bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Skull bone thickness versus malocclusion
Authors: Mahamad Iqbal D. K. , Amin Vivek B. , Mascarenhas Rohan , Husain Akther 
Published: November 2015

Objective
The objectives of this study were to determine the thickness of skull bones, namely frontal, parietal, and occipital bones in Class I, Class II, and Class III patients.

Materials and Methods
Three hundred subjects who reported to the Department of Orthodontics requiring orthodontic treatment within the age group 17-35 were selected for the study. They were subdivided into three groups of 100 each according to the skeletal and dental relation. Profile radiographs were taken and the tracings were then scanned, and uploaded to the MATLAB 7.6.0 (R 2008a) software. The total surface areas of the individual bones were estimated by the software, which represented the thickness of each bone.

Result
Frontal bone was the thickest in Class III malocclusion group and the thinnest in Class II malocclusion group. But the parietal and occipital bone thickness were not significant. During gender differentiation in Class I, malocclusion group frontal bone thickness was more in males than females, In Class II, malocclusion parietal bone thickness was more in males than females. No statistically significant difference exists between genders, in Class III malocclusion group. During inter-comparison, the frontal bone thickness was significant when compared with Class I and Class II malocclusion groups and Class II and Class III malocclusion groups.

Conclusion
The differences in skull thickness in various malocclusions can be used as an adjunct in diagnosis and treatment planning for orthodontic patients. It was found that the new method (MATLAB 7.6.0 [R 2008a] software) of measuring skull thickness was easier, faster, precise, and accurate.
An evaluation and comparison of the shear bond strength of two newly formulated primer systems with a conventional primer system under different conditions: An in vitro study
Authors: John Jacob , Kumar Jithesh , Kumar Kishore , Solanki Vandana , Puttaswamy Vinay 
Published: November 2015

Aims and Objectives
This study was carried to evaluate the shear bond strength of brackets bonded with self-etching primer and moisture insensitive primer (MIP) and compare it with the conventional adhesive system.

Materials and Methods
A total of 90 extracted human premolar teeth were selected and divided into three groups of 30 teeth each with two sub groups (dry and wet), of 15 teeth each. Each group was bonded with three different types of bonding systems namely visible light cure Clearfil Liner Bond 2V, MIP and Transbond XT. These groups were named SD, MD and CD in dry conditions and SW, MW and CW in wet condition and each of these groups were color coded. The shear bond strength of the bonding system in each group was tested using Universal testing machine Instron (Instron model:4206, Instron Corporation, USA).

Results
In dry condition all three groups showed good bond strength. Self-etch primer showed the average highest bond strength, followed by Transbond XT and then MIP. In wet condition MIP has highest bond strength, followed by self-etching primer and Transbond XT.

Conclusion
Under dry conditions conventional primer is the material of choice. Under wet conditions, MIP showed the highest bond strength and hence can be considered to be a material of choice.
Una mirada virtual al pasado: recreación del castillo de Montefrío en época nazarí
Authors: Valdivia García Miguel 
Published: November 2015

<p>Drawing is a necessary tool to deepen in the knowledge of the objects studied. This tool has been widened and favoured with the fast development of the 3D<br />modeling technologies and realistic photo rendering, because the level of knowledge we can extract from the objects is higher when we are offered far more graphical resources. The recreation of the castle of Montefrío in the nazarí age is an instance of the use of the infographic techniques applied to the historical knowledge and its diffusion. For this project of 3D animation the render elements have been used , which is based on de-built the render in its main elements, allowing a great control and flexibility in the workflow of the project and during the phase of postproduction of CG images.</p>
Modelos virtuales entorno al Territorio Vetón; hacia una visualización del pasado accesible para todos los públicos.
Authors: Romero Serra Mireia , Rojo Ariza M. Carmen , Martínez Gil Tania 
Published: November 2015

<p>This article offers the preliminary results of a project carried out by experts of computers as well as designers and archaeologists for the creation of realistic 3D models of Vetton Culture architectures based on the data recorded during excavations. The present example is focused specifically on the so-called castros (Iron Age settlements) of Castillo de Saldeana (Saldeana), Lugar Viejo (Yecla de Yeltes) and Las Merchanas (Lumbrales).</p>
Desarrollo de Proyectos Europeos: SYDDARTA
Authors: Sanjuan Sanz Yolanda , Granero Montagud Luis , Díaz Gómez Francisco 
Published: November 2015

<p>SYDDARTA is an European-range project, under the 7ht framework program, focused on the development of a hyper-spectral based 3D digitizing system. The consortium is led by AIDO, Technological Institute for Optics in Valencia, and has members of 8 countries from the European Union. The technological base of the prototype to-be-developed is the combination of the pattern projection 3D digitizing technique, that generates the 3D shape of the object analyzed, and the hyperspectral vision technique, that makes possible to perform chemical and structural analysis from the data taken from the interior layers of the object analyzed, an information that is provided by the penetration capability of the non visible wavelengths used (mainly infra-red).</p>
In search of a representation of the Gavrinis megalithic tomb (Morbihan, France)
Authors: Cassen Serge , Lescop Laurent , Grimaud Valentin , Querré Guirec , Suner Bruno 
Published: November 2015

<p>Gavrinis, on the estuary of the river Vannes (Brittany, France), is known for the extraordinary abundance of engravings preserved on the monolithic wall pillars and capstone. Our objective is to re-qualify these representations using a new frame of reference, based on a new corpus of engraved signs, including their architectural context and position in the volume of the rock. Recording of the topographical, archaeological, petrographic and acoustic data of the cairn and the passage grave provides a representation of both architecture and engraved and painted signs</p>
Herramientas CAD/CAE en la caracterización tecnológica del Patrimonio Histórico Industrial: Aplicación a una prensa de aceite de oliva
Authors: Rojas Sola José Ignacio , Castro García Miguel , Carranza Cañadas Mª del Pilar , Contreras Anguita Francisco Javier 
Published: November 2015

<p>The olive tree with its fruit, the olive, has been throughout history a culture whose importance has generated a widespread culture along the Mediterranean Sea. Since the days of ancient Egypt until today, its transformation to the consumption of olives, table olives or vegetable fat, has evolved hand in hand with contemporary techniques known. As for obtaining olive oil, fruit or the pressing of the pulp obtained after milling, is a critical point in its manufacture. This process is the goal of this communication which will present a technical analysis of an oil press. This is expected to achieve greater depth of knowledge of the techniques employed in the sector of olive oil.</p>
Metodología de Reconstrucción Virtual de Patrimonio Arqueológico
Authors: Aranda Piñero Leticia 
Published: November 2015

<p>This document explains the methodology followed in a particular case, and that could be applied in any case, the virtual reconstruction o architectural heritage or archaeological.<br />The steps are: modeling, in which we get the volumes of the building, the application of materials (color, texture, gloss, transparency,... ), introduction of natural and artificial lighting in the digital model, and the introduction of cameras to get different views of the building.</p>
Fractales en Arqueología: aplicación en la pintura rupestre de sitios del México prehispánico.
Authors: Lara Galicia Aline 
Published: November 2015

<p>This study exposed analysis fractal by the dimension D in the rock art. The Fractals is a new tool in the software application and digital photography<br />for the recognition of raw materials, the study of its form, degradation, specific parts of paint, and providing new data the virtual reconstruction.<br />The analyzes focus on various pictorial sets of the region Mezquital Valley, Hidalgo, Mexico; region where are concentrated more than 100 caves, comparing 74 images to analyze the various pictorial traditions.<br />The structure fractal describes the dimension of the represented objects, not only according to its space where the figure is placed, but the possibility of being a fraction in which all the surfaces can be observed (rock, paint).</p>
Aplicación de las TIC en el área de la Arqueología Virtual para alumnos con necesidades educativas especiales en la etapa de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria
Authors: Husillos García Mª Luz 
Published: November 2015

<p>Today's society is convinced that quality education must reach all young people, without exclusions. In this regard, the Secundary Education emphasizes the fact of catering for diversity.<br />Proper training will enable greater personal and social development, so that students can integrate in an increasingly demanding society. In this context, the New Technologies of Information and Communication facilitate both teaching and learning. One of them, Virtual Archaeology, the enables the conversion of historical legacy into real and powerful resources to support school and, consequently, society.</p>
El Título de Especialista Universitario en Virtualización del Patrimonio de la Universidad de Alicante. Propuesta formativa.
Authors: Molina Vidal Jaime , Esclapés Jover Francisco Javier , Tejerina Antón Daniel , Fabregat Bolufer Laia 
Published: November 2015

<p>The University of Alicante has organized the first edition of a specialist degree in Cultural Heritage Virtualization during the academic year 2011-2012. In this<br />paper we intend to show the basis for this project and the program itself. Finally, and from the experience of the first edition, we explain the strategic plan we have defined for the development of future editions, as well as changes that have been introduced, especially in the learning method (offering the option to follow the course online) and the international expansion strategy.</p>
The virtual journey through history: from projects to building phases of one of the most famous baroque Royal Palace in the UNESCO’s World Heritage List
Authors: Biondi Elena , Bovero Alessandro 
Published: November 2015

<p>In this paper we present an experience designed to introduce virtual reality and computer graphic modeling as representing tools in all phases of interpretation, analysis, reconstruction and communication of archaeological and historical researches on Venaria Reale Complex. Ten three-dimensional CG reconstructions represent exterior shapes of the Complex corresponding its five major building phases: the relationship between the old town centre, the Royal Complex and its Gardens has been consistently the result of an unified vision. The virtual pass into the history of that site since seventeenth century to the present has been realized with careful virtual camera flight through 3D reconstructions. The main purpose for the final video was to highlight the most significant elements that mark urban and architectural evolutions.</p>
Capiteles sevillanos. Técnicas avanzadas para su documentación gráfica
Authors: Molero Alonso B. , Barrera Vera J.A. , Cabrera Revuelta E. 
Published: November 2015

<p>Recent developments in the field of documentation of cultural heritage using digital photogrammetry and scanning have led to a renewed interest in techniques and processes that are being used to get geometric models of heritage. So far, however, there has been little discussion about the definition of standardized processes in order to ensure homogeneity and interoperability.<br />On the other hand, very valuable information of the buildings is contained by capitals. The aim of our research is to get a protocol in the documentation of this kind of architectural elements, through the use and comparison of new technologies in the graphic documentation. For this purpose, we have used photogrammetric techniques and optical scanners in order to obtain field data, specialized software management and modeling point clouds for the development of textured 3D models and graphic design software that allows us to analyze and disseminate the results.</p>
“El camino hacia el Santuario Incaico del Llullaillaco”: el complejo arqueológico más alto del mundo analizado a través de un SIG.
Authors: Mignone Pablo 
Published: November 2015

<p>As a contribution to the high altitude Inca archaeology we made surveys in the base, intermediate heights and the surroundings of the Llullaillaco volcano, with the purpose of elucidating the paths followed by the ancient worshippers in their approachment to the shrine. Through a GIS platform we made a distributional analysis in order to find a terrain occupational pattern. As a result, we determined that the archaeological sites that were found in our surveys and the ones that form the Llullaillaco complex are located along the optimal path for approaching and ascending to the summit.</p>
The Economics of Radical Uncertainty
Authors: Ormerod Paul 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In situations of what we now describe as radical uncertainty, the core model of agent behaviour, of rational autonomous agents with stable preferences, is not useful. Instead, a different principle, in which the decisions of an agent are based directly on the decisions and strategies of other agents, is offered as a relevant core model. Preferences are not stable, but evolve. It is not a special case in such circumstances, but the general one. The author provides empirical evidence to suggest that as a description of behaviour in the modern world, economic rationality is applicable in a declining number of situations. He discusses models drawn from the modern literature on cultural evolution in which imitation of others is the basic strategy, and suggests a heuristic way of classifying situations in which the different models are relevant. The key point is that in situations where radical uncertainty is present, we require theoretical ‘null’ models of agent behaviour which are different from those of economic rationality. Under uncertainty, fundamentally different behavioural rules are ‘rational’. The author gives an example of a very simple pure sentiment model of the business cycle, in which agents use very simple heuristic decision rules. It is nevertheless capable of approximating a number of deep features of output growth over the cycle.
Quality of Life Variables Assessment, Before and After Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD): Prospective Study
Authors: Arvaniti Maria , Danias Nikolaos , Theodosopoulou Eleni , Smyrniotis Vassilis , Karaoglou M. , Sarafis Pavlos 
Published: November 2015

<p><strong>INTRODUCTION: </strong>The treatment of pancreatic cancer is a complex problem, due to late diagnosis, the need for specialized surgical treatment, the large number of relapses and poor survival.</p><p><strong>OBJECTIVE: </strong>To evaluate the quality of life of patients with periampulary pancreatic cancer before and after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD).</p><p><strong>MATERIAL &amp; METHOD: </strong>The sample was collected in the "Attikon" University General Hospital (Chaidari)<strong>.</strong> It consists of 20 subjects with a mean age of 65.9 years (SD = 10,2 years). For the quality of life measurement, we used the (EORTC) QLQ-C30 version 3.0., as well as the EORTC QOL-PAN26.</p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>From<strong> </strong>the sample of 20 patients who participated, full data were collected for 18 of them during the first month, 17 during the third month and 16 during the sixth month.</p><p>Regarding symptoms, as they were recorded with the QLQ-30 questionnaire, there was a significant increase of fatigue, a significant reduction of pain and constipation, while economic difficulties increased. As for the mean and median values for the dimensions of the PAN-26 questionnaire during monitoring, there was a significant decrease in pancreatic and liver pain symptoms during follow-up, while the gastrointestinal symptoms increased in frequency. In addition, the body image and sexuality worsened.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSIONS: </strong>The surgical treatment of pancreatic cancer with pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), according to the early survey data using the (EORTC) QLQ-C30 version3.0, and the EORTC QOL-PAN26 questionnaires, seems to have a favorable impact on quality of life, as evidenced by the improvement of most parameters evaluated during the study period.</p>
Simplified Civil Procedure in Japan
Authors: Sugiyama Etsuko 
Published: November 2015

Simplified Civil Procedure in Japan
Japanese civil procedure covers four types of simplified procedures: ordinary proceedings in summary courts; actions on bills, notes, and checks; actions on small claims; and payment orders. Actions on small claims were newly introduced as civil procedure in 1996 to promote public access to justice. Summary courts have jurisdiction over these actions. The use of actions on small claims once increased to adjudicate a number of cases for the reimbursement of overpayment against consumer loan companies (Kabaraikin Suits). Although they have been used with less frequency recently due to the decrease of Kabaraikin Suits and increase of the use of other ADR procedures, they have a good reputation among their users and have successfully eased the burden on judges of district courts regardless of budget constraint. However, as more and more difficult cases are filed as actions on small claims, the burden of summary courts and court clerks seems to have increased. Providing information on simplified proceedings by courts and institutions of ADRs to citizens will solve this new problem by helping them to choose appropriate proceedings.
Politiële analyse van eerzaken in de rechtszaal
Authors: Janssen Janine , Ten Voorde Jeroen 
Published: November 2015

Analysis of honour based violence by the police in the court room
To improve the way honour cases are dealt with by the Dutch police, a national centre of expertise, the LEC EGG, was set up. When complex cases are at hand, the LEC EGG offers nationwide assistance to the regional police units. In this contribution the authors look into the use of the analysis by the LEC EGG in the courtroom. What role does analysis by the LEC EGG of honour-based violence have in the court’s decision making?
De OM-strafbeschikking en de minderjarige bestrafte
Authors: Van Es Petra 
Published: November 2015

The public prosecutor’s penalty decision and the juvenile suspect
This article tries to answer the question whether the right to due process, especially for minors receiving a public prosecutor’s penalty decision in the Netherlands is sufficiently guaranteed. To answer this question, formal legislature with respect to this topic, the concept of ‘due process’ as well as the actual legal guarantees for minors, have been explored. In juvenile criminal law, contrary to adult criminal law, the pedagogic aspect plays an important role. The pedagogic point of view is also taken into account. A recent report by the Attorney General of the Dutch Supreme Court showed undoubtedly that after six years of experience, the processes surrounding the instrument of the public prosecutor’s penalty decision are far from being executed flawlessly. Both from a judicial perspective as well as a pedagogic perspective, this is a serious problem. The most important procedural aspects that require substantial improvement are related to determining guilt, attorney accessibility and the presence of parents.
Historische criminologie: een vakgebied
Authors: Bijleveld Catrien , De Koster Margo , van der Heijden Manon 
Published: November 2015

Historical criminology: a discipline
Throughout history people have committed theft, fraud and murder. However, the frequency and severity of crimes are not static, but varies across time and space. The ways in which people respond to crime also change over time: penalties such as banishment, corporal punishment and capital punishment were frequently imposed in early modern Europe, but do not exist here anymore. Our thinking about crime and crime control changed over time as well. In addition to so-called hard crimes such as theft and homicide, various kinds of conduct were – in some times and periods – labeled as criminal (adultery, fornication and blasphemy). In crime control, state formation resulted in the emergence and expansion and professionalization of police forces and judicial systems, which development was accompanied by increasing interactions and interplays between supranational governments, private crime fighters, and informal forms of social control. Criminologists study fluid phenomena which vary across time and space. This makes exchange of knowledge and research cooperation between historians and criminologists particularly fruitful, or as Paul Knepper put it: ‘From what has been done so far, one thing is clear enough: the most interesting criminology arises at the point that history and criminology meet’ (Knepper, 2013, 2081).
‘Dat het uwe Majesteit moge behagen de innigste wensch van een uwer onderdanen te vervullen’
Authors: Weevers Marian 
Published: November 2015

‘In the hope that it pleases your Majesty to fulfill the most sincere wish of one of your inhabitants’: Requests for reprieve of women in the State Labor Institution 1886-1907
The files of the women in the State Labor Institution who submitted a request for reprieve showed that they were well aware of the prevailing discourses. They referred for example to their indispensability at home as mother and spouse. In case they were in the Institution for the first time and had no ‘unfavorable’ reputation they mainly succeeded. The main consideration to grant a pardon was the prospect of maintenance to prevent recurrence and consequently nuisance for society. Those who were seriously ill were pardoned because they could not work, the youngest residents to save them from the bad influence of their older inmates. Nevertheless many returned in the State Labor Institution.
Militaire actoren en accenten in de veiligheidszorg in twintigste-eeuws België
Authors: Campion Jonas 
Published: November 2015

Security provision and the militarization of policing in twentieth-century Belgium
Since mid-January 2015, nearly 300 soldiers were mobilized by the Belgian government to ensure the safety of public places in Liège, Brussels, Antwerp and Verviers, providing assistance to local and federal police forces. This provoked intense political and public debate about the issue of the provision of security in a democratic society, raising questions such as: which are the goals of security policies and what kind of risks are they supposed to address? Which control instances should be responsible for the provision of security and how should they operate? The central issue, here, is whether either civilian or military actors and practices are the most appropriate for surveillance and policing tasks. As a matter of fact, this discussion goes back to the Belgian independence and has marked the entire history of the Belgian police system, since at the heart of it, there has long been a military police force, the gendarmerie. In this contribution, we examine how the militarization of security and policing tasks evolved across the twentieth century in Belgium, which socio-political conditions shaped these evolutions, and what kind of arguments pro or contra military approaches have been advanced in this process.