bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of Facebook to explore self-concept: analysing Colombian consumers
Authors: Castro Lorena , Marquez Jose 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This research aims to explore the way companies can use social network sites, in particular Facebook, to understand the elements of the actual and ideal-selves of their target market. An important issue is whether the brand’s personality should match consumers’ actual or ideal-self; this complex decision depends on specific characteristics of target markets and products.

Design/methodology/approach
Photo-elicitation and in-depth interviews were carried out and applied to 15 interviewees. This exploratory phase seeks to broaden the understanding of the phenomenon clarifying important concepts through the users’ rich descriptions and explanations. A primary exploratory qualitative research is conducted, as there is only little information available to answer the research question. Secondary data have also been used to support or contrast the findings with those made by other authors

Findings
The results indicate that Facebook users construct their virtual identity with elements from both the actual and the ideal-self, although they predominantly stress those aspects, which make them look more socially desirable. Each Facebook feature is used with different intentions, and that is why different elements of the self can be extracted from each.

Practical implications
Companies can enhance emotional connections with consumers by applying “self-congruence”, which refers to the correspondence between the consumer’s self-concept and the brand’s personality.

Originality/value
To analyse the empirical findings, the paper draws on the self-concept, brand personality and self-congruence theory. More particularly, on Facebook representations and its relationship with the way people think about them and the manner in which they are expressed.
Branding in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
Authors: Odoom Raphael , Narteh Bedman , Boateng Richard 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Given the significant contributions of small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) across several economies, calls for investigations into their branding strategies are burgeoning. However, the literature is unclear, scattered and relatively scanty. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the existing literature on branding with a focus on SMEs.

Design/methodology/approach
The study uses a systematic review by identifying and evaluating peer-reviewed journal publications focusing on branding within the context of SMEs. The systematic design is based on papers published within the period of 2004-2014.

Findings
The review shows that significant progress is being made in the area under discussion. With several gaps in issues and empirical evidence, as well as in theoretical and methodological approaches, the paper signals promising lines of inquiry for both empirical and theoretical research.

Research limitations/implications
By highlighting the research issues, as well as providing some pertinent research questions across various themes, the paper aims at directing future research efforts to critical areas which require immediate attention. The implications of the review are discussed in the paper.

Originality/value
The study identifies and describes the state of research issues and evidence in branding literature within the context of SMEs over a 10-year period, prompting insightful avenues to the academic and practitioner communities.
Customer loyalty in telecom service sector: the role of service quality and customer commitment
Authors: Izogo Ernest Emeka 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine how firms can influence customer loyalty through customer commitment by leveraging two constructs of service quality: service assurance and service reliability.

Design/methodology/approach
The analyses are based on 138 responses retrieved from experienced users of mobile phone services in one of the big cities in the South-eastern part of Nigeria through a survey questionnaire. The validity and reliability of the measurement model as well as the proposed hypotheses were examined through the partial least squares structural equation modelling procedure.

Findings
Service reliability is a direct predictor of customer loyalty while service assurance is not. Affective commitment has a direct positive effect on customer loyalty and partially mediates the relationship between service reliability and customer loyalty. In contrast, the mediating effects of affective and continuance commitment on the relationship between service assurance and customer loyalty were positive but insignificant. Finally, affective commitment mediates the effect of continuance commitment on customer loyalty.

Research limitations/implications
The mediating role of the individual components of commitment in the links between the individual dimensions of service quality and customer loyalty is largely untested in the literature. This line of inquiry can form the basis for future research proposals. Additionally, the outcomes that emerged from this research must be interpreted with caution due to the size of the sample on which analyses were based. Future research should employ larger samples.

Practical implications
Services organisations especially telecommunication firms may benefit from customer loyalty by pursuing a combined strategy of increasing service assurance, service reliability, affective commitment and continuance commitment both independently and in tandem.

Originality/value
As far as could be established, this paper is the first to explore the mediating effects of affective and continuance commitment on the links between service quality dimensions and customer loyalty.
Effects of increased alcohol availability during adolescence on the risk of all‐cause and cause‐specific disability pension: a natural experiment
Authors: Thern Emelie , de Munter Jeroen , Hemmingsson Tomas , Davey Smith George , Ramstedt Mats , Tynelius Per , Rasmussen Finn 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimTo test if being exposed to increased alcohol availability during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of receiving disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorders and mental disorders.DesignRegister‐based population‐based study using a natural experiment setting, the alcohol policy change in Sweden (1967–68), with increased access to strong beer in a narrow time window and geographical area. The individuals exposed to the policy change were compared with non‐exposed individuals living in the rest of Sweden, excluding a border area.SettingSweden.ParticipantsA total of 518 810 individuals (70 761 in the intervention group; 448 049 in the control group) born 1948–1953, aged 14–20 years during the policy change.MeasurementsDate and diagnosis of the outcome variable of disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorders and mental disorders were obtained from the Swedish National Social Insurance Agency database from 1971 to 2013. Individual and family level socio‐demographic and health‐related covariates, as well as a regional level covariate, were included.FindingsCompared with the control group, adolescents exposed to the alcohol policy change were at an increased risk of receiving disability pension due to all‐causes [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.07–1.11], alcohol use disorders (HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05–1.30) and mental disorders (HR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.15–1.23).ConclusionIn Sweden, a natural experiment with a 43‐year follow‐up suggests that exposure to increased alcohol availability during adolescence is associated with an increased risk of receiving a disability pension due to all‐cause, alcohol use disorder and mental disorder diagnoses.
Prevalence of small testicular hyperechogenic foci in subgroups of 382 non‐vasectomized, azoospermic men: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Fedder J. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryTesticular hyperechogenic foci (THF) are associated with Klinefelter's syndrome, cryptorchidism, infertility, and testicular germ cell neoplasia. The aims of the study were to evaluate THF in relation to etiology of azoospermia and to Sertoli cell dysfunction. The structures inside the scrotum of consecutive non‐vasectomized, azoospermic were examined by ultrasonography, and hormone (FSH, LH, testosterone, and prolactin), and genetic analyses (karyotype, Y microdeletions, and CFTR mutations) were performed. At testicular ultrasonography, patients were graduated into: pronounced THF (>7 THF per transducer field), distributed universally (uTHF) or collected in plaques (pTHF), borderline THF (bTHF; 3–7 THF per transducer field), or no THF (<3 THF per transducer field). Diagnostic testicular biopsy was taken open or with TruCut needle (14G). THF status was sufficiently described in 382 of 449 potential participants, and testicular histology was available in 300 cases. Presence of ultrasonographically detectable THF was compared to presence of testicular microlithiasis (TM) detected histologically. Sertoli cell dysfunction was investigated in a subgroup using a three‐stage immunoperoxidase technique for detection of cytokeratin‐18 (CK‐18). The prevalence of THF was 13.4%. uTHF was found in 11 men (2.9%), the pattern was bilateral in four while other four had bTHF in the other testis. pTHF was detected in eight cases (2.1%), and except for one case with Klinefelter's syndrome, pTHF was in all cases occurring unilaterally. bTHF was detected in 32 cases (8.4%), bilaterally in 17 (53%). Pronounced THF was significantly associated with testicular malignancy. CK‐18 was detected in more azoospermic men with sperm production in ≤50% seminiferous tubules than in azoospermic men with spermatogenesis in ≥90% of seminiferous tubules and normal controls (p < 0.05). Unfortunately, TM detected histologically was not detected in any patient expressing THF, and neither THF nor TM was detected in any of the patients examined for CK‐18. Sertoli cell dysfunction was not associated with testicular microlithiasis or hyperechogenic foci.
Mental distress in treatment seeking young adults (18–25 years) with severe obesity compared with population controls of different body mass index levels: cohort study
Authors: Dreber H. , Reynisdottir S. , Angelin B. , Tynelius P. , Rasmussen F. , Hemmingsson E. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryYoung adults (18–25) with severe obesity constitute a challenging patient group, and there is limited evidence about their mental health status compared to population controls. Mental distress in treatment seeking young adults with severe obesity (n = 121, mean body mass index [BMI] = 39.8 kg m−2) was compared with matched (1:3 for age, gender and socioeconomic status) population controls of normal weight (n = 363, mean BMI = 22.4 kg m−2), as well as unmatched population controls with class I obesity (n = 105, mean BMI = 32.1 kg m−2) or severe obesity (n = 41, mean BMI = 39.7 kg m−2). Mental distress was measured by the General Health Questionnaire‐12 (GHQ‐12), and we quantified physician‐diagnosed depression, present anxiety and suicide attempts. Poisson regression and linear regression analysis were used for analysing differences in mental distress between groups. Treatment seekers experienced more mental distress than normal weight controls as measured by continuous (adjusted mean: 3.9 vs. 2.2 points, P <0.001) and categorical (cut‐off for mental distress ≥3 points, RR: 1.76, P <0.001) GHQ‐12 scores, depression (RR: 2.18, P < 0.001), anxiety (RR: 1.97, P < 0.001) and suicide attempts (RR: 2.04; P = 0.034). Treatment seekers also experienced more mental distress as measured by continuous GHQ‐12 than controls with class I obesity (adjusted mean: 2.3 points) or severe obesity (adjusted mean: 2.1; both, P < 0.001). Young adult treatment seekers with severe obesity constitute a risk group for mental distress compared to population controls of different BMI levels.
Noncompaction cardiomyopathy: The role of advanced multimodality imaging techniques in diagnosis and assessment
Authors: Chebrolu Lakshmi H. , Mehta Anjlee M. , Nanda Navin C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNoncompaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM) is a unique cardiomyopathy with a diverse array of genotypic and phenotypic manifestations. Its hallmark morphology consists of a bilayered myocardium with a compact epicardial layer and prominent trabeculations that comprise the noncompacted endocardial layer. The controversial diagnostic criteria for NCCM have been frequently discussed in the literature. This review touches on those diagnostic criteria, delves further into the evolving use of advanced imaging techniques within the major imaging modalities (echocardiography, computed tomography, and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging), and proposes an alternative algorithm incorporating these techniques for aiding with the diagnosis of NCCM.
The Price of Being a Systemically Important Financial Institution (SIFI)
Authors: Dacorogna Michel , Busse Marc 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAfter reviewing the notion of Systemically Important Financial Institution, we propose a first principles way to compute the price of the implicit put option that the State gives to such an institution. Our method is based on important results from extreme value theory, one for the aggregation of heavy‐tailed distributions and the other one for the tail behavior of the value at risk versus the tail value at risk. We show that the value of the put option is proportional to the value at risk of the institution and thus would provide the wrong incentive to banks who are qualified as Systemically Important Financial Institutions. This wrong incentive exists even if the guarantee is not explicitly granted. We conclude with a proposal to make the institution pay the price of this option to a fund, whose task would be to guarantee the orderly bankruptcy of such an institution. This fund would function like an insurance selling a cover to clients.
The impact of an individualized risk‐adjusted approach on hypertension treatment in primary care
Authors: Zechmann Stefan , Senn Oliver , Valeri Fabio , Neuner‐Jehle Stefan , Rosemann Thomas , Djalali Sima ,   the FIRE Study Group
Published: January 2017

Previous studies suggest that up to 60% of all patients with hypertension receive inappropriate treatment. Current 2013 European Society of Hypertension/European Society of Cardiology (ESH/ESC) guidelines recommend taking cardiovascular risk factors into account when assessing treatment for patients with hypertension. The authors hypothesize that this approach will reduce the proportion of patients receiving inappropriate treatment. In this cross‐sectional study using electronic medical records of Swiss primary care patients, the authors estimate the proportion of patients receiving inappropriate treatment using two approaches: (1) based on a blood pressure threshold of 140/90 mm Hg; and (2) based on cardiovascular risk factors. A total of 22 434 patients with hypertension were identified. Based on these approaches, 72.7% and 44.6% of patients, respectively, qualified for drug treatment. In addition, 23.0% and 10.8% of patients, respectively, received inappropriate treatment. Application of the 2013 ESH/ESC guidelines reduced the proportion of patients receiving inappropriate treatment by 50%. This shows the major impact of risk adjustment and highlights the need for a patient‐centered approach in hypertension treatment.
Citizen and State Equality in a Supranational Political Community: Degressive Proportionality and the Pouvoir Constituant Mixte
Authors: Habermas Jürgen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn the European Parliament seats are distributed according to a principle of degressive proportionality that privileges smaller member states. While serving the principle of state equality, this arrangement seems to violate the principle of citizen equality. In this article, I consider whether a deviation from the equal representation of citizens can be justified in the context of a supranational political community. The main thesis is that the conflict between citizen and state equality can be dissolved if we understand the European Union as based on a pouvoir constituant mixte. Today, each European finds herself in a dual role as an EU citizen and a state citizen. While the member state peoples strive for supranational democracy, they have an interest in preserving their domestic structures of self‐government. Thus, the rules of representation in the EP can be reconstructed as an expression of the legitimate will of a dual constituent subject.
Do group dynamics affect colour morph clines during a range shift?
Authors: Lancaster L. T. , Dudaniec R. Y. , Hansson B. , Svensson E. I. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSpecies exhibiting colour polymorphism are thought to have an ecological advantage at the landscape scale, because spatial segregation of alternatively adapted ecotypes into diverse habitats can increase the species' niche breadth and thus confer greater geographic range size. However, morph frequencies are also influenced by intrapopulational processes such as frequency‐ or density‐dependent social interactions. To identify how social feedback may affect clinal variation in morph frequencies, we investigated reciprocal interactions between morph‐specific thermal tolerance, local climatic conditions and social environments, in the context of a colour‐morph frequency cline associated with a recent range expansion in blue‐tailed damselflies (Ischnura elegans) in Sweden. Cold tolerances of gynochromes (female‐like female morph) were positively correlated with local gynochrome frequencies, suggesting a positive frequency‐dependent fitness benefit. In contrast, androchrome (male‐mimic female morph) cold tolerances were improved following recent exposure to cold weather, suggesting a beneficial environmental acclimation effect. Thus, according to an environment‐matching hypothesis for clinal variation, androchrome frequencies should therefore increase towards the (cooler) range limit. In contrast to this prediction, gynochrome frequencies increased at the expanding range limit, consistent with a positive frequency‐dependent social feedback that is beneficial when invading novel climates. Our results suggest that when phenotypes or fitnesses are affected by interactions with conspecifics, beneficial social effects on environmental tolerances may (i) facilitate range shifts, and (ii) reverse or counteract typical patterns of intraspecific interactions and environment‐matching clines observed in stable populations observed over broader geographic scales.
Esophagogastric junction contractile integral and morphology: Two high‐resolution manometry metrics of the anti‐reflux barrier
Authors: Ham Hyoju , Cho Yu Kyung , Lee Han Hee , Yoon Seung Bae , Lim Chul‐Hyun , Kim Jin Su , Park Jae Myung , Choi Myung‐Gyu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackground and AimWe evaluated associations of esophagogastric junction (EGJ) metrics as an anti‐reflux barrier with impedance–pH, endoscopic esophagitis, and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) metrics.MethodsWe reviewed high‐resolution manometry data from consecutive patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms who underwent impedance–pH and endoscopy, and asymptomatic volunteers. The EGJ contractile integral (CI) was calculated as the mean contractile integral/second during three respiratory cycles. EGJ morphology was classified according to LES–crural diaphragm (CD) separation.ResultsIn total, 137 patients (65 male, age 55 years) and 23 (9 male, age 33 years) controls were enrolled. Twenty‐five patients had erosive reflux disease (ERD), 16 had non‐erosive reflux disease (NERD), 5 had reflux hypersensitivity, and 91 were not GERD. EGJ‐CI were lower in patients with GERD (22.6 [13.8–29.2] mmHg cm) than non‐GERD (50.3 [31–69.9] mmHg cm, P < 0.01) and controls (67 [26.7–78.7] mmHg cm). With an EGJ‐CI cut‐off value of 30 mmHg cm, the area under the curve was 0.814 (0.762–0.896), with 77.8% sensitivity and 81.7% specificity for the prediction of GERD. LES–CD separation was greatest in patients with ERD, followed the NERD, non‐GERD, and controls. EGJ morphology type III was associated with a higher DeMeester score (7.9 [1.6–12.6]) than were type II (3.25 [0.9–5.975]) and I (1.75 [0.8–6.2]; P < 0.01). EGJ‐CI values were lower in patients with GERD than in others in each EGJ morphology subgroup.ConclusionEsophagogastric junction contractile integral showed good diagnostic accuracy with high specificity in predicting GERD. LES–CD separation is associated with an increase in acid reflux, but EGJ‐CI was associated more strongly with GERD than was EGJ morphology.
“Cimarronaje Institucional:” Ethno‐racial Legal Status and the Subversive Institutionalization of Afrodescendant Organizations in Bolivarian Venezuela
Authors: Ruette‐Orihuela Krisna , Caballero‐Arias Hortensia 
Published: January 2017

ResumenEste artículo analiza cómo los activistas del movimiento Afro‐venezolano participan en las instituciones del Estado Bolivariano con el fin de promover agendas en contra de la discriminación racial y en pro del reconocimiento étnico. Con la intensión de trascender los conceptos clásicos de institucionalización, examinamos los logros, ambigüedades y desafíos que experimentan estos actores en su incorporación a las diferentes esferas institucionales. Proponemos que este proceso identificado por el movimiento como “cimarronaje institucional” abre oportunidades para la creación de nuevos espacios de participación en las instituciones nacionales y locales. Sugerimos que esta práctica política se encuentra moralmente interpelada por una “ética del cimarronaje” —un marco de acción colectiva que sintetiza ideologías de resistencia histórica ante la exclusión racial y social. Argumentamos que la institucionalización no necesariamente conlleva a la paralización de la acción colectiva, sino también representa una fase más en la relación entre los movimientos sociales y el Estado.
Multidimensional impact on families of children with steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Dhooria Gurdeep S , Singh Harmeet P , Bhat Deepak , Bains Harmesh S , Soni Ravinder K , Kumar Mohit 
Published: January 2017

AimChildren with nephrotic syndrome (NS) have prolonged disease course with relapses requiring frequent visits and prolonged steroid therapy with their long‐term concerns. All these factors affect the child and their families in many domains of functioning. The objective of this study was to assess multidimensional impact on families of children with nephrotic syndrome using (PedsQL) Family Impact Module (FIM).MethodsThis cross‐sectional study was conducted in a paediatric nephrology clinic of a tertiary care hospital. Fifty cases of steroid‐sensitive nephrotic syndrome between age group of 2–18 years were included, and equal age–sex matched healthy children were taken as controls.Baseline demographic factors including age, gender and education status, modified Kuppuswamy's socio‐economic status were collected and clinical variables of NS cases were recorded. FIM is a parent‐reported instrument that measures the impact of paediatric chronic health conditions on care giver's HRQOL and their family function. Mean FIM scores were compared among the cases and controls, and different predictive factors affecting family impact (FI) were analysed.ResultsThe FI total score showed significantly lower scores in cases (mean score: 60.76 ± 15.66) as compared to controls (mean 100). Among the individual groups, lowest scores were found in two domains, namely ‘worry’ and ‘emotional function’ with mean scores of 46.20 ± 20.66 and 46.80 ± 24.61, respectively, although other domains were also significantly affected.ConclusionFI score should be evaluated in all cases of NS as parenting such children may significantly affect all domains of family functioning.