bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enforceability of trade mark rights in Metaverse: where virtual worlds meet legal realities
Authors: Charmeil Timothée 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While Metaverse is a virtual world, trade mark law is a reality. Consequently, Metaverse cannot undermine trade mark law, which is being given the opportunity to demonstrate its plasticity once again. There is therefore no need to create any false suspense: trade mark law is enforceable in the virtual world. However, the modalities of this enforceability are uncertain and thus merit in-depth study. The central question, currently the focus of much heated debate, is whether right owners need to register a new Metaverse-specific trade mark. In our view, such a registration is not only unnecessary but also dangerous. It is pointless because the courts have already confirmed that protection for real products and services extends to equivalent virtual products and services. Consequently, the infringement action loses none of its effectiveness in Metaverse. Malicious users believing they are living a dream in Metaverse could be in for a rude awakening. Finally, if re-registering a specific trade mark in Metaverse is not only useless but also dangerous, this is because one can easily lose one’s right to prohibit in the virtual world. Ultimately, re-registering a new trade mark specific to a virtual world entails a major risk: one that will prove to be very real.
Regenerative therapies for erectile dysfunction: a systematic review, Bayesian network meta-analysis, and meta-regression
Authors: Hinojosa-Gonzalez David E , Saffati Gal , Orozco Rendon Daniela , La Troy , Kronstedt Shane , Muthigi Akhil , Khera Mohit 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Current guidelines advocate a shared decision-making process approach to erectile dysfunction management, and while there is growing interest in regenerative therapies such as stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma injections, and low-intensity shockwave therapy for erectile dysfunction, comparative data on the efficacy of these modalities are limited.

Aim
This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to compare stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma injections, and low-intensity shockwave therapy for managing erectile dysfunction and quantify their impact on the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF).

Methods
In January 2024, a systematic search of online databases was performed to identify randomized clinical trials related to stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma injections, and low-intensity shockwave therapy in erectile dysfunction. Eligible articles reported outcomes using the IIEF score. Data were inputted into Review Manager 5.4 for pairwise meta-analysis. Data were then used to build a network in R Studio. These networks were used to model 200 000 Markov Chains via MonteCarlo sampling. The results are expressed as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% credible intervals (CrI). Meta-regression was used to adjust for PDE5is use.

Outcomes
Impact on the International Index of Erectile Function.

Results
A total of 16 studies involving 907 patients were analyzed. The standardized mean difference (SMD) vs control for stem cell therapy was 0.92 [95% CrI –0.49, 2.3]. For platelet-rich plasma, the SMD vs control was 0.83 [95% CrI 0.15, 1.5], and for low-intensity shockwave therapy, the SMD vs control was 0.84 [95% CrI 0.49, 1.2]. When stratifying low-intensity shockwave therapy by dose, the SMD vs control at 0.15 mJ/mm2 was 1.1 [95% CrI 0.36, 1.9], while at 0.09 mJ/mm2, it was 0.75 [95% CrI 0.26, 1.2]. Meta-regression adjusting for the administration of PDE5 inhibitors yielded non-significant results.

Clinical implications
The findings suggest that stem cells, platelet-rich plasma, and low intensity shockwave therapy, particularly at 0.15 and 0.09 mJ/mm2, may offer improvements in erectile function.

Strengths and limitations
The strength is the robust statistical methods. Limitations are in heterogeneity in control groups and follow-up durations among included studies.

Conclusion
Shockwave therapy and platelet-rich plasma demonstrated statistically significant improvements, though the clinical relevance and extent of their impact remain questionable. Further research is necessary to determine the efficacy of stem cell therapies for erectile function.
Extracting efficient exact real number computation from proofs in constructive type theory
Authors: Konečný Michal , Park Sewon , Thies Holger 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Exact real computation is an alternative to floating-point arithmetic where operations on real numbers are performed exactly, without the introduction of rounding errors. When proving the correctness of an implementation, one can focus solely on the mathematical properties of the problem without thinking about the subtleties of representing real numbers. We propose a new axiomatization of the real numbers in a dependent type theory with the goal of extracting certified exact real computation programs from constructive proofs. Our formalization differs from similar approaches, in that we formalize the reals in a conceptually similar way as some mature implementations of exact real computation. Primitive operations on reals can be extracted directly to the corresponding operations in such an implementation, producing more efficient programs. We particularly focus on the formalization of partial and nondeterministic computation, which is essential in exact real computation. We prove the soundness of our formalization with regards to the standard realizability interpretation from computable analysis and show how to relate our theory to a classical formalization of the reals. We demonstrate the feasibility of our theory by implementing it in the Coq proof assistant and present several natural examples. From the examples we have automatically extracted Haskell programs that use the exact real computation framework AERN for efficiently performing exact operations on real numbers. In experiments, the extracted programs behave similarly to native implementations in AERN in terms of running time and memory usage.
Polar alignment of a dusty circumbinary disc–II. Application to 99 Herculis
Authors: Smallwood Jeremy L , Lin Min-Kai , Nealon Rebecca , Aly Hossam , Longarini Cristiano 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We investigate the formation of dust traffic jams in polar-aligning circumbinary discs. In our first paper, we found as the circumbinary disc evolves towards a polar configuration perpendicular to the binary orbital plane, the differential precession between the gas and dust components leads to multiple dust traffic jams. These dust traffic jams evolve to form a coherent dust ring. In part two, we use 3D smoothed particle hydrodynamical simulations of gas and dust to model an initially highly misaligned circumbinary disc around the 99 Herculis (99 Her) binary system. Our results reveal that the formation of these dust rings is observed across various disc parameters, including the disc aspect ratio, viscosity, surface density power-law index, and temperature power-law index. The dust traffic jams are long-lived and persist even when the disc is fully aligned polar. The midplane dust-to-gas ratio within the rings can surpass unity, which may be a favourable environment for planetesimal formation. Using 2D inviscid shearing box calculations with parameters from our 3D simulations, we find streaming instability modes with significant growth rates. The streaming instability growth time-scale is less than the tilt oscillation time-scale during the alignment process. Therefore, the dust ring will survive once the gas disc aligns polar, suggesting that the streaming instability may aid in forming polar planets around 99 Her.
MethyLasso: a segmentation approach to analyze DNA methylation patterns and identify differentially methylated regions from whole-genome datasets
Authors: Balaramane Delphine , Spill Yannick G , Weber Michaël , Bardet Anaïs Flore 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
DNA methylation is an epigenetic mark involved in the regulation of gene expression, and patterns of DNA methylation anticorrelate with chromatin accessibility and transcription factor binding. DNA methylation can be profiled at the single cytosine resolution in the whole genome and has been performed in many cell types and conditions. Computational approaches are then essential to study DNA methylation patterns in a single condition or capture dynamic changes of DNA methylation levels across conditions. Toward this goal, we developed MethyLasso, a new approach to segment DNA methylation data. We use it as an all-in-one tool to perform the identification of low-methylated regions, unmethylated regions, DNA methylation valleys and partially methylated domains in a single condition as well as differentially methylated regions between two conditions. We performed a rigorous benchmarking comparing existing approaches by evaluating the agreement of the regions across tools, their number, size, level of DNA methylation, boundaries, cytosine–guanine content and coverage using several real datasets as well as the sensitivity and precision of the approaches using simulated data and show that MethyLasso performs best overall. MethyLasso is freely available at https://github.com/bardetlab/methylasso.
MAPbrain: a multi-omics atlas of the primate brain
Authors: Zhuo Liangchen , Wang Mengdi , Song Tingrui , Zhong Suijuan , Zeng Bo , Liu Zeyuan , Zhou Xin , Wang Wei , Wu Qian , He Shunmin , Wang Xiaoqun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The brain is the central hub of the entire nervous system. Its development is a lifelong process guided by a genetic blueprint. Understanding how genes influence brain development is critical for deciphering the formation of human cognitive functions and the underlying mechanisms of neurological disorders. Recent advances in multi-omics techniques have now made it possible to explore these aspects comprehensively. However, integrating and analyzing extensive multi-omics data presents significant challenges. Here, we introduced MAPbrain (http://bigdata.ibp.ac.cn/mapBRAIN/), a multi-omics atlas of the primate brain. This repository integrates and normalizes both our own lab's published data and publicly available multi-omics data, encompassing 21 million brain cells from 38 key brain regions and 436 sub-regions across embryonic and adult stages, with 164 time points in humans and non-human primates. MAPbrain offers a unique, robust, and interactive platform that includes transcriptomics, epigenomics, and spatial transcriptomics data, facilitating a comprehensive exploration of brain development. The platform enables the exploration of cell type- and time point-specific markers, gene expression comparison between brain regions and species, joint analyses across transcriptome and epigenome, and navigation of cell types across species, brain regions, and development stages. Additionally, MAPbrain provides an online integration module for users to navigate and analyze their own data within the platform.
A novel interpretable deep learning-based computational framework designed synthetic enhancers with broad cross-species activity
Authors: Li Zhaohong , Zhang Yuanyuan , Peng Bo , Qin Shenghua , Zhang Qian , Chen Yun , Chen Choulin , Bao Yongzhou , Zhu Yuqi , Hong Yi , Liu Binghua , Liu Qian , Xu Lingna , Chen Xi , Ma Xinhao , Wang Hongyan , Xie Long , Yao Yilong , Deng Biao , Li Jiaying , De Baojun , Chen Yuting , Wang Jing , Li Tian , Liu Ranran , Tang Zhonglin , Cao Junwei , Zuo Erwei , Mei Chugang , Zhu Fangjie , Shao Changwei , Wang Guirong , Sun Tongjun , Wang Ningli , Liu Gang , Ni Jian-Quan , Liu Yuwen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Enhancers play a critical role in dynamically regulating spatial-temporal gene expression and establishing cell identity, underscoring the significance of designing them with specific properties for applications in biosynthetic engineering and gene therapy. Despite numerous high-throughput methods facilitating genome-wide enhancer identification, deciphering the sequence determinants of their activity remains challenging. Here, we present the DREAM (DNA cis-Regulatory Elements with controllable Activity design platforM) framework, a novel deep learning-based approach for synthetic enhancer design. Proficient in uncovering subtle and intricate patterns within extensive enhancer screening data, DREAM achieves cutting-edge sequence-based enhancer activity prediction and highlights critical sequence features implicating strong enhancer activity. Leveraging DREAM, we have engineered enhancers that surpass the potency of the strongest enhancer within the Drosophila genome by approximately 3.6-fold. Remarkably, these synthetic enhancers exhibited conserved functionality across species that have diverged more than billion years, indicating that DREAM was able to learn highly conserved enhancer regulatory grammar. Additionally, we designed silencers and cell line-specific enhancers using DREAM, demonstrating its versatility. Overall, our study not only introduces an interpretable approach for enhancer design but also lays out a general framework applicable to the design of other types of cis-regulatory elements.
Recovery from rituximab-associated persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia in children with nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Hirano Daishi , Fujimaru Takuya , Sako Mayumi , Tanaka Seiji , Inaba Aya , Uchimura Toru , Kamei Koichi , Kubota Takuo , Ohta Toshiyuki , Okamoto Takayuki , Tanaka Hiroshi , Hamada Riku , Ito Shuichi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
There are limited data on the long-term outcomes and risk factors for non-recovery after development of rituximab (RTX)-associated persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia among children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (NS).

Methods
A nationwide Japanese survey was conducted to determine the prognosis of patients with childhood-onset idiopathic NS who developed persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia after RTX administration. Specifically, predictors of IgG level recovery and risk factors for serious infection were examined.

Results
The cohort comprised 118 patients (66.1% boys; median age at initial RTX administration, 7.5 years). Among the 121 patients diagnosed with persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia, only 31 (26.3%) recovered within a median observation period of 2.8 years; approximately 70% of patients continued to exhibit persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia. Among the patients who recovered from hypogammaglobulinaemia, the median time to recovery was 14.1 months. Patients with a history of steroid-resistant NS were less likely to recover from persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia (hazard ratio 0.28; 95% confidence interval 0.09–0.87). In addition, of the 118 eligible patients, 18 (15.3%) developed serious infections requiring hospitalization, and the main risk factor for infection during hypogammaglobulinaemia was agranulocytosis (a well-known adverse effect of RTX in children).

Conclusions
A significant portion of patients with RTX-associated persistent hypogammaglobulinaemia did not exhibit recovery even after 1 year. Moreover, the data indicate that patients with a history of steroid-resistant NS have a significantly lower probability of recovering from this condition. Agranulocytosis under hypogammaglobulinaemia was significantly associated with an elevated risk of serious infections.
Demystifying Obesity: Understanding, Prevention, Treatment, and Stigmas
Authors: Minari Tatiana Palotta , Manzano Carolina Freitas , Yugar Louise Buonalumi Tácito , Sedenho-Prado Luis Gustavo , de Azevedo Rubio Tatiane , Tácito Lúcia Helena Bonalumi , Pires Antônio Carlos , Vilela-Martin José Fernando , Cosenso-Martin Luciana Neves , Ludovico Nelson Dinamarco , Fattori André , Yugar-Toledo Juan Carlos , Moreno Heitor , Pisani Luciana Pellegrini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Obesity is a complex chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. There is still significant stigma associated with it, which can lead to discrimination and create additional barriers for people who are already in treatment. On the other hand, it is noted that it can have serious implications for health and predisposition to noncommunicable chronic diseases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to carry out a narrative review involving all current elements for understanding, prevention, treatment, and debate of stigmas related to obesity. A search was conducted in 2024 for original articles, randomized or nonrandomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines in the following databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, CrossRef, and Google Scholar. The publication period was from 2014 to 2024. Obesity is influenced by a complex combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. It is encouraging to see that various emerging points have been identified across different fields such as histology, physiology, genetics, weight loss, and public policy. These obesity areas certainly warrant attention and future studies. Researchers can delve into these topics to deepen their understanding and potentially uncover novel insights. The management should be multifactorial and individualized for each patient. Public policies also play a crucial role in combating obesity, including health promotion, prevention of excessive weight gain, early diagnosis, and proper care of patients. It is crucial that society begins to see the disease as an extremely complex element and not as a moral failure or lack of willpower. This requires a change in the way people talk about obesity, as well as practices that support people instead of stigmatizing them. Obesity does not have a specific address, color, or race. It belongs to everyone and should be regarded as a global public health problem.
Ultra-Low-Field Portable MRI and Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: Preclinical Safety Testing
Authors: Kang Jin Kook , Etchill Eric , Verdi Kate , Velez Ana K. , Kearney Sean , Dodd-o Jeffrey , Bush Errol , By Samantha , Boskamp Eddy , Wilcox Christopher , Choi Chun Woo , Kim Bo Soo , Whitman Glenn J. R. , Cho Sung-Min 
Published: October 2024

CONTEXT:
Conventional MRI is incompatible with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) cannulas and pumps. Ultra-low-field portable MRI (ULF-pMRI) with 0.064 Tesla may provide a solution, but its safety and compatibility is unknown.

HYPOTHESIS:
ULF-pMRI does not cause significant displacement and heating of ECMO cannulas and does not affect ECMO pump function.

METHODS AND MODELS:
ECMO cannulas in various sizes were tested ex vivo using phantom models to assess displacement force and heating according to the American Society for Testing and Materials criteria. ECMO pump function was assessed by pump flow and power consumption. In vivo studies involved five female domestic pigs (20–42 kg) undergoing different ECMO configurations (peripheral and central cannulation) and types of cannulas with an imaging protocol consisting of T2-weighted, T1-weighted, FLuid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery, and diffusion-weighted imaging sequences.

RESULTS:
Phantom models demonstrated that ECMO cannulas, both single lumen with various sizes (15–24-Fr) and double lumen cannula, had average displacement force less than gravitational force within 5 gauss safety line of ULF-pMRI and temperature changes less than 1°C over 15 minutes of scanning and ECMO pump maintained stable flow and power consumption immediately outside of the 5 gauss line. All pig models showed no visible motion due to displacement force or heating of the cannulas. ECMO flow and the animals’ hemodynamic status maintained stability, with no changes greater than 10%, respectively.

INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS:
ULF-pMRI is safe and feasible for use with standard ECMO configurations, supporting its clinical application as a neuroimaging modality in ECMO patients.
Effects of an App-Based Visitation Program for Mothers of High-Risk Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Yu Nameun , Yu Mi 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
This study established an app-based visitation program for mothers of infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)—constrained by COVID-19 visitation restrictions—and assessed its impact on neonatal perception, maternal-infant attachment, and parental stress.

Background:
High-risk infants in the NICU encounter heightened challenges, exacerbated by COVID-19 restrictions, leading to heightened maternal stress, impaired neonatal perception, and hindered mother-infant attachment.

Methods:
A quasi-experimental study was conducted with 40 mothers (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group) unable to visit the NICU of a tertiary general hospital in South Korea. The experimental group utilized the Dodam-Dodam smartphone application, while the control group received neonatal information through telephone calls and text messages. Data collection occurred in July 2022 (control) and September 2022 (experimental) using research instruments (parent’s neonatal perception, maternal-infant attachment, and parental stressor scale: NICU, visiting program satisfaction). Descriptive statistics and tests (χ2, Fisher’s exact, Shapiro-Wilk, parametric independent t and paired t tests, and nonparametric tests: Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon’s signed-rank) were employed for analysis.

Results:
The Dodam-Dodam application significantly impacted maternal-infant attachment parental stress scores and program satisfaction in the experimental group, except for neonatal perception.

Conclusions:
The Dodam-Dodam application was more efficacious than traditional visiting programs in enhancing maternal-infant attachment, increasing maternal satisfaction and reducing parental stress within NICU settings amid restricted visitation.

Implications for Practice and Research:
Recommendations include app-based NICU visitation, exploring app variations, studying diverse populations, and providing optimal information provision.
Revisiting the Prognostic Influences of Donor-Recipient Size Mismatch in Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation
Authors: Nakayama Toshihiro , Akabane Miho , Imaoka Yuki , Esquivel Carlos O. , Melcher Marc L. , Sasaki Kazunari 
Published: October 2024

Background.
Liver transplantation (LT) outcomes are influenced by donor-recipient size mismatch. This study re-evaluated the impact on graft size discrepancies on survival outcomes.

Methods.
Data from 53 389 adult LT recipients from the United Network for Organ Sharing database (2013–2022) were reviewed. The study population was divided by the body surface area index (BSAi), defined as the ratio of donor body surface area (BSA) to recipient BSA, into small-for-size (BSAi < 0.78), normal-for-size (BSAi 0.78–1.24), and large-for-size (BSAi > 1.24) grafts in deceased donor LT (SFSD, NFSD, and LFSD). Multivariate Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analyses were conducted.

Results.
The frequency of size mismatch in deceased donor LT increased over the past 10 y. SFSD had significantly worse 90-d graft survival (P < 0.01), and LFSD had inferior 1-y graft survival among 90-d survivors (P = 0.01). SFSD was hazardous within 90 d post-LT because of vascular complications. Beyond 1 y, graft size did not affect graft survival. LFSD risk within the first year was mitigated with lower model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) 3.0 scores (<35) or shorter cold ischemia time (<8 h).

Conclusions.
The negative impacts on donor-recipient size mismatch on survival outcomes are confined to the first year post-LT. SFSD is associated with a slight decrease in 90-d survival rates. LFSD should be utilized more frequently by minimizing cold ischemia time to <8 h, particularly in patients with MELD 3.0 scores below 35. These findings could improve donor-recipient matching and enhance LT outcomes.