bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TGF-β signalling and PEG10 are mutually exclusive and inhibitory in chondrosarcoma cells
Authors: Shinohara Naohiro , Maeda Shingo , Yahiro Yuhei , Sakuma Daisuke , Matsuyama Kanehiro , Imamura Katsuyuki , Kawamura Ichiro , Setoguchi Takao , Ishidou Yasuhiro , Nagano Satoshi , Komiya Setsuro 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHistological distinction between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma is difficult because of a lack of definitive biomarkers. Here, we found highly active transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signalling in human chondrosarcomas compared with enchondromas by immunohistochemistry of phosphorylated SMAD3 and SMAD1/5. In contrast, the chondrogenic master regulator SOX9 was dramatically down-regulated in grade 1 chondrosarcoma. Paternally expressed gene 10 (PEG10) was identified by microarray analysis as a gene overexpressed in chondrosarcoma SW1353 and Hs 819.T cells compared with C28/I2 normal chondrocytes, while TGF-β1 treatment, mimicking higher grade tumour conditions, suppressed PEG10 expression. Enchondroma samples exhibited stronger expression of PEG10 compared with chondrosarcomas, suggesting a negative association of PEG10 with malignant cartilage tumours. In chondrosarcoma cell lines, application of the TGF-β signalling inhibitor, SB431542, increased the protein level of PEG10. Reporter assays revealed that PEG10 repressed TGF-β and BMP signalling, which are both SMAD pathways, whereas PEG10 knockdown increased the level of phosphorylated SMAD3 and SMAD1/5/9. Our results indicate that mutually exclusive expression of PEG10 and phosphorylated SMADs in combination with differentially expressed SOX9 is an index to distinguish between enchondroma and chondrosarcoma, while PEG10 and TGF-β signalling are mutually inhibitory in chondrosarcoma cells.
Growth factors regulate phospholipid biosynthesis in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes obtained from osteoarthritic knees
Authors: Sluzalska Katarzyna D. , Liebisch Gerhard , Wilhelm Jochen , Ishaque Bernd , Hackstein Holger , Schmitz Gerd , Rickert Markus , Steinmeyer Juergen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractElevated levels of growth factors and phospholipids (PLs) have been found in osteoarthritic synovial fluid (SF), although the metabolic regulation of PLs is currently unknown. This study aimed to determine the effects of growth factors on the biosynthesis of PLs by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) obtained from human osteoarthritic knee joints. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was applied to analyse the newly synthesized PLs. In the presence of stable isotope-labelled PL precursors, cultured FLS were treated with either transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, BMP-7 or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) alone or in combination with specific inhibitors of cell signalling pathways. TGF-β1 and IGF-1 markedly stimulated the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) before sphingomyelin (SM) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species were stimulated. BMPs elaborated less pronounced effects. The BMPs tested have different potentials to induce the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and PE-based plasmalogens. Our study shows for the first time that TGF-β1 and IGF-1 substantially regulate the biosynthesis of PC, SM and LPC in human FLS. The functional consequences of elevated levels of PLs require additional study. The BMPs tested may be joint protective in that they upregulate PE-based plasmalogens that function as endogenous antioxidants against reactive oxygen species.
New magnetostratigraphic evidence for the age of Acheulean tools at the archaeo-palaeontological site “Solana del Zamborino” (Guadix – Baza Basin, S Spain)
Authors: Álvarez-Posada C. , Parés J. M. , Sala R. , Viseras C. , Pla-Pueyo S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe sedimentary record in the Guadix-Baza Basin (southern Spain) has proved to be a great source of information for the Miocene through the Pleistocene periods, due to the abundant faunal remains preserved, in some cases associated with lithic tools. The Solana del Zamborino (SZ) section has been the subject of controversy ever since a magnetostratigraphic analysis resulted in an age of 750–770 Kyr for Acheulean tools, a chronology significantly older than the ~600 Kyr established chronology for the first Acheulean record in Europe. Although recent findings at the “Barranc de la Boella” site (north-east of the Iberian Peninsula) seem to indicate that an earlier introduction of such technique in Europe around 0.96–0.781 Ma is possible, the precise age of the classical site at SZ is still controversial. The aim of this paper is to constrain the chronology of the site by developing a longer magnetostratigraphic record. For this purpose, we carried out an exhaustive sampling in a new succession at SZ. Our results provide a ~65 m magnetostratigraphic record in which 4 magnetozones of normal polarity are found. Our new magnetostratigraphic data suggest an age range between 300–480 Kyr for the lithic tools, closer to the age of traditional Acheulean sites in Europe.
Zebrafish aversive taste co-receptor is expressed in both chemo- and mechanosensory cells and plays a role in lateral line development
Authors: Mojib Nazia , Xu Jin , Bartolek Zinka , Imhoff Barry , McCarty Nael A. , Shin Chong Hyun , Kubanek Julia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFishes rely on both chemical and tactile senses to orient themselves to avoid predators, and to detect and taste food. This is likely achieved by highly coordinated reception of signals by mechano- and chemosensory receptors in fish. A small co-receptor from zebrafish, receptor activity modifying protein (RAMP)-like triterpene glycoside receptor (RL-TGR), was previously found to be involved in recognition of triterpene glycosides, a family of naturally occurring compounds that act as chemical defenses in various prey species. However, its localization, function, and how it impacts sensory organ development in vivo is not known. Here we show that RL-TGR is expressed in zebrafish in both i) apical microvilli of the chemosensory cells of taste buds including the epithelium of lips and olfactory epithelium, and ii) mechanosensory cells of neuromasts belonging to the lateral line system. Loss-of-function analyses of RL-TGR resulted in significantly decreased number of neuromasts in the posterior lateral line system and decreased body length, suggesting that RL-TGR is involved in deposition and migration of the neuromasts. Collectively, these results provide the first in vivo genetic evidence of sensory cell-specific expression of this unusual co-receptor and reveal its additional role in the lateral line development in zebrafish.
An endophytic microbe from an unusual volcanic swamp corn seeks and inhabits root hair cells to extract rock phosphate
Authors: Shehata Hanan R. , Dumigan Christopher , Watts Sophia , Raizada Manish N. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the animal microbiome, localization of microbes to specific cell types is well established, but there are few such examples within the plant microbiome which includes endophytes. Endophytes are non-pathogenic microbes that inhabit plants. Root hairs are single cells, equivalent to the nutrient-absorbing intestinal microvilli of animals, used by plants to increase the root surface area for nutrient extraction from soil including phosphorus (P). There has been significant interest in the microbiome of intestinal microvilli but less is known about the root hair microbiome. Here we describe a bacterial endophyte (3F11) from Zea nicaraguensis, a wild corn discovered in a Nicaraguan swamp above rock-P lava flowing from the San Cristobal volcano. Rock-P is insoluble and a major challenge for plants. Following seed coating and germination on insoluble-P, the endophyte colonized epidermal surfaces, ultimately colonizing root hairs intracellularly. The endophyte promoted root hair growth and secreted acids to solubilize rock-P for uptake by a larger root hair surface. The most interesting observation was that a seed-coated endophyte targeted and colonized a critical cell type, root hair cells, consistent with earlier studies. The endophyte maintained its targeting ability in two evolutionary divergent hosts, suggesting that the host recognition machinery is conserved.
Working Memory and Speech Comprehension in Older Adults With Hearing Impairment
Authors: Nagaraj Naveen K. 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThis study examined the relationship between working memory (WM) and speech comprehension in older adults with hearing impairment (HI). It was hypothesized that WM would explain significant variance in speech comprehension measured in multitalker babble (MTB).MethodTwenty-four older (59–73 years) adults with sensorineural HI participated. WM capacity (WMC) was measured using 3 complex span tasks. Speech comprehension was assessed using multiple passages, and speech identification ability was measured using recall of sentence final-word and key words. Speech measures were performed in quiet and in the presence of MTB at + 5 dB signal-to-noise ratio.ResultsResults suggested that participants' speech identification was poorer in MTB, but their ability to comprehend discourse in MTB was at least as good as in quiet. WMC did not explain significant variance in speech comprehension before and after controlling for age and audibility. However, WMC explained significant variance in low-context sentence key words identification in MTB.ConclusionsThese results suggest that WMC plays an important role in identifying low-context sentences in MTB, but not when comprehending semantically rich discourse passages. In general, data did not support individual variability in WMC as a factor that predicts speech comprehension ability in older adults with HI.
Design of ultra‐thin closely spaced dual‐band bandpass frequency selective surface
Authors: Yang Shilin , Chen Qiang , Bai Jiajun , Fu Yunqi 
Published: October 2017

An ultra‐thin compact frequency selective surface with dual passband, which can be independently tuned, has been designed. It produces two passbands at 8.2 and 11.4 GHz with transmission zeros on both sides of the passband to improve frequency selectivity. The electromagnetic coupling structure makes the overall structure ultra‐thin, and the single‐ended short resonator reduces the unit size. Simulation was performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the design.
Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities with sheared magnetic fields in partially ionised plasmas
Authors: Ruderman M. S. , Ballai I. , Khomenko E. , Collados M. 
Published: October 2017

Aims. In the present study we investigate the nature of the magnetic Rayleigh-Taylor instability appearing at a tangential discontinuity in a partially ionised plasma when the effect of magnetic shear is taken into account.
Methods. The partially ionised character of the plasma is described by the ambipolar diffusion in the induction equation. The dynamics of the plasma is investigated in a single-fluid approximation. After matching the solutions on both sides of the interface we derive a dispersion equation and calculate the instability increment using analytical methods for particular cases of parameters, and numerical investigation for a wide range of parameters.
Results. We calculated the dependence of the instability increment on the perturbation wavenumber. We also calculated the dependence of the maximum instability increment on the shear angle of the magnetic field for various values of the ionisation degree.
Conclusions. Our results show that the Rayleigh-Taylor instability becomes sensitive to the degree of plasma ionisation only for plasmas with small values of plasma beta and in a very weakly ionised state. Perturbations are unstable only for those wavenumbers that are below a cut-off value.
Current Concepts in Extra-articular Impingement of the Hip: Clinical Diagnosis, Imaging, and Treatment
Authors: Koles Sarah , Salat Peter , Veljkovic Andrea , Marín-Peña Óliver , Kassarjian Ara 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHip impingement syndromes, particularly femoroacetabular impingement syndrome, have attracted tremendous attention in the past decade. We address some of the less common hip impingement syndromes, mainly the extra-articular hip impingement syndromes. The clinical presentation, imaging, and treatment of anterior, posterior, and lateral hip impingement syndromes are discussed.
Ein Modell für frühkindliches Innenschielen: dissoziiertes Schielen als Folge sensorischer interhemisphärischer Dissoziation und gekreuzte Dominanz im Hirnstamm
Authors: ten Tusscher Marcel 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungÜber eine Zeitspanne von 150 Mio. Jahren entwickelten sich die Säugetiere, Vögel und modernen Reptilien aus den Urreptilien. Greifvögel und ein Teil der Säugetiere haben frontal ausgerichtete Orbitae. Damit konnten, auf Kosten eines geringeren Gesichtsfelds, korrespondierendes Binokularsehen, spontane Augenbewegungen, die Auge-Hand-Koordination, eine ungekreuzte Sehbahn und Verbindungen zwischen den Großhirnhemisphären entstehen. Die folgende Größenzunahme der Großhirnrinde und der Hemisphärenverbindungen spielen dabei eine wichtige Rolle für das Binokularsehen und das frühkindliche Schielen. Wir haben die Verbindungen der Hemisphären über das Corpus callosum und die vordere Kommissur bei infantiler Esotropie, Corpus-callosum-Unterentwicklung und bei Kontrollprobanden mittels Diffusion Tensor Imaging und Traktografie untersucht. Abweichende Leitungsbahnen aus V1 und V2, die durch die vordere Kommissur liefen, konnten bei einem Probanden mit Corpus-callosum-Unterentwicklung nachgewiesen werden. Die anderen Individuen zeigten visuelle Verbindungen der Hemisphären einzig durch das Corpus callosum. Bei den Individuen mit infantiler Esotropie waren die visuellen Fasern des Corpus callosum zahlreicher und nicht wie bei Normalprobanden auf den visuellen Bereich eng um die vertikale Mittellinie beschränkt. Sehbahnen von Lebewesen mit korrespondierendem Binokularsehen zeigen typischerweise auch ungekreuzte Fasern der retinalen Ganglienzellen und verbindende Fasern zwischen den Hemisphären. Um die Seheindrücke der überlappenden Gesichtsfeldbereiche beider Augen zu fusionieren, verbinden sich die ungekreuzten, der temporalen Netzhaut entsprechenden Leitungsbahnen mit der kontralateralen Hemisphäre über die interhemisphärischen Verbindungen. Die primäre Verbindung zwischen den Hemisphären bei plazentalen Säugetieren ist das Corpus callosum, während diese Rolle bei anderen Tieren der vorderen Kommissur zukommt. Das würde bedeuten, dass eine beeinträchtigte Entwicklung des Binokularsehens direkt auf die Entwicklung der Leitungsbahnen der ungekreuzt projizierenden Ganglienzellen und der hemisphärenverbindenden Fasern wirkt. Dies deutet auf eine Entwicklungskonkurrenz zwischen den beiden Kommissuren mit dem Corpus callosum hin, die unter normalen und den meisten pathologischen Bedingungen die Kommissuren bevorzugt. Deshalb kann sich auch bei einer Unterentwicklung des Corpus callosum über die vordere Kommissur Binokularität entwickeln. Wenn diese Entwicklung der kortikalen Binokularität scheitert, bleibt eine gekreuzte Dominanz in den Kernen des Hirnstamms vorhanden. Diese gekreuzte Dominanz hat ein dissoziiertes Schielen als Folge.
Intradialytic Hypertension Frequency and Short-Term Clinical Outcomes Among Individuals Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis
Authors: Assimon Magdalene M , Wang Lily , Flythe Jennifer E 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Intradialytic hypertension occurs in 5–20% of hemodialysis treatments. Observational data support an association between intradialytic hypertension and long-term mortality. However, the short-term consequences of recurrent intradialytic hypertension are unknown.

METHODS
Data were taken from a cohort of prevalent hemodialysis patients receiving treatment at a large United States dialysis organization on 1 January 2010. A retrospective cohort design with a 180-day baseline, 30-day exposure assessment, and 30-day follow-up period was used to estimate the associations between intradialytic hypertension frequency and 30-day outcomes. Intradialytic hypertension frequency was defined as the proportion of exposure period hemodialysis treatments with a predialysis to postdialysis systolic blood pressure rise &gt;0 mm Hg. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression, adjusted for baseline clinical, laboratory, and dialysis treatment covariates, was used to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

RESULTS
Of the 37,094 study patients, 5,242 (14.1%), 17,965 (48.4%), 10,821 (29.2%), 3,066 (8.3%) had intradialytic hypertension in 0%, 1–32%, 33–66%, and ≥67% of exposure period treatments, respectively. More frequent intradialytic hypertension was associated with incremental increases in 30-day mortality and hospitalizations. Patients with intradialytic hypertension in ≥67% (vs. 0%) of exposure period treatments had the highest risk of all-cause death, hazard ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.57 [1.68, 3.94]; cardiovascular (CV) death, 3.68 [1.89, 7.15]; all-cause hospitalizations, 1.42 [1.26, 1.62]; CV hospitalizations, 1.71 [1.36, 2.15]; and volume-related hospitalizations, 2.25 [1.25, 4.04].

CONCLUSIONS
Among prevalent hemodialysis patients, more frequent intradialytic hypertension was incrementally associated with increased 30-day morbidity and mortality. Intradialytic hypertension may be an important short-term risk marker in the hemodialysis population.
SAGE2: parallel human genome assembly
Authors: Molnar Michael , Haghshenas Ehsan , Ilie Lucian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Summary
De novo genome assembly of next-generation sequencing data is a fundamental problem in bioinformatics. There are many programs that assemble small genomes, but very few can assemble whole human genomes. We present a new algorithm for parallel overlap graph construction, which is capable of assembling human genomes and improves upon the current state-of-the-art in genome assembly.

Availability and implementation
SAGE2 is written in C ++ and OpenMP and is freely available (under the GPL 3.0 license) at github.com/lucian-ilie/SAGE2.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
“Lost to Follow-up” Among Adult Cancer Survivors
Authors: Gill Amitoj , Gosain Rohit , Bhandari Shruti , Gosain Rahul , Gill Gurkirat , Abraham Joseph , Miller Kenneth 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Follow-up cancer care is important for patients who have received IV chemotherapy but some patients discontinue their care and are lost to follow-up (LFU) at the cancer center where they were treated. The purpose of this study was to determine what proportion of cancer survivors are LFU at 5 years after treatment, the timing of LFU, and the characteristics of those who do not continue survivorship care.

Methods:
Adult patients with cancer who were treated with chemotherapy at a large community teaching hospital in 2006 and 2007 were identified and linked with State tumor registry data. Hospital medical records were reviewed to obtain information on demographics, diagnosis, treatment, and date of last follow-up visit. Characteristics of patients with ≥5 years of follow-up care were compared with those who were LFU.

Results:
In total, 487 patients received chemotherapy and 304 died (62%) during the 5-year follow-up period. Among the 183 cancer patients who were known to be alive at 5 years, 92 (50%) were LFU and 50% (46/92) of this LFU group were LFU within 1 year of diagnosis. At 5 years, follow-up care was continuing for 55% of women, compared with 39% of men. The highest proportion of follow-up was observed among lung cancer patients (84%), followed by patients with breast cancers (63%) and gastrointestinal cancers (40%). Patients with hematological cancers had the lowest follow-up proportion at 5 years (29%) (P<0.05). Follow-up was not significantly associated with age (P=0.48), insurance status(P=0.29), and race(P=0.06).

Conclusions:
It is estimated that 65% of the cancer survivors in the United States are ≥5 years beyond their diagnosis but there is little data on oncology follow-up rates. In our retrospective study of 183 patients who were treated with chemotherapy only 49.7% continue to follow-up at their treatment center. LFU has important implications in planning long-term care strategies for cancer survivors and in survivorship research.
Adolescent Perceptions of Peer Responses to Diabetes Self-Management: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Yang Pei-Yun , Lou Meei-Fang , Lien Angela Shin-Yu , Gau Bih-Shya 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Background:
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is more prevalent in adolescents than in adults, and the self-management of insulin-dependent diabetes is complex. T1D requires injections of insulin, self-management of blood testing, regular physical activity, and diet monitoring, which are challenging for growing and developing adolescents. Adolescents are often more concerned with how they are perceived by their peers than how they perceive themselves. Positive peer responses influence the self-care management of adolescents with T1D in school settings. By contrast, negative peer responses and avoidance behaviors threaten to negatively affect the health outcomes of adolescents with T1D. Evidence indicates that peer influence is crucial to the successful self-management of diabetes in adolescents. However, very few studies have investigated the effect of peer influence on adolescents with T1D.

Purpose:
This article describes how adolescents with T1D perceive the responses of their peers to their diabetes self-management in school settings.

Methods:
Ten 12- to 17-year-old adolescents with diabetes were recruited from a pediatric endocrinology clinic at a university hospital in Taiwan. Audio-recorded interview data were transcribed verbatim and reviewed for accuracy. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyze the narrative content of semistructured interviews with participants. The rigor of the data collection and analysis was emphasized.

Results:
Analysis of peer responses to the diabetes care practices of the participants revealed six themes: knowledge seeking, curiosity, enthusiasm, empathy, fearfulness, and isolation and bullying. Subthemes were categorized to illustrate how adolescents with T1D balance the challenge of diabetes self-care regimens and normal peer interactions. They were coping with the requirements of their T1D regimen and hoping to determine the perceptions of their peers toward this regimen and themselves.

Conclusions/Implications for Practice:
Understanding the perception of peer identity for adolescents with T1D provides information for diabetes education and assists school nurses to facilitate successful T1D management in adolescents.