bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular markers of putative spermatogonial stem cells in the domestic cat
Authors: Bedford‐Guaus SJ , Kim S , Mulero L , Vaquero JM , Morera C , Adan‐Milanès R , Veiga A , Raya Á 
Published: November 2016

ContentsSpermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are an important tool for fertility preservation and species conservation. The ability to expand SSCs by in vitro culture is a crucial premise for their use in assisted reproduction. Because SSCs represent a small proportion of the germ cells in the adult testis, culture success is aided by pre‐enrichment through sorting techniques based on cell surface‐specific markers. Given the importance of the domestic cat as a model for conservation of endangered wild felids, herein we sought to examine culture conditions as well as molecular markers for cat SSCs. Using a cell culture medium for mouse SSCs supplemented with glial cell‐derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), germ cells from prepuberal cat testes remained viable in culture for up to 43 days. Immunohistochemistry for promyelocytic leukaemia zinc finger (PLZF) protein on foetal, prepuberal and adult testis sections revealed a pattern of expression consistent with the labelling of undifferentiated spermatogonia. Fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS) with an antibody against epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EPCAM) was used to sort live cells. Then, the gene expression profile of EPCAM‐sorted cells was investigated through RT‐qPCR. Notably, EPCAM (+) cells expressed relatively high levels of CKIT (CD117), a surface protein typically expressed in differentiating germ cells but not SSCs. Conversely, EPCAM (‐) cells expressed relatively high levels of POU domain class 5 transcription factor 1 (POU1F5 or OCT4), clearly a germ line stem cell marker. These results suggest that cat SSCs would probably be found within the population of EPCAM (–) cells. Future studies should identify additional surface markers that alone or in combination can be used to further enrich SSCs from cat germ cells.
Mandibular position and movements: Suitability for diagnosis of sleep apnoea
Authors: Martinot Jean‐Benoit , Borel Jean‐Christian , Cuthbert Valérie , Guénard Hervé Jean‐Pierre , Denison Stéphane , Silkoff Philip E. , Gozal David , Pepin Jean‐Louis 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTBackground and objectiveMandibular movements (MMs) and position during sleep reflect respiratory efforts related to increases in upper airway resistance and micro‐arousals. The study objective was to assess whetherMMidentifies sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB) in patients with moderate to high pre‐test probability.MethodsThis was a prospective study of 87 consecutive patients referred for an in‐laboratory sleep test. Magnetometer‐derivedMMsignals were incorporated into standard polysomnography (PSG). Respiratory events detected withMManalysis were compared withPSGfor respiratory disturbance index (RDI) with a blinded scoring. All records were scored manually according to American Academy of Sleep Medicine rules. Primary outcome was to rule‐in obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) defined asRDIcut‐off value ≥5 or 15/h total sleep time (TST).ResultsHigh concordance emerged betweenMMandPSG‐derivedRDIwith high temporal coincidence between events (R2 = 0.906;P < 0.001). The mean diagnostic accuracy ofMMforOSASusingRDI MMcut‐off values of 5.9 and 13.5 was 0.935 (0.86–0.97) and 0.913 (0.84–0.95), with a mean positive likelihood ratio (LLR+) of 3.73 (2.7–20.4) and 8.46 (2.3–31.5), respectively. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves atPSGcut‐off values of 5 and 15/hTSThad areas under the curve (AUC) of 0.96 (95%CI: 0.89–0.99) and 0.97 (95%CI: 0.91–0.99) (P < 0.001), respectively.MManalysis accurately identifiedSDBat different levels of severity.ConclusionRDIassessed byMMis highly concordant withPSG, suggesting a role of ambulatoryMMrecordings to screen forSDBin patients with moderate to high pre‐test probability.
Towards a sociology of risk work: A narrative review and synthesis
Authors: Gale Nicola K. , Thomas Gareth M. , Thwaites Rachel , Greenfield Sheila , Brown Patrick 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this article, we define the concept of “risk work,” which aims to make visible working practices to assess or manage risk, in order to subject these practices to sociological critique. This article reviews and synthesizes existing published literature to identify components of risk work: (a) translating risk into different contexts, (b) minimizing risks in practice, and (c) caring in the context of risk. We argue that these three components of risk work raise important tensions for workers that have been inadequately explored in the literature to date. We propose that future research should additionally focus on practitioner subjectivity and identity in risk work. In addition, we argue that comparative research—across type of risk and different contexts—and methodological and theoretical diversity would enhance this emerging field of research.
Young adults in the United States and Benin reason about gendered cultural traditions
Authors: Conry‐Murray Clare , Shaw Leigh A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study explored emerging and young adults’ reasoning about cultural practices in West Africa. American (Study 1, n = 78, M = 20.76 years) and Beninese (Study 2, n = 93, M = 23.61 years) undergraduates were surveyed about their evaluations of corporal punishment, scarification, and schooling restrictions in conditions where the practices had gender‐neutral or gender‐specified targets. In Study 1, the majority (69%) of American participants negatively evaluated the practices, especially when targets were female. However, the majority (73%) assumed the cultural practices were consensual. In Study 2, the majority (76%) of Beninese participants negatively evaluated the practices, and their evaluations did not vary by gender of the target. Few (10%) Beninese participants assumed the cultural practices were consensual. In both studies, emerging and young adults who initially judged practices positively changed their evaluations with a change in consent.
Long‐term effects of soil management regimes on carbon contents and respiration rates of aggregate size fractions
Authors: Zhang S. , Li J. , Yang X. , Sun B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis study investigated long‐term effects of soil management on size distribution of dry‐sieved aggregates in a loess soil together with their organic carbon (OC) and their respiratory activity. Soil management regimes were cropland, which was either abandoned, left bare fallow or cropped for 21 yr. Abandonment increased the abundance of macroaggregates (>2 mm) in the surface soil layer (0–10 cm) and reduced that of microaggregates (<0.25 mm) relative to Cropping, whereas the Fallow treatment reduced the abundance of macroaggregates at depths of 0–10 and 10–20 cm. All treatments yielded similar aggregate size distributions at a depth of 20–30 cm. The SOC content of aggregate size fractions in the surface soil from the Abandoned plots was greater (by 1.2–4.8 g/kg) than that of the corresponding fractions from the Cropped plots, but the opposite trend was observed in the subsurface soils. Conversely, the Fallow treatment reduced the SOC content of every aggregate size fraction. Smaller aggregates generally exhibited greater cumulative levels of C mineralization than larger ones. However, the bulk of the SOC losses from the soils via mineralization was associated with aggregates of >2 mm. Abandonment significantly increased the relative contribution of macroaggregates (>2 mm) to the overall rate of SOC loss, whereas the Fallow treatment significantly reduced the contribution of 0.25–2 mm aggregates to total SOC loss in the surface soil while substantially increasing their contribution in the subsurface soil.
Toward a working taxonomy of geodesign practice
Authors: Tulloch David 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAs an emerging area of study, geodesign discussions and publications have used practice as a vital source of inspiration and evidence of the early successes of the field. A closer examination of geodesign projects reveals some similarities and differences within the practice currently discussed as geodesign. Using 28 examples of geodesign projects, this paper identifies classes of examples that are similar. Based on the practical evidence represented in the examples, a 3‐level classification system is proposed for providing a basic taxonomy for geodesign projects. This taxonomic system characterizes the classes based on: (1) whether the examples ceded some design control to the computer; (2) whether public participation is incorporated into the design process; and (3) whether it employs complex substantive models. This taxonomy offers a means for understanding and describing the diversity of geodesign while also raising new questions about the boundaries and structure of the field.
Identification of contaminant interferences which cause positive urine reagent test strip reactions in a cage setting for the laboratory‐housed nonhuman primate, Beagle dog, and Sprague–Dawley rat
Authors: Siska William D. , Meyer Dennis J. , Schultze Albert E. , Brandoff Catherine 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundA high incidence of unexplained positive urine reagent test strip reactions was observed in healthy, untreated laboratory‐housed nonhuman primates, Beagle dogs, and Sprague–Dawley rats. Exposure of urine to cage pan contaminants was the suspected cause of the positive reactions.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to identify cage pan contaminants which could cause positive reagent test strip reactions.MethodsContaminated urine was simulated by exposing water samples to cage pan contaminants, including cleaning solutions, feces from nonhuman primates, Beagle dogs, and Sprague–Dawley rats, certified laboratory animal diets, and dietary enrichments (vegetables, fruits, and food treats). Ten samples were prepared for each contaminant and analyzed for blood, glucose, bilirubin, ketones, pH, protein, urobilinogen, nitrite, and leukocyte esterase using commercially available urine reagent test strips and an automated urine chemistry analyzer.ResultsPositive reactions were common for all but one analyte and frequently associated with multiple contaminants. Blood, glucose, and protein reactions had the highest incidence and/or strongest positive reactions. Positive reactions for other reagent test strip analytes were observed, but generally of lower incidence and magnitude.ConclusionsWe identified a high incidence of contaminant interferences in a water matrix causing positive reagent test strip reactions, primarily for the blood, glucose, and protein reactions. These findings highlight the potential limited value of urine reagent test strip assays as reliable biomarkers for detecting kidney toxicity in nonclinical studies, and imply that urine collection methods that minimize exposure to contaminants will likely improve the diagnostic validity of reagent test strip assays.
The novel high molecular weight Dermatophagoides farinae protein Zen‐1 is a major allergen in North American and European mite allergic dogs with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Olivry Thierry , Dunston Stanley M. , Favrot Claude , Prélaud Pascal , Tsukui Toshiroh 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundAtopic dogs with hypersensitivity to Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) have IgE recognizing high molecular weight (MW) allergens more often than the low MW Der f 1 and 2. A new high MW Df allergen, Zen‐1, has been identified recently.ObjectivesTo determine the IgE reactivity of American and European Df‐hypersensitive dogs to Zen‐1, Der f 1 and Der f 2.MethodsWe tested sera from 33 Df‐reactive dogs from the USA, 29 from Europe and 15 experimentally sensitized to Df, by ELISA against crude Df, Der f 1, Der f 2 and Zen‐1. ELISA inhibition was performed with sera reactive to Zen‐1. Intradermal testing (IDT) was also done with the same allergens in 25 other American atopic dogs.ResultsAltogether, IgE seropositivity to Zen‐1 was more prevalent (86%) than that to Der f 1 (17%) or Der f 2 (19%). The IgE reactivity to Zen‐1 was correlated to that against crude Df; this allergen alone inhibited a high percentage (median: 50%; range: 22–84%) of the binding to the crude mite extract. The seropositivity to low MW allergens was highest in experimentally sensitized dogs. Serum IgE recognition of Der f 1 was low in dogs with AD; that to Der f 2 was significantly lower in American dogs (6%) than in European ones (28%). A high prevalence of positive immediate IDT reactions to Zen‐1 confirmed the likely relevance of serological results.Conclusions and clinical importanceThis study establishes Zen‐1 as a major allergen in atopic dogs sensitized to Df.
Adipose‐derived aldehyde dehydrogenase–expressing cells promote dermal regenerative potential with collagen‐glycosaminoglycan scaffold
Authors: Matsumine Hajime , Numakura Kazuyuki , Tsunoda Satoshi , Wang Huan , Matsumine Rui , Climov Mihail , Giatsidis Giorgio , Sukhatme Vikas P. , Orgill Dennis P. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is an enzyme that plays an important role in retinoid metabolism and highly expressed in stem cells. This study isolated ALDH‐expressing cells from subcutaneous adipose tissue and investigated their potential to enhance healing in a full‐thickness skin wound in rats by co‐implanting them with collagen‐glycosaminoglycan (c‐GAG) scaffolds. ALDH‐positive cells were isolated by a fluorescence‐activated cell sorting technique from Lewis rat's stromal‐vascular‐fraction (SVF) and transplanted with c‐GAG scaffolds in a rat full‐thickness skin wound model. At 7 days after surgery, the microscopic appearance of c‐GAG scaffolds seeded with ALDH‐positive was compared with those of uncultured‐SVF, and cultured‐SVF adipose‐derived stromal cells (ASCs). The thickness of cellular ingrowth in the ASC group (630 ± 180 μm) was significantly thicker than that in the control (390 ± 120 μm) or SVF (380 ± 140 μm) groups, but non‐significantly thicker than that in the ALDH‐positive group (570 ± 220 μm). The thickness of regenerated collagen layer was significantly thicker in the ALDH‐positive group (160 ± 110 μm) than in the ASCs (81 ± 41 μm), the control (65 ± 24 μm), or SVF (64 ± 34 μm) groups. Immunofluorescent staining with CD31 proved that transplanted ALDH‐positive cells differentiated into vascular endothelial cells in c‐GAG scaffolds. Combined transplantation with c‐GAG scaffolds and adipose‐derived ALDH‐positive cells promoted dermal regeneration, giving a possibility that ALDH‐positive cells would greatly shorten the waiting period before secondary autologous skin grafting was possible.
Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with medical contraindications for intravenous thrombolysis: a prospective observational study
Authors: Alonso de Leciñana María , Martínez-Sánchez Patricia , García-Pastor Andrés , Kawiorski Michal M , Calleja Patricia , Sanz-Cuesta Borja E , Díaz-Otero Fernando , Frutos Remedios , Sierra-Hidalgo Fernando , Ruiz-Ares Gerardo , Fandiño Eduardo , Díez-Tejedor Exuperio , Gil-Nuñez Antonio , Fuentes Blanca 
Published: November 2016

Background and purposeThe present study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the safety of primary mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke and comorbidities that preclude treatment with IV thrombolysis (IVT), compared with patients who received standard IVT treatment followed by MT. Secondary objectives were to analyse the recanalization rate and outcomes.MethodsA prospective observational multicenter study (FUN-TPA) that recruited patients treated within 4.5 hours of symptom onset was performed. Treatments were IVT followed by MT if occlusion persisted, or primary MT when IVT was contraindicated. Outcome measures were procedural complications, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (SICH), recanalization rate, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at 7 days, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score and mortality at 90 days.ResultsOf 131 patients, 21 (16%) had medical contraindications for IVT and were treated primarily with MT whereas 110 (84%) underwent IVT, followed by MT in 53 cases (40%). The recanalization rate and procedural complications were similar in the two groups. There were no SICHs after primary MT vs 3 (6%) after IVT+MT. Nine patients (43%) in the primary MT group achieved independence (mRS 0–2) compared with 36 (68%) in the IVT+MT group (p=0.046). Mortality rates in the two groups were 14% (n=3) vs 4% (n=2) (p=0.13). Adjusted ORs for independence in patients receiving standard IVT+MT vs MT in patients with medical contraindications for IVT were 2.8 (95% CI 0.99 to 7.98) and 0.24 (95% CI 0.04 to 1.52) for mortality.ConclusionsMT is safe in patients with potential comorbidity-derived risks that preclude IVT. MT should be offered, aiming for prompt recanalization, to patients with LVO stroke unsuitable for IVT.Trial registration numberNCT02164357; Results.
Quantitative Analysis and Comparison of Symmetric Cryptographic Security Algorithms
Authors: Saad Mahaba , Youssef Khalid , Abdel-Kader Hala 
Published: November 2016

<p>Nowadays, the rapid evolution of communication systems offers, to a very large percentage of population, access to a huge amount of information and a variety of means to use in order to exchange personal data. Hence the search for the best solution to offer the necessary protection against the data intruders’ attacks along with providing these services in time is one of the most interesting subjects in the security related communities. Cryptography is usually referred to as “the study of secret”. Encryption is the process of converting normal text to unreadable form. There are a variety of encryption algorithms have been developed. This paper provides quantitative analysis and comparison of some symmetric key cryptographic ciphers (DES, 3DES, AES, Blowfish, RC5, and RC6). The quantitative analysis approach is a step towards optimizing the security operations for an efficient next generation family of network processors with enhanced speed and power performance. A framework will be proposed as a reference model for quantitative analysis of security algorithm mathematical and logical operations. </p>
Two Dimensional Tunable Optical-CDMA System
Authors: Yadav Rajesh Yadav , Kaur Gurjit Kaur 
Published: November 2016

<p>In this work an experimental demonstration is proposed to implement the synchronous optical code division multiple access system using two dimensional wavelength hopping and time spreading optical prime code is presented. An optical CDMA system is configured on latest version of optisystem by optiwave for the 20 users (Prime Number = 5) connected in a network operating at a bit rate 10 Gbps each. Tunability is achieved by using a MATLAB based delay selector which serves as the source of control signal for optical delay lines. The encoded optical signal of each user has been assigned a particular mode. The resulting optical signal is then transmitted over parabolic index multimode optical fiber. The received signal can successfully be retrieved at the decoder, when the encoder and decoder are configured for the same user. The performance of Optical CDMA system is evaluated in terms of the autocorrelation and cross correlation function, BER, Q factor, eye diagram and compared with 1D code for a given prime number. </p>
An Energy-Efficient Key Management Scheme using Trust Model for Wireless Sensor Network
Authors: Raja P. , Karthikeyan E. 
Published: November 2016

<p>In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), secret shared keys must be established with the neighboring nodes in order to achieve secure communication. The challenge issues for secured communication in WSN are the Key management. Location Dependent Key (LDK) management is a suitable scheme when compared to other location based key management schemes because of lesser memory space requirement and lesser number of keys to be stored on each sensor node. However, the LDK is affected by communication interference problem which is solved by the key is distributed based on trust model. The distributed key updates and revocation processes are effectively resist inside attackers. An energy-efficient Key Management with Trust Model (KM-TM) for WSNs is proposed to achieve the secured communication and the nodes are resisting from the attackers. The performances of proposed KM-TM for WSNs are evaluated in terms of trustworthiness of sensor nodes and security breaches more effectively. </p>
An Improved Criterion for Induced Stability of Fixed-Point Digital Filters with Saturation Arithmetic
Authors: Kokil Priyanka , Arockiaraj S Xavier 
Published: November 2016

<p>This paper establishes a criterion for the induced stability of fixed-point state-space digital filters with saturation nonlinearities and external interference. The criterion is established in a linear matrix inequality (LMI) setting, and therefore, computationally tractable. The criterion turns out to be an improvement over a previously reported criterion. A comparison of the presented criterion with existing criterion is made. Numerical examples are given to demonstrate the usefulness of the proposed approach.</p>
What Public Visualization Can Learn from Street Art
Authors: Claes Sandy , Vande Moere Andrew 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
As public visualization is becoming increasingly popular, our physical environment should be considered an intrinsic component of its design because of the various rich, interpretative meanings that it inherently possesses. As many concepts of street art deliberately deploy such meanings within the environment in order to convey particular messages, the authors believe it can act as a valuable resource for public visualization design. The authors thus discuss four distinct rhetoric strategies to demonstrate how street art practices can relate to their environment and how these relationships can trigger critical reflection for public visualization.
Automatically Generating Animations from Escher’s Images
Authors: Bazo Danny 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This article presents a real-time interactive software tool for automatically selecting and rearranging windowed regions of a single large image into frame-by-frame animations. Demonstrated on the tessellating, morphing pictures created by M.C. Escher, the software tool uses image-processing algorithms to compute a path through an image, traveling along visually similar regions and presenting them as a short looping movie.
A new widespread European bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea)
Authors: RADCHENKO VLADIMIR G. 
Published: November 2016

A new bee species of the genus Dasypoda Latreille (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Melittidae), D. morawitzi Radchenko sp. nov., is described. This species is closely related to, and easily confusable with, D. hirtipes (Fabricius), and its specimens have been previously attributed to the latter species. A comparative morphological analysis of D. morawitzi with other species of the D. hirtipes group is provided. The distribution and trophic links of this new species are discussed.