bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Asymmetrically Coordinated Cu Dual‐Atom‐Sites Enables Selective CO2 Electroreduction to Ethanol
Authors: Chen Changli , Sun Zhiyi , Qin Gangzhi , Wang Bingchao , Liu Minggang , Liang Qingru , Li Xinyu , Pang Runzhuo , Guo Yingshu , Li Yujing , Chen Wenxing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) to value‐added liquid fuels is a highly attractive solution for carbon‐neutral recycling, especially for C2+ products. However, the selectivity control to preferable products is a great challenge due to the complex multi‐electron proton transfer process. In this work, a series of Cu atomic dispersed catalysts are synthesized by regulating the coordination structures to optimize the CO2RR selectivity. Cu2‐SNC catalyst with a uniquely asymmetrical coordinated CuN2‐CuNS site shows high ethanol selective with the FE of 62.6% at −0.8 V versus RHE and 60.2% at 0.9 V versus RHE in H‐Cell and Flow‐Cell test, respectively. Besides, the nest‐like structure of Cu2‐SNC is beneficial to the mass transfer process and the selection of catalytic products. In situ experiments and theory calculations reveal the reaction mechanisms of such high selectivity of ethanol. The S atoms weaken the bonding ability of the adjacent Cu to the carbon atom, which accelerates the selection from *CHCOH to generate *CHCHOH, resulting in the high selectivity of ethanol. This work indicates a promising strategy in the rational design of asymmetrically coordinated single, dual, or tri‐atom catalysts and provides a candidate material for CO2RR to produce ethanol.
Digital Fingerprinting of Complex Liquids Using a Reconfigurable Multi‐Sensor System with Foundation Models
Authors: Gabrieli Gianmarco , Manica Matteo , Cadow‐Gossweiler Joris , Ruch Patrick W. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCombining chemical sensor arrays with machine learning enables designing intelligent systems to perform complex sensing tasks and unveil properties that are not directly accessible through conventional analytical chemistry. However, personalized and portable sensor systems are typically unsuitable for the generation of extensive data sets, thereby limiting the ability to train large models in the chemical sensing realm. Foundation models have demonstrated unprecedented zero‐shot learning capabilities on various data structures and modalities, in particular for language and vision. Transfer learning from such models is explored by providing a framework to create effective data representations for chemical sensors and ultimately describe a novel, generalizable approach for AI‐assisted chemical sensing. The translation of signals produced by remarkably simple and portable multi‐sensor systems into visual fingerprints of liquid samples under test is demonstrated, and it is illustrated that how a pipeline incorporating pretrained vision models yields average classification accuracy in four unrelated chemical sensing tasks with limited domain‐specific training measurements. This approach matches or outperforms expert‐curated sensor signal features, thereby providing a generalization of data processing for ultimate ease‐of‐use and broad applicability to enable interpretation of multi‐signal outputs for generic sensing applications.
Red Quasars: Estimation of SMBH Spin, Mass, and Accretion Disk Inclination Angle
Authors: Piotrovich M. Yu. , Buliga S. D. , Natsvlishvili T. M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe estimated values of spin, mass, and inclination angle for sample of 42 red quasars. Our estimations show that two objects: F2MS J1113+1244 and F2MS J1434+0935 with the highest Eddington ratios may have geometrically thick disk. Six objects: SDSS J0036‐0113, S82X 0040+0058, S82X 0118+0018, S82X 0303‐0115, FBQS J1227+3214, S82X 2328‐0028 may have “retrograde” rotation. Analysis of estimated spin values shows that red quasar population may contain Seyfert galaxies and NLS1.
Simulation of Interaction Between Proton‐Electron Plasma Beam and Arched Magnetic Field
Authors: Wang Fang‐Ping , Zhang Xiao‐Jing , Duan Wen‐Shan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe present study investigates the interaction between a proton‐electron plasma beam and an arched magnetic trap using the particle‐in‐cell (PIC) simulation method. The results show that when the magnetic field is sufficiently weak, the beam disrupts the arched magnetic field configuration, causing the breaking and reconnection of magnetic field lines. The relationships between the coil current threshold (the coil current at which the disruption of the magnetic induction just happens) and initial plasma velocity, and between the critical beam velocity (the plasma is just enough to reach the arched magnetic field) and coil current, are quantified. Additionally, the interaction between the beam and the arched magnetic field is observed to induce microwave excitation. These findings lay the foundation for theoretically simulating the dynamic behavior of space plasma in a unique magnetic field environment within a laboratory setting.
The ladder of disproportionate policy
Authors: Maor Moshe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDisproportionate policy responses—policy over‐ and underreaction—are ubiquitous in policy affairs, yet detecting their full spectrum remains uncharted territory. To this end, I developed a descriptive‐analytical framework centering on a novel conceptual tool, the Ladder of Disproportionate Policy, based on assessing the gap between the scope of the audience that the policy ostensibly serves and the degree of policy (mis)fit, that is, how the policy tools are set and adjusted to serve the actual audience. This scale assumes that policymakers can “game” these two policy dimensions before and during policy implementation. Political executives can climb up and down this conceptual Ladder and ascend or descend one dimension independently of the other in addition to moving from one side to the other. The case of the 2021 food voucher policy in Israel illustrates the feasibility of the Ladder.
Testicular large B‐cell lymphoma is genetically similar to PCNSL and distinct from nodal DLBCL
Authors: Rivas‐Delgado Alfredo , López Cristina , Clot Guillem , Nadeu Ferran , Grau Marta , Frigola Gerard , Bosch‐Schips Jan , Radke Josefine , Ishaque Naveed , Alcoceba Miguel , Tapia Gustavo , Luizaga Luis , Barcena Carmen , Kelleher Nicholas , Villamor Neus , Baumann Tycho , Muntañola Ana , Sancho‐Cia Juan M. , García‐Sancho Alejandro M. , Gonzalez‐Barca Eva , Matutes Estella , Brito Jordi A. , Karube Kennosuke , Salaverria Itziar , Enjuanes Anna , Wiemann Stefan , Heppner Frank L. , Siebert Reiner , Climent Fina , Campo Elías , Giné Eva , López‐Guillermo Armando , Beà Silvia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTesticular large B‐cell lymphoma (TLBCL) is an infrequent and aggressive lymphoma arising in an immune‐privileged site and has recently been recognized as a distinct entity from diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We describe the genetic features of TLBCL and compare them with published series of nodal DLBCL and primary large B‐cell lymphomas of the CNS (PCNSL). We collected 61 patients with TLBCL. We performed targeted next‐generation sequencing, copy number arrays, and fluorescent in situ hybridization to assess chromosomal rearrangements in 40 cases with available material. Seventy percent of the cases showed localized stages. BCL6 rearrangements were detected in 36% of cases, and no concomitant BCL2 and MYC rearrangements were found. TLBCL had fewer copy number alterations (p < 0.04) but more somatic variants (p < 0.02) than nodal DLBCL and had more frequent 18q21.32‐q23 (BCL2) gains and 6q and 9p21.3 (CDKN2A/B) deletions. PIM1, MYD88L265P, CD79B, TBL1XR1, MEF2B, CIITA, EP300, and ETV6 mutations were more frequent in TLBCL, and BCL10 mutations in nodal DLBCL. There were no major genetic differences between TLBCL and PCNSL. Localized or disseminated TLBCL displayed similar genomic profiles. Using LymphGen, the majority of cases were classified as MCD. However, we observed a subgroup of patients classified as BN2, both in localized and disseminated TLBCL, suggesting a degree of genetic heterogeneity in the TLBCL genetic profile. TLBCL has a distinctive genetic profile similar to PCNSL, supporting its recognition as a separate entity from DLBCL and might provide information to devise targeted therapeutic approaches.
Road traffic injury among elderly people and its determinant factors: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Azami‐Aghdash Saber , Derakhshani Naser , Kalajahi Riaz Alaei , Samei Behrouz , Rezapour Ramin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and aimsInjuries from Road Traffic Accidents (RTAs), particularly among vulnerable groups such as the elderly, are considered a significant public health concern. The aim of this study was to show epidemiology of RTIs among the elderly people in the Eastern Azerbaijan province of Iran.MethodThis cross‐sectional study included all patients over 60 years old who admitted to the Shohada Hospital from 2006 to 2016. Data were extracted from the Hospital Information System. Injuries types were classified based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD‐10). Descriptive statistics (Mean, median and frequency) and inferential statistics (The Pearson Chi‐square test) were used for data analysis through SPSS‐24 software.ResultsA total of 3509 RTAs involving patients over 60 years old from 2006 to 2016. These traffic‐related injuries comprised 15% of all recorded injuries (23,321 cases). The mean age of the patients was 69.91 ± 7.61 years, with a predominant male representation (2324 patients, 64.74%). The median Length of Stay (LOS) in hospital was 3 days. Injuries most commonly affected the knee and lower leg regions (27.5%). The most frequent types of accidents were those involving car passengers (40.47%) and pedestrians (36.33%). The majority of RTAs occurred during the summer season. There was a significant difference in the rate of RTAs based on variables such as sex, age, season, and LOS (p < 0.001).ConclusionThe study highlights traffic‐related injuries among the elderly, mostly affecting the knee and lower leg regions, especially during the summer season. The efforts should include enhancing safety measures for car passengers and pedestrians, particularly during the high‐risk summer months. Also, it emphasizes the need for public transportation to improve safety for older people due to lower accident rates and senior‐friendly features.
Investigation of the causal relationship between cholelithiasis and Parkinson's disease: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yang Zijiao , Song Chengfu , Lu Chong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundParkinson's disease (PD) and cholelithiasis are a huge public health burden. Although observational studies have suggested a potential link between PD and cholelithiasis, the causal relationship between the two remains uncertain. To address this gap, we performed a two‐sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis using genetic tools.MethodGenome‐wide association study summary statistics for all traits were obtained from publicly available databases. We used strict control steps in instrumental variable selection to screen for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from summary‐level genome‐wide association studies. In addition, all F‐statistics were >10, indicating no weak instrumental bias. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was the primary method used to assess causal associations. Four other MR methods (MR‐Egger, Weighted Median, Simple mode, and Weighted mode) were also used to complement IVW. Various sensitivity tests were also performed to assess reliability: (1) Cochrane's Q test for assessing heterogeneity, (2) MR‐Egger intercept test and MR‐PRESSO global test for assessing horizontal multiplicity, and (3) leave‐one‐out sensitivity test for determining stability.ResultsWe selected a total of 30 SNPs as instrumental variables. It was demonstrated that cholelithiasis had a causal effect on the risk of PD (OR = 1.146, 95% CI: 1.062–1.236, p < 0.001) in IVW method.ConclusionThe results of our analysis revealed an increased risk effect of cholelithiasis against PD, which may give light on new approaches to PD prevention and therapy.
Randomized control trial comparing genetic counseling service delivery models in an underserved population
Authors: Lahiri Sayoni , Mersch Jacqueline , Zimmerman John , Mauer Hall Caitlin , Moriarty Kelsey , Gemmell Amber , Lee MinJae , Clark Cheyla , Luong Michelle , Stokes Caroline , Romano Kathryn , James Cynthia A. , Pirzadeh‐Miller Sara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis randomized controlled trial compares outcomes of telephone versus in‐person genetic counseling service models in underserved, bilingual patient populations referred for cancer genetic counseling. Between 2022 and 2023, a two‐arm (telephone vs. in‐person genetic counseling) prospective, randomized controlled study with 201 participants was conducted at two county hospital cancer genetics clinics. Primary outcomes included comparison of pre‐ and post‐genetic counseling genetics knowledge (Multi‐dimensional Model of Informed Choice, MMIC), genetic counseling visit satisfaction (Genetic Counseling Satisfaction Scale, GCSS), and genetic counseling visit completion rates. Secondary outcomes included comparison of genetic testing attitudes and informed choice (MMIC), genetic counseling‐specific empowerment (Genomic Outcomes Scale, GOS), and genetic testing completion and cancellation/failure rates, using linear regression models (significance ≤0.05). There were no statistically significant differences between arms in pre/post‐genetic counseling MMIC knowledge and attitude, GOS or GCSS scores or genetic counseling completion. While more participants in the telephone versus in‐person arm made an informed choice about testing (52.5% v. 39.0%, p = 0.0552), test completion was lower (74% v. 100%, p < 0.05) for this group. Genetic counseling completion rates and MMIC knowledge and attitude, GOS, and GCSS scores suggest telephone genetic counseling is comparable to in‐person genetic counseling for underserved populations. Higher informed choice scores and significantly lower testing completion rates for telephone visits require further study.
Myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins mimicking inflammatory bowel disease in a 13‐year‐old patient
Authors: Abuquteish Dua , Chami Rose , Chavhan Govind B. , Walters Thomas , Siddiqui Iram 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIdiopathic myointimal hyperplasia of the mesenteric veins (IMHMV) is a rare entity reported in adults, frequently mimicking inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We report the first case of intestinal ischemia secondary to IMHMV presenting as IBD in a pediatric patient with Down syndrome. Chronic intestinal ischemia is rare in children, and this case emphasizes the need to consider this in the differential, when histopathology is suggestive. Clinical findings and colonoscopy in these patients may mimic IBD. The mucosal biopsies do not show classic features of IBD. Instead, there can be variable extent of mucosal changes such as dilated small capillaries in the lamina propria, edema, and early fibrosis. These changes may in fact represent early chronic ischemia. These findings should alert for vascular imaging and a full‐thickness biopsy to assess submucosal and subserosal larger vessels since medium‐ and large‐caliber veins in the colonic wall and mesentery are affected in IMHMV.
The Impact of Sports Tourism Motivation on Tourist Loyalty: The Chain Mediation Effect of Experience Quality and Tourist Satisfaction
Authors: Deng Yiran , Wang Xianliang , Ma Chao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study adopts the perspective of the social exchange theory and S‐O‐R theory, taking the emotional bond formed between tourists and the tourism destination through interaction as a starting point. It introduces experience quality and tourist satisfaction to construct a chain mediation model of “tourist motivation—experience quality—tourist satisfaction—tourist loyalty” in the context of sports tourism. A total of 497 valid samples were collected for the study, and the hypotheses proposed were tested using AMOS 24 software. The research results indicate that sports tourism motivation, experience quality, and tourist satisfaction all have significant positive effects on tourist loyalty. Experience quality and tourist satisfaction have both independent and chain mediation effects between sports tourism motivation and tourist satisfaction. Finally, this paper discusses the implications of the research findings for theory and practice, the limitations of the study, and future research directions.
Myelin water imaging of in vivo and ex vivo human brains using multi‐echo gradient echo at 3 T and 7 T
Authors: Xu Guojun , Zhao Zhiyong , Zhu Qinfeng , Zhu Keqing , Zhang Jing , Wu Dan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo compare the myelin water fraction (MWF) measurements between 3 T and 7 T and between in vivo and ex vivo human brains, and to investigate the relationship between multi‐echo gradient‐echo (mGRE)‐based 3D MWF and myelin content using histological staining, which has not been validated in the human brain.MethodsIn this study, we performed 3D mGRE‐based MWF measurements on five ex vivo human brain hemispheres and five healthy volunteers at 3 T and 7 T with 1 mm isotropic resolution. The data were fitted with the based on a three compartment complex‐valued model to estimate MWF. We obtained myelin basic protein (MBP) staining from two tissue blocks and co‐registered the MWF map and histology image for voxel‐wise correlation between the two.ResultsThe MWF values measured from 7 T were overall higher than 7 T, but data between the two field strength demonstrated high correlations both in vivo (r = 0.88) and ex vivo (r = 0.83) across 19 white matter regions. Moreover, the MWF measurements showed a good agreement between in vivo and ex vivo assessments at 3 T (r = 0.61) and 7 T (r = 0.54). Based on MBP staining, the MWF values exhibited strong positive correlations with myelin content on both 3 T (r = 0.68 and r = 0.78 for the two tissue blocks) and 7 T (r = 0.64 and r = 0.82 for the two tissue blocks).ConclusionThe findings demonstrated that the mGRE‐based MWF mapping can be used to quantify myelin content in the human brain, despite the field‐strength dependency of the measurements.
Psychological well‐being and the reversal of childhood overweight and obesity in the UK: a longitudinal national cohort study
Authors: Putra I Gusti Ngurah Edi , Daly Michael , Robinson Eric 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the prospective association between psychological well‐being and overweight and obesity reversal.MethodsWe analyzed data of UK children with overweight or obesity at ages 11 (n = 4556, baseline), 14 (n = 3791, baseline), and 17 years (follow‐up). Psychological well‐being‐related measures were characterized into indexes of caregiver‐reported child mental health and child‐reported psychosocial well‐being, with a higher score indicating better mental health or psychosocial well‐being. Weight changes were presented as reversal versus persistence of overweight or obesity and residualized‐change BMI z scores. Data were analyzed using regression analysis.ResultsBetter child mental health and psychosocial well‐being at age 11 years were independently associated with increased odds of reversal versus persistence (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.29; OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.44, respectively) and decreased BMI z scores (β = −0.08, 95% CI: −0.13 to −0.03; β = −0.07, 95% CI: −0.11 to −0.03, respectively) at age 17 years. However, neither of the indexes was associated with weight changes when measured at age 14 years. Analyses between psychological well‐being‐related measures and timing of measures indicated that psychological well‐being‐related measures were more likely to prospectively predict weight changes when measured at age 11 versus age 14 years.ConclusionsBetter psychological well‐being at age 11 years is a prognostic factor that may be associated with an increased likelihood of reversing childhood overweight and obesity by age 17 years.
Effects of Adler's Theory‐Based nudge volunteer program on middle school students
Authors: Kim Eunae , Lee Jongeun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdler emphasized social interest as a social adaptive lifestyle. The study used a nudge strategy to generate social interest in middle school students through a volunteer program. If student gets a good reward for volunteering, it can be a nudge naturally toward social interest. The dependent variables for the volunteer program as a nudge are inferiority complex, social interest, and game over‐immersion. Using convenience sampling, it was assigning 28 participants to two groups each. The experimental group participated in an intervention consisting of 9 sessions of 90 min each, once a week. Both groups were assessed before and after intervention and at a 4‐weeks follow‐up. Program effectiveness was analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed that it was a significant difference in inferiority complex between the experimental and control groups immediately after intervention, and that it was a strong difference in social interest and game over‐emersion both immediately after the experiment and 4 weeks later. Therefore, it proposes that volunteer programs to increase social interest and transition to a pro‐social lifestyle be included as a nudge in school extracurricular activities or curriculum.
Aquaculture growth and coastal tourism development in the context sustainable blue economy
Authors: Alsaleh Mohd , Wang Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe primary objective of this research is to investigate the impact of increased aquaculture output on coastal tourism and blue growth in European Union developed countries (EU13) and European Union developing countries (EU14) from 1990 to 2023. Key findings were derived through the application of resilient least squares (RLS), two‐stage least squares (2SLS), and ordinary least squares (OLS) estimators, effectively addressing endogeneity concerns. The exact magnitudes of these results show that, in EU14 developed countries, the increase of aquaculture output seriously jeopardizes the sustainability of coastal tourism more so than in EU13 developing countries. In contrast, EU14 developed countries find that variables like as economic growth and institutional quality have a greater impact on improving coastal sustainable development than do EU13 countries. Moreover, the data shows that, in comparison to EU14 developed countries, the aquaculture sector in EU13 developing countries uses more fossil fuels than EU14 developed countries, which is the main driver of carbon dioxide emissions in coastal tourist areas. In light of these findings, the study recommends that policymakers give policies targeted at enhancing productivity and encouraging the environmentally friendly growth of aquaculture production top priority, particularly in the EU14 developed countries that have significant negative effects on the sustainable development of coastal tourism.