bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haplotype‐resolved genome of a heterozygous wild peach reveals the PdaWRKY4‐PdaCYP716A1 module mediates resistance to aphids by regulating betulin biosynthesis
Authors: Wang Jun‐Xiu , Li Yong , Wang Xin‐Wei , Cao Ke , Chen Chang‐Wen , Wu Jin‐Long , Fang Wei‐Chao , Zhu Geng‐Rui , Chen Xue‐Jia , Guo Dan‐Dan , Wang Jiao , Zhao Ya‐Lin , Fan Jia‐Qi , Liu Su‐Ning , Li Wen‐Qing , Bie Hang‐Ling , Xu Qiang , Wang Li‐Rong 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWild species of domesticated crops provide valuable genetic resources for resistance breeding. Prunus davidiana, a wild relative of peach with high heterozygosity and diverse stress tolerance, exhibits high resistance against aphids. However, the highly heterozygous genome of P. davidiana makes determining the underlying factors influencing resistance traits challenging. Here, we present the 501.7 Mb haplotype‐resolved genome assembly of P. davidiana. Genomic comparisons of the two haplotypes revealed 18,152 structural variations, 2,699 Pda_hap1‐specific and 2,702 Pda_hap2‐specific genes, and 1,118 allele‐specific expressed genes. Genome composition indicated 4.1% of the P. davidiana genome was non‐peach origin, out of which 94.5% was derived from almond. Based on the haplotype genome, the aphid resistance quantitative trait locus (QTL) was mapped at the end of Pda03. From the aphid resistance QTL, PdaWRKY4 was identified as the major dominant gene, with a 9‐bp deletion in its promoter of the resistant phenotype. Specifically, PdaWRKY4 regulates aphid resistance by promoting PdaCYP716A1‐mediated anti‐aphid metabolite betulin biosynthesis. Moreover, we employed a genome design to develop a breeding workflow for rapidly and precisely producing aphid‐resistant peaches. In conclusion, this study identifies a novel aphid resistance gene and provides insights into genome design for the development of resistant fruit cultivars.
The Relationship Between Dyadic Coping and Mental Health in Stroke Survivors and Their Spouse Caregivers: An Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model
Authors: Song Wangtao , Zhang Xinyue , Ge Song , Zhai Qinghua , Shan Qiuju , Li Xin , Mei Yongxia , Zhang Zhenxiang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo investigate the relationship among dyadic coping, mental health and the individual and mutual influences on stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers.DesignA cross‐sectional descriptive study was conducted in China from November 2019 to August 2020. The STROBE checklist was used to report the present study.MethodsThe analysis included 224 dyads of stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers in China. Data on stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers were collected using the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI), the Patient Health Questionnaire nine‐item scale (PHQ‐9) and the Generalised Anxiety Disorder seven‐item scale (GAD‐7). The dyadic analysis was conducted based on the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM).ResultsRegarding actor effects, spouse caregivers' dyadic coping and perceived dyadic coping had a negative predictive effect on their own anxiety and depression. Stroke survivors' perceived dyadic coping had a negative effect on their own depression. Regarding partner effects, spouse caregivers' perceived dyadic coping also had a negative predictive effect on the depression of the patients. In contrast, stroke survivors' perceived dyadic coping was positively associated with spouse caregivers' anxiety and depression. These findings suggested that mental health of stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers was affected by various dyadic coping dimensions.ConclusionsOur research has the potential to contribute to the understanding dyadic coping and mental health of stroke survivor‐spouse caregiver dyads. The findings reveal that the coping strategies employed by stroke couples are closely related to the mental health of both partners.ImpactThis study provides evidence for the significant impact of dyadic coping on the psychological well‐being of stroke survivors and their spouse caregivers. Therefore, dyadic interventions aiming at strengthening dyadic coping may have positive effects on their mental health.Patient or Public ContributionThis study directly involved the patients and family caregivers in hospital settings.
Correlation Between Symptom Clusters and Self‐Management Among Maintenance Haemodialysis Patients: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Zhang Na , Tu Hui , Xiong Xiaoyun , Guo Ting , Zhang Xiaoxue , Cheng Ting , Peng Ying , Li Wenxin , Chen Yihui 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAims and ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between symptom clusters and self‐management among maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) patients.BackgroundMHD patients experience disease progression and multiple symptom burdens that severely impact quality of life, and self‐management of symptoms may significantly improve patient‐reported outcomes.DesignA cross‐sectional study.MethodsThis cross‐sectional descriptive study included 194 patients undergoing MHD. The patients were assessed using the Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI) and the Haemodialysis Self‐Management Instrument (HD‐SMI). We used descriptive analysis, exploratory factor analysis, Pearson's correlation analysis and linear regression analysis to examine (1) the level of individual self‐management, (2) the presence of symptom clusters by symptom severity and (3) the correlation between symptom clusters and self‐management behaviours. This study was conducted in accordance with the STROBE checklist.ResultsThe top five most severe symptoms among the patients were itching, feeling tired or lack of energy, difficulty sleeping, dry mouth and dry skin. We identified five groups of symptoms: (1) poor sleep, (2) neuromuscular, (3) gastrointestinal, (4) skin irritation and (5) psychological. In the present study, MHD patients reported low to moderate levels of self‐management behaviours (50.84 ± 10.56), and low self‐management ability was correlated with greater severity of the five symptom clusters (p < 0.01). Linear regression analysis revealed that all five symptom clusters were included in the regression equation, explaining 30% of the total variance in self‐management skills among MHD patients.ConclusionEnhanced awareness of symptom clusters and comprehensive symptom management are necessary to improve patients' quality of life.Clinical RelevanceNursing practices should incorporate comprehensive symptom assessments to help patients develop effective self‐management strategies to improve quality of life.
Contextual Factors Influencing Intensive Care Patients’ Discharge Processes: A Multicentre Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lin Frances Fengzhi , Peet Jacqueline , Murray Lauren , Yin Huahua , Ramanan Mahesh , Jacobs Kylie , Brailsford Jane , Osmond Amelia , Kajevu Moreblessing , Prichard Roslyn , Garrett Peter , Tabah Alexis , Mock Carol , Mehdi Ahmed , Chen Yingyan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo compare contextual factors influencing discharge practices in three intensive care units (ICUs).DesignA prospective observational study.MethodsData were collected using a discharge process report form (DPRF) between May and September 2023. Descriptive statistics were performed to analyse demographic and clinical data. One‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the time interval differences among the three sites.ResultsOverall, 69 patients' discharge processes were observed. Among them, 41 (59%) experienced discharge delay, and 1 in 5 patients experienced after‐hours discharge. There were statistically significant differences in mean hours in various time intervals during the discharge processes among the three sites. Patients in Hospital C waited the longest time (mean = 31.9 h) for the ward bed to be ready after the bed was requested and for being eventually discharged after ICU nurses to get them ready for discharge (mean = 26.7 h) compared to Hospital A and Hospital B.ConclusionsWe found that discharge delay and after‐hours discharge were common and there were significant differences in mean hours of various time intervals during the discharge processes occurred among the three sites. The influence of contextual factors in different hospitals/ICU needs to be considered to improve the ICU discharge process.Implications for the Profession and/or Patient CareResearchers and clinicians should consider targeted context‐specific interventions and strategies to optimise patient discharge process from ICUs.ImpactThe study findings will inform the development of tailored interventions to reduce the discharge delay and after‐hours discharge and, in turn, improve the quality and safety of patient care and health service efficiency.Reporting MethodThe Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines.Patient or Public ContributionPatients' discharge processes were observed, and consumer representatives were involved in the study design.
The Impact of Lockdown in Cyberbullying in Primary Education: Transitions of Cyberbullying and Bullying
Authors: Llorent Vicente J. , Seade‐Mejía Carolina , Vélez‐Calvo Ximena , Nasaescu Elena 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDThe COVID‐19 pandemic triggered a worldwide socio‐sanitary crisis, continuing to impact societies worldwide. With many school systems shifted to online education, the current study presents a unique opportunity to investigate relevant phenomena related to serious health issues during the schooling and later in life, cyberbullying and bullying. This study began just before the COVID‐19 lockdown was declared and resumed 5 months later allowing to explore 2 main objectives: first, to explore whether cyberbullying increased during the lockdown, and second, to analyze transitions from to time of bullying and cyberbullying.METHODSThe participants included 792 students from sixth and seventh years of Primary Education (Meanage = 10.81, SD = 0.85) in Ecuador. This is a quantitative longitudinal study. Cyberbullying and bullying scales were used for data collection before the lockdown in January and February 2020 (T1), and after 5 months of lockdown, at the end of the same academic year in July 2020 (T2). Descriptive, comparative and predictive analyses, a latent transition analysis was used to identify latent status of cyberbullying and bullying behavior at T1 and T2.RESULTSThe results revealed a significant increase of cyberbullying after 5 months of the lockdown. Interestingly, only a small percentage of students who were uninvolved in cyberbullying and bullying in T1 remained uninvolved in T2.CONCLUSIONSThe discussion explores the dynamics of cyberbullying involvement and examines changes in the roles and groups of bullying and cyberbullying after 5 months of lockdown. The political‐ and school‐related implications of these findings are thoroughly discussed.
The evolution and disintegration of innovation narratives during scaling in science‐based ventures
Authors: Schou Peter Kalum 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScience‐based ventures (SBVs) are crucial vehicles that bring new technologies from the lab and to the mainstream market. During this journey, innovation narratives play a crucial role in coordinating innovation. Innovation narratives are linguistic representations that actors use to make sense of innovation activities, events and actions. In other words, they are stories that drive sensemaking, which is a critical element in avoiding conflicts in product innovation process and securing coordinated activities between diverse actors. However, as SBVs shift markets and undergo radical changes, they may have to update narratives to fit these changes. Yet, little is known about how innovation narratives and coordination evolve during this journey. To improve knowledge on this matter, I conducted a 24‐month study of a science‐based venture crossing over to a commercial market. I find that during this transition, innovation narratives shift from being shaped by progressive storytelling, where the benefits of becoming commercial and hiring nonacademics is highlighted, to being shaped by retrogressive storytelling, where incumbents and newcomers use their respective pasts to develop divergent narratives, and finally to appearing as disintegrated storytelling, where narratives compete and hinder coordination in innovation processes. Building on these findings, I construct a process model of how innovation narratives evolve and disintegrate as SBVs scale. This article contributes to knowledge on innovation management by illustrating how innovation narratives affect coordination in innovation processes, as well as how they may evolve during organizational change. Furthermore, this article illuminates the challenges that SBVs face to their innovation processes when scaling.
Wasting coexisting with underweight and stunting among children aged 6‒59 months hospitalised in Garissa County Referral Hospital, Kenya
Authors: Wambua Mutuvi , Kariuki Symon M. , Abdullahi Hassan , Abdullahi Osman A. , Ngari Moses M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractManagement of undernourished children depends only on wasting yet it can coexist with underweight and/or stunting. Among children admitted to hospital with acute illness, we determined the proportion with wasting coexisting with underweight and/or stunting and their risk factors. A retrospective review of hospital records of children 6‒59 months old admitted at Garissa County referral hospital, Kenya, from January 2017 to December 2019 was conducted. Using World Health Organization 2006 growth standards, undernutrition were defined: wasting as Weight‐for‐height Z‐score < −2, stunting Height‐for‐age Z‐score < −2 and underweight Weight‐for‐age Z‐score < −2. We studied wasting coexisting with underweight and/or stunting. Among 624 children recruited, 347 (56%) were males and 511 (82%) <24 months old. Diarrhoea 210 (34%) and pallor/anaemia 310 (50%) were the most frequent admission diagnosis. HIV infection was present among 8 (1.3%) children. Wasting, underweight and stunting were present among 595 (95%), 518 (83%) and 176 (28%) children respectively. 161 (26%), 506 (81%) and 161 (26%) children had wasting coexisting with stunting, underweight and both stunting and underweight respectively. In the multivariable regression, diarrhoea was positively associated with wasting coexisting with stunting (adjusted risk ratio [aRR = 2.96] [95% CI = 2.06‒4.23]) and anaemia with wasting coexisting with underweight (aRR = 1.23) (95% CI = 1.03‒1.47). Overall, 343 (55%) children were discharged alive, 67 (11%) absconded from the wards, 164 (26%) were transferred to another hospital and 50 (8.0%) died before discharge. The risk of inpatient death was 10.3%, 7.9%, 8.4% and 6.8% among children not wasted, wasted only, wasted & underweight, and wasted and underweight and stunted respectively (Chi‐square p = 0.60). The study reports an unacceptably high levels of undernourishment, including coexisting forms of undernutrition among hospitalised children. This highlights a public health priority for current nutrition therapeutic care and need of continuity of care among those children discharged alive in the community‐based management of acute malnutrition programmes.
Dynamic change and risk factors of intense thirst in patients admitted to neuro‐intensive care unit: An observational study
Authors: Zhao Peng , Luo Yansi , Xiang Lijun , Cao Meng , Song Xuemei , Liao Lin , Yan Mingyu , Cheng Lei , Zhu Zhihui , Zhang Xiaomei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThirst is a clinical discomfort symptom reported by most patients admitted to intensive care unit (ICU). Little is known about the dynamic change and risk factors of intense thirst in neuro‐intensive care unit (Neuro‐ICU).AimThe objective of this study was to explore the dynamic change and determine the risk factors of intense thirst in patients admitted to Neuro‐ICU, providing reference for personalized interventions of intense thirst.Study designThe study design is a prospective observational study. Demographic and disease‐related, treatment, physiological and biochemical data were collected for 230 patients from Neuro‐ICU of a hospital from May 2023 to November 2023. We assessed thirst intensity on numeric rating scale (NRS) of 0–10 (10 = worst possible thirst) at eight time points: 7:00, 9:00, 11:00, 13:00, 15:00, 17:00, 19:00 and 21:00 and a self‐designed general information questionnaire based on safety protocol for thirst management to analyse the risk factors of intense thirst in Neuro‐ICU patients. If thirst scores were more than 7, we defined it as intense thirst. This study followed the STROBE checklist for cross‐sectional studies.ResultsA total of 230 Neuro‐ICU patients were observed. The dynamic analysis results showed an overall downward trend in thirst intensity, with the highest NRS thirst scores at 07:00 (6.13 ± 2.14) and the lowest at 21:00 (4.02 ± 2.72). The investigation of the current situation showed that the incidence of intense thirst in Neuro‐ICU patients was 47.4%. Intense thirst in Neuro‐ICU patients was predicted by dysphagia (odds ratio [OR] = 1.436, 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.063–1.941), open mouth breathing (OR = 2.201, 95% CI:1.041–4.656), high glucose (OR = 2.584, 95% CI:1.097–6.087), xerostomia (OR = 3.049, 95% CI:1.950–4.767) (all p < .05).ConclusionThe intensity of thirst was dynamically changing and the incidence of intense thirst in Neuro‐ICU patients was relatively high. Timely assessment of Neuro‐ICU patients' thirst severity and identification of those at high risk can ensure the implementation of effective interventions based on patients' characteristics.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThirst is a pervasive distressing symptom often reported by critically ill patients. This study revealed that the clinical nurses need to enhance their focus on dynamic change of thirst, which is helpful for improving the efficiency of bundled thirst interventions at the suitable time.
Disorders of secondary peristalsis are associated with the development of esophagitis
Authors: Berger Tal David , Kung Jasmine , Chalmers Christopher , Nemec Grace , Wen Anna , Nurko Samuel , Rosen Rachel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDisorders of primary peristalsis are associated with a higher percent time pH <4 in the esophagus suggesting poor acid clearance. However, there are no studies of secondary peristalsis and its relationship to microscopic or erosive esophagitis. The goal of this study was to determine the relationship between secondary peristalsis using functional luminal imaging probes (EndoFLIP) and the presence or absence of esophagitis.MethodsWe reviewed the endoscopic and EndoFLIP 2.0 tracings for 103 consecutive patients including those with a history of upper gastrointestinal surgery undergoing upper endoscopy. Esophagogastric junction (EGJ) distensibility and diameter, repetitive antegrade contraction (RACs) presence and frequency, and occlusive diameters were measured. Measurements were then compared between patients with and without microscopic and/or erosive esophagitis. Means were compared using t‐tests. Proportions were compared using Chi‐Squared analyses.Key ResultsOne hundred and three patients were included (mean age: 14.4 + 6.4 years). Ten patients had erosive esophagitis and 28 patients had microscopic esophagitis. Erosive and microscopic esophagitis were associated with abnormal or absent of RACs (p < 0.001). Occlusive diameters were higher in patients with esophagitis compared to those without (p < 0.001). There was no relationship between EGJ distensibility and the presence of erosive or microscopic esophagitis (p = 0.4). The absence of RACs was the only independent predictor of esophagitis (erosive and microscopic), after controlling for age, proton pump inhibitors (PPI) use and EGJ distensibility (p < 0.001).Conclusions & InferencesAbnormal secondary peristalsis is associated with microscopic and gross esophagitis, suggesting that EndoFLIP should be part of the diagnostic algorithm for esophagitis.
Subfamily C7 Raf‐like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 regulate immune homeostasis and stomatal opening in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Gonçalves Dias Márcia , Doss Bassem , Rawat Anamika , Siegel Kristen R. , Mahathanthrige Tharika , Sklenar Jan , Rodriguez Gallo Maria Camila , Derbyshire Paul , Dharmasena Thakshila , Cameron Emma , Uhrig R. Glen , Zipfel Cyril , Menke Frank L. H. , Monaghan Jacqueline 
Published: October 2024

Summary
The calcium‐dependent protein kinase CPK28 regulates several stress pathways in multiple plant species. Here, we aimed to discover CPK28‐associated proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana.
We used affinity‐based proteomics and identified several potential CPK28 binding partners, including the C7 Raf‐like kinases MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39. We used biochemistry, genetics, and physiological assays to gain insight into their function.
We define redundant roles for these kinases in stomatal opening, immune‐triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and resistance to a bacterial pathogen. We report that CPK28 associates with and trans‐phosphorylates RAF26 and RAF39, and that MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 are active kinases that localize to endomembranes. Although Raf‐like kinases share some features with mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MKKKs), we found that MRK1, RAF26, and RAF39 are unable to trans‐phosphorylate any of the 10 Arabidopsis mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinases (MKKs).
Overall, our study suggests that C7 Raf‐like kinases associate with and are phosphorylated by CPK28, function redundantly in stomatal opening and immunity, and possess substrate specificities distinct from canonical MKKKs.
Metabolic engineering of the serine/glycine network as a means to improve the nitrogen content of crops
Authors: Casatejada‐Anchel Ruben , Torres‐Moncho Alejandro , Anoman Armand D. , Budhagatapalli Nagaveni , Pérez‐Lorences Ester , Alcántara‐Enguídanos Andrea , Rosa‐Téllez Sara , de Souza Leonardo Perez , Kumlehn Jochen , Fernie Alisdair R. , Muñoz‐Bertomeu Jesús , Ros Roc 
Published: October 2024

SummaryIn plants, L‐serine (Ser) biosynthesis occurs through various pathways and is highly dependent on the atmospheric CO2 concentration, especially in C3 species, due to the association of the Glycolate Pathway of Ser Biosynthesis (GPSB) with photorespiration. Characterization of a second plant Ser pathway, the Phosphorylated Pathway of Ser Biosynthesis (PPSB), revealed that it is at the crossroads of carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur metabolism. The PPSB comprises three sequential reactions catalysed by 3‐phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase (PGDH), 3‐phosphoSer aminotransferase (PSAT) and 3‐phosphoSer phosphatase (PSP). PPSB was overexpressed in plants exhibiting two different modes of photosynthesis: Arabidopsis (C3 metabolism), and maize (C4 metabolism), under ambient (aCO2) and elevated (eCO2) CO2 growth conditions. Overexpression in Arabidopsis of the PGDH1 gene alone or PGDH1, PSAT1 and PSP1 in combination increased the Ser levels but also the essential amino acids threonine (aCO2), isoleucine, leucine, lysine, phenylalanine, threonine and methionine (eCO2) compared to the wild‐type. These increases translated into higher protein levels. Likewise, starch levels were also increased in the PPSB‐overexpressing lines. In maize, PPSB‐deficient lines were obtained by targeting PSP1 using Cas9 endonuclease. We concluded that the expression of PPSB in maize male gametophyte is required for viable pollen development. Maize lines overexpressing the AtPGDH1 gene only displayed higher protein levels but not starch at both aCO2 and eCO2 conditions, this translated into a significant rise in the nitrogen/carbon ratio. These results suggest that metabolic engineering of PPSB in crops could enhance nitrogen content, particularly under upcoming eCO2 conditions where the activity of GPSB is limited.