bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CONCEPTUALIZATIONS OF THE SOCIETAL PERSPECTIVE WITHIN ECONOMIC EVALUATIONS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Drost Ruben M.W.A. , van der Putten Ingeborg M. , Ruwaard Dirk , Evers Silvia M.A.A. , Paulus Aggie T.G. 
Published: June 2017

Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate how the societal perspective is conceptualized in economic evaluations and to assess how intersectoral costs and benefits (ICBs), that is, the costs and benefits pertaining to sectors outside the healthcare sector, impact their results.Methods:Based on a search in July 2015 using PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO, a systematic literature review was performed for economic evaluations which were conducted from a societal perspective. Conceptualizations were assessed in NVivo version 11 using conventional and directed content analysis. Trial-based evaluations in the fields of musculoskeletal and mental disorders were analyzed further, focusing on the way ICBs impact the results of economic evaluations.Results:A total of 107 studies were assessed, of which 74 (69.1 percent) provided conceptualizations of the societal perspective. These varied in types of costs included and in descriptions of cost bearers. Labor productivity costs were included in seventy-two studies (67.3 percent), while only thirty-eight studies (35.5 percent) included other ICBs, most of which entailed informal care and/or social care costs. ICBs within the educational and criminal justice sectors were each included five times. Most of the trial-based evaluations analyzed further (n= 21 of 28) reported productivity costs. In nine, these took up more than 50 percent of total costs. In several studies, criminal justice and informal care costs were also important.Conclusions:There is great variety in the way the societal perspective is conceptualized and interpreted within economic evaluations. Use of the term “societal perspective” is often related to including merely productivity costs, while other ICBs could be relevant as well.
The influence of food consumption and socio-economic factors on the relationship between zinc and iron intake and status in a healthy population
Authors: Knez Marija , Nikolic Marina , Zekovic Milica , Stangoulis James CR , Gurinovic Mirjana , Glibetic Maria 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine Zn and Fe nutritional status of a healthy population by means of anthropometric, dietary and biochemical measurements and to investigate the relationship of usual Zn and Fe dietary intakes to Zn and Fe status. In addition, to examine the impact of food choices and socio-economic factors on Fe and Zn dietary intakes and status with the aim to identify groups at risk of dietary deficiency and suggest factors that may influence the status of these nutrients.DesignFood consumption was assessed by 24 h recall questionnaires. Twenty biochemical parameters were measured, of which Hb, haematocrit, erythrocyte count and plasma concentrations of Fe and Zn were directly related to Fe and Zn nutrition. The prevalence of study participants with inadequate micronutrient intakes was calculated using the Estimated Average Requirement cut-point method.SettingSerbia, Europe.SubjectsApparently healthy adults (25–65 years of age).ResultsMean daily Zn and Fe intakes were 9·1 mg and 11·6 mg for males and 7·3 mg and 9·4 mg for females, respectively. Five per cent of the study population had inadequate dietary Fe intake and 15–25 % had inadequate Zn intake. Lower Hb concentrations were measured in women with lower Zn intakes. No differences in Fe and Zn intakes and status among various socio-economic groups were observed, except for Fe intake between the low-income and affluent groups.ConclusionsRegular follow-ups are needed to ensure that potential deficiencies of Zn and Fe do get recognized and addressed in a timely manner.
Optical variability patterns of radio-quiet and radio-loud quasars
Authors: Marziani P. , Bon E. , Grieco A. , Bon N. , Dultzin D. , Del Olmo A. , D'Onofrio M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe analyzed the light curves (LCs) of several radio-quiet and radio-loud quasars belonging to the same parameter space volume in the 4D Eigenvector 1 (4DE1) quasar sequence, using data from the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS). We report preliminary results on detected variability pattern, and discuss possible cases of periodic variability.
The effect of AGN feedback on Sunyaev-Zeldovich properties of simulated galaxy clusters
Authors: Fabjan Dunja , Planelles S. , Borgani S. , Murante G. , Rasia E. , Biffi V. , Truong N. , Ragone-Figueroa C. , Granato G. L. , Dolag K. , Pierpaoli E. , Beck A. M. , Steinborn Lisa K. , Gaspari M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe studied the imprints that feedback from Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) leaves on the intracluster plasma during the assembly history of galaxy clusters. To this purpose we used state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations based on an updated version of the Tree-PM SPH GADGET-3 code, comparing three sets of simulations with different prescriptions for the physics of baryons (including AGN and/or stellar feedback). We explore the effect of these different physics, in particular AGN feedback, on IntraCluster medium (ICM) properties observed via Sunyaev-Zel’dovich (SZ) effect using an extended set of galaxy clusters (~100 clusters with M500 masses above 5 × 1013M⊙/h). Some of the main findings are that the scaling relation between the integrated SZ flux and the galaxy cluster total mass is in good accordance with several observed samples, especially for massive clusters, and does not show any clear redshift evolution, with the slope of the relation close to the theoretical one in the AGN feedback case. As for the scatter of this relation, we obtain a mild dependence on the cluster dynamical state.
Search for High Energy emission from GRBs with MAGIC
Authors: Berti Alessio ,   for the MAGIC GRB group
Published: June 2017

AbstractGamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most violent explosions in the Universe, releasing a huge amount of energy in few seconds. While our understanding of the prompt and the afterglow phases has increased with Swift and Fermi, we have very few information about their High Energy (HE, E ≲ 100) emission components. This requires a ground-based experiment able to perform fast follow-up with enough sensitivity above ~ 50 GeV. The MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma-ray Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes have been designed to perform fast follow-up on GRBs thanks to fast slewing movement and low energy threshold (~ 50 GeV). Since the beginning of the operations, MAGIC followed-up 89 GRBs in good observational conditions. In this contribution the MAGIC GRBs follow-up campaign and the results which could be obtained by detecting HE and Very High Energy (VHE, E ≳ 100 GeV) γ-rays from GRBs will be reviewed.
What was the Initial Mass of Merging Black Holes in GW150914 ?
Authors: Tagawa Hiromichi , Umemura Masayuki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecently, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) has detected the gravitational wave (GW) event, GW150914, as a result of the merger of a ~30 M⊙ black hole (BH) binary. So far, the merger of stellar-mass BHs has been thought to result from the evolution of binary stars. Here, we propose a novel path of the merger stemming from non-binary isolated stars. In our previous studies, we have found that multiple non-binary stellar-mass BHs whose separations are larger than 1000 AU can merge with each other under the gas-rich environments through the gas dynamical friction and three-body interaction. In this case, a considerable amount of gas can accrete onto BHs before the merger, that is, the initial mass of BHs can be lower than 30 M⊙. To explore this possibility, we perform post-Newtonian N-body simulations on mergers of accreting stellar-mass BHs. Based on our simulations, we find that the BH merger in GW150914 from smaller seed BHs is likely to occur in galactic nuclear regions or dense interstellar cloud cores. Furthermore, we roughly estimate event rates to be ~0.4 yr−1 in galactic nuclear regions and ~8 yr−1 in dense interstellar cloud cores.
Synergetic Growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov Instabilities in the Relativistic Jet
Authors: Matsumoto Jin , Masada Youhei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigate the growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities at the interface of the relativistic jet using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. The propagation of the relativistic jet that is continuously injected from the boundary of the calculation domain into a uniform ambient medium is solved. We find that the interface of the jet is deformed by a synergetic growth of the Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities regardless of the launching condition, such as the specific enthalpy of the jet or the effective inertia ratio between the jet and ambient medium. The material mixing between the jet and external medium due to these instabilities causes the deceleration of the jet.
The Energetic Particle Population in Centaurus A
Authors: Chadwick Paula , Brown Anthony M. , Boehm Celine , Graham Jamie , Lacroix Thomas , Silk Joseph 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe report a significant hardening of theFermi-LAT gamma-ray spectrum from the core of Cen A at E > 2.4 GeV, suggesting there is a source of high energy particles in the core of Cen A which is in addition to the jet component. We show that the observed gamma-ray spectrum is compatible with either a spike in the dark matter halo profile or a population of millisecond pulsars. This work gives a strong indication of new gamma-ray production mechanisms in active galactic nuclei and could even provide evidence for the clustering of heavy dark matter particles around black holes.
Neutrino Astronomy with IceCube
Authors: Meagher Kevin J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe IceCube Neutrino Observatory is a cubic kilometer neutrino telescope located at the Geographic South Pole. Cherenkov radiation emitted by charged secondary particles from neutrino interactions is observed by IceCube using an array of 5160 photomultiplier tubes embedded between a depth of 1.5 km to 2.5 km in the Antarctic glacial ice. The detection of astrophysical neutrinos is a primary goal of IceCube and has now been realized with the discovery of a diffuse, high-energy flux consisting of neutrino events from tens of TeV up to several PeV. Many analyses have been performed to identify the source of these neutrinos: correlations with active galactic nuclei, gamma-ray bursts, and the galactic plane. IceCube also conducts multi-messenger campaigns to alert other observatories of possible neutrino transients in real-time. However, the source of these neutrinos remains elusive as no corresponding electromagnetic counterparts have been identified. This proceeding will give an overview of the detection principles of IceCube, the properties of the observed astrophysical neutrinos, the search for corresponding sources (including real-time searches), and plans for a next-generation neutrino detector, IceCube–Gen2.
Acceleration of particles up to PeV energies at the galactic centre
Authors: Gabici Stefano , Aharonian Felix A. , Moulin Emmanuel , Viana Aion 
Published: June 2017

AbstractRecent very high energy observations of the galactic centre region performed by H.E.S.S. revealed the presence of a powerful PeVatron. This is the first of such objects detected, and its most plausible counterpart seems to be associated to Sgr A*, the supermassive black hole in the centre of our galaxy. The implications of this discovery will be discussed, in particular in the context of the problem of the origin of galactic cosmic rays.
Observing shadow of the Schwarzschild black hole in presence of a plasma
Authors: Atamurotov Farruh 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe have investigated particle motion around Schwarzschild black holes in the presence of a plasma with radial power-law density profile has been shown that the photon sphere around a spherically symmetric black hole is unchanged under the influence of the plasma; however, the Schwarzschild black hole shadow size is reduced due to the refraction of electromagnetic radiation in the plasma environment of the black hole.
Linking the development and functioning of a carnivorous pitcher plant’s microbial digestive community
Authors: Armitage David W 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Ecosystem development theory predicts that successional turnover in community composition can influence ecosystem functioning. However, tests of this theory in natural systems are made difficult by a lack of replicable and tractable model systems. Using the microbial digestive associates of a carnivorous pitcher plant, I tested hypotheses linking host age-driven microbial community development to host functioning. Monitoring the yearlong development of independent microbial digestive communities in two pitcher plant populations revealed a number of trends in community succession matching theoretical predictions. These included mid-successional peaks in bacterial diversity and metabolic substrate use, predictable and parallel successional trajectories among microbial communities, and convergence giving way to divergence in community composition and carbon substrate use. Bacterial composition, biomass, and diversity positively influenced the rate of prey decomposition, which was in turn positively associated with a host leaf’s nitrogen uptake efficiency. Overall digestive performance was greatest during late summer. These results highlight links between community succession and ecosystem functioning and extend succession theory to host-associated microbial communities.
A coherent quantum annealer with Rydberg atoms
Authors: Glaetzle A. W. , van Bijnen R. M. W. , Zoller P. , Lechner W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThere is a significant ongoing effort in realizing quantum annealing with different physical platforms. The challenge is to achieve a fully programmable quantum device featuring coherent adiabatic quantum dynamics. Here we show that combining the well-developed quantum simulation toolbox for Rydberg atoms with the recently proposed Lechner–Hauke–Zoller (LHZ) architecture allows one to build a prototype for a coherent adiabatic quantum computer with all-to-all Ising interactions and, therefore, a platform for quantum annealing. In LHZ an infinite-range spin-glass is mapped onto the low energy subspace of a spin-1/2 lattice gauge model with quasi-local four-body parity constraints. This spin model can be emulated in a natural way with Rubidium and Caesium atoms in a bipartite optical lattice involving laser-dressed Rydberg–Rydberg interactions, which are several orders of magnitude larger than the relevant decoherence rates. This makes the exploration of coherent quantum enhanced optimization protocols accessible with state-of-the-art atomic physics experiments.
Nearest-neighbour resonating valence bonds in YbMgGaO4
Authors: Li Yuesheng , Adroja Devashibhai , Voneshen David , Bewley Robert I. , Zhang Qingming , Tsirlin Alexander A. , Gegenwart Philipp 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSince its proposal by Anderson, resonating valence bonds (RVB) formed by a superposition of fluctuating singlet pairs have been a paradigmatic concept in understanding quantum spin liquids. Here, we show that excitations related to singlet breaking on nearest-neighbour bonds describe the high-energy part of the excitation spectrum in YbMgGaO4, the effective spin-1/2 frustrated antiferromagnet on the triangular lattice, as originally considered by Anderson. By a thorough single-crystal inelastic neutron scattering study, we demonstrate that nearest-neighbour RVB excitations account for the bulk of the spectral weight above 0.5 meV. This renders YbMgGaO4 the first experimental system where putative RVB correlations restricted to nearest neighbours are observed, and poses a fundamental question of how complex interactions on the triangular lattice conspire to form this unique many-body state.
A unified model of Hymenopteran preadaptations that trigger the evolutionary transition to eusociality
Authors: Quiñones Andrés E. , Pen Ido 
Published: June 2017

AbstractExplaining the origin of eusociality, with strict division of labour between workers and reproductives, remains one of evolutionary biology’s greatest challenges. Specific combinations of genetic, behavioural and demographic traits in Hymenoptera are thought to explain their relatively high frequency of eusociality, but quantitative models integrating such preadaptations are lacking. Here we use mathematical models to show that the joint evolution of helping behaviour and maternal sex ratio adjustment can synergistically trigger both a behavioural change from solitary to eusocial breeding, and a demographic change from a life cycle with two reproductive broods to a life cycle in which an unmated cohort of female workers precedes a final generation of dispersing reproductives. Specific suits of preadaptations are particularly favourable to the evolution of eusociality: lifetime monogamy, bivoltinism with male generation overlap, hibernation of mated females and haplodiploidy with maternal sex ratio adjustment. The joint effects of these preadaptations may explain the abundance of eusociality in the Hymenoptera and its virtual absence in other haplodiploid lineages.
Disruption of the C/EBPα—miR-182 balance impairs granulocytic differentiation
Authors: Wurm Alexander Arthur , Zjablovskaja Polina , Kardosova Miroslava , Gerloff Dennis , Bräuer-Hartmann Daniela , Katzerke Christiane , Hartmann Jens-Uwe , Benoukraf Touati , Fricke Stephan , Hilger Nadja , Müller Anne-Marie , Bill Marius , Schwind Sebastian , Tenen Daniel G. , Niederwieser Dietger , Alberich-Jorda Meritxell , Behre Gerhard 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTranscription factor C/EBPα is a master regulator of myelopoiesis and its inactivation is associated with acute myeloid leukemia. Deregulation of C/EBPα by microRNAs during granulopoiesis or acute myeloid leukemia development has not been studied. Here we show that oncogenic miR-182 is a strong regulator of C/EBPα. Moreover, we identify a regulatory loop between C/EBPα and miR-182. While C/EBPα blocks miR-182 expression by direct promoter binding during myeloid differentiation, enforced expression of miR-182 reduces C/EBPα protein level and impairs granulopoiesis in vitro and in vivo. In addition, miR-182 expression is highly elevated particularly in acute myeloid leukemia patients with C-terminal CEBPA mutations, thereby depicting a mechanism by which C/EBPα blocks miR-182 expression. Furthermore, we present miR-182 expression as a prognostic marker in cytogenetically high-risk acute myeloid leukemia patients. Our data demonstrate the importance of a controlled balance between C/EBPα and miR-182 for the maintenance of healthy granulopoiesis.
Photosynthesis-dependent H2O2 transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei provides a high-light signalling mechanism
Authors: Exposito-Rodriguez Marino , Laissue Pierre Philippe , Yvon-Durocher Gabriel , Smirnoff Nicholas , Mullineaux Philip M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChloroplasts communicate information by signalling to nuclei during acclimation to fluctuating light. Several potential operating signals originating from chloroplasts have been proposed, but none have been shown to move to nuclei to modulate gene expression. One proposed signal is hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) produced by chloroplasts in a light-dependent manner. Using HyPer2, a genetically encoded fluorescent H2O2 sensor, we show that in photosynthetic Nicotiana benthamiana epidermal cells, exposure to high light increases H2O2 production in chloroplast stroma, cytosol and nuclei. Critically, over-expression of stromal ascorbate peroxidase (H2O2 scavenger) or treatment with DCMU (photosynthesis inhibitor) attenuates nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase over-expression has little effect on nuclear H2O2 accumulation and high light-responsive gene expression. This is because the H2O2 derives from a sub-population of chloroplasts closely associated with nuclei. Therefore, direct H2O2 transfer from chloroplasts to nuclei, avoiding the cytosol, enables photosynthetic control over gene expression.
Unveiling the hidden nematicity and spin subsystem in FeSe
Authors: Luo Chih-Wei , Chung Cheng Po , Wang Shun-Hung , Chiang Jen-Che , Lin Jiunn-Yuan , Wu Kaung-Hsiung , Juang Jenh-Yih , Chareev Dmitry A. , Volkova Olga S. , Vasiliev Alexander N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe nematic order (nematicity) is considered as one of the essential ingredients to understand the mechanism of Fe-based superconductivity. In most Fe-based superconductors (pnictides), nematic order is reasonably close to the antiferromagnetic order. In FeSe, in contrast, a nematic order emerges below the structure phase transition at Ts = 90 K with no magnetic order. The case of FeSe is of paramount importance to a universal picture of Fe-based superconductors. The polarized ultrafast spectroscopy provides a tool to probe simultaneously the electronic structure and the magnetic interactions through quasiparticle dynamics. Here we show that this approach reveals both the electronic and magnetic nematicity below and, surprisingly, its fluctuations far above Ts to at least 200 K. The quantitative pump–probe data clearly identify a correlation between the topology of the Fermi surface and the magnetism in all temperature regimes, thus providing profound insight into the driving factors of nematicity in FeSe and the origin of its uniqueness.
Plasma homocysteine and cerebral small vessel disease as possible mediators between kidney and cognitive functions in patients with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sonoda Mika , Shoji Tetsuo , Kuwamura Yukinobu , Okute Yujiro , Naganuma Toshihide , Shima Hideaki , Motoyama Koka , Morioka Tomoaki , Mori Katsuhito , Fukumoto Shinya , Shioi Atsushi , Shimono Taro , Fujii Hisako , Kabata Daijiro , Shintani Ayumi , Emoto Masanori , Inaba Masaaki 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCognitive impairment is more prevalent in those with decreased kidney function. We tested a hypothesis that an increased homocysteine and/or cerebral small vessel diseases (SVDs) mediate the link between kidney and cognitive functions in a cross-sectional study in 143 type 2 diabetes patients without diagnosis of dementia or prior stroke. The exposure and outcome variables were estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and cognitive performance evaluated with Modified Mini-Mental State (3 MS) examination, respectively. The candidate mediators were plasma homocysteine concentration, and SVDs including silent cerebral infarction, cerebral microbleed, periventricular hyperintensity, and deep and subcortical white matter hyperintensity by magnetic resonance imaging. In multiple regression models adjusted for 12 potential confounders, eGFR was positively associated with 3 MS score, inversely with homocysteine, but not significantly with the presence of any type of SVD. The association of eGFR with 3 MS remained significant when each of the SVDs was added to the model, whereas it disappeared when homocysteine was included in place of SVD. Mediation analysis indicated nearly significant mediation of homocysteine (P = 0.062) but no meaningful mediations of SVDs (P = 0.842–0.930). Thus, homocysteine, not SVDs, was shown to be the possible mediator between kidney and cognitive functions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.