bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ДО ПИТАННЯ ФОРМУВАННЯ СИСТЕМИ ВПРАВ ДЖАЗОВОГО ВОКАЛІСТА ЯК ОСНОВИ КРЕАТИВНОГО ВІДТВОРЕННЯ ІНСТРУМЕНТАЛЬНОГО МИСЛЕННЯ
Authors: Pisarenko Yulia 
Published: October 2024

Метою статті є висвітлення процесу формування системи вправ джазового вокаліста, як основи креативного інструментального мислення. Стаття присвячена проблемам відтворення джазовими вокалістами особливостей інструментального джазового мислення та креативності, як одного з чинників цього процесу. Методи дослідження – жанрово-стильовий, структурно-функціональний, мелодико-синтаксичний. Новизна статті обумовлюється комплексним підходом до процесу джазового вокального інтонування та його певних особливостей, що обумовлюються відтворенням інструментального джазового виконавства. Увагу приділено таким аспектам креативності, як комбінаторне мислення, процес деталізації творчого продукту, мотиваційним компонентам у площині творчого діалогу з видатними виконавцями за Т. Амабайлом, активне спілкування та створення певного творчого середовища за Д. Треффінджером, оригінальність та виразність результату процесу за П. Джексоном та А. Кестлер. Особливе значення у випадку джазового виконавця має генерування художніх ідей відповідно до теорії Д. Треффінджера. Залучено ідею Лі Шуай щодо усвідомлення студентом системи репрезентативних норм джазового виконавства, до якої автор включає музичний текст, музичний інструментарій як знаряддя відтворення тексту, виконавську техніку та засоби виразності, музичну теорію як форму створення, систематизації, естетику виконання. Висновки. Система репрезентативних форм джазового виконавства потребує відповідної педагогічної системи, до методів якої віднесено метод формування вокальних імпровізаційних навичок в інструментальному стилі. Чотири блоки цього методу – це пропонування студентові певних тренувальних вправ, спрямованих на опанування та вільне володіння так званим «off bit», слуховий аналіз співу джазових виконавців з метою визначення основних типів джазового вокалу, створення самим студентом інтонаційно-ритмічних вправ на базі того чи іншого твору, креативне опрацювання інструментального джазового стандарту і формування пролонгованого мелодичного мислення. На прикладі «Cry me river» Артура Хамільтона пропонуються можливості для реалізації виконавського креативу щодо виконання в інструментальному стилі, поступового формування вокальної та слухової витривалості.
КАМЕРНА СИМФОНІЯ № 5 «ПОТАЄМНІ ПОКЛИКИ» ДЛЯ КЛАРНЕТА З ОРКЕСТРОМ Є. СТАНКОВИЧА: ОБРАЗНА СФЕРА ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ЇЇ ВИРАЖЕННЯ
Authors: Mazur Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Мета статті – висвітлення образної сфери Камерної симфонії № 5 «Потаємні поклики» для кларнета з оркестром Євгена Станковича та виявлення особливостей її вираження. Об’єктом дослідження є камерно-інструментальна творчість Є. Станковича, а предметом – образна сфера Камерної симфонії № 5 «Потаємні поклики» у специфіці її інструментального вираження. Актуальність теми дослідження формується, передусім, у сфері професійної виконавської діяльності музикантів. Брак усвідомлення відповідного художнього значення музично-мовних засобів, ідейно-образної, емоційної характеристики того чи іншого виразового засобу, призводить до відсутності усвідомлення змісту музичного твору. У низці методів презентованого наукового дослідження означимо, передусім, методи художньо-образного та виконавського аналізу, аксіологічний, історичний та структурно-функціональний підходи, методи індукції та дедукції, а також емпіричний науково-дослідницький інструментарій – спостереження та узагальнення. Наукова новизна представленої статті обумовлюється відсутністю аналтичного заглиблення в образну сферу, у специфіку її інструментального означення, одного з шедеврів камерно-інструментальної музики видатного українського композитора Євгена Станковича – Камерної симфонії № 5 «Потаємні поклики» для кларнета з оркестром. Висновки. В основі художньо-образної сфери аналізованої симфонії відтворена соціальна потреба людини того періоду, її думки, страхи, бажання, спроби скласти альтернативну модель художньо-образної характеристики часу. На наш погляд, вона також має право на життя, бо може слугувати як дзеркало світогляду часу написання музичного твору. Композитор обирає інструментальним центром художньо-образного вислову кларнет, як інструмент винятково синтементальної, глибинно-інтимної, лірико-ламентозної природи.
Possible mechanism of effect of the empagliflozin on cardiovascular mortality
Authors: Karpushev A. V. , Krasnova M. V. , Ivkin D. Yu. , Mikhailova V. B. , Klimenko E. S. , Okovityi S. V. , Kulikov A. N. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The development of heart failure is closely associated with the appearance of life threatening arrhythmias, which are often a terminal event for these patients. An analysis of randomized clinical trials of inhibitors of sodium-glucose cotransporter type 2 indicates the clinically significant potential of these drugs as agents with antiarrhythmic properties. However, at the moment the full mechanism by which this effect can be realized is still not fully understood.Aim. To evaluate the effect of empagliflozin on the transmembrane calcium currents and the intracellular calcium transients on isolated ventricular cardiomyocytes of mice under conditions of normoglycemia.Materials and methods. In the experiment, ventricular cardiomyocytes were isolated from 12 outbred male mice. 2 groups were formed: group № 1 – control ventricular cardiomyocytes; group № 2 – ventricular cardiomyocytes after two hours incubation with 5 µmol/L empagliflozin solution. Transmembrane calcium currents were recorded and intracellular calcium transients were assessed.Results and discussion. Incubation of ventricular cardiomyocytes with empagliflozin significantly increased ICa current density and accelerated Ca2+ temporal dynamics. The amplitude of the Ca2+ wave and the rate of rise and decay were increased and the duration of the Ca2+ wave was shortened.Conclusion. The result of the experiment indicates that empagliflozin is able to modulate Ca2+-dependent mechanism of the excitation-contraction-coupling, enhancing and accelerating Ca2+ release into cytoplasm and reuptake. This presumably can optimize, namely reduce the time of systole and enhance it, which may be one of the important elements in the manifestation of empagliflozin antiarrhythmic properties.
Schwa or unstressed vowel sound in English vocabulary items from surah Al-Baqarah of the holy Quran.
Authors: Wahyuni Hanna Irma , Bram Barli , Upor Rose A. 
Published: October 2024

The schwa sound [ə] in the English language remains challenging and it appears to be overlooked by EFL learners. In practice, the word ‘submit’ is mispronounced by English learners: */sʌbˈmɪt/, instead of /səbˈmɪt/. Some studies have discussed schwa but their data sources were not the Holy Quran. Hence, this article investigated the schwa sound in English vocabulary items collected from the Holy Quran and represented by the letters 'o' and 'u' as in ‘polite’ and ‘submit’. Employing a descriptive qualitative method, the researchers collected 97 vocabulary items containing schwa sounds taken from surah Al-Baqarah verses 1-286. The results indicate that the schwa term that represents the unstressed syllable can be renewed with the terms proposed in this study such as 'astressed' and 'disaccented'. In addition, to maintain the schwa term, a change of its pronunciation is proposed becoming /ʃwə/ and not /ʃwɑː/. Most of the written vowels 'o' and 'u' are pronounced in a strong form, and unstressed vowels 'o' and 'u' are pronounced as a schwa. The appearance of unstressed schwa in the vowels 'o' and 'u' is not determined by its location whether it is in the first or second syllable. Schwa could appear anywhere as long as he was not stressed. Schwa was not found in stressed syllables. Lastly, all -ion [ən] and -ous [əs] suffixes must be pronounced with a schwa. The results imply that EFL learners ought to consult an excellent dictionary to ensure correct pronunciation. Future researchers are expected to examine further patterns of a schwa sound in English vocabulary items to assist EFL learners in improving their pronunciation.
Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging Responses to Nonhypoxic Hypobaric Decompression
Authors: Connolly Desmond , Davagnanam Indran , Wylezinska-Arridge Marzena , Mallon Dermot , Wastling Stephen , Lee Vivienne M. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: The pathophysiological basis of neurological decompression sickness and the association between cerebral subcortical white matter (WM) change and nonhypoxic hypobaria remain poorly understood. Recent study of altitude decompression sickness risk evaluated acute WM responses to intensive hypobaric exposure using brain magnetic resonance imaging.
METHODS: Six healthy men (20 to 50 yr) completed 6 h of hyperoxic hypobaria during three same-day altitude chamber decompressions to pressure altitudes ≥ 22,000 ft (6706 m). Research magnetic resonance imaging sequences, conducted on the days preceding and following decompression, evaluated subcortical WM integrity, cerebral blood flow, neuronal integrity (fractional anisotropy), and neurometabolite concentrations.
RESULTS: No subcortical lesions were evident on diffusion weighted imaging and WM fractional anisotropy was unaffected. Mean WM blood flow was upregulated by 20% to over 25 mL · 100 g−1 · min−1. Gray matter flow was unchanged. There were no changes in gray matter or cerebellar neurometabolites. In parietal subcortical WM, levels of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) fell from (mean ± SD) 1.68 ± 0.2 to 1.35 ± 0.3 institutional units while glutathione (GSH) fell from 1.71 ± 0.4 to 1.25 ± 0.3 institutional units. Lactate increased postexposure in five subjects.
CONCLUSIONS: Postexposure decrements in GABA and GSH imply WM insult with loss of neuroprotection and oxidative stress. An association between decrements in GABA and GSH support a common origin, while GSH decrements also correlate with WM blood flow responses. WM lactate increments are prone to error but suggest dysregulation of subcortical microvascular flow. WM neurometabolite and blood flow indices did not normalize by 24 h postexposure.
Connolly D, Davagnanam I, Wylezinska-Arridge M, Mallon D, Wastling S, Lee VM. Brain magnetic resonance imaging responses to nonhypoxic hypobaric decompression. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(10):733–740.
Evolution of Space Medicine at NASA
Authors: Doarn Charles R. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: From the very beginning of America’s human spaceflight program, space medicine has been at the forefront. There has been a variety of diverse individuals, over six decades, whose contributions helped shape what space medicine is within NASA today.
METHODS: An extensive review of historical documents (including reports, manuscripts, advisory committee reports, and oral histories of key individuals) related to space medicine, aerospace medicine, and life sciences at NASA Headquarters was performed.
RESULTS: Early in NASA’s history, oral histories from individuals in key leadership positions were obtained. In addition, repeated searches of the archives provided a plethora of material on space medicine and life sciences from the first two decades or so, but it is somewhat sparse over the most recent four decades. Each of these sources helped develop a historical narrative of those key individuals who were in senior leadership positions at NASA Headquarters beginning in 1958 through the present time.
DISCUSSION: A review of the archived material tells a compelling story of how and why space medicine developed in the way it did at the agency level. The inspiration and the individual personalities, concomitant with the early influence from the U.S. Air Force, laid the groundwork for this discipline as it relates to human spaceflight.
Doarn CR. Evolution of space medicine at NASA. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(10):797–805.
Sensitization of Visually Induced Motion Sickness by Prior Provocative Physical Motion
Authors: Golding John F. , Alund Daniel , Gresty Michael A. , Flynn Maria B. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Habituation to motion has therapeutic applications for motion sickness desensitization and rehabilitation of patients with vestibular disease. Less attention has been devoted to the opposite process: sensitization.
METHODS: Subjects (N = 50) were randomly allocated to four sequences: Baseline visual stimulus; then 15 min of time gap; cross-coupled motion (C-C) or a Control condition; then a time gap of 15 min or 2 h; then a retest visual stimulus. Motion exposures were for 10 min or until moderate nausea, whichever was sooner. The visual stimulus was a scene rotating in yaw at 0.2 Hz with superimposed "wobble". C-C was whole-body rotation on a turntable with eight 45° head tilts during each 30-s period. Control was head tilt without rotation. Rotational velocity was incremented in staircase steps of 3° · s−1 every 30 s.
RESULTS: Groups were equivalent for Total Motion Sickness Symptom scores elicited by the first visual stimulus (combined: mean ± SD 10.8 ± 8.4). C-C produced greater Total Symptoms (20.3 ± 6.8) than Control (3.1 ± 3.7). Subjects recovered subjectively from C-C before retest of visual stimulus. For the retest visual stimulus, Total Symptoms were higher following C-C (15.1 ± 9.0) than following Control (8.3 ± 7.1) for both the 15 min and 2 h retests. Sickness ratings (SR) mirrored these effects of C-C.
DISCUSSION: C-C motion sensitized subsequent responses to visual stimulation up to 2 h later. Sensitization of visual stimulation crossed modalities and appeared subconscious since it occurred despite subjective recovery from C-C. For some individuals, a previously relatively innocuous visual stimulus became nauseogenic on retest. The results have implications for the use of visual technologies within hours of exposure to provocative motion.
Golding JF, Alund D, Gresty MA, Flynn MB. Sensitization of visually induced motion sickness by prior provocative physical motion. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(10):741–748.
PRÁTICAS DE ANÁLISE LINGUÍSTICA NA FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES DO 5º ANO
Authors: Ciavolella Bruno , José Menegassi Renilson 
Published: October 2024

Este artigo discute, exemplifica e caracteriza a inserção de práticas de análise linguística (PAL) de abordagem interacionista (GERALDI, 1991) em contexto de formação docente continuada. A geração de dados ocorreu por meio de uma pesquisa qualitativa (BORTONI-RICARDO, 2008), de tipo colaborativo (DESGAGNÉ, 2007) com professores do 5º ano do Ensino Fundamental, de um município de pequeno porte da região Noroeste do Paraná. Os resultados apontam que as vivências de PAL possibilitaram os sujeitos a agirem com, pela e sobre a língua, a favorecer a compreensão de que fazer a análise linguística é refletir sobre as possibilidades de construção de sentidos e de estratégias de dizer possibilitadas pelos recursos expressivos, conforme ensina João Wanderley Geraldi em seus estudos.

Palavras-Chave: Práticas de Análise Linguística. Formação Docente Continuada. Interacionismo. Ensino Fundamental.
Association between fecal incontinence and cardiovascular disease in adult Americans: evidence from NHANES 2005–2010
Authors: Xu Chenkai , Song Yongfu , Lan Yuejiao , Wang Yongji , Wang Na , Lu Xiaodan 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThere is limited amount of research on the association between fecal incontinence (FI) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study aims to evaluate whether there is a relationship between FI and CVD among adults in the United States.MethodsThis study employed a cross-sectional design, encompassing 11,237 adults aged 20 years and older, drawn from the National Health and Nutrition Survey conducted from 2005 to 2010. FI was defined as the involuntary monthly leakage of solid, liquid, or mucus stool. The presence of CVD was evaluated through a questionnaire. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) were computed utilizing a multivariate logistic regression model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to ascertain the stability of the results.ResultsFollowing adjustments for population characteristics, lifestyle habits, laboratory tests, and comorbidities, a significant association was observed between FI and elevated CVD risk (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.21–1.79, P &lt; 0.001). Subgroup analysis uncovered a strong correlation between FI and CVD among participants aged 45–65 years (OR: 1.78, 95%CI: 1.31–2.43). In the participants to aged 66 and above, this correlation persisted (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.01–1.70).ConclusionsThis study reveals a significant positive correlation between FI and CVD. Middle-aged and older adults are considered high-risk population for developing CVD, thus emphasizing the importance of screening and timely intervention.
Wind-driven nearshore overturning currents off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula in the Yellow Sea in winter
Authors: Hu Luoyu , Zhai Fangguo , Liu Zizhou , Gu Yanzhen , Wu Wenfan , Li Peiliang , Liu Jianying , Ding Jinqiang , Sun Liyuan 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionThe nearshore sea off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula is characterized by intensive mariculture, whose ecosystem is involved in the large marine ecosystem of the Yellow Sea. However, ocean currents in this area are poorly explored. Observations suggested overturning currents were robust phenomena in winter in this area.MethodsNumerical simulations and experiments were used to investigate the mechanisms of overturning currents.ResultsThere were two classes of wind-driven overturning currents. One consisted of surface southeastward currents, nearshore downwelling currents, and bottom northeastward currents. The other consisted of surface northeastward currents, nearshore upwelling currents, and bottom southwestward currents.DiscussionThe underlying dynamics involved local wind forcing and propagation of coastal trapped waves (CTWs). Northwesterly winds in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea drove surface southward currents and converged water toward coastline off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula, generating nearshore sea level rising. The resultant southward sea level slope drove nearshore bottom northward currents. Meanwhile, high sea level in the southern part of Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea also propagated as CTWs clockwise around the Shandong Peninsula, which further enhanced nearshore bottom northward currents and caused eastward currents in the entire water column off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula. Southwesterly winds in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea drove surface northward currents, generating nearshore sea level dropping off the northeastern Shandong Peninsula. The resultant northward sea level slope caused bottom southward currents. Meanwhile, the southwesterly winds caused CTWs with low sea level in the south part of the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea. The northward sea level slope of CTWs enhanced nearshore bottom southwestward currents. The current study emphasized winds in winter drove not only local currents but also propagation of CTWs in the Bohai Sea and North Yellow Sea. The sea level slope of CTWs regulated surface and bottom Ekman layers driven by local winds.
Can high-fidelity 3D models be a good alternative for cadaveric materials in skill assessment for endoscopic sinus surgery? A comparison study in assessment for surgical performance in 3D models and cadavers
Authors: Suzuki Masanobu , Watanabe Ryosuke , Nakazono Akira , Nakamaru Yuji , Suzuki Takayoshi , Kimura Shogo , Matoba Kotaro , Murakami Manabu , Hinder Dominik , Psaltis A. J. , Homma Akihiro , Wormald P. J. 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionTraditionally formal assessment of surgical skills has not been part of a surgeon’s accreditation process. The widely adopted apprentice model of “on-the-job training” does create additional risk for the patients. In the past surgical training has used cadavers, but these are expensive, require dedicated wet-lab facilities and are in increasingly short supply. In many countries religious and cultural practices also preclude cadaveric use. Recent 3D-printed technology allows mass reproduction of high-fidelity 3D models. In this study, we examined the utility of 3D sinus models compared to cadaver dissection for surgical skill assessment for endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).Materials and methodsA total of 17 otolaryngologists performed Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS) on 3D printed sinus models and then repeated these procedures on cadavers. Their surgical performance was assessed with the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills (OSATS) score for ESS and time was taken to complete an ESS procedure. Their performance on the 3D models and cadavers was compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in the OSATS score between 3D models and cadavers (50.41 ± 13.31 vs. 48.29 ± 16.01, p = 0.36). There was a strong positive correlation between the score in 3D models and those in cadavers (r = 0.84, p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were found in time for a mini-ESS (21:29 ± 0:10 vs. 20:33 ± 0:07, p = 0.53). There were positive correlations between 3D models and cadavers in time taken for a mini-ESS (r = 0.55, p = 0.04).ConclusionThe surgical performance on the 3D models was comparable to that on cadavers. This supports the utility of the 3D models as an inexhaustible alternative for cadavers in ESS surgical skill assessment.
Connectivity changes in two-channel prefrontal ERP associated with early cognitive decline in the elderly population: beta band responses to the auditory oddball stimuli
Authors: Bae Jang-Han , Choi Minho , Lee Jang Jae , Lee Kun Ho , Kim Jaeuk U. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThis study utilized recent advancements in electroencephalography (EEG) technology that enable the measurement of prefrontal event-related potentials (ERPs) to facilitate the early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We investigated two-channel prefrontal ERP signals obtained from a large cohort of elderly participants and compare among cognitively normal (CN), subjective cognitive decline (SCD), amnestic MCI (aMCI), and nonamnestic MCI (naMCI) groups.MethodsSignal processing and ERP component analyses, specifically adapted for two-channel prefrontal ERP signals evoked by the auditory oddball task, were performed on a total of 1,754 elderly participants. Connectivity analyses were conducted to assess brain synchronization, especially in the beta band involving the phase locking value (PLV) and coherence (COH). Time-frequency, time-trial, grand average, and further statistical analyses of the standard and target epochs were also conducted to explore differences among the cognition groups.ResultsThe MCI group’s response to target stimuli was characterized by greater response time variability (p &lt; 0.001) and greater variability in the P300 latency (p &lt; 0.05), leading to less consistent responses than those of the healthy control (HC) group (CN+SCD subgroups). In the connectivity analyses of PLV and COH waveforms, significant differences were observed, indicating a loss of synchronization in the beta band in response to standard stimuli in the MCI group. In addition, the absence of event-related desynchronization (ERD) indicated that information processing related to readiness and task performance in the beta band was not efficient in the MCI group. Furthermore, the observed decline in the P200 amplitude as the standard trials progressed suggests the impaired attention and inhibitory processes in the MCI group compared to the HC group. The aMCI subgroup showed high variability in COH values, while the naMCI subgroup showed impairments in their overall behavioral performance.ConclusionThese findings highlight the variability and connectivity measures can be used as markers of early cognitive decline; such measures can be assessed with simple and fast two-channel prefrontal ERP signals evoked by both standard and target stimuli. Our study provides deeper insight of cognitive impairment and the potential use of the prefrontal ERP connectivity measures to assess early cognitive decline.