bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Where Have All the Sulfur Atoms Gone? Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon as a Possible Sink for the Missing Sulfur in the Interstellar Medium. I. The C–S Band Strengths
Authors: Yang X. J. , Hua Lijun , Li Aigen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Despite its biogenic and astrochemical importance, sulfur (S), the 10th most abundant element in the interstellar medium (ISM) with a total abundance of S/H ≈ 2.2 × 10−5, largely remains undetected in molecular clouds. Even in the diffuse ISM where S was previously often believed to be fully in the gas phase, in recent years, observational evidence has suggested that S may also be appreciably depleted from the gas. What might be the dominant S reservoir in the ISM remains unknown. Solid sulfides like MgS, FeS, and SiS2 are excluded as major S reservoirs due to the nondetection of their expected infrared spectral bands in the ISM. In this work, we explore the potential role of sulfurated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules—PAHs with sulfur heterocycles (PASHs)—as a sink for the missing S. Utilizing density function theory, we compute the vibrational spectra of 18 representative PASH molecules. It is found that these molecules exhibit a prominent C–S stretching band at ∼10 μm and two relatively weak C–S deformation bands at 15 and 25 μm that are not mixed with the nominal PAH bands at 6.2, 7.7, 8.6, 11.3, and 12.7 μm. If several parts per million of S (relative to H) are locked up in PAHs, the 10 μm C–S band would be detectable by Spitzer and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). To quantitatively explore the amount of S/H depleted in PASHs, a detailed comparison of the infrared emission spectra of PASHs with the Spitzer and JWST observations is needed.
Galaxy Assembly Bias in the Stellar-to-halo Mass Relation for Red Central Galaxies from SDSS
Authors: Oyarzún Grecco A. , Tinker Jeremy L. , Bundy Kevin , Xhakaj Enia , Wyithe J. Stuart B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report evidence of galaxy assembly bias—the correlation between galaxy properties and biased secondary halo properties at fixed halo mass (M
H)—in the stellar-to-halo mass relation for red central galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In the M
H = 1011.5–1013.5
h
−1
M
⊙ range, central galaxy stellar mass (M
*) is correlated with the number density of galaxies within 10 h
−1 Mpc (δ
10), a common proxy for halo formation time. This galaxy assembly bias signal is also present when M
H, M
*, and δ
10 are substituted with group luminosity, galaxy luminosity, and metrics of the large-scale density field. To associate differences in δ
10 with variations in halo formation time, we fitted a model that accounts for (1) errors in the M
H measured by the J. L. Tinker group catalog and (2) the level of correlation between halo formation time and M
* at fixed M
H. Fitting of this model yields that (1) errors in M
H are ∼0.15 dex and (2) halo formation time and M
* are strongly correlated (Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient ∼0.85). At fixed M
H, variations of ∼0.4 dex in M
* are associated with ∼1–3 Gyr variations in halo formation time and galaxy formation time (from stellar population fitting). These results are indicative that halo properties other than M
H can impact central galaxy assembly.
The Velocity Dispersion Function for Quiescent Galaxies in Massive Clusters from IllustrisTNG
Authors: Sohn Jubee , Geller Margaret J. , Borrow Josh , Vogelsberger Mark 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We derive the central stellar velocity dispersion function (VDF) for quiescent galaxies in 280 massive clusters with

log
(

M
200

/

M
⊙

)
>
14

in IllustrisTNG300. The VDF is an independent tracer of the dark matter mass distribution of subhalos in galaxy clusters. Based on the IllustrisTNG cluster catalog, we select quiescent member subhalos with a specific star formation rate <2 × 10−11 yr−1 and stellar mass

log
(

M
*

/

M
⊙

)
>
9

. We then simulate fiber spectroscopy to measure the stellar velocity dispersion of the simulated galaxies; we compute the line-of-sight velocity dispersions of star particles within a cylindrical volume that penetrates the core of each subhalo. We construct the VDFs for quiescent subhalos within R
200. The simulated cluster VDF exceeds the simulated field VDF for

log

σ

*

>
2.2

, indicating the preferential formation of large velocity dispersion galaxies in dense environments. The excess is similar in simulations and in the observations. We also compare the simulated VDF for the three most massive clusters with

log
(

M
200

/

M
⊙

)
>
15

with the observed VDF for the two most massive clusters in the local Universe, Coma and A2029. Intriguingly, the simulated VDFs are significantly lower for

log

σ

*

>
2.0

. This discrepancy results from (1) a smaller number of subhalos with

log
(

M
*

/

M
⊙

)
>
10

in TNG300 compared to the observed clusters, and (2) a significant offset between the observed and simulated M
*–σ
* relations. The consistency in the overall shape of the observed and simulated VDFs offers a unique window into galaxy and structure formation in simulations.
Support for Nursing Home Caregivers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Review
Authors: Nkodo Jacques-Alexis , Gana Wassim , Debacq Camille , Aïdoud Amal , Camus Vincent , Leroy Victoire , Fougère Bertrand 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
To review support systems for nursing home caregivers (NHCGs) that were implemented during the first year of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Method
Database searches in PubMed, ScienceDirect, and CINAHL resulted in five publications.

Results
Studies differed in design, interventions, and outcomes. An urgent eye movement desensitization and reprocessing protocol was feasible and effective among nurses in services highly mobilized during the acute phase of the pandemic. The “self-help plus” psychological intervention was not associated with significant reductions in anxiety or posttraumatic symptoms but prompted exploration of non-specific factors influencing its effectiveness. The Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes in Long-Term Care of the Elderly virtual program increased confidence among NHCGs. Self-compassion training was associated with positive changes for certified nursing assistants. Weekly debriefing sessions implemented at one hospital highlighted pathogenic and salutogenic factors.

Conclusion

The COVID-19 pandemic had a marked psychosocial impact on NHCGs and necessitated targeted interventions. Despite their limitations, these promising studies provided insights into potential support avenues. Policy considerations should stress the pivotal role of advanced practice nurses in shaping supportive work environments. Future research should focus on robust assessments of the efficacy of psychosocial interventions for NHCGs facing ongoing challenges posed by the pandemic, and even recurrent viral epidemics. [
Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 50
(10), 24–33.]
Puras e impuras. Modelos de feminidad nacionalcatólicos en torno a las violencias sexuadas en posguerra
Authors: Álvarez Fernández Carlos 
Published: October 2024

Este artículo se propone caracterizar las políticas franquistas dirigidas sobre el cuerpo y la sexualidad de las mujeres, poniendo el acento en el terreno de las agresiones sexuales. El triunfo del bando sublevado supuso la implantación del discurso nacionalcatólico, que clasificó a las mujeres como puras o impuras respectivamente. Dicha oposición de género se manifestó en el terreno judicial de posguerra a través de dos narrativas, la «tesis de la pureza» y la «tesis de la inmoralidad femenina». A través del análisis de documentación de archivo inédita, procedente de Canarias, Soria y País Vasco, así como de publicaciones de Acción Católica de España, entre 1940 y 1945, profundizaré en las construcciones de género católicas dirigidas sobre las mujeres.
De sodomitico uitio accusatus fuit Realidades ocultas tras la acusación formulada contra el obispo Adaulfo II de Iria-Santiago durante la segunda mitad del siglo IX
Authors: Curto Adrados Iván 
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo aspira a explorar las razones ocultas tras la acusación de sodomía que experimentó el obispo don Adaulfo II de Iria-Santiago según el testimonio recogido por la Historia Compostellana. Para ello se prestará atención al contexto sociopolítico del reino asturiano del siglo IX, así como al origen familiar del prelado. Se reabrirá la discusión en torno a la naturaleza conversa del mitrado, al igual que la pertenencia de la aplicación del examen questionis de la legislación goda a su caso. Por último, se descartará como prueba de su ascendencia una supuesta lauda sepulcral asociada erróneamente a su persona.
CT Swirl Sign in intracranial hemorrhage and its association with hematoma expansion
Authors: Bhinder K. K. , Kanwal A. , Naveed A. , Mehboob A. , Ullah F. , Shah M. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction & objective -One of the poor clinical outcomes in intracranial hemorrhage is hematoma expansion. We aimed to determine the association of the swirl sign with hematoma expansion.Methods-Fifty patients with spontaneous intracranial hemorrhage presenting between January 2021 to July 2023 who underwent an initial CT at presentation (CT1) and follow up CT (CT2) within next 96 hours at our hospital were retrospectively identified. The swirl sign was identified on non-contrast CT. The haematoma volume in initial and repeated CTs were calculated and correlated with descriptive analysis. Results -Amongst total of 50 patients, swirl sign was positive in 10 patients (20%) and negative in 40 patients (80%). In patients having swirl sign, mean age was 38 years. Mean initial and follow up hematoma volumes were 25.49 ml and 47.79 ml respectively. Significant hematoma expansion was noted with an approximate 88% increase in volume. In patients without swirl sign, mean age was 49 years. Mean initial and follow up hematoma volumes were 28.55 ml and 24.96 ml with no significant increase in hematoma volume.Conclusions-Thus, swirl sign is associated with hematoma expansion in patients with intracranial hemorrhage and can be used as a predictor of functional outcome of patients. Hematoma expansion must be kept in mind while reporting CTs of patients having swirl sign.
Radiation dose of abdominopelvic Computed Tomography: an audit at a tertiary care children&rsquo;s hospital in Sri&nbsp; Lanka
Authors: Wadige K. N. H. , Rangana M. A. D. , Fernando J. , Samarasinghe N. 
Published: October 2024

Computed tomography (CT) is a vital imaging modality for accurate diagnosis and follow-up of various abdominopelvic conditions. Quantitative lifetime radiation risk is higher in children than adults. This study aimed to assess the radiation dose of abdominopelvic computed tomography (CTAP) at the Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children (LRH), Colombo Sri Lanka. A retrospective analysis of CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP) of CTAP in 150 patients with 30 patients in each weight category was conducted. Median values of DLP and CTDIvol quantities for each weight category were compared with international diagnostic reference levels (DRL). The median values of CTDIvol and DLP for the weight group <5kg were 2.9 mGy and 68.4 mGycm, 5<15kg were 3.8 mGy and 101.6 mGycm, 15<30kg were 5.1 mGy and 181.7 mGycm, 30<50kg were 8.5 mGy and 293.4 mGycm and 50<80kg were 13.7 mGy and 638.6 mGycm. DRL values in our institution were higher than the international values in some countries. A higher difference in DLP than CTDIvol indicates the possibility of further dose reduction at our institution by reducing scan length and/or the number of multiphasic studies. Further studies are needed including multicenter studies to establish national DRL and optimize the radiation dose nationwide.
The relationship between fasting duration and sonographic volumes of the gallbladder and the bladder in patients attending radiology departments in Kuliypitiya urban area, Sri Lanka
Authors: Gamage R. S. , Nalaka T. D. K. , Hettiarachchi P. 
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives - Patients are requested to keep fasting prior to abdominal ultrasonography, and a full bladder is requested for pelvic ultrasound. Adherence to these preparation protocols is considered crucial for diagnostic outcomes. Understanding the rationale behind these protocols is important for health care workers. This study aimed to explore effect of fasting and sonographic volumes of the gallbladder and bladder.Method - A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2023 to December 2023 at the Teaching Hospital and a Private Hospital in the Kuliyapitiya urban area, SRI Lanka to explore the link between fasting duration and the sonographic volumes of the gallbladder and bladder in patients aged 18-60 years. Individuals with pre-existing organ conditions were excluded. A total of 186 participants undergoing sonographic examinations were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data was collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire and a clinical record sheet. Results - We found positive correlations between fasting duration and the volumes of the gallbladder (r = 0.216) and bladder (r = 0.246). Patients informed about preparation protocols had significantly higher bladder volumes compared to those who were uninformed.Conclusion - The research highlights the physiological impacts of fasting on the gallbladder and bladder volumes, underscoring the importance of patient preparation guidelines before sonographic examinations.
Anatomical variations of the hepatic artery in patients who undergo Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography (CECT) abdomen at a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.
Authors: Nikapitiya B. S. , Pussepitiya D. M. U. R. K. 
Published: October 2024

Background and objective- Research on hepatic arterial anatomy is pivotal due to its clinical relevance for hepato-biliary interventions. Evidence on variant anatomy of hepatic vasculature is scarce in Sri Lanka. We aimed to assess the anatomical variations of the hepatic artery using Michel’s classification and determine their association with gender and ethnicity. Methods- Patients above the age of five years who underwent CECT abdomen in arterial phase from August to December 2023 were consecutively recruited. CECT images were analysed, and recorded with socio-demographic information of the patients. Chi-square tests were used to compare proportions. Results- Among 139 participants, the majority were males (51.8%), middle-aged (54.7%) and Sinhalese (81.3%). 24.5% showed an anatomical variation of the hepatic artery. The most common variant patterns were replaced left hepatic artery (7.2%), replaced right hepatic artery (5%) and common hepatic artery arising from superior mesenteric artery (3.6%). Females had a 13% increased chance for hepatic artery variations compared to males, but this association was not statistically significant (p=0.73). Tamil participants recorded the highest proportion of variant anatomy (33%) but the differences between ethnicities were not significant (p=0.66). Only one participant showed an atypical distribution that did not match Michel’s categories. Conclusions- Variant hepatic arterial anatomy in this Sri Lankan clinical population largely tallied the global prevalence but with different patterns. Further research is needed into the gender- and ethnic- differences and atypical variations identified by this study.
Utilizing artificial neural network system to predict the residual valve after endoscopic posterior urethral valve ablation
Authors: Shirazi Mehdi , Jahanabadi Zahra , Ahmed Faisal , Goodarzi Davood , Hesam Abadi Alimohammad Keshtvarz , Askarpour Mohammad Reza , Shirazi Sania 
Published: October 2024

Purpose: To build, train, and assess the artificial neural network (ANN) system in estimating the residual valve rate after endoscopic valve ablation and compare the data obtained with conventional analysis. Methods: In a retrospective cross-sectional study between June 2010 and December 2020, 144 children with a history of posterior urethral valve (PUV) who underwent endoscopic valve ablation were enrolled in the study. MATLAB software was used to design and train the network in a feed-forward backpropagation error adjustment scheme. Preoperative and postoperative data from 101 patients (70%) (training set) were utilized to assess the impact and relative significance of the necessity for repeated ablation. The validated suitably trained ANN was used to predict repeated ablation in the next 33 patients (22.9%) (test set) whose preoperative data were serially input into the system. To assess system accuracy in forecasting the requirement for repeat ablation, projected values were compared to actual outcomes. The likelihood of predicting the residual valve was calculated using a three-layered backpropagating deep ANN using preoperative and postoperative information. Results: Of 144 operated cases, 33 (22.9%) had residual valves and needs to repeated ablation. The ANN accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for predicting the residual valve were 90.75%, 92.73%, and 73.19%, respectively. Younger age at surgery, hyperechogenicity of the renal parenchyma, presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and grade of reflux before surgery were among the most significant characteristics that affected postoperative outcome variables, the need for repeated ablation, and were given the highest relative weight by the ANN system. Conclusions: The ANN is an integrated data-gathering tool for analyzing and finding relationships among variables as a complex non-linear statistical model. The results indicate that ANN is a valuable tool for outcome prediction of the residual valve after endoscopic valve ablation in patients with PUV.
Electromagnetic stimulation to reduce the hypertonia of the pelvic floor muscles and improve chronic pelvic pain in women
Authors: Mondaini Nicola , Gacci Mauro , Cai Tommaso , Lotti Francesco , Li Marzi Vincenzo , Crocerossa Fabio , Cantiello Francesco , Tanguenza Sara , Comito Alessandra , Fusco Irene , Pennati Beatrice , Damiano Rocco 
Published: October 2024

Background: The increased hypertonicity or activity of pelvic floor muscles can lead to chronic pelvic pain (CPP). It represents an aspecific and persistent pain with no apparent clinical reason, affecting an estimated 6% to 16% of women worldwide. This study aimed to evaluate with validated questionnaires the efficacy and the safeness of a new device that uses Top flat Magnetic Stimulation for the management of muscular hypertonia in women with CCP. Methods: All patients underwent 8 treatments with a non-invasive electromagnetic therapeutic device. The device produces a TOP Flat Magnetic Stimulation with a uniform profile so, the muscle work aims to reduce pain while also inhibiting muscle activity. The PISQ-12 questionnaire was used for the evaluation of improvements. Side effects were monitored. Results: The PISQ-12 total mean score decreases from 29,2 (±3.3) to 17 (±2). Regarding the behavioural–emotive items (1-4), a decrease from 12 (±2) to 7 (±0.9) was visible. Physical items (5-9) decrease from 10,6 (±1.8) to 6 (±1.4) and the Partner Related items (10-12) from 6,6 (±1.6) to 3,9 (±0.4). Conclusions: The device we used in this research demonstrated to be a valid solution for the treatment of chronic pelvic pain in female patients.
Assessment of Perceived Diversity and Inclusivity of Athletic Training Textbooks
Authors: Ostrowski Jennifer , Wilkenfeld David , Strouse Alissa , Montgomery Johnpatrick 
Published: October 2024

Context
Adopting diverse perspectives is increasingly important for athletic trainers (ATs) to provide care that fosters inclusion for all patients. Despite the NATA’s commitment to diversity, NATA membership remains approximately 80% White. Additionally, although ATs work with people from ethnically diverse backgrounds with unique body expression and body-size characteristics, it is unknown whether athletic training textbooks represent this diversity.

Objective
To investigate diversity characteristics of images including patients and clinicians within athletic training textbooks.

Design
Cross-sectional study.

Patients or Other Participants
Twenty percent (n = 15) of athletic training and health care textbooks included on the Board of Certification reference list were selected. Twenty percent of chapters from those textbooks were then randomly selected for inclusion.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Descriptive statistics were calculated for person (athlete, nonathlete, clinician), setting (athletic venue, clinic, physician office, other), and demographic categories (perceived skin tone, race/ethnicity, age, gender, body size, body expression). Chi-square tests of goodness of fit were performed to determine significant differences between categories, and χ2 tests of independence were performed to determine differences across person type and category and across textbook domain and category.

Results
One thousand six hundred sixty-seven people were assessed from 1190 images. Images depicted statistically more persons with light skin tone (86%) assumed to be White (86%), young adults (75%) of average weight (95%), with no body expression diversity (95%). There were no major differences in subject characteristic majorities across person type or textbook domain.

Conclusions
Like other health care professions, a lack of image diversity was demonstrated within athletic training textbooks. To better recruit diverse students to the athletic training profession, and to prepare professional students to provide culturally competent and patient-centered care, these resources should better represent the diversity of ATs and their patients.
Analytic philosophy and scriptural interpretations
Authors: Antombikums Aku S. 
Published: October 2024

The task of interpreting the Holy Scriptures has been a daunting enterprise throughout the history of the Church. This article explores how analytic philosophy could be promising in biblical interpretation. Notwithstanding the suspicion related to analytic philosophy, this article argues that analytic philosophy could creatively aid the interpretation of the Holy Scripture. My interest is in how its focus on coherence and clarity of description could add force to making sense of the truth claims of the Bible. I argue that when used creatively, analytic philosophy holds excellent prospects for biblical interpretation, especially in distinguishing between the presupposition of the message of a Bible text and the presupposition of the interpreter.Contribution: The article argues that the omission of the Hebrew Bible from academic discussion in fields like political philosophy or psychology and mainstream philosophy because it is considered a product of revelation that must not be approached using reasoning is a false dichotomy because, in the Scriptures, we find God inviting us to reasoning.
Andro*-Superiorism: Anti-Female* Thought and the superhuman fallacy in western canonical philosophy
Authors: Freter Bjorn 
Published: October 2024

Most of the existing histories of Western philosophy are to be considered incomplete and even incorrect because of an inherent andro*-superiorist bias. The (epistemic) violence of this exclusion has been irrefutably demonstrated by mostly female* philosophers. This study analyzes the nature of the misogyn*y of the male* philosophers and suggests new concepts to describe this (epistemic) violence more precisely, namely the concept of superiorism and the superhuman fallacy. Superiorism is understood as an inability and/or unwillingness to accept the Other. Superiorism arises when the fallacy is committed, i.e. when a normative difference between human beings is introduced. In the final section, the practice of desuperiorization is outlined. Desuperiorization is to be understood as the philosophical practice allowing us to develop the capability and willingness to accept otherness sui generis. To desuperiorize philosophy means to consciously and practically unwant all privileges which derive from the pseudo-superiority of the male* human being.