bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strength and buckling of cold-formed steel laterally unbraced stiffened C and Z sections
Authors: Yerudkar Dipali S. , Vesmawala Gaurang R. 
Published: October 2017

The ultimate strength and buckling behaviour of cold-formed steel (CFS) laterally unbraced stiffened C and Z section members in bending and torsion were investigated. Bending tests were conducted on CFS beams with five different stiffener combinations (web, flange or a combination of web and flange intermediate stiffeners). The experimental and numerical results showed a reduction in displacement and an increase in bending strength after the provision of intermediate stiffeners along the web and flange of the channel members while there was an increase in both buckling loads and displacement in the Z sections. Flexural and lateral torsional buckling was predominant in simple end stiffened and single web stiffened sections, while sections with combined web and flange stiffeners failed due to combined distortional, flexural and lateral torsional buckling. The experimental results were simulated using finite-element software and they showed good agreement with the experimental results in terms of displacement, bending strength and buckling modes. CFS members can be plain in simple applications, but if provided with flange or web intermediate stiffeners, their performance and resistance to buckling improves. The idea behind this study was to use CFS members with a modified shape rather than thickness to carry extra load. Due to the relatively easy manufacturing method, a large number of different configurations can be produced to fit the demands of optimised designs for both structural and economic purposes.
La práctica formativa como escenario de aprendizaje significativo del cuidado de enfermería
Authors: Flórez-Gutiérrez Carolina , Mayorga-Palacios Andrea Del Pilar , Vargas-Escobar Lina María 
Published: October 2017

<p>Los docentes en enfermería tienen la responsabilidad de formar profesionales en enfermería humanos, idóneos y competentes para cubrir las necesidades de cuidado de la población y afrontar los retos existentes en materia de salud. Las prácticas formativas representan un espacio enriquecedor para el aprendizaje del cuidado de manera significativa en el logro de este propósito. Este artículo presenta una reflexión en torno al aprendizaje del cuidado durante las prácticas formativas en un programa de enfermería de Bogotá. Se abordan tópicos como la importancia de la formación en el cuidado, la influencia del contexto institucional y del modelo pedagógico, así como los significados de la práctica para estudiantes y docentes. Se concluye que la apertura, el diálogo abierto, la motivación, el conocer el ser humano que hay en el estudiante, el promover su autonomía y su reflexión, y el acompañarlo en su experiencia como cuidador son aspectos esenciales para el aprendizaje significativo del cuidado de enfermería durante las prácticas formativas y que estos espacios se constituyen en experiencias transformadoras no solo para el estudiante sino también para el docente.</p><p> </p>
Produção de fitomassa de Sálvia officinalis L. cultivada sob malhas coloridas e doses de esterco avícola
Authors: Souza Girlene Santos de , Lima Janderson Carmo , Santos Anacleto Ranulfo dos , Oliveira Uasley Caldas de , Bezerra Mariana Nogueira 
Published: October 2017

<p>Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da qualidade de luz na produção de fitomassa de plantas de <em>Sálvia Oficcinalis</em> L. cultivada sob malhas coloridas e doses de esterco avícola. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental da Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, onde as plantas foram dispostas em diferentes ambientes de luz e cinco doses de esterco avícola (0; 60; 120; 180 e 240 Kg ha<sup>-1</sup>). Aos 90 dias foram aferidas medidas não lineares: área foliar e peso de matéria seca e medidas lineares: número de folhas e altura das plantas. Houve uma interação significativa entre os ambientes de luz e as doses de esterco utilizadas para as variáveis área foliar (AF) e razão de massa foliar (RMF), encontrando os maiores valores de RMF com incremento de 72% e AF com 66% nas plantas submetidas as maiores doses de esterco. Analisando o efeito isolado dos ambientes de luz a malha vermelha teve destaque em todas as variáveis com exceção do número de folhas que não foram significativos. O uso de malhas coloridas em interação com doses de esterco avícola proporcionam expressivas respostas ao crescimento e desenvolvimento da <em>Salvia officinalis</em>. </p><p align="center"><strong><em>Production of phytomass </em></strong><em>of Salvia officinalis<strong> L. cultivated under colored fabrics and doses of poultry manure</strong></em></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>Objective to evaluate the effect of light quality on production of phytomass of <em>Sálvia Oficcinalis </em>L. cultivated under colored fabrics and doses of poultry manure. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area of the Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia, where the plants were arranged in different light environments and five doses of poultry manure (0; 60; 120; 180 and 240 Kg ha</pre><sup>-1</sup><pre>). To 90 days were measured non-linear measures: leaf area and dry matter weight and linear measures: number of leaves and the height of the plants. There was a significant interaction between light environments and the doses of manure used for variables leaf area (AF) and foliar mass ratio (RMF), finding the highest values of RMF with 72% increment and AF with 66% in plants submitted the largest doses of manure. Analyzing the isolated effect of light red mesh environments had featured in all the variables with the exception of the number of sheets that were not significant. It is concluded that the use of colored meshes in interaction with doses of poultry manure provide significant responses to the growth and development of <em>Salvia officinalis.</em></pre>
Chemical attributes of soil in agroforestry system of gliricidia intercropped with spineless cactus
Authors: Sarmento Maria Iza De Arruda , Pereira Junior Ednaldo Barbosa , Pérez-Marin Aldrin Martin , Medeiros Aline Carla de , Maracajá Patricio Borges , Almeida José Cezario de 
Published: October 2017

<p>In this study, we aimed to assess the chemical attributes of a soil fertilized with organic matter, in an agroforestry system. The experiment was carried out at the Miguel Arraes agricultural experiment station of the National Semiarid Institute (INSA), located in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. Experimental design consisted of a randomized block with four replications. We applied four treatments of organic fertilization: (HS) Humic Substances; (SW) Seaweeds; (B) Bokashi; and (C) control treatment, without fertilization. Soil samples were collected at 0-20 cm depth, placed in plastic bags and taken to laboratory for the following chemical analysis: pH, potassium (K<sup>+</sup>), sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>), magnesium (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), soil organic matter (SOM), sum of bases (SB), cation exchange capacity (CEC), base saturation (V%) and Soil Quality Index (SQI). Organic fertilizers applied to the soil did not affected pH, P, K<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup> and CEC. Humic substances treatment increased the availability of Mg<sup>2+</sup>, while seaweeds treatment increased the Ca<sup>2+</sup>, SB, V% and SOM levels.</p><p align="center"><strong><em>Atributos químicos do solo em sistema agroflorestal de gliricídia consorciado com palma forrageira</em></strong></p><p><strong>Resumo: </strong>Objetivou-se avaliar os atributos químicos de um solo adubado com matéria orgânica, em um sistema agroflorestal. Para isso foi conduzido um experimento na Estação Experimental da Fazenda Miguel Arraes, situada na área sede do Instituto Nacional do Semiárido (INSA), Unidade de Pesquisa do Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (MCTI), localizada no município de Campina Grande, Paraíba. O delineamento utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos aplicados foram quatro tipos de adubação orgânica: (SH) Substancia Húmicas; (AM) Algas Marinhas; (B) Bokashi; e (T) tratamentos controle, sem adubação. As amostras foram coletadas na profundidade de 0-20 cm, acondicionadas em sacolas plásticas e levadas ao Laboratório de Análise de Solos, Água e Plantas (LASAP) do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia da Paraíba (IFPB) campus Sousa para análises químicas [pH, potássio (K<sup>+</sup>), sódio (Na<sup>+</sup>), fósforo (P), cálcio (Ca<sup>2+</sup>), magnésio (Mg<sup>2+</sup>), matéria orgânica do solo (MOS)], soma de bases (SB), capacidade de troca de cátions (CTC), saturação por bases (V%) e Índice de Qualidade do Solo (IQS). Os adubos orgânicos aplicados no solo não influenciaram no pH, fósforo (P), potássio (K<sup>+</sup>), sódio (Na<sup>+</sup>), alumínio (Al<sup>3+</sup>) e CTC. As SH promoveram o aumento na disponibilidade de magnésio (Mg<sup>2+</sup>) e as AM causaram incremento nos teores de Ca<sup>2+</sup>, SB, V% e MOS.</p>
UM ESTUDO DE CASO SOBRE SUSTENTABILIDADE E EFICIÊNCIA DE UM FUNDO DE PREVIDÊNCIA NO BRASIL
Authors: Serrano Andre Luiz Marques , Araujo Neto Luiz Medeiros , Wilbert Marcelo Driemeyer , Peña Carlos Rosano 
Published: October 2017

No Brasil, a grande maioria dos Regimes Próprios de Previdência Social (RPPS) restringe-se, simplesmente, à análise da taxa de retorno da carteira de investimentos, comparando-a com algum índice de mercado ou à meta atuarial normatizada. Essa observação carece de uma análise da eficiência na gestão de investimentos dos ativos financeiros, tendo como premissa que a eficiência resta comprometida pela suscetibilidade do gestor à aversão ao risco e, também, porque ele mesmo se encontra restrito ao escopo normativo, que lhe limita a capacidade de investimento em carteira de maior volatilidade. Conseguintemente, o grande desafio dos RPPS, para o seu equilíbrio econômico-financeiro é aplicar, de maneira eficiente, os recursos no mercado financeiro. Este estudo avalia a eficiência da gestão dos investimentos do Instituto de Previdência dos Servidores do Distrito Federal (IPREV/DF) por meio da otimização de portfólios alternativos. Avalia também como a normatização legal influencia a eficiência da gestão financeira dos fundos e, paralelamente, analisa a aversão ao risco, onde os gestores tem o conhecimento de que um dos princípios para um investidor eficiente é o tipo de risco associado ao investimento, e o retorno dele esperado. Desse modo, concluiu que, apesar de o IPREV/DF apresentar desempenho suficiente para garantir a meta atuarial, há indícios de que métodos mais eficazes de administração possibilitam superar metas, a fim de galgar a sustentabilidade do sistema, para o cumprimento de seu fim precípuo que é o custeio dos benefícios dos segurados.
Banking Sector Profitability, Before, During and After Global Financial Crisis: Evidence from a Developing Economy
Authors: Nisar Shoaib , Peng Ke , Wang Susheng , Ahmed Jaleel 
Published: October 2017

<p>This study grants empirical support to the fact that profitability of the Pakistani banking sector was reduced during 2008-2009 and among other factors this reduction was attributed to the global financial crisis and resulting increased investments portfolio in total assets. We have used panel data of all Pakistani scheduled banks during 2005-2012. We proved theoretically and empirically that fixed effects model is appropriate for this study. <em>Second </em>stage analysis confirms the above results and shows that the profitability of Pakistani banking sector was higher in pre and post crisis years than, in financial crisis period. Profitability was relatively lower in the after crisis years then in before crisis years because of the residual effects of the global financial crisis. In <em>third stage</em> analysis we found that private and foreign banks were more affected by financial crisis than public sector, specialized and Islamic banks. Our results are robust to alternate measures of profitability. In context of developing countries this study will help bank managers and the regulators to stay better prepared to face any financial crisis in future. </p>
A Semi Analytical Model for Predicting Proppant Screen-Out During Hydraulic Fracturing Unconventional Reservoirs
Authors: Cai Xiao , Guo Boyun , Li Gao , Yang Xu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Hydraulic fracturing is one of the most critical techniques to enhance oil and gas recovery in unconventional reservoirs. Screen-out is considered as one of the most serious problems against a safe, effective and cost-saving hydraulic fracturing treatment in unconventional reservoirs. A simple method for predicting the probability of a screen-out is highly desirable. A semi-analytical model is derived in this paper to describe the configuration of proppant pile within the fracture and to predict the time of screen-out. Case study demonstrates a good consistency between the model calculation result and field observations. By conducting sensitivity analysis with the new model, some major factors that affect proppant screen-out are identified such as fluid viscosity, injection rate, proppant density, proppant size, proppant size distribution and the ratio of proppant volume to fracturing fluid volume. Screen-out can be avoided or at least delayed through optimizing these parameters.
Technological Process Reengineering and Optimization of Liquid CO2 Fracturing Based on Fluid Phase Control
Authors: Meng Siwei , Liu He , Yang Qinghai , Xu Jianguo , Duan Yongwei , Chen Shi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
During liquid CO2 fracturing treatment in PetroChina Jilin Oilfield, CO2 flows through storage tank, booster pump, blender, fracturing pump, and eventually into wellbore and production zone, generating a very complex phase evolution behavior. morphology control of CO2 is a key in liquid CO2 fracturing, as it greatly affects the stability of fluid and sand supply.
Temperature and pressure sensors are positioned at 12 critical nodes in a liquid CO2 fracturing field test for tight oil to provide insight on CO2 fluid phase evolution behavior. Then an analysis of phase behavior at each process node is done, to investigate its influencing mechanism on operation stability, as well as its major control factors. Based on this, the fracturing technological process is optimized and restructured, aiming at the optimization of fluid performance and construction stability.
Results are as follows. 1) Storage conditions of CO2 are inconsistent between different storage tanks, which may cause vaporization of CO2 during low-pressure fluid-feeding stage, thus greatly affect the construction stability. A buffer vessel should be introduced into the fracturing system, between the tanks and boosters, to improve the fluid-feeding stability. 2) The storage temperature and pressurein Jilin Oilfield is much higher than thatin North America, so the boosters contribute little to phase control here. A heat exchanger is a better alternative. 3) When the pressure difference between in-tank and outlet of blender is less than 0.05 MPa, the sand-feeding process is stable. This can be achieved by adjusting phase behavior of CO2, liquid supplement rate to blender and opening degree of butterfly valve.
Phase evolution during liquid CO2 fracturing has been identified, and the fracturing technological process is optimized and restructured based on this. This helps improve the fluid performance and construction stability, and enhances the success ratio and stimulation result of fracturing.
Gas Lift Techniques Modification to Overcome Evolution in Completion
Authors: Izwardy Saesarian , Oscar Edy I Ketut , Wijanarko Andre , Fedriando Fedriando , Ibnu Pratomo Andaru , Firmansyah Nanang 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Completion type in Vico Indonesia is designed mainly based on the subsurface considerations. Multi-layer reservoir consisting of gas and oil reservoirs related with fluvio-deltaic depositional environment influences the production strategy which will need zone isolation for single or commingled production. Many completion types have been implemented since early development including single or dual selective, monobore, and dual monobore cemented as the most recent completion. There are more than 500 wells drilled and completed using dual monobore cemented completion. This completion type gives constraints on the application of common downhole pump lift. Evolution in the completion type requires a different approach in gas lift technique for oil development.
Many gas lift techniques have been applied to address the completion types. The gas lift techniques include the implementation of conventional gas lift with SPM, poor boy, coiled tubing gas lift, and coiled tubing gas lift with unloader. The first two methods are common for selective completions while the last two are fit for purpose for monobore completions.
The appropriate modification and selection on the gas lift techniques exhibits a real benefit to optimize oil recovery in these various and evolving completion types in VICO. The contribution is around 70% from total oil production while single year gas lift project contributes to approximately 30% of annual production in respective year. Total cumulative production from the application of these techniques is around 10 MMBO.
Modification in gas lift techniques is needed to tackle evolution of completion types. Coiled tubing gas lift with unloader is the newest technique used to enhance the advantage of coiled tubing gas lift application. The modification of gas lift techniques will be described in this paper.
Understanding Crude Properties to Optimize Corrosion Inhibitor Selection and Usage
Authors: Novitasari R. A. , Wincana M. N. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Banyu Urip Field is located in Central-East Java, Indonesia where well production fluids are routed from wellheads to processing facilities via interconnected full well stream piping and flowlines. The produced fluids contains high level of CO2 (45% mol) and H2S (1.5% mol). The utilization of carbon steel in the design of piping and equipment makes them susceptible to corrosion. Injection of corrosion inhibitor (CI) is recommended to minimize material degradation, and correct selection of CI is key to ensure corrosion management is effective and efficient.
A comprehensive understanding of produced fluid properties is important prior to CI selection. Various experiments were conducted in high pressure-high temperature Hastelloy autoclaves to simulate process conditions, with support from proprietary company software modeling 7%, 20% and 80% water partitioning in Banyu Urip Oil samples. An oil-water wettability study was also a key factor to predict the threshold water cut at which produced water separates from crude oil and wets the metal surface of the flowlines.
The experiments revealed potential corrosion rates that could be expected in Banyu Urip flowlines for a range of production scenarios. Results also demonstrated that a decrease in liquid shear stress yields a decrease in corrosion rate; where as a decrease in temperature yields an increase in corrosion rate due to reduction of FeCO3 scale protection. This FeCO3 scale protection provides self-inhibiting properties which are keys to selection and optimization of CI.
Through the oil-water wettability study we can determine an optimal time where the metal surface is wetted by water and thus requires CI to control corrosion. This will help in determining the most cost effective corrosion management programs for the facilities.
This paper will provide an overview of the Banyu Urip corrosion inhibitor selection process; describe the corrosion experiments conducted to verify the crude properties and the oil-water wettability studies to optimize the injection of CI.
Best Practice of Increasing the Income and Reducing the Expenditure, Lowering Cost and Improving Benefit on the Brown Oilfields
Authors: Liu H. , Meng S. , Zhao Z. , Yan J. , Yao Z. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Over-developed oilfields in East China have gone through suffering situations induced by high cost in recent years. The trend of resource deterioration is irreversible and the deterioration leads to the increasing difficulties in oil and gas exploration and development. The rate of return-on-investment continually decreases resulting from over-rapidly increasing properties, and ever-rising facility depreciation and damage. The space for increasing income and seeking profit is further narrowed by low oil price. These oilfields now move into the period that has huge obstacles to increase profit, confronted with more difficulties in obtaining economic reserves and profitable production. Now the development in over-developed oilfields has stepped into double-high phase, meaning that to avoid ineffective or poorly effective measures and control the fundamental indices like the rise of watercut, natural decline, and so on play the key role in improving development profit. It is necessary to accelerate the build-up of production capacity and enhance reserve, production, and the rate of return-on-investment by actively reforming techniques for the formation of a series of new ones on enhancing oil recovery, as well as advancing the four-unified-into-one management mode of merging production and management, investment and cost, reserve increase and production build-up, and research and production. The concept of focusing on reserve and production must be further switched, meanwhile profit must be realized in all the ingredients of exploration and development during their whole processes, and efficiencies must be maximized. The burden of production and management is relieved, and the focus is switched to profit in an overall and complete way by further recognizing that investment today is tomorrow's cost and strictly controlling property scale to prevent its excessive increase.
Application of Quantitative RBI on Residual Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Authors: Shuang Liang , Duhui Lu , Fangwei Luo 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
RFCC is one of the most important processes of petrochemical industry and is also a frequent accident process due to the inflammable and explosive material and intermediate product. Optimized risk management in RFCC plays a great role in guaranteeing exploration and production work safely and smoothly. On this premise, the Risk-Based inspection (RBI) was presented and widely prevailed in petrochemical enterprises.
Optimized RBI on RFCC starts at collection of inspection data followed by identification and assessment of damage mechanism and failure modes. Equipment risk is calculated with the help of Orbit-onshore (DNV) software. According to quantitative results, item's risk level are assigned and prioritized by risk matrix so that critical one which would be inspected thoroughly is noticed. Eventually, an appropriate inspection program for RFCC is designed with numbers of proper measures to extend interval by assigning resources of inspection and maintenance.