bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple myeloma cells promote migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by altering their translation initiation
Authors: Dabbah Mahmoud , Attar-Schneider Oshrat , Zismanov Victoria , Tartakover Matalon Shelly , Lishner Michael , Drucker Liat 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The role of the bone marrow microenvironment in multiple myeloma pathogenesis and progression is well recognized. Indeed, we have shown that coculture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from normal donors and multiple myeloma cells comodulated translation initiation. Here, we characterized the timeline of mesenchymal stem cells conditioning by multiple myeloma cells, the persistence of this effect, and the consequences on cell phenotype. Normal donor mesenchymal stem cells were cocultured with multiple myeloma cell lines (U266, ARP1) (multiple myeloma–conditioned mesenchymal stem cells) (1.5 h,12 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 3 d) and were assayed for translation initiation status (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4G; regulators: mechanistic target of rapamycin, MNK, 4EBP; targets: SMAD family 5, nuclear factor κB, cyclin D1, hypoxia inducible factor 1, c-Myc) (immunoblotting) and migration (scratch assay, inhibitors). Involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinases in mesenchymal stem cell conditioning and altered migration was also tested (immunoblotting, inhibitors). Multiple myeloma–conditioned mesenchymal stem cells were recultured alone (1–7 d) and were assayed for translation initiation (immunoblotting). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction of extracted ribonucleic acid was tested for microRNAs levels. Mitogen-activated protein kinases were activated within 1.5 h of coculture and were responsible for multiple myeloma–conditioned mesenchymal stem cell translation initiation status (an increase of &gt;200%, P &lt; 0.05) and elevated migration (16 h, an increase of &gt;400%, P &lt; 0.05). The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells conditioned by multiple myeloma cells were reversible after only 1 d of multiple myeloma–conditioned mesenchymal stem cell culture alone. Decreased expression of microRNA-199b and microRNA-125a (an increase of &lt;140%, P &lt; 0.05) in multiple myeloma–conditioned mesenchymal stem cells supported elevated migration. The time- and proximity-dependent conditioning of normal donor mesenchymal stem cells in our model points to a dynamic interaction between multiple myeloma cells and the bone marrow niche, which causes profound changes in the nonmalignant bone marrow constituents. Future studies are warranted to identify clinically relevant means of blocking this crosstalk and improving multiple myeloma therapy.
Cellular metabolism of myeloid cells in sepsis
Authors: Arts Rob J W , Gresnigt Mark S , Joosten Leo A B , Netea Mihai G 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn recent years, it has become appreciated that immune cells have different metabolic profiles depending on their activation status. During sepsis, circulating leukocytes go through a hyperinflammatory state, which can be accompanied or followed by defective antimicrobial defenses (also described as immune tolerance or paralysis). In this review, the modulation of different cellular metabolic pathways during sepsis in monocytes and macrophages will be discussed. Glycolysis is studied extensively in sepsis and is up-regulated in hyperinflammatory cells, whereas in immune tolerance, it is often down-regulated. Few data are available on other metabolic pathways in immune cells from patients with sepsis. The pentose phosphate pathway is up-regulated during acute hyperinflammatory responses, whereas fatty acid β-oxidation is increased later during sepsis and is associated with an anti-inflammatory (M2) phenotype of macrophages. Within the amino acid metabolism we will discuss the most studied metabolites. Collectively, these data argue that exploration of the immunometabolic pathways in sepsis is an important area of research, and the targeting of metabolic pathways may represent a promising novel strategy as a therapy of sepsis.
Detection and quantification of 3D hydraulic fractures with vertical borehole induction resistivity measurements
Authors: Yang Kai , Torres-Verdín Carlos , Yılmaz Ali E. 
Published: June 2016

We have investigated the ability of low-frequency induction resistivity measurements to detect and appraise hydraulic fractures induced near vertical boreholes. Integral-equation-based simulations indicate that coplanar measurements can detect fractures when they are injected with electrically conductive proppant to increase their conductivity contrast with the shale background. Specifically, when a logging tool consisting of one transmitter and two receivers that are 1.2 and 1.5 m away is used to detect fractures with the effective electrical conductivity of [Formula: see text] in a homogeneous shale formation of [Formula: see text] conductivity, the measurements (1) can indicate the boundary of fractures intersecting with vertical boreholes by the signal spikes generated only when the tool enters/exits fractures, (2) can detect fractures as small as approximately 0.15 m and differentiate fractures up to approximately 10 m in width, (3) can detect fractures with height as small as 0.3 m, (4) can differentiate elliptical and rectangular fractures from each other if they exhibit the same width; e.g., they can discriminate if their widths are within approximately 0.4–10 m, and (5) are sensitive to the effective electrical conductivity of the fracture. A second logging tool consisting of one transmitter and two receivers that are 18 and 19.2 m away is found to be less useful in the detection and appraisal of hydraulic fractures induced near vertical boreholes.
Chanting Dharanis While Dreaming of Lilacs: Buddhism and Beijing in Gong Zizhen's Poems of 1839
Authors: Roddy Stephen J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Gong Zizhen's (1792–1841) poetic sequence, Jihai zashi (Poems of 1839), is noted for its subtle, sophisticated allusions to the poet's wide-ranging intellectual interests, especially his erudite and innovative scholarship in the discipline of geographical studies. It also bears witness to his religious conversion to the esoteric doctrines of the Tiantai sect during the last decade of his life. This study argues that these two dimensions of his intellectual and spiritual life converge in many of the poems; moreover, they serve to complement the ideals of interethnic comity and cultural pluralism that Gong came to champion during his later years. This essay also demonstrates how these themes are also evident in Buddhist metaphors employed in poems addressed to Lingxiao, a Suzhou prostitute whom Gong took as a concubine. By tracing the interplay between the erotic, philosophical, and intellectual dimensions of the poems, this study aims to contribute to furthering the understanding of the structural and thematic coherence of the sequence as a whole.
Literati and Poems About Go (Weiqi 圍棋)
Authors: Dongfang Qi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
As an iconic strategy game, go (weiqi) has long played an important cultural role throughout East Asia. This article examines representations of go in a variety of essays and especially poems. In doing so, it demonstrates that go was hardly a mere pastime, good only for leisure and relaxation. Rather, writers and poets wove the game into a rich brocade of imagery that expressed and reinforced a host of sophisticated ideals prized by the literati. From the religious to moral to political realms, go was one of the most important metaphorical tools available to authors who would claim literati status.
From Stage Scripts to Closet Drama: Editions of Early Chinese Drama and the Translations of Yuan Zaju
Authors: Idema Wilt L. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This study will trace the way shifts in performance and textual function reshaped the zaju from its late thirteenth-century appearance to the early seventeenth-century publication of the Yuanqu xuan by Zang Maoxun. Whereas the Yuanqu xuan offered literary texts for readers, the earliest printings from the fourteenth century were most likely based on lead performers' role texts, printed as aids for the audience. The author will also compare changes introduced into the texts by Ming theatrical agencies and their court performances, with the editorial policy of Li Kaixian, among the first to reprint Yuan zaju as the representative literary genre of that era. Long the major source for Western translations of early Chinese drama, the Yuanqu xuan has been selectively drawn on, according to the different aims of its translators: the plays have been used for language study, observation of Chinese daily life, and appreciation of Chinese literature. The author concludes by noting the growing interest in both Japan and the English-speaking world of scholars and translators, in earlier editions of Yuan drama.
Multifunctional in vivo imaging of pancreatic islets during diabetes development
Authors: Li Ge , Wu Binlin , Ward Meliza G. , Chong Angie C. N. , Mukherjee Sushmita , Chen Shuibing , Hao Mingming 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Pancreatic islet dysfunction leading to insufficient glucose-stimulated insulin secretion triggers the clinical onset of diabetes. How islet dysfunction develops is not well understood at the cellular level, partly owing to the lack of approaches to study single islets longitudinally in vivo. Here, we present a noninvasive, high-resolution system to quantitatively image real-time glucose metabolism from single islets in vivo, currently not available with any other method. In addition, this multifunctional system simultaneously reports islet function, proliferation, vasculature and macrophage infiltration in vivo from the same set of images. Applying our method to a longitudinal high-fat diet study revealed changes in islet function as well as alternations in islet microenvironment. More importantly, this label-free system enabled us to image real-time glucose metabolism directly from single human islets in vivo for the first time, opening the door to noninvasive longitudinal in vivo studies of healthy and diabetic human islets.
Καλλιέργεια πρακτικών ψηφιακού γραμματισμού: δημιουργική πρόκληση για το νέο σχολείο
Authors: Mihalis Athanasios 
Published: June 2016

<p> </p><p><span> </span>This paper concerns digital literacy as a main dimension of social literacy in general, and especially as an important aspect of multimodal literacy. The main purpos-es of the paper (on a theoretical level) are the following: a) the definition of the nature and the main aspects and principles of digital literacy, which is regarded as not explicitly and sufficiently defined in an era of information and advanced technology; b) the presentation and analysis of students’ cognitive schemata (formal and content), which are a prerequisite for the cultivation of digital literacy practices, the social and linguistic aspects of digital literacy and the cultural dimension of this kind of literacy; c) the inves-tigation of ways to connect digital literacy and multimodality; d) the description of se-miotic resources and semiotic modes which are the main means for meaning making and meaning making transformation and redesigning, considered within the frame of social semiotic theory; e) finally, the discussion of some dimensions of critical digital literacy in </p><p>educational systems. Additionally, the main aims of the present paper, as a contribution to scientific research in the literacy field, are: a) to investigate the ways digital literacy practices are cultivated in Greek primary and secondary education through content analysis of the Greek language curricula and course books in secondary education and through the critical analysis of educational discourse; b) to present Greek language teachers’ attitudes towards the term and the aspects of multimodality and its location in the Greek educational system (the data about teachers’ attitudes are collected through interviews). The results of the research show that, in Greek education, digital literacy practices are considered to be an intentional process and a system of knowledge and skills (according the autonomous model of literacy) without being viewed in their social and ideological aspects within a communicative and cultural community. The considera-tion of semiotic resources and digital tools as isolated from their social context is in con-trast to language as semiotic mode, which is examined and studied in its social and cul-tural context. Also, language teachers are confused as far as the notion and the aspects of multimodality are concerned. Finally an example is provided of analysing a multimodal text positing an argument, so as to highlight the construction of meaning through a vari-ety of semiotic modes.Using this example, the content and practice of Greek language as an educational subject could be rejuvenated.</p>
What does the UK public want from academic science communication?
Authors: Redfern James , Illingworth Sam , Verran Joanna 
Published: June 2016

The overall aim of public academic science communication is to engage a non-scientist with a particular field of science and/or research topic, often driven by the expertise of the academic. An e-survey was designed to provide insight into respondent’s current and future engagement with science communication activities. Respondents provided a wide range of ideas and concerns as to the ‘common practice’ of academic science communication, and whilst they support some of these popular approaches (such as open-door events and science festivals), there are alternatives that may enable wider engagement. Suggestions of internet-based approaches and digital media were strongly encouraged, and although respondents found merits in methods such as science festivals, limitations such as geography, time and topic of interest were a barrier to engagement for some. Academics and scientists need to think carefully about how they plan their science communication activities and carry out evaluations, including considering the point of view of the public, as although defaulting to hands-on open door events at their university may seem like the expected standard, it may not be the best way to reach the intended audience.
Peculiarities of Organization of Project-Based Learning Within the Educational Environment of the University
Authors: Зотова  , Zotova A. 
Published: June 2016

Modern society focuses on an innovative approach in
different spheres of life. This principle is evidence that today&#180;s
professional environment requires graduate of new formation. Thus,
the University should choose one of the priority directions in the
educational process of project learning, which is an effective tool
in training specialists of a new type with innovative and creative
potential.
The Criteria for the System of Scientific Knowledge
Authors: Губанов  , Gubanov Nikolay , Губанов  , Gubanov N. 
Published: June 2016

The authors marked and characterized four sets of criteria:
1) the criteria for scientific knowledge, 2) the criteria for the
truth of knowledge, and 3) the criteria for cultural research, 4) the
criteria for independence of science. All these four sets of criteria
related to each other and partially overlap. The mixing of these
criteria makes it difficult to develop the problems of the philosophy
of science. The existing trend of rejection of the category of truth
manifests itself in proposals to replace it with the concepts of reliability,
credibility, sense. Such position creates a paradoxical situation
of self-referencing: if there is no truth, then what is approved
by postmodernists and domestic authors, is also not truth. Therefore,
the consistent implementation of the provisions of the postmodern
leads them to self-destruct. The leading criterions of truth have the
empirical evidence. Its base component is a statistically significant
observation. It operates as a pure supervision or as supervision in
the composition of practices, including experiment. Derivative of
empirical verification by criteria of truth are logical provability,
heuristic, simplicity and beauty. The criteria for scientific knowledge
are conclusiveness (rationality), noncontradiction, empirical verifiability,
repeatability of empirical material, general meaning, systematicity
(coherence), essentiality, uniqueness of terms, developmental
potency. On the basis of these criteria the authors give the
generalized definition of scientific knowledge.
Functionalized magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions
Authors: Chen Dun , Awut Tunsagnl , Liu Bin , Ma Yali , Wang Tao , Nurulla Ismayil 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Fe3O4 nanoparticles (MNP) were coated with 3-aminopropyltriethoxy-silane (APTES), resulting in anchoring of primary amine groups on the surface of the particles, then four kinds of novel magnetic adsorbents (Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs) were formed by grafting of different heterocyclic groups (HCG) on amino groups via substitution reaction. These Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy disperse spectroscopy (EDS). The results confirmed the formation of Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs nanoparticles and the Fe3O4 core possessed superparamagnetism. Batch experiments were performed to evaluate adsorption conditions of Cu2+, Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+. Under normal temperature and neutral condition, just 20 min, the removal efficiency of any Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs is more than 96%. In addition, these Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs have good stability and reusability. Their removal efficiency has no obvious decrease after being used seven times. After the experiments were finished, Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs were conveniently separated via an external magnetic field due to superparamagnetism. These results indicate that these Fe3O4@SiO2-NH-HCGs are potentially attractive materials for the removal of heavy metal ions from industrial wastewater.
Application of multivariate storage model to quantify trends in seasonally frozen soil
Authors: Woody Jonathan , Wang Yan , Dyer Jamie 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article presents a study of the ground thermal regime recorded at 11 stations in the North Dakota Agricultural Network. Particular focus is placed on detecting trends in the annual ground freeze process portion of the ground thermal regime’s daily temperature signature. A multivariate storage model from queuing theory is fit to a quantity of estimated daily depths of frozen soil. Statistical inference on a trend parameter is obtained by minimizing a weighted sum of squares of a sequence of daily one-step-ahead predictions. Standard errors for the trend estimates are presented. It is shown that the daily quantity of frozen ground experienced at these 11 sites exhibited a negative trend over the observation period.
Combustion behavior of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) sapwood treated with a dispersion of aluminum oxychloride-modified silica
Authors: Xiao Zefang , Xu Jiejie , Mai Carsten , Militz Holger , Wang Qingwen , Xie Yanjun 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Treatment of wood with aqueous dispersions of silica that have been modified with aluminum oxychloride (AlOCl) can impart wood water repellence and increased resistance to fungal decay. This study is a comparative survey on the effects of treatment with modified and non-modified silica dispersions in terms of the combustion behavior of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) to evaluate the fire risk of this wood utilized as a construction material. The thermogravimetric results showed that treatments with the silica dispersions did not change the pyrolysis temperature of wood polymers, i.e. there was no synergetic interaction between silica and cell wall polymers during pyrolysis. Cone calorimetry (CONE) indicated that the silica-treated wood required longer time for ignition than the untreated control, but wood chars were similar. Treatments with both silica dispersions led to considerable reduction in the heat release (HR) and smoke production, but the cationically modified silica was more efficient than the unmodified silica. These findings were interpreted that incorporation of modified silica did not substantially influence the pyrolysis of cell wall polymers because they have not penetrated the cell wall; they have rather reduced the fire risk via forming a barrier against oxygen access and a thermal protection shield.
The evolution of genomic stability to a mechanism in reproduction and psychiatry
Authors: Regidor Pedro-Antonio , Volko Claus D. , Schindler Adolf E. , Rohr Uwe D. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
There are two forms of immune defense, the specific or adaptive immune defense and the unspecific innate immune defense. Vaccination is utilized against specific bacteria via the adaptive immune system. The innate immunity DNA stress defense is a non-toxic mechanism developed in yeasts and conserved in mammals and in plants. Although the steroidal hormone cascade has overtaken the stress response and allows superfast response via non-genomic receptors, the old innate immunity response is still mediated via the steroidal hormones cascade. The classical drug/receptor model has provided for many solutions, however, in antibiotics, cancer, and in severe mental diseases this model reaches to certain limits. The NIH/Department of Mental Health has developed a new model that shows severe mental diseases may be immune diseases that can be treated by replacing old diseased nerve cells by new healthy nerve cells, where the old innate immunity may be exploited. This means that severe mental diseases are physical diseases. A newly developed model, where modifications of the steroidal hormone cascade help to understand bipolarity, schizophrenia, and PTSD in men and women can be transferred to gynecological hormone modifications in women, where innate immunity is mediated via the same steroidal hormone cascade. Treatment via immune response via the DNA cascade should be developed in cancer, infections and severe mental disease, because foreign cells or diseased cells may be removed by the unspecific innate immunity.
Long-term positive and negative psychosocial outcomes in young childhood cancer survivors, type 1 diabetics and their healthy peers
Authors: Kremer Anna-Lena , Schieber Katharina , Metzler Markus , Schuster Sonja , Erim Yesim 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objective:
This study examined posttraumatic growth (PTG) in young childhood cancer survivors (CCS) and type 1 diabetics (DM), with physically healthy peers as the control group (CG). Anxiety and depression as negative mental outcomes in the three groups, as well as fear of progression in DM and CCS were examined.

Methods:
A total of 107 participants with ages ranging from 18 to 35 years were examined: CCS (n=33), type 1 diabetics (n=39) and peers without a history of chronic disease (n=35). PTG and negative psychosocial outcomes were assessed with self-report questionnaires.

Results:
There was a significant difference between the groups regarding PTG. On a subscale level DM reported higher appreciation of life (p=0.024), higher personal strength (p=0.010), and more new possibilities (p=0.010) compared to CG. CCS experienced higher spiritual changes than DM (p=0.050). DM reported higher levels of anxiety compared to CCS (p=0.026) and CG (p=0.049). Depression was higher in DM compared to CG (p=0.003). Fear of progression was higher in DM compared to CCS (p<0.001).

Conclusion:
These findings show that psychological growth was experienced by young CCS and participants with DM. Furthermore, these findings highlight that adolescents with a significant health diagnosis in childhood or youth can undergo a similar or even more positive psychosocial development as peers without a history of chronic disease. However, young type 1 diabetics seem to be a more vulnerable group in terms of anxiety, depression and fear of progression.