bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antibacterial Peptide Nisin Activates p53 Gene Expression and Triggers Apoptosis in Human Colon Cancer Cells
Authors: Mohan Latha Kumari Adithya , Biju Latha Chempakam , Padmanabhan Renjini Ambika , Vijayakumar Nithin , Ramachandran Rajesh 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are renowned for their broad‐spectrum efficacy against viruses, bacteria, and fungi, thereby holding promise for medicinal applications. Nisin, a bacteriocin synthesized by gram‐positive bacteria such as Lactobacillus and Streptococcus, has been used as a food preservative owing to its antimicrobial characteristics for decades. However, recent developments prompt further research on its application as therapeutic interventions, mainly focusing on anticancer activity. In line with this, the present study portrays the effects of nisin on human colorectal cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. A dose‐dependent decrease in cell viability with increasing concentrations of nisin was determined by the Alamar blue viability assay, which was supported by significant morphological changes in cells. Subsequently, we probed the apoptotic effects of nisin using EtBr/AO staining, confirming the induction of apoptosis upon nisin treatment, which was further confirmed by ELISA analysis. Elevated levels of Caspase 7 indicated increased apoptosis in nisin‐treated cells. As pharmaceutical p53 reactivation is considered as an attractive strategy to combat chemoresistance and adverse effects, the effect of nisin on p53 expression was determined by mRNA analysis. An upregulation in p53 expression in nisin‐treated cells compared to untreated controls suggests that bacterial nisin reactivates mutated p53. To assess cell cycle dynamics, we utilized PI flow cytometry, unveiling a G0/G1 phase arrest in nisin‐treated cells in contrast to untreated controls. In summary, our results strongly advocate the potential of nisin as a compelling candidate for drug development against colorectal cancer.
Testing a spaceborne passive‐microwave severe hail retrieval over Argentina using ground‐based dual‐polarization radar data
Authors: Galligani Vito S. , Bang Sarah D. , Cancelada Maite , Salio Paola , Bechis Hernan , Mezher Romina , Granato Agustin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPassive‐microwave hail detection methods rely on the scattering signal produced by large ice hydrometeors. Recently, passive‐microwave hail retrieval methods have been trained by pairing Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) and Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager (GMI) data with United States surface hail reports to present a global hail climatology. In particular, Southeastern South America (SESA) stands out as a hotspot for hail occurrence, more specifically northeastern Argentina. However, the analysis performed with the available ground hail reports in Argentina shows some differences from the available ground hail reports in Argentina, as it locates the most frequent hail storms in the southwestern (Mendoza and Córdoba) and northeastern (Misiones) regions of SESA. To assess the retrieval from a regional perspective, we take a case study approach and focus on polarization‐corrected temperature features (PCTFs) with a detected . We mainly rely on polarimetric weather radars and a hydrometeor identification algorithm (HID) as a proxy for ground truth. Results indicate that the hail retrieval responds mainly to low 37‐GHz polarized corrected (brightness) temperatures (PCTs) and large PCTF area, while HID outputs show that high probabilities of hail also correspond to abundantly suspended graupel. The observed passive‐microwave hail detection hotspot could be influenced by mesoscale convective systems with deep columns of graupel‐sized frozen hydrometeors, common in northeastern Argentina.
Growth pattern and turnover of carbon and nitrogen measured by stable isotope ratios in the hair of sika deer (Cervus nippon)
Authors: Hata Ayaka , Inoue Anna , Nakajima Yasuhiro , Uno Hikaru , Naganuma Tomoko , Shimamoto Tatsuki 
Published: October 2024

RationaleHair is known to preserve diet history and other physiological information during its growth period and is often used in chemical analyses. However, the growth patterns and turnover of hair vary according to the animal species or habitat, so understanding these patterns in the target animal is necessary for interpreting the results of hair analyses. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the growth pattern and dietary information of winter coat hair in captive sika deer (Cervus nippon).MethodsExperiments involving hair‐staining and shaving were conducted to elucidate the growth pattern of sika deer hair. A diet‐switching experiment was conducted to ascertain what dietary information is reflected in the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of the deer winter coat. Hair samples collected from each body site (head, shoulder, back, and hip) were analyzed using an elemental analyser interfaced with an isotope‐ratio mass spectrometer.ResultsThe winter coat grows from early September to early November, and then stops after that. During the growth period of the winter coat, the hair of the shoulder and back grew at a constant rate. The carbon and nitrogen stable isotope values of hair reflected the deer's feeding history during hair growth, but there seemed to be a time lag in the hip hair.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the guard hair of the shoulder is suitable for hair analysis in sika deer. The obtained information on growth patterns and isotopic change of hair from captive sika deer according to diet be useful for interpreting the results of future analyses using hair samples of wild deer.
Infective endocarditis due to nasal septal perforation during home oxygen therapy
Authors: Shinfuku Kyota , Takasaka Naoki , Ohashi Ryutaro , Fukuda Taiki , Takatsuka Makiko , Sato Ryo , Mita Mitsuyoshi , Hasegawa Tsukasa , Yamada Masami , Yamanaka Yumie , Hosaka Yusuke , Ryu Kai , Hoshina Tokio , Takeda Hiroshi , Ishikawa Takeo , Araya Jun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report a case of infective endocarditis (IE) due to nasal septal perforation during Home oxygen therapy (HOT). A 64‐year‐old man with a history of interstitial pneumonia (IP) and on HOT was hospitalized for dyspnea. Methicillin‐sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was repeatedly detected in blood cultures. Echocardiography revealed tricuspid valve vegetation and regurgitation. The patient was diagnosed with IE, according to the modified Duke criteria. A full‐body examination revealed nasal septal perforation and MSSA was isolated from the nasal cavity. The patient was treated with cefazolin and clindamycin. However, he developed aspiration pneumonia and subsequently died. The portal of entry of MSSA was damaged nasal mucosa, caused by dryness and curettage of the dried nasal mucus during HOT. Nasal septal perforation, a potential complication of HOT, may cause severe bacterial infections. Consequently, diligent nasal care is crucial during HOT.
Extended 73‐month survival in an elderly patient with BRAF V600E‐mutated lung adenocarcinoma: A case report
Authors: Namba Kensuke , Isobe Kazutoshi , Wakabayashi Hiroki , Ohashi Ryogo , Sakurai Hiromasa , Sakai Daiki , Irie Yusuke , Takashima Kenta , Murakami Yu , Kaneko Kaichi , Hiruta Nobuyuki , Matsuzawa Yasuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBRAF is a mediator that activates the mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway. A mutation in BRAF can cause abnormal pathway activation, leading to cell proliferation. In a Phase II study, the combination therapy of the BRAF inhibitor dabrafenib and the MEK inhibitor trametinib was found to be effective in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with the BRAF mutation. However, this study has limited efficacy and safety data for elderly patients. We present a case of a patient who started treatment at 87 years old and showed a good prognosis, remaining alive 73 months from the start of treatment with no significant adverse events. The patient also maintained a partial response (PR) according to RECIST 1.1 at the last follow‐up. This case suggests that the dabrafenib and trametinib combination therapy is safe and effective for elderly NSCLC patients with the BRAF mutation.
Intelligent Hydrogel with Physiologically Dependent Capacities of Photothermal Conversion and Nanocatalytic Medicine to Integratively Inhibit Bacteria and Inflammation for On‐Demand Treatment of Infected Wound
Authors: Mu Wenyun , Liu Jie , Zhang Handan , Weng Lin , Liu Tao , Chen Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAlthough chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) based on a variety of nanoparticles have been developed to achieve effective anti‐bacterial therapy, the limited therapeutic efficiency of CDT alone, as well as the undifferentiated damage of PTT to both bacteria and surrounding healthy tissue are still challenges for their clinical application of infected wounds treatments. In addition, during the CDT and PTT‐mediated antimicrobial processes, the endogenous macrophages would be easily converted to pro‐inflammatory macrophages (M1 phenotype) under local ROS and hyperthermia to promote inflammation, resulting in unexpected suppression of tissue regeneration and possible wound deterioration. To address these problems, a biodegradable sodium alginate/hyaluronic acid hydrogel loaded with functional CeO2‐Au nano‐alloy (AO@ACP) is fabricated to not only achieve precise and efficient antibacterial activity through infection‐environment dependent photothermal‐chemodynamic therapy but also rapidly eliminate the excess reactive oxygens (ROS) in the M1 type macrophage at the infected area to induce their polarization to M2 type for significant inhibition of inflammation and remarkable enhancement of tissue regeneration, hopefully developing an effective strategy to treat infected wound.
The Rise of Tandem Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diode
Authors: Lim Eng Liang , Chen Xi , Wei Zhanhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn 2024, tandem perovskite light‐emitting diodes (tandem‐PLEDs) achieved a breakthrough external quantum efficiency of 43.42%, with an organic electroluminescence (EL) unit stacked atop a perovskite EL unit, surpassing the previous single‐junction perovskite LEDs. This innovative design enables a higher brightness at lower currents, enhancing the longevity and efficiency of the tandem‐PLEDs. Additionally, the tandem‐PLEDs can also be fabricated by combining a perovskite EL unit with a perovskite quantum dot unit. In this perspective, the key advancements in tandem‐PLEDs are highlighted, focusing on the development of perovskite‐organic materials, perovskite‐perovskite quantum dots, and the design principles for obtaining efficient and stable charge generation layers. But more importantly, the challenges and solutions are discussed in fabricating all‐perovskite tandem LEDs using strongly polar solvents that have yet to be reported nowadays. This comprehensive guide aims to support researchers in advancing the practical deployment of tandem‐PLED technology.
Modification dx2−y2${{d}_{{{x}^2} - {{y}^2}}}$ Orbital Electronic States in Nickel‐Based Hydroxides Via Cobalt/Iron Co‐Doping for High‐Efficiency Methanol Electrooxidation
Authors: Li Junhua , Wu Chao , Wang Zhen , Meng Haoyan , Zhang Qi , Tang Ying , Zou Anqi , Zhang Yiming , Xi Shibo , Xue Junmin , Wang Xiaopeng , Wu Jiagang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe nickel hydroxide‐based (Ni(OH)2) methanol‐to‐formate electrooxidation reaction (MOR) performance is greatly related to the orbital electronic states. Hence, optimizing the orbital electronic states to achieve enhanced MOR activities are highly desired. Here, cobalt (Co) and iron (Fe) doping are used to modify the orbital electronic states. Although both dopants can broaden the orbital; however, Co doping leads to an elevation in the energy level of highest occupied crystal orbital (HOCO), whereas Fe doping results in its reduction. Such a discrepancy in the regulation of orbital electronic states stems from the disparate partial electron transfer mechanisms amongst these transition metal ions, which possess distinct energy level and occupancy of d orbitals. Motivated by this finding, the NiCoFe hydroxide is prepared and exhibited an excellent MOR performance. The results showed that the Co dopants effectively suppress the partial electron transfer from Ni to Fe, combined with the orbital broadening induced by NiO6 octahedra distortion, endowing NiCoFe hydroxide with high HOCO and broad orbital. It is believed that the work gives an in‐depth understanding on orbital electronic states regulation in Ni(OH)2, which is beneficial for designing Ni(OH)2‐based catalysts with high MOR performance.
Multi‐objective based container placement strategy in CaaS
Authors: Khan Md. Akram , Sahoo Bibhudatta , Mishra Sambit Kumar , Shankar Achyut 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn contrast to a conventional virtual machine (VM), a container is a lightweight virtualization technology. Containers are becoming a prominent technology for cloud services because of their portable, scalable, and flexible deployments, especially in the Internet of Things (IoT), smart devices, and fog and edge computing. It is a type of operating system‐level virtualization in which the kernel allows multiple isolated containers to run independently. Container placement (CP) is a nontrivial problem in Container‐as‐a‐Service (CaaS). CP is mapping to a container over virtual machines (VMs) to execute an application. Designing an efficient CP strategy is complex due to several intertwined challenges. These challenges arise from a diverse spectrum of computing resources, like on‐demand and unpredictable fluctuations of IT resources by multiple tenants. In this article, we propose a modified sum‐based container placement algorithm called a multi‐objective optimization‐based container placement algorithm (MSBCPA). In the proposed algorithm, we have considered two metrics: makespan and monetary costs for optimizing available IT resources. We have conducted comprehensive simulation experiments to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm over the CloudSim 4.0 simulator. The proposed optimization algorithm (MSBCPA) aims to minimize the makespan and the execution monetary costs simultaneously. In the simulation, we found that the execution cost and energy consumption cost reduce by 20% to 30% and achieve the best possible cost‐makespan trade‐offs compared to competing algorithms.
Small cyst size and lack of growth as negative predictors of malignant transformation in low‐risk intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Meziani Jihane , Sprij Marloes L. J. A. , Fuhler Gwenny M. , Bruno Marco J. , Marchegiani Giovanni , Cahen Djuna L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and AimFor branch‐duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD‐IPMNs) without worrisome features (WFs) or high‐risk stigmata (HRS), current guidelines recommend surveillance. However, these intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMNs), especially the small and stable‐sized ones, carry a low risk of malignant transformation. Our aim was to assess whether small cyst size and absence of rapid growth provide reassurance against the development of WFs/HRS and malignancy (high‐grade dysplasia (HGD) or pancreatic cancer (PC)).MethodsPubMed/Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science Core Collection were systematically searched from inception to May 2023 to identify studies investigating surveillance outcomes of low‐risk BD‐IPMNs. Studies assessing baseline cyst size and/or growth in relation to WFs/HRS and/or HGD/PC were included. The Newcastle‐Ottawa scale tool was used to assess study quality.ResultsOf the 1937 identified manuscripts, 21 studies were eligible for inclusion. The quality of these studies was considered reasonable. A negative association between cyst size and WFs/HRS development was found in 11 out of 13 relevant studies, but only one out of nine studies reported a negative association between size and malignancy. Regarding cyst growth, four out of six studies described a negative association with the development of WFs/HRS, and all six reported a negative association with malignancy. The pooled relative risk (RR) of developing WFs/HRS or malignancy for cysts ≤15 mm was 0.37 (95% CI 0.25–0.57) and the RR of developing malignancy for cyst growth <2–2.5 mm/year was 0.04 (95% CI 0.02–0.09)).ConclusionThis systematic review and meta‐analysis shows that small and stable‐sized low‐risk BD‐IPMNs are associated with a markedly low progression rate, with stable cyst size being the most reassuring feature. Because of substantial heterogeneity in definitions and reported outcome measures, prospective studies are needed to confirm that surveillance of small and stable sized cyst can be de‐intensified or even discontinued.
Introduction: The Politics of Gender and Agriculture
Authors: Njuki Jemimah , Tufan Hale Ann , Polar Vivian , Campos Hugo , Morgan-Bell Monifa , Wilde Vicki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAs researchers and practitioners at various stages of our careers and from diverse disciplines, with many decades of collective experience, we have witnessed an evolution in the theory and practice of gender and agriculture. What compelled us to put this book together was a growing sense of frustration from the global community of gender and agriculture researchers with the pervasive co-option of the “gender agenda”, along with a de-politization of its critical theories and interventions with roots in radical change. We recognize this book is a synopsis of only some possible perspectives, but in reaching out to authors to contribute, it was our aim to create an opportunity to publish the things they felt are urgent today, but perhaps felt were too disruptive, challenging or without enough space in the mainstream body of literature. In what follows, we question some of the assumptions that underpin agricultural research and development, make clear our support for the nascent rise of more feminist and rights-based development models, and set the scene for this book. We call for a reset.
Feminist Research in Agriculture: Moving Beyond Gender-Transformative Approaches
Authors: Cole Steven , Rajaratnam Surendran , Liani Millicent , Joshi Deepa , Basnet Sahara , Bisht Meera , Shijagurumayum Meghajit Sharma , Jain Mayank , Kumar Prabhat , Fischer Kaitlin , Puozaa Doris , Reyes Alfredo , Velasco Hazel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFeminist research approaches in agriculture are considerably underutilized. In this chapter, we suggest a few key reasons to help explain their lack of use in agriculture. We also provide background on what constitutes feminist research in agriculture through a review of the literature. Using a case study approach, we highlight the important and unique characteristics that define feminist research approaches in agriculture. The case studies provide examples of how researchers working in agriculture can gradually adopt key feminist research principles. We argue that to transform agrifood systems to be more inclusive, equitable, and sustainable, feminist approaches must be used in all research in agriculture. The chapter concludes by discussing what is needed to increase the use of feminist research approaches in agriculture, recognizing that resistance to change is inevitable and requires commitment at the top to spearhead efforts to institutionalize feminist approaches within agricultural research organizations.
Critical Reflections Towards Re-politicizing Gender in Agriculture
Authors: Njuki Jemimah , Tufan Hale Ann , Polar Vivian , Campos Hugo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAdvancing gender equality in agriculture is an inherently political process. In providing a conclusion to an excellent set of chapters that provide critical reflections on how to navigate this political process, we call for a paradigm shift- from fixing women to fixing systems that are inequitable, unjust and undemocratic. We propose four critical steps for doing this. First is to acknowldege the gendered hierarchies and power dynamics built into the agriculture sector. Second, recognize the interconnectedness of women’s lives. Third, bring women’s rights to the fore. And fourth, re-engineer patriarchal organizations and systems to address gender-based discrimination.
Visualizing the Gendering of Agricultural Mechanization in the Global South: A Review of the Underlying Drivers
Authors: Kansanga Moses , Dinko Dinko Hannan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile mechanization has emerged as a key pathway for improving agriculture in the Global South, the materialization of its perceived benefits has been hindered by gender inequalities in technology use. Deeply connected to this gendering of technology are debates about the drivers of women’s low access to and control of mechanized agricultural technologies. Drawing on the gender mechanization literature and based on insights from mechanization research in sub-Saharan Africa, we explore the multi-scalar factors that explain the gendering of mechanized technologies in the Global South and provide policy recommendations. Overall, our analysis contributes to the gender-mechanization literature by demonstrating that the masculinization of agricultural technologies is not just a product of the widely discussed role of structural factors in local agrarian spaces, but an element of the very design and engineering of mechanized technologies that attribute masculine traits to them, and the consistent deployment of gender (in)sensitive agricultural programs by governments and development partners. Given that masculinization of technology is endemic in agriculture and transcends mechanization, we identify governments and development partners as viable intermediaries who are well positioned to channel feedback on the needs of women to the agricultural machinery industry upstream, while ensuring a gender-sensitive deployment of mechanization services downstream.
Navigating the Patriarchal Politics of Institutions: Positioning Women and Gender Equality at the Center of Agricultural Development Institutions
Authors: Njuki Jemimah , Kaaria Susan , Kangogo Ednah , Macharia Kenneth , Malapit Hazel , Mboo-Tchouawou Michèle , Tanaka Sonja 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWhile the lens of patriarchy has been used to understand the gendered power dynamics at different levels of society, research and development organizations have not been subjected to the same analysis. This chapter explores the gendered nature of organizations, using four key elements of patriarchal organizations (i) a gendered division of labor and tasks, (ii) gendered hierarchies, (ii) rigid rules governing performance, and (iv) privileging male dominated content and processes. We discuss the implications of these characteristics on women’s engagement in research, as well as on the positioning of gender research in organizations. Using two case studies, we discuss the key ways in which organizations can be more transformative. Although different organizations are implementing strategies to address gender inequalities in organizations, including through workplace policies and mentoring and leadership programs, we conclude that these initiatives fall short of addressing the structures within organizations and that perpetuate gender-based discrimination.
From Power to Women’s Empowerment: The Missing Links
Authors: Polar Vivian , Poole Nigel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the instrumentalization of women’s empowerment in agricultural research for development, with particular attention on critically examining how the concept of empowerment has become understood as an externalized process that can be bestowed on women through production-oriented interventions. The chapter explores multiple manifestations of power and depicts their occurrence through experiences of women and men farmers in the Andean region. It analyzes how the use of empowerment has deviated from building agency and disrupting power dynamics, highlighting the need for a feminist and transformative conceptualization and operationalization of empowerment in the agricultural sector.