bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance of Met Office hourly cycling NWP‐based nowcasting for precipitation forecasts
Authors: Simonin David , Pierce Clive , Roberts Nigel , Ballard Susan P. , Li Zhihong 
Published: August 2017

The Met Office developed a prototype high‐resolution, hourly‐cycling NWP forecasting system using four‐dimensional variational data assimilation, covering the southern half of England. This system was known as the Met Office Nowcasting Demonstration Project (NDP), and ran in real time from June 2012 to March 2013 (covering the period of the London 2012 Olympics and Paralympic Games). It was principally developed to assess the abilities of a frequently updated NWP‐based nowcasting system to forecast precipitation at short range such as convective storms for flood forecasting.This article provides a comprehensive assessment of the precipitation forecast skill of the NDP and its comparison against the Met Office operational nowcasting system. It was found that the NWP‐based nowcasting system becomes more skilful than an advanced extrapolation‐based nowcasting system from T + 1.5 to T + 2 h depending on weather type.
Prominent enhancing effects of substituents on the strength of π···σ‐hole tetrel bond
Authors: Wei Yuan‐Xin , Li Hai‐Bei , Cheng Jian‐Bo , Li Wen‐Zuo , Li Qing‐Zhong 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe potential applications of tetrel bonds involving π‐molecules in crystal materials and biological systems have prompted a theoretical investigation of the strength of π···σ‐hole tetrel bond in the systems with acetylene and its derivatives of CH3, AuPH3, Li, and Na as well as benzene as the π electron donors. A weak tetrel bond (ΔE < 15 kJ/mol) is found between acetylene and tetrel donor molecule TH3F (T = C, Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb). All substituents strengthen the π tetrel bond, but the electron‐donating sodium atoms have the largest enhancing effect and the interaction energy is up to about 24 kJ/mol in C2Na2‐CH3F. The electron‐donating ability of the AuPH3fragment is intermediate between the methyl group and alkali metal atom. The origin of the stability of the π tetrel‐bonded complex is dependent on the nature of the tetrel donor and acceptor molecules and can be regulated by the substituents.
Combined plane wave and localized orbital electronic structure calculation: Adsorption energy of hydrogen on Pd(111)
Authors: Ishimoto Takayoshi , Kai Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo achieve the necessary accuracy when calculating the electronic structures of materials, for example, for surface or bulk models, we propose a combined plane wave (PW) and localized orbital (LO) electronic structure calculation approach. A high level theory calculation based on the LO approach can be used to describe chemical reactions and other electronic processes using a cluster model. Conversely, the electronic structure of a surface or bulk model is best calculated using a PW approach. In this study, we analyzed the potential energy surface of a hydrogen atom adsorption on a Pd(111) surface using our proposed combined PW and LO approach. We clearly demonstrate that the combined PW and LO approach is both effective and necessary to determine local surface phenomena. We expect that the proposed approach will be effective for a broad range of applications in the material science field.
Uterus transplantation: Toward clinical application in Japan
Authors: Suganuma Nobuhiko , Hayashi Ayako , Kisu Iori , Banno Kouji , Hara Hisako , Mihara Makoto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn recent years, uterus transplantation (UTx) has been applied as the treatment for patients with uterine factor infertility worldwide. Thus, the clinical application of UTx in Japan should be considered through both the history of UTx technology development in the world and future prospects.MethodsRecent information on UTx was collected via a literature survey and the Internet.ResultsBasic research using various animals has been done mainly since 2000. In 2014, the world's first UTx baby was born in Sweden. In total, 24 UTx procedures have been performed at 10 institutes in nine countries and five births were obtained (as of May, 2017). In Japan, the “Project Team for Uterus Transplantation” initiated UTx experiments in 2008 and the “Japan Society for Uterus Transplantation” was organized in March, 2014. In the rest of the world, the “International Society for Uterus Transplantation” was established in January, 2016.ConclusionUterus transplantation is still under development as a reproductive medicine tool and organ transplant procedure. A collaborative system that is not limited by facilities and specialties should strive to build an “all‐Japan” team.
Wonder as a tool to engage preservice elementary teachers in science learning and teaching
Authors: Gilbert Andrew , Byers Christie C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis exploratory project considers the use ofwonderas a pedagogical tool with preservice elementary teachers (PSETs). An ongoing vexation facing science teacher educators is helping future elementary teachers overcome anxiety and negative associations with science due to their own school science experiences, while simultaneously encouraging innovative and ambitious teaching practice. Utilizing wonder as a pedagogical tool for emotional and aesthetic engagement with science holds promise as an entry point to connect future teachers with meaningful science content and practice. The link between wonder and science is well‐articulated by successful scientists throughout history, and yet is rarely employed explicitly within elementary or teacher education science learning contexts. Forging a pedagogy of wonder demands connection to the emotive embodiment of science as a uniquely human process that nurtures our intense need to know. This qualitative case study is an effort to better understand if utilizing pedagogy intentionally focused on wonder could impact PSETs’ perceptions of science and scientific thinking. This paper describes the key findings that emerged while utilizing pedagogy steeped in wonder with PSETs, and the degree to which engaging with wonder impacted their perceptions of science and their future science teaching. This research supports the critical role that wonder could play in changing PSETs’ relationship with science and assisting them in the development of the pedagogical courage necessary to envision possibilities beyond their past experiences.
Lerner aktivierende Lernformen für Bauingenieure – Beispiele für den Einsatz digitaler Medien in der universitären Lehre
Authors: Rädel Felicitas , Lange Jörg 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFrau Univ.‐Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Ulrike Kuhlmann zur Vollendung ihres 60. Lebensjahres gewidmetDie Digitalisierung der (Hochschul‐)Lehre ist seit mehreren Jahren ein auf vielen Ebenen diskutiertes Thema. Es existieren sehr viele verschiedene Ansätze, die sich auch unterschiedlich stark auf den Lehrbetrieb auswirken. Gleichzeitig wird politisch eine immer stärkere Kompetenzorientierung der Studiengänge gefordert. Am Fachgebiet Stahlbau der TU Darmstadt kommen digitale Medien seit einigen Jahren auf unterschiedliche Weise zum Einsatz. Im folgenden Artikel werden mehrere Varianten vorgestellt. Basis all dieser Lehrkonzepte ist der Gedanke, die Lernenden im Rahmen der Lehrveranstaltung stärker zu aktivieren und dadurch zu einer besseren Lernleistung beizutragen.
Zum Sprödbruch alter Baustähle
Authors: Sieber Lars , Stroetmann Richard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFrau Univ.‐Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Ulrike Kuhlmann zur Vollendung ihres 60. Lebensjahres gewidmetBei der Beurteilung der Sicherheit bestehender Konstruktionen aus Flussstahl und der Entscheidung über notwendige Instandsetzungs‐ und Verstärkungsmaßnahmen ist der Nachweis ausreichender Werkstoffzähigkeit von wesentlicher Bedeutung. Die in DIN EN 1993‐1‐10 [1] geregelten Nachweise zur Beurteilung der Sprödbruchgefährdung wurden auf der Grundlage umfangreicher bruchmechanischer Untersuchungen entwickelt. Die Festlegung zulässiger Erzeugnisdicken für bestimmte Stahlsorten und Gütegruppen wurde für Schweißkonstruktionen aus Stählen nach DIN EN 10025 mit überwiegend hohen Zähigkeitswerten abgeleitet und in [1] tabelliert. Dieses vereinfachte Verfahren ist für alte Flussstahlkonstruktionen mit Lochschwächungen durch Niet‐ und Schraubenverbindungen nicht geeignet (vgl. [40]). In diesem Beitrag werden experimentelle und rechnerische Untersuchungen zum Sprödbruchverhalten gelochter Bauteile aus alten Flussstählen vorgestellt, die im Rahmen verschiedener Forschungsvorhaben am Institut für Stahl‐ und Holzbau der TU Dresden und dessen Kooperationspartnern durchgeführt wurden (z. B. [2]). Im Teil 2 werden mechanische und metallografische Untersuchungen im Bereich gestanzter Löcher und gescherter Bauteilkanten beschrieben, deren Ergebnisse für das Anrissverhalten quasi‐statisch beanspruchter Bauteile von Bedeutung sind. Nach einer kurzen Einführung in Grundlagen zum bruchmechanischen Nachweis werden analytische Modelle zur Bestimmung des Spannungsintensitätsfaktors KI an Rissen angegeben und auf die speziellen Belange von Anschlüssen mit Lasteinleitungen über Niete und Schrauben angepasst. Auf der Basis umfangreicher Parameterstudien durch FEM‐Berechnungen an Winkelprofilen mit unterschiedlichen Querschnitten und Anschlusskonfigurationen erfolgt eine Anpassung der K‐Faktor‐Lösungen. Es folgen Beispiele zur Bewertung der Sprödbruchgefährdung unter Ansatz der Werkstoffzähigkeit aus Teil 1 des Beitrags [40].
Entwurf der Talbrücke Rinsdorf
Authors: Hanswille Gerhard , Schubart Ralf 
Published: August 2017

AbstractFrau Univ.‐Prof. Dr.‐Ing. Ulrike Kuhlmann zur Vollendung ihres 60. Lebensjahres gewidmetIm Zuge der Erneuerung und des Ausbaus der A45 von Dortmund nach Frankfurt/M. werden eine Vielzahl von neuen Talbrücken in Verbundbauweise errichtet. Dabei sollen bevorzugt Kastenquerschnitte mit äußeren Längsträgern, die durch Diagonalen unterstützt werden, ausgeführt werden. Die Talbrücke Rinsdorf ist ein typisches Beispiel für diese Querschnittsform. Da die äußeren Diagonalen und insbesondere deren Anschlüsse sehr hohen ermüdungswirksamen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt werden, wurden für die Talbrücke Rinsdorf umfangreiche experimentelle Untersuchungen durchgeführt, auf deren Grundlage eine realistische Abschätzung der Lebensdauer erfolgen kann. Es wird über die Entwurfsbearbeitung und die durchgeführten experimentellen Untersuchungen zur Ermüdungsfestigkeit der Diagonalenanschlüsse berichtet.
Reprogramming Antagonizes the Oncogenicity of HOXA13-Long Noncoding RNA HOTTIP Axis in Gastric Cancer Cells
Authors: Wu Deng-Chyang , Wang Sophie S.W. , Liu Chung-Jung , Wuputra Kenly , Kato Kohsuke , Lee Yen-Liang , Lin Ying-Chu , Tsai Ming-Ho , Ku Chia-Chen , Lin Wen-Hsin , Wang Shin-Wei , Kishikawa Shotaro , Noguchi Michiya , Wu Chu-Chieh , Chen Yi-Ting , Chai Chee-Yin , Lin Chen-Lung Steve , Kuo Kung-Kai , Yang Ya-Han , Miyoshi Hiroyuki , Nakamura Yukio , Saito Shigeo , Nagata Kyosuke , Lin Chang-Shen , Yokoyama Kazunari K. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Reprogramming of cancer cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) is a compelling idea for inhibiting oncogenesis, especially through modulation of homeobox proteins in this reprogramming process. We examined the role of various long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)-homeobox protein HOXA13 axis on the switching of the oncogenic function of bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7), which is significantly lost in the gastric cancer cell derived iPS-like cells (iPSLCs). BMP7 promoter activation occurred through the corecruitment of HOXA13, mixed-lineage leukemia 1 lysine N-methyltransferase, WD repeat-containing protein 5, and lncRNA HoxA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) to commit the epigenetic changes to the trimethylation of lysine 4 on histone H3 in cancer cells. By contrast, HOXA13 inhibited BMP7 expression in iPSLCs via the corecruitment of HOXA13, enhancer of zeste homolog 2, Jumonji and AT rich interactive domain 2, and lncRNA HoxA transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) to various cis-element of the BMP7 promoter. Knockdown experiments demonstrated that HOTTIP contributed positively, but HOTAIR regulated negatively to HOXA13-mediated BMP7 expression in cancer cells and iPSLCs, respectively. These findings indicate that the recruitment of HOXA13–HOTTIP and HOXA13–HOTAIR to different sites in the BMP7 promoter is crucial for the oncogenic fate of human gastric cells. Reprogramming with octamer-binding protein 4 and Jun dimerization protein 2 can inhibit tumorigenesis by switching off BMP7.
Influence of gestational diabetes on fetal autonomic nervous system: a study using phase‐rectified signal‐averaging analysis
Authors: Lobmaier S. M. , Ortiz J. U. , Sewald M. , Müller A. , Schmidt G. , Haller B. , Oberhoffer R. , Schneider K. T. M. , Giussani D. A. , Wacker‐Gussmann A. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesMaternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is known to influence fetal physiology. Phase‐rectified signal averaging (PRSA) is an innovative signal‐processing technique that can be used to investigate fetal heart signals. The PRSA‐calculated variables average acceleration capacity (AAC) and average deceleration capacity (ADC) are established indices of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of GDM on the fetal cardiovascular and ANS function in human pregnancy using PRSA.MethodsThis was a prospective clinical case–control study of 58 mothers with diagnosed GDM and 58 gestational‐age matched healthy controls in the third trimester of pregnancy. Fetal cardiotocography (CTG) recordings were performed in all cases at entry to the study, and a follow‐up recording was performed in 19 GDM cases close to delivery. The AAC and ADC indices were calculated by the PRSA method and fetal heart rate short‐term variation (STV) by CTG software according to Dawes–Redman criteria.ResultsMean gestational age of both groups at study entry was 35.7 weeks. There was a significant difference in mean AAC (1.97 ± 0.33 bpm vs 2.42 ± 0.57 bpm; P < 0.001) and ADC (1.94 ± 0.32 bpm vs 2.28 ± 0.46 bpm; P < 0.001) between controls and fetuses of diabetic mothers. This difference could not be demonstrated using standard computerized fetal CTG analysis of STV (controls, 10.8 ± 3.0 ms vs GDM group, 11.3 ± 2.5 ms; P = 0.32). Longitudinal fetal heart rate measurements in a subgroup of women with diabetes were not significantly different from those at study entry.ConclusionsOur findings show increased ANS activity in fetuses of diabetic mothers in late gestation. Analysis of human fetal cardiovascular and ANS function by PRSA may offer improved surveillance over conventional techniques linking GDM pregnancy to future cardiovascular dysfunction in the offspring. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Postmortem examination of human fetuses: comparison of two‐dimensional ultrasound with invasive autopsy
Authors: Kang X. , Shelmerdine S. C. , Hurtado I. , Bevilacqua E. , Hutchinson C. , Mandalia U. , Segers V. , Cos Sanchez T. , Cannie M. M. , Carlin A. , Sebire N. J. , Arthurs O. J. , Jani J. C. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic accuracy of postmortem ultrasound performed by operators blinded to prenatal findings and to invasive autopsy results in fetuses at different gestational ages and to investigate the effect of various parameters on its diagnostic success.MethodsWe performed postmortem two‐dimensional ultrasound examination, blinded to clinical details, on 163 fetuses at 13–42 weeks' gestation. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the effect of: (i) gestational age at postmortem ultrasound, (ii) presence of maceration and (iii) mode of death, on whether the exam succeeded or failed to reach a diagnosis. In 123 cases in which invasive autopsy was available, the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in detecting major organ abnormalities was evaluated, using invasive autopsy as the gold standard.ResultsFor the fetal brain, postmortem ultrasound exam was non‐diagnostic in significantly more fetuses with maceration (39.5%; 17/43) vs those without maceration (20.0%; 24/120) (P = 0.013). For the fetal thorax, the exam was non‐diagnostic in 34.1% (15/44) of fetuses < 20 weeks of gestation and in 10.9% (13/119) of fetuses ≥ 20 weeks (P < 0.001). For the heart and abdominal organs, there was no association between non‐diagnostic postmortem ultrasound and the variables tested. For fetuses < 20 weeks, specificity of postmortem ultrasound examination was 83.3% for detection of anomalies of the brain, 68.6% for the thorax and 77.4% for the heart. For fetuses ≥ 20 weeks, sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 61.9% and 74.2% for detection of anomalies of the brain, 29.5% and 87.0% for the thorax and 65.0% and 83.1% for the heart. For the fetal abdominal organs, sensitivity was 60.7% and specificity 75.8%, and postmortem ultrasound was particularly useful for detection of abnormalities of the kidneys, irrespective of gestational age.ConclusionAlthough maceration may lead to failure of postmortem ultrasound examination in some cases, this technique achieves diagnostically acceptable levels of accuracy for fetal brain and abdominal organs, compared with conventional autopsy. It may therefore play a role as a first‐line examination before other virtual autopsy techniques are indicated. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Analytical similarity assessment
Authors: Chow Shein‐Chung , Song Fuyu 
Published: August 2017

For regulatory review and approval of biosimilar products, the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended a stepwise approach for demonstrating biosimilarity between a proposed biosimilar product and an innovative (reference) biological product (e.g., an US‐licensed product).1–3 The stepwise approach is to provide totality‐of‐the‐evidence for demonstrating biosimilarity between the proposed biosimilar product and the reference product. The stepwise approach starts with analytical studies for functional and structural characterization of critical quality attributes (CQAs) at various stages of manufacturing process. For the assessment of analytical similarity of CQAs, FDA suggests, first, identifying the CQAs that are relevant to clinical outcomes, and then classifying the identified CQAs into several tiers depending upon their criticality or risk ranking. FDA also suggests different methods be used to assess similarity for CQAs from different tiers. For example, equivalence test for CQAs from Tier 1, quality range approach for CQAs from Tier 2, and descriptive raw data and graphical comparison for CQAs from Tier 3. In this article, controversial issues regarding the FDA’s recommended approaches are discussed followed by alternative methods for assessment of similarity for CQAs from Tier 1. WIREs Comput Stat 2017, 9:e1407. doi: 10.1002/wics.1407This article is categorized under:

Applications of Computational Statistics > Clinical Trials
Utilization of Gastric Conduit in the Management of Combined Corrosive Esophageal and Stomach Stricture
Authors: Varshney Vaibhav Kumar , Saluja Sundeep Singh , Mishra Pramod Kumar , Sisodia Kshitij , Sachan Ashish , Sheetal Pushp 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundCorrosive stricture of esophagus may be associated with variable involvement of stomach. We analyzed the outcome of gastric conduit used in the management of corrosive esophageal stricture with concomitant antro‐pyloric stricture.Study designAmong 101 esophageal replacements performed, 53 patients had combined esophagus and stomach strictures. Colon was used as a conduit in 43 patients, while stomach was used in ten patients. Indications, perioperative complications and early/late outcomes of patients with gastric pull‐up were reviewed and compared with those undergone colon pull‐up.ResultsThe indications of using gastric conduit were impromptu in four patients [colonic conduit ischemia (n = 2) and an oversight of antro‐pyloric stricture after forming the gastric conduit (n = 2)]. Six patients had preconceived gastric conduit (distal antro‐pyloric stricture with distended stomach). The median age was 29 years (range 16–50), and median BMI was 15.4 kg/m2 (range 14.5–20.1). The stomach was drained using loop gastrojejunostomy (n = 7) or Roux‐en‐Y gastrojejunostomy (n = 3). One patient died due to sepsis secondary to anastomotic leak. Median hospital stay was 9 days (range 7–22). At median follow‐up of 25 months (range 14–80), the remaining nine patients are able to have solid diet and have gained weight. The level of esophageal stricture was low (p = 0.01), and duration of surgery (p = 0.02) and median hospital stay (p = 0.04) were significantly less in patients with gastric conduit plus drainage as compared to patients undergone colonic pull‐up.ConclusionGastric conduit in a subject with distal antro‐pyloric stricture can be used safely along with gastrojejunostomy in selected patients of corrosive esophageal stricture.
Validation of an Electronic Surgical Outcomes Database at Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital, Uganda
Authors: Anderson Geoffrey A. , Ilcisin Lenka , Ngonzi Joseph , Ttendo Stephen , Twesigye Deus , Benitez Noralis Portal , Firth Paul , Nehra Deepika 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundAccurate, complete and sustainable methods of tracking patients and outcomes in low‐resource settings are imperative as we launch efforts to improve surgical care globally. The Surgical services QUality Assessment Database (SQUAD) at the Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital in Uganda is one of very few electronic surgical databases in a low‐resource setting. We evaluated the completeness and accuracy of SQUAD.MethodsData were prospectively collected on 20 of the most clinically relevant variables captured by SQUAD for all general surgery patients admitted to MRRH over a two‐week period. Patients were followed until discharge, death or hospital day 30; whichever occurred first. These data were compared to that in SQUAD for the same time period for completeness and accuracy.ResultsOf 186 unique patients seen over the two‐week period, 172 (92.5%) were captured by SQUAD. The capture rate was greater than 86% for each of the 20 variables evaluated, except American Society of Anesthesiologists score, which had a 69% capture rate. Regarding accuracy, there was almost perfect agreement for 16/20 variables (all k > 0.81), substantial agreement for 2/20 variables (k 0.63, 0.73) and moderate agreement for the remaining 2/20 variables (k 0.43, 0.48) between SQUAD and the prospectively collected data.ConclusionSQUAD is an electronic surgical database that has been implemented and sustained in a low‐resource setting. For the 20 variables evaluated, the data within SQUAD are highly complete and accurate. This database may serve as a model for the development of additional surgical databases in low‐resource environments.