bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional Knee Stability in Elite Field Hockey Depends on Playing
Class and Gender
Authors: Hiepen Lucie , Bosserhoff Niklas , Schaudig Florian , Heitzer Falko , Jäger Marcus , Mayer Constantin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractField hockey, a physically demanding Olympic sport, carries a high risk of lower
limb injuries, yet data on injury risk in elite field hockey are limited.
Functional knee stability is important for injury prevention and a safe return
to sport. This study is the first to investigate functional knee stability in
elite field hockey, considering gender and playing class, and establishes
reference data for functional knee stability by using a standardized test
battery that assesses one- and two-legged stability, jumping tests, speed, and
agility. Seventy-two elite field hockey players, 30 males and 42 females (age
19.82±3.74 years) were divided into High Playing Class (HPC) and Moderate
Playing Class (MPC). HPC players showed significantly better performance in all
functional tests except balance tests (p<0.01–0.024). Females showed
significantly better one- and two-leg stability (p<0.01) with lower
injury rates, indicating the relevance of gender considerations. The study
emphasizes the importance of balance and stability in the prevention of lower
limb injuries in Olympic field hockey and also highlights the importance of
considering pre-existing deficits in functional knee capability when assessing
athletes for return to sport. These results can help improve athletic
performance, identify individual strengths and weaknesses, prevent injury or
re-injury, and facilitate return to sport after injury.
Vitamin D – das Leistungshormon im Spitzensport
Authors: Gröber Uwe , Holick Michael F. 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungVitamin D übt seine physiologischen Funktionen über die Aktivierung des
Transkriptionsfaktors Vitamin-D-Rezeptor (VDR) aus, der u. a. in Muskel- und
Knochenzellen und in Zellen des Immunsystems exprimiert wird. Im Spitzensport
ist ein 25(OH)D-Spiegel von mind. 50 ng/ml anzustreben, um die positiven
Wirkungen auf Muskelkraft und Ausdauer zu nutzen, Sportverletzungen sowie
Infektionen vorzubeugen und die Regenerationsfähigkeit zu verbessern. Es
bestehen Wechselwirkungen zwischen Vitamin D und Eisen, das neben dem
Sauerstofftransport an zahlreichen Stoffwechselprozessen im Energiestoffwechsel
beteiligt ist. Ein diätetischer Mangel an Kalzium, Magnesium und Vitamin D ist
zu vermeiden, da proinflammatorische Prozesse resultieren können.
Auswirkungen kritischer Ereignisse bei Auslandseinsätzen auf die
psychische Gesundheit von Militärpersonal
Authors: Konhäuser Lucas , Renner Karl-Heinz , Himmerich Hubertus , Willmund Gerd , Zimmermann Peter Lutz , Krüger Jan Philipp , Wesemann Ulrich 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Auslandsverwendungen stellen bei Militärpersonal ein
Berufsrisiko für psychische Störungen und Einschränkungen der Lebensqualität
dar. Diese Studie geht der Frage nach, ob sich für die Inzidenz psychischer
Symptome nach Auslandseinsätzen ein relevanter Prädiktor finden lässt. Es wird
postuliert, dass Soldat*innen mit einem militärspezifisch kritischen Ereignis
mehr Symptomatik entwickeln und ihre Lebensqualität sinkt.
Methoden In diese Studie wurden N=370 Kampftruppensoldat*innen
eingeschlossen, die im Rahmen des International Security Assistance
Force-Einsatzes (ISAF) in Afghanistan eingesetzt waren. Mit Hilfe von Fragebögen
wurden Daten zur psychischen Symptomatik und der Lebensqualität vor und nach dem
Einsatz erhoben. Als Diskriminator diente, ob ein kritisches militärspezifisches
Ereignis, definiert als Typ-A Kriterium der PTBS nach ICD-10 (F43.1), im Rahmen
des Einsatzes erlebt wurde.
Ergebnisse Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Einsatzkräfte mit kritischem
Ereignis (n=81; 21.9%) signifikant mehr depressive, somatische und
Stresssymptome entwickeln. Bei der Auswertung der Fragebögen zur Quality of Life
fanden sich, abgesehen von umweltbezogener Lebensqualität in allen
Lebensbereichen signifikante Verschlechterungen. In der Studiengruppe ohne
kritisches Ereignis fanden sich signifikante Verbesserungen des Stresserlebens
und der umweltbezogenen Lebensqualität nach dem Einsatz. Unter Einbezug der
Gesamtgruppe zeigte sich ein Zeit x Gruppen-Interaktionseffekt mit einer
Verschlechterung der Soldat*innen mit kritischen Ereignissen in allen oben
genannten Bereichen, abgesehen von der umweltbezogenen Lebensqualität.
Schlussfolgerung Zusammenfassend lässt sich postulieren, dass kritische
Ereignisse im Rahmen eines Auslandseinsatzes einen erheblichen Einfluss auf die
psychische Gesundheit und die Lebensqualität der Soldat*innen haben. Dies kann
für spezifischere Maßnahmen der Einsatzvor- und Nachbereitung sowie für
De-Stigmatisierungsprogramme genutzt werden.
Medical Professionals and Pharmacological Intervention for the Treatment of Insomnia: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Liaskopoulos Antonios , Kakouris Vasileios , Liaskopoulos Nikolaos , Lappas Andreas S. , Christodoulou Nikolaos , Samara Myrto 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective To explore the preferences of medical practitioners concerning various medications and other remedies to manage insomnia, and to ascertain whether these preferences are associated with their respective medical specialties.
Materials and Methods Employing the snowball sampling technique, we administered two versions of a questionnaire to an international group of medical professionals, including trainees and specialists from diverse medical backgrounds.
Results Zopiclone, zolpidem, and mirtazapine were evaluated as the most effective treatments for insomnia, while physicians would typically avoid using other tricyclic antidepressants, dual orexin receptor antagonists, and tryptophan for insomnia treatment. Noteworthy statistical correlations between physicians' specialty and preferred drug therapy, were observed in three out of five cases: 1) first-line drug treatment for short-term intervention against insomnia; (2) second-line treatment for long-term intervention; and 3) cases involving the elderly.
Discussion Psychiatrists demonstrated a greater preference for antipsychotics and antidepressants for the treatment of insomnia compared with other physicians. Conversely, other medical professionals exhibited a preference for benzodiazepines and Z-drugs (zopiclone and zolpidem). Although Z-drugs were evaluated as the most effective in the treatment of insomnia, in the clinical practice, physicians administer or would administer antidepressant or antipsychotic drugs more often (mirtazapine and quetiapine respectively). Regarding Dual Orexin Receptor Antagonists (DORAs), the high prevalence of “Do not know/No opinion” answers implies that our sample was not familiar with this innovative treatment.
Enhance the viscosity of polydimethylsiloxane by controlling the volume ratio of monomer and chain terminator
Authors: Auliya D. G. , Setiadji S. , Fitrilawati  , Kartasasmita A. S. , Risdiana  
Published: October 2024

The production of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as a vitreous substitute in Indonesia has been carried out. In our previous study, a good quality of low viscosity PDMS was well provided using a low-grade octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) monomer. We also reported that a new type of PDMS with medium viscosity had been produced. In vitreoretinal surgery, medium-viscosity PDMS has advantages over the other types of PDMS due to its injectability and lower propensity to emulsify. However, to produce a high-quality medium viscosity PDMS and fulfill stringent requirements, the conditions affecting the synthesis results need to be explored. Here, we reported the effect of changing one of the PDMS synthesis parameters, namely, the volume ratio composition of low-grade D4 monomer and chain terminator of hexamethyldisiloxane (MM) in producing medium viscosity PDMS. PDMS with low viscosity was successfully synthesized with a ratio of D4:MM = 26:10. However, only by changing the ratio of D4:MM from 26:10 to 46:10, the resulting PDMS increased in viscosity from low- to medium-viscosity PDMS of 1.81 Pa s. Quality improvement was also indicated by high surface tension and higher yield values. The medium viscosity PDMS had a refractive index and functional group values similar to the PDMS produced in previous studies.
Experimental Road to a Charming Family of Tetraquarks … and Beyond
Authors: Zhu 朱 Feng 峰 , Bauer Gerry , Yi 易 Kai 凯 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Discovery of the X(3872) meson in 2003 ignited intense interest in exotic (neither

q

q
¯

nor qqq) hadrons, but a

c

c
¯

interpretation of this state was difficult to exclude. An unequivocal exotic was discovered in the Zc
(3900)+ meson—a charged charmonium-like state. A variety of models of exotic structure have been advanced but consensus is elusive. The grand lesson from heavy quarkonia was that heavy quarks bring clarity. Thus, the recently reported triplet of all-charm tetraquark candidates—X(6600), X(6900), and X(7100)—decaying to J/ψ J/ψ is a great boon, promising important insights. We review some history of exotics, chronicle the road to prospective all-charm tetraquarks, discuss in some detail the divergent modeling of J/ψ J/ψ structures, and offer some inferences about them. These states form a Regge trajectory and appear to be a family of radial excitations. A reported, but unexplained, threshold excess could hint at a fourth family member. We close with a brief look at a step beyond: all-bottom tetraquarks.
Rare-Earth Chalcogenides: An Inspiring Playground for Exploring Frustrated Magnetism
Authors: Xie 谢 Mingtai 铭泰 , Zhuo 卓 Weizhen 威震 , Cai 蔡 Yanzhen 焱桢 , Zhang 张 Zheng 政 , Zhang 张 Qingming 清明 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The rare-earth chalcogenide ARECh
2 family (A = alkali metal or monovalent ions, RE = rare earth, Ch = chalcogen) has emerged as a paradigmatic platform for studying frustrated magnetism on a triangular lattice. The family members exhibit a variety of ground states, from quantum spin liquid to exotic ordered phases, providing fascinating insight into quantum magnetism. Their simple crystal structure and chemical tunability enable systematic exploration of competing interactions in quantum magnets. Recent neutron scattering and thermodynamic studies have revealed rich phase diagrams and unusual excitations, refining theoretical models of frustrated systems. This review provides a succinct introduction to ARECh
2 research. It summarizes key findings on crystal structures, single-ion physics, magnetic Hamiltonians, ground states, and low-energy excitations. By highlighting current developments and open questions, we aim to catalyze further exploration and deeper physical understanding on this frontier of quantum magnetism.
Modulation of spin–orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates: analytical characterization of acceleration-induced transitions between energy bands
Authors: Gomez Llorente J M , Plata J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The effects of modulating spin-orbit coupled Bose–Einstein condensates are analytically studied. A sinusoidal driving of the coupling amplitude is shown to induce significant changes in the energy bands and in the associated spin-momentum locking. Moreover, in agreement with recent experimental results, gravitational acceleration of the modulated system is found to generate transitions between the modified energy bands. The applicability of the Landau–Zener (LZ) model to the understanding of the experimental findings is rigorously traced. Through a sequence of unitary transformations and the reduction to the spin space, the modulated Hamiltonian, with the gravitational potential incorporated, is shown to correspond to an extended version of the LZ scenario. The generalization of the basic LZ model takes place along two lines. First, the dimensionality is enlarged to combine the description of the external dynamics with the internal-state characterization. Second, the model is extended to incorporate two avoided crossings emerging from the changes induced in the energy bands by the modulation. Our approach allows a first-principle derivation of the effective model-system parameters. The obtained analytical results provide elements to control the transitions.
Dy3+ ions in fluorophosphate glasses for luminescent white light applications
Authors: Rao K Venkata , Vidya Sagar S , Srihari N V , Dhoble Sanjay J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, a series of fluorophosphate (FP) glasses, activated with Dy3+ ions and displaying concentration dependence, have been prepared and analysed for their suitability in luminescent white light applications. The melt quenching method was utilized to fabricate a set of FP glasses, doped with Dy3+ ions and possessing the composition of (60 − x) P2O5 + 10MgO + 10ZnO + 10BiF3 + 10KF + xDy2O3, where x ranges from 0.1 to 2.0 mol%. The structural properties of the samples were analysed using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy while the optical properties of the samples were studied using absorption and emission spectra. The amorphous nature of the FP glasses was confirmed through SEM analysis and XRD profiles. Moreover, the presence of elements in their composition was verified using EDX. The FTIR spectra of the FP glasses exhibited vibration bands consistent with the characteristic phosphate groups, which was further supported by Raman analysis. The absorption spectra were used to calculate oscillator strengths (f
exp & f
cal) and Judd–Ofelt (JO) parameters Ω
λ
(λ = 2, 4, 6). The values of Ω
λ
(λ = 2, 4, 6) followed this order: Ω6 > Ω2 > Ω4. The emission spectra displayed three prominent transitions in the UV–visible region: (4F9/2 → 6H15/2) blue, (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) yellow, and (4F9/2 → 6H11/2) red. The peak at 553 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) was the most intense and dominant. Radiative characteristics were evaluated from the emission spectra through the employment of JO intensity parameters and refractive indices. The Y/B intensity ratio values were greater than 1, indicating the high covalency of Dy3+ ions. The colour coordinates (x, y) and correlated colour temperature values of CIE 1931 were situated in the cool white region. The comprehensive analysis suggests that these glasses have the potential to become highly favourable candidates as luminescent components for solid-state white light emitting instruments.
Circularly polarized radiation to control the superconducting states: stability analysis
Authors: Croitoru M D , Buzdin A I 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecently, the use of circularly polarized radiation for on-demand switching between distinct quantum states in a superconducting nanoring exposed to half-quantum magnetic flux has been proposed. However, the effectiveness of this method depends on the system’s stability against local variations in the superconducting characteristics of the ring and flux fluctuations. In this study, we utilize numerical simulations based on the time-dependent Ginzburg–Landau equation to evaluate the influence of these inevitable factors on the switching behavior. The results obtained demonstrate that the switching phenomena remain remarkably robust, providing confidence in their experimental observation.
Vanadium incorporation in 2D-layered MoSe2
Authors: Del Piero João V B , Miwa Roberto H , Scopel Wanderlã L 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recent advances in experimental techniques have made it possible to manipulate the structural and electronic properties of two-dimensional layered materials (2DM) through interaction with foreign atoms. Using quantum mechanics calculations based on the density functional theory, we explored the dependency of the structural, energetic, electronic, and magnetic properties of the interaction between Vanadium (V) atoms and monolayer and bilayer MoSe2. Spin-polarized metallic behavior was observed for high V concentration, and a semiconductor/metal interface emerged due to V adsorption on top of BL MoSe2. Our research demonstrated that the functionalization of 2D materials makes an important contribution to the design of spintronic devices based on a 2D-layered materials platform.
Dynamic liquid level prediction for multiple oil wells based on transfer learning and multidimensional feature fusion network
Authors: Chunyang Leng , Mingxing Jia , Dapeng Niu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Accurate prediction of the dynamic liquid level (DLL) in oil wells is crucial for the intelligent optimization of pumping systems. It provides real-time insights into the operational conditions of the pumping system but also supports the optimization of operational parameters with data. However, due to the long-term operation of oil wells and their complex internal environments, direct measurement of the DLL is challenging, leading to low reliability of the obtained data. Therefore, this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the parameters involved in the pumping process, identifies the model’s input features, and develops a DLL prediction model for multiple wells based on multidimensional feature fusion (MFF). This model captures the characteristics of DLL changes and the diversity of input features. To address the issues of slow model training and low prediction accuracy caused by insufficient datasets in practical applications, this paper integrates transfer learning (TL) techniques. It proposes a new model, the DLL model for multiple wells based on TL and multidimensional feature fusion (TMFF). Initially, the Euclidean distance and maximum mean discrepancy methods are employed to verify the feature similarity between the source and target domains, using highly similar DLL data as experimental data. By combining TL techniques with the MFF model, the TMFF model is established. The model’s capabilities are validated using field-collected data with broad representativeness. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed MFF model possesses high accuracy and generalization capability. Additionally, the TMFF model effectively resolves the issue of insufficient data during model training. In summary, the methods proposed in this paper can provide accurate DLL data for practical applications in intelligent oilfields.
In-situ observations of the three-dimensional energy cascade rate and Yaglom flux in the Earth’s magnetosheath
Authors: Pecora Francesco 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Measuring the energy cascade rate in space plasmas is a challenging task for several reasons. This quantity is (i) inherently three-dimensional (ii) scale-dependent, (iii) anisotropic in the interplanetary plasma, and (iv) requires measurements of plasma parameters in at least four points. Here, it is shown how three of these problems have been addressed by applying the novel lag polyhedra derivative ensemble (LPDE) technique to the magnetospheric multiscale (MMS) mission in the Earth’s magnetosheath. In particular, this technique solves the full vectorial Yaglom equation, handling problem (i), does not require the assumption of isotropy, solving problem (iii), while the application to MMS addresses constraint (iv).
Improved adaptive robust control of direct-drive pump-valve cooperative brake-by-wire unit with disturbance compensation
Authors: Tan Cao , Yu Peng , Jiang Yixuan , Li Xiaozheng , Wang Geng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the needs of high-level autonomous driving, a direct-drive pump-valve coordinated brake-by-wire unit was designed. To improve the response speed, control accuracy, and robustness of the brake-by-wire unit, an improved adaptive integral robust control method (AIRC-AD) based on a novel adaptive law and disturbance compensation was proposed. By integrating pressure tracking error information and overall parameter estimation error information, a novel parameter adaptive law with fast convergence speed was designed. A finite-time disturbance observer was designed to observe the overall system disturbance, improving the system’s anti-disturbance performance. Finally, the stability of the control method was proven using the Lyapunov stability proof method. The results show that under step target signals, sinusoidal target signals and triangular wave target signals, AIRC-AD has better response speed and control accuracy. In conditions such as increased permanent magnet temperature, increased coil resistance, or reduced flow area due to hydraulic pipeline blockage, AIRC-AD has better adaptability. The unit and the method can meet the demand for precise braking force control in high-level autonomous driving.
The implementation of algebraic complex lookup tables over non-chain Galois ring extensions and Henon map in multimedia security
Authors: Safdar Muhammad Umair , Shah Tariq , Ali Asif 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Image encryption is crucial for web-based data storage and transmission. Complex algebraic structures play a vital role in providing unique features and binary operations. However, current algebraic-based techniques face challenges due to limited key space. To tackle this issue, our study uniquely connects the algebraic structures with a chaotic map. The study introduces a complex non-chain Galois ring structure and a 12-bit substitution box for image substitution. An affine map is utilized to permute image pixels, and the 12-bit substitution box is uniquely mapped to a Galois field for encryption. A two-dimensional Henon map is employed to generate different keys for the XOR operation, resulting in an encrypted image. The resilience of the scheme against various attacks is evaluated using statistical, differential, and quality measures, showcasing its effectiveness against well-known attacks.
Aspects of Everpresent Λ. Part II. Cosmological tests of current models
Authors: Das Santanu , Nasiri Arad , Yazdi Yasaman K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates Everpresent Λ, a stochastic dark energy model motivated by
causal set theory and unimodular gravity, and confronts it with two key observational data sets,
Supernova Ia (SN Ia) and Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. A key feature of this model is
that Λ fluctuates over time and on average the magnitude of its fluctuations is of the
order of the dominant energy density (be it radiation or matter) for the given epoch. In
particular, we focus on a phenomenological implementation of Everpresent Λ known as Model
1. The random fluctuations in Everpresent Λ realizations are generated using seed numbers,
and we find that for a small fraction of seeds Model 1 is capable of producing realizations that
fit SN Ia data better than ΛCDM. We further investigate what features distinguish these
realizations from the more general behaviour, and find that the “good” realizations have
relatively small fluctuations at low redshifts (z < 1.5), which do not closely track the matter
density. We find that Model 1 struggles to improve on ΛCDM at describing the CMB data.
However, by suppressing the values of Λ near the last scattering surface, as suggested in [1], we find a large improvement in the best fit of the model, though still with a
χ
2 value much larger than that of ΛCDM. We also study the allowed variation of the
dark energy density by the CMB constraints in a more model-independent manner, and find that some
variation (especially prior to recombination) is possible and in fact can lead to improvement over
ΛCDM and reduce the Hubble tension, in line with some early dark energy proposals.
However, for the kinds of variations considered, the favoured fluctuations are smaller in
magnitude than is typical in current Everpresent Λ models.