bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling of Pressure Drop During Refrigerant Condensation in Pipe Minichannels
Authors: Sikora Małgorzata , Bohdal Tadeusz 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Investigations of refrigerant condensation in pipe minichannels are very challenging and complicated issue. Due to the multitude of influences very important is mathematical and computer modeling. Its allows for performing calculations for many different refrigerants under different flow conditions. A large number of experimental results published in the literature allows for experimental verification of correctness of the models. In this work is presented a mathematical model for calculation of flow resistance during condensation of refrigerants in the pipe minichannel. The model was developed in environment based on conservation equations. The results of calculations were verified by authors own experimental investigations results.
Modeling of Kerena Emergency Condenser
Authors: Bryk Rafał , Schmidt Holger , Mull Thomas , Wagner Thomas , Ganzmann Ingo , Herbst Oliver 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
KERENA is an innovative boiling water reactor concept equipped with several passive safety systems. For the experimental verification of performance of the systems and for codes validation, the Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA) was built in Karlstein, Germany. The emergency condenser (EC) system transfers heat from the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) to the core flooding pool in case of water level decrease in the RPV. EC is composed of a large number of slightly inclined tubes. During accident conditions, steam enters into the tubes and condenses due to the contact of the tubes with cold water at the secondary side. The condensed water flows then back to the RPV due to gravity. In this paper two approaches for modeling of condensation in slightly inclined tubes are compared and verified against experiments. The first approach is based on the flow regime map. Depending on the regime, heat transfer coefficient is calculated according to specific semi-empirical correlation. The second approach uses a general, fully-empirical correlation. The models are developed with utilization of the object-oriented Modelica language and the open-source OpenModelica environment. The results are compared with data obtained during a large scale integral test, simulating loss of coolant accident performed at Integral Test Stand Karlstein (INKA). The comparison shows a good agreement.Due to the modularity of models, both of them may be used in the future in systems incorporating condensation in horizontal or slightly inclined tubes. Depending on his preferences, the modeller may choose one-equation based approach or more sophisticated model composed of several exchangeable semi-empirical correlations.
Political disputes and consequences on tourism
Authors: Liasidou Sotiroula 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The aim of the paper is to identify the stance of tourism industry practitioners in the Republic of Cyprus in the case of reunification. Since 1974 and the Turkish invasion, one third of the island’s territory has remained under an illegal occupation. Discussing Cyprus’ political problem and the potential of reunification in relation to the tourism industry is a new concept in nature. The tourism industry will be the vehicle for further economic development. So, it is imperative to understand the opinions of tourism stakeholders and decision makers who will potentially be involved in the development of tourism in the reunited island. In order to identify the consequences of the status quo on the Republic, the views of 26 powerful elite people, both in the public and private sectors of the country, were collected through a qualitative data inquiry using semi-structured interviews. The results of the study suggest that the inability to come up with a viable solution has many negative consequences on the tourism industry of the island. The results of the study suggest that a possible reunification will render Cyprus as an innovative tourism destination.
Antidiabetic and antiplatelet aggregation study of various methanol fractions of Nymphaea stellata Willd. leaves
Authors: Raja Mohan Maruga , Mishra Shri Hari , Tamboli Riyaj Shaukat , Agilandeswari Devarajan 
Published: December 2017

Summary
Introduction: Nymphaea stellata Willd. (Nymphaeaceae) is traditionally used for the treatment of diabetes. Alcohol extract of N. stellata leaves has been reported for hypoglycaemic activity. Objective: The aim of this study was to further investigate the different methanol fractions of N. stellata leaves for anti-diabetic activity and anti-platelet aggregation activity. Methods: Methanol extract was fractioned in to unsaponified petroleum ether fraction of methanol extract (UPFME), chloroform fraction of methanol extract (CFME) and residual fraction of methanol extract (RFME). All fractions were evaluated for in vivo anti-diabetic activity (STZ-NAD-induced rat model), in vitro anti-diabetic activity (PTP1B inhibition study) and anti-platelet aggregation activity. Results: UPFME showed significant changes in all studied parameters, compared to the diabetic control. UPFME also showed an IC50 value of 19.30±1.1 mg/ml and 13.11±0.7 μg/ml in PTP1B inhibition study and anti-platelet aggregation study, respectively. Conclusion: The study indicates that UPFME of N. stellata leaves exhibit anti-diabetic and anti-platelet aggregation activity.
Acute and sub-chronic toxicity evaluations of aqueous extract from stem bark of Grewia mollis (Malvaceae) in rats
Authors: Pongri Adarki , Igbe Ighodaro 
Published: December 2017

Summary
Introduction: Different parts of Grewia mollis Juss. (Malvaceae) are commonly used in folk medicine to treat several ailments, including diarrhea, ulcers, rickets, cough and fever. Although several studies have proved its therapeutic effectiveness, there are very few toxicological studies on the plant. Objectives: This study was carried out to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of the aqueous extract of G. mollis stem bark (GM) in animals. Methods: In the acute study, rats were orally administrated with GM at doses of 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800 and 9600 mg/kg to determine the oral medial lethal dose (LD50). In the chronic study, rats received three doses of GM (150, 300 and 600 mg/kg) for 28 days. After the treatments, food intake, body weights, biochemical, hematological and histopathological parameters were analyzed. Results: The LD50 was estimated to be >9600 mg/kg. No significant alterations in the animal’s body weight gain, relative organs weight, serum biochemical analysis, hematological or histopathological analyses of liver, kidneys, lungs, heart and spleen were observed. Conclusions: The results of this study provided evidence that oral administration of GM at dose of 600 mg/kg is relatively safe in rats and may not exert severe toxic effects.
From academia to courtroom: Perception of and expectations from the legal translator’s role
Authors: Orlando Daniele , Gialuz Mitja 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
While both translation process and product have been the subject of abundant research, in the Translation Studies literature there seems to be a lack of focus on the role of the translator (Dam, Helle V. & Karen Korning Zethsen. 2009. Translation studies: Focus on the translator. Hermes Journal of Language and Communication Studies 42(1). 7–12). The implication here seems to be that there is a general consensus – though not supported by much empirical evidence – on the inferior status of translators (Sela-Sheffy, Rakefet & Miriam Shlesinger (eds.). 2011. Identity and status in the translational professions. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing). Nevertheless, the perception of and expectations from translators are a rather relevant issue, particularly in the field of legal translation (for an overview, see Pym, Anthony, François Grin, Claudio Sfreddo et al. 2012. The status of the translation profession in the European Union (DGT/2011/TST). Final Report. Luxembourg: European Commission) where the responsibility placed on legal interpreters and translators is extremely high. This paper aims at investigating the perception of legal translators – mostly in terms of professional requirements and translation quality – in both academia and the professional environment, based on the findings of a survey carried out within the QUALETRA project (JUST/2011/JPEN/AG/2975) and a study carried out at the University of Trieste on the role of translators in local criminal proceedings.
Recent Advances in Role of Propolis as Natural Additive in Poultry Nutrition
Authors: Khan Sohail H. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Propolis is a natural resinous mixture produced by honey bees from substances collected from parts of plants, buds and exudates. Due to its waxy nature and mechanical properties, bees use propolis in the construction and repair of their hives for sealing openings and cracks and smoothing out the internal walls and as a protective barrier against external invaders and weathering threats. Bees gather propolis from different plants, in the temperate climate zone mainly from poplar. About 300 compounds such as polyphenols, phenolic aldehydes, sequiterpene quinines, coumarins, amino acids, steroids and inorganic compounds have been identified in propolis samples. Several scientific studies have been focused on the biological activities of propolis and its functions as a health supplement in humans. It could have akin function in poultry. This review is focused on the current findings relating to chemical composition, as an antioxidant, on performance, immunity, intestinal flora and haematological parameter in domesticated poultry species (broiler chickens, laying hens, quail and duck).
Quantification of Selected Trace and Mineral Elements in Royal Jelly from Bulgaria by Icp-Oes and Etaas
Authors: Balkanska Ralitsa , Mladenova Elisaveta , Karadjova Irina 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to investigate selected trace and mineral elements in Royal Jelly (RJ) from Bulgaria. A total of 30 RJ samples were included in the study. The analytical procedure consisted of the microwave digestion of the RJ samples with nitric acid followed by instrumental measurement. Concentrations of Al, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr and Zn were determined using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), while As, Cd, Co, Ni and Pb were determined by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). Our results showed that elements K, Mg, Ca represented 96% from the total mineral content of the RJ samples from Bulgaria, while the most abundant trace element was Na, followed by Zn. The elements Ba, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn and Sr were found in trace concentration levels and elements As, Pb, Cd, Co and Ni in microconcentration levels. Selected mineral and trace elements were found in relatively constant concentration levels in all of the analyzed RJ samples. It was concluded that chemical element content did not depend on geographical origin and was under homeostatic adjustment in RJs.
An American woman through the prism of the epithet: semasiological aspect in creating images
Authors: Stashko Halyna 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The paper describes the use of epithets in creating female images in American folk songs. The results of the stylistic analysis show how different types of epithets intensify female images and testify to the connection between semantics and culture. Multifunctionality of the epithet tends to be of paramount importance in creating and interpreting images and backgrounds to them in folk song texts. This synergy provides valuable and handy clues, which help understand the evolution of a woman in America.
Conceptualization of motion in communicative space in English
Authors: Virotchenko Svitlana 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The study of space and motion in space as well as its further verbalization remains one of the topical issues of present-day linguistic research, though motion in personal space still needs a more detailed analysis. This paper analyzes English verbalization of movement in communicative space from a cognitive linguistic perspective. It aims at revealing specific features of the constructions under study by applying such a theoretical tool of cognitive linguistics as image schemas.
Temperature Control for Regional Transport
Authors: Gnap Jozef , Rovňaníková Dominika , Jaśkiewicz Marek 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe introduction of this article outlines the terms and conditions of food control in the Slovak Republic and the institutions that provide it. This section also provides the comparison of inspection results in selected periods. The second part of the paper describes the measurement of the regional transport of perishable food products. The measurement compares all permitted temperature tolerances and is subsequently evaluated. The results of the measurements are also compared with the analysis of the number of checks carried out.
Structure and succession of periphyton in an urban reservoir: artificial substrate specificity
Authors: Trbojević Ivana , Jovanović Jelena , Kostić Dušan , Popović Slađana , Krizmanić Jelena , Karadžić Vesna , Subakov Simić Gordana 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Substrate specificity of the periphyton community is usually underestimated in both periphyton ecology and biomonitoring studies, thus different kinds of both natural and artificial substrates (of organic and inorganic origin) are employed. Periphyton colonization and successional trajectories are particularly debatable processes when different kinds of substrates are considered. In our field experiment, we deployed four kinds of artificial substrates (two inorganic ones – glass and ceramic, and two organic ones – willow and yew wooden tiles) for the development of periphyton in an urban reservoir referred to as Lake Savsko (Belgrade, Serbia). We comparatively investigated the structure, colonization process, diversity and successional trajectories of periphyton. We also assessed the relationship between the dynamics of algae growth forms (ecological groups) on different substrates and selected abiotic limnological factors. Our objective was to determine whether the type of substrate affects periphyton characteristics at various levels and whether an artificial substrate potentially affects the bioindication capacity of ecological groups. We concluded that all substrates behave similarly at the level of structure and colonization phases, but when considering diversity and successional trajectories, the substrate specificity was demonstrated. Our results suggest that communities developed on inert substrates (glass and ceramic) could provide more realistic insight into complex environmental changes.
Distribution and abundance of pteropods in the western Barents Sea
Authors: Kacprzak Paula , Panasiuk Anna , Wawrzynek Justyna , Weydmann Agata 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe abundance and horizontal distribution of three pteropod species,Limacina helicina, Limacina retroversaandClione limacinawere examined in the western entrance of the Barents Sea (Polar Front region) in August 2011. Sixteen samples were collected from 8 sampling sites located along a latitudinal transect. The southern part of the study area (south of 73°N) was dominated byL. retroversa, whileL. helicinawas mostly observed north of 73°N. Surface water temperature differences between the coldest and the warmest station were around 8°C. The highest density ofL. retroversawas found in the south, near the Norwegian coast (nearly 52 000 ind. 1000 m−3), while the highest density ofL. helicinawas observed in the region of the Arctic water masses (nearly 13 000 ind. 1000 m−3). The sampled population of pteropods comprised mainly juvenile stages. Redundancy analysis (RDA) of the relationships between environmental factors (mean and surface salinity, mean temperature, sampling depth, chlorophyll concentration) and the population structure showed that mean temperature was the most important factor in the study area, explaining 70.5% of the pteropod community variation.
Surirella barrowcliffia Donkin 1869 (Bacillariophyta, Surirellaceae): the first observation of the diatom in Poland
Authors: Szulc Bogusław , Szulc Katarzyna 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Diatoms of the genus Surirella are considered to be a very diverse group, many of them are endemic species found in old lakes as well as in tropical regions worldwide. This study describes a new location of Surirella barrowcliffia. In 2005-2007, algological research on the taxonomic composition of benthic diatoms was conducted in the middle section of the Pilica River (Central Poland). A total of 23 benthic samples were collected from a single sampling site located in the town of Sulejów (159.8 km upriver). Altogether 242 diatom species were identified in the collected material. One of the most interesting taxa in this community was S. barrowcliffia. According to the information available in the world’s algological databases, such as Algaterra and AlgaeBase, S. barrowcliffia has so far been found only in England, France, Finland, northern Germany – in the Weser and the Kleine Wumme rivers, near Bremen, and in Romania in the Crapina-Jijila lake complex. S. barrowcliffia has not been recorded in the previous research conducted not only in the middle section of the Pilica River, but also in other Polish aquatic ecosystems.
The Table of Ptolemy’s Terms (Tetr. 1.21)
Authors: Tolsa Cristian 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The paper presents three strong arguments advocating for the exclusion of the table of Ptolemy’s own planetary terms (Tetr. 1.21.28–29) from the original text of the Tetrabiblos. This table was vastly used by Renaissance astrologers, and much work on its rationale and its manuscript variant readings has been published recently. The author argues that the table was the product of the systematic analysis of Ptolemy’s instructions for the terms in the late antique commentary on the Tetrabiblos edited by Wolf in 1559, and that it entered the direct transmission of Ptolemy’s text in the Byzantine period, probably in the 11th century through cod. Laur. 28,34. The absence of the table in the original Tetrabiblos would explain Ptolemy’s recourse to a probably invented manuscript find and his limited account of the system’s workings.
The Evolution of Presidential Powers in Albanian Constitutions 1991 and 1998 According to the Frye Index
Authors: Chmiel Paweł 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The article describes the changes in the president’s position in Albania over the years, starting with the democratic transition in the early 1990s. The work consists of three elements: (1) theoretical framework about measuring presidential power and institutionalization of the president (2) the Presidential competence index provided by T. Frye (3) the analysis of the reasons for the presidency implementation in Albania. The author considered two Constitutions acts that were valid in a given moment. The paper takes into consideration the analysis of legal (constitutional) factors that influenced the destabilization of political systems emerging in post-communist countries according to Frye Index.
Effect of Practice on Performance and Pacing Strategies During an Exercise Circuit Involving Load Carriage
Authors: Burdon Catriona A. , Park Joonhee , Tagami Kyoko , Groeller Herbert , Sampson John A. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Burdon, CA, Park, J, Tagami, K, Groeller, H, and Sampson, JA. Effect of practice on performance and pacing strategies during an exercise circuit involving load carriage. J Strength Cond Res 32(3): 700–707, 2018—Pacing is critical for athletic endeavors, and the strategies used by athletes are often modified after practice. The importance of practice when completing occupational assessments has been established; however, the effect of load carriage and discrete subtask activities on strategies to modulate physical exertion to complete a work task simulation is currently unknown. Therefore, we sought to investigate the effect of practice on pacing strategies used to complete a physiological aptitude assessment circuit. Twenty-five participants completed an assessment designed for firefighters on 3 occasions. The circuit comprised 6 disparate tasks (including unilateral load carriage, static holds and fire-hose drags) with lap and task completion times recorded. Pacing strategies were examined relative to the effect of practice throughout (globally) and within the assessment (discrete tasks). By the second visit, overall test performance and discrete task performance of the first, fourth, and fifth tasks improved, respectively, by 12.6% (95% confidence interval: ±3.6%, p < 0.01), 12.4% (±6.0%, p < 0.01), 11.7% (±4.9%, p < 0.01), and 17.8% (±10.0%, p < 0.03). Compared with visit 1, significant improvements in performance were observed on the second and third visit. However, no significant additional improvement was noted between visits 2 and 3. Therefore, to reliably assess performance of the occupational test, 1 practice session (2 visits) is required. Practice is important to allow individuals to optimize their pacing strategy for successful performance.
Profiling Inflammatory Markers During the Competitive Season and Post Season in Collegiate Wrestlers
Authors: Roth Joe , Szczygiel Taylor , Moore Mary , O'Connor Paul , Edwards Jeffrey , Sharma Naveen , Pettit-Mee Ryan , Zuhl Micah 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Roth, J, Szczygiel, T, Moore, M, O'Connor, P, Edwards, J, Sharma, N, Pettit-Mee, R, and Zuhl, M. Profiling inflammatory markers during the competitive season and post season in collegiate wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res 33(8): 2153–2161, 2019—The purpose of this study was to determine whether biological markers of muscle damage and inflammation coincide with subjective measures of muscle fatigue and sleep quality among Division I collegiate wrestlers. The goal was to provide practitioners with noninvasive techniques to evaluate a wrestler's inflammatory state. Subjects from the Central Michigan University Division I collegiate wrestling team (n = 6) were analyzed on 6 separate occasions throughout the course of the competitive season and post season. Biological measurements (creatine kinase [CK], interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-α], IL-1β, IL-10) and subjective measurements (fatigue, muscle soreness, and sleep quality) were performed. The self-reported level of muscle soreness and fatigue was significantly higher from preseason through midseason, but leveled off late into the season. Creatine kinase followed a similar pattern early into the season compared with preseason and decreased at the end of season. Plasma TNF-α and IL-8 levels increased modestly late into season compared with preseason. Sleep quality correlated with plasma levels of IL-8 (r
2 = 0.120, p < 0.05). Subjects experienced muscle soreness and fatigue early in the competitive season, along with an increase in markers of muscle damage. This may indicate an adaptive response to the training load. Low-grade systemic inflammation increased late into the season, and correlated with poor sleep quality. Based on these data, wrestlers may benefit by additional recovery time early into the season to prevent muscle fatigue and damage. As the season progresses, low-grade inflammation may be prevented or monitored by tracking the quality of sleep.