bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adherence and Quality of Life in Adult Patients With Haemophilia A, Haemophilia B and Von Willebrand Disease: A National Cross‐Sectional Survey
Authors: Clausen Cecilie Maria Lüthje , Funding Eva , Tolver Anders , Jarden Mary 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundNew treatments for patients with bleeding disorders (PWB) have emerged, including products with extended half‐life and subcutaneous administration. These less frequent treatments can potentially enhance quality of life (QoL), but adherence becomes critically important.AimTo investigate adherence and QoL among PWB and explore the correlation between treatment adherence and QoL in adult patients with haemophilia A (HA), haemophilia B (HB) and Von Willebrand disease (vWD) in Denmark.MethodThis survey used disease‐specific patient‐reported questionnaires: Veritas‐PRO and Veritas‐PRN to measure adherence, and Haemo‐A‐QoL and VWD‐QoL to assess QoL.ResultsResponses were obtained from 149 patients with HA, 32 with HB and 118 with vWD. Adherence was reported by 87.1% of patients on prophylaxis and 71.2% of patients treated on demand, according to Veritas‐PRO and Veritas‐PRN cut‐off scores. High QoL was generally reported, decreasing with age in HA and HB, but not in vWD.ConclusionDanish patients with HA, HB and vWD reported high QoL and high adherence to prescribed treatments. There was no correlation between treatment adherence and QoL among the different patient groups. These findings highlight the need for further research to better understand adherence behaviours and identify opportunities to further improve QoL in PWB.
Pre‐hospital transdermal glyceryl trinitrate for transient ischaemic attack: Data from the RIGHT‐2 trial
Authors: Appleton Jason P. , Dixon Mark , Woodhouse Lisa J. , Anderson Craig S. , Ankolekar Sandeep , Cala Lesley , England Timothy J. , Godolphin Peter J. , Krishnan Kailash , Mair Grant , Muir Keith W. , Potter John , Price Chris I. , Randall Marc , Robinson Thompson G. , Roffe Christine , Rothwell Peter M. , Sandset Else Charlotte , Saver Jeffrey L. , Siriwardena A. Niroshan , Wardlaw Joanna M. , Sprigg Nikola , Bath Philip M. ,   the RIGHT‐2 Investigators
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeAmbulance trials assessing interventions in suspected stroke patients will recruit patients with currently active symptoms that will resolve into transient ischaemic attack (TIA). The safety and efficacy of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) in the pre‐specified subgroup of patients with TIA in the Rapid Intervention with Glyceryl Trinitrate in Hypertensive Stroke Trial 2 (RIGHT‐2) was assessed.MethodsRIGHT‐2 was a pre‐hospital‐initiated multicentre randomized sham‐controlled blinded‐endpoint trial that randomized patients with presumed ultra‐acute stroke within 4 h of symptom onset to transdermal GTN or sham. Final diagnosis was determined by site investigators. The primary outcome was a shift in modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days analysed using ordinal logistic regression reported as adjusted common odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Secondary outcomes included death or dependence (mRS >2).ResultsIn all, 109 of 1149 (9.5%) patients had a final diagnosis of TIA (GTN 57, sham 52) with mean age 73 (SD 13) years, 19 (17.4%) had pre‐morbid mRS >2, and onset to randomization was 80 min (interquartile range 49, 105). GTN lowered blood pressure by 7.4/5.2 mmHg compared with sham by hospital arrival. At day 90, GTN had no effect on shift in mRS scores (common odds ratio for increased dependence 1.47, 95% CI 0.70–3.11) but was associated with increased death or dependence (mRS >2): GTN 29 (51.8%) versus sham 23 (46.9%), odds ratio 3.86 (95% CI 1.09–13.59).ConclusionsPre‐hospital ultra‐acute transdermal GTN did not improve overall functional outcome in patients with investigator‐diagnosed TIA compared with sham treatment.
Effect of propolis added to single‐bottle adhesives on water permeation through the hybrid layer
Authors: da Rocha Lucineide Silva , de Oliveira Daniela Ferreira , de Lima Cinthya Luna Veloso , do Nascimento Ticiano Gomes , de Freitas Johnnatan Duarte , de Freitas Jeniffer Mclaine Duarte , Porto Isabel Cristina Celerino de Moraes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWater treeing and water droplets are observed within adhesive layers and on the hybridized surface after bonding sound dentin using single‐bottle etch‐and‐rinse adhesives, indicating permeability of the hybrid layer to water. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of dentin sealing by adhesives containing propolis by quantifying the area of water transudation from dentinal tubules after dentin hybridization. Brazilian red propolis was added to experimental adhesive and Single Bond (3M/ESPE) adhesive; experimental adhesive and Single Bond without propolis were used as controls. Under simulated pulp pressure, two layers of adhesive were applied to etched human dentin discs. Three minutes after light‐curing, the hybridized dentin surface was replicated, and epoxy resin replicas were created to obtain scanning electron microscope images. Data were evaluated using ANOVA and Tukey's test. Single Bond containing propolis significantly decreased water permeation through the hybrid layer compared with the control group. Three minutes after polymerization, the experimental adhesive without propolis had formed a permeable hybrid layer. The addition of Brazilian red propolis significantly reduced surface water on hybridized dentin in a concentration‐dependent manner. Two‐step etch‐and‐rinse adhesives containing propolis were effective in reducing water permeation through the hybridized dentin surface.
Managerial incentives and earnings management: Insights from union certification elections
Authors: Zhang Yue 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines how unionization affects firms' financial reporting. Using a regression discontinuity design, we compare practices of firms narrowly winning and losing union certification elections. We find that winning firms depress earnings significantly more by inflating discretionary expenses, particularly research and development expenses, to strengthen their bargaining positions with workers. We further show that this manipulation aligns with managers' financial incentives, career motives, and entrenchment levels. The paper highlights managers' strategic use of real earnings management in worker negotiations and provides causal evidence on how the dynamic relationships among managers, shareholders, and workers shapes firms' financial reporting.
Computed tomography of the equine caudal spine and pelvis: Technique, image quality and anatomical variation in 56 clinical cases (2018–2023)
Authors: Ogden Nadine Kristina Elise , Winderickx Katja , Bennell Alison , Stack John David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCross‐sectional imaging improves the diagnostic accuracy of complex anatomical regions. Computed tomography (CT) of the pelvis and caudal spine in a large group of live horses and ponies has not been previously reported.ObjectiveTo describe the procedure for acquiring CT images of horses' caudal spine/pelvis under general anaesthesia (GA) and to detail the image quality, artefacts and anatomical variations in this region.Study designRetrospective case series.MethodsHorses with CT of the caudal spine/pelvis were included. Horses under 6 months and CT examination performed post‐mortem were excluded. Protocols, image quality, region of interest, anatomical features and morbidities were analysed.ResultsFifty‐six horses (8 months to 20 years, 85–680 kg) met the inclusion criteria. GA ranged from 10 to 60 min (mean: 30, median: 32). There were no adverse events recorded in any of the horses associated with the procedure. Images of all horses were considered of diagnostic quality. Anatomical variations were common and included the location of diverging (widest) interspinous space, the presence of spina bifida in the lumbar and sacral spine, the shape of the last lumbar vertebra and the location of intertransverse joints in terms of where they were present and the degree of fusion/modelling.Main limitationsNot all horses underwent CT examination of the same regions, the upper size limit of horses is unknown and will vary depending on bore size and table infrastructure. Image noise, particularly in large horses and beam hardening artefacts from hardware and pelvis degraded image quality. Images were of insufficient quality in large horses for soft tissue interpretation.ConclusionCT of the caudal spine and pelvis in live horses with wide‐bore CT machines and modified patient infrastructure was safe and produced diagnostic images.
Linked Data‐Driven, Physics‐Based Modeling of Pumping‐Induced Subsidence with Application to Bangkok, Thailand
Authors: Soonthornrangsan Jenny T. , Bakker Mark , Vossepoel Femke C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch into land subsidence caused by groundwater withdrawal is hindered by the availability of measured heads, subsidence, and forcings. In this paper, a parsimonious, linked data‐driven and physics‐based approach is introduced to simulate pumping‐induced subsidence; the approach is intended to be applied at observation well nests. Time series analysis using response functions is applied to simulate heads in aquifers. The heads in the clay layers are simulated with a one‐dimensional diffusion model, using the heads in the aquifers as boundary conditions. Finally, simulated heads in the layers are used to model land subsidence. The developed approach is applied to the city of Bangkok, Thailand, where relatively short time series of head and subsidence measurements are available at or near 23 well nests; an estimate of basin‐wide pumping is available for a longer period. Despite the data scarcity, data‐driven time series models at observation wells successfully simulate groundwater dynamics in aquifers with an average root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.8 m, relative to an average total range of 21 m. Simulated subsidence matches sparse (and sometimes very noisy) land subsidence measurements reasonably well with an average RMSE of 1.6 cm/year, relative to an average total range of 5.4 cm/year. Performance is not good at eight out of 23 locations, most likely because basin‐wide pumping is not representative of localized pumping. Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of a parsimonious, linked data‐driven, and physics‐based approach to model pumping‐induced subsidence in areas with limited data.
High‐temperature thermal conductivity measurement of porous ceramic coatings with a high heat flux CO2 laser rig
Authors: Zhao Lei , Hsu Pei‐Feng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractYttrium‐stabilized zirconia (YSZ) plays a crucial role in thermal barrier coatings widely used to protect metallic components in gas turbine engines against high‐temperature combustion product gases and harsh environments. The thermal conductivity of these coatings is a critical parameter influencing the gas turbine design, performance, and service life. In this study, a laser temperature gradient method is utilized to measure the thermal conductivity of porous YSZ coatings. The method employs specialized laser energy delivery to create a one‐dimensional temperature gradient through the sample thickness, closely simulating the operational condition. This approach provides an effective, direct means to determine the thermal conductivity of high‐temperature heat‐resistant porous ceramic materials.
Current Diagnosis of Bleeding Disorders in Lower Income Countries
Authors: Mishra Deepak K. , Rath Asish , Parihar Mayur , Vinarkar Sushant S. , Kundu Anirban 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThere have been considerable advances in diagnosing and treating bleeding disorders. But the scenario remains dismal in resource‐constrained settings in low and lower‐middle‐income countries (LMICs). Seventy‐five percent of the patients with inherited bleeding disorders do not get diagnosed in LMICs. In resource‐constrained settings, infectious disease and malignancies take the major focus. Bleeding disorders do not get prioritised in LMICs, and this leads to underdiagnoses and suboptimal treatment. There are various challenges like financial status, inadequacy of health care infrastructure, lack of patient registry and lack of awareness across medical staff, general population and government stakeholders. The lack of skilled laboratory personnel and laboratory infrastructure for optimal bleeding disorder diagnosis adds on to the problem. World Federation of Hemophilia (WFH) has been at the forefront in developing strategies to overcome some of these inadequacies; however, more active participation of the stakeholders including patients, medical professionals and policy makers is the need of the hour. This review highlights the different challenges in LMICs in diagnosing bleeding disorders, the gap between high‐income countries and LMICs and the possible strategies in closing the gap.
Thermal properties of mullite‐type SnAlBO4 and SnGaBO4
Authors: Wittmann Sarah , Murshed M. Mangir , Ghosh Kowsik , Koldemir Aylin , Pöttgen Rainer , Mendive Cecilia B. , Gesing Thorsten M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report on temperature‐dependent structural and spectroscopic properties of two new members of the mullite‐type ceramics SnAlBO4 and SnGaBO4. In‐situ X‐ray powder diffraction (XRPD) demonstrates positive thermal expansion behavior for all orthorhombic lattice parameters between 13 and 840 K. The lattice thermal expansion is modeled by Grüneisen first‐order approximation, where the vibrational energy is calculated by the Debye–Einstein–anharmonicity (DEA) approach. Although the thermal changes of the metric parameters do not show any discontinuity, the double‐Debye model and low‐temperature thermal analysis leave hints for subtle displacive changes. Splitting of the tin‐doublets of the 119Sn Mössbauer spectra at low temperature is assumed to be associated with structural modulation although the temperature‐dependent Raman spectra could not support these findings. The modulation could either be dynamic which requires much longer thermal equilibration than the speed of the data collection for XRPD and Raman spectroscopy. Selective Raman mode frequencies are analyzed using a modified Klemens model, which helps to understand the thermal anharmonic behaviors of the SnO4, MO6, and BO3 polyhedra as a function of temperature.
Densification, deformation, and delamination during co‐sintering process of metal–ceramic laminates
Authors: Liu Chao , Deng Yuanbin , Gruner Daniel , Kaletsch Anke , Gestrich Tim , Broeckmann Christoph 
Published: October 2024

AbstractToday, there is a high demand and increasing trend for multifunctional composite materials and components due to the combination of a wide range of favorable properties. However, undesired deformation leading to delamination, curvature, cracks, or even complete fracture frequently occurs during the co‐sintering process of metal–ceramic laminates (MCLs). To solve these issues, experimental work highly relies on the time‐consuming trial‐and‐error principle. This work aims to develop a thermo‐mechanical‐metallurgical model capable of predicting the densification, deformation, and delamination of MCLs during the co‐sintering process. It is found that the developed model successfully considers the inhomogeneous relative density distribution and phase transformation of the steel tape. In addition, a thin interlayer formed by a mixed slurry in the MCLs is modeled as cohesive elements to simulate the delamination process. The developed model is systematically validated by the experimental measurements and observations in terms of densification, deformation, and delamination during the co‐sintering process of the investigated laminate variants.
Innovative sample preparation using alcohol dehydration and high refractive index medium enables acquisition of two‐channel super‐resolution 3D STED image of an entire oocyte
Authors: Frolikova Michaela , Blazikova Michaela , Capek Martin , Chmelova Helena , Valecka Jan , Kolackova Veronika , Valaskova Eliska , Gregor Martin , Komrskova Katerina , Horvath Ondrej , Novotny Ivan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSuper‐resolution (SR) microscopy is a cutting‐edge method that can provide detailed structural information with high resolution. However, the thickness of the specimen has been a major limitation for SR methods, and large biological structures have posed a challenge. To overcome this, the key step is to optimise sample preparation to ensure optical homogeneity and clarity, which can enhance the capabilities of SR methods for the acquisition of thicker structures.Oocytes are the largest cells in the mammalian body and are crucial objects in reproductive biology. They are especially useful for studying membrane proteins. However, oocytes are extremely fragile and sensitive to mechanical manipulation and osmotic shocks, making sample preparation a critical and challenging step.We present an innovative, simple and sensitive approach to oocyte sample preparation for 3D STED acquisition. This involves alcohol dehydration and mounting into a high refractive index medium. This extended preparation procedure allowed us to successfully obtain a unique two‐channel 3D STED SR image of an entire mouse oocyte. By optimising sample preparation, it is possible to overcome current limitations of SR methods and obtain high‐resolution images of large biological structures, such as oocytes, in order to study fundamental biological processes.Lay Abstract: Super‐resolution (SR) microscopy is a cutting‐edge tool that allows scientists to view incredibly fine details in biological samples. However, it struggles with larger, thicker specimens, as they need to be optically clear and uniform for the best imaging results. In this study, we refined the sample preparation process to make it more suitable for SR microscopy. Our method includes carefully dehydrating biological samples with alcohol and then transferring them into a mounting medium that enhances optical clarity. This improved protocol enables high‐resolution imaging of thick biological structures, which was previously challenging. By optimizing this preparation method, we hope to expand the use of SR microscopy for studying large biological samples, helping scientists better understand complex biological structures.
Utility Tokens as a Commitment to Competition
Authors: GOLDSTEIN ITAY , GUPTA DEEKSHA , SVERCHKOV RUSLAN 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe show that utility tokens can limit the rent‐seeking activities of two‐sided platforms with market power while preserving efficiency gains due to network effects. We model platforms where buyers and sellers can meet to exchange services. Tokens serve as the sole medium of exchange on a platform and can be traded in a secondary market. Tokenizing a platform commits a firm to give up monopolistic rents associated with the control of the platform, leading to long‐run competitive prices. We show how the threat of entrants can incentivize developers to tokenize and discuss cases where regulation is needed to enforce tokenization.
LncRNA LINC00261 associates with chemoresistance and clinical prognosis in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Tian Mei‐Ling , Li Bin , Li Yan , Fan Hong‐Wei , Du Nai‐Yi , Kang Shan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this experiment is to explore the role of long intergenic noncoding RNA 261 (LINC00261) gene in the chemoresistance and clinical prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).MethodsWe used matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometry to detect the methylation levels of the LINC00261 promoter region in EOC patient specimens. The expression levels of LINC00261, miR‐545‐3p, and MT1M in EOC patients were evaluated by quantitative real‐time reverse transcriptase PCR (RT‐qPCR). Spearman's correlation analysis was used for relevance analyses and clinical prognosis was counted by Kaplan–Meier analysis. Stable overexpressed LINC00261 SKOV3 cells were established to test the influence of LINC00261 on proliferation, platinum sensitivity, migration, and invasion.ResultsThe promoter region methylation level of the LINC00261 was hypermethylated and LINC00261 was significantly downregulated in platinum‐resistant EOC tissues. The methylation level of LINC00261was significantly negative correlated with its RNA expression in EOC. Moreover, hypermethylation and lower expression of LINC00261 in EOC patients were related to shorter progression‐free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Furthermore, Spearman's correlation analysis showed that the expression of miR‐545‐3p had a negative relevance with LINC00261. According to the website prediction, MT1M might be the downstream target gene of LINC00261. Expression of MT1M was negatively correlated with miR‐545‐3p and positively with LINC00261 in EOC tissues. And lower MT1M mRNA expression was correlated with chemotherapy resistance and worse prognosis. In vitro, overexpression of LINC00261 could inhibit cisplatin resistance, proliferation, and suppression of migration and invasion in SKOV3 cells.ConclusionsThis research indicates that the aberrant hypermethylation and low expression of LINC00261 were associated with platinum resistance and adverse outcomes in EOC patients.
Is early pregnancy hemoglobin A1c useful to predict gestational diabetes mellitus diagnosed during mid pregnancy?
Authors: Nakanishi Sayuri , Aoki Shigeru , Iwama Noriyuki , Yasuhi Ichiro , Sugiyama Takashi , Miyakoshi Kei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimsTo verify whether hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in early pregnancy can predict the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in mid‐pregnancy.Materials and MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study of 2008 pregnant women who delivered singletons at the Yokohama City university Medical Center. Concomitant or history of diabetes mellitus and overt diabetes in pregnancy were excluded. Pregnant women at high risk for GDM underwent a one‐step 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) during mid‐pregnancy. For other pregnant women, GDM was diagnosed by a two‐step 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) when the 50‐g glucose challenge test result in mid‐pregnancy was ≥140 mg/dL. The thresholds for 75‐g OGTT followed those of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group (IADPSG) criteria (92‐180‐153 mg/dL). The relationship between HbA1c level measured at <20 weeks of gestation and GDM diagnosis at mid pregnancy was assessed using a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC); area under the curve (AUC) and optimal cutoff value of HbA1c, predictive of GDM were calculated.ResultsThe median HbA1c level at <20 weeks of gestation was 5.3%, and 8.5% of women were diagnosed with GDM. In the ROC curve of the GDM diagnosis rate by HbA1c level, AUC was 0.706, and the optimal cutoff value was 5.4%, with a sensitivity of 0.6176, specificity of 0.6834, positive predictive value of 15.4%, and negative predictive value of 95.1%.ConclusionsAlthough HbA1c at less than 20 weeks of gestation is acceptable discrimination as a diagnostic tool of GDM in mid‐pregnancy, it is not clinically useful to predict GDM in mid‐pregnancy.