bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Paradigms for EU Law and the Limits of Delegation. The Case of EU Agencies
Authors: Simoncini Marta 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article questions the idea that the EU is a pure regulatory power based on supranational delegation of competence from the Member States. It claims the insufficiency of this single paradigm to explain the developments of EU law and the need to integrate it with recognition of the constitutional foundations of EU law.
The analysis demonstrates this by focusing on a specific case study of institutional design in the internal market integration: the delegation of powers to EU agencies. By recognising the judicial evolution of the so-called Meroni doctrine concerning the non-delegation of powers to EU agencies, the article unveils that, legally speaking, the enhancement of EU agencies’ powers takes place in the autonomous constitutional framework of the EU legal order.
This constitutional foundation of EU law shall therefore complement the supranational delegation paradigm. Only in this wider approach can the legitimacy of EU agencies’ powers be framed and accommodated in the composite nature of the EU as a Union of Member States. On these grounds, the final remarks highlight the need for a more comprehensive paradigm for EU law that can explain these different aspects of EU law under a common approach based on a wider public law discourse.
Administration or Federation? Constitutional Self-Image and the World Political Order in Which the EU Finds Itself
Authors: Kuo Ming-Sung 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn this article, I compare constitutional and administrative models in terms of their implications for the EU legal order’s interaction with other legal regimes. I aim to make a twofold argument on the implications of the EU’s constitutional self-image to the world political order. First, as the CJEU adopts an identity-centred strong constitutionalist position on the Union’s external relations, it implicitly frames the EU legal order’s interaction with other legal regimes as in a federated order. Yet the strong political implications of federation are likely to bring about more inter-regime conflicts and provoke reactions from Member States. Second, I provide a critique of the administrative model in the light of GAL’s intervention in inter-regime relations, suggesting a post-identity constitutional alternative in times of crisis. Freed from the value-laden concept of constitutional identity, but without de-constitutionalizing itself, the EU can have the benefits of both the constitutional and administrative models by moving towards a weak-form constitutional order. In the event, the debate, as to whether to conduct the EU’s external relations according to the constitutional or the administrative model, is misconceived.
A Postmodern Public Man and His Mental-Cultural Markers
Authors: Dziubka Kazimierz 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe article aims to describe the fundamental principles of the postmodern concepts of public life viewed from the perspective of neuroscience and cognitive science. Considering the fact that both systems of theories are focused on the psychobiological aspects of human mind and body, and in consequence they both endeavor to understand and explain the relations between brain, mind, and social environment (sphere), I decided to use this particular assumption as a starting point to analyse categories such as: public man, public sphere, space of life, modern and postmodern normative patterns, and heuristic paradigms of relationships between Nature, Society, and Culture. As a leading cognitive and interpretative approach I selected the theory of mental and cultural markers, based on somatic marker hypothesis presented by Antonio R. Damasio and the first-person ontology developed by John R. Searle. Ultimately, both concepts support a more extensive and complex approach in explaining direction of contemporary public debate and associated with it expectations to reorganize people’s life in terms of their physical and spiritual needs. The crucial role of the aforementioned changes has the embodied self – a source of unique and everyday experiences that stimulate the thoughts and emotions of men.
David Lincicum: Fighting Germans with Germans: Victorian Theological Translations between Anxiety and Influence
Authors: Lincicum David 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Between 1825 and 1895, Victorian Britain witnessed a significant blossoming of interest in foreign theological literature. Much of this interest, together with a concomitant anxiety, focused on the negotiation of German biblical criticism and the new challenges and possibilities this criticism introduced. This article thematizes this transnational literary and theological encounter, paying particular attention both to the major book series that undertook to mediate (especially German) criticism to Britain, and to the burgeoning periodical literature that supplied ’foreign intelligence’ and short translations. Translation served as both a liberalizing force as it introduced critical results that troubled some proponents of orthodoxy, but also offered a channel for resistance as doctrinally conservative strands of German biblical scholarship found a warm reception. The article is followed by a chronologically organized bibliography of translated works published in Britain from 1825 to 1895.
Urinary Neutrophil Gelatinase–Associated Lipocalin for the Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Infections
Authors: Lubell Tamar R. , Barasch Jonathan M. , Xu Katherine , Ieni Maria , Cabrera Keven I. , Dayan Peter S. 
Published: November 2017

OBJECTIVES:
To determine the accuracy of the novel biomarker urinary neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (uNGAL) to diagnose urinary tract infections (UTIs) in febrile infants and young children.

METHODS:
Prospective cross-sectional study of febrile infants &lt;3 months ( ≥ 38.0°C) and children 3 to 24 months (≥ 39.0°C) evaluated for UTIs. uNGAL levels, urinalysis, Gram-stain and culture were obtained. UTI was defined by colony counts.

RESULTS:
Of 260 patients, 35 (13.5%) had UTIs. Median uNGAL levels were 215.1 ng/mL (interquartile range: 100.3–917.8) and 4.4 ng/mL (interquartile range: 1.6–11.8) in the groups diagnosed with and without UTIs, respectively. The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for uNGAL was 0.978 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.948–1.000). At a threshold uNGAL level of 39.1 ng/mL, sensitivity was 97.1% (95% CI: 83.4–99.9) and specificity was 95.6% (95% CI: 91.7–97.7). uNGAL had higher sensitivity than the combination of leukocyte esterase (in trace or greater amounts) or nitrite (+) (97.1%, 95% CI: 83.4–99.9 vs 74.3%, 95% CI: 56.4–86.9), with similar specificity (95.6%, 95% CI: 91.7–97.7 vs 97.3%, 95% CI: 94.0–98.9). uNGAL had higher sensitivity than Gram-stain (97.1%, 95% CI: 83.4–99.9 vs 74.3%, 95%: CI: 56.4–86.9), with similar specificity (95.6%, 95% CI: 91.7–97.7 vs 100.0%, 95% CI: 97.9–100.0).

CONCLUSIONS:
uNGAL has substantial accuracy to identify those with and without UTIs in infants and young children. Further studies will need to confirm our findings and determine if uNGAL is a more cost-effective test than standard screening tests.
Efecto de mezclas de fibra semicomposteada con suelo en el crecimiento y la tolerancia de enfermedades en vivero de palma aceitera
Authors: Garbanzo Gabriel , Molina Eloy , Serrano Edgardo , Ramírez Floria 
Published: November 2017

Se evaluó el efecto de diferentes mezclas de compost de fibra de racimos vacíos con suelo para sustrato en plantas de palma aceitera en vivero y su efecto sobre la severidad del Complejo de Necrosis Foliar (CNF) en el Pacífico Sur de Costa Rica. Se realizaron mezclas volumétricas de 12, 25 37 y 50% de compost de fibra (C) con un Inceptisol eútrico. Se sembraron plantas de palma aceitera del material Compacta x Ghana, se llenaron bolsas de 20 L y se acomodaron en un diseño experimental de bloques completos al azar, que comprendieron 5 tratamientos y 4 repeticiones. A los 85, 127, 176, 219, 261 y 304 días después de siembra (dds), se evaluó el crecimiento morfológico de las plantas, el porcentaje de severidad de CNF en las hojas y el peso seco de plantas, y se calculó la absorción de nutrimentos. También se evaluó la densidad aparente del suelo (Dap) y la conductividad hidráulica (CH) en las mezclas a los 90 y 300 dds. Se encontró que el tratamiento de 12% de fibra con suelo mostró significativamente el menor porcentaje de severidad de CNF y presentó el mayor balance porcentual de eficiencia de fertilización de los nutrimentos en comparación con el resto de los tratamientos. La Dap fue significativamente inferior y la CH superior en todas las mezclas cuando se comparó con el testigo. Se puede concluir que la mezcla de 12% de compost con 88% de suelo mejoró la absorción de nutrimentos en las plantas y aumentó la tolerancia a CNF en las plantas de palma aceitera en vivero.
Situaciones de riesgo potencial relacionadas con la aplicación de agroquímicos en los sistemas hortícolas
Authors: Durán-Quirós Alfredo , González-Lutz María Isabel , Vargas-Hernández Guillermo , Mora-Acedo Dennis 
Published: November 2017

La producción de hortalizas tiene valor económico y social en Costa Rica, además, es una fuente nutricional básica para la población y la principal actividad económica para muchos productores, sin embargo, la aplicación de agroquímicos representa un riesgo para la salud de los consumidores, por la presencia de residuos de plaguicidas en los productos. Durante el 2013 y 2014 se desarrolló una investigación con el objetivo de definir las Situaciones de Riesgo Potencial (SRP), asociadas con la aplicación de plaguicidas para establecer el grado de cumplimiento de su uso por los productores del Valle Central de Costa Rica. Primero se elaboró una lista de SRP de todos aquellos puntos del proceso de producción de hortalizas relacionados con la aplicación de agroquímicos que representan algún riesgo para la inocuidad del producto. Posteriormente se elaboró un cuestionario para entrevistar a los responsables de 164 sistemas de producción hortícola. Se logró establecer que entre 21,1 y 38,9% de los productores, aprendió a utilizar los plaguicidas en la práctica, sin ninguna instrucción apropiada. Entre un 57 y un 76% de los productores, poseen balanza o equipo de medición calibrado para pesar o medir las dosis de los plaguicidas. Alrededor del 50% de los productores siguen las recomendaciones del vendedor del producto en cuanto a la dosis; sin embargo, entre un 55 y 76% de los productores, utilizan la dosificación por volumen. Respecto al periodo de retiro, el 40% de los productores de tomate y el 45% de los de chile dulce, indican que no respetan dicho periodo. Se concluye que en el manejo de agroquímicos en la producción hortícola en Costa Rica, existe una importante cantidad de riesgos que podrían generar contaminación por residuos de plaguicidas, y así, comprometer la salud del consumidor.
Evaluación de la actividad insecticida de <i>Schinus molle</i> sobre <i>Premnotrypes vorax</i> en papa
Authors: López Isabel Cristina , Rivera Verónica Elizabeth , Yánez Ángel Wilfrido , Artieda Jorge Rodrigo , Villacres Gabriela Elevación 
Published: November 2017

El molle (Schinus molle) es una anacardiácea nativa del sur de Brasil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Perú, Bolivia, Chile y Argentina. El ciclo biológico del gusano blanco de la papa (Premnotrypes vorax) tarda entre 134 a 280 días y el daño es producido por el adulto al alimentarse de las hojas del tercio medio e inferior de la planta y por las larvas que atacan los tubérculos, los cuales pueden ocasionar la pérdida total de la cosecha. Se evaluó el porcentaje de inhibición de eclosión de huevos y de mortalidad de larvas y adultos del gusano blanco de la papa (Premnotrypes vorax) por efecto de la aplicación de diferentes dosis del extracto acuoso del molle (Schinus molle L.) bajo condiciones de laboratorio. El extracto de molle fue obtenido por el método de destilación por arrastre de vapor, aplicado por inmersión a los diferentes estados de desarrollo de la plaga y su efecto fue evaluado 24, 48 y 72 horas después de la aplicación. Los resultados mostraron que el extracto acuoso de S. molle provocó 50% de mortalidad en adultos a las 24 horas a concentración del 5%, mientras que a una concentración del 10% produjo 25% de mortalidad a las 48 h. Adicionalmente, se observó 25% de inhibición de la eclosión de los huevos con la aplicación de extracto al 10% a las 24 h después de la aplicación. A pesar de que los valores de mortalidad producidos por la aplicación del extracto acuoso no superaron el 50% en adultos, su uso podría ser considerado como una alternativa en el manejo de poblaciones del gusano blanco. Sin embargo, su efecto y su compatibilidad con otros métodos de control deben ser validados bajo condiciones de campo de manera que se pueda ofrecer como una alternativa para pequeños y medianos productores.
Catechesis in Italy between the Two Vatican Councils – 1870–1962
Authors: Sultana Carl­-Mario 
Published: November 2017

The article endeavours to give a bird’s eye view of catechesis in Italy as from 1870 to the threshold of Vatican Council II – 1962. The point of departure is a study of the use of the Catechism as the handbook for catechesis. The study will then move on study the efforts of individuals – from priests to Pope Pius X – who sought to positively influence catechesis through their ministry and how different Congresses and Conventions helped in trying to formulate a more coherent catechesis throughout Italy. Finally, the paper will end by a study of the Active Method which was to be the unifying factor for catechesis in Italy prior to Vatican Council II.
The Involvement of the Lay Faithful in „Consecratio Mundi”
Authors: Osewska Elżbieta 
Published: November 2017

The term consecratio mundi, despite its introduction to theology already before the Second Vatican Council, still sparks a lot of discussion and controversy. In this article we will address the issue of the sanctification of the world by lay people in accordance with the Church teaching. First, consecratio mundi will be presented as a specific mission of the lay faithful, then the article will present the basic planes of their involvement.
Die Freizeittheologie mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Ruhetheologie
Authors: Ostrowski Maciej 
Published: November 2017

The author performs an analysis of „theological places” („loci theologici”), as the basis on which leisure theology can be developed. These are: time theology (a linear concept of time, which means that time is a gift to man, if properly used), freedom theology (freedom not as a discharge from obligations but as the possibility to do good), new creation theology (renewal made by the redemptive work of Christ), joy theology (joy of gifts of nature, community with other person, being granted God’s grace), feast theology (time given to a man in order that he could turn to supernatural matters). The author develops ‘rest theology’ extensively as one of the fundamental forms of spending free time. He searches for sources in numerous biblical texts, where this term has been used. Furthermore, he interprets, among others, how to understand God’s rest after he created the world, and how his repose becomes an example to follow for a human being. Moreover, the author explains what the final repose is to be for a person, and how man, living on earth, anticipates an eschatological rest.
The Synods of the Diocese of Tarnów as a tool for the renewal of the particular Church
Authors: Kantor Robert 
Published: November 2017

This article analyses the last four synods of the diocese of Tarnów, highlighting their structure and course. Diocesan synods grow out of the needs of the particular Church; they shape the ecclesial reality most clearly by the formulated disciplinary, pastoral and spiritual proposals, reaching the very basic ecclesiastical and social environments. Each synod has its specific meaning in the history of the diocese, and its impact is certainly not limited to the formulated proposals. A diocesan synod has a very important function in the process of formation of the particular Church. The synods of the Diocese of Tarnów were the place of meeting of and dialogue between the bishop, the clergy and the laity of the Church in Tarnów. The present article discusses five points : ”Legal grounds”, “First Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów – 1928”, “Second Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów – 1938”, “Third Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów – 1948”, “Fourth Synod of the Diocese of Tarnów – 1986”.
Ksiądz Idzi Ogierman Mański, salezjanin, muzyk, kompozytor – twórca muzyki religijnej
Authors: Malinowski Zbigniew 
Published: November 2017

Tragiczna śmierć w Tatrach ks. Idziego Mańskiego, salezjanina, muzyka, kompozytora, nauczyciela i wychowawcy, po 50 latach znów pobudza naszą pamięć. Odżywa w nas jego pełnowymiarowa osobowość, talent muzyczny, szerokie horyzonty postrzegania tego świata przez niego – jako humanistę i kapłana. Na tym fundamencie jawi się on przede wszystkim jako kompozytor, twórca muzyki religijnej i nie tylko. Ten szczególny charyzmat artysty­‑kompozytora zadziwia i fascynuje nas, będących spadkobiercami jego talentu, a zarazem szlachectwa, pokory i przejrzystego człowieczeństwa.Twórczość ks. Mańskiego pod wieloma względami stanowi ewenement w skali szerokiego spektrum ogólnodostępnej twórczości w dziedzinie muzyki religijnej w Polsce. Niemalże cała jego twórczość muzyczna pozostała w rękopisach, które pożyczał, przekazywał, rozdawał i których niestety wiele zaginęło.Drapieżny, niszczący kulturę system komunistyczny nie tylko cenzurował, ale wręcz nie pozwalał na publikowanie twórczości pisarzy, poetów, muzyków. W takiej rzeczywistości przyszło żyć ks. Mańskiemu.Twórczość muzyczna: organowa, chóralna – religijna i świecka, z udziałem fortepianu i innych instrumentów, należy do wysoce wysublimowanej twórczości o charakterystycznym warsztacie muzycznym, prezentującym bogatą harmonikę kontrapunktyczną z doskonałą melodyką osadzoną na konstrukcjach harmonicznych o podłożu matematycznej logiki, w której odnajdujemy urok, pasję i szeroki świat muzycznego piękna.
Klasztor dla muzyki czy muzyka dla klasztoru? Refleksje na temat muzyki kościelnej
Authors: Jurczak Dominik 
Published: November 2017

Referat jest próbą uchwycenia najistotniejszych cech, którymi powinna odznaczać się muzyka kościelna, zwłaszcza gdy mowa o jej analizie w historii. Analizując świadectwa pochodzące z różnych epok – począwszy od biblijnych, poprzez średniowieczne, aż do tych współczesnych – można wyłonić specyficzne zadania muzyki kościelnej, które w odmiennych paradygmatach myślenia, jak obecne, doprowadzić mogą do niepotrzebnych nieporozumień i nadinterpretacji. Referat stawia sobie za cel przypomnienie, czym muzyka kościelna jest i jakie zadanie spełnia w liturgii i w życiu Kościoła.
Teoria poznania intelektualnego (ujęcie Franciszka Suáreza SJ)
Authors: Goczał Robert 
Published: November 2017

This paper concerns Suárez’ intellectual cognition which is directly related to the theory of objective being, although understood differently than in the present times. In the discussion of intellectual cognition he placed the concept of first and second intention. Suárez especially indicates the order of so­‑called the “second intention” in which the intellect perceives being through the very objective being (noetic order), which is characterized by undivided and undifferentiated status at the level of active intellect. Thus Suárez’ objective order of cognition is not distinctively determined. This makes the being to be comprehended through the objective concept of being from the noetic perspective as referring equally to the singular entities as well as universal, finite and infinite, being created and uncreated. Considering the above, one can agree with the position according to which Suárez’ intellectual cognition can be considered as a scholastic theory that could have a significant bearing on the future epistemology in modern rationalism, especially which had considerable influence on the Cartesian model of subjective knowledge and Kantian critical transcendental philosophy. Suárez’ approach meets with the theory that influenced the modern epistemology and post­‑Cartesian philosophy as a cognitive shift towards a new subjective prospect (e.g. in se conversa), in which reflection on real being was shifted toward the cognitive representations, that is, toward the noetic reflection and mentalism.
A three year prospective study-suspected acute appendicitis: diagnostic accuracy of modified Alvarado score versus ultrasonography in adults
Authors: Gaikwad Murhari D. , Auti Anand , Magare Avinash 
Published: November 2017

Background: To evaluate and compare diagnostic accuracy of modified Alvarado score and ultrasonography in co-relation to histopathology report for diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Methods: A prospective study of the patients who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis at IIMS and R Medical College and Noor Hospital Warudi, Badnapur, Dist. Jalna (Maharashtra). The clinical (radiological) and ultrasonography data of 760 patients with suspected appendicitis was collected between March 2014 to Feb. 2017. These patients were evaluated by modified Alvarado score and ultrasonographically, which was corrected with histopathological finding.Results: Out of 760 patients 69.34% had acute appendicitis 63.81% had modified Alvarado score≥7 and 58.28% patients were ultrasonographically positive. In present study modified Alvarado score has sensitivity of 89.37% specificity 93.99% positive predictive value 97.11%, negative predictive value 79.64%, diagnostic accuracy of 81.32%.Conclusions: Modified Alvarado score can be used effectively in clinical decision making. When compare with ultrasonography neither one is advantageous. However, additional information provided by ultrasonography improves diagnostic accuracy.
Impact of mobile use amongst children in rural area of Marathwada region of Maharashtra, India
Authors: Bansal Sharad , Mahajan R. C. 
Published: November 2017

Background: A major source of sedentary behavior in young people is screen time, which refers to time spent watching television or movies, playing video games, using computers and using mobiles. Excessive screen time in young children is associated with obesity, aggressive behavior, and may negatively impact attention span, language development, and cognitive development. Thus, fostering appropriate screen time habits in children may have important implications for health and wellness throughout life. The study was conducted to assess the pattern of mobile use and reasons behind the mobile use along with the various effects of mobile amongst the rural children.Methods: The present cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Paediatrics OPD at tertiary care teaching institute. All the children attending the department of Paediatrics OPD below the age of 15 years were included in the study during the period of Jan. 2017 to March 2017. A total of 450 children were enrolled in the study.Results: In the present study, 277 (61.5%) participants were boys and 173 (38.5%) were girls child. 414 (92.1%) parents were using mobile phones and 350 (77.8%) parents had smart phones. Majority 194 (43.1%) of the children were using mobiles for 1-3 hours followed by 130 (28.8%) children those who used mobile for more than 4 hours. Physical morbities like decreased physical activity in 189 (45.8%) children, laziness in 143 (34.7%) children, pain in fingers and wrist in 76 (18.5%) and eyes symptoms in 148 (35.7%) children. While mental issues faced were, throwing tantrums if mobile not given in 187 (45.3%) children, not obeying parents 110 (26.6%), reduced grades in school 89 (21.4%).Conclusions: The study concluded that the use of mobile phones by young generation has increased resulting physical, social and psychological impact. It’s the role of family to regulate the use and guide the children for proper usage of mobile phones.