bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Die Dywidag‐Versuchsschale in Wiesbaden‐Biebrich von 1931
Authors: Stegmann Knut 
Published: August 2016

AbstractVor 85 Jahren entstand ein Foto, das Bautechnikgeschichte schrieb: Eine Gruppe von Mitarbeitern der Baufirma Dyckerhoff & Widmann posierte in Wiesbaden auf einer nur wenige Zentimeter starken Stahlbeton‐Versuchsschale (Bild 1). Bis heute wird die Experimentalkonstruktion als Symbol für die Anfänge des Schalenbaus in zahlreichen Publikationen im In‐ und Ausland präsentiert [2]. Der folgende Artikel befasst sich mit den weniger bekannten Entstehungszusammenhängen des Bauwerks und wirft einen Blick auf dessen wechselvolle Geschichte. Das erhaltene Objekt dokumentiert nämlich nicht nur die frühe Entwicklung des Schalenbaus. Es zeigt auch beispielhaft, wie schwierig die dauerhafte Sicherung solcher nicht wirtschaftlich nutzbarer Zeugnisse der Bautechnik‐ und Industriegeschichte ist [3].
Cellobiose dehydrogenase and chitosan‐based lysozyme responsive materials for antimicrobial wound treatment
Authors: Öhlknecht Christoph , Tegl Gregor , Beer Bianca , Sygmund Christoph , Ludwig Roland , Guebitz Georg M. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe treatment of wound infection still constitutes a major threat in health care due to the increasing number of bacterial resistances and the difficulty of timely infection detection. Here, we present a smart antimicrobial system that is activated in case of infection based on elevated lysozyme activities. N‐acetyl chitosan (degree of N‐acetylation: 40%) was synthesized and hydrolysis by lysozyme in artificial wound fluid (AWF) was demonstrated. This resulted in the formation of N‐acetylated chito oligosaccharides (COS) with a degree of polymerization of 2–5 units. The COS were shown to serve as substrate for cellobiose dehydrogenase (CDH) leading to the production of 1 mM antimicrobial hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) after 24 h incubation at 37°C in AWF. Growth inhibition was seen upon incubation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with this chitosan‐CDH system over 8 h. This approach represents the first self‐regulating system for the infection responsive inhibition of bacterial growth in response to lysozyme as infection biomarker. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 416–422. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Fetal urine biochemistry in antenatal Bartter syndrome: a case report
Authors: Rachid Myriam L. , Dreux Sophie , Czerkiewicz Isabelle , Deschênes Georges , Vargas‐Poussou Rosa , Mahieu‐Caputo Dominique , Oury Jean‐François , Muller Françoise 
Published: August 2016

Key Clinical MessageBartter syndrome is a severe inherited tubulopathy responsible for renal salt wasting, and hence electrolyte disorders and dehydration. Prenatally, it is characterized by severe polyhydramnios caused by fetal polyuria. We studied for the first time fetal urine in a Bartter syndrome case and demonstrated that the tubulopathy is already present at 24 weeks of gestation.
CSChE chemical spill environmental/ecological risk assessment guideline development
Authors: Marta Manny 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Canadian Society for Chemical Engineering (CSChE) Process Safety Management (PSM) Division, with representation from the chemical and oil industry, government, and some other interested parties, concluded that there is no guideline commonly recognized by the chemical industries in Canada for conducting environmental/ecological risk assessments (ERA) involving postulated acute chemical/energy product spills from facilities of interest. These facilities would include those that produce, process, store, distribute, handle, or transport chemicals or energy products. This paper explains the need for this type of guideline in Canada. It will also describe the expertise and stakeholder representation involved in order to optimize credibility and acceptance. Furthermore, it will include information on a proposed scope, objectives, and content for a prospective environmental risk assessment guideline, with an exclusive focus on acute chemical spill events involving fixed and transportation sources. This guideline will also support elements of the proposed CSA Standard on Process Safety Management (PSM).
Testing for additivity in non‐parametric regression
Authors: Zhang Yichi , Staicu Ana‐Maria , Maity Arnab 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis article discusses a novel approach for testing for additivity in non‐parametric regression. We represent the model using a linear mixed model framework and equivalently rewrite the original testing problem as testing for a subset of zero variance components. We propose two testing procedures: the restricted likelihood ratio test and the generalized F test. We develop the finite sample null distribution of the restricted likelihood ratio test and generalized F test using the spectral decomposition of the restricted likelihood ratio and the residual sum of squares, respectively. The null distribution is non‐standard and we provide a fast algorithm to simulate from the null distribution of the tests. We show, through numerical investigation, that the proposed testing procedures outperform the available alternatives and apply the methods to a diabetes data set. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 44: 445–462; 2016 © 2016 Statistical Society of Canada
Insurance status and disparities in disease presentation, treatment, and outcomes for men with germ cell tumors
Authors: Markt Sarah C. , Lago‐Hernandez Carlos A. , Miller Rowan E. , Mahal Brandon A. , Bernard Brandon , Albiges Laurence , Frazier Lindsay A. , Beard Clair J. , Wright Alexi A. , Sweeney Christopher J. 
Published: August 2016

BACKGROUNDPeople aged 26 to 34 years represent the greatest proportion of the uninsured, and they have the highest incidence of testicular cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between insurance status and cancer outcomes in men diagnosed with germ cell tumors.METHODSThe Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database was used to identify 10,211 men diagnosed with germ cell gonadal neoplasms from 2007 to 2011. Associations between insurance status and characteristics at diagnosis and receipt of treatment were examined with log‐binomial regression. The association between insurance status and mortality was assessed with Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTSUninsured patients had an increased risk of metastatic disease at diagnosis (relative risk [RR], 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15‐1.38) in comparison with insured patients, as did Medicaid patients (RR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.51‐1.74). Among men with metastatic disease, uninsured and Medicaid patients were more likely to be diagnosed with intermediate/poor‐risk disease (RR for uninsured patients, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.44; RR for Medicaid patients, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.23‐1.57) and were less likely to undergo lymph node dissection (RR for uninsured patients, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.57‐0.94; RR for Medicaid patients, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.63‐0.92) in comparison with insured patients. Men without insurance were more likely to die of their disease (hazard ratio [HR], 1.88; 95% CI, 1.29‐2.75) in comparison with insured men, as were those with Medicaid (HR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.08‐2.10).CONCLUSIONSPatients without insurance and patients with Medicaid have an increased risk of presenting with advanced disease and dying of the disease in comparison with those who have insurance. Future studies should examine whether implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act reduces these disparities. Cancer 2016;122:3127–35. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Spindle‐cell rhabdomyosarcoma of the thumb: Rare site, rare tumor in a child
Authors: Mahana Sonam , Tomar Reena , Agarwal Anil , Sharma Divya , Khurana Nita , Gupta Ruchika 
Published: August 2016

Spindle‐cell rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a relatively recently recognized favorable variant of embryonal RMS occurring mainly in the paratesticular and head and neck regions. Cytological reports of spindle‐cell RMS have been sparse in the literature and the awareness of its cytological features is not very wide among cytopathologists.A 2‐year‐old girl was brought to clinical attention for a progressively enlarging swelling of right thumb. Imaging studies showed it to be a soft‐tissue tumor in the subcutaneous region. Fine‐needle aspiration yielded moderately cellular smears composed of small, round cells and few spindle cells with tapered cytoplasm. A cytological impression of RMS was rendered, which was later confirmed as spindle‐cell RMS on excision biopsy.Spindle‐cell RMS, a favorable prognostic variant of embryonal RMS, should be considered in the cytologic diagnosis of soft‐tissue tumors with round cell and spindle cell morphology. This is especially true for tumors occurring in hitherto unreported sites. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:1094–1097. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing the ‘two water worlds’ hypothesis and water sources for native and exotic evergreen species in south‐central Chile
Authors: Hervé‐Fernández P. , Oyarzún C. , Brumbt C. , Huygens D. , Bodé S. , Verhoest N. E. C. , Boeckx P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent studies using water‐stable isotopes (δ18O and δ2H) have suggested an ecohydrological separation of water flowing to streams or recharging groundwater and water used by trees, known as the ‘two water worlds’ (TWW) hypothesis. In this study, we measured water isotopic composition in precipitation [open field and throughfall, i.e. local meteoric water line (LMWL)] and the mobile water compartment (i.e. stream and soil solution), bulk soil water and xylem water over a period of 1.5 years in two headwater catchments: NF, covered with old growth native evergreen forest (Aetoxicon punctatum, Laureliopsis philippiana and Eucriphya cordifolia), and EP, covered with 4 and 16‐year‐old Eucalyptus nitens stands.Our results show that precipitation, stream and soil solution plot approximately along the LMWL, while xylem waters from all studied tree species plot below the LMWL, supporting the TWW hypothesis. However, we also found evidence of ecohydrological connectivity during the wet season, likely controlled by the amount of antecedent precipitation. These observations hold for all investigated tree species. On both sites, a different precipitation source for stream and xylem water was observed. However, in EP, bulk soil showed a similar precipitation source as xylem water from both E. nitens stands. This suggests that E. nitens may use water that is recharging the bulk soil compartment. We conclude that under a rainy temperate climate, the TWW hypothesis is temporal and does not apply during wet seasons. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Likely effects of climate change on groundwater availability in a Mediterranean region of Southeastern Spain
Authors: Moutahir Hassane , Bellot Pau , Monjo Robert , Bellot Juan , Garcia Miguel , Touhami Issam 
Published: August 2016

AbstractGroundwater resources are typically the main fresh water source in arid and semi‐arid regions. Natural recharge of aquifers is mainly based on precipitation; however, only heavy precipitation events (HPEs) are expected to produce appreciable aquifer recharge in these environments. In this work, we used daily precipitation and monthly water level time series from different locations over a Mediterranean region of Southeastern Spain to identify the critical threshold value to define HPEs that lead to appreciable aquifer recharge in this region. Wavelet and trend analyses were used to study the changes in the temporal distribution of the chosen HPEs (≥20 mm day−1) over the observed period 1953–2012 and its projected evolution by using 18 downscaled climate projections over the projected period 2040–2099. The used precipitation time series were grouped in 10 clusters according to similarities between them assessed by using Pearson correlations. Results showed that the critical HPE threshold for the study area is 20 mm day−1. Wavelet analysis showed that observed significant seasonal and annual peaks in global wavelet spectrum in the first sub‐period (1953–1982) are no longer significant in the second sub‐period (1983–2012) in the major part of the ten clusters. This change is because of the reduction of the mean HPEs number, which showed a negative trend over the observed period in nine clusters and was significant in five of them. However, the mean size of HPEs showed a positive trend in six clusters. A similar tendency of change is expected over the projected period. The expected reduction of the mean HPEs number is two times higher under the high climate scenario (RCP8.5) than under the moderate scenario (RCP4.5). The mean size of these events is expected to increase under the two scenarios. The groundwater availability will be affected by the reduction of HPE number which will increase the length of no aquifer recharge periods (NARP) accentuating the groundwater drought in the region. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monitoring the Charge Distribution during Proton and Sodium Ion Conduction along Chains of Water Molecules and Protein Residues
Authors: Scheiner Steve 
Published: August 2016

AbstractQuantum calculations are used to determine the level of delocalization of the charge of a cation as it translates along a chain of water molecules or glycine residues. Charge dispersal is monitored via the molecular electrostatic potential and the dipole moment of the entire system. The positive charge is largely localized on the water molecule on which the proton is situated, but becomes more intense and extended as the proton moves along the chain. The positive charge is more delocalized in protonated polyglycine, where it extends over at least an entire residue. Displacement of the proton along the chain intensifies the charge, and progressively polarizes the entire chain. This pattern of charge intensification is more profound in both the 310 and α‐helical structures. An Na+ cation behaves in much the same way as H+ in terms of charge migration.
miR‐346 promotes migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells via targeting BRMS1
Authors: Yan Hong‐ling , Li Li , Li Shu‐juan , Zhang Hai‐sheng , Xu Wei 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the expression and roles of miR‐346 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). We showed that miR‐346 was upregulated in NPC tissues compared with adjacent non‐tumorous nasopharyngeal tissues. Inhibition of miR‐346 significantly attenuated the migration and invasion of NPC cells. Luciferase reporter assay showed that miR‐346 targeted the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1). Overexpression of miR‐346 suppressed the endogenous expression of BRMS1 in NPC cells. There was a significant negative correlation between miR‐346 and BRMS1 protein expression in NPC tissues (r = −0.372, P = 0.008). Rescue experiments demonstrated that overexpression of BRMS1 lacking the 3′‐UTR impaired the invasiveness of NPC cells transfected with miR‐346 mimic. Taken together, miR‐346 shows the ability to promote the migration and invasion of nasopharyngeal cancer cells via targeting BRMS1 and represents a potential therapeutic target for NPC.
Systemic inflammation, body composition, and physical performance in old community‐dwellers
Authors: Calvani Riccardo , Marini Federico , Cesari Matteo , Buford Thomas W. , Manini Todd M. , Pahor Marco , Leeuwenburgh Christiaan , Bernabei Roberto , Landi Francesco , Marzetti Emanuele 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundChronic inflammation, changes in body composition, and declining physical function are hallmarks of the ageing process. The aim of the present study was to provide a preliminary characterisation of the relationship among these age‐related phenomena via multivariate modelling.MethodsThirty‐five old adults (OAs) and 17 young adults (YAs) were enrolled. The volume of skeletal muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) of the thigh was quantified by three‐dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. Muscle strength was measured by knee extension strength testing. In OAs, physical performance was further assessed via the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB). Multi‐block partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (PLS‐DA) was employed to explore the relationship among inflammatory profiles and functional and imaging parameters. Double cross‐validation procedures were used to validate the predictive ability of the PLS‐DA model.ResultsThe optimal complexity of the PLS‐DA model was found to be two latent variables. The proportion of correct classification was 92.3% in calibration (94.1% in YAs and 91.4% in OAs), 84.6% in internal validation (95.3% in YAs and 78.5% in OAs), and 82.6% in external validation (94% in YAs and 76.9% in OAs). Relative to YAs, OAs were characterised by smaller muscle volume, greater IMAT volume, lower muscle strength, and higher levels of myeloperoxidase, P‐selectin, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1. Compared with OAs with SPPB >8, those scoring ≤8 were characterised by smaller muscle volume, greater SAT volume, lower muscle strength, and higher levels of interleukin 1 beta, 6, 10, 12, 13, tumour necrosis factor alpha, and granulocyte‐macrophage colony‐stimulating factor.ConclusionsMulti‐block PLS‐DA identified distinct patterns of relationships among circulating cytokines and functional and imaging parameters in persons of different ages and varying levels of physical performance. The longitudinal implementation of such an innovative strategy could allow for the tracking of health status over time, the early detection of deviations in health trajectories, and the monitoring of response to treatments.
Key factors of scanning a plant virus with AFM in air and aqueous solution
Authors: Eleta‐Lopez Aitziber , Calò Annalisa 
Published: August 2016

AbstractFor tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) as a model virus, this article shows typical issues of scanning soft biological matter by atomic force microscopy (AFM). TMV adsorbed on chemically different flat surfaces, gold, mica, and APDMES‐functionalized silicon, is studied in air and aqueous environment. In air, the TMV particles arrangement shows some variety, depending on the substrate. The height of TMV is reduced to 13.7, 15.8, and 15.6 nm, for gold, APDMES, and mica, respectively while the width is about ∼30 nm due to the influence of the tip radius. In aqueous solution, the surface charges of the virus and the solid support play an important role in the virus adsorption process. While deposition on negatively charged mica is favored only at low pH values, it is shown that positively charged APDMES functionalized silicon can be a suitable substrate to work with at neutral pHs. The effects of cantilever oscillation's free amplitude (A0) and the amplitude set‐point (A) are also assessed here. While high A0 prompt reversible deformation of TMV in measurements performed in air, irreversible damage of the virus in liquid conditions (water) is observed using stiff cantilevers (0.35 N m−1) and high A0 (81 nm), leading to a 6 nm reduction in the height of TMV after the first scan. Finally, low values of the amplitude set‐point (A/A0 = 0.3), which means applying higher forces to the sample, also brings the damage of TMV virus assemblies, reducing its monolayer roughness to 0.3 nm. Microsc. Res. Tech. 80:18–29, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Left truncation criteria for survival analysis of white‐tailed deer
Authors: Norton Andrew S. , Storm Daniel J. , Watt Michael A. , Jacques Christopher N. , Martin Karl , Van Deelen Timothy R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTSurvival estimates are commonly obtained by physically capturing wildlife and marking or affixing a transmitter to a representative sample of the population. Bias induced by capture stress can occur for white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) if capture influences the probability of mortality. To mitigate this bias, researchers often left truncate data for a threshold number of days (14–28 days for deer) after capture. Potential costs of left truncation include reduced sample size and reduced inference. Costs associated with capture and monitoring of deer are substantial, and defining a truncation period is usually arbitrary or ad hoc. Hence, researchers need to evaluate objectively the effects of left truncation. We analyzed time‐to‐event data from 1,001 radio‐collared white‐tailed deer from northern forests and eastern farmlands of Wisconsin, USA in 2011–2014 to evaluate justification for using a 2‐week truncation period by comparing the probability of mortality for deer <2 weeks post‐capture and deer ≥2 weeks post‐capture. We found little support for a difference in mortality between the groups. Results accounting for time of year, study area, and age suggested a 0.69 probability that deer ≥2 weeks post‐ capture had a lower mortality rate than deer <2 weeks post‐capture. Using a reference group of 6–10 ‐month‐old deer in the eastern farmlands in 2011, cumulative capture season mortality was 0.102 (50% CI = 0.075–0.125; SE = 0.037) for deer <2 weeks post‐capture and 0.114 (50% CI = 0.087–0.138; SE = 0.037) for deer ≥2 weeks post‐capture. Our results suggested that when a careful review of cause‐specific mortality is considered for each deer, and presumed capture‐related mortalities are removed from the sample, a 2‐week truncation period is unnecessary. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Biochar from Pyrolysis of Deinking Paper Sludge and Its Use in the Remediation of Zn‐polluted Soils
Authors: Paz‐Ferreiro Jorge , Plasencia Patricia , Gascó Gabriel , Méndez Ana 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAn increasing proportion of recycled fibres are used in paper industries. Removing the ink, clay, coatings and contaminants from paper waste in order to produce recycled fibres creates large amounts of deinking paper sludges. The preparation of biochar from pyrolysis of this waste and its use in soil remediation contaminated with heavy metals could be an interesting valorization alternative. Our aim was to study the influence of biochar from deinking paper sludge (HP) pyrolysis in the treatment of Zn‐polluted soils. Three different soils contaminated with 2000 mg Zn kg−1 were amended at a rate of 10% with deinking paper sludge and deinking paper sludge biochar prepared at three different temperatures (300, 400 and 500 °C). Soils were incubated under laboratory conditions, and soluble Zn was measured. The addition of biochar reduced the amount of mobile Zn. Finally, Zn solubility decrease was more pronounced for biochars prepared at a higher temperature. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.