bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Cigarette Use and Complication Rates and Outcomes Following Total Ankle Arthroplasty
Authors: Lampley Alexander , Gross Christopher E. , Green Cynthia L. , DeOrio James K. , Easley Mark , Adams Samuel , Nunley James A. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Tobacco use is a known risk factor for increased perioperative complications and having worse functional outcomes in many orthopedic procedures. To date, no study has elucidated the effect of cigarette smoking on complications or functional outcome scores after total ankle replacement (TAR). Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 642 patients who had TAR between June 2007 and February 2014 with a known smoking status. These patients were separated into 3 groups based on their smoking status: 34 current smokers, 249 former smokers, and 359 nonsmokers. Outcome scores and perioperative complications, which included infection, wound complications, revision surgeries, and nonrevision surgeries were compared between the groups. Results: When comparing perioperative complications in the active smokers to the nonsmokers, we found a statistically significant increased risk of wound breakdown (hazard ratio [HR] 3.08, P = .047). Although the active smokers had an increased rate of infection (HR 2.61, P = .392), revision surgery (HR 1.75, P = .470), and nonrevision surgery (HR 1.69, P = .172), these findings were not statistically significant. With regard to outcome scores, all groups demonstrated improvement at 1- and 2-year follow-up compared with their preoperative outcome scores. However, the active smokers had less improvement in their outcome scores than the nonsmokers at 1- and 2-year follow-up. Furthermore, there was no significant difference in the outcome scores when comparing the nonsmokers to the former smokers. Conclusion: Active cigarette smokers undergoing TAR had a significantly higher risk of wound complications and worse outcome scores compared with nonsmokers and former smokers. Furthermore, tobacco cessation appeared to reverse the effects of smoking, which allowed TAR to be an effective and safe procedure for providing pain relief and improving function in former smokers as they had perioperative complication rates and outcomes similar to nonsmokers. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Scoping review of outcome measures used in telerehabilitation and virtual reality for post-stroke rehabilitation
Authors: Veras Mirella , Kairy Dahlia , Rogante Marco , Giacomozzi Claudia , Saraiva Silvia 
Published: June 2016

Introduction Despite the increased interest in telerehabilitation (TR), virtual reality (VR) and outcome measures for stroke rehabilitation, surprisingly little research has been done to map and identify the most common outcome measures used in TR. For this review, we conducted a systematic search of the literature that reports outcome measures used in TR or VR for stroke rehabilitation. Our specific objectives included: 1) to identify the outcome measures used in TR and VR studies; and 2) to describe which parts of the International Classification of Functioning are measured in the studies. Methods We conducted a comprehensive search of relevant electronic databases (e.g. PubMed, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Embase, PSYCOINFO, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database). The scoping review included all study designs. Two reviewers conducted pilot testing of the data extraction forms and independently screened all the studies and extracted the data. Disagreements about inclusion or exclusion were resolved by consensus or by consulting a third reviewer. Results In total, 28 studies were included in this scoping review. The results were synthesized and reported considering the implications of the findings within the clinical practice and policy context. Discussion This scoping review identified a wide range of outcome measures used in VR and TR studies and helped identify gaps in current use of outcome measures in the literature. The review also informs researchers and end users (i.e. clinicians, policymakers and researchers) regarding the most appropriate outcome measures for TR or VR.
Effects of first language processes and representations on second language perception: The case of vowel epenthesis by Japanese speakers
Authors: Nomura Jun , Ishikawa Keiichi 
Published: June 2016

Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Japanese speakers are known to perceive “illusory vowels” within consonant clusters illicit in their language. The present study examines how this perceptual vowel epenthesis is affected by first language (L1) processes (restoration of vowels devoiced through Japanese high vowel devoicing), L1 representations (loanword representations in Japanese speakers’ lexicons), and proficiency in English. Design/methodology/approach: The participants judged the presence or absence of a mora (e.g., ム /mu/) in an auditorily presented English word (e.g., homesick). The 40 test items contained a heterosyllabic consonant cluster with four different voicing patterns to examine whether the vowel restoration process is related to vowel epenthesis. Twenty of the test items are frequently used as loanwords in Japanese, meaning that they are stored in the L1 lexicon with a vowel inserted inside the consonant cluster (e.g., /hoomusikku/). The other 20 are low-frequency items that are virtually nonwords for the non-native participants. Data and analysis: The vowel epenthesis rates and reaction times (RTs) were obtained from 14 introductory learners, 15 intermediate learners, and 19 native speakers. Findings/conclusions: The results show the main effects of Voice, Loanword Representation, and Proficiency, as well as the interaction among the three factors. Negative correlations between vowel epenthesis rates and RTs were also observed for the learners. The results indicate differential effects of vowel restoration and loanwords on perceptual epenthesis by learners of different proficiency levels. Originality: The present study was one of the first attempts to test the relation between proficiency and perceptual vowel epenthesis using real English words. Significance/implications: The findings demonstrate the robustness of L1 processes and representations in second language perception while substantiating the existing argument for early vowel epenthesis. They also raise questions regarding the effects of training and the role of native speaker input.
A case study of a grassroots truth and reconciliation commission from a community practice perspective
Authors: Androff David 
Published: June 2016

Summary Truth and Reconciliation Commissions represent an innovative model for social work practice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission was a community-based intervention that sought to address lingering social trauma and tension from a 1979 incident of racial violence in North Carolina. This case study analyzes the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission from a community practice perspective by highlighting relevant aspects of the intervention for social work practice. The intervention is examined along the community practice dimensions of context, theoretical basis, practice model, framing, strategy, and tactics. Each dimension is presented and related to a specific aspect of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission case. Findings The historical context of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission includes legacies racism, labor exploitation, and violence that was pervasive in the U.S. south, as well as traditions of resistance to oppression. The theoretical underpinnings of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission include social constructionism and restorative justice. The Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission falls within the community practice models of neighborhood and community organizing and community capacity development. The intervention was framed as a Truth and Reconciliation Commission and incorporated a strategy of inclusiveness. The community practice tactics of fundraising, outreach and recruitment, research and investigation, and public hearings were employed. Applications This article concludes with assessments of the Greensboro Truth and Reconciliation Commission’s impact and implications for community practice, including current applications of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model in the U.S. Social workers working in communities can apply the Truth and Reconciliation Commission model and the specific community practice dimensions identified in the case study to empower communities and work to overcome legacies of social injustice, violence, and oppression.
Living a secret: Disclosure among adolescents and young adults with chronic illnesses
Authors: Kaushansky Daniel , Cox Jarad , Dodson Chaka , McNeeley Miles , Kumar Sinthu , Iverson Ellen 
Published: June 2016

Objectives This qualitative study examines how and why adolescents living with visible and invisible chronic illnesses choose to share their condition with individuals within their social environments. Methods A sample of 25 adolescents were recruited from five subspecialty services: Spina bifida, rheumatology, cardiology, cystic fibrosis, and renal transplant/dialysis. Recruits completed a semi-structured interview designed to explore: (1) to whom adolescents disclose their conditions, (2) motivation and conditions under which they disclose, (3) content of disclosure, and (4) barriers to disclosure. Results Family members closely connected to treatment or management are most likely to be primary targets of disclosure. Regardless of social network size, respondents disclosed their illness to few peers. Common reasons for disclosure were perceived trust and shared experience with illness and disability. Reasons for withholding disclosure include perceived fear of rejection, pity, and perceptions of being seen as vulnerable or different. Discussion Disclosure was found to be influenced by (a) the visibility of a condition, (b) the anticipated response from the recipient, (c) practical needs, and (d) a decision that disclosure is justified. These findings inform clinical practice, warrant the need for further study, and insinuate practical solutions to combat the socio-emotional impact of nondisclosure among adolescents.
Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α gene polymorphisms and coronary collateral formation in patients with coronary chronic total occlusions
Authors: Amoah Vincent , Wrigley Benjamin , Holroyd Eric , Smallwood Andrew , Armesilla Angel L , Nevill Alan , Cotton James 
Published: June 2016

Introduction: We evaluated the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene and one of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α gene and the degree of coronary collateral formation in patients with a coronary chronic total occlusion. Methods: Totally, 98 patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and a chronic total occlusion observed during coronary angiography were recruited. Genotyping of two vascular endothelial growth factor promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (−152G>A and −165C>T) and the C1772T single nucleotide polymorphism of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α were performed using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The presence and extent of collateral vessel filling was scored by blinded observers using the Rentrop grade. Results: We found no association between the vascular endothelial growth factor −152G>A, −165C>T and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α −1772C>T with the presence and filling of coronary collateral vessels. A history of percutaneous coronary intervention and transient ischaemic attack/cerebrovascular accident were associated with the presence of enhanced collateral vessel formation following binary logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that coronary collateral formation is not associated with the tested polymorphic variants of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in patients with symptomatic coronary artery disease and the presence of a chronic total occlusion.
Corruption of dendritic cell antigen presentation during acute GVHD leads to regulatory T-cell failure and chronic GVHD
Authors: Leveque-El mouttie Lucie , Koyama Motoko , Le Texier Laetitia , Markey Kate A. , Cheong Melody , Kuns Rachel D. , Lineburg Katie E. , Teal Bianca E. , Alexander Kylie A. , Clouston Andrew D. , Blazar Bruce R. , Hill Geoffrey R. , MacDonald Kelli P. A. 
Published: June 2016

Key PointsAcute GVHD leads to defective MHC class II antigen presentation by donor DC, leading to a failure of peripheral Treg homeostasis. Impaired Treg homeostasis results in chronic GVHD directly and can be alleviated by adoptive Treg transfer.
Venetoclax responses of pediatric ALL xenografts reveal sensitivity of MLL-rearranged leukemia
Authors: Khaw Seong Lin , Suryani Santi , Evans Kathryn , Richmond Jennifer , Robbins Alissa , Kurmasheva Raushan T. , Billups Catherine A. , Erickson Stephen W. , Guo Yuelong , Houghton Peter J. , Smith Malcolm A. , Carol Hernan , Roberts Andrew W. , Huang David C. S. , Lock Richard B. 
Published: June 2016

Key PointsVenetoclax demonstrates potent in vitro and in vivo single-agent activity in MLL-rearranged ALL xenografts. Clinically efficacious BH3-mimetic therapy for other high-risk ALL subtypes is likely to require concurrent BCL-2 and BCL-XL inhibition.
A nomenclatural treatment for Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae (Plantaginaceae sensu APG III) and typification of several names
Authors: Rojas-Andrés Blanca M. , Rico Enrique , Martínez-Ortega M. Montserrat 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe large genus Veronica has a complex evolutionary history. Within it, Veronica subsect. Pentasepalae represents an ideal system to study important evolutionary processes, such as hybridization and polyploidization. Delimitation of species boundaries within the subsection is a difficult task and the highly complicated taxonomy of the group has led to an accumulation of approximately 230 names for 22 accepted taxa. Many names have been used in different taxonomic senses even in recent Floras, scientific works, catalogues, Red Lists and internet resources. The lack of an updated taxonomic and nomenclatural framework represents a significant problem to develop further studies in several fields such as ecology, conservation, plant and evolutionary biology. A complete nomenclatural treatment for the whole subsection is provided here, that relies on results derived from the first phylogenetic analysis of V. subsect. Pentasepalae based on DNA sequence data, morphology and ploidy‐ level information. Nomenclatural types for 22 validly published names are designated. In total 21 lectotypes, 2 epitypes and 1 neotype are chosen. A new combination, Veronica linearis, is proposed.
Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisited
Authors: Khanum Rizwana , Surveswaran Siddharthan , Meve Ulrich , Liede-Schumann Sigrid 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCynanchum constitutes one of the very few Asclepiadoid genera that are distributed both in the Old and the New World. The present study of more than 100 species, based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood analysis of five chloroplast and four nuclear markers, resolves nine clades. No unambiguous morphological characters are associated with any particular clade or a combination of several clades, so that a wide concept of Cynanchum seems the most appropriate taxonomic solution for the group. For this reason, several hitherto independent genera, Glossonema, Graphistemma, Holostemma, Metalepis, Metaplexis, Odontanthera, Pentarrhinum, Raphistemma and Seshagiria are included in Cynanchum. In addition, Adelostemma and Sichuania are subsumed under Cynanchum for morphological reasons. The necessary new combinations are made, resulting in twelve new species combinations, two new subspecies combinations, and two new names.
A widespread radiation in the Periplocoideae (Apocynaceae): The case of Cryptolepis
Authors: Joubert Lize , Klak Cornelia , Venter Andor M. , Venter Hendrik J.T. , Bruyns Peter V. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractCryptolepis is the second‐largest genus in the Periplocoideae with 30 species. It is the most widely distributed genus in the subfamily and occupies a wide range of habitats, from moist forests to stony semi‐deserts. Analyses of DNA‐data revealed that Cryptolepis is paraphyletic and, for monophyly to prevail, Parquetina should be included in Cryptolepis. Most of the species fall into two major clades: one confined to NE Africa and neighbouring areas; the other absent from NE Africa but widely distributed from West to South Africa. Most species of Cryptolepis from the more arid areas are shrubby, often with reduced leaves and often with much reduced, few‐flowered inflorescences. We establish that Cryptolepis arose about 21 million years ago and began its major radiation around 16 million years ago. Despite this age and its wide distribution, it has not diversified significantly, perhaps limited in the more arid regions by the absence of succulence. It is also possible that the relatively uniform floral structure also limited its response to the diversity of pollinators. Although most species of Cryptolepis are African, there are three species in SE Asia. We show that these three SE Asian species are nested among African taxa and are likely to have reached SE Asia by long‐distance dispersal.
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF GROUND FRICTION SURFACE WEAR PROCESS
Authors: Бишутин Сергей , Bishutin Sergey , Суслов Анатолий , Suslov Anatoliy 
Published: June 2016

Many factors affecting considerably surface wear cannot be taken into account within the bounds of existing approaches to the mathematical description of this process. It is wellknown that the modes of finish grinding have a significant influence upon wear resistance of a friction surface. It is explained, for example, by differences in a structural – phase state of a surface layer formed in the course of thermal and force impact of abrasion. Therefore, for reliable fore-casting of the resource of many tribo-couplings it is necessary to estimate friction surface wear resistance taking into account the influence of conditions and modes of finishing abrasion.
The mathematical modeling of the process un-der consideration allowed obtaining an equation for the computation of a wear rate of run-in ground friction surfaces and nonrunin ones in which pressure in a contact, slip velocity, abrasion modes, form errors in a friction surface and also a state of a surface layer and a position error of a friction surface in a coupling are taken into account.
Experimental researches have confirmed a possibility of use in practice the mathematical depen dences obtained.
The researches carried out allow forecasting more reliably ground friction surface wear of machinery and mechanisms.
ANALYSIS OF REGULARITIES IN ACCURACY PARAMETERS FORMATION AT PROTOTYPING
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of the work was the study of regularities in the cylindrical surface formation at prototyping. To achieve the task there were developed sketches of two parts of “cylinder” type. According to the sketches in the CAD medium there were formed two 3D computer parts. The next step to achieve the task was the conversion of the designed and created para-metric 3D part in STL format. The printing was carried out in two product lines: the cylinders of the first prod-uct line were printed at the maximum rate of the formation (Vform=12.7mm/h) and at the maximum layer thickness (Slayer=100 mkm), and cylinders of the second product line – at Vprint=5 mm/h; Slayer=50 mkm. The parts were printed according to the method of rapid protopyping (RP) – photopolymer light curing (Direct Light Projection –DLP) on Envision Ultra 3SP plant. Material – high-temperature photopolymer resin HTM 140. Heatresistance of this material makes 140°C.
As a result of the research there was revealed a vivid saddle-shaped form in printed cylinders. The reason of a hidden defect lies in a high rate of printing and also in a layer thickness. It should be excluded that the reason of an error can be electronic mistakes during a 3D conversion of an object from CAD medium into STL format.
CORRELATION INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN PROTOTYPED SAMPLES WITH CONDITIONS OF THEIR LOCATION AT MANUFACTURING
Authors: Ларионов Максим , Larionov Maksim , Куликов Михаил , Kulikov Mikhail , Гусев Денис , Gusev Denis 
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this work is to reveal the influence of the location of the product grown upon roughness during shaping at prototyping. To achieve the goal specified there were chosen plates with dimensions 10x10x3mm, and the surface investigated – a plane 10x10mm. Some sets of plates were printed on a 3D printer Envision Ultra 2 of high-temperature photo –polymeric resin NTM 140 according to Direct Light Projection (DLP). The plates made of NTM 140 after extraction from a printer have temperature durability of 140°C.
For more exact and deep researches of the phenomenon mentioned there was used a method of atomic – power microscopy (APM) for the definition of the surface micro-relief in samples under investigations. As a basic tool for the analysis of surface micro-relief a scanning microprobe microscope Solver Pro, and program package WSxM allowed obtaining 3D images of a surface layer of samples.
It is evident from the results presented that at the formation of a flat by means of the quick prototyping method according to a DLP type technology the most optimum scheme of location is that at which the angle of basic plane slope makes 8°.
STABILITY ENSURING IN THREADED CONNECTION TIGHTENING BY MULTISPINDLE NUTRUNNERS WITH PASSIVE ADAPTATION ON MOMENT
Authors: Миронова Елена , Mironova Elena 
Published: June 2016

The necessity of the creation of a multispindle nutrunner ensuring a relatively stable moment of tightening in group threaded connections is substantiated.
A kinematic scheme of a multispindle nutrunner with passive means of adaptation on a moment on the basis of a differential mechanism use is offered.
The analysis is given of a moment error at multispindle nutrunner tightening on the basis of passive adaptation.
FIRMWARE REALIZATION FOR OPTIMUM CUTTING SPEED DEFINITION AT HARD-TO-MACHINE MATERIAL WORKING
Authors: Козлова Мария , Kozlova Mariya , Серебренникова Анжела , Serebrennikova Anzhela , Харина Ольга , Kharina Olga 
Published: June 2016

A scientific and technological advance is inseparably linked with the development of leading mechanical engineering branches: aerospace industry, rocket production, electronic and atomics, power and chemical engineering to which high requirements are made. A constant increase of requirements to the quality of complete products, their life and reliability causes a necessity to use the certain groups of materials possessing high mechanical strength, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, high temperature strength. To the materials with such properties belong alloys based on titanium and corrosion resistant steel forming hard-to-machine material group (HMG).

On the territory of the city of Komsomolsk-upon-Amur there are two works of defense industry (DIW). According to the mean estimate about 15-17% of DIW parts are used in ships, and about 10-20% - in planes.
The firmware realization for the optimum cut-ting speed definition at hard-to-machine material, by the example of 12H18N10T steel and TT20 alloy is considered. The procedure for carrying out experiments confirming this express-method is described.