bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vitamin K, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet transfusion used to arrest progression of intracranial hemorrhage after traumatic brain injury in a patient taking anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents
Authors: Yoshizawa Joe , Namiki Jun , Nishida Yusho , Kaneko Yasushi , Hori Shingo 
Published: April 2016

CaseAn 89‐year‐old man fell from stairs and sustained head trauma. He was taking warfarin and aspirin. Upon arrival at our hospital, his Glasgow Coma Scale score was 14. Initial head computed tomography showed small acute subdural hematoma. We immediately administered vitamin K and ordered fresh‐frozen plasma. Repeat computed tomography 3 and 6 h after trauma revealed the acute subdural hematoma had increased to 14 and 20 mm, respectively, and there were several new intracranial hemorrhages. Fresh‐frozen plasma and platelet transfusion were initiated.OutcomeFollow‐up computed tomography revealed no further progression of intracranial hemorrhages, and the patient's consciousness did not deteriorate further.ConclusionAppropriate administration of vitamin K, fresh‐frozen plasma, and platelets successfully arrested progression of traumatic intracranial hemorrhages in this patient taking anticoagulant/antiplatelet agents and may have averted brain surgery.
Practices and perceived barriers regarding pain management among Emergency Department physicians: a nationwide multicenter survey in Moroccan hospitals
Authors: Louriz Maha , Belayachi Jihane , Madani Naoufal , Abidi Khalid , Dendane Tarek , Belabes Benchekroun Abdellatif , Zeggwagh Amine Ali , Abouqal Redouane 
Published: April 2016

AimTo describe pain management practices in Moroccan emergency departments, and to identify perceived barriers among emergency department physicians regarding pain management.MethodsEleven Moroccan emergency departments participated in the study. A nationwide survey was administered to physicians. The questionnaire covered physicians' characteristics, practices regarding pain management, and the perceived barriers to pain control.ResultsA total of 86 questionnaires were analyzed. The participants' mean age was 41±7 years and 59.3% had more than 10 years working experience in emergency departments. The majority of participants were general physicians (87.2%) with no pain education (73.3%). Pain assessment in emergency departments was carried out by 59.3% of the physicians. Simple interrogatory assessment was the main tool (88.3%) with poor use of algometric scales (11.7%). Pain assessment results were not recorded in clinical charts in 93% of cases. Pain reassessment after treatment was carried out by 23.2% of respondents. Physicians had opiophobia in 80.2% of cases. None of the Moroccan emergency departments participating in the study have a written protocol for pain management. Barriers relating to medical staff and the health care system were the most commonly encountered hindrances that preclude emergency department physicians from proper pain management.ConclusionsDespite the availability of international guidelines, pain management practices are still sub‐optimal in Moroccan emergency departments.
Advanced High‐Voltage Aqueous Lithium‐Ion Battery Enabled by “Water‐in‐Bisalt” Electrolyte
Authors: Suo Liumin , Borodin Oleg , Sun Wei , Fan Xiulin , Yang Chongyin , Wang Fei , Gao Tao , Ma Zhaohui , Schroeder Marshall , von Cresce Arthur , Russell Selena M. , Armand Michel , Angell Austen , Xu Kang , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new super‐concentrated aqueous electrolyte is proposed by introducing a second lithium salt. The resultant ultra‐high concentration of 28 m led to more effective formation of a protective interphase on the anode along with further suppression of water activities at both anode and cathode surfaces. The improved electrochemical stability allows the use of TiO2 as the anode material, and a 2.5 V aqueous Li‐ion cell based on LiMn2O4 and carbon‐coated TiO2 delivered the unprecedented energy density of 100 Wh kg−1 for rechargeable aqueous Li‐ion cells, along with excellent cycling stability and high coulombic efficiency. It has been demonstrated that the introduction of a second salts into the “water‐in‐salt” electrolyte further pushed the energy densities of aqueous Li‐ion cells closer to those of the state‐of‐the‐art Li‐ion batteries.
From Chemical Mutagenesis to Post‐Expression Mutagenesis: A 50 Year Odyssey
Authors: Wright Tom H. , Vallée M. Robert J. , Davis Benjamin G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSite‐directed (gene) mutagenesis has been the most useful method available for the conversion of one amino acid residue of a given protein into another. Until relatively recently, this strategy was limited to the twenty standard amino acids. The ongoing maturation of stop codon suppression and related technologies for unnatural amino acid incorporation has greatly expanded access to nonstandard amino acids by expanding the scope of the translational apparatus. However, the necessity for translation of genetic changes restricts the diversity of residues that may be incorporated. Herein we highlight an alternative approach, termed post‐expression mutagenesis, which operates at the level of the very functional biomolecules themselves. Using the lens of retrosynthesis, we highlight prospects for new strategies in protein modification, alteration, and construction which will enable protein science to move beyond the constraints of the “translational filter” and lead to a true synthetic biology.
Synthesis of (−)‐Cannabimovone and Structural Reassignment of Anhydrocannabimovone through Gold(I)‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization
Authors: Carreras Javier , Kirillova Mariia S. , Echavarren Antonio M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe first total synthesis of cannabimovone from Cannabis sativa and anhydrocannabimovone was achieved by means of a highly stereoselective gold(I)‐catalyzed cycloisomerization. The results led to reassignment of the structure of anhydrocannabimovone.
A Receding Horizon Sliding Controller for Automotive Engine Coldstart: Design and Hardware‐in‐the‐Loop Testing With an Echo State Network High‐Fidelity Model
Authors: Mozaffari Ahmad , Azad Nasser L. , Hansen Andreas , Hedrick J. Karl 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe aim of the current study is to probe the potential of receding horizon sliding control (RHSC) technique for reducing the coldstart hydrocarbon (HC) emissions of automotive spark‐ignited (SI) engines. The RHSC approach incorporates the potentials of sliding control (SC) and nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) to employ the future information of the considered engine to keep the system's trajectories close to a stable manifold. To calculate the control commands, the authors adopt an efficient optimization technique, known as the multivariate quadratic fit sectioning algorithm (MQFSA), and also, define three different objective functions, based on l1, l2, and l∞ norms. To demonstrate the efficacy of RHSC controller, its performance is compared with two other well‐known controllers extracted from the literature, namely NMPC and Pontryagin's minimum principle (PMP)‐based controllers. Through numerical simulations for three distinctive operating conditions, it is demonstrated that the RHSC controller is very effective for reducing the total tailpipe HC emissions over the coldstart period of the considered engine system. Moreover, by conducting a hardware‐in‐the‐loop (HIL) test using an echo state network high‐fidelity model, it is indicated that the computational speed of calculating control commands is fast enough to enable RHSC to be used for real‐time implementations in practice.
Spectroscopic investigation of water‐soluble alloyed QDs with bovine serum albumin
Authors: Adarsh K. S. , Singh M. K. , Kotresh M. G. , Inamdar Laxmi S. , Shivkumar M. A. , Jagatap B. N. , Mulimani B. G. , Inamdar S. R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe present here a systematic investigation on the interaction between a water‐soluble alloyed semiconductor quantum dot and bovine serum albumin using various spectroscopic techniques i.e. fluorescence quenching, resonance light scattering and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. The analysis of fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence intensity indicates that the intrinsic fluorescence of bovine serum albumin (BSA) gets quenched by both static and dynamic quenching mechanism. The Stern‐Volmer quenching constants, energy transfer efficiency parameters, binding parameters and corresponding thermodynamic parameters (ΔH0, ΔS0 and ΔG0) have been evaluated by using van 't Hoff equation at different temperatures. A positive entropy change with a positive enthalpy change was observed suggesting that the binding process was an entropy‐driven, endothermic process associated with the hydrophobic effect. The intermolecular distance (r) between donor (BSA) and acceptor (CdSeS/ZnS quantum dots) was estimated according to Förster's theory of non‐radiative energy transfer. The synchronous fluorescence spectra revealed a blue shift in the emission maxima of tryptophan which is indicative of increasing hydrophobicity. Negative ΔG0 values implied that the binding process was spontaneous. It was found that hydrophobic forces played a role in the quenching process. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Randomized clinical trial comparing self-gripping mesh with a standard polypropylene mesh for open inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Verhagen T , Zwaans W A R , Loos M J A , Charbon J A , Scheltinga M R M , Roumen R M H 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Background
The introduction of mesh for open inguinal hernia repair has reduced the rate of recurrence, allowing research to focus on prevention of postoperative pain. In an effort to reduce chronic pain, a semiresorbable, lighter and self-gripping mesh was developed.

Methods
A double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted comparing the self-gripping mesh with a standard polypropylene mesh repair. Patients over 18 years of age undergoing open primary hernia repair were included. Pain was measured on a six-point verbal rating scale (VRS) and a 150-mm visual analogue scale (VAS). Postoperative pain reduction from baseline pain (ΔVAS), complications and return to work/hobbies were studied. Data were collected at baseline, 3 weeks, 3 months and 1 year after surgery (primary outcome).

Results
A total of 363 patients were analysed. Median age was 59 (range 19–88) years. Baseline VRS and VAS scores were similar for the two groups. There was no difference in VRS scores at 1-year follow-up. Duration of surgery was significantly shorter with the self-gripping mesh (mean 40 min versus 49 min for standard mesh repair; P &lt; 0·001). At 3 weeks, ΔVAS in patients receiving the self-gripping mesh was significantly larger (−10·6 versus −5·0 respectively; P = 0·049) and less subjective discomfort was reported (P = 0·016). Complication rates, return to work and recurrence rates were similar, although there were more recurrences in the self-gripping mesh group (5·5 versus 2·2 per cent; P = 0·103).

Conclusion
A self-gripping mesh for hernia repair may result in less pain in the early postoperative phase but chronic postherniorraphy pain is not affected. Recurrence rates may be a potential disadvantage. Registration number: NTR1212 (http://www.trialregister.nl).
The Diagnostic Value of Children's Responses to Cross‐Examination Questioning
Authors: Zajac Rachel , Irvine Bridget , Ingram Jacob M. , Jack Fiona 
Published: April 2016

In response to a widespread belief within the legal system that cross‐examination is instrumental in uncovering the truth, we examined the effect of cross‐examination questioning on the reports of children who had—and had not—been coached to lie. A group of children, aged 6–11 years (N = 65), played three computer games with one of their parents. For half of the pairs, the parents—who acted as confederates—coached their children to make lies of commission concerning the occurrence of two target activities. For the remaining pairs, these two target activities actually occurred, and there was no coaching. Immediately afterwards, children were interviewed about the two activities. Those who—correctly or incorrectly—reported that both activities occurred were retained for the final sample (n = 56); these children were then interviewed again with both neutral questions and cross‐examination‐style challenges. Neither style of questioning elicited responses that discriminated between liars and truth‐tellers: although the accuracy of children who were lying increased in response to cross‐examination questions, the accuracy of truth‐telling children saw a corresponding decrease. When asked neutral questions, children's responses tended to be consistent with their earlier responses, whether or not those responses were lies. These findings raise important questions about the function that cross‐examination might serve in trials involving child witnesses. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Real‐world treatment practice in patients with advanced melanoma in the era before ipilimumab: results from the IMAGE study
Authors: Middleton Mark R. , Dalle Stéphane , Claveau Joel , Mut Pilar , Hallmeyer Sigrun , Plantin Patrice , Highley Martin , Kotapati Srividya , Le Trong Kim , Brokaw Jane , Abernethy Amy P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe therapeutic landscape for advanced melanoma has recently been transformed by several novel agents (immune checkpoint inhibitors and molecular‐targeted agents). The prospective, multi‐site, observational study IMAGE (ipilimumab: management of advanced melanoma in real practice) included a retrospective cohort to describe real‐world treatment prior to approval of the immune checkpoint inhibitor ipilimumab. This retrospective cohort of patients, who started second‐line/subsequent treatment (index therapy) for advanced melanoma within 3 years before ipilimumab approval, was selected randomly by chart review. Collected data included treatment history, patient outcomes, and healthcare resource utilization. All patients had ≥1 year of follow‐up data. This analysis included 177 patients from Europe (69%) and North America (31%). The most common index therapies (used alone or in combination) were fotemustine (23%), dacarbazine (21%), temozolomide (14%), and platinum‐based chemotherapy (14%). Most patients (89%) discontinued index treatment during the study period; the most common reason was disease progression (59%). Among patients with tumor assessment (153/177; 86%), 2% had complete response, 5% had partial response, and 12% had stable disease on last tumor assessment. At 1‐year study follow‐up, median progression‐free survival was 2.6 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1–2.9) and median overall survival was 8.8 months (95% CI, 6.5–9.7). During follow‐up, 95% of the patients had healthcare visits for advanced melanoma, 74% of whom were hospitalized or admitted to a hospice facility. These results provide insights into patient care with advanced melanoma in the era before ipilimumab and may serve as a benchmark for new agents in future real‐world studies.
How did we get here? A brief history of competency‐based higher education in the United States
Authors: Nodine T.R. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundCompetency‐based education (CBE) programs have spread briskly in higher education over the past several years and their trajectory continues to rise. In light of the spread of competency‐based models, this article provides a brief history of CBE in the United States.MethodsThis article is based on a review of the literature of competency‐based programs in higher education and an analysis of current trends.FindingsCompetency‐based approaches have been integrated in US higher education programs for half a century, since reforms of teacher training and vocational education first established the early contours of CBE in the 1960s and 1970s. Prior to that, several developments in K‐12 education—regarding outcomes‐based learning and mastery learning—set the stage for CBE implementation in postsecondary education. The current phase of CBE development is characterized by a wide range of colleges and universities planning or implementing CBE programs, many of which are taking advantage of online or hybrid models, advances in adaptive learning technology, or direct assessment.ConclusionThe recent increases in CBE programs can be traced to both supply‐side and demand‐side dynamics. Most of the models have been in operation less than 5 years and there remains a substantial variety of approaches, suggesting that the current phase of CBE development is transitional.
Accreditation and competency‐based education
Authors: Eaton J.S. 
Published: April 2016

BackgroundCompetency‐based education or CBE is, an approach to teaching and learning that awards credit on the basis of mastery of clearly defined competencies or skills (EDUCAUSE, 2014). The current increased emphasis on CBE is resulting in institutions and programs taking fresh approaches to their academic activity. The Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) sought to learn more about how the increased emphasis was affecting institutional and programmatic accreditation.MethodDuring September 2015, CHEA conducted an email survey of the 85 institutional and programmatic accreditors that are scrutinized for quality (“recognized”) by either CHEA or the U.S. Department of Education. The accreditors were asked four questions about the role that their organizations play in CBE and their view about the future of CBE.ResultsOf the 85 recognized accrediting organizations, 26 (30.5%) responded to the survey. This included five of the seven regional accreditors, three of the four faith‐related accreditors, three of the seven career‐related accreditors, and 15 of the 67 programmatic accreditors.ConclusionsAccreditation involvement in CBE is at present very modest and responsive in nature. The institutions and programs that decide to pursue a competency‐based approach turn to their accreditors for needed review and approval. If the accreditor is reviewing CBE that involves access to federal aid for students, the accreditor has a number of federal obligations to meet. Accrediting organizations neither require a CBE approach nor are they framing common expectations at the institutional or programmatic level for such an approach.
Single‐Plasmid‐Based System for Efficient Noncanonical Amino Acid Mutagenesis in Cultured Mammalian Cells
Authors: Cohen Sarit , Arbely Eyal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe describe a new expression system for efficient non‐canonical amino acid mutagenesis in cultured mammalian cells by using the pyrrolysine tRNA synthetase/tRNACUAPyl pair. A significant improvement in the incorporation of non‐canonical amino acids into proteins was obtained by combining all the required genetic components into a single and compact vector that can be efficiently delivered to different mammalian cell lines by conventional transfection reagents.
Dual Unnatural Amino Acid Incorporation and Click‐Chemistry Labeling to Enable Single‐Molecule FRET Studies of p97 Folding
Authors: Lee Taehyung C. , Kang Minjin , Kim Chan Hyuk , Schultz Peter G. , Chapman Eli , Deniz Ashok A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMany cellular functions are critically dependent on the folding of complex multimeric proteins, such as p97, a hexameric multidomain AAA+ chaperone. Given the complex architecture of p97, single‐molecule (sm) FRET would be a powerful tool for studying folding while avoiding ensemble averaging. However, dual site‐specific labeling of such a large protein for smFRET is a significant challenge. Here, we address this issue by using bioorthogonal azide–alkyne chemistry to attach an smFRET dye pair to site‐specifically incorporated unnatural amino acids, allowing us to generate p97 variants reporting on inter‐ or intradomain structural features. An initial proof‐of‐principle set of smFRET results demonstrated the strengths of this labeling method. Our results highlight this as a powerful tool for structural studies of p97 and other large protein machines.
Wellens' Syndrome with a proximal left anterior descending artery occlusion
Authors: Mai Hongcheng , Lan XianWu , Lu Dan , Zhang Yusheng , Zhang AiDong , Zhang Tao 
Published: April 2016

Key Clinical MessageThe case is a 52‐year‐old male admitted to cardiology department with chest tightness. Admission ECG showed nontypical T‐wave changes in V2–V4 leads in pain peroids, and increasing severe narrowing of proximal LAD. Cardiac enzymes were abnormal. Emergency coronary angiography showed severe stenosis (99%) in proximal LAD.
Nonlinear Effects in Asymmetric Synthesis: A Practical Tool for the Discrimination between Monomer and Dimer Catalysis
Authors: Noble‐Terán María E. , Buhse Thomas , Cruz José‐Manuel , Coudret Christophe , Micheau Jean‐Claude 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNonlinear effects in asymmetric synthesis are identified by a nonlinear relationship between the enantiomeric excess of the product versus that of the chiral catalyst. Such information is not always sufficient to reveal if the active catalyst acts in its monomeric or dimeric form. Numerical simulations of two kinetic models including monomer and dimer catalysis with a Michaelis–Menten‐type reaction mechanism suggest that the nonlinear effects are mainly sensitive to an analogue of the Michaelis–Menten constant as well as to the diastereomeric energy difference between homochiral and heterochiral catalyst dimers. A practical monomer–dimer discrimination table is presented showing that the influence of the initial catalyst enantiomeric excess and the catalytic charge on the product enantiomeric excess and on the reaction half‐time together with the assessment of the kinetic order of the prochiral substrate are sufficient to assess whether the active catalyst acts in its monomeric or dimeric form.
Cr‐Doped La‐Ni‐O Catalysts Derived from Perovskite Precursors for CH4‐CO2 Reforming under Microwave Irradiation
Authors: Odedairo Taiwo , Ma Jun , Chen Jiuling , Zhu Zhonghua 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe nickel catalysts derived from Cr‐doped LaNiO3 perovskite‐like precursors were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy, temperature‐programmed oxidation, temperature‐programmed reduction, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Their catalytic performance in CO2 reforming of methane under microwave irradiation was investigated. It was found that the structure and morphology of the oxide composites in this research were influenced by the ratio of Ni and Cr, and the mismatch of La3+, Ni3+, and Cr3+ may cause phase segregation. The catalytic performance of the Ni catalysts is dependent on the oxygen mobility of the perovskite oxide matrix, the content of the reduced Ni0, and the content of the remaining perovskite structure. The mobile oxygen in the perovskite matrix in the catalyst may enhance the conversion of CO2 during the reaction.
New Evidence of LiO2 Dismutation in Lithium–Air Battery Cathodes
Authors: del Pozo Maria , Torres Walter R. , Herrera Santiago E. , Calvo Ernesto Julio 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe dismutation of electrochemically generated soluble lithium superoxide with the formation of a lithium peroxide deposit on Au has been studied by addition of lithium ions and following the mass uptake detected by the electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance at the open‐circuit potential and the surface morphology evolution by using atomic force microscopy.