bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Vessel wall and adventitial DCE‐MRI parameters demonstrate similar correlations with carotid plaque microvasculature on histology
Authors: van Hoof Raf H.M. , Vöö Stefan A. , Sluimer Judith C. , Wijnen Nicky J.A. , Hermeling Evelien , Schreuder Floris H.B.M. , Truijman Martine T.B , Cleutjens Jack P.M. , Daemen Mat J.A.P. , Daemen Jan‐Willem H. , van Oostenbrugge Robert J. , Mess Werner H. , Wildberger Joachim E. , Heeneman Sylvia , Kooi M. Eline 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo assess parameter agreement of volume transfer coefficient (Ktrans) between two vascular regions and to study the correlation with microvessel density on histology. The dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) parameter Ktrans is frequently used to study atherosclerotic plaque microvasculature. Ktrans has been reported using different descriptive statistics (mean, median, 75th percentile) either for the whole vessel wall or the adventitia in previous studies.Materials and MethodsDCE‐MRI parameter agreement was analyzed in 110 symptomatic patients with ≥2 mm carotid plaque that underwent a 3T carotid DCE‐MRI examination. Ktrans was estimated in the entire vessel wall and adventitia. Twenty‐three patients underwent carotid endarterectomy and were used for comparison with histological quantification of microvessel density of the plaque using CD31 immunohistochemistry. DCE‐MRI parameters in the vessel wall regions were compared using Pearson's correlation coefficient, Bland–Altman analysis, and a two‐sided paired samples t‐test. Correlation of the DCE‐MRI parameters with histology was studied using the Pearson's correlation coefficient.ResultsMedian adventitial Ktrans was 5% higher (P = 0.003) than entire vessel wall Ktrans, with no differences for other descriptive statistics. Vessel wall and adventitial Ktrans showed similar moderately strong correlations with plaque microvessel density on histology (Pearson's ρ: 0.59–0.65 [P < 0.003] and 0.52–0.64 [P < 0.011], respectively).ConclusionThe similar moderately strong correlations for vessel wall and adventitial Ktrans with microvessel density on histology suggested that both regions reflected plaque microvessel density. Care should to be taken when comparing absolute values between studies. Future studies incorporating thresholds for risk stratification need to agree upon standardization of DCE‐MRI parameters.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2017;46:1053–1059.
Meta‐analysis of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity on magnetic resonance imaging as a marker for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Mahlknecht Philipp , Krismer Florian , Poewe Werner , Seppi Klaus 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundDorsolateral nigral hyperintensity on iron‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences seems to be a typical finding in Parkinson's disease (PD), but most studies have involved small samples and have had heterogeneous control populations.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to perform a meta‐analysis on dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity as an imaging marker for PD.MethodsThe methods included a systematic literature search and a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristics curve approach.ResultsOf the 16 identified studies, 10 were suitable for analysis, including 364 PD and 231 control cases. The meta‐analysis showed an overall sensitivity and specificity of the absence of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity for PD versus controls of 97.7% and 94.6% (3 and 7 Tesla) and of 94.6% and 94.4% (3 Tesla only). Descriptive analysis among the 4 studies including patients with non‐PD parkinsonism showed that dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity was absent in 89.4% of cases with atypical parkinsonian disorders (n = 74), but only in 21.7% of cases with non‐neurodegenerative parkinsonism (n = 69). Moreover, in 2 of these studies, the absence of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity predicted ipsilateral dopamine‐transporter deficiency with 87.5% sensitivity and 83.6% specificity.ConclusionsVisual assessment of dorsolateral nigral hyperintensity on iron‐sensitive MRI sequences provides excellent diagnostic accuracy for PD versus controls. Moreover, its loss appears to be a marker of nigral pathology and holds the potential for the differentiation of neurodegenerative from non‐neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorders. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Prevalence and correlates of somatoform disorders in the elderly: Results of a European study
Authors: Dehoust Maria Christina , Schulz Holger , Härter Martin , Volkert Jana , Sehner Susanne , Drabik Anna , Wegscheider Karl , Canuto Alessandra , Weber Kerstin , Crawford Mike , Quirk Alan , Grassi Luigi , DaRonch Chiara , Munoz Manuel , Ausin Berta , Santos‐Olmo Anna , Shalev Arieh , Rotenstein Ora , Hershkowitz Yael , Strehle Jens , Wittchen Hans‐Ulrich , Andreas Sylke 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSomatoform disorders have rarely been addressed in epidemiological and health care services studies of the elderly. The few existing studies vary considerably in their methodologies limiting comparability of findings. Data come from the MentDis_ICF65+ study, in which a total of 3142 community‐dwelling respondents aged 65–84 years from six different countries were assessed by the Composite International Diagnostic Interview adapted to the needs of the elderly (CIDI65+). The 12‐month prevalence rate for any somatoform disorders was found to be 3.8, whereby the prevalence for somatization disorder according to DSM‐IV was 0%, the prevalence for abridged somatization was 1.7% and the rate for 12‐months somatoform pain disorder was 2.6%. We found a significant variation by study centre (p < 0.005). There was a significant gender difference for pain disorder, but not for abridged somatization. Significant age‐related effects revealed for both disorder groups. Somatoform disorders were found to be associated with other mental disorders [odds ratio (OR) anxiety =4.8, OR affective disorders 3.6], as well as with several impairments and disabilities. Somatoform disorders are prevalent, highly impairing conditions in older adults, which are often associated with other mental disorders and should receive more research and clinical attention.
Evaluation of a joint adult and pediatric clinic for cancer survivorship care
Authors: Kam Vicki , Hendershot Eleanor , Anderson Loretta , Marjerrison Stacey 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe best model of care for long‐term follow‐up of survivors of childhood cancer is uncertain. We describe the care experience provided by the joint adult/pediatric AfterCare Clinic at the McMaster Children's Hospital. Secondary outcomes include an evaluation of cancer worry, self‐management skills, and loss to follow‐up rates.MethodsAfterCare Clinic patients aged 19–29 years were approached for study participation between January and March 2016. Data were collected from a cross‐sectional survey, consisting of the Cancer Care Experience Questionnaire (CCEQ), Cancer Worry Scale (CWS), and Self‐Management Skills Scale (SMSS). Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics.ResultsSeventy‐three (40%) patients participated in the survey, 17 (23%) anonymously. Demographic characteristics of the nonanonymous participants were representative of the total clinic cohort. Most respondents were satisfied with the quality of care and anticipatory guidance provided, demonstrated by the CCEQ responses. Respondents had a high degree of cancer worries (mean score 50.6 [±18.4]), but good self‐management skills (72.0 [±10.9]). Our 5‐year loss to follow‐up rate was 3.8%. Sensitivity analyses showed no difference in responses between the total cohort and the nonanonymous participants.ConclusionsThis sample of young adult survivors of childhood cancer had a higher degree of cancer worries and higher self‐management skills scores than a younger cohort of survivors of childhood cancer in the literature. Given this, along with the positive care experience reported, and the low loss to follow‐up rate, the joint adult/pediatric model of survivorship care appears to be meeting the needs of this population.
Contribution of maternal copy number variations to false‐positive fetal trisomies detected by noninvasive prenatal testing
Authors: Zhou Xiya , Sui Lili , Xu Yalan , Song Yijun , Qi Qingwei , Zhang Jianguang , Zhu Hongmin , Sun Huaiyu , Tian Feng , Xu Mengnan , Cram David S. , Liu Juntao 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of the study was to determine the contribution and significance of maternal copy number variations (CNVs) to false‐positive noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) trisomy results.MethodsA total of 112 021 patients were referred for NIPT. Fetal aneuploidy testing was performed using low coverage massively parallel sequencing, and results reported as chromosome Z‐scores. Copy number variation sequencing (CNV‐Seq) was used to detect maternal DNA CNVs.ResultsConfirmatory amniocentesis and karyotyping of 563 of 781 patients (72%) receiving a positive trisomy result revealed 489 true and 74 false positives. In 6 of these 74 patients (8.1%), CNV‐Seq revealed non‐pathogenic maternal duplications (1.76–10.90 megabases) on the chromosome associated with the fetal trisomy. There was a strong correlation of higher Z‐scores with increasing size of the maternal CNVs (R2 = 0.94). When the contribution of the maternal CNV‐Seq reads to chromosome Z‐scores were removed, all original Z‐scores shifted to the normal range.ConclusionsMaternal CNVs can potentially contribute to a small but significant number of false‐positive fetal trisomies detected by NIPT. To avoid unnecessary invasive procedures and better manage patients, we recommend that confirmatory maternal DNA sequencing is performed when the NIPT methodology used indicates a high risk of a maternal CNV. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Efficacy of SpayVac® as a contraceptive in feral horses
Authors: Roelle James E. , Germaine Stephen S. , Kane Albert J. , Cade Brian S. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTWe tested the efficacy of 2 formulations of the immunocontraceptive SpayVac®, which packages the immunogen porcine zona pellucida (PZP) and an adjuvant in multilamellar liposomes, as a contraceptive in captive feral horses (Equus caballus) for 3 consecutive breeding seasons (Pauls Valley, OK, USA; 2012–2014) following a single inoculation. Annual fertility rates in control adult female horses (n = 30 each yr) were 100%, 96.7%, and 100%. In the nonaqueous treatment group, fertility was 16.7% in the first year (n = 30) and 75.9% in the second year (n = 29), at which point we dropped the group from the study. Fertility rates in the aqueous group were 13.3%, 46.7%, and 43.3% (n = 30 each yr). Fifteen of the females in the aqueous group were infertile in all 3 years. Across 11 sampling dates postvaccination, mean PZP antibody titers in serum were 33.7–91.9% greater in nonpregnant females than pregnant females for the aqueous treatment group and 7.8–82.8% greater for the nonaqueous group. However, the 15 consistently infertile females did not necessarily have the greatest antibody titers. Reactions at the injection site occurred in 29.8% of the 84 females that received an injection other than saline solution, but there was no evidence that the reactions were painful or affected mobility. The nonaqueous formulation produced more local reactions than did the aqueous, but presence of PZP did not increase the frequency of reactions above that seen with liposomes + adjuvant. Uterine edema was not found at frequencies greater than would be expected in untreated females. Additional research to explore relationships between vaccine dose, adjuvant, and efficacy is warranted. Published 2017. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domainin the USA.
Indice de Morse des applications p-harmoniques
Authors: El Soufi Ahmad , Jeune Albert 
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we investigate estimates and calculation of the Morse index of

p

-harmonic maps, with

p\in [2, +∞[

. More particularly, we deal with the identity map and maps from or to spheres. Our results extend those obtained for harmonic maps (case

p = 2

) in [2], [3] and [9].

Résumé

Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons à l’estimation et au calcul de l’indice de Morse des applications

p

-harmoniques, où

p\in [2, +∞[

. Nous y traitons notamment le cas de l’application identité, ainsi que celui des applications définies sur des sphères où à valeurs dans des sphères. Les résultats que nous obtenons généralisent un grand nombre de ceux obtenus pour les applications harmoniques (

p = 2

) dans [2], [3] et [9].
Properties of pseudoholomorphic curves in symplectisations I: Asymptotics
Authors: Hofer H. , Wysocki K. , Zehnder E. 
Published: February 2017

Given an oriented, compact, 3-dimenional contact manifold

(M,λ)

we study maps

\tilde u= (a,u):ℂ\rightarrow ℝ \times M

satisfying the Cauchy–Riemann type equation

\tilde u_{s} + \tilde J(\tilde u)\tilde u_{t} = 0

, with a very special almost complex structure

\tilde J

related to the contact form

λ

on

M

. If the energy is positive and bounded,

0\: < \: E(\tilde u)\: < \:∞

, then the asymptotic behavior of

u: ℂ → M

as

|z| → ∞

is intimately related to the dynamics of the Reeb vector field

X_λ

on

M

. Assuming the periodic solutions of

X_λ

to be non degenerate, we shall show that

\lim _{R\rightarrow ∞}\:u(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{e}^{2\pi it}) = x(Tt)

for a

T

-periodic solution

x

with

E(\tilde u)\: = \:T

. The main result is an asymptotic formula which demonstrates the exponential nature of this limit. Some consequences for the geometry of the maps

u : ℂ → M

are deduced.

Résumé

Étant donnée

(M,λ)

une variété de type contact, compacte, orientée et de dimension trois, nous étudions les applications

\tilde u= (a,u):ℂ\rightarrow ℝ \times M

solutions de l’équation de type Cauchy–Riemann

\tilde u_{s} + \tilde J(\tilde u)\tilde u_{t} = 0

où

\tilde J

est une structure presque complexe très particulière, reliée à la forme de contact

λ

définie sur

M

. Lorsque l’énergie est positive et bornée,

0\: < \: E(\tilde u)\: < \:∞

, le comportement asymptotique d’une solution

u: ℂ → M

quand

|z| → ∞

, est intimement lié à la dynamique du champ de Reeb

X_λ

défini sur

M

. Supposant que les orbites périodiques de

X_λ

sont non dégénérées, nous allons montrer que lorsque

R → ∞

,

\lim u(\mathrm{R}\mathrm{e}^{2πit}) = x(Tt)

, où

x

est une orbite

T

-périodique de

X_λ

vérifiant

T\: = \:E(\tilde u)

. Le principal résultat de cet article est une formule asymptotique qui établit la nature exponentielle de cette limite. On en déduit certaines conséquences pour la géométrie des solutions

u : ℂ → M

.
Lorenz attractor through saddle-node bifurcations
Authors: Morales C.A. 
Published: February 2017

In this paper we consider the unfolding of a geometric Lorenz attractor when the singularity contained in this attractor goes through a saddle-node bifurcation. It is shown that these unfoldings can carry such a geometric Lorenz attractor either directly into a hyperbolic Plykin attractor or into phenomena associated to the unfolding of homoclinic tangencies like for instance strange Henon-like attractors and infinitely many sinks.

Résumé
Nous considérons le déploiement d’un attracteur de Lorenz géométrique lorsque la singularité contenue dans l’attracteur passe par une bifurcation selle-nœud. On montre que ces déploiements contiennent un attracteur de Lorenz géométrique qui est soit dans un attracteur de Plykin hyperbolique ou bien associé à un phénoméne de tangences homocliniques comme par exemple attracteurs étranges de type Hénon et infinité de puits.
Abnormal sub-Riemannian geodesics: Morse index and rigidity
Authors: Agrachev A.A. , Sarychev A.V. 
Published: February 2017

Considering a smooth manifold

Μ

provided with a sub-Riemannian structure, i.e. with Riemannian metric and nonintegrable vector distribution, we set a problem of finding for two given points

q^0, q^1 \in Μ

a length minimizer among Lipschitzian paths tangent to the vector distribution (admissible) and connecting these points. Extremals of this variational problem are called sub-Riemannian geodesics and we single out the abnormal sub-Riemannian geodesics, which correspond to the vanishing Lagrange multiplier for the length functional. These abnormal geodesics are not related to the Riemannian structure but only to the vector distribution and, in fact, are singular points in the set of admissible paths connecting

q^0

and

q^1

. Developing the Legendre–Jacobi–Morse-type theory of 2nd variation for abnormal geodesics we investigate some of their specific properties such as weak minimality and rigidity-isolatedness in the space of admissible paths connecting the two given points.

Résumé

Soit

Μ

une variété régulière avec une structure sous-riemannienne (i.e. avec une métrique riemannienne et une distribution vectorielle non intégrable). Nous étudions l’existence d’un chemin de longueur minimale entre deux points

q^0

et

q^1

de

Μ

, parmi les chemins lipschitziens tangents à la distribution vectorielle (chemins admissibles). Des points stationnaires de ce problème variationnel sont appelés des géodésiques sous-riemanniennes et nous nous intéressons plus particulièrement aux géodésiques sous-riemanniennes « anormales », correspondant à un multiplicateur de Lagrange nul. Les géodésiques anormales ne sont pas reliées à la structure riemannienne mais seulement à la distribution vectorielle et en fait sont des points irréguliers dans l’ensemble des chemins admissibles reliant

q^0

à

q^1

. En développant une théorie de type Legendre–Jacobi–Morse de seconde variation pour les géodésiques anormales, nous étudions quelques-unes de leurs propriétés spécifiques comme la minimalité faible et la rigidité – le fait qu’elles sont isolées dans l’espace des chemins admissibles reliant les deux points.
Inter-humanoid robot interaction with emphasis on detection: a comparison study
Authors: Shangari Taher Abbas , Shams Vida , Azari Bita , Shamshirdar Faraz , Baltes Jacky , Sadeghnejad Soroush 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRobot Interaction has always been a challenge in collaborative robotics. In tasks comprising Inter-Robot Interaction, robot detection is very often needed. We explore humanoid robots detection because, humanoid robots can be useful in many scenarios, and everything from helping elderly people live in their own homes to responding to disasters. Cameras are chosen because they are reach and cheap sensors, and there are lots of mature two-dimensional (2D) and 3D computer vision libraries which facilitate Image analysis. To tackle humanoid robot detection effectively, we collected a data set of various humanoid robots with different sizes in different environments. Afterward, we tested the well-known cascade classifier in combination with several image descriptors like Histograms of Oriented Gradients (HOG), Local Binary Patterns (LBP), etc. on this data set. Among the feature sets, Haar-like has the highest accuracy, LBP the highest recall, and HOG the highest precision. Considering Inter-Robot Interaction, it is evident that false positives are less troublesome than false negatives, thus LBP is more useful than the others.
Assessment of the structure and function of the aorta by echocardiography
Authors: Parthiban Anitha , Shirali Girish 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEchocardiography is the primary modality for imaging the aorta for the diagnosis and serial evaluation of pathological conditions. In this article, we review the methodology for optimal echocardiographic imaging of the various segments of the aorta and discuss abnormalities of the aorta including stenosis, dilation including aortopathy and sinus of Valsalva aneurysms, and fistulous communications involving the ascending aorta including aortoventricular tunnel and ruptured sinus of Valsalva aneurysm. We review novel echocardiographic measurements of aortic functional properties of the aorta such as elasticity and stiffness, and review the literature on the potential additive value of such measurements for structural assessment alone. Finally, we discuss the limitations of echocardiography in the precise and optimal imaging of the aorta.
Training cardiac surgeons: the Indiana University experience
Authors: Brown John W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this article, I will outline the origin of cardiothoracic surgical (CTS) training at Indiana University (IU) and its evolution to the present. I will describe my educational background, surgical training in this specialty, and my role as an educator of CT surgeons. I will describe our faculty and the structure of the CTS residency. Finally, I will describe a newly adopted smart phone “App” called SIMPL, which allows the resident and faculty to quickly (<4 minutes) evaluate the CTS resident’s performance for each surgical case they perform together. The tool prompts both parties to determine the resident’s level of involvement in >50% of the most critical aspects of each surgical procedure, the resident’s performance during the critical portion of the operation from poor to excellent, and the degree of difficulty of the operation from simple to complex. The attending surgeon and the resident data are then forwarded to the SIMPL database where the SIMPL software aggregates data for each resident and procedure producing a report at the end of the rotation of the resident’s performance relative to his peers. This additional evaluation process will better ensure that our CTS residents are “practice ready” when they complete their training.
Petit-spot as definitive evidence for partial melting in the asthenosphere caused by CO2
Authors: Machida Shiki , Kogiso Tetsu , Hirano Naoto 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe deep carbon cycle plays an important role on the chemical differentiation and physical properties of the Earth’s mantle. Especially in the asthenosphere, seismic low-velocity and high electrical conductivity due to carbon dioxide (CO2)-induced partial melting are expected but not directly observed. Here we discuss the experimental results relevant to the genesis of primitive CO2-rich alkali magma forming petit-spot volcanoes at the deformation front of the outer rise of the northwestern Pacific plate. The results suggest that primitive melt last equilibrated with depleted peridotite at 1.8–2.1 GPa and 1,280–1,290 °C. Although the equilibration pressure corresponds to the pressure of the lower lithosphere, by considering an equilibration temperature higher than the solidus in the volatile–peridotite system along with the temperature of the lower lithosphere, we conclude that CO2-rich silicate melt is always produced in the asthenosphere. The melt subsequently ascends into and equilibrates with the lower lithosphere before eruption.
Cooperative expression of atomic chirality in inorganic nanostructures
Authors: Wang Peng-peng , Yu Shang-Jie , Govorov Alexander O , Ouyang Min 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCooperative chirality phenomena extensively exist in biomolecular and organic systems via intra- and inter-molecular interactions, but study of inorganic materials has been lacking. Here we report, experimentally and theoretically, cooperative chirality in colloidal cinnabar mercury sulfide nanocrystals that originates from chirality interplay between the crystallographic lattice and geometric morphology at different length scales. A two-step synthetic scheme is developed to allow control of critical parameters of these two types of handedness, resulting in different chiral interplays expressed as observables through materials engineering. Furthermore, we adopt an electromagnetic model with the finite element method to elucidate cooperative chirality in inorganic systems, showing excellent agreement with experimental results. Our study enables an emerging class of nanostructures with tailored cooperative chirality that is vital for fundamental understanding of nanoscale chirality as well as technology applications based on new chiroptical building blocks.