bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A study of 15-year aerosol optical thickness and direct shortwave aerosol radiative effect trends using MODIS, MISR, CALIOP and CERES
Authors: Alfaro-Contreras Ricardo , Zhang Jianglong , Reid Jeffrey S. , Christopher Sundar 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. By combining Collection 6 Moderate Resolution and Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Version 22 Multi-angle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR) aerosol products with Cloud and Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) flux products, the aerosol optical thickness (AOT, at 0.55 µm) and shortwave (SW) aerosol radiative effect (SWARE) trends are studied over ocean for the near-full Terra (2000–2015) and Aqua (2002–2015) data records. Despite differences in sampling methods, regional SWARE and AOT trends are highly correlated with one another. Over global oceans, weak SWARE (cloud-free SW flux) and AOT trends of 0.5–0.6 W m−2 (−0.5 to −0.6 W m−2) and 0.002 AOT decade−1 are found using Terra data. Near-zero AOT and SWARE trends are also found for using Aqua data, regardless of the angular distribution models (ADMs) used. Regionally, positive AOT and cloud-free SW flux (negative SWARE) trends are found over the Bay of Bengal, the Arabian Sea, the Arabian/Persian Gulf and the Red Sea, while statistically significant negative trends are derived over the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern US coast. In addition, the global mean instantaneous SW aerosol direct forcing efficiencies are found to be ∼ −60 W m−2 AOT−1, with corresponding SWARE values of ∼ −7 W m−2 from both Aqua and Terra data, again regardless of CERES ADMs used. Regionally, SW aerosol direct forcing efficiency values of  ∼ −40 W m−2 AOT−1 are found over the southwest coast of Africa where smoke aerosol particles dominate in summer. Larger (in magnitude) SW aerosol direct forcing efficiency values of −50 to −80 W m−2 AOT−1 are found over several other dust- and pollutant-aerosol-dominated regions. Lastly, the AOT and SWARE trends from this study are also intercompared with aerosol trends (such as active-based ones) from several previous studies. Findings suggest that a cohesive understanding of the changing aerosol skies can be achieved through the analysis of observations from both passive- and active-based analyses, as well as from both narrowband and broadband datasets.
On the compatibility of Brewer total column ozone measurements in two adjacent valleys (Arosa and Davos) in the Swiss Alps
Authors: Stübi René , Schill Herbert , Klausen Jörg , Vuilleumier Laurent , Gröbner Julian , Egli Luca , Ruffieux Dominique 
Published: November 2017

Abstract. The Arosa site is well known in the ozone community for its continuous total ozone column observations that have been recorded since 1926. Originally based on Dobson sun spectrophotometers, the site has been gradually complemented by three automatic Brewer instruments, in operation since 1998. To secure the long-term ozone monitoring in this Alpine region and to benefit from synergies with the World Radiation Center, the feasibility of moving this activity to the nearby site at Davos (aerial distance of 13 km) has been explored. Concerns about a possible rupture of the 90-year-long record has motivated a careful comparison of the two sites, since great attention to the data continuity and quality has always been central to the operations of the observatory at Arosa. To this end, one element of the Arosa Brewer triad has been set up at the Davos site since November 2011 to realize a campaign of parallel measurements and to study the deviations between the three Brewer instruments. The analysis of the coincident measurement shows that the differences between Arosa and Davos remain within the range of the long-term stability of the Brewer instruments. A nonsignificant seasonal cycle is observed, which could possibly be induced by a stray-light bias and the altitude difference between the two sites. These differences are shown to be lower than the short-term variability of the time series and the overall uncertainty from individual Brewer instruments and therefore are not statistically significant. It is therefore concluded that the world's longest time series of the total ozone column obtained at Arosa site could be safely extended and continued with measurements taken from instruments located at the nearby Davos site without introducing a bias to this unique record.
Wat onder de oppervlakte bleef in de rechtspraak rond AkzoNobel
Authors: Eikelboom F. 
Published: November 2017

Wat onder de oppervlakte bleef in de rechtspraak rond AkzoNobel
Deze bijdrage bespreekt en geeft relevante achtergronden over de beschikking van de voorzieningenrechter op het verzoek van Elliott om een machtiging om een algemene vergadering van AkzoNobel bijeen te roepen. Centraal staan de vragen hoe zo’n verzoek moet worden getoetst en hoeveel beslissingsruimte de voorzieningenrechter daarbij heeft.
Easy and Fast Method for the Determination of Biogenic Amines in Fish and Fish Products with Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Orbitrap Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Kaufmann Anton , Maden Kathryn 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A quantitative method for the determination of biogenic amines was developed. The method is characterized by the virtual absence of sample cleanup and does not require a derivatization reaction. Diluted extracts are centrifuged, filtrated, and directly injected into an ultra-HPLC column, which is coupled to a single-stage high-resolution mass spectrometer (Orbitrap). The chromatography is based on a reversed-phase column and an eluent containing an ion-pairing agent (heptafluorobutyric acid). The high sensitivity of the instrument permits the injection of very diluted extracts, which ensures stable retention times and the virtual absence of signal suppression effects. In addition, the quantification of histamine (a regulated compound) is further aided by the use of an isotopically labeled internal standard. The method was validated for three fish-based matrixes. Both the sample processing and the analytical measurement are very fast; hence, the methodology is ideal for high-throughput work. In addition, the method is significantly more selective than conventional methods (i.e., derivatization followed by LC with UV/fluorescence (FL) detection) for biogenic amines. A comparison showed that LC–UV/FL methods can produce false-positive findings due to coeluting matrix compounds.
HIRMEOS – High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science infrastructure
Authors: Bertino Andrea 
Published: November 2017

Open Access has matured for journals, but open access uptake in the book market is still delayed, despite the fact that books continue to be the leading publishing format for qualitative social sciences and humanities. HIRMEOS, High Integration of Research Monographs in the European Open Science infrastructure, is a 30-month EU-funded project and tackles the main obstacles of the full integration of important platforms supporting open access monographs and their contents.HIRMEOS will work on innovative services on identification, entities recognition, annotation, and altmetrics, using when possible common standards. These standards are well established in journal publishing, however not common enough yet in book publishing to pave the way for deeper linking of book and journal content or crosslinking of references, entities or usage. HIRMEOS is based upon 5 Open Access book-publishing platforms, OpenEdition Books, OAPEN Library, EKT Open Book Press, Ubiquity Press and Göttingen University Press. During the run of the project these platforms integrate tools for identification, authentication and interoperability (DOI, ORCID, Fundref), for additional information and entity extraction (INRIA (N)ERD), the ability to annotate monographs (Hypothes.is), and gather usage and alternative metric data. HIRMEOS will also enrich the technical capacities of the Directory of Open Access Books (DOAB), a most significant indexing service for open access monographs globally, to receive automated information for ingestion, while it will also develop a structured certification system to document monograph peer-review. The project consortium will develop shared minimum standards for their monograph publications, such that allow the full embedding of technologies and content in the European Science Cloud. Finally, the project will have a catalyst effect in including more disciplines into the Open Science paradigm, widening its boundaries towards the SSH.The poster will give facts and figures aboutthe involved platforms and their catalogues,the types of services to be implemented and the used standards,the expected benefit for the Social Sciences and Humanities playersthe global benefits for the Open Science environment
How commercial publishers play a role in developing a sustainable model for Open Access publishing
Authors: Ryste Marte Ericsson , Stieglitz Katia , Aase Simon 
Published: November 2017

One of the objectives of the open access movement has been to upend the traditional model for scholarly publishing by making research findings freely available to anyone, anywhere. The trend emerged partly in response to the major publishing houses having become the gatekeepers of the dissemination of research findings and setting high prices for access to this material via subscriptions to scholarly journals.On the face of it, this state of affairs suggests that commercial actors have no place in the realm of open access publishing. However, an argument can be made to the effect that commercial companies have a part to play in transforming the way scientific publication works and contribute to making research freely available. Having numerous interested parties in the OA domain may contribute towards making research accessible, leading to a general increase in innovation. This is necessary in a field that by and large is in its infancy, technologically, politically and economically. An OA initiative that is part of a profit-driven organization does not preclude it from contributing to a sustainable publishing model, and a commercial approach is not necessarily incompatible with the principles. In this poster we offer NOASP as an example, and part of the wider context of commercial open access publishing. Nordic Open Access Scholarly Publishing is an open access publisher of scholarly journals and books in Scandinavia and a subdivision of Cappelen Damm Akademisk. NOASP was established in 2015 – and continues to grow. In our experience, meeting the very specific criteria for Open Access publishing requires substantial investments in technology and human resources. Publishers who choose to establish themselves in this niche area must have a long-term strategy and develop specific expertise. Competition between publishing houses and other actors provides incentives for staying abreast of new requirements and standards, technology and infrastructure. These strategic and economic factors directly and positively impact the quality of journals and publishing solutions, and ultimately contribute to innovation in the field. The economics of commercial publishing, by heightening competition between the services publishers provide, therefore leads to improvement of both technical platforms and editorial practices. In turn, this leads to higher quality of the end product and broader distribution of the freely available research, which should ultimately be the goal of the OA movement.
Diversity of bacterial communities on the facial skin of different age-group Thai males
Authors: Wilantho Alisa , Deekaew Pamornya , Srisuttiyakorn Chutika , Tongsima Sissades , Somboonna Naraporn 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundSkin microbiome varies from person to person due to a combination of various factors, including age, biogeography, sex, cosmetics and genetics. Many skin disorders appear to be related to the resident microflora, yet databases of facial skin microbiome of many biogeographies, including Thai, are limited.MethodsMetagenomics derived B-RISA and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was utilized to identify the culture-independent bacterial diversity on Thai male faces (cheek and forehead areas). Skin samples were categorized (grouped) into (i) normal (teenage.hea) and (ii) acne-prone (teenage.acn) young adults, and normal (iii) middle-aged (middle.hea) and (iv) elderly (elderly.hea) adults.ResultsThe 16S rRNA gene sequencing was successful as the sequencing depth had an estimated >98% genus coverage of the true community. The major diversity was found between the young and elderly adults in both cheek and forehead areas, followed by that between normal and acne young adults. Detection of representative characteristics indicated that bacteria from the order Rhizobiales, generaSphingomonasandPseudoalteromonas, distinguished theelderly.heamicrobiota, along the clinical features of wrinkles and pores. Prediction of the metabolic potential revealed reduced metabolic pathways involved in replication and repair, nucleotide metabolism and genetic translation in theelderly.heacompared with that in theteenage.hea. For young adults, some unique compositions such as abundance ofPropionibacterium acnesandStaphylococcus epidermidis, with a minor diversity between normal and acne skins, were detected. The metabolic potentials of the acne vs. normal young adults showed thatteenage.acnwas low in many cellular processes (e.g., cell motility and environmental adaptation), but high in carbohydrate metabolism, which could support acne growth. Moreover, comparison with the age-matched males from the US (Boulder, Colorado) to gain insight into the diversity across national biogeography, revealed differences in the distribution pattern of species, although common bacteria were present in both biogeographical samples. Furthermore, B-RISA served as a crosscheck result to the 16S rRNA gene sequencing (i.e., differences between teenage and elderly microbiota).ConclusionsThis study revealed and compared the microbial diversity on different aged Thai male faces, and included analyses for representing the bacterial flora, the clinical skin characteristics, and comparison with the US age-matched. The results represent the first skin microbiota of Thai males, and helps the design of a large-scale skin microbiome study of Thais. The findings of the diversity among ages, skin type and national biogeography supported the importance of these traits in the skin microbiome and in developing a safe and sustainable treatment for acne and aging skin diseases.
How Do Tides and Tsunamis Interact in a Highly Energetic Channel? The Case of Canal Chacao, Chile
Authors: Winckler Patricio , Sepúlveda Ignacio , Aron Felipe , Contreras‐López Manuel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study aims at understanding the role of tidal level, speed, and direction in tsunami propagation in highly energetic tidal channels. The main goal is to comprehend whether tide‐tsunami interactions enhance/reduce elevation, currents speeds, and arrival times, when compared to pure tsunami models and to simulations in which tides and tsunamis are linearly superimposed. We designed various numerical experiments to compute the tsunami propagation along Canal Chacao, a highly energetic channel in the Chilean Patagonia lying on a subduction margin prone to megathrust earthquakes. Three modeling approaches were implemented under the same seismic scenario: a tsunami model with a constant tide level, a series of six composite models in which independent tide and tsunami simulations are linearly superimposed, and a series of six tide‐tsunami nonlinear interaction models (full models). We found that hydrodynamic patterns differ significantly among approaches, being the composite and full models sensitive to both the tidal phase at which the tsunami is triggered and the local depth of the channel. When compared to full models, composite models adequately predicted the maximum surface elevation, but largely overestimated currents. The amplitude and arrival time of the tsunami‐leading wave computed with the full model was found to be strongly dependent on the direction of the tidal current and less responsive to the tide level and the tidal current speed. These outcomes emphasize the importance of addressing more carefully the interactions of tides and tsunamis on hazard assessment studies.
Water Soluble Organic Nitrogen (WSON) in Ambient Fine Particles Over a Megacity in South China: Spatiotemporal Variations and Source Apportionment
Authors: Yu Xu , Yu Qingqing , Zhu Ming , Tang Mingjin , Li Sheng , Yang Weiqiang , Zhang Yanli , Deng Wei , Li Guanghui , Yu Yuegang , Huang Zhonghui , Song Wei , Ding Xiang , Hu Qihou , Li Jun , Bi Xinhui , Wang Xinming 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOrganic nitrogen aerosols are complex mixtures and important compositions in ambient fine particulate matters (PM2.5), yet their sources and spatiotemporal patterns are not well understood particularly in regions influenced by intensive human activities. In this study, filter‐based ambient PM2.5 samples at four stations (one urban, two rural, plus one urban roadside) and PM samples from combustion sources (vehicle exhaust, ship emission, and biomass burning) were collected in the coastal megacity Guangzhou, south China, for determining water soluble organic nitrogen (WSON) along with other organic and inorganic species. The annual average WSON concentrations, as well as the ratios of WSON to water soluble total nitrogen, were all significantly higher at rural sites than urban sites. Average WSON concentrations at the four sites during the wet season were quite near each other, ranging from 0.41 to 0.49 μg/m3; however, they became 2 times higher at the rural sites than at the urban sites during the dry season. Five major sources for WSON were identified through positive matrix factorization analysis. Vehicle emission (29.3%), biomass burning (22.8%), and secondary formation (20.2%) were three dominant sources of WSON at the urban station, while vehicle emission (45.4%) and dust (28.6%) were two dominant sources at the urban roadside station. At the two rural sites biomass burning (51.1% and 34.1%, respectively) and secondary formation (17.8% and 30.5%, respectively) were dominant sources of WSON. Ship emission contributed 8–12% of WSON at the four sites. Natural vegetation seemed to have very minor contribution to WSON.
Investigation of Charon's Craters With Abrupt Terminus Ejecta, Comparisons With Other Icy Bodies, and Formation Implications
Authors: Robbins Stuart J. , Runyon Kirby , Singer Kelsi N. , Bray Veronica J. , Beyer Ross A. , Schenk Paul , McKinnon William B. , Grundy William M. , Nimmo Francis , Moore Jeffrey M. , Spencer John R. , White Oliver L. , Binzel Richard P. , Buie Marc W. , Buratti Bonnie J. , Cheng Andrew F. , Linscott Ivan R. , Reitsema Harold J. , Reuter Dennis C. , Showalter Mark R. , Tyler G. Len , Young Leslie A. , Olkin Catherine B. , Ennico Kimberly S. , Weaver Harold A. , Stern S. Alan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOn the moon and other airless bodies, ballistically emplaced ejecta transitions from a thinning, continuous inner deposit to become discontinuous beyond approximately one crater radius from the crater rim and can further break into discrete rays and secondary craters. In contrast, on Mars, ejecta often form continuous, distinct, and sometimes thick deposits that transition to a low ridge or escarpment that may be circular or lobate. The Martian ejecta type has been variously termed pancake, rampart, lobate, or layered, and in this work we refer to it as “abrupt termini” ejecta (ATE). Two main formation mechanisms have been proposed, one requiring interaction of the ejecta with the atmosphere and the other mobilization of near‐surface volatiles. ATE morphologies are also unambiguously seen on Ganymede, Europa, Dione, and Tethys, but they are not as common as on Mars. We have identified up to 38 craters on Charon that show signs of ATE, including possible distal ramparts and lobate margins. These ejecta show morphologic and morphometric similarities with other moons in the solar system, which are a subset of the properties observed on Mars. From comparison of these ejecta on Charon and other solar system bodies, we find the strongest support for subsurface volatile mobilization and ejecta fluidization as the main formation mechanism for the ATE, at least on airless, icy worlds. This conclusion comes from the bodies on which they are found, an apparent preference for certain terrains, and the observation that craters with ATE can be near to similarly sized craters that only have gradational ejecta.
Treating Early Undifferentiated Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Direct and Indirect Trial Evidence
Authors: Lopez‐Olivo Maria A. , Kakpovbia‐Eshareturi Voke , des Bordes Jude K. , Barbo Andrea , Christensen Robin , Suarez‐Almazor Maria E. 
Published: November 2017

ObjectiveWe undertook a systematic review and meta‐analysis of direct and indirect trial evidence to evaluate the efficacy of treatments for patients with undifferentiated arthritis (UA).MethodsWe searched 4 electronic databases from inception to January 2016, clinicaltrials.gov, and bibliographies of relevant articles. Two reviewers independently screened and evaluated the studies. The primary outcome was development of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).ResultsNine studies were included. Interventions included methotrexate, abatacept, infliximab, intraarticular or intramuscular glucocorticoids, and radiation synovectomy. Treating patients resulted in lower rates of RA at 12 months compared to placebo or no treatment (odds ratio [OR] 0.49 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.26, 0.90]). From direct meta‐analysis, patients treated with methotrexate were less likely to develop RA at 12 months compared to patients treated without methotrexate (OR 0.13 [95% CI 0.03, 0.48]). This difference was no longer significant at 30 or 60 months. From indirect comparisons, most interventions showed decreased risk of developing RA compared to placebo at 12 months, reaching statistical significance for methotrexate (OR 0.16 [95% CI 0.08, 0.33]) and intramuscular methylprednisolone (OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.53, 0.99]). Most individual interventions included a limited number of studies.ConclusionTreating patients with UA resulted in a statistically significant delay in the development of RA, with the largest effect observed for methotrexate. These findings suggest that there is a window of opportunity to treat patients with UA early, to delay subsequent progression to RA.
Thermalization of Isolated Bose‐Einstein Condensates by Dynamical Heat Bath Generation
Authors: Posazhennikova Anna , Trujillo‐Martinez Mauricio , Kroha Johann 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIf and how an isolated quantum system thermalizes despite its unitary time evolution is a long‐standing, open problem of many‐body physics. The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) postulates that thermalization happens at the level of individual eigenstates of a system's Hamiltonian. However, the ETH requires stringent conditions to be validated, and it does not address how the thermal state is reached dynamically from an initial non‐equilibrium state. We consider a Bose‐Einstein condensate (BEC) trapped in a double‐well potential with an initial population imbalance. We find that the system thermalizes although the initial conditions violate the ETH requirements. We identify three dynamical regimes. After an initial regime of undamped Josephson oscillations, the subsystem of incoherent excitations or quasiparticles (QP) becomes strongly coupled to the BEC subsystem by means of a dynamically generated, parametric resonance. When the energy stored in the QP system reaches its maximum, the number of QPs becomes effectively constant, and the system enters a quasi‐hydrodynamic regime where the two subsystems are weakly coupled. In this final regime the BEC acts as a grand‐canonical heat reservoir for the QP system (and vice versa), resulting in thermalization. We term this mechanism dynamical bath generation (DBG).