bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production Metrics To Predict Long-Term Performance of Unconventional Wells
Authors: Carpenter Chris 
Published: July 2017

This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper SPE 184817, “Optimal Production Metric To Predict Unconventional Wells’ Long-Term Performance,” by Edward Ifejika, Bertrand De Cumont, and Nommie Kashani, Total, prepared for the 2017 SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition, The Woodlands, Texas, USA, 24–26 January. The paper has not been peer reviewed.
In unconventional plays, comparing the effect of different completion designs or well-management strategies on well performance remains a challenge because of the relatively brief production history and lack of long-term field analogs of these plays. This study examines various production durations as potential candidates for reliable indicators of well quality. The results show that predictions of midterm performance begin to be reliable only near 180 days of cumulative well production. This study used actual daily production data to confirm that 30- and 90-day initial production are not correlated strongly to well actual performance in the 2-year range.
Introduction
It has been a common practice to quantify performance of unconventional wells through their 30-day initial production for purposes of information for the media and in investor presentations. The authors’ experience has been that the 30-day initial production often does not necessarily quantify a well’s potential. The goal of this study is to compare various production-duration periods to identify which can most accurately forecast longer-term production. This study tests different production durations by use of actual well-production history from the Utica play in Ohio, USA. The term “IP-nnn” in the paper refers to a specific number of days of nonzero production for the well; for example, “wellhead gas IP-30” refers to the total volume of the first 30 days of nonzero wellhead gas production for the well, whereas “condensate IP-90” refers to the total volume of the first 90 days of nonzero condensate production for the well.
Study Description and Assumptions
A data set of 676 unconventional producing wells for the Utica play was used to conduct this study. The authors began the study with several assumptions based on anecdotal observations from the early days of production in the play, with the goal of eventually using this data set to test the accuracy of their assumptions, which were as follows:
30-day wellhead gas production is a poor predictor of long-term gas production.
90-day wellhead gas production is a more-accurate predictor of long-term production than is 30-day gas production.
180-day gas production is not significantly better than 90-day gas production as a predictor of long-term gas.
360-day gas production and 720-day gas production are equivalent as gas-production-quality indicators.
Correlations of 30-, 90-, and 180-day condensate production to long-term condensate production are significantly poorer than the equivalent for gas production.
Technology Focus: CO2 Applications (July 2017)
Authors: Kokal Sunil 
Published: July 2017

Technology Focus
Carbon dioxide (CO2) continues to garner a lot of media and technical attention—both good and bad. I want to look at the global big picture of CO2, more specifically its uses and applications.
Global emissions of CO2 resulting from the use of fossil fuels amount to approximately 35 billion tons per year. How much of this can we capture? How much can we store or sequester? And, perhaps the most important question: How much will it cost and who will pay?
It is the last question that needs some attention and discussion. Anyone conversant with CO2 will quickly tell you that pure sequestration will be difficult and challenging because there are no revenues. It is an area that all mankind should work on. In the short term, carbon capture and storage (CCS) has to be CCUS where the “U” stands for “usage.”
So what are some of the current uses of CO2? They include
CO2 for enhanced oil and gas recovery
Commercial use in the fertilizer, polymer, beverage, and liquid-fuel industries
Biological-activity enhancement
Mineralization or permanent sequestration in cements
How much of the emitted man-made CO2 can be used with these applications? It is only a very small fraction—by some estimates less than 1%.
Another point to note is that, among these highlighted uses, CO2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is by far the most dominant application. We should all play our part in addressing and reducing the challenges associated with the current applications and, most importantly, in developing cost-effective new CO2 use and sequestration technologies. Sequestration of CO2 poses significant challenges. Each and every one of us is obligated to do our small part in ensuring that we address these challenges to the benefit of mankind. Some of the papers that follow address these challenges through demonstration projects. SPE is perfectly placed in terms of providing best practices and a platform for sharing the development and deployment of these innovative technologies.
Recommended additional reading at OnePetro: www.onepetro.org.
IPTC 18843 Galvanizing Stakeholder Support for CSS by W. Maas, Shell, et al.
SPE 185033 Permanently Sequester Anthropogenic CO2—Through Hydraulic Fracturing by M.M. Reynolds, Ferus, et al.
SPE/AFRC 2572863 Innovations in Carbon Dioxide Capture and Sequestration for Operations, Engineering, and Technology by Simiyu E. Lilian, Kenyatta University, et al.
First Report of the Carolina Spiral Nematode, Scutellonema brachyurus, from Soil of a Garden in Crete, Greece
Authors: Tzortzakakis Emmanuel A. , Cantalapiedra-Navarrete Carolina , Archidona-Yuste Antonio , Palomares-Rius Juan E. , Castillo Pablo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Members of the genus Scutellonema can cause substantial crop losses to ornamental and cultivated plants directly by feeding ectoparasitically on plant roots (Bridge et al., 2005; Coyne et al., 2006). In May 2015, a soil sample from a house garden from Heraklion city in Crete, Greece, was sent for diagnosis of plant-parasitic nematodes. In this place, there had been cactus (Opuntia sp.) plants (probably imported), which were uprooted 3 to 4 years earlier. After that, the area was cropped with cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) in spring–summer and leaf vegetables such as spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) in autumn–winter. The soil was collected 1 mon after the end of chicory crop. A population density (ca. 30 individuals/100 cm3 of soil) of spiral nematodes (Scutellonema sp.) was found by extracting soil with the wet sieving and decanting method (Cobb, 1918). Morphological and molecular analyses of females identified the species as Scutellonema brachyurus (Steiner, 1938) Andrássy, 1958. The morphology of females was characterized by a hemispherical lip region with four to six annuli, morphometric data for 12 females were L, 640 to 760 μm; a, 24.6 to 30.6; b, 5.8 to 7.4; c, 69.1 to 99.3; ć0.5 to 0.6; stylet, 24.5 to 27.5 μm with an terior part shorter than posterior; and spermatheca nonfunctional and male absent. The morphology agreed with the description of S. brachyurus (van den Berg et al., 2013).Alignment indicated that the D2-D3 and ITS sequences (KU059494 and KU059495, respectively) showed 99% and 100% to 99% similarity, respectively, to other sequences of S. brachyurus (type A) deposited in GenBank from the United States, Italy, and Korea (JX472037-JX472046, DQ328753, FJ485643; and JX472069, JX472070, JX472071, respectively), differing from one to six nucleotides. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian inference of these sequences placed the Scutellonema sp. in a highly supported (100%) clade that included all S. brachyurus (type A) sequences deposited in GenBank (van den Berg et al., 2013). All identification methods were consistent with S. brachyurus. To our knowledge, this is the first report of S. brachyurus for Greece. As the cucumbers and the leaf vegetables cultivated in the area were seed planted, we consider that the nematode originated most probably from the cactus plants which had been previously root ball planted. Scutellonema brachyurus may represent a threat for ornamental and cultivated plants production in Crete, Greece. The nematode has been already reported, mainly in greenhouses of six European countries (CABI and EPPO, 2006). In most of these cases, it is hypothesized that the nematode was introduced by imported plant material.
Oscheius tipulae in Italy: Evidence of an Alien Isolate in the Integral Natural Reserve of Montecristo Island (Tuscany)
Authors: Torrini Giulia , Mazza Giuseppe , Strangi Agostino , Barabaschi Delfina , Landi Silvia , Mori Emiliano , Menchetti Mattia , Sposimo Paolo , Giuliani Claudia , Zoccola Antonio , Lazzaro Lorenzo , Ferretti Giulio , Foggi Bruno , Roversi Pio Federico 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Montecristo Island is an integral natural reserve of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park (Central Italy), characterized by a peculiar assemblage of flora and fauna, with several endemic taxa, and also with a high number of alien species. During a soil survey, we found an alien Oscheius tipulae Lam & Webster, 1971 isolate, phylogenetically close to others from South America. In this article, we examined the possible pathways of introduction of this nematode. Because of the high number of alien plants in this protected area and the low desiccation survival ability of O. tipulae, we hypothesized that the presence of this alien nematode isolate may be related to the soil of introduced plants, although historical association with plant-associated invertebrates is also possible. Further studies with more populations and marker molecules are necessary to investigate the distribution of O. tipulae and the possible impact on this natural reserve.
Reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita Race 3 on Flue-cured Tobacco Homozygous for Rk1 and/or Rk2 Resistance Genes
Authors: Pollok Jill R. , Johnson Charles S. , Eisenback J. D. , Reed T. david 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Most commercial tobacco cultivars possess the Rk1 resistance gene to races 1 and 3 of Meloidogyne incognita and race 1 of Meloidogyne arenaria, which has caused a shift in population prevalence in Virginia tobacco fields toward other species and races. A number of cultivars now also possess the Rk2 gene for root-knot resistance. Experiments were conducted in 2013 to 2014 to examine whether possessing both Rk1 and Rk2 increases resistance to a variant of M. incognita race 3 compared to either gene alone. Greenhouse trials were arranged in a completely randomized design with Coker 371-Gold (C371G; susceptible), NC 95 and SC 72 (Rk1Rk1), T-15-1-1 (Rk2Rk2), and STNCB-2-28 and NOD 8 (Rk1Rk1 and Rk2Rk2). Each plant was inoculated with 5,000 root-knot nematode eggs; data were collected 60 d postinoculation. Percent galling and numbers of egg masses and eggs were counted, the latter being used to calculate the reproductive index on each host. Despite variability, entries with both Rk1 and Rk2 conferred greater resistance to a variant of M. incognita race 3 than plants with Rk1 or Rk2 alone. Entries with Rk1 alone were successful in reducing root galling and nematode reproduction compared to the susceptible control. Entry T-15-1-1 did not reduce galling compared to the susceptible control but often suppressed reproduction.
First Report of Heterorhabditis amazonensis from Venezuela and Characterization of Three Populations
Authors: Morales Naiyulin , Morales-Montero Patricia , Puza Vladimir , San-Blas Ernesto 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
During a survey in western Venezuela in 2011, three new populations of Heterorhabditis amazonensis (LPV08l, LPV156, and LPV498) were isolated. Some differences were found in terms of morphometry compared with the original description; however, the distance from the anterior end to the excretory pore is the most variable character; significantly shorter in all infective juveniles and in other developmental stages depending on the population. According to a Principal Component Analysis, LPV498 possesses more differences in morphometric characteristics and can be separated from the other two. Those intraspecific differences could be attributed to the geographic origin of the nematode. Molecular studies of iTs regions demonstrated that the sequences of the Venezuelan strains were identical to those of the type species originally isolated in the Brazilian Amazonian forest. This is an interesting fact because in several studies on heterorhabditids, intraspecific variability has been recorded. Herein, we present the first report of H. amazonensis in Venezuela and the characterization of three populations of this species.
Curative Control of the Peachtree Borer Using Entomopathogenic Nematodes
Authors: Shapiro-Ilan David I. , Cottrell Ted E. , Mizell Russell F. , Horton Dan L. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The peachtree borer, Synanthedon exitiosa (Say 1823), is a major pest of stone fruit trees in North America. Current management relies upon preventative control using broad-spectrum chemical insecticides, primarily chlorpyrifos, applied in the late summer or early fall. However, due to missed applications, poor application timing, or other factors, high levels of S. exitiosa infestation may still occur and persist through the following spring. Curative treatments applied in the spring to established infestations would limit damage to the tree and prevent the next generation of S. exitiosa from emerging within the orchard. However, such curative measures for control of S. exitiosa do not exist. Our objective was to measure the efficacy of the entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema carpocapsae, as a curative control for existing infestations of S. exitiosa. In peach orchards, spring applications of S. carpocapsae (obtained from a commercial source) were made to infested trees and compared with chlorpyrifos and a water-only control in 2014 and 2015. Additionally, types of spray equipment were compared: nematodes were applied via boom sprayer, handgun, or trunk sprayer. To control for effects of application method or nematode source, in vivo laboratory-grown S. carpocapsae, applied using a watering can, was also included. Treatment effects were assessed 39 d (2014) or 19 d (2015) later by measuring percentage of trees still infested, and also number of surviving S. exitiosa larvae per tree. Results indicated that S. carpocapsae provided significant curative control (e.g., >80% corrected control for the handgun application). In contrast, chlorpyrifos failed to reduce S. exitiosa infestations or number of surviving larvae. In most comparisons, no effect of nematode application method was detected; in one assessment, only the handgun and watering can methods reduced infestation. In conclusion, our study indicates that S. carpocapsae may be used as an effective curative measure for S. exitiosa infestations.
Effect of Application Timing of Oxamyl in Nonbearing Raspberry for Pratylenchus penetrans Management
Authors: Zasada Inga A. , Walters Thomas W. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In 2012, theWashington raspberry (Rubus idaeus) industry received a special local needs (SLN) 24(c) label to apply Vydate L® (active ingredient oxamyl) to nonbearing raspberry for the management of Pratylenchus penetrans. This is a new use pattern of this nematicide for raspberry growers; therefore, research was conducted to identify the optimum spring application timing of oxamyl for the suppression of P. penetrans. Three on-farm trials in each of 2012 and 2013 were established in Washington in newly planted raspberry trials on a range of varieties. Oxamyl was applied twice in April (2013 only), May, and June, and these treatments were compared to each other as well as a nontreated control. Population densities of P. penetrans were determined in the fall and spring postoxamyl applications for at least 1.5 years. Plant vigor was also evaluated in the trials. Combined results from 2012 and 2013 trials indicated that application timing in the spring was not critical. Oxamyl application reduced root P. penetrans population densities in all six trials. Reductions in P. penetrans population densities in roots of oxamyl-treated plants, regardless of application timing, ranged from 62%to 99%of densities in nontreated controls. Phytotoxicity to newly planted raspberry was never observed in any of the trials. A nonbearing application of oxamyl is an important addition to current control methods used to manage P. penetrans in raspberry in Washington.
New Cyst Nematode, Heterodera sojae n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Soybean in Korea
Authors: Kang Heonil , Eun Geun , Ha Jihye , Kim Yongchul , Park Namsook , Kim Donggeun , Choi Insoo 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Anew soybean cyst nematode Heterodera sojae n. sp. was found from the roots of soybean plants in Korea. Cysts of H. sojae n. sp. appeared more round, shining, and darker than that of H. glycines. Morphologically, H. sojae n. sp. differed from H. glycines by fenestra length (23.5–54.2 μm vs. 30–70 μm),vulval silt length (9.0–24.4 μm vs. 43–60 μm), tail length of J2 (54.3–74.8 μm vs. 40–61 μm),and hyaline part of J2 (32.6–46.3 μm vs. 20–30 μm). It is distinguished from H. elachista by larger cyst (513.4–778.3 μm × 343.4– 567.1 μm vs. 350–560 μm × 250– 450 μm) and longer stylet length of J2 (23.8–25.3 μm vs. 17–19 μm). Molecular analysis of rRNA large subunit (LSU) D2–D3 segments and ITS gene sequence shows that H. sojae n. sp. is more close to rice cyst nematode H. elachista than H. glycines. Heterodera sojae n.sp. was widely distributed in Korea. It was found from soybean fields of all three provinces sampled.
Oscheius microvilli n. sp. (Nematoda: Rhabditidae): A Facultatively Pathogenic Nematode from Chongming Island, China
Authors: Zhou Guixin , Yang Huan , Wang Feng , Bao Haoran , Wang Guoxiang , Hou Xianglong , Lin Jian , Yedid Gabriel , Zhang Keyun 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
A new species, Oscheius microvilli n. sp., was found on Chongming Island (Shanghai, China). The new species is morphologically similar to the type strain of Oscheius myriophilus, but can be distinguished from it and other species of Oscheius on the basis of unique morphological characteristics of the bursa as well as male papillae. In this new species, the male bursal papillar formula is 2, 1, 3, 3 with everted tips in the first, fifth, and seventh pairs. The bursal rim is jagged, joins together anterior to the spicules, and is partially extended and decorated with microvilli. The spicules are incompletely separated, and the tail does not extend beyond the bursa. Phylogenetic trees of 18S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer indicate that the new species belongs to the insectivora group of the genus Oscheius; it is most closely related to O. myriophilus, and the two species can be distinguished on the basis of their different body length, morphological features of the bursa, and molecular data. The new species is facultatively associated with a bacterial strain of Serratia. The LC50 of this novel nematode against Galleria mellonella was 69.1 dauer juveniles per milliliter after 48 hr of infection.
First Report and Comparative Study of Steinernema surkhetense (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) and its Symbiont Bacteria from Subcontinental India
Authors: Bhat Aashiq Hussain , Istkhar  , Chaubey Ashok Kumar , Puža Vladimir , San-Blas Ernesto 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Two populations (CS19 and CS20) of entomopathogenic nematodes were isolated from the soils of vegetable fields from Bijnor district, india. Based on morphological, morphometrical, and molecular studies, the nematodes were identified as Steinernema surkhetense. This work represents the first report of this species in india. The infective juveniles (iJs) showed morphometrical and morphological differences, with the original description based on longer iJs size. The iJs of the indian isolates possess six ridges in their lateral field instead of eight reported in the original description. The analysis of iTs-rDNA sequences revealed nucleotide differences at 345, 608, and 920 positions in aligned data. No difference was observed in D2-D3 domain. The S. surkhetense Coi gene was studied for the first time as well as the molecular characterization of their Xenorhabdus symbiont using the sequences of recA and gyrB genes revealing Xenorhabdus stockiae as its symbiont. These data, together with the finding of X. stockiae, suggest that this bacterium is widespread among south Asian nematodes from the ‘‘carpocapsae’’ group. Virulence of both isolates was tested on Spodoptera litura. The strain Cs19 was capable to kill the larvae with 31.78 iJs at 72 hr, whereas Cs20 needed 67.7 iJs.
The Draft Genome of Globodera ellingtonae
Authors: Phillips Wendy S. , Howe Dana K. , Brown Amanda M. V. , Akker Sebastian Eves-Van Den , Dettwyler Levi , Peetz Amy B. , Denver Dee R. , Zasada Inga A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Globodera ellingtonae is a newly described potato cyst nematode (PCN) found in Idaho, Oregon, and Argentina. Here, we present a genome assembly for G. ellingtonae, a relative of the quarantine nematodes G. pallida and G. rostochiensis, produced using data from Illumina and Pacific Biosciences DNA sequencing technologies.
Methyl Bromide Alternatives for Control of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) in Tomato Production in Florida
Authors: Desaeger Johan , Dickson Donald W. , Locascio S. J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The following work was initiated to determine the scope of application methodology and fumigant combinations for increasing efficacy of 1,3-dichloropropene (1,3-D) and metam sodium for management of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Florida. A series of five experiments were set up during spring and fall seasons to evaluate the potential of different fumigants, alone or in combination, in polyethylene film tomato production. The most promising chemical alternatives to methyl bromide, in terms of root-knot nematode management, were the combinations 1,3-D-chloropicrin, chloropicrin-proprietary solvent, and 1,3-D-metam sodium. Sprayed or injected metam sodium generally provided only short-term nematode management and by harvest nematode infection was not different from the nontreated control. Drip-applied metam sodium gave good nematode management under high nematode pressure, but needs further verification to establish (i) the importance of soil moisture and temperature on treatment efficacy and (ii) whether similar management can be obtained with fewer than three drip tubes. Broadcast applications of 1,3-D showed better efficacy as compared to applications on a preformed raised bed. Fumigation did not increase tomato yields in spring when root-knot nematode pressure was low, but during fall all chemical treatments increased yields three to five-fold, as root-knot nematode was a major yield-limiting factor.