bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Verteilung ausgewählter toxischer Spurenelemente im Sediment des Breitlingsees bei Brandenburg
Authors: Schettler Georg 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEine Bestandsaufnahme des Belastungsstatus der jüngeren Sedimente eines Havelsees bei Brandenburg mit toxischen Spurenelementen ergab für einige Schwermetalle zum Teil erhebliche Anreicherungen gegenüber dem geogenen Background (Zn: 50fach, Cd: 25fach, Cu: 14fach, Pb: 13fach), während der Konzentrationslevel von Be, Co, V bei Berücksichtigung des angestiegenen Tonmineraleintrags bemerkenswert konstant geblieben ist. – Die Schwermetallverteilungsmuster im Sediment lassen auf einen hohen Anteil an atmosphärischem Eintrag schließen. gleichzeitig weisen aufgenommene Profile auf einen seit Jahren gleichmäßig hohen Schadstoffeintrag hin. – Insbesondere Zn verdient wegen seiner hohen Anreicherung und der beträchtlichen NH4Ac‐Austauschbarkeit ökotoxikologische Beachtung.
Wasserqualität durch höhere Wasserpflanzen. — Übersicht zur ökotechnologischen Anwendung —
Authors: Weise G. , Paul L. , Bahr I. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAn Experimenten in der Unterwasservorsperre der Talsperre Saidenbach werden Möglichkeiten, Vor‐ und Nachteile von schwimmenden Pflanzeninseln und Vertikalnetzen sowie die Probleme ihrer Installation und ihres Bewuchses für die Separierung von Gewässerabschnitten und die gezielte Förderung des Stoffumsatzes im Sinne einer ökotechnologischen Biomanipulation untersucht und diskutiert. Hydrodynamisch ist nur die Kombination von Pflanzenmatten als künstliche Pflanzeninseln und Vertikalnetz(en), möglichst in Kombination mit einem Unterwassersperrbauwerk erfolgreich. Sie kann zu einer Entkopplung von Wasserkörpern erfolgreich beitragen und die Wasserbewegung dämpfen, die Sedimentation fördern, die Durchlichtungstiefe vergrößern sowie die Resuspension des Sedimentes vermindern. Insgesamt ist der ökotechnologische Einsatz von Makrophyten in der Form litoraler Gemeinschaften und schwimmender Pflanzeninseln aber nur erfolgversprechend, wenn er mit weiteren Maßnahmen der Sanierung sowohl im Einzugsgebiet als auch im Gewässer kombiniert wird.
Die gaschromatographische Bestimmung von Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure in Oberflächenwasser
Authors: Wanke T. , Eberle S. H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractEs wird eine Methode zur Bestimmung der Diethylentriaminpentaessigsäure (DTPA) in Oberflächenwasser beschrieben. Die Bestimmung basiert auf der Voranreicherung auf einem stark basischen Anionenaustauscher, Verestern mit n‐Propanol und anschließender gaschromatographischer Trennung mit Stickstoff‐selektiver Detektion. Die Nachweisgrenze liegt mit Anreicherung bei 1 μg/L in Flußwasser. Die Identität des DTPA in Flußwasserproben wurde durch massenspektroskopische Untersuchungen nachgewiesen.Das Verfahren ist auch zur quantitativen Bestimmung von weiteren Aminopolycarbonsäuren, wie Nitrilotriessigsäure (NTA), Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure (EDTA), Cyclohexandiamintetraessigsäure (CDTA) und Ethylenglycolbis‐(2‐aminoethylether)‐N,N,N′,N′‐tetraessigsäure (EGTA) geeignet. U.a. wurde nach der beschriebenen Methode im Januar und Februar 1992 Rheinwasser untersucht. Die entlang des Flusses genommenen Schöpfproben zeigten, daß DTPA stellenweise in vergleichbar hoher Konzentration wie NTA und EDTA auftritt.
Ammonia Removal from Tannery Wastewaters by Selective Ion Exchange on Slovak Clinoptilolite
Authors: Chmielewská‐Horváthová E. , Konečný J. , Bošan Z. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe purpose of the work was to verify and demonstrate, on a pilot plant scale, the applicability of the Slovak clinoptilolite as a natural selective ion exchanger for the removal of ammonia from tannery wastewaters. During the pilot treatment experiments at an industrial wastewater treatment plant of the Shoe Manufacturing Industry Svit‐Otrokovice, about 260 m3 of wastewaters were treated. The regeneration process was carried out with 2% NaCl (pH = 9, NaOH) and the eluate was distributed into 3 fractions. Only the most concentrated ammonia fraction was stripped in the renovation step. The economic efficiency of the studied method was compared with the biological nitrification‐denitrification method.
Zum Einfluß des pH‐Wertes und des Calciumgehaltes auf Metall‐Fulvinsäure‐Bindungen — Inversvoltammetrische und chemometrische Untersuchungen
Authors: v. Tümpling W. , Geiß S. , Einax J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractZur Untersuchung von Schwermetallbindungsformen im Wasser wurden die elektrochemisch verfügbaren Konzentrationen der Kupfer‐, Zink‐ und Cadmiumionen inversvoltammetrisch bestimmt. Die angewandte statistische Versuchsplanung ermöglicht eine Untersuchung der vielfältigen und untereinander wechselwirkenden Effekte der Einflußgrößen (pH‐Wert, Calcium‐ und Fulvinsäurekonzentration) auf die Bindung der Schwermetalle bei minimaler Anzahl von Versuchen. Der pH‐Wert ist die Haupteinflußgröße bezüglich der elektrochemisch verfügbaren Metallkonzentrationen. Calcium und Fulvinsäure setzen ebenfalls den verfügbaren Metallanteil herab. Die mit den Ergebnissen der Faktorplanexperimente durchgeführte multiple Regression und die PLS‐Modellierung wurden zur Auswertung herangezogen. Zur Überprüfung der beiden Modelle wurden die Parameter pH, Ca‐ und Fulvinsäurekonzentration innerhalb des kalibrierten Bereiches variiert und die Voraussagen mit den experimentellen Werten verglichen. Dabei ist das PLS‐Modell mit relativen Fehlern von 9.7% für Cd, 6.0% für Zn und 58% für Cu in der Voraussage besser als das Modell der multiplen linearen Regression mit Fehlern von 12% für Cd, 9% für Zn und 65% für Cu, da auch die Wechselwirkungen zwischen den Metallen in die Analyse einbezogen werden. Die PLS‐Modellierung ist somit als ein geeignetes Mittel zur mathematischen Beschreibung von chemischen Wechselwirkungen in simulierten natürlichen Matrizes zu betrachten.
Queue length estimation at metered freeway‐to‐freeway connectors
Authors: Yang Guangchuan , Tian Zong , Xu Hao , Wang Daobin 
Published: December 2016

SummaryFreeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is a cost‐effective and proven freeway management strategy for relieving recurrent congestion. However, one of the critical challenges in design and operation of freeway‐to‐freeway connector metering is the lack of up‐to‐date queue storage length design guidance. In this study, it was found that ramp queue is dynamically related to the metering rate, on‐ramp demand, and traffic flow arrival pattern. Hence, simply using an average demand cannot provide accurate queue length estimation and is also not suitable for queue storage design where the maximum or a percentile queue length is generally used. A mesoscopic queue length simulation model was developed based on the input–output method for estimating queue lengths under various demand‐to‐capacity ratio scenarios. Simulation results indicate that for under‐saturated situations, the ramp queue may exist temporally due to the random short‐term surge of traffic arrivals, and the exponential function could best capture the relationship between queue length and demand‐to‐capacity ratio. For over‐saturated situations, the ramp queue tends to prolong linearly with the demand‐to‐capacity ratio. Based on the simulation, it was recommended that queue storage length be designed as 4.3% of on‐ramp demand when demand is lower than 1200 vph or 2.3% when demand is between 1200 and 2400 vph. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Viren – Hummeln – Tomaten
Authors: Jeske Holger 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPflanzenviren müssen nicht schädlich sein. Aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass sie die befallene Pflanze auch zur Produktion von bestimmten Duftstoffen anregen können, die Hummeln anlocken. Dadurch wird die Pflanze besser bestäubt und so die Samenproduktion gefördert. Wahrscheinlich ist dieses Phänomen nicht nur vorteilhaft für die Pflanzen, sondern auch für die Viren, denn langfristig setzen sich Pflanzenvarianten durch, in denen sich Viren gut vermehren können.
Tee – das zweithäufigste Getränk des Menschen
Authors: Rösemann Ulrich 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWenn man heute genüsslich eine Tasse “Earl Grey” trinkt oder ganz fix den Teebeutel in den Becher wirft, ist es kaum vorstellbar, dass für den Genuss der Teepflanze (Camellia sinensis, Abbildung 1) Kriege geführt wurden und viele Menschen auf abenteuerlichen Expeditionen ihr Leben gelassen haben.
President's Page
Authors: Caidi Nadia 
Published: December 2016

EDITOR'S SUMMARYIn her final message as ASIS&T president, Nadia Caidi extends thanks to the conference co‐chairs and many others who have contributed to a successful 2016 Annual Meeting in Copenhagen, the first beyond North America. Caidi notes the strong financial health of the Association and the hiring of the Association's first communications officer. Numerous efforts have been made toward priority goals for the year: outreach and engagement with members and the wider information science community and internal knowledge management. An Executive Director Task Force has been formed to find a successor to Dick Hill, considering organizational and financial status, strategic planning and oversight by either an executive director or an association management firm. Members are invited to share ideas and voice their opinions on issues of common interest as the Association moves forward.
In Praise of Email
Authors: Creekmore Laura 
Published: December 2016

EDITOR'S SUMMARYWhile some aspire to minimize traditional email and prefer other communication platforms, email systems have presented strong advantages over alternative messaging channels. The systems offer simple organization and search features and let users personalize categorization based on folders. But a move to Google Apps prompted the author to appreciate the value of tags for managing email content by facets such as date, project and name, singly or in combination. The accuracy of search in email extends to related Google applications. Information architects would do well to rethink features in existing systems and redesign them to meet users' evolving and increasing needs.
Subcellular organization of UBE3A in neurons
Authors: Burette Alain C. , Judson Matthew C. , Burette Susan , Phend Kristen D. , Philpot Benjamin D. , Weinberg Richard J. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTUbiquitination regulates a broad array of cellular processes, and defective ubiquitination is implicated in several neurological disorders. Loss of the E3 ubiquitin–protein ligase UBE3A causes Angelman syndrome. Despite its clinical importance, the normal role of UBE3A in neurons is still unclear. As a step toward deciphering its possible functions, we performed high‐resolution light and electron microscopic immunocytochemistry. We report a broad distribution of UBE3A in neurons, highlighted by concentrations in axon terminals and euchromatin‐rich nuclear domains. Our findings suggest that UBE3A may act locally to regulate individual synapses while also mediating global, neuronwide influences through the regulation of gene transcription. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1–1, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Measurement of Intestinal and Peripheral Cholesterol Fluxes by a Dual‐Tracer Balance Method
Authors: Ronda Onne A.H.O. , van Dijk Theo H. , Verkade H.J. , Groen Albert K. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLong‐term elevated plasma cholesterol levels put individuals at risk for developing atherosclerosis. Plasma cholesterol levels are determined by the balance between cholesterol input and output fluxes. Here we describe in detail the methodology to determine the different cholesterol fluxes in mice. The percentage of absorbed cholesterol is calculated from a stable isotope–based double‐label method. Cholesterol synthesis is calculated from MIDA after 13C‐acetate enrichment. Cholesterol is removed from the body via the feces. The fecal excretion route is either biliary or non‐biliary. The non‐biliary route is dominated by trans‐intestinal cholesterol efflux, or TICE. Biliary excretion of cholesterol is measured by collecting bile. Non‐biliary excretion is calculated by computational modeling. In this article, we describe methods and procedures to measure and calculate dietary intake of cholesterol, fractional cholesterol absorption, fecal neutral sterol output, biliary cholesterol excretion, TICE, cholesterol synthesis, peripheral fluxes, and whole‐body cholesterol balance. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Methodological Considerations for Optimizing and Validating Behavioral Assays
Authors: Sukoff Rizzo Stacey J. , Silverman Jill L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPreclinical animal models are indispensable tools for translational research for which behavioral characterization and phenotyping are essential to testing hypotheses and for evaluating the potential of novel therapeutic agents to treat diseases. The methods employed for comprehensive behavioral phenotyping and pharmacological experiments are complex and should be conducted exclusively by trained technicians with demonstrated proficiency. The ultimate goal is to identify disease‐relevant and translational behavioral endpoints that are robust, reliable, and reproducible, and that can be employed to evaluate potential of novel therapeutic agents to treat disease. The intent of the present article is to provide a pragmatic outline for establishing and optimizing behavioral assays and phenotyping batteries, ensuring that the assays and the data are reliable such that they can be reproduced within and across technicians and laboratories and, more importantly, that the data is translatable to the clinic. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
RNA Secondary Structure Prediction
Authors: Mathews David H. , Turner Douglas H. , Watson Richard M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this unit, protocols are provided for predicting RNA secondary structure with the user‐friendly RNAstructure desktop computer program and the RNAstructure Web server. The minimum free energy structure and a set of suboptimal structures with similar free energies are predicted. Prediction of high‐affinity oligonucleotide binding sites to a structured RNA target is also presented. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Live‐Cell Imaging of Meiotic Spindle and Chromosome Dynamics in Maize (Zea mays)
Authors: Nannas Natalie J. , Dawe R. Kelly 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLive‐cell imaging is a powerful tool that allows investigators to directly observe the dynamics of cellular processes. Live imaging has proven particularly useful in studying mitotic and meiotic chromosome segregation, where the assembly of spindles and movement of chromosomes can be quantified in ways not possible with fixed cells. This protocol describes how to image live meiosis in the agriculturally important plant, maize. The creation of fluorescently tagged tubulin allows visualization of maize spindles, and nucleic acid dyestain chromosomes. This protocol describes all steps required for live imaging, including how to grow plants, screen for relevant genotypes, harvest meiotic cells, and collect live movies of meiosis. While this protocol was developed for imaging fluorescently tagged tubulin, it can be easily modified to observe the meiotic dynamics of any fluorescently labeled protein of interest. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Metabolites in Barley Grain Tissues
Authors: Peukert Manuela , Lim Wai Li , Seiffert Udo , Matros Andrea 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHigher plants are composed of a multitude of tissues with particular functions, reflected by distinct profiles of transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Although the rapid development of “omics” technologies has advanced plant science tremendously within recent years, analysis is frequently performed on whole organ or whole plant extracts, causing the loss of spatial information. Mass spectrometry–based imaging (MSI) approaches have become a powerful tool to decipher spatially resolved molecular information. Matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is the most widespread ionization method utilized for MSI and has recently been applied to plant science. A range of different plant organs and tissues has been successfully analyzed by MSI, and patterns of various classes of metabolites from primary and secondary metabolism have been obtained. This protocol describes a method for analysis of spatial metabolite distributions in cryosections of developing barley grains. Detailed procedures for sample preparation, mass spectrometry measurement, and data analysis are provided. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
DNA Assembly for Plant Biology
Authors: Patron Nicola J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractParallel DNA assembly methods allow multiple fragments of DNA to be compiled in a desired order in a single reaction. Several methods enable the efficient one‐step assembly of multiple DNA parts into a suitable plasmid acceptor at high efficiency. Type IIS‐mediated assembly offers the specific advantage of a one‐step reaction that does not require proprietary reagents or the amplification and purification of linear DNA fragments. Instead, multiple plasmids housing standardized DNA parts of interest are combined in an enzyme cocktail. To make these standard parts, DNA sequences with defined functions are assigned specific sequence features. This allows parts to be interoperable and reusable. The availability of collections of DNA parts and molecular toolkits that allow the facile assembly of multigene binary constructs and the establishment of standards for the creation of new parts means Type IIS‐mediated assembly has become a powerful technology for modern plant molecular biologists. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Generation of Transgenic Soybean (Glycine max) via Particle Bombardment of Embryogenic Cultures
Authors: Finer John J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis protocol describes one method for generating transgenic soybean (Glycine max) using particle bombardment of embryogenic cultures. Embryogenic cultures consist of proliferating masses of somatic embryos and are initially obtained from the cotyledons of immature seeds. Embryogenic cultures are bombarded with small DNA‐coated particles and the cells that receive, incorporate and express the DNA are selected, based on a co‐delivered antibiotic resistance gene. For recovery of whole plants from the antibiotic resistant embryogenic tissues, the tissues are first placed on a medium conducive to embryo development. Mature embryos are then dried for a short period and placed on a germination medium. Plantlets are then gradually exposed to ambient light and humidity conditions, prior to transfer to a greenhouse. Operators need to be constantly monitoring the protocol and observant of all outcomes. These procedures also are mostly descriptive and need to be precisely followed to be successful. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Chemical and Photochemical Water Oxidation Mediated by an Efficient Single‐Site Ruthenium Catalyst
Authors: Abdel‐Magied Ahmed F. , Shatskiy Andrey , Liao Rong‐Zhen , Laine Tanja M. , Arafa Wael A. A. , Siegbahn Per E. M. , Kärkäs Markus D. , Åkermark Björn , Johnston Eric V. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWater oxidation is a fundamental step in artificial photosynthesis for solar fuels production. In this study, we report a single‐site Ru‐based water oxidation catalyst, housing a dicarboxylate‐benzimidazole ligand, that mediates both chemical and light‐driven oxidation of water efficiently under neutral conditions. The importance of the incorporation of the negatively charged ligand framework is manifested in the low redox potentials of the developed complex, which allows water oxidation to be driven by the mild one‐electron oxidant [Ru(bpy)3]3+ (bpy=2,2’‐bipyridine). Furthermore, combined experimental and DFT studies provide insight into the mechanistic details of the catalytic cycle.
Biocatalytic Reduction of HMF to 2,5‐Bis(hydroxymethyl)furan by HMF‐Tolerant Whole Cells
Authors: Li Yan‐Mei , Zhang Xue‐Ying , Li Ning , Xu Pei , Lou Wen‐Yong , Zong Min‐Hua 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCatalytic upgrading of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), an important biobased platform chemical for high‐value products, is currently of great interest. In this work, a new highly HMFtolerant yeast strain—Meyerozyma guilliermondii SC1103 was isolated, and biocatalytic reduction of HMF to 2,5‐bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF) using its resting cells was reported. Cosubstrates exerted a significant effect on the catalytic activity and selectivity of microbial cells as well as their HMF‐tolerant levels whereas the nitrogen source and mineral salts had no effects. In addition, M. guilliermondii SC1103 cells exhibited good catalytic performances within the range of pH 4.0–10.0. The yeast was highly tolerant to both HMF (up to 110 mm) and BHMF (up to 200 mm). In addition, 100 mm HMF could be selectively reduced to BHMF within 12 h by its resting cells in the presence of 100 mm glucose (as cosubstrate), with a yield of 86 % and selectivity of >99 %. The production of 191 mm of BHMF was realized within 24.5 h by using a fed‐batch strategy, with a productivity of approximately 24 g L−1 per day. In addition, this new biocatalytic approach was applied for the reduction of furfural and 5‐methylfurfural, affording the corresponding furfuryl alcohols with yields of 83 and 89 %, respectively.
Do different data analytic approaches generate discrepant findings when measuring mother–infant HPA axis attunement?
Authors: Bernard Nicola K. , Kashy Deborah A. , Levendosky Alytia A. , Bogat G. Anne , Lonstein Joseph S. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAttunement between mothers and infants in their hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis responsiveness to acute stressors is thought to benefit the child's emerging physiological and behavioral self‐regulation, as well as their socioemotional development. However, there is no universally accepted definition of attunement in the literature, which appears to have resulted in inconsistent statistical analyses for determining its presence or absence, and contributed to discrepant results. We used a series of data analytic approaches, some previously used in the attunement literature and others not, to evaluate the attunement between 182 women and their 1‐year‐old infants in their HPA axis responsivity to acute stress. Cortisol was measured in saliva samples taken from mothers and infants before and twice after a naturalistic laboratory stressor (infant arm restraint). The results of the data analytic approaches were mixed, with some analyses suggesting attunement while others did not. The strengths and weaknesses of each statistical approach are discussed, and an analysis using a cross‐lagged model that considered both time and interactions between mother and infant appeared the most appropriate. Greater consensus in the field about the conceptualization and analysis of physiological attunement would be valuable in order to advance our understanding of this phenomenon.
Improvement of the Adhesive Strength of the Leadframe and Epoxy Resin by Forming Organic Molecules–Metal Composite Interface
Authors: FURUNO RYOTA , TAKATUJI YOSHIYUKI , KUBO KIMIHIKO , HARUYAMA TETSUYA 
Published: December 2016

SUMMARYDelamination in semiconductor plastic package is a cause of reliability degradation. We have tried to improve the adhesion strength between leadframe and epoxy resin. In this study, organic molecules–metal (Cu) complex “EC tag (Cu)” were employed. It is immobilized on the leadframe surface as adhesion promoter to adhere with thermosetting epoxy resin. In the results, immobilized EC tag (Cu) act as adhesion promoter that shows greater adhesion between leadframe and epoxy resin. Also, the leadframe with adhesion promoter doesn't affect semiconductor assembly characteristics.