bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crescimento diamétrico do pau-ferro (<i>Astronium balansae</i>) em reflorestamento no município de São Sepé, RS.
Authors: Finger César Augusto Guimarães , Eleotério Jackson Roberto , Berger Rute , Schneider Paulo Renato 
Published: May 2017

A técnica de análise de tronco foi testada para avaliar o crescimento de pau-ferro, Astronium balansae, em povoamento implantado no município de São Sepé, RS e, atualmente, com 12 anos de idade, bem como descrever através de modelos matemáticos o crescimento diamétrico e os incrementos médio e corrente anual para árvores do estrato dominante e dominado. Os resultados demonstraram a pertinência da técnica de análise de tronco para descrever o crescimento passado da espécie, e permitiram desenvolver modelos de alta precisão e bom ajuste para descrever o incremento corrente e médio anual. No período de observação os dados indicam que o culmínio do incremento corrente anual ocorreu aos seis anos e do incremento médio anual aos dez anos para a árvore do estrato dominante, não devendo, entretanto, esta constatação ser tomada como definitiva antes da medição do crescimento em árvores de maior idade, o que permitirá verificar ou não a continuidade da queda das taxas de incremento. Não foi possível determinar na árvore dominada as idades de culmínio de incremento.
Produção de <i>Eucalyptus grandis</i> Hhill ex Maiden em diferentes intensidades de desbaste.
Authors: Schneider Paulo Renato , Finger César Augusto Guimarães , Hoppe Juarez Martins , Drescher Ronaldo , Scheeren Luciano W. , Mainardi Gerson Luis , Fleig Frederico Dimas 
Published: May 2017

O efeito de diferentes intensidades de desbaste sobre a produção Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden implantado no ano de 1981, em espaçamento inicial de 3,0 x 2,0 metros, na região de Cachoeira do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, foi estudado com delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com duas repetições e quatro tratamentos: testemunha, sem desbastes, manutenção de 40%, 50% e 60% da área basal da testemunha, constando-se diferença significativa entre os tratamentos, ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. A produção máxima (756,3 m3cc/ha) foi obtida na testemunha, sem desbaste, que não diferiu estatísticamente de 639,6 m3cc/ha, obtido no tratamento com manutenção de 60% da área basal da testemunha, porém diferiu dos tratamentos com manutenção de 50% e 40% da área basal da testemunha. A redução da área basal incrementou a concentração das freqüências nas maiores classes de diâmetro, deslocando a distribuição para a direita, porém com perdas expressivas de produção total e acréscimo significativo no diâmetro. A manutenção de 60% da área basal da testemunha permitiu as menores perdas de produção, cerca de 15,4%, e um ganho de 6,4cm ou 23,9% em incremento diamétrico das árvores remanescentes quando comparado com a testemunha, sem desbaste.
Branqueamento ECF e TCF de celulose de fibras secundárias.
Authors: Ventorim Gustavo , Colodette Jorge L. , Costa Marcelo M. da , Brito Ana Campos de 
Published: May 2017

secundárias destintadas provenientes de uma mistura de composição conhecida de lixo de escritório (MOW) e produzidas em planta piloto. A polpa foi branqueada a um nível mínimo de alvura de 78% ISO, sendo que o requerimento de reagentes e as principais propriedades da polpa foram avaliadas. Dentre as seqüência ECF, a mais atrativa foi a DEDD que apresentou o mais baixo custo e ainda eliminou toda a fluorescência e grande parte da coordenada de cor b* da polpa. As seqüências ECF resultaram em polpas de alta viscosidade em relação às convencionais. A seqüência TCF com ozônio mais atrativa foi a Q(PO)(ZQ)(PO) que se mostrou flexível quanto ao teto de alvura, além de reduzir significativamente a coordenada de cor b* e ligeiramente a fluorescência da polpa. A melhor seqüência TCF sem-ozônio Q(PO)Q(PO) apresentou-se pouco flexível quanto ao teto de alvura e teve pouco efeito na fluorescência e coordenada de cor b* da polpa. As viscosidades finais das polpas, branqueadas pelos processos TCF, foram aceitáveis. Os resultados de rendimento, para os processos avaliados nesse estudo, foram afetados negativamente por estágios alcalinos, como O, P e (PO), em alta temperatura.
Efeitos dos estresses hidrico e salino e da ação de giberelina em sementes de <i>Senna spectabilis. </i>
Authors: Jeller Helma , Andrade Perez Sonia Cristina Juliano Gualtierres de 
Published: May 2017

Senna spectabilis (DC.) Irwin et Barn. variedade excelsa (Schrad.) Irwin et Barn. é uma leguminosa de porte arbóreo indicada para paisagismo, arborização urbana e plantios em áreas degradadas recomendadas para preservação permanente. Na arborização ou em áreas degradadas essas plantas ficam sujeitas ao estresse hídrico e/ou salino. Assim foram estudados aspectos relativos aos efeitos desses estresses simulados e a ação de fitorregulador em sementes sob tais estresses. As sementes foram colocadas em placas de Petri sobre papel de filtro umedecido com Captan (2%) ou solução-teste e incubadas sob 27ºC. As soluções-teste foram PEG 6000 a 0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6; -0,7 e -0,8MPa e NaCl a 0,0; -0,2; -0,4; -0,6; -0,8; -1,0; -1,2; -1,4; -1,5; -1,6 e -1,7MPa com ou sem a adição de GA3. As sementes de Senna spectabilis sob estresse hídrico induzido com PEG 6000 apresentaram limite máximo de germinabilidade a -0,7MPa, não sendo considerado um limite elevado de tolerância, em comparação com outras espécies lenhosas. Com relação ao efeito do estresse salino, a diminuição do potencial osmótico das soluções de NaCl levou a um decréscimo no sincronismo, na velocidade e germinabilidade, com germinação totalmente suprimida a -1,6MPa. A adição de 40ppm de ácido giberélico atenuou parcialmente os efeitos dos estresses hídrico e salino.
Diagnoses of Depression and Anxiety Versus Current Symptoms and Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Marrie Ruth Ann , Patten Scott B. , Berrigan Lindsay I. , Tremlett Helen , Wolfson Christina , Warren Sharon , Leung Stella , Fiest Kirsten M. , McKay Kyla A. , Fisk John D. ,   on behalf of the CIHR Team in the Epidemiology and Impact of Comorbidity on Multiple Sclerosis (ECoMS)
Published: May 2017

Background:Studies assessing the prevalence of depression and anxiety in multiple sclerosis (MS) have used various ascertainment methods that capture different constructs. The relationships between these methods are incompletely understood. Psychiatric comorbidity is associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in MS, but the effects of past diagnoses of depression and anxiety on HRQOL are largely unknown. We compared the prevalence of depression and anxiety in persons with MS using administrative data, self-reported physician diagnoses, and symptom-based measures and compared characteristics of persons classified as depressed or anxious by each method. We evaluated whether HRQOL was most affected by previous diagnoses of depression or anxiety or by current symptoms.Methods:We linked clinical and administrative data for 859 participants with MS. HRQOL was measured by the Health Utilities Index Mark 3. We classified participants as depressed or anxious using administrative data, self-reported physician diagnoses, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Multivariable linear regression examined whether diagnosed depression or anxiety affected HRQOL after accounting for current symptoms.Results:Lifetime prevalence estimates for depression were approximately 30% regardless of methods used, but 35.8% with current depressive symptoms were not captured by either administrative data or self-reported diagnoses. Prevalence estimates of anxiety ranged from 11% to 19%, but 65.6% with current anxiety were not captured by either administrative data or self-reported diagnoses. Previous diagnoses did not decrease HRQOL after accounting for current symptoms.Conclusions:Depression and, to a greater extent, anxiety remain underdiagnosed and undertreated in MS; both substantially contribute to reduced HRQOL in MS.
IN.S.OMNIA, 1983–1993
Authors: Wittig Rob 
Published: May 2017

For a decade before the Internet, members of the literary performance group Invisible Seattle pioneered the delights of creativity in social media on their Bulletin Board System (BBS) IN.S.OMNIA. The invisibles conducted a series of rigorous (and often hilarious) literary experiments, asking whether or not this disembodied text could support complex fictions, prose and poetry modes, as well as philosophic inquiry, exploring in microcosm the multi-vocal modes now common. The Invisibles discussed writing practices freed from paper-and-ink with writers such as Jacques Derrida and Harry Mathews. The essay captures the song of the modem -- the flavor of collaboration on the BBS platform -- and connects IN.S.OMNIA to netprov (networked improv narrative) and other contemporary practices.
Hacking the Voice of the Shuttle: The Growth and Death of a Boundary Object
Authors: Liu Alan 
Published: May 2017

This essay recounts the history of the Voice of the Shuttle, launched in 1995 as one of the first portal sites for scholars of the humanities and arts. Told from the perspective of VoS's creator, the story is a parable of the transition from early optimism that the permeable, boundary-crossing functions of the academic institution could be a model for open systems to the realization that wide online communities require technical and social controls foreign to the university ethos. At the moment of the fateful “bad hacks” that hit it in the mid-2000s, VoS lived and died the dream of open system.
The Art of Tele-Community Development: The Telluride Infozone
Authors: Lowenberg Richard 
Published: May 2017

The InfoZone, a project of the Telluride Institute in southwest Colorado, was an early example-setting community networking initiative, cited for being the first rural Internet PoP in 1992-93, and the first spread-spectrum wireless community-wide network in 1995. The InfoZone began as a First Class BBS network in the late 1980s, before connecting to the Internet, via Colorado Supernet in 1992, with support from the Colorado Advanced Technology Institute. Added early partnership support came from Apple's Library of Tomorrow program, IBM and the NTIA. In summer 1993, Telluride Institute hosted its annual Ideas Festival on “Tele-Community”, bringing together leading thinkers and doers to discuss issues of ‘community’ in the emergent Internetworked society. Before shutting down in the late 1990s, the InfoZone had 1200 subscribers (Telluride population: 1800), hosting online government, healthcare, library services, schools, arts, research, religion, business and tourism information and discussions, and was widely studied.
Writing upon System—Instituting Culture
Authors: Siskin Clifford 
Published: May 2017

The acting out of liberalism’s politics of blame helped to configure a new public space—a space other than the overtly political—in which to adjudicate claims about what parts of The System worked and what did not, what was of lasting value and what needed to be reformed. Those deliberations became the domain of “culture”—a term first used in its modern sense in Britain in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Once culture entered the West’s conceptual vocabulary, every group had one—in fact, every group still has to have one. Culture enacts the formal structure of system semantically as an imperative: parts (can and should) fit together into a whole. Reorganizing internally the very unity that it helped to contrive, “culture” also came to signify a subset of itself. Among the totality of activities that we call a “culture,” is “Culture”: in Raymond Williams’s words, “the works and practices of intellectual and especially artistic activity.” “Literature” was similarly doubled: what had been an inclusive category of all learning was systematized and narrowed into a high Culture subset of itself. To explain this process, this chapter tracks system’s ongoing role in configuring a period (Romantic, including Hume, Blake, Rousseau, Byron) and an author’s career (Wordsworth’s). These are “secret” histories in that system’s role has been largely written out of both narratives as part of the Arnoldian effort to elevate Culture and Literature by obscuring their links to what he saw as the contingent business of system-making.
A comparison of freezing-damage during isochoric and isobaric freezing of the potato
Authors: Lyu Chenang , Nastase Gabriel , Ukpai Gideon , Serban Alexandru , Rubinsky Boris 
Published: May 2017

Background
Freezing is commonly used for food preservation. It is usually done under constant atmospheric pressure (isobaric). While extending the life of the produce, isobaric freezing has detrimental effects. It causes loss of food weight and changes in food quality. Using thermodynamic analysis, we have developed a theoretical model of the process of freezing in a constant volume system (isochoric). The mathematical model suggests that the detrimental effects associated with isobaric freezing may be reduced in an isochoric freezing system. To explore this hypothesis, we performed a preliminary study on the isochoric freezing of a produce with which our group has experience, the potato.

Method
Experiments were performed in an isochoric freezing device we designed. The device is robust and has no moving parts. For comparison, we used a geometrically identical isobaric freezing device. Following freezing and thawing, the samples were weighed, examined with colorimetry, and examined with microscopy.

Results
It was found that potatoes frozen to −5 °C in an isochoric system experienced no weight loss and limited enzymatic browning. In contrast the −5 °C isobaric frozen potato experienced substantial weight loss and substantial enzymatic browning. Microscopic analysis shows that the structural integrity of the potato is maintained after freezing in the isochoric system and impaired after freezing in the isobaric system.

Discussion
Tissue damage during isobaric freezing is caused by the increase in extracellular osmolality and the mechanical damage by ice crystals. Our thermodynamic analysis predicts that during isochoric freezing the intracellular osmolality remains comparable to the extracellular osmolality and that isochoric systems can be designed to eliminate the mechanical damage by ice. The results of this preliminary study seem to confirm the theoretical predictions.

Conclusion
This is a preliminary exploratory study on isochoric freezing of food. We have shown that the quality of a food product preserved by isochoric freezing is better than the quality of food preserved to the same temperature in isobaric conditions. Obviously, more extensive research remains to be done to extend this study to lower freezing temperatures and other food items.
StrainSeeker: fast identification of bacterial strains from raw sequencing reads using user-provided guide trees
Authors: Roosaare Märt , Vaher Mihkel , Kaplinski Lauris , Möls Märt , Andreson Reidar , Lepamets Maarja , Kõressaar Triinu , Naaber Paul , Kõljalg Siiri , Remm Maido 
Published: May 2017

Background
Fast, accurate and high-throughput identification of bacterial isolates is in great demand. The present work was conducted to investigate the possibility of identifying isolates from unassembled next-generation sequencing reads using custom-made guide trees.

Results
A tool named StrainSeeker was developed that constructs a list of specific k-mers for each node of any given Newick-format tree and enables the identification of bacterial isolates in 1–2 min. It uses a novel algorithm, which analyses the observed and expected fractions of node-specific k-mers to test the presence of each node in the sample. This allows StrainSeeker to determine where the isolate branches off the guide tree and assign it to a clade whereas other tools assign each read to a reference genome. Using a dataset of 100 Escherichia coli isolates, we demonstrate that StrainSeeker can predict the clades of E. coli with 92% accuracy and correct tree branch assignment with 98% accuracy. Twenty-five thousand Illumina HiSeq reads are sufficient for identification of the strain.

Conclusion
StrainSeeker is a software program that identifies bacterial isolates by assigning them to nodes or leaves of a custom-made guide tree. StrainSeeker’s web interface and pre-computed guide trees are available at http://bioinfo.ut.ee/strainseeker. Source code is stored at GitHub: https://github.com/bioinfo-ut/StrainSeeker.
Associations between Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) and common native species in an African savanna
Authors: Ssali Fredrick , Baluku Robert , Drileyo Gilbert , Muhumuza Moses 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Lantana camara L. (Verbenaceae) is recognised as a problematic invasive alien plant species in many parts of the world. To eradicate or control this global invader, we need to understand the drivers of its spread and impacts and the potential for native recovery after the invader has been removed.

Here, we tested for species associations between L. camara and native plant species and large herbivores in Queen Elizabeth National Park, Uganda. We inventoried 40,100‐m2 nested plots spread over a 1 × 1‐km grid cell in the park's savanna landscape, with 11 plots located in uninvaded areas. Most of the plots (30 of 40) had been affected by fire.

Lantana camara covered 29 (73%) plots, 11 (38%) of which were in open grassland. Of the large herbivores that frequented areas free of L. camara, the Ugandan kob Adenota kob thomasi Sclater tended to avoid the areas invaded. The floristic composition of invaded areas differed significantly from that of noninvaded areas, with several palatable species rare or absent from L. camara‐invaded areas.

Practical implication: These observations indicate the presence of potential recovery constraints that will need to be overcome after L. camara has been removed. Sustained efforts will be needed to suppress the invader and subsequently enrich and bolster native recovery.
In Situ Characterization of Thermal‐Induced Evolution of Structure/Optical Properties of Heterogeneous 3D Chiral Soft Photonic Crystal Polymer
Authors: Zheng Chenglin , Yang Wenjie , Chen Yujie , Li Xiuhong , Sun Wentao , Li Laifeng , Guan Bo , Wang Jingxia , Jiang Lei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolymer stabilized blue phase (PSBP) liquid crystal has aroused wide attention due to its broad temperature range and potential applications in flexible display, multi‐mode monitor, and mirrorless laser based on its well‐compatible stability and multi‐responsiveness, such as electricity, humidity, and temperature. Temperature produces an important effect on the structure/optical properties of PSBP, but there lack of detailed investigation on thermal‐induced deformation and its influence on the optical performance of PSBP. Here, the thermal‐induced evolution of structure/optical properties of PSBP with different polymer content is in situ characterized by variable‐temperature ultra‐small‐angle X‐ray diffraction, Kossel diffraction, and polarized optical microscopy. A restricted deformation of PSBP cubic lattice is revealed by the shift of reflective wavelength and evolution of Kossel diagrams, which is mainly attributed to the thermal‐induced phase transition/separation of non‐polymerized components. The thermal stability of PSBP is improved by increased polymer content based on the limited deformation ability. This work is significant for the design of novel functional material, which paves the way for the preparation of photonic crystal soft materials with high stability and optical quality.
Exploiting the Base‐Triggered Thiol/Vinyl Ether Addition to Prepare Well‐Defined Microphase Separated Thermo‐Switchable Adhesives
Authors: Lamas Aritz , Polo Fonseca Lucas , Moussard Cécile , Zanata Daniela de Morais , Perli Gabriel , Ximenis Marta , Lopez de Pariza Xabier , Seychal Guillem , Caliari Marco , Itxaso Miren , Aguirresarobe Robert , Calvo Iñigo , Sardon Haritz 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSwitchable adhesives are materials of utmost importance due to their capability of having their adhesion/cohesion properties reversibly triggered upon stimuli, allowing on‐demand surface attaching/detaching. Still, several challenges mainly associated with complex uncontrolled chemical processes hinders their production. In this study, it is found that unexpectedly vinyl ethers are able to react with thiols in the presence of a catalytic concentration of base, which allows the preparation of well‐defined phase‐separated switchable adhesives. Indeed, these findings show that base‐catalyzed thiol‐acrylate and thiol‐vinyl ether are highly orthogonal, making the acrylate reaction faster. This is explored to react in the first stage thiols with acrylates in the presence of vinyl ethers to end‐cap all the oligomers with stable vinyl ethers and suppress undesirable disulfide formation. In a second stage the UV‐triggered thiol‐ene “click reaction” is carried out, forming the network. It is shown that the network prepared by this approach presents superior adhesion due to greater backbone length, a controlled crosslinking motif, and better‐defined microphase separation. Additionally, the adhesives made by this strategy are thermo‐switchable due to the temperature‐triggered base‐catalyzed thioether dynamic covalent character at 200 °C. Despite providing superior adhesive properties, the proposed technology endows scalable, thermo‐switchable, and O2‐resistant adhesives with huge industrialization potential.
Defect‐Mediated Efficient and Tunable Emission in van der Waals Integrated Light Sources at Room Temperature
Authors: Fu Qiang , Wang Shixuan , Zhou Bojian , Xia Weiqiao , Liu Xiaoya , Han Xu , Duan Zhexing , Liu Tianqi , Sun Xudong , Yuan Xueyong , Huang Yuan , Lin Junhao , Zhang Qi , Hu Zhenliang , Lu Junpeng , Ni Zhenhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite defect‐mediated states in monolayer semiconductors have been considered as efficient emitters in cryogenic conditions, they are severely quenched at room temperature (RT) because of multiple thermal‐induced non‐radiative channels, hindering their practical use. Here, robust and tunable defect‐mediated emissions at RT, designated as D1 (1.82 eV) and D2 (1.62 eV), are discovered in monolayer WS2 through argon plasma treatment, which, via multiple corroborative experiments, are attributed to distinct physical processes: bound excitons associated with sulfur vacancies (Vs) and the band‐to‐acceptor recombination, respectively. Remarkably, the defective sample exhibits over ten‐fold increase in both photoluminescence quantum yield and full‐width at half‐maximum (FWHM) compared to its intrinsic counterpart. Leveraging these pronounced edges, light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) functioning at RT achieve broadband (FWHM: 490 meV) and continuously tunable emission from 1.6 to 2.0 eV, as well as the highest electroluminescence (EL) external quantum efficiency (EQE) of ≈1.39% among transient LEDs based on monolayer semiconductors to date, thereby unveiling a new strategy for emission tailoring at the atomic‐scale limit.