bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expert-lay interaction in jury trials (case study of closing arguments)
Authors: Krapivkina Olga A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study arises out of the intention to examine the features of expert-lay interaction in a jury trial. The paper studies closing arguments constructed by legal experts as possible worlds which would be attractive for jurors. Theory of possible worlds is employed to present discourse practices as versions of the real world which may overlap, supplement or contradict one another. Legal experts construe and present possible worlds to jury members who deliver verdicts on the case, i.e. possess decisional power. Efficient involvement of jurors into the possible world constructed by the legal expert signals formation of discourse of concord. In order to make their own possible world more credible than the world of the procedural opponents, legal experts employ different interaction tools: description of legal concepts, empathy, appeals to social values, imperative and question utterances, personalization.
Cluster and R&D Affecting the Competitive Advantage of the Mould and Die Sector in the Thai Automotive Industry
Authors: Fongsuwan Wanno , Chamsuk Wawmayura , Tawinunt Kanjana , Tiengtavaj Sirorath , Dansomboon Suwaj , Takala Josu 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study concerned clusters as well as research and development affecting the competitive advantage of the Thai automotive industry’s mould and die sector. The study of development, examination of the consistency of the structural equation model, and the direct influence of linkage and association of cluster, as well as research and development for competitive advantage of operational locations in the Thai automotive mould & die sector was carried out as well. Data was collected from 320 mould and die industry operators in Thailand with the goal of obtaining key information to align the business direction in response to market opportunities. An additional goal was to elevate the competitiveness of the Thai automotive mould and die industry toward positive growth and continual sustainability.
Distinguishing between juniper-flavoured spirit drinks from different producers
Authors: Uríčková Veronika , Dobóová Kinga , Sádecká Jana 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A simple method for classifying juniper-flavoured spirit drinks is proposed based on the ratio of fluorescence intensity values in synchronous fluorescence spectra. Receiver operating curves (ROC) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) were used to compute the performance of the classification. Significant differences in the fluorescence intensity ratios (I316/I287 and I324/I287) observed in the spectra recorded using wavelength difference 10 nm were evaluated by ROC analysis to identify cutoff values that gave ideal AUCs equal to one, thus allowing for 100% correct classification of the samples according to producer criteria. LDA showed that drinks of different producers could be distinguished (100% correct classification) on the basis of their differences in the fluorescence intensity ratios (I323/I287, I324/I287, I316/I287 and I325/I287). These results show that complete synchronous spectra are not required to discriminate between producers. Instead of them, fluorescence intensity could be measured at selected wavelengths.
Forces of Change: The Sculpting of a Reformer
Authors: Patterson Paige 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
With this article, Paige Patterson identifies six events in the life of Martin Luther that shaped the Reformer and ultimately affected the entire Reformation. By surveying Luther’s journey to Rome, his friendship with Johann von Staupitz, the Leipzig Disputation, the Diet of Worms, his year in Wartburg Castle, and his marriage to Katharina von Bora, Patterson’s goal is for his readers to gain a greater understanding of Martin Luther. In so doing, Patterson encourages his readers to consider the contribution of these events and the people involved to their own lives still today.
Preparation of Ag nanoparticles-reinforced polyamide 6 nanocomposites by in situ polymerization and investigation of its properties
Authors: Xu Qijie , Feng Xiantao , Liu Junhe , Gong Peijun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Polyamide 6 (noted as PA6)/Ag nanocomposites were prepared by an in situ solution polymerization method. AgNO3 was used as filler and was directly reduced to silver nanoparticles resulting in uniformly dispersed nanoparticles in the PA6 matrix. The thermal stability, crystallization, melting performance, and dispersion properties of the PA6/Ag nanocomposites were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential thermal scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and polarized light microscopy (POM). Furthermore, the mechanical and tribological behaviors of as-prepared nanocomposites were evaluated using universal tensile testing, impact testing, and friction testing machines. The results show that Ag-nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in PA6 and decrease in size with increasing Ag content. Whereas the crystallinity increased with increasing Ag content, the crystallization temperature of the nanocomposites did not change significantly. However, the mechanical and tribological properties of the nanocomposites increased compared with pure PA6.
Purification of the gas after pyrolysis in coupled plasma-catalytic system
Authors: Młotek Michał , Ulejczyk Bogdan , Woroszył Joanna , Walerczak Irmina , Krawczyk Krzysztof 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Gliding discharge and coupled plasma-catalytic system were used for toluene conversion in a gas composition such as the one obtained during pyrolysis of biomass. The chosen catalyst was G-0117, which is an industrial catalyst for methane conversion manufactured by INS Pulawy (Poland). The effects of discharge power, initial concentration of toluene, gas flow rate and the presence of the bed of the G-0117 catalyst on the conversion of C7H8, a model tars compounds were investigated. Conversion of coluene increases with discharge power and the highest one was noted in the coupled plasma-catalytic system. It was higher than that in the homogeneous system of gliding discharge. When applying a reactor with reduced G-0117 and CO (0.15 mol%), CO2 (0.15 mol%), H2 (0.30 mol%), N2 (0.40 mol%), 4000 ppm of toluene and gas flow rate of 1.5 Nm3/h, the conversion of toluene was higher than 99%. In the coupled plasma-catalytic system with G-0117 methanation of carbon oxides was observed.
Franchises Lost and Gained: Post-Coloniality and the Development of Women’s Rights in Canada
Authors: Skeet Charlotte Helen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe Canadian constitution is to some extent characterised by its focus on equality, and in particular gender equality. This development of women’s rights in Canada and the greater engagement of women as political actors is often presented as a steady linear process, moving forwards from post-enlightenment modernity. This article seeks to disturb this ‘discourse of the continuous,’ by using an analysis of the pre-confederation history of suffrage in Canada to both refute a simplistic linear view of women’s rights development and to argue for recognition of the Indigenous contribution to the history of women’s rights in Canada.The gain of franchise and suffrage movements in Canada in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century are, rightly, the focus of considerable study (Pauker 2015), This article takes an alternative perspective. Instead, it examines the exercise of earlier franchises in pre-confederation Canada. In particular it analyses why franchise was exercised more widely in Lower Canada and relates this to the context of the removal of franchises from women prior to confederation.
Surface roughness: A review of its measurement at micro-/nano-scale
Authors: Gong Yuxuan , Xu Jian , Buchanan Relva C. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe measurement of surface roughness at micro-/nano-scale is of great importance to metrological, manufacturing, engineering, and scientific applications given the critical roles of roughness in physical and chemical phenomena. The surface roughness of materials can significantly change the way of how they interact with light, phonons, molecules, and so forth, thus surface roughness ultimately determines the functionality and property of materials. In this short review, the techniques of measuring micro-/nano-scale surface roughness are discussed with special focus on the limitations and capabilities of each technique. In addition, the calculations of surface roughness and their theoretical background are discussed to offer readers a better understanding of the importance of post-measurement analysis. Recent progress on fractal analysis of surface roughness is discussed to shed light on the future efforts in surface roughness measurement.
Significance of Fines in Hot Mix Asphalt Synthesis
Authors: Kalaitzaki Elvira , Kollaros George , Athanasopoulou Antonia 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
According to their size, aggregates are classified in coarse grained, fine grained, and fines. The determination of fines content in aggregate materials is very simple and is performed through the aggregate washing during the sieving procedure to define the gradation curve. The very fine material consists of grains having a size lower than 63 μm. The presence of fines directly influences the composition and performance of concrete and asphalt mixtures (e.g. asphalt content, elasticity, fracture). The strength and load carrying capacity of hot mix asphalt (HMA) results from the aggregate framework created through particle-particle contact and interlock. Fines or mineral filler have a role in HMA. The coarse aggregate framework is filled by the sand-sized material and finally by the mineral filler. At some point, the smallest particles lose contact becoming suspended in the binder not having the particle-particle contact that is created by the larger particles. The overall effect of mineral filler in hot mix asphalt specimens has been investigated through a series of laboratory tests. It is clear that a behaviour influenced by the adherence of fines to asphalt film has been developed. The optimum bitumen content requirement in case of stone filler is almost the same as that for fly ash. It has been found that the percentage of fly ash filler is crucial if it exceeds approximately a value of 4%.
Considerations on the Benefits of Using Recyclable Materials for Road Construction
Authors: Popescu Diana , Burlacu Adrian 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A current worldwide economy problem includes both the responsible management of the planet's non-renewable resources and the waste management. The benefits of using recyclable materials and recycling technologies with asphalt mixtures consist mainly of reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. It is well known that oil (from which bitumen is obtained) is a non-renewable resource, hence the its price increase. Therefore, at present, the world is looking for solutions that will lead to a better use of natural resources and to an economic integration of sub-products from various industries. This paper intends to raise awareness of the possibilities for asphalt mixtures recycling and of the recyclable materials that can be used as additives with benefits of each.
The Problem of Developing Professional Mobility of Teachers in the Works of Foreign Scholars
Authors: Pavlenko Marina 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article analyzes the positions of foreign and domestic scholars on the problem of developing professional mobility of teachers. It has been stated that today professional mobility is a necessary component of training a skilled worker. It has been indicated that the teacher possesses an appropriate set of competences that provide an opportunity to be flexible, quickly orientate in the profession, to be competitive in the labor market, ready for further training, retraining and self-education. It has been specified that the factors that actualize these requirements are innovative processes in society; rapid aging of knowledge; the dependence of success in life on the level of education and profession; dynamism and rapid changes in the labor market requirements; the emergence of new professions and the disappearance of the obsolete ones. It has been justified that professional mobility is a complex, integrative, multifactorial entity. Professional mobility provides human development through the formation of key, general professional competencies; human activity, determined by events that change the environment (the result of the activity is self-realization of an individual both in the profession and in everyday life), the process of transformation by people not only themselves, but also their professional-life environment. It has been pointed out that mobility in the pedagogical sphere is determined by objective factors as well as in material production, its direction and intensity depends more on personal, subjective factors. The society is interested in such a specialist who is able to think independently and solve various problems, apply the knowledge gained in the learning process; possesses critical and creative thinking, formed in the process of education; knows how to acquire new knowledge, is capable of self-learning, self-education. It has been concluded that the perspectives for further researchers are seen in studying the problem of developing professional mobility of teachers in European experience.
Hydrological and hydraulic analysis of a small lowland watercourse flow capacity and its functioning in the region of Silesian Lowlands in the context of rainfall water management
Authors: Wiatkowski Mirosław , Gruss Łukasz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Hydrological and hydraulic analysis of a small lowland watercourse flow capacity and its functioning in the region of Silesian Lowlands in the context of rainfall water management. The built-up areas in the catchments of small lowland watercourses faced with the risk of particularly devastating natural hazards. This risk is especially prevalent in the mouth reaches. The increasingly intense extreme natural phenomena, such as violent floods and long lasting droughts, increase the importance of irrigation, drainage and hydraulic structures. This paper presents the results of a comprehensive hydrological and hydraulic analysis of the functioning of a small lowland watercourse flow capacity in the context of water management in its catchment. The case study discussed below is a proposal that could be used by both the specialists and the designers working in the field of water management. Methods are proposed for the determination of heavy rainfall in small ungauged agricultural catchments for the purpose of rainfall water management. The area under study consists of the lower reaches of R-4, a watercourse located in the agricultural village of Dobrzeń Wielki in the Opolskie province, the Upper Odra river basin. The authors have assessed the flow capacity of R-4 based on EN 752:2008 and carried out hydrological calculations for the area being analysed as well as hydraulic calculations for R-4. It was concluded, that the small lowland watercourse and the communication structures (culverts and pipelines) on its way indicated low flow capacity. Consequently, a rainfall water management concept was proposed for the water flowing in the watercourse. A small retention reservoir with a total capacity of 3,132 m3 and a surface area of 2,088 m2 was also proposed to be constructed. In order to calculate the water inflow to the reservoir the Bogdanowicz and Stachy formula was used. This model was selected because the maximum rainfall on agricultural land calculated from this formula meets the requirements of EN 752:2008. Moreover, this formula produced the highest runoff values compared to other models. The research carried out is in line with the goals of water management in rural areas, where the management model has changed.
Some geomechanical properties of a biopolymer treated medium sand
Authors: Wiszniewski Mateusz , Skutnik Zdzislaw , Biliniak Marcin , Çabalar Ali Firat 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Some geomechanical properties of a biopolymer treated medium sand. This paper presents a laboratory assessment of geomechanical properties of sandy soil improved by biopolymer application. Additives (biosubstance) consist of polysaccharides and water. Biosubstance used in the project was xanthan gum, which comes from bacteria Xanthomonas campestris. Triaxial shear compression tests and unconfined compression tests were carried out for investigation purposes. Amount of the biopolymer used in the samples was 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5%, on dry weight basis. It is thought that such application, which is a relatively new technique, could be used as a ground improvement and water seepage barrier, required to strengthen and protect some geotechnical works including foundation, underground structures and waste disposals. The results indicate that behavior of the soil changes rapidly based on the amount of biosubstance. Shear strength parameters have shown a significant increase, which gives a chance for further development and possible applications.
Analytical Solitary Wave Solution of the Dust Ion Acoustic Waves for the Damped Forced Korteweg–de Vries Equation in Superthermal Plasmas
Authors: Chatterjee Prasanta , Ali Rustam , Saha Asit 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Analytical solitary wave solution of the dust ion acoustic (DIA) waves was studied in the framework of the damped forced Korteweg–de Vries (DFKdV) equation in superthermal collisional dusty plasmas. The reductive perturbation technique was applied to derive the DKdV equation. It is observed that both the rarefactive and compressive solitary wave solutions are possible for this plasma model. The effects of κ and the strength (f
0) and frequency (ω) of the external periodic force were studied on the analytical solitary wave solution of the DIA waves. It is observed that the parameters κ, f
0 and ω have significant effects on the structure of the damped forced DIA solitary waves. The results of this study may have relevance in laboratory plasmas as well as in space plasmas.
Relationship Between Skating Economy and Performance During a Repeated-Shift Test in Elite and Subelite Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Lamoureux Nicholas R. , Tomkinson Grant R. , Peterson Benjamin J. , Fitzgerald John S. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Lamoureux, NR, Tomkinson, GR, Peterson, BJ, and Fitzgerald, JS. Relationship between skating economy and performance during a repeated-shift test in elite and subelite ice hockey players. J Strength Cond Res 32(4): 1109–1113, 2018—The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of skating economy to fatigue during repeated high-intensity efforts of a simulated ice hockey shift. Forty-five collegiate and Junior A male ice hockey players (aged 18–24 years) performed a continuous graded exercise test using a skate treadmill. Breath-by-breath data for oxygen consumption (V̇o
2) and respiratory exchange ratio were collected and used to derive energy expenditure (EE) averaged over the final 10 seconds of each stage. Economy was determined as the slope of the regression line relating V̇o
2 and EE against skating speed separately. Participants also completed 8 bouts of maximal ice skating through a course designed to simulate typical shift, with timing gates determining first half, second half, and total fatigue decrement, calculated by a percent decrement score. Partial correlation was used to determine the association between economy measures and decrement during the repeated-shift test. Twenty-six participants met inclusion criteria and were included in data analysis. Skating economy measures (both relative V̇o
2 and EE) were very likely moderate positive correlates of total fatigue decrement (r [95% confidence interval]: V̇o
2, 0.46 [0.09, 0.72] and EE, 0.44, [0.06, 0.71]) but not with first or second gate decrement. Our results indicate that skating economy plays an important role in fatigue resistance over repeated on-ice sprints designed to simulate a typical shift. This supports the use of technical skating coaching and training techniques to enhance skating economy as a means of improving ice hockey performance.
Traditional Versus Suspended Push-up Muscle Activation in Athletes and Sedentary Women
Authors: Syed-Abdul Majid M. , Soni Dhwani S. , Miller William M. , Johnson Ryan J. , Barnes Jeremy T. , Pujol Thomas J. , Wagganer Jason D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Syed-Abdul, MM, Soni, DS, Miller, WM, Johnson, RJ, Barnes, JT, Pujol, TJ, and Wagganer, JD. Traditional versus suspended push-up muscle activation in athletes and sedentary women. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1816–1820, 2018—Many strength training programs incorporate push-up exercises, which primarily activate upper-body muscles. Past data support the fact that shoulder girdle muscles (i.e., triceps (T) and anterior deltoids [AD]) exhibit greater electromyography (EMG) activity when a push-up is performed on an unstable (i.e., suspended [SP]) vs. stable (i.e., traditional [TD]) surface (2). Sixty-nine healthy female volunteers (soccer players [SO], n = 24; gymnasts [GY], n = 21; sedentary [SE], n = 24) performed three TD and three SP push-ups. Muscle activation, expressed as absolute integral (mV), was measured using EMG analysis. Significant increases in muscle activation were exhibited by GY (TD: p < 0.01 and SP: p < 0.001) and SO (TD: p < 0.05 and SP: p < 0.05) compared to SE for the T muscle. Only SO (p < 0.05) exhibited significantly higher muscle activation during the SP versus TD. For the AD, values were significantly higher for SO (TD: p < 0.001 and SP: p < 0.001) and GY (TD: p < 0.01 and SP: p < 0.01) compared to the SE group. In addition, significantly higher values were exhibited by SO compared with GY during TD push-ups (p < 0.01). Both the SO (p < 0.05) and GY (p < 0.05) group exhibited significantly higher values during SP versus TD push-ups. Finally, values were significantly higher for the AD compared to the T muscle only in the SO group during TD (p < 0.01) and SP (p < 0.05) push-ups. Data from this study for trained women (i.e., SO) are consistent with previous studies, whereas for untrained women (i.e., SE) the findings differed during TD and SP push-ups for both muscles. Differences were also observed between female SO and GY are unexplainable and therefore need further investigation.
Compaction Process Control of Asphalt Pavement
Authors: Gao Ying , Shi Yan , Zhang Liming , Li Hanguang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The quality of compaction is important to the performance of hot mixed asphalt (HMA) pavement. Most premature failures of asphalt pavement are the consequence of poor compaction. The process control method of compaction was studied here. The allowable compaction time of HMA pavement was estimated through field measurement and computer simulation. An instantaneous compaction procedure was recommended according the environment conditions and behaviors of compaction machines. The passing route of each roller was obtained using the global positioning system real-time kinematic technique. High quality compaction was achieved by controlling the operation of rollers. A pavement compaction process monitoring system was introduced to collect all the compaction information, such as the passing numbers of rollers, paving speed of pavers, and area of pavement not be compacted in time and so on. Alarm messages would be sent to roller operators, contractors, and managers when any improper operations occurred during compaction.