoneal sarcoma on post‐operative renal function
Authors: Kim Daniel B. , Gray Richard , Li Zhuo , Wasif Nabil , Bagaria Sanjay P. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesSurgical resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) often involves removal of the ipsilateral kidney. We evaluated the long‐term post‐operative renal function in patients who underwent a nephrectomy as part of their en‐bloc resection of RPS.MethodsRetrospective review of an institutional database identified RPS patients who underwent nephrectomy for curative intent from 1990 to 2014. The primary outcome measured was chronic kidney disease (CKD) calculated by the glomerular filtration rate (GFR).ResultsOf the 47 patients in our study, 19 (40%), 18 (38%), and 10 (21%) patients had a preoperative CKD stage 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The GFR decreased by an average of 33.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 with 66% of patients demonstrating mild progression of their renal impairment. Only three (6%) patients progressed to CKD stage 4 or 5, one of which required life‐long dialysis.ConclusionNephrectomy as part of an en‐bloc resection is associated with a decrease in GFR that is not clinically significant. Fear of kidney failure should not prevent a surgeon from performing a nephrectomy in the treatment of RPS.
Factors affecting hospital length of stay following pelvic exenteration surgery
Authors: Guo Ying , Chang Eugene , Bozkurt Mehtap , Park Minjeong , Liu Diane , Fu Jack B. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesTotal pelvic exenteration are performed in patients with locally advanced or recurrent pelvic malignances. Many patients have prolong hospital length of stay (LOS), but risk factors are not clearly identified.MethodsFrom 2002 through 2012, 100 consecutive patients undergoing pelvic exenteration were retrospectively reviewed. A general linear model was used to examine risk factors for prolonged hospital LOS.ResultsAmong the 100 patients, 51 had gastrointestinal cancer, 14 had genitourinary cancer, 31 had gynecologic cancer, and 4 had sarcoma. Perioperative complications included infection (n = 44), anastomotic leak/fistula (n = 6), wound or flap dehiscence (n = 11), and ileus or bowel obstruction (n = 30). The median (Interquartile range (IQR)) hospital LOS was 15 days (10‐21.5 days). On multivariate regression analysis, hospital LOS was significantly prolonged by underweight status, genitourinary cancer or sarcoma diagnosis, ≥2 infections, anastomotic leak/fistula, requiring rehabilitation consult and admission, and ≥2 consultations (P = 0.05).ConclusionIn patients undergoing pelvic exenteration, prolonged hospital LOS is associated with underweight status, genitourinary cancer or sarcoma diagnosis, more than one infection, anastomotic leak/fistula, requiring rehabilitation consult and admission, and more than one consultation. Further study is needed to assess whether minimizing these risk factors can improve hospital LOS in these patients.
Incidence and histologic features of mixed renal tumors
Authors: Kocher Neil J. , Rjepaj Chris , Lehman Erik , Raman Jay D. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesGuidelines for management of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incompletely address the implications of mixed renal tumor histology. We investigate the incidence of mixed renal tumors identified at renal surgery and determine the association with pathologic features.MethodsInstitutional kidney tumor database was reviewed to identify 536 patients who underwent partial or radical nephrectomy. Clinical, demographic, and pathologic data were collected. A linear fixed effects model and logistic regression determined the association of mixed tumor histology with tumor size, stage, grade, and nephrometry score.ResultsThree hundred and eighteen men and 218 women with a median BMI of 31 and median tumor size of 3.5 cm were included. 469 (87.5%) patients had pathologic kidney cancer with the most common histologies being clear cell carcinoma in 343 (73.1%) patients, papillary in 81 (17.3%) patients, and chromophobe in 25 (5.3%) patients. Twenty (4.3%) patients had mixed tumors on final pathology. Clear cell RCC was the most common primary pathology in patients with mixed tumor histology (n = 14, 75%) with additional primary tumor histologies included papillary and chromophobe. When considering secondary histologies, 85% were coexistent primary renal cancers while 15% (n = 3) were benign renal tumors. No association of mixed tumor histology and adverse pathologic features was noted.ConclusionsMixed tumor histology is an uncommon entity that is not associated with adverse features in a solitary renal mass. These results are especially relevant in discussing the role of renal mass biopsy, and provide further evidence that renal sampling is a valuable tool in the appropriate clinical context.
Specimen mapping in head and neck cancer using fluorescence imaging
Authors: Teraphongphom Nutte , Kong Christina S. , Warram Jason M. , Rosenthal Eben L. 
Published: October 2017

OverviewAlthough the agreed‐upon standard is circumferential pathology analysis of the interface between the resected specimen and the patient, there is currently no consensus on the optimal methodology to achieve this in head and neck cancer specimens. This is most commonly conducted by either sampling the wound bed after resection or obtaining samples from the specimen. Regardless of the technique, only a fraction of the area of interest can be sampled due to the labor‐intensive nature of frozen sections.ObjectiveThis review will cover and define the possible role for optical mapping of the surgical specimen using fluorescence imaging in head and neck cancer.Level of EvidenceNA
Superficial temporal artery perforator flap: Anatomic study of number and reliability of distal branches of the superficial temporal artery and clinical applications in three cases
Authors: Aveta Achille , Brunetti Beniamino , Tenna Stefania , Segreto Francesco , Persichetti Paolo 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundLimited information is available about the anatomical feasibility and clinical applications of flaps based on distal divisions of the superficial temporal artery (STA). The aim of this study was to investigate the anatomy of the STA, focusing on the number and reliability of distal branches and to show representative cases for the use of such flaps for zygomatic, parieto‐frontal and occipital reconstructions.MethodsFifty volunteers were examined bilaterally by Doppler to investigate the presence and variability of the distal divisions of STA branches. Dissection was performed on 14 temporal regions of 7 fresh cadavers. Three cases of reconstruction following skin cancer in the zygomatic (7 × 5 cm defect), parieto‐frontal (4 × 4 cm defect) and occipital areas (4 × 2 cm defect) are presented. All the flaps were pedicled and based on a single vessel.ResultsIn all the 50 volunteers, the parietal branch split into 2 ± 0 branches (anterior and posterior), bilaterally, while an average of 2.84 ± 0.46 and 2.82 ± 0.48 branches originated from the frontal vessel on the right and left side, respectively. 2 ± 0 parietal and 3 ± 0 frontal (superior, central, and inferior) cutaneous perforator branches were identified in all cadaveric specimens. Flaps (4 × 10 cm, 5 × 7 cm, and 2 × 5 cm, respectively, width × length) healed uneventfully providing stable coverage.ConclusionsSTA distal perforator branches proved to be anatomically constant in both the cadaveric and clinical settings. Although a larger series of cases is needed, island flaps based on such vessels may represent a versatile surgical option, allowing a wide range of reconstructions in the different facial subunits.
Age of onset or age at assessment—that is the question: Estimating newly incident alcohol drinking and rapid transition to heavy drinking in the United States, 2002–2014
Authors: Cheng Hui G. , Lopez‐Quintero Catalina , Anthony James C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAge‐specific incidence estimates are important and useful facts in psychiatric epidemiology, but incidence estimation can be challenging. Methods artifacts are possible. In the United States, where the minimum legal drinking age is 21 years, recent cross‐sectional field research on 12‐ to 25‐year‐olds applied conventional “age‐at‐assessment” approaches (AAA) for incidence estimation based on 12‐month recall. Estimates disclosed unexpected nonlinear patterns in age‐specific incidence estimates for both drinking onset and for transitioning from first drink to heavy drinking. Here, our aim is to draw attention to an “age of onset” (AOO) alternative to AAA approaches and to verify whether the AOO approach also discloses nonlinearity. Yearly data are from U.S. nationally representative samples drawn and assessed for National Surveys on Drug Use and Health, 2002–2014, with standardized audio computer‐assisted self‐interview assessments for drinking outcomes. Both AAA and AOO approaches show nonlinearities, with an unexpected dip in drinking incidence rates after age 18 and before the age 21 minimum legal drinking age. The AOO and the AAA approaches disclosed similar age‐specific patterns. We discuss advantages of the AOO approach when nonlinear incidence patterns can be anticipated, but we conclude that the AAA approach has not created an artifactual nonlinear pattern.
Synthesis of lactide/ɛ‐caprolactone quasi‐random copolymer by using rationally designed mononuclear aluminum complexes with modified β‐ketiminato ligand
Authors: Huang Hai‐Chao , Li Zong‐Jun , Wang Bin , Chen Xiaolu , Li Yue‐Sheng 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTA series of novel aluminum complexes containing bulky aryl‐β‐ketiminato ligands [ArNCHC10H7C6H5O]Al(CH3)2 (3a, Ar = C6F5; 3b, Ar = C6H5; 3c, Ar = 2,6‐iPr2C6H3) have been synthesized in high yields. These complexes were identified by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and X‐ray structural analysis. All the aluminum complexes could efficiently catalyze the ROP of ɛ‐caprolactone (ɛ‐CL) and Lactide (LA) in a controlled manner. It was found that the steric effect of the ligand has less effect on the ROP of CL, while the polymerization rate of L‐LA was suppressed significantly. More interestingly, this kind of catalysts can promote the random copolymerization of ɛ‐CL and L‐LA. The transesterification side reaction and the polymer composition could be adjusted by modulating the electronic and steric effects of the ligand. In paticular, compound 3c could produce quasi‐random copolymers without transesterification side reactions, as indicated by both the values of the reactivity ratios of the two monomers (rLA = 1.31; rCL = 0.99) and the similar average lengths of the caproyl and lactidyl sequences (LCL = 2.34; LLA = 2.44). Finally, a drug‐random copolymer conjugates could be easily prepared by using 3c, indicating a potential application of 3c in pharmacutical and biomedical field. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 203–212