bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optical/UV-to-X-Ray Echoes from the Tidal Disruption Flare ASASSN-14li
Authors: Pasham Dheeraj R. , Cenko S. Bradley , Sadowski Aleksander , Guillochon James , Stone Nicholas C. , Velzen Sjoert van , Cannizzo John K. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We carried out the first multi-wavelength (optical/UV and X-ray) photometric reverberation mapping of a tidal disruption flare (TDF) ASASSN-14li. We find that its X-ray variations are correlated with and lag the optical/UV fluctuations by 32 ± 4 days. Based on the direction and the magnitude of the X-ray time lag, we rule out X-ray reprocessing and direct emission from a standard circular thin disk as the dominant source of its optical/UV emission. The lag magnitude also rules out an AGN disk-driven instability as the origin of ASASSN-14li and thus strongly supports the tidal disruption picture for this event and similar objects. We suggest that the majority of the optical/UV emission likely originates from debris stream self-interactions. Perturbations at the self-interaction sites produce optical/UV variability and travel down to the black hole where they modulate the X-rays. The time lag between the optical/UV and the X-rays variations thus correspond to the time taken by these fluctuations to travel from the self-interaction site to close to the black hole. We further discuss these time lags within the context of the three variants of the self-interaction model. High-cadence monitoring observations of future TDFs will be sensitive enough to detect these echoes and would allow us to establish the origin of optical/UV emission in TDFs in general.
Reden mit Bildern. Robert Walser über Albert Anker
Authors: Müller Dominik 
Published: March 2017

Dans les année 1920, la période de sa production la plus audacieuse, dans un court texte en prose ( Das Ankeralbum 1926) et dans un poème ( Der Berner Maler Albert Anker 1931) Robert Walser fait les louanges du peintre Bernois Albert Anker, connu pour son art délicat, mais plutôt conservateur. Par le choix – dans le texte en prose – d’un narrateur incertain, qui ne se penche pas sur des originaux du maître, mais sur des reproductions en noir et en blanc, et par le choix – dans le poème – de vers hautement ironiques, il remet en question ces louanges et révèle un rapport ambivalent à Anker. Parmi les tableaux évoqués dans le texte en prose, celui qui représente des enfants veillant une fille défunte (mentionné aussi dans le poème) provoque un changement d’attitude. Le narrateur abandonne l’ironie. Il décrit à sa manière la consternation des enfants vis-à-vis de la mort et entre en compétition avec la peinture. Cet échange fait donc apparaître le respect pour Albert Anker : Walser voit en lui un artiste qui – comme lui-même et contrairement à son propre frère, le peintre Karl Walser – refuse de suivre les tendances artistiques dictées par les modes.
Pour une théorie de l’homme en psychopathologie du travail
Authors: Fernandez-Zoïla Adolfo 
Published: March 2017

À partir d’une discussion sur la conception de la pathologie en psychopathologie du travail, l’auteur envisage les rapports entre l’homme et le travail selon une perspective phénoménologique. La référence à la « situation de travail », qui se distingue des conditions de travail, met l’accent sur la singularité et le vécu. Il en résulte une approche de l’homme dans son rapport au travail fondée sur l’analyse du vécu comme connaissance affective déterminée par l’espace, le langage et le temps. La psychopathologie se trouve ainsi éclairée à nouveaux frais par l’étude du rapport dynamique entre la situation singulière et les conditions concrètes de travail. Les formes de souffrance et de décompensations psychopathologiques sont analysées en termes de ruptures des modalités de l’expérience subjective du travail.
La question de l’interprétation en linguistique
Authors: Boutet Josiane 
Published: March 2017

L’article propose une analyse spécifique de la méthode de l’interprétation du point de vue de la linguistique. Sont abordées les conditions permettant la (re)construction du sens des énoncés étudiés. Cette présentation permet de préciser le travail de construction du sens du linguiste et de le distinguer de celui effectué par le sociologue ou le psychopathologue. Il en résulte que le travail d’interprétation des faits observés, en fonction de la discipline de référence, engendre des contradictions qu’il s’agit de caractériser. S’agit-il d’articulation, de complémentarité ou de descriptions inconciliables ?
The Role of Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Vitreomacular Adhesion in Patients With Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Authors: Ilim Orhan , Akkin Cezmi , Oztas Zafer , Nalcaci Serhad , Afrashi Filiz , Degirmenci Cumali , Mentes Jale 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and vitreoretinal interface in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This clinical trial included 206 eyes of 138 patients who presented to the authors' clinic between January 2012 and November 2014. Patients were divided into three groups: 98 eyes of 67 patients with exudative AMD, 55 eyes of 36 patients with nonexudative AMD, and 53 eyes of 35 patients having no vitreoretinal disease. All patients underwent complete ocular examination, including best-corrected visual acuity, Goldmann applanation tonometry, fundus photography, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and B-mode ultrasonography at 6 months and 12 months after the initial examination.

RESULTS:

Total and partial PVD rates were significantly higher at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months in both exudative and nonexudative AMD groups when compared to the control group (Chi-square test,
P
= .006,
P
= .001, and
P
= .009, respectively). The prevalence of total PVD was significantly higher in nonexudative AMD, whereas partial PVD was higher in exudative AMD. The exudative AMD group reported significantly more VMA than the other two groups at baseline, 6 months, and 12 months (Chi-square test,
P
=.005,
P
= .003, and
P
= .019, respectively).

CONCLUSION:
This study indicates that the incidence of vitreoretinal interface abnormalities such as partial PVD and vitreomacular adhesion were higher in the exudative AMD group. It can be concluded that abnormal adhesive and tractional forces due to PVD may play a role in the progression of AMD.

[

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:223–229.

]
Short-Term Effects of Early Switching to Ranibizumab or Aflibercept in Diabetic Macular Edema Cases With Non-Response to Bevacizumab
Authors: Ashraf Mohammed , Souka Ahmed A. R. , ElKayal Hassan 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
To study the effect of early switching to ranibizumab (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) or aflibercept (Eylea; Regeneron, Tarrytown, NY) in cases of diabetic macular edema (DME) that have shown no response to bevacizumab (Avastin; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective study involving 59 eyes of 45 patients with DME previously treated with bevacizumab. Patients were switched either to ranibizumab or aflibercept. Detailed ophthalmological examination, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and optical coherence tomography (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) were performed prior to and 1 month post-switch.

RESULTS:
Fifty-nine eyes of 45 patients were included in the study, of whom 14 patients (17 eyes) were switched to aflibercept and 31 patients (42 eyes) were switched to ranibizumab. Post-switch, there was a statistically significant improvement in the BCVA in the combined group (aflibercept and ranibizumab), as well as in the ranibizumab group alone. In addition, there was a statistically significant decrease in the central subfield thickness (CST) in the combined group, as well as in the ranibizumab and aflibercept groups individually. There was no significant difference with regard to the change in macular thickness or BCVA between the aflibercept and ranibizumab groups. In addition, neither the pre-switch central macular thickness, previous number of injections, nor the pre-switch visual acuity affected the response to switching.

CONCLUSION:
Aflibercept and ranibizumab both appear to be effective for patients showing no initial response to bevacizumab.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:230–236.]
Safety of Silicone Oil Removal in Cases of Gunshot Perforating Eye Injuries
Authors: Ghoraba Hammouda Hamdy , Elgouhary Sameh Mohamed , Mansour Hosam Osman , Abdel-Fattah Hitham Mamoun , Heikal Mohamed Amin , Elgemaey Emad Mohamed 
Published: March 2017

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the feasibility and safety of silicone oil (SO) removal in cases of gunshot perforating eye injuries (PEI).

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
A retrospective, consecutive, interventional study from medical records regarding cases of gunshot PEI during the periods of Egyptian political instability (January 2011 until December 2013). The main outcomes were to evaluate the feasibility of SO removal in cases of gunshot PEI and management of retinal detachment (RD) after SO removal in such cases.

RESULTS:
One hundred ninety-six eyes of 193 patients were reviewed. SO was removed in 72 eyes of 70 patients (36.7%). After SO removal, five eyes (6.9%) developed RD. One case refused any other intervention. RD in the remaining four cases was treated with revision surgery and SO reinjection. The retina remained stable throughout follow-up. None of the eyes developed phthisis bulbi after SO removal. Mean follow-up after SO removal was 10.86 months (range: 3 months to 30 months). Mean follow-up after management of RD after SO removal was 17.7 months (range: 13 months to 21 months).

CONCLUSIONS:
Patients aged younger than 20 years were associated with extensive fibrous proliferation, which might affect the safety profile of SO removal in cases of gunshot PEI. Rate of RD after SO removal in cases of apparent retinal stability and localized fibrous proliferation was 6.9%. Retinal detachment after SO removal in such cases can be treated with revision surgery and SO reinjection.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina.
2017;48:242–250.]
Panel Data Analysis of Monetary Transmission Mechanism for European Union Countries
Authors: Yildirtan Dina Cakmur , Sarili Selin 
Published: March 2017

Monetary transmission mechanism is the mechanism which shows in what ways and what extent interaction between the real economy-monetary policy, impacts aggregate demand and production. While transmission channels or mechanisms traditionally classified they divided into three categories; interest rates, Exchange rates and other asset prices.In this study to test the existence of the European debt crisis by the monetary transmission mechanism, 15 members of European Union country by using annual (2002-2014) data set were included into study. We use panel unit root tests to analyze whether the variables in the model are stationary or not. For the countries included in the study, panel causality tests developed by Granger is applied. Panel Vector Autoregressive Model has been estimated and results of Impulse-Response Analysis and Variance Decomposition have been interpreted.
Description and early outcomes of the hybrid graft for dialysis
Authors: Gomez Luis F. , Peden Eric K. 
Published: March 2017

Introduction Long-term dialysis access has become more challenging as patient survival has improved in end-stage renal disease. The GORE® Hybrid Vascular Graft (GHVG) has been designed to improve dialysis access outcomes and provide additional access options for challenging patients. In this article, we will review the design of the graft, unique properties and reported outcomes. Methods We reviewed data available at our institution and performed a Pubmed search on GORE® Hybrid Vascular graft. We found two more studies besides the data published by our department. Results To date, there have been three papers showing early results of these grafts. All studies report successful placement of the grafts with no unexpected complications. Limb edema has not been a common problem, despite concerns of placing a stent graft into the axillary vein. The papers have shown 70% cumulative patency of the GHVG at 12 months. The comparative studies showed no significant benefit compared to conventional grafts. We see this as an option of continuing with arm access rather than going to more complex access creation such as a chest wall access or going to access creation in the legs. Conclusions The GHVG has been shown to have comparable performance to standard arteriovenous graft techniques and can expand access options for some patients with challenging anatomy.
Connecting Homeland and Borders Using Mobile Telephony: Exploring the State of Tamil Refugees in Indian Camps
Authors: Sreenivasan Akshaya , Bien-Aimé Steve , Connolly-Ahern Colleen 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article attempts to explain how mobile phones influence how Sri Lankan Tamil refugees perceive cultural, psychological, and physical borders. Grounded in the information and communications technology (ICT) literature and diaspora communications, the lead author conducted twelve in-depth interviews with Mandapam camp residents in Tamilnadu, India, during Summer 2013. Results indicate that while camp refugees considered Sri Lanka their “motherland,” fear of government surveillance coupled with skepticism regarding the peace process impedes their return, even though official hostilities have ceased. However, mobile communications allow them to create a virtual community, which is important because camp life essentially separates them from both India and Sri Lanka.
Extraction and purification of recombinant intact human Parathyroid Hormone (hPTH) from bacterial cell
Authors: Al-badran Adnan E. , Abdul-jabbar Rafeef Amer 
Published: March 2017

Objective: The intact human Parathyroid hormone (hPTH) is one of the biopharmaceutical drug produced by biotechnology, this hormone can be provided in a good amount using simple batch culture, and therefore the main purpose of this study was the production of purified bioactive intact hPTH.Methods: A cloning BL21(DE3) strain (which already cloned in our Lab. by synthetic human Parathyroid hormone (shPTH) gene) was grown in LB medium and the cloning gene expression was induced by addition of IPTG to the medium. The recombinant fused protein was purified from the bacterial cell lysate by affinity chromatography and underwent proteolysis by Enterokinase enzyme to obtain the target hPTH, and it's further purified by DEAE and SP Sepharose ion exchange chromatography. RP-HPLC analysis and biological activity on the MCF-7 breast cancer cells were done for both the standard and produced hPTH. Furthermore, the haemolysis ability of the latter was tested on the human RBC.Results: 225ng/ml of hPTH was produced after SP chromatography which detected by specific PTH ELISA kit, standard and produced hPTH showed the same peaks in the same retention time when analyzed by HPLC. The produced hPTH haemolysis assay showed the ability of the produced hPTH to partially haemolyze the RBC in a concentration above 200µg/ml. The bioactivity assay for the produced and standard rhPTH demonstrated that both compounds had a biological activity on the MCF-7 cells with IC50 of about 84.4 and 75.7 µg/ml for standard and produced hPTH respectively, and no significant difference was detected between them.Conclusions: Via suitable purification processes, the biologically active hPTH with structure similar to the standard ones as detected by RP-HPLC and bioactivity assay, can be obtained by using already cloned isolate with shPTH gene for hormone production. The hormone showed haemolysis effect on the RBC similar to the normal secreted hPTH.
The Means to an End: Phonology's Prominence in a Reading Task
Authors: Grabovac Anna 
Published: March 2017

For decades, psycholinguists have engaged in a debate over the steps involved in the reading process. Do readers find meaning in texts through a phonological route or a lexical route? This paper, which takes into account two previous studies, investigates the influence of phonology and lexical spelling by analyzing the results of a reading judgment task.
Three-dimensional visualisation of the internal anatomy of the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus) forelimb using contrast-enhanced micro-computed tomography
Authors: Bribiesca-Contreras Fernanda , Sellers William I. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundGross dissection is a widespread method for studying animal anatomy, despite being highly destructive and time-consuming. X-ray computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be a non-destructive alternative for studying anatomical structures. However, in the past it has been limited to only being able to visualise mineralised tissues. In recent years, morphologists have started to use traditional X-ray contrast agents to allow the visualisation of soft tissue elements in the CT context. The aim of this project is to assess the ability of contrast-enhanced micro-CT (μCT) to construct a three-dimensional (3D) model of the musculoskeletal system of the bird wing and to quantify muscle geometry and any systematic changes due to shrinkage. We expect that this reconstruction can be used as an anatomical guide to the sparrowhawk wing musculature and form the basis of further biomechanical analysis of flight.MethodsA 3% iodine-buffered formalin solution with a 25-day staining period was used to visualise the wing myology of the sparrowhawk (Accipiter nisus). μCT scans of the wing were taken over the staining period until full penetration of the forelimb musculature by iodine was reached. A 3D model was reconstructed by manually segmenting out the individual elements of the avian wing using 3D visualisation software.ResultsDifferent patterns of contrast were observed over the duration of the staining treatment with the best results occurring after 25 days of staining. Staining made it possible to visualise and identify different elements of the soft tissue of the wing. Finally, a 3D reconstruction of the musculoskeletal system of the sparrowhawk wing is presented and numerical data of muscle geometry is compared to values obtained by dissection.DiscussionContrast-enhanced μCT allows the visualisation and identification of the wing myology of birds, including the smaller muscles in the hand, and provides a non-destructive way for quantifying muscle volume with an accuracy of 96.2%. By combining contrast-enhanced μCT with 3D visualisation techniques, it is possible to study the individual muscles of the forelimb in their original position and 3D design, which can be the basis of further biomechanical analysis. Because the stain can be washed out post analysis, this technique provides a means of obtaining quantitative muscle data from museum specimens non-destructively.
Identification of dysregulated genes in rheumatoid arthritis based on bioinformatics analysis
Authors: Hao Ruihu , Du Haiwei , Guo Lin , Tian Fengde , An Ning , Yang Tiejun , Wang Changcheng , Wang Bo , Zhou Zihao 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic auto-inflammatory disorder of joints. The present study aimed to identify the key genes in RA for better understanding the underlying mechanisms of RA.MethodsThe integrated analysis of expression profiling was conducted to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in RA. Moreover, functional annotation, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and transcription factor (TF) regulatory network construction were applied for exploring the potential biological roles of DEGs in RA. In addition, the expression level of identified candidate DEGs was preliminarily detected in peripheral blood cells of RA patients in theGSE17755dataset. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was conducted to validate the expression levels of identified DEGs in RA.ResultsA total of 378 DEGs, including 202 up- and 176 down-regulated genes, were identified in synovial tissues of RA patients compared with healthy controls. DEGs were significantly enriched in axon guidance, RNA transport and MAPK signaling pathway. RBFOX2, LCK and SERBP1 were the hub proteins in the PPI network. In the TF-target gene network, RBFOX2, POU6F1, WIPF1 and PFKFB3 had the high connectivity with TFs. The expression status of 11 candidate DEGs was detected inGSE17755, the expression levels of MAT2A and NSA2 were significantly down-regulated and CD47 had the up-regulated tendency in peripheral blood cells of patients with RA compared with healthy individuals. qRT-PCR results of MAT2A, NSA2, CD47 were compatible with our bioinformatics analyses.DiscussionOur study might provide valuable information for exploring the pathogenesis mechanism of RA and identifying the potential biomarkers for RA diagnosis.
Functional and health promoting inherent attributes ofEnterococcus hiraeF2 as a novel probiotic isolated from the digestive tract of the freshwater fishCatla catla
Authors: Adnan Mohd , Patel Mitesh , Hadi Sibte 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundProbiotic microorganisms are gaining global importance because of their use in the preparation of a nutraceutical or in the treatment of infections. As per the health industry demand, there is an urgent need for exploring new indigenous probiotic strains with its specific origin due to variation in gut microflora, different food habits and specific host-microbial interactions. The main objective of the present study was to isolate and identify a novel probioticEnterococcusstrain from the gut ofCatla catlafish and evaluate its potentiality as a potent probiotic.MethodsThe whole study was designed with the isolation of novel lactic acid bacterial strain from the gut ofCatla catlafish with their biochemical and molecular identifications. The potentiality of the isolated strain as a potent probiotic was carried out according to the parameters described in FAD/WHO guidelines for the evaluation of probiotics in food.ResultsThe isolated strain was confirmed asEnterococcus hiraeF2 on the basis of various biochemical and 16s rRNA gene sequencing methods.Enterococcus hiraeF2 was able to survive under highly acidic and bile salt concentration with the ability for the production of lipase and Bsh enzyme. It was also able to survive under simulated gastrointestinal conditions with the inhibition ability of various pathogens. The antioxidant potentiality with the cell surface hydrophobicity and cell aggregation ability confirms its potentiality as a potent probiotic. All the results detail the potency ofEnterococcus hiraeF2 as a novel probiotic for a safer use.DiscussionThe isolation ofEnterococcus hiraewith probiotic potential from the gut of fish is a new approach and done for the first time. However, the whole study concluded that the isolated strain might be used as a novel probiotic in the food industry for the production of new probiotic products which imparts health benefits to the host.