bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Cool children” and “super seniors” cross into youth language
Authors: Saltidou Theodora P. , Stamou Anastasia G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article examines the ways in which the sociolinguistic construction of youthful identities is represented in two popular Greek comedy family sitcoms, considering that youth language has gained a prominent position in TV fictional discourse, being used by characters of all ages. Drawing upon a combined analytical framework from sociocultural linguistics, ethnomethodology and interactional sociolinguistics, as part of a wider research project, our analysis focuses on two interactions in which non-young people (i.e. primary school children, older women) engage in youthful scenarios. We conclude that the humorous construction of youthfulness in these TV series reproduces the (adult) stereotypical views of young people and their speech style, and undermines the marketing discourse of perpetual adolescence (Gennaro, 2013).
No child’s play
Authors: Dynel Marta 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This chapter sheds some light on the different interpretations of the notion of pretense across disciplines. Attention is paid primarily to the pragmatic and philosophical literature where pretense is used with regard to two linguistic notions: irony and deception. These are here conceptualized as overt pretense and covert pretense respectively. Both of these may serve humorous purposes. The principal objective of this chapter is to examine the interface between overt pretense and conversational humor, including humorous irony. This is done by critically revisiting the relevant literature on humorous pretense and by elucidating a number of forms and specific mechanisms such humor may take, as well as functions it may perform. The discussion is illustrated with extracts taken from the American television series House. This chapter thus tacitly supports the idea of verisimilar language use in fictional interactions.
Positive non-humorous effects of humor on the internet
Authors: Yus Francisco 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this chapter, the term (non-)intended non-propositional effect is proposed and applied to the kind of feeling, emotion, impression, etc. that internet humorous texts generate in the user beyond the proposition-centered humor, and which may not be tightly connected to the act of communication. These effects may be intended as part of the effects of the discourse being interpreted, but the main interest of this Chapter lies in those non-propositional effects which are non-intended, and hence not part of humorous communication proper, but nevertheless leak from humorous communication. These non-propositional, non-humorous and non-intended effects may provide reward to the users at different levels and add to the eventual relevance (or even constitute the main relevance) of internet-based humorous texts.
Bacterial signal transduction networks via connectors and development of the inhibitors as alternative antibiotics
Authors: Utsumi Ryutaro 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Bacterial cells possess a signal transduction system that differs from those described in higher organisms, including human cells. These so-called two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs) consist of a sensor (histidine kinase, HK) and a response regulator, and are involved in cellular functions, such as virulence, drug resistance, biofilm formation, cell wall synthesis, cell division. They are conserved in bacteria across all species. Although TCSs are often studied and characterized individually, they are assumed to interact with each other and form signal transduction networks within the cell. In this review, I focus on the formation of TCS networks via connectors. I also explore the possibility of using TCS inhibitors, especially HK inhibitors, as alternative antimicrobial agents.
Impact of the National Essential Public Health Services Policy on Hypertension Control in China
Authors: Zhang Donglan , Pan Xi , Li Shukai , Liang Di , Hou Zhiyuan , Li Yan , Shi Lu 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension remains a severe challenge to population health worldwide. This study assessed the impact of a nationwide program in China—Essential Public Health Services (EPHS) on improvement of hypertension treatment and control.

METHODS
A cohort of hypertensive patients was identified from the 2011–2013 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. Hypertension was defined based on: (i) an average systolic blood pressure of ≥140 mm Hg, and/or an average diastolic blood pressure of ≥90 mm Hg; and/or (ii) currently taking antihypertensive medications. Outcomes assessed included the rate of hypertension control, medication use, and blood pressure monitoring at a doctor’s office. The key independent variable was defined as whether one received services from the EPHS-covered physical examination by 2013. Probit regression models with a difference-in-difference approach were performed for each of the 3 outcomes. Data were analyzed in 2017.

RESULTS
Among the 4,958 hypertensive patients, 404 (8.1%) received the EPHS-covered service by 2013. Coverage by the EPHS program was associated with an increase of 7.9% in hypertension control rate (SE = 2.9%, P = 0.020), an increase of 10.3% in the rate of medication use (SE = 2.5%, P &lt; 0.001), and an increase of 10.5% in the rate of blood pressure monitoring (SE = 2.5%, P &lt; 0.001). Results also showed that the EPHS program helped mitigate the geographic disparities in access to health services such as blood pressure monitoring.

CONCLUSIONS
The National EPHS program improved the treatment and control among hypertension patients. Expanding its program reach could further benefit the cardiovascular health of the population.
2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea
Authors: Shane Andi L , Mody Rajal K , Crump John A , Tarr Phillip I , Steiner Theodore S , Kotloff Karen , Langley Joanne M , Wanke Christine , Warren Cirle Alcantara , Cheng Allen C , Cantey Joseph , Pickering Larry K 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThese guidelines are intended for use by healthcare professionals who care for children and adults with suspected or confirmed infectious diarrhea. They are not intended to replace physician judgement regarding specific patients or clinical or public health situations. This document does not provide detailed recommendations on infection prevention and control aspects related to infectious diarrhea.
Love and Literature
Authors: Higgins Kathleen 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Drawing on Ronald de Sousa’s account of emotional learning through paradigm scenarios, this article argues that literature is an important means through which we develop our conception of romantic love. Milan Kundera’s novel The Unbearable Lightness of Being serves as an example of a literary work that helps to shape our understanding of this kind of love. The narrator offers theoretical observations about love and its preconditions, but the novel also educates us about love through vignettes and scenarios that explore relationships between particular characters. Significantly, the imaginative, often metaphoric views that the characters have of themselves and other characters have a powerful impact on whether incipient romantic relationships proceed to flourish or to wither. The essay concludes with an analysis of the means through which fictional narratives educate us about romantic love, with illustrations from Kundera’s novel.
Liberty, Fairness and the ‘Contribution Model’ for Non-medical Vaccine Exemption Policies: A Reply to Navin and Largent
Authors: Giubilini Alberto , Douglas Thomas , Savulescu Julian 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In a paper recently published in this journal, Navin and Largent argue in favour of a type of policy to regulate non-medical exemptions from childhood vaccination which they call ‘Inconvenience’. This policy makes it burdensome for parents to obtain an exemption to child vaccination, for example, by requiring parents to attend immunization education sessions and to complete an application form to receive a waiver. Navin and Largent argue that this policy is preferable to ‘Eliminationism’, i.e. to policies that do not allow non-medical exemptions, because Inconvenience has been shown to maintain exemption rates low while not harming parents by forcing them to do something that goes against their beliefs. We argue that it is at least doubtful that Inconvenience is ethically preferable to Eliminationism: while the latter disregards the value of liberty, Inconvenience disregards the value of fairness in the distribution of the burdens entailed by the preservation of a public good like herd immunity. We propose a variant of Inconvenience, which we call ‘Contribution’, which we think is preferable to the versions of Inconvenience discussed by Navin and Largent in that it successfully strikes a balance between the values of parents’ liberty, fairness and expected utility.
Penetrating aortic ulcer leading to aortic dissection
Authors: Giri Smith , Dhakal Prajwol , Hwang Inyong , Siwakoti Krishmita , Alsafwah Shadwan 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
Rarely, penetrating atherosclerotic ulcers can rupture into the wall of the aorta, resulting in acute aortic dissection. This article describes a woman with an incidental diagnosis of type A aortic dissection secondary to a penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer of the ascending aorta. Although surgical repair of the aortic root was recommended, the patient refused treatment and left against medical advice.
Best practices in PA development
Authors: Ballweg Ruth , Kerlen Ando 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT
As the PA profession moves into its 50th year and develops globally, its flexibility and underlying principles make it adaptable to a wide range of healthcare needs and governmental priorities. A key feature of effective PA development is adapting the profession to the needs of each country rather than adopting it exactly as it has developed in the United States. The successful adaptation of new PA models must assure that the new profession meets a societal need, such as increasing healthcare access for specific populations or geographic areas.
Biomechanical Properties of First Dorsal Extensor Compartment Regarding Adequacy as a Bone-Ligament-Bone Graft
Authors: Jakubietz Michael G. , Jakubietz Rafael G. , Meffert Rainer H. , Schmidt Karsten , Zahn Robert K. 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Bone-ligament-bone grafts for reconstruction of the scapholunate ligament are a valuable tool to prevent disease progression to carpal collapse. Locally available grafts do not require an additional donor site. The first extensor compartment was evaluated biomechanically regarding its possible use as an autograft.

Methods:
Twelve native fresh-frozen, human cadaver specimens were tested by applying axial tension in a Zwick Roell machine. Load to failure, transplant elongation, and bony avulsion were recorded. The load to failure was quantitated in newtons (N) and the displacement in length (millimeters). Parameters were set at distinct points as start of tension, 1 mm stretch and 1.5 mm dissociation, failure and complete tear, and were evaluated under magnified visual control. Although actual failure occurred at higher tension, functional failure was defined at a stretch of 1.5 mm.

Results:
Mean load at 1 mm elongation was 44.1 ± 28 N and at 1.5 mm elongation 57.5 ± 42 N. Failure occurred at 111 ± 83.1 N. No avulsion of the bony insertion was observed. Half the transplants failed in the central part of the ligament, while the rest failed near the insertion but not at the insertion itself. Analysis of tension strength displayed a wide range from 3.8 to 83.7 N/mm at a mean of 33.4 ± 28.4 N/mm.

Conclusions:
The biomechanical tensile properties of the first dorsal extensor compartment are similar to those of the dorsal part of the scapholunate ligament. A transplant with a larger bone stock and a longer ligament may display an advantage, as insertion is possible in the dorsal, easily accessible part of the carpal bones rather than in the arête-like region adjacent to the insertion of the scapholunate ligament. In this study, 1.5 mm lengthening of the bone–ligament–bone transplant was defined as clinical failure, as such elongation will cause severe gapping and is considered as failure of the transplant.
Rhinoplasty Setsquare Device: A Novel Instrument to Verify Columellar and Nasal Dorsal Position at the Midsagittal Line
Authors: Çerçi Özkan Aret 
Published: July 2017

Summary:
Even a mild degree of postoperative deviation of the nasal dorsum and/or columella from the midsagittal plane could be enough to displease a patient. Postoperative judgment of the nasal dorsum and the columellar positioning on the midsagittal plane is somewhat of a subjective decision determined by the surgeons’ naked eye. Most innovations tend to evolve from necessities. The risk and reality of misjudging the positioning for both the nasal dorsum and/or the columella led me to develop a device for the objective measurement of the midsagittal axis of the nose. I have called it the rhinoplasty setsquare device. This device is made from 316 quality stainless chrome. It is completely sterilizable. It consists of 4 main parts. During the finishing touches of the operation, the correct placement of the rhinoplasty setsquare device will provide the surgeon with an objective decision that will help make the positioning of the nasal dorsum and the columella more precise. When I conducted my research on literature and device catalogs for possible devices designed for measurement in rhinoplasty operations, I ran into devices such as the Castroviejo caliper, calibrated lateral crus stabilizer, Joseph measuring rod, and Thorpe Marchac caliper. All of them are unique in their function and design. However, as far as I could see, there is no device similar in form and function to my rhinoplasty setsquare device. I have been using this device for 8 months for all my rhinoplasty patients. I am more confident now in my postoperative results due to its objective measurement of the midsagittal line.
Donor-Site Morbidity After DIEAP Flap Breast Reconstruction—A 2-Year Postoperative Computed Tomography Comparison
Authors: Ingvaldsen Christoffer Aam , Bosse Gerhard , Mynarek Georg Karl , Berg Thomas , Tindholdt Tyge Tind , Tønseth Kim Alexander 
Published: July 2017

Background:
The study was undertaken to provide a more complete picture of donor-site morbidity following the deep inferior epigastric artery perforator (DIEAP) flap harvest in breast reconstruction. Most studies evaluating this subject have been performed using ultrasonography. Computed tomography (CT) might provide valuable information.

Methods:
In 14 patients who were reconstructed with a DIEAP flap, donor-site morbidity was assessed by comparing routine preoperative CT abdomen with CT abdomen performed 2 years postoperatively. The anteroposterior diameter and transverse diameter (TD) of the rectus muscle were measured bilaterally within 4 standardized zones. Diastasis recti abdominis (DRA) was measured in the same zones. The abdominal wall was assessed for hernias, bulging, and seromas.

Results:
The operated rectus muscle had a significantly increased anteroposterior diameter in 2 zones and decreased TD in 1 zone compared with preoperative measurements. Comparing the operated and nonoperated rectus muscles, the former had a significantly decreased TD in 1 zone. Supraumbilical DRA was significantly decreased with surgery, whereas infraumbilical DRA was significantly increased. No new hernias or bulging were found. Two patients had seroma formation in the abdominal wall.

Conclusions:
Symmetry of the 2 hemiabdomens is well preserved after DIEAP flap harvest; however, significant changes to the rectus muscles and DRA were observed. Hernia formation does not seem to be a postoperative complication of importance. The study indicates that DIEAP flaps result in limited donor-site morbidity, which for most patients does not outweigh the benefits of free perforator flap breast reconstruction.
Periauricular Keloids on Face-Lift Scars in a Patient with Facial Nerve Paralysis
Authors: Aoki Masayo , Akaishi Satoshi , Matsumoto Noriko M. , Tsuge Takuya , Kubomura Ken , Nishikawa Midori , Nomoto Shunichi , Ogawa Rei 
Published: July 2017

Summary:
Keloids are caused by excessive scar formation that leads to scar growth beyond the initial scar boundaries. Keloid formation and progression is promoted by mechanical stress such as skin stretch force. Consequently, keloids rarely occur in paralyzed areas and areas with little skin tension, such as the periauricular region. Therefore, periauricular incision is commonly performed for face lifts. We report a rare case of keloids that arose from face-lift scars in a patient with bilateral facial nerve paralysis. A 51-year-old Japanese man presented with abnormal proliferative skin masses in bilateral periauricular scars. Seventeen years before, he had a cerebral infarction that resulted in permanent bilateral facial nerve paralysis. Three years before presentation, the patient underwent face-lift surgery with periauricular incisions. We diagnosed multiple keloids. We removed the masses surgically, closed the wounds with sutures in the superficial musculoaponeurotic system layer to reduce tension on the wound edges, reconstructed the earlobes with local skin flaps, and provided 2 consecutive days of radiotherapy. The wounds/scars were managed with steroid plasters and injections. Histology confirmed that the lesions were keloids. Ten months after surgery, the lesions did not exhibit marked regrowth. The keloids appeared to be caused by the patient's helmet, worn during his 3-hour daily motorcycle rides, which placed repeated tension on the periauricular area. This rare case illustrates how physical force contributes to auricular and periauricular keloid development and progression. It also shows that when performing surgery with periauricular incisions, care should be taken to eliminate wound/scar stretching.
A Case of Everolimus-Induced Eyelid Edema
Authors: Schear Matthew J. , Rodgers Rand 
Published: July 2017

Everolimus is a newer generation mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor approved for immunosuppressive use in a number of advanced medical conditions. The authors report a unique case of persistent eyelid edema believed to be related to the immunosuppressive therapy. The therapy was being well tolerated despite the persistent eyelid edema, so the patient underwent a bilateral upper eyelid blepharoplasty. The patient responded well with resolution of her eyelid dermatochalasis and markedly decreased edema. Everolimus-induced eyelid edema should be recognized by clinicians as a potential side effect of the medication. Surgical excision of excess eyelid tissue by blepharoplasty can be a successful way to manage this side effect.
Everolimus (zortress) was initially approved as an immunosuppressive agent for renal transplantation patients.
1
Approval for the treatment of subependymal giant cell astrocytomas associated with tuberous sclerosis, progressive metastatic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative breast cancer in postmenopausal woman, liver transplantation patients, and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors of gastrointestinal or pulmonary origin has followed.
2,3
Everolimus is a derivative of sirolimus (rapamune), and similar to sirolimus acts as an inhibitor of mammalian target of rapamycin.
1
Few prior studies have reported eyelid edema from sirolomus.
4–6
Many prior medications have been implicated in eyelid edema formation.
4–11
To date, periocular edema has not been reported as a side effect of everolimus. We report a patient with bilateral upper eyelid edema associated with everolimus therapy requiring surgical intervention to ameliorate the significant skin redundancy and the visual field defect. This report complies with the Declaration of Helsinki and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act regulations.
Targets for the Treatment of Insomnia in Veterans With Serious Mental Illness
Authors: KLINGAMAN ELIZABETH A. , MCCARTHY JULIE M. , SCHWARTZ ELANA K. , GEHRMAN PHILIP R. , BENNETT MELANIE E. 
Published: July 2017

Study Objectives:
Insomnia is pervasive among people with serious mental illnesses (SMI) and has a profound negative impact on their psychiatric symptom management and recovery. However, little is known about the factors that affect severity of insomnia in those with SMI. In addition, very few studies have explored whether evidence-based interventions developed for those without SMI are appropriate for or applicable to individuals with SMI. The purpose of this study was to test the role of arousal, dysfunctional cognitions about sleep, and sleep-related behaviors in predicting severity of insomnia in a sample of 60 Veterans who were receiving care in Veterans Health Administration mental health and psychosocial rehabilitation programs and who reported subjective insomnia. In addition, information was collected regarding the types of insomnia treatments provided to these Veterans.

Methods:
Participants completed assessments of insomnia severity and sleep-related arousal, behaviors, and cognitions. Medical records were reviewed to determine whether participants had been screened/assessed for insomnia and whether treatments for insomnia were provided before the date of referral to the study. Multiple regression was used to predict insomnia severity on the basis of these factors.

Results:
Most participants (81.7%) reported moderate to severe insomnia, although only 3.3% had a diagnosis of insomnia in their medical records. Worry and helplessness about sleep were predictive of insomnia severity; better self-reported sleep hygiene and higher levels of arousal were also associated with greater severity of insomnia. Education about sleep hygiene and medication were the only types of insomnia treatment received.

Conclusions:
Similar to insomnia among individuals without SMI, insomnia in Veterans with SMI is associated with dysfunctional sleep-related behaviors and cognitions. Many of the Veterans also lacked access to settings and resources conducive to healthy sleep. Veterans with SMI should be regularly assessed for insomnia. Research is needed concerning optimal evidence-based insomnia interventions for addressing behaviors and cognitions in this population in the context of these challenges.