bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Multitasking Hydrogel Based on Double Dynamic Network with Quadruple‐Stimuli Sensitiveness, Autonomic Self‐Healing Property, and Biomimetic Adhesion Ability
Authors: Chen Jiakai , Su Qian , Guo Ruiwei , Zhang Jinwei , Dong Anjie , Lin Cunguo , Zhang Jianhua 
Published: June 2017

Multifunctional and multiresponsive hydrogels demonstrate excellent promise for multifarious applications but often suffer from high synthesis complexity and poor resource availability. Herein, based on the boronate–catechol interactions between a disulfide‐containing, boronic acid‐based crosslinker, and a catechol‐functionalized poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide), a multitasking hydrogel with double dynamic network is developed. By integrating the inherent heat‐responsive property of poly(N‐isopropyl acrylamide) and bioadhesion of catechol moieties with the reversibility and dynamic features of boronate ester and disulfide bonds, the final hydrogel is endowed with not only temperature, pH, glucose, and redox quadruple‐stimuli sensitiveness, but also autonomic self‐healing property and biomimetic adhesion ability. Moreover, the rheological and adhesive properties can be readily tuned by adjusting the amount of crosslinker or the catechol in polymer precursor. Considering the readily prepared starting materials, easy preparation, high flexibility in tuning hydrogel properties, the procedure provided here opens up a promising avenue to develop multifunctional hydrogels for multifarious applications.
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Quadratic serendipity finite elements over convex polyhedra
Authors: Sinu A. , Natarajan Sundararajan , Shankar K. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryThe conventional approach to construct quadratic elements for an n‐sided polygon will yield n(n+1)/2 shape functions, which increases the computational effort. It is well known that the serendipity elements based on isoparametric formulation suffers from mesh distortion. Floater and Lai proposed a systematic way to construct higher‐order approximations over arbitrary polygons using the generalized barycentric and triangular coordinates. This approach ensures 2n shape functions with nodes only on the boundary of the polygon. In this paper, we extend the polygonal splines approach to 3 dimensions and construct serendipity shape functions over hexahedra and convex polyhedra. This is done by expressing the shape functions using the barycentric coordinates and the local tetrahedral coordinates. The quadratic shape functions possess Kronecker delta property and satisfy constant, linear, and quadratic precision. The accuracy and the convergence properties of the quadratic serendipity shape elements are demonstrated with a series of standard patch tests. The numerical results show that the quadratic serendipity elements pass the patch test, yield optimal convergence rate, and can tolerate extreme mesh distortion.
Frequency of Consuming Foods Predicts Changes in Cravings for Those Foods During Weight Loss: The POUNDS Lost Study
Authors: Apolzan John W. , Myers Candice A. , Champagne Catherine M. , Beyl Robbie A. , Raynor Hollie A. , Anton Stephen A. , Williamson Donald A. , Sacks Frank M. , Bray George A. , Martin Corby K. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveFood cravings are thought to be the result of conditioning or pairing hunger with consumption of certain foods.MethodsIn a 2‐year weight loss trial, subjects were randomized to one of four diets that varied in macronutrient content. The Food Craving Inventory (FCI) was used to measure cravings at baseline and at 6 and 24 months. Food intake was also measured at those time points. To measure free‐living consumption of food items measured in the FCI, items on the FCI were matched to the foods consumed from the food intake assessments. Secondarily, the amount of food consumed on food intake assessments from foods on the FCI was analyzed.ResultsThree hundred and sixty‐seven subjects with overweight and obesity were included. There was an association between change from baseline FCI item consumption and change in cravings at months 6 (P < 0.001) and 24 (P < 0.05). There was no association between change from baseline amount of energy consumed per FCI item and change in cravings.ConclusionsAltering frequency of consuming craved foods is positively associated with cravings; however, changing the amount of foods consumed does not appear to alter cravings. These results support the conditioning model of food cravings and provide guidance on how to reduce food cravings.
Evaluation of the effect of GLP‐1 agonists on quality of bowel preparation for colonoscopy in patients with diabetes
Authors: Sharma Toishi , Das Nitin , Ismail Bahaaeldeen , Castro‐Pavia Fernando , Cabral Jose , Villabona Carmen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPeople with diabetes mellitus warrant a greater need for colonoscopy owing to the increased risk of colorectal cancer and autonomic neuropathy. Unfortunately, this population is reported to have a higher proportion of inadequate bowel preparation during colonoscopy, which translates into lower adenoma detection rates and repeat colonoscopies. Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) agonists commonly used in the management of diabetes are well known to cause delayed gastrointestinal (GI) transit times, yet it is unknown if they contribute to the higher frequency of inadequate bowel preparation in people with diabetes.Therefore, we conducted a retrospective medical record analysis of type 2 diabetic patients aged 45–75 who had an outpatient colonoscopy between 2012 and 2015. Our patients were taking either Byetta, Victoza or Bydureon and the method of bowel preparation used was polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution. Patients who had a diagnosis of conditions known to cause delayed GI transit times (autonomic neuropathy, GI surgery, stroke and multiple sclerosis) were excluded. The final pool consisted of 126 diabetic patients taking a GLP‐1 agonist and a control group of 129 diabetic patients who were not taking this class of medication. The percentage of satisfactory bowel preparations in the group taking a GLP‐1 agonist was 92.06% and in the control group was 92.25%. Chi‐squared p‐value for significant difference between these two groups was p = 1.0 (95% confidence interval −0.066 to 0.069). Hence there were no significant differences in bowel preparation among diabetic patients taking GLP‐1 agonists vs the control group; GLP‐1 agonists can therefore continually be used according to the current standard protocols for colonoscopy before and after colonoscopy. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons.
Biodegradable polycarbonates containing side carboxyl groups—synthesis, properties, and degradation study
Authors: Jaworska Joanna , Kawalec Michal , Pastusiak Malgorzata , Reczynska Katarzyna , Janeczek Henryk , Lewicka Kamila , Pamula Elzbieta , Dobrzynski Piotr 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe main objective of the presented research was to synthesise biodegradable aliphatic polycarbonates containing reactive carboxyl pendant groups and to examine the influence of the copolymer chain microstructure and composition on the process of their hydrolytic degradation and cytocompatibility. The work describes copolymerization of cyclic trimethylene carbonate derivative containing benzyl‐ester pendant group (benzyl 5‐methyl‐2‐oxo‐1,3‐dioxane‐5‐carboxylate) with trimethylene carbonate. The copolymerization was conducted with the use of zinc (II) and lanthanum (III) acetylacetonates as ring‐opening polymerization coordination initiators. Detailed NMR analysis allowed to define the microstructure of the obtained copolymers, which depended on the composition and type of used initiator. The final tapered chain microstructure of the obtained copolymers was related to huge differences in comonomers reactivity and evidenced low level of transesterification of the main copolymer backbone. Chosen copolymers, with unprotected carbonyl groups, were subjected to in vitro degradation test and cytocompatibility studies. It was found that high concentration of carboxyl groups resulted in copolymers which formed hydrogels and were very prone to hydrolytic degradation; they were also cytotoxic toward osteoblast‐like MG 63 cells. Copolymers with lower content of carboxyl groups were found less susceptible to degradation and cytocompatible with studied cells. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2756–2769
Physical gelation and macromolecular mobility of sustainable polylactide during isothermal crystallization
Authors: Fang Huagao , Xie Qizheng , Wei Haibing , Xu Pei , Ding Yunsheng 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe mobility of free macromolecular chains is of importance to the growth of crystallites in a crystallizing sustainable polylactide (PLA), which was scarcely explored by rheology. In this study, the time‐resolved rheological properties for PLA during isothermal crystallization were investigated first, showing that the storage and loss modulus experience 2–3 decades of increase. The Avrami analysis reveals that the crystallization kinetics in rheological measurement protocol follows the homogeneous nucleation and three‐dimensional growth mechanism. The linear viscoelastic properties in the vicinity of physical gelation point were then studied at the inverse quenching temperature of 165 °C. The results show that physical gelation occurs when the critical absolute crystallinity reaches 13% as determined by the rheological method. Relaxation time spectra reveal that the interfacial relaxation is greatly retarded but the presence of growing spherulites possesses little constraint on the mobility of free chains in matrix especially before physical gelation point. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 1235–1244
Sexual life after mastectomy in breast cancer survivors: A qualitative study
Authors: Fouladi Nasrin , Pourfarzi Farhad , Dolattorkpour Negin , Alimohammadi Sara , Mehrara Elham 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectiveMastectomy is a highly frequent form of breast cancer treatment in Iran, and sexual dysfunction after mastectomy has been reported in the majority of breast cancer survivors in Iran. In this qualitative study, an attempt was made to examine the stages that patients go through in their sexual lives after mastectomy.Method and materialsUsing purposeful sampling, 30 married women, who had undergone surgery and had completed an adjuvant treatment period, participated in the study. Data collection was done using in‐depth, open, and semistructured interviews. Content analysis was used.ResultsTwo main categories were identified in the stages the patients go through following mastectomy: sexual function breakdown and restoration of sexual function, each of which involved 3 subcategories, in turn.Subcategories of the first category were perceived physical changes by the survivor and altered sexual behaviors. These 2 factors lead to sexual function breakdown. The third subcategory includes the factors exacerbating the sexual function breakdown.The subcategories of the second category were modification in sexual behaviors, effort for physical restoration, and striving to gain support.ConclusionIt was found that in Iranian society, due to cultural context, some taboos, and patriarchal structure, the patients are placed under added pressure following mastectomy. As a consequence, they suffer emotional problems, in addition to physical complications of the disease and its treatments.
Are herbicides a once in a century method of weed control?
Authors: Davis Adam S , Frisvold George B 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe efficacy of any pesticide is an exhaustible resource that can be depleted over time. For decades, the dominant paradigm – that weed mobility is low relative to insect pests and pathogens, that there is an ample stream of new weed control technologies in the commercial pipeline, and that technology suppliers have sufficient economic incentives and market power to delay resistance – supported alaissez faireapproach to herbicide resistance management. Earlier market data bolstered the belief that private incentives and voluntary actions were sufficient to manage resistance. Yet, there has been a steady growth in resistant weeds, while no new commercial herbicide modes of action (MOAs) have been discovered in 30 years. Industry has introduced new herbicide tolerant crops to increase the applicability of older MOAs. Yet, many weed species are already resistant to these compounds. Recent trends suggest a paradigm shift whereby herbicide resistance may impose greater costs to farmers, the environment, and taxpayers than earlier believed. In developed countries, herbicides have been the dominant method of weed control for half a century. Over the next half‐century, will widespread resistance to multiple MOAs render herbicides obsolete for many major cropping systems? We suggest it would be prudent to consider the implications of such a low‐probability, but high‐cost development. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Visible‐light photoredox‐catalyzed desulfurization of thiol‐ and disulfide‐containing amino acids and small peptides
Authors: Lee Myungmo , Neukirchen Saskia , Cabrele Chiara , Reiser Oliver 
Published: June 2017

A scalable protocol for the desulfurization of cysteine by using visible light, the photocatalyst Ir(dF(CF3)ppy)2(dtb‐bpy)PF6 and triethylphosphite under biphasic reaction conditions has been developed. The loading of the catalyst can be as low as 0.01 mol%, which can be efficiently removed during the workup (≤0.3 ppm), giving rise to the corresponding desulfurized product in high yields. This method has been applied also to cystine, penicillamine, and reduced and oxidized glutathione. The desulfurization has been found to be pH sensitive, with an optimal pH value of 6.5 and 7.0 for the cysteine derivatives and glutathione, respectively. In addition, during the desulfurization of a decapeptide containing cysteine and methionine, concurrent oxidation of the two sulfur‐containing residues to disulfide and sulfoxide has been observed. Therefore, whereas the presented protocol allows a straightforward visible light‐mediated desulfurization of simple thiols by using very low catalyst loading and a cost‐effective trialkylphosphite as thiyl radical trapping agent, its application to complex substrates needs to be carefully validated. Copyright © 2017 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Load reduction on a clipper liberty wind turbine with linear parameter‐varying individual blade pitch control
Authors: Ossmann Daniel , Theis Julian , Seiler Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe increasing size of modern wind turbines also increases the structural loads caused by effects such as turbulence or asymmetries in the inflowing wind field. Consequently, the use of advanced control algorithms for active load reduction has become a relevant part of current wind turbine control systems. In this paper, an individual blade pitch control law is designed using multivariable linear parameter‐varying control techniques. It reduces the structural loads both on the rotating and non‐rotating parts of the turbine. Classical individual blade pitch control strategies rely on single‐control loops with low bandwidth. The proposed approach makes it possible to use a higher bandwidth since it accounts for coupling at higher frequencies. A controller is designed for the utility‐scale 2.5 MW Liberty research turbine operated by the University of Minnesota. Stability and performance are verified using the high‐fidelity nonlinear simulation and baseline controllers that were directly obtained from the manufacturer. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Die StreetScooter-Vision
Authors: Kampker Achim , Gerdes Jürgen , Schuh Günther 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungMärchen beginnen mit „Es war einmal“, Erfolgsgeschichten mit „Es wird einmal“. Aus dem Primotyp des StreetScooters wurde ein Zustellfahrzeug, praktisch, ökologisch, günstig. Wie geht es weiter? Die Deutsche Post plant eine grüne Zukunft und der Street-Scooter ist fester Bestandteil dieses Plans.
Die StreetScooter-Protagonisten-Story
Authors: Kampker Achim , Gerdes Jürgen , Schuh Günther 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungKeine Frage: Einer guten Idee ist es egal, wer sie hatte. Wenn aber aus seiner Idee eine Erfolgsgeschichte werden soll, dann ist es alles andere als gleichgültig, wer der Idee zur Seite steht. Die folgenden sechs Herren sind der personifizierte StreetScooter-Sixpack. Jeder von ihnen hat auf seine Weise Hirn, Herz und Muskeln für den StreetScooter spielen lassen.
Die StreetScooter-Netzwerk-Story
Authors: Kampker Achim , Gerdes Jürgen , Schuh Günther 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungInnovationen entstehen vor allem dann, wenn man über den eigenen Tellerrand hinausschaut, vor allem aber, wenn man Dritten über diesen Tellerrand den Einblick nach innen erlaubt und Kunden integriert. Genauso haben es die Ingenieure des StreetScooters gemacht. Hier ein Einblick und Überblick.
Pairing strategy after today's failure: unpaired termites synchronize mate search using photic cycles
Authors: Mizumoto Nobuaki , Fuchikawa Taro , Matsuura Kenji 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAnimals must search for other individuals under spatially and temporally fluctuating environments. During mate searches, search timing is critical to increase encounter rate and internal oscillating clocks often play important roles in synchronization. On the other hands, some species living in areas with no or reduced periodicity do not show endogenous circadian rhythm, where little is known about how they determine search timing. Termites usually live within logs and underground with little light fluctuations, but also come out of their nests during mating flight season. After swarming, termites run on the ground to search for mates. If they fail to find mates on the flight day, they need to continue searching until a day to succeed. Here we found that unpaired termites show daily search–rest cycles and restrict searching activity to a certain period of the day by responding to photic cycles. The search–rest cycles were diel rhythmic and synchronized with light–dark cycles. Termites also showed periodic (period length ≈ 18 h) search–rest patterns under constant darkness. These results indicate that the diel rhythm is caused by the internal oscillating clocks which are entrained to the photic cycles. The search activity in light–dark cycles was observed only at a specific time during the light period, which matches approximately the time of swarming flight. Our results suggest that termites adaptively regulate their daily searching activity, if they fail to encounter mates at the flight day.
Pigment Profile, Color and Antioxidant Capacity of Arbequina Virgin Olive Oils from Different Irrigation Treatments
Authors: Sena‐Moreno Estela , Pérez‐Rodríguez Juan Manuel , De Miguel Concepción , Prieto María Henar , Franco María Nieves , Cabrera‐Bañegil Manuel , Martín‐Vertedor Daniel 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOlive fruits and virgin olive oils from a super‐high‐density olive orchard cv. Arbequina under different irrigation treatments (Control, RDI1, RDI2) were characterized by their pigment profile, CIElab colorimetric coordinates, oxidative stability and antioxidant capacity during the olive seasons 2011 and 2012. The control treatment were irrigated according to the total evapotranspiration of the olive grove (100% ETc), while RDI1 and RDI2 consisted of moderate and severe deficit irrigation, respectively. Olive fruits from severe water deficit irrigation treatment (RDI2) showed a significantly greater concentration of pigments compared to the others. In addition, the ratios a*/chlorophylls and chlorophylls/carotenoids indicated a delayed maturation in these olives. Irrigation treatments significantly affected the yellow component (b*) of the virgin olive oils contained. A reduction of 75% in the water applied (RDI2) produced a strong increase in lutein‐zeaxanthin content (38%) and chlorophyll a (50%), oxidative stability, that ranged from 8.37 h (Control) to 13.23 h (RDI2) and antioxidant activity compared to Control. However, the oil production from RDI2 decreased approximately a 49%.
Ipragliflozin Reduces Epicardial Fat Accumulation in Non-Obese Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Visceral Obesity: A Pilot Study
Authors: Fukuda Tatsuya , Bouchi Ryotaro , Terashima Masahiro , Sasahara Yuriko , Asakawa Masahiro , Takeuchi Takato , Nakano Yujiro , Murakami Masanori , Minami Isao , Izumiyama Hajime , Hashimoto Koshi , Yoshimoto Takanobu , Ogawa Yoshihiro 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Introduction
Epicardial fat (EF) was reported to be independently associated with cardiovascular disease regardless of obesity. We have previously reported that a sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, luseogliflozin, reduces the EF volume (EFV) in parallel with the reduction of body weight in obese patients (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes. However, it is unknown whether SGLT2 inhibitors could reduce EFV in non-obese patients (BMI <25 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on the EFV in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients with visceral obesity in this pilot study.

Methods
Nine of type 2 diabetic patients (mean age 66 ± 8 years; 33% female) with HbA1c 6.5–9.0%, body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) <25.0, and visceral fat area (VFA, cm2) ≥100 were enrolled. Participants were administered ipragliflozin 50 mg daily. EFV [median (interquartile range), cm3] was measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Primary endpoint was the change in EFV at 12 weeks. VFA and liver attenuation index (LAI), skeletal muscle index (SMI), and body fat (%) were also assessed at baseline and at 12 weeks.

Results
The EFV was significantly reduced from 102 (79–126) cm3 to 89 (66–109) cm3 by ipraglifrozin (p = 0.008). The body weight, BMI, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance, triglycerides, leptin, body fat, android, gynoid, and VFA were significantly reduced and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly increased by ipraglifrozin at 12 weeks, whereas SFA and LAI were unchanged. The change in EFV was significantly correlated with the change in BMI.

Conclusions
A12-week intervention of ipragliflozin reduced the EFV in non-obese type 2 diabetic patients with visceral adiposity.

Clinical Trial Registration
UMIN Clinical Trial Registry: UMIN000019071.

Funding
Astellas Pharma Inc. and the Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.