bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF LARGE GRADUAL SOLAR ENERGETIC PARTICLE EVENTS. I. FE, O, AND SEED MATERIAL
Authors: Desai M. I. , Mason G. M. , Dayeh M. A. , Ebert R. W. , Mccomas D. J. , Li G. , Cohen C. M. S. , Mewaldt R. A. , Schwadron N. A. , Smith C. W. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We have surveyed ∼0.1–100 MeV nucleon−1 O and Fe fluence spectra during 46 isolated, large gradual SEP events observed at ACE during solar cycles 23 and 24. Most SEP spectra are well represented by the four-parameter Band function with a normalization constant, low-energy spectral slope, high-energy spectral slope, and break energy. The O and Fe spectral slopes are similar and most spectra steepen above the break energy, probably due to common acceleration and transport processes affecting different ion species. SEP spectra above the break energies depend on the origin of the seed population; larger contributions of suprathermal flare material result in higher Fe/O ratios and flatter spectra at higher energies. SEP events with steeper O spectra at low energies and higher break energies are associated with slower coronal mass ejections (CMEs), while those associated with fast (>2000 km s−1) CMEs and ground level enhancements have harder or flatter spectra at low and high energies, and O break energies between ∼1 and 10 MeV nucleon−1. The latter events are enriched in 3He and higher-energy Fe, and have Fe spectra that rollover at significantly lower energies compared with O, probably because Fe ions with smaller Q/M ratios can escape from the distant shock more easily than O ions with larger Q/M ratios. We conclude that SEP spectral properties result from many complex and competing effects, namely Q/M-dependent scattering, shock properties, and the origin of the seed populations, all of which must be taken into account to develop a comprehensive picture of CME-driven shock acceleration of large gradual SEP events.
YOUNG “DIPPER” STARS IN UPPER SCO AND OPH OBSERVED BY K2
Authors: Ansdell M. , Gaidos E. , Rappaport S. A. , Jacobs T. L. , LaCourse D. M. , Jek K. J. , Mann A. W. , Wyatt M. C. , Kennedy G. , Williams J. P. , Boyajian T. S. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We present ten young (≲10 Myr) late-K and M dwarf stars observed in K2 Campaign 2 that host protoplanetary disks and exhibit quasi-periodic or aperiodic dimming events. Their optical light curves show ∼10–20 dips in flux over the 80-day observing campaign with durations of ∼0.5–2 days and depths of up to ∼40%. These stars are all members of the ρ Ophiuchus (∼1 Myr) or Upper Scorpius (∼10 Myr) star-forming regions. To investigate the nature of these “dippers” we obtained: optical and near-infrared spectra to determine stellar properties and identify accretion signatures; adaptive optics imaging to search for close companions that could cause optical variations and/or influence disk evolution; and millimeter-wavelength observations to constrain disk dust and gas masses. The spectra reveal Li i absorption and Hα emission consistent with stellar youth (<50 Myr), but also accretion rates spanning those of classical and weak-line T Tauri stars. Infrared excesses are consistent with protoplanetary disks extending to within ∼10 stellar radii in most cases; however, the sub-millimeter observations imply disk masses that are an order of magnitude below those of typical protoplanetary disks. We find a positive correlation between dip depth and WISE-2 (Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer-2) excess, which we interpret as evidence that the dipper phenomenon is related to occulting structures in the inner disk, although this is difficult to reconcile with the weakly accreting aperiodic dippers. We consider three mechanisms to explain the dipper phenomenon: inner disk warps near the co-rotation radius related to accretion; vortices at the inner disk edge produced by the Rossby Wave Instability; and clumps of circumstellar material related to planetesimal formation.
WEIGHING STARS: THE IDENTIFICATION OF AN EVOLVED BLUE STRAGGLER STAR IN THE GLOBULAR CLUSTER 47 TUCANAE*
Authors: Ferraro F. R. , Lapenna E. , Mucciarelli A. , Lanzoni B. , Dalessandro E. , Pallanca C. , Massari D. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Globular clusters are known to host peculiar objects named blue straggler stars (BSSs), significantly heavier than the normal stellar population. While these stars can be easily identified during their core hydrogen-burning phase, they are photometrically indistinguishable from their low-mass sisters in advanced stages of the subsequent evolution. A clear-cut identification of these objects would require the direct measurement of the stellar mass. We used the detailed comparison between chemical abundances derived from neutral and from ionized spectral lines as a powerful stellar “weighing device” to measure stellar mass and to identify an evolved BSS in 47 Tucanae. In particular, high-resolution spectra of three bright stars, located slightly above the level of the “canonical” horizontal branch (HB) sequence in the color–magnitude diagram of 47 Tucanae, have been obtained with the UVES spectrograph. The measurements of iron and titanium abundances performed separately from neutral and ionized lines reveal that two targets have stellar parameters fully consistent with those expected for low-mass post-HB objects, while for the other target the elemental ionization balance is obtained only by assuming a mass of

, which is significantly larger than the main sequence turn-off mass of the cluster (

). The comparison with theoretical stellar tracks suggests that this is a BSS descendant possibly experiencing its core helium-burning phase. The large applicability of the proposed method to most of the globular clusters in our Galaxy opens the possibility to initiate systematic searches for evolved BSSs, thus giving access to still unexplored phases of their evolution.
EVIDENCE FOR GAS FROM A DISINTEGRATING EXTRASOLAR ASTEROID*
Authors: Xu (许偲艺) S. , Jura M. , Dufour P. , Zuckerman B. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We report high-resolution spectroscopic observations of WD 1145+017—a white dwarf that was recently found to be transitted by multiple asteroid-sized objects within its tidal radius. We discovered numerous circumstellar absorption lines with linewidths of ∼300 km s−1 from Mg, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni, possibly from several gas streams produced by collisions among the actively disintegrating objects. The atmosphere of WD 1145+017 is polluted with 11 heavy elements, including O, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V:, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Ni. Evidently, we are witnessing the active disintegration and subsequent accretion of an extrasolar asteroid.
SLOW QUENCHING OF STAR FORMATION IN OMEGAWINGS CLUSTERS: GALAXIES IN TRANSITION IN THE LOCAL UNIVERSE
Authors: Paccagnella A. , Vulcani B. , Poggianti B. M. , Moretti A. , Fritz J. , Gullieuszik M. , Couch W. , Bettoni D. , Cava A. , D’Onofrio M. , Fasano G. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The star formation quenching depends on environment, but a full understanding of what mechanisms drive it is still missing. Exploiting a sample of galaxies with masses

, drawn from the WIde-field Nearby Galaxy-cluster Survey (WINGS) and its recent extension OMEGAWINGS, we investigate the star formation rate (SFR) as a function of stellar mass (M

) in galaxy clusters at

. We use non-member galaxies at 0.02 < z < 0.09 as a field control sample. Overall, we find agreement between the SFR–M

relation in the two environments, but detect a population of cluster galaxies with reduced SFRs, which is rare in the field. These transition galaxies are mainly found within the cluster virial radius (R
200), but they impact on the SFR–M

relation only within 0.6R
200. The ratio of transition to pure star-forming galaxies strongly depends on environment, being larger than 0.6 within 0.3R
200 and rapidly decreasing with distance, while it is almost flat with M
*. As galaxies move downward from the SFR–M

main sequence, they become redder and present older luminosity- and mass-weighted ages. These trends, together with the analysis of the star formation histories, suggest that transition galaxies have had a reduced SFR for the past 2–5 Gyr. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the interaction of galaxies with the intracluster medium via strangulation causes a gradual shut down of star formation, giving birth to an evolved population of galaxies in transition from being star forming to becoming passive.
CHEMISTRY OF FROZEN SODIUM–MAGNESIUM–SULFATE–CHLORIDE BRINES: IMPLICATIONS FOR SURFACE EXPRESSION OF EUROPA’S OCEAN COMPOSITION
Authors: Vu Tuan H. , Hodyss Robert , Choukroun Mathieu , Johnson Paul V. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The composition of Europa’s subsurface ocean is a critical determinant of its habitability. However, our current understanding of the ocean composition is limited to its expression on the surface. This work investigates experimentally the composition of mixed sodium–magnesium–sulfate–chloride solutions when frozen to 100 K, simulating conditions that likely occur as ocean fluids are emplaced onto Europa’s surface. Micro-Raman spectroscopy is used to characterize phase composition of the frozen brines at 100 K. Our results show that solutions containing Na+, Cl−, Mg2+, and

preferentially crystallize into Na2SO4 and MgCl2 hydrated minerals upon freezing, even at elevated [Mg2+]/[Na+] ratios. The detection of epsomite (MgSO4•7H2O) on Europa’s surface, if confirmed, may thus imply a relatively sodium-poor ocean composition or a radiolytic process that converts MgCl2 to MgSO4 as suggested by Brown & Hand. The formation of NaCl on the surface, while dependent upon a number of factors such as freezing rate, may indicate an ocean significantly more concentrated in sodium than in magnesium.
COMET 67P/CHURYUMOV–GERASIMENKO: CLOSE-UP ON DUST PARTICLE FRAGMENTS
Authors: Hilchenbach M. , Kissel J. , Langevin Y. , Briois C. , Hoerner H. von , Koch A. , Schulz R. , Silén J. , Altwegg K. , Colangeli L. , Cottin H. , Engrand C. , Fischer H. , Glasmachers A. , Grün E. , Haerendel G. , Henkel H. , Höfner H. , Hornung K. , Jessberger E. K. , Lehto H. , Lehto K. , Raulin F. , Roy L. Le , Rynö J. , Steiger W. , Stephan T. , Thirkell L. , Thomas R. , Torkar K. , Varmuza K. , Wanczek K.-P. , Altobelli N. , Baklouti D. , Bardyn A. , Fray N. , Krüger H. , Ligier N. , Lin Z. , Martin P. , Merouane S. , Orthous-Daunay F. R. , Paquette J. , Revillet C. , Siljeström S. , Stenzel O. , Zaprudin B. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The COmetary Secondary Ion Mass Analyser instrument on board ESA's Rosetta mission has collected dust particles in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. During the early-orbit phase of the Rosetta mission, particles and particle agglomerates have been imaged and analyzed in the inner coma at distances between 100 km and 10 km off the cometary nucleus and at more than 3 AU from the Sun. We identified 585 particles of more than 14 μm in size. The particles are collected at low impact speeds and constitute a sample of the dust particles in the inner coma impacting and fragmenting on the targets. The sizes of the particles range from 14 μm up to sub-millimeter sizes and the differential dust flux size distribution is fitted with a power law exponent of −3.1. After impact, the larger particles tend to stick together, spread out or consist of single or a group of clumps, and the flocculent morphology of the fragmented particles is revealed. The elemental composition of the dust particles is heterogeneous and the particles could contain typical silicates like olivine and pyroxenes, as well as iron sulfides. The sodium to iron elemental ratio is enriched with regard to abundances in CI carbonaceous chondrites by a factor from ∼1.5 to ∼15. No clear evidence for organic matter has been identified. The composition and morphology of the collected dust particles appear to be similar to that of interplanetary dust particles.
Impact of Low-Level Viraemia on Virological Failure in HIV-1-Infected Patients with Stable Antiretroviral Treatment
Authors: Navarro Jordi , Caballero Estrella , Curran Adrian , Burgos Joaquin , Ocaña Inma , Falcó Vicenç , Torrella Ariadna , Pérez Mercè , Ribera Esteban , Crespo Manuel 
Published: January 2016

Background Low-level viraemia (LLV) occurs in 20–40% of patients achieving viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy (ART). The risk of virological failure (VF: confirmed HIV RNA >200 copies/ml) in these patients is still a matter of debate. Methods This is a prospective cohort study in HIV-infected adults attending the HIV clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Spain. Patients with HIV RNA <25 copies/ml and stable ART for at least 6 months presenting LLV (defined as HIV RNA between 25–1,000 copies/ml) from January 2011 to January 2013 were included and followed until VF or end of follow-up in June 2014. Results A total of 300 out of 1,733 (17.3%) patients with undetectable viraemia for 4.2 years showed LLV: 25–50 copies/ml in 167 (55.7%) patients, 51–200 copies/ml in 111 (37%) and 201–1,000 copies/ml in 22 (7.3%) cases. After a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 23 (7.7%) patients presented VF. No patient with a single or multiple unconfirmed LLV went on to develop VF. HIV RNA >200 copies/ml (HR 59.6; 95% CI 15.7, 227), ritonavir-boosted protease inhibtor (PI/r)-based dual therapy (HR 10.2; 95% CI 2.1, 49.8) and PI/r monotherapy (HR 7.9; 95% CI 1.4, 43.3) were associated with VF. Persistent LLV, defined as HIV RNA <200 copies/ml in at least three consecutive samples, for at least 12 weeks, was detected in 27 (1.6%) patients and 14 (51.9%) of those evolved to VF. Conclusions Nearly one-fifth of patients on suppressive ART showed LLV and 8% of them developed VF. HIV RNA >200 copies/ml was the strongest predictor of VF. Over half of patients with persistent viraemia <200 copies/ml showed VF.
Pithana, an Anatolian ruler in the time of Samsuiluna of Babylon: New data from Tell Rimah (Iraq)
Authors: Lacambre Denis , Nahm Werner 
Published: January 2016

Une nouvelle lecture d’un sceau paléo-babylonien de Tell Rimah (l’ancienne Qaṭṭarā) permet de déterminer qu’Ilī-Samas était un serviteur de Pithana. Il s’agit certainement du roi anatolien de Kuššara, qui s’est emparé de Kaniš (Kültepe) et qui est une des figures fondatrices de l’Empire hittite. Le fait qu’une tablette scellée par Ilī-Samas ( OBTR 317) soit datée par l’éponyme Uṣur-ša-Aššur (KEL G 131) permet de constater que Pithana est contemporain des années 22/23 de Samsu-iluna (soit 1728/1727 av. J.-C. selon la « chronologie moyenne haute »). Nous avons désormais un nouveau synchronisme entre la chronologie anatolienne et la chronologie babylonienne qui nous permet d’éclairer d’un jour nouveau cette période jusqu’ici obscure.
Le fil de soi
Authors: Garon Josette 
Published: January 2016

Un délire paranoïaque peut s’avérer une « solution » à un trauma précoce qui pervertit les processus identificatoires et détruit l’identité même d’un être. Il représente un défi pour l’analyste, souvent une entrave à la pensée. Entre chaos et vide, vie et mort, amour et haine, l’analyse, elle-même traumatique, nous oblige alors à réouvrir constamment nos questions cliniques et théoriques, et peut parfois permettre de retrouver un fil de soi(e) rompu.
Ferenczi et les systèmes maltraitants. Bifurcation épistémologique des années 1930
Authors: Sabourin Pierre 
Published: January 2016

Entre 1929 et 1932, la psychanalyse a vécu une bifurcation théorique dont Sándor Ferenczi a été le promoteur. Son Journal clinique publié seulement en 1985 en est le témoignage. Dans ce travail, nous avons examiné, à la lumière de notre clinique d’aujourd’hui, les principaux moments de cette évolution, soit les concepts originaux qu’il a su désigner et commenter. Il y est question des positions passionnelles des parents par rapport à leurs enfants, dans une homéostasie du système familial. Le tabou de l’inceste est si puissant que dès qu’un enfant essaye de faire comprendre ce qui lui est arrivé, la réponse qu’il reçoit est qu’il est un menteur : c’est le désaveu par sa mère. Associé aux menaces de mort de la part de l’abuseur, le piège se referme sur cet enfant-victime. Les conséquences sont gravissimes, avec les syndromes dépressifs et les répétitions d’une génération à l’autre, conséquence de l’identification inconsciente à l’agresseur. Nos efforts thérapeutiques pour prendre en charge ces systèmes familiaux maltraitants sont mis au point au Centre des Buttes-Chaumont, sous la forme d’un cadre spécifique : la thérapie familiale de réseau.
La grande exploitation, la ville et les agronomes. Dynamiques et stratégies de production au domaine d’Avully-en-Genevois à la fin du xviii e siècle
Authors: Delleaux Fulgence 
Published: January 2016

L’objectif de cet article est de saisir l’impact de la croissance démographique de Genève et les nouvelles habitudes alimentaires de ses habitants à la fin du xviii e siècle sur le fonctionnement d’un grand domaine agricole voisin. Jacques-André Mallet, grand exploitant au village d’Avully, est incité à mettre en adéquation ses différentes productions et techniques agricoles avec la nouvelle donne du marché urbain genevois. Les écrits de Mallet permettent de restituer précisément les modalités et le degré de ces diverses transformations et de constater également que celles-ci sont encouragées et confortées par des lectures d’ouvrages d’agronomie. Des ouvrages qui se diffusent au même moment et dont on mesure désormais l’attention réelle que leur porte un membre de l’élite agricole.
La monnaie est-elle utile ?
Authors: Grosgeorge Marie , Martin Gilles 
Published: January 2016

L’usage de la fiction du troc dans de nombreuses analyses économiques signale l’ambivalence du statut de la monnaie : insignifiante pour elle-même, mais incontournable en pratique. Les économistes définissent généralement la monnaie par ses trois fonctions et débattent de la réduction de son utilité à la fonction d’intermédiaire des échanges. Le déplacement du regard sur la nature sociale de la monnaie met au jour une autre forme d’utilité : la monnaie serait à la fois produit et productrice de relations sociales, symptôme et médium du lien social entre les individus.
Sauver la critique, défendre les critiques. Les stratégies d’un porte-parole : l’Association syndicale professionnelle et mutuelle de la critique dramatique et musicale (France, 1877-1914)
Authors: Mayaud Isabelle 
Published: January 2016

Résumé Le Cercle de la critique musicale et dramatique fondé en 1877 et transformé en 1902 en Association syndicale professionnelle et mutuelle est le premier représentant auto-proclamé de la profession. Cet article revient sur les premières années d’existence du groupe et examine les stratégies de regroupement déployées par le collectif dans un contexte de transformation de la morphologie sociale de la population des critiques. Notre enquête montre comment la négociation des statuts contribue à préciser la position du groupe dans la controverse relative à la régulation de la critique et à circonscrire les frontières de la vraie critique , en définitive à produire une définition des critiques légitimes .
La critique en portraits : Camille Delaville et ses contemporaines
Authors: Rogers Juliette M. 
Published: January 2016

Résumé Cet article traite d’une forme singulière de critique d’art, celle proposée par la journaliste et romancière Camille Delaville dans une série d’articles consacrés aux parcours et aux œuvres de différentes femmes, artistes ou écrivains, de cette époque. Cette série, intitulée « Mes Contemporaines », est publiée en 1887 dans le Le Constitutionnel . On se propose ainsi, dans ce texte, d’étudier la manière singulière dont procède Delaville dans cette « critique en portraits », bien différente du format traditionnel des comptes rendus de Salon publiés par centaines dans les journaux tout au long du siècle.
La lithographie passée en revues : entre controverses politiques et enjeux esthétiques
Authors: Brouwers Gervaise 
Published: January 2016

Résumé L’apparition de la lithographie, qui permet d’imprimer des dessins à partir de supports en pierre, révolutionne les techniques de l’estampe. Dès 1817, ses productions envahissent les rues. Mais hormis un compte rendu à l’Académie, relayé par certaines publications périodiques, ce procédé est quasiment ignoré des rubriques artistiques jusqu’en 1823. Ce mépris s’explique d’abord par la faible qualité de la plupart des dessins produits. Mais surtout, les thématiques (la nostalgie de l’épopée napoléonienne) et les genres (la caricature, les scènes populaires) qu’elle aborde gênent la propagande officielle de Louis XVIII, qui contrôle les principaux journaux et fait tout pour museler la presse d’opposition. Les lithographes s’écartent donc de la voie de la contestation. C’est en représentant les paysages romantiques qu’ils révèlent l’identité esthétique de l’impression sur pierre et trouvent leur place dans les colonnes artistiques des journaux.
IL-4 Inhibits the Biogenesis of an Epigenetically Suppressive PIWI-Interacting RNA To Upregulate CD1a Molecules on Monocytes/Dendritic Cells
Authors: Zhang Xue , He Xin , Liu Chao , Liu Jun , Hu Qifei , Pan Ting , Duan Xiaobing , Liu Bingfeng , Zhang Yiwen , Chen Jingliang , Ma Xingru , Zhang Xu , Luo Haihua , Zhang Hui 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe discovery of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) revealed the complexity of the RNA world. Although piRNAs were first deemed to be germline specific, substantial evidence shows their various roles in somatic cells; however, their function in highly differentiated immune cells remains elusive. In this study, by initially screening with a small RNA deep-sequencing analysis, we found that a piRNA, tRNA-Glu–derived piRNA [td-piR(Glu)], was expressed much more abundantly in human monocytes than in dendritic cells. By regulating the polymerase III activity, IL-4 potently decreased the biogenesis of tRNA-Glu and, subsequently, td-piR(Glu). Further, we revealed that the td-piR(Glu)/PIWIL4 complex recruited SETDB1, SUV39H1, and heterochromatin protein 1β to the CD1A promoter region and facilitated H3K9 methylation. As a result, the transcription of CD1A was significantly inhibited. Collectively, we demonstrated that a piRNA acted as the signal molecule for a cytokine to regulate the expression of an important membrane protein for lipid Ag presentation.