bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Heat-treated T92 Martensitic Heat Resistant Steel
Authors: Rajesh Kannan P. , Muthupandi V. , Arivazhagan B. , Devakumaran K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractT92 samples were solutionized at 1,050 °C, 1,100 °C and 1,150 °C for 20 min and then tempered at 730 °C, 745 °C and 760 °C for 60 min. Optical microscopy studies were carried out to understand the microstructural evolution due to heat treatment. These heat-treated samples comprised of lath martensite microstructure in all the cases. Prior austenite grain size of the heat-treated samples increased with solutionizing temperature. Tensile properties were evaluated using micro-tensile samples. Hardness values of the heat-treated samples were estimated using Vickers hardness tester. Interestingly, for all the given tempering condition, the hardness values showed an increasing trend with solutionizing temperature while their tensile strength values tend to decrease. Fractograph analysis depicted that increasing the solutionizing temperature led to grain boundary decohesion.
People Trafficking and Smuggling Crimes in Australia: A Critical Analysis of State Intent
Authors: Lilienthal Gary 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article’s objective is to expose the rhetorical source of the heavy irony in Australia’s immigration detention regime. The observer might wonder why an isolated and vast land could be so concerned at, and afraid of, small groups of “boat people.” Therefore, the paper poses the question as to what reasoning and public policy purposes might underlie the successful public rhetoric vilifying “boat people,” creating the construct of “people smuggling” and demanding military operations to “turn back the boats.” It tries to correlate with a likely state desire to resurrect the old laws of attainder, civil death and outlawry, in order to create a slave-class of displaced migrants, for solely state interests and purposes. In addressing the question structurally, discussion begins with a brief look at the Australian law. Argument then concentrates on the originating negotiations in the international high councils. After this, the article looks at instances of people smuggling rhetoric in Canada, also addressing briefly the United States law. Then there is a section on modern rhetorical analysis, which argument tries to use to explain what might underlie these government methods. The paper briefs the reader on the old laws of civil death, outlawry and attainder in Australia, with a view to a contextual assessment as to whether they are really what underlie the draconian outcomes of Australia’s human trafficking and people smuggling laws and policies. The research outcome will likely suggest that conveniences to the state such as efficiency in policing, removing likely political opposition from new arrivals, avoiding any dilution of the local culture and skirting unwanted international rights are most likely to be the real state intent.
Inner and outer worlds: speech and thought presentation in Mansfield’sBliss
Authors: Lukin Annabelle , Pagano Adriana 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDespite renewed attention to Katherine Mansfield’s writing in recent years, her work continues to be read largely for “its political and emotional sensibilities and so seldom... for the controlled effects of stylistic detail” (New 1999.Reading Mansfield and metaphors of form. McGill-Queen’s Press-MQUP: viii). In this article we consider her story “Bliss” in relation to how Mansfield choreographs the interplay between the inner and outer worlds of the central character and the consequences of her textual crafting of this interplay for a reading of the theme of Mansfield’s story. We draw largely on what is now considered “classical” stylistics, that is, stylistics informed by a social-semiotic linguistics (e. g. Butt 1983. Semantic Drift in Verbal Art.Australian Review of Applied Linguistics,61, 34–48; Halliday 2002.Linguistic Studies of Text and Discourse. Volume 2 in the Collected Works of M.A.K. Halliday. London and New York: Continuum; Hasan 1985.Linguistics, Language and Verbal Art. Geelong, VIC: Deakin University Press; Hasan 1996a. On Teaching Literature Across Cultural Differences. In J. James Ed.,The Language-Culture Connectionpp. 34–63. Singapore: SEAMEO; Leech and Short 2007.Style in Fiction.2nd Edition. London. Longman; Semino and Short 2004.Corpus Stylistics: Speech, Writing and Thought Presentation in a Corpus of English Writing. London: Routledge; Sotirova 2013.Consciousness in Modernist Fiction: A Stylistic Study. Palgrave Macmillan; Toolan 2001.Narrative: A critical linguistic introduction. Second Edition. Routledge; Toolan 2007. Language. In D. Herman Ed.,The Cambridge companion to narrativepp. 231–244. Cambridge University Press;). Given the extensive variety of contributions to “post-classical” or “cognitive narratology” e. g. (Herman 2007. Introduction. In D. Herman (ed.),The Cambridge companion to narrative. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press; McHale 2014. Speech Representation. In P. Hühn, J. C. Meister, J. Pier, & W. Schmid Eds.,living handbook of narratology. Hamburg: Hamburg University. Retrieved fromhttp://www.lhn.uni-hamburg.de/; Palmer 2004.Fictional minds. University of Nebraska Press) we briefly comment on why we have not taken this direction in our analysis.
“Shaking off so good a wife and so sweet a lady”: Shakespeare’s use of taste words
Authors: Bagli Marco 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe sense of taste has been considered an “inferior” sense for a long time, both in philosophical and scientific fields of investigation (Cavalieri 2011.Gusto: l‘intelligenza del palato. Bari: GLF editori Laterza). However, the recent growing interest in Cognitive Science has driven scholars to a reconsideration of the role of taste in human cognition. This paper intends to investigate such a role in a corpus of five Shakespearean plays. To do so, I conducted an analysis by looking at the occurrences of seven taste terms. The research aims at exploring the metaphorical occurrences of the lexicon of taste, i.e. concordances in which a taste word does not describe food or an actual taste sensation. I propose an idealised cognitive model to organise such occurrences that involves a central mapping from which others derive, in keeping with Kövecses (2010.Metaphor: A Practical Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press). Results are consistent in showing the role of taste in the motivation of metaphorical expression in Shakespeare’s plays.
Diagnostic accuracy of fetal scalp lactate for intrapartum acidosis compared with scalp pH
Authors: Pascual Mancho Jara , Marti Gamboa Sabina , Redrado Gimenez Olga , Crespo Esteras Raquel , Rodriguez Solanilla Belen , Castan Mateo Sergio 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObjective:To determine the diagnostic accuracy of fetal scalp lactate sampling (FSLS) and to establish an optimal cut-off value for intrapartum acidosis compared with fetal scalp pH.Methods:A 20-month retrospective cohort study was conducted of all neonates delivered in our institution for whom fetal scalp blood sampling (FSBS) was performed, matching their intrapartum gasometry to their cord gasometry at delivery (n=243). The time taken from the performance of scalp blood sampling to arterial umbilical cord gas acquisition was 45 min at most. Five arterial cord gasometry patterns were set for assessing the predictive ability of both techniques. Subsequent obstetric management for a pathological value was analysed considering the use of both techniques.Results:The optimal cut-off value for FSLS was 4.8 mmol/L: this value has 100% sensitivity and 63% specificity for umbilical arterial cord gas pH≤7.0 and base deficit (BD)≥12 detection, and 100% sensitivity and 64% specificity for umbilical arterial cord gas pH≤7.10 and BD≥12 detection, with a false negative rate of <1.3%, improving fetal scalp pH performance. FSLS showed the best area under the curve (AUC) of 0.86 and 0.84 for both arterial cord gasometry patterns, respectively. Expedite birth following lactate criteria would have been the same as following pH criteria (92 obstetric interventions) with no cases of missed metabolic acidosis. In the cohort, 19.8% of cases were discordant, but no cases of metabolic acidosis were in this group.Conclusions:FSLS improves the detection of metabolic acidosis via fetal scalp pH with an optimal cut-off value of 4.8 mmol/L. FSLS can be used without increasing obstetrical interventions or missing metabolic acidosis.
The value of ultrasound measurement of cervical length and parity in prediction of cesarean section risk in term premature rupture of membranes and unfavorable cervix
Authors: Aracic Nada , Stipic Ivica , Jakus Alujevic Ivana , Poljak Petar , Stipic Mario 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

Aim:
To evaluate the influence of cervical length (CL) and parity as prediction factors for assessment of cesarean section (CS) risk in women with premature rupture of membranes (PROM) at term and unfavorable cervix, undergoing induction of labor (IOL) with dinoprostone intracervical gel.

Methods:
A prospective study involved 50 nulliparous and 51 multiparous women admitted for IOL. Pre-induction CL was measured and delivery outcomes were recorded.

Results:
Nulliparous women were younger than the multiparous (26.6±5.2 vs. 30.5±4.9; P<0.001) and had longer pre-induction CL (35.6±5.5 vs. 31.5±4.8; P<0.001) and induction-delivery interval (582 vs. 420 min; P<0.001). There was no difference in the mode of delivery, CS indications, Apgar score, neonatal weight, the rate of neonatal intensive care unit admission and perinatal death in respect of parity. CL was significantly shorter in vaginal vs. cesarean deliveries regardless of parity (31.4 vs. 38.8 mm, P<0.001, respectively). Cut-off values of CL for predicting CS were 37.5 mm in nulliparae and 34.5 mm in multiparae.

Conclusions:
CLs of 37.5 mm in nulliparae and 34.5 mm in multiparae were determined as the cut-off values in predicting CS risk in women with PROM at term and unfavorable cervix.
Risk of recurrent preterm birth among women according to change in partner
Authors: Baer Rebecca J. , Yang Juan , Chambers Christina D. , Ryckman Kelli K. , Saftlas Audrey F. , Berghella Vincenzo , Schetter Chris Dunkel , Shaw Gary M. , Stevenson David K. , Jelliffe-Pawlowski Laura L. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
There is well-established literature indicating change in partner as a risk for preeclampsia, yet the research on the risk of preterm birth after a change in partners has been sparse and inconsistent. Using a population of California live born singletons, we aimed to determine the risk of preterm birth after a change in partner between the first and second pregnancies. The risk of preterm and early term delivery in the second pregnancy was calculated for mothers who did or did not change partners between births with the referent group as women who delivered both pregnancies at term and did not change partners. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Relative to women who delivered at 39 weeks or later in the second pregnancy and did not change partners, preterm birth risks were somewhat lower for women who changed partners between the first and second pregnancies compared to those women who did not change partners. For example, 10.6% of women who did not change partners and delivered their second pregnancy before 34 weeks also delivered their first pregnancy before 34 weeks, while 8.5% of women who changed partners delivered before 34 weeks. Findings suggest partner change may alter the risk of preterm birth.
White-lipped peccaries are recorded at Iguaçu National Park after 20 years
Authors: Brocardo Carlos R. , da Silva Marina Xavier , Delgado Luis Eduardo da S. , Galetti Mauro 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe white-lipped peccary (WLP) is the most endangered ungulate in the Neotropics. In the recent years, this species has undergone a large reduction in range size and experienced the loss of several populations. An emblematic case was the local extinction of this species from the Iguaçu National Park (INP) in the mid-1990s. After the report of this particular WLP disappearance, surveys conducted along the 2000s confirmed its absence in the park. However, in 2016, after 20 years of previous reports, we obtained five records of WLP herds, indicating a possible population recovery probably resulting from emigration. To effectively re-establish white-lipped peccary population and, consequently, restore its ecological role, urgent practical conservation measures are necessary.
Nonlinear plasmonics at high temperatures
Authors: Sivan Yonatan , Chu Shi-Wei 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
We solve the Maxwell and heat equations self-consistently for metal nanoparticles under intense continuous wave (CW) illumination. Unlike previous studies, we rely on experimentally-measured data for metal permittivity for increasing temperature and for the visible spectral range. We show that the thermal nonlinearity of the metal can lead to substantial deviations from the predictions of the linear model for the temperature and field distribution and, thus, can explain qualitatively the strong nonlinear scattering from such configurations observed experimentally. We also show that the incompleteness of existing data of the temperature dependence of the thermal properties of the system prevents reaching a quantitative agreement between the measured and calculated scattering data. This modeling approach is essential for the identification of the underlying physical mechanism responsible for the thermo-optical nonlinearity of the metal and should be adopted in all applications of high-temperature nonlinear plasmonics, especially for refractory metals, for both CW and pulsed illumination.
Chip-integrated all-optical diode based on nonlinear plasmonic nanocavities covered with multicomponent nanocomposite
Authors: Chai Zhen , Hu Xiaoyong , Yang Hong , Gong Qihuang 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Ultracompact chip-integrated all-optical diode is realized experimentally in a plasmonic microstructure, consisting of a plasmonic waveguide side-coupled two asymmetric plasmonic composite nanocavities covered with a multicomponent nanocomposite layer, formed directly in a plasmonic circuit. Extremely large optical nonlinearity enhancement is obtained for the multicomponent nanocomposite cover layer, originating from resonant excitation, slow-light effect, and field enhancement effect. Nonreciprocal transmission was achieved based on the difference in the shift magnitude of the transparency window centers of two asymmetric plasmonic nanocavities induced by the signal light, itself, for the forward and backward propagation cases. An ultralow threshold incident light power of 145 μW (corresponding to a threshold intensity of 570 kW/cm2) is realized, which is reduced by seven orders of magnitude compared with previous reports. An ultrasmall feature size of 2 μm and a transmission contrast ratio of 15 dB are obtained simultaneously.
Crystal structure of 3-(2-bromophenyl)-1,1-dimethylthiourea, C9H11BrN2S
Authors: El-Hiti Gamal A. , Smith Keith , Hegazy Amany S. , Hayal Alotaibi Mohammad , Kariuki Benson M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C9H11BrN2S, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 7.5187(3) Å, b = 8.0634(3) Å, c = 17.5320(6) Å, V = 1062.90(7) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0216, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0536, T = 296(2) K.
Crystal structure of 3-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-(4-bromophenyl)urea, C17H21BrN2O
Authors: Al-Omary Fatmah A. M. , Al-Rasheed Lamees S. , Ghabbour Hazem A. , El-Emam Ali A. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C17H21BrN2O, orthorhombic, Pna21 (no. 33), a = 9.2558(12) Å, b = 13.0186(17) Å, c = 13.4684(18) Å, V = 1622.9(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0471, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1059, T = 100 K.
Crystal structure of methyl 2b-ethyl-1a,2a,2b,2b1,3,5,10,11-octahydro-1H-oxireno[2′,3′:6,7]indolizino[8,1-cd]carbazole-4-carboxylate, C21H24N2O3
Authors: Qiu Rui-Xia , Li Guo-Qiang , Chen Hong-Ji , Wang Lin , Wang Chun-Hua 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C21H24N2O3, orthorhombic, P212121 (no. 19), a = 9.7186(12) Å, b = 13.4479(16) Å, c = 13.6679(17) Å, V = 1786.3(4) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0393, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0937, T = 173 K.
Crystal structure of 2-amino-5-oxo-4-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-phenyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-cyclopenta[b]pyran-3-carbonitrile, C18H18N2O5
Authors: Li Jingwei , Lin Jiali , Zhang Mingna , Wang Ke , He Jieli 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C18H18N2O5, monoclinic, P21/n, a = 8.605(5) Å, b = 8.496(4) Å, c = 23.771(5) Å, β = 95.853(19)°, V = 1728.7(12) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0461, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1309, T = 296 K.
Crystal structure of diaqua-dinitrato-κO-bis(4-(1H-pyrazol-3-yl)pyridine-κN)manganese(II), C16H18MnN8O8
Authors: Zhu Guang-Zhou , Li Chun-Ling , Feng Yu-Yu , Feng Xiao-Wan , Yang Feng-Lei 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
C16H18MnN8O8, monoclinic, P21/c (no. 14), a = 7.3533(3) Å, b = 11.8078(5) Å, c = 12.6376(5) Å, β = 110.028(2)°, V = 1030.92(7) Å3, Z = 2, R
gt(F) = 0.0312, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.1166, S = 1.043, T = 296(2) K.
Commercial cellulases from Trichoderma longibrachiatum enable a large-scale production of chito-oligosaccharides
Authors: Tegl Gregor , Öhlknecht Christoph , Vielnascher Robert , Kosma Paul , Hofinger-Horvath Andreas , Guebitz Geog M. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Chito-oligosaccharides (COSs) are a substance class of high interest due to various beneficial bioactive properties. However, detailed mechanistic and application-related investigations are limited due to the poor availability of COSs with defined structural properties. Here, we present the large-scale production of COSs with defined degree of N-acetylation using a commercial cellulase preparation from Trichoderma longibrachiatum. The enzyme preparation was found to exclusively produce COSs lacking of acetyl groups while MS/MS analysis indicated a cellobiohydrolase to be the responsible for hydrolysis with the enzyme preparation. MS and NMR analysis proved the low content of acetyl groups in the COS mix and oligomers with a degree of polymerization (DP) of 2–6 were obtained. The low cost enzyme source was further exploited for large-scale production in a 20 g batch and resulted a COSs yield of 40%. An inexpensive enzyme source for the production of bioactive COSs was successfully implemented and thorough product analysis resulted in well-defined COSs. This strategy could improve the access to this substance class for a more detailed investigation of its various biological activities.
Bioactive chitosan based coatings: functional applications in shelf life extension of Alphonso mango – a sweet story
Authors: Prashanth K. V. Harish , Baskaran Revathy , DhanyaSri E. B. , Rajashekaramurthy  
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Chitosan-based coating (M4F2) was used successfully to delay ripening and prolong shelf-life of rapidly perishable and expensive Alphonso mango fruits stored at 30 ± 3°C and 40–50% RH for 15 days. Matured raw Alphonso mango fruits were simple dip treated/coated and air dried with our newly developed chitosan based formulation (for industry) with additives. Samples were taken at regular intervals for routine analysis of fruits. Results indicated that M4F2 coating could decrease the decay incidence loss along with delay the change in color of mango fruit during storage but not physiological steady weight loss. Interestingly, sensory evaluation indicated that quality of mango was enhanced slight significantly to more sweetness and better aroma by M4F2 coating compared to uncoated control fruits. Further, our M4F2 coating formulation may act as an important potentiator of flavor compounds of mango as well as controlling organic acids and sugars, which are key components in the perception of mango flavor. Understanding the chemical components that contribute to flavor perception of the fruit is necessary for post-harvest storage technology. This information is also important to study chitosan/derivatives elicitation in molecular level to improve mango flavor as well as in identification of genes responsible for flavor quality. The scientific story behind this effective chitosan based coating formulation development has been discussed.
Distribution of Military Power and Prospects of Post-Conflict Peace
Authors: Bussmann Margit , Ranft Florian 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This study focuses on the distribution of military capabilities in the aftermath of civil wars and how it affects the recurrence of further fighting. Using survival analysis the empirical tests cover 48 post-conflict episodes in 33 countries and includes novel measurements on military capabilities. We find that peace is more likely to endure following military victories and peace agreements and when conflict parties are able to credibly signal their intentions to commit laying down arms.
Effect of acute stress on auditory processing: a systematic review of human studies
Authors: Jafari Zahra , Kolb Bryan E. , Mohajerani Majid H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractStress is an integral part of modern life. Although there is a large body of literature regarding the harmful effects of chronic stress on different aspects of human life, acute stress is the most common form of stress, resulting from the demands and pressures of the recent past and the anticipated demands and pressures of the near future. In spite of its pervasive nature, less attention has been paid to the impact of acute stress on sensory processing than to the consequences of chronic stress, particularly concerning auditory processing. In this systematic review, the impact of experimental acute stress on the auditory processing of healthy adults was investigated. The results revealed the adverse effects of acute physical and psychological stresses on auditory processing. According to the open field of research on stress and the auditory system and the high possibility of experiencing different types of acute stresses in various life environments, including testing places, it seems that more investigations are needed to identify and manage different types of acute stresses in both clinical and research situations.
Calculation of Liquid–Solid Interfacial Free Energy in Pb–Cu Binary Immiscible System
Authors: Li Hong-shan , Zhou Sheng-gang , Cao Yong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Based on the solid–liquid interfacial free energy theory of the complex Warren binary & pseudo-binary system and through the simplification of it by taking Pb–Cu binary system as an example, the physical model for it in binary immiscible system can be obtained. Next, its thermodynamic formula is derived to obtain a theoretical formula that only contains two parameters, and comparisons are made with regard to γ
SL calculated values and experimental values of MPE (multiphase equilibrium method) under several kinds of temperatures. As manifested in the outcomes, the improved physical model and theoretical formula will become not only easy to understand but also simple for calculation (the calculated value of γ
SL depends on two parameters, i.e. temperature and percentage composition of Cu atom). It can be treated as the foundation of application for the γ
SL calculation of liquid–solid interfacial free energy in other immiscible systems.
The Successive Application of the Gauge Transformation for the Modified Semidiscrete KP Hierarchy
Authors: Li Maohua , Cheng Jipeng , He Jingsong 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this article, the successive application of three gauge transformation operators for the modified semidiscrete Kadomtsev–Petviashvili(mdKP) hierarchy has been provided. The commutativity of the Bianchi diagram of these gauge transformation operators is investigated.