bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Telemedicine untuk Peningkatan Diagnosis Pneumonia Anak di Daerah Terpencil
Authors: Atnang Muhammad , Samsidar  , Mustamin Syaiful Bachri 
Published: February 2025

Perkembangan teknologi dewasa ini yang dibarengi oleh keberanian tenaga kesehatan komunitas bersatu untuk menaklukkan tantangan kesehatan global. Penelitian terbaru membuka tabir bagaimana telehealth bukan lagi sekadar angan-angan, melainkan solusi nyata untuk pendidikan medis yang merata. Dengan video konferensi dan program seperti Project ECHO, pelatihan berkualitas kini menjangkau para pahlawan medis di pelosok negeri, menghilangkan batasan geografis. Lebih dari itu, tenaga kesehatan komunitas (CLHW) tampil sebagai pejuang garis depan dalam perang melawan pneumonia. Mereka tidak hanya cakap memberikan amoksisilin oral, tetapi juga terampil menggunakan pulse oximetry, memastikan setiap anak dan bayi mendapatkan penanganan yang tepat waktu. Ini bukan lagi sekadar teori, melainkan bukti nyata bahwa perawatan kesehatan bisa diakses bahkan di daerah terpencil. Namun, ada raksasa ekonomi yang harus kita hadapi, yaitu biaya rawat inap pneumonia yang mencengangkan. Data di Inggris menunjukkan angka £731 juta per tahun, dan ini mungkin baru puncak gunung es. Di sisi lain, secercah harapan muncul dari Yordania, di mana masyarakat semakin menerima telemedicine, terutama mereka yang berpendidikan dan melek teknologi. Ini adalah panggilan bagi kita untuk memanfaatkan teknologi sebagai jembatan menuju layanan kesehatan yang lebih adil dan terjangkau. Temuan ini bukan hanya data, melainkan inspirasi untuk perubahan yang lebih baik.
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury in Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Inpatients: Clinical Correlates and Hematological Findings
Authors: Okuyucu Merve , Tural Hesapçıoğlu Selma , Ceylan Mehmet , Hacıosmanoğlu Cafer Doğan , Kanoğlu Yüksekkaya Seda 
Published: February 2025

Objective: Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a prevalent concern in child and adolescent psychiatry, often serving as a maladaptive coping mechanism. Despite its frequent occurrence in psychiatric inpatient settings, limited research has examined its clinical and biological correlates, particularly hematological parameters. This study investigates the prevalence of NSSI, its psychiatric and sociodemographic associations, and hematological parameters in a psychiatric inpatient population. Method: This study included psychiatric inpatients aged 10–18 years. Psychiatric evaluations were conducted using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL-DSM-5). Participants were classified into NSSI and non-NSSI groups.. Results: NSSI was observed among hospitalized adolescents, with self-cutting as the most frequent method. The primary motivations were distress (63.9%) and coping with difficulties (13.9%). Adolescents with NSSI had higher rates of sexual abuse exposure (p = 0.0001) and suicide attempts (p < 0.0001). depressive disorder was the most common diagnosis (p = 0.03), with 70.2% of NSSI individuals having at least one comorbid psychiatric disorder. Hematological analyses showed significantly lower ferritin levels in the NSSI group (p = 0.01), while other markers did not differ. Logistic regression identified sexual abuse exposure, suicidal behavior, and low ferritin levels as predictors of NSSI. Discussion: NSSI is highly prevalent among psychiatric inpatients and is strongly associated with sexual abuse history, psychiatric comorbidities, and low ferritin levels. Screening for abuse history, suicidality, and iron metabolism disturbances may enhance risk assessment. Future research should explore the mechanistic role of iron metabolism in NSSI.
Isolation and Characterisation of Docosanoic Acid, Quercetin and Vitexin from Dennettia tripetala Bak. f. Root and Stem Bark and their In-vivo Anti-inflammatory and Analgesic Activities
Authors: John Enema, Onojah , Francis Umoh, Uwemedimo , Francis Umoh, Uwemedimo , Johnson Ekarika, C. , Doudin Khalid, , Imoh Johnny, I. 
Published: February 2025

Dennettia tripetala Baker f. (Annonaceae) is widely used in African traditional medicine for managing diabetes, inflammation, pain, and other ailments due to its diverse phytochemical composition. This study aimed to isolate and characterize bioactive compounds from the root and stem bark of D. tripetala and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties through in vivo models. The plant materials were extracted using 70% aqueous methanol, and the extracts were partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol fractions. Compounds were isolated through open-column chromatography and thin layer chromatography and characterized using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Uyo Health Research Ethics Committee for animal studies. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using egg albumin and xylene-induced oedema models, while analgesic activity was assessed using formalin-induced paw licking and hot plate tests, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, with significance level set at p<0.05. The dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions exhibited the highest anti-inflammatory activity, with the root extract at 447 mg/kg significantly inhibiting egg albumin-induced oedema by 81% at 5 hours, compared to 77% for aspirin. In the xylene-induced oedema model, the root extract at 670 mg/kg achieved 76% inhibition, comparable to the standard drug. Analgesic effects were most pronounced in the formalin test, where the root extract reduced paw licking duration by 85% in the late phase. Isolated compounds, including quercetin, vitexin, and docosanoic - nonacosyl ester acid were carried out using spectroscopic methods. These findings validate the traditional use of D. tripetala and highlight its potential as a source of natural therapeutic agents.
Effect of Pre-sowing Seed Treatment on Seed Germination and Seedling Vigour in Natural Dye-yielding Species Blue Gold (Indigofera tinctoria L.)
Authors: S Vennila , K.Kumaran  , Mathivanan M. , M.Kathiravan  , S.Manivasakan  , Krishnaveni A , S.Kala  
Published: February 2025

The emerging demand of natural indigo dye due to the environmental and sociological concerns imparted by the synthetic dye helps in leveraging the conventional natural indigo dye production process in many developing countries, including India. Despite having remarkable global market potential, the high price of natural indigo dye impedes its extensive commercialization. But the seeds of the indigo species are very small and possess a hard seed coat. Therefore, in the present study, pre sowing seed treatment for indigo to assess the germination percentage in nursery level were carried out. The various pre sowing treatments viz., acid scarification, hot water, cold water and mechanical scarifier were carried out to break the dormancy of the seeds. About 1gm of seeds were subjected to either acid scarification viz., 50% conc.H2SO4, 75% conc.H2SO4 and 100% conc. H2SO4 (seeds are subjected to treated at the time various interval of Quick dip,10 min,15 min), Hot water treatment (seeds are placed in boiled water in a water bath at various temperature (60°c, 80°c and 100°c) at various time interval (6 hr, 12 hr and 24 hr) and leaving them until the water cooled, Cold water treatment (seeds are placed in cold water at various time interval viz., 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hrs) and mechanical scarification viz., rubbing the seeds between sandpaper at various time interval 5 min,10 min and 15 min. Among the various pre sowing treatments, the best results were obtained when the seeds are subjected to Mechanical scarification. About 80% of the seeds germinated, higher dry matter production (0.07 g) depicted that the seedlings, with higher biomass in terms of shoot length (4.36 cm), root length (2.71 cm) and vigour index (566.4) when they are given a pre-sown treatment of sandpaper 15 min (T25). The results suggested that it could be possible to break dormancy and produce seedlings of Indigofera tinctoria on large scale.
THE NON-LOCAL CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR SEMILINEAR INTEGRODIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH DEVIATING ARGUMENT
Authors: Balachandran K. , Chandrasekaran M. 
Published: July 2002

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to prove the existence and uniqueness of mild and classical solutions of the non-local Cauchy problem for a semilinear integrodifferential equation with deviating argument. The results are established by using the method of semigroups and the contraction mapping principle. The paper generalizes certain results of Lin and Liu.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 34K05; 34K30
GENETIC VARIATION WITHIN CASSAVA GERMPLASM IN RESPONSE TO POTASSIUM
Authors: EL-SHARKAWY M. A. , CADAVID L. F. 
Published: July 2002

As cassava is grown mostly by small resource-limited farmers throughout the tropics on low-fertility soils with little fertilization and, due to the large potassium (K) export in harvested roots, genotypes that tolerate low-K soils and respond to K fertilization are warranted. The objective of this study was to evaluate cassava germplasm and identify such genotypes.Fourteen cultivars of cassava (Manihot esculenta) selected from the core germplasm at CIAT were grown under rainfed conditions for ten months over five consecutive seasons in Inceptisols either with no K application or with 50, 100 or 200 kg K ha−1 applied annually together with adequate nitrogen and phosphorus. All cultivars responded to K application both in terms of root and shoot biomass with the highest yields obtained by CM 507-37 and M Ven 25 in the absence of K application and at high K levels. These cultivars had the highest adaptation indices to low K and the highest K use efficiency for total biomass production. CM 507-37 had the highest K use efficiency for root production at all K levels. Thus, it is desirable to use this material for breeding cassava which is adapted to low-K soils and is able to respond to fertilizer application. However, because of the high hydrocyanic acid (HCN) content in their roots, these cultivars should be crossed with genotypes that are low in HCN, such as HMC-1 and M Cub 74, in order to select lines with both high K use efficiency and low HCN for fresh cassava consumption. Root HCN contents were significantly reduced by application of K across all cultivars. Application of K fertilizer to low-K soils is warranted to minimize health hazards when fresh cassava is used for human consumption.
RESEARCH IN SAHARAN HISTORY
Authors: MCDOUGALL E. ANN 
Published: July 2002

Desert Frontier: Ecological and Economic Change
along the Western Sahel, 1600–1850. By JAMES L. A.
WEBB JR.
Madison and London: University of Wisconsin
Press, 1995. Pp. xxvi+227. £40.95 (ISBN 0-299-14330-9); £17.95,
paperback
(ISBN 0-299-14334-1).In contrast to the desert itself, the Sahara as subject of historical
(re)construction
is currently displaying signs of health and vitality. It is enticing historians
into a
range of theoretical and methodological domains deriving from other disciplines,

and simultaneously attracting scholars from other disciplines to play out
their own
explorations around its contours. For a space which seems to have no difficulty

occupying well-delineated and identified areas in every genre of cartographical

representation, the Sahara is surprisingly difficult
to ‘locate’ in academic discourse.
Its identity, in current parlance, is a popular focus of speculation and
debate,
challenging conventional notions of its location, both in time and in space.
One of
these challenges is engagingly articulated in the recent publication of
economic
historian James Webb Jr. His Desert Frontier: Ecological and Economic
Change
along the Western Sahel, 1600–1850, invites
wider participation in this ‘search for
the Sahara’ and in so doing, encourages broader understanding of
just where
‘Saharan studies’ and in particular Saharan history and Saharan
society stand in
these so-called post-colonial times.
The relative effects of drought stress and virus yellows
on the yield of sugarbeet in the UK, 1980–95
Authors: JAGGARD K. W. , DEWAR A. M. , PIDGEON J. D. 
Published: July 2002

Drought stress and virus yellows disease are two of the major problems

of sugarbeet crop production
in the UK. We have calculated the annual national drought losses from 1980

to 1995 by using long
term data sets for two sites (IACR-Broom's Barn, Suffolk and ADAS

Gleadthorpe, Nottinghamshire)
to relate yield loss to cumulative potential summer moisture deficit, and

combining these relationships
with regional meteorological records, soil type and crop distribution data.Experimentally measured relationships between yield losses and the timing
of virus yellows
infection were combined with annual survey data of the extent of the problem,
and calculated
infection dates from the UK aphid suction trap network, to calculate
actual national annual losses
to the disease. Potential losses in the absence of control measures were

then calculated by use of data from trials and surveys of pesticide use.The results showed a mean annual loss of production to drought stress
of
141000 t/year of sugar,
10·5% of production, with a loss to the industry of
£27·9 million. Losses in individual years varied
from zero to 2·5 times the mean figure. Actual losses to virus
yellows were much smaller, due to the
efficacy of treatments, averaging 24700 t/year of sugar (1·8%

of national yield, financial loss £5·5
million). Average potential virus yellows losses in the absence of control

measures were approximately double this.Control of virus yellows is a major, cost-effective contributor to
rising and consistent sugarbeet
production. Nationally, irrigation has made little impact on drought losses

and, due to constraints
in surface water supply, this situation appears likely to continue. Improved

drought stress tolerance
represents the largest single opportunity for yield and profitability
improvement of the sugarbeet crop
in the UK at present. Predicted climate change appears likely to increase

the severity of both drought
and disease stresses. Drought stress appears relatively less important
in other NW European
sugarbeet-growing areas.
Pinkish colouration in Cheddar cheese – description and factors contributing to its formation
Authors: MARTLEY FRANK G. , MICHEL VALÉRIE 
Published: July 2002

During a routine inspection of Cheddar cheese manufactured at a commercial
factory in New Zealand, some lots of 6-month-old cheese were found to have
developed a pinkish colouration on the surface of the 20 kg blocks of cheese.
Colouration did not always occur uniformly on all six faces of the rectangular cheese
block, or even on a single face of the block. Furthermore, not all blocks from within
the same day's manufacture were equally affected. When an affected block was
removed from its bag and cut across, colouration was sometimes found to penetrate
approximately 1–2 cm down into the cheese. In those blocks where a plug of cheese
had been removed previously, a pinkish zone surrounded the plug-hole cavity.The pinkish colouration was observed to fade slowly (over about 12–24 h) when
the cheese surface was exposed to air.Annatto, known to cause pink discolouration in “coloured” Cheddar cheese
(Govindarajan & Morris, 1973) and in processed cheese made using coloured
Cheddar, was not used in the manufacture of the present cheeses and could therefore
be excluded as a cause of the colouration.The flavour profiles of all affected cheeses were considered by experienced
industry cheese graders to be easily within the normal range of flavour profile
expected for a cheese of this type i.e. there was no evidence of any off-flavour
development.The present short communication describes the microbiological and chemical
investigations carried out to determine the origin and nature of the pinkish
colouration in Cheddar cheese.
An experimental study of two-dimensional surface water waves propagating on depth-varying currents.
Part 1. Regular waves
Authors: SWAN C. , CUMMINS I. P. , JAMES R. L. 
Published: July 2002

This paper describes an experimental study of two-dimensional surface water waves
propagating on a depth-varying current with a non-uniform vorticity distribution. The
investigation is divided into two parts. The first concerns the ‘equilibrium’ conditions
in which the oscillatory wave motion and the current co-exist. Measurements of
the water-surface elevation, the water-particle kinematics, and the near-bed pressure
fluctuations are compared to a number of wave and wave–current solutions including
a nonlinear model capable of incorporating the vertical structure of the current profile.
These comparisons confirm that the near-surface vorticity leads to an important
modification of the dispersion equation, and thus affects the nature of the wave-induced
orbital motion over the entire water depth. However, the inclusion of vorticity-dependent
terms within the dispersion equation is not sufficient to define the combined
wave–current flow. The present results suggest that vorticity may lead to a significant
change in the water-surface profile. If a current is positively sheared, dU/dz > 0,
with negative vorticity at the water surface, as would be the case in a wind-driven
current, a wave propagating in the same direction as the current will experience
increased crest–trough asymmetry due to the vorticity distribution. With higher and
sharper wave crests there is a corresponding increase in both the maximum water-particle
accelerations and the maximum horizontal water-particle velocities. These
results are consistent with previous theoretical calculations involving uniform vorticity
distributions (Simmen & Saffman 1985 and Teles da Silva & Peregrine 1988).The second part of the study addresses the ‘gradually varying’ problem in which
there are changes in the current, the wavelength and the wave height due to the
initial interaction between the wave and the current. These data show that there is
a large and non-uniform change in the current profile that is dependent upon both
the steepness of the waves and the vorticity distribution. Furthermore, comparisons
between the measured wave height change and a number of solutions based on the
conservation of wave action, confirm that the vorticity distribution plays a dominant
role. In the absence of a conservation equation for wave action appropriate for
nonlinear waves on a depth-varying current, an alternative approach based on the
conservation of total energy flux, first proposed by Longuet-Higgins & Stewart (1960),
is shown to be in good agreement with the measured data.
Self-similarity of time-evolving plane wakes
Authors: MOSER ROBERT D. , ROGERS MICHAEL M. , EWING DANIEL W. 
Published: July 2002

Direct numerical simulations of three time-developing turbulent
plane wakes have
been performed. Initial conditions for the simulations were obtained using
two realizations
of a direct simulation from a turbulent boundary layer at momentum-thickness

Reynolds number 670. In addition, extra two-dimensional disturbances were
added in
two of the cases to mimic two-dimensional forcing. The wakes are allowed
to evolve
long enough to attain approximate self-similarity, although in the strongly
forced case
this self-similarity is of short duration. For all three flows, the mass-flux
Reynolds
number (equivalent to the momentum-thickness Reynolds number in spatially
developing
wakes) is 2000, which is high enough for a short k−5/3

range to be evident in the streamwise one-dimensional velocity spectra.The spreading rate, turbulence Reynolds number, and turbulence intensities
all
increase with forcing (by nearly an order of magnitude for the strongly
forced
case), with experimental data falling between the unforced and weakly forced
cases.
The simulation results are used in conjunction with a self-similar analysis
of the
Reynolds stress equations to develop scalings that approximately collapse
the profiles
from different wakes. Factors containing the wake spreading rate are required
to
bring profiles from different wakes into agreement. Part of the difference
between
the various cases is due to the increased level of spanwise-coherent (roughly

two-dimensional) energy in the forced cases. Forcing also has a significant
impact on
flow structure, with the forced flows exhibiting more organized large-scale
structures
similar to those observed in transitional wakes.
Bacterial bioconvection: weakly nonlinear theory for pattern selection
Authors: METCALFE A. M. , PEDLEY T. J. 
Published: July 2002

Complex bioconvection patterns are observed when a suspension of
the oxytactic
bacterium Bacillus subtilis is placed in a chamber with its upper
surface open to
the atmosphere. The patterns form because the bacteria are denser than
water and
swim upwards (up an oxygen gradient) on average. This results in an unstable
density
distribution and an overturning instability. The pattern formation is dependent
on
depth and experiments in a tilted chamber have shown that as the depth
increases
the first patterns formed are hexagons in which the fluid flows down in
the centre.The linear stability of this system was analysed by Hillesdon &
Pedley (1996) who
found that the system is unstable if the Rayleigh number Γ

exceeds a critical value,
which depends on the wavenumber k of the disturbance as well as
on the values of
other parameters. Hillesdon & Pedley found that the
critical wavenumber kc could be
either zero or non-zero, depending on the parameter values.In this paper we carry out a weakly nonlinear analysis to determine
the relative
stability of hexagon and roll patterns formed at the onset of bioconvection.
The
analysis is different in the two cases kc≠0

and kc=0. For the
kc≠0 case (which
appears to be more relevant experimentally) the model does predict down
hexagons,
but only for a certain range of parameter values. Hence the analysis allows
us to refine
previous parameter estimates. For the kc=0

case we carry out a two-dimensional
analysis and derive an equation describing the evolution of the horizontal
planform
function.
‘Hyper-priming’ in thought-disordered schizophrenic patients
Authors: MORITZ S. , MERSMANN K. , KLOSS M. , JACOBSEN D. , WILKE U. , ANDRESEN B. , NABER D. , PAWLIK K. 
Published: July 2002

Background. A number of studies have suggested that indirect semantic priming is enhanced in
thought-disordered schizophrenics. However, research on direct semantic priming has produced
conflicting results. The aim of the present study was to resolve some of the ambiguities of previous
findings.Methods. For the present study, 44 schizophrenic patients were split according to the presence of
associative loosening into a positive thought-disordered (TD) and non-positive thought-disordered
(NTD) group. Thirty healthy subjects and 36 psychiatric patients served as controls.Results. Schizophrenics displayed increased indirect semantic priming compared with psychiatric
controls. When subtyping the sample, TD-patients exhibited significantly enhanced indirect
semantic priming compared with healthy and psychiatric controls as well as NTD-patients. Overall
slowing was found to be independent of priming effects. Medication, age and chronicity of the
schizophrenic illness did not modulate priming.Conclusions. In line with Spitzer and Maher it is inferred that disinhibited semantic networks
underlie formal thought disorder in schizophrenia. For future research, it would be appropriate to:
employ indirect semantic priming rather than direct semantic priming conditions; and, pay more
attention to potential moderators of the priming effect, most importantly, the prime display
duration and the length of the stimulus onset asynchrony.