bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Domestic abuse and older people: factors influencing help-seeking
Authors: Wydall Sarah , Zerk Rebecca 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore professionals’ perceptions of the barriers to help-seeking for victim-survivors of domestic abuse aged 60 years and over. Help-seeking as defined by Anderson and Saunders (2003) is not a single act or decision, but a complex and continuous process, victims engage in when seeking support.Design/methodology/approachA total of 50 qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with statutory practitioners and managers from 21 out of 22 local authorities in Wales. The research team worked collaboratively to produce a coding scheme which was subjected to a systematic coding exercise using the software package NVivo.FindingsProfessionals believed that older people’s “interconnectedness” with family, social embeddedness in the community and “meanings of the home” influenced help-seeking. The research suggests that for older victim-survivors of domestic abuse, age discrimination by practitioners, compounds older people’s experiences of help-seeking, restricting the range, quality and type of support provided. The paper demonstrates that a significant shift is required in practice to ensure that older people are in a position to make informed choices and their wishes are central in the decision-making process.Research limitations/implicationsFurther qualitative research is needed to explore what older people themselves believe are the factors that impact on statutory service engagement.Originality/valueThis study is the first in the UK to conduct Pan-Wales research on professionals’ views on help-seeking behaviours of older people. One of the key findings from the study is that professionals from the statutory sector feel that connections to the home and social networks strongly influence help-seeking for older victim-survivors of domestic abuse.
10,000 Voices: service users’ experiences of adult safeguarding
Authors: Montgomery Lorna , Hanlon Deborah , Armstrong Christine 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe a small scale pilot study undertaken in Northern Ireland to gather service user feedback from individuals who have been subject to adult safeguarding procedures.

Design/methodology/approach
The aims, methods and findings of the “Adult Safeguarding: 10,000 Voices” pilot project are presented.

Findings
The pilot project highlighted how an initiative which captures the experiences of patients, service users, carers and staff in the health and social care sector (10,000 Voices) could be successfully adapted for use in adult safeguarding, facilitating the collation of complex experiences and enabling insights to be gleaned and shared.

Research limitations/implications
The pilot study is limited by the small number of participants. The findings are preliminary.

Practical implications
For the first time in Northern Ireland the 10,000 Voices model was utilised in the context of a non-health related service, namely, adult safeguarding.

Social implications
This outline of the model and methodology for obtaining service user feedback can inform user involvement in other contexts.

Originality/value
This paper provides an accessible overview of an innovative approach to engaging service users in adult safeguarding, such approaches, to date have been limited.
Job demands, job control, psychological climate, and job satisfaction
Authors: Karanika-Murray Maria , Michaelides George , Wood Stephen J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeResearch into job design and employee outcomes has tended to examine job design in isolation of the wider organizational context, leading to calls to attend to the context in which work is embedded. The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of the interaction between job design and psychological climate on job satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachCognitive dissonance theory was used to explore the nature of this relationship and its effect on job satisfaction. The authors hypothesized that psychological climate (autonomy, competence, relatedness dimensions) augments favorable perceptions of job demands and control when there is consistency between them (augmentation effect) and compensates for unfavorable perceptions when they are inconsistent (compensation effect).FindingsAnalysis of data from 3,587 individuals partially supported the hypotheses. Compensation effects were observed for job demands under a high autonomy and competence climate and for job control under a low competence climate. Augmentation effects were observed for job demands under a high relatedness climate.Practical implicationsWhen designing jobs managers should take into account the effects of psychological climate on employee outcomes.Originality/valueThis study has offered a way to bridge the job design and psychological climate fields and demonstrated that the call for more attention to the context in which jobs are embedded is worth heeding.
Long‐term population dynamics: Theory and reality in a peatland ecosystem
Authors: Connor Simon E. , Colombaroli Daniele , Confortini Federico , Gobet Erika , Ilyashuk Boris P. , Ilyashuk Elena A. , van Leeuwen Jacqueline F. N. , Lamentowicz Mariusz , van der Knaap Willem O. , Malysheva Elena , Marchetto Aldo , Margalitadze Nino , Mazei Yuri , Mitchell Edward A. D. , Payne Richard J. , Ammann Brigitta 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Population dynamics is a field rich in theory and poor in long‐term observational data. Finding sources of long‐term data is critical as ecosystems around the globe continue to change in ways that current theories and models have failed to predict. Here we show how long‐term ecological data can improve our understanding about palaeo‐population change in response to external environmental factors, antecedent conditions and community diversity.

We examined a radiometrically dated sediment core from the Didachara Mire in the mountains of south‐western Georgia (Caucasus) and analysed multiple biological proxies (pollen, fern spores, non‐pollen palynomorphs, charcoal, diatoms, chrysophyte cysts, midges, mites and testate amoebae). Numerical techniques, including multivariate ordination, rarefaction, independent splitting and trait analysis, were used to assess the major drivers of changes in community diversity and population stability. Integrated multi‐proxy analyses are very rare in the Caucasus, making this a unique record of long‐term ecological change in a global biodiversity hotspot.

Synthesis. Population changes in the terrestrial community coincided primarily with external environmental changes, while populations within the peatland community were affected by both internal and external drivers at different times. In general, our observations accord with theoretical predictions that population increases lead to greater stability and declines lead to instability. Random variation and interspecific competition explain population dynamics that diverged from predictions. Population change and diversity trends were positively correlated in all taxonomic groups, suggesting that population‐level instability is greater in more diverse communities, even though diverse communities are themselves more stable. There is a continuing need to confront population theory with long‐term data to test the predictive success of theoretical frameworks, thereby improving their ability to predict future change.
C1q/TNF‐related protein 9 improves the anti‐contractile effects of perivascular adipose tissue via the AMPK‐eNOS pathway in diet‐induced obese mice
Authors: Han Fang , Zhang Yang , Shao Mingxia , Mu Qingjie , Jiao Xiaotong , Hou Ningning , Sun Xiaodong 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe anti‐contractile property of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) is abolished through an endothelium‐dependent pathway in obesity. C1q/tumor necrosis factor‐related protein (CTRP)9 improved endothelial function by promoting endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation. The aims of this study were to investigate whether CTRP9 improves the anti‐contractile effect of PVAT and protects against PVAT dysfunction in obese mice. The mice were treated with a high‐fat diet with or without CTRP9 treatment. Thoracic aortas with or without PVAT (PVAT+ or PVAT−) were prepared, and concentration‐dependent responses to phenylephrine were measured. Obese mice showed a significantly increased contractile response, which was suppressed by CTRP9 treatment both with and without PVAT. PVAT significantly reduced the anti‐contractile effect in obese mice, which was partially restored by CTRP9 treatment. Treatment of the aortic rings (PVAT+) with inhibitors of AMP protein kinase (AMPK), Akt and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) attenuated the beneficial effect of CTRP9 on PVAT. Similar results were observed when we pretreated the aortic rings with CTRP9 ex vivo. CTRP9 significantly enhanced the phosphorylation levels of AMPK, Akt and eNOS, and reduced superoxide production and TNF‐α levels in PVAT from obese mice. Our study suggests that CTRP9 enhanced the anti‐contractile effect of PVAT and improved PVAT function by activating the AMPK‐eNOS pathway in obese mice.
Systemic justice and burnout: A multilevel model
Authors: Haines Victor Y. , Patient David L. , Marchand Alain 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWith the aim of extending organisational justice research to embrace significant and enduring aspects of the workplace context, this study examines organisational culture and human resource management (HRM) as constitutive dimensions of systemic justice and relates them to employee health. Bridging organisational justice, HRM, organisational culture, and occupational health research, we advance and test a multilevel model relating systemic justice to burnout. Data collected from 60 organisations; 89 employee groups; and 1,976 employees provide support for the hypothesised relationships between justice‐oriented culture, in terms of organisational values and group culture, and justice‐oriented HRM. In turn, justice‐oriented HRM related directly to employee burnout and indirectly through employee perceived job control and supervisor social support.
The location of projection neurons to the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon of the pigeon
Authors: Park J. H. , Ahn J. H. , Choi S. Y. , Cho J. H. , Lee T.‐K. , Kim I. H. , Lee J.‐C. , Choi J. H. , Hwang I. K. , Lee Y. J. , Lee E. , Park S. , Lim J. , Seo K. , Won M.‐H. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryFew studies regarding the anatomical distribution of motor neurons innervating muscles of the arm have been demonstrated in avian brains. The purpose of this study was to finely determine the localization of cerebral neurons innervating the biceps brachii muscle in the pigeon. The cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) was employed as a retrograde tracer to determine the location of neurons controlling the biceps brachii muscle in the telencephalon following intramuscular injection in male pigeons (n = 7), which were killed 14 days after intramuscular injection with CTB. We found that CTB‐labelled neurons were located contralaterally in the hyperpallium apicale of the rostral telencephalon and that most of the CTB‐labelled neurons were pyramidal in shape. This study shows that CTB is easily taken up by nerve terminals which innervate the biceps brachii muscle of the pigeon and that cerebral motor neurons controlling the biceps brachii muscle are located in the hyperpallium apicale.
Effect of obesity on neonatal hypoglycaemia in mothers with gestational diabetes: A comparative study
Authors: Collins Katherine , Oehmen Raoul , Mehta Shailender 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundRates of pre‐gestational obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are increasing in Australia. While both are established risk factors for neonatal hypoglycaemia, the additive effect of both risks on neonatal hypoglycaemia is not well understood.AimsTo determine the influence of obesity on neonatal hypoglycaemia among infants born to GDM mothers. The authors hypothesise the presence of a greater frequency and severity of neonatal hypoglycaemia in infants born to obese GDM women.Materials and methodsA cohort of 471 singleton GDM pregnancies was retrospectively studied. Women were divided into obese (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 kg/m2) and not‐obese (BMI < 30 kg/m2) groups according to self‐reported pre‐pregnancy weight. Perinatal outcomes and details of hypoglycaemic episodes were obtained by reviewing medical records.ResultsTwenty‐five percent (104/410) of the GDM mothers were obese, while 36% (146/410) exceeded pregnancy weight gain recommendations. GDM and obesity resulted in a greater frequency of neonatal hypoglycaemia as compared to women with GDM alone (obese 44%, not obese 34%, P = 0.046). Obesity increased the likelihood of having multiple hypoglycaemic episodes (P = 0.022). Excess weight gain increased the likelihood of the neonate requiring intravenous dextrose (P = 0.0012). No differences were found in the likelihood of nursery admissions or lowest plasma glucose levels.ConclusionsPre‐pregnancy obesity and weight gain during pregnancy above the recommended limits increased the likelihood of neonatal hypoglycaemia among infants of GDM mothers. Further studies with larger cohorts are warranted to confirm our findings.
Investigation and management of gastro‐oesophageal reflux in United Kingdom neonatal intensive care units
Authors: Rossor Thomas , Andradi Gwendolyn , Bhat Ravindra , Greenough Anne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAimIn 2004, wide variation in the investigation and management of gastro‐oesophageal reflux (GOR) of infants on UK major neonatal units was demonstrated. Our aim was to resurvey neonatal practitioners to determine current practice and whether it was now evidence based.MethodsA questionnaire was sent to all 207 UK neonatal units.ResultsResponses were obtained from 84% of units. The most frequent ‘investigation’ was a trial of therapy (83% of units); pH studies were used in 38%, upper GI contrast studies in 19% and multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII)/pH studies in 5%. Only six units suggested a threshold for an abnormal pH study and two units for an abnormal MII study. Infants were commenced on antireflux medication without investigation always in 32% of units, often in 29%, occasionally in 19% and only never in 1%. Gaviscon was used as first line treatment in 60% of units, and other medications included ranitidine in 53%, thickening agents in 27%, proton pump inhibitors in 23%, domperidone in 22% and erythromycin in 6%.ConclusionThere remains a wide variation in diagnostic and treatment strategies for infants with suspected GOR on neonatal intensive care units, emphasising the need for randomised trials to determine appropriate GOR management.
Primary, congenital neuroaxonal dystrophy with peripheral nerve demyelination in Merino–Border Leicester × Polled Dorset lambs
Authors: Hawes MC , Finnie JW , Jerrett IV , Badman R , Scott M 
Published: September 2017

Case reportClinicopathological features of neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) in newborn, Merino–Border Leicester × Polled Dorset lambs are described. The affected lambs were unable to walk at birth and microscopic examination of brainstem and spinal cord sections revealed bilaterally symmetrical accumulations of axonal swellings (spheroids), the histological hallmark of primary NAD. The neurological deficit was also exacerbated by myelin loss and secondary axonal degeneration, particularly in the spinal cord and sciatic nerves, but also, to a more limited extent, in brainstem and spinal nerves.ConclusionsAlthough lambs previously diagnosed with NAD have ranged in age from 2 days to 7 months, this is believed to be the first report of congenital NAD in this species. Moreover, the present cases are the only ones in which peripheral nerve demyelination has been found.
Sample Size Determination for Multilevel Hierarchical Designs Using Generalized Linear Mixed Models
Authors: Amatya Anup , Bhaumik Dulal K. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryA unified statistical methodology of sample size determination is developed for hierarchical designs that are frequently used in many areas, particularly in medical and health research studies. The solid foundation of the proposed methodology opens a new horizon for power analysis in presence of various conditions. Important features such as joint significance testing, unequal allocations of clusters across intervention groups, and differential attrition rates over follow up time points are integrated to address some useful questions that investigators often encounter while conducting such studies. Proposed methodology is shown to perform well in terms of maintaining type I error rates and achieving the target power under various conditions. Proposed method is also shown to be robust with respect to violation of distributional assumptions of random-effects.
Tetrandrine antagonizes acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia growth by forcing autophagy‐mediated differentiation
Authors: Liu Ting , Zhang Zhenxing , Yu Chunjie , Zeng Chang , Xu Xiaoqing , Wu Guixian , Huang Zan , Li Wenhua 
Published: September 2017

Background and PurposeThe poor prognosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia (AMKL) means there is a need to develop novel therapeutic methods to treat this condition. It was recently shown that inducing megakaryoblasts to undergo terminal differentiation is effective as a treatment for AMKL. This encouraged us to identify a compound that induces megakaryocyte differentiation, which could then act as a potent anti‐leukaemia agent.Experimental ApproachThe effects of tetrandrine on the expression of CD41 and cell morphology were investigated in AMKL cells. We used CRISPR/Cas9 knockout system to knock out ATG7 and verify the role of autophagy in tetrandrine‐induced megakaryocyte differentiation. shNotch1 and CA‐Akt were transfected into K562 cells to examine the downstream pathways of ROS signalling and the mechanistic basis of the tetrandrine‐induced megakaryocyte differentiation. The anti‐leukaemia effects of tetrandrine were analysed both in vitro and in vivo.Key ResultsA low dose of tetrandrine induced cell cycle arrest and megakaryocyte differentiation in AMKL cells via activation of autophagy. Molecularly, we demonstrated that this effect is mediated by activation of Notch1 and Akt and subsequent accumulation of ROS. In contrast, in normal mouse fetal liver cells, although tetrandrine induced autophagy, it did not affect cell proliferation or promote megakaryocyte differentiation, suggesting a specific effect of tetrandrine in malignant megakaryoblasts. Finally, tetrandrine also showed in vivo efficacy in an AMKL xenograft mouse model.Conclusions and ImplicationsModulating autophagy‐mediated differentiation may be a novel strategy for treating AMKL, and tetrandrine has the potential to be developed as a differentiation‐inducing agent for AMKL chemotherapy.
Pharmacophore‐based virtual screening, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and biological evaluation for the discovery of novel BRD4 inhibitors
Authors: Yan Guoyi , Hou Manzhou , Luo Jiang , Pu Chunlan , Hou Xueyan , Lan Suke , Li Rui 
Published: September 2017

Bromodomain is a recognition module in the signal transduction of acetylated histone. BRD4, one of the bromodomain members, is emerging as an attractive therapeutic target for several types of cancer. Therefore, in this study, an attempt has been made to screen compounds from an integrated database containing 5.5 million compounds for BRD4 inhibitors using pharmacophore‐based virtual screening, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. As a result, two molecules of twelve hits were found to be active in bioactivity tests. Among the molecules, compound 5 exhibited potent anticancer activity, and the IC50 values against human cancer cell lines MV4‐11, A375, and HeLa were 4.2, 7.1, and 11.6 μm, respectively. After that, colony formation assay, cell cycle, apoptosis analysis, wound‐healing migration assay, and Western blotting were carried out to learn the bioactivity of compound 5.
Fine Motor Control Underlies the Association Between Response Inhibition and Drawing Skill in Early Development
Authors: Simpson Andrew , Al Ruwaili Reshaa , Jolley Richard , Leonard Hayley , Geeraert Nicolas , Riggs Kevin J. 
Published: September 2017

Previous research shows that the development of response inhibition and drawing skill are linked. The current research investigated whether this association reflects a more fundamental link between response inhibition and motor control. In Experiment 1, 3‐ and 4‐year‐olds (n = 100) were tested on measures of inhibition, fine motor control, and drawing skill. Data revealed an association between inhibition and fine motor control, which was responsible for most of the association observed with drawing skill. Experiment 2 (n = 100) provided evidence that, unlike fine motor control, gross motor control and inhibition were not associated (after controlling for IQ). Alternative explanations for the link between inhibition and fine motor control are outlined, including a consideration of how these cognitive processes may interact during development.
Leading protective factors for children living out of home: A literature review
Authors: Zabern Anne , Bouteyre Evelyne 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe aim of the present review is to identify the protective factors that have been highlighted in the literature as key factors for the resilience of children in care.MethodA systematic review of publications has been conducted in 7 scientific databases, using 8 keyword combinations. After all of the factors described in the studies have been identified, the frequency with which each one occurred has been calculated.ResultsA large number of individual and environmental protective factors have been found. Seven main factors have been highlighted (positive self‐esteem; regular contact maintained with biological parents; participation in after‐school activities; investment in schooling; access to social support; warm, stable, and predictable environment; and less exposure to child abuse and trauma).ConclusionAlthough evidence of overriding protective factors has been found, there is clearly still a lack of research on this issue. The studies surveyed had many limitations, and more are therefore needed to confirm findings and answer the questions raised by this review.
Expanding the clinical and molecular spectrum of PRMT7 mutations: 3 additional patients and review
Authors: Agolini E. , Dentici M.L. , Bellacchio E. , Alesi V. , Radio F.C. , Torella A. , Musacchia F. , Tartaglia M. , Dallapiccola B. , Nigro V. , Digilio M.C. , Novelli A. 
Published: September 2017

Protein arginine methyltransferase 7 (PRMT7) is a member of a family of enzymes that catalyze the transfer of methyl groups from S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine to nitrogen atoms on arginine residues. Arginine methylation is involved in multiple biological processes, such as signal transduction, mRNA splicing, transcriptional control, DNA repair, and protein translocation. Currently, 7 patients have been described harboring compound heterozygous or homozygous variants in the PRMT7 gene, causing a novel intellectual disability syndrome, known as SBIDDS syndrome (Short Stature, Brachydactyly, Intellectual Developmental Disability, and Seizures).We report on 3 additional patients from 2 consanguineous families with severe/moderate intellectual disability, short stature, brachydactyly and dysmorphisms. Exome sequencing revealed 2 novel homozygous mutations in PRMT7. Our findings expand the clinical and molecular spectrum of homozygous PRMT7 mutations, associated to the SBIDDS syndrome, showing a possible correlation between the type of mutation and the severity of the phenotype.