bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional analyses of TET2 in vivo and in vitro reveal endothelial-specific roles in interferon responses that are dysregulated in hyperglycaemia
Authors: Green Hannah L. H. , Sum Hashum , Sinha Palak , Visnagri Asjad , Brewer Alison C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Endothelial dysfunction represents a critical early event in the development of vascular disease but its aetiology remains unknown. However, risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including hyperglycaemia, correlate with altered DNA methylation patterns both in vivo and in vitro. Ten-Eleven-Translocation 2 (TET2) catalyses successive oxidation of 5-methylcytosine to facilitate DNA demethylation. Loss-of-function mutations of TET2 in haematopoietic cells are associated with cardiovascular disease, and decreased TET2 protein stability is observed in diabetic patient peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, the contribution of TET2 to endothelial function and the extent to which dysregulated TET2 activity might participate in endothelial dysfunction in diabetes remain incompletely understood.
Methods
Responses of wild-type and TET2fl/fl Cdh5-CreERT2 mouse aortae to vasoconstrictors and vasodilators were measured in an organ bath. Targets of TET2-mediated transcriptional regulation were identified by RNA sequencing of lung CD31 + cells from these mice, and by qPCR following silencing of TET2 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). Comparisons were made between genes differentially expressed upon TET2 ablation or exposure to hyperglycaemia in vivo. Specific gene loci associated with altered TET activity following interferon gamma (IFNγ) treatment were assessed by hydroxymethylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing.
Results
Endothelial-specific deletion of TET2 did not alter responses of aortic rings to acetylcholine or phenylephrine. The absence of TET2 in murine lung CD31 + cells dysregulated pathways including response to IFNγ and leukocyte activation, bearing significant resemblance to pathways dysregulated by exposure to hyperglycaemia. The IFNγ-induced transcription of CXCL9 and CXCL10 in HUVEC correlated with a striking gain of 5hmC deposition at an enhancer region between CXCL9 and CXCL10 gene loci. Silencing of TET2 or high glucose administration acted similarly to reduce this IFNγ-induced expression.
Conclusions
TET2 transcriptionally regulates IFNγ responses and leukocyte activation pathways in endothelial cells. TET2 is likely to regulate the IFNγ-induced expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 via its catalytic activity, causing demethylation of an intergenic enhancer region. Decreased TET2 activity may contribute to the altered expression of a subset of genes dysregulated by hyperglycaemic exposure. These findings may provide insight into the epigenetic and transcriptional reprogramming induced by hyperglycaemia, leading to endothelial dysfunction and vascular disease.
Association between Weight-Adjusted Waist Index and Chronic Pain in U.S. adults: a Cross- Sectional Study
Authors: Liu Huili , Gao Ya , Bai Xue , Chen Mingan , Xie Ruijie , Song Yanan , Li Min 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic pain is associated with significant levels of disability and is widely considered an important public health problem. Current evidence implicates a significant link between chronic pain and obesity, along with associated metabolic dysfunctions. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) is an innovative measure for obesity. This study aims to explore the association between WWI and chronic pain among American adults.
Methods
This study used data from the 1999–2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Chronic pain was defined as self-reported pain lasting for ≥ 3 months in the past year. Weighted multivariate linear regression and smoothed curve fitting were conducted to investigate the linear associations between WWI and chronic pain. Threshold effects were determined using a two-part linear regression model. Subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate factors influencing the relationship between WWI and chronic pain.
Results
Among the 12,694 participants, 1,856 (14.62%) experienced chronic pain. After complete adjustment, every unit increase in WWI correlated with a 10% higher odds of chronic pain prevalence (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.01–1.19, P = 0.036). Individuals in the highest WWI quartile (11.54–15.52) cm/\(\:\sqrt{\text{k}\text{g}}\) had a 31% increased odds of chronic pain prevalence compared to those in the lowest quartile (7.90–10.36) cm/\(\:\sqrt{\text{k}\text{g}}\) (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.08–1.60, P = 0.016). The positive association between WWI and chronic pain remained persisted across all subcategories except for race. The saturation effect between WWI and chronic pain was observed, with the inflection point at 11.88 cm/\(\:\sqrt{\text{k}\text{g}}\) for all participants and 11.79 cm/\(\:\sqrt{\text{k}\text{g}}\) for females.
Conclusions
Our research demonstrated a notable positive association between WWI and chronic pain. These findings help public health officials better understand of importance of controlling abdominal obesity in alleviating chronic pain, aid in the development and evaluation of pain management programs, and develop optimal interventions to diagnose and treat chronic pain.
Bayesian modeling of volatility in stock price using ARCH-GARCH with stan in R
Authors: Haqbin Sayed Rahmi Khuda , Khan Athar Ali 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Stock price data naturally exhibits volatility. Specialized models are necessary to accurately represent and account for this volatile nature when modeling stock prices. This study employs a Bayesian approach to analyze ARCH and GARCH models applied to Apple stock price data. Leveraging the Stan probabilistic programming language within R, the research estimates model parameters and assesses volatility dynamics. Through Bayesian methods, the analysis incorporates prior information, enhancing parameter estimation and providing uncertainty measures for stock price forecasts. Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling techniques are utilized to obtain posterior distributions, revealing insights into volatility patterns, including clustering and persistence, within Apple stock prices. The study showcases the versatility of Bayesian techniques in financial econometrics, enabling model comparison and predictive performance assessment. Results offer valuable insights for investors, risk managers, and policymakers, aiding in understanding and managing stock price volatility.
Hunger Induced Perceptional Shift Influence Decisive Behavior In Zebrafish
Authors: Chathooth Nimisha , Chalil Muhammed Sinan Malik Purathe , Amar Atheena , Sivarajan Dhanusha , Kuniyil Ashil Arroth , Ramachandran Binu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The plasticity of behavioral traits is shaped by a complex interplay of metabolic state and extrinsic factors. All organisms including human beings are subjected to behavioral choices and complex decision-making processes. The normal mechanism underlying the behavioral choice requires flexibility in potential cost and benefit for better survival. Decisive behavior is closely linked to perception, through which organisms evaluate and interpret the available options, consciously or subconsciously, and settle on the best possible choice as the final decision. Decisions to escape from threats and approaching the prey are crucial for the survival of organisms and perception of predatory and prey stimuli influence these decisions. The predatory-prey perception is influenced by feeding state and hunger induces increased aggression and may influence decisive choice. Here zebrafish perceive small black dots as their prey and decide to approach it. In a hungry state, the perception of small dots as prey and the frequency of visits are higher than in a normal well-fed state. The zebrafish was exposed to its sympatric predator (Anabas) and showed avoidance behavior to both dots and predator in a normal state. In a hungry state, zebrafish exposed to both dots and predator, take more risks to approach the dots by avoiding predatory stimuli presented on the same side. These modulations in decisive behavior is triggered by predatory-prey perceptional shifts due to induced feeding state and the decision to take a risk in between life and a nutritional benefit is achieved by a balance between costs and benefits. Our results support, how hunger shifts behavioral decisions from avoidance to approach and thereby influences decisive behavior in zebrafish.
Time Trends in Adolescent Diagnoses of Major Depressive Disorder and Co-occurring Psychiatric Conditions in Electronic Health Records
Authors: Wilson Marina , Lee Hyunjoon , Dall'Aglio Lorenza , Li Xinyun , Kumar Anushka , Colvin Mary K. , Smoller Jordan W. , Beardslee William R. , Choi Karmel W. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent in youth and generally characterized by psychiatric comorbidities. Secular trends in co-occurring diagnoses remain unclear, especially in healthcare settings. Using large-scale electronic health records data from a major U.S. healthcare system, we examined the prevalence of MDD diagnoses and co-occurring psychiatric conditions during adolescence (12–18 years; N = 133,753) across four generations (birth years spanning 1985 to 2002) and by sex. Then using a phenome-wide association analysis, we explored which of 67 psychiatric conditions were associated with adolescent MDD diagnosis in earlier versus recent generations. Adolescent MDD diagnosis prevalence increased (8.9 to 11.4%) over time. Over 60% with an MDD diagnosis had co-occurring psychiatric diagnoses, especially neurodevelopmental and anxiety disorders. Co-occurring diagnoses generally increased over time, especially for anxiety disorders (14 to 50%) and suicidal behaviors (6 to 23%), across both sexes. Eight comorbidities interacted with generation, showing stronger associations with MDD diagnosis in earlier (e.g., conduct disorder) versus more recent (e.g., suicidal ideation and behaviors) generations. The findings underscore the importance of assessing psychiatric complexity in adolescents diagnosed with MDD, applying transdiagnostic approaches to address co-occurring presentations, and further investigating potential causes for generational increases.
Numerical simulation of turbulent fountains with negative buoyancy
Authors: Khan Muhammad Ahsan , Addona Fabio , Chiapponi Luca , Merli Nicolò , Archetti Renata 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This paper investigates the flow dynamics of a turbulent fountain with negative buoyancy using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. A fountain is created when a denser source fluid is injected upward into a lighter ambient fluid, or a lighter source fluid is injected downward into a denser ambient fluid; this study focuses on the former scenario. The numerical model, developed using OpenFOAM®, has been calibrated against laboratory experiments. The simulations effectively replicate the geometry and buoyancy fluxes of the fountain, showing good agreement between the numerical and experimental velocity fields. These simulations are both original and valuable, enabling the quantification of momentum and mass fluxes for various source fluid densities and offering insights into turbulence phenomena. Furthermore, the generated data serve as a significant resource for the development of future CFD models.
Suboptimal health among Chinese middle school students may be associated with psychological symptoms and sleep duration: A cross-sectional survey in China
Authors: Zhong Zhaohao , Chen Shangmin , Zhang Xiaowei , Chen Hengwei , Li Liping 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate status between ideal heath and illness, it is characterized by the perception of health complaints, general weakness, decreased immunity and low energy. More and more Chinese students have been troubled by psychological symptoms (PS). The relationship between SHS and PS is unclear in adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SHS and PS in Chinese adolescents and the relationship between SHS and PS and to identify the risk factors of SHS from the perspective of public health.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with the cluster sampling method among 1955 middle school students in Shantou, China. SHS was assessed by Suboptimal Health Status Questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25). And the PS of anxiety and depression were assessed with Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) and Beck Depression Inventory-Ⅱ Scale (BDI-Ⅱ) self-assessment questionnaires. Variate logistic analysis was applied to explore risk factors of SHS. The relationship between SHS and PS among Chinese middle school students was subsequently analyzed.
Results
Among the 1955 participants, 1904 middle school students were finally included in the analysis, the effective response rate was 97.39%. The prevalence of SHS was 10.3% (197/1904) while the prevalence of anxiety and depression was 30.7% (585/1904) and 34.1% (649/1904), respectively. A strong correlation was identified between SHS and PS among middle school students. With the aggravation of anxiety and depression, the probability of suffering from SHS increased (both P<0.01). The scores for various dimensions of SHS among the depression and anxiety groups were higher compared to those of the non-depression and non-anxiety groups (all P<0.01 ). Multivariate regression showed that compared with sleeping less than six hours, 6–8 hours is a protective factor for SHS (OR = 0.486, 95%CI = 0.278–0.851).
Conclusions
Attention should be paid to the SHS and PS of Chinese middle school students and there is a strong association between SHS and PS among them. Lack of sleep is a risk factor for SHS so that sufficient sleeping time should be highly recommended as an advised measure to prevent SHS. Further discovering the risk factors of SHS and ensuring adequate sleep will benefit the health status of adolescents.
A Transparent Look at How Taxes Affect Growth: Evidence from Cross-Country Panel Data
Authors: Kawano Laura , Olson John , Slemrod Joel , Hsieh Meng Hsuan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We evaluate how different methodological choices affect the conclusions drawn about the effect of tax policy on economic growth using cross-country panel data. These analyses do not credibly support claims that tax rate changes have a statistically robust medium-term impact on national income. We then re-assess this literature in light of the recent econometric insights on estimation with staggered treatments, and find that a causal estimate of the effect of the first tax change again yields no statistically significant effect of taxes on economic growth.
JEL Classification: H24, H25, E62, N10, O47
Exploring the Effects of Delphinidin Treatment on Browning Processes in 3T3-L1 Preadipocyte Cells: A Foodomics Approach
Authors: DEMET Elif Didem ÖRS , BAŞ Kübra Uçar , Agacdiken Aslıhan , Aslan Dilem Tugal , Recber Tuba , gulsun Tugba , Çelebier Mustafa , Göktaş Zeynep 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Foodomics uses advanced omics technologies to evaluate the molecular effects of food components in organisms. Delphinidin, a valuable polyphenol anthocyanidin, has demonstrated protective effects against obesity-related conditions, making it a promising candidate for dietary supplements. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of delphinidin treatment (5, 10, and 20 µM) on 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell culture on thermogenesis and browning processes.
Methods:
We treated cells in two different stages of adipocyte formation: in the differentiation and the maturation process. To achieve this, we evaluated the expressions of main protein markers (UCP-1, PGC1-α, and PPARγ) and genes correlated with browning (UCP-1, PPARγ, C/EBPβ, PGC1-α, CIDEA, FABP4, and PRDM16) and lipid metabolism in delphinidin treated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells. The GC/MS-based Metabolomics method was used to understand the effect of delphinidin at the lipid level.
Results:
The results suggest that delphinidin might contribute to the browning of tissue in relation to important regulators of browning genes like UCP1 and PRDM16. However, it did not impact PPARγ, C/EBPβ, and FABP4 – which are regulators of adipogenesis. The foodomics approach combining multi-omics data suggest that delphinidin interacts in different pathways of metabolism. Delphinidin exhibited effects on metabolites such as glyceraldehyde, alanine, and porphine – indicating its involvement in metabolic pathways.
Conclusion:
These findings provide a valuable foundation for developing obesity therapeutics through dietary supplements, though further studies are needed to confirm delphinidin’s browning effects.
Analysis of potential categories of cognitive impairment in adolescents' Internet use and its influencing factors
Authors: Zhu Wei , Wang Linlin , Yang Tao , Su Xin , Guo Yaxue , Wang Lan , Dong Xueqing , Zhang Yin , Pan Minghao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The potential category analysis method was used to explore the potential categories of adolescents' cognitive impairment in Internet use, and the differences and influencing factors of adolescents with different characteristics of cognitive impairment in Internet use in each scale were analyzed.
Method
Potential category analysis was used to classify adolescents' cognitive impairment in Internet use, and disordered multiple classification logistic regression was used to analyze the effects of various factors on different categories.
Result
Adolescents' cognitive impairment in Internet use can be divided into four types, among which 19.61% are avoidance and self-satisfaction type, 6.912% are high cognitive impairment type, 18.76% are weak impulse control type and 54.7% are good cognitive impairment type;The disordered multi-classification Logistic regression results show that, Different categories of adolescents' cognitive impairment in Internet use were in grade, personality, gender, student origin, number of good friends in real life, good friends in the school, adolescent cognitive impairment in Internet use scale, social media use scale, Internet addiction scale, information overload scale, information avoidance scale, fear of Missing out scale, core self-evaluation scale, positive and negative emotion scale, and cumulative students Compared with the state risk scale, the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).
Conclusion
According to different categories of adolescents with cognitive impairment in Internet use, targeted intervention measures should be taken to alleviate their psychological distress. For the avoidant and self-satisfied type of Internet use, we should improve their ability to resist pressure and relieve negative emotions and anxiety. Social participation and social support should be enhanced to reduce the effects of loneliness and low self-esteem on people with high cognitive impairment in Internet use. For those with weak impulse control in Internet use, it is necessary to strengthen their control over their desire to surf the Internet and their time to improve their self-control. In view of the good cognition of Internet use, corresponding measures should be taken to maintain the good cognition of Internet use.
Can insulin resistance be explained by increased chain splitting of insulin before its action?
Authors: Sturis Jeppe , Cramer Christian , Hubálek František , Brand Christian , Helleberg Hans , Kurtzhals Peter 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Despite decades of intense research, the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance are still poorly understood. What if a major cause of insulin resistance is not related to defects in the target tissues and/or insulin receptor signaling, but rather to a reduced survival of endogenously secreted insulin on its way to activating the receptor on the cell surface of the target tissues? Here, we present data and lay out arguments in support of this novel hypothesis which is fundamentally different from the common view that insulin resistance is caused by the body's cells becoming less sensitive to insulin.
Enabling the Multiscale Interfacial Stabilization for Ah-level Anode-free Lithium Metal Battery via a Prelithiation Separator strategy
Authors: Ma Yue , Shao Ahu , Wang Helin , Zhang Min , Liu Jiacheng , Chen Lu , Li Yongsong , Guo Yuxiang , Wang Zhiqiao , Jia Qiurong , Wang Xin , Tang Xiaoyu , Zhao Xiaodong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Featuring the straightforward assembly of fully lithiated cathodes with bared current collectors, anode-free lithium metal batteries (AFLMBs) nominally achieve the highest gravimetric/volumetric energy densities with minimum Li host in excess, simplified anode processing, as well as the reduced labor/cost of cell manufacturing and maintenance. Nevertheless, issues of parasitic interfacial reactions, high-voltage cathode collapse and the irreversible Li+ plating on the deposition substrate, collectively deplete the cation reservoir of cell models. This study thus proposes a separator strategy to enable the multiscale interfacial stabilization for Ah-level AFLMB model. Specifically, the sacrificial Li2S@C prelithiation layer loaded on the polyolefin separator (Li2S@C|PE), not only supplements the customized Li+ inventory during the formation cycle, but also establishes the lithium polysulfides containing cathode interface with the high-voltage tolerance (till 4.5V). Through the combined analysis of in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and transmission-mode operando X-ray diffraction, the enhanced Li+ diffusivity and reversible phase evolution of LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode as in contact with the prelithiation separator are real-time documented. Upon the cell assembly of Li2S@C|PE separator with the Ag modified Cu foil (Ag-Cu) and densely-packed LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode (25.0 mg cm− 2) under lean electrolyte condition (E/C 1.8 g Ah− 1), the 1.22 Ah pouch-format prototype balances the robust cycling endurance, gravimetric/volumetric energy densities of 450 Wh kg− 1/1355 Wh L− 1, as well as extreme power output up to 830.6 W kg− 1. This prelithiation protocol demonstrates upscaling potential and generic applicability to secure the interfacial chemistries for anode-less/-free LMB configurations.