bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ephrin‐B2 prevents N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antibody effects on memory and neuroplasticity
Authors: Planagumà Jesús , Haselmann Holger , Mannara Francesco , Petit‐Pedrol Mar , Grünewald Benedikt , Aguilar Esther , Röpke Luise , Martín‐García Elena , Titulaer Maarten J. , Jercog Pablo , Graus Francesc , Maldonado Rafael , Geis Christian , Dalmau Josep 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo demonstrate that ephrin‐B2 (the ligand of EphB2 receptor) antagonizes the pathogenic effects of patients' N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antibodies on memory and synaptic plasticity.MethodsOne hundred twenty‐two C57BL/6J mice infused with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients with anti‐NMDAR encephalitis or controls, with or without ephrin‐B2, were investigated. CSF was infused through ventricular catheters connected to subcutaneous osmotic pumps over 14 days. Memory, behavioral tasks, locomotor activity, presence of human antibodies specifically bound to hippocampal NMDAR, and antibody effects on the density of cell‐surface and synaptic NMDAR and EphB2 were examined at different time points using reported techniques. Short‐ and long‐term synaptic plasticity were determined in acute brain sections; the Schaffer collateral pathway was stimulated and the field excitatory postsynaptic potentials were recorded in the CA1 region of the hippocampus.ResultsMice infused with patients' CSF, but not control CSF, developed progressive memory deficit and depressive‐like behavior along with deposits of NMDAR antibodies in the hippocampus. These findings were associated with a decrease of the density of cell‐surface and synaptic NMDAR and EphB2, and marked impairment of long‐term synaptic plasticity without altering short‐term plasticity. Administration of ephrin‐B2 prevented the pathogenic effects of the antibodies in all the investigated paradigms assessing memory, depressive‐like behavior, density of cell‐surface and synaptic NMDAR and EphB2, and long‐term synaptic plasticity.InterpretationAdministration of ephrin‐B2 prevents the pathogenic effects of anti‐NMDAR encephalitis antibodies on memory and behavior, levels of cell‐surface NMDAR, and synaptic plasticity. These findings reveal a strategy beyond immunotherapy to antagonize patients' antibody effects. Ann Neurol 2016;80:388–400
Selektive Synthese teilgeschützter unsymmetrischer Biphenole durch reagens‐ und metallfreie anodische Kreuzkupplung
Authors: Wiebe Anton , Schollmeyer Dieter , Dyballa Katrin M. , Franke Robert , Waldvogel Siegfried R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractVorgestellt wird die oxidative Kreuzkupplung von Arenen ohne Abgangsfunktionalitäten oder Katalysatoren. Die selektive Synthese teilgeschützter unsymmetrischer 2,2′‐Biphenole gelang in hohen Ausbeuten an isoliertem Produkt mittels elektroorganischer Synthese. Der Einsatz von elektrischem Strom als Oxidationsmittel ist reagensfrei und verhindert somit die Bildung von Reagensabfällen. Das sichere Verfahren eignet sich für eine einfache ungeteilte Elektrolysezelle sowie für Reaktionen in großem Maßstab. Die Verwendung von O‐Silyl‐geschützten Phenolen resultiert sowohl in gesteigerten Ausbeuten als auch in erhöhten Selektivitäten bei der Synthese der unsymmetrischen 2,2′‐Biphenole. Die Nutzung sperriger Silylgruppen zum Schützen der OH‐Gruppe macht das Produkt weniger anfällig für Folgeoxidationen. Teilgeschützte 2,2′‐Biphenole sind vielseitige Ausgangsverbindungen, die üblicherweise nur aufwändig in geringen Ausbeuten zugänglich sind. Diese Synthesestrategie ermöglicht eine Vielzahl neuer Substratkombinationen für oxidative Kreuzkupplungen.
Pristinol, ein Sesquiterpen‐Alkohol mit ungewöhnlichem Gerüst aus Streptomyces pristinaespiralis
Authors: Klapschinski Tim A. , Rabe Patrick , Dickschat Jeroen S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractEine Terpencyclase aus Streptomyces pristinaespiralis wurde als (+)‐(2S,3S,9R)‐Pristinol‐Synthase charakterisiert. Die Struktur dieses Sesquiterpenalkohols mit einem neuen Gerüst wurde durch NMR‐Spektroskopie und monochromatische anomale Röntgendispersion aufgeklärt. Isotopenmarkierungsexperimente ermöglichten es, zwischen verschiedenen Cyclisierungsmechanismen der Terpencyclase zu unterscheiden und den EI‐MS‐Fragmentierungsmechanismus des Pristinols zu studieren.
Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and (Bio)Synthesis of Haprolid, a Cell‐Type‐Specific Myxobacterial Cytotoxin
Authors: Steinmetz Heinrich , Li Jun , Fu Chengzhang , Zaburannyi Nestor , Kunze Birgitte , Harmrolfs Kirsten , Schmitt Viktoria , Herrmann Jennifer , Reichenbach Hans , Höfle Gerhard , Kalesse Markus , Müller Rolf 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMyxobacteria are well‐established sources for novel natural products exhibiting intriguing bioactivities. We here report on haprolid (1) isolated from Byssovorax cruenta Har1. The compound exhibits an unprecedented macrolactone comprising four modified amino acids and a polyketide fragment. As configurational assignment proved difficult, a bioinformatic analysis of the biosynthetic gene cluster was chosen to predict the configuration of each stereocenter. In‐depth analysis of the corresponding biosynthetic proteins established a hybrid polyketide synthase/nonribosomal peptide synthetase origin of haprolid and allowed for stereochemical assignments. A subsequent total synthesis yielded haprolid and corroborated all predictions made. Intriguingly, haprolid showed cytotoxicity against several cell lines in the nanomolar range whereas other cells were almost unaffected by treatment with the compound.
The Cole–Cole plot for cure: The cure and reversion of natural rubber
Authors: Willoughby Bryan G. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTCure rheometry is routinely used in the rubber industry for processability assessment and cure‐time determination. This article examines these rheological outputs in Cole–Cole format to explore what new insights can be gained from this alternative data plot. It differs from the conventional Cole–Cole treatment in its application to a reacting system. The plots described here are therefore of G″(t) vs. G′(t). Initially some attention is directed to the basics of the Cole–Cole treatment and the likely features to be expected when applied to systems undergoing both cure and reversion. This article goes on to consider examples of both by studying a natural rubber vulcanization at temperatures of 160 °C and above. Through the Cole–Cole approach, it is thought possible to identify the competition between intermolecular and intramolecular sulfurization, and between crosslink and main‐chain scission. The approach offers considerable potential to expand the capabilities of cure rheometry. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44085.
Microscopic insight into the DNA condensation process of a zwitterion‐functionalized polycation
Authors: Sun Hui , Zhou Li , Chen Xiaolu , Han Xia , Wang Rui , Liu Honglai 
Published: July 2016

AbstractZwitterion‐functionalized polycations are ideal gene carriers with long circulation, high cellular uptaking and low cell viability. However, the trade‐off between the DNA condensation efficiency and the cell viability must be addressed. The purpose of this study is to provide a microscopic insight into the DNA condensation process and to explore the effect of a zwitterionic block of zwitterion‐functionalized polycation, which is of great significance in designing novel gene delivery systems. Poly[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate‐b‐(sulfobetaine methacrylate)] (PDMAEMA‐b‐PSBMA) copolymers were synthesized and used as the model systems. Different from the conventional concept that the PSBMA zwitterionic block act only as the “stealthy” groups, the subtle differences in physical and colloidal characteristics between the polycation/DNA polyplexes show that the PSBMA segment is capable of wrapping DNA attributed to the quaternary ammonium cations, without compromising the DNA condensation capability. On the other hand, the incorporation of PSBMA block reduces the surface charge of the polyplexes, which substantially result in the inefficient transfection and the reduced cytotoxicity.
Discovery, isolation, and structural characterization of cyclotides from Viola sumatrana Miq
Authors: Niyomploy Ploypat , Chan Lai Yue , Poth Aaron G. , Colgrave Michelle L. , Sangvanich Polkit , Craik David J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractCyclotides are cyclic peptides from plants in the Violaceae, Rubiaceae, Fabaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Solanaceae families. They are sparsely distributed in most of these families, but appear to be ubiquitous in the Violaceae, having been found in every plant so far screened from this family. However, not all geographic regions have been examined and here we report the discovery of cyclotides from a Viola species from South‐East Asia. Two novel cyclotides (Visu 1 and Visu 2) and two known cyclotides (kalata S and kalata B1) were identified in V. sumatrana. NMR studies revealed that kalata S and kalata B1 had similar secondary structures. Their biological activities were determined in cytotoxicity assays; both had similar cytotoxic activity and were more toxic to U87 cells compared with other cell lines. Overall, the study strongly supports the ubiquity of cyclotides in the Violaceae and adds to our understanding of their distribution and cytotoxic activity.
Fast‐track endovascular aortic repair: Interim report from the prospective LIFE registry
Authors: Krajcer Zvonimir , Ramaiah Venkatesh G. , Huetter Meredith , Miller Larry E. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo assess the feasibility, safety, and clinical utility of a fast‐track endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) protocol.BackgroundDespite recent advances in EVAR technology and techniques, considerable opportunity exists to further improve EVAR efficiency and outcomes.MethodsEligible patients underwent elective EVAR with the Ovation Prime stent graft. Successful completion of the fast‐track protocol required bilateral percutaneous access, avoidance of general anesthesia and intensive care unit admission, and next‐day discharge. Patients were followed through 1‐month post‐treatment.ResultsBetween October 2014 and September 2015, 129 patients were enrolled in the study. Vascular access, stent graft delivery, and stent graft deployment were successful in all patients. The fast‐track EVAR protocol was successfully completed in 114 (88%) patients. Bilateral percutaneous access was achieved in 97% of cases. Comparing patients who completed fast‐track requirements to those who failed at least one component, procedure time was 86 vs. 122 min, use of general anesthesia was 0% vs. 20%, need for intensive care unit stay was 0% vs. 13%, hospital stay was 1.1 vs. 2.1 days, and postoperative groin pain severity (0–10 scale) was 1.2 vs. 4.0. No type I or III endoleaks, serious device‐related adverse events, AAA ruptures, surgical conversions, or AAA‐related secondary procedures were reported. One (0.9%) patient in the fast‐track group died from acute respiratory failure.ConclusionsInitial results from the LIFE study are encouraging and suggest that a fast‐track protocol is feasible, safe, and may improve efficiency of healthcare resource allocation in select patients undergoing EVAR. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The first clinical experience with a novel directional coronary atherectomy catheter: Preliminary Japanese multicenter experience
Authors: Habara Maoto , Tsuchikane Etsuo , Nasu Kenya , Kinoshita Yoshihisa , Yaguchi Tomonori , Suzuki Yoriyasu , Matsuo Hitoshi , Terashima Mitsuyasu , Matsubara Tetsuo , Suzuki Takahiko 
Published: July 2016

AimsDespite development of drug eluting stents (DES), percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for bifurcation lesions using DES alone remains challenging. The aim of this study was to report on the initial clinical experience with a novel directional coronary atherectomy (DCA) catheter.Methods and ResultsPatients with de novo bifurcation lesions were entered into a prospective registry and a novel DCA catheter was used. Device, procedural success and in‐hospital outcomes were evaluated. A total of 14 patients with bifurcation lesions were enrolled. DCA was performed successfully in all cases without any major procedure‐related events (device success rate: 100%, procedural success rate: 100%). Four patients (29%) were treated without stent implantation and simple stenting was achieved in the other 10 patients. No in‐hospital major adverse cardiac event was observed.ConclusionsPCI with a novel DCA catheter for bifurcation lesions may be safe and effective. The clinical significance of these findings needs to be determined in future studies. This study was performed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel directional coronary atherectomy catheter for bifurcation lesions. Both the device and procedural success rates were 100%. Complex stenting could be avoided in all cases. No inhospital major adverse cardiac event was observed. The novel directional coronary atherectomy catheter may be safe and effective for bifurcation lesions, even in this drug eluting stent era. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
How to prevent and treat complications of the retrograde approach to chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Danek Barbara Anna , Brilakis Emmanouil S. 
Published: July 2016

Key Points

The retrograde approach is important for achieving high success rates in chronic total occlusion percutaneous coronary intervention.
Operators must be aware of complications that can occur during retrograde CTO PCI; they must continually try to prevent them and be ready to treat them, if they occur.
Systematic, prospective study of complications in CTO PCI is needed for the development of additional preventive and treatment strategies.
End of the bare metal stent era?
Authors: Hillegass William B. 
Published: July 2016

Key Points

Second‐generation drug eluting stents (2g‐DES) have lower rates of stent thrombosis (ST) than bare metal stents (BMS).
Second‐generation DES have exceedingly low rates of very late ST, significantly improving on first‐generation drug eluting stents (1g‐DES) and similar to BMS.
Emerging drug‐coated stent (DCS) technology appears superior to BMS in patients unable to tolerate prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT).
Advanced data analysis and process monitoring across manufacturing plants using multilevel methods
Authors: de Noord Onno E. 
Published: July 2016

Three‐level versions of Multilevel Simultaneous Component Analysis (MLSCA) and Multilevel Partial Least Squares (MLPLS) were developed, which are capable of separating between‐plant, between‐run and within‐run process variation, and modeling these three levels in a multivariate way. In comparison to the two‐level versions they allow to discriminate between overall differences between plants and the variation between runs within a plant. It was shown that the three‐level version of MLSCA has clear added value for the analysis of process runs from different plants. In MLPLS other projections of the multivariate data onto latent variables and different views of the data are obtained when relevant Y information is available. This has clear added value for obtaining insight into the relation between process data and Y. A special use of MLPLS is to diagnose aberrations in first principles models.In batch process monitoring MLSCA at three levels allows simultaneous multivariate modelling of batch data from different manufacturing plants. By filtering out the between‐plant and between‐run sources of variation, and using only within‐run variation, monitoring models can be improved. Using within‐run data, it is possible to build monitoring models across manufacturing units and reduce the number of nuisance alarms, while improving abnormal situation detection and diagnosis. Model transfer is only possible if static between‐plant differences exist, but not if there are dynamic differences.
Reaction Mechanism of the Hydrogermylation/Hydrostannylation of Unactivated Alkenes with Two‐Coordinate EII Hydrides (E=Ge, Sn): A Theoretical Study
Authors: Zhao Lili , Hermann Markus , Jones Cameron , Frenking Gernot 
Published: July 2016

AbstractQuantum chemical calculations using density functional theory with the TPSS+D3(BJ) and M06‐2X+D3(ABC) functionals have been carried out to understand the mechanisms of catalyst‐free hydrogermylation/hydrostannylation reactions between the two‐coordinate hydrido‐tetrylenes :E(H)(L+) (E=Ge or Sn, L+=N(Ar+)(SiiPr3); Ar+=C6H2{C(H)Ph2}2iPr‐2,6,4) and a range of unactivated terminal (C2H3R, R=H, Ph, or tBu) and cyclic [(CH)2(CH2)2(CH2)n, n=1, 2, or 4] alkenes. The calculations suggest that the addition reactions of the germylenes and stannylenes to the cyclic and acyclic alkenes occur as one‐step processes through formal [2+2] addition of the E−H fragment across the C−C π bond. The reactions have moderate barriers and are weakly exergonic. The steric bulk of the tetrylene amido groups has little influence on the activation barriers and on the reaction energies of the anti‐Markovnikov pathway, but the Markovnikov addition is clearly disfavored by the size of the substituents. The addition of the tetrylenes to the cyclic alkenes is less exergonic than the addition to the terminal alkenes, which agrees with the experimentally observed reversibility of the former reactions. The hydrogermylation reactions have lower activation energies and are more exergonic than the stannylene addition. An energy decomposition analysis of the transition state for the hydrogermylation of cyclohexene shows that the reaction takes place with simultaneous formation of the Ge−C and (Ge)H−C′ bonds. The dominant orbitals of the germylene are the σ‐type lone pair MO of Ge, which serves as a donor orbital, and the vacant p(π) MO of Ge, which acts as acceptor orbital for the π* and π MOs of the olefin. Inspection of the transition states of some selected reactions suggests that the differences between the activation energies come from a delicate balance between the deformation energies of the interacting species and their interaction energies.
Orthogonal Click Conjugation to the Liposomal Surface Reveals the Stability of the Lipid Anchorage as Crucial for Targeting
Authors: Fritz Thomas , Voigt Matthias , Worm Matthias , Negwer Inka , Müller Sophie S. , Kettenbach Kathrin , Ross Tobias L. , Roesch Frank , Koynov Kaloian , Frey Holger , Helm Mark 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSynthetic access to multiple surface decorations are a bottleneck in the development of liposomes for receptor mediated targeting. This opens a complex multiparameter space, exploration of which is severely limited in terms of sample numbers and turnaround times. Here, we unlock this technological barrier by a combination of a milligram‐scale liposome formulation using dual centrifugation and orthogonal click chemistry on the liposomal surface. Application of these techniques to conceptually new amphiphilic compounds, which feature norbornene and alkyne groups at the apex of sterically stabilizing, hyperbranched polyglycerol moieties, revealed a particular influence of the membrane anchor of functional amphiphiles. Folic acid residues clicked to cholesterol‐based amphiphiles were inefficient in folate‐mediated cell targeting, while dialkyl‐anchored amphiphiles remained stable in the liposomal membrane and imparted efficient targeting properties. These findings are of specific importance considering the popularity of cholesterol as a lipophilic anchor.
Characterization of a Crosslinked Elastomeric‐Protein Inspired Polypeptide
Authors: Bochicchio Brigida , Bracalello Angelo , Pepe Antonietta 
Published: July 2016

AbstractMaterials inspired by natural proteins have a great appeal in tissue engineering for their biocompatibility and similarity to extracellular matrix (ECM). Chimeric polypeptides inspired by elastomeric proteins such as silk, elastin, and collagen are of outstanding interest in the field. A recombinant polypeptide constituted of three different blocks, each of them having sequences derived from elastin, resilin, and collagen proteins, was demonstrated to be a good candidate as biomaterial for its self‐assembling characteristics and biocompatibility. Herein, taking advantage of the primary amine functionalities present in the linear polypeptide, we crosslinked it with 1,6‐hexamethylene‐diisocyanate (HMDI). The characterization of the obtained polypeptide was realized by CD spectroscopy, AFM, and SEM microscopies. The obtained results, although not conclusive, demonstrate that the crosslinked polypeptide gave rise to porous networks, thin nanowires, and films not observable for the linear polypeptide. Chirality 28:606–611, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ansätze zur numerischen Berechnung von Brandeinwirkungen auf Bauteile
Authors: Kaudelka Sven , Knaust Christian , Krause Ulrich 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBei der Erstellung von brandschutztechnischen Nachweisen für Industriebauten werden häufig Ingenieurmethoden des Brandschutzes genutzt. Dazu zählen die Modellierung und Berechnung von Brandszenarien mittels numerischer Strömungsmechanik (computational fluid dynamics, CFD). In dieser Arbeit wurde ein auf numerischer Strömungs‐ und Strukturmechanik basierendes Verfahren zur brandschutztechnischen Bemessung von Bauteilen am Beispiel einer Industriehalle angewendet. Instationäre Temperaturverläufe aus der Heißgasschicht dienten dabei als Eingangswerte für die Bauteilberechnung. Aus den Ergebnissen wurde die äquivalente Branddauer berechnet, mit der die rechnerisch erforderlichen Feuerwiderstandsdauern der Bauteile bestimmt werden konnte.
Does corporate diversification create value in emerging markets? New evidence from Chile
Authors: Espinosa Christian , Jara Mauricio , Maquieira Carlos , Vieito João Paulo 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUsing a sample of 85 Chilean firms listed in the Santiago Stock Exchange from 2005 to 2013, we analyze the impact of corporate diversification on firm value. We consider voting rights of the main shareholder and institutional investors’ influence on firm value. We report firm‐value destruction for diversified firms. Regarding ownership concentration, we report a negative relation between the largest shareholder ownership and firm value. Separation between voting rights and cash flows rights of this shareholder is negatively related to firm value. While Pension Fund Administrators (AFP) mitigate firm value destruction in diversified firms, other institutional investors do not play an active role in controlling value destruction. Finally, if the largest owner is a family, we report firm‐value creation in diversified firms. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Benzodithiophene‐Based Fluorescence Probe for Rapid Detection of Fluoride Ion
Authors: Tan Wenbin , Leng Taohua , Lai Guoqiao , Li Zhifang , Wu Jiefei , Shen Yongjia , Wang Chengyun 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA novel and simple fluorescence probe was synthesized from benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene (BDT) and trimethylsilylethyne via Sonogashira reaction, and showed highly selective and sensitive fluorescence decreasing response towards F−. The probe molecule turned to a weakly fluorescent terminal alkyne moiety because its trimethylsilyl (TMS) group was cleaved by fluoride, which was proved by 1H NMR titration. Whereas no distinct fluorescent changes were observed with the addition of other anions, such as Cl−, Br−, I−, AcO− and H2PO4−. Upon the addition of F−, the maximum fluorescence emission wavelength shifted from 460 nm to 450 nm with a decrease of fluorescence intensity by 40% within 20 s. Moreover, the detection limit towards F− was calculated to be as low as 73.5 nmol/L.