bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a Graphene‐Based Tunable Frequency Selective Surface and Its Application for Variable Radiation Pattern of a Dipole at Terahertz
Authors: Qu Meijun , Song Jiming , Yao Lidan , Li Shufang , Deng Li , Yang Yandong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this paper, a frequency selective surface (FSS) with tunable bandstop performance by integrating graphene is discussed. The graphene implanted in the circular FSS unit makes the transmission and reflection bands of the proposed FSS tunable owing to its alterable complex conductivity controlled by the chemical potential. The transmission zero of the proposed FSS performing as a reflection plane happens at the frequency from 1.65 THz to 2.19 THz when the chemical potentials of graphene change from 0 eV to 1 eV. Moreover, reconfigurable radiation pattern of a traditional dipole antenna is accomplished loaded with the proposed FSS by altering the complex conductivity of graphene. The dipole has a directional radiation pattern with enhanced directivity at 2.1 THz by adding the proposed FSS with μc = 0.8 eV. However, the omnidirectional radiation pattern is maintained by changing the value of chemical potential to 0 eV while the FSS is nearly transparent. Therefore, a radiation diversity property could be achieved by controlling the chemical potential of graphene loaded in FSS.
Cretaceous‐Paleocene Evolution and Crustal Structure of the Northern Vøring Margin (Offshore Mid‐Norway): Results from Integrated Geological and Geophysical Study
Authors: Zastrozhnov D. , Gernigon L. , Gogin I. , Abdelmalak M. M. , Planke S. , Faleide J. I. , Eide S. , Myklebust R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe present results of a multidisciplinary study of the northern segment of the Vøring volcanic rifted margin, offshore mid‐Norway. This segment represents a transitional margin domain that is less investigated compared to the adjacent segments of the margin. In order to understand the geological evolution of the study area, we performed an integrated interpretation of an extensive geological and geophysical data set. This data set includes recently acquired and reprocessed 2‐D reflection seismic, published refraction data and potential field data, as well as new borehole data. Two‐dimensional potential field modeling was performed to better assess the crustal architecture and evolution of the northern Vøring Margin. We then consider how crustal‐scale structures and processes affected the basin formation. The outer and distal northern Vøring Margin represents a series of deep Cretaceous (Træna Basin and Någrind Syncline) and Cretaceous‐Paleocene (Hel Graben) sag subbasins underlain by a significantly thinned continental crust. These subbasins developed in between structural highs (Utgard, Nyk, and Grimm Highs), which are underlain by a thicker crust and interpreted as a series of rigid continental blocks (“buffers”). In addition to the regional Late Jurassic‐Early Cretaceous rifting events, we found structural evidence of local Neocomian and mid‐Cretaceous extensional reactivation affecting the northern segment of the Vøring Basin. During the mid‐Late Cretaceous‐Paleocene, the extensional axis within the Vøring Basin province migrated sequentially northwestward to the present‐day continent‐ocean “boundary”. We also show fundamental differences between the volcanic rifted mid‐Norwegian Margin and nonvolcanic (Iberian‐type) margins and how preexisting structures events can shape the evolution and architecture of the margin.
Visuospatial counter‐interrogation strategies by liars familiar with the alibi setting
Authors: Deeb Haneen , Granhag Pär Anders , Vrij Aldert , Strömwall Leif A. , Hope Lorraine , Mann Samantha 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThis study examines counter‐interrogation strategies employed by liars giving false alibis. Participants (N = 144) visited a restaurant to buy a sandwich (truth‐tellers) or to use it as a false alibi (liars). Half of the liars were informed they might be asked for a drawing of the alibi setting if interviewed (informed liars). Participants spent either 10 min (high familiarity condition) or 30 s (low familiarity condition) in the restaurant. All participants were asked to provide two visuospatial statements, which were assessed for salient details, nonsalient details, between‐statement consistency, and statement‐alibi setting consistency. Informed liars provided significantly more salient and nonsalient details than uninformed liars and truth‐tellers, particularly in the high familiarity condition. No differences emerged for statement consistency types. The results suggest that liars are more concerned than truth‐tellers about making a positive impression on the interviewer, and they fail to accurately reflect on truth‐tellers' visuospatial statements.
The role of intonation for interrogative suggestibility
Authors: Gubi‐Kelm Silvia , Schmidt Alexander F. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe detrimental consequences of suggestive witness manipulation have been frequently discussed in the literature. Notably, these discussions have been limited to the consequences of suggestive question types and interrogator conduct. This study is the first to investigate the influence of interrogator's intonation on interrogative suggestibility. Specifically, utilizing a modified German version of the forensic Gudjonsson suggestibility scale as dependent variable, we experimentally manipulated phrase‐final contours (low vs. high) and accentuation of details (neutral vs. emphatic) in the questions of the interrogator in a student sample (N = 88). Phrase‐final falling intonation contours increased suggestibility both through suggestive questions and through negative feedback. In contrast, accentuation of selected details increased only the latter. The combination of both tonal patterns only partially influenced suggestive response behavior after the exposure to interrogative pressure. However, particularly the combination of phrase‐final rising and neutral intonation consistently led to lowest interrogative suggestibility. Results are discussed in terms of their theoretical and applied implications for forensic contexts.
Dynamic Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene)s Integrate Low Impedance with Redox‐Switchable Biofunction
Authors: Lin Hsing‐An , Zhu Bo , Wu Yu‐Wei , Sekine Jun , Nakao Aiko , Luo Shyh‐Chyang , Yamashita Yoshiro , Yu Hsiao‐Hua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTo generate the electrical communication, biocompatibility, and controlled cell attachment properties required for advanced bioelectronic technologies, a dynamic poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) film is developed based on a biomimetic approach. The dynamic PEDOT integrates low impedance, nonspecific‐binding resistance, and redox‐responsive characteristics while coupling with cells stably and specifically. The combination of these features ensures stable and efficient electrical communication with cells and promises potentially reduced disruption of complexes in physiological environments due to the material's strong resistance to nonspecific interactions; more significantly, the integration of these features in one material enables the spatiotemporal attachment and detachment of cells on demand without damage to cell viability and neurites after 5 d of electrical stimulation and culturing. The dynamic and biomimetic PEDOT material can be an ideal electronic interface with optimized electrochemical and biological characteristics toward biocompatible and controllable electrocoupling with cells at low impedance.
Micro/Nanomachines and Living Biosystems: From Simple Interactions to Microcyborgs
Authors: Wang Hong , Pumera Martin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMiniaturization of machines into the micro/nanoscale is an essential ingredient toward better understanding and control of the microscopic world. As an emerging research area, micro/nanomachines have attracted substantial efforts of researchers from multiple disciplines. Mimicking the biological machines in nature, artificial micro/nanomachines are becoming increasingly sophisticated so that they can serve as useful tools to address problems encountered in the intricate biosystems. This review highlights the recent efforts for and toward application of micro/nanomachines in living biosystems, including microorganisms, biological cells, and human body. With progressive steps toward translating micro/nanomachines research into practice, using these tiny machines to tackle thorny problems in biosystems may not only exist in the Hollywood science fiction film.
Achieving a Record Fill Factor for Silicon–Organic Hybrid Heterojunction Solar Cells by Using a Full‐Area Metal Polymer Nanocomposite Top Electrode
Authors: Zhu Juye , Yang Xi , Yang Zhenhai , Wang Dan , Gao Pingqi , Ye Jichun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCarrier collection in conventional n‐type Si (n‐Si)/organic hybrid heterojunction solar cells (HHSCs) is mainly limited by the nonoptimized top grid‐electrode and inadequate work function (WF) of the PH1000‐type poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS). Here, a novel modified metal polymer nanocomposite top electrode (M‐MPNTE) is designed to achieve a full‐area carrier collection in n‐Si/PEDOT:PSS HHSCs. The carrier collection in both lateral and vertical directions is significantly improved by the introduction of an ultrathin Au/MoOx modified layer between 6 nm ultrathin Ag film and AI4083‐type PEDOT:PSS layer. In addition, the carrier separation is boosted by the enhanced built‐in potential owing to a high WF of M‐MPNTE, which also suppresses the carrier recombination at the surface of n‐Si. Due to these collaborative improvements, a record fill factor of 80.21% is obtained, which is even comparable to the best value of the traditional Si‐based solar cells. With the addition of a MoOx antireflective coating layer on top of M‐MPNTE, the short‐circuit current density and open‐circuit voltage are finally increased to 23.13 mA cm−2 and 621.07 mV, respectively, yielding a power conversion efficiency of 10.82%. The finding suggests a novel strategy for the development of highly efficient HHSCs with ideal carrier transport mechanism.
Reconfigurable Swarms of Ferromagnetic Colloids for Enhanced Local Hyperthermia
Authors: Wang Ben , Chan Kai Fung , Yu Jiangfan , Wang Qianqian , Yang Lidong , Chiu Philip Wai Yan , Zhang Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFerromagnetic particles (FMPs) have attracted a large amount of attention for tumor treatment in recent decades in the form of magnetic hyperthermia and thermoablation therapies. Previous research has commonly focused on the improvement of the specific loss power and the increase in the particle concentration to enhance the heating temperature during hyperthermia. Instead of magnetic hyperthermia with passive particles, here a feasible approach of using reconfigurable swarms of ferromagnetic colloidal particles is reported to realize enhanced local hyperthermia. The concentration of the particle swarm can be tuned up to 500% of the original particle concentration via reversible pattern transformation, i.e., shrinking and swelling. The FMP swarms with a controllable pattern size show their potential for directed energy delivery and offer a new strategy for realizing a highly localized heating effect using a low dose of the active FMPs.
Lithium Tin Sulfide—a High‐Refractive‐Index 2D Material for Humidity‐Responsive Photonic Crystals
Authors: Szendrei‐Temesi Katalin , Sanchez‐Sobrado Olalla , Betzler Sophia B. , Durner Katharina M. , Holzmann Tanja , Lotsch Bettina V. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractExtending the portfolio of novel stimuli‐responsive, high‐refractive‐index (RI) materials besides titania is key to improve the optical quality and sensing performance of existing photonic devices. Herein, lithium tin sulfide (LTS) nanosheets are introduced as a novel solution processable ultrahigh RI material (n = 2.50), which can be casted into homogeneous thin films using wet‐chemical deposition methods. Owing to its 2D morphology, thin films of LTS nanosheets are able to swell in response to changes of relative humidity. Integration of LTS nanosheets into Bragg stacks (BSs) based on TiO2, SiO2, nanoparticles or H3Sb3P2O14 nanosheets affords multilayer systems with high optical quality at an extremely low device thickness of below 1 µm. Owing to the ultrahigh RI of LTS nanosheets and the high transparency of the thin films, BSs based on porous titania as the low‐RI material are realized for the first time, showing potential application in light‐managing devices. Moreover, the highest RI contrast ever realized in BSs based on SiO2 and LTS nanosheets is reported. Finally, exceptional swelling capability of an all‐nanosheet BS based on LTS and H3Sb3P2O14 nanosheets is demonstrated, which bodes well for a new generation of humidity sensors with extremely high sensitivity.
Complementary Electromagnetic‐Triboelectric Active Sensor for Detecting Multiple Mechanical Triggering
Authors: Wang Peihong , Liu Ruiyuan , Ding Wenbo , Zhang Peng , Pan Lun , Dai Guozhang , Zou Haiyang , Dong Kai , Xu Cheng , Wang Zhong Lin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWith the fast development of integrated circuit technology and internet of things, sensors with multifunctional characteristics are desperately needed. This work presents an integrated electromagnetic‐triboelectric active sensor (ETAS) for simultaneous detection of multiple mechanical triggering signals. The good combination of a contact‐separation mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electromagnetic generator (EMG) realizes the complement of their individual advantages. The theoretical calculation and analysis of EMG and TENG are performed to understand the relationship between their output and the external mechanical signals. The experimental results show that the output voltage of TENG part is suitable to detect the magnitude of the external triggering force with a sensitivity of about 2.01 V N−1. Meanwhile, the output current of EMG part is more appropriate to reflect the triggering velocity and the sensitivity is about 4.3 mA (m s−1)−1. Moreover, both the TENG part and the EMG part exhibit good stabilities after more than 20 000 cycles of force loading and unloading. One ETAS that can record the typing behavior of the finger precisely is demonstrated. In addition, the TENG part can harvest the mechanical energy during typing for possible powering of tiny electronics. This ETAS has promising applications in complex human–machine interface, personal identification, and security system.
Graphene Microstrip Patch Ultrawide Band Antennas for THz Communications
Authors: Dashti Mojtaba , Carey J. David 
Published: January 2018

AbstractFuture generation local communication systems will need to employ THz frequency bands capable of transferring sizable amounts of data. Current THz technology via electrical excitation is limited by the upper limits of device cutoff frequencies and by the lower limits of optical transitions in quantum confined structures. Current metallic THz antennas require high power to overcome scattering losses and tend to have low antenna efficiency. It is shown here via calculation and simulation that graphene can sustain electromagnetic propagation at THz frequencies via engineering the intra‐ and interband contributions to the dynamical conductivity to produce a variable surface impedance microstrip antenna with a several hundred GHz bandwidth. The optimization of a circular graphene microstrip patch antenna on silicon with an optimized return loss of −26 dB, a −10 dB bandwidth of 504 GHz, and an antenna efficiency of −3.4 dB operating at a frequency of 2 THz is reported. An improved antenna efficiency of −0.36 dB can be found at 3.5 THz but is accompanied by a lower bandwidth of about 200 GHz. Such large bandwidths and antenna efficiencies offer significant hope for graphene‐based flexible directional antennas that can be employed for future THz local device‐to‐device communications.
Exciton‐Adjustable Interlayers for High Efficiency, Low Efficiency Roll‐Off, and Lifetime Improved Warm White Organic Light‐Emitting Diodes (WOLEDs) Based on a Delayed Fluorescence Assistant Host
Authors: Wang Zhiheng , Li Xiang‐Long , Ma Zerui , Cai Xinyi , Cai Chengsong , Su Shi‐Jian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRecently, a new route to achieve 100% internal quantum efficiency white organic light‐emitting diodes (WOLEDs) is proposed by utilizing noble‐metal‐free thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters due to the radiative contributions of triplet excitons by effective reverse intersystem crossing. However, a systematic understanding of their reliability and internal degradation mechanisms is still deficient. Here, it demonstrates high performance and operational stable purely organic fluorescent WOLEDs consisting of a TADF assistant host via a strategic exciton management by multi‐interlayers. By introducing such interlayers, carrier recombination zone could be controlled to suppress the generally unavoidable quenching of long‐range triplet excitons, successfully achieving remarkable external quantum efficiency of 15.1%, maximum power efficiency of 48.9 lm W−1, and extended LT50 lifetime (time to 50% of initial luminance of 1000 cd m−2) exceeding 2000 h. To this knowledge, this is the first pioneering work for realizing high efficiency, low efficiency roll‐off, and operational stable WOLEDs based on a TADF assistant host. The current findings also indicate that broadening the carrier recombination region in both interlayers and yellow emitting layer as well as restraining exciplex quenching at carrier blocking interface make significant roles on reduced efficiency roll‐off and enhanced operational lifetime.
Physical Properties of Implanted Porous Bioscaffolds Regulate Skin Repair: Focusing on Mechanical and Structural Features
Authors: Jiang Shumeng , Li Sabrina Cloud , Huang Chenyu , Chan Barbara Pui , Du Yanan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPorous bioscaffolds are applied to facilitate skin repair since the early 1990s, but a perfect regeneration outcome has yet to be achieved. Until now, most efforts have focused on modulating the chemical properties of bioscaffolds, while physical properties are traditionally overlooked. Recent advances in mechanobiology and mechanotherapy have highlighted the importance of biomaterials' physical properties in the regulation of cellular behaviors and regenerative processes. In skin repair, the mechanical and structural features of porous bioscaffolds are two major physical properties that determine therapeutic efficacy. Here, first an overview of natural skin repair with an emphasis on the major biophysically sensitive cell types involved in this multistage process is provided, followed by an introduction of the four roles of bioscaffolds as skin implants. Then, how the mechanical and structural features of bioscaffolds influence these four roles is discussed. The mechanical and structural features of porous bioscaffolds should be tailored to balance the acceleration of wound closure and functional improvements of the repaired skin. This study emphasizes that decoupling and precise control of the mechanical and structural features of bioscaffolds are significant aspects that should be considered in future biomaterial optimization, which can build a foundation to ultimately achieve perfect skin regeneration outcomes.
A Multifunctional Micellar Nanoplatform with pH‐Triggered Cell Penetration and Nuclear Targeting for Effective Cancer Therapy and Inhibition to Lung Metastasis
Authors: Jing Yuting , Xiong Xiang , Ming Yang , Zhao Jingya , Guo Xing , Yang Guang , Zhou Shaobing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe enhancement of cellular internalization and subsequent achievement of a nuclear targeting of nanocarriers play an important role in maximizing the therapeutic potency and minimizing the side effects of encapsulated drugs. Herein, a multifunctional micellar nanoplatform simultaneously with high cell penetration and nuclear targeting through pH‐triggered surface charge reversal is presented. The miscellar system is constructed from poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(ε‐caprolactone) with 2,3‐dimethylmaleic anhydride‐Tat decoration (PECL/DA‐Tat). DA groups are used to mask the positive charge of Tat to prolong blood circulation of the nanocarriers. In the mildly acidic environment of tumor tissue, the system exhibits ultrasensitive negative to positive charge reversal, facilitating the cell internalization and subsequent nuclear targeting. The chemotherapeutic 10‐hydroxycamptothecin conjugated to methoxy polyethylene glycol, which is loaded in this micelle, obviously enhances cytotoxicity against tumor cells. The in vivo therapy in mice bearing 4T1 breast tumor reveals that the system has a significant enhancement of both the endocytosis and nuclear enrichment, showing a highly effective antitumor efficacy and inhibition to lung metastasis.
Designing 3D Biological Surfaces via the Breath‐Figure Method
Authors: Chen Shuangshuang , Gao Su , Jing Jiange , Lu Qinghua 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe fabrication of biointerfaces that mimic cellular physiological environments is critical to understanding cell behaviors in vitro and for the design of tissue engineering. Breath figure is a self‐assemble method that uses water droplets condensed from moisture as template and ends up with a highly ordered hexagonal pore array; this approach is used to fabricate various biological substrates. This progress report provides an overview of strategies to achieve topographical modifications and chemical‐patterned arrays, such as modulation of the pore size, shape and selective decoration of the honeycomb holes. Using recent results in the biological fields, potential future applications and developments of honeycomb structures are commented upon.
Superhydrophobic/Superhydrophilic Janus Fabrics Reducing Blood Loss
Authors: Zhu Tang , Wu Junrong , Zhao Ning , Cai Chao , Qian Zhenchao , Si Fangfang , Luo Heng , Guo Jing , Lai Xuan , Shao Longquan , Xu Jian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHemostatic fabrics are most commonly used in baseline emergency treatment; however, the unnecessary blood loss due to the excessive blood absorption by traditional superhydrophilic fabrics is overlooked. Herein, for the first time, superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus fabrics (superhydrophobic on one side and superhydrophilic on the other) are proposed: the superhydrophilic part absorbs water in the blood to expedite the clotting while the superhydrophobic part prevents blood from further permeating. Compared with the common counterparts, effective bleeding control with reducing blood loss more than 50% can be achieved while the breathability largely remain by using Janus fabrics. The proposed prototypes can even prolong the survival time in the rat model with serious bleeding. This strategy for reducing blood loss via simply tuning wettability is promising for the practical applications.