bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Label‐Free Direct Electrical Detection of a Histidine‐Rich Protein with Sub‐Femtomolar Sensitivity using an Organic Field‐Effect Transistor
Authors: Minamiki Tsukuru , Sasaki Yui , Tokito Shizuo , Minami Tsuyoshi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThere is a growing interest in achieving sensor systems to enable on‐site testing of biomarkers. Herein, a new strategy for highly sensitive protein detection at sub‐femtomolar levels without any labelling has been demonstrated by using an organic field‐effect transistor (OFET). An artificial histidine‐rich protein receptor (NiII‐nitrilotriacetic acid complex, NiII‐nta) functionalizes a detection portion (i.e. an extended‐gate electrode) of the fabricated OFET device. The OFET responds electrically and selectively to a target analyte (bovine serum albumin), meaning that the binding processes at the NiII‐nta on the extended‐gate electrode for the analyte affect the field‐effect properties of the device. Our results demonstrate that the combination of the OFET with the artificial receptor is an ideal approach for label‐free and immune‐free protein detection.
Structure of the Lipopolysaccharide from the Bradyrhizobium sp. ORS285 rfaL Mutant Strain
Authors: Di Lorenzo Flaviana , Palmigiano Angelo , Duda Katarzyna A. , Pallach Mateusz , Busset Nicolas , Sturiale Luisa , Giraud Eric , Garozzo Domenico , Molinaro Antonio , Silipo Alba 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe importance of the outer membrane and of its main constituent, lipopolysaccharide, in the symbiosis between rhizobia and leguminous host plants has been well studied. Here, the first complete structural characterization of the entire lipopolysaccharide from an O‐chain‐deficient Bradyrhizobium ORS285 rfaL mutant is achieved by a combination of chemical analysis, NMR spectroscopy, MALDI MS and MS/MS. The lipid A structure is shown to be consistent with previously reported Bradyrhizobium lipid A, that is, a heterogeneous blend of penta‐ to hepta‐acylated species carrying a nonstoichiometric hopanoid unit and possessing very‐long‐chain fatty acids ranging from 26:0(25‐OH) to 32:0(31‐OH). The structure of the core oligosaccharide region, fully characterized for the first time here, is revealed to be a nonphosphorylated linear chain with methylated sugar residues, with a heptose residue exclusively present in the outer core region, and with the presence of two singly substituted 3‐deoxy‐d‐manno‐oct‐2‐ulosonic acid (Kdo) residues, one of which is located in the outer core region. The lipid A moiety is linked to the core moiety through an uncommon 4‐substituted Kdo unit.
Recombination via transition metals in solar silicon: The significance of hydrogen–metal reactions and lattice sites of metal atoms
Authors: Mullins J. , Leonard S. , Markevich V. P. , Hawkins I. D. , Santos P. , Coutinho J. , Marinopoulos A. G. , Murphy J. D. , Halsall M. P. , Peaker A. R. 
Published: June 2017

The move toward lower cost sources of solar silicon has intensified the efforts to investigate the possibilities of passivating or reducing the recombination activity caused by deep states associated with transition metals. This is particularly important for the case of the slow diffusing metals early in the periodic sequence which are not removed by conventional gettering. In this paper, we examine reactions between hydrogen and transition metals and discuss the possibility of such reactions during cell processing. We analyse the case of hydrogenation of iron in p‐type Si and show that FeH can form under non‐equilibrium conditions. We consider the electrical activity of the slow diffusing metals Ti, V, and Mo, how this is affected in the presence of hydrogen, and the stability of TM‐H complexes formed. Finally, we discuss recent experiments which indicate that re‐siting of some transition metals from the interstitial to substitutional site is possible in the presence of excess vacancies, leading to a reduction in recombination activity.Periodic ordering of the 3d, 4d, and 5d transition metals with adjacent columns of the periodic table. The metals with hydrogen complexes which have had their electronic properties reported in the literature or in this paper are highlighted in green.
Outcome of prenatally diagnosed fetal heterotaxy: systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Buca D. I. P. , Khalil A. , Rizzo G. , Familiari A. , Di Giovanni S. , Liberati M. , Murgano D. , Ricciardulli A. , Fanfani F. , Scambia G. , D'Antonio F. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesThe main aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence and type of associated anomalies in fetuses with heterotaxy diagnosed prenatally on ultrasound; the perinatal outcome of these fetuses was also studied.MethodsAn electronic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases was performed. Only studies reporting the prenatal diagnosis of isomerism were included. Outcomes observed included associated cardiac and extracardiac anomalies, fetal arrhythmia, abnormal karyotype, type of surgical repair and perinatal mortality. The analysis was stratified according to the type of heterotaxy syndrome (left (LAI) or right (RAI) atrial isomerism). Meta‐analyses of proportions were used to combine data. Quality assessment of the included studies was performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies.ResultsSixteen studies (647 fetuses) were included in the analysis. Atrioventricular septal defect was the most common associated major cardiac anomaly found both in fetuses with LAI (pooled proportion (PP), 59.3% (95% CI, 44.0–73.7%)), with obstructive lesions of the right outflow tract occurring in 35.5% of these cases, and in fetuses with RAI (PP, 72.9% (95% CI, 60.4–83.7%)). Fetal arrhythmias occurred in 36.7% (95% CI, 26.9–47.2%) of cases with LAI and were mainly represented by complete atrioventricular block, while this finding was uncommon in cases with RAI (PP, 1.3% (95% CI, 0.2–3.2%)). Abnormal stomach and liver position were found, respectively, in 59.4% (95% CI, 38.1–79.0%) and 32.5% (95% CI, 11.9–57.6%) of cases with LAI, and in 54.5% (95% CI, 38.5–70.1%) and 45.9% (95% CI, 11.3–83.0%) of cases with RAI, while intestinal malrotation was detected in 14.2% (95% CI, 2.5–33.1%) of LAI and 27.1% (95% CI, 7.9–52.0%) of RAI cases. Hydrops developed in 11.8% (95% CI, 2.9–25.6%) of fetuses diagnosed prenatally with LAI. Biventricular repair was accomplished in 78.2% (95% CI, 64.3–89.4%) of cases with LAI, while univentricular repair or palliation was needed in 17.0% (95% CI, 9.7–25.9%); death during or after surgery occurred in 26.8% (95% CI, 4.6–58.7%) of LAI cases. Most children with RAI had univentricular repair and 27.8% (95% CI, 15.5–42.1%) died during or after surgery.ConclusionsFetal heterotaxy is associated with a high prevalence of cardiac and extracardiac anomalies. Approximately one quarter of fetuses with heterotaxy died during or after surgery. Abnormal heart rhythm, especially heart block, is common in fetuses with LAI, while this finding is uncommon in RAI. Biventricular repair was common in LAI while univentricular repair was required in the majority of children affected by RAI. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Prognostic Impact of Change in the Fibrinogen and Albumin Score During Preoperative Treatment in Esophageal Cancer Patients
Authors: Matsuda Satoru , Takeuchi Hiroya , Kawakubo Hirofumi , Fukuda Kazumasa , Nakamura Rieko , Suda Koichi , Wada Norihito , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundFor resectable advanced esophageal cancer, a transthoracic esophagectomy following preoperative treatment is recognized as one of the standard treatments. Therefore, predictive markers which can be identified before surgery need to be established to identify patients with a poor prognosis.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 102 consecutive patients who underwent curative transthoracic esophagectomy following preoperative treatment in our institution between 2004 and 2013. Based on plasma fibrinogen and serum albumin levels, the pretreatment and preoperative fibrinogen and albumin score (FA score) were investigated and the prognostic significance of the FA score change was compared with RECIST.ResultsThe patients were classified according to whether the FA score had remained unchanged or decreased (n = 77) or the FA score increased (n = 25). When the correlation between the response rate and change in the FA score was investigated, the response rate was significantly lower in the group with the increased FA score. In the survival analysis, patients in the increased FA score group exhibited a significantly worse recurrence‐free survival (RFS) (P = 0.038). A multivariate analysis using the clinical stage and the change in the FA score as covariates revealed that a change in the FA score (HR 1.802; P = 0.047; 95% CI 1.008–3.221) was shown to be a significant independent predictive factor for RFS.ConclusionsA change in the FA score was shown to be an independent prognostic factor for postoperative recurrence in esophageal cancer patients who have undergone transthoracic esophagectomy following preoperative treatment.
Single Local Infiltration Analgesia (LIA) Aids Early Pain Management after Total Knee Replacement (TKR): An Evidence-Based Review and Commentary
Authors: Rodriguez-Merchan E. Carlos 
Published: June 2017

Background There is controversy in the literature regarding the role of single local infiltration analgesia (LIA) after total knee replacement (TKR). Questions/Purposes Is single LIA really efficient in controlling pain after TKR? Methods A Cochrane Library and PubMed (MEDLINE) search related to the justification LIA after TKR was analyzed. The main criteria for selection were that the articles were focused in the aforementioned question. Results Two hundred ninety-nine articles were found until February 9, 2017, but only 27 were selected and reviewed because they were focused on clinical experience with LIA following TKR. Fifteen of them were considered level of evidence (I-II) while 12 had a lower level of evidence (III-IV). LIA reduced the amount of perioperative opioid administration and enabled adequate pain management in conjunction with oral medication without adverse effects. No clinically marked effects on the functional outcome after TKR were detected. Conclusion Single dose LIA provides effective analgesia in the initial postoperative period after TKR in most randomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.
Does the absence of human sellers bias bidding behavior in auction experiments?
Authors: Bartling Björn , Gesche Tobias , Netzer Nick 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of human subjects in the role of a seller on bidding in experimental second-price auctions. Overbidding is a robust finding in second-price auctions, and spite among bidders has been advanced as an explanation. If spite extends to the seller, then the absence of human sellers who receive the auction revenue may bias upwards the bidding behavior in existing experimental auctions. We derive the equilibrium bidding function in a model where bidders have preferences regarding both the payoffs of other bidders and the seller’s revenue. Overbidding is optimal when buyers are spiteful only towards other buyers. However, optimal bids are lower and potentially even truthful when spite extends to the seller. We experimentally test the model predictions by exogenously varying the presence of human subjects in the roles of the seller and competing bidders. We do not detect a systematic effect of the presence of a human seller on overbidding. We conclude that overbidding is not an artefact of the standard experimental implementation of second-price auctions in which human sellers are absent.
An integrated macro‐financial risk‐based approach to the stressed capital requirement
Authors: Liu Xiaochun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn order to fulfill the stressed minimum capital requirement recently implemented by the Basel III Accord, this paper proposes a risk‐based approach to integrate the change of macro‐financial environments in which financial institutions operate into the modeling of the new required capital charge. Particularly, using a variety of regime‐switching models, I characterize the stressed minimum capital requirement from high risk regimes which are associated with economic recessions and crises. The empirical results show that the proposed approach leads to capital charges 2–3 times higher than those estimated under Basel II Accord, so as to discourage excessive risk taking and hence stabilizing banks' balance sheets. Among competing models, the regime‐switching GJR − GARCH model spends the highest proportion of the out‐of‐sample time in the green zone, which results in the lowest penalties. The results are robust to subsamples.
Women Also Know Stuff: Meta-Level Mentoring to Battle Gender Bias in Political Science
Authors: Beaulieu Emily , Boydstun Amber E. , Brown Nadia E. , Dionne Kim Yi , Gillespie Andra , Klar Samara , Krupnikov Yanna , Michelson Melissa R. , Searles Kathleen , Wolbrecht Christina 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Women know stuff. Yet, all too often, they are underrepresented in political science meetings, syllabi, and editorial boards. To counter the implicit bias that leads to women’s underrepresentation, to ensure that women’s expertise is included and shared, and to improve the visibility of women in political science, in February 2016 we launched the “Women Also Know Stuff” initiative, which features a crowd-sourced website and an active Twitter feed. In this article, we share the origins of our project, the effect we are already having on media utilization of women experts, and plans for how to expand that success within the discipline of political science. We also share our personal reflections on the project.
Political Science and American Political Thought
Authors: Dyer Justin Buckley 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Written as a short personal reflection, this article explores the development of political science as an organized professional discipline in the United States. At its inception, political science in the United States was principally concerned with political thought and constitutionalism, and it was taught with the public-spirited purpose of educating for citizenship in a constitutional democracy. Twentieth-century methodological trends at one time threatened to remove political thought and constitutionalism from the curriculum of political science, but recent disciplinary trends suggest that American political thought does have a place in twenty-first-century political science.
Presidential Greatness and Political Science: Assessing the 2014 APSA Presidents and Executive Politics Section Presidential Greatness Survey
Authors: Rottinghaus Brandon , Vaughn Justin S. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Debates about presidential greatness have been with us for decades, facilitated in part by numerous systematic surveys of scholars with expertise in American history and politics. Nevertheless, the voice of political scientists in this debate has been relatively muted when compared particularly with the role that historians have had in making these determinations. This article introduces and assesses results of a recent effort to capture the attitudes of political science presidency experts about presidential greatness. By surveying the membership of the APSA Presidents and Executive Politics section, we could identify and then compare specifically the attitudes of political scientists against the growing body of ratings and rankings of a phenomenon with long-standing interest and importance.
Merging Graphics and Text to Better Convey Experimental Results: Designing an “Enhanced Bar Graph”
Authors: Berry William D. , Hauenstein Matthew 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTWe propose a format for presenting experimental results that combines a graph’s strength in facilitating general-pattern recognition with a table’s strength in displaying numerical results. The format supplements a conventional bar graph with additional text labels and graphics but also can be based on a dot plot. The resulting enhanced bar graph conveys general patterns about treatment effects; displays point estimates and confidence intervals for all key quantities of interest relevant to testing hypotheses (e.g., first differences in the mean of the dependent variable); and clarifies the interpretation of these quantities as treatment effects. Presenting information in a single figure avoids the need to devote scarce journal space to both a graph and a table. Moreover, an enhanced bar graph prevents readers from having to move back and forth between a graph and a table of numerical results—thereby reducing their cognitive load and facilitating their understanding of the findings.
1,003 reference genomes of bacterial and archaeal isolates expand coverage of the tree of life
Authors: Mukherjee Supratim , Seshadri Rekha , Varghese Neha J , Eloe-Fadrosh Emiley A , Meier-Kolthoff Jan P , Göker Markus , Coates R Cameron , Hadjithomas Michalis , Pavlopoulos Georgios A , Paez-Espino David , Yoshikuni Yasuo , Visel Axel , Whitman William B , Garrity George M , Eisen Jonathan A , Hugenholtz Philip , Pati Amrita , Ivanova Natalia N , Woyke Tanja , Klenk Hans-Peter , Kyrpides Nikos C 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
We present 1,003 reference genomes that were sequenced as part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea (GEBA) initiative, selected to maximize sequence coverage of phylogenetic space. These genomes double the number of existing type strains and expand their overall phylogenetic diversity by 25%. Comparative analyses with previously available finished and draft genomes reveal a 10.5% increase in novel protein families as a function of phylogenetic diversity. The GEBA genomes recruit 25 million previously unassigned metagenomic proteins from 4,650 samples, improving their phylogenetic and functional interpretation. We identify numerous biosynthetic clusters and experimentally validate a divergent phenazine cluster with potential new chemical structure and antimicrobial activity. This Resource is the largest single release of reference genomes to date. Bacterial and archaeal isolate sequence space is still far from saturated, and future endeavors in this direction will continue to be a valuable resource for scientific discovery.
Electrical resistance of individual defects at a topological insulator surface
Authors: Lüpke Felix , Eschbach Markus , Heider Tristan , Lanius Martin , Schüffelgen Peter , Rosenbach Daniel , von den Driesch Nils , Cherepanov Vasily , Mussler Gregor , Plucinski Lukasz , Grützmacher Detlev , Schneider Claus M. , Voigtländer Bert 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThree-dimensional topological insulators host surface states with linear dispersion, which manifest as a Dirac cone. Nanoscale transport measurements provide direct access to the transport properties of the Dirac cone in real space and allow the detailed investigation of charge carrier scattering. Here we use scanning tunnelling potentiometry to analyse the resistance of different kinds of defects at the surface of a (Bi0.53Sb0.47)2Te3 topological insulator thin film. We find the largest localized voltage drop to be located at domain boundaries in the topological insulator film, with a resistivity about four times higher than that of a step edge. Furthermore, we resolve resistivity dipoles located around nanoscale voids in the sample surface. The influence of such defects on the resistance of the topological surface state is analysed by means of a resistor network model. The effect resulting from the voids is found to be small compared with the other defects.
A solid state source of photon triplets based on quantum dot molecules
Authors: Khoshnegar Milad , Huber Tobias , Predojević Ana , Dalacu Dan , Prilmüller Maximilian , Lapointe Jean , Wu Xiaohua , Tamarat Philippe , Lounis Brahim , Poole Philip , Weihs Gregor , Majedi Hamed 
Published: June 2017

AbstractProducing advanced quantum states of light is a priority in quantum information technologies. In this context, experimental realizations of multipartite photon states would enable improved tests of the foundations of quantum mechanics as well as implementations of complex quantum optical networks and protocols. It is favourable to directly generate these states using solid state systems, for simpler handling and the promise of reversible transfer of quantum information between stationary and flying qubits. Here we use the ground states of two optically active coupled quantum dots to directly produce photon triplets. The formation of a triexciton in these ground states leads to a triple cascade recombination and sequential emission of three photons with strong correlations. We record 65.62 photon triplets per minute under continuous-wave pumping, surpassing rates of earlier reported sources. Our structure and data pave the way towards implementing multipartite photon entanglement and multi-qubit readout schemes in solid state devices.
Cryogenic strength improvement by utilizing room-temperature deformation twinning in a partially recrystallized VCrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy
Authors: Jo Y. H. , Jung S. , Choi W. M. , Sohn S. S. , Kim H. S. , Lee B. J. , Kim N. J. , Lee S. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe excellent cryogenic tensile properties of the CrMnFeCoNi alloy are generally caused by deformation twinning, which is difficult to achieve at room temperature because of insufficient stress for twinning. Here, we induced twinning at room temperature to improve the cryogenic tensile properties of the CrMnFeCoNi alloy. Considering grain size effects on the critical stress for twinning, twins were readily formed in the coarse microstructure by cold rolling without grain refinement by hot rolling. These twins were retained by partial recrystallization and played an important role in improving strength, allowing yield strengths approaching 1 GPa. The persistent elongation up to 46% as well as the tensile strength of 1.3 GPa are attributed to additional twinning in both recrystallized and non-recrystallization regions. Our results demonstrate that non-recrystallized grains, which are generally avoided in conventional alloys because of their deleterious effect on ductility, can be useful in achieving high-strength high-entropy alloys.
Autism-like behaviours and enhanced memory formation and synaptic plasticity in Lrfn2/SALM1-deficient mice
Authors: Morimura Naoko , Yasuda Hiroki , Yamaguchi Kazuhiko , Katayama Kei-ichi , Hatayama Minoru , Tomioka Naoko H. , Odagawa Maya , Kamiya Akiko , Iwayama Yoshimi , Maekawa Motoko , Nakamura Kazuhiko , Matsuzaki Hideo , Tsujii Masatsugu , Yamada Kazuyuki , Yoshikawa Takeo , Aruga Jun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLrfn2/SALM1 is a PSD-95-interacting synapse adhesion molecule, and human LRFN2 is associated with learning disabilities. However its role in higher brain function and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we show that Lrfn2 knockout mice exhibit autism-like behavioural abnormalities, including social withdrawal, decreased vocal communications, increased stereotyped activities and prepulse inhibition deficits, together with enhanced learning and memory. In the hippocampus, the levels of synaptic PSD-95 and GluA1 are decreased. The synapses are structurally and functionally immature with spindle shaped spines, smaller postsynaptic densities, reduced AMPA/NMDA ratio, and enhanced LTP. In vitro experiments reveal that synaptic surface expression of AMPAR depends on the direct interaction between Lrfn2 and PSD-95. Furthermore, we detect functionally defective LRFN2 missense mutations in autism and schizophrenia patients. Together, these findings indicate that Lrfn2/LRFN2 serve as core components of excitatory synapse maturation and maintenance, and their dysfunction causes immature/silent synapses with pathophysiological state.