bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circulating miR-122 and miR-200a as biomarkers for fatal liver disease in ART-treated, HIV-1-infected individuals
Authors: Murray Daniel D. , Suzuki Kazuo , Law Matthew , Trebicka Jonel , Neuhaus Nordwall Jacquie , Johnson Margaret , Vjecha Michael J. , Kelleher Anthony D. , Emery Sean 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLiver disease is one of the main contributors to the increased levels of morbidity and mortality seen in the HIV-1-infected, ART-treated population. Circulating miRNAs, particularly those located inside extracellular vesicles, are seen as promising biomarkers for a number of human disease conditions, including liver-related diseases. Here, we show that serum levels of miR-122 and miR-200a are greater in HIV/HCV co-infected individuals compared to HIV-1 mono-infected individuals. We also show that miR-122 and miR-200a are elevated in ART-treated, HIV-1-infected individuals prior to the development of fatal liver disease, suggesting that these miRNA may have some potential clinical utility as biomarkers. While this study is hypothesis generating, it shows clearly that both miR-122 and miR-200a are promising novel biomarkers for liver disease in the ART-treated, HIV-1-infected population.
Release and Degradation of Microencapsulated Spinosad and Emamectin Benzoate
Authors: Huang Bin Bin , Zhang Shao Fei , Chen Peng Hao , Wu Gang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe dynamics of release and degradation of the microencapsulation formulation containing spinosad (SP) and emamectin benzoate (EM) were evaluated in the present study. SP and EM were microencapsulated using biodegradable poly-lactic acid (PLA) as the wall material. Their release from and degradation within the prepared SP and EM microspheres (SP-EM-microspheres) were studied. It was found that the encapsulation significantly prolonged the insecticide release. The release could be further extended if the external aqueous phase was pre-saturated with the insecticides and the microspheres were additionally coated with gelatin. On the other hand, increasing the water content of the emulsion or the hydrophilic polycaprolactone (PCL) content in the PLA/PCL mixture accelerated the release. Due to the photolysis and hydrolysis of SP and EM by sunlight, the toxicity of the non-encapsulated insecticides in water declined continuously from 0 through the 9thday (d), and dissipated in 13 d. In contrast, an aqueous suspension containing 5% SP-EM-microspheres maintained a mostly constant toxicity toPlutella xylostellafor 17 d. The biodegradable SP-EM-microspheres showed significantly higher long-term toxicity toP. xylostelladue to lower release, reduced photolysis and hydrolysis of the encapsulated insecticides, which were affected by the varied preparation conditions.
Investigation of the polymerization mechanism of ferrocene doped C60 under high pressure and high temperature
Authors: Sun Shishuai , Cui Wen , Wang Shuangming , Liu Bingbing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn situ high pressure and high temperature (HPHT) study has been carried out on C60/ferrocene (Fc) in order to detect the process of polymerization and reveal the polymerization mechanism. Pristine C60 was also studied under same conditions for comparison. In both cases, similar types of polymers can be observed after pressure and temperature release, but with different fractions, i.e. a larger amount of 2D polymers were formed in pure C60, while more branch-like polymers were synthesized in C60/Fc, although the most fraction of the polymers is still 1D chain-like polymer in both of the materials. The polymers formed in C60 can be detected both during the “up” run (pressure and temperature increase) and the “down” run (pressure and temperature decrease), while in C60/Fc, the polymers can only be synthesized in the “down” run. The differences between the two cases were attributed to the different initial lattice structures of the two materials and the confinement effect of the dopant. The polymerization mechanism on C60/Fc under HPHT was also revealed in this work.
The mechanical and photoelastic properties of 3D printable stress-visualized materials
Authors: Wang Li , Ju Yang , Xie Heping , Ma Guowei , Mao Lingtao , He Kexin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThree-dimensional (3D) printing technology integrating frozen stress techniques has created a novel way to directly represent and characterize 3D interior discontinuities and the full-field stress induced by mining- or construction-related disturbances of deeply buried rock masses. However, concerns have been raised about the similitude between the mechanical behaviours of the printed model and its prototype rock mass. Ensuring the mechanical properties of the printable materials are as close as possible to those of real rock mass is of critical significance. In this work, a transparent, light, photosensitive polymer material was investigated for applications in frozen stress tests. The chemical composition of the material was determined by integrating the results of infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy), X-ray diffraction (XRD), pyrolysis, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (PY-GC/MS). Measures to improve the mechanical properties of the printable material, including printing orientation, post-processing, and temperature control, were evaluated by comparing the treated material with its prototype rock. The optical stress sensitivity of the material, including stress-visualized properties and stress-frozen performance, was also tested. This study offers an understanding of how printable materials should be modified to better simulate real rock masses, in terms of not only their geological geometry but also their mechanical performance.
Mild traumatic brain injury induces memory deficits with alteration of gene expression profile
Authors: Luo Yawen , Zou Haiyan , Wu Yili , Cai Fang , Zhang Si , Song Weihong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractRepeated mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI), the most common type of traumatic brain injuries, can result in neurological dysfunction and cognitive deficits. However, the molecular mechanisms and the long-term consequence of rmTBI remain elusive. In this study, we developed a modified rmTBI mouse model and found that rmTBI-induced transient neurological deficits and persistent impairments of spatial memory function. Furthermore, rmTBI mice had long-lasting detrimental effect on cognitive function, exhibiting memory deficits even 12 weeks after rmTBI. Microarray analysis of whole genome gene expression showed that rmTBI significantly altered the expression level of 87 genes which are involved in apoptosis, stress response, metabolism, and synaptic plasticity. The results indicate the potential mechanism underlying rmTBI-induced acute neurological deficits and its chronic effect on memory impairments. This study suggests that long-term monitoring and interventions for rmTBI individuals are essential for memory function recovery and reducing the risk of developing neurodegenerative diseases.
Electrokinetically driven continuous-flow enrichment of colloidal particles by Joule heating induced temperature gradient focusing in a convergent-divergent microfluidic structure
Authors: Zhao Cunlu , Ge Zhengwei , Song Yongxin , Yang Chun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEnrichment of colloidal particles in continuous flow has not only numerous applications but also poses a great challenge in controlling physical forces that are required for achieving particle enrichment. Here, we for the first time experimentally demonstrate the electrokinetically-driven continuous-flow enrichment of colloidal particles with Joule heating induced temperature gradient focusing (TGF) in a microfluidic convergent-divergent structure. We consider four mechanisms of particle transport, i.e., advection due to electroosmosis, electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis and, and further clarify their roles in the particle enrichment. It is experimentally determined and numerically verified that the particle thermophoresis plays dominant roles in enrichment of all particle sizes considered in this study and the combined effect of electroosmosis-induced advection and electrophoresis is mainly to transport particles to the zone of enrichment. Specifically, the enrichment of particles is achieved with combined DC and AC voltages rather than a sole DC or AC voltage. A numerical model is formulated with consideration of the abovementioned four mechanisms, and the model can rationalize the experimental observations. Particularly, our analysis of numerical and experimental results indicates that thermophoresis which is usually an overlooked mechanism of material transport is crucial for the successful electrokinetic enrichment of particles with Joule heating induced TGF.
A clinical investigation treating different types of fibroids identified by MRI-T2WI imaging with ultrasound guided high intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Zhao Wen-Peng , Zhang Jing , Han Zhi-Yu , Yao Jin-Peng , Zhou Xiang , Liang Ping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractClinical data from 172 cases of uterine fibroids with different appearances on MRI-T2WI and accepted ultrasound guided high intensity focused ultrasound (USgHIFU) treatment were retrospectively analyzed. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of ablating different types of fibroids, classified by T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-T2WI). Based on MRI-T2WI signal intensities, uterine fibroids were classified as three types: hypointensive (52 cases), isointensive (64 cases) and hyperintensive (56 cases). Evaluation parameters including treatment time, ablation efficiency, percentage non-perfused volume, fibroid reduction rate, adverse reactions, symptom severity scores (SSS) and re-intervention rate were assessed from 3 months to 1 year. The percentage non-perfused volume and ablation efficiency of hyperintensive uterine fibroids were lower than those of isointensive and hypointensive uterine fibroids. All fibroids shrunk and the SSS continued to reduce at 3 and 6 months after treatment respectively. At 12-month postoperative assessments, hypointensive fibroids continued to shrink, while the isointensive fibroids enlarged but remained smaller than pre-treatment. The incident rate of postoperative Society of Interventional Radiology B-class (SIRB-class) adverse events showed no significant differences. The re-interventional rate of hyperintensive fibroids was higher than in isointensive and hypointensive groups. USgHIFU ablation of all types of fibroids were safe and effective.
The presence of acquired enamel pellicle changes acid-induced erosion from dissolution to a softening process
Authors: Mutahar Mahdi , Carpenter Guy , Bartlett David , German Matthew , Moazzez Rebecca 
Published: September 2017

AbstractErosive wear undermines the structural properties of enamel resulting in irreversible enamel loss. A thin protein layer formed from natural saliva on tooth surfaces, acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), protects against erosive wear. The exact components in saliva responsible for such protection are not yet known. We prepared three solutions containing different components: proteins and ions [natural saliva (NS)], minerals with no proteins [artificial saliva (AS)] and neither proteins nor ions [deionised water (DW)]. To assess the protection of the three solutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immersed in the corresponding solution for 24 h. All specimens were then exposed to five erosion cycles, each consisted of a further 30 min immersion in the same solution followed by 10-min erosion. Mean step height using a non-contacting profilometer, mean surface microhardness (SMH) using Knoop microhardness tester (final SMH), and roughness and 2D profiles using atomic force microscopy were measured after five cycles. The final SMH values were compared to the starting values (after 24 hr). NS group had significantly less tissue loss but greater SMH change (P < 0.0001) than AS and DW groups. Specimens in NS were softer and rougher (P < 0.001) but less eroded than specimens in AS and DW.
Effects of Lexical Variables on Silent Reading Comprehension in Individuals With Aphasia: Evidence From Eye Tracking
Authors: DeDe Gayle 
Published: September 2017

PurposePrevious eye-tracking research has suggested that individuals with aphasia (IWA) do not assign syntactic structure on their first pass through a sentence during silent reading comprehension. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the time course with which lexical variables affect silent reading comprehension in IWA. Three lexical variables were investigated: word frequency, word class, and word length.MethodsIWA and control participants without brain damage participated in the experiment. Participants read sentences while a camera tracked their eye movements.ResultsIWA showed effects of word class, word length, and word frequency that were similar to or greater than those observed in controls.ConclusionsIWA showed sensitivity to lexical variables on the first pass through the sentence. The results are consistent with the view that IWA focus on lexical access on their first pass through a sentence and then work to build syntactic structure on subsequent passes. In addition, IWA showed very long rereading times and low skipping rates overall, which may contribute to some of the group differences in reading comprehension.
Design, analysis and performance of a bidirectional solar inverter with a global and independent maximum power extraction technique
Authors: Junior Cláudio J.O. , Pires Lucas P. , Freitas Luiz C. , Coelho Ernane A.A. , Lima Gustavo B. , Freitas Luiz C.G. 
Published: September 2017

This study presents the development, design and performance analysis of a multistring bidirectional solar inverter connected to the grid (BSICG). An algorithm for the independent global maximum power tracking was both developed and implemented, which produced a system immune to non‐uniform irradiation conditions with the aim of applying such on DC (direct current) microgrids connected to a conventional AC (alternating current) grid on the BSICG, which is characterised by bidirectional power flow management. The main advantage of this proposal is thus highlighted as the stabilisation of the voltage on the DC bus even when confronted with irradiance intermittencies from photovoltaic solar energy. All theories are presented and corroborated through experimental results obtained from a 2.0 kW prototype.
Percutaneous Embolization of Scalp Arteriovenous Malformation Using New Liquid Embolic Agent, SQUID: A Technical Report
Authors: Kannath Santhosh , Rajan Jayadevan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractScalp arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rare extracranial vascular malformations that are traditionally treated by surgical excision or by combined endovascular-surgical approaches. We describe percutaneous treatment of scalp AVM, using a new liquid embolic agent, SQUID. Because of its nonadhesive property, prolonged injection and complete obliteration of scalp AVM is feasible. The cast formed is aesthetically appealing to the patient, and it may obviate the need for further surgical excision. It could be considered as the primary treatment option for patients unwilling for surgery.
Clinical Significance of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformation Reperfusion
Authors: Kaufman Claire , Henderson Katharine , Pollak Jeffrey 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to assess the clinical significance of reperfused pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (rPAVM) after embolization. This study is a retrospective review of all patients from a single HHT center who underwent pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) embolization between January 1, 2006 and December 30, 2007. Clinical history, imaging findings (including reperfusion), and symptoms seen in the setting of PAVMs were reviewed both at the time of embolization and during the subsequent follow-up through December 30, 2013. During the 2-year treatment period, 101 patients underwent PAVM embolization. During the initial embolization, 27 patients were found to have reperfusion of a previously embolized PAVM. During the follow-up period, none of these patients had recurrence of the rPAVM. Three patients who underwent an embolization procedure for the first time at the initial procedure were subsequently found to have rPAVM during the follow-up period. This resulted in a total of 30 patients with rPAVMs. Eighteen (60%) of the 30 patients were found to be symptomatic at the time of presentation with rPAVM. However, 14 had at least one other significant PAVM at the time of diagnosis of reperfusion. Only two symptomatic patients had only rPAVM, both with mild manifestations. Two patients were excluded from the study as their symptoms were attributed to other medical comorbidities. The majority of symptomatic patients with rPAVM had additional PAVMs that required embolization. Neither of the symptomatic patients with an isolated rPAVM had severe manifestations.
Empagliflozin reduziert das Risiko für Mortalität sowie makro- und mikrovaskuläre Komplikationen bei Patienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes und bestehender kardiovaskulärer Erkrankung
Authors: Seufert Jochen , Galle Jan-Christoph , Manning Martina , Schmid Volkmar , Lehrke Michael 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungPatienten mit Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus haben auch bei optimierter Lipidsenkung, Blutdruckkontrolle und Blutzuckereinstellung ein erhöhtes Risiko für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse. Zur Abbildung der kardiovaskulären Sicherheit neu zugelassener Antidiabetika verlangen die Arzneimittelbehörden FDA und EMA den Nachweis für Nichtunterlegenheit bezüglich kardiovaskulärer Sicherheit gegenüber Placebo in Endpunktstudien. Während für verschiedene neuere Antidiabetika bisher die Nichtunterlegenheit in kardiovaskulären Sicherheitsstudien gezeigt wurde, konnte mit Empagliflozin erstmals in der EMPA-REG OUTCOME®-Studie und nachfolgend mit Liraglutid in der LEADER-Studie eine präspezifizierte kardiovaskuläre Überlegenheit im Vergleich zu Placebo demonstriert werden; auch mit Semaglutid wurde in der SUSTAIN-6-Studie eine statistisch signifikante Reduktion kardiovaskulärer Ereignisse erreicht. Die Gabe von Empagliflozin, einem Hemmer des Natrium-Glukose-Cotransporters 2 (SGLT-2), zusätzlich zur antidiabetischen und kardiovaskulären Standardtherapie führte zu einer signifikanten relativen Risikoreduktion des primären kombinierten Endpunkts aus kardiovaskulärem Tod, nicht tödlichem Myokardinfarkt oder nicht tödlichem Schlaganfall um 14 % gegenüber Placebo. Diese Risikoreduktion wurde maßgeblich durch die Senkung der kardiovaskulären Mortalität um 38 % erreicht. Zudem zeigten sich gegenüber Placebo relative Risikoreduktionen von 35 % bzw. 39 % für stationäre Aufnahmen wegen Herzinsuffizienz bzw. für das Neuauftreten oder die Verschlechterung einer Nephropathie. Empagliflozin reduzierte die Gesamtmortalität relativ um 32 %. Welche Mechanismen den nachgewiesenen Risikoreduktionen zugrunde liegen, ist Gegenstand weiterer Untersuchungen. Diskutiert werden vor allem eine Entlastung des Herzens durch Ausscheidung von überschüssigem Natrium, Glukose und Wasser, hämodynamische Effekte an der Niere über eine Normalisierung des tubulo-glomerulären Feedbacks oder auch eine durch Ketonkörper energetisch günstigere Substratnutzung im vorgeschädigten Herzen. Empagliflozin war, mit Ausnahme einer erhöhten Rate an Genitalinfektionen, die generell mit dem Wirkmechanismus von SGLT-2-Hemmern assoziiert sind, gut verträglich.
Postexercise Hypotension After Aquatic Exercise in Older Women With Hypertension: A Randomized Crossover Clinical Trial
Authors: Cunha Raphael M , Costa Andressa Moura , Silva Christoffer Novais F , Póvoa Thais Inácio R , Pescatello Linda S , Lehnen Alexandre Machado 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Hypertension can be prevented and modified with lifestyle interventions that include regular exercise. Aquatic exercise is widely recommended for older adults for a variety of health benefits, but few studies have assessed the immediate ambulatory blood pressure (BP) response to aquatic exercise, a response termed postexercise hypotension (PEH). Thus, we assessed PEH after a session of aquatic exercise in physically active, older women with hypertension.

METHODS
Twenty-four women 70.0 ± 3.9 years with a resting systolic (SBP)/diastolic (DBP) BP of 124.0/72.3 mm Hg and body mass index of 29.8 ± 4.1 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to participate in a 45-minute session of moderate intensity, water-based exercise (WATER) and a 45-minute land control session (CONTROL). All experimental sessions started at 9 am sharply with 7 days between them. Subjects left the experiments wearing an ambulatory BP monitor for the next 21 hours.

RESULTS
SBP was lower by 5.1 ± 1.0 mm Hg after WATER than CONTROL over 21 hours (P &lt; 0.001), over awake hours by 5.7 ± 1.1 mm Hg (P &lt; 0.001), and sleep hours by 4.5 ± 0.4 mm Hg (P = 0.004). DBP was lower following WATER compared to CONTROL: 1.2 ± 0.3 mm Hg over 21 hours (P = 0.043); 0.9 ± 0.6 mm Hg over awake hours (P = 0.101); and 1.4 ± 0.9 mm Hg over sleep hours (P = 0.039).

CONCLUSIONS
Aquatic exercise elicited PEH (~5 mm Hg) over 21 hours, BP reductions that are comparable in magnitude to land aerobic exercise. The immediate antihypertensive benefits of acute aquatic exercise should continue to be explored in future studies.
Satellite driven distribution models of endangered Atlantic sturgeon occurrence in the mid-Atlantic Bight
Authors: Breece Matthew W , Fox Dewayne A , Haulsee Danielle E , Wirgin Isaac I , Oliver Matthew J 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAtlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) is an endangered species that migrate through, and occupy the coastal waters of the mid-Atlantic Bight where they interact with anthropogenic activities. Measures to understand and avoid Atlantic sturgeon that take into consideration the dynamic nature of their habitat may reduce harmful interactions. In this study, we matched fisheries independent biotelemetry observations of Atlantic sturgeon with daily satellite observations to construct a time resolved spatial distribution model of Atlantic sturgeon. We determined that depth, day-of-year, sea surface temperature, and light absorption by seawater were the most important predictors of Atlantic sturgeon occurrence. Demographic factors, such as sex and river-of-origin were of secondary importance. We found strong spatial differences in spring and fall migration patterns, when anthropogenic interactions peak. Our cross-validated models correctly identified &gt; 88% of biotelemetry observations in our study region. Our models also correctly identified ∼64% of bycatch observations throughout the year. However, during their migrations, when harmful interactions were highest, our models correctly identified ∼90% of fisheries dependent observations. We suggest that this model can be used for guidance to managers and stakeholders to reduce interactions with this highly imperiled species, thereby enhancing conservation and recovery efforts.