bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gender perception in the development of online legal information system for the Indian environment
Authors: Bhardwaj Raj Kumar 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The study aims to identify gender differences and similarities in the awareness of legal information resources and problems faced by legal professionals. Further, the study identifies the differences on the basis of gender, regarding the requirements in developing an online legal information system (OLIS) for the Indian environment.

Design/methodology/approach
The study was carried out in eight law libraries in Delhi using a structured questionnaire. Data were collected through the questionnaire having 27 questions including dichotomous (Yes/No), multiple-choice questions, rating and opinion questions. A need assessment survey was conducted using the structured questionnaire circulated among 750 respondents of eight institutions in Delhi. In total, 397 filled in questionnaires were received back. A total of 246 of the respondents were males and 151 females. The design and development of an OLIS went through five phases, i.e. preliminary preparation, designing and planning phase, development of OLIS covering preparation of software, data structures, metadata, search form, testing and implementation phase and maintenance.

Findings
The study found that 100 per cent of the female respondents were aware of online legal information resources. Maximum 28.4 per cent female respondents rated legal e-resources “very good”, whereas only 19.9 per cent male ranked them “very good”. Female respondents were found less aware about open access resources. In addition, of 246 male respondents, 213 (86.6 per cent) responded “Yes” about awareness of open access resources and 33 (13.4 per cent) marked “No”. In comparison, 116 (76.8 per cent) female respondents revealed they are aware of open access resources; 35 (23.2 per cent) were not aware of open access resources. Fifty-eight (23.6 per cent) male respondents were very dissatisfied, and 60 (24.4 per cent) completely dissatisfied. However, in contrast, 29 (19.2 per cent) female respondents were very dissatisfied and 24 (15.9 per cent) completely dissatisfied in using open access resources.

Research limitations/implications
The study covers only eight institutions in Delhi, India. High courts and law universities in other parts of the country are not covered. In addition, OLIS contains a sample collection.

Practical implications
The study explores the inhibitions faced by female and male legal professionals. A suitable legal information system is developed to match the requirements of female legal professionals, research scholars and faculty members. The study is expected to address problems faced by female legal professionals in accessing the desired judicial and legislative information.

Originality/value
OLIS (www.olisindia.in) has been developed on the basis of a need assessment survey conducted on male and female legal professionals in India. No study has been conducted so far to compare the viewpoints of male and female legal professionals in India for developing an OLIS.
Teaching effectiveness attributes in business schools
Authors: Simendinger Earl , El-Kassar Abdul-Nasser , Gonzalez-Perez Maria Alejandra , Crawford John , Thomason Stephanie , Reynet Philippe , Kjellander Björn , Edwards Judson 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Determining the attributes of effective business teachers is critical to schools as they strive to attract and retain students, assure learning, obtain and maintain reputation and accreditations, and place their alumni in the competitive job market. The purpose of this paper is to examine students and faculty perceptions of teaching effectiveness in five culturally disparate countries: Colombia, France, Lebanon, Sweden, and the USA.

Design/methodology/approach
A survey was designed based on previous research complemented by an extensive literature review as well as personal communications with faculty in different international business schools. The survey considered 39 teaching attributes related to three specific dimensions: class delivery, class preparation and design, and instructional traits and personal characteristics. The survey targeted students and faculty from seven business schools located in five countries.

Findings
This study offers new conceptual and analytical analyses from a cross-country comparative perspective. Rankings of the importance of perceived teaching attributes for both major groups involved in the teaching of business, faculty and students, are reported. The attributes are also ranked by teaching taxonomy and examined across countries.

Practical implications
This study provides practical results that can be useful to instructors wishing to increase their teaching effectiveness and to universities considering revising their student evaluation forms.

Originality/value
This study includes data collected from faculty and students from several schools located in culturally disparate countries and, thus, increases the applicability of the results in a cross-cultural manner and provides implications for practice internationally.
Generating change from below: what role for leadership from above?
Authors: King Fiona , Stevenson Howard 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
In recent years the benefits of distributed leadership have often assumed the status of an unchallengeable orthodoxy. There is a general acceptance that leadership is best when it is dispersed. In reality this is often little more than a form of “licensed leadership” in which those working in subordinate roles can only exercise their leadership in tightly prescribed contexts. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the contribution of teacher professional development to promoting a more optimistic vision of teacher leadership and, ultimately, organisational change. It explores the role of leadership “from above” in supporting classroom teachers to engage with and sustain change.

Design/methodology/approach
The study, which was situated in the Republic of Ireland, employed a case study approach with 20 participants in five urban disadvantaged schools.

Findings
The paper seeks to demonstrate how a professional development initiative was used to promote significant and sustained change in four of the five case study schools.

Research limitations/implications
It argues that in order to understand sustained change in schools it is necessary to better understand the complex ways in which leadership from above can generate change agency from below.

Originality/value
This paper offers a critical perspective in relation to mainstream distributed leadership theory and practice.
Human capital challenges in the hotel industry of Canada: finding innovative solutions
Authors: Willie Paul A. , Connor David , Sole Jordi , Forgacs Gabor , Grieve Robert , Mueller Jennifer 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to identify possible solutions to the current and persistent challenge of attracting and retaining qualified people to work in Canada’s hotel industry. The outlook for the industry is that a critical shortage of skilled workers will continue to exist for at least the next decade.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper draws on the perspectives of three academics and three industry practitioners in an effort to identify root causes and possible solutions. Canadian and international literature is reviewed to establish current practices and point to gaps to be filled to meet the market needs. Recommendations are categorized by industry and academic perspectives.

Findings
The Canadian hotel industry faces challenges in filling job vacancies and maintaining employees in their roles. It is important for industry and academia to work collaboratively to educate the general public on the rewards and benefits of working in the Canadian hotel industry.

Practical implications
Many concrete strategies are suggested that individual hotel operations and the industry as a whole can implement to improve their human resource management and to entice potential employees to join the sector.

Originality/value
This paper adds value and contributes to the Canadian hotel industry and academia, as it represents current research and thought processes from both the academic community and the Canadian hotel industry.
Reflections on the theme issue outcomes: the hospitality and tourism industry in Canada
Authors: Jayawardena Chandana (Chandi) , Teare Richard 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to profile the Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes (WHATT) theme issue “The hospitality and tourism industry in Canada: what are the main challenges and solutions?” with reference to the experiences of the lead theme editor and the writing team.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper uses structured questions to enable the theme editor to reflect on the rationale for the theme issue question, the starting-point, the selection of the writing team and material and the editorial process.

Findings
It has been observed that involving authors of different academic and professional backgrounds in all aspects of hospitality and tourism is daunting but valuable. The outcomes of a broad-ranging collaboration yield fresh insights, a deeper understanding of the issues and an array of possible responses to the theme issue question.

Practical implications
The theme issue outcomes provide lines of enquiry for others to explore and reinforce the value of WHATT’s approach to collaborative working and writing.

Originality/value
The collaborative work reported in this theme issue offers a unified but contrarian response to the theme’s strategic question. Taken together, the collection of articles constitutes a provocative yet authoritative call to action in response to the problems highlighted.
A Ballistics Examination of Firearm Injuries Involving Breast Implants
Authors: Pannucci Christopher J. , Cyr Adam J. , Moores Neal G. , Young Jason B. , Szegedi Martin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis ballistics study examines whether saline breast implants can decrease tissue penetration in firearm injuries. We hypothesize that the fluid column within a saline breast implant can alter bullet velocity and/or bullet pattern of mushrooming. The two experimental groups included saline implants with 7.4 cm projection and a no implant group. The experimental design allowed the bullet to pass‐through an implant and into ballistics gel (n = 10) or into ballistics gel without passage through an implant (n = 11). Shots that passed through an implant had 20.6% decreased penetration distance when compared to shots that did not pass‐through an implant; this difference was statistically significant (31.9 cm vs. 40.2 cm, p < 0.001). Implant group bullets mushroomed prior to gel entry, but the no implant group mushroomed within the gel. Bullet passage through a saline breast implant results in direct bullet velocity reduction and earlier bullet mushrooming; this causes significantly decreased ballistics gel penetration.
Increased expression of resistin in ectopic endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis
Authors: Oh Yoon Kyung , Ha Young Ran , Yi Kyong Wook , Park Hyun Tae , Shin Jung‐Ho , Kim Tak , Hur Jun‐Young 
Published: July 2017

ProblemInflammation is a key process in the establishment and progression of endometriosis. Resistin, an adipocytokine, has biological properties linked to immunologic functions, but its role in endometriosis is unclear.Method of studyResistin gene expression was examined in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues from women with (n=25) or without (n=25) endometriosis. Resistin mRNA and protein levels were determined in endometrial tissue using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription PCR and Western blotting, following adipokine profiling arrays.ResultsResistin protein was detected in human endometrial tissues using an adipokine array test. Resistin mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in ectopic endometrial tissue of patients with endometriosis than in normal eutopic endometrial tissue.ConclusionOur results indicate that resistin is differentially expressed in endometrial tissues from women with endometriosis and imply a role for resistin in endometriosis‐associated pelvic inflammation.
Growth impairment and gonadal axis abnormalities are common in survivors of paediatric brain tumours
Authors: Pietilä Sari , Mäkipernaa Anne , Koivisto Anna‐Maija , Lenko Hanna L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimChildhood brain tumour survivors have a high risk of endocrine morbidity. This study evaluated the growth, pubertal development and gonadal function in survivors of childhood brain tumours and identified factors associated with the problems we observed.MethodsThe 52 subjects (52% male) were diagnosed in 1983–1997 and treated for brain tumours at Tampere University Hospital, Finland. They were followed up at a mean age of 14.2 (3.8–28.7) years, a mean of 7.5 (1.5–15.1) years after diagnosis.ResultsWe found that 30 (58%) participants had a lower height standard deviation score at follow‐up than at diagnosis and short stature at follow‐up was associated with tumour malignancy (p = 0.005), radiotherapy (p = 0.004), chemotherapy (p = 0.024), growth hormone deficiency (p < 0.001), hypogonadism (p = 0.044) and delayed puberty (p = 0.021). We found that five needed sex hormones to induce puberty, one had precocious puberty, 12 (23%) had growth hormone deficiency and eight (22%) of the 36 pubertal or postpubertal patients had hypogonadism. Testicular volume was low in 83% of late or postpubertal male survivors.ConclusionGrowth impairment, growth hormone deficiency and hypogonadism were common in childhood brain tumour survivors and low testicular volume was also common in male survivors. Lifelong annual follow‐up checks are indicated for survivors.
Prevention and recognition of abusive head trauma: training for healthcare professionals in Vietnam
Authors: Fraser Jennifer A. , Flemington Tara , Doan Thi Ngoc Diep , Hoang Minh Tu Van , Doan Thi Le Binh , Ha Manh Tuan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimThis study presents results from an intervention designed to improve identification and response to abusive head trauma in a tertiary paediatric hospital in Vietnam.MethodsOne hundred and sixteen healthcare professionals (paediatric medical and nursing staff) completed a clinical training programme and participated in its evaluation. A pre–post‐test and follow‐up design was used to evaluate the outcomes. Questionnaires were used to collect data prior to training, at six weeks and at six months. Generalised linear modelling was used to examine changes in diagnostic skills and knowledge of the consequences of shaken baby syndrome (SBS) (a form of abusive head trauma), its prevention and treatment.ResultsAt baseline, awareness and knowledge reflected no former abusive head trauma training. Following the intervention, participants had an increased awareness of shaken baby syndrome and the potential consequences of shaking infants and had acquired techniques to inform parents how to manage the crying infant.ConclusionThe intervention was effective in raising awareness of shaken baby syndrome and its consequences amongst the participating healthcare professionals in Vietnam. Training can improve detection and prevention of abusive head trauma, and the intervention has the potential to be adapted for similar settings internationally.
Mycotic aneurysm of the root of left subclavian artery associated with aortic coarctation discovered by echocardiography
Authors: Deng Ming‐dan , Wei Xin , Zhang Wen , Tang Hong 
Published: July 2017

A 16‐year‐old girl was admitted with a 7‐month history of recurrent fever, weight loss of 5 kg, and general poor health status. Blood culture was positive with Streptococcus viridans. Transthoracic echocardiography established an aneurysm of the root of left subclavian artery, associated with an aortic coarctation just before the origin of the left subclavian artery with a velocity of 4.8 cm/s. Three‐dimensional echocardiography demonstrated the entire inner structure of the aneurysm. Computed tomography reconstruction confirmed the presence of aortic coarctation and mycotic aneurysm, it also revealed an aberrant right subclavian artery.
Spiny keratoderma: case series and review
Authors: Chee Shien‐Ning , Ge Ludi , Agar Nita , Lowe Patricia 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundSpiny keratoderma is a rare, possibly under‐reported, condition characterized by discrete keratotic plugs arising from the palms, soles, or both. It has been associated with malignancies though there is debate as to whether spiny keratoderma is a true paraneoplastic phenomenon. It has also been linked to a variety of non‐neoplastic conditions, and several cases appear to be familial.MethodsWe describe two additional cases of this rare entity and review the literature.ResultsThirty‐seven cases of spiny keratoderma, including ours, have been reported in the literature. Average age at presentation was 63 years. Earliest age of onset was 11 months. A variety of ethnicities were represented. Ten cases were associated with malignancies. Six cases appeared to be inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion. Several cases were reported in healthy individuals as an incidental finding though it is possible that an associated malignancy or systemic disease will declare itself with time.Treatment is generally unsatisfying with keratotic spines often recurring on cessation. Interestingly, in some patients, the spines resolve after treatment of an underlying malignancy.ConclusionsThis small case series provides an opportunity to revisit the fascinating phenomena of spiny keratoderma, its possible associations, and implications for follow‐up. Due to the association with cancer, all patients presenting with spiny keratoderma should undergo baseline age‐appropriate malignancy screening, thence 1‐2 times yearly, or as symptoms arise.
Learned Labels Shape Pre‐speech Infants’ Object Representations
Authors: Twomey Katherine E. , Westermann Gert 
Published: July 2017

Infants rapidly learn both linguistic and nonlinguistic representations of their environment and begin to link these from around 6 months. While there is an increasing body of evidence for the effect of labels heard in‐task on infants’ online processing, whether infants’ learned linguistic representations shape learned nonlinguistic representations is unclear. In this study 10‐month‐old infants were trained over the course of a week with two 3D objects, one labeled, and one unlabeled. Infants then took part in a looking time task in which 2D images of the objects were presented individually in a silent familiarization phase, followed by a preferential looking trial. During the critical familiarization phase, infants looked for longer at the previously labeled stimulus than the unlabeled stimulus, suggesting that learning a label for an object had shaped infants’ representations as indexed by looking times. We interpret these results in terms of label activation and novelty response accounts and discuss implications for our understanding of early representational development.
Geographical patterns of body mass distribution are robust even when inserting uncertainty in average estimates of species body mass
Authors: Maestri Renan , Luza André Luís , de Barros Lurdiana Dayse , Hartz Sandra Maria , Ferrari Augusto , de Freitas Thales Renato Ochotorena , Duarte Leandro D. S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPardiñas, Valenzuela, and Salazar‐Bravo (2017) are concerned that eventual differences in species mean body masses and in the phylogenetic hypothesis used in Maestri et al. (2016)—compared with those available on other potential sources—could affect the results of our original article. Here, we used a new phylogenetic hypothesis to conduct the same analyses of the original article, and we randomly sampled 1000 values of body mass within approximately 35% upper and lower intervals around the mean body mass for each species included in our database. We show that our previous results and conclusions are robust and valid, and they persist despite uncertainty in mean body mass estimation. We argue that sampling variation and uncertainty in both species mean body mass estimation and phylogenetic hypothesis are to be expected and should not always be confused with inaccuracies.
Could phase 3 medicine trials be tagged as pragmatic? A case study: The Salford COPD trial
Authors: Dal‐Ré Rafael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRandomized clinical trials (RCTs) can be classified as explanatory or pragmatic. Currently, explanatory and pragmatic are considered to be the extremes of a continuum: Many trials have some features of both explanatory and pragmatic RCTs. The Salford Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease (COPD) trial was an open‐label phase 3 RCT assessing an experimental product (fluticasone furoate–vilanterol) vs usual care. The Salford investigators labelled it as “the world's first phase 3 pragmatic RCT” in COPD patients. The evaluation of the Salford trial by means of the PRECIS‐2 tool, yielded a mix of both extremes (explanatory and pragmatic) with several of the 9 domains close to the explanatory extreme and few to the pragmatic one. A number of the features could not be considered as being minimal changes over usual clinical practice. Hence, it would be difficult to accept that the Salford COPD trial was a pragmatic RCT. In addition, all trial participants could have been subject to the Hawthorne effect. The scientific community needs to be rigorous enough when using certain terms related to RCT. It is clear that the Salford COPD trial had particular features—sharing some of explanatory phase 3 RCTs and some of pragmatic RCTs. This, however, is not enough to tag it as a “pragmatic” RCT providing “real‐world” data. These words should not be used when referring to prelicensed RCT, unless they really describe how was the trial conducted and the type of data gathered—something that with the current clinical trial regulations will only occur in very rare circumstances.
Predictors of Independent Aging and Survival: A 16‐Year Follow‐Up Report in Octogenarian Men
Authors: Franzon Kristin , Byberg Liisa , Sjögren Per , Zethelius Björn , Cederholm Tommy , Kilander Lena 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesTo examine the longitudinal associations between aging with preserved functionality, i.e. independent aging and survival, and lifestyle variables, dietary pattern and cardiovascular risk factors.DesignCohort study.SettingUppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men, Sweden.ParticipantsSwedish men (n = 1,104) at a mean age of 71 (range 69.4–74.1) were investigated, 369 of whom were evaluated for independent aging 16 years later, at a mean age of 87 (range 84.8–88.9).MeasurementsA questionnaire was used to obtain information on lifestyle, including education, living conditions, and physical activity. Adherence to a Mediterranean‐like diet was assessed according to a modified Mediterranean Diet Score derived from 7‐day food records. Cardiovascular risk factors were measured. Independent aging at a mean age of 87 was defined as lack of diagnosed dementia, a Mini‐Mental State Examination score of 25 or greater, not institutionalized, independence in personal activities of daily living, and ability to walk outdoors alone. Complete survival data at age 85 were obtained from the Swedish Cause of Death Register.ResultsFifty‐seven percent of the men survived to age 85, and 75% of the participants at a mean age of 87 displayed independent aging. Independent aging was associated with never smoking (vs current) (odds ratio (OR) = 2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–4.60) and high (vs low) adherence to a Mediterranean‐like diet (OR = 2.69, 95% CI = 1.14–6.80). Normal weight or overweight and waist circumference of 102 cm or less were also associated with independent aging. Similar associations were observed with survival.ConclusionLifestyle factors such as never smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, and not being obese at age 71 were associated with survival and independent aging at age 85 and older in men.