bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Genetic Polymorphisms of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and MDR1 Transporter on Pantoprazole Metabolism and Helicobacter pylori Eradication
Authors: Karaca R Ozgur , Kalkisim Said , Altinbas Akif , Kilincalp Serta , Yuksel Ilhami , Goktas Mustafa T , Yasar Umit , Bozkurt Atilla , Babaoglu Melih O 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that is commonly used in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease (PUD) and metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes CYP2C19 and CYP3A4. Pantoprazole is a substrate for multi‐drug resistance protein 1 (MDR1). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and MDR1 affect enzyme activity or gene expression of proteins and may alter plasma pantoprazole concentrations and treatment success in PUD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and MDR1 and pharmacokinetics of pantoprazole and therapeutic outcome in patients with either Helicobacter pylori‐associated [H.P.(+)]‐PUD or [H.P.(+)]‐gastritis. The plasma pantoprazole concentrations were determined by using an HPLC method at the third hour after a 40‐mg tablet of pantoprazole administration in 194 newly diagnosed patients with either [H.P.(+)]‐PUD or [H.P.(+)]‐gastritis. Genotyping was performed by using PCR‐RFLP and DNA sequencing. Among patients appearing for follow‐up examination (n = 105), the eradication rate for H. pylori was 82.8% (n = 87). The median pantoprazole plasma concentrations in poor metabolizers (PM), rapid metabolizers (RM) and ultrarapid metabolizers (URM) were 2.07, 1.69 and 1.28 μg/ml, respectively (p = 0.04). CYP3A4*1G and *22 polymorphisms did not affect plasma pantoprazole concentrations and H. pylori eradication rate. The MDR1 genetic polymorphisms did not affect plasma pantoprazole concentrations. MDR1 3435CC‐2677GG‐1236CC haplotype carriers had lower H. pylori eradication rate (60%) than the remaining subjects (84.9%) while the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.07). In conclusion, while CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms significantly affected plasma pantoprazole concentrations, polymorphisms of CYP2C19, CYP3A4 and MDR1 did not affect H. pylori eradication rates.
Unravelling the relevance of CLEC12A as a cancer stem cell marker in myelodysplastic syndrome
Authors: Toft‐Petersen Marie , Nederby Line , Kjeldsen Eigil , Kerndrup Gitte B. , Brown Gordon D. , Hokland Peter , Stidsholt Roug Anne 
Published: September 2016

SummaryEvidence of distinct disease propagating stem cells in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) has emerged in recent years. However, immunophenotypic characterization of these cancer stem cells remains sparse. In acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), we have previously described aberrant expression of the C‐type lectin domain family 12, member A (CLEC12A) as a stable and reliable marker of leukaemia blasts and as a tool for assessing minimal residual disease. Furthermore, CLEC12A has been proposed as a promising marker of leukaemic stem cells in AML. The role of CLEC12A in MDS, however, remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found CLEC12A aberrantly expressed on the CD34+CD38− cell compartment in 71% (22/31) of MDS patients, distributed across all Revised International Prognostic Scoring System risk groups. We showed that the CD34+CD38−CLEC12A+ cells were indeed malignant and possessed functional stem cell properties in the long‐term colony‐initiating cell assay. As opposed to reported findings in AML, we showed that cancer stem cells from MDS samples derived from both CLEC12A positive and negative CD34+CD38− subpopulations. Due to the absence of CLEC12A on normal haematopoietic stem cells, CLEC12A stem cell immunophenotyping may contribute to diagnosing and monitoring MDS patients and could furthermore add knowledge about disease propagating cells in MDS.
Changes in butterfly distributions and species assemblages on a Neotropical mountain range in response to global warming and anthropogenic land use
Authors: Molina‐Martínez Arcángel , León‐Cortés Jorge L. , Regan Helen M. , Lewis Owen T. , Navarrete Darío , Caballero Ubaldo , Luis‐Martínez Armando 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimTo assess the changes in the elevational distribution of 151 butterfly species over a period of 22 years (1988–2011) and investigate whether these changes are related to regional global warming and land use change.LocationSierra de Juárez, Oaxaca, Mexico.MethodsButterflies were surveyed at eight sites spanning elevations ranging from 117 m to 3000 m in 1988, and the same sites were resurveyed in 2010–2011. Changes in the elevational distribution of species and the structure and composition of species assemblages were compared between surveys. The results were interpreted in the context of land use and climate change in the region.ResultsButterfly species had shifted their distributions uphill by approximately 145 m on average. Significantly more species (78) showed an uphill shift in their distributions than a downhill shift (32 species). Species occurring above 1000 m elevation had shifted their distribution to an extent that matched the range shift expected under the recorded temperature changes. However, for species occurring below 1000 m elevation, and for all species combined, uphill range shifts were significantly less than expected based solely on the increase in temperature. Land use change over the study period was more pronounced at low elevations, and these butterfly assemblages are now dominated by generalist species.Main conclusionsOur results represent the first concrete evidence of shifts in elevation distribution of a large Neotropical butterfly community, attributable to increased regional temperatures. At high elevations, land use change is minimal and climate change appears to be the main driver of changes to distributions and assemblages, and the main conservation threat. However, extensive land use change has been the main driver of changes to butterfly communities at lower elevations.
Partner‐Language Learning Trajectories in Dual‐Language Immersion: Evidence From an Urban District
Authors: Burkhauser Susan , Steele Jennifer L. , Li Jennifer , Slater Robert O. , Bacon Michael , Miller Trey 
Published: September 2016

AbstractResearch has demonstrated that students in dual‐language immersion programs perform as well as, or better than, their peers in core academic content areas by late elementary school. However, the extent to which immersion education fosters bilingualism has received less attention in the literature. Using data from a four‐year efficacy study of dual‐language immersion education in the Portland Public Schools in Oregon, this study reports the skill levels that 1,284 dual‐language immersion students achieved in their classroom partner languages (Spanish, Japanese, and Mandarin Chinese) between third and eighth grades. The authors found that by eighth grade, the average dual‐language immersion student, regardless of language, performed at least at the Intermediate Low sublevel, and often higher, on Standards‐Based Measurement of Proficiency assessments of nearly all language skills tested (listening, reading, writing, and speaking). In comparison, eighth graders in the Portland Public Schools who began taking Spanish as an elective in upper elementary or middle school scored only at about the Novice Mid sublevel. After four years of immersion learning (grades K­–3), fourth‐grade students whose home language was Spanish scored similarly in reading and speaking to their immersion peers whose home language was not Spanish; however, they outperformed their immersion peers in listening and writing.
Relative contributions of bleeding scores and iron status on health‐related quality of life in von Willebrand disease: a cross‐sectional study
Authors: Xu Y. , Deforest M. , Grabell J. , Hopman W. , James P. 
Published: September 2016

Introductionvon Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most common inherited bleeding disorder known in humans. Currently, studies investigating the health‐related quality of life (HR‐QoL) in VWD using standardized tools are limited, particularly among patients with mild decreases in von Willebrand factor or activity.AimTo determine HR‐QoL and its predictors among patients with mild, moderate and severe forms of VWD.MethodsPatients with clinical diagnosis of VWD were recruited from a tertiary Inherited Bleeding Disorder Clinic. Upon informed consent, bleeding scores were obtained via a standardized, self‐administered tool. Each participant also completed a HR‐QoL questionnaire (SF‐36). Analyses included paired t‐test, independent t‐test, one‐way anova and multivariate regression.ResultsA total of 102 patients were recruited (consent rate = 95%). Participants were 38 years on average (SD 14.8), 78% were female and 80% were diagnosed with VWD Type 1. Compared to age‐ and sex‐matched normative data, VWD patients had clinically and statistically significant reductions in seven of eight HR‐QoL domains and the physical and mental component summaries. Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic status and rurality, there was a trend towards lower physical component summary with increasing bleeding score, and lower mental domains with iron deficiency status (P = 0.07 and P = 0.08 respectively).ConclusionThis study is the first to examine the impact of VWD on HR‐QoL across disease severity while incorporating socioeconomic status and rurality. Significant reductions in HR‐QoL among VWD patients, especially the relationship between iron status and mental HR‐QoL, strengthen the rationale for prospective studies to evaluate the efficacy of iron replacement in this setting.
The effect of border sprays and between‐row soil tillage on Drosophila suzukii in organic blackberry production
Authors: Iglesias L. E. , Liburd O. E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDrosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a major pest of soft‐skinned fruit. Females have an enlarged serrated ovipositor that is used to cut into ripening fruit and lay their eggs. Larvae develop inside infested fruit, rendering fruit unmarketable. Previous research has indicated that D. suzukii can move from adjacent woodlands into cultivated fields. Furthermore, multiple generations can occur in a single season as a result of fallen, infested fruit in the fields. Our hypothesis was that border sprays and soil tillage of field aisles can reduce D. suzukii presence in commercial blackberry fields (Rubus spp.). To test our hypothesis, we conducted split‐plot field trials in organic blackberry fields for 3 and 4 weeks in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Treatments were border sprays (whole plot, pyrethrins + azadirachtin) and tillage (subplot, ~15 cm). We evaluated adult D. suzukii in both years and berry infestation and natural enemies in 2015 only. We found that plots with border treatments had fewer D. suzukii (larvae and adults) than plots without border sprays. Tilling the soil between rows of blackberry bushes did not have a significant effect on adult captures or larval infestation of fruit. Natural enemies were unaffected by the border spray and tillage treatments. Our results confirmed our hypothesis that border sprays can be utilized to reduce populations of D. suzukii in organic blackberry fields, while maintaining populations of natural enemies. However, the effect of soil tillage is unclear and requires further investigation. Additional research should investigate the timing of border sprays and their effect on high infestations of D. suzukii as well as quantify fruit fall and depth of burial to reduce D. suzukii emergence using soil tillage.
Quality attributes of cassava‐fish crackers enriched with different flours:An optimization study by a simplex centroid mixture design
Authors: Coker Oluwafemi Jeremiah , Sobukola Olajide Philip , Sanni Lateef Oladimeji , Bakare Hakeem Adegoke , Kajihausa Olatundun Esther , Adebowale Abdul‐Razaq Adesola , Tomlins Keith 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA simplex centroid mixture design (SCMD) was used to optimize ingredient combination comprising cassava starch (CS), high quality cassava flour (HQCF) and fish flour (FF) in the production of cassava‐fish crackers. The standard slurry method was used and the effect of ingredient combination on some quality attributes of the crackers fried at 180 °C ± 5 °C for 15 s was investigated. Ingredient combination has a significant positive effect on oil and moisture contents, texture but expanded less. Increase in CS and FF resulted in decrease oil uptake while it increases with HQCF. Lightness decreased with increase in FF while redness and yellowness increases. Regression analyses indicated that the quadratic, cubic as well as special cubic nonlinear terms were significant (p < 0.05) in many of the models derived. Optimum ingredient mixture resulting in lower oil content and breaking force with maximum expansion and desirable physico‐chemical properties was 85% CS, 10%HQCF and 5% FF.Practical applicationsThis work provides valuable information on deep fat frying of cassava‐fish crackers using different levels of CS, HQCF and FF which are appreciated in many countries due to its pleasant sensory characteristics. The technique used is cost effective and produces fried cassava‐fish crackers of relatively good quality. This study could be used by small and medium scale food processors that are interested in producing cassava‐fish crackers of good quality due to availability of relatively cheap ingredients. The understanding of the influence of ingredient combinations on quality parameters is useful for deciding the appropriate level of each for an acceptable product. Predictive models generated can also be a viable tool for predicting product attributes as a function of the independent variables as well as designing of the frying process.
Age‐Related Sensory Impairments and Risk of Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Fischer Mary E. , Cruickshanks Karen J. , Schubert Carla R. , Pinto Alex A. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Klein Barbara E. K. , Klein Ronald , Tweed Ted S. 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo evaluate the associations between sensory impairments and 10‐year risk of cognitive impairment.DesignThe Epidemiology of Hearing Loss Study (EHLS), a longitudinal, population‐based study of aging in the Beaver Dam, Wisconsin community. Baseline examinations were conducted in 1993 and follow‐up examinations have been conducted every 5 years.SettingGeneral community.ParticipantsEHLSmembers without cognitive impairment atEHLS‐2 (1998–2000). There were 1,884 participants (mean age 66.7) with completeEHLS‐2 sensory data and follow‐up information.MeasurementsCognitive impairment was defined as a Mini‐Mental State Examination score of <24 or history of dementia or Alzheimer's disease. Hearing impairment was a pure‐tone average of hearing thresholds (0.5, 1, 2, 4 kHz) of >25 dB hearing level in either ear, visual impairment was a Pelli‐Robson contrast sensitivity of <1.55 log units in the better eye, and olfactory impairment was a San Diego Odor Identification Test score of <6.ResultsHearing, visual, and olfactory impairment were independently associated with cognitive impairment risk (hearing: hazard ratio (HR) = 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.11–3.26; vision:HR= 2.05, 95%CI= 1.24–3.38; olfaction:HR= 3.92, 95%CI= 2.45–6.26)). Nevertheless, 85% of participants with hearing impairment, 81% with visual impairment, and 76% with olfactory impairment did not develop cognitive impairment during follow‐up.ConclusionThe relationship between sensory impairment and cognitive impairment was not unique to one sensory system, suggesting that sensorineural health may be a marker of brain aging. The development of a combined sensorineurocognitive measure may be useful in uncovering mechanisms of healthy brain aging.
Eliciting Preferences of Multimorbid Elderly Adults in Family Practice Using an Outcome Prioritization Tool
Authors: van Summeren Jojanneke J.G.T. , Haaijer‐Ruskamp Flora M. , Schuling Jan 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesTo explore an outcome prioritization tool (OPT) in eliciting individuals’ preferred health outcomes (remaining alive, maintaining independence, reducing pain, reducing other symptoms) in the context of medication review in family practice.DesignCross‐sectional pilot study with mixed‐methods design.SettingFamily practice.ParticipantsMultimorbid individuals (N = 60; aged ≥69) with polypharmacy (≥5 chronic medications) derived from the practice lists of a purposive sample of 13 family physicians (FPs).MeasurementsParticipants were asked to prioritize each health outcome according the trade‐off principle, and FPs used this prioritization for medication review. The acceptability and practicality were measured using a questionnaire for FPs and participants and semistructured interviews with FPs.ResultsNinety‐two percent of participants found the OPT understandable, and 55% could easily prioritize between health outcomes. Working with the OPT (mean duration 31 minutes) was a new approach for FPs, but they became more adept at using it. For FPs, the OPT provides better understanding of their patients. Participants and FPs thought that there should be a specific reason to discuss preferences, such as (expected) decline in health status.ConclusionThe OPT appears to be promising in eliciting patient preferences but is not suitable for routine medication review at present. Further optimization before actual use is needed (e.g., knowledge in which clinical situations the OPT is useful). More information is needed on how individuals and their families perceive the tool.
Effect of smile index and incisal edge position on perception of attractiveness in different age groups
Authors: Chou J.‐C. , Nelson A. , Katwal D. , Elathamna E. N. , Durski M. T. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryChanges in occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) and age have been found to affect Smile Index (SI, width/height of smile). Limited information is available regarding the aesthetic effects of these changes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attractiveness of digitally manipulated smile images with differences in SI and incisal edge position (IEP) judged by respondents in different age groups. A total of 12 smile images were generated with varying SI (3·5, 5·3, 7·2, 9·0) and IEP (High, Medium, Low). Fifty respondents each in four age groups (15–24, 25–39, 40–54, 55+) evaluated the attractiveness of the 12 images using a 0–10 visual analog scale (VAS, 10 being most attractive). A repeated‐measures three‐factorial mixed model assessed differences. SI, IEP and age of respondents were found to significantly influence attractiveness score (P < 0·01 for all). With all age groups combined, SI = 7·2/IEP = Medium was most attractive (VAS = 7·22), followed by SI = 9·0/IEP = Medium, and SI = 5·3/IEP = Medium (VAS = 6·53 and 6·48, respectively). SI = 3·5/IEP = High and SI = 3·5/IEP = Low were least attractive (VAS = 1·99 and VAS = 2·58, respectively). Age group significantly influenced aesthetic perception, with younger respondents more critical in differences in SI and IEP. SI and IEP significantly influenced attractiveness of the smile in all respondent age groups. Low SI (i.e. 3·5) combined with high or low IEP was unattractive. Medium SI to high SI (i.e. 5·3–9·0) combined with medium IEP were considered attractive.
The Effect of Bilateral Eyestalk Ablation on Signal Transduction Pathways of Ion Regulation of Litopenaeus vannamei
Authors: Li Li , Pan Luqing , Hu Dongxu , Liu Dong , Liu Maoqi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA study was performed on the effects of bilateral eyestalk ablation on signal transduction pathways of ion regulation of Litopenaeus vannamei. The study included three treatments (starvation group, bilateral eyestalk ablation, and starvation and bilateral eyestalk ablation) in addition to a control group. The shrimp were sampled at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h. Results showed that the ablation of bilateral eyestalk had significant effects on the contents of three kinds of biogenic amines (BAs), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and the activities of three kinds of ion‐transport enzymes (P < 0.05). According to these results, bilateral eyestalk ablation had significant effects on the ion signal pathway of L. vannamei. The same changes were observed in 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) contents, Na+‐K+‐ATPase, and HCO3−‐ATPase activities, suggesting that crustacean hyperglycemic hormone (CHH) regulated the changes in ion‐transport enzymes, mediated by BAs and cGMP. The specific pathways may be 5‐HT → cGMP → Na+‐K+‐ATPase, HCO3−‐ATPase, and BAs → cGMP → V‐ATPase. 5‐HT contents, Na+‐K+‐ATPase, and HCO3−‐ATPase activities in the starvation group were ultimately higher than those in the bilateral eyestalk ablation group, while the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) contents increased slightly. Study results suggested that under the situation of bilateral eyestalk ablation, the shrimp could also use feed or its metabolites to increase 5‐HT or cAMP contents to regulate the Na+‐K+‐ATPase and HCO3−‐ATPase activities in gills.
Embodied Resources in Fish and Shrimp Feeds
Authors: Chatvijitkul Sirirat , Boyd Claude E. , Davis D. Allen , McNevin Aaron A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractGlobal averages were obtained for amounts of energy, land, water, wildfish, nitrogen, and phosphorus embodied in aquaculture feed ingredients. These data allowed amounts of these embodied resources to be calculated for typical feed formulations for channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus; hybrid catfish, I. punctatus♀ × I. furcatus♂; Vietnamese catfish, Pangasius spp.; Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar; rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss; tilapia, Oreochromis spp.; whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei; and black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon. Embodied resource use per m.t. of feed varied among species: energy, 4.90–12.48 GJ/m.t.; land, 0.082–0.312 ha/m.t.; water, 502–1227 m3/m.t.; wildfish, 0–2880 kg/m.t.; nitrogen, 3.08–8.63 kg/m.t.; phosphorus, 1.16–5.62 kg/m.t. These calculations did not account for variations in site‐specific factors related to embodied resources and feed composition and use. But they suggest that reducing feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 0.1 unit for the seven species (species groups) could potentially reduce feed use by around 1.1 million tonne (Mt) while conserving 9.8 million GJ of energy, 270,000 ha of agricultural land, 1.4 billion m3 of freshwater, and 1.24 Mt of wildfish. Reduction of the FCR is a powerful means of lessening farm‐level production costs and negative impacts of feed production and use.
Waking‐hour cerebral activations in nightmare disorder: A resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging study
Authors: Shen Chanchan , Wang Jiawei , Ma Guorong , Zhu Qisha , He Hongjian , Ding Qiuping , Fan Hongying , Lu Yanxia , Wang Wei 
Published: September 2016

AimThe purpose of the current study was to explore the cerebral areas involved in nightmare disorder.MethodsFifteen nightmare disorder patients and 15 healthy volunteers were invited to undergo resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging and to complete the Nightmare Experience Questionnaire.ResultsThe nightmare disorder patients scored higher on the Physical Effect and Horrible Stimulation scales, had higher values of regional homogeneity in clusters within the left anterior cingulate cortex and right inferior parietal lobule, and lower regional homogeneity values within the left superior and inferior frontal gyri and bilateral middle occipital gyri. Physical Effect was negatively correlated with regional homogeneity values in anterior cingulate cortex and inferior parietal lobule in the nightmare disorder group, and was positively correlated with regional homogeneity value in the inferior frontal gyrus in the healthy control group.ConclusionTo our best knowledge, this is the first neuroimaging study on nightmare disorder, and we have characterized the cerebral activities underlying altered hyperarousal and emotion regulation in nightmare disorder at resting‐state.