bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-resolution Imaging of Transiting Extrasolar Planetary systems (HITEP)
Authors: Evans D. F. , Southworth J. , Smalley B. , Jørgensen U. G. , Dominik M. , Andersen M. I. , Bozza V. , Bramich D. M. , Burgdorf M. J. , Ciceri S. , D’Ago G. , Figuera Jaimes R. , Gu S.-H. , Hinse T. C. , Henning Th. , Hundertmark M. , Kains N. , Kerins E. , Korhonen H. , Kokotanekova R. , Kuffmeier M. , Longa-Peña P. , Mancini L. , MacKenzie J. , Popovas A. , Rabus M. , Rahvar S. , Sajadian S. , Snodgrass C. , Skottfelt J. , Surdej J. , Tronsgaard R. , Unda-Sanzana E. , von Essen C. , Wang Yi-Bo , Wertz O. 
Published: September 2017

Context. The formation and dynamical history of hot Jupiters is currently debated, with wide stellar binaries having been suggested as a potential formation pathway. Additionally, contaminating light from both binary companions and unassociated stars can significantly bias the results of planet characterisation studies, but can be corrected for if the properties of the contaminating star are known.
Aim. We search for binary companions to known transiting exoplanet host stars, in order to determine the multiplicity properties of hot Jupiter host stars. We also search for and characterise unassociated stars along the line of sight, allowing photometric and spectroscopic observations of the planetary system to be corrected for contaminating light.
Methods. We analyse lucky imaging observations of 97 Southern hemisphere exoplanet host stars, using the Two Colour Instrument on the Danish 1.54 m telescope. For each detected companion star, we determine flux ratios relative to the planet host star in two passbands, and measure the relative position of the companion. The probability of each companion being physically associated was determined using our two-colour photometry.
Results. A catalogue of close companion stars is presented, including flux ratios, position measurements, and estimated companion star temperature. For companions that are potential binary companions, we review archival and catalogue data for further evidence. For WASP-77AB and WASP-85AB, we combine our data with historical measurements to determine the binary orbits, showing them to be moderately eccentric and inclined to the line of sight (and hence planetary orbital axis). Combining our survey with the similar Friends of Hot Jupiters survey, we conclude that known hot Jupiter host stars show a deficit of high mass stellar companions compared to the field star population; however, this may be a result of the biases in detection and target selection by ground-based surveys.
The effect of speech rehabilitation therapy for muscle tension dysphonia on global postural strategy
Authors: Faralli Mario , Lapenna Ruggero , Pagliari Jenny , Longari Fabrizio , D’Ascanio Luca , Ricci Giampietro 
Published: September 2017

Purpose:
To examine postural control in muscle tension dysphonia (MTD) before and after a specific speech rehabilitation program.

Methods:
Twenty-six patients diagnosed with MTD underwent posturographic analysis before and after speech rehabilitation. Romberg test was performed with eyes open (EO), eyes closed (EC) and during the head retroflex (ECR) and the occlusal (ECO) tests to investigate the role of cervical and stomatognathic proprioception. The analyzed posturographic parameters were the Sway area (S), length (L) of the center of pressure (CP) oscillations, coordinates of the CP on frontal and sagittal plane, stomatognathic interference index (SSI) and cervical interference index (CSI). Considered parameters of microphone perturbation were the Jitter (JITT), Shimmer (SHIM) and noise to harmonic ratio (NHR).

Results:
Sixteen patients (61.5%) exhibited values above those expected for at least one of the posturographic parameters during one or more of the conditions with eyes closed. There were values outside the normal range in the Sway area under EC and ECR conditions, and in the coordinates of the center of pressure on the sagittal plane posteriorly under EC conditions. Highly destabilizing SSI was recorded in six of the patients (23%), while CSI was recorded in 18 (69.2%).
After rehabilitation, seven patients continued to show posturographic alterations. There was a statistically significant improvement of all previous altered posturographic parameters. Eight patients whose S parameters had returned to the normal range after speech therapy, also showed significant improvement of all microphone signal parameters.

Conclusion:
This study shows that MTD might interfere with global postural strategy through the involvement of all cervical muscles proprioception. The strong correlation between the improvement of vocal and postural control, suggests that a posturographic study may be useful in the planning of the speech therapy, as well as in the evaluation of its effectiveness in terms of muscle relaxation.
Global Regularity for the 2D MHD Equations with Partial Hyper-resistivity
Authors: Dong Bo-Qing , Li Jingna , Wu Jiahong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis article establishes the global existence and regularity for a system of the two-dimensional (2D) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with only directional hyper-resistivity. More precisely, the equation of $b_1$ (the horizontal component of the magnetic field) involves only vertical hyperdiffusion (given by $\Lambda_2^{2\beta} b_1$) while the equation of $b_2$ (the vertical component) has only horizontal hyperdiffusion (given by $\Lambda_1^{2\beta} b_2$), where $\Lambda_1$ and $\Lambda_2$ are directional Fourier multiplier operators with the symbols being $|\xi_1|$ and $|\xi_2|$, respectively. We prove that, for $\beta&gt;1$, this system always possesses a unique global-in-time classical solution when the initial data is sufficiently smooth. The model concerned here is rooted in the MHD equations with only magnetic diffusion, which play a significant role in the study of magnetic reconnection and magnetic turbulence. In certain physical regimes and under suitable scaling, the magnetic diffusion becomes partial (given by part of the Laplacian operator). There have been considerable recent developments on the fundamental issue of whether classical solutions of these equations remain smooth for all time. The papers of Cao–Wu–Yuan [8] and of Jiu–Zhao [26] obtained the global regularity when the magnetic diffusion is given by the full fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta)^\beta$ with $\beta&gt;1$. The main result presented in this article requires only directional fractional diffusion and yet we prove the regularization in all directions. The proof makes use of a key observation on the structure of the nonlinearity in the MHD equations and technical tools on Fourier multiplier operators such as the Hörmander–Mikhlin multiplier theorem. The result presented here appears to be the sharpest for the 2D MHD equations with partial magnetic diffusion.
New Type of Sign-Changing Blow-up Solutions for Scalar Curvature Type Equations
Authors: Deng Shengbing , Musso Monica , Wei Juncheng 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLet $(M, g)$ be a smooth compact $n$-dimension Riemannian manifold. We are concerned with the existence of sign-changing blow-up solutions to the following elliptic problem \begin{eqnarray*} \Delta_g u+h u=|u|^{\frac{4}{n-2}-\varepsilon}u,\ \ \ \ \ in \ \ M, \end{eqnarray*} where $\Delta_g=-{\rm div}_g(\nabla)$ is the Laplace–Beltrami operator on $M$, $h $ is a $\mathcal {C}^1$ function on $M$, $\varepsilon$ is a small real parameter such that $\varepsilon$ goes to 0.
Adsorption-energy-based activity descriptors for electrocatalysts in energy storage applications
Authors: Wang Youwei , Qiu Wujie , Song Erhong , Gu Feng , Zheng Zhihui , Zhao Xiaolin , Zhao Yingqin , Liu Jianjun , Zhang Wenqing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEnergy storage technologies, such as fuel cells, ammonia production and lithium–air batteries, are important strategies for addressing the global challenge of energy crisis and environmental pollution. Taking overpotential as a direct criterion, we illustrate in theory and experiment that the adsorption energies of charged species such as Li++e− and H++e− are a central parameter to describe catalytic activities related to electricity-in/electricity-out efficiencies. The essence of catalytic activity is revealed to relate with electronic coupling between catalysts and charged species. Based on adsorption energy, some activity descriptors such as d-band center, eg-electron number and charge-transfer capacity are further defined by electronic properties of catalysts that directly affect interaction between catalysts and charged species. The present review is helpful for understanding the catalytic mechanisms of these electrocatalytic reactions and developing accurate catalytic descriptors, which can be employed to screen high-activity catalysts in future high-throughput calculations and experiments.
CHARACTERIZATION OF AN IN-HOUSE DEVELOPED MULTI-CYLINDRICAL MODERATOR NEUTRON SPECTROMETER
Authors: Liamsuwan T , Channuie J , Wonglee S , Kowatari M , Nishino S 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
This article describes the characterization of an in-house developed multi-cylindrical moderator neutron spectrometer, which consists of a cylindrical 3He proportional counter and cylindrical moderator shells of different sizes. The response matrix of the spectrometer was calculated by Monte Carlo simulations for neutron energies from 1 × 10−8 to 10 MeV and verified with measurements in 0.144 MeV, 1.2 MeV and 241AmBe neutron standard fields. Influence of scattered neutrons was properly eliminated from the measured response using the shadow cone technique. The calculated and measured responses were in good agreement in most cases. Differences were &lt;10% for all moderated counter configurations, while larger deviations were observed for the bare counter configuration. The performance of the neutron spectrometer in terms of spectrum unfolding was verified in the 241AmBe neutron standard field, showing reliable neutron spectrum and fluence rate in the energy range up to 10 MeV as investigated in this work.
The genomic landscape at a late stage of stickleback speciation: high genomic divergence interspersed by small localized regions of introgression
Authors: Ravinet Mark , Yoshida Kohta , Shigenobu Shuji , Toyoda Atsushi , Fujiyama Asao , Kitano Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSpeciation is a continuous process and analysis of species pairs at different stages of divergence provides insight into how it unfolds. Genomic studies on young species pairs have often revealed peaks of divergence and heterogeneous genomic differentiation. Yet it remains unclear how localised peaks of differentiation progress to genome-wide divergence during the later stages of speciation with gene flow. Spanning the speciation continuum, stickleback species pairs are ideal for investigating how genomic divergence builds up during speciation. However, attention has largely focused on young postglacial species pairs, with little known of the genomic signatures of divergence and introgression in older systems. The Japanese stickleback species pair, composed of the Pacific Ocean three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and the Japan Sea stickleback (G. nipponicus), which co-occur in the Japanese islands, is at a late stage of speciation. Divergence likely started well before the end of the last glacial period and crosses between Japan Sea females and Pacific Ocean males result in hybrid male sterility. Here we use coalescent analyses and Approximate Bayesian computation to show that the two species split approximately 0.68-1 million years ago but that they have continued to hybridise at a low rate throughout divergence. Population genomic data revealed that high levels of genomic differentiation are maintained across the majority of the genome when gene flow occurs. However despite this, we identified multiple, small regions of introgression, strongly correlated with recombination rate. Our results demonstrate that a high level of genome-wide divergence can establish in the face of persistent introgression and that gene flow can be localized to small genomic regions at the later stages of speciation with gene flow.Author summaryWhen species evolve, reproductive isolation leads to a build-up of differentiation in the genome where genes involved in the process occur. Much of our understanding of this comes from early stage speciation, with relatively few examples from more divergent species pairs that still exchange genes. To address this, we focused on Pacific Ocean and Japan Sea sticklebacks, which co-occur in the Japanese islands. We established that they are the oldest and most divergent known stickleback species pair, that they evolved in the face of gene flow and that this gene flow is still on going. We found introgression is confined to small, localised genomic regions where recombination rate is high. Our results show high divergence can be maintained between species, despite extensive gene flow.
Image-based profiling can discriminate the effects of inhibitors on signaling pathways under differential ligand stimulation
Authors: Tanabe Kenji , Henmi Yuji , Satake Masanobu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA major advantage of image-based phenotypic profiling of compounds is that numerous image features can be sampled and quantitatively evaluated in an unbiased way. However, since this assay is a discovery-oriented screening, it is difficult to determine the optimal experimental set-up in advance. In this study, we examined whether variable cellular stimulation affects the efficacy of image-based profiling of compounds. Seven different EGF receptor ligands were used, and the expression of EGF receptor signaling molecules was monitored at various time points. Significant quantitative differences in image features were detected among the differentially treated samples. Next, 14 different compounds that affect EGF receptor signaling were profiled. Nearly half of the compounds were classified into distinct clusters, irrespective of differential ligand stimulation. The results suggest that image-based phenotypic profiling is quite robust in its ability to predict compound interaction with its target. Although this method will have to be validated in other experimental systems, the robustness of image-based compound profiling demonstrated in this work provides a valid basis for further study and its extended application.
Modeling Epidemics: A Primer and Numerus Software Implementation
Authors: Getz Wayne M. , Salter Richard , Muellerklein Oliver , Yoon Hyun S. , Tallam Krti 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEpidemiological models are dominated by SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infected and Removed) dynamical systems formulations and their elaborations. These formulations can be continuous or discrete, deterministic or stochastic, or spatially homogeneous or heterogeneous, the latter often embracing a network formulation. Here we review the continuous and discrete deterministic and discrete stochastic formulations of the SEIR dynamical systems models, and we outline how they can be easily and rapidly constructed using the Numerus Model Builder, a graphically-driven coding platform. We also demonstrate how to extend these models to a metapopulation setting using both the Numerus Model Builder network and geographical mapping tools.
Propagating actomyosin-generated force to intercellular junction
Authors: Tang Vivian W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractActomyosin II contractility in epithelial cells plays an essential role in tension-dependent adhesion strengthening. One key unsettling question is how cellular contraction transmits force to nascent cell-cell adhesion when there is no stable attachment between the nascent adhesion complex and actin filament. Here, we showed that application of intercellular tension induces myosin 1c accumulation at the lateral membrane between epithelial cells. We hypothesized that the accumulation of myosin 1c at the cell-cell interface allows coupling of actomyosin contractility to the generation of intercellular tension, thus is essential for tension-induced junction maturation. We showed that myosin 1c KD compromises a-actinin-4 recruitment to cell-cell adhesion during normal junction maturation driven by endogenous actomyosin contractility. However, application of cyclic tension to intercellular junction from outside of the cells rescued tension-dependent a-actinin-4 accumulation, suggesting that myosin-1c KD did not compromise the tension response or disrupt the overall integrity of the junctional complex. Our study identifies myosin-1c as a novel tension-sensitive protein on the lateral membrane and underscores a non-junctional contribution to adhesion strengthening at the epithelial cell-cell adhesion interface.
Stage-specific ISG expression reveals functional convergence of type I and II IFNs in SIV infection
Authors: Echebli Nadia , Tchitchek Nicolas , Dupuy Stéphanie , Bruel Timothée , Bittencourt Passaes Caroline Peireira , Bosquet Nathalie , Le Grand Roger , Bourgeois Christine , Favier Benoit , Cheynier Rémi , Lambotte Olivier , Vaslin Bruno 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInterferons play a major role in controlling viral infections including HIV/SIV infections. Persistent up-regulation of interferon-stimulated-genes (ISGs) is associated with chronic immune activation and progression in SIV/HIV infections, but the respective contribution of different IFNs is unclear. We analyzed the expression of annotated IFN-induced genes in SIV-infected macaques to decrypt the respective roles of type-I (α,β) and type-II (γ) IFNs. Both IFN types were induced in lymph nodes during early stage of primary infection. Induction of type-II IFN persisted during the chronic phase, in contrast to undetectable induction of type-I IFN. Interferome-based analysis of ISGs revealed that at both acute and chronic infection phases most differentially expressed ISGs were inducible by both type-I and type-II IFNs and displayed the highest increases, indicating strong convergence and synergy between type-I and type-II IFNs. The analysis of functional signatures of ISG expression revealed temporal changes in IFN expression patterns identifying phase-specific ISGs. These results suggest that IFN-γ strongly contribute to shape ISG upregulation in addition to type-I IFN and may contribute to progression.
Promoter architecture determines co-translational regulation of mRNA
Authors: Espinar Lorena , Schikora Tamarit Miquel Àngel , Domingo Júlia , Carey Lucas B. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractInformation that regulates gene expression is encoded throughout each gene but if different regulatory regions can be understood in isolation, or if they interact, is unknown. Here we measure mRNA levels for 10,000 open reading frames (ORFs) transcribed from either an inducible or constitutive promoter. We find that the strength of co-translational regulation on mRNA levels is determined by promoter architecture. Using a novel computational-genetic screen of 6402 RNA-seq experiments we identify the RNA helicase Dbp2 as the mechanism by which co-translational regulation is reduced specifically for inducible promoters. Finally, we find that for constitutive genes, but not inducible genes, most of the information encoding regulation of mRNA levels in response to changes in growth rate is encoded in the ORF and not in the promoter. Thus the ORF sequence is a major regulator of gene expression, and a non-linear interaction between promoters and ORFs determines mRNA levels.
ANTENNA, a Multi-Rank, Multi-Layered Recommender System for Inferring Reliable Drug-Gene-Disease Associations: Repurposing Diazoxide as a Targeted Anti-Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Annie , Lim Hansaim , Cheng Shu-Yuan , Xie Lei 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTExisting1drug discovery process follows a reductionist model of “one-drug-one-gene-one-disease,” which is not adequate to tackle complex diseases that involve multiple malfunctioned genes. The availability of big omics data offers new opportunities to transform the drug discovery process into a new paradigm of systems pharmacology that focuses on designing drugs to target molecular interaction networks instead of a single gene. Here, we develop a reliable multi-rank, multi-layered recommender system, ANTENNA, to mine large-scale chemical genomics and disease association data for the prediction of novel drug-gene-disease associations. ANTENNA integrates a novel tri-factorization based dual-regularized weighted and imputed One Class Collaborative Filtering (OCCF) algorithm, tREMAP, with a statistical framework that is based on Random Walk with Restart and can assess the reliability of a specific prediction. In the benchmark study, tREMAP clearly outperforms the single rank OCCF. We apply ANTENNA to a real-world problem: repurposing old drugs for new clinical indications that have yet had an effective treatment. We discover that FDA-approved drug diazoxide can inhibit multiple kinase genes whose malfunction is responsible for many diseases including cancer, and kill triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells effectively at a low concentration (IC50= 0.87 μM). The TNBC is a deadly disease that currently does not have effective targeted therapies. Our finding demonstrates the power of big data analytics in drug discovery, and has a great potential toward developing a targeted therapy for the effective treatment of TNBC.
Effects of tDCS Dosage on Working Memory in Healthy Participants
Authors: Nikolin Stevan , Martin Donel , Loo Colleen K. , Boonstra Tjeerd W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has been found to improve working memory (WM) performance in healthy participants following a single session. However, results are mixed and the overall effect size is small. Interpretation of these results is confounded by heterogeneous study designs, including differences in tDCS dose (current intensity) and sham conditions used.AimsWe systematically investigated the effect of tDCS dose on working memory using behavioural and neurophysiological outcomes.MethodsIn a single-blind parallel group design, 100 participants were randomised across five groups to receive 15 minutes of bifrontal tDCS at different current intensities (2mA, 1mA, and three sham tDCS conditions at 0.034mA, 0.016mA, or 0mA). EEG activity was acquired while participants performed a WM task prior to, during, and following tDCS. Response time, accuracy and an event-related EEG component (P3) were evaluated.ResultsWe found no significant differences in response time or performance accuracy between current intensities. The P3 amplitude was significantly lower in the 0mA condition compared to the 0.034mA, 1mA and 2mA tDCS conditions. Changes in WM accuracy were moderately correlated with changes in the P3 amplitude following tDCS compared to baseline levels (r = 0.34).ConclusionsWorking memory was not significantly altered by tDCS, regardless of dose. The P3 amplitude showed that stimulation at 1mA, 2mA and a sham condition (0.034mA) had biological effects, with the largest effect size for 1mA stimulation. These findings indicate higher sensitivity of neurophysiological outcomes to tDCS and suggests that sham stimulation previously considered inactive may alter neuronal function.