bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Size‐miniaturized and selectivity‐enhanced bandpass filter using folded stepped‐impedance resonators
Authors: Huang Tao , Shao Zhen Hai , Huang Yong Mao 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, a 3.5 GHz size‐miniaturized microstrip bandpass filter based on folded stepped‐impedance resonators (FSIR) structure is presented for frequency synthesizer application to achieve a moderate wide stopband performance and an enhanced sideband selectivity performance by two transmission zeros (TZs). The filter is composed of four half‐mode FSIRs, where two FSIRs in the middle consist of a tri‐mode resonator which produces a TZ, and a pair of 180‐degree feed ports produce another TZ. After the filter is fabricated and measured, its measurement results are agreed with its simulated ones very well, and show its in‐band (1dB bandwidth from 3.3 GHz to 3.7 GHz) insertion loss is less than 1.6 dB, its sideband suppression is 45dB at 260MHz away from the upper sideband, as well as its stopband rejection is 26 dB far to the fourth harmonic of the center frequency. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:60–62, 2017
Inset‐fed rectangular microstrip antenna optimized by genetic algorithm
Authors: de Sena Francisco das Chagas B. , da Silva José P. , Pereira Jonathan P. P. , Guimarães Ádller de O. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, a new project of a rectangular microstrip patch antenna, operating at 5.8 GHz, optimized by Genetic Algorithm (GA), has been proposed, built and analyzed. That antenna has a structure composed by inset‐fed, which is made in the junction between the patch and the feed line. The proposed GA is applied to determine the depth (yo) of the insert‐fed, which refers to how much the feed line get in the patch in order to achieve the optimum value for the impedance matching of the antenna. Obtained results for the optimized antenna were compared to those achieved by simulation and measurements of a reference antenna, also two prototypes were built for both one. In this study, the analyzed parameters were total gain, S11 parameter, input impedance and E‐plane. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:105–109, 2017
A cascode linear power amplifier with reduced capacitance variation of common gate transistors
Authors: Jeong Gwanghyeon , Kang Seunghoon , Joo Taehwan , Hong Songcheol 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT:A common‐gate (CG) transistor in a cascode power amplifier has a large input capacitance variation in the saturation region with respect to the source voltage. This causes large nonlinearity in a CMOS PA that utilizes a cascode configuration. Here, we propose a method to reduce the capacitance variation by introducing a parallel auxiliary transistor that works in both the saturation and depletion regions by applying a bias voltage that is slightly different from the main one. This provides the proposed CMOS PA a gain of 27.8 dB and an output power of 16.7 dBm with a PAE of 14.7% for an 802.11n modulated signal with an EVM of −25 dB. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:125–128, 2017
Dual‐band antenna with combination of printed dipole and aperture coupled rectangular patch antenna
Authors: Eskandari Hossein , Hasani Hamid Reza 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a novel simple structure of dual band microstrip antenna is presented. The antenna configuration is composed of two antennas that one of these antennas is printed dipole antenna and the other one is 1 × 2 aperture coupled rectangular patch antenna array. The parameter design of each antenna, which resonating as independent antennas, is designed based on their resonating frequency. The prototype of this antenna is fabricated and measured. The measured results show a good S‐parameter, reasonable gain, and stable omni‐like radiation patterns in two working frequency bands. According to measured results, the proposed dual‐ band antenna can cover 2.03–2.90 GHz, and 4.80–5.09 GHz, which are allocated for wireless applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:186–188, 2017
Bandwidth enhancement of dual‐layer patch antenna using low mutual‐coupling near‐field resonant parasiticl elements
Authors: Guo Li , Tang Ming‐Chun , Li Mei , Xiong Han , Zeng Xiaoping , Zeng Qingsheng 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTA pair of face‐to‐face semicircular split‐ring resonators (SSRRs) was utilized to improve the impedance bandwidth of a planar patch antenna. By loading the SSRRs on the superstrate layer, their fundamental resonant modes could be capacitively induced by the radiation patch of the antenna underneath them, respectively. Benefitting from the ultra‐low mutual coupling level between the SSRRs even though their resonant modes are very close to each other, their resonant frequency ranges could be merged with the resonant frequency range from the fundamental mode of the radiation patch to produce a wide fractional impedance bandwidth as high as 4.2% (witnessing 5.16 times enhancement compared with that of a standard patch antenna), even with such a low profile (only 0.052λ0 height). Moreover, the experimental results, which are in good agreement with the simulation values, demonstrated its stable and excellent radiation characteristics, including strict broadside main beams with high polarization purity and large front‐to‐back ratios over the entire operational bandwidth. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:180–186, 2017
Frequency reconfigurable antenna for WLAN application
Authors: Lim M.C. , Rahim S.K.A. , Hamid M.R. , Eteng A.A. , Jamlos M.F. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a frequency reconfigurable antenna fed by a coplanar waveguide (CPW). The antenna is able to switch between narrowband operation, centred at 5.8 GHz, and wideband operation in the range of 3.5 GHz to 5.97 GHz. It consists of an ellipse‐shaped wideband antenna integrated with a bandpass filter for narrowband operation. A pair of rectangular resonators with stubs is implemented at the ground plane to alter the electrical length.When a pair of integrated p‐i‐n diodes are turned OFF, a passband is realized in conjuction with two stopbands to suppress unwanted frequencies. On the other hand, wideband operation is realized when the end of the slot is shorted by eliminating the function of resonator. The overall size of the proposed antenna is 37.8 × 49 mm2, inclusive of the DC biasing circuit. Simulated and measured for radiation pattern and reflection coefficient are carried out to compare the results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 59:171–176, 2017
Stabilized finite element methods for vertically averaged multiphase flow for carbon sequestration
Authors: Ladubec Chris , Gracie Robert 
Published: November 2016

SummaryA computationally efficient numerical model that describes carbon sequestration in deep saline aquifers is presented. The model is based on the multiphase flow and vertically averaged mass balance equations, requiring the solution of two partial differential equations – a pressure equation and a saturation equation. The saturation equation is a nonlinear advective equation for which the application of Galerkin finite element method (FEM) can lead to non‐physical oscillations in the solution. In this article, we extend three stabilized FEM formulations, which were developed for uncoupled systems, to the governing nonlinear coupled PDEs. The methods developed are based on the streamline upwind, the streamline upwind/Petrov–Galerkin and the least squares FEM. Two sequential solution schemes are developed: a single step and a predictor–corrector. The range of Courant numbers yielding smooth and oscillation‐free solutions is investigated for each method. The useful range of Courant numbers found depends upon both the sequential scheme (single step vs predictor–corrector) and also the time integration method used (forward Euler, backward Euler or Crank–Nicolson). For complex problems such as when two plumes meet, only the SU stabilization with an amplified stabilization parameter gives satisfactory results when large time steps are used. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Synergetic effect of graphite nanosheets and spherical alumina particles on thermal conductivity enhancement of silicone rubber composites
Authors: Lu Yonglai , Wang Junyan , Wang Xiaobo , Liu Li , Tian Ming , Guan Xiaoyan , Zhang Liqun 
Published: November 2016

Small amounts (1–5 phr) of graphite nanosheets (GNSs) were added to highly filled spherical alumina (S‐Al2O3)/silicone rubber (SiR) composites by the direct mechanical compounding method with a double planetary mixer. The morphology, filler network structure, and thermal conductivity of the resultant composites were investigated systematically. The results revealed that nanoscale dispersion of GNSs was achieved and the dispersion level was obviously improved with the presence of S‐Al2O3. The addition of small amounts of GNSs can greatly increase the thermal conductivity of the highly filled S‐Al2O3/SiR composites. For instance, the thermal conductivity of the composite filled with 300 phr of S‐Al2O3 was increased from 1.103 to 2.162 W/(m K) by the addition of only 5 phr of GNSs, corresponding to an improvement of ∼96%. We discovered that GNSs and S‐Al2O3 exhibit a synergetic effect on the thermal conductivity improvement of the composite and the extent of synergy depends on both the loading and composition of the hybrid fillers. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E1364–E1371, 2018. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers
Efficient initiation of radical‐mediated thiol‐ene chemistry with photoactive silica particles
Authors: Sahin Melahat , Schlögl Sandra , Kaiser Simon , Kern Wolfgang , Wang Jieping , Grützmacher Hansjörg 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTThis work aims at the design of photoactive inorganic filler by covalently attaching tri(methoxy)silyl‐functionalized bis(acyl)phosphane oxides (TEMSI2‐BAPO) onto silica particles. The immobilization of the photoactive groups is evidenced by spectroscopic measurements and thermal gravimetric analysis. The modified particles are then incorporated into thiol–ene resins to study the efficiency of the Norrish type I photofragmentation reaction of the covalently bound TEMSI2‐BAPO derivatives. The photopolymerization kinetics of the thiol–ene system is monitored by FT‐IR spectroscopy and photo‐DSC upon prolonged exposure with UV‐light and compared with the results achieved with IRGACURE 819 (free BAPO). Rapid curing and high conversion yields are obtained evidencing the high efficiency of the photoactive particles. In addition, negative‐toned patterns are inscribed in thin thiol–ene films by photolithographic processes and characterized by microscopic techniques demonstrating the versatile applicability of the photoactive particles. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 894–902
Effects of evaporation velocity and film thickness on poly(3‐hexylthiophene) thin films processed from aggregate dispersions in binary solvent mixtures
Authors: Boucher David S. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACTAggregate dispersions of P3HT in two series of solvent mixtures, chloroform:dichloromethane and toluene:dichloromethane, are used to study the impact of the evaporation velocity and film thickness on the P3HT films processed using two spin‐coating speeds (1000 rpm and 2000 rpm). The structural order and surface morphology were investigated with UV/Vis absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. There is no evidence that the characteristics of the liquid phase P3HT dispersions impact the structures of the films, which is in agreement with a previous study of drop cast P3HT films that were dried over much longer time periods. An association is observed between the extent of aggregation in the liquid phase and the thickness and surface roughness parameters of the films. However, the structural order does not correlate with the thickness of the films, which was previously reported for polymer films processed from amorphous polymer solutions in pure organic solvents. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 330–343
Europäische Datensammlung zur Präimplantationsdiagnostik seit 1999
Authors: Coonen Edith , Goossens Veerle , Geraedts Joep 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Seit 25 Jahren gibt es die Präimplantationsdiagnostik (PID) als Alternative zur Pränataldiagnostik monogener, mitochondrialer und chromosomaler Erkrankungen. Nach In-vitro-Fertilisation (IVF) oder (meist) Intrazytoplasmatischer Spermieninjektion (ICSI) werden entweder Polkörperchen, Blastomere oder Ektodermzellen aus den Oozyten bzw. dem Präimplantationsembryo gewonnen, um sie einer molekularen Diagnostik zu unterziehen. Nichtbetroffene Embryonen werden ausgewählt, um sie in die Gebärmutter einzusetzen, um dadurch einen Schwangerschaftsabbruch zu verhindern.
1997 wurde das ESHRE (European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology) PGD Consortium als Teil der ESHRE-Arbeitsgruppe für Reproduktionsgenetik mit dem Ziel gegründet, in einer Langzeitbeobachtung Effizienz und klinische Ergebnisse der PID zu erfassen. Im Dezember 1999 wurde der erste von inzwischen insgesamt 13 PID-Konsortiumsberichten veröffentlicht. Darüber hinaus wurden in den letzten Jahren (2013–2015) unpublizierte Daten von der Hälfte aller 121 Mitglieder (darunter 89 europäische) des PID-Konsortiums gesammelt.
Auch wenn die Unterschiede nicht mehr so groß sind wie früher, ist die Bandbreite der PID-Gesetzgebung, -Regelwerke und -Angebote in den einzelnen europäischen Ländern noch relativ groß. Dies hat dazu geführt, dass Patienten über die nationalen Grenzen hinweg nach medizinischer Hilfe suchen.
Zu Beginn entsprach das Indikationsspektrum mehr oder weniger demjenigen der Pränataldiagnostik. Interessanterweise wird in einigen Ländern eine zunehmende Anzahl von Tests für spätmanifeste Erkrankungen angeboten, was darauf hinweist, dass für diese Fälle die PID eher akzeptiert wird als die Pränataldiagnostik.
Die wichtigsten chromosomalen Indikationen für PID stellen die reziproken Translokationen dar (sowohl für männliche als auch für weibliche Translokationsträger).
Es ist zu beobachten, dass die Biopsie eines Embryos in sehr frühen Furchungsstadien langsam durch die Blastozystenbiopsie ersetzt wird. Die Fehlgeburtenrate ist nicht erhöht. Die Anzahl der Schwangerschaftsabbrüche ist extrem niedrig. Eine von 6 Schwangerschaften führt zur Geburt von Zwillingen und die Zahl von höheren Mehrlingsschwangerschaften ist sehr begrenzt. In einzelnen Fällen wurde von Fehldiagnosen berichtet.
SADEA-II: A generalized method for efficient global optimization of antenna design
Authors: Liu Bo , Koziel Slawomir , Ali Nazar 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Efficiency improvement is of great significance for simulation-driven antenna design optimization methods based on evolutionary algorithms (EAs). The two main efficiency enhancement methods exploit data-driven surrogate models and/or multi-fidelity simulation models to assist EAs. However, optimization methods based on the latter either need ad hoc low-fidelity model setup or have difficulties in handling problems with more than a few design variables, which is a main barrier for industrial applications. To address this issue, a generalized three stage multi-fidelity-simulation-model assisted antenna design optimization framework is proposed in this paper. The main ideas include introduction of a novel data mining stage handling the discrepancy between simulation models of different fidelities, and a surrogate-model-assisted combined global and local search stage for efficient high-fidelity simulation model-based optimization. This framework is then applied to SADEA, which is a state-of-the-art surrogate-model-assisted antenna design optimization method, constructing SADEA-II. Experimental results indicate that SADEA-II successfully handles various discrepancy between simulation models and considerably outperforms SADEA in terms of computational efficiency while ensuring improved design quality.
Highlights An EFFICIENT antenna design global optimization method for problems requiring very expensive EM simulations. A new multi-fidelity surrogate-model-based optimization framework to perform RELIABLE efficient global optimization A data mining method to address distortions of EM models of different fidelities (bottleneck of multi-fidelity design).
LONGEVITY RISK MANAGEMENT AND SHAREHOLDER VALUE FOR A LIFE ANNUITY BUSINESS
Authors: Blackburn Craig , Hanewald Katja , Olivieri Annamaria , Sherris Michael 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe life annuity business is heavily exposed to longevity risk. Risk transfer solutions are not yet fully developed, and when available they are expensive. A significant part of the risk must therefore be retained by the life insurer. So far, most of the research work on longevity risk has been mainly concerned with capital requirements and specific risk transfer solutions. However, the impact of longevity risk on shareholder value also deserves attention. While it is commonly accepted that a market-consistent valuation should be performed in this respect, the definition of a fair shareholder value for a life insurance business is not trivial. In this paper, we develop a multi-period market-consistent shareholder value model for a life annuity business. The model allows for systematic and idiosyncratic longevity risk and includes the most significant variables affecting shareholder value: the cost of capital (which in a market-consistent setting must be quantified in terms of frictional and agency costs, net of the value of the limited liability put option), policyholder demand elasticity and the cost of alternative longevity risk management solutions, namely indemnity-based and index-based solutions. We show how the model can be used for assessing the impact of different longevity risk management strategies on life insurer shareholder value and solvency.
Pharmaceutical patenting and the transformation of American medical ethics
Authors: GABRIEL JOSEPH M. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe attitudes of physicians and drug manufacturers in the US toward patenting pharmaceuticals changed dramatically from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth. Formerly, physicians and reputable manufacturers argued that pharmaceutical patents prioritized profit over the advancement of medical science. Reputable manufactures refused to patent their goods and most physicians shunned patented products. However, moving into the early twentieth century, physicians and drug manufacturers grew increasingly comfortable with the idea of pharmaceutical patents. In 1912, for example, the American Medical Association dropped the prohibition on physicians holding medical patents. Shifts in wider patenting cultures therefore transformed the ethical sensibilities of physicians.
ASSESSING THE FEASIBILITY OF A BUSINESS AND HUMAN RIGHTS TREATY
Authors: McConnell Lee 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn light of a recent shift in dialogue to hard law standards in the domain of business and human rights, this article provides an in-depth examination of the viability of a business and human rights treaty. It seeks to advance a valid theoretical model for a treaty that directly addresses non-State actors, explores the allocation of responsibility among multiple duty-bearers, and contemplates the scope, content, and enforcement of the potential obligations. By supplementing this analysis with analogies drawn from existing treaty regimes, the article aims to contribute positively to the normative development of international law in the field.
MULTILEVEL LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING BODY MASS INDEX AMONG BANGLADESHI MARRIED NON-PREGNANT WOMEN
Authors: Kamruzzaman Md , Mamun A. S. M. A. , Bakar Sheikh Muhammad Abu , Saw Aik , Kamarul T. , Islam Md Nurul , Hossain Md Golam 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to investigate the socioeconomic and demographic factors influencing the body mass index (BMI) of non-pregnant married Bangladeshi women of reproductive age. Secondary (Hierarchy) data from the 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey, collected using two-stage stratified cluster sampling, were used. Two-level linear regression analysis was performed to remove the cluster effect of the variables. The mean BMI of married non-pregnant Bangladeshi women was 21.60±3.86 kg/m2, and the prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity was 22.8%, 14.9% and 3.2%, respectively. After removing the cluster effect, age and age at first marriage were found to be positively (p<0.01) related with BMI. Number of children was negatively related with women’s BMI. Lower BMI was especially found among women from rural areas and poor families, with an uneducated husband, with no television at home and who were currently breast-feeding. Age, total children ever born, age at first marriage, type of residence, education level, level of husband’s education, wealth index, having a television at home and practising breast-feeding were found to be important predictors for the BMI of married Bangladeshi non-pregnant women of reproductive age. This information could be used to identify sections of the Bangladeshi population that require special attention, and to develop more effective strategies to resolve the problem of malnutrition.
Leishmania donovani development in Phlebotomus argentipes: comparison of promastigote- and amastigote-initiated infections
Authors: SADLOVA JOVANA , MYSKOVA JITKA , LESTINOVA TEREZA , VOTYPKA JAN , YEO MATTHEW , VOLF PETR 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYLeishmania parasites alternate in their life cycle between promastigote stages that develop in the gut of phlebotomine sand flies and amastigotes residing inside phagocytic cells of vertebrate hosts. For experimental infections of sand flies, promastigotes are frequently used as this way of infection is technically easier although ingestion of promastigotes by sand flies is unnatural. Here we aimed to answer a critical question, to what extent do promastigote-initiated experimental infections differ from those initiated with intracellular amastigotes. We performed side-by-side comparison of Leishmania development in Phlebotomus argentipes females infected alternatively with promastigotes from log-phase cultures or amastigotes grown ex vivo in macrophages. Early stage infections showed substantial differences in parasite load and representation of morphological forms. The differences disappeared along the maturation of infections; both groups developed heavy late-stage infections with colonization of the stomodeal valve, uniform representation of infective metacyclics and equal efficiency of transmission. The results showed that studies focusing on early phase of Leishmania development in sand flies should be initiated with intracellular amastigotes. However, the use of promastigote stages for sand fly infections does not alter significantly the final outcome of Leishmania donovani development in P. argentipes and their transmissibility to the vertebrate host.