bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
John Smith’s: Historical perspectives and historical precedence
Authors: Frost Simon , Hall Stephen 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This companion piece to ‘Bespoke Bookselling for the twenty-first century: John Smith’s and current UK higher education’ (also in this issue of Book 2.0) provides a historical narrative of the bookshop chain John Smith’s. From its emergence in Glasgow in the 1750s, through its negotiation of the Net Book Agreement around 1900 and its strategies for survival and growth after the agreement’s collapse in the digital era, the article provides the only comprehensive history of this unique book retail business up to the present day. What is apparent is that its current diverse business model has a clear historical precedence. Their business involvements have included publishing, circulating libraries, library and learning material supply, creation of cultural events, transitioning from local to global and, especially, cooperation with higher education. John Smith’s is a perfect example of how bookselling was and is far more than simply the activity of selling books.
The past and futures of annotation: How reading communities drive media change
Authors: Graham Elyse 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article takes a comparative look at the annotative models and devices that readers have used historically to organize the information in texts, in order to better understand the needs that readers bring to the digital environment. Based on what we can discover about the factors that brought about major changes in models and devices of note-taking in the past, what can we learn – as we design new forms of note-taking and annotation for the digital age – about the approaches to design that seem likely to have the most lasting impact? As this tour d’horizon shows, even in the gadget-driven digital environment, social activity plays a determining role in shaping the forms that annotation tools adopt and even the definition of what a reader is and needs.
The battle of the books: An examination of Charles Goss
Authors: Burnage Christopher 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article seeks to delve more closely into the debate that took place in the late nineteenth century and the early twentieth century surrounding the introduction of open access shelving in London’s public libraries. Described by The Sun as ‘the battle of the books’, Charles Goss, librarian of the Bishopsgate Institute in east London, took a clear stance against open access in favour of the Cotgreave Indicator (closed access). Scholars have focused on James Duff Brown, the pioneer of open access in the United Kingdom, but it is the focus of this article to explore the thoughts and findings of Charles Goss and his opposition to a system that was eventually welcomed by every public library up and down the country, something that has direct relevance to our library circuit as it exists today.
LOS NIVELES DE VULNERABILIDAD SOCIAL DE LA CIUDAD DE CHILPANCINGO, GUERRERO, MÉXICO
Authors: García Castro Neftalí , Villerías Salinas Salvador 
Published: May 2016

Esta investigación revela los niveles de vulnerabilidad social hallados en la ciudad de Chilpancingo, Guerrero. Se abordan los aspectos siguientes: primero, el sustento cognoscitivo en torno a la vulnerabilidad social; en particular, aquellos aportes hechos en América Latina que definen el enfoque conceptual utilizado en el presente estudio. Después, se detalla la secuencia empleada para determinar las diferencias socioterritoriales que presenta este asentamiento guerrerense; con base en el método de tipificación probabilística, el cual dio pauta para evaluar el acceso heterogéneo a un conjunto de activos y estructura de oportunidades que inciden en los niveles de vulnerabilidad social de la población examinada. Finalmente, se explica cuál es el comportamiento de los indicadores socioeconómicos que distingue a cada nivel de vulnerabilidad social identificado en esta localidad mexicana.ABSTRACT This paper reveals the social vulnerability levels of the city of Chilpancingo, Guerrero. First, we present the cognitive support around social vulnerability; in particular, those conceptual approach used in this research. Then, we describe the sequence used to determine the socio-territorial differences of this Mexican city -based on the probabilistic classification method, which established the guidelines to assess the heterogeneous access to a set of assets and opportunity structure to determine the levels of social vulnerability of the population analyzed. Finally, we explain the behavior of socio-economic indicators that characterizes each level of social vulnerability identified in Chilpancingo.
Neonatal Phototherapy and Infantile Cancer
Authors: Wickremasinghe Andrea C. , Kuzniewicz Michael W. , Grimes Barbara A. , McCulloch Charles E. , Newman Thomas B. 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE:To determine whether neonatal phototherapy is associated with cancer in the first year after birth.METHODS:We analyzed a data set from the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development that was created by linking birth certificates, death certificates, and hospital discharge abstracts up to age 1 year. Subjects were 5 144 849 infants born in California hospitals at ≥35 weeks’ gestation from 1998 to 2007. We used International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes to identify phototherapy at &lt;15 days and discharge diagnoses of cancer at 61 to 365 days. We adjusted for potential confounding variables by using traditional and propensity-adjusted logistic regression models.RESULTS:Cancer was diagnosed in 58/178 017 infants with diagnosis codes for phototherapy and 1042/4 966 832 infants without such codes (32.6/100 000 vs 21.0/100 000; relative risk 1.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–2.0, P = .002). In propensity-adjusted analyses, associations were seen between phototherapy and overall cancer (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1–1.9), myeloid leukemia (aOR 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3–5.0), and kidney cancer (aOR 2.5; 95% CI, 1.2–5.1). The marginal propensity-adjusted absolute risk increase for cancer after phototherapy in the total population was 9.4/100 000 (number needed to harm of 10 638). Because of the higher baseline risk of cancer in infants with Down syndrome, the number needed to harm was 1285.CONCLUSIONS:Phototherapy may slightly increase the risk of cancer in infancy, although the absolute risk increase is small. This risk should be considered when making phototherapy treatment decisions, especially for infants with bilirubin levels below current treatment guidelines.
Percepção de Estudantes do Ensino Médio Quanto a Palestras Sobre Educação Sexual em Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul
Authors: Stradiotti Kamila Motta , Alves Amanda Almirão , Castro Daniela de Castro Kassar Moretzsohn , Camillo Fernanda Gaspar , Pancini Isabelle Dourado , Silva Luis Felipe Gomes , Baldomar Junior Oscar Medina , Zanin Paulo Henrique , Bento Leda Márcia Araujo , Andrade Luciana Paes 
Published: May 2016

<p>O presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o nível de conhecimento em educação sexual de alunos do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio em amostra representativa da cidade de Campo Grande, após a aplicação de palestras. Tratou-se de pesquisa do tipo observacional prospectivo de coorte, realizada em oito escolas públicas de ensino em Campo Grande, MS, em salas de aula do primeiro ano do Ensino Médio, de fevereiro de 2012 até setembro de 2012. Sendo as instituições de diferentes distritos, diferenças de acertos estatisticamente significantes não foram encontradas quando consideradas as características sociodemográficas da região e a idade; entretanto, houve melhor desempenho entre o préteste e o pós-teste da população feminina. Ao final do estudo, evidenciou-se que as questões de caráter prático tiveram um maior acréscimo de acertos total. Não houve acréscimo de conhecimento estatisticamente significante com palestras em educação sexual, sendo a utilização dessas como transmissão de conhecimento ineficaz para a população estudada.</p>
Water supply diagnosis in the municipality of Cajazeiras, Paraíba State, Brazil
Authors: Silva Filho José Adalberto da , Araújo Sayonara Costa de , Nogueira Virgínia de Fátima Bezerra 
Published: May 2016

<p>The water supply is a key factor for the development of the population in a region. The mapping areas that are not supplied with drinking water is an important mechanism, once the vulnerable locations are identified, which leads to establish policies and programs to mitigate the problem. Thus, this paper aims at examining areas that present vulnerability in access to water in the municipality of Cajazeiras, Paraíba State, Brazil. In order to carry this research out, data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics were analyzed. The results indicate a disproportion in access to water between rural and urban areas, with the first being very vulnerable to contamination factors. It is necessary environmental education programs for sustainable water use, the development of technologies to ensure good quality water and the well being of the people, by the high risk of water-related diseases caused by the contamination that may occur in capture, transport and storage of water.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Diagnóstico do abastecimento de água no município de Cajazeiras – PB, Brasil</em></strong></p><p><strong>Resumo</strong><strong>: </strong>O abastecimento de água é um fator determinante para o desenvolvimento da população em uma região. O mapeamento de zonas que não são abastecidos com água potável é um mecanismo importante, uma vez que são identificadas as localidades que apresentam vulnerabilidade, sendo assim possível estabelecer políticas e programas que amenizem a problemática. Dessa forma, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo analisar as zonas que apresentam vulnerabilidade no acesso à água no município de Cajazeiras - PB, por meio de dados obtidos junto ao Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Os resultados indicam uma desproporcionalidade no acesso à água entre as zonas rurais e urbanas, sendo a primeira muito vulnerável a fatores de contaminação. Dessa forma, faz-se necessário programas de educação ambiental para o uso sustentável da água, como também o desenvolvimento de tecnologias que garantam a segurança hídrica e o bem-estar das populações que residem nessas áreas, tendo em vista o alto risco de ocorrência de surtos de doenças de veiculação hídrica devido a contaminação que pode ocorrer na captação, transporte e armazenamento. </p>
A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR THE PHOTOSPHERIC DRIVING OF NON-POTENTIAL SOLAR CORONAL MAGNETIC FIELD SIMULATIONS
Authors: Weinzierl Marion , Yeates Anthony R. , Mackay Duncan H. , Henney Carl J. , Arge C. Nick 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
In this paper, we develop a new technique for driving global non-potential simulations of the Sun’s coronal magnetic field solely from sequences of radial magnetic maps of the solar photosphere. A primary challenge to driving such global simulations is that the required horizontal electric field cannot be uniquely determined from such maps. We show that an “inductive” electric field solution similar to that used by previous authors successfully reproduces specific features of the coronal field evolution in both single and multiple bipole simulations. For these cases, the true solution is known because the electric field was generated from a surface flux-transport model. The match for these cases is further improved by including the non-inductive electric field contribution from surface differential rotation. Then, using this reconstruction method for the electric field, we show that a coronal non-potential simulation can be successfully driven from a sequence of ADAPT maps of the photospheric radial field, without including additional physical observations which are not routinely available.
MOLECULAR HYDROGEN ABSORPTION FROM THE HALO OF A z ∼ 0.4 GALAXY
Authors: Muzahid Sowgat , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Charlton Jane C. , Churchill Christopher W. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Lyman- and Werner-band absorption of molecular hydrogen (

) is detected in ∼50% of low-redshift (

) DLAs/sub-DLAs with

(

)

cm−2. However, the true origin(s) of the

-bearing gas remain elusive. Here we report a new detection of an

absorber at

= 0.4298 in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/Cosmic Origins Spectrograph spectra of quasar PKS 2128–123. The total

of

cm−2 classifies the absorber as a sub-DLA.

absorption is detected up to the J = 3 rotational level with a total

= 16.36 ± 0.08, corresponding to a molecular fraction of

= −2.84 ± 0.17. The excitation temperature of

= 206 ± 6 K indicates the presence of cold gas. Using detailed ionization modeling, we obtain a near-solar metallicity (i.e., [O/H] = −0.26 ± 0.19) and a dust-to-gas ratio of

for the

-absorbing gas. The host galaxy of the sub-DLA is detected at an impact parameter of ρ ∼ 48 kpc with an inclination angle of i ∼ 48° and an azimuthal angle of Φ ∼ 15° with respect to the QSO sightline. We show that corotating gas in an extended disk cannot explain the observed kinematics of Mg ii absorption. Moreover, the inferred high metallicity is not consistent with the scenario of gas accretion. An outflow from the central region of the host galaxy, on the other hand, would require a large opening angle (i.e.,

), much larger than the observed outflow opening angles in Seyfert galaxies, in order to intercept the QSO sightline. We thus favor a scenario in which the

-bearing gas is stemming from a dwarf-satellite galaxy, presumably via tidal and/or ram pressure stripping. Detection of a dwarf galaxy candidate in the HST/WFPC2 image at an impact parameter of ∼12 kpc reinforces such an idea.
Intensidade Tecnológica das Exportações do Brasil e de Estados Selecionados (2000-2010)
Authors: Vogel Gabriel , Azevedo André Filipe Zago 
Published: May 2016

Nowadays, there is an intense debate about the process of reprimarization of Brazilian exports and its effects on the economy. This paper aims at contributing to this debate, aiming at identifying the technological intensity of Brazilian and its main states exports, between 2000 and 2010, to its main destinations. The study is based on secondary and official data, provided by the Ministry of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade (MDIC). The results show that in this period, despite the increase in total exports, there was a drop in the share of high and medium-high technological intensity products on total exports, with a concentration of exports on low technological intensity and primary products, corroborating the hypothesis of the continuation of reprimarization of exports, observed originally in de 1990s. This situation was also observed in all main export states. With regard the states export destination, there was a high share of commodities and low intensity products in total exports to China, while Mercosur showed a higher concentration on medium-high and high technological products.
Archaeological Survey Data Quality, Durability, and Use in the United States
Authors: Wilshusen Richard H. , Heilen Michael , Catts Wade , de Dufour Karyn , Jones Bradford 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHigh-quality archaeological surveys and data are vital to preservation planning and mitigation efforts. Federal and state historic preservation offices (SHPOs) are accumulating and reviewing more data at an ever-faster pace. Given the critical nature of this information, a SAA task force was charged with assessing current survey practices and concerns. Our review indicates that survey policies and archaeological standards have improved substantially over the last two decades, but SHPOs remain challenged by insufficient professional training for field archaeologists, the need for standardization and integration of new technologies in field work, reporting, and review, as well as the sheer quantity and variety of digital data. A number of analytical tools and metrics are available to assess data quality, but seemingly there is not time or money for states to evaluate how to improve existing and future survey data. We draw upon a survey of SHPOs, a review of current literature, and our own experience to assess archaeological survey quality, data utility and durability for current and anticipated future uses. We offer suggestions on how to move forward, including consideration of an e-106 system for streamlining transfer and exchange of digital data and upgrading current approaches to survey and planning.
Deconstructing Archaeology’s Digital Media
Authors: Perry Sara 
Published: May 2016

Are you an avid fan of Instagramed excavation finds, or YouTube clips of archaeologists? Ever visited an archaeologically-themed virtual museum? Or have you taken a tour of a historic site with a mobile app as your guide? Have you searched for the best Minecraft games deployed in the name of heritage? Or are you regularly on the lookout for blogs to keep you up-to-date on new archaeological thinking?Beginning with our next issue, Advances in Archaeological Practice (AAP) will become the first major archaeological journal in the English-speaking world to to regularly review the highs and lows, the practicalities, personal experiences and audience impacts of the full range of digital media applied to our discipline. Moving beyond standard book or exhibition reviews, here we will explore any (and all) current digital initiatives produced to engage both general and specialist audiences. Our concern is to push on the boundaries of the review format, turning it into a space where the increasing array of digital outputs being developed and marketed in archaeology are compared and subjected to critical reflection.
Cullen Sign and Grey Turner Sign Revisited
Authors: Wright William F. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Cullen sign and Grey Turner sign, named after Thomas Stephen Cullen, MB, and George Grey Turner, MBBS, respectively, are signs of abdominal wall hemorrhage and are generally associated with acute pancreatitis. However, the research from which these signs arose was documented long before Cullen and Grey Turner made their contributions. The present article examines the history, pathologic mechanisms, and clinical application of these signs in relation to acute pancreatitis and ectopic pregnancy.
Sensor chip design for increasing surface-plasmon-assisted fluorescence enhancement of the V-trench biosensor
Authors: Ashiba Hiroki , Fujimaki Makoto , Wang Xiaomin , Awazu Koichi , Tamura Takamasa , Shimizu Yoshiyuki 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A sensor chip design for the V-trench biosensor, which is an instrument for highly sensitive fluorescence assay, was investigated to increase its sensitivity. A simulation based on the transfer matrix method revealed that the vertex angle and electric field enhancements of the V-trench biosensor chip are increased by employing a high-refractive-index material for the chip. It was proved that a chip made of high-refractive-index glass for press molding exhibited a 1.4-fold larger electric field enhancement than that made of polystyrene. Influenza virus detection was also demonstrated using glass chips, and a detection limit of 104 pfu/mL was obtained with a sample volume of 15 µL.
Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Diastolic Stiffness Using Cardiac Shear Wave Elastography
Authors: Song Pengfei , Bi Xiaojun , Mellema Daniel C. , Manduca Armando , Urban Matthew W. , Greenleaf James F. , Chen Shigao 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to systematically investigate the feasible echocardiographic views for human transthoracic cardiac shear wave elastography (SWE) and the impact of myocardial anisotropy on myocardial stiffness measurements.MethodsA novel cardiac SWE technique using pulse inversion harmonic imaging and time‐aligned sequential tracking was developed for this study. The technique can measure the quantitative local myocardial stiffness noninvasively. Ten healthy volunteers were recruited and scanned by the proposed technique 3 times on 3 different days.ResultsSeven combinations of echocardiographic views and left ventricular (LV) segments were found to be feasible for LV diastolic stiffness measurements: basal interventricular septum under parasternal short‐ and long‐axis views; mid interventricular septum under parasternal short‐ and long‐axis views; anterior LV free wall under parasternal short‐ and long‐axis views; and posterior LV free wall under a parasternal short‐axis view. Statistical analyses showed good repeatability of LV diastolic stiffness measurements among 3 different days from 70% of the participants for the basal interventricular septum and posterior LV free wall short‐axis views. On the same LV segment, the mean diastolic shear wave speed measurements from the short‐axis view were statistically different from the long‐axis measurements: 1.82 versus 1.29 m/s for the basal interventricular septum; 1.81 versus 1.45 m/s for mid interventricular septum; and 1.96 versus 1.77 m/s for the anterior LV free wall, indicating that myocardial anisotropy plays a substantial role in LV diastolic stiffness measurements.ConclusionsThese results establish the preliminary normal range of LV diastolic stiffness under different scan views and provide important guidance for future clinical studies using cardiac SWE.
Microporous Spheres of Tiny Semiconducting Graphene Sheets from Hypercross‐linked Polymers: Absorption and CO2 Sorption Characteristics
Authors: Vinodh Rajangam , Babu Cadiam Mohan , Abidov Aziz , Peng Mei Mei , Palanichamy Muthiahpillai , Cha Wang Seog , Jang Hyun Tae 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFriedel–Crafts reactions of phloroglucinol and anthracene with terephthaldehyde and the varying content of 4, 4′‐bis ((chloromethyl)‐1, 1′‐ biphenyl) (BCMB) yielded novel hypercross‐linked polymers (HCPs). The polymer matrix carries rigid, conjugated, quinonoid blocks; they are tiny semiconducting graphene sheets, whose organization creates micropores. The reaction involves Friedel–Crafts alkylation and the subsequent dehydrogenation of ‐CH2‐ and –CH‐ bridges by the catalyst, FeCl3. Heating the reaction product between 500 and 600°C completes dehydrogenation of residual bridges. Their FTIR spectra and DRS UV‐Vis spectra confirm such results. As a result of heating, the absorption maximum shifted toward longer wavelength, and absorbance was raised. It absorbs light like semiconducting graphene covering the entire ultraviolet, visible, and partly near infrared region. The band gap of synthesized materials is close to 1.2 eV. All the HCPs are amorphous and showed CO2 capture close to 6 wt% at room temperature. The obtained materials are hydrophobic and decompose above 300°C in air atmosphere. So, in addition to its application to sorption of CO2, they are also the right choice of materials for the fabrication of organic solar cells.
ChemInform Abstract: Tetragonal Fluoroperovskites AM0.75□0.25F3 Deficient in Cations: K4Mn(II)Mn(III)2F12 and Ba2Cs2Cu3F12
Authors: FRENZEN G. , KUMMER S. , MASSA W. , BABEL D. 
Published: May 2016

Abstractare obtained as outlined in the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Some Roles of MgO and TiO2 in Densification of a Sinterable Alumina.
Authors: IKEGAMI T. , KOTANI K. , EGUCHI K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTiO2 greatly enhances the densification of Al2O3 in the initial and intermediate stages of sintering, but there is a slight difference between the final densities (97%‐98% of the theoretical value) of undoped and TiO2‐doped Al2O3 sintered at 1600 °C for 1 h. MgO has inappreciable influence on the shrinkage rate of alumina in the same stages, but the resultant density is 99%.