bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and luminescence characterization of Y2BaZnO5:RE (RE = Eu3+, Tb3+, Pr3+ and Sm3+) phosphors
Authors: Taikar D.R. , Joshi C.P. , Moharil S.V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractModified synthesis and luminescence of Y2BaZnO5 phosphors activated with the rare earths (RE) Eu3+, Tb3+, Pr3+ and Sm3+ are reported. RE2BaZnO5 phosphors have attracted attention because of their interesting magnetic and optical properties; and are usually prepared using a two‐step solid‐state reaction. In the first step, carbonates or similar precursors are thoroughly mixed and heated at 900°C to decompose them to oxides. To eliminate the unwanted phases like BaRE2O4, the resulting powders are reheated at 1100°C for a long time. We prepared Y2BaZnO5 phosphors activated with various activators by replacing the first step with combustion synthesis. The photoluminescence results are presented. The photoluminescence results for Eu3+, Tb3+ and Pr3+ are in good agreement with the literature. However, photoluminescence emission from Sm3+ has not been documented previously. The excitation spectrum of Eu3+ is dominated by a charge transfer band around 261 nm, and an additional band around 238 nm is always present, irrespective of the type of activator. The presence of this band for all these different types of activators was interpreted as host absorption.
Meal–insulin cycle: A visual summary of the biochemical events between meals
Authors: Kalogiannis Stavros 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the present article, a scheme that summarizes the biochemical events occurring in the human body after the consumption of a meal is proposed. The scheme illustrates the metabolic sequence as a series of counteracting components occupying opposite positions in a cycle, indicating their opposite actions or physiological states, such as meal versus energy consumption, increase versus decrease of blood glucose levels, and excretion of insulin versus excretion of glucagon. Furthermore, the cycle is complemented by a table indicating the acceleration or inhibition of selected metabolic pathways and actions. Since the cycle demonstrates the effects of a meal and of insulin on metabolism it was named “the meal–insulin cycle.” Evaluation of the implementation in the classroom by postgraduate students of Nutrition showed that the proposed summarized visualization improved the understanding of the events between meals of all students, both holders of a Nutrition degree as well as graduates of another science division. Moreover, the representation as a perpetuating cycle throughout our lifespan was new to the students. The students recognized the graphical illustration as the most helpful feature. The proposed scheme may be used in teaching metabolism or biochemistry in a students' course or in a diabetes care course, it can be found on the internet, at the URL www.metpath.teithe.gr/meal_insulin_cycle and is linked to an interactive map of metabolic pathways. © 2016 by The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 45(3):279–284, 2017.
Asymmetric Ketone Reduction by Imine Reductases
Authors: Lenz Maike , Meisner Jan , Quertinmont Leann , Lutz Stefan , Kästner Johannes , Nestl Bettina M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe rapidly growing area of asymmetric imine reduction by imine reductases (IREDs) has provided alternative routes to chiral amines. Here we report the expansion of the reaction scope of IREDs by showing the stereoselective reduction of 2,2,2‐trifluoroacetophenone. Assisted by an in silico analysis of energy barriers, we evaluated asymmetric hydrogenations of carbonyls and imines while considering the influence of substrate reactivity on the chemoselectivity of this novel class of reductases. We report the asymmetric reduction of C=N as well as C=O bonds catalysed by members of the IRED enzyme family.
Experimental Approach to an Efficient and Versatile Water Filtration Vacuum Cleaner
Authors: Bakry Ayman I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA simple and robust suction technique is proposed for vacuum cleaning based on an innovative water filtration method for dry, wet, and water swab modes. The technique relies on applying vacuum above the free surface of water to drive the dust‐laden airstream to be released at constant depth below the water surface. Unlike conventional vacuum cleaner types, experimental measurements revealed that a high negative suction pressure availability and low exhaust air temperature with negligible and irrelevant increase in humidity levels were maintained regardless of the filling state. The proposed technique thus ensures more efficient utilization and conservation of energy.
Reactive Extraction and Critical Raw Materials: Industrial Recovery of Tungsten
Authors: Willersinn Stefan , Bart Hans‐Jörg 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe recovery of various metals from primary and secondary resources becomes increasingly important, especially for low concentrated resources, where the hydrometallurgical recovery route is economically preferable over the pyrometallurgical. Solvent extraction is a crucial process step in concentrating and purifying metal ions from dilute or multi‐component feed streams. For an industrial design of extraction processes and equipment several basic data are necessary. The methodology of apparatus design, the scale‐up challenge, and the toolbox of available methods are discussed exemplarily for the solvent extraction of tungsten.
Simulation and Multi‐criteria Optimization under Uncertain Model Parameters of a Cumene Process
Authors: Asprion Norbert , Blagov Sergej , Böttcher Roger , Schwientek Jan , Burger Jakob , von Harbou Erik , Bortz Michael 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSince experimentation is expensive with increasing computation power the significance of modeling, simulation, and optimization in process development has grown. Quite often in such models some parameters are uncertain, e.g., due to high variance in experimental data used for their estimation. Methods for investigating the impact of uncertain model parameters in the simulation and a new extension of an adaptive multi‐criteria optimization method to account for these uncertainties are described and demonstrated based on a cumene process.
“Justice for all”: An examination of self‐identified LGBT job satisfaction in the US federal workforce
Authors: Pink‐Harper Stephanie A. , Davis Randall S. , Burnside Randolph 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe diversity management literature is inconsistent regarding factors that affect job satisfaction of marginalized groups. We examine job satisfaction of LGBTs in the US federal workforce by following the path of the diversity management and job satisfaction research. We empirically test this relationship using the 2014 Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey employing confirmatory factor analysis and structural equal modelling. We find that increased perceptions of a culture of diversity contribute to LGBT employee perception of their skills being effectively utilized as well as employee job satisfaction. We also find that LGBT's perception of their skills directly contributes to job satisfaction. We conclude by offering policy implications for public managers to consider when developing diversity management strategies for marginalized groups. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparing financial and social costs for top‐down versus fixed‐band selection: A practical application with bus drivers
Authors: Sorenson Jessica B. , Hausdorf Peter A. , Risavy Stephen D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA number of solutions have been proposed to the diversity‐validity dilemma arising from the use of cognitive ability tests in employment selection. Cognitive ability tests predict training and job performance but also produce adverse impact against minority groups. Although banding reduces adverse impact, it has been criticized for also reducing the utility of the selection process. We assessed the social and financial impact of a fixed band approach with top‐down hiring across several hiring scenarios with a pool of bus driver applicants. Overall, the fixed band approach reduced adverse impact without substantially reducing the cost effectiveness of the hiring process. We discuss the implications of these two approaches in the context of the diversity‐validity dilemma. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Understanding the dynamics between supervisor‐follower social capital, work engagement, and employees' creative work involvement
Authors: Bouckenooghe Dave , Menguç Bulent 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study examines the previously unexplored mediating role of work engagement in the link between creative work involvement and the relational resources embedded in supervisor‐follower exchanges. We studied three relational resources inherent to the exchanges between followers and their supervisors: trust in supervisor, goal congruence, and relationship informality. Data were captured from IT professionals working at four well‐established IT companies in Ukraine. The findings show that relationship informality and goal congruence positively affect employees' creative work involvement, yet these effects are less pronounced when controlling for work engagement. The significance and implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dual boundary spanning: Toward a typology of outside‐in open innovation in the Canadian context
Authors: Li‐Ying Jason 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe extant literature runs short in understanding openness of innovation regarding and the different pathways along which internal and external knowledge resources can be combined. This study proposes a unique typology for outside‐in innovations based on two distinct ways of boundary spanning: whether an innovation idea is created internally or externally and whether an innovation process relies on external knowledge resources. This yields four possible types of innovation, which represent the nuanced variation of outside‐in innovations. Using historical data from Canada for 1945–1980, this study unveils different implications of these innovation types for different levels of innovation novelty. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The packing problem of uncertain multicasts
Authors: Ren Bangbang , Guo Deke , Xie Junjie , Li Wenxin , Yuan Bo , Liu Yunfei 
Published: December 2016

SummaryMulticast performs better than unicast in delivering the same content from a fixed single source to a set of destinations. Many efforts have been made to optimize such kind of deterministic multicast, such as minimizing the transmission cost of each multicast session. In practice, it is not necessary that the source of each multicast session has to be in a specific location, as long as certain constraints are satisfied. Accordingly, applications usually meet a novel multicast with uncertain sources, ie, uncertain multicast. That is, multiple nodes have the responsibility to act as the root node of a multicast session. Prior proposals have addressed an uncertain multicast by constructing the minimum cost forest. However, it is still unknown how to efficiently share the network resources, when a set of uncertain multicast occupies the network simultaneously. To tackle such a challenging issue, we present the packing problem of uncertain multicasts (MPU) to minimize the total transmission cost, under the constraint of link capacity. We prove that the MPU problem is NP‐hard. An intrinsic solution is constructing the minimum cost forest for each uncertain multicast individually. This method, however, is inefficient and may be infeasible because of the constraint of link capacity. Thus, we design 2 dedicated greedy methods, named priority‐based and adjusting congested link, to approximate the optimal solution. The comprehensive results indicate that both of our 2 methods can find a feasible solution for the MPU problem. Moreover, given a set of uncertain multicasts, the adjusting congested link method can generate a desired transmission structure for each uncertain multicast and achieve the least total cost when packing them.
A 5.1μJ per point‐multiplication elliptic curve cryptographic processor
Authors: Rožić Vladimir , Reparaz Oscar , Verbauwhede Ingrid 
Published: December 2016

SummarySecurity features such as privacy and device authentication are required in wireless sensor networks, electronic IDs, Radio Frequency Identification tags, and many other applications. These features are provided using cryptography. Symmetric key cryptography, where the key is distributed between the communication parties prior to communication, does not provide adequate solution for large scalable systems such as sensor networks. In these cases, public‐key cryptography should be used. However, public‐key algorithms are typically more computationally intensive than their symmetric key counterparts, which creates difficulties in meeting the strict area, power, and energy requirements. Elliptic curve cryptography, because of relatively small operand sizes, can be used to answer the imposed challenges. In this paper, we present a processor for elliptic curve cryptography over GF(2163). This processor can perform elliptic curve point multiplication as well as general modular operations. The processor is flexible enough to support multiple cryptographic protocols. The chip is fabricated using UMC .13 μm 1P8M process, resulting in a core area of 0.54 mm2. The energy consumption to perform one elliptic curve point multiplication is 5.1 μJ. The design features lightweight countermeasures against side‐channel attacks. A security evaluation shows the effectiveness of such countermeasures. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Reversible circuit design for GCD computation in cryptography algorithms
Authors: Jayashree H. V. , Kotethota Skanda , Agrawal V. K. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe implementation of cryptography algorithms is constantly observing threat from multiple techniques in breaking secure system. The current trend in breaking the secure system of cryptography is by power analysis technique. In order to break the secure key, the energy consumed in the digital circuit during computation is measured. This technique is commonly known as differential power analysis, explored by the hackers to break the secure systems. To circumvent these type of attacks, it is necessary to explore different designs, which dissipate less energy. Ideally, reversible circuits dissipate zero energy. We present a new reversible architecture for greatest common divisor (GCD) computation using modified Binary GCD algorithm. We present the generalized design methodology of reversible GCD computation unit. We compare the proposed GCD computation design with the existing design. The proposed reversible GCD architecture takes less number of iterations compared with the existing GCD architecture in the literature. The proposed design outperforms the existing GCD design in terms of Quantum Cost, Gate Count, and Ancilla Inputs. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cell‐based DNA demethylation detection system for screening of epigenetic drugs in 2D, 3D, and xenograft models
Authors: Agrawal Khushboo , Das Viswanath , Otmar Miroslav , Krečmerová Marcela , Džubák Petr , Hajdúch Marián 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAberrant DNA methylation that results in silencing of genes has remained a significant interest in cancer research. Despite major advances, the success of epigenetic therapy is elusive due to narrow therapeutic window. A wide variety of naturally occurring epigenetic agents and synthetic molecules that can alter methylation patterns exist, however, their usefulness in epigenetic therapy remains unknown. This underlines the need for effective tumor models for large‐scale screening of drug candidates with potent hypomethylation activity. In this study, we present the development of a cell‐based DNA demethylation detection system, which is amenable for high content screening of epigenetic drugs in two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional cell culture models. Additionally, the detection system also supports the in vivo monitoring of demethylation efficacy of potential lead compounds from in vitro screens in tumor xenografts. The described detection system not only permits the continuous monitoring of demethylation but also of the induced cytostatic/cytotoxic drug effects in live cells, as a function of time. The detection system is fluorescence based and exploits the dominant ability of DNA methylation to inhibit gene transcription, and utilizes FLJ32130 gene, which is silenced on account of promoter hypermethylation in human colorectal cancer. The described work will provide the researchers with an efficient tool for epigenetic drug screens on a high throughput platform and would therefore benefit academic and industrial drug discovery. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
FPGA implementation of highly secure, hardware‐efficient QC‐LDPC code–based nonlinear cryptosystem for wireless sensor networks
Authors: Stuart Celine Mary , Deepthi P. P. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThis paper presents the design and implementation of an integrated architecture for embedding security into quasi‐cyclic (QC) low‐density parity‐check (LDPC) code–based cryptographic system through a nonlinear function of low hardware complexity. Instead of using standard S‐boxes for implementation of nonlinear function, this paper considers a method on the basis of maximum length cellular automata (CA), so that enhanced security can be achieved with simple hardware structure. The proposed system adopts a lightweight random bit stream generator on the basis of linear feedback shift register (LFSR) for generating random error vectors, so that a large number of vectors with very good cryptographic properties can be made available with low hardware cost. Different permutation patterns generated for different message blocks help to provide good degrees of freedom for tuning security with reasonable key size. The hardware architecture for the proposed system is developed and validated through implementation on Xilinx Spartan 3S500E. Analytical and synthesis results show that the proposed scheme is lightweight and offers very high security through continuously changing parameters, thus making it highly suitable for resource‐constrained applications.
Identification of prenatal behavioral patterns of the gross motor movements within the early stages of fetal development
Authors: van Merendonk Elisabeth J.J.M. , Brouwers Jeroen J.W.M. , De Catte Luc , Hasaerts Danielle , Nijhuis‐van der Sanden Maria W.G. , Kerckhofs Eric 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLittle is known about the manner in which motor behavior of the gross motor movements develops in early fetal period. Therefore, the goal of this study was to identify and classify the fetal distinct behavior patterns of the gross motor movements qualitatively in gestational weeks 10 through 17 (N = 69 fetuses). Using our unique Systematic Observation and Analysis Procedure based on conventional 2D ultrasound, we were able to identify the distinct behavior patterns with respect to the fetus' orientation (e.g., postural position and additional support by uterine wall) in real time and therefore distinguish 12 categories of behavioral patterns. The kappa coefficient for this procedure was 0.82, indicating high interobserver reliability. Interestingly, six of these 12 categories were not observed in gestational week 10–11, whereas all 12 movement categories were present in gestational week 16–17. Importantly, the occurrence of early development of gross motor control in utero emerges in the presence of dynamic and interactive environmental factors, providing new insights into the fundamental aspects of developmental motor behavior in the growing infant.Highlights

We developed a system for real‐time monitoring of behavioral patterns of the gross motor movements with respect to the fetus' intrauterine orientation using a two‐step, non‐invasive observation protocol.
Our monitoring system allowed us to detect twelve separate categories of distinct behavioral patterns of the gross motor movements in gestational week 10–17.
Gross motor control develops in the early fetal period and is affected by the presence of dynamic and interactive environmental factors.
A simple method for preparation of pure 68Ga‐acetate precursor for formulation of radiopharmaceuticals: Physicochemical characteristics of the 68Ga eluate of the SnO2 based‐68Ge/68Ga column generator
Authors: Chattopadhyay Sankha , Alam Md. Neyar , Smita Madhu , Kumar Umesh , Das Sujata Saha , Barua Luna 
Published: December 2016

Gallium‐68 radioisotope is an excellent source in clinical positron emission tomography application due to its ease of availability from germanium‐68 (68Ge)/gallium‐68 (68Ga) generator having a shelf life of 1 year. In this paper, a modified method for purification of the primary eluate of 68Ge‐68Ga generator by using a small cation exchange resin (Dowex‐50) column has been described. The breakthrough of 68Ge before and after purification of 68Ga eluate was 0.014% and 0.00027%, respectively. The average recovery yield of 68Ga after purification was 84% ± 8.6% (SD, n = 335). The results of the physiochemical studies confirmed that the 68Ga‐acetate obtained is suitable for labeling of radiopharmaceuticals.
El Niño‐Southern Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole contribution to the zonal mean total ozone in the Northern Hemisphere
Authors: Krzyścin J. W. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTWe present the first analysis of the combined El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) contribution to the monthly zonal means of total ozone (TO3) in the Northern Hemisphere for the 1970–2015 period. The Solar Backscatter UV merged TO3 (version 8.6) data set is examined using the standard multiple regression model with new proposed regressors accounting for the impact of the strong ENSO and IOD effects on the zonal mean ozone. The new regressors are selected using the principal component analysis applied to the standard ENSO and IOD indices. The ENSO and IOD induce ±2% month‐to‐month TO3 oscillations in the equatorial‐, mid‐, and even in high latitudinal zones. Long‐term effects of ∼1% 10 year−1 are found. In autumn, a strong positive phase IOD is associated with ∼0.5% positive and ∼1.5% negative anomalies in the 30°–35°N and 65°–70°N regions, respectively. The IOD contribution to the zonal TO3 means is more pronounced than that of ENSO.