bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stress-assisted clustering-triggered emission of cellulose- based materials
Authors: Dimitriev Oleg , Zhang Huotian , Dávid Anna , Eskilson Olof , Aili Daniel , Celada Lukas Marcos , Olsén Peter , Gao Feng , Fahlman Mats 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cellulose-based materials can be classified as non-conventional luminogens that produce photoluminescence (PL) in the visible range due to specific intermolecular arrangements. Usually such an arrangement is referred to as clusterization. Here, we demonstrate the importance of intramolecular arrangement of ethyl cellulose and bacterial cellulose that demonstrate tunable photoluminescence with multiexponent decay. We show that the observed emission is due to a n-π* electronic transition of carbonyl groups, whose emission intensity depends on the form of the sample preparation, either the powder-form or spin-coated films, displaying different density of the emitting regions on the microscale. Particularly, it is shown that PL emission is produced from disordered amorphous regions rather than from crystalline ones. We show that the emission is also promoted by mechanical stress applied to the sample that is suggested to facilitate formation of clusters of the carbonyl groups. The observed stress-assisted emission opens up the potential perspective of using this phenomenon in printed photonic devices.
A Framework for Mobile App Performance Testing: Analysis and Development
Authors: Motton Suman(corresponding author) , Bhardwaj Yadunandan , kaur Inderdeep , Kaur Parminder 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mobile platforms have become a global means of entertainment and communication. Therefore, mobile applications must be tested thoroughly to meet the growing competition. Performance testing is an integral part of software testing. This research paper aims to analyze the various performance testing tools and compare them based on multiple parameters. Performance test results have been analyzed for a better understanding of these tools. This paper aims to give the researchers detailed insights into mobile application testing tools, which will help them to find the gaps and design better frameworks. Performance testing has been performed by implementing a small framework/code to further extend the research work. This framework collects the data at the system level. For this purpose, an Android debug bridge shell has been used. It also needs to write a Python script. Another requisite is to connect the system where the Android debug bridge is used and mobile whose app needs to be tested should connect on the same network. Finally, performance testing data has been successfully collected and presented in graphical format. This collected data will be helpful to enhance the research work to a greater degree.
Synthesis, Optimization and Performance Evaluation of a Biomass-based Environment-friendly Dust Suppressant
Authors: Liu Zhichen , Kan Shihao , Ma Junru , Xu Tao , Che Yanyu , Liu Wenjie , Zeng Xiang , Mao Xuhui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Although dust suppressants with diverse raw materials have been developed to cope with the increasingly urban dust pollution, the previous researches predominantly focused on the exploration of formulations for composite dust suppressants, and their environmental friendliness were seldom considered. In this study, an environment-friendly dust suppressant, which exhibited a favorable covering effect and excellent dust suppression performance, is prepared to address this research gap. Through single constituent experiments and orthogonal experiments, the types and optimal concentrations of binder, hygroscopic agent and surfactant are first determined. The optimal formulation of the dust suppressant includes 0.5% CMC-Na, 2% MgCl2 and 0.15% sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, 1% bentonite and 1% straw powder could be added as fillers to maximize the performance. The dust suppression effect is evaluated using a self-designed wind-erosion resistance device, revealing a favorable anti-erosion efficiency exceeding 94%. The hardness of the curing layer formed after spraying the dust suppressant can reach 169 N at a given thickness of 9.5 mm. Additionally, the composite dust suppressant is of non-biotoxicity and shows negligible corrosiveness to carbon steels (0.122 mm/a), while demonstrating its biodegradability in soil. The results indicate that the biomass-based dust suppressant in this study is promising for practical applications.
A novel application of Shapley values for large multidimensional time-series data: Applying explainable AI to a DNA profile classification neural network.
Authors: Elborough Lauren , Taylor Duncan , Humphries Melissa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The application of Shapley values to high-dimensional, time-series-like data is computationally challenging - and sometimes impossible. For N inputs the problem is 2N hard. In image processing, clusters of pixels, referred to as superpixels, are used to streamline computations. This research presents an efficient solution for time-series-like data that adapts the idea of superpixels for Shapley value computation. Motivated by a forensic DNA classification example, the method is applied to multivariate time-series-like data whose features have been classified by a convolutional neural network (CNN). In DNA processing, it is important to identify alleles from the background noise created by DNA extraction and processing. A single DNA profile has 31,200 scan points to classify, and the classification decisions must be defensible in a court of law. This means that classification is routinely performed by human readers - a monumental and time consuming process. The application of a CNN with fast computation of meaningful Shapley values provides a potential alternative to the classification. This research demonstrates the realistic, accurate and fast computation of Shapley values for this massive task.
Exploring the Link: Increased Prevalence of Periodontitis in Individuals with Psoriasis and Associated Risk Factors
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Singh Rika , Rathore Praveen , Singh Pushpendra 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
The association between periodontitis and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, has garnered increasing attention. This case-control study investigates the potential link between psoriasis and periodontitis, while also examining the impact of various risk factors on this relationship.
Methods:
A total of 364 participants were included in the study, with 183 diagnosed with psoriasis and 181 serving as controls. Comprehensive full-mouth periodontal examinations were conducted, assessing plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), and bleeding on probing (BOP). The influence of risk factors was analyzed through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.
Results:
Psoriasis patients exhibited higher BMI, diabetes prevalence, anxiolytic/antidepressant use, and smoking rates compared to controls (all p < 0.05). Periodontal clinical parameters (PI, BOP, PD, CAL) were significantly worse in the psoriasis group (all p < 0.001). Psoriasis was associated with a higher prevalence of periodontitis (49.8% vs. 35.6%) and increased severity (p trend < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified significant associations between periodontitis and the number of teeth, smoking, and BMI (all p < 0.05), but psoriasis was not an independent predictor of periodontitis. The ROC curve of the model demonstrated 83.0% accuracy, with periodontal parameters excluded due to collinearity.
Conclusions:
This study reveals a higher prevalence of periodontitis in individuals with psoriasis, with severity influencing periodontitis prevalence. However, psoriasis was not an independent predictor of periodontitis in the multivariate analysis. Further research with larger sample sizes and longitudinal designs is warranted to confirm these findings.
Optimizing conservation of Ulmus wallichiana, threatened Himalayan species by combining population genetics and species distribution modeling
Authors: Singh Amandeep , Sharma Vikas , Majeed Aasim , Pandey Puneeta , Bhardwaj Pankaj 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global climate change and human action are dismantling many ecosystems at an alarming rate, causing an unprecedented erosion of biodiversity. In this context, investigation of the threats and evaluation of the remedies to protect biological resources are necessary. This study aims to define the appropriate conservation strategy for Ulmus wallichiana, a vulnerable Himalayan Elm species. The structure of genetic diversity was investigated within and among its populations using nuclear microsatellites (SSR). Further, ecological niche modelling was carried out to ascertain the climatic suitability in the Indian Western Himalayas. Our integrative approach identified genetic diversity hotspots and long-term suitable areas across the Western Himalayas for U. wallichiana, two key aspects required for its conservation in the future. Moreover, a negligible level of inbreeding and signs of a genetic bottleneck in several populations were observed. Germplasms from the genetic diversity hotspots for propagation in the climatic hotspots may ensure better genetic diversity under a safer climate in the future. We believe that this integrative approach will guide the formulation of cost, time, and labor-intensive effective strategies in restoring this Himalayan vulnerable species.
Introducing Anisotropic Fields for Enhanced Diversity in Crowd Simulation
Authors: Li Yihao , Liu Junyu , Guan Xiaoyu , Hou Hanming , Huang Tianyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Large crowds exhibit intricate behaviors and significant emergent properties, yet existing crowd simulation systems often lack behavioral diversity, resulting in homogeneous simulation outcomes. To address this limitation, we propose incorporating anisotropic fields (AFs) as a fundamental structure for depicting the uncertainty in crowd movement. By leveraging AFs, our method can rapidly generate crowd simulations with intricate behavioral patterns that better reflect the inherent complexity of real crowds. The AFs are generated either through intuitive sketching or extracted from real crowd videos, enabling flexible and efficient crowd simulation systems. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through several representative scenarios, showcasing a significant improvement in behavioral diversity compared to classical methods. Our findings indicate that by incorporating AFs, crowd simulation systems can achieve a much higher similarity to real-world crowd systems. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/tomblack2014/AF_Generation.
Early spring population dynamics of Salpa thompsoni linked to physical oceanography in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean
Authors: Pakhomov Evgeny A. , Mole Ryan , Bahl Alexis A. , Appen Wilken-Jon , Lüskow Florian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The pelagic tunicate Salpa thompsoni accounts for a large portion of the zooplankton in the Southern Ocean. While salp’s functional role in pelagic ecosystems is recognised, their life cycle during winter and spring remains poorly understood. To uncover the effects of environmental drivers on S. thompsoni population dynamics, we collected physical oceanography and salp population development data in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean during the spring of 2022. Salp abundances were generally < 5 ind. m− 2 in the 0–150 m and 0–600 m layers. The S. thompsoni population was at the most advanced stages of development, including a diverse stage composition and a bimodal size distribution, in the sub-Antarctic Zone north of the Polar Front (PF). This indicated ongoing salp reproduction that started at least one month prior to our voyage. Stations located in the Antarctic Zone south of the PF were characterised by low salp densities (generally < 2 ind. m− 2) and early developmental stages. The distribution of biologically diverse salp populations and their development were strongly influenced by the regional physical oceanography. The region’s strong currents and dynamic frontal systems, including eddies emerged as a major driver of salp population dynamics. The findings from this study illustrate that salps north of the PF likely spawn year-round, while their populations in regions influenced by Antarctic waters show strong seasonal development and their reproduction may seize during the austral winter.
Has the displacement of capelin Mallotus villosus (Müller, 1776) feeding ground induced a phenotypic response?
Authors: Singh Warsha , Bjarnason Sigurvin , Pampoulie Christophe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Capelin in the Iceland-East Greenland-Jan Mayen region has experienced a range shift over the last two decades potentially driven by climate change. The population now inhabits the east Greenland shelf during the late feeding season, instead of the north Iceland shelf as in the past. Spatial and temporal variation in phenotypic and life history traits such as body size, weight, length- and age-at-maturation, as well as body condition were used to comprehend the population response to environmental perturbations, using biological data spanning two decades. The findings showed that length-at-age, weight-at-age, body condition, and length-at-maturity increased over time, whereas age-at-maturity remained stable. A finer spatiotemporal modelling of length- and weight-at-age for each specific period, before and after the shift, showed density-dependent effects were most prominent for all ages where the size and condition of organisms have improved over the years likely because of reduced intra-specific competition. Temperature effects were more apparent for ages 1 and 2 where fish attain a smaller body size in warmer conditions, and a positive relationship was apparent with net primary productivity. By adjusting life-history traits to a new environment, the capelin population has exhibited a plastic response. A good understanding of the ecological processes that drive population response can prove useful for management in the future.
Optimizing the combined electrocoagulation (EC) and electrochemical oxidation (EO) for treating the petroleum wastewater from crude oil storage tank bottoms
Authors: Galedari Mona , Ghazi Mohsen Mehdipour , Aliabadiba Maryam Hosseini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study investigated the treatment of petroleum-contaminated water from the crude oil storage tank by employing sequential coupling electrocoagulation and electrochemical oxidation using Fe and Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrodes as the sacrificial and oxidation anodes respectively. Although the Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrode is commonly used, its short lifetime disadvantages have limited its performance in industrial applications. A long-standing (highly stable) Ti/Sb-SnO2 electrode with high electro-oxidation capability was fabricated by applying an electrodeposited-annealed Sb-SnO2 interlayer between the Ti substrate and the Top Sb-SnO2 coating. Physical characterization results, including Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), revealed the presence of SnO2 and Sb in the anode composition. The surface appeared flat with a uniform spherical shape, averaging about 13–22 nm in size. The 2 V oxygen evolution overpotential and the accelerated lifetimes of 11 hours demonstrated that using the electro-deposited interlayer improved the electrocatalytic performance and stability of the electrode for electro-oxidation applications. The highest COD removal of the mentioned wastewater was optimized using the RSM methodology for EC and EO, respectively. The integrated EC-EO process achieved a maximum COD reduction efficiency of 96.5% at a current density of 20 mA/cm2, with electrodes placed 2.5 cm apart in a neutral pH environment for 120 minutes.
A human mitochondrial isoform of TRPV1 regulates intracellular Ca2+ simultaneously with mitochondrial thermolysis
Authors: Lenaers Guy , Beignon Florian , Ducreux Sylvie , Tuifua Léa , Dantec Yannick Le , Lemao Morgane , Goudenège David , Chevrollier Arnaud , Khiati Salim , Tricoire-Leignel Hélène , Gueguen Naig , Mattei César 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mitochondria are the cornerstones of cellular and body thermogenesis, with an inner temperature possibly reaching 50°C. Here, we report the identification of a human Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 alternative isoform located in mitochondria. This isoform, which we have termed mitoTRPV1, acts as a thermostat to restrict the mitochondrial temperature. The mitoTRPV1 open reading frame overlaps TRPV1 exons 1 and 2 and intron 2 in a + 1 frame, encoding for a predicted 150 amino-acid N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) conserved amongst mammalian species, followed by the 687 amino acids of TRPV1 C-terminal. This ORF is ubiquitously expressed in most human organs, underscoring its broad relevance. The deduced MTS, conserved among mammalian species, effectively addresses this TRPV1 isoform to the mitochondrial inner membrane. Our experiments, using heterologous wild-type and mutated mitoTRPV1 expression, combined with Ca2+ imaging, mitochondrial temperature and oxygraphy measurements, disclosed that mitoTRPV1 activation induces Ca2+ efflux and mitochondrial cooling, without modification of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production. Notably, the loss of function mitoTRPV1-G684V isoform, responsible for exertional heat stroke predisposition in humans, abolished mitochondrial Ca2+ efflux and cooling. These findings reveal a new thermolysis function for TRPV1 in preventing mitochondrial overwarming while not affecting the OXPHOS efficiency. They also highlight the potential implications of mitoTRPV1 in human diseases related to temperature dysregulation.
Phytochemical Characterization, Toxicological Evaluation, and Biological Activities of Phenolics Fractions from Chromoleana Odorata: A Subacute Toxicity Study
Authors: Fagbohun Bushirat Oyenike , Unuata Ojochenemi Nora , Enogela Aaron Bawala , Adewuyi Hassan Abdulsalam , Jonathan Ibrahim , Gyang Dalyop Daniel , Adio Waheed Sakariyau , Oluwatoyin Adebimpe Hameedah , Mohamed Usman Abiola , Ogar Ochonung Emmanuel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Chromoleana odorata (Astrceaea) is commonly used in folklore traditional medicine for the management of various ailments. The present study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial and safety properties of the Phenolic extracts of C. odorata in male Wister rats.
Methods: Quantitative phytochemicals components of C. odorata were determined according to standard protocols described by AOAC, the Phenols extract was subjected to antibacterial study via agar well diffusion method, and antioxidant study using 2, 2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant properties (FRAP) assays. Acute toxicity were carried out by standard protocols described by lorkes methods, subacute toxicity were carried out by the oral administration of the extract at a daily dose of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg for 14 days.
Results: Phytochemical analysis of ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts revealed an impressive array of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and phenols, with phenols being the most abundant (261.34±1.07a and 171.45±0.91b). The phenolic extract produced significant antioxidants activities with IC50 of 45.07±0.77µg/mL & 55.08±0.80 μg/mL in DPPH and FRAP models respectively. The extracts antioxidant and reducing power activity increased with concentration, reaching a maximum of 96.44% and 81.88% at 100 µg/mL. The phenol extract demonstrated remarkable antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and MRSA, with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 12.5 mg/ml to 100 mg/ml. Notably, the zones of inhibition increased with increasing concentration, reaching up to 25.6 mm at 100 mg/ml. In comparison, the control antibiotics (Gentamycin, Pefloxacin, Sperfloxacin, and Streptomycin) showed superior efficacy. Acute toxicity testing indicates a relatively low LD50 of approximately 1000 mg/kg bw, suggesting safety. Subacute toxicity studies reveal increased AST activity and decreased creatinine and bilirubin levels, with no significant changes in other parameters. Additionally, the treated groups showed no significant variations in body weight gain and organ weight ratios relative to body weight, compared to the control group.
Conclusions: The phenolic extract of Chromolaena odorata exhibits promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, coupled with relatively low toxicity. These findings suggest its potential as a candidate agent for antimicrobial drug development and antioxidant capacity enhancement applications.
A REVIEW OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT: A BIBLIOMETRIC STUDY FOR FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors: Rajni Chaudhary  , Usha Sharma  
Published: October 2024

Purpose – This study's goal is to analyze working capital management bibliometrically. This research covers the nation's scientific output between 2003 and 2024, including the quantity of articles published, the most influential papers, the most creative authors, and the most influential journals. In addition, one of the study's goals has been to identify gaps by utilizing various keywords.
Design/ Methodology- The study found 125 documents that were obtained from the Scopus database and analyzed bibliometrically using VosViewer and R-Studio.
Findings- With 23 publications, 2023 was the most productive year. Ahsan and Minhas Akbar were the most creative writers during that time. United Kingdom ranked first among influential countries, with 258 citations, followed by the Portugal . The publication that received the most citations was "Is Working Capital Management Value: enhancing Evidence from firm performance." In addition, the writers discovered that there was no keyword linkage to identify the research gap.
Research implication- It provided guidance on the present status of the study to upcoming researchers and business owners.
Analysis and numerical simulation of different flowmeters based on an open channel in an irrigation area
Authors: Liu Xinxin , Yongde Kang , Junning Li , Zengxiang Jiao 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

This study establishes an ultrasonic open channel flow measurement test and numerical simulation model and systematically compares the performance and reliability of the ultrasonic method and the traditional flowmeter in flow measurement in the irrigation area by observing and analysing the test data and combining it with the numerical simulation. In the indoor ultrasonic flowmeter flow measurement experiments in the trapezoidal nullah section, the flow rate measurement was carried out by using a high-precision variable slope flume and a variety of flow measurement tools. A numerical study was carried out using the VOF method to calculate the flow in the open channel flume under two-phase flow conditions. Combining experimental measurements and numerical simulations, this study aims to quantify the magnitude of flow measurement errors and water surface fluctuations in open channel flumes and to address the discrepancies between different flow measurement methods in open channels in irrigation areas.