bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
164 Is it time to rethink the communication of physical activity messages with adolescents? Findings from the Active School Flag programme
Authors: Grady Caera , Ng Kwok , Bengoechea Enrique Garcia , Murtagh Elaine , Woods Catherine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The Active School Flag (ASF) is a multi-stage, multi-component, whole-of-school physical activity (PA) programme in Ireland. This study assessed health literacy, PA knowledge, beliefs about consequences of PA and programme awareness among ASF secondary school students. Survey findings prompted an inquiry with ASF programme implementers to explore the communication of PA in the school.

Methods
Seventeen schools were invited to take part. Five schools took part in the survey (Nov 2021) assessing health literacy, knowledge and beliefs about consequences of PA, and programme awareness. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the factors influencing adolescents’ health literacy, 484 students were included in the analysis. Programme implementers from the 17 schools were invited to a focus group at the end of the year (May 2022). Ten schools engaged in the process aiming to understand how PA messages were communicated in the schools. Data were analysed using thematic analysis.

Results
Comparisons between gender(s) showed significant differences for health literacy (p = .002), PA knowledge (p = .021) and beliefs about consequences (p = .007). No significant differences were found for school stage i.e. junior vs senior. The overall model significantly predicted health literacy, F(5, 478) = 56.08, p = &lt;.001. Significant predictors included knowledge of PA (B= .869, p&lt;.001) and beliefs about the consequences (B = 2.34, p&lt;.001). Gender, year group and designated-disadvantage status were not significant predictors of health literacy.
Findings described the manner in which PA messages are communicated in relation to the i) types of communication, ii) the content of the messages, and iii) the mode of delivery. However, disparities between schools highlighted the lack of a clear communication plan.

Conclusions
Low levels of PA knowledge, its’ consequences and health literacy among adolescents in the ASF programme warranted further exploration into the methods used to communicate PA messages in ASF schools. The methods used to communicate PA in Irish secondary schools, varied and a clear communication plan was missing. Further research is needed to improve the communication of PA messages with adolescents and increase levels of knowledge, awareness and health literacy.

Support/funding source
Mayo Education Centre and the Irish Research Council Government of Ireland Postgraduate Scholarship.
135 It’s about time for exercise: the Exercise Participation Explained in Relation to Time (EXPERT) Model
Authors: Healy Sean , Patterson Freda , Biddle Stuart , Dumuid Dorothea , Glorieux Ignace , Olds Tim , Woods Catherine , Bauman Adrian , Gaba Aleš , Herring Matthew , Kastelic Kaja , Lachapelle Ugo , Volpe Stella , Pedisic Željko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
‘Lack of time’ is consistently the most commonly reported barrier to regular exercise participation. However, this term insufficiently captures the complex and multidimensional nature of time. Recognizing the need for a more comprehensive analysis of ‘lack of time’ as a barrier to exercise, in this presentation the authors introduce the Exercise Participation Explained in Relation to Time (EXPERT) model.

Purpose
To present the temporal (time-related) factors relevant to exercise via the Exercise Participation Explained in Relation to Time (EXPERT) model.

Methods
To develop the EXPERT model, the authors used a rigorous sequential process that comprised the following steps. First, an umbrella literature review of time as barrier, determinant, and correlate of exercise was conducted. Second, a targeted review of existing temporal models was completed. Third, the lead author developed a first draft of the EXPERT model, led a series of focused discussions with members of the authorship team to refine the model, and then conducted a Delphi process to solicit pointed feedback and produce the penultimate model. Finally, this penultimate model was shared with a convenience sample of end-users and experts who informed revisions to make the final EXPERT model.

Results
The final EXPERT model factors includes four categories of factors: (1) Temporal needs and preferences for exercise (an individual’s preferences in relation to when they exercise); (2) Temporal autonomy for exercise (an individual’s autonomy in scheduling their free time); (3) Temporal conditions for exercise (an individual’s actual available time for exercise); and, (4) Temporal dimensions of exercise (an individual’s actual use of time for exercise). These four categories include multiple factors which collectively represent an individual’s preferences for, autonomy over, conditions for, and actual use of time for exercise.

Conclusions
The EXPERT model provides a framework that comprehensively explains the temporal factors that relate to exercise participation. This framework can help guide more nuanced assessments of time as a barrier to exercise and help inform novel approaches to mitigate this pervasive and potent barrier to regular exercise engagement.
219 Older Adults’ Experiences of a Peer-led Walking Intervention: A Qualitative Study of the ‘Walk with Me’ Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Adams Michael , Tully Mark , Simpson Liz , Murphy Marie , Hardeman Wendy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Development of effective physical activity interventions for older adults is important in eliciting positive health and well-being outcomes. ‘Walk with Me’ is a community-based, peer-led walking intervention aimed at increasing moderate-vigorous physical activity in older adults living in socio-economically disadvantaged areas. This qualitative study aims to understand participant and mentor experiences of the ‘Walk with Me’ intervention.

Methods
Six participant and four peer-mentor focus groups were conducted immediately post-intervention using semi-structured topic guides. Participants and mentors, all aged 60 years or above, were purposely sampled to reflect the wider demographic of the ‘Walk with Me’ intervention. Sessions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and validated for accuracy by another author. A framework analysis approach is currently being used for coding transcripts. Analysis will be conducted in the following stages: familiarisation with the audio recordings, coding of the transcripts, development of an analytical framework, application of the framework, charting and interpretation of the data. Analysis will explore the similarities and differences in responses across demographic factors.

Preliminary results
A total of 30 participants (19 females and 11 males) and 16 peer-mentors (nine females and seven males) participated in the focus groups. Each focus group session was comprised of between three and nine individuals, and lasted between 35 and 59 minutes. A preliminary analysis of three participant focus group transcripts suggest that the among the key mediators and moderators of walking in this intervention are social support, feelings of accountability, improved self-efficacy, raised awareness and the physical environment. There are indications that behavioural change techniques of goal setting, feedback and monitoring, problem-solving (overcoming barriers) and action planning may have positively contributed to engagement. Perceived barriers and facilitators to participation, perceived outcomes and perceptions of the implementation of key intervention components have also been provisionally identified.

Preliminary Conclusions
The findings are likely to highlight considerations for implementation, the role of key mechanisms and the contextual factors that may have influenced delivery, receipt and enactment of a peer-led walking intervention. It is expected that findings will help propose refinements to the intervention logic model and recommendations that can inform future studies.
230 Optimising Outdoor Recreational Activities in Bali, Indonesia: The Significance of the Cultural Landscape Subak as a Health-Enhancing Environment
Authors: Nilsson Kei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Subak – the terraced rice landscapes of Bali – appears to be more protected and better preserved than the rest of the greenspaces in Indonesia. As one of the first studies of outdoor recreational activities in the cultural landscape subak, this study aims to describe the significance of this environment – which is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site – for the activities to promote and improve health and well-being.

Methods
The study compiled a quantitative questionnaire answered by fifty-eight respondents, five semi-structured in-depth interviews, and a series of participant observations.

Results
Based on mixed methods analyses, the results revealed: (1) outdoor recreational activities in the subak areas have yielded benefits, namely improved cognitive and social skills, as well as an enhanced state of health and well-being, (2) the role of the subak areas in facilitating outdoor recreational activities has shown cognitive, emotional, and behavioural changes in the study participants, and (3) outdoor recreational activities in the subak areas have fostered a more environmentally conscious mindset that helps improve human health and well-being.

Conclusions
This study elucidated possible implications that underlined the activities in the subak as a way to adopt pro-environmental behaviour (PEB) and thereby helped improve human health and well-being, protect the subak environment, and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in the context of this study, particularly SDG 3 Good Health and Well-Being, SDG 11 Sustainable Cities and Communities, and SDG 12 Responsible Consumption and Production. Overall, the mixed methods analysis applied in the study provided new transcendent perspectives that in future research can form the starting point to emphasise the significance of the greenspaces, namely the cultural landscape subak, as a health-enhancing environment for outdoor recreational activities to promote and improve health and well-being.

Funding
The fieldwork was funded by the Swedish government Sida (Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency) through a scholarship of 27,000 SEK.
204 Physical activity insecurity in children and young people at risk of marginalisation: navigating an equitable and safe research experience using co-production principles
Authors: Dodd-Reynolds Caroline , Hall Scarlet , Crowder Mary , Goodyear Victoria , Griffin Naomi , Fairbrother Hannah , Pope Stacey , Scott Steph 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
We recently proposed a new conceptualisation for physical activity (PA) insecurity as ‘a limited or restricted ability to be active, reinforced by worries and experiences of feeling uncomfortable, emotionally or physically unsafe’ (Dodd-Reynolds et al., 2024). We suggested that PA insecurity can be related to disadvantage, lack of inclusivity and may be particularly heightened for LGBTQ+ young people.
The Joyful and Safe Physical Activity “JASPA project” aims to develop recommendations to make physical activity more inclusive and safe for LGBTQ+ young people living with disadvantage, via a series of participatory creative visual methods workshops. At the heart of the project lies a desire to create safe spaces for young people to share their experiences and ideas without exacerbating existing worries and fears. Here we present JASPA as a case study to reflect on how principles of co-production can support physical activity research with young people at risk of marginalisation.

Methods
We adopted NIHR (2021) principles on co-producing a research project: sharing of power, including all perspectives and skills, respecting and valuing knowledge of those working together on the research, reciprocity, and building and maintaining relationships. These principles were front and centre of researcher meetings, building trust with organisations and young people, development of creative visual methods workshops, and analyses.

Results
Challenges and opportunities have been numerous and insightful, including institutional power and parental consent; questioning bounded roles and balance of power across researchers and facilitators, as well as participants/co-researchers; iterative participant-researcher-led fieldwork practices to raise difficult conversations; engaging in continual and necessary reflexivity.

Conclusions
In our experience, co-production can be ‘messy’, time-consuming, costly and demanding for all involved, but also offers real and desirable opportunities for innovation in PA research. Using the JASPA project as a case study, we suggest a range of mechanisms to support this process including building in time to develop relationships and build trust, devising working principles for researchers, and participants/co-researchers, flexible methodological boundaries, and debrief activities.

Funding Source
This study/project is funded/supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School for Public Health Research (SPHR) (Grant Reference Number NIHR 204000).
58 Recreational walking and perceived environmental qualities in Denmark
Authors: Christiansen Lars B , Klein-Wengel Top , Koch Sofie , Høyer-Kruse Jens , Schipperijn Jasper 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of this study is to investigate the variety of motivations behind recreational walking among individuals with diverse sociodemographic backgrounds. Additionally, we aim to employ a dynamic, person-centered approach to assess recreational walking behaviors geographically, along with preferences for the quality of places associated with recreational walking.

Methods
A survey conducted via the map-based platform Maptionnaire included 1838 adult respondents (aged 15-90 years) who engage in recreational walking. Georeferenced data regarding respondents’ home locations, other starting points for walking excursions, and points of interest along their routes were collected. Utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS), distances between home and other starting points, as well as points of interest, were calculated. Traditional questionnaire functions in Maptionnaire were also employed to gather additional information on recreational walking behaviors and motivations.

Results
Predominant motivations for recreational walking included mental well-being, physical health, enjoyment, and experiential aspects of walking. Individuals with tertiary education exhibited a positive correlation with motivations related to mental well-being, experiences, and outdoor activities with pets and children. Higher income levels were associated with experiences, walking with pets, enjoyment of walking, and socializing while walking. Our map-based approach revealed that recreational walking often commences at locations distant from home and is not confined to the immediate neighborhood. A total of 4598 points of interest were identified, with the most frequently cited place qualities being green spaces, water bodies, wildlife, scenic views, and tranquility.

Conclusion
Employing a dynamic, person-centered methodology allowed respondents to pinpoint relevant locations for their walking activities, irrespective of their residential neighborhoods. Recreational walking frequently begins away from home or extends beyond the nearest neighborhood. The median distance from home to mapped points of interest ranged between 1.0 and 1.6 km for home-based trips and between 9.4 and 30.6 km for trips originating from other locations. Greenery, water features, wildlife, scenic views, and tranquility emerged as the most favored place qualities associated with the mapped points.

Support/Funding Source
‘Moving Denmark’ is funded by the Danish philanthropic foundation NordeaFonden (https://nordeafonden.dk/about-nordea-fonden).
118 Can we reasonably recommend strength training twice weekly for the general adult population aged 18-64 years to secure optimal body functionality?
Authors: Simonsen Nina Sjørup , Bilde Jensen Stine , Mogensen Sara Tonni , Skjerning Halfdan Thorsø , Jacobsen Julie Sandell , Andelius Dea Kejlberg , Holt Jessen Nanna , Rasmussen Lene Gissel , Skejø Sebastian , Bueno Solvej Videbæk , Ryom Knud , Kallestrup Per , Christensen Jeanette Reffstrup , Nilsen Rasmus Østergaard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The objective of the study was to conduct a quality assessment of the scientific literature underlying the Danish Health Authorities (DHA) revised recommendations on physical activity (PA), with focus on the new advice on strength training twice a week to secure optimal body functionality in the adult population aged 18-64 years.

Methods
The study was a scoping review. Reviews conducted by the World Health Organization (WHO), the American and Canadian Health Authorities, and evidence referenced in earlier reports from DHA were included for initial review, as DHA refer to these as base for their PA-guideline revision. Studies included in the reviews were title- and abstract screened to assess whether they investigated PA and/or strength training in a population of adults aged 18-64 years. Studies identified through this screening, were furthermore full text screened, and finally included in a quality assessment, if they investigated a strength training intervention in relation to a measure of body functionality. The quality assessment was inspired by STROBE and the Jadad Scale (for observational studies and RCTs respectively) and extended with an assessment of the study’s research goal compliance (causal or predictive) to evaluate the study’s ability to detect eventual effects of the intervention on body functionality.

Results
A total of 25 out of 879 studies identified in the reviews were selected for quality assessment. Great variations in quality were identified, and many studies (13 out of 25) did not achieve 2/3 of potential quality points. The studies generally support strength training as an effective intervention on body functionality. However, 15 of the 16 RCTs investigated a study population with functional limitations, e.g. populations with musculoskeletal disorders, and most studies were based on a study population in the higher end of the age spectrum 18-64 years.

Conclusions
The literature does not clearly support a recommendation on strength training twice weekly for the general adult population to secure optimal body functionality.
The formulation of PA-guidelines should be based on evidence that 1) aims to draw causal conclusions on the effect of the recommended intervention and 2) investigates a population comparable to the target audience.

Funding
None
240 Does fall prevention also have to hinder physical activity?
Authors: Hansson Eva Ekvall , Fänge Agneta Malmgren , Schmidt Steven 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Physical activity is effective for preventing falls and improves physical and mental health, increase function and quality of life. Regarding people at high risk of falling, such as residents at nursing homes, global guidelines recommend individually adapted exercise programs to prevent falls. These guidelines are not followed. We aimed to map out physical activity among people living at a nursing home. To our knowledge, this is the first study measuring physical activity 24 hours per day among residents at a nursing home.

Method
In this pilot study, persons who lived at one nursing home and could walk without a walking aid wore an Inertial Measurement Unit for 24 hours per day for 3 months. Main outcome measure was steps per day. For each participant, the mean steps per day during the period was calculated and for the total group, the median value of the mean steps per day was calculated.

Results
The participants (n = 5), three women and 2 men, 72 to 98 years old, walked in a median of 65 steps per day (10-356).

Conclusion
In Sweden, instead of following guidelines, technical solutions that monitor if a person tries to move are introduced at nursing homes, often in the form of web cameras. This means that falls are prevented by hindering physical activity and making sure the residents do not move at all. Our study shows that people living in nursing homes can have a very low level of physical activity. We call on all responsible organizations to initiate activities and efforts that enable rather than hinder physical activity. For example, use technology that promotes physical activity, build gyms located in nursing homes, use Virtual Reality to make the bike ride seem to take place outside in a beautiful landscape, and employ physiotherapists who can do balance-training exercises on an everyday basis.
215 The Effectiveness of Digital Tools in Physical Activity Interventions for Individuals with Severe Mental Illness: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Forde Shannon Aisling , Coppinger Tara , Rea Susan , Hanrahan Sinéad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Individuals with a severe mental illness (SMI) have lower physical activity (PA) levels and higher sedentary behaviour (SB) than the general population. As a result, they have an elevated risk of cardiovascular and metabolic disease. Participating in PA benefits SMI by improving symptoms, cardiorespiratory fitness, social connectedness, and motivation; helping to reduce bodyweight and SB.
Despite the acknowledged benefits of PA, there are numerous barriers to engagement and participation rates remain low. The integration of a digital tool/s may mitigate these barriers and help increase the PA levels of individuals with SMI. This review aims to determine whether digital tool/s are effective at promoting PA in this population.

Methods
A systematic literature review (SLR) was undertaken in March 2023. A search string was developed around key concepts of SMI, PA, and digital interventions. Seven databases were searched. Additional records obtained via alerts from databases were added between March-September 2023.
Returned records were exported to Rayyan. Duplicates were removed and the remaining articles were divided between the four-member team for title/abstract screening. Full-text screening followed, and quality checks were completed by the team via a standard checklist created on Google Forms. Articles selected for review were exported as a list into Microsoft Excel.

Results
Database searches yielded 1,730 articles, with 24 eligible for inclusion.
Eleven studies found PA to increase from participation in a PA intervention that incorporated a digital tool. Walking was the most common form of PA (n = 13) and accelerometery (n = 13) was the most popular digital tool. Twice-weekly PA participation was most frequent. Moderate-vigorous PA was more effective than light PA at promoting PA. Supervised (n = 20) and group (n = 16) interventions were more successful in increasing PA. Community settings (n = 9) was the most common location for interventions. Few studies (n = 5) recorded follow-up data to ascertain if the intervention was effective long-term.

Conclusion
Overall, this review found digital tools are effective at promoting PA among SMI individuals. Future PA interventions aimed at this population should consider incorporating this technology in their design. However, more follow-up studies are needed to ascertain whether these tools can sustain PA long-term.

Funding
ADVANCE CRT