bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic review: patient‐reported outcome measures in coeliac disease for regulatory submissions
Authors: Canestaro W. J. , Edwards T. C. , Patrick D. L. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackgroundNew therapeutics are moving into phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of coeliac disease, a condition with no established therapies other than gluten‐free diet. These trials will require a meaningful, validated and fit for purpose patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) to quantify the symptomatic improvement of patients.AimTo evaluate existing PROMs for suitability in a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval trial for a coeliac disease therapeutic.MethodWe performed a systematic search in five online databases (MedLine, EmBase, Web of Science, CENTRAL, CINAHL) for studies that enrolled patients with coeliac disease and used PROMs. Studies included in this review had to measure some PROM concept, be patient administered and based upon a previously validated instrument with published measurement properties.ResultsOur literature search identified 2706 unique records of which 199 ultimately qualified for abstraction. The majority of PROMs used in studies of coeliac disease was generic and did not measure numerous symptoms or concerns of interest to patients. Four PROMs were found to contain appropriate content for use in an FDA trial: the coeliac disease‐specific modification of the Gastrointestinal Symptoms Rating Scale (CeD‐GSRS), Psychological General Well‐Being Index (PGWB), the Celiac Disease Symptom Diary (CDSD) and the Celiac Disease Patient Reported Outcome (CeD‐PRO). The GSRS and PGWB are most often used together and are two of the most extensively used measures in coeliac disease. The CDSD and CeD‐PRO were developed exclusively for trials in coeliac disease but have much less published information on their measurement properties.ConclusionsWhile we did not find PROMs that currently meet the stated expectations of the FDA for regulatory purposes, four PROMs (CeD‐GSRS, PGWB, CDSD and CeD‐PRO) appear to contain appropriate content and with modest additional validation work could meet scientific standards for valid and sensitive measures of disease and treatment outcome. Specifically, what is needed for these instruments is an understanding of how sensitive they are to real changes in‐patient condition, how stable they are over a period of time when health status should not have changed (test–retest reliability) as well as how they correlate with other measures of patient functioning such as intestinal biopsy. All of these objectives could feasibly be accomplished over a short cohort study of patients with biopsy‐defined coeliac disease undergoing gluten challenge.
Effect of lairage time, behaviour and gender on stress and meat quality parameters in pigs
Authors: Dokmanovic Marija , Ivanovic Jelena , Janjic Jelena , Boskovic Marija , Laudanovic Milica , Pantic Srdjan , Baltic Milan Z. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to determine the effects of lairage time (short vs. long), behavior (aggressive vs. non‐aggressive) and gender (gilts, barrows and boars) on stress and meat quality parameters in pigs (n = 100). In the group with short lairage, aggressive behavior of gilts and boars was observed. At exsanguination, blood samples were collected and levels of blood lactate and plasma cortisol were determined. Post mortem pH value, temperature, drip loss, sensory and instrumental color and meat quality class were determined on the muscle Longissimus dorsi. Higher blood lactate concentration (P < 0.05) and skin blemish score (P <0.001), lower temperature (P < 0.05) and drip loss (P < 0.01), as well as darker, less red and yellow meat color (P < 0.001) were found after long lairage compared to short lairage. Gilts had higher plasma cortisol concentrations than barrows (P < 0.05), while barrows had lower skin blemish scores (P < 0.05) than gilts and boars after long lairage. The highest incidence of PSE (pale, soft and exudative) meat was observed in barrows (100.00%) and boars (91.67%) after short lairage, while the lowest incidence of PSE meat was found in barrows (28.89%) after long lairage. Aggressiveness affected meat temperature, as aggressive pigs had higher meat temperature (P < 0.05) than non‐aggressive pigs.
Sex identification in the eastern blue‐tongued lizard (Tiliqua scincoides White, ex Shaw, 1790) using morphometrics
Authors: Phillips CA , Roffey JB , Hall E , Johnson RSP 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveTo establish a repeatable, well‐tolerated, non‐invasive technique for sex identification in eastern blue‐tongued lizards (Tiliqua scincoides).MethodsMeasurements were obtained from 69 free living eastern blue‐tongued lizards presented for treatment that were either deceased on arrival or subsequently euthanased on welfare grounds. Weight, head width (H), snout vent length (SVL) and trunk length (T) were recorded. Ratios for head width to snout vent length (H/SVL%) and head width to trunk length (H/T%) were calculated. Sex was identified at necropsy.ResultsEvidence of sexual dimorphism in this population was shown. However, the degree of difference was subtle, requiring the use of ratios in order to refine the technique. Ratios of H/SVL% and H/T% showed significant predictability with respect to sex identification in both adult and sub‐adult lizards.ConclusionThis study established a protocol for a repeatable, non‐invasive technique for sex identification in the eastern blue‐tongued lizard (Tiliqua scincoides) and provides a normal reference range.
Farm economic impacts of bovine Johne's disease in endemically infected Australian dairy herds
Authors: Shephard RW , Williams SH , Beckett SD 
Published: June 2016

ObjectiveTo determine the farm economic impact of bovine Johne's disease (BJD) infection and controls in commercial Victorian dairy herds.DesignBenefit‐cost analysis ofBJDand various control methods in a Victorian dairy herd.ResultsFarm losses fromBJDoccurred from clinical disease. Clinical cases occur on average in 5‐year‐old cows, resulting in losses of A$1895 in the year of culling and A$221 in the year preceding culling, giving a total loss of A$2116. Early removal also resulted in loss of future profit equating to A$375 per year. This is the annualised value of foregone future income and costs expressed as a net present value (NPV). The total loss from removal of a clinical case was estimated as A$2491. The average clinical incidence in infected dairy herds prior to entry into the Victorian Bovine Johne's Test‐and‐Control Program (TCP) was 1.8% and the average Victorian dairy herd size was 262 cows in 2013–14, resulting in annual losses of 4.7 clinical cases if infected and implementing noBJDcontrol. Farm annual loss of profit was estimated as A$11,748 ($44.84 per cow/year). Control ofBJDusing vaccination, test‐and‐cull or combined approaches was economical but the cost of implementation in initial years would exceed disease costs. Vaccination‐based control provided minimal long‐term losses and was the most cost‐effective control over a 10‐year planning horizon.ConclusionEndemicBJDresulted in modest but persistent losses in typical infected dairy herds. Control of disease using test‐and‐cull, vaccination or combined test‐and‐cull with vaccination was cost‐effective.
EUROmediCAT signal detection: a systematic method for identifying potential teratogenic medication
Authors: Luteijn Johannes M. , Morris Joan K. , Garne Ester , Given Joanne , de Jong‐van den Berg Lolkje , Addor Marie‐Claude , Bakker Marian , Barisic Ingeborg , Gatt Miriam , Klungsoyr Kari , Latos‐Bielenska Anna , Lelong Nathalie , Nelen Vera , Neville Amanda , O'Mahony Mary , Pierini Anna , Tucker David , de Walle Hermien , Wiesel Awi , Loane Maria , Dolk Helen 
Published: June 2016

AimsInformation about medication safety in pregnancy is inadequate. We aimed to develop a signal detection methodology to routinely identify unusual associations between medications and congenital anomalies using data collected by 15 European congenital anomaly registries.MethodsEUROmediCAT database data for 14 950 malformed foetuses/babies with first trimester medication exposures in 1995–2011 were analyzed. The odds of a specific medication exposure (coded according to chemical substance or subgroup) for a specific anomaly were compared with the odds of that exposure for all other anomalies for 40 385 medication anomaly combinations in the data. Simes multiple testing procedure with a 50% false discovery rate (FDR) identified associations least likely to be due to chance and those associations with more than two cases with the exposure and the anomaly were selected for further investigation. The methodology was evaluated by considering the detection of well‐known teratogens.ResultsThe most common exposures were genitourinary system medications and sex hormones (35.2%), nervous system medications (28.0%) and anti‐infectives for systemic use (25.7%). Fifty‐two specific medication anomaly associations were identified. After discarding 10 overlapping and three protective associations, 39 associations were selected for further investigation. These associations included 16 which concerned well established teratogens, valproic acid (2) and maternal diabetes represented by use of insulin (14).ConclusionsMedication exposure data in the EUROmediCAT central database can be analyzed systematically to determine a manageable set of associations for validation and then testing in independent datasets. Detection of teratogens depends on frequency of exposure, level of risk and teratogenic specificity.
Toward an Objective and Reproducible Model Choice via Variable Selection Deviation
Authors: Yang Wenjing , Yang Yuhong 
Published: June 2016

SummaryVarious model selection methods can be applied to seek sparse subsets of the covariates to explain the response of interest in bioinformatics. While such methods often offer very helpful predictive performances, their selections of the covariates may be much less trustworthy. Indeed, when the number of covariates is large, the selections can be highly unstable, even under a slight change of the data. This casts a serious doubt on reproducibility of the identified variables. For a sound scientific understanding of the regression relationship, methods need to be developed to find the most important covariates that have higher chance to be confirmed in future studies. Such a method based on variable selection deviation is proposed and evaluated in this work.
Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of the red cell volume disorders
Authors: Badens Catherine , Guizouarn Hélène 
Published: June 2016

SummaryGenetic defects of erythrocyte transport proteins cause disorders of red blood cell volume that are characterized by abnormal permeability to the cations Na+ and K+ and, consequently, by changes in red cell hydration. Clinically, these disorders are associated with chronic haemolytic anaemia of variable severity and significant co‐morbidities, such as iron overload. This review provides an overview of recent insights into the molecular basis of this group of rare anaemias involving cation channels and transporters dysfunction. To date, a total of 5 different membrane proteins have been reported to be responsible for volume homeostasis alteration when mutated, 3 of them leading to overhydrated cells (AE1 [also termed SLC4A1], RHAG and GLUT1 [also termed SCL2A1) and 2 others to dehydrated cells (PIEZO1 and the Gardos Channel). These findings are not only of basic scientific interest, but also of direct clinical significance for improving diagnostic procedures and identify potential approaches for novel therapeutic strategies.
Hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (HMT): an immune‐mediated bone marrow failure characterized by an increased number of PNH‐phenotype cells and high plasma thrombopoietin levels
Authors: Saito Chizuru , Ishiyama Ken , Yamazaki Hirohito , Zaimoku Yoshitaka , Nakao Shinji 
Published: June 2016

SummaryPatients with mild hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia (HMT) that does not meet the diagnostic criteria for a definite disease entity may potentially progress to aplastic anaemia (AA) that is refractory to therapy. To clarify the clinical picture of HMT, we prospectively followed 25 HMT patients with white blood cell count >3·0 × 109/l, haemoglobin level >100 g/l and platelet count of <100·0 × 109/l in the absence of morphological and karyotypic abnormalities in the bone marrow. Glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored protein‐deficient blood cells [paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH)‐type cells] were detected in 7 of the 25 (28%) patients and elevated plasma thrombopoietin (TPO, also termed THPO) levels (>320 pg/ml) were observed in 11 (44%) patients. Five (four PNH+ and one PNH−) of six TPOhigh patients who were treated with ciclosporin (CsA) showed improvement. Among the 21 patients who were followed without treatment, thrombocytopenia progressed in four of ten TPOlow patients and four of 11 TPOhigh patients. The 3‐year failure‐free survival rate of the CsA‐treated TPOhigh patients (100%) was significantly higher than that of the untreated TPOhigh patients (20%). These results suggest that a significant population of HMT patients has an immune pathophysiology that is similar to AA and may be improved by early therapeutic intervention with CsA.
Haplo‐identical transplantation for acquired severe aplastic anaemia in a multicentre prospective study
Authors: Xu Lan‐Ping , Wang Shun‐Qing , Wu De‐Pei , Wang Jian‐Min , Gao Su‐Jun , Jiang Ming , Wang Cun‐Bang , Zhang Xi , Liu Qi‐Fa , Xia Ling‐Hui , Wang Xin , Huang Xiao‐Jun 
Published: June 2016

SummaryWe conducted a prospective, multicentre study to confirm the feasibility of haplo‐identical transplantation in treatment of severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) as salvage therapy, by analysing the outcomes of 101 patients who received haplo‐identical transplantation between June 2012 and October 2015. All cases surviving for more than 28 d achieved donor myeloid engraftment. The median time for myeloid engraftment was 12 (range, 9–25) days and 15 (range, 7–101) days for platelets, with a cumulative platelet engraftment incidence of 94·1 ± 0·1%. With a median follow‐up of 18·3 (3·0–43·6) months, recipients from haplo‐identical transplantation had more cumulative incidence of grade II–IV acute graft‐versus‐host disease (aGVHD, 33·7% vs. 4·2%, P < 0·001), more chronic GVHD (22·4% vs. 6·6%, P = 0·014) at 1 year, but similar grade III–IV aGVHD (7·9% vs. 2·1%, P = 0·157), 3‐year estimated overall survival (OS, 89·0% vs. 91·0%, P = 0·555) and failure‐free survival (FFS, 86·8% vs. 80·3%, P = 0·659) when compared with 48 patients who received contemporaneous transplantation from matched related donors. Multivariate analysis showed no significant difference in engraftment and survival between the two cohorts. Both OS and FFS for the entire population correlated significantly with grades III–IV aGVHD. In conclusion, haplo‐identical transplantation is a feasible choice for SAA with favourable outcomes.
Assessment of cross‐reactivity of new less sensitizing epoxy resin monomers in epoxy resin‐allergic individuals
Authors: Hagvall Lina , Niklasson Ida B. , Rudbäck Johanna , O'Boyle Niamh M. , Niklasson Eva , Luthman Kristina , Karlberg Ann‐Therese 
Published: June 2016

SummaryBackgroundMeasures to prevent occupational exposure to epoxy resins, including education, medical examination, and voluntary agreements between employers and workers, have not been effective enough to protect against skin sensitization. Therefore, alternatives to the major epoxy resin haptens that have been found to be less sensitizing in the local lymph node assay have been developed.ObjectivesTo study the cross‐reactivity of two newly designed epoxy resin monomers, with decreased skin‐sensitizing potency and good technical properties as compared with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), in subjects with known contact allergy to epoxy resin of DGEBA type.Patients and MethodsEleven individuals with previous positive patch test reactions to epoxy resin of DGEBA participated in the study. The two alternative epoxy resin monomers were synthesized and patch tested in dilution series in parallel with epoxy resin of DGEBA from the baseline series (containing 92% DGEBA).ResultsAll participants reacted to epoxy resin of DGEBA on retesting. Three participants reacted to monomer 1. No reactions were seen to monomer 2.ConclusionsThe alternative monomers studied showed little or no cross‐reactivity with epoxy resin of DGEBA. Decreasing the risk of sensitization by using less sensitizing compounds is important, as contact allergy to epoxy resins is common in spite of thorough preventive measures.
The role of alcohol as men desist from physical intimate partner violence
Authors: Walker Kate 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntroduction and AimsAlthough researchers have examined the relationship between alcohol and perpetration of intimate partner violence (IPV), little research has examined the role of alcohol within the process of desistance from IPV, which was the aim of this study.Design and MethodsA mixed‐methods approach was taken as both psychometric test and interview data were analysed. Scores on the Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III alcohol dependence subscale of 37 men deemed to have desisted from IPV, 50 deemed to be persisting with IPV and 49 non‐violent controls were compared. In addition, data about alcohol use from interviews with 13 desisters, 9 persisters, 9 IPV intervention facilitators and 7 female survivors were analysed using thematic analysis to understand the role of alcohol in IPV desistance and persistence.ResultsNo differences were found between the groups' self‐reported alcohol dependence based on their Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory III scores. However, analysis of the interview data revealed that compared with persisters, desisters reported having changed their attitudes towards alcohol and their consumption of it in order to facilitate their cessation of violence.Discussion and ConclusionsStatic measures of alcohol dependence need to be used with caution if looking to identify progress with desistance from IPV. For individuals for whom alcohol played a role in their IPV, changing attitudes and their use of alcohol were described as being important in the process of desistance. Self‐reported attitudes and alcohol use could therefore be used to identify men who are making progress in the process of desistance from IPV. [Walker K. The role of alcohol as men desist from physical intimate partner violence. Drug Alcohol Rev 2017;36:134–142]
Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism in the adult population of the Basque Country, Spain
Authors: Aguayo A. , Urrutia I. , González‐Frutos T. , Martínez R. , Martínez‐Indart L. , Castaño L. , Gaztambide S. ,   the Diabetes Epidemiology Basque Study Group
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimsTo assess the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose metabolism in the Basque Country and their relationship with cardiovascular risk factors.MethodsA population‐based, cross‐sectional, cluster sampling design study was carried out in an adult (≥18 years) Basque population. A total of 847 participants completed a questionnaire on personal and family medical history and lifestyle. Anthropometric variables and blood pressure were measured and biochemical analysis and an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) were also performed.ResultsThe total prevalence of diabetes was 10.6% (95% CI 8.65–12.95). Among them 6.3% (95% CI 4.79–8.22) had previously been diagnosed and 4.3% (95% CI 3.04–5.92) were not aware that they had diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance was present in 7.2% (95% CI 5.53–9.15) and impaired fasting glucose in 3.8% (95% CI 2.64–5.37) of the population. In total, 21.6% of the population had some type of glucose metabolism disturbance, with a higher rate among men (28.3 vs 16.3%; P<0.001) and with the rate increasing with age. Risk factors independently associated with the development of diabetes were: male sex [odds ratio 4.58 (95% CI 2.34–8.97)]; abdominal obesity [odds ratio 2.80 (95% CI 1.47–5.36)]; high triglyceride levels [odds ratio 2.46 (95% CI 1.26–4.81)]; hypertension [odds ratio 2.40 (95% CI 1.16–4.96)]; family history of diabetes [odds ratio 2.30 (95% CI 1.25–4.24)]; high LDL cholesterol levels [odds ratio 1.83 (95% CI 1.01–3.31)] and older age [odds ratio 1.08 (95% CI 1.05–1.10)].ConclusionsThe prevalence of diabetes in the Basque Country was lower than in Spain and was independently associated with family history of diabetes and with cardiovascular risk factors such as abdominal obesity, hypertension, high LDL cholesterol levels and high triglyceride levels, which were also observed in those with prediabetes.
Ocean acidification affects marine chemical communication by changing structure and function of peptide signalling molecules
Authors: Roggatz Christina C. , Lorch Mark , Hardege Jörg D. , Benoit David M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOcean acidification is a global challenge that faces marine organisms in the near future with a predicted rapid drop in pH of up to 0.4 units by the end of this century. Effects of the change in ocean carbon chemistry and pH on the development, growth and fitness of marine animals are well documented. Recent evidence also suggests that a range of chemically mediated behaviours and interactions in marine fish and invertebrates will be affected. Marine animals use chemical cues, for example, to detect predators, for settlement, homing and reproduction. But, while effects of high CO2 conditions on these behaviours are described across many species, little is known about the underlying mechanisms, particularly in invertebrates. Here, we investigate the direct influence of future oceanic pH conditions on the structure and function of three peptide signalling molecules with an interdisciplinary combination of methods. NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations were used to assess the direct molecular influence of pH on the peptide cues, and we tested the functionality of the cues in different pH conditions using behavioural bioassays with shore crabs (Carcinus maenas) as a model system. We found that peptide signalling cues are susceptible to protonation in future pH conditions, which will alter their overall charge. We also show that structure and electrostatic properties important for receptor binding differ significantly between the peptide forms present today and the protonated signalling peptides likely to be dominating in future oceans. The bioassays suggest an impaired functionality of the signalling peptides at low pH. Physiological changes due to high CO2 conditions were found to play a less significant role in influencing the investigated behaviour. From our results, we conclude that the change of charge, structure and consequently function of signalling molecules presents one possible mechanism to explain altered behaviour under future oceanic pH conditions.