bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endocardial ablation of ganglionated plexus for the treatment of carotid sinus syndrome
Authors: Minguito‐Carazo Carlos , Martínez‐Alday Jesús Daniel , Seara Javier García , Martínez‐Sande José Luis , González‐Ferrero Teba , Shangutov Oleksandr , Elices‐Teja Juliana , López X. Alberte Fernández , González‐Juanatey José Ramón , Rodríguez‐Mañero Moisés 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionCarotid sinus syndrome (CSS), characterized by exaggerated vagal responses leading to asystolic pauses with carotid sinus massage (CSM), often necessitates pacemaker implantation. This study investigates cardioneuroablation (CNA) as an alternative strategy for CSS.MethodsProspective study of consecutive patients referred for CNA due to CSS. All patients underwent CSM, atropine test and 24‐h Holter monitoring before the procedure and at 6 months. The primary objective was the absence of any cardioinhibitory response to CSM following CNA. Secondary objectives included the combined endpoint of syncope and presyncope‐free survival, pacemaker‐free survival, differences in heart rate variation (HRV), as well as differences in the pre‐ and postprocedure atropine tests and in the SF‐36 quality‐of‐life questionnaire.ResultsA total of 13 consecutive patients (84.6% male, mean age 63.8 ± 12.3 years) were included. CSM revealed a symptomatic asystolic pause in all patients before CNA (7.3 [5.6–10.5] s). After the procedure, all the patients had a negative CSM, and only one patient (7.7%) had a positive CSM at 6 months. After a median follow‐up of 11.2 (10.6–16.3) months, syncope or presyncope‐free survival was 84.6%, and none required pacemaker implantation. There was an improvement in the energy and health change items in the SF‐36 questionnaire. There was a reduction in HR increase in the atropine test at 6 months (pre‐CNA: 66% [52–84] vs. post‐CNA 26.0% (19.8–29.3]; p = .008) and in HRV parameters.ConclusionsIn this proof‐of‐efficacy study, performed in patients affected by asystolic CSS, CNA was effective in reducing the rate of cardioinhibitory responses, suggesting a potential efficacy in also reducing syncopal recurrences. Controlled trials are warranted to corroborate clinical findings.
PTGES is involved in myofibroblast differentiation via HIF‐1α‐dependent glycolysis pathway
Authors: Lin Min‐Hsi , Lee Yi‐Chen , Liao Jia‐Bin , Chou Chih‐Yu , Yang Yi‐Fang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. Patients with lung cancer usually exhibit poor prognoses and low 5‐year survival rates. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both chronic lung dysfunctions resulting in lung fibrosis and increased risk of lung cancer. Myofibroblasts contribute to the progression of asthma, COPD and IPF, leading to fibrosis in the airway and lungs. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that metabolic reprogramming is a major hallmark of fibrosis, being important in the progression of fibrosis. Using gene expression microarray, we identified and validated that the lipid metabolic pathway was upregulated in lung fibroblasts upon interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐13 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α treatment. In this study, we described that prostaglandin E synthase (PTGES) was upregulated in lung fibroblasts after IL‐4, IL‐13 and TNF‐α treatments. PTGES increased α‐SMA levels and promoted lung fibroblast cell migration and invasion abilities. Furthermore, PTGES was upregulated in a lung fibrosis rat model in vivo. PTGES increased AKT phosphorylation, leading to activation of the HIF‐1α‐glycolysis pathway in lung fibroblast cells. HIF‐1α inhibitor or 2‐DG treatments reduced α‐SMA expression in recombinant PTGES (rPTGES)‐treated lung fibroblast cells. Targeting PGE2 signalling in PTGES‐overexpressing cells by a PTGES inhibitor reduced α‐SMA expression. In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate that PTGES increases the expression of myofibroblast marker via HIF‐1α‐dependent glycolysis and contributes to myofibroblast differentiation.
Introducing a specified on‐line multimodal prehabilitation approach for total knee replacement surgery candidates using data from the COVID‐19 pandemic: An exploratory field‐based, pre‐post, mixed methods implementation pilot study
Authors: Garland Laura , Gibson Jamie , Pickford Rashida , Jones Gareth D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleIndividuals waiting for total‐knee‐replacement surgery are at risk of developing morbidities and frailty which may affect their postoperative recovery. Multi‐modal prehabilitation could mitigate these unintentional effects.Aims and ObjectivesTo implement and evaluate a specified online multi‐modal prehabilitation intervention in patients waiting for total‐knee‐replacement surgery in a large urban acute hospital trust.MethodA non‐randomised, pre/post analysis implementation pilot with a nested qualitative study was conducted and is reported following the standards for implementation studies (StaRI) guidance. Of 35 listed cases, 12 (34%) were eligible, recruited, and completed an 8‐week multi‐modal online intervention incorporating 5 modalities (i) cardiovascular exercise, (ii) strength/balance function, (iii) smoking cessation, (iv) opioid use, (v) nutritional intake. Interventions were specified using the Rehabilitation Treatment Specification System, where rehabilitation treatment theory accounts for discrete treatment components. Two participated in an online qualitative interview post‐intervention. Process evaluation included intervention fidelity, eligibility/recruitment/retention rates, and clinical outcomes included knee function, frailty, gait velocity, anxiety/depression, and quality of life.ResultsFive participants (42%) completed the intervention and were retained at follow‐up. The intervention was delivered online at specified doses, frequency/durations indicative of high respective adherence, quantity, and exposure fidelity.There was significant improvement in median oxford knee score (p = 0.015), gait velocity (p = 0.040) and anxiety (p = 0.023). The interview revealed 5 themes; surgery preconceptions, motivation, acceptability, postoperative experiences, and future recommendations confirming acceptance of the intervention by virtue of adhering to the treatment exposure delivered as planned.ConclusionThe specified multi‐modal prehabilitation was acceptable, implementable, and demonstrated evidence of preliminary efficacy. Further experimental pilot work that represents the spectrum of frailty, obesity, quality of life, and comorbidities associated with total‐knee‐replacement surgery is indicated.
Music and Sleep Hygiene Interventions for Pregnancy‐Related Insomnia: An Online Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hoegholt Nadia Flensted , Krænge Camilla Eva , Vuust Peter , Kringelbach Morten , Jespersen Kira Vibe 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionApproximately 50% to 60% of all pregnant women suffer from insomnia during pregnancy. Pregnancy‐related insomnia has been associated with severe outcomes for both mother and child postnatally. Currently, the treatment of pregnancy‐related insomnia is often neglected due to a lack of suitable treatments. This online assessor‐masked randomized controlled trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of music listening and sleep hygiene for treating pregnancy‐related insomnia.MethodsWe recruited first‐time pregnant women at the end of the second trimester with a report of poor sleep. Participants in the music and sleep hygiene (MSH) group received standard sleep hygiene advice and were instructed to listen to music daily at bedtime for 4 weeks. They could choose from 6 sleep playlists of different genres. Participants randomized to the sleep hygiene alone (SH) group received standard sleep hygiene only. Primary outcomes were sleep quality measured with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and insomnia severity measured with the Insomnia Severity Index. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04633395.ResultsAmong the 98 participants receiving the online intervention, 31 participants in the MSH group (62%) and 40 participants in the SH group (80%) completed the postintervention measurements. Both groups experienced improved sleep quality during the intervention period (PSQI change, −2.10; 95% CI, −3.27 to −0.93; P < .001), with no significant difference between the groups. Similarly, insomnia symptoms were reduced (Insomnia Severity Index change, −3.42; 95% CI, −5.02 to −1.83; P < .001) with no significant difference in the effect between groups. There was a significant difference in adherence to sleep hygiene between the MSH and SH groups (42% vs 8%; P = .007).DiscussionSleep quality and insomnia severity can be improved in pregnant women with relatively simple interventions like music listening and sleep hygiene advice. These results align with previous research, but larger trials are recommended to support introduction into clinical practice.
Citrus tamurana Hort. ex Tanaka (Hyuganatsu orange)‐derived arabinogalactan suppresses bone turnover in postmenopausal women: A randomized placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Yamaguchi Masatoshi , Yoshiyama Toshiko , Maruyama Ruriko , Ohashi Masanao , Nishizono Shoko , Kobayashi Taichi , Miyatake Munetoshi , Sameshima Hiroshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate Hyuganatsu oranges (Citrus tamurana Hort. Ex Tanaka) derived arabinogalactan for bone turnover, we performed a randomized placebo‐controlled trial.MethodsSixty‐three postmenopausal women were age‐stratified and randomly assigned to receive arabinogalactan‐rich hyuganatsu juice (study group) or a placebo drink (control group) for 90 days. We measured blood tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b), type I procollagen N‐terminal propeptide (P1NP), and other bone turnover biomarker levels at baseline, days 45 and 90 (T90) of the intervention, and day 30 of recovery. Cumulative effects were compared between groups using repeated‐measures linear mixed model analysis. The primary endpoint was the difference between the pre‐ and post‐intervention TRACP5b and P1NP levels.ResultsUsing repeated measures linear mixed model analysis, the study group had significantly lower TRACP5b and P1NP levels at day 90 than the control group (mean [95% confidence interval]; TRACP5b: 310.0 [269.2–350.9] vs. 386.4 [341.2–431.6] mU/dL; P1NP: 53.7 [48.6–58.7] vs. 70.3 [64.1–76.4] ng/mL), whereas other biomarker levels showed no change.ConclusionArabinogalactan‐rich Hyuganatsu juice suppressed bone mineral turnover and potentially improved ovarian hormone deficiency‐induced osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Dispositional Traits, Characteristic Adaptations, and Narrative Identity Reconstructions in Individuals With Depersonalization and Derealization
Authors: Fino Emanuele , Jemmett‐Skinner Thalia , Evans‐Miller Richard , Perkins Joe , Malik Mohammed , Robinson Martin , Webb Gwendalyn 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDepersonalization and derealization disorder (DPDR) is a debilitating condition. To date, little was known about the role of personality structure and of perceived social support and loneliness in DPDR.MethodsThree studies investigated, respectively: (i) broadband personality traits (five‐factor model), maladaptive trait domains (PID‐5), and perceived support and loneliness in individuals with self‐reported DPDR (N = 160) versus a general population sample (N = 303), using network modeling; (ii) structure and interconnectivity of personality, perceived support and loneliness, and DPDR traits (frequency/duration) in individuals with self‐reported DPDR (N = 160); (iii) characteristic adaptations and narrative identities in individuals with self‐reported DPDR (N = 19), using thematic analysis.ResultsStudy 1 found between‐samples differences across several traits, especially psychoticism and negative affect. Differences in networks' global centrality, but not structures or edges, were also found. The graphical model in Study 2 showed a community of dissociative tendencies including DPDR traits and psychoticism. Study 3 highlighted the development of DPDR as a key life transition for those experiencing it, with narratives focusing on feelings of poor agency, isolation, and a disrupted sense of self.ConclusionsIndividual differences in personality characterize DPDR, especially in psychoticism. Implications for theory and research are discussed.
Application of WINROP to predict severe retinopathy of prematurity in a multi‐ethnic cohort in Singapore
Authors: Teoh Kok Wooi , Seshasai Sudarshan , Tan Mary Grace Sy , Ng Wei Yan , Shah Varsha Atul , Ngeow Alvin Jia Hao 
Published: October 2024

AimTo investigate the validity of WINROP use in multi‐ethnic population in a tertiary centre in Singapore.MethodsBirth weight, gestational age, and weekly weight measurements of four hundred two preterm infants (<32 weeks gestation) born between year 2011 and 2019 were entered into WINROP algorithm. Based on their weekly weight gain, WINROP algorithm would signal an alarm if the infant is at risk for type 1 ROP requiring treatment. The WINROP result is then compared with the ophthalmological findings. All the infants were screened based on the hospital ROP screening protocol. The negative predictive value, positive predictive value, sensitivity and specificity were calculated.ResultsAmong all the infants enrolled, 31 infants developed type 1 ROP. WINROP successfully signalled 23 out of 31 correctly. The calculated sensitivity was 74.2 % and specificity was 48.0 %. The positive predictive value was 10.6% and negative predictive value was 95.7%.ConclusionsOur study showed that when WINROP is applied to our multi‐ethnic population, it has a moderate sensitivity of 74.2% and a high predictive negative value of 95.7%. We would not recommend it to be used a solitary screening method but it can be used to better risk stratify preterm infants at risk of type 1 ROP, particularly in resource limited settings.
Flummoxing expectations
Authors: Wilkinson Hayden 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExpected utility theory often falls silent, even in cases where the correct rankings of options seems obvious. For instance, it fails to compare the Pasadena game to the Altadena game, despite the latter turning out better in every state. Decision theorists have attempted to fill these silences by proposing various extensions to expected utility theory. As I show in this paper, such extensions often fall silent too, even in cases where the correct ranking is intuitively obvious. But we can extend the theory further than has been done before—I offer a new extension, Invariant Value Theory, which deals neatly with those problem cases and also satisfies various desirable conditions. But other prima facie desirable conditions, including Independence, the theory violates. Is this a problem for the proposal? It may not be—in a new impossibility result, I show that no theory can satisfy Independence in full generality without violating several other conditions that together seem just as plausible.
Environmental dependency of ectomycorrhizal fungi as soil organic matter oxidizers
Authors: Chen Qiuyu , Strashnov Ilya , van Dongen Bart , Johnson David , Cox Filipa 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Forest soils play a pivotal role as global carbon (C) sinks, where the dynamics of soil organic matter (SOM) are significantly influenced by ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi. While correlations between ECM fungal community composition and soil C storage have been documented, the underlying mechanisms behind this remain unclear.
Here, we conducted controlled experiments using pure cultures growing on naturally complex SOM extracts to test how ECM fungi regulate soil C and nitrogen (N) dynamics in response to varying inorganic N availability, in both monoculture and mixed culture conditions.
ECM species dominant in N‐poor soils exhibited superior SOM decay capabilities compared with those prevalent in N‐rich soils. Inorganic N addition alleviated N limitation for ECM species but exacerbated their C limitation, reflected by reduced N compound decomposition and increased C compound decomposition. In mixed cultures without inorganic N supplementation, ECM species with greater SOM decomposition potential facilitated the persistence of less proficient SOM decomposers. Regardless of inorganic N availability, ECM species in mixed cultures demonstrated a preference for C over N, intensifying relatively labile C compound decomposition.
This study highlights the complex interactions between ECM species, their nutritional requirements, the nutritional environment of their habitat, and their role in modifying SOM.
Difference in urinary protein‐to‐creatinine ratio using the benzethonium chloride and pyrogallol red methods in children
Authors: Koide Rintaro , Ikeda Hiroyuki , Takahashi Satoko , Sakurai Ayako , Ueki Hideaki , Noguchi Yasushi , Suzuki Shigeru , Harita Yutaka , Igarashi Shunji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe appropriate reference value of the urinary protein‐to‐creatinine ratio (PCR) for proteinuria may change when the urinary pyrogallol red (PR) protein assay method is changed to the benzethonium chloride method (BC). This study aimed to evaluate the difference between BC‐based PCR (BC‐PCR) and PR‐based PCR (PR‐PCR) values in children.MethodsWe compared the BC‐PCR and PR‐PCR values in the same first‐morning urine samples without significant proteinuria in school urine screening settings. The upper limit of the reference values was set at the 97.5th percentile.ResultsNotably, 133 samples from 124 individuals (female: 62%, age: median 12.3 years, range 6.3–16.9 years) were collected between August 2020 and October 2022. The diagnoses included 34 normal individuals and 99 with asymptomatic hematuria. The urinary protein (UP) concentrations measured using the BC (BC‐UP) and PR (PR‐UP) methods were in a linear relationship; however, the BC‐UP concentrations were higher than the PR‐UP concentrations (mean of differences: 11.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 11.0–13.4 mg/dL). Also, the BC‐PCR values were higher than the PR‐PCR values (mean of differences: 0.090, 95% CI: 0.082–0.098 g/gCr). The BC‐PCR showed a body‐size‐related decrease, reflecting a body‐size‐related urinary creatinine increase. The suggested BC‐PCR reference values for proteinuria were 0.25 and 0.17 g/gCr for elementary (6–12.4 years) and junior high school students (12.5–16 years), respectively. These values were higher than those of the PR‐PCR and need further studies.ConclusionsWhen evaluating PCR results, the urinary protein assay should be stated.
From Hong Kong to the UK: A Community and Public Health Nursing Researcher's Reflections on an International Fellowship
Authors: Choi Edmond Pui Hang , Bradbury‐Jones Caroline 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTOur globalized world means that most public health challenges cannot be tackled alone; they require unified and collaborative working across countries. Overseas fellowships offer an immersive experience that empowers nursing researchers to enhance global collaborations and synergize diverse research expertise from various cultural contexts. This enriched collaboration leads to more innovative solutions to public health issues and significantly enhances the overall impact of their research. This paper presents a self‐reflection from the perspective of a community and public health nursing researcher, based in Hong Kong. During a 2‐month research secondment at a university in the UK, I explored ways to leverage my fellowship to strengthen global connections, expand collaborations, and enhance my research capabilities in addressing health equity issues among LGBTQ+ populations, particularly concerning sexual violence. By sharing my journey, I aim to inspire more nursing researchers to engage with global academic communities and collectively advance global public health initiatives.
Ostracism as a threat to modern democracies: Evidence from 11 European countries
Authors: Bogatyreva Natalia , Albath Elianne A. , Greifeneder Rainer 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOstracism—being ignored and excluded—has been shown to fuel threats to democracies, including increased willingness to engage in violent actions, endorsement of partisan falsehoods, and belief in political conspiracy theories. Recently, low social belonging has been linked with lower voter turnout and increased populist party support, thus illustrating how an individual's social experiences may prove consequential for political processes. Importantly, low levels of belonging may originate from social ostracism, as ostracized individuals are denied social partaking by others. In a registered report, we analyzed large survey data including reported voting behavior in the past national election from 11 European countries, and we found that ostracism is associated with lower voter turnout. Ostracism was not connected to populist party vote, irrespective of their ideological orientation (far‐left vs. far‐right). The findings highlight the need to better understand and consider how individuals' social experiences are relevant in safeguarding modern democracies.
Who motivates? Longitudinal relationships among political discussions, interest, and efficacy for high school students with varying levels of political open‐mindedness
Authors: Wegemer Christopher M. , Levy Brett L. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractScholars acknowledge that adolescents' political discussions with peers and adults contribute to political development, yet longitudinal relationships between discussions and political motivation remain unclear. To address this issue, we analyzed data from students enrolled in government courses at three Midwestern high schools, who completed political engagement surveys at the beginning and end of the spring 2016 semester (N = 350; 47.8% Hispanic; 37.2% White; 53.7% male). Informed by theories of motivation and political socialization, we used cross‐lagged panel models to examine the longitudinal associations between the frequency of political discussions (with friends, classmates, teachers, and parents) and motivational constructs (political interest, internal and external political efficacy). Multigroup analyses examined differential effects for students with low, average, and high political open‐mindedness. Results indicated that frequency of political discussions with parents predicted later political motivation for adolescents with low open‐mindedness. Interest, internal and external political efficacy distinctively predicted types of discussions over time, with interest emerging as the most consistent predictor. Findings suggest that educational practices could better cultivate youth political motivation by considering fadeout effects for different types of conversational partners and tailoring discussions to suit adolescents' open‐mindedness.