bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Automated analysis of digital medical images in cervical cancer screening: A systematic review
Authors: Ledwaba Leshego , Saidu Rakiya , Malila Bessie , Kuhn Louise , Mutsvangwa Tinashe E.M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCervical cancer screening programs are poorly implemented in LMICs due to a shortage of specialists and expensive diagnostic infrastructure. To address the barriers of implementation researchers have been developing low-cost portable devices and automating image analysis for decision support.However, as the knowledge base is growing rapidly, progress on the implementation status of novel imaging devices and algorithms in cervical cancer screening has become unclear. The aim of this project was to provide a systematic review summarizing the full range of automated technology systems used in cervical cancer screening.MethodA search on academic databases was conducted and the search results were screened by two independent reviewers. Study selection was based on eligibility in meeting the terms of inclusion and exclusion criteria which were outlined using a Population, Intervention, Comparator and Outcome framework.Results17 studies reported algorithms developed with source images from mobile device, viz. Pocket Colposcope, MobileODT EVA Colpo, Smartphone Camera, Smartphone-based Endoscope System, Smartscope, mHRME, and PiHRME. While 56 studies reported algorithms with source images from conventional/commercial acquisition devices. Most interventions were in the feasibility stage of development, undergoing initial clinical validations.ConclusionResearchers have proven superior prediction performance of computer aided diagnostics (CAD) in colposcopy (>80% accuracies) versus manual analysis (<70.0% accuracies). Furthermore, this review summarized evidence of the algorithms which are being created utilizing portable devices, to circumvent constraints prohibiting wider implementation in LMICs (such as expensive diagnostic infrastructure). However clinical validation of novel devices with CAD is not yet implemented adequately in LMICs.
A robust financing theory of ICOs under demand uncertainty of products of token platforms
Authors: Ling Aifan , Sun Jie 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThe market products produced by Initial Coin Offerings (ICO) platforms are often relatively new and have no previous transaction records and therefore are hard to estimate for its demand. The purpose is to study the impacts of the degree of ambiguity aversion of entrepreneurs to demand uncertainty on the ICO financing ratio, the optimal expected output, the optimal efforts and the token price.Design/methodology/approachIn an optimal ICO design, we introduce demand uncertainty of the product and establish a robust optimization method to solve the ICO optimal design. We compare ICO financing and the general venture capital (VC) financing model. We analyze the impact of demand uncertainty on the optimal ICO financing ratio.FindingsFindings include that the ICO financing ratio is positively related to the degree of ambiguity aversion, the token price is negatively related to the degree of ambiguity aversion and the “ambiguity premium” exists in the ICO market, the optimal effort levels are negatively related with the ICO financing ratio, but positively related with token price, and in the environment of high production cost, VC financing is not as good as ICO financing.Originality/valueWe develop a robust ICO financing model by assuming that the entrepreneur is ambiguity aversive to the demand uncertainty. Analyze the impact of the degree of ambiguity aversion on the ICO financing ratio in theory and find that the entrepreneur can raise funds with the higher ICO token ratio when she has a larger degree of ambiguity aversion to the demand uncertainty. Extend the impact analysis of the degree of ambiguity aversion on the expected token price and find a negative relationship between the expected token price and the degree of ambiguity aversion of the entrepreneur to the demand uncertainty.
Internationalization at home in higher education: a systematic review of teaching and learning practices
Authors: Soulé María Victoria , Parmaxi Antigoni , Nicolaou Anna 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThis paper explores current teaching and learning practices, benefits and challenges in the implementation of Internationalization at Home (IaH) in higher education.Design/methodology/approachThe study follows a systematic review (SR) protocol in accordance with the PRISMA Statement, covering published research from 2018 to 2022. Through this process, we identified 58 peer-reviewed manuscripts meeting our inclusion criteria. We examined disciplines, locations of IaH, objectives pursued, modality of the IaH implementation, activities and resources used. Benefits and challenges were also analysed.FindingsThe SR reveals a growing adoption of IaH, employing various technologies and interdisciplinary methods to foster cross-cultural competence. It emphasizes diverse teaching activities and resources, aligning with digitalization trends. While IaH brings benefits like improved intercultural sensitivity, collaboration and skills development, it also faces challenges in language, technical, personal, pedagogical and organizational aspects, highlighting its complexity.Research limitations/implicationsOur search focused on research from 2018 to 2022, potentially missing earlier trends, and excluded grey literature due to quality concerns. The SR emphasizes online collaborative efforts in IaH, signalling a shift to digital internationalization. Institutions should invest in supporting such practices aided by strategic university alliances. A critical approach to “Global-North” collaborations is urged, promoting geographically inclusive IaH initiatives.Originality/valueThis study responds to the call for critical analysis on concrete examples of IaH. Through a systematic review, it explores recent teaching and learning practices, with a particular focus on the latest technological advancements. The study specifies learning objectives and identifies relevant tools for implementing IaH initiatives.
Why do aged care employees leave? Two explanations compared
Authors: Treuren Gerrit J.M. 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThe aim of the study was to compare the explanatory power of the dissatisfaction-based account of aged care employee turnover against that of Lee and Mitchell’s (1994) unfolding theory of turnover.Design/methodology/approachMixed method prospective cohort study with three waves of employee survey data and an exit interview drawn from employees of a large Australian not-for-profit aged care provider. Independent t tests and mediated logistic regression analyses were conducted. Final sample: nStayers at Wave 3 = 138; nLeavers by Wave 3 = 42).FindingsThe classic dissatisfaction-based theory accounts for 19% of actual leavers. The five unfolding theory exit pathways accounted for 73.8% of all leavers. Stayers had the same dissatisfaction as leavers. Shock-based turnover (40.5% of all leavers) was more common than dissatisfaction-based turnover (33.5%). An additional 11.9% of leavers resigned to retire from paid work.Research limitations/implicationsDissatisfaction-based theory provided a relatively weak explanation of aged care turnover in this organisation. The unfolding theory provided a better and more nuanced account of employee leaving.Practical implicationsUnfolding theory exit interviews will assist aged care employers to better identify organizationally specific exit patterns and assist in finding appropriate organizational solutions to employee turnover.Originality/valueThis paper provides the first direct comparison of two explanations of aged care employee turnover and provides guidance to better retention at a time of labour shortage.
Board characteristics and firm innovation: a qualitative comparative analysis
Authors: Liu Yexin , Zhou Ziqing , Wu Weiwei 
Published: September 2024

PurposeAlthough the literature has highlighted that a firm’s board is critical for firm innovation, the impact of board characteristics on firm innovation has always been examined separately, leading to inconclusive research results. Based on the complexity theory, this paper incorporates four board characteristics, including board size, board ownership, board independence and CEO duality, to examine the impact of the combinations of different board characteristics on firm innovation through qualitative comparative analysis.Design/methodology/approachUsing the panel data of listed manufacturing firms in China from 2007 to 2022, this paper conducted the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to test the proposed hypotheses.FindingsThe research results show that no single board characteristic can explain firm innovation, as board size, board ownership, board independence and CEO duality can lead to either positive or negative firm innovation. Moreover, firm innovation depends on a complex combination of board characteristics.Originality/valueThis paper makes the following contributions: Firstly, this paper advances the firm innovation literature by extending the role of board characteristics on firm innovation, thereby offering a new way to model firm innovation in terms of board characteristics. Secondly, this paper provides a more comprehensive account of the role of a firm’s board by integrating agency theory and resource dependence theory. Thirdly, this paper also identifies a promising avenue for further research in the field of corporate governance: the investigation of other contingency contexts in which the effect of board characteristics may be observed, with the aim of further increasing the understanding of board functioning.
Advising elite performers: the role of intuition, trust and expertise
Authors: Cottam Ed , Jha Pushkar.P. 
Published: September 2024

PurposeDecision-makers often struggle to combine advice with their own intuition. This study examines how advice-giver traits and decision-makers’ intuition influence advice uptake. We present a novel typology based on decision-makers’ trust in advice-givers and their perceived expertise.Design/methodology/approachThis qualitative study uses a sample of publicly available interview data with 51 elite performers. Using inductive and content analysis, we explore the mediation between decision-makers’ intuitive competence (ability to effectively deploy intuition in interface with advice) and their autonomy (self-endorsement from past performance).FindingsWe identify four sources of advice: mentor advice, specialist advice, confidant advice and commentator advice. Drawing on instances of different sources of advice along varying degrees of trust and expertise, we propose a framework for interaction between intuitional competence and advice characteristics.Originality/valueWe offer a novel way of contextualising nuanced forms of advice and provide a structured typology of sources, characterised by trust and expertise. This typology and our findings help reconcile contradictions in decision-making research. Finally, we offer practical guidance for the uptake of advice.
Toward customized flexural properties of additively manufactured architected lattice beams via grading struts cross-section and targeted designed unit cell distributions
Authors: Rico-Baeza Genaro , Cuan-Urquizo Enrique , Perez-Soto Gerardo I. , Camarillo-Gomez Karla A. 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is the study of flexural properties of architected lattice beams composed of modified body-centered cubic (BCC) structures when such are additively manufactured with the liquid crystal display method. The BCC topology was modified by grading the dimensions of the cross-sections of the struts that compose them and their targeted distribution within the lattice beam.

Design/methodology/approach
Six gradations of strut cross-sections were proposed, and their effective stiffness was evaluated in compression finite element (FE) simulations. These were compared and categorized according to their stiffness. Then, these were distributed and arranged in a targeted manner, following two approaches: longitudinal and transversal. Experimental three-point bending tests and FE simulations were performed to characterize their effective flexural properties. The properties of targeted distributions were contrasted with those of uniform distributions.

Findings
Although the structures with longitudinal and transverse distribution presented the same relative density, they demonstrated different stiffness and strength. Beams with longitudinal distribution were 77% stiffer than those with transverse distribution. The method proposed here demonstrates how the effective mechanical properties and failure modes can be tailored by modifying the material arrangement in engineered structures while keeping the amount of material used constant.

Originality/value
The flexural properties of lattice beams with two types of grading and unit cell arrangements were studied. The literature has not deeply studied such a double degree of matter distribution and arrangement in structures.
Establishment of European Style Silk Filature in Shanghai at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century: Case of Jardine Matheson & Co. Reflected in the Morel‐Journel Archives
Authors: SHI XIAOXUAN 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article discusses how the Ewo filature, a European style silk filature owned by Jardine Matheson & Co., was organised in Shanghai at the beginning of the twentieth century. With the rich documents of the Morel‐Journel Archives, we were able to probe and get a glimpse into the functioning of this foreign establishment by analysing the composition of its personnel and the costs. As far as the quality of silk is concerned, plenty of efforts were made to guarantee a better quality than locally produced silks, such as by adopting European style machines; moreover, attention was paid to the water used in silk reeling, to the selection of cocoons, and to the supervision system for labourers. The findings show that the filature was running as a modern factory and that the productivity of the female reelers was comparable to that of an Italian filature in Europe. Although running with technologically advanced machines and under modern factory managerial organization, the Ewo filature, as well as those similar ones resulted from the spillover of Western technology, was not able to be profitable; moreover, in the historical context of China, stuck in political turmoil, at the beginning of the twentieth century, the union of Western capital, technology and managerial organization failed to achieve a real industrial revolution in the silk reeling sector.
Autotaxin concentrations in peritoneal dialysis effluent reflect peritoneal function
Authors: Horikoshi Keisuke , Sakai Norihiko , Oshima Megumi , Yamauchi Hiroyuki , Ikeda Megumi , Hayashi Kaho , Yanagisawa Hiroyoshi , Yamamori Fumitaka , Kajikawa Sho , Hayashi Daiki , Koshino Akihiko , Sako Keisuke , Yuasa Takahiro , Tamai Akira , Minami Taichiro , Nakagawa Shiori , Kitajima Shinji , Toyama Tadashi , Hara Akinori , Shimizu Miho , Oota Satoshi , Ishida Yoichi , Wada Takashi , Iwata Yasunori 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionPeritoneal equilibration test (PET) has been used to monitor peritoneal function. A more convenient marker would be useful in clinical situations including home medical care. Autotaxin is known to leak into the interstitium as vascular permeability increases during the progression of tissue fibrosis. Therefore, we hypothesized that autotaxin concentrations in peritoneal dialysis (PD) effluent might reflect peritoneal function.MethodsThis study enrolled 45 patients undergoing PD from 2016 to 2021. Autotaxin concentrations measured in PD effluent were evaluated for their associations with markers obtained from PET.ResultsMean age was 69 years, and 33 patients were men. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that autotaxin concentrations are associated with dialysate/plasma creatinine ratio, end/start dialysate glucose ratio, and the dip in the dialysate sodium concentration, a marker of ultrafiltration capacity, at baseline (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsAutotaxin concentrations in PD effluent might be an adjunct marker that reflects peritoneal function.
Interpretable machine learning models for the prediction of all‐cause mortality and time to death in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Chen Minjie , Zeng Youbing , Liu Mengting , Li Zhenghui , Wu Jiazhen , Tian Xuan , Wang Yunuo , Xu Yuanwen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe elevated mortality and hospitalization rates among hemodialysis (HD) patients underscore the necessity for the development of accurate predictive tools. This study developed two models for predicting all‐cause mortality and time to death—one using a comprehensive database and another simpler model based on demographic and clinical data without laboratory tests.MethodA retrospective cohort study was conducted from January 2017 to June 2023. Two models were created: Model A with 85 variables and Model B with 22 variables. We assessed the models using random forest (RF), support vector machine, and logistic regression, comparing their performance via the AU‐ROC. The RF regression model was used to predict time to death. To identify the most relevant factors for prediction, the Shapley value method was used.ResultsAmong 359 HD patients, the RF model provided the most reliable prediction. The optimized Model A showed an AU‐ROC of 0.86 ± 0.07, a sensitivity of 0.86, and a specificity of 0.75 for predicting all‐cause mortality. It also had an R2 of 0.59 for predicting time to death. The optimized Model B had an AU‐ROC of 0.80 ± 0.06, a sensitivity of 0.81, and a specificity of 0.70 for predicting all‐cause mortality. In addition, it had an R2 of 0.81 for predicting time to death.ConclusionTwo new interpretable clinical tools have been proposed to predict all‐cause mortality and time to death in HD patients using machine learning models. The minimal and readily accessible data on which Model B is based makes it a valuable tool for integrating into clinical decision‐making processes.
Intraoperative QTc interval interpretation: Effects of anaesthesia, ECG, correction formulae, sex, and current limits
Authors: Krönauer Thomas , Mihatsch Lorenz L. , Friederich Patrick 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundSevere QT interval prolongation requires monitoring QTc intervals during anaesthesia with recommended therapeutic interventions at a threshold of 500 ms. The need for 12‐lead ECG and lack of standardisation limit such monitoring. We determined whether automated continuous intraoperative QTc monitoring with 5‐lead ECG measures QTc intervals comparable to 12‐lead ECG and whether the interpretation of QTc intervals depends on the correction formulae and the patient's sex. We compared intraoperative QTc times to QTc times from resting ECGs of a population from the same region, to substantiate the hypothesis that patients under general anaesthesia may need specific treatment thresholds.MethodsIn this prospective observational study, intraoperative QT/QTc intervals were automatically recorded using 12 and 5‐lead ECG in 100 patients (44% males). QTc values were analysed for sex and formula‐specific aspects after correction for heart rate according to Bazett, Fridericia, Hodges, Framingham, Charbit and QTcRAS, and compared to a regional community‐based cohort. The level of significance was set to α = 0.05.ResultsQT interval duration was not significantly different between 12‐lead and 5‐lead ECG (difference − 0.09 ms ± 8.5 ms, p = 0.793). The QTc interval duration significantly differed between the correction formulae (p < 0.001) and between sexes (p < 0.001). Mean intraoperative QTc duration was higher than in resting ECGs from a large community‐based population with the same regional background (438 vs. 417 ms). The incidence of prolonged values >500 ms significantly depended on the correction formula (p < 0.001) and was up to tenfold higher in women versus men.ConclusionIntraoperative QTc interval measurement using a 5‐lead ECG is valid. Correction formulae and gender influence the intraoperative QTc interval duration and the incidence of pathologically prolonged values according to current limits. The consideration and definition of sex‐specific normal limits for QTc times under general anaesthesia, therefore, warrant further investigation.
The incidence of visual impairment due to retinitis pigmentosa has declined in Finland over the last 40 years
Authors: Mosallaei Paula , Purola Petri , Tolkkinen Laura , Gissler Mika , Uusitalo Hannu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo study the changes in incidence, age at onset and severity of visual impairment (VI) due to retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in the Years 1980–2019, and the incidence and age at diagnosis of hereditary retinal dystrophy (HRD) diagnoses coded by ICD10 H35.5 in the Years 1998–2019 in Finland.MethodsA total of 1606 persons with VI due to RP registered by the Finnish Register of Visual Impairment and total of 4291 HRD diagnoses registered by the Care Register of the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare were included. VI was classified according to the Finnish national definitions derived from the WHO definitions. The significance of the changes in incidence and age at onset were tested with statistical tests (Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney U and Cochran‐Armitage). Two‐tailed p‐value below 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsThe incidence of VI due to RP has decreased from 0.96/100 000 in the 1980s to 0.55/100 000 in the 2010s (p 0.004). The age at onset of VI has increased from 41.6 to 50.3 years. The severity of VI has not changed. The incidence of HRD diagnoses has decreased from 3.66/100 000 in the 2000s to 2.86/100 000 in the 2010s (p 0.024). The age at diagnosis has risen in male patients from 42.1 to 44.5 years (p 0.024).ConclusionThe VI caused by RP in Finland has decreased. It develops at an older age than in the past. We hypothesize that this trend may be attributed to informed decisions by visually impaired persons to refrain from having offspring to prevent the transmission of hereditary mutations. The severity of VI due to RP has remained relatively unchanged. The incidence of HRD diagnoses has decreased, and the diagnosis occurs at an older age among men.