bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
VERBA TRILITERAL BAHASA ARAB: TINJAUAN DARI PREPEKTIF MORFOLOGI DERIVASI DAN INFLEKSI
Authors: Ridwan Muhammad , Hidayati Triyanti Nurul 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAs aglutination language arabic verb is polymorphemic word. Among the Arabic verbs are verbs called basic triliteral verbs. In addition to the root morpheme, three are other morphemes contained in the basic triliteral verbs. This study is to reveal the number and shape of morphemes contained basic triliteral verb. Methode of data collection to gather basic triliteral verb conjugation and listening means. The analys method used is distributional method that realized with the technique opposition, the immediate constituen. The conclution of this research the basic triliteral verbs commpossed by the root morpheme, transffix, affixperson, number, and gender.Keywords: Aglutination, basic triliteral verbs, morpheme, affix. AbstrakSebagai bahasa bertipe aglutinatif, verba dalam bahasa Arab memiliki bentuk-bentuk inflektif dan derivatif karena verba bahasa Arab merupakan kata polimorfermik. Di antara verba-verba bahasa Arab terdapat verba yang disebut verba dasar triliteral. Selain morfem akar, terdapat morfem-morfem lain yang terdapat pada verba dasar triliteral. Makalah ini mengungkap paradigma persona, jumlah, dan gender pada verba dasar trilateral. Metode pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyimak konjugasi verba dasar triliteral. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode agih dengan teknik bagi unsur langsung dan oposisi. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah verba dasar triliteral tersusun atas morfem akar, transfiks, dan afiks persona, jumlah dan jenis.Kata-kata kunci: Aglutinatif, verba dasar triliteral, morfem, afiks.
Frozen ground and snow cover monitoring in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica: Instrumentation, effects on ground thermal behaviour and future research
Authors: De Pablo M. A. , Ramos M. , Molina A. , Vieira G. , Hidalgo M. A. , Prieto M. , Jiménez J. J. , Fernández S. , Recondo C. , Calleja J. F. , Peón J. J. , Mora C. 
Published: April 2016

The study of the thermal behavior of permafrost and active layer on the South Shetland Islands, in the western side of the Antarctic Peninsula (Antarctica), has been our research topic since 1991, especially after 2006 when we established different active layer thickness and ground thermal monitoring sites of the CALM and GTN-P international networks of the International Permafrost Association. Along this period, the snow cover thickness did not change at those sites, but since 2010, we observed an elongation on the snow cover duration, with similar snow onset, but a delay on the snow offset. Due to the important effects of snow cover on the ground thermal behavior, we started in late 2015 a new research project (PERMASNOW) focused on the accurate monitoring of the snow cover (duration, density, snow water equivalent and distribution), from very different approaches, including new instrumentation, pictures analysis and remote sensing on optical and radar bands. Also, this interdisciplinary and international research team intends to compare the snow cover and ground thermal behavior with other monitoring sites in the Eastern Antarctic Peninsula where the snow cover is minimum and remains approximately constant.
Changes in the frequency and severity of hydrological droughts over Ethiopia from 1960 to 2013
Authors: El Kenawy A. M. , McCabe M. F. , Vicente-Serrano S. M. , López-Moreno J. I. , Robaa S. M. 
Published: April 2016

Here we present an analysis of drought occurrence and variability in Ethiopia, based on the monthly precipitation data from the Climate Research Unit (CRU-v3.22) over the period from 1960 to 2013. The drought events were characterized by means of the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) applied to precipitation data at a temporal scale of 12 months. At the national scale, the results reveal a statistically significant decrease in the severity of droughts over the 54-year period, a pattern that is mostly attributed to a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of high intensity drought episodes (i.e., extreme and very extreme droughts), compared to moderate droughts. To assess the general patterns of drought evolution, a principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to the SPI series. PCA results indicate a high spatial heterogeneity in the SPI variations over the investigated period, with ten different spatially well-defined regions identified. These PCA components accounted for 72.9% of the total variance of drought in the region. These regions also showed considerable differences in the temporal variability of drought, as most of the regions exhibited an increase in wetness conditions in recent decades. In contrast, the regions that receive less than 400 mm of annual precipitation showed a declining trend, with the largest changes occurring over Afar region. Generally, the highly elevated regions over the central Ethiopian Highlands showed the weakest changes, compared to the lowlands. This study confirms the local character of drought evolution over Ethiopia, providing evidence for policy makers to adopt appropriate local policies to cope with the risks of drought. Over Ethiopia, the detailed spatial assessment of drought evolution is required for a better understanding of the possible impacts of recurrent drought on agriculture, food production, soil degradation, human settlements and migrations, as well as energy production and water resources management across Ethiopia.
Allergic Rhinitis Is Associated With Periodontitis: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Hung Shih‐Han , Tsai Ming‐Chieh , Lin Herng‐Ching , Chung Shiu‐Dong 
Published: April 2016

Background: Little is known regarding associations of periodontitis with diseases of the nose, one of the structures adjacent to the mouth. This study aims to explore the association between periodontitis and previous allergic rhinitis (AR) using a matched patient–control study design from a population‐based dataset in Taiwan.Methods: Data were sourced from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 for 71,182 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) and 71,182 controls without periodontitis. Generalized linear mixed‐model analyses were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for previous AR diagnosis in patients and controls.Results: Significant difference was found in prevalence of prior AR for patients and controls (28.4% versus 24.2%; P <0.001). Generalized linear mixed model suggested that the OR of previous AR for patients was 1.24 (95% CI: 1.22 to 1.27; P <0.001) compared with controls. Adjustments were made for: 1) monthly income; 2) urbanization level; 3) diabetes mellitus; 4) hypertension; 5) coronary heart disease; 6) hyperlipidemia; 7) alcohol abuse; 8) tobacco use disorder; and 9) random effect of geographic region. After adjusting, OR of previous AR diagnosis among patients was 1.21 (95% CI: 1.18 to 1.23; P <0.001) compared with controls.Conclusions: An association between periodontitis and prior AR is demonstrated. It is recommended that physicians be more alert for potential risk of subsequent development of CP in patients with AR.
Legal Protection Reform for Children Conflicted with Law
Authors: Wati Emy Rosna 
Published: April 2016

The government has long been giving protection to children. Protection is reflected in the issuance of various Law. One of them is the Law No. 23 of 2003 on Child Protection. The legal protection of children in conflicted with law and child as victims of crime are regulatedin articlenumber 64. Issuance of Law No. 3 of 1997 on Juvenile Court actually originates from a passion for protecting the rights of children in conflicted with the law. However, due to inadequate understanding and mindset of Juvenile Court, which is do not have the children’s perspective, what comes up is that the substance of Law on Juvenile Court is not to protect children but to prosecute children. However, after the release of Law No. 11 of 2012 onThe Criminal Justice System of Children, legal protection of children in conflict with the law was encouragingly reformed. How To Cite: Rosna Wati, E. (2014). Legal Protection Reform for Children Conflicted with Law. Rechtsidee, 1(1), 59-70. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i1.101
Aceh Shariah Court in The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and Human Rights Context
Authors: Phahlevy Rifqi Ridlo 
Published: April 2016

Birth of Special Region Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam based on Law No. 18/2001 on Special Autonomy for Aceh as Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam that changed through Law No. 11 of 2006 on the Governing of Aceh is an attempt to realize a democratic government and prosperous (welfare state). The implication of the birth of NAD is the application of Islamic law as a tool of law and governance NAD, which also puts the Shariah Court as the main pillar of Islamic sharia enforcement in NAD. The existence of the Shariah Court as an instrument of law enforcement in NAD institutionally and functionally problematic. The first, related to the position of the Shariah Court that institutionally a part of the religious court, but has a broader scope of authority. Second, related to aspects of Islamic sharia holding capacity is possible to be imposed on non-Muslims, were both these problems can ultimately hurt the Unitary Republic of Indonesia principles and protection of human rights. How To Cite: Phahlevy, R. (2014). Aceh Shariah Court in The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia and Human Rights Context. Rechtsidee, 1(1), 71-84. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i1.103
Tapping: Political Delict That Injure The Rule of Law in The Modern States (Case of Indonesia President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono/SBY Tapping by Australian Signal Directorate/ASD)
Authors: Mediawati Noor Fatimah 
Published: April 2016

The interception case of SBY, his wife and the other official, by ASD/ Australian Signal Directorate to be a central topic in this paper. Start of the case, and then it searches in the category, such as general criminal offense, special criminal offense, or political criminal offense. The study becomes interesting because the tapper country and his object country have the same characteristic, that is the country with supremacy of law. With the result that, the criminal offense, specifically for this interception, it is like injury to the rule of law. How To Cite: Mediawati, N. (2014). Tapping: Political Delict That Injure The Rule of Law in The Modern States (Case of Indonesia President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono/SBY Tapping by Australian Signal Directorate/ASD). Rechtsidee, 1(2), 163-174. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i2.104
The Authority of Notary as Public Official in The Making of Land Deed and Auction Minutes Deed According to The Law Number 30 of 2004 on Notary
Authors: Multazam Mochammad Tanzil 
Published: April 2016

Birth of Law No. 30 of 2004 on Notary, regarded as the beginning of reforms in the field of notary. A notary who previously carried out its duties based on the Dutch heritage regulations Reglement op Het Notaris Ambt in Indonesie (Stb. 1860:3) was started feels aware of its existence by the government. However, one of the impact of these laws is the extension of the authority of the notary to make the auctions minutes deed and the land deed, but as it is known in advance, making auctions minutes deed is the authority of the auction official, and make the land deed is the land deed official authority (known as PPAT ). Based on Vendu Reglement (VR), only authorized officials that can make auctions minutes deed, and if the notary push him to make it, then the power of the deed will degrade into privately made deed because it is not made by the competent authority. As with the land deed, authorized officials to make the land deed is PPAT, but the authority specified in Article 2 paragraph (2) of Government Regulation No. 37 of 1998 on Land Deed Official. Therefore, the Notary can make land deed, on condition not including the deed contained in that Article 2 paragraph (2). How To Cite: Multazam, M. (2014). The Authority of Notary as Public Official in The Making of Land Deed and Auction Minutes Deed According to The Law Number 30 of 2004 on Notary. Rechtsidee, 1(2), 147-162. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i2.94
The Law Enforcement of Journalism Profession in The Context of Press Freedom
Authors: Astuti Sri Ayu 
Published: April 2016

Law No. 40 of 1999 on Press is a manifestation of respect for the legal protection of press workers . Press in their role contributes to the intellectual level of the nation, through the information submitted in news publications, as well as bringing stipulated by the 1945 Constitution of Republic of Indonesia on freedom of thought and speech as Human Rights. However, in carrying out their journalistic duties, the Press should have responsibilities in the news process, and must not violate the ethics of his profession. Press that violates profession intentionally or unintentionally in the writing and publication of news in the public sphere, will still do the law enforcement process for any misuse of the meaning of freedom of speech and thought that harm others. Enforcement of this law, in line with the revocation of the right of immunity of profession issued by the Constitutional Court, which means the Press as a Professional must do the job with the precautionary principle, not by carelessness due to the trapped arrogance of jobs, and injuring other people's human rights, even doing work profession with not commendable behavior. How To Cite: Astuti, S. (2014). The Law Enforcement of Journalism Profession in The Context of Press Freedom. Rechtsidee, 1(2), 175-190. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v1i2.97
Problematic MPR Decree Post Reform and After The Issuance of Law No. 12 of 2011
Authors: Wijaya Sulardi 
Published: April 2016

The existence of Tap. MPR Post 1945 Amandement to the issuance of Law No. 12 of 2011 has given an opportunity for the Assembly to create a new Tap. MPR outside from the valid one. At the time how judicial review of laws that conflict with the Tap. MPR, and how judicial review of the Tap. MPR are contrary to the Constitution is necessary to realize justice and balance. One of the powers of the Constitutional Court (MK) in paragraph C of Article 24 (1) Constitution of 1945 is hear at the first and the last with a final decision to the laws of Constitution. So if there are laws that conflict with the MPR or MPR and contrary to the Constitution, the authority to test the authority of the Constitutional Court instead. How To Cite: Wijaya, S. (2015). Problematic MPR Decree Post Reform and After The Issuance of Law No. 12 of 2011. Rechtsidee, 2(1), 53-64. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v2i1.6
Regional Legal Assistance
Authors: Fatah Abdul 
Published: April 2016

Legal aid policy in the area carried out on several considerations including: Implementation of the authority given to the legal aid act, granting the guarantee and protection of access to justice and equality before the law in the area, equitable distribution of justice and increase public awareness and understanding of the law, and legal implications that accompanied the emergence of the right to legal counsel without pay and the right to choose the legal settlement. How To Cite Fatah, A. (2015). Regional Legal Assistance. Rechtsidee, 2(1), 1-10. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jihr.v2i1.7
Investigation of the effects of the social power and social distance on the realization of apology between Jordanian and English cultures
Authors: Al-Khaza'leh Bilal Ayed , Zainal Ariff Tun Nur Afizah 
Published: April 2016

The current study investigated the influence of context-external variables; social power (High, Equal and Low) and social distance (Familiar and Unfamiliar) on the perception of Jordanian and English speech act of apology. Discourse Completion Test (DCT) and Scaled Response Questionnaire (SRQ) were used to elicit data from three groups: 40 Jordanian L2 speakers in Malaysia, 40 Jordanian non-English speakers in Malaysia and 40 English native speakers from British Council in Jordan. The three groups of respondents were asked to assess four context-internal variables i.e. the severity of the offence, the possibility of the offender apology, the difficulty of the apology by the offender and the likelihood of apology acceptance by the offended party. Results of the study were accomplished using one way ANOVA and Tukey HSD post hoc statistical tests. The findings revealed that Jordanians have high sensitivity toward hierarchical power and social distance more than English native speakers. Moreover, results revealed that there are negative sociopragmatic transfers from L1 to L2 by JL2Ss based on their four-context internal variables perception. Findings could be used to increase the cultural awareness toward some similarities and differences between both cultures
Swedish Version of Mood Spectrum Self-Report Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties of Lifetime and Last-week Version
Authors: Ioannou Michael , Dellepiane Marzia , Benvenuti Antonella , Feloukatzis Konstantinos , Skondra Nektaria , Dell'Osso Liliana , Steingrímsson Steinn 
Published: April 2016

Background:Mood Spectrum Self Report (MOODS-SR) is an instrument that assesses mood spectrum symptomatology including subthreshold manifestations and temperamental features. There are different versions of the MOODS-SR for different time frames of symptom assessment: lifetime (MOODS-LT), last-month and last-week (MOODS-LW) versions.Objective:To evaluate the psychometric properties of the MOODS-LT the MOODS-LW.Methods:The reliability of the MOODS-LT and MOODS-LW was evaluated in terms of internal consistency and partial correlations among domains and subdomains. The known-group validity was tested by comparing out-patients with bipolar disorder (n=27), unipolar depression (n=8) healthy controls (n=68). The convergent and divergent validity of MOODS-LW were evaluated using the Montgomery Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), the Young-Ziegler Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) in outpatients as well the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in healthy controls.Results:Both MOODS-LT and MOOODS-LW showed high internal consistency with the Kuder-Richardson coefficient ranging from 0.823 to 0.985 as well as consistent correlations for all domains and subdomains. The last-week version correlated significantly with MADRS (r= 0.79) and YMRS (r=0.46) in outpatients and with GHQ-12 (r= 0.50 for depression domain, r= 0.29 for rhythmicity) in healthy controls.Conclusion:The Swedish version of the MOODS-LT showed similar psychometric properties to other translated versions. Regarding MOODS-LW, this first published psychometric evaluation of the scale showed promising psychometric properties including good correlation to established symptom assessment scales. In healthy controls, the depression and rhythmicity domain scores of the last-week version correlated significantly with the occurrence of mild psychological distress.
Development of 12 polymorphic microsatellite loci for the endangered Seychelles palm Lodoicea maldivica (Arecaceae)
Authors: Morgan Emma J. , Määttänen Kirsti , Kaiser‐Bunbury Christopher N. , Buser Andres , Fleischer‐Dogley Frauke , Kettle Chris J. 
Published: April 2016

Premise of the study:The evolutionarily and ecologically distinct coco de mer palm Lodoicea maldivica (Arecaceae) is endemic to two islands in the Seychelles. Before colonization of the islands by man, the endangered palm formed large monodominant stands, but its natural range is now restricted to four main populations and several patches of isolated individuals. Microsatellite markers were designed to investigate the genetic structure of the remaining natural populations of L. maldivica.Methods and Results:We developed 12 polymorphic and three monomorphic microsatellite markers for this species, with a mean number of alleles per locus of 13.2 (range 5–21) and expected heterozygosity values ranging from 0.31–0.91 for the polymorphic loci.Conclusions:These markers enable us to study the patterns of genetic diversity, contemporary seed dispersal, and the fine‐scale spatial genetic structure of this important conservation flagship species.
UTILIZING SYNTHETIC UV SPECTRA TO EXPLORE THE PHYSICAL BASIS FOR THE CLASSIFICATION OF LAMBDA BOÖTIS STARS
Authors: Cheng Kwang-Ping , Neff James E. , Johnson Dustin M. , Tarbell Erik S. , Romo Christopher A. , Prabhaker Arvind , Steele Patricia A. , Gray Richard O. , Corbally Christopher J. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
Lambda Boo-type stars are a group of late B to early F-type Population I dwarfs that show mild to extreme deficiencies of iron-peak elements (up to 2 dex), but their C, N, O, and S abundances are near solar. This intriguing stellar class has recently regained the spotlight because of the directly imaged planets around a confirmed Lambda Boo star, HR 8799, and a suggested Lambda Boo star, Beta Pictoris. The discovery of a giant asteroid belt around Vega, another possible Lambda Boo star, also suggests hidden planets. The possible link between Lambda Boo stars and planet-bearing stars motivates us to study Lambda Boo stars systematically. Since the peculiar nature of the prototype Lambda Boötis was first noticed in 1943, Lambda Boo candidates published in the literature have been selected using widely different criteria. In order to determine the origin of Lambda Boo stars’ unique abundance pattern and to better discriminate between theories explaining the Lambda Boo phenomenon, a consistent working definition of Lambda Boo stars is needed. We have re-evaluated all published Lambda Boo candidates and their available ultraviolet and visible spectra. In this paper, using observed and synthetic spectra, we explore the physical basis for the classification of Lambda Boo stars, and develop quantitative criteria that discriminate metal-poor stars from bona fide Lambda Boo stars. Based on these stricter Lambda Boo classification criteria, we conclude that neither Beta Pictoris nor Vega should be classified as Lambda Boo stars.
RESOLVED COMPANIONS OF CEPHEIDS: TESTING THE CANDIDATES WITH X-RAY OBSERVATIONS*
Authors: Evans Nancy Remage , Pillitteri Ignazio , Wolk Scott , Karovska Margarita , Tingle Evan , Guinan Edward , Engle Scott , Bond Howard E. , Schaefer Gail H. , Mason Brian D. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT
We have made XMM-Newton observations of 14 Galactic Cepheids that have candidate resolved (≥5″) companion stars based on our earlier HST Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) imaging survey. Main-sequence stars that are young enough to be physical companions of Cepheids are expected to be strong X-ray producers in contrast to field stars. XMM-Newton exposures were set to detect essentially all companions hotter than spectral type M0 (corresponding to 0.5 M
⊙). The large majority of our candidate companions were not detected in X-rays, and hence are not confirmed as young companions. One resolved candidate (S Nor #4) was unambiguously detected, but the Cepheid is a member of a populous cluster. For this reason, it is likely that S Nor #4 is a cluster member rather than a gravitationally bound companion. Two further Cepheids (S Mus and R Cru) have X-ray emission that might be produced by either the Cepheid or the candidate resolved companion. A subsequent Chandra observation of S Mus shows that the X-rays are at the location of the Cepheid/spectroscopic binary. R Cru and also V659 Cen (also X-ray bright) have possible companions closer than 5″ (the limit for this study) which are the likely sources of X-rays. One final X-ray detection (V473 Lyr) has no known optical companion, so the prime suspect is the Cepheid itself. It is a unique Cepheid with a variable amplitude. The 14 stars that we observed with XMM constitute 36% of the 39 Cepheids found to have candidate companions in our HST/WFC3 optical survey. No young probable binary companions were found with separations of ≥5″ or 4000 au.