bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Un sistema agricolo familiare ovvero ciò che è chiamato il monachesimo del Giura
Authors: Alciati Roberto 
Published: March 2016

The principal aim of this paper is to describe the ascetic community founded by the two brothers Romanus and Lupicinus on Jura mountains in the fifth century. Although the male communities are usually described as open places, crowded with guests, pilgrim and sick people and historians wanted mainly to put this form of ascetic way of life in relationship with other similar Gallic communities, some traces in theshow as these elements are quite unsatisfactory. Family and patrimony seem to be the most predominant feature of these series of monasteries. These traces are here collected in order to try a new description and interpretation of the Jura monasticism, which appears mainly as a re-organization of a rich and spread family estate system. In this case, hagiographical and archaeological data fruitfully agree.
Tra letteratura e diritto: strategie familiari e legami parentali in età tardoantica
Authors: Puliatti Salvatore 
Published: March 2016

The study focuses on the debate on the Christian inbreeding, admitted in the Roman tradition since 3degree of kinship. These unions are prohibited from Theodosius legislation for the strong influence of Bishop Ambrose and his arguments. The same arguments are then repeated and reconsiderated by authors such Augustine and Cassiodorus.
Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy in Patients with Morton's Neuroma
Authors: Seok Hyun , Kim Sang-Hyun , Lee Seung Yeol , Park Sung Won 
Published: March 2016

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) for the treatment of Morton's neuroma by measuring changes in patient pain, function, and neuroma size.
Methods: Patients with Morton's neuroma were randomly assigned to either the ESWT group or the sham stimulation group. Outcome measures, including visual analog scale (VAS) and American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society lesser toes (AOFAS) scores, were assessed at baseline and 1 and 4 weeks after treatment. The Johnson satisfaction test was also performed 1 and 4 weeks after treatment. The neuroma diameter was measured using ultrasonography at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment.
Results: Patients receiving ESWT exhibited significantly decreased VAS scores 1 and 4 weeks after treatment relative to baseline, and AOFAS scores were significantly improved 4 weeks after treatment relative to baseline. In the sham stimulation group, VAS and AOFAS scores showed no significant changes at any time after treatment. Neither group showed significant changes in Johnson satisfaction test results or neuroma diameter.
Conclusions: These results suggest that ESWT may reduce pain in patients with Morton's neuroma.
Impact of paid work on the academic performance of nursing students
Authors: García-Vargas Mery Constanza , Rizo-Baeza Mercedes , Cortés-Castell Ernesto 
Published: March 2016

Background.Little research exists on the impact of paid work on academic performance of students of health sciences. No research exists on this subject for students in Colombia.Objectives.This paper seeks to analyze the impact of paid work on academic performance among nursing students. Design, settings and participants: cross-sectional research, involving 430 of nursing students from the National University of Colombia (N= 566).Methods.Variables analyzed: sex, age, work activity, attendance, current semester, degree subjects studied and unavailable, lost credits, grades during the second semester of 2013, and delayed semesters. Subgroups analyzed: (i) according to labor activity: do not work, work up to 20 h and work more than 20 h per week; (ii) Grade point average: failing is considered as less than 3.0 and passing 3.0 or above out of 5.0. Percentage of delayed semesters were calculated. Qualitative and quantitative variables were analyzed for groups by work activity. The percentage and probability of students getting a grade point average less than 3.0 and delaying semesters were calculated by multivariate logistic regression.Results. A total of 219 of the students work (50.9%), the main reason is socioeconomic, of which 99 (45.2%) work more than 20 h per week and have an increased risk of failing, which is higher in the first semester. They also get lower grades, lose more credits and take longer to finish the degree. The logistic bivariate regressions of success (grade point average, credits gained, courses gained and not having delayed semesters) reduce with work, above all in those who work more than 20 h per week and increase as the number of semesters completed increases, independent of sex.Conclusion.A high percentage of nursing students work more than 20 h per week. The compatibility of paid work with studies in university nursing students has a negative impact on academic performance, more so when they work more than 20 h per week. This negative impact diminishes as the student completes semesters, irrespective of the sex of the students.
Role of the X Chromosome in Alzheimer Disease Genetics
Authors: Belloy Michael E. , Le Guen Yann , Stewart Ilaria , Williams Kennedy , Herz Joachim , Sherva Richard , Zhang Rui , Merritt Victoria , Panizzon Matthew S. , Hauger Richard L. , Gaziano J. Michael , Logue Mark , Napolioni Valerio , Greicius Michael D. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceThe X chromosome has remained enigmatic in Alzheimer disease (AD), yet it makes up 5% of the genome and carries a high proportion of genes expressed in the brain, making it particularly appealing as a potential source of unexplored genetic variation in AD.ObjectivesTo perform the first large-scale X chromosome–wide association study (XWAS) of AD.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a meta-analysis of genetic association studies in case-control, family-based, population-based, and longitudinal AD-related cohorts from the US Alzheimer’s Disease Genetics Consortium, the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project, the UK Biobank, the Finnish health registry, and the US Million Veterans Program. Risk of AD was evaluated through case-control logistic regression analyses. Data were analyzed between January 2023 and March 2024. Genetic data available from high-density single-nucleotide variant microarrays and whole-genome sequencing and summary statistics for multitissue expression and protein quantitative trait loci available from published studies were included, enabling follow-up genetic colocalization analyses. A total of 1 629 863 eligible participants were selected from referred and volunteer samples, 477 596 of whom were excluded for analysis exclusion criteria. The number of participants who declined to participate in original studies was not available.Main Outcome and MeasuresRisk of AD, reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs. Associations were considered at X chromosome–wide (P &amp;lt; 1 × 10−5) and genome-wide (P &amp;lt; 5 × 10−8) significance. Primary analyses are nonstratified, while secondary analyses evaluate sex-stratified effects.ResultsAnalyses included 1 152 284 participants of non-Hispanic White, European ancestry (664 403 [57.7%] female and 487 881 [42.3%] male), including 138 558 individuals with AD. Six independent genetic loci passed X chromosome–wide significance, with 4 showing support for links between the genetic signal for AD and expression of nearby genes in brain and nonbrain tissues. One of these 4 loci passed conservative genome-wide significance, with its lead variant centered on an intron of SLC9A7 (OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02-1.04) and colocalization analyses prioritizing both the SLC9A7 and nearby CHST7 genes. Of these 6 loci, 4 displayed evidence for escape from X chromosome inactivation with regard to AD risk.Conclusion and RelevanceThis large-scale XWAS of AD identified the novel SLC9A7 locus. SLC9A7 regulates pH homeostasis in Golgi secretory compartments and is anticipated to have downstream effects on amyloid β accumulation. Overall, this study advances our knowledge of AD genetics and may provide novel biological drug targets. The results further provide initial insights into elucidating the role of the X chromosome in sex-based differences in AD.
Anxiety and Depression in Youth With Chronic Pain
Authors: Dudeney Joanne , Aaron Rachel V. , Hathway Taylor , Bhattiprolu Kavya , Bisby Madelyne A. , McGill Lakeya S. , Gandy Milena , Harte Nicole , Dear Blake F. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceFor youth with chronic pain, anxiety and depression are reported as consequences of experiencing pain and maintaining factors of ongoing pain and disability. However, prevalence estimates of anxiety and depression remain unclear.ObjectiveTo report the prevalence of clinical anxiety and depression for youth with chronic pain and compare symptoms of anxiety and depression between youth with and without chronic pain.Data SourcesMEDLINE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and Embase from inception to April 30, 2023.Study SelectionIncluded studies that reported prevalence data or symptom scores for anxiety and/or depression in individuals younger than 25 years (mean, ≤18 years) with chronic pain and were published in English.Data Extraction and SynthesisFrom 9648 nonduplicate records, 801 full-text articles were screened. Screening and data extraction occurred in duplicate. Prevalence was determined using event rate calculations. Between-group symptom differences were calculated using Hedges g. Analyses were conducted using the random-effects model. Reporting bias and Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation assessments were conducted.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrevalence of anxiety and depression (based on diagnosis and clinical cutoff scores) and differences in anxiety and depression symptoms. Moderators of prevalence and symptom differences were analyzed when data allowed.ResultsA total of 79 studies were included with a total sample of 22 956 youth (n = 12 614 with chronic pain). Most youth were female (mean, 74%), with an age range of 4 to 24 (mean [SD], 13.7 [2.10]) years. The prevalence estimate of anxiety diagnoses was 34.6% (95% CI, 24.0%-47.0%) and the portion that exceeded clinical cutoff scores was 23.9% (95% CI, 18.3%-30.6%). The prevalence of depression diagnoses was 12.2% (95% CI, 7.8%-18.7%) and the portion that exceeded clinical cutoff scores was 23.5% (95% CI, 18.7%-29.2%). Youth with chronic pain had greater symptoms of anxiety (g = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.46-0.77) and depression (g = 0.74; 95% CI, 0.63-0.85) compared with controls. Sex, age, pain location, and recruitment sample may moderate anxiety and depression. Considerable heterogeneity was reported for all outcomes. Studies had a low reporting bias, and outcomes were moderate to high quality.Conclusions and RelevanceThe findings of this meta-analysis suggest that 1 in 3 youth with chronic pain meet criteria for anxiety disorder, and 1 in 8 meet criteria for a depressive disorder. This represents a major clinical comorbidity. Moving forward, screening, prevention, and treatment of mental health should be important health care priorities for youth with chronic pain.
Performance of binary MLC using real‐time optical sensor feedback system
Authors: Corradini Nathan A. , Vite Cristina , Urso Patrizia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Radixact system (Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA) is the latest platform release based on the TomoTherapy technology. The most recent system does not apply a leaf latency model correction after plan optimization to ensure the correct MLC leaf‐open time (LOT) agreement between the TPS and machine delivery. The MLC uses optical sensors to measure the delivered LOTs in real‐time and individual leaf‐specific latency corrections are made to ensure agreement. The aim of this study was to assess the performance of the Radixact MLC with leaf‐specific latency correction using the optical sensor's real‐time feedback. Specifically, the study statistically evaluated the MLC LOT errors observed from 290 plan‐specific quality assurance (PSQA) measurements. Repeatability testing was performed to quantify the uncertainty in the MLC feedback system delivery by analyzing > 1300 delivered treatment fractions throughout the course of radiotherapy. The clinical impact was evaluated by estimating the resulting dose difference in the patient targets due to the measured plan latencies. Our study measured an average plan latency equal to 2.0 ± 0.4 ms (0.6% ± 0.2%) for 290 PSQAs. Repeatability tests showed a mean standard deviation in plan latencies measuring 0.05 ms (0.02%). The deviation from the TPS in the mean target dose due to the plan latencies was estimated to be 0.0% ± 0.2% (range: ‐0.7%–1.1%). The current MLC system with real‐time optical sensor feedback is capable of accurately delivering the TPS‐generated sinograms. Repeatability test results showed that the system allows for high reliability in daily sinogram delivery. The MLC latency deviations were shown to have minimal clinical impact on the overall target dosimetry.
The Impact of Pregnancy Readiness on Lupus Activity, Maternal Mental Health, and Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Harding Ceshae C. , Eudy Amanda M. , Sims Cathrine A. , Edens Cuoghi , Birru Talabi Mehret , Ramsey‐Goldman Rosalind , Neil Laura , Clowse Megan E. B. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveAmong individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) who became pregnant, we explored the impact of medical readiness for pregnancy and personal readiness for pregnancy on the following aspects of maternal health: (1) provider‐reported disease activity, (2) patient‐perceived disease activity, (3) mood symptoms, (4) pregnancy‐related health behaviors, and (5) pregnancy outcomes.MethodsAll study participants were enrolled in a prospective registry, met Systemic Lupus Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria for SLE, and had at least one pregnancy. Patient‐reported outcomes were collected at the first rheumatology visit during pregnancy. “Medically ready” for pregnancy was defined as (1) <1 g of proteinuria, (2) no rheumatic teratogens at conception, and (3) continuing pregnancy‐compatible SLE medications after conception. “Personally ready” was defined as planned pregnancy based on a London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy score ≥10. Multivariable logistic regression models estimated the association of pregnancy readiness with each outcome of interest.ResultsAmong the 111 individuals enrolled, lack of medical readiness for pregnancy was associated with significantly higher rates of active disease and worse pregnancy outcomes; however, these patients did not perceive themselves as having higher disease activity. Lack of personal readiness for pregnancy was associated with significantly higher patient‐perceived disease activity. Although medical readiness did not impact depressive symptoms substantially, lack of personal readiness for pregnancy was associated with much higher maternal depressive symptoms.ConclusionTo improve pregnancy outcomes among individuals with SLE, greater focus is needed on improving medical optimization before conception. For maternal mental health and quality of life, greater focus is needed on decreasing the incidence of unplanned pregnancy.
A Breathable and Strain‐Insensitive Multi‐Layered E‐Skin Patch for Digital Healthcare Wearables
Authors: Pradhan Gagan Bahadur , Jeong Seonghoon , Sharma Sudeep , Lim SeungJae , Shrestha Kumar , Lee YeYoung , Park Jae Yeong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, a breathable and strain‐insensitive multi‐layered electronic skin (e‐skin) capable of real‐time detection and distinction of electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, temperature, and skin hydration is developed. Leveraging a scalable benchtop method, sensing elements are transferred onto porous and hydrophobic substrates, followed by multi‐layer stacking to enable multimodal sensing. The sensing elements, a combination of carbon nanotube and nanoporous carbon (CNT@NPC) ink, are applied using strain‐insensitive patterned masks, then spray‐coated with styrene–ethylene–butylene–styrene (SEBS) to create a hierarchical porous network through phase separation. The CNT@NPC networks exhibit an improvement in strain insensitivity with active sensing capabilities due to their adaptable molecular tuning capacity and exceptional electrical conductivity. The porous SEBS substrate offers strong bonding with CNT@NPC attributed to the π–π interactions and high kinetic energy dispersion from spray coating allowing effective transfer. This unique design facilitates breathability, and miniaturization that minimizes the interference between different sensing modalities, ensuring accurate and reliable data acquisition. The breathability (3.49 mg cm−2 h−1) and the non‐smearing nature of the multi‐layered e‐skin enables simultaneous monitoring of temperature (0.198% °C−1), skin hydration (relative humidity = 0.77% %−1), and ECG (26 ± 1 dB) with continuous data transmission to a remote smartphone interface.
A Thermosensitive Ionic Hydrogel for Thermotropic Smart Windows With Integrated Thermoelectric Energy Harvesting Capability
Authors: Fu Mi , Yuan Yuwei , Liu Xiaobo , Sun Zhenxuan , Hu Faqi , Luo Chuan , Yue Kan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHarvesting low‐grade waste heat into electrical energy is recognized as a promising solution for sustainable energy supply. In parallel, thermotropic smart windows have emerged as an efficient way to reduce building energy consumption. It is posit that thermotropic smart windows with inherent thermoelectric property may offer unique advantages for practical applications. Herein, the preparation and characterization of a series of ionic hydrogels that exhibit temperature‐sensitive phase transition behavior is reported, which are suitable for both thermotropic smart windows and thermoelectric generators. Notably, the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of this ionic hydrogels can be feasibly modulated, and the thermoteopic phase transition also induces a sharp increase in their Seebeck coefficient, reaching up to 39.03 mV K−1 with a power factor (PFi) value up to 0.838 mW m−1 K−2. A prototype dual functional thermotropic smart window that simultaneously works as an ionic thermoelectric generator is further demonstrated, achieving both efficient phase transition driven by solar heat at ≈26 °C and an energy density up to 250 mJ m−2. This study offers new opportunity for the development of smart materials that can bridge the gap between thermal comfort and energy sustainability for energy harvesting and smart building applicat.
Supercapacitively Liquid‐Solid Dual‐State Optoelectronics
Authors: Guo Qianying , Ji Daizong , Wang Qiankun , Peng Lan , Zhang Cong , Wu Yungen , Kong Derong , Luo Shi , Liu Wentao , Chen Gang , Wei Dapeng , Liu Yunqi , Wei Dacheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhoto‐transduction of solid‐state optoelectronics occurs in semiconductors or their interfaces. Considering the confined active area and interfacial capacitance of solid‐state materials, solid‐state optoelectronics faces inherent limitations in photo‐transduction, especially for bionic vision, and the performance is lower than that of living systems. For example, a photoreceptor generates pA‐level photocurrent when absorbing a single photon. Here, a liquid‐solid dual‐state phototransistor is demonstrated, in which photo‐transduction and modulation take place at the microporous interface between semiconductors and water, mimicking principles of the photoreceptor. When operating in the water, an orderly stacked photo‐harvesting covalent organic framework layer generates supercapacitively photogating modulation of the channel conductivity via a dual‐state interface, achieving responsivity of 4.6 × 1010 A W−1 and detectivity of 1.62 × 1016 Jones at room temperature, several orders of magnitude higher than other photodetectors. Such bio‐inspired dual‐state optoelectronics enables high‐contrast scotopic neuromorphic imaging with responsivity greater than photoreceptors, holding promise for constructing optoelectronic systems with performance beyond conventional solid‐state optoelectronics.
K‐Rich Spinel Interface of Air‐Stable Layered Oxide Cathodes for Potassium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Xiaowei , Guo Yaqing , Zhang Qian , Zhou Xing , Yuan Yifei , Zhang Yinhan , Han Jin , Nie Anmin , Lu Jun , You Ya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPotassium‐containing transition metal layered oxides (KxTmO2), although possessing high energy density and suitable operating voltage, suffer from severe hygroscopic properties due to their two dimensional (2D) layered structure. Their air sensitivity compromises structural stability during prolonged air exposure, therefore increasing the cost. The common sense for designing air‐stable layered cathode materials is to avoid contact with H2O molecules. In this study, it is surprisingly found that P3‐type KxTmO2 forms an ultra‐thin, potassium‐rich spinel phase wrapping layer after simply water immersion, remarkedly reduces the reaction activity of the material's surface with air. Combined with Density Function Theory (DFT) calculations, this spinel phase is found to be able to effectively withstand air deterioration and preserving the crystal structure. Consequently, the water‐treated material, when exposed to air, can largely maintain its good electrochemical performance, with capacity retention up to 99.15% compared to the fresh samples. Such an in situ surface phase transformation mechanism is also corroborated in other KxTmO2, underscoring its effectiveness in enhancing the air stability of P3‐type layered oxides for K+ storage.
C60 Functionalized Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotube‐based Phototransistor for Efficient Detection of Visible Light Under Appropriate Gate Electrostatics
Authors: Rathore Divyanshu , Thakur Uttam Narendra , Hazra Arnab 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe current study concerns highly reliable visible light sensing by C60 fullerene functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based phototransistor. The absorbance of visible light (532 nm) increases significantly due to the formation of an interlink between the SWCNT network and C60 clusters. Photogenerated excess electrons in SWCNT are trapped by the C60 clusters and increase the effective hole concentrations in the SWCNT channel, which eventually improves the photoconductive gain. C60‐SWCNT channel is further integrated into the back gated field effect transistor (FET) structure in which 90 nm SiO2 dielectric thickness is used. The responsivity toward visible light is further enlarged with appropriate negative gate electrostatic. In order to ensure the morphological and structural behavior of C60‐SWCNT, various microscopic and spectroscopic characterizations are performed. The C60‐SWCNT phototransistor exhibits responsivity of 1.219 A W−1 at Vgs = – 21 V. The detectivity and rise/fall time of C60‐SWCNT came around to be 2.34 × 1010 Jones, 86.42 ms/3.35 ms at the same Vgs. The maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of the C60‐SWCNT phototransistor is very high, ≈274%. In the overall study, a comprehensive discussion is introduced on the effect of variable gate potential on the performance of the C60‐SWCNT phototransistor.