bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH STRES KERJA, EMPLOYEE ENGAGMENT, DAN KEDISIPLINAN TERHADAP KINERJA DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA KARYAWAN CV. KARYA MANUNGGAL SEMARANG
Authors: Santoso Djoko , Lianasari - , Wardoyo Paulus 
Published: January 2018

<p><em>The research is conducted on companies that produce gloves both for domestic and abroad. Production companies like these require a lot of employees and high performance. But the company's work has decreased, so the company's target can not be achieved. Not achieving the target company is allegedly influenced by several factors, such as job stress, discipline, employee engagement, and job satisfaction. The purpose of this research is to analyze the influence of work stress, discipline and employee engagement on performance with job satisfaction as intervening variable. The respondent in this study as many as 247 employees. Data analysis technique used is SEM (Structural equation Modeling) with LISREL program Version 8.80. The result of analysis shows that job stress and employee engagement have an effect on job satisfaction, job stress and employee engagement also affect to employee performance. There is no effect of discipline on job satisfaction or performance..</em></p><p><em>Keywords: Job stress, Discipline, Employee Engagement, satisfaction and<br /> Employee performance</em></p><p align="center"> </p><p>Penelitian ini dilakukan pada perusahaan yang memproduksi sarung tangan baik untuk dalam negeri maupun luar negeri. Perusahaan produksi seperti ini membutuhkan karyawan yang banyak serta kinerja yang tinggi. Namun hasil kinerja perusahaan mengalami penurunan, sehingga target perusahaan tidak dapat tercapai. Tidak tercapainya target perusahaan ini diduga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor , diantaranya adalah stres kerja, kedisiplinan, <em>employee engagement, </em>dan kepuasan kerja. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh stres kerja, kedisiplinan dan <em>employee engagement</em> terhadap kinerja dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel <em>intervening</em>. Responden dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 247 karyawan. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah SEM (<em>Structural equation Modelling</em>) dengan program LISREL Versi 8.80. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa stres kerja dan <em>employee engagement</em> berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja, stres kerja dan <em>employee engagement</em> juga berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan. Tidak ada pengaruh kedisiplinan terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja.</p><p>Kata Kunci : Stres kerja , Kedisiplinan, <em>Employee Engagement</em>, kepuasan dan Kinerja Karyawan.</p>
Carbon Dioxide Effects on Wellbore-Pressure Response During Injection/Falloff Test
Authors: Machado Cíntia G. , Firoozabad Mohammadreza M. , Reynolds Albert C. 
Published: January 2018

Summary
We provide analytical solutions for the wellbore pressure during an injection/falloff-test problem under radial-flow conditions in homogeneous porous media where the injected fluid is carbonated water. For both the injection and falloff periods, we assume an isothermal process with thermodynamic equilibrium, a linear adsorption isotherm, and viscosities that depend only on the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration. We also neglect CO2 diffusion, gravity effects, and capillarity effects. For the injection period, we first determine the saturation and concentration distributions with time in the reservoir by applying the method of characteristics to solve the appropriate system of hyperbolic conservation equations, where we assume incompressible fluids. In solving for water saturation and CO2 concentration in water, we neglect the change in water volume caused by the variation of the CO2 concentration in water. After solving for the saturation and concentration profiles, the pressure solution can be obtained by integrating Darcy's law, from the wellbore radius to infinity, while assuming an infinite-acting reservoir and invoking the Thompson-Reynolds steady-state theory (Thompson and Reynolds 1997b). Because Darcy's law does not assume incompressible flow, the pressure solution generated does not assume incompressible flow. To obtain an analytical expression for the wellbore pressure, however, we do assume that for injection and falloff, the total flow-rate profile in the reservoir is constant in a region from the wellbore to a radius greater than the radius of the flood front. The region within this radius increases with time and it is referred to as the steady-state region or zone (Thompson and Reynolds 1997b). During the falloff stage, it is assumed that there is no change in saturation in the reservoir, which is reasonable because we neglect capillary pressure, the gravity force, and fluid compressibilities when determining the saturation profile. Using these assumptions, we generate analytical solutions for a carbonated-water-injection (CWI)/falloff test and compare these solutions with those obtained with a commercial reservoir simulator using very fine spatial grids and very small timesteps. This comparison suggests that the analytical solutions presented can be used reliably to analyze pressure data obtained during CWI/falloff tests.
Development of Efficiently Coupled Fluid-Flow/Geomechanics Model To Predict Stress Evolution in Unconventional Reservoirs With Complex-Fracture Geometry
Authors: Sangnimnuan Anusarn , Li Jiawei , Wu Kan 
Published: January 2018

Summary
Stress changes associated with reservoir depletion are often observed in the field. Stress evolution within and surrounding drainage areas can greatly affect further reservoir developments, such as completion of infill wells and refracturing. Previous studies mainly focus on biwing planar-fracture geometry, which limits the possibility of investigating stress evolution caused by complex-fracture geometry. In this paper, we have developed a novel and efficient coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics model with an embedding-discrete-fracture model (EDFM) to characterize stress evolution associated with depletion in unconventional reservoirs with complex-fracture geometry. Coupled geomechanics/fluid flow was developed using the well-known fixed-stress-split method, which is unconditionally stable and computationally efficient to simulate how stress changes during reservoir depletion. EDFM was coupled to the model to gain capability of simulating complex-fracture geometries using structured grids. The model was validated against the classical Terzaghi (1925) and Mandel (1953) problems. Local grid refinement was used as a benchmark when comparing results from EDFM for fractures with 0 and 45° angles of inclination. After that, the model was used to analyze stress distribution and reorientation in reservoirs with three different fracture geometries: planar-fracture (90° angle of inclination), 60° inclination, and nonplanar-fracture geometries. As the pressure decreases, reservoir stresses tend to change anisotropically depending on depletion area. The principal stress parallel to the initial fracture reduces faster than the orthogonal one as a function of time. The decrease rate of principal stresses is distinct for different shapes of depleted areas created by different fracture geometries. The rectangular shape produced by the planar-fracture geometry yields the largest stress-reorientation area for a variety of differential-stress (DS) values (difference between two horizontal principal stresses). The squared shape produced by nonplanar-fracture geometry yields stress reorientation only for low DS. The results indicate that created fracture geometry has a significant effect on stress distribution and reorientation induced by depletion. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time a coupled fluid-flow/geomechanics model incorporated with EDFM has been developed to efficiently calculate stress evolution in reservoirs with complex-fracture geometry. Characterization of stress evolution will provide critical guidelines for optimization of completion designs and further reservoir development.
Seasonal Liveweight Gain of Beef Cattle on Guineagrass Pastures in the Brazilian Cerrados
Authors: Maciel G.A. , Braga G.J. , Guimarães R. , Ramos A.K.B. , Carvalho M.A. , Fernandes F.D. , Fonseca C.E.L. , Jank L. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
The cultivars Tamani and Zuri have greater nutritive value than cultivar Massai.The individual cattle performance was greater in Tamani and Zuri pastures.Massai provided the same liveweight gain per area than Tamani and Zuri.Tamani and Zuri can be used in grazing systems aiming cattle growing and fattening.Tamani can minimize usual guineagrass restrictions during rainy‐dry season transition.
The development of forage cultivars suitable for the Brazilian Cerrados should incorporate long‐term cattle performance results, ensuring released material be persistent and of high quality. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of three guineagrass [Megathyrsus maximus (Jacq.) B. K. Simon & S. W. L. Jacobs] cultivars (Massai, Tamani, and Zuri) on liveweight gain of young Nellore (Bos indicus) bulls under grazing. The trial was performed in Planaltina (Federal District, Brazil) from 2011 to 2013 encompassing dry and rainy seasons. Cattle average daily gain (ADG) in the rainy season differed among cultivars, averaging 0.716, 0.791, and 0.883 kg head−1 d−1 for Massai, Tamani, and Zuri, respectively. The ADG was lesser (0.284 kg head−1 d−1) in the dry season with no effects of cultivar. Massai had a similar stocking rate (SR) as Tamani but a greater SR than Zuri in the rainy season (490, 445, and 417 animal unit day ha−1), which was influenced by its greater herbage accumulation rate (HAR; 66.8, 41.4 and 42.3 kg DM ha−1 d−1, respectively). However, there were no differences among cultivars in liveweight (LW) gain per area (GA 2.28 kg ha−1 d−1). In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) was lesser for Massai (530 g kg−1) compared to Tamani and Zuri (561 and 550 g kg−1, respectively). Due to above‐average nutritive value, Tamani and Zuri provided greater individual cattle performance than Massai, although the GA was similar among all cultivars.
Planter Technology to Reduce Double‐Planted Area and Improve Corn and Soybean Yields
Authors: Corassa Geomar M. , Amado Telmo J. C. , Liska Thomas , Sharda Ajay , Fulton John , Ciampitti Ignacio A. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Corn yield was more proportionally reduced for double‐planted area as yield level decreased.Soybean yield presented similar behavior for both double‐planted area and automatic section control at varying yield levels.ROI for the ASC technology is recovered with lower planted area when corn is the main crop.Overall DPA% was 5.5%, but for irregular fields double‐planted area increased faster as planted area rose.
Double‐planted area (DPA) on end rows commonly occurs in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L.) fields. Economic and yield losses from DPA can be reduced by using the automatic section control (ASC) technology on planters. However, the effects of DPA on crop yield within different yield levels (yield potentials) as well as different DPA proportion within Brazilian fields are not yet quantified. Using two datasets, the objectives of this study were: dataset I‐ (a) quantify yield losses from DPA in corn and soybean; (b) calculate the planting area necessary to recover the investment from ASC for Brazil and U.S. farmers when considering: (i) yield loss, (ii), DPA proportion, (iii) corn/soybean ratio in the rotation, and (iv) planted area; dataset II‐ (c) estimate DPA proportion at a regional‐scale using data from 128 Brazilian fields. The main results were: dataset I‐ (1) corn yield losses linearly increased due to DPA as yield level decreased; (2) soybean yields were less sensitive to DPA; (3) when only corn was considered, economic returns from using ASC was recovered with a smaller planted area; and dataset II‐ (4) overall DPA proportion was 5.5% of the total field area, increasing proportionally for irregular shaped fields. Use of ASC technology benefited soybeans via seed savings, while for corn, via both seed savings and superior yields. Future research focused on the ASC benefits should consider potential interactions between crop genotypes, field management, and environments.
Alternate Wetting and Drying Decreases Methylmercury in Flooded Rice (Oryza sativa) Systems
Authors: Tanner K. Christy , Windham-Myers Lisamarie , Marvin-DiPasquale Mark , Fleck Jacob A. , Linquist Bruce A. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
We studied how alternate wetting and drying (AWD) water management effects methylmercury (MeHg) dynamics in rice fields.
Alternate wetting and drying reduced MeHg concentrations in soil, water, and rice grain.
Iron speciation indicated that AWD oxidized the soil and regenerated electron acceptors.
Rice yield did not differ between AWD and the control over 4 yr.
In flooded soils, including those found in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields, microbes convert inorganic Hg to more toxic methylmercury (MeHg). Methylmercury is accumulated in rice grain, potentially affecting health. Methylmercury in rice field surface water can bioaccumulate in wildlife. We evaluated how introducing aerobic periods into an otherwise continuously flooded rice growing season affects MeHg dynamics. Conventional continuously flooded (CF) rice field water management was compared with alternate wetting and drying, where irrigation was stopped twice during the growing season, allowing soil to dry to 35% volumetric moisture content, at which point plots were reflooded (AWD‐35). Methylmercury studies began at harvest in Year 3 and throughout Year 4 of a 4‐yr replicated field experiment. Bulk soil, water, and plant samples were analyzed for MeHg and total Hg (THg), and iron (Fe) speciation was measured in soil samples. Rice grain yield over 4 yr did not differ between treatments. Soil chemistry responded quickly to AWD‐35 dry‐downs, showing significant oxidation of Fe(II) accompanied by a significant reduction of MeHg concentration (76% reduction at harvest) compared with CF. Surface water MeHg decreased by 68 and 39% in the growing and fallow seasons, respectively, suggesting that the effects of AWD‐35 management can last through to the fallow season. The AWD‐35 treatment reduced rice grain MeHg and THg by 60 and 32%, respectively. These results suggest that the more aerobic conditions caused by AWD‐35 limited the activity of Hg(II)‐methylating microbes and may be an effective way to reduce MeHg concentrations in rice ecosystems.
Plant Tissue Analysis to Assess Phosphorus and Potassium Nutritional Status of Corn and Soybean
Authors: Stammer Andrew J. , Mallarino Antonio P. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
There is a need for developing more reliable interpretations for tissue tests in corn and soybean.
Tissue testing has no widespread use in many regions partly due to lack of reliable interpretations.
We determined critical P and K concentrations at vegetative and reproductive growth stages.
There is a need for reevaluating the value of tissue testing in corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] for current yield levels and genotypes. The objective of this research was to determine tissue critical P and K concentrations for these crops at vegetative and reproductive growth stages. Response trials were conducted in Iowa at 30 sites for P (32 site‐years with corn and 34 with soybean) and at 53 sites for K (67 site‐years with corn and 52 with soybean). We sampled whole plants at the V5‐V6 stage, corn ear‐leaf blades at the R1 stage, and trifoliate soybean leaves at the R2‐R3 stage. Critical concentration ranges (CCRs) were defined using linear‐plateau and quadratic‐plateau models. All models fit significantly (P ≤ 0.01). Model R2 values were the lowest (0.31–0.45) for corn plant P, soybean plant and leaf P, and soybean plant K; intermediate (0.51–0.53) for corn plant and leaf K and soybean leaf K; and the highest (0.62–0.64) for corn leaf P. For corn plants and leaves, CCRs were 4.8 to 5.5 and 2.5 to 3.1 g P kg¯1 and 18.8 to 25.4 and 10.6 to 14.2 g K kg¯1, respectively. For soybean plants and leaves, CCRs were 3.3 to 4.1 and 3.5 to 4.7 g P kg¯1 and 18.9 to 22.7 and 15.6 to 19.9 g K kg¯1, respectively. Testing of corn ear‐leaves for P was more accurate than for plants but either tissue provided similar K assessments. Testing soybean plants for P was more accurate than for leaves, but for K testing of leaves was more accurate than for plants.
Prediction and Mapping of Soil Attributes using Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy and Magnetic Susceptibility
Authors: de Souza Bahia Angélica Santos Rabelo , Marques José , La Scala Newton , Pellegrino Cerri Carlos Eduardo , Camargo Livia Arantes 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
We used VIS‐NIR spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility to predict soil attributes.
This paper shows the importance these tools for mapping large areas with detail scale.
Indirect measurements are useful to characterize spatial variability of attributes.
The maps predicted showed the same spatial pattern that the observed maps.
The methodologies used are much simpler and faster than conventional methods.
The development of fast, accurate and low‐cost methods to quantify soil attributes is of paramount importance to enable detailed mapping, mainly in tropical regions where there is great variation of the chemical, physical and mineralogical attributes. Therefore, the aims of this paper were (i) to investigate if visible and near infrared (VIS‐NIR) spectroscopy and magnetic susceptibility (MS) can be applied to determine soil attributes at the sandstone‐basaltic transition and (ii) evaluate and map their spatial distribution. Calibration models based on VIS‐NIR spectroscopy and MS were developed separately for each attribute. Soil samples (0–25 cm depth) were collected at 446 sites, air‐dried and passed through a 2‐mm sieve and analyzed in the laboratory. To develop models based on soil spectra and laboratory data, the partial least squares regression (PLSR) was used. Already, the MS‐based models were calibrated by linear regression between magnetic and laboratory data. The best prediction accuracy parameters were obtained with MS, later with VIS‐NIR and lastly with VIS. The more accurate results between the observed and predicted values were found for iron oxide extracted by dithionite (R2 = 0.89, RRMSE = 0.02), clay (R2 = 0.85, RRMSE = 0.76) and total carbon (R2 = 0.83, RRMSE = 1.18) estimated by MS, revealing that this is a good predictor of key properties of studied soils, even with wide chemical and mineralogical variation. Both tools are very attractive for the strategic planning of land use and occupation, mapping large areas with detailed scale, environmental monitoring and precision agriculture.
KEARIFAN TUKANG KREDIT DI KEC. CEPIRING KABUPATEN KENDAL
Authors: Fathoni Nur 
Published: January 2018

<p>Tukang kredit di Kecamatan Cepiring Kabupaten Kendal Jawa Tengah telah memberi warna model jual beli pada masyarakat. Mereka kebanyakan perantau dari Jawa Barat. Model jual beli yang mereka lakukan adalah jual beli dengan pembayaran tunda. Artinya mereka menjajakan barang dagangan dan pembeli mengangsur pembayaran harga yang disepakati. Jumlah angsuran dan masa angsuran disepakati tetapi <em>longgar</em> (bisa berubah). Jumlah angsuran disebut dalam akad jual beli setelah menyepakati harga. Kebiasaan waktu mengangsur adalah mingguan. Kedua belah pihak telah memiliki kebiasaan yang dijadikan dasar pemenuhan kesepakatan jual beli. Kearifan tukang kredit ada pada ke<em>longgar</em>an menyikapi pembeli. Hal ini berbeda manakala dibandingkan dengan sistem jual beli yang dilakukan pada lembaga keuangan syariah. Kepastian menjadi sesuatu yang tidak bisa ditawar dan membawa konsekuensi. Para tukang kredit juga memiliki dasar agama dalam melakukan bisnis. Mereka menegaskan fungsinya sebagai penjual bukan pemberi pinjaman. Oleh karenanya aturan tentang jual beli bayar tunda seperti harga harus disepakati dan tidak bisa berubah, mereka jaga betul. Kearifan mereka nampak dalam konteks tidak menaikkan harga meskipun ada pengunduran masa angsuran dari 10 minggu menjadi 20 minggu sekalipu. kearifan lainnya nampak dalam konteks tidak ada denda penundaan atau keterlambatan pembayaran. Kearifan mereka dibangun atas keyakinan dalam berbisnis dan keteguhan menjaga ajaran agama agar menjaga kesepakatan atau akad.</p>
Flood risk management under climate change: a hydro-economic perspective
Authors: Devkota Rohini P. , Maraseni Tek 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Most developing countries, like Nepal, are expected to experience the greatest impact of climate change (CC) sooner and on a greater magnitude than other developed countries. Increase in the magnitude and frequency of extreme rainfall events is likely to increase the risk of flooding in rivers. The West Rapti River basin is one of the most flood prone and also one of the most dynamic and economically important basins of Nepal. This study elicits the willingness to pay (WTP) from the local people in the basin to reduce risks from possible floods due to CC. The WTP for flood mitigation in different flood hazard zones and flood scenarios were determined using referendum method and a face to face questionnaire survey. From a total of 720 households across all flood zones, a stratified randomly selected sample of 210 households was surveyed. The sample included households from a range of socio-economic backgrounds. The average WTP varied by flood hazard zone and within each zone, by CC-induced flood scenarios. The average WTP of respondents was highest for the critical flood prone zone, followed by moderate and low flood prone zones. Similarly, within each zone, the average WTP increased with increasing flood magnitudes due to CC. The variation of average WTP of respondents in different flood prone zones and scenarios indicate different levels of perceived severity. Moreover, the introduction of the concept of ‘man-day’ or ‘labour-day’ in WTP research is a novel and applicable methodological approach, particularly in the South Asian region. The findings of this study are useful for policy implications for the design of participatory flood management plans in the river basin.
Low Cost Frictional Seismic Base-Isolation of Residential New Masonry Buildings in Developing Countries: A Small Masonry House Case Study
Authors: Habieb Ahmad Basshofi , Milani Gabriele , Tavio Tavio , Milani Federico 
Published: January 2018

Introduction:An advanced Finite Element model is presented to examine the performance of a low-cost friction based-isolation system in reducing the seismic vulnerability of low-class rural housings. This study, which is mainly numerical, adopts as benchmark an experimental investigation on a single story masonry system eventually isolated at the base and tested on a shaking table in India.Methods:Four friction isolation interfaces, namely, marble-marble, marble-high-density polyethylene, marble-rubber sheet, and marble-geosynthetic were involved. Those interfaces differ for the friction coefficient, which was experimentally obtained through the aforementioned research. The FE model adopted here is based on a macroscopic approach for masonry, which is assumed as an isotropic material exhibiting damage and softening. The Concrete damage plasticity (CDP) model, that is available in standard package of ABAQUS finite element software, is used to determine the non-linear behavior of the house under non-linear dynamic excitation.Results and Conclusion:The results of FE analyses show that the utilization of friction isolation systems could much decrease the acceleration response at roof level, with a very good agreement with the experimental data. It is also found that systems with marble-marble and marble-geosynthetic interfaces reduce the roof acceleration up to 50% comparing to the system without isolation. Another interesting result is that there was little damage appearing in systems with frictional isolation during numerical simulations. Meanwhile, a severe state of damage was clearly visible for the system without isolation.