bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of polysiloxane with 5,5‐dimethylhydantoin‐based N‐halamine pendants for biocidal functionalization of polyethylene by supercritical impregnation
Authors: Chen Yong , Zhang Qiang , Han Qiuxia , Mi Yazhen , Sun Shuwei , Feng Chunyan , Xiao Han , Yu Panwei , Yang Cuiying 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAn N‐halamine precursor 3‐(3‐hydroxypropyl)‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin (HPDMH) has been synthesized. The N‐halamine precursor was reacted with poly(methylhydrosiloxane) (PMHS) to produce a biocidal polysiloxane with 5,5‐dimethylhydantoin‐based N‐halamine pendants through silane alcoholysis and subsequent chlorination of hydantoin ring with tert‐butyl hypochlorite. The N‐halamine polysiloxane was impregnated into inert polyethylene (PE) fibers and formed a 68‐nm coating layer in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) for antibacterial application. The PE fibers before and after impregnation were characterized by XPS and SEM. The N‐halamine polysiloxane impregnated PE samples provided effective biocidal activities against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli compared with unmodified ones that did not display obvious antibacterial activities. The coating layer on PE substrate was stable toward washing cycles, storage, and UV irradiation and the rechargeability of lost active chlorines was good. The scCO2 impregnation approach uses environmentally friendly CO2 as solvent and can be applied to both reactive and nonreactive substrates since it does not require covalent bonds to tether biocidal moieties. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44721.
Mechanical and anticorrosion properties of furan/epoxy‐based basalt fiber‐reinforced composites
Authors: Wang Zhi , Cao Ni , He Jing , Du Ruikui , Liu Yaqing , Zhao Guizhe 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA furan/epoxy blend applicable to composite manufacture was studied and corresponding basalt fiber‐reinforced composites were prepared. The processability, mechanical properties, and reasons for the improved mechanical properties of this blend were investigated by rheology machine, mechanical testing machine, and scanning electron microscopy. With excellent processability, furan/epoxy was suitable for manufacturing composites. Furan/epoxy with the ratio of 5/5 showed the best properties, and the impact strength, flexural strength and flexural modulus were 15.43 kJ/m2, 102.81 MPa, and 3209.40 MPa, respectively. The river‐like fracture surface of the furan/epoxy system was well consistent with the mechanical properties. The mechanical and anti‐corrosive properties of basalt fiber‐reinforced furan/epoxy composites were also studied. The mechanical properties of composites changed the same as those of furan/epoxy matrix did. Furan resin effectively improved the anti‐acid but not anti‐alkali property of composites, probably because furan could be cured in acidic condition and basalt fiber was resistant to acid and alkali. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44799.
Metal‐Ion‐Mediated Supramolecular Assembly of C3‐Peptides
Authors: Wang Jun , Shao Feng , Li Wen , Yan Jiatao , Liu Kun , Tao Pei , Masuda Toshio , Zhang Afang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn investigation on a supramolecular assembly of C3‐molecules benzene‐1,3,5‐tricarboxamides carrying tetrapeptide Gly‐Ala‐Gly‐Ala pendants promoted by hydrogen bonding and metal ion coordination is described. A Gly‐Ala peptide sequence was selected as it is the most abundant repeating unit in silkworm silk, and known to form β‐sheets through efficient intermolecular hydrogen bonds. These C3‐peptides formed long helical fibers in solvents mainly owing to strong hydrogen bonding. However, in the presence of divalent metal ions, chirality of these helical fibers was enhanced through metal coordination and could be transformed into nanospheres with an excess amount of the ions. Different metal ions show different tendencies to mediate the supramolecular chirality, which can even be inverted according to coordination differences.
A simple and selective UHPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of plantagoguanidinic acid in rat plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Zhong Ruijian , Yu Yan , Zheng Yangbing , Chen Weikang , Zhou Guoping , Ding Jianhong , Yuan Mingming 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA simple, sensitive and specific UHPLC–MS/MS method for quantification of plantagoguanidinic acid (PGA) in rat plasma was applied to investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior in vivo, using protopine as internal standard. The chromatography was separated on a Phenomenex® Luna‐C18 column (2.1 × 150 mm, 3.0 μm) within 7.0 min using a mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile–0.1% formic acid solution under gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Prepared samples were monitored by multiple reaction monitoring mode, with the target fragmentions m/z 226.2 → 84.2 for PGA and m/z 354.2 → 188.9 for IS in positive electrospray ionization. The calibration curve of PGA was linear throughout the range 1–1000 ng/mL (r = 0.9962). The lower limit of quantitation in plasma for PGA was 0.1 ng/mL, and the recovery was >88.6%. Intra‐ and interday accuracy ranged from −8.6 to 4.9%. Furthermore, this validated method was successfully used for a pre‐clinical pharmacokinetic study of PGA at a single dose of 20 and 5 mg/kg in rats via oral and intravenous administration. The study showed that PGA was absorpted rapidly and eliminated gradually with a greater absolute oral bioavailability of 70.1% in rats.
Application of Wet Nanostructured Bacterial Cellulose as a Novel Hydrogel Bioanode for Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Mashkour Mehrdad , Rahimnejad Mostafa , Mashkour Mahdi , Bakeri Gholamreza , Luque Rafael , Oh Sang‐Eun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this study, wet bacterial cellulose (BC) with a water content of more than 98% was utilized as a novel scaffold to design bioanodes for microbial fuel cells (MFCs). At first, unmodified wet BC was used a bioanode. Then a simple in situ synthesis of polypyrrole (PPYR) at various pyrrole concentrations was subsequently performed on the BC‘s fibers to generate the novel bioanodes. Characterization of the BC‐PPYR nanobiocomposites was conducted by using ATR‐FTIR, XRD, and FESEM. The performance of the nanobiocomposites was studied in a MFC system by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and polarization curves. A power density of 136 mW/m2 and a current density of 662 mA/m2 were found for BC‐PPYR, which are superior to those of graphite (1 mW/m2 and 9 mA/m2, respectively). The results were attributed to a good adhesion of bacterial cells to the fibrous surface of BC, permanent capillary transfer of nutrients, the conductive content of hydrogel BC, and good conductivity and catalytic activity of PPYR in the nanocomposite.
Impact of ethnicity on the outcome of men with metastatic, hormone‐sensitive prostate cancer
Authors: Bernard Brandon , Muralidhar Vinayak , Chen Yu‐Hui , Sridhar Srikala S. , Mitchell Edith P. , Pettaway Curtis A. , Carducci Michael A. , Nguyen Paul L. , Sweeney Christopher J. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDProstate cancer (PCa) outcomes are impacted by socioeconomic and biologic factors. Ethnicity plays a role in the former, but little is known about the responsiveness of metastatic PCa to androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) among races.METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry was used to identify men who were diagnosed with distant, de novo, metastatic PCa from 2004 to 2012. Patterns of presentation, overall survival (OS), and PCa‐specific mortality (PCSM) were determined for each race. E3805 clinical trial data also were retrospectively reviewed to assess outcomes of ADT and ADT plus docetaxel by race.RESULTSOf all PCa diagnoses in SEER, distant, de novo, metastatic disease was diagnosed in 4.2% of non‐Hispanic whites, 5.8% of Hispanic whites, 5.7% of blacks, 5.5% of Asians/Pacific Islanders, and 8.8% of American Indians/Alaska Natives (P < .001; chi‐square test). The median OS differed by race, with superior OS observed among Asian men (30 months) than among men of other races (range, 24‐25 months; P < .001). Asians also had a superior median PCSM (54 months) compared with the other races (range, 35‐40 months; P < .001). In E3805, chemohormonal therapy was associated with a median OS of 58.1 months (95% confidence interval, 48.8‐72.9 months) and 57.6 months (95% confidence interval, 27.7‐57.6 months) in non‐Hispanic whites and blacks, respectively. Few Asians participated in the E3805 trial.CONCLUSIONSAsian men have superior median OS and PCSM for distant, de novo, metastatic PCa than men of other race. Non‐Hispanic whites and blacks who receive treatment with ADT or chemohormonal therapy have comparable outcomes. Cancer 2017;123:1536–1544. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Imidazoquinoxaline derivative EAPB0503: A promising drug targeting mutant nucleophosmin 1 in acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Nabbouh Ali I. , Hleihel Rita S. , Saliba Jessica L. , Karam Martin M. , Hamie Maguy H. , Wu Hsin‐Chieh J. M. , Berthier Caroline P. , Tawil Nadim M. , Bonnet Pierre‐Antoine A. , Deleuze‐Masquefa Carine , El Hajj Hiba A. 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDNucleophosmin 1 (NPM1) is a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein mainly localized in the nucleolus. NPM1 is frequently mutated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). NPM1c oligomerizes with wild‐type nucleophosmin 1 (wt‐NPM1), and this leads to its continuous cytoplasmic delocalization and contributes to leukemogenesis. Recent studies have shown that Cytoplasmic NPM1 (NPM1c) degradation leads to growth arrest and apoptosis of NPM1c AML cells and corrects wt‐NPM1 normal nucleolar localization.METHODSAML cells expressing wt‐NPM1 or NPM1c or transfected with wt‐NPM1 or NPM1c as well as wt‐NPM1 and NPM1c AML xenograft mice were used. Cell growth was assessed with trypan blue or a CellTiter 96 proliferation kit. The cell cycle was studied with a propidium iodide (PI) assay. Caspase‐mediated intrinsic apoptosis was assessed with annexin V/PI, the mitochondrial membrane potential, and poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase cleavage. The expression of NPM1, p53, phosphorylated p53, and p21 was analyzed via immunoblotting. Localization was performed with confocal microscopy. The leukemia burden was evaluated by flow cytometry with an anti‐human CD45 antibody.RESULTSThe imidazoquinoxaline 1‐(3‐methoxyphenyl)‐N‐methylimidazo[1,2‐a]quinoxalin‐4‐amine (EAPB0503) induced selective proteasome‐mediated degradation of NPM1c, restored wt‐NPM1 nucleolar localization in NPM1c AML cells, and thus yielded selective growth arrest and apoptosis. Introducing NPM1c to cells normally harboring wt‐NPM1 sensitized them to EAPB0503 and led to their growth arrest. Moreover, EAPB0503 selectively reduced the leukemia burden in NPM1c AML xenograft mice.CONCLUSIONSThese findings further reinforce the idea of targeting the NPM1c oncoprotein to eradicate leukemic cells and warrant a broader preclinical evaluation and then a clinical evaluation of this promising drug. Cancer 2017;123:1662–1673. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Population‐based screening program for reducing oral cancer mortality in 2,334,299 Taiwanese cigarette smokers and/or betel quid chewers
Authors: Chuang Shu‐Lin , Su William Wang‐Yu , Chen Sam Li‐Sheng , Yen Amy Ming‐Fang , Wang Cheng‐Ping , Fann Jean Ching‐Yuan , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia , Lee Yi‐Chia , Chiu Han‐Mo , Chang Dun‐Cheng , Jou Yann‐Yuh , Wu Chien‐Yuan , Chen Hsiu‐Hsi , Chen Mu‐Kuan , Chiou Shu‐Ti 
Published: January 2017

BACKGROUNDTo reduce oral cancer mortality, an organized, population‐based screening program for the early detection of oral premalignancy and oral cancer was designed for high‐risk individuals with habits of betel quid chewing, cigarette smoking, or both. The objective of this report was to evaluate the long‐term effectiveness of this program in reducing the incidence of advanced disease and deaths from oral cancer.METHODSA nationwide, population‐based screening program for oral cancer has been conducted in Taiwan since 2004. Residents aged ≥ 18 years with oral habits of cigarette smoking and/or betel quid chewing were invited. The standardized mortality ratio method was used to compare the observed numbers of advanced oral cancers and deaths from oral cancer among screening attendees with the expected numbers derived from mortality among nonattendees. An intention‐to‐treat analysis of the relative rate of reductions in advanced‐stage oral cancers and oral cancer mortality also was conducted.RESULTSThe overall screening rate was 55.1%. The relative risk of death from oral cancer was 0.53 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.51‐0.56) as a result of screening compared with the expected risk of oral cancer deaths in the absence of screening. The corresponding relative risk was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.72‐0.77) after adjusting for self‐selection bias. The relative risk of advanced oral cancer for the screened group versus the nonscreened group was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.59‐0.64), which increased to 0.79 (95% CI, 0.76‐0.82) after adjustment for self‐selection bias.CONCLUSIONSAn organized, population‐based oral cancer screening program targeting more than 2 million Taiwanese cigarette smokers and/or betel quid chewers demonstrated the effectiveness of reducing stage III or IV oral cancers and oral cancer mortality. These evidence‐based findings corroborate and support the screening strategy of oral visual inspection for the prevention of oral cancer among high‐risk individuals in areas with a high incidence of oral cancer. Cancer 2017;123:1597–1609. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Social and biophysical variation in regional timber harvest regimes
Authors: Thompson Jonathan R. , Canham Charles D. , Morreale Luca , Kittredge David B. , Butler Brett 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn terms of adult tree mortality, harvesting is the most prevalent disturbance in northeastern United States forests. Previous studies have demonstrated that stand structure and tree species composition are important predictors of harvest. We extend this work to investigate how social factors further influence harvest regimes. By coupling the Forest Inventory and Analysis database to U.S. Census and National Woodland Owner Survey (NWOS) data, we quantify social and biophysical variation in the frequency and intensity of harvesting throughout a 20‐state region in the northeastern United States. Among social factors, ownership class is most predictive of harvest frequency and intensity. The annual probability of a harvest event within privately owned forest (3%/yr) is twice as high as within publicly owned forests (1.5%/yr). Among private owner classes, the annual harvest probability on corporate‐owned forests (3.6%/yr) is 25% higher than on private woodlands (2.9%/yr). Among public owner classes, the annual probability of harvest is highest on municipally owned forests (2.4%/ yr), followed by state‐owned forests (1.6%/yr), and is lowest on federal forests (1%/yr). In contrast, corporate, state, and municipal forests all have similar distributions of harvest intensity; the median percentage of basal area removed during harvest events is approximately 40% in these three owner groups. Federal forests are similar to private woodlands with median harvest intensities of 23% and 20%, respectively. Social context variables, including local home prices, population density and the distance to a road, help explain the intensity, but not the frequency, of harvesting. Private woodlands constitute the majority of forest area; however, demographic data about their owners (e.g., their age, educational attainment, length of land tenure, retired status) show little relationship to aggregate harvest behavior. Instead, significant predictors for harvesting on private woodlands include live‐tree basal area, forest type, and distance from roads. Just as with natural disturbance regimes, harvest regimes are predictable in terms of their frequency, intensity, and dispersion; and like their natural counterparts, these variables are determined by several important dimensions of environmental context. But in contrast to natural disturbance regimes, the important dimensions of context for harvesting include a combination of social and biophysical variables.
Nonnative fish stocking alters stream ecosystem nutrient dynamics
Authors: Alexiades Alexander V. , Flecker Alexander S. , Kraft Clifford E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEach year, millions of hatchery‐raised fish are stocked into streams and rivers worldwide, yet the effects of hatchery‐raised fish on stream nutrient cycles have seldom been examined. We quantified the influence of supplemental nonnative fish stocking, a widespread recreational fishery management practice, on in‐stream nutrient storage and cycling. We predicted that supplemental, hatchery‐raised brown trout (Salmo trutta) stocking would result in increased N and P supply relative to in‐stream biotic demand for those nutrients and that stocked fishes would remineralize and store a significantly greater amount of N and P than the native fish community, due to higher areal biomass. To test these predictions, we measured the biomass, nutrient (NH4+‐N and soluble reactive phosphorus [SRP]) remineralization rates, and body carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of the native fish community and trout stocked into four study streams. We then estimated fish growth rates to determine species‐specific nutrient sequestration rates in body tissues for both stocked and native fish and measured ammonium and phosphorus uptake rates to determine the relative influence of net fish nutrient remineralization on stream nutrient cycles. When brown trout were stocked in these systems at density levels that were orders of magnitude higher than ambient native fish density, they provided a sizeable source of NH4+‐N that could account for up to 85% of demand for that nutrient. Stocked trout had minimal effects on in‐stream SRP cycles even at high release densities, likely due to low per capita SRP excretion rates. A unique feature of our study was that we evaluated the temporal component of the stocked trout nutrient subsidy by estimating the number of fish removed from the system through natural mortality and angler harvest, which indicated that the stocked trout subsidy lasted approximately 6–8 weeks after stocking. By combining population models with areal nutrient excretion rates and estimates of biotic nutrient uptake, we showed that trout stocking provided a strong pulsed nutrient subsidy.
Characterizing the effect of polymyxin B antibiotics to lipopolysaccharide on Escherichia coli surface using atomic force microscopy
Authors: Oh Yoo Jin , Plochberger Birgit , Rechberger Markus , Hinterdorfer Peter 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLipopolysaccharide (LPS) on gram‐negative bacterial outer membranes is the first target for antimicrobial agents, due to their spatial proximity to outer environments of microorganisms. To develop antibacterial compounds with high specificity for LPS binding, the understanding of the molecular nature and their mode of recognition is of key importance. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and single molecular force spectroscopy were used to characterize the effects of antibiotic polymyxin B (PMB) to the bacterial membrane at the nanoscale. Isolated LPS layer and the intact bacterial membrane were examined with respect to morphological changes at different concentrations of PMB. Our results revealed that 3 hours of 10 μg/mL of PMB exposure caused the highest roughness changes on intact bacterial surfaces, arising from the direct binding of PMB to LPS on the bacterial membrane. Single molecular force spectroscopy was used to probe specific interaction forces between the isolated LPS layer and PMB coupled to the AFM tip. A short range interaction regime mediated by electrostatic forces was visible. Unbinding forces between isolated LPS and PMB were about 30 pN at a retraction velocity of 500 nm/s. We further investigated the effects of the polycationic peptide PMB on bacterial outer membranes and monitored its influences on the deterioration of the bacterial membrane structure. Polymyxin B binding led to rougher appearances and wrinkles on the outer membranes surface, which may finally lead to lethal membrane damage of bacteria. Our studies indicate the potential of AFM for applications in pathogen recognition and nano‐resolution approaches in microbiology.
A reduced reference video quality assessment of H.264 and mpeg2 codec based on sharpness metric
Authors: Ben Amor Mohamed , Larabi Mohamed‐Chaker , Kammoun Fahmi , Masmoudi Nouri 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new perceptually significant video quality metric for the H.264/Motion Picture Expert Group (MPEG)‐4 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and MPEG2 standard. Our method operates in the spatial domain by using the Sobel filter. The proposed approach does not require a high computational complexity and can be suitable for real‐time evaluation. We evaluate the performance of the proposed method by using three Common Intermediate Format sequences at different compression rates. The comparison of the obtained results is made with some video quality models using “LIVE”, “IVP” and “IRCCyN/IVC 1080i” databases. The performance metrics, i.e. Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients, indicate that the proposed method gives a good performance in H264 and MPEG2 codec distortions with the three databases comparing with other models.
Evaluation of the surgical apgar score in patients undergoing Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy
Authors: Strøyer Simon , Mantoni Teit , Svendsen Lars Bo 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe Surgical Apgar Score is a simple outcome score based on intraoperative parameters. The scoring system is recently validated in patients undergoing esophagectomy but without comparable results. This study evaluated the ability of the original and modified Surgical Apgar Scores to predict major complications in a patient population undergoing Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy.MethodsWe retrospectively examined 234 patients who successfully underwent Ivor–Lewis esophagectomy at Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen from November 23, 2011 till November 23, 2014. Major complications were defined as Clavien–Dindo grade IIIa or higher within 30 days after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess factors associated with major complications. Receiver operating characteristics were performed for determination of the predictive value of the Surgical Apgar Score scoring systems.ResultsThere were 64 (27.4%) patients with at least one major complication and 4 (1.7%) deaths. The original and modified versions of the Surgical Apgar Score were not associated with major complications and the scoring systems showed no significant predictive value when receiver operating characteristics were performed.ConclusionsThe original or modified versions of the Surgical Apgar Score could possibly be useful in some subgroups of esophagectomy patients, but should not be considered to have a general predictive value. J. Surg. Oncol. 2017;115:186–191. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.