bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical aspect of naval crews combat stress
Authors: Żychlińska Małgorzata , Żychliński Michał , Siermontowski Piotr 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Stress among naval mariners is caused by a new environment in the form of climate, noise, defective food, diseases or injuries, and others. Stress is aggravated by the lack of information, conflicts between mariners, changing decisions of superiors. The strongest stressor military action is the fear of losing life or health.
The stress leads to disturbances in the neuronal transmission and reduction in CNS cells, weakening the processes of neurogenesis. Its complications are a social problem for soldiers returning from humanitarian and military missions and their families.
Mariners cope with stress individually in the area of operations of the armed forces. When difficult situations overwhelm the possibility of compensating psyche, there are algorithms for psychological support. The basis for coping with stress is permanent, social support. The next level concerns support group sessions, involving soldiers after a traumatic event or completing a task. Sessions take place in a quiet place, after the cessation of activities. We are talking about defusing and debriefing technique. The highest level of coping with stress refers to psychotherapy. At first, in the field conditions, and then in the form of hospitalization in the country. Clinical forms of combat stress is post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress syndrome, personality change as a result of the disaster experience, dissociative disorders, operational fatigue, DESNOS. The treatment of these disorders involves cognitive behavioral oriented trauma therapy and medical therapy with the use of SSRIs, SNRIs, and antipsychotics.
In the twenty-first century a inquiry into combat stress creates a tight prevention of its complications.
The diving mouthpiece and the conditions of the temporomandibular joints. Preliminary study
Authors: Walczyńska – Dragon Karolina , Walczyńska Janina , Siermontowski Piotr 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The article presents the results of research on the effects of a long-term exposure to non-physiological location of anatomical elements of the masticatory organ in the course of diving. The said exposure is connected with the utilisation of various types of diving mouthpieces.
The study was conducted on 186 professional divers manifesting various conditions occurring immediately upon diving completion and connected with the temporomandibular joints and muscles lifting the mandible. The most frequently reported pain affected the areas of cervical spine and shoulder ring, earache and reflex pain, an exhausting gritting of teeth.
Inter-speaker variation, Optimality theory, and the prosody of clitic left-dislocations in Spanish
Authors: Feldhausen Ingo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper presents an empirical study on the prosody of clitic left-dislocations (CLLDs) in Spanish and offers new perspectives on how the phenomenon of inter-speaker variation in linguistic data can be integrated into formal grammatical theory. Results from a production experiment based on scripted speech show that CLLDs have an obligatory left and right boundary (typically a high edge tone at the intermediate phrase level), while other sentence-internal boundaries are subject to inter-speaker variation. The hypothesis presented here suggests that prosodic boundaries which mark information structural (IS) categories are more necessary than boundaries which satisfy alignment constraints; only the latter can show inter-speaker variation (
Neutron Activation Analysis of the Rare Earth Elements (REE) – With Emphasis on Geological Materials
Authors: Stosch Heinz-Günter 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Neutron activation analysis (NAA) has been the analytical method of choice for rare earth element (REE) analysis from the early 1960s through the 1980s. At that time, irradiation facilitieswere widely available and fairly easily accessible. The development of high-resolution gamma-ray detectors in the mid-1960s eliminated, formany applications, the need for chemical separation of the REE from the matrix material, making NAA a reliable and effective analytical tool. While not as precise as isotopedilution mass spectrometry, NAA was competitive by being sensitive for the analysis of about half of the rare earths (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb, Lu). The development of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry since the 1980s, together with decommissioning of research reactors and the lack of installation of new ones in Europe and North America has led to the rapid decline of NAA.
Electrochemical aptasensors for detection of small molecules, macromolecules, and cells
Authors: Han Kun , Liu Tao , Wang Yuanhong , Miao Peng 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Aptamers are a kind of special nucleic acids that have the ability to bind various targets (e.g. small molecules, macromolecules, and cells) with high affinity and specificity. As a type of efficient recognition component in analytical designs and applications, aptamers have gained intense achievements in the designs of biosensors. Especially, the past few years have witnessed the fast development of electrochemical aptasensors. In this mini-review, we summarize recent progresses in electrochemical biosensors based on aptamers. Different targets and the corresponding detection principles are introduced. The methods to enhance detectable signals are mentioned including the employment of nanomaterials. Also, some possible limitations and future perspectives are discussed.
Supercritical water gasification: a patents review
Authors: Casademont Pau , García-Jarana M. Belén , Sánchez-Oneto Jezabel , Portela Juan Ramón , Martínez de la Ossa Enrique J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSupercritical water gasification (SCWG) is a very recent technology that allows conversion of organic wastewaters into a fuel gas with a high content of hydrogen and light hydrocarbons. SCWG involves the treatment of organic compounds at conditions higher than those that define the critical point of water (temperature of 374°C and pressure of 221 bar). This hydrothermal process, normally operated at temperatures from 400 to 650°C and pressures from 250 to 350 bar, produces a gas effluent with a high hydrogen content. SCWG is considered a promising technology for the efficient conversion of organic wastewaters, mainly wet biomass, into fuel gas. This technology has received extensive worldwide attention, and many research groups have studied the effect of operation conditions, reaction mechanisms, kinetics, etc. There are some recent reviews about the research works carried out in the last decades, but there is no information or analysis of almost 100 patents registered in relation with this new technology. A revision of the current status of SCWG patents and technologies has been completed based on the Espacenet patent database. The objective of this revision was to set down the new perspectives toward the improvement of this technology efficiency. Patents have been published with regard to process or device improvements as well as to the use of different catalysts. More than 71% of these patents were published since 2009, and a substantial climb in the number of patents on SCWG is expected in the coming years. One of the most important aspects where research is particularly interesting if the integration of renewable energy recovery systems with SCWG processes.
On thermodynamic equilibrium of carbon deposition from gaseous C-H-O mixtures: updating for nanotubes
Authors: Jaworski Zdzisław , Zakrzewska Barbara , Pianko-Oprych Paulina 
Published: August 2016

AbstractExtensive literature information on experimental thermodynamic data and theoretical analysis for depositing carbon in various crystallographic forms is examined, and a new three-phase diagram for carbon is proposed. The published methods of quantitative description of gas-solid carbon equilibrium conditions are critically evaluated for filamentous carbon. The standard chemical potential values are accepted only for purified single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT). Series of C-H-O ternary diagrams are constructed with plots of boundary lines for carbon deposition either as graphite or nanotubes. The lines are computed for nine temperature levels from 200°C to 1000°C and for the total pressure of 1 bar and 10 bar. The diagram for graphite and 1 bar fully conforms to that in (Sasaki K, Teraoka Y. Equilibria in fuel cell gases II. The C-H-O ternary diagrams. J Electrochem Soc 2003b, 150: A885–A888). Allowing for CNTs in carbon deposition leads to significant lowering of the critical carbon content in the reformates in temperatures from 500°C upward with maximum shifting up the deposition boundary O/C values by about 17% and 28%, respectively, at 1 and 10 bar.
An update on a few permanent conjectures
Authors: Zhang Fuzhen 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
We review and update on a few conjectures concerning matrix permanent that are easily stated,
understood, and accessible to general math audience. They are: Soules permanent-on-top conjecture†, Lieb
permanent dominance conjecture, Bapat and Sunder conjecture† on Hadamard product and diagonal entries,
Chollet conjecture on Hadamard product, Marcus conjecture on permanent of permanents, and several
other conjectures. Some of these conjectures are recently settled; some are still open.We also raise a few new
questions for future study. (†conjectures have been recently settled negatively.)
A density-functional theory approach to the existence and stability of molybdenum and tungsten sesquioxide polymorphs
Authors: Becker Nils , Reimann Christoph , Weber Dominik , Lüdtke Tobias , Lerch Martin , Bredow Thomas , Dronskowski Richard 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The sesquioxides of molybdenum and tungsten have been reported as thin films or on surfaces as early as 1971, but the preparation of bulk materials and their crystal structures are still unknown up to the present day. We present a systematic ab initio approach to their possible syntheses and crystal structures applying complementary methods and basis-set types. For both compounds, the corundum structure is the most stable and does not display any imaginary frequencies. Calculations targeted at a high-pressure synthesis starting from the stable oxides and metals predict a reaction pressure of 15 GPa for Mo2O3 and over 60 GPa for W2O3.
Isolation and Characterization of Herbicide Resistant Mutants in the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus R2
Authors: Hirschberg Joseph , Ohad Nir , Pecker Iris , Rahat Ana 
Published: August 2016

Department of Genetics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Jerusalem. A variety of mutants which are resistant to triazine - and urea - classes of herbicides have been isolated in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus R2.
All the mutants that have been analyzed, show some cross-resistance to different herbicides suggesting that these herbicides share a common binding site in photosystem II.
Three psbA genes have been identified in Synechococcus R2. The psbA-copy I gene was cloned from three mutants and used in DNA-mediated genetic transformation. It was found that in all three mutants this gene could transfer the mutation for herbicide resistance indicating that this gene codes for the herbicide resistant protein.
Chemical Control of Photorespiration: Steady-State Kinetic and Conformational Changes of Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate Carboxylase/ Oxygenase Obtained with O-p-Nitrophenylhydroxylamine
Authors: Van Assche C. J. , Reinier N. , Courtiade B. , Chancel A. , Huber S. 
Published: August 2016

Spinach RuBP carboxylase-oxygenase (Rubisco) purified from the commercially available enzyme, underwent kinetic changes when micromolar concentrations of O-p-nitrophenylhy-droxvlamine (NPHA) were applied on fully activated enzyme. Under steady-state conditions, a decrease of Km CO2 was observed without changes in Vmax. Double reciprocal plots showed a competitive stimulation of carboxylase function. The substrate specificity factor k = Vc Ko/Vo Kc was increased from approximatively 15-20% upon treatment with NPHA, using both parallel and simultaneous determinations of RuBP-carboxylase and oxygenase activities.
Such a limited change in partition between Rubisco functions actually resulted into an increase in CO2 fixation of intact soybeans leaves treated with NPHA. arising from a substantial alleviation of O2-inhibition of photosynthesis.
From spectrophotometric and sulfhydryl group titration data, evidence was accumulated for a conformational change of the native enzyme, induced by NPHA. bringing about an increased ratio of carboxylase to oxygenase activities. Direct interaction of NPHA with a cysteine residue of Rubisco near the catalytic site, appears as a candidate for such chemically-induced conformational modification.
"Epicuticular Waxes" from Exine Material of Pine Pollen
Authors: Niester Christiane , Gülz Paul-Gerhard , Wiermann Rolf 
Published: August 2016

“Epicuticular waxes” from pine pollen and from pollen wings have been investigated. Various hydrocarbons, aldehydes, wax esters, free fatty acids and primary alcohols in the form of homologous series were identified. A noteworthy observation was the presence of a large number of unsaturated fatty acids.
Although there were quantitative differences between the waxes from whole pollen and pollen wings, the distribution patterns of chain lengths of the individual compounds were very similar. It is demonstrated unequivocally, through the use of pollen wing material, that the waxes are components of the exine.
It is postulated that the pollen waxes provide an additional effective mechanism for protection against the effects of the physical and chemical environment.
SABRE Hyperpolarization of Bipyridine Stabilized Ir-Complex at High, Low and Ultralow Magnetic Fields
Authors: Pravdivtsev Andrey N. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
A strong limitation of nuclear magnetic resonance is its low inherent sensitivity that can be overcome by using an appropriate hyperpolarization technique. Presently, dynamic nuclear polarization and spin-exchange optical pumping are the only hyperpolarization techniques that are used in applied medicine. However, both are relatively complex in use and expensive. Here we present a modification of the signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) hyperpolarization method – SABRE on stabilized Ir-complexes. A stabilized Ir-complex (here we used bipyridine for stabilization) can be hyperpolarized in a wide range of magnetic fields from a few μT upto 10 T with 15N polarization of about 1–3%. Moreover, the investigated complex can be incorporated into biomolecules or other bulky molecules; in this situation exchange with para-hydrogen will allow one to continuously generate hyperpolarization.
Multi-Frequency Pulsed Overhauser DNP at 1.2 Tesla
Authors: Schöps Philipp , Spindler Philipp E. , Prisner Thomas F. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) is a methodology to increase the sensitivity of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It relies on the transfer of the electron spin polarization from a radical to coupled nuclear spins, driven by microwave excitation resonant with the electron spin transitions. In this work we explore the potential of pulsed multi-frequency microwave excitation in liquids. Here, the relevant DNP mechanism is the Overhauser effect. The experiments were performed with TEMPOL radicals in aqueous solution at room temperature using a Q-band frequency (1.2 T) electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer combined with a Minispec NMR spectrometer. A fast arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) enabled the generation of multi-frequency pulses used to either sequentially or simultaneously excite all three 14N-hyperfine lines of the nitroxide radical. The multi-frequency excitation resulted in a doubling of the observed DNP enhancements compared to single-frequency microwave excitation. Q-band free induction decay (FID) signals of TEMPOL were measured as a function of the excitation pulse length allowing the efficiency of the electron spin manipulation by the microwave pulses to be extracted. Based on this knowledge we could quantitatively model our pulsed DNP enhancements at 1.2 T by numerical solution of the Bloch equations, including electron spin relaxation and experimental parameters. Our results are in good agreement with theoretical predictions. Whereas for a narrow and homogeneous single EPR line continuous wave excitation leads to more efficient DNP enhancements compared to pulsed excitation for the same amount of averaged microwave power. The situation is different for radicals with several hyperfine lines or in the presence of inhomogeneous line broadening. In such cases pulsed single/multi-frequency excitation can lead to larger DNP enhancements.
Relationship Between Internal Load Indicators and Changes on Intermittent Performance After the Preseason in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Campos-Vazquez Miguel A. , Toscano-Bendala Francisco J. , Mora-Ferrera José C. , Suarez-Arrones Luis J. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Campos-Vazquez, MA, Toscano-Bendala, FJ, Mora-Ferrera, JC, and Suarez-Arrones, LJ. Relationship between internal load indicators and changes on intermittent performance after the preseason in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 31(6): 1477–1485, 2017—The aim of this study was to examine the effects of accumulated internal training load (ITL) during the preseason (4 weeks) on changes in the intermittent performance, in a professional soccer team. Twelve professionals soccer players (Mean ± SD age: 27.7 ± 4.3 years; height: 177.1 ± 6.2 cm; body mass: 73.1 ± 5.2 kg; % body fat [Faulkner]: 10.2 ± 1.2) belonging to a Spanish second division team (2013–2014) participated in this study. The 30-15 intermittent fitness test was performed before and after the preseason, and the speed for the last period completed by each player was recorded (VIFT). During the preseason, the team alternated practice of training sessions (TRNs) with friendly matches (FMs). Session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), heart rate (HR), and HR reserve were analyzed every TRN and FM to calculate ITL (ITL: sRPE-TL, Edward's-TL and Edward's-TLres). The players' VIFT substantially increased after the preseason period (20.1 ± 0.8 vs. 21.1 ± 0.8 km·h−1; effect size [ES] = 1.15 ± 0.25; almost certainly). The average value of sRPE throughout FMs was substantially greater than the value of the TRNs (7.4 ± 0.9 vs. 5.25 ± 0.2; ES = 2.31 ± 2.45; almost certainly). sRPE-TL, practice volume, and sum of RPE during the preseason were positively and largely correlated (r = 0.70–0.75) with changes on intermittent performance. No relationships were found between HR-derived measures of exercise load and changes on intermittent fitness. The present results suggest that practice volume and subjective measures of TL, related better than HR-based TL methods to changes on intermittent performance after the preseason, in professional soccer players.
Long-term outcomes of letrozole treatment for precocious puberty in girls with McCune–Albright syndrome
Authors: Estrada Andrea , Boyce Alison M , Brillante Beth A , Guthrie Lori C , Gafni Rachel I , Collins Michael T 
Published: August 2016

Objective
McCune–Albright syndrome (MAS) is a rare disorder with a broad spectrum including precocious puberty (PP) due to recurrent estrogen-secreting ovarian cysts. This study evaluates the long-term safety and efficacy of letrozole treatment in large cohort of girls with MAS-associated PP.

Design
Retrospective cohort analysis.

Methods
Clinical data, including history and physical examination, bone age, and pelvic ultrasounds, were reviewed on 28 letrozole-treated girls. Adult height was reviewed for 42 historical controls. Outcomes included rate of skeletal maturation, growth velocity, predicted adult height and adult height.

Results
Twenty-eight girls received letrozole treatment. Treatment duration was 4.1 ± 2.6 years (mean ± 1 s.d.) (range: 0.5–10.9) and mean follow-up was 6.0 ± 3.3 years (range: 0.5–15.0), for a total of 135.9 person-years of follow-up. Letrozole treatment was highly effective at decreasing the rate of skeletal maturation, with a decline in change in bone age over change in chronological age (ΔBA/ΔCA) from 1.7 (IQR: 2.3) to 0.5 (IQR: 0.4) (P < 0.0001), and growth velocity Z-scores, which declined from 2.2 ± 2.3 to −0.6 ± 1.6 (P = 0.0004). Predicted adult height Z-scores increased significantly from −2.9 ± 3.2 to −0.8 ± 1.5 for subjects on treatment (P = 0.004). Four subjects who completed treatment reached adult height Z-scores ranging from −1.5 to 1.7 (median: −0.6), which were increased in comparison with untreated historical controls (P = 0.02). There was no change in uterine size or ovarian volumes, and no adverse events over the treatment period.

Conclusions
In this study with the longest follow-up to date, letrozole treatment resulted in sustained beneficial effects on skeletal maturation, growth velocity and predicted adult height.
Successful treatment of residual pituitary adenoma in persistent acromegaly following localisation by 11C-methionine PET co-registered with MRI
Authors: Koulouri Olympia , Kandasamy Narayanan , Hoole Andrew C , Gillett Daniel , Heard Sarah , Powlson Andrew S , O’Donovan Dominic G , Annamalai Anand K , Simpson Helen L , Akker Scott A , Aylwin Simon J B , Brooke Antonia , Buch Harit , Levy Miles J , Martin Niamh , Morris Damian , Parkinson Craig , Tysome James R , Santarius Tom , Donnelly Neil , Buscombe John , Boros Istvan , Smith Rob , Aigbirhio Franklin , Antoun Nagui M , Burnet Neil G , Cheow Heok , Mannion Richard J , Pickard John D , Gurnell Mark 
Published: August 2016

Objective
To determine if functional imaging using 11C-methionine positron emission tomography co-registered with 3D gradient echo MRI (Met-PET/MRI), can identify sites of residual active tumour in treated acromegaly, and discriminate these from post-treatment change, to allow further targeted treatment.

Design/methods
Twenty-six patients with persistent acromegaly after previous treatment, in whom MRI appearances were considered indeterminate, were referred to our centre for further evaluation over a 4.5-year period. Met-PET/MRI was performed in each case, and findings were used to decide regarding adjunctive therapy. Four patients with clinical and biochemical remission after transsphenoidal surgery (TSS), but in whom residual tumour was suspected on post-operative MRI, were also studied.

Results
Met-PET/MRI demonstrated tracer uptake only within the normal gland in the four patients who had achieved complete remission after primary surgery. In contrast, in 26 patients with active acromegaly, Met-PET/MRI localised sites of abnormal tracer uptake in all but one case. Based on these findings, fourteen subjects underwent endoscopic TSS, leading to a marked improvement in (n = 7), or complete resolution of (n = 7), residual acromegaly. One patient received stereotactic radiosurgery and two patients with cavernous sinus invasion were treated with image-guided fractionated radiotherapy, with good disease control. Three subjects await further intervention. Five patients chose to receive adjunctive medical therapy. Only one patient developed additional pituitary deficits after Met-PET/MRI-guided TSS.

Conclusions
In patients with persistent acromegaly after primary therapy, Met-PET/MRI can help identify the site(s) of residual pituitary adenoma when MRI appearances are inconclusive and direct further targeted intervention (surgery or radiotherapy).