bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overlay tunneling as a policy tool for defending mobile ad hoc networks
Authors: Liu Xiruo , Trappe Wade 
Published: October 2016

AbstractMobile ad hoc networks face many challenges when they are deployed, particularly problems associated with security and network failures arising from the dynamics of their network topologies. To address these issues, there have been many efforts to introduce security into the actual network protocols, most of which unfortunately struggle with the trade‐off between security and network overhead. Consequently, it is often desirable to have a lightweight approach to introduce security and robustness, where one employs conventional and well‐understood network protocols, and attempts to achieve the assurability of the network through higher‐layer, overlay mechanisms. This paper explores a lightweight overlay tunneling scheme operating at the Internet protocol layer as a policy tool that can mitigate network failures and attacks directed at the network without involving the redesign of the underlying routing protocols. Moreover, two optimizations are proposed that lead to improved performance when additional information is available. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating the work–family conflict and health link: Repetitive thought as a mechanism
Authors: Davis Kelly D. , Gere Judith , Sliwinski Martin J. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractResearch is needed to investigate mechanisms linking work–family conflict to poor health in working adults. We took a novel approach to build on extant studies by testing a potential mechanism in these associations – repetitive thought. Data came from a sample of 203 partnered working adults. There were significant direct effects of work–family conflict with lower life satisfaction, positive affect, and perceived health as well as greater fatigue. As for total effects, work–family conflict was significantly associated with all health outcomes – life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect, fatigue, perceived health, and chronic health conditions – in the expected directions through repetitive thought. This study provides support that repetitive thought is one potential mechanism of how work–family conflict can take a toll on psychological and physical health. Findings are discussed in relation to improving workplace policies to improve the health of working adults managing work–family conflict.
A model for assessing and re‐assessing the value of software reuse
Authors: Svahnberg Mikael , Gorschek Tony 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackgroundSoftware reuse is often seen as a cost avoidance rather than a gained value. This results in a rather one‐sided debate where issues such a resource control, release schedule, quality, or reuse in more than one release are neglected.AimsWe propose a reuse value assessment framework, intended to provide a more nuanced view of the value and costs associated with different reuse candidates.MethodThis framework is constructed based on findings from an interview study at a large software development company.ResultsThe framework considers the functionality, compliance to standards, provided quality, and provided support of a reuse candidate, thus enabling an informed comparison between different reuse candidates. Furthermore, the framework provides means for tracking the value of the reused asset throughout subsequent releases.ConclusionsThe reuse value assessment framework is a tool to assist in the selection between different reuse candidates. The framework also provides a means to assess the current value of a reusable asset in a product, which can be used to indicate where maintenance efforts would increase the utilized potential of the reusable asset.
Two new species of Ichthyosaurus from the lowermost Jurassic (Hettangian) of Somerset, England
Authors: Lomax Dean R. , Massare Judy A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAll specimens of Ichthyosaurus from the Lower Jurassic of Somerset were previously identified as I. communis, an abundant and extremely variable species. Here, two new species of Ichthyosaurus are recognized from multiple specimens. The species are assigned to Ichthyosaurus on the basis of the humerus, pectoral girdle and forefin morphologies. I. larkini sp. nov. is distinguished by a broad jugal with a blunt anterior end that extends as far forward as the middle of the external naris, separating the maxilla and lacrimal; and a unique combination of other features. I. somersetensis sp. nov. is distinguished by a jugal with a nearly straight dorsal ramus that lacks a right‐angle dorsal bend; a high, narrow, crescentic postorbital that forms almost all of the posterior margin of the orbit and separates the jugal dorsal ramus from the orbit; and an ilium that is wide relative to its length, more oblong than rib‐like. The identifications are supported by a phylogenetic analysis which finds the new species more closely related to each other than to other species of the genus. We also identify a squamosal in both species, which confirms that it is present in the genus. This study suggests that hindfin morphology has some taxonomic utility, at least within the genus. The new species increases the diversity of Ichthyosaurus to six species, three of which are found in the Hettangian of Somerset.
Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) Reaction Derived Nitroallylic Alcohols, Acetates and Amines as Synthons in Organocatalysis and Heterocycle Synthesis
Authors: Huang Wan‐Yun , Anwar Shaik , Chen Kwunmin 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe Morita–Baylis–Hillman (MBH) reaction is one of the most useful and efficient protocols for constructing new carbon–carbon bonds between an activated olefin and electrophiles in the presence of a tertiary amine/phosphine. Herein, we present the use of MBH alcohols, which are obtained from the reaction of nitrostyrenes with aldehydes, as well as acetates and amines derived thereof in several organocatalytic transformations. Densely functionalised MBH adducts can also be used to synthesise substituted heteroaromatic compounds, such as furan, pyrrole, pyrazole and imidazole derivatives.
Maternal cardiac function at 35–37 weeks' gestation: relationship with birth weight
Authors: Guy G. P. , Ling H. Z. , Machuca M. , Poon L. C. , Nicolaides K. H. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the relationship between maternal cardiovascular parameters and neonatal birth weight and examine the potential value of these parameters in improving the prediction of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) and large‐for‐gestational‐age (LGA) neonates provided by maternal characteristics and medical history.MethodsIn 2835 singleton pregnancies maternal characteristics and medical history were recorded and maternal cardiovascular parameters were measured. The observed measurements of cardiovascular parameters were expressed as multiples of the normal median (MoM) values after adjustment for those characteristics found to provide a substantial contribution to their measurement. Regression analysis was used to determine the significance of association between the normalized values of the cardiovascular parameters with birth‐weight Z‐score. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was then used to determine if the maternal factors, fetal biometry and maternal cardiovascular parameters had a significant contribution to predicting SGA and LGA neonates. The performance of screening was determined by the area under receiver–operating characteristics curves (AUC).ResultsIn the study population there were significant positive associations between maternal cardiac output and heart rate with neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score, and significant negative associations between total peripheral resistance and mean arterial pressure (MAP) with neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score. In pregnancies delivering SGA neonates (n = 249 (8.8%)), cardiac output and heart rate were lower and total peripheral resistance and MAP were higher, whereas in pregnancies delivering LGA neonates (n = 292 (10.3%)) cardiac output and heart rate were higher and total peripheral resistance and MAP were lower. The performance of screening for delivery of SGA neonates achieved by maternal characteristics and fetal biometry was not improved by the measurement of maternal cardiovascular parameters. There was a small but significant improvement in the performance of screening for delivery of LGA neonates by maternal factors and fetal biometry with the addition of maternal heart rate (comparison of AUC, P = 0.0095).ConclusionsThere are significant associations between maternal cardiac output, heart rate, total peripheral resistance and MAP and neonatal birth‐weight Z‐score; such findings reflect the close relationship between maternal cardiac function and fetal demands. However, assessment of these parameters at 35–37 weeks' gestation is unlikely to improve substantially the performance of screening for SGA or LGA neonates provided by a combination of maternal factors and fetal biometry. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Performance of third‐trimester combined screening model for prediction of adverse perinatal outcome
Authors: Miranda J. , Triunfo S. , Rodriguez‐Lopez M. , Sairanen M. , Kouru H. , Parra‐Saavedra M. , Crovetto F. , Figueras F. , Crispi F. , Gratacós E. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo explore the potential value of third‐trimester combined screening for the prediction of adverse perinatal outcome (APO) in the general population and among small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) fetuses.MethodsThis was a nested case–control study within a prospective cohort of 1590 singleton gestations undergoing third‐trimester evaluation (32 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks' gestation). Maternal baseline characteristics, mean arterial blood pressure, fetoplacental ultrasound and circulating biochemical markers (placental growth factor (PlGF), lipocalin‐2, unconjugated estriol and inhibin A) were assessed in all women who subsequently had an APO (n = 148) and in a control group without perinatal complications (n = 902). APO was defined as the occurrence of stillbirth, umbilical artery cord blood pH < 7.15, 5‐min Apgar score < 7 or emergency operative delivery for fetal distress. Logistic regression models were developed for the prediction of APO in the general population and among SGA cases (defined as customized birth weight < 10th centile).ResultsThe prevalence of APO was 9.3% in the general population and 27.4% among SGA cases. In the general population, a combined screening model including a‐priori risk (maternal characteristics), estimated fetal weight (EFW) centile, umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA‐PI), estriol and PlGF achieved a detection rate for APO of 26% (area under receiver–operating characteristics curve (AUC), 0.59 (95% CI, 0.54–0.65)), at a 10% false‐positive rate (FPR). Among SGA cases, a model including a‐priori risk, EFW centile, UA‐PI, cerebroplacental ratio, estriol and PlGF predicted 62% of APO (AUC, 0.86 (95% CI, 0.80–0.92)) at a FPR of 10%.ConclusionsThe use of fetal ultrasound and maternal biochemical markers at 32–36 weeks provides a poor prediction of APO in the general population. Although it remains limited, the performance of the screening model is improved when applied to fetuses with suboptimal fetal growth. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the fetal brain in intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Arthurs O. J. , Rega A. , Guimiot F. , Belarbi N. , Rosenblatt J. , Biran V. , Elmaleh M. , Sebag G. , Alison M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveDiffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a sensitive method for assessing brain maturation and detecting brain lesions, providing apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values as a measure of water diffusion. Abnormal ADC values are seen in ischemic brain lesions, such as those associated with acute or chronic hypoxia. The aim of this study was to assess whether ADC values in the fetal brain were different in fetuses with severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) compared with normal controls.MethodsBrain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with single‐shot axial DWI (b = 0 and b = 700 s/mm2) was performed in 30 fetuses with severe IUGR (estimated fetal weight < 3rd centile with absent or reversed umbilical artery Doppler flow) and in 24 normal controls of similar gestational age. Brain morphology and biometry were analyzed. ADC values were measured in frontal and occipital white matter, centrum semiovale, thalami, cerebellar hemisphere and pons. Frontal–occipital and frontal–cerebellar ADC ratios were calculated, and values were compared between IUGR fetuses and controls.ResultsThere was no difference in gestational age at MRI between IUGR and control fetuses (IUGR, 30.2 ± 1.6 weeks vs controls, 30.7 ± 1.4 weeks). Fetal brain morphology and signals were normal in all fetuses. Brain dimensions (supratentorial ± infratentorial) were decreased (Z‐score, < –2) in 20 (66.7%) IUGR fetuses. Compared with controls, IUGR fetuses had significantly lower ADC values in frontal white matter (1.97 ± 0.23 vs 2.17 ± 0.22 × 10–3 mm2/s; P < 0.0001), thalami (1.04 ± 0.15 vs 1.13 ± 0.10 ×10–3 mm2/s; P = 0.0002), centrum semiovale (1.86 ± 0.22 vs 1.97 ± 0.23 ×10–3 mm2/s; P = 0.01) and pons (0.85 ± 0.19 vs 0.94 ± 0.12 ×10–3 mm2/s; P = 0.043). IUGR fetuses had a lower frontal–occipital ADC ratio than did normal fetuses (1.00 ± 0.11 vs 1.08 ± 0.05; P = 0.003).ConclusionsADC values in IUGR fetuses were significantly lower than in normal controls in the frontal white matter, thalami, centrum semiovale and pons, suggesting abnormal maturation in these regions. However, the prognostic value of these ADC changes is still unknown. Copyright © 2016 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Complications of intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion: lessons learned after 1678 procedures
Authors: Zwiers C. , Lindenburg I. T. M. , Klumper F. J. , de Haas M. , Oepkes D. , Van Kamp I. L. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTObjectiveMaternal alloimmunization to fetal red‐blood‐cell antigens is a major cause of fetal anemia, which can lead to hydrops and perinatal death if untreated. The cornerstone of management during pregnancy is intrauterine intravascular blood transfusion (IUT). Although this procedure is considered relatively safe, complications continue to occur. The aim of this study was to evaluate rates of procedure‐related complications and perinatal loss following IUT, and their change over time, in order to identify factors leading to improved outcome.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of all IUTs for red‐cell alloimmunization performed at the national referral center for fetal therapy in The Netherlands, from 1988 to 2015. Differences in complication rates and their associations with alterations in transfusion technique after 2001 were assessed.ResultsBetween 1988 and 2015, 1678 IUTs were performed in 589 fetuses. For IUTs performed in 2001 and onwards, there was significant improvement in survival (88.6% vs 97.0%, P < 0.001) and a decline in procedure‐related complications per fetus (9.8% vs 3.3%, P = 0.001) and per procedure (3.4% vs 1.2%, P = 0.003) compared with those performed before 2001. Procedure‐related perinatal loss declined from 4.7% to 1.8% per fetus (P = 0.053). Beneficial changes in transfusion technique were routine use of fetal paralysis, increased use of intrahepatic transfusion and avoidance of arterial puncture.ConclusionsIUT has become an increasingly safe procedure in recent years when performed by experienced hands. The chosen technique should be fine‐tuned according to the patient's individual situation. The declining complication rates are most likely related to center volume: this rare procedure is best performed in experienced fetal therapy centers. © 2016 Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Capacity value assessments of wind power
Authors: Milligan Michael , Frew Bethany , Ibanez Eduardo , Kiviluoma Juha , Holttinen Hannele , Söder Lennart 
Published: October 2016

This article describes some of the recent research into the capacity value of wind power. With the worldwide increase in wind power during the past several years, there is increasing interest and significance regarding its capacity value because this has a direct influence on the amount of other (nonwind) capacity that is needed. We build on previous reviews from IEEE and IEA Wind Task 25a and examine recent work that evaluates the impact of multiple‐year data sets and the impact of interconnected systems on resource adequacy. We also provide examples that explore the use of alternative reliability metrics for wind capacity value calculations. We show how multiple‐year data sets significantly increase the robustness of results compared to single‐year assessments. Assumptions regarding the transmission interconnections play a significant role. To date, results regarding which reliability metric to use for probabilistic capacity valuation show little sensitivity to the metric. WIREs Energy Environ 2017, 6:e226. doi: 10.1002/wene.226This article is categorized under:

Wind Power > Economics and Policy
Wind Power > Systems and Infrastructure
Energy Infrastructure > Economics and Policy
Enteric Duplication Cysts in Children: A Single‐Institution Series with Forty Patients in Twenty‐Six Years
Authors: Erginel Basak , Soysal Feryal Gun , Ozbey Huseyin , Keskin Erbug , Celik Alaattin , Karadag Aslıhan , Salman Tansu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPurpose
The purpose of the study was to evaluate our experience with enteric duplication cysts in 40 children during the past 26 years, while assessing the variability of their presentations and to propose an algorithm for surgical management.Methods
We retrospectively analysed sex, age, clinical presentations, duplication site, surgical treatment, presence of ectopic tissue, complications, associated anomalies, and prognosis of 40 patients with gastrointestinal tract duplications who were surgically treated in our clinic.ResultsOverall, there was a predominance of boys (28 males, 70 %; 12 females, 30 %). The presenting symptom was vomiting in 23 patients, rectal bleeding in 11 patients, abdominal mass in 10 patients, abdominal pain in 9 patients, constipation in 6 patients, cough in 2 patients, and respiratory distress in 2 patients. In 30 patients, a complete excision of the cyst with additional segmental intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed. Cystectomy was performed in seven patients, while complete excision of the cyst with additional wedge resection was performed in two. A Wrenn procedure (mucosectomy) was performed in one patient.ConclusionDue to the variability in the site of enteric duplications, a wide range of presenting symptoms can exist, which is challenging for diagnosis. In children with a diagnosis of acute abdomen, enteric duplication cysts should be considered, and these children should be further investigated for additional skeletal, urogenital, and gastrointestinal system pathologies. Surgical treatment depends on the site and type of the cyst.
Biosynthesis, regulation, and engineering of a linear polyketide tautomycetin: a novel immunosuppressant in Streptomyces sp. CK4412
Authors: Choi Si-Sun , Nah Hee-Ju , Pyeon Hye-rim , Kim Eung-Soo 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Tautomycetin (TMC) is a natural product with a linear structure that includes an ester bond connecting a dialkylmaleic moiety to a type I polyketide chain. Although TMC was originally identified as an antifungal antibiotic in the late 1980s, follow-up studies revealed its novel immunosuppressant activity. Specifically, TMC exhibited a mechanistically unique immunosuppressant activity about 100 times higher than that of cyclosporine A, a widely used immunosuppressant drug. Interestingly, a structurally close relative, tautomycin (TTM), was reported to not possess TMC-like immunosuppressant activity, suggesting that a distinctive polyketide moiety of TMC plays a critical role in immunosuppressant activity. Cloning and engineering of a TMC polyketide biosynthetic gene cluster generated several derivatives showing different biological activities. TMC was also found to be biosynthesized as a linear structure without forming a lactone ring, unlike the most polyketide-based compounds, implying the presence of a unique polyketide thioesterase in the cluster. Although TMC biosynthesis was limited due to its tight regulation by two pathway-specific regulatory genes located in the cluster, its production was significantly stimulated through homologous and heterologous expression of its entire biosynthetic gene cluster using a Streptomyces artificial chromosome vector system. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advances in the biosynthesis, regulation, and pathway engineering of a linear polyketide, TMC, in Streptomyces sp. CK4412.
Educational and Psychosocial Support Needs in Lynch Syndrome: Implementation and Assessment of an Educational Workshop and Support Group
Authors: Corines Marina J. , Hamilton Jada G. , Glogowski Emily , Anrig Chris A. , Goldberg Rachael , Niehaus Kate , Salo‐Mullen Erin , Harlan Megan , Sheehan Margaret R. , Trottier Magan , Ahsraf Asad , Tran Christina , Jacobs Lauren , Rau‐Murthy Rohini , Lincoln Anne G. , Robson Mark E. , Guillem Jose G. , Markowitz Arnold J. , Offit Kenneth , Stadler Zsofia K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFew reports of educational and counseling support resources exist for Lynch syndrome (LS), a disorder requiring multi‐organ cancer screening and specialized medical care throughout adult life. Here we describe the development and efficacy of two resources designed to address this need, the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Clinical Genetics Service annual Lynch Syndrome Educational Workshop (LSEW), and a quarterly Lynch Syndrome Patient Advocacy Network (LSPAN) support group. The LSEW and LSPAN were implemented beginning in 2012. Participant survey data evaluating satisfaction, clarity, and unmet needs for each event were retrospectively analyzed and summarized using descriptive statistics. Annual LSEW attendance ranged from 53 to 75 total participants. LSEW year 1 participants indicated a need for a support group, and preferred in‐person meetings at a frequency of every 3–6 months. For LSEW year 2–5 participants, >96 % reported satisfaction with the LSEW, and >82 % expressed interest in secure online support. Common themes for improvement included increased time for question and answer sessions and additional introductory genetics education. Responding LSPAN participants (n = 57 total survey responses in 11 meetings) found the meetings helpful (100 %), information clear (91 %), and presence of a genetic counselor useful (67 %). Desired discussion topics included coping with stress and anxiety, development of a support network, family communication about LS, genetic testing decisions, and bereavement. Following genetic counseling, a need exists for ongoing educational and emotional support in LS. Implementation of resources such as the LSEW and LSPAN is feasible and perceived as helpful by participants.