bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of a multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infecting phage and its therapeutic use in mice
Authors: Xiao Zhen , Xu Hongyi , Wang Juan , Hu Xueyuan , Huang Xiumei , Song Shiping , Zhang Qingqing , Liu Yanxin , Liu Yaopeng , Liu Na , Liu Junhui , Zhao Ge , Zhang Xiyue , Li Yuehua , Zhao Jianmei , Wang Junwei , Liu Huanqi , Wang Lin , Qu Zhina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In recent years, the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has limited the selection of drugs for treating bacterial infections, reduced clinical efficacy, and increased treatment costs and mortality. It is urgent to find alternative antibiotics. In order to explore a new method for controlling methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), this study isolated and purified a multidrug-resistant S. aureus broad-spectrum phage JPL-50 from wastewater. JPL-50 belongs to the Siphoviridae family after morphological observation, biological characterization, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) fragmentation spectrum analysis. It can cleave 84% of tested S. aureus (168/200), in which 100% of tested mastitis-associated strains (48/48) and 72.04% of MRSA strains (67/93) were lysed. In addition, it has an optimal growth temperature of about 30°C, a high activity within a wide pH range (pH 3–10), and an optimal multiplicity of infection of 0.01. The one-step growth curve shows a latent time of 20 min, an explosive time of 80 min. JPL-50 was 16 927 bp in length and was encoded by double-stranded DNA, with no genes associated with bacterial resistance or virulence factors detected. In a therapeutic study, injection of the phage JPL-50 once and for 7 times in 7 days protected 40% and 60% of the mice from fatal S. aureus infection, respectively. More importantly, JPL-50-doxycycline combination could effectively inhibit host S. aureus in vitro and reduce the use of doxycycline within 8 h. In conclusion, the bacteriophage JPL-50 has a wide lysis spectrum, high lysis rate, high tolerance to extreme environments, and moderate in vivo activity, providing ideas for developing multidrug-resistant S. aureus infections.
Induced and natural variation affect traits independently in hybrid Populus
Authors: Guo Weier , Bastiaanse Héloïse , Maloof Julin N , Comai Luca , Henry Isabelle M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The genetic control of many plant traits can be highly complex. Both allelic variation (sequence change) and dosage variation (copy number change) contribute to a plant's phenotype. While numerous studies have investigated the effect of allelic or dosage variation, very few have documented both within the same system, leaving their relative contribution to phenotypic effects unclear. The Populus genome is highly polymorphic, and poplars are fairly tolerant of gene dosage variation. Here, using a previously established Populus hybrid F1 population, we assessed and compared the effect of natural allelic variation and induced dosage variation on biomass, phenology, and leaf morphology traits. We identified QTLs for many of these traits, but our results indicate limited overlap between the QTLs associated with natural allelic variation and induced dosage variation. Additionally, the integration of data from both allelic and dosage variation identifies a larger set of QTLs that together explain a larger percentage of the phenotypic variance. Finally, our results suggest that the effect of the large indels might mask that of allelic QTLs. Our study helps clarify the relationship between allelic and dosage variation and their effects on quantitative traits.
A role for the circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME in regulating triglyceride metabolism in Drosophila
Authors: Gopalakrishnan Swetha , Yadav Sanjay Ramnarayan , Kannan Nisha N 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The biological rhythms generated by the endogenous circadian clocks across the tree of life regulate numerous behavioral, metabolic, and physiological processes. Although evidence from various studies in Drosophila melanogaster indicates the importance of the core circadian clock genes in the intricate interplay between the circadian clock and metabolism, little is known about the contribution of the circadian photoreceptor/s in this process. The deep brain circadian photoreceptor CRYPTOCHROME (CRY) is essential for resetting the clock in response to light and is also highly expressed in metabolically active tissues in Drosophila. In this study, we sought to explore the possible roles played by CRY in triglyceride (TG) metabolism. We observed that the cry mutant (cry01) flies exhibited increased starvation resistance and TG levels under both 12-hour (h) light:12-h dark cycle (LD) and under constant light compared with the control w1118 flies. We also observed that cry01 flies had significantly increased food intake, glycogen concentrations, and lifespan under LD. In addition, cryptochrome seemed to affect TG levels in adult flies in response to calorie-restricted and high-fat diets. These results suggest a role for the circadian photoreceptor CRY in TG metabolism in Drosophila.
I simply have more of a role as a human being: Psychotherapists’ Experience Delivering Psychotherapy to Nursing Home Residents With Depression
Authors: Nagel Laura Carlotta , Baumeister Natalie , Müller Tanja , Stangier Ulrich 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
The lack of psychotherapy in nursing homes can be explained by organizational obstacles but also by practitioners’ reservations about this patient group and setting. This study aimed to inform practice by qualitatively exploring the experiences of psychotherapists delivering cognitive behavioral therapy to residents of nursing homes diagnosed with depression.

Research Design and Methods
Semistructured interviews with 6 psychotherapists, who had delivered treatment within the DAVOS project (Depression in the nursing home: a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge collaborative case management approach to improve treatment) were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a deductive–inductive content analysis.

Results
Therapists experienced various difficulties, including practical (e.g., multiprofessional collaboration) and existential issues (e.g., confrontation with their own mortality). Participants described correcting some stereotypical images of older people (in need of care) through their work within the DAVOS project. However, evidence of ageism was still included in their reports. In the interviews, psychotherapists more experienced with older patients addressed more existential issues, whereas more novice therapists tended to focus more on practical difficulties.

Discussion and Implications
To ensure a more effective implementation of psychotherapeutic treatment in nursing homes, it appears necessary to address important contextual factors that facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration, interference-free treatment rooms, and tele-assisted sessions. Further, more setting-specific training, targeted supervision regarding death and suicide, and interventions that address stereotypical images of age and older people in residential care are needed.

Clinical Trial Registration Number
DRKS00015686
Identification of a “Blue Zone” in the Netherlands: A Genetic, Personal, Sociocultural, and Environmental Profile
Authors: Deeg Dorly J H , van Tilburg Theo , Visser Marjolein , Braam Arjan , Stringa Najada , Timmermans Erik J 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Objectives
“Blue Zones” (BZs) are regions with exceptionally high numbers of longevous inhabitants. Several factors have been suggested to promote longevity in BZs, but the evidence generally does not meet scientific quality criteria. We aimed to characterize a municipality as a “relative BZ,” satisfying 3 criteria: compared to other municipalities, more exceptionally longevous inhabitants, a higher life expectancy, and a more stable population.

Research Design and Methods
The population-based Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam has been ongoing since 1992 in 11 municipalities across the Netherlands with 3- or 4-yearly measurement waves. Using all available waves, we included 39 genetic, personal, sociocultural, and environmental characteristics.

Results
One municipality satisfied the 3 BZ criteria. In comparison with participants in other municipalities in the same province and other provinces in the Netherlands, BZ-participants more often had a polygenic risk score linked to longevity, smoked less, consumed less alcohol and more fruit, biked more minutes, did more often paid work, practiced singing more often, attached higher importance to religion, and lived in a more walkable and livable environment. In contrast, BZ-participants had a slower walking speed, more depressive symptoms, felt less purpose in life, had a larger waist circumference, walked and did sports less often, consumed less vegetables, and exchanged less instrumental support. Other indicators of their physical and mental health and social connectedness did not substantially differ from non-BZ-participants.

Discussion and Implications
Rather than clues to healthy aging, our findings suggest factors conducive to longevity regardless of impaired health.
Counting everyone: evidence for inclusive measures of disability in federal surveys
Authors: Hall Jean P , Goddard Kelsey S , Ipsen Catherine , Myers Andrew , Kurth Noelle K 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The US Census Bureau has used the American Community Survey six-question set (ACS-6) to identify disabled people since 2008. In late 2023, the Census Bureau proposed changes to these questions that would have reduced disability prevalence estimates by 42%. Because these estimates inform funding and programs that support the health and independence of people with disabilities, many disability researchers and advocates feared this change in data collection would lead to reductions in funding and services. While the Census has paused—but not ruled out—the proposed changes, it is critical that alternate, more inclusive disability questions be identified and tested. We used data from the 2023/2024 National Survey on Health and Disability to explore alternative questions to identify disabled people in national surveys. A single broad question about conditions identified 11.2% more people with disabilities, and missed significantly fewer people with psychiatric disabilities compared to the current ACS-6 questions. A combination of a broad question and the existing ACS-6 questions may be necessary to more accurately and inclusively identify people with disabilities.
‘Does God toss logistic coins?’ and other questions that motivate regression by composition
Authors: Daniel Rhian M , Farewell Daniel M , Huitfeldt Anders 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Regression by composition is a new and flexible toolkit for building and understanding statistical models. Focusing here on regression models for a binary outcome conditional on a binary treatment and other covariates, we motivate the need for regression by composition. We do this first by exhibiting—using L’Abbé plots—the families of relationships between untreated and treated conditional outcome risks that emerge from generalized linear models for many different link functions. These are compared with the relationships (between untreated and treated risks) that arise from mechanistic sufficient component cause models, which are first principles causal models for binary outcomes. By considering mechanistic models that allow for non-monotone causal effects and by allowing sufficient causes to be associated, we expand upon similar discussions in the recent literature. We discuss conditions under which commonly used statistical models for binary data, such as logistic regression, arise from mechanistic models where the sufficient causes are associated in a particular way, as well as other situations in which the statistical models arising do not correspond to a generalized linear model but can be naturally expressed as a regression by composition model.
Gravitational waves from mergers of Population III binary black holes: roles played by two evolution channels
Authors: Liu Boyuan , Hartwig Tilman , Sartorio Nina S , Dvorkin Irina , Costa Guglielmo , Santoliquido Filippo , Fialkov Anastasia , Klessen Ralf S , Bromm Volker 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The gravitational wave (GW) signal from binary black hole (BBH) mergers is a promising probe of Population III (Pop III) stars. To fully unleash the power of the GW probe, one important step is to understand the relative importance and features of different BBH evolution channels. We model two channels, isolated binary stellar evolution (IBSE) and nuclear star cluster-dynamical hardening (NSC-DH), in one theoretical framework based on the semi-analytical code a-sloth, under various assumptions on Pop III initial mass function (IMF), initial binary statistics and high-z nuclear star clusters (NSCs). The NSC-DH channel contributes $\sim 8\!-\!95{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$ of Pop III BBH mergers across cosmic history, with higher contributions achieved by initially wider binary stars, more top-heavy IMFs, and more abundant high-z NSCs. The dimensionless stochastic GW background (SGWB) produced by Pop III BBH mergers has peak values $\Omega ^{\rm peak}_{\rm GW}\sim 10^{-11}\!-\!8\times 10^{-11}$ around observer-frame frequencies $\nu \sim 10\!-\!100\ \rm Hz$. The Pop III contribution can be a non-negligible ($\sim 2\!-\!32{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$) component in the total SGWB at $\nu \lesssim 10\ \rm Hz$. The estimated detection rates of Pop III BBH mergers by the Einstein Telescope are $\sim 6\!-\!230$ and $\sim 30\!-\!1230\ \rm yr^{-1}$ for the NSC-DH and IBSE channels, respectively. Pop III BBH mergers in NSCs are more massive than those from IBSE, so they dominate the Pop III SGWB below 20 Hz in most cases. Besides, the detection rate of Pop III BBH mergers involving at least one intermediate-mass BH above $100\ \rm M_\odot$ by the Einstein Telescope is $\sim 0.5\!-\!200\ \rm yr^{-1}$ in NSCs but remains below $0.1\ \rm yr^{-1}$ for IBSE.
Influence of the Lense–Thirring effect on stellar orbits around a spinning supermassive black hole
Authors: Tomar Yashvardhan , Dinh Cuc , Li Gongjie , Lin Douglas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Rotating supermassive black holes drive Lense–Thirring (LT) effects, which induce orbit nodal and eccentricity vector precession in their vicinity. Typically, these relativistic effects are quite small, but for the case of close-in orbits that are additionally perturbed by an outer intermediate-mass companion (IMC), we show that the LT effects can lead to markedly different dynamical behaviour. Using REBOUND N-body simulations, we show that resonances occur considering both the LT effect and secular perturbations from the IMC, and it can excite the inclination of the orbits, an order of magnitude higher than that achieved solely due to secular three-body effects. We also examine the sensitivity of the inclination growth on the profile of the IMC and find that the excitation is highest for a companion to supermassive black hole (SMBH) mass ratio of 1:1000 and for companions that orbit the SMBH on closer-in orbits. In addition, we investigate how varying the spin direction of the SMBH affects the inclination of the orbits. We find no excitation in the eccentricity of the orbits since the resonance is on the nodal angle, and the fast precession suppresses Kozai cycles. Finally, we note how the LT effect reduces the stability of the three-body system, enhancing the scattering rate between the test particles and the IMC, and thus making disruption events more likely in the system.
Safety of a short-term infusion of fosnetupitant in patients with gastrointestinal and breast cancer: a prospective study
Authors: Nakata Akinobu , Hashimoto Naoya , Narita Yukiya , Wakabayashi Munehiro , Kodama Hiroyuki , Ogata Takatsugu , Honda Kazunori , Masuishi Toshiki , Taniguchi Hiroya , Kadowaki Shigenori , Ando Masashi , Endo Yuka , Kotani Haruru , Kataoka Ayumi , Hattori Masaya , Yoshimura Akiyo , Sawaki Masataka , Nozawa Kazuki , Oze Isao , Iwata Hiroji , Muro Kei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Fosnetupitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, is used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients undergoing highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC) or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC). Previous phase III trials demonstrated the non-inferiority of its 30-minute infusion to fosaprepitant in efficacy and a favorable safety profile.

Methods
This was a single-arm, phase II study to investigate the safety of a 15-minute infusion of fosnetupitant in patients with gastrointestinal and breast cancer. Patients who had received their dose of fosnetupitant in a 30-minute infusion without developing an allergic reaction were eligible and received their next fosnetupitant dose for 15 minutes. The primary endpoint was the incidence of an allergic reaction during the first 15-minutes infusion, and the secondary endpoints were the incidence of injection site reaction (ISR), the incidence of a grade ≥ 3 treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) with fosnetupitant, and complete response (CR) rate.

Results
The study period was from February 17, 2023 to June 20, 2023. In an exploratory analysis, medical records from the end of the study period to December 31, 2023 were retrospectively evaluated to assess the time-saving effect and safety of the short-term infusion of fosnetupitant. Fifty-six patients with gastrointestinal and 14 patients with breast cancer were enrolled, one of whom with breast cancer did not receive study treatment at her own request. No allergic reactions occurred during the 15-minutes infusion. Furthermore, there were no allergic reactions across all 280 short-term injections (Table 1). Additionally, no ISR or grade 3 or higher TRAE were reported. The CR rate was 87.0%.

Conclusion
Short-term infusion of fosnetupitant, administered over 15 minutes, was demonstrated to be safe and effective for patients receiving HEC or MEC (Japan Registry of Clinical Trials Trial ID: jRCT1041220144).
Tamsulosin and Time to Spontaneous Void After Hysterectomy
Authors: Gabra Martina , Hall Christine , McCann Lelan , Shah Jeenal , Jones Ismael , Masjedi Aaron , Runke Stephanie , Hsu Chiu-Hsieh , Aguirre Andrea 
Published: September 2024

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether a single preoperative dose of tamsulosin reduces the time to postoperative void and time to discharge in patients who are undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy.

METHODS:
This single-center, block-randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind superiority trial evaluated the effect of 0.4 mg tamsulosin compared with placebo on the time to void after hysterectomy. Patients who underwent outpatient minimally invasive hysterectomy were randomized to a single dose of tamsulosin or placebo 1 hour before surgery. All participants underwent a standardized backfill void trial to eliminate discrepancies in bladder volume that would otherwise affect the time to void. For our primary aim, we planned to enroll 150 participants to show a 30-minute reduction in the time to postoperative void (80% power, α<0.05). The secondary aim was to compare the time to discharge from the postanesthesia care unit.

RESULTS:
From June 2021 through January 2023, 344 patients were screened, and 150 were included in the final data analysis: 77 in the tamsulosin group and 73 in the placebo group. The time to spontaneous void was not different between the tamsulosin and placebo groups (106 minutes vs 100 minutes, P=.5). In addition, there was no statistical difference in time to discharge from the postanesthesia care unit (144 minutes vs 156 minutes, P=.4). Demographics and surgical details were not different between each group.

CONCLUSION:
A single dose of tamsulosin preoperatively does not lead to a decrease in postoperative time to void or time to discharge in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for benign conditions.

CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION:

ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04859660.
Hybrid Fixation for Large Unstable Juvenile Osteochondritis Dissecans Lesions: Midterm Results in Adolescent Patients With Completely or Partially Salvageable Progeny Fragment
Authors: Masquijo Javier , Sanchez Ortiz Milca , Penafort Felipe , Marangoni Lucas 
Published: September 2024

Background:
This study aimed to describe the midterm clinical and radiographic outcomes of a hybrid fixation technique (HFT) combining interfragmentary compression with screws and biological support provided by the osteochondral autograft transplantation system (OATS) for treating large unstable juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD) lesions involving the knee in patients aged ≤18 years.

Methods:
Thirteen patients (15 knees, 9 males) with unstable JOCD lesions in the knee underwent treatment. HFT was indicated for lesions that had a completely salvageable (N=10) or partially salvageable progeny fragment (N=5). Patients were evaluated at a minimum follow-up of 1 year. The mean age of the patients was 15.3 years (range, 11 to 18 y), with 10 lesions involving the medial femoral condyle and 5 involving the lateral femoral condyle. The mean lesion area were 397.7 mm2. The outcome measures included the Pedi-IKDC and Tegner activity scales. Radiographic evaluation consisted of assessing osteochondral graft integration using the MOCART score on MRI and determining the degree of osteoarthritis using the Kellgren-Lawrence system (KL).

Results:
At a mean follow-up of 51 months (range, 12 to 143 mo), the mean Pedi-IKDC and Tegner activity scale were 90.1±7.2 and 94.7±6.7 points, respectively. Patients with unilateral lesions resumed sports activities on average after 7.7 months (range, 6 to 12 mo). All patients exhibited progeny fragment integration on MRI, with a mean MOCART score of 85±6.5 (range, 75 to 95). Radiographs indicated grade 1 KL joint space in 13 knees and grade 2 in 2 knees. At the last follow-up, 12 patients were asymptomatic, whereas 1 patient experienced occasional mild discomfort during intense physical activity. Six patients required additional surgery for hardware removal, and 1 patient underwent intra-articular loose body removal.

Conclusion:
The hybrid fixation technique showed promising outcomes in terms of fragment healing and midterm results for unstable JOCD lesions. These findings suggest that HFT can be considered a valid treatment option for large unstable lesions involving the femoral condyles of the knee in adolescents.

Study Design:
Therapeutic study (level of evidence IV).