bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structure and stability of solvation complexes of trimethyl phosphate and dimethyl methyl phosphonate
Authors: Owens Frank J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe presently used electrolytes in Lithium ion batteries, dimethyl carbonate (DMC), and ethylene carbonate are flammable. Trimethyl phosphate (TMP) and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) have been shown to be potential nonflammable electrolytes. Density functional theory is used to calculate the structure and stability of the solvation complexes of TMP and DMMP. The calculations indicate that TMP and DMMP can form a solvation complex of the form Li+(X)4 where X is the TMP or DMMP molecule. Calculations of the solvation energy and bond dissociation energies to remove one TMP and DMMP from the solvation complexes are compared with the same calculations on DMC. The results indicate that TMP and DMMP are considerably more stable than DMC.
Deoti surgical flap and sphincteroplasty for treatment of severe perineal deformity
Authors: Rodrigues Beatriz D.S. , Buzatti Kelly Cristine de Lacerda Rodrigues , Reis Igor G.N. , Barros Flávio C. , Nunes Vinícius R.T. , da Silva Rodrigo G. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Purpose Anal incontinence is a very stigmatizing condition, which affects biopsychosocially the patient. It is a neglected, but quite common complication of obstetric and anorectal surgery, however it has treatment options. None of the treatment options have exceptional efficacy rates and still associated with risk of recurrence. The surgery techniques known are: anterior and posterior shortening procedure; post-anal repair; anterior elevator plasty and external sphincter plication; total pelvic floor repair and sphincter repair. None of them use a flap rotation of adipose tissue. The purpose is to propose a new surgery technique of anal sphincteroplasty, which uses flap rotation, for severe perineal deformity associated with anal incontinence.
Methods Patient with severe perineal deformity and anal incontinence treated with a new surgery technique of sphincteroplasty with flap rotation.
Results The severe perineal deformity was corrected with both esthetic and functional results. Anal continence measured by Wexner and Jorge assessment in a follow-up period of 2 years after the intervention. Pictures and video show esthetic and functional aspects.
Conclusion This is the first time that a flap rotation is used to treat a severe perineal deformity. And the technique presented promising outcomes, which allows perineum reconstruction that is similar to the original anatomy. Therefore, this technique is justified to better evaluate its efficiency and the impact on patients’ prognosis.
Towards an understanding ofSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium persistence in swine
Authors: Patterson Sheila K. , Kim Hyeun Bum , Borewicz Klaudyna , Isaacson Richard E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSalmonella entericais an important food borne pathogen that is frequently carried by swine. Carrier animals pose a food safety risk because they can transmitS. entericato finished food products in the processing plant or by contamination of the environment. Environmental contamination has become increasingly important as non-animal foods (plant-based) have been implicated as sources ofS. enterica. The prevalence ofS. entericain swine is high and yet carrier animals remain healthy.S. entericahas developed a highly sophisticated set of virulence factors that allow it to adapt to host environments and to cause disease. It is assumed thatS. entericaalso has developed unique ways to maintain itself in animals and yet not cause disease. Here we describe our research to understand persistence. Specifically, data are presented that demonstrates that detection of most carrier animals requires specific stresses that causeS. entericato be shed from pigs. As well, we describe a phenotypic phase variation process that appears to be linked to the carrier state and a complex set of factors that control phenotypic phase variation. Finally, we describe how the composition of the gut bacterial microbiome may contribute to persistence and at the least howS. entericamight alter the composition of the gut bacterial microbiome.
An Ecotheological Exploration of the Thought of Arthur Peacocke
Authors: Guess Deborah 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAgainst a background of increasing concern over climate change and other instances of ecological degradation, this paper aims to explore two ideas in the thought of Anglican theologian and biochemist Arthur Peacocke in relation to their ecotheological promise. First, Peacocke’s understanding of ‘emergence’ affirms the diversity of the created world and makes possible the understanding of Jesus Christ as the emergence of a new reality; these concepts resonate with the value given to biodiversity in ecological thought. Second, the idea that God expresses Godself through the material world in the process of creation, together with an emphasis on the biophysical composition of Jesus Christ, allows a high claim to be made for matter which resonates with an ecological affirmation of the value of the natural world. By asserting the prevalence of diversity and the value of matter, Peacocke’s thought provides a theological framework which coheres with an ecological ethos.
Topological properties of a self-assembled electrical network via ab initio calculation
Authors: Stephenson C. , Lyon D. , Hübler A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInteracting electrical conductors self-assemble to form tree like networks in the presence of applied voltages or currents. Experiments have shown that the degree distribution of the steady state networks are identical over a wide range of network sizes. In this work we develop a new model of the self-assembly process starting from the underlying physical interaction between conductors. In agreement with experimental results we find that for steady state networks, our model predicts that the fraction of endpoints is a constant of 0.252, and the fraction of branch points is 0.237. We find that our model predicts that these scaling properties also hold for the network during the approach to the steady state as well. In addition, we also reproduce the experimental distribution of nodes with a given Strahler number for all steady state networks studied.
Design of Nano Screw Pump for Water Transport and its Mechanisms
Authors: Wang LiYa , Wu HengAn , Wang FengChao 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNanopumps conducting fluids through nanochannels have attracted considerable interest for their potential applications in nanofiltration, water desalination and drug delivery. Here, we demonstrate by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations that a nano screw pump is designed with helical nanowires embedded in a nanochannel, which can be used to drive unidirectional water flow. Such helical nanowires have been successfully synthesized in many experiments. By investigating the water transport mechanism through nano screw pumps with different configuration parameters, three transport modes were observed: cluster-by-cluster, pseudo-continuous, and linear-continuous, in which the water flux increases linearly with the rotating speed. The influences of the nanowires’ surface energy and the screw’s diameter on water transport were also investigated. Results showed that the water flux rate increases as the decreasing wettability of helical nanowires. The deviation in water flux in screw pumps with smaller radius is attributed to the weak hydrogen bonding due to space confinement and the hydrophobic blade. Moreover, we also proposed that such screw pumps with appropriate diameter and screw pitch can be used for water desalination. The study provides an insight into the design of multifunctional nanodevices for not only water transport but water desalination in practical applications.
Obtaining spontaneously beating cardiomyocyte-like cells from adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions cultured on enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogels
Authors: Yang Gang , Xiao Zhenghua , Ren Xiaomei , Long Haiyan , Ma Kunlong , Qian Hong , Guo Yingqiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHeart failure often develops after acute myocardial infarction because the injured myocardial tissue fails to recover or regenerate. Stem cell transplantation using adult cell sources, such as adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF), draws extensive attention. In this study, SVF cells were isolated from rat adipose tissue and cultivated on enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogels. Morphological features of cell development and spontaneous beating behavior from these cells were observed and recorded. Cardiac phenotypes were characterized via immunofluorescence staining, and the expression of cardiac-specific genes was measured via RT-PCR. The functional assessment of SVF-derived cardiomyocyte-like cells (SVF-CMs) was performed by detecting cellular calcium transient activities and pharmacological responses. Results showed that most SVF-CMs exhibited elongated myotubule shapes and expressed cardiac troponin I strongly. SVF-CMs expressed cardiac-specific RNA (including transcription factors GATA binding protein 4) and myocyte enhancer factor 2c, as well as the structural proteins, namely, sarcomere actinin alpha 2, cardiac troponin I type 3, cardiac troponin T type 2, and cardiac gap junction protein alpha 1. Their beating mode, calcium activities, and pharmacological responses were similar to those of native CMs. Spontaneously beating SVF-CMs can be derived from adipose tissue-derived SVFs, and enzyme-crosslinked gelatin hydrogel promoted the cardiac differentiation of SVF cells.
Microbial modulation of bacoside A biosynthetic pathway and systemic defense mechanism in Bacopa monnieri under Meloidogyne incognita stress
Authors: Gupta Rupali , Singh Akanksha , Srivastava Madhumita , Singh Vivek , Gupta M. M. , Pandey Rakesh 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPlant-associated beneficial microbes have been explored to fulfill the imperative function for plant health. However, their impact on the host secondary metabolite production and nematode disease management remains elusive. Our present work has shown that chitinolytic microbes viz., Chitiniphilus sp. MTN22 and Streptomyces sp. MTN14 singly as well as in combination modulated the biosynthetic pathway of bacoside A and systemic defense mechanism against Meloidogyne incognita in Bacopa monnieri. Interestingly, expression of bacoside biosynthetic pathway genes (3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase, and squalene synthase) were upregulated in plants treated with the microbial combination in the presence as well as in absence of M. incognita stress. These microbes not only augmented bacoside A production (1.5 fold) but also strengthened host resistance via enhancement in chlorophyll a, defense enzymes and phenolic compounds like gallic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid. Furthermore, elevated lignification and callose deposition in the microbial combination treated plants corroborate well with the above findings. Overall, the results provide novel insights into the underlying mechanisms of priming by beneficial microbes and underscore their capacity to trigger bacoside A production in B. monnieri under biotic stress.
Association of VAV2 and VAV3 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors
Authors: Perretta-Tejedor Nuria , Fernández-Mateos Javier , García-Ortiz Luis , Gómez-Marcos Manuel A. , Recio-Rodríguez José I. , Agudo-Conde Cristina , Rodriguez-Sánchez Emiliano , Morales Ana I. , López-Hernández Francisco J. , López-Novoa José M. , González-Sarmiento Rogelio , Martínez-Salgado Carlos 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHypertension, diabetes and obesity are cardiovascular risk factors closely associated to the development of renal and cardiovascular target organ damage. VAV2 and VAV3, members of the VAV family proto-oncogenes, are guanosine nucleotide exchange factors for the Rho and Rac GTPase family, which is related with cardiovascular homeostasis. We have analyzed the relationship between the presence of VAV2 rs602990 and VAV3 rs7528153 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage (heart, vessels and kidney) in 411 subjects. Our results show that being carrier of the T allele in VAV2 rs602990 polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of obesity, reduced levels of ankle-brachial index and diastolic blood pressure and reduced retinal artery caliber. In addition, being carrier of T allele is associated with increased risk of target organ damage in males. On the other hand, being carrier of the T allele in VAV3 rs7528153 polymorphism is associated with a decreased susceptibility of developing a pathologic state composed by the presence of hypertension, diabetes, obesity or cardiovascular damage, and with an increased risk of developing altered basal glycaemia. This is the first report showing an association between VAV2 and VAV3 polymorphisms with cardiovascular risk factors and target organ damage.
Revisiting metallization boundary of warm dense helium in a wide ρ-T regime from ab initio study
Authors: Zhang Wei , Li Zhiguo , Fu Zhijian , Dai Jiayu , Chen Qifeng , Cai Lingcang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe knowledge of the metallization of warm dense helium has important implications for understanding the thermal histories, stellar structure and magnetic field environment of giant planets. However, it is also a pendent scientific topic. For a revisiting into the properties of warm dense helium, we performed extensive quantum Langevin molecular dynamic simulations and electronic structure calculations to study helium over a very wide range of density (ρ = 1~24 g/cm3) and temperature (T = 10~160 kK). The dependencies of helium band gap on ρ and T were presented and a metallization boundary of helium was thus determined by gap closure. Such a boundary is further identified by the calculated electrical conductivity and optical reflectivity based on Kubo-Greenwood formula: along the boundary, the electrical conductivities are found to be 7.0 × 105~1.3 × 106 Ω−1 m−1 and the optical reflectivity value at 532 nm is about 0.55, which are typical values for true metal.
Multicomponent Droplet Evaporation on Chemical Micro-Patterned Surfaces
Authors: He Minghao , Liao Dong , Qiu Huihe 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe evaporation and dynamics of a multicomponent droplet on a heated chemical patterned surface were presented. Comparing to the evaporation process of a multicomponent droplet on a homogenous surface, it is found that the chemical patterned surface can not only enhance evaporation by elongating the contact line, but also change the evaporation process from three regimes for the homogenous surface including constant contact line (CCL) regime, constant contact angle (CCA) regime and mix mode (MM) to two regimes, i.e. constant contact line (CCL) and moving contact line (MCL) regimes. The mechanism of contact line stepwise movement in MCL regimes in the microscopic range is investigated in detail. In addition, an improved local force model on the contact line was employed for analyzing the critical receding contact angles on homogenous and patterned surfaces. The analysis results agree well for both surfaces, and confirm that the transition from CCL to MCL regimes indicated droplet composition changes from multicomponent to monocomponent, providing an important metric to predict and control the dynamic behavior and composition of a multicomponent droplet using a patterned surface.
Memory and betweenness preference in temporal networks induced from time series
Authors: Weng Tongfeng , Zhang Jie , Small Michael , Zheng Rui , Hui Pan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractWe construct temporal networks from time series via unfolding the temporal information into an additional topological dimension of the networks. Thus, we are able to introduce memory entropy analysis to unravel the memory effect within the considered signal. We find distinct patterns in the entropy growth rate of the aggregate network at different memory scales for time series with different dynamics ranging from white noise, 1/f noise, autoregressive process, periodic to chaotic dynamics. Interestingly, for a chaotic time series, an exponential scaling emerges in the memory entropy analysis. We demonstrate that the memory exponent can successfully characterize bifurcation phenomenon, and differentiate the human cardiac system in healthy and pathological states. Moreover, we show that the betweenness preference analysis of these temporal networks can further characterize dynamical systems and separate distinct electrocardiogram recordings. Our work explores the memory effect and betweenness preference in temporal networks constructed from time series data, providing a new perspective to understand the underlying dynamical systems.
Photothermal therapeutic application of gold nanorods-porphyrin-trastuzumab complexes in HER2-positive breast cancer
Authors: Kang Xinmei , Guo Ximing , Niu Xingjian , An Weiwei , Li Suhan , Liu Zhaoliang , Yang Yue , Wang Na , Jiang Qicheng , Yan Caichuan , Wang Hui , Zhang Qingyuan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGold nanorods are effective photothermal agents in diagnosis and treatment of cancer due to their specific near-infrared laser absorption. However, tumor photothermal therapy by nanorods alone is lack of targeting. Here, we described a novel nanocomplex made up of gold nanorods, porphyrin, and trastuzumab, called TGNs and investigated the TGN-mediated photothermal therapy as a potential alternative treatment of targeting HER2-positive breast cancers. By conjugating trastuzumab and porphyrin to the surface of gold nanorods, we have increased the targeting specificity and amplified the detecting effectiveness at the same time. TGN-mediated photothermal ablation by near-infrared laser led to a selective destruction of HER2-positive cancer cells and significantly inhibited tumor growth in mouse models bearing HER2 over-expressed breast cancer xenograft with less toxicity. Moreover, TGNs provided better therapeutic efficacy in comparison with the conventional molecule targeted therapy. Our current data suggest a highly promising future of TGNs for its therapeutic application in trastuzumab-resistant breast cancers.
Impact of vitamin D on cardiovascular disease - mini review.
Authors: Papandreou D. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency from early ages has been implicated in the aetiology of atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in adulthood. Low levels of vitamin D occur due to reduced intake as well as because of geographical location. Early intervention with vitamin D supplementation when necessary or fortification with staple foods could be other approaches towards prevention of CVD.
The advantages and disadvantages of confining cats indoors.
Authors: Siracusa C. , Provoost L. R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

The domestic cat (
Felis silvestris catus
) is a popular pet in many societies; however, the attitudes of people towards cats vary greatly among stakeholders. Today, cats fill roles as companions, competitors, hunters of small prey, and in some communities, perceived as a nuisance. There are both societal and individual differences regarding the exclusive confinement of cats indoors. The majority of cat owners in the USA confine their pet cats exclusively indoors, while the majority of cat owners in the UK allow their pet cats free access to the outdoors. The aim of this paper is to review the advantages and disadvantages of confining cats indoors for the primary stakeholders involved - the cats, their owners, the public and wildlife.
Effects of adding a weekly eccentric‐overload training session on strength and athletic performance in team‐handball players
Authors: Sabido Rafael , Hernández‐Davó Jose Luis , Botella Javier , Navarro Angel , Tous‐Fajardo Julio 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo investigate the influence of adding a weekly eccentric‐overload training (EOT) session in several athletic performance's tests, 18 team‐handball players were assigned either to an EOT (n = 11) or a Control (n = 7) group. Both groups continued to perform the same habitual strength training, but the EOT group added one session/week during a 7‐week training programme consisting of four sets of eight repetitions for the bilateral half‐squat and unilateral lunge exercises. The test battery included handball throwing velocity, maximum dynamic strength (1RM), countermovement jump (CMJ), 20 m sprint, triple hop for distance, and eccentric/concentric power in both the half‐squat and lunge exercises. Data were analysed using magnitude‐based inferences. Both groups improved their 1RM in the half squat, 20 m sprint time, and CMJ performance to a similar extent, but the EOT group showed a beneficial effect for both right [(42/58/0), possibly positive] and left [(99/1/0), very likely positive] triple hop for distance performance. In addition, the EOT group showed greater power output improvements in both eccentric and concentric phases of the half‐squat (difference in percent of change ranging from 6.5% to 22.0%) and lunge exercises (difference in per cent of change ranging from 13.1% to 24.9%). Nevertheless, no group showed changes in handball throwing velocity. Selected variables related to team‐handball performance (i.e. functional jumping performance, power output) can be improved by adding a single EOT session per week, highlighting the usefulness of this low‐volume/high‐intensity training when aiming at optimizing dynamic athletic performance.
Logical Issues With the Pressure Natriuresis Theory of Chronic Hypertension
Authors: Kurtz Theodore W. , DiCarlo Stephen E. , Morris R. Curtis 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The term “abnormal pressure natriuresis” refers to a subnormal effect of a given level of blood pressure (BP) on sodium excretion. It is widely believed that abnormal pressure natriuresis causes an initial increase in BP to be sustained. We refer to this view as the “pressure natriuresis theory of chronic hypertension.” The proponents of the theory contend that all forms of chronic hypertension are sustained by abnormal pressure natriuresis, irrespective of how hypertension is initiated. This theory would appear to follow from “the three laws of long-term arterial pressure regulation” stated by Guyton and Coleman more than 3 decades ago. These “laws” articulate the concept that for a given level of salt intake, the relationship between arterial pressure and sodium excretion determines the chronic level of BP. Here, we review and examine the recent assertion by Beard that these “laws” of long-term BP control amount to nothing more than a series of tautologies. Our analysis supports Beard’s assertion, and also indicates that contemporary investigators often use tautological reasoning in support of the pressure natriuresis theory of chronic hypertension. Although the theory itself is not a tautology, it does not appear to be testable because it holds that abnormal pressure natriuresis causes salt-induced hypertension to be sustained through abnormal increases in cardiac output that are too small to be detected.