bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Memahami Investasi Minyak Cina di Sudan: Analisis Interaksi Strategis Cina pada Situasi Konflik
Authors: Setiawan Fajar Ajie 
Published: November 2017

<p class="Abstrak" align="center"> </p><p class="Abstrak" align="center"> </p><p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p class="Abstrak">Perkembangan pesat perekonomian Cina khususnya dalam dua dekade terakhir mendorong tingginya ketergantungan Cina akan impor minyak bumi melebihi kapasitas produksi domestiknya. Cina untuk pertama kalinya melewati Amerika Serikat sebagai importir minyak terbesar di dunia pada tahun 2015 dengan kawasan Afrika khususnya negara-negara ‘bermasalah’ seperti Sudan menjadi tujuannya. Investasi berbasis minyak Cina di Sudan kemudian menjadi perhatian dunia internasional karena kebijakan non-interferensi Cina dianggap tidak memedulikan permasalahan domestik Sudan. Penelitian ini berupaya untuk menjelaskan bagaimana investasi berbasis minyak Cina di Sudan dengan fokus analisis terhadap interaksi strategis antar negara yaitu Cina dengan Sudan yang dilanda konflik dengan menggunakan tiga variabel analisis yaitu kepentingan negara, spesifikasi setting strategis, dan perhatian terhadap faktor ketidakpastian. Hasil analisis memperlihatkan bahwa kebutuhan minyak sebagai penggerak pertumbuhan ekonomi Cina merupakan kepentingan krusial sehingga menjadi prioritas yang dijalankan oleh SOEs Cina sebagai instrumen strategis berdasarkan kebijakan “China First” yang permisif terhadap isu domestik.</p><p class="Abstrak"> <strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: investasi minyak; politik luar negeri cina; konflik sudan; ekonomi politik internasional</p><p class="Abstrak"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p class="Abstrak" align="center"> </p><p class="Abstrak">The rapid economic development of PRC especially during the last two decades has prompted its dependence on oil imports exceeding its domestic production. China for the first time exceeded US as the biggest oil importer in 2015 with Africa particularly ‘troubled’ countries such as Sudan as its destination. China’s oil-based investment in Sudan later becomes international concern since China’s non-interference policy was perceived as ignoring Sudan’s domestic problems. This research attempts to explain China’s oil-based investment in Sudan with focus of analysis on China’s strategic interaction with conflict-troubled Sudan using three analytical variables: the identification of state interest, the specification of strategic setting, and the attention to the role of uncertainty. Analysis result shows that China’s need for oil to secure its economic growth is China’s vital interest as being prioritized by its SOEs as China’s strategic instrument based on ‘China First’ policy that is permissive towards Sudan’s domestic issue.</p><p class="Abstrak"><strong>Keywords</strong>: oil investment; china’s foreign policy; sudan conflict; IPE</p>
The Evolution of ISIS In Indonesia With Regards to Its Social Media Strategy
Authors: Arifin Naufal Armia 
Published: November 2017

<p align="center"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>ISIS is a splinter terrorist group from Al-Qaeda that became a global threat in the last two decades. Its recruitment method that is different from its predecessor, also how it utilizes social media effectively, made them able to spread terror to every part of the world and conquer many territories of Iraq and Syria in order to fulfill their goal of a caliphate. However, recent development shows ISIS will lose their base of operation in both countries and there are signs of ISIS shifting their focus to Southeast Asia, with regards to the Marawi conquest. This paper aims to discuss how such development affects ISIS in Indonesia as the largest Muslim country in Southeast Asia and how the government responds to the situation.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> isis; al-qaeda; social media; foreign fighters; indonesia<em>.</em></p><p> </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Abstrak</em></strong></p><p><em>ISIS adalah kelompok teroris pecahan dari Al-Qaeda yang menjadi ancaman global dalam hampir dua dekade terakhir. Metode perekrutan anggota ISIS yang berbeda dari pendahulunya, serta bagaimana ISIS memanfaatkan sosial media dengan efektif membuat kelompok ini dapat menyebarkan teror di seluruh dunia dan menguasai banyak wilayah di Irak dan Suriah untuk memenuhi tujuan negara kekhalifahan mereka. Namun, perkembangan terkini menunjukkan ISIS akan kehilangan basis operasinya di kedua negara tersebut dan terdapat tanda bahwa ISIS akan mengalihkan fokus mereka ke Asia Tenggara dengan berkaca pada peristiwa penaklukan Marawi. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendiskusikan bagaimana perkembangan tersebut berpengaruh pada ISIS di Indonesia sebagai negara Muslim terbesar di Asia Tenggara dan bagaimana pemerintah meresponnya.</em></p><p><em><br /> <strong>Kata Kunci: </strong></em><em>isis;</em><em> </em><em>a</em><em>l-</em><em>q</em><em>aeda</em><em>;</em><em> </em><em>m</em><em>edia </em><em>s</em><em>osial</em><em>;</em><em> </em><em>p</em><em>ejuang </em><em>a</em><em>sing</em><em>;</em><em> </em><em>i</em><em>ndonesia</em><em>.</em></p>
Influencia de la colonización de vía aérea por Candida spp. en pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica en una unidad de cuidado intensivo de Colombia, durante el periodo 2010 a 2015.
Authors: Mendez Fandiño Yardany Rafael , Caicedo Ochoa Edgar Yaset , Urrutia Gómez Jorge Andrés , Rodriguez Palacios Johanna Milena , Rodriguez Puerto Nora Edith , Becerra Medina Daniel Felipe , Rojas Rojas Mile Yohana , Cala Pulido Alvaro Erik 
Published: November 2017

ResumenCandida spp. es el agente más comúnmente aislado de origen fúngico en el contexto de Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), La EPOC es una enfermedad caracterizada por una obstrucción crónica del flujo aéreo pulmonar, constituye un factor predisponente de colonización de la vía aérea por Candida spp. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio de caso comparativo de tipo retrospectivo revisando los registros microbiológicos de aislamientos de muestras orotraqueales de Candida spp entre 2010 y 2015 de pacientes con diagnóstico espirométrico de EPOC, el grupo de comparación fue formado por pacientes con aislamiento de Candida spp. sin diagnóstico de EPOC, se revisó la historia clínica en busca de variables, demográficas, clínicas, terapéuticas y microbiológicas. Las variables discretas se describieron mediante frecuencia relativa y absoluta, mientras que las variables continuas se describieron mediante promedio e IC del 95%. Resultados: 116 pacientes fueron incluidos, 43 en el grupo de EPOC y 73 pacientes en grupo de comparación. No hubo diferencias significativas entre las especies aisladas, siendo el más prevalente Candida albicans con 76.74% de los aislamientos de los pacientes con EPOC y 75.34% de Pacientes sin EPOC, los pacientes con EPOC eran de mayor edad comparados con los de no-EPOC y presentaron un mayor Índice de Charlson comparado con el otro grupo. Dentro de las condiciones clínicas no se observaron diferencias significativas entre los grupos; sin embargo, se presentó mayor mortalidad en los pacientes con EPOC con un 53.49% comparado con el 20.55% del otro grupo de estudio (p<0.01). Conclusión: La colonización por Candida spp se hace relevante como un factor asociado a aumento de la mortalidad en pacientes con. EPOC en contexto de UCI.
TASAWUF DALAM SOROTAN EPISTEMOLOGI DAN AKSIOLOGI
Authors: Zuhri Amat 
Published: November 2017

Aspek ajaran Islam seringkali dibagi secara dikotomis menjadi aspek syariâ€™at dan hakikat. Aspek syariâ€™at adalah ajaran yang bersumber dari al-Qurâ€™an dan sunnah berkenaan dengan aqidah, ibadah, akhlak, sosial, ekonomi dan aspek kehidupan lainnya yang bersifat lahiriyah dalam bentuk legal-formal atau identik dengan fikih. Karena bersumber dari al-Qurâ€™an dan Sunnah maka ilmu syariâ€™at digolongkan sebagai ilmu yang menggunakan epistemologi bayani. Sedangkan hakikat adalah aspek ajaran dalam Islam yang lebih menekankan pada penghayatan batin sehingga digolongkan sebagai ilmu yang menggunakan epistemologi irfani. Yang termasuk dalam hakikat ini adalah Tasawuf. Pembagian secara dikotomis seperti ini secara tidak langsung menimbulkan pemahaman bahwa tasawuf bukanlah bagian dari syariâ€™at. Maka tidak jarang ada pihak-pihak yang menganggap bahwa tasawuf adalah salah satu bentuk penyimpangan dalam Islam atau setidaknya tidak memperhatikan aspek syariâ€™at. Selain dianggap mernyimpang, tasawuf juga sering dianggap sebagai ajaran yang tidak mampu menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan kemasyarakatan. Benarkah tasawuf itu tidak memperhatikan aspek syariâ€™at dan tidak memiliki nilai-guna untuk menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan kemasyarakatan? Dalam tulisan ini penulis akan mencoba menjawab pertanyaanpertanyaan tersebut dengan menggunakan metode analisis Critical Discouse Analysis (CDA). Secara aplikatif, pembahasannya dimulai dengan mendeskripsikan sejarah dan faktor penyebab munculnya aliran-aliran tasawuf dalam Islam serta pokok-pokok ajaran tasawuf. Adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah filsafat ilmu. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa ajaran tasawuf juga menekankan aspek syariâ€™ahÂ sehingga tidak melulu hanya menggunakan epistemologi irfani. Selain itu nilai-nilai tasawuf juga memiliki nilai-guna untuk menyelesaikan persoalan-persoalan kemasyarakatan.
ﻧﻈﺮﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﺼﻠﺤﺔ و دورﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺑﻨﺎء اﻷﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ
Authors: Al-Hasani Maulidi 
Published: November 2017

Perbedaan pemikiran dalam satu mazhab terkait dengan dua hal: pertama, berkaitan dengan dalil-dali yang dijadikan dasar dan kedua, berkaitan dengan pendekatan yang digunakan mujtahid untuk memahami teks. Meski dalil-dalil hokum berbeda akan tetapi tujuan syara’ adalah sama yaitu kemaslahatan bagi manusia dan ini harus menjadi perhatian para mujtahid. Oleh karena itu, kajian terhadap konsep maslahah menjadi perhatian serius para ulama mengingat maslahat adalah tujuan utama atau inti dari pensyariatan hukum bagi manusia agar bahagia dunia dan akhirat. Peran maslahat sangat besar dalam pembentukan hukum syara’ terutama masa kontemporer ini yang disebut oleh Yusuf Qardhawi sebagai fiqih al-nawazil waqi’iyyah. Maslahat menjadi kajian para ulama klasik seperti ‘Izzuddin Abd al-Salam yang membahas panjang lebar tentang maslahat dan perannya dalam pembentukan hukum syara’, dan Najm al-Din al-Thufi yang mendahulukan maslahat daripada teks yang zhanni. Sayangnya, sebagian ulama kontemporer yang mengesampingkan teks dan berpegang pada maslahat saja sementara sebagaimana kata alQardhawi pemahaman teori mereka tentang maslahat belum benar dan hanya mengandalkan rasio. Padahal memang, hukum syara’ itu bersumber dari Tuhan tapi tujuannya untuk kemaslahatan manusia.
A Clinical Audit on the Compliance of Ultrasound Users to the Standard Operating Procedure of Ultrasonography in a Private Radiologic Academy
Authors: Yuliawati Y , Dioso P 
Published: November 2017

This clinical audit identified the compliance rate of ultrasound users to the standard operating procedures (SOP); and identified the factors that led to a compliance rate of ultrasound human users. The review was conducted for six days in a private radiologic academy in Indonesia. Only 23 subjects selected randomly were audited. Of the 23 participants, there were 11 males and 12 females. Of the 11 males, seven were compliant, and three were non-compliant. Of the 12 females, eight were compliant, and four were non-compliant. The factors that affect the compliance to the SOP were based on the skills of the participants. Another factor identified was the way the standard operating procedure communicated to the human users on how to perform the ultrasound. Further training was therefore planned.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Jute Mat Reinforced Epoxy Composites
Authors: Sadaf S.M , Siddik M , Ahsan Q 
Published: November 2017

Cellulose jute fibre offers a number of benefits as reinforcement for synthetic polymers since it has a high specific strength and stiffness, low hardness, relatively low density and biodegradability. To reduce moisture uptake and hence to improve the mechanical properties of the composites, bleached jute mats were incorporated as reinforcing elements in the epoxy matrix. Composites at varying volume fractions and different orientations of jute mat were fabricated by hot compression machine under specific pressures and temperatures. Tensile, flexure, impact and water absorption tests of composites were conducted. Jute mat oriented at (0 ± 45–90)° composites showed reduced strength compared to (0–90)° fibre mat composites. Impact strength and water uptake of high volume fraction jute mat reinforced composites was higher compared to that of lower volume fraction composites. Fracture surfaces of jute mat composites were analyzed under SEM. Fracture surface of (0–90)° jute mat oriented composites showed twisted fibres, while (0 ± 45–90)° jute mat oriented composites had fibre pull-out without any twisting. Overall, composites containing 52% jute mat at orientations of (0–90)° showed better properties compared to other fabricated composites.
Performance Evaluation of a UASB Reactor Using Dairy Wastes
Authors: Ali A , Khan S , Khan K.A 
Published: November 2017

A UASB reactor of 6-litre capacity, made of acryl material, was operated continuously for 20–22 weeks in three different phases, using actual dairy mill effluent at a constant mesophilic temperature and neutral pH. The dairy wastewater was highly alkaline, turbid and milky in colour with a bad odour. The average COD and BOD concentrations of the dairy mill effluent were observed to be 2945 mg/l and 1070 mg/l, respectively. Phase I was the start-up phase, with OLR of 0.13 g COD/l.d. SLR, effluent VFAs, effluent TSS, biogas production and methane composition observed during this phase were 1.4 g COD/g VSS.d, 1240 mg/l, 240 mg/l, 1.74 l/CODrem.d, and 62%, respectively. The overall observed biomass yield was found to be equal to 0.034 g VSS/g CODrem. During phase II,the optimum pH was determined to be 6.8–7.1. In the last phase, phase III, the effects of OLR and HRT were observed. The optimum OLR and HRT were observed to be 4.76 g COD/l.d and 16 h, respectively. Correspondingly the COD removal efficiency, effluent VFA and TSS concentrations, and the amount of biogas production were observed to be 78%, 770 mg/l, 300 mg/l and 2.07 l/CODrem.d, respectively. The results of this study suggest that a UASB reactor is an effective tool and viable option for reducing pollution from dairy mill effluent.
Ferromagnetic Order in the Intermetallic Alloys laNi5-xMgx
Authors: Ba D.N , Tai L.T , Trung N.T , Huy N.T 
Published: November 2017

The influences of the substitution of Ni with Mg on crystallographic and magnetic properties of the intermetallic alloys LaNi5-xMgx (x ≤ 0.4) were investigated. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed that all samples were of single phase, and the lattice parameters, a and c, decreased slightly upon chemical doping. LaNi5 is well known as an exchange-enhanced Pauli paramagnet. Interestingly, in LaNi5-xMgx, the ferromagnetic order existed even with a small amount of dopants; the Curie temperature reached the value of room temperature for x = 0.2, and enhanced with increasing x.
Nanoherbals in Human Healthcare: A Proposed Research and Development Roadmap I
Authors: Ahmad S , Hashim U 
Published: November 2017

Bioactive secondary metabolites derived from herbs are examined for their suitability of conversion into nanoforms having flexible morphological controls, surface stabilizations and surface functionalization. This can lead to stable chemical conjugations based on molecular recognition for their possible applications in the form of smart pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, cosmaceuticals and many other related areas of human healthcare using green chemistry routes. Using the principles of nanoscience and technology in association with genomics and proteomics, an attempt has been made to decipher whether a suitable form of drug discovery and targeted drug delivery like schemes arefeasible in case of such nano phytochemicals using various kinds of nanosize carriers and labelling molecules already identified in the course of investigations of contemporary single molecule drug developments. Additional efforts can clarify whether such species will be successful in the early detection of diseases based on marker molecules. Once identified, these green phytochemicals will certainly replace many hazardous chemical compounds by their environmentally friendly and sustainable forms in times to come.
Decision Making Processes for a Patient with Cardiac Pacemaker Admitted to the Accident and Emergency Undergoing Magnetic Resonance Imaging – A Case Study
Authors: Raditya F. P. 
Published: November 2017

This case study aims to apply the processes of decision-making for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a diagnostic examination for a patient with cardiac pacemaker admitted to a private hospital in the capital of Indonesia. It also aims to examine and evaluate the case of a 53-year-old mother who had a heart abnormality that has a pacemaker for one year and was diagnosed to do an MRI examination because of a suspected tumor on the wrist area.The three basic models of decision-making — the descriptive, prescriptive and normative — were applied. The prescriptive used the information processing theory, while the normative used decision trees as decision options and lastly, the descriptive used intuition and pattern recognition.Dominantly, the prescriptive model for decision-making is more appropriate for this case. The descriptive decision-making model, using intuition however, helped in supporting the intuitive hypothesis. Lastly, the normative model of decision-making played an important role but was not likely effective.
Chemical Precipitation and Coatings of Tin Selenide
Authors: Zainal Z , Saravanan N , Anuar K , Husein M.Z , Yunus W.M.M 
Published: November 2017

Tin selenide were prepared chemically in alkaline aqueous solution. The crystalline powder was coated onto microscope glass slides using polyvinyl alcohol solution. The coatings were subjected to annealing at various temperatures to study the effect towards the structure, morphology and composition of the material. The product prepared was characterised using various techniques. The photoresponse for the samples were also studied. The photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell configuration was p-SnSe | (0.01 M K4Fe(CN)6¾0.01 M K3Fe(CN)6.3H2O¾0.1 M Na2SO4| Pt).
Mesoporous Inorganic Membrane Reactor for Oxidative Coupling of Methane
Authors: May N.C , Mohamed A.R , Bhatia S 
Published: November 2017

The mesoporous inorganic membrane has been developed and characterized for oxidative coupling of methane reactions. In this research, g-alumina membrane was modified with Lanthanum. The membrane has shown thermal stability in prolonged exposure to the high-temperature application of 600-900°C. The results were confirmed by TGA and OCM experimentations. TGA results showed only 2-3% loss from an initial weight that is mainly due to evaporation of water and release of the nitrate compound. The membrane was also found stable for at least a month of operationwhile the catalyst was being regenerated to regain its activity. The SEM cross-sections show successful deposition of Lanthanum in spite of its non-uniform deposition layer and crack formation.
Enforcing authorizations while protecting access confidentiality
Authors: De Capitani di Vimercati Sabrina , Foresti Sara , Paraboschi Stefano , Pelosi Gerardo , Samarati Pierangela 
Published: November 2017

Cloud computing is the reference paradigm to provide data storage and management in a convenient and scalable manner. However, moving data to the cloud raises several issues, including the confidentiality of data and of accesses that are no more under the direct control of the data owner. The shuffle index has been proposed as a solution for addressing these issues when data are stored at an external third party. In this paper, we extend the shuffle index with support for access control, that is, for enforcing authorizations on data. Our approach is based on the use of selective encryption and on the organization of data and authorizations in two shuffle indexes. Owners regulate access to their data through authorizations that allow different users to access different portions of the data, while, at the same time, the confidentiality of accesses is guaranteed. The proposed approach also supports update operations over the outsourced data collection (i.e., insertion, removal, and update) as well as of the access control policy (i.e., grant and revoke). Also, our approach protects the nature of each access operation, making revoke operations and resource removal operations indistinguishable by the storing server and/or observing users.
Study of antidepressant effects of grape seed oil in male mice using tail suspension and forced swim tests
Authors: Rabiei Zahra , Naderi Sajad , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud 
Published: November 2017

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to investigate the antidepressant effects of grape seed oil in male mice (n=60) using tail suspension and forced swim tests. Mice were divided to six groups of 10 in each group. Group I: Intraperitoneally receiving normal saline; Group II: Received normal saline &amp; stress; Group III-V: Injected (i.p.) with different (60, 120, and 240 mg/kg) doses of grape seed oil; and Group VI: Received fluoxetine (10 mg/kg). Grape seed oil in 60 mg/kg significantly decreased immobility time in tail suspension and forced swim tests under chronic unpredictable stress compared to groups under chronic stress receiving normal saline and grape seed oil (120 and 240 mg/kg). Grape seed oil (60 mg/kg) significantly improved the motor balance in mice under chronic stress. It had no significant effect on serum corticosterone level. Grape seed oil can improve depression symptoms in mice.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>0 min 14 sec <a href="https://youtube.com/v/7JgyR4mTUOw">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://youtube.com/watch?v=7JgyR4mTUOw">Alternate</a></p>
Testing the Limits of Temporal Stability: Willingness to Pay Values among Grand Canyon Whitewater Boaters Across Decades
Authors: Neher Chris , Duffield John , Bair Lucas , Patterson David , Neher Katherine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe directly compare trip willingness to pay (WTP) values between 1985 and 2015 stated preference surveys of private party Grand Canyon boaters using identically designed valuation methods. The temporal gap of 30 years between these two studies is well beyond that of any tests of WTP temporal stability in the literature. Comparisons were made of mean WTP estimates for four hypothetical Colorado River flow level scenarios. WTP values from the 1985 survey were adjusted to 2015 levels using the consumer price index. Mean WTP precision was estimated through simulation. No statistically significant differences were detected between the adjusted Bishop et al. (1987) and the current study mean WTP estimates. Examination of pooled models of the data from the studies suggest that while the estimated WTP values are stable over time, the underlying valuation functions may not be, particularly when the data and models are corrected to account for differing bid structures and possible panel effects.