bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decisional dilemma in maintaining industrial peace in PSU in India
Authors: Mishra Sumit , Kant Shashi , Sharma Vinay , Agrawal Rajat 
Published: June 2017

Subject area
Industrial Relations and People Management.

Study level/applicability
Graduate or Postgraduate level, Executive working in manufacturing sector.

Case overview
This case highlights the industrial relation issues in a public sector undertaking, a government-owned company in India. The case depicted the issues taken place in the company in the year 2015-2016. The primary data were collected by a working professional, who dealt with and was involved in the scenarios discussed in the case. Other modes such as in-depth interviews were also taken as per requirements. This case also highlights the importance of roles of unions and association in these organizations. Factors which are important to maintain industrial harmony were analyzed and their perspective with respect to production loss were addressed.

Expected learning outcomes
Every employee must be dealt with in a dignified manner with rationale. Hierarchy is required to be in place but doesn’t need to be authoritative. Be communicative and transparent while taking action. There should be no compromise on indiscipline at workplace and decision to be taken accordingly. Manage conflict by involving all the concerned authorities from outset. The analysis of the case shows that if the rationale was followed while managing the people it will lead to industrial harmony. Role of trade unions and association will prove beneficial as they will become a part of creating a solution in the matter of discords, ensuring growth for the company and its employees. It is important to mention here that the case was developed on the basis of the first-hand experience of the author.

Supplementary materials
Teaching notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 6: Human Resource Management.
Revisiting the trajectory of IT implementation in organisations: an IT culture perspective
Authors: Abubakre Mumin , Ravishankar M.N. , Coombs Crispin 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
Organisational implementations of information technology (IT) normally fail due to cultural forces that inhibit the usage levels required to facilitate successful IT implementation. The purpose of this paper is to explore IT implementation from an IT culture perspective (Leidner and Kayworth, 2006). In particular, it identifies and follows the trajectory of IT culture archetypes that emerge during the implementation process and further investigates their role in facilitating successful IT implementations.

Design/methodology/approach
This research adopts the qualitative single case study approach and draws on the implementation of a management information system in a Nigerian global bank.

Findings
The findings illustrate three different IT culture archetypes and provide insights into their dynamic nature. The progressive weakening of two IT culture archetypes and the corresponding strengthening of the third archetype shows how initial vision conflicts can get transformed into vision agreements.

Originality/value
This paper extends the IT culture perspective by illustrating how a congruence relationship between IT cultures and IT artefacts can be fostered. The paper shows how diverse IT cultures can develop reasonably quickly in line with initial user experiences of a system. When IT cultures are aligned with the values embedded in IT, positive engagement and usage of the technology results strengthening the presence of embracing IT cultures.
The importance of enhancing, maintaining and saving face in smartphone repurchase intentions of Chinese early adopters
Authors: Filieri Raffaele , Chen Wenshin , Lal Dey Bidit 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
China is the world’s largest consumer market for smartphones. Early adopters are highly influential in consumers’ decisions of new technologies. Therefore, understanding Chinese early adopters’ decision making in the smartphone market is of crucial importance to smartphone companies. There is a dearth of in-depth studies on the factors affecting consumers’ repurchase intention for smartphones. The purpose of this paper is to narrow this knowledge gap by developing a new conceptual framework explaining early adopters’ repurchase intention of smartphones.

Design/methodology/approach
Using 30 face-to-face interviews with Chinese early adopters of smartphones, the authors built a new theoretical framework to explain the factors that influence their repurchase intention.

Findings
Repurchase intention of smartphones is determined by aesthetic and utilitarian product-related factors (design appeal, perceived usefulness), socio-cultural factors (subjective norms, mianzi/face considerations), and brand-related factors (brand popularity, brand’s country of origin, perceived brand quality, and brand loyalty). The emerging framework also explores the factors affecting enhancing, maintaining, and saving mianzi/face.

Originality/value
In contrast to existing technology-driven models, the study’s emerging framework shows how aesthetic, socio-cultural, and brand-related factors can offer new insights in understanding repurchase intention in a rapidly developing market. As these factors are rarely examined in the information technology and/or marketing literatures, potential knowledge contribution can be highly expected.
Effect of Chinese foreign direct investment on economic growth in Africa
Authors: Doku Isaac , Akuma John , Owusu-Afriyie John 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This study aims to examine the quantitative effect and direction of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) on economic growth in Africa using a sample of 20 African countries from 2003 to 2012 with data obtained from United Nations Conference on Trade and Development and the World Bank.

Design/methodology/approach
The study used panel least squares regression, specifically fixed effect model to examine the quantitative effect of Chinese FDI on economic growth in Africa. The study also used Granger causality test to examine whether a causal relationship exists between economic growth and China’s FDI in Africa.

Findings
The study finds that a 1 per cent increase in China’s FDI stock in Africa significantly increases Africa’s gross domestic product (GDP) growth by 0.607 per cent, all things being equal. Furthermore, the study finds that a causal link exists between GDP growth in Africa and China’s FDI and the nature of causality is unidirectional.

Practical implications
The study recommends that to stimulate Chinese FDI in Africa, free visas must be given to Chinese investors coming into the continent, low tariffs should be imposed on inputs and intermediate goods from China and grant of business operation permit to Chinese investors must be made less bureaucratic.

Originality/value
This research has not been presented to any journal for publication and is originally written by the authors.
The importance of trust for inter-organizational relationships
Authors: Rad Alexander 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine interbank market practices in a crisis to understand the importance of trust in dealing with control problems and managing risk in inter-organizational relationships (IORs).Design/methodology/approachA qualitative field study was conducted to collect data from two case-study banks and two key banking industry institutions.FindingsThe findings illustrate the use of trust-based partner-selection criteria such as guaranteed banks (i.e., banks granted special status by key banking industry institutions) and “clan-related” banks. In addition, the findings present several trust-based performance-control processes regarding the selected counterparties, such as negative expectations, goodwill and information sharing.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper highlights IORs and considers how associated control problems and risks are affected by trust in the context of a large-scale crisis.Practical implicationsThe findings provide insights into interbank market practices during the global financial crisis with respect to partner selection and performance control.Originality/valueThe empirical case of the banking industry helps broaden our understanding of inter-IORs.
How management accountants exert influence on managers – a micro-level analysis of management accountants’ influence tactics in budgetary control meetings
Authors: Mack Simone , Goretzki Lukas 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine how remote (i.e. global, regional or divisional) management accountants communicate in interpersonal contacts with operational managers when trying to exert influence on them.Design/methodology/approachAn ethnographic field study focusing on budgetary control meetings between regional management accountants and operational managers is used as the basis for a micro-level analysis of situated face-to-face interactions and communicative influence tactics.FindingsRemote management accountants mainly use soft rather than hard influence tactics. They, furthermore, employ what is referred to as “panoramic knowledge” gained explicitly from their structurally as well as physically removed “meta-positioning” to suggest certain measures to operational managers that have proved successful in other units and – by doing so – try to exert influence on these managers. Moreover, they use information that they gain in their position in between senior and operational managers by acting as “double agents” – that is, informing operational managers about senior managers’ focus as well as making transparent to operational managers that they will inform senior management about specific operational matters. By doing so, they try to prompt operational managers to address these issues. Additionally, strengthening their verbally articulated suggestions, as “minute takers” they are able to document their suggestions by moving from spoken to a more binding written text. Through these purposeful and rather unobtrusive tactics, remote management accountants try to take influence on operational managers without generating their resistance.Originality/valueThe paper shows how remote management accountants (as staff members) can skillfully turn their apparently powerless position within the organization into a source of strength to exert influence on operational managers.
Alliance formation in high‐conflict custody mediation: a serial case analysis
Authors: Kjøs Peder , Weie Oddli Hanne 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThrough an in‐depth qualitative analysis of five cases of mandatory high‐conflict custody mediation, we analysed interpersonal processes associated with the early formation of a working alliance in a three‐way interaction. The analysis showed that the mediator efficiently managed the focus of the conversation and validated the parents’ perspectives, but was reticent in addressing interactional issues. Our findings suggest that mediators in high‐conflict custody mediation cases can facilitate the formation of an alliance between the parents, as well as between the mediator and the parents, by taking into account three main aspects of the interaction: (1) the management of the focus of the conversation; (2) validation of the parties’ perspectives; and (3) adapting interventions and tasks to the cohesion of the parent dyad.Practitioner points

Mediators support the formation of a collaborative alliance by managing the focus of the conversation and validating parties’ perspectives
Low parent dyad cohesion may bar cooperation on seemingly minor issues and a working alliance should be established early on
Ample spacing between mediation sessions allows parents time to try out and evaluate different practical arrangements
Working on concrete items of a parenting plan contributes to improving cooperation
On the advancement of therapeutic penality: therapeutic authority, personality science and the therapeutic community
Authors: McBride Ruari‐Santiago 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this article I examine the advancement of therapeutic penality in the UK, a penal philosophy that reimagines prison policy, practices and environments utilising psychological knowledge. Adopting a historical approach, I show how modern therapeutic penality is linked to the emergence of personality science in the nineteenth century and the development of the democratic therapeutic community (DTC) model in the twentieth century. I outline how at the turn of the twenty‐first century a catalytic event generated a moral panic that led the British government to mobilise psychological knowledge and technologies in an attempt to manage dangerous people with severe personality disorder. Tracing subsequent developments, I argue psychological ways of talking, thinking and acting have obtained unparalleled salience in domains of penality and, in turn, radically transformed the conditions of imprisonment.
A Simple and Effective Physical Characteristic Profiling Method for Methamphetamine Tablet Seized in China
Authors: Li Tao , Hua Zhendong , Meng Xin , Liu Cuimei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMethamphetamine (MA) tablet production confers chemical and physical properties. This study developed a simple and effective physical characteristic profiling method for MA tablets with capital letter “WY” logos, which realized the discrimination between linked and unlinked seizures. Seventeen signature distances extracted from the “WY” logo were explored as factors for multivariate analysis and demonstrated to be effective to represent the features of tablets in the drug intelligence perspective. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate efficiency of different pretreatments and distance/correlation metrics, while “Standardization + Euclidean” and “Logarithm + Euclidean” algorithms outperformed the rest. Finally, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) was applied to the data set of 200 MA tablet seizures randomly selected from cases all around China in 2015, and 76% of them were classified into a group named after “WY‐001.” Moreover, the “WY‐001” tablets occupied 51–80% tablet seizures from 2011 to 2015 in China, indicating the existence of a huge clandestine factory incessantly manufacturing MA tablets.
Characteristics of Integrons and Associated Gene Cassettes in Antibiotic‐Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Free‐Ranging Food Animals in China
Authors: Rehman Mujeeb Ur , Zhang Hui , Huang Shucheng , Iqbal Muhammad Kashif , Mehmood Khalid , Luo Houqiang , Li Jiakui 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe investigated the occurrence of integrons in antibiotic‐resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from free‐ranging food animals, including yaks, piglets, and chickens, in China, and characterized the gene cassettes harbored within the integrons. We examined 432 E. coli strains that exhibited resistance to at least one class of antibiotics. Integrase genes and associated gene cassettes were characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, restriction fragment‐length polymorphism, DNA sequencing, conjugation experiments, and plasmid analysis. Twenty‐nine (6.7%) integrons were amplified from the 432 antimicrobial‐resistant (AMR) isolates evaluated. Specifically, class 1 and 2 integrons were detected in 26 (6%) and 3 (0.7%) strains, respectively. Meanwhile, 6 different gene cassettes, dfrA1, dfr12, aadA1, aadA2, sat1, and orfF, were detected within 6 variable regions (VRs), of which the dfrA1 + aadA1 array was the most common, identified in 12 of 26 class 1 integrons (46.1%). Meanwhile, only one class 2 integron contained a cassette, and the remaining two contained undetermined VRs. Finally, a conjugation assay confirmed the transfer of 4 different types of class 1 integrons into recipient strains, with plasmid sizes ranging from 20 to 30 kb. This is the first report examining the baseline AMR characteristics of E. coli within an extensive farming system of livestock animals in China. Given that integrons were detected in >6% of resistant E. coli strains, precautionary measures are required to prevent the spread of mobile genetic resistance determinants in food animals and monitor their emergence.
Impact on survival of warfarin in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension receiving subcutaneous treprostinil
Authors: Ascha Mona , Zhou Xuan , Rao Youlan , Minai Omar A. , Tonelli Adriano R. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryIntroductionAnticoagulation is a common treatment modality in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Further studies are needed to appropriately assess the risk/benefit ratio of anticoagulation, particularly in PAH patients receiving PAH‐specific therapies.AimsWe use observational long‐term data on PAH patients treated with subcutaneous (SQ) treprostinil from a large open‐label study. Patients were followed for up to 4 years. The use of warfarin and bleeding events were recorded.ResultsAt total of 860 patients (age [mean±SD] 46±15 years, 76% female, 83% Caucasian, 49% idiopathic PAH, and 76% New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class III) were included. All patients received SQ treprostinil (15% also other pulmonary hypertension [PH]‐therapies) and 590 (69%) received warfarin during the study. The proportions of women, African American, and idiopathic pulmonary hypertension (IPAH) patients were higher in the group receiving warfarin. A higher proportion of patients with congenital heart disease and portopulmonary hypertension did not receive warfarin. There were no differences in unadjusted long‐term survival between PAH patients receiving warfarin or not (log‐rank test, P value=.69), even when only considering idiopathic PAH (P=.32). In addition, no difference was found in adjusted long‐term survival both in PAH (P=.84) and idiopathic PAH patients (P=.44) based on the use of warfarin. Furthermore, no survival difference based on the use of warfarin were noted between propensity score‐matched PAH patients (P=.37).ConclusionsLong‐term anticoagulation with warfarin was not associated with any significant effect on survival in PAH or idiopathic PAH patients treated with SQ treprostinil.
Influence of academic training in endodontics and implantology on decision‐making in undergraduate students
Authors: Pineda Kenneth , Bueno Rufino , Alvarado Carlos , Abella Francesc , Roig Miguel , Duran‐Sindreu Fernando 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the effect of academic training on decision‐making in a group of undergraduates who have undergone training in endodontics and implantology.Basic proceduresA single group of undergraduate dentistry students (n = 65) was given a survey consisting of 15 endodontic cases. Each case included periapical radiographs and clinical photographs. Students were asked to select one of the eight proposed treatments. In their 4th year, the students first responded to the survey after completing endodontics. One year later, after completing their studies in implantology, the same students completed the same survey again.Main findingsUnder the conditions of this study, differences in undergraduate training significantly affected treatment decisions.Principal ConclusionsUndergraduate decision‐making was affected by academic training.
Coding in surgery: impact of a specialized coding proforma in hepato‐pancreato‐biliary surgery
Authors: Murphy Jennifer , May Charlotte , Di Carlo Sara , Beckingham Ian , Cameron Iain C. , Gomez Dhanny 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundCoding inaccuracies in surgery misrepresent the productivity of hospitals and outcome data of surgeons. The aim of this study was to audit the extent of coding inaccuracies in hepato‐pancreato‐biliary (HPB) surgery and assess the financial impact of introducing a coding proforma.MethodsCoding of patients who underwent elective HPB surgery over a 3‐month period was audited. Codes were based on International Classification of Diseases 10 and Office of Population and Census Surveys‐4 codes. A coding proforma was introduced and assessed. New human resource group codes were re‐assigned and new tariffs calculated. A cost analysis was also performed.ResultsPrior to the introduction of the coding proforma, 42.0% of patients had the incorrect diagnosis and 48.5% had missing co‐morbidities. In addition, 14.5% of primary procedures were incorrect and 37.6% had additional procedures that were not coded for at all. Following the introduction of the coding proforma, there was a 27.5% improvement in the accuracy of primary diagnosis (P < 0.001) and 21% improvement in co‐morbidities (P = 0.002). There was a 7.2% improvement in the accuracy of coding primary procedures (P = not significant) and a 21% improvement in the accuracy of coding of additional procedures (P < 0.001). Financial loss as a result of coding inaccuracy over our 3‐month study period was £56 073 with an estimated annual loss of £228 292.ConclusionCoding in HPB surgery is prone to coding inaccuracies due to the complex nature of HPB surgery and the patient case‐mix. A specialized coding proforma completed ‘in theatre’ significantly improves the accuracy of coding and prevents loss of income.
Pathways governing development of stem cell‐derived pancreatic β cells: lessons from embryogenesis
Authors: Al‐Khawaga Sara , Memon Bushra , Butler Alexandra E. , Taheri Shahrad , Abou‐Samra Abdul B. , Abdelalim Essam M. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe loss of functional β cells leads to development of diabetes. Several studies have shown that β cells are specified through several stages of progenitors during pancreas development, each stage defined by the expression of specific transcription factors (TFs). Understanding signalling pathways that control the differentiation and specification processes during embryogenesis will facilitate efforts to obtain functional β cells in vitro. Our current knowledge of the mechanisms involved in pancreatic β cell development and survival under normal or diabetic conditions has come largely from animal studies. However, there are marked differences in islet structure and physiological properties between humans and animals, and not all phenotypes of human diabetes can be recapitulated in animal models. Therefore, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs), including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) and human induced PSCs (hiPSCs) offer a great opportunity for increasing our understanding of the pathways regulating human pancreatic β‐cell development and survival. Furthermore, hPSCs provide a renewable source of functional pancreatic β cells for cell replacement therapy as well as disease modelling. Herein, we discuss the signalling pathways involved in the development of pancreatic β cells during embryogenesis. Additionally, we describe how these pathways are manipulated in vitro to differentiate hPSCs into functional β cells. Finally, we highlight the progress that has been made for the applications of those cells in treating and modelling diabetes.
Longitudinal Relations Among Positivity, Perceived Positive School Climate, and Prosocial Behavior in Colombian Adolescents
Authors: Luengo Kanacri Bernadette P. , Eisenberg Nancy , Thartori Eriona , Pastorelli Concetta , Uribe Tirado Liliana M. , Gerbino Maria , Caprara Gian V. 
Published: June 2017

Bidirectional relations among adolescents’ positivity, perceived positive school climate, and prosocial behavior were examined in Colombian youth. Also, the role of a positive school climate in mediating the relation of positivity to prosocial behaviors was tested. Adolescents (N = 151; Mage of child in Wave 1 = 12.68, SD = 1.06; 58.9% male) and their parents (N = 127) provided data in two waves (9 months apart). A model of bidirectional relations between positivity and perceived positive school climate emerged. In addition, adolescents with higher levels of perceived positive school climate at age 12 showed higher levels of prosocial behaviors in the following year. Positive school climate related positivity to adolescents’ prosocial behavior over time.