bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of eating disorders examination questionnaire in Mexican women
Authors: Unikel Santoncini Claudia , Bojorquez Chapela Ietza , Díaz de León Vázquez Concepción , Vázquez Velázquez Verónica , Rivera Márquez José Alberto , Galván Sánchez Griselda , Rocha Velis Ingrid 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundEfficient assessment of eating disorders (ED) is indispensable for research and clinical practice in Mexico. One of the most commonly used questionnaires, the EDE‐Q, has a self‐applicable questionnaire format with 28 questions and four subscales drawn from the Eating Disorder Examination (EDE), a semistructured interview developed to evaluate the specific symptomatology of eating disorders.ObjectiveObtain the factorial structure and construct validity of the EDE‐Q questionnaire in Mexican women.MethodThe language in the EDE‐Q was adapted. It was applied to university students (N = 330) and a sample of patients with ED (N = 165) from two ED outpatient treatment services. The anthropometric data of the participants was obtained. Internal consistency was explored using the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient and a confirmatory factor analysis was conducted by group.ResultsCronbach's alpha was 0.9 for the full scale in all groups, while the reliability of each of the subscales fluctuated between 0.8 and 0.9. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the fit of the seven‐item model in three factors was better than that of the original 22‐item one and that of the eight‐item model for one factor.ConclusionsThis study provides information supporting the seven‐item and three‐factor version, rather than the original or eight‐item versions of the EDE‐Q. In the future, the adapted version of the EDE‐Q will make it possible to draw comparisons between Mexican samples in other socio‐cultural contexts. Future research is required to continue refining the instruments to achieve more representative results from the general ED population.
Are parental self‐efficacy and family flexibility mediators of treatment for anorexia nervosa?
Authors: Sadeh‐Sharvit Shiri , Arnow Katherine D. , Osipov Lilya , Lock James D. , Jo Booil , Pajarito Sarah , Brandt Harry , Dodge Elizabeth , Halmi Katherine A. , Johnson Craig , Kaye Walter , Wilfley Denise , Agras W. Stewart 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveFamily‐based treatment (FBT) for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN) promotes faster weight restoration when compared to other treatments. However, the mechanisms through which this occurs are not clarified. This study explored the trajectories of parental self‐efficacy and perceived family flexibility during FBT and systemic family therapy (SyFT). We also explored whether parental self‐efficacy mediates the effects of treatment on weight gain early in treatment.Method158 adolescents (12–18 years old; 89% girls) and their parents were randomized to FBT or SyFT. Parental self‐efficacy as well as adolescents' and parental perceptions of the family's flexibility were collected at baseline and at sessions 2, 4, 6, and 8.ResultsOver time, only parents in FBT reported significantly greater self‐efficacy. The change in maternal self‐efficacy over the first 8 weeks of treatment was a significant mediator of session 10 weight gain. There were no significant group differences in perceived flexibility by session 8.DiscussionBoth parents in FBT and mothers in SyFT understand early the need to change their family's rules and roles. However, the specific strategies of FBT appear to mediate early weight gain in AN.
Interannual variations in needle and sapwood traits ofPinus edulisbranches under an experimental drought
Authors: Guérin Marceau , Martin‐Benito Dario , von Arx Georg , Andreu‐Hayles Laia , Griffin Kevin L. , Hamdan Rayann , McDowell Nate G. , Muscarella Robert , Pockman William , Gentine Pierre 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the southwesternUSA, recent large‐scale die‐offs of conifers raise the question of their resilience and mortality under droughts. To date, little is known about the interannual structural response to droughts. We hypothesized that piñon pines (Pinus edulis) respond to drought by reducing the drop of leaf water potential in branches from year to year through needle morphological adjustments. We tested our hypothesis using a 7‐year experiment in central New Mexico with three watering treatments (irrigated, normal, and rain exclusion). We analyzed how variation in “evaporative structure” (needle length, stomatal diameter, stomatal density, stomatal conductance) responded to watering treatment and interannual climate variability. We further analyzed annual functional adjustments by comparing yearly addition of needle area (LA) with yearly addition of sapwood area (SA) and distance to tip (d), defining the yearly ratiosSA:LAandSA:LA/d. Needle length (l) increased with increasing winter and monsoon water supply, and showed more interannual variability when the soil was drier. Stomatal density increased with dryness, while stomatal diameter was reduced. As a result, anatomical maximal stomatal conductance was relatively invariant across treatments.SA:LAandSA:LA/dshowed significant differences across treatments and contrary to our expectation were lower with reduced water input. Within average precipitation ranges, the response of these ratios to soil moisture was similar across treatments. However, when extreme soil drought was combined with highVPD, needle length,SA:LAandSA:LA/dbecame highly nonlinear, emphasizing the existence of a response threshold of combined highVPDand dry soil conditions. In new branch tissues, the response of annual functional ratios to water stress was immediate (same year) and does not attempt to reduce the drop of water potential. We suggest that unfavorable evaporative structural response to drought is compensated by dynamic stomatal control to maximize photosynthesis rates.
Rosarium Philosophorum on Organic Synthesis
Authors: Marek Ilan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMany prominent colleagues have discussed over the years the past and future of our field and it is clear that organic chemistry had, and will continue to have, an extremely important impact on the development of our modern society and on the quality of life. In this essay, I am not planning to repeat the importance of the field, the major breakthroughs that shape our discipline, as several authors of this Rosarium will certainly do it much better than me. I am rather going to express my personal opinion on a general problem that our field has to confront in our modern time and will then discuss the origin, importance and impact of organic chemistry in Israel. Finally, I will finish this Rosario by giving the words to the youngest generation of chemists that will continue to expand organic synthesis to different directions by sharing a “brainstorming” session we had in one of our weekly group meetings.
Cyclotriphosphate associated to fluoride increases hydroxyapatite resistance to acid attack
Authors: Amaral Jackeline G. , Pessan Juliano P. , Souza José Antonio S. , Moraes João Carlos S. , Delbem Alberto Carlos B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study evaluated the effect of sodium trimetaphosphate (TMP) associated or not with fluoride (F) on the structure and dissolution of carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA). Synthetic CHA powder (1.0 g) was suspended in solutions containing TMP at 0–10%, associated with 0, 1100, 4500, or 9000 ppm F, and the precipitates were submitted to a pH cycle (n = 6/group). Samples were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X‐ray diffraction. F, calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) concentrations were determined in CHA, while P and F were analyzed in the supernatants. Data were submitted to analysis of variance, Student‐Newman–Keuls' test and Pearson's correlation coefficient (α = 0.05). Solutions containing 1100 ppm F with TMP between 2–4% and 4500 and 9000 ppm F with TMP between 4 and 8% led to higher Ca/P ratio (p < 0.05) in CHA. Alkali‐soluble F deposition was directly related to TMP concentrations whereas an inverse pattern was observed for acid‐soluble F incorporation (p < 0.05). Greater P adsorption in the CHA structure was observed with increasing concentrations of TMP for the 0 and 1100 ppm F solutions (p < 0.05). All diffractograms and FTIR spectra showed a similar pattern to that for pure hydroxyapatite. Thus, when TMP and F are coadministered, TMP interferes with F deposition on CHA, and an ideal TMP:F ratio can enhance the precipitation of CHA with lower solubility. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2553–2564, 2018.
Recent trends in daily temperature extremes over the central Adriatic region of Italy in a Mediterranean climatic context
Authors: Scorzini Anna R. , Di Bacco Mario , Leopardi Maurizio 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThis study provides an assessment of recent changes in near‐surface air temperature over the central Adriatic region of Italy, focusing on extreme events at annual and seasonal scales. It investigates trends in selected indices calculated from quality controlled and homogenized daily temperature data recorded from 1980 to 2012 at 34 meteorological stations distributed over the territory. The results reveal overall warming tendencies, particularly pronounced in spring and summer, with significant increases in the duration of warm spells (WSDI) and in the frequency of warm days (TX90p) and warm nights (TN90p), summer days (SU) and tropical nights (TR). Moreover, cold‐related extremes (cold spell duration (CSDI), cool days (TX10p) and cool nights (TN10p), frost days (FD) and icing days (ID)) show significant reductions, although of lower magnitudes, thus confirming the recent warming over the study domain. Prevalent increasing tendencies are also observed for absolute extreme temperature indices (highest and lowest daily values of maximum and minimum temperatures), but with more mixed and less uniform spatial patterns. Finally, the influence of large‐scale circulation modes on temperature extremes is examined. The results highlight the presence of significant correlations between most of the selected extreme temperature indices and the East‐Atlantic pattern, in particular for the warm season.
Reviewing Reviews: An Evaluation of Peer Reviews of Journal Article Submissions
Authors: Falkenberg Laura J. , Soranno Patricia A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPublication is the key means by which science is disseminated, with evaluation by journal editors and peer reviewers an important component of the scientific process. Peer reviews are, however, a typically occluded genre of documents not publicly available. Consequently, relatively little is known about peer reviews, including what makes them relevant to editors who are assessing submitted manuscripts. Here we aim to address this knowledge gap by answering the questions: (1) Does reviewer and editor (dis)agreement on the manuscript decision (i.e., accept, minor revision, major revision, reject) relate to how editors assess overall review quality? and, (2) What are the characteristics of review text that distinguish high quality reviews from lower quality reviews for editors? We analyzed 49 reviews of 26 manuscript submissions to Limnology and Oceanography: Letters. We found editor perception of review quality was based on review content rather than if there was agreement on the manuscript decision. Specifically, reviews judged by editors to be ‘highly relevant’ rather than ‘sufficient’ were typically: longer; included more comments related to study goals, analyses conducted, and resulting claims; and contained more descriptive terms related to the manuscript's importance. Reviewers who consider these factors may produce reviews most relevant to editor decisions.
Toenail mercury Levels are associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk
Authors: Andrew Angeline S. , Chen Celia Y. , Caller Tracie A. , Tandan Rup , Henegan Patricia L. , Jackson Brian P. , Hall Brenda P. , Bradley Walter G. , Stommel Elijah W. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Mercury is a neurotoxic metal that is potentially a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Consumption of methylmercury contaminated fish is the primary source of US population exposure to mercury. Methods: We used inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to measure levels of mercury in toenail samples from patients with ALS (n = 46) and from controls (n = 66) as a biomarker of mercury exposure. Results: Patients with ALS had higher toenail mercury levels (odds ratio 2.49, 95% confidence interval 1.18–5.80, P = 0.024) compared with controls, adjusted for age and sex. We also estimated the amount of mercury consumed from finfish and shellfish and found toenail mercury levels elevated overall among patients with ALS and controls in the top quartile for consumption (P = 0.018). Discussion: Biomarker data show that ALS is associated with increased with mercury levels, which were related to estimated methylmercury intake via fish. Replication of these associations in additional populations is warranted. Muscle Nerve 58: 36–41, 2018
Lumbar to sacral root rerouting to restore bladder function in a feline spinal cord injury model: Urodynamic and retrograde nerve tracing results from a pilot study
Authors: Lam Van Ba Ornella , Barbe Mary F. , Caremel Romain , Aharony Shachar , Loutochin Oleg , Jacques Line , Wood Matthew W. , Tiwari Ekta , Tuite Gerald F. , Campeau Lysanne , Corcos Jacques , Ruggieri Michael R. 
Published: January 2018

AimsLumbar to sacral rerouting surgery can potentially allow voiding via a skin‐central nervous system‐bladder reflex pathway. Here, we assessed if this surgery was effective in treating neurogenic bladder dysfunction/sphincter in felines.MethodsEight cats underwent spinal cord transection (SCT) at thoracic level 10/11. Unilateral L7 to S1 ventral root anastomosis was performed 1 month later in six cats. Two cats served as transection‐only controls. Electrical and manual stimulation of L6‐S1 dermatomes, and urodynamics were performed at 3, 5, 7, and 9/10 months post transection. At 9/10 months, cats were also evaluated by direct electrophysiological testing of anastomosed roots with urodynamics, then tissue collection and examination of the root anastomosis site and lumbosacral cord ventral horns for cells retrogradely labeled from tracer dye injected 2 weeks earlier into the bladder wall.ResultsAt 9/10 months, four of six rerouted cats exhibited increased detrusor pressure provoked by cutaneous stimulation, one cat bilaterally. Two cats presented with a voiding stream after ipsilateral cutaneous stimulation at 7 and 9 months. All six rerouted animals showed regrowth of axons from the L7 ventral horn to the bladder, although some aberrant axonal regrowth was also observed.ConclusionL7 to S1 ventral root rerouting below the level of SCT showed successful axonal regrowth to the bladder from the L7 spinal cord segment in all rerouted animals, and induced increased detrusor pressure response to cutaneous stimulation in a subset. This feasibility study paves the way for future animal studies for bladder reinnervation.
Quantification of Incensole in Three Boswellia Species by NIR Spectroscopy Coupled with PLSR and Cross‐Validation by HPLC
Authors: Al‐Shidhani Sulaiman , Rehman Najeeb Ur , Mabood Fazal , Al‐Broumi Muhammed , Hussain Hidayat , Hussain Javid , Csuk Rene , Al‐Harrasi Ahmed 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionIncensole can be considered as a biomarker for Boswellia species which is a diterpene that has received remarkable pharmacological interest recently due to its potent anti‐inflammatory and anti‐depressant activity.ObjectiveNear‐infrared (NIR) spectroscopy coupled with PLSR (partial least squares regression) as a robust, rapid and alternative method was used to quantify the content of incensole in three species namely B. papyrifera, B. sacra and B. serrata and cross‐validated by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Materials and MethodsNIR spectrophotometer was used for the quantification of incensole standards and Boswellia species in absorption mode in the wavelength range between 700 and 2500 nm. A PLSR model was built from the obtained spectral data using 70% of the incensole working standard solutions (training set), ranging from 0.5 to 100 ppm. The PLSR model obtained has a R2 value of 98% with a correlationship of 0.99 and a good prediction with root mean square error for prediction (RMSEP) value of 3.2%.ResultsThe results indicated that the methanol (MeOH) extract of B. papyrifera resin has the highest concentration of incensole (18.4%) followed by n‐hexane (13.5%) and ethyl acetate (3.6%) while trace amounts was detected in the fractions of B. sacra and no incensole was detected in the fractions of B. serrata.ConclusionThe findings are in total agreement with the HPLC analysis suggesting that NIR spectroscopy coupled with PLSR is a robust, rapid and non‐destructive alternate method for the quantification of incensole in B. papyrifera. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intra uterine sludge does not rule out anal ATRESIA
Authors: Burke Yechiel , Gilboa Yinon , Bronshtein Moshe 
Published: January 2018

What's already known about this topic?

It is known that the fetus defecates in utero.
It is known that feces appear as sludge on ultrasound.
What does this study add?

The fact that the presence of sludge on a detailed scan does not rule out anal atresia.
Prolonged grief disorder and depression are distinct for caregivers across their first bereavement year
Authors: Tsai Wei‐I , Kuo Su‐Ching , Wen Fur‐Hsing , Prigerson Holly G. , Tang Siew Tzuh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundProlonged grief disorder (PGD) and depression are recognized as distinct emotional‐distress disorders for bereaved family caregivers. However, this distinction has been mostly validated in cross‐sectional studies, neglecting the dynamic characteristics of bereaved caregivers' emotional distress.ObjectiveTo validate the distinction between symptoms of PGD and depression across the first bereavement year for family caregivers of terminally ill cancer patients.MethodsIn this descriptive, longitudinal study of 394 bereaved Taiwanese family caregivers, we measured symptoms of PGD and depression by the Prolonged Grief‐13 and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES‐D) scales at 6 and 13 months postloss, respectively. Agreement between cases of PGD and severe depressive symptoms (CES‐D score ≥ 16) was analyzed by Cohen's kappa. Structural distinctiveness was longitudinally examined using confirmatory bifactor modeling.ResultsAgreement was poor between cases of PGD and severe depressive symptoms at 6 and 13 months postloss (kappa = .16 [confidence interval = .09, .22] and .12 [confidence interval = .03, .19], respectively). Symptoms of PGD and depression shared a general factor, but were distinct as shown by their significant specific factor loadings at 6 and 13 months postloss. Confirmatory bifactor models showed structural invariance (confirmatory fit index difference < .01 and χ2 difference P > .05) between 6 and 13 months postloss.ConclusionSymptoms of PGD and depression were confirmed as distinct across the first year of bereavement. Health care professionals should recognize early in bereavement that symptoms of PGD and depression are distinct, identify high‐risk groups, and provide care tailored to caregivers' unique needs to facilitate recovery from bereavement‐related emotional‐distress disorders.
Valence bonds in elongated boron clusters
Authors: Arvanitidis Athanasios G. , Lim Kie Zen , Havenith Remco W. A. , Ceulemans Arnout 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA well‐defined class of planar or quasi‐planar elongated boron clusters, of type
, serves as a basis to identify the valence bond picture of delocalized boron networks. The origin of the series is the
cluster, which exhibits σ‐aromaticity. The cluster generating step is the repetitive expansion by three boron atoms in the direction of elongation. Specific electron counting rules are obtained for π‐bonding, peripheral σ‐bonding and multicenter inner σ‐bonding. A valence bond structure is introduced which explains the remarkable regularity in the bonding pattern. The analysis supports 4c‐2e bonds as an alternative to the common 3c‐2e bonds. The results are validated by symmetry induction and ab initio calculations.
Relativistic effects on inversion barriers of pyramidal group 15 hydrides
Authors: Santiago Régis T. , Haiduke Roberto L. A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractQuantum chemistry is an important tool for determining general molecular properties, although relativistic corrections are usually required for systems containing heavy and super heavy elements. Non‐relativistic along with relativistic two‐ and four‐component electronic structure calculations done with the CCSD‐T method and the new RPF‐4Z basis set have therefore been applied for determining inversion barriers, corresponding to the change from a pyramidal (C3v) ground‐state structure to the trigonal planar (D3h) transition state, TS, of group 15 hydrides, XH3 (X= N, P, As, Sb, and Bi). The ground‐state structure of the McH3 molecule, which contains the super heavy element Moscovium, is also predicted as pyramidal (C3v), with an atomization energy of 90.8 kcal mol−1. However, although non‐relativistic calculations still provided a D3h planar TS for McH3, four‐component relativistic calculations based on single‐reference wave functions are unable to elucidate the definitive TS geometry in this case. Hence, the results show that relativistic effects are crucial for this barrier determination in those hydrides containing Bi and Mc. Moreover, while the scalar relativistic effects predominate, increasing barrier heights by as much as 17.6 kcal mol−1 (32%) in BiH3, the spin‐orbit coupling cannot be disregarded in those hydrides containing the heaviest group 15 elements, decreasing the barrier by 2.5 kcal mol−1 (4.5%) in this same molecule.
On the total variation distance between the binomial random graph and the random intersection graph
Authors: Kim Jeong Han , Lee Sang June , Na Joohan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWhen each vertex is assigned a set, the intersection graph generated by the sets is the graph in which two distinct vertices are joined by an edge if and only if their assigned sets have a nonempty intersection. An interval graph is an intersection graph generated by intervals in the real line. A chordal graph can be considered as an intersection graph generated by subtrees of a tree. In 1999, Karoński, Scheinerman, and Singer‐Cohen introduced a random intersection graph by taking randomly assigned sets. The random intersection graph has n vertices and sets assigned to the vertices are chosen to be i.i.d. random subsets of a fixed set M of size m where each element of M belongs to each random subset with probability p, independently of all other elements in M. In 2000, Fill, Scheinerman, and Singer‐Cohen showed that the total variation distance between the random graph and the Erdös‐Rényi graph tends to 0 for any if , where is chosen so that the expected numbers of edges in the two graphs are the same. In this paper, it is proved that the total variation distance still tends to 0 for any whenever .
A simple extraction of blue fountain ink dye (Acid blue 93) from water solutions using Magnetic Textile Solid‐Phase Extraction
Authors: Safarik Ivo , Pospiskova Kristyna 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA recently developed preconcentration procedure “magnetic textile solid‐phase extraction”, based on the use of a magnetically modified textile impregnated with chitosan, was successfully employed for the preconcentration of blue fountain ink dye Acid blue 93 from extremely diluted solutions. This procedure enabled to detect ink dye released from ink written documents immersed in water. The developed procedure can be easily adapted for the detection of large variety of analytes important for environmental, biochemical and forensic analysis.