bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EQUIVARIANT COMPRESSION OF CERTAIN DIRECT LIMIT GROUPS AND AMALGAMATED FREE PRODUCTS
Authors: CAVE CHRIS , DREESEN DENNIS 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe give a means of estimating the equivariant compression of a group G in terms of properties of open subgroups Gi ⊂ G whose direct limit is G. Quantifying a result by Gal, we also study the behaviour of the equivariant compression under amalgamated free products G1∗HG2 where H is of finite index in both G1 and G2.
BEREZIN–TOEPLITZ QUANTIZATION, HYPERKÄHLER MANIFOLDS, AND MULTISYMPLECTIC MANIFOLDS
Authors: BARRON TATYANA , SERAJELAHI BARAN 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe suggest a way to quantize, using Berezin–Toeplitz quantization, a compact hyperkähler manifold (equipped with a natural 3-plectic form), or a compact integral Kähler manifold of complex dimensionnregarded as a (2n−1)-plectic manifold. We show that quantization has reasonable semiclassical properties.
A TOPOLOGICAL VARIATION OF THE RECONSTRUCTION CONJECTURE
Authors: PITZ MAX F. , SUABEDISSEN ROLF 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper investigates topological reconstruction, related to the reconstruction conjecture in graph theory. We ask whether the homeomorphism types of subspaces of a space X which are obtained by deleting singletons determine X uniquely up to homeomorphism. If the question can be answered affirmatively, such a space is called reconstructible. We prove that in various cases topological properties can be reconstructed. As main result we find that familiar spaces such as the reals ℝ, the rationals ℚ and the irrationals ℙ are reconstructible, as well as spaces occurring as Stone–Čech compactifications. Moreover, some non-reconstructible spaces are discovered, amongst them the Cantor set C.
A TOWER OF RIEMANN SURFACES WHICH CANNOT BE DEFINED OVER THEIR FIELD OF MODULI
Authors: ARTEBANI MICHELA , CARVACHO MARIELA , HIDALGO RUBEN A. , QUISPE SAÚL 
Published: June 2016

AbstractExplicit examples of both hyperelliptic and non-hyperelliptic curves which cannot be defined over their field of moduli are known in the literature. In this paper, we construct a tower of explicit examples of such kind of curves. In that tower there are both hyperelliptic curves and non-hyperelliptic curves.
HOMOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF CROSSED PRODUCTS
Authors: LI LIPING 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we consider several homological dimensions of crossed products AασG, where A is a left Noetherian ring and G is a finite group. We revisit the induction and restriction functors in derived categories, generalizing a few classical results for separable extensions. The global dimension and finitistic dimension of AσαG are classified: global dimension of AσαG is either infinity or equal to that of A, and finitistic dimension of AσαG coincides with that of A. A criterion for skew group rings to have finite global dimensions is deduced. Under the hypothesis that A is a semiprimary algebra containing a complete set of primitive orthogonal idempotents closed under the action of a Sylow p-subgroup S ≤ G, we show that A and AασG share the same homological dimensions under extra assumptions, extending the main results in (Li, Representations of modular skew group algebras, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc.367(9) (2015), 6293–6314, Li, Finitistic dimensions and picewise hereditary property of skew group algebras, to Glasgow Math. J.57(3) (2015), 509–517).
DUAL SPACE AND HYPERDIMENSION OF COMPACT HYPERGROUPS
Authors: ALAGHMANDAN MAHMOOD , AMINI MASSOUD 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe characterize dual spaces and compute hyperdimensions of irreducible representations for two classes of compact hypergroups namely conjugacy classes of compact groups and compact hypergroups constructed by joining compact and finite hypergroups. Also, studying the representation theory of finite hypergroups, we highlight some interesting differences and similarities between the representation theories of finite hypergroups and finite groups. Finally, we compute the Heisenberg inequality for compact hypergroups.
DISTRIBUTIVE LATTICES OF TILTING MODULES AND SUPPORT τ-TILTING MODULES OVER PATH ALGEBRAS
Authors: YANG YICHAO 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we study the poset of basic tilting kQ-modules when Q is a Dynkin quiver, and the poset of basic support τ-tilting kQ-modules when Q is a connected acyclic quiver respectively. It is shown that the first poset is a distributive lattice if and only if Q is of types $\mathbb{A}_{1}$, $\mathbb{A}_{2}$ or $\mathbb{A}_{3}$ with a non-linear orientation and the second poset is a distributive lattice if and only if Q is of type $\mathbb{A}_{1}$.
Who Moves Markets in a Sudden Marketwide Crisis? Evidence from 9/11
Authors: Burch Timothy R. , Emery Douglas R. , Fuerst Michael E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe compare reactions in the prices and trading patterns of common stocks and closed-end funds (CEFs), securities with substantially different investor clienteles, to the Sept. 11, 2001 terrorist attacks. When the market reopened 6 days later, retail investors sold and there were sharp price declines, even in assets with net institutional buying. In the subsequent 2 weeks, price reversals were substantially security specific and thus not simply due to improved systematic sentiment. Consistent with microstructure theory, comparisons between CEFs and common stocks show the speed of these reversals depended significantly on the relative quality and availability of information about fundamental values.
Real Economic Shocks and Sovereign Credit Risk
Authors: Augustin Patrick , Tédongap Roméo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe provide new empirical evidence that U.S. expected growth and consumption volatility are closely related to the strong comovement in sovereign spreads. We rationalize these findings in an equilibrium model with recursive utility for credit default swap (CDS) spreads. The framework links a reduced-form default process with country-specific sensitivity to expected growth and macroeconomic uncertainty. Exploiting the high-frequency information in the CDS term structure across 38 countries, we estimate the model and find parameters consistent with preference for early resolution of uncertainty. Our results confirm the existence of time-varying risk premia in sovereign spreads as compensation for exposure to common U.S. macroeconomic risk.
Benchmarking and Currency Risk
Authors: Massa Massimo , Wang Yanbo , Zhang Hong 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe show that the currency risk embedded in the benchmarks of international mutual funds negatively affects fund performance. More specifically, a high benchmark-implied currency risk induces funds to invest in markets with less volatile currencies, leading to a higher degree of currency concentration in portfolio holdings. This currency concentration, however, departs from the optimal equity allocation strategy across countries and reduces fund performance. We document that funds resorting to high currency concentrations underperform funds with low currency concentrations by as much as 1%–2% per year.
Rehydration methods to recover cysticercoids of the rat tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta from dry flour beetle carcasses
Authors: Chin H.M.-H. , Luong L.T. , Shostak A.W. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTerrestrial arthropods host a variety of helminth parasites, yet quantifying the intensity of infection in these hosts post-mortem is challenging because carcasses may desiccate quickly. We recovered cysticercoids of Hymenolepis diminuta from desiccated flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) carcasses by modifying a published insect rehydration procedure. Without rehydration, carcasses dissected more than 1 day post-mortem had noticeable degradation of cysticercoids. Mild rehydration (soaking in water only for 2 days, or 0.5–10% KOH for 1 h followed by 1 day in water, or 0.5% KOH for 1 day) left carcasses tough and time-consuming to dissect, but all parasites could be recovered and were similar in body size to fresh cysticercoids. Moderate rehydration (5–10% KOH for 1 day) allowed all parasites to be recovered and facilitated dissection by partially dissolving internal organs of the beetle while causing little degradation of the cysticercoids. Harsh rehydration (5–10% KOH for 1 day followed by 5 days in water) not only dissolved internal beetle tissues but also severely damaged cysticercoids, such that parasite counts were unreliable. The degree of initial carcass desiccation had little effect on results following rehydration. However, regardless of treatment used, intact cercomers were rarely retained on rehydrated cysticercoids. Rehydration was less successful on early developmental stages of the parasite, which were recovered reliably only as they neared the cysticercoid stage. This method has utility for studies of parasite-induced mortality by permitting accurate and reliable parasite counts from dead, desiccated hosts.
National prospective cohort study of peritonsillar abscess management
and outcomes: the Multicentre Audit of Quinsies study
Authors:   ENT Trainee Research Collaborative – West Midlands
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectives:To investigate variations in the management and outcomes of peritonsillar
abscesses, and to develop a trainee collaborative network in the UK.Methods:Data were collected prospectively on suspected peritonsillar abscess cases
presenting over a 2-month period at 42 participating secondary care centres,
covering a population of 16 million. The primary outcome was an adverse
event at 30 days, defined as re-presentation or re-drainage.Results:Eighteen per cent of the 325 cases experienced an adverse event. Follow-up
data were valid for 90 per cent of cases. Regression analyses showed a
significant reduction in adverse events in the 12 per cent of patients who
were discharged within 12 hours, and there was no significant increase in
adverse events for the 70 per cent receiving corticosteroids.Conclusion:Out-patient management of peritonsillar abscess is not commonly practised in
the UK. Corticosteroid usage is common and appears safe. This study
demonstrates that trainees working in collaboration can effectively deliver
prospective multicentre cohort studies in the UK.
Family planning
Authors: Paseau A. C. 
Published: June 2016

Without doing the morally unspeakable or the medically infeasible, can a preference for daughters rather than sons increase their relative number? If, to be more precise, the only variable over which you have control is your number of children, can you increase the ratio.Expected value (no. of daughters) : Expected value (no. of sons) ? Naïvely, you might think so. If for example you adopt the policy ‘stop procreating as soon as a girl is born’ won't you bear more girls compared to boys than you would otherwise? No, in fact.
Law of cosines generalised for any polygon and any polyhedron
Authors: Collins Lee , Osler Thomas J. 
Published: June 2016

The law of cosines for any triangle with sides of length a, b and c is c2 = a2 + b2 − 2ab cos γ, where γ is the angle opposite side c. We show that this law generalises nicely to any polygon as well as any polyhedron.The generalisation to a quadrilateral with sides a, b, c and d isand for a five sided polygon
Finding Carmichael numbers
Authors: Jameson G. J. O. 
Published: June 2016

Recall that Fermat's ‘little theorem’ says that if p is prime and a is not a multiple of p, then ap − 1 ≡ 1 mod p.This theorem gives a possible way to detect primes, or more exactly, non-primes: if for some positive a ≤ n − 1, an − 1 is not congruent to 1 mod n, then, by the theorem, n is not prime. A lot of composite numbers can indeed be detected by this test, but there are some that evade it. In other words, there are numbers n that are composite but still satisfy an − 1 ≡ 1 mod n for all a coprime to n. Such numbers might be called ‘false primes’, but in fact they are called Carmichael numbers in honour of R. D. Carmichael, who demonstrated their existence in 1912 [1] – so the year 2012 marks their centenary. (Composite numbers that satisfy the stated condition for one particular a are called a-pseudoprimes. They are the subject of a companion article [2].)
Finding pseudoprimes
Authors: Jameson G. J. O. 
Published: June 2016

Recall that Fermat's ‘little theorem’ says that if p is prime and a is not a multiple of p, then ap − 1 ≡ 1 mod p.This theorem gives a possible way to detect primes, or more exactly, non-primes: if for a certain a coprime to n, a− 1 is not congruent to 1 mod n, then, by the theorem, n is not prime. A lot of composite numbers can indeed be detected by this test, but there are some that evade it. Let us give ourselves some notation and terminology to discuss them.
The probabilistic nature of Wallis's formula
Authors: Khan Rasul A. 
Published: June 2016

The beautiful representation of π by Wallis's product formula has attracted many authors who have given a variety of proofs (see [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]). The purpose of this note is to revisit some elementary derivations with a focus on probabilistic/statistical flavours of this formula. The famous Wallis's product formula for is given byThere are a number proofs available for this formula scattered in the literature. Here we will concentrate on the probabilistic nature of this formula.
On a sequence of algebraic formulae of Ramanujan
Authors: Pla Juan 
Published: June 2016

Among the many astonishing formulae stated by Ramanujan we find in his Notebooks the following sequence (see [1], p 96, Entry 43):which hold for any triple of complex numbers (a, b, c) such that a + b + c = 0.Ramanujan concluded this list by ‘And so on’, which suggests that he had some kind of method or algorithm allowing him to extend this list to any even power of the quadratic form p(a, b, c) = ab + bc + ca, when a + b + c = 0. To explain this, Bruce Brendt details a theorem by S. Bhargava [2], which can be used to produce identities of the kind above, and infers that Ramanujan is likely to have used the same proof to establish his identities (see [1], pp. 97-100)
The missing fractions in Brouncker's sequence of continued fractions for π
Authors: Osler Thomas J. 
Published: June 2016

The forgotten continued fractionsLord Brouncker's continued fraction for π is(In this paper we will use the more convenient notation This fraction first appeared in the Arithmetica Infinitorum [1] by John Wallis. In this book, along with topics that lead to Newton's calculus, Wallis derives his famous productWallis tells us that he showed this product to Lord Brouncker, and in turn Brouncker converted it not only into (1), but into an infinite sequence of continued fractions.
New points from old
Authors: Dolan Stan 
Published: June 2016

Given two rational points on the graph of a cubic polynomial with rational coefficients, it is well known that one can construct another rational point by finding the third intersection point of the curve with the chord through the two points. For example, consider the two points A (2, 15) and B(0, 3) on y = 2x3 − x2 + 3.The chord through A and B has equation y = 6x + 3 and this intersects the curve again at the point P, whereThis cubic equation has three roots corresponding to A, B and the new point P,P is the point
Association between actigraphy-derived physical activity and cognitive performance in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Chen L.-J. , Steptoe A. , Chung M.-S. , Ku P.-W. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundAn association between low levels of physical activity and impaired cognitive performance in schizophrenia has been proposed, but most studies have relied on self-report measures of activity. This study examined the association between actigraphy-derived physical activity and cognitive performance adjusting for multiple covariates in patients with schizophrenia.MethodPatients with schizophrenia (n = 199) were recruited from chronic psychiatric wards, and 60 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched comparison participants were recruited from the staff of two hospitals and universities. Physical activity was assessed objectively for 7 days using an ActiGraph. Cognitive performance was assessed with the Cognitrone test from the Vienna Test System and the Grooved Pegboard Test. Demographic variables, metabolic parameters, positive and negative symptoms, duration of illness and hospitalization, and medication use were included as covariates. Pearson correlations and multivariable linear regressions were conducted to examine the associations between physical activity levels and cognitive performance.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia were less physically active and had poorer performance on attention/concentration and speed of processing than the comparison group. Patients with schizophrenia who spent more time in light physical activity showed better performance on attention/concentration (β = 0.198, p = 0.020) and speed of processing (β= −0.169, p = 0.048) tasks than those who were less active. Cognitive performance was also associated with moderate-vigorous physical activity, but the effect was no longer significant once light physical activity had been taken into account.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for a positive association between objectively measured light physical activity and cognitive performance in people with schizophrenia, after adjustment for multiple confounders.
Engineering integrated photonics for heralded quantum gates
Authors: Meany Thomas , Biggerstaff Devon N. , Broome Matthew A. , Fedrizzi Alessandro , Delanty Michael , Steel M. J. , Gilchrist Alexei , Marshall Graham D. , White Andrew G. , Withford Michael J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractScaling up linear-optics quantum computing will require multi-photon gates which are compact, phase-stable, exhibit excellent quantum interference and have success heralded by the detection of ancillary photons. We investigate the design, fabrication and characterisation of the optimal known gate scheme which meets these requirements: the Knill controlled-Z gate, implemented in integrated laser-written waveguide arrays. We show device performance to be less sensitive to phase variations in the circuit than to small deviations in the coupler reflectivity, which are expected given the tolerance values of the fabrication method. The mode fidelity is also shown to be less sensitive to reflectivity and phase errors than the process fidelity. Our best device achieves a fidelity of 0.931 ± 0.001 with the ideal 4 × 4 unitary circuit and a process fidelity of 0.680 ± 0.005 with the ideal computational-basis process.
Single Cell Proteolytic Assays to Investigate Cancer Clonal Heterogeneity and Cell Dynamics Using an Efficient Cell Loading Scheme
Authors: Chen Yu-Chih , Cheng Yu-Heng , Ingram Patrick , Yoon Euisik 
Published: June 2016

AbstractProteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is critical in cancer invasion, and recent work suggests that heterogeneous cancer populations cooperate in this process. Despite the importance of cell heterogeneity, conventional proteolytic assays measure average activity, requiring thousands of cells and providing limited information about heterogeneity and dynamics. Here, we developed a microfluidic platform that provides high-efficiency cell loading and simple valveless isolation, so the proteolytic activity of a small sample (10–100 cells) can be easily characterized. Combined with a single cell derived (clonal) sphere formation platform, we have successfully demonstrated the importance of microenvironmental cues for proteolytic activity and also investigated the difference between clones. Furthermore, the platform allows monitoring single cells at multiple time points, unveiling different cancer cell line dynamics in proteolytic activity. The presented tool facilitates single cell proteolytic analysis using small samples, and our findings illuminate the heterogeneous and dynamic nature of proteolytic activity.
Decadal variability in the occurrence of wintertime haze in central eastern China tied to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Authors: Zhao Sen , Li Jianping , Sun Cheng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHaze is a serious issue in China with increasing concerns and understanding the factors driving decadal-scale variations in haze occurrence is relevant for government policymaking. Using a comprehensive observational haze dataset, we demonstrate notable decadal fluctuations in the number of haze days (HD) during winter in central eastern China, showing a decline since the mid-1980s. The leading mode of the wintertime HD features an increasing trend for 1959–2012 in eastern China, highly correlated with China’s gross domestic product (GDP) that represents increasing trend of pollutant emissions and to a lesser extent meteorological factors. The second mode shows decadal variations in central eastern China associated with Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Observations and numerical simulations suggest that Mongolia High and corresponding descending motion tend to be enhanced (weakened) in central eastern China during the positive (negative) phase of PDO. With PDO shifting towards a negative phase, the weakened Mongolia High and ascending anomalies make the air unstable and conduce to the spread of pollutants, leading to the decline in the wintertime HD over central eastern China since the mid-1980s. Based on above physical mechanisms, a linear model based on PDO and GDP metrics provided a good fit to the observed HD.
Mechanisms of PDGF siRNA-mediated inhibition of bone cancer pain in the spinal cord
Authors: Xu Yang , Liu Jia , He Mu , Liu Ran , Belegu Visar , Dai Ping , Liu Wei , Wang Wei , Xia Qing-Jie , Shang Fei-Fei , Luo Chao-Zhi , Zhou Xue , Liu Su , McDonald JohnW. , Liu Jin , Zuo Yun-Xia , Liu Fei , Wang Ting-Hua 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPatients with tumors that metastasize to bone frequently suffer from debilitating pain, and effective therapies for treating bone cancer are lacking. This study employed a novel strategy in which herpes simplex virus (HSV) carrying a small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) was used to alleviate bone cancer pain. HSV carrying PDGF siRNA was established and intrathecally injected into the cavum subarachnoidale of animals suffering from bone cancer pain and animals in the negative group. Sensory function was assessed by measuring thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia. The mechanism by which PDGF regulates pain was also investigated by comparing the differential expression of pPDGFRα/β and phosphorylated ERK and AKT. Thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia developed in the rats with bone cancer pain, and these effects were accompanied by bone destruction in the tibia. Intrathecal injection of PDGF siRNA and morphine reversed thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia in rats with bone cancer pain. In addition, we observed attenuated astrocyte hypertrophy, down-regulated pPDGFRα/β levels, reduced levels of the neurochemical SP, a reduction in CGRP fibers and changes in pERK/ERK and pAKT/AKT ratios. These results demonstrate that PDGF siRNA can effectively treat pain induced by bone cancer by blocking the AKT-ERK signaling pathway.