bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thinning in artificially regenerated young beech stands
Authors: Novák Jiří , Dušek David , Slodičák Marian 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAlthough beech stands are usually regenerated naturally, an area of up to 5,000 ha year−1is artificially regenerated by beech in the Czech Republic annually. Unfortunately, these stands often showed insufficient stand density and, consequently, lower quality of stems. Therefore, thinning methods developed for naturally regenerated beech stands are applicable with difficulties. The paper evaluates the data from two thinning experiments established in young artificially regenerated beech stands located in different growing conditions. In both experiments, thinning resulted in the lower amount of salvage cut in following years. Positive effect of thinning on periodic stand basal area increment and on periodic diameter increment of dominant trees was found in the beech stand located at middle elevations. On the other hand, thinning effects in mountain conditions were negligible. Thinning focusing on future stand quality cannot be commonly applied in artificially regenerated beech stands because of their worse initial quality and lower density. However, these stands show good growth and response to thinning, hence their management can be focused on maximising beech wood production.
A Novel Triangular Shaped UWB Fractal Antenna Using Circular Slot
Authors: Shahu Babu Lal , Pal Srikanta , Chattoraj Neela 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe article presents the design of triangular shaped fractal based antenna with circular slot for ultra wideband (UWB) application. The antenna is fed using microstrip line and has overall dimension of 24×24×1.6 mm
Model application for rapid detection of the exact location when calling an ambulance using OGC Open GeoSMS Standards
Authors: Sukic Enes , Stoimenov Leonid 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe web has penetrated just about every sphere of human interest and using information from the web has become ubiquitous among different categories of users. Medicine has long being using the benefits of modern technologies and without them it cannot function. This paper offers a proposal of use and mutual collaboration of several modern technologies within facilitating the location and communication between persons in need of emergency medical assistance and the emergency head offices, i.e., the ambulance. The main advantage of the proposed model is the technical possibility of implementation and use of these technologies in developing countries and low implementation cost.
Impact of visceral fat volume and fat density on biochemical outcome after radical prostatectomy and postoperative radiotherapy
Authors: Zimmermann Michel , Delouya Guila , Barkati Maroie , Campeau Shanie , Rompotinos Denis , Taussky Daniel 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background: To assess the predictive value of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and adipose tissue density after both radical prostatectomy (RP) and adjuvant or salvage external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Materials and methods: We randomly selected 201 patients treated with RP and EBRT between 2005 and 2015. Visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes were manually contoured and corresponding tissue densities in Hounsfield units (HU) calculated. Time to biochemical recurrence (BCR) was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and comparisons were made using the log-rank test. Cox regression analysis was done for multivariate analysis.

Results: Median time to BCR or last follow-up was 32 months. In univariate analysis for BCR, VAT volume and fat density were both associated with a better outcome (p=0.025 and p=0.024, respectively) as well as seminal vesicle involvement (p=0.024). Body mass index (BMI) was not predictive of BCR (p=0.32). In a multivariate model including seminal vesicle involvement, both a VAT volume above the median (HR2.5, 95%CI 1.1–5.7, p=0.03) and a VAT density (HR 2.4, 95%CI 1.1–5.1, p=0.028) above the median remained predictive for a better biochemical outcome. Adjusting for BMI did not significantly change the model.

Conclusions: In both univariate and multivariate analysis, patients with both a larger VAT volume and density had a better biochemical outcome. The interaction between prostate cancer aggressiveness and visceral fat volume and density needs to be further evaluated to provide a better understanding of this disease.
Double-Balloon Enteroscopy-detected Lipid Islets in the Small Bowel are Strong Predictors of Cardiovascular Disease when associated with Angiectasia and Bleeding
Authors: Albrecht Heinz , Hagel Wolfgang H. , Hagel Alexander F. , Neurath Markus F. , Raithel Martin 
Published: March 2016

Background & Aims: Double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a sensitive and safe procedure for the detection and treatment of mid-gastrointestinal bleeding (MGIB). It combines the possibility of a panenteroscopy with the immediate chance for intervention. This study evaluates the yield of DBE for the detection and treatment of MGIB in an unselected patient cohort.
Methods: In a five-year period a total of 119 DBEs were carried out on 62 patients due to MGIB. Inclusion criteria were hematochezia, melena, anemia, positive hemoccult-test and iron deficiency. All pre-existing diseases or comorbidities were evaluated. Two main statistical methodologies were used in data analysis: descriptive statistics to describe the basic features of our data and Fisher’s exact test for comparisons of proportions.
Results: The diagnostic yield was 69% (pathological findings in 43/62 patients) and the main diagnoses in all DBE-procedures were angiodysplasia (22%, 26/119 DBE), followed by lipid islets (18%, 21/119 DBE). In all patients with lipid islets this diagnosis was significantly connected with cardiovascular diseases. The combination of lipid islets and a relevant bleeding source appeared in 79% of the 19 patients with these findings. Of these, 53% had to be treated due to the bleeding event. The overall therapeutic intervention rate was 58%. Serious complications such as perforation or pancreatitis did not occur.
Conclusion: Double-balloon enteroscopy as the gold standard for small bowel investigation in MGIB confirmed its high diagnostic yield in an unselected cohort of patients. A new strong combination of lipid islets with cardiovascular disease was revealed, with a high incidence of angiectasia bleeding. This combination should be evaluated in more detail as a new risk factor for MGIB, and should be regarded in this population when therapeutic anticoagulation is needed.
Abbreviations: APC: argon plasma coagulation; CE: capsule endoscopy; DBE: double-balloon enteroscopy; EGD: esophagogastroduodenoscopy; ERCP: endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography; MGIB: mid-gastrointestinal bleeding; OGIB: obscure gastrointestinal bleeding; PE: push enteroscopy.
Enteroscopic Tattooing for Better Intraoperative Localization of a Bleeding Jejunal GIST Facilitates Minimally Invasive Laparoscopically-assisted Surgery
Authors: Iacob Razvan , Dimitriu Anca , Stanciulea Oana , Herlea Vlad , Popescu Irinel , Gheorghe Cristian 
Published: March 2016

We present the case of a 63-year-old man that was admitted for melena and severe anemia. Upper GI endoscopy and colonoscopy failed to identify the lesion responsible for bleeding, and enteroCT scan was also non-contributive to the diagnosis. Capsule endoscopy indicated possible jejunal bleeding but could not indicate the source of bleeding, recommending anterograde enteroscopy. Single balloon enteroscopy identified a 2 cm submucosal tumour in the distal part of the jejunum, with a macroscopic appearance suggesting a gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST). The tumor location was marked using SPOT tattoo and subsequently easily identified by the surgeon and resected via minimally invasive laparoscopic-assisted approach. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis indicated a low risk GIST.The unusual small size of the GIST as a modality of presentation, with digestive bleeding and anemia and the ability to use VCE/enteroscopy to identify and mark the lesion prior to minimally invasive surgery, represent the particularities of the presented case.
Abbreviations: CA19-9: cancer antigen 19-9; CEA: carcinoembryonic antigen; GI: gastrointestinal; GIST: gastrointestinal stromal tumor; Hb: hemoglobin; HPF: high power field; MCH: mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCV: mean corpuscular volume; VCE: videocapsule endoscopy.
PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA SOBRE O PROCESSO DE LIDERANÇA
Authors: Oliveira Francieuda Pessoa de , Delfino Islania Andrade de Lira 
Published: March 2016

<strong>RESUMO</strong> <p><strong> </strong></p> <p>A liderança constitui um dos mais complexos fenômenos que permeiam os estudos organizacionais, apesar de muito explorado e discutido. Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar como está configurada a pesquisa acadêmica sobre o processo de liderança no período correspondente aos anos de 1981 a 2010. Os estudos dos traços pessoais do líder, dos estilos de liderança, da liderança contingencial, da nova liderança e da liderança de equipes são identificados como as principais abordagens. Surge a importância de fornecer subsídios científicos por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica ao estudo do processo de liderança, partindo do pressuposto defendido pelo enfoque contingencial de que a liderança efetiva abrange o líder, os liderados e a situação. A metodologia adotada envolve uma extensiva revisão bibliográfica com a busca sistemática nos artigos de eventos e periódicos classificados pela CAPES com o conceito Qualis A e B, além de obras dos principais autores da área de Comportamento Organizacional e Liderança, publicados entre 1981 e 2010. Para o tratamento dos dados encontrados foi utilizada a análise bibliométrica, selecionando os que apresentam a expressão processo de liderança ou palavras relacionadas. Este trabalho procura contribuir com o desenvolvimento do construto de liderança por meio do aprofundamento do tema e da identificação de outras variáveis que compõem o processo, além de identificar os avanços e limitações na área.</p> <p> </p>
Współczesne wyzwania stojące przed planowaniem przestrzennym w świetle pardygmatu zrównoważonego rozwoju
Authors: Drzazga Dominik 
Published: March 2016

Niniejszy artykuł stanowi próbę wskazania autorskiej koncepcji zmian w systemie planowania przestrzennego i planowania rozwoju w Polsce.We wprowadzeniu do pracy scharakteryzowano krótko ewolucję planowania od narzędzia urbanistycznego służącego głównie porządkowaniu fizycznej przestrzeni do instrumentu służącego pobudzaniu procesów rozwoju i optymalizacji wykorzystania różnych zasobów. Wskazano na potrzebę integracji i stosowania podejścia funkcjonalnego w planowaniu. W dalszej części artykułu przybliżono wybrane, najistotniejsze słabości instytucjonalne obniżające skuteczność systemu planowania przestrzennego w Polsce. Mając je na względzie, w drugiej części artykułu zarysowano autorską koncepcję zmian na poziomie lokalnego i regionalnego planowania. Tekst kończy krótkie podsumowanie odnoszące się do warunków jakie muszą być spełnione dla wprowadzenia proponowanych zmian w systemie planowania rozwoju.
An Improved Complex Image Theory for Fast Resistivity Modeling and Its Application to Geosteering
Authors: Chen Jiefu , Wang Jing , Yu Yao 
Published: March 2016

Summary
azimuthal resistivity logging-while-drilling (LWD) tools with tilted antennas (Bittar 2002; Li et al. 2005) are widely used in geosteering because of their azimuthal sensitivity and the relatively large depth of investigation compared with other LWD tools such as nuclear, acoustic, or gamma ray measurements. Compared with conventional resistivity tools, azimuthal-resistivity LWD measurements can provide additional information including distance-to-boundary, relative dip angle, and resistivity anisotropy (Li et al. 2014). Because of the computing efficiency requirement, modeling and inversion of azimuthal-resistivity LWD measurements are usually based on a 1D parallel-layer model in practice (Zhong et al. 2008). Clearly, this 1D model assumption is not applicable to some realistic situations such as when the tool is navigating in unparallel-layer formation, or approaching a fault.
The 3D full-wave simulations such as finite-difference or finite-element methods can handle the complex cases, but they are generally too slow for real jobs, not to mention the inversion that is based on iterative calls of forward modeling. An approximation method called complex image theory was proposed for geophysical prospecting (Wait 1969; Bannister 1986), and recently was introduced to well logging (Dong and Wang 2011; Wang and Liu 2014). This theory approximates electromagnetic-wave reflection by an interface between local and adjacent beds as signal radiated from a virtual source with a complex distance from the observation point. The complex image theory can be several orders of magnitude more efficient than 3D simulations. However, it also has several limitations: This method only works in resistive beds with conductive shoulders, and the measurement cannot be too close to bed interfaces. Those shortcomings greatly limit this method to more extensive applications.
An improved complex image theory is proposed here to tackle the aforementioned difficulties. This improved theory can handle a very short distance from the tool to a bed interface as well as the scenarios in which the source is in a conductive bed instead of a resistive one. One can implement robust inversion schemes on the basis of this method. The effectiveness and efficiency of this method are verified by several numerical examples as well as laboratory tests and field jobs.
The influence of depth of anesthesia on motor evoked potential response during awake craniotomy
Authors: Ohtaki Shunya , Akiyama Yukinori , Kanno Aya , Noshiro Shouhei , Hayase Tomo , Yamakage Michiaki , Mikuni Nobuhiro 
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE
Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) are a critical indicator for monitoring motor function during neurological surgery. In this study, the influence of depth of anesthesia on MEP response was assessed.

METHODS
Twenty-eight patients with brain tumors who underwent awake craniotomy were included in this study. From a state of deep anesthesia until the awake state, MEP amplitude and latency were measured using 5-train electrical bipolar stimulations on the same site of the precentral gyrus each minute during the surgery. The depth of anesthesia was evaluated using the bispectral index (BIS). BIS levels were classified into 7 stages: < 40, and from 40 to 100 in groups of 10 each. MEP amplitude and latency of each stage were compared. The deviation of the MEP measurements, which was defined as a fluctuation from the average in every BIS stage, was also considered.

RESULTS
A total of 865 MEP waves in 28 cases were evaluated in this study. MEP amplitude was increased and latency was decreased in accordance with the increases in BIS level. The average MEP amplitudes in the > 90 BIS level was approximately 10 times higher than those in the < 40 BIS level. Furthermore, the average MEP latencies in the > 90 BIS level were 1.5–3.1 msec shorter than those in the < 60 BIS level. The deviation of measured MEP amplitudes in the > 90 BIS level was significantly stabilized in comparison with that in the < 60 BIS level.

CONCLUSIONS
MEP amplitude and latency were closely correlated with depth of anesthesia. In addition, the deviation in MEP amplitude was also correlated with depth of anesthesia, which was smaller during awake surgery (high BIS level) than during deep anesthesia. Therefore, MEP measurement would be more reliable in the awake state than under deep anesthesia.
Overutilization of bracing in the management of penetrating spinal cord injury from gunshot wounds
Authors: Eftekhary Nima , Nwosu Kenneth , McCoy Eric , Fukunaga Dudley , Rolfe Kevin 
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE
Penetrating gunshot wounds (GSWs) to the spinal column are stable injuries and do not require spinal orthoses or bracing postinjury. Nonetheless, a high number of GSW-related spinal cord injury (SCI) patients are referred with a brace to national rehabilitation centers. Unnecessary bracing may encumber rehabilitation, create skin breakdown or pressure ulcers, and add excessive costs. The aim of this study was to confirm the stability of spinal column injuries from GSWs and quantify the overutilization rate of bracing based on long-term follow-up.

METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was performed at a nationally renowned rehabilitation center. In total, 487 GSW-related SCI patients were transferred for rehabilitation and identified over the last 14 years. Retrospective chart review and telephone interviews were conducted to identify patients who were braced at the initial treating institution and determine if late instability, deformity, or neurological deterioration resulted in secondary surgery or intervention. In addition, 396 unoperated patients were available for analysis after 91 patients were excluded for undergoing an initial destabilizing surgical dissection or laminectomy, thereby altering the natural history of the injury. All of these 396 patients who presented with a brace had bracing discontinued upon reaching the facility.

RESULTS
In total, 203 of 396 patients were transferred with a spinal brace, demonstrating an overutilization rate of 51%. No patients deteriorated neurologically or needed later surgery for spinal column deformity or instability attributable to the injury. All patients had stable injuries. The patterns of injury and severity of neurological injury did not vary between patients who were initially braced or unbraced. The average follow-up was 7.8 years (range 1–14 years) and the average age was 25 years (range 10–62 years).

CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of brace overutilization for penetrating GSW-related SCI was 51%. Long-term follow-up in this study confirmed that these injuries were stable and thus did not require bracing. No patients deteriorated neurologically, whether or not they were initially braced. The unnecessary use of spinal orthoses increases costs and patient morbidity. Reeducation and dissemination of this information is warranted.
Uremic tumoral calcinosis in the cervical spine: case report
Authors: Fatehi Mostafa , Ahuja Christopher S. , Wang Shelly , Ginsberg Howard J. 
Published: March 2016

Tumoral calcinosis is an uncommon condition characterized by the calcification of periarticular soft tissue. In uremic patients the disease is secondary to metabolic disturbances in predisposed patients. The authors report the case of a 73-year-old woman who presented with a new painful cervical mass while undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis for long-standing end-stage renal disease (ESRD). A CT scan of the neck showed a lobulated, calcified mass in the left paraspinal soft tissue at C2–3. This mass affected the facet joint and also extended into the neural foramen but did not cause any neurological compromise. Due to the patient's significant medical comorbidities, resection was deferred and the patient was followed in the clinic. Subsequent repeat imaging has shown a significant decrease in the size of the mass. In the context of ESRD, a diagnosis of uremic tumoral calcinosis (UTC) was made. The authors conducted a search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases and identified 7 previously reported cases of UTC of the cervical spine. They present a summary of these cases and discuss the etiology, diagnosis, and management of the condition.
Although the metabolic disturbances seen in patients undergoing dialysis can lead to tumoral calcinosis, most reported cases involve large joints such as the shoulder or the hip; however, the spine can also be affected and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with uremia as it can mimic aggressive bone-forming neoplasms.
Growing hungry: The politics of food distribution and the shifting boundaries between urban and rural in Dar es Salaam
Authors: Brownell Emily 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
'Growing Hungry' considers the continued relevance of Raymond Williams's seminal text, The Country and the City, through the case study of socialist era Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. This article juxtaposes state and international rhetoric that sought to administer African development through fixity of populations while the livelihood of many of Tanzanians relied on travelling and living between city and country. Julius Nyerere, Tanzania's first president, was particularly driven to avoid the migration of urban Tanzanians to the city and developed a staunch anti-urban GE 273 policy. This policy was accompanied by a moralising rhetoric that portrayed urbanites as slothful and obstacles to rural nation-building. And yet, as state channels for food distribution began to fail, as did attempts to depopulate the city, the state's new approach sought to turn as much of Dar es Salaam into agricultural space as possible and in the process make workers out of 'parasites'. Urban agriculture and family networks becomes key bulwarks against hunger in the city by the early 1980s and, somewhat ironically considering the state's anti-urban stance, this very act of ruralising the city expanded the city into its hinterland.
Secure multi-execution: Fine-grained, declassification-aware, and transparent
Authors: Rafnsson Willard , Sabelfeld Andrei 
Published: March 2016

Recently, much progress has been made on achieving information-flow security via secure multi-execution. Secure multi-execution ([Formula: see text]) is an elegant way to enforce security by executing a given program multiple times, once for each security level, while carefully dispatching inputs and ensuring that an execution at a given level is responsible for producing outputs for information sinks at that level. Secure multi-execution guarantees noninterference, in the sense of no dependencies from secret inputs to public outputs, and transparency, in the sense that if a program is secure then its secure multi-execution does not disable any of its original behavior. This paper pushes the boundary of what can be achieved with secure multi-execution. First, we lift the assumption from the original secure multi-execution work on the totality of the input environment (that there is always assumed to be input) and on cooperative scheduling. Second, we generalize secure multi-execution to distinguish between security levels of presence and content of messages. Third, we introduce a declassification model for secure multi-execution that allows expressing what information can be released and where it can be released. Fourth, we establish a full transparency result showing how secure multi-execution can preserve the original order of messages in secure programs. We demonstrate that full transparency is a key enabler for discovering attacks with secure multi-execution.