bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Notes sur le modèle occidental de l’argumentation au prisme de l’argumentation chinoise
Authors: Plantin Christian 
Published: October 2024

Cet article reprend une interrogation sur le modèle occidental « confrontationnel » de l’argumentation, discours / contre-discours, et sur une alternative possible au modèle toulminien, au prisme de réflexions s’inspirant de l’argumentation chinoise. Il s’appuie sur un choix d’extraits de textes classiques chinois traduits. Les passages exploités vont de Confucius (6e siècle AEC) au 1er siècle AEC. Les conditions du travail sur des traductions sont précisées à propos de l’analogie. Une argumentation fondée sur un jeu de mots homonymes (et considérée comme invalide par le traducteur) relève du vaste domaine des argumentations reposant purement sur des manœuvres langagières. On trouve également de nombreux cas illustrant le rôle fondamental de la contradiction et de la réfutation ad hominem, sources possibles d’une situation argumentative. La tradition occidentale a produit de nombreux systèmes de « règles pour une controverse honorable » ; nous avons rencontré un ensemble de règles sur une question proche, mais différente : les précautions à prendre lors du choix d’un partenaire de discussion. Le § 4 est consacré à ce qui semble être une caractéristique générale de la période envisagée (Graham 1989), qui produit des argumentations sophistiquées, sans les référer à une théorie de l’argumentation, mais à la notion de rituel. En fin de parcours, il est apparu que le style analytique occidental est robuste et permet de rendre compte de faits constants dans d’autres cultures. Peut-être les différences sont-elles à chercher ailleurs et autrement ?
The EU ETS and the European Green Deal – the Struggle for Compromise
Authors: Bryk-Zwolska Małgorzata 
Published: October 2024

The European Union’s (EU) greenhouse gas emissions trading scheme (ETS) is the ‘cornerstone’ and ‘key tool’ of EU climate policy, according to the European Commission (https://climate.ec.europa.eu/policies/ets_en). At the end of 2020, the European Council agreed with the European Commission’s plan to increase the EU’s reduction target from 40 to 55 per cent, and emissions trading is expected to lower the contracting associated with meeting this reduction target. This article points to the dynamic nature of carbon markets and their ever-evolving legal nature, analysing how the original EU ETS Directive – Directive 2003/87 – has been revised over the years. The original EU ETS Directive is short, and it is worth considering the reason for this. The author demonstrates the implementation problems faced by this instrument through years of existence. The EU ETS encounters three key regulatory trade-offs, i.e.: climate ambition vs. international competitiveness; structural reform vs. cost-effectiveness; maintaining legislative simplicity vs. achieving multiple objectives. Therefore, in the closing part of the text, the author will reflect on the future (r)evolution of the carbon regime envisaged in the European Green Deal.
Perceptions of the MDT towards the health needs and support for grandparents caring for AIDS orphans
Authors: Akimanimpaye Furaha , Bimerew Million S. , Owoeye Isaiah D. , Phetlhu Deliwe R. 
Published: October 2024

Background: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) crisis has orphaned many children, shifting care giving duties to grandparents. This has challenged the health of the grandparents, underscoring the need for support in caring for both the grandparents and the children orphaned due to AIDS.Aim: This study investigated the multidisciplinary team’s (MDT) perceptions of health needs and support for grandparents caring for children orphaned due to AIDS.Setting: The study took place within Metropolitan area in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was used to assess health needs and support for grandparents caring for children orphaned due of AIDS. A sample of 65 MDT members comprising professional nurses, psychologists and social workers participated in the study.Results: The assessment revealed moderate awareness (mean 2.79) among MDT regarding the health needs of grandparents caring for the orphans. Key concerns were a lack of income (mean = 4.9) and no access to health services (mean = 4.8), with low awareness and involvement in organisational support (mean = 1.8).Conclusion: Despite an awareness of the health needs and support perceptions among grandparents, there remains a significant gap in the availability of support structures to address these needs. The study highlights the critical necessity for developing robust support systems to enhance the well-being of grandparents, especially those caring for AIDS orphans, ensuring they receive the comprehensive care and assistance required.Contribution: The study’s findings provide key insights for supporting grandparents who are caring for AIDS orphans via a MDT approach.
Tao is hidden and nameless: Exploring the mysticism path of Laozi and Zhuangzi
Authors: Sun Yue , Chen Yuehua 
Published: October 2024

The contemporary interpretation of Lao-Zhuang’s thought reveals a multidimensional dialogue between tradition and modernity, the local and the exotic, and East and West. The interaction between Lao-Zhuang’s thoughts and Western religious philosophy can be explored through the lens of mysticism. By examining the non-material nature of the Tao, the transcendence of language, and the cultivation goal of the unity of nature and humanity, we can discern the relationship between the cultivation practices in Lao-Zhuang’s thought and religious mysticism. The chaos, uncertainty, infinity and nothingness associated with the non-physical Tao present a subtle and mysterious depiction of nature. The silence of the perfect man, who sees things in terms of the Tao, along with their conversion to the Tao, steadfastness to the Tao, flexibility in treating things according to the Tao and freedom to be one with the Tao, provides an ethical realm of inner cultivation. Through the dialogue between Lao-Zhuang’s philosophy and Western religion, we can uncover the commonalities and differences between Chinese and Western cultures, as well as the significant value of Lao-Zhuang’s thought in contemporary cultural and philosophical discussions.Contribution: This article examines the relationship between cultivation practice in Lao-Zhuang’s thought and religious mysticism from the perspective of cross-cultural research. By discussing the immateriality and infinity of ‘Tao,’ as well as the relationship between Tao and name, speech and debate, it presents the mystery of Tao. Through the non-cognitive practice mode of real people, they experience ‘Tao’ and achieve the realm of ‘Harmony between nature and man,’ demonstrating the mystery of cultivation efforts.
The moral determinants of health in South Africa: Diversity and inclusion in medicine
Authors: Kubheka-Chauke Brenda Z. 
Published: October 2024

Background: Diversity, inclusion, equity and access (DIEA) are fundamental principles deeply intertwined with South Africa’s historical narrative. Despite strides towards equality, the medical profession remains susceptible to challenges related to DIEA like the rest of society. Issues such as racial and gender bias, alongside covert discriminatory practices, persist within medical institutions. These concerns underscore the imperative for the medical community to prioritise diversity, inclusion and equitable access to opportunities throughout training and professional practice.Aim: This review aims to assess the current status of DIEA in South Africa, identify research and practice gaps and position South Africa within the global discourse on DIEA in medicine.Setting: Worldwide literature review was conducted to set a foundation for the analysis of the SA medical profession.Methods: A review of global literature was conducted to explore themes related to diversity, inclusion, access and equity in medicine.Results: Existing literature lacks sufficient focus on DIEA in the South African context, but highlights more United States-based discourse. There are limited empirical studies exploring systemic DIEA practices and its impact on access to opportunities and how it affects the well-being of underrepresented groups in medicine. These findings underscore the critical need for inclusive practices to drive both individuals and institutions to create a safe and just culture in medicine.Conclusion: Prioritising implementation and monitoring of inclusive policies and practices within the medical profession is imperative and should aim beyond numerical representation. Progress will be achieved through collaboration with bioethicists.Contribution: Providing insights and recommendations to advance DIEA in the South African field of medicine contributes to creating a more equitable and just medical profession
La limitación de los efectos en el tiempo de sentencias
Authors: Huelin Martínez de Velasco Joaquín , Castelló Jordà Vanessa 
Published: October 2024

La limitación por el Tribunal Constitucional de los efectos en el tiempo de sus sentencias declaratorias de inconstitucionalidad de normas tributarias y los términos en los que lo hace (vid. las SSTC 182/2021, 133/2022 y 11/2024), ha dado lugar a un debate jurídico en el que cabe preguntarse por el ajuste con nuestro sistema constitucional de esa limitación. Su jurisprudencia al respecto carece de pautas claras y previsibles, resultando difícil decantar líneas doctrinales coherentes en la decisión de limitar o no los efectos de un pronunciamiento de inconstitucionalidad. En contraste, el Tribunal de Justicia de la Unión Europea cuenta al respecto con un sólido y coherente cuerpo doctrinal, en relación con las sentencias que declaran la oposición de normas nacionales al Derecho de la Unión. Sería deseable que el Tribunal Constitucional español se mirase en el espejo del Tribunal de Justicia.
Desajustes en la utilización de la figura tributaria de la tasa por aprovechamiento especial del dominio público para gravar el reparto de comercio electrónico en Barcelona: A propósito de las sentencias del Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña
Authors: Verdesoto Gómez Marta 
Published: October 2024

El presente comentario tiene por objeto analizar la nulidad de la ordenanza reguladora de la tasa «Amazon» establecida en la ciudad de Barcelona en 2023, que pretendía someter a gravamen el aprovechamiento especial del dominio público que realizan los operadores postales al entregar en destinos finales productos adquiridos por comercio electrónico, y que ha sido declarada nula por el Tribunal Superior de Justicia de Cataluña antes de que efectivamente comenzara a aplicarse.
Association between gastroesophageal reflux disease and metabolic syndrome: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: He Tao , Geng Xiaoling , Lin Xue , Li Yufei , Duan Zhijun 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) may be influenced by metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, but the causal relationships remain unclear. This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the potential causal effects of MetS and its components on GERD risk.MethodsGenome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data were utilized to assess the causal effects of MetS and its components on GERD risk using univariable (UVMR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method served as the primary analytical approach.ResultsUVMR analysis revealed significant associations between GERD risk and genetically predicted MetS and its components. Notably, MVMR analysis identified hypertension (OR (95% CI): 5.087 (3.109–8.324); p = 9.51E–11) and body mass index (BMI) [OR (95% CI): 2.103 (1.752–2.525); p = 1.60E–15) as key factors associated with GERD development.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence of a genetically determined causal relationship between MetS, including its components, and the risk of developing GERD. These findings suggest potential targets for early intervention to reduce GERD risk.
Cumhuriyetin İlk Yıllarında Türkiye’de Nüfusu Artırmaya Yönelik Uygulamalar
Authors: ÖZDEMİR TİRYAKİ Nuray 
Published: October 2024

Cumhuriyetin ilanından sonra devletin öncelikli işlerinden biri savaş
yıllarında azalan nüfusun hızlı bir şekilde artmasını sağlayacak nüfus
politikası izlemek olmuştur. Nüfusu artırmaya yönelik ilk uygulama her
erkek vatandaştan eşit oranda para ya da yol yapımında bedenen çalışma
şeklinde alınan yol vergisinde 1925 yılında altı çocuğu olanlara muafiyet
tanınmasıdır. Vergiden tek kurtuluş yolu haline gelen uygulamanın başarılı
sonuç vermesi üzerine 1929 yılında çocuk sayısı beşe indirilmiştir. Beşinci
çocukların nüfus kaydı işlemleri günü gününe yaptırılırken aile arasında da
yol çocuğu olarak geçmiştir. Nüfusu arttırmak için sağlık alanında da
önlemler alınmıştır. 1930 tarihli Umumi Hıfzıssıhha Kanunu’nun kabulü ile
ulusal sağlık sorunları çözülerek çocuk ölümlerinin önüne geçilmeye
çalışılmıştır. Nüfus artışını özendirmek için altı veya üzeri çocuğu olan
kadınlara isteğe bağlı olarak nakdi mükafat ya da madalya verilmesi
benimsenmiştir. Nüfus artırma girişimlerinden biri de 1929, 1932, 1940 ve
1944 yıllarında bekarlık vergisi için TBMM’ye sunulan teklifler olmuştur.
Çok çocuklu fakir ailelere yardım amacıyla alınacak bu vergi ile bekarları
evlenmeye teşvik etmek amaçlanmıştır. Meclis’te kabul görmese de dolaylı
da olsa 1944yılında Gelir Vergisi Kanunu’nda yapılan düzenlemeyle
bekarlık zammı adıyla yasalaşmıştır. Türkiye’de 1960’lı yıllara kadar nüfus
politikası, nüfusu artırma ekseninde şekillenmiştir. Bu süreçte kol gücünden
makineye geçişin sağlanması, kentleşme ve sanayileşmeyle Türkiye’nin
izlediği nüfus politikasında da değişim yaşanmıştır. Aile planlamasına
gidilerek nüfus artışı kontrol altına alınmaya çalışılmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında nüfus politikaları
çerçevesinde nüfusu artırmaya yönelik uygulamalar ele alınmıştır. Nüfusu
artırmaya yönelik uygulamaların demografik yapıya ve sosyo-ekonomik
hayata etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmada kaynak olarak, arşiv
belgelerine, süreli yayınlara ve tetkik eserlere başvurulmuştur.
ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЕ ДИАГНОСТИРОВАНИЕ ПОДШИПНИКОВЫХ УЗЛОВ КАРДАННОГО ВАЛА НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТЕРМОДИАГНОСТИКИ
Authors: Е.П. Тимашов , А.Г. Пастухов 
Published: October 2024

Получены результаты комплексного исследования температурных режимов подшипниковых узлов шарниров карданного вала при номинальных нагрузках. На основе экспериментальных исследований и моделирования температурных полей разработана научно-методическая основа для практического обеспечения автоматической термодиагностики подвижных подшипниковых узлов при бесконтактном измерении их температуры в движении.
Results of complex study of temperature modes of bearing units of driveshaft joints at rated loads are obtained. Based on experimental studies and modeling of temperature fields, a scientific and methodological basis has been developed for the practical provision of automatic thermal diagnostics of movable bearing units with non-contact measurement of their temperature in motion.
ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ СКОРОСТИ РОСТА ТРЕЩИН ПУТЕМ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ МОДЕЛИ РОСТА ТРЕЩИНЫ К ПОСЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬНОСТЯМ ЭКСТРЕМУМОВ, МОДЕЛИРУЕМЫМ ПО МАТРИЦАМ МАРКОВА
Authors: И.В. Гадолина 
Published: October 2024

Большой интерес представляет стадия распространения трещины в конструкции летательных аппаратов в условиях усталости. В статье рассматривается проблема разброса продолжительности роста усталостной трещины. При нерегулярной нагрузке вариации долговечности могут быть значительными. Для изучения выполнена имитация процессов нагрузки по методу адресных матриц Маркова и получено несколько реплик исходного процесса. Усталостная долговечность каждой реплики была рассчитана с использованием модели Вилленборга для скорости распространения трещин. В качестве основы для имитации была использована модель для случайных процессов – последовательность TWIST, широко применяемая в авиации для исследования вероятностного разброса долговечности, обусловленного неопределенностью информации о нагрузке в численном эксперименте.
Of great interest is the stage of crack propagation in aircraft structures under fatigue conditions. The article deals with the problem of scattering in the duration of fatigue crack growth. With irregular loading, variations in durability can be significant. For the study, load processes were simulated using the Markov address matrix method and several replicas of the original process were obtained. The fatigue life of each replica was calculated using the Willenborg model for crack propagation rate. As a basis for the simulation, a model for random processes was used – the TWIST sequence, widely used in aviation to study the probabilistic spread of durability due to the uncertainty of load information in a numerical experiment.
АНАЛИЗ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ОШИБКИ ПОЛОЖЕНИЯ, ПЕРЕМЕЩЕНИЯ ИДЕАЛЬНОГО И РЕАЛЬНОГО МЕХАНИЗМА ДЛЯ РОБОТОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ
Authors: Ф.Ф. Хабибуллин , Р.Т. Исламов , Л.Ф. Хабибуллина 
Published: October 2024

Рассмотрены наиболее часто применяемые при конструировании механизмов элементы кинематических пар. Представлены возможные первичные ошибки для точки, линии, плоскости, шаровой пары, поступательной пары, вращательной пары. Проведен расчет числа первичных ошибок шатуна с элементами двух вращательных пар. Проведены расчеты относительно кулачкового механизма. Представлены рекомендации по определению первичных ошибок в механизмах робототехнических систем.
The elements of kinematic pairs most often used in the design of mechanisms are considered. Possible primary errors for a point, line, plane, spherical pair, translational pair, and rotational pair are presented. The number of primary errors of a connecting rod with elements of two rotational pairs was calculated. Calculations were carried out regarding the cam mechanism. Recommendations are presented for identifying primary errors in the mechanisms of robotic systems.
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ЗЕМЛЯНЫХ РАБОТ ЭКСКАВАТОРОМ НА ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ СТОЯНКЕ (В ЗАБОЕ)
Authors: В.Н. Кабанов 
Published: October 2024

Нормативные требования к составлению рабочей документации не приводят методики оценки соответствия средств механизации требованиям проекта строительства. Цель работы: определить величину рабочего радиуса экскаватора, которая обеспечивает соответствие продолжительности технологического цикла, установленного проектом. Величина рабочего радиуса для экскаватора является основанием для проектирования забоя экскаватора. В качестве инструмента исследования применялась цифровая модель, которая описывает каждый технологический цикл экскаватора на одной технологической стоянке (в забое). Получены математические выражения для определения продолжительности каждого технологического цикла экскаватора при работе на одной технологической стоянке (в забое). Выявлено направление дальнейших исследований, которое связано с теоретическим обоснованием положения точки выгрузки ковша экскаватора.
. Regulatory requirements for the preparation of working documentation do not provide methods for assessing the compliance of mechanization equipment with the requirements of the construction project. Purpose of the work: to determine the value of the working radius of the excavator, which ensures compliance with the duration of the technological cycle established by the project. The size of the working radius for an excavator is the basis for designing the face of the excavator. A digital model was used as a research tool, which describes each technological cycle of an excavator at one technological station (at the face). Mathematical expressions were obtained to determine the duration of each technological cycle of an excavator when working at one technological station (at the face). A direction for further research has been identified, which is related to the theoretical justification of the position of the excavator bucket unloading point.
Эпиграфические памятники Притоболья: предварительные результаты комплексного исследования
Authors: Джумабекова Гульнара Саиновна , Дюсенов Багдат Даниярович , Таран Наталья Ивановна , Манапова Алия Мерекеевна , Базарбаева Галия Аппазовна 
Published: October 2024

В статье представлены результаты полевых исследований, проводившихся на территории Денисовского, Камыстинского, Житикаринского районов Костанайской области в рамках изучения вопросов освоения природно-экологической ниши населением в различные эпохи на примере анализа объектов историко-культурного наследия южной части Казахского Притоболья. Цель – выявить важность эпиграфических памятников, найденных в ходе полевых исследований, перевести арабописьменный текст на современный казахский язык, дополнить архивными документами обнаруженные в ходе исследования данные об исторических личностях. Основным материалом исследования являются надгробия династии Карпыка Жаманкарина, расположенные в Денисовском районе Костанайской области. В ходе работы над материалом использованы исторические, документальные, филологические, палеографические, текстологические, хронологические, этнолингвистические и сравнительные методы исследования, применяемые при изучении эпиграфических памятников. Всего изучено 11 каменных стел с надписями, происходящие с кладбища у аула Карпык (Денисовский р-н, Костанайская обл.). В статье проанализированы и вводятся в научный оборот эпитафии с трёх кулпытасов – камня, установленного на могиле Карпыка Жаманкарина, известного в региона бая* (*на каз. – зажиточный человек), занимавшегося торговлей на промежутке между Тоболом и Бухарией, а также надгробия двух его жён – Улпан Култыкызы и Момынай Актаскызы. Арабописьменные эпиграфические памятники Казахского Притоболья – ценный источник для изучения культуры населения Степи.
Алтай қазақтарының рулық таңбаларына шолу
Authors: Сейітханұлы Шынарбек , Самашев Самат Қайроллаұлы 
Published: October 2024

Көшпелі халықтар ерте заманнан бері таңба қолданғандығы туралы тарихи деректер көптеп кездеседі. Соның ішінде Түркі және Моңғол халықтары арасында ортақ мағынада қолданылып келген тамга, тамага, дамга сөздері нақты қай тілден шыққандығы белгісіз. «Таңба» туралы мәліметтер жазба деректер бойынша көне түркі тілінде tamγa немесе tamγačï түрінде ескерткіштердің жазба мәтіндерінде және парсыша, түрікше жазылған кейбір деректерде “belgü”, “tuγraγ (tuγra)”, “mühür”, “mör”, “tamγa”, “tavro”, “nişan” деген сөздер белгі, нышан мағынасында жазылған. «Тамга» ұғымы ерте заманнан бері тығыз қарым-қатынаста болған Түркі және Моңғол халықтары арасында әртүрлі немесе ұқсас қолданылған. Тарихи тұрғыдан алғанда, таңбаның қолданылуы әртүрлі даму кезеңдерінен өткені белгілі. Әсіресе, тас дәуірінің әртүрлі кезеңдерінде таңбалар мен белгілер нақты бір жерді, киелі мекендерді белгілеу және қару-жарақтар мен басқадай алуан түрлі заттарды меншіктеу мақсатында қолданылған. Алайда палеолит-неолит дәуірінде әлеуметтік ұйымдар айтарлықтай дамымаса да, таңбалар кеңінен қолданылды, бірақ оларды нақтылап анықтау үшін әлі де ғылыми зерттеулер қажет. Таңба қолдану дәстүрі өте ерте кезден басталғаны туралы мәліметтер археологиялық қазба жұмыстары нәтижесінде белгілі болуда. Осындай тарихи-археологиялық мәліметтерге сүйене отырып, көшпелі тайпалар арасында таңбалардың қолданысы қола дәуірінен, одан да ертерек басталған деген болжам жасауға болады. Дегенмен бүгінге дейін халықаралық зерттеулерде таңбаның қалыптасуы және қолданылу дәстүрі біршама зерттелсе де, көшпелі халықтардың арасындағы таңбаның қолданылуы және тарихы туралы жүргізілген зерттеулер әлі де жеткіліксіз. Біз мақаламызда «таңба» туралы қысқаша ғылыми мәлімет бере келе, қазақ ру-тайпаларының маңыздылығы және Алтай қазақтарының белгі, таңба жүйесі туралы деректердегі мағлұматтарды ұсындық.