bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How and why are subcutaneous fluids administered in an advanced illness population: a systematic review
Authors: Forbat Liz , Kunicki Natalie , Chapman Michael , Lovell Clare 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo identify the mechanisms of subcutaneous fluid administration in advanced illness.BackgroundHydration at end of life is a fundamental issue in quality care internationally. Decision‐making regarding the provision of artificial hydration in advanced illness is complicated by a paucity of evidence‐based guidance. Despite considerable attention given to the topic including two recent Cochrane reviews, there has been no focus in systematically identifying papers that report the mechanisms for delivering hydration subcutaneously. Consequently, there is a need to produce guidance on the site, mode, volume and rate of infusion, based on empirical evidence.DesignSystematic review of papers reporting empirical research data.MethodsKey databases (CENTRAL, Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL) were searched in September 2015, with no date limitations. Inclusion criteria focused on hypodermoclysis in adults within an advanced illness population. Selected studies were reviewed for quality and a risk‐of‐bias assessment was conducted for the included studies.ResultsFourteen papers were included in the analysis; most (n = 8) were conducted in hospices with others (n = 6) in long‐stay units with a population affected by chronic conditions associated with ageing. Studies were of moderate or high quality. The site and mode of infusion were not well described in these papers, and rates of infusion varied widely allowing for little clear consensus to guide clinical practice in the administration of subcutaneous fluids.ConclusionsStudies under‐report the mechanisms by which artificial hydration is provided, creating a paucity of evidence‐based guidance by which to practice. There is a need for evidence generated from nonmalignant populations to ensure applicability to the large number of people with other advanced illness.Relevance to clinical practiceIn the absence of sufficiently powered robust evidence, the mode of delivery of artificial hydration at end of life remains in the gloaming between evidence and unfounded habit.
The effect of laughter therapy on the quality of life of nursing home residents
Authors: Kuru Nilgun , Kublay Gulumser 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo evaluate the effect of Laughter therapy on the quality of life of nursing home residents.BackgroundBy improving the quality of life of residents living in nursing homes and allowing them to have a healthier existence, their lives can be extended. Therefore, interventions impacting the quality of life of older adults are of critical importance.DesignQuasi‐experimental design.MethodThe study was conducted between 2 March – 25 May 2015. The experimental group was composed of 32 nursing home residents from one nursing home, while the control group consisted of 33 nursing home residents from another nursing home in the capital city of Turkey. Laughter therapy was applied with nursing home residents of the experimental group two days per week (21 sessions in total). A socio‐demographic form and the Short‐Form Health Survey (SF‐36) were used for data collection.ResultsAfter the laughter therapy intervention, general and subscales (physical functioning, role‐physical, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role‐emotional and spiritual health) quality‐of‐life scores of residents in the experimental group significantly increased in comparison with the pretest.ConclusionLaughter therapy improved the quality of life of nursing home residents. Therefore, nursing home management should integrate laughter therapy into health care and laughter therapy should be provided as a routine nursing intervention.Relevance to clinical practiceThe results indicated that the laughter therapy programme had a positive effect on the quality of life of nursing home residents. Nurses can use laughter therapy as an intervention to improve quality of life of nursing home residents.
Family caregiver's experiences of providing care to patients with End‐Stage Renal Disease in South‐West Nigeria
Authors: Oyegbile Yemisi Okikiade , Brysiewicz Petra 
Published: December 2016

Aims and objectivesTo describe the experiences of family caregivers providing care for patients living with End‐Stage Renal Disease in NigeriaBackgroundFamily caregiving is where an unpaid volunteer, usually a close family member, attends to the needs of a loved one with a chronic, disabling illness within the home. Much research has been conducted in the area of family caregiving in high‐income countries. However, the same cannot be said for many of the low‐resource, multicultural African countries.DesignQualitative descriptive study.MethodThis qualitative descriptive study used manifest content analysis to analyse data from semi‐structured, individual interviews, with 15 purposively selected family caregivers. Two tertiary institutions providing renal care in South‐Western Nigeria: the research setting for this study.ResultFive categories were identified, and these included disconnectedness with self and others, never‐ending burden, ‘a fool being tossed around’, obligation to care and promoting a closer relationship.ConclusionExperiences associated with the caregiving of patients diagnosed with End‐Stage Renal Disease evoked a number of emotions from the family caregivers, and the study revealed that caregiving imposed some burdens that are specific to low‐resource countries on participants.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses need to engage family caregivers on disease‐specific teachings that might promote understanding of the disease process and role expectation. Family caregivers may benefit from social support services.
Effect of interleukin‐1β and lipoxin A4 in human endometriotic stromal cells: Proteomic analysis
Authors: Wu Rong‐Feng , Yang Hui‐Ming , Zhou Wei‐Dong , Zhang Li‐Rong , Bai Jian‐Bing , Lin Dian‐Chao , Ng Tai‐Wei , Dai Song‐Juan , Chen Qiong‐Hua , Chen Qing‐Xi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimLipoxin A4 (LXA4) can function as an endogenous ‘breaking signal’ in inflammation and plays an important role in the progression of endometriosis. The proteome responses to interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β) or LXA4 in human endometriotic stromal cells (ESC) are not well understood.MethodsIn this study, primary ESC were cultured from ovarian endometriosis tissue. Three groups were established: the control group; the IL‐1β stimulation group; and the IL‐1β and LXA4 incubation group. Proteins were assessed on 2‐D polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D‐PAGE), and differentially expressed protein spots were further identified on matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization–time of flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF‐MS). Wound healing and transwell assays were performed to assess the migration and invasion of ESC after treatment.ResultsIn total, 40 differentially expressed protein spots were identified successfully on MALDI‐TOF‐MS. The proteins identified were related to cell structure, metabolism, signal transduction, protein synthesis and membrane structure, processes that may be involved in the development of endometriosis. Vinculin and IL‐4 were further analyzed on western blot and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, LXA4 could suppress the migration and invasion of ESC induced by IL‐1β.ConclusionLXA4 may inhibit the progression of endometriosis partly by lowering or raising the effect of IL‐1β, mediated via some inflammation‐related proteins (e.g. vinculin) and immune response‐related protein (e.g. IL‐4) in vitro.
Ritodrine‐induced rhabdomyolysis, infantile myotonic dystrophy, and maternal myotonic dystrophy unveiled
Authors: Ogoyama Manabu , Takahashi Hironori , Kobayashi Yukako , Usui Rie , Matsubara Shigeki 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA primiparous pregnant woman in remission of myositis suffered very acute‐onset ritodrine‐induced rhabdomyolysis. At 29 gestational weeks, ritodrine was administered for threatened preterm labor. Just 3 h later, she complained of severe limb muscle pain, with serum creatinine phosphokinase elevated to 32 019 U/L and myoglobinuria. The muscle pain disappeared immediately after ceasing administration of ritodrine. At 31 weeks, premature rupture of the membranes occurred, necessitating cesarean section, yielding a baby with weak tonus, and the presence of infantile muscle diseases was suspected. Genetic analysis of the infant confirmed myotonic dystrophy (dystrophia myotonica, DM), which prompted us to perform maternal genetic analysis, confirming maternal DM. Ritodrine can induce rhabdomyolysis even in the prodromal phase with a mild phenotype of DM. A literature review suggested that ritodrine‐induced rhabdomyolysis may be likely to occur more acutely after ritodrine administration in DM compared with non‐DM mothers.
Ethnic analogies and differences in fetal heart rate variability signal: A retrospective study
Authors: Tagliaferri Salvatore , Esposito Francesca Giovanna , Fagioli Rosa , Di Cresce Marco , Sacchi Lucia , Signorini Maria Gabriella , Campanile Marta , Martinelli Pasquale , Magenes Giovanni 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimWe aimed to analyze computerized cardiotocographic (cCTG) parameters (including fetal heart rate baseline, short‐term variability, Delta, long‐term irregularity [LTI], interval index [II], low frequency [LF], movement frequency [MF], high frequency [HF], and approximate entropy [ApEn]) in physiological term pregnancies in order to correlate them with ethnic differences. The clinical meaning of numerical parameters may explain physiological or paraphysiological phenomena that occur in fetuses of different ethnic origins.MethodsA total of 696 pregnant women, including 384 from Europe, 246 from sub‐Saharan Africa, 45 from South‐East Asia, and 21 from South America, were monitored from the 37th to the 41st week of gestation. Statistical analysis was performed with the analysis of variance test, Pearson correlation test and receiver–operator curves (P < 0.05).ResultsOur results showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) between white and black women for Delta, LTI, LF, MF, HF, and ApEn; between white and Asian women for Delta, LTI, MF, and the LF/(HF + MF) ratio; and between white and Latina women for Delta, LTI, and ApEn. In particular, Delta and LTI performed better in the white group than in the black, Asian, and Latina groups. Instead, LF, MF, HF, and ApEn performed better in the black than in the white group.ConclusionOur results confirmed the integrity and normal functionality of both central and autonomic nervous system components for all fetuses investigated. Therefore, CTG monitoring should include both linear and nonlinear components of fetal heart rate variability in order to avoid misinterpretations of the CTG trace among ethnic groups.
Replication of GWAS loci revealed the moderate effect of TNRC6B locus on susceptibility of Saudi women to develop uterine leiomyomas
Authors: Bondagji Nabeel Saleem , Morad Fatima Amanullah , Al‐Nefaei Afnan Abed Abdullah , Khan Imran Ali , Elango Ramu , Abdullah Layla Saleh , M.Al‐Mansouri Nisma , Sabir Jamal , Banaganapalli Babajan , Edris Sherif , Shaik Noor Ahmad 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimUterine leiomyomas (UL) are smooth muscular nodes, whose growth is dependant up on the complex interplay of hormones with genes and uterine physiology. Global statistics indicate the role of ethnic and racial background as contributory factors for UL development. Owing to the lack of data, this study aimed to examine the association between genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility of Arab women of developing UL.MethodsWe genotyped 105 UL patients and 112 healthy controls for five genetic polymorphisms through real time PCR method. The strength of the association between genotype and allele frequencies with risk of developing UL was tested with their χ2 and odds ratio (OR) values. The synergistic cooperation between genetic polymorphisms was estimated through multifactor dimensionality reduction assay.ResultsWe found that Saudi women with the AG genotype for the rs12484776 polymorphism are at a 2.6‐fold higher risk of developing UL compared to those with other genotypes (OR, 2.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45–5.00; P < 0.001). This significance persisted even under co‐dominant models (i.e., AA vs GG + AG [OR, 2.74; 95%CI: 1.48–5.08; P = 0.001; and AG vs GG + AG [OR, 2.41; 95% CI: 1.33–4.39; P = 0.003). Genotype distribution frequencies for rs1056836, rs7913069, rs2280543, and rs4247357 were not shown to elevate the disease risk (for all tests P > 0.05).ConclusionThe rs12484776 significantly contributes to UL risk among Saudi women, both in single and also in synergistic cooperation with rs2280543, rs7913069, and rs1056836 markers. Our results have yielded mixed findings in replicating European‐ and Japanese‐specific UL genetic susceptibility loci among a geographically and culturally distinct population of the Saudi Arabian Peninsula.
Influence of Behçet's disease on first and second trimester serum screening markers
Authors: Yılmaz Zehra Vural , Türkmen Gülenay Gençosmanoğlu , Yılmaz Elif , Dağlar Korkut , Kırbaş Ayşe , Sanhal Cem , Yücel Aykan , Uygur Dilek 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimBehçet's disease (BD) is a rare and multisystemic vasculitis disease. In this study, we investigated whether BD had any effect on the biochemical components of first and second trimester aneuploidy screening tests.MethodsA case–control retrospective study was conducted with 32 pregnant women with BD and 60 healthy pregnant women as controls. All pregnant womens’ first trimester maternal serum pregnancy‐associated plasma protein‐A, free β‐human chorionic gonadotropin and second trimester serum alpha‐fetoprotein, unconjugated estriol and total human chorionic gonadotropin levels were examined from medical records. First and second serum screening markers were compared between pregnancies with BD and without.ResultsThere was no difference in age, body mass index and obstetric history between the groups. No significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of first and second trimester serum screening test results in the absence of aneuploidy or neural tube defect. Gestational age at birth, birth weight and neonatal intensive care admission rate were also similar between the groups.ConclusionBoth first and second serum screening tests for Down syndrome may be recommended to pregnant women with BD without the need to readjust these markers. Pregnancy with BD was not associated with adverse perinatal outcome with respect to gestational age at birth or birth weight.
Differentials in variables associated with past history of artificial abortion and current contraception by age: Results of a randomized national survey in Japan
Authors: Kojo Takao , Ae Ryusuke , Tsuboi Satoshi , Nakamura Yosikazu , Kitamura Kunio 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThis study analyzes differentials in the variables associated with the experience of artificial abortion (abortion) and use of contraception by age among women in Japan.MethodsThe 2010 National Lifestyle and Attitudes Towards Sexual Behavior Survey was distributed to 2693 men and women aged 16–49 selected from the Japanese population using a two‐stage random sampling procedure. From the 1540 respondents, we selected 700 women who reported having had sexual intercourse at least once. We used logistic regression to analyze how social and demographic factors were associated with the experience of abortion and contraceptive use.ResultsThe abortion rate according to the survey was 19.3%. Of the 700 women in the sample, 6.9% had experienced two or more abortions. Logistic regression revealed that, although significant variables depended on age, a high level of education and discussions about contraceptive use with partners were negatively associated with the experience of abortion. Self‐injury, approval of abortion and first sexual intercourse between the age of 10 and 19 were positively associated with the experience of abortion. Marriage, smoking and first sexual intercourse between the age of 10 and 19 were negatively associated with contraceptive use. Higher education and discussion of contraception with partners were positively associated with contraceptive use.ConclusionsTo prevent unwanted pregnancy and abortion, social support and sexual education should be age‐appropriate. It is vital to educate young people of the importance of discussing contraceptive use with their partners.
“Stress That I Don't Need”: Gender Expectations and Relationship Struggles Among the Poor
Authors: Sherman Jennifer 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBased on 55 qualitative interviews, this article looks in depth at the ways in which gendered expectations impact heterosexual romantic relationships among low‐income and poor adults in a small, western U.S. city. It finds that contradictory understandings regarding meanings and responsibilities associated with masculinity and femininity present challenges to the formation and sustaining of committed relationships. Although men desired to be providers and heads of household with limited household responsibilities, women wanted men with traditional work ethics but egalitarian perspectives on sharing both income generation and home and family responsibilities. Participants' unrealistic and conflicting gendered relationship expectations combined with economic concerns and social problems associated with economic strain to contribute to relationship tensions and wariness toward romantic involvements.
Comparison of clinical and radiographic status around immediately loaded versus conventional loaded implants placed in patients with type 2 diabetes: 12‐ and 24‐month follow‐up results
Authors: Al Amri M. D. , Alfarraj Aldosari A. M. , Al‐Johany S. S. , Al Baker A. M. , Al Rifaiy M. Q. , Al‐Kheraif A. A. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThere are no studies that have compared the clinical and radiographic status around immediately loaded (IL) and conventional loaded (CL) implants placed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim was to compare the clinical and radiographic status around IL and CL implants placed in T2DM patients. One hundred and eight diabetic patients [55 with IL implants (Group 1) and 53 with CL implants (Group 2)] were included in this cross‐sectional study. All implants were placed in healed sites in the maxillary and mandibular premolar and molar regions and supported single restorations. All patients underwent full mouth mechanical debridement biannually. Haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels, clinical [bleeding on probing (BOP) and probing depth (PD) ≥ 4 mm] and radiographic [crestal bone loss (CBL)] peri‐implant parameters were measured for both groups at 12‐ and 24‐month follow‐up. Group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U‐test (P < 0·05). The mean age and duration of T2DM in groups 1 and 2 were 50·6 ± 2·2 and 51·8 ± 1·7 years, and 9·2 ± 2·4 and 8·5 ± 0·4 years, respectively. At 12‐ and 24‐month follow‐up, the mean HbA1c levels in groups 1 and 2 were 5·4% (4·8–5·5%) and 5·1% (4·7–5·4%) and 5·1% (4·7–5·2%) and 4·9% (4·5–5·2%), respectively. At 12‐ and 24‐month follow‐up, there was no statistically significant difference in peri‐implant BOP, PD and CBL in both groups. It was concluded that clinical and radiographic status is comparable around IL and CL implants placed in patients with T2DM. The contribution of careful case selection, oral hygiene maintenance and glycaemic control is emphasised.
Effects of potentially functional polymorphisms in suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) on the risk of head and neck squamous cancer
Authors: Hang Dong , Yin Yin , Wang Lihua , Yuan Hua , Du Jiangbo , Zhu Meng , Dai Juncheng , Chen Ning , Hu Zhibin , Shen Hongbing , Ma Hongxia 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundSuppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) has been identified as an inhibitor of JAK/STAT pathway that plays a significant role in carcinogenesis. SOCS3 and JAK2 polymorphisms may influence the gene expression or function, contributing to the disease susceptibility; however, such effect has not been evaluated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsA case–control study was performed to test the associations of SOCS3 and JAK2 polymorphisms with risk of HNSCC in 576 cases and 1552 cancer‐free controls from China. Seven potentially functional polymorphisms predicted by bioinformatics tools were genotyped using Infinium BeadChip platform. The association between genotypes and HNSCC risk was estimated by computing odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in univariate and multivariate logistic regression models.ResultsWe found that rs2280148 located at 3′‐untranslated region of SOCS3 was significantly associated with an increased risk of HNSCC (additive model: adjusted OR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.03–1.43, P = 0.021). Moreover, rs8064821 located in the promoter region of SOCS3 was linked with a decreased risk of the cancer (additive model: adjusted OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.71–0.97, P = 0.022). Combined analysis of these variants by the number of risk alleles showed a significant locus–dosage effect on the risk of HNSCC (Ptrend = 0.006).ConclusionsWe provided the first evidence that SOCS3 polymorphisms may influence the risk of HNSCC, which could be applied as novel biomarkers to identify individuals at high risk of the disease.
Healing acceleration of oral mucositis induced by 5‐fluorouracil with Pistacia atlantica (bene) essential oil in hamsters
Authors: Tanideh Nader , Davarmanesh Mehdy , Andisheh‐Tadbir Azadeh , Ranjbar Zahra , Mehriar Peiman , Koohi‐Hosseinabadi Omid 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundOral mucositis is a common debilitating condition in patients with cancer receiving cytotoxic therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of topical administrations of the essential oil extracted from hull of Pistacia atlantica fruit (bene) on healing of oral mucositis in golden hamsters.MethodsForty hamsters with oral mucositis induced by 5‐fluorouracil administered on days 0, 5 and 10 and buccal mucosal scratching were randomly divided into four equal groups: group 1 received no additional treatment, group 2 received gel base, and groups 3 and 4 received gels containing 5% and 10% oil, respectively. From day 12, after blood sampling of all animals, a half randomly selected fraction of each group (four half groups) received once‐daily topical administration of either gel type (gel base, 5% and 10%) or no treatment (control subgroup) over the buccal pouches for 3 days and the remaining halves received the same treatments for 6 days. On each final day 15 and 18, the corresponding subgroups underwent consecutively the repeated blood sampling, mucosal clinical examination and excision for histopathology.ResultsComparisons on macro‐ and microscopical oral mucositis scorings demonstrated dose‐dependent healing promotion in the subgroups receiving active gels (P < 0.05). The blood samplings revealed the chemotherapy‐related pancytopenia with no significant difference among all subgroups on either end point (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe healing effect of the bene oil could mainly be local and attributed to its antioxidants and fatty acid contents present in non‐saponified and saponified fractions, respectively.