bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trust-performance relationship in international joint ventures: the moderating roles of structural mechanisms
Authors: Ali Tahir , Khalid Saba 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between trust and performance in international joint ventures (IJVs) with the moderating effects of the structural mechanisms from transaction cost approach.

Design/methodology/approach
Using web-survey, data are collected from 89 IJVs of Northern European firms in Asia, Europe and America. Empirical data are analyzed with structural equation modeling and estimates moderating effects of symmetric dependence, symmetric equity share and resource complementarity.

Findings
The findings offer some interesting insights for transaction cost and the social exchange theory. This study demonstrates that a symmetric equity share between IJV partners does not moderate the trust–performance relationship, while a symmetric dependence and resource complementarity between partners effect positively. Therefore, trust takes on greater importance in enhancing IJV performance under symmetric dependence and resource complementarity and symmetric equity share between IJV partners deprecates the importance of equity distribution.

Practical implications
A symmetric dependence prevents the deceit from either partner in trusting relationships. Further, a trustful relationship enhances IJV performance regardless of the equity share in IJVs. IJVs with asymmetric equity share can also be successful, provided that IJV partners develop inter-partner trust.

Originality/value
The extant research has not examined how the trust–performance relationship is contingent on structural mechanisms of IJVs that transaction cost economics deem necessary to prevent opportunistic behavior. Three structural mechanisms of symmetric dependence, symmetric equity share and resource complementarity moderate the trust–performance relationship in IJVs.
Posting purchases on social media increases happiness: the mediating roles of purchases’ impact on self and interpersonal relationships
Authors: Duan Jingyi , Dholakia Ruby Roy 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of the present research is to investigate how consumers’ purchase posting behavior on social media influences their own happiness.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper presents three studies. Study 1 was an experiment that manipulated purchase and posting behavior. Studies 2 and 3 utilized surveys which asked participants to report their actual purchases and posting behaviors. Data were examined using regression and bootstrap mediation analysis.

Findings
Posting purchases on social media has a positive influence on consumers’ happiness through the mediating roles of perceived impact of purchases on self and interpersonal relationships.

Research limitations/implications
This paper contributes to the research on social media by demonstrating that because of its remarkable characteristics, posting purchases on social media significantly increases consumers’ happiness. It fills the research gap of how word-of-mouth and conspicuous consumption influences the storyteller’s happiness. It is also the first research which suggests that user-generated content of purchases actually can be a new carrier of conspicuous consumption. The findings shed light on the substantial influences of posting purchases on the use/consumption stage of consumer behavior.

Practical implications
Because posting purchases on social media increases consumers’ happiness, marketers can develop strategies to encourage consumers to post about their purchases more.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is the first to demonstrate the positive effect of social media purchase posting on consumers’ happiness and identify the mechanism under which this effect occurs.
Activating values to stimulate organic food purchases: can advertisements increase pro-environmental intentions?
Authors: Bullock Graham , Johnson Christopher , Southwell Brian 
Published: July 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine different strategies for an increasing adoption of “environmentally friendly” products. Scholars have consistently shown that consumers with strong biospheric and altruistic beliefs are more likely to purchase these products, while marketers are increasingly appealing to consumers’ self-interest in their efforts to sell their “green” products. This paper explores this divide and offers a potential explanation for it, using the concept of value activation.Design/methodology/approachThe paper presents results of two survey experiments that test this explanation in the context of organic food advertisements. In a simulated trip to a grocery store, participants were exposed to advertisements designed to activate the six different values in Schwartz’s framework. After viewing the advertisements, participants were asked to select among organic and non-organic options in six product categories – milk, bread, eggs, spinach, potatoes and chocolate.FindingsThe study’s results suggest that while advertisements designed to activate values may have limited effect on consumer intentions, those that relate to protecting the health of oneself and one’s family are most likely to increase organic purchases.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first of its kind to explicitly test whether advertisements designed to activate a range of human values can increase consumers’ intention to engage in pro-environmental behaviors. The two studies reveal that value-based advertisements may have a stronger effect on the organic purchasing intentions of specific demographic groups (e.g. consumers who are aged under 40, lack a college degree and do not identify as liberal).
Antitumour bioactive peptides isolated from marine organisms
Authors: Xing Haibo , Tong Mengting , Jiang Nanyu , Zhang Xiaomin , Hu Hong , Pan Hongming , Li Da 
Published: July 2017

SummaryMarine organisms are an important source of antitumour active substances. Thus, pharmaceutical research in recent years has focused on exploring new antitumour drugs derived from marine organisms, and, many peptide drugs with strong antitumour activities have been successfully extracted. Based on different mechanisms, this paper reviews the research on several typical antitumour bioactive peptides in marine drugs and the latest progress therein. Additionally, the development prospects for these antitumour bioactive peptide‐based drugs are discussed so as to provide a reference for future research in this field.
Ultra‐short‐course booster is effective in recurrent grass pollen‐induced allergic rhinoconjunctivitis
Authors: Pfaar O. , Lang S. , Pieper‐Fürst U. , Astvatsatourov A. , Gerich F. , Klimek L. , Kramer M. F. , Reydelet Y. , Shah‐Hosseini K. , Mösges R. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundA relevant proportion of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (ARC) patients experience recurrent symptoms after successfully completing allergen immunotherapy (AIT). This prospective, controlled, noninterventional study used internationally standardized instruments to determine the clinical effects of a preseasonal, ultra‐short‐course booster AIT on clinical outcome parameters.MethodsThis two‐arm study included patients aged ≥12 years with recurrent grass pollen‐induced seasonal AR who had completed a successful course of any grass pollen AIT at least 5 years before enrolment. Overall, 56 patients received one preseasonal short‐course booster AIT using tyrosine‐absorbed grass pollen allergoids containing the adjuvant monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL®); 51 control patients received symptomatic medication. The combined symptom and medication score (CSMS) was recorded in the (peak) grass pollen season. Furthermore, concomitant (antiallergic) medication use, the patients’ state of health, Mini Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (MiniRQLQ) results and safety/tolerability of the treatment were assessed.ResultsThe CSMS in the peak grass pollen season was significantly lower in the booster AIT group (Δ=38.4%, P<.01). Moreover, significantly more patients in this group used no concomitant antiallergic medication throughout the peak grass pollen season. Twice as many patients in the booster AIT group as in the control group reported having a better state of health than in the preceding season. MiniRQLQ results showed significant differences favouring the booster AIT. The booster AIT was generally well tolerated, with only two patients reporting mild, grade 1 systemic adverse events.ConclusionBooster AIT using tyrosine‐absorbed allergoids containing the adjuvant MPL® effectively prevents re‐occurrence of symptoms in patients with grass pollen‐induced ARC.
An Empirical Study on the Reliability of Perceiving Correlation Indices using Scatterplots
Authors: Sher Varshita , Bemis Karen G. , Liccardi Ilaria , Chen Min 
Published: July 2017

AbstractScatterplots have been in use for about two centuries, primarily for observing the relationship between two variables and commonly for supporting correlation analysis. In this paper, we report an empirical study that examines how humans’ perception of correlation using scatterplots relates to the Pearson's product‐moment correlation coefficient (PPMCC) – a commonly used statistical measure of correlation. In particular, we study human participants’ estimation of correlation under different conditions, e.g., different PPMCC values, different densities of data points, different levels of symmetry of data enclosures, and different patterns of data distribution. As the participants were instructed to estimate the PPMCC of each stimulus scatterplot, the difference between the estimated and actual PPMCC is referred to as an offset. The results of the study show that varying PPMCC values, symmetry of data enclosure, or data distribution does have an impact on the average offsets, while only large variations in density cause an impact that is statistically significant. This study indicates that humans’ perception of correlation using scatterplots does not correlate with computed PPMCC in a consistent manner. The magnitude of offsets may be affected not only by the difference between individuals, but also by geometric features of data enclosures. It suggests that visualizing scatterplots does not provide adequate support to the task of retrieving their corresponding PPMCC indicators, while the underlying model of humans’ perception of correlation using scatterplots ought to feature other variables in addition to PPMCC. The paper also includes a theoretical discussion on the cost‐benefit of using scatterplots.
Integrating Visual Analytics Support for Grounded Theory Practice in Qualitative Text Analysis
Authors: Chandrasegaran Senthil , Badam Sriram Karthik , Kisselburgh Lorraine , Ramani Karthik , Elmqvist Niklas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present an argument for using visual analytics to aid Grounded Theory methodologies in qualitative data analysis. Grounded theory methods involve the inductive analysis of data to generate novel insights and theoretical constructs. Making sense of unstructured text data is uniquely suited for visual analytics. Using natural language processing techniques such as parts‐of‐speech tagging, retrieving information content, and topic modeling, different parts of the data can be structured and semantically associated, and interactively explored, thereby providing conceptual depth to the guided discovery process. We review grounded theory methods and identify processes that can be enhanced through visual analytic techniques. Next, we develop an interface for qualitative text analysis, and evaluate our design with qualitative research practitioners who analyze texts with and without visual analytics support. The results of our study suggest how visual analytics can be incorporated into qualitative data analysis tools, and the analytic and interpretive benefits that can result.
Visualizing a Sequence of a Thousand Graphs (or Even More)
Authors: Burch M. , Hlawatsch M. , Weiskopf D. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe visualization of dynamic graphs demands visually encoding at least three major data dimensions: vertices, edges, and time steps. Many of the state‐of‐the‐art techniques can show an overview of vertices and edges but lack a data‐scalable visual representation of the time aspect. In this paper, we address the problem of displaying dynamic graphs with a thousand or more time steps. Our proposed interleaved parallel edge splatting technique uses a time‐to‐space mapping and shows the complete dynamic graph in a static visualization. It provides an overview of all data dimensions, allowing for visually detecting time‐varying data patterns; hence, it serves as a starting point for further data exploration. By applying clustering and ordering techniques on the vertices, edge splatting on the links, and a dense time‐to‐space mapping, our approach becomes visually scalable in all three dynamic graph data dimensions. We illustrate the usefulness of our technique by applying it to call graphs and US domestic flight data with several hundred vertices, several thousand edges, and more than a thousand time steps.
Comparing Personal Image Collections with PICTuReVis
Authors: van der Corput Paul , van Wijk Jarke J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDigital image collections contain a wealth of information, which for instance can be used to trace illegal activities and investigate criminal networks. We present a method that enables analysts to reveal relations among people, based on the patterns in their collections. Similar temporal and spatial patterns can be found using a parameterized algorithm, visualization is used to choose the right parameters and to inspect the patterns found. The visualization shows relations between image properties: the person it belongs to, the concepts in the image, its time stamp and location. We demonstrate the method with image collections of 10, 000 people containing 460, 000 images in total.
Dynamic Visual Abstraction of Soccer Movement
Authors: Sacha D. , Al‐Masoudi F. , Stein M. , Schreck T. , Keim D. A. , Andrienko G. , Janetzko H. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTrajectory‐based visualization of coordinated movement data within a bounded area, such as player and ball movement within a soccer pitch, can easily result in visual crossings, overplotting, and clutter. Trajectory abstraction can help to cope with these issues, but it is a challenging problem to select the right level of abstraction (LoA) for a given data set and analysis task. We present a novel dynamic approach that combines trajectory simplification and clustering techniques with the goal to support interpretation and understanding of movement patterns. Our technique provides smooth transitions between different abstraction types that can be computed dynamically and on‐the‐fly. This enables the analyst to effectively navigate and explore the space of possible abstractions in large trajectory data sets. Additionally, we provide a proof of concept for supporting the analyst in determining the LoA semi‐automatically with a recommender system. Our approach is illustrated and evaluated by case studies, quantitative measures, and expert feedback. We further demonstrate that it allows analysts to solve a variety of analysis tasks in the domain of soccer.
Visualization of Delay Uncertainty and its Impact on Train Trip Planning: A Design Study
Authors: Wunderlich M. , Ballweg K. , Fuchs G. , von Landesberger T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUncertainty about possible train delays has an impact on train trips, as the exact arrival time is unknown during trip planning. Delays can lead to missing a connecting train at the transfer station, or to coming too late to an appointment at the destination. Facing this uncertainty, the traveler may wish to use an earlier train or a different connection arriving well before the appointment. Currently, train trip planning is based on scheduled times of connections between two stations. Information about approximate delays is only available shortly before train departure. Although several visualization approaches can show temporal uncertainty, we are not aware of any visual design specifically supporting trip planning, which can show delay uncertainty and its impact on the connections. We propose and evaluate a visual design which extends train trip planning with delay uncertainty. It shows the scheduled train connections together with their expected train delays as well as their impacts on both the arrival time, and the potential of missing a transfer. The visualization also includes information about alternative connections in case of these critical transfers. In this way the user is able to judge which train connection is suitable for a trip. We conducted a user study with 76 participants to evaluate our design. We compared it to two alternative presentations that are prominent in Germany. The study showed that our design performs comparably well for tasks concerning train schedules. The additional uncertainty display as well as the visualization of alternative connections was appreciated and well understood. The participants were able to estimate when they would likely arrive at their destination despite possible train delays while they were unable to estimate this with existing presentations. The users would prefer to use the new design for their trip planning.
Visual Narrative Flow: Exploring Factors Shaping Data Visualization Story Reading Experiences
Authors: McKenna S. , Henry Riche N. , Lee B. , Boy J. , Meyer M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMany factors can shape the flow of visual data‐driven stories, and thereby the way readers experience those stories. Through the analysis of 80 existing stories found on popular websites, we systematically investigate and identify seven characteristics of these stories, which we name “flow‐factors,” and we illustrate how they feed into the broader concept of “visual narrative flow.” These flow‐factors are navigation input, level of control, navigation progress, story layout, role of visualization, story progression, and navigation feedback. We also describe a series of studies we conducted, which shed initial light on how different visual narrative flows impact the reading experience. We report on two exploratory studies, in which we gathered reactions and preferences of readers for stepper‐ vs. scroller‐driven flows. We then report on a crowdsourced study with 240 participants, in which we explore the effect of the combination of different flow‐factors on readers’ engagement. Our results indicate that visuals and navigation feedback (e.g., static vs. animated transitions) have an impact on readers’ engagement, while level of control (e.g., discrete vs. continuous) may not.
Steering the Craft: UI Elements and Visualizations for Supporting Progressive Visual Analytics
Authors: Badam Sriram Karthik , Elmqvist Niklas , Fekete Jean‐Daniel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractProgressive visual analytics (PVA) has emerged in recent years to manage the latency of data analysis systems. When analysis is performed progressively, rough estimates of the results are generated quickly and are then improved over time. Analysts can therefore monitor the progression of the results, steer the analysis algorithms, and make early decisions if the estimates provide a convincing picture. In this article, we describe interface design guidelines for helping users understand progressively updating results and make early decisions based on progressive estimates. To illustrate our ideas, we present a prototype PVA tool called InsightsFeed for exploring Twitter data at scale. As validation, we investigate the tradeoffs of our tool when exploring a Twitter dataset in a user study. We report the usage patterns in making early decisions using the user interface, guiding computational methods, and exploring different subsets of the dataset, compared to sequential analysis without progression.
Survey of Surveys (SoS) ‐ Mapping The Landscape of Survey Papers in Information Visualization
Authors: McNabb Liam , Laramee Robert S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInformation visualization as a field is growing rapidly in popularity since the first information visualization conference in 1995. However, as a consequence of its growth, it is increasingly difficult to follow the growing body of literature within the field. Survey papers and literature reviews are valuable tools for managing the great volume of previously published research papers, and the quantity of survey papers in visualization has reached a critical mass. To this end, this survey paper takes a quantum step forward by surveying and classifying literature survey papers in order to help researchers understand the current landscape of Information Visualization. It is, to our knowledge, the first survey of survey papers (SoS) in Information Visualization. This paper classifies survey papers into natural topic clusters which enables readers to find relevant literature and develops the first classification of classifications. The paper also enables researchers to identify both mature and less developed research directions as well as identify future directions. It is a valuable resource for both newcomers and experienced researchers in and outside the field of Information Visualization and Visual Analytics.
A population‐based study of self‐reported skin exposures and symptoms in relation to contact allergy in adolescents
Authors: Lagrelius Maria , Wahlgren Carl‐Fredrik , Matura Mihály , Bergström Anna , Kull Inger , Lidén Carola 
Published: July 2017

SummaryBackgroundKnowledge about the relations between skin exposures, skin symptoms and contact allergy in adolescents is limited.ObjectivesTo explore self‐reported skin exposures and skin symptoms in girls and boys, and to assess the associations between exposures, symptoms and contact allergy at age 16 years.Participants and methodsIn all, 3115 adolescents from the population‐based BAMSE birth cohort answered a questionnaire at age 16 concerning various skin exposures and related skin symptoms. Of these, 2285 were patch tested.ResultsThe prevalences of self‐reported piercing (55.4%), hair dyeing (50.1%) and related skin symptoms were high, particularly in girls. Piercing and itchy rash after contact with metal items were associated with increased risks of nickel allergy [respectively: odds ratio (OR) 1.77, 95%CI: 1.04–3.03, and OR 2.25, 95%CI: 1.57–3.23]. An itchy rash resulting from the use of personal hygiene products or makeup was associated with a positive patch test reaction to fragrance mix I (OR 2.11, 95%CI: 1.02–4.35).ConclusionsAdolescents are exposed to skin‐sensitizing substances, for example because of piercing, hair dyeing, and tattooing. Such early‐life skin exposure may lead to lifelong contact allergy and future allergic contact dermatitis and hand eczema.