bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embryonic Stem Cell-Like Population in Dupuytren’s Disease Expresses Components of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Authors: On Nicholas , Koh Sabrina P. , Brasch Helen D. , Dunne Jonathan C. , Armstrong James R. , Tan Swee T. , Itinteang Tinte 
Published: July 2017

Background:
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) mediates cardiac and renal fibrosis. Dupuytren’s disease (DD) is a proliferative fibromatosis affecting the hands. This study investigated the expression of the RAS in DD.

Methods:
3,3-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) and immunofluorescent immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for (pro)renin receptor (PRR), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin II receptor 1 (ATIIR1), and angiotensin II receptor 2 (ATIIR2) was performed on 4-μm thick formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of DD cords and nodules from 6 patients. Western blotting (WB) and NanoString mRNA analysis were performed to confirm RAS protein expression and transcriptional activation, respectively.

Results:
IHC staining demonstrated the expression of PRR, ACE, ATIIR1, and ATIIR2 on the ERG+ and CD34+ endothelium of the micro vessels surrounding the DD cords and nodules. PRR was also expressed on the pericyte layer of these microvessels. WB confirmed protein expression of PRR, ACE, and ATIIR2 but not ATIIR1. NanoString analysis confirmed transcriptional activation of PRR, ACE, ATIIR1, but ATIIR2 was below detectable levels.

Conclusions:
We demonstrated expression of PRR, ATIIR1, ATIIR2, and ACE on the embryonic stem cell–like cell population on the microvessels surrounding DD nodules and cords by IHC staining, although the expression of ATIIR1 was not confirmed by WB and that of ATIIR2 was below detectable levels on NanoString analysis. These findings suggest the embryonic stem cell–like cell population as a potential therapeutic target for DD, by using RAS modulators.
PROPHYLACTIC PREOPERATIVE LASER RETINOPEXY DOES NOT REDUCE THE OCCURRENCE OF RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL COMPLICATIONS IN MACULAR SURGERY
Authors: Garg Aakriti , Chang Jonathan S. , Tosi Gian Marco , Esposti Pierluigi , Chen Royce W. , Horowitz Jason , Hoang Quan V. , Schiff William M. , Barile Gaetano R. , Chang Stanley 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
Knowledge on the utility of prophylactic 360° laser retinopexy before pars plana vitrectomy in the absence of peripheral retinal pathology is limited. This study compares the occurrence of rhegmatogenous events in the setting of small-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with and without prophylactic preoperative laser.

Methods:
Our multicenter, retrospective case–control analysis reviewed patients who underwent epiretinal membrane removal or macular hole repair through 23- or 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy: 205 controls who did not receive prophylactic laser and 176 cases who received preoperative prophylactic laser retinopexy anterior to the equator. Main outcome measures were the rate and characteristics of postoperative retinal tears and detachments. Patients with previous pars plana vitrectomy or significant retinal disease were excluded.

Results:
Of those patients with prophylactic laser and those without, there was no significant difference in the number of retinal breaks (1.7% vs. 0.49%, respectively; P = 0.339) or retinal detachments (0% vs. 0.49%, respectively; P = 1.00). Of the lasered group, there was one sclerotomy-related retinal break and two non–sclerotomy-related retinal breaks. Of the nonlasered group, there was one non–sclerotomy-related retinal break and one sclerotomy-related retinal detachment.

Conclusion:
Preoperative prophylactic peripheral laser retinopexy does not seem to offer an added benefit in the prevention of intraoperative and postoperative rhegmatogenous events.
Changes in Higher-Order Aberrations After Phototherapeutic Keratectomy for Subepithelial Corneal Infiltrates After Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Kepez Yildiz Burcin , Urvasizoglu Semih , Yildirim Yusuf , Agca Alper , K. Besek Nilay , Fazil Korhan , Eris Erdem , Aygit Ebru Demet , Taskapili Muhittin , Demirok Ahmet 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To investigate how corneal aberrations change after phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) for subepithelial infiltrates after adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.

Methods:
The records of patients who underwent transepithelial PTK for subepithelial infiltrates were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (VA) and the results of slit-lamp biomicroscopy examinations were recorded. The PTK procedure was performed under topical anesthesia with an Amaris excimer laser. Patients' manifest refraction values, topographical examination results, and corneal aberrations before and after surgery were analyzed.

Results:
Twenty-four eyes of 16 women (84.3%) and 3 men (15.7%) were treated. The mean follow-up time was 6.0 ± 2.5 (range: 3–12) months, and the mean ablation depth was 82.3 ± 1.0 (range: 80–88) μm. Postoperative median best-corrected VA increased from 0.6 (range: 0.4–1.0) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution to 0.2 (range: 0.1–0.5) logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (P = 0.048), coma decreased from 0.56 (range: 0.29–0.37) to 0.44 (range: 0.07–0.74), secondary astigmatism decreased from 0.45 (range: 0.12–1.9) to 0.17 (range: 0.03–0.49), and total higher-order aberrations decreased from 1.24 (range: 0.61–6.74) to 0.9 (range: 0.33–1.64) (P = 0.008, 0.0032, and 0.018, respectively).

Conclusions:
PTK is an effective method for treating corneal opacity after epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, which yields significant improvements in both VA and visual quality.
Use of Topical Insulin to Treat Refractory Neurotrophic Corneal Ulcers
Authors: Wang Angeline L. , Weinlander Eric , Metcalf Brandon M. , Barney Neal P. , Gamm David M. , Nehls Sarah M. , Struck Michael C. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose:
To report the clinical course of 6 patients with refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers that were treated with topical insulin drops.

Methods:
Retrospective chart review of patients who had neurotrophic corneal ulcers or epithelial defects refractory to standard medical and surgical treatment. Insulin drops, prepared by mixing regular insulin in artificial tears with a polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol base at a concentration of 1 unit per milliliter, were prescribed 2 to 3 times daily.

Results:
Six patients, aged 2 to 73 years, developed neurotrophic corneal ulcers refractory to a range of medical and surgical treatments, including bandage contact lens, amniotic membrane grafting, and permanent tarsorrhaphy. Each patient was administered topical insulin drops with complete corneal reepithelialization within 7 to 25 days.

Conclusions:
Topical insulin may be a simple and effective treatment for refractory neurotrophic corneal ulcers. Further study is required to determine the clinical efficacy and side effect profile of insulin drops.
Rotavirus Infection in the Auckland Region After the Implementation of Universal Infant Rotavirus Vaccination
Authors: McAuliffe Gary N. , Taylor Susan L. , Drinković Dragana , Roberts Sally A. , Wilson Elizabeth M. , Best Emma J. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
In July 2014, New Zealand introduced universal infant vaccination with RotaTeq (Merk & Co.) administered as 3 doses at 6 weeks, 3 and 5 months of age. We sought to assess the impact of rotavirus vaccination on gastroenteritis (GE) hospitalizations in the greater Auckland region and analyze changes in rotavirus testing in the period around vaccine introduction.

Methods:
Hospitalizations, laboratory testing rates and methods were compared between the pre-vaccine period (2009–2013), post-vaccine period (January 2015 to December 2015) and year of vaccine introduction (2014).

Results:
There was a 68% decline in rotavirus hospitalizations of children <5 years of age after vaccine introduction (from 258/100,000 to 83/100,000) and a 17% decline in all-cause gastroenteritis admissions (from 1815/100,000 to 1293/100,000). Reductions were also seen in pediatric groups too old to have received vaccine. Despite these changes, rotavirus testing rates in our region remained static in the year after vaccine introduction compared with the 2 prior years, and after vaccine introduction, we observed a high rate of false positives 19/58 (33%) in patients with reactive rotavirus tests.

Conclusions:
Rotavirus vaccine has had a significant early impact on gastroenteritis hospitalizations for children in the Auckland region. However, continued rotavirus testing at pre-vaccine rates risks generating false positive results. Laboratories and clinicians should consider reviewing their testing algorithms before vaccine introduction.
A Rare Presentation of a Morel-Lavallee Lesion of the Lower Leg Successfully Treated With Ultrasound-Guided Aspiration
Authors: Falconi Audrey , Crellin Holly , Tagawa Chelsea 
Published: July 2017

Abstract:
A Morel-Lavallee lesion (MLL) is a relatively rare condition that is caused by a traumatic shearing force. This force leads to a closed degloving injury of the subcutaneous tissue and fascia that creates a potential space that can fill with lymph, blood, and necrotic fat. The MLLs are traditionally seen after high impact trauma and typically located at the greater trochanter and pelvis, although recent reports have found them to be located at the knee, thigh, and lower leg. The MLLs typically present as swelling at the site of injury, which can be difficult to differentiate from several other diagnoses. This case report discusses an MLL in the lower extremity that occurred during a rugby game. A lack of familiarity with MLLs often leads to delayed diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis was eventually made with an magnetic resonance imaging, and the lesion was successfully treated with ultrasound-guided aspiration and compression. The athlete was able to return to play without recurrence of the lesion.
Functional Movement Screening and Injury Rates in High School and Collegiate Runners: A Retrospective Analysis of 3 Prospective Observational Studies
Authors: Bring Benjamin V. , Chan Miriam , Devine Robin C. , Collins Christy L. , Diehl Jason , Burkam Benjamin 
Published: July 2017

Objective:
Determine if the Functional Movement Screening (FMS) can be used to predict injury in high school and collegiate cross-country and track runners.

Design:
Prospective Observational, Cohort Study, Level of Evidence, 2.

Setting:
High schools and colleges in the Central Ohio area.

Patients:
Inclusion: (1) cross-country or track runners at participating schools; (2) full participation without restrictions; and (3) signed informed assent or consent. Exclusion: (1) Any injury or lower extremity surgery within 30 days; (2) planned limited participation in the upcoming season; or (3) other participation restrictions.

Interventions:
Functional Movement Screening was completed before the start of each season. Injuries were tracked during the regular season. No interventions were made based on FMS score.

Main Outcome Measures:
Functional Movement Screening scores, including overall, lower extremity, and specific exercises were compared between runners who did and did not sustain an injury using 2 sample t tests. A cutoff FMS score of ≤14 (most common in previous studies), and ≤15 (determined by a receiver operating characteristic curve), were compared using χ2 tests.

Results:
One hundred eighty-three runners were enrolled in the study. Overall, 32 (17.5%) runners sustained an injury. Functional Movement Screening score was not accurate in predicting injury for ≤14 (sensitivity: 65.6%; specificity: 39.7%; and area under the curve = 0.501) or ≤15 (sensitivity: 84.4% and specificity: 23.8%). There was no difference in risk of injury for runners with a FMS score of ≤14 (15.5%) and >14 (18.8%) (P = 0.572) or with a FMS score of ≤15 (17.5%) and >15 (17.4%) (P = 0.988).

Conclusions:
Functional Movement Screening composite score may not be useful for injury prediction in populations of high school and collegiate runners.
Noonan Syndrome: An Underestimated Cause of Severe to Profound Sensorineural Hearing Impairment. Which Clues to Suspect the Diagnosis?
Authors: Ziegler Alban , Loundon Natalie , Jonard Laurence , Cavé Hélène , Baujat Geneviève , Gherbi Souad , Couloigner Vincent , Marlin Sandrine 
Published: July 2017

Objective:
To highlight Noonan syndrome as a clinically recognizable cause of severe to profound sensorineural hearing impairment.

Study Design:
New clinical cases and review.

Setting:
Patients evaluated for etiological diagnosis by a medical geneticist in a reference center for hearing impairment.

Patients:
Five patients presenting with confirmed Noonan syndrome and profound sensorineural hearing impairment.

Interventions:
Diagnostic and review of the literature.

Results:
Five patients presented with profound sensorineural hearing impairment and molecularly confirmed Noonan syndrome. Sensorineural hearing impairment has been progressive for three patients. Cardiac echography identified pulmonary stenosis in two patients and was normal for the three other patients. Short stature was found in two patients. Mild intellectual disability was found in one patient. Inconspicuous clinical features as facial dysmorphism, cryptorchidism, or easy bruising were of peculiar interest to reach the diagnosis of Noonan syndrome.

Conclusion:
Profound sensorineural hearing impairment can be the main feature of Noonan syndrome. Associated features are highly variable; thus, detailed medical history and careful physical examination are mandatory to consider the diagnosis in case of a sensorineural hearing impairment.
Pediatric Gastroenterologists’ Approach to Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Chien Kimberley A. , Hammad Hoda T. , Gerber Linda , Sheth Sujit , Sockolow Robbyn , Kucine Nicole 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is significantly increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For the adult population, prophylaxis guidelines exist to help guide physicians in their management of high‐risk IBD patients. Although it is known that children with IBD also experience increased rates of VTE, there is no clear consensus on how best to prevent these unwanted complications. We sought to better understand practicing pediatric gastroenterologists’ awareness of this issue and practices surrounding prevention of VTE in their pediatric patients. We found that pediatric gastroenterologists are well aware of the increased risk for VTE in children with IBD, that anticoagulant prophylaxis is infrequently used for pediatric patients, and that the most commonly cited reason for not providing prophylaxis is the lack of available guidelines in the literature.
Transgender Individuals and Osteoporosis Prevention
Authors: Sedlak Carol A. , Roller Cyndi Gale , van Dulmen Manfred , Alharbi Homood A. , Sanata Jessica D. , Leifson Marci A. , Veney Amy J. , Alhawatmeh Hossam , Doheny Margaret O'Bryan 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:
Risk behaviors and hormone use place transgender individuals (TIs) in jeopardy for osteoporosis.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to expand the science about the knowledge, health beliefs, and osteoporosis (OP) preventing behaviors of TIs.

METHODS:
This was a mixed-methods pilot study of a convenience sample of 31 TIs 30 years and older. Participants completed an online Osteoporosis Bone Health Survey. Fifteen participants were randomly selected for an interview to describe their perceptions of bone health.

RESULTS:
Transgender individuals performed poorly on the knowledge measure. There were no significant findings for osteoporosis health beliefs. Participants' daily dietary dairy calcium intake was 800 mg and daily walking activity was 17 minutes. Perceptions of bone health revealed two essential elements, knowing and doing.

CONCLUSION:
Determining TIs' bone health perception is important because of their unique healthcare issues. Healthcare providers need to be aware of TIs' bone health needs to help enhance TIs' OP knowledge, health beliefs, and preventing behaviors.
A Bone Health Intervention for Chinese Immigrants in Santa Clara County
Authors: Zou Joanne , Hampton Michelle DeCoux , Shade Kate , Kaku Leonard 
Published: July 2017

BACKGROUND:
Among Chinese immigrants, osteoporosis is undertreated, misdiagnosed, and a leading cause of fragility fractures. In orthopaedic surgery departments, prevention education and health behavior change programs are necessary to improve their bone health.

PURPOSE:
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an osteoporosis prevention education program on participants' self-efficacy with regard to exercise and nutrition when provided by an orthopaedic surgery team during an annual Chinese Health Fair in Santa Clara County, CA.

METHODS:
This pilot study used a single-group pretest and posttest design. Chinese immigrants at risk of osteoporosis were recruited during a 1-day health fair. The Bone Health Intervention (BHI) included orthopaedic surgeon consultation, visual aids including osteoporosis images and bone models, a video that included a discussion on calcium and vitamin D in the Chinese diet and culturally-acceptable exercise, and osteoporosis educational handouts. The Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy Scale (OSES) was utilized to measure participants' confidence in the ability to participate in self-care behaviors related to physical activity and calcium intake before and after the intervention. Paired t tests were used to compare participants' OSES scores pre- and postintervention.

RESULTS:
There was a significant increase in mean OSES scores postintervention, indicating that the intervention could be an effective method of increasing participants' self-efficacy regarding calcium intake and time spent in exercising.

CONCLUSION:
These results indicate that a culturally meaningful education program can potentially reduce fragility fracture risk. Orthopaedic health providers are ideal candidates to deliver preventive care education to improve outcomes for Chinese immigrants.
A Standardized Arabic Reading Acuity Chart: The Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat Chart
Authors: Alabdulkader Balsam , Leat Susan J. 
Published: July 2017

PURPOSE
The aim of this study was to develop and validate the first standardized Arabic continuous text near-visual-acuity chart, the Balsam Alabdulkader-Leat (BAL) chart.

METHODS
Three versions of the BAL chart were created from previously validated sentences. Reading acuity (RA) and reading speed in standard-length words per minute (SLWPM) were measured for three versions of the BAL chart and three English charts (MNREAD, Colenbrander, and Radner) for 86 bilingual adults with normal vision aged 15 to 59 years. The RA and SLWPM were compared using analysis of variance. To analyze agreement between the charts, Bland-Altman plots were used. Normal visual acuity (0.00 logMAR [log minimum angle of resolution]) was calibrated for the BAL chart with linear regression analysis.

RESULTS
Average RAs for BAL1, BAL2, and BAL3 were 0.62, 0.64 and 0.65 log-point print, respectively, which were statistically significantly different (repeated-measures analysis of variance, P < .05), but not considered clinically significant. The coefficients of agreement for RA between the BAL charts were 0.054 (between 1 and 2), 0.061 (between 2 and 3), and 0.059 (between 1 and 3). Linear regression between the average RA for the BAL chart and the MNREAD and Radner charts showed that 0.7 log-point size at 40 cm is equivalent to 0.00 logMAR, and the new BAL chart was labeled accordingly. Mean SLWPM for the BAL charts was 201, 195, and 195 SLWPM, respectively, and for the Colenbrander, MNREAD, and Radner charts was 146, 171, and 146, respectively. The coefficients of agreement for log-SLWPM between BAL1 and BAL2, BAL2 and BAL3, and BAL1 and BAL3 were 0.063, 0.064, and 0.057 log-SLWPM, respectively.

CONCLUSIONS
The BAL chart showed high interchart agreement. It is recommended for accurate near performance measures in Arabic for both research and clinical settings.
Investing in Physicians Is Investing in Patients: Enhancing Patient Safety Through Physician Health and Well-Being Research
Authors: Brooks Elizabeth , Gundersen Doris C. , Gendel Michael H. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Keeping medical practitioners healthy is an important consideration for workforce satisfaction and retention, as well as public safety. However, there is limited evidence demonstrating how to best care for this group. The absence of data is related to the lack of available funding in this area of research. Supporting investigations that examine physician health often “fall through the cracks” of traditional funding opportunities, landing somewhere between patient safety and workforce development priorities. To address this, funders must extend the scope of current grant opportunities by broadening the scope of patient safety and its relationship to physician health. Other considerations are allocating a portion of doctors' licensing fees to support physician health research and encourage researchers to collaborate with interested stakeholders who can underwrite the costs of studies. Ultimately, funding studies of physician health benefits not only the community of doctors but also the millions of patients receiving care each year.
Oncologic Outcome and Morbidity in the Elderly Rectal Cancer Patients After Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy and Total Mesorectal Excision
Authors: Sung Soo-Y , Jang Hong S. , Kim Sung H. , Jeong Jae U. , Jeong Songmi , Song Jin H. , Chung Mi J. , Cho Hyeon M. , Kim Hyung J. , Kim Jun-Gi , Lee In K. , Lee Jong H. 
Published: July 2017

Objective:
To determine the toxicity and oncologic outcome of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by curative total mesorectal excision (TME) in the elderly (≥70 yrs) and younger (<70 yrs) rectal cancer patients.

Background:
Sufficient data for elderly rectal cancer patients who received definitive trimodality have not been accumulated yet.

Patients and Methods:
A total of 1232 rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant CRT and TME were enrolled in this study. After propensity-score matching, 310 younger patients and 310 elderly patients were matched with 1:1 manner. Treatment response, toxicity, surgical outcome, recurrence, and survival were assessed and compared between the 2 groups of patients.

Results:
The median age was 58 years for the younger patient group and 74 years for the elderly group. Pathologic complete response rates were not significantly different between the 2 groups (younger and elderly: 17.1% vs 14.8%, P = 0.443). The 5-year recurrence-free survival (younger and elderly: 67.7% vs 65.5%, P = 0.483) and overall survival (younger and elderly: 82.9% vs. 79.5%, P = 0.271) rates were not significantly different between the 2 groups either. Adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery was less frequently delivered to the elderly than that to younger patients (83.9% vs 69.0%). Grade 3 or higher acute hematologic toxicity was observed more frequently in the elderly than that in the younger group (9.0% vs 16.1%, P = 0.008). Late complication rate was higher in the elderly group compared with that in the younger group without statistical significance (2.6% vs 4.5%, P = 0.193).

Conclusions:
Although acute hematologic toxicity was observed more frequently in the elderly patients than that in the younger patients, elderly rectal cancer patients with good performance status who received preoperative CRT and TME showed favorable tumor response and recurrence-free survival similar to younger patients.