bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PEMIKIRAN SUFISTIK MUHAMMAD SHALIH AL-SAMARANI
Authors: In’amuzzahidin Muhammad 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IIABSBARU">The ideas of sufism of Muhammad Shalih al-Samarani in Matn al-Ḥikam and Majmū‘at al-Sharī‘ah al-Kāfiyah li ’l-‘Awām is still rarely studied by researcher. The sufism of Muhammad Shalih al-Samarani emphasizes on implementing islamic doctrine with sincerity and submition to God. Muhammad Shalih bases his sufism on practical (sunni-amali) sufism. He reject philosophical (falsafi) sufism, embraced by especially lay people.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Ide tentang sufismeMuhammad Shalih al-Samarani dalam <em>Matn al-Ḥikam </em>dan<em> Majmū‘at al-Sharī‘ah al-Kāfiyah li ’l-‘Awām</em> masih jarang dikaji. Sufisme Muhammad Shalih alSamarani menekankan implementasi doktrin Islam dengan ketunduk­an kepada Tuhan. Muhammad Shalih mendasarkan sufisme­nya pada sufisme praktis (sunni-amali). Dia menolak sifisme filosofis (falsafi), yang khususnya dianut oleh masyarakat awam.
AJARAN TAREKAT SYATTARIYYAH DALAM NASKAH RISĀLAH SHATTARIYYAH GRESIK
Authors: Fanani Ahwan 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IIABSBARU">Tarekat (sufi order) is an important part of the development of Islam in Indonesia. The early Islamic mission in Nusantara was conducted by sufi’s teacher. Their ability to make close contact to local ruler enabled them to spread Islam in local kingdom. The tarekat had international link so that the acceleration of islamization in Indonesia was supported by the link sufi’s teacher had. The spread of sufi order happened quite smoothly because the teaching they introduced contained mystic elements that were familiar to local community. The gradual introduction of Islam by tarekat master in many places made islamization run peacefully. The mystic tenets brought by tarekat master create a harmony between Islam and local culture. The paper will deal with the manuscript of Risala Syatariya Gresik. The paper is conducted using philology. The main purpose of the paper is to present the text edition of Risala Syatariya from Gresik.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Tarekat (aliran sufi) merupakan bagian penting dalam per­kembangan Islam di Indonesia. Missi Islam pertama di Nusantara dijalankan oleh para tokoh sufi. Kemampuan mereka untuk mendekati penguasa setempat memungkin­kan mereka untuk dapat menyebarkan agama Islam di keraja­an setempat. Tarekat memiliki jaringan internasional sehingga percepatan Islamisasi Indonesia di­dukung oleh jaringan yang dimiliki oleh para tokoh sufi tersebut. Per­kembangan ajaran sufi ber­jalan dengan sangat halus karena ajaran yang di­perkenal­kan mengandung unsur-unsur mistis yang telah dikenal oleh masyarakat setempat. Perkenalan Islam secara perlahan oleh para tokoh tarekat di berbagai tempat telah menjadikan persebaran Islam ber­jalan secara damai. Unsur-unsur mistis yang dibawa oleh para tokoh tarekat ini menciptakan harmoni antara Islam dengan budaya se­tempat. Tulisan ini membahas manuskrip Risalah Syatariyah Gresik. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah filologi.
SPIRITUALITAS MURIA: AKOMODASI TRADISI DAN WISATA
Authors: Falah Ahmad 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IIABSBARU">Tradition of “nyekar” which is very familiar among Javanese society, especially in the grave yard Muria Kudus Central Java. This research revealed that most of the visitor of the grave are for getting tabarrukan , some kind safety and ease in any effort in their life, mastering any knowledge, and linuwih, getting for healing from any desease, and asking for blessing for their descendants. The visit to the grave impacted much to the society living, both economically and socially. In the perspective of economy, more than 1.500 force workers depended much the existence of Muria. The other impact are the local solidarity, social competition, and job opportunity, that resulted in the growth of pragmatism among Muria society members.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p>Tradisi “nyekar” sangat dikenal oleh orang Jawa, khususnya di makam Muria Kudus Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini mengungkap bahwa kebanyakan peziarah makam ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan keberkahan (<em>tabarrukan</em>), keamanan dan kemudahan dalam hidup, menguasai ilmu <em>linuwih</em>, disembuhkan dari penyakit, dan mengharapkan kebaikan dari nenek moyang. Kunjungan mereka ke makam itu memberikan dampak yang besar bagi kehidupan masyarakat, baik secara ekonomi maupun sosial. Dalam perspektif ekonomi, lebih dari 1.500 tenaga kerja tergantung pada keberadaan makam Muria. Dampak yang lain adalah slidaritas setempat, kompetisi sosial, dan kesempatan kerja yang mengakibatkan munculnya tumbuhnya pragmatisme di kalangan anggota masyarakat Muria.
PENGALAMAN BERSUA TUHAN: PERSPEKTIF WILLIAM JAMES DAN AL-GHAZALI
Authors: Komarudin Komarudin 
Published: June 2016

<p class="IIABSBARU">Experience of meeting God constitutes an interresting phenomenon and become the focus of interrest of many disciplines. Psychology and tasawuf are two disciplines which focusedly study this phenomenon applying different approaches. Ghazali is the representative of the dicsipline of tasawwuf and William James is the representative of the dicsipline of psychology. The both experts applied the different approaches in studying the religious experiences. Epistemological base on which William James used , has the scientific accountability but less accurate in the source of knowledge. In other side, Ghazali has a deep source of knowledge but less of rationality. An effort to compromise the both approach in order to study about the experience of meeting God will result in a comprehensive, deep, and objective depiction.</p><p class="IKa-ABSTRAK">***</p><p class="IIABSBARU">Pengalaman bersua Tuhan merupakan fenomena yang menarik dan menjadi titik perhatian banyak disiplin ilmu. Psikologi dan tasawuf merupakan dua disiplin ilmu yang memfokuskan kajiannya pada fenomena ini dengan menerapkan pendekatan yang berbeda. Ghazali adalah representasi dari disiplin ilmu tasawuf dan William James adalah representasi disiplin ilmu psikologi. Kedua ahli tersebut menggunakan pendekatan yang berbeda dalam mengkaji pengalaman keagamaan. Basis epistimologi yang digunakan oleh James memiliki akuntabilitas ilmiah namun kurang akurat dalam sumber pengetahuannya. Di sisi lain Ghazali memiliki sumber pengetahuan yang dalam namun kurang dari sisi rasionalitas. Upaya untuk mengkompromikan kedua pendekatan dalam rangka untuk mengkaji pengalaman bersua Tuhan akan menghasilkan penggambaran yang dalam dan obyektif.</p>
Determinants of Target Costing Adoption: A Research Note
Authors: Navissi Farshid , Sridharan VG 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
The objective of this paper is to advance the theory relating to the determinants of target costing (TC) system adoption by firms. Although the existing literature identifies several factors, it mainly clarifies the circumstances under which TC adoption will add firm value, which refers to a benefit orientation. This paper uses Miles and Snow's (1978) strategy typology to examine the cost orientation of TC adoption, which answers the question as to why firms do not adopt TC even when the existing literature alludes to the benefits of adoption. The paper argues that prospector managers possess the scope to take advantage of the high information asymmetry to avoid TC adoption, because their stock-based compensation increases with volatility in earnings and stock returns. In contrast, defender managers gain increased cash-based compensation with the adoption of TC, which helps achieve greater firm profits. The paper concludes with specific sources of agency problems and several avenues for future research.
An experimental investigation on dynamics and heat transfer associated with a single droplet impacting on a hot surface above the Leidenfrost point temperature
Authors: Park J. , Kim H. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
During large loss-of-coolant accidents in nuclear reactors, water splatters as the quench front propagates at the quenching surface, and many droplets of different sizes and velocities are generated and carried with the steam in the cooling channel. Heat transfer due to droplets striking an overheated fuel rod above the Leidenfrost point temperature is important for predicting the peak cladding temperature. This study investigated the dynamics and heat transfer characteristics when a single droplet at room temperature collided with a surface at 425 °C experimentally, using synchronized high-speed video and infrared cameras. Various physical parameters related to heat transfer model development were measured, including the residence time, spreading diameter, local heat flux distribution, effective heat transfer area, average vapor film thickness, and total heat transfer per collision. The measured data were compared with the values of the physical parameters predicted by existing mechanistic models.
The effect of spacer grid critical component on pressure drop under both single and two phase flow conditions
Authors: Han B. , Yang B.-W. , Zhang H. , Mao H. , Zha Y. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
As pressure drop is one of the most critical thermal hydraulic parameters for spacer grids the accurate estimation of it is the key to the design and development of spacer grids. Most of the available correlations for pressure drop do not contain any real geometrical parameters that characterize the grid effect. The main functions for spacer grid are structural support and flow mixing. Once the boundary sublayer near the rod bundle is disturbed, the liquid forms swirls or flow separation that affect pressure drop. However, under two phase flow conditions, due to the existence of steam bubble, the complexity for spacer grid are multiplied and pressure drop calculation becomes much more challenging. The influence of the dimple location, distance of mixing vane to the nearest strip, and the effect of inter-subchannel mixing among neighboring subchannels on pressure drop and downstream flow fields are analyzed in this paper. Based on this study, more detailed space grid geometry parameters are recommended for adding into the correlation when predicting pressure drop.
Red raspberries can improve motor function in aged rats
Authors: Galli Rachel L. , Carey Amanda N. , Luskin Katharine A. , Bielinski Donna F. , Shukitt-Hale Barbara 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND: Many foods rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds have been shown to increase health and reduce markers of aging. A number of berry fruits high in polyphenols are known to ameliorate age-related declines in cellular, cognitive and behavioral function in rats. OBJECTIVES: This study evaluated the effectiveness of a red raspberry-supplemented diet on age-sensitive measures of learning, memory and motor performance in aged (19 mo) F344 rats. METHODS: Red raspberry extract was prepared from fresh whole fruit and incorporated in standard rodent chow to create a 2% diet. Following ten weeks on a control or 2% raspberry diet, cognitive and motor performance was assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM) and a battery of five psychomotor tasks. RESULTS: The supplemented diet significantly improved performance on three of the five motor tasks, but did not affect MWM performance. Specifically, old rats fed the 2% raspberry diet had significantly better performance on the rod and plank walks, which measure psychomotor coordination and balance, and on the inclined screen, which measures muscle tone, strength, stamina and balance. CONCLUSIONS: Given that falls are the number one health hazard for otherwise healthy older adults, these results may have important implications for increasing healthy aging.
The in vitro evaluation of isolated procyanidins as modulators of cytokine-induced eotaxin production in human alveolar epithelial cells
Authors: Coleman Sara L. , Hurst Roger D. , Sawyer Gregory M. , Kruger Marlena C. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND: Populations that consume procyanidin-rich diets are less susceptible to inflammatory disease. Allergic asthma is an inflammatory lung disease perpetuated by a hyperreactive airway epithelium and eosinophil infiltration into the lung. Eotaxin-1 (CCL11) mediates eosinophil migration into tissues and its modulation could represent a means to assist the management of airway inflammation. OBJECTIVE: Here we evaluated procyanidins as a means of modulating CCL11 production in vitro. METHODS: We used human lung epithelial cells (A549) and optimized the conditions to induce CCL11 production in vitro. Cells were exposed to procyanidins for 6 h prior to an inflammatory insult of 5 ng/mL IL-4 with 5 ng/mL TNF α for 48 h. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure CCL11 production. RESULTS: Cells exposed to 5 μM procyanidin A2 prior to the inflammatory challenge showed significantly inhibited (36%) CCL11 production. Under the same conditions, procyanidins B1 and B2 elicited no effect. Furthermore, combinations of procyanidins A2 and B2 (5 μM total) demonstrated no evidence of a synergistic interaction. CONCLUSIONS: These data demonstrate that the regulation of CCL11 by lung epithelial cells is not ubiquitous among the three investigated procyanidins. We demonstrate a differential inhibition of CCL11 by A-type and B-type procyanidins. This evidence supports further studies into procyanidins, specifically A-type, for managing inappropriate airway inflammation.
Multi-radical (ORACMR5) antioxidant capacity of selected berries and effects of food processing
Authors: Prior R.L. , Sintara M. , Chang T. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND: Fruits and berries are known to contain relatively high amounts of antioxidant/bioactive compounds. Several methods have been used for measurement of antioxidant capacity (AC), but not all methods have direct relevance to in vivo antioxidant status. OBJECTIVE: Determine AC in berry/fruit samples, processed berry products, and purified compounds by utilizing 5 different biologically relevant free radical/oxidant sources. METHODS: Samples were assayed for AC capacity using 5 different free radical/oxidant sources: peroxyl radical (ORAC), hydroxyl radical (HORAC), peroxynitrite (NORAC), superoxide anion (SORAC) and singlet oxygen (SOAC)]. Total AC (sum of AC with 5 individual radicals) was expressed as Oxygen Radical Absorption Capacity using Multiple Radicals (ORACMR5). RESULTS: SOAC contributed more than 60% of ORACMR5 in blackberries, sweet and tart cherries; and no detectable levels of SOAC were found in strawberries, black currants and raspberries. Whole fruit purees of mango, wild blueberry and cherry contained 95, 85 and 67% respectively of total ORACMR5 from SOAC. However, freeze dried wild blueberry powder from same production season had only 28% as SOAC and 42 and 22% as ORAC and HORAC. Blueberry/Pomegranate and Mango/Pineapple smoothies had 67% and 77% of ORACMR5 as SOAC. CONCLUSIONS: The antioxidant quenching potential using 5 different radical/oxidant sources of different berries and fruits varied widely and understanding this variation may be helpful in understanding health benefits of different berries and foods.
Effect of Aronia melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry) supplementation on the development of obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Baum Jamie I. , Howard Luke R. , Prior Ronald L. , Lee Sun-Ok 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND: Products derived from black chokeberry are claimed to be beneficial in treating chronic diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine if supplementation with Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) juice concentrate (AJC) has anti-obesity properties in mice fed obesogenic diets. METHODS: Male C57BL/6J mice ( n = 10/dietary treatment) were placed on either a low-fat, high-sucrose (LFHS; 5% fat), LFHS+AJC (1.44 g AJC/kg diet), high-fat (HF; 30% fat), or HF+AJC for 12-weeks. RESULTS: Final body weight was lower in LFHS+AJC compared to LFHS, HF and HF+AJC (∼14, 20% and ∼16%, respectively; P < 0.05). Mice receiving LFHS and LFHS+AJC had significantly higher ( P = 0.001) energy intake than HF and HF+AJC. LFHS-fed mice had less (–30%) epididymal fat ( p < 0.05) than HF-fed mice, however mice on the LFHS+AJC had less epididymal fat per gram body weight than LFHS controls. There was no effect of diet or AJC on adipose tissue gene expression. There was no difference in plasma insulin, glucose or triglycerides between groups, however there was a positive effect of AJC on adiponectin ( P = 0.059). There was also a significant effect of diet (LFHS versus HF) on HOMA-IR ( P = 0.004) and HOMA-BCF ( P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study demonstrate that AJC supplementation has the potential to prevent weight gain and markers of obesity. Further research is needed to determine mechanisms of action.
Development of obesity is reduced in high-fat fed mice fed whole raspberries, raspberry juice concentrate, and a combination of the raspberry phytochemicals ellagic acid and raspberry ketone
Authors: Luo T. , Miranda-Garcia O. , Adamson A. , Sasaki G. , Shay N.F. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND: A significant body of research demonstrates that intake of berries and berry phytochemicals favorably influence metabolism via a number of different biological mechanisms. However, raspberries and select phytochemicals present in raspberries have been less studied than several other berry fruits. OBJECTIVE: The current study tested the relative effect of whole raspberry products or raspberry phytochemicals using the C57BL/6J mouse fed a high-fat, high-sucrose diet as a model for the obesigenic Western diet. The development of obesity and related metabolic complications were measured. METHODS: C57BL/6J mice were fed experimental diets for ten weeks. Diets were formulated to include a typical dietary level of whole raspberry food products, or for the case of ellagic acid (EA) and raspberry ketone (RK), levels that could be reasonably achieved with typical dietary supplement use. In week nine, a glucose tolerance test was conducted. After ten weeks, animals were sacrificed, serum collected, and liver tissue saved for histology and lipid accumulation measurements. RESULTS: Addition of raspberry food products and phytochemicals to high-fat diet reduced body weight gain significantly when raspberry juice and puree concentrates (RJC and RPC), and the EA+RK combination were added. Food efficiency values reflected these weight changes, with the same three groups having food efficiencies similar to normal-weighted low-fat fed mice. Serum insulin and resistin levels were measured and resistin levels were reduced in the two groups fed high fat diets with RPC or RJC added. A histological evaluation of liver tissue was completed and some differences were impacted by diet. CONCLUSIONS: When added to a high-fat diet, raspberry juice and puree concentrates and the combination of EA+RK decreased weight gain and food efficiency obesity associated with consumption of the obesigenic high-fat, high-calorie diet. Future studies are required to determine mechanisms that may be responsible for these changes.
Estimation of aflatoxins in peanut or maize by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Shukla Shruti 
Published: June 2016

<p>Aflatoxin are potentially toxic metabolites produced by microscopic fungi when grow on food. Hence, determining content of mycotoxins such as aflatoxin has significant pharmaceutical value. This study reports step-by-step visual demonstration of determination of aflatoxin contents in peanut and maize (corn)-based food samples through employing enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The method is based on direct competitive ELISA in a micro-well format which allows determination of exact amount of aflatoxin in food samples as parts per billion (ppb), and the results are calculated using Neogen’s Veratox data reduction software that converts the absorbance values into quantities. This visual experiment will certainly contribute knowledge regarding importance and applicability of the ELISA method for determining aflatoxin content in variety of food samples avoided of analytical issues such as sampling, laborious sample preparation, and critical selection of analytical methods.</p><p><strong>Video Clip</strong></p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/iWR1gt_u2jo">Test sample preparation:</a> 7 min 12 sec<br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/VY_iwjpXFZI">Assay procedure:</a> 5 min 23 sec<br /><a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/mcdSp9ZRE7Q">Measurement of absorbance by Tecan ELISA microtiter plate reader:</a> 2 min 57 sec</p><p> </p>
RELACIONAMENTOS INTERORGANIZACIONAIS COMO FONTE DE VANTAGEM COMPETITIVA EM CADEIAS DE SUPRIMENTOS
Authors: Gohr Cláudia Fabiana , Meira Luanna Castro , Reul Lívia Maria Albuquerque , Firmino Priscila Rolim 
Published: June 2016

<p><em>O principal objetivo deste artigo é analisar de que forma os relacionamentos interorganizacionais em cadeias de suprimentos contribuem para o desenvolvimento de vantagens competitivas, utilizando como abordagem teórica a visão relacional. A visão relacional considera que nos relacionamentos interorganizacionais as empresas trocam recursos que permitem o desenvolvimento de rendas relacionais e, tais rendas levam ao desenvolvimento de vantagens competitivas. A abordagem metodológica foi o estudo de caso, em que foram estudadas duas empresas de uma cadeia do setor cerâmico, representado por uma empresa focal e um fornecedor de grande importância para as suas operações. A principal técnica de coleta de dados foi a entrevista semiestruturada dirigida aos gerentes das empresas. Para analisar o relacionamento entre as duas empresas foram definidas as seguintes categorias de análise: contratos, critérios de seleção de parceiros, investimentos em ativos específicos de relacionamento e intercâmbio de recursos e capacidades. Pode-se concluir que as duas empresas procuram ampliar a sua vantagem devido ao forte relacionamento que as duas possuem entre si, principalmente em função da forma em que são feitos os contratos (muitos deles baseados na confiança existente na relação), da forma de seleção dos parceiros, dos investimentos que foram feitos na relação e do compartilhamento de recursos e capacidades. As duas empresas obtiveram ganhos relacionais, pois, por meio do investimento feito pela empresa fornecedora, foi possível ampliar a sua rede de clientes em relação aos seus concorrentes. Já empresa focal reduziu os seus custos e o seu preço de venda, configurando, dessa forma em ganhos relacionais. </em></p>