bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Project beneficiary participation and behavioural intentions promoting project sustainability: The mediating role of psychological ownership
Authors: Aga Deribe Assefa , Noorderhaven N. , Vallejo B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is of great importance that development projects (especially those projects that target improving the livelihood of rural communities) continue to deliver their intended benefits over their intended economic life—we call this “project sustainability.” Applying an experimental design, our study reveals that active involvement of project beneficiaries during the needs assessment and planning stages has a significant positive influence on the behavioural intentions of the project beneficiaries toward project sustainability. Our study also finds that psychological ownership plays a mediating role in the relationship between project beneficiary participation and project sustainability. Implications for project sustainability and directions for future research are discussed.
Tracking bowfin with acoustic telemetry: Insight into the ecology of a living fossil
Authors: Midwood Jonathan D. , Gutowsky Lee F.G. , Hlevca Bogdan , Portiss Rick , Wells Mathew G. , Doka Susan E. , Cooke Steven J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLittle is known about the spatial ecology and behaviour of bowfin (Amia calva), despite the fact that it is an important freshwater carnivore, the last living member of the Amiiformes and effectively a living fossil. In the summer of 2013, acoustic telemetry transmitters were surgically implanted in ten bowfin captured in Toronto Harbour on Lake Ontario. Using a stationary acoustic telemetry array that covered most of the 18‐km2 harbour, the residency and movement patterns of bowfin were tracked from their release until November 2014. Detected bowfin ranged in size from 562 to 725 mm total length and included six males and three females (one female was not detected). Bowfin showed high site fidelity with most fish detections concentrated in embayments and within the Toronto Islands, areas characterised by relatively high stable water temperatures and submerged vegetative cover. Statistical modelling revealed that bowfin residency was significantly affected by season, body size, site‐specific estimates of vegetative cover and an interaction between body size and season. Bowfin residency increased with vegetative cover and was highest for large fish during the winter and fall months. Despite the overall high site fidelity exhibited by individuals, several bowfin were mobile over the spring and summer months and moved 5.2–12.9 km among telemetry receivers in the inner and outer harbours. The results of this study provide insight into the seasonal habitat preference, home range size and activity level of this unique fish.
A comparison between decay patterns of the white‐rot fungusPleurotus ostreatusin chestnut–leaved oak (Quercus castaneifolia) shows predominantly simultaneous attack bothin vivoandin vitro
Authors: Bari E. , Karim M. , Oladi R. , Tajick Ghanbary M. A. , Ghodskhah Daryaei M. , Schmidt O. , Benz J. P. , Emaminasab M. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn this research, we examined decay patterns occurring inQuercus castaneifoliawood under natural conditions compared with controlled decayin vivo.Pleurotus ostreatus‐infected oak wood was obtained from the Sari forests in the north of Iran. The species causing decay was verified asP. ostreatususingrDNA‐ITSsequencing of pure cultures from infected sapwood. In addition toP. ostreatus, two wood‐inhabiting Ascomycota,Trichoderma harzianumandT. lixii,were present. Mass loss in oak sapwood samples exposed toP. ostreatusfor 60 days was around 10 per cent. Samples were prepared from both naturally decayed wood and wood decayed under controlled conditions and examined using microscopy.P. ostreatuswas found to produce a simultaneous white‐rot decay pattern in both conditions.
Long‐term survival and non‐vector spread of the pinewood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, via wood chips
Authors: Hopf‐Biziks A. , Schröder T. , Schütz S. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThe pinewood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, is the causal agent of pine wilt disease and is transmitted to new host trees by beetles of the genusMonochamus. The increasing interest in imported wood chips from North America for paper production and energy purposes and the corresponding phytosanitary risk of non‐vector transmission ofB. xylophilushas been discussed since 1984, the year of the first interception ofB. xylophilusin wood chips in the European Union. The long‐term survival ofB. xylophilusin wood chips and its non‐vector spread from infested wood chips to non‐infested trees were studied.Pinus sylvestrislogs were inoculated with a suspension ofB. xylophilusto produce infested wood chips. During the long‐term storage test,B. xylophilusinP. sylvestriswood chips were examined. Four variants, including sealed and openly stored wood chips at both 15°C and 25°C, were studied. For the test of non‐vector spread,B. xylophilus‐infested wood chips were placed on three‐ to four‐year‐oldP. sylvestrissaplings under different conditions.Bursaphelenchus xylophilussurvived for more than 1 year at both temperatures in the sealed wood chips, which was significantly longer than for the openly stored variant at 25°C. Temperature, tree condition and wood chip location all influenced non‐vector spread through wood chips. Of the 480 trees that were in contact with infested wood chips and showed clear symptoms of pine wilt disease,B. xylophiluswere extracted from 42 pines at 25°C and one pine at 15°C. The highestB. xylophilusinfestation rates resulting in clear pine wilt disease symptoms (75%) were found in infested wood chips directly attached to stem‐wounded trees at 25°C. However, more variants exhibitedB. xylophilusinfestation at this temperature; trees with stem or root injuries plus direct contact with infested wood chips to the wounded part were primarily affected. Moreover, non‐vector spread was also detected in stem‐ and root‐injured pines without any direct contact with infested wood chips. Our results confirmed thatB. xylophiluscan survive for long periods in wood chips and can be transmitted from infested wood chips to damaged trees, but the likelihood of suchPWNestablishment should be low compared to spread through vectors. These findings must be considered in the pest risk analysis ofB. xylophilus,and studies using outdoor trials should be carried out to complete this pest risk analysis.
Impact of induction treatment before autologous stem cell transplantation on long‐term outcome in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma
Authors: Gassiot Susanna , Motlló Cristina , Llombart Inuska , Morgades Mireia , González Yolanda , Garcia‐Caro Montse , Ribera Josep‐Maria , Oriol Albert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveClinical trials for patients with multiple myeloma (MM) using novel agent (NA)‐based regimens before autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) have shown improvement in response rates and progression‐free survival (PFS); however they have failed to identify a significant overall survival (OS) benefit. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential impact of initial induction on the feasibility and outcome of subsequent treatment lines in a real clinical practice setting.MethodsPatients with consecutive MM <70 years of age diagnosed between 1999 and 2009 were prospectively registered and classified as having received conventional chemotherapy induction regimens with new agents available at relapse (CC cohort, 89 patients) or as treated with NAs upfront (NA cohort, 65 patients).ResultsPatients in the NA cohort demonstrated a superior median PFS (2.8 years vs 1.6 years, P=.03) and also a median PFS from diagnosis to second progression (5.2 years vs 2.7 years, P=.003). After a median follow‐up of 7 years, clear differences in OS were observed (7.97 years in NA cohort compared to 3.35 years in CC cohort, P<.001).ConclusionsNew agent‐based first‐line induction treatments provide benefits in both PFS and beyond that point, contributing to a significant improvement in OS.
Nanoparticle delivery systems, general approaches, and their implementation in multiple myeloma
Authors: de la Puente Pilar , Azab Abdel Kareem 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy that remains incurable, with relapse rates >90%. The main limiting factor for the effective use of chemotherapies in MM is the serious side effects caused by these drugs. The emphasis in cancer treatment has shifted from cytotoxic, non‐specific chemotherapies to molecularly targeted and rationally designed therapies showing greater efficacy and fewer side effects. Traditional chemotherapy has shown several disadvantages such as lack of targeting capabilities, systemic toxicity, and side effects; low therapeutic index, as well as most anticancer drugs, has poor water solubility. Nanoparticle delivery systems (NPs) are capable of targeting large doses of chemotherapies into the target area while sparing healthy tissues, overcoming the limitations of traditional chemotherapy. Here, we review the current state of the art in nanoparticle‐based strategies designed to treat MM. Many nanoparticle delivery systems have been studied for myeloma using non‐targeted NPs (liposomes, polymeric NPs, and inorganic NPs), triggered NPs, as well as targeted NPs (VLA‐4, ABC drug transporters, bone microenvironment targeting). The results in preclinical and clinical studies are promising; however, there remains much to be learned in the emerging field of nanomedicine in myeloma.
Kant on Impenetrability, Touch, and the Causal Content of Perception
Authors: Marshall Colin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is well known that Kant claims that causal judgments, including judgments about forces, must have an a priori basis. It is less well known that Kant claims that we can perceive the repulsive force of bodies (their impenetrability) through the sense of touch. Together, these claims present an interpretive puzzle, since they appear to commit Kant to both affirming and denying that we can have perceptions of force. My first aim is to show that both sides of the puzzle have deep roots in Kant's philosophy. My second aim is to present three potential solutions to the puzzle and show that each faces problems.
Effects of extreme drought on specific leaf area of grassland species: A meta‐analysis of experimental studies in temperate and sub‐Mediterranean systems
Authors: Wellstein Camilla , Poschlod Peter , Gohlke Andreas , Chelli Stefano , Campetella Giandiego , Rosbakh Sergey , Canullo Roberto , Kreyling Jürgen , Jentsch Anke , Beierkuhnlein Carl 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHere, we conducted a meta‐analysis of experimental drought manipulation studies using rainout shelters in five sites of natural grassland ecosystems of Europe. The single studies assess the effects of extreme drought on the intraspecific variation of the specific leaf area (SLA), a proxy of plant growth. We evaluate and compare the effect size of theSLAresponse for the functional groups of forbs and grasses in temperate and sub‐Mediterranean systems. We hypothesized that the functional groups of grasses and forbs from temperate grassland systems have different strategies in short‐term drought response, measured as adjustment ofSLA, withSLA‐reduction in grasses andSLA‐maintenance in forbs. Second, we hypothesized that grasses and forbs from sub‐Mediterranean systems do not differ in their drought response as both groups maintain theirSLA. We found a significant decrease ofSLAin grasses of the temperate systems in response to drought whileSLAof forbs showed no significant response. LowerSLAis associated with enhanced water‐use efficiency under water stress and thus can be seen as a strategy of phenotypic adjustment. By contrast, in the sub‐Mediterranean systems, grasses significantly increased theirSLAin the drought treatment. This result points towards a better growth performance of these grasses, which is most likely related to their strategy to allocate resources to belowground parts. The observedSLAreduction of forbs is most likely a direct drought response given that competitive effect of grasses is unlikely due to the scanty vegetation cover. We point out that phenotypic adjustment is an important driver of short‐term functional plant response to climatic extremes such as drought. Differential reactions of functional groups have to be interpreted against the background of the group's evolutionary configuration that can differ between climatic zones.
The CARE approach to reducing diagnostic errors
Authors: Rush Jess L. , Helms Stephen E. , Mostow Eliot N. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundDiagnostic errors appear to be the most common, costly, and dangerous of all medical mistakes. There has been a notable increase on the focus of error prevention as part of a growing patient safety movement. However, diagnostic errors have received less attention than other types of error. Our goal is to present a short mnemonic that can act as a checklist or posted reminder to help practitioners in dermatology or any field of medicine to avoid diagnostic errors.MethodsTo meet this goal, the authors reviewed the literature and discussed errors and potential errors they have experienced over 55 years of combined practice, to create a short mnemonic.ResultsThe CARE method has helped the authors prepare and review their differential diagnoses in the relatively fast‐paced practice of dermatology, but it has yet to be tested on a large scale.ConclusionThe CARE (communicate, assess for biased reasoning, reconsider differential diagnoses, enact a plan) method is an efficient, recallable checklist that uses an educational approach to reduce diagnostic error while reminding us to simply “care” from a humanistic perspective. This method may help reduce preventable diagnostic errors and improve patient care.
Microencapsulation of ginsenosides using polymerised whey protein (PWP) as wall material and its application in probiotic fermented milk
Authors: Wang Mu , Gao Feng , Zheng Huajie , Zhang Tiehua , Guo Mingruo 
Published: February 2017

SummaryGinsenosides was microencapsulated using heat‐induced polymerised whey protein as wall material. The entrapment yield was 95.46 ± 1.95% and release rates were about 20% and 100% in gastric and intestine juices, respectively. Microencapsulated ginsenosides (0.03% ginsenosides, w/v) were used for fermented milk formulation. Samples with microencapsulated ginsenosides had much higher acceptability compared with those with ginsenoside extract (P < 0.01). Addition of microencapsulated ginsenosides significantly decreased the syneresis of the sample (P < 0.01). The probiotics remained above 106 CFU mL−1 during the first 6 weeks, and no significant difference was observed in probiotics population during 10‐week storage for all samples. SEM micrograph revealed that addition of microcapsules did not change the structure of the samples considerably. The polymerised whey protein‐based microencapsulation might be an effective technique to deliver ginsenosides to small intestine through stomach. It also masked bitter taste and improved the colour of the fermented milks containing ginsenosides.
Pharmacy education in Jordan: updates
Authors: Alefan Qais , Alsmadi Mo'tasem M 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Objective
To describe the increasing number of pharmacy schools in Jordan.

Method
A review for numbers of schools and their curricula was conducted.

Key findings
To date, there are 18 pharmacy schools in Jordan. PharmD program is offered by two public schools. PhD program is offered by one school; while MSc program is offered by seven schools. Public pharmacy schools have two similar programs in terms of curricula, ‘regular’ and ‘parallel’. The ratio of pharmacists to 1000 population was 2.1 in 2012. Substantial increase in pharmacists’ integration is needed in public and private primary care settings.

Conclusions
Number of pharmacy schools and pharmacy graduates in Jordan seems to be ‘high’. If the schools are to remain on a track of growth, let the emphasis shift to PharmD expansion.
Circulating fibrocyte mobilization in negative pressure wound therapy
Authors: Chen Dezhi , Zhao Yong , Li Zonghuan , Shou Kangquan , Zheng Xun , Li Pengcheng , Qi Baiwen , Yu Aixi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNon‐healing diabetic wounds are difficult to treat. They also create heavy financial burdens for both patients and society. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been adopted to treat intractable wounds and has proved to be effective. However, the mechanisms that underlie the effects of this treatment are not entirely understood. Circulating fibrocytes are unique haematopoietic‐derived stem cells that have been reported to play a pivotal role in wound healing. Here, we have investigated the effect of NPWT on fibrocyte mobilization and the role of fibrocyte mobilization in the healing of diabetic wounds during NPWT. We show that the NPWT group exhibited 2.6‐fold to 12.1‐fold greater numbers of tail vein‐injected PKH‐26‐labelled fibrocytes in the diabetic wound sites compared with the control group. We also demonstrate that the full‐thickness skin wounds treated with NPWT exhibit significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression, blood vessel density and proliferating cells when exogenous fibrocyte mobilization is inhibited. We speculate that systemic mobilization of fibrocytes during NPWT may be a mechanism for healing intractable wounds in a diabetic rat model experiment and that enhancement of cell mobilization may represent a potential treatment idea for intractable wound healing across all fields of surgery.
Deletion of junctional adhesion molecule A from platelets increases early‐stage neointima formation after wire injury in hyperlipidemic mice
Authors: Zhao Zhen , Vajen Tanja , Karshovska Ela , Dickhout Annemiek , Schmitt Martin M. , Megens Remco T.A. , von Hundelshausen Philipp , Koeppel Thomas A. , Hackeng Tilman M. , Weber Christian , Koenen Rory R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPlatelets play an important role in the pathogenesis of vascular remodelling after injury. Junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM‐A) was recently described to regulate platelet activation. Specific deletion of JAM‐A from platelets resulted in increased reactivity and in accelerated progression of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the specific contribution of platelet‐derived JAM‐A to neointima formation after vascular injury. Mice with or without platelet‐specific (tr)JAM‐A‐deficiency in an apolipoprotein e (apoe−/−) background underwent wire‐induced injury of the common carotid artery. Ex vivo imaging by two‐photon microscopy revealed increased platelet coverage at the site of injury in trJAM‐A‐deficient mice. Cell recruitment assays showed increased adhesion of monocytic cells to activated JAM‐A‐deficient platelets than to control platelets. Inhibition of αMβ2 or GPIbα, but not of CD62P, suppressed those differences. Up to 4 weeks after wire injury, intimal neoplasia and neointimal cellular content were analysed. Neointimal lesion area was increased in trJAM‐A−/− apoe−/− mice and the lesions showed an increased macrophage accumulation and proliferating smooth muscle cells compared with trJAM‐A+/+ apoe−/− littermates 2 weeks, but not 4 weeks after injury. Re‐endothelialization was decreased in trJAM‐A−/− apoe−/− mice compared with controls 2 weeks after injury, yet it was complete in both groups after 4 weeks. A platelet gain of function by deletion of JAM‐A accelerates neointima formation only during earlier phases after vascular injury, through an increased recruitment of mononuclear cells. Thus, the contribution of platelets might become less important when neointima formation progresses to later stages.
The association between periodontitis and sleep duration
Authors: Romandini Mario , Gioco Gioele , Perfetti Giorgio , Deli Giorgio , Staderini Edoardo , Laforì Andreina 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimDue to its potential to influence systemic inflammation and oxidative stress, and to predispose to bacterial infections, sleep duration could potentially be a risk factor for periodontitis. The aim of this cross‐sectional study was to evaluate if there was in 2012 an association between periodontitis and sleep duration in a representative sample of the South Korean population.Materials and MethodsA total of 5812 subjects representative of 39.4 million of adults were examined. Multivariate logistic regressions were applied controlling for age, gender, education, smoking status, alcoholism and consumption frequency of coffee, tea, chocolate and red wine.ResultsCompared to the group sleeping ≤5 h/day, the adjusted odds ratios for periodontitis prevalence defined as Community Periodontal Index (CPI) = 4 were OR = 2.46 (95% CI: 1.20–5.06) in the 6 h/day sleepers group, OR = 2.66 (95% CI: 1.35–5.25) in the 7 h/day sleepers group, OR = 2.29 (95% CI: 1.13–4.63) in the 8 h/day sleepers group and OR = 4.27 (95% CI: 1.83–9.97) in the ≥9 h/day sleepers group. The association has shown to be highlighted in middle‐aged people, females, non‐smokers, lower educated, with lower lead and higher cadmium blood levels and with higher carotene dietary intake ones and to be partially mediated by lipid profile alterations, diabetes, serum Vitamin D levels and WBC count.ConclusionsA novel, direct and independent association between sleep duration and the prevalence of periodontitis was found. However, it needs to be investigated how the factors influencing the sleep duration affect this association.
A field reciprocal transplant experiment reveals asymmetric costs of migration between lake and river ecotypes of three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus)
Authors: Kaufmann J. , Lenz T. L. , Kalbe M. , Milinski M. , Eizaguirre C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTheory of local adaptation predicts that nonadapted migrants will suffer increased costs compared to local residents. Ultimately this process can result in the reduction of gene flow and culminate in speciation. Here, we experimentally investigated the relative fitness of migrants in foreign habitats, focusing on diverging lake and river ecotypes of three‐spined sticklebacks. A reciprocal transplant experiment performed in the field revealed asymmetric costs of migration: whereas mortality of river fish was increased under lake conditions, lake migrants suffered from reduced growth relative to river residents. Selection against migrants thus involved different traits in each habitat but generally contributed to bidirectional reduction in gene flow. Focusing particularly on the parasitic environments, migrant fish differed from resident fish in the parasite community they harboured. This pattern correlated with both cellular phenotypes of innate immunity as well as with allelic variation at the genes of the major histocompatibility complex. In addition to showing the costs of migration in three‐spined sticklebacks, this study highlights the role of asymmetric selection particularly from parasitism in genotype sorting and in the emergence of local adaptation.