bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New rationale for the need for CKOs long-term: a systems perspective on observations
Authors: Sisson Philip William , Ryan Julie J.C.H. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to clarify the need for Chief Knowledge Officers (CKOs) and explain how some recent views on competencies for educational guidelines, a Knowledge Management (KM) competency model and expansion of practice management concepts make the need for CKOs clearer.

Design/methodology/approach
This viewpoint was developed in response to recent publications disparaging the idea of a CKO. The method used was to extract ideas from published and in-work papers to establish the basis for and explain the postulated Unified Competency Theory of KM and its implications regarding the need for CKOs.

Findings
CKOs are needed to ensure that all organizationally relevant functions’ knowledge and KM assessments and/or audits are individually complete and collectively sufficient. A risk/opportunity management role also provides justification.

Research limitations/implications
This paper mainly limits its discussion to the papers that comprise research leading to the Unified Competency Theory of KM, its implications and an updated practice management model. Other points of view that might substantiate or refute the conclusions have not been addressed.

Practical implications
The KM field needs to better identify KM’s risk and opportunity management role and functional imperative. Organizations may need to reevaluate their directions with regards to KM and a CKO.

Originality/value
It extends the concept of practice management to permit differentiating disciplines. It provides new rationale for CKOs.
Successful customer knowledge management implementation through social media capabilities
Authors: Kargaran Sanaz , Jami Pour Mona , Moeini Hossein 
Published: July 2017

PurposeNowadays, the recent advances in information and communications technology and the advent of Web 2.0 technology have resulted in the increasing popularity of social media and provided enterprises and companies with new horizons in establishing an effective significant relationship with clients. Despite the recognized importance of social media in knowledge management (KM) and customer relationships, there is not any research to identify social media capabilities related to customer knowledge management (CKM). Therefore, the purpose of this study is to recognize the social media capabilities related to CKM effectively.Design/methodology/approachTo obtain research objectives, literature review, focus group method and expert interview were applied to identify and categorize social media capabilities. Analytical hierarchy process (AHP) also used to prioritize capabilities important.FindingsThe results indicate social media capabilities such as conversation capability, sharing capability, groups/community capability, relationship capability, speed and ease of access for the public are the main capabilities related to exploit customer knowledge and manage it successfully.Research limitations/implicationsThe results highlight the different social media capabilities for CKM approach which will enhance customer insight and personalized services. Because of the newness of CKM and social media implementation in Iranian firms, empirical study was not conducted for a better understanding of their business value.Originality/valueThe main innovation of this study is identifying the social media capabilities related to CKM and prioritizing them which allow managers to select the most appropriate social media tools based on these results.
Global Feature Tracking and Similarity Estimation in Time‐Dependent Scalar Fields
Authors: Saikia H. , Weinkauf T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present an algorithm for tracking regions in time‐dependent scalar fields that uses global knowledge from all time steps for determining the tracks. The regions are defined using merge trees, thereby representing a hierarchical segmentation of the data in each time step. The similarity of regions of two consecutive time steps is measured using their volumetric overlap and a histogram difference. The main ingredient of our method is a directed acyclic graph that records all relevant similarity information as follows: the regions of all time steps are the nodes of the graph, the edges represent possible short feature tracks between consecutive time steps, and the edge weights are given by the similarity of the connected regions. We compute a feature track as the global solution of a shortest path problem in the graph. We use these results to steer the – to the best of our knowledge – first algorithm for spatio‐temporal feature similarity estimation. Our algorithm works for 2D and 3D time‐dependent scalar fields. We compare our results to previous work, showcase its robustness to noise, and exemplify its utility using several real‐world data sets.
Sliceplorer: 1D slices for multi‐dimensional continuous functions
Authors: Torsney‐Weir T. , Sedlmair M. , Möller T. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMulti‐dimensional continuous functions are commonly visualized with 2D slices or topological views. Here, we explore 1D slices as an alternative approach to show such functions. Our goal with 1D slices is to combine the benefits of topological views, that is, screen space efficiency, with those of slices, that is a close resemblance of the underlying function. We compare 1D slices to 2D slices and topological views, first, by looking at their performance with respect to common function analysis tasks. We also demonstrate 3 usage scenarios: the 2D sinc function, neural network regression, and optimization traces. Based on this evaluation, we characterize the advantages and drawbacks of each of these approaches, and show how interaction can be used to overcome some of the shortcomings.
Dynamic Scene Graph: Enabling Scaling, Positioning, and Navigation in the Universe
Authors: Axelsson Emil , Costa Jonathas , Silva Cláudio , Emmart Carter , Bock Alexander , Ynnerman Anders 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this work, we address the challenge of seamlessly visualizing astronomical data exhibiting huge scale differences in distance, size, and resolution. One of the difficulties is accurate, fast, and dynamic positioning and navigation to enable scaling over orders of magnitude, far beyond the precision of floating point arithmetic. To this end we propose a method that utilizes a dynamically assigned frame of reference to provide the highest possible numerical precision for all salient objects in a scene graph. This makes it possible to smoothly navigate and interactively render, for example, surface structures on Mars and the Milky Way simultaneously. Our work is based on an analysis of tracking and quantification of the propagation of precision errors through the computer graphics pipeline using interval arithmetic. Furthermore, we identify sources of precision degradation, leading to incorrect object positions in screen‐space and z‐fighting. Our proposed method operates without near and far planes while maintaining high depth precision through the use of floating point depth buffers. By providing interoperability with order‐independent transparency algorithms, direct volume rendering, and stereoscopy, our approach is well suited for scientific visualization. We provide the mathematical background, a thorough description of the method, and a reference implementation.
State of the Art in Edge and Trail Bundling Techniques
Authors: Lhuillier A. , Hurter C. , Telea A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBundling techniques provide a visual simplification of a graph drawing or trail set, by spatially grouping similar graph edges or trails. This way, the structure of the visualization becomes simpler and thereby easier to comprehend in terms of assessing relations that are encoded by such paths, such as finding groups of strongly interrelated nodes in a graph, finding connections between spatial regions on a map linked by a number of vehicle trails, or discerning the motion structure of a set of objects by analyzing their paths. In this state of the art report, we aim to improve the understanding of graph and trail bundling via the following main contributions. First, we propose a data‐based taxonomy that organizes bundling methods on the type of data they work on (graphs vs trails, which we refer to as paths). Based on a formal definition of path bundling, we propose a generic framework that describes the typical steps of all bundling algorithms in terms of high‐level operations and show how existing method classes implement these steps. Next, we propose a description of tasks that bundling aims to address. Finally, we provide a wide set of example applications of bundling techniques and relate these to the above‐mentioned taxonomies. Through these contributions, we aim to help both researchers and users to understand the bundling landscape as well as its technicalities.
STAR: Visual Computing in Materials Science
Authors: Heinzl C. , Stappen S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractVisual computing has become highly attractive for boosting research endeavors in the materials science domain. Using visual computing, a multitude of different phenomena may now be studied, at various scales, dimensions, or using different modalities. This was simply impossible before. Visual computing techniques provide novel insights in order to understand complex material systems of interest, which is demonstrated by strongly rising number of new approaches, publishing new techniques for materials analysis and simulation.Outlining the proximity of materials science and visual computing, this state of the art report focuses on the intersection of both domains in order to guide research endeavors in this field. We provide a systematic survey on the close interrelations of both fields as well as how they profit from each other. Analyzing the existing body of literature, we review the domain of visual computing supported materials science, starting with the definition of materials science as well as material systems for which visual computing is frequently used. Major tasks for visual computing, visual analysis and visualization in materials sciences are identified, as well as simulation and testing techniques, which are providing the data for the respective analyses. We reviewed the input data characteristics and the direct and derived outputs, the visualization techniques and visual metaphors used, as well as the interactions and analysis workflows employed. All our findings are finally integrated in a cumulative matrix, giving insights about the different interrelations of both domains. We conclude our report with the identification of open high level and low level challenges for future research.
Does Secretory Clearance Follow Glomerular Filtration Rate in Chronic Kidney Diseases? Reconsidering the Intact Nephron Hypothesis
Authors: Chapron A , Shen DD , Kestenbaum BR , Robinson‐Cohen C , Himmelfarb J , Yeung CK 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDrug‐dose modification in chronic kidney disease (CKD) utilizes glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with the implicit assumption that multiple renal excretory processes decline in parallel as CKD progresses. We compiled published pharmacokinetic data to evaluate if GFR predicts renal clearance changes as a function of CKD severity. For each drug, we calculated ratio of renal clearance to filtration clearance (Rnf). Of 21 drugs with Rnf >0.74 in subjects with GFR >90 mL/min (implying filtration and secretion), 13 displayed significant change in Rnf vs. GFR (slope of linear regression statistically different from zero), which indicates failure of GFR to predict changes in secretory clearance. The dependence was positive (n = 3; group A) or negative (n = 10; group B). Eight drugs showed no correlation (group C). Investigated drugs were small molecules, mostly hydrophilic, and ionizable, with some characterized as renal transporter substrates. In conclusion, dosing adjustments in CKD require refinement; in addition to GFR, biomarkers of tubular function are needed for secreted drugs.
Passive Conformism in Academia: Saudi Organization, Education, and Technology
Authors: Al Lily Abdulrahman Essa , Alhazmi Ahmed Ali 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAcademia is expected to act as a cognitive arena in which members intellectually challenge one another, problematize social structures, and destabilize dominant ideologies. It is, supposedly, a cognitively unstable environment wherein intellectualism pushes social boundaries and acts as an agent for social change. It is a training camp wherein people come to be trained in the practice of critical thinking. Hence, one would imagine that academia would be the last place to find passive conformism. However, does this image reflect reality? Having interviewed four groups of 50 students, 47 academics, and 28 support staff in three Saudi universities, passive conformism (be it unethical, managerial, or in the form of logistical conformism) appears to be a necessity in Saudi academia. This suggests that, although academia acts as an authority in regard to critical thinking, it may not internalize this philosophy or expose its own organizational activities to such thinking. Passive conformism in Saudi academic organizations is enhanced by wider Saudi culture which promotes conformism among its citizens and directs every aspect of public and private lives, including the lives of its academic organizations. A theoretical proposition could be therefore that passive conformism in a society could be transmitted to its organizations.
Outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria with or without aplastic anemia
Authors: Lee Sung‐Eun , Park Sung Soo , Jeon Young‐Woo , Yoon Jae‐Ho , Cho Byung‐Sik , Eom Ki‐Sung , Kim Yoo‐Jin , Lee Seok , Min Chang‐Ki , Kim Hee‐Je , Cho Seok‐Goo , Kim Dong‐Wook , Min Woo‐Sung , Lee Jong Wook 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the long‐term outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) with or without aplastic anemia (AA).MethodA total of 33 patients withPNHclones who underwent allogeneicSCTwere analyzed.ResultsAfter a median follow‐up of 57 months (range, 6.0‐151.3), the 5‐year estimated overall survival rate was 87.9±5.7%. Four patients died of transplant‐related mortality (TRM). With the exception of one patient with earlyTRM, 32 patients were engrafted. Two patients who had developed delayed GF received a second transplant and recovered. The cumulative incidences of acute graft‐vs‐host disease (GVHD) (≥gradeII) and chronicGVHD(≥moderate) were 27.3±7.9% and 18.7±7.0%, respectively. Twenty‐one patients receivingSCTwith reduced‐intensity conditioning (RIC) had available follow‐up data forPNHcell population for the first 6 months post‐transplant. Analysis of these data revealed that thePNHclones disappeared within approximately 2 months.ConclusionRICregimen was sufficient to eradicatePNHclones with sustained donor‐type engraftment after allogeneicSCT. Therefore, application of allogeneicSCTwithRICshould be considered in patients withPNH, in accordance with the severity of the underlying bone marrow failure.
Multidate, multisensor remote sensing reveals high density of carbon‐rich mountain peatlands in the páramo of Ecuador
Authors: Hribljan John A. , Suarez Esteban , Bourgeau‐Chavez Laura , Endres Sarah , Lilleskov Erik A. , Chimbolema Segundo , Wayson Craig , Serocki Eleanor , Chimner Rodney A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTropical peatlands store a significant portion of the global soil carbon (C) pool. However, tropical mountain peatlands contain extensive peat soils that have yet to be mapped or included in global C estimates. This lack of data hinders our ability to inform policy and apply sustainable management practices to these peatlands that are experiencing unprecedented high rates of land use and land cover change. Rapid large‐scale mapping activities are urgently needed to quantify tropical wetland extent and rate of degradation. We tested a combination of multidate, multisensor radar and optical imagery (Landsat TM/PALSAR/RADARSAT‐1/TPI image stack) for detecting peatlands in a 2715 km2 area in the high elevation mountains of the Ecuadorian páramo. The map was combined with an extensive soil coring data set to produce the first estimate of regional peatland soil C storage in the páramo. Our map displayed a high coverage of peatlands (614 km2) containing an estimated 128.2 ± 9.1 Tg of peatland belowground soil C within the mapping area. Scaling‐up to the country level, páramo peatlands likely represent less than 1% of the total land area of Ecuador but could contain as much as ~23% of the above‐ and belowground vegetation C stocks in Ecuadorian forests. These mapping approaches provide an essential methodological improvement applicable to mountain peatlands across the globe, facilitating mapping efforts in support of effective policy and sustainable management, including national and global C accounting and C management efforts.
Evaluation of the accuracy of nine electronic apex locators by using Micro‐CT
Authors: Connert T. , Judenhofer M. S. , Hülber‐J M. , Schell S. , Mannheim J. G. , Pichler B. J. , Löst C. , ElAyouti A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo determine the accuracy of locating the apical constriction using apex locators.MethodologyExtracted teeth were micro‐CT scanned preoperatively to localize the apical constriction. Electronic length measurements of 91 root canals were made using nine electronic apex locators (EAL) connected to a mounting model. Distances from the major foramen were recorded at each scale bar of the EALs, and a file was fixed in the canal at a position indicated by each EAL to be the apical constriction. A second micro‐CT scan was conducted, and distances from the file tip to constriction and major foramen were calculated for each EAL. The accuracy of EALs was determined with a tolerance of 0.1, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mm, and the 95% confidence interval was used to compare the EALs. A rank analysis was performed in which measurements beyond the major foramen were considered as inaccurate.ResultsRegardless of the type of teeth, there was no significant difference in the accuracy of determining the apical constriction and major foramen between the nine EALs within a tolerance of ±0.5 mm and 1 mm, but there was a significant difference for the tolerances of ±0.1 and 0.25 mm. The highest ranks close to the constriction (98% and 94%) and to the major foramen (86% and 73%) were observed in Dentaport ZX and Elements Diagnostic Unit, respectively. Overestimation of working length beyond the major foramen was observed in all EALs (5% to 71%) when the scale for the major foramen, as recommended by the manufacturers, was used. However, when the scale for the constriction was used, only 3% of the measurements were beyond the major foramen.ConclusionElectronic apex locators were able to determine the apical constriction. Using EALs to determine the major foramen led to overestimation of the working length. Therefore, it may be recommended to use the EAL scale of the constriction.
Reticulocyte count and extended reticulocyte parameters by Mindray BC‐6800: Reference intervals and comparison with Sysmex XE‐5000
Authors: Buttarello M. , Rauli A. , Mezzapelle G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntroductionIn this study, analytic performance (imprecision, carryover, time stability) and diagnostic efficiency of Mindray BC‐6800 analyzer to quantify reticulocytes and extended reticulocyte parameters was evaluated. Moreover, reference intervals on adult population were determined. Results were compared with those obtained by Sysmex XE‐5000 analyzer.MethodsOne hundred and eighty‐four healthy adults of both sexes, and 368 subjects affected by various pathologic conditions (nutritional anemias before and after treatment, hemolytic and posthemorragic anemias, acute and chronic inflammations, malignancy under therapy, and beta thalassemia trait) were selected.ResultsReference intervals were as follows: reticulocytes (×109/L): 23.2‐93.2; immature reticulocyte fraction: 0.015‐0.14; mean reticulocyte hemoglobin equivalent (RHE) (pg): 30.9‐35.7; mean reticulocyte volume (fL): 97.8‐118. Imprecision on reticulocyte count at all concentrations was close to analytic goal based on within‐subject biological variation. Carryover (2.3%) was negligible, and time‐stability was excellent up to 8 hours.ConclusionWhen compared with XE‐5000, BC‐6800 shows a good overall correlation on counting despite evidence of difference in the upper limit of reference intervals (93.2 vs 101.3). Comparison of diagnostic efficiency of extended parameters shows a good total agreement of RHE (91.6%).
How the Criteria for Joining the European Union Affect Public Opinion: The Case of Equal Pay between Women and Men in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Page Douglas 
Published: July 2017

AbstractExisting studies suggest that normative commitments to the European Union's gender equality standards remain weak in states applying for EU membership, and that citizens are unresponsive to information the EU provides. However, these studies do not gauge public support for women's rights when they are addressed as an EU issue (an EU frame). In an original experimental survey of Bosnia and Herzegovina, I examine the effect of EU framing on support for equal pay between women and men, and the responsibility assigned to the government for unequal pay. I find that EU frames affect the responsibility assigned to the government. Supporters of independence from the EU assign less responsibility to their government for unequal pay, when equal pay is addressed as an EU issue.
Retrieving overlapping crystals information from TEM nano‐beam electron diffraction patterns
Authors: VALERY A. , RAUCH E.F. , CLÉMENT L. , LORUT F. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe diffraction patterns acquired with a transmission electron microscope (TEM) contain Bragg reflections related to all the crystals superimposed in the thin foil and crossed by the electron beam. Regarding TEM‐based orientation and phase characterisation techniques, the nondissociation of these signals is usually considered as the main limitation for the indexation of diffraction patterns. A new method to identify the information related to the distinct but overlapped grains is presented. It consists in subtracting the signature of the dominant crystal before reindexing the diffraction pattern. The method is coupled to the template matching algorithm used in a standard automated crystal orientation mapping tool (ACOM‐TEM). The capabilities of the approach are illustrated with the characterisation of a NiSi thin film stacked on a monocrystalline Si layer. Then, a subtracting‐indexing cycle applied to a 70 nm thick thin foil containing polycrystalline tungsten electrical contacts shows the capability of the technique to recognise small nondominant grains.