bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of eco composites based on natural rubber and recycled sugarcane bagasse waste to be utilised as a type of food contact
Authors: kamel Nagwa A. , Shafik E. S. , Nabil Y. M. , El Messeih Salwa L. Abd 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNatural fibres are abundant, renewable, and biodegradable, which has inspired numerous academics worldwide to investigate their possible applications in various industrial fields. The food packaging sector is seeking bio-based and biodegradable substitutes to increase sustainability. In this study, new composites were prepared from natural rubber (NR) and sugarcane bagasse fibres (SCB) with different concentrations of SCB (0, 2.5, 5, 10 &20 phr). The effect of SCB on the properties of natural rubber was studied before and after the alkaline treatment of the fibres. The biocomposites are characterized using Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and dielectric measurements in addition to rheological and mechanical analysis. The overall migration test for biocomposites loaded with 20phr SCB was performed to assess the biocomposite’s safety as food contact materials. The study’s results indicated that, adding SCB improved the conductivity, tensile strength, and elongation at break of natural rubber. Alkaline treatment strengthened the bonding between the filler and matrix and improved biocomposites’ thermal dielectric and mechanical properties. The overall migration test indicated that the alkaline treatment increased the overall migration to simulants. Accordingly, alkaline-treated NR-SCB biocomposites are effective eco-friendly food packaging candidates for certain types of food such as aqueous non-acidic products.
Passage efficiency through fishways of species of the family Cyprinidae and their management implications for fragmented rivers
Authors: Błońska Dagmara , Tarkan Ali Serhan , Britton J. Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe contemporary management of fragmented river systems is in a trade-off between the societal benefits of instream barriers (e.g. hydropower, flood risk management) and the ecological harms of their adverse impacts on fish populations. The consequent fragmentation can be mitigated through fishway construction, with mitigation performance measured using species-specific passage rates and efficiencies. There is, however, a bias in passage efficiency studies towards diadromous fishes and, although fish of the Cyprinidae family play a significant role in the fish assemblages of rivers worldwide, their passage efficiencies are poorly understood. Here, systematic review and meta-analyses assessed the passage efficiencies of cyprinid fishes through fishways that have been measured using telemetry methods. Passive integrated transponder (PIT) telemetry was the most common evaluation method of passage efficiency due to their high read rates and relatively low costs versus alternative telemetry methods. These methods revealed cyprinid passage efficiencies were highest through vertical slot fishways and lowest through nature-like constructions, with overall passage rates comparing favourably to anadromous salmonid fishes. Fish were most active during spring and summer, with passage and associated movements often related to spawning. Passage rates of non-native fishes were also higher than for native fishes. Despite the growing acknowledgment of how fishways influence potamodromous fish dispersal and distribution in rivers, passage data remain scarce, preventing managers and policy-makers from making informed decisions on optimal passage solutions for multiple fish species in highly fragmented rivers.
Evaluation of the performance of a machine learning based atrial fibrillation screening algorithm using an oscillometric blood pressure monitor
Authors: Asada Yuji , Kudo Yuta , Ito Tatsunori , Kanda Hiroyuki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBlood pressure monitors (BPMs) with atrial fibrillation (AFib) detection function can be used to detect AFib early. However, conventional algorithms require multiple BP measurements. Here, the feasibility of a machine-learning-based approach for AFib detection through single BP measurement was evaluated. First, a custom AdaBoost-based software, which analyzes the pulse-to-pulse interval (PPI) pattern and classifies it based on AFib detection, was created. Then, its classification performance was validated. For the validation study, PPI and standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) datasets were collected from 79 and 92 Japanese participants with and without AFib, respectively. PPI data were obtained using two different BPMs. All ECG results were interpreted by cardiologists. The custom software output for the PPI dataset and ECG interpreted results was compared, and the sensitivity and specificity were calculated. A sensitivity and specificity for PPI from main device were 97.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 91.2–99.3%) and 98.9 (95% CI 94.1–99.8), respectively. No significant differences in sensitivity and specificity were observed in the subgroup analysis between different devices, age groups, and arm size groups. These results reflect the high accuracy and robustness of this AFib algorithm using a single BP measurement and supports its use for widespread AFib screening.
The neural connectome of suicidality in adults with mood and anxiety disorders
Authors: Bryant Richard A. , Breukelaar Isabella A. , Williamson Thomas , Felmingham Kim , Williams Leanne M. , Korgaonkar Mayuresh S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough suicide risk is a major public health issue, attempts to understand the neural basis of suicidality have been limited by small sample sizes and a focus on specific psychiatric disorders. This sample comprised 579 participants, of whom 428 had a psychiatric disorder (depression, anxiety or stress-related disorder) and 151 were non-psychiatric controls. All participants underwent structured clinical interviews, including an assessment of suicidality in the past month, and completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan. There were 238 (41.1%) participants who met criteria for suicidality and 341 (58.9%) were non-suicidal. Task-derived functional connectivity was calculated for 436 brain regions, comprising 8 intrinsic connectivity networks. Participants who were suicidal had decreased connectivity in a network of 143 connections across 86 brain regions. This pattern was characterized primarily by decreased connectivity within the visual, somatomotor and salience networks, between these networks, and also with the default mode and limbic networks. By adopting a transdiagnostic approach with a very large sample of individuals with mood disorders, anxiety and stress and non-psychiatric participants, this study highlights the hypoconnectivity that characterizes suicidality and points to altered connectivity within and between key networks involved in emotional, sensory and cognitive processes that are implicated in suicidal risk.
Vibration reduction optimisation design of the high‐speed elevator car system based on multi‐factor horizontal coupling vibration model
Authors: Chen Meihao , Hong Zhaoxi , Song Junjie , Li Tang , Song Xiuju , Feng Yixiong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe increasing need for safe and comfortable high‐speed elevators due to the rise of super‐tall buildings has led to a focus on vibration reduction modelling and optimisation. This article selects factors that have a significant impact on the vibration of high‐speed elevator car systems through sensitivity evaluation to form a six‐dimensional parameter space and establishes a multi‐objective optimisation model for the car system. The Gibbis method and Radial Basis Function neural network are combined to sample and construct surrogate models, respectively. Meanwhile, a BA–EO algorithm that combines Bat algorithm and Extremal optimisation to adapt to a multidimensional parameter space is proposed here. In practical applications, the peak‐to‐peak value of vibration acceleration, which significantly affects human perception, is chosen as the objective function for vibration reduction optimisation. After optimisation, the vibrations of the car and car frame are decreased by 19% and 9%, respectively, which extend the service life of the high‐speed elevator and enhance safety and comfort for passengers.
Investigation of soil resistivity impacts on the electrodes of grounding system subjected to lightning strikes
Authors: Gouda Osama E. , El Dein Adel Z. , Yassin Sara , Lehtonen Matti , Darwish Mohamed M. F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, the study of the homogeneous resistivity and two‐layer soil influences on the performance of the electrodes of grounding systems subjected to lightning strikes is carried out considering soil ionization. The study is done on the behaviour of the ground electrodes while the resistivity of the soil is altered from small to high value in the case of homogeneous soil, while the study is obtained on two‐layer soils in the case of diverse values of the reflection factor. In the suggested algorithm for two‐layer soils, each layer has its resistivity and dielectric constant, where the dielectric constant and soil resistivity depend on the lightning frequency. The field resulting from lightning strikes, which causes soil ionization, has been studied, and the results have been used to understand the behaviour of ground rods under the influence of lightning strikes. The credibility of the results has been strengthened by comparing it with what others have obtained recently. The article's novelty can be summarized in the investigation of the performance of the electrodes of grounding grids that are installed in high soil resistivity of uniform and two‐layer soils containing the impacts of soil ionization, lightning frequency, soil resistivity, and permittivity variations.
DAB unified ZVS control strategy with optimal current stress in full power range under TPS control
Authors: Cheng Shuai , Wang Fusheng , Han Zongfeng , Zhang Chuanqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrent stress and soft switching range are important performance indexes of dual active bridge DC–DC converter. Based on three‐phase shift control, Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) algorithm is used to solve the optimal control strategy of current stress under soft switching conditions, and the interval construction method that KKT cannot solve is given. Aiming at the problem that all or most of the switching devices lose the zero voltage switching (ZVS) soft switching characteristics when the current dual active bridge (DAB) modulation strategy is seriously mismatched in voltage gain or when the output power is relatively small, an optimized modulation strategy is proposed here, which not only realizes the minimum current stress within the full power range, but also ensures that at least six switching tubes can achieve ZVS on–off. The on‐state and switching losses of the system are further reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the converter is improved.
ExoplaNeT accRetion mOnitoring sPectroscopic surveY (ENTROPY)
Authors: Viswanath Gayathri , Ringqvist Simon C. , Demars Dorian , Janson Markus , Bonnefoy Mickaël , Aoyama Yuhiko , Marleau Gabriel-Dominique , Dougados Catherine , Szulágyi Judit , Thanathibodee Thanawuth 
Published: October 2024

Context. Accretion among planetary mass companions is a poorly understood phenomenon, due to the lack of both observational and theoretical studies. The detection of emission lines from accreting gas giants facilitates detailed investigations into this process.
Aims. This work presents a detailed analysis of Balmer lines from one of the few known young, planetary-mass objects with observed emission, the isolated L2γ dwarf 2MASS J11151597+1937266 with a mass between 7 and 21 MJup and an age of 5–45 Myr, located at 45 ± 2 pc.
Methods. We obtained the first high-resolution (R ~ 50 000) spectrum of the target with VLT/UVES, an echelle spectrograph operating in the near-ultraviolet to visible wavelengths (3200–6800 Å).
Results. We report several resolved hydrogen (H I; H3–H6) and helium (He I; λ5875.6) emission lines in the spectrum. Based on the asymmetric line profiles of Hα and Hβ, the 10% width of Hα (199 ± 1 km s−1), tentative He I λ6678 emission, and indications of a disk from mid-infrared excess, we confirm ongoing accretion at this object. Using the Gaia update of the parallax, we revise its temperature to 1816 ± 63 K and radius to 1.5 ± 0.1 RJup. Analysis of observed H I profiles using a 1D planet-surface shock model implies a pre-shock gas velocity, v0 = 120−40+ 80 km s−1, and a pre-shock density, log(n0/cm−3) = 14−5+ 0. The pre-shock velocity points to a mass, Mp = 6−4+ 8 MJup, for the target. Combining H I line luminosities (Lline) and planetary Lline−Lacc (accretion luminosity) scaling relations, we derived a mass accretion rate, Ṁacc = 1.4−0.9+ 2.8 × 10−8 MJup yr−1.
Conclusions. The line-emitting area predicted from the planet-surface shock model is very small (~0.03%), and points to a shock at the base of a magnetospherically induced funnel. The Hα profile exhibits a much stronger flux than predicted by the model that best fits the rest of the H I profiles, indicating that another mechanism than shock emission contributes to the Hα emission. Comparison of line fluxes and Ṁacc from archival moderate-resolution SDSS spectra indicate variable accretion at 2MASS J11151597+1937266.
XMM-SERVS X-ray extended Galaxy Cluster (XVXGC) catalog
Authors: Xu Weiwei , Jiang Linhua , Li Ran , Luo Bin , Brandt William Nielsen , Zhang Chaoli , Erben Thomas 
Published: October 2024

Context. To explain the well-known tension between cosmological parameter constraints obtained from the primary cosmic microwave background (CMB) and those drawn from X-ray-selected galaxy cluster samples identified with early data, we propose a possible explanation for the incompleteness of detected clusters being higher than estimated. Specifically, we suggest that certain types of galaxy groups or clusters may have been overlooked in previous works.
Aims. We aim to search for galaxy groups and clusters with especially extended surface brightness distributions by creating a new X-ray-selected catalog of extended galaxy clusters from the XMM-Spitzer Extragalactic Representative Volume Survey (XMM-SERVS) data, based on a dedicated source detection and characterization algorithm optimized for extended sources.
Methods. Our state-of-the-art algorithm is composed of wavelet filtering, source detection, and characterization. We carried out a visual inspection of the optical image, and spatial distribution of galaxies within the same redshift layer to confirm the existence of clusters and estimated the cluster redshift with the spectroscopic and photometric redshifts of galaxies. The growth curve analysis was used to characterize the detections.
Results. We present a catalog of extended X-ray galaxy clusters detected from the XMM-SERVS data. The XMM-SERVS X-ray eXtended Galaxy Cluster (XVXGC) catalog features 141 cluster candidates. Specifically, there are 53 clusters previously identified as clusters with intracluster medium (ICM) emission (class 3); 40 that were previously known as optical or infrared (IR) clusters, but detected as X-ray clusters for the first time (class 2); and 48 identified as clusters for the first time (class 1). Compared with the class 3 sample, the “class 1 + class 2” sample is systematically fainter and exhibits a flatter surface brightness profile. Specifically, the median flux in [0.5–2.0] keV band for “class 1 + class 2” and class 3 sample is 1.288 × 10−14 erg/s/cm2 and 1.887 × 10−14 erg/s/cm2, respectively. The median values of β (i.e., the slope of the cluster surface brightness profile) are 0.506 and 0.573 for the “class 1 + class 2” and class 3 samples, respectively. The entire sample is available at the CDS.
First measurement of the triaxiality of the inner dark matter halo of the Milky Way
Authors: Woudenberg Hanneke C. , Helmi Amina 
Published: October 2024

Context. Stellar streams are particularly sensitive probes of the mass distribution of galaxies.
Aims. In this work, we focus on the Helmi streams (HS), the remnants of an accreted dwarf galaxy orbiting the inner Milky Way. We examined their peculiar dynamical properties in depth, and used these to provide tight constraints on the Galactic potential, and specifically on its dark matter halo in the inner 20 kpc.
Methods. We extracted 6D phase-space information for the HS from Gaia DR3, and confirm that the streams split up into two clumps in angular momentum space, and that these depict different degrees of phase mixing. To explain these characteristics we explored a range of Galactic potential models with a triaxial NFW halo, further constrained by rotation curve data.
Results. We find that a Galactic potential with a mildly triaxial dark matter halo, with p = 1.013−0.006+0.006, q = 1.204−0.036+0.032, Mdiscs = 4.65−0.057+0.047⋅1010 M⊙ and MDM(< 15kpc) = 1.14−0.10+0.11 ⋅ 1111M⊙,is required to form two clumps in angular momentum space over time. Their formation is driven by the fact that the clumps are on different orbital families and close to an orbital resonance. This resonance also explains the different degrees of mixing observed, as well as the presence of a dynamically cold subclump (also known as S2).
Conclusions. This first and very precise measurement of the triaxiality of the inner dark matter halo of the Galaxy uniquely reveals the high sensitivity of phase mixed streams to the exact form of the gravitational potential.
When Bell's Palsy Is Cancer: Avoiding Misdiagnosis and Its Implications
Authors: Wen Y. Edward , Rail Benjamin , Sanchez Cristina V. , Gorman April R. , Rozen Shai M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background Facial paralysis due to cancer can be misdiagnosed as Bell's palsy. This study aims to clearly identify and quantify diagnostic differentiators and further evaluate the prognostic implications of misdiagnosis.
Methods Adult patients older than 18 years with facial palsy of unknown or cancerous etiology presenting between 2009 and 2023 were reviewed. Patient characteristics, examination findings, and clinical course were compared between facial paralysis patients with cancer misdiagnosed as Bell's palsy (Cancer-Bell's-Palsy group) and patients correctly diagnosed with Bell's palsy (Bell's-Palsy group). Additionally, morbidity and mortality were compared between facial paralysis patients with cancer initially misdiagnosed with Bell's palsy and facial paralysis patients initially correctly diagnosed with cancer (Cancer-Palsy group).
Results Two-hundred and forty-three patients participated including 43 Cancer-Palsy, 18 Cancer-Bell's-Palsy, and 182 Bell's-Palsy patients. Cancer-Bell's-Palsy patients were significantly less likely than Bell's-Palsy patients to develop synkinesis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.0042; 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.0005–0.0339]; p < 0.0001), significantly more likely to experience gradual onset facial paralysis (OR = 1,004.69; 95% CI: [54.40–18,555.77]; p < 0.0001), and significantly more likely to have additional nonfacial cranial nerve neuropathies (OR = 49.98; 95% CI: [14.61–170.98]; p < 0.0001). Cancer-Bell's-Palsy patients were more likely than Cancer-Palsy patients to have a greater than 6-month period from initial cancer-attributable symptom onset to cancer diagnosis (OR = 47.62; 95% CI: [9.26–250.00]; p < 0.001), stage IV cancer (OR: 12.36; 95% CI: 1.49–102.71; p = 0.006), and decreased duration of life after cancer diagnosis (median [interquartile range], 40.0 [87.0] vs. 12 [56.3] months, respectively; p = 0.025).
Conclusion Facial paralysis related to cancer must be differentiated from Bell's palsy, as misdiagnosis leads to delayed intervention and poorer prognosis. Gradual onset facial palsy, multiple cranial nerve neuropathies, lack of synkinesis, and lack of improvement were nearly definitive differentiators for underlying cancer.
Interventions to Mitigate EHR and Documentation Burden in Health Professions Trainees: A Scoping Review
Authors: Levy Deborah R. , Rossetti Sarah C. , Brandt Cynthia A. , Melnick Edward R. , Hamilton Andrew , Rinne Seppo T. , Womack Dana , Mohan Vishnu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background Health professions trainees (trainees) are unique as they learn a chosen field while working within electronic health records (EHRs). Efforts to mitigate EHR burden have been described for the experienced health professional (HP), but less is understood for trainees. EHR or documentation burden (EHR burden) affects trainees, although not all trainees use EHRs, and use may differ for experienced HPs.
Objectives This study aimed to develop a model of how interventions to mitigate EHR burden fit within the trainee EHR workflow: the Trainee EHR Burden Model. (We: 1) Examined trainee experiences of interventions aimed at mitigating EHR burden (scoping review) and (2) Adapted an existing workflow model by mapping included studies (concept clarification).
Methods We conducted a four-database scoping review applying Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extensions for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidance, examining scholarly, peer-reviewed studies that measured trainee experience of interventions to mitigate EHR burden. We conducted a concept clarification categorizing, then mapping studies to workflow model elements. We adapted the model to intervenable points for trainee EHR burden.
Results We identified 11 studies examining interventions to mitigate EHR burden that measured trainee experience. Interventions included curriculum, training, and coaching on the existing EHR for both simulated or live tasks; evaluating scribes' impact; adding devices or technology tailored to rounds; and team communication or data presentation at end-of-shift handoffs. Interventions had varying effects on EHR burden, most commonly measured through surveys, and less commonly, direct observation. Most studies had limited sample sizes and focused on inpatient settings and physician trainees.
Conclusion Few studies measured trainee perspectives of interventions aiming to mitigate EHR burden. Many studies applied quasi-experimental designs and focused on inpatient settings. The Trainee EHR Burden Model, adapted from an existing workflow model, offers a starting place to situate points of intervention in trainee workflow. Further research is needed to design new interventions targeting stages of HP trainee workflow, in a range of clinical settings.
Cross-Leg Microvascular Free Anterolateral Thigh Flap as a Safe, Viable, and Reserve Option for Reconstruction in a Vessel-Depleted Limb
Authors: SS Sonika , Sharma Mukesh Kumar , Babu Vaddi Suman , Samraj Catherine , Boyidi Bulli Babu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present the case of a 36-year-old male patient with a posttraumatic composite defect of the lower two-thirds of the anterior aspect of the left leg with exposed necrotic tibia in an old, neglected type 3b fracture of the tibia of 9-month duration. The options for definitive soft-tissue cover include microvascular free tissue transfer and cross-leg flaps. In trauma cases, the surrounding tissue is usually damaged, and the recipient vessels are frequently implicated, ruling out the use of a microvascular free flap. Cross-leg flaps are unachievable due to large defect sizes and lack of appropriate donor tissue. In this case report, we highlight the use of cross-leg microvascular free anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap cover for the composite leg defect. By presenting our case, we aim to advocate the clinical application of cross-leg free flap surgery in vessel-depleted limbs as a safe and viable option.