bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EMIC waves and associated relativistic electron precipitation on 25–26 January 2013
Authors: Zhang Jichun , Halford Alexa J. , Saikin Anthony A. , Huang Chia‐Lin , Spence Harlan E. , Larsen Brian A. , Reeves Geoffrey D. , Millan Robyn M. , Smith Charles W. , Torbert Roy B. , Kurth William S. , Kletzing Craig A. , Blake J. Bernard , Fennel Joseph F. , Baker Daniel N. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractUsing measurements from the Van Allen Probes and the Balloon Array for RBSP Relativistic Electron Losses (BARREL), we perform a case study of electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves and associated relativistic electron precipitation (REP) observed on 25–26 January 2013. Among all the EMIC wave and REP events from the two missions, the pair of the events is the closest both in space and time. The Van Allen Probe‐B detected significant EMIC waves at L = 2.1–3.9 and magnetic local time (MLT) = 21.0–23.4 for 53.5 min from 2353:00 UT, 25 January 2013. Meanwhile, BARREL‐1T observed clear precipitation of relativistic electrons at L = 4.2–4.3 and MLT = 20.7–20.8 for 10.0 min from 2358 UT, 25 January 2013. Local plasma and field conditions for the excitation of the EMIC waves, wave properties, electron minimum resonant energy Emin, and electron pitch angle diffusion coefficient Dαα of a sample EMIC wave packet are examined along with solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field parameters, geomagnetic activity, and results from the spectral analysis of the BARREL balloon observations to investigate the two types of events. The events occurred in the early main phase of a moderate storm (min. Dst* = −51.0 nT). The EMIC wave event consists of two parts. Unlike the first part, the second part of the EMIC wave event was locally generated and still in its source region. It is found that the REP event is likely associated with the EMIC wave event.
A study of cosmic ray flux based on the noise in raw CCD data from solar images
Authors: Shen Z.‐N. , Qin G. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRaw solar images from CCDs are often contaminated with single‐pixel noise which is thought to be made by cosmic ray hits. The cosmic ray‐affected pixels are usually outstanding when compared with the perimeter zone. In this work, we use a method based on the median filtering algorithm to identify and count the cosmic ray traces from SOHO/EIT solar images to estimate the cosmic ray (CR) flux. With such cosmic ray flux, we study the transient variations associated with the violent solar activities, such as the solar proton events (SPEs), which show good similarity with the observations of GOES 11 P6 channel with an energy interval 80–165 MeV. Further, using SPE list observed by SOHO/ERNE proton channels with more narrow energy intervals, it is found that CRs in the energy range 118–140 MeV affect the SOHO/EIT images the most. In addition, by using a robust automatic despiking method, we get the background of the cosmic ray flux from solar images, which is considered to be the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) flux. The GCR flux from solar images shows an 11 year period due to the solar modulation, similar to the SOHO/ERNE GCR flux and Newark neutron monitor count rates. Furthermore, GCRs from solar images have a 27 day period and show good anticorrelation with the changes of solar wind velocity.
Retraction: Copper‐Catalyzed Cascade Reaction for Practical and Efficient Synthesis of Alkyl 2H‐Isoindole‐1‐carboxylates
Authors: Biswas Subhasish , Nayak Maloy , Kanojiya Sanjeev , Batra Sanjay 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe above article in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, published online on December 8, 2011, in Wiley Online Library (onlinelibrary.wiley.com), and in print Volume 353, Issue 18, 2011, pages 3330–3334 (DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201100451), has been retracted by agreement between the authors, the journal Editor, Joe P. Richmond, and Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA. The retraction has been agreed to for the following reasons.As determined by X‐ray analysis carried out by Jérôme Thibonnet and co‐workers, Université François Rabelais, Tours, the products reported are not isoindoles, but rather the corresponding indoles. The reaction mechanism reported is therefore also incorrect.
Magnesocene‐Based Electrolytes: A New Class of Electrolytes for Magnesium Batteries
Authors: Schwarz Rainer , Pejic Marijana , Fischer Philipp , Marinaro Mario , Jörissen Ludwig , Wachtler Mario 
Published: October 2016

AbstractUnlike ferrocene, bis(η5‐cyclopentadienyl)magnesium (magnesocene, MgCp2) is slightly dissociated in solvents, such as ethers, resulting in electrolyte solutions with low conductivity. MgCp2/tetrahydrofuran solutions make possible reversible magnesium plating and stripping with low over‐potentials for many cycles. The Mg deposits appear with a cauliflower‐like morphology. IR and NMR spectroscopy confirm that the electrolyte is stable and not decomposed during prolonged cycling. The anodic stability limit is in the range of 1.5 V (at platinum) and 1.8 V versus Mg/Mg2+ (at stainless steel), which may be sufficient for low‐voltage cathode materials. MgCp2 is a first example of a completely new class of halide‐free electrolytes, which may open up a new research direction for future magnesium metal and magnesium‐ion batteries.
A Synthetic Loop Replacement Peptide That Blocks Canonical NF‐κB Signaling
Authors: Bruno Paul A. , Morriss‐Andrews Alex , Henderson Andrew R. , Brooks Charles L. , Mapp Anna K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAberrant canonical NF‐κB signaling is implicated in diseases from autoimmune disorders to cancer. A major therapeutic challenge is the need for selective inhibition of the canonical pathway without impacting the many non‐canonical NF‐κB functions. Here we show that a selective peptide‐based inhibitor of canonical NF‐κB signaling, in which a hydrogen bond in the NBD peptide is synthetically replaced by a non‐labile bond, shows an about 10‐fold increased potency relative to the original inhibitor. Not only is this molecule, NBD2, a powerful tool for dissection of canonical NF‐κB signaling in disease models and healthy tissues, the success of the synthetic loop replacement suggests that the general strategy could be useful for discovering modulators of the many protein–protein interactions mediated by such structures.
An M2L4 Molecular Capsule with a Redox Switchable Polyradical Shell
Authors: Yazaki Kohei , Noda Shogo , Tanaka Yuya , Sei Yoshihisa , Akita Munetaka , Yoshizawa Michito 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPreparation of molecular nanostructures with polyradical frameworks remains a significant challenge because of the limited synthetic accessibility which is entirely different from that of neutral and ionic ones. Herein we report the quantitative formation of a new M2L4 molecular capsule from metal ions and dihydrophenazine‐based ligands. The capsule has a spherical nanocavity (ca. 1 nm in diameter) enclosed by eight redox‐active, dihydrophenazine panels. Electrochemical oxidation of the capsule leads to the generation of multiple radical cations on the shell framework. Moreover, a stable tetra(radical cation) capsule can be reversibly obtained by chemical as well as electrochemical oxidation.
Temperature‐Controlled Switchable Photochromism in Solid Materials
Authors: Julià‐López Alex , Hernando Jordi , Ruiz‐Molina Daniel , González‐Monje Pablo , Sedó Josep , Roscini Claudio 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA novel strategy to achieve thermally switchable photochromism in solid materials is reported, which relies on the preparation of polymeric core–shell capsules containing solutions of photochromic dyes in acidic phase‐change materials. Upon changing the phase (solid or liquid) of the encapsulated medium, one of the two photochromic states of the system is selectively stabilized on demand, allowing for reversible interconversion between direct and reverse photochromism when thermally scanning through the melting temperature of the phase‐change material. This strategy, which does not require the addition of external agents or chemical modification of the dyes, proved to be general for different spiropyran photochromes and to be applicable to the fabrication of a variety of functional materials by simply embedding the capsules obtained into a solid matrix of choice.
Determining the Attenuation Factor in Molecular Wires Featuring Covalent and Noncovalent Tectons
Authors: Vela Sonia , Bauroth Stefan , Atienza Carmen , Molina‐Ontoria Agustín , Guldi Dirk M. , Martín Nazario 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHybrid covalent/supramolecular porphyrin–fullerene structures were synthesized as highly efficient molecular wires with a remarkably low attenuation factor (β=0.07±0.01 Å−1). Hydrogen‐bonding interactions and p‐phenylene oligomers of different lengths are responsible for efficient electron transfer in the molecular wires.
Lead‐Free, Blue Emitting Bismuth Halide Perovskite Quantum Dots
Authors: Leng Meiying , Chen Zhengwu , Yang Ying , Li Zha , Zeng Kai , Li Kanghua , Niu Guangda , He Yisu , Zhou Qingchao , Tang Jiang 
Published: October 2016

AbstractLead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising candidates for future lighting applications, due to their high quantum yield, narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM), and wide color gamut. However, the toxicity of lead represents a potential obstacle to their utilization. Although tin(II) has been used to replace lead in films and QDs, the high intrinsic defect density and oxidation vulnerability typically leads to unsatisfactory material properties. Bismuth, with much lower toxicity than lead, is promising to constitute lead‐free perovskite materials because Bi3+ is isoelectronic to Pb2+ and more stable than Sn2+. Herein we report, for the first time, the synthesis and optical characterization of MA3Bi2Br9 perovskite QDs with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) up to 12 %, which is much higher than Sn‐based perovskite nanocrystals. Furthermore, the photoluminescence (PL) peaks of MA3Bi2X9 QDs could be easily tuned from 360 to 540 nm through anion exchange.
Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Arylative Dearomatization of β‐Naphthols
Authors: Xu Ren‐Qi , Yang Ping , Tu Hang‐Fei , Wang Shou‐Guo , You Shu‐Li 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe first Pd0‐catalyzed intermolecular arylative dearomatization of β‐naphthols with aryl halides is described. It was found that Q‐Phos could facilitate the palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling‐type dearomatization of β‐naphthols, while avoiding O‐arylation, to construct 2‐naphthalenones in excellent yields and with high chemoselectivity.
Confidently Biased: Comparisons with Anchors Bias Estimates and Increase Confidence
Authors: Smith Andrew R. , Marshall Lindsay D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAcross a wide variety of situations, exposure to anchors has been shown to bias people's estimates. What is not known, however, is whether externally provided anchors influence the confidence that people have in their estimates. Our studies had two goals. First, we tested whether exposure to anchors influenced people's subjective confidence levels (Studies 1 and 2). These studies revealed that people who made estimates after making comparisons with externally provided anchors tended to be more confident in their estimates than people who did not see anchors. The second goal was to test two explanations as to why anchors increase people's confidence. In Study 3, we tested the explanation that anchors increase confidence because participants thought the anchors provided useful information. In Study 4, we tested the explanation that exposure to anchors causes people to consider a narrower range of plausible values as compared to when not exposed to anchors. Support was found only for the explanation that comparisons with anchors increase confidence because people who are exposed to anchors consider a narrower range of plausible values. Taken together, these studies reveal the powerful influence anchors can have—they not only bias estimates, but also increase people's confidence in their biased estimates. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative molecular field analysis of chromatographic hydrophobicity indices for some coumarin analogs
Authors: Fatemi Mohammad Hossein , Shakoori Zahra , Samghani Kobra 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe chromatographic hydrophobicity index (CHI) is an HPLC‐based parameter that provides reliable guidance in optimization of pharmacological efficiency and adsorption, distribution, metabolism and exertion (ADME) profile of drug candidates. In the present work, classical and three‐dimensional quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) models were developed for prediction of CHI values of some 4‐hydroxycoumarin analogs on immobilized artificial membrane column. Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) as 3D–QSPR methods were performed to gain insight into the key structural factors affecting on the chromatographic hydrophobicity of interested chemicals. The calculated parameters of Q2, R2 and standard error were 0.545, 0.996 and 0.773 for CoMFA model and 0.815, 0.986 and 1.44 for CoMSIA model, respectively. The contour maps for steric fields of the CoMFA model illustrate that the hydrophobicity of chemicals will be higher when the positions of R6, R7 and R8 in the 4‐hydroxycuomarin ring are substituted by alkyl groups. Moreover, by the analysis of the plots of electrostatic fields, it was concluded that the CHI value greatly increases if one hydrogen on coumarin ring is substituted by the F, Cl, Br, OH or OCH3 group.
LR12‐peptide quantitation in whole blood by RP‐HPLC and intrinsic fluorescence detection: Validation and pharmacokinetic study
Authors: Parent M. , Boudier A. , Maincent P. , Gibot S. , Ait‐Oufella H. , Boufenzer A. , Jolly L. , Derive M. , Kouach M. , Goossens J.‐F. , Leroy P. , Clarot I. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA simple, sensitive, selective and robust HPLC method based on intrinsic fluorescence detection was developed for the quantitation of a dodecapeptide (designated as LR12), inhibitor of Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells‐1, in rat whole blood. Sample treatment was optimized using protein precipitation and solid‐phase extraction. Chromatographic separation was carried out in a gradient mode using a core–shell C18 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 3.6 μm) with mobile phases of acetonitrile and water containing trifluoroacetic acid at 1.0 mL/min. The method was validated using methodology described by the US Food and Drug Administration guidelines for bioanalytical methods. Linearity was demonstrated within the 50–500 ng/mL range and the lower limit of quantitation was 50 ng/mL. Finally, a preliminary pharmacokinetic study after intraperitoneal injection of LR12 in rats was conducted to evaluate both LR12 monomer and its corresponding disulfide dimer, the main product of degradation. Beyond the fact that this paper describes the first fully validated method for LR12 analysis in blood samples, the approach followed here to optimize pre‐analytical steps could be beneficial to develop HPLC and/or MS methods for other pharmaceutical peptides.
Adjuvant treatment combining cellular immunotherapy with chemotherapy improves the clinical outcome of patients with stage II/III gastric cancer
Authors: Wang Yizhuo , Wang Chang , Xiao Huijie , Niu Chao , Wu Haitao , Jin Haofan , Yao Cheng , He Hua , Tian Huimin , Han Fujun , Li Dan , Han Wei , Xu Jianting , Chen Jingtao , Cui Jiuwei , Li Wei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPostsurgical relapse remains a common issue for resectable gastric cancer (GC). Here, we investigated the efficacy and safety of an adjuvant treatment combining chemotherapy with cellular immunotherapy (CIT) using autologous natural killer cells, γδT cells, and cytokine‐induced killer cells in the treatment of stage II/III GC. A pilot prospective cohort study was conducted in 169 patients with stage II/III GC who had undergone gastrectomy with D2 lymph node dissection. Patients were assigned into two groups according to the patient choice of treatment, including chemotherapy alone (chemo) or chemotherapy combined with CIT (chemo/CIT). Disease‐free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and adverse events were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate Cox models were used to analyze the impact of chemo/CIT on DFS and OS. Kaplan–Meier analysis with the log‐rank test was used to compare the clinical outcome between two groups. Three‐year DFS rate was 60.6% and 74.7% (P = 0.036) and 3‐year OS rate was 64.9% and 83% (P = 0.051) for the chemo and chemo/CIT group, respectively. TNM stage and chemo/CIT were independent prognostic factors for both DFS (for TNM stage, P < 0.001, hazard ratio [HR]: 5.599, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.791–11.232; for chemo/CIT, P = 0.013, HR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.266–0.858) and OS (for TNM stage, P < 0.001, HR: 6.559, 95% CI: 2.903–14.817; for chemo/CIT, P = 0.04, HR: 0.506, 95% CI: 0.264–0.970). In subgroup analysis, 3‐year DFS and OS rates of patients with stage III GC in the chemo/CIT group were significantly higher than those in the chemo group (38.4% vs. 57.1%, P = 0.038; and 45.9% vs. 76%, P = 0.06, respectively), while there was no significant difference between the two groups in patients with stage II GC. Only 15.9% of patients (10/63) in the chemo/CIT group had mild and manageable fever (grades 1 and 2), while no other side effects were observed. The adjuvant treatment combining chemotherapy with cellular immunotherapy is well tolerated and significantly improves the clinical outcome of patients with stage II/III GC, when compared with chemotherapy alone, therefore warrants further attention in treatment for relapsed GC after tumor resection.
Influence of Label and Charge Density on the Association of the Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies Trastuzumab and Cetuximab Conjugated to Anionic Fluorophores
Authors: Pauli Jutta , Pochstein Marieke , Haase Andrea , Napp Joanna , Luch Andreas , Resch‐Genger Ute 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe design of bright and functional dye–protein conjugates requires hydrophilic and stable fluorophores with high molar absorption coefficients and high fluorescence quantum yields, which must not be prone to dimerization, as well as conservation of protein function and suppression of protein association. Although many synthetic dyes meet these needs, the influence of dye charge on bioconjugate performance is commonly neglected. This encouraged us to assess the spectroscopic properties, antibody functionality, binding behavior, folding, and association of conjugates of the therapeutic antibodies trastuzumab and cetuximab with the red cyanine dyes S0586, S2381, and 6SIDCC (bearing two, three, and six sulfonate groups, respectively). Our results demonstrate a negligible effect of dye labeling on antibody folding, yet a strong influence of label charge and density on antibody isoelectric points and association. Especially 6SIDCC decreased strongly the isoelectric points of both antibodies and their heavy or light chains even at low labeling degrees, thus favoring protein association. Although an increasingly negative dye charge reduces antigen affinity as shown in a competitive immunoassay, all conjugates still bound to cells overexpressing the target of the respective antibody. Obviously, dyes that cause minimum dimerization with a small number of charged groups are best for conjugate brightness, minimum protein association, and strong target binding. This underlines the need to consider dye charge for the rational design of conjugates with optimum performance.
Diagnostic and response assessment FDG PET‐CT in neurolymphomatosis
Authors: Bruce David , Eagleton Helen , Subesinghe Manil 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageFDG PET‐CT is a useful imaging tool in the diagnosis and response assessment of neurolymphomatosis, especially in cases of otherwise unexplained neuropathy following conventional diagnostic work‐up including lumbar puncture, CT, and MRI. The use of a novel PET reconstruction algorithm improves image quality and lesion detection through increased signal‐to‐noise ratio.
Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible affecting the articular condyle: a case report
Authors: Marín Fernández Ana Belén , García Medina Blas , Martínez Plaza Adoración , Aguilar‐Salvatierra Antonio , Gómez‐Moreno Gerardo 
Published: October 2016

Key Clinical MessageAneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign osteolytic lesion that is fast‐growing, expansile, and locally destructive. The present case is of a young girl with facial asymmetry, which had become accentuated during the previous months. A conservative treatment was performed to reduce morbidity and affectation of the lower dental nerve.
Dehydration of 2‐Octanol over Ca‐doped CeO2 Catalysts
Authors: Gnanamani Muthu Kumaran , Jacobs Gary , Shafer Wilson D. , Davis Burtron H. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractVapor‐phase catalytic dehydration of 2‐octanol was investigated over Ca‐doped CeO2 at 375 °C and atmospheric pressure. Ca doping up to 0.15 wt % was found to increase the dehydration activity for 2‐octanol, whereas further increases in Ca content (0.50 and 1.25 wt %) detrimentally affected the conversion. Catalyst surface area and pore volume increased with increasing Ca content in Ca‐doped CeO2. Hydrogen temperature‐programmed reduction (TPR) profiles indicate that the partially reduced state of surface ceria (i.e., Ce3+), which increases with increasing Ca loading up to 0.15 wt %, might play an important role in promoting dehydration.
Influence of Electrode Geometry on the Response of Solid‐Contact Ion‐Selective Electrodes when Utilizing a New Coulometric Signal Readout Method
Authors: Han Tingting , Vanamo Ulriika , Bobacka Johan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article describes the influence of electrode geometry on the response of solid‐contact ion‐selective electrodes (SC‐ISE) with a conducting polymer (CP) as solid contact, when using a recently reported signal readout method based on constant potential coulometry. Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS) was electropolymerized on glassy carbon disk electrodes with areas ranging from 0.031 cm2 to 0.79 cm2. The polymerization charge was kept constant (1 mC) for all electrodes, meaning that the redox capacitance of PEDOT was constant for all electrodes while the PEDOT thickness decreased with increasing electrode area. The thickness of the K+‐selective membrane covering the CP was kept constant, so that the total resistance of the K+‐selective membrane decreased with increasing electrode area. When utilizing the coulometric signal readout method, the response time of the SC‐ISEs was significantly shortened by increasing the electrode area.
Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Derived Oxygen‐Rich Porous Carbon Anodes for High‐Performance Lithium/Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Yongzhi , Meng Yan , Wang Yujue , Chen Li , Guo Yong , Xiao Dan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), which contains large amounts of carboxymethyl and hydroxy groups, has been used as an oxygen‐containing carbon precursor to prepare oxygen‐rich porous carbon (OPC) in a silica‐template process. CMC can be mixed homogeneously with the silica template because of its excellent water solubility and viscosity, which is one of the key reasons for the successful preparation of OPC. The obtained OPC possesses some micropores, many mesopores with different sizes, a large specific surface area of 1792.6 m2 g−1, and a high oxygen content of 8.63 wt %, and exhibits superb dual functionality as anodes for lithium‐ion and sodium‐ion batteries.