bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-Patient and Post-Discharge Suicides in Tyrol 2004–2011
Authors: Deisenhammer E.A. , Behrndt E.M. , Kemmler G. , Haring C. , Miller C. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPsychiatric patients constitute a high-risk population for suicide. In-patient status and the period after discharge are of particular interest concerning risk assessment.ObjectiveTo assess risk factors for in-patient and post-discharge suicides.MethodsThe Tyrol suicide register was linked with the registers of three psychiatric departments/hospitals of the region. Suicides were categorized according to whether the suicide was committed during a hospital stay or within 12 weeks after discharge or whether the suicide subject had not recently been hospitalized. Groups were compared with regard to demographic and clinical variables. Further, case-control comparisons were performed for the in-patient and post-discharge groups.ResultsDuring the study period (2004–2011) 30 in-patients, 89 post-discharge and 592 not recently hospitalized suicides were identified. Groups differed in terms of gender distribution, history of suicide attempts, warning signals and suicide methods. Compared with controls matched for a number of variables, in-patient suicides were significantly more suicidal and depressed at admission, reported more often a recent life event and showed less often aggressive behavior and plans for the future. Post-discharge suicides had more often a history of attempted suicide, depressive and thought disorder symptomatology, a ward change and an unplanned discharge and less often a scheduled appointment with a non-psychiatric physician.ConclusionsSuicide victims differ with regard to whether they die during, shortly after or not associated with a hospitalization. Compared to controls there are specific risk factors for those who commit suicide during a hospital stay and within 12 weeks after discharge.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pressure From Superiors and Older Age Increase the Risk of Burnout Syndrome Among Psychiatric Trainees: A Nation-wide Survey in Turkey
Authors: Capraz N. , Ceylan Tufan Ozalp D. , Yalcin M. , Tellioglu Can E. , Alkin T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPrevious studies reported high burnout rates and indicated significant factors associated with burnout syndrome among psychiatric trainees, such as hard working conditions, lack of supervision and not opting for psychiatry as a first career choice.ObjectivesA substantial amount of variance was reported in psychiatry training across countries. However, there is not sufficient national data regarding the rates and risk factors of burnout syndrome among psychiatric trainees in Turkey.AimsTo determine the burnout syndrome rates and the risk factors associated with burnout syndrome among psychiatric trainees.MethodsA questionnaire of occupational, educational and personal factors and Maslach burnout inventory (MBI) were answered by 180 of 450 psychiatric trainees in Turkey. The data was collected from 167 (56% females) trainees who completed the survey material. Converting the scores of three subscales by using MBI manual, a dichotomous variable (severe/non-severe burnout) was obtained for each participant and the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression models.ResultsMean age was 28.85 ± 2.99-year-old and mean duration of residency was 2.61 ± 1.31 years. Severe burnout was found in 38.3% of the trainees. Logistic regression confirmed that older age (P = 0.02) and pressure from superiors (P = 0.04) are predictive factors associated with severe burnout. The high number of patient visits (P = 0.001), violation of employee personal rights (P = 0.04) and pressure from superiors (P = 0.01) were significantly associated with the “wish working in another institution”.ConclusionsPressure from superiors and older age can be described as risk factors associated with burnout syndrome among psychiatric trainees in Turkey.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The EPA Gaining Experience Programme: A Great Experience for Young Professionals
Authors: Oriani M.G. , Beezhold J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMental health services in many European countries are undergoing to changes: it is important that early career psychiatrists (ECPs) have opportunities to broaden their professional horizons and better understand the international context of the upcoming changes: then, they can become aware protagonists of these changes and the future of the mental health system in their countries and in Europe. The gaining experience programme (GEP), offering ECPs observership placements in various psychiatric institutions across the Europe, can boost it.AimsWe aim to consider how the EPA GEP can provide a unique professional and cultural understanding of the mental health services across the Europe and positively affect the ECPs’ career.Methods and resultsStarting from an experience of the GEP in 2016, we will discuss how it represents a great chance to observe the clinical work of multidisciplinary teams and an opportunity to visit different countries. Many aspects were significant, starting from the different organization of the mental health services, as well as the influence of different cultures on the mental health care system and the patient's expectations.ConclusionsAttending EPA GEP is an important chance for ECPs to improve their professional and organizational skills as well as a great skill-building opportunity and personal growth experience. The GEP is at his third edition this year and it has having a growing success among young psychiatrists. It gives them a chance to improve mentoring and professional networks among experts and ECPs and to get more involved in the EPA activities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychiatric Trainees: Swiss Penknives for a Cheap Price?
Authors: Sönmez E. , De Picker L. , Ryland H. , Pinto Da Costa M. , Gargot T. , Viltrakyte I. , Grassl R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionGlobal trends in the nature of working conditions pose significant threats to the training of medical professionals, as a result of cuts in educational grants and the salaries of professionals in training. Psychiatric trainees are not exempt from these changes.ObjectivesTo determine the current working conditions of psychiatric trainees and how they impact on their experience of training.MethodsA semi-structured survey was distributed to all members of the European forum of psychiatric trainees. Responses were collected online from 34 participating countries. The respondents were representatives of national trainee associations. Data collection was completed between May and July 2016.ResultsRespondents reported that the most important issues affecting postgraduate training were firstly working conditions, then salary, psychotherapy training and supervision, respectively. The average official mandatory working hours for a trainee, including on call duty was reported to be on average 40.16 (± 10.14 hours per week). In reality, the time that trainees report working is more than 20% higher than official working hours (on average 49.08 ± 15 per week). There is an officially recognized minimum vacation period of 20 days in almost all countries, ranging up to a maximum of 40 days (mean: 26.93 ± 4.97, per year). Salaries demonstrate an even greater variation, ranging from 100 Euros (as in the case of Moldova), up to over 5000 Euros (as in the case of Germany or Switzerland) per month.ConclusionPsychiatric trainees often work longer than the officially recognized hours and their income varies considerably between countries, which have been identified as the two biggest challenges trainees face.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Parenting a Child with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Qualitative Study from a Developing Nation, India
Authors: Shah R. , Sharma A. , Grover S. , Chauhan N. , Jhanda S. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLike elsewhere, studies from developing countries suggest that parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) report significant stress. Besides symptoms, parental stress stems from experiences in interpersonal, schooling and societal domains, which may in turn be influenced by socio-cultural factors. This is a highly under-studied area.Objectives and aimsExploring experiences in familial, schooling and societal areas amongst Indian parents and understanding these in a cultural context using experiential qualitative research methodology.MethodsIn-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with consenting parents of 27 children diagnosed with ADHD (17 mothers; 10 fathers).ResultsAll parents reported experiencing moderate to high degree of stress, feeling worried and frustrated due to child's problems. 19 parents reported being “short-tempered”, while 1 mother expressed feeling “lost”. Majority reported strained relations with spouse and extended family. Mothers reported higher stress, more difficulties in family life, faced criticism from immediate family and community regarding handling of child, felt more embarrassment, guilt and sense of failure as a mother. Half of the parents avoided attending social gatherings. Other than 2 parents, all had negative experiences with schooling. Experiential descriptions included those of teachers being highly critical of child and parents, punitive, dismissive and discriminatory. Teacher had advised seeking treatment in only 6 children. Themes of blame, discrimination and rejection were identified.ConclusionsWe conclude that cultural factors such as stigma, blaming of parent (especially mother) and lack of knowledge regarding ADHD amongst teachers and society may be responsible for these experiences and needs further investigation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Novel psychoactive substances in a psychiatric young adults sample: A multicenter, observational study
Authors: Lupi M. , Acciavatti T. , Marini S. , Cinosi E. , Santacroce R. , Corbo M. , Mancini V. , Galanti T. , Carlucci M. , Martinotti G. , Di Giannantonio M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionComorbidities between psychiatric diseases and consumption of traditional substances of abuse are common. Nevertheless, there is no data regarding the use of novel psychoactive substances (NPS) in the psychiatric population.ObjectivesThe purpose of this multicentre survey is to investigate the consumption of a wide variety of psychoactive substances in a young psychiatric sample.MethodsBetween September 2013 and November 2015, a questionnaire has been administered, in ten Italian psychiatric care facilities, to a sample of 671 psychiatric patients (48.5% men; 51.5% women), aged between 18 and 26 years (mean age: 22.24).Results8.2% of the sample declared use of NPS at least once in a lifetime and 2.2% have assumed NPS in the last three months. The NPS more used were synthetic cannabinoids (4.5%), followed by methamphetamine (3.6%). The three psychiatric diagnosis with more frequent NPS consumption were bipolar disorder (23.1%), personality disorders (11.8%) and schizophrenia and related disorders (11.6%). Bipolar disorder was associated with NPS consumption (P < .001). Among the illicit drugs investigated, 31.4% of the sample was cannabis smoker and 10.7% cocaine user. Moreover, 70.6% of the sample declared alcohol use and 47.7% had binge drinking conducts. In univariate regression analysis, bipolar disorder was positive associated with binge drinking while obsessive compulsive disorder resulted negative associated.ConclusionsThe use of novel psychoactive substances in a young psychiatric population appears to be a frequent phenomenon, probably still underestimated. Bipolar disorder shows an association with NPS use. Therefore, careful and constant monitoring and accurate evaluations of possible clinical effects related to their use are necessary.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Addictive status in neurotic disorders
Authors: Maruta N. , Kolyadko S. , Kalenska G. , Denysenko M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAt the present stage of psychiatry development, the problem of co-morbidity, which is an important factor determining the effectiveness of treatment. One of such tendencies is the combination of neurotic pathology and addictive behavior (AB).ObjectivesTo research AB features in neurotic disorders.MethodologyOne hundred and forty-eight patients with neurotic disorders: neurasthenia (F48.0), dissociative disorder (F44.7), anxiety-phobic disorder (F40.8), according to ICD-10 criteria. Clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (AUDIT-like tests), statistical methods were used.ResultsIt was found out that the patients with neurotic disorders had a high risk of AB formation (59.73%). The most prominent among AB were: the use of psychoactive substances (tea/coffee [11,682], tobacco [8,091], sedatives [6,964], food addiction [14,036]), as well as socio-acceptable AB, such as Internet (13,527), watching television (9,982), computer games (2,909), shopping (7,264), workaholism (15,018). Socio-demographic characteristics of the generation of neurotic disorders with AB were determined: young age (50.46%), AB presence among the surrounding people (91.64%), a short interval of time between the psychogenic factor exposure and the first signs of neurotic disorder (50.46%). The clinical pattern of neurotic disorders with AB was characterized by a predominance of anxiety-obsessive (35.78%), as well as anxiety-phobic (45.95%) syndromes associated with AB: “Shopping” (−0.32; −0.51, respectively), “Sleeping pills, sedatives” (−0.37; −0.42), “Sex” (−0.41; −0.37) and “Tea/coffee” (−0.34; −0.39).ConclusionsThe data obtained determine AB specificity and should be taken into account in pharmaco – and psychotherapy.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Prevalence and clinical correlates of sensory phenomena in obsessive compulsive disorder
Authors: Rayappa S. , Hegde A. , Narayanaswamy J.C. , Arumugham S.S. , Math S. Bada , Reddy Y.C.J. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionA substantial number of patients suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) report a subjective distressing experience prior to the repetitive behavior, known as sensory phenomena(SP).ObjectivesNeed to systematically evaluate SP and the clinical correlates in OCD.AimsAssess prevalence of SP and clinical correlates in OCD.MethodsSubjects (n = 71) fulfilling the criteria for DSM IV-TR OCD were recruited consecutively from a specialty OCD clinic in Southern India and were assessed using the Yale brown obsessive and compulsive scale (YBOCS), dimensional Yale-Brown obsessive compulsive scale (D-YBOCS) and the University of São Paulo Sensory Phenomena Scale (USP-SPS).ResultsThe prevalence of the SP was found to be 50.7%. Prevalence of SP is significantly greater in the patients with early age of onset (P = 0.47). In subtypes of SP, Tactile was 12.7%, “just right” for look was 26.8%, “just right” for sound was 9.9%, “just right” for feeling was 16.9%, feeling of incompleteness leading to repetitive behavior was 22.5%, “energy release” sensation leading to repetitive behavior was 4.2% and “urge only” leading to repetitive behavior was 11.3%. SP was found to have significant correlation with symmetry/ordering/arranging/counting dimension (P = 0.003). Significant positive correlation existed between SP severity and the severity of the compulsions (P = 0.02).ConclusionConsidering its high prevalence in OCD, it might be useful to incorporate SP assessment during the routine clinical assessment of OCD. It might warrant a place in the phenomenological and nosological description of OCD. Additionally, the neurobiological correlates of SP need to be explored.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Male depression – actual a male specific disorder or potentially a new subtype of depression?
Authors: Rößner-Ruff V. , Krieger J. , Graef-Calliess I.T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough depression is one of the most prevalent disorders around the world we know only little about the effect of factors like gender-related norms or personality-related aspects in the expression of depressive symptoms. Current findings of studies are heterogeneous and lead to the conclusion that depression is more prevalent in women as well as that they have a higher risk for depression. Women express more typical depressive symptoms while men offer more atypical symptoms like aggressiveness, irritability, alcohol misuse which is constituted as male depression (MD).ObjectiveMale and female patients with a diagnosis of depressive episode or recurrent depressive disorder (ICD-10) who are treated in in-patient or day clinic setting of two psychiatric institutions in Lower Saxony and one psychiatric university hospital in Austria. Study period: November 2016 to November 2017. No limitations to further diagnosis, age or other factors.MethodsTo analyze the expression of (a) typical depressive symptoms as well as causes of and factors of influence in diverse types of depression different questionnaires and quantitative methods will be used.AimsInvestigate gender-specific differences in the expression of symptoms in male and female patients with a depressive disorder. Focus: whether symptoms of MD are more prevalent for depressive men than women. Furthermore, causes and factors of (a)typical depressive symptoms should be analyzed.ResultsFirst results will be presented.ConclusionThe results of the study should lead to the conclusion whether there exist any gender-specific differences in the expression of depressive symptoms and what they might be caused by.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Psychology feminine holiness
Authors: Garcia-albea J. , Navas M. 
Published: June 2017

Feminine holiness is a subject as complex as it is interesting–not least because of the very definition of the term–, in many occasions extraordinary and many others bitter, which has sparked interest throughout history, especially after the progress made on modernity.ObjectiveThe main objective is less to show whether there is a psychiatric, infectious, neurological or any other form of pathological disorder linked to the behaviour of female saints, rather to evaluate all the psychological and social aspects that result in holiness as a mental state being largely a female attribute.Material and methodsFor this, we have tested from birth to death, in what is possible, the lives of sixty religious women, through biographies and autobiographies since they were servants, pious or holy according to ecclesiastical terminology. This set was unavoidable to select twelve cases, which are set out exhaustively in this study.Results and discussionLimiting ourselves to a purely psychiatric view, we can show the presence of psychopathology associated with exceptional states of consciousness, as would be ecstatic and mystical experience itself, present in most cases. We also found common psychological profiles, out of the sixty biographies and autobiographies of religious women analyzed: e.g. pain is used as a means of atonement and a way of removing the guilt of sin. We rule out major psychiatric disorders in the Santas we have analyzed. The behaviors they presented, even sometimes excessive, cannot be included in any of the current major psychiatric disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Association between smartphone addiction proneness and poor sleep quality in korean university students
Authors: Min K.B. , Jin-young M. , Hyun-Jin K. , Hye-Jin K. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThe number of Korean smartphone users exceeded 40 million in 2015, in which roughly 1 in 5 university students were expected to be addicted to their smartphone. Of importance is that smartphone addiction negatively affects physical and mental well-being and health. Sleep problems associated with smartphone is also a serious public concern; but the evidence is lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the association between smartphone addiction proneness and sleep problems in Korean university students.MethodsWe conducted an online-survey which received responses from 608 university students. All participants completed questionnaires on the Korean smartphone addiction scale (K-SAS), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and personal characteristics. Based on the scores of the K-SAS, university students were classified into two groups–the addiction proneness group and the normal-user group.ResultsThe addiction proneness groups had a higher PSQI score than the normal-user group (7.5 vs. 6.7, P-value < 0.0001). After adjustment for potential covariates (i.e., age, income, and smoking), PSQI scores was significantly increased in the addiction proneness groups (Beta coefficient = 0.69; 95% CI : 0.29 ∼ 1.09). The risk of sleep problems was more increased in the addiction proneness groups (odds ratio = 1.99; 95% CI: 1.33 ∼ 2.98) than the normal-user groups.ConclusionWe found that the smartphone addiction proneness was associated with sleep problems in university students. Although our findings are further confirmed by elucidating causal relationships between smartphone uses and sleep habits, smartphone addiction proneness may be a risk factor for poor sleep quality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Barriers for unaccompanied refugee minors in accessing mental health care: Is it the therapy or the therapist?
Authors: Majumder P. , Vostanis P. , O’Reilly M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionRefugee children, particularly unaccompanied refugee minors, present with disproportionately high prevalence of mental health and emotional difficulties. However, the mental health service access and treatment engagement of this vulnerable group has been consistently shown to be poorer than the general population. Despite of this, so far there hasn’t been much research to explore the possible underlying reasons or barriers for these young people to access mental health service in their host countries.Aims and objectivesThis research aims to understand unaccompanied refugee children's barriers to access and utilize mental health services. To explore any potential characteristics in the service provision that can be linked with the observed poor treatment engagement and service access is also an objective of this study.MethodsThe study was conducted by using semi-structured interviews with 15 unaccompanied asylum seeking minors and their carers to elicit their views, perceptions and beliefs based on their experience of receiving treatment from a specialist mental health service in the UK.ResultsThe interview transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. The main findings were categorised into two broad themes, the participants’ perceptions of the intervention received, and perception of the professionals involved. The different elements and pertinent issues within these two broad areas were discussed.ConclusionsFindings will help stimulate further exploratory research gaining better understanding of the barriers for these young people to access treatment, and contribute in developing innovative services that are more efficient in engaging this vulnerable group and suitable to meet their specific needs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.