bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating the effect of STEM based laboratory activities on preservice science teacher’s STEM awareness<p>STEM temelli laboratuvar etkinliklerinin fen bilgisi öğretmen adaylarının STEM farkındalıklarına etkisinin incelenmesi
Authors: Gökbayrak Seda , Karışan Dilek 
Published: December 2017

The rapid changes in science and technology have changed the traditional education concept by improving the accessibility of information. Current educational understandings require the application of flexible programs that respond to differences in the interests and abilities of the students and that can go into diversity within themselves. One of these approaches is the Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) approach. This study aims to explore the effect of STEM based laboratory activities on preservice teachers STEM awareness. The study was conducted in science laboratory practices-I course, which is included in the undergraduate science teacher education program. Quasi-experimental research method was used to investigate the study. Participants were consist of 50 third grade preservice science teachers from Yüzüncü Yıl University Science Teacher Education Department who take the Laboratory Instruction of Science Instruction-I course. FeTeMM awareness scale developed by Buyruk and Korkmaz (2014) was used as data collection tool. Based on the results of the dependent sample t-test scores, STEM-based science laboratory applications increased the experimental group students' awareness of STEM.Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBilim ve teknolojideki hızlı değişimler bilgiye ulaşım olanaklarını geliştirerek geleneksel eğitim anlayışını değiştirmiştir. Güncel eğitim anlayışları, öğrencilerin gözlenen ilgi ve yetenekleri doğrultusunda farklılıklara cevap veren ve kendi içinde çeşitliliğe gidebilen esnek programların uygulanmasını gerektirmektedir. Bu anlayışlardan biri olan STEM yaklaşımı ön plana çıkmaktadır. Araştırmada Fen bilgisi öğretmenliği lisans programında yer alan Fen Öğretimi Laboratuvar Uygulamaları-I dersinin STEM temelli etkinlikler ile yürütülmesi sürecinin öğretmen adaylarının STEM farkındalık düzeylerine etkisini ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden öntest-sontest eşitlenmemiş kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği Anabilim Dalı Fen Öğretimi Laboratuvar Uygulamaları-I dersini alan üçüncü sınıf 50 katılımcıdan oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Buyruk ve Korkmaz (2014) tarafından geliştirilen STEM farkındalık ölçeği kullanılmıştır. STEM temelli fen laboratuvarı uygulamaları sonrasında deney grubu öğrencilerinin STEM’ e yönelik farkındalık durumları ön test ve son test puanları arasındaki farkın anlamlılığına ilişkin bağımlı örneklem t testi sonuçlarına göre STEM temelli fen laboratuvarı uygulamalarının öğretmen adaylarının STEM farkındalıklarını artırmada anlamlı bir fark oluşturduğu görülmüştür.
Two-year Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Tocilizumab in Combination with Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs Including Escalation to Weekly Dosing in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Kivitz Alan , Olech Ewa , Borofsky Michael A. , Zazueta Beatriz , Navarro-Sarabia Federico , Radominski Sebastião C. , Merrill Joan T. , Pacheco-Tena César , Pei Jinglan , Nasmyth-Miller Clare , Pope Janet E. 
Published: December 2017

Objective.To evaluate the longterm efficacy and safety of subcutaneous tocilizumab (TCZ-SC) every 2 weeks (q2w) over 2 years in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have an inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD).Methods.Patients (n = 656) were randomized 2:1 to TCZ-SC 162 mg q2w or placebo-SC q2w plus DMARD. After a 24-week double-blind period, patients (n = 457) were rerandomized to open-label TCZ-SC q2w by means of prefilled syringe or autoinjector. Escape therapy with weekly TCZ-SC was available for patients with inadequate efficacy from Week 12. Maintenance of response and safety to 2 years was assessed. Analyses used nonresponder imputation.Results.The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 20 response after TCZ-SC was maintained beyond Week 24 and was > 70% at each timepoint. ACR50/70, 28-joint Disease Activity Score remission, and ≥ 0.30 decrease from baseline in the Health Assessment Questionnaire–Disability Index response rates were also maintained after Week 24 in the TCZ-SC arm (≥ 50%, > 25%,> 32% and > 56%, respectively). Following escape for inadequate efficacy, many patients achieved ACR20 at the end of the study, 35% after escape from TCZ-SC, and 63% from placebo. The rates of serious adverse events [(11.20/100 patient-years (PY)] including serious infections (3.25/100 PY) were stable through Week 96. No association between anti-TCZ antibody development and loss of efficacy or adverse events was observed.Conclusion.Efficacy and safety of TCZ-SC q2w was maintained up to 2 years and remained comparable with previously published data for intravenous TCZ. Dose escalation to weekly TCZ-SC was associated with ACR responses in prior nonresponders and was well tolerated.
CXCL10 and TRAIL Are Upregulated by TXNDC5 in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes
Authors: Xu Bing , Li Jian , Wu Changsun , Liu Chunyan , Yan Xinfeng , Chang Xiaotian 
Published: December 2017

Objective.Thioredoxin domain containing 5 (TXNDC5) is highly expressed in synovial membranes of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Our study aimed to investigate the pathogenic role of TXNDC5 in RA.Methods.PCR arrays, CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry, and transwell migration assays were used to analyze cultured rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASF).Results.Increased CXCL10 and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand levels were detected in RASF transfected with anti-TXNDC5 small interfering RNA (siRNA), and decreased expression was detected in RASF transfected with TXNDC5-expressing plasmids. Significantly attenuated RASF proliferation and migration, and increased RASF apoptosis, were observed in the siRNA-transfected RASF.Conclusion.Downregulation of TXNDC5 could contribute to RASF antiangiogenic and proapoptotic features through the suppression of CXCL10 and TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand).
Dialysis Facility Staffing Ratios and Kidney Transplant Access Among Adolescents and Young Adults
Authors: Bicki Alexandra C. , Grimes Barbara , McCulloch Charles E. , Copeland Timothy P. , Ku Elaine 
Published: October 2024

ImportancePatient to staff ratios vary across US dialysis facilities and have been associated with patient outcomes in older adults.ObjectiveTo determine whether patient to nurse or patient to social worker staff ratios are associated with access to kidney transplant for adolescents and young adults.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsRetrospective cohort study including patients aged 12 to 30 years who started dialysis between 2005 and 2019 at 8490 US facilities according to the US Renal Data System, the national end-stage kidney disease registry.ExposuresTime-updated quartile of patient to nurse and patient to social worker ratios at dialysis facilities.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFine-Gray models were used to relate the exposure to the incidence of waitlisting and kidney transplant, accounting for the competing risk of death. Subgroup analysis by age at dialysis initiation (&amp;lt;22 vs ≥22 years) was performed. Follow-up was censored in January 2020.ResultsA total of 54 141 participants were included (median age, 25 years [IQR, 21-28]; 54.4% male; 4.3% of Asian race, 35.3% of non-Hispanic Black race). The median patient to staff ratios were 14.4 patients per nurse (IQR, 10.3-18.9) and 91.0 patients per social worker (IQR, 65.2-115.0). During a median follow-up of 2.6 years, 39.9% of patients (n = 21 598) received a transplant. In adjusted analysis, the highest (vs lowest) quartile of patient to nurse ratios was associated with 14% lower incidence of transplant (subhazard ratio [SHR], 0.86 [95% CI, 0.82-0.91]). The highest (vs lowest) quartile of patient to social worker ratios was associated with lower incidence of waitlisting (SHR, 0.95 [95% CI, 0.91-0.99]) and transplant (SHR, 0.85 [95% CI, 0.81-0.89]). For both staff ratios, there was an interaction with age at dialysis initiation, such that the association was more pronounced in patients starting dialysis at younger than 22 years (SHR, 0.71 [95% CI, 0.65-0.78] for the highest vs lowest quartile for nursing; SHR, 0.74 [95% CI, 0.68-0.80] for social work) compared with those 22 years and older (SHR, 1.00 [95% CI, 0.94-1.06] for nursing; SHR, 0.96 [95% CI, 0.91-1.02] for social work) for the outcome of transplant.Conclusions and RelevanceAdolescents and young adults receiving care at dialysis facilities with higher patient to staff ratios had reduced access to waitlisting and transplant, particularly if they were younger than 22 years of age at dialysis initiation.
Clinical trials for Lennox–Gastaut syndrome: Challenges and priorities
Authors: Knowles Juliet K. , Warren Aaron E. L. , Mohamed Ismail S. , Stafstrom Carl E. , Koh Hyun Yong , Samanta Debopam , Shellhaas Renée A. , Gupta Gita , Dixon‐Salazar Tracy , Tran Linh , Bhatia Sonal , McCabe Jane M. , Patel Anup D. , Grinspan Zachary M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjective: Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a severe, childhood‐onset epilepsy that is typically refractory to treatment. We surveyed the current landscape of LGS treatment, aiming to identify challenges to the development of efficacious therapies, and to articulate corresponding priorities toward clinical trials that improve outcomes. Methods: The LGS Special Interest Group of the Pediatric Epilepsy Research Consortium integrated evidence from the literature and expert opinion, into a narrative review. Results: We provide an overview of approved and emerging medical, dietary, surgical and neuromodulation approaches for LGS. We note that quality of care could be improved by standardizing LGS treatment based on expert consensus and empirical data. Whereas LGS natural history is incompletely understood, prospective studies and use of large retrospective datasets to understand LGS across the lifespan would enable clinical trials that address these dynamics. Recent discoveries related to LGS pathophysiology should enable development of disease‐modifying therapies, which are currently lacking. Finally, clinical trials have focused chiefly on seizures involving “drops,” but should incorporate additional patient‐centered outcomes, using emerging measures adapted to people with LGS. Interpretation: Clinicians and researchers should enact these priorities, with the goal of patient‐centered clinical trials that are tailored to LGS pathophysiology and natural history.
Visual Snow Syndrome is unstable: A longitudinal investigation of VSS symptoms in a Naïve population
Authors: Thompson Amy Claire , Goodbourn Patrick T. , Forte Jason D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the nature of subclinical Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS). We sought to develop a means of recruiting naïve participants with subclinical VSS symptoms to participate in research; and to understand whether subclinical VSS symptoms are stable across time. VSS is a recently characterised neurological condition, whose primary symptom is visual snow (dynamic noise in the visual field). There is evidence that VSS may be common in the general population and that it is unnoticed by many who experience it. To fully characterise VSS, it is important to understand whether (and how) subclinical VSS progresses to a clinical form.MethodsHere, we present two related studies: Study 1 develops and validates the Melbourne Visual Snow Questionnaire (MVSQ), a tool for screening the general population for VSS symptoms; and Study 2 investigates the stability of subclinical VSS. We developed the MVSQ based on the results of other recent work investigating undiagnosed cases of VSS, and a validated questionnaire designed to identify people with tinnitus for research participation. We then tested the MVSQ in a population with clinical VSS, including assessing face validity (i.e., the extent to which people with clinical VSS believed the questionnaire accurately captured their symptoms). In Study 2, we deployed the MVSQ in a naïve sample of 155 participants, who completed the MVSQ twice, 6 weeks apart.ResultsThe results of Study 1 indicated that the MVSQ was a viable method of recruiting people who experience VSS symptoms for research participation. It was deemed to have appropriate face validity and to pose little burden to those who completed it. In Study 2, VSS symptoms changed substantially across a 6‐week period. Cohen's weighted kappa for diagnosis was 0.56, 95% CI [0.43, 0.69]. However, the impact of perceptual experiences was low and did not change over time, rank ICC = 0.71, 95% CI [0.59, 0.82].InterpretationThe MVSQ is appropriate for assessing perceptual experiences in the general population. Determining the exact time scale across which symptoms fluctuate is important for understanding both clinical and subclinical cases of VSS.
Conformation‐Controlled Double Phosphorescence Components From A Single Organic Molecule: Time‐Dependent and Excitation‐Dependent Wide‐Range Afterglow Color Change
Authors: Bai Jingjuan , Han Lin , Liu Yiran , Bu Lijuan , Hu Shui , Ma Jiaxin , Li Zewei , Chen Mingxing , Ma Zhimin , Ma Zhiyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDouble phosphorescence components from a single organic molecule is rarely reported before because most organic molecules must follow Kasha's rule and merely emit phosphorescence from T1 state. We discover a unique phenomenon of conformation‐controlled expression of double phosphorescence components. The green phosphorescence component and the red phosphorescence component are assigned to the dinaphthylamine moiety and the pyrene unit of N,N‐di(naphthalen‐2‐yl)pyren‐1‐amine (NaPy), respectively. NaPy shows time‐dependent and excitation‐dependent afterglow color change in copolymerized MMA film at room temperature due to simultaneous expression of the double phosphorescence components. However, in PMMA film and copolymerized MA film, NaPy just expresses the red phosphorescence component, suggesting that matrix rigidity greatly affects expression of the double phosphorescence components via altering conformation of NaPy. In low‐rigidity matrix, the NaPy conformation is dyanmic due to free rotation and triplet excitons relax to T1 state via inner conversion or vibration relaxation, leading to the sole expression of the red phosphorescence component. In high‐rigidity matrix, the highly twisted conformation of NaPy is stabilized due to limitation of rotation and triplet excitons at T1 state and T2 state return to S0 state separately, resulting in simultaneous expression of the double phosphorescence components. Thus, NaPy follows Kasha's rule in low‐rigidity matrix but disobeys Kasha's rule in high‐rigidity matrix. In high‐rigidity matrix, the dinaphthylamine moiety and the pyrene unit can function relatively independently, resulting in time‐dependent and excitation‐dependent wide‐range afterglow color change.
Transient Implantable Electronics for Postsurgery Preventive Medicine
Authors: Mirzajani Hadi , Zolfaghari Parviz , Akbari Nakhjavani Sattar , Koca Beril Yagmur , Khodapanahandeh Mehrdad , Urey Hakan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe field of postoperative care has seen a remarkable shift toward the utilization of electronic implantable devices, including sensors, biosensors, stimulators, and drug delivery systems, all designed with a biodegradable form factor and wireless data/power transmission capability. These technologies hold immense potential for postsurgery out‐of‐hospital monitoring during the postdischarged period, where continuous monitoring of physiological signals is lacking. Furthermore, these devices eliminate the need for secondary surgeries required for device retrieval as they can safely degraded in the body, thus enhancing patient recovery. This review delves into the latest advancements in biodegradable implantable devices, examining their application in monitoring vital signs, the innovative wireless communication and powering technologies they employ, and the biodegradable materials that enable their function. The analysis extends to evaluating the efficacy and limitations of these devices across various medical applications. Moreover, it explores future research directions, emphasizing material advancements, device miniaturization, customization, and the integration of artificial intelligence to create closed‐loop therapeutic systems. This comprehensive review underscores the transformative potential of these technologies in enhancing postoperative care and outlines the pathway for future innovations in this dynamic field.
Tunable Mesoporous Porphyrin‐Based Conjugated Polymer Capable of Boosting Four‐Electron Zn‐I2 Batteries
Authors: Xia Yujie , Li Wenda , Xu Hengyue , Wei Facai , Ke Shanzhe , Chen Hao , Zhang Hongyi , Guo Gaijuan , Ma Liguo , Wang Jingfeng , Liu Shaohua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPorphyrin‐based conjugated polymers (PCPs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional conjugated π‐electron system and remarkable physical/chemical properties, further endowing them with ordered mesoscopic architecture to break the intrinsic non/microporous restriction is highly desirable, but it still remains a great challenge. Herein, a facile bottom‐up approach for fabricating ordered mesoporous PCPs (mPCPs) with tunable mesoporous channels through colloid‐mediated self‐assembly are presented. The resultant orders mesoscopic architecture featuring a substantial specific surface area (99.3 m2 g−1) and polar skeleton, remarkably improved anchoring properties for iodine chloride molecule. Meanwhile, the optimized mass transport facilitated by the robust mesoporous channels, coupled with the increased accessibility of polar functional groups, renders the structures with an ideal nanoreactor for the highly synergistic stabilization of the four‐electron I+/I2/I− conversion process. Therefore, the mPCPs host exhibits a high specific capacity (321 mA h g−1 at 0.5 A g−1), excellent rate performance, and cycle stability (266 mAh g−1 at 3.0 A g−1 after 1800 cycles), underscoring its potential as an effective platform for zinc‐iodine batteries. This study will provide a new method for precise control and engineering of mesoporous structures tailored for specific functionalities and electrochemical requirements, thereby facilitating the development of advanced materials based on multi‐electron energy storage applications.
Progress on Carbon Dots with Intrinsic Bioactivities for Multimodal Theranostics
Authors: Zhang Hao , Liu Hao , Liu Xiaohui , Song Aiguo , Jiang Hui , Wang Xuemei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCarbon dots (CDs) with intrinsic bioactivities are candidates for bioimaging and disease therapy due to their diverse bioactivities, high biocompatibility, and multiple functionalities in multimodal theranostics. It is a multidisciplinary research hotspot that includes biology, physics, materials science, and chemistry. This progress report discusses the CDs with intrinsic bioactivities and their applications in multimodal theranostics. The relationship between the synthesis and structure of CDs is summarized and analyzed from a material and chemical perspective. The bioactivities of CDs including anti‐tumor, antibacterial, anti‐inflammatory etc. are discussed from biological points of view. Subsequently, the optical and electronic properties of CDs that can be applied in the biomedical field are summarized from a physical perspective. Based on the functional review of CDs, their applications in the biomedical field are reviewed, including optical diagnosis and treatment, biological activity, etc. Unlike previous reviews, this review combines multiple disciplines to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms, functions, and applications of CDs with intrinsic bioactivities.
Early Diagnosis of Liver Injury and Real‐Time Evaluation of Photothermal Therapy Efficacy with a Viscosity‐Responsive NIR‐II Smart Molecule
Authors: Zan Qi , Fan Li , Lu Wenjing , Zhang Yuewei , Huang Yunong , Yu Xue , Han Yahong , Zhang Ruiping , Dong Chuan , Shuang Shaomin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe early diagnosis of liver injury and in situ real‐time monitoring of tumor therapy efficacy are important for the enhancement of personalized precision therapy but remain challenging due to the lack of reliable in vivo visualization tools with integrated diagnostic, therapeutic, and efficacy monitoring functions. Herein, a smart second near‐infrared window (NIR‐II) molecule (BITX‐OH) is rationally designed for diagnosis and therapy by vinyl‐bridging hydroxyl diphenyl xanthine unit and benzo[cd]indolium skeleton. BITX‐OH exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity toward viscosity, exhibiting a significant enhancement (1167‐fold) in NIR‐II fluorescence at 962 nm. With the assistance of BITX‐OH and NIR‐II fluorescence imaging, early diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of non‐alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL), as well as in‐site real‐time monitoring of hepatic fibrosis (HF) in live mice have been successfully achieved, which is at least several hours earlier than the typical clinical test. Notably, BITX‐OH displays excellent photothermal conversion efficiency when exposed to an 808 nm laser, which can induce tumor ablation and increase viscosity, thereby enhancing NIR‐II fluorescence for the real‐time evaluation of photothermal therapy (PTT). This viscosity‐based “self‐monitoring” strategy provides a convenient and reliable platform for timely obtaining therapeutic feedback to avoid over‐ or under‐treatment, thus enabling personalized precision therapy.
Photocatalytic Semi‐Hydrogenation of Acetylene to Polymer‐Grade Ethylene with Molecular and Metal–Organic Framework Cobaloximes
Authors: Stone Aaron E.B.S. , Fortunato Anna , Wang Xijun , Saggioro Edoardo , Snurr Randall Q. , Hupp Joseph T. , Arcudi Francesca , Ðorđević Luka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe semi‐hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene‐rich gas streams is a high‐priority industrial chemical reaction for producing polymer‐grade ethylene. Traditional thermocatalytic routes for acetylene reduction to ethylene, despite progress, still require high temperatures and high H2 consumption, possess relatively low selectivity, and use a noble metal catalyst. Light‐powered strategies are starting to emerge, given that they have the potential to use directly the abundant and sustainable solar irradiation, but are ineffective. Here an efficient, >99.9% selective, visible‐light powered, catalytic conversion of acetylene to ethylene is reported. The catalyst is a homogeneous molecular cobaloxime that operates in tandem with a photosensitizer at room temperature and bypasses the use of non‐environmentally friendly and flammable H2 gas feed. The reaction proceeds through a cobalt‐hydride intermediate with ≈100% conversion of acetylene under competitive (ethylene co‐feed) conditions after only 50 min, and with no evolution of H2 or over‐hydrogenation to ethane. The cobaloxime is further incorporated as a linker in a metal–organic framework; the result is a heterogeneous catalyst for the conversion of acetylene under competitive (ethylene co‐feed) conditions that can be recycled up to six times and remains catalytically active for 48 h, before significant loss of performance is observed.