bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmable Multi‐Responsive Nanocellulose‐Based Hydrogels With Embodied Logic
Authors: Arsuffi Beatriz , Siqueira Gilberto , Nyström Gustav , Titotto Silvia , Magrini Tommaso , Daraio Chiara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProgrammable materials are desirable for a variety of functional applications that range from biomedical devices, actuators and soft robots to adaptive surfaces and deployable structures. However, current smart materials are often designed to respond to single stimuli (like temperature, humidity, or light). Here, a novel multi‐stimuli‐responsive composite is fabricated using direct ink writing (DIW) to enable programmability in both space and time and computation of logic operations. The composite hydrogels consist of double‐network matrices of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) or poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and sodium alginate (SA) and are reinforced by a high content of cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) (14 wt%) and nanofibers (CNF) (1 wt%). These composites exhibit a simultaneously tunable response to external stimuli, such as temperature, pH, and ion concentration, enabling precise control over their swelling and shrinking behavior, shape, and mechanical properties over time. Bilayer hydrogel actuators are designed to display bidirectional bending in response to various stimuli scenarios. Finally, to leverage the multi‐responsiveness and programmability of this new composite, Boolean algebra concepts are used to design and execute NOT, YES, OR, and AND logic gates, paving the way for self‐actuating materials with embodied logic.
Integrating Ultrathin Perovskite Nanosheets for Rigid yet Fatigue‐Resistant Elastomers
Authors: Jin Xiaolin , Chen Wentao , Xiao Zhenhua , Wang Jingyu , Yang Wenqi , Cui Shuming , Yao Shenglin , Jiang Zhenyu , Tang Liqun , Sun Taolin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of rigid yet fatigue‐resistant elastomers possess a critical challenge, necessitating materials capable of enduring substantial mechanical loads while maintaining structural integrity through cycles of deformations. Despite soft materials achieving a fatigue threshold of ∼1000 J m−2, their modulus, typically ∼1 MPa, restricts their applications. This study presents a breakthrough in designing rigid, fatigue‐resistant elastomers by controlling nanosheet orientation within the network using a shear force strategy. The elastomers achieve a high fatigue threshold of 1900 J m−2 while maintaining a high elastic modulus of 8 MPa. These superior mechanical properties are attributed to the synergistic effects of microscale alignment of nanosheets and robust interfacial bonding between the polymer chains and nanosheets at the nanoscale. When the nanosheet volume fraction is below the percolation threshold, well‐dispersed nanosheets transfer load effectively through strong interfacial bonding with the polymer, significantly suppressing fatigue crack propagation. Conversely, above the percolation threshold, agglomerated nanosheets create defects in the matrix, reducing load‐bearing capacity. The innovative elastomers demonstrate potential for a wide range of applications, including automotive components, actuators, and stretchable electronic devices, where high mechanical stability and load‐bearing capacity are essential.
SiOx Based Anodes for Advanced Li‐Ion Batteries: Recent Progress and Perspectives
Authors: Xie Guijuan , Tan Xu , Shi Zezhong , Peng Yi , Ma Yuan , Zhong Yiren , Wang Faxing , He Jiarui , Zhu Zhi , Cheng Xin‐Bing , Wang Gaojun , Wang Tao , Wu Yuping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSiOx with high theoretical capacity is regarded as a promising high‐performance anode material for lithium‐ion batteries. The main problem is the dramatic volume expansion after lithiation and the inherent poor conductivity. Tackling these problems, extensive strategies are proposed for SiOx‐based anode materials in order to pursue high initial Coulombic efficiency, high reversible capacity, and long cycle stability. In this review, the lithium storage mechanism, merits, and disadvantages of SiOx will be introduced in detail. Significant progress about SiOx in recent years and their detailed strategies are summarized. Finally, challenges and potential solutions in the development and application of SiOx are proposed. This review aims to offer a reference for the research of anode materials associated with SiOx and offer a good guide for the further improvements of SiOx anode materials.
A Peptide‐Drug Conjugate‐Based Nanoplatform for Immunometabolic Activation and In Situ Nerve Regeneration in Advanced‐Stage Alzheimer's Disease
Authors: Liu Peixin , Zhang Tongyu , Wu Yuxing , Chen Qinjun , Sun Tao , Jiang Chen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe formidable protection of physiological barriers and unclear pathogenic mechanisms impede drug development for Alzheimer's disease (AD). As defenders of the central nervous system, immune‐metabolism function, and stemness of glial cells remain dormant during degeneration, representing a significant challenge for simultaneously targeting and modulating. Here, a modular nanoplatform is presented composed of peptide‐drug conjugates and an inflammation‐responsive core. The nanoplatform is transported through the blood‐brain barrier via transcytosis and disassembles in the oxidative stress microenvironment upon intravenous administration. The released drug‐conjugated modules can specifically target and deliver hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) to microglia and astrocytes, respectively. The immune function of chronic tolerant microglia is activated by metabolic modulation, and reactive astrocytes trans‐differentiate into functional neurons. In a transgenic mouse model, nanoplatform reduces levels of toxic proteins and inflammation while increasing neuronal density. This results in the amelioration of learning and memory decline. The modular nanoplatform provides design principles for multi‐cellular targeting and combination nano‐therapy for inflammation‐related diseases.
Design and Additive Manufacturing of Polyethylene‐Based Hierarchical Composites by Selective Laser Sintering
Authors: Yang Muxuan , Bu Jinyu , Shen Naifu , Liu Shan , Xu Weinan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSelective laser sintering (SLS) is gaining increasing importance in polymer additive manufacturing. It has many unique advantages compared with extrusion or photopolymerization based technologies. However, one of the main challenges for SLS is the limited types of compatible polymer microparticles. This study develops a versatile material platform for the scalable synthesis of polyethylene (PE) and its composite microparticles for SLS 3D printing. The incorporation of metal oxide nanoparticles inside PE microparticles by in situ sol‐gel chemistry as well as blending with carbon black for enhanced laser absorption is found to have significant impacts on the printability and physical properties of printed structures. Importantly, this study also demonstrates that post‐printing processing can substantially enhance the mechanical properties and introduce new functionalities to 3D PE structures. Thermal annealing improves the mechanical strength and modulus by more than ten times. Electrochemical deposition of copper on the 3D PE composite structures significantly enhances the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties, which can be utilized to fabricate 3D hierarchical metallic structures with broad applications.
Chirality‐Assisted Spin‐Decoupled Metasurface Implemented by Simple Geometrical Rotation
Authors: Huang Yuanqing , Zhang Zhengping , He Chong , Wang Xiong , Zhu Weiren 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetasurfaces are distinguished by their ability to flexibly manipulate electromagnetic waves across multiple degrees of freedom. Designing metasurfaces with spin‐multiplexing often involve complex processes with multiple parameters to fine‐tune, posing significant challenges for achieving high accuracy. Here, a chirality‐assisted spin‐decoupled metasurface via solely simple geometrical rotation is theoretically proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the meta‐atom design, a dual‐layered rectangular copper patch with a twist angle is used for enhancing circular dichroism through circular reflection patterns. A parallel cross structure is also introduced to independently control circularly polarized waves with specific handedness. Theoretical analysis and simulations demonstrate the robust decoupling capabilities of this meta‐atom design. Moreover, the theoretical deductions indicate that circular polarization decoupling can be achieved merely by rotating the meta‐atom structure, significantly reducing the complexity of designing circular polarization decoupling metasurfaces. To validate the practicality of the approach, a metasurface with lens and holographic imaging functionalities across two circular polarization channels is designed. Simulation and experimental results show excellent agreement with the theoretical predictions. This innovative method for circular polarization decoupling opens up promising new avenues for engineering applications in fields such as remote sensing, information encryption, and communication systems.
Enhanced Machine Condition Monitoring Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerator (TENG): A Review of Recent Advancements
Authors: Mehamud Idiris , Björling Marcus , Marklund Pär , An Rong , Shi Yijun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntelligent machine condition monitoring is desirable to enable Industry 4.0 and 5.0 to create sustainable products and services via the integration of automation, data exchange, and human–machine interface. In the past decades, huge progress has been achieved in establishing sustainable machine condition monitoring systems via various sensing technologies. Yet, the dependence on external power sources or batteries for sensing and data communication remains a challenge. In addition, energy harvesting and sensing are dynamically growing research fields introducing various working mechanisms and designs for improved performance, flexibility, and integrability. Recently, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) have been applied as a new technology for energy harvesting and sensing to monitor machine performance. This manuscript presents the potential application of TENG for self‐powered sensors and energy harvesting technology for machine condition monitoring, where the developmental aspects of TENG‐based devices including the robustness of design and device integration to machine elements are reviewed. For better comparison, the performance of various reported devices is summarized. Simultaneously, the advanced results achieved in employing TENGs for various condition analysis techniques and self‐powered wireless communication for machine condition monitoring are discussed. Finally, the challenges, and key strategies for utilizing TENGs for machine condition monitoring in the future, are presented.
Time is money: An analysis of cost drivers in ambulatory sinus surgery
Authors: Lerner David K. , Phung Chau , Workman Alan D. , Patel Saawan , Pennington Glenn , Stetson Robert , Douglas Jennifer E. , Kohanski Michael A. , Palmer James N. , Adappa Nithin D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundFunctional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is one of the most commonly performed otolaryngologic procedures and is associated with significant cost variability.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of all inflammatory sinus surgeries at a single tertiary care medical center from July 2021 to July 2023. The electronic medical record was reviewed for patient factors and cost variables for each procedure, and multivariable analysis was performed.ResultsA total of 221 patients were included in analysis with a mean age of 48.2 years. There was a 44.8% incidence (n = 99) of nasal polyps and 31.2% (n = 69) of cases were revision surgeries. The average total cost for the surgical encounter was $8960.31 (standard deviation $1967.97). Operating room time represented $4912.46 (54.8% of all costs), while average operating room supply costs were $1296.06 (14.5%) and recovery room costs were $919.48 (10.3%). Total costs were significantly associated with length of surgery ($7.83/min, p = 0.04), in addition to presence of nasal polyps ($531.96, p = 0.04). There was no significant association between total costs and the remaining clinical and demographic factors.ConclusionsCosts associated with ambulatory FESS for inflammatory sinus disease vary across patients and this cost variability is predominantly driven by time efficiency within the operating room, as well as supply utilization and nasal polyposis to a lesser degree. As a result, operating room efficiency represents a primary target for cost‐related interventions. Additionally, our data provide a framework for surgeons and hospitals to make evidence‐based decisions on intraoperative equipment in a tradeoff between efficiency and supply costs. Our findings indicate that an approach focused on streamlining efficiency across the entire ambulatory surgery encounter will have the greatest impact on reducing healthcare expenses for both the patient and the health system.
Microwave‐to‐Optical Conversion and Amplification in Cavity Optomagnonics System
Authors: Yan Ye‐Ting , Wang Da‐Wei , Yang Junya , Zhou Ling 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA scheme to construct microwave‐to‐optical conversion and amplification using a hybrid cavity optomagnonics system is presented. A yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere with nonlinearity couples to optical transverse‐electric (TE) and transverse‐magnetic (TM) whispering gallery modes and a microwave mode. It is shown that the TM classical mode can control the quantum signals input from the microwave mode transmission into the optical TE mode. Due to the nonlinearity of the YIG sphere as well as effective magnon‐optical nondegenerate parametric amplification form interaction, the microwave quantum signals can be amplified and transmitted into the optical TE mode. The current system can function well as a quantum transistor, which is important for constructing a quantum circuit using a cavity optomagnonics system.
Chemical Recording of Pump‐Specific Drug Efflux in Living Cells
Authors: Sun Xuege , Chen Ying , Yang Chen , Yang Song , Lin Wei , Quan Baiyi , Pan Xuanzhen , Ding Qiang , Chen Xing , Wang Chu , Qin Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDrug efflux—a process primarily facilitated by efflux pumps such as multidrug resistance proteins (MRPs)—plays a pivotal role in cellular resistance to chemotherapies. Conventional approaches to assess drug efflux are predominantly conducted in vitro and often lack pump specificity. Here we report the bioorthogonal reporter inhibiting efflux (BRIEF) strategy, which enables the recording of pump‐specific drug efflux in living cells. In BRIEF, a specific substrate is engineered as a bioorthogonal efflux probe (BEP) for specific pumps. The cellular concentration and protein labeling level of the probe can be augmented when the test drug is transported by the same pumps. Serendipitously, we discovered that per‐O‐acetylated unnatural monosaccharides, initially designed for metabolic glycan labeling, are exported by some MRPs. Using Ac4GlcNAl as a BEP, we studied the structure‐efflux relationship of flavonoids and identified small molecules, including tannic acid, cholesterol and gallic acid, as novel MRP substrates in high‐throughput screening. Tannic acid, known for anti‐tumor and anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 properties, showed increased efficacy upon MRP inhibition. Additionally, BRIEF was adapted to assess p‐glycoprotein‐mediated efflux using Rhodamine 123 as a BEP, leveraging its light‐activatable proximity labeling ability. BRIEF provides a versatile approach to investigate drug efflux and enhance chemotherapy strategies.
Enantioselective Construction of Oxindoles Bearing a Quaternary Carbon via Ni−Al Bimetal‐Catalyzed Formyl C−H Alkylation
Authors: Wang Haorui , Li Jiang‐Fei , Xu Mengying , Zhou Qi‐Lin , Xu Weiwei , Ye Mengchun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnantioselective transition metal‐catalyzed C−H alkylation emerges as one of the most atom‐ and step‐economical routes to chiral quaternary carbons, while big challenges still remain with acyl C−H alkylations. Herein, we use a Ni−Al bimetallic catalyst to facilitate a highly regioselective and highly enantioselective C−H alkylation of formamides with alkenes, constructing various oxindoles bearing a chiral quaternary carbon in up to 94 % yield and up to 95 % ee.
Divergent Tandem Acyl Carrier Proteins Necessitate In‐Series Polyketide Processing in the Leinamycin Family
Authors: Phillips Annabel P. , Winter Ashley J. , Hooper Chloe M. , Williams Christopher , Crosby John , Willis Christine L. , Crump Matthew P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe leinamycin family of polyketides are promising antitumor antibiotics, yet several aspects of their biosynthesis remain elusive. All leinamycin family members bear a sulfur‐containing moiety which is essential for the anticancer activity exhibited by leinamycin. The key building blocks required for the incorporation of these functionalities are introduced in the final module of the polyketide synthase (PKS), which elegantly combines β‐branching and thiocysteine incorporation to generate a diverse library of sulfur‐based molecular scaffolds. Two acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) form a key didomain component of this module, but their amino acid sequence divergence has brought into question the common notion of functional equivalence. Here, we provide unprecedented functional evidence that these tandem ACPs play distinct roles in the final module of polyketide assembly. Using the weishanmycin biosynthetic pathway as a template, the in vitro reconstitution of key polyketide chain extension and β‐branching steps in this module has revealed strict functional selectivity for a single ACP. Furthermore, we propose a cryptic transacylation step must occur prior to polyketide off‐loading and cyclization. Altogether, these mechanistic investigations suggest that an atypical in‐series mechanism underpins sulfur incorporation in the leinamycin family, and provides significant progress towards delineating their late‐stage assembly.
The P(III)‐Amidite Based Synthesis of Stable Isotope Labeled mRNA‐Cap‐Structures Enables their Sensitive Quantitation from Brain Tissue
Authors: Ripp Alexander , Krämer Martina , Barth Vanessa , Moser Patrick , Haas Thomas M. , Singh Jyoti , Huck Tamara , Gleue Lukas , Friedland Kristina , Helm Mark , Jessen Henning J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe 5’ cap structure is crucial to mRNA function, with its diverse methylation patterns depending on the cellular state. Sensitive analytical methods are sought after to quantify this cap variety also referred to as cap epitranscriptome. To address a bottleneck for accurate and precise quantitation, we report a facile and fast access to high‐quality synthetic standards via a new route, involving P(III)‐amidite chemistry. A range of cap nucleotides and their stable heavy isotopic labeled analogues were derived from nucleoside diphosphates, which themselves were directly prepared in a one‐step reaction sequence starting from unprotected nucleosides using a triphosphorylating reagent in combination with ethylenediamine. Considering a wider scope, the route also enables direct access to magic spot nucleotides and diphosphates of isoprenyl‐alcohols. Stable‐isotope labeled cap nucleotides derived from this route paved the way for the development of a highly sensitive LC–MS/MS method, applied to the characterization of mouse brain cap epitranscriptomes, which turned out to be very different from those of cultured cell lines of widespread use in the life sciences.
Dual‐Stage Reduction Strategy of Tin Perovskite Enables High Performance Photovoltaics
Authors: Yang Yu‐Tong , Hu Fan , Teng Tian‐Yu , Chen Chun‐Hao , Chen Jing , Nizamani Namatullah , Wang Kai‐Li , Xia Yu , Huang Lei , Wang Zhao‐Kui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe rapid oxidation of Sn2+ in tin‐based perovskite solar cells (TPSCs) restricts their efficiency and stability have been main bottleneck towards further development. This study developed a novel strategy which utilizes thiosulfate ions (S2O32−) in the precursor solution to enable a dual‐stage reduction process. In the solution stage, thiosulfate acted as an efficacious reducing agent to reduce Sn4+ to Sn2+, meanwhile, its oxidation products were able to reduce I2 to I− during the film stage. This dual reduction ability effectively inhibited the oxidation of Sn2+ and passivated defects, further promising an excellent stability of the perovskite devices. As a result, thiosulfate‐incorporated devices achieved a high efficiency of 14.78 % with open‐circuit voltage reaching 0.96 V. The stability of the optimized devices achieved a remarkable improvement, maintaining 90 % of their initial efficiencies after 628 hours at maximum‐power‐point (MPP). The findings provid research insights and experimental data support for the sustained dynamic reduction in TPSCs.
Hochgradig cytotoxische Cryptophycine mit modifiziertem Fragment D zur Konjugation
Authors: Dessin Cedric , Schachtsiek Thomas , Voss Jona , Abel Anne‐Catherine , Neumann Beate , Stammler Hans‐Georg , Prota Andrea E. , Sewald Norbert 
Published: September 2024

AbstractZellgifte für Wirkstoffkonjugate, die für eine gezielte Tumortherapie geeignet sind, müssen hochwirksam sein und benötigen eine chemische Anknüpfungsstelle für die Konjugation mit der Zieleinheit (Antikörper, Peptid oder kleines Molekül). Cryptophycine gehören zu einer Familie von Cyclodepsipeptiden, die sich durch eine außerordentlich hohe Cytotoxizität aus dem Reich der Naturstoffe hervorheben. Das Anbringen einer geeigneten konjugierbaren funktionellen Gruppe ohne Beeinträchtigung der Toxizität ist jedoch eine große Herausforderung. Fragment D, ursprünglich 2‐Hydroxyisocapronsäure (HICS oder Leucinsäure), wurde auf der Grundlage von Strukturdaten aus röntgendiffraktometrischer Analyse als strategisch vielversprechende modifizierbare Gruppe anvisiert. Es wurde ein vielseitiger, skalierbarer und effizienter Syntheseweg für konjugierbare Cryptophycine mit Modifizierung in Fragment D entwickelt und eine Reihe neuer Cryptophycin‐Analoga synthetisiert. Mehrere Derivate, insbesondere solche, die lipophile Gruppen mit geringem sterischem Anspruch, wie alkylierte Aminogruppen, enthalten, weisen hohe Cytotoxizität im niedrigen picomolaren Bereich auf, oft in Kombination mit Wirksamkeit gegenüber multiresistenten Tumorzellen. Die neu etablierten Cryptophycin‐Analoga umfassen ein breites Spektrum relevanter funktioneller Gruppen, die als Konjugationspunkt verwendet werden können, darunter Amino‐, Hydroxy‐, Carboxy‐ sowie schwefelhaltige Derivate. Die röntgenkristallographische Analyse eines Tubulin‐gebundenen Cryptophycins zusammen mit quantitativer Struktur‐Wirkungsbeziehung lieferte Maximen für die Synthese der wirksamsten Cryptophycin‐Derivate und bestätigte die Tauglichkeit von Fragment D zur Modifizierung.