bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dilute Russell’s viper venom time reagents in lupus anticoagulant testing: a well-considered choice
Authors: Depreter Barbara , Devreese Katrien M.J. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background:
Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) detection represents diagnostic challenges among which the multitude of available reagents and interference by anticoagulant treatment. One of the two advised tests is the dilute Russell’s viper venom time (dRVVT). However, it is currently not clear whether all dRVVT reagents may be considered equivalent. The objective of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of two dRVVT reagents, with special attention to the influence of anticoagulant therapy.

Methods:
STA®-Staclot® dRVV Screen/Confirm (Stago, Asnières-sur-Seine, France) and dRVT-LS/dRVTL-LR (Haematex, Hornsby, Australia) were evaluated on 443 patient samples [358 consecutive patients with LAC request including six antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients, 18 non-consecutively selected APS patients and 37 vitamin K antagonists (VKA)-treated and 30 direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC)-treated non-APS patients]. Additionally, pooled normal plasma (PNP) was spiked with factor deficient plasma (n=33) and DOAC calibrators (n=21) to evaluate sensitivity for factor deficiencies and false-positivity rates, respectively.

Results:
A higher number of samples were defined as LAC positive by Stago vs. Haematex [11.5% (41/358) vs. 3.63% (13/358)]. Most discordances were in the VKA and DOAC group. Haematex was less prone to VKA-related factor deficiencies, explaining the absence of false-positive LAC results in VKA-treated non-APS patients compared to 10.8% with Stago. We observed no false-positive LAC ratios with Haematex in DOAC-spiked PNP and a lower number in DOAC-treated non-APS patients. However, increased specificity seemed to be at cost of a reduced sensitivity as Haematex showed less positive APS patient samples (45.8% vs. 87.5%).

Conclusions:
dRVVT reagents differ in LAC sensitivity and for VKA and DOAC interference.
Drug combinations in diabetic neuropathic pain: an experimental validation
Authors: Tripathi Chakra Dhar , Mehta Ashish K. , Yadav Amol M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background:
Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus, and the different drug combinations available do not provide effective pain relief. The present study was performed to observe the effect of amitripyline, duloxetine, sitagliptin, and pregabalin, and their combinations on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy.

Methods:
Diabetic neuropathy was induced by STZ, and the tail-flick test was used to assess thermal hyperalgesia before and after (at 30, 60, and 120 min) drug administration. One week after STZ administration, the blood glucose level was observed to be in the diabetic range.

Results:
Administration of all the drugs except sitagliptin increased the tail-flick latency significantly as compared to control. Further, the drugs amitriptyline, duloxetine, and pregabalin showed significant pain-relieving effect, when either two of them were administered in combination, although the different combinations had varied degree of pain relief. However, sitagliptin was observed to have no effect when administered alone or in combination with the other three drugs.

Conclusions:
Therefore, the study provides new insights concerning combined therapy of pain, which further needs clinical exploration.
“Languaging the worker: Globalized governmentalities in/of language in peripheral spaces”
Authors: Dlaske Kati , Barakos Elisabeth , Motobayashi Kyoko , McLaughlin Mireille 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
In the introduction to the special issue “Languaging the worker: globalized governmentalities in/of language in peripheral spaces”, we take up the notion of governmentality as a means to interrogate the complex relationship between language, labor, power and subjectivity in peripheral multilingual spaces. Our aim here is to argue for the study of governmentality as a viable and growing approach in critical sociolinguistic research. As such, in this introduction, we first discuss key concepts germane to our interrogations, including the notions of governmentality, languaging, peripherality and language worker. We proceed to map out five ethnographically and discourse-analytically informed case studies. These examine diverse actors in different settings pertaining to the domain of work. Finally we chart how the case studies construe the issue of languaging the worker through a governmentality frame.
Generation and manipulation of entangled photons on silicon chips
Authors: Matsuda Nobuyuki , Takesue Hiroki 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIntegrated quantum photonics is now seen as one of the promising approaches to realize scalable quantum information systems. With optical waveguides based on silicon photonics technologies, we can realize quantum optical circuits with a higher degree of integration than with silica waveguides. In addition, thanks to the large nonlinearity observed in silicon nanophotonic waveguides, we can implement active components such as entangled photon sources on a chip. In this paper, we report recent progress in integrated quantum photonic circuits based on silicon photonics. We review our work on correlated and entangled photon-pair sources on silicon chips, using nanoscale silicon waveguides and silicon photonic crystal waveguides. We also describe an on-chip quantum buffer realized using the slow-light effect in a silicon photonic crystal waveguide. As an approach to combine the merits of different waveguide platforms, a hybrid quantum circuit that integrates a silicon-based photon-pair source and a silica-based arrayed waveguide grating is also presented.
Nanotechnology as a proxy to capture regional economic development? New findings from the European Union Framework Programmes
Authors: Calignano Giuseppe 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe European Union has included nanotechnology in the Key Enabling Technologies helping countries to tackle current and future societal challenges thanks to their applications in multiple industries. Furthermore, one theme named “Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and New Production Technologies” was included in the Sixth and Seventh Framework Programmes with the purpose of financing organizations specifically involved in nanotechnology activities. The empirical analysis presented in this paper aims to reconstruct the participation of the Italian private, public and public-private organizations at the regional level in the European Union nanotechnology network. The hypothesis is that a high share of private organizations and a well-balanced proportion of private and public entities are beneficial for knowledge circulation potentially leading to innovation. This paper confirms the findings of other recent studies by revealing that the participation of private, public and public-private organizations at the European Union level overlaps the distribution of the nanotechnology activities in Italy and the regional disparities in the country. More in general, this paper strengthens the concept that the interdisciplinary nature of nanotechnology and the collaborations fostered by the Framework Programmes enable researchers to capture regional economic development from a global viewpoint.
Towards low energy consumption data storage era using phase-change probe memory with TiN bottom electrode
Authors: Wang Lei , Gong Sidi , Yang Cihui , Wen Jing 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Phase-change probe memory has been extensively regarded as one of the most prospective candidates to satisfy the recording density requirement from the incoming age of big data. However, in spite of recent advances, the energy consumption of phase-change probe memory still remains fairly high due to the use of the diamond-like carbon bottom electrode usually having a relatively high electric resistivity. In this case, the possibility of using titanium nitride to replace the diamond-like carbon as the electrode materials is investigated in this paper. The thickness and time-dependent resistivity of titanium nitride film is measured, allowing for a more conductive characteristic and a better stability than diamond-like carbon film at the same condition. Consequently, the writing of crystalline bit using the previously designed phase-change probe memory architecture but with titanium nitride bottom electrode is performed experimentally, and results show that using titanium nitride as bottom electrode would enable an achievement of ultra-high recording density with lower energy consumption than the phase-change stack with diamond-like carbon electrode.
Chitosan-ferrocyanide sorbent for Cs-137 removal from mineralized alkaline media
Authors: Egorin Andrei , Tokar Eduard , Zemskova Larisa 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
An organomineral sorbent based on mixed nickel-potassium ferrocyanide and chitosan to be used in removal of Cs-137 radionuclide from highly mineralized media with high pH has been fabricated. The synthesized sorbent was applied to remove Cs-137 from model solutions under static and dynamic conditions. The effects of contact time, pH, and presence of sodium ions and complexing agents in the process of Cs-137 removal have been investigated. The sorbent is distinguished by increased stability to the impact of alkaline media containing complexing agents, whereas the sorbent capacity in solutions with pH 11 exceeds 1000 bed volumes with the Cs-137 removal efficiency higher than 95%.
Determination of distribution coefficients (Kd) of various radionuclides on UTEVA resin
Authors: Marinov Genko M. , Marinova Atanaska P. , Medvedev Dmitry V. , Dadakhanov Jahangir A. , Milanova Maria M. , Happel Steffen , Radchenko Valery I. , Filosofov Dmitry V. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Using radioisotope markers the distribution coefficients (Kd) of the following elements In, Sn, Sb, Te, Bi, Co, Fe, Nb, Sr, Ba, Ag, Cd, Zr, Hf and Ti were determined with different concentrations of HCl, H2SO4 and HNO3 for the extraction chromatographic resin Uranium and TEtraValent Actinides (UTEVA). This data can be used for separation of elements in complex mixtures, as well as for correct assessment of the elements chemistry with higher valences such as 3, 4, 5 or 6.
A Note on Trial Delay and Social Welfare: The Impact of Multiple Equilibria
Authors: Friehe Tim , Miceli Thomas J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractGreater trial delay is commonly associated with decreasing demand for trials, thereby bringing about an equilibrium for a given trial capacity. This note highlights that – in contrast to this premise – trial delay may in fact increase trial demand. Such an outcome is established for a scenario in which the number of cases is endogenous based on the deterrence effect of lawsuits. That trial demand may increase with longer delay makes multiple stable equilibria possible. This reality has important policy implications, which are discussed.
Mfn2 deficiency links age‐related sarcopenia and impaired autophagy to activation of an adaptive mitophagy pathway
Authors: Sebastián David , Sorianello Eleonora , Segalés Jessica , Irazoki Andrea , Ruiz‐Bonilla Vanessa , Sala David , Planet Evarist , Berenguer‐Llergo Antoni , Muñoz Juan Pablo , Sánchez‐Feutrie Manuela , Plana Natàlia , Hernández‐Álvarez María Isabel , Serrano Antonio L , Palacín Manuel , Zorzano Antonio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMitochondrial dysfunction and accumulation of damaged mitochondria are considered major contributors to aging. However, the molecular mechanisms responsible for these mitochondrial alterations remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate that mitofusin 2 (Mfn2) plays a key role in the control of muscle mitochondrial damage. We show that aging is characterized by a progressive reduction in Mfn2 in mouse skeletal muscle and that skeletal muscle Mfn2 ablation in mice generates a gene signature linked to aging. Furthermore, analysis of muscle Mfn2‐deficient mice revealed that aging‐induced Mfn2 decrease underlies the age‐related alterations in metabolic homeostasis and sarcopenia. Mfn2 deficiency reduced autophagy and impaired mitochondrial quality, which contributed to an exacerbated age‐related mitochondrial dysfunction. Interestingly, aging‐induced Mfn2 deficiency triggers a ROS‐dependent adaptive signaling pathway through induction of HIF1α transcription factor and BNIP3. This pathway compensates for the loss of mitochondrial autophagy and minimizes mitochondrial damage. Our findings reveal that Mfn2 repression in muscle during aging is a determinant for the inhibition of mitophagy and accumulation of damaged mitochondria and triggers the induction of a mitochondrial quality control pathway.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Parity and risk of type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis
Authors: Li Peiyun , Shan Zhilei , Zhou Li , Xie Manling , Bao Wei , Zhang Yan , Rong Ying , Yang Wei , Liu Liegang 
Published: June 2016

Objective
Epidemiologic studies regarding the association between parity and risk of type 2 diabetes have yielded inconsistent results. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis to determine the relation between parity and type 2 diabetes risk.

Methods
We searched PubMed and Embase for published epidemiologic studies that assessed the relation between parity and risk of type 2 diabetes up to 31 March 2016. A dose-response random-effects model was used to combine study-specific relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analyses.

Results
Seven cohort studies, 1 case-control study and 9 cross-sectional studies including 296 923 participants were eligible for inclusion. The combined RR for the highest versus lowest category of parity indicated a 54% increment in type 2 diabetes risk (95% CI: 29–83%). In the cubic spline model, a nonlinear association was found between parity and risk of type 2 diabetes (P = 0.02 for nonlinearity). Compared with nulliparous women, the estimated RR (95% CI) of type 2 diabetes for women with one to seven children was 1.01 (0.96–1.07), 1.08 (1.00–1.16), 1.20 (1.12–1.30), 1.32 (1.22–1.42), 1.37 (1.27–1.48), 1.39 (1.26–1.52) and 1.39 (1.23–1.57) respectively.

Conclusions
Higher parity is significantly associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Further studies are warranted to fully adjust for the potential confounders and explore the causality between parity and type 2 diabetes risk.
Políticas educativas para la enseñanza del lenguaje
Authors: Montero González Martha Soledad 
Published: June 2016

Este artículo trata el tema de la política de renovación pedagógica en relacióncon lga política de flexibilidad curricular y de formación de competencias, enel sentido de precisar su continuidad, su sistematicidad y el afinamiento de launa en la otra, a propósito de la enseñanza del lenguaje, principalmente para:i. mostrar cómo la política de renovación curricular y pedagógica se centraen la reforma de la enseñanza del lenguaje1. ii. Señalar como este procesode reforma obedece a una concepción de apertura y flexibilidad del currículo,que supone, según la política, un conjunto de cambios que son condiciónpara continuar con la implementación de otras reformas relacionadas con elPrograma Nacional de Renovación Curricular, como son: el mejoramiento de la calidad educativa, la disminución de deserción y repitencia, la promoción automática, la ampliaciónde la cobertura, la cualificación docente. iii. Determinar qué elementos de la política educativa de 1976se mantienen en la reforma curricular de 1991 y cuáles se transforman.
Ética y derechos humanos. La importancia del concepto “validez moral” de Jürgen Habermas para la justificación racional de los derechos humanos
Authors: Montoya Londoño Mauricio 
Published: June 2016

La justificación racional de los derechos humanos se encuentra hoy enun proceso de resquebrajamiento debido a tres fenómenos: una culturade las relaciones internacionales basadas en el fenómeno hobbesiano de la seguridad y la estabilidad; en segunda instancia, al descrédito en el que han caído institucionesfundamentales como el consejo de seguridad de la ONU, de cara a la legitimidad ofrecida a las intervencionesde Estados Unidos en Irak y Afganistán; y por último, el uso que los Estados Unidos le handado a los derechos humanos como escudo de su política exterior. Frente a esta problemática surge lapregunta de si tiene sentido hoy hablar de la validez de los principios morales, incluidos dentro de elloslos derechos humanos, sobre todo, si tiene vigencia hablar de normas que tienen una pretensión deuniversalidad. Este artículo lleva a cabo un ejercicio de análisis del concepto de validez intersubjetiva deHabermas, con el objeto de examinar si esta noción puede sobreponerse, en primera instancia, a losembates de la posición empírica, y en segundo lugar, si tal validez se sostiene después de la objecióndel multiculturalismo.
Disparitas Putusan Praperadilan Dalam Penetapan Tersangka Korupsi Oleh KPK
Authors: Alfitra Alfitra 
Published: June 2016

Abstract: Pretrial is a new innovation in the Criminal Code. Pretrial intention is as a "translation" of the substance of habeas corpus rights. Pretrial become one of the court's discretion horizontally over the application of the force by the police, prosecutors, and theCommission, which include the validity of the arrest, detention, discontinuation of the investigation or the discontinuation of the prosecution, compensation / rehabilitation, and the validity of objects seized as a means of proof and determination of the suspect. With the institution of pretrial these "prisoners" or suspects who set olek Commission authorized by law to exercise supervision over the course of a forceful measures in the process of determination of the investigation after the enactment itself becomes suspect. The purpose of this monitoring, among other things kongkritisasi Aqusatoir concept of human rights and with the principles of presumption of innocence Absraksi: Praperadilan merupakan inivasi baru(lembaga baru) dalam KUHAP. Praperadilanmerupakan tempat mengadukan pelanggaran hak-hak azasi manusia, sebab niat praperadilan adalah sebagai “terjemahan” habeas corpus yang merupakan substasi HAM. Sebab penyusunan KUHAP banyak disemangati oleh hukum internasional yang telah menjadi Internasional Custamory Law. Praperadilan sebagai salah satu kewenangan pengadilan secara horizontal atas penerapan upaya paksa oleh polisi,jaksa,dan KPK. Yang meliputi sah atau tidaknya penangkapan, penahanan, penghentian penyidikan atau penghentian penuntutan, ganti rugi/rehabilitasi, sah atau tidaknya benda yang disita sebagai alat pembuktian dan penetapan tersangka,Lembaga praperadilan merupakan bagian mekanismesistem peradilan pidana yang diatur dalam KUHAP. Dengan adanya lembaga praperadilan ini “pesakitan” atau tersangka yang ditetapkan olek KPK diberi hak oleh Undang-undang untuk melakukan pengawasan atas jalanya suatu upaya paksa dalam proses penetapan penyidikan setelah ditetapkannya seseorang menjadi tersangka oleh Polisi, Jaksa dan KPK. Pesakitan disini bisa tersangka atau instansi yang relefan, tujuan adanya pengawasan ini antara lain untuk kongkriyisasi konsep HAM dengan prinsip Aqusatoir dan praduga tidak bersalah yang juga dimuat dalam KUHAP. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v4i1.3201
Validation of the Pittsburgh Infant Brain Injury Score for Abusive Head Trauma
Authors: Berger Rachel Pardes , Fromkin Janet , Herman Bruce , Pierce Mary Clyde , Saladino Richard A. , Flom Lynda , Tyler-Kabara Elizabeth C. , McGinn Tom , Richichi Rudolph , Kochanek Patrick M. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:
Abusive head trauma is the leading cause of death from physical abuse. Misdiagnosis of abusive head trauma as well as other types of brain abnormalities in infants is common and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. We previously derived the Pittsburgh Infant Brain Injury Score (PIBIS), a clinical prediction rule to assist physicians deciding which high-risk infants should undergo computed tomography of the head.

METHODS:
Well-appearing infants 30 to 364 days of age with temperature &lt;38.3°C, no history of trauma, and a symptom associated with an increased risk of having a brain abnormality were eligible for enrollment in this prospective, multicenter clinical prediction rule validation. By using a predefined neuroimaging paradigm, subjects were classified as cases or controls. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of the rule for prediction of brain injury were calculated.

RESULTS:
A total of 1040 infants were enrolled: 214 cases and 826 controls. The 5-point PIBIS included abnormality on dermatologic examination (2 points), age ≥3.0 months (1 point), head circumference &gt;85th percentile (1 point), and serum hemoglobin &lt;11.2g/dL (1 point). At a score of 2, the sensitivity and specificity for abnormal neuroimaging was 93.3% (95% confidence interval 89.0%–96.3%) and 53% (95% confidence interval 49.3%–57.1%), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS:
Our data suggest that the PIBIS accurately identifies infants who would benefit from neuroimaging to evaluate for brain injury. An implementation analysis is needed before the PIBIS can be integrated into clinical practice.
Informe de frutos de carambola dañados por Amazona albifrons Sparman, en Tabasco, México.
Authors: Sánchez-Soto Saúl 
Published: June 2016

<p class="Resumen">El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar, en un huerto familiar, la especie animal causante de dañar frutos verdes de <em>Averrhoa carambola</em>. El estudio se realizó en un huerto con dos <span xml:lang="ar-SA">árboles de carambola</span> en el municipio de Cárdenas, Tabasco, México (18°00’10,9’’ N, 93°25’52,2’’ W). La p<span xml:lang="ar-SA">é</span>rdida de frutos se contabilizó del 21 de junio al 2 de agosto de 2015, mediante evaluaciones semanales. Se registr<span xml:lang="ar-SA">ó</span> la pérdida de 12 637 frutos ocasionada por la especie de ave <em>Amazona albifrons </em>Sparman (Psittaciformes: Psittacidae), la cual se distribuye desde México hasta Costa Rica.</p><div> </div><p class="Resumen para-style-override-3"> </p>
A new non-coastal record for the Pine Woods Littersnake, Rhadinaea flavilata Cope, 1871 (Squamata: Colubridae), in Russell County, Alabama, USA
Authors: McKelvy Alexander D. , Ozelski-McKelvy Ashley , Figueroa Alex 
Published: June 2016

We found a single specimen of Rhadinaea flavilata in Russell County, Alabama, in an area composed of primarily pine plantation habitat. This record is 200 km north of the currently recognized range of this species in Alabama and may represent an undiscovered population separated from the typical coastal plain range of this species.