bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peristaltic transport of a Jeffrey fluid under the effect of gravity field and rotation in an asymmetric channel with magnetic field
Authors: Abd-Alla A.M. , Abo-Dahab S.M. , Alsharif Abdullah 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the peristaltic flow of a Jeffrey fluid in an asymmetric channel, subjected to gravity field and rotation in the presence of a magnetic field. The channel asymmetry is produced by choosing the peristaltic wave train on the walls to have different amplitude and phase. The flow is investigated in a wave frame of reference moving with the velocity of the wave. Involved problems are analyzed through long wavelength and low Reynolds number.

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical expressions for the pressure gradient, pressure rise, stream function, axial velocity and shear stress have been obtained. The effects of Hartmann number, the ratio of relaxation to retardation times, time-mean flow, rotation, the phase angle and the gravity field on the pressure gradient, pressure rise, streamline, axial velocity and shear stress are very pronounced and physically interpreted through graphical illustrations. Comparison was made with the results obtained in the asymmetric and symmetric channels.

Findings
The results indicate that the effect of the Hartmann number, the ratio of relaxation to retardation times, time-mean flow, rotation, the phase angle and the gravitational field are very pronounced in the phenomena.

Originality/value
In the present work, the authors investigate gravity field, and rotation through an asymmetric channel in the presence of a magnetic field has been analyzed. It also deals with the effect of the magnetic field and gravity field of peristaltic transport of a Jeffrey fluid in an asymmetric rotating channel.
Joint effects of job demands and job resources on vocational teachers’ innovative work behavior
Authors: Messmann Gerhard , Stoffers Jol , Van der Heijden Beatrice , Mulder Regina H. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate interactions of job demands and job resources in the facilitation of innovative work behavior (IWB). In particular, the paper aims at researching interactive effects of psychological empowerment and participative safety and their potential to buffer negative effects of job demands.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional questionnaire study with 239 vocational teachers was carried out. For hypotheses testing, multiple linear regression models were analyzed.

Findings
The study provides evidence for psychological empowerment and participative safety as individual and interactive predictors of IWB. Furthermore, the findings indicate that effects of job demands are substantially more positive when psychological empowerment is high and, conversely, when participative safety is low.

Research limitations/implications
Future studies should address the issues of the current study using a longitudinal approach and additional data sources. Moreover, concerning generalizability, future studies could move beyond the current study context of innovative vocational colleges and teachers.

Practical implications
The paper highlights the importance of creating resourceful work environments, which empower employees and provide fellowship and minority acceptance. Furthermore, the findings call for paying attention to individually varying perceptions of job demands and corresponding needs for compensatory job resources.

Originality/value
The study adds to closing the gap of lacking insight into interactions among established predictors of IWB. In particular, this regards interactions among demanding and resourceful characteristics of the work environment that need to be balanced in order to activate proactive behaviors such as IWB.
How does social isolation in a context of dirty work increase emotional exhaustion and inhibit work engagement? A process model
Authors: Bentein Kathleen , Garcia Alice , Guerrero Sylvie , Herrbach Olivier 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the consequences of experiencing social isolation in a context of dirty work. Relying on an integration of the job demands-resources model (Schaufeli and Bakker, 2004) with the social identity approach (Ashforth and Kreiner, 1999), the paper posits that perceived social isolation prevents the development of defense mechanisms that could counter the occupational stigma, and thus tends to increase perceptions of stigmatization, and to decrease perceptions of the prosocial impact of their work. Through these two perceptions, perceived social isolation indirectly affects emotional exhaustion and work engagement.Design/methodology/approachResearch hypotheses are tested among a sample of 195 workers in the commercial cleaning industry who execute physically tainted tasks.FindingsResults support the research model. Perceived prosocial impact mediates the negative relationship between perceived social isolation and work engagement, and perceived stigmatization mediates the positive relationship between perceived social isolation and emotional exhaustion.Research limitations/implicationsThis research contributes to the dirty work literature by empirically examining one of its implicit assumptions, namely, that social isolation prevents the development of coping strategies. It also contributes to the literature on well-being and work engagement by demonstrating how they are affected by the social context of work.Originality/valueThe present paper is the first to study the specific challenges of social isolation in dirty work occupations and its consequences.
Team characteristics and leadership training participation
Authors: Solansky Stephanie , McIver Derrick 
Published: October 2017

PurposeBy relying on social learning theory, the authors aim to evaluate how team characteristics as evaluated by a team coach impact participation in leadership development program activities. Specifically, the authors hypothesize that teams with high levels of competence and social support would participate more team and program-wide training activities.Design/methodology/approachThe authors examine 41 teams (266 participants) in a leadership development program and develop a two-by-two matrix to categorize teams based on their underlying characteristics for the purpose of identifying participation differences.FindingsThe mixed results indicate how team social support is a key driver for participation in team activities and how team competence is associated with less participation in program-wide activities in a leadership development program.Practical implicationsThe results point to the importance of team characteristics when using teams for education and training programs such as leadership development programs. Team characteristics such as team competence and team social support should be considered when building teams and for team facilitation needs during education and training programs that implore teams to enhance learning.Originality/valueAlthough the use of teams as an organizing strategy is popular, very little research has examined the effectiveness of this strategy by taking a deeper look at team characteristics and how these impact participation in a leadership development program.
Plant Phenolics Extraction from Flos Chrysanthemi: Response Surface Methodology Based Optimization and the Correlation Between Extracts and Free Radical Scavenging Activity
Authors: Wu Yanfang , Wang Xinsheng , Xue Jintao , Fan Enguo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHuaiju is one of the most famous and widely used Flos Chrysanthemi (FC) for medicinal purposes in China. Although various investigations aimed at phenolics extraction from other FC have been reported, a thorough optimization of the phenolics extraction conditions from Huaiju has not been achieved. This work applied the widely used response surface methodology (RSM) to investigate the effects of 3 independent variables including ethanol concentration (%), extraction time (min), and solvent‐to‐material ratio (mL/g) on the ultrasound‐assisted extraction (UAE) of phenolics from FC. The data suggested the optimal UAE condition was an ethanol concentration of 75.3% and extraction time of 43.5 min, whereas the ratio of solvent to material has no significant effect. When the free radical scavenging ability was used as an indicator for a successful extraction, a similar optimal extraction was achieved with an ethanol concentration of 72.8%, extraction time of 44.3 min, and the ratio of solvent to material was 29.5 mL/g. Furthermore, a moderate correlation between the antioxidant activity of TP extract and the content of extracted phenolic compounds was observed. Moreover, a well consistent of the experimental values under optimal conditions with those predicted values suggests RSM successfully optimized the UAE conditions for phenolics extraction from FC.Practical ApplicationThe work of the research investigated the plant phenolics in Flos Chrysanthemi and antioxidant capacities. These results of this study can support the development of antioxidant additive and relative food.
In Vitro Assessment of Bioactivities of Lactobacillus Strains as Potential Probiotics for Humans and Chickens
Authors: Shokryazdan P. , Jahromi M. F. , Liang J. B. , Sieo C. C. , Kalavathy R. , Idrus Z. , Ho Y. W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTwelve previously isolated Lactobacillus strains were investigated for their in vitro bioactivities, including bile salt hydrolase (BSH), cholesterol‐reducing and antioxidant activities, cytotoxic effects against cancer cells, enzyme activity, and biogenic amine production. Among them, only 4 strains showed relatively high BSH activity, whereas the rest exhibited low BSH activity. All 12 strains showed cholesterol‐reducing and antioxidant activities, especially in their intact cells, which in most of the cases, the isolated strains were stronger in these activities than the tested commercial reference strains. None of the tested strains produced harmful enzymes (β‐glucosidase and β‐glucuronidase) or biogenic amines. Among the 12 strains, 3 strains were tested for their cytotoxic effects against 3 cancer cell lines, which exhibited strong cytotoxic effects, and they also showed selectivity in killing cancer cells when compared to normal cells. Hence, all 12 Lactobacillus strains could be considered good potential probiotic candidates because of their beneficial functional bioactivities.Practical ApplicationThe Lactobacillus strains tested in this study could be considered good potential probiotic candidates for food/feed industry because of their beneficial functional bioactivities such as good cholesterol‐reducing ability, high antioxidant activity, and good and selective cytotoxic effect against cancer cells.
Production of Cornstarch Granules Enriched with Quercetin Liposomes by Aggregation of Particulate Binary Mixtures Using High Shear Process
Authors: Toniazzo Taíse , Galeskas Helena , Dacanal Gustavo C. , Pinho Samantha C. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLiposomes are colloidal structures capable of encapsulating, protecting, and releasing hydrophobic bioctives, as flavonoids. Quercetin is a flavonoid with high antioxidant activity that provides benefits to health. The wet‐agglomeration processes in high‐shear equipment are useful to produce granules from binary mixtures, obtaining a powder with homogeneous composition and without segregation or elutriation of fine particles. In this study, the binary mixtures containing microparticles of native cornstarch and nanoparticles of quercetin liposomes were aggregated in high‐shear batches, using maltodextrin solution as binder agent. The cornstarch was enriched by agglomeration with 8%, 22%, and 30% (w/w) of quercetin‐loaded lyophilized liposomes and the physical properties were evaluated. The moisture of all formulations showed similar values ranging from 4.42% to 4.57%. The values of hygroscopicity (g adsorbed water/100 g of dry matter) indicated the lyophilized liposomes were able to decrease the capacity of the agglomerated cornstarch to absorb water, decreasing the possibility of microbiological contamination. The addition of quercetin‐loaded lyophilized liposomes improved the flowability and turned the powder (agglomerated cornstarch) less cohesive. The pasting properties of enriched agglomerated cornstarch decreased the pasting temperature about 10 °C, and the cornstarch agglomerated with 8% (w/w) of quercetin‐loaded lyophilized liposomes showed no significance difference in the peak viscosity. Agglomeration of cornstarch with more than 8% (w/w) lyophilized liposomes decreased the tendency of starch to retrograde, which is very interesting for food products which requires low levels of retrogradation of granules for their stability.Practical ApplicationThis study is an unprecedent association of 2 technologies, nanoencapsulation and wet agglomeration, here used together to enrich cornstarch with quercetin. The agglomeration process was used to obtain granules of cornstarch, an ingredient extremely used in the food industry, enriched with quercetin‐loaded lyophilized liposomes. The goals were both the improvement of the nutritional quality and the increase of the added value of the cornstarch.
Aqueous Extract of Gynura Bicolor Attenuated Hepatic Steatosis, Glycative, Oxidative, and Inflammatory Injury Induced by Chronic Ethanol Consumption in Mice
Authors: Yin Mei‐chin , Wang Zhi‐hong , Liu Wen‐hu , Mong Mei‐chin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractGynura bicolor leaf aqueous extract (GAE) is rich in phytochemicals including phenolic acids, flavonoids, carotenoids, and anthocyanins. Effects of GAE upon hepatic injury in mice with chronic ethanol intake were examined. Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol was used to induce hepatic lipid accumulation, oxidative, glycative, and inflammatory injury. GAE at 0.25% or 0.5% was added in feeds, and supplied to mice consumed Lieber–DeCarli liquid diet with ethanol for 6 wk. Blood and liver were collected for analyses. Results showed that ethanol increased plasma and hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol content, and affected plasma levels of insulin, adiponectin, leptin, and ghrelin. GAE at both doses decreased lipid accumulation, and at high dose improved hormones abnormality. Histological data revealed that GAE supplement mitigated hepatic lipid deposit. Ethanol increased plasma Nε‐(carboxyethymethyl)‐lysine and pentosidine levels. GAE at high doses lowered those glycative factors. Ethanol depleted glutathione content, increased CYP2E1 activity and reactive oxygen species production, and reduced the activity of glutathione peroxide, glutathione reductase and catalase in liver. GAE supplement at both doses reversed these alterations and attenuated hepatic oxidative stress. GAE supplement also at both doses decreased hepatic inflammatory cytokines release in ethanol treated mice. These findings support that leaves of G. bicolor is a functional food with liver protective activities against ethanol.
Polysaccharides in Spirulina platensis Improve Antioxidant Capacity of Chinese‐Style Sausage
Authors: Luo Aiguo , Feng Jia , Hu Bianfang , Lv Junping , Chen C‐Y. Oliver , Xie Shulian 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study examined the effect of Spirulina platensis polysaccharides (SPP) at 0.1%, 0.25%, and 0.5% (wt/wt) of Chinese‐style sausages on lipid peroxidation, microbiological and sensory properties during 24 d stored at 4 °C. During the storage, pH, lightness (L*) values, DPPH radical scavenging activity and sensory scores decreased with time and TBARS, TVB‐N, mesophilic, and psychrotrophic total viable counts increased. However, the magnitude of the changes was attenuated with the addition of SPP as compared to control. Samples containing SPP had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher DPPH radical scavenging activity and lower TBARS values compared with the control, and the antioxidant effect was dose‐dependent. The addition of 0.5% SPP maintained stable redness (a*) values of sausages, although there was no positive effect on the microbiological status. Moreover, the addition of SPP prevented the decrease of aroma, flavor and sensory acceptance of samples. The results suggested incorporation of SPP could decrease lipid peroxidation and improve sensory properties of Chinese‐style sausage.Practical ApplicationThere is a great need for adding natural antioxidants to healthier meat and meat products. Spirulina platensis polysaccharides (SPP) had strong antioxidant activity. The addition of SPP to Chinese‐style pork sausage could inhibit lipid peroxidation, to extend the shelf life of meat products. SPP were very potential to be used to replace synthetic antioxidants in meat and meat products.
Radiological manifestations of immune‐related adverse effects observed in patients with melanoma undergoing immunotherapy
Authors: Sidhu Parveen , Menzies Alexander M , Long Georgina , Carlino Matteo , Lorens Shirleen , Kapoor Rony 
Published: October 2017

SummaryImmunotherapy drugs work by stimulating the patient's own immune system to recognize and destroy cancer cells. This subclass of drugs is increasingly administered to patients with advanced melanoma. They are also commonly incorporated into other cancer therapies such as non‐small cell lung cancer, renal cancer, head and neck cancers and Hodgkin lymphoma. The most commonly administered immunotherapeutic agents in the treatment of melanoma include programmed cell death protein 1 (PD‐1) inhibitors, cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA‐4) inhibitors and a subclass of cytokines. During treatment with these antibodies, a unique set of adverse effects may occur which are often called immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). It is vital for radiologists to be aware of and document these side effects during routine staging or body imaging during therapy. Some of these include pneumonitis, colitis, hypophysitis, lymphadenopathy or sarcoid‐like syndrome and myositis. IrAEs such as sarcoid‐like lymphadenopathy can mimic progression of disease. Serious side effects are seen in less than 10% of patients, and typically emerge between 6 and 12 weeks after commencing treatment. The clinical manifestations of these side effects typically vary from mild to severe and so do the radiological findings. Patients with mild side effects are often treated successfully with systemic corticosteroids, while severe cases require cessation of immunotherapy. We provide a pictorial article on the common irAEs and the associated radiological manifestations.
Diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH): Increased prevalence in Pacific Islanders
Authors: Bateman Mathew , Hapuarachchi Kamal , Pinto Clinton , Doyle Anthony James 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIntroductionDiffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) is a musculoskeletal disorder in which ligaments and entheses slowly become ossified, leading to decreased mobility and pain. The prevalence is variably reported as between 3% and 25% of the population over 50. In Australasia, the prevalence and severity of DISH has long been thought by radiologists to be high in certain populations, particularly among Pacific Islanders. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence and severity of DISH in a Pacific Islander community.MethodsChest radiographs in 459 individuals were retrospectively reviewed to assess for the presence of features consistent with DISH, as per the Resnick Criteria. Each radiograph was also assessed for the number of vertebral bodies involved. The clinical records of these patients were accessed to obtain the patient's ethnicity.ResultsThe prevalence of DISH in our group overall was 138/459 (30%) with a prevalence of 42/96 (44%) in the Pacific Islanders. The difference compared to the Europeans in the group is highly significant (P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThis study verifies the high prevalence of DISH in Pacific Islanders.
Genetic barcoding of dark‐spored myxomycetes (Amoebozoa)—Identification, evaluation and application of a sequence similarity threshold for species differentiation in NGS studies
Authors: Borg Dahl Mathilde , Brejnrod Asker D. , Unterseher Martin , Hoppe Thomas , Feng Yun , Novozhilov Yuri , Sørensen Søren J. , Schnittler Martin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUnicellular, eukaryotic organisms (protists) play a key role in soil food webs as major predators of microorganisms. However, due to the polyphyletic nature of protists, no single universal barcode can be established for this group, and the structure of many protistean communities remains unresolved. Plasmodial slime moulds (Myxogastria or Myxomycetes) stand out among protists by their formation of fruit bodies, which allow for a morphological species concept. By Sanger sequencing of a large collection of morphospecies, this study presents the largest database to date of dark‐spored myxomycetes and evaluate a partial 18S SSU gene marker for species annotation. We identify and discuss the use of an intraspecific sequence similarity threshold of 99.1% for species differentiation (OTU picking) in environmental PCR studies (ePCR) and estimate a hidden diversity of putative species, exceeding those of described morphospecies by 99%. When applying the identified threshold to an ePCR data set (including sequences from both NGS and cloning), we find 64 OTUs of which 21.9% had a direct match (>99.1% similarity) to the database and the remaining had on average 90.2 ± 0.8% similarity to their best match, thus thought to represent undiscovered diversity of dark‐spored myxomycetes.
Impact of sequence processing and taxonomic classification approaches on eukaryotic community structure from environmental samples with emphasis on diatoms
Authors: Hardge Kristin , Neuhaus Stefan , Kilias Estelle S. , Wolf Christian , Metfies Katja , Frickenhaus Stephan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNext‐generation sequencing is a common method for analysing microbial community diversity and composition. Configuring an appropriate sequence processing strategy within the variety of tools and methods is a nontrivial task and can considerably influence the resulting community characteristics. We analysed the V4 region of 18S rRNA gene sequences of marine samples by 454‐pyrosequencing. Along this process, we generated several data sets with QIIME, mothur, and a custom‐made pipeline based on DNAStar and the phylogenetic tree‐based PhyloAssigner. For all processing strategies, default parameter settings and punctual variations were used. Our results revealed strong differences in total number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs), indicating that sequence preprocessing and clustering had a major impact on protist diversity estimates. However, diversity estimates of the abundant biosphere (abundance of ≥1%) were reproducible for all conducted processing pipeline versions. A qualitative comparison of diatom genera emphasized strong differences between the pipelines in which phylogenetic placement of sequences came closest to light microscopy‐based diatom identification. We conclude that diversity studies using different sequence processing strategies are comparable if the focus is on higher taxonomic levels, and if abundance thresholds are used to filter out OTUs of the rare biosphere.