bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced mitochondrial glutamine anaplerosis suppresses pancreatic cancer growth through autophagy inhibition
Authors: Jeong Seung Min , Hwang Sunsook , Park Kyungsoo , Yang Seungyeon , Seong Rho Hyun 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCancer cells use precursors derived from tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle to support their unlimited growth. However, continuous export of TCA cycle intermediates results in the defect of mitochondrial integrity. Mitochondria glutamine metabolism plays an essential role for the maintenance of mitochondrial functions and its biosynthetic roles by refilling the mitochondrial carbon pool. Here we report that human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells have a distinct dependence on mitochondrial glutamine metabolism. Whereas glutamine flux into mitochondria contributes to proliferation of most cancer cells, enhanced glutamine anaplerosis results in a pronounced suppression of PDAC growth. A cell membrane permeable α-ketoglutarate analog or overexpression of glutamate dehydrogenase lead to decreased proliferation and increased apoptotic cell death in PDAC cells but not other cancer cells. We found that enhanced glutamine anaplerosis inhibits autophagy, required for tumorigenic growth of PDAC, by activating mammalian TORC1. Together, our results reveal that glutamine anaplerosis is a crucial regulator of growth and survival of PDAC cells, which may provide novel therapeutic approaches to treat these cancers.
Giant spontaneous exchange bias triggered by crossover of superspin glass in Sb-doped Ni50Mn38Ga12 Heusler alloys
Authors: Tian Fanghua , Cao Kaiyan , Zhang Yin , Zeng Yuyang , Zhang Rui , Chang Tieyan , Zhou Chao , Xu Minwei , Song Xiaoping , Yang Sen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA spontaneous exchange bias (SEB) discovered by Wang et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106 (2011) 077203.] after zero-field cooling (ZFC) has attracted recent attention due to its interesting physics. In this letter, we report a giant SEB tuned by Sb-doping in Ni50Mn38Ga12-xSbx Heusler alloys. Such an SEB was switched on below the blocking temperature of approximately 50 K. The maximum exchange bias HE can arrive at 2930 Oe in a Ni50Mn38Ga10Sb2 sample after ZFC to 2 K. Further studies showed that this SEB was attributable to interaction of superspin glass (SSG) and antiferromagnetic matix, which was triggered by the crossover of SSG from canonical spin glass to a cluster spin glass. Our results not only explain the underlying physics of SEB, but also provide a way to tune and control the SEB performance.
Sorting centimetre-long single-walled carbon nanotubes
Authors: Yu Woo Jong , Chae Sang Hoon , Vu Quoc An , Lee Young Hee 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWhile several approaches have been developed for sorting metallic (m) or semiconducting (s) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), the length of SWCNTs is limited within a micrometer, which restricts excellent electrical performances of SWCNTs for macro-scale applications. Here, we demonstrate a simple sorting method of centimetre-long aligned m- and s-SWCNTs. Ni particles were selectively and uniformly coated along the 1-cm-long m-SWCNTs by applying positive gate bias during electrochemical deposition with continuous electrolyte injection. To sort s-SWCNTs, the Ni coating was oxidized to form insulator outer for blocking of current flow through inner m-SWCNTs. Sorting of m-SWCNTs were demonstrated by selective etching of s-SWCNTs via oxygen plasma, while the protected m-SWCNTs by Ni coating remained intact. The series of source-drain pairs were patterned along the 1-cm-long sorted SWCNTs, which confirmed high on/off ratio of 104–108 for s-SWCNTs and nearly 1 for m-SWCNTs.
Influential and theoretical analysis of nano-defect in the stub resonator
Authors: Xu Hui , Li Hongjian , Li Boxun , He Zhihui , Chen Zhiquan , Zheng Mingfei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe investigate a classic optical effect based on plasmon induced transparency (PIT) in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) bus waveguide coupled with a single defective cavity. With the coupled mode theory (CMT), a theoretical model, for the single defective cavity, is established to study spectral features in the plasmonic waveguide. We can achieve a required description for the phenomenon, and the theoretical results also agree well with the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Our researches show that the defect’s position and size play important roles in the PIT phenomenon. By adjusting the position and size of the defect, we can realize the PIT phenomenon well and get the required slow light effect. The proposed model and findings may provide guidance for fundamental research of the control of light in highly integrated optical circuits.
Unusual sequence length-dependent gold nanoparticles aggregation of the ssDNA sticky end and its application for enzyme-free and signal amplified colorimetric DNA detection
Authors: He Hongfei , Dai Jianyuan , Duan Zhijuan , Zheng Baozhan , Meng Yan , Guo Yong , Dan Xiao  
Published: August 2016

AbstractIt is known that the adsorption of short single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) on unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) is much faster than that for long ssDNA and thus leads to length-dependent AuNPs aggregation after addition of salt, the color of the solutions sequentially changed from red to blue in accordance with the increase of ssDNA length. However, we found herein that the ssDNA sticky end of hairpin DNA exhibited a completely different adsorption behavior compared to ssDNA, an inverse blue-to-red color variation was observed in the colloid solution with the increase of sticky end length when the length is within a certain range. This unusual sequence length-dependent AuNPs aggregation might be ascribed to the effect of the stem of hairpin DNA. On the basis of this unique phenomenon and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) based signal amplification, a novel AuNPs-based colorimetric DNA assay with picomolar sensitivity and specificity was developed. This unusual sequence length-dependent AuNPs aggregation of the ssDNA sticky end introduces a new direction for the AuNPs-based colorimetric assays.
Growth Mechanism and Luminescent Properties of Amorphous SiOx Structures via Phase Equilibrium in Binary System
Authors: Jin Changhyun , Hwang Seon Jae , Cho Myeong Soo , Choi Sun-Woo , Na Han Gil , Park Suyoung , Park Sungsik , Noh Youngwook , Jeong Hakyung , Lee Dongjin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBalloon whisk-like and flower-like SiOx tubes with well-dispersed Sn and joining countless SiOx loops together induce intense luminescence characteristics in substrate materials. Our synthetic technique called “direct substrate growth” is based on pre-contamination of the surroundings without the intended catalyst and source powders. The kind of supporting material and pressure of the inlet gases determine a series of differently functionalized tube loops, i.e., the number, length, thickness, and cylindrical profile. SiOx tube loops commonly twist and split to best suppress the total energy. Photoluminescence and confocal laser measurements based on quantum confinement effect of the embedded Sn nanoparticles in the SiOx tube found substantially intense emissions throughout the visible range. These new concepts related to the synthetic approach, pre-pollution, transitional morphology, and permeable nanoparticles should facilitate progress in nanoscience with regard to tuning the dimensions of micro-/nanostructure preparations and the functionalization of customized applications.
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus: No evidence for replication in the insect vector Bemisia tabaci
Authors: Sánchez-Campos Sonia , Rodríguez-Negrete Edgar A. , Cruzado Lucía , Grande-Pérez Ana , Bejarano Eduardo R. , Navas-Castillo Jesús , Moriones Enrique 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBegomovirus ssDNA plant virus (family Geminiviridae) replication within the Bemisia tabaci vector is controversial. Transovarial transmission, alteration to whitefly biology, or detection of viral transcripts in the vector are proposed as indirect evidence of replication of tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV). Recently, contrasting direct evidence has been reported regarding the capacity of TYLCV to replicate within individuals of B. tabaci based on quantitave PCR approaches. Time-course experiments to quantify complementary and virion sense viral nucleic acid accumulation within B. tabaci using a recently implemented two step qPCR procedure revealed that viral DNA quantities did not increase for time points up to 96 hours after acquisition of the virus. Our findings do not support a recent report claiming TYLCV replication in individuals of B. tabaci.
MethFlowVM: a virtual machine for the integral analysis of bisulfite sequencing data
Authors: Lebrón Ricardo , Barturen Guillermo , Gómez-Martín Cristina , Oliver José L. , Hackenberg Michael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe analysis of whole genome DNA methylation patterns is an important first step towards the understanding on how DNA methylation is involved in the regulation of gene expression and genome stability.Previously, we published MethylExtract, a program for DNA methylation profiling and genotyping from the same sample. Over the last years we developed it further into a methylation analysis pipeline that allows to take full advantage of novel genome assembly models. The result is a new pipeline termed MethFlow which permits both, profiling of methylation levels and differential methylation analysis.Frequently DNA methylation research is carried out in the biomedical field, where privacy issues play an important role. Therefore we implemented the pipeline into a virtual machine termed MethFlowVMwhich shares with a web-server its user-friendliness however, the decisive advantage is that the sequencing data does not leave the user desktop or server and therefore no privacy issues do exist.The virtual machine is available at:http://bioinfo2.uqr.es:8080/MethFlow/
Inhibition of cell proliferation does not slow down echinoderm neural regeneration
Authors: Mashanov Vladimir S. , Zueva Olga R. , García-Arrarás José E. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundRegeneration of the damaged central nervous system is one of the most interesting post-embryonic developmental phenomena. Two distinct cellular events have been implicated in supplying regenerative neurogenesis with cellular material – generation of new cells through cell proliferation and recruitment of already existing cells through cell migration. The relative contribution and importance of these two mechanisms is often unknown.MethodsHere, we use the regenerating radial nerve cord (RNC) of the echinodermHolothuria glaberrimaas a model of extensive post-traumatic neurogenesis in the deuterostome central nervous system. To uncouple the effects of cell proliferation from those of cell migration, we treated regenerating animals with aphidicolin, a specific inhibitor of S-phase DNA replication. Cell migration was tracked with vital staining with the lipophilic dye DiI.ResultsAphidicolin treatment resulted in a significant 2.1-fold decrease in cell proliferation. In spite of this, the regenerating RNC in the treated animals did not differ in histological architecture, size and cell number from its counterpart in the control vehicle-treated animals. DiI labeling showed extensive cell migration in the RNC. Some cells migrated from as far as 2 mm away from the injury plane to contribute to the neural outgrowth.ConclusionsWe suggest that inhibition of cell division in the regenerating RNC of H.glaberrima, is compensated for by recruitment of cells, which migrate into the RNC outgrowth from deeper regions of the neuroepithelium. Neural regeneration in echinoderms is thus a highly regulative developmental phenomenon, in which the size of the cell pool can be controlled either by cell proliferation or cell migration, and the latter can neutralize perturbations in the former.
Training and spontaneous reinforcement of neuronal assemblies by spike timing plasticity
Authors: Ocker Gabriel Koch , Doiron Brent 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe synaptic connectivity of cortex is plastic, with experience shaping the ongoing interactions between neurons. Theoretical studies of spike timing–dependent plasticity (STDP) have focused on either just pairs of neurons or large-scale simulations. A simple analytic account for how fast spike time correlations affect both micro- and macroscopic network structure is lacking. We develop a low-dimensional mean field theory for STDP in recurrent networks and show the emergence of assemblies of strongly reciprocally coupled neurons with shared stimulus preferences. After training this connectivity is actively reinforced by spike train correlations during the spontaneous dynamics. Furthermore, the stimulus coding by cell assemblies is actively maintained by these internally generated spiking correlations, suggesting a new role for noise correlations in neural coding. Assembly formation has been often associated with firing rate-based plasticity schemes; our theory provides an alternative and complementary framework, where fine temporal correlations and STDP form and actively maintain learned structure in cortical networks.
Board and audit committee effectiveness, ethnic diversification and earnings management: a study of the Malaysian manufacturing sector
Authors: Wan Mohammad Wan Masliza , Wasiuzzaman Shaista , Nik Salleh Nik Mohamad Zaki 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThis purpose of this paper is to examine the implications of the Revised Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (2007) toward the effectiveness of the board and audit committees in Malaysian manufacturing companies. Since the manufacturing firms are dominantly held by Chinese firms, this paper is extended to incorporate the implication of ethnicity on board and audit committees’ effectiveness.Design/methodology/approachUsing a sample of 201 firms from fiscal year 2004-2009, the data set consists of a total of 1,206 firm-year observations. Analysis is carried out using correlation analysis, multiple and logistic regression analyses.FindingsThe findings reveal that board and audit committees’ effectiveness is positively associated with earnings management pre- and post-Revised Malaysian Code on Corporate Governance (2007). A higher number of ethnic members in the board are also positively associated with earnings management.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is limited to some industries in the manufacturing sector due to the special characteristics of this sector and covers mostly large firms. The results may not therefore be applicable to small firms. Finally, the study does not consider possible interaction between the board and audit characteristics which may be significant in influencing earnings management.Practical implicationsThe findings show that the corporate governance mechanism in Malaysian firms is currently inadequate in preventing earnings management and extra effort is needed to improve board governance.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the current literature on the issues of corporate governance effectiveness and board ethnicity in the current economic and political structure in Malaysia.
Effect of rotating cylinder on heat transfer in a differentially heated rectangular enclosure filled with power law non-Newtonian fluid
Authors: Sojoudi Atta , Khezerloo Marzieh , Saha Suvash C , Gu Yuantong 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to numerically investigate two dimensional steady state convective heat transfer in a differentially heated square cavity with constant temperatures and an inner rotating cylinder. The gap between the cylinder and the enclosure walls is filled with power law non-Newtonian fluid.

Design/methodology/approach
– Finite volume-based CFD software, Fluent (Ansys 15.0) is used to solve the governing equations. Attribution of the various flow parameters of fluid flow and heat transfer are investigated including Rayleigh number, Prandtl number, power law index, the cylinder radius and the angular rotational speed.

Findings
– Outcomes are reported in terms of isotherms, streamlines and average Nusselt number (Nu) of the heated wall for various considered here.

Research limitations/implications
– A detailed investigates is needed in the context of 3D flow. This will be a part of the future work.

Practical implications
– The effect of a rotating cylinder on heat transfer and fluid flow in a differentially heated rectangular enclosure filled with power law non-Newtonian fluid has practical importance in the process industry.

Originality/value
– The results of this study may be of some interest to the researchers of the field of chemical or process engineers.
A two-dimensional simulation of solidification processes in materials with thermo-dependent properties using XFEM
Authors: Stapór Pawel 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to carry out a finite element simulation of a physically non-linear phase change problem in a two-dimensional space without adaptive remeshing or moving-mesh algorithms. The extended finite element method (XFEM) and the level set method (LSM) were used to capture the transient solution and motion of phase boundaries. It was crucial to consider the effects of unequal densities of the solid and liquid phases and the flow in the liquid region.

Design/methodology/approach
– The XFEM and the LSM are applied to solve non-linear transient problems with a phase change in a two-dimensional space. The model assumes thermo-dependent properties of the material and unequal densities of the phases; it also allows for convection in the liquid phase. A non-linear system of equations is derived and a numerical solution is proposed. The Newton-Raphson method is used to solve the problem and the LSM is applied to track the interface.

Findings
– The robustness and utility of the method are demonstrated on several two-dimensional benchmark problems.

Originality/value
– The novel procedure based on the XFEM and the LSM was developed to solve physically non-linear phase change problems with unequal densities of phases in a two-dimensional space.
Effects of gap size for parallel 45 degree angled rib turbulators
Authors: Park Jongmyung , Park Samgyu , Ligrani Phillip M 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– Turbulent air flows within a channel with 45° angled rib turbulators on the top and bottom walls are numerically predicted using the numerical code. For the predictions, a v2-f turbulence model (velocity variance scale and elliptic relaxation factor model) is utilized. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
– Three different rib arrangements with or without gap are investigated to present information on the effects of gap size on flow structure and heat transfer characteristics. Three-dimensional turbulent transport, and detailed flow structural characteristics are considered to provide new insight into the mechanisms which result in surface heat transfer augmentations.

Findings
– Compared to the baseline rib arrangement, the numerically predicted results show that the parallel ribs with gap (where the width of the gap is two times of rib height) shows the highest local Nusselt number ratios. This is a result of locally increased vorticity distributions, as well as augmented local magnitudes of mixing, secondary flows, and turbulent transport. Local transport changes are less pronounced when the gap width of gap is 0.5 times of rib height. As a result, associated local and spatially averaged Nusselt number ratios are also lower for this arrangement.

Practical implications
– Results will give improved heat transfer augmentation technologies.

Originality/value
– The present investigation provides new information and insight into flow structural characteristics in a channel with rib turbulators, both with and without gaps, especially the mechanisms which result in surface heat transfer augmentations, which are not available in any other existing numerical or experimental investigation.
Development of a stream function-upper bound analysis applicable to the process of plate rolling
Authors: Asgharzadeh Amir , Serajzadeh Siamak 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical solution to estimate the deformation pattern and required power in cold plate rolling using coupled stream function method and upper bound theorem.

Design/methodology/approach
– In the first place, an admissible velocity field and the geometry of deformation zone are derived from a new stream function. Then, the optimum velocity field is obtained by minimizing the corresponding power function. Also, to calculate the adiabatic heating during high speed rolling operations, a two-dimensional conduction-convection problem is sequentially coupled with the mechanical model. To verify the predictions, rolling experiments on aluminum plates are conducted and also, a finite element analysis is performed by Abaqus/Explicit. The predicted deformation zone is then compared with the experimentally measured region as well as with the results of the finite element analysis.

Findings
– The results show that the predicted deformation zone and the temperature distribution fit reasonably with the experimental data while much lower computational cost needs comparing to the fully finite element analysis.

Originality/value
– A new stream function is proposed to properly describe the velocity field and deformation pattern during plate rolling considering the neutral point. Furthermore, the employed algorithm can be simply coupled with the thermal finite element analysis.
Effects of thermal and diffusion phase-lags in a plate with axisymmetric heat supply
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Sharma Nidhi , Lata Parveen 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to depict the effect of time and thermal and diffusion phase-lags due to axisymmetric heat supply in a ring. The problem is discussed within the context of dual-phase-lag heat transfer and dual-phase-lag diffusion models. The upper and lower surfaces of the ring are traction free and subjected to an axisymmetric heat supply.

Design/methodology/approach
– The solution is found by using Laplace and Hankel transform technique and a direct approach without the use of potential functions. The analytical expressions of displacements, stresses and chemical potential, temperature and mass concentration are computed in transformed domain. Numerical inversion technique has been applied to obtain the results in the physical domain. Numerically simulated results are depicted graphically. The effect of time and diffusion and thermal phase-lags are shown on the various components. Some particular cases of result are also deduced from the present investigation.

Findings
– It is observed that change in time changes the behaviour of deformations of the various components of stresses, displacements, chemical potential function, temperature change and mass concentration. The authors find that for t=0.2, trends are oscillatory in all the cases whereas for t=0.1, trends are quite different. A sound impact of diffusion and thermal phase-lags on the various quantities is observed. A lot of difference in the trends of single phase lag and dual phase lag is observed. The use of diffusion phase-lags in the equation of mass diffusion gives a more realistic model of thermoelastic diffusion media as it allows a delayed response between the relative mass flux vector and the potential gradient.

Originality/value
– This problem is totally new because dual phase lag is applied in heat conduction and diffusion equation while considering the problem of plate in axisymmetric heat supply.