bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Application on Aromatic Rice Under Shading and Drought Stress Conditions: Effects on Crop Yield, Grain Quality, and 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Biosynthesis
Authors: Chakraborty Rajesh , Roy Tuhin Suvra , Sakagami Jun-Ichi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Enhancing aroma retention is pivotal for the production and exportation of aromatic rice in Bangladesh. In this study, a 2-year pot experiment was conducted to assess the effects of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) application on aromatic rice under shading and drought stress conditions. The rice variety, BRRI (Bangladesh Rice Research Institute) dhan80 was used as the planting material to investigate with the following eight treatments: (T1) no GABA, shading, or drought stress treatment; (T2) GABA application at 250 mg/L during panicle initiation; (T3) shading at the grain filling stage; (T4) drought stress at the grain filling stage; (T5) shading and drought stress at the grain filling stage; (T6) GABA application at 250 mg/L at panicle initiation and shading at the grain filling stage; (T7) GABA application at 250 mg/L at panicle initiation and drought stress at the grain filling stage; and (T8) GABA application at 250 mg/L at panicle initiation as well as shading and drought stress at the grain filling stage. A randomized complete block design was followed, with treatments replicated five times. Results revealed GABA application along with shading and drought stress significantly influenced most studied traits. Notably, 250 mg/L GABA application at panicle initiation, alongside shading and drought stress at the grain filling stage, resulted in favorable outcomes for the brown rice yield, head rice recovery, amylose and protein content, grain 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline content, grain aroma, and taste of BRRI dhan80 rice compared with the control group (T1). However, the control treatment exhibited the highest grain yield compared with the other treatments. Overall, GABA application combined with shading and drought stress markedly improved grain quality and aroma of BRRI dhan80 but affected grain yield in an inverse manner.
The Political Economy of Technocratic Governments
Authors: Merzoni Guido , Trombetta Federico 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a game theoretical model of technocratic government, i.e. cases where a non political technocrat is put in charge by political parties. We find conditions for the existence of a technocratic government equilibrium, where parties agree to delegate the agenda setting power to technocrats, committed to maximize social welfare. Such an equilibrium exists only if technocrats are more competent than ordinary politicians. Furthermore, we show that unstable parliaments increase the range of parameters where a technocratic government equilibrium exists. Polarization can also increase the likelihood of a technocratic government.
Changes in tissues and organs through PMCTA carrier substances
Authors: Bruch G. M. , Feldmann N. H. C. , Fischer F. T. , Fracasso T. , Grabherr S. , Genet P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To date, lipophilic contrast agents mixed with oil, usually paraffin oil, are the most commonly used contrast agents in post-mortem computed tomography angiography (PMCTA). Iodine-based hydrophilic contrast media in combination with a water-soluble carrier, e.g. polyethylene glycol (PEG), are also common. However, their influence on different tissues and organs is poorly understood. In order to analyse the changes in the cadavers caused by the different carrier substances, we evaluated the effects of PEG 200 and oil on the different tissues and organs. Therefore, during a forensic autopsy, liquid femoral vein blood and samples of different organs and vessels were taken and preserved at room temperature in the two liquids mentioned. The condition of the samples was documented during the autopsy and 24, 48 and 72 h after preservation. Microscopic examination took place after 72 h. After 24 h, the samples placed in PEG 200 already showed a clear solidification of almost all structures. Crumbly blood agglomerates had formed in the previously liquid blood. In contrast, the samples stored in oil showed signs of classic cadaveric decomposition after 24 h, which increased with time. The microscopic and immunohistochemical evaluation of the samples stored in PEG showed a good diagnostic quality. The analysis of tissues stored in oil was much more difficult due to putrefaction. PEG and oil show significantly different effects on human tissues, mainly conservation and dehydration are affected. It is crucial to be aware of these differences in order to choose the most appropriate PMCTA method for each forensic case.
Implanted cortical neuroprosthetics for speech and movement restoration
Authors: Muirhead William R. , Layard Horsfall Hugo , Aicardi Christine , Carolan Jacques , Akram Harith , Vanhoestenberghe Anne , Schaefer Andreas T. , Marcus Hani J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractImplanted cortical neuroprosthetics (ICNs) are medical devices developed to replace dysfunctional neural pathways by creating information exchange between the brain and a digital system which can facilitate interaction with the external world. Over the last decade, researchers have explored the application of ICNs for diverse conditions including blindness, aphasia, and paralysis. Both transcranial and endovascular approaches have been used to record neural activity in humans, and in a laboratory setting, high-performance decoding of the signals associated with speech intention has been demonstrated. Particular progress towards a device which can move into clinical practice has been made with ICNs focussed on the restoration of speech and movement. This article provides an overview of contemporary ICNs for speech and movement restoration, their mechanisms of action and the unique ethical challenges raised by the field.
Kidney and vascular involvement in Alagille syndrome
Authors: Ranchin Bruno , Meaux Marie-Noelle , Freppel Malo , Ruiz Mathias , De Mul Aurelie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Alagille syndrome (ALGS) is an autosomal dominant, multisystemic disease with a high interindividual variability. The two causative genes JAG1 and NOTCH2 are expressed during kidney development, can be reactivated during adulthood kidney disease, and Notch signalling is essential for vascular morphogenesis and remodelling in mice. Liver disease is the most frequent and severe involvement; neonatal cholestasis occurs in 85% of cases, pruritus in 74%, xanthomas in 24% of cases, and the cumulative incidences of portal hypertension and liver transplantation are 66% and 50% respectively at 18 years of age. Stenosis/hypoplasia of the branch pulmonary arteries is the most frequent vascular abnormality reported in ALGS. Kidney involvement is present in 38% of patients, and can reveal the disease. Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract is reported in 22% of patients, hyperchloremic acidosis in 9%, and glomerulopathy and/or proteinuria in 6%. A decreased glomerular filtration rate is reported in 10% of patients and is more frequent after liver transplantation for ALGS than for biliary atresia. Kidney failure has been frequently reported in childhood and adulthood. Renal artery stenosis and mid aortic syndrome have also frequently been reported, often associated with hypertension and stenosis and/or aneurysm of other large arteries. ALGS patients require kidney assessment at diagnosis, long-term monitoring of kidney function and early detection of vascular complications, notably if they have undergone liver transplantation, to prevent progression of chronic kidney disease and vascular complications, which account for 15% of deaths at a median age of 2.2 years in the most recent series.

Graphical abstract
Sobolev regularity of bivariate isogeometric finite element spaces in case of a geometry map with degenerate corner
Authors: Reif Ulrich 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe investigate Sobolev regularity of bivariate functions obtained in Isogeometric Analysis when using geometry maps that are degenerate in the sense that the first partial derivatives vanish at isolated points. In particular, we show how the known $$C^1$$

C
1

-conditions for D-patches have to be tightened to guarantee square integrability of second partial derivatives, as required when computing finite element approximations of elliptic fourth order PDEs like the biharmonic equation.
Bio-inspired disease prediction: harnessing the power of electric eel foraging optimization algorithm with machine learning for heart disease prediction
Authors: Narasimhan Geetha , Victor Akila 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHeart disease is the most significant health problem around the world. Thus, it emphasizes the need for accurate and efficient predictive models for early diagnosis. This study proposes an innovative approach integrating the Electric Eel Foraging Optimization Algorithm (EEFOA) with the Random Forest (RF) algorithm for classifying heart disease prediction. EEFOA draws inspiration from the foraging behaviour of electric eels, a bio-inspired optimization framework capable of effectively exploring complex solutions. The objective is to improve the predictive performance of heart disease diagnosis by integrating optimization and Machine learning methodologies. The experiment uses a heart disease dataset comprising clinical and demographic features of at-risk individuals. Subsequently, EEFOA was applied to optimize the features of the dataset and classification using the RF algorithm, thereby enhancing its predictive performance. The results demonstrate that the Electric Eel Foraging Optimization Algorithm Random Forest (EEFOARF) model outperforms traditional RF and other state-of-the-art classifiers in terms of predictive accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision, and Log_Loss, achieving remarkable scores of 96.59%, 95.15%, 98.04%, 98%, and 0.1179, respectively. The proposed methodology has the potential to make a significant contribution, thereby reducing morbidity and mortality rates.
Computing Competitive Equilibrium in Simplex Economies
Authors: Pulgarín Antonio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn our previous paper we proved that every affine economy has a competitive equilibrium. We define a simplex economy as an affine economy consisting of a stochastic allocation (defining the initial endowments) and a variation with repetition of the number of commodities taking the number of consumers (representing the preferences). We show that a competitive equilibrium can be intrinsically computed in any minimal simplex economy.
Algebraic hierarchical locally recoverable codes with nested affine subspace recovery
Authors: Haymaker Kathryn , Malmskog Beth , Matthews Gretchen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Codes with locality, also known as locally recoverable codes, allow for recovery of erasures using proper subsets of other coordinates. These subsets are typically of small cardinality to promote recovery using limited network traffic and other resources. Hierarchical locally recoverable codes allow for recovery of erasures using sets of other symbols whose sizes increase as needed to allow for recovery of more symbols. In this paper, we describe a hierarchical recovery structure arising from geometry in Reed–Muller codes and codes with availability from fiber products of curves. We demonstrate how the fiber product hierarchical codes can be viewed as punctured subcodes of Reed–Muller codes, uniting the two constructions. This point of view provides natural structures for local recovery with availability at each level in the hierarchy.
Gradient dynamics approach to reactive thin-film hydrodynamics
Authors: Voss Florian , Thiele Uwe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWetting and dewetting dynamics of simple and complex liquids is described by kinetic equations in gradient dynamics form that incorporates the various coupled dissipative processes in a fully thermodynamically consistent manner. After briefly reviewing this, we also review how chemical reactions can be captured by a related gradient dynamics description, assuming detailed balanced mass action type kinetics. Then, we bring both aspects together and discuss mesoscopic reactive thin-film hydrodynamics illustrated by two examples, namely, models for reactive wetting and reactive surfactants. These models can describe the approach to equilibrium but may also be employed to study out-of-equilibrium chemo-mechanical dynamics. In the latter case, one breaks the gradient dynamics form by chemostatting to obtain active systems. In this way, for reactive wetting we recover running drops that are driven by chemically sustained wettability gradients and for drops covered by autocatalytic reactive surfactants we find complex forms of self-propulsion and self-excited oscillations.
A needs-based approach to sustainable energy use: case studies of four remote villages in Indonesia
Authors: Pandyaswargo Andante Hadi , Wibowo Alan Dwi , Sunarti Sastri , Risnawati  , Onoda Hiroshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDecentralized energy infrastructure is the way to close the ‘last mile’ of universal electrification for remote communities. However, solutions such as fossil fuel-based power generators may not be sustainable for this purpose because remote communities have poor transport access, capacity, and economic power. Therefore, this study aims to; (1) Assess the needs and energy-related needs of four villages on Indonesian islands based on the needs and capacity of the people; and (2) Offer appropriate technical solutions based on the identified needs. The four villages have varying environmental settings: agricultural, river, small island, and remote island settings. We analyzed the socioeconomic attributes such as age, education, gender, occupation, years living in the village, household size, income, expenditure, and ownership of energy related items and their correlations with social value satisfaction levels such as intrinsic, social significance, functional, emotional, and indigenous values by means of multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and nonparametric tests. The common needs of the analyzed communities were (1) low-cost transportation, (2) clean energy for lighting and cooking, and (3) better communication and information access. With the limited financial resources for remote area development in developing countries, energy infrastructure development must be appropriate to the needs of communities and sustainable in terms of the capacity of communities.
Higher education and public good in England
Authors: Marginson Simon , Yang Lili 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the Anglophone jurisdictions, higher education policy is over-determined by economic policy and subjected to neoliberal regulation based on quasi-market competition between corporatised institutions, regulated by performative comparisons, tuition fees, and outputs imagined as commodities. England installed marketisation in successive policy changes between the Thatcher government’s introduction of commercial fees for international students in 1979 and the full-fee market for domestic students, supported by subsidised income-contingent loans, in 2012. Policy commitment to public good outcomes (the collective and non-pecuniary individual benefits of higher education) was largely emptied out, leaving only attenuated proxies such as widening participation and research impact. Responsibility for public good outcomes was transferred from government to institutions. Following a discussion of Anglophone concepts of ‘public’ and an overview of key policy reports from 1963–2019, the paper reports on qualitative research into approaches to higher education and public good in England. There were 24 semi-structured interviews, with middle and senior manager-leaders in two universities and policy professionals. Nearly all advocated a broad public good role, in contrast to policy in England, and provided examples of public outcomes in higher education. However, these concepts lacked clarity, while at the same time the shaping effects of the market were sharply understood.
Moving Toward Institutional Culture Change in Higher Education: An Exploration into Cross-functional Professional Learning Communities
Authors: Kezar Adrianna , Hallett Ronald E. , Corwin Zoë B. , Hypolite Liane 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article explores the implementation of cross-functional professional learning communities (PLCs) involving faculty, staff and administrators at three different institutional types – research, urban regional, and rural regional universities – with the goal of learning about and then implementing a culture change approach to support academic and psychosocial success for historically marginalized student groups. The action research-based study explores the research question: Do cross-functional PLCs help support institution-wide culture change? And if so, how? Our findings identified that PLCs can act as a vehicle for the beginning steps of institutional culture change if they adopt four organizational strategies for spreading learning. Given the complexity and size of campuses, PLCs can act as a strategizing team for developing a broader culture change approach that ultimately impacts the overall institution. Armed with the skillsets related to culture change that they learn in the PLC, they can become change agents that plan and spread culture change. They do this by moving from a PLC that learned together for a year to a coordinating group that utilizes their newly gained skills to execute and create a set of culture change strategies. The PLCs make the transition to a coordinating group by expanding and adding new members and/or connecting to units throughout campus, creating an extended network. They also implement four key strategies – data/assessment, communications, professional learning and auditing/mapping.
A window into Their World: How Video Visits Facilitate Father–Child Relationships
Authors: Duursma Elisabeth , Wright Amy Conley , Hanley Natalia , Simpson Helen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaintaining the parent–child relationship while a parent is incarcerated is critical to the well-being of both parent and child. There is some evidence that video visits can be beneficial when they are used to supplement rather than replace in-person visits. This study explores how video visits support the father–child relationship during parental incarceration. Research was conducted with two public prisons in New South Wales, Australia, during the period of COVID-19 restrictions. Interviews with children’s carers (n = 17) and fathers (n = 27) were analysed to identify the ways fathers engaged with their children and the benefits of the relationship. Three themes were identified: show and tell, which explored how the visual element of video visits contributed to parent–child interactions; part of their world, which identified how video visits became integrated into children’s everyday lives; and along for the ride, which focused on child-initiated interactions. Challenges of using video visits were also explored in two themes: difficulty engaging, which showed how fathers and children can struggle to communicate and interact, and timing and transitions, which highlighted how video visits could be difficult or disruptive to children’s mood and routines. Overall, video visits were perceived as enabling interactions that strengthened the engagement and relationship between the father and child.
High Energy Density Radiative Transfer in the Diffusion Regime with Fourier Neural Operators
Authors: Farmer Joseph , Smith Ethan , Bennett William , McClarren Ryan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRadiative heat transfer is a fundamental process in high energy density physics and inertial fusion. Accurately predicting the behavior of Marshak waves across a wide range of material properties and drive conditions is crucial for design and analysis of these systems. Conventional numerical solvers and analytical approximations often face challenges in terms of accuracy and computational efficiency. In this work, we propose a novel approach to model Marshak waves using Fourier Neural Operators (FNO). We develop two FNO-based models: (1) a base model that learns the mapping between the drive condition and material properties to a solution approximation based on the widely used analytic model by Hammer & Rosen (2003), and (2) a model that corrects the inaccuracies of the analytic approximation by learning the mapping to a more accurate numerical solution. Our results demonstrate the strong generalization capabilities of the FNOs and show significant improvements in prediction accuracy compared to the base analytic model.
Calibration-Based ALE Model Order Reduction for Hyperbolic Problems with Self-Similar Travelling Discontinuities
Authors: Nonino Monica , Torlo Davide 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe propose a novel Model Order Reduction framework that is able to handle solutions of hyperbolic problems characterized by multiple travelling discontinuities. By means of an optimization based approach, we introduce suitable calibration maps that allow us to transform the original solution manifold into a lower dimensional one. The novelty of the methodology is represented by the fact that the optimization process does not require the knowledge of the discontinuities location. The optimization can be carried out simply by choosing some reference control points, thus avoiding the use of some implicit shock tracking techniques, which would translate into an increased computational effort during the offline phase. In the online phase, we rely on a non-intrusive approach, where the coefficients of the projection of the reduced order solution onto the reduced space are recovered by means of an Artificial Neural Network. To validate the methodology, we present numerical results for the 1D Sod shock tube problem, for the 2D double Mach reflection problem, also in the parametric case, and for the triple point problem.
Are the Quality of Organizational Changes Associated with Expected Retirement-Age Among Senior Employees?
Authors: Albertsen Karen , Meng Annette , Sundstrup Emil , Nielsen Peter , Pedersen Flemming , Andersen Lars Louis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
Major organizational changes may be associated with both positive and negative uncertainty in working life. This study described the prevalence of organizational changes (reorganizations or round of layoffs) within different job functions in Denmark and investigated whether quality of the implementation process (measured as “information”, “involvement” and “consent”) was associated with employees’ expectations regarding retirement age.

Methods
A representative sample of older Danish employees ≥ 50 years (n = 12,269) replied to a questionnaire survey in 2020. In cross-sectional analyses, we compared employee’s expected retirement age being either not exposed to organizational changes or exposed to implementation processes of high, moderate or low-quality, respectively. Analyses were further stratified for job function: office work, work with people and work in the field of production.

Results
More than half (56%) of the employees had experienced organizational changes within the past 2 years, and 23% of those effected reported that the changes had led to considerations of earlier retirement. Organizational changes were most prevalent within office work, and least prevalent within the job function working with people. The analyses showed significantly lower expected retirement age when the implementation process had been of moderate (mean reduction of 0.45 years) or low quality (mean reduction of 0.71 years) compared to high quality implemented changes.

Conclusions
Experiences of organizational change processes of moderate or poor quality were associated with expectations of earlier retirement, while well implemented changes were not. This study underscores the importance of good implementation when changes at the organizational level are needed.