bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and immunogenetic features of neonates with perinatal infections
Authors: Ragimova N Dzh , Guliev N Dzh 
Published: June 2017

Aim. Investigation of cytokine status and the association between promoter regions polymorphism of interleukin-6, -10 and -18 genes in neonates with perinatal infections.
Methods. Complex examination of 743 neonates with perinatal infections was conducted. The level of interleukin-1β, -6, -10, -18, and TNFα was measured with the use of standard method of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay («sandwich» variant). Polymorphic variants of genes were analyzed with the methods of polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism.
Results. The results of the received data are indicative of the general tendency to increasing level of cytokines both in full-term and preterm infants with perinatal infections. Our study revealed the role of allelic variants at positions -174 G/C, -572 G/C, -597 G/A of interleukin 6, at positions -1082 G/C, -819 T/C of interleukin-10 and at positions -656 T/G, -137 G/C of interleukin-18 genes in the risk of development and progression of infections. It was determined that the presence of G allele at -174 and -572 positions of interleukin-6 gene, C allele at -819 and -137 positions of interleukin-10 and -18 genes, respectively, and G allele at -656 position of interleukin-18 gene was associated with the risk of perinatal infections in newborns. Conclusions. In neonates with perinatal infections imbalance of cytokine profile was revealed, that can be confirmed by increased level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, -6, -18, and TNFα) and decreased level of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin-10) compared to uninfected neonates. Allelic variants of cytokine genes of interleukin-6 at position -572 G/C, interleukin-10 at position -819 T/G and interleukin-18 at position -652 T/G and 137 G/C are significantly associated with infectious diseases. Increased risk of prenatal infections is associated with genotypes GG of interleukin-6, TT of interleukin-10 and TT and GG of interleukin-18. Detection of haplotypes and haplogenotypes in the population of healthy and infected neonates revealed favorable haplotypes: GCC and GGG of interleukin-6, ATA of interleukin-10 and AGG and CGC of interleukin-18.
The method of eyeglass lenses processing and a device for its performing
Authors: Shishkin A V , Korepanov A V , Petrov A V , Akhkiyamova A V 
Published: June 2017

Aim. To develop an inexpensive and efficient method of increasing the hydrophilicity of the lens surface and a device for its implementation.
Methods. To implement the claimed method, a gas discharge device was created. Processing of glasses with plastic lenses in a high-frequency gas discharge (cold plasma) was performed in 47 myopes and 43 hypermetropes. Gas discharge was generated under the following conditions: 1 MHz, 10-20 W, pressure of 0.3-0.01 mm Hg. Processing was carried out for 30-900 seconds. As a result hydrophilic properties of the lens surface were observed in all processed lenses.
Results. On the surface of the lenses a large number of hydrophilic functional groups are formed so during water vapour condensation the formation of a water film occurs instead of forming microdrops. Thus, transparency of the lenses is not disturbed. The hydrophilic properties of the lens surface was maintained in an average for 3-4 weeks. Gas discharge eyeglass lens processing provides a long-term effect of eyeglass lens unsteaming, mechanical stability and safety of the surface, reliable exploitation of the glasses.
Conclusion. We have proposed a fundamentally different way of physical-chemical modification of the lens surface, which is not inferior to existing methods but produces significantly better results.
Multifactoriality of HIV morbidity dynamics among females in the Republic of Tatarstan
Authors: Agliullina S T , Khasanova G R , Mukharyamova L M , Nagimova F I 
Published: June 2017

Aim. To analyze the morbidity structure of infection caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-infection) in women in the Republic of Tatarstan during the period from 1996 to 2016.
Methods. We conducted a retrospective epidemiological analysis of HIV-infection morbidity in women in the Republic of Tatarstan during the period from 1996 to 2016 with the evaluation of morbidity structure by age, transmission routes, social and family status. Statistical and graphic-analytical methods were used. Extensive morbidity rates of HIV-infection in women (18 years and older) were calculated.
Results. In the Republic of Tatarstan during the period from 1996 to 2016 HIV-infection was diagnosed in 6815 women with increasing incidence from 0.1 to 30.2 cases per 100 000 women. The increase of the proportion of women older than 30 years in the morbidity structure was observed during this period. Comparative analysis of the parameters from 2001 and 2016 revealed a statistically significant increase of the proportion of married women from 37.5±2.5 to 46.2±2.2% (p
Acoustic microscopy in orthodontology
Authors: Gasymova Z V 
Published: June 2017

Aim. Assessment of the possibility to use the method of ultrasound acoustic microscopy to control the state of microstructure of hard tooth tissues under the brackets.
Methods. The study was conducted with the use of scanning acoustic microscope ELSAM (Leitz, Germany) in Emanuel Institute of biochemical physics, Moscow. The studied material for acoustic microscopy corresponds to 34 teeth (premolars) with brackets fixed to them, which were removed due to orthodontic indications at different time points after brackets placement.
Results. In most cases on acoustic images of the removed teeth there were no revealed changes of physical and mechanical enamel properties, fissures or excess porosity both directly under the brackets and in the areas adjacent to the sealer margin. But in some cases along with good enamel state after long-term brackets placement minor changes in the structure of hard tooth tissues were revealed. In particular, the method of acoustic microscopy allowed to detect in the tooth enamel such minor defects as fissures and areas of reduced mineralization and increased porosity.
Conclusion. Acoustic microscopy as a novel method to obtain clear structural images of hard tooth tissue state allows detecting minimal changes of the structure of hard tissues and performing medical interventions based on them.
Epidemiology and Prognosis of Heart Failure
Authors: Spoletini Ilaria , Lainscak Mitja 
Published: June 2017

<span> In this article the state of the art of prevalence, incidence and prognosis of heart failure is discussed. Prevalence and incidence are two measures of disease occurrence. Briefly, prevalence is the proportion of the population affected by the disease at a certain point in time. Incidence indicates the number of new cases within a given time period in a population at risk for the disease (for example, elderly people). A related, prognostic measure is mortality, i.e. the incidence of death from the disease occurring in a period of time. In the case of chronic, steady- state disease such as heart failure, disease duration is directly affected by mortality, and prevalence may correspond to the incidence of disease multiplied by the average duration of disease . Prevalence rates of heart failure may, therefore, vary across studies depending on the variability in incidence as well as in survival between population samples. Also, given that heart failure is a complex syndrome with different phenotypes (see article 1), each with specific clinical characteristics and associated risk factors, prevalence and incidence rates may vary according to the definition of the heart failure subtype. Finally, rates may vary on the basis of the method of collecting data and the criterion for defining left ventricular systolic dysfunction that is applied in the study.</span>
Medical Treatment of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction – Prognostic Indication
Authors: Rosano Giuseppe 
Published: June 2017

An up-to-date review on guideline directed medical therapies that aim to improve prognosis in HFrEF patients. Research on medical interventions that may improve prognosis in patients with chronic heart failure has had great success in the past decades. Therefore, there are well- established classes of drugs – ACEi, beta- blockers, MRAs – that should be used as first line treatment in all patients with heart failure. In the past few years newer therapeutic approaches have been shown to improve prognosis in patients with heart failure but, since the evidence generated by these newer classes of drugs is less than that of the first three classes of drugs these therapies should be implemented only after an initial treatment with the first line drugs has been implemented. This article reviews the advances that have achieved in the treatment of heart failure in terms of a prognostic benefit.
Angina in Patients with Non-obstructive Coronary Angiograms: Six-years Follow-up
Authors: Vancheri Sergio , Milino Viviana , Henein Michael , Tamburino Corrado 
Published: June 2017

<p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Background and Aim: </strong>About one third of patients undergoing coronary angiography for angina have non-obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD). Until recent years the prognosis has been thought to be favourable and no treatment were recommended. More recently, an increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events has been documented in these patients compared with a general population. We aimed to evaluate the long term persistence of angina and the occurrence of major CV events in patients with stable angina and non-obstructive CAD.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated all patients with effort angina referred to the cardiac catheterization laboratory of the Cardiovascular Unit, University of Catania, Sicily, between 1<sup>st</sup> July 2008 and 31<sup>st</sup> December 2009, because of a clinical suspicion of myocardial ischemia, without obstructive CAD, defined as &lt;50% stenosis of left main stem or &lt;70% in any epicardial coronary artery.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Results: </strong>Among 2574 patients (2025 men and 549 women) referred for diagnostic coronary angiography, 151 (5.8%) had non-obstructive coronary angiograms. Six-years follow-up was available in 127 patients (63 men and 64 women). Persistence of angina was reported in 20.4%. Four patients (3.1%) had acute myocardial infarction and two (1.6%) had stroke.</span></p><p><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><strong>Conclusion: </strong>During a six-years follow-up, persistence of angina and occurrence of acute major CV events were found in a significant proportion of patients with stable angina and non-obstructive coronary angiograms.</span></p>
DIMENSI SUFISTIK KITAB ASRÂR ASH-SHALAH MIN ‘IDDAH KUTUB MU’TAMIDAH
Authors: Hakimi Mumtaz , Syadzali Ahmad 
Published: June 2017

The study examines the dimensions of Sufism in the book of Asrâr ash-Shalah Min 'Iddah Kutub Mu'tamidah written by Abdurrahman Siddiq Al-Banjari. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach that is an approach to generate descriptive data in the form of written words because this study seeks to describe elements of Sufism contained in the book of Asrâr ash-Shalah Min 'Iddah Kutub Mu'tamidah written by Abdurrahman Siddiq al -Barari. The results of this study indicate that the elements of Sufism contained in that book is ethical and philosophical Sufism.
ILMU KOLONIAL DI MALAYSIA: PERSPEKTIF MAQASID SYARIAH
Authors: Abdul Jalal Ahmad Farid , Abd. Rahim Rahimin Affandi , Ismail Ab. Halim , Ismail Huzaimah , Rosele Muhammad Ikhlas 
Published: June 2017

As a country that once colonized by the British, Malaya indeed vulnerable to the influence of British ideology. This occurs through a mechanism of colonial knowledge developed by British to learn and dominate the Malay community. As a result of colonial influence can be traced in all aspects of Malay community life. The findings of this research show that the colonial has their own policies and approach when it comes to the issue of Islam in the Malay community. They try to kill the potential of Islam and replace it with the world-view and British paradigm then embed it into the community. The results of the Maqasid analysis on the legacy of colonial knowledge still prove too much effort to consolidate Islam should be done by Islamic scholars. Islamic scholars have to reject and correct negative outlook placed on Islam.
Aislamiento e identificación bioquímica de microorganismos bacterianos a partir de infecciones de piel en caninos
Authors: Castellanos L. Iovana , Rodríguez M. Germán , Santos A. Rosario 
Published: June 2017

Las dermatitis bacterianas o piodermas en caninos son ocasionadas por microorganismos patógenos, de los cuales el Staphylococcus intermedius es el más frecuente. Los tratamientos empíricos de este grupo de enfermedades permiten la proliferación de cepas resistentes de importancia en salud pública como es el caso del S. aureus. De igual forma, el riesgo de zoonosis reversa a partir de mascotas portadoras de cepas resistentes crea un serio problema de salud pública que requiere vigilancia epidemiológica. El objetivo de la investigación fue aislar e identificar bioquímicamente los microorganismos presentes en infecciones de piel en caninos; para esto se obtuvieron las muestras de caninos con problemas dermatológicos, y se identificaron los microorganismos bacterianos involucrados utilizando el kit de identificación rápida BBL Crystal para grampositivos. Los resultados obtenidos demostraron que el 80% de los aislamientos correspondieron a S. intermedius. Sin embargo, es necesario realizar estudios moleculares para relacionar la severidad de las lesiones dermatológicas con la identificación de los estafilococos presentes en el pioderma, y así establecer medidas de control, tratamiento y profilaxis.
Factores asociados a mastitis en vacas de la microcuenca lechera del altiplano norte de Antioquia, Colombia
Authors: Ramírez Vásquez Nicolás , Arroyave Henao Ofelia , Cerón-Muñoz Mario , Jaramillo Manuel , Cerón Juan , Palacio Luis Guillermo 
Published: June 2017

Se efectuó un estudio de corte sobre la prevalencia de mastitis bovina en una muestra representativa de las granjas lecheras del altiplano norte de Antioquia, Colombia. Se evaluaron los resultados del California Mastitis Test (CMT), Recuento de Células Somáticas (RCS) y cultivo bacteriológico de leche, y se analizaron los factores de riesgo asociados a mastitis bovina. El análisis estadístico de la información se efectuó por medio de estadística descriptiva, análisis de razón de prevalencias y regresión logística multinivel. Con la prueba de CMT se detectó un 20% de cuartos afectados con mastitis, la prevalencia de mastitis subclínica por vaca fue del 39,5% y la de mastitis clínica fue del 1,7%. Se efectuaron 648 cultivos de muestras de leche, de las cuales 23,9% fueron negativas, 34% positivas a Streptococcus agalactiae y 10,2% a Estafilococo coagulasa negativo. El análisis de regresión reveló que las vacas que tuvieron más de seis meses de lactancia presentaron una Odds Ratio (OR) de 2,65 en comparación con las de un mes de lactancia (p < 0,05). Se halló un OR de 1,24 para la asociación de la edad y la mastitis (p < 0,05). Para el lavado de manos se encontró un OR de 0,36 en comparación con no hacerlo (p < 0,05). En conclusión, se halló una alta frecuencia de mastitis por vaca. El microorganismo más hallado fue el Streptococcus agalactiae. El trauma podría ser una causa importante de mastitis dado que no se observó crecimiento bacteriano en 23,9% de los cultivos de muestras de leche de cuartos con mastitis.
A MOUSE MODEL OF MAMMARY HYPERPLASIA INDUCED BY ORAL HORMONE ADMINISTRATION
Authors: Sun Li , Guo Dong-Hui , Liu Fei , Qian Liu , Jiang Ning , Sun Yun-Feng , Cai Li-Ping , Zheng Hong-Xin 
Published: June 2017

Background: Mammary hyperplasia is one of the most common benign breast disorders. Although traditional Chinese medicine has a vast experience in the treatment of mammary hyperplasia, it is not accepted widely due to its unclear mechanism.
Methods and Materials: To address the mechanism, we developed a mouse model of mammary hyperplasia. We gave mice estradiol valerate tablets and progesterone capsules sequentially for one month by intragastric administration.
Results: Mice treated by this method had a series of pathological changes which are similar to those detected in women with mammary hyperplasia, including ectopic level of estradiol and progesterone in serum, hyperplasia of mammary glands and increased expression of ERα and PR.
Conclusion: This model will facilitate the mechanical study of traditional medicine on mammary hyperplasia.
EFFECT OF ASTRAGALOSIDE ON VITAMIN D-RECEPTOR EXPRESSION AFTER ENDOTHELIN-1-INDUCED CARDIOMYOCYTE INJURY
Authors: Yunzhi Chen , Jiaxu Chen , Jie Gao , Yihui Chai , Wen Li , Zhong Qin 
Published: June 2017

Background: Astragaloside, which is one of the main components of Astragalus membranaceus, has been widely used in the treatment of congestive heart failure in China, and it can protect cardiomyocytes. Its mechanism of action remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was carried out to investigate the influence of astragaloside on rat cardiomyocytes stimulated with endothelin-1 (ET-1), and explored the underlying mechanism.
Materials and Methods: ET-1 was used to stimulate primary rat cardiomyocytes and establish a cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model. Different astragaloside doses were administered in combination with ET-1. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and apoptosis were examined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and flow cytometry, respectively. The molecular mechanism was explored by analyzing the mRNA of the vitamin D receptor (VDR), cytochrome P450 family 27 subfamily B member 1(CYP27B), cytochrome P450 family 24 subfamily A member 1(CYP24A) and renin mRNA levels by quantificational real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR).
Results: Rat cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model was established successfully. Astragaloside administration significantly affected cell apoptosis and significantly inhibited ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in a dose-dependent manner. Astragaloside treatment affected the expression of signaling molecules in the vitamin D axis.
Conclusion: Astragaloside inhibits ET-1-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. This effect can be reversed by regulating the levels of the relevant factors in the vitamin D axis.
ANTITUMOR EFFECTS OF CHRYSANTHEMIN IN PC-3 HUMAN PROSTATE CANCER CELLS ARE MEDIATED VIA APOPTOSIS INDUCTION, CASPASE SIGNALLING PATHWAY AND LOSS OF MITOCHONDRIAL MEMBRANE POTENTIAL.
Authors: Sun De-Kang , Wang Lin , Zhang Peng 
Published: June 2017

Background: The main objective of the current research work was to investigate the antitumor and apoptotic effects of
chrysanthemin in PC-3 human prostate cancer cells.
Materials and Methods: MTT assay was used to evaluate the effects of chrysanthemin on cell viability whereas flow
cytometry along with fluorescence microscopy were used to study apoptotic induction in these cells. Effects on caspase
activation were detected through western blot assay.
Results:Results showed that chrysanthemin inhibited cancer cell growth in PC-3 cancer cells in a time-dependent as well as
concentration-dependent manner. Chrysanthemin-treated cells at 10, 50 and 150 μM doses led to 34.2%, 56.7% and 69.1%
apoptosis in these cells respectively.The percentage of cells with depolarized mitochondria increased from 5.3% in
untreated control cells to 27.2%, 57.6% and 86.9% in cells treated with 10, 50 and 150 μM dose of chrysanthemin
respectively. Chrysanthemin also enhanced the activity of all three caspases viz., caspase-3, 8 and 9 in a dose-dependent
fashion.
Conclusions: The study concluded that chrysanthemin ledanticancer effects in PC-3 prostate cancer cells by inducing
apoptosis, activating caspasesignaling pathway and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential.
Research progress of CpG-DNA in regulation of immune system and signal pathway
Authors: Wang Yunpeng , Yang Xiaoming 
Published: June 2017

<p> CpG-DNA is a DNA sequence with immunostimulatory function as the core of unmethylated CpG motif.It includes synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) containing CpG motifs and genomic DNA of lower organisms such as bacteria, viruses, and invertebrates.CpG-DNA as a potential immunostimulatory factor can be recognized by the vertebrate natural immune system, rapid activation of natural immune response. When exposed to microbes, the release of CpG-DNA provides a "dangerous signal" to the body's immune system, triggering a protective immune response to remove foreign pathogens. CpG-DNA activated cell signaling mechanisms include endocytosis of CpG-DNA, specificity with Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) and a series of signal cascades that induce the expression of target genes and Feedback by various endogenous factors. This paper reviews the basic concepts of CpG-DNA, the characteristics of TLR9 receptors, the regulation of the immune system and its signaling pathways.</p>
Sustainability: A Business Imperative, Not a Moral Sacrifice
Authors: Fattahi Behrooz 
Published: June 2017

Management
In recent years, sustainability has emerged as perhaps the most critical imperative of this century. As our lives are being altered by advancing technology in ways that we never imagined just a few short years ago, our awareness and understanding of the complexities in utilization of the nature and the impact of the footprint that we leave behind must lead us to a fundamental shift in the way we manage our individual and professional lives.
The petroleum industry in concert with the rest of the world is finding that sustainability presents both risks and opportunities for its business, thus the need for incorporating sustainability as a business imperative and not a moral sacrifice.
Within the next 30 minutes as you are reading this article, our planet will be travelling roughly 40,000 miles in space around the sun, more than 8,000 babies will be born on this planet, and our oil and natural gas industry will supply nearly 2 million bbl of oil in response to the increasing demand for energy. The important question is how we can keep up with the many new and unique challenges posed by this fast-paced change.
The oil and gas industry faces a very challenging future. Energy demand continues to grow, while our mature fields are declining. Out of the 1.2 trillion bbl of proved oil reserves, roughly two-thirds are extremely challenging to develop and produce due to a variety of complicating problems such as depth and tight and thin formations; development and application of leading-edge technologies; and a multitude of environmental considerations and regulatory issues. Our task is to extend the life of the industry by improving the success of finding new discoveries in frontier and remote basins, increasing the ultimate recovery from existing fields, as well as the need to find ways to tap into unconventional resources. At the same time, we must intensify our focus on sustainability, which calls for meeting humanity’s needs without harming future generations. How are we to accomplish this goal of meeting energy demand in a sustainable way? Technology has always been the enabler for our industry to meet demand for the last 150 years. But now more than ever, the need for quick development and rapid deployment of technologies in the field is paramount.