bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of non-invasive core temperature monitoring in infant and toddler patients: a prospective observational study
Authors: Fujii Tasuku , Takakura Masashi , Taniguchi Tomoya , Nishiwaki Kimitoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Careful perioperative temperature management is important because it influences clinical outcomes. In pediatric patients, the esophageal temperature is the most accurate indicator of core temperature. However, it requires probe insertion into the body cavity, which is mildly invasive. Therefore, a non-invasive easily and continuously temperature monitor system is ideal. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of Temple Touch Pro™ (TTP), a non-invasive temperature monitoring using the heat flux technique, compared with esophageal (Tesoph) and rectal (Trect) temperature measurements in pediatric patients, especially in infants and toddlers.

Methods
This single-center prospective observational study included 40 pediatric patients (< 3 years old) who underwent elective non-cardiac surgery. The accuracy of TTP was analyzed using Bland–Altman analysis and compared with Tesoph or Trect temperature measurements. The error was within ± 0.5 °C and was considered clinically acceptable.

Results
The bias ± precision between TTP and Tesoph was 0.09 ± 0.28 °C, and 95% limits of agreement were  – 0.48 to 0.65 °C (error within ± 0.5 °C: 94.0%). The bias ± precision between TTP and Trect was 0.41 ± 0.38 °C and 95% limits of agreement were  – 0.35 to 1.17 °C (error within ± 0.5 °C: 68.5%). In infants, bias ± precision with 95% limits of agreement were 0.10 ± 0.30 °C with  – 0.50 to 0.69 °C (TTP vs. Tesoph) and 0.35 ± 0.29 °C with  – 0.23 to 0.92 °C (TTP vs. Trect).

Conclusion
Core temperature measurements using TTP in infants and toddlers were more accurate with Tesoph than with Trect. In the future, non-invasive TTP temperature monitoring will help perioperative temperature management in pediatric patients.
Social isolation and poor mental health in young people: testing genetic and environmental influences in a longitudinal cohort study
Authors: Thompson Katherine N. , Oginni Olakunle , Wertz Jasmin , Danese Andrea , Okundi Malaika , Arseneault Louise , Matthews Timothy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe assessed genetic and environmental influences on social isolation across childhood and the overlap between social isolation and mental health symptoms including depression symptoms, conduct problems, and psychotic-like experiences from adolescence to young adulthood. Participants included 2,232 children from the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study. Social isolation was measured at ages 5, 7, 10, 12, and 18. A Cholesky decomposition was specified to estimate the genetic and environmental influences on social isolation across ages 5, 7, 10, and 12. An independent pathway model was used to assess additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and non-shared environmental (E) influences on the overlap between social isolation and mental health problems from age 12 to 18. Genetic and non-shared environmental influences accounted for half of the variance in childhood social isolation. Genetic influences contributed to the continuity of social isolation across childhood, while non-shared environmental influences were age-specific. The longitudinal overlap between social isolation and mental health symptoms was largely explained by genetic influences for depression symptoms (r = 0.15–0.24: 82–84% A, 11–12% C, and 5–6% E) and psychotic-like experiences (r = 0.13–0.15: 81–91% A, 0–8% C, and 9–11% E) but not conduct problems (r = 0.13–0.16; 0–42% A, 42–81% C, 16–24% E). Our findings emphasise that rather than a risk factor or an outcome, social isolation is aetiologically intertwined with the experience of poor mental health. An integrative assessment of social isolation could be a helpful indicator of underlying mental health symptoms in young people.
Identification of a Novel β-Defensin Gene in Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)
Authors: Ferez-Puche M. , Serna-Duque Jhon A. , Cuesta Alberto , Sánchez-Ferrer Álvaro , Esteban María Ángeles 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe excessive use of antibiotics in aquaculture favors the natural selection of multidrug-resistant bacteria, and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) could be a promising alternative to this problem. The most studied AMPs in teleost fish are piscidins, hepcidins, and β-defensins. In this work, we have found a new gene (defb2) encoding a type 2 β-defensin in the genome of gilthead seabream, a species chosen for its economic interest in aquaculture. Its open reading frame (192 bp) encodes a protein (71 amino acids) that undergoes proteolytic cleavage to obtain the functional mature peptide (42 amino acids). The genetic structure in three exons and two introns and the six characteristic cysteines are conserved as the main signature of this protein family. In the evolutionary analysis, synteny shows a preservation of chromosomal localization and the phylogenetic tree constructed exposes the differences between both types of β-defensin as well as the similarities between seabream and European seabass. In relation to its basal expression, β-defensin 2 is mostly expressed in the intestine, thymus, skin, and gonads of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). In head kidney leucoytes (HKLs), the expression was very low and did not change significantly when stimulated with various immunocompetent agents. However, the expression was significantly down-regulated in the liver, head–kidney, and blood 4 h post-injection with the fish pathogen Vibrio harveyi. When infected with nodavirus, the expression was downregulated in brain at 7 days post-infection. These results denote a possible complementarity between the expression patterns of β-defensins and hepcidins. Further studies are needed to analyze gene duplications and expression patterns of β-defensins and describe their mechanism of action in seabream and other teleost fish.
IAT/ML: a metamodel and modelling approach for discourse analysis
Authors: Gonzalez-Perez Cesar , Pereira-Fariña Martín , Calderón-Cerrato Beatriz , Martín-Rodilla Patricia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLanguage technologies are gaining momentum as textual information saturates social networks and media outlets, compounded by the growing role of fake news and disinformation. In this context, approaches to represent and analyse public speeches, news releases, social media posts and other types of discourses are becoming crucial. Although there is a large body of literature on text-based machine learning, it tends to focus on lexical and syntactical issues rather than semantic or pragmatic. Being useful, these advances cannot tackle the nuanced and highly context-dependent problems of discourse evaluation that society demands. In this paper, we present IAT/ML, a metamodel and modelling approach to represent and analyse discourses. IAT/ML focuses on semantic and pragmatic issues, thus tackling a little researched area in language technologies. It does so by combining three different modelling approaches: ontological, which focuses on what the discourse is about; argumentation, which deals with how the text justifies what it says; and agency, which provides insights into the speakers’ beliefs, desires and intentions. Together, these three modelling approaches make IAT/ML a comprehensive solution to represent and analyse complex discourses towards their understanding, evaluation and fact checking.
Safety and efficacy of a novel 0.5% epinastine topical eyelid cream in allergic conjunctivitis: a phase 3 trial
Authors: Fujishima Hiroshi , Shoji Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The high prevalence of allergic conjunctivitis in Japan necessitates novel, easy-to-use treatment options for prophylactic use. We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a newly-developed 0.5% epinastine topical eyelid cream to prevent the development of allergic conjunctivitis.

Study design
This was a phase 3, single-centre, double-masked, intra-patient randomised trial in asymptomatic adults (aged 20–65 years) with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis in Japan.

Methods
The left and right eyes of eligible patients were randomised to receive a topical application of either 0.5% epinastine cream (~ 30 mg per dose) to one eye or placebo cream to the other (on the outer skin of the upper and lower eyelids) after a conjunctival antigen challenge (CAC) test. Symptom severity was assessed up to 24 h post-treatment. Primary efficacy endpoints were mean ocular itching and conjunctival hyperaemia severity scores in each eye; safety endpoints included adverse events (AEs) and adverse drug reaction (ADRs).

Results
In total, 30 patients (60 eyes) were included in the study. The 0.5% epinastine topical eyelid cream reduced mean ocular itching scores (difference in least squares means ± standard error, − 1.12 ± 0.214; p < 0.0001) and mean conjunctival hyperaemia scores (− 0.54 ± 0.197; p = 0.0097) 24 h after treatment versus placebo. The 0.5% epinastine topical eyelid cream was well tolerated, with no AEs or ADRs reported.

Conclusion
With its novel route of administration, 0.5% epinastine topical eyelid cream may be considered a unique, easy-to-use, once-daily treatment option to prevent the onset of seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.
Improved a posteriori error bounds for reduced port-Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Rettberg Johannes , Wittwar Dominik , Buchfink Patrick , Herkert Robin , Fehr Jörg , Haasdonk Bernard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProjection-based model order reduction of dynamical systems usually introduces an error between the high-fidelity model and its counterpart of lower dimension. This unknown error can be bounded by residual-based methods, which are typically known to be highly pessimistic in the sense of largely overestimating the true error. This work applies two improved error bounding techniques, namely (a) a hierarchical error bound and (b) an error bound based on an auxiliary linear problem, to the case of port-Hamiltonian systems. The approaches rely on a secondary approximation of (a) the dynamical system and (b) the error system. In this paper, these methods are adapted to port-Hamiltonian systems. The mathematical relationship between the two methods is discussed both theoretically and numerically. The effectiveness of the described methods is demonstrated using a challenging three-dimensional port-Hamiltonian model of a classical guitar with fluid–structure interaction.
Selective FFRCT testing in suspected stable angina in clinical practice - initial experiences
Authors: Thangavel Shifan , Madsen Kristian Taekker , Rønnow Sand Niels Peter , Veien Karsten Tange , Deibjerg Lone , Husain Majed , Hosbond Susanne , Alan Dilek Hunerel , Øvrehus Kristian Altern , Junker Anders , Mortensen Jonas , Thomsen Kristian Korsgaard , Jensen Lisette Okkels , Poulsen Tina Svenstrup , Steffensen Flemming Hald , Rohold Allan , Busk Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCoronary CT angiography (CTA) derived fractional flow reserve (FFRCT) is recommended for physiological assessment in intermediate coronary stenosis for guiding referral to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). In this study, we report real-world data on the feasibility of implementing a CTA/FFRCT test algorithm as a gatekeeper to ICA at referral hospitals. Retrospective all-comer study of patients with new onset stable symptoms and suspected coronary stenosis (30–89%) by CTA. Evaluation of CTA datasets, interpretation of FFRCT analysis, and decisions on downstream testing were performed by skilled CT-cardiologists. CTA was performed in 3974 patients, of whom 381 (10%) were referred directly to ICA, whereas 463 (12%) to non-invasive functional testing: FFRCT 375 (81%) and perfusion imaging 88 (19%). FFRCT analysis was rejected in 8 (2%) due to inadequate CTA image quality. Number of patients deferred from ICA after FFRCT was 267 (71%), while 100 (27%) were referred to ICA. Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) was confirmed in 62 (62%) patients and revascularization performed in 53 (53%). Revascularization rates, n (%), were higher in patients undergoing FFRCT-guided versus CTA-guided referral to ICA: 30–69% stenosis, 28 (44%) versus 8 (21%); 70–89% stenosis, 39 (69%) versus 25 (46%), respectively, both p < 0.05. Implementation of FFRCT at referral hospitals was feasible, reduced the number of invasive procedures, and increased the revascularization rate.
Breeding for resistance to bacterial wilt in Solanaceae crops: lessons learned and ways forward for Gboma eggplant (Solanum macrocarpon L.), a traditional African vegetable
Authors: Sossou Belchrist E. , Ayenan Mathieu A. T. , Schafleitner Roland , Rachidatou Sikirou , Achigan-Dako Enoch G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBacterial wilt (BW) is caused by Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) and can lead to severe losses in a wide range of crops, including many traditional African vegetables (TAV). Given the critical role of TAV in African food security, investigations of BW incidence, distribution, and effective breeding strategies are needed to support public and private TAV breeding programs. In this review, we address key questions related to the diversity of BW pathogens, susceptible TAV hosts, distribution, incidence, breeding strategies, sources of resistance, and gaps in the development of resistant TAV varieties in Africa. We also discuss the potential of multiomics integration to enhance our understanding of the host plant defense system against BW in Solanaceae crops. We curated BW strain databases obtained from several online platforms, representing a total of 948 BW strains. Using a refined database, we highlighted the diversity of RSSC and TAV crops affected by RSSC in different regions of Africa. Out of 29 species documented to be affected by BW in Africa, ten are TAV, including widely consumed TAV such as Amaranths and nightshades. In addition, phylotypes I and III are reported to affect TAV, and the incidence can reach up to 72.4% in farmers’ fields. An overview of the first reports revealed that the disease has become a serious threat to TAV in the past decade. Finally, this review proposes a schematic map of possible avenues for successful breeding of BW-resistant TAV using Gboma eggplant as a case study.
Endoscopic screening for identification of signet ring cell gastric cancer foci in carriers of germline pathogenic variants in CDH1
Authors: Mejia Perez Lady Katherine , O’Malley Margaret , Chatterjee Arjun , Lyu Ruishen , Yang Qijun , Cruise Michael W. , LaGuardia Lisa , Liska David , Macaron Carole , Walsh R. Matthew , Burke Carol A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTo determine the preoperative detection of signet ring cancer cells (SRC) on upper endoscopy (EGD) in patients with CDH1 pathogenic variant (PV) undergoing gastrectomy. To evaluate the development of advanced diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) in patients choosing surveillance. Guidelines recommend prophylactic total gastrectomy (pTG) in CDH1 PV carriers with family history of DGC between 18 and 40 years. Annual EGD with biopsies according to established protocols is recommended in carriers with no SRC and no family history of DGC, with consideration of pTG. Retrospective analysis of asymptomatic patients with CDH1 PVs with ≥ 1 surveillance EGD. Outcomes included pre-operative EGD detection of SRC, surgical stage, and progression to advanced DGC in those electing surveillance with EGD. 48 patients with CDH1 PVs who had ≥ 1 EGD were included. 24/ 48 (50%) underwent gastrectomy, including pTG in 7 patients. SRCC were detected on gastrectomy specimen in 21/24 (87.5%). SRCs were identified by EGD in 17/21 patients who had SRCC on gastrectomy specimens (sensitivity 81%, 17/21). All cancers were stage pT1a. The remaining 17 patients (50% with a family history of gastric cancer) continue in annual EGD surveillance with a median follow-up of 34.6 months. No SRCC or advanced DGC have been diagnosed. No CDH1 PV carriers without SRCC on random biopsies followed in an endoscopic program developed advanced DGC over a median follow up of 3 years. In the short term, EGD surveillance might be a safe alternative to immediate pTG in experienced hands in referral centers.
Analysing Double Shearing Mechanism in Fiberglass Rock Bolting Systems: a Comprehensive Analytical Model and Numerical Simulation Approach
Authors: Gregor Peter , Mirzaghorbanali Ali , McDougall Kevin , Aziz Naj , Jodeiri Shokri Behshad , Nourizadeh Hadi , Taheri Abbas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAn analytical method and numerical simulation were developed to investigate the shear performance of fiberglass rock bolts (20-tonne and 30-tonne) by conducting sixteen double-shearing tests with both clean and infilled shear interfaces. Following the preparation of the required samples, each test set-up was subjected to different ranges of pretension values. The infilled scenario involved 5 mm thick sandy clay infilled shear interfaces. The results of the double shearing tests unveiled that as pretension increased, so did the confining pressures at the shear interfaces for both clean and infilled joints. Also, an analytical model was developed utilising the Fourier transform, energy balance theory, and linear elastic theory. The result was an empirical relationship that could determine the double shear performance of fibreglass rock bolts in close agreement with the experimental data. Coefficients were incorporated to facilitate model calibration and tuning. Eventually, fast Lagrangian analysis of continua (FLAC) three-dimensional (3D) modelling was utilised to conduct numerical simulations of fibreglass rock bolts subjected to double shearing scenarios. The numerical model was calibrated against experimental data and then extended to conduct a sensitivity analysis on fibreglass rock bolts subjected to double shear test setup variations. Scenarios included rock bolt installation angles, shearing rates, and various host rock strengths. The results revealed that increasing the shear speed from the experimental test baseline yielded substantial displacement increases in the post-failure residual performance of the rock bolts. Changing the installation angle resulted in greater peak shear forces and extended residual zones. The least significant impacts were observed when changing the host rock UCS, suggesting neither rock bolt was drastically impacted by weak or strong host rocks.
The importance of different forest management systems for people’s dietary quality in Tanzania
Authors: Olesen R. S. , Reiner F. , den Braber B. , Hall C. , Kilawe C. J. , Kinabo J. , Msuya J. , Rasmussen L. V. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Context
A large body of literature has shown that forests provide nutritious foods in many low- and middle-income countries. Yet, there is limited evidence on the contributions from different types of forest and tree systems.

Objectives
Here, we focus on individual trees and smaller forest patches outside established forest reserves as well as different forest management systems.

Methods
We do so by combining novel high-resolution data on tree cover with 24-h dietary recall surveys from 465 women in Tanzania.

Results
We show that people with more unclassified tree cover (i.e., individual trees and small forest patches) in their nearby surroundings have more adequate protein, iron, zinc, and vitamin A intakes. We also find that having a nearby forest under Participatory Forest Management (PFM) system is associated with higher adequacy levels of energy, iron, zinc and vitamin A. By contrast, tree cover within other types of forest (e.g., Government Forest Reserves and Government Forest Plantations) is not positively associated with people’s dietary quality.

Conclusions
Our key finding is that having individual trees, smaller forest patches and/or forest under PFM in close proximity is more beneficial for people’s diets than other types of established forests. Our results highlight the nutritional importance of trees outside established forests and question the often-assumed benefits of forests if these are made inaccessible by social barriers (e.g., legislation). Finally, our results emphasize the need to distinguish between different forest management systems when studying forest-diet linkages.
Economic risk of differential subsidence in Mexico City (2014–2022)
Authors: Fernández-Torres Enrique Antonio , Cabral-Cano Enrique , Salazar-Tlaczani Luis , Solano-Rojas Darío 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Differential ground subsidence associated with groundwater extraction can damage urban infrastructure and housing, producing important economic risk and losses. This paper assessed the economic risk due to differential subsidence in Mexico City. To obtain the economic risk maps, we applied a three-stage methodology. In the first stage, we computed the cadastral value per city block. In the second stage, we obtained the vertical, horizontal, and differential subsidence velocities for the period 2014–2022 using Sentinel-1 SAR scenes. In the last stage, we combined the products of stages I and II to obtain the city blocks exceeding Mexico City’s Limit States to differential subsidence and the economic risk maps based on two scenarios of typologies. The first scenario consists of masonry construction with 1–2 floors, and the second of constructions with 1–4 floors with steel frames. In the first scenario of economic risk, we obtained that 7.6% of city blocks, 215,000 properties, and 738,000 people are within high and very high-risk categories, representing an economic cost of $10.5 billion USD. In the second risk scenario, we obtained that $2.5 billion USD is the cost of properties with high-risk, exposing 48,000 properties, 169 thousand people, and 2% of city blocks. This paper represents the first time land subsidence is evaluated in Mexico City in economic terms. The obtained results can be useful to local authorities to know the economic impacts of differential land subsidence in the city, which can help to improve land subsidence mitigation strategies in the coming years.
Gender identity: the subjective fit account
Authors: Cosker-Rowland Rach 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a new account of gender identity on which for A to have gender G as part of their gender identity is for A to not take G not to fit them (or to positively take G to fit them). It argues that this subjective fit account of gender identity fits well with trans people’s testimony and both trans and cis people’s experiences of their genders. The subjective fit account also avoids the problems that existing accounts of gender identity face. Existing accounts face broadly two types of problems. First, they seem to imply that trans people have gender identities different from those that they in fact have. For instance, they seem to imply that some trans women do not have a female gender identity or have not always had that gender identity, contrary to their testimony and experiences. I argue that the subjective fit account avoids this problem. Second, many existing accounts of gender identity seem to conflict with the idea that our gender identities merit respect. I argue that the subjective fit account avoids this problem because it understands gender identities to consist in normative experiences and judgments and normative experiences and judgments merit respect.