bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diagnostic Dilemmas in Fetal Scalp Cystic Lesions: A Case Series
Authors: Potdar Omkar , Suresh Indrani , Raja Vijayalakshmi , Yadav Sakshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFetal Scalp cystic lesions are occasionally encountered during the routine mid trimester scan. Some may be benign scalp cysts like an epidermal or dermal cyst, and some may contain neural tissue with associated calvarial defects like meningocele or encephalocele. Prenatally, differentiating them and arriving at an exact diagnosis is challenging. This case study describes seven cases diagnosed with fetal scalp cysts and normal intracranial anatomy. Seven cases with normal intracranial anatomy were included. Out of seven cases, four turned out to be scalp cysts, two turned out to be meningocele, and one was atretic encephalocele. Of four cases of scalp cysts, three regressed spontaneously and one required surgical excision. All instances of meningocele and encephalocele required surgical correction. In the case of fetal scalp cystic lesions, the presence of normal intracranial anatomy and head circumference, the absence of other associated anomalies, and the use of high frequency ultrasound transducers to rule out calvarial defects can aid in delineating the diagnosis of benign fetal scalp cysts.
Video of the Month: Pulsating Umbilicus in a Neonate with Left Ventricular Diverticulum
Authors: Moormann M. , Vollroth M. , Lacher M. , Stepan H. , Gräfe D. , Thome U. , Rützel S. , Weidenbach M. , Martynov I. , Pügge C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLeft ventricular diverticulum (LVD) is a rare malformation presenting in 0.05% of all congenital cardiac anomalies. It is associated with additional cardiac and extracardiac malformations. We report on a female neonate with prenatally diagnosed heterotaxia and dextrocardia who was born with a pulsating supraumbilical mass. Echocardiography revealed a diverticulum originating from the left ventricle, which was connected to the umbilicus. Magnetic resonance imaging confirmed an LVD without evidence of a diaphragmatic hernia on the day of life 9. The child underwent laparotomy/lower sternotomy, and the diverticulum and epigastric hernia were closed. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the girl was discharged on the 10th postoperative day. In a neonate with a pulsatile supraumbilical mass, the diagnosis of a congenital LVD should be taken into consideration. The treatment is straightforward and was successful in this single case.
Paranasal Sinus Visualization Capabilities of a Novel Articulating Rigid-Flexible Endoscope: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Feng Allen L. , Ringel Barak , Holbrook Eric H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction Rigid endoscopes have allowed surgeons to safely perform endoscopic sinus surgery. However, their rigid nature creates inherent visualization limitations. The study herein looks to assess the visualization potential of a novel articulating rigid-flexible endoscope when compared with traditional rigid and flexible nasal endoscopes.
Methods A new articulating endoscope capable of bending its distal tip and extending beyond the point of angulation was compared with 0- and 30-degree 4.0-mm rigid endoscopes, and a 3.7-mm flexible nasopharyngoscope in their ability to visualize predefined anatomic landmarks within the maxillary, sphenoid, and frontal sinuses. Visible markers were placed at applicable landmarks using image guidance in a total of five cadaveric heads. The ability to visualize these intrasinus anatomic landmarks was recorded for each scope.
Results When inspecting the surgically naive anatomy of all sinus ostia and predefined anatomic landmarks, the articulating endoscope had superior visualization (p < 0.01) compared with the 0-degree, 30-degree, and flexible endoscopes throughout all sinuses (maxillary sinus: 62.5, 0, 5, and 0%, respectively; sphenoidal sinus: 92.5, 27.5, 37.5, and 40%, respectively; frontal sinus: 51.4, 5.7, 20, and 37.1%, respectively). After performing a Draf IIa, the articulating endoscope was able to visualize 100% of the predefined frontal sinus landmarks compared with 22.9, 45.7, and 65.7% for the 0-degree, 30-degree, and flexible endoscopes, respectively (p < 0.001).
Conclusion The articulating rigid-flexible endoscope is superior in reaching and visualizing anatomic landmarks within the paranasal sinuses, compared with standard endoscopes.
Effect of Plate Screw Configuration on Construct Stiffness and Plate Strain in a Synthetic Short Fragment Small Gap Fracture Model Stabilized with a 12-Hole 3.5-mm Locking Compression Plate
Authors: Trefny Fabian N. , Glyde Mark R. , Hosgood Giselle L. , Day Robert E. , Hayes Alex 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a short and long working length screw configuration on construct stiffness and plate strain in a synthetic, short fragment, small gap fracture model stabilized with a 12-hole 3.5-mm locking compression plate (LCP).
Study Design Six replicates of short and long working length constructs on a short fragment, small gap fracture model underwent four-point bending. Construct stiffness and plate strain were compared across working length and along the plate.
Results With the LCP on the compression surface (compression bending), the short working length had a significantly higher construct stiffness and lower plate strain than the long working length. Conversely, with the LCP on the tension surface (tension bending), transcortical contact between 150 and 155 N induced load sharing at the fracture gap, which significantly increased construct stiffness and decreased plate strain in the long working length. At 100 N (precontact), the short working length had a significantly higher construct stiffness and lower plate strain than the long working length, comparable with our compressing bending results.
Conclusion In compression bending, and before transcortical contact occurred in tension bending, the short working length had a significantly higher construct stiffness and lower plate strain than the long working length. Load sharing due to transcortical contact observed in our model in tension bending will vary with fracture gap, working length, and loading condition. These results must be interpreted with caution when considering clinical relevance or potential in vivo biomechanical advantages.
Rhodium-repaired Ga-defect in GaN, exhibiting extremely strong SOF2 molecule selectivity at room temperature: A DFT study
Authors: Tan Xiangyu , Na Zhimin , Zhuo Ran , Zhou Fangrong , Wang Dibo , Zhu Longchang , Yan Yongxu 
Published: October 2024

GaN is an emerging 2D material with a wide direct bandgap and high carrier concentration. By using computational methods to introduce Ga defects in GaN, we have made a structure with extremely high chemical activity. After that, Ag, Pt, and Rh are used to repair Ga defects to reasonably suppress the overactive defect sites. In this way, the Ga defect GaN repaired by metal atoms was made. We used density functional theory for dispersion correction for calculation. Specifically, the Perdew–Berke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation method was used. Through the analysis of geometric structure, adsorption energy, electron transfer, deformation charge density, density of states, and band structure, it was screened that Rh@GaN could effectively adsorb SOF2 (adsorption energy −0.78 eV) and be accompanied by a high electron transfer (0.186e). Finally, through the analysis of recovery time and sensitivity, it is verified that Rh@GaN can adsorb SOF2 with high selectivity at room temperature and can generate up to 191.75% response signal to SOF2.
Temporary sensory separation of ewes from lambs effects stress-related behaviours and hormones of Small-tailed Han ewes
Authors: Han Chengquan , Wang Yueshang , Li Min , Li Fukuan , Wang Zhennan , Yang Yan , Wang Hui , Lv Shenjin 
Published: October 2024

Context Different individuals within a group can form strong links through auditory, visual, and tactile senses. Temporarily separating sheep into subflocks, although not involving complete social isolation of individuals, can be stressful, especially when ewes are separated from lambs. Aims This study aimed to explore the effects of 1-h temporary ewe–lamb sensory separations on stress-related behaviours during separation, as well as its effect on stress-related hormones of ewes. Methods Small-tailed Han ewes were randomly assigned to the following four groups (six each): the auditory + visual + tactile separation (A + V + T group), visual + tactile separation (V + T group), tactile separation (T group), and the control (C group). Then, the ewes were separated from their lambs for 1 h on Postnatal Days 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42. Ewe behaviours during the separations were observed using focal animal-sampling methods. Key results Results showed that the separated ewes (A + V + T, V + T, and T groups) spent more time looking and exploring and less time lying (P < 0.05). Ewes showed more exploring behaviour in T group (P < 0.05). Ewes that gave birth to two lambs showed more urinating behaviour (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of stress-related hormones in ewes among the four different separation-method groups (A + V + T, V + T, T, and C groups). Conclusions One hour ewe-lamb sensory separation affected the stress related behaviours of Small-tailed Han ewes during separation, but it did not cause differences in stress-related hormones in ewes after the separation. Ewes showed increased exploring or urinating behaviour when they were separated through lack of tactile contact only with lambs, or when ewes give birth to two lambs. Implications Ewes temporarily separated from their lambs are less stressed if they are unable to hear or see the lambs, thereby improving ewe welfare. These effects appear more pronounced in ewes with multiple lambs and provides new perspectives for further studies on the effect of litter size on ewe-lamb bonding.
Introduction
Authors: Michelson Kristen , Thoms Joshua J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Over the last decade, the fields of applied linguistics and second
language education have seen a renewed interest in socially oriented
perspectives on second language (L2) learning and teaching (Dubreil & Thorne, 2017; Paesani, Allen, & Dupuy, 2016;
Warner & Michelson, 2018). Similarly, researchers working in the field
of computer assisted language learning have increasingly examined
digitally-mediated communication and collaborative online learning with
respect to language and literacy development (e.g., Kern, 2021;
González-Lloret, 2020) given the ubiquitous nature of technological tools in
the social and academic lives of students at all levels of education.
Traditional notions of literacy continue to be re-conceptualized due to the
myriad ways in which texts are produced, accessed, and interpreted. The
aforementioned changes have had significant impacts on L2 reading as
technologies such as digital annotation tools have afforded students and
teachers to re-envision L2 reading as a more social/collaborative activity.
This introductory chapter therefore begins with definitions of some key
terms and a brief overview of empirical work related to digital social
reading (DSR) in L2 learning and teaching contexts carried out over the last
decade. Next, we include information about the theoretical perspectives that
frame the work included in the book. We then provide a brief summary of each
chapter.
Critical historical literacy in world languages through digital
social reading
Authors: Lynn Claudia Baska , Sayılı-Hurley Sibel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This exploratory study reports on digital social reading
(DSR) interactions in an advanced collegiate German course. Using a
stancetaking perspective, we examine how learners linguistically
conceptualize, discuss, and draw on historical thinking strategies
of continuity and change to evaluate historical, social, and
cultural patterns in texts and how their interactions mediate
peer-to-peer learning. Preliminary findings suggest that DSR can
mediate peer-to-peer interaction in a critical content-based course.
We conclude with suggestions for future research and teaching. The
results of this study indicate that an interactional analysis of
stancetaking can help researchers and instructors understand how
such peer-to-peer mediation of disciplinary language and thinking
approaches emerges in DSR.
Incorporating mindfulness into multiliteracies pedagogy
Authors: Blyth Carl 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter describes the distinctive state of mind of
Mindfulness (also referred to as Contemplation)
and argues for its inclusion in Multiliteracies pedagogy (Cope & Kalantzis, 2015).
Contemplative literacy practices encourage
instructors and learners to focus on the present moment, thereby
deepening our understanding of reading and writing as processes.
More specifically, the chapter reports on a Multiliteracies-inspired
college-level course entitled “Narrating the Multilingual Self”
during which L2 learners of French were guided to tell their
“multilingual life story” (Edwards, 2019). Based on the premise that learners
become the autobiographical narratives they construct about
themselves, the course explored the diverse, intersectional
experiences of French-speaking multilinguals. Following Barbezat and Bush (2014),
contemplative reading and writing activities were employed to
heighten the learners’ awareness of their own multilingual
subjectivities and identities. In contrast to traditional digital
social reading (DSR) assignments, contemplative forms of literacy
oblige learners to “slow things down” by annotating, reading aloud
and reflecting on the meanings and feelings engendered by texts.
Similarly, contemplative digital writing (DSW) activities include
freewriting, journaling, and annotating to promote greater
self-awareness of meaning-making as a personal, creative act.
Addressing text difficulty in novice L2 digital social
reading
Authors: Law James , Barny David , Dorsey Rachel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Data from L2 digital social reading (DSR) can reveal
textual features that increase literary discussion, with text
difficulty shown to be a key inhibiting factor. Using DSR, 200
beginning university French students annotated lyrics to six songs
of varying difficulty, with words beyond students’ expected
proficiency levels glossed in English. No inverse relationship was
found between four measures of text difficulty and the use of
literary affordances, suggesting that glossing effectively allows
beginning French learners to engage in literary discussion of texts
through DSR beyond their current proficiency level. Analysis of
other textual features leads to recommendations that teachers of
beginning L2 learners hoping to maximize literary discussion should
prioritize multimedia texts with cultural specificity and should
embrace texts of higher difficulty provided that glosses are added
as needed.
Developing digital social reading in source‑based writing
Authors: Karagöz Inanç , Liontas John I. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This chapter introduces eight digital social reading tasks
to facilitate second language source-based reading and writing
(Hirvela & Du,
2013): noticing grammatical structures, applying
vocabulary glossing, instigating conversations on reading content,
engaging critical thinking on arguments, making inferences,
dissecting model texts, reconstructing ideas, and crafting
source-based writing. They aim to support learners in acquiring
grammatical forms and vocabulary for writing, constructing topical
knowledge, and transforming reading-derived knowledge into writing.
The tasks are divided into three phases of increasing complexity,
which serve as support mechanisms and formative assessment points.
Sample prompts are provided for each phase to guide students in
showcasing their thinking on the source texts.
Conclusion
Authors: Michelson Kristen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this chapter, I present an overview of where we
currently sit with respect to research in digital social reading (DSR) in
L2 contexts by providing a critical synthesis of the findings and
implications of the chapters in this collection and making a case
for future research areas around DSR. Next, I offer an overview of
technical and pedagogical considerations practitioners might wish to
make when selecting a DAT for integrating DSR activities into L2
teaching and learning. Technical issues such as cost and
accessibility, privacy and visibility, text types supported, and
user experience are discussed, followed by pedagogical
considerations for optimally matching texts, tools, and techniques.
Finally, I showcase several methods and techniques from
multiliteracies pedagogies, demonstrating their compatibility with
DSR.
Plural conversations about argumentation
Authors: Todorovic Natalija , Lepori Benedetto , Rocci Andrea 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Argumentation studies are an area of inquiry with important interdisciplinary appeal. As such, the word
argumentation is used in communities with diverse perspectives and approaches. In this work we apply bibliometric and corpus
analysis to identify the semantic content of the “scientific conversations” about argumentation on dataset containing 10,000
scientific publications. We focus on outlets of publication of those documents to map the cognitive structure of the field and
use results as a seed for a linguistic analysis of discourse about argumentation in full-text documents’ relevant for each
cluster. Our findings show a small common core, which however branches into distinct discussions about argumentation.
Understanding these points of connection and separation is important for the field and for science in general, as they
highlight mechanisms of interdisciplinarity and reveal possibilities for future interactions and developments.
Establishing starting points in Editorials
Authors: Degano Chiara 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
If argumentation has to have a chance of success in solving a difference of opinion, there must be a common ground
between the participants, i.e. one or more objects of agreement between the parties, which can be exploited argumentatively.
This chapter focuses on how starting points are established in editorials and comments, taking as a case study a corpus of UK
newspaper articles on populism in the context of the 2016 referendum on Brexit.
The results suggest that starting points are discursively constructed either with a bona-fide intent of signalling
that the receiver should accept a proposition as a starting point, or the non-bona fide purpose of mocking those who would
subscribe to a given proposition. In either case, the ratified addressee typically belongs to the writer’s ‘party’, thus
confirming editorials as a genre with a strong epideictic component.
Arguments and framing strategies in Italian public discourse about measures to contrast the Covid-19 pandemic
Authors: Bigi Sarah , Grata Giulia , Mosconi Paola 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic has been described as a creeping crisis, which is a kind of crisis that
develops slowly, threatens common values, and is partially or insufficiently addressed by authorities. In order for an event
to appear as a “creeping crisis” citizens have to agree that it threatens common and core values. Only when this happens, a
response can be organized. This study reports on arguments and framing strategies used by policy makers in Italy to define the
virus and thus justify the restrictive measures meant to stop it. Attempts to persuade the population to adopt restrictive
measures during the pandemic relied on pragmatic argumentation, in which values such as ‘life’, ‘health’ and ‘essential’
played a significant role.
Press releases of COVID-19 vaccine manufacturers
Authors: Nikitina Jekaterina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Press releases dedicated to the creation of a new vaccine draw on a complex weave of information and promotion,
including at times also elements of manipulation. This discourse-analytical study explores the recurrent motifs and arguments
in a corpus of English-language press releases of three leading vaccine-manufacturers – AstraZeneca, Moderna and Gamaleya-RDIF
in the period directly preceding the launch of active vaccination campaigns. The study applies the framework of (critical)
discourse analysis with insights from argumentation theory and rhetoric. Two moves of the press release are compared:
boilerplate descriptions, performing a mixed informative-promotional function, and citations, to which an explicitly
promotional role is attributed. The findings identify a number of common leitmotifs with a partial overlap between
boilerplates and citations, especially concerning the safety issue. The latter is explicitly mentioned only in citations, i.e.
with reduced accountability for the company. Boilerplates explore enthymemes for persuasive and argumentative purposes to
convince the audience of the vaccine validity. Moderna and AstraZeneca use convergent techniques of persuasive argumentation,
whereas RDIF at times glides towards argumentative fallacies and manipulative strategies.
Argumentation and the “interaction of minds” in text
Authors: Tucker Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Whereas current theories stress argumentation’s interactional character and function, this chapter emphasizes its
cognitive motivation and textual realization. Text itself will be understood as the record of a course of verbally mediated
and interactionally negotiated cognitive explication, focused on some individual entity and progressively elaborated through
the intertwining of two orders of speech act – one pragmatically endowing propositions with illocutionary force
and cognitive intent, the other positing certain logico-rhetorical relations between them and thereby
binding them into discursive coherence. The chapter will concentrate on discourse on visual art, as text typically aiming to
explicate individual artworks or collections of such. Examples in English, Italian and French dating from the seventeenth
century to the present will show how the same cognitive and communicative strategies are played out in different languages and
periods.
Engaging conspiracy theories
Authors: Werner Tom 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
To encounter a conspiracy theory is to enter a dark world where normal rules do not apply. To reason with an
upholder of that theory is to come against a force-field which intensifies at every push, rendering ordinary persuasive
strategies counter-productive. In place of such strategies, I appeal to the underlying linguistic structure of moves in a
language game as providing a way out from the closed system of a conspiracy theory. This approach constitutes an application
of what may be called practical linguistics.
New approaches to investigating change in derivational productivity
Authors: Säily Tanja , Hilpert Martin , Suomela Jukka 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study the productivity of the suffixes ‑ness and ‑ity in seventeenth‑
and eighteenth-century letters in the Corpora of Early English Correspondence. We analyze the role of
gender and five internal factors: etymology, the word class of the base, branching structure, semantics, and
occurrence in possessive constructions. We develop statistical and visual methods that facilitate diachronic
comparisons within factors and between competing suffixes; our basic measure is the proportion of types of interest
out of all relevant types, and we utilize permutation testing to assess the statistical significance of our findings.
Our results support and refine the earlier finding of a male-led increase in the productivity of ‑ity
and provide new information on the interplay of gender and internal factors.