bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wannier functions of cumulene: A tight‐binding approach
Authors: Ribeiro Allan V. , Nacbar Denis R. , Bruno‐Alfonso Alexys 
Published: November 2015

AbstractExponentially localized Wannier functions of cumulene are calculated from the Bloch functions obtained through a tight‐binding approach. Numerical results and discussions are given for the and bands. In the latter case, the single‐band Wannier functions are similar to the orbitals of a diatomic molecule, while the two‐band Wannier functions resemble hybrid atomic orbitals.Contour plot of an sp‐like Wannier function of cumulene.
Identification of Small Molecules Which Induce Skeletal Muscle Differentiation in Embryonic Stem Cells via Activation of the Wnt and Inhibition of Smad2/3 and Sonic Hedgehog Pathways
Authors: Lee Hyunwoo , Haller Corinne , Manneville Carole , Doll Thierry , Fruh Isabelle , Keller Caroline Gubser , Richards Shola M. , Ibig-Rehm Yvonne , Patoor Maude , Goette Marjo , Bouchez Laure C. , Mueller Matthias 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The multilineage differentiation capacity of mouse and human embryonic stem (ES) cells offers a testing platform for small molecules that mediate mammalian lineage determination and cellular specialization. Here we report the identification of two small molecules which drives mouse 129 ES cell differentiation to skeletal muscle with high efficiency without any genetic modification. Mouse embryoid bodies (EBs) were used to screen a library of 1,000 small molecules to identify compounds capable of inducing high levels of Pax3 mRNA. Stimulation of EBs with SMIs (skeletal muscle inducer, SMI1 and SMI2) from the screen resulted in a high percentage of intensively twitching skeletal muscle fibers 3 weeks after induction. Gene expression profiling studies that were carried out for mode of actions analysis showed that SMIs activated genes regulated by the Wnt pathway and inhibited expression of Smad2/3 and Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) target genes. A combination of three small molecules known to modulate these three pathways acted similarly to the SMIs found here, driving ES cells from 129 as well as Balb/c and C57Bl/6 to skeletal muscle. Taken together, these data demonstrate that the SMI drives ES cells to skeletal muscle via concerted activation of the Wnt pathway, and inhibition of Smad2/3 signaling and Shh pathways. This provides important developmental biological information about skeletal muscle differentiation from embryonic stem cells and may lead to the development of new therapeutics for muscle disease.
Maternal dietary imbalance between omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids impairs neocortical development via epoxy metabolites
Authors: Sakayori Nobuyuki , Kikkawa Takako , Tokuda Hisanori , Kiryu Emiko , Yoshizaki Kaichi , Kawashima Hiroshi , Yamada Tetsuya , Arai Hiroyuki , Kang Jing X. , Katagiri Hideki , Shibata Hiroshi , Innis Sheila M. , Arita Makoto , Osumi Noriko 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Omega-6 (n-6) and omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential nutrients. Although several studies have suggested that a balanced dietary n-6:n-3 ratio is essential for brain development, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism is poorly understood. Here, we found that feeding pregnant mice an n-6 excess/n-3 deficient diet, which reflects modern human diets, impairsed neocortical neurogenesis in the offspring. This impaired neurodevelopment occurs through a precocious fate transition of neural stem cells from the neurogenic to gliogenic lineage. A comprehensive mediator lipidomics screen revealed key mediators, epoxy metabolites, which were confirmed functionally using a neurosphere assay. Importantly, although the offspring were raised on a well-balanced n-6:n-3 diet, they exhibited increased anxiety-related behavior in adulthood. These findings provide compelling evidence that excess maternal consumption of n-6 PUFAs combined with insufficient intake of n-3 PUFAs causes abnormal brain development that can have long-lasting effects on the offspring's mental state.
Landmark‐based device calibration and region‐based modeling for RSS‐based localization
Authors: Manh Hung Nguyen , Huang Ching‐Chun , Hsiao‐Yi Lee 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDuring the past decades, many fingerprint‐based indoor positioning systems have been proposed and have achieved great success. However, uncontrolled effects of device diversity, signal noise, and dynamic obstacles could recognizably degrade the performance of modern fingerprint‐based indoor localization systems. In this paper, to amend the variations in radio signal strengths (RSSs) caused by device diversity, we proposed an automatic device calibration process. Because of device diversity, the sensed RSS would deviate from the trained radio map and thus leads to poor positioning. An RSS transform function could be adopted to calibrate the RSS variation between different devices and overcome the device diversity problem. However, to train the transform function, a data collection process is required. Unlike conventional calibration methods requiring manual data collection, we proposed a landmark‐based automatic collection process. Based on the detection of Wi‐Fi landmarks, our system could automatically collect pair‐wise RSS samples between devices and train the RSS transform function without extra human power. In addition, to well represent the effects of signal noise and dynamic obstacles, a region‐based RSS modeling method was also proposed. The proposed modeling method allows our system to perform region‐based target localization and utilize more robust region information for localization. Experiments in various environments demonstrate that our system could give a better positioning performance by properly handling the RSS variation caused by signal noise, dynamic environment, and device diversity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Communication of Psychiatric Risk in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Pilot Project
Authors: Hart Sarah J. , Schoch Kelly , Shashi Vandana , Callanan Nancy 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIndividuals with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) have an increased chance of developing a psychiatric disorder. While parents of children affected by 22q11.2DS typically receive counseling about risk for non‐psychiatric health concerns, genetic counselors may be reluctant to discuss psychiatric risk. Further education of genetic counselors may be necessary to encourage discussion of psychiatric risk with these families. The goal of this project was to develop recommendations for genetic counselors to provide psychiatric risk information to families affected by 22q11.2DS. The recommendations were developed by synthesizing resources in the literature about risk communication. These recommendations were refined following an online focus group meeting with five health care professionals who were recruited for participation from 22q11.2DS clinics across the U.S.A. The focus group data revealed three themes related to discussion of psychiatric risk: 1) Stepwise approach, 2) Discussing treatment options and reducing risks, and 3) Addressing stigma. These recommendations may be used as a foundation for a future clinical protocol to encourage discussion about the risk for psychiatric illness at an earlier point in the diagnostic process for 22q11.2DS and to provide improved information, support and resources to affected families.
Impact of Genetic Counseling and Testing on Altruistic Motivations to Test for BRCA1/2: a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Garg Rahul , Vogelgesang Joseph , Kelly Kimberly 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDespite the importance of altruism in an individual's participation in genetic counseling and testing, little research has explored the change in altruistic motivations to test over time. This study analyzed altruistic motivations to test and change in altruistic motivations after genetic counseling and testing among individuals (N = 120) at elevated risk for BRCA1/2 mutations. The perceived benefits of genetic testing were assessed and utilized in a mixed‐methods, repeated measures design at three time points: pre‐counseling, counseling and post‐genetic testing, along with transcripts of genetic counseling sessions. Qualitative analysis using an immersion/crystallization method resulted in six common perceived benefits of testing: cancer prevention, awareness, family's survival, relief from anxiety, for science, and future planning. Perceived benefits were then coded into three categories according to Hamilton's kin selection theory: altruistic motivation, personal motivation, and motivation for mutual benefit. At pre‐counseling, those with a personal cancer history (p = 0.003) and those with one or more children (p = 0.013), were significantly more likely to cite altruistic motivations to test. Altruistic motivations significantly increased post‐counseling (p = 0.01) but declined post‐testing (p < 0.001). Labov's narrative analysis further elucidated the context of altruistic and personal motivations. The possibility of a positive test result might have led those with personal history of cancer to have altruistic motivations for testing. Genetic counseling may have increased altruistic motivations to help family and may be a prime opportunity to discuss other forms of altruism.
Structural Control of Landslides in Eastern Kumaun Himalaya: Case study from Sukhidhang-Ladhiya Section
Authors: Prakash Chandra , Agarwal K. K. , Sharma V. K. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Landslides are the most common hazards which modify the surface morphology of the orogenic belts. Structural conditions and nature of slope forming material play a vital role in the development of surface morphology. The paper highlights the influence of structure on slope morphology and consequent instability pattern in Sukhidang-Ladhiya section in Eastern Kumaun Himalaya. Rocks of lesser Himalayan sequences, Siwalik Group and veneer of Quaternary deposits occur in the area. The area is punctuated by many landslides of various dimensions affecting all the lithological units present; however, study is based on three major landslides occurring along the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) and Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT) zone. Structural data shows that thrusts environment has manifested in crushing and shearing of rocks, which play an important role in landslide proneness along with the rainfall intensity. Evidences of active tectonics such as triangular facets (flatirons), tilting river terraces and active landslides zones have been noticed in the study area. Limited data on temporal details of landslide morphology (perimeter and area) from remote sensing and topographical sheets indicate that perimeters and area of active scars of landslides in the area are gradually expanding, probably associated with tectonic movements in proximal areas of thrusts.
Seismic Characterization of the Semutang Gas Field, Bengal Basin, Bangladesh
Authors: Afrin Tahera , Hossain Delwar , Imam Md. Hasan 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
The Semutang structure is an elongated NNW-SSE orientated anticline situated in the eastern Chittagong fold belt of the Bengal basin. The aim of the present study is to interpret the stratigraphy and structure of the Semutang area based on the analyses of a combination of geophysical well logs and 2-D seismic data set as well as the reservoir characterization using complex-trace attributes. The main seismic reflector (top of the upper gas sand) was picked, mapped and interpreted. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) deduced from complex-trace attributes analysis show the potentiality of the study area.
Integrating Core and Wireline Log Data to Evaluate Porosity of Jurassic Formations of Injra-1 and Nuryal-2 Wells, Western Potwar, Pakistan
Authors: Khalid Perveiz , Yasin Qamar , Sohail Gmd , Kashif Jam Muhammad 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Petrophysical properties of rocks can be better understood by core and well log analysis. Exact porosity estimation in the Potwar sub-basin of Pakistan is one of the main issues because of complex tectonic settings. Core and wireline log data of two wells: Injra–1 and Nuryal–2 drilled in the study area are used for the porosity evaluation in the Jurassic reservoirs. The log interpretation and laboratory analysis show that the Datta Formation of the early Jurassic is mainly sandstone with minor shaly beds. A workflow is developed to correlate the calculated porosity from logs with the measured porosity from core plug samples. The results show that log porosity and core porosity of Datta sandstone are comparable. Porosity in the younger formations is higher than in the older formations, which is an indication of presence of secondary porosity and structurally deformed fractures in sandstone. The Datta sandstone encountered in Nuryal–2 is about 20–30 % less porous than in Injra–1 well.
Effects of Soaking of Shales on Rock-Slope Instability and Failure in Southeastern Nigeria
Authors: Okoro Una Chuku , Ogbonnaya Igwe , Raymond Anekwe Ejikeme 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Landslide prevention and other civil engineering works on shales commonly fail after many cycles of soaking and alternate drying, typical of tropical climate. This work investigates the intrinsic changes in the geotechnical properties of shales collected at two different localities (Abakaliki and Nkporo) in southeastern Nigeria. Long soaking and subsequent drying were simulated using distilled water on the shales. Tests were first conducted on air dried crushed samples which served as the control. Then soaked crushed specimens in open cylinders with their bottom covered with mesh in separate water baths for varying periods of 24, 36 and 48 hours were evaluated at each interval after soaking. Specific gravity, plastic index, compaction characteristics, bearing capacity and unconfined compressive strength tests were conducted on the remoulded specimen. Results showed gradual reduction in specific gravity from 2.5 to 1.8 for Abakaliki shales and from 2.3 to 1.5 for Nkporo shales; unconfined compressive strength from 183 MPa to 120 MPa for Abakaliki shales, from 117 MPa to 85 MPa for Nkporo shales. Although, the net compaction showed reduction in value, maximum dry density (MDD) increased slightly. Plastic Index of the fines also increased from 13% to 18%, and 8% to 19% for Abakaliki and Nkporo shales respectively. Comparatively, the Abakaliki shales showed more resistance to soaking than the Nkporo shales. It is concluded that the engineering properties of shales decreases with long contact in water and subsequent drying.
New Report of Isocrinid Crinoid Chariocrinus from the Jurassic of Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India
Authors: Kalita Kalpana Deka 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
This paper documents new record of the Isocrinid crinoid Chariocrinus Hess, 1972, from Jaisalmer, Rajasthan, India. It is the first record of the genus in the Indian subcontinent. Abundant disassociated columnal ossicles of Chariocrinus Hess, 1972, are reported from the Kuldhar Member of the Jaisalmer Formation in western Rajasthan, thus representing expansion of its distribution in the westernmost part of the Indian subcontinent.
Distribution of Sediments and Organic Matter Source: Berijam Lake, Tamil Nadu
Authors: Vijayaraj R. , Achyuthan Hema 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
Berijam lake, Tamil Nadu, situated at an elevation of 2165 m above mean sea level is a fresh water, irregular linear basin with two major linear arms located in the Palani hills. Lake floor sediments were collected covering the entire aerial extent of this lake basin to understand the sediment pattern distribution and plausible source of organic carbon. Textural pattern, CaCO3, Organic matter, TOC, TN content and the C/N ratio of the lake floor sediment samples were analysed and the data generated exhibit a distinct pattern of sediment distribution and deposition. Grain size data indicate that the clay is associated with both sand and silt and the lake is dominantly composed of sandy clay and silty clay. CaCO3 content is low (2.70 to 0.80%) as there is no major source for CaCO3. OM, TOC and TN show positive correlation with silt. C/N ratio varies from (12.2 to 9.6) indicating dominantly algal organic matter. NNW, NNE and SSE region of the lake seems to have supported thick water column as high organic carbon, silt and clay content occur in these directions. C/N ratio indicates that the major source of organic matter is from the lake algae, aquatic weeds and plants.
Web Resources for Metagenomics Studies
Authors: Dudhagara Pravin , Bhavsar Sunil , Bhagat Chintan , Ghelani Anjana , Bhatt Shreyas , Patel Rajesh 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The development of next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms spawned an enormous volume of data. This explosion in data has unearthed new scalability challenges for existing bioinformatics tools. The analysis of metagenomic sequences using bioinformatics pipelines is complicated by the substantial complexity of these data. In this article, we review several commonly-used online tools for metagenomics data analysis with respect to their quality and detail of analysis using simulated metagenomics data. There are at least a dozen such software tools presently available in the public domain. Among them, MGRAST, IMG/M, and METAVIR are the most well-known tools according to the number of citations by peer-reviewed scientific media up to mid-2015. Here, we describe 12 online tools with respect to their web link, annotation pipelines, clustering methods, online user support, and availability of data storage. We have also done the rating for each tool to screen more potential and preferential tools and evaluated five best tools using synthetic metagenome. The article comprehensively deals with the contemporary problems and the prospects of metagenomics from a bioinformatics viewpoint.
Effects of preoperative at-home preparation on children's behavioral outcomes in Japan
Authors: Wakimizu Rie 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
The objective of the study is to determine the effects of at-home psychological preparation mainly on adjustment in the aspect of children's behavior in a randomized controlled trial as an exploratory and pragmatic clinical trial.

Methods:
The eligible patients were randomly assigned to either of two groups that both watched a preparation video once as outpatients in a group of other patients prior to hospitalization (“standard care”); the control group later underwent surgery without any further preparation; the experimental group watched the same video repeatedly in reference to an auxiliary booklet at home with their caregivers prior to hospitalization.

Results:
No beneficial impact of at-home preparation program was determined on the children's behavioral outcomes. However, children in the experimental group showed no higher upset in OR and no more negative behavioral changes after discharge than the controls. Over 90% of the caregivers in the experimental group expressed satisfaction with at-home preparation.

Discussion:
These results suggested that at-home preparation program has no impact on the patients but resulted in high satisfaction from the caregivers in the experimental group.

Conclusion:
At-home preparation program using video and booklet had no beneficial impact on the behavioral outcomes of children undergoing minor surgery. However, it can be highly a desired program to prepare small children and their caregivers for surgical hospitalization.

Highlights:
How to Establish an Effective Midline Program: A Case Study of 2 Hospitals
Authors: Moureau Nancy , Sigl Gordon , Hill Margaret 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Introduction: Establishing an effective midline program involves more than simply learning an insertion technique for a new product. Midline catheters provide a reliable vascular access option for those patients with difficult venous access who would otherwise require multiple venipunctures or the use of higher-risk central lines to maintain access. An effective midline program establishes a protocol for device selection and includes standing orders to facilitate speed to placement.
Methods: Our retrospective descriptive review evaluated the successful integration of midline programs into existing vascular access bedside insertion programs in 2 acute care hospitals. The investigator reviewed a convenience sample of hospital patients. Participants in the study included vascular access team managers and team members from the sample sites.
Results: The results of this 2-hospital study demonstrate successful integration of a midline program into a bedside insertion program with 0 midline-related infections since initiation. Documentation of overall central line-associated bloodstream infection rates for hospital 1 changed from 1.7/1000 catheter-days to 0.2/1000 catheter-days, reflecting a 78% reduction in infections and a projected cost avoidance of $531,570 annually. Both hospitals demonstrated reduced rates of infection following implementation of a midline program.
Conclusions: Midlines have a history of lower risk for both infection and thrombosis compared with central venous devices. Although more research is needed on the more recently developed midline catheters, available evidence suggests that midlines provide a safe and reliable form of vascular access, reducing costs and the risk of infection associated with central venous catheters, especially those placed solely for patients with difficult venous access.
Predictive role of neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratios for diagnosis of acute appendicitis during pregnancy
Authors: Yazar Fatih Mehmet , Bakacak Murat , Emre Arif , Urfalıoglu Aykut , Serin Salih , Cengiz Emrah , Bülbüloglu Ertan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAcute appendicitis (AA) is not uncommon during pregnancy but can be difficult to diagnose. This study evaluated the neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet‐to‐lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in addition to conventional diagnostic indicators of the disease to diagnose AA during pregnancy. Age, gestational age, white blood cell (WBC) count, Alvarado scores, C‐reactive protein (CRP), lymphocyte count, NLR and PLR were compared among 28 pregnant women who underwent surgery for AA, 35 pregnant women wrongly suspected as having AA, 29 healthy pregnant women, and 30 nonpregnant healthy women. Mean WBC counts and CRP levels were higher in women with proven AA than in those of control groups (all p < 0.05). Among all the groups, the median NLR and PLR were significantly different in women with proven AA (all p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis was used to determine cut‐off values for WBC count, CRP, lymphocyte count, NLR and PLR, and multiple logistic regression analysis showed that NLR and PLR used with routine methods could diagnose AA with 90.5% accuracy. Used in addition to routine diagnostic methods, NLR and PLR increased the accuracy of the diagnosis of AA in pregnant women.