bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Furfural production from birch hemicelluloses by two-step processing: a potential technology for biorefineries
Authors: Rivas Sandra , Vila Carlos , Santos Valentín , Parajó Juan Carlos 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBirch samples were subjected to non-isothermal autohydrolysis to obtain a solution of hemicellulosic saccharides and a solid phase mainly made up of cellulose and lignin. Based on kinetic modeling, operational conditions were identified which give rise to soluble saccharides and furfural derived from xylan in a yield of 80.5%. The soluble mixture was supplemented with 1% sulfuric acid and heated (directly or in the presence of methyl isobutyl ketone, MIBK) for furfural production. MIBK is used as an extraction agent to limit furfural consumption by side reactions. Operating in single phase at 170°C, up to 44.8% of the potential substrates were converted into furfural. In experiments performed in biphasic media, the effects of MIBK were assessed by empirical modeling and about 75% of the potential substrates were converted under selected conditions.
Mechanisms of mitophagy: putting the powerhouse into the doghouse
Authors: Riley Joel S. , Tait Stephen W.G. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Since entering our cells in an endosymbiotic event one billion years ago, mitochondria have shaped roles for themselves in metabolism, inflammation, calcium storage, migration, and cell death. Given this critical role in cellular homeostasis it is essential that they function correctly. Equally critical is the ability of a cell to remove damaged or superfluous mitochondria to avoid potential deleterious effects. In this review we will discuss the various mechanisms of mitochondrial clearance, with a particular focus on Parkin/PINK1-mediated mitophagy, discuss the impact of altered mitophagy in ageing and disease, and finally consider potential therapeutic benefits of targeting mitophagy.
Thermodynamic Model Formulations for Inhomogeneous Solids with Application to Non-isothermal Phase Field Modelling
Authors: Gladkov Svyatoslav , Kochmann Julian , Reese Stefanie , Hütter Markus , Svendsen Bob 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The purpose of the current work is the comparison of thermodynamic model formulations for chemically and structurally inhomogeneous solids at finite deformation based on “standard” non-equilibrium thermodynamics [SNET: e. g. S. de Groot and P. Mazur, Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics, North Holland, 1962] and the general equation for non-equilibrium reversible–irreversible coupling (GENERIC) [H. C. Öttinger, Beyond Equilibrium Thermodynamics, Wiley Interscience, 2005]. In the process, non-isothermal generalizations of standard isothermal conservative [e. g. J. W. Cahn and J. E. Hilliard, Free energy of a non-uniform system. I. Interfacial energy. J. Chem. Phys. 28 (1958), 258–267] and non-conservative [e. g. S. M. Allen and J. W. Cahn, A macroscopic theory for antiphase boundary motion and its application to antiphase domain coarsening. Acta Metall. 27 (1979), 1085–1095; A. G. Khachaturyan, Theory of Structural Transformations in Solids, Wiley, New York, 1983] diffuse interface or “phase-field” models [e. g. P. C. Hohenberg and B. I. Halperin, Theory of dynamic critical phenomena, Rev. Modern Phys. 49 (1977), 435–479; N. Provatas and K. Elder, Phase Field Methods in Material Science and Engineering, Wiley-VCH, 2010.] for solids are obtained. The current treatment is consistent with, and includes, previous works [e. g. O. Penrose and P. C. Fife, Thermodynamically consistent models of phase-field type for the kinetics of phase transitions, Phys. D 43 (1990), 44–62; O. Penrose and P. C. Fife, On the relation between the standard phase-field model and a “thermodynamically consistent” phase-field model. Phys. D 69 (1993), 107–113] on non-isothermal systems as a special case. In the context of no-flux boundary conditions, the SNET- and GENERIC-based approaches are shown to be completely consistent with each other and result in equivalent temperature evolution relations.
Successful treatment of epilepsia partialis continua due to Rassmussen encephalitis with perampanel
Authors: Göde Katja , Grossmann Annette , Rösche Johannes 
Published: April 2016

Summary
Background. Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a difficult to treat condition, which tends to be refractory to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). We previously published two other treatment episodes of EPC due to stroke and vascular dementia with a possible effect of perampanel (PER).
Aim. With the publication of a third treatment episode of EPC terminated by the administration of PER we would like to suggest that PER may be an effective treatment option in this condition.
Material and Methods. We present a case where PER was the last AED introduced in the treatment of a patient with EPC and individual seizures due to Rasmussen encephalitis before his seizure frequency could be reduced significantly.
Results. A 44 years old male patient, who had been on a combination therapy of at least 4 AEDs since the age of 24, was admitted to our hospital presenting with an EPC. After the introduction of PER in the therapy EPC stopped and he remained seizure free for more than a year. Two of his other AEDs could be tapered of.
Conclusion. PER might be especially effective in EPC.
NLRP3 and CARD8 Polymorphisms Influence Higher Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Jenko Barbara , Praprotnik Sonja , Tomšić Matija , Dolžan Vita 
Published: April 2016

Summary
Background: The activation of NLRP3-inflammasome may contribute to inflammatory processes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Functional polymorphisms in the genes coding for its components NLRP3 and CARD8 were associated with a proinflammatory phenotype. Our aim was to investigate the influence of these polymorphisms on RA susceptibility and disease activity at the time of diagnosis and after six months of treatment.
Methods: A group of 128 RA patients treated with methotrexate and 122 healthy controls were genotyped for NLRP3 rs35829419 (p. Q705K) and CARD8 rs2043211 (p. C10X) polymorphisms.
Results: RA susceptibility was not influenced by the investigated polymorphisms or their interaction. The investigated polymorphisms explained 8% of variability in DAS28 at the time of diagnosis. Carriers of NLRP3 rs35829419 or CARD8 rs2043211 polymorphisms had significantly higher DAS28 at the time of diagnosis (p=0.003; p=0.022; respectively). Polymorphic CARD8 rs2043211 TT genotype was also associated with higher DAS28 after six months of treatment (p=0.033).
Conclusions: Genetic variability of inflammasome components may contribute to higher disease activity at the time of diagnosis and after 6 months of methotrexate treatment in RA patients. Better understanding of the immunological mechanisms behind a more active course of RA may suggest novel treatment approaches in a subset of patients with a proinflammatory phenotype.
The role of licenses in public utility services provision – 19th century experiences
Authors: Adamczyk Elżbieta 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The subject of this article is a part of a broader debate related to the participation of the private sector in the execution of public services. It concerns those services which are provided to recipients in the conditions of a natural monopoly, based on a license (so with the privilege of exclusivity) awarded to private companies for executing the state’s tasks. This paper aims at outlining the reasons behind the implementation of similar solutions and the problems related to entrusting the private party with satisfying public needs – problems which revealed a conflict of interest between the parties of the licensing contract.
The female privilege. On celebrating International Women’s Day in state enterprises in the Polish People’s Republic
Authors: Kosztowna Natalia 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The article discusses the subject of celebrating International Women’s Day in the Polish People’s Republic (1952-1989). The author aims at showing the importance of this day in the public space – specifically in state enterprises. The article mainly attempts to assess whether those celebrations were inspired by the communist authorities and used to achieve some short- and long-term social goals, or if they allowed to establish or re-establish some kind of trust for the party in power. Empirical data are used to illustrate the phenomenon.
The author points out that in the period of the Polish People’s Republic, there existed a certain privilege of being a women. This was evidenced by the prestige that the authorities of the time assigned to the celebration of Women’s Day and the fact that Men’s Day was not celebrated, or at least was much more marginal.
Painless Multidermatomal Herpes Zoster in an Immunocompetent Elderly Male: a Case Report
Authors: Ganjoo Shikhar , Sawhney Mohinder Pal Singh , Chawla Dikshak 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The varicella-zoster virus is the cause of both varicella and herpes zoster. The primary infection of varicella includes viremia and a widespread eruption, after which the virus persists in nerve ganglion cells, usually sensory. Herpes zoster is the result of reactivation of this residual latent virus. The first manifestation of zoster is usually pain, which may be severe and accompanied by fever, headache, malaise and tenderness localized to one or more nerve roots. The lymph nodes draining the affected area are enlarged and tender. Occasionally, the pain is not followed by eruption (zoster sine herpete).
We hereby report an 85-year-old otherwise healthy male patient with a 3-day history of a non-painful rash on the left side of abdomen, pubic and penile regions, left groin and the left leg. He denied any pain and/or abnormal sensations before the rash onset. On examination, there were closely grouped multiple vesicles over the anterior left abdominal wall, left groin, thigh, knee and left upper quarter of penis, involving the left T12, L1-L4 and S2 dermatomes. The patient reported no pain, fever, rigor or any other symptoms; he had no associated cervical, axillary or inguinal lymphadenopathy. He denied any abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, any weakness or sensory changes in the limbs. There was no history of penile numbness, urinary retention, and increased frequency of micturition or constipation. The varicella-zoster virus serology test performed by Calbiotech VZV IgG ELISA Kit (Calbiotech, Spring Valley, Canada) was strongly positive. The human immunodeficiency virus serology test, as well as herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 serology tests performed by ELISA were all negative. The Tzanck smear, stained with Giemsa, demonstrated multinucleated giant cells. The patient responded well to valacyclovir with complete clearance of lesions within one week.
An extensive PubMed search revealed only few reports of painless herpes zoster.
We present a rather peculiar case of painless herpes zoster in an elderly patient with no apparent systemic immunosuppression, with severe involvement affecting multiple adjacent and one remote dermatome. We hereby propose the term ”herpes zoster sine algesia” in cases where eruption is not followed by pain.
Pityriasis Rubra Pilaris: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Paravina Mirjana , Ljubenović Milanka , Binić Ivana , Milosavljević Mirjana , Stanojević Milenko , Nikolić Ljiljana 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Pityriasis rubra pilaris (PRP) is an idiopathic inflammatory hyperproliferative chronic dermatosis characterized by: perifollicular coalescing papules with central keratotic acuminate plugs gradually submerged in sheets of erythema; perifollicular erythema with islands of unaffected skin; palmoplantar keratoderma; diffuse desquamation which typically spreads from the head down to the feet. The cause of the condition is unknown, but possible etiological factors include: vitamin A deficiency, trauma, infections, autoimmune mechanisms, and malignancies. Taking into account different age of onset, clinical course, morphology and prognosis, there are six different types of the disease: two in adults (classical and atypical); three in children (classical, circumscribed and atypical); one in individuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
This paper presents two male patients with clinical symptoms of classical PRP, 53 and 69 years of age at the onset of the disease, with rapid generalized involvement, typical erythematous perifollicular papules, islands of unaffected skin, palmoplantar hyperkeratosis with a waxy appearance and nail changes. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings and histopathologic analysis. Apart from topical therapy with emollients, corticosteroids and keratolytics, they received systemic retinoids and corticosteroids, which resulted in improvement of skin lesions.
It is extremely important to consider the possible triggering factors, establish the diagnosis as soon as possible and begin proper treatment.
Creation of Tenancy in Public Housing
Authors: Swannie Bill 
Published: April 2016

People living in public housing who are not named on the tenancy agreement can be summarily evicted when the tenancy agreement comes to an end, for example by the death of the tenant. The Residential Tenancies Act 1997 (Vic) allows such people to apply to the Victorian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (VCAT) for an order that they be made a tenant at the premises. However VCAT has consistently refused such applications, giving much weight to the ‘orderly administration’ of the public housing waiting list, rather than the human rights of the person being evicted from their home. The enactment of the Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities Act 2006 (Vic), which includes the right to home and the right to protection of the family unit, has forced VCAT to consider the human rights involved in applications for creation of a tenancy agreement.
An unusual phenotype of MEN1 syndrome with a SI-NEN associated with a deletion of the MEN1 gene
Authors: Manoharan Jerena , Lopez Caroline L , Hackmann Karl , Albers Max B , Pehl Anika , Kann Peter H , Slater Emily P , Schröck Evelin , Bartsch Detlef K 
Published: April 2016

Summary
We report about a young female who developed an unusual and an aggressive phenotype of the MEN1 syndrome characterized by the development of a pHPT, malignant non-functioning pancreatic and duodenal neuroendocrine neoplasias, a pituitary adenoma, a non-functioning adrenal adenoma and also a malignant jejunal NET at the age of 37 years. Initial Sanger sequencing could not detect a germline mutation of the MEN1 gene, but next generation sequencing and MPLA revealed a deletion of the MEN1 gene ranging between 7.6 and 25.9 kb. Small intestine neuroendocrine neoplasias (SI-NENs) are currently not considered to be a part of the phenotype of the MEN1-syndrome. In our patient the SI-NENs were detected during follow-up imaging on Ga68-Dotatoc PET/CT and could be completely resected. Although SI-NENs are extremely rare, these tumors should also be considered in MEN1 patients. Whether an aggressive phenotype or the occurrence of SI-NENs in MEN1 are more likely associated with large deletions of the gene warrants further investigation.

Learning points

Our patient presents an extraordinary course of disease.

Although SI-NENs are extremely rare, these tumors should also be considered in MEN1 patients, besides the typical MEN1 associated tumors.

This case reports indicate that in some cases conventional mutation analysis of MEN1 patients should be supplemented by the search for larger gene deletions with modern techniques, if no germline mutation could be identified by Sanger sequencing.
Chaos and bifurcations in chaotic maps with parameter q: Numerical and analytical studies
Authors: Zhang Hao , Wang Xing Yuan Yuan , Lin Xiao Hui Hui 
Published: April 2016

In this paper, a class of chaotic maps with parameter q are introduced and bifurcations and chaos in proposed maps are numerical and analytical studied. Euler method is employed to get the continuous systems corresponding to chaotic maps and the fractional styles in Caputo's definition. Based on that, we finally infer a class of chaotic maps with the Adams–Bashforth–Moulton predictor-corrector method. In the simulation and analysis, we discuss the Logistic map with q and Hénon map with q, observe the route from period to chaos and do tests to analyze properties of maps with parameter q.
Best proximity points for p-summing cyclic orbital Meir–Keeler contractions
Authors: Zlatanov Boyan 
Published: April 2016

We generalize the cyclic orbital Meir–Keeler contractions, which were introduced by S. Karpagam and S. Agrawal in the context of p-summing maps. We found sufficient conditions for these new type of maps, that ensure the existence and uniqueness of fixed points in complete metric spaces, when the distances between the sets are zero, and the existence and uniqueness of best proximity points in uniformly convex Banach spaces.
Invariant analysis and explicit solutions of the time fractional nonlinear perturbed Burgers equation
Authors: Wang Gangwei , Xu Tianzhou 
Published: April 2016

The Lie group analysis method is performed for the nonlinear perturbed Burgers equation and the time fractional nonlinear perturbed Burgers equation. All of the point symmetries of the equations are constructed. In view of the point symmetries, the vector fields of the equations are constructed. Subsequently, the symmetry reductions are investigated. In particular, some novel exact and explicit solutions are obtained.
Boundary value problem with integral condition for a Blasius type equation
Authors: Smirnov Sergey 
Published: April 2016

The steady motion in the boundary layer along a thin flat plate, which is immersed at zero incidence in a uniform stream with constant velocity, can be described in terms of the solution of the differential equation x'''= -xx'', which satisfies the boundary conditionsx(0) = x'(0) = 0, x'(∞) = 1. The author investigates the generalized boundary value problem consisting of the nonlinear third-order differential equation x''' = -trx|x|q-1x'' subject to the integral boundary conditions x(0) = x'(0) = 0, x'(∞) = λ∫0ξx(s) ds, where 0 < ξ < +∞ is a fixed number and λ > 0 is a parameter. Results on the existence and uniqueness of solutions to boundary value problem are established. An illustrative example is provided.
On the optimality of some multi-point methods for finding multiple roots of nonlinear equation
Authors: Ralević Nebojša M. M. , Ćebić Dejan 
Published: April 2016

This paper deals with the problem of determining the multiple roots of nonlinear equations, where the multiplicity of the roots is known. The paper contains some remarks on the optimality of the recently published methods [B. Liu, X. Zhou, A new family of fourth-order methods for multiple roots of nonlinear equations, Nonlinear Anal. Model. Control, 18(2):143–152, 2013] and [X. Zhou, X. Chen, Y. Song, Families of third- and fourth-order methods for multiple roots of nonlinear equations, Appl. Math. Comput., 219(11):6030–6038, 2013]. Separate analysis of odd and even multiplicity, has shown the cases where those methods lose their optimal convergence properties. Numerical experiments are made and they support theoretical analysis.
Husserlio fenomenologija ir praktinis protas
Authors: Laurukhin Andrei 
Published: April 2016

Straipsnyje analizuojama ankstyvoji Husserlio veiksmo teorija ir dvi jos formos – mokslo etika ir vertybių teorija bei valios fenomenologija. Autorius sutelkia dėmesį į dvi problemas: logikos ir etikos paralelizmo klausimą bei klausimą, kiek Husserlio etinių problemų ir praktinio proto idėjos plėtotė yra nepriklausoma nuo transcendentalinės fenomenologijos koncepcijos ir metodologinių prielaidų, arba atvirkščiai – kiek ji nuo tų prielaidų yra priklausoma.
Floral sexual differentiation in Catasetum fimbriatum (Catasetinae, Orchidaceae) exposed to different light intensities
Authors: Pedroso-de-Moraes Cristiano , De Souza-Leal Thiago , Saoncella Alinne L. , De Almeida Marcílio 
Published: April 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>To elucidate the factors which control the flower phenotypic plasticity of </span><span>Catasetum fimbriatum</span><span>, </span><span>studies focusing the floral development of the species were performed. The treatments were: high light intensity (1613 μmol.m</span><span>-2</span><span>.s</span><span>-1</span><span>); low light intensity (454 μmol.m</span><span>-2</span><span>.s</span><span>-1</span><span>) and mean light intensity (827 μmol.m</span><span>-2</span><span>.s</span><span>-1</span><span>). The floral </span><span>morphology and anatomy were analyzed to evaluate of the sequence of tissue development involved in the sexual differentiation. We found the presence of cell cluster with meristematic features in the ovaries and gynostemium </span><span>of the male and female diclinous flowers. These are responsible for the definition of the sexual expression of the </span><span>species, in the dependence of the environmental stimulus, related to the endogenous concentration of ethylene, allowing, consequently, the dedifferentiation and re-differentiation of those clusters in the sexual determination </span><span>of the flowers. There were no anatomical differences in floral tissues in different treatments. </span></p></div></div></div>
Die Werteerziehung im Lehrwerk Johannes Pauls II.
Authors: Stala Józef 
Published: April 2016

An in­‑depth analysis of writings of John Paul II leads to a conclusion that the Pope cared for upbringing that would foster to values. He clearly indicated that the person is to be viewed as the foundation of the process of upbringing and also stressed the significance of upbringing towards life in the family, nation and Church. The author of this article accounts for and presents the problem of upbringing towards values, which is interpreted from the teachings of John Paul II. First, the author indicates the complementary character of education, religion and faith, then they are oriented towards the world of values and the Christian hierarchization of these values.
Some remarks on the conflict between faith and science
Authors: Pabjan Tadeusz 
Published: April 2016

This paper deals with the conflict between faith and science. Since the issue is extensive, only selected aspects of this question are discussed. At first, the origin of the problem is outlined – it is argued, that the fundamental difference between the language and the method of science on one hand and of theology understood as a rational reflection on the truths of faith on the other is responsible for the conflict. Afterwards, two aspects of the conflict are presented – the first one concerns inconsistencies which appear on the plane of content – when some scientific statements or theorems seem to deny some theological claims; the second one involves differences in mentality and in worldview which appear on the plane of attitude. It is argued, that the content discrepancies can be eliminated with the help of two methods: of separation and of catharsis. But the differences in mentality which appear on the plane of attitude cannot be so easily eliminated. So finally the characteristics of these two different attitudes – of faith and of science – is discussed. It is argued, that a fundamental dissimilarity between the character of scientific knowledge (especially its empiricism) and of religious faith is a basic source of mutual estrangement and alienation.