bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ascochlorin Attenuates the Early Stage of Adipogenesis via the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and Inhibits High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice
Authors: Yu Mi-Hee , Jeong Yun-Jeong , Son Sung Wook , Kwon So Yoon , Song Kwon-Ho , Son Ho-Sang , Jeon Eon-Ju , Chang Young-Chae 
Published: September 2024

This study investigated the effects of ascochlorin (ASC), a natural compound derived from the fungus Ascochyta viciae, on adipogenesis and obesity. We determined the effects of ASC on 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and whether it ameliorated to mitigate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in C57BL/6J mice. We found that ASC significantly inhibited the differentiation of preadipocytes by modulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, a key regulator of adipogenic processes. Treatment with ASC not only reduced the mRNA and protein expression of key adipogenic transcription factors such as C/EBPα and PPARγ, but also reduced lipid accumulation both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, treatment HFD-fed mice with ASC significantly reduced their weight gain and adiposity vs. control mice. These results suggest that ASC has considerable potential as a therapeutic agent for obesity, owing to its dual action of inhibiting adipocyte differentiation and reducing lipid accumulation. Thus, ASC represents a promising candidate as a natural anti-obesity agent.
Delineating Molecular Regulatory of Flavonoids Indicated by Transcriptomic and Metabolomics Analysis during Flower Development in Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Boju’
Authors: Chu Zhuannan , Xiong Rui , Peng Xingxing , Cui Guangsheng , Dong Ling , Li Weiwen 
Published: September 2024

Flavonoids are pharmacologically active compounds in flowers of Chrysanthemum morifolium ‘Boju’ (C. morifolium); however, the molecular regulatory network governing flower development remains largely elusive. Flower samples were collected at four stages, namely budding (BD), bud breaking (BB), early blooming (EB), and full blooming (FB), for omics analysis. We revealed distinct transcriptional regulation patterns at these four stages of the flower from the perspective of differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs). There are 152 DEGs shared among the three comparative groups (BD vs. BB, BB vs EB, EB vs FB), wherein the expression of 44 DEGs (including AtADT6, MDL3, and ROMT) continues to be upregulated, and 85 DEGs (including CYP81E, TPS-Cin-1, and TPS-Cin-2) showed persistent downregulation with flower development. Flavonoid-targeted metabolomics identified 118 differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) in the FB group compared to the BD stage; the top three upregulated and downregulated metabolites are Cyanidin-3-O-(6″-O-malonyl)glucoside-5-O-glucoside, Luteolin-7-O-(6″-caffeoyl)rhamnoside, Kaempferol-3-O-(6″-p-coumaroyl)glucoside and Chrysoeriol-6,8-di-C-glucoside-7-O-glucoside, Kaempferol, Kaempferol-3,7-O-dirhamnoside, respectively. These DAMs were predominantly enriched in “flavonoid biosynthesis”, “isoflavonoid biosynthesis”, and “flavone and flavonol biosynthesis” pathways. AtADT6, MDL3, ROMT, CYP81E, TPS-Cin-1, and TPS-Cin-2 were correlated with kaempferol. Our findings provide a new idea for interfering with flavonoid production, especially kaempferol, in flowers.
Bacterial Communities of House Flies from Dairy Farms Highlight Their Role as Reservoirs, Disseminators, and Sentinels of Microbial Threats to Human and Animal Health
Authors: Neupane Saraswoti , Park Yoonseong , Watson D. Wes , Trout Fryxell Rebecca T. , Burgess Edwin R. , Nayduch Dana 
Published: September 2024

Adult house flies (Musca domestica L.) inhabiting dairy farms not only are nuisance pests but also harbor and disseminate bacteria. We examined the bacterial community composition, diversity, environmental sources, and prevalence in individual adult female house flies and cattle manure samples collected monthly from Florida, North Carolina, and Tennessee dairy farms between May and August 2021. Individual house flies carried diverse bacterial communities, encompassing all bacterial taxa (100%) identified across manure samples, and additional species likely acquired from the animals. Bacterial community assemblage in house flies and manure samples within farms varied by month. Some taxa were differentially associated with either house flies (Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, and Staphylococcus) or manure samples (Treponema, Succinivibrio, and Clostridia). House fly bacterial communities mostly contained specialist species originating from manure, with several taxa (Escherichia, Corynebacterium, Turicibacter) being potential pathogens of livestock and humans. These findings further support the role of house flies as carriers of cattle-associated bacteria, including pathogens, and their potential for disseminating these microbes among cattle and to neighboring environments. Since their bacterial communities provide a snapshot of their surrounding environment, house flies also serve as effective sentinels in xenosurveillance strategies.
Influence of Heat Treatment and Lactic Acid Fermentation on the Physical and Chemical Properties of Pumpkin Juice
Authors: Janiszewska-Turak Emilia , Rybak Katarzyna , Witrowa-Rajchert Dorota , Pobiega Katarzyna , Wierzbicka Anna , Ossowski Szymon , Sękul Joanna , Kufel Aniela , Wiśniewska Aneta , Trych Urszula , Szczepańska-Stolarczyk Justyna , Krzykowski Andrzej , Gramza-Michałowska Anna 
Published: September 2024

Pumpkin is a highly nutritious plant, rich in valuable nutrients that benefit human health. Due to the high perishability of this fruit, the production of pumpkin juice is a practical way to use it effectively. Recently, fermented vegetable juices have been used as a dairy alternative due to their nutritional and potential probiotic properties. This study investigated the fermentation of pumpkin juice using different strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), with and without heat treatment. The effects of fermentation on microbial growth, pH, acidity, extract, sugars, carotenoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant properties were analyzed. The heat-treatment process did not greatly impact the dry matter content, pH, acidity, extract, or sugar content. However, it led to a reduction in carotenoid and polyphenol levels. During fermentation, there was a consistent decrease in pH and an increase in total acidity, with no noticeable differences between bacterial strains regarding their influence on these parameters. The study revealed that there were no distinctions between LAB strains in their effects on pH, acidity, and carotenoid content in fermented pumpkin juice. Nonetheless, both L. sakei and L. plantarum proved to be effective in the fermentation process, with L. sakei demonstrating greater adaptability. The expected pH, acidity, and sugar content changes were consistently observed throughout the fermentation process. Overall, results confirm the efficacy of the used Lactobacillus strains in fermenting pumpkin juice and highlight the potential impact of heat treatment on the nutritional composition of the juice. The purpose of thermal processing of pumpkin juice, which is conducted with lactic acid fermentation, is crucial for the food industry. It extends the product’s shelf life, improves its nutritional and taste profiles, and guarantees its microbiological safety.
Data Economy, neural network learning and multidimensional geometry
Authors: Козырев А.Н. 
Published: September 2024

В статье на конкретных примерах показано, как математика высокого класса иногда помогает решать проблемы в области экономики и информационных технологий, для решения которых она изначально не предназначалась. Особо подчеркивается роль выдающихся отечественных математиков относительно недалекого прошлого.
The article uses specific examples to show how high-class mathematics sometimes helps to solve problems in the field of economics and information technology, for which it was not originally intended. The role of outstanding Russian mathematicians of the relatively recent past is particularly emphasized. interpreter.
Comparison of Dexmedetomidine and Midazolam for Preoperative Sedation in Patient Under Going Surgeries Under Spinal Anaesthesia
Authors: - Dr Mala sharma , - Dr R.C.Gupta , - Dr.Gaurav Goyal 
Published: September 2024

Preoperative anxiety is a frequent condition. Generally, it starts two days before the operation and reaches its peak just prior to induction of anesthesia. Anxiety, stress, and fear that arise just before the operation and anesthesia may lead to psychological trauma and increase the levels of stress hormones, resulting in undesirable metabolic responses before anesthesia. In our study primary objective was to compare the effectiveness of dexmedetomidine and midazolam with control group in preoperative sedation prior to surgical procedures. Considering the sample size and methodology of the seed article a sample size of 207 was obtained This prospective, hospital based, comparative study was conducted in Department of Anesthesia, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur over a period from March 2023 to august 2024. Group C was control, Group D was dexmedetomidine, and Group M was the midazolam group. Patients of Group C were given 100 ml of physiological saline over 10 min. patients of Group D were given 0.25 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in 100 ml physiological saline over 10 min. Group M were given 0.03 mg/kg midazolam in 100 ml physiological saline over 10 min. Group D (dexmedetomidine group) has significantly lower bromage score, Anxiety, and VAS scores, demonstrating better overall recovery, reduced anxiety, and less pain as compare to other two group. Also group D patient show better stabilization of vital parameter.
Where the ‘bad’ and the ‘good’ go: A multi-lab direct replication report of Casasanto (2009, Experiment 1)
Authors: Yamada Yuki , Xue Jin , Li Panpan , Ruiz-Fernández Susana , Özdoğru Asil Ali , Sarı Şahsenem , Torres Sergio C. , Hinojosa José A. , Montoro Pedro R. , AlShebli Bedoor , Bolatov Aidos K. , McGeechan Grant J. , Zloteanu Mircea , Razpurker-Apfeld Irene , Samekin Adil , Tal-Or Nurit , Tejada Julian , Freitag Raquel , Khatin-Zadeh Omid , Banaruee Hassan , Robin Nicolas , Briseño-Sanchez Guillermo , Barrera-Causil Carlos J. , Marmolejo-Ramos Fernando 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCasasanto (Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138, 351–367, 2009) conceptualised the body-specificity hypothesis by empirically finding that right-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the right side and a negative valence with the left side, whilst left-handed people tend to associate a positive valence with the left side and negative valence with the right side. Thus, this was the first paper that showed a body-specific space–valence mapping. These highly influential findings led to a substantial body of research and follow-up studies, which could confirm the original findings on a conceptual level. However, direct replications of the original study are scarce. Against this backdrop and given the replication crisis in psychology, we conducted a direct replication of Casasanto’s original study with 2,222 participants from 12 countries to examine the aforementioned effects in general and also in a cross-cultural comparison. Our results support Casasanto’s findings that right-handed people associate the right side with positivity and the left side with negativity and vice versa for left-handers.
Про задачу розсіяння та задачу відновлення форми графа
Authors: Boyko O. , Martynyuk O. , Pivovarchik V. 
Published: September 2024

УДК 517.9
Розглянуто задачу розсіяння Штурма–Ліувілля, породжену рівнянням Штурма–Ліувілля на дереві, яке складається з рівнобічного компактного піддерева з жилою (напівнескінченним ребром), приєднаною до цього компактного підграфа. При цьому припускається, що потенціал на жилі тотожно нульовий, а потенціали на скінченних ребрах – дійсні функції з

L
2

. Показано як знайти форму дерева, використовуючи S-функцію та власні значення задачі розсіяння.
Оцінка зваженого рівня гасіння зовнішніх і початкових збурень у нелінійних системах
Authors: Mazko A. 
Published: September 2024

УДК 517.925.51; 681.5.03
Досліджуються класи нелінійних динамічних систем з обмеженими збуреннями і функціональними невизначеностями. Розроблено методи оцінки узагальненого критерію якості таких систем, що характеризує зважений рівень гасіння зовнішніх збурень, а також початкових збурень, обумовлених невідомим початковим вектором. Запропоновано застосування даних методів у задачі узагальненого

H
∞

-керування для досліджуваних класів систем. Наведено ілюстративний приклад псевдолінійної системи керування зі збуренням.
Circumstellar Interaction in the Ultraviolet Spectra of SN 2023ixf 14–66 Days After Explosion
Authors: Bostroem K. Azalee , Sand David J. , Dessart Luc , Smith Nathan , Jha Saurabh W. , Valenti Stefano , Andrews Jennifer E. , Dong 董 Yize 一泽 , Filippenko Alexei V. , Gomez Sebastian , Hiramatsu Daichi , Hoang Emily T. , Hosseinzadeh Griffin , Howell D. Andrew , Jencson Jacob E. , Lundquist Michael , McCully Curtis , Mehta Darshana , Meza-Retamal Nicolas E. , Pearson Jeniveve , Ravi Aravind P. , Shrestha Manisha , Wyatt Samuel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
SN 2023ixf was discovered in M101 within a day of the explosion and rapidly classified as a Type II supernova with flash features. Here we present ultraviolet (UV) spectra obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope 14, 19, 24, and 66 days after the explosion. Interaction between the supernova ejecta and circumstellar material (CSM) is seen in the UV throughout our observations in the flux of the first three epochs and asymmetric Mg ii emission on day 66. We compare our observations to CMFGEN supernova models that include CSM interaction (

M

̇

<

10

−
3

M
⊙ yr−1) and find that the power from CSM interaction is decreasing with time, from L
sh ≈ 5 × 1042 erg s−1 to L
sh ≈ 1 × 1040 erg s−1 between days 14 and 66. We examine the contribution of individual atomic species to the spectra on days 14 and 19, showing that the majority of the features are dominated by iron, nickel, magnesium, and chromium absorption in the ejecta. The UV spectral energy distribution of SN 2023ixf sits between that of supernovae, which show no definitive signs of CSM interaction, and those with persistent signatures assuming the same progenitor radius and metallicity. Finally, we show that the evolution and asymmetric shape of the Mg ii
λ
λ 2796, 2802 emission are not unique to SN 2023ixf. These observations add to the early measurements of dense, confined CSM interaction, tracing the mass-loss history of SN 2023ixf to ∼33 yr prior to the explosion and the density profile to a radius of ∼5.7 × 1015 cm. They show the relatively short evolution from a quiescent red supergiant wind to high mass loss.
Patients’ attitudes concerning contributing factors and early detection of prostate cancer
Authors: Abed Omer Ahmed , Majeed Haider Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent malignancy (after lung cancer) in men in Iraq, counting 50,106 new cases and causing 3207 deaths in men. The objective of this study was to explore males’ attitudes concerning contributing factors and early detection for prostatic cancer.

Materials and Methods:
This hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study used nonprobability purposive sampling technique to select men attending the hospital. The study period extended from September 18, 2023, to January 20, 2024. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used that contained questions organized in two sections. Section A: sociodemographic information with seven items; and Section B: attitude towards prostate cancer screening with twenty items on a 4-point Likert scale. The questionnaire used was adapted from a study conducted on the knowledge, attitudes, and screening surveys regarding prostate cancer. The collected data were coded and entered twice independently on Microsoft Excel then later exported and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.0.

Results:
One hundred and fifty men participated in the study. Participants ranged from 40 to 60 years, with a mean age of 48.48. The majority of men, 153 (90.0%), were married, while 10 (6.7%) were single. Nearly more than third of all participants (37.3%) hold bachelor education, whereas 14% of all men had diploma education. Sixty-six (44.0%) of the participants were employed, 57 (38%) were free work, and 19 (12.7%) were retired. Other sociodemographic characteristics are indicated. Most of the study participants (49%) had strong positive level, while (48%) of them had positive, and only 3% of the total participants had negative attitude about early detection and intention screening of PCa.

Conclusions:
The study revealed men had strong positive and strong attitude (49% vs. 48%), respectively, toward PCa screening. These findings indicate a need for increased public sensitization campaigns on PCa and its screening tests to improve public understanding about the disease with the aim of early detection.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Systems-based practice.
A series of atypical cases of exudative retinal detachment with diagnostic dilemma presenting to a rural eye care center in South India
Authors: Aparna A. C. , Vignesh S. Hari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Retinal detachment results due to the accumulation of fluid in the subretinal space. Retinal detachment can be rhegmatogenous, exudative, or tractional detachment. Exudative detachment occurs due to various choroidal or retinal pathologies. We report a case series of exudative retinal detachment (ERD) with atypical presentation, who were diagnosed and treated in our retina clinic. The aim of our study was to stress on the timely etiological diagnosis in patients who present with ERD in achieving a good visual recovery. We also would like to emphasize thorough systemic evaluation in the management of such cases.

Materials and Methods:
In this case series, patients who presented to our institution with ERD underwent a comprehensive ocular and systemic evaluation in order to determine the underlying etiology.

Results:
Our study showed that inflammatory causes, whether infectious or noninfectious uveitic conditions and certain systemic conditions unrelated to uveitis can also cause ERD.

Conclusion:
A thorough examination of both ocular and systemic condition is crucial for identifying the cause of ERD, ultimately aiding in the preservation of vision. In addition, timely recognition and management of any underlying systemic conditions by the appropriate specialist can significantly decrease the morbidity and mortality in these patients.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Practice-based learning and improvement, Medical knowledge.
The relationship between anxiety level and personality traits among smoker nurses
Authors: Asad Mohanad Jamal , Majeed Haider Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The present study examines the relationship between anxiety level and personality traits among smoker nurses.

Materials and Methods:
A correlation study design was conducted among nurses working at Baquba Teaching Hospital in Diyala Governorate. The study period extended from September 10, 2023, to January 28, 2024. A nonprobability purposive sample was used to include 200 nurses working at Baquba Teaching Hospital, Iraq. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire, and data were collected from October 4 to November 7, 2023. The study instruments consist of three parts. First, the demographic sheet included sociodemographic information about the participants. The second part includes a measure of the Taylor manifest anxiety scale. The three parts include a Personality Assessment Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.

Results:
The study included 200 nurses. 47.5% of nurses have a moderate level of anxiety, whereas 35.5% have a mild level of anxiety, and 17.0% have a severe level of anxiety regarding smoking cigarettes. 10% of nurses have a mild-level personality trait, whereas 81% have a moderate-level personality trait, and 9% have a high-level personality trait.

Conclusions:
The nurses surveyed in this study showed that there is a high significant correlation between anxiety level and personality trait among smoker nurses. We recommend awareness campaigns related to preventive measures and policies to increase the awareness about the adverse health effects of smoking and to further counteract its global epidemic should necessarily target smoking-induced mental health risks.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Patient care, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice.
Perception of competency-based medical education curriculum: Insights from three batches
Authors: Shetty Ashwini K. , Sarala N. , Geetha S. , Shankar M. S. Vinutha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Competency-based medical education (CBME) entails learners accumulating apparent abilities in a time-independent, student-centered manner. The redesigned curriculum is entirely new, and only a few studies have been conducted to analyze the student’s perception of embracing the new curriculum. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the student perception of different concepts of the CBME curriculum by examining the insights gathered from three successive batches.

Materials and Methods:
The cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical college in India among MBBS students using a validated questionnaire after taking institutional ethical clearance.

Results:
A total of 369 students responded to the questionnaire. The response rate was 88%. Most students responded positively to the usefulness of various components of CBME, like a foundation course (FC), early clinical exposure (ECE), attitude ethics and communication, skill lab training, certification of skills, and aligned and integrated topics (AiTO). The students also suggested decreasing the duration of the FC and increasing the ECE sessions with clinical-based teaching. An increase in formative assessment to improve their learning was told by the learners.

Conclusion:
The study provides valuable insights into students’ perceptions of concepts of CBME. The CBME curriculum makes learning more relevant, increases student interest and creativity, and makes the Indian Medical Graduate (IMG) liable and accountable to patients, the community, and the profession.

The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Professionalism, Practice-based learning and improvement, and Systems-based practice.