bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound attenuation imaging as a strategy for evaluation of early and late ambulatory functions in Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Authors: Yan Dong , Li Qiang , Chuang Ya‐Wen , Lu Chun‐Hao , Yang Ai‐Ping , Lin Chia‐Wei , Shieh Jeng‐Yi , Weng Wen‐Chin , Tsui Po‐Hsiang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic neuromuscular disorder that leads to mobility loss and life‐threatening cardiac or respiratory complications. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) envelope statistics imaging, which characterizes fat infiltration and fibrosis in muscles, has been extensively used for DMD evaluations.PurposeNotably, changes in muscle microstructures also result in acoustic attenuation, potentially serving as another crucial imaging biomarker for DMD. Expanding upon the reference frequency method (RFM), this study contributes to the field by introducing the robust RFM (RRFM) as a novel approach for ultrasound attenuation imaging in DMD.MethodsThe RRFM algorithm was developed using an iterative reweighted least squares technique. We conducted standard phantom measurements with a clinical ultrasound system equipped with a linear array transducer to assess the improvement in attenuation estimation bias by RRFM. Additionally, 161 DMD patients, included in both a validation dataset (n = 130) and a testing dataset (n = 31), underwent ultrasound scanning of the gastrocnemius for RRFM‐based attenuation imaging. The diagnostic performances for ambulatory functions and discrimination between early and late ambulatory stages were evaluated and compared with those of QUS envelope statistics imaging (involving Nakagami distribution, homodyned K distribution, and entropy values) using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).ResultsThe results indicated that the RRFM method more closely matched the actual attenuation properties of the phantom, reducing measurement bias by 50% compared to conventional RFM. The AUROCs for RRFM‐based attenuation imaging, used to discriminate between early and late ambulatory stages, were 0.88 and 0.92 for the validation and testing datasets, respectively. These performances significantly surpassed those of QUS envelope statistics imaging (p < 0.05).ConclusionsUltrasound attenuation imaging employing RRFM may serve as a sensitive tool for evaluating the progression of ambulatory function deterioration, offering substantial potential for the health management and follow‐up care of DMD patients.
Thermomechanical analysis of strain recovery in shape memory alloys under variable non‐isothermal conditions
Authors: Descher Stefan , Krooß Philipp , Ewald Felix , Kuhl Detlef 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe present work focuses on size dependencies in thermo‐mechanical testing of shape memory alloys and a phenomenon occurring for direction‐dependent activation. Emphasis is on strain recovery which is enabled by a martensite‐to‐austenite transformation, modeled using a phenomenological evolution equation. In transient numerical studies performed with the finite element method for a non‐isothermal tension testing case, the influence of the Fourier and Stefan number is investigated. The results indicate that, in experiments, the Fourier number should ideally be much greater than ten to prevent falsification by the current Stefan number. An additional study is carried out for the activation of a beam in its thickness direction. It shows that the gradient in transformation causes bending, which can only be considered in simulations by adequate spatial resolution.
Sharing Indigenous values, practices and priorities as guidance for transforming human–environment relationships
Authors: Menzies Allyson K. , Bowles Ella , McGregor Deborah , Ford Adam T. , Popp Jesse N. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Achieving more effective and equitable environmental conservation practices and policies involves shifting from a human‐centric, top‐down perspective of environmental conservation to a perspective that respects and cares for all living and non‐living beings.

Many Indigenous Peoples from around the globe embody approaches to environmental care that are rooted in values such as responsibility, respect and reciprocity (a.k.a. relational values), which, through meaningful engagement and support of Indigenous self‐determination, can guide Western society towards a fundamental shift in perspective, practices and relationships.

We conducted interviews and sharing circles with 40 individuals from 12 Indigenous communities across Canada to describe: (1) the values, teachings and customs that are inherent to the way Indigenous Peoples relate to and care for the Land, (2) how these values and practices have changed over time and (3) ways to create environmental initiatives that are rooted in Indigenous values.

Generally, participants emphasized the critical link between people and place, and how this leads to environmental practices rooted in values such as respect, reciprocity, humility and responsibility. They also reflected on the negative impacts of colonialism, environmental change and modernization on their connections to the Land and opportunities to practice these values, but highlighted that cultural revitalization efforts have started to restore traditional values and practices. To create environmental initiatives that are rooted in important values, research participants called for building better relationships both with nature and with each other through nature.

Ultimately, uplifting Indigenous values systems and, specifically, the ways Indigenous Peoples relate to and care for the natural world stands to heal our relationship with the Land and safeguard it into the future.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
A semi‐automated workflow for DIA‐based global discovery to pathway‐driven PRM analysis
Authors: Guergues Jennifer , Wohlfahrt Jessica , Koomen John M. , Krieger Jonathan R. , Varma Sameer , Stevens Stanley M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTargeted proteomics, which includes parallel reaction monitoring (PRM), is typically utilized for more precise detection and quantitation of key proteins and/or pathways derived from complex discovery proteomics datasets. Initial discovery‐based analysis using data independent acquisition (DIA) can obtain deep proteome coverage with low data missingness while targeted PRM assays can provide additional benefits in further eliminating missing data and optimizing measurement precision. However, PRM method development from bioinformatic predictions can be tedious and time‐consuming because of the DIA output complexity. We address this limitation with a Python script that rapidly generates a PRM method for the TIMS‐TOF platform using DIA data and a user‐defined target list. To evaluate the script, DIA data obtained from HeLa cell lysate (200 ng, 45‐min gradient method) as well as canonical pathway information from Ingenuity Pathway Analysis was utilized to generate a pathway‐driven PRM method. Subsequent PRM analysis of targets within the example pathway, regulation of apoptosis, resulted in improved chromatographic data and enhanced quantitation precision (100% peptides below 10% CV with a median CV of 2.9%, n = 3 technical replicates). The script is freely available at https://github.com/StevensOmicsLab/PRM‐script and provides a framework that can be adapted to multiple DDA/DIA data outputs and instrument‐specific PRM method types.
Geometric optimal filtering for an articulated n‐trailer vehicle with unknown parameters
Authors: Rigo Damiano , Sansonetto Nicola , Muradore Riccardo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this article, we consider the equations of motion for an articulated ‐trailer vehicle with different masses and inertias in the presence of force and torque commands. We design a second‐order optimal filter to estimate the pose of the first vehicle and of the trailers exploiting the Lie group structure and the nonholonomic and hooking constraints. We consider the filtering problem from three different perspectives: in the first masses and inertias are time‐varying and perfectively known, in the second they are known only in the first part of the maneuver, but they are not updated over time. In the last case masses and inertias are considered within the state vector and therefore estimated by the filter. Depending on the needs in real‐life applications (e.g., whether the masses and inertias remain fixed or change during the maneuver and are unknown), the best‐performing filter can be used. The sensing system consists of a GPS‐like configuration (global positioning system) obtained by using an antenna attached to the leading car.
Effect of Surface Dissolution on the Floatability of Brucite in Three Anionic Collector Systems
Authors: Gong Xiufeng , Yao Jin , Yin Wanzhong , Song Ningbo , Wang Yulian 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis study investigated the relation between the solubility and floatability of the soluble mineral brucite, focusing on the concentration characteristics of dissolved Mg2+ in brucite under three dissolution methods and the surface characteristics after dissolution. Some common rules of brucite flotation in three anionic collectors were discovered. Results of a flotation test showed that for three anionic collector systems of sodium oleate, sodium dodecyl sulfonate, and oxidized paraffin soap, the flotation recovery rate of brucite increased with the time of dissolution and decreased with the removal of dissolved Mg2+, but the flotation recovery rate is lower than that of untreated brucite. Inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy indicated that the content of dissolved Mg2+ in brucite slurry increases with increasing brucite content or dissolution time. Zeta potential measurements showed that the ability of dissolved Mg2+ to increase the surface potential of brucite follows the order of H2SO4 action > HCl action > H2O action. Adsorption capacity measurements showed that the presence of dissolved Mg2+ after dissolution is not beneficial for the adsorption of the three collectors on the surface of brucite. The capacity of the adsorption collectors follows the order of brucite after H2O dissolution > brucite after HCl dissolution > brucite after H2SO4 dissolution. Scanning electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses indicated that the surface dissolution promoted the dissolution of Mg2+ on brucite surface in the solution, reducing the number of Mg sites on brucite surface and deteriorating the collection effect of the collector.
One‐Step DES‐Mediated Synthesis of Au Nanoparticles Using Eysenhardtia polystachya Extract and Evaluation of Their Proapoptotic and Anti‐Inflammatory Activities
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Sánchez Roxana , Molina Gustavo A. , López‐Miranda J. Luis , Rodríguez‐Torres Angelina , Estévez Miriam , Esparza Rodrigo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe synthesis of nanomaterials using plant extracts is considered to be a safer, environmentally friendly, and cost‐effective alternative method. In this work, Eysenhardtia polystachya (EP) extract and choline chloride/urea (ChCl/urea)‐based deep eutectic solvent (DES) were used for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), without an additional stabilizing agent, which is of great interest in the field of biomedicine. The antioxidant capacity of the extract and the phenolic content, involved in the reduction of Au3+ ions of the precursor were evaluated. The AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet‐visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, ζ‐potential, confocal laser scanning microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The nanoparticles are mostly quasi‐spherical shape, with a multiply‐twinned structure, an average particle size of 36 nm, and a characteristic absorption peak at 545 nm. The colloidal stability was confirmed with a ζ‐potential value of −32.8 mV. Finally, the AuNPs were tested for their potential in cancer therapy using human prostate adenocarcinoma PC‐3 cells. The anti‐inflammatory activity of the EP extract and AuNPs was also evaluated. The results showed that the synthesized AuNPs could potentially induce cell death and have an anti‐inflammatory effect.
Fabrication of a Hydrophilic Al2O3/AlN EP Coating with Self‐Cleaning and High‐Efficiency Anti‐Corrosion Properties
Authors: Zhang Xuyang , Ma Huachao , Wan Detian , Liu Xiaogen , Lv Kuilin , Wang Xiufang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCurrently, with the gradual development of anticorrosive coatings, the pursuit of simple preparation methods and the improvement of anticorrosive coatings’ properties have become the major research trends. This study successfully prepared a hydrophilic super anticorrosive coating through a simple mixing method. The coating has a contact Angle of 67.8° and a rolling Angle greater than 20°. This coating can withstand 180 days of salt spray test with no bubble or rust formation when placed on a Q 235 substrate in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution, demonstrating the excellent corrosion resistance of the AO0.4AN0.6EP coating. Furthermore, after being immersed in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution for 3 days, the AO0.4AN0.6EP coating exhibited the largest impedance diameter (2.07×108 Ω⋅cm2), almost three times larger than other coatings, and possessed the highest Bode modulus value, one order of magnitude higher than other coatings. After immersion in a 3.5 wt % NaCl solution for 7 days, the AO0.4AN0.6EP coating had the largest Ecorr and the smallest icorr, indicating its superior corrosion resistance. In addition to corrosion resistance, the AO0.4AN0.6EP coating showed no signs of cracking, discoloration, or decomposition after being exposed to ultraviolet aging lights for 30 days, demonstrating its excellent UV resistance. Moreover, neither dry soil particles nor muddy water could adhere to the coating surface, proving its good self‐cleaning ability. Therefore, this coating holds promising applications in the field of super corrosion‐resistant coatings.
Thermal Stabilities of Phenolic Resoles Prepared from Four Phenolic Compounds as Model Components of Bio‐Oil
Authors: Wang Yifei , Wang Ze , Qin Pengfei , Li Songgeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBio‐oil formaldehyde resole (BFR) can be used as adhesive in plywood industry. However, the BFR has a lower thermal stability, and the reason is still unclear. Herein, the reactivities of four representative phenolic compounds in bio‐oil, including two ortho phenols (2‐methylphenol, 2‐methoxyphenol) and two para phenols (4‐methylphenol and 4‐methoxyphenol), as well as the thermal stabilities of the prepared resoles are investigated. The results show that the reactivity of an ortho phenol is higher than that of a para phenol. The resole prepared from a para phenol has a higher thermal stability than that of an ortho phenol. The resole of an ortho phenol decomposes even when heated at the low temperature of 100 °C. The resole of a methylphenol generally has a higher thermal stability than that of a methoxyphenol. Based on the results, the reason for the low reactivity of bio‐oil and the low thermal stability of BFR are speculated.
An ITO free All Tungsten‐Based Electrochromic Energy Storage Device as Smart Window
Authors: Ganesha Mukhesh K. , Hakkeem Hafis , Mondal Indrajit , Singh Ashutosh K. , Kulkarni Giridhar U. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractExcessive electricity usage in buildings, notably for heating and cooling, accounts for over 30% of energy consumption, creating a pressing need for energy‐saving solutions. Electrochromic Smart Windows (ECSW) aims to reduce energy use while maintaining comfort but faces high costs due to materials like tin‐doped indium oxide (ITO) and thick electrochromic films. Moreover, achieving full opacity in the colored state of ECSW is a bottleneck for the industry to overcome privacy concerns. Herein, efforts are directed toward finding cost‐efficient alternatives, with all‐tungsten‐based mesh networks showing promise due to enhanced stability. This newly developed ITO‐free, all‐tungsten ECSW displays minimal transmittance (≈3%) in the colored state using only 260 nm thick sub‐stoichiometric tungsten oxide (WO3‐x) film within a lithium‐ion‐based electrolyte. The ECSW device of size (25 cm2) also demonstrates areal capacitance of ≈13 mF cm−2 to power a liquid crystal display (LCD) for ≈25 min, showcasing its energy storage capabilities. Additionally, to confirm scalability and cost‐effectiveness, a larger 15 × 15 cm2 ECSW utilized a single hybrid electrode, highlighting the potential for reducing costs when scaling up production processes. This advancement represents a significant stride toward accessible and energy‐efficient smart window technology, offering broader applicability within modern architectural practices.
An azo substituted quinoline‐malononitrile enzyme‐activable aggregation‐induced emission nanoprobe for hypoxia imaging
Authors: Zhu Zhirong , Liu Shichang , Wu Xupeng , Yu Qianqian , Duan Yi , Hu Shanshan , Zhu Wei‐Hong , Wang Qi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) active probes is crucial for disease diagnosis, particularly for tumors and cardiovascular diseases. Current AIE‐active probes primarily focus on improving their water solubility to resist aggregation, thereby achieving an initial fluorescence‐off state. However, the complex biological environment can cause undesirable aggregation, resulting in false signals. To address this issue, we have ingeniously introduced an azo group into the AIE luminogen (AIEgen), developing a reductase‐activated AIE probe, Azo‐quinoline‐malononitrile (QM)‐PN, for imaging hypoxic environments. In this probe, the azo group promotes intramolecular motion through rapid E/Z isomerization, causing the excited state energy to dissipate via non‐radiative decay, thus turning off the initial fluorescence. In the presence of reductase, Azo‐QM‐PN is reduced and cleaved to produce the hydrophobic AIEgen NH2‐QM‐PN, which subsequently aggregates and generates an in situ AIE signal, thereby imaging the hypoxic environment with reductase. Encapsulation of Azo‐QM‐PN with DSPE‐PEG2000 results in the formation of the nanoprobe Azo‐QM‐PN NPs, which can effectively penetrate cell membranes, specifically illuminate tumor cells, monitor fluctuations in azo reductase levels, and deeply penetrate and image multicellular tumor spheroids, demonstrating potential for hypoxic tumor imaging. Additionally, the nanoprobe Azo‐QM‐PN NPs can selectively image hypoxic atherosclerotic plaque tissues, showing potential for detecting atherosclerosis. Therefore, in this study, we successfully developed an enzyme‐activated AIE probe for imaging hypoxic environments, laying the foundation for further clinical applications.
The Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices – A Look at the Future
Authors: Rogalski Antoni , Wang Fang , Wang Jin , Martyniuk Piotr , Hu Weida 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe perovskite materials are broadly incorporated into optoelectronic devices due to a number of advantages. Their rapid technological progress is related to the relatively simple fabrication process, low production cost and high efficiency. Significant improvement is made in the light emitting, detection performance and device design especially operating in the visible and near‐infrared regions. This review presents the status and possible future development of the perovskite devices such as solar cells, photodetectors, and light‐emitting diodes. The fundamental properties of perovskite materials related to their effective device applications are summarized. Since the development of the perovskite technology is mainly driven by the revolutionary evolution of the semiconductor perovskite solar cell as a robust candidate for next‐generation solar energy harvesting, this topic is considered first. The device engineering of various perovskite photodetector structures, including perovskite quantum dot photodetectors, is then discussed in detail. Their performance is compared with the current commercial photodetectors available on the global market together with their challenges. Finally, the considerable progress in the fabrication of the perovskite light‐emitting diodes with external quantum efficiency exceeding 20% is presented. The paper is completed in an attempt to determine the development of perovskite optoelectronic devices in the future.
Isolated internal iliac artery aneurysm: An ultrasound finding
Authors: Sirlyn Quanson , Upton Anthony 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIsolated internal iliac (hypogastric) artery aneurysms are sporadic. When they rupture, patients face a significant risk due to the deep‐seated location of the aneurysm within the pelvis region. Herein, we describe a rare case of an unruptured isolated internal iliac artery aneurysm measuring 4.1 × 4.0 × 3.2 cm found coincidentally in a routine female pelvic ultrasound. Considering the heightened risk of rupture, expeditious diagnosis and intervention are imperative.
Bitcoin Price Prediction Using Deep Bayesian LSTM With Uncertainty Quantification: A Monte Carlo Dropout–Based Approach
Authors: Hassan Masoud Muhammed 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBitcoin, being one of the most triumphant cryptocurrencies, is gaining increasing popularity online and is being used in a variety of transactions. Recently, research on Bitcoin price predictions is receiving more attention, and researchers have investigated the various state‐of‐the‐art machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) models to predict Bitcoin price. However, despite these models providing promising predictions, they consistently exhibit uncertainty, which cannot be adequately quantified by classical ML models alone. Motivated by the enormous success of applying Bayesian approaches in several disciplines of ML and DL, this study aims to use Bayesian methods alongside Long Short‐Term Memory (LSTM) to predict the closing Bitcoin price and consequently measure the uncertainty of the prediction model. Specifically, we adopted the Monte Carlo dropout (MC‐Dropout) method with the Bayesian LSTM model to quantify the epistemic uncertainty of the model's predictions and provided confidence intervals for the predicted outputs. Experimental results showed that the proposed model is efficient and outperforms other state‐of‐the‐art models in terms of root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE) and R2. Thus, we believe that these models may assist the investors and traders in making critical decisions based on short‐term predictions of Bitcoin price. This study illustrates the potential benefits of utilizing Bayesian DL approaches in time series analysis to improve data prediction accuracy and reliability.