bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prolonged survival after second autologous transplantation and lenalidomide maintenance for salvage treatment of myeloma patients at first relapse after prior autograft
Authors: Gössi Ursina , Jeker Barbara , Mansouri Taleghani Behrouz , Bacher Ulrike , Novak Urban , Betticher Daniel , Egger Thomas , Zander Thilo , Pabst Thomas 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAutologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) as part of the primary therapy in multiple myeloma (MM) is standard practice. In contrast, the role of a second ASCT (ASCT2) and subsequent lenalidomide maintenance for relapsed disease remains unclear. In this study, we analysed 86 consecutive MM patients with a first relapse after prior ASCT receiving either a second ASCT or conventional chemotherapy. After a median follow‐up of 37.7 months since first relapse, 54 (62.8%) patients were still alive and 29 (33.7%) without progression. Sixty‐one (71.0%) patients received ASCT2 and had better progression‐free survival (PFS) (30.2 versus 13.0 mo; P = .0262) and overall survival (OS) rates (129.6 versus 33.5 mo; P = .0003) compared with 25 (29.0%) patients with conventional treatment. Patients relapsing later than 12 months after ASCT1 benefitted from a second ASCT with better PFS2 (P = .0179) and OS2 (P = .0009). Finally, lenalidomide maintenance after ASCT2 was associated with longer PFS (41.0 vs 21.6 mo; P = .0034) and better OS (not yet reached vs 129.6 mo; P = .0434) compared with patients without maintenance. Our data suggest that a second ASCT and lenalidomide maintenance given at first relapse in MM after prior ASCT are associated with better survival rates.
Financial consequences from smoking‐related diseases in middle‐income countries: Evidence and lessons from Mexico
Authors: Arredondo Armando , Recaman Ana Lucia , Pinzon Carlos , Azar Alejandra 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMiddle‐income countries are experiencing a significant growth of tobacco consumption‐related diseases, while their health systems lack the financial capacity to face them. Existing studies provide a general economic measurement of the problem but give no detailed evidence on the actual financial needs. The aim of this study was to measure the health care costs and financial consequences of the epidemiological changes related to tobacco consumption. A time‐series analysis for 2000 to 2016 was carried out in a national reference hospital in Mexico. We developed probabilistic models following the Box‐Jenkins methodology to forecast the expected changes in the epidemiologic profile and the health care services required for selected interventions. Health care costs were estimated following the instrumentation methods and validated with consensus technique. Comparing the epidemiological and economic burden in 2017 vs. 2019, there is a 20% to 90% increase in expected cases depending of the disease (p < .001) and a 25% to 93% increase in financial requirements (p < .001). Our data suggest that changes in the number of expected cases during the study period highlight the process of internal competition and add an element of intrinsic competition in the financial management of preventive and curative interventions.
Lower Bone Density, Impaired Microarchitecture, and Strength Predict Future Fragility Fracture in Postmenopausal Women: 5-Year Follow-up of the Calgary CaMos Cohort
Authors: Burt Lauren A , Manske Sarah L , Hanley David A , Boyd Steven K 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

The aim of this prospective study was to use high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) to determine if baseline skeletal parameters can predict incident fragility fracture in women and, secondly, to establish if women that fracture lose bone at a faster rate than those who do not fracture. Women older than 60 years who experienced a fragility fracture during the 5-year follow-up period (incident fracture group, n = 22) were compared with those who did not experience a fragility fracture during the study (n = 127). After image registration between baseline and follow-up measures, standard and cortical morphological analyses were conducted. Odds ratios were calculated for baseline values and annualized percent change of HR-pQCT and finite element variables. At the radius, baseline HR-pQCT results show women who fractured had lower total bone mineral density (Tt.BMD; 19%), trabecular bone mineral density (Tb.BMD; 25%), and trabecular number (Tb.N; 14%), with higher trabecular separation (Tb.Sp; 19%) than women who did not fracture. At the tibia, women with incident fracture had lower Tt.BMD (15%), Tb.BMD (12%), cortical thickness (Ct.Th; 14%), cortical area (Ct.Ar; 12%), and failure load (10%) with higher total area (Tt.Ar; 7%) and trabecular area (Tb.Ar; 10%) than women who did not fracture. Odds ratios (ORs) at the radius revealed every SD decrease of Tt.BMD (OR = 2.1), Tb.BMD (OR = 2.0), and Tb.N (OR = 1.7) was associated with a significantly increased likelihood of fragility fracture. At the tibia, every SD decrease in Tt.BMD (OR = 2.1), Tb.BMD (OR = 1.7), Ct.Th (OR = 2.2), Ct.Ar (OR = 1.9), and failure load (OR = 1.7) were associated with a significantly increased likelihood of fragility fracture. Irrespective of scanning modality, the annualized percent rate of bone loss was not different between fracture groups. The results suggest baseline bone density, microarchitecture, and strength rather than change in these variables are associated with incident fragility fractures in women older than 60 years. Furthermore, irrespective of fragility fracture status, women experienced changes in skeletal health at a similar rate. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Osteogenic and osteoclastogenic potential of jaw bone‐derived cells—A case study
Authors: Ruppeka‐Rupeika Elizabete , Hogervorst Jolanda , Wouters Fenne , Schoenmaker Ton , Forouzanfar Tim , de Vries Teun J. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThough the stem cell properties of tooth‐derived periodontal ligament and gingival cells have been widely documented, surprisingly little is known about both the osteogenic and osteoclastogenic differentiation capacities of the more clinically relevant jaw bone‐derived cells. These cells could be considered being recruited during bone healing such as after tooth extraction, after placing an implant, or after surgical or traumatic injury. Here, we compared the osteoblast and osteoclastogenesis features of four consecutive bone outgrowths with periodontal ligament and gingiva cells. For osteogenesis assay, cells were cultured in osteogenic medium, whereas in osteoclastogenesis assays, cells were cultured in the presence of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as a source of osteoclast precursors. After osteogenic stimulus, all six cell types responded by an increased expression of osteoblast markers RUNX2 and DMP1. Periodontal ligament cells expressed significantly higher levels of RUNX2 compared to all bone outgrowths. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme levels in periodontal ligament cells reached earlier and higher peak expression. Mineral deposits were highest in periodontal ligament, gingiva and the first bone outgrowth. Osteoclastogenesis revealed a stepwise increase of secreted pro‐osteoclastogenesis proteins M‐CSF, IL‐1β, and TNF‐α in the last three consecutive bone cultures. OPG mRNA showed the opposite: high expression in periodontal and gingiva cells and the first outgrowth. Osteoclast numbers were similar between the six cultures, both on bone and on plastic. This first study reveals that jaw bone outgrowths contain bone remodelling features that are slightly different from tooth‐associated cells.
Investigation of the binding characteristics between ligands and epidermal growth factor receptor by cell membrane chromatography
Authors: Yang Liu , Zhu Man , Kang Yuan , Yang Tianfeng , Ma Weina 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe binding property between a ligand and its receptor is very important for numerous biological processes. In this study, we developed a high epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐expression cell membrane chromatography (CMC) method to investigate the binding characteristics between EGFR and the ligands gefitinib, erlotinib, canertinib, afatinib, and vandetanib. Competitive binding analysis using gefitinib as the marker was used to investigate the interactions that occurred at specific binding sites on EGFR. The ability of displacement was measured from the HEK293‐EGFR/CMC column on the binding sites occupied by gefitinib for these ligands, which revealed the following order: gefitinib (KD, 8.49 ± 0.11 × 10−7 M) > erlotinib (KD, 1.07 ± 0.02 × 10−6 M) > canertinib (KD, 1.41 ± 0.07 × 10−6 M) > afatinib (KD, 1.80 ± 0.12 × 10−6 M) > vandetanib (KD, 1.99 ± 0.03 × 10−6 M). This order corresponded with the values estimated by frontal displacement analysis and the scores obtained with molecular docking. Furthermore, thermodynamic analysis indicated that the hydrogen bond or Van der Waals force was the main interaction force in the process of EGFR binding to all 5 ligands. Overall, these results demonstrate that a CMC method could be an effective tool to investigate the binding characteristics between ligands and receptors.
Behavioral merger and acquisition pricing: Application to Verizon mergers with AOL and Yahoo
Authors: Agarwal Nipun , Kwan Paul , Paul David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMergers and acquisitions (M&A) are important to companies as it allows them to acquire capabilities that they cannot create internally and to grow quickly. M&A transaction pricing relates to the pricing of these M&A deals and this article analyzes if behavioral finance factors like risk aversion, optimism, and loss aversion have an impact on this pricing. Prospect Theory and Cumulative Prospect Theory are applied to an agent‐based model to solve this problem. Results of this article show that M&A transaction price does respond to a change in risk aversion and optimism traits of the acquirer and target companies respectively, as well as, loss aversion and certainty (probability of gains and losses). When, the acquirer is risk taking and target company is optimistic, the M&A transaction price increases. However, with increasing certainty of gains and reducing loss aversion (increasing loss aversion co‐efficient; as gains are perceived to have the same weight as losses), the M&A transaction price seems to reduce. These results are compared with the recent mergers of Verizon and AOL as well as Verizon and Yahoo, to understand if these results would occur in practice. Analyzing these mergers, it seems that the outcomes from this model does provide insight on the pricing of these M&A transactions. This article also analyzes how these behaviors would impact the pricing when three different acquirers are trying to take over a target company. Results show that loss aversion has a significant effect on this pricing with risk aversion and optimism also having some minor impact. But, the existence of multiple acquirers does positively increase the M&A transaction price.
Interorganizational imitation and payment mode decisions in cross‐border acquisitions
Authors: Chhabra Ankita , Popli Manish 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAcquiring firm imitates the payment method decisions made by prior foreign acquirers targeting the same host country in cross‐border acquisitions. Information asymmetry and bounded rationality induces acquirers to imitate the decisions of other foreign firms in the similar context. Mimetic behavior of the firms is more salient when the acquiring firm belongs to a country with high uncertainty avoidance cultural attribute and when institutional uncertainty is high in host country. The hypotheses are tested using binary logistic regression on a dataset of 1,136 cross‐border acquisitions done by a group of seven countries during 2000–2010.
Effects of washing, soaking and domestic cooking on cadmium, arsenic and lead bioaccessibilities in rice
Authors: Liu Kunlun , Zheng Jiabao , Chen Fusheng 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe health risk of heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) in rice can be assessed by their concentration and bioaccessibility. In this work, japonica cultivar Xinfeng 2 and indica cultivar T‐You 15 were washed, soaked and cooked using three common domestic cooking methods. The present study investigated the effects of washing, soaking, normal cooking, high‐pressure cooking and microwave cooking on the concentration, bioaccessibility and health risk of Cd, As and Pb in rice.RESULTSWashing significantly reduced concentrations of Cd, As and Pb, and all three types of cooking reduced bioaccessibilities of these elements. No significant differences in bioaccessibility were observed among rice prepared with different cooking methods. Concentrations and bioaccessibilities of Cd, As and Pb highly affected the values of average daily dose, hazard quotient and lifetime cancer risk. High concentration and bioaccessibility cause As to pose non‐carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to adults and children. Moreover, compared with adults, children have a high chance of exposure to non‐carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks.CONCLUSIONWashing and cooking of rice lowered the health risk by reducing Cd, As and Pb concentrations and bioaccessibilities respectively. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Potential effects of sulforaphane to fight obesity
Authors: Martins Tânia , Colaço Bruno , Venâncio Carlos , Pires Maria J , Oliveira Paula A , Rosa Eduardo , Antunes Luís M 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObesity is linked to the onset of many diseases such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancer, among others. The prevalence of obesity nearly doubled worldwide between 1980 and 2014. Simultaneously, in the last decade, the effects of sulforaphane as a potential treatment for obesity have been investigated, with promising results. Fruits and vegetables and their processed agri‐food co‐products are good sources of natural health‐promoting compounds. Brassica crops are among the most produced crops in the world and are a good source of glucoraphanin, which, following hydrolysis, releases sulforaphane. The Brassicaceae family generates large amounts of co‐products with no intended use, causing negative economic and environmental impact. Valorization of these co‐products could be achieved through their exploitation for the extraction of bioactive compounds such as sulforaphane. However, the extraction process still needs further improvement for its economic feasibility. This article reviews the potential effects of sulforaphane in the treatment of obesity, linked to the relevance of giving Brassica co‐products added value, which is of key importance for the competitiveness of farmers and the agri‐food industry. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Structured emulsions as butter substitutes: effects on physicochemical and sensory attributes of shortbread cookies
Authors: Curti Elena , Federici Enrico , Diantom Agoura , Carini Eleonora , Pizzigalli Emanuele , Wu Symon Veronica , Pellegrini Nicoletta , Vittadini Elena 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDReformulation of foods products to reduce total and saturated fats while maintaining acceptable structure, texture and mouthfeel poses an important challenge to the food industry. In this work, the use of structured emulsions (fibre‐induced oil‐in‐water biphasic systems with reduced total and saturated fats) is proposed to replace butter in shortbread cookies.RESULTSUse of structured emulsions resulted in softer dough that was still workable using a traditional process. Shortbread cookies containing structured emulsions were harder and paler than the butter control but had a significantly reduced saturated fat content. They also received promising scores in the sensory analysis in terms of texture and overall acceptability, despite the butter product still being the preferred sample.CONCLUSIONThe results of this study indicated that structured emulsions represent a good solution to produce nutritionally improved shortbreads. Optimization of the structured emulsion formulation can provide further improvement of the nutritional, sensory and physicochemical properties of shortbread cookies. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Whey protein isolate with improved film properties through cross‐linking catalyzed by small laccase from Streptomyces coelicolor
Authors: Quan Wei , Zhang Chong , Zheng Meixia , Lu Zhaoxin , Lu Fengxia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe effects of small laccase (SLAC) from Streptomyces coelicolor on the properties of whey protein isolate (WPI) films were studied.RESULTSWPI was catalyze by SLAC without phenolic acid assistance. Particle size distribution results showed that some complexes with higher relative molecular weight formed in WPI samples treated with SLAC. The content of α‐helixes decreased while those of β‐sheets and random coils increased following SLAC treatment according to circular dichroism results. Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis suggested that some conformational changes occurred in WPI following SLAC treatment. Analysis of WPI films prepared by casting after SLAC treatment indicated that their film properties were all improved, including mechanical properties, solubility, water vapor, oxygen and carbon dioxide barrier properties, film color, light transmission, transparency and thermal properties. Compared with that of the control film, some obvious differences in the morphology of the WPI films were observed following SLAC treatment. This report demonstrates that laccase can directly catalyze protein cross‐linking, which may be useful to improve the performance of protein films.CONCLUSIONIn this study, SLAC was applied to WPI edible film during the film‐making process. The results showed that SLAC can catalyze WPI cross‐linking without phenolic acid assistance, and WPI film properties were improved after SLAC treatment. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Determining degree of roasting in cocoa beans by artificial neural network (ANN)‐based electronic nose system and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS)
Authors: Tan Juzhong , Kerr William L 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDRoasting is a critical step in chocolate processing, where moisture content is decreased and unique flavors and texture are developed. The determination of the degree of roasting in cocoa beans is important to ensure the quality of chocolate. Determining the degree of roasting relies on human specialists or sophisticated chemical analyses that are inaccessible to small manufacturers and farmers. In this study, an electronic nose system was constructed consisting of an array of gas sensors and used to detect volatiles emanating from cocoa beans roasted for 0, 20, 30 and 40 min. The several signals were used to train a three‐layer artificial neural network (ANN). Headspace samples were also analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), with 23 select volatiles used to train a separate ANN.RESULTSBoth ANNs were used to predict the degree of roasting of cocoa beans. The electronic nose had a prediction accuracy of 94.4% using signals from sensors TGS 813, 826, 822, 830, 830, 2620, 2602 and 2610. In comparison, the GC/MS predicted the degree of roasting with an accuracy of 95.8%.CONCLUSIONThe electronic nose system is able to predict the extent of roasting, as well as a more sophisticated approach using GC/MS. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Rapid and sensitive surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method combined with gold nanoparticles for determination of paraquat in apple juice
Authors: Luo Hairui , Wang Xiaohui , Huang Yiqun , Lai Keqiang , Rasco Barbara A , Fan Yuxia 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDParaquat, a highly efficient herbicide, is widely used in agricultural practices throughout the world. However, paraquat residues in food pose a threat to human health. In order to develop a rapid and sensitive method, surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) coupled with gold nanoparticles was applied to analysis of paraquat in apple juice.RESULTSNatural organic compounds (sugars and organic acids) in apple juice interfered with SERS measurement. Sample preparation was needed. Paraquat could be detected at concentrations as low as 0.02 and 0.1 µg mL− 1 with the weak cation‐exchange solid‐phase extraction (WCX‐SPE) method and dilution method for sample preparation, respectively. For quantitative analysis, the R2 cv of the partial least‐squares regression model with the dilution method (0.939) was not as good as with the WCX‐SPE method (0.984), but the dilution method is much less costly, simpler and time saving. Satisfactory recovery values were obtained ranging from 94.73% to 114.81%, with the exception of 56.55% for the lowest concentration.CONCLUSIONThis work showed that SERS combined with gold nanoparticles could determine paraquat in apple juice. As a simple, rapid and ultrasensitive method, it has great practical potential for detection of other contaminants in a variety of foods. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
A High‐Fat Diet Rich in Saturated and Mono‐Unsaturated Fatty Acids Induces Disturbance of Thyroid Lipid Profile and Hypothyroxinemia in Male Rats
Authors: Zhang Xiaohan , Chen Wenbin , Shao Shanshan , Xu Guowang , Song Yongfeng , Xu Chao , Gao Ling , Hu Chunxiu , Zhao Jiajun 
Published: January 2018

ScopeIncreasing evidence has shown that the disturbance of lipid metabolism might make a possible contribution to the pathogenesis of organ dysfunction, including thyroid, yet it is unknown whether excess intake of dietary fat interferes in thyroid lipid profile. We investigate the effects of dietary fat toward the thyroid lipid profile and thyroid function.Methods and resultsMale Sprague–Dawley rats are fed with high‐fat diet (HFD) rich in saturated and mono‐unsaturated fatty acids or chow diet for 18 weeks. LC–MS analysis of thyroid shows that total free fatty acids (FFAs) content is significantly higher in HFD rats. The concentration of highly saturated triglycerides significantly increases in HFD rats, whereas the polyunsaturated triglyceride significantly decreases, indicating the decrease in unsaturation in the HFD group. Significant increase of lysophosphatidylcholines (LPC) is observed in HFD rats. Thyroid function tests show hypothyroxinemia (total thyroxine [TT4] and free thyroxine [FT4]) in HFD rats, and elevated thyrotropin (TSH) concentration. The HFD rats also show decreased thyroid uptake of iodine.ConclusionExcess intake of dietary fat induces disturbance of thyroid lipid profile and hypothyroxinemia, indicating thyroid dysfunction. We speculate that it may provide a new prospect in understanding the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism.