bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NOD1 deficiency impairs CD44a/Lck as well as PI3K/Akt pathway
Authors: Hu Yi Wei , Wu Xiao Man , Ren Shi Si , Cao Lu , Nie Pin , Chang Ming Xian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are crucial for host defense and tissue homeostasis against infecting pathogens. PRRs are highly conserved cross species, suggesting their key roles in fundamental biological processes. Though much have been learned for NOD1 receptor in the innate and adaptive immune responses, the roles of NOD1 during embryonic and larval stages remain poorly understood. Here, we report that NOD1 is necessary for the modulation of PI3K-Akt pathway and larval survival in zebrafish. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the significantly enriched pathways in NOD1−/− zebrafish larvae were mainly involved in metabolism and immune system processes. Biochemical analysis demonstrated that NOD1 was required for the expression of CD44a that, in turn, activated the PI3K-Akt pathway during larval development. Conversely, over-expression of CD44a in NOD1-deficient zebrafish restored the modulation of the PI3K-Akt pathway and improved larval survival. Collectively, our work indicates that NOD1 plays a previously undetected protective role in larval survival through CD44a-mediated activation of the PI3K-Akt signaling.
Optogenetic neuronal stimulation of the lateral cerebellar nucleus promotes persistent functional recovery after stroke
Authors: Shah Aatman M. , Ishizaka Shunsuke , Cheng Michelle Y. , Wang Eric H. , Bautista Alex R. , Levy Sabrina , Smerin Daniel , Sun Guohua , Steinberg Gary K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractStroke induces network-wide changes in the brain, affecting the excitability in both nearby and remotely connected regions. Brain stimulation is a promising neurorestorative technique that has been shown to improve stroke recovery by altering neuronal activity of the target area. However, it is unclear whether the beneficial effect of stimulation is a result of neuronal or non-neuronal activation, as existing stimulation techniques nonspecifically activate/inhibit all cell types (neurons, glia, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes) in the stimulated area. Furthermore, which brain circuit is efficacious for brain stimulation is unknown. Here we use the optogenetics approach to selectively stimulate neurons in the lateral cerebellar nucleus (LCN), a deep cerebellar nucleus that sends major excitatory output to multiple motor and sensory areas in the forebrain. Repeated LCN stimulations resulted in a robust and persistent recovery on the rotating beam test, even after cessation of stimulations for 2 weeks. Furthermore, western blot analysis demonstrated that LCN stimulations significantly increased the axonal growth protein GAP43 in the ipsilesional somatosensory cortex. Our results demonstrate that pan-neuronal stimulations of the LCN is sufficient to promote robust and persistent recovery after stroke, and thus is a promising target for brain stimulation.
The Horizontal Neck Lift
Authors: Mittelman Harry , Schreiber Nathan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe horizontal neck lift is a procedure involving direct excision of a horizontally oriented ellipse of skin from the neck. This procedure was developed for neck rejuvenation in patients with significant horizontal creases and excess skin of the middle and lower neck, areas that often cannot be adequately addressed with traditional techniques. This article describes the procedure, indications, patient counseling, and postoperative care in detail from the senior author's (H. M.) experience.
Decision Making for Selection of Transarterial Locoregional Therapy of Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Mendoza-Elias Nasya , Morrison Joseph , Valeshabad Ali , Lipnik Andrew , Gaba Ron 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTransarterial locoregional therapies (LRTs) are indispensable components of the modern interventional oncologic therapy of liver-dominant metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). The scope of available LRTs and their nuanced differences mandates a thorough understanding of their relative applicability and effectiveness in certain clinical circumstances to prescribe appropriate, patient-specific, image-guided therapy. This article aims to provide an overview of transarterial LRT options for liver-dominant metastatic NETs and therapy selection by reviewing procedure types, their advantages and disadvantages, and comparative efficacy in common case scenarios.
Decision Making: Intra-arterial Therapies for Cholangiocarcinoma—TACE and TARE
Authors: Currie Brian , Soulen Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe incidence of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) has been increasing in recent years and now represents the second most common primary hepatic cancer in the United States. The prognosis is dismal without surgical resection. In patients ineligible to receive curative treatments, locoregional therapies represent a diverse array of techniques that can stabilize or reverse tumor progression to improve overall survival and reduce tumor-related symptoms. Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) and transarterial radioembolization (TARE) have been demonstrated to be efficacious methods for this patient population. Deciding between these two options is challenging. This article reviews the differences in patient selection, preprocedural evaluation, financial considerations and availability, quality of life, and rates of complications and overall survival.
Metastatic Liver Disease: Indications for Locoregional Therapy and Supporting Data
Authors: Shamimi-Noori Susan , Gonsalves Carin , Shaw Colette 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMetastatic liver disease is a major cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection is considered the only curative treatment, yet only a minority is eligible. Patients who present with unresectable disease are treated with systemic agents and/or locoregional therapies. The latter include thermal ablation and catheter-based transarterial interventions. Thermal ablation is reserved for those with limited tumor burden. It is used to downstage the disease to enable curative surgical resection, as an adjunct to surgery, or in select patients it is potentially curative. Transarterial therapies are indicated in those with more diffuse disease. The goals of care are to palliate symptoms and prolong survival. The indications and supporting data for thermal ablation and transarterial interventions are reviewed, technical and tumor factors that need to be considered prior to intervention are outlined, and finally several cases are presented.
Implant Alternatives for Tibial Osteotomies
Authors: Getgood Alan , Degen Ryan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTibial osteotomies have commonly been used to treat varus malalignment with associated medial compartment degeneration. Initially, lateral closing wedge osteotomies were commonly used. However, with the advent of improved plate osteosynthesis techniques, medial opening wedge osteotomies have become the mainstay of treatment. Presently, there are several available fixation devices, with no clear consensus on which represents the superior option. This article will serve to review the technological evolution of tibial osteotomy fixation devices, highlighting the comparative biomechanical evidence of available constructs.
“An authentic ghost story”: manipulating the gothic in Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Authors: Liu Faith 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPerhaps the most memorable—and almost certainly the most harrowing—portions of Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin occur during Tom’s time at the Legree plantation: a narrative plunge into the horrors of slavery in the Deep South, and a stylistic plunge into the realm of the Gothic. This study seeks to engage this section of Uncle Tom’s Cabin within the context of the Gothic genre, and, in so doing, reveal Stowe’s Gothic turn to be not, as some scholars have suggested, merely superficial appropriation, but rather a sophisticated manipulation of genre that culminates in a Christianization of the Gothic. By exploring Stowe’s use of Gothic figures and devices—the setting of the crumbling Louisiana plantation, the threefold Gothic female represented by Cassy, and the “haunting” of Legree—in the light of both European and American Gothic fiction, this study demonstrates how the trappings of the Gothic genre can be used to refresh and further Stowe’s progressive Christian narrative, one which ultimately refutes the Gothic by seeding it in a universe where peace, freedom, and Christian redemption are possible. This article is published as part of a collection on Gothic and horror.
Spatial language and cognition among the last Ixcatec-Spanish bilinguals (Mexico)
Authors: Adamou Evangelia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This paper discusses spatial language and bilingual cognition with evidence from the last four speakers of Ixcatec who have shifted to Spanish in their everyday life. Based on a free-speech corpus, Study 1 shows that the Ixcatec spatial expressions are mainly intrinsic and geocentric, similar to what is reported for other Mesoamerican languages. Study 2 investigates co-speech gesture in a localization task and reveals the predominance of the geocentric frame of reference (FoR) with a switch to the egocentric FoR triggered by the Spanish word ‘left’. Study 3 is a nonverbal experiment which shows that the egocentric, geocentric, and intrinsic frames of reference are all available. To conclude, although the use of Spanish has added new spatial conceptualizations, the native ones are not lost.
Naming businesses – in the context of bilingual Finnish cityscapes
Authors: Syrjälä Väinö 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Linguistic landscapes do not only function as a source for quantitative information about language use. They can also mediate information about power relations and identities in a society that constructs a specific linguistic place. Through a discussion of the commercial names that can be seen on the streets of bilingual Finnish towns, this study sheds light on how (or if) the bilingualism of the community is reflected in the naming of businesses. While all official signs (and names) use Finnish and Swedish in parallel, the commercial language use is more diverse. The names of businesses can be part of one or both (or neither) of the national languages. The analysis of the names of local businesses in two small-sized towns shows that in a town with Finnish majority, Finnish names dominate the scene. A Swedish majority is needed for both languages to be visible in the commercial sphere (i.e. for Swedish to gain status in commercial naming). Even English or universal names are popular, irrespective of the linguistic situation. Commercial names have a role in the construction of the linguistic place, but that place is not necessarily a bilingual Finland.
The perception of Somali place names among immigrant Somali youth in Helsinki
Authors: Ainiala Terhi , Halonen Mia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Immigrant Somali youth living in Helsinki are the focus of this article. The study investigates what kind of Somali place names Somali teenagers use in their home surroundings and what kind of perceptions and beliefs they have about these names and their use. The study also discusses Finnish people’s perceptions of these Somali names. Methodologically, the study belongs to the field of folk onomastics which can be defined as the study of people’s beliefs and perceptions about names and name use. The study demonstrates that Mogadishu, which started out as a racist name, has been appropriated by the Somalis themselves. The study also shows how a number of Somali words are used for certain places in Helsinki. Finally, the study discusses the methodological challenges that interviews are faced with in folk onomastic investigations.
An Assessment of the Geographic Closure Assumption in Mark–Recapture Abundance Estimates of Anadromous Steelhead Populations
Authors: Wathen Gus , Weber Nicholas , Bennett Stephen , Bouwes Nicolaas , Jordan Chris E. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Closed population models are commonly used to estimate stream salmonid abundances using mark–recapture information collected during electrofishing surveys. To meet the model assumption of geographic closure, block nets are often used to prevent emigration and immigration of fish during the survey. Increased sampling and tagging efforts in an open site may be an appealing trade-off given the time it takes to properly deploy block nets, but it also increases an abundance estimate's vulnerability to bias. We assessed the extent of geographic closure violation from emigration in open sites between mark and recapture passes utilizing PIT antennas as virtual block nets. This allowed us to quantify emigration rates of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss from 60 fish surveys across multiple seasons and watersheds. Our goals were to determine how season and site length influence emigration, examine how the life history of an anadromous salmonid may induce bias on mark–recapture abundance estimates, and provide recommendations on minimizing the bias associated with violating the geographic closure assumption. Average emigration rate was low across all surveys and watersheds (5.1%), with higher emigration rates correlating with larger fish, shorter site length, and the season in which the site was sampled. We concluded that the bias associated with violating the geographic closure assumption in an open site can be minimized by avoiding times of migration and by sampling sites up to 650 m long depending on fish density and capture efficiency. Our findings provide useful information for planning mark–recapture studies that have multiple sampling objectives.
Received July 27, 2016; accepted May 24, 2017Published online August 4, 2017
The Decline of Directly Observed Physical Function Performance Among U.S. Chinese Older Adults
Authors: Dong XinQi , Bergren Stephanie M. , Simon Melissa A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Physical function decline is a major public health concern and can predict later mortality. This study aims to examine the sociodemographic factors associated with physical function decline among U.S. Chinese older adults through a longitudinal population-based study.Methods:Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE) at two time points: 2011–2013 and 2013–2015. Physical function was measured by observed physical performance testing, including chair stand, tandem stand, and timed walk. Mixed-effect models were used to analyze the demographic risk factors associated with physical function decline.Results:Of the 2,713 participants in waves 1 and 2, their average age was 72.6 years old, 58.4% were female, with 8.7 years of education average, and 85.8% had an annual individual income of less than $10,000. Our findings show subjects of older age, female sex, lower education, lower income, and a greater number of medical comorbidities had lower physical function levels at baseline. Older adults experienced a faster decline in physical function for the overall performance measure (β = −.02, p &lt; .001). Additionally, elderly adults with higher education have a faster decline of physical function in the overall performance measure (β = −.03, p &lt; .01).Discussion:As the first to examine physical function decline among U.S. Chinese older adults, our study finds older age and higher education are two factors associated with a faster rate of physical function decline. In future research, long-term follow up and multiple waves of data are needed to investigate risk or resilience factors for disability or recovering from disability.
Population Aging and Health Trajectories at Older Ages
Authors: Vogelsang Eric M , Raymo James M , Liang Jersey , Kobayashi Erika , Fukaya Taro 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis study examines relationships between municipal age structure and two types of self-rated health: general (SRH) and comparison with similar-aged peers (C-SRH).MethodsUsing a national sample of almost 5,000 Japanese older adults over two decades, we employ hierarchical growth curve models to estimate health trajectories. For municipal age structure, we consider both the relative prevalence of elderly adults in the local population and the pace of aging over time.ResultsLiving in the oldest municipalities was generally associated with worse health, particularly between the ages of 70 and 80 years. For SRH, the speed of municipal population aging was also independently associated with worse health. For C-SRH, worse health in older areas was partially explained by less favorable economic conditions in those municipalities. Results also suggest that higher levels of employment and social integration among older adults living in the oldest municipalities operate in the opposite direction. That is, these attributes partially “protect” individuals from other factors that contribute to worse health.DiscussionRelative differences in municipal age structure and the pace of population aging are largely unexplored and potentially important correlates of older adult health. This line of research is increasingly salient in a world with substantial and growing regional variation in population aging.
Identification of biomarker sets for predicting the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy against pollen-induced allergic rhinitis
Authors: Gotoh Minoru , Kaminuma Osamu , Nakaya Akihiro , Katayama Kazufumi , Motoi Yuji , Watanabe Nobumasa , Saeki Mayumi , Nishimura Tomoe , Kitamura Noriko , Yamaoka Kazuko , Okubo Kimihiro , Hiroi Takachika 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is effective against allergic rhinitis, although a substantial proportion of individuals is refractory. Herein, we describe a predictive modality to reliably identify SLIT non-responders (NRs). We conducted a 2-year clinical study in 193 adult patients with Japanese cedar pollinosis, with biweekly administration of 2000 Japanese allergy units of cedar pollen extract as the maintenance dose. After identifying high-responder (HR) patients with improved severity scores and NR patients with unchanged or exacerbated symptoms, differences in 33 HR and 34 NR patients were evaluated in terms of peripheral blood cellular profiles by flow cytometry and serum factors by ELISA and cytokine bead array, both pre- and post-SLIT. Improved clinical responses were seen in 72% of the treated patients. Pre-therapy IL-12p70 and post-therapy IgG1 serum levels were significantly different between HR and NR patients, although these parameters alone failed to distinguish NR from HR patients. However, the analysis of serum parameters in the pre-therapy samples with the Adaptive Boosting (AdaBoost) algorithm distinguished NR patients with high probability within the training data set. Cluster analysis revealed a positive correlation between serum Th1/Th2 cytokines and other cytokines/chemokines in HR patients after SLIT. Thus, processing of pre-therapy serum parameters with AdaBoost and cluster analysis can be reliably used to develop a prediction method for HR/NR patients.
Sequential analysis of child pain behavior and maternal responses: an observational study
Authors: Langer Shelby L. , Romano Joan , Brown Jonathon D. , Nielson Heather , Ou Bobby , Rauch Christina , Zullo Lirra , Levy Rona L. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This laboratory-based study examined lagged associations between child pain behavior and maternal responses as a function of maternal catastrophizing (CAT). Mothers completed the parent version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Children participated in a validated water ingestion procedure to induce abdominal discomfort with mothers present. Video recordings of their interactions were edited into 30-second segments and coded by 2 raters for presence of child pain behavior, maternal solicitousness, and nontask conversation. Kappa reliabilities ranged from 0.83 to 0.95. Maternal CAT was positively associated with child pain behavior and maternal solicitousness, P values <0.05. In lagged analyses, child pain behavior during a given segment (T) was positively associated with child pain behavior during the subsequent segment (T + 1), P <0.05. Maternal CAT moderated the association between (1) child pain behavior at T and maternal solicitousness at T + 1, and (2) solicitousness at T and child pain behavior at T + 1, P values <0.05. Mothers higher in CAT responded solicitously at T + 1 irrespective of their child's preceding pain behavior, and their children exhibited pain behavior at T + 1 irrespective of the mother's preceding solicitousness. Mothers lower in CAT were more likely to respond solicitously at T + 1 after child pain behavior, and their children were more likely to exhibit pain behavior at T + 1 after maternal solicitousness. These findings indicate that high CAT mothers and their children exhibit inflexible patterns of maternal solicitousness and child pain behavior, and that such families may benefit from interventions to decrease CAT and develop more adaptive responses.
Identifying High-alert Medications in a University Hospital by Applying Data From the Medication Error Reporting System
Authors: Tyynismaa Lotta , Honkala Anni , Airaksinen Marja , Shermock Kenneth , Lehtonen Lasse 
Published: June 2017

Objectives
To facilitate safe use of high-alert medications, lists of medications posing higher risks for medication errors (MEs) and harmful effects have been compiled. These lists can be general or reflect clinical practices in specific settings. Less common has been to compile a hospital-specific list applying data from the organization’s ME reporting system. Our objective was to demonstrate a method for compiling such a high-alert medication list in a university hospital.

Methods
Of the eighteen 136 MEs reported during 2007 to 2013, ME reports with medications coded as a contributing factor to the incident were included (n = 249). The involved medications were identified and compared with the hospital’s drug consumption and Institute for Safe Medication Practice’s List of High-Alert Medications. The report narratives of MEs with most reported and high-alert medications (120 reports) were qualitatively content analyzed.

Results
The included 249 reports concerned 280 medications, of which 33% were classified as high-alert medications by the Institute for Safe Medication Practice. The most common therapeutic groups were antibacterials for systemic use (13%), psycholeptics (10%), analgesics (9%), and antithrombotic agents (9%). The most common high-alert medications were oxycodone (5%), enoxaparin (3%), and noradrenaline (3%). Serious patient harm (3%) was related to cefuroxime, enoxaparin, ibuprofen, midazolam, propofol, and warfarin. A half of the MEs were related to parenteral preparations. The qualitative content analysis revealed the key process safety risks of the most reported and high-alert medications.

Conclusions
The method is applicable for compiling a hospital-specific high-alert medication list and related analysis of key process safety risks contributing to MEs.