bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Is long‐term survival possible after margin‐positive resection of retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS)?
Authors: Klooster Brittany , Rajeev Rahul , Chrabaszcz Sarah , Charlson John , Miura John , Bedi Meena , Gamblin Thomas Clark , Johnston Fabian , Turaga Kiran K. 
Published: April 2016

Background/ObjectivesFor various reasons, some patients undergo a gross margin positive resection (R2) leading to a dilemma in care. We hypothesized that there is a subset of patients who have long‐term survival (LTS, ≥5 years) after R2 resection for retroperitoneal sarcoma (RPS).MethodsNational Cancer Database data from 1998 to 2011 were reviewed to identify patients with RPS who had R2 resections. Logistic and Cox regression models were used to compare LTS with short‐term survival.ResultsOf 12,028 patients, R2 resection rate was 3.28% (4.9% in 1998; 2.5% in 2011). Median survival for RPS with R2 resection was 21 months versus 69 months for those with R0/R1 resections (P < 0.001). Of 272 patients with available survival, 24% (n = 64) survived ≥5 years with 64% alive at follow‐up. LTS was most often seen in younger patients (<65 years) with well‐differentiated liposarcoma. Chemotherapy appeared to improve survival in the first 3 postoperative years, but paradoxical effects were seen in LTS (Hazards Ratio [HR] 0.69, 95%CI: 0.50–0.95, P = 0.024) in first 3 years versus (HR 2.15, 95%CI: 1.21–3.81, P = 0.009).ConclusionLong‐term survival is possible for a subset of patients after an R2 resection for RPS, especially with favorable histology characteristics. Benefits of chemotherapy in margin positive settings need to be investigated. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:823–827. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Role of surgery in the multimodal treatment of primary and recurrent leiomyosarcoma of the inferior vena cava
Authors: Cananzi Ferdinando Carlo Maria , Mussi Chiara , Bordoni Maria Grazia , Marrari Andrea , De Sanctis Rita , Colombo Piergiuseppe , Quagliuolo Vittorio 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundThe optimal treatment of leiomyosarcoma (LMS) of the inferior vena cava (IVC) is still unclear, especially in the metastatic and/or recurrent setting. We herein evaluated the long‐term outcome after aggressive management.MethodsEleven patients underwent surgery for primary LMS of the IVC between 2000 and 2012. The clinical, pathological, and survival data were reviewed.ResultsThe IVC was managed by graft replacement in four cases, primary repair in four, and ligation in three. The R0 resection rate was 64%. The median follow‐up was 60 months. Nine patients developed distant relapse, two of them concomitant local recurrence; no exclusive local recurrence was observed. The 3‐ and 5‐year distant recurrence free survival were 30% and 10%, respectively. The 3‐ and 5‐year overall‐survival (OS) were 77.8%. The presence of residual disease after surgery (P = 0.024) and the time to recurrence (P = 0.033) were associated with the OS in a univariate analysis. The time to recurrence was related to the post‐metastases survival (P = 0.032).ConclusionsAn adequate surgery minimizes the risk of local recurrence and remains the main treatment for primary LMS of the IVC. Nevertheless, the rate of distant metastases remains extremely high. An aggressive surgical policy may be of benefit to selected patients with metastatic disease. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;114:44–49. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Patient factors affecting the Toronto extremity salvage score following limb salvage surgery for bone and soft tissue tumors
Authors: Heaver Catriona , Isaacson Antonia , Gregory Jonathan J. , Cribb Gill , Cool Paul 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectivesThe Toronto extremity salvage score (TESS) assesses physical function following limb salvage for bone and soft tissue sarcoma. In 2012, Clayer et al. showed increasing age affects the TESS score in normal individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate what other patient factors affect outcome?MethodsWe reviewed the TESS scores, age, sex, BMI, diagnosis, smoking status, and social deprivation score of patients who have undergone limb salvage in our unit. Data were extracted from our tumor database and reviewed. Statistical analysis was performed using Wilcoxon pairwise test and linear regression analysis.ResultsFour hundred and ninety‐eight TESS scores were found for 198 patients. Data were analyzed separating upper limb (UL) and lower limb (LL) tumors. In the UL group, being female (P = 0.01) and having a bone lesion (P < 0.001) were associated with a lower TESS score. In the LL group, being female (P = 0.04), increasing age (P = 0.002), having a bone lesion (P < 0.001), increasing BMI (P < 0.001), and smoking (P = 0.005) were associated with a lower TESS score.ConclusionsAnalysis has shown that female sex, increasing age and BMI, smoking and having a bone lesion have an adverse effect on physical function following limb salvage, as indicated by the mean TESS score. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:804–810. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous quantitation of five phthalides in rat plasma: Application to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan and herb‐pair extract
Authors: Ma Wen , Wang Weihui , Peng Yan , Bian Qiaoxia , Wang Nannan , Lee David Y.‐W. , Dai Ronghua 
Published: April 2016

A fast, sensitive, and reliable ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and validated for the simultaneous quantitation and pharmacokinetic study of five phthalides (senkyunolide A, ligustilide, butylidenephthalide, 3‐butylphthalide, and levistilide A) in rat plasma after oral administration of Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan (HLXLD) or Angelica sinensis‐‐Ligusticum chuanxiong herb pair (DG‐CX) between normal and arthritis rats. After extraction from blood, the analytes and internal standard were subjected to ultra‐high performance liquid chromatography with a Shim‐pack XR‐ODS column (75 × 3.0 mm2, 2.2 μm particles) and mobile phase was composed of methanol and water (containing 0.05% formic acid) under gradient elution conditions, with an electrospray ionization source in the positive ionization and multiple reaction monitoring mode. The lower limits of quantification were 0.192–0.800 ng/mL for all the analytes. Satisfactory linearity, precision, accuracy, mean extraction recovery, and acceptable matrix effect have been achieved. The validated method was successfully applied to a comparative pharmacokinetic study of five bioactive components in rat plasma after oral administration of HLXLD or DG‐CX alone, respectively, between normal and arthritic rats. The results showed that there were unlike characters of pharmacokinetics among different groups.
Simultaneous separation and determination of six arsenic species in rice by anion‐exchange chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry
Authors: Ma Li , Yang Zhaoguang , Tang Jie , Wang Lin 
Published: April 2016

The simultaneous separation and determination of arsenite As(III), arsenate As(V), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), arsenobetaine (AsB), and arsenocholine (AsC) in rice samples have been carried out in one single anion‐exchange column run by high‐performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. To estimate the effect of variables on arsenic (As) speciation, the chromatographic conditions including type of competing anion, ionic strength, pH of elution buffer, and flow rate of mobile phase have been investigated by a univariate approach. Under the optimum chromatographic conditions, baseline separation of six As species has been achieved within 10 min by gradient elution program using 4 mM NH4HCO3 at pH 8.6 as mobile phase A and 4 mM NH4HCO3, 40 mM NH4NO3 at pH 8.6 as mobile phase B. The method detection limits for As(III), As(V), MMA, DMA, AsB, and AsC were 0.4, 0.9, 0.2, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.3 μg/kg, respectively. The proposed method has been applied to separation and quantification of As species in real rice samples collected from Hunan Province, China. The main As species detected in all samples were As(III), As(V) and DMA, with inorganic As accounting for over 80% of total As in these samples.
Land‐Use Change and its Effects in Charchan Oasis, Xinjiang, China
Authors: Abulizi Abudukeyimu , Yang Yongguo , Mamat Zulpiya , Luo Jinhui , Abdulslam Dilshat , Xu Zhonglin , Zayiti Abudoukeremujiang , Ahat Abdulkeyum , Halik Wahap 
Published: April 2016

AbstractChanges in land use and land cover are known to impact ecosystem services and functions. In this study, land use characteristics were combined with global and China‐specific ecosystem coefficients to quantify land‐use and ecosystem service changes in Charchan Oasis. Results indicated that: (i) the total values of ecosystem services in Charchan Oasis were increased 8·4 M$ from 1972 to 2013; (ii) the aggregated ecosystem service values for water bodies, grasslands, forest lands, and barren lands were 98·90% of the total value for all land types; (iii) waste treatment, soil formation, biodiversity protection, and water supply were ecological functions with the highest service values, contributing approximately 65% of the total service values; and (iv) ecosystem service values estimated in this study were inelastic with respect to the value coefficients, therefore, the estimation results were believable. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Iron‐dependent anaerobic oxidation of methane in coastal surface sediments: Potential controls and impact
Authors: Rooze Jurjen , Egger Matthias , Tsandev Iana , Slomp Caroline P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAnaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is an important process of methane (CH4) removal in sediments. Various studies suggest that AOM coupled to iron oxide (Fe(OH)3) reduction (Fe‐AOM) may complement sulfate‐driven AOM in CH4‐rich sediments. Here, we apply a transient reaction‐transport model to depth profiles of key porewater and sediment constituents for a site in the Bothnian Sea where Fe‐AOM has been suggested to occur. At the site, increased eutrophication has led to an upward shift of the sulfate‐methane transition zone, submerging Fe(OH)3 in a zone with high CH4 concentrations. Fe‐AOM is thought to lead to a strong accumulation of dissolved iron (Fe2+) in the porewater. Results of a sensitivity analysis identify three potential controls on the occurrence of Fe‐AOM in coastal surface sediments: (1) bottom‐water sulfate (
) concentrations, (2) Fe(OH)3 availability, and (3) organic matter (OM) loading. In‐situ CH4 production is particularly sensitive to the OM loading and
bottom‐water concentration, with higher
concentrations significantly inhibiting methanogenesis and decreasing the potential rates of Fe‐AOM. We find that only environments with a low salinity and a relatively high Fe(OH)3 loading allow for Fe‐AOM to occur in surface sediments. This suggests that Fe‐AOM in surface sediments is restricted to areas with relatively high rates of sediment deposition such as estuaries and other nearshore systems. By enhancing porewater Fe2+ concentrations in surface sediments and the flux of Fe2+ from sediments to the overlying water, Fe‐AOM may contribute to the lateral transfer of iron (“iron shuttling”) from the coastal zone to deep basins.
Coccolithophore calcification is independent of carbonate chemistry in the tropical ocean
Authors: Marañón Emilio , Balch William M. , Cermeño Pedro , González Natalia , Sobrino Cristina , Fernández Ana , Huete‐Ortega María , López‐Sandoval Daffne C. , Delgado Maximino , Estrada Marta , Álvarez Marta , Fernández‐Guallart Elisa , Pelejero Carles 
Published: April 2016

AbstractShort‐term experiments indicate that seawater acidification can cause a decrease in the rate of calcification by coccolithophores, but the relationship between carbonate chemistry and coccolithophore calcification rate in natural assemblages is still unclear. During the Malaspina 2010 circumnavigation, we measured primary production, calcification, coccolithophore abundance, particulate inorganic carbon (PIC) concentration, and the parameters of the carbonate system, along basin‐scale transects in the tropical Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans. Euphotic layer‐integrated calcification and mean cell‐specific calcification in the euphotic layer ranged between 2–10 mgC m−2 d−1 and 5–20 pgC cell−1 d−1, respectively. We found a significant relationship between primary production and calcification, such that the calcification to primary production (CP/PP) ratio was relatively invariant among ocean basins, with an overall mean value of 0.05 ± 0.04. Extrapolating this value to the entire ocean would result in a global pelagic calcification rate of 2.4 PtC yr−1. The mean PIC concentration in surface waters was 1.8 ± 1.6 mgC m−3 and its turnover time averaged 20 d. We combined our data of calcification, primary production, and carbonate chemistry from Malaspina 2010 with those obtained during two previous cruises in the northern Arabian Sea. Both the CP/PP ratio and cell‐specific calcification were largely constant across a wide range of calcite saturation state (1.5–6.5), [
]/[H+] (0.08–0.24; mol: μmol), and pH (7.6–8.1), which indicates that calcification by natural coccolithophore assemblages was independent of carbonate chemistry. Our results suggest that coccolithophore calcification, at least in tropical regions, may not be decreasing in the currently acidifying ocean.
Analysis of chloropigments in marine sediments using accelerated solvent extraction (ASE)
Authors: Szymczak‐Żyła Małgorzata 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe application of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) for the analysis of chloropigments in marine sediment samples was studied. Chloropigments (chlorophyll a, b, c and their derivatives) are a group of natural compounds providing valuable data on the state of the aquatic environment. As these compounds are rather unstable and given the considerable risk that alteration products will form, their analysis is difficult. The new extraction method was optimized by testing both solvents and ASE operating conditions (static time, rinse volume, number of static cycles). The results obtained using an ASE technique were compared with those using an ultrasound‐assisted extraction method. The results presented in this article indicate that the application of ASE gives high chloropigment recoveries, comparable with conventional methods, but in less time, without the use of elevated temperature during extraction. The type of solvent used has the greatest influence on the extraction efficiency while the effects of the other parameters tested are important in the case of organic‐rich sediments. In addition, the influence of freeze‐drying of sediment samples on chloropigments composition and target compound stability in freeze‐dried sediments during storage under different conditions was examined. The results indicate that freeze‐drying does not affect the composition of pigments in the sediment samples and improves reproducibility of results, although extraction of freeze‐dried sediments does require the use of a more polar solvent (95% acetone). Freeze‐dried sediment samples could be stored in a freezer (−20°C) for up to 6 months, without the risk of degradation of the target compounds.
Facial rejuvenation via the sequential combined use of multiple laser modalities: Safety and efficacy
Authors: Wu Douglas C. , Fitzpatrick Richard E. 
Published: April 2016

Background and ObjectivesMulti‐modal combination treatments for facial rejuvenation offer the potential to achieve superior results in a single treatment session. In this study, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of combining multiple laser modalities in a single treatment session.MethodsFifty patients underwent a multi‐modal facial laser resurfacing procedure consisting of the sequential use of 595 nm pulsed dye laser, 755 nm alexandrite laser, superficial fractionated and fully ablative CO2 laser, superficial fully ablative erbium‐YAG laser, and deep fractionated ablative CO2 laser in a single treatment session. Improvements in dyspigmentation, rhytides, telangiectasia, and skin texture were assessed. Patient satisfaction, healing times, and tolerability of procedure was also evaluated.ResultsHighly significant improvements in all clinical parameters were demonstrated at both short‐ and long‐term follow‐up evaluations. Patients reported a high satisfaction rate.ConclusionMega‐combination treatment utilizing a variety of laser devices in a single treatment session is safe and highly effective at achieving facial rejuvenation. This approach represents an efficient use of both patient and physician time and resources. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:577–583, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photophysical and Photochemical Studies of Novel Thioxanthone‐Functionalized Methacrylates through LED Excitation
Authors: Eren Tugce Nur , Yasar Nurdan , Aviyente Viktorya , Morlet‐Savary Fabrice , Graff Bernadette , Fouassier Jean Pierre , Lalevee Jacques , Avci Duygu 
Published: April 2016

Five novel thioxanthone (TX)‐functionalized methacrylates as copolymerizable photoinitiators (CopPIs) for polymerization of acrylates are synthesized from reactions of tert‐butyl α‐bromomethacrylate with 2‐hydroxy thioxanthone (TX1) and 1,4‐dihydroxy thioxanthone (TX3), cleavage of their respective tert‐butyl ester groups with trifluoroacetic acid (TX2, TX4), and by reaction of the acid chloride derivative of TX2 with Irgacure 2959 (TX5). These CopPIs absorb in the near UV–visible region (390–420 nm; absorption redshift ≈10–40 nm, ε values comparable to TX). Their performances are studied under LED exposure at 385 and 405 nm using real‐time FTIR. The reactivities of TX1 and TX2 are similar to isopropyl thioxanthone, used as reference; TX3 and TX4 have lower reactivities, due to their difunctionality, which however makes them good crosslinking agents. TX5 is the first monomeric PI possessing two different type side‐chain photoinitiating groups. The migration stability of two of these CopPIs is shown in the cured polyacrylates. The photochemical mechanisms are studied by electron spin resonance, steady state photolysis, laser flash photolysis, and cyclic voltammetry.
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Sweat Gland Denervation in Cerebellar Ataxia with Neuropathy and Vestibular Areflexia Syndrome (CANVAS)
Authors: Umeh Chizoba C. , Polydefkis Michael , Chaudhry Vinay , Zee David S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractCerebellar ataxia with neuropathy and vestibular areflexia syndrome (CANVAS) is a newly recognized disorder characterized by cerebellar ataxia, nonlength‐dependent sensory impairment, and bilateral vestibular loss. Sudomotor dysfunction has been described in CANVAS; however, the underlying pathology is not well characterized. To describe novel histopathological features of this syndrome, 2 siblings are presented who had CANVAS with unique findings of sweat gland denervation. Skin biopsy testing was performed to assess sudomotor structure and revealed markedly reduced sweat gland nerve fiber density below the 2.5th percentile in both patients. These histopathological findings suggest that postganglionic sudomotor dysfunction is an additional feature of CANVAS.
Cerebellar dysfunction in essential tremor
Authors: Hanajima Ritsuko , Tsutsumi Ryosuke , Shirota Yuichiro , Shimizu Takahiro , Tanaka Nobuyuki , Ugawa Yoshikazu 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesFew neurophysiological studies have investigated cerebellar function in patients with essential tremor, even though the cerebellum may contribute to tremor generation. Here, we studied cerebellar function in patients with essential tremor using 2 physiological methods.MethodsParticipants were 20 patients with essential tremor and 30 age‐matched healthy volunteers, and the results were compared across the groups. We studied motor cortical inhibition using cerebellar magnetic stimulation and prism adaptation.ResultsBoth cerebellar inhibition and prism adaptation were affected in patients with essential tremor. The degree of tremor did not correlate with the degree of abnormality in either of the 2 experiments.ConclusionsThe simplest explanation for the present results is that the cerebellum itself, including the Purkinje cells, is involved in essential tremor, which may reflect a primary pathogenic lesion or secondary compensatory physiological phenomenon to an original pathogenic lesion elsewhere. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Conserved roles of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 signaling in the regulation of inner cell mass development in bovine blastocysts
Authors: Akizawa Hiroki , Nagatomo Hiroaki , Odagiri Haruka , Kohri Nanami , Yamauchi Nobuhiko , Yanagawa Yojiro , Nagano Masashi , Takahashi Masashi , Kawahara Manabu 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARYA common process during preimplantation mammalian development is blastocyst formation, which utilizes signaling through fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2), yet the mechanisms through which FGFR2 signaling affect preimplantation development in bovine embryos remain incompletely understood. Here, we used RNA‐interference to investigate the in vitro development, the frequency of blastomere apoptosis, and the mRNA expression of developmental marker genes in FGF receptor 2‐knockdown (FGFR2‐KD) bovine embryos. A reduction in FGFR2 mRNA did not affect preimplantation development or the frequency of apoptotic blastomeres, but did enhanced proliferation of the inner cell mass in blastocysts (P < 0.05)—which differs from the phenotype reported for bovine embryos using a pharmacological approach (treatment with the pan‐FGFR blocker PD173074), but agrees with previous results obtained using mouse embryos. Moreover, the expression of an epiblast marker gene, NANOG, and a primitive endoderm marker gene, GATA6, remained unchanged, whereas the expression of another primitive endoderm marker gene, HNF4A, was significantly reduced in FGFR2‐KD embryos. Therefore, FGFR2 signaling appears to be associated with the regulation of inner cell mass development and proliferation during blastocyst formation in cattle. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 83: 516–525, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.