bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Inanspruchnahme medizinischer Rehabilitationsleistungen in Deutschland im Vergleich verschiedener Survey- und Routinedatenquellen
Authors: Nowossadeck E. , Pohlner S. , Kamtsiuris P. 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Infolge der demografischen Alterung treten altersassoziierte Krankheiten häufiger auf, sodass der Bedarf an Rehabilitationsleistungen wächst. Rehabilitation wird in Deutschland von mehreren Leistungsträgern erbracht. Da keine einheitliche Rehabilitationsstatistik existiert, ist die Datenlage trägerübergreifend uneinheitlich und lückenhaft. Der Beitrag untersucht die Inanspruchnahme von Rehabilitationsleistungen in Deutschland. Dazu werden Daten eines großen bevölkerungsrepräsentativen Gesundheitssurveys herangezogen, die Ergebnisse auf Bevölkerungsebene hochgerechnet sowie mit Routinedaten vergleichend analysiert.
Methode: Surveydaten wurden der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1) des Robert Koch-Instituts mit 7 988 Teilnehmern entnommen und die ermittelten Inanspruchnahmequoten auf Bevölkerungsebene hochgerechnet. Als Routinedaten wurden die Krankenhausstatistik für stationäre Vorsorge- und Rehabilitationseinrichtungen des Statistischen Bundesamts sowie die publizierten Statistiken der verschiedenen Leistungsträger herangezogen. Zur Ermittlung der Gesamtzahl von Rehabilitationsfällen wurden die in den Routinedaten jeweils fehlenden Teilpopulationen geschätzt.
Ergebnisse: Die Ergebnisse der verschiedenen Datenquellen zur Inanspruchnahme kommen zu vergleichbaren Ergebnissen. Danach gab es 2010 etwa 2,2 Mio. Rehabilitationsfälle in Deutschland, von denen etwas mehr als 10% ambulant waren. Analysen der Routinedaten anhand von Strukturmerkmalen wie Alter oder Diagnosen sind zwar formal möglich, aufgrund der jeweils fehlenden Teilpopulationen und des damit verbundenen nichtzufälligen Bias jedoch nicht empfehlenswert.
Schlussfolgerungen: Ohne detaillierte Altersdaten und deren Entwicklungstrends können die Herausforderungen des demografischen Wandels und des Wandels des Krankheitsspektrums nicht ausreichend beschrieben werden. Das Fehlen von diagnosebezogenen Daten verhindert Aussagen über die Bedarfsgerechtigkeit der rehabilitativen Versorgung.
Attribute Non-Attendance in Discrete-Choice-Experimenten
Authors: Bölter Laura , Sadler Andrew , Mühlbacher Axel 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Ziel/Hintergrund Bei der Präferenzmessung mit Discrete-Choice-Experimenten (DCE) wird implizit angenommen, dass die Befragten alle gegebenen Informationen bei der Entscheidungsfindung berücksichtigen. Studien zeigten jedoch, dass in komplexen Befragungssituationen Verarbeitungsstrategien wie Attribute Non-Attendance (ANA) genutzt werden, um Wahlentscheidungen zu vereinfachen. Dies führt zu unvollständigen Trade-offs. Ziel der Studie war es, die Bedeutung von ANA in Präferenzmessmethoden, speziell DCEs, zu untersuchen und ANA-Strategien zu identifizieren.
Methodik Ausmaß und Folgen von ANA-Strategien in DCEs wurden aus der Literatur zusammengetragen. Der Schwerpunkt lag auf der Identifikation von ANA mit qualitativen und quantitativen Methoden, den Arten von ANA-Strategien, der Berücksichtigung von ANA bei der Auswertung und der Prävention von ANA in DCE-Studien.
Ergebnisse Durch die Berücksichtigung von ANA in der Ergebnisanalyse kann eine Verbesserung der Gütekriterien des statistischen Analysemodells erreicht werden. Den stärksten Einfluss hatte ANA auf die Berechnung der Zahlungsbereitschaft (WTP). In Studien wurden hohe Anteile von Befragten identifiziert, die das Kostenattribut ignorierten.
Fazit Die Nichtberücksichtigung von Verarbeitungsstrategien in DCEs kann zu verzerrten Ergebnissen und falschen gesundheitspolitischen Entscheidungen führen. Besondere Berücksichtigung von ANA in der Analyse erscheint dann erforderlich, wenn die WTP ermittelt werden soll.
Protein aggregation as a cellular response to oxidative stress induced by heme and iron
Authors: Vasconcellos Luiz R. C. , Dutra Fabianno F. , Siqueira Mariana S. , Paula-Neto Heitor A. , Dahan Jennifer , Kiarely Ellen , Carneiro Leticia A. M. , Bozza Marcelo T. , Travassos Leonardo H. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Hemolytic diseases include a variety of conditions with diverse etiologies in which red blood cells are destroyed and large amounts of hemeproteins are released. Heme has been described as a potent proinflammatory molecule that is able to induce multiple innate immune responses. The mechanisms by which eukaryotic cells respond to the toxic effects induced by heme to maintain homeostasis are not fully understood, however. Here we describe a previously uncharacterized cellular response induced by heme: the formation of p62/SQTM1 aggregates containing ubiquitinated proteins in structures known as aggresome-like induced structures (ALIS). This action is part of a response driven by the transcription factor NRF2 to the excessive generation of reactive oxygen species induced by heme.
Hydrogel films and coatings by swelling-induced gelation
Authors: Moreau David , Chauvet Caroline , Etienne François , Rannou François P. , Corté Laurent 
Published: November 2016

Significance
This work reports a processing route to fabricate hydrogel films through their rapid and spontaneous growth in aqueous solutions. This approach exploits the strong solvent depletion created at the surface of a polymer substrate swelling in a polymer solution. By immersing substrates that swell in associative polymer solutions, we showed that this local suction effect induces the gelation and growth of hydrogel films. Experiments and a simple model captured how the kinetics of this process can be deliberately controlled by handy processing parameters. Other solutes can be easily incorporated in the so-formed hydrogel films to provide other functionalities. We demonstrated this potential by coating complex shapes with bioceramic particles and by encapsulating mammalian cells in freestanding membranes.
CellSort: a support vector machine tool for optimizing fluorescence-activated cell sorting and reducing experimental effort
Authors: Yu Jessica S , Pertusi Dante A , Adeniran Adebola V , Tyo Keith E J 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Motivation
High throughput screening by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS) is a common task in protein engineering and directed evolution. It can also be a rate-limiting step if high false positive or negative rates necessitate multiple rounds of enrichment. Current FACS software requires the user to define sorting gates by intuition and is practically limited to two dimensions. In cases when multiple rounds of enrichment are required, the software cannot forecast the enrichment effort required.

Results
We have developed CellSort, a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm that identifies optimal sorting gates based on machine learning using positive and negative control populations. CellSort can take advantage of more than two dimensions to enhance the ability to distinguish between populations. We also present a Bayesian approach to predict the number of sorting rounds required to enrich a population from a given library size. This Bayesian approach allowed us to determine strategies for biasing the sorting gates in order to reduce the required number of enrichment rounds. This algorithm should be generally useful for improve sorting outcomes and reducing effort when using FACS.

Availability and Implementation
Source code available at http://tyolab.northwestern.edu/tools/.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Dirac spin-gapless semiconductors: promising platforms for massless and dissipationless spintronics and new (quantum) anomalous spin Hall effects
Authors: Wang Xiao-Lin 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
It is proposed that the new generation of spintronics should be ideally massless and dissipationless for the realization of ultra-fast and ultra-low-power spintronic devices. We demonstrate that the spin-gapless materials with linear energy dispersion are unique materials that can realize these massless and dissipationless states. Furthermore, we propose four new types of spin Hall effects that consist of spin accumulation of equal numbers of electrons and holes having the same or opposite spin polarization at the sample edge in Hall effect measurements, but with vanishing Hall voltage. These new Hall effects can be classified as (quantum) anomalous spin Hall effects. The physics for massless and dissipationless spintronics and the new spin Hall effects are presented for spin-gapless semiconductors with either linear or parabolic dispersion. New possible candidates for Dirac-type or parabolic-type spin-gapless semiconductors are proposed in ferromagnetic monolayers of simple oxides with either honeycomb or square lattices.
Readmission and Prolapse Recurrence After Abdominal and Vaginal Apical Suspensions in Older Women
Authors: Sanses Tatiana V. D. , Hanley Jan M. , Zhang Peter , Richter Holly E. , Gambert Steven R. , Saigal Chris S. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
Our objective was to evaluate 30-day readmission, 12-month prolapse recurrence, and complications after apical surgeries in older women.

METHODS:
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 2002–2011 Medicare data in women 65 years or older who underwent abdominal sacrocolpopexy with synthetic mesh, vaginal uterosacral, or sacrospinous colpopexy with 12 months follow-up. Vaginal mesh procedures were excluded. The primary outcome was 30-day inpatient readmission. Secondary outcomes were complications and prolapse recurrence, defined as either reoperation or pessary insertion. We used Pearson χ2, Fisher exact tests, and analyses of variance to examine difference between surgical treatment groups. Odds ratios (ORs) utilizing Charlson Comorbidity Index, age, race, and procedure type were calculated to assess the differences in the outcomes probability.

RESULTS:
Of 3,015 women, 863 underwent abdominal sacrocolpopexy, 510—uterosacral and 1,642—sacrospinous ligament suspensions. The 30-day readmission was 7.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 5.7–9.2%; OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7–3.5, P<.01) after abdominal sacrocolpopexy and 4.5% (95% CI 2.7–6.3%; OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.8–2.1, P=.3) after uterosacral compared with 3.5% (95% CI 2.6–4.4% P<.01) after sacrospinous ligament suspensions. Prolapse recurrence did not differ between the groups (8.2%, 95% CI 6.4–10.1%; 10.6%, 95% CI 7.9–13.3%; and 9.9%, 95% CI 8.4–11.3%, P=.3, respectively). Women had 30-day gastrointestinal complications (6.1%, 95% CI 4.5–7.7%; 1.2%, 95% CI 0.2–2.1%; and 1.1%, 95% CI 0.6–1.6%, P<.01), surgical site infections (5.9%, 95% CI 4.3–7.5%; 3.1%, 95% CI 1.6–4.7%; and 3.7%, 95% CI 2.8–4.6%, P=.01), genitourinary complications (10.9%, 95% CI 8.8–13%; 17.7%, 95% CI 14.3–21%; and 13.6%, 95% CI 12–15.3%, P<.01), and medical complications (7.4%, 95% CI 5.7–9.2%; 7.8%, 95% CI 5.5–10.2%; and 4.4%, 95% CI 3.4–5.4%, P<.01; all after abdominal sacrocolpopexy, uterosacral, and sacrospinous ligament suspensions, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
Vaginal apical suspensions compared with abdominal sacrocolpopexy with synthetic mesh are associated with lower rates of postoperative 30-day readmission without an increase in prolapse recurrence among older women.
Oregon's Hard-Stop Policy Limiting Elective Early-Term Deliveries
Authors: Snowden Jonathan M. , Muoto Ifeoma , Darney Blair G. , Quigley Brian , Tomlinson Mark W. , Neilson Duncan , Friedman Steven A. , Rogovoy Joanne , Caughey Aaron B. 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the association of Oregon's hard-stop policy limiting early elective deliveries (before 39 weeks of gestation) and the rate of elective early-term inductions and cesarean deliveries and associated maternal–neonatal outcomes.

METHODS:
This was a population-based retrospective cohort study of Oregon births between 2008 and 2013 using vital statistics data and multivariable logistic regression models. Our exposure was the Oregon hard-stop policy, defined as the time periods prepolicy (2008–2010) and postpolicy (2012–2013). We included all term or postterm, cephalic, nonanomalous, singleton deliveries (N=181,034 births). Our primary outcomes were induction of labor and cesarean delivery at 37 or 38 weeks of gestation without a documented indication on the birth certificate (ie, elective early term delivery). Secondary outcomes included neonatal intensive care unit admission, stillbirth, macrosomia, chorioamnionitis, and neonatal death.

RESULTS:
The rate of elective inductions before 39 weeks of gestation declined from 4.0% in the prepolicy period to 2.5% during the postpolicy period (P<.001); a similar decline was observed for elective early-term cesarean deliveries (from 3.4% to 2.1%; P<.001). There was no change in neonatal intensive care unit admission, stillbirth, or assisted ventilation prepolicy and postpolicy, but chorioamnionitis did increase (from 1.2% to 2.2%, P<.001; adjusted odds ratio 1.94, 95% confidence interval 1.80–2.09).

CONCLUSIONS:
Oregon's statewide policy to limit elective early-term delivery was associated with a reduction in elective early-term deliveries, but no improvement in maternal or neonatal outcomes.
Circulating Cell-Free DNA to Determine the Fetal RHD Status in All Three Trimesters of Pregnancy
Authors: Moise Kenneth J. , Gandhi Manisha , Boring Noemi H. , O'Shaughnessy Richard , Simpson Lynn L. , Wolfe Honor M. , Baxter Jason K. , Polzin William , Eddleman Keith A. , Hassan Sonia S. , Skupski Daniel W. , Ryan Greg , Walker Martin , Lam Garrett , Brown Richard , Skoll M. Amanda , Robinson Christopher , Sheikh Asad , Bronsteen Richard , Plante Lauren A. , McLennan Graham , Chikova Anna , Paladino Toni 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To estimate the accuracy of a new assay to determine the fetal RHD status using circulating cell-free DNA.

METHODS:
This was a prospective, observational study. Maternal blood samples were collected in each trimester of pregnancy in 520 nonalloimmunized RhD-negative patients. Plasma samples were analyzed for circulating cell-free DNA using the SensiGENE RHD test, which used primers for exons 4 and 7 as previously described and incorporated a new primer design for exon 5 of the RHD gene. Neonatal serology for RhD typing using cord blood at birth was undertaken and results were stored in a separate clinical database. After unblinding the data, results of the DNA analysis were compared with the neonatal serology.

RESULTS:
Inconclusive results secondary to the presence of the RHD pseudogene or an RHD variant were noted in 5.6%, 5.7%, and 6.1% of the first-, second-, and third-trimester samples, respectively. The incidence of false-positive rates for RhD (an RhD-negative fetus with an RHD-positive result) was 1.54% (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42–5.44%), 1.53% (CI 0.42–5.40%), and 0.82% (CI 0.04–4.50%), respectively. There was only one false-negative diagnosis (an RhD-positive fetus with an RHD-negative result), which occurred in the first trimester (0.32%; 95% CI 0.08–1.78%). Genotyping for mismatches across repeated samples revealed that this error was related to mislabeling of samples from two patients collected on the same day at one of the collection sites. Overall test results were in agreement across all three trimesters (P>.99).

CONCLUSION:
Circulating cell-free DNA can accurately predict the fetal RhD status in all three trimesters of pregnancy.
Blood Loss as a Function of Body Surface Area
Authors: Burtch Radha , Scott Chantal , Zimmerman Lindsay , Patel Ashlesha 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To identify average blood loss in vaginal and cesarean deliveries in a cohort of women based on body surface area and compare this with the standard definitions.

METHODS:
In this descriptive study, we analyzed data from 459 deliveries. We identified the median estimated blood loss across the sample. Using body surface area, we calculated the total blood volume for each woman and represented estimated blood loss as a percentage of total blood volume. For each quintile of body surface area, we determined the median estimated blood loss at delivery, the median total blood volume, and the volumes of blood loss that represent 5%, 10% and 15% of total blood volume, respectively.

RESULTS:
A total of 459 women met inclusion criteria. Median body surface area was 1.9 m2 and median total blood volume was 5,046 mL. Median estimated blood loss was 300 mL and represented 5.9% of total blood volume. For each body surface area quintile, median estimated blood loss and percent total blood volume were: quintile 1, 250 mL, 5.7% total blood volume; quintile 2, 400 mL, 8.5% total blood volume; quintile 3, 300 mL, 5.9% total blood volume, quintile 4, 300 mL, 5.6% total blood volume, and quintile 5, 400 mL, 6.7% total blood volume.

CONCLUSION:
Redefining obstetric blood loss as a percentage of total blood volume rather than one universal value may help appropriate targeting of interventions.
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes After Treatment for Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Authors: Bjørge Tone , Skare Gry B. , Bjørge Line , Tropé Ameli , Lönnberg Stefan 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE:To explore associations between specific treatments for intraepithelial or early invasive cervical lesions and adverse pregnancy outcomes.METHODS:We conducted a population-based cohort study in which treatment data from the Cancer Registry of Norway were linked to the Medical Birth Registry of Norway to identify adverse pregnancy outcomes. All women (n=545,243) with singleton births (N=943,321) in Norway during 1998–2014 were included; 9,554 of births were in women treated before delivery. Hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were derived from Cox regression models.RESULTS:There was a significant association between preterm birth and previous treatment of cervical lesions overall (9.7 compared with 5.3%; HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.7–2.0). The strongest associations were seen for cold knife (13 compared with 5.3%; HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3–5.3) and laser conization (12 compared with 5.3%; HR 2.3, 95% CI 2.0–2.5). The association was stronger for preterm birth at earlier gestational ages and increased with amount of tissue excised. Furthermore, the association weakened with calendar year of treatment. There was also an association with increased risks of spontaneous abortion (0.5 compared with 0.2%; HR 2.5, 95% CI 1.7–3.7), and the strongest associations were seen for laser conization (0.6 compared with 0.2%; HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.8–5.3) and a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) (0.4 compared with 0.2%; HR 2.3, 95% CI 1.3–4.0).CONCLUSION:Treatment with major excisional procedures, including LEEP, was associated with increased risks of preterm birth and spontaneous abortion. The risk of preterm birth was highest at early gestational ages and for those with the largest amount of tissue excised. Women should be informed about their future risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly preterm birth, after excisional treatment for cervical lesions.
The Use of a Transolecranon Pin in the Treatment of Pediatric Flexion-type Supracondylar Humerus Fractures
Authors: Green Brandon M. , Stone Joseph D. , Bruce Robert W. , Fletcher Nicholas D. 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Flexion-type supracondylar humerus fractures are much more uncommon than their extension-type counterparts. Instability in elbow flexion renders traditional closed techniques inadequate and often results in the need for open reduction. We present a simple technique for closed reduction using a transolecranon pin for temporary stability.

Methods:
A retrospective review of 9 patients treated with a transolecranon pin technique for a flexion-type supracondylar humerus fracture was performed. Operative time, need for open reduction, postoperative range of motion, final radiographic alignment using Baumann angle, and the intersection of the anterior humeral line with the capitellum was evaluated.

Results:
All 9 patients were treated with closed reduction using a temporary transolecranon pin technique. Total surgical time averaged 38±15 minutes and was longer for type III than type II flexion-type fractures. All fractures healed by first follow-up at 1 month. There was 1 preoperative ulnar nerve deficit that resolved by the first postoperative visit. Average Baumann angle at radiographic healing was 71.2±3.3 degrees and all cases showed restoration of the normal anterior humeral line:capitellar relationship. Average postoperative flexion at final follow-up was 125 degrees and extension was 5 degrees. One patient had a flexion contracture of 10 degrees.

Discussion:
Use of a temporary transolecranon pin allowed for closed reduction of all flexion-type fractures with no radiographic malunion. This technique is technically simple and avoids the need for open reduction or multiple fluoroscopy views.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV—case series.
Intermediate to Long-term Results of Femoral Neck Lengthening (Morscher Osteotomy)
Authors: Eidelman Mark , Keshet Doron , Nelson Scott , Bor Noam 
Published: November 2016

Background:
Femoral neck lengthening and transfer of the greater trochanter were introduced by Morscher as treatment for patients with coxa breva and overgrowth of the greater trochanter. In this study we evaluated intermediate and long-term results of this operation.

Methods:
We reviewed clinical and radiographic results of 18 patients (20 hips) who were treated by Morscher osteotomy. Ten patients had Perthes disease, 4 had developmental dysplasia of the hip, and 4 had avascular necrosis of the hip. The median age at surgery was 16 years [interquartile range (IQR): 14 to 17.5]. The median follow-up period was 7 years (IQR: 4.5 to 10). All patients were evaluated clinically by means of Harris Hip Score (HHS) before and after surgery.

Results:
Preoperative clinical examination revealed that all patients had a limp and a positive Trendelenburg test. Median HHS was 72.5 (IQR: 69 to 83). Postoperatively, the Trendelenburg test was negative in 14 hips and positive in 6 hips. Postoperative median HHS was 94.5 (IQR: 89 to 96). Radiographic examination showed progression of osteoarthritis in 3 patients. One operation failed and was converted to total arthroplasty (total hip replacement) after 4 years. Two hips required total hip replacement 10 years after the operation. Leg length discrepancy was reduced in 17/20 hips. Overall patient satisfaction level was good-excellent in 12 patients, fair in 4, and bad in 2 patients. Postoperative complications included blade migration (1 patient (and wire breakage (2 patients).

Conclusions:
Morscher osteotomy can be effective for the treatment of patients with short femoral neck and overgrowth of the greater trochanter with a positive Trendelenburg test and mild leg length discrepancy. A congruent nonarthritic hip joint is a prerequisite for the success of the operation.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.