bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Corrosion issues in joining lightweight materials: A review of the latest achievements
Authors: Montemor M.F. 
Published: February 2016

Multimaterials assemblies and, in particular, assemblies made of lightweight components are of utmost relevance in many technical applications. These assemblies include multimetal, metal-polymer, metal-adhesive, and metal-composites combinations, among others. Presently, the transportation sector is looking for lighter materials that allow for reducing fuel consumption and the environmental footprint. Aluminum and magnesium alloys, as well as composites and polymers, are considered strategic for such purposes, and their joining in metal-metal or hybrid assemblies has been explored to develop lightweight components. These multimaterial assemblies are often exposed to aggressive environments in which moisture and aggressive species are present. Under these conditions corrosion phenomena are a major source of material failures. Depending on the nature of the metals and nonmetals and of the joining process, the mechanism and extent of corrosion can vary significantly. Thus, it is essential to understand the impact of corrosion in joined materials and to know which counter-measures can be adopted to mitigate corrosion events in the system of concern.
This chapter aims at reviewing the latest results of studies focused in corrosion issues in the joining of lightweight materials. It describes the most common corrosion phenomena observed in joined materials, and it emphasizes corrosion issues in assemblies that combine different metals and that combine metals with nonmetals. Moreover, it overviews the state-of-the-art in corrosion protection strategies that can be applied and, finally, it overlooks the future trends.
Near-Infrared Laser Scanning (NILS) to Differentiate Historical Inks, Deployed on a Stained and Faded Ninth-Century Fragment of Boethius Reused as Binding Material: Proving a Concept
Authors: Sorbello Staub Alessandra , Staub Johannes , Richter Inga , Birringer Marc 
Published: February 2016

AbstractIn this paper we describe the use of a dual-wavelength near-infrared laser scanner (NILS) to reveal ink differences in a ninth century Boethius fragment. The scanning system worked at 680 and 780 nm excitation wavelength with a maximal resolution of 21 µm. Fresh images were recorded at both wavelengths and compared with others based on conventional methods, such as UV photography and infrared reflectography. Whereas the latter secured no new information for mapping and distinguishing via inks the layered genesis of the manuscript, images of the fragment based on infrared laser fluorescence revealed the different inks used to elaborate the manuscript. The method revealed and distinguished the respective inks used for glosses, other marginal notes, neumes and the main text. Furthermore, corrections and additions invisible under other types of light were discovered by NILS in combination with paleographic methods. The scope and limitations of NILS when used to investigate stained or faded reused parchment (Makulatur) and/or restored manuscripts are discussed in detail.
Ribonuclease H2 mutations induce a cGAS/STING‐dependent innate immune response
Authors: Mackenzie Karen J , Carroll Paula , Lettice Laura , Tarnauskaitė Žygimantė , Reddy Kaalak , Dix Flora , Revuelta Ailsa , Abbondati Erika , Rigby Rachel E , Rabe Björn , Kilanowski Fiona , Grimes Graeme , Fluteau Adeline , Devenney Paul S , Hill Robert E , Reijns Martin AM , Jackson Andrew P 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAicardi–Goutières syndrome (AGS) provides a monogenic model of nucleic acid‐mediated inflammation relevant to the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmunity. Mutations that impair ribonuclease (RNase) H2 enzyme function are the most frequent cause of this autoinflammatory disorder of childhood and are also associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. Reduced processing of either RNA:DNA hybrid or genome‐embedded ribonucleotide substrates is thought to lead to activation of a yet undefined nucleic acid‐sensing pathway. Here, we establish Rnaseh2bA174T/A174T knock‐in mice as a subclinical model of disease, identifying significant interferon‐stimulated gene (ISG) transcript upregulation that recapitulates the ISG signature seen in AGS patients. The inflammatory response is dependent on the nucleic acid sensor cyclic GMP‐AMP synthase (cGAS) and its adaptor STING and is associated with reduced cellular ribonucleotide excision repair activity and increased DNA damage. This suggests that cGAS/STING is a key nucleic acid‐sensing pathway relevant to AGS, providing additional insight into disease pathogenesis relevant to the development of therapeutics for this childhood‐onset interferonopathy and adult systemic autoimmune disorders.
What is the efficacy of switching to weekly pegvisomant in acromegaly patients well controlled on combination therapy?
Authors: Muhammad A , van der Lely A J , O’Connor R D , Delhanty P J , Dal J , Dallenga A H , Feelders R A , Janssen J A M J L , Jorgensen J O L , Neggers S J C M M 
Published: February 2016

Abstract

Context
Although combination therapy of acromegaly with long-acting somatostatin analogs (LA-SSAs) and pegvisomant (PEGV) normalizes insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) levels in the majority of patients, it requires long-term adherence. Switching from combination therapy to monotherapy with weekly PEGV could improve patients’ comfort, but the efficacy is unknown.

Objective
To assess the efficacy of switching to PEGV monotherapy in patients well controlled on combination therapy of LA-SSAs and PEGV.

Design
Single-center, open-label observational pilot study. LA-SSA therapy was discontinued at baseline and all patients were switched to PEGV monotherapy for 12 months. If IGF1 levels exceeded 1.0 times upper limit of normal (ULN), PEGV dose was increased by 20 mg weekly.

Subjects and methods
The study included 15 subjects (eight males), with a median age of 58 years (range 35 – 80) on combination therapy of high-dose LA-SSAs and weekly PEGV for >6 months, and IGF1 levels within the normal range. Treatment efficacy was assessed by measuring serum IGF1 levels.

Results
After 12 months of weekly PEGV monotherapy, serum IGF1 levels of 73% of the subjects remained controlled. In one patient, LA-SSA had to be restarted due to recurrence of headache. IGF1 levels increased from a baseline level of 0.62 × ULN (range 0.30 – 0.84) to 0.83 × ULN (0.30 – 1.75) after 12 months, while the median weekly PEGV dose increased from 60 (30 – 80) mg to 80 (50 – 120) mg.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that switching from combination therapy of LA-SSAs and PEGV to PEGV monotherapy can be a viable treatment option for acromegaly patients without compromising efficacy.
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure, FASD, and Child Behavior: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Tsang Tracey W. , Lucas Barbara R. , Carmichael Olson Heather , Pinto Rafael Z. , Elliott Elizabeth J. 
Published: February 2016

CONTEXT:
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) are associated with behavioral difficulties, although there are no published systematic reviews that summarize and critique the literature.

OBJECTIVE:
To describe the behavioral characteristics of children with PAE and/or FASD, assessed using the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessments (ASEBA) for school-aged children with parent, teacher, and youth (self-report) forms.

DATA SOURCES:
Electronic literature databases, reference lists, hand-searches.

STUDY SELECTION:
peer-reviewed observational studies.

DATA EXTRACTION:
Study appraisal and data extraction were undertaken by 2 independent assessors. Meta-analyses were performed for parent-rated Internalizing, Externalizing, and Total problems scales. All other ASEBA scales were summarized qualitatively.

RESULTS:
Included were 23 articles; 16 were used in meta-analyses. Pooled results showed higher Total (mean difference 12.1, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 7.7–16.5), Internalizing (6.3, 95% CI 3.1–9.5), and Externalizing problems scores (12.5, 95% CI 7.9–17.0) in FASD than No FASD; and greater odds of scoring in the “Clinical” range in FASD. Pooled results demonstrated higher problem scores in children with PAE (P &gt; .05). Qualitative summaries of other scales from parents, teachers, and self-report show poorer behavior ratings in children with FASD and PAE on composite Problem and Competence scores and many Syndrome subscales.

LIMITATIONS:
Findings were restricted to behaviors assessed using the ASEBA. The published literature was limited, often with only 1 study reporting on a particular scale.

CONCLUSIONS:
Meta-analysis reveals that FASD and PAE are associated with problematic behavior in many, but not all domains. This clearly affects families, and should be considered in clinical practice by providers.
Investigating the Effect of Inquiry-Based Learning on Pre-Service Teachers’ Attitudes and Opinions about the Approach / Istraživanje utjecaja istraživačkog pristupa učenju na stavove i mišljenja budućih nastavnika o njemu
Authors: Bozkurt Orçun 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAim of the study was to examine the effect of research-based learning on pre-service teachers’ attitudes and to present their opinions about the approach in the science and technology laboratory. The study was carried out on 66 undergraduate students, and had the pre-test – post-test control group design. Attitude scale towards the science and technology laboratory, attitude scale towards research-based learning and a form of interview about T diagram used in the research-based learning method were used for data collection. The research-based learning approach was applied in the experimental group, and the traditional learning approach was applied in the control group. The results showed that research-based learning positively affected the students’ attitudes towards this and inquiry-based learning approach attitude marks. Key words: inquiry-based learning approach; science education; students’ attitudes; student opinion.---SažetakCilj je istraživanja bio odrediti utjecaj istraživačkog pristupa učenju na stavove budućih nastavnika i predstaviti njihova mišljenja o istraživačkom pristupu u laboratoriju za istraživački rad. U njemu je sudjelovalo ukupno 66 dodiplomskih studenata, a obuhvaćalo je pred-testiranje i post-testiranje kontrolne grupe. Za prikupljanje podataka korišteni su: ljestvica stavova o laboratoriju, ljestvica stavova o istraživačkom učenju i intervju o T dijagramu koji se koristi u istraživačkoj nastavi. Istraživački se pristup odnosio na eksperimentalnu grupu, dok se tradicionalni pristup odnosio na kontrolnu grupu. Prema rezultatu istraživanja, istraživačka je nastava pozitivno utjecala na stavove studenata o njoj.Ključne riječi: istraživački pristup učenju; nastava prirodoslovlja; stavovi studenata; mišljenja studenata
Laparoscopy for the treatment of ovarian remnant syndrome in four dogs and two cats
Authors: Brückner M. 
Published: February 2016

SummaryObjective: To describe the clinical workup and laparoscopic treatment of ovarian remnant syndrome in dogs and cats. Material and methods: After confirming the diagnosis with some or all of the following tests – vaginoscopy with cytology, hormonal tests, and ultrasound – laparoscopic removal of the ovarian remnants was performed. A three-portal technique was used in the four dogs and a two-portal technique in the two cats. Results: All patients recovered well and were discharged the same day. No post-operative complications occurred in any patient. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Overall, in the hands of an experienced laparoscopic surgeon, laparoscopic removal of ovarian remnants appears to be a safe procedure in dogs and cats. In addition, laparoscopy offers the advantages of excellent visualization and a reduced morbidity for the patient. Careful case selection and complete pre-operative workup to rule out co-morbidities or underlying neoplasia are important. As with any laparoscopy the surgeon should always be prepared to convert to an open laparotomy if necessary.
A replacement name for the Cretaceous termite genus <i>Gigantotermes</i> (Isoptera)
Authors: Engel Michael S. , Barden Phillip M. , Grimaldi David A. 
Published: February 2016

A replacement name is proposed in order to remove a case of secondary homonymy between the Cretaceous termite genus <em>Gigantotermes</em> Engel, Barden, &amp; Grimaldi (Isoptera) and the Jurassic lacewing, <em>Gigantotermes</em> Haase (Neuroptera). <strong><em>Ginormotermes</em></strong> Engel, Barden, &amp; Grimaldi, new name, is established in place of the former, resulting in the new combination: <em>Ginormotermesrex</em> (Engel, Barden, &amp; Grimaldi).
IV Jornades de Moviments de Renovació Pedagògica de Catalunya
Authors: De Renovació Pedagògica del Camp de Tarragona Moviment 
Published: February 2016

Un total de 400 mestres, pedagogs i pares d'alumnes han participat els dies 6,7 i 8 de novembre a les IV Jornades de Moviments de Renovació Pedagògica de Catalunya, que se celebraren a la localitat de Lloret de Mar, per definir i aprovar un projecte de 100 Mesures per millorar l'ensenyament. Una de les pretensions més importants dels mestres és contribuir al fet que la comunitat educativa recuperi el protagonisme en la tasca d'aprofundir en aquesta millora de la qualitat d'ensenyament a Catalunya.
Algunes consideracions sobre l'estat actual de l'ensenyament de la història, la geografia i la resta de ciències socials
Authors: Santisteban Antoni 
Published: February 2016

Què ha significat de millora el debat sobre la Reforma Educativa per a l’ensenyament de les ciències socials? Quins són els aspectes fonamentals que preocupen a qui s’interessa pels estudis socials? Les respostes a totes aquestes preguntes assenyalen les problemàtiques essencials sobre l’ensenyament i l’aprenentatge de les ciències socials.Analitzen els tres aspectes que els semblen més importants a l’actualitat: Lesfinalitats: per a què aprendre ciències socials al segle XXI?; La selecció i l’organització dels continguts: què hem d’ensenyar?; La comunicació a l’aula: negociar, compartir, formar i formar-se, intercanviar.
La psicomotricitat en el marc de l'Educació Infantil
Authors: Viscarro Isabel 
Published: February 2016

En aquest article pretenen justificar la importància de l’Educació Psicomotriu com una estratègia d’intervenció educativa que està en clara sintonia amb els postulats del Disseny Curricular Base per a Educació Infantil. Volen destacar l’absència del terme psicomotricitat al currículum, tot i que si fem una anàlisi es pot comprovar que els objectius, continguts, i situacions d’aprenentatge inclouen els aspectes relatius a aquest àmbit d’experiència de la realitat global de l’infant.
La comunicació a la didàctica de les ciències socials
Authors: Ramírez Isabel , Santisteban Antoni 
Published: February 2016

El bon o la bona comunicadora no ha de recórrer a complicades estratègies de motivació, perquè es fa escoltar, perquè sap quan ha de deixar parlar els nens i nenes. Perquè comprèn amb agilitat la manera d’aprendre que té cada alumne.L’entorn comunicatiu és especialment important a l’ensenyament de les ciències socials, ja que l’aula s’ha de convertir en un laboratori on s’han de reproduir les interaccions socials, la participació democràtica, i on s’han d’aprendre les habilitats comunicatives i el pensament crític, on s’ha de preparar per a la intervenció social. La comunicació que s’estableixi serà l’eix vertebrador per als aprenentatges socials
Primera Setmana de l'Ensenyament de Mestres
Authors: Verrier Jacky 
Published: February 2016

Aquests articles ens mostren dues jornades que es van realitzar a la Universitat Rovira i Virgili, la primera fa referència a la 1a Setmana de l’Ensenyament de Mestres, adreçada a tots els estudiants de la Universitat i professionals de l’educació. La segona a les Jornades amb el títol de «L’escola catalana en el context de la Renovació Educativa». A les dues podem trobar el programa d’activitats que es va realitzar.
El llenguatge hidrològic, una poderosa eina educativa
Authors: Masip Curto Inés 
Published: February 2016

L’aprovació de la Directiva marc de l’aigua (2000/60/CE) ha suposat un profund canvi en la manera de gestionar l’aigua i d’entendre la nostra relació amb el medi hídric. Un dels reptes fonamentals que planteja aquesta directiva és, precisament, un canvi de mentalitat en la gestió de l’aigua. Per afrontar amb èxit aquest canvi, és necessària una coresponsabilitat de tots els agents socials interessats i una gran tasca de pedagogia social.Convençuts que el llenguatge i el pensament poden ser transformats des del coneixement lliure i la veritat, cal potenciar un canvi cultural a la societat, que permeti generar un llenguatge hidrològic diferent de l’actualment dominant, carregat d’inèrcies històriques i fluviotòpics, que impedeix avançar cap a una nova cultura de l’aigua.
Els valors cooperatius de la responsabilitat en la participació i l’equitat. Una proposta didàctica a l’educació primària
Authors: Grau Víctor , Piñana Marcel·lí 
Published: February 2016

L’educació en valors cooperatius contribueix a la formació de la ciutadania des de paràmetres cívics i democràtics. La participació responsable persegueix que les actuacions individuals permetin la intervenció positiva en el conjunt de la societat. L’equitat facilita l’assoliment de la igualtat entre els individus des d’un repartiment just dels recursos.Partint de l’anàlisi de resultats d’una primera pràctica aplicada a dos centres d’educació primària, s’aposta per la continuïtat en la prospecció didàctica amb la incorporació de nous eixos de treball i altres escoles.
Tot per a l’educació però sense els educadors
Authors: Revista Comunicació Educativa Direcció 
Published: February 2016

Estem a favor dels sistemes de control de la qualitat educativa i de foment de l’actualització dels docents, però ens mostrem contraris que aquests objectius lloables siguin segrestats per una minoria de manera que vagi inflant una bombolla administrativa i burocràtica, amb unes despeses que seria més eficient dedicar-les a altres objectius.
Les alternances de codi: un recurs comunicatiu
Authors: De Rosselló i Peralta Carles 
Published: February 2016

Durant temps, l’ús de dues o més llengües en un mateix fragment de parla havia estat considerat com una manca de competència lingü.stica del parlant. Aportacions com les de Gumperz al principi dels anys vuitanta capgiren aquesta visió i les alternances de codi comencen a percebre’s com un recurs comunicatiu més de què disposa el parlant. En aquest article presentem alternances produïdes per infants de P3 no atribuïbles a la manca de competència lingü.stica i intentem justificar-ne la interpretació a partir de l’anàlisi del context en què es produeixen.
C & T Projects
Authors: Rodríguez Carmona Manuela 
Published: February 2016

La interacció, l’expressió i la creativitat esdevenen un fil conductor que possibilita la manifestació de la identitat pròpia, el valor d’aquestes particularitats en relació amb la societat i amb un mateix. El desenvolupament de la creativitat porta a una autoestima equilibrada, a una consciència personal en un ambient de llibertat expressiva, de seguretat, on mostrar-se, on explorar, des de la pròpia forma de ser, veure i percebre el món. En aquest article es presenta C & T (Cinema and Theatre) Projects, una proposta educativa destinada al desenvolupament creatiu d’infants i joves a través de l’expressivitat.
Mestres exemplars
Authors: Revista Comunicació Educativa Direcció 
Published: February 2016

La recerca educativa ha demostrat des de fa molts anys que els futurs mestres, quan arriben a l’escola, no apliquen allò que se’ls ha explicat, sinó allò que han experimentat directament i reprodueixen els models que han viscut des de l’escola fins a la Universitat. En conseqüència, el que ens cal són mestres exemplars a l’escola i que des de la Facultat siguem capaços d’aprofitar-los per millorar la formació que oferim.
Estudio geoespeleológico de la caverna del cerro Ecce Homo en el municipio de Chimichagua, Cesar
Authors: Lascarro Navarro Frank David , Cormane Tamayo Fernando Miguel , Rojas Martínez Elías Ernesto 
Published: February 2016

En el municipio de Chimichagua, departamento del Cesar, existe un sistema de cavernas naturales asociadas a rocas sedimentarias carbonatadas, que han sufrido disolución química y erosión mecánica, generando procesos exocársticos y endocársticos, que explican los fenómenos geoquímicos y morfológicos que han dado origen a estas cavidades.En este estudio se presentan los resultados de un trabajo espeleológico realizado a la caverna del cerro Ecce homo ubicado en el municipio de Chimichagua, departamento del Cesar. Se concluyó que las unidades litoestragráficas presentes en el exterior e interior de las cavidades son calizas micríticas con fósiles que, según la clasificación de Folk (1974), pertenecen a la Formación Aguas Blancas del Grupo Cogollo. Las cavidades poseen en toda su extensión variedades de espeleotemas productos de procesos endocársticos como son las estalactitas, leche de luna (moonmilk), coladas, banderas, dientes de sierra, que se encuentran en sus paredes y techo.
Neurotheology : Brain-based Religious Experience
Authors: Rakhmat Jalaluddin 
Published: February 2016

Even though most men are occupied with gaining a livelihood and providing for their daily needs and show no concern for spiritual matters there lies within the nature of man an innate urge to seek the ultimate Real. In certain individuals, this force which is dormant and potential becomes awakened and manifest itself openly, thus leading to a series of spiritual perfections.
Religious Experience from a Neuro-Psychological View
Authors: Vakili Hadi 
Published: February 2016

The search for the basis of religious experience among neurological processes in the brain has resulted in a widespread debate within, as well as outside the academic world. The aim of this paper is to analyze to what extent a neuro-psychological theory could explain the phenomenon of religious experience. To clarify what the neuro-psychological studies of the present paper mean by the concept of religious experience, the concept has been divided into three different types: The <em>Erlebnis</em><em> </em>or RErl type, the <em>Erfahrung</em><em> </em>or RErf type and the ideological type of religious experience or RIT type. Furthermore, the present paper is focused on the work of neuro-psychologist M. A. Persinger [1997, 1993, 1992, 1991, 1987, 1985, and 1984]. In his studies, Persinger indicates that mystical experience (RErl) has its seat in the right hemisphere of the human brain, whereas (religious) ideology (RIT) is related to the left hemisphere. Consequently, the hemisphere in which the (religious) experience is taking place seems to label the type of experience. Persinger, interested in the powerful effects of religious experience (of the RErf type) on human beings, asserts that if we could understand the neuro-cognitive processes involved in experiencing religiously, such processes might be copied for clinical use in order to improve psychiatric therapy for curing depression. Thus, Persinger studied and compared people practicing religious meditation with people who did not, and also studied the results of PET scanning on the experiences of schizophrenic and epileptic patients. PET scanning measures the metabolic activity in the hemispheres, ranging it on a scale from under normal to over normal activity. This paper will account for the relevance of comparing these two apparently different studies and for the problem arising the experience of pain because, neurologically, pain, like religious experience,is said to be caused by processes in the human brain.