bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A paradigm for evaluation and management of the maxillary sinus before dental implantation
Authors: Chen Yi‐Wei , Lee Fu‐Ying , Chang Po‐Hung , Huang Chi‐Che , Fu Chia‐Hsiang , Huang Chien‐Chia , Lee Ta‐Jen 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo determine a paradigm for evaluating and managing maxillary sinus conditions before dental implantation via preoperative sinonasal assessment.Study DesignProspective cohort study.MethodsEighty‐four patients who underwent dental implantation with or without sinus augmentation were included. Maxillary sinus conditions were classified into groups 1 to 6 according to cone‐beam computed tomography (CT) findings: 1) nonspecific findings, 2) solitary polyp or cyst, 3) mucosal thickening, 4) air–fluid level or fluid accumulation, 5) near‐total opacification of the maxillary or other paranasal sinus, and 6) calcification spots in the maxillary sinus. Dental implantation with or without sinus augmentation was suggested with postoperative sinus observation (groups 1–3), after medication for acute sinusitis (group 4), and after comprehensive treatment of chronic or fungal sinusitis (groups 5–6). Intraoperative and postoperative sinus‐related complications were recorded.ResultsTwo patients (groups 1 and 3) developed acute rhinosinusitis after sinus augmentation; both recovered completely with medical treatment. Schneiderian membrane perforation occurred during sinus lift surgery in six patients (group 1): five recovered after conservative medical therapy and close observation, whereas one required endoscopic sinus surgery and recovered well. No chronic rhinosinusitis developed after dental implantation.ConclusionCraniofacial CT is crucial for pre‐dental implantation sinonasal evaluation. The risk of dental implant‐related chronic rhinosinusitis is low for patients with cysts, polyps, or mucosal thickening in the maxillary sinus. However, preventive endoscopic sinus surgery is recommended for patients with incurable chronic rhinosinusitis, fungal sinusitis, and large polyps or cysts.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 128:1261–1267, 2018
Development of microbial community during primary succession in areas degraded by mining activities
Authors: Harantová Lenka , Mudrák Ondřej , Kohout Petr , Elhottová Dana , Frouz Jan , Baldrian Petr 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTogether with plants, soil microbial communities play an essential role in the development of stable ecosystems on degraded lands, such as postmining spoil heaps. Our study addressed concurrent development of the vegetation and soil fungal and bacterial communities in the course of primary succession in a brown coal mine spoil deposit area in the Czech Republic across a chronosequence spanning 54 years. During succession, the plant communities changed from sparse plants over grassland and shrubland into a forest, becoming substantially more diverse with time. Microbial biomass increased until the 21st year of ecosystem development and later decreased. Although there was a close association between fungi and vegetation, with fungi mirroring the differences in plant community assemblages, the development of the bacterial community was different. The early succession community in the barren nonvegetated soil largely differed from that in the older sites, especially in its high abundance of autotrophic and free‐living N2‐fixing bacteria. Later in succession, bacterial community changes were minor and reflected the chemical parameters of the soil, including pH, which also showed a minor change with time. Our results show that complex forest ecosystems developed over 54 years on the originally barren soil of the temperate zone and indicate an important role of bacteria in the initial stage of soil development. Although the arrival of vegetation affects substantially fungal as well as bacterial communities, it is mainly fungi that respond to the ongoing development of vegetation.
Evaluating Potential Risks of Food Allergy and Toxicity of Soy Leghemoglobin Expressed in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Jin Yuan , He Xiaoyun , Andoh‐Kumi Kwame , Fraser Rachel Z. , Lu Mei , Goodman Richard E. 
Published: September 2017

ScopeThe Soybean (Glycine max) leghemoglobin c2 (LegHb) gene was introduced into Pichia pastoris yeast for sustainable production of a heme‐carrying protein, for organoleptic use in plant‐based meat. The potential allergenicity and toxicity of LegHb and 17 Pichia host‐proteins each representing ≥1% of total protein in production batches are evaluated by literature review, bioinformatics sequence comparisons to known allergens or toxins, and in vitro pepsin digestion.Methods and resultsLiterature searches found no evidence of allergenicity or toxicity for these proteins. There are no significant sequence matches of LegHb to known allergens or toxins. Eleven Pichia proteins have modest identity matches to minor environmental allergens and 13 Pichia proteins have significant matches to proteins from toxic sources. Yet the matched allergens and toxins have similar matches to proteins from the commonly consumed yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, without evidence of food allergy or toxicity. The demonstrated history of safe use indicates additional tests for allergenicity and toxicity are not needed. The LegHb and Pichia sp. proteins were rapidly digested by pepsin at pH 2.ConclusionThese results demonstrate that foods containing recombinant soy LegHb produced in Pichia sp. are unlikely to present an unacceptable risk of allergenicity or toxicity to consumers.
Maternal Chronic Folate Supplementation Ameliorates Behavior Disorders Induced by Prenatal High‐Fat Diet Through Methylation Alteration of BDNF and Grin2b in Offspring Hippocampus
Authors: Yan Zhonghai , Jiao Fei , Yan Xiaoshuang , Ou Hailong 
Published: September 2017

ScopeMaternal consumption of a high‐fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy increases the risk of behavioral problems. Folate plays an important role in neuroplasticity and the preservation of neuronal integrity. This study aims at determining the influence of diets supplemented with folate on offspring behavior, and the mechanisms involved.Methods and resultsFemale mice were fed a control diet, an HFD, control diet supplemented with folate, or an HFD supplemented with folate for 5 weeks before mating. Open field task and elevated plus maze are used to evaluate the offspring behaviors. Results showed that offspring cognitive performance and anxiety‐related behaviors, including those related to open field exploration and elevated plus maze, were significantly improved when dams were treated with folate in pregnancy. Moreover, the maternal folate supplement decreased BDNF and Grin2b methylation and upregulated their expressions in the brain of offspring, which were associated with decreasing the expression of DNA methyltransferases compared with those dams were treated only HFD in pregnancy.ConclusionMaternal folate supplementation ameliorates behavior disorders induced by prenatal high‐fat diet. The beneficial effects were associated with methylation and expression alteration of BDNF and Grin2b genes.
Technical Note: A simulation study on the feasibility of radiotherapy dose enhancement with calcium tungstate and hafnium oxide nano‐ and microparticles
Authors: Sherck Nicholas J. , Won You‐Yeon 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo assess the radiotherapy dose enhancement (RDE) potential of calcium tungstate (CaWO4) and hafnium oxide (HfO2) nano‐ and microparticles (NPs). A Monte Carlo simulation study was conducted to gauge their respective RDE potentials relative to that of the broadly studied gold (Au) NP. The study was warranted due to the promising clinical and preclinical studies involving both CaWO4 and HfO2 NPs as RDE agents in the treatment of various types of cancers. The study provides a baseline RDE to which future experimental RDE trends can be compared to.MethodsAll three materials were investigated in silico with the software Penetration and Energy Loss of Positrons and Electrons (PENELOPE 2014) developed by Francesc Salvat and distributed in the United States by the Radiation Safety Information Computational Center (RSICC) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The work utilizes the extensively studied Au NP as the “gold standard” for a baseline. The key metric used in the evaluation of the materials was the local dose enhancement factor (DEFloc). An additional metric used, termed the relative enhancement ratio (RER), evaluates material performance at the same mass concentrations.ResultsThe results of the study indicate that Au has the strongest RDE potential using the DEFloc metric. HfO2 and CaWO4 both underperformed relative to Au with lower DEFloc of 2–3 × and 4–100 ×, respectively.ConclusionsThe computational investigation predicts the RDE performance ranking to be: Au > HfO2 > CaWO4.
Rapid whole‐brain gray matter imaging using single‐slab three‐dimensional dual‐echo fast spin echo: A feasibility study
Authors: Lee Hyunyeol , Kim Eung Yeop , Sohn Chul‐Ho , Park Jaeseok 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo achieve rapid, high resolution whole‐brain gray matter (GM) imaging by developing a novel, single‐slab three‐dimensional dual‐echo fast‐spin‐echo pulse sequence and GM‐selective reconstruction.MethodsUnlike conventional GM imaging that uses time‐consuming double‐inversion‐recovery preparation, the proposed pulse sequence was designed to have two split portions along the echo train, in which the first half was dedicated to yield short inversion recovery (IR)‐induced white matter suppression and variable‐flip‐angle‐induced two‐step GM signal evolution while the second half cerebrospinal fluid‐only signals. Multi‐step variable‐flip‐angle schedules and sampling reordering were optimized to yield high GM signals while balancing cerebrospinal fluid signals between ECHOes. GM‐selective images were then reconstructed directly from the weighted subtraction between ECHOes by solving a sparse signal recovery problem. In vivo studies were performed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method over conventional double‐inversion‐recovery.ResultsThe proposed method, while achieving one millimeter isotropic, whole‐brain GM imaging within 5.5 min, showed superior performance than conventional double‐inversion‐recovery in producing GM‐only images without apparent artifacts and noise.ConclusionWe successfully demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed method in achieving whole‐brain GM imaging in a clinically acceptable imaging time. The proposed method is expected to be a promising alternative to conventional double‐inversion‐recovery in clinical applications. Magn Reson Med 78:1691–1699, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Fluorescence Sensing with Cellulose‐Based Materials
Authors: Li Meng , Li Xiaoning , Xiao Hui‐Ning , James Tony D. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCellulose‐based materials functionalized with fluorescence sensors are highly topical and are employed in many areas of functional materials, including the sensing of heavy‐metal ions and anions as well as being widely used as chemical sensors and tools for environmental applications. In this Review, we cover recent progress in the development of cellulose‐based fluorescence sensors as parts of membranes and nanoscale materials for the detection of biological analytes. We believe that this Review will be of interest to chemists, chemical engineers, and biochemists in the sensor community as well as researchers working with biological material systems.
Extreme hepatic resections for the treatment of advanced hepatoblastoma: Are planned close margins an acceptable approach?
Authors: Fonseca Adriana , Gupta Abha , Shaikh Furqan , Ramphal Raveena , Ng Vicky , McGilvray Ian , Gerstle J. Ted 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackgroundOrthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is considered the standard for children with hepatoblastoma (HB) in whom complete surgical resection is not possible. However, OLT is not always available or feasible.ObjectiveTo describe the outcome of children with HB who were initially deemed unresectable and underwent complex hepatectomy with planned close margins, and ultimately avoided OLT.MethodsDemographic data, surgical and pathologic details, and survival information were collected from children treated for HB between January 2010 to December 2015.ResultsAmong six children (median age 12 months (3–41 months)), PRETEXT classification was III (n = 2), III/IV (n = 1), and IV (n = 3). Patients received a median of six cycles (range 4–7) of platinum‐based induction chemotherapy; five received doxorubicin. Experienced pediatric surgeons performed extended right and left hepatectomy in five and one patients, respectively, with assistance of an experienced liver transplant surgeon (n = 4). Microscopic margins were positive (n = 2) and negative but close (n = 4; 2–5 mm). Two patients required vascular reconstruction of the vena cava. At median follow‐up of 3.3 years (1.7–4.6 years), there was no evidence of local recurrence. One patient had recurrence of pulmonary disease 3 months after surgery.ConclusionsPatients with advanced HB treated with complex surgical resections with positive or close negative margins had good outcomes without OLT. We suggest that planned positive or close microscopic margins in highly selected HB patients may spare the morbidity of OLT and offer an alternative for those ineligible for OLT. Our experience illustrates the importance of a multidisciplinary team specialized in the management of liver tumors.
Fetal MRI compared with ultrasound for the diagnosis of obstructive genital malformations
Authors: Millischer Anne Elodie , Grevent David , Rousseau Véronique , O'Gorman Neil , Sonigo Pascale , Bessieres Bettina , Ville Yves , Boddaert Nathalie , Salomon Laurent J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US) to diagnose and characterize congenital obstructive genital abnormalities.MethodRetrospective cohort of 20 fetuses who underwent a fetal MRI following a US diagnosis of obstructive urogenital malformation. We compared MRI and US findings and their correlation with the definitive diagnosis.ResultThe correct diagnosis was obtained in 6/20 (30%) cases and 19/20 cases (95%) with US and MRI, respectively. MRI revealed additional information to US in 15/20 cases (75%) and modified the prenatal management in 14 fetuses (70%). The identification rates of the most important anatomical landmarks for the diagnosis, using US and MRI, were compared. Bladder: US 17/20 (85%) vs MRI 20/20 (100%) P = 0.23; vagina: US 6/19 (31.5%) vs MRI 19/19 (100%) P < 10−4; uterus: US 11/19 (57.8%) vs MRI 19/19 (100%) P = 0.003, kidneys: US: 40/40 (100%) MRI: 40/40 (100%) P = 1, ureters: US 14/40 (35%) vs MRI 30/40 (75%) P=0.001, rectum: US 6/20 (30%) MRI 20/20 (100%) P < 10−4, and sacrum: US 20/20 (100%) vs MRI 17/20 (85%) P = 0.23.ConclusionIn fetuses with obstructive urogenital malformations, MRI facilitates assessment of major pelvic organs and provides significant information that may alter the prenatal management.
Streptococcus pneumoniae and chronic endobronchial infections in childhood
Authors: Hare Kim M. , Leach Amanda J. , Smith‐Vaughan Heidi C. , Chang Anne B. , Grimwood Keith 
Published: September 2017

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the main cause of bacterial pneumonia worldwide and has been studied extensively in this context. However, its role in chronic endobronchial infections and accompanying lower airway neutrophilic infiltration has received little attention. Severe and recurrent pneumonia are risk factors for chronic suppurative lung disease (CSLD) and bronchiectasis; the latter causes considerable morbidity and, in some populations, premature death in children and adults. Protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB) is another chronic endobronchial infection associated with substantial morbidity. In some children, PBB may progress to bronchiectasis. Although nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae is the main pathogen in PBB, CSLD and bronchiectasis, pneumococci are isolated commonly from the lower airways of children with these diagnoses. Here we review what is known currently about pneumococci in PBB, CSLD and bronchiectasis, including the importance of pneumococcal nasopharyngeal colonization and how persistence in the lower airways may contribute to the pathogenesis of these chronic pulmonary disorders. Antibiotic treatments, particularly long‐term azithromycin therapy, are discussed together with antibiotic resistance and the impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Important areas requiring further investigation are identified, including immune responses associated with pneumococcal lower airway infection, alone and in combination with other respiratory pathogens, and microarray serotyping to improve detection of carriage and infection by multiple serotypes. Genome wide association studies of pneumococci from the upper and lower airways will help identify virulence and resistance determinants, including potential therapeutic targets and vaccine antigens to treat and prevent endobronchial infections. Much work is needed, but the benefits will be substantial.
Prediction of phosphorylation sites based on Krawtchouk image moments
Authors: Wang Xue , Xu Min Li , Li Bao Qiong , Zhai Hong Lin , Liu Jin Jin , Li Shu Yan 
Published: September 2017

AbstractProtein phosphorylation is one of the most pervasive post‐translational modifications and regulates diverse cellular processes in organisms. Under the catalysis of protein kinases, protein phosphorylation usually occurred in the residues serine (S), threonine (T), or tyrosine (Y). In this contribution, we proposed a novel scheme (named KMPhos) for the theoretical prediction of protein phosphorylation sites. First, the numerical matrix was obtained from a protein sequence fragment by replacing the characters of the residues with the chemical descriptors of amino acid molecules to approximately describe the chemical environment of the protein fragment, which was turned to the grayscale image. Then the Krawtchouk image moments were calculated and used to establish the support vector machine models. The accuracies of 10‐fold cross validation for the obtained models on the training set are up to 89.7%, 88.6%, and 90.1% for the residues S, Y, and T, respectively. For the independent test set, the prediction accuracies are up to 90.7% (S), 87.8% (T), and 89.3% (Y). The results of ROC and other evaluations are also satisfactory. Compared with several specialized prediction tools, KMPhos provided the higher accuracy and reliability. An available KMPhos package is provided and can be used directly for phosphorylation sites prediction.
Scopoletin Supplementation Ameliorates Steatosis and Inflammation in Diabetic Mice
Authors: Choi Ra‐Yeong , Ham Ju Ri , Lee Hae‐In , Cho Hyun Wook , Choi Myung‐Sook , Park Seok‐Kyu , Lee Jin , Kim Myung‐Joo , Seo Kwon‐Il , Lee Mi‐Kyung 
Published: September 2017

Scopoletin is a bioactive component in many edible plants and fruits. This study investigated the effects of scopoletin on hepatic steatosis and inflammation in a high‐fat diet fed type 1 diabetic mice by comparison with metformin. Scopoletin (0.01%, w/w) or metformin (0.5%, w/w) was provided with a high‐fat diet to streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice for 11 weeks. Both scopoletin and metformin lowered blood glucose and HbA1c, serum ALT, TNF‐α and IL‐6 levels, glucose intolerance, and hepatic lipid accumulation compared with the diabetic control group. Scopoletin or metformin down‐regulated hepatic gene expression of triglyceride (Pparg, Plpp2, and Dgat2) and cholesterol (Hmgcr) synthesis as well as inflammation (Tlr4, Myd88, Nfkb1, Tnfa, and Il6), while it up‐regulated Cyp7a1 gene. Hepatic PPARγ and DGAT2 protein levels were also down‐regulated in scopoletin or metformin group compared with the control group. Scopoletin or metformin also inhibited hepatic fatty acid synthase and phosphatidate phosphohydrolase activities. These results suggest that scopoletin protects against diabetes‐induced steatosis and inflammation by inhibiting lipid biosynthesis and TLR4‐MyD88 pathways. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Measurement of endometrial thickness in premenopausal women in office gynecology
Authors: Tsuda Hiroshi , Ito Yoichi M , Todo Yukiharu , Iba Takahiro , Tasaka Keiichi , Sutou Yuji , Hirai Kozo , Dozono Koichiro , Dobashi Yoshifusa , Manabe Mami , Sakamoto Tomomi , Yamamoto Ritsu , Ueda Katsufumi , Akatsuka Moe , Kiyozuka Yasuhiko , Nagai Nobutaka , Imai Manami , Kobiki Koji , Fujita Hiromasa , Itamochi Hiroaki , Oshita Takafumi , Kawarada Takahiro , Hatae Masayuki , Yokoyama Yoshihito 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeTo define the median endometrial thickness (ET) in office gynecology is thought to be important for clinical practice. However, there are few reports about ET that have included the general female population on a large scale. The median ET was determined prospectively in premenopausal women who attended office gynecology for cervical cancer screening.MethodsIn total, 849 women were enrolled. The median ET was determined by using transvaginal ultrasound and the relationships between the ET and various clinical factors were analyzed.ResultsThe participants' median age was 38.5 years. The median ET was 8.6 mm (90% and 95% quantiles: 13.8 and 15.8 mm). The ET was not related to their age, symptoms, obstetric history, geographical location, or risk factors for endometrial cancer. In the women with a menstrual cycle length of 28–30 days, the ET was 7 mm on days 1–6, but it increased from 5.4 mm immediately after menstruation (day 7 or 8) to 9.2 mm on days 13–14. Subsequently, the ET increased further to 11.1 mm on day 18.ConclusionIn all the women, the upper limit of the ET was 13.8 mm and 15.8 mm in the 90% and 95% quantile, respectively, in office gynecology.
Facile Solid‐State Synthesis of Ag/g‐C3N4 Reinforced Graphene Oxide for Enhanced Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Fuel Cell
Authors: Bhandary Nimai , Ingole Pravin P. , Basu Suddhasatwa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractHere, we report a rudimentary simple solid‐state heat treatment route for the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) reinforced with silver nanoparticles decorated graphitic carbon nitride (Ag/g‐C3N4) to develop an efficient Ag/g‐C3N4@GO electro‐catalyst for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The reinforcement of GO dramatically enhances the electro‐catalytic activity of the Ag/g‐C3N4 composite material by increasing the conductivity of the low conducting g‐C3N4 base material. Thorough characterization of the as prepared material by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman, EDX and electrochemical techniques confirms that Ag nanoparticles decorated g‐C3N4 matrix is homogeneously reinforced with the GO. The electro‐catalyst demonstrate excellent ORR activity following four electron pathway with lower onset potential and higher limiting current density as compared to the several other reported Ag‐based nanostructured materials including Ag NPs supported on Vulcan carbon. The continuously decreasing Tafel slope (from 154 mV/dec for g‐C3N4 to 117 mV/dec for Ag/g‐C3N4@GO) and increasing exchange current density (from 6.46 x 10−8 Acm−2 for g‐C3N4 to 1.58 x 10−5 Acm−2 for Ag/g‐C3N4@GO) suggests the much facile electrodics on the surface of Ag/g‐C3N4@GO modified electrodes than that of g‐C3N4 and Ag/g‐C3N4. Furthermore, the catalyst shows excellent methanol tolerance activity and electrochemical stability towards long term applications.