bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Strategies to Improve the Quality of International Exhibitions with Smart Technology Approach
Authors: Bagheri Maryam , Nasrabadi Abbasali Tayefi , Poshti Atefeh Dehghan Touran 
Published: June 2017

<p>The study seeks to do a pathological process for Tehran exhibition spaces and provide a solution for responsive space design to meet the needs of international exhibition by looking at the phenomenon of smart building. In this study, after examining the problems associated with existing and potential obstacles, it has been tried to design an appropriate space by using smart technology through explaining the available criteria and standards for exhibition space and also reviewing and analyzing successful examples of internal and external contexts and putting together the important indicators in an suitable and at the same time an economic attractive and ideal environment for users and comparison with the current situations and defects, which seems that besides preserving and conserving energy at high-traffic public places, provides a good physical condition for visitors.</p><p>Localization and solving defects and possible barriers to hold exhibitions in order to attract more domestic and foreign audiences and promoting areas of mass communication are other objectives of this research. In order to perform the various stages of the thesis, we firstly describe, analyze and understand the current situation and then determine an outlook of ideal conditions and finally employ the result to design the space according to the exhibition space standards based on smart technology. </p>
Outcomes After Early Pregnancy Loss Management With Mifepristone Plus Misoprostol vs Misoprostol Alone
Authors: Benson Lyndsey S. , Gunaje Navya , Holt Sarah K. , Gore John L. , Dalton Vanessa K. 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceMedication management of early pregnancy loss (EPL), or miscarriage, typically involves the administration of misoprostol with or without pretreatment with mifepristone. Combination treatment with mifepristone plus misoprostol is more effective than misoprostol alone but is underutilized in the US.ObjectiveTo describe differences in clinical outcomes after EPL management with mifepristone plus misoprostol vs misoprostol alone using commercial claims data.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used national insurance claims data from the IBM MarketScan Research Database. Participants included pregnant people (aged 15-49 years) with private insurance who presented with an initial EPL diagnosis between October 1, 2015, and December 31, 2022.ExposuresThe primary exposure was the medication used to manage EPL (ie, mifepristone plus misoprostol or misoprostol alone). Other exposures of interest included demographic characteristics and location of service.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was subsequent procedural management (eg, uterine aspiration) after EPL diagnosis and medication management. Other outcomes of interest included return visits, hospitalizations, and complications occurring in the subsequent 6 weeks. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used, and a multivariable logistic regression model was created to examine factors associated with subsequent procedural management.ResultsThis study included 31 977 patients (mean [SD] age, 32.7 [5.6] years) with claims for EPL who received medication management. Of these patients, 3.0% received mifepristone plus misoprostol and 97.0% received misoprostol alone. Patients who received misoprostol with pretreatment with mifepristone were less likely to have subsequent uterine aspiration (10.5% vs 14.0%; P = .002), and they were also less likely to have subsequent emergency department (ED) visits for EPL (3.5% vs 7.9%; P &amp;lt; .001). In multivariable analysis, use of mifepristone plus misoprostol was associated with decreased odds of subsequent procedural management (adjusted odds ratio, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.57-0.87]).Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this study suggest that mifepristone is underutilized for the medication management of EPL, but its use is associated with a lower need for subsequent uterine aspiration and a decrease in the number of subsequent visits to an ED. Increasing access to mifepristone for EPL management may decrease health care utilization and expenditures.
Aerobic Physical Activity and Depression Among Patients With Cancer
Authors: Kulchycki Matthew , Halder Henry Ratul , Askin Nicole , Rabbani Rasheda , Schulte Fiona , Jeyaraman Maya M. , Sung Lillian , Louis Deepak , Lix Lisa , Garland Allan , Mahar Alyson L. , Abou-Setta Ahmed , Oberoi Sapna 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceDepression is prevalent among patients with cancer, affecting their quality of life and survival. Aerobic physical activity (APA) is an effective strategy for managing depression in the general population, but its effectiveness for reducing depressive symptoms among patients with cancer requires further study.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether APA decreases depression severity in patients with cancer by synthesizing data from published randomized clinical trials (RCTs).Data SourcesSix databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus) were systematically searched for relevant citations published between January 1, 1980, and July 5, 2023.Study SelectionThis systematic review and meta-analysis included RCTs comparing APA interventions with usual care, waitlist control, or attention control for managing depression in patients with cancer, irrespective of age and cancer type.Data Extraction and SynthesisTwo reviewers independently conducted screening and data extraction. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, version 2. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guideline was followed. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Data collection and analyses were performed between June 2022 and March 2024.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was severity of self-reported depression reported within 1 month of the end of intervention (short term). Secondary outcomes were severity of self-reported depression between 1 and 6 months post intervention (medium term) and between 6 and 12 months post intervention (long term).ResultsThis meta-analysis included 25 RCTs with a total of 1931 adults with cancer (age range, 18-80 years). Ten RCTs (40%) had low risk of bias. Aerobic physical activity was associated with decreased self-reported depression among adults with cancer across the 25 included trials (n = 1931 participants; SMD, −0.38 [95% CI, −0.59 to −0.18]; P &amp;lt; .001; I2 = 76%). This decrease in depression scores was also significant for the secondary outcomes of long-term depression across 3 trials (n = 299 participants; SMD, −0.32 [95% CI, −0.60 to −0.04]; P = .03; I2 = 31%) but not for medium-term depression across 2 trials (n = 143 participants; SMD, −0.27 [95% CI, −0.60 to 0.06]; P = .10; I2 = 0%).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this systematic review and meta-analysis, APA was associated with modest short-term and long-term reductions of depression among adults with cancer. Future studies should discern the effectiveness of APA in combination with other strategies for managing depression across various populations of patients with cancer.
Distributions of non‐native and native plants are not determined by the same environmental factors
Authors: Steen Bart , Adde Antoine , Schlaepfer Martin A. , Guisan Antoine , Maiorano Luigi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Global environmental change will cause shifts in species communities, with non‐native species likely replacing native ones at an unprecedented rate. This will have consequences for biodiversity and ecosystem services, in addition to the ecological and economic damage caused by those non‐native species that are invasive. Understanding general patterns driving distributions of native and non‐native species is therefore vital, but no study has compared yet whether environmental variables that correlate with a species' presence differ between the two groups other than at local scale and often with very limited sample size.

In this study, we focus on 141 native and non‐native congeneric plant species pairs at the scale of Switzerland. In the framework of correlative species distribution models, we used newly developed methods for efficient automated selection of a parsimonious number of predictor environmental variables to determine which ones, out of a large candidate set in eight classes, have the strongest explanatory power for both species groups.

Our results indicated that variables influence the two groups in significantly different ways. Climate was by far the strongest determinant of both native and non‐native species distributions, although it had significantly more explanatory power in native species models.

Models for non‐native species were significantly more influenced by anthropogenic factors, land use variables and forest cover. The presence of non‐native species was also associated with habitats with a significantly lower mean naturality value than native species.

These findings provide novel empirical evidence for the different environmental factors driving native and non‐native plants' distributions and guidance for non‐native species management.

Practical implications: species distribution models are an increasingly frequently advised tool for conservation management and our results provide guidelines on which covariates should be specifically considered to assess the habitat suitability of non‐native versus native species. The distributions of the former group of species are particularly important to research, as, in time, they may turn invasive. In addition, areas close to infrastructure should be scanned regularly for incipient colonizations by non‐native species, especially in as yet uninvaded areas, such as high mountains.
Ferroptosis: A New Strategy for the Treatment of Fibrotic Diseases
Authors: Pei Zhuo , Fan Jing , Tang Maolin , Li Yuhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFerroptosis is a new type of cell death characterized by iron dependence and the excessive accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species (lipid ROS) that has gradually become better characterized. There is sufficient evidence indicating that ferroptosis is associated with a variety of human life activities and diseases, such as tumor suppression, ischemic organ injury, and degenerative disorders. Notably, ferroptosis is also involved in the initiation and development of fibrosis in various organs, including liver fibrosis, pulmonary fibrosis, renal fibrosis, and cardiac fibrosis, which is usually irreversible and refractory. Although a large number of patients with fibrosis urgently need to be treated, the current treatment options are still limited and unsatisfactory. Organ fibrosis involves a series of complex and orderly processes, such as parenchymal cell damage, recruitment of inflammatory cells and activation of fibroblasts, which ultimately leads to the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) and the formation of fibrosis. An increasing number of studies have confirmed the close association between these pathological processes and ferroptosis. This review summarizes the role and function of ferroptosis in fibrosis and proposes several potential therapeutic strategies and pathways based on ferroptosis.
Integrated Biofilm Dispersion and Virulence Responsiveness for Targeted Treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Lungs
Authors: Ivanova Kristina , Ramon Eva , Wnorowska Urszula , Todorova Katerina , Ivanova Aleksandra , Bastos‐Arrieta Julio , Puertas‐Segura Antonio , Deptula Piotr , Damyanova Tsvetozara , Paunova‐Krasteva Tsvetelina , Bucki Robert , Ivanov Ivan , Tzanov Tzanko 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe self‐organization of microbes into biofilms provides multiple benefits including tolerance to mechanical stress and resistance to immune defences and antibiotics. Coupled to a compromised mucociliary function, these traits have dire consequences in cystic fibrosis patients – persistent infections are the main reason for morbidity and mortality. Thereby, disease progression is associated with universal colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which selects for a slimy phenotype to adapt to the lung microenvironment. Recognizing this, drug‐delivery vehicles that break down the mucoid extracellular matrix made of alginate are designed to enable better penetration and biofilm dispersion. In parallel, a protective layer responds to the proteolytic activity of the pathogen and thus controls drug availability. To realize this architecture, silica nanoparticles are loaded with imipenem, and then coated with elastin and alginate lyase in a layer‐by‐layer fashion using ultrasound. The nanoscale formulations eradicate up to 80% of the total biomass and reduce the bacterial viability in biofilms by 3 logs, considerably outperforming the bulk antibiotic in vitro, whereby the effects are correlated to changes in the viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the stimuli‐responsive nanocarriers are safe and effective in animal models of P. aeruginosa infection, presenting a considerable therapeutic promise in the challenging context of lung diseases.
Enhanced Real‐Time Monitoring of Catalytic Therapy Efficacy with Dual‐Channel MRI and Fluorescent Platform
Authors: Liu Huiyi , Guo Yibo , Lv Jingxia , Xu Juntao , Zhang Qingpeng , Guan Guoqiang , Zhang Cheng , Lu Chang , Gong Qiufang , Liang Chao , Xu Dong , Song Guosheng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCatalytic therapies, such as chemodynamic therapy and ferroptosis, harness the tumor microenvironment to enhance the specificity and penetration of treatments, thus improving targeted tumor therapy. Despite these advancements, treatment effectiveness varies due to individual differences, making precise monitoring of drug activity and dosage essential to optimize therapy. Traditional imaging strategies, which monitor metal ion release or reactive oxygen species production, frequently fail to well correlate with therapeutic outcome. Herein, this study have developed an integrated self‐monitoring catalytic therapy platform that combines palladium‐ and manganese‐based nanoparticles (PdMn NPs) with caspase‐3 activated probe (Casp probe). Dual‐channel MRI and fluorescent probe, responsive to both low pH and caspase‐3 activity, significantly enhances the accuracy of real‐time therapeutic evaluations, allowing for early reporting treatment response (in 6 h), earlier than tumor volume reduction (8 days). This approach improves the assessment of therapeutic outcomes and aligns with the shift toward individualized cancer treatment protocols.
Hydration‐effect Boosted Active Hydrogen Facilitates Neutral Ammonia Electrosynthesis from Nitrate Reduction
Authors: Zhang Meng , Cheng Xuetao , Duan Yun , Chen Junxiang , Wang Lei , Wang Yan‐Qin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NO3RR) in a neutral medium is a green and effective strategy for treating nitrate pollution meanwhile producing ammonia. However, the insufficient active hydrogen (H*) on the catalyst surface resulting from the sluggish Volmer step (H2O → H+ + OH−), and the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) caused by H* coupling severely restrict the enhancement of NO3RR activity. Herein, a hydration‐effect boosted H*‐rich strategy facilitating neutral ammonia electrosynthesis from nitrate reduction is proposed. The introduction of the hydration‐effect‐promoting element aluminum into the copper‐based catalyst forming CuAlO2, which adjusts the electron density distribution in the catalyst system, and the resulting hydration‐effect significantly promotes the H* generation in a neutral medium. Moreover, the rapid charge transfer at the CuO/CuAlO2 interface facilitates the reaction kinetics and the H* diffusion. More importantly, the introduction of Al weakens the overly strong adsorption of intermediates by CuO, thereby accelerating the hydrogenation process and suppressing HER. Thus, under neutral conditions, CuO/CuAlO2 reached a Faradaic efficiency and an ammonia yield as high as 97.81 ± 1.94% and 10.21 ± 0.64 mg h−1 cm−2 at −1.0 V versus RHE toward NO3RR.
Self‐Encapsulated Ni Nanoparticles on Delignified Wood Carbon for Efficient Urea‐Assisted Hydrogen Production
Authors: Shi Zhikai , Zhang Yao , Guo Wei , Niu Zhuohui , Chen Yan , Huang Jianlin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDeveloping efficient, low‐cost electrocatalysts for industrial‐level hydrogen production remains a significant challenge. Here lattice‐distorted Ni nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated within a nitrogen‐doped carbon shell on delignified wood carbon (Ni‐NC@DWC) are constructed through a chitosan‐induced assembly and the pyrolysis process. Experimental and theoretical results indicate that the lattice distortion due to strong metal‐support interactions, boosts electron transfer and reaction intermediate adsorption/desorption, enhancing both the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Interestingly, the active center Ni3+‐O is dynamically cyclically generated during the UOR. When utilized as a self‐standing electrode in an alkaline electrolyte, the Ni‐NC@DWC exhibits low potentials of 24 mV and 1.244 V at 100 mA cm−2 for HER and UOR, respectively. Moreover, the Ni‐NC@DWC achieves an ultrasmall cell voltage of 1.13 V at 100 mA cm−2 for urea‐assisted water splitting and can operate stably over 1000 h. Furthermore, when it is self‐assembled as an anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzer, it requires only 1.62 V at 2000 mA cm−2 for industrial urea‐assisted water splitting and operates stably for 150 h without degradation, confirming that it is highly attractive for economical, sustainable, and scalable hydrogen production.
Efficient Silicon Solar Cells with Aluminum‐Doped Zinc Oxide‐Based Passivating Contact
Authors: Gao Kun , Xu Dacheng , Wang Jing , Bi Qunyu , Wu Zhao , Lin Hong , Wang Shibo , Shi Wei , Yu Cao , Cao Fengxian , Diao Yifan , Xie Junjie , Wang Xinyu , Li Kun , Lou Xinliang , Li Wenhao , Xing Chunfang , Wang Yujiao , Yan Tong , Zhang Daliang , de Wolf Stefaan , Zhang Xiaohong , Yang Xinbo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCrystalline silicon (c‐Si) solar cells require passivating contacts to unlock their full efficiency potential. For this doped silicon layers are the materials of choice, as they yield device voltages close to the thermodynamic limit. Yet, replacing such layers with wide‐bandgap metal oxides may be advantageous from a cost perspective and minimize parasitic optical absorption. Here the aluminum‐doped zinc oxide (AZO)‐based passivating contacts with high electron selectivity are presented. The SiO2/AZO/Al2O3 stack is demonstrated to provide excellent surface passivation on c‐Si (implied Voc up to 742 mV) after thermal annealing, and an average contact resistivity of 51 mΩ cm2 is simultaneously obtained after etching off Al2O3 capping layer. By the implementation of AZO‐based electron‐selective contact, a champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.3% is achieved on c‐Si solar cells, representing the PCE record for metal oxide‐based passivating contacts. Finally, the efficiency potential, cost, and industrial compatibility of the AZO‐based electron‐selective contacts are discussed, paving the way for industrial applications.
Microscopic Insights into Metallization of Diamond with Transition Metals
Authors: Fan Saifei , Zhao Kechen , Zhang Sen , Zhang Xiaohui , Gui Yushu , Liang Bo , Liu Kang , Zhang Gufei , Zhu Jiaqi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetallization of diamond with transition metals (TMs) has attracted much attention as they play an important role in the development of precision machining, high‐end thermal management, especially for electronic devices. However, it is found that the solid‐state reaction does not stop at the interface, potentially hampering interface engineering. To unleash the full potential of diamond devices, deeper reactions are investigated in monocrystalline intrinsic diamond metallized with Ti/Pt/Au ohmic contacts combing experiments and theoretical calculations. Apart from exhibiting TiC, graphite, TMs, and diamond nanocrystallites at the interface, a unique ion‐implanted‐like multilayered structure is observed at micrometer depth. TM atoms penetrate through diamond produce a buried amorphous carbon layer under the damaged diamond lattice. In addition, these theoretical calculations reveal that the structural amorphization is catalyzed by the incorporation of TM atoms through vacancy‐mediated diffusion, which induces the closure of the bandgap of the diamond. This facilitates carriers crossing the bandgap via impurity band conduction and promotes the formation of the ohmic contact. This study provides critical insight into the microscopic mechanisms of the metallization between diamonds and TMs and could facilitate the development of diamond‐based electronic devices with a tailored electronic property.
Anti‐Swelling 3D Nanohydrogel for Efficient Osmotic Energy Conversion
Authors: Lin Cuncai , Jia Wenkai , Chang Leqi , Ren Guijing , Hu Shuhong , Sui Xin , Gao Longcheng , Sui Kunyan , Jiang Lei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOsmotic energy conversion based on reverse electrodialysis (RED) technology has attracted intense attention. As the key component, the ion‐selective membranes should meet the basic requirements of high power density, high mechanical strength, and easy preparation. Polyelectrolyte hydrogel materials are good candidates, due to their high charge density. However, the severe swelling effect decreases the ion selectivity and mechanical strength. To solve this problem, an anti‐swelling 3D nanohydrogel is demonstrated, which is in situ polymerized in the nanoporous polyimide (PI) membrane, exhibiting ultrahigh power density in osmotic energy conversion. Because of the nano‐confinement of the PI matrix, the swelling ratio of the nanohydrogel decreases to 37.5% from 593.2% of the bulk hydrogel. Meanwhile, the hybrid membrane exhibits excellent mechanical strength (≈89.5 MPa). Under a 500‐fold concentration gradient, the nanohydrogel generates a power density of up to 48.5 W m−2, one order of magnitude higher than that of the bulk hydrogel. The anti‐swelling 3D nanohydrogel introduces a new concept in designing separation membranes for osmotic energy conversion.
Recent Advances in Bacterium‐Based Therapeutic Modalities for Melanoma Treatment
Authors: Khan Mubassir , Dong Yilong , Ullah Razi , Li Menghuan , Huang Qiping , Hu Yan , Yang Li , Luo Zhong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMelanoma is one of the most severe skin cancer indications with rapid progression and a high risk of metastasis. However, despite the accumulated advances in melanoma treatment including adjuvant radiation, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, the overall melanoma treatment efficacy in the clinics is still not satisfactory. Interestingly, bacterial therapeutics have demonstrated unique properties for tumor‐related therapeutic applications, such as tumor‐targeted motility, tailorable cytotoxicity, and immunomodulatory capacity of the tumor microenvironment, which have emerged as a promising platform for melanoma therapy. Indeed, the recent advances in genetic engineering and nanotechnologies have boosted the application potential of bacterium‐based therapeutics for treating melanoma by further enhancing their tumor‐homing, cell‐killing, drug delivery, and immunostimulatory capacities. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the state‐of‐the‐art bacterium‐based anti‐melanoma modalities, which are categorized according to their unique functional merits, including tumor‐specific cytotoxins, tumor‐targeted drug delivery platforms, and immune‐stimulatory agents. Furthermore, a perspective is provided discussing the potential challenges and breakthroughs in this area. The insights in this review may facilitate the development of more advanced bacterium‐based therapeutic modalities for improved melanoma treatment efficacy.