bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy is a viable option in young patients with advanced arthritis in a long‐term follow‐up
Authors: Gkekas Nifon K. , Komnos George A. , Mylonas Theodoros , Chalatsis Georgios , Koutalos Antonios A. , Hantes Michael E. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of medial open wedge high tibial osteotomy (MOWHTO) as a treatment option for advanced medial compartment knee osteoarthritis (OA) Kellgren–Lawrence (K‐L) III and IV.MethodsPatients with severe medial compartment arthritis, who underwent MOWHTO with locking plate between 2003 and 2015, were retrospectively reviewed. A locking plate for the osteotomy was utilized. Preoperative and postoperative patients’ evaluation was performed using the International Knee Documentation Committee Score (IKDC), the Oxford Knee Score (OKS), the Knee Injury Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the Short Form‐12 Score (SF‐12). Standardized standing whole‐limb X‐rays were taken to evaluate the mechanical tibiofemoral angle (mTFA) and proximal medial tibial angle (PMTA), and the severity of OA.ResultsA total of 32 patients, 35 knees (27 males, five females) of which 21 were classified as K‐L Grade III and 14 as K‐L Grade IV, and mean age 47.1 ± 9.17 years old, who were followed for 13.6 years (range 7–20 years), were included in the study. During the follow‐up period, three knees required conversion to total knee replacement (91.5% survival rate). All clinical outcome scores (KOOS, OKS, IKDC and SF‐12) showed a significant improvement compared to preoperative status (p < 0.05). Preoperative mTFA and PMTA were significantly corrected immediately after surgery and retained this improvement at the last follow‐up.ConclusionMOWHTO with a locking plate is an effective method to treat severe medial compartments. Clinical and radiological results are satisfactory and the survival rate is 91.5%, at a mean follow‐up of 13.6 years after the procedure.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Dysregulated BCL9 Controls Tumorigenicity and Ferroptosis Susceptibility by Binding With Nrf2 in Thyroid Carcinoma
Authors: Wang Bin , Yao Zhihao , Wang Zhenhua , Yao Shenzhen , Cen Xiaoxia , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThyroid carcinoma (TC) is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system with increasing incidence. In this study, we found that BCL9 is markedly upregulated in human TC tumors and its expression is positively corrected with the process of TC. Functionally, we found that overexpression of BCL9 promoted the proliferation and migration of TC cells, while reduced the sensitivity of TC cells to ferroptosis, a form of cell death driven by iron‐dependent lipid peroxidation and implicated as a novel cancer therapeutic strategy. Mechanistically, the co‐immunoprecipitation assay determined that BCL9 could bind to Nrf2 which has been confirmed to play an important role in ferroptosis. Furthermore, we demonstrated that silence of BCL9 could decrease Nrf2 expression, and then affect the expression of the downstream genes of Nrf2, ultimately induce ferroptosis. Importantly, we confirmed the effects of BCL9 on TC tumors in vivo. Overall, this study unveils the functional role and clinical significance of BCL9 in TC progression, and highlights the potential of targeting BCL9/Nrf2 ferroptosis axis as a novel therapeutic strategy for TC treatment.
Numerical investigation of drag reduction effects on a track bicycle fork using wings with a wavy leading edge
Authors: Klein Marten , Kessler Robert William , Schmidt Heiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) and large‐eddy simulations (LES) of the flow around wings with a wavy leading edge (WLE) are conducted in order to assess the capabilities of a passive flow control strategy for drag reduction. The intended application is indoor track cycling with controlled flow conditions. A section of a single fork rod is investigated in order to make the numerical simulations feasible. The present study reveals that net drag reduction is possible by a nonsinusoidal modification of the leading edge of the wing. However, the drag reduction effect remains limited to a few percent. While RANS and LES yield the same drag coefficient for a reference case, RANS underestimates the drag reduction effect for a longer wing and the WLE cases, but exhibits otherwise a qualitatively similar trend as the LES. With the aid of RANS, an optimal geometry is obtained defined by the wavelength‐to‐chord length ratio of and the amplitude‐to‐chord length ratio of . Corresponding LES results give an indication of the origin of drag reduction by a hampered vortex shedding. The generation of smaller and more streamwise oriented vortical flow structures at the trailing edge and behind the WLE wing is correlated with significantly reduced lift fluctuations and drag reduction.
Combination effect of Mepolizumab and Endobronchial Watanabe Spigot (EWS) in drug‐induced eosinophilic pneumonia complicated by refractory pneumothorax
Authors: Ayame Nana , Tanabe Yuki , Motojima Mai , Tachi Ryosuke , Makino Fumihiko , Oh Shiaki , Sasaki Shinichi , Takahashi Kazuhisa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFew reports have described the treatment of eosinophilic pneumonia (EP) complicated by refractory pneumothorax. A 62‐year‐old man with a medical history of ulcerative colitis who was undergoing maintenance treatment presented with fever, cough, and diffuse bilateral consolidation on chest radiography. Laboratory findings showed peripheral eosinophilia, and he was hospitalized with a diagnosis of drug‐induced EP and started on corticosteroid therapy. During the course, he developed refractory pneumothorax, and it was difficult to control the air leakage. As it was necessary to control the eosinophilic inflammation and air leakage, mepolizumab, a humanized anti‐interleukin‐5 monoclonal antibody, and an endobronchial Watanabe spigot (EWS), were introduced. After EWS insertion, the leakage of the refractory pneumothorax disappeared. The patient continued to have no recurrence of EP or pneumothorax after the removal of the EWS. The combination of mepolizumab and an EWS may be effective in cases of EP complicated by refractory pneumothorax.
Initial Experience of Robot Assisted Laparoscopic Pyeloplasty for Ureteropelvic Junction Obstruction Using the Hinotori Surgical Robot System
Authors: Tobe Taisuke , Terakawa Tomoaki , Ueki Hideto , Hara Takuto , Shiraishi Yusuke , Wakita Naoto , Okamura Yasuyoshi , Suzuki Kotaro , Bando Yukari , Chiba Koji , Teishima Jun , Nakano Yuzo , Miyake Hideaki 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the perioperative outcomes of robot‐assisted laparoscopic pyeloplasty (RLP) using the recently launched hinotori surgical robot system.MethodsThis retrospective study compared the perioperative outcomes of 11 consecutive patients who underwent RLP with the hinotori surgical robot system from October 2022 to March 2024 (hinotori group) and 30 consecutive patients who underwent RLP with the da Vinci system from March 2019 to September 2022 (da Vinci group).ResultsThe patient characteristics of the groups were similar. The median operative times in the hinotori and da Vinci groups were 236.0 and 231.5 min, respectively (p = 0.480). The success rates were 100.0% and 96.7%, respectively (p = 1.000). Clavien‐Dindo grade ≥ 3 complications occurred in one patient (9.1%) in the hinotori group and one patient (3.3%) in the da Vinci group (p = 0.470).ConclusionsThe perioperative outcomes in the hinotori group were not inferior to those in the da Vinci group.
Autoantibodies in COVID‐19 and Other Viral Diseases: Molecular, Cellular, and Clinical Perspectives
Authors: Chatterjee Srijan , Bhattacharya Manojit , Saxena Sanskriti , Lee Sang‐Soo , Chakraborty Chiranjib 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAutoantibodies are immune system‐produced antibodies that wrongly target the body's cells and tissues for attack. The COVID‐19 pandemic has made it possible to link autoantibodies to both the severity of pathogenic infection and the emergence of several autoimmune diseases after recovery from the infection. An overview of autoimmune disorders and the function of autoantibodies in COVID‐19 and other infectious diseases are discussed in this review article. We also investigated the different categories of autoantibodies found in COVID‐19 and other infectious diseases including the potential pathways by which they contribute to the severity of the illness. Additionally, it also highlights the probable connection between vaccine‐induced autoantibodies and their adverse outcomes. The review also discusses the therapeutic perspectives of autoantibodies. This paper advances our knowledge about the intricate interaction between autoantibodies and COVID‐19 by thoroughly assessing the most recent findings.
ForzaETH Race Stack—Scaled Autonomous Head‐to‐Head Racing on Fully Commercial Off‐the‐Shelf Hardware
Authors: Baumann Nicolas , Ghignone Edoardo , Kühne Jonas , Bastuck Niklas , Becker Jonathan , Imholz Nadine , Kränzlin Tobias , Lim Tian Yi , Lötscher Michael , Schwarzenbach Luca , Tognoni Luca , Vogt Christian , Carron Andrea , Magno Michele 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAutonomous racing in robotics combines high‐speed dynamics with the necessity for reliability and real‐time decision‐making. While such racing pushes software and hardware to their limits, many existing full‐system solutions necessitate complex, custom hardware and software, and usually focus on Time‐TrIals rather than full unrestricted Head‐to‐head racing, due to financial and safety constraints. This limits their reproducibility, making advancements and replication feasible mostly for well‐resourced laboratories with comprehensive expertise in mechanical, electrical, and robotics fields. Researchers interested in the autonomy domain but with only partial experience in one of these fields, need to spend significant time with familiarization and integration. The ForzaETH Race Stack addresses this gap by providing an autonomous racing software platform designed for F1TENTH, a 1:10 scaled Head‐to‐Head autonomous racing competition, which simplifies replication by using commercial off‐the‐shelf hardware. This approach enhances the competitive aspect of autonomous racing and provides an accessible platform for research and development in the field. The ForzaETH Race Stack is designed with modularity and operational ease of use in mind, allowing customization and adaptability to various environmental conditions, such as track friction and layout, which is exemplified by the various modularly implemented state estimation and control systems. Capable of handling both Time‐Trials and Head‐to‐Head racing, the stack has demonstrated its effectiveness, robustness, and adaptability in the field by winning the official F1TENTH international competition multiple times. Furthermore, the stack demonstrated its reliability and performance at unprecedented scales, up to over on tracks up to 150 m in length.
Quantifying Epistemic Uncertainty in Binary Classification via Accuracy Gain
Authors: Qian Christopher , Ganter Tyler , Michalenko Joshua , Liang Feng , Adams Jason 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTRecently, a surge of interest has been given to quantifying epistemic uncertainty (EU), the reducible portion of uncertainty due to lack of data. We propose a novel EU estimator in the binary classification setting, as the posterior expected value of the empirical gain in accuracy between the current prediction and the optimal prediction. In order to validate the performance of our EU estimator, we introduce an experimental procedure where we take an existing dataset, remove a set of points, and compare the estimated EU with the observed change in accuracy. Through real and simulated data experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed EU estimator.
Comparative study of enterprise efficiency and environmental, social and governance performance before and after COVID‐19 epidemic—A study of China's A‐share listed Fintech companies
Authors: Xie Tao , Li Ying , Chiu Yung‐Ho , Ao Shiyou 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSince the outbreak of COVID‐19, it is worth noting how the enterprise efficiency and ESG performance of Chinese fintech enterprises are affected by pandemic. However, researches using Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to explore this issue are still very scarce. Therefore, this paper selects 45 A‐share listed fintech enterprises to construct A two‐stage RDM‐DDF efficiency analysis model, and evaluates the efficiency of different stages and different input–output indexes by using the window efficiency analysis method. At the same time, target enterprises were grouped according to their registered locations, so as to explore the regional differences in efficiencies and changes in the efficiency before and after the outbreak of COVID‐19. The analysis results show that: (1) Regional differences in corporate efficiency are quite pronounced. (2) There is no obvious positive correlation between ESG performance and traditional financial performance of target enterprises. (3) Following the outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic, the efficiency changes in target companies have been complex.
Deliberate Amorphization of Co‐MOF for Constructing Crystalline‐Amorphous Heterostructures Toward High‐Performance Water Electrolysis
Authors: Zhou Guangyao , Zhou Xue , Li Jing , Huang Weiran , Pang Huan , Zhang Songtao , Yang Jun , Xu Lin , Tang Yawen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe endowment of metal organic frameworks (MOF) with superior electrocatalytic performance without compromising their structural/compositional superiorities is of great significance for the development of renewable energy devices, yet remains a grand challenge. Herein, a deliberate partial amorphization strategy is developed to construct a heterostructured electrocatalyst consisting of crystalline Co‐MOF and amorphous Co‐S nanoflake arrays aligned on the carbon cloth (CC) substrate (abbreviated as Co‐MOF/Co‐S@CC hereafter) through a rapid sulfuration method. The simultaneous implement of crystalline‐amorphous (c‐a) heterostructure and nanoflake arrayed architecture on CC substrate renders the Co‐MOF/Co‐S@CC with abundant and tight active sites, accelerated charge transfer rate, regulated electronic structures, and reinforced structural stability. As such, the obtained Co‐MOF/Co‐S@CC electrode demonstrates outstanding electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performances with the overpotentials of 64 and 217 mV at 10 mA cm−2, respectively. Moreover, a two‐electrode electrolyzer assembled by Co‐MOF/Co‐S@CC electrodes exhibits the lower cell voltages and larger current densities than those of Pt/C and RuO2 counterparts, excellent reversibility and prominent long‐term stability, representing a great prospect for feasible H2 production. This adopted concept of c‐a heterostructure for electronic regulation may bring about insightful inspiration for designing high‐performance electrocatalysts for sustainable energy systems.
Enhancing Optical Properties of Zn‐Mn Solid Solution Hybrid Halides for Wide Color Gamut Backlight Displays
Authors: Zhao Xianlong , Wang Na , Liu Kunjie , Yao Ruonan , Guo Zhongnan , Zhao Jing , Liu Quanlin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHybrid metal halides display a range of optical properties and hold promise for various applications such as solid‐state lighting, anti‐counterfeiting measures, backlight displays, and X‐ray detection. The incorporation of zinc into (C13H26N)2MnBr4 aims to enhance its structural rigidity and improve its narrow band green light emission properties. The resulting (C13H26N)2ZnBr4 compound exhibits an identical crystal structure to (C13H26N)2MnBr4, indicating the potential for a solid solution of varying Zn and Mn ratios within this structural framework. (C13H26N)2Zn0.2Mn0.8Br4 exhibits significantly enhanced properties, including a photoluminescence quantum yield of 92%, a minimum full width at half maximum of 43 nm, and 85% retention of room temperature emission at 420 K. Additionally, crystals of (C13H26N)2ZnCl4 and (C7H18N)2ZnX4 (X = Br, I) are synthesized, with (C7H18N)2ZnBr4 displaying luminescent color changes dependent on excitation. (C7H18N)2Zn0.2Mn0.8Br4 demonstrates reversible phase transitions and alterations in optical properties. A white light‐emitting diode utilizing (C13H26N)2Zn0.2Mn0.8Br4 and commercial phosphors exhibited a color gamut of 112.2% of the National Television Standards Committee 1931 Standard. This investigation introduces a stable and highly efficient narrow‐band green phosphor suitable for displays.
Unclonable Encryption‐Verification Strategy Based on Bilayer Shape Memory Photonic Crystals
Authors: Hu Tong , Zhang Shufen , Qi Yong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe ability to reversibly exhibit structural color patterns has positioned photonic crystals (PCs) at the forefront of anti‐counterfeiting. However, the security offered by the mere reversible display is susceptible to illicit alteration and disclosure. Herein, inspired by the electronic message captcha, bilayer photonic crystal (BPC) systems with integrated decryption and verification modules, are realized by combining inverse opal (IO) and double inverse opal (DIO) with polyacrylate polymers. When the informationized BPC is immersed in ethanol or water, the DIO layer displayed encrypted information due to the solvent‐induced ordered rearrangement of polystyrene (PS) microspheres. The verification step is established based on the different structural colors of the IO layer pattern, which result from the deformation or recovery of the macroporous skeleton induced by solvent evaporation. Moreover, through the evaporation‐induced random self‐assembly of PS@SiO2 and SiO2 microspheres, unclonable structurally colored identifying codes are created in the IO layer, ensuring the uniqueness upon the verification. The decrypted code in the DIO layer is valid only when the IO layer displays the pattern with the predetermined structural color; otherwise, it is a pseudo‐code. This structural color‐based “decryption‐verification” approach offers innovative anti‐counterfeiting applications in nanophotonics.
The Progress of Reductive Coupling Reaction by Iron Catalysis
Authors: Zhao Jian‐Qiang , Chen Zhang‐Pei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe transition metal catalyzed coupling reaction has revolutionized the strategies for forging the carbon‐carbon bonds. In contrast to traditional cross‐coupling methods using pre‐prepared nucleophilic organometallic reagents, reductive coupling reactions for the C−C bonds formation provide some advantages. Because both coupling partners are reduced in the final products using a stoichiometric amount of a reductant, this approach not only avoids the need to use sensitive organometallic species, but also provides an orthogonal and complementary access to classical coupling reaction. Notably, the reductive coupling reactions feature readily available fragments, promote good step economy, exhibit high functional group tolerance and unique chemoselectivity, which have propelled their increasingly popular in the organic synthesis. In recent years, due to the low price, minimal toxicity, and environmentally benign character, iron‐catalyzed carbon‐carbon coupling reactions have garnered significant attention from the organic synthetic chemists and pharmacologists, especially the iron‐catalyzed reductive coupling. This review aims to provide an insightful overview of recent advances in iron‐catalyzed reductive coupling reactions, and to illustrate their possible reaction mechanisms.
Meaningful engagement of people living with cancer: Leveraging breast cancer survivors in a stigma reduction intervention in Tanzania
Authors: Gutnik Lily , Msoka Elizabeth F. , Dwarampudi Sindhu , Hollis Taylor , McLeod M. Chandler , Locke Jayme E. , Scarinci Isabel , Rocque Gabrielle B. , Mremi Alex , Serventi Furuha , Mmbaga Blandina T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionCancer‐related stigma is a key driver of advanced breast cancer stage in Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). We developed and tested the impact of a breast cancer survivor‐led Stigma reduction intervention (SRI) on stigma and treatment adherence of newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer in Tanzania.MethodsBreast cancer survivors were trained on breast cancer knowledge and motivational interviewing. A total of 4 trained survivors delivered a SRI (standardized flipchart breast education talk, personal testimony, and motivational interviewing) to 30 newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer before treatment. Pre‐ and post‐intervention knowledge surveys and stigma scale surveys were analyzed via Fisher's exact test and Wilcoxon rank‐sum tests. A discussion was held with a group of survivors after the intervention period to elicit feedback on their intervention experience.ResultsAmong the 30 patients, breast cancer knowledge (median overall percent correct) increased from 28% (IQR: 18%–45%) to 85% (IQR: 79%–88%) (p < 0.001) and stigma (median score) decreased from 75 (IQR: 57–81) to 53 (IQR: 44–66) (p < 0.01) following the intervention. All participants were willing to pursue hospital‐based treatment after undergoing the intervention. Eighty‐seven percent (n = 26) initiated treatment at 8‐week follow‐up after the intervention. All survivors endorsed feeling empowered and valued in their role in this intervention.ConclusionsBreast cancer survivors are a powerful group to combat the lack of knowledge and stigma in community and healthcare settings. Expanding the scope and scale of this intervention holds promise for improving treatment‐seeking behavior and ultimately breast cancer outcomes in SSA.
Psycho-Oncology in the UAE
Authors: Schlatter Melanie C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMedical intervention is essential for individuals newly diagnosed with cancer, and it is rapidly initiated. However, the incidence of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression during this process is high, even into survivorship, which greatly affects the quality of life of the individual as well as those around them. The field of psycho-oncology recognizes that the treatment of cancer requires a comprehensive approach to enhance prospects of longevity, well-being, and overall quality of life because it takes into account factors pertaining to the cancer and its effects on the patient, as well as relevant personal characteristics and coping mechanisms of the patient and those effects upon the cancer. Research indicates that psychological interventions initiated as part of standard care from the outset within a multidisciplinary oncology team can lead to significant benefits for the patient, their primary supports, and medical staff. The UAE has challenges with respect to an increasing prevalence of cancer, beliefs around psychological input, and a lack of psycho-oncologists, but the region is ideally suited to the development of tailored programs given the rapid shifts in research, increasing support from medical oncology staff, the implementation of UAE-centric guidelines, and prevention-focused community initiatives.
Radiation Oncology in the UAE
Authors: Abu-Gheida Ibrahim H. , Mahmood Rana Irfan , Geara Fady , Khatib Falah Al 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRadiation oncology is an essential component of cancer treatment. The field of radiotherapy in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been well established and is currently growing steadily in the UAE. This chapter focuses on all the different aspects of the radiotherapy field and department(s) in the UAE. Tackling the origin and history of radiation. Moreover, with the history and present of different radiotherapy departments in the UAE, along with the definition and roles of different radiotherapy team members. Furthermore, the roles of different key players in the radiotherapy community in the UAE, including regulatory bodies, suppliers, and societies, are discussed here. Finally, radiotherapy-related education and training in the UAE, research, and potential future directions to continue moving the field forward in the UAE and the region are also summarized.