bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduction of Varicose Vein Recurrence by Use of Postoperative Compression Stockings
Authors: Travers J. P. , Makin G. S. 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: To assess the ability of compression stockings to reduce the postoperative recurrence of varicose veins after surgery and to assess patient compliance. Design: Prospective randomized trial with follow-up to 1 year after surgery. Patients: Sixty-nine patients presenting for varicose vein surgery. Interventions: Interview for stocking compliance postoperatively with clinical and Doppler assessment of recurrence at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months postoperatively. Main outcome measures: Recurrence of varicosities and patient compliance. Results: 39% of patients allocated stockings were either lost to follow-up or abandoned their use after 3 months; 11% declined the stockings on presentation. By 1 year postoperatively, only 6% in the stocking group had recurrent varicose veins compared with 71% in the control group (no stockings). Conclusion: Despite an early, relatively high noncompliance rate, external compression hosiery significantly reduced postoperative recurrence of varicose veins.
Neutrophil Activation in Experimental Venous Hypertension
Authors: Shields D. A. , Andaz S. , Abeysinghe R. D. , Porter J. B. , Scurr J. H. , Smith P. D. Coleridge 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To investigate the white cell trapping hypothesis of venous ulceration by measuring plasma lactoferrin as a marker of neutrophil degranulation in normal volunteers in two experimental models of venous hypertension. Design: A prospective study of volunteers with no history or clinical evidence of venous disease. Setting: The Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory, Mortimer Street, London WIN 8AA, UK. Patients: Volunteers within the Middlesex Hospital Vascular Laboratory with no history or clinical findings of venous or arterial disease, no other systemic disease, on no medication known to alter white cell activity, and with no recent infection. Interventions: Venous blood was taken from cannulae in both feet and the right arm for a neutrophil count and Plasma lactoferrin, measured using an ELISA, during application of a tourniquet to 80 mmHG for 30 min to the right leg while supine, 5 min after release of tourniquet, and then during a 30 min period of standing. Results: During application of a tourniquet to the right leg there was a significant rise in plasma lactoferrin and in lactoferrin corrected for the neutrophil count ( p < 0.05, Wilcoxon). In the unoccluded leg, although Plasma lactoferrin rose, this was not significant when corrected for the rise in neutrophil count. After standing for 30 min, the lactoferrin and neutrophil count increased in all three limbs; corrected lactoferrin showed a significant increase in the legs ( p < 0.02), though not in the arm. Conclusion: Increased neutrolphil degranulation occurs during periods of short-term venous hypertension in normal volunteers, in keeping with the white cell trapping hypothesis.
Perforation-Invagination (PIN) Stripping of the Long Saphenous Vein Reduces Thigh Haematoma Formation in Varicose Vein Surgery
Authors: Kent P. J. , Maughan J. , Burniston M. , Nicholas T. , Parkin A. , Robinson P. J. 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To compare the extent of thigh haematoma formation after perforation-invagination (PIN) stripping with that occurring after standard plication stripping of the long saphenous vein. Design: Prospective, within-case, randomised study with analysis on an intention-to-treat basis. Setting: The radioisotope department of a university teaching hospital. Patients: Fourteen patients undergoing bilateral varicose vein surgery. Interventions: Red blood cell labelling in vivo with 99Tcm. Preoperative imaging of the long saphenous vein using a gamma camera. Randomisation of one leg to PIN stripping and the other to standard stripping of the long saphenous vein to the knee. Patients were reimaged 6 h postoperatively. Main outcome measures: The extent of thigh haematoma formation. Results: There was no significant difference with respect to the severity of varicosities in the long saphenous vein in the thigh between the limbs assigned to each group ( n = 11) on the preoperative images ( T = 25, 0.5> p>0.1, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Thigh haematoma in the limbs that had undergone PIN stripping of the long saphenous vein was significantly less than that in the limbs that had undergone standard stripping (T = 10, 0.05> p>0.01, Wilcoxon signed rank test). Conclusion: PIN stripping of the long saphenous vein results in significantly decreased haematoma formation compared with standard stripping.
Echoanatomical Patterns of the Long Saphenous Vein in Patients with Primary Varices and in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Ricci S. , Caggiati A. 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To evaluate the pathway of reflux in incompetent long saphenous veins (LSVs), paying particular attention to the role of longitudinal saphenous tributaries in the thigh (accessory saphenous veins, ASVs). Design: Prospective study in a group of patients with primary varices. Comparison with the anatomical patterns in a group of normal subjects. Setting: Private phlebology practice. Patients: Sixty-seven patients with primary varices (100 limbs) and 66 subjects without varices and with competent saphenous veins (120 limbs). Methods: Duplex ultrasound evaluation of the saphenous system in the thigh of patients and healthy subjects. The ‘eye’ ultrasonographic sign was used as the marker to distinguish the LSV from the longitudinal tributary veins of the thigh. Results: In 57% of limbs in patients with varices, reflux followed the saphenous vein, while in 43% the reflux spilled outside the LSV into an ASV (h or S types). When reflux followed the saphenous vein, no large calibre ASVs could be observed. In 30% of limbs in control subjects a parallel tributary vein with a similar calibre was found joining the LSV. Conclusion: Clinically visible varices in the thigh rarely comprise the LSV itself, but are usually dilated ASVs, the reflux stream passing from the proximal LSV into a more superficial ASV. The distal LSV running parallel beneath is often competent. In subjects with healthy LSVs, a large competent tributary vein is already present in the thigh in 30% of cases. This suggests that superficial deviation of reflux flow into an ASV in patients with varices may not arise from haemodynamically acquired changes, but could have a congenital origin. This could even be a predisposing factor in the development of varices.
Clinical Significance of Corona Phlebectatica Associated with Varicose Veins
Authors: Hirai M. 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of corona phlebectatica. Design: Clinical and plethysmographic evaluation of corona phlebectatica associated with primary varicose veins. Setting: Department of Surgery, Aichi Prefectural College of Nursing, Nagoya, Japan. Main outcome measures: In 411 limbs with greater saphenous incompetence, including 101 with skin changes and 310 without skin changes, clinical analysis and plethysmographic evaluation using the photoplethysmographic technique were carried out. Results: In 204 of 411 limbs, corona phlebectatica was observed, including 75 coloured red and 129 coloured blue. Blue coronas were observed significantly more often then red coronas in limbs with skin changes. The half refilling time in limbs with skin changes was significantly shorter than that in limbs without skin changes. In limbs without skin changes, limbs with blue coronas showed a significantly shortened half refilling time than those with red coronas. Conclusions: Blue coronas are a strong indicator of the presence of prolonged venous hypertension in varicose veins.
Meso-Inositol Hexanicotinate Induced Protection against Experimental Anoxia and Oedema
Authors: Rosner J , Legros J , Khalili-Varaste H 
Published: January 2017

It is shown that Meso-Inositol Hexanicotinate (MIHN; Hexopal) inhibits experimentally induced oedema of the paw in rats and that mice exposed to hypoxic atmospheres (4% oxygen) show significant increase in survival time if pre-dosed with MIHN. The protection against oedema and hypoxia conferred by MIHN in experimental animals may well be related to the mode of action of the substance in man, and particularly could explain the usefulness of MIHN in the treatment of cerebral and peripheral atherosclerosis.
A Double Blind Cross over Study of Ibuprofen, Metiazinic Acid, Aspirin and a Placebo in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Hadidi T , Asar D K , Esmat A 
Published: January 2017

In a double-blind cross-over study the analgesic and anti-inflammatory action of ibuprofen 1600 mg/day in cases of rheumatoid arthritis has been compared with aspirin 4 g/day, metiazinic acid 1 .5 g/day and a placebo, lactose. Each compound was administered in identical capsules and in a totally randomised order to all patients studied. Assessment of the articular index, grip strength, knee score, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and subjective improvement was made before and after one week's treatment with each drug. In the doses used in this trial, the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of metiazinic acid in rheumatoid arthritis, was found to be approximately equipotent to that of aspirin, while ibuprofen seemed to be slightly more potent and to cause fewer side-effects.
A Comparative Trial of Insidon and Stelazine in the Treatment of Anxiety
Authors: Waxman David , Beaumont George 
Published: January 2017

Opipramol (Insidon, Geigy) is an iminostilbene derivative belonging to the dibenzazepine group with a nucleus similar to that of imipramine and has been regarded principally as anti-depressant in its action, but its perphenazine like side chain suggests that it might have additional anxiolytic properties. In a double-blind comparison of opipramol and trifluoperazine the symptom ‘anxiety’ was found to be statistically more improved in the opipramol group of patients.
Anxiety in Psychiatric Hospital Out-Patient Practice: A Report of a Monitored Release Study
Authors: Forrest W A 
Published: January 2017

In a psychiatric hospital out-patient multicentre study, 300 patients with moderate anxiety of considerable duration were treated with benzoctamine 10 mg tid for three weeks. During this treatment period symptomatic improvement was observed, measured by an observer rating scale and a self-rating scale. In this group of patients benzoctamine was well tolerated, 72% of the patients reporting no side effects.
Drug Profile: Benoral
Authors: Murphy J Eric 
Published: January 2017

Benorylate, an esterification product of paracetamol and acetylsalicylic acid is indicated in the treatment of rheumatoid and osteo-arthritis, other painful conditions and febrile states. In animals benorylate’ has been shown to be of low toxicity and only has teratogenic activity at high doses. Gastric effects are less severe than occur with aspirin. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic effects have been demonstrated in animal models. Benorylate is well absorbed and metabolised to paracetamol and aspirin producing higher steady state levels than that with paracetamol alone. In man the half life is about one hour. Clinically, benorylate has been shown to be comparable with aspirin in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteo-arthritis and other painful conditions. It shows better gastric tolerance than aspirin and is less likely to produce gastro-intestinal bleeding. A prolonged anti-pyretic effect has been demonstrated.
Tobramycin: Toxicological and Pharmacological Studies in Animals and Pharmacokinetic Research in Patients with Varying Degrees of Renal Impairment
Authors: de Rosa F , Buoncristiani U , Capitanucci P , Frongillo R F 
Published: January 2017

Pharmacological investigations with tobramycin have been conducted in animals and in man. In the experimental animal, tobramycin showed lower acute toxicity and lower nephrotoxicity than gentamicin. Moreover, the antibiotic did not cause any significant systemic effects and was rapidly absorbed in the blood and excreted in the urine. The pharmacokinetic evaluation of tobramycin was undertaken in patients with varying degrees of reduced renal function. The influence of peritoneal and extracorporeal dialysis on the removal of the antibiotic from the serum of patients with terminal renal failure was examined. Possible tobramycin treatment schedules for patients with varying degrees of reduced renal function are briefly discussed.
Butacote and Brufen in the Treatment of Rheumatic Diseases. A Multi-Centre Study of Effectiveness and Tolerability
Authors: Regalado R G , Fowler P D 
Published: January 2017

A multi-centre double-blind trial in general practice compared Butacote (enteric-coated phenylbutazone) 300 mg daily, Brufen (ibuprofen) 1200 mg daily, and a placebo in the treatment of rheumatic conditions. Each patient received two of the three treatments for one month each. Twenty-nine doctors admitted 193 patients. 168 patients (sixty-four with inflammatory polyarthritis, and sixty-three with osteoarthrosis) completed the study, which showed that Butacote was significantly better than both Brufen and placebo for the relief of pain and morning stiffness, and improvement of function. Butacote was significantly preferred to both Brufen and placebo by patients and doctors, to placebo by the patients. Brufen was significantly better than placebo for relief of morning stiffness and for reducing the amount of supplementary analgesics. All three preparations were well tolerated and showed a similar incidence of gastric side-effects. It is concluded from this study that Butacote is more effective and as well tolerated as Brufen in the treatment of rheumatic conditions in general practice.
Experience with a New Semisynthetic Penicillin (Epicillin) in the Treatment of Beta-Haemolytic Streptococcal Pharyngitis and Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Authors: Mogabgab William J 
Published: January 2017

Epicillin was used to treat 114 patients with beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis and pneumococcal pneumonia. Most patients were treated with 1 g epicillin per day and at this dosage, the response was graded as excellent in forty cases ( 35·1%), good in sixty-seven cases (58·8%), and fair in seven cases ( 6·1%). There were no poor results in this study. Side-effects, predominantly gastro-intestinal, were mild and infrequent. None required discontinuance of therapy.
A Double-Blind Study of Symmetrel (Amantadine Hydrochloride) in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Merry R T G , Galbraith A W 
Published: January 2017

A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of Symmetrel for five months in Parkinson's Disease was performed. Using a daily living ability rating scale, a significant improvement amongst the less severely affected patients and a highly significant improvement of the severely affected patients receiving the drug was observed. The improvement of both groups was maintained for the duration of the study.
Cyproterone Acetate for Male Hypersexuality
Authors: Davies T S 
Published: January 2017

The efficacy of cyproterone acetate in the treatment of sexual overactivity has been assessed in fifty male patients over a period of five years. Homosexual activity was reduced in its intensity but not in its direction. Masturbation was diminished in subnormal and chronic schizophrenic patients and there was a social improvement in elderly men guilty of sexual misbehaviour. Two sado-masochists showed greater clinical improvement when cyproterone acetate was added to psychotherapy than occurred with the latter therapy alone. Physical aggression exhibited by two subnormal patients which was resistant to conventional therapy, responded dramatically to cyproterone acetate administration. There were no significant side-effects.
A Pilot Open Trial of Dexamisole (R 12. 563) in Retarded Depression: Preliminary Results
Authors: Bobon J , Bobon D P , Bourdouxhe S , Pinchard A 
Published: January 2017

Dexamisole is the dextro-isomer of tetramisole, a well-known anthelmintic drug, which in clinical pilot trials was found to have promising psycho-pharmacological properties. Dexamisole was administered to eighteen in-patients, suffering from neurotic or endogenous retarded depression, after a two to four day washout period. The trial lasted two to three weeks. No adjunctive therapy was given, except amobarbital. The results of the Hamilton rating scale, of the AMP somatic scale and of von Zerssen's self-rating scale indicate that dexamisole, at a mean dosage of 50 mg three times a day, significantly improves mood and psychotonicity, within four days in some 40% of the cases.
The Physiological Origins of Affective Disorders: A Hypothetical Synthesis
Authors: O'Flanagan P M 
Published: January 2017

This paper attempts to establish that affective illnesses are disorders involving the whole body, that mood change is not the primary symptom and that the cause may be a biochemical fault, temporary or permanent, genetically transmitted or acquired. It is the author's belief that this fault lies in the adenyl cyclase system. The belief is based upon observations made during an extended study of the treatment of affective disorders with clomipramine infusion (O'Flanagan 1973).
Analgesic Effect of Fortral (Pentazocine) in Acute Intermittent Porphyria
Authors: Rudowski Witold , Gregor Anita , Kostrzewska Ewa , Kocylowski Maciej , Zienkiewicz Konrad 
Published: January 2017

Five patients, all suffering severe abdominal pain in acute intermittent porphyria, were admitted to an investigation of the analgesic effect of Fortral (pentazocine) in this condition. A single dose of Fortral was given daily to each patient at the time of severe abdominal pain and an attempt was made to use the smallest possible dose to achieve an analgesic effect. The analgesic effect produced was considered good in two cases and excellent in the remaining three cases. Pain ceased or decreased to a great extent within ten to twenty minutes of administration of Fortral. The drug appeared to act as rapidly when given orally as when given by intramuscular injection. The analgesic effect persisted from two to six hours, with an average of four hours. In the doses of 50 mg three patients demonstrated side-effects which could be avoided by dividing the single dose into smaller ones.
Single Oral Dose of Ampicillin-Probenicid as Gonorrhoea Treatment: Antibiotic Levels in Urethral Exudate
Authors: de Barros J Martins , de Menezes Jairo P , Ximenes Jose 
Published: January 2017

Sixty male patients aged between sixteen and thirty years suffering from acute gonococcal urethritis in whom a urethral exudate had been present from one to thirty-nine days participated in this study here described. Each patient was given one single oral dose of ampicillin-probenicid and follow-up examinations were carried out before the end of the fifth day, between the eighth and twelfth days, and in many cases also between the fifteenth and twentieth days post-dose. In fifty-eight of the sixty cases urethral exudate disappeared and cultures were negative within ten to forty-eight hours after dosing; thus demonstrating a 96·7% cure rate. This form of single oral dose treatment for gonorrhoea, apart from proving extremely effective, was highly acceptable to all of the patients admitted to this study and produced no side-effects.
Patient Acceptability of Two Diuretic/Potassium Supplement Preparations
Authors: Bennion-Pedley J , Donald J F , Gould C H G , Lomas D M , Postlethwaite D L , Rivlin R 
Published: January 2017

In a random crossover study in general practice, sixty patients with heart failure were given one week's maintenance treatment with the recommended dosage of Burinex K or Lasix + K. Burinex K appeared to be easier to swallow than the supplement tablets of Lasix + K although the differences were not significant. Patients showed a highly significant preference to take two tablets on one occasion ( Burinex K) rather than two different types of tablet on three separate occasions ( Lasix + K). Despite pharmacological arguments in favour of simultaneous versus separate administration of potassium supplement and diuretic, patient acceptability is of over-riding importance in the long-term.
Antidepressant Treatment with Maprotiline* in the Management of Emotional Disturbances in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Controlled Study
Authors: Selvini A , Rossi C , Belli C , Corallo S , Lucchelli P E 
Published: January 2017

In coronary artery disease the patients usually manifest both anxiety and depression disturbances. A controlled clinical study was conducted to test the efficacy of a new antidepressant agent, maprotiline, in the early stages of acute myocardial infarction. The sample consisted of 126 patients, sixty-three receiving orally 25 mg of maprotiline twice daily and the remainder 5 mg of diazepam twice daily. Treatment lasted on an average two weeks ( ten days to eight weeks). The depressive and/or anxiety conditions were rated on the basis of a questionnaire administered before and after treatment. Depression improved markedly in patients receiving maprotiline, while the two drugs developed a comparable anxiolytic action. Tolerability was good. No clinical or ECG evidence of cardiotoxic signs was detected. The importance of a drug with these characteristics in the management of emotional disturbances in the early stages of coronary artery disease is emphasized.
Neonatal Jaundice—A Comparison between Intravenous Oxytocin and Oral Prostaglandin E2
Authors: Conway D I , Read M D , Bauer C , Martin R H 
Published: January 2017

The total serum bilirubin levels at two and occasionally five days after birth were studied in 162 infants whose mothers received either intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin E2 during labour, and the results were compared with those obtained in forty-two control patients. Following labour of spontaneous onset, whether the mother received intravenous oxytocin or oral Prostaglandin E2, neonatal total serum bilirubin levels were not different from those in controls. After induction by amniotomy and an active agent, higher mean total serum bilirubin levels were found in infants whose mothers received intravenous oxytocin than in those given oral Prostaglandin E2; a significant rise in the total serum bilirubin level appeared to occur when mothers received a total of more than 12,000 milliunits of oxytocin or more than 4,000 milliunits per kg birthweight of the infant.