bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block versus oblique subcostal transverse abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia and stress response in inguinal herniorrhaphy
Authors: Ali Hani G. , Eldadamony Mohamed Zenat , Rashad Aly E. , Elatief Elneegery Naglaa A. 
Published: September 2024

Background
Hernia of the inguinal region is a common ailment that frequently necessitates surgical intervention. Inguinal hernia repair is linked to substantial pain after the surgery and a potential for the occurrence of persistent pain in the long run. The increased utilization of ultrasonography in anesthesiology departments has led to the development of novel regional block technology in clinical settings.

Aim
Compare between ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) and oblique subcostal transverse abdominis plane block (OSTAPB) for patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair regarding the quality of anesthesia as the primary outcome.

Patients and methods
Fifty-six patients were recruited and were randomized to receive ultrasound-guided ESPB or OSTAPB after induction of general anesthesia. The main outcome was the quality of anesthesia and the stress response (cortisol level) between the two techniques. The secondary outcomes were the duration of sensory block, changes in intraoperative hemodynamics, total amount of rescue analgesia, and incidence of complications.

Results
In the current study, at 8 and 12 h postoperative, the visual analog scale score was statistically significantly higher in the OSTAPB group. The percentage of cases that required rescue analgesia and the total dose of rescue analgesia were significantly higher in the OSTAPB group. After the surgery, the cortisol level was significantly higher in the OSTAPB group.

Conclusion
Ultrasound-guided ESPB improved analgesic control by decreasing postoperative pain score and reducing postoperative rescue analgesia intake. Also, the same technique was associated with lower stress response.
Efficacy of quadratus lumborum block as a relatively new analgesic technique in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgical repair
Authors: Abdelmaboud Ahmed M.A. , Ahmed Ahmed M. , Mousa Alhdad A. , Mahmoud Wael A. 
Published: September 2024

Study objective
To determine the analgesic efficacy of ultrasonographic guided transmuscular graduatus lumborum block (QLB) in patients undergoing open inguinal hernia surgery.

Design
Prospective randomized double-blinded study.

Methodology and interventions
This prospective randomized double-blinded study was carried out at Sohag University hospital, after local research ethical committee approval and obtaining informed written consent from all patients participating in the study or their guardians. A total of 50 patients (ASA grade I to II) were posted for open inguinal hernia surgery. All patients underwent the operation under general anesthesia. Then patients were randomly divided into two equal groups: group A (QLB group, N=25): were underwent a transmuscular QLB approach, after wound dressing with a single shot of a total volume of 20 ml of mixture (10 ml bupivacaine 0.5% and10 ml normal saline). Group B (control group N=2): patients received only general anesthesia with conventional intravenous analgesia.

Measurements
Pain intensity between groups was compared using the Visual Analog Score (VAS), furthermore, analgesic consumption (morphine and ketorolac) and additional rescue analgesic requirements were also calculated.

Results
Postoperative VAS scores at rest and during movement were significantly lower in group (QLB) A than the control group B at 1, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 h, the time of first rescue analgesia was significantly delayed in QLB group (15.8±3.94 h) than the control group (8.5±4.29 h). Number of patients required morphine was significantly different between both groups. Number of patients required ketorolac was significantly lower in QLB group than in the control group. Total morphine and ketorolac requirements were significantly lower in group A (2.5±0.71 mg, 75±25.1), respectively than those consumed by the control group B (4.7±0.49, 126±23.24), respectively.

Conclusions
QLB significantly improves the analgesic quality in patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair compared to the standard intravenous analgesia regimen.
Efficacy and feasibility of enhanced recovery after open renal surgery in Cairo University Hospital: a cohort study
Authors: Seif Nazmy E. , El Khouly Manar M. , Mansour Bassem R.K. , Salem Atef K.S. , Jaccoub Victor F. 
Published: September 2024

Aim
This study aimed to assess the efficacy of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) regarding the reduction of length of hospital stay, incidence of complications, and readmission rate in patients undergoing open renal surgery.

Settings and design
This cohort study was conducted at the theater for urological surgeries at the Cairo University Teaching Hospital.

Patients and methods
The patients received general anesthesia using the standard center preferences. General anesthesia was supplemented by regional anesthesia in the form of erector spinae plane block (ESPB). Then patients were awakened using the ERAS protocol. Sixty-five adult patients (aged 18–60 years) of both sexes who were scheduled for open renal surgery under general anesthesia were included in the study. Patients with an American Association of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II were eligible. The visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess the level of pain helping rapid recovery of all patients. Patients received ESPB after general anesthesia. Proper analgesia was assessed and evaluated to help patients with rapid ambulation and recovery. Days of hospital stay and postoperative pain were measured using the VAS score at specific intervals. In addition, the number of daily opioid doses administered, time to ambulation, time of indwelling nephrostomy tube and urethral catheter, and incidence of complications (secondary hemorrhage) were recorded.

Results
During our ERAS plan supplementing general anesthesia with ESPB in patients scheduled for open renal surgeries, VAS scores were significantly low which did not need extra analgesics in most cases, and the daily doses of nalbuphine required were significantly decreased. Early ambulation has shown a great improvement with a shorter hospital stay and early removal of drains and catheters with a lower incidence of complications.

Conclusions
ERAS is a multimodal approach to perioperative care that can be applied to any type of surgery, and it has been shown to improve patient recovery, reduce complications, enhance patient satisfaction, and lower hospitalization costs following open renal surgeries.
Degenerate fourfold Massey products over arbitrary fields
Authors: Merkurjev Alexander , Scavia Federico 
Published: September 2024

We prove that, for all fields

F

of characteristic different from 2 and all

a,b,c\in F^{\times}

, the mod 2 Massey product

\langle a,b,c,a\rangle

vanishes as soon as it is defined. For every field

F_{0}

, we construct a field

F

containing

F_{0}

and

a,b,c,d\in F^{\times}

such that

\langle a,b,c\rangle

and

\langle b,c,d\rangle

vanish but

\langle a,b,c,d\rangle

is not defined. As a consequence, we answer a question of Positselski by constructing the first examples of fields containing all roots of unity and such that the mod 2 cochain differential graded algebra of the absolute Galois group is not formal.
Stem cell transplantation in cerebrovascular accidents: A global bibliometric analysis (2000-2023)
Authors: Masri Jad El , Afyouni Ahmad , Ghazi Maya , Hamideh Karim , Moubayed Israe , Jurjus Abdo , Haidar Hanine , Petrosyan Ruzanna , Salameh Pascale , Hosseini Hassan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND
Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) is a major global contributor to death and disability. As part of its medical management, researchers have recognized the importance of promising neuroprotective strategies, where stem cell transplantation (SCT) is thought to confer advantages via trophic and neuroprotective effects.
AIM
To evaluate the current state of research on SCT in patients with CVA, assess key trends and highlight literature gaps.
METHODS
PubMed was screened for SCT in CVA-related articles in October 2023, for each country during the period between 2000 and 2023. Using the World Bank data, total population and gross domestic product were collected for comparison. VOSviewer_1.6.19 was used to create the VOS figure using the results of the same query. Graphs and tables were obtained using Microsoft Office Excel.
RESULTS
A total of 6923 studies were identified on SCT in CVA, making 0.03% of all published studies worldwide. Approximately, 68% were conducted in high-income countries, with a significant focus on mesenchymal stem cells. The journal “Stroke ” featured the largest share of these articles, with mesenchymal SCT having the highest rate of inclusion, followed by hematopoietic SCT. Over time, there has been a noticeable shift from in vitro studies, which assess stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis, to in vivo studies aimed at evaluating efficacy and safety. Additionally, the number of reviews increased along this approach.
CONCLUSION
This bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive guide for physicians and researchers in the field through an objective overview of research activity, and highlights both current trends and gaps. Having a potential therapeutic role in CVA, more research is needed in the future to focus on different aspects of SCT, aiming to reach a better treatment strategy and improve life quality in patients.
Design, synthesis, characterization, DFT, molecular docking, and in vitro screening of metal chelates incorporating Schiff base
Authors: A. Mustafa Nuha. , Ali Ahmed Sahbaa 
Published: September 2024

Hydrazones, with an azomethine -NHN=CH group, are extensively researched due to their easy preparation and numerous pharmaceutical benefits. A hydrazone derivative was formed by combining N,N-dimethyl amino benzaldehyde (1) and hydrazine hydrate (2), producing-4-(methanehydrazonoyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline (3). The final product (H1L) ligand was produced by reacting with ethyl acetate. The new complexes were formed by reacting Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) with the ligand in a 1M:2L molar ratio. Complexes were synthesized with high yields. Metal chelate structures were identified through elemental analyses, FT-IR, magnetic moment, XRD, and molar conductivity tests. According to FT-IR findings, the Schiff base ligand displayed neutral bidentate properties by binding with metal ions via the azomethine N and carbonyl O. Magnetic moment research indicated an octahedral structure and high electrolytic properties, with the exception of Co(II) and Zn(II) complexes, which were observed to be non-electrolytes. Theoretical calculations were performed using DFT. The synthesized complexes were tested for antibacterial activity against two types of Gram-positive bacteria: S. aureus and B. subtilis. Molecular docking analysis revealed information about the ligand's binding energy and interaction with the S. aureus receptor.
KEY WORDS: Hydrazinylidene, DFT, Antibacterial activity, Molecular docking
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1625-1638.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.10
Structural and antimicrobial properties of 3-[-2-(1,5-dimethy 3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3- dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) hydrazilidine]-1,3-diphenylpropane-1,3-dione and its Co(II), Fe(III), Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes
Authors: J. Agbo N. , O. Ukoha P. 
Published: September 2024

This work aims at synthesizing new hydrazone molecules with enhanced antibacterial capabilities. Diazotized 4-aminoantipyrine and 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-dione were coupled at around 5 oC to yield 3-[-2-(I,5-dimethy-3-oxo-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazol-4-yl) hydrazilidine]1,3-dione-1,3-diphenylpropane (HPDP). Its Co(II), Fe(III), Cu(II), and Ni(II) complexes were formed by refluxing stoichiometric amounts of chloride salts in separately with HPDP for 6 hours at 60 oC. HPDP and its complexes were characterized by means of spectroscopic techniques, conductivity, micro elemental analysis and melting point. Only HPDP X-ray diffraction spectral was obtained. The in-vitro antibacterial tests of compounds were done on Bacillus subtilis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli (Eco 6 and Eco 13), Staphylococcus aureus, Protus, Staphylococcus intermedius (G101), Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella Typhi. Spectroscopic studies show that HPDP is terdentately coordinated to the metal ion to form octahedral complexes with the acetyl, hydrazinyl nitrogen, and pyrazolone ring carbonyl groups. HPDP crystallized as monochronic with space group PbCa and unit dimensions a = 9.5528(8) Å, α = 90o; b = 19.6260(16) Å, b = 101.426(6)o; c = 12.058(10) Å, g = 90o for z = 4. Antimicrobial evaluations show that HPDP and [Ni(PDP)2] exhibited antibacterial activity against Salmonella. Typhi and Staphylococcus aureus up to the least concentration (0.31 μg/cm3), suggesting their potential for application as antibacterial drugs.
KEY WORDS: Selenium, Amino acids, Vitamin B3, Mixed ligand, Complexes, Antioxidant
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1691-1702.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.15
Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of metal complexes with N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-(pentyloxy) benzamide compound ligand
Authors: M. Faheem Shaimaa , A. Masoud Awatef , S. El-Tabl Abdou , H.  Gendia Marwa , M. Younes Sara 
Published: September 2024

New metal complexes of Mn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) of (N-(2-aminophenyl)-4-(pentyloxy) benzamide were prepared and characterized, discovering new compounds with therapeutic value against microbial ligand and it's complexes were characterized using various analytical techniques. The electron spin resonance spectra of complex (4), [(L)(Cu)(OAc)2(H2O)2].2H2O, complex (5), [(L)(Cu)(Br)2(H2O)2].2H2O showed axial octahedral structure however complex (10) [(L)(Cu)(SO4)(H2O)3].3H2O showed compressed tetragonal geometry and complex (9) [(L)(Mn)(Cl)2(H2O)2].H2O showed isotropic type the electronic spectra of copper(II) complexes (4), (5), (7) and (10) nearly showing bands at (240-270) nm, (300-380) nm, (420-573) nm and (610-770) nm ranges. For metal complexes, Mn(II) complex (2) is most sensitive complex against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, with 21, 25, 21, 22 mm, respectively inhibition zone whereas, Zn(II) complex (10) recorded the highest antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus aureus, The orders of the antimicrobial activity were Bacillus subtilis: Standard drug ˃ Mn(II) complex (2) ˃ Zn (II) complex (11) ˃ Cd(II) complex (6) ˃ Cu(II) complex (5, 7) ˃ Cu(II) complex (4) ˃ Cu(II) complex (10) ˃ The ligand [L] (1) where the standard drugs were kanamycin (positive controls) and ampicillin (negative control).
KEY WORDS: Metals complexes, Spectra, Magnetism, Antibacterial activity, Ampicillin
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1725-1742.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.18
Levels of heavy metals and physicochemical properties of honey from four selected areas of Ethiopia
Authors: Gashaw Workineh , Yohannes Weldegebriel , Singh Chandravanshi Bhagwan , Getachew Negash 
Published: September 2024

In this work, the qualities of honey samples were evaluated by assessment of some physicochemical parameters and levels of heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni, Zn and Cu). The honey samples were collected from the major producing regions of Ethiopia; Gojjam, Gondar, Jimma and Tigray. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC) of the samples were determined using digital pH-meter and conductivity meter, respectively. The metal contents were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The validity of the method employed was evaluated by spiking experiments with recoveries ranging from 90.0 to 95.8%. The FAAS results show higher concentration of Cu and Zn compared to other metals. The amount of Cu and Zn were in the range 6.2–18 μg/g and 4.2–10 μg/g. The heavy metals (Cd, Pb, Cr and Ni) were below detection limit in all the honey samples. Moreover, the result obtained regarding the physicochemical properties showed that the pH of all the honey samples were acidic (pH of 3.84–4.00), the EC 0.09–0.34 mScm-1 and the ash content 0.13–0.33%. The results obtained were in agreement with European standard and Codex Alimentarius, indicating the honey samples studied are of good quality and suitable for human consumption.
KEY WORDS: Honey, Heavy metals, Physicochemical properties, FAAS, Ethiopia
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1521-1531.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.2
Effect of HVOF parameter on titanium oxide (TiO2) coating characteristics on AZ81 magnesium alloy
Authors: Marimuthu Muthuraj , Thirumurugan Rama , Mohankumar Ashokkumar , Mariappan Mathanbabu 
Published: September 2024

High-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) coating to enhance the erosion, wear, and corrosion-resistant properties crucial for orthopedic applications. HVOF is distinguished for its capability to provide surfaces with a dense and superior finish. Porosity and hardness serve as vital process variables in assessing performance. This current study aims to optimize HVOF process parameters to minimize porosity values in titanium oxide (TiO2) coatings applied on AZ81 magnesium substrate. Oxygen flow, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) flow, coating material feed rate, and spray distance were selected due to their significant impact on the coating quality. Statistical techniques such as response surface methodology (RSM), analysis of variations, and design of experiments (DoE) were employed to obtain the necessary results. The findings indicate that LPG flow has the most significant influence on coating quality, followed by standoff distance, oxygen flow rate, and feed rate. The coating obtained using optimal spray parameters exhibits a lower surface porosity of 0.86 vol.% and achieves a greater hardness of 922 HV. This has been confirmed through validation via the response graph. Consequently, the optimized parameters for TiO2 deposit entail an oxygen flow rate of 266 lpm, an LPG flow rate of 68 lpm, a powder feed rate of 35 g/min, and a spray distance of 236 mm.
KEY WORDS: High-velocity oxy-fuel, Response surface methodology, Porosity, Hardness, AZ81 Magnesium alloy, Titanium oxide
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1869-1886.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.28
Analyzing cyclobutane: A vibrational hamiltonian approach using dynamical U(2) Lie Algebras
Authors: Jaliparthi Vijayasekhar Jaliparthi 
Published: September 2024

This study uses a one-dimensional Lie algebraic framework, precisely adapted to the symmetry of molecules, to investigate the vibrational frequencies of cyclobutane. A vibrational Hamiltonian is also constructed using one-dimensional Morse oscillators, preserving the D2d point group symmetry for each molecule. The analysis compares the calculated fundamental vibrational frequencies with the observed experimental frequencies, resulting in a root mean square deviation of 0.886 cm-1. The result highlights the exceptional precision of the U(2) Lie algebraic Hamiltonian in accurately predicting the vibrational frequencies and their combination bands at the sub-cm-1 level of precision. Specifically, this computational approach has the potential to achieve these results with lower computational costs compared to traditional theoretical approaches. The broader implications of our study suggest that the U(2) Lie algebraic framework can be effectively applied to a wide range of molecular systems, offering significant advantages in fields such as material science, drug design, and environmental monitoring by providing precise and efficient vibrational spectral analyses.
KEY WORDS: Vibrational Hamiltonian, Vibrational frequencies, Morse oscillator, Cyclobutane, Lie algebraic method
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1887-1896.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.29
Development and validation of RP-HPLC-PDA method for identification and quantification of major active constituent in Cynodon dactylon (L.) pers.
Authors: Lakshmipathy R. , Haridass D. , L. Balaji G. , Ali Daoud , Alarifi Saud 
Published: September 2024

In this research, two primary bioactive components were isolated from Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers, commonly known as Durva grass. A gradient reverse phase High performance liquid chromatography coupled to Photodiode array detector (RP-HPLC-PDA) technique was established to identify and quantify these major bioactive constituents in 70% hydroalcoholic extracts of Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers. The chromatographic separation was achieved using an RP-C18 column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 µm), Alliance (Waters) Empower3 liquid chromatography system, and a gradient mobile phase consisting of 5% acetic acid and acetonitrile. The flow rate was set at 1.2 mL/min, and a PDA detector at 320 nm was employed to analyze column effluents, targeting the active compounds' isotactic point. The retention times for the compounds p-coumeric and ferulic acid were determined as 24.11 and 31.52 min. The method exhibited linearity within the concentration range of 2–10 µg/mL, with regression coefficients of 0.998 and 0.9967 for the respective compounds. The mean recovery of p-coumeric and ferulic acid were found to between 102.64 and 109.44%. The RP-HPLC method was validated in accordance with ICH guidelines.
KEY WORDS: 4-Hydroxycinnamic acid, Durva grass, Bioactive, Liquid-liquid extraction, RP-HPLC
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1533-1542.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.3
Synthesis, characterization and bioactive evaluation of cobalt(II) and copper(II) complexes of {4-[5-(5-sulfanylidene-2,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl) furan-2-yl] phenyl} acetic acid
Authors: Meteab Khamees Nidhal , Jalil Ahmed Yusra , Al-Bayati Sinan , Alazawi Sarab , Rasheed Anaam 
Published: September 2024

A new triazole derivative was synthesized by three steps. The first step involve adding 2-carboxyaledhyed furan to the 4-amino phenyl acetic acid after converting the substituted aromatic amine to the diazanium salt. In the first stage, [4-(5-formylfuran-2-yl) phenyl] acetic acid is the title of product. The second step is adding the thiosemicarbazide to the [4-(5-formylfuran-2-yl) phenyl] acetic acid which it gives the (4-{5-[(2-carbamothioylhydrazinylidene) methyl] furan-2-yl} phenyl) acetic acid. A final compound with the title {4-[5-(15-sulfanylidene-2,5-dihydro-1H-1,32,4-triazol-3-yl) furan-22-yl] phenyl} acetic acid was produced as a result of adding sodium acetate and chloro ethyl acetate to the product from the second step in the presence of triethyl amine which is used as a ligand to prepare cobalt(II) and copper(II) complexes. The structures of synthesized compounds were identified through the utilization of diverse measures, these measurements were (UV-Vis spectrum, LC-MS technique, FT-IR spectrophotometer, conductivity measurements, GC-mass spectra and atomic absorption) and melting point measurement. The results confirmed that the complexes have octahedral geometry. The biological activity data for the synthesized compounds revealed that the ligand and its complexes had antibacterial activity.
KEY WORDS: Synthesis, Triazole derivatives, Cobalt(II) complex, Copper(II) complex, Biological evaluation
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(6), 1595-1607.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i6.8