bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cholesterol Synthetase DHCR24 Induced by Insulin Aggravates Cancer Invasion and Progesterone Resistance in Endometrial Carcinoma
Authors: Dai Miao , Zhu Xiao-Lu , Liu Fei , Xu Qin-Yang , Ge Qiu-Lin , Jiang Shu-Heng , Yang Xiao-Mei , Li Jun , Wang Ya-Hui , Wu Qing-Kai , Ai Zhi-Hong , Teng Yin-Cheng , Zhang Zhi-Gang 
Published: January 2017

Abstract3β-Hydroxysteroid-Δ24 reductase (DHCR24), the final enzyme of the cholesterol biosynthetic pathway, has been associated with urogenital neoplasms. However, the function of DHCR24 in endometrial cancer (EC) remains largely elusive. Here, we analyzed the expression profile of DHCR24 and the progesterone receptor (PGR) in our tissue microarray of EC (n = 258), the existing EC database in GEO (Gene Expression Omnibus), and TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas). We found that DHCR24 was significantly elevated in patients with EC, and that the up-regulation of DHCR24 was associated with advanced clinical stage, histological grading, vascular invasion, lymphatic metastasis, and reduced overall survival. In addition, DHCR24 expression could be induced by insulin though STAT3, which directly binds to the promoter elements of DHCR24, as demonstrated by ChIP-PCR and luciferase assays. Furthermore, genetically silencing DHCR24 inhibited the metastatic ability of endometrial cancer cells and up-regulated PGR expression, which made cells more sensitive to progestin. Taken together, we have demonstrated for the first time the crucial role of the insulin/STAT3/DHCR24/PGR axis in the progression of EC by modulating the metastasis and progesterone response, which could serve as potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of EC with progesterone receptor loss.
Individuality manifests in the dynamic reconfiguration of large-scale brain networks during movie viewing
Authors: Jang Changwon , Knight Elizabeth Quattrocki , Pae Chongwon , Park Bumhee , Yoon Shin-Ae , Park Hae-Jeong 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIndividuality, the uniqueness that distinguishes one person from another, may manifest as diverse rearrangements of functional connectivity during heterogeneous cognitive demands; yet, the neurobiological substrates of individuality, reflected in inter-individual variations of large-scale functional connectivity, have not been fully evidenced. Accordingly, we explored inter-individual variations of functional connectivity dynamics, subnetwork patterns and modular architecture while subjects watched identical video clips designed to induce different arousal levels. How inter-individual variations are manifested in the functional brain networks was examined with respect to four contrasting divisions: edges within the anteriorversusposterior part of the brain, edges withversuswithout corresponding anatomically-defined structural pathways, inter-versusintra-module connections, and rich club edge types. Inter-subject variation in dynamic functional connectivity occurred to a greater degree within edges localized to anterior rather than posterior brain regions, without adhering to structural connectivity, between modules as opposed to within modules, and in weak-tie local edges rather than strong-tie rich-club edges. Arousal level significantly modulates inter-subject variability in functional connectivity, edge patterns, and modularity, and particularly enhances the synchrony of rich-club edges. These results imply that individuality resides in the dynamic reconfiguration of large-scale brain networks in response to a stream of cognitive demands.
Tungsten doped VO2/microgels hybrid thermochromic material and its smart window application
Authors: Yang Yong-Sheng , Zhou Yang , Chiang Freddy Boey Yin , Long Yi 
Published: January 2017

A new thermochromic composite was successfully synthesized by a combination of HPCA microgel and W doped VO2 nanoparticles. Within a suitable working temperature, this composite can provide excellent modulation in both the visible and IR ranges.
Exploring the Relevance of Items in the Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) for Individuals With Hearing Loss
Authors: Miller Christi W. , Baylor Carolyn R. , Birch Kristen , Yorkston Kathryn M. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The Communicative Participation Item Bank (CPIB) was developed to evaluate participation restrictions in communication situations for individuals with speech and language disorders. This study evaluated the potential relevance of CPIB items for individuals with hearing loss.

Method
Cognitive interviews were conducted with 17 adults with a range of treated and untreated hearing loss, who responded to 46 items. Interviews were continued until saturation was reached and prevalent trends emerged. A focus group was also conducted with 3 experienced audiologists to seek their views on the CPIB. Analysis of data included qualitative and quantitative approaches.

Results
The majority of the items were applicable to individuals with hearing loss; however, 12 items were identified as potentially not relevant. This was largely attributed to the items' focus on speech production rather than hearing. The results from the focus group were in agreement for a majority of items.

Conclusions
The next step in validating the CPIB for individuals with hearing loss is a psychometric analysis on a large sample. Possible outcomes could be that the CPIB is considered valid in its entirety or the creation of a new questionnaire or a hearing loss–specific short form with a subset of items is necessary.
Assessment With Children Who Need Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC): Clinical Decisions of AAC Specialists
Authors: Lund Shelley K. , Quach Wendy , Weissling Kristy , McKelvey Miechelle , Dietz Aimee 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to explore how speech-language pathologists (SLPs) who are augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) specialists approach the assessment process for 2 case studies, 1 child with cerebral palsy and 1 with autism spectrum disorder. The aim of the study was to answer the following questions: (a) How do clinicians with expertise approach the AAC assessment process for children with developmental disabilities? (b) Can any initial hypothesis be drawn about how SLPs approach the assessment of children with motor versus social interactive deficits?

Method
This study used a phenomenological qualitative design. The researchers conducted 2 in-depth, semistructured interviews with 8 SLPs who specialized in AAC and self-identified as primarily working with children.

Results
Four major themes emerged from the data: area of assessment, method of assessment, evaluation preparation, and parent education. Each major theme contained multiple subthemes and categories within those subthemes.

Conclusions
Participants discussed similar areas of assessment for both cases, indicating that some aspects of AAC assessment are universal. However, the specific aspects of what they were assessing and how they went about assessing them differed between the 2 cases. The results of the current study provide an outline of an assessment protocol for children with complex communication needs.
Design of novel tanh/linear dual profiled smooth horn with low sidelobes
Authors: Wang Junbo , Yao Yuan , Yu Junsheng , Chen Xiaodong 
Published: January 2017

A novel smooth horn with tanh/linear dual profile is proposed and the low sidelobe level is achieved. Measured results demonstrate that sidelobes <−37 dB can be achieved on the principal cuts of designed radiation pattern at 92–97 GHz. Also, the measurements are in accordance with the simulated results. It is shown that low sidelobe level can be obtained by the proposed horn geometry without tremendous amounts of time and money designing and manufacturing.
Discoid Lateral Meniscus
Authors: Dai Wen-Li , Zhang Hua , Zhou Ai-Guo , Zhang Gang , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPartial and total meniscectomies are the most common treatments for patients with discoid lateral meniscus (DLM). We conducted this study to quantitatively assess and compare the outcomes of partial and total meniscectomies for DLM. We also assessed whether the outcomes differed by the type of DLM, duration of follow-up, and age of patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane database to identify relevant studies that reported outcomes, including Ikeuchi grade, the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee score, Lysholm score, or failure rate, in patients who underwent partial and total meniscectomies. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for dichotomous outcomes, whereas mean difference and 95% CIs were calculated for continuous outcomes. Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The overall rate of excellent (E) or good (G) postoperatively was 85.5% (95% CI: 79.5–91.5%). The E or G rate of partial meniscectomy was significantly higher than that of total meniscectomy (OR= 1.97, 95% CI: 1.03–3.75, p = 0.038). Besides, patients younger than 20 years had a significantly higher E or G rate than those older than 20 years. (OR = 3.12, 95% CI: 1.18–8.23, p = 0.022). We also found the E or G rate tended to decrease from short- to long-term follow-up. Our systematic review and meta-analysis showed that that partial meniscectomy could achieve better outcomes compared with total meniscectomy for DLM patients.
Cavernous Sinus Involvement by Pituitary Adenomas: Clinical Implications and Outcomes of Endoscopic Endonasal Resection
Authors: Ajlan Abdulrazag , Achrol Achal , Feroze Abdullah , Westbroek Erick , Hwang Peter , Harsh Griffith , Albakr Abdulrahman 
Published: January 2017

Background Parasellar invasion of pituitary adenomas (PAs) into the cavernous sinus (CS) is common. The management of the CS component of PA remains controversial.
Objective The objective of this study was to analyze CS involvement in PA treated with endoscopic endonasal approaches, including incidence, surgical risks, surgical strategies, long-term outcomes, and our treatment algorithm.
Methods We reviewed a series of 176 surgically treated PA with particular attention to CS involvement and whether the CS tumor was approached medial or lateral to the internal carotid artery.
Results The median duration of follow-up was 36 months. Macroadenomas and nonfunctional adenomas represented 77 and 60% of cases, respectively. CS invasion was documented in 23% of cases. CS involvement was associated with a significantly diminished odds of gross total resection (47 vs. 86%, odds ratio [OR]: 5.2) and increased the need for subsequent intervention (4 vs. 40%, OR: 14.4). Hormonal remission was achieved in 15% of hormonally active tumors. Rates of surgical complication were similar regardless of CS involvement.
Conclusion Our tailored strategy beginning with a medial approach and adding lateral exposure as needed resulted in good outcomes with low morbidity in nonfunctional adenomas. Functional adenomas involving the CS were associated with low rates of hormonal remission necessitating higher rates of additional treatment.
Early Commencement of Enteral Feeds in Gastroschisis: A Systematic Review of Literature
Authors: Dama Madhuri , Rao Uday , Gollow Ian , Bulsara Max , Rao Shripada 
Published: January 2017

Introduction There are no evidence-based strategies to improve feed tolerance in gastroschisis. Early commencement of enteral feeds (CEF) is known to improve feed tolerance in preterm infants. It is possible that infants with gastroschisis may also benefit from early CEF.
Objective To conduct a systematic review to evaluate the relationship between time of CEF, and time to reach full enteral feeds (FEF), duration of parenteral nutrition (PN), and duration of hospital stay (HS).
Methods PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and relevant conference abstracts were searched in December 2015. Studies of any design reporting on time to CEF and one or more of the outcomes of interest were included. Meta-regression analysis was conducted to find the association between time to CEF and the outcomes of interest.
Results There were no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing early (≤7 days from birth) versus delayed (>7 days) CEF. Forty-two observational studies on gastroschisis (4,835 infants) where feed-related information was available were included. Meta-regression results indicated that each day delay in CEF was associated with a delay of an additional 1.4 days (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.95, 1.85) to FEF, 2.05 days (95% CI: 1.50, 2.59) to the duration of PN, and 1.91 days (95% CI: 1.37, 2.45) to the duration of HS. Sensitivity analysis after excluding studies that provided information exclusively on complex gastroschisis continued to show beneficial effects of early CEF.
Conclusion Early CEF may be associated with early attainment of FEF in gastroschisis. RCTs comparing early versus delayed CEF are needed urgently.
Cannabidiol for the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Epilepsy in Children: Current State of Research
Authors: Evans Victoria , DeMarse Thomas , Febo Marcelo , Johnson Cynthia , Carney Paul , Anderson Christopher 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe reported effectiveness of these home preparations, especially those with high cannabidiol (CBD) concentrations, has garnered the attention of the medical community. In particular cannabis sativa, known for its lack of a psychoactive effect and high CBD content, has become a target of medical research. The shift in public and political interest to medicinal applications of CBD demands renewed research into its efficacy. Pediatric populations in particular stand to benefit significantly from a better understanding of the safety and efficacy of this novel treatment. This review discusses the current state of CBD research and identifies areas that require further investigation as they pertain to pediatric epilepsy populations. It will especially cover those suffering from refractory epilepsies for which other methods of remediation have not sufficed.
Genome Editing Tools und ihr Einsatz in der experimentellen Augenheilkunde
Authors: Yanik M. , Wende W. , Stieger K. 
Published: January 2017

ZusammenfassungNeue molekularbiologische Werkzeuge revolutionieren zurzeit die Genomchirurgie (genome editing) mit weitreichendem Einfluss auch auf die experimentelle Augenheilkunde. Neben den bereits etablierten Systemen wie den Zinkfingernukleasen (ZFN) oder Transcription-activator-like-Effector-Nukleasen (TALEN) sind es insbesondere die CRISPR-/Cas-Systeme (CRISPR: clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats; Cas: CRISPR-associated), die überraschend einfach einen gezielten und präzisen Schnitt im Genom lebender Zellen ermöglichen. Dieser DNA-Doppelstrangbruch wird in der Zelle mittels NHEJ (non-homologous end joining) oder HDR (homology directed repair) repariert und kann ausgenutzt werden, um ein defektes Gen zu deaktivieren oder mithilfe einer korrekten Gensequenz zu reparieren. Die Genome-Editing-Technologie eröffnet damit bisher ungeahnte Möglichkeiten in der Grundlagenforschung, Biotechnologie, biomedizinischen Forschung bis hin zu ersten klinischen Anwendungen. Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen der Netzhaut stehen dabei aufgrund der guten Zugänglichkeit und des Immunprivilegs des Auges mit im Fokus des Interesses von Forschern und Firmen.
Injektionsstrategien bei der Anwendung intravitrealer VEGF-Inhibitoren: „Pro Re Nata versus Treat and Extend“
Authors: Hufendiek K. , Pielen A. , Framme C. 
Published: January 2017

ZusammenfassungDas Ziel dieses Artikels ist es, einen Überblick zu geben über verschiedene Strategien zur Verwendung von PRN- und T&E-Therapieschemata (PRN: pro re nata; T&E: treat and extend) mit intravitrealen Anti-VEGF-Medikamenten (Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab oder Aflibercept) bei Patienten mit Netzhauterkrankungen wie neovaskulärer AMD, diabetischem Makulaödem und Makulaödem aufgrund von retinalen Venenverschlüssen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt dabei darauf, die Wirksamkeit und die Visusergebnisse des PRN- und des T&E-Regimes in Korrelation mit den wichtigsten Zulassungsstudien und Studien basierend auf den derzeit verfügbaren Daten vorzulegen. Wir diskutieren auch die Vor- und Nachteile der beiden Therapieregimes sowie die Überwachung und Behandlung der Krankheitsaktivität einschließlich der Behandlungsintervalle und Injektionsfrequenz. Derzeit gibt es ein zunehmendes Interesse, ein Regime zu etablieren, das die besten Visusergebnisse bei reduzierter Injektionsfrequenz und konsekutiv geringerer Belastung der Patienten durch individualisierte Behandlungsintervalle mit Minimierung der Anzahl der Klinikbesuche und der entstehenden Kosten bietet. Studien haben gezeigt, dass das PRN-Regime im realen Klinikalltag keine optimalen Visusergebnisse liefert. PRN erfordert häufige Arztbesuche, um den Krankheitsstatus zu kontrollieren und intravitreale Behandlung bei Bedarf reaktiv zu indizieren. Individualisierte T&E-Regimes können das Visusergebnis mit signifikant weniger Kontrolluntersuchungen verbessern im Gegensatz zu Therapieschemata mit einer monatlichen Applikation oder einem PRN-Regime.
A snapshot of physical activity programs targeting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia
Authors: Macniven Rona , Elwell Michelle , Ride Kathy , Bauman Adrian , Richards Justin 
Published: January 2017

Issue addressedParticipation in physical activity programs can be an effective strategy to reduce chronic disease risk factors and improve broader social outcomes. Health and social outcomes are worse among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders than non‐Indigenous Australians, who represent an important group for culturally specific programs. The extent of current practice in physical activity programs is largely unknown. This study identifies such programs targeting this population group and describes their characteristics.MethodsBibliographic and Internet searches and snowball sampling identified eligible programs operating between 2012 and 2015 in Australia (phase 1). Program coordinators were contacted to verify sourced information (phase 2). Descriptive characteristics were documented for each program.ResultsA total of 110 programs were identified across urban, rural and remote locations within all states and territories. Only 11 programs were located through bibliographic sources; the remainder through Internet searches. The programs aimed to influence physical activity for health or broader social outcomes. Sixty five took place in community settings and most involved multiple sectors such as sport, health and education. Almost all were free for participants and involved Indigenous stakeholders. The majority received Government funding and had commenced within the last decade. More than 20 programs reached over 1000 people each; 14 reached 0–100 participants. Most included process or impact evaluation indicators, typically reflecting their aims.ConclusionThis snapshot provides a comprehensive description of current physical activity program provision for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people across Australia. The majority of programs were only identified through the grey literature. Many programs collect evaluation data, yet this is underrepresented in academic literature.So what?Capturing current practice can inform future efforts to increase the impact of physical activity programs to improve health and social indicators. Targeted, culturally relevant programs are essential to reduce levels of disadvantage experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders.
Barriers and facilitators to participation in workplace health promotion (WHP) activities: results from a cross‐sectional survey of public‐sector employees in Tasmania, Australia
Authors: Kilpatrick Michelle , Blizzard Leigh , Sanderson Kristy , Teale Brook , Jose Kim , Venn Alison 
Published: January 2017

Issue addressedWorkplaces are promising settings for health promotion, yet employee participation in workplace health promotion (WHP) activities is often low or variable. This study explored facilitating factors and barriers associated with participation in WHP activities that formed part of a comprehensive WHP initiative run within the Tasmanian State Service (TSS) between 2009 and 2013.MethodsTSS employee (n = 3228) completed surveys in 2013. Data included sociodemographic characteristics, employee‐perceived availability of WHP activities, employee‐reported participation in WHP activities, and facilitators and barriers to participation. Ordinal log‐link regression was used in cross‐sectional analyses.ResultsSignificant associations were found for all facilitating factors and participation. Respondents who felt their organisation placed a high priority on WHP, who believed that management supported participation or that the activities could improve their health were more likely to participate. Time‐ and health‐related barriers were associated with participation in fewer activities. All associations were independent of age, sex, work schedule and employee‐perceived availability of programs. Part‐time and shift‐work patterns, and location of activities were additionally identified barriers.ConclusionFacilitating factors relating to implementation, peer and environmental support, were associated with participation in more types of activities, time‐ and health‐related barriers were associated with less participation.So what?Large and diverse organisations should ensure WHP efforts have manager support and adopt flexible approaches to maximise employee engagement.
Development of an Opioid-Related Overdose Risk Behavior Scale (ORBS)
Authors: Pouget Enrique R. , Bennett Alex S. , Elliott Luther , Wolfson-Stofko Brett , Almeñana Ramona , Britton Peter C. , Rosenblum Andrew 
Published: January 2017

Background Drug overdose has emerged as the leading cause of injury-related death in the United States, driven by prescription opioid (PO) misuse, polysubstance use, and use of heroin. To better understand opioid-related overdose risks that may change over time and across populations, there is a need for a more comprehensive assessment of related risk behaviors. Drawing on existing research, formative interviews, and discussions with community and scientific advisors an opioid-related Overdose Risk Behavior Scale (ORBS) was developed. Methods Military veterans reporting any use of heroin or POs in the past month were enrolled using venue-based and chain referral recruitment. The final scale consisted of 25 items grouped into 5 subscales eliciting the number of days in the past 30 during which the participant engaged in each behavior. Internal reliability, test-retest reliability and criterion validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlations (ICC) and Pearson's correlations with indicators of having overdosed during the past 30 days, respectivelyInternal reliability, test-retest reliability and criterion validity were assessed using Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlations (ICC) and Pearson's correlations with indicators of having overdosed during the past 30 days, respectively. Results Data for 220 veterans were analyzed. The 5 subscales—(A) Adherence to Opioid Dosage and Therapeutic Purposes; (B) Alternative Methods of Opioid Administration; (C) Solitary Opioid Use; (D) Use of Nonprescribed Overdose-associated Drugs; and (E) Concurrent Use of POs, Other Psychoactive Drugs and Alcohol—generally showed good internal reliability (alpha range = 0.61 to 0.88), test-retest reliability (ICC range = 0.81 to 0.90), and criterion validity ( r range = 0.22 to 0.66). The subscales were internally consistent with each other (alpha = 0.84). The scale mean had an ICC value of 0.99, and correlations with validators ranged from 0.44 to 0.56. Conclusions These results constitute preliminary evidence for the reliability and validity of the new scale. If further validated, it could help improve overdose prevention and response research and could help improve the precision of overdose education and prevention efforts.