bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tuning Order‐Disorder Phase Transition through Regulating the Substituent Group of Anion
Authors: Li Dong , Chen Lihong , Zhao Haixia , Long Lasheng , Zheng Lansun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe structural phase transition compound {[(CH3)2CHCH2]2NH2}•[CF3COO] (1) has been synthesized based on the diisobutylamine and trifluoroacetic acid. The DSC data reveal that 1 undergoes a phase transition at 277 K (Tc). When one chlorine atom replaces one fluorine atom on trifluoroacetate anion, three order‐disorder phase transitions at 251 K (T1), 282 K (T2) and 290 K could be achieved owing to a stepwise release of rotation motions of the anion and cation in {[(CH3)2CHCH2]2NH2}•[CF2ClCOO] (2). Based on the variable temperature crystal structures, the phase transition in compound 1 is triggered by the rotation of three fluorine atoms on the trifluoroacetate anion synchronized with the motions of the methyl groups on the diisobutylammonium cation. However, in compound 2, the phase transitions can be realized by a sequence of motions of both the anion and cation. Besides, the dielectric‐ temperature dependences were investigated in order to prove this regulation process. All of this investigation will be beneficial to design and synthesis of the novel phase transition materials and molecular dielectric materials on purpose.
Investigation of the Dinoflagellate Bioluminescence Mechanism: Chemically Initiated Electron Exchange Luminescence or Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer?
Authors: Ngo Phong D. , Mansoorabadi Steven O. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractUbiquitous in the world's oceans, dinoflagellates are capable of fantastic displays of bright‐blue bioluminescence. This luminosity is a consequence of the oxidation of an open‐chain tetrapyrrole, dinoflagellate luciferin (LH2), by the enzyme dinoflagellate luciferase (LCF). While many other bioluminescence systems are well understood, the reaction mechanism of LCF remains enigmatic. A comprehensive density functional theory investigation was used to evaluate several competing mechanisms of LCF catalysis employing distinct excited‐state luminophores. The results provide strong evidence in favor of a mechanism of dinoflagellate bioluminescence involving an excited‐state gem‐diol(ate) intermediate. Analysis of the molecular orbitals relevant to the emission process indicates that catalysis from the E isomer of LH2 is likely to proceed via a chemically initiated electron‐exchange luminescence reaction, whereas that from the Z isomer may involve the formation of a biologically unprecedented twisted intramolecular charge transfer state.
Objective automated quantification of fluorescence signal in histological sections of rat lens
Authors: Talebizadeh Nooshin , Hagström Nanna Zhou , Yu Zhaohua , Kronschläger Martin , Söderberg Per , Wählby Carolina 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVisual quantification and classification of fluorescent signals is the gold standard in microscopy. The purpose of this study was to develop an automated method to delineate cells and to quantify expression of fluorescent signal of biomarkers in each nucleus and cytoplasm of lens epithelial cells in a histological section. A region of interest representing the lens epithelium was manually demarcated in each input image. Thereafter, individual cell nuclei within the region of interest were automatically delineated based on watershed segmentation and thresholding with an algorithm developed in Matlab™. Fluorescence signal was quantified within nuclei, cytoplasms and juxtaposed backgrounds. The classification of cells as labelled or not labelled was based on comparison of the fluorescence signal within cells with local background. The classification rule was thereafter optimized as compared with visual classification of a limited dataset. The performance of the automated classification was evaluated by asking 11 independent blinded observers to classify all cells (n = 395) in one lens image. Time consumed by the automatic algorithm and visual classification of cells was recorded. On an average, 77% of the cells were correctly classified as compared with the majority vote of the visual observers. The average agreement among visual observers was 83%. However, variation among visual observers was high, and agreement between two visual observers was as low as 71% in the worst case. Automated classification was on average 10 times faster than visual scoring. The presented method enables objective and fast detection of lens epithelial cells and quantification of expression of fluorescent signal with an accuracy comparable with the variability among visual observers. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Volatile compounds and other indicators of quality for cold‐pressed rapeseed oils obtained from peeled, whole, flaked and roasted seeds
Authors: Gracka Anna , Raczyk Marianna , Hradecký Jaromír , Hajslova Jana , Jeziorski Sławomir , Karlovits Gyorgi , Michalak Barbara , Bąkowska Natalia , Jeleń Henryk 
Published: May 2017

Cold‐pressed rapeseed oil is among the most popular virgin oils. Different processing methods yield oils varying in chemical composition and oxidative stability. The experiment aimed at identifying the differences (mostly in volatiles) between rapeseed oil obtained from peeled seeds (RO) and oils obtained by three pre‐treatment methods: pressing whole seeds (WSO), flakes (FO) and roasted flakes (RFO). Volatiles were analysed using GCxGC‐ToFMS and data were processed using statistical multivariate analysis. Fatty acid composition was determined using GC‐FID. The oils’ oxidative stability was measured using peroxide value. Free fatty acids’ value, absorbance at 236 and 238 nm and chlorophyll content were also determined. Also, a sensory panel evaluation was performed. PCA was found to be effective tool for differentiating the oils on the basis of their volatile compounds. RO was most similar to WSO from the second pressing. Fatty acid composition analysis yielded differences between the experimental oils and RO. RO had the highest PV, p‐AV and Totox values. WSO from the first pressing (WSO1) had the highest oxidative stability. Sensory analysis found that WSO1 was most similar to RO. Both oils had an intense cabbage‐like and fruity odour. The study showed that the results of volatile compounds’ analysis differs from those of sensory analysis in oils comparison.Practical applications: The results demonstrate that the rapeseed oil obtained from whole seeds may have a volatile compounds composition that is similar to that of rapeseed oil obtained from peeled seeds. PCA makes it possible to differentiate between samples varying in pre‐treatment method as well as between samples subjected to the same pre‐treatment method, but obtained from a second pressing. Sensory panel performed by trained panellists may demonstrate which oils are most desirable when rated for selected attributes. The results of sensory panel may differ from those of volatile compound analysis performed with GCxGC‐ToFMS.In the current study, the volatile compounds in cold‐pressed rapeseeds oil obtained from peeled seeds with those in rapeseed oils obtained from seeds prepared with various pre‐treatment methods are compared. The obtained results are compared with those of sensory evaluation. The study shows that the results obtained by means of statistical analysis based on volatile compounds do not always correlate with those of sensory panel evaluation in oils comparison.
The true methodology for rhamnolipid: Various solvents affect rhamnolipid characteristics
Authors: Çakmak Hakan , Güngörmedi Gökhan , Dikmen Gökhan , Çelik Pınar Aytar , Çabuk Ahmet 
Published: May 2017

Rhamnolipid, among the most effective biosurfactants, is a glycolipid‐type biosurfactant primarily produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, rhamnolipid production was carried out using a strain of P. aeruginosa and it is aimed to compare rhamnolipid biopolymers obtained from various extraction methods using glycine (RG), hydrochloric acid (RH), diethyl ether (RD), ethyl acetate (RE). Comparison analyses were performed through NMR, FTIR techniques and viscosity, density measurements apart from determination of rhamnolipid yields. It can be concluded that rhamnolipid from diethyl ether for extraction is far from molecular structure to reference rhamnolipid molecule according to instrumental analyses performed. Besides, the yield of this rhamnolipid is much more than other rhamnolipids extracted through other methods but this is misleading because the value in there may be total sugar content apart from rhamnolipid. Therefore, RD extraction method can be said to be non‐selective process for rhamnolipid obtained. In RH method, some functional group peaks belonging to rhamnolipid were not observed. NMR analysis showed that some CH groups were not observed in the RG method. However, especially NMR and FTIR analyses showed that rhamnolipid obtained from RE method represented more accurate rhamnolipid based on reference molecule.Practical applications: This study showed that rhamnolipid production and its comparative analyses using various solvent extraction methods. Comparison analyses were carried out through NMR, FTIR techniques and viscosity, density measurements as well as determination of rhamnolipid yields. Different solvents affect seriously characteristics of rhamnolipid, which were defined in the previous literature reports. Especially, some methods are not selective ways for mentioning true biomolecule. To avoid misleading characterization information in the literature, these extraction methods were discussed through comparison methods such as NMR, FTIR analyses, and quantification measurements.Rhamnolipid biopolymers obtained from various extraction methods using glycine (RG), hydrochloric acid (RH), diethyl ether (RD), ethyl acetate (RE) are compared through NMR, FTIR techniques, and viscosity, density measurements. These analyses show that rhamnolipid obtained from RE method represents more accurate rhamnolipid based on reference molecule.
Analysis of Levodopa in the Presence of Vitamin B6 Using Carbon Paste Electrode Modified with 1‐Butyl‐3 methylimidazolium Hexafluorophosphate and CuO Nanoparticles
Authors: Karimi‐Maleh Hassan , Shojaei Moein , Amini Fatemeh , Akbari Ahmad 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA carbon paste electrode modified with 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid (BMIPF6) and CuO nanoparticles (CuO/NPs) (CPE/BMIPF6/CuO/NPs) was fabricated and used for square wave voltammetric analysis of levodopa in the presence of vitamin B6. The elemental analysis, SEM and XRD methods were used for characterization of synthesized CuO nanoparticle. CPE/BMIPF6/CuO/NPs exhibited high electrical conductivity toward the electro‐oxidation of levodopa at a pH=7.0 as best experimental condition. Using CPE/BMIPF6/CuO/NPs the levodopa and vitamin B6 peaks are separated and oxidized at potentials of 0.565 V and 0.835 V, respectively; hence levodopa can be detected in the presence of vitamin B6. The electrochemical response shows a linear relationship from concentration of levodopa and vitamin B6 in the ranges of 0.06‐1000 μM and 0.1‐700.0 μM, respectively. Finally, CPE/BMIPF6/CuO/NPs were applied as high performance tool for determination of levodopa and vitamin B6 in real samples.
uPA‐derived peptide, Å6 is involved in the suppression of lipopolysaccaride‐promoted inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and the resultant bone loss
Authors: Kanno Yosuke , Maruyama Chihiro , Matsuda Ayaka , Ishisaki Akira 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionChronic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis frequently cause bone destruction. Inflammation‐induced bone loss results from the increase of bone‐resorbing osteoclasts. Recently, we demonstrated that urokinase type plasminogen activator (uPA) suppressed lipopolysaccaride (LPS)‐inflammatory osteoclastogenesis through the adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway, whereas its receptor (uPAR) promoted that through the Akt pathway.MethodsWe investigated the effects of uPA‐derived peptide (Å6) in the LPS‐induced inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and bone destruction.ResultsWe found that Å6 attenuated inflammatory osteoclastogenesis and bone loss induced by LPS in mice. We also showed that Å6 attenuated the LPS‐promoted inflammatory osteoclastogenesis by inactivation of NF‐κB in RAW264.7 mouse monocyte/macrophage lineage cells. Furthermore, we showed that Å6 attenuated the Akt phosphorylation, and promoted the AMPK phosphorylation.ConclusionÅ6 is involved in the suppression of LPS‐promoted inflammatory osteoclastgensis and bone destruction by regulating the AMPK and Akt pathways. These findings provide a basis for clinical strategies to improve the bone loss caused by inflammatory diseases.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its association with lifestyle and cardiovascular biomarkers among postmenopausal women in western Algeria
Authors: Khalfa Ali , Tiali Amina , Zemour Lakhdar , Fatah Azzedine , Mekki Khedidja 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components, and their relationship with lifestyle, inflammation, and oxidative stress among postmenopausal Algerian women.MethodsA prospective cross‐sectional survey was conducted among postmenopausal women at a clinic in Oran, Algeria, from March 1 to June 28, 2015. A diagnosis of MetS was made using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Demographic, clinical, metabolic, inflammatory, dietary, and energy variables were assessed.ResultsAmong 183 participants, 106 (57.9%) were diagnosed with MetS. Components of MetS included hypertension (n=144, 78.7%), hyperglycemia (n=135, 73.8%), hypertriglyceridemia (n=125, 68.3%), abdominal obesity (n=123, 67.2%), and low levels of high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (n=121, 66.1%). Although daily energy expenditure was similar among the women with or without MetS, total energy intake was increased in the group with MetS (P<0.001). The following measures were also increased among women with MetS: saturated fatty acid intake (P<0.001), C‐reactive protein (P=0.051), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (P<0.001), and carbonyls (P<0.001). By contrast, decreased monounsaturated fatty acid intake (P=0.024) and catalase activity (P<0.001) were observed in this group.ConclusionPostmenopausal status could predict MetS, with inflammation and oxidative stress arising from an unhealthy lifestyle potentially increasing cardiovascular risk.
Fucoidan ameliorates pancreatic β‐cell death and impaired insulin synthesis in streptozotocin‐treated β cells and mice via a Sirt‐1‐dependent manner
Authors: Yu Wen‐Chun , Chen Yen‐Lin , Hwang Pai‐An , Chen Tso‐Hsiao , Chou Tz‐Chong 
Published: May 2017

ScopeSeveral beneficial biological functions of fucoidan (FO) isolated from brown algae have been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether FO derived from Sargassum hemiphyllum ameliorates pancreatic β‐cell damage and impaired insulin synthesis under diabetic condition.Methods and resultsThe effects of FO were studied in streptozotocin (STZ)‐treated pancreatic β‐cell line, NIT‐1cells, and mice. The cell apoptosis, protein analyses, histological examination, and pancreatic function assays were performed. The increased pancreatic β‐cell apoptosis and decreased insulin secretion observed in STZ‐treated NIT‐1 cells and mice were greatly attenuated by FO. Moreover, FO has an ability to enhance glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) and sirtuin 1 (Sirt‐1) activity through activation of AMPK/GAPDH/PDX‐1 cascade in STZ‐treated β cells. However, the effects of FO were significantly reversed by EX527, a specific Sirt‐1 inhibitor. Similarly, the hyperglycemia, lower expression of Sirt‐1, PDX‐1, and GLP‐1R in the pancreas of diabetic mice were markedly improved after FO administration.ConclusionWe demonstrated that FO exhibits an anti‐diabetic effect mainly through attenuation of β‐cell death, thereby elevating insulin synthesis by upregulating PDX‐1 and GLP1‐R via a Sirt‐1‐dependent manner. Therefore, FO‐containing food or supplements may have a therapeutic effect for diabetes by preventing β‐cell damage and dysfunction.
Prospective association between body mass index at midlife and healthy aging among French adults
Authors: Ruhunuhewa Indunil , Adjibade Moufidath , Andreeva Valentina A. , Galan Pilar , Hercberg Serge , Assmann Karen E. , Kesse‐Guyot Emmanuelle 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the association between midlife body mass index (BMI) and healthy aging (HA) in the French SU.VI.MAX cohort.MethodsHA was assessed in 2007 to 2009 among 2,733 individuals, aged 45 to 60 years and free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline (1994‐1995). HA was defined as not developing any major chronic disease, good physical and cognitive functioning, no limitations in instrumental activities of daily living, no depressive symptoms, no health‐related limitations in social life, good overall self‐perceived health, and no function‐limiting pain. Associations between anthropometric indicators (measured in 1995‐1996) and HA were assessed using robust‐error‐variance Poisson regression.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, BMI (continuous) was negatively associated with HA: relative risk (RR) = 0.97 (95% confidence interval = 0.96‐0.99). Moreover, the detrimental role of obesity (RRobesity vs. normal weight = 0.67 [0.51–0.88]) was substantially stronger than that of overweight (RRoverweight vs. normal weight = 0.91 [0.81‐1.01]). Furthermore, while metabolically healthy individuals with overweight had a similar HA probability as metabolically healthy individuals with normal weight, metabolically unhealthy overweight individuals had a substantially lowered HA probability.ConclusionsThis study provides novel evidence that an elevated BMI at midlife may jeopardize the preservation of health during aging. Our results also highlight the importance of maintaining a healthy metabolic profile during midlife.
Closed‐form stress solutions for incompressible visco‐hyperelastic solids in uniaxial extension
Authors: Kossa Attila 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper is concerned with the theory of incompressible visco‐hyperelastic solids. Closed‐form stress solutions are derived for five different visco‐hyperelastic material models in uniaxial extension. Two loading scenarios are considered: uniaxial extension with constant true strain‐rate; uniaxial extension with constant engineering strain‐rate. The obtained stress solutions are expressed using only elementary functions, when the applied stretch is linear in the true strain. However, for the constant engineering strain‐rate case, all the solutions are expressed using special functions, even for the very simple Hencky's hyperelastic material model. The novel solutions can be used to improve the performance and accuracy of the parameter‐fitting procedure of a particular visco‐hyperelastic solid. In addition, the closed‐form expressions for the stresses may serve reference solution for benchmark problems.
A simple method for comparing age–length keys reveals significant regional differences within a single stock of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus)
Authors: Gerritsen Hans D. , McGrath David , Lordan Colm 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
A multinomial logistic model is presented as a tool for comparing two or more age–length keys. The model provides an objective way to fill in missing values and can be used for estimating uncertainty and visualizing age–length keys (ALKs). An example of haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) in ICES Division VIa (West of Scotland) is used to illustrate significant regional differences in the proportions of age-at-length. These differences are caused by regional variation in both length-at-age and relative abundance at age. As the length-at-age data are normally not weighted by the local catch rate (abundance), the ALK of the combined age data can result in strongly biased estimates of numbers-at-age. In the present case, the use of unweighted age data would have resulted in an overestimate of recruitment of nearly 200%, and an underestimate of spawning-stock biomass of 15%. Comparing ALKs using this method has several practical applications.
The use of local anesthesia and sedation in transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization with Doppler
Authors: Formiga Fernanda Bellotti , Magi João Carlos , Santos Bruna Fernandes dos , Boarini Lucas Rodrigues , Oliveira Pietro Dadalto , Vieira Renata Bandini , Formiga Galdino José Sitonio 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe treatment of hemorrhoidal disease has never been as innovated as in recent decades. The transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization with Doppler (THD) was described under general anesthesia or spinal blockage and there is no use of local anesthesia reports. This study aims to evaluate the safety of the use of local anesthesia with sedation in THD. For this purpose, two cases are reported describing the technical and safety analysis and results. Both patients were women with grade II and III hemorrhoidal disease. These patients underwent pre-anesthetic sedation with intravenous diazepam, then were positioned in lithotomy and sedated with midazolam and pethidine. The intersphincteric blockage was followed by THD with mucopexy. One patient made a small submucosal hematoma without expansion. The patients were stable and comfortable throughout the procedure. Both were discharged the next day, with regular analgesia. In the seventh postoperative day, both had mild annoyance at constant tenesmus, which was reduced gradually. The cases illustrate that THD is feasible when performed with local anesthesia and sedation, as it is safe and effective. This new technology can be incorporated into services that have a local anesthesia protocol as their standard.
Use of implantable and external loop recorders in syncope with unknown causes
Authors: Tanno Kaoru 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe gold standard for diagnosing syncope is to elucidate the symptom‐electrocardiogram (ECG) correlation. The ECG recordings during syncope allow physicians to either confirm or exclude an arrhythmia as the mechanism of syncope. Many studies have investigated the use of internal loop recorder (ILR), while few studies have used external loop recorder (ELR) for patients with unexplained syncope. The aim of this review is to clarify the clinical usefulness of ILR and ELR in the diagnosis and management of patients with unexplained syncope. Many observational and four randomized control studies have shown that ILR for patients with unknown syncope is a useful tool for early diagnosis and improving diagnosis rate. ILR also provides important information on the mechanism of syncope and treatment strategy. However, there is no evidence of total mortality or quality of life improvements with ILR. The diagnostic yield of ELR in patients with syncope was similar to that with ILR within the same timeframe. Therefore, ELR could be considered for long‐term ECG monitoring before a patient switches to using ILR. A systematic approach and selection of ECG monitoring tools reduces health care costs and improves the selection of patients for optimal treatment possibilities.