bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting soil C changes over sugarcane expansion in Brazil using the DayCent model
Authors: Oliveira Dener M. S. , Williams Stephen , Cerri Carlos E. P. , Paustian Keith 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn recent years, the increase in Brazilian ethanol production has been based on expansion of sugarcane‐cropped area, mainly by the land use change (LUC) pasture–sugarcane. However, second‐generation (2G) cellulosic‐derived ethanol supplies are likely to increase dramatically in the next years in Brazil. Both these management changes potentially affect soil C (SOC) changes and may have a significant impact on the greenhouse gases balance of Brazilian ethanol. To evaluate these impacts, we used the DayCent model to predict the influence of the LUC native vegetation (NV)–pasture (PA)–sugarcane (SG), as well as to evaluate the effect of different management practices (straw removal, no‐tillage, and application of organic amendments) on long‐term SOC changes in sugarcane areas in Brazil. The DayCent model estimated that the conversion of NV‐PA caused SOC losses of 0.34 ± 0.03 Mg ha−1 yr−1, while the conversion PA‐SG resulted in SOC gains of 0.16 ± 0.04 Mg ha−1 yr−1. Moreover, simulations showed SOC losses of 0.19 ± 0.04 Mg ha−1 yr−1 in SG areas in Brazil with straw removal. However, our analysis suggested that adoption of some best management practices can mitigate these losses, highlighting the application of organic amendments (+0.14 ± 0.03 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). Based on the commitments made by Brazilian government in the UNFCCC, we estimated the ethanol production needed to meet the domestic demand by 2030. If the increase in ethanol production was based on the expansion of sugarcane area on degraded pasture land, the model predicted a SOC accretion of 144 Tg from 2020 to 2050, while increased ethanol production based on straw removal as a cellulosic feedstock was predicted to decrease SOC by 50 Tg over the same 30‐year period.
Vonoprazan improves the efficacy of Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy with a regimen consisting of clarithromycin and metronidazole in patients allergic to penicillin
Authors: Ono Shoko , Kato Mototsugu , Nakagawa Soichi , Mabe Katsuhiro , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough all Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)‐positive patients should receive eradication therapy, the therapy is a challenge for patients allergic to penicillin. There have been a few reports on the efficacy of eradication therapy for such patients.ObjectiveTo analyze the efficacy of vonoprazan or proton pump inhibitor (PPI)‐based 7‐day triple therapy in patients allergic to penicillin.Materials and MethodsA total of 88 consecutive patients allergic to penicillin who received H. pylori eradication therapy were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty‐one patients had a history of failed eradication therapy. Four 7‐day regimens were prescribed during the study period: clarithromycin‐metronidazole‐PPI (13 patients), clarithromycin‐metronidazole‐vonoprazan (14 patients), metronidazole‐sitafloxacin‐PPI (44 patients) and metronidazole‐sitafloxacin‐vonoprazan (17 patients). A 13C‐urea breath test was used for confirmation of eradication, and efficacy of eradication was evaluated by “intention‐to‐treat” analysis and “per‐protocol” analysis.ResultsIntention‐to‐treat and per‐protocol eradication rates were 46.2%/54.6% for patients who received clarithromycin‐metronidazole‐PPI, 92.9/92.9% for patients who received clarithromycin‐metronidazole‐vonoprazan, 100/100% for patients who received metronidazole‐sitafloxacin‐PPI and 88.2/93.8% for patients who received metronidazole‐sitafloxacin‐vonoprazan. For first eradication, vonoprazan significantly raised the intention‐to‐treat efficacy of the triple therapy including clarithromycin‐metronidazole (vonoprazan: 92.9%, PPI: 46.2%, P=.0128). A 7‐day regimen consisting of metronidazole and sitafloxacin was effective for patients allergic to penicillin with or without past failure of eradication.ConclusionFor first eradication in patients allergic to penicillin, a 7‐day triple therapy consisting of clarithromycin, metronidazole and vonoprazan could be a candidate eradication regimen.
Vascular architecture as a diagnostic marker for differentiation of World Health Organization thymoma subtypes and thymic carcinoma
Authors: Pfister Frederick , Hussain Hussam , Belharazem Djeda , Busch Svenja , Simon‐Keller Katja , Becker Dominic , Pfister Eva , Rieker Ralf , Ströbel Philipp , Marx Alexander 
Published: January 2017

AimsThymomas and thymic squamous cell carcinomas (TSQCCs) are rare thymic epithelial tumours. Data on angiogenesis and vascular phenotype in these tumours are limited, and no study has taken histological World Health Organization (WHO) subtypes into account. The aim of this study was to compare vascularization, pericytes coverage and expression of angiogenic growth factors in different WHO‐defined subtypes of thymomaMethods and resultsVascular density, diameter and architecture and expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (SMA), platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor‐β (PDGFRβ), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (VEGFR1) and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) were investigated in WHO type A, AB, B1, B2 and B3 thymomas and TSQCCs, by the use of immunostaining, quantitative morphometry, and tumour vessel isolation by trypsin digestion. Expression levels of angiopoietin 1 (Ang‐1), angiopoietin 2 (Ang‐2), VEGF‐A, PDGF‐B and Hif‐1α were examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A and AB thymomas were characterized by a dense network of capillary‐like vessels with tight pericyte coverage, whereas B thymomas showed a loose vascular network with increasing vascular diameters and increasing expression of SMA and PDGFRβ from B1 to B3 thymomas and TSQCCs. VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were expressed in vessels of all analysed tumour entities, and at higher levels in epithelial cells of A and B3 thymomas and TSQCCs. mRNA of Ang‐2, but not of Ang‐1, was significantly up‐regulated in all thymoma subtypes, with the highest levels being found in A thymomas. In TSQCCs, Ang‐1 and VEGF were the predominantly up‐regulated growth factors. Hif‐1α was only up‐regulated in B3 thymomas and TSQCCs.ConclusionThymomas and TSQCCs differ significantly in their vascular architecture and expression of key angiogenic growth factors. The findings could help to improve the differential diagnosis of difficult‐to‐classify thymic epithelial tumours, and indicate different mechanisms of tumour angiogenesis and functional differences of tumour vessels of major thymoma subtypes and TSQCCs.
A literacy-sensitive approach to improving antibiotic understanding in a community-based setting
Authors: David Crystal M , O'Neal Katherine S , Miller Michael J , Johnson Jeremy L , Lloyd Ann E 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

Objective
Antibiotic misuse contributes to antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections. Patient and prescriber knowledge and behaviors influence antibiotic use. Past research has focused on describing and influencing prescriber behavior with less attention to the patient role in antibiotic use. This study seeks to: (1) develop and deploy a program to enhance patient knowledge about antibiotic use; (2) evaluate whether providing patient education is associated with improvements in antibiotic knowledge in a community-based sample; and (3) explore whether health literacy may be associated with knowledge of appropriate antibiotic use.

Method
This study developed, deployed, and evaluated whether community-based educational seminars enhance patient knowledge about antibiotic use.

Key findings
Twenty-eight participants from five locations completed the seminar. The antibiotic knowledge index score significantly increased by 2.0 points on the 14 point knowledge index from 10.95 (±2.88) to 12.95 (±1.72) (P = 0.0011) for the 19 participants completing both the pre and post-test.

Conclusion
A community-based educational seminar on appropriate antibiotic use can effectively increase patient understanding of their role in antibiotic stewardship and combat the inappropriate use of antibiotics.
Distilling a body of knowledge for information systems development
Authors: Hassan Nik Rushdi , Mathiassen Lars 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAs a contribution towards consolidating the information systems (IS) field, we offer a systematic method for distilling a canonical body of knowledge (BOK) for information systems development (ISD), an area that historically accounts for as much as half of all IS research. Based on an integrative synthesis of the literature, we present a map of the most significant ISD research, uncover gaps in its canons and suggest fruitful lines of inquiry for new research. Our review combines citation analysis, which identifies the field's evidence of cumulative tradition, with computer‐aided textual analysis, a hermeneutically guided method that organizes the fragmented corpus of ISD literature into coherent knowledge areas. From a pool of over 6500 articles published in the IS Senior Scholars' Basket of Journals, we find 940 IS citation classics, and from that list, 466 ISD articles that offer canonical ISD knowledge distinctive to IS and complementary to other disciplines such as software engineering and project management. From this study, we offer two contributions: (1) a justification for an ISDBOK grounded in the theory of practice and professionalism, and (2) a canonical map of disciplinary ISD knowledge with areas that have demonstrated cumulative tradition and others that require the attention of IS scholars. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Signalling pathways involved in hypoxia‐induced renal fibrosis
Authors: Liu Minna , Ning Xiaoxuan , Li Rong , Yang Zhen , Yang Xiaoxia , Sun Shiren , Qian Qi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRenal fibrosis is the common pathological hallmark of progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) with diverse aetiologies. Recent researches have highlighted the critical role of hypoxia during the development of renal fibrosis as a final common pathway in end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD), which joints the scientist's attention recently to exploit the molecular mechanism underlying hypoxia‐induced renal fibrogenesis. The scaring formation is a multilayered cellular response and involves the regulation of multiple hypoxia‐inducible signalling pathways and complex interactive networks. Therefore, this review will focus on the signalling pathways involved in hypoxia‐induced pathogenesis of interstitial fibrosis, including pathways mediated by HIF, TGF‐β, Notch, PKC/ERK, PI3K/Akt, NF‐κB, Ang II/ROS and microRNAs. Roles of molecules such as IL‐6, IL‐18, KIM‐1 and ADO are also reviewed. A comprehensive understanding of the roles that these hypoxia‐responsive signalling pathways and molecules play in the context of renal fibrosis will provide a foundation towards revealing the underlying mechanisms of progression of CKD and identifying novel therapeutic targets. In the future, promising new effective therapy against hypoxic effects may be successfully translated into the clinic to alleviate renal fibrosis and inhibit the progression of CKD.
Thromboelastography in Dogs with Chronic Hepatopathies
Authors: Fry W. , Lester C. , Etedali N.M. , Shaw S. , DeLaforcade A. , Webster C.R.L. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundThe coagulation status of dogs with liver disease is difficult to predict using conventional coagulation testing.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo evaluate thromboelastography (TEG) results and associations with conventional coagulation results and indicators of disease severity and prognosis in dogs with chronic hepatopathies (CH).AnimalsTwenty‐one client‐owned dogs.MethodsDogs with CH were prospectively (10 dogs) and retrospectively (11 dogs) enrolled from 2008 to 2014. Kaolin‐activated TEG was performed and compared with reference intervals by t‐tests or Mann‐Whitney tests. Correlation coefficients for TEG results and conventional coagulation and clinicopathologic results were determined. Significance was set at P < .05.ResultsDogs with CH had significant increases in R (5.30 min vs 4.33 min), K (3.77 min vs 2.11 min), and LY30 (4.77% vs 0.68%) and decreased angles (55.3° vs 62.4°). G value defined 9 of 21, 7 of 21, and 5 of 21 dogs as normocoagulable, hypercoagulable, and hypocoagulable, respectively. G and MA were correlated with fibrinogen (r = 0.68, 0.83), prothrombin time (PT; r = −0.51, −0.53), and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT; r = −0.50, −0.50). K was correlated with PT (r = 0.75) and protein C activity (r = −0.92). Angle was correlated with aPTT (r = −0.63). Clinical score was correlated with PT (r = 0.60), MA (r = −0.53), and R (r = −0.47). Dogs with hyperfibrinolysis (LY30 > 3.04%; 5 of 21) had significantly higher serum transaminase activities. Dogs with portal hypertension had significantly lower G, MA, and angle and prolonged, K, R, and PT.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDogs with CH have variable TEG results. Negative prognostic indicators in CH correlate with hypocoagulable parameters on TEG. Hyperfibrinolysis in dogs with CH is associated with high disease activity.
Development of a small lake: Ecotourism enterprise for Pandin Lake, San Pablo City, Philippines
Authors: Brillo Bing Baltazar C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study examines the development of Pandin Lake, a small lake in the Philippines, particularly the unconventional evolution of the ecotourism enterprise for the lake and the accompanying issues. The study concludes that Pandin Lake ecotourism development is mainly an endogenous initiative and that the intervention of the relevant administrative agencies is critical in addressing the contemporary issues. This study discusses the following issues: (i) the reasons for studying small lakes in the Philippines; (ii) Pandin Lake and its administration; (iii) the ecotourism enterprise evolution and issues regarding the lake; and (iv) the conclusions. It also addresses the extant gap in Philippine lake literature: specifically the scarcity of scholarly works on development‐oriented studies, noting the field is dominated by limnology and aquaculture studies, and on small lakes, noting the field concentrates heavily on studies of big lakes.
Impoundments affect fish reproduction regardless of reproductive strategy
Authors: Angulo‐Valencia Mirtha A. , Agostinho Angelo A. , Suzuki Harumi I. , da Luz‐Agostinho Karla D. G. , Agostinho Carlos S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMajor changes to local river habitats, after impoundment, are expected to restrict the reproductive activity of fishes with migratory strategies, although the changes are not expected to have relevant effects on fishes with other strategies. The reproductive activity of fishes with different reproductive strategies was evaluated along a longitudinal gradient before, and after, the formation of a reservoir on the Tocantins River (Tocantins State, Brazil). Samples were collected at six sites distributed along 80‐km stretch of the reservoir (R1 to R6 in the upstream–downstream direction) before and after the impoundment. The highest mean values of the reproductive activity index (RAI), considering all species in the river phase, were recorded for the intermediate segments (R4). The reproductive activity was classified as intense at the two sites located further upstream (R2 and R1). The highest mean RAI value after impoundment was observed for the site further upstream (R1). The reproductive activity was classified as intense, however, at every site, except for R6. Regardless of the reproductive strategy, mean RAI values were higher in this phase at site R1, particularly for long‐distance migratory species (LDM). The most lacustrine area (R6) was only relevant for the group of species with parental care. For non‐long‐distance migratory species, without parental care, the reproductive activity was intense at every site, except for R6. Overall, after the impoundment, the fish species tended to seek more lotic environments to spawn, including the riverine zone of the reservoir and side tributaries, regardless of the reproductive strategy. The results of this study provide evidence that impoundments affect the reproduction of the fish, independent of the reproductive strategy, although the intensity of the effect is different for each group.
When Do People Initiate a Negotiation? The Role of Discrepancy, Satisfaction, and Ability Beliefs
Authors: Reif Julia A. M. , Brodbeck Felix C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNegotiation research increasingly pays attention to the beginning of negotiations. Building on a theory of the initiation of negotiation we investigated when and why people consider initiating negotiations. Results from one field study and two scenario experiments show that a negative discrepancy between an actual state and a desired state increased the intention to initiate a negotiation and promoted real initiation behavior. This effect was mediated by the subjective perception of this discrepancy and feelings of dissatisfaction. Expectancy considerations in the form of ability to initiate negotiations and implicit beliefs about negotiation ability moderated this serial mediation effect: high initiation ability and incremental negotiation beliefs facilitated the decision to negotiate whereas low initiation ability and entity negotiation beliefs inhibited negotiation initiations. In the present work, we offer a first empirical test of the theory of initiation of negotiation.
Concealed Accessory Pathways with a Single Ventricular and Two Discrete Atrial Insertion Sites
Authors: KIPP RYAN T. , ABU SHAM'A RAED , HIROYUKI ITO , HAN FREDERICK T. , REFAAT MARWAN , HSU JONATHAN C. , FIELD MICHAEL E. , KOPP DOUGLAS E. , MARCUS GREGORY M. , SCHEINMAN MELVIN M. , HOFFMAYER KURT S. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundAtrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT) utilizing a concealed accessory pathway is common. It is well appreciated that some patients may have multiple accessory pathways with separate atrial and ventricular insertion sites.MethodsWe present three cases of AVRT utilizing concealed pathways with evidence that each utilizing a single ventricular insertion and two discrete atrial insertion sites.ResultsIn case one, two discrete atrial insertion sites were mapped in two separate procedures, and only during the second ablation was the Kent potential identified. Ablation of the Kent potential at this site remote from the two atrial insertion sites resulted in the termination of the retrograde conduction in both pathways. Case two presented with supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with alternating eccentric atrial activation patterns without alteration in the tachycardia cycle length. The two distinct atrial insertion sites during orthodromic AVRT and ventricular pacing were targeted and each of the two atrial insertion sites were successfully mapped and ablated. In case three, retrograde decremental conduction utilizing both atrial insertion sites was identified prior to ablation. After mapping and ablation of the first discrete atrial insertion site, tachycardia persisted utilizing the second atrial insertion site. Only after ablation of the second atrial insertion site was SVT noninducible, and VA conduction was no longer present.ConclusionsConcealed retrograde accessory pathways with discrete atrial insertion sites may have a common ventricular insertion site. Identification and ablation of the ventricular insertion site or the separate discrete atrial insertion sites result in successful treatment.
Autoimmune enteropathy and hepatitis in pediatric heart transplant recipient
Authors: Lewis Kimberly , Butts Ryan , Antonio Quiros J. , Hudspeth Michelle , Twombley Katherine , Savage Andrew , Self Sally , Burnette Ali , Sun Shaoli 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAIE is a rare disorder in children that presents with severe diarrhea and malabsorption, caused by immune‐mediated damage to intestinal mucosa. AIE is often associated with various syndromes of immunodeficiency including IPEX syndrome (immune dysregulation, polyendocrinopathy and enteropathy, X‐linked). Dysfunctional T regulatory cells are the source of pathology in both IPEX syndrome and AIE as they are essential in maintaining tolerance to self‐antigens and eliminating autoreactive B cells. This case report describes a 10‐year‐old cardiac transplant and total thymectomy patient on chronic immunosuppression with tacrolimus that presented with AIE and extraintestinal manifestations of cyclical hepatitis. Transition from tacrolimus to sirolimus successfully increased T regulatory cells and resolved enteritis and hepatitis symptoms. Data support that thymectomy at <1 year of age increases risk of autoimmune disease due to abnormal immune maturation. Studies suggest that the sirolimus promotes the upregulation of the FoxP3 protein that is classically associated with Tregs. In turn, Tregs prevent the maturation of autoreactive B cells that lead to autoimmune reactions.
School Spillover and College Student Health
Authors: Pedersen Daphne E. , Swenberger Jenelle , Moes Katlyn E. 
Published: January 2017

This article uses a stress carryover perspective to examine the association between school spillover and mental and behavioral health outcomes among college undergraduates. School spillover occurs when the obligations and pressures of student life extend into other domains through shared behaviors or stress. The sample (N = 250) consisted of undergraduate students between the ages of 18 and 29 enrolled at a midsized midwestern university. Findings showed that on average, students reported a moderate level of school spillover. Among mental health outcomes, school spillover was positively associated with feeling nervous, restless or fidgety, worthless, depressed, and hopeless. Among behavioral health outcomes, results showed that school spillover was negatively associated with sleep hours per night and positively associated with number of sex partners. Contrary to past empirical studies, school spillover was not significantly associated with drinking or binge drinking. Findings have implications for those who work in student support and campus mental health services.
Large-Scale Evaluation of
In Vitro
Amphotericin B, Triazole, and Echinocandin Activity against Coccidioides Species from U.S. Institutions
Authors: Thompson George R. , Barker Bridget M. , Wiederhold Nathan P. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACT

Large-scale testing of
Coccidioides
isolates has not been performed, and the frequency of clinical isolates with elevated amphotericin B or triazole MICs has not been evaluated.
Coccidioides
isolates (
n
= 581) underwent antifungal susceptibility testing. Elevated MIC values were observed for fluconazole (≥16 μg/ml, 37.3% of isolates; ≥32 μg/ml, 7.9% of isolates), itraconazole (≥2 μg/ml, 1.0% of isolates), posaconazole (≥1 μg/ml, 1.0% of isolates), and voriconazole (≥2 μg/ml, 1.2% of isolates). However, mold-active triazoles exhibited low MICs for the majority of isolates tested. Additional correlation with patient outcomes to determine the relevance of elevated MICs in
Coccidioides
isolates is needed.