bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinematic effects of unilateral TKA on the contralateral knee in Chinese patients with advanced osteoarthritis: a prospective gait analysis study
Authors: Wang Haibo , Duan Wenhao , Dang Xiaodong , Chen Zhenxian , Peng Yinghu , Yao Shuxin , Zhang Weijie , Ma Jianbing 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundPatients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) who receive unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often report reduced pain and enhanced function in the untreated knee, yet the kinematic mechanisms are not fully understood. Our study aimed to clarify these effects through a gait analysis of the untreated knee following unilateral TKA.MethodsThis study enrolled 118 end-stage OA patients with varus deformity scheduled for TKA, categorized into the contralateral osteoarthritis group (Contra-OA), consisting of patients with end-stage OA in both knees requiring surgical treatment, and the contralateral TKA group (Contra-TKA), which included patients who had undergone TKA on one knee and had end-stage OA in the untreated knee awaiting surgery. Kinematic data of the knee joint during treadmill walking were collected using the Opti_Knee gait analysis system, and a comparative analysis was conducted.ResultsThe Contra-TKA group exhibited improvements in step length, anterior-posterior translation, range of motion, vertical translation, and internal-external rotation compared to the Contra-OA group (p-values ranging from 0.0013 to 0.0463). Notable differences in flexion-extension angles and abduction/adduction rotation were also observed (p = 0.0013 and 0.0166, respectively). At the initial contact (IC), obvious differences in internal-external rotation, anterior/posterior translation, and vertical translation were noted. At the opposite toe-off (OT), significant differences in internal-external rotation. At the tibia vertical (TV) moment, significant differences were observed in all three translation indicators of joint translation. At other pivotal gait cycle points, vertical and anterior/posterior translations in Contra-TKA group continued to exhibit more meaningful decrease. Collectively, these findings underscore the protective kinematic effects of TKA on the untreated contralateral knee, indicating an improved biomechanical adaptation following TKA surgery.ConclusionIn summary, the study’s findings indicate that unilateral TKA imparts kinetic effects on the untreated contralateral knee, as evidenced by significant improvements in key gait parameters. These enhancements, observed at both initial contacts and throughout the gait cycle, suggest a positive biomechanical support post-TKA, might contribute to better gait efficiency and reduced load on the contralateral untreated knee.
Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of the mitral annulus for mitral annuloplasty in 100 cases of robotic mitral valve repair
Authors: Takahashi Yosuke , Morisaki Akimasa , Sakon Yoshito , Nishiya Kenta , Inno Goki , Kawase Takumi , Nishimoto Yukihiro , Nagao Munehide , Kishimoto Noriaki , Noda Kazuki , Shibata Toshihiko 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative computed tomography in assessing mitral annulus anatomy and the posterior annular plication rate in mitral valve repair with annuloplasty.MethodsFrom July 2018 to August 2023, we performed robotic mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty using a semi-rigid ring in 100 patients. Preoperative anatomical assessment of the mitral annulus was conducted by three-dimensional computed tomography. The ring size was selected based on the perioperative commissure-to-commissure length or the anterior leaflet area.ResultsThe mean commissure-to-commissure length, posterior mitral annular length, and minimum distance between the left circumflex artery and mitral annulus values were 31, 109, and 3.8 mm, respectively. No postoperative left circumflex artery injury or ring detachment was recorded. The mean plication rate (length of the posterior side of the prosthetic ring/posterior annular length) was 0.68, and it did not differ among each prosthetic ring size. The posterior plication rate (duplicate ring size 19.4) was a factor influencing the postoperative transmitral mean pressure gradient of 5 mmHg or higher. Freedom from moderate or severe mitral regurgitation was not different between the two groups above and below the posterior plication rate × ring size of 19.4 (p = 0.73), with an event-free rate of 97% vs. 96% in 3 years, respectively.ConclusionsPreoperative evaluation of the mitral annular anatomy is useful for safe mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty. Determining ring size by focusing on the posterior annular plication rate may be a new method for ring size selection.
Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hou Jingjin , Ren Li , Hou Qingbin , Jia Xiaodong , Mei Zhu , Xu Jiaxin , Yang Zheming , Li Yiming , Yan Chenghui 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundThe effectiveness and safety of a novel class of hypoglycemic medications known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have not been completely established in relation to acute heart failure (AHF). Consequently, we sought to compare the prognostic and safety outcomes of patients administered SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of AHF.MethodsAn extensive search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE was conducted for randomized controlled trials and observational studies that have evaluated the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in AHF from the inception of these drugs to the present. We compiled data related to cardiovascular safety and prognosis. Aggregated risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), or standardized mean differences (SMD) were generated for all outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), to evaluate the predictive significance of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.ResultsWe identified 4,053 patients from 13 studies. Patients experienced a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96, P = 0.01), readmission rates (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.98, P = 0.02), the number of heart failure exacerbation events (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.95, P = 0.02), and the number of rehospitalization events due to heart failure (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58–0.86, P &lt; 0.05) in the SGLT2 inhibitors-treatment group compared to a placebo or standard care (control group). SGLT2 inhibitors improved patient quality of life (SMD = −0.24, 95% CI: −0.40 to −0.09, P = 0.002). SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with enhanced diuresis in patients with AHF (MD = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.36–4.29, P &lt; 0.05). Overall, treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the level of serum NT-proBNP (MD = −497.62, 95% CI: −762.02 to −233.21, P &lt; 0.05) and did not increase the incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–1.01, P = 0.06).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors is associated with a better prognosis in patients with AHF than in patients not treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. It is safe and effective to initiate SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.9.0015, identifier (INPLASY202490015).
Comparison of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs. placebo on any cardiovascular events in overweight or obese non-diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kelkar Raveena , Barve Nishad A. , Kelkar Rohan , Kharel Sanjeev , Khanapurkar Shalmi , Yadav Rukesh 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have been extensively used to treat obesity in recent years. These novel drugs are effective at reducing body weight and also the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the data of its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in individuals without type 2 diabetes is not as robust. We aim to update and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the same.MethodsThe study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline. Researchers searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Clinicaltrails.gov for English literature from inception to 2024. Randomized Controlled trails enrolling adult participants (age ≥ 18 years) who are overweight or obese (BMI &gt; 25 Kg/m2) with a comparison of all cardiovascular events between patients taking GLP1-RA and placebo were included. The analysis was done by Revman version 5.4.ResultsA total of 17 RCTs among 34,419 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled risk ratio from 17 studies illustrated that patients with GLP-1 RA had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to patients who had a placebo (RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.64–0.89, p-value = 0.0008). Semaglutide was found to have a statistically significant greatest risk reduction than other drug types.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis found that GLP-1 RA significantly reduced all types of cardiovascular events in overweight and obese patients without diabetes. Semaglutide was found to be superior to others in CV event reductions. But still, the results of ongoing trials are needed.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=553048, PROSPERO (CRD42024553048).
Effects of interleukin-1 receptor antagonism in women with polycystic ovary syndrome—the FertIL trial
Authors: Wälchli-Popovic Milica , Monnerat Sophie , Taylor Angela E. , Gilligan Lorna C. , Schiffer Lina , Arlt Wiebke , Vogt Deborah R. , De Geyter Christian , Hutter Nina , Donath Marc Y. , Sartorius Gideon , Christ-Crain Mirjam 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionChronic low-grade inflammation might contribute to hyperandrogenemia and metabolic complications in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 stimulates androgen production from ovarian cells, whereas blockade of the IL-1 pathway improves cardiometabolic health. We aimed to investigate whether blocking the IL-1 pathway ameliorates hyperandrogenemia in patients with PCOS.MethodsThis is a prospective, interventional, single-arm, proof-of-concept trial performed at a tertiary hospital in Switzerland (August 2018 to July 2020) in 18 premenopausal women with a diagnosis of PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria, total testosterone levels ≥ 1.7 nmol/L, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 1.0 mg/L. Patients received 100 mg/day of the IL-1-receptor antagonist anakinra for 28 days and underwent weekly blood sampling until 1 week after the end of treatment. The primary endpoint was the change in serum androstenedione levels on day 7 of treatment, assessed with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Seven of these women participated in a subsequent observational sub-study (May 2021 to December 2021).ResultsMedian [interquartile range (IQR)] androstenedione increased by 0.5 [−0.1, 1.6] nmol/L (p = 0.048) with anakinra and by 1.3 [0.08, 2.4] nmol/L [p = 0.38] without anakinra between baseline and day 7. Anakinra reduced CRP levels on days 7, 21, and 28 (p &lt; 0.001) but did not lead to an absolute reduction in androgens. However, four of six patients (67%) had smaller areas under the curves for androstenedione and/or testosterone during the 28-day intervention with anakinra as compared to 28 days without treatment.DiscussionOur findings suggest that anakinra suppresses IL-1-mediated chronic low-grade inflammation in PCOS and might attenuate biochemical hyperandrogenemia.
Alterations in the plasma proteome persist ten months after recovery from mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection
Authors: Huapaya Julio A. , Gairhe Salina , Kanth Shreya , Tian Xin , Demirkale Cumhur Y. , Regenold David , Sun Jian , Lynch Nicolas F. , Luo Renjie , Forsberg Alisa , Dewar Robin , Rehman Tauseef , Li Willy , Krack Janell , Kuruppu Janaki , Aboye Etsubdink A. , Barnett Christopher , Strich Jeffrey R. , Davey Richard , Childs Richard , Chertow Daniel , Kovacs Joseph A. , Torabi-Parizi Parizad , Suffredini Anthony F. 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundLimited data are available describing the effects of SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections on the plasma proteome.MethodsPCR-positive SARS-CoV-2 patients, enrolled in a natural history study, underwent analysis of the plasma proteome. A prospective cohort of 66 unvaccinated and 24 vaccinated persons with different degrees of infection severity were evaluated acutely (within 40 days of symptom onset), and at three and ten months. Comparisons based on vaccination status alone and unsupervised hierarchical clustering were performed. A second cohort of vaccinated Omicron patients were evaluated acutely and at ten months.ResultsAcutely, unvaccinated patients manifested overexpression of proteins involved in immune and inflammatory responses, while vaccinated patients exhibited adaptive immune responses without significant inflammation. At three and ten months, only unvaccinated patients had diminished but sustained inflammatory (C3b, CCL15, IL17RE) and immune responses (DEFA5,TREM1). Both groups had underexpression of pathways essential for cellular function, signaling, and angiogenesis (AKT1, MAPK14, HSPB1) across phases. Unsupervised clustering, based on protein expression, identified four groups of patients with variable vaccination rates demonstrating that additional clinical factors influence the plasma proteome. The proteome of vaccinated Omicron patients did not differ from vaccinated pre-Omicron patients.ConclusionsVaccination attenuates the inflammatory response to SARS-CoV-2 infection across phases. However, at ten months after symptom onset, changes in the plasma proteome persist in both vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, which may be relevant to post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 and other viral infections associated with post-acute infection syndromes.
Metagenomic insights into traditional fermentation of rice-based beverages among ethnic tribes in southern Assam, Northeast India
Authors: Yumnam Hanna , Hazarika Parijat , Sharma Indu 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionTraditional fermented foods have long been recognized for their numerous health benefits along with their potential to aid in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. These fermented foods have been shown to promote gut health and contribute to a longer, healthier life.MethodsThe high-throughput sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform was employed to investigate the microbiome communities of rice-based fermented beverages consumed by ethnic tribes in Southern Assam, namely Zeme Naga, Dimasa Kachari, Hmar, Karbi and Tea tribes.ResultsThe fermented rice-based beverages were highly predominated by Firmicutes, Bacteroides, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria exhibiting the highest relative abundance across all tribes. At genus level, significant abundance of pediococcus, lactobacillus, bacillus, leuconostoc, acetobacter, staphylococcus, delftia, erwinia, klebsiella and chrysebacterium were found amongst these ethnic tribes.DiscussionUnderstanding the fermented food microbiome will help to know the relationships between microbial communities and their effect on health of humans amongst the tribes. Furthermore, the use of these fermented products could provide enhanced health benefits to southern Assam region of India.
Effects of wheat germ diet on intestinal antioxidant capacity, immunological function and gut microbiota of Sichuan white geese
Authors: Wang Xin , Jiang Dongmei , An Xiaoguang , Li Shuo , Qi Yuxin , Yang Yujie , Wang Zelong , Sun Qian , Ling Weikang , Ji Chengweng , Qi Yuxuan , Xu Hengyong , Han Chunchun , Zhao Hua , Kang Bo 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundWheat germ is known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and disease resistance properties in animals. However, its effect on the gut of Sichuan white geese remains unclear.MethodIn this study, thirty 250-day-old geese were divided into three equal groups, the control group, LWG group (21.8% wheat germ) and HWG group (43.6% wheat germ), the experiment lasted 12 weeks. We assessed various aspects of geese intestinal health, including barrier function, digestibility, antioxidant capacity, immunity, microbiota, and metabolism.ResultsThe study revealed a significant increase in villus height (VH), villus height-to-crypt depth (VH/CD) ratio, amylase, and lipase activities in the duodenum and ileum, increased putrescine levels in the duodenum and jejunum, as well as spermidine levels in the jejunum (P &lt; 0.05). LWG increased the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) in the duodenum, while decreasing levels of intestinal malondialdehyde (MDA), serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and diamine oxidase (DAO) activity (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, LWG increased the relative abundance of Oscillospiraceae_unclassified, Ligilactobacillus, and Roseburia, as well as increased levels of acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid, while decreasing the relative abundance of Subdoligranulum, Flavonifractor, and Klebsiella. Additionally, we observed 17 up-regulated genes and 25 down-regulated genes in the jejunum, which are associated with the cell cycle and immunity. These genes play roles in pathways such as the p53 signaling pathway, cell cycle regulation, and pathways associated with immune modulation. On the other hand, HWG increased intestinal VH and spermidine levels, as well as amylase and lipase activities in the duodenum (P &lt; 0.05). It also elevated ileal T-AOC and sIgA levels (P &lt; 0.05), while reducing intestinal MDA content, serum LPS levels, DAO activity, and propionic acid in cecum contents (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, HWG increased the relative abundance of Ligilactobacillus, Oscillospiraceae_unclassified, and Roseburia (P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionOverall, wheat germ diets, particularly the LWG diet demonstrated the ability to enhance antioxidant capacity, digestibility, immunity, and barrier properties of the intestinal tract, while modulating the gut microbiota and metabolism. Therefore, wheat germ diets hold promise in improving intestinal health by preserving barrier function and regulating flora structure.
Label-free quantitative proteomic profiling reveals differential plasma protein expression in patients with obesity after treatment with liraglutide
Authors: Masood Afshan , Benabdelkamel Hicham , Joy Salini Scaria , Alhossan Abdulaziz , Alsuwayni Bashayr , Abdeen Ghalia , Aldhwayan Madhawi , Alfadda Nora A. , Miras Alexander Dimitri , Alfadda Assim A. 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionTreatment and management of obesity is clinically challenging. The inclusion of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) in the medical management of obesity has proven to be efficacious. However, mechanisms underlying the molecular changes arising from GLP1RA treatment in patients with obesity remain to be elucidated.MethodsA single-center, prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the changes in the plasma proteins after liraglutide 3 mg therapy in twenty patients (M/F: 7/13) with obesity (mean BMI 40.65 ± 3.7 kg/m2). Anthropometric and laboratory parameters were measured, and blood samples were collected at two time points: baseline, before initiating treatment (pretreatment group, PT), and after three months of receiving the full dose liraglutide 3 mg (posttreatment group, PoT). An untargeted label-free LC MSMS mass spectrometric approach combined with bioinformatics and network pathway analysis was used to determine changes in the proteomic profiles.ResultsThe mean age of the study participants was 36.0 ± 11.1 years. A statistically significant change was observed in weight, BMI and HbA1c levels between the PT and PoT groups (paired t-test, P &lt; 0.001). A significant dysregulation was noted in the abundances of 151 proteins (31 up and 120 downregulated) between the two groups. The potential biomarkers were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The top ten proteins (area under the curve (AUC) of 0.999 (95% CI)) were identified as potential biomarkers between PT and PoT groups and included Cystatin-B, major vault protein, and plastin-3, which were upregulated, whereas multimerin-2, large ribosomal P2, and proline–rich acidic protein 1 were downregulated in the PoT group compared with the PT group. The top network pathway identified using ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA), centered around dysregulation of MAPK, AKT, and PKc signaling pathways and related to cell-to-cell signaling and interaction, cellular assembly and organization, cellular compromise and a score of 46 with 25 focus proteins.DiscussionThrough label-free quantitative proteomic analysis, our study revealed significant dysregulation of plasma proteins after liraglutide 3 mg treatment in patients with obesity. The alterations in the proteomic profile between the PT and PoT groups demonstrated a decrease in levels of proteins involved in inflammation and oxidative stress pathways. On the other hand proteins involved in the glycolytic and lipolytic metabolic pathways as well as those participating in cytoskeletal and endothelial reorganization were observed to be increased. Understanding actions of liraglutide at a molecular and proteomic levels provides a holistic look into how liraglutide impacts metabolism, induces weight loss and improves overall metabolic health.
Genomic alterations in the stepwise progression from normal mucosa to metastasizing oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Jensen Jakob Myllerup , Sjöstedt Sannia Mia Svenningsen , Carmona Javiera Laing , Ahlborn Lise Barlebo , Vieira Filipe Garrett , Nielsen Finn Cilius , Kiss Katalin , Grønhøj Christian , von Buchwald Christian 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate the genomic changes that occur in the development from dysplasia, cancer and to regional metastases in patients with oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Material and methodsWe included OSCC patients with lymph node metastases at diagnosis, treated with primary surgery at Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen in the period 2007-2014. The resected tumor specimens were evaluated by a pathologist, who marked areas of morphologically normal tissue and dysplasia surrounding the cancer, two areas from the cancer tissue, and one area within the lymph node metastases. From these areas a punch biopsy was taken, and DNA from each sample was extracted and sequenced using Illumina’s TSO500 HT cancer panel.ResultsFrom 51 OSCC patients, 255 samples were included, comprising a wide variety of genomic alterations. Substantial intratumor heterogeneity was found. The most commonly mutated gene was TP53, mutated in 65% of all samples. Only two patients had no TP53 mutation in any samples. We found that morphologically normal appearing mucosa as well as surrounding dysplasia also contained malignant mutations, supporting the theory of field cancerization. There was a significant lower average tumor mutational burden (TMB) in the lymph node metastases compared to the primary tumors, supporting the theory of clonal selection.ConclusionSubstantial inter- and intratumor genomic heterogeneity was found. Mutation of TP53 was the most common and was present in all but two patients. Our data strongly supports the theory of clonal selection and the theory of field cancerization.