bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DETEKSI BAKTERI PATOGEN TERBAWA BENIH AKOR (ACACIA AURICULIFORMIS A. CUNN. EX BENTH.)
Authors: Suharti Tati , Joko Tri , Arwiyanto Triwidodo 
Published: August 2017

Detection of seed-borne pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle (Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex enth.). Intensive research of seed-borne pathogen of A. mangium and A. crassicarpa which have been established in industrial timber estate (HTI) was undertaken in Indonesia, while plantings development of northern black wattle have recently been established in the 1990s. Very limited information available on northern black wattle diseases especially seed-borne diseases. The objectives of this study were to identify seed-borne pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle and the effects on seed germination. Methods for the isolation of bacteria were by seed soaking, seed griding, blotter test, growing-on test on paper and soil. Identification of bacteria by PCR used 63F/1387R primer. The results showed that seed-borne bacteria of northern black wattle were Paenochrobactrum sp., Ralstonia sp., Burkholderia cepacia complex, Pseudomonas stutzeri, Acinetobacter sp., Alcaligenes faecalis, Salmonella bongori, Escherichia hermannii while pathogenic bacteria cause seedling leafspot were Micrococcus luteus and Burkholderia cepacia complex. Burkholderia cepacia complex, A. faecalis, Acinetobater sp., P. stutzeri, S. bongori and Ralstonia sp. reduced seed germination and increased rotten seed, suggested that they were the pathogenic bacteria of northern black wattle seed. Ralstonia sp. significantly increased the percentage of rotten seed and decreased shoot length and root length. P. stutzeri and S. bongori significantly inhibited the root growth. Paenochrobactrum sp. and E. hermannii were assumed as pathogen with weak virulence due to seed germination, the percentage of rotten seed and vigour index were relatively similar to untreated seed.
Darío Villanueva, "El Jarama" de Sánchez Ferlosio, su estructura y sifnificado. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 1973; 167 pp.
Authors: Joly Monique 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: "El Jarama" de Sánchez Ferlosio, su estructura y sifnificado.
Pilar Almoina de Carrera, Diez romances hispanos en la tradición oral venezolana. Instituto de Investigaciones Literarias, Facultad de Humanidades y Educación, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, s. f.; 136 pp.
Authors: Díaz Roig Mercedes 
Published: August 2017

Se reseñó el libro: Diez romances hispanos en la tradición oral venezolana.
A questão dos migrantes na Europa em perspectiva de análise com as categorias vida nua e estado de exceção de Agamben
Authors: Rosa Aléssio Da , Ruiz Castor Marí Martin Bartolomé 
Published: August 2017

O presente artigo se propõe a esboçar algumas chaves de leitura para uma possível interpretação da questão dos migrantes que chegam à Europa em perspectiva de análise com as categorias vida nua e estado de exceção de Agamben. Sabe-se que o drama dos migrantes torna-se a cada dia uma causa humanitária de enorme proporção, que ultrapassa em muito os desafios de cruzar o mediterrâneo em precárias embarcações ou receber alguma alimentação e cuidados médicos pontuais quando aportam no continente europeu. Agamben denuncia por meio, das categorias vida nua e estado exceção, a urgência de uma tomada de decisão frente ao drama humano que aí está. Como apontar um caminho plausível frente ao desafio de milhares de pessoas de todas as idades que fogem aos horrores das guerras e da fome dos seus respectivos países em direção ao velho continente em busca de refúgio e uma chance de retomar as suas vidas? Certamente erguer cercas, cercar as fronteiras, impedir que aportem na costa europeia os milhares de migrantes, não será uma solução plausível para o êxodo humanitário que se apresenta em nossos dias, com inúmeras perdas ao longo da travessia do mar mediterrâneo. A figura do migrante ou refugiado interpela a quebra de um paradigma preconceituoso e xenofóbico, em vista de uma causa humanitária que requer uma ação efetiva que possa devolver a dignidade, estampada no rosto humano do migrante portador de direitos à uma vida digna e autêntica em uma nova pátria. Vida nua e estado de exceção, são conceitos estratégicos para denunciar os dispositivos de controle biopolíticos contemporâneos expressos por meio de atos de xenofobia e exclusão em seus variados processos de subjetivação do vulnerável, impedindo de emergir a dimensão da ação humana que deverá constituir a política que vem, uma política de integração, de acolhida e ressignificação da vida como plena potência criativa frente ao ser humano tornado exceção e nu em seus direitos e dignidade.
PENGARUH WAKTU PEMANASAN PADA PEMBUATAN SENYAWA ALUM DARI LIMBAH FOIL BLISTER UNTUK KEPERLUAN INDUSTRI FARMASI
Authors: Nugroho Aji , Redjeki Athiek Sri 
Published: August 2017

Pertumbuhan ekonomi di Indonesia semakin meningkat dari tahun ke tahun, tidak terkecuali industri farmasi. Hampir semua industri farmasi dalam pengemasannya menggunakan blister yang didalamnya terdapat unsur aluminium. Padahal, jika berada bebas di lingkungan, dibutuhkan waktu 100 tahun untuk aluminium agar dapat terurai di tanah. Cara terbaik untuk mengatasi limbah aluminium tersebutadalah dengan mendaurulangnya dan mengubahnya menjadi senyawa alum AlK(SO4)2.12H2O. Alum memiliki banyak manfaat, diantaranya sebagai penjernih air dan bahan baku obat di industri farmasi. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan kandungan aluminium dalam limbah foil blister sebagai bahan baku pembuatan senyawa alum tersebut. Foil pertama-tama dipisahkan dan dibersihkan kemudian direaksikan dengan 40 ml kalium hidroksida pada suhu 80oC dengan variabel waktu pemanasan 1 jam, 2 jam, 3 jam, 4 jam, 5 jam dan 6 jam. Setelah proses pemanasan ditambahkan kedalamnya 25 ml H2SO4 6 M sambil diaduk hingga jernih dan berkurang sepertiga volumenya. Larutan kemudian didinginkan hingga terbentuk kristal alum. Kristal alum yang terbentuk dikeringkan dengan bantuan etanol dan ditimbang. Dari penelitian didapat bahwa semakin lama waktu pemanasan maka semakin tinggi rendemen yang diperoleh. Waktu optimum pemanasan adalah 3 jam dan setelah 3 jam tidak ada perubahan rendemen yang signifikan. Persamaan polinomial hubungan antara waktu pemanasan dengan rendemen alum adalah y = -0,140x2 + 1,203x + 13,82, dimana y adalah rendemen alum dan x adalah waktu pemanasan. Kata kunci : limbah, farmasi, foil, alum
Incidence and Pattern of Adverse Events in Pentavalent Vaccine Recipients in Pune, India
Authors: Patel Barun Bhai , Pandya Kapil Harish , Shrestha Bikal , Kumar Raj , Kotwal Atul 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Safety monitoring of vaccines used in routine programmes on immunization is important in all settings. There is a lot of debate in the country about the relevance of the pentavalent vaccine in general and the Hib component in particular, in view of reports of deaths in children following immunization. This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence and profile of AEFI in children receiving pentavalent vaccine. Methods: A cohort study was conducted between May to Oct 2012, in a tertiary care hospital, Pune. Exposed groups received pentavalent vaccine, while the control received DPT or DPT + Hep B. Both the groups were followed up telephonically after 24 hr, 48 hr, 72 hr and 7 days following vaccination. 175 children in both groups were studied. Convenient sampling was done recruiting consecutive vaccinees till the sample size was achieved. Frequency, percentage, mean difference (T test) and chi square test was used to find associationResults: 100 % children were institutional delivery. In controls, 80 % received DPT and Hep B, rest received only DPT. Fever was present in 76.2 % among exposed and 26.7% among non-exposed. Presence of fever after 1 day following immunization was significantly associated with exposed group (P=0.003). In 19 % exposed group fever continued for 2nd day. Other side effects included swelling (4.8 %) and reduced appetite (4.8 %) among exposed.Conclusion: Pentavalent vaccine does not increase the probability of deaths among the vaccines vis-a-vis nor receivers. The profile of AEFI among both the groups, except fever, is similar as far as frequency and severity is concerned.
Comparison of Azithromycin and Doxycycline in Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Authors: K.C. Kanchan , Thapa Raj Kumar 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) refers to an infectious and inflammatory disorder of the female upper genital tract. It is common among young sexually active individuals and is a major health problem both in the developed and developing countries. It is usually a polymicrobial infection, however, Chlamydia trachomatis (serovars D-K) is the commonest causative agent transmitted sexually. PID is diagnosed basically by history and clinical examination and the treatment is initially empiric. Doxycycline is a good old drug in use for PID and Azithromycin is a new macrolide with promising effects for same. This comparative study aimed to measure efficiency and compliance of once daily for five days Azithromycin with twice a day for 14 days Doxycycline in the treatment of mild, uncomplicated acute PID. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in randomly selected 100 consecutive outpatients with mild uncomplicated acute PID. Comparative outcome of Azithromycin and Doxycycline in correlation with reduction of amount, consistency and malodor of vaginal discharge along with reduction in fornical tenderness, compliance and frequency of adverse drug reactions was done. Comparison of categorical variables was done by chi-square test with p-value <0.05 as statistically significant. Results: Among 100 cases 50 (50%) were treated with tablet Azithromycin and 50 (50%) with tablet Doxycycline. Comparative analysis on reduction of amount, consistency, malodor of vaginal discharge and reduction of fornical tenderness were statistically significant (p < 0.05), showing Azithromycin more effective than Doxycycline. Besides, compliance was better and there were less adverse drug reactions with Azithromycin. Conclusion: Azithromycin has better efficiency and compliance over Doxycycline in the treatment of mild, uncomplicated, acute PID.
Pharmacology Curriculum and Teaching Methods: A Comparative Study Between Two Nursing Programs in A Nepalese College
Authors: Sharma Manoj , Kafle Kumud Kumar 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Pharmacology is one of the basic science subjects included in graduate nursing programs (B. Sc Nursing and Bachelor of Science in Nursing) under Tribhuvan University. Both these programs are being run at our institute. This article describes the evaluation of pharmacology course and teaching methodology at our institute by B. Sc Nursing (B. Sc) and Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BNS) students and also compares students’ views between these two nursing programs to facilitate pedagogical learning. Methods: At the end of the course of 2071-2072 BS academic year of first year nursing students of B. Sc and BNS programs, a structured teaching evaluation questionnaire was designed to obtain students’ view on pharmacology curriculum and lectures. Yates corrected Chi square test was applied whenever necessary and p value considered significant at less than or equal to 0.05.Results: Only 37% B. Sc and 60% BNS students responded that the lecture content was in accordance with the curriculum. Only 52% BNS and 97% B. Sc students found the course content to be relevant and useful. 68% BNS students responded that they have felt a lot improvement in their understanding of pharmacology subject as compared to just 23% of B. Sc students. Majority of the students preferred the LCD mode of presentation.Conclusion: There were minor differences found between opinions of two sets of students. Major need for improvement areas suggested in curriculum were course content not being clear and the objectives being ill defined. Similarly, in relation to facilitator, they have recommended to improve voice clarity.
What humankind can expect with an inversion of Earth’s magnetic field: threats real and imagined
Authors: Tsareva O O , Zelenyi L M , Malova H V , Podzolko M V , Popova E P , Popov V Yu 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Earth’s global magnetic field generated by an internal dynamo mechanism has been continuously changing on different time scales since its formation. Paleodata indicate that relatively long periods of evolutionary changes can be replaced by quick magnetic inversions. Based on observations, Earth’s magnetic field is currently weakening and the magnetic poles are shifting, possibly indicating the beginning of the inversion process. This paper invokes Gauss coefficients to approximate the behavior of Earth’s magnetic field components over the past 100 years. Using the extrapolation method, it is estimated that the magnetic dipole component will vanish by the year 3600 and at that time the geomagnetic field will be determined by a smaller value of a quadrupole magnetic component. A numerical model is constructed which allows evaluating and comparing both galactic and solar cosmic ray fluxes in Earth’s magnetosphere and on its surface during periods of dipole or quadrupole domination. The role of the atmosphere in absorbing particles of cosmic rays is taken into account. An estimate of the radiation danger to humans is obtained for the ground level and for the International Space Station altitude of ∼ 400 km. It is shown that in the most unfavorable, minimum field interval of the inversion process, the galactic cosmic ray flux increases by no more than a factor of three, implying that the radiation danger does not exceed the maximum permissible dose. Thus, the danger of magnetic inversion periods generally should not have fatal consequences for humans and nature as a whole, despite dramatically changing the structure of Earth’s magnetosphere.
Using Long-term Millisecond Pulsar Timing to Obtain Physical Characteristics of the Bulge Globular Cluster Terzan 5
Authors: Prager Brian J. , Ransom Scott M. , Freire Paulo C. C. , Hessels Jason W. T. , Stairs Ingrid H. , Arras Phil , Cadelano Mario 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Over the past decade, the discovery of three unique stellar populations and a large number of confirmed pulsars within the globular cluster Terzan 5 has raised questions over its classification. Using the long-term radio pulsar timing of

ms pulsars in the cluster core, we provide new measurements of key physical properties of the system. As Terzan 5 is located within the galactic bulge, stellar crowding and reddening make optical and near-infrared observations difficult. Pulsar accelerations, however, allow us to study the intrinsic characteristics of the cluster independent of reddening and stellar crowding and probe the mass density profile without needing to quantify the mass-to-light ratio. Relating the spin and orbital periods of each pulsar to the acceleration predicted by a King model, we find a core density of

× 106

pc−3, a core radius of

pc, a pulsar density profile of

, and a total mass of

(

pc) ≃ 3.0 × 105

, assuming a cluster distance of 5.9 kpc. Using this information, we argue against Terzan 5 being a disrupted dwarf galaxy and discuss the possibility of it being a fragment of the Milky Way’s proto-bulge. We also discuss whether low-mass pulsars were formed via electron-capture supernovae or exist in a core full of heavy white dwarfs and hard binaries. Finally, we provide an upper limit for the mass of a possible black hole at the core of the cluster of

.
Automatic Survey-invariant Classification of Variable Stars
Authors: Benavente Patricio , Protopapas Pavlos , Pichara Karim 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Machine learning techniques have been successfully used to classify variable stars on widely studied astronomical surveys. These data sets have been available to astronomers long enough, thus allowing them to perform deep analysis over several variable sources and generating useful catalogs with identified variable stars. The products of these studies are labeled data that enable supervised learning models to be trained successfully. However, when these models are blindly applied to data from new sky surveys, their performance drops significantly. Furthermore, unlabeled data become available at a much higher rate than their labeled counterpart, since labeling is a manual and time-consuming effort. Domain adaptation techniques aim to learn from a domain where labeled data are available, the source domain, and through some adaptation perform well on a different domain, the target domain. We propose a full probabilistic model that represents the joint distribution of features from two surveys, as well as a probabilistic transformation of the features from one survey to the other. This allows us to transfer labeled data to a study where they are not available and to effectively run a variable star classification model in a new survey. Our model represents the features of each domain as a Gaussian mixture and models the transformation as a translation, rotation, and scaling of each separate component. We perform tests using three different variability catalogs, EROS, MACHO, and HiTS, presenting differences among them, such as the number of observations per star, cadence, observational time, and optical bands observed, among others.
The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. II. The Distance to IC 1613: The Tip of the Red Giant Branch and RR Lyrae Period–luminosity Relations*
Authors: Hatt Dylan , Beaton Rachael L. , Freedman Wendy L. , Madore Barry F. , Jang In-Sung , Hoyt Taylor J. , Lee Myung Gyoon , Monson Andrew J. , Rich Jeffrey A. , Scowcroft Victoria , Seibert Mark 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
IC 1613 is an isolated dwarf galaxy within the Local Group. Low foreground and internal extinction, low metallicity, and low crowding make it an invaluable testbed for the calibration of the local distance ladder. We present new, high-fidelity distance estimates to IC 1613 via its Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB) and its RR Lyrae (RRL) variables as part of the Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program, which seeks an alternate local route to H
0 using Population II stars. We have measured a TRGB magnitude

mag using wide-field observations obtained from the IMACS camera on the Magellan-Baade telescope. We have further constructed optical and near-infrared RRL light curves using archival BI- and new H-band observations from the ACS/WFC and WFC3/IR instruments on board the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). In advance of future Gaia data releases, we set provisional values for the TRGB luminosity via the Large Magellanic Cloud and Galactic RRL zero-points via HST parallaxes. We find corresponding true distance moduli

and

mag. We compare our results to a body of recent publications on IC 1613 and find no statistically significant difference between the distances derived from Population I and II stars.
Galaxy Zoo: Major Galaxy Mergers Are Not a Significant Quenching Pathway*
Authors: Weigel Anna K. , Schawinski Kevin , Caplar Neven , Carpineti Alfredo , Hart Ross E. , Kaviraj Sugata , Keel William C. , Kruk Sandor J. , Lintott Chris J. , Nichol Robert C. , Simmons Brooke D. , Smethurst Rebecca J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We use stellar mass functions to study the properties and the significance of quenching through major galaxy mergers. In addition to SDSS DR7 and Galaxy Zoo 1 data, we use samples of visually selected major galaxy mergers and post-merger galaxies. We determine the stellar mass functions of the stages that we would expect major-merger-quenched galaxies to pass through on their way from the blue cloud to the red sequence: (1) major merger, (2) post-merger, (3) blue early type, (4) green early type, and (5) red early type. Based on their similar mass function shapes, we conclude that major mergers are likely to form an evolutionary sequence from star formation to quiescence via quenching. Relative to all blue galaxies, the major-merger fraction increases as a function of stellar mass. Major-merger quenching is inconsistent with the mass and environment quenching model. At

, major-merger-quenched galaxies are unlikely to constitute the majority of galaxies that transition through the green valley. Furthermore, between

, major-merger-quenched galaxies account for 1%–5% of all quenched galaxies at a given stellar mass. Major galaxy mergers are therefore not a significant quenching pathway, neither at

nor within the last 5 Gyr. The majority of red galaxies must have been quenched through an alternative quenching mechanism that causes a slow blue to red evolution.
Very Large Array Multiband Monitoring Observations of M31*
Authors: Yang Yang , Li Zhiyuan , Sjouwerman Loránt O. , Yuan Feng , Shen Zhi-Qiang 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The Andromeda galaxy (M31) hosts one of the nearest and most quiescent supermassive black holes, which provides a rare, but promising opportunity for studying the physics of black hole accretion at the lowest state. We have conducted a multifrequency, multi-epoch observing campaign, using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) in its extended configurations in 2011–2012, to advance our knowledge of the still poorly known radio properties of M31*. For the first time, we detect M31* at 10, 15, and 20 GHz and measure its spectral index, α ≈ −0.45 ± 0.08 (S
ν
∝ ν

α
), over the frequency range of 5–20 GHz. The relatively steep spectrum suggests that the observed radio flux is dominated by the optically thin part of a putative jet, which is located at no more than a few thousand Schwarzschild radii from the black hole. On the other hand, our sensitive radio images show little evidence for an extended component, perhaps except for several parsec-scale “plumes,” the nature of which remains unclear. Our data also reveal significant (a few tens of percent) flux variation of M31* at 6 GHz, on timescales of hours to days. Furthermore, a curious decrease of the mean flux density, by ∼50%, is found between VLA observations taken during 2002–2005 and our new observations, which might be associated with a substantial increase in the mean X-ray flux of M31* starting in 2006.
Pulsar Wind Bubble Blowout from a Supernova
Authors: Blondin John M. , Chevalier Roger A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
For pulsars born in supernovae, the expansion of the shocked pulsar wind nebula is initially in the freely expanding ejecta of the supernova. While the nebula is in the inner flat part of the ejecta density profile, the swept-up, accelerating shell is subject to the Rayleigh–Taylor instability. We carried out two- and three-dimensional simulations showing that the instability gives rise to filamentary structure during this initial phase but does not greatly change the dynamics of the expanding shell. The flow is effectively self-similar. If the shell is powered into the outer steep part of the density profile, the shell is subject to a robust Rayleigh–Taylor instability in which the shell is fragmented and the shocked pulsar wind breaks out through the shell. The flow is not self-similar in this phase. For a wind nebula to reach this phase requires that the deposited pulsar energy be greater than the supernova energy, or that the initial pulsar period be in the ms range for a typical 1051 erg supernova. These conditions are satisfied by some magnetar models for Type I superluminous supernovae. We also consider the Crab Nebula, which may be associated with a low energy supernova for which this scenario applies.