bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning by Doing in Multiproduct Manufacturing: Variety, Customizations, and Overlapping Product Generations
Authors: Egelman Carolyn D. , Epple Dennis , Argote Linda , Fuchs Erica R. H. 
Published: March 2016

Extending research on organizational learning to multiproduct environments is of particular importance given that the vast majority of products are manufactured in such environments. We investigate learning in a multiproduct facility drawing on exceptionally rich data for a manufacturing firm that is a leading producer of high-technology hardware components. Weekly data for 10 years from the firm’s production and human resource tracking systems are augmented by surveys of managers and engineers and by extensive firsthand observation. We find that productivity improves when multiple generations of the firm’s primary product family are produced concurrently, reflecting the firm’s ability to augment and transfer knowledge from older to newer product generations. No significant transfer of knowledge is evident between the primary product family and other products. Productivity is, however, adversely affected when the production facility is faced with extensive within-product buyer-specific customizations. We develop the implications of these findings for theory and practice. This paper was accepted by Serguei Netessine, operations management.
Queueing Models of Case Managers
Authors: Campello Fernanda , Ingolfsson Armann , Shumsky Robert A. 
Published: March 2016

Many service systems use case managers, servers who are assigned multiple customers and have frequent, repeated interactions with each customer until the customer’s service is completed. Examples may be found in healthcare (emergency department physicians), contact centers (agents handling multiple online chats simultaneously) and social welfare agencies (social workers with multiple clients). We propose a stochastic model of a baseline case-manager system, formulate models that provide performance bounds and stability conditions for the baseline system, and develop two approximations, one of which is based on a two-time-scale approach. Numerical experiments and analysis of the approximations show that increasing case throughput by increasing the probability of case completion can lead to much greater waiting-time reductions than increasing service speed. Many systems place an upper limit on the number of customers simultaneously handled by each case manager. We examine the impact of these caseload limits on waiting time and describe effective, heuristic methods for setting these limits. This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Target Firm-Specific Information and Acquisition Efficiency
Authors: Martin Xiumin , Shalev Ron 
Published: March 2016

This study investigates whether firm-specific information about targets improves acquisition efficiency. We define acquisition efficiency as the total surplus generated by an acquisition and measure it as the difference in the value of the merged firm and the sum of the two firms operating separately. We find a positive association between target firm-specific information and acquisition efficiency that is driven mainly by diversifying acquisitions. Additional evidence suggests that both the likelihood of the withdrawal of an announced acquisition and the likelihood of a future divestiture of a target decrease with target firm-specific information. Taken together, our findings suggest that the availability of this information improves merger and acquisitions efficiency. This paper was accepted by Mary Barth, accounting.
Minor burn management: an Australian regional perspective
Authors: Madsen W. , Flanders M. , Reid-Searl K. , Jones J. , Jirojwong S. 
Published: March 2016

Minor burns are commonly treated in hospital emergency departments. This study aimed to identify the nursing management of minor burns in hospitals in the Queensland region of Australia.A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed to hospitals with emergency departments in this region. The semi-structured questionnaire enquired about the respondents' initial and ongoing management of minor burns. Fifty completed questionnaires were returned, a response rate of 25%. Most respondents (80%) were registered nurses and the rest enrolled nurses.The respondents' practice was compared with that recommended in the literature. Their practice reflected the variations found in the literature, suggesting that some may not be as effective or efficient as others. The authors conclude that further research is required on the efficacy of products used in minor burn management.
Shade tree species diversity and coffee productivity in Sumberjaya, West Lampung, Indonesia
Authors: EVIZAL RUSDI , SUGIATNO SUGIATNO , PRASMAWATI FEMBRIARTI ERRY , NURMAYASARI INDAH 
Published: March 2016

Evizal R, Sugiatno, Prasmatiwi FE, Nurmayasari I. 2016. Shade tree species diversity and coffee productivity in Sumberjaya,Â West Lampung, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 17: 234-240. Shade tree is an important variable that determines the productivity andÂ sustainability of coffee plantation. In West Lampung, Indonesia coffee is grown on private land and on state land of Community ForestÂ Program (CFP) using various types of shade trees. The research explored the diversity of shade trees and its influence on theÂ productivity of coffee farms. The study area was one purposively sampled coffee farmer group in Sumberjaya District, West Lampung.Â We purposively chose one coffee farmer group. The group membersâ€™ farms located in private land and in CFP land were sampledÂ randomly, each consisted of 18 farms. From each farm, we observed a plot of 50 m x 50 mand interviewed the farmer who managed theÂ farm. Data collected were on the species and the number of trees, farm age, coffee tree densities, and productivity of coffee in the last 3Â years. Data analyses of important value, tree species diversity, correlation, and regression were performed. Shade trees found in coffeeÂ farms of Sumberjaya were 36 species, 10 species (28%) of them were legume trees. Technical shade trees that have high importance value were Gliricidia sepium and Erythrina subumbrans. Multi Purpose Trees Species (MPTS) widely planted were Durio zibethinusÂ and Parkia speciosa. The wood trees with a high importance value in the CFP coffee farms were Shorea javanica and MicheliaÂ champaca while in private coffee farms were Maesopsis eminii and Litsea sp. Based on Shannonâ€™s index (Hâ€™) and Simpsonâ€™s dominanceÂ index (Î»), a high diversity of shade tree species was found in CFP coffee farms at age â‰¥20 years. Shade trees with high dominance indexÂ had a positive effect on productivity of coffee and the percentage of MPTS had a negative effect. Whereas, the types of land tenure (private or CFP)Â and the abundance of shade trees did not affect the productivity of coffee.
Challenges for Worldwide Harmonization of Newborn Screening Programs
Authors: Martínez-Morillo Eduardo , Prieto García Belén , Álvarez Menéndez Francisco V 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDInherited metabolic disorders (IMDs) are caused by a defect in a metabolic pathway, leading to malfunctioning metabolism and/or the accumulation of toxic intermediate metabolites. To date, hundreds of IMDs have been identified. Many of these diseases are potentially fatal conditions that are not apparent at birth. Newborn screening (NBS) programs involve the clinical and laboratory examination of neonates who exhibit no health problems, with the aim of discovering those infants who are, in fact, suffering from a treatable condition.CONTENTIn recent years, the introduction of tandem mass spectrometry has allowed the expansion of screening programs. However, this expansion has brought a high degree of heterogeneity in the IMDs tested among different NBS programs. An attempt to harmonize the metabolic conditions recommended to be screened has been carried out. Two uniform screening panels have been proposed in the US and European Union, by knowledgeable organizations. Here, we review current evidence-based processes to assess and expand NBS programs. We also discuss the IMDs that have recently been introduced in some screening programs, such as severe combined immunodeficiencies, lysosomal storage disorders, and adrenoleukodystrophy.SUMMARYNBS programs have been an established public health function for more than 50 years to efficiently and cost-effectively identify neonates with severe conditions. However, NBS is not yet optimal. This review is intended to elucidate the current degree of harmonization of NBS programs worldwide as well as to describe the major controversial points and discuss the multiple challenges that must be confronted in expanded NBS strategies.
Early-Phase Studies of Biomarkers: What Target Sensitivity and Specificity Values Might Confer Clinical Utility?
Authors: Pepe Margaret S , Janes Holly , Li Christopher I , Bossuyt Patrick M , Feng Ziding , Hilden Jørgen 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDMany cancer biomarker research studies seek to develop markers that can accurately detect or predict future onset of disease. To design and evaluate these studies, one must specify the levels of accuracy sought. However, justified target levels are rarely available.METHODSWe describe a way to calculate target levels of sensitivity and specificity for a biomarker intended to be applied in a defined clinical context. The calculation requires knowledge of the prevalence or incidence of cases in the clinical population and the ratio of benefit associated with the clinical consequences of a positive biomarker test in cases (true positive) to cost associated with a positive biomarker test in controls (false positive). Guidance is offered on soliciting the cost/benefit ratio. The calculations are based on the longstanding decision theory concept of providing a net benefit on average in the population, and they rely on some assumptions about uniformity of costs and benefits to those tested.RESULTSCalculations are illustrated with 3 applications: predicting colon cancer recurrence in stage 1 patients; predicting interval breast cancer (between mammography screenings); and screening for ovarian cancer.CONCLUSIONSIt is feasible to specify target levels of biomarker performance that enable evaluation of the potential clinical impact of biomarkers in early-phase studies. Nevertheless, biomarkers meeting the criteria should still be tested rigorously in studies that measure the actual impact on patient outcomes of using the biomarker to make clinical decisions.
Biological Variation: The Effect of Different Distributions on Estimated Within-Person Variation and Reference Change Values
Authors: Røraas Thomas , Støve Bård , Petersen Per Hyltoft , Sandberg Sverre 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Good estimates of within-person biological variation, CVI, are essential for diagnosing and monitoring patients and for setting analytical performance specifications. The aim of the present study was to use computer simulations to evaluate the impact of various measurement distributions on different methods for estimating CVI and reference change value (RCV).

METHOD
Data were simulated on the basis of 3 models for distributions of the within-person effect. We evaluated 3 different methods for estimating CVI: standard ANOVA, ln-ANOVA, and CV-ANOVA, and 3 different methods for calculating RCV: classic, ln-RCV, and a nonparametric method. We estimated CVI and RCV with the different methods and compared the results with the true values.

RESULTS
The performance of the methods varied, depending on both the size of the CVI and the type of distributions. The CV-ANOVA model performed well for the estimation of CVI with all simulated data. The ln-RCV method performed best if data were ln-normal distributed or CVI was less than approximately 12%. The nonparametric RCV method performed well for all simulated data but was less precise.

CONCLUSIONS
The CV-ANOVA model is recommended for both calculation of CVI and the step-by-step approach of checking for outliers and homogeneity in replicates and samples. The standard method for calculation of RCV should not be used when using CVs.
On invariance of plurigenera for foliations on surfaces
Authors: Cascini Paolo , Floris Enrica 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We show that if

(

X
t

,

ℱ
t

)

t
∈
Δ

{(X_{t},\mathcal{F}_{t})_{t\in\Delta}}

is a family of foliations with reduced singularities on a smooth family of surfaces, then invariance of plurigenera

h
0

⁢

(

X
t

,

m
⁢

K

ℱ
t

)

{h^{0}(X_{t},mK_{\mathcal{F}_{t}})}

holds for sufficiently large m.
On the other hand, we provide examples on which the result fails, for small values of m.
On convergence rates for asymptotic discrepancy principle
Authors: Bakushinsky Anatoly , Smirnova Alexandra 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A series of recent numerical experiments for parameter estimation inverse problems in epidemiology [7, 6] have indicated that applicability of the discrepancy principle (DP) does not depend on the structure of a particular regularizing operator. This observation confirmed the original theoretical analysis by Bakushinsky [1, 2] on the construction of fairly general stabilizing algorithms in Banach and Hilbert spaces. In [7, 6], a unified approach to the implementation of the DP for linear ill-posed problems, the Abstract Discrepancy Principle, has been proposed and justified. The current paper investigates the convergence rates of the ADP. Special cases of sectorial and self-adjoint operators are studied.
Inverse spectral problems of transmission eigenvalue problem for anisotropic
media with spherical symmetry assumptions
Authors: Xu Xiao-Chuan , Yang Chuan-Fu , Buterin Sergey A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
We investigate the inverse spectral problem of the interior transmission eigenvalue problem for an anisotropic
medium supported in

D
:=

{
x
:

r
=

|
x
|

≤
1

}

${D:=\{{\rm x}:r=|{\rm x}|\leq 1\}}$

:

{

α
⁢
Δ
⁢
u

+

k
2

⁢
n
⁢
u

=
0

,

Δ
⁢
v

+

k
2

⁢
v

=
0

,

x
∈
D

,

$\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle\alpha\Delta u+k^{2}nu&\displaystyle=0,\\
\displaystyle\Delta v+{k^{2}}v&\displaystyle=0,\quad\mathrm{x}\in D,\end{%
aligned}\right.$

with the boundary conditions

u
=
v

${u=v}$

,

α
⁢
ν

⋅

∇
⁡
u

=

ν
⋅

∇
⁡
v

${\alpha\nu\cdot\nabla u=\nu\cdot\nabla v}$

for

x
∈

∂
⁡
D

${{\rm x}\in\partial D}$

, where α and n are physical parameters. In the spherical symmetry case, we consider the case

α
≠
1

${\alpha\neq 1}$

, whereas most previous
work deals with

α
=
1

${\alpha=1}$

only. In this paper we prove that all transmission eigenvalues (including multiplicity) uniquely determine n and α under the condition

a
:=

∫
0
1

n
⁢

(
r
)

/
α

⁢

𝑑
r

≤
1

${a:=\int_{0}^{1}{\sqrt{n(r)/\alpha}\,dr}\leq 1}$

, and provide construction algorithms. In particular, when

a
=
1

${a=1}$

one needs an additional condition for unique recovery and reconstruction.
Identification of altered microRNAs and mRNAs in the cumulus cells of PCOS patients: miRNA-509-3p promotes oestradiol secretion by targeting MAP3K8
Authors: Huang Xin , Liu Chang , Hao Cuifang , Tang Qianqing , Liu Riming , Lin Shaoxia , Zhang Luping , Yan Wei 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder in women and is characterised by polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism and chronic anovulation. Although the clinical and biochemical signs of PCOS are typically heterogeneous, abnormal folliculogenesis is considered a common characteristic of PCOS. Our aim is to identify the altered miRNA and mRNA expression profiles in the cumulus cells of PCOS patients to investigate their molecular function in the aetiology and pathophysiology of PCOS. In this study, the miRNA expression profiles of the cumulus cell samples isolated from five PCOS and five control patients were determined by an miRNA microarray. At the same time, the altered mRNA profiles of the same cumulus cell samples were also identified by a cDNA microarray. From the microarray data, 17 miRNAs and 1263 mRNAs showed significantly different expression in the PCOS cumulus cells. The differentially expressed miRNA-509-3p and its potential target gene (MAP3K8) were identified from the miRNA and mRNA microarrays respectively. The expression of miRNA-509-3p was up-regulated and MAP3K8 was down-regulated in the PCOS cumulus cells. The direct interaction between miRNA-509-3p and MAP3K8 was confirmed by a luciferase activity assay in KGN cells. In addition, miRNA-509-3p mimics or inhibitor transfection tests in KGN cells further confirmed that miRNA-509-3p improved oestradiol (E2) secretion by inhibiting the expression of MAP3K8. These results help to characterise the pathogenesis of anovulation in PCOS, especially the regulation of E2 production.
Safety of an Oral Fixed Combination of Netupitant and Palonosetron (NEPA): Pooled Data From the Phase II/III Clinical Program
Authors: Aapro Matti , Hesketh Paul J. , Jordan Karin , Gralla Richard J. , Rossi Giorgia , Rizzi Giada , Palmas Marco 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background.
Standard prophylaxis for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) with highly emetogenic and anthracycline-cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy includes a 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonist, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist (NK1RA), and corticosteroid therapy. NEPA is a fixed combination of netupitant and palonosetron. The primary objective of this analysis was to document the safety profile, including cardiac safety, of NEPA + dexamethasone in comparison with current therapies across all phase II/III trials.

Materials and Methods.
This pooled analysis was based on data from 3,280 patients in 4 randomized, double-blind clinical trials. Patients were categorized into 1 of 3 pooled groups on the basis of actual treatment received: NEPA + dexamethasone, palonosetron + dexamethasone, and aprepitant + ondansetron/palonosetron + dexamethasone. Safety was assessed by number and frequency of adverse events (AEs) and changes from baseline electrocardiogram measures.

Results.
Most patients were female and younger than 65 years of age. Demographic characteristics varied among studies and pooled groups. Frequencies of treatment-emergent AEs (TEAEs) and treatment-related AEs (TRAEs) were similar across groups. TEAEs were mostly mild and consistent with expected chemotherapy and disease-related AEs (hematologic events, hair loss, general weakness). TRAEs in ≥2% of patients were headache and constipation. Frequencies of cardiac TEAEs were similar across groups, with QT prolongation (1.6%), tachycardia (1.1%), and dyspnea (0.9%) the most common. Serious cardiac TEAEs were rare.

Conclusion.
NEPA was well-tolerated, with an AE profile as expected for the regimen. Sample size, demographic characteristics, study design, chemotherapy, and antiemetic regimen differences across the four studies may have contributed to differences in frequencies of neutropenia and alopecia. Adding an NK1RA to a CINV prophylaxis regimen can improve outcomes without additional toxicity.
Forty-Year Trends in Cholangiocarcinoma Incidence in the U.S.: Intrahepatic Disease on the Rise
Authors: Saha Supriya K. , Zhu Andrew X. , Fuchs Charles S. , Brooks Gabriel A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Background.
Challenges in the diagnosis and classification of cholangiocarcinoma have made it difficult to quantify the true incidence of this highly aggressive malignancy.

Methods.
We analyzed the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data to assess long-term trends in the age-standardized incidence of intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma between 1973 and 2012, correcting for systematic coding errors. Because intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) may frequently be misdiagnosed as cancer of unknown primary (CUP), we also analyzed trends in the incidence of CUP.

Results.
Between 1973 and 2012, the reported U.S. incidence of ICC increased from 0.44 to 1.18 cases per 100,000, representing an annual percentage change (APC) of 2.30%; this trend has accelerated during the past decade to an APC of 4.36%. The incidence of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma increased modestly from 0.95 to 1.02 per 100,000 during the 40-year period (APC, 0.14%). The incidence of CUP with histologic features potentially consistent with cholangiocarcinoma decreased by 51% between 1973 and 2012 (APC, −1.87%), whereas the incidence of CUP with squamous or nonepithelial histologic features increased modestly (APC, 0.42%).

Conclusion.
The recognized incidence of ICC in the U.S. continues to rise, whereas the incidence of ECC is stable. The incidence of CUP has fallen dramatically during the same time period.
APLICAÇÃO DO KINESIO TAPING® ASSOCIADO À CINESIOTERAPIA NA CORREÇÃO DA MARCHA PÓS ACIDENTE VASCULAR ENCEFÁLICO
Authors: Pereira Junior Altair Argentino , Butzke Jaqueline , Persuhn Jéssica Janaína 
Published: March 2016

Introdução: O Acidente Vascular Encefálico (AVE) representa a sexta causa mais importante de enfermidades em todo o mundo e nos Estados Unidos é a terceira causa de morte mais comum. Uma das sequelas mais comuns nos hemiparetico é o déficit da marcha, que é caracterizada por alterações na fase de balanço e apoio. Objetivo: verificar a influência da aplicação do Método Kinesio Taping® associado à Cinesioterapia nas alterações da marcha do paciente pós AVE. Estudo do Caso: Estudo realizado na forma de relato de caso, experimental, quantitativo, qualitativo, realizado na Clínica de Fisioterapia Benedito, na cidade de Benedito Novo, paciente do sexo feminino, 32 anos de idade, com diagnóstico de AVE do tipo Isquêmico, há 5 anos, apresenta hemiparesia em lado direito. Resultados e Discussão: Houve uma diminuição da espasticidade do membro afetado, um aumento da amplitude de movimento global, colaborando assim para uma melhor execução e velocidade da marcha e do equilíbrio nas atividades de vida diária. Conclusão: Considerando as evidências encontradas neste estudo, o mesmo pode ser considerado relevante na prática, onde acredita-se que o método Kinesio Taping® associado à cinesioterapia pode reduzir a alteração na marcha do paciente com AVE.
Vulnerabilidade física, social e programática de idosos: estudo descritivo
Authors: Barbosa Keylla Talitha Fernandes , Melo Fernandes Maria das Graças 
Published: March 2016

Objetivo: identificar vulnerabilidades física, social e programática entre os idosos atendidos na Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) do município de João Pessoa/PB. Método: inquérito domiciliar com delineamento descritivo, de corte transversal, realizado com 368 idosos no período de fevereiro a abril de 2014. Resultado: constatou-se que a maioria dos indivíduos era fisicamente vulnerável, apresentando autoavaliação da saúde ruim e dificuldades na mobilidade e na realização das atividades da vida diária. Houve predominância de idosos que residiam em áreas de baixa vulnerabilidade social e utilizavam com maior frequência os serviços prestados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde. Conclusão: embora pouco estudado na gerontologia, o conceito da vulnerabilidade enfatiza a importância da ampliação do cuidado integral e contextualizado na saúde do idoso por meio de reconhecimento de aspectos individuais e coletivos que influenciam na sua qualidade de vida.