bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multistage Impinging Stream Drying for Okara
Authors: Nimmol Chatchai , Hirunwat Anucha 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this study, a multistage drying concept (one-stage and two-stage drying) was applied in an attempt to enhance the performance and energy efficiency of an impinging stream dryer for okara, which is a soy residue obtained from soymilk production. The volumetric water evaporation rate, the volumetric heat transfer coefficient and the specific energy consumption of the drying system at various drying conditions were evaluated. For one-stage drying, the volumetric water evaporation rate increased with an increase in the okara feed rate and the drying temperature. The effect of the drying temperature was insignificant at the minimum okara feed rate, however. For two-stage drying, the drying temperature insignificantly affected the volumetric water evaporation rate. However, an increase in the okara feed rate led to an increase in the volumetric water evaporation rate. The effects of the drying temperature and the okara feed rate on the volumetric heat transfer coefficient were similar to those of the volumetric water evaporation rate, for both one-stage and two-stage drying. The maximum volumetric water evaporation rate and the maximum volumetric heat transfer coefficient of 1784 kgwater m-3 h-1 and 3385 W m-3 K-1, respectively, were noted during one-stage drying at the drying temperature of 150°C and the okara feed rate of 45 kgdrysolid h-1. Regarding the energy efficiency of the drying process expressed in terms of the specific energy consumption (SEC), an increase in the drying temperature and the okara feed rate led to lower values of the SEC for one-stage drying. The effect of the okara feed rate on the SEC for two-stage drying was similar to that for one-stage drying. However, the opposite trend was observed for the effect of the drying temperature. When a multistage drying concept was applied to the impinging stream dryer, the percentage of moisture content reduction of the okara were substantially decreased. The results obtained from this study implied that an impinging stream dryer with a multistage drying concept may be used to dry okara or other high-moisture particulate materials. Keywords: Impinging stream dryer, Multistage drying, Okara, Specific energy consumption, Volumetric heat transfer coefficient, Volumetric water evaporation rate.
Early Detection of Aphid (Myzus persicae) Infestation on Chinese Cabbage by Hyperspectral Imaging and Feature Extraction
Authors: Zhao Yanru , Yu Keqiang , Feng Chong , Cen Haiyan , He Yong 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) in the visible/near-infrared region coupled with textural feature extraction were used to detect aphid infestation on Chinese cabbage plants. Hyperspectral images of Chinese cabbage plants, including 31 healthy plants and 32 aphid-infested plants, were captured in the region of 380 to 1030 nm with a pushbroom HSI system. A total of 160 spectra were selected from the hyperspectral images of plants. Six important wavelengths (IWs) at 550, 671, 694, 742, 911, and 968 nm were identified by x-loadings of PC-1 and PC-2 in principle component analysis (PCA). Textural features (TFs) including contrast, homogeneity, energy, and correlation based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) were extracted from the six selected IWs. Finally, least squares support vector machine (LS-SVM) models were developed to differentiate between healthy and aphid-infested plants based on the IWs and TFs. The results showed that the reflectance and textural features at 694 and 742 nm offered good performance in distinguishing aphid-infested samples from healthy samples. The overall results revealed the feasibility of HSI for early detection of aphid infestation on Chinese cabbage plants and its promising potential in practice. Keywords: Aphid infestation, Chinese cabbage, Hyperspectral imaging, Least squares support vector machine, Principal component analysis, Textural feature extraction.
Determining the Location of a Swine Farming Facility Based on Grey Correlation and the TOPSIS Method
Authors: Ma Congguo , Yang Yudong , Wang Jianguo , Chen Yajuan , Yang Daokuan 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Making a multi-attribute decision regarding the location of a swine farming facility is difficult because of the vagueness and uncertainty of the evaluation indicators. In this study, after the main factors affecting swine farming were considered, pork quality and the economic benefits of farming were analyzed. Twenty evaluation indicators were selected to establish an index for determining the location of a swine farming facility based on the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The values of qualitative and quantitative indicators were normalized to construct a weighted standardized matrix. The application of grey correlation analysis and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) were applied to calculate the overall degree of closeness of each candidate site. The pros and cons of the candidate sites were sorted to construct a location decision model according to the size of the overall degree of closeness. The locations of existing Suqian swine farms were used to validate the location decision method. The result showed that the location decision model could obtain satisfactory results for determining the location of a swine farming facility. Keywords: AHP, Grey correlation, Location decision model, Swine farming location, TOPSIS.
Toward Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulose On-Farm: Pretreatment and Hydrolysis of Corn Stover in Situ
Authors: Modenbach Alicia A. , Nokes Sue E. , Montross Michael D. , Knutson Barbara L. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. High-solids lignocellulosic pretreatment using NaOH followed by high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated for an on-farm biochemical conversion process. Increasing the solids loadings for these processes has the potential for increasing glucose concentrations and downstream ethanol production; however, sequential processing at high-solids loading similar to an on-farm cellulose conversion system has not been studied. This research quantified the effects of high-solids pretreatment with NaOH and subsequent high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis on cellulose conversion. As expected, conversion efficiency was reduced; however, the highest glucose concentration (40.2 g L-1), and therefore the highest potential ethanol concentration, resulted from the high-solids combined pretreatment and hydrolysis. Increasing the enzyme dosage improved cellulose conversion from 9.6% to 36.8% when high-solids loadings were used in both unit operations; however, increasing NaOH loading and pretreatment time did not increase the conversion efficiency. The enzyme-to-substrate ratio had a larger impact on cellulose conversion than the NaOH pretreatment conditions studied, resulting in recommendations for an on-farm bioconversion system. Keywords: Corn stover, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Enzyme loading, High solids, Low solids, Sodium hydroxide.
Calibration and Validation of a Discrete Element Model of Corn Using Grain Flow Simulation in a Commercial Screw Grain Auger
Authors: Mousaviraad Mohammad , Tekeste Mehari Z. , Rosentrater Kurt A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. Screw augers are primary grain conveying equipment in the agriculture industry. Quantitative prediction of grain conveyance using screw augers requires better understanding and measurement of bulk particle-particle and particle-rigid-body interactions. Discrete element modeling (DEM) has potential to simulate particle dynamics and flow within a screw auger and thus provide simulation-based guidance for auger design and operating parameters. The objective of this study was to develop a DEM corn model calibration methodology and validation for combine-harvested corn flow in a commercial screw auger. The methodology used a virtual design of experiment (DOE) varying DEM corn parameters and calibration to match grain pile formation expressed in a normalized angle of repose (AOR). DEM corn particle shape was approximated using 1-sphere and clumped spheres (2-sphere, 5-sphere, and 13-sphere) matching the measured physical parameters of equivalent geometrical diameter, 2D axial dimensions, 3D axial dimensions, and detailed CAD-approximated corn dimensions, respectively. For each DEM corn shape approximation, a virtual DOE using Latin square hypercube design with four independent DEM Hertz-Mindlin contact model interaction coefficients was developed. The DEM assembly of particles matching the initial conditions of the AOR test was created in EDEM 2.7. From the quasi-static AOR of corn flow in the AOR tests and EDEM simulations, the mean square error (MSE), a sum of square difference in grain heights in the AOR tests and EDEM simulations, was used as a bulk material dependent response for the calibration process. The DEM 2-sphere corn shape model and the material interaction coefficients showed the minimum MSE (5.31 mm) compared to the 1-sphere, 5-sphere, and 13-sphere models. With the best DEM corn shape model (2-sphere) and DEM model parameters with the minimum MSE, validation of the DEM in predicting corn flow in a commercial screw auger in laboratory tests at two rotational speeds (250 and 450 rpm) was performed and showed good prediction (within 5% relative error) in matching the change in mass flow rate with the change in auger rotational speed. Keywords: Angle of repose, Corn, Discrete element modeling (DEM), Screw grain auger.
Classification and Prediction of Goldfish Population and Water Quality Using a Potentiometric E-Tongue
Authors: Wei Zhenbo , Zhao Yu , Wang Jun 
Published: August 2017

Abstract. In this study, a potentiometric E-tongue was employed for comprehensive evaluation of water quality and goldfish population with the help of pattern recognition methods. Four water quality parameters, i.e., pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrite (NO2-N), and ammonium (NH3-N), were tested by conventional analysis methods. The differences in water quality parameters between samples were revealed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The cultivation days and goldfish population were classified well by principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA), and the distribution of each sample was clearer in CDA score plots than in PCA score plots. The cultivation days, goldfish population, and water parameters were predicted by a T-S fuzzy neural network (TSFNN) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN). BPANN performed better than TSFNN in the prediction, and all fitting correlation coefficients were &gt;0.90. The results indicated that the potentiometric E-tongue coupled with pattern recognition methods could be applied as a rapid method for the determination and evaluation of water quality and goldfish population. Keywords: Classify, E-tongue, Goldfish water, Prediction.
Artículos: La corrección de las mujeres: del reformatorio religioso a la prisión contemporánea. Un estudio de caso
Authors: Guala Natacha 
Published: August 2017

En el presente trabajo me propongo analizar algunos aspectos del régimen penitenciario contemporáneo a partir de los cuales es posible reconstruir ciertas continuidades entre los discursos y las prácticas del reformatorio religioso y el tratamiento penitenciario actual.Esta “hibridación” institucional produce un tipo particular de control penal ambivalente, contradictorio y fuertemente ligado a la dimensión de sexo-género-sexualidad de las destinatarias de este castigo. A partir de un estudio de caso con base en el trabajo realizado en la cárcel de mujeres de la ciudad de Santa Fe (Argentina), esta indagación me permitirá contribuir a la reflexión sobre las complejas articulaciones de sentido que sustentan la corrección y el castigo femenino contemporáneo, echando luz sobre las imágenes que circulan –tanto dentro de la prisión como fuera de ella– respecto de la criminalidad femenina y los estereotipos de género existentes en la sociedad argentina contemporánea.
Youth friendly communication in a transition clinic aimed at adolescents with chronic illness
Authors: Hanghøj Signe , Boisen Kirsten A. , Schmiegelow Kjeld , Hølge-Hazelton Bibi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBackgroundGood communication skills are considered a cornerstone in a “youth friendly approach”. However, research in the field as well as transition guidelines only sparsely explain what doctor-patient communication involves. Furthermore, only few guidelines exist regarding concrete communication skills for health professionals who want to apply a youth friendly communication approach to their practice.ObjectiveTo examine how health professionals trained in adolescent medicine practise a youth friendly approach when communicating with adolescents with chronic illness.MethodsData from 10 non-participation observations of transition consultations with adolescents with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) were analysed using a qualitative positioning analysis approach focusing on the health professionals’ reflexive and interactive positionings as well as the décor of the consultation room.ResultsThe health professionals in the transition clinic positioned the adolescent patients as independent interlocutors, children, and adolescents, and they positioned themselves as imperfect/untraditional, appreciative and non-judgmental. The positionings were based on a number of linguistic tools such as affirmation, recognition, examples, asking for the adolescents’ own expert knowledge and the décor. The health professionals actively negotiated power.ConclusionPositionings and linguistic tools were inspired by youth friendly tools including the HEADS (Home Education/Eating Activities Drugs Sex/Safety/Self harm) interview, motivational interviewing, and an adolescent medicine practice. A central component was negotiating of power. Limitations of the study include a risk of too positive interpretations of data, i.e. because of the presence of the observer, who could have affected the health professionals’ positionings.
Ameliorative role of ethyl-acetate fraction of methanolic leaf extract of Camellia sinensis (green tea) on streptozotocin-induced diabetes linked testicular hypofunction in albino rat: A dose-dependent biochemical and genomic transection study
Authors: Das Barnali , Biswas Baisakhi , Ghosh Abhinandan , Pakhira Bhabani Prasad , Ghosh Debidas 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
The present investigation focuses the diabetes-induced testicular hypofunction and its possible correction by the effective dose of ethyl-acetate fraction of methanolic extract of Camellia sinensis leaves through dose-dependent study in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat.

Methods
The androgenic, spermiological, oxidative stress and apoptosis sensors along with testicular genomic sensors were evaluated in a dose-dependent fashion (50 mg or 100 mg or 200 mg/kg body weight). Activities of hepatic transaminases for toxicity assessment were also measured.

Results
Increased level of fasting blood glucose, testicular cholesterol, seminal vesicular fructose along with a low count, motility and viability of epididymal sperm, low activities of testicular Δ5, 3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (HSD), 17β-HSD, testicular antioxidant enzymes (catalase and superoxide dismutase) and low plasma level of testosterone were noted in diabetic rat in respect to the control. After oral administration of said fraction to diabetic rat, levels of above sensors were resettled toward the control. A significant decrease in the number of different generations of germ cells at the stage VII of spermatogenesis in diabetic rat was noted which were recovered significantly toward the control in the fraction-treated diabetic group. It was supported by the correction in gene expression of testicular Δ5, 3β- HSD, 17β- HSD, Bcl-2 and Bax in the fraction-treated diabetic group.

Conclusions
The threshold dose of ethyl-acetate fraction of methanolic extract of C. sinensis leaves is 100 mg/kg body weight for the recovery of testicular hypofunction in a diabetic rat model.
Multiple-Reservoir Scheduling Using β-Hill Climbing Algorithm
Authors: Alsukni Emad , Arabeyyat Omar Suleiman , Awadallah Mohammed A. , Alsamarraie Laaly , Abu-Doush Iyad , Al-Betar Mohammed Azmi 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The multi-reservoir systems optimization problem requires defining a set of rules to recognize the water amount stored and released in accordance with the system constraints. Traditional methods are not suitable for complex multi-reservoir systems with high dimensionality. Recently, metaheuristic-based algorithms such as evolutionary algorithms and local search-based algorithms are successfully used to solve the multi-reservoir systems. β-hill climbing is a recent metaheuristic local search-based algorithm. In this paper, the multi-reservoir systems optimization problem is tackled using β-hill climbing. In order to validate the proposed method, four-reservoir systems used in the literature to evaluate the algorithm are utilized. A comparative evaluation is conducted to evaluate the proposed method against other methods found in the literature. The obtained results show the competitiveness of the proposed algorithm.
Any Weapon to Hand? An Essay on Gun Regulation and the Limits of Insurance
Authors: Scales Adam F. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
There has lately been much interest in the role the liability system might play in reducing firearm deaths. In the past few years, stories of gun violence have entered the national conversation with depressing regularity. Just as regularly, there quickly follow calls for more gun control - now couched in terms of “gun safety”. A new twist on this theme appropriates the language of “responsibility” that insurance companies have traded in for over a century. At the state and federal level, legislatures have introduced bills that would require gun owners to carry liability insurance that would protect third parties from injuries associated with the use of the policyholder’s firearm. The stated aim is to induce a measure of financial responsibility congruent with the risks of firearm ownership. Those risks can be imagined in various ways, and proponents of gun insurance have offered varied rationales for a gun insurance mandate. On its most basic level, gun insurance could provide a source of compensation for victims of gun violence, or their families. At 30,000 or so fatalities a year, the economic toll of gun violence is easily quantified in the billions. Insurance companies, motivated to arm themselves with the data that governments often cannot obtain, will uncover and enforce risk reduction strategies that will mitigate gun violence. These strategies, it is commonly assumed, will turn out to look a lot like the “common-sense” gun safety regulations so regrettably stymied by timid legislators. The costs of this risk reduction program will of course be borne by gun owners themselves, in the form of insurance premia. One can discern a couple different sorts of mechanisms by which this might work. First, insurance might separate “good” gun owners from “bad” gun owners, rewarding the former with discounts or credits for socially cooperative behavior. Properly finetuned, this might place the entire burden of insurance-related gun violence on the shoulders of “bad” gun owners - those who leave loaded handguns in between the cushions of their sofas, easily accessed by small children. Or - of course - those who actually commit gun crimes. On another view, there might not really be any good or bad gun owners. Like pollution, gun violence is an inevitable by-product of gun ownership. While there might be room for insurance to make things safer, there is no moral reason to distinguish among gun owners, who all contribute to the availability of guns in marketplaces legal and otherwise. On this view, a gun anywhere is a threat public safety everywhere; liability insurance premia act as a kind of Pigouvian tax, internalizing at last the costs of gun violence into the long-term price of firearm ownership. The efficacy of this approach is open to question.
Graziano e le mura insanguinate di Lione
Authors: Santorelli Biagio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBy examining an obscure passage of Jerome’sEp.60, dedicated to the description of the death of the emperor Gratian, it is possible to identify an allusion to the Pseudo-QuintilianicMajor Declamations, which has hitherto been overlooked, referring in particular to the trail of bloody prints that appears on the wall at the centre ofDecl. mai.1, “Paries palmatus”.
Resistance Training Status and Effectiveness of Low-Frequency Resistance Training on Upper-Body Strength and Power in Highly Trained Soccer Players
Authors: Hertzog Maxime , Rumpf Michael C. , Hader Karim 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Hertzog, M, Rumpf, MC, and Hader, K. Resistance training status and effectiveness of low-frequency resistance training on upper-body strength and power in highly trained soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 34(4): 1032–1039, 2020—Soccer is classified as a contact/collision sport with many player-to-player duels. Winning these duels, shielding the ball or fending off an opponent requires upper-body strength and power. Therefore, this study aimed (a) to examine the time-related effect of an upper-body resistance training (RT) on maximal strength and power changes in highly trained soccer players and (b) to investigate if the RT status influences these changes throughout a competitive season. Twenty-eight soccer players participated in this study and were divided into an untrained group (UG) and a trained group (TG), according to their RT status. Both groups performed the same upper-body RT once a week, over 30 weeks. Maximal strength (1 repetition maximum [1RM]) and maximal power (MP) were assessed before, during, and after the competitive season. Both groups significantly improved 1RM and MP over the entire competitive season, with a moderate (TG, 13%) to very large (UG, 21%) magnitude in 1RM and with a small (TG, 8%) to moderate (UG, 13%) magnitude in MP. After the initial 10 weeks of RT, UG presented significant and slightly (1RM) to moderately (MP) greater improvements than TG. For all other time intervals, the between-groups' changes in 1RM were rated as similar. For the last 20 weeks of the RT, the change in MP was significantly lower for UG compared with TG. One upper-body RT session per week will provide sufficient stimulus to enable an almost certain improvement in strength and power throughout a competitive season for all players disregarding their initial RT status.