bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Brief report: A confirmatory approach to the validation of the peer group norm questionnaire
Authors: Marshall‐Denton Rhea , Véronneau Marie‐Hélène , Dishion Thomas J. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis study evaluates the internal validity of the “Perception of Peer Group Norms Questionnaire” (PPGNQ), a 17‐item measure that assesses middle school students' perceptions of positive and negative norms among their grade mates. The sample consisted of 1073 Grade 6 students. The factorability of the two hypothesized factors was assessed with Exploratory Factor Analysis and a clear two‐factor structure emerged. Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis this two‐factor model evidenced good fit once items of similar wording and subject matter were permitted to correlate. Support was found for metric, strict, scalar, construct and latent means invariance between genders, suggesting that boys and girls perceived items similarly. The results indicate that the PPGNQ may be recommended as a research questionnaire that demonstrates high internal validity and measurement invariance, and can be used to study the influence of the perception of both negative and positive norms on adolescent behavior in school settings.
The Sexual Impact of Infertility Among Women Seeking Fertility Care
Authors: Winkelman William D. , Katz Patricia P. , Smith James F. , Rowen Tami S. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Introduction
Infertility affects approximately 6.7 million women in the United States. Couples with infertility have significantly more anxiety, depression, and stress. This is compounded by the fact that almost 40% of couples undergoing assisted reproduction technology still cannot conceive, which can have an ongoing effect on quality of life, marital adjustment, and sexual impact.

Aim
To assess the sexual impact of infertility in women undergoing fertility treatment.

Methods
This study is a cross-sectional analysis of women in infertile couples seeking treatment at academic or private infertility clinics. Basic demographic information was collected. Respondents were surveyed regarding sexual impact and perception of their infertility etiology. Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors independently associated with increased sexual impact.

Main Outcome Measure
Sexual impact of perceived fertility diagnosis.

Results
In total, 809 women met the inclusion criteria, of whom 437 (54%) agreed to participate and 382 completed the sexual impact items. Most of the infertility was female factor only (58.8%), whereas 30.4% of infertility was a combination of male and female factors, 7.3% was male factor only, and 3.5% was unexplained infertility. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, women who perceived they had female factor only infertility reported greater sexual impact compared with woman with male factor infertility (P = .01). Respondents who were younger than 40 years experienced a significantly higher sexual impact than respondents older than 40 years (P &lt; .01). When stratified by primary and secondary infertility, respondents with primary infertility overall reported higher sexual impact scores.

Conclusion
In women seeking fertility treatment, younger age and female factor infertility were associated with increased sexual impact and thus these women are potentially at higher risk of sexual dysfunction. Providers should consider the role young age and an infertility diagnosis plays in a women’s sexual well-being.
Learning curves for laparoscopic hysterectomy after implementation of minimally invasive surgery
Authors: Mavrova Russalina , Radosa Julia C. , Wagenpfeil Gudrun , Hamza Amr , Solomayer Erich‐Franz , Juhasz‐Böss Ingolf 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the learning process for total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) and laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy (LSH) for benign uterine pathologies among surgeons inexperienced in laparoscopy.MethodsA retrospective comparative study was conducted of all hysterectomies performed by four attending surgeons and three resident surgeons at a tertiary university center in Homburg/Saar, Germany. Laparoscopic procedures were assessed between October 1, 2009, and October 31, 2010 (period A); November 1, 2010, and March 31, 2012 (period B); and April 1, 2012, and June 30, 2013 (period C). Data were obtained by medical chart review.ResultsOverall, 269 patients underwent TLH and 165 underwent LSH. Duration of surgery for all surgeons decreased from 136 ± 60 minutes in period A to 118 ± 44 minutes in period B (P= 0.013), but increased to 122 ± 56 minutes in period C (A vs C:P= 0.067). Among attending surgeons, the duration of surgery seemed to decrease after 20 TLH procedures and after 10 LSH procedures. Among resident surgeons, duration decreased after 10 LSH procedures; no fall was apparent for TLH.ConclusionBoth TLH and LSH were readily adopted among a group of surgeons inexperienced in laparoscopy, although LSH might be easier to learn. Experienced surgeons have a steeper learning curve than do their inexperienced counterparts.
Interleukin‐6, intracellular adhesion molecule‐1, and glycodelin A levels in serum and peritoneal fluid as biomarkers for endometriosis
Authors: Mosbah Alaa , Nabiel Yasmin , Khashaba Eman 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo compare levels of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), intracellular adhesion molecule‐1 (ICAM‐1), and glycodelin A in serum and peritoneal fluid of patients with and without endometriosis, and to correlate levels with disease stage.MethodsAn observational study was undertaken at Mansoura University Hospital, Egypt, between March 2014 and June 2015. Patients aged 21–48 years laparoscopically diagnosed with endometriosis and those without endometriosis who underwent laparoscopy for tubal ligation were included. Levels of IL‐6, ICAM‐1, and glycodelin A were measured in samples of serum and peritoneal fluid. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate diagnostic accuracy.ResultsForty‐eight women with endometriosis and 20 without the disorder were included. IL‐6 and glycodelin A levels in serum and peritoneal fluid were higher in the endometriosis group than in the control group (P < 0.001 for all); ICAM‐1 levels did not differ. The sensitivity and specificity values were 93.8% and 80.0% for serum IL‐6, 58.3% and 60.0% for serum ICAM‐1, and 91.7% and 75.0% for serum glycodelin A. The corresponding values for peritoneal fluid markers were 85.4% and 89.0%, 60.4% and 50.0%, and 89.6% and 90.0%, respectively. IL‐6 and glycodelin A levels in serum and peritoneal fluid increased with disease stage (P < 0.001 for all).ConclusionIL‐6 and glycodelin A, but not ICAM‐1, are potential biomarkers for endometriosis and are positively correlated with the disease stage.
Factors predictive of mortality in a cohort of women surgically treated for breast cancer from 1997 to 2014
Authors: García‐Fernández Antonio , Barco Israel , Fraile Manel , Lain José M. , Carmona Ana , Gonzalez Sonia , Pessarrodona Antoni , Giménez Nuria , García‐Font Marc 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether previously reported factors predictive of breast cancer mortality are effectively linked with mortality, particularly breast‐cancer‐specific mortality.MethodsIn a prospective study, clinical, surgical, and follow‐up data were assessed for consecutive patients with breast cancer who underwent surgery between 1997 and 2014 at two centers in Barcelona, Spain. Predictors of mortality were assessed by multivariate analysis.ResultsOverall, 2134 patients were treated for 2206 breast tumors. Overall mortality was 15.0% (n=319), and breast‐cancer‐specific mortality was 9.0% (n=191). On multivariate analysis, the most significant factors associated with breast‐cancer‐specific mortality were clinical stage, inmunohistochemical profile, locoregional relapse, and lymphovascular invasion (all P<0.001). Age at onset, participation in the mass‐screening program, histologic grade, and multicentricity were not significant. Patients with three or more positive axillary nodes sustained a specific mortality significantly higher than did node‐negative patients or those with fewer than three positive nodes.ConclusionFactors predictive of breast cancer mortality were clinical stage, locoregional relapse, molecular classification, lymphovascular invasion, and neoadjuvant chemotherapy. As a single factor, nodal disease becomes relevant only when three or more lymph nodes are involved.
Pain-related distress and clinical depression in chronic pain: A comparison between two measures
Authors: Rusu Adina C. , Santos Rita , Pincus Tamar 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background and purpose
Depression is a frequent co-morbid diagnosis in chronic pain, and has been shown to predict poor outcome. Several reviews have described the difficulty in accurate and appropriate measurement of depression in pain patients, and have proposed a distinction between pain-related distress and clinical depression. Aims of the current study were to compare (a) the overlap and differential categorisation of pain patients as depressed, and (b) the relationship to disability between the Structured Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-Depression module) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D).

Methods
Seventy-eight chronic back pain patients were administered the SCID-D, the HADS-D and the Pain Disability Index (PDI).

Results
Significantly more patients were categorised with possible and probable depression by the HADS than the SCID-D. Results from Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis suggested that the HADS-D provided better discriminatory ability to detect disability, demonstrating a better balance between sensitivity and specificity compared to the SCID-D, although a direct comparison between the two measurements showed no difference.

Conclusions
The HADS-D is a reasonably accurate indicator of pain-related distress in chronic pain patients, and captures the link between disability and mood.

Implications
It is likely that the SCID-D is better suited to identifying sub-groups with more pronounced psychiatric disturbance.

Perspective
Several reviews have proposed a distinction between pain-related distress and clinical depression. This study compared the overlap and differential categorisation of pain patients as depressed and the relationship to disability between the Structured Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-D; Depression module) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS-D).
© 2016 Scandinavian Association for the Study of Pain. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Paleomagnetic secular variation and environmental magnetism of Holocene-age sediments from Tulare Lake, CA
Authors: Roza Janine , Jackson Brandon , Heaton Eric , Negrini Rob 
Published: May 2016

The lake-level record from Tulare Lake, CA has been shown to provide valuable constraints on late Pleistocene and Holocene runoff from the Sierra Nevada mountain range into the San Joaquin Valley of California, one of the world's most prolific agricultural centers. This project uses the magnetic properties of the Tulare Lake sediments in order to date the sediments and to constrain the relative lake level at the time of deposition. Shallowing lake conditions were identified leading up to a prominent unconformity; magnetic mineralogy and grain size indicators, primarily decreasing ARM/IRM and S-Ratio values suggest coarser grain sizes and more oxidizing conditions. Approximately half of the samples possessed well-behaved paleomagnetic directions suitable for paleomagnetic secular variation dating. The results indicate that the sediments below the unconformity were deposited approximately 7600–8500 cal yr BP, and the sediments above the unconformity were deposited approximately 2500–800 cal yr BP. The ages of the corresponding sediments are consistent with the time intervals during which previous studies indicate that lake level was above the elevation of this site, before and after a mid Holocene regression.
Localized structural frustration for evaluating the impact of sequence variants
Authors: Kumar Sushant , Clarke Declan , Gerstein Mark 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe rapidly declining costs of sequencing human genomes and exomes are providing deeper insights into genomic variation than previously possible. Growing sequence datasets are uncovering large numbers of rare single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) in coding regions, many of which may even be unique to single individuals. The rarity of such variants makes it difficult to use conventional variant-phenotype associations as a means of predicting their potential impacts. As such, protein structures may help to provide the needed means for inferring otherwise difficult-to-discern rare SNV-phenotype associations. Previous efforts have sought to quantify the effects of SNVs on structures by evaluating their impacts on global stability. However, local perturbations can severely impact functionality (such as catalysis, allosteric regulation, interactions and specificity) without strongly disrupting global stability. Here, we describe a workflow in which localized frustration (which quantifies unfavorable residue-residue interactions) is employed as a metric to investigate such effects. We apply frustration to study the impacts of a large number of SNVs available throughout a number of next-generation sequencing datasets. Most of our observations are intuitively consistent: we observe that disease-associated SNVs have a strong proclivity to induce strong changes in localized frustration, and rare variants tend to disrupt local interactions to a larger extent than do common variants. Furthermore, we observe that somatic SNVs associated with oncogenes induce stronger perturbations at the surface, whereas those associated with tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) induce stronger perturbations in the interior. These findings are consistent with the notion that gain-of-function (for oncogenes) and loss-of-function events (for TSGs) may act through changes in regulatory interactions and basic functionality, respectively
Denoising Genome-wide Histone ChIP-seq with Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Koh Pang Wei , Pierson Emma , Kundaje Anshul 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMotivationChromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments are commonly used to obtain genome-wide profiles of histone modifications associated with different types of functional genomic elements. However, the quality of histone ChIP-seq data is affected by a myriad of experimental parameters such as the amount of input DNA, antibody specificity, ChIP enrichment, and sequencing depth. Making accurate inferences from chromatin profiling experiments that involve diverse experimental parameters is challenging.ResultsWe introduce a convolutional denoising algorithm, Coda, that uses convolutional neural networks to learn a mapping from suboptimal to high-quality histone ChIP-seq data. This overcomes various sources of noise and variability, substantially enhancing and recovering signal when applied to low-quality chromatin profiling datasets across individuals, cell types, and species. Our method has the potential to improve data quality at reduced costs. More broadly, this approach – using a high-dimensional discriminative model to encode a generative noise process – is generally applicable to other biological domains where it is easy to generate noisy data but difficult to analytically characterize the noise or underlying data distribution.Availabilityhttps://github.com/kundajelab/codaContactakundaje@stanford.edu
Drosophilapoised enhancers are generated during tissue patterning with the help of repression
Authors: Koenecke Nina , Johnston Jeff , He Qiye , Zeitlinger Julia 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHistone modifications are frequently used as markers for enhancer states, but how to interpret enhancer states in the context of embryonic development is not clear. The poised enhancer signature, involving H3K4me1 and low levels of H3K27ac, has been reported to mark inactive enhancers that are poised for future activation. However, future activation is not always observed and alternative reasons for the widespread occurrence of this enhancer signature have not been investigated. By analyzing enhancers during dorsal-ventral (DV) axis formation in theDrosophilaembryo, we find that the poised enhancer signature is specifically generated during patterning in the tissue where the enhancers are not induced, including at enhancers that are known to be repressed by a transcriptional repressor. These results suggest that, rather than serving simply as an intermediate step before future activation, the poised enhancer state may mark enhancers for spatial activation during tissue patterning. We discuss the possibility that the poised enhancer state is more generally the result of repression by transcriptional repressors.
GPCRdb: the G protein‐coupled receptor database – an introduction
Authors: Munk C , Isberg V , Mordalski S , Harpsøe K , Rataj K , Hauser A S , Kolb P , Bojarski A J , Vriend G , Gloriam D E 
Published: May 2016

AbstractGPCRs make up the largest family of human membrane proteins and of drug targets. Recent advances in GPCR pharmacology and crystallography have shed new light on signal transduction, allosteric modulation and biased signalling, translating into new mechanisms and principles for drug design. The GPCR database, GPCRdb, has served the community for over 20 years and has recently been extended to include a more multidisciplinary audience. This review is intended to introduce new users to the services in GPCRdb, which meets three overall purposes: firstly, to provide reference data in an integrated, annotated and structured fashion, with a focus on sequences, structures, single‐point mutations and ligand interactions. Secondly, to equip the community with a suite of web tools for swift analysis of structures, sequence similarities, receptor relationships, and ligand target profiles. Thirdly, to facilitate dissemination through interactive diagrams of, for example, receptor residue topologies, phylogenetic relationships and crystal structure statistics. Herein, these services are described for the first time; visitors and guides are provided with good practices for their utilization. Finally, we describe complementary databases cross‐referenced by GPCRdb and web servers with corresponding functionality.
Le pouvoir du crédit au XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Lilti Antoine 
Published: May 2016

Résumé
Aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, le terme « crédit » recouvrait une très large gamme de phénomènes. Il désignait non seulement une créance financière, comme de nos jours, mais aussi et même surtout la réputation d’une personne, la confiance qu’elle inspirait et, par conséquent, sa capacité d’action, notamment politique. Dans un livre audacieux, Credit, Fashion, Sex: Economies of Regard in Old Regime France, Clare Haru Crowston a essayé de comprendre la diversité des significations et des pratiques qui faisaient du crédit le « secret de polichinelle » de la société d’Ancien Régime. Nous essayons de prendre la mesure des enjeux soulevés par le livre et des questions méthodologique qu’il pose : comment peut-on écrire une histoire intellectuelle des pratiques sociales ?
Adaptabilité versus inaliénabilité Les dérogations des fidéicommis dans la Venise du XVIIIe siècle
Authors: Chauvard Jean-François 
Published: May 2016

Résumé
À la différence d’autres États italiens, Venise n’a jamais cherché à réformer les fidéicommis, ces fondations testamentaires qui empêchaient l’aliénation des biens et définissaient in perpetuum la ligne de succession. Avec des hésitations, l’État patricien a cependant légiféré sur les fidéicommis à mesure qu’ils entraient en contradiction avec d’autres institutions (dot, fisc) et d’autres systèmes de normes (crédit). Au nom de leur intérêt, il a aussi défini les conditions de levée de l’inaliénabilité des biens, dépassant la contradiction entre la conservation à l’identique et des accommodements avec le principe de prohibition. Comment s’opérait le passage entre l’indisponible et le disponible ? Tel est l’objet de cet article quimet en évidence la différence de traitement des biens immeubles et des capitaux sujets à fidéicommis. À partir du XVIe siècle, la levée de l’inaliénabilité des biens immeubles étaitune prérogative du Grand Conseil, l’organe souverain, à l’issue d’une lourde procédure qui impliquait plusieurs magistratures. L’octroi des dérogations par la grâce fut cependant parcimonieux à cause des conditions très restrictives d’acceptabilité des requêtes. L’image des biens immeubles qui ne sortaient qu’exceptionnellement des fidéicommis contraste avec celle des capitaux assujettis – rentes publiques ou prêts aux particuliers – qui étaient appelés à circuler à la faveur de remboursements et qu’il fallait réemployer au bénéfice du fidéicommis. Les juges du Procurator avaient le contrôle sur la procédure de levée de dépôt destinée à ce que le représentant du fidéicommis n’ait jamais les capitaux entre les mains. Garants de l’intégrité des fidéicommis, les juges étaient placés dans une position ambivalente à l’égard des ayants droit dont ils devaient surveiller les actes et dont ils étaient aussi les auxiliaires. Pour les requérants, ce dispositif s’avérait d’une grande plasticité puisqu’il I I permettait de remodeler le contenu du fidéicommis sans changer le périmètre de sa valeur.
SISTEMAS TUTORES INTELIGENTES COMO APOYO EN EL PROCESO DE APRENDIZAJE
Authors: Molina Hurtatiz Yilver Estiven , Pascuas Rengifo Yois Smith , Millan Rojas Edwin Eduardo 
Published: May 2016

En los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje surgen diversos problemas en cuanto al entendimiento y la comprensión del conocimiento. Estas dificultades radican principalmente en que todas las personas tienen un estilo de aprendizaje diferente y los métodos clásicos de enseñanza no cubren sus necesidades particulares. El desarrollo de la tecnología ha impulsado la creación de herramientas que brindan una solución eficiente a dicha problemática: los Sistemas Tutores Inteligentes (STI). El objetivo principal de este artículo es la identificación de las principales características de estos tutores, haciendo énfasis en los beneficios que ofrece como apoyo en los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en el contexto educativo. El método utilizado es el descriptivo y sistémico, el cual permite recopilar los datos necesarios. La investigación permitió reunir los aspectos más relevantes de los STI y presentarlos como una herramienta óptima para llevar a cabo un proceso de aprendizaje.Intelligent System Tutors as Support in the Learning ProcessAbstractIn the teaching and learning processes various problems arise as to the understanding and comprehension of knowledge. These difficulties are mainly in which everyone has a different way of learning and classic teaching methods do not meet your particular needs. The development of technology has led to the creation of tools that provides an efficient solution to this problem: Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS). The main objective of this article is to identify the main features of these tutors, emphasizing the benefits and support in the teaching-learning in the educational context. The method used is the descriptive and systemic, which allows you to collect the necessary data. The research brought together the most important aspects of ITS and present them as an excellent tool to perform a learning process.Keywords: intelligent applications, teaching strategies, Artificial Intelligence (IA), modules, knowledge.