bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Membrane Gas Separation Process Using Aspen Plus® V8.6
Authors: Sharifian Seyedmehdi , Harasek Michael , Haddadi Bahram 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Implementing membrane gas separation systems have led to remarkable profits in both processes and products. This study presents the modeling and simulation of membrane gas separation systems using Aspen Plus® V8.6. A FORTRAN user model and a numerical solution procedure have been developed to characterize asymmetric hollow fiber membrane modules. The main benefit of this model is that it can be easily incorporated into a commercial simulator and used as a unit operation model in complex systems. A comparison between the model and the experimental cases at different operation conditions shows that calculated values are in good agreement with measured values. This model is suitable for future developments as well as design and performance analysis of multicomponent gas permeation systems prior to experimental realization.
Disgorgement, Compensation and Restitution: A Comparative Approach
Authors: Caggiano Ilaria Amelia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe article aims at defining the scope of disgorgement in Italian law, which draws on common law experience, and asks whether the Italian legal system can provide similar recourses. English and US law have conceived “disgorgement damages” as a distinctive concept. I verify whether a rule of disgorgement of profits is principled in the Italian legal system as a generally available private law remedy or is just applicable in certain specific cases. I propose 3 hypothetical cases to measure the attitude of different legal systems. The theoretical foundations of disgorgement as a private remedy are located in different branches of private law (compensation, restitution, property law). English and U.S. law place disgorgement in the more general framework of the law of unjust enrichment and restitution. However, disgorgement can be attracted to other branches of law, as I demonstrate with reference to the Italian legal system. By highlighting the functions that disgorgement may perform in each case proposed, I conclude whether disgorgement is applicable by Italian judges, in addition to the express provisions laid down by legislation.
Transient Liquid Phase Bonding of Nickel-Base Single Crystal Alloy with a Novel Ni-Cr-Co-Mo-W-Ta-Re-B Amorphous Interlayer
Authors: Guo Wei , Wang Haiyan , Jia Qiang , Peng Peng , Zhu Ying 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA novel Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-Re-B alloy consisting of plate γ and M23B6 phases was prepared as interlayer for the transient liquid phase (TLP) bonding of Rene’ N5 nickel-base single crystal superalloy. The molten Ni-Cr-Co-W-Mo-Ta-Re-B alloy exhibited an excellent wettability on the nickel-base superalloy. The TLP bonding experiment has been carried out in vacuum furnace at 1,240 ℃ for 12 h and followed by post-weld heat treatment (PWHT) at 1,305 ℃ for 4 h. PWHT eliminated the intermetallic compounds and promoted the formation of γ´ precipitates in the bonding region. A more uniform microhardness profile of TLP joint was found after PWHT. The shear strength of the joint after PWHT significantly increased to 533.4 MPa compared with the value of 437.2 MPa without PWHT.
Harmonic Optimization in Voltage Source Inverter for PV Application using Heuristic Algorithms
Authors: Kandil Shaimaa A. , Ali A.A. , El Samahy Adel , Wasfi Sherif M. , Malik O.P. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Selective Harmonic Elimination (SHE) technique is the fundamental switching frequency scheme that is used to eliminate specific order harmonics. Its application to minimize low order harmonics in a three level inverter is proposed in this paper. The modulation strategy used here is SHEPWM and the nonlinear equations, that characterize the low order harmonics, are solved using Harmony Search Algorithm (HSA) to obtain the optimal switching angles that minimize the required harmonics and maintain the fundamental at the desired value. Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the output voltage is minimized maintaining selected harmonics within allowable limits. A comparison has been drawn between HSA, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Newton Raphson (NR) technique using MATLAB software to determine the effectiveness of getting optimized switching angles.
Enlarging the scope of metaphor studies
Authors: Xu Cihua , Zhang Chuanrui , Wu Yicheng 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMany recent discussions about Deliberate Metaphor Theory (DMT) not only advance the research of metaphor theory, but also significantly contribute to a comprehensive understanding of metaphor, a ubiquitous yet complex phenomenon. In this paper we contend that DMT should not be regarded merely as a revitalization of traditional view of metaphor in rhetoric; rather, its contribution is undeniably significant and deserves its due attention. DMT is developed based on the integration of conceptual metaphor theory and discourse practice, and complements current studies of metaphor through its emphasis on consciousness and the communicative dimension, albeit there are also some inadequacies of DMT.
Maximum Work of Free-Piston Stirling Engine Generators
Authors: Kojima Shinji 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Using the method of adjoint equations described in Ref. [1], we have calculated the maximum thermal efficiencies that are theoretically attainable by free-piston Stirling and Carnot engine generators by considering the work loss due to friction and Joule heat. The net work done by the Carnot cycle is negative even when the duration of heat addition is optimized to give the maximum amount of heat addition, which is the same situation for the Brayton cycle described in our previous paper. For the Stirling cycle, the net work done is positive, and the thermal efficiency is greater than that of the Otto cycle described in our previous paper by a factor of about 2.7–1.4 for compression ratios of 5–30. The Stirling cycle is much better than the Otto, Brayton, and Carnot cycles. We have found that the optimized piston trajectories of the isothermal, isobaric, and adiabatic processes are the same when the compression ratio and the maximum volume of the same working fluid of the three processes are the same, which has facilitated the present analysis because the optimized piston trajectories of the Carnot and Stirling cycles are the same as those of the Brayton and Otto cycles, respectively.
Pituitary volume in children with growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short stature and controls
Authors: Kessler Marion , Tenner Michael , Frey Michael , Noto Richard 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:The objective of the study was to describe the pituitary volume (PV) in pediatric patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (IGHD), idiopathic short stature (ISS) and normal controls.Methods:Sixty-nine patients (57 male, 12 female), with a mean age of 11.9 (±2.0), were determined to have IGHD. ISS was identified in 29 patients (20 male, 9 female), with a mean age of 12.7 (±3.7). Sixty-six controls (28 female, 38 male), mean age 9.8 (±4.7) were also included. Three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance images with contrast were obtained to accurately measure PV.Results:There was a significant difference in the mean PV among the three groups. The IGHD patients had a mean PV 230.8 (±89.6), for ISS patients it was 286.8 (±108.2) and for controls it was 343.7 (±145.9) (p<0.001). There was a normal increase in PV with age in the ISS patients and controls, but a minimal increase in the IGHD patients.Conclusions:Those patients with isolated GHD have the greatest reduction in PV compared to controls and the patients with ISS fall in between. We speculate that a possible cause for the slowed growth in some ISS patients might be related to diminished chronic secretion of growth hormone over time, albeit having adequate pituitary reserves to respond acutely to GH stimulation. Thus, what was called neurosecretory GHD in the past, might, in some patients, be relative pituitary hypoplasia and resultant diminished growth hormone secretion. Thus, PV determinations by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could assist in the diagnostic evaluation of the slowly growing child.
Maternal characteristics of pregnancies with intrauterine fetal demise
Authors: Walfisch Asnat , Brown Richard , Mallozzi Angela , Hallak Mordechai , Shrim Alon 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjective:To identify maternal characteristics independently associated with pregnancies resulting in intrauterine fetal demise (IUFD).Study design:This was a population-based cohort study of all births taking place at the McGill University Health Centre in Montreal, Canada, between 2001 and 2007, using the McGill University Obstetrics and Neonatal Database. Maternal characteristics were compared between pregnancies that resulted in IUFD and control pregnancies resulting in live newborns. A logistic regression analysis was constructed to identify parameters independently associated with IUFD.Results:We identified 20,744 births during the study period, 87 of which were complicated by IUFD. Mothers with IUFD were more likely to be younger, with less formal education, higher rates of smoking during pregnancy, and more fetal anomalies (42.5% vs. 7.5%, P<0.001). After exclusion of pregnancies with congenital and/or chromosomal abnormalities, less formal education (7 vs. 13.6 school years, P<0.001) and smoking during pregnancy (24% vs. 7.7%, P<0.001) remained significantly more common in pregnancies resulting in IUFD. In the multivariable regression analysis both smoking and number of maternal school years were independently associated with IUFD pregnancies (OR 2.22 for smoking, P=0.007 and OR 0.865 for number of school years, P<0.001).Conclusion:Lower levels of education and smoking during pregnancy are independent predictors of IUFD.
Crossing the Spectrum of Solitudes: Lea Goldberg’s Lyrical Conversation with Avraham Sonne
Authors: Gordinsky Natasha 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis essay explores the as yet undiscovered lyrical conversation conducted by Lea Goldberg with Avraham Sonne. It traces the different stages in Goldberg’s writing on him, through a close reading of all poems in which she addressed Sonne over many years. The first section of the essay concentrates on the construction of Sonne as a poet figure. The second section discusses the internalization of Avraham Ben Yitzhak as a superaddresse within the cycle “Al Ha-Priha.” The final section reflects Goldberg’s attempt to address Sonne not as a poet but as a private individual.
„Mir verging die Sprache vor den Dingen, die ich kommen sah“ – Hermann Broch und Abraham Sonne in ihren Briefen
Authors: Lützeler Paul Michael 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHermann Broch and Abraham Sonne (Avraham Ben Yitzhak) met during the second half of the 1920s in Vienna. Broch had given up his career as co-owner of a textile factory and begun to study the Neo-Positivism of the Vienna Circle and to write his novel “The Sleepwalkers.” Sonne was the director of the Jewish Teachers College in Vienna. The two men took to each other and met in Viennese cafés on a regular basis. In 1938 (after the ‘Anschluss’) Broch emigrated to the United States, and Sonne to Palestine. The letters published here span the period between 1938 and 1950, the year of Sonne’s death. They are documents of friendship and of an intellectual exchange (in particular regarding Broch’s novel “The Death of Virgil,” which appeared in 1945 in New York).
Der Kanon im Archiv
Authors: Jessen Caroline 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSignificant materials produced by German-Jewish writers, artists and scholars have been preserved in public archives as well as in private family collections in Israel. Many of these materials were salvaged from Nazi Germany and brought to Israel with considerable difficulty during the years 1933-1945, or in the immediate aftermath of the Shoah. The Franz Rosenzweig Minerva Research Center, Bonn University and the Deutsches Literaturarchiv Marbach have begun a joint project to make these archival collections more accessible in Israel and to initiate new research based on them. Against this background, the article explores the role of archival processing in the construction of historical knowledge and the formation of cultural memory.
Rückkehr in den Elfenbeinturm: Deutsch an der Hebräischen Universität
Authors: Weiss Yfaat 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGerman culture and language has played a significant part in the Hebrew University’s self-understanding since its founding in the 1920s. Almost half of its professors in the years 1925–1948 were trained in the German academic system and perceived themselves as part of the German scientific tradition. However, in 1934, as a reaction to National Socialist race politics in Germany, attitudes toward the German language changed and it was no longer taught at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. This status quo was challenged at the end of the 1940s, as students and professors alike sought to reintroduce German as a language as part of the curriculum. Unsurprisingly, their initiative encountered strong opposition both within and outside the University. Based on documents kept at the Archive of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, this article reconstructs the arguments in the debate that took place in the early 1950s and which culminated in the reintroduction of the German language at the beginning of 1953, shortly after the signing of the reparations agreement between Israel and Germany.
Arie Ludwig Strauss: “A Psalm Returns Home”
Authors: Sandbank Shimon 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis is an attempt to describe the bi-lingual poet Arie Ludwig Strauss’s journey from his poetry in German to his Hebrew poetry. Steeped as he was in the German poetic tradition, from Old Germanic Stabreim to Hölderlin and particularly Stefan George, and preoccupied with the phonetic, musical aspects of verse, Strauss was determined, on discovering his Hebrew heritage, to apply George’s sound devices to the Hebrew poems he began writing after his immigration to Palestine. This paper focuses on Strauss’s struggle to find a Hebrew parallel to the music of his German verse. It argues that the tonality of his Hebrew poetry is a product of two traditions: a phonological orchestration of syllables, derived largely from George, and wordplay involving whole words rather than only syllables, derived from biblical Hebrew and the Hebrew of medieval Judeo-Spanish poetry.
La possibilité d’une étude sémiotique des transhumanités: Une lecture d’un film La Créature céleste, bouddha robot coréen
Authors: Lee Soojin 
Published: October 2016

Résumé
Dans cet article nous présentons une réflexion sémiotique sur la représentation de l’humain et du non-humain dans des discours de techno-fiction reflétant l’humanité transitoire en relation avec le progrès technoscientifique. Les signifiants dénotatifs dans le contexte narratif nous conduisent à observer et à analyser les signifiés connotatifs. C’est dans cet esprit que nous examinerons des scènes tirées du film de science-fiction coréen La Créature céleste portant sur l’existence de l’humain, et son rapport ontologique avec la technologie. Ce film unique en son genre traitant à la fois de la machine et de la spiritualité dans la tradition du bouddhisme s’appuie sur les principes fondamentaux du Mahayana (Grand Véhicule) comme la vacuité, l’éveil et la nature-de-bouddha et propose, avec un bouddha robot et un homme-machine, une représentation bien particulière de l’humanité en transition. Ce film contient diverses propositions vis-à-vis d’un phénomène mystérieux et problématique, produit par une technologie future. Nous proposons d’analyser les différentes significations telles que le dualisme du corps et de l’esprit, un fantasme permettant surmonter la limite physique par le recours à la technologie, une inscription corporelle de l’esprit et l’interaction dans l’environnement technoscientifique. Il est possible d’appliquer cette interprétation aux autres discours de techno-fiction et proposer une lecture et une écriture qui peuvent nous guider dans notre réflexion sur l’avenir, sans peur ni enthousiasme, mais selon la notion de vacuité.

Cet article est basé sur des communications délivrées à l’occasion de deux colloques internationaux organisés dans le cadre d’une collaboration entre deux équipes de chercheurs coréens et français, projet soutenu par le LABEX ARTS-H2H au titre du programme, Investissements d’avenir.
Loss of SynDIG1 Reduces Excitatory Synapse Maturation But Not FormationIn Vivo
Authors: Chenaux George , Matt Lucas , Hill Travis C. , Kaur Inderpreet , Liu Xiao-Bo , Kirk Lyndsey M. , Speca David J. , McMahon Samuel A. , Zito Karen , Hell Johannes W. , Díaz Elva 
Published: October 2016

AbstractModification of the strength of excitatory synaptic connections is a fundamental mechanism by which neural circuits are refined during development and learning. Synapse Differentiation Induced Gene 1 (SynDIG1) has been shown to play a key role in regulating synaptic strengthin vitro. Here, we investigated the role of SynDIG1in vivoin mice with a disruption of theSynDIG1gene rather than use an alternate loxP-flanked conditional mutant that we find retains a partial protein product. The gene-trap insertion with a reporter cassette mutant mice shows that theSynDIG1promoter is active during embryogenesis in the retina with some activity in the brain, and postnatally in the mouse hippocampus, cortex, hindbrain, and spinal cord. Ultrastructural analysis of the hippocampal CA1 region shows a decrease in the average PSD length of synapses and a decrease in the number of synapses with a mature phenotype. Intriguingly, the total synapse number appears to be increased inSynDIG1mutant mice. Electrophysiological analyses show a decrease in AMPA and NMDA receptor function inSynDIG1-deficient hippocampal neurons. Glutamate stimulation of individual dendritic spines in hippocampal slices from SynDIG1-deficient mice reveals increased short-term structural plasticity. Notably, the overall levels of PSD-95 or glutamate receptors enriched in postsynaptic biochemical fractions remain unaltered; however, activity-dependent synapse development is strongly compromised upon the loss of SynDIG1, supporting its importance for excitatory synapse maturation. Together, these data are consistent with a model in which SynDIG1 regulates the maturation of excitatory synapse structure and function in the mouse hippocampusin vivo.
Positive Selection in Rapidly Evolving Plastid–Nuclear Enzyme Complexes
Authors: Rockenbach Kate , Havird Justin C , Monroe J Grey , Triant Deborah A , Taylor Douglas R , Sloan Daniel B 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Rates of sequence evolution in plastid genomes are generally low, but numerous angiosperm lineages exhibit accelerated evolutionary rates in similar subsets of plastid genes. These genes include clpP1 and accD, which encode components of the caseinolytic protease (CLP) and acetyl-coA carboxylase (ACCase) complexes, respectively. Whether these extreme and repeated accelerations in rates of plastid genome evolution result from adaptive change in proteins (i.e., positive selection) or simply a loss of functional constraint (i.e., relaxed purifying selection) is a source of ongoing controversy. To address this, we have taken advantage of the multiple independent accelerations that have occurred within the genus Silene (Caryophyllaceae) by examining phylogenetic and population genetic variation in the nuclear genes that encode subunits of the CLP and ACCase complexes. We found that, in species with accelerated plastid genome evolution, the nuclear-encoded subunits in the CLP and ACCase complexes are also evolving rapidly, especially those involved in direct physical interactions with plastid-encoded proteins. A massive excess of nonsynonymous substitutions between species relative to levels of intraspecific polymorphism indicated a history of strong positive selection (particularly in CLP genes). Interestingly, however, some species are likely undergoing loss of the native (heteromeric) plastid ACCase and putative functional replacement by a duplicated cytosolic (homomeric) ACCase. Overall, the patterns of molecular evolution in these plastid–nuclear complexes are unusual for anciently conserved enzymes. They instead resemble cases of antagonistic coevolution between pathogens and host immune genes. We discuss a possible role of plastid–nuclear conflict as a novel cause of accelerated evolution.
The Identification of a Novel Mutant Allele of topoisomerase II in Caenorhabditis elegans Reveals a Unique Role in Chromosome Segregation During Spermatogenesis
Authors: Jaramillo-Lambert Aimee , Fabritius Amy S , Hansen Tyler J , Smith Harold E , Golden Andy 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Topoisomerase II alleviates DNA entanglements that are generated during mitotic DNA replication, transcription, and sister chromatid separation. In contrast to mitosis, meiosis has two rounds of chromosome segregation following one round of DNA replication. In meiosis II, sister chromatids segregate from each other, similar to mitosis. Meiosis I, on the other hand, segregates homologs, which requires pairing, synapsis, and recombination. The exact role that topoisomerase II plays during meiosis is unknown. In a screen reexamining Caenorhabditis elegans legacy mutants isolated 30 years ago, we identified a novel allele of the gene encoding topoisomerase II, top-2(it7). In this study, we demonstrate that top-2(it7) males produce dead embryos, even when fertilizing wild-type oocytes. Characterization of early embryonic events indicates that fertilization is successful and sperm components are transmitted to the embryo. However, sperm chromatin is not detected in these fertilized embryos. Examination of top-2(it7) spermatogenic germ lines reveals that the sperm DNA fails to segregate properly during anaphase I of meiosis, resulting in anucleate sperm. top-2(it7) chromosome-segregation defects observed during anaphase I are not due to residual entanglements incurred during meiotic DNA replication and are not dependent on SPO-11-induced double-strand DNA breaks. Finally, we show that TOP-2 associates with chromosomes in meiotic prophase and that chromosome association is disrupted in the germ lines of top-2(it7) mutants.
PRELIMINARY STUDY ON POPULATION DYNAMIC OF HARPACTICOID COPEPOD Euterpina acutifrons IN CULTURE CONDITION
Authors: Imanto Philip Teguh , Sumiarsa Gede Suwarthama , Suastika Made 
Published: October 2016

<p>The most important factor to high mortality rate in larval rearing is feeding success in early larval stage related to kind and size of natural live food. Copepod basically is the main source of natural food in the open ocean having some advantages such as smaller size of nauplii, attractive movement and high nutritional value. Observation on population dynamic of harpacticoid copepod <em>Euterpina acutifrons</em> was carried out using 5-L plastic bucket with initial density 100 ind./L. Green algae <em>Nannochloropsis</em> sp. was added to culture media at density of 50,000 cells/mL as a basic feed and additional feeds given were wheat flour (group A) and chicken liver (group B) at a rate of 50 mg/bucket. The result showed that there was no difference on population pattern in both groups where the incubation time took eight days to hatch, from nauplii to the copepodite stage was three days and from copepodite to adult copepod took five-to-six days. The differences came up from population number: in group (A) the highest number of copepod-bearing-egg was only 133 ind., nauplii production up to 62,833 ind. and number of copepodites was 22,333 ind. lower compared to group (B) with the highest copepod-egg was 308 ind., nauplii was 113,333 ind. and copepodite was 51,167 ind. The conclusion pointed out that the kind of food did not influence population pattern (quality) but gave effect to population growth.</p>