bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Flexible Transparent Triboelectric Nanogenerators with Graphene and Indium Tin Oxide Electrode Structures
Authors: Zhou Jinhao , Chen Yuanfu , Song Xinbo , Zheng Binjie , Li Pingjian , Liu Jingbo , Qi Fei , Hao Xin , Zhang Wanli 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTriboelectric generators, which can directly transform energy from our living environment into electricity, are self‐powered component for wearable devices. Flexible and transparent triboelectric generators (FTTGs) with high output power densities are urgently needed for wearable electronics. By introducing graphene (G) and indium tin oxide (ITO) as transparent electrodes and optimizing the electrode structure, a FTTG with polyimide (PI) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as friction layers and graphene (ITO) as top (bottom) electrode was obtained and it has a large output power density of 10.1 μW cm−2, which is over four times larger than previously reported FTTGs ca. 2 μW cm−2. Moreover, the output voltage of the graphene‐based FTTG is as large as 56 V, and it exhibits excellent cycling behavior. The effects of electrode structure on the performance of FTTG have been analyzed and corresponding mechanism has been discussed. Light‐emitting diodes (LED) can be easily powered by the FTTG, suggesting its potential application in harvesting electrical energy from human activities by using flexible and transparent devices.
Phototoxic target lipid model of single polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Authors: Marzooghi Solmaz , Finch Bryson E. , Stubblefield William A. , Dmitrenko Olga , Neal Sharon L. , Di Toro Dominic M. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

A phototoxic target lipid model (PTLM) is developed to predict phototoxicity of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) measured either as median lethal concentration (LC50) or median lethal time (LT50) for a 50% toxic response. The model is able to account for the differences in the physical/chemical properties of PAHs, test species sensitivities, and variations in light source characteristics, intensity, and length of exposure. The PTLM is based on the narcotic target lipid model (NTLM) of PAHs. Both models rely on the assumption that mortality occurs when the toxicant concentration in the target lipid of the organism reaches a threshold concentration. The PTLM is applied to observed LC50s and LT50s for 20 individual PAHs, 15 test species—including arthropods, fishes, amphibians, annelids, mollusks, and algae—exposed to simulated solar and various UV light sources, for exposure times varying from less than 1 h to 100 h, a total of 333 observations. The LC50 concentrations range from less than 0.1 µg/L to greater that 104 µg/L. The model has 2 fitting parameters that are constant and apply to all PAHs and organisms. The root mean square errors of prediction for log(LC50) and log(LT50) are 0.473 and 0.382, respectively. The results indicate that the PTLM can predict the phototoxicity of single PAHs over a wide range of exposure conditions and to organisms with a wide range of sensitivities. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:926–937. © 2016 SETAC
Efficient unified rare variant association test by modeling the population genetic distribution in case‐control studies
Authors: Li Huilin , Chen Jinbo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTRecent advancements in next‐generation DNA sequencing technologies have made it plausible to study the association of rare variants with complex diseases. Due to the low frequency, rare variants need to be aggregated in association tests to achieve adequate power with reasonable sample sizes. Hierarchical modeling/kernel machine methods have gained popularity among many available methods for testing a set of rare variants collectively. Here, we propose a new score statistic based on a hierarchical model by additionally modeling the distribution of rare variants under the case‐control study design. Results from extensive simulation studies show that the proposed method strikes a balance between robustness and power and outperforms several popular rare‐variant association tests. We demonstrate the performance of our method using the Dallas Heart Study.
Telomere length‐related gene ACYP2 polymorphism is associated with the risk of HAPE in Chinese Han population
Authors: He Yongjun , Zhang Xiyang , Li Xun , Du Jieli , He Xue , Zhang Zhiying , Zhang Yuan , Kang Longli , Jin Tianbo , Yuan Dongya 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundHigh altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a type of pneumonedema that mostly occurs under conditions such as high altitude, rapid ascent and hypoxia, amongst others. The ACYP2 polymorphism is suggested to be associated with mean telomere length, and telomere length is significantly longer at a moderate attitude than at sea‐level or at simulated high attitude. The present study aimed to determine whethher there is any association between ACYP2 polymorphism and the risk of HAPE.MethodsA total of 265 patients and 303 healthy controls were enrolled in our case‐control study. Six SNPs were selected and genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY method. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated by unconditional logistic regression with adjustment for gender and age.ResultsUsing chi‐squared tests, we found that the minor allele G of rs11896604 is significantly associated with a decreased risk of HAPE [odds ratio (OR) = 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.65–1.16, p = 0.048]. We also found that the ‘A/A’ genotype of rs12615793 is associated with a decreased risk of HAPE based on the recessive model (OR =0.28; 95% CI = 0.09–0.88; p = 0.017). Additionally, the ‘G/G’ genotype of rs11896604 was found to be associated with a decreased risk of HAPE based on the codominant model (OR =0.26; 95% CI = 0.08–0.79; p = 0.025) and recessive model (OR =0.25; 95% CI = 0.08–0.77; p = 0.007). However, only rs11896604 remained significant after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0083).ConclusionsThe present study found that the ACYP2 gene polymorphism significantly decreased the risk of HAPE. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Genetic variation of MMP‐2(‐735 C>T) and MMP‐9(‐1562 C>T) gene in risk of development of HAND and severity of HAND
Authors: Singh HariOm , Marathe Shruti D. , Nema Vijay , Ghate Manisha V. , Gangakhedkar Raman R. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundAstrocytes are susceptible to HIV‐1 infection. Neurocognitive dysfunction has also been associated with the toxicity of certain antiretroviral drugs. HIV‐1 induced neurological toxicity has been associated with deficiency of matrix metalloproteinases. Therefore, we evaluated the association of MMP‐2(−735C > T) and MMP‐9(−1562C > T) polymorphisms with respect to the susceptibility of developing HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and its severity.MethodsWe enrolled 50 HIV‐infected individuals with HAND, 130 without HAND and 150 unrelated healthy controls. Polymorphism for MMP‐2‐735C > T and MMP‐9‐1562C > T genes was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism.ResultsIndividuals with the MMP‐2 ‐735 CT genotype and ‐735 T allele were at higher risk of developing HAND [odds ratio (OR) = 5.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.30–21.35, p = 0.02 and OR = 2.27, 95% CI = 1.57–3.27, p = 0.0001 respectively]. The MMP‐2 ‐735 CT genotype and −735 T allele of MMP‐2 were associated with a reduced likelihood of severe HAND (OR =0.32, 95% CI = 0.15–0.66, p = 0.002 and OR = 0.32, 95% CI = 0.14–0.71, p = 0.005). When evaluating gene–gene interaction models, the combined genotype MMP‐2‐735TT + MMP‐9‐1562CC and MMP‐2‐735CT + MMP‐9‐1562CT was associated with the risk of developing HAND (OR = 4.84, p = 0.0001, OR = 1.81, p = 0.03). However, individuals with the combined genotype of MMP‐2‐735TT + MMP‐9‐1562CC were found to be protective for severe HAND (OR = 0.30, 95% CI = 0.13–0.67, p = 0.003).ConclusionsIndividuals with the MMP‐2 ‐735CT genotype, −735 T allele and combined genotype MMP‐2 ‐735TT + MMP‐9 ‐1562CC had an enhanced risk of developing HAND. Those with the MMP‐2 ‐735 CT genotype, −735 T allele and combined genotype of MMP‐2‐735TT + MMP‐9‐1562CC were suggested to have protection from developing severe HAND.
Police officers' use of evidence to elicit admissions in a fictitious criminal case
Authors: Tekin Serra , Granhag Pär Anders , Strömwall Leif A. , Vrij Aldert 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe examined how police officers planned to interview suspects in a situation where they lacked information about a critical phase of a crime (i.e., the time during which the crime took place) but possessed information about less critical phases of the crime (i.e., the time before and/or after the crime took place). The main focus was the officers' planned use of the available information (evidence) to elicit admissions about the critical phase. A survey was distributed to police officers (n = 69) containing a fictitious murder case for which they were to prepare an interview with a suspect. The investigators planned to disclose the evidence more often in a strategic manner (obtaining the suspect's statement and exhausting alternative scenarios before revealing the evidence) than in a non‐strategic manner (revealing the evidence before requiring an explanation). The investigators' most frequently reported reason for their planned evidence use was to collect additional information about the particular phase to which the disclosed evidence pertained. It was rare that the investigators planned to disclose the evidence about a less critical phase of the crime in order to elicit admissions about the more critical phase (e.g., by disclosing the evidence to try to shift the suspect's counter‐interrogation strategy from less to more forthcoming). The investigators may benefit from recent research showing that strategic evidence disclosure can be used as a means to elicit admissions about a phase of a crime for which information is lacking.
Exploring the activation dimension of affect in organizations: A focus on trait‐level activation, climate‐level activation, and work‐related outcomes
Authors: Ozcelik Hakan 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis study explores the activation dimension of affect in organizations by focusing on both individual employees and their work climate. Drawing on affect research and demands‐abilities fit perspective, I have developed a model predicting that climate‐level activation would deplete employees' emotional resources and trait‐level action would function as an inner resource helping employees buffer themselves from their work demands. The results of a cross‐level study, conducted in a sample of 257 employees and their supervisors within 40 work units across 11 organizations, supported all but one of the hypotheses. Employees whose trait‐level activation was lower than the activation level of their work climate experienced higher levels of emotional exhaustion and thus were more likely to disengage from their work in forms of increased surface acting with their coworkers and psychological withdrawal, and reduced affective commitment to and intention to remain in their organization. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Influences of surface air temperature and atmospheric circulation on winter snow cover variability over Europe
Authors: Ye Kunhui , Lau Ngar‐Cheung 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe relationships between snow cover (SC) variability in Europe, the local surface air temperature (SAT), and the associated atmospheric circulation changes are studied. This investigation indicates that the European winter SC is closely correlated with SAT. Higher (lower) SC is coincident with strong and large‐scale surface cooling (warming). Similar but weaker temperature signals are observed in the middle and upper troposphere. Periods of enhanced (reduced) SC are characterized by surface heat loss (gain), partly due to dampened (enhanced) sensible heat fluxes towards the ground surface, which is in turn related to the lower (higher) SAT. Higher (lower) SC is also accompanied by reduced (enhanced) downward longwave irradiance. Consistent with previous studies, our analysis demonstrates that variations in the atmospheric circulation in the North Atlantic/European sector, including those associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation, are accompanied by changes in horizontal heat advection and SC over Europe. The circulation changes modulate the water vapour transport towards the European continent, and thereby influence the available water vapour there and lead to fluctuations in downward longwave irradiance and cloud cover. The wind anomalies associated with these variations also drive surface heat flux changes in the North Atlantic, which in turn lead to well‐defined sea surface temperature (SST) tendencies. The above characteristic patterns exhibit notable variability in different calendar months of the winter season. The monthly averaged circulation anomalies are evidently related to changes in the tracks of atmospheric disturbances with synoptic time scales. Overall, there is no strong evidence supporting a principal role for the North Atlantic SST or the El Niño Southern Oscillation in driving inter‐annual SC variability over Europe.
Implications of trauma and subsequent articulation on the release of Proteoglycan‐4 and tissue response in adult human ankle cartilage
Authors: Shekhawat Vivek K. , Schmid Thomas M. , Pennekamp Peter H. , Pacione Carol A. , Chubinskaya Susan , Wimmer Markus A. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of trauma and subsequent articulation on adult human ankle cartilage subjected to an injurious impact. Trauma was initiated through impaction on talar cartilage explants. Articulation and loading were applied in a joint bioreactor over 5 consecutive days. The early (24 h) effects of impaction included a reduced chondrocytes viability (51% vs. 81% for non‐impacted; p = 0.03), increased levels of apoptosis (43% vs. 27%; p = 0.03), and an increase in the histopathology score (4.4 vs. 1.7; p = 0.02) as compared to non‐impacted cartilage explants. One of the key findings was that damage also stimulated the PRG4 release (2.2 vs. 1.5 μg/ml). Subsequent articulation for 5 days did not lead to further changes in tissue histopathology and cell viability, neither for injured nor non‐injured samples. However, articulation led to an increased apoptosis in the injured samples (p = 0.03 for the interaction term). Articulation also caused a significant increase of PG/GAG release into the culture medium (p = 0.04) for both injured and non‐injured samples; however, the synthesis of PG was not affected by articulation (p = 0.45) though the PG synthesis was higher in injured samples (p < 0.01). With regard to the PRG4 release, impacted samples continued to show higher amounts (p = 0.01), adding articulation led to a reduction (p = 0.02). The current study demonstrated that adult human talar cartilage increases both the PRG4 release and biosynthetic activity as an immediate cellular response to injury. Articulation played a less contributing role to biosynthesis and remodeling, behaving mostly neutral, in that no further damage emerged. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:667–676, 2017.
Tensor logarithmic norm and its applications
Authors: Ding Weiyang , Hou Zongyuan , Wei Yimin 
Published: August 2016

SummaryMatrix logarithmic norm is an important quantity, which characterize the stability of linear dynamical systems. We propose the logarithmic norms for tensors and tensor pairs, and extend some classical results from the matrix case. Moreover, the explicit forms of several tensor logarithmic norms and semi‐norms are also derived. Employing the tensor logarithmic norms, we bound the real parts of all the eigenvalues of a complex tensor and study the stability of a class of nonlinear dynamical systems. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimating pediatric asthma prevalence in rural senegal: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Hooper Laura G. , Dieye Yakou , Ndiaye Assane , Diallo Aldiouma , Fan Vincent S. , Neuzil Kathleen M. , Ortiz Justin R. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryRationaleIn Senegal, the prevalence of childhood asthma and utilization of appropriate asthma therapies is unknown.MethodologyWe used the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) survey instrument to assess childhood respiratory health in rural Senegal. We interviewed the caregivers of children aged 5 through 8 years of age in the four largest Niakhar villages in August 2012.ResultsWe interviewed 1,103 primary caregivers for 1,513 children, representing 91% of all age‐eligible children in the study area. Overall, 206 (14%) children had wheeze at any time in the past, 130 (9%) had wheeze within the past year, and only 41 (3%) reported a clinical diagnosis of asthma. Among children with wheeze within the past year, 81 (62%) had symptoms of severe asthma. Nocturnal cough was reported in 186 (14%) children who denied any history of wheezing illness. Only four (3%) children with wheeze in the past year had ever received bronchodilator therapy. Children with wheeze in the past year were significantly more likely to seek medical care for respiratory symptoms and to be perceived as less healthy than their peers. Children of lower socioeconomic status were significantly more likely to have wheeze.ConclusionsNearly one in ten children in Niakhar, Senegal had symptoms suggestive of asthma; however, few children have a diagnosis of asthma or use appropriate therapies. This study highlights an opportunity to raise community awareness of asthma in rural Senegal and to increase access to appropriate medical therapies. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2017;52:303–309. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Compressive Behavior of Idealized Granules for the Simulation of Composition C‐4
Authors: Sweat Melissa L. , Parker Andrew S. , Beaudoin Stephen P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIn the most common approach to detect trace explosives at security checkpoints, any illicit residues must first be removed from the surface of interest (contact sampling) before they are delivered to a detector, such as an ion mobility spectrometer. Contact sampling involves applying a compressive shearing load to dislodge the residue from a surface. Optimizing this step requires an understanding of the properties of the residues and their effect on residue behavior. This study seeks to evaluate the previously unstudied effect of the binder mechanical properties and particle size distributions on the behavior of Composition C‐4. Composition C‐4 demonstrates complex granular behavior, and contains a highly viscous, non‐Newtonian binder. In addition to studies of real C‐4, simulated C‐4 was created with mechanical properties very similar to the real composite. The results with the live and simulated C‐4 indicate that – while highly important – the binder is not the only driving parameter controlling granule deformation under load; to create an effective simulant the binder must be combined with particles of an appropriate bimodal particle size distribution.
On‐Line Auto Mass Measurement of Residual Solvent Mass and its Influence on Mechanical Properties of Propellants
Authors: Chen Mei , Zhang Yuanbo , Dong Chaoyang , Xiao Zhenggang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn on‐line auto mass measurement approach was applied to study the volatilization of residual solvents during the drying process of a single‐based propellant, a double‐based propellant containing triethyleneglycol dinitrate (TEGDN propellant, denoted as TEGDN‐1) and a TEGDN propellant containing RDX (denoted as TEGDN‐2). Drying experiments were conducted at a temperature of 50 °C, steady humidity, and atmospheric pressure. According to the drying rate curves obtained by the on‐line auto mass measurement approach, it took 44 h, 31 h and 38 h, respectively, for the residual solvent contents of the three kinds of propellants to come to an equilibrium point, which is approximately below 1 %. The mechanical properties of propellant strands with different residual solvent contents were tested by a universal testing machine and dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA). The results indicate that the mechanical properties of the single‐based propellant, TEGDN‐1 and TEGDN‐2 are influenced by the residual solvent content. The propellant strands are sufficiently plastic and elastic to be cut without being deformed at a broad range of temperature when they are dried to residual solvent contents of 5.8–3.6 %, 9–5.7 %, and 9.7–6.2 %, respectively. In the drying experiment, the on‐line auto measurement approach of the residual solvent mass of propellant strands is a highly promising method in view of its improvement in the cutting efficiency of propellant strands.
Promising CL‐20‐Based Energetic Material by Cocrystallization
Authors: Anderson Stephen R. , Dubé Pascal , Krawiec Mariusz , Salan Jerry S. , Ende David J. am , Samuels Philip 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel cocrystal (NEX‐1) of CL‐20 and MDNT is presented herein. The CL‐20: MDNT cocrystal, obtained in high yield by resonant acoustic mixing, shows new properties versus the discrete components. This is the first example of cocrystallization of CL‐20 where the new material is less sensitive to friction than CL‐20 itself, while demonstrating similar impact and ESD sensitivity. The CL‐20: MDNT cocrystal shows promise in the production of new energetic materials of interest by the cocrystallization of well‐characterized components.
Expression and Role of PAICS, a De Novo Purine Biosynthetic Gene in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Chakravarthi Balabhadrapatruni V. S. K. , Goswami Moloy T. , Pathi Satya S. , Dodson Matthew , Chandrashekar Darshan S. , Agarwal Sumit , Nepal Saroj , Hodigere Balasubramanya Sai Akshaya , Siddiqui Javed , Lonigro Robert J. , Chinnaiyan Arul M. , Kunju Lakshmi P. , Palanisamy Nallasivam , Varambally Sooryanarayana 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDOur goal was to investigate de novo purine biosynthetic gene PAICS expression and evaluate its role in prostate cancer progression.METHODSNext‐generation sequencing, qRTPCR and immunoblot analysis revealed an elevated expression of a de novo purine biosynthetic gene, Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole Carboxylase, Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole Succinocarboxamide Synthetase (PAICS) in a progressive manner in prostate cancer. Functional analyses were performed using prostate cancer cell lines‐ DU145, PC3, LnCaP, and VCaP. The oncogenic properties of PAICS were studied both by transient and stable knockdown strategies, in vivo chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and murine xenograft models. Effect of BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ1 on the expression level of PAICS was also studied.RESULTSMolecular staging of prostate cancer is important factor in effective diagnosis, prognosis and therapy. In this study, we identified a de novo purine biosynthetic gene; PAICS is overexpressed in PCa and its expression correlated with disease aggressiveness. Through several in vitro and in vivo functional studies, we show that PAICS is necessary for proliferation and invasion in prostate cancer cells. We identified JQ1, a BET bromodomain inhibitor previously implicated in regulating MYC expression and demonstrated role in prostate cancer, abrogates PAICS expression in several prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, we observe loss of MYC occupancy on PAICS promoter in presence of JQ1.CONCLUSIONSHere, we report that evaluation of PAICS in prostate cancer progression and its role in prostate cancer cell proliferation and invasion and suggest it as a valid therapeutic target. We suggest JQ1, a BET‐domain inhibitor, as possible therapeutic option in targeting PAICS in prostate cancer. Prostate 77:10–21, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.