bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heavy-ion beam mutagenesis identified an essential gene for chloroplast development under cold stress conditions during both early growth and tillering stages in rice
Authors: Morita Ryouhei , Nakagawa Mayu , Takehisa Hinako , Hayashi Yoriko , Ichida Hiroyuki , Usuda Sachiko , Ichinose Katsunori , Abe Hiroshi , Shirakawa Yuki , Sato Tadashi , Fujiwara Makoto T , Itoh Ryuuichi D , Abe Tomoko 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We isolated a cold sensitive virescent1 (csv1) mutant from a rice (Oryza sativa L.) population mutagenized by carbon ion irradiation. The mutant exhibited chlorotic leaves during the early growth stages, and produced normal green leaves as it grew. The growth of csv1 plants displayed sensitivity to low temperatures. In addition, the mutant plants that were transferred to low temperatures at the fifth leaf stage produced chlorotic leaves subsequently. Genetic and molecular analyses revealed translocation of a 13-kb genomic fragment that disrupted the causative gene (CSV1; LOC_Os05g34040). CSV1 encodes a plastid-targeted oxidoreductase-like protein conserved among land plants, green algae, and cyanobacteria. Furthermore, CSV1 transcripts were more abundant in immature than in mature leaves, and they did not markedly increase or decrease with temperature. Taken together, our results indicate that CSV1 supports chloroplast development under cold stress conditions, in both the early growth and tillering stages in rice.
Sauna bathing is inversely associated with dementia and Alzheimer's disease in middle-aged Finnish men
Authors: Laukkanen Tanjaniina , Kunutsor Setor , Kauhanen Jussi , Laukkanen Jari Antero 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
there are no previous studies linking repeated heat exposure of sauna and the risk of memory diseases. We aimed to investigate whether frequency of sauna bathing is associated with risk of dementia and Alzheimer's disease.

Setting
prospective population-based study.

Methods
the frequency of sauna bathing was assessed at baseline in the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease population-based prospective cohort study of 2,315 apparently healthy men aged 42–60 years at baseline, with baseline examinations conducted between 1984 and 1989. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for dementia and Alzheimer's disease were ascertained using Cox-regression modelling with adjustment for potential confounders.

Results
during a median follow-up of 20.7 (interquartile range 18.1–22.6) years, a total of 204 and 123 diagnosed cases of dementia and Alzheimer's disease were respectively recorded. In analysis adjusted for age, alcohol consumption, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, smoking status, Type 2 diabetes, previous myocardial infarction, resting heart rate and serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, compared with men with only 1 sauna bathing session per week, the HR for dementia was 0.78 (95% CI: 0.57–1.06) for 2–3 sauna bathing sessions per week and 0.34 (95% CI: 0.16–0.71) for 4–7 sauna bathing sessions per week. The corresponding HRs for Alzheimer's disease were 0.80 (95% CI: 0.53–1.20) and 0.35 (95% CI: 0.14–0.90).

Conclusion
in this male population, moderate to high frequency of sauna bathing was associated with lowered risks of dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Further studies are warranted to establish the potential mechanisms linking sauna bathing and memory diseases.
geneAttribution: trait agnostic identification of candidate genes associated with noncoding variation
Authors: Wuster Arthur , Chang Diana , Behrens Timothy W , Bhangale Tushar R 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Motivation
We have developed geneAttribution, an R package that assigns candidate causal gene(s) to a risk variant identified by a genetic association study such as a GWAS. The method combines user-supplied functional annotation such as expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) or Hi-C genome conformation data and reports the most likely candidate genes. In the absence of annotation data, geneAttribution relies on the distances between the genes and the input variant.

Availability and Implementation
The package is freely available from http://www.bioconductor.org/. A quick-start vignette is included with the package.
Smoldyn: particle-based simulation with rule-based modeling, improved molecular interaction and a library interface
Authors: Andrews Steven S 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Motivation
Smoldyn is a spatial and stochastic biochemical simulator. It treats each molecule of interest as an individual particle in continuous space, simulating molecular diffusion, molecule-membrane interactions and chemical reactions, all with good accuracy. This article presents several new features.

Results
Smoldyn now supports two types of rule-based modeling. These are a wildcard method, which is very convenient, and the BioNetGen package with extensions for spatial simulation, which is better for complicated models. Smoldyn also includes new algorithms for simulating the diffusion of surface-bound molecules and molecules with excluded volume. Both are exact in the limit of short time steps and reasonably good with longer steps. In addition, Smoldyn supports single-molecule tracking simulations. Finally, the Smoldyn source code can be accessed through a C/C ++ language library interface.

Availability and Implementation
Smoldyn software, documentation, code, and examples are at http://www.smoldyn.org.
High Rates of Anal High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions in HIV-Infected Women Who Do Not Meet Screening Guidelines
Authors: Gaisa Michael , Ita-Nagy Fanny , Sigel Keith , Arens Yotam , Hennessy Mary Ann , Rodriguez-Caprio Gabriela , Mullen Michael , Aberg Judith A , Cespedes Michelle 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–infected women have a higher burden of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) and anal cancer (AC) compared with HIV-uninfected women. Guidelines for AC screening in this population are heterogeneous. Here we report outcomes and risk factors for anal HSIL following implementation of universal AC screening offered to all HIV-infected women.MethodsData from women who underwent AC screening with anal cytology from April 2009 to July 2014 were analyzed. Routine clinical data included anal and cervical cytology, demographic/behavioral data, and high-resolution anoscopy (HRA) results. We evaluated the association of cytology with HRA results, and predictors of HSIL pathology, and compared rates of HSIL pathology among women meeting screening guidelines to those who did not.ResultsSeven hundred forty-five HIV-infected women were screened with anal cytology. Thirty-nine percent had abnormal anal cytology on initial screen and 15% on secondary screen; 208 women underwent HRA following abnormal anal cytology. HSIL was found in 26% and 18% of anal biopsies following initial and secondary screening, respectively. One woman had AC. Cigarette smoking more than doubled HSIL risk. Among women who underwent AC screening despite not meeting existing guideline criteria, 21% and 10%, respectively, were found to have HSIL on biopsy. Neither meeting criteria for screening nor history of receptive anal sex was significantly associated with HSIL.ConclusionsAnal HSIL is common in HIV-infected women. Substantial numbers of HSIL would have been missed by strictly adhering to existing AC screening guidelines. These results support routine screening of all HIV-infected women regardless of human papillomavirus history or sexual practices.
Missing Fe: hydrogenated iron nanoparticles
Authors: Bilalbegović G. , Maksimović A. , Mohaček-Grošev V. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Although it was found that the FeH lines exist in the spectra of some stars, none of the spectral features in the interstellar medium (ISM) have been assigned to this molecule. We suggest that iron atoms interact with hydrogen and produce Fe-H nanoparticles which sometimes contain many H atoms. We calculate infrared spectra of hydrogenated iron nanoparticles using density functional theory methods and find broad, overlapping bands. Desorption of H2 could induce spinning of these small Fe-H dust grains. Some of hydrogenated iron nanoparticles possess magnetic and electric moments and should interact with electromagnetic fields in the ISM. FenHm nanoparticles could contribute to the polarization of the ISM and the anomalous microwave emission. We discuss the conditions required to form FeH and FenHm in the ISM.
Mask Ventilation during Induction of General Anesthesia
Authors: Sato Shin , Hasegawa Makoto , Okuyama Megumi , Okazaki Junko , Kitamura Yuji , Sato Yumi , Ishikawa Teruhiko , Sato Yasunori , Isono Shiroh 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
Depending on upper airway patency during anesthesia induction, tidal volume achieved by mask ventilation may vary. In 80 adult patients undergoing general anesthesia, the authors tested a hypothesis that tidal volume during mask ventilation is smaller in patients with sleep-disordered breathing priorly defined as apnea hypopnea index greater than 5 per hour.

Methods
One-hand mask ventilation with a constant ventilator setting (pressure-controlled ventilation) was started 20 s after injection of rocuronium and maintained for 1 min during anesthesia induction. Mask ventilation efficiency was assessed by the breath number needed to initially exceed 5 ml/kg ideal body weight of expiratory tidal volume (primary outcome) and tidal volumes (secondary outcomes) during initial 15 breaths (UMIN000012494).

Results
Tidal volume progressively increased by more than 70% in 1 min and did not differ between sleep-disordered breathing (n = 42) and non–sleep-disordered breathing (n = 38) patients. In post hoc subgroup analyses, the primary outcome breath number (mean [95% CI], 5.7 [4.1 to 7.3] vs. 1.7 [0.2 to 3.2] breath; P = 0.001) and mean tidal volume (6.5 [4.6 to 8.3] vs. 9.6 [7.7 to 11.4] ml/kg ideal body weight; P = 0.032) were significantly smaller in 20 sleep-disordered breathing patients with higher apnea hypopnea index (median [25th to 75th percentile]: 21.7 [17.6 to 31] per hour) than in 20 non–sleep disordered breathing subjects with lower apnea hypopnea index (1.0 [0.3 to 1.5] per hour). Obesity and occurrence of expiratory flow limitation during one-hand mask ventilation independently explained the reduction of efficiency of mask ventilation, while the use of two hands effectively normalized inefficient mask ventilation during one-hand mask ventilation.

Conclusions
One-hand mask ventilation is difficult in patients with obesity and severe sleep-disordered breathing particularly when expiratory flow limitation occurs during mask ventilation.
Agomelatine for the Treatment of Major Depressive Episodes in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Englisch Susanne , Jung Hanna Sophie , Lewien Antje , Becker Anna , Nowak Ulrike , Braun Hanna , Thiem Jascha , Eisenacher Sarah , Meyer-Lindenberg Andreas , Zink Mathias 
Published: November 2016

Background
Depressive episodes in schizophrenia constitute a major clinical problem, and treatment success is often limited by treatment-emergent side effects. Agomelatine, an agonist at melatonergic MT1/MT2 receptors and 5-HT2C receptor antagonist, is a new antidepressant with a novel mode of action which constitutes a potential therapeutic option for depression in schizophrenia.

Methods
Twenty-seven patients with lifetime diagnoses within the schizophrenia spectrum and comorbid depression were treated with agomelatine in addition to stable doses of antipsychotic agents. Severity of depression and other psychopathological domains (positive/negative symptoms, general psychopathology, psychosocial performance) was assessed regularly by means of standardized rating scales during a 6-week acute treatment phase as well as after a 6-week extension phase. Moreover, safety measures (electrocardiograms, laboratory counts, neurological and non-neurological side effects, sleep quality, sexual functioning) were monitored on a regular basis.

Results
Depressive symptoms improved significantly during the 6-week acute treatment phase. In parallel, a significant improvement of negative symptoms, global psychopathology, and psychosocial performance was observed, whereas positive symptoms remained stable. Agomelatine was mostly well tolerated with predominantly mild and self-limiting side effects. However, pharmacokinetic interactions with antipsychotic agents were observed. Interestingly, the quality of sleep did not improve significantly, pointing toward mechanisms that do not depend on resynchronization of circadian rhythms.

Conclusions
Agomelatine appears to be safe and efficacious in treating depressive symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The risk of pharmacokinetic interactions with antipsychotic agents warrants the need of therapeutic drug monitoring, and regular recording of vital signs seems necessary. Further randomized trials will have to confirm these findings.
A Comprehensive Approach to Pediatric Pneumonia: Relationship Between Standardization, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Clinical Testing, and Cost
Authors: Rutman Lori , Wright Davene R. , O'Callaghan James , Spencer Suzanne , Lion K. Casey , Kronman Matthew P. , Zhou Chuan , Mangione-Smith Rita 
Published: November 2016

Objective:
In September 2012, our institution implemented an emergency department (ED) and inpatient pathway for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) based on national guideline recommendations. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between standardizing ED and inpatient care for CAP and antimicrobial stewardship, clinical testing, and cost.

Methods:
We used descriptive statistics, statistical process control, and interrupted time series analysis to analyze measures 12 months before and after implementation.

Results:
Six hundred thirty-two patients were included. We found an immediate sustained increase in narrow-spectrum antibiotic (ampicillin) use from a baseline of 8–54%. There was a shift toward more guideline-recommended diagnostic testing with an increase in blood cultures and respiratory viral testing among admitted patients (35–63% and 52–84%, respectively). We identified no significant change in ED chest radiography use, mean ED length of stay (LOS), percentage of CAP admissions, or mean inpatient LOS. Costs of care for admitted patients and for patients discharged from the ED were unchanged.

Conclusions:
Standardizing care for ED and inpatient management of CAP led to immediate and sustained improvements in antimicrobial stewardship and guideline-recommended testing without significantly affecting costs.
Temporal Characteristics of Sodium Fluorescein in the Tear Meniscus
Authors: Markoulli Maria , Isa Nur Amalina M. D. , Papas Eric B. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To observe the emission intensity profile of sodium fluorescein in the human tear film as a function of time and concentration.

Methods
Twenty-two participants with no dry eye signs or symptoms were randomly allocated to receive 1 μL of either a 2 or 10% concentration of fluorescein to one eye. Images of the inferior tear meniscus were captured at regular intervals over 30 minutes and the process repeated for the other eye with the alternate concentration. Fluorescence intensity was quantified on the basis of the grayscale pixel values in the tear meniscus images. The fluorescein-decay profile over time and between concentrations was determined.

Results
Peak fluorescence intensity was reached in 3.9 ± 3.0 and 8.7 ± 4.4 minutes after instillation for the 2 and 10% concentrations, respectively. The 10% concentration of fluorescein maintained its peak fluorescence intensity longer than the 2% concentration (about 9 and 2 minutes, respectively). The peak fluorescence intensity was not significantly different between the higher and lower concentrations (44 ± 37 vs. 38 ± 32 units, P = .22). For both concentrations, the observed intensity did not return to baseline levels by the end of the 30-minute observation time.

Conclusions
The fluorescence intensity of fluorescein in a clinical setting varies with time such that both the onset and duration of maximum brightness are concentration dependent. At low concentration (2%), maximum brightness occurs almost immediately after instillation and lasts about 2 minutes. With a higher concentration (10%), the effective working window is delayed for about 7 to 8 minutes. Irrespective of initial concentration, observable fluorescence remains in the tear film beyond 30 minutes post-instillation.
Cognitive ability and physical health: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Hagenaars Saskia P , Gale Catharine R , Deary Ian J , Harris Sarah E 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCauses of the association between cognitive ability and health remain unknown, but may reflect a shared genetic aetiology. This study examines the causal genetic associations between cognitive ability and physical health. We carried out two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses using the inverse-variance weighted method to test for causality between later life cognitive ability, educational attainment (as a proxy for cognitive ability in youth), BMI, height, systolic blood pressure, coronary artery disease, and type 2 diabetes using data from six independent GWAS consortia and the UK Biobank sample (N = 112 151). BMI, systolic blood pressure, coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes showed negative associations with cognitive ability; height was positively associated with cognitive ability. The analyses provided no evidence for casual associations from health to cognitive ability. In the other direction, higher educational attainment predicted lower BMI, systolic blood pressure, coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes, and taller stature. The analyses indicated no causal association from educational attainment to physical health. The lack of evidence for causal associations between cognitive ability, educational attainment, and physical health could be explained by weak instrumental variables, poorly measured outcomes, or the small number of disease cases.
Equality and diversity in democracy: how can we democratize inclusively?
Authors: Martinez Palacios Jone 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a theoretical framework for democratize inclusively through participatory and deliberative apparatus.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper draws on literature from inclusion in deliberation, gender in participation and intersectionality to critically analyze the democratic deepening. By bringing into dialogue with one another “the norm of parity of participation” (Fraser, 2006), “communicative democracy” (Young, 1993) and the “matrix of domination” (Collins, 1990) a response to one of the questions that has been put to European and North American thought in democracy since the 1960s is proposed: how is it possible to democratize inclusively?

Findings
The reproduction of domination through apparatuses for the extension of democracy is both possible and probable. So, to democratize inclusively, it is necessary to bring the theories on vertical and horizontal inclusion into dialogue with each other. With the aim of establishing a dialogue between the two, it is necessary to export complex thought regarding oppression and inequality into the design of deliberative and participatory apparatuses. For that, consider that designing democratization processes based on the fact that the intersectional experience of oppression is not an exception but rather an everyday occurrence allows participatory procedures to be made more inclusive.

Practical implications
This paper proposes a tool designed with a focus on dialogue among the norm of parity of participation, communicative democracy and the matrix of oppression, based on 11 direct questions for the inclusive design of deliberative or participatory procedures. Facilitators, experts and social agents involved in deliberative or participatory processes will be able to use this question-based instrument in their work.

Originality/value
This paper has applied value because it offers a conceptual key to the design of and thought about participatory inclusive processes. The originality of this approach lies in its shift away from partial analyses of horizontal and vertical inclusion. It is of use both to facilitators of participatory processes and educators and researchers concerned with democratization. It offers an instrument for working on reflexivity with regard to inclusion in democratic extension, based on a series of key questions that can be used as a checklist. In comparison with other forms of considering inclusion in democracy, the proposal considered includes complex thought on oppression based on the critique of simple identity, as well as on an intersectional perspective.
“Digital buddies”: parasocial interactions in social media
Authors: Yuksel Mujde , Labrecque Lauren I. 
Published: November 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to focus its inquiries on the parasocial interactions (PSI) and relationships (PSR) consumers form with personae in online social media communities. The authors extend the marketing literature on parasocial interaction/relationship beyond brands by focusing on personal social media accounts (public student-athletes).Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopt a grounded theory methodology (Glaser and Strauss, 2009) triangulating observational netnographic data (Kozinets, 2010) of 49 public student-athlete accounts on Twitter (34,500 tweets) with in-depth interviews. The findings emphasize that PSI/PSR occur not only from interactions with brands but also through personal accounts on social media platforms.FindingsThe investigation reveals that through such social media platforms, PSI/PSR influence consumers cognitively, affectively and behaviorally. In terms of cognition, the data suggest that PSI/PSR can influence opinion, interests, attention allocation and construction of relations, specifically through the availability of in-depth knowledge about the social media persona. Additionally, the research findings indicate that affect-laden messages from persona can alter emotion and mood, induce empathetic reactions and trigger inspiration, especially in relation to the shared interest of the online community of the social media account. Behaviorally, the findings suggest that personas’ messages can direct and inspire both online and offline actions through endorsed behavioral parasocial interactions.Research limitations/implicationsThis research focused on one specific social media platform, Twitter. Twitter was specifically chosen, because it is a popular social media platform and allows non-reciprocal relationships. Although the authors feel that the findings would hold for other social media platforms, future research may be conducted to see if there are differences in PSI/PSR development on different types of networks. Additionally, the authors focused on a specific type of personal account, student-athletes. Future research may wish to extend beyond this population to other personal social media accounts, such as fashion bloggers, diy bloggers and others.Originality/valueThis research reveals that PSI/PSR can occur not only from interactions with brands but also through personal accounts on social media platforms. The findings give support for the value of brand spokespersons and brand ambassadors and suggest that brands should take careful consideration into who is chosen to represent the brand.