bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Service ecosystems, markets and business networks
Authors: Holmqvist Jonas , Diaz Ruiz Carlos 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
Recent research demonstrates how firms strive to shape their business environment and level the playing field in their favor. To explain this phenomenon, business scholars use competing notions: markets, business networks and service ecosystems. The purpose of this paper is to identify and address a potential problem, in that these notions overlap to a considerable extent, as scholars tend to draw from and contribute to academic silos.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors approach the issue of potential overlaps in the current literature on markets, business networks and service ecosystems through a literature review of each of these three concepts, with special attention to both their overlaps and differences.

Findings
The authors’ review of the extant literature allows the authors to concur with Ballantyne et al. (2011) that contemporary service research shows a tendency to create, adopt and overuse labels. This situation has given rise to what the authors term “academic silos” in which even closely related research stream tend to become isolated, and the authors posit that a more holistic view would be beneficial.

Originality/value
The authors offer two main contributions to the existing literature. The first contribution is mainly theoretical, aimed at business research, and consists of providing a review and understanding of the partly competing, partly complimentary concepts of markets, business networks and service ecosystems, in which the authors’ further address service ecosystems based on both a service-dominant logic and a service logic understanding. The second contribution is more managerial, arguing for the need of the successful business research to consider the desired end result of contributing to successful business practices.
The rise of P2P ecosystem: a service logics amplifier for value co-creation
Authors: Simone Cristina , La Sala Antonio , Montella Marta Maria 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine peer production (P2P) conceived as an ecosystem for value co-creation. First, this paper provides information on the specific P2P method for value co-creation, which is based on distributed technologies, cognitive slack and search for quality, to provide outputs that are open to continuous improvement. Second, aiming to fill the extant literature gap, this paper discusses the efficient dimension of P2P, providing a framework for the net benefit analysis of the economies and diseconomies that affect the value co-creation processes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper identifies three main literature clusters that are focused on P2P, namely, economical, sociological and organizational clusters, and integrates them with the economics of organizational perspective to elicit information on the efficient dimension of P2P. This efficient dimension is expressed by a net benefit analysis of the economies and diseconomies that affect the P2P value co-creation processes.FindingsThe P2P ecosystem is characterized by the intensive interaction among cognitive slack and distributed technologies. This complex interaction presents interesting implications in terms of efficiency that, until now, have not been analyzed in the literature. Aiming to fill the extant literature gap, this paper provides a consistent analytical framework that simultaneously takes into account the economies of knowledge integration and potential diseconomies, that is, the costs of coordination and loss of control that arise from the adoption and diffusion of distributed technologies.Originality/valueThis paper provides an original explanation of P2P as an emergent ecosystem that serves as a service logics amplifier of value co-creation. In this regard, analysis of the key features of P2P not only sheds new light on P2P, but also allows for the reflection on the ecosystem’s framework, which promotes a virtuous interaction between the conceptual speculation and understanding of reality. Moreover, the proposed framework for the net benefit analysis of the P2P value co-creation model draws the attention of managers and decision makers as they consider the following issue: value co-creation jointly considers not only its benefits, but also its associated costs.
The viable system perspective of actors in eco-systems
Authors: Polese Francesco , Carrubbo Luca , Bruni Roberto , Maione Gennaro 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show the relevance of the interest in sharing the common purpose and in searching for a common survival of emerging eco-system (ES) as an entity that “is not” but emerges by the viable actors interaction.Design/methodology/approachThis conceptual paper contributes to the research by defining the ES building on the contributions of SD logic and viable systems approach (VSA), with a particular focus on the VSA perspective.FindingsAn ES emerges as a viable “system of systems” by an observer’s interpretation of the simultaneous interactions between different viable actors/systems that are sharing a common purpose (the survival of the ES), exchanging resources following a viable value co-creation model. Each actor/system could represent a level of quality of belonging to the ES looking for the opportunity to be resonant with the ES.Research limitations/implicationsThe ES features and the role of each actor inside could be deepened through different theoretical perspectives and the same VSA to the ES could be reached with empirical explorations.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the nature of the ES, the practitioners are able to explain better their position in relation to partners and competitors. It is possible to be a part of several emerging ESs looking for the will to contribute to the ES’ survival and to the sharing of the purpose of the interactive systems/actors. In a medium and long run, the measure of the resonance is useful to understand the quality in interaction.Originality/valueThe work provides a definition of the ES and the actors inside focusing on the perspective of VSA, by integrating the concept of viable value co-creation and solidarity-based logic; in particular, the concept of Centro Commerciale Naturale is used to show the emergence of the ES in a relational context generated by the interaction between city, service and retailers in a city center.
The effect of APOE, CETP, and PCSK9 polymorphisms on simvastatin response in Thai hypercholesterolemic patients
Authors: Wanmasae Smith , Sirintronsopon Wisant , Porntadavity Sureerut , Jeenduang Nutjaree 
Published: August 2017

SummaryAimTo investigate the effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE), cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) and proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin type 9 (PCSK9) polymorphisms on the lipid‐lowering response to simvastatin therapy in Thai hypercholesterolemic patients.MethodTwo hundred and twenty‐five hypercholesterolemic patients in southern Thailand were enrolled and treated with simvastatin 20 or 40 mg per day for 3 months. Serum lipids were measured before and after the therapy. APOE, CETP TaqIB, and PCSK9 (R46L, I474V, and E670G) polymorphisms were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP).ResultsAfter 3 months of simvastatin therapy, subjects with APOE2 (Total cholesterol [TC]: −30.89% vs−13.56%, P < .05, LDL‐C: −45.00% vs −17.73%, P < .05) and APOE3 carriers (TC: −26.22% vs −13.56%, P < .05, LDL‐C: −37.14% vs −17.73%, P < .05) had greater TC and LDL‐C reduction compared to APOE4 carriers, whereas CETP TaqIB B2B2 genotype showed lower TC (−16.37% vs −24.92%, P = .016) and LDL‐C (−22.54% vs −35.19%, P = .028) reduction compared to CETP TaqIB B1 carriers. In addition, PCSK9 474IV carriers showed greater LDL‐C (−50.57% vs −32.99%) reduction compared to PCSK9 474II carriers. Combined effect analyses showed that individuals carrying more risk alleles tended to have lower TC and LDL‐C (P for trend = .000 and .000, respectively) reduction in response to simvastatin therapy.ConclusionAPOE4 carriers and the CETP TaqIB B2B2 genotype were associated with a decreased response, but PCSK9 474IV carriers tended to be associated with an increased response to simvastatin therapy in Thai hypercholesterolemic patients.
Rate Control With Beta‐blockers Versus Calcium Channel Blockers in the Emergency Setting: Predictors of Medication Class Choice and Associated Hospitalization
Authors: Atzema Clare L. , Austin Peter C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesRate control is an important component of the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Previous studies of emergency department (ED) rate control have been limited by relatively small sample sizes. We examined the use of beta‐blockers (BBs) versus nondihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) in ED patients from 24 sites and the associated hospital admission rates.MethodsIn this preplanned substudy, we examined chart data on AF patients who visited one of 24 hospital EDs in Ontario, Canada, between April 2008 and March 2009. We describe the proportion of patients who received either a BB or a CCB, had a heart rate < 110 beats/min 2 hours later, and had any complications. We used hierarchical logistic regression modeling to determine the predictors of BB versus CCB use and to assess the between‐hospital variation in use of BBs versus CCBs. Solely in patients who had no rhythm control attempts, we examined the difference in the probability of hospital admission after propensity score matching patients by medication class.ResultsOf the 1,639 patients who received either a BB (n = 429) or a CCB (n = 1,210), 70.9% of the patients who received a BB had successful rate control versus 66.1% for a CCB. Complications were rare (2.4%), and the large majority were hypotension (2.0%). In adjusted analyses, predictors of receiving a BB (compared to a CCB) included already being on a BB, being sent in from a doctor's office, or being seen at a teaching hospital. In contrast, patients with evidence of heart failure, prior use of a CCB, a higher presenting heart rate, or a successful pharmacologic cardioversion (vs. no attempt) or who were seen at the highest AF volume EDs were significantly less likely to receive a BB, compared to a CCB. Systematic between‐hospital differences accounted for 8% of the variation in BB versus CCB use. Hospital characteristics accounted for the large majority of that variation: after accounting for patient characteristics the between‐hospital variation decreased by a relative 2.8%. By further adjusting for hospital characteristics, it decreased by a relative 74.7%. Among propensity score–matched patients with no rhythm control attempts, more CCB patients were admitted (51.6%) compared to BB patients (40.0%; difference of 11.6%; 95% confidence interval = 7.9%–16.2%).ConclusionsIn this study of 24 EDs, CCBs were used more frequently for rate control than BBs, and complications were rare and easily managed using both agents. Variation between hospitals in BB versus CCB use was predominantly due to hospital characteristics such as teaching status and AF volumes, rather than different case mix. Among patients who did not receive attempts at rhythm control, use of a BB for rate control was associated with a lower rate of hospitalization.
Accuracy of second trimester prediction of preterm preeclampsia by three different screening algorithms
Authors: Al‐Amin Ahmed , Rolnik Daniel Lorber , Black Carin , White Adrienne , Stolarek Caroline , Brennecke Shaun , da Silva Costa Fabricio 
Published: August 2017

AimTo compare the performance of three different screening methods (National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines, American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) recommendations and Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm) for second trimester prediction of preeclampsia.MethodsThis was a prospective non‐intervention study in singleton pregnancies, including women attending for second trimester morphologic ultrasound at 19–22 weeks. Maternal characteristics, medical history, mean arterial pressure and mean uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index were recorded and used for risk assessment. Outcomes measured were preeclampsia with delivery before 34, before 37 and after 37 weeks gestation. Detection rates, false positive rates and positive likelihood ratios were calculated, and receiver operating characteristic curves were produced.ResultsWe screened 543 women during the study. The incidence of preeclampsia before 34, before 37 and after 37 weeks was 0.5, 1.4 and 3.4%, respectively. Detection rates for prediction of preterm preeclampsia were 75% (95% CI 34.9–96.8), 87% (95% CI 47.3–99.6), 100% (95% CI 63.0–100) and 100% (95% CI 63.0–100) for NICE guidelines, ACOG recommendations, FMF algorithm with a 1:100 cut‐off and FMF algorithm at 1:60 cut‐off, respectively. False positive rates were, 22, 67, 19 and 12% for NICE guidelines, ACOG recommendations, FMF algorithm with a 1:100 cut‐off and FMF algorithm at 1:60 cut‐off, respectively.ConclusionSecond trimester combined screening for preterm preeclampsia by maternal history, mean arterial pressure and mean uterine artery Doppler pulsatility index (FMF algorithm) was superior to screening by maternal factors alone (NICE guidelines and ACOG recommendations).
Steering Clear of the Dead: Avoiding Ancestors in the Moquegua Valley, Peru
Authors: Sharratt Nicola 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTAncestors are a central and recurring theme in scholarship on mortuary practices in the pre‐Hispanic Andes. Archaeological and ethnohistoric data indicate that in many times and places the dead were critical social actors. Physical interaction with the bodies and spaces of ancestors was important in legitimizing claims to heritage, land, resources, and status. Yet, relatively neglected in the literature on Andean attitudes to the dead is how people dealt with other people's ancestors. To address this, I examine how a Late Intermediate Period community, who circa AD 1250 occupied an earlier terminal Middle Horizon village in southern Peru, managed interactions with their predecessors’ dead. Excavations at the site reveal considerable evidence for active avoidance of cemeteries associated with the older village, which contrasts with the re‐utilization of earlier domestic space. Moreover, aversion to the ancestors of others was practiced alongside active engagement with the new community's “own” dead. Drawing on Lau's recent (2013) discussion of alterity in the ancient Andes, I propose that just as interacting with one's own ancestors is frequently interpreted as a way of reifying belonging, steering clear of the dead can be equally powerful in community building and identity negotiation during major sociopolitical upheaval. [alterity, funerary practice, Andean South America]
Mental training in surgical education: a systematic review
Authors: Davison Sara , Raison Nicholas , Khan Muhammad S. , Dasgupta Prokar , Ahmed Kamran 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundPressures on surgical education from restricted working hours and increasing scrutiny of outcomes have been compounded by the development of highly technical surgical procedures requiring additional specialist training. Mental training (MT), the act of performing motor tasks in the ‘mind's eye’, offers the potential for training outside the operating room. However, the technique is yet to be formally incorporated in surgical curricula. This study aims to review the available literature to determine the role of MT in surgical education.MethodsEMBASE and Medline databases were searched. The primary outcome measure was surgical proficiency following training. Secondary analyses examined training duration, forms of MT and trainees level of experience. Study quality was assessed using Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials scores or Quality Assessment Tool for Before‐After (Pre‐Post) Studies with No Control Group.ResultsFourteen trials with 618 participants met the inclusion criteria, of which 11 were randomized and three longitudinal. Ten studies found MT to be beneficial. Mental rehearsal was the most commonly used form of training. No significant correlation was found between the length of MT and outcomes. MT benefitted expert surgeons more than medical students or novice surgeons.ConclusionThe majority studies demonstrate MT to be beneficial in surgical education especially amongst more experienced surgeons within a well‐structured MT programme. However, overall studies were low quality, lacked sufficient methodology and suffered from small sample sizes. For these reasons, further research is required to determine optimal role of MT as a supplementary educational tool within the surgical curriculum.
Outcomes of childbearing Medicaid beneficiaries engaged in care at Strong Start birth center sites between 2012 and 2014
Authors: Jolles Diana R. , Langford Rae , Stapleton Susan , Cesario Sandra , Koci Anne , Alliman Jill 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundVariations in care for pregnant women have been reported to affect pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis study examined data for all 3136 Medicaid beneficiaries enrolled at American Association of Birth Centers (AABC) Center for Medicare and Medicaid Innovation Strong Start sites who gave birth between 2012 and 2014. Using the AABC Perinatal Data Registry, descriptive statistics were used to evaluate socio‐behavioral and medical risks, and core perinatal quality outcomes. Next, the 2082 patients coded as low medical risk on admission in labor were analyzed for effective care and preference sensitive care variations. Finally, using binary logistic regression, the associations between selected care processes and cesarean delivery were explored.ResultsMedicaid beneficiaries enrolled at AABC sites had diverse socio‐behavioral and medical risk profiles and exceeded quality benchmarks for induction, episiotomy, cesarean, and breastfeeding. Among medically low‐risk women, the model demonstrated effective care variations including 82% attendance at prenatal education classes, 99% receiving midwifery‐led prenatal care, and 84% with midwifery‐ attended birth. Patient preferences were adhered to with 83% of women achieving birth at their preferred site of birth, and 95% of women using their preferred infant feeding method. Elective hospitalization in labor was associated with a 4‐times greater risk of cesarean birth among medically low‐risk childbearing Medicaid beneficiaries.ConclusionsThe birth center model demonstrates the capability to achieve the triple aims of improved population health, patient experience, and value.
A preliminary assessment of a new dedicated endodontic software for use with CBCT images to evaluate the canal complexity of mandibular molars
Authors: Gambarini G. , Ropini P. , Piasecki L. , Costantini R. , Carneiro E. , Testarelli L. , Dummer P. M. H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate in vivo the complexity of canals within mesial roots of mandibular molars using 3D Endo™ software linked to CBCT images.MethodologyThe CBCT images of 100 mandibular first molars were analysed using the 3D Endo™ software. The number of canals in the mesial roots, the presence of apical confluences, the canal lengths and the canal configurations using Vertucci's classification were evaluated in buccolingual (BL) and mesiodistal (MD) views. The software allowed the visualization of canal trajectories in three dimensions using a coloured outline, which was used to develop a new objective scoring system to provide an overall assessment of canal complexity. Data were analysed statistically using anova and t‐tests with the significance set at P < 0.05.ResultsVertucci type IV canals were found in 44% of the cases, whilst 54% were type II. The mean distance from the apical foramen to the orifice was 13.15 mm (±1.21) and that between a confluence and the foramen, 2.81 mm (±1.13). The number of curvatures and the canal complexity scores in the MD view were significantly higher than in the BL view (P < 0.05). The scores were not directly correlated to the canal (MB versus ML), to the canal length or to the presence of confluences.Conclusions3D Endo software features the automatic detection and measurement of several anatomical canal parameters, and is a promising tool for the study of canal complexity in vivo. The unpredictable anatomy of the mesial roots of mandibular molars highlights the value of a three‐dimensional preoperative evaluation of each case. The proposed scoring system aims to provide the clinician with an overall assessment of canal complexity.
A new classification system for the restoration of root filled teeth
Authors: Zarow M. , Ramírez‐Sebastià A. , Paolone G. , de Ribot Porta J. , Mora J. , Espona J. , Durán‐Sindreu F. , Roig M. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of this report is to (i) review the current literature on the status of root filled teeth, (ii) analyse the most important factors in decision‐making, (iii) discuss the current restorative concepts, and (iv) classify both the evidence and clinical practice in a way that seeks to be clear, understandable and helpful for clinicians. Restoration of root filled teeth represents a challenge for the clinician and remains a controversial subject. The guidelines describe a new classification that is drawn from evidence presented in the literature and also from clinical expertise‐based reviews. It describes five categories of teeth.
Simulating the life course of psoriasis patients: the interplay between therapy intervention and marital status
Authors: Linder M.D. , Frigessi A. , Piaserico S. , Keilman N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundPsoriasis, a chronic relapsing inflammatory disease affecting primarily the skin, shows multiple comorbidities including depression, cardiovascular diseases and other relevant conditions. Psoriasis patients experience social isolation, job loss, financial difficulties and partnership problems. Inversely, psychosocial impairments may negatively influence the disease course.ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of a model describing the interaction of psychosocial and clinical factors over the life course of patients.MethodsWe considered only seven states for members of a hypothetical population: single and healthy, single and having a psoriasis flare, single and ‘cured’, coupled and healthy, coupled and having a psoriasis flare, coupled and ‘cured’, and dead. Transition probabilities between states were taken from the Norwegian Population Register for the healthy population and from epidemiological research articles. Clinical experience allowed adjustments on the assumed parameters.ResultsOur macromodel, which simulates the effect of therapy intervention on patients’ partnership status, yields a description of the transitions between the seven states. Treatment efficacy shows only a negligible effect on the chances of living with a partner.ConclusionsMathematical modelling of interactions between social and health variables is in principle feasible. However, complex models, comprising more variables (for instance: employment status, depression level, obesity etc.), are needed for more realistic simulations for the interactions studied. As increasing the number of variables leads to an exponential increase of the model's state space, switching to micromodelling (representing each individual separately) may be necessary.