bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Study of Essential Oils and Insecticides on the Functional and Numerical Response of Trichogramma Pretiosum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) in Eggs of Neoleucinodes Elegantalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Authors: Santana Milena Larissa Gonçalves , Wanderley-Teixeira Valéria , Guedes Carolina Arruda , Cruz Glaucilane Santos , Barbosa Douglas Rafael e Silva , Melo José Wagner Silva , Neto Clóvis José Cavalcanti Lapa , Teixeira Álvaro Aguiar Coelho 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Reconciling chemicals and natural enemies is an attractive method for the management of Neoleucinodes elegantalis. This study aimed to evaluate the sublethal effects of Origanum majorana L. and Copaifera officinalis L. oils and the insecticides azadirachtin and deltamethrin on the functional and numerical response of Trichogramma pretiosum to different densities (2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64) of eggs from N. elegantalis. The type of functional and numerical response, search efficiency (a) and handling time (Th) were estimated by the Disc equation. Exposure to oils and insecticides influenced which type of functional response the parasitoid presented in relation to the pest, where azadirachtin had a type I response; O. majorana, deltamethrin and control type II and C. officinalis type III. Exposure to oils decreased handling time and attack rate in relation to the control; the insecticides, on the other hand, increased handling time and reduced the attack rate. For numerical response, exposure to oils and control, there was an increase in the rate of parasitized eggs in response to a greater supply of hosts. C. officinallis demonstrates to be more compatible when integrated with T. pretiosum, as it presented shorter manipulation time and higher attack rate, among the studied products.
Impact of Dietary Supplementation of L-Citrulline to Meat Goats During Gestation on Reproductive Performance
Authors: Newton Makenzie , Lopez Arianna , Stenhouse Claire , Hissen Karina , Connolly Erin , Li Xingchi , Zhou Lan , Wu Guoyao , Foxworth William , Bazer Fuller 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Meat goat production is a worldwide industry with products such as meat, milk, soap, and fiber being produced. There are approximately 2.6 million meat goats in the United States. For breeding female ruminants, early pregnancy loss is estimated to be 30% within the first month of gestation. Extracellular L-citrulline (a precursor to L-arginine) is not degraded by ruminal microbes due to the lack of uptake. L-arginine and thus L-citrulline, have beneficial impacts on placentation and, subsequently, fetal-placental development and survival.
Results
Meat goats were fed either a control (CON) or L-citrulline (CIT) supplemented diet from Days 12 to 82 of gestation. Blood samples were collected and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography analyses to quantify the abundance of amino acids. Pregnancy rates were determined on Days 30, 61, and 90 of gestation, and litter weight, individual birth weights, and 90-day adjusted weaning weights were collected. The concentrations of citrulline, ornithine, and arginine were greater in CIT does compared to CON does, but there was no difference in pregnancy rates between CON and CIT does. Birth weight was greater for male kids born as singles when compared to females, but this phenotype was not observed for kids born as twins or triplets. Further, males born to CON does had greater 90-day adjusted weaning weights than females, but this was not observed in the CIT group. Female kids born to CON and CIT Boer goats had heavier 90-day adjusted weaning weights than those born to Spanish or F1 Boer-Spanish does.
Conclusion
L-citrulline increased and stabilized circulating concentrations of arginine in maternal serum of meat goats. Further, L-citrulline supplementation may benefit does gestating triplets and increase 90-day adjusted weaning weights of female offspring. Boer goats may also be more sensitive to dietary supplementation with L-citrulline when compared to Spanish goats.
How It All Begins: Molecular Players of the Early Graviresponse in the Non-elongating Part of Flax Stem
Authors: Gorshkova Tatyana , Gorshkov Oleg , Mokshina Natalia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Plants have developed two major approaches to adjust their position in accordance with the direction of the gravity vector: differential cell growth at the opposing sides of elongating regions and complex processes in non-elongating stem parts, like reaction wood development. Gravistimulation of flax plants induces the formation of gravitropic curvature in non-elongating stem parts, largely associated with modifications in phloem and xylem fibers. To gain knowledge about key “triggers” and “forward players” that induce negative gravitropic reactions, transcriptome profiling of the phloem fibers and xylem tissues from pulling and opposite stem sides 1 and 8 hours after gravistimulation was carried out. As the first reaction, activation of the processes associated with RNA synthesis and protein folding in both tissues and both stem sides was detected; later, activation of kinases and transferases occurred. Among the major induced changes, transcriptomic data indicate rapid and substantial shifts in chloroplast metabolism in all analyzed tissues, including temporal activation of the branched-chain amino-acid pathway, adjustment of light-harvesting complexes, and jasmonic acid biosynthesis. Auxin transporter genes were activated only in the xylem, whereas other auxin-related genes were barely upregulated 1 hour after stem inclination in any analyzed sample. The asymmetric changes between stem sides included the sharp activation of ethylene-related genes in the phloem fibers of the opposite stem side, as well as tertiary cell wall deposition in both the phloem and xylem fibers of the pulling stem side during later stages of graviresponse. The obtained results provide informative insights into the graviresponse mechanisms.
Mental Distress in English Posts from r/AITA Subreddit Community with Language Models
Authors: Guan Qinghao 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Mental distress emerged as a significant area of concern. However, previous research predominantly concentrated on the detection and classification of mental issues, with limited attention given to comprehensive investigations of the interrelationships and contextual events associated with these issues. This research delves into the exploration of mental distress derived from user-generated content on the r/AmItheAsshole subreddit. The experimental data contains 1,888,423 words of 5051 English posts. Through the utilization of NLP techniques, including emotion classification, topic modeling, and semantic role labeling, the study revealed a significant prevalence of negative emotions (94%) such as sadness, anger, and fear in the analyzed content. A correlation between heightened intimacy and an increased occurrence of disagreements was discerned. Furthermore, a combined BERTopic and narrative analysis shed light on the trivial origins of these conflicts. As online communities become increasingly instrumental in people’s daily lives, this paper emphasizes their potential in providing invaluable insights to psychologists and sociologists, thereby enabling the formulation of effective strategies and interventions. We recommend educational endeavors to nurture empathy and promote effective communication.
Landslide Development Characteristics and Risk Zoning along the Dir Road in North Pakistan
Authors: Rauf Muhammad , khan Sulaiman , Zhao Xiaoyan , Qaisar Saddam 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Landslides are one of nature's most lethal disasters. They are defined as the movement of earth down a slope, a rockslide, a rockfall, or a debris flow. Landslides are far more dangerous than most people realize. Landslides occur for a variety of reasons, including environmental factors such as rock decay over time, rainfall, and flash floods, which can cause rockfalls and debris flow, or constructions along slope banks, which can weaken the slope and allow an earth mass (a combination of mud and rock) to slide downhill or natural phenomena such as earthquakes. Landslides destroy infrastructure, homes, businesses, croplands, highways, and commuter roads every year, resulting in thousands of fatalities and injuries and significant economic losses (both directly and indirectly). Landslides play an essential role in the evolution of landforms and pose a severe threat in many regions of the world. In some places, landslides cause more deaths and economic damage than other natural disasters, such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and floods. Due to the wide range of landslide phenomena, no single method exists to identify and map landslides, establish landslide hazards, or evaluate the associated risk factors. landslides, NE to landslides, and identifying risk zones and analyzing the dynamics of landslide development is critical for reducing the risk to human life and infrastructure.
Predictive Modeling of Detoxification Processes for Highly Toxic Organophosphorus Agents Using Interpretable Molecular Parameters
Authors: Keshavarz Mohammad Hossein , Monfared Azar Amraei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Highly toxic chemical warfare agents (CWSAs) based on organophosphorus compounds can be detoxified through hydrolysis. A new model has been introduced to predict the reaction barriers in the alkaline hydrolysis of G-series agents, focusing on their molecular structure. This model was developed using the largest dataset of reaction barriers (ΔGTS) for 122 organophosphate compounds. It outperforms existing complex quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models, showing lower root mean squared errors (RMSE) across training, testing, and validation datasets. The new model's RMSE values are 4.74, 1.92, and 3.03, respectively, compared to the complex QSAR model's 8.00, 4.36, and 11.38. Additionally, it effectively covers 56 organophosphorus chemicals without measured ΔGTS data, making it a robust tool for identifying improved simulants and examining structural factors affecting organophosphate reaction energetics.
WITHDRAWN: Pilot Testing and Histomorphometric Evaluation of a Novel Mini Implant System(n)
Authors: Dave harsh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The design of a mini-implant is a key element affecting the implant's initial stability, ability to sustain load and achieve successful osseointegration. This study aims to present the findings of pilot testing of a novel mini-implant technology (‘n’).
The novel mini-implant (‘n’) is made of titanium grade V, having a trapezoidal thread pattern and a transverse hole of 0.8 mm diameter. This novel mini-implant (‘n’) was inserted in a test group of 3 male New Zealand white rabbits. A control group of 3 male New Zealand white rabbits was inserted with a similar number of control mini-implants. One animal in the test group additionally received a bone-inducing graft (DFDBA GRAFT) in the transverse means. The animals were sacrificed after 42 days and bone tissues were fixed. The histomorphometric findings were evaluated using BIC, BAFO, and cortical bone thickness.
There was no mortality among the studied animals. Mean BIC% and BAFO (%) were 7.88% (95% CI: 5.10% - 10.66%) and 10.33% (95% CI: 5.86%-14.81%) higher among test animals. The woven bone formation was found to be higher among the test group as compared to the control group at 1mm, 1 – 2mm, and 3 – 4mm distance from the implant site. Higher BIC and BAFO were observed in the animals that received the bone-inducing graft.
This study proposes a novel design of mini-implant (‘n’) which is found to be safe in this pre-clinical trial and has the potential to achieve higher primary and secondary stability.
Adaptive Calibration of Gafchromic EBT3 Films Using Generalized Additive Neural Networks
Authors: Chen Pang-Yu , Chang Liyun , Yeh Shyh-An , Kang Chen-Lin , Su Chun-Ting , Lee Tsair-Fwu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In radiation therapy, achieving precise dose distribution is crucial to minimize damage to normal tissues. Gafchromic EBT3 film is commonly used for quality assurance of 2D dosimetry but requires frequent recalibrations due to changes in sensitivity over time. This study introduces a new calibration method using a Keras generalized additive neural network (GANN) to address film aging. EBT3 films from four lots were calibrated using a 6 MV photon beam and scanned with Epson scanners. The GANN method showed percentage differences between calibrated and delivered doses within 5%, comparable to traditional recalibration methods. It demonstrated better stability and accuracy, significantly reducing the need for frequent recalibrations and offering a robust solution for long-term film dosimetry.
Study of the Hydrogeochemical Processes and its impact on the quality of groundwater in the Area between Abu Simbil and Tushka, Western Desert, Egypt
Authors: Mohallel Saad A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The study area is located in a hyper arid area in the Western Egyptian Desert which represents a massive agricultural project where irrigation water is extracted from the Nubian sandstone aquifer. This study focuses on the hydrogeochemical processes and its impact on the quality of the groundwater aquifer. Based on the geomorphology; the study area includes five geomorphological units, Wadi Kurkur bediplain, Aswan High Dam Lake, The Nile Valley, West Dungul plain and basement outcrops. According to the geology; the study area is distinguished by sedimentary cover ranging in age from Upper Jurassic to Quaternary. Regarding the hydrogeology of the study area; the Nubian sandstone aquifer is the main aquifer in the study area where it is represented by 24 groundwater samples plus one sample from the stem of the Lake Nasser. All samples were collected, analyzed and interpreted. Groundwater salinity classification shows that all the groundwater samples are fresh water type except one sample considered brackish water type. The pH values of the selected groundwater samples vary from 5.8 in the center to 7.6 in the Northern side with median value of 7.3. The groundwater's temperature ranges from 26.2 to 38.4 C. The relationship between salinity content and the other ions show a strong correlation between the values of Ca2+, Cl− and SO42− with the TDS values and a moderate correlation between Na+ values with TDS values. Silicate and carbonate weathering are the main hydrochemical processes affecting the groundwater. From the saturation indices (SI) results it is indicated that Gypsum, Anhydrite and Manganite dissolve with negative SI values, whereas iron minerals are supersaturated with positive values. From the hypothetical salts, it is indicated that the Nubian sandstone groundwater in the study area is highly evolved as it's enriched with terrestrial and marine residuals. From the Mixing Model, it is indicated that the Nubian sandstone aquifer has paleowater contribution percent ranging from 81 to 92% and Lake Nasser water contribution percent ranging from 7 to 18%. The Nitrate concentrations are below the maximum allowable limits of the WHO, however high concentrations of heavy metals were recorded in the groundwater samples at various extents.
Dynamic Transcriptomics Unveils Parallel Transcriptional Regulation in Artemisinin and Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis Pathways under Cold Stress in Artemisia annua
Authors: He Yunxiao , You Jian , Zhang Wenjing , Zhao Wei , Zuo Xianghua , Li Jiangnan , Xing Ming , Zhang Yujiao , Chen Xia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cold stress, a major abiotic factor, positively modulates the synthesis of artemisinin in Artemisia annua (A. annua) and influences the biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites. To elucidate the flux changes in the synthesis of secondary metabolites under low-temperature conditions, we conducted dynamic transcriptomic and metabolite quantification analyses of A. annua leaves. The accumulation of total organic carbon (TOC) in leaves under cold stress provided ample precursors for secondary metabolite synthesis. Short-term exposure to low temperature induced a transient increase in jasmonic acid synthesis, which positively regulates the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway, contributing to artemisinin accumulation. Additionally, transcripts of genes encoding key enzymes and transcription factors in both the phenylpropanoid and artemisinin biosynthetic pathways, including PAL, F3'H, ADS, and DBR2, exhibited similar expression patterns, suggesting a synergistic effect between these pathways. Prolonged exposure to low temperature sustained high levels of phenylpropanoid synthesis, leading to significant increases in lignin, flavonoids, and anthocyanin. Conversely, the final stage of the artemisinin biosynthetic pathway is inhibited under these conditions, resulting in elevated levels of dihydroartemisininic acid and artemisininic acid. Collectively, our study provides insights into the parallel transcriptional regulation and metabolic flux of artemisinin and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathways in A. annua under cold stress.
A Study on The Sustainable Development of the Yunnan Tea Industry under The Pressure of China’s Tea Inventory
Authors: Fu Chengxiu , Mao Zhaoqing , Zhang Qing , Xu Shengtao , Yang Jida , Liu Shufang , Yuan Yuan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Yunnan Province is the important tea-producing area in China and the world, and the tea industry is an important part of Yunnan’s agricultural economy. In the face of domestic tea inventory pressure, it is very important to study the sustainable development of the Yunnan tea industry. This study clarifies the current situation of tea supply and consumption in China; investigates the tea garden area, tea production, and tea export volume in China and Yunnan Province; analyzes the data of domestic primary tea and finished tea production, consumption, and inventory from 2018 to 2023; and highlights the problems of inventory pressure and structural imbalance in the product supply side of China's tea industry. On this basis, it is proposed that the development of the ecological tea industry and the utilization of diversified tea resources are paths to sustainable development of the tea industry in Yunnan Province. These ideas are proposed in four aspects: the construction of ecological tea gardens, the development of a technology system for an ecological tea industry, staying up to date with the new tea consumption market, and expanding the production of functional terminal tea goods.
Emergence of Choanephora Blight in Okra in Eastern India, Disease Severity, Etiology, and Fungicidal Management
Authors: Barik Udayendu , Ganesan Sangeetha , Sarkar Subrata , Sahu Supriya , Ponnam Naresh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Okra is an important vegetable crop extensively cultivated in India. During the months of July-October 2019 occurrence of Choanephora blossom blight has been documented first time at the research farm of IIHR-Central Horticultural Experimental Station, Bhubaneswar, as well as from farmers' fields and research plots of Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha located in Eastern India. Subsequent survey to six major okra growing districts of Odisha revealed the incidence of up to 35.0 percent. Hence efforts were made to study the detailed symptomatology, and etiological factors. Choanephora cucrbitarum was identified as the causal agent based on morphological characteristics, molecular characterization as well as pathogenicity assay. In-vitro bio-efficacy of fungicides demonstrated the effectiveness of triazole group of fungicide against the test pathogen offering promising prospects for disease management in okra cultivation.
microRNA-762 regulate vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic switch through targeting STAT3 in aortic dissection
Authors: Liu Qing , Xu Jinyu , Zheng Dongdong , Su Yale , He Tianqi , Wang Weitie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
this study aimed to evaluate the effect of microRNA-762/stat3 axis on VSMCs phenotypic switch in aortic dissection (AD).
Method
targetscan and miRDB bio-informatics analysis were used to verify the potential binding sites between microRNA-762 and stat3. qRT-PCR and western blot confirmed different expression of microRNA-762, stat3 and phenotypic switch markers such as SM22α, calponin, SMA and MYH11 between aortic dissection and normal aortic tissues. CCK8 assay and PCNA were used to present the proliferative capacity. Transwell migration assay, MMP2 and MMP9 were used to show the migration ability. Dual luciferase reporter assay was used to demonstrate the binding sites between microRNA-762 and stat3.
Results
microRNA-762 was downregulated in human AD tissues. Meantime, phenotypic switch markers showed low expression in AD tissues. Over expression of microRNA-762 through RNA interference weakened VSMC proliferation and migration and promoted the expression of phenotypic switch markers. Bio-informatics analysis presented that microRNA-762 had binding sites with stat3, which confirmed by dual luciferase reporter assay in HEK293T. Co-transfect with microRNA-762 mimic and stat3 vector could rescue the proliferation and migration ability causing by transfect with microRNA-762 mimic only.
Conclusions
low expression of microRNA-762 promote phenotypic switch by targeting stat3 in VSMCs, which could be used as a potential diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for AD.
Chemical composition and nematicidal activity of wasabi(Eutrema japonicum) rhizome extracts against Meloidogyne enterolobii
Authors: Dou Xiaoli , Luo Jiguang , Wei Ying , Li Zhiwen , Wu Yani , Yin Xiaopeng , Lin Jiaojiao , Zhu Baibi , Wang Huifang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims
Eutrema japonicum a perennial herb belonging to the Eutrema genus in the Crucifer family. In recent years, numerous substances with notable pharmacological activities have been successfully isolated from E.japonicum. Despite significant advancements in related research, the efficacy of E.japonicum extracts against rhizome-knot nematodes remained unknown.
Methods
This study utilized extracts obtained from the rhizome of E.japonicum to evaluate their activity against J2 Meloidogyne enterolobii and single-egg hatching through a soaking method, demonstrating inhibition and killing activity against M.enterolobii.
Results
The results showed that the LC50 of E.japonicum extract on J2 were 44.633 mg/mL and 22.840 mg/mL at 24 h and 48 h post-treatment, respectively. The mortality rate of J2 reached 88.93% at 48h post-treatment when the concentration was 200 mg/mL, and the inhibition rate of single egg hatching reached 88.14%. This study conducted an analysis of the chemical composition of the ethanol extract of E.japonicum. we preliminarily screened out 10 organosulfur compounds and lipid compounds with insecticidal and antibacterial effects. Including Sec-butyl isothiocyanate and geraniol. Sec-butyl isothiocyanate and geraniol were further investigated for their nematicidal activity, demonstrating high efficacy against M.enterolobii.The results indicate that the extract of E.japonicum shows promise in inhibiting M.enterolobii.
Conclusions
These findings offer a scientific foundation and theoretical framework for utilizing E.japonicum as a potential raw material for the development of novel natural plant nematicides.