bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enabling SENSE accelerated 2D CSI for hyperpolarized carbon-13 imaging
Authors: Shinozaki Ayaka , Sanchez-Heredia Juan D. , Andersen Markus P. , Redda Mohsen , Dang Duy A. , Hansen Esben S. S. , Schulte Rolf F. , Laustsen Christoffer , Tyler Damian J. , Grist James T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs hyperpolarized (HP) carbon-13 (13C) metabolic imaging is clinically translated, there is a need for easy-to-implement, fast, and robust imaging techniques. However, achieving high temporal resolution without decreasing spatial and/or spectral resolution, whilst maintaining the usability of the imaging sequence is challenging. Therefore, this study looked to accelerate HP 13C MRI by combining a well-established and robust sequence called two-dimensional Chemical Shift Imaging (2D CSI) with prospective under sampling and SENSitivity Encoding (SENSE) reconstruction. Due to the low natural abundance of 13C, the sensitivity maps cannot be pre-acquired for the reconstruction. As such, the implementation of sodium (23Na) sensitivity maps for SENSE reconstructed 13C CSI was demonstrated in a phantom and in vivo in the pig kidney. Results showed that SENSE reconstruction using 23Na sensitivity maps corrected aliased images with a four-fold acceleration. With high temporal resolution, the kidney spectra produced a detailed metabolic arrival and decay curve, useful for further metabolite kinetic modelling or denoising. Metabolic ratio maps were produced in three pigs demonstrating the technique’s ability for repeat metabolic measurements. In cases with unknown metabolite spectra or limited HP MRI specialist knowledge, this robust acceleration method ensures comprehensive capture of metabolic signals, mitigating the risk of missing spectral data.
Quasiperiodic disorder induced critical phases in a periodically driven dimerized p-wave Kitaev chain
Authors: Roy Koustav , Roy Shilpi , Basu Saurabh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intricate relationship between topology and disorder in non-equilibrium quantum systems presents a captivating avenue for exploring localization phenomenon. Here, we look for a suitable platform that enables an in-depth investigation of the topic. To this end, we delve into the nuanced analysis of the topological and localization characteristics exhibited by a one-dimensional dimerized Kitaev chain under periodic driving and perform detailed analyses of the Floquet Majorana modes. Such a non-equilibrium scenario is made further interesting by including a spatially varying quasiperiodic potential with a temporally modulated amplitude. Apriori, the motivation is to explore an interplay between dimerization and a quasiperiodic disorder in a topological setting which is also known to demonstrate unique (re-entrant) localization properties. While the topological properties of the driven system confirm the presence of zero and $$\pi $$
π
Majorana modes, the phase diagram obtained by constructing a pair of topological invariants ($$\mathbb {Z} \times \mathbb {Z} $$

Z
×
Z

), also referred to as the real space winding numbers, at different driving frequencies reveal intriguing features that are distinct from the static scenario. In particular, at either low or intermediate frequency regimes, the phase diagram concerning the zero mode involves two distinct phase transitions, one from a topologically trivial to a non-trivial phase, and another from a topological phase to an Anderson localized phase. On the other hand, the study of the Majorana $$\pi $$
π
mode unveils the emergence of a unique topological phase, characterized by complete localization of both the bulk and the edge modes, which may be called as the Floquet topological Anderson phase. Moreover, different frequency regimes showcase distinct localization features which can be examined via the localization toolbox, namely, the inverse and the normalized participation ratios. Specifically, the low and high-frequency regimes demonstrate the existence of completely extended and localized phases, respectively. While at intermediate frequencies, we observe the critical (multifractal) phase of the model which is further investigated via a finite-size scaling analysis of the fractal dimension. Finally, to add depth into our study, we have performed a mean level spacing analyses and computed the Hausdorff dimension which yields specific characteristics inherent to the critical phase, offering profound insights into its underlying properties.
Distribution of honey bee mitochondrial DNA haplotypes in an Italian region where a legislative act is protecting the Apis mellifera ligustica subspecies
Authors: Taurisano Valeria , Ribani Anisa , Sami Dalal , Nelson Johnson Kate Elise , Schiavo Giuseppina , Utzeri Valerio Joe , Bovo Samuele , Fontanesi Luca 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe conservation of the genetic integrity of Apis mellifera subspecies has emerged as an important objective. In 2019, the Emilia-Romagna region became the first Italian regional authority to issue a law specifically addressing the protection of the native Apis mellifera ligustica subspecies. In this study we analysed a highly informative portion of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), widely used for assessing genetic diversity of honey bee populations. By analysing 1143 honey bees sampled after the introduction of this law, we provided a snapshot of the distribution of mtDNA haplotypes in this region. The two most frequent mtDNA haplotypes were C1 (characteristic of A. m. ligustica) and C2 (characteristic of A. m. carnica), reported in 86.5% and 11.0% of the analysed bees, respectively. About 1.3% and 1.1% of the analysed bees carried mtDNA haplotypes of the A and M lineages (haplotypes A1a, A1e, A4, A26, A65 and two novel ones, A2w and A6a; M3, M3a, M4 and M79). Continued genetic monitoring will be important to assess the impact of this regional law over the coming years. Based on the obtained results, we recommend a more stringent policy to prevent the erosion of the genetic integrity of the native subspecies A. m. ligustica.
Modelling the age distribution of longevity leaders
Authors: Kiss Csaba , Németh László , Vető Bálint 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHuman longevity leaders with remarkably long lifespan play a crucial role in the advancement of longevity research. In this paper, we propose a stochastic model to describe the evolution of the age of the oldest person in the world by a Markov process, in which we assume that the births of the individuals follow a Poisson process with increasing intensity, lifespans of individuals are independent and can be characterized by a gamma–Gompertz distribution with time-dependent parameters. We utilize a dataset of the world’s oldest person title holders since 1955, and we compute the maximum likelihood estimate for the parameters iteratively by numerical integration. Based on our preliminary estimates, the model provides a good fit to the data and shows that the age of the oldest person alive increases over time in the future. The estimated parameters enable us to describe the distribution of the age of the record holder process at a future time point.
Engineering the electrostatic potential in a COF's pore by selecting quadrupolar building blocks and linkages
Authors: Bittner Elena-Antonella , Merkel Konrad , Ortmann Frank 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe electrostatic potential within porous materials critically influences applications like gas storage, catalysis, sensors and semiconductor technology. Precise control of this potential in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) is essential for optimizing these applications. We propose a straightforward method to achieve this by employing electric quadrupolar building blocks. Our comprehensive models accurately reproduce the electrostatic potential in 2D-COFs, requiring only a few parameters that depend solely on local electrostatic properties, independent of the COF’s lattice structure and topology. This approach has been validated across various systems, including conjugated and non-conjugated building blocks with different symmetries. We explore single-layer, few-layer, and bulk systems, achieving changes in the potential which exceed one electronvolt. Stacking configurations such as eclipsed AA, serrated AA’, and inclined stacking all exhibit the tuning effect with minor variations. Finally, we discuss the impact of these potential manipulations on applications like ion and gas uptake.
Differential effects of 40S ribosome recycling factors on reinitiation at regulatory uORFs in GCN4 mRNA are not dictated by their roles in bulk 40S recycling
Authors: Jendruchová Kristína , Gaikwad Swati , Poncová Kristýna , Gunišová Stanislava , Valášek Leoš Shivaya , Hinnebusch Alan G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecycling of 40S ribosomal subunits following translation termination, entailing release of deacylated tRNA and dissociation of the empty 40S from mRNA, involves yeast Tma20/Tma22 heterodimer and Tma64, counterparts of mammalian MCTS1/DENR and eIF2D. MCTS1/DENR enhance reinitiation (REI) at short upstream open reading frames (uORFs) harboring penultimate codons that confer heightened dependence on these factors in bulk 40S recycling. Tma factors, by contrast, inhibited REI at particular uORFs in extracts; however, their roles at regulatory uORFs in vivo were unknown. We examined effects of eliminating Tma proteins on REI at regulatory uORFs mediating translational control of GCN4 optimized for either promoting (uORF1) or preventing (uORF4) REI. We found that the Tma proteins generally impede REI at native uORF4 and its variants equipped with various penultimate codons regardless of their Tma-dependence in bulk recycling. The Tma factors have no effect on REI at native uORF1 and equipping it with Tma-hyperdependent penultimate codons generally did not confer Tma-dependent REI; nor did converting the uORFs to AUG-stop elements. Thus, effects of the Tma proteins vary depending on the REI potential of the uORF and penultimate codon, but unlike in mammals, are not principally dictated by the Tma-dependence of the codon in bulk 40S recycling.
Phase 1b/2 study of the liposomal formulation of eribulin (E7389-LF) in combination with nivolumab: Results from the phase 2 esophageal cancer cohort
Authors: Oshima Takashi , Yamamoto Sachiko , Kawakami Hisato , Makino Tomoki , Kawazoe Akihito , Masuishi Toshiki , Tsushima Takahiro , Hirao Motohiro , Tsuda Masahiro , Hino Kaori , Yamamoto Noboru , Hara Hiroki , Kaname Shota , Matsuoka Daiko , Otake Yohei , Yasuda Keisuke , Takase Takao , Takashima Shuya , Semba Taro , Ooki Akira 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Esophageal cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Japan. Herein, we report the efficacy and safety of E7389-LF plus the immune checkpoint inhibitor, nivolumab, from the esophageal cancer cohort of the phase 2 part of Study 120.

Methods
Eligible patients received E7389-LF 2.1 mg/m2 plus nivolumab 360 mg intravenously Q3W. The primary objective was to evaluate the objective response rate (ORR); other objectives included safety, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS).

Results
Of the 35 Japanese patients enrolled, 7 (20.0%) had a partial response as their best overall response, and 14 (40.0%) had stable disease. The ORR was 20.0% (95% CI 8.4–36.9). The duration of response was 5.6 months (95% CI 1.7–not estimable [NE]). The median PFS was 2.81 months (95% CI 1.31–4.17). The median OS was not reached (95% CI 6.54 months–NE). The most common treatment-emergent adverse events were neutropenia (65.7%), pyrexia (60.0%), and leukopenia (57.1%). Select plasma endothelial cell markers levels increased from day 1 of cycle 1 and changes were pronounced between days 8–15 of each cycle.

Conclusions
E7389-LF plus nivolumab showed antitumor activity in patients with unresectable and pretreated esophageal cancer and should be evaluated further in a broader population.

Clinical Trial Registration
NCT04078295.
A novel security‐based adaptive reconfigurable intelligent surfaces assisted clustering strategy
Authors: Tian Yue , Zheng Xiaofan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted a great deal of interest due to the potential contributions to the next‐generation wireless networks. This letter proposes an enhancement to the physical layer security (PLS) of a multi‐hop RIS‐assisted underwater optical wireless communication (UOWC) system. Owing to the complexity of the underwater environment, a security‐based adaptive RIS (SA‐RIS) clustering strategy, which aims to reflect optical signals among clusters to improve the performance of the overall system, is evaluated. By combining the underwater channel model, the closed‐form expressions of probability density function (PDF) and cumulative distribution function (CDF) are derived. Moreover, by increasing the numbers of RIS clusters, the performance metrics such as secrecy outage probability (SOP) and average secrecy capacity (ASC) are evaluated under different scenarios. The obtained results demonstrated that, in contrast to the case without preventing the eavesdropper, the proposed strategy in evasion scenarios could improve the SOP significantly. It can be concluded that the system secrecy performances are further improved by assigning different RIS clusters with proper channel quality.
Effect of end leakage inductance on the performance of toroidal winding double‐sided linear induction motors
Authors: Zhang Huixian , Zhang Kunlun , Luo Cheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe end leakage inductance is an important component in the primary leakage inductance of the equivalent circuit. In order to calculate the end leakage inductance of a toroidal winding double‐sided linear induction motor (TW‐DSLIM) accurately and quickly, the role of ferromagnetic medium is equated by the method of images, the magnetic flux density in the end space is calculated according to the current density of the rectangular coil, end leakage inductance is obtained by calculating the end leakage magnetic energy, the impact of end leakage inductance on the performance of TW‐DSLIM is investigated, and finally the TW‐DSLIM model is established in finite element analysis to verify the effectiveness of the analytical method.
NSVS 14256825: Period variation and orbital stability analysis of two possible substellar companions
Authors: Zervas K. , Christopoulou P.-E. 
Published: September 2024

Context. Recent period investigations of the post-common envelop binary (PCEB) NSVS 14256825 suggest that two circumbinary companions are necessary to explain the observed eclipse timing variations (ETVs).
Aims. Our objective in this work was to search for the best-fitting curve of two LTTE terms of the ETV diagram by implementing a grid search optimization scheme of Keplerian (kinematic) and Newtonian (N-body) fits alongside a dynamical stability analysis of N-body simulations.
Methods. We compiled two datasets of archival photometric data covering different timelines and updated them with new observations and with three new times of minima calculated from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). A grid search optimization process was implemented, and the resulting solutions that fell within the 90% confidence interval of the best-fitting curve of the ETV diagram were tested for orbital stability using N-body simulations and the MEGNO chaos indicator.
Results. The Keplerian and Netwonian fits are in close agreement, and hundreds of stable configurations were identified for both datasets reaching a lifetime of 1 Myr. Our results suggest that the ETV data can be explained by the presence of a circumbinary planet with mass mb = 11 MJup in a nearly circular inner orbit of period Pb = 7 yr. The outer orbit is unconstrained with a period range Pc = 20 − 50 yr (from 3:1 to 7:1 MMR) for a circumbinary body of substellar mass (mc = 11 − 70 MJup). The stable solutions of the minimum- and maximum-reduced chi-square value were integrated for 100 Myr and confirmed a non-chaotic behavior. Their residuals in the ETV data could be explained by a spin-orbit coupling model (Applegate-Lanza). However, continuous monitoring of the system is required in order to refine and constrain the proposed solutions.
Exploring a primordial solution for early black holes detected with JWST
Authors: Dayal Pratika 
Published: September 2024

Aims.With its rest-frame optical sensitivity, theJames WebbSpace Telescope (JWST) has unearthed black holes as massive as 106.2−8.1M⊙at redshifts ofz ∼ 8.5 − 10.6. In addition to these unexpectedly high masses, many systems show unexpectedly high ratios of the black hole to stellar mass ofMBH/M* ≳ 30% at these early epochs. This poses a crucial challenge for theoretical models.Methods.We collated data for all of the black holes that were confirmed with the JWST (through spectroscopy, X-rays, or high-ionization emission lines). Using analytic calculations, we explored the combination of astrophysical seeding mechanisms and Eddington accretion rates that can explain the observed objects. We then appeal to cosmological primordial black hole (PBH) seeds and show that these present an alternative path for the seeding of early structures and their baryonic contents.Results.When we assume seeding (via astrophysical means) at a redshift ofzseed = 25 and continuous accretion, all of the black holes we studied can analytically either be explained through super-Eddington accretion (at an Eddington fraction offEdd ≲ 2.1) onto low-mass seeds (100 M⊙) or through Eddington-limited accretion onto high-mass seeds (105 M⊙). The upper limit at which we assume a primordial origin for all of these black holes yields a continuous primordial black hole mass function (between 10−5.25and 103.75M⊙) and a fractional PBH value ≲10−12. This agrees well with observational constraints. We then show that PBHs can seed a halo around themselves and assemble their baryonic (gas and stellar contents) starting at the redshift of matter-radiation equality (z ∼ 3400). We were able to reproduce the observed stellar and black hole masses for two of the highest-redshift black holes (UHZ1 and GHZ9 atz ∼ 10.3) with the same parameters as those that govern star formation, black hole accretion, and their feedbacks. Exploring a wide swathe of model parameter space for GHZ9, we find ratios of black hole to stellar mass between 0.1 − 1.86. This means that in some cases (of high supernova feedback), the black hole grows to be more massive than the stellar mass of its host halo. This is an attractive alternative to seeding these puzzling early systems.
Zufriedenheit älterer Patient:innen mit einer Rehabilitationsmaßnahme
nach durchgeführter Operation
Authors: Meyer Jördis , Daum Nils , Borchers Friedrich , Spies Claudia , Kiselev Jörn 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund In patientenzentrierter Gesundheitsversorgung hat die
Patientenzufriedenheit als Qualitätsindikator in den letzten 30 Jahren zunehmend
an Bedeutung gewonnen. Die Messung erfolgt üblicherweise allgemein für die
medizinische Versorgung, jedoch weniger spezifisch für Fachbereiche wie die
Rehabilitation. Dies gilt besonders für die Zielgruppe älterer Patient:innen,
obwohl diese durch den demographischen Wandel von zunehmender Wichtigkeit ist.
Daher untersucht diese Arbeit Einflussfaktoren von Zufriedenheit älterer
Patient:innen mit einer Rehabilitationsmaßnahme nach durchgeführter Operation.
Methodik Am 14.12.22 wurden die fünf Datenbanken Medline, Embase,
Cochrane, PsychInfo und Cinahl durchsucht. 9528 Treffer wurden daraufhin von
zwei unabhängigen Reviewern gescreent. 144 Studien wurden in die Volltextanalyse
eingeschlossen, von denen 14 Studien eingeschlossen wurden. Diese Studien wurden
auf die jeweils verwendeten Messinstrumente zur Erhebung der
Patientenzufriedenheit untersucht, anhand derer Faktoren analysiert wurden, die
in dieser Zielgruppe Einfluss auf die Zufriedenheit hatten.
Ergebnisse Es konnten vier validierte Instrumente identifiziert werden.
Fünf Studien nutzten qualitative Interviews. Anhand dieser Instrumente und
Interviews konnten 13 Zufriedenheitsfaktoren gefunden werden. Zu diesen Faktoren
zählen die medizinische Versorgung, der Behandlungserfolg, der
Informationserhalt, die Aufklärung, das Entlassungsmanagement, die Partizipation
am Behandlungsprozess sowie die Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung, die Aspekte wie
Empathie und Respekt beinhaltet. Faktoren, bezogen auf den Behandlungsort, sind
die Ausstattung, die Organisation, Gastronomie und generelle Serviceleistungen.
Des Weiteren nehmen persönliche Faktoren wie der Krankheitsverlauf, Ängste, der
persönliche Charakter und das individuelle Krankheitsverständnis einen
entscheidenden Einfluss auf die Patientenzufriedenheit.
Schlussfolgerung Von den analysierten Messinstrumenten wurde nur der
„Patient perspective On Care and Rehabilitation process“ (POCR) für eine
geriatrische Population in der Rehabilitation entwickelt. Dessen Entwicklung hat
ergeben, dass neben den oben genannten beeinflussbaren Faktoren vor allem
individuell, nur bedingt beeinflussbare Faktoren wie Verlustängste, Charakter
und der Krankheitszustand bei der Zielgruppe entscheidend sind. Inwieweit sich
die Zufriedenheitsfaktoren älterer Patient:innen von jüngeren unterscheiden,
sollte Bestandteil weiterer Forschungen darstellen, um zukünftig rehabilitative
Behandlungen speziell auf die Bedürfnisse älterer Patient:innen anzupassen.
Evaluation of Employees' Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Prevention and Screening at a Reference Oncology Centre
Authors: Andrade de Souza Karina Quely , Silva Paulo André Lago , Machado Dan Perdiz Fucs , David Gabriel Cury Andari , de Abreu Glicia Estevam 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction Despite the high prevalence and severity of colorectal cancer (CRC), the public is mostly unaware of its prevention and screening.
Objective To determine the level of knowledge regarding CRC prevention and screening among staff at a reference cancer center.
Materials and Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a reference cancer center. Employees aged 18 and up who had worked at the oncology center for at least one year were given a questionnaire containing sociodemographic and evaluative questions about CRC prevention and screening.
Results The sample comprised 266 employees, with a median age of 45 (53.00–35.75) years of age. Most of the staff (76.3%) were female, had at least a year of experience at the health facility (74.1%), and agreed on the definition of CRC. Inflammatory bowel illness was the least commonly recognized risk factor (67.6%). Most of the sample (56%) recognized all 5 warning flags. Colonoscopy was the most popular screening test (98.7%). Although the health center does not offer official CRC education, most of the staff (42.1%) reported learning about CRC while working.There was no difference in perceptions of the optimal age to begin screening between employees 45 years or older and those younger (p = 0.729). Higher-educated employees were more knowledgeable about CRC (p = 0.001).
Conclusion In a reference cancer center, the staff members who work directly with patients as well as those with higher levels of schooling have a satisfactory level of knowledge regarding CRC prevention and screening.