bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hukum Islam dalam Pergumulan Politik Hukum Nasional Era Reformasi
Authors: Itmam M. Shohibul 
Published: June 2016

Abstract: This paper describes the existence of Islamic Law in the plurality of national law amidst the process of the tug of political struggle of national law in reform era. This discussion is focused on the following; first, the struggle of religion, law and politics in Indonesia; second, the development of Indonesian law and politics of law in reform era; third, the opportunities and challenges of Islamic law in the middle of the plurality of national law in reform era. This paper was as a result of library research using legal normative status, historical, and sociological point of view. The result of this study was that the struggle of religion, law and politics in Indonesia was as a process of symbiosis mutualism. Every religion has the same rights in a democratic frame of Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution and the government is as its regulator. The development of law and political law of the reform era indicated that the presence of political sciencetific engineering of Dutch law had resulted in positive law in Indonesia which had not met the legal awareness of the community. In fact, the opportunities and challenges of Islamic law in the middle of the plurality of national law of reform era are formulated in three aspects. Politically, the weak parliamentary support in the National Legislation Program PROLEGNAS) affects the existence of Islamic law. Philosophically, the internal conflict in the understanding of Islamic law sometimes marginalize Islamic law itself. And sociologically, only few values of Islamic law are absorbed in a national scale.
Completion Optimization Under Constraints: An Eagle Ford Shale Case Study
Authors: Okeahialam Ikenna , Yang Mei , Shinde Dnyaneshwar B. , Sahai Vivek , Araque-Martinez Aura , Rai Rakesh 
Published: June 2016

Summary
The Eagle Ford shale (EFS) is the largest single economic development in the history of the state of Texas and ranks as the largest oil and gas development in the world on the basis of capital invested. Between 2008 and the present, the EFS has become one of the most heavily drilled rock units in the US and is the most-active shale play in the world.
This paper presents a completion-optimization framework for unconventional plays. The framework uses well-production performance analysis to estimate the fracture characteristics, and assists in diagnosing potential low-productivity issues. The framework enables precompletion planning, real-time completion operations monitoring, and post-completion evaluation of the design effectiveness, and it optimizes future designs.
The key components of the framework are prospectivity analysis, completions optimization, and well-performance analysis. Prospectivity analysis provides the map of reservoir quality and rock quality across the play. Precompletion planning, a component of completions optimization, is driven by prospectivity analysis with the goal to design the best completion on the basis of the rock-quality data available. During completions monitoring, the designs are updated on the basis of the actual field pump rates and quantities of proppant pumped to estimate actual hydraulic- and propped-fracture characteristics. The effective fracture geometry is determined on the basis of well-production calibration. Wellbore and completion problems could be diagnosed in this analysis, including damage of fractures, fluid behavior, and well interference.
We applied this framework to wells completed in the EFS. The reservoir-quality variability is based on petrophysical evaluation of logs acquired on all study wells. The characteristics of propped fractures were estimated on the basis of geomechanical modeling of actual field pumping measurements. Even though the fractures extended above and below the target interval of the EFS, they were successful in creating the desired half-length from a design point of view. It was also observed that not all the clusters matured, because of the stress-shadow effect. The produced fluids in these wells ranged from black oil to gas condensate. Well interference was observed as a production penalty factor in well-performance analysis. The behavior of current wells was used to design optimal completions for wells that were planned to be completed.
This framework uses common data sets collected by a majority of operators. It provides intelligence for completion optimization of future wells after thorough investigation into fracture design, completion operation, and effective fracture characteristics. It is a systematic approach to optimized single-well design and field development (multiple wells, pad drilling).
Hyper-Reduced-Order Models for Subsurface Flow Simulation
Authors: Yoon Seonkyoo , Alghareeb Zeid M. , Williams John R. 
Published: June 2016

Summary
Subsurface flow modeling is an indispensable task for reservoir management, but the associated computational cost is burdensome because of model complexity and the fact that many simulation runs are required for its applications such as production optimization, uncertainty quantification, and history matching. To relieve the computational burden in reservoir flow modeling, a reduced-order modeling procedure based on hyper-reduction is presented. The procedure consists of three components: state reduction, constraint reduction, and nonlinearity treatment. State reduction based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is considered, and the impact of state reduction, with different strategies for collecting snapshots, on accuracy and predictability is investigated. Petrov-Galerkin projection is used for constraint reduction, and a hyper-reduction that couples the Petrov-Galerkin projection and a “gappy” reconstruction is applied for the nonlinearity treatment. The hyper-reduction method is a Gauss-Newton framework with approximated tensors (GNAT), and the main contribution of this study is the presentation of a procedure for applying the method to subsurface flow simulation. A fully implicit oil/water two-phase subsurface flow model in 3D space is considered, and the application of the proposed hyper-reduced-order modeling procedure achieves a runtime speedup of more than 300 relative to the full-order method, which cannot be achieved when only constraint reduction is adopted.
T Lymphocyte Activation Markers as Predictors of Responsiveness to Rituximab among Patients with FSGS
Authors: Chan Chang-Yien , Liu Isaac Desheng , Resontoc Lourdes Paula , Ng Kar-Hui , Chan Yiong-Huak , Lau Perry Yew-Weng , Than Mya , Jordan Stanley C. , Lam Kong-Peng , Yeo Wee-Song , Yap Hui-Kim 
Published: June 2016

Background and objectives
Rituximab is used with variable success in difficult FSGS. Because B cell depletion significantly affects T cell function, we characterized T cell subsets in patients with FSGS to determine if an immunologic signature predictive of favorable response to rituximab could be identified.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements
Twenty-two consecutive patients with FSGS (median age =14.4 years old; range =6.2–25.0 years old) and age of onset of nephrotic syndrome 1–18 years old receiving rituximab for clinical indications between October of 2009 and February of 2014 were studied. Indications for rituximab were lack of sustained remission despite calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) and mycophenolate in steroid-resistant patients and lack of steroid-sparing effect with cyclophosphamide and CNI or CNI toxicity in steroid-dependent patients. Exclusion criteria were infantile onset, known genetic mutations, and secondary causes. Rituximab (375 mg/m2) was given fortnightly up to a maximum of four doses. Immunologic subset monitoring was performed at baseline and regular intervals until relapse. Median follow-up duration postrituximab was 26.7 months (range =6.5–66.5 months). Baseline immunologic subsets were examined for association with rituximab response defined as resolution of proteinuria with discontinuation of prednisolone and CNI 3 months postrituximab.

Results
Twelve patients (54.5%) responded to rituximab. Mitogen–stimulated CD154+CD4+CD3+ subset before rituximab was significantly lower in FSGS responders compared with nonresponders (54.9%±28.1% versus 78.9%±16.4%; P=0.03). IFN-γ
+CD3+ and IL-2+CD3+ were similarly decreased in responders compared with nonresponders (0.6%±0.8% versus 7.5%±6.1%; P=0.003 and 0.2%±0.5% versus 4.0%±4.7%; P<0.01, respectively). Recovery of all three activation subsets occurred 6 months postrituximab treatment (CD154+CD4+CD3+, 74.8%±17.2%; IFN-γ
+CD3+, 7.1%±7.7%; and IL-2+CD3+, 7.9%±10.9%; P<0.01). Receiver–operating characteristic analysis using optimal cutoff values showed that activated CD154+CD4+CD3+ <83.3% (area under the curve [AUC], 0.81; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.61 to 1.00), IFN-γ
+CD3+<2.5% (AUC, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.75 to 1.00), and IL-2+CD3+<0.3% (AUC, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.57 to 0.98) were good predictors of rituximab response.

Conclusions
We have identified prognostic markers that define a subset of patients with FSGS bearing an immunologic signature representing hyporesponsiveness to T cell stimulation and therefore, who respond better to rituximab.
The angular course of the median nerve in the distal forearm and its anatomical importance in preventing nerve injury in a modern era of carpal tunnel release
Authors: Payne Russell , Nasralah Zeinab , Sieg Emily , Rizk Elias B. , Glantz Michael , Harbaugh Kimberly 
Published: June 2016

OBJECTIVE
A thorough understanding of anatomy is critical for successful carpal tunnel release. Several texts depict the median nerve (MN) as taking a course parallel to the long axis of the forearm (LAF). The authors report on their attempt to formally assess the course of the MN as it travels to the carpal tunnel in the distal wrist and discuss its potential clinical significance.

METHODS
The width of the wrist, the distance from the radial wrist to the MN, and the distance from the distal volar wrist crease to the point where the MN emerges between the flexor carpi radialis (FCR) tendon and the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) tendons were recorded during cadaveric dissection of 76 wrist specimens. The presence or absence of palmaris longus was documented. Finally, the angles between the MN and FCR tendon and between the MN and the LAF were measured using ImageJ.

RESULTS
The relative position of the MN at the distal wrist crease, as determined by the ratio of the distance from the MN to the radial wrist divided by wrist width, revealed a mean value of 0.48, indicating that the nerve was usually located just radial to midline. The mean distance between the distal wrist crease and the MN's emergence was 34.6 mm. The mean angle between the MN and the FCR tendon was 14.1°. The angle between the MN and the LAF had a mean value of 8.8° (range 0.0°–32.2°). The nerve was parallel to the LAF in only 10.7% of the studied wrists. Palmaris longus was absent in 14 (18.4%) of the 76 wrists.

CONCLUSIONS
The MN takes an angular approach to the carpal tunnel in the distal wrist in the vast majority of cases. This newly described finding will be useful to both clinicians and anatomists.
Anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of quinine in human Hep-2 laryngeal cancer and KB oral cancer cell
Authors: Krishnaveni Marimuthu , Suresh Kathiresan , Arunkumar Ramu 
Published: June 2016

<p>The present study evaluated the anti-proliferative and apoptotic effect of quinine on oral cancer cells Hep-2 and KB. Cell inhibition, apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects were explored by nuclear DNA cleavage, condensation, change in membrane potential of mitochondria. Meanwhile, inflammatory and apoptosis-related mRNA and proteins expressions such as iNOS COX-2, IL-6, Bcl-2, mutant p53, Bax, caspase-3 and NF-κB were determined by RT-PCR and Western blotting assays. Results showed that, quinine treatment significantly inhibited the cell viability and colony formation, inhibited cell proliferation lead to increased generation of reactive oxygen species induction of MMP depolarization, morphological changes and DNA damage in dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, quinine significantly decreased the iNOS, COX-2, IL-6, Bcl-2 and mutant p53 simultaneously up-regulated Bax, caspase-3 expressions through the inhibition of NF-κB suggest that quinine may serve as a potential candidate in the prevention of cell proliferation and enhances apoptosis via inhibiting up-stream signalling.</p><p><strong>Video Clip</strong></p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/83HX2fFTXkg">Programmed cell death assay by dual staining:</a> 17 min 25 sec</p><p> </p>
NEW SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNIQUE BASED ON COADDITION OF SURFACE BRIGHTNESS FLUCTUATIONS: NGC 4449 AND ITS STELLAR TIDAL STREAM
Authors: Toloba Elisa , Guhathakurta Puragra , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Brodie Jean P. , Martínez-Delgado David , Arnold Jacob A. , Ramachandran Neel , Theakanath Kuriakose 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a new spectroscopic technique based in part on targeting the upward fluctuations of the surface brightness for studying the internal stellar kinematics and metallicities of galaxies of low surface brightness effects both to galaxies and streams beyond the Local Group. The distance to these systems makes them unsuitable for targeting individual red giant branch (RGB) stars (tip of RGB at

mag) and their surface brightness is too low (

mag arcsec−2) for integrated light spectroscopic measurements. This technique overcomes these two problems by targeting individual objects that are brighter than the tip of the RGB. We apply this technique to the star-forming dwarf galaxy NGC 4449 and its stellar stream. We use Keck/DEIMOS data to measure the line-of-sight radial velocity out to ∼7 kpc in the east side of the galaxy and ∼8 kpc along the stream. We find that the two systems are likely gravitationally bound to each other and have heliocentric radial velocities of 227.3 ± 10.7 km s−1 and 225.8 ± 16.0 km s−1, respectively. Neither the stream nor the near half of the galaxy shows a significant velocity gradient. We estimate the stellar metallicity of the stream based on the equivalent width of its calcium triplet lines and find [Fe/H]

, which is consistent with the metallicity–luminosity relation for dwarf galaxies in the Local Group. Whether the stream's progenitor was moderately or severely stripped cannot be constrained with this uncertainty in metallicity. We demonstrate that this new technique can be used to measure the kinematics and (possibly) the metallicity of the numerous faint satellites and stellar streams in the halos of nearby (∼4 Mpc) galaxies.
THE COSMOS2015 CATALOG: EXPLORING THE 1 < z < 6 UNIVERSE WITH HALF A MILLION GALAXIES
Authors: Laigle C. , McCracken H. J. , Ilbert O. , Hsieh B. C. , Davidzon I. , Capak P. , Hasinger G. , Silverman J. D. , Pichon C. , Coupon J. , Aussel H. , Le Borgne D. , Caputi K. , Cassata P. , Chang Y.-Y. , Civano F. , Dunlop J. , Fynbo J. , Kartaltepe J. S. , Koekemoer A. , Le Fèvre O. , Le Floc’h E. , Leauthaud A. , Lilly S. , Lin L. , Marchesi S. , Milvang-Jensen B. , Salvato M. , Sanders D. B. , Scoville N. , Smolcic V. , Stockmann M. , Taniguchi Y. , Tasca L. , Toft S. , Vaccari Mattia , Zabl J. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the COSMOS201524
catalog, which contains precise photometric redshifts and stellar masses for more than half a million objects over the 2deg2 COSMOS field. Including new

images from the UltraVISTA-DR2 survey, Y-band images from Subaru/Hyper-Suprime-Cam, and infrared data from the Spitzer Large Area Survey with the Hyper-Suprime-Cam Spitzer legacy program, this near-infrared-selected catalog is highly optimized for the study of galaxy evolution and environments in the early universe. To maximize catalog completeness for bluer objects and at higher redshifts, objects have been detected on a χ
2 sum of the

and z
++ images. The catalog contains

objects in the 1.5 deg2 UltraVISTA-DR2 region and

objects are detected in the “ultra-deep stripes” (0.62 deg2) at

(3σ, 3″, AB magnitude). Through a comparison with the zCOSMOS-bright spectroscopic redshifts, we measure a photometric redshift precision of

= 0.007 and a catastrophic failure fraction of

%. At

, using the unique database of spectroscopic redshifts in COSMOS, we find

= 0.021 and

. The deepest regions reach a 90% completeness limit of

to z = 4. Detailed comparisons of the color distributions, number counts, and clustering show excellent agreement with the literature in the same mass ranges. COSMOS2015 represents a unique, publicly available, valuable resource with which to investigate the evolution of galaxies within their environment back to the earliest stages of the history of the universe. The COSMOS2015 catalog is distributed via anonymous ftp and through the usual astronomical archive systems (CDS, ESO Phase 3, IRSA).
STOCHASTIC TRANSIENTS AS A SOURCE OF QUASI-PERIODIC PROCESSES IN THE SOLAR ATMOSPHERE
Authors: Yuan Ding , Su Jiangtao , Jiao Fangran , Walsh Robert W. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
Solar dynamics and turbulence occur at all heights of the solar atmosphere and could be described as stochastic processes. We propose that finite-lifetime transients recurring at a certain place could trigger quasi-periodic processes in the associated structures. In this study, we developed a mathematical model for finite-lifetime and randomly occurring transients, and found that quasi-periodic processes with periods longer than the timescale of the transients, are detectable intrinsically in the form of trains. We simulate their propagation in an empirical solar atmospheric model with chromosphere, transition region, and corona. We found that, due to the filtering effect of the chromospheric cavity, only the resonance period of the acoustic resonator is able to propagate to the upper atmosphere; such a scenario is applicable to slow magnetoacoustic waves in sunspots and active regions. If the thermal structure of the atmosphere is less wild and acoustic resonance does not take place, the long-period oscillations could propagate to the upper atmosphere. Such a case would be more likely to occur in polar plumes.
Les interventions militaires françaises au Levant pendant la Grande Guerre
Authors: Frémeaux Jacques 
Published: June 2016

Les interventions militaires de la France au Levant ne sont pas au niveau des ambitions qui s’expriment chez ses diplomates, en particulier à l’occasion des accords Sykes-Picot. Le rôle de la Marine, non négligeable, consiste essentiellement, après avoir participé à la défense du canal de Suez en février 1915, à assurer le blocus des côtes. La participation terrestre se réduit à celle du DFP (détachement français de Palestine), créé en avril 1917. Il comprend environ 7 000 hommes, qui, intégrés à l’armée britannique (100 000 hommes), font campagne depuis l’Égypte jusqu’à la Syrie. Il faut aussi mentionner la présence de quelques dizaines de spécialistes, notamment des artilleurs, dans les contingents de la Révolte arabe dirigée par les Hachémites. Cette faiblesse d’ensemble s’explique par la priorité donnée aux autres fronts en France, mais aussi dans les Balkans, alors que le commandement français est confronté à une crise des effectifs.
Les Journées de l’économie
Authors: Le Merrer Pascal 
Published: June 2016

« Qu’attendons-nous pour agir ? » était le thème général des Jéco 2015. Même si les économistes divergent sur l’analyse des perspectives économiques pour les décennies à venir, ils sont en revanche nombreux à s’inquiéter des évolutions qui n’ont été qu’accentuées par la crise financière : faiblesse des taux d’emploi, effritement des classes moyennes, augmentation des inégalités à l’intérieur des pays, désindustrialisation des économies occidentales et d’une partie des émergents, timidité dans la mise en place des politiques environnementales. Les interrogations se multiplient sur la capacité de nos économies de marché à créer de l’intégration sociale. Les situations sont contrastées selon les économies, mais aussi selon les territoires à l’intérieur des économies.
Grandir avec la culture
Authors: Fivian Patricia 
Published: June 2016

Résumé La Maison des adolescents des Hautes-Alpes fonctionne depuis 2011. Elle développe, au-delà de l’accueil, de l’écoute et de l’accompagnement aux soins des adolescents et de leurs familles, des actions de prévention à médiation artistique. À l’occasion des 8 e journées nationales des Maisons des adolescents, elle est sollicitée pour un article ayant pour thème « Grandir avec la culture ». Ce thème est ici abordé sous trois angles majeurs : culture et processus d’adolescence, adolescents porteurs d’une « culture jeunes », adolescents immigrants ou adoptés porteurs d’une « culture d’origine », et avec la vision de la culture comme un outil d’aide à la compréhension de monde et à l’ouverture vers les autres.
Adolescents : comment se métisser ?
Authors: Simon Amalini , Ahovi Jonathan , Moro Marie Rose 
Published: June 2016

Résumé L’adolescence est une étape importante dans le passage de l’enfance à l’âge adulte. Il se complexifie lorsque l’adolescent doit jongler entre différents univers culturels. En effet, pour des adolescents qui grandissent en France avec des origines d’ailleurs, la question du métissage est au cœur de leur quête identitaire. Cela implique alors de chercher entre le « ici » et « l’ailleurs », en prenant en compte l’histoire migratoire qui peut parfois se vivre de manière traumatique. Il faut alors créer à notre tour des dispositifs métissés afin de les accompagner de manière adaptée. C’est justement l’enjeu de la clinique transculturelle. À travers des apports théoriques et une situation clinique, nous verrons que c’est tout un travail de lien qui définit le métissage des adolescents.
Grandir dans un monde d’images. Des adolescents acteurs, réalisateurs et spectateurs
Authors: Lachance Jocelyn 
Published: June 2016

Résumé L’auteur étudie les deux facettes du rapport à la vidéo des jeunes : l’influence du monde des images sur eux mais aussi la production de photos et vidéos par les adolescents eux-mêmes. Dans cette production, il est notamment question du film Bang Gang dans lequel un groupe de jeunes s’adonnent à des rapports sexuels filmés. Mais la pornographie y est éloignée du fait de la cohésion du groupe et de la diffusion bien encadrée de cette production. L’auteur conclut en demandant aux adultes de faire un effort de contextualisation de telles pratiques et production d’images.
Refus de grandir, refus d’apprendre : les « phobies scolaires » comme symptôme ?
Authors: Lenoble Évelyne , Josso-Faurite Claire 
Published: June 2016

Résumé Se fondant sur leur expérience de cliniciennes dans un Centre référent pour le diagnostic et la prise en charge médicale des troubles spécifiques d’apprentissage du langage oral et écrit chez l’enfant, les auteurs partent du concept de phobie pour aborder les « phobies scolaires » dans leurs déclinaisons psychopathologiques plurielles, en vue d’interroger les interactions entre construction du sujet et accès au savoir. L’engagement de l’enfant dans les apprentissages dits académiques, attendu lors de toute scolarité, est soumis à des conditions nombreuses. La difficulté, voire l’impossibilité à accéder aux apprentissages scolaires sont pour les cliniciens une occasion d’ouvrir leurs réflexions vers une multitude de questions à propos des structures psychopathologiques et de leur rapport au symbolique, et interrogent tout particulièrement la notion de « savoir inconscient » en lien avec l’accès aux connaissances scolaires, les destins de ces différents modes de savoir, ainsi que la valeur des symptômes... Les auteurs proposent une série d’illustrations cliniques autour de ces questions.