bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevention of White Spot Syndrome Virus Infection on Penaeus monodon by Immersion in CEPM Extract of Avicennia sp. and Sonneratia sp.
Authors: Wahjuningrum D. , Sholeh S.H. , Nuryati Sri 
Published: February 2017

<p>The quality and survival rate are still being the problem that hampers the productivity of black tiger shrimp, <em>Penaeus monodon</em> culture. Impaired quality of larval shrimp and environmental conditions can confer shrimp be infected by diseases, including viruses such as w<em>hite spot syndrome virus</em> (WSSV). Prevention of disease infection using chemicals can offer negative impacts on water, pathogen resistance and consumers. This study was conducted to examine the efficacy of an alternative prevention compound as liquid mangrove extract (CEPM) from <em>Avicennia </em>sp<em>. </em>and <em>Sonneratia </em>sp. By immersion in different dose of CEPM, i.e. 250, 500, 750 and 1000 ppm, the patogenicity of WSSV was found to be different. Patogenicity of WSSV decreased after treatment by CEPM, hence this could be used to induce shrimp immunity. Optimum dose of CEPM was 250 ppm, which could increased survival rate of shrimp after challenging by WSSV, up to 98.4% shrimp survived.</p> <p>Keywrods: WSSV, black tiger shrimp, extract, <em>Avicennia</em> sp., <em>Sonneratia</em> sp.</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Kualitas dan kelangsungan hidup merupakan masalah yang masih membatasi produktivitas budidaya udang windu <em>Penaeus monodon</em>. Kondisi udang dan kualitas lingkungan yang kurang baik dapat menyebabkan udang terserang penyakit, termasuk yang disebabkan oleh virus termasuk w<em>hite spot syndrome virus</em> (WSSV). Upaya pengendaliannya menggunakan bahan kimia secara berlebih dapat menimbulkan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan perairan, kesehatan konsumen dan menimbulkan resistensi patogen. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas bahan alternatif berupa cairan ekstrak pohon mangrove (CEPM) dari jenis<em> Avicennia </em>sp<em>. </em>dan <em>Sonneratia </em>sp. sebagai upaya pencegahan. Dengan perendaman beberapa konsentrasi yang berbeda (250, 500, 750 dan 1000 ppm) penggunaan cairan ekstrak pohon mangrove (CEPM) <em>Avicennia </em>sp.<em> </em>dan <em>Sonneratia </em>sp<em>.</em>, memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap patogenitas WSSV dan udang uji pada setiap perlakuan. Tingkat patogenitas WSSV relatif menurun setelah perlakuan tersebut sehingga dapat digunakan untuk merangsang kekebalan tubuh udang. Perlakuan yang optimal yaitu pada dosis 250 ppm, dimana pada perlakuan ini dapat meningkatkan kelangsungan hidup udang uji yang diuji tantang dengan w<em>hite spot syndrome virus</em> (WSSV) dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup 98,4 %.</p> <p>Kata kunci: WSSV, udang windu, ekstrak, <em>Avicennia</em> sp., <em>Sonneratia</em> sp.</p> <p> </p>
Growth performance of African catfish (Clarias sp.) juvenile fed on the diets containing various chromium content
Authors: Aryansyah H. , Mokoginta I. , Jusadi D. 
Published: February 2017

<p>This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of different dietary chromium level on the growth performance of catfish (<em>Clarias</em> sp.) juvenile. Five experimental diets contain different chromium level, namely diet A (as a control diet) 0.01; B 1.30; C 2.60; D 3.90 and E 5.20 mg/kg diet were used in this experiment. Fish with body weight of 5.57 ± 0.01 g/ind, fed on the experimental diet, twice a day, at satiation. Feeding trial was conducted for 60 days. Based on the evaluation of protein level of the whole body, protein and lipid retention, daily growth rate and feed efficiency, it was concluded that the optimum dietary chromium level for catfish juvenile was 2.60 mg/kg diet.</p> <p>Keywords: chromium, growth, <em>Clarias</em> sp.</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian kromium dengan level berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan ikan lele (<em>Clarias</em> sp.) juvenil. Lima jenis pakan yang mengandung kromium berbeda, yaitu pakan A (kontrol) 0,01; B 1,30; C 2,60; D 3,90 dan pakan E 5,20 mg/kg digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Ikan dengan bobot 5,57 ± 0,01 g/ind., diberi pakan 2 kali sehari secara satiasi. Pemeliharaan ikan dilakukan selama 60 hari. Berdasarkan analisa retensi protein, kandungan protein dan retensi lemak dalam tubuh ikan lele, disimpulkan bahwa kadar kromium yang optimum untuk juvenil ikan lele adalah 2,60 mg/kg pakan.</p> Kata kunci: kromium, pertumbuhan, <em>Clarias </em>sp.
Identification and Koch Postsulate Test of Fungal Causative Disease in Gouramy Fish
Authors: Nuryati Sri , Sari F.B.P. , Taukhid . 
Published: February 2017

<p>Micotic diseases caused by aquatic fungi is often found in gouramy fish (<em>Osphronemus goramy</em> Lac.) at various stages from egg hatching to adult. Samples of fungi were isolated and identified from eggs and fish indicated with fungal diseases infection. <em>Saprolegnia</em> was identified in infected egg whereas <em>Aphanomyces </em>sp. was identified in the internal part (underneath lesion) of gouramy fish. Postulate Koch tests was further confirmed that both species could infect gouramy fish. </p> <p>Keyword : Gouramy, fungi, <em>Saprolegnia</em> and <em>Aphanomyces</em></p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penyakit mikotik yang disebabkan oleh cendawan akuatik sering ditemui pada ikan gurame (<em>Osphronemus goramy</em> Lac.) dari fase penetasan telur sampai ukuran dewasa. Dari isolasi dan identifikasi yang dilakukan terhadap telur yang terinfeksi dan permukaan tukak diperoleh cendawan <em>Saprolegnia</em>, sedangkan isolasi dan dan identifikasi dari bagian internal (dibawah tukak) ikan gurame diperoleh cendawan <em>Aphanomyces </em>sp. Dari uji reinfeksi dengan menggunakan Postulat Koch diperoleh hasil bahwa cendawan <em>Saprolegnia </em>yang diisolasi dari telur gurame maupun cendawa cendawan <em>Aphanomyces</em> dari tukak dapat menginfeksi ikan gurame.</p> <p>Kata kunci : gurame, cendawan, <em>Saprolegnia</em> dan<em> Aphanomyces</em></p>
Growth of Banggai Cardinalfish Pterapogon kauderni Reared at Different Salinity in a Controlled System
Authors: Madinawati . , Ndobe Samliok , Gamgulu Afiat 
Published: February 2017

<p>The research was conducted to study the effect of salinity on the growth of Banggai Cardinalfish <em>Pterapogon kauderni</em>. The research was set up in completely randomized design with different salinity as the main variable, i.e. 27, 29, 31, 33 and 35 ppt with 4 replications<strong>.</strong> The result showed that the lowest salinity (27 ppt) resulted in the highest fish growth (1.625 g).</p> <p>Keywords : Growth, salinity, Banggai Cardinalfish</p> <p> </p> <p>ABSTRAK</p> <p>Penelitian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh salinitas terhadap pertumbuhan ikan kardinal banggai<em> Pterapogon kauderni</em> yang dipelihara dalam akuarium. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 5 perlakuan salinitas, yaitu 27, 29, 31, 33 dan 35 ppt, masing-masing 4 kali ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan berat mutlak (1,625 g) tertinggi diperoleh pada salinitas 27 ppt.</p> <p>Kata kunci : Pertumbuhan, salinitas, Kardinal Banggai</p>
Uang dan ruang yang berkelanjutan dalam pembentukan Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes)
Authors: Huruta Andrian Dolfriandra , Sasongko Gatot 
Published: February 2017

Money and space were elements that continually contested. This article aimed to described the role of money and space to support development activity, using the case study of Mbatakapidu. “Money” in this article was referred to fund assistance from external parties such as government (central, province or regency), non-governmental organization (NGOs), and internal side such as self-supporting (local resources), while “space” that referred in this article was local institution called BUMDes (Badan Usaha Milik Desa). This research applied qualitative approach by conducting a case study. Data were gathered through in-depth interview to 5 purposively-selected informants. Secondary data from previous research was used as complement to primary data. Researchers also held a focus group discussion to gain more accurate explanation about the phenomena. The case study shows that fund which entered the village was not yet accompanied by the presence of BUMDes, due to the absence of supporting regulations such as regional regulation (Perda) and village regulation (Perdes) about BUMDes East Sumba regency, especially in Mbatakapidu. BUMDes as an instrument to develop village’s economics must followed by the presence of regulation as a legal basis, driven by local value which guide knowledge, attitude and practice of indigenous people.
Concentração letal do glifosato para juvenis de Curimatã-Pacu
Authors: SILVA Emília Tatiane Lopes da , DIAS Maria Letícia Fernandes , PEDREIRA Marcelo Mattos , SANTOS José Barbosa dos 
Published: February 2017

Neste trabalho objetivou-se determinar a CL50 do herbicida glifosato (CL50) para curimatã-pacu, Prochilodus argenteus. O experimento foi realizado na CODEVASF de Três Marias, MG, Brasil, onde teve a duração de 96 h, utilizando-se 240 juvenis de curimatãí pacu (comprimento padrão de 6,4 Â± 8,47 cm; e peso de 8,98 Â± 3,91 g). Os animais foram submetidos a seis concentrações do herbicida: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 e 40 mg.L-1 em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições cada. A cada 24 h foi observado o comportamento dos animais e a taxa de mortalidade, e em 48, 72 e 96 h foram estimadas as CL50. A CL50 de glyphosate em 48, 72 e 96 h foi 20,88; 19,91 e 19,09 mg.L-1, respectivamente. O herbicida provocou natação errática nos peixes.
Patient and Radiographic Factors Help to Predict Metal-on-Metal Hip Resurfacings with Evidence of a Pseudotumor
Authors: Matharu Gulraj S. , Blanshard Oliver , Dhaliwal Kawaljit , Judge Andrew , Murray David W. , Pandit Hemant G. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
The role of radiographs in the follow-up of patients with metal-on-metal hip resurfacing (MoMHR) implants is unclear. We investigated whether a combination of patient and radiographic factors predicted MoMHRs with evidence of a pseudotumor.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective single-center case-control study of 384 MoMHRs. The pseudotumor group of 130 hips all had evidence of a symptomatic pseudotumor on cross-sectional imaging, with the diagnosis confirmed at revision. The nonpseudotumor group of 254 hips (a subgroup of these hips were previously reported on) all had normal findings on cross-sectional imaging. Radiographs taken immediately prior to revision were assessed in the pseudotumor group and were compared with radiographs taken at the time of normal cross-sectional imaging in the nonpseudotumor group. Two blinded independent observers analyzed the radiographs for signs of failure, with excellent interobserver agreement. Logistic regression modeling identified the patient and radiographic predictors of revision for pseudotumor.

Results:
Hips with a pseudotumor more commonly had abnormal findings on radiographs compared to hips without a pseudotumor (80.0% compared with 63.4%; p = 0.001). Patient and radiographic factors predictive of revision for pseudotumor in the multivariable model were female sex (odds ratio [OR], 3.14; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.85 to 5.35; p < 0.001), high inclination (OR, 1.04 per degree; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.07 per degree; p = 0.006), acetabular osteolysis (OR, 5.06; 95% CI, 2.14 to 12.0; p < 0.001), femoral osteolysis (OR, 17.8; 95% CI, 5.09 to 62.2; p < 0.001), and acetabular loosening (OR, 3.35; 95% CI, 1.34 to 8.35; p = 0.009). Factors predictive of not having a pseudotumor were anteversion of ≥5° (5° to <10°: OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.12 to 0.77; p = 0.012; and ≥10°: OR, 0.32; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.70; p = 0.004) and heterotopic ossification (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.72; p = 0.015). The final multivariable model was well calibrated (p = 0.589), with good discriminatory ability (area under the curve = 0.801; sensitivity = 74.4%; specificity = 71.7%).

Conclusions:
A combination of patient and radiographic factors provided useful information for distinguishing between MoMHRs with and without evidence of a pseudotumor. Surgeons may wish to consider these specific patient and radiographic factors before proceeding with cross-sectional imaging. Radiographs are important when assessing patients with MoMHR implants and should be included in all follow-up protocols.

Level of Evidence:
Diagnostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Outcome After Combined Pelvic and Femoral Osteotomies in Patients with Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
Authors: Mosow N. , Vettorazzi E. , Breyer S. , Ridderbusch K. , Stücker R. , Rupprecht M. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome at skeletal maturity of combined pelvic and femoral varus osteotomies in children with Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease.

Methods:
From January 1998 to December 2009, 69 patients with LCP disease underwent combined osteotomies at our institution. Fifty-two children (19 girls and 33 boys) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the study. The LCP disease was classified and the cases of all patients were reviewed at skeletal maturity. The mean age (and standard deviation) at the time of diagnosis was 6.9 ± 2.4 years, and the mean age at the time of surgery was 7.9 ± 2.3 years. The mean time to follow-up was 10.8 ± 3.5 years. The final follow-up radiographs were assessed according to the Stulberg classification and the sphericity deviation score.

Results:
The mean Harris hip score at the time of follow-up was 90 ± 13.2. According to the Harris hip score grading system, 37 patients (71%) had an excellent outcome; 8 patients (15%), a good result; 3 patients (6%), a fair result; and 4 patients (8%), a poor result. Seven patients (13%) were classified as having a Stulberg class-I hip; 20 (38%), a class-II hip; 15 (29%), a class-III hip; 6 (12%), a class-IV hip; and 4 (8%), a class-V hip. The mean sphericity deviation score was 24.4 ± 14.4 at skeletal maturity. There was a strong relationship between a younger age at diagnosis and better functional and radiographic outcomes.

Conclusions:
In the absence of a randomized study design, conclusions have to be drawn with caution. Combined pelvic and femoral osteotomies in these children with LCP disease did not result in better functional or radiographic outcomes compared with the historic results of Salter osteotomy or proximal femoral osteotomy alone.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Vancomycin and Ceftazidime in Bone Cement as a Potentially Effective Treatment for Knee Periprosthetic Joint Infection
Authors: Hsu Yung-Heng , Hu Chih-chien , Hsieh Pang-Hsin , Shih Hsin-Nung , Ueng Steve W.N. , Chang Yuhan 
Published: February 2017

Background:
The aim of this study was to determine the optimal formulation of antibiotic-loaded bone cement for knee periprosthetic joint infection. We used both in vitro and in vivo models incorporating various broad-spectrum antibiotics and tested their efficacy against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Methods:
Bone cement specimens loaded with 4 g of either vancomycin or teicoplanin and 4 g of ceftazidime, imipenem, or aztreonam were studied to measure their in vitro antibiotic release characteristics and antibacterial capacities against methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. Bone cement spacers loaded with the antibiotics with the superior in vitro antibacterial capacity were then implanted into 8 patients (4 women and 4 men between 51 and 79 years of age) diagnosed with chronic knee periprosthetic joint infection. The antibiotic concentrations and antibacterial activities in the joint fluid at the site of the infection were measured following spacer implantation.

Results:
Cement samples loaded with vancomycin and ceftazidime exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against the test microorganisms that lasted for as long as or longer than that of cement loaded with the other antibiotic combinations. Joint fluid samples exhibited activity against bacteria including American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains and clinically isolated strains.

Conclusions:
Bone cement loaded with vancomycin and ceftazidime provided broad-spectrum antibacterial capacity both in vitro and in vivo and was shown to be a potentially effective therapeutic measure in the treatment of knee periprosthetic joint infections.

Clinical Relevance:
This study confirmed the potential effectiveness of drug delivery from bone cement spacers impregnated with vancomycin and ceftazidime.
Long-Term Outcome After Pectoralis Major Transfer for Irreparable Anterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Moroder Philipp , Schulz Eva , Mitterer Marian , Plachel Fabian , Resch Herbert , Lederer Stefan 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Promising short-term outcomes after pectoralis major tendon transfer for the treatment of an irreparable anterosuperior rotator cuff tear have been reported. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term outcome.

Methods:
Twenty-seven consecutive patients with irreparable anterosuperior rotator cuff tears without advanced cuff arthropathy or advanced humeral head migration were treated with a partial subcoracoid pectoralis major tendon transfer between 2004 and 2005. At an average of 10 years (range, 9 to 11 years) postoperatively, 22 patients (82%) with an average age of 62 years (range, 42 to 74 years) at the time of surgery had a long-term follow-up examination that included the pain score, strength and range-of-motion assessment, Constant score, Simple Shoulder Test (SST), as well as radiographic and ultrasonographic imaging. The long-term results were compared with the preoperative findings as well as the short-term results that were collected from a previous evaluation.

Results:
The adjusted Constant score increased from 54% to 87% at the short-term follow-up (p < 0.001) and remained improved at the long-term follow-up, with a mean score of 83% (p = 0.001). While the significant improvement of the pain level at the short-term follow-up was maintained at the time of final follow-up (p = 0.001), the increase in strength returned to the preoperative level (p = 0.178), and the improvement in range of motion diminished again over time despite remaining significantly improved (p = 0.029), especially with regard to internal rotation (p < 0.001). At the long-term follow-up, 77% of the patients were very satisfied with the procedure. A third of the patients had no progression of cuff arthropathy, a third had progression by 1 grade, and a third had progression by ≥2 grades. At the time of final follow-up, 1 patient (5%) had undergone revision surgery to reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Conclusions:
Pectoralis major tendon transfer for the treatment of irreparable anterosuperior rotator cuff tears results in a significant clinical improvement even 10 years after surgery, especially with respect to pain and internal rotation. Despite long-term radiographic progression of cuff arthropathy, patient satisfaction remains high over time, with a low rate of salvage with reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Early Results of Acetabular Reconstruction After Wide Periacetabular Oncologic Resection
Authors: Abdel Matthew P. , von Roth Philipp , Perry Kevin I. , Rose Peter S. , Lewallen David G. , Sim Franklin H. 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Reliable acetabular fixation in total hip arthroplasty following periacetabular resections is challenging. Tantalum components have been successfully implemented for difficult revision arthroplasties, but, to our knowledge, have not been reported for acetabular reconstruction following oncologic periacetabular resection. The primary purpose of the current study was to determine the early clinical outcomes, complications, and radiographic findings for acetabular reconstruction after oncologic periacetabular resection. In addition, a novel classification scheme for primary periacetabular resections and reconstructions is presented.

Methods:
We reviewed 10 consecutive patients treated with tantalum acetabular reconstruction following periacetabular resection. All patients had a primary acetabular malignancy including chondrosarcoma (n = 7) and osteosarcoma (n = 3). The cohort included 6 males (60%). The mean age was 54 years (range, 30 to 73 years). The mean follow-up was 59 months (range, 8 to 113 months).

Results:
At the most recent follow-up, 9 patients were alive and 1 had died of the respective disease. All patients obtained full ambulatory status with the use of gait aids. Postoperative complications included dislocation (n = 3), wound-healing disturbance (n = 1), and deep venous thrombosis (n = 1). Two patients underwent reoperations for recurrent dislocations. The mean postoperative Harris hip score was 75 points (range, 49 to 92 points).

Conclusions:
Preliminary results of tantalum reconstruction following periacetabular resections provide reasonable improvement in early clinical outcomes and stable fixation in situations with massive bone loss and compromised bone quality. As expected due to the lack of a functioning abductor mechanism from the wide oncologic resection, early dislocations remain a concern. As such, we now consider the primary use of increasing constraint, but it must be balanced with the often compromised host bone.

Level of Evidence:
Therapeutic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Changes in the frequency and characteristics of children diagnosed with autistic disorder in two Norwegian cohorts: 1992 and 2009
Authors: Romhus Sidsel , Herder Gyro Aas , Grindheim Elisabeth , Schjølberg Synnve , Howlin Patricia 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Background:
Is the increasing prevalence of autistic disorder (AD) a well-documented trend or merely a reflection of the wider recognition of AD among both the public at large and health care professionals? Data from relevant studies are frequently compromised by comparisons of different sites and different diagnostic methods.

Objectives:
To explore changes over time, we reviewed the following: 1) the frequency of AD diagnoses; 2) the characteristics of the diagnosed children; and 3) the ages of the children when initial concerns were addressed and AD diagnoses made.

Method:
We compared the case records of children between the ages of 1 and 17 years who were residing in Nordland County, Norway, and who were diagnosed with AD during two different data collection periods: 1992 (Cohort 1) and 2009 (Cohort 2).

Results:
In Cohort 1, 28 children were diagnosed with AD; 71 children in Cohort 2 received AD diagnoses. The increase was greatest among children with intelligence quotient (IQ) values of at least 70. The proportion of children with genetic syndromes was around 20% in both cohorts. Median age at AD diagnosis did not differ between the two cohorts (4.5 vs. 5.0 years, respectively). When the two cohorts were combined, children with IQ values of 70 or more without a genetic syndrome and those with IQ values of less than 50 with genetic syndromes were diagnosed at approximately the same age (5.5 and 5.3 years, respectively). Both groups were significantly older at diagnosis as compared with children with IQ values of less than 50 without genetic syndromes (3.5 years).

Conclusions:
The increase in the number of children diagnosed with AD is consistent with findings from international studies. Contrary to predictions, the age at diagnosis was not reduced over time. A higher proportion of children with IQ values in the average range in the latter cohort may have contributed to this. A delayed diagnosis of AD among children with genetic syndromes may indicate that early autism symptoms are attributed to the genetic condition. Clinical implications are discussed.