bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: LIGATIONAL BEHAVIOR OF THIOSEMICARBAZIDE AND THIOSEMICARBAZONE (III): TETRAGONAL COMPLEXES OF COBALT(II) DERIVED FROM 4‐BENZYLAMIDOTHIOSEMICARBAZIDE AND 1‐(α‐FURFURYLIDENE)‐4‐BENZYLAMIDOTHIOSEMICARBAZIDE
Authors: JAIN M. C. , JAIN P. C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Titelkomplexe (I) wurden durch Reaktion der Co‐Salze mit den Liganden in EtOH dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: KINETIC STUDIES ON FOUR‐COORDINATE CHELATE COMPLEXES OF COPPER(II): ISOTOPIC LIGAND EXCHANGE OF BIS(SALICYLALDIMINATO)COPPER(II) IN TOLUENE
Authors: VOSS H. , WANNOWIUS K. J. , ELIAS H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Geschwindigkeit des Ligandenaustauschs an "II‐markierten N‐alkylsubstituierten Bis‐[salicylaldiminato]‐ Cu‐Komplexen (I) in Toluol in Abhängigkeit von der Natur des Restes Rund den Eigenschaften des Ringsubstituenten wird mit Hilfe einer Isotopenaustauschtechnik bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE, AND ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF (L‐METHIONYLGLYCINATO)COPPER(II)
Authors: DEHAND J. , JORDANOV J. , KECK F. , MOSSET A. , BONNET J. J. , GALY J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Kristall‐ und Molekularstruktur des durch Umsetzung von L‐ Methionylglycin in wäßriger Lösung mit überschüssigem Cu(II)‐hydroxid bei pH 6,5 gebildeten Titelkomplexes (I) werden mittels Einkristall‐Röntgendiffraktionsanalyse bestimmt.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMICAL COURSE OF THE CHEMICAL AND CATALYTIC REDUCTION OF 11‐OXO‐5α,14β‐CHOLEST‐8‐EN‐3β‐OL. SYNTHESIS OF 8α,9α,14β‐, 8α,9β,14β‐, AND 8β,9α,14β‐STEROIDS
Authors: PATTERSON D. G. , DJERASSI C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Reduktion des Oxo‐Steroids (II) zu (I) bzw. (III) und (IV) sowie zahlreiche Folgereaktionen werden beschrieben.
ChemInform Abstract: SYNTHESIS OF NΠ‐ AND Nτ‐(2‐HYDROXYETHYL)‐L‐HISTIDINES
Authors: CALLEMAN C. J. , WACHTMEISTER C. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractReaktion des Methylesters (I) mit dem Oxid (II) in Methanol in Gegenwart von Salzsäure und Hydrolyse der Produkte führen zu den Titelverbindungen (IIIa) und (IVa) in gleichen Ausbeuten.
Electronic Circular Dichroism of [16]Helicene With Simplified TD‐DFT: Beyond the Single Structure Approach
Authors: Bannwarth Christoph , Seibert Jakob , Grimme Stefan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum of the recently synthesized [16]helicene and a derivative comprising two triisopropylsilyloxy protection groups was computed by means of the very efficient simplified time‐dependent density functional theory (sTD‐DFT) approach. Different from many previous ECD studies of helicenes, nonequilibrium structure effects were accounted for by computing ECD spectra on "snapshots" obtained from a molecular dynamics (MD) simulation including solvent molecules. The trajectories are based on a molecule specific classical potential as obtained from the recently developed quantum chemically derived force field (QMDFF) scheme. The reduced computational cost in the MD simulation due to the use of the QMDFF (compared to ab‐initio MD) as well as the sTD‐DFT approach make realistic spectral simulations feasible for these compounds that comprise more than 100 atoms. While the ECD spectra of [16]helicene and its derivative computed vertically on the respective gas phase, equilibrium geometries show noticeable differences, these are “washed” out when nonequilibrium structures are taken into account. The computed spectra with two recommended density functionals (ωB97X and BHLYP) and extended basis sets compare very well with the experimental one. In addition we provide an estimate for the missing absolute intensities of the latter. The approach presented here could also be used in future studies to capture nonequilibrium effects, but also to systematically average ECD spectra over different conformations in more flexible molecules. Chirality 28:365–369, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Persistence of intact retinal ganglion cell terminals after axonal transport loss in the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma
Authors: Smith Matthew A. , Xia Christina Z. , Dengler‐Crish Christine M. , Fening Kelly M. , Inman Denise M. , Schofield Brett R. , Crish Samuel D. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTAxonal transport defects are an early pathology occurring within the retinofugal projection of the DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma. Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons and terminals are detectable after transport is affected, yet little is known about the condition of these structures. We examined the ultrastructure of the glaucomatous superior colliculus (SC) with three‐dimensional serial block‐face scanning electron microscopy to determine the distribution and morphology of retinal terminals in aged mice exhibiting varying levels of axonal transport integrity. After initial axonal transport failure, retinal terminal densities did not vary compared with either transport‐intact or control tissue. Although retinal terminals lacked overt signs of neurodegeneration, transport‐intact areas of glaucomatous SC exhibited larger retinal terminals and associated mitochondria. This likely indicates increased oxidative capacity and may be a compensatory response to the stressors that this projection is experiencing. Areas devoid of transported tracer label showed reduced mitochondrial volumes as well as decreased active zone number and surface area, suggesting that oxidative capacity and synapse strength are reduced as disease progresses but before degeneration of the synapse. Mitochondrial volume was a strong predictor of bouton size independent of pathology. These findings indicate that RGC axons retain connectivity after losing function early in the disease process, creating an important therapeutic opportunity for protection or restoration of vision in glaucoma. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:3503–3517, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Traditional and new composite endpoints in heart failure clinical trials: facilitating comprehensive efficacy assessments and improving trial efficiency
Authors: Anker Stefan D. , Schroeder Stefan , Atar Dan , Bax Jeroen J. , Ceconi Claudio , Cowie Martin R. , Crisp Adam , Dominjon Fabienne , Ford Ian , Ghofrani Hossein‐Ardeschir , Gropper Savion , Hindricks Gerhard , Hlatky Mark A. , Holcomb Richard , Honarpour Narimon , Jukema J. Wouter , Kim Albert M. , Kunz Michael , Lefkowitz Martin , Le Floch Chantal , Landmesser Ulf , McDonagh Theresa A. , McMurray John J. , Merkely Bela , Packer Milton , Prasad Krishna , Revkin James , Rosano Giuseppe M.C. , Somaratne Ransi , Stough Wendy Gattis , Voors Adriaan A. , Ruschitzka Frank 
Published: April 2016

AbstractComposite endpoints are commonly used as the primary measure of efficacy in heart failure clinical trials to assess the overall treatment effect and to increase the efficiency of trials. Clinical trials still must enrol large numbers of patients to accrue a sufficient number of outcome events and have adequate power to draw conclusions about the efficacy and safety of new treatments for heart failure. Additionally, the societal and health system perspectives on heart failure have raised interest in ascertaining the effects of therapy on outcomes such as repeat hospitalization and the patient's burden of disease. Thus, novel methods for using composite endpoints in clinical trials (e.g. clinical status composite endpoints, recurrent event analyses) are being applied in current and planned trials. Endpoints that measure functional status or reflect the patient experience are important but used cautiously because heart failure treatments may improve function yet have adverse effects on mortality. This paper discusses the use of traditional and new composite endpoints, identifies qualities of robust composites, and outlines opportunities for future research.
Applying Mesoporous Silica SBA‐15 in Electrochemical Detection of DNA Hybridization
Authors: Josypčuk Oksana , Fojta Miroslav , Daňhel Aleš , Josypčuk Bohdan 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMesoporous silica SBA‐15 powder was used as the separation surface for hybridization purposes and it has proved appropriate and effective. By help of a simple procedure any oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) modified by NH2‐group can be covalently bound at the surface of SiO2 particles, what significantly extends the capabilities of the experimenter. Use of cathodic stripping voltammetry for electrochemical detection of ODN/DNA hybridization ensures high sensitivity of the analyses. Only ordinary laboratory equipment is needed for the implementation of these experiments. Due to the very small consumption of SBA‐15, commonly sold quantity (5 g) may be sufficient for many years of work.
Evaluation of the scientific underpinnings for identifying estrogenic chemicals in nonmammalian taxa using mammalian test systems
Authors: Ankley Gerald T. , LaLone Carlie A. , Gray L. Earl , Villeneuve Daniel L. , Hornung Michael W. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

The US Environmental Protection Agency has responsibility for assessing endocrine activity of more than 10 000 chemicals, a task that cannot reasonably be achieved solely through use of available mammalian and nonmammalian in vivo screening assays. Hence, it has been proposed that chemicals be prioritized for in vivo testing using data from in vitro high-throughput assays for specific endocrine system targets. Recent efforts focused on potential estrogenic chemicals—specifically those that activate estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα)—have broadly demonstrated feasibility of the approach. However, a major uncertainty is whether prioritization based on mammalian (primarily human) high-throughput assays accurately reflects potential chemical–ERα interactions in nonmammalian species. The authors conducted a comprehensive analysis of cross-species comparability of chemical–ERα interactions based on information concerning structural attributes of estrogen receptors, in vitro binding and transactivation data for ERα, and the effects of a range of chemicals on estrogen-signaling pathways in vivo. Overall, this integrated analysis suggests that chemicals with moderate to high estrogenic potency in mammalian systems also should be priority chemicals in nonmammalian vertebrates. However, the degree to which the prioritization approach might be applicable to invertebrates is uncertain because of a lack of knowledge of the biological role(s) of possible ERα orthologs found in phyla such as annelids. Further, comparative analysis of in vitro data for fish and reptiles suggests that mammalian-based assays may not effectively capture ERα interactions for low-affinity chemicals in all vertebrate classes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2806–2816. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Modified Carbon Anode by MWCNTs/PANI Used in Marine Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell and its Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Fu Y. B. , Liu Z. H. , Su G. , Zai X. R. , Ying M. , Yu J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractImproving the performance of anode is a crucial step for increasing power output of marine sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs). A multi‐walled carbon nanotube/polyaniline (MWCNTs/PANI) modified anode was prepared by the way of electrochemical deposition and its electrochemical performance is investigated in this paper. Result shows that the wettability of carbon felt becomes better and the number of bacteria (9.52 × 1012 m−2) on anode biofilm is increased respectively, which is 9 times higher than that of the unmodified. The anti‐polarization ability of the modified anode increases significantly and its kinetic activity of electron transfer increases 4 times. Its exchange current density is 3.62 × 10−5 A cm−2. The maximum power density of the modified SMFC reaches 527.0 mW m−2, which is 4 times higher than that of the unmodified one. Finally, a novel molecular synergistic mechanisms for the enhanced SMFC is also presented, based on the higher bacteria number, the capacitive performance of PANI, the hydrogen bond interaction and higher conductivity of MWCNTs. This excellent electrochemical performance makes the MWCNTs/PANI composite be a potential choice for higher output SMFC.
Modeling Financial Sector Joint Tail Risk in the Euro Area
Authors: Lucas André , Schwaab Bernd , Zhang Xin 
Published: April 2016

SummaryWe develop a novel high‐dimensional non‐Gaussian modeling framework to infer measures of conditional and joint default risk for numerous financial sector firms. The model is based on a dynamic generalized hyperbolic skewed‐t block equicorrelation copula with time‐varying volatility and dependence parameters that naturally accommodates asymmetries and heavy tails, as well as nonlinear and time‐varying default dependence. We apply a conditional law of large numbers in this setting to define joint and conditional risk measures that can be evaluated quickly and reliably. We apply the modeling framework to assess the joint risk from multiple defaults in the euro area during the 2008–2012 financial and sovereign debt crisis. We document unprecedented tail risks between 2011 and 2012, as well as their steep decline following subsequent policy actions. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vascular Calcification Induced by Chronic Kidney Disease Is Mediated by an Increase of 1α-Hydroxylase Expression in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Authors: Torremadé Noelia , Bozic Milica , Panizo Sara , Barrio-Vazquez Sara , Fernandez-Martín Jose L , Encinas Mario , Goltzman David , Arcidiacono Maria V , Fernandez Elvira , Valdivielso José M 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACT

Vascular calcification (VC) is a complication of chronic kidney disease that predicts morbidity and mortality. Uremic serum promotes VC, but the mechanism involved is unknown. A role for 1,25(OH)2D3 in VC has been proposed, but the mechanism is unclear because both low and high levels have been shown to increase it. In this work we investigate the role of 1,25(OH)2D3 produced in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in VC. Rats with subtotal nephrectomy and kidney recipient patients showed increased arterial expression of 1α-hydroxylase in vivo. VSMCs exposed in vitro to serum obtained from uremic rats also showed increased 1α-hydroxylase expression. Those increases were parallel to an increase in VC. After 6 days with high phosphate media, VSMCs overexpressing 1α-hydroxylase show significantly higher calcium content and RUNX2 expression than control cells. 1α-hydroxylase null mice (KO) with subtotal nephrectomy and treated with calcitriol (400 ng/kg) for 2 weeks showed significantly lower levels of vascular calcium content, Alizarin red staining, and RUNX2 expression than wild-type (WT) littermates. Serum calcium, phosphorus, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), PTH, and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels were similar in both calcitriol-treated groups. In vitro, WT VSMCs treated with uremic serum also showed a significant increase in 1α-hydroxylase expression and higher calcification that was not observed in KO cells. We conclude that local activation of 1α-hydroxylase in the artery mediates VC observed in uremia. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Prognostic impact of sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma treated with rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone
Authors: Go Se‐Il , Park Mi Jung , Song Haa‐Na , Kim Hoon‐Gu , Kang Myoung Hee , Lee Hyang Rae , Kim Yire , Kim Rock Bum , Lee Soon Il , Lee Gyeong‐Won 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundSarcopenia is known to be related to an increased risk of chemotherapy toxicity and to a poor prognosis in patients with malignancy. We assessed the prognostic role of sarcopenia in patients with diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL).MethodsIn total, 187 consecutive patients with DLBCL treated with induction rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone (R‐CHOP) immunochemotherapy were reviewed. Sarcopenia was defined as the lowest sex‐specific quartile of the skeletal muscle index, calculated by dividing the pectoralis muscle area by the height. Clinical outcomes were compared between the sarcopenic and non‐sarcopenic groups. A nomogram was constructed from the Cox regression model for overall survival (OS).ResultsTreatment‐related mortality (21.7 vs. 5.0%, P = 0.002) and early discontinuation of treatment (32.6 vs. 14.9%, P = 0.008) were more common in the sarcopenic group than in the non‐sarcopenic group. The 5 year progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were 35.3% in the sarcopenic group and 65.8% in the non‐sarcopenic group (P < 0.001). The 5 year OS rates were 37.3% in the sarcopenic group and 68.1% in the non‐sarcopenic group (P < 0.001). Sarcopenia and the five variables of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) were independent prognostic factors in a multivariate analysis for PFS and OS and were used to construct the nomogram. The calibration plot showed good agreement between the nomogram predictions and actual observations. The c index of the nomogram (0.80) was higher than those of other prognostic indices (IPI, 0.77, P = 0.009; revised‐IPI, 0.74, P < 0.001; National Comprehensive Cancer Network‐IPI, 0.77, P = 0.062).ConclusionsSarcopenia is associated with intolerance to standard R‐CHOP chemotherapy as well as a poor prognosis. Moreover, sarcopenia itself can be included in prognostic models in DLBCL.
Closing the Gap between Electronics and High Power Connectors: LIMBO
Authors: Britten Simon W. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTo integrate high power electronic components in conventionally low voltage environments, the joining of massive copper interconnectors on thermally‐sensitive substrates poses a significant key processing step. However, conventional welding approaches deposit an excess of energy in the thermally‐sensitive substrates. The laser impulse metal bonding process (LIMBO) applies a new welding approach in order to join thick copper interconnectors on a metallized substrate with a minimal thermal input into the substrate.
Status Quo and Perspectives: Laser Markets
Authors: Belforte David A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIndustrial laser systems are now firmly established in material processing operations among world's manufacturing industries. Proof of this can be shown in recent statistical reports which estimate that slightly more than $ 80 bn of machine tools were produced in 2015; of which an estimated $ 8 bn or 10 % were industrial laser systems qualified as machine tools. Therefore logic suggests that industrial laser sales should track machine tool sales.
Scaffolds of Hyaluronic Acid–Poly(Ethyl Acrylate) Interpenetrating Networks: Characterization and In Vitro Studies
Authors: Rodríguez‐Pérez E. , Lloret Compañ A. , Monleón Pradas M. , Martínez‐Ramos C. 
Published: April 2016

Hyaluronic acid (HA) provides many advantages to regenerative implants through its bioactive properties, but it also has many limitations as a biomaterial if it is not chemically modified. In order to overcome some of these limitations, HA has been combined with poly(ethyl acrylate) in the form of interpenetrating polymeric networks (IPNs), in which the HA network is crosslinked with divinyl sulfone. Scaffolds of this IPN have been produced through a template‐leaching methodology, and their properties have been compared with those of single‐network scaffolds made of either PEA or crosslinked HA. A fibroblast cell line has been used to assess the in vitro performance of the scaffolds, revealing good cell response and a differentiated behavior on the IPN surface when compared to the individual polymers. Altogether, the results confirm that this type of material offers an interesting microenvironment for cells, which can be further improved toward its potential use in medical implants.image
Engineering of Tough Double Network Hydrogels
Authors: Chen Qiang , Chen Hong , Zhu Lin , Zheng Jie 
Published: April 2016

Double‐network (DN) hydrogel has intrinsic tough mechanical properties due to its unique two contrasting network structures. The research on DN hydrogel is a fast growing field, mainly focusing on network structures, formation, and interactions at the molecular level. In this trend article, we take a critical review at the important and latest research findings, current research challenges, and future research directions in the DN hydrogel field. We discuss some issues on the discovery of fundamentally new phenomena versus performance benchmarking for different types of the DN hydrogels. Finally we offer our personal opinions to several unique aspects for future DN gel research.
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Fabrication of Polymer Film with Extraordinary Conductive Anisotropy by Forming Parallel Conductive Vorticity‐Aligned Stripes and Its Formation Mechanism
Authors: Huang Jinrui , Xu Junbao , Sheng Yuping , Zhu Yutian , Jiang Wei , Xu Donghua , Tang Qingxin , Nie Xiaoan 
Published: April 2016

In this work, anisotropic conductive film (ACF) is fabricated by shear‐flow induced assembly. It is found that an appropriate content of carbonaceous filler is needed for forming well‐ordered parallel vorticity‐aligned stripes and the content depends on the category of the filler. Interestingly, the lowest aspect ratio carbon black (CB) with lowest electrical conductivity is the best candidate for fabricating ACF. The film with CB stripes shows excellent conductive anisotropy: the electrical resistivity in the direction parallel to the CB stripes is almost eight orders of magnitude lower than that in the perpendicular direction. The formation mechanism of the vorticity‐aligned stripe is also investigated by the rheological measurement and the study of morphological evolution. It is found that the coalescence of dispersed phase or aggregates dominates the formation and growth of the stripe and negative value of the first normal stress difference drives the stripe to align along the vorticity direction.
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Self‐Healing Polysaccharide Hydrogel Based on Dynamic Covalent Enamine Bonds
Authors: Liu Hongchen , Sui Xiaofeng , Xu Hong , Zhang Linping , Zhong Yi , Mao Zhiping 
Published: April 2016

A self‐healing polysaccharide hydrogel based on dynamic covalent enamine bonds has been prepared with a facile, cost‐effective, and eco‐friendly way. The polysaccharide hydrogel is obtained by mixing cellulose acetoacetate (CAA) aqueous solution with chitosan aqueous solution under room temperature. CAA is synthesized by reaction of cellulose with tert‐butyl acetoacetate (t‐BAA) in ionic liquid 1‐allyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (AMIMCl). The structure and properties of CAA are characterized by FT‐IR, NMR, and solubility measurements. The results demonstrate that CAA possesses water solubility with a degree of substitution (DS) about 0.58–1.11. The hydrogel shows an excellent self‐healing behavior without other external stimuli and good stability under physiological conditions. Furthermore, the polysaccharide hydrogel exhibits pH responsive properties.
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