bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization of FGFR Alterations and Activation in Patients with High-Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer
Authors: Eisner Joel R. , de Jong Florus C. , Shibata Yoichiro , Mayhew Gregory M. , Davison James M. , Carcione Jenna , Pappan Kirk L. , Thomas Shibu , Triantos Spyros , Santiago-Walker Ademi , Baig Mahadi , Milburn Michael V. , Beebe Kirk D. , Zuiverloon Tahlita C.M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
The Genomic Analysis of High-Risk Non–Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (GARNER) study investigated FGFR alteration (ALT) frequency and the clinical outcome relationship with Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) treatment in high-risk non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (HR-NMIBC). An FGFR predictive response signature (FGFR-PRS) was discovered that identifies patients with an activated FGFR pathway who could potentially benefit from FGFR-targeted therapy beyond those who are FGFR ALT (+).

Experimental Design:
Pretreatment tumor samples and clinical data were analyzed from 582 BCG-treated patients with HR-NMIBC. FGFR-PRS was discovered using a separate bladder cancer dataset and applied to the GARNER and other bladder cancer cohorts. FGFR-PRS was also applied to in vitro data from urothelial cancer cell lines treated with FGFR-active agents.

Results:
A total of 31% of pretreatment GARNER HR-NMIBC tumors were FGFR ALT (+), but this was not significantly associated with BCG response. For the subset of patients with paired pre- and post-BCG treatment samples, nearly one-third of pretreatment ALT (+) patients were ALT (−) posttreatment. FGFR-PRS identified patients with an activated FGFR pathway and identified approximately twofold additional patients compared with ALT status alone, and this increase was similar across tumor stage. A positive relationship between tumor growth inhibition and FGFR-PRS score was shown in bladder cancer in vitro models treated with FGFR-active agents.

Conclusions:
These data provide support for FGFR-targeted therapy use in FGFR ALT (+) HR-NMIBC and describe tumors with shared FGFR pathway–activated biology that is FGFR ALT (−) but FGFR-PRS (+). The latter suggests a broader potential patient population for FGFR-targeted therapy, which will require subsequent validation in patients treated with FGFR-targeted therapy.
DNA Methylation-Derived Immune Cell Proportions and Cancer Risk in Black Participants
Authors: Semancik Christopher S. , Zhao Naisi , Koestler Devin C. , Boerwinkle Eric , Bressler Jan , Buchsbaum Rachel J. , Kelsey Karl T. , Platz Elizabeth A. , Michaud Dominique S. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Prior cohort studies assessing cancer risk based on immune cell subtype profiles have predominantly focused on White populations. This limitation obscures vital insights into how cancer risk varies across race. Immune cell subtype proportions were estimated using deconvolution based on leukocyte DNA methylation markers from blood samples collected at baseline on participants without cancer in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. During a mean of 17.5 years of follow-up, 668 incident cancers were diagnosed in 2,467 Black participants. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to examine immune cell subtype proportions and overall cancer incidence and site-specific incidence (lung, breast, and prostate cancers). Higher regulatory T-cell proportions were associated with higher lung cancer risk [HR, 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.06–1.41 per 1% increase in cell proportion] and a borderline increase in overall cancer risk (P = 0.06). Increased memory B-cell proportions were associated with a significantly higher risk of prostate cancer and all cancers (HR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04–1.33 and HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05–1.22, per 1% increase in cell proportion, respectively). Other immune cell subtypes did not display statistically significant associations with cancer risk in the main analyses. These results in Black participants align closely with prior findings in largely White populations. Our results add to the growing evidence demonstrating the important role of adaptive immunity in cancer risk.

Significance:
This study describes associations between immune cell types and cancer risk in a Black population; elevated regulatory T-cell proportions that were associated with increased overall cancer and lung cancer risk, and elevated memory B-cell proportions that were associated with increased prostate and all cancer risk.
ATF6 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Growth and Stemness by Regulating the Wnt Pathway
Authors: Rodvold Jeffrey J. , Grimmer Matthew , Ruiz Karen , Marsters Scot A. , Oikonomidi Ioanna , Tan-Aristy Eileen , Pham Victoria C. , Sarkar Tamal , Harnoss Jonathan M. , Shatz-Binder Whitney , Modrusan Zora D. , Wu Thomas D. , Lill Jennie R. , Villemure Elisia , Rudolph Joachim , de Sousa e Melo Felipe , Ashkenazi Avi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The unfolded protein response maintains endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis by sensing protein-folding stress and orchestrating cellular adaptation via the endoplasmic reticulum transmembrane proteins IRE1, PERK, and ATF6. Malignant cells can co-opt IRE1 and PERK to sustain growth; however, the importance of ATF6 in cancer remains poorly deciphered. We observed elevated ATF6 transcriptional activity in several cancers, including colorectal carcinoma. Genetic silencing or small-molecule inhibition of ATF6 blocked cell-cycle progression and reduced viability of several human colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro, and disrupted tumor progression in vivo. Unexpectedly, ATF6 interference disabled Wnt and Myc signaling and reduced stemness. ATF6 inhibition attenuated growth of organoids derived from malignant but not normal human intestinal tissue, decreasing Wnt pathway activity and driving cellular differentiation. Wnt-surrogate agonism in a Wnt ligand-dependent colorectal cancer organoid restored pathway activity and rescued growth under ATF6 blockade. Our findings uncover ATF6 as an unexpected facilitator of oncogenic Wnt signaling in colorectal cancer.

Significance:
ATF6 intervention reduces colorectal cancer cell and organoid viability by interrupting dysregulated Wnt signaling, identifying a novel facilitator and potential therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.
Can a Trusted Messenger Change Behavior When Information Is Plentiful? Evidence from the First Months of the COVID-19 Pandemic in West Bengal
Authors: Banerjee Abhijit , Alsan Marcella , Breza Emily , Chandrasekhar Arun G. , Chowdury Abhijit , Duflo Esther , Goldsmith-Pinkham Paul , Olken Benjamin A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Can information from a credible messenger shift behavior in an information-saturated environment? In a randomized controlled trial involving twenty-eight million individuals in West Bengal, we find that SMS-delivered video messages containing information about COVID-19 symptoms and health-preserving behaviors recorded by a credible messenger increased adherence to targeted and non-targeted preventive behaviors, measured by two objective measures (symptoms reported to a health worker, and phone usage at home), as well as self-reported behaviors. We find large spillovers onto non-targeted recipients. Credible light-touch messaging can play an important role in crisis response, even when similar information is widely available.
The Returns to College Major Choice: Average and Distributional Effects, Career Trajectories, and Earnings Variability
Authors: Andrews Rodney J. , Imberman Scott A. , Lovenheim Michael F. , Stange Kevin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A growing literature examining labor market returns to college major is motivated by large returns to skill. Prior research focuses on mean effects rather than earnings growth and variability. Using administrative data from Texas, we find that mean differences mask important features of the returns to college majors. First, earnings growth varies across fields. Second, there is considerable effect heterogeneity across workers. Third, major choice affects earnings variability within workers over time. We use our results to simulate a lifecyle utility model and compare mid-career utility and mean earnings returns across fields while highlighting the important role of risk preferences.
‘More like a partnership’: A qualitative evaluation of Communication Coaching for Sonographers (CCS) in obstetric ultrasound
Authors: Kaur Essie , Arezina Jane , Bryant Louise , Pollak Kathryn , Wallace Rebecca , Harrison Gill , Bender Atik Ruth , Sicklen Roxanne , Coates Jen , Hardicre Natasha , Lardner Teresa , Horwood Karen , Beety Hannah , Arnold Jon , Johnson Judith 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Sonographers are required to deliver unexpected news to expectant parents in real time during obstetric ultrasound scans. The complexity of these interactions requires sonographers to conduct the clinical task while communicating their findings and managing the expectant parent’s response within the designated appointment time. Communication coaching for sonographers (CCS) is a tailored intervention that has previously been associated with improvements in confidence and news delivery practice. The current study explored the views and experiences of sonographers who completed CCS to evaluate and inform future delivery of this intervention. Methods: Nine sonographers participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews after completing CCS. We analysed data using a Reflexive Thematic Analysis (RTA) approach. Results: Participants reported CCS to be valuable and informative. The key themes identified included (1) innovating the path: tailored and novel training for sonographers, (2) humanising care: honouring the self, service-users and relevant others in the delivery of compassion-focused care and (3) making space: considerations for successfully delivering coaching. Participants said the coaching provided practical suggestions and was experienced as a ‘safe space’ for reflective practice that helped to enhance their capacity to identify and respond to emotion in others. There were practical challenges to taking part in CCS and organisational factors could act as a barrier; managerial championing of the intervention was crucial to uptake and completion. Conclusions: Participants viewed CCS positively. To implement CCS, there needs to be organisational coordination. Further controlled studies will be needed to establish the effectiveness of CCS.
Homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate circulating levels in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ulloque-Badaracco Juan R , Al-kassab-Córdova Ali , Hernández-Bustamante Enrique A , Alarcón-Braga Esteban A , Cabrera-Guzmán Juan C , Horruitiner-Mendoza Andres A , Robles-Valcárcel Pamela , Benites-Zapata Vicente A , Pérez-López Faustino R 
Published: September 2024

Background: Some studies have reported that homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folic acid levels are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), whereas other studies yielded controversial results. Objectives: This study aimed to systematize the available evidence of homocysteine, vitamin B12, and folate levels in women with and without PCOS. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis Data Sources and Methods: A systematic search without language restrictions was performed on PubMed, Ovid/Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science. In addition, the reference lists of the selected studies were reviewed. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale was employed to evaluate the quality of studies. The means and standard deviations of the outcomes were pooled as standardized mean differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Furthermore, the DerSimonian and Laird method was employed for the quantitative synthesis. Results: A total of 75 studies met the eligibility criteria for at least one outcome. Patients with PCOS had higher circulating homocysteine levels than those without (SMD: 0.82; 95% CI: 0.62–1.02, n = 70 studies, p < 0.001). This trend remained in the sensitivity and subgroup analyses by world regions of studies, assay methods, and insulin resistance. No significant differences were observed in circulating vitamin B12 (SMD: −0.11; 95% CI: −0.25 to 0.03; n = 17 studies, p = 0.13) and folate levels (SMD: −0.2; 95% CI: −0.68 to 0.27; n = 17 studies, p = 0.41) between patients with and without PCOS. Conclusions: (i) Patients with PCOS exhibited significantly higher homocysteine levels than those without, and (ii) no significant differences were observed in both vitamin B12 and folate levels in women with and without PCOS. Registration: PROSPERO ID (CRD42023432883)
Validity of the PROMIS® Early Childhood Physical Activity Scale among toddlers
Authors: Kwon Soyang , Armstrong Bridget , Wetoska Nina , Capan Selin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The PROMIS® Early Childhood Physical Activity (PROMIS EC PA) scale is a recently developed PROMIS Early Childhood measure to assess PA among children aged 1–5 years. The purpose of this study was to examine test-retest reliability and convergent validity of the PROMIS EC PA scale among toddlers.

Method
An ancillary study was conducted in the toddler-mother dyad sample of the Child and Mother Physical Activity Study. Mothers completed the 7-item PROMIS EC PA scale twice: during a study visit (test) and on the last day when their child’s wore an ActiGraph accelerometer on the hip for 7 days (retest). The PROMIS EC PA summed score was calculated by totaling scores from items 1–5. Test-retest reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test and retest PROMIS EC PA. Convergent validity was assessed using rank correlation coefficients (rho) between PROMIS EC PA scores and accelerometer-measured moderate- and vigorous-intensity PA (MVPA).

Results
Among 74 participants (56% female; 19 ± 4 months of mean age with range of 12–30 months), average accelerometer-measured MVPA was 76 ± 24 min/day. The median number of days between PROMIS EC PA test and retest was 8 days (IQR = 6 to 8), with an average PROMIS EC PA summed score of 11.0 ± 3.5 at test and 10.5 ± 3.4 at retest. ICC for the test-retest PROMIS EC PA summed scores was 0.72 (95% CI = 0.59–0.82). The rank correlation between the PROMIS EC PA summed score and accelerometer-measured MVPA was 0.13 (95% CI=-0.10 to 0.35; p = 0.28).

Conclusion
In a sample of children aged 12–30 months, test-retest reliability for the PROMIS EC PA scale was moderate and its convergent validity against accelerometer-measured MVPA was poor. Prior to a widespread use of the PROMIS EC PA scale in large-scale research and clinical practice, the tool should be further refined and validated to elucidate how young children’s lived PA experience as measured in the PROMIS EC PA scale is relevant to their health and wellbeing outcomes.
Do personality profiles contribute to patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in adulthood? A prospective cohort study
Authors: Ahola Johanna , Kekäläinen Tiia , Chastin Sebastien , Rantalainen Timo , Kinnunen Marja-Liisa , Pulkkinen Lea , Kokko Katja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Despite the observed associations of personality traits with levels of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior (SB), studies exploring whether the personality profiles differ in terms of the pattern of accumulation of physical behavior are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify adults’ personality profiles and to characterize and investigate how these profiles differ in physical behavior.

Methods
The study utilized the longitudinal data of the participants of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development (n = 141–307). Information on the five-factor model of personality, including the traits of neuroticism, extraversion, conscientiousness, openness, and agreeableness, was collected at ages 33, 42, 50, and 61 years, and used to create latent personality profiles. Physical behavior, operationalized as the amount and accumulation of MVPA and SB bouts, was captured using a triaxial accelerometer worn during waking hours at age 61 years. The differences in the behavior between the personality profiles were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results
Five personality profiles were identified: resilient (20.2%), brittle (14.0%), overcontrolled (9.8%), undercontrolled (15.3%), and ordinary (40.7%). Although there were no statistically significant differences between the personality profiles in the time spent in MVPA relative to SB (MVPA per hour of daily SB), individuals with resilient (low in neuroticism and high in other traits) and ordinary (average in each trait) profiles had MVPA-to-SB ratios of 0.12 (7 min) and those with a brittle (high in neuroticism and low in extraversion) profile had a ratio of 0.09 (5.5 min). The individuals in the resilient group exhibited a longer usual MVPA bout duration than those in the overcontrolled (low in extraversion, openness, and agreeableness) (8 min vs. 2 min) and undercontrolled (high in openness and low in conscientiousness) groups (8 min vs. 3 min). They also exhibited a longer usual SB bout duration than those in the ordinary group (29 min vs. 23 min).

Conclusions
The resilient group displayed the most prolonged MVPA and SB bout patterns. The results suggest that personality characteristics may contribute to how MVPA and SB are accumulated.
Human activities reshape the spatial overlap between North Chinese leopard and its wild ungulate prey
Authors: Wang Yidan , Liu Mingzhang , Xia Fan , Li Sheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Rapidly expanding human activities have profoundly changed the habitat use of both large carnivores and their prey, but whether and how human activities affect the interactions between them has received relatively less attention. In this study, we conducted a systematically designed camera-trapping survey on an endangered large carnivore (North Chinese leopard Panthera pardus japonensis) and its wild ungulate prey (Siberian roe deer Capreolus pygargus and wild boar Sus scrofa) in the Taihang Mountains of central North China. Using conditional two-species occupancy model based on data derived from the extensive sampling effort (15,654 camera-days at 102 camera sites), we examined the relationship of spatial use between leopards and each prey species under the effects of human presence, free-ranging cattle, roads and settlements.

Results
Humans and cattle had contrasting effects on the relationship of spatial use between leopard and roe deer, with higher and lower spatial segregation between them at human and cattle-frequented sites, respectively. Roads might create a shelter for wild boar from leopard predation, with less spatial segregation between them at sites close to the roads.

Conclusions
Our findings demonstrate that human activities are reshaping the spatial overlap between large carnivores and their prey, and have non-equivalent effects among different types of human activity. Such effects may further alter the strength of interspecific interactions between predator and prey, with far-reaching influences on the community and ecosystem that require more research.
The German research consortium for the study of bipolar disorder (BipoLife): a quality assurance protocol for MR neuroimaging data
Authors: Vogelbacher Christoph , Sommer Jens , Bopp Miriam H. A. , Falkenberg Irina , Ritter Philipp S. , Bermpohl Felix , Attar Catherine Hindi , Einenkel Karolin E. , Gruber Oliver , Juckel Georg , Flasbeck Vera , Hautzinger Martin , Pfennig Andrea , Matura Silke , Reif Andreas , Grotegerd Dominik , Dannlowski Udo , Kircher Tilo , Bauer Michael , Jansen Andreas 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The German multicenter research consortium BipoLife aims to investigate the mechanisms underlying bipolar disorders. It focuses in particular on people at high risk of developing the disorder and young patients in the early stages of the disease. Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data was collected in all participating centers. The collection of neuroimaging data in a longitudinal, multicenter study requires the implementation of a comprehensive quality assurance (QA) protocol. Here, we outline this protocol and illustrate its application within the BipoLife consortium.

Methods
The QA protocol consisted of (1) a training of participating research staff, (2) regular phantom measurements to evaluate the MR scanner performance and its temporal stability across the course of the study, and (3) the assessment of the quality of human MRI data by evaluating a variety of image metrics (e.g., signal-to-noise ratio, ghosting level). In this article, we will provide an overview on these QA procedures and show exemplarily the influence of its application on the results of standard neuroimaging analysis pipelines.

Discussion
The QA protocol helped to characterize the various MR scanners, to record their performance over the course of the study and to detect possible malfunctions at an early stage. It also assessed the quality of the human MRI data systematically to characterize its influence on various analyses. Furthermore, by setting up and publishing this protocol, we define standards that must be considered when analyzing data from the BipoLife consortium. It further promotes a systematic evaluation of data quality and a definition of subject inclusion criteria. In the long term, it will help to increase the chance of achieving clinically relevant results.
Beyond the bulk: overview and novel insights into the dynamics of muscle satellite cells during muscle regeneration
Authors: Byun Woo Seok , Lee Jinu , Baek Jea-Hyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSkeletal muscle possesses remarkable regenerative capabilities, fully recovering within a month following severe acute damage. Central to this process are muscle satellite cells (MuSCs), a resident population of somatic stem cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation. Despite the highly predictable course of muscle regeneration, evaluating this process has been challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of myogenic precursors and the limited insight provided by traditional markers with overlapping expression patterns. Notably, recent advancements in single-cell technologies, such as single-cell (scRNA-seq) and single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq), have revolutionized muscle research. These approaches allow for comprehensive profiling of individual cells, unveiling dynamic heterogeneity among myogenic precursors and their contributions to regeneration. Through single-cell transcriptome analyses, researchers gain valuable insights into cellular diversity and functional dynamics of MuSCs post-injury. This review aims to consolidate classical and new insights into the heterogeneity of myogenic precursors, including the latest discoveries from novel single-cell technologies.