bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immunity against hepatitis E virus infection: Implications for therapy and vaccine development
Authors: Hakim Mohamad S. , Ikram Aqsa , Zhou Jianhua , Wang Wenshi , Peppelenbosch Maikel P. , Pan Qiuwei 
Published: December 2017

SummaryHepatitis E virus (HEV) is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis worldwide and an emerging cause of chronic infection in immunocompromised patients. As with viral infections in general, immune responses are critical to determine the outcome of HEV infection. Accumulating studies in cell culture, animal models and patients have improved our understanding of HEV immunopathogenesis and informed the development of new antiviral therapies and effective vaccines. In this review, we discuss the recent progress on innate and adaptive immunity in HEV infection, and the implications for the devolopment of effective vaccines and immune‐based therapies.
Risk of HLA Homozygous Cord Blood Transplantation: Implications for Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Banking and Transplantation
Authors: Morishima Yasuo , Azuma Fumihiro , Kashiwase Koichi , Matsumoto Kayoko , Orihara Takeshi , Yabe Hiromasa , Kato Shunichi , Kato Koji , Kai Shunro , Mori Tetsuo , Nakajima Kazunori , Morishima Satoko , Satake Masahiro , Takanashi Minoko , Yabe Toshio ,   on behalf of the Japanese Cord Blood Transplantation Histocompatibility Research Group
Published: December 2017

AbstractClinical application of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS) in autologous settings has just begun. To overcome the high time and cost barriers in the individual production of autologous iPS, the use of allogeneic iPS with a homozygous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotype (HLA-homo HP) has been proposed. Cord blood transplantation (CBT) is a suitable model for evaluating the allogeneic immunogenicity of iPS transplantation from HLA-homo donors. We analyzed 1,374 Japanese single cord blood transplant pairs who were retrospectively typed as HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DQB1, and -DPB1. Among these, six pairs with donor HLA homo—patient-HLA hetero (homo-hetero) were found, all of which showed favorable neutrophil engraftment. Multivariate analysis revealed a significantly elevated engraftment risk (HR = 1.59) compared with hetero-hetero pairs with HLA 1-2 locus mismatch (789 pts) and comparative risk (HR = 1.23) compared with hetero-hetero pairs with 0 mismatch (104 pts). These results for CBT with HLA-homo HP cord blood carry an important implication, namely the possibility that HLA-homo iPS transplantation results in favorable engraftment. Furthermore, we obtained detailed information on HLA alleles and haplotypes of HLA-homo. All donor HLA-homo HPs had a common specific ethnicity and high conservation of the HLA region, and one of two patient heterogeneous HPs invariably shared the same HP as donor HLA-homo HP, and another non-shared patient HP was mismatched with 1 to 4 HLA alleles of HLA-A, -B, -C, and -DRB1 loci in the GVH direction. These findings indicate that patients possessing a single common HLA haplotype have a higher chance of yielding HLA-homo iPS.
Effectiveness of Japanese Kampo treatment in dysmenorrhea: Single‐center observational study
Authors: Horiba Yuko , Yoshino Tetsuhiro , Watanabe Kenji 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTAimKampo medicine, a Japanese traditional medicine, is a leading candidate in alternative medicine for treating dysmenorrhea. The efficacy of some formulas has been reported in randomized placebo‐controlled trials, but the effectiveness and safety of Kampo treatment with regard to specialist selection of an appropriate formula remain unclear. We therefore conducted a single‐center observational study to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Kampo treatment for dysmenorrhea.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of patients with dysmenorrhea at Keio University Hospital between May 2008 and March 2015. Exclusion criteria were age >50 years and failure to attend follow up. Patients with any degree of improvement in dysmenorrhea by ≤90 days after the first consultation were categorized in the effective dysmenorrhea treatment group. We also examined any improvement in other symptoms after the prescription of medicine for the patients not included in the aforementioned group. Adverse reactions were also investigated.ResultsWe examined 157 patients, with a median age of 33 years (range, 12–49 years) at the time of the first consultation. A total of 122 patients (77.7%) were diagnosed with primary dysmenorrhea, 99 of whom (63.1%) were categorized in the effective dysmenorrhea treatment group. In addition, loss of appetite, premenstrual symptoms, and cold sensations were improved in the patients not in the effective dysmenorrhea treatment group. Adverse, but mild, reactions were reported in 15.9% of patients.ConclusionKampo treatment by specialists can be a safe treatment option for dysmenorrhea.
Form and function relationships revealed by long‐term research in a semiarid mountain catchment
Authors: McNamara James P. , Benner Shawn G. , Poulos Michael J. , Pierce Jennifer L. , Chandler David G. , Kormos Patrick R. , Marshall Hans‐Peter , Flores Alejandro N. , Seyfried Mark , Glenn Nancy F. , Aishlin Pamella 
Published: December 2017

Fifteen years of cumulative research in the Dry Creek Experimental Watershed in southwest Idaho, USA, has revealed relationships between catchment form and function that would not have been possible through independent short‐term projects alone. The impacts of aspect and elevation on incident energy and water, coupled with climate seasonality, have produced tightly connected landform properties and hydrologic processes. North‐facing hillslopes have steeper slope angles, thicker soil mantles, finer soil texture, and higher water holding capacities than their south‐facing counterparts. This trend is modulated by elevation and vegetation; higher elevation sites, where aspect differences in vegetation are less evident, exhibit less distinct hydrologic properties. The storage of water first as snow, then as soil moisture determines how upland ecosystems survive the seasonal and persistent water stress that happens each year, and sustains streamflow throughout the year. The cumulative body of local knowledge has improved general understanding of catchment science, serves as a resource for conceptual and numerical evaluation of process‐based models, and for data‐driven hydrologic education. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1267. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1267This article is categorized under:

Science of Water > Hydrological Processes
Science of Water > Water and Environmental Change
Do Transmasculine Speakers Present With Gender-Related Voice Problems? Insights From a Participant-Centered Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Azul David , Arnold Aron , Neuschaefer-Rube Christiane 
Published: December 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there are indications of gender-related voice problems in our transmasculine participants and to analyze how discrepancies between participant self-evaluations and researcher-led examinations can be best negotiated to ensure a participant-centered interpretation.

Method
We conducted a participant-centered mixed-methods study combining qualitative content analyses of semistructured interviews, acoustical voice analyses, and an examination of gender attributions to voice. Fourteen German-speaking transmasculine people, 14 cisfemale control persons, and 7 cismale control persons participated. The data were examined for indications of gender-related voice problems pertaining to vocal gender presentation and gender attribution to voice received from others.

Results
Eleven participants (79%) presented with indications of gender-related voice problems. Problems included dissatisfaction with gender-related voice features, difficulties with control of vocal gender presentation, and mismatch between desired gender attribution and gender attributions received from others. Discrepancies between participant self-evaluations and researcher-led examinations were observed in a number of cases.

Conclusion
Transmasculine speakers may experience a range of gender-related voice problems. Research and clinical practice with transmasculine people need to be adapted to better match the diversity of the population and the complexity of the processes that shape the production of speaker vocal gender in interaction.
R2DGC: threshold-free peak alignment and identification for 2D gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in R
Authors: Ramaker Ryne C , Gordon Emily R , Cooper Sara J 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Summary
Comprehensive 2D gas chromatography-mass spectrometry is a powerful method for analyzing complex mixtures of volatile compounds, but produces a large amount of raw data that requires downstream processing to align signals of interest (peaks) across multiple samples and match peak characteristics to reference standard libraries prior to downstream statistical analysis. Very few existing tools address this aspect of analysis and those that do have shortfalls in usability or performance. We have developed an R package that implements retention time and mass spectra similarity threshold-free alignments, seamlessly integrates retention time standards for universally reproducible alignments, performs common ion filtering and provides compatibility with multiple peak quantification methods. We demonstrate that our package’s performance compares favorably to existing tools on a controlled mix of metabolite standards separated under variable chromatography conditions and data generated from cell lines.

Availability and implementation
R2DGC can be downloaded at https://github.com/rramaker/R2DGC or installed via the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN).

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Of jellyfish, fish, and humans
Authors: Purcell Jennifer E 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This paper follows my journey from childhood in Missouri, where I saw my first jellyfish, to the oceans of the world. Pelagic cnidarians and ctenophores (“jellies”) have been the focus of my career. I think my work has been relevant to the broader scientific community because jellies are predators and potential competitors of fish. In my early research, I quantitatively estimated the predation effects of jellies on zooplankton and ichthyoplankton. I found that most jellies are selective predators, with a few species having diets of only fish larvae or soft-bodied prey. As I learned more about the physical environment that jellies encounter, my early reductionist approach evolved into a more holistic approach. I thought the asexual multiplication from the attached polyp stage would be fundamental in determining jellyfish population size and that the effects of environmental variables could be tested experimentally. It also seemed that humans have changed the natural environment in ways favoring jellies over fish and jelly populations may have increased in developed, eutrophic, hypoxic, overfished, and warming coastal waters. Many opportunities were available that gave me a global perspective. I have persisted despite some difficulties because I love to learn and I am still having fun!
Preparedness Education in the Baccalaureate Nursing Curriculum
Authors: Bowker Dawn M. , Tomlinson Brandi J. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Healthy People 2020 supports the preparation of nurse graduates to assess emergency preparedness needs of defined populations and includes preparedness as one of its objectives. Natural disaster preparedness is addressed through the lens of community-centered care that meets the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses domains of patient-centered care and teamwork and collaboration. This article discusses the development of an authentic clinical experience through collaboration between the American Red Cross and a baccalaureate nursing program.
Exploring APN Students’ Perceptions, Self-Confidence, and Satisfaction With Clinical Simulation
Authors: Woodruff Kathleen , O'Neill Sharon Patricia , Walton-Moss Benita Jean 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore advanced practice students’ perceptions, self-confidence, and satisfaction with clinical simulation as a learning tool. The simulation was part of a health assessment course with 69 students, 25 of whom had no RN experience. On average, students were undecided but trended toward agreement that each key simulation feature was present in the simulation. Students without experience were significantly less likely to feel supported during the simulation and to endorse the appropriateness of the selected problem for the simulation. Upon multiple regression analysis, only fidelity was significantly associated with self-confidence (p = .003).
Verbal Learning and Memory After Cochlear Implantation in Postlingually Deaf Adults: Some New Findings with the CVLT-II
Authors: Pisoni David B. , Broadstock Arthur , Wucinich Taylor , Safdar Natalie , Miller Kelly , Hernandez Luis R. , Vasil Kara , Boyce Lauren , Davies Alexandra , Harris Michael S. , Castellanos Irina , Xu Huiping , Kronenberger William G. , Moberly Aaron C. 
Published: December 2017

Objectives:
Despite the importance of verbal learning and memory in speech and language processing, this domain of cognitive functioning has been virtually ignored in clinical studies of hearing loss and cochlear implants in both adults and children. In this article, we report the results of two studies that used a newly developed visually based version of the California Verbal Learning Test–Second Edition (CVLT-II), a well-known normed neuropsychological measure of verbal learning and memory.

Design:
The first study established the validity and feasibility of a computer-controlled visual version of the CVLT-II, which eliminates the effects of audibility of spoken stimuli, in groups of young normal-hearing and older normal-hearing (ONH) adults. A second study was then carried out using the visual CVLT-II format with a group of older postlingually deaf experienced cochlear implant (ECI) users (N = 25) and a group of ONH controls (N = 25) who were matched to ECI users for age, socioeconomic status, and nonverbal IQ. In addition to the visual CVLT-II, subjects provided data on demographics, hearing history, nonverbal IQ, reading fluency, vocabulary, and short-term memory span for visually presented digits. ECI participants were also tested for speech recognition in quiet.

Results:
The ECI and ONH groups did not differ on most measures of verbal learning and memory obtained with the visual CVLT-II, but deficits were identified in ECI participants that were related to recency recall, the buildup of proactive interference, and retrieval-induced forgetting. Within the ECI group, nonverbal fluid IQ, reading fluency, and resistance to the buildup of proactive interference from the CVLT-II consistently predicted better speech recognition outcomes.

Conclusions:
Results from this study suggest that several underlying foundational neurocognitive abilities are related to core speech perception outcomes after implantation in older adults. Implications of these findings for explaining individual differences and variability and predicting speech recognition outcomes after implantation are discussed.
Oxygen Exposure Resulting in Arterial Oxygen Tensions Above the Protocol Goal Was Associated With Worse Clinical Outcomes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome*
Authors: Aggarwal Neil R. , Brower Roy G. , Hager David N. , Thompson B. Taylor , Netzer Giora , Shanholtz Carl , Lagakos Adrian , Checkley William 
Published: December 2017

Objectives:
High fractions of inspired oxygen may augment lung damage to exacerbate lung injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Participants enrolled in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network trials had a goal partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood range of 55–80 mm Hg, yet the effect of oxygen exposure above this arterial oxygen tension range on clinical outcomes is unknown. We sought to determine if oxygen exposure that resulted in a partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood above goal (> 80 mm Hg) was associated with worse outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Design:
Longitudinal analysis of data collected in these trials.

Setting:
Ten clinical trials conducted at Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Network hospitals between 1996 and 2013.

Subjects:
Critically ill patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Interventions:
None.

Measurements and Main Results:
We defined above goal oxygen exposure as the difference between the fraction of inspired oxygen and 0.5 whenever the fraction of inspired oxygen was above 0.5 and when the partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood was above 80 mm Hg. We then summed above goal oxygen exposures in the first five days to calculate a cumulative above goal oxygen exposure. We determined the effect of a cumulative 5-day above goal oxygen exposure on mortality prior to discharge home at 90 days. Among 2,994 participants (mean age, 51.3 yr; 54% male) with a study-entry partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood/fraction of inspired oxygen that met acute respiratory distress syndrome criteria, average cumulative above goal oxygen exposure was 0.24 fraction of inspired oxygen-days (interquartile range, 0–0.38). Participants with above goal oxygen exposure were more likely to die (adjusted interquartile range odds ratio, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.11–1.31) and have lower ventilator-free days (adjusted interquartile range mean difference of –0.83; 95% CI, –1.18 to –0.48) and lower hospital-free days (adjusted interquartile range mean difference of –1.38; 95% CI, –2.09 to –0.68). We observed a dose-response relationship between the cumulative above goal oxygen exposure and worsened clinical outcomes for participants with mild, moderate, or severe acute respiratory distress syndrome, suggesting that the observed relationship is not primarily influenced by severity of illness.

Conclusions:
Oxygen exposure resulting in arterial oxygen tensions above the protocol goal occurred frequently and was associated with worse clinical outcomes at all levels of acute respiratory distress syndrome severity.
Autologous Fat Transfer for Facial Rejuvenation: A Systematic Review on Technique, Efficacy, and Satisfaction
Authors: Groen Jan-Willem , Krastev Todor K. , Hommes Juliette , Wilschut Janneke A. , Ritt Marco J. P. F. , van der Hulst Rene R. J. W. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Parallel to the steady decline in surgical aesthetic procedures to the face, dermal fillers seem to have gained a more prominent place in facial rejuvenation over the last couple of years. As a dermal, facial filler, autologous fat transfer (AFT) seems to have real potential because of the biocompatibility of adipose tissue besides being a procedure with few and primarily minor complications. This systematic review aims to evaluate the available evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of AFT for facial rejuvenation.

Method:
A systematic review after the Preferred-Reporting-Items-for-Systematic-Reviews-and-Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement was conducted. MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched up to December 2016, with no language restrictions imposed. Case series, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) reporting on relevant outcomes were included.

Results:
Eighteen clinical articles were included, reporting on 3,073 patients in total over a mean follow-up period of 13.9 months. Meta-analysis showed an overall complication rate of 6% (95% CI 3.0–14.0), with hematoma/ecchymosis (5%), fat necrosis/oil cysts (2%), and irregular fat distribution and scars (both 2%) being among the most reported. No major complications were reported, and the overall patient satisfaction rate was 81%.

Conclusion:
Although the evidence in this systematic review is still limited and plagued by heterogeneity between studies, AFT seems to be a promising method in facial rejuvenation with fewer complications than other fillers and high patient satisfaction rates. Further large-cohort, preferably multicenter, RCTs should substantiate these results through quantifiable volumetric assessment tools and validated patient questionnaires, while adhering to predetermined nomenclature in terms of complications.
Utility of Point-of-care Ultrasound in Children With Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Bélard Sabine , Heuvelings Charlotte C. , Banderker Ebrahim , Bateman Lindy , Heller Tom , Andronikou Savvas , Workman Lesley , Grobusch Martin P. , Zar Heather J. 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) detects extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in HIV infected adults but has not been evaluated in children despite their higher risk of EPTB. This study’s aims were to investigate feasibility of POCUS for EPTB in children, frequency of POCUS findings suggestive of EPTB and time to sonographic resolution of findings with treatment.

Methods:
This prospective South African cohort study enrolled children with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). POCUS for pleural, pericardial or ascitic effusion, abdominal lymphadenopathy or splenic or hepatic microabscesses was performed and repeated at 1, 3 and 6 months of tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Prevalence of POCUS findings and their association with HIV infection was investigated in children with confirmed PTB (microbiologically proven), unconfirmed PTB (clinically diagnosed) or unlikely TB (respiratory disease that improved during follow-up without TB treatment).

Results:
Of 232 children [median age 37 months (interquartile range, 18–74)], 39 (17%) were HIV infected. Children with confirmed or unconfirmed PTB had a higher prevalence of POCUS findings than children with unlikely TB [18 of 58 (31%) and 36 of 119 (30%) vs. 8 of 55 (15%); P = 0.04 and P = 0.03, respectively]. Pleural effusion [n = 30 (13%)] or abdominal lymphadenopathy [n = 28 (12%)] were the most common findings; splenic microabscesses [n = 12 (5%)] were strongly associated with confirmed PTB. Children coinfected with HIV and TB were more likely than HIV-uninfected children with TB to have abdominal lymphadenopathy (37% vs. 10%; P < 0.001) or splenic microabscesses (23% vs. 3%; P < 0.001]. Most ultrasound findings were resolved by 3 months with appropriate TB treatment.

Conclusions:
POCUS for EPTB in children with PTB is feasible. The high prevalence of findings suggests that POCUS can contribute to timely diagnosis of childhood TB and to monitoring treatment response.