bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk of death from cardiovascular disease following breast cancer in Southeast Asia: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Gernaat S. A. M. , Ho P. J. , Rijnberg N. , Lee S. C. , Lim S. H. , Yap Y. S. , Grobbee D. E. , Hartman M. , Verkooijen H. M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBreast cancer incidence and survival is high in Southeast Asia. As such, many women diagnosed with breast cancer are at risk of dying of other causes. Given the increased risk of cardiotoxicity induced by breast cancer treatments, it is important to identify patients at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate if this risk varies by age and ethnicity. Patient details were obtained from 5,868 Chinese, Malay, and Indian women diagnosed with in situ or non-metastasized invasive breast cancer at the National University Hospital of Singapore and KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital in Singapore. Death causes were obtained from the National Registry of Births and Deaths. Flexible parametric survival models estimated CVD mortality rates and hazard ratios. During a median follow-up of six years, 1,010 deaths occurred of which 6.8% were due to CVD. CVD mortality rates of older women peaked within the first year following diagnosis and increased over time since diagnosis. Indian had more than double the risk of CVD mortality than Chinese, independent of age at diagnosis and stage. Taking ethnicity and age into account may promote CVD risk stratification and management in (Southeast Asian) women with breast cancer.
Gravimetric sensors operating at 1.1 GHz based on inclined c-axis ZnO grown on textured Al electrodes
Authors: Rughoobur Girish , DeMiguel-Ramos Mario , Escolano José-Miguel , Iborra Enrique , Flewitt Andrew John 
Published: April 2017

AbstractShear mode solidly mounted resonators (SMRs) are fabricated using an inclined c-axis ZnO grown on a rough Al electrode. The roughness of the Al surface is controlled by changing the substrate temperature during the deposition process to promote the growth of inclined ZnO microcrystals. The optimum substrate temperature to obtain homogeneously inclined c-axis grains in ZnO films is achieved by depositing Al at 100 °C with a surface roughness ~9.2 nm, which caused an inclination angle of ~25° of the ZnO c-axis with respect to the surface normal. Shear mode devices with quality-factors at resonance, Qr and effective electromechanical coupling factors, $${{\boldsymbol{k}}}_{{\bf{eff}}}^{{\bf{2}}}$$

k

eff

2

, as high as 180 and 3.4% are respectively measured. Mass sensitivities, Sm of (4.9 ± 0.1) kHz · cm2/ng and temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of ~−67 ppm/K are obtained using this shear mode. The performance of the devices as viscosity sensors and biosensors is demonstrated by determining the frequency shifts of water-ethanol mixtures and detection of Rabbit immunoglobin G (IgG) whole molecule (H&L) respectively.
Improved Analytical Sensitivity of Lateral Flow Assay using Sponge for HBV Nucleic Acid Detection
Authors: Tang Ruihua , Yang Hui , Gong Yan , Liu Zhi , Li XiuJun , Wen Ting , Qu ZhiGuo , Zhang Sufeng , Mei Qibing , Xu Feng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious public health problem, which can be transmitted through various routes (e.g., blood donation) and cause hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and liver cancer. Hence, it is necessary to do diagnostic screening for high-risk HBV patients in these transmission routes. Nowadays, protein-based technologies have been used for HBV testing, which however involve the issues of large sample volume, antibody instability and poor specificity. Nucleic acid hybridization-based lateral flow assay (LFA) holds great potential to address these limitations due to its low-cost, rapid, and simple features, but the poor analytical sensitivity of LFA restricts its application. In this study, we developed a low-cost, simple and easy-to-use method to improve analytical sensitivity by integrating sponge shunt into LFA to decrease the fluid flow rate. The thickness, length and hydrophobicity of the sponge shunt were sequentially optimized, and achieved 10-fold signal enhancement in nucleic acid testing of HBV as compared to the unmodified LFA. The enhancement was further confirmed by using HBV clinical samples, where we achieved the detection limit of 103 copies/ml as compared to 104 copies/ml in unmodified LFA. The improved LFA holds great potential for diseases diagnostics, food safety control and environment monitoring at point-of-care.
Forest cover mapping in post-Soviet Central Asia using multi-resolution remote sensing imagery
Authors: Yin He , Khamzina Asia , Pflugmacher Dirk , Martius Christopher 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDespite rapid advances and large-scale initiatives in forest mapping, reliable cross-border information about the status of forest resources in Central Asian countries is lacking. We produced consistent Central Asia forest cover (CAFC) maps based on a cost-efficient approach using multi-resolution satellite imagery from Landsat and MODIS during 2009–2011. The spectral-temporal metrics derived from 2009–2011 Landsat imagery (overall accuracy of 0.83) was used to predict sub-pixel forest cover on the MODIS scale for 2010. Accuracy assessment confirmed the validity of MODIS-based forest cover map with a normalized root-mean-square error of 0.63. A general paucity of forest resources in post-Soviet Central Asia was indicated, with 1.24% of the region covered by forest. In comparison to the CAFC map, a regional map derived from MODIS Vegetation Continuous Fields tended to underestimate forest cover, while the Global Forest Change product matched well. The Global Forest Resources Assessments, based on individual country reports, overestimated forest cover by 1.5 to 147 times, particularly in the more arid countries of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Multi-resolution imagery contributes to regionalized assessment of forest cover in the world’s drylands while developed CAFC maps (available at https://data.zef.de/) aim to facilitate decisions on biodiversity conservation and reforestation programs in Central Asia.
Omnidirectional zero-field ferromagnetic resonance driven by rotatable anisotropy in FeNi/FeMn bilayers without exchange bias
Authors: Wang Wenfeng , Chai Guozhi , Xue Desheng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this work, the zero- field GHz frequency permeability spectra and the rotatable anisotropy of FeMn/FeNi bilayers are investigated. Omnidirectional zero-field ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) driven by rotatable anisotropy can be achieved in the FeMn/FeNi bilayers without exchange bias. Instead of uniaxial anisotropy and exchange bias field, it is the rotatable anisotropy field that dominates in the unbiased bilayer, due to the absence of the exchange bias. The quantitative analysis of exchange bias field, uniaxial anisotropy and rotatable anisotropy is discussed by comparing the dynamical and static magnetic properties of FeNi single layer, biased and unbiased FeMn/FeNi bilayers.
LPS independent activation of the pro-inflammatory receptor Trem1 by C/EBPε in granulocytes
Authors: Suh Hyung C. , Benoukraf Touati , Shyamsunder Pavithra , Yin Tong , Cao Qi , Said Jonathan , Lee Stephen , Lim Ricky , Yang Henry , Salotti Jacqueline , Johnson Peter F. , Madan Vikas , Koeffler H. Phillip 
Published: April 2017

AbstractC/EBPε is a critical transcriptional factor for granulocyte differentiation and function. Individuals with germline mutations of C/EBPε fail to develop normal granulocytes and suffer from repeated infections. In order to gain a global view of the transcriptional machinery regulated by C/EBPε, we performed whole-genome ChIP-Seq using mouse bone marrow cells. To complement the C/EBPε DNA binding analyses, RNA-Sequencing was done in parallel using sorted mature and immature granulocytes from WT and C/EBPε KO bone marrow. This approach led to the identification of several direct targets of C/EBPε, which are potential effectors of its role in granulocytic differentiation and function. Interestingly, Trem1, a gene critical to granulocyte function, was identified as a direct C/EBPε target gene. Trem1 expression overlaps very closely with expression signature of C/EBPε during hematopoietic development. Luciferase reporter and EMSA assays revealed that C/EBPε binds to the regulatory elements of Trem1 and regulates its expression during granulocytic differentiation. In addition, we provide evidence that inflammatory stimuli (LPS) can also control the expression of Trem1 independent of C/EBPε. Overall, this study provides comprehensive profiling of the transcriptional network controlled by C/EBPε during granulopoiesis and identifies Trem1 as one of its downstream effectors involved in eliciting an immune response.
The peripheral blood proteome signature of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is distinct from normal and is associated with novel immunological processes
Authors: O’Dwyer David N. , Norman Katy C. , Xia Meng , Huang Yong , Gurczynski Stephen J. , Ashley Shanna L. , White Eric S. , Flaherty Kevin R. , Martinez Fernando J. , Murray Susan , Noth Imre , Arnold Kelly B. , Moore Bethany B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial pneumonia. The disease pathophysiology is poorly understood and the etiology remains unclear. Recent advances have generated new therapies and improved knowledge of the natural history of IPF. These gains have been brokered by advances in technology and improved insight into the role of various genes in mediating disease, but gene expression and protein levels do not always correlate. Thus, in this paper we apply a novel large scale high throughput aptamer approach to identify more than 1100 proteins in the peripheral blood of well-characterized IPF patients and normal volunteers. We use systems biology approaches to identify a unique IPF proteome signature and give insight into biological processes driving IPF. We found IPF plasma to be altered and enriched for proteins involved in defense response, wound healing and protein phosphorylation when compared to normal human plasma. Analysis also revealed a minimal protein signature that differentiated IPF patients from normal controls, which may allow for accurate diagnosis of IPF based on easily-accessible peripheral blood. This report introduces large scale unbiased protein discovery analysis to IPF and describes distinct biological processes that further inform disease biology.
Insecticide-induced leg loss does not eliminate biting and reproduction in Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes
Authors: Isaacs Alison T. , Lynd Amy , Donnelly Martin J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractRecent successes in malaria control have been largely attributable to the deployment of insecticide-based vector control tools such as bed nets and indoor residual spraying. Pyrethroid-treated bed nets are acutely neurotoxic to mosquitoes, inducing symptoms such as loss of coordination, paralysis, and violent spasms. One result of pyrethroid exposure often seen in laboratory tests is mosquito leg loss, a condition that has thus far been assumed to equate to mortality, as females are not expected to blood feed. However, whilst limb loss is unlikely to be adaptive, females with missing limbs may play a role in the propagation of both their species and pathogens. To test the hypothesis that leg loss inhibits mosquitoes from biting and reproducing, mosquitoes with one, two, or six legs were evaluated for their success in feeding upon a human. These experiments demonstrated that insecticide-induced leg loss had no significant effect upon blood feeding or egg laying success. We conclude that studies of pyrethroid efficacy should not discount mosquitoes that survive insecticide exposure with fewer than six legs, as they may still be capable of biting humans, reproducing, and contributing to malaria transmission.
Live cell imaging of mitochondria following targeted irradiation in situ reveals rapid and highly localized loss of membrane potential
Authors: Walsh Dietrich W. M. , Siebenwirth Christian , Greubel Christoph , Ilicic Katarina , Reindl Judith , Girst Stefanie , Muggiolu Giovanna , Simon Marina , Barberet Philippe , Seznec Hervé , Zischka Hans , Multhoff Gabriele , Schmid Thomas E. , Dollinger Guenther 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe reliance of all cell types on the mitochondrial function for survival makes mitochondria an interesting target when trying to understand their role in the cellular response to ionizing radiation. By harnessing highly focused carbon ions and protons using microbeams, we have performed in situ live cell imaging of the targeted irradiation of individual mitochondria stained with Tetramethyl rhodamine ethyl ester (TMRE), a cationic fluorophore which accumulates electrophoretically in polarized mitochondria. Targeted irradiation with both carbon ions and protons down to beam spots of <1 μm induced a near instant loss of mitochondrial TMRE fluorescence signal in the targeted area. The loss of TMRE after targeted irradiation represents a radiation induced change in mitochondrial membrane potential. This is the first time such mitochondrial responses have been documented in situ after targeted microbeam irradiation. The methods developed and the results obtained have the ability to shed new light on not just mitochondria’s response to radiation but to further elucidate a putative mechanism of radiation induced depolarization and mitochondrial response.
Performance of machine-learning scoring functions in structure-based virtual screening
Authors: Wójcikowski Maciej , Ballester Pedro J. , Siedlecki Pawel 
Published: April 2017

AbstractClassical scoring functions have reached a plateau in their performance in virtual screening and binding affinity prediction. Recently, machine-learning scoring functions trained on protein-ligand complexes have shown great promise in small tailored studies. They have also raised controversy, specifically concerning model overfitting and applicability to novel targets. Here we provide a new ready-to-use scoring function (RF-Score-VS) trained on 15 426 active and 893 897 inactive molecules docked to a set of 102 targets. We use the full DUD-E data sets along with three docking tools, five classical and three machine-learning scoring functions for model building and performance assessment. Our results show RF-Score-VS can substantially improve virtual screening performance: RF-Score-VS top 1% provides 55.6% hit rate, whereas that of Vina only 16.2% (for smaller percent the difference is even more encouraging: RF-Score-VS top 0.1% achieves 88.6% hit rate for 27.5% using Vina). In addition, RF-Score-VS provides much better prediction of measured binding affinity than Vina (Pearson correlation of 0.56 and −0.18, respectively). Lastly, we test RF-Score-VS on an independent test set from the DEKOIS benchmark and observed comparable results. We provide full data sets to facilitate further research in this area (http://github.com/oddt/rfscorevs) as well as ready-to-use RF-Score-VS (http://github.com/oddt/rfscorevs_binary).
Quantitative diagnosis of breast tumors by morphometric classification of microenvironmental myoepithelial cells using a machine learning approach
Authors: Yamamoto Yoichiro , Saito Akira , Tateishi Ayako , Shimojo Hisashi , Kanno Hiroyuki , Tsuchiya Shinichi , Ito Ken-ichi , Cosatto Eric , Graf Hans Peter , Moraleda Rodrigo R. , Eils Roland , Grabe Niels 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMachine learning systems have recently received increased attention for their broad applications in several fields. In this study, we show for the first time that histological types of breast tumors can be classified using subtle morphological differences of microenvironmental myoepithelial cell nuclei without any direct information about neoplastic tumor cells. We quantitatively measured 11661 nuclei on the four histological types: normal cases, usual ductal hyperplasia and low/high grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Using a machine learning system, we succeeded in classifying the four histological types with 90.9% accuracy. Electron microscopy observations suggested that the activity of typical myoepithelial cells in DCIS was lowered. Through these observations as well as meta-analytic database analyses, we developed a paracrine cross-talk-based biological mechanism of DCIS progressing to invasive cancer. Our observations support novel approaches in clinical computational diagnostics as well as in therapy development against progression.
Klf5 Mediates Odontoblastic Differentiation through Regulating Dentin-Specific Extracellular Matrix Gene Expression during Mouse Tooth Development
Authors: Chen Zhuo , Zhang Qi , Wang Han , Li Wentong , Wang Feng , Wan Chunyan , Deng Shuli , Chen Hui , Yin Yixin , Li Xiaoyan , Xie Zhijian , Chen Shuo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractKlf5, a member of the Krüppel-like transcription factor family, has essential roles during embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation, migration and apoptosis. This study was to define molecular mechanism of Klf5 during the odontoblastic differentiation. The expression of Klf5, odontoblast-differentiation markers, Dspp and Dmp1 was co-localized in odontoblastic cells at different stages of mouse tooth development and mouse dental papilla mesenchymal cells. Klf5 was able to promote odontoblastic differentiation and enhance mineral formation of mouse dental papilla mesenchymal cells. Furthermore, overexpression of Klf5 could up-regulate Dspp and Dmp1 gene expressions in mouse dental papilla mesenchymal cells. In silico analysis identified that several putative Klf5 binding sites in the promoter and first intron of Dmp1 and Dspp genes that are homologous across species lines. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that Klf5 bound to these motifs in vitro and in intact cells. The responsible regions of Dmp1 gene were located in the promoter region while effect of Klf5 on Dspp activity was in the first intron of Dspp gene. Our results identify Klf5 as an activator of Dmp1 and Dspp gene transcriptions by different mechanisms and demonstrate that Klf5 plays a pivotal role in odontoblast differentiation.
Depletion of adult neurogenesis using the chemotherapy drug temozolomide in mice induces behavioural and biological changes relevant to depression
Authors: Egeland M , Guinaudie C , Du Preez A , Musaelyan K , Zunszain P A , Fernandes C , Pariante C M , Thuret S 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNumerous studies have examined links between postnatal neurogenesis and depression using a range of experimental methods to deplete neurogenesis. The antimitotic drug temozolomide (TMZ) has previously been used successfully as an experimental tool in animals to deplete adult neurogenesis and is used regularly on human patients as a standard chemotherapy for brain cancer. In this study, we wanted to evaluate whether TMZ as a model for chemotherapy treatment could affect parameters related to depression in an animal model. Prevalence rates of depression in patients is thought to be highly underdiagnosed, with some studies reporting rates as high as 90%. Results from this study in mice, treated with a regimen of TMZ similar to humans, exhibited behavioural and biochemical changes that have relevance to the development of depression. In particular, behavioural results demonstrated robust deficits in processing novelty and a significant increase in the corticosterone response. Quantification of neurogenesis using a novel sectioning method, which clearly evaluates dorsal and ventral neurogenesis separately, showed a significant correlation between the level of ventral neurogenesis and the corticosterone response. Depression is a complex disorder with discoveries regarding its neurobiology and how it relates to behaviour being only in their infancy. The findings presented in this study demonstrate that chemotherapy-induced decreases in neurogenesis results in previously unreported behavioural and biochemical consequences. These results, we argue, are indicative of a biological mechanism, which may contribute to the development of depression in patients being treated with chemotherapy and is separate from the mental distress resulting from a cancer diagnosis.
A missense polymorphism in the putative pheromone receptor gene VN1R1 is associated with sociosexual behavior
Authors: Henningsson S , Hovey D , Vass K , Walum H , Sandnabba K , Santtila P , Jern P , Westberg L 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPheromones regulate social and reproductive behavior in most mammalian species. These effects are mediated by the vomeronasal and main olfactory systems. Effects of putative pheromones on human neuroendocrine activity, brain activity and attractiveness ratings suggest that humans may communicate via similar chemosignaling. Here we studied two samples of younger and older individuals, respectively, with respect to one nonsynonymous polymorphism in the gene encoding the human vomeronasal type-1 receptor 1, VN1R1, and one nonsynonymous polymorphism in the gene encoding the olfactory receptor OR7D4. Participants in both samples had self-reported their sociosexual behavior using the sociosexual orientation inventory, including questions regarding lifetime number of one-night stands, number of partners last year and expected number of partners the coming 5 years. In women, there was a significant association between the VN1R1 polymorphism and sociosexual behavior in both samples, driven specifically by the question regarding one-night stands. Our results support the hypothesis that human social interaction is modulated by communication via chemosignaling.
Modelling of non‐uniform lines using rational approximation and mode revealing transformation
Authors: Lima Antonio C.S. , Moura Rodolfo A.R. , Gustavsen Bjørn , Schroeder Marco A.O. 
Published: April 2017

The authors present a methodology to improve the rational modelling of non‐uniform lines (NuLs). First, they formulate a segmented chain matrix representation of the NuL, which is converted into a nodal admittance formulation with respect to the two line ends. The admittance matrix is fitted with rational functions while utilising the so‐called chain matrix in combination with a mode revealing transformation matrix, to improve the identification of poorly observable modes and poles. The procedure is demonstrated for a case of a very wide river crossing where the transmission towers are over 300 m high. The results compare favourably with the ones obtained using a numerical Laplace transform.
Microwave spectra inside the combustion chamber of a kraft recovery boiler – effects on communications
Authors: Korhonen Ilkka , Ahola Jero 
Published: April 2017

Microwave‐based measurement can provide new methods and practical solutions for the challenging task of measurement inside large industrial combustion chambers. In order to measure or communicate inside a combustion chamber using microwaves, the spectrum of background noise at microwave frequencies must be known. This study investigates the basic electromagnetic spectrum in flames, concentrating on microwave frequencies from 0.1 to 19 GHz. The study introduces, as reference values, known results from forest flames and flames in controlled environments. The focus of the work is the level of background noise at microwave frequencies and the impact of this noise on radio communication inside the combustion chamber. The effects of the microwave radiation levels are compared with the requirements of practical communication systems such as Bluetooth and narrowband ISM (industrial, scientific, medical) systems at 800–950 MHz.