bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Do individual, online motivational interviewing chat sessions enhance weight loss in a group‐based, online weight control program?
Authors: West Delia Smith , Harvey Jean R. , Krukowski Rebecca A. , Prewitt T. Elaine , Priest Jeffrey , Ashikaga Takamaru 
Published: September 2016

ObjectiveTo examine whether the addition of online motivational interviewing (MI) chats to a Web‐based, group behavioral obesity treatment program augments weight loss outcomes relative to the Web‐based weight control program alone.MethodsHealthy individuals (N = 398, 24% minority) with overweight/obesity were randomized to a 36‐session group Internet behavioral weight control treatment (BT) or the same group Internet treatment plus six individual MI chat sessions (BT + MI). Both conditions received weekly synchronous online chat group sessions for 6 months followed by 12 monthly group chats. Participants in both groups received identical behavioral lessons and individualized therapist feedback on progress toward meeting exercise and calorie goals. BT + MI also received six individual MI sessions delivered by a separate MI counselor via Web chat. Weight loss was measured at 6 and 18 months.ResultsThere were no significant differences in weight loss between BT (−5.5 ± 6.0 kg) and BT + MI (−5.1 ± 6.3 kg) at 6 months or at 18 months (−3.3 ± 7.1 kg vs. −3.5 ± 7.7 kg for BT and BT + MI, respectively). Attendance at group chats did not differ between groups, nor did self‐monitoring patterns, suggesting comparable engagement in the weight control program in both conditions.ConclusionsOnline MI chat sessions were not a viable strategy to enhance Web‐based weight control treatment outcomes.
Electronically captured, patient‐reported physical function: an important vital sign in obesity medicine
Authors: Fleming J. , Wood G. C. , Seiler C. , Cook A. , Lent M. R. , Still C. D. , Benotti P. N. , Irving B. A. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryObjectivesImpaired physical function (i.e., inability to walk 200 feet, climb a flight of stairs or perform activities of daily living) predicts poor clinical outcomes and adversely impacts medical and surgical weight management. However, routine assessment physical function is seldom performed clinically. The PROMIS Physical Function Short Form 20a (SF‐20a) is a validated questionnaire for assessing patient reported physical function, which includes published T‐score percentiles adjusted for gender, age and education. However, the effect that increasing levels of obesity has on these percentiles is unclear. We hypothesized that physical function would decline with increasing level of obesity independent of gender, age, education and comorbidity.Materials and MethodsThis study included 1,627 consecutive weight management patients [(mean ± SEM), 44.7 ± 0.3 years and 45.1 ± 0.2 kg/m2] that completed the PROMIS SF‐20a during their initial consultation. We evaluated the association between obesity level and PROMIS T‐score percentiles using multiple linear regression adjusting for gender, age, education and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI).ResultsMultiple linear regression T‐score percentiles were lower in obesity class 2 (−12.4%tile, p < 0.0001), class 3 (−17.0%tile, p < 0.0001) and super obesity (−25.1%tile, p < 0.0001) compared to class 1 obesity.ConclusionIn patients referred for weight management, patient reported physical function was progressively lower in a dose‐dependent fashion with increasing levels of obesity, independent of gender, age, education and CCI.
Early career mentoring through the American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology: Lessons learned from a pilot program
Authors: Badawy Sherif M. , Black Vandy , Meier Emily R. , Myers Kasiani C. , Pinkney Kerice , Hastings Caroline , Hilden Joanne M. , Zweidler‐McKay Patrick , Stork Linda C. , Johnson Theodore S. , Vaiselbuh Sarah R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundEffective networking and mentorship are critical determinants of career satisfaction and success in academic medicine. The American Society of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology (ASPHO) mentoring program was developed to support Early Career (EC) members. Herein, the authors report on the initial 2‐year outcomes of this novel program.ProcedureMentees selected mentors with expertise in different subspecialties within the field from mentor profiles at the ASPHO Web site. Of 23 enrolled pairs, 19 mentors and 16 mentees completed electronic program feedback evaluations. The authors analyzed data collected between February 2013 and December 2014. The authors used descriptive statistics for categorical data and thematic analysis for qualitative data.ResultsThe overall response rate was 76% (35/46). At the initiation of the relationship, career development and research planning were the most commonly identified goals for both mentors and mentees. Participants communicated by phone, e‐mail, or met in‐person at ASPHO annual meetings. Most mentor–mentee pairs were satisfied with the mentoring relationship, considered it a rewarding experience that justified their time and effort, achieved their goals in a timely manner with objective work products, and planned to continue the relationship. However, time constraints and infrequent communications remained a challenge.ConclusionsParticipation in the ASPHO mentoring program suggests a clear benefit to a broad spectrum of ASPHO EC members with diverse personal and professional development needs. Efforts to expand the mentoring program are ongoing and focused on increasing enrollment of mentors to cover a wider diversity of career tracks/subspecialties and evaluating career and academic outcomes more objectively.
Iron arsenide superconductors (CaFeAs)10MnAs8 with metallic interlayers (M = Pt, Pd; n = 3, 4)
Authors: Stürzer Tobias , Stürzer Christine , Johrendt Dirk 
Published: September 2016

The compounds referred to as 1038 and 1048 phases (CaFeAs)10PtnAs8 (n = 3,4) are the structurally most complex iron arsenide superconductors and the first examples with metallic interlayers. The electronic subsystems of FeAs and PtnAs8 layers hardly interact and the contribution of the metallic PtnAs8 interlayers to the Fermi surface is so small that the typical nesting is not degraded. (CaFeAs)10Pt3As8 is the parent compound of the 1038/1048 materials which undergoes the typical magneto‐structural phase transition in spite of the already triclinic lattice. Superconductivity is controlled by the same doping mechanisms as known from simpler FeAs systems. High critical temperatures up to 38 K occur in both 1038 and 1048 phases if the FeAs layers are clean (free from Pt) and electron doped by charge transfer either from Pt4As8 in 1048 or by rare‐earth doping of the calcium layer in 1038 compounds. The presence of two negatively charged layers (FeAs)δ− and (PtnAs8)δ− which compete for the electrons transferred from the Ca2+ ions is unique in the family of iron arsenide superconductors. Geometric incompatibilities of the FeAs and PtnAs8 slabs cause severe stacking disorder. The robustness of superconductivity against low lattice symmetry and significant structural imperfection of the interlayer is quite remarkable and underlines that the FeAs slabs are the key in controlling and understanding high‐temperature superconductivity in iron arsenides.Crystal structure of (CaFeAs)10Pt3As8 and the Pt3As8 layer.
Optical and photoacoustic investigation of AZO/Ag/AZO transparent conductive coating for solar cells
Authors: Cesarini Gianmario , Leahu Grigore , Grilli M. L. , Sytchkova A. , Sibilia Concita , Li Voti Roberto 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGreat attention has been recently paid to transparent conductive oxides (TCOs) due to their application in optoelectronic devices, flat panel displays, solar cells, and anti‐static coatings. Concerning photovoltaic applications, the reduction of the material and processing costs are the key factors in the production process. Due to In scarcity and cost, alternative solutions to indium tin oxide (ITO) are needed. Al‐doped ZnO (AZO) meets the requirements for application in thin film solar cells, thanks to its good optoelectrical properties, low cost and higher resistance to Hydrogen‐reach plasmas. Recently many papers analyze innovative AZO based TCO structures where a thin layer of Silver is introduced in the TCO so to increase the electrical conductivity without loosing transparency. In this work we study the transparency and the electrical sheet resistance of a multilayer AZO/Ag/AZO as a function of the silver thin layer, and discuss the problem of optimizing the thicknesses of the multilayers to get the best performances. We have realized an AZO/Ag/AZO multilayer coating by radio frequency (RF) sputtering with an optimal thickness of the silver layer. Optical and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) have been applied to perform the characterization of the sample. In particular PAS seems the most efficient technique to test directly the absorbance of the structure which should be reduced to avoid overheating and loss of the solar cell efficiency. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Low‐temperature Cu‐induced polycrystallization of electrodeposited germanium thin film on flexible substrate
Authors: Uchida Yasutaka , Funayama Tomoko , Kogure Yoshiaki , Yeh Wenchang 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe investigated the low‐temperature Cu‐induced poly‐crystallization (150 °C) of electrodeposited Ge film on a flexible substrate. For a 50 nm‐electrodeposited Ge film on a flexible substrate and annealed for 1 h, a Raman shift peak due to Ge‐Ge bonding at 299 cm‐1 was not observed, but a broad amorphous Ge around 270 cm‐1. However, the Ge‐Ge bond peak was observed after 5 h of annealing. The crystallization speed of Ge on the flexible substrate was slower than on a quartz substrate. The FWHM value of the Raman shift with respect to electrodeposition current had a minimum value of 9.2.cm‐1 at a electrodeposited current of 80 mA. The main XRD observed peaks were Ge(111) at 27° and Ge(102) at 30°. The stress evaluated by Stoney’s equation was about 0.5 GPa. However, the stress increased with the electrodeposition current. The stress before and after annealing of 60 mA was weaker than those in the films at a higher electrodeposition current. We propose that the electrodeposition current dependence is related to the deposition rate. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Advance hybrid key management architecture for SCADA network security
Authors: Rezai Abdalhossein , Keshavarzi Parviz , Moravej Zahra 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis paper presents and evaluates an advance hybrid key management architecture for supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) networks (HSKMA), which supports all three types of communications: unicast, multicast, and broadcast. The HSKMA is based on the elliptic curve cryptography and symmetric cryptography. While the elliptic curve cryptography is used for communication between master station unit (MSU) and sub‐MSUs, the symmetric cryptographic algorithm is used for communication between sub‐MSUs and slave stations that have limited computational resources. Our analysis shows that the HSKMA has the following distinctive advantages: 1) it supports the security requirement such as availability, forward security, and backward security, 2) it supports the required speed in the MODBUS implementation, and 3) it is suitable for the environments that have limited computational resources. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterization of a Fetal Liver Cell Population Endowed with Long-Term Multiorgan Endothelial Reconstitution Potential
Authors: Cañete Ana , Comaills Valentine , Prados Isabel , Castro Ana María , Hammad Seddik , Ybot-Gonzalez Patricia , Bockamp Ernesto , Hengstler Jan G. , Gottgens Bertie , Sánchez María José 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Stable reconstitution of vascular endothelial beds upon transplantation of progenitor cells represents an important challenge due to the paucity and generally limited integration/expansion potential of most identified vascular related cell subsets. We previously showed that mouse fetal liver (FL) hemato/vascular cells from day 12 of gestation (E12), expressing the Stem Cell Leukaemia (SCL) gene enhancer transgene (SCL-PLAP+ cells), had robust endothelial engraftment potential when transferred to the blood stream of newborns or adult conditioned recipients, compared to the scarce vascular contribution of adult bone marrow cells. However, the specific SCL-PLAP+ hematopoietic or endothelial cell subset responsible for the long-term reconstituting endothelial cell (LTR-EC) activity and its confinement to FL developmental stages remained unknown. Using a busulfan-treated newborn transplantation model, we show that LTR-EC activity is restricted to the SCL-PLAP+VE-cadherin+CD45− cell population, devoid of hematopoietic reconstitution activity and largely composed by Lyve1+ endothelial-committed cells. SCL-PLAP+ Ve-cadherin+CD45− cells contributed to the liver sinusoidal endothelium and also to the heart, kidney and lung microvasculature. LTR-EC activity was detected at different stages of FL development, yet marginal activity was identified in the adult liver, revealing unknown functional differences between fetal and adult liver endothelial/endothelial progenitors. Importantly, the observations that expanding donor-derived vascular grafts colocalize with proliferating hepatocyte-like cells and participate in the systemic circulation, support their functional integration into young livers. These findings offer new insights into the engraftment, phonotypical, and developmental characterization of a novel endothelial/endothelial progenitor cell subtype with multiorgan LTR-EC activity, potentially instrumental for the treatment/genetic correction of vascular diseases.
The Paris Agreement and the inherent inconsistency of climate policymaking
Authors: Geden Oliver 
Published: September 2016

Since the adoption of the Paris Agreement, the actual meaning of many crucial aspects of that agreement still remains fairly unclear. This has lead to extensive framing efforts, for example on the 5‐year review mechanism. What has been largely overlooked, however, are the decisions on quantified climate stabilization targets. Until now, there has been no serious questioning of the intention to limit the temperature increase to 2 or even 1.5 °C. Not that many in the climate research community seem to grasp the political rationalities behind the setting of long‐term policy targets. Even the mainstream policy discourse assumes consistency between talk, decisions, and actions. Accordingly, a decision on a certain climate target is presented and perceived as an act of deliberate choice, that will be followed up with the deployment of appropriate measures. In real‐world policymaking, however, many decisions are viewed as independent organizational products, not necessarily requiring appropriate action. Despite the cultural norm of consistency, inconsistency is an inherent and inevitable feature of policymaking. This is particularly problematic in public domains with a deliberately transformative agenda like climate policy, which is characterized by long‐term planning and a high demand for scientific advice. But if consistency of talk, decisions, and actions cannot be assumed, then concepts like evidence‐based policymaking become essentially devoid of meaning. Simply delivering the best available knowledge to policymakers might even have counterintuitive effects. In the future, policy‐driven climate researchers and advisors must critically assess how their work is actually being interpreted and used in policymaking processes. WIREs Clim Change 2016, 7:790–797. doi: 10.1002/wcc.427This article is categorized under:

Policy and Governance > International Policy Framework
Metschnikowia: half tetrads, a regicide and the fountain of youth
Authors: Lachance Marc‐André 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this review is to introduce Metschnikowia to the yeast researcher community and to convince readers that the genus is a worthwhile object of study in developmental biology, genetics, ecology and biotechnology. Metschnikowia sits at the foundation of modern immunology, having been instrumental in the discovery of animal phagocytosis. Some 81 species form a monophyletic group within the Metschnikowiaceae, which also include the smaller genus Clavispora and a few clades of Candida species. The family stands out by the habit of forming, by meiosis, only two ascospores, which in Metschnikowia are needle shaped. In some cases, the spores can reach enormous proportions, exceeding 200 µm in length; in others, ascus formation is preceded by the development of chlamydospores. The adaptive value of such features remains to be elucidated. Extensive genetic studies are lacking, but attempts to apply methods developed for model species have been successful. Some species are found at the plant–insect interface whereas others are pathogens of aquatic animals and have served as model organisms in the exploration of host‐parasite theory. Some species are globally distributed and others exhibit extreme endemism. Many species are remarkably easy to recover by sampling their known habitats. M. pulcherrima and close relatives may play an important role in wine quality and produce pulcherrimin, an iron‐dipeptide complex that can interfere with the growth of other microorganisms. Some symbiotic species incapable of growth in culture media have been assigned to the genus, but their kinship with the group remains to be demonstrated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Photoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterile elite lines for hybrid wheat breeding, showing high cross-pollination fertility under long-day conditions
Authors: Murai K. , Ohta H. , Kurushima M. , Ishikawa N. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPhotoperiod-sensitive cytoplasmic male sterility (PCMS) caused by Aegilops crassa cytoplasm under long-day (LD) photoperiods (≧15 h) has been proposed as a two-line system for producing hybrid varieties in common wheat (Triticum aestivum). The PCMS line is maintained by self-pollination under short-day (SD) conditions, and hybrid seeds can be produced through outcrossing of the PCMS line with a pollinator line under LD conditions. Maintainer lines of the PCMS lines are not necessary in this system. In our previous study, we developed two PCMS lines with the genetic background of the Japanese wheat cultivar ‘Fukuotome’, which showed high male sterility under LD conditions and high seed fertility under SD conditions. These PCMS lines were from a BC2 generation and were not genetically pure. Therefore, we screened the progeny of the BC2 lines, and identified BC2F8 lines that showed high male sterility and high cross-pollination fertility under LD conditions and high seed fertility under SD conditions. Furthermore, we screened the pollinator lines suitable for the PCMS system. These PCMS elite lines and selected pollinator lines will be useful for developing hybrid wheat varieties.
Wax Ester Rich Oil From The Marine Crustacean, Calanus finmarchicus, is a Bioavailable Source of EPA and DHA for Human Consumption
Authors: Cook Chad M. , Larsen Terje S. , Derrig Linda D. , Kelly Kathleen M. , Tande Kurt S. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOil from the marine copepod, Calanus finmarchicus, which contains >86 % of fatty acids present as wax esters, is a novel source of n‐3 fatty acids for human consumption. In a randomized, two‐period crossover study, 18 healthy adults consumed 8 capsules providing 4 g of Calanus® Oil supplying a total of 260 mg EPA and 156 mg DHA primarily as wax esters, or 1 capsule of Lovaza® providing 465 mg EPA and 375 mg DHA as ethyl esters, each with an EPA‐ and DHA‐free breakfast. Plasma EPA and DHA were measured over a 72 h period (t = 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h). The positive incremental area under the curve over the 72 h test period (iAUC0‐72 h) for both EPA and DHA was significantly different from zero (p < 0.0001) in both test conditions, with similar findings for the iAUC0–24 h and iAUC0–48 h, indicating the fatty acids were absorbed. There was no difference in the plasma iAUC0–72 h for EPA + DHA, or DHA individually, in response to Calanus Oil vs the ethyl ester condition; however, the iAUC0–48 h and iAUC0–72 h for plasma EPA in response to Calanus Oil were both significantly increased relative to the ethyl ester condition (iAUC0–48 h: 381 ± 31 vs 259 ± 39 μg*h/mL, p = 0.026; iAUC0‐72 h: 514 ± 47 vs 313 ± 49 μg*h/mL, p = 0.009). These data demonstrate a novel wax ester rich marine oil is a suitable alternative source of EPA and DHA for human consumption.
Improvement of the Flavor and Oxidative Stability of Walnut Oil by Microwave Pretreatment
Authors: Zhou Ye , Fan Wei , Chu Fuxiang , Pei Dong 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWalnut oil is in great demand due to its high nutritional value. However, it is easily oxidized and often loses its typical flavor. This study focused on the role of microwave pretreatment in improving the flavor and oxidative stability of walnut oil, and also investigated the effects of microwave pretreatment on unsaturated fatty acids (oleic, palmitoleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids) and antioxidant components (tocopherols and phytosterols). The results indicate that microwave pretreatment is effective in generating pyrazine compounds. The typical ‘roasted’ flavor was present when pretreatment for 2 min or more was applied. Meanwhile, compared with the control sample, only the highly treated sample (microwave‐pretreated for 4 min) showed higher oxidative stability. Only small changes were found in the composition of the unsaturated fatty acids, while the levels of tocopherols and phytosterols significantly decreased with increasing duration of microwave treatment (P < 0.05). The results suggest that the Maillard reaction caused the improvement of oxidative stability, since this reaction can also generate antioxidant products (melanoidins) in addition to pyrazines. Moreover, microwave pretreatment was found to be effective for enhancing the oil yield during pressing. Therefore, despite its adverse effects on tocopherols and phytosterols, microwave pretreatment could be used to improve the flavor and oxidative stability of walnut oil.
Systemic and localized extra‐central nervous system bacterial infections and the risk of dementia among US veterans: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Mawanda Francis , Wallace Robert B. , McCoy Kimberly , Abrams Thad E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIntroductionEmerging evidence indicates associations between extra‐central nervous system (CNS) bacterial infections and an increased risk for dementia; however, epidemiological evidence is still very limited.MethodsThis study involved a retrospective cohort of a national sample of US veterans (N = 417,172) aged ≥56 years. Extended Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for demographic characteristics and medical and psychiatric comorbidities determined the associations between systemic and localized extra‐CNS bacterial infections occurring >2 years before the initial dementia diagnosis and the risk for dementia.ResultsExposure to any extra‐CNS bacterial infection was associated with a significantly increased risk for dementia (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.20 [95% confidence interval = 1.16–1.24]). Independently, septicemia (HR = 1.39 [1.16–1.66]), bacteremia (HR = 1.22 [1.00–1.49]), osteomyelitis (HR = 1.20 [1.06–1.37]), pneumonia (HR = 1.10 [1.02–1.19]), urinary tract infections (HR = 1.13 [1.08–1.18]), and cellulitis (HR = 1.14 [1.09–1.20]) were associated with a significantly increased risk for dementia.DiscussionBoth systemic and localized extra‐CNS bacterial infections are associated with an increased risk for developing dementia.