bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Synergistic Effects of Plant Extracts and Silver Nanoparticles on Colistin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates
Authors: Ahmadi Ali , Faghri Jamshid , Rabiei Mitra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The pathogen of Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a significant nosocomial infection. Metal nanoparticles (NPs) and plant extracts have demonstrated antibacterial efficacy against multidrug-resistant bacteria. This study aimed to determine the synergistic antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles and Urtica and Zataria multiflora (Shirazi thyme) extracts against Colistin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from hospital patients.
Methods
A total of 95 Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were collected from selected teaching hospitals in Isfahan province. The Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method used for antibiotic susceptibility and determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of colistin was checked by microdilution broth, and the presence of the mcr-1 gene was detected by PCR method. In addition, the effect of synergism of Zataria multiflora (Shirazi thyme) and Urtica extracts with silver nanoparticles was investigated by checkerboard procedure.
Results
The screening for antibiotic resistance showed 99% resistance to Levofloxacin and 6% resistance to colistin antibiotic. One isolate is positive for the mcr-1 gene. Furthermore, combining Zataria multiflora (Shirazi thyme) and the silver nanoparticle is efficient against Colistin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Conclusion
For the first time, the synergistic effect of Zataria multiflora (Shirazi thyme) and Urtica extracts and silver nanoparticle extracts against Colistin-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa was examined in our research. So plant extracts and silver nanoparticles might assist with managing multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria and be a possible source of medicinal application due to their potential antibacterial effect.
Endemism shapes viral ecology and evolution in globally distributed hydrothermal vent ecosystems
Authors: Anantharaman Karthik , Langwig Marguerite , Koester Faith , Martin Cody , Zhou Zhichao , Joye Samantha , Reysenbach Anna-Louise 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Viruses are ubiquitous in deep-sea hydrothermal environments, where they exert a major influence on microbial communities and biogeochemistry. Yet, viral ecology and evolution remain understudied in these environments. Here, we identified 49,962 viruses from 52 globally distributed hydrothermal vent samples (10 plumes, 40 deposits, and 2 diffuse flow), and reconstructed 5,708 viral metagenome-assembled genomes (vMAGs), the majority of which were bacteriophages. Hydrothermal viruses were largely endemic. However, some viruses were shared between geographically separated vents, predominantly between the Lau Basin and Brothers Volcano in the Pacific Ocean. Geographically distant viruses often shared proteins related to core functions such as structural proteins, and rarely, proteins of auxiliary functions. Common microbial hosts of viruses included members of Campylobacterota, Alpha-, and Gammaproteobacteria in deposits, and Gammaproteobacteria in plumes. Campylobacterota- and Gammaproteobacteria-infecting viruses reflected variations in hydrothermal chemistry and functional redundancy in their predicted microbial hosts, suggesting that hydrothermal geology is a driver of viral ecology and coevolution of viruses and hosts. Our study indicates that viral ecology and evolution in globally distributed hydrothermal vents is shaped by endemism, and thus may have increased susceptibility to the negative impacts of deep-sea mining and anthropogenic change in ocean ecosystems.
Inhibitory effect of low-dose esketamine on cough induced by sufentanil during the induction of anesthesia and postoperative impact on mental health status: A prospective, single-center, randomized controlled trial
Authors: Qian Ju , Peng Yan , Mao YiQun , Ji FuHai , Shan XiSheng , Cheng Jing , Zhou Shuang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Intravenous administration of sufentanil during anesthesia induction induces cough (SIC), sometimes triggers a severe reaction. We wanted to investigate the inhibitory effect of low-dose esketamine on cough induced by sufentanil during the induction of general anesthesia, as well as its postoperative impact on mental status.
Methods
A total of 256 adult patients were randomly allocated to receive either esketamine (Group EK) or normal saline (Group C). One minute before the administration of sufentanil, Group EK and Group C were injected with esketamine (0.075 mg/kg, diluted with normal saline to 3 ml) and normal saline (3 ml), respectively. The primary outcomes were the incidence (the basis of the presence or absence of cough) and severity (the frequency of cough episodes) of cough within 2 minutes after sufentanil injection.The secondary outcomes included hemodynamic variables and mental status or postoperative events.
Results
A total of 236 adult patients were randomized into two groups (n = 236): Group EK (n = 118) and Group C (n = 118). The incidence of cough in Group EK (21.2%) was significantly lower than that in Group C (40.7%) (P < 0.05). The incidence rates for each grade were as follows: 9.3% and 16.9% for Grade 2, and 0% and 4.2% for Grade 3, respectively.The difference had statistical sense.The MAP and HR at T4 (during tracheal intubation) and T5 (1 minute post-intubation) were significantly lower in Group EK (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in mental status, time to awareness, duration force recovery or satisfaction with anesthesia.
Conclusion
Pretreatment with low-dose esketamine can reduce the incidence and severity of cough induced by sufentanil and maintain hemodynamic stability during anesthesia induction without increasing mental status.
Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2400084940, date of registration: 05/28/2024)
Testing the ASAS criteria in a large Colombian cohort: What do we have to learn from Colombia?
Authors: Rueda Igor , Rodriguez Gustavo José , Santos Ana María , Devia Juan Camilo Santacruz , Arias-Correal Sofía , Uribe Keisy Orduz , Quintero-Munoz Elias , Pedraza Cristian Mesa , Rueda Juan Camilo , Bello Juan Manuel , Ballesteros Giovanny , Calvo Enrique , Londono John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Spondyloarthritis (SpA) can be classified by clinical presentation using Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criteria. Though useful in many cohorts, their usefulness in Colombia needs to be clarified. The study aimed to describe a large Colombian group of SpA patients, evaluate ASAS criteria's sensitivity in the GESPA cohort, and propose axSpA criteria modification.
Methods: This was a cohort study. A structured survey was conducted, followed by a physical examination and laboratory samples. Patients were classified according to ASAS, ESSG, and mNY criteria, and clinical presentations were compared. Finally, ASAS sensitivity was contrasted to mNY, ESSG, and rheumatologist's criteria. Patients who had less than three months of back pain duration at the time of evaluation and radiographic sacroiliitis were allowed to be classified as axial patients if they met the other characteristics proposed by ASAS (axSpA-w/oCBP).
Findings: A total of 461 SpA patients (58·1% pSpA) were analyzed. There were differences between axSpA and pSpA patients in disease onset, initial symptoms, gluteal pain, history of infection, Schober test, sacroiliitis, and alleles HLA. The axSpA-w/oCBP allowed the reclassification of 88 (32·8%) pSpA to axSpA patients. This modification showed additional differences in diagnosis delay, and spinal mobility assessment. The sensitivity of the ASAS classification criteria was 90·8% compared to the rheumatology criteria.
Interpretation: The GESPA cohort is one of the largest in LatAm, with a predominance of pSpA patients, with clinical, and imaging differences between the axSpA and pSpA. The ASAS criteria have good sensitivity compared to the rheumatologist's criteria. However, the mandatory criterial of chronic back pain by ASAS misclassified axSpA as pSpA. The proposed axSpA-w/oCBP modification allowed better identification of axSpA patients, reducing the number of pSpA with radiographic sacroiliitis and achieving more coherence with the authentic clinical presentation.
Effect of Graded Inclusion of Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia Illucens, Linnaeus, 1758) Meal in Diets for Gilthead Seabream (Sparus Aurata, Linnaeus, 1758) on Gut Microbiome and Liver Morphology.
Authors: Basili Marco , Randazzo Basilio , Caccamo Letteria , Guicciardi Stefano , Meola Martina , Perdichizzi Anna , Quero Grazia Marina , Maricchiolo Giulia 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Over the last decades, insect meal has received great attention for finfish diets, due to its nutritional composition and low ecological footprint. In the present study, we assessed the response of gut microbiota and liver histology of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) fed four experimental diets including black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) meal (HI) used to replace 0 (HI0), 25 (HI25), 35 (HI35) and 50 (HI50) percent of fish meal in a 131-day feeding trial. At the end of the experiment, a remarkable change in gut microbiota composition related to HI inclusion was observed, with a preponderance of Nitrospirota in HI0 and HI25 and of Chloroflexi in HI35 and HI50 groups. Predictive analysis on bacterial metabolic pathways showed a clear separation between HI0-HI25 and HI35-HI50 groups. The microbiota shifts observed suggest a pivotal role of HI in inducing a bacterial-mediated physiological response in this fish species, probably due to chitin content and the fatty acid profile of this ingredient. Liver histology showed a higher hepatocyte size in fish from the HI50 group, while a marginal adaptive response was observed in the HI25 group. Overall, 50% HI dietary inclusion is not recommended, since possible alteration in lipid deposition, particularly at hepatic level, were highlighted in this fish species.
One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass Versus Roux‑en‑Y Gastric Bypass for Obesity: An Updated Meta‑analysis and Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Ahmed Yusuf , Ataya Karim , Almubarak Abdulla , Almubarak Isa , Ali Manar , Yusuf Walaa , Mahran Mostafa Mohammed Saad , Simeonovski Stefan , Aljaafreh Almoutuz , Yang Wah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is currently regarded as the predominant method for bariatric surgery. However, one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) emerged after RYGB as a more straightforward and readily reversible operation. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare both procedures and update the currently existing evidence.
Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Register for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared OAGB with RYGB as primary operations.
Results: Twelve studies were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 904 patients. Total weight loss percentage (TWL%) was statistically higher in the OAGB group at 6 months (95% CI:0.80 to 2.94; P= 0.006) with no differences in 12,24,36 months compared to RYGB. On the other hand, OAGB exhibited a significantly higher excess weight loss percentage (EWL%) compared to RYGB at 12 months (95% CI: 3.08 to 9.73; P=0.0002). EWL% was comparable in both procedures at 6,24,60 months of follow-up. There were no statistically significant differences in terms of resolution of comorbidities related to obesity. De Novo gastro-esophageal reflux disease (GERD) (RR 2.58; 95% CI 1.55 to 4.3; P=0.0003) and marginal ulcers (RR 2.7; CI 95% 1.07 to 6.84; P = 0.04) were significantly higher in patients who underwent OAGB in comparison to RYGB.
Conclusion: In conclusion, OAGB is not inferior to RYGB in terms of weight loss parameters and comorbidities resolution. However, OAGB can lead to a higher risk of development of marginal ulcers and De Novo GERD.
CD142+ synovial fibroblast drives meniscus destruction in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Ma Ruofan , Sun Hao , Lin Xiaobin , Liu Fangzhou , Zhang Yingbin , Ma Jianda , Huang Zhencheng , Huang Junming , Yao Lutian , Zhang Mengyuan , Chen Meiyi , Xu Jie , Wei Yulong , Dai Lie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) induced destruction of knee joints is a common cause of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Although previous evidence suggests that bone and cartilage damage is the main pathogenesis of RA joint destruction, the meniscus, a special structure in the knee joint, has been ignored. Here, we identified CD142 + synovial fibroblasts as a novel SF sub-cluster located in the sublining layer in normal and osteoarthritis knee synovium, which is elevated and migrates to the lining layer (LL) in RA knee synovium. Intra-articular injection of CD142 + SF can quickly and drastically damage the meniscus but has a slight effect on cartilage. RNA sequencing revealed that ABCC4 was highly expressed in CD142 + SF, and the pharmacological blockade of ABCC4 by MK571 attenuated CD142 + SF-induced meniscal degradation. Long-term follow-up of the RA cohort indicated that enriched CD142 + SF in the LL was a risk factor for severe joint destruction and eventually underwent TKA. Our results demonstrate that CD142 + SF can be used as an indicator to assess prognosis and a therapeutic target to inhibit meniscal damage, thereby alleviating RA knee joint destruction.
Electrocoagulation treatment for patient with acute thalamoperforating artery pseudoaneurysm：a case report
Authors: Zhou Xiaoping , Liu Jun , Huang Guanlin , Zou Mingang , Hu Kun , Ye Xinyun , Zhang Zhenyu , Jiang Qiuhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Thalamoperforating artery(TPA) pseudoaneurysms are relatively rare and can be difficult to detecte by vascular examination, and the treatment is challenging, especially in endovascular therapy. This article reports a relatively rare case of a patient with an acute thalamoperforating artery pseudoaneurysm.
Case presentation
A middle-aged man was admitted to our hospital with headache and vomiting and suffered a history of hypertension and heart surgery. The physical examination revealed that the neurological finding was significant only for neck stiffness. Initially, the left internal carotid aneurysm was found when the first subarachnoid hemorrhage emerged, and no other aneurysms were performed. Due to recurrent bleeding on the third day after embolization of the left ICA aneurysm, emergency angiography revealed a new thalamoperforating artery pseudoaneurysm. Following electrocoagulation endovascular treatment, the patient achieved a good recovery, and the aneurysm has not recurred.
Conclusions
Perforating artery aneurysm may not be detected on initial angiography, repeated angiography examinations are necessary. Electrocoagulation treatment of TPA pseudoaneurysm has not been previously reported. Electrocoagulation is a good alternative option when microcatheter could not be navigated into the aneurysm, but it needs to be noticed about the potential drawbacks.
A case of masquerade syndrome caused by metastatic iris tumor diagnosed by a high CEA level in the aqueous humor and iris biopsy
Authors: Konno Shun , Yuzawa Sayaka , Kinouchi Reiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
With the advent of targeted therapies, the survival prognosis for metastatic tumors has extended, and it has become necessary to diagnose and consider treatment that takes into account QOL for metastatic tumors of the eye. The reports of checking tumor marker in the aqueous humor for diagnosis of metastatic intraocular tumors are few. Here, we report a case of masquerade syndrome with secondary glaucoma in which a high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level in the aqueous humor could assist diagnosis, and continuing targeted therapy and trabeculectomy were effective.
Case presentation
A 73-year-old man was referred to us for iritis and high intraocular pressure (IOP) with severe eye pain in the left eye. He had Stage IVB lung adenocarcinoma treated with a molecularly targeted drug, Osimertinib. His best corrected visual acuity was 0.15, and IOP was 52 mmHg in the left eye. Anterior chamber cells (+), numerous small nodules in the iris, and small masses in the inferior angle were observed. In the aqueous humor, the CEA level was higher than in the blood. Napsin A and Thyroid Transcription Factor-1 (TTF-1) positive cells showed in the resected tissue at iridectomy performed during trabeculectomy. The pathological diagnosis of metastatic iris tumor of the lung adenocarcinoma was made, and we injected bevacizumab intravitreally once and continued Osimertinib. His IOP lowered to 8-10 mmHg, and the iris masses disappeared. He lost vision by metastasis to the left optic nerve after termination of Osimertinib one and a half years later. The metastasis shrank after restarting the drug. He passed away from an exacerbation of his primary lung cancer two years and nine months after the first visit. Although he lost vision in his left eye, the metastatic tumor in his left eye and optic nerve had disappeared, and his quality of life was maintained without any pain in his eye.
Conclusions
Checking tumor markers in the aqueous humor can aid in diagnosis, and aggressive treatment of metastatic iris tumors must help maintain patients’ QOL.
Efficient encoding of the traveling salesperson problem on a quantum computer
Authors: Stenger John , Crowe Sean , Diaz Joseph , Rodriguez Ramiro , Gunlycke Daniel , Ptasinski Joanna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

We propose an amplitude encoding of the traveling salesperson problem along with a method for calculating the cost function. Our encoding requires a number of qubits which grows logarithmically with the number of cities. We propose to calculate the cost function classically based on the probability distribution extracted from measuring the quantum computer. This is in contrast from the typical method of evaluating the cost function by taking the expectation value of a quantum operator. We demonstrate our method using a variational quantum eigensolver algorithm to find the shortest route for a given graph. We find that there is a broad range in the hyperparameters of the optimization procedure for which the best route is found.
Virtual brain twins for stimulation in epilepsy
Authors: Wang Huifang , Dollomaja Borana , Triebkorn Paul , Duma Gian Marco , Williamson Adam , Makhalova Julia , Lemarecha Jean-Didier , Bartolomei Fabrice , Jirsa Viktor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Estimating the epileptogenic zone network (EZN) is an important part of the diagnosis of drug-resistant focal epilepsy and plays a pivotal role in treatment and intervention. Virtual brain twins, based on personalized whole brain modeling, provide a formal method for personalized diagnosis and treatment. They integrate patient-specific brain topography with structural connectivity from anatomical neuroimaging such as MRI, and dynamic activity from functional recordings such as EEG and stereo-EEG (SEEG). Seizures demonstrate rich spatial and temporal features in functional recordings, which can be exploited to estimate the EZN. Stimulation-induced seizures can provide important and complementary information. We consider invasive SEEG stimulation as the most practical current approach, and temporal interference (TI) stimulation as a potential future approach for non-invasive diagnosis and treatment. This paper offers a virtual brain twin framework for EZN diagnosis based on stimulation-induced seizures. This framework estimates the EZN and validated the results on synthetic data with ground-truth. It provides an important methodological and conceptual basis for a series of ongoing scientific studies and clinical usage, which are specified in this paper. This framework also provides the necessary step to go from invasive to non-invasive diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant focal epilepsy.
Designing network heterogeneity for anti-fatigue elastomers
Authors: Luo Ming-Chao , Zhou Yu , Guo Hao-Jia , Zhang Junqi , Kong Lingmin , Liao Shuangquan , Wu Jinrong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Polymer networks provide essential elasticity and strength for elastomers, yet the intrinsic fracture energy or fatigue threshold of regular networks has remained relatively low, around 50–100 J/m². In this study, we introduce the concept of an inhomogeneous network design to enhance the intrinsic fracture energy or fatigue threshold of single-network polymers. By utilizing catalysts with varying catalytic abilities, we create an inhomogeneous network consisting of both long and short strands. This network structure simultaneously improves the fracture toughness and fatigue threshold. Specifically, compared with regular networks, the inhomogeneous network achieves a remarkable fatigue threshold of approximately 1200 J/m². This substantial improvement is attributed to stress deconcentration and increased stored elastic energy from the long strands in the inhomogeneous network. This innovative approach is broadly applicable to soft matter systems, presenting opportunities to enhance the crack propagation resistance of polymer networks.
Role of Teriperatide in Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Femur Fracture
Authors: Chalana Ankit , Aggarwal Hari Om , Mehta Kshitij , Rehncy Jagdeep Singh , Sahni Girish 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Despite recent advances in fracture fixation techniques, achieving favorable outcomes in osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures not only by reducing the fracture site but also by ensuring long-term reduction is still difficult for surgeons. Consequently, the interest of researchers has shifted toward establishing a holistic approach for managing such injuries. Teriparatide, a recombinant form of human parathyroid hormone, is a novel drug that has been proven to hasten fracture healing, in both animals and humans. We attempted to evaluate the influence of teriparatide therapy in surgically fixed osteoporotic intertrochanteric femur fractures and provide the groundwork for further research in this area.
Methods: A total of 50 patients with established osteoporosis and intertrochanteric fractures were selected and divided into two groups: those who weremanaged surgically with proximal femur nailing and those who were prospectively compared. One group received teriparatide therapy in addition to standard treatment after providing the necessary consent, and the other group received calcium supplements alone. The results of both groups were prospectively compared. We aimed to identify the effects of teriparatide on the time to fracture union, bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers (BTMs) and other fracture-related postoperative complications. Radiological union was assessed via the Radiographic Union Score for Hip (RUSH).
Results: All patients were followed up for 6 months, at which time all the fractures were united. However, in the teriparatide group, the time to fracture union significantly decreased by approximately 2 weeks, and the improvementsin BMD and radiographic union were significantly greater.
Conclusion: Our prospective study revealed that early union and a significant increase in the number of BMD tips favor teriparatide therapy in osteoporotic patients with intertrochanteric femur fractures. Well-designed clinical trials conducted in a similar vein are further needed to support our claim.