bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factor assessment for acne vulgaris in human and implications for public health interventions in north central India: A survey based study
Authors: Dikshit Anupam , Qidwai Afifa , Pandey Manisha , Shukla Shashi Kant , Kumar Rajesh , Pandey Anand 
Published: May 2017

Background: Acne vulgaris is a very common dermatological problem of adolescence since the time immemorial. However, it is neither life threatening nor is a physical disability, but acne affects social and psychological functioning. Acne vulgaris is multifactorial, apart from basic factor of hormonal change and bacterial outbreak; there are several other factors that may influence the prevalence of acne.Methods: In the present study, populations were assessed for influence of various factors on acne prevalence. This cross-sectional study was a population based field study intending to discern the factors that influence the prevalence of acne in adolescents. The study carried out from April 2016 to October 2016 in north central India. For this survey, questionnaires were design to cover all the required information regarding occurrence of acne that include factors like gender, age, skin type, complexion, season of occurrence, dietary habit etc.Results: Acne vulgaris appears to be influenced by gender, age, seasonal variations, breakout area, complexion, skin types and dietary habits. Further, the influence of dietary habit on acne, by the consumption of dairy products or high-carbon diet has also been evaluated. Apart from depicting the vulnerable range of age (p=0.003288), sensitivity on various skin types (p=0.00039) and complexion (p=0.001355) on the basis of gender; This Field study on Acne Vulgaris, also reveals that the season has inordinate role in acne pervasiveness (p=0.115731).Conclusion: This study is helpful in categorizing the risk factors and evidencing the afflictions of acne in population thus, contributing health care planning. Keywords: Acne, Prevalence, Risk factors, Post management.
DEVELOPMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GASTRORETENTIVE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR RITONAVIR TABLETS USING NATURAL POLYMERS
Authors: Chukka Saritha 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study involves preparation and evaluation of floating tablets of ritonavir for improving the drug bioavailability by prolongation of gastric residence time.Ritonavir is an antiretroviral agent used in treatment of HIV and viral diseases has been taken as a model drug in the present investigation because of its low biological half life (3-5h). Moreover it is primarily absorbed from stomach. Materials and Methods: Ritonavir floating tablets were prepared by the dry granulation technique, using guar gum and xanthan gum as polymers, sodium bicarbonate as effervescent agent, PVP as binding agent, Di calcium phosphate as diluents, Crospovidone as swelling agent and magnesium stearate as lubricant. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various physico-chemical parameters. Results: Drug-excipient interaction studies were conducted by FTIR and DSC. The results suggested that there was no incompatibility between the drug and polymers. The prepared tablets were evaluated for their physical characteristics. All the parameters were within the pharmacopoeial limits. Further, tablets were also studied for their floating properties and in vitro drug release characteristics. The tablets exhibited controlled and prolonged drug release profiles. The developed formulation was found to be stable. Conclusion: The developed floating tablets of ritonavir exhibit prolonged release upto 12 h, and thus may improve bioavailability and minimize fluctuations in plasma drug concentrations. Key words: Ritonavir, floating tablets, gastric residence time, gastroretentive drug delivery system
Urinary Tract Infection: Prescribing Pattern of Antibiotics at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: L Panayappan 
Published: May 2017

Objectives: The purpose of Drug Utilization Review is to ensure drugs are used appropriately, safely and effectively to improve patient health status. The use of drugs in appropriate, safe and effective manner would decrease the treatment cost for the patients. Urinary Tract infection is most common and can lead to secondary infections. So continuous analysis of prescribing pattern in urinary tract infection is a vital one. To find out the various risk factors of urinary tract infection. To study the Prescribing pattern and rational use of Antibiotics in UTI Patients in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out in 100 patients in a tertiary care teaching hospital, by collecting patient data from the medical records of patients from General Medicine Department.Results: Analysis of prescribed drugs revealed that use of antibiotics like Ceftriaxone (35%) and Amikacin (22%) were significantly higher than other drugs prescribed such as Ciprofloxacin (16%), Nitrofurantoin (15%), Ofloxacin (5%), Cefixime (3%), Moxifloxacin (2%) and Clarithromycin (2%). Culture sensitivity test was done only in 30% of the total cases (100) for which empirical treatment had to be applied rather than specific antibiotic treatment. The most common isolated organisms were E.coli (60%),Proteus (20%), Klebsiella (13.33%) and Psedomonas (6.66%).Conclusion: Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides and Quinolones were the most commonly prescribed antibiotics in this study. Present findings together with previous ones are suggestive the need of periodic monitoring of antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the bacterial isolates to provide effective treatment.Keywords: Antibiotics, Prescription, Bacterial infection.
Comparative phytochemical analysis of Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees: Implications on attenuation of pro-oxidants and pathogen virulence in Caenorhabditis elegans model system
Authors: Suchiang Kitlangki , Kayde Nitasha H 
Published: May 2017

Background: Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus Nees (P. thyrsiflorus) of Acanthaceae family is endogenous to sub-tropical Himalayas. It has been reported to be used traditionally in Jaintia tribe of Meghalaya, India for treatment of many ailments.Objectives: The aim was to detect the active compounds present in the leaves for evaluation of in vitro free radicals scavenging potentials. Leaves protective actions in vivo will be investigated using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) model system utilizing wild type and mutant strains and the phenomena of host-pathogens interactions.Materials and methods: Gas chromatography/ Mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for detection of different compounds present. The versatility of leaf extracts to scavenge different free radicals generated in vitro was assessed with different in vitro methods. Survival analysis of wild type and mutant strains C. elegans under enhanced pro-oxidants exposure was investigated in vivo. Fast killing assay was also performed to study the extracts modulatory activity on host C. elegans survival under pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.Results: Forty compounds were detected in methanolic fraction of the extract with variable percentages. Both aqueous and methanol extract possessed remarkable, versatile free radical scavenging activity irrespective of the types of free radical generated. The in vivo experiments are in compliance, with observable increased survival ability percentage of C. elegans under intense exogenous oxidative stress and pathogen infection.Conclusion: Our findings enlightened the different compounds present with versatility of P. thyrsiflorus in tackling different free radicals generated both in vitro and in vivo that highly support for its candidature as a good antioxidant source. Our findings may justify the historical relevance of this plant in herbal remedies that could form the basis for inquiry of new active principles.Keywords: Free radicals, Oxidative stress, Caenorhabditis elegans, Phlogacanthus thyrsiflorus, Phytochemicals
“In Silico Metabolic Pathway Analysis and Docking Analysis of Treponema Pallidum Subs. Pallidum Nichols for Potential Drug Targets”
Authors: Mahendran Radha 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT Objective: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the spirochaete, Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum nichols. In this study, a comparative metabolic pathway analysis and molecular docking was performed to identify putative drug targets.Methods: The biochemical pathways of Treponema pallidum subs. pallidum nichols and Homo sapiens were compared using KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway. The amino acid sequence of the selected enzymes were retrieved and Blastp was performed. Out of 9 enzymes, enolase was modeled using ModWeb and the structure was validated using RAMPAGE. The active sites were identified using Metapocket 2.0 and further docked using AutoDock 4.2.Results: The enzymes which were not similar to that of Homo sapiens were filtered out as potential drug targets. A total of 9 enzymes were retrieved which were present only in the Treponema pallidum subs. pallidum nichols. The structure obtained from Homology modeling was validated and further active sites were predicted. The docking analysis results showed the interaction between enolase and doxycycline and the structures were obtained using PyMol.Conclusion: Through this study, doxycycline which has antibacterial effect and a derivative of tetracycline could be one of the potential ligands. Keywords: Syphilis, Treponema pallidum, KEGG, Blastp, metabolic pathway, Homology Modeling, DockingREVIEWERSProf.G.SHOBA,Bioinformatics Department Dr.M.G.R Janaki College of Arts and Science for Women University of Madras Shobabio08@gmail.com Phone: 9094009791 2. Prof .VINOTH,Biotechnology & Bioinformatics DepartmentHindustan University,Kelambakkam, Chennai-603103 vinobioinfo@gmail.com Phone - + 91 97895 95766
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF METAL NANOPARTICLES SYNTHESIZED FROM HIBISCUS ROSA SINESIS AND THEIR ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY ESTIMATION AGAINST NINE PATHOGENIC BACTERIA
Authors: Tyagi Shruti 
Published: May 2017

Objective: This study demonstates a simple, cost effective protocol for biosynthesis of stable silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles from Hibiscus Rosa sinesis and their comparison by applying antibacterial activities against nine pathogenic bacterial species.Methods: Silver (Ag) and gold (Au) nanoparticles were biosynthesized from Hibiscus Rosa sinesis were characterized by UV–VIS spectroscopy, FTIR and TEM. The antibacterial activities of AgNPs and AuNPs were evaluated against 9 pathogenic bacterial species Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Bacillus subtilis Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterobacter aerogens, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Aeromonas hydrophila by the agar disc diffusion method.Results: Synthesized AgNPs were obtained in 13.01 to 28.14 nm size range, while AuNPs were in 6.32 to 18.19 nm size range. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra indicates that the AuNPs are bound to amine groups and the AgNPs to carboxylate ion groups. The antibacterial activities of AgNPs, the zone of inhibition significantly increased with the increases of concentrations of AgNPs in all pathogenic bacterial species except in the case of S. epidermidis at 50%, S. aerogenes and A. hydrophila at 70%, while in case of AuNPs antibacterial activity was displayed only against B. subtilis at 20% and 100% concentration.Conclusion: This study suggests that AgNPs exhibits outstanding antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria as compared to AuNPs synthesized from Hibiscus Rosa sinensis leaf extract and insights to their potential applicability as an alternative antibacterial agent in microbial and human health system to reduce the resistance ability of pathogenic bacteria. Keywords: silver nanoparticles; gold nanoparticles; UV–VIS spectroscopy; FTIR; TEM; antibacterial activities.
IMPACT OF PATIENT COUNSELLING ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, PRACTICES OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DM AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Authors: George Ajin K , V.g Jewel , Manohar Meenu , Kumar Sarath P , J Muneerudeen 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of counselling in terms of KAP outcomes.MethodologyA randomized prospective controlled study was conducted for a period of 6 months in the General Medicine OPD of SSIMS & RC. Patients enrolled were randomized into test and control groups. Suitably designed and validated KAP Questionnaire was applied at baseline and final follow up for both groups. Results At the end of the study, knowledge and attitude levels were markedly improved in test group patients. The FBS of the patients in the test group were found to be significant (p<0.00) when compared from baseline to second assessement whereas in control group no significant changes were observed (*p> 0.05).ConclusionThe study concluded that the improved knowledge and attitude clearly indicates the benefits of pharmacist provided counselling, although they did not translate into improved practice outcomes. The study observed that, hospital pharmacists can play a key role in management of DM and patient care.KEYWORDS: KAP, Patient counselling, Type 2 DM.
Evaluación del crecimiento de cuatro especies del género Bacillus sp., primer paso para entender su efecto biocontrolador sobre Fusarium sp.
Authors: Castañeda Alvarez Estefania , Sánchez Ligia Consuelo 
Published: May 2017

Evaluar las condiciones de crecimiento de cuatro especies de Bacillus sp. nativas a escala de 10ml en Medio Mínimo de Sales (MMS) como primer paso para entender su acción biocontroladora contra Fusarium sp. Métodos. El procedimiento para evaluar el crecimiento de los aislamientos UCMC-TB1, UCMC-TB2, UCMC-TB3 y UCMC-TB4 se realizó utilizando espectrofotometría y recuento directo en placa y pruebas de antagonismo dual en placa para evaluar el efecto controlador contra Fusarium sp. Resultados. Se confirmó la identificación por pruebas bioquímicas de los cuatro aislamientos: Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus pumilus y Bacillus cereus; todas las cepas presentaron antagonismo in vitro. El Bacillus subtilis fue la especie que demostró mayor capacidad antagónica (79,73%PICR) y las características más destacadas de esta cepa fueron su velocidad de crecimiento. El género Bacillus es uno de los más reportados para usar en el control biológico de hongos como Fusarium sp. el cual ataca un gran número de cultivos de interés económico para el sector agrícola en Colombia.
La Molécula de la Vida en su Dimensión Hipercompleja: Diálogo entre saberes de sistemas complejos e hipercomplejos
Authors: Ostos Ortiz MSC Olga Lucia 
Published: May 2017

Los procesos sociales son comportamientos propios de los seres vivos, sistemas complejos en su dimensión hipercompleja, es decir, en un nivel alcanzado por la vida al desplegar conciencia y ser capaz de representarse y explicar su existencia y la de los otros sistemas, sin negar la herencia de sus comportamientos biológicos pero matizados por los nuevos de la conciencia.La lectura del texto que se plantea considera que las condiciones iniciales, fundacionales, de cualquier sistema se hacen presentes en cada generación desde su origen y en las conductas de los mismos individuos. De la misma forma, existe un poder biológico pasivo propio de los seres biológicos o complejos, y un poder social activo hipercomplejo (político), poder que a través de la ciencia incide en lo biológico, cambiando los comportamientos heredados por los producidos por la conciencia y cuyos impactos no alcanzamos a dimensionar pero no dejan de ser producto de un ser biológico.El fin de este texto es actualizar la discusión entre azar y necesidad, entre la continuidad y la ruptura en el despliegue de los sistemas y busca aportar al diálogo entre saberes de sistemas complejos e hipercomplejos.
Management of Dysgeusia related to Cancer
Authors: MUNANKARMI DURGESHWORI 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: Taste change due to cancer is a notorious side effect, adversely affecting appetite and weight. Even though taste change or dysgeusia is one of the major causes of poor nutritional status in cancer survivors, it is not addressed as a significant problem and is often left untreated. The main purpose of this review is to explore current knowledge of pharmacological and behavioral interventions for the treatment of cancer related taste change.
Methods: This systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines to identify original articles on taste change. Multiple databases including; Scopus, Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and all databases via Pro quest were searched for original articles or studies related to taste change caused by cancer or its treatment. Relevant articles were subjected to a full text evaluation and assessed by Critical appraisal skills program (CASP) guidelines and the Effective public health practice project (EPHPP) instrument.
Results: The search revealed 12 eligible studies, six of which were randomized controlled trials. Most of the studies used a standardized validated tool to measure taste change. Dysgeusia is common in cancer, 14 to 100% cancer patient report it. Pharmacological management with zinc remains inconclusive as one study reports it as beneficial and two other studies reported null effect. Few studies suggested dietary modifications such as use of sugary, salty foods that are helpful to reduce the effect of dysgeusia.
Conclusion: Dietary counseling and informing the patient well about self-care strategies before treatment has consistently shown positive results on taste change, with strong statistical power. Other potential treatments for dysgeusia such as zinc, amifostine, and megestrol acetate gave inconsistent results.
LIANGAN SITE Data Variability, Chronology, and Spatial Aspect
Authors: Riyanto Sugeng 
Published: May 2017

The extensive early Mataram period (6 th to 10 th centuries A.D.) site of Liangan located on the slopes of the Sindoro volcano in Temanggung Regency has been under an ongoing long term research project by the Yogyakarta Archaeological Centre since 2009. This project will continue from 2015 until 2019. The first term of excavations has disclosed numerous important data relating to the age, extent and nature of the site as well as former environmental, geological and environmental data. Spatial aspects of this important Ancient Mataram site which covers an area of more than 5 hectares relate to former residential, sacral and agricultural activities. Well-preserved carbonized organic remains are an important feature of the site that reflect both agricultural and dietary features suggesting the impact of a volcanic eruption.
VIHARA AND PLURALISM IN ANCIENT JAVA, 8 TH – 11 TH AD. (Study on Inscriptions)
Authors: Mochtar Agni Sesaria 
Published: May 2017

The era of reformation in Indonesia was supposedly articulated with the pluralism of the society. Sadly, many cases regarding religious and ethnic conflicts pronounced the opposite, whereas pluralism and religious tolerance were two of the main characters of the nation since the days of the ancestors. The legacy of those two characters is actually able to be observed through cultural heritage, as a messenger from the past. This study examines one aspect of the practice of religious tolerance, which recorded in the ancient inscriptions from 8th to 11th AD., which selected through purposive sampling procedure. The aforementioned aspect was regarding theimportant role of ancient vihāra as a symbol of religious tolerance in society. Such role was the impact of its functions, which are different with today’s modern function. This information on the function and role of the vihāra in ancient Java is provided to support modern Indonesian society to understand their material cultural heritage.
Ruwatan Tradition: Bersih Desa, Local Wisdom of Disaster Mitigation
Authors: Lelono T.M. Hari 
Published: May 2017

Tradition worship of ancestral spirits in Tengger occur along with the megalithic culture that is widespread in Indonesia, around 500 BC - 500 AD. Physical culture can be seen the remains of objects such as menhirs, and terraces devoted to the concept of ancestral spirit worship followed by a tradition in the community concerned. Megalithic tradition for a group of tribes, is devoted to theworship of ancestral spirits as ruler of protecting and giving life. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to determine the Tengger local wisdom in maintaining natural ecosystems by humans, through a tradition that has lasted for generations can overcome the problem of frequent disasters. Efforts are being made in the search for the data to answer these goals, used the method of approach byconducting interviews and observations of one tradition that held that ceremony mayu desa / ruwatan. The ceremony is conducted once a year, but in year five held over the highway at the expense of a buffalo or cow. From the results of these interviews, the data obtained with regard to the meaning, function and purpose of the ceremony mayu desa / ruwatan, related to disaster mitigation issues.
SITUS DORO BENTE PADA BEKAS KERUCUT SINDER PETI-TABEH: KORIDOR BARU PENELUSURAN JEJAK KERAJAAN YANG HILANG
Authors: Haribuana I Putu Yuda 
Published: May 2017

Research in the area of Tambora has been done in several stages, but still not enough to identify the center of the kingdoms were buried. The purpose of this research was to obtain the latest data outside the site but still within the region of Mount Tambora. Doro Bente site located in Sori Tatanga Village, Pekat District, Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. The data obtained through survey and excavation, then analyzed by special, contextual, and comparative methods. There is a traditional stronghold and also a variety of artifacts at this site. This suggests that the remains of Doro Tabeh cinder cone was once used as a refuge and temporary settlement. Penelitian di kawasan Tambora telah dilakukan dalam beberapa tahap, namun belum cukup untuk mengidentifikasi pusat kerajaan yang terkubur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data terbaru di luar situs Tambora, tetapi masih di dalam kawasan Gunung Tambora. Situs Doro Bente terletak di Desa Sori Tatanga, Kecamatan Pekat, Kabupaten Dompu, Nusa Tenggara Barat. Data didapatkan melalui survei dan ekskavasi, kemudian dianalisis dengan metode khusus, kontekstual, dan komparatif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat benteng tradisional dan ditemukan juga berbagai artefak di situs ini. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa bekas kerucut sinder Doro Tabeh pernah dijadikan sebagai tempat berlindung dan bermukim sementara.