bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intra‐articular injection of a substance P inhibitor affects gene expression in a joint contracture model
Authors: Morrey Mark E. , Sanchez‐Sotelo Joaquin , Lewallen Eric A. , An Kai‐Nan , Grill Diane E. , Steinmann Scott P. , Yao Jie J. , Salib Christopher G. , Trousdale William H. , Reina Nicolas , Kremers Hilal M. , Lewallen David G. , van Wijnen Andre J. , Abdel Matthew P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSubstance P (SP), a neurotransmitter released after injury, has been linked to deregulated tissue repair and fibrosis in musculoskeletal tissues and other organs. Although SP inhibition is an effective treatment for nausea, it has not been previously considered as an anti‐fibrotic therapy. Although there are extensive medical records of individuals who have used SP antagonists, our analysis of human registry data revealed that patients receiving these antagonists and arthroplasty are exceedingly rare, thus precluding a clinical evaluation of their potential effects in the context of arthrofibrosis. Therefore, we pursued in vivo studies to assess the effect of SP inhibition early after injury on pro‐fibrotic gene expression and contractures in an animal model of post‐traumatic joint stiffening. Skeletally mature rabbits (n = 24) underwent surgically induced severe joint contracture, while injected with either fosaprepitant (a selective SP antagonist) or saline (control) early after surgery (3, 6, 12, and 24 h). Biomechanical testing revealed that differences in mean contracture angles between the groups were not statistically significant (P = 0.27), suggesting that the drug neither mitigates nor exacerbates joint contracture. However, microarray gene expression analysis revealed that mRNA levels for proteins related to cell signaling, pro‐angiogenic, pro‐inflammatory, and collagen matrix production were significantly different between control and fosaprepitant treated rabbits (P < 0.05). Hence, our study demonstrates that inhibition of SP alters expression of pro‐fibrotic genes in vivo. This finding will motivate future studies to optimize interventions that target SP to reduce the formation of post‐traumatic joint contractures.
Long cycles passing through vertices in k‐connected graphs
Authors: Hu Zhiquan , Song Feifei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this article, we consider the following problem proposed by Locke and Zhang in 1991: Let G be a k‐connected graph with minimum degree d and X a set of m vertices on a cycle of G. For which values of m and k, with , must G have a cycle of length at least passing through X? Fujisawa and Yamashita solved this problem for the case and in 2008. We provide an affirmative answer to this problem for the case of and .
Immature pea seeds: effect of storage under modified atmosphere packaging and sanitation with acidified sodium chlorite
Authors: Collado Elena , Venzke Klug Tâmmila , Martínez‐Sánchez Ascensión , Artés‐Hernandez Francisco , Aguayo Encarna , Artés Francisco , Fernández Juan A , Gómez Perla A 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDAppropriate sanitation is a priority for extending the shelf life and promoting the consumption of immature pea seeds, as processing accelerates quality deterioration and microbial growth.RESULTSThe combined effect of disinfection with acidified sodium chlorite (ASC) or sodium hypochlorite (SH) and packaging under a passive modified atmosphere (MAP) at 1 or 4 °C on quality was analysed. After 14 days, greenness and vitamin C had decreased, especially in the SH‐disinfected samples. Total phenols and antioxidant capacity were not affected by disinfection. Proteins levels fell by around 27%, regardless of the sanitizer and storage temperature. Compared with the initial microbial load, samples stored at 1 °C showed an increase of 1 log CFU g−1 in psychrophiles when treated with SH, whereas no increase of note occurred with ASC. In general, microbial counts were always below 3 log CFU g−1 for all the treatments.CONCLUSIONImmature pea seeds could be stored for 14 days at 1–4 °C under MAP with only minor quality changes. Disinfection with ASC resulted in better sensory quality, higher content of vitamin C and lower psychrophile counts. More research is needed to analyse the effect of these treatments on other quality parameters. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Endoscopic Ultrasonography‐Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Can Be Used to Rule Out Malignancy in Autoimmune Pancreatitis Patients
Authors: Sugimoto Mitsuru , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Watanabe Ko , Nakamura Jun , Kikuchi Hitomi , Waragai Yuichi , Takasumi Mika , Sato Yuki , Hikichi Takuto , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to review the suitability of endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) for ruling out malignancy in autoimmune pancreatitis patients.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed 40 autoimmune pancreatitis patients (type 1:37 patients; type 2: two patients; possible autoimmune pancreatitis: one patient) who received EUS‐FNA. Among the 40 autoimmune pancreatitis patients, 34 were not histopathologically diagnosed with autoimmune pancreatitis by EUS‐FNA, and they were followed up for more than 6 months in our hospital. Moreover, 14 pancreatic cancer patients who were not diagnosed by EUS‐FNA were selected as a control group. These 14 patients constituted 3.9% of the 360 pancreatic cancer patients who received EUS‐FNA. We evaluated the prognoses of the 34 autoimmune pancreatitis patients and the clinical differences between these 34 autoimmune pancreatitis patients and the 14 pancreatic cancer patients.ResultsAll 34 autoimmune pancreatitis patients showed reduced pancreatic swelling. The main pancreatic duct dilation ( > 3 mm), the diameter of the main pancreatic duct, the capsule‐like rim sign, and serum CA19‐9 levels were significantly different between the autoimmune pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer patients (2.9% versus 69.2%, P < .01; 1.7 ± 1.6 mm versus 6.8 ± 5.0 mm, P < .01; 79.4% versus 0%, P < .01; 41.4 ± 79.0 U/mL versus 2079.1 ± 275.3 U/mL, P = .02).ConclusionsAlmost all pancreatic cancers can be diagnosed by EUS‐FNA. Furthermore, other clinical characteristics of pancreatic cancer undiagnosed by EUS‐FNA were different from autoimmune pancreatitis undiagnosed by EUS‐FNA. Endoscopic ultrasonography‐guided FNA can be used to rule out malignancy in autoimmune pancreatitis patients.
Quantitative Ultrasound Assessment of Myofascial Pain Syndrome Affecting the Trapezius: A Reliability Study
Authors: Kumbhare Dinesh , Shaw Saurabh , Grosman‐Rimon Liza , Noseworthy Michael D. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectivesMyofascial pain syndrome is one of the most common causes of chronic pain and is highlighted by the presence of myofascial trigger points. The current practice of diagnosing myofascial pain syndrome among clinicians involves manual detection of myofascial trigger points, which can be inconsistent. However, the detection process can be strengthened with the assistance of ultrasound (US). Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the upper trapezius by using quantitative techniques in healthy asymptomatic individuals with neck pain.MethodsStudy participants were recruited on the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria established, and US images of the trapezius, along the axial and longitudinal orientations, were obtained. Each set was obtained by 2 investigators: experienced and inexperienced personnel.ResultsFifteen participants were recruited. The mean gray scale US echo intensity distribution obtained was 41.9. A paired t test of the global mean echo intensity value obtained for each image from the US operators did not show any significant difference (P = .77). A t test was performed, comparing the echo intensity of the group of patients with neck pain and healthy control participants, and the difference was found to be significant (P = .052). The median blob area was 2.71. The quartile range for the blob area was 1.72 for the 25th percentile to 4.90 for the 75th percentile.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that quantitative analysis of the echo intensity of US images can provide important information. However, further research is necessary to explore the relationships among sex, age, blob area, count, body mass index, regional anatomy, and extent of training or exercise of the particular muscle.
Inverse mass matrix via the method of localized lagrange multipliers
Authors: González José A. , Kolman R. , Cho S. S. , Felippa C. A. , Park K. C. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryAn efficient method for generating the mass matrix inverse of structural dynamic problems is presented, which can be tailored to improve the accuracy of target frequency ranges and/or wave contents. The present method bypasses the use of biorthogonal construction of a kernel inverse mass matrix that requires special procedures for boundary conditions and free edges or surfaces and constructs the free‐free inverse mass matrix using the standard FEM procedure. The various boundary conditions are realized by the the method of localized Lagrange multipliers. In particular, the present paper constructs the kernel inverse matrix by using the standard FEM elemental mass matrices. It is shown that the accuracy of the present inverse mass matrix is almost identical to that of a conventional consistent mass matrix or a combination of lumped and consistent mass matrices. Numerical experiments with the proposed inverse mass matrix are conducted to validate its effectiveness when applied to vibration analysis of bars, beams, and plain stress problems.
Clonality analysis of synchronous gastro‐oesophageal junction carcinoma and distal gastric cancer by whole‐exome sequencing
Authors: Xing Xiaofang , Jia Shuqin , Wu Jianmin , Feng Qin , Dong Bin , Li Bo , Jia Yongning , Shan Fei , Li Ying'ai , Zhang Yan , Hu Ying , Wang Xiaodong , Liu Xiangtao , Yu Weishi , Zhang Lianhai , Bu Zhaode , Wu Aiwen , Li Ziyu , Ji Jiafu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGastro‐oesophageal junction (GEJ) carcinoma and distal gastric cancer (GC) have distinct epidemiology and clinical features and their relationship is uncertain. Synchronous multiple gastric cancers located mostly at proximal and distal sites provide rare specimens for investigating the comprehensive genomic relationships among these cancers in the context of identical genetic circumstances. Formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) samples from 12 patients with synchronous GEJ carcinoma and distal GC were collected in this study. Whole‐exome sequencing (WES) was performed using normal tissues as a control. Mutational profiling, clonality analysis, a detailed clinico‐pathological review, determination of MSI status, EBER in situ hybridization (ISH), and programmed cell death 1 (PD‐1)/programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) immunohistochemical staining were performed. Twenty‐three of the 24 samples were microsatellite‐stable (MSS). Subclonal analysis revealed that nine pairs of GEJ and distal GC tumours in neoadjuvant chemotherapy naïve patients developed independently from different origins. Two patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy shared clonal origins with highly similar somatic alterations. The remaining one patient who shared a rare mutation died within 6.2 months at the N3 stage. However, the enriched pathway identified from the overall mutation spectra in distal GC and GEJ carcinoma showed the close relationship of these cancers. Thus, although these cancers may have similar characteristics, histopathological and genetic profiling from single tumour specimens may still underestimate the mutational burden and somatic heterogeneity of multiple GCs. In addition, this series of cases also showed a PD‐L1 expression rate of 58.3% and 66.7% in distal GC and GEJ carcinoma, respectively, with all the cases expressing PD‐1. This result suggests the potential benefit of immunotherapeutic treatments. Copyright © 2017 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polar bear attacks on humans: Implications of a changing climate
Authors: Wilder James M. , Vongraven Dag , Atwood Todd , Hansen Bob , Jessen Amalie , Kochnev Anatoly , York Geoff , Vallender Rachel , Hedman Daryll , Gibbons Melissa 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTUnderstanding causes of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) attacks on humans is critical to ensuring both human safety and polar bear conservation. Although considerable attention has been focused on understanding black (U. americanus) and grizzly (U. arctos) bear conflicts with humans, there have been few attempts to systematically collect, analyze, and interpret available information on human‐polar bear conflicts across their range. To help fill this knowledge gap, a database was developed (Polar Bear‐Human Information Management System [PBHIMS]) to facilitate the range‐wide collection and analysis of human‐polar bear conflict data. We populated the PBHIMS with data collected throughout the polar bear range, analyzed polar bear attacks on people, and found that reported attacks have been extremely rare. From 1870–2014, we documented 73 attacks by wild polar bears, distributed among the 5 polar bear Range States (Canada, Greenland, Norway, Russia, and United States), which resulted in 20 human fatalities and 63 human injuries. We found that nutritionally stressed adult male polar bears were the most likely to pose threats to human safety. Attacks by adult females were rare, and most were attributed to defense of cubs. We judged that bears acted as a predator in most attacks, and that nearly all attacks involved ≤2 people. Increased concern for both human and bear safety is warranted in light of predictions of increased numbers of nutritionally stressed bears spending longer amounts of time on land near people because of the loss of their sea ice habitat. Improved conflict investigation is needed to collect accurate and relevant data and communicate accurate bear safety messages and mitigation strategies to the public. With better information, people can take proactive measures in polar bear habitat to ensure their safety and prevent conflicts with polar bears. This work represents an important first step towards improving our understanding of factors influencing human‐polar bear conflicts. Continued collection and analysis of range‐wide data on interactions and conflicts will help increase human safety and ensure the conservation of polar bears for future generations. © 2017 The Wildlife Society.
Heat stress affects vegetative and reproductive performance and trait correlations in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Xu Jiemeng , Wolters-Arts Mieke , Mariani Celestina , Huber Heidrun , Rieu Ivo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHigh ambient temperature has adverse effects on plant vegetative and reproductive development and reduces crop yield. To better understand the importance of male and female fertility for tomato fruit set ability under high temperature conditions and to test whether heat tolerance levels among and between reproductive and vegetative traits of genotypes correlate with each other, 13 tomato cultivars were subjected to long-term moderate heat (LTMH) or short-term heat shock (STHS), depending on the trait that was evaluated. LTMH caused significant decrease in performance of nearly all reproductive traits, i.e. pollen viability, pollen number, female fertility, seeded-fruit set and flower number per inflorescence, but not in inflorescence number. Considerable variation was found among cultivars, both under control and LTMH conditions. The cultivars Nagcarlang, Saladette and Malintka 101 produced a higher percentage of viable pollen under LTMH. For fruit set under LTMH condition, only cultivars that had been previously reported as being heat-tolerant produced fruits with seeds. STHS negatively affected vegetative traits concerning seedling survival and membrane stability. Correlation analysis revealed relationships between various traits within the control and heat treatments, but not between the two. Under heat stress fruit set was positively correlated with pollen viability, as well as with flower number per inflorescence. However, no significant correlations were found between vegetative and reproductive traits. Our data highlight the prominent role of pollen viability for tomato fertility under LTMH growth conditions. The observed variation in thermotolerance among different cultivars offers the possibility to decipher underlying physiological and genetic mechanisms.
Diagnostics of power setting sensor fault of gas turbine engines using genetic algorithm
Authors: Li Yi-Guang 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTGas path diagnostics is one of the most effective condition monitoring techniques in supporting condition-based maintenance of gas turbines and improving availability and reducing maintenance costs of the engines. The techniques can be applied to the health monitoring of different gas path components and also gas path measurement sensors. One of the most important measurement sensors is that for the engine control, also called the power setting sensor, which is used by the engine control system to control the operation of gas turbine engines. In most of the published research so far, it is rarely mentioned that faults in such sensors have been tackled in either engine control or condition monitoring. The reality is that if such a sensor degrades and has a noticeable bias, it will result in a shift in engine operating condition and misleading diagnostic results.In this paper, the phenomenon of a power-setting sensor fault has been discussed and a gas path diagnostic method based on a Genetic Algorithm (GA) has been proposed for the detection of power-setting sensor fault with and without the existence of engine component degradation and other gas path sensor faults. The developed method has been applied to the diagnostic analysis of a model aero turbofan engine in several case studies. The results show that the GA-based diagnostic method is able to detect and quantify the power-setting sensor fault effectively with the existence of single engine component degradation and single gas path sensor fault. An exceptional situation is that the power-setting sensor fault may not be distinguished from a component fault if both faults have the same fault signature. In addition, the measurement noise has small impact on prediction accuracy. As the GA-based method is computationally slow, it is only recommended for off-line applications. The introduced GA-based diagnostic method is generic so it can be applied to different gas turbine engines.
When is high Reynolds number shear flow not turbulent?
Authors: Balbus Steven A. 
Published: July 2017

Rotating flow in which the angular velocity decreases outward while the angular momentum increases is known as ‘quasi-Keplerian’. Despite the general tendency of shear flow to break down into turbulence, this type of flow seems to maintain stability at very large Reynolds number, even when nonlinearly perturbed, a behaviour that strongly influences our understanding of astrophysical accretion discs. Investigating these flows in the laboratory is difficult because secondary Ekman flows, caused by the retaining Couette cylinders, can become turbulent on their own. A recent high Reynolds number numerical study by Lopez & Avila (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 817, 2017, pp. 21–34) reconciles apparently discrepant laboratory experiments by confirming that this secondary flow recedes toward the axial boundaries of the container as the Reynolds number is increased, a result that enhances our understanding of nonlinear quasi-Keplerian flow stability.
SOME CONVERGENCE THEOREMS IN FOURIER ALGEBRAS
Authors: MUSTAFAYEV HEYBETKULU 
Published: July 2017

Let $G$ be a locally compact amenable group and $A(G)$ and $B(G)$ be the Fourier and the Fourier–Stieltjes algebras of $G,$ respectively. For a power bounded element $u$ of $B(G)$, let ${\mathcal{E}}_{u}:=\{g\in G:|u(g)|=1\}$. We prove some convergence theorems for iterates of multipliers in Fourier algebras.(a) If $\Vert u\Vert _{B(G)}\leq 1$, then $\lim _{n\rightarrow \infty }\Vert u^{n}v\Vert _{A(G)}=\text{dist}(v,I_{{\mathcal{E}}_{u}})\text{ for }v\in A(G)$, where $I_{{\mathcal{E}}_{u}}=\{v\in A(G):v({\mathcal{E}}_{u})=\{0\}\}$.(b) The sequence $\{u^{n}v\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ converges for every $v\in A(G)$ if and only if ${\mathcal{E}}_{u}$ is clopen and $u({\mathcal{E}}_{u})=\{1\}.$(c) If the sequence $\{u^{n}v\}_{n\in \mathbb{N}}$ converges weakly in $A(G)$ for some $v\in A(G)$, then it converges strongly.
Turnout in Local Elections: Evidence from Canadian Cities, 2004–2014
Authors: Breux Sandra , Couture Jérôme , Koop Royce 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe provide the first wide-scale analysis of the factors that influence voter turnout in Canadian local elections. Drawing on original data from 300 municipal elections conducted from 2004 to 2014, we use ordinary least squares regression with panel-corrected standard errors for time series cross-sections to test explanatory hypotheses related to differences in institutional design, the social-spatial context of these elections, and local competitiveness. Our results show that, although institutional and sociospatial factors influence local turnout, the competitiveness of elections exercises the greatest influence on local electoral participation.
Association between pancreatic cancer patients' perception of their care coordination and patient-reported and survival outcomes
Authors: Beesley Vanessa L. , Janda Monika , Burmeister Elizabeth A. , Goldstein David , Gooden Helen , Merrett Neil D. , O'Connell Dianne L. , Wyld David K. , Chan Raymond J. , Young Jane M. , Neale Rachel E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjective:People with pancreatic cancer have poor survival, and management is challenging. Pancreatic cancer patients' perceptions of their care coordination and its association with their outcomes have not been well-studied. Our objective was to determine if perception of care coordination is associated with patient-reported outcomes or survival.Methods:People with pancreatic cancer who were 1–8 months postdiagnosis (52 with completed resection and 58 with no resection) completed a patient-reported questionnaire that assessed their perceptions of care coordination, quality of life, anxiety, and depression using validated instruments. Mean scores for 15 care-coordination items were calculated and then ranked from highest (best experience) to lowest (worst experience). Associations between care-coordination scores (including communication and navigation domains) and patient-reported outcomes and survival were investigated using general linear regression and Cox regression, respectively. All analyses were stratified by whether or not the tumor had been resected.Results:In both groups, the highest-ranked care-coordination items were: knowing who was responsible for coordinating care, health professionals being informed about their history, and waiting times. The worst-ranked items related to: how often patients were asked about visits with other health professionals and how well they and their family were coping, knowing the symptoms they should monitor, having sufficient emotional help from staff, and access to additional specialist services. For people who had a resection, better communication and navigation scores were significantly associated with higher quality of life and less anxiety and depression. However, these associations were not statistically significant for those with no resection. Perception of cancer care coordination was not associated with survival in either group.Significance of results:Our results suggest that, while many core clinical aspects of care are perceived to be done well for pancreatic cancer patients, improvements in emotional support, referral to specialist services, and self-management education may improve patient-reported outcomes.