bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricular arrhythmias in Rhodesian Ridgebacks with a family history of sudden death and results of a pedigree analysis for potential inheritance patterns
Authors: Meurs Kathryn M. , Weidman Jess A. , Rosenthal Steven L. , Lahmers Kevin K. , Friedenberg Steven G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate a group of related Rhodesian Ridgebacks with a family history of sudden death for the presence of arrhythmia and to identify possible patterns of disease inheritance among these dogs.
DESIGN Prospective case series and pedigree investigation.
ANIMALS 25 Rhodesian Ridgebacks with shared bloodlines.
PROCEDURES Pedigrees of 4 young dogs (1 female and 3 males; age, 7 to 12 months) that died suddenly were evaluated, and owners of closely related dogs were asked to participate in the study. Dogs were evaluated by 24-hour Holter monitoring, standard ECG, echocardiography, or some combination of these to assess cardiac status. Necropsy reports, if available, were reviewed.
RESULTS 31 close relatives of the 4 deceased dogs were identified. Of 21 dogs available for examination, 8 (2 males and 6 females) had ventricular tachyarrhythmias (90 to 8,700 ventricular premature complexes [VPCs]/24 h). No dogs had clinical signs of cardiac disease reported. Echocardiographic or necropsy evaluation for 7 of 12 dogs deemed affected (ie, with frequent or complex VPCs or sudden death) did not identify structural lesions. Five of 6 screened parents of affected dogs had 0 to 5 VPCs/24 h (all singlets), consistent with a normal reading. Pedigree evaluation suggested an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance, but autosomal dominant inheritance with incomplete penetrance could not be ruled out.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Holter monitoring of Rhodesian Ridgebacks with a family history of an arrhythmia or sudden death is recommended for early diagnosis of disease. An autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance in the studied dogs was likely, and inbreeding should be strongly discouraged.
Evaluation of local toxic effects and outcomes for dogs undergoing marginal tumor excision with intralesional cisplatin-impregnated bead placement for treatment of soft tissue sarcomas: 62 cases (2009–2012)
Authors: Bergman Noelle S. , Urie Bridget K. , Pardo Anthony D. , Newman Rebecca G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate outcomes for dogs following marginal tumor excision and intralesional placement of cisplatin-impregnated beads for the treatment of cutaneous or subcutaneous soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) and assess local toxic effects of cisplatin-impregnated beads in these patients.
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 62 client-owned dogs.
PROCEDURES Medical records were reviewed to identify dogs with STSs treated with marginal excision and intralesional placement of cisplatin-impregnated beads. Patient signalment; tumor location, type, and grade; dates of tumor resection and bead placement; number of beads placed; and concurrent treatments were recorded. Data regarding toxicosis at the bead site (up to the time of suture removal) and tumor recurrence were collected; variables of interest were evaluated for associations with these outcomes, and systemic adverse effects (if any) were recorded.
RESULTS 24 of 51 (47%) evaluated dogs had toxicosis at bead placement sites (classified as mild [n = 12] or moderate [10] in most). Fifteen of 51 (29%) tumors recurred. Median disease-free interval was not reached for dogs with grade 1 and 2 STSs, whereas that for dogs with grade 3 STSs was 148 days. Disease-free survival rates of dogs with grade 1 and 2 tumors at 1, 2, and 3 years were 88%, 75%, and 64%, respectively. One dog was treated for presumptive systemic toxicosis but recovered with medical treatment.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cisplatin-impregnated beads were generally well tolerated; good results were achieved for dogs with grade 1 or 2 STSs. Prospective, controlled studies are needed to determine efficacy of this treatment for preventing recurrence of marginally excised STSs in dogs.
Survey of animal welfare, animal behavior, and animal ethics courses in the curricula of AVMA Council on Education-accredited veterinary colleges and schools
Authors: Shivley Chelsey B. , Garry Franklyn B. , Kogan Lori R. , Grandin Temple 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the extent to which veterinary colleges and schools accredited by the AVMA Council on Education (COE) have incorporated specific courses related to animal welfare, behavior, and ethics.
DESIGN Survey and curriculum review.
SAMPLE
All 49 AVMA COE-accredited veterinary colleges and schools (institutions).
PROCEDURES The study consisted of 2 parts. In part 1, a survey regarding animal welfare, behavior, and ethics was emailed to the associate dean of academic affairs at all 49 AVMA COE-accredited institutions. In part 2, the curricula for the 30 AVMA COE-accredited institutions in the United States were reviewed for courses on animal behavior, ethics, and welfare.
RESULTS Seventeen of 49 (35%) institutions responded to the survey of part 1, of which 10 offered a formal animal welfare course, 9 offered a formal animal behavior course, 8 offered a formal animal ethics course, and 5 offered a combined animal welfare, behavior, and ethics course. The frequency with which courses on animal welfare, behavior, and ethics were offered differed between international and US institutions. Review of the curricula for the 30 AVMA COE-accredited US institutions revealed that 6 offered a formal course on animal welfare, 22 offered a formal course on animal behavior, and 18 offered a formal course on animal ethics.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that AVMA COE-accredited institutions need to provide more formal education on animal welfare, behavior, and ethics so veterinarians can be advocates for animals and assist with behavioral challenges.
Fretting Induced Fracture Damage in a Ti6Al4V Total Hip Prosthesis
Authors: Friedrich M. , Kinder J. , Büteführ M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWithin the body, hip implants are subjected both to mechanical and corrosive effects. In narrow crevices such as in the moving surfaces of modular femoral stems, even in the case of proven materials, complex interactions occur between mechanically and corrosively induced material damage, which can strongly influence the service reliability of the implant itself. After almost a year in service, the modular femoral stem presented in this article, fractured. The stem, which had been implanted into a somewhat less than active patient, fractured possibly as a result of defective implantation and diagnosed loosening, causing fretting and corrosion which eventually resulted in the fatigue fracture of the modular hip stem. The failure analysis presented, carried out as part of an IMWF student research project at the MPA University of Stuttgart, was initiated to investigate the damage found at a number of different levels and using various different investigatory techniques in order to determine the cause of the failure and to suggest guidelines to aid in the investigation of other similar failures.
X-RAY OBSERVATIONS OF BOW SHOCKS AROUND RUNAWAY O STARS. THE CASE OF ζ OPH AND BD+43°3654
Authors: Toalá J. A. , Oskinova L. M. , González-Galán A. , Guerrero M. A. , Ignace R. , Pohl M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Non-thermal radiation has been predicted within bow shocks around runaway stars by recent theoretical works. We present X-ray observations toward the runaway stars ζ Oph by Chandra and Suzaku and of BD+43°3654 by XMM-Newton to search for the presence of non-thermal X-ray emission. We found no evidence of non-thermal emission spatially coincident with the bow shocks; nonetheless, diffuse emission was detected in the vicinity of ζ Oph. After a careful analysis of its spectral characteristics, we conclude that this emission has a thermal nature with a plasma temperature of T ≈ 2 × 106 K. The cometary shape of this emission seems to be in line with recent predictions of radiation-hydrodynamic models of runaway stars. The case of BD+43°3654 is puzzling, as non-thermal emission has been reported in a previous work for this source.
REST-UV ABSORPTION LINES AS METALLICITY ESTIMATOR: THE METAL CONTENT OF STAR-FORMING GALAXIES AT z ∼ 5
Authors: Faisst A. L. , Capak P. L. , Davidzon I. , Salvato M. , Laigle C. , Ilbert O. , Onodera M. , Hasinger G. , Kakazu Y. , Masters D. , McCracken H. J. , Mobasher B. , Sanders D. , Silverman J. D. , Yan L. , Scoville N. Z. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We measure a relation between the depth of four prominent rest-UV absorption complexes and metallicity for local galaxies and verify it up to

. We then apply this relation to a sample of 224 galaxies at

(

) in the Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS), for which unique UV spectra from the Deep Imaging Multi-object Spectrograph (DEIMOS) and accurate stellar masses from the Spitzer Large Area Survey with Hyper-Suprime-Cam (SPLASH) are available. The average galaxy population at

and

is characterized by 0.3–0.4 dex (in units of

) lower metallicities than at z ∼ 2, but comparable to

. We find galaxies with weak or no Lyα emission to have metallicities comparable to z ∼ 2 galaxies and therefore may represent an evolved subpopulation of

galaxies. We find a correlation between metallicity and dust in good agreement with local galaxies and an inverse trend between metallicity and star-formation rate consistent with observations at z ∼ 2. The relation between stellar mass and metallicity (MZ relation) is similar to

, but there are indications of it being slightly shallower, in particular for the young, Lyα-emitting galaxies. We show that, within a “bathtub” approach, a shallower MZ relation is expected in the case of a fast (exponential) build-up of stellar mass with an e-folding time of 100–200 Myr. Because of this fast evolution, the process of dust production and metal enrichment as a function of mass could be more stochastic in the first billion years of galaxy formation compared to later times.
MULTIPLE CURRENT SHEET SYSTEMS IN THE OUTER HELIOSPHERE: ENERGY RELEASE AND TURBULENCE
Authors: Burgess D. , Gingell P. W. , Matteini L. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
In the outer heliosphere, beyond the solar wind termination shock, it is expected that the warped heliospheric current sheet forms a region of closely packed, multiple, thin current sheets. Such a system may be subject to the ion-kinetic tearing instability, and hence may generate magnetic islands and hot populations of ions associated with magnetic reconnection. Reconnection processes in this environment have important implications for local particle transport, and for particle acceleration at reconnection sites and in turbulence. We study this complex environment by means of three-dimensional hybrid simulations over long timescales, in order to capture the evolution from linear growth of the tearing instability to a fully developed turbulent state at late times. The final state develops from the highly ordered initial state via both forward and inverse cascades. Component and spectral anisotropy in the magnetic fluctuations is present when a guide field is included. The inclusion of a population of newborn interstellar pickup protons does not strongly affect these results. Finally, we conclude that reconnection between multiple current sheets can act as an important source of turbulence in the outer heliosphere, with implications for energetic particle acceleration and propagation.
ASTEROID SIZING BY RADIOGALAXY OCCULTATION AT 5 GHZ
Authors: Lehtinen K. , Bach U. , Muinonen K. , Poutanen M. , Petrov L. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Stellar occultations by asteroids observed at visual wavelengths have been an important tool for studying the size and shape of asteroids and for revising the orbital parameters of asteroids. At radio frequencies, a shadow of an asteroid on the Earth is dominated by diffraction effects. Here, we show, for the first time, that a single observation of an occultation of a compact radio source at a frequency of 5 GHz can be used to derive the effective size of the occulting object and to derive the distance between the observer and the center of the occultation path on the Earth. The derived diameter of the occulting object, asteroid (115) Thyra, is 75 ± 6 km. The observed occultation profile shows features that cannot be explained by diffraction of a single asteroid.
SPONTANEOUS FORMATION OF SURFACE MAGNETIC STRUCTURE FROM LARGE-SCALE DYNAMO IN STRONGLY STRATIFIED CONVECTION
Authors: Masada Youhei , Sano Takayoshi 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We report the first successful simulation of spontaneous formation of surface magnetic structures from a large-scale dynamo by strongly stratified thermal convection in Cartesian geometry. The large-scale dynamo observed in our strongly stratified model has physical properties similar to those in earlier weakly stratified convective dynamo simulations, indicating that the α
2-type mechanism is responsible for the dynamo. In addition to the large-scale dynamo, we find that large-scale structures of the vertical magnetic field are spontaneously formed in the convection zone (CZ) surface only in cases with a strongly stratified atmosphere. The organization of the vertical magnetic field proceeds in the upper CZ within tens of convective turnover time and band-like bipolar structures recurrently appear in the dynamo-saturated stage. We consider several candidates to be possibly be the origin of the surface magnetic structure formation, and then suggest the existence of an as-yet-unknown mechanism for the self-organization of the large-scale magnetic structure, which should be inherent in the strongly stratified convective atmosphere.
NLRP3A439V Mutation in a Large Family with Cryopyrin-associated Periodic Syndrome: Description of Ophthalmologic Symptoms in Correlation with Other Organ Symptoms
Authors: Sobolewska Bianka , Angermair Eva , Deuter Christoph , Doycheva Deshka , Kuemmerle-Deschner Jasmin , Zierhut Manfred 
Published: May 2016

Objective.Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome (CAPS) is a group of inherited autoinflammatory disorders caused by mutations in theNLRP3gene resulting in the overproduction of interleukin 1β. NLRP3 mutations cause a broad clinical phenotype of CAPS. The aims of the study were to evaluate clinical, laboratory, and genetic features of a 5-generation family with CAPS focusing in detail on ocular symptoms.Methods.In a retrospective observational cohort study, consecutive family members were screened for the presence of theNLRP3mutation. Patients underwent standardized clinical, laboratory, and ophthalmological assessments. The genotype-specific risk of ophthalmological findings and other organ symptoms was determined.Results.Twenty-nine patients were clinically affected. The A439V mutation encoded by exon 3 of theNLRP3gene was found in 15 of 37 family members (41%). The most common clinical features were musculoskeletal symptoms, headaches, and ophthalmological symptoms. The mutation-positive patients were characterized by more frequent skin rashes, ocular symptoms, arthralgia, arthritis, and severe Muckle-Wells syndrome (MWS) Disease Activity Score. Rosacea was diagnosed in 8 patients.Conclusion.TheNLRP3mutation A439V is associated with a heterogeneous clinical spectrum of familial cold autoinflammatory syndrome/MWS-overlap syndrome. Skin rash and eye diseases, such as conjunctivitis and uveitis, were positively correlated with this mutation.
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Bone Edema at Enrollment Predicts Rapid Radiographic Progression in Patients with Early RA: Results from the Nagasaki University Early Arthritis Cohort
Authors: Nakashima Yoshikazu , Tamai Mami , Kita Junko , Michitsuji Toru , Shimizu Toshimasa , Fukui Shoichi , Umeda Masataka , Nishino Ayako , Suzuki Takahisa , Horai Yoshiro , Okada Akitomo , Nishimura Takayuki , Koga Tomohiro , Kawashiri Shin-ya , Iwamoto Naoki , Ichinose Kunihiro , Hirai Yasuko , Arima Kazuhiko , Yamasaki Satoshi , Nakamura Hideki , Origuchi Tomoki , Takao Shoichiro , Uetani Masataka , Aoyagi Kiyoshi , Eguchi Katsumi , Kawakami Atsushi 
Published: May 2016

Objective.To clarify whether magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) bone edema predicts the development of rapid radiographic progression (RRP) in the Nagasaki University Early Arthritis Cohort of patients with early-stage rheumatoid arthritis (RA).Methods.Patients with early-stage RA (n = 76) were enrolled and underwent 1.5-T MRI of both wrists and finger joints. Synovitis, bone edema, and bone erosion were evaluated using the Rheumatoid Arthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring (RAMRIS). RRP was defined as an annual increment > 3 at 1 year by the Genant-modified Sharp score of plain radiographs. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to establish the risk factors for RRP.Results.Median disease duration at enrollment was 3 months. RRP was found in 12 of the 76 patients at 1 year. A univariate analysis revealed that matrix metalloprotease-3, RAMRIS bone edema score, and RAMRIS bone erosion score were associated with RRP. Multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that the RAMRIS bone edema score at enrollment (5-point increase, OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.32–3.59, p = 0.002) was the only independent predictor of the development of RRP at 1 year. A receiver-operating characteristic analysis identified the best cutoff value for RAMRIS bone edema score as 5. RRP was significantly rare among the patients with a RAMRIS bone edema score < 5 at enrollment (2 from 50 patients).Conclusion.Our findings suggest that MRI bone edema is closely associated with the development of RRP in patients with early-stage RA. Physicians should carefully control the disease activity when MRI bone edema is observed in patients with early RA.
Evaluation of Ischemia-Modified Albumin, Malondialdehyde, and Advanced Oxidative Protein Products as Markers of Vascular Injury in Diabetic Nephropathy
Authors: Ahmad Afzal , Manjrekar Poornima , Yadav Charu , Agarwal Ashish , Srikantiah Rukmini Mysore , Hegde Anupama 
Published: May 2016

AIM This study aimed at evaluation of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and advanced oxidative protein products (AOPP) as markers of vascular injury in diabetic nephropathy (DN) with derivation of cutoff values for the same. Materials and Methods Study population comprised 60 diabetes patients and 30 controls, with diabetes patients further categorized into three groups based on urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) of <30 mg/g (diabetes without microalbuminuria), 30–300 mg/g (early DN), and >300 mg/g of creatinine (overt DN). Serum IMA, MDA, and AOPP were estimated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; HbA1c, serum creatinine, urine albumin, and urine creatinine were estimated using automated analyzers. Statistical analysis was done using analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and receiver-operating characteristic curve. Results A statistically significant difference was found in the levels of IMA among patients with early DN (154 ng/mL), diabetes without nephropathy (109.4 ng/mL), and healthy controls (45.7 ng/mL), with highest levels in early DN cases. Similar increase was seen in AOPP as well. A significant correlation was observed between IMA and UACR in diabetes without nephropathy ( r = 0.448). Conclusion The present study postulates serum IMA as a novel biomarker for the assessment of disease progression in diabetes even before microalbuminuria, and a cutoff point ≥99 ng/mL can be used for detection of early DN.
The global tropospheric ammonia distribution as seen in the 13-year AIRS measurement record
Authors: Warner Juying X. , Wei Zigang , Strow L. Larrabee , Dickerson Russell R. , Nowak John B. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Ammonia (NH3) plays an increasingly important role in the global biogeochemical cycle of reactive nitrogen as well as in aerosol formation and climate. We present extensive and nearly continuous global ammonia measurements made by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) from the Aqua satellite to identify and quantify major persistent and episodic sources as well as to characterize seasonality. We examine the 13-year period from September 2002 through August 2015 with a retrieval algorithm using an optimal estimation technique with a set of three, spatially and temporally uniform a priori profiles. Vertical profiles show good agreement (∼  5–15 %) between AIRS NH3 and the in situ profiles from the winter 2013 DISCOVER-AQ (DISCOVER-Air Quality) field campaign in central California, despite the likely biases due to spatial resolution differences between the two instruments. The AIRS instrument captures the strongest consistent NH3 concentrations due to emissions from the anthropogenic (agricultural) source regions, such as South Asia (India/Pakistan), China, the United States (US), parts of Europe, Southeast (SE) Asia (Thailand/Myanmar/Laos), the central portion of South America, as well as Western and Northern Africa. These correspond primarily to irrigated croplands, as well as regions with heavy precipitation, with extensive animal feeding operations and fertilizer applications where a summer maximum and a secondary spring maximum are reliably observable. In the Southern Hemisphere (SH) regular agricultural fires contribute to a spring maximum. Regions of strong episodic emissions include Russia and Alaska as well as parts of South America, Africa, and Indonesia. Biomass burning, especially wildfires, dominate these episodic NH3 high concentrations.
Potential environmental impact of tidal energy extraction in the Pentland Firth at large spatial scales: results of a biogeochemical model
Authors: van der Molen Johan , Ruardij Piet , Greenwood Naomi 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. A model study was carried out of the potential large-scale (> 100 km) effects of marine renewable tidal energy generation in the Pentland Firth, using the 3-D hydrodynamics–biogeochemistry model GETM-ERSEM-BFM. A realistic 800 MW scenario and a high-impact scenario with massive expansion of tidal energy extraction to 8 GW scenario were considered. The realistic 800 MW scenario suggested minor effects on the tides, and undetectable effects on the biogeochemistry. The massive-expansion 8 GW scenario suggested effects would be observed over hundreds of kilometres away with changes of up to 10 % in tidal and ecosystem variables, in particular in a broad area in the vicinity of the Wash. There, waters became less turbid, and primary production increased with associated increases in faunal ecosystem variables. Moreover, a one-off increase in carbon storage in the sea bed was detected. Although these first results suggest positive environmental effects, further investigation is recommended of (i) the residual circulation in the vicinity of the Pentland Firth and effects on larval dispersal using a higher-resolution model and (ii) ecosystem effects with (future) state-of-the-art models if energy extraction substantially beyond 1 GW is planned.