bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reuse potential of vegetable wastes (broccoli, green bean and tomato) for the recovery of antioxidant phenolic acids and flavonoids
Authors: Aires Alfredo , Carvalho Rosa , Saavedra Maria José 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of crop wastes (stems and leaves) from broccoli, beans and tomato to extract antioxidant polyphenols. Two different methods of extraction were performed: ultrasound (40 kHz) and conventional with 70 °C. In both methods, alkaline and acidic solvents were used. The polyphenol composition was assessed by HPLC‐DAD/UV‐VIS, and the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl assay was used to measure the antioxidant activity. The results showed a significant variation of polyphenol composition and antioxidant activity with the type of sample, pH of solvent and extraction method. Also it was possible to observe that acidic methanol and 70 °C enables the extraction of significant amounts of phenolic acids and flavonoids. Based in our results, broccoli, green bean and tomato wastes can be used to extract antioxidant polyphenols, and the use of such wastes to extract polyphenols can be an opportunity to develop an environmental friendly management's systems creating incoming for producers and agro‐food sector.
Effects of almond gum as texture and sensory quality improver in wheat bread
Authors: Bouaziz Fatma , Koubaa Mohamed , Ben Jeddou Khaoula , Barba Francisco J. , Chaari Fatma , Besbes Souhail , Ellouz Ghorbel Rhoudha , Ellouz Chaabouni Semia 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe aim of this work was to investigate the effect of almond gum as dietary fibre source in enhancing the wheat bread quality. Different amounts of almond gum (2%, 5% and 10% (w/w)) were used in bread formulation. The volume, texture, crust and crumb colour, as well as the sensorial properties, were evaluated and compared to control (without almond gum). The obtained results showed that almond gum addition enhanced significantly the volume of bread. The highest volume was obtained using 2% almond gum concentration with 23.6% increase, compared to control. Using almond gum in bread formulation improved considerably its texture with a notable decrease in hardness by 61.7% and 42.5% when using 2% and 5% almond gum, respectively. The sensory analysis scores showed that the better overall acceptability was found for breads supplemented with 2% almond gum, as compared to control and breads supplemented with 5% or 10% almond gum.
DNA barcoding for the species identification of commercially important fishery products in Indonesian markets
Authors: Abdullah Asadatun , Rehbein Hartmut 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe DNA barcoding approach was used for the species identification of 44 Indonesian commercial fishery products. Additionally, the intronless nuclear rhodopsin gene fragment (RH1) was added to the analysis to enable the identification of species not yet barcoded and possible hybrids. The 655‐bp cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene fragment marker was successfully amplified and used to identify 86% of the total fish samples at the species level using the BOLD and BLAST public databases. Moreover, the RH1 marker was used to complete COI analysis. For a number of fish species, the COI sequences (six species) and RH1 sequences (eight species) were the first entries submitted to GenBank. This study demonstrated that COI barcoding is a promising tool for Indonesian fishery products and confirmed that it could be adopted in the future for regular seafood control as part of the Indonesian integrated food traceability system.
Taking the sweetness out of the ‘Share a Coke’ marketing campaign: the influence of personalized labelling on elementary school children's bottled drink choices
Authors: McDarby F. , O'Hora D. , O'Shea D. , Byrne M. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundDrink personalization (featuring names on bottle labels) has been used by soft drink companies to make their drinks attractive to children, potentially increasing consumption. To date, no publically available research has evaluated the influence of personalization on children's drink choices.ObjectivesTo determine (i) whether personalizing bottled drinks influences children's drink choices; (ii) whether it is comparably effective in promoting healthy and unhealthy drinks and (iii) whether drink choices are affected by self‐esteem, body mass index and parental factors.MethodsChildren aged 8–13 years (N = 404) were randomly assigned to one of three drink labeling conditions: Prime Healthy, Prime Unhealthy and Control. All participants selected one beverage from 12 options, comprising six healthy and unhealthy drinks.ResultsPersonalizing healthy drinks increased choice of healthy drinks (OR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.24–4.00), and personalizing unhealthy drinks reduced choice of healthy drinks (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15–.0.75). Higher self‐esteem predicted choosing own‐named drinks (OR = 1.08, 95% CI, 1.00–1.18; p = .049).ConclusionsChildren's drink choices are influenced by personalizing drink bottles. Tighter regulation of this marketing strategy for soft drinks may reduce children choice of these drinks. Personalization may also be used to encourage children to choose healthy drinks.
If You Go Down to the Woods Today: Infants’ Distress During a Teddy Bear's Picnic in Relation to Peer Relations and Later Emotional Problems
Authors: Hay Dale F. , van Goozen Stephanie H. M. , Mundy Lisa , Phillips Rebecca , Roberts Siwan , Meeuwsen Mirjam , Goodyer Ian , Perra Oliver 
Published: November 2016

Infants’ emotional reactions to an unusual event were assessed at a simulated birthday party during which two costumed characters enacted a Teddy Bear's Picnic. Two hundred and fifty‐eight firstborn infants in a representative British community sample were observed at a mean age of 12.8 months in the presence of their parents and other participating families, in a laboratory sitting room decorated with balloons and banners. The picnic scenario was followed by free play with the other participating infants. At a mean of 36 months of age, mothers, fathers, and another informant who knew the child well completed the Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL). The majority of infants showed no vocal distress during the picnic scenario. A minority of infants expressed strong distress, which was correlated with elevated heart rate and production of cortisol. Infants who were not distressed were more likely to direct social behavior to their peers and especially likely to use physical force against peers. In comparison with strongly distressed and nondistressed infants, those who had shown mild distress during the picnic scenario were least likely to manifest later emotional problems. This pattern was particularly marked for boys. Taken together, the findings indicate that infants’ strong distress during naturalistic encounters that are meant to be entertaining can suppress sociability and might indicate risk for subsequent emotional problems.
Severe mortality impact of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile
Authors: Chowell Gerardo , Simonsen Lone , Fuentes Rodrigo , Flores Jose , Miller Mark A. , Viboud Cécile 
Published: November 2016

IntroductionEpidemiological studies of the 1957 influenza pandemic are scarce, particularly from lower‐income settings.MethodsWe analyzed the spatial–temporal mortality patterns of the 1957 influenza pandemic in Chile, including detailed age‐specific mortality data from a large city, and investigated risk factors for severe mortality impact across regions.ResultsChile exhibited two waves of excess mortality in winter 1957 and 1959 with a cumulative excess mortality rate of 12 per 10 000, and a ~10‐fold mortality difference across provinces. High excess mortality rates were associated with high baseline mortality (R2=41.8%; P=.02), but not with latitude (P>.7). Excess mortality rates increased sharply with age. Transmissibility declined from R=1.4‐2.1 to R=1.2‐1.4 between the two pandemic waves.ConclusionsThe estimated A/H2N2 mortality burden in Chile is the highest on record for this pandemic—about three to five times as severe as that experienced in wealthier nations. The global impact of this pandemic may be substantially underestimated from previous studies based on high‐income countries.
Clinical and Histological changes after ridge preservation with two xenografts: preliminary results from a multicentre randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Barone Antonio , Toti Paolo , Quaranta Alessandro , Alfonsi Fortunato , Cucchi Alessandro , Negri Bruno , Di Felice Roberto , Marchionni Saverio , Calvo‐Guirado Jose' Luis , Covani Ugo , Nannmark Ulf 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate and compare clinical and histological changes after ridge preservation procedures with those of spontaneous healing.Materials and MethodsNinety patients were enrolled in the present randomized controlled clinical trial and underwent single‐tooth extraction in the premolar/molar areas. Thirty sites were grafted with collagenated cortico‐cancellous (coll), 30 sites with cortical (cort) porcine bone and 30 sites underwent natural healing. Primary (vertical and horizontal bone changes after 3 months) and secondary outcomes (histomorphometric after 3 months) were evaluated at implant placement.ResultsThe vertical bone changes at the grafted sockets were significantly (p < 0.0001) lower (0.30 mm for cort group and 0.57 mm for coll group) when compared to non‐grafted sockets (2.10 mm for nat group). Moreover, the width reduction of the coll (0.93 mm) and cort (1.33 mm) groups was significantly lower (p < 0.0001) than the non‐grafted group (3.60 mm). The analysis of subgroups attested that when premolar and molar sites were compared, the buccal bone loss appeared to be dependent both on tooth position and grafting material employed.ConclusionThe ridge preservation procedures had significantly better outcomes when compared to natural healing. The biomaterials did not differ for maintenance of bone width; even though, the bone height seemed to be better preserved with the cortical porcine bone.
Fear of knowledge: Clinical hypotheses in diagnostic and prognostic reasoning
Authors: Chiffi Daniele , Zanotti Renzo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPatients are interested in receiving accurate diagnostic and prognostic information. Models and reasoning about diagnoses have been extensively investigated from a foundational perspective; however, for all its importance, prognosis has yet to receive a comparable degree of philosophical and methodological attention, and this may be due to the difficulties inherent in accurate prognostics. In the light of these considerations, we discuss a considerable body of critical thinking on the topic of prognostication and its strict relations with diagnostic reasoning, pointing out the distinction between nosographic and pathophysiological types of diagnosis and prognosis, underlying the importance of the explication and explanation processes. We then distinguish between various forms of hypothetical reasoning applied to reach diagnostic and prognostic judgments, comparing them with specific forms of abductive reasoning. The main thesis is that creative abduction regarding clinical hypotheses in diagnostic process is very unlikely to occur, whereas this seems to be often the case for prognostic judgments. The reasons behind this distinction are due to the different types of uncertainty involved in diagnostic and prognostic judgments.
Ultrastructural and biomolecular detection of Rickettsiales‐like organisms in tissues of rainbow trout with Red Mark Syndrome
Authors: Galeotti M , Manzano M , Beraldo P , Bulfon C , Rossi G , Volpatti D , Magi G E 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRed mark syndrome (RMS) and US strawberry disease (US SD) are skin disorders affecting rainbow trout farmed in Europe and USA. The disease etiology has not yet been established. In spite of specific investigations, identifying Rickettsia‐like organism (RLO)‐ and Midichloria‐like organism (MLO)‐related DNA in affected individuals, these pathogens have never been observed. We performed histological, ultrastructural and biomolecular analysis on skin and spleen samples of trout with RMS. Examination by TEM revealed the presence of intracytoplasmic microorganisms resembling Rickettsiales within macrophages, fibroblasts and erythrocytes. The microorganisms were oval or short rod shaped (400–800 nm in length and 100–200 nm in width) and often showed a cell wall similar to Gram‐negative bacteria. PCR analysis for Rickettsiales supported these findings: 53% of affected trout were positive by both PCR and TEM The primers RiFCfw‐RiFCrev were used to anneal both the RLO 16S DNA sequence and the MLO 16S DNA sequence. For this reason, and in agreement with previous studies confirming the presence of Rickettsiales‐related DNA in trout with RMS, we assume that TEM detected microorganisms morphologically consistent with bacteria belonging to Rickettsiales order and could be considered as possible causative agents of RMS.
The benefit of thresholding carbon layers in electron tomographic tilt series by intensity downshifting
Authors: GONTARD LIONEL C. , CINTAS JESÚS , BORKOWSKI RAFAL E. DUNIN 
Published: November 2016

SummaryWhen performing electron tomography, tilt series of images are often acquired from samples that contain unwanted carbonaceous material, such as an embedding resin, a thin carbon support film or hydrocarbon contamination. The presence of such layers can introduce artefacts in reconstructions, obscuring features of interest. Here, we illustrate the benefit of preprocessing a high‐angle annular dark‐field tomographic tilt series by thresholding unwanted low‐density materials using a simple intensity downshifting procedure. The resulting tomograms have fewer artefacts and segmentation can be performed more accurately. We present two representative examples taken from studies of catalyst nanoparticles and amyloid plaque core material from the human brain.
Effect of nanoclay concentration level on the electrical properties of polypropylene under electron irradiation in a SEM
Authors: AMMAR L. BEN , FAKHFAKH S. , JBARA O. , RONDOT S. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryFor studying the electrical properties (charge trapping, transport and secondary electron emission) of the polypropylene‐based nanocomposites with different contents of natural clay, the specimens were submitted to electron irradiation of a scanning electron microscope. A device, suitably mounted on the sample holder of the scanning electron microscope, was used to measure two currents (i.e. leakage and displacement currents) induced in the polypropylene‐based nanocomposites (polymer nanocomposites) under electron irradiation. The evolution of trapped charge during irradiation for each type of studied polymer nanocomposites is deduced. The amount of trapped charge at the steady state is also determined by measuring the change of secondary electron image size associated to the electron trajectory simulation. It is found, surprisingly, that not only the leakage current increases as a function of clay loading level but also trapped charge. However, this could be related to the increase of conductivity in one hand and to proliferation of interfaces between nanoparticles and neighbouring materials on the other hand. These two processes play crucial role in controlling the carrier transport (through polymer nanocomposites or/and along its surface) closely related to the charge storage and leakage current.Additional experiment using dielectric spectroscopy were performed to show the effect of clay concentration in changing the dielectric relaxation behaviour and to evidence the existence of interfaces between nanoparticles and polymer.The secondary electron emission during electron irradiation is also studied through the total electron yield that is deduced by correlating the measured leakage and displacement currents.
Improvements of Procedural Results With a New‐Generation Self‐Expanding Transfemoral Aortic Valve Prosthesis in Comparison to the Old‐Generation Device
Authors: Gomes Bruna , Geis Nicolas A. , Chorianopoulos Emmanuel , Meder Benjamin , Leuschner Florian , Katus Hugo A. , Bekeredjian Raffi 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesIn this study, we compare procedural results of our first Evolut R (Medtronic, Minneapolis, MN, USA) implantations with the last CoreValve implantations. Main endpoints include paravalvular regurgitation, major vascular complications, stroke, and pacemaker implantation.BackgroundThe evolution of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) was possible due to various technical improvements, leading to better periprocedural and long‐term outcome. The newly designed Evolut R valve has the potential to further improve TAVR's performance.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed our first 100 consecutive patients who received the Evolut R valve with the last 100 consecutive patients who received the CoreValve prosthesis between July 2013 and February 2016. Only patients treated with a 26 mm or 29 mm bioprosthesis were included.ResultsNo significant differences in patient characteristics were noticed. Both angiography and echocardiography after TAVR showed significantly higher rates of “none or trace” regurgitation in the Evolut R group (angiography: 67% Evolut R vs. 29.3% CoreValve; P < 0.001; echocardiography: 68% Evolut R vs. 46.5% CoreValve; P < 0.05). No significant differences were seen in 30‐day mortality (7% CoreValve vs. 1% Evolut R), stroke rates (3% CoreValve vs. 2% Evolut R), pacemaker implantation rates (24% CoreValve vs. 23% Evolut R), and major vascular complications (6% CoreValve vs. 1% Evolut R). Implantations were significantly higher with the Evolut R prosthesis.ConclusionsTAVR with the new Evolut R resulted in significantly lower paravalvular regurgitation. This may be due to redesigned cell geometry and higher precision during implantations, as well as the ability to resheath a malpositioned valve.
The “Dog Bone Technique” A Novel Easy and Safe Catheter Maneuver for Aortic Arch and Coarctation Stenting
Authors: Kantzis Marinos , Lehner Anja , Laser Kai Thorsten , Racolta Anca , Vcasna Radka , Fischer Marcus , Kececioglu Deniz , Haas Nikolaus A. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundVarious techniques are described to facilitate stable stent implantation in aortic arch stenosis or coarctation. We describe an alternative technique, which due to its unique appearance during stent implantation, we have named “Dog Bone Technique” (DBT).TechniqueThe stent/balloon assembly is placed across the stenosis, the long sheath is retrieved to uncover the distal 20–50% of the stent. The balloon is inflated with the pressure inflator just to expand slightly the stent. Thereafter the sheath is pulled back and the proximal end is uncovered and partially inflated; therewith the assembly takes the typical “dog bone” shape before complete inflation and final positioning. Repositioning of the stent and control angiography is possible at each time of this procedure.ResultsBetween 1/2010 and 12/2014 we implanted 91 stents in 87 patients (mean age 20.2 years). About 71 patients had native or re‐coarctation and 16 patients had transverse aortic arch stenosis. In 38 patients (44%) a pharmacological exercise test with Orciprenaline was performed during implantation resulting in high‐cardiac output. In none of the patients reduction of cardiac output by adenosine or a rapid pacing of the right ventricle was required for stable stent implantation. All stents were implanted in the targeted position using this single balloon technique. There were no acute or short‐term complications detected.ConclusionDBT is a safe and feasible technique for aortic stent implantation even at high‐cardiac output. Other additional techniques for stent placement are not necessary to obtain a stable final position in the target region.
Establishment and characterization of a cell population derived from a dentigerous cyst
Authors: Muñiz‐Lino Marcos A. , Rodríguez‐Vázquez Mariana , Chávez‐Munguía Bibiana , Ortiz‐García Josué Z. , González‐López Lorena , Hernández‐Hernández Fidel C. , Licéaga‐Escalera Carlos , García‐Muñoz Alejandro , Rodríguez Mario A. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundDentigerous cyst (DC) occurs in approximately 20% of jaw cysts, being the second major common odontogenic cyst, after radicular cyst. This oral lesion has the ability to destroy maxillary bones and could be the origin of several odontogenic tumors. However, molecules implicated in its pathogenesis as well as those involved in its neoplastic transformation remain unknown. Here, we established a cell population derived from a DC as an in vitro model for the study of this oral lesion.MethodsCell culture was performed from a DC from a 44‐year‐old male. Cells were cultured at 37°C in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Expression of epithelial markers was analyzed by Western blot and immunofluorescence. Ultrastructural characterization was carried out by transmission electron microscopy. Conditioned media were obtained and characterized by zymography and Western blot.ResultsCells showed spindle‐shaped morphology, but they express epithelial markers, such as cytokeratins and the odontogenic ameloblast‐associated protein. The ultrastructural analysis showed well‐formed desmosomes present in adhering contiguous cells, confirming the epithelial lineage of this cell population. Cells also contain several vesicles adjacent to plasma membrane, suggesting an active secretion. Indeed, the analysis of the conditioned medium revealed the presence of several secreted proteins, among them the matrix metalloproteinase‐2.ConclusionsOur work provides a useful model to identify the molecular mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of DC.
Clarifying the Links of Conscientiousness With Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology
Authors: Naragon‐Gainey Kristin , Simms Leonard J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveAlthough Conscientiousness/disinhibition plays a substantial role in internalizing and externalizing psychopathology, the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aim to clarify facet‐level associations and to examine whether (a) impairment mediates the link of Conscientiousness with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and (b) demoralization (assessed via Neuroticism) accounts for their associations.MethodA total of 450 participants (Mage = 42; primarily female and Caucasian) who reported current/recent psychiatric treatment completed two measures of domain‐ and facet‐level traits (i.e., NEO‐PI‐3, PID‐5), as well as interview measures of impairment and disorders. Correlation, regression, and mediation analyses were conducted.ResultsInternalizing disorders (and particularly, the distress disorders) were uniquely associated with facets related to low self‐efficacy, whereas externalizing disorders were uniquely associated with risk‐taking and disregarding rules. For the internalizing disorders only, these associations were reduced after accounting for Neuroticism, though associations with distress disorders remained significant. Impairment mediated the link between Conscientiousness and symptoms for internalizing disorders, but not consistently for externalizing disorders.ConclusionsThe internalizing and externalizing disorders are associated with Conscientiousness due to different facet‐level content. Demoralization and impairment both contribute to the link between internalizing disorders and Conscientiousness, whereas neither process accounts substantially for the relation of externalizing disorders with Conscientiousness.