bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological Analysis and Survival of Patients with Cervical Cancer Submitted to Pelvic Exenteration
Authors: Águila Bruno Marinho Pinto , Monteiro Felipe de Lima , Castro Neto Héladio Feitosa de , Soares Bruno de Sousa , Oliveira Jefferson Silva , Lima Rodrigo de Oliveira 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Justification The importance of this study arises from the high incidence and mortality of cervical cancer (CC), and the need to evaluate the effectiveness of current treatments, such as pelvic exenteration, performed in cases of persistent or recurrent carcinoma.
Objective To analyze the relationship between clinical and pathological factors and the results of mortality and recurrence in patients with CC who underwent pelvic exenteration at the Hospital Haroldo Juaçaba, from 2000 to 2019, aiming to improve the understanding of this procedure's outcomes.
Materials and Methods Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, using medical record consultation.
Results Patients with perineural invasion, those with prior surgical treatment, and those who underwent radical surgery had lower disease-free survival rates. Also, patients over 50-years-old had lower overall survival than those under that age range.
Conclusion Pelvic exenteration is a high-risk treatment for malignant pelvic neoplasms, with results influenced by technique and institutional resources. Despite the risks, it can control the disease in the long term and even cure it. However, it can affect quality of life and sexual function. Young patients should be made aware of CC prevention methods.
Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger's Disease): A Young Woman's Rare Case and Current Knowledge
Authors: Autiero Giuliana , Padovan Anna , Vittone Francesca , Grolla Elisabetta , Dalla Vestra Michele 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we described the clinical features and the typical vascular imaging picture of a rare case of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) in a 47-year-old, young, Caucasian woman without relevant medical records except for smoking habits and admitted to our Department of Internal Medicine with a necrotic lesion of the first and third toes of the right foot. After a rapid clinical and instrumental evaluation, necrotic tissue debridement was performed and the patient was treated with Iloprost infusion and antibiotics (for overlapping infection) with clinical improvement. Moreover, we summarized the current knowledge about the disease making an update and critical examination of the literature. TAO, also known as Buerger's disease, is a rare disease. In recent decades, the incidence of TAO has decreased in Europe and the United States in men but several studies have reported an increase in the prevalence of disease in women. TAO is a segmental nonatherosclerotic inflammatory disorder that involves primarily small and medium arteries, veins, and nerves of the extremities with limb ischemia, pain, claudication, ulcers, and necrosis that can lead to amputation. Smoking is considered the main risk factor, but despite that, more than 100 years have passed since the first description of the disease by Leo Buerger, and knowledge on pathogenesis, precipitating factors, and therapy remain still unclear.
Affirming the explanandum
Authors: Trpin Borut 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Affirming the consequent is an inferential pattern in which one infers the antecedent of a given conditional from its consequent. Abductive inference is structurally similar: given some evidence, one infers a hypothesis that explains the evidence. I show that a Bayesian analysis of affirming the consequent helps us understand under which conditions abduction may be justified. This provides a Bayesian vindication of explanatory inference.
Ethics in humanitarian settings—relevance and consequences for dialysis and kidney care
Authors: Luyckx Valerie A , Van Biesen Wim , Ponikvar Jadranka Buturovic , Heering Peter , Abu-Alfa Ali , Silberzweig Ji , Fontana Monica , Tuglular Serhan , Sever Mehmet Sukru 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
With the increasing frequency and severity of disasters and the increasing number of patients living with kidney disease, on dialysis and with transplants around the world, the need for kidney care in humanitarian settings is increasing. Almost all humanitarian emergencies pose a threat to kidney health because all treatments are highly susceptible to interruption, and interruption can be deadly. Providing support for people requiring dialysis in humanitarian settings can be complex and is associated with many trade-offs. The global kidney care community must become familiar with the ethics, principles and duties essential to meeting the overarching goals of ethical and effective disaster relief. Ethics principles and values must be considered on the individual, public health and global levels. The wellbeing of a single patient must be considered in the context of the competing needs of many others, and optimal treatment may not be possible due to resource constraints. Public health ethics principles, including considerations of triage and resource allocation, maximization of benefit and feasibility, often become directly relevant at the bedside. Individuals delivering humanitarian relief must be well trained, competent, respectful and professional, while involved organizations need to uphold the highest professional and ethical standards. There may be dissonance between ethical guidance and practical realities in humanitarian settings, which for inexperienced individuals may present significant challenges. Sustaining dialysis care in emergencies brings these issues starkly to the fore. Preparedness for dialysis in emergencies is an ethical imperative that mandates multisectoral stakeholder engagement and action, development of surge response plans, clinical and ethics guidance, and transparent priority setting. This manuscript outlines common ethics challenges and considerations that apply in all humanitarian actions, and illustrates their relevance to kidney care as a whole, using examples of how these may apply to dialysis and kidney disaster relief efforts in humanitarian settings.
Fontan haemodynamics in adults with obesity compared with overweight and normal body mass index: a retrospective invasive exercise study
Authors: Opp Derek N , Jain C Charles , Egbe Alexander C , Borlaug Barry A , Reddy Yogesh V , Connolly Heidi M , Lara-Breitinger Kyla M , Cordina Rachael , Miranda William R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
The effects of obesity on Fontan haemodynamics are poorly understood. Accordingly, we assessed its impact on exercise invasive haemodynamics and exercise capacity.

Methods and results
Seventy-seven adults post-Fontan undergoing exercise cardiac catheterization (supine cycle protocol) were retrospectively identified using an institutional database and categorized according to the presence of obesity [body mass index (BMI) &gt; 30 kg/m2] and overweight/normal BMI (BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2). There were 18 individuals with obesity (BMI 36.4 ± 3 kg/m2) and 59 with overweight/normal BMI (BMI 24.1 ± 3.6 kg/m2). Peak oxygen consumption (VO2) on non-invasive cardiopulmonary exercise testing was lower in patients with obesity (15.6 ± 3.5 vs. 19.6 ± 5.8 mL/kg/min, P = 0.04). At rest, systemic flow (Qs) [7.0 (4.8; 8.3) vs. 4.8 (3.9; 5.8) L/min, P = 0.001], pulmonary artery (PA) pressure (16.3 ± 3.5 vs. 13.1 ± 3.5 mmHg, P = 0.002), and PA wedge pressure (PAWP) (11.7 ± 4.4 vs. 8.9 ± 3.1 mmHg, P = 0.01) were higher, while arterial O2 saturation was lower [89.5% (86.5; 92.3) vs. 93% (90; 95)] in obesity compared with overweight/normal BMI. Similarly, patients with obesity had higher exercise PA pressure (29.7 ± 6.5 vs. 24.7 ± 6.8 mmHg, P = 0.01) and PAWP (23.0 ± 6.5 vs. 19.8 ± 7.3 mmHg, P = 0.047), but lower arterial O2 saturation [82.4 ± 7.0% vs. 89% (85; 92), P = 0.003].

Conclusion
Adults post-Fontan with obesity have worse aerobic capacity, increased Qs, higher filling pressures, and decreased arterial O2 saturation compared with those with overweight/normal BMI, both at rest and during exercise, mirroring the findings observed in the obesity phenotype of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Whether treating obesity and its cardiometabolic sequelae in Fontan patients will improve haemodynamics and outcomes requires further study.
Speciation across life and the origins of biodiversity patterns
Authors: Wiens John J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Speciation is the original source of all species richness. Here, I address two questions: (i) what might typical speciation look like across life? and (ii) how has speciation led to the diversity of life we see today? What is ‘typical’ depends on the richness of different groups. In groups associated with host organisms (which may dominate numerically), the processes of co-speciation and host switching are crucial. Among free-living organisms, allopatric speciation, ecological divergence, and prezygotic isolation appear widely important. Yet, the processes by which species become allopatric (and initially split) remain highly unclear. Among macroscopic organisms, the processes underlying the speciation of cryptic insect lineages may predominate, and are briefly reviewed here. Analyses of diversification rates among clades can illuminate the factors that drive speciation and species richness, and I review the advantages and disadvantages of different methods for estimating diversification rates. Patterns of species richness among named clades are generally related to variation in diversification rates, and specific types of ecological variables seem to underlie variation in diversification rates at different scales. Nevertheless, many richness patterns are unrelated to diversification rates and may be related to the time available for speciation instead, including richness among regions, clades, and traits.
Mobility Abilities Mediate the Association of a More Active Lifestyle With Mobility Disability in Older Adults
Authors: Lange-Maia Brittney S , Wang Tianhao , Oveisgharan Shahram , Hausdorff Jeffrey M , Bennett David A , Buchman Aron S 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Few studies have analyzed sensor-derived metrics of mobility abilities and total daily physical activity (TDPA). We tested whether sensor-derived mobility metrics and TDPA indices are independently associated with mobility disabilities.

Methods
This cohort study derived mobility abilities from a belt-worn sensor that recorded annual supervised gait testing. TDPA indices were obtained from a wrist-worn activity monitor. Mobility disability was determined by self-report and inability to perform an 8-feet walk task. Baseline associations of mobility metrics and TDPA (separately and together) were examined with logistic regressions and incident associations (average 7 years follow-up) with Cox models. Mediation analysis quantified the extent mobility metrics mediate the association of TDPA with mobility disability.

Results
724 ambulatory older adults (mean age 82 years, 77.4% female) were studied. In separate models, mobility abilities (eg, step time variability, turning angular velocity) and TDPA were related to mobility disabilities. Examined together in a single model, mobility abilities remained associated with mobility disabilities, while TDPA was attenuated. This attenuation of TDPA could be explained by mediation analysis that showed about 50% of TDPA associations with mobility disabilities is mediated via mobility abilities (prevalent mobility disability 54%, incident mobility disability 40%, incident loss of ambulation 50%; all p’s &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Sensor-derived mobility metrics assess more diverse facets of mobility. These metrics mediate approximately half of the association of higher levels of daily physical activity with reduced mobility disability in older adults. Findings may inform the design of targeted interventions to reduce mobility disability in late life.
Primary care telehealth utilization by access-challenged populations in Medicare Advantage
Authors: Boudreau Emily , Sutherland Amanda , Bozzi Debra , Canterberry Melanie , Sylwestrzak Gosia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although telehealth utilization in primary care has decreased markedly since 2020, it remains higher than before the COVID-19 pandemic. There is debate about its role in a post-pandemic healthcare system, particularly for certain groups of patients that may experience greater access challenges related to in-person care. To inform this debate, we examined the use of audiovisual telehealth for primary care as a share of total primary care outpatient visits among Medicare Advantage beneficiaries with and without 3 characteristics associated with potential access challenges (low-income status, disability, and frailty). Primary care visits when the beneficiary was frail were 39.4% (OR: 1.39 [95% CI, 1.37-1.42]) more likely to be telehealth; when the beneficiary was disabled or low-income status, visits were 20.1% (OR: 1.20 [95% CI, 1.18-1.22]) and 8.3% (OR: 1.08 [95% CI, 1.05-1.12]) more likely to be telehealth, respectively. The differential use of telehealth among beneficiaries with low-income status or disability, compared with those without, was significantly larger among providers with a 2-sided risk contract compared with fee for service (low-income status: OR: 1.19 [95% CI, 1.04-1.35]; disability: OR: 1.07 [95% CI, 1.01-1.13]).
Genome-wide association analysis of flowering date in a collection of cultivated olive tree
Authors: Aqbouch Laila , Abou-Saaid Omar , Sarah Gautier , Zunino Lison , Segura Vincent , Mournet Pierre , Bonal Florelle , Zaher Hayat , El Bakkali Ahmed , Cubry Philippe , Costes Evelyne , Khadari Bouchaib 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Flowering date in perennial fruit trees is an important trait for fruit production. Depending on the winter and spring temperatures, flowering of olive may be advanced, delayed, or even suppressed. Deciphering the genetic control of flowering date is thus key to help selecting cultivars better adapted to the current climate context. Here, we investigated the genetic determinism of full flowering date stage in cultivated olive based on capture sequencing data of 318 genotypes from the worldwide olive germplasm bank of Marrakech, Morocco. The genetic structure of this collection was organized in three clusters that were broadly attributed to eastern, central, and western Mediterranean regions, based on the presumed origin of genotypes. Flowering dates, collected over 7 years, were used to estimate the genotypic best linear unbiased predictors, which were then analyzed in a genome-wide association study. Loci with small effects were significantly associated with the studied trait, by either a single- or a multi-locus approach. The three most robust loci were located on chromosomes 01 and 04, and on a scaffold, and explained 7.1%, 6.2%, and 6.5% of the trait variance, respectively. A significantly higher accuracy in the best linear unbiased predictors of flowering date prediction was reported with Ridge- compared to LASSO-based genomic prediction model. Along with genomic association results, this suggests a complex polygenic determinism of flowering date, as seen in many other fruit perennials. These results and the screening of associated regions for candidate genes open perspectives for further studies and breeding programs targeting flowering date.
Repair of mitral paravalvular leak using left atrial appendage tissue
Authors: Otsuka Ryohei , Saito Shunei , Ohno Tsukasa , Miyahara Ken 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Paravalvular leak after mitral valve replacement causes serious symptoms such as heart failure and haemolysis. However, whether re-replacement or direct leak site repair is the appropriate surgical treatment for this condition remains controversial. Herein, we describe a case of paravalvular leak repaired using left atrial appendage tissue with excellent results. The proposed technique enables the repair of a leak at the 9 o’clock position with healthy, full-thickness autologous tissue. For this method, the leak must be located near the left atrial appendage, and the left atrial appendage must not adhere to the pericardial sac. Although this technique can only be used under specific conditions, it is a useful option for cardiac surgeons.
Convergence rates under a range invariance condition with application to electrical impedance tomography
Authors: Kaltenbacher Barbara 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper is devoted to proving convergence rates of variational and iterative regularization methods under variational source conditions variational source conditions (VSCs) for inverse problems whose linearization satisfies a range invariance condition. In order to achieve this, often an appropriate relaxation of the problem needs to be found that is usually based on an augmentation of the set of unknowns and leads to a particularly structured reformulation of the inverse problem. We analyze three approaches that make use of this structure, namely a variational and a Newton-type scheme, whose convergence without rates has already been established in Kaltenbacher, B. (2023, Convergence guarantees for coefficient reconstruction in PDEs from boundary measurements by variational and Newton-type methods via range invariance. IMA J. Numer. Anal., 44, 1269–1312); additionally, we propose a split minimization approach that can be show to satisfy the same rates results. The range invariance condition has been verified for several coefficient identification problems for partial differential equations from boundary observations as relevant in a variety of tomographic imaging modalities. Our motivation particularly comes from the, by now, classical inverse problem of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and we study both the original formulation by a diffusion type equation and its reformulation as a Schrödinger equation. For both of them we find relaxations that can be proven to satisfy the range invariance condition. Combining results on VSCs from Weidling, F. (2019, Variational Source Conditions and Conditional Stability Estimates for Inverse Problems in PDEs. Gttingen: Universitätsverlag Göttingen). with the abstract framework for the three approaches mentioned above, we arrive at convergence rates results for the variational, split minimization and Newton-type method in EIT.
Discrete maximum-minimum principle for a linearly implicit scheme for nonlinear parabolic FEM problems under weakened time restrictions
Authors: Faragó István , Horváth Róbert , Karátson János 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we extend our earlier results in Faragó, I., Karátson, J. and Korotov, S. (2012, Discrete maximum principles for nonlinear parabolic PDE systems. IMA J. Numer. Anal., 32, 1541–1573) on the discrete maximum-minimum principle (DMP) for nonlinear parabolic systems of PDEs. We propose a linearly implicit scheme, where only linear problems have to be solved on the time layers. We obtain a DMP without the restrictive condition $\varDelta t\le O(h^{2})$. We show that we only need the lower bound $\varDelta t\ge O(h^{2})$, further, depending on the Lipschitz condition of the given nonlinearity, the upper bound is just $\varDelta t\le C$ (for globally Lipschitz) or $\varDelta t\le O(h^{\gamma })$ (for locally Lipschitz) for some constant $C&gt;0$ arising from the PDE, or some $\gamma &lt; 2$, respectively. In most situations in practical models, the latter condition becomes $\varDelta t \le O( h^{2/3} )$ in 2D and $\varDelta t \le O( h )$ in 3D. Various real-life examples are also presented where the results can be applied to obtain physically relevant numerical solutions.
Detection of “smoke powder” etomidate and its metabolite etomidate acid in blood and urine by UHPLC–MS-MS: application in authentic cases
Authors: Liying Zhou , Junbo Zhao , Wanting Xie , Ping Xiang , Yan Shi , Hejian Wu , Hui Yan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recently, etomidate has been widely used as an alternative in illicit drug market. It is usually added to regular cigarette tobacco (commonly known as “cigarette powder”) or mixed in e-cigarette oil sold through the Internet, retail stores, or entertainment outlets and other channels. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify etomidate and etomidate acid in human blood and urine. The limit of detection (LOD) of etomidate and etomidate acid in blood is 0.5  and 2 ng/mL, respectively, and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) is 1  and 5 ng/mL, respectively. The LOD of etomidate and etomidate acid in urine is 1 and 2 ng/mL, respectively, and the LLOQ is 2  and 5 ng/mL, respectively. The precision, accuracy, recoveries, and matrix effects of etomidate and etomidate acid determinations in blood and urine met the requirements for methodological validation. The method was successfully applied to the identification and quantification of etomidate and etomidate acid in blood and urine of 62 forensic cases. The concentration of etomidate ranged from 1.52 to 8.41 ng/mL (positive cases, n = 5) and the concentration of etomidate acid ranged from 2.76 to 112 ng/mL (positive cases, n = 5) in blood. The concentrations of etomidate and etomidate acid in urine samples were 2.64–79,300 ng/mL (positive cases, n = 59) and 6.11–518,000 ng/mL (positive cases, n = 60), respectively. Therefore, the concentration of etomidate in blood and urine is mostly higher than that of etomidate.
Incremental Attribute Learning by Knowledge distillation method
Authors: Kuang Zhejun , Wang Jingrui , Sun Dawen , Zhao Jian , Shi Lijuan , Xiong Xingbo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In numerous academic and practical settings, it is common to progressively add data features to existing models as data evolves due to new discoveries and ongoing data collection efforts. Incremental attribute learning focuses on incorporating these new feature dimensions efficiently without retraining the entire model. The key challenge for incremental attribute learning is adapting models to include new attributes dynamically while maintaining their performance on existing data formats. This research leverages strategies from existing incremental learning practices, applying them to incremental attribute learning through a new framework that utilizes knowledge distillation to prevent catastrophic forgetting. Additionally, this study proposes an embedding layer algorithm to manage the variability of input features in incremental learning effectively. Extensive experiments across 11 tabular datasets, covering binary classification, multi-class classification, and regression tasks, indicate that our approach surpasses traditional incremental attribute learning methods and conventional retraining in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Compared to existing incremental attribute learning models, our model requires only a fraction of the training time and achieves a relative improvement of 7.97% in classification tasks. Furthermore, our approach exhibits minimal forgetfulness of old format data, with a forgetting rate of approximately 1% per increment stage, while maintaining strong performance on new format data. Despite its advantages, our method is limited to tabular data and requires additional storage space. We encourage future research to delve deeper into incremental attribute learning and its broader applications, aiming to consistently enhance model performance as new attributes are introduced. Additionally, we suggest exploring methods for refining and selecting soft labels or intermediate vectors to optimize storage efficiency while effectively leveraging the original model’s knowledge.