bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistant to change? The transition to parenthood among married adults in China
Authors: Tong Yuying , Piotrowski Martin , Zhang Yueyun 
Published: February 2017

Using retrospective life history data from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) and discrete time event history analysis, this study investigates the transition to parenthood of adult males and females for the 1965 to 2004 marriage cohorts. We find that Chinese people generally prefer to become parents soon after marriage. We also find that more recent marriage cohorts are less likely to become parents compared to earlier cohort for males, but this is not the case for women. This indicates that economic or role incompatibility in general does not prevent women from becoming mothers, which in general supports the idea that there are alternative resources available for women to balance the role incompatibility in China's context. The extended family is an important resource for married couples to rely upon to raise young children. This study sheds light on China's family therapy practice, which should take into consideration the demographic trends and cultural factors in understanding the role conflict within the family, such as intergenerational relations and gender ideology.Practitioner points

Role incompatibility of having children can be relieved by extended family, so therapy programmes dealing with intergenerational relationship should be developed
Family therapists should consider the pace of gender ideology change in child rearing during negotiation of the husband‐wife relationship
Training programmes can be more specific to the extended family for dealing with child rearing skills and potential conflict resolutions.
Coexistence of Subdural Hematoma and a Rare Cardiopathy in an Infant: Etiological and French Medicolegal Discussion
Authors: Tuchtan Lucile , Lebreton‐Chakour Catherine , Tosello Barthélemy , Oger Marjolaine , Piercecchi‐Marti Marie‐Dominique , Bartoli Christophe 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDuring legal proceedings following the unexpected death of an infant, the magistrate calls on an expert to clarify the causes of death and to decide on the course to be taken. A report was made following the death of a 7‐month‐old baby girl after recovery from cardiac arrest when investigations of the cause revealed a subdural hematoma (SDH). We discuss the interconnection of these two entities and their role in the lethal process. In this infant, two distinct lesions with medicolegal implications were simultaneously present: on the one hand histiocytoid cardiopathy, and on the other hand SDH, which could result from ill‐treatment. The case of this infant reminds us that the role of the pediatrician is to report the suspicion, whereas the role of the medical expert is to inform the magistrate as to the reality of abuse and its implication in the lethal process.
Differences in Clinical and Pathological Features of Renal Cell Carcinoma Between Japanese Patients After Kidney Transplantation and Those on Hemodialysis
Authors: Takagi Toshio , Kondo Tsunenori , Okumi Masayoshi , Ishida Hideki , Tanabe Kazunari 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe compared the clinical features, pathological features, and prognoses of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arising in the native kidney after kidney transplantation (RCC‐transplant) or on hemodialysis (RCC‐HD), and analyzed predictive factors for survival at a Japanese single institution. This cohort included 42 patients in the RCC‐transplant group and 467 patients in the RCC‐HD group. RCC‐transplant patients were younger (53 years vs. 56 years, P = 0.0358) and had less frequent symptoms (12% vs. 27%, P = 0.0344) than RCC‐HD patients. Although tumor size, tumor stage, and histological subtype were not significantly different, the RCC‐transplant group had less frequent multifocal occurrences and ACDK. Overall 5‐year survival (RCC‐transplant, 80%; RCC‐hemodialysis, 76%; P = 0.3217) and 5‐year cancer‐specific survival (CSS; RCC‐transplant, 84%; RCC‐hemodialysis, 89%; P = 0.8916) were not significantly different between the two groups. Tumor stage and grade were significant predictors for CSS. Although kidney transplantation and hemodialysis were not associated with CSS, tumor stage was an independent predictor of CSS.
Antioxidant Extracts from Acorns (Quercus ilex L.) Effectively Protect Ready‐to‐Eat (RTE) Chicken Patties Irrespective of Packaging Atmosphere
Authors: Ferreira Valquíria C. S. , Morcuende David , Hérnandez‐López Silvia H. , Madruga Marta S. , Silva Fábio A. P. , Estévez Mario 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study evaluated the impact of a phenolic‐rich acorn extract (200 ppm gallic acid equivalents) and the concentration of oxygen in the packaging system (low‐oxygen modified atmosphere; 5% vs. normal‐oxygen; 21%) on lipid and protein oxidation and consumers acceptance of the ready‐to‐eat chicken patties. Samples were subjected to cooking (electric oven, 170 °C/16 min), cold storage (14 d at 4 °C), and reheating (microwave, 600 mW/1 min). Samples treated with acorn extract kept thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances numbers and lipid‐derived volatiles at basal levels throughout the whole processing irrespective of the oxygen concentration in the packaging atmosphere. Consistently, treated patties had lower protein carbonyls than control ones. The acorn extract also controlled color and texture deterioration during chilled storage and reheating and improved the color and odor acceptance of the products. Formulating with acorn extract is a feasible strategy to inhibit the oxidation‐driven changes and preserve the quality of reheated samples as if there were freshly cooked. Compared to the effect of the antioxidant extract, the concentration of oxygen in the packaging system was negligible in terms of quality preservation.
Microdiversity shapes the traits, niche space, and biogeography of microbial taxa
Authors: Larkin Alyse A. , Martiny Adam C. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryWith rapidly improving sequencing technologies, scientists have recently gained the ability to examine diverse microbial communities at high genomic resolution, revealing that both free‐living and host‐associated microbes partition their environment at fine phylogenetic scales. This ‘microdiversity,’ or closely related (> 97% similar 16S rRNA gene) but ecologically and physiologically distinct sub‐taxonomic groups, appears to be an intrinsic property of microorganisms. However, the functional implications of microdiversity as well as its effects on microbial biogeography are poorly understood. Here, we present two theoretical models outlining the evolutionary mechanisms that drive the formation of microdiverse ‘sub‐taxa.’ Additionally, we review recent literature and reveal that microdiversity influences a wide range of functional traits across diverse ecosystems and microbes. Moving to higher levels of organization, we use laboratory data from marine, soil, and host‐associated bacteria to demonstrate that the aggregated trait‐based response of microdiverse sub‐taxa modifies the fundamental niche of microbes. The correspondence between microdiversity and niche space represents a critical tool for future studies of microbial ecology. By combining growth experiments on diverse isolates with examinations of environmental abundance patterns, researchers can better quantify the fundamental and realized niches of microbes and improve understanding of microbial biogeography and response to future environmental change.
Stagewise Generalized Estimating Equations with Grouped Variables
Authors: Vaughan Gregory , Aseltine Robert , Chen Kun , Yan Jun 
Published: February 2017

SummaryForward stagewise estimation is a revived slow-brewing approach for model building that is particularly attractive in dealing with complex data structures for both its computational efficiency and its intrinsic connections with penalized estimation. Under the framework of generalized estimating equations, we study general stagewise estimation approaches that can handle clustered data and non-Gaussian/non-linear models in the presence of prior variable grouping structure. As the grouping structure is often not ideal in that even the important groups may contain irrelevant variables, the key is to simultaneously conduct group selection and within-group variable selection, that is, bi-level selection. We propose two approaches to address the challenge. The first is a bi-level stagewise estimating equations (BiSEE) approach, which is shown to correspond to the sparse group lasso penalized regression. The second is a hierarchical stagewise estimating equations (HiSEE) approach to handle more general hierarchical grouping structure, in which each stagewise estimation step itself is executed as a hierarchical selection process based on the grouping structure. Simulation studies show that BiSEE and HiSEE yield competitive model selection and predictive performance compared to existing approaches. We apply the proposed approaches to study the association between the suicide-related hospitalization rates of the 15–19 age group and the characteristics of the school districts in the State of Connecticut.
Ways of encoding somatic information and their effects on retrospective symptom reporting
Authors: Walentynowicz Marta , Van Diest Ilse , Raes Filip , Van den Bergh Omer 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesRetrospective symptom reports tend to overestimate actual symptom intensity. This study explored how focusing on sensory‐perceptual or on affective‐motivational aspects of a somatic experience influenced retrospective symptom reports in high and low habitual symptom reporters (HSR). We hypothesized that a focus on affective‐motivational aspects of somatic episodes contributes to retrospective overestimation compared to a focus on sensory‐perceptual aspects.DesignDyspnoea (rebreathing) and pain (cold pain) were induced during two experimental sessions in healthy women: 21 high and 24 low HSR, selected using cut‐off scores on a symptom checklist. Within‐subject manipulation of sensory and affective processing focus (PF) took place at the encoding phase before symptom induction.MethodsDyspnoea and pain ratings were collected immediately after the symptom inductions and after 2 weeks. Breathing behaviour was recorded during dyspnoea trials, while affective state and symptom measures were collected after each trial.ResultsCompared to pain, dyspnoea induction was perceived as more unpleasant, arousing, and threatening (ps < .001). Affective PF led to higher arousal (p < .01) and threat ratings (p = .01) than sensory PF. Affective PF also led to an increase in retrospective dyspnoea ratings over the course of 2 weeks (p = .039), which was not observed for pain, nor for dyspnoea after sensory PF. The effects of PF on symptom ratings were independent of the HSR levels.ConclusionsThe PF during symptom encoding may explain previously observed bias in retrospective symptom reporting. The results are relevant to understand the mechanisms underlying symptom overreporting.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Retrospective symptom ratings are often biased when compared to the momentary assessments.

Attending to either sensory or affective aspects of the somatic experience is one of the factors affecting self‐reported symptoms.

What does this study add?

Focusing on affective aspects elicited by the somatic experience led to an increase in retrospective symptom ratings over time.

This is particularly so for more aversive somatic experiences.

Directing the processing focus to sensory aspects during symptom encoding can attenuate bias in retrospective symptom reporting.
Dapagliflozin‐lowered blood glucose reduces respiratory Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in diabetic mice
Authors: Åstrand Annika , Wingren Cecilia , Benjamin Audra , Tregoning John S , Garnett James P , Groves Helen , Gill Simren , Orogo‐Wenn Maria , Lundqvist Anders J , Walters Dafydd , Smith David M , Taylor John D , Baker Emma H , Baines Deborah L 
Published: February 2017

Background and PurposeHyperglycaemia increases glucose concentrations in airway surface liquid and increases the risk of pulmonary Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. We determined whether reduction of blood and airway glucose concentrations by the anti‐diabetic drug dapagliflozin could reduce P. aeruginosa growth/survival in the lungs of diabetic mice.Experimental ApproachThe effect of dapagliflozin on blood and airway glucose concentration, the inflammatory response and infection were investigated in C57BL/6J (wild type, WT) or leptin receptor‐deficient (db/db) mice, treated orally with dapagliflozin prior to intranasal dosing with LPS or inoculation with P. aeruginosa. Pulmonary glucose transport and fluid absorption were investigated in Wistar rats using the perfused fluid‐filled lung technique.Key ResultsFasting blood, airway glucose and lactate concentrations were elevated in the db/db mouse lung. LPS challenge increased inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from WT and db/db mice with and without dapagliflozin treatment. P. aeruginosa colony‐forming units (CFU) were increased in db/db lungs. Pretreatment with dapagliflozin reduced blood and bronchoalveolar lavage glucose concentrations and P. aeruginosa CFU in db/db mice towards those seen in WT. Dapagliflozin had no adverse effects on the inflammatory response in the mouse or pulmonary glucose transport or fluid absorption in the rat lung.Conclusion and ImplicationsPharmacological lowering of blood glucose with dapagliflozin effectively reduced P. aeruginosa infection in the lungs of diabetic mice and had no adverse pulmonary effects in the rat. Dapagliflozin has potential to reduce the use, or augment the effect, of antimicrobials in the prevention or treatment of pulmonary infection.
Effect of gonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone on luteinizing hormone secretion in humans
Authors: George J.T. , Hendrikse M. , Veldhuis J.D. , Clarke I.J. , Anderson R.A. , Millar R.P. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackgroundGonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone (GnIH, human homologue of RFRP‐3) suppresses gonadotropin secretion in animal models, but its effects have not been studied in the human.ObjectiveWe tested the hypotheses that exogenous GnIH inhibits LH secretion (i) in postmenopausal women and (ii) in men concurrently administered exogenous kisspeptin.DesignFollowing in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies to functionally characterize the GnIH peptide, a dose‐finding study (human GnIH: 1·5–150 μg/kg/h, iv for 3 h) was undertaken, and 50 μg/kg/h selected for further evaluation. Five postmenopausal women were administered 50 μg/kg/h iv infusion for 3 h or vehicle on two separate days. Four men were administered kisspeptin‐10 (0·3 μg/kg iv bolus) with simultaneous infusion of GnIH (50 μg/kg/h, iv for 3 h) or vehicle.ParticipantsHealthy postmenopausal women (mean age 58 ± 2 years, LH: 30·8 ± 2·9 IU/l, FSH: 78·7 ± 6·4 IU/l, oestradiol: <50 pmol/l) and men (39·8 ± 2·1 years, mean total testosterone 12·1 ± 1·8 nmol/l, LH 2·2 ± 0·2 IU/l).Primary outcomeChange in area under curve (AUC) of LH during GnIHvs vehicle.ResultsDuring GnIH administration in postmenopausal women, LH secretion decreased (ΔAUC: −9·9 ± 1·8 IU/3 h) vs vehicle (ΔAUC: −0·5 ± 1·7 IU/3 h; P = 0·02). Kisspeptin‐10‐stimulated LH responses in men were not affected by GnIH co‐administration (60‐min AUC of LH 6·2 ± 0·8 IU/h with kisspeptin‐10 alone, 6·3 ± 1·0 IU/h, kisspeptin‐10 with GnIH, P = 0·72). Exogenous GnIH was well tolerated, with no adverse events reported.ConclusionsGonadotropin‐inhibitory hormone decreased LH secretion in postmenopausal women in this first‐in‐human study. Kisspeptin‐stimulated LH secretion in men was not inhibited during concomitant administration of GnIH.
Medical cost savings in Sakado City and worldwide achieved by preventing disease by folic acid fortification
Authors: Kagawa Yasuo , Hiraoka Mami , Kageyama Mitsuyo , Kontai Yoshiko , Yurimoto Mayumi , Nishijima Chiharu , Sakamoto Kaori 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe introduction of mandatory fortification of grains with folate in 1998 in the United States resulted in 767 fewer spina bifida cases annually and a cost saving of $603 million per year. However, far more significant medical cost savings result from preventing common diseases, including myocardial infarction, stroke, dementia and osteoporosis. A cost‐effectiveness analysis showed a gain of 266 649 quality‐adjusted life‐years and $3.6 billion saved annually, mainly due to the reduction of cardiac infarction. The recommended folate intake in Japan is 240 μg/day whereas it is 400 μg/day internationally. Our Sakado Folate Project targeted individuals with genetic polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase or with hyperhomocysteinemia. Using, for example, folate‐fortified rice, resulted in an increase in serum folate and a decrease in serum homocysteine in the participants, and reduced medical costs were achieved by decreasing myocardial infarction, stroke, dementia and fracture. Due to the small population of Sakado City (approximately 101 000) and small number of births (693) in 2015, a decrease in spina bifida could not be confirmed but there was a significant decrease in the number of very low birthweight infants. The genome notification of subjects was effective in motivating intake of folate, but the increase in serum folate (from 17.4 to 22.5 nmol/L, 129%) was less than that observed following compulsory folic acid fortification of cereals in the USA (from 12.1 to 30.2 nmol/L, 149.6%). Mandatory folic acid fortification is cheap in decreasing medical costs and is thus recommended in Japan.
Short‐ and long‐term outcomes with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone inhibitors in renal transplant recipients: A meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Liao Ruo‐xi , Lyu Xia‐fei , Tang Wen‐jiao , Gao Kai 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundAngiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor type 1 blockers (ARBs) are often prescribed for renal transplant recipients (RTRs), but the outcomes of these medications in RTRs remain controversial.MethodsThe PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched. Randomized controlled trials investigating the outcomes of ACEI/ARBs in RTRs were included for meta‐analysis.ResultsTwenty‐two trials with 2242 patients were identified. After treatment for at least 12 months, ACEI/ARBs were associated with a decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) (weighed mean differences [WMD] −5.76 mL/min; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: −9.31 to −2.20) and a decrease in hemoglobin (WMD −9.81 g/L; 95% CI: −14.98 to −4.64). There were no significant differences in mortality between ACEI/ARB and non‐ACEI/ARB groups (risk ratio [RR] 0.98, 95% CI: 0.58 to 1.76), nor in graft failure (RR 0.68, 95% CI: 0.38 to 1.32). After short‐term treatment (less than 1 year), significant differences were found in changes of 24‐hour proteinuria (WMD−0.57 g/d; 95% CI: −0.72 to −0.42) and serum potassium (WMD 0.25 mEq/L; 95% CI: 0.14 to 0.37) in ACEI/ARB groups compared to control arm, while these differences were not confirmed in the long run.ConclusionThis meta‐analysis indicates ACEI/ARBs may be prescribed to RTRs with GFR and hemoglobin being carefully monitored.
Cognitive function after heart transplantation: Comparing everolimus‐based and calcineurin inhibitor‐based regimens
Authors: Bürker Britta S. , Gullestad Lars , Gude Einar , Relbo Authen Anne , Grov Ingelin , Hol Per K. , Andreassen Arne K. , Arora Satish , Dew Mary Amanda , Fiane Arnt E. , Haraldsen Ira R. , Malt Ulrik F. , Andersson Stein 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundStudies have shown conflicting results concerning the occurrence of cognitive impairment after successful heart transplantation (HTx). Another unresolved issue is the possible differential impact of immunosuppressants on cognitive function. In this study, we describe cognitive function in a cohort of HTx recipients and subsequently compare cognitive function between subjects on either everolimus‐ or calcineurin inhibitor (CNI)‐based immunosuppression.MethodsCognitive function, covering attention, processing speed, executive functions, memory, and language functions, was assessed with a neuropsychological test battery. Thirty‐seven subjects were included (everolimus group: n=20; CNI group: n=17). The extent of cerebrovascular pathology was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging.ResultsAbout 40% of subjects had cognitive impairment, defined as performance at least 1.5 standard deviations below normative mean in one or several cognitive domains. Cerebrovascular pathology was present in 33.3%. There were no statistically significant differences between treatment groups across cognitive domains.ConclusionsGiven the high prevalence of cognitive impairment in the sample, plus the known negative impact of cognitive impairment on clinical outcome, our results indicate that cognitive assessment should be an integrated part of routine clinical follow‐up after HTx. However, everolimus‐ and CNI‐based immunosuppressive regimens did not show differential impacts on cognitive function.
Radiocesium contamination of aquatic organisms in the estuary of the Abukuma River flowing through Fukushima
Authors: Shigenobu Yuya , Ambe Daisuke , Ono Tsuneo , Fujimoto Ken , Morita Takami , Ichikawa Tadafumi , Watanabe Tomowo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn the summer of 2013, we measured the radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) concentrations in aquatic organisms inhabiting the estuary of the Abukuma River, which flows through the Fukushima and Miyagi Prefectures. Radiocesium concentrations in four muscle‐tissue samples of blackhead seabream (Acanthopagrus schlegeli) [1240, 914, 202 and 106 Bq kg−1 wet weight (w.w.)] and two whole‐body samples deriving from multiple individuals of flathead grey mullet (Mugil cephalus) (129 and 110 Bq kg−1 w.w.) exceeded the Japanese standard limit for radiocesium levels in foods (100 Bq kg−1 w.w.). However, radiocesium concentrations in the other fish samples were lower than the Japanese standard limit. In addition, radiocesium concentrations in crustaceans, major prey items of omnivorous and carnivorous fish species in the Abukuma River estuary, were generally low (0.444–15.1 Bq kg−1 w.w.). Stable isotope analysis indicated that the feeding habit of the three heavily contaminated blackhead seabream, which the radiocesium concentrations were about several times or more higher than the Japanese standard limit, were similar to those of other individuals collected from the same sampling site. Therefore, the difference in the radiocesium level between the three heavily contaminated individuals and the less‐contaminated individuals of blackhead seabream was not because of a recent feeding habit in the Abukuma River estuary. Environmental conditions in the Abukuma River estuary in the summer of 2013 would not have had the potential to increase radiocesium concentrations in the muscle tissues of fish inhabiting the estuary to levels greater than 100 Bq kg−1 w.w.
Social comparisons in consumption, international capital flows and tax competition
Authors: Chang Juin‐Jen , Cheng Yi‐Ling , Peng Shin‐Kun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper explores the implications of consumption externalities for capital mobility, the distribution of firms and tax competition. In the absence of tax competition, the country with higher consumption externality attracts more capital/firms. In contrast, under tax competition, because the country with higher consumption externality will impose a higher tax rate on capital, due to the strong negative effect of taxation, the country with lower externality attracts more capital. Besides, as trade openness increases, capital agglomerates in the country with lower consumption externality. We also show that there may exist an efficiency‐enhancing role for tax competition.