bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dosing patterns and medication adherence in bipolar disorder patients treated with lurasidone: a US retrospective claims database analysis
Authors: Sajatovic Martha , Ng-Mak Daisy , Solem Caitlyn T. , Lin Fang-Ju , Rajagopalan Krithika , Loebel Antony 
Published: October 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to describe dosing patterns and medication adherence among bipolar patients who initiated lurasidone in a real-world setting. Methods: Adult bipolar patients who initiated lurasidone between 1 November 2010 and 31 December 2012 (index period) with 6-month pre- and post-index continuous enrollment were identified from the IMS RWD Adjudicated Claims US database. Patients were grouped by starting lurasidone daily dose: 20 mg (7.1%), 40 mg (62.2%), 60–80 mg (28.7%), and 120–160 mg (2.1%). Patient characteristics were compared across doses using Cochran–Armitage trend tests. Multivariable ordinal logistic regression assessed the association between initial lurasidone dose and patient characteristics. Medication adherence was measured using medication possession ratio (MPR). Results: Of 1114 adult bipolar patients (mean age 40.6 years, 70.6% female), 90% initiated lurasidone at 40 mg or 80 mg/day (mean 51.9 mg/day). Of these, 16.2% initiated lurasidone as monotherapy. Mean lurasidone maintenance dose was 55.2 mg/day and mean MPR was 0.53 [standard deviation (SD) = 0.34] over the 6-month follow up. Substance use, hyperglycemia, obesity, and prior antipsychotic use were associated with higher initial lurasidone doses ( p < 0.05). Odds of a 20 mg/day increase in initial lurasidone dose was 1.6-times higher for patients with substance use [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16−2.24], 2.6-times higher with hyperglycemia problems (95% CI: 1.15−5.83), 1.7-times higher with obesity (95% CI: 1.05−2.60), and 1.3 (95% CI: 1.01−1.78) and 1.8-times higher (95% CI: 1.17−2.86) with prior use of second- and first-generation antipsychotics, respectively. Conclusions: This real-world analysis of bipolar patients indicated that 40 mg or 80 mg/day were the most common starting doses of lurasidone. A majority of patients used concomitant psychiatric medications (polypharmacy). Higher doses of lurasidone were prescribed to patients with comorbidities or prior antipsychotic use. Adherence to lurasidone was comparable to or better than antipsychotic adherence reported in bipolar disorder literature.
Switching away from pipotiazine palmitate: a naturalistic study
Authors: Mustafa Feras Ali 
Published: October 2016

Background: In March 2015, pipotiazine palmitate depot antipsychotic was globally withdrawn due to the shortage of its active ingredient. Thus, all patients receiving this medication had to be switched to an alternative antipsychotic drug. In this study we set to evaluate the process of switching away from pipotiazine palmitate within our clinical service, and its impact on hospitalization. Methods: Demographic and clinical data on patients who were receiving pipotiazine palmitate in Northamptonshire at the time of its withdrawal were anonymously extracted from their electronic records and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A total of 17 patients were switched away from pipotiazine palmitate at the time of its withdrawal, all of whom had a prior history of nonadherence with oral treatment. A total of 14 patients were switched to another depot antipsychotic drug, while three patients chose an oral alternative which they subsequently discontinued resulting in relapse and hospitalization. There was a five-fold increase in mean hospitalization among patients who completed a year after the switch. Conclusion: Switching away from pipotiazine palmitate was associated with significant clinical deterioration in patients who switched to an oral antipsychotic, whereas most patients who switched to another depot treatment maintained stability. Clinicians should exercise caution when switching patients with schizophrenia away from depot antipsychotic drugs, especially in cases of patients with a history of treatment nonadherence who prefer to switch to oral antipsychotics.
Understanding the relationship transitions and associated end of life clinical needs of young adults with life-limiting illnesses: A triangulated longitudinal qualitative study
Authors: Johnston Bridget , Jindal-Snape Divya , Pringle Jan , Gold Libby , Grant Jayne , Dempsey Raymond , Scott Ros , Carragher Pat 
Published: October 2016

Background: Care of young adults with life-limiting illnesses can often be complex due to the fact that they are growing and developing within the continuing presence of their illness. There is little research conducted nationally and internationally, which has examined the life issues of young adults or taken a longitudinal approach to understand such issues over a period of time. Aim: To gain clear understanding of one particular and pertinent life issue—relationship transition—occurring in the context of being a young adult with a life-limiting illness and the clinical needs arising from this. Design: This was a triangulated, longitudinal, qualitative study involving young adults with life-limiting illnesses and their significant others, namely, family members and healthcare professionals. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants and analysed using thematic analysis. Clinical case note reviews were also carried out. Setting/participants: A total of 12 young adults (aged between 17 and 23 years) from 2 hospices and 22 nominated significant others participated in a total of 58 interviews. Results: Thematic analysis revealed 4 main themes and 11 subthemes. The main themes were ‘Dependence dichotomy’, ‘In it together’, ‘Biographical uncertainty’, and ‘Conserving integrity’. These themes helped to establish the nature of relationship transitions that the young adult participants from the study experienced and additionally allowed insight into their possible needs at their end of life. Conclusion: This study has identified the nature of relationship transitions pertinent to young adults and has highlighted associated end of life clinical needs. This study can influence further research into the transitions and end of life needs of this particular patient group receiving palliative care, while informing the lacking evidence base which exists internationally.
Recurrent pyriform sinus fistula successfully treated by endoscopic Glubran 2 sealing: A rare case and literature review
Authors: Di Nardo Giovanni , Valentini Valentino , Angeletti Diletta , Frediani Simone , Iannella Giannicola , Cozzi Denis , Roggini Mario , Magliulo Giuseppe 
Published: October 2016

Objectives: The authors present the case of a 3-year-old girl with a history of complicated surgery for removing a third branchial cleft fistula. Methods: An endoscopic approach using N-butyl-2-acrylate and metacrilosisolfolane glue (GLUBRAN 2) to seal the fistula was performed. Results: The clinical and radiological 6-year follow-up confirmed the absence of the fistulous orifice and the persistence of scar due to previous open-neck surgical procedures. Conclusion: endoscopic Glubran 2 sealing has been an effective treatment procedure for branchial fistula.
Related or not? Development of spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a patient with chronic, well-controlled HIV: A case report and review of the literature
Authors: Babi M-Alain , Kraft Bryan D , Sengupta Sweta , Peterson Haley , Orgel Ryan , Wegermann Zachary , Lugogo Njira L , Luedke Matthew W 
Published: October 2016

Background: We report a novel case of a rare disease: spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease in a patient with well-controlled HIV. We explore the relationship between spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease and HIV. Case report: A 66-year-old man with long-standing, well-controlled HIV infection presented with 3 months of progressive, subacute neurocognitive decline. His symptoms included conceptual apraxia, apathy, memory impairment, and gait disturbance, and were initially attributed to depressive “pseudo-dementia.” Unfortunately, the patient’s symptoms rapidly progressed and he ultimately succumbed to his illness. Autopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis of spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease. Discussion: This case highlights spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease as a rare terminal illness in the setting of well-controlled chronic HIV. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with chronic and previously well-controlled HIV infection dying from a prion disease. Despite the very different epidemiology and pathophysiology of HIV and spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease, this case does raise questions of whether certain host genetic factors could predispose to both conditions, albeit currently, there is no clear causal link between HIV and spontaneous Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease.
Findings and Predictors of Patient-Reported Experience of Primary Health Care in Nigeria
Authors: Ogaji Daprim S , Giles Sally , Daker-White Gavin , Bower Peter 
Published: October 2016

Objective: The study reports findings and patients’ characteristics that predict their experiences of primary health care (PHC) in Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 1680 patients attending 24 primary health centers in 6 states from the 6 geopolitical subdivisions in Nigeria. The patient evaluation scale was used for exit survey of patients’ experiences with PHC. Categorical findings and mean ratings on experiences of PHC were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean response rate was 98%, and most respondents were female (73%) and married (72%). A higher proportion of patients gave positive feedback on their relationships with staff (84%) than they did available space in the waiting area (60%). Higher self-rated health status and nonpayment for care at the point of receipt were consistent predictors of positive patient experiences from the multilevel analysis. Conclusion: Study reported findings and drivers of patient experiences with PHC. Aspects of PHC showing less positive patient experiences and some patients’ factors associated with these are amenable to change and can form the focus of quality improvement actions.
An oxidative stress-based mechanism of doxorubicin cytotoxicity suggests new therapeutic strategies in ABC-DLBCL
Authors: Mai Yun , Yu J. Jessica , Bartholdy Boris , Xu-Monette Zijun Y. , Knapp Esther E. , Yuan Fei , Chen Hongshan , Ding B. Belinda , Yao Zhihua , Das Bhaskar , Zou Yiyu , Young Ken He , Parekh Samir , Ye B. Hilda 
Published: October 2016

Key PointsDox causes DNA damage inefficiently in ABC-DLBCL because of preferential cytoplasmic localization. STAT3 promotes resistance to ROS-mediated Dox cytotoxicity by upregulating the expression of SOD2.
Imaging of Congenital Malformations
Authors: McVige Jennifer W. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose of Review: Intracranial congenital malformations are anomalies of brain development caused by genetic and environmental influences. This article discusses common intracranial congenital malformations, presents the associated neuroimaging findings, and discusses how appropriate identification of intracranial anomalies can impact diagnosis and treatment.

Recent Findings: Advances in neuroimaging techniques and genetic research have led to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of many congenital malformations, adding insight into their clinical relevance and the intricate relationship between critical periods of development, genetic predisposition, and environmental insults. When one malformation is discovered, a high likelihood of more malformations exists. In some instances, the intracranial anomalies will lead to the diagnosis of a particular neurologic syndrome, which may, in turn, lead to modification of a plan of care.

Summary: Knowledge of congenital malformations and their appearance on imaging sequences is essential to improve clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients.
A Novel and Facile Route for the Electrosynthesis of Ho2O3 Nanoparticles and Its Nanocomposite with p-Type Conductive Polymer: Characterisation and Electrochemical Performance
Authors: Shiri Hamid Mohammad , Ehsani Ali 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, a simple and rapid electrochemical method has been carried out to prepare Holmium oxide (Ho2O3) nanoparticles and composite film to serve as the active material in an energy storage electrode. Hybrid films of poly ortho aminophenol (POAP) and Ho2O3 were obtained through potentiodynamic deposition from solutions of ortho aminophenol and Ho2O3. The hybrid films demonstrated characteristic redox behaviors of POAP in acidic aqueous solution. Structural and morphological characterizations of Ho2O3 and composite film were carried out using powder X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. Their electrochemical properties were also investigated using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge–discharge and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Electrosynthesized composite had excellent properties in the capacitance and a columbic efficiency of 94%. This work introduces new nanocomposite materials for energy storage electrodes with advantages including ease of synthesis, high active surface area and stability in an aqueous electrolyte.
TECHNOLOGICAL MODE EFFECT OF FINISH GRINDING ON TRIBOTECHNICAL INDICES OF SURFACES MACHINED
Authors: Суслов Анатолий , Suslov Anatoliy , Бишутин Сергей , Bishutin Sergey , Сакало Владимир , Sakalo Vladimir 
Published: October 2016

Grinding is the most common finish stage of friction surface machining. The surface machined is transferred in a non-equilibrium state in consequence of thermal and power effect at grinding. During friction part material strives for a more equilibrium state in microcontacts of surface layers due to the presence of a considerable share of a defect phase formed at finish grinding. It is evident that the process of the material transition from a nonequilibrium state (after grinding) into a more equilibrium state (at surface runningin) and mainly defines the character of modes and finish grinding effect upon surface tribotechnical indices (wear intensity, runningin period, constant of friction).
The researches were carried out in two stages. In the first stage at the expense of changes of grinding depth and time of surface sparking-out (that is, the intensity and duration of thermal and power effect of grinding on a sample) there were formed surface layers with different parameters on steel samples. In the second stage of investigations there were carried out tribotechnical tests of grinded samples under the same conditions and, in such a way the effect of grinding modes on surface durability was evaluated.
On the basis of the results there were revealed the dependences of sample wear on test time and also dependences for the computation of wear intensity in grinded surfaces made of different structural materials.
It is shown that at the abrasion there are possi-bilities for considerable increase (up to several times) of machinery surfaces durability by means of grinding depth changes and time of surface sparkingout, as these technological modes define the intensity and duration of thermal and power effects of abrasion upon a surface layer.
An Analysis of the Differences among Log Scaling Methods and Actual Log Volume
Authors: Thomas R. Edward , Bennett Neal D. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Log rules estimate the volume of green lumber that can be expected to result from the sawing of a log. As such, this ability to reliably predict lumber recovery forms the foundation of log sales and purchase. The more efficient a sawmill, the less the scaling methods reflect the actual volume recovery and the greater the overrun factor. Using high-resolution scanned log data and the RAYSAW hardwood log sawing simulator, we compared recovery results for a 32-log sample with data from other mills and examined the overrun factors for common log scaling methods. With the sample logs, we saw underruns as low as −31.9 percent and overruns as high as 159.4 percent depending on log rule and log characteristics. Given the measurement accuracy of laser profiling systems and computing speed, it is relatively easy to determine log volume and recovery both quickly and with heretofore unknown accuracy. The log rules commonly in use today were all developed over 100 years ago: Doyle in 1825, Scribner in 1846, and International ¼-Inch in 1906. Both the logs from the forest and processing methods and equipment in the mills have changed since then. As such, the log rules are not as relevant to modern mills and today's timber supply as they once were. Given modern developments in laser measurement systems, mill operators have much better tools available to access log supply.
Global W
1,p(·)
estimate for renormalized solutions of quasilinear equations with measure data on Reifenberg domains
Authors: Bui The Anh 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we prove the gradient estimate for renormalized solutions to quasilinear elliptic equations with measure data on variable exponent Lebesgue spaces with BMO coefficients in a Reifenberg flat domain.
Working toward a synthesis
Authors: Langacker Ronald W. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAlthough Cognitive Linguistics represents a recontextualization with respect to prior tradition, internally it has been diverse and grounded from the outset. In design and principle, this holds for Cognitive Grammar, which seeks a comprehensive yet unified account of structure and use. It foreshadowed the “social turn” by claiming that the speaker-hearer interaction is inherent in linguistic units, which are abstracted from usage events; and also the “quantitative turn”, by its usage-based nature and the view that structure resides in processing activity. There is no single way of describing a language, just as there is no single way of describing a biological organism. Linguistics is thus a vast, multifaceted enterprise embracing a wide range of objectives, methods, and expertise. A number of points are made in this regard. (i) While corpus analysis is essential for many purposes, elicited and introspective data also have their place. (ii) With no inconsistency, language is validly characterized as both a cognitive/mental phenomenon and a social/interactive one. (iii) The fact that language resides in processing activity does not entail the absence of discreteness or the non-existence of complex structures. (iv) The importance of quantitative methods does not obviate the central role of structural analysis and description, which have equal claim to being empirical.
The sociolinguistics of gender, social status and masculinity in Aristophanes
Authors: McDonald Katherine 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article explores variation in the language of male characters in the plays of the Athenian playwright Aristophanes, usingThesmophoriazusaeandFrogsas in-depth case studies. Studies of modern languages have shown that men’s linguistic practices can be just as marked for gender as women’s, and the data from these plays bears this out. Using past work on ‘female speech’ as a starting point, this article explores the incidence of gendered markers in male characters’ speech, and shows that some of these features characterise not just gender but the intersection of different aspects of identity including gender, social class and sexuality. These features include particular oaths, obscenities, certain uses of the particlege, hedging and politeness strategies. The article shows that a lack of male-associated speech markers is enough to characterise a male Greek speaker as ‘unmanly’, without the addition of female-associated speech markers.
Progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in obese children and adolescents: a 3–6-year cohort study in southern Thailand
Authors: Jaruratanasirikul Somchit , Thammaratchuchai Sudarat , Puwanant Maneerat , Mo-suwan Ladda , Sriplung Hutcha 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:Childhood obesity is associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in asymptomatic obese children and adolescents, and determined the percentage of T2DM development after 3–6 years of follow-up.Methods:During 2007–2013, 177 obese children and adolescents who had normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG<100 mg/dL) were given an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The participants were classified into four groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), NGT-hyperinsulinemia (NGT-HI), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Blood chemistries, including FPG, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profiles, and liver function test were performed every 6–12 months or when the patient developed any symptom or sign indicative of diabetes.Results:Glucose metabolism alterations were detected in 81.4% of the participants: 63.8% with NGT-HI, 15.3% with IGT, and 2.3% with T2DM. The median levels of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with IGT (8.63) were significantly greater than those in the patients with NGT (4.04) (p<0.01). During the follow-up, 22 patients (14.4%) developed T2DM significantly more from the IGT group (nine of 33 cases, 27.3%) than the NGT-HI group (12 of 108 cases, 11.1%) (p=0.022). The predicting parameters for T2DM conversion were weight status, body mass index (BMI), FBG, fasting insulin, alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and HOMA-IR.Conclusions:Glucose metabolism alteration was commonly found among obese adolescents. Factors associated with T2DM development were greater weight status and the severity of insulin resistance as shown by higher HOMA-IR levels.
Association between the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in Korean adolescents: a nationwide population-based study
Authors: Park Jae-Min , Lee Jee-Yon , Dong Jae June , Lee Duk-Chul , Lee Yong-Jae 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:Studies have suggested the triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (TG/HDL-C) as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance. However, few studies have examined the association between TG/HDL-C and insulin resistance in the general adolescent population. This study aimed to examine the association between TG/HDL-C and insulin resistance in a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents.Methods:A total of 2649 participants aged 12–18 years were selected from the 2007 to 2010 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Insulin resistance was defined as the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values greater than the 80th percentile.Results:The mean values of most cardiometabolic variables increased proportionally with TG/HDL-C quartiles. Compared to individuals in the lowest TG/HDL-C quartile, the odds ratio for insulin resistance for individuals in the highest quartile was 2.91 in boys and 2.38 in girls after adjusting for confounding variables.Conclusions:This study suggests that TG/HDL-C could be a convenient marker for identifying Korean adolescents with insulin resistance.
Contextualising Translator Training: Defining Social, Professional and Disciplinary Requirements
Authors: Plaza-Lara Cristina 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn order to adapt universities to the social, disciplinary and professional needs, we consider it necessary to contextualise the professional profiles of translators. The main groups involved in the educational process are translation teachers and researchers, employers and students/graduates, and their contribution to the definition of professional profiles is essential. Therefore, in this article we will focus on studies about professional profiles from the following perspectives: translation market studies, academic research, research on labour market insertion and students’ expectations. These studies will allow us to draw conclusions that could be applied during curricular design.