bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Testing for local adaptation and evolutionary potential along 1 altitudinal gradients in rainforestDrosophila: beyond laboratory estimates
Authors: O’Brien Eleanor K. , Higgie Megan , Reynolds Alan , Hoffmann Ary A. , Bridle Jon R. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTPredicting how species will respond to the rapid climatic changes predicted this century is an urgent task. Species Distribution Models (SDMs) use the current relationship between environmental variation and species’ abundances to predict the effect of future environmental change on their distributions. However, two common assumptions of SDMs are likely to be violated in many cases: (1) that the relationship of environment with abundance or fitness is constant throughout a species’ range and will remain so in future, and (2) that abiotic factors (e.g. temperature, humidity) determine species’ distributions. We test these assumptions by relating field abundance of the rainforest fruit flyDrosophila birchiito ecological change across gradients that include its low and high altitudinal limits. We then test how such ecological variation affects the fitness of 35D. birchiifamilies transplanted in 591 cages to sites along two altitudinal gradients, to determine whether genetic variation in fitness responses could facilitate future adaptation to environmental change. Overall, field abundance was highest at cooler, high altitude sites, and declined towards warmer, low altitude sites. By contrast, cage fitness (productivity)increasedtowards warmer, lower altitude sites, suggesting that biotic interactions (absent from cages) drive ecological limits at warmer margins. In addition, the relationship between environmental variation and abundance varied significantly among gradients, indicating divergence in ecological niche across the species’ range. However, there was no evidence for local adaptation within gradients, despite greater productivity of high altitude than low altitude populations when families were reared under laboratory conditions. Families also responded similarly to transplantation along gradients, providing no evidence for fitness trade-offs that would favour local adaptation. These findings highlight the importance of (1) measuring genetic variation of key traits under ecologically relevant conditions, and (2) considering the effect of biotic interactions when predicting species’ responses to environmental change.
recount: A large-scale resource of analysis-ready RNA-seq expression data
Authors: Collado-Torres Leonardo , Nellore Abhinav , Kammers Kai , Ellis Shannon E. , Taub Margaret A. , Hansen Kasper D. , Jaffe Andrew E. , Langmead Ben , Leek Jeffrey T. 
Published: August 2016

Abstractrecountis a resource of processed and summarized expression data spanning nearly 60,000 human RNA-seq samples from the Sequence Read Archive (SRA). The associatedrecountBio-conductor package provides a convenient API for querying, downloading, and analyzing the data. Each processed study consists of meta/phenotype data, the expression levels of genes and their underlying exons and splice junctions, and corresponding genomic annotation. We also provide data summarization types for quantifying novel transcribed sequence including base-resolution coverage and potentially unannotated splice junctions. We present workflows illustrating how to use recount to perform differential expression analysis including meta-analysis, annotation-free base-level analysis, and replication of smaller studies using data from larger studies. recount provides a valuable and user-friendly resource of processed RNA-seq datasets to draw additional biological insights from existing public data. The resource is available athttps://jhubiostatistics.shinyapps.io/recount/.
Multiple binding modes of ibuprofen in human serum albumin identified by absolute binding free energy calculations
Authors: Evoli Stefania , Mobley David L. , Guzzi Rita , Rizzuti Bruno 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHuman serum albumin possesses multiple binding sites and transports a wide range of ligands that include the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen. A complete map of the binding sites of ibuprofen in albumin is difficult to obtain in traditional experiments, because of the structural adaptability of this protein in accommodating small ligands. In this work, we provide a set of predictions covering the geometry, affinity of binding and protonation state for the pharmaceutically most active form (S– isomer) of ibuprofen to albumin, by using absolute binding free energy calculations in combination with classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and molecular docking. The most favorable binding modes correctly reproduce several experimentally identified binding locations, which include the two Sudlow’s drug sites (DS2 and DS1) and the fatty acid binding sites 6 and 2 (FA6 and FA2). Previously unknown details of the binding conformations were revealed for some of them, and formerly undetected binding modes were found in other protein sites. The calculated binding affinities exhibit trends which seem to agree with the available experimental data, and drastically degrade when the ligand is modeled in a protonated (neutral) state, indicating that ibuprofen associates with albumin preferentially in its charged form. These findings provide a detailed description of the binding of ibuprofen, help to explain a wide range of results reported in the literature in the last decades, and demonstrate the possibility of using simulation methods to predict ligand binding to albumin.Graphical abstractFocusAlchemical free energy methods can identify favored binding modes of a ligand within a large protein with multiple binding sitesHighlightsHuman serum albumin binds the anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen in multiple sitesAlchemical free energy calculations predicted favored binding modes of ibuprofenBound geometry, affinity and protonation state of the ligand were determinedSimulations identified a number of previously undetected binding sites for ibuprofenFree energy methods can be used to study large proteins with multiple binding sites
Modeling and predicting of aeronautical thin-walled sheet metal parts riveting deformation
Authors: Chang Zhengping , Wang Zhongqi , Jiang Bo , Zhang Jinming , Guo Feiyan , Kang Yonggang 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Riveting deformation is inevitable because of local relatively large material flows and typical compliant parts assembly, which affect the final product dimensional quality and fatigue durability. However, traditional approaches are concentrated on elastic assembly variation simulation and do not consider the impact of local plastic deformation. This paper aims to present a successive calculation model to study the riveting deformation where local deformation is taken into consideration.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on the material constitutive model and friction coefficient obtained by experiments, an accurate three-dimensional finite element model was built primarily using ABAQUS and was verified by experiments. A successive calculation model of predicting riveting deformation was implemented by the Python and Matlab and was solved by the ABAQUS. Finally, three configuration experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the model.

Findings
The model predicting results, obtained from two simple coupons and a wing panel, showed that it was a good compliant with the experimental results, and the riveting sequences had a significant effect on the distribution and magnitude of deformation.

Practical implications
The proposed model of predicting the deformation from riveting process was available in the early design stages, and some efficient suggestions for controlling deformation could be obtained.

Originality/value
A new predicting model of thin-walled sheet metal parts riveting deformation was presented to help the engineers to predict and control the assembly deformation more exactly.
Internal customer satisfaction improvement with QFD technique
Authors: Camgöz-Akdağ Hatice , İmer H. Pınar , Ergin K. Nazlı 
Published: August 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to employ quality function deployment (QFD) method for translating internal customer needs and expectations into appropriate service specifications to perform existing process assessments in relation to quality characteristics for increasing internal customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approach– The integration of SERVQUAL into QFD has been used to set the success factors to improve quality in the textile industry. One of the largest textile companies in Turkey provided the sample. A SERVQUAL-type of questionnaire was used and a total of 32,938 questionnaires were distributed both manually and online, 24,551 usable were received, comprising a response rate of 77.31 percent.Findings– Findings of the QFD application suggest internal customer focus as having the highest weight score of almost 12 percent improvement. In addition, improvements in technical requirements of politeness and process communication have a 9 percent impact each on internal customer satisfaction criteria.Research limitations/implications– QFD technique is able to provide companies with a better understanding of internal customer expectations and translate these into appropriate service specifications and perform existing process assessment.Originality/value– This paper is a first attempt that applies this integrative approach to a different type of industry, thus offering practical and applied information for professionals engaged in academia and as practitioners.
Leadership for change
Authors: Arif Seema 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the scope of application of systems thinking and cybernetics for change management by presenting the case of a private university of Pakistan. Six Sigma has been tested as a possible solution to the problems faced by the institution.

Design/methodology/approach
– Stafford Beer’s approach of running the system on trial at five levels has been used to estimate system’s efficacy. The system analysis helped to identify lapses in the system as well as the leverage points for quality improvement. Six Sigma DMAIC tools have been applied for the possible improvement in the process of course management in a private university of Pakistan.

Findings
– Private universities in Pakistan are operated as a business and the business owners are busy to keep their system stable unmindful for the protocol for sustainability. What will make the system viable and sustainable is yet to be learnt by the private universities of Pakistan. There exists a sharp divide between bottom line approach of businessmen and the academia’s confidence in the quality improvement. However, it has been learned that the organizational development is the job of every academic manager, and managing the process through creative innovation is the only solution.

Originality/value
– The case study is a unique contribution in theory and principles of quality management for checking the application of Six Sigma and lean techniques for organizational development of a private university.
On sustainable development of organization
Authors: Myszewski Jan M. 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
– The subjects considered in this research paper form the basic prerequisites for improving the effectiveness of organizational development. The author assumes that the effectiveness of any process depends on the size of the reserve of capacity of the resources used in the process (for details, see Appendix). The purpose of this paper is to determine the conditions for the effectiveness of improvement projects.

Design/methodology/approach
– The author has constructed an algorithm (called ABC) to control the capacity of resources. With its help, the author defines the strategy for improvement in an organization. The basic principle of this strategy is continuous improvement, and tactics to control resources refers to the ABC algorithm.

Findings
– The author shows that continuous improvement is a prerequisite for the effectiveness of this strategy. It is shown that the features of this strategy reflect sustainable development of the organization. Along with the algorithm ABC, it forms a basis for the sustainable development strategy. The author shows conditions for effectiveness and explains how the strategy shapes the sustainable development of the organization. The author also explains why commitment of top management is necessary, what it is, and how it can benefit the organization.

Practical implications
– This effort is symbolized by the involvement of resources in projects conducted to improve organizational functions. The result of the capacity growth is increased ability to confront new challenges.

Originality/value
– The author claims that the strategy for sustainable development is shaping the conditions for a gradual increase in the capacity of the resources used in the improvement process. The growth in resource capacity in the repeatedly run improvement projects can serve as a model of organizational learning. The learning process requires effort.
Differential reporting of social and environmental disclosures between local and foreign oil companies in Nigeria
Authors: Odera Odhiambo , Scott Albert , Gow Jeff 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThis study aims to identify the differences between local and foreign companies’ social and environmental disclosures (SEDs) practices operating in the Nigerian oil sector. It aims at distinguishing SED levels by comparing local and foreign companies operating in the oil sector.Design/methodology/approachThe paper analyses annual reports through content analysis. SED extent and type are measured by the number of sentences. SEDs are further classified into three subcategories according to whether they are negative, neutral or positive disclosures and then their proportions are compared through descriptive analysis. To better understand SED differences, the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney–Wilcoxon tests are used.FindingsLocal companies are found to provide more content and a wider variety of SED than foreign companies. The majority of the total SEDs in both local and foreign companies are positive with very little evidence of negative news.Research limitations/implicationsThe measurement of SEDs focuses on only annual reports, without consideration of other disclosure media such as standalone reports and corporate websites. SEDs are assumed to be voluntary for the companies and they may choose not to disclose any information in annual reports, as there are no regulations or disclosure guidelines in Nigeria to be followed.Originality/valueThe main contribution of this study lies in identifying the factors that have led to diversity and uniqueness in SED between local and foreign oil companies. As such, this study seeks to contribute to the development of understanding multiple factors that could give rise to changing patterns of SED.
Corporate social responsibility and organizational attractiveness: implications for talent management
Authors: Story Joana , Castanheira Filipa , Hartig Silvia 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTalent management is a twenty-first-century concern. Attracting talented individuals to organizations is an important source for firm competitive advantage. Building on signaling theory, this paper proposes that corporate social responsibility (CSR) can be an important tool for talent recruitment.Design/methodology/approachAcross two studies, this paper found support for this hypothesized relationship. In Study 1, a job advertisement was manipulated to include information about CSR and tested it in two groups of 120 master’s degree students who would be in the job market within the year. It was found that CSR was an important factor that increased organizational attractiveness. In Study 2, with 532 external talented stakeholders of 16 organizations, our findings were replicated and advanced by testing whether perceptions of CSR practices (internal and external) influenced perceptions of organizational attractiveness and if this relationship was mediated by organizational reputation.FindingsThis study found that perceptions of internal CSR practices were directly related to both organizational attractiveness and firm reputation. However, perceptions of external CSR practices were related only to organizational attractiveness through organizational reputation.Research limitations/implicationsThe article’s one of the main limitations has to do with generalizability of the results and the potential common method variance bias.Practical implicationsThe findings demonstrate that CSR can play an effective role in attracting potential employees, through enhancement of organizational reputation and organizational attractiveness. If organizations are willing to implement practices that protect and develop their employees, along with practices that improve the quality of the natural environment and the well-being of the society, they can become an employer-of-choice.Originality/valueThis study expands on previous studies by including an experimental design, including two types of CSR practices and a mediating variable in this field study.
Does Warsaw Stock Exchange value corporate social responsibility?
Authors: Lipiec Jacek 
Published: August 2016

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the performance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) portfolio at the Warsaw Stock Exchange.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses the CSR portfolio of public companies that was selected in a three-step procedure. In total, 23 companies were selected and formed a CSR portfolio that is traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange under the Respect Index. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is used to compare returns of CSR companies with respect to the market. The performance of this portfolio is measured in the period from 2010 to 2012.FindingsThis paper finds that the CSR portfolio measured under the Respect Index outperformed market in all time periods from 2010 to 2012. In addition, in 2010, the CSR portfolio exceptionally outperformed the market by almost 80 per cent. In 2011, even though the market was down, the CSR portfolio reported lesser losses: −0.93 vs −1.73 per cent. In the following year, the market regained and the CSR portfolio again outperformed the market by 14 per cent. This paper also finds that the CSR portfolio is more sensitive to systematic risk than to specific risk. In addition, the CSR securities move according to the market trend.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of this paper is attributed to a cause-and-effect relationship. In other words, it did not answer whether adopting CSR led to higher profitability or profitability reflected an awareness of market conditions that favored the adoption of CSR. The future research should focus on this issue and indicate whether investors prioritize CSR over profits or vice versa.Practical implicationsThe results indicate that investments in CSR portfolio companies bring abnormal returns to investors. In addition, the CSR portfolio may resist market downturns and even bring exceptional profits to investors.Originality/valueThis study explains the CSR portfolio’s performance on the Warsaw Stock Exchange by using the CAPM.
Accelerometers can measure total and activity‐specific energy expenditures in free‐ranging marine mammals only if linked to time‐activity budgets
Authors: Jeanniard‐du‐Dot Tiphaine , Guinet Christophe , Arnould John P.Y. , Speakman John R. , Trites Andrew W. 
Published: August 2016

Summary

Energy expenditure is an important component of foraging ecology, but is extremely difficult to estimate in free‐ranging animals and depends on how animals partition their time between different activities during foraging. Acceleration data have emerged as a new way to determine energy expenditure at a fine scale but this needs to be tested and validated in wild animals.

This study investigated whether vectorial dynamic body acceleration (VeDBA) could accurately predict the energy expended by marine predators during a full foraging trip. We also aimed to determine whether the accuracy of predictions of energy expenditure derived from acceleration increased when partitioned by different types of at‐sea activities (i.e. diving, transiting, resting and surface activities).

To do so, we equipped 20 lactating northern (Callorhinus ursinus) and 20 lactating Antarctic fur seals (Arctocephalus gazella) with GPS, time‐depth recorders and tri‐axial accelerometers and obtained estimates of field metabolic rates using the doubly labelled water (DLW) method. VeDBA was derived from tri‐axial acceleration, and at‐sea activities (diving, transiting, resting and surface activities) were determined using dive depth, tri‐axial acceleration and travelling speed.

We found that VeDBA did not accurately predict the total energy expended by fur seals during their full foraging trips (R2 = 0·36). However, the accuracy of VeDBA as a predictor of total energy expenditure increased significantly when foraging trips were partitioned by activity and when activity‐specific VeDBA was paired with time‐activity budgets (R2 = 0·70). Activity‐specific VeDBA also accurately predicted the energy expenditures of each activity independent of each other (R2 > 0·85).

Our study confirms that acceleration is a promising way to estimate energy expenditures of free‐ranging marine mammals at a fine scale never attained before. However, it shows that it needs to be based on the time‐activity budgets that make up foraging trips rather than being derived as a single measure of VeDBA applied to entire foraging trips. Our activity‐based method provides a cost‐effective means to accurately calculate energy expenditures of fur seals using acceleration and time‐activity budgets, that can be transfered to studies on other species.