bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BEBERAPA ASPEK BIOLOGI IKAN NILEM (Osteochillus vittatus) DI DANAU TALAGA, SULAWESI TENGAH
Authors: Putri Masayu Rahmia Anwar , Sugianti Yayuk , Krismono Krismono 
Published: September 2017

Ikan nilem (Osteochillus vittatus) merupakan ikan introduksi diDanau Talaga,Kabupaten Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah. Studi tentang biologi populasi suatu spesiesakanmembantu dalammemahami pengelolaannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengetahui beberapa aspek biologi ikan nilem(Osteochillus vittatus)sebagai informasi dasar dalam langkah pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan di Danau Talaga. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret, Mei, Juli dan Oktober Tahun 2013. Sampel ikan nilem diperoleh dengan melakukan percobaan penangkapan menggunakan 2 set jaring insang (ukuran mata jaring 1, 1½, 2, 3 dan 4 inci). Ikan yang didapat, diukur panjang total (cm) dan beratnya (g). Pengamatan isi perut dan gonad dilakukan di laboratorium Biologi Ikan, Balai Penelitian Pemulihan dan Konservasi Sumberdaya Ikan.Ikan nilem merupakan ikan yang dominan tertangkap di Danau Talaga dengan kisaran ukuran panjang antara 11-22,7 cmdan ukuran berat antara 15,79 – 171,43 g, dimana ikan dengan kelompok panjang antara 14-15 cmmendominasi tangkapan. Pola pertumbuhan ikan nilembersifat alometrik negatif. Ikan nilemdikategorikan sebagai ikan herbivor dengan makanan utamanya adalah tumbuhan. Ikan nilem yang dominan tertangkap berada pada tingkat kematangan gonad (TKG) IV, dimana ukuran pertama kali matang gonad (Lm) baik jantan atau betina lebih kecil dibandingkan Lm ikan nilem pada beberapa referensi. Hal ini mengindikasikan bahwa ikan nilem di Danau Talaga matang gonad pada ukuran yang lebih kecil. Tipe pemijahan ikan nilemdi Danau Talagaadalah total spawner dan dapat memijah sepanjang tahun.Bonylip barb (Osteochillus vittatus) was one of introduction fish species in Sulawesi waters, including Lake Talaga, Donggala,Central Sulawesi. Study on biology populationof species will assist in understanding of its management. The aim of this research is to know some biological aspects of bonylip barb as basic information in fish resource management of Lake Talaga. The researchwas conducted on March, May, July and October 2013. The fish samples werecaptured by 2 sets experimental gillnet(mesh size 1, 1½, 2, 3 and 4 inch). These samples then measured its length and weight. The stomach content and gonad was observed at biological laboratory of Research institute for Fisheries Enhancement and Conservation. Bonylip barb is a dominant fish at Lake Talaga with the length range between 11-22.7 cm and weight range between 15.79 – 171.43 g. The fishes with the length group 14-15 cm were dominatedin fish catch. Bonylip barbwas an herbivore fish with plants as the main food. Thefish with stage IV of gonadsmaturitywere dominated, with the first length of maturity (Lm) in Lake Talagawas smaller than other references, either male or female fish.It was indicatedthat in Lake Talaga, bonylip barb fishwas matured in smaller size. Thebonylip barb is a total spawner and the spawning period of it may occurred throughout the year.
Kontroversi Hukum Rokok dalam Kitab Irsyād Al-Ikhwān Karya Syekh Ihsan Muhammad Dahlan
Authors: Hidayat R. Aris 
Published: September 2017

<p>Fatwa MUI on illicit nature of cigarettes, sparking a debate in the public. Polemics involving the government, tobacco companies, tobacco farmers, cigarette consumers, clergy, health organizations and other community elements. Polemic about the law of cigarettes, according to the search on the manuscript, actually has been going on long before the fatwa MUI. It can be seen on a manuscript entitled Irsyad Al-Ikhwan, work of Sheikh Ihsan Muhammad Dahlan of Boarding Schools (Pondok Pesantren) Jampes Kediri East Java. According to Sheikh Ihsan, the legal position of smoking is found only opinions / ijtihad of the scholars alone, that would be deviation (there is a difference of opinion). Smoking is not a single legal position, some have argued haram, halal, permissible, and even beneficial makruh. It happens because there is a precondition in the case of smoking.</p><p>---</p><p><br />Fatwa MUI tentang sifat bahaya rokok, memicu perdebatan di masyarakat, yaitu polemik yang melibatkan pemerintah, perusahaan tembakau, petani tembakau, konsumen rokok, kyai atau tokoh agama, organisasi kesehatan dan elemen masyarakat lainnya. Polemik tentang hukum rokok, menurut hasil pencarian naskahnya, sebenarnya sudah terjadi jauh sebelum fatwa MUI dikeluarkan. Hal itu bisa dilihat pada manuskrip yang berjudul Irsyad Al-Ikhwan, karya Sheikh Ihsan Muhammad Dahlan dari Pondok Pesantren Jampes Kediri Jawa Timur. Menurut Sheikh Ihsan, posisi hukum merokok hanya merupakan opini / ijtihad para ulama saja, sehingga menimbulkan perbedaan pendapat. Posisi hukum merokok tidaklah tunggal, ada yang berpendapat haram, halal, diperbolehkan, dan bahkan makruh. Itu terjadi karena ada prasyarat dalam kasus merokok.</p><p> </p>
Art expertise and attribution of museum porcelain and faience
Authors: Revenok Natalia Nikolaevna 
Published: September 2017

The article considers problems of research of museum art porcelain and faience of the XIX – the beginning of the XX century in the process of carrying out fine art expertise and also reveals the main criteria of Museum attribution. An important part of the examination methodology of thin-ceramic products is the development of special methods for their study in the conditions of modern laboratories on the latest-generation devices. The results presented in the article can contribute to the practical application of the proposed methods in conducting art criticism of art porcelain and faience in the museum research and restoration work.
To the question of admiral A.V. Kolchak’s activity in anti-Bolshevik movement (on the Russian émigré literature)
Authors: Baklanova Irina Semenovna 
Published: September 2017

The article examines the points of view of the Russian émigré literature concerning the activities of an admiral A.V. Kolchak in the anti-Bolshevik movement – work for the government of a Lieutenant-General D.L. Croatia in Harbin, the performance of the duties of a Supreme Ruler and Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the views of such emigrant authors as the generals A.P. Budberg, N.N. Golovin, D.V. Filatev, a member of the government A.V. Kolchak, G.K. Hins, head of the constitutional-democratic party P.N. Miliukov, who considered the admiral's involvement in the dictator's duties as a mistake, which had great negative consequences for the White movement in the East of the country.
Nutritional requirements of freshwater ornamental fish: a review
Authors: Velasco-Santamaría Yohana , Corredor-Santamaría Wilson 
Published: September 2017

The knowledge of nutritional requirements in ornamental fish species is essential to improve the productive development; however, the nutritional information of these species is scarce and sometimes this information is extrapolated from results obtained from nonornamental fish species. In ornamental fish, a correct formulation of the diet improve the nutrient digestibility and supply the metabolic needs, reducing the maintenance cost and at the same time the water pollution. Inert food such as meal powder, flakes, milk powder, bovine heart and liver, tubifex worms, as well as live food including Artemia sp., rotifers and Moina have been used extensively in ornamental fish feeding with a diverse range of nutritional values and productive properties. In contrast with farmed fish, skin pigmentation is a mandatory characteristic in ornamental fish and the use of dietary supplements with carotenoids is recommended. The aim of this document is to review the specific nutritional requirements which are indispensable to improve economical and productive potential of freshwater ornamental fish. Key words: Aquarium fish, carotenoids, energy, lipids, ornamental fish, protein, vitamins. (Sources: AIMS, CAB).
ACTIVIDAD GENOTÃXICA DE AGUAS ANTES Y DESPUES DE CLORAR EN LA PLANTA DE POTABILIZACIÃN EMPOPAMPLONA
Authors: Melendez Gelvez Ivan , Quijano Parra Alfonso , Pardo Perez Enrique 
Published: September 2017

ãResumen:La salud humana estÃ¡ estrechamente ligada a la calidad del agua que se consume, sin embargo cada dÃ­a son liberados contaminantes que ponen en riesgo su calidad. Lasaguas de consumo pueden contaminarse conÂ pesticidas,desechos industriales,Â aguas negras y subproductos de lacloraciÃ³n, dichos compuestosÂ pueden inducir tumores e inclusola muerte, cuando la exposiciÃ³n es a largo plazo yÂ dosis bajas. La planta de purificaciÃ³n de agua del municipio de Pamplona(EMPOPAMPLONA) se abastece de 4 efluentes que atraviesanzonas agrÃ­colas, por lo tanto las aguas pueden recibir pesticidas,ya que en estas zonas, ellos son utilizados indiscriminadamente.TambiÃ©n pueden contaminarse conÂ desechos domiciliarios debido a que las fuentesÂ abastecedoras pasan por caserÃ­os. AdemÃ¡s, las aguas tambiÃ©n pueden recibir subproductos del proceso de cloraciÃ³n, los cuales se ha demostrado sonÂ fuertes mutÃ¡genos.El estudio contemplÃ³ la determinaciÃ³n de laÂ genotoxicidad enaguas de tres sitios diferentes: Zona 1, agua antes de ingresar ala planta de tratamiento; zona 2, agua despuÃ©s de haber sidotratada y zona 3, agua despuÃ©s de haber sido clorada. Cadaensayo se realizÃ³ por triplicado. Se utilizÃ³ la prueba de ANOVA auna vÃ­a para determinar el nivel de significancia entre eltratamiento y control. Los resultados mostraron un incrementosignificativoÂ de la genotoxicidad en los tres sitios analizados(p<0.01), lo que nos evidencia la presencia de compuestosgenotÃ³xicos, los cuales pueden constituir un riesgo para lapoblaciÃ³n expuesta, dado que se sabe de la estrecha relaciÃ³n que existe entre la exposiciÃ³n a mutÃ¡genos y la apariciÃ³nenfermedades como el cÃ¡ncer.
Clinicopathological variables of sporadic schwannomas of peripheral nerve in 291 patients and expression of biologically relevant markers
Authors: Young Eric D. , Ingram Davis , Metcalf-Doetsch William , Khan Dilshad , Al Sannaa Ghadah , Le Loarer Francois , Lazar Alexander J. F. , Slopis John , Torres Keila E. , Lev Dina , Pollock Raphael E. , McCutcheon Ian E. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVEWhile sporadic peripheral schwannomas (SPSs) are generally well treated with surgery, their biology is not well understood. Consequently, treatment options are limited. The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive description of SPS. The authors describe clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of patients harboring these tumors, and they assess expression of biomarkers using a clinically annotated tissue microarray. Together, these data give new insight into the biology and management of SPS.METHODSPatients presenting with a primary SPS between 1993 and 2011 (n = 291) were selected from an institutional registry to construct a clinical database. All patients underwent follow-up, and short- and long-term outcomes were assessed. Expression of relevant biomarkers was assessed using a new tissue microarray (n = 121).RESULTSSPSs were generally large (mean 5.5 cm) and frequently painful at presentation (55%). Most patients were treated with surgery (80%), the majority of whom experienced complete resolution (52%) or improvement (18%) of their symptoms. Tumors that were completely resected (85%) did not recur. Some patients experienced short-term (16%) and long-term (4%) complications postoperatively. Schwannomas expressed higher levels of platelet-derived growth factor receptor–β (2.1) than malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) (1.5, p = 0.004) and neurofibromas (1.33, p = 0.007). Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor–2 was greater in SPSs (0.91) than in MPNSTs (0.33, p = 0.002) and neurofibromas (0.33, p = 0.026). Epidermal growth factor receptor was expressed in far fewer SPS cells (10%) than in MPNSTs (58%, p < 0.0001) or neurofibromas (37%, p = 0.007). SPSs more frequently expressed cytoplasmic survivin (66% of tumor cells) than normal nerve (46% of cells), but SPS expressed nuclear survivin in fewer tumor cells than in MPNSTs (24% and 50%, respectively; p = 0.018).CONCLUSIONSComplete resection is curative for SPS. Left untreated, however, these tumors can cause significant morbidity, and not all patients are candidates for resection. SPSs express a pattern of biomarkers consistent with the dysregulation of the tumor suppressor merlin observed in neurofibromatosis Type 2–associated schwannomas, suggesting a shared etiology. This SPS pattern is distinct from that of other tumors of the peripheral nerve sheath.
Volume of distribution and clearance of peptide-based nanofiber after convection-enhanced delivery
Authors: Singh Ranjodh , Bellat Vanessa , Wang Melinda , Schweitzer Melanie E. , Wu Y. Linda , Tung Ching-Hsuan , Souweidane Mark M. , Law Benedict 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVEDrug clearance may be a limiting factor in the clinical application of convection-enhanced delivery (CED). Peptide-based nanofibers (NFPs) have a high aspect ratio, and NFPs loaded with drugs could potentially maintain effective drug concentrations for an extended period sufficient for cancer therapy. The objective of this study was to assess the volume of distribution (Vd) and clearance of variable lengths of NFPs when administered using CED.METHODSNFPs composed of multiple methoxypolyethylene glycol (mPEG)-conjugated constructs (mPEG2000-KLDLKLDLKLDL-K(FITC)-CONH2, for which FITC is fluorescein isothiocyanate) were assembled in an aqueous buffer. The NFPs were approximately 5 nm in width and were formulated into different lengths: 100 nm (NFP-100), 400 nm (NFP-400), and 1000 nm (NFP-1000). The NFP surface was covalently conjugated with multiple Cy5.5 fluorophores as the optical reporters to track the post-CED distribution. Forty-two 6- to 8-week-old Ntv-a;p53fl/fl mice underwent CED to the striatum. Animals were killed immediately, 24 hours or 72 hours after CED. The brains were extracted and sectioned for assessing NFP Vd to volume of infusion (Vi) ratio, and clearance using fluorescence microscopy.RESULTSCED of NFPs was well tolerated by all the animals. The average Vd/Vi ratios for NFP-100, NFP-400, NFP-1000, and unconjugated positive control (free Cy5.5) were 1.87, 2.47, 1.07, and 3.0, respectively, which were statistically different (p = 0.003). The percentages remaining of the original infusion volume at 24 hours for NFP-100, -400, and -1000 were 40%, 90%, and 74%, respectively. The percentages remaining at 72 hours for NFP-100, -400, and -1000 were 15%, 30%, and 46%, respectively. Unconjugated Cy5.5 was not detected at 24 or 72 hours after CED.CONCLUSIONSCED of NFPs is feasible with Vd/Vi ratios and clearance rates comparable to other nanocarriers. Of the 3 NFPs, NFP-400 appears to provide the best distribution and slowest clearance after 24 hours. NFP provides a dynamic theranostic platform, with the potential to deliver clinically efficacious drug payload to brain tumor after CED.
Threshold of the extent of resection for WHO Grade III gliomas: retrospective volumetric analysis of 122 cases using intraoperative MRI
Authors: Fujii Yu , Muragaki Yoshihiro , Maruyama Takashi , Nitta Masayuki , Saito Taiichi , Ikuta Soko , Iseki Hiroshi , Hongo Kazuhiro , Kawamata Takakazu 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVEWHO Grade III gliomas are relatively rare and treated with multiple modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. The impact of the extent of resection (EOR) on improving survival in patients with this tumor type is unclear. Moreover, because of the heterogeneous radiological appearance of Grade III gliomas, the MRI sequence that best correlates with tumor volume is unknown. In the present retrospective study, the authors evaluated the prognostic significance of EOR.METHODSClinical and radiological data from 122 patients with newly diagnosed WHO Grade III gliomas who had undergone intraoperative MRI–guided resection at a single institution between March 2000 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into 2 groups by histological subtype: 81 patients had anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) or anaplastic oligoastrocytoma (AOA), and 41 patients had anaplastic oligodendroglioma (AO). EOR was calculated using pre- and postoperative T2-weighted and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic significance of EOR on overall survival (OS).RESULTSThe 5-, 8-, and 10-year OS rates for all patients were 74.28%, 70.59%, and 65.88%, respectively. The 5- and 8-year OS rates for patients with AA and AOA were 72.2% and 67.2%, respectively, and the 10-year OS rate was 62.0%. On the other hand, the 5- and 8-year OS rates for patients with AO were 79.0% and 79.0%; the 10-year OS rate is not yet available. The median pre- and postoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volumes were 56.1 cm3 (range 1.3–268 cm3) and 5.9 cm3 (range 0–180 cm3), respectively. The median EOR of T2-weighted high–signal intensity lesions (T2-EOR) and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted lesions were 88.8% (range 0.3%–100%) and 100% (range 34.0%–100%), respectively. A significant survival advantage was associated with resection of 53% or more of the preoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volume in patients with AA and AOA, but not in patients with AO. Univariate analysis showed that preoperative Karnofsky Performance Scale score (p = 0.0019), isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation (p = 0.0008), and T2-EOR (p = 0.0208) were significant prognostic factors for survival in patients with AA and AOA. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that T2-EOR (HR 3.28; 95% CI 1.22–8.81; p = 0.0192) and IDH1 mutation (HR 3.90; 95% CI 1.53–10.75; p = 0.0044) were predictive of survival in patients with AA and AOA.CONCLUSIONST2-EOR was one of the most important prognostic factors for patients with AA and AOA. A significant survival advantage was associated with resection of 53% or more of the preoperative T2-weighted high–signal intensity volume in patients with AA and AOA.
Sagittal alignment and complications following lumbar 3-column osteotomy: does the level of resection matter?
Authors: Ferrero Emmanuelle , Liabaud Barthelemy , Henry Jensen K. , Ames Christopher P. , Kebaish Khaled , Mundis Gregory M. , Hostin Richard , Gupta Munish C. , Boachie-Adjei Oheneba , Smith Justin S. , Hart Robert A. , Obeid Ibrahim , Diebo Bassel G. , Schwab Frank J. , Lafage Virginie 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVEThree-column osteotomy (3CO) is a demanding technique that is performed to correct sagittal spinal malalignment. However, the impact of the 3CO level on pelvic or truncal sagittal correction remains unclear. In this study, the authors assessed the impact of 3CO level and postoperative apex of lumbar lordosis on sagittal alignment correction, complications, and revisions.METHODSIn this retrospective study of a multicenter spinal deformity database, radiographic data were analyzed at baseline and at 1- and 2-year follow-up to quantify spinopelvic alignment, apex of lordosis, and resection angle. The impact of 3CO level and apex level of lumbar lordosis on the sagittal correction was assessed. Logistic regression analyses were performed, controlling for cofounders, to investigate the effects of 3CO level and apex level on intraoperative and postoperative complications as well as on the need for subsequent revision surgery.RESULTSA total of 468 patients were included (mean age 60.8 years, mean body mass index 28.1 kg/m2); 70% of patients were female. The average 3CO resection angle was 25.1° and did not significantly differ with regard to 3CO level. There were no significant correlations between the 3CO level and amount of sagittal vertical axis or pelvic tilt correction. The postoperative apex level significantly correlated with greater correction of pelvic tilt (2° per more caudal level, R = −0.2, p = 0.006). Lower-level 3CO significantly correlated with revisions for pseudarthrosis (OR = 3.88, p = 0.001) and postoperative motor deficits (OR = 2.02, p = 0.026).CONCLUSIONSIn this study, a more caudal lumbar 3CO level did not lead to greater sagittal vertical axis correction. The postoperative apex of lumbar lordosis significantly impacted pelvic tilt. 3CO levels that were more caudal were associated with more postoperative motor deficits and revisions.
Risk factors for progressive neuromuscular scoliosis requiring posterior spinal fusion after selective dorsal rhizotomy
Authors: Ravindra Vijay M. , Christensen Michael T. , Onwuzulike Kaine , Smith John T. , Halvorson Kyle , Brockmeyer Douglas L. , Walker Marion L. , Bollo Robert J. 
Published: September 2017

OBJECTIVESelective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) via limited laminectomy is an effective treatment of lower-extremity spasticity in the pediatric population. Children with spasticity are also at risk for neuromuscular scoliosis; however, specific risk factors for progressive spinal deformity requiring posterior spinal fusion (PSF) after SDR are unknown. The authors’ goal was to identify potential risk factors.METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent SDR via limited laminectomy between 2003 and 2014 and who had at least 1 year of follow-up. They analyzed demographic, clinical, and radiographic variables to elucidate risk factors for progressive neuromuscular scoliosis. The primary outcome was need for PSF.RESULTSOne hundred thirty-four patients underwent SDR and had at least 12 months of follow-up (mean 65 months); 48 patients (36%) had detailed pre- and postoperative radiographic data available. The mean age at surgery was 10 years (SD 5.1 years). Eighty-four patients (63%) were ambulatory before SDR, 109 (82%) underwent a single-level laminectomy, and a mean of 53% of the dorsal rootlets from L-1 to S-1 were sectioned. Fifteen patients (11.2%) subsequently required PSF for progressive deformity. Nonambulatory status (p < 0.001) and a preoperative Cobb angle > 30° (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with PSF on univariate analysis, but no statistically significant correlation was found with any clinical or radiographic variable and PSF after SDR on multivariate regression analysis.CONCLUSIONSPatients with preoperative nonambulatory status and Cobb angle > 30° may be at risk for progressive spinal deformity requiring PSF after SDR. These are well-known risk factors for progressive deformity in children with spasticity in general. Although our analysis suggests SDR via limited laminectomy may not significantly accelerate the development of neuromuscular scoliosis, further case-control studies are critical to elucidate the impact of SDR on spinal deformity.