bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High frequency generation in the corona: Resonant cavities
Authors: Santamaria I. C. , Van Doorsselaere T. 
Published: December 2017

Aims. Null points are prominent magnetic field singularities in which the magnetic field strength strongly decreases in very small spatial scales. Around null points, predicted to be ubiquitous in the solar chromosphere and corona, the wave behavior changes considerably. Null points are also responsible for driving very energetic phenomena, and for contributing to chromospheric and coronal heating. In previous works we demonstrated that slow magneto-acoustic shock waves were generated in the chromosphere propagate through the null point, thereby producing a train of secondary shocks escaping along the field lines. A particular combination of the shock wave speeds generates waves at a frequency of 80 MHz. The present work aims to investigate this high frequency region around a coronal null point to give a plausible explanation to its generation at that particular frequency.
Methods. We carried out a set of two-dimensional numerical simulations of wave propagation in the neighborhood of a null point located in the corona. We varied both the amplitude of the driver and the atmospheric properties to investigate the sensitivity of the high frequency waves to these parameters.
Results. We demonstrate that the wave frequency is sensitive to the atmospheric parameters in the corona, but it is independent of the strength of the driver. Thus, the null point behaves as a resonant cavity generating waves at specific frequencies that depend on the background equilibrium model. Moreover, we conclude that the high frequency wave train generated at the null point is not necessarily a result of the interaction between the null point and a shock wave. This wave train can be also developed by the interaction between the null point and fast acoustic-like magneto-acoustic waves, that is, this interaction within the linear regime.
PEPSI deep spectra
Authors: Mack C. E. , Strassmeier K. G. , Ilyin I. , Schuler S. C. , Spada F. , Barnes S. A. 
Published: December 2017

Context. With the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT), we obtained a spectrum with PEPSI, its new optical high-resolution échelle spectrograph. The spectrum has very high resolution and a high signal-to-noise (S/N) and is of the K0V host Kepler−444, which is known to host five sub-Earth-sized rocky planets. The spectrum has a resolution of R ≈ 250 000, a continuous wavelength coverage from 4230 Å to 9120 Å, and an S/N between 150–550:1 (blue to red).
Aim. We performed a detailed chemical analysis to determine the photospheric abundances of 18 chemical elements. These were used to place constraints on the bulk composition of the five rocky planets.
Methods. Our spectral analysis employs the equivalent-width method for most of our spectral lines, but we used spectral synthesis to fit a small number of lines that required special care. In both cases, we derived our abundances using the MOOG spectral analysis package and Kurucz model atmospheres.
Results. We find no correlation between elemental abundance and condensation temperature among the refractory elements (TC > 950 K). In addition, using our spectroscopic stellar parameters and isochrone fitting, we find an age of 10 ± 1.5 Gyr, which is consistent with the asteroseismic age of 11 ± 1 Gyr. Finally, from the photospheric abundances of Mg, Si, and Fe, we estimate that the typical Fe-core mass fraction for the rocky planets in the Kepler−444 system is approximately 24%.
Conclusions. If our estimate of the Fe-core mass fraction is confirmed by more detailed modeling of the disk chemistry and simulations of planet formation and evolution in the Kepler−444 system, then this would suggest that rocky planets in more metal-poor and α-enhanced systems may tend to be less dense than their counterparts of comparable size in more metal-rich systems.
Neurosurgical Issues in Pregnancy
Authors: Can Anil , Du Rose 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAlthough rare, intracranial hemorrhage due to rupture of cerebral vascular malformations or intracranial aneurysms during pregnancy is a potentially devastating and life-threatening disorder, posing a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to a multidisciplinary team of neurosurgeons, neurologists, obstetricians, and anesthesiologists. Despite the significant risk of morbidity and mortality affecting both the mother and the unborn child, knowledge of the natural history, epidemiology, and appropriate management of cerebral vascular malformations and intracranial aneurysms in pregnant women is limited. Although emergent neurosurgical concerns usually outweigh obstetric considerations, and treatment of these disorders is generally similar in pregnant and nonpregnant women, any necessary and feasible modifications to protect the unborn child should be made. This article reviews the management of ruptured intracranial aneurysms and cerebral vascular malformations, including arteriovenous malformations, cavernous malformations, and moyamoya disease, in women during pregnancy, partus, and puerperium.
Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics in Women
Authors: Duque Cristina , Feske Steven , Sorond Farzaneh 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSex and gender, as biological and social factors, significantly influence health outcomes. Among the biological factors, sex differences in vascular physiology may be one specific mechanism contributing to the observed differences in clinical presentation, response to treatment, and clinical outcomes in several vascular disorders. This review focuses on the cerebrovascular bed and summarizes the existing literature on sex differences in cerebrovascular hemodynamics to highlight the knowledge deficit that exists in this domain. The available evidence is used to generate mechanistically plausible and testable hypotheses to underscore the unmet need in understanding sex-specific mechanisms as targets for more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.
Effects of Neonatal Thoracoscopic Surgery on Tissue Oxygenation: A Pilot Study on (Neuro-) Monitoring and Outcomes
Authors: Vlot John , van Rosmalen Joost , Wijnen René , Weber Frank , Costerus Sophie 
Published: December 2017

Introduction Multiple reports have questioned the feasibility of neonatal thoracoscopic repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) and esophageal atresia (EA). The aim of this study is to examine the effects of CO2 pneumothorax on cerebral and renal rSO2 and to assess the potential predictive value of these data on neurodevelopmental outcome after neonatal thoracoscopic surgery for CDH or EA.
Materials and Methods A prospective observational pilot study. Cerebral and renal regional tissue oxyhemoglobine saturation (rSO2) rSO2 were assessed using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) during thoracoscopic surgery in neonates with CDH and with EA, in addition to routine anesthesia monitoring. Cerebral and renal rSO2, linked to repeated arterial blood gas analyses, heart rate, blood pressure, and to structured longitudinal neurodevelopmental follow-up.
Results Baseline estimated marginal means of cerebral rSO2 values (CDH: 82%, EA: 91%) did not change significantly during pneumothorax (CDH: 81%, EA 79% [n.s. versus baseline]) despite severe acidosis (lowest pH, CDH: 6.99, EA: 7.1). Neurodevelopmental outcomes at 24 months were normal in all 7 patients who were available for evaluation.
Conclusion Neonatal thoracoscopic repair of CDH and EA using CO2-pneumothorax leads to severe acidosis. Cerebral rSO2 remained within clinical acceptable limits during intraoperative periods of acidosis. Neurodevelopmental outcome was favorable within the first 24 months. The potential of NIRS to further improve perioperative care and long-term outcome in this specific patient group deserves further investigation.
Sagittal Abdominal Diameter does not Predict Metabolic Traits Better than Waist Circumference-Related Measures of Abdominal Obesity in Obese Subjects
Authors: Zazai Runa , Wilms Britta , Ernst Barbara , Keppler Rahel , Thurnheer Martin , Schmid Sebastian , Schultes Bernd 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background Recently, we showed that in subjects with a body mass index (BMI) >35 kg/m2 waist circumference (WC) is associated with metabolic traits but associations were weaker in men than in women.
Aims To confirm our previous observation that anthropometric measures of abdominal obesity are closer linked to metabolic traits in obese women than obese men. To test whether sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD) provides a better prediction of metabolic traits in obese subjects than WC related measures.
Methods SAD and WC along with metabolic traits were assessed in 204 women and 69 men (BMI 30.1–64.0 kg/m2).
Results In women, abdominal obesity measures were associated with glycated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c), fasting serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (Chol), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and uric acid levels as well as Chol/HDL ratio and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) independently of age and BMI. SAD predicted serum insulin and Chol better than WC, whereas WC was superior to SAD in predicting HbA1c, glucose, HOMA-IR, TG, HDL, Chol/HDL, and uric acid. Of note, the combination of SAD and WC provided a better prediction of insulin, HOMA-IR, TG, and uric acid than each of these anthropometric alone. In men, only fasting glucose, Chol, and uric acid levels were associated with abdominal obesity markers.
Conclusion Data show various associations between anthropometric measures of abdominal obesity and metabolic traits in obese women but overall much less in obese men. Most metabolic traits are better predicted by WC than by SAD.
Expression and Significance of MMPs in Synovial Fluid, Serum and PBMC Culture Supernatant Stimulated by LPS in Osteoarthritis Patients With or Without Diabetes
Authors: Luo Simin , Shi Qiping , Chen Junyuan , Wang Huajun , Wu Wenrui , Zha Zhengang 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Objective Patients with Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are prone to osteoarthritis (OA). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), an essential modulator in cartilage matrix homeostasis, increase in T2DM and OA. We aimed to ascertain the expression difference of MMPs and function in mononuclear cells after stimulating by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in OA patients with or without diabetes.
Methods 30 knee OA patients without T2DM (OA group), 20 knee OA patients with T2DM (DM-OA group) and 5 healthy volunteers recruited as control were enrolled from January 2016 to January 2017. The expression levels of MMPs in both serum and synovial fluid were initially detected in three groups by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) with LPS, the release of MMPs were determined and evaluated.
Results The expression of MMP-1, -7, -8, -9, -10 and -12 in synovial fluid in DM-OA group were significantly higher than in OA group and healthy control. The expression of MMP-1 and -7 in serum were highest in DM-OA group. LPS significantly promotes the production of MMP-1, -8, -9 and -10 in PBMC of each group after 4 h stimulation. It is worth to note that the LPS-stimulated MMP-8 and -9 elevations were more prominent in DM-OA group compared with their counterparts.
Conclusion High levels of MMP-1, -7, -8, -9, -10, and -12 in the synovial fluid might be one of important reasons that diabetes patients are more frequently suffered from OA. Inflammation-induced malfunction of mononuclear cells would stimulate MMP-8 and -9 secretion to various extents.
Unilateraler dekompensierender Strabismus sursoadductorius mit und ohne Hypotrophie des M. obliquus superior – orthoptische Unterscheidungsmerkmale im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Gusek-Schneider Gabriele-Charlotte , Kästle Nicola , Reil Franziska , Schürhoff Sabine , Engelhorn Tobias 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Das klinische Bild des dekompensierenden Strabismus sursoadductorius (dSSA) ist keine ätiologisch homogene Entität. Eine häufige unmittelbare Ursache des dSSA ist die Hypotrophie des M. obliquus superior (HMOS). In dieser Studie werden klinische Merkmale des dSSA mit und ohne HMOS verglichen.
Patienten und Methoden Es wurden 25 konsekutive Patienten im Alter von 14 – 69 Jahren (Median 43 Jahre) in die Studie eingeschlossen, 14 mit im 3-T-MRT erwiesener HMOS (Gruppe 1), 11 ohne HMOS (Gruppe 2). Die HMOS war definiert durch eine Minderung des mediolateralen (ML) Durchmessers und der anhand des ML sowie des kraniokaudalen (CC) Durchmessers errechneten Fläche = (ML · CC/4) · π auf der koronaren Schicht der größten Ausdehnung des betroffenen M. obliquus superior auf < 80% im Vergleich zum kontralateralen M. obliquus superior. Die Gruppen wurden bez. Kopfzwangshaltung (KZH), Zyklo- und Vertikaldeviationen und des Kopfneigephänomens verglichen. Die Patienten wurden in die Knapp-Klassifikation eingeteilt.
Ergebnisse Sowohl die Inzidenz einer KZH mit 14/14 vs. 5/11 (χ2 = 0,003) als auch deren Ausmaß mit 11,1 ± 4,5° vs. 3,2 ± 4,1° (p < 0,001) war in Gruppe 1 größer als in Gruppe 2, ebenso das Bielschowsky-Kopfneigephänomen mit 9,3 ± 4,3° bzw. 3,8 ± 4,9° (p = 0,008). Die Hypertropie war in Gruppe 1 größer als in Gruppe 2 in Adduktion: 16,7 ± 5,3° vs. 9,3 ± 3,4° (p < 0,001) und bei Abblick in Adduktion des betroffenen Auges: 14,6 ± 7,1 vs. 7,2 ± 3,7° (p = 0,03). In Gruppe 1 war die Zunahme der vertikalen Deviationen nur in der Sagittalebene größer als in Gruppe 2: 2,8 ± 7,8 vs. − 2,4 ± 4,2 (p = 0,04); die Exzyklodeviation war in Gruppe 1 in allen 3 Ebenen (Sagittalebene, Abduktion, Adduktion) größer als in Gruppe 2: 1,3 ± 4,1 vs. − 2,9 ± 2,8 (p = 0,006), 2,4 ± 5,2 vs. − 2,2 ± 2,9 (p = 0,01), 0,5 ± 3,8 vs. − 2,7 ± 3,9 (p = 0,05). Die Knapp-Klassifikation II lag bei 6 von 15 Patienten der Gruppe 1 vor und nur in dieser (χ2 = 0,03).
Schlussfolgerung In beiden Gruppen fand sich eine große Streuung der Vertikaldeviationen. Bei Patienten ohne HMOS überschritt die Vertikaldeviation in Adduktion nicht 15°. Patienten mit HMOS zeigen aufgrund der früh entwickelten Ausgleichsinnervation nicht das typische Bild einer später erworbenen Trochlearisparese. Eine Vertikaldeviation über 15° in Adduktion, Zunahme der Exzyklorotation im Abblick in allen 3 Ebenen und die Einordbarkeit in Typ II nach der Knapp-Klassifikation sind relativ zuverlässige Hinweise auf das Vorliegen einer HMOS. Ein international einheitlicher Begriff für diese Patientengruppe wie z. B. M.-obliquus-superior-Schwäche oder M.-obliquus-superior-Hypotrophie wäre erstrebenswert.
DyNetViewer: a Cytoscape app for dynamic network construction, analysis and visualization
Authors: Li Min , Yang Jie , Wu Fang-Xiang , Pan Yi , Wang Jianxin 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Summary
The molecular interactions in a cell are varying with time and surrounded environmental cues. The construction and analysis of dynamic molecular networks can elucidate dynamic cellular mechanisms of different biological functions and provide a chance to understand complex diseases at the systems level. Here, we develop DyNetViewer, a Cytoscape application that provides a range of functionalities for the construction, analysis and visualization of dynamic protein–protein interaction networks. The current version of DyNetViewer consists of four different dynamic network construction methods, twelve topological variation analysis methods and four clustering algorithms. Moreover, visualization of different topological variation of nodes and clusters over time enables users to quickly identify the most variations across many network states.

Availability and implementation
DyNetViewer is freely available with tutorials at the Cytoscape (3.4+) App Store (http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/dynetviewer).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Mustguseal: a server for multiple structure-guided sequence alignment of protein families
Authors: Suplatov Dmitry A , Kopylov Kirill E , Popova Nina N , Voevodin Vladimir V , Švedas Vytas K 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Comparative analysis of homologous proteins in a functionally diverse superfamily is a valuable tool at studying structure-function relationship, but represents a methodological challenge.

Results
The Mustguseal web-server can automatically build large structure-guided sequence alignments of functionally diverse protein families that include thousands of proteins basing on all available information about their structures and sequences in public databases. Superimposition of protein structures is implemented to compare evolutionarily distant relatives, whereas alignment of sequences is used to compare close homologues. The final alignment can be downloaded for a local use or operated on-line with the built-in interactive tools and further submitted to the integrated sister web-servers of Mustguseal to analyze conserved, subfamily-specific and co-evolving residues at studying a protein function and regulation, designing improved enzyme variants for practical applications and selective ligands to modulate functional properties of proteins.

Availability and implementation
Freely available on the web at https://biokinet.belozersky.msu.ru/mustguseal.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Analytic Continuation of Equivariant Distributions
Authors: Gourevitch Dmitry , Sahi Siddhartha , Sayag Eitan 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We establish a method for constructing equivariant distributions on smooth real algebraic varieties from equivariant distributions on Zariski open subsets. This is based on Bernstein’s theory of analytic continuation of holonomic distributions. We use this to construct H-equivariant functionals on principal series representations of G, where G is a real reductive group and H is an algebraic subgroup. We also deduce the existence of generalized Whittaker models for degenerate principal series representations. As a special case, this gives short proofs of existence of Whittaker models on principal series representations and of analytic continuation of standard intertwining operators. Finally, we extend our constructions to the p-adic case using a recent result of Hong and Sun.
Transcriptional Changes in Dorsal Spinal Cord Persist after Surgical Incision Despite Preemptive Analgesia with Peripheral Resiniferatoxin
Authors: Raithel Stephen J. , Sapio Matthew R. , LaPaglia Danielle M. , Iadarola Michael J. , Mannes Andrew J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
Peripheral nociceptors expressing the ion channel transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1, play an important role in mediating postoperative pain. Signaling from these nociceptors in the peri- and postoperative period can lead to plastic changes in the spinal cord and, when controlled, can yield analgesia. The transcriptomic changes in the dorsal spinal cord after surgery, and potential coupling to transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1–positive nociceptor signaling, remain poorly studied.

Methods
Resiniferatoxin was injected subcutaneously into rat hind paw several minutes before surgical incision to inactivate transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1–positive nerve terminals. The effects of resiniferatoxin on postincisional measures of pain were assessed through postoperative day 10 (n = 51). Transcriptomic changes in the dorsal spinal cord, with and without peripheral transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily V, member 1–positive nerve terminal inactivation, were assessed by RNA sequencing (n = 22).

Results
Peripherally administered resiniferatoxin increased thermal withdrawal latency by at least twofold through postoperative day 4, increased mechanical withdrawal threshold by at least sevenfold through postoperative day 2, and decreased guarding score by 90% relative to vehicle control (P < 0.05). Surgical incision induced 70 genes in the dorsal horn, and these changes were specific to the ipsilateral dorsal horn. Gene induction with surgical incision persisted despite robust analgesia from resiniferatoxin pretreatment. Many of the genes induced were related to microglial activation, such as Cd11b and Iba1.

Conclusions
A single subcutaneous injection of resiniferatoxin before incision attenuated both evoked and nonevoked measures of postoperative pain. Surgical incision induced transcriptomic changes in the dorsal horn that persisted despite analgesia with resiniferatoxin, suggesting that postsurgical pain signals can be blocked without preventing transcription changes in the dorsal horn.
RETINAL ARTERY OCCLUSION AFTER INTRAVASCULAR PROCEDURES
Authors: Cho Soo Chang , Jung Cheolkyu , Lee Joo Yong , Kim Sang Jin , Park Kyu Hyung , Woo Se Joon 
Published: December 2017

Purpose:
To evaluate clinical characteristics and possible mechanisms of retinal artery occlusion (RAO) after intravascular procedures.

Methods:
This study is retrospective case series and literature review. Twenty-seven patients with intravascular procedure–associated RAO (10 new patients and 17 from previous reports) were divided into Groups 1 and 2 according to assumed etiology—dislodged and new emboli, respectively. Clinical features and etiology of RAO were analyzed.

Results:
Branch and central RAO were observed in 17 (63%) and 10 (37%) patients, respectively, and 61.1% of patients exhibited final BCVA ≥20/40. Intravascular procedures were performed at the carotid artery (48.1%), heart (25.9%), carotid artery or heart (3.7%), brain (11.1%), scalp/glabella (7.4%), and thyroid (3.7%). Ratio of patients with immediate and delayed (≥24 hours after procedure) onset of RAO was 17 (63.0%):10 (37.0%). In Group 1 (n = 16), RAO was associated with dislodged plaques in the carotid artery (9; 56.3%), heart (6; 37.5%), or carotid artery/heart (1; 6.3%), and one patient each experienced acute brain infarction and contralateral branch retinal artery occlusion. In group 2 (n = 11), RAO was associated with new thrombi (6; 54.5%) or emboli (5; 45.5%), and one patient experienced ocular pain, ophthalmoplegia, and blepharoptosis.

Conclusion:
Intravascular procedures might result in RAO because of embolic plaques dislodged from the carotid artery or heart, or new thrombi or embolic materials migrating through collateral channels. Branch retinal artery occlusion was more frequent than central retinal artery occlusion after intravascular procedures, which resulted in relatively good visual outcomes. Patients should be informed about immediate or delayed presentation of RAO after intravascular procedures.