bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF HIGH‐DENSITY RESISTIVITY METHOD IN DETECTING WATER‐BEARING STRUCTURES AT A SEABED GOLD MINE
Authors: Feng‐Shan MA , Qing‐Yun DI , Ke‐Peng LI , Chang‐Min FU , Shan‐Fei WANG , Wei LI 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe water in the overlying rock of seabed gold mine directly threats the exploitation safety. The strike drift at −135 m level of the Xinli mine district of Sanshandao gold mine in Shandong province, was selected to be the applicable site for high‐density resistivity method, which was used to detect water‐bearing structures in the surrounding rock 200 meters below a measuring line of 635 m long. Three DC devices including Wenner, Dipole‐Dipole, and Schlumberger were implemented in the selected drift respectively, authenticated each other and collected good detections. The apparent resistivity inversion results of these devices give the consistent conclusion that three different resistive layers exist under the strike drift. The rock mass of 30 m thick under the level of −135 m is a high resistivity layer, which indicates no or little water in the rock mass between the levels of −135 m and −165 m. The rock mass ranging from 30 m to 60 m in depth under the level −135 m has low resistivity and bears fracture water. And a very high resistivity layer deeper than 60 m under the −135 m indicates that the aquosity of the rock mass under −200 m progressively decreases. These detection results show good agreement with the conclusions of field hydrogeology surveys and hydrological structure analyses and that high‐density resistivity method is feasible for uncovering water‐bearing structures in drift.
HIGH PRECISION LOCATION OF MICRO‐SEISMIC SOURCE IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINE
Authors: Jiu‐Long CHENG , Guang‐Dong SONG , Tong‐Yu LIU , Bin‐Xin HU , Ji‐Qiang WANG , Jin‐Yu WANG 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAccurate location of micro‐seismic source in underground coal mine is of great significance for monitoring and early warning of dynamic disaster. Micro‐seismic source information is generally extracted through inversion of the data acquired by the underground sensors. The installation of the sensors is limited around underground roadway. The unreasonable arrangement of sensors along the roadway will greatly decrease the precision of the seismic location. As for the ill‐posed problems caused by the inversion for source location with sensor‐received information, high precision location algorithm of micro‐seismic source based on the arrangement optimization of monitoring points is presented in this paper. Firstly, the ill‐posed problems are judged by calculating the coefficient matrix condition numbers. The ill‐posed matrix is then pretreated by centralization and row balance jointly. The regularization parameters of pretreated matrix A and b are calculated by the L‐curve method. The seismic source coordinates regularization solution is obtained via Tikhonov regularization algorithm. The research shows that the matrix magnitude is decreased hugely with centralization method, ill‐posed condition numbers are reduced with row balance pretreatment. The minimum seismic source coordinate error of Tikhonov regularization solution after the pretreatment is 3.09 m which has been greatly decreased compared to the error by Gaussian elimination solution before the pretreatment. High precision seismic source location is realized in limited space of underground roadway by the above optimization processing.
Metal‐Free Oxidative Decarboxylative Acylation/Ring Expansion of Vinylcyclobutanols with α‐Keto Acids by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Jin‐Jiang , Cheng Yuan‐Bo , Duan Xin‐Hua 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA metal‐free visible‐light‐mediated decarboxylative acylation/ring expansion of vinylcyclobutanols with α‐keto acids has been developed. Hypervalent iodine reagent was found to be important for promoting decarboxylation of α‐keto acids in this tandem radical process. This protocol has been successfully applied to synthesis of a variety of substituted 1,4‐dicarbonyl compounds and tolerated some functional groups well.
Nested case‐control study designs for left‐truncated survival data
Authors: Best Ana F. , Wolfson David B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe determination of risk factors for disease incidence has been the subject of much epidemiologic research. With this goal a common study design entails the follow‐up of an initially disease‐free cohort, keeping track of the dates of disease incidence (onset) and ascertaining covariate (putative risk factor) information on the full cohort. However, the collection of certain covariate information on all study subjects may be prohibitively expensive and, therefore, the nested case‐control study has commonly been used. The high cost of full covariate information on all subjects also arises when determining risk factors for “failure,” death say, “following” disease onset, in particular, in a prevalent cohort study with follow‐up; in such a study a cohort of subjects with existing disease is followed. We here adapt nested case‐control designs to the setting of a prevalent cohort study with follow‐up, a topic previously not addressed in the literature. We provide the partial likelihood under risk set sampling and state the asymptotic properties of the estimated covariate effects and baseline cumulative hazard. We address the following design questions in the context of prevalent cohort studies with follow‐up: How many subjects should be included in the sampled risk sets for efficient estimation? In what way is the proportion of censored subjects associated with the benefit of a nested case‐control design? What proportion of overall variance is attributable to risk set sampling? This work is motivated by the anticipated analysis of data on survival with Parkinson's Disease, being collected as part of the ongoing Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 45: 4–28; 2017 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Identification of the sexually dimorphic gastrin‐releasing peptide system in the lumbosacral spinal cord that controls male reproductive function in the mouse and Asian house musk shrew (Suncus murinus)
Authors: Tamura Kei , Kobayashi Yasuhisa , Hirooka Asuka , Takanami Keiko , Oti Takumi , Jogahara Takamichi , Oda Sen‐ichi , Sakamoto Tatsuya , Sakamoto Hirotaka 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSeveral regions of the brain and spinal cord control male reproductive function. We previously demonstrated that the gastrin‐releasing peptide (GRP) system, located in the lumbosacral spinal cord of rats, controls spinal centers to promote penile reflexes during male copulatory behavior. However, little information exists on the male‐specific spinal GRP system in animals other than rats. The objective of this study was to examine the functional generality of the spinal GRP system in mammals using the Asian house musk shrew (Suncus murinus; suncus named as the laboratory strain), a specialized placental mammal model. Mice are also used for a representative model of small laboratory animals. We first isolated complementary DNA encoding GRP in suncus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that suncus preproGRP was clustered to an independent branch. Reverse transcription‐PCR showed that GRP and its receptor mRNAs were both expressed in the lumbar spinal cord of suncus and mice. Immunohistochemistry for GRP demonstrated that the sexually dimorphic GRP system and male‐specific expression/distribution patterns of GRP in the lumbosacral spinal cord in suncus are similar to those of mice. In suncus, we further found that most GRP‐expressing neurons in males also express androgen receptors, suggesting that this male‐dominant system in suncus is also androgen‐dependent. Taken together, these results indicate that the sexually dimorphic spinal GRP system exists not only in mice but also in suncus, suggesting that this system is a conserved property in mammals. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1586–1598, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Ultraviolet 320 nm laser excitation for flow cytometry
Authors: Telford William , Stickland Lynn , Koschorreck Marco 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlthough multiple lasers and high‐dimensional analysis capability are now standard on advanced flow cytometers, ultraviolet (UV) lasers (usually 325–365 nm) remain an uncommon excitation source for cytometry. This is primarily due to their cost, and the small number of applications that require this wavelength. The development of the Brilliant Ultraviolet (BUV fluorochromes, however, has increased the importance of this formerly niche excitation wavelength. Historically, UV excitation was usually provided by water‐cooled argon‐ and krypton‐ion lasers. Modern flow cytometers primary rely on diode pumped solid state lasers emitting at 355 nm. While useful for all UV‐excited applications, DPSS UV lasers are still large by modern solid state laser standards, and remain very expensive. Smaller and cheaper near UV laser diodes (NUVLDs) emitting at 375 nm make adequate substitutes for 355 nm sources in many situations, but do not work as well with very short wavelength probes like the fluorescent calcium chelator indo‐1. In this study, we evaluate a newly available UV 320 nm laser for flow cytometry. While shorter in wavelength that conventional UV lasers, 320 is close to the 325 nm helium‐cadmium wavelength used in the past on early benchtop cytometers. A UV 320 nm laser was found to excite almost all Brilliant Ultraviolet dyes to nearly the same level as 355 nm sources. Both 320 nm and 355 nm sources worked equally well for Hoechst and DyeCycle Violet side population analysis of stem cells in mouse hematopoetic tissue. The shorter wavelength UV source also showed excellent excitation of indo‐1, a probe that is not compatible with NUVLD 375 nm sources. In summary, a 320 nm laser module made a suitable substitute for conventional 355 nm sources. This laser technology is available in a smaller form factor than current 355 nm units, making it useful for small cytometers with space constraints. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Imaging of dense cell cultures by multiwavelength lens‐free video microscopy
Authors: Allier C. , Morel S. , Vincent R. , Ghenim L. , Navarro F. , Menneteau M. , Bordy T. , Hervé L. , Cioni O. , Gidrol X. , Usson Y. , Dinten J.‐M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThey present results for lens‐free microscopy for the imaging of dense cell culture. With this aim, they use a multiwavelength LED illumination with well separated wavelengths, together with the implementation of an appropriate holographic reconstruction algorithm. This allows for a fast and efficient reconstruction of the phase image of densely packed cells (up to 700 cells/mm2) over a large field of view of 29.4 mm2. Combined with the compactness of the system which fits altogether inside an incubator, lens‐free microscopy becomes a unique tool to monitor cell cultures over several days. The high contrast phase shift images provide robust cell segmentation and tracking, and enable high throughput monitoring of individual cell dimensions, dry mass, and motility. They tested the multiwavelength lens‐free video‐microscope over a broad range of cell lines, including mesenchymal, endothelial, and epithelial cells. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Assortative mating by colored ornaments in blue tits: space and time matter
Authors: Fargevieille Amélie , Grégoire Arnaud , Charmantier Anne , del Rey Granado Maria , Doutrelant Claire 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAssortative mating is a potential outcome of sexual selection, and estimating its level is important to better understand local adaptation and underlying trait evolution. However, assortative mating studies frequently base their conclusions on small numbers of individuals sampled over short periods of time and limited spatial scales even though spatiotemporal variation is common. Here, we characterized assortative mating patterns over 10 years in four populations of the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus), a passerine bird. We focused on two plumage ornaments—the blue crown and the yellow breast patch. Based on data for 1,657 pairs of birds, we found large interannual variation: assortative mating varied from positive to negative. To determine whether there was nonetheless a general trend in the data, we ran a within‐study meta‐analysis. It revealed that assortative mating was moderately positive for both ornaments. It also showed that mating patterns differed among populations and especially between two neighboring populations that displayed phenotypic divergence. Our results therefore underscore that long‐term studies are needed to draw broad conclusions about mating patterns in natural populations. They also call for studying the potential role of assortative mating in local adaptation and evolution of ornaments in both sexes.
Intransitivity is infrequent and fails to promote annual plant coexistence without pairwise niche differences
Authors: Godoy Oscar , Stouffer Daniel B. , Kraft Nathan J. B. , Levine Jonathan M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntransitive competition is often projected to be a widespread mechanism of species coexistence in ecological communities. However, it is unknown how much of the coexistence we observe in nature results from this mechanism when species interactions are also stabilized by pairwise niche differences. We combined field‐parameterized models of competition among 18 annual plant species with tools from network theory to quantify the prevalence of intransitive competitive relationships. We then analyzed the predicted outcome of competitive interactions with and without pairwise niche differences. Intransitive competition was found for just 15–19% of the 816 possible triplets, and this mechanism was never sufficient to stabilize the coexistence of the triplet when the pair‐wise niche differences between competitors were removed. Of the transitive and intransitive triplets, only four were predicted to coexist and these were more similar in multidimensional trait space defined by 11 functional traits than non‐coexisting triplets. Our results argue that intransitive competition may be less frequent than recently posed, and that even when it does operate, pairwise niche differences may be key to possible coexistence.
Two centuries of masting data for European beech and Norway spruce across the European continent
Authors: Ascoli Davide , Maringer Janet , Hacket‐Pain Andy , Conedera Marco , Drobyshev Igor , Motta Renzo , Cirolli Mara , Kantorowicz Władysław , Zang Christian , Schueler Silvio , Croisé Luc , Piussi Pietro , Berretti Roberta , Palaghianu Ciprian , Westergren Marjana , Lageard Jonathan G. A. , Burkart Anton , Gehrig Bichsel Regula , Thomas Peter A. , Beudert Burkhard , Övergaard Rolf , Vacchiano Giorgio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTree masting is one of the most intensively studied ecological processes. It affects nutrient fluxes of trees, regeneration dynamics in forests, animal population densities, and ultimately influences ecosystem services. Despite a large volume of research focused on masting, its evolutionary ecology, spatial and temporal variability, and environmental drivers are still matter of debate. Understanding the proximate and ultimate causes of masting at broad spatial and temporal scales will enable us to predict tree reproductive strategies and their response to changing environment. Here we provide broad spatial (distribution range‐wide) and temporal (century) masting data for the two main masting tree species in Europe, European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst.). We collected masting data from a total of 359 sources through an extensive literature review and from unpublished surveys. The data set has a total of 1,747 series and 18,348 yearly observations from 28 countries and covering a time span of years 1677–2016 and 1791–2016 for beech and spruce, respectively. For each record, the following information is available: identification code; species; year of observation; proxy of masting (flower, pollen, fruit, seed, dendrochronological reconstructions); statistical data type (ordinal, continuous); data value; unit of measurement (only in case of continuous data); geographical location (country, Nomenclature of Units for Territorial Statistics NUTS‐1 level, municipality, coordinates); first and last record year and related length; type of data source (field survey, peer reviewed scientific literature, gray literature, personal observation); source identification code; date when data were added to the database; comments. To provide a ready‐to‐use masting index we harmonized ordinal data into five classes. Furthermore, we computed an additional field where continuous series with length >4 yr where converted into a five classes ordinal index. To our knowledge, this is the most comprehensive published database on species‐specific masting behavior. It is useful to study spatial and temporal patterns of masting and its proximate and ultimate causes, to refine studies based on tree‐ring chronologies, to understand dynamics of animal species and pests vectored by these animals affecting human health, and it may serve as calibration–validation data for dynamic forest models.
Cerebellar lobules and dentate nuclei mirror cortical force‐related‐BOLD responses: Beyond all (linear) expectations
Authors: Alahmadi Adnan A.S , Pardini Matteo , Samson Rebecca S. , Friston Karl J. , Toosy Ahmed T. , D'Angelo Egidio , Gandini Wheeler‐Kingshott Claudia A.M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe relationship between the BOLD response and an applied force was quantified in the cerebellum using a power grip task. To investigate whether the cerebellum responds in an on/off way to motor demands or contributes to motor responses in a parametric fashion, similarly to the cortex, five grip force levels were investigated under visual feedback. Functional MRI data were acquired in 13 healthy volunteers and their responses were analyzed using a cerebellum‐optimized pipeline. This allowed us to evaluate, within the cerebellum, voxelwise linear and non‐linear associations between cerebellar activations and forces. We showed extensive non‐linear activations (with a parametric design), covering the anterior and posterior lobes of the cerebellum with a BOLD‐force relationship that is region‐dependent. Linear responses were mainly located in the anterior lobe, similarly to the cortex, where linear responses are localized in M1. Complex responses were localized in the posterior lobe, reflecting its key role in attention and executive processing, required during visually guided movement. Given the highly organized responses in the cerebellar cortex, a key question is whether deep cerebellar nuclei show similar parametric effects. We found positive correlations with force in the ipsilateral dentate nucleus and negative correlations on the contralateral side, suggesting a somatotopic organization of the dentate nucleus in line with cerebellar and cortical areas. Our results confirm that there is cerebellar organization involving all grey matter structures that reflect functional segregation in the cortex, where cerebellar lobules and dentate nuclei contribute to complex motor tasks with different BOLD response profiles in relation to the forces. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2566–2579, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Increased intrinsic brain connectivity between pons and somatosensory cortex during attacks of migraine with aura
Authors: Hougaard Anders , Amin Faisal Mohammad , Larsson Henrik B.W. , Rostrup Egill , Ashina Messoud 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe neurological disturbances of migraine aura are caused by transient cortical dysfunction due to waves of spreading depolarization that disrupt neuronal signaling. The effects of these cortical events on intrinsic brain connectivity during attacks of migraine aura have not previously been investigated. Studies of spontaneous migraine attacks are notoriously challenging due to their unpredictable nature and patient discomfort. We investigated 16 migraine patients with visual aura during attacks and in the attack‐free state using resting state fMRI. We applied a hypothesis‐driven seed‐based approach focusing on cortical visual areas and areas involved in migraine pain, and a data‐driven independent component analysis approach to detect changes in intrinsic brain signaling during attacks. In addition, we performed the analyses after mirroring the MRI data according to the side of perceived aura symptoms. We found a marked increase in connectivity during attacks between the left pons and the left primary somatosensory cortex including the head and face somatotopic areas (peak voxel: P = 0.0096, (x, y, z) = (−54, −32, 32), corresponding well with the majority of patients reporting right‐sided pain. For aura‐side normalized data, we found increased connectivity during attacks between visual area V5 and the lower middle frontal gyrus in the symptomatic hemisphere (peak voxel: P = 0.0194, (x, y, z) = (40, 40, 12). The present study provides evidence of altered intrinsic brain connectivity during attacks of migraine with aura, which may reflect consequences of cortical spreading depression, suggesting a link between aura and headache mechanisms. Hum Brain Mapp 38:2635–2642, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of simulated metastatic lesions on the biomechanical behavior of the proximal femur
Authors: Benca Emir , Reisinger Andreas , Patsch Janina M. , Hirtler Lena , Synek Alexander , Stenicka Sandra , Windhager Reinhard , Mayr Winfried , Pahr Dieter H. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTPathologic fractures of femora in patients with metastatic cancer are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Prediction of impending fractures is based on unspecific clinical criteria or past clinician's experience, which leads to underestimation or overtreatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the site of metastatic lesions on biomechanical behavior of the proximal femur. Sixteen pairs of human femora were scanned with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) to asses bone mineral density. One femur of each pair remained intact while a defined lesion was reamed out in either the superolateral or inferomedial portion of the femoral neck of the contralateral femur. All femora were loaded in a mechanical test setup mimicking one‐legged stance and stiffness, failure load, and fracture location were determined. In the biomechanical experiments the superolateral lesion and the inferomedial lesion caused a stiffness reduction of 19% and 66%, respectively. The average failure load was 40% and 75% lower for specimens with the superolateral (4.53 ± 1.56 kN) and inferomedial (1.89 ± 1.73 kN) lesions, respectively, compared to intact specimens (7.66 ± 3.34 kN). Lesions in the femoral neck led to reduction in both stiffness and failure load of the proximal femur. Furthermore, the site of the lesion had a large effect on the magnitude of the reduction in biomechanical properties. The presented data emphasize the importance of differentiating between locations of the lesion in pathologic fracture prediction of the metastatic femur and underline the insufficient accuracy of current predictive guidelines. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2407–2414, 2017.