bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Von der Sonne geweinte Tränen – Literarisches Lernen am Beispiel José F. A. Olivers
Authors: Schickhaus Tobias 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ausgehend von einer die fachgeschichtliche Befassung und die aktuelle Forschungslage resumierenden Problemskizze geht der Beitrag der Frage nach, worin Kriterien einer begrifflich geschärften und anwendungsorientierten Literaturvermittlung zu suchen sind. In den Fokus der Betrachtung rücken hierbei zentrale Themen wie Literaturdidaktik, Interkulturalität, Fremdsprachenerwerb, Mehrsprachigkeit und Übersetzung sowie das Verhältnis von Literatur zu ihrer Geschichte. Zum anderen ist danach zu fragen, wie einzelne Gattungen, hier die Lyrik, anhand konkreter Textbeispiele für die Praxis interkultureller Literaturvermittlung fruchtbar gemacht werden können. Beispiele für handlungs- und produktionsorientierte Verfahren des Literarischen Lernens werden vorgestellt und am Beispiel José F. A. Olivers Schreibwerkstätten anhand folgender Frage diskutiert: Inwieweit schlagen sich die vielfach formulierten Forderungen und Aspekte einer Integration des aktiv Lesenden in die Praxis der Literaturvermittlung nieder?
Landeskundliche Abbildungen in Lehrbüchern für Deutsch als Fremdsprache. Die Entwicklung des Bildeinsatzes in den Jahren 2000 bis 2010
Authors: Brunsing Theresa 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ausgangspunkt des Beitrags ist eine empirische Masterarbeit, die im Studiengang DaF und Germanistik an der Universität Bielefeld verfasst wurde. Den Kern bildet eine qualitative Lehrwerkanalyse. Untersucht wird, ob und inwiefern sich der Einsatz landeskundlicher Abbildungen in den zwischen 2000 und 2010 erschienenen DaF-Lehrbüchern verändert hat. Im Zentrum stehen die Bildfunktionen sowie die Einbindung der Abbildungen in komplexe Aufgabenstellungen, die zur Förderung der Visual Literacy beitragen.
Jugendsprache in DaF-Lehrwerken – oft gefordert, aber selten praktiziert. Eine Bestandsaufnahme
Authors: Wichmann Martin 
Published: May 2017

Zusammenfassung
Die Frage nach der Bedeutung von Jugendsprache im DaF-Unterricht ist in zwei größere Fachdiskussionen eingebettet, die sich mit dem Einbezug der gesprochenen Sprache und speziell mündlicher Varietäten in den DaF-Unterricht beschäftigen. Auffällig ist die weitgehende Nicht-Thematisierung von Jugendsprache in aktuellen DaF-Lehrwerken, was vor dem Hintergrund der Diskussion um die Darstellung sprachlicher Vielfalt in den Lehrwerken überrascht. Den Schwerpunkt des Beitrags bildet die Analyse der Lehrmaterialien.
The choice of freely preferred cadence by trained nonprofessional cyclists may not be characterized by mechanical efficiency
Authors: Weinstein Yitzhak , Mor-Unikowski Ron , Nice Shachar , Hocherman Shraga , Inbar Omri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background:
Most cycling studies involve professional cyclists. Because training may affect riding style, it is of interest to determine the physiological basis for the personal choice of cycling cadence in nonprofessional cyclists.

Methods:
Eleven nonprofessional (5.2±1.7-year-riding experience) male road cyclists, aged 35.0±11.0 years, underwent four separate laboratory test sessions. The first two sessions included habituation, anthropometry,

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and lactate threshold (LaTH) measurements. Freely preferred cadence at LaTH was determined during the second session (mean±SD=94.7±2.9 rev·min−1). During the third and fourth sessions participants performed LaTH tests at 60 and 95 rev·min−1 in a randomized order, with power output (PO) increments of 25 W every 4 min, up to ~90% of

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Results:

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expired ventilation

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blood lactate (La), and calculated net mechanical efficiency (MEnet) rose with increased PO. At 95 rev·min−1,

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$\dot V{{\text{O}}_2},{\text{ }}{\dot V_{\text{E}}},$

and La were significantly higher than at 60 rev·min−1 at all POs. MEnet at 95 rev·min−1 was lower than at 60 rev·min−1. Mean PO attained at LaTh did not differ significantly between 60 and 95 rev·min−1 (220.9±29.0 and 214.5±9.2 W, respectively). La values at LaTH were higher at 95 rev·min−1 than at 60 rev·min−1 (3.01±0.17 vs. 2.10±0.13 mM, p<0.05, respectively).

Conclusions:
Our findings indicate that mechanical and physiological efficiencies may not determine the choice of cycling cadence by nonprofessional cyclists. This choice may reflect the need to maintain endurance at the expense of riding at a lower than optimal riding efficiency.
Multicentric studies of the fetal neurobehavior by KANET test
Authors: Kurjak Asim , Antsaklis Panos , Stanojevic Milan , Vladareanu Radu , Vladareanu Simona , Neto Raul Moreira , Barisic Lara Spalldi , Porovic Selma , Delic Taib 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAssessment of fetal neurobehavior and detection of neurological impairment prenatally has been a great challenge in perinatal medicine. The evolution of four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound not only enabled a better visualization of fetal anatomy but also allowed the study of fetal behavior in real time. Kurjak Antenatal Neurodevelopmental Test (KANET) was developed for the assessment of fetal neurobehavior and the detection of neurological disorders, based on the assessment of the fetus by application of 4D ultrasound in the same way that a neonate is assessed postnatally. KANET is a method that has been applied for the past 10 years and studies show that it is a strong diagnostic tool and can be introduced into everyday clinical practice. We present all data from studies performed up to now on KANET.
Fabrication and Failure Prediction of Carbon-alum solid composite electrolyte based humidity sensor using ANN
Authors: Bhargava Cherry , Banga Vijay Kumar , Singh Yaduvir 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Using low-cost materials, carbon, and alum, a new solid composite electrolyte system was fabricated and characterized using various techniques. Complex impedance spectroscopy was used to measure its ionic conductivity. A maximum conductivity of 3.4×10−5 S/cm was obtained when alum was doped with 40% carbon. An Arrhenius behavior was reported when the temperature dependence of conductivity was analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the surface morphology of the synthesized electrolyte. Fourier transform infrared and X-ray diffraction results confirmed the formation of composite material. The synthesized solid composite electrolyte exhibited excellent humidity sensing behavior in the relative humidity range of 15%–65%. Various humidity characteristics of the sample were measured such as hysteresis loop, recovery, and response time of the sensor. An expert system was modeled using artificial intelligence techniques and failure of the sensor was predicted with 97.2% accuracy using artificial neural networks.
DOK7 gene therapy enhances motor activity and life span in ALS model mice
Authors: Miyoshi Sadanori , Tezuka Tohru , Arimura Sumimasa , Tomono Taro , Okada Takashi , Yamanashi Yuji 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAmyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, multifactorial motor neurodegenerative disease with severe muscle atrophy. The glutamate release inhibitor riluzole is the only medication approved by the FDA, and prolongs patient life span by a few months, testifying to a strong need for new treatment strategies. In ALS, motor neuron degeneration first becomes evident at the motor nerve terminals in neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), the cholinergic synapse between motor neuron and skeletal muscle; degeneration then progresses proximally, implicating the NMJ as a therapeutic target. We previously demonstrated that activation of muscle‐specific kinase MuSK by the cytoplasmic protein Dok‐7 is essential for NMJ formation, and forced expression of Dok‐7 in muscle activates MuSK and enlarges NMJs. Here, we show that therapeutic administration of an adeno‐associated virus vector encoding the human DOK7 gene suppressed motor nerve terminal degeneration at NMJs together with muscle atrophy in the SOD1‐G93A ALS mouse model. Ultimately, we show that DOK7 gene therapy enhanced motor activity and life span in ALS model mice.
A testképtől a testképzavarig
Authors: Ábrahám Ildikó , Jambrik Máté , John Balázs , Németh Adrienn Réka , Franczia Nóra , Csenki Laura 
Published: May 2017

Abstract: The aim of this literature review is to integrate the results of various studies regarding body image and body image distortion into a unified framework. The concept of body image is complex and can be interpreted from multiple points of view. The first part of the study touches upon different age characteristics, attentional focus on the body, the early and important role of the body in identity formation, specific features in adolescence, gender differences, and the often-observed stability of body image (distortion), which may be present as a (trait) marker throughout the lifespan. The second part focuses on the organization of body image. The results of different studies on cognitive information processing are reviewed, the question of perceptual accuracy is addressed and the concepts of embodiment are examined. The third topic is body image distortion. First, the concept is contextualized along different continua, then discussed in a clinical sense along with the complexity of diagnostic methods, as well as the state and trait aspects of body image distortion. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(19): 723–730.
Political Representation, Imperial Dependency and Political Transfer: Finland and Sweden 1809–1819
Authors: Kurunmäki Jussi 
Published: May 2017

Political Representation, Imperial Dependency and Political Transfer: Finland and Sweden 1809–1819 The article examines the post-revolutionary rearrangement in Europe by focusing on the separation of Finland from Sweden. In 1809, the eastern part of the Swedish kingdom became a grand duchy within the autocratically ruled Russian empire. Both Finland and Sweden experienced the constitutional moment which characterised the post-revolutionary and post-Napoleonic Europe, but in very different ways. The Swedish Diet enacted a new written constitution while the Finnish Diet gave its oath to the new emperor, who promised to maintain the laws, privileges and rights of the country. Alexander I might have used the word «constitution» in his speech to the Finnish Estates, but the political status of the grand duchy remained unclear, and it was only in 1863 that the Finnish Diet was called to convene again. In the context of imperial dependency and a lack of established forums for public debate, the article analyses how the issue of political representation was made public in Finland during the first decade of Russian rule. The analysis is based on the ways in which the official newspaper described the new political situation of Finland and reported on political circumstances and parliamentary life in other countries. It is argued that the publication of news from abroad can be seen as an important way of keeping the issue of political representation alive in Finland. It was also a channel for the reception of political concepts. The study discusses the Finnish case in relation to political circumstances in Sweden. The comparative angle draws attention to complex features of the formation of a new polity and a reformation of an old.
Alfabetizando al alfabetizador: Mujeres hispanas en un nuevo contexto social.
Authors: Toledo López Angel Antonio , Pentón Herrera Luis Javier 
Published: May 2017

<p>La población hispana en Estados Unidos continúa aumentando establemente y de forma rápida. Este incremento fértil y constante de hispanos ha reorganizado el matiz social del país y expone a los inmigrantes a unas realidades sociales, lingüísticas y educativas no conocidas anteriormente. Estudiantes inmigrantes hispanos aprendices del idioma inglés son inmersos en un sistema educativo completamente desconocido y se enfrentan a un reto lingüístico que necesitan rebasar de forma diligente para tener éxito en sus escuelas. A su vez, los padres inmigrantes atraviesan otros retos similares en sus ambientes laborales en los cuales el idioma y otros componentes sociales les dificultan el éxito profesional y el involucramiento en las escuelas de sus hijos. Este artículo expone las realidades de los estudiantes hispanos y las madres hispanas en Estados Unidos a través de los ojos de cuatro madres hispanas inmigrantes. Mediante la entrevista profunda, este trabajo expone el impacto que tiene la participación parental en el desenvolvimiento escolar y académico de los estudiantes hispanos en Estados Unidos. </p>
Factores intra y extra escolares asociados al rezago educativo en comunidades vulnerables
Authors: Mendoza Elizabeth 
Published: May 2017

<p>Ante la situación que presentan los niños y niñas del mundo, sobre todo los de los países en desarrollo, se establecen, con la participación de 189 países miembros de las Naciones Unidas, en el 2000, seis Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio dirigidos a la infancia. Uno de ellos pretende asegurar para el 2015 que todos los niños y niñas terminen la enseñanza primaria.</p><p>Una serie de factores individuales y estructurales impiden el acceso o permanencia de los niños y niñas en la escuela, sin embargo, de acuerdo a una serie de estudios realizados, los factores externos, como la pobreza, y el género resultan ser los factores clave que mantiene a los niñ@s alejad@s de la escuela.</p><p>El presente trabajo tiene por objetivo mostrar los resultados de un estudio exploratorio realizado desde el enfoque mixto sobre la percepción que tienen directivos, profesores y habitantes de nueve agebs del Polígono San Bernabé, del municipio de Monterrey, sobre los factores que promueven el rezago educativo de los estudiantes que cursan la enseñanza básica. Se dará a conocer, además, las principales estrategias utilizadas en las instituciones educativas para incidir en los factores de riesgo.</p>
Outcome of preterm babies with respiratory distress syndrome on nasal CPAP
Authors: B. Sunil , N. Girish , Bhuyan Manali 
Published: May 2017

Background: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has become a useful modality in management of respiratory distress in preterm babies. Nasal CPAP was found to be safe and effective means of treating mild and moderate RDS and apnoea of prematurity; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) is a cost-effective and minimal invasive respiratory support for the newborn. The aim of the study was to assess whether the introduction of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) results in improved respiratory outcomes in preterm neonates ≤36 weeks of gestation in KIMS hospital.Methods: The study was an observational clinical study, undertaken in KIMS hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, between November 2015 to October 2016. All babies born ≤36 weeks of gestational age with respiratory distress were included in this study. Chi-square/ Fisher Exact test has been used to find the significance of study parameters on categorical scale between two or more groups and Non-parametric setting for Qualitative data analysisResults: Seventy-seven premature newborn babies with ≤36 weeks of gestation were included in the study and were put on nasal CPAP. The incidence of CPAP failure was 22.1% (95% CI 14.27-32.54%). The proportion of neonates who required surfactant was 16.9% (10.14-26.77%) and the proportion of children who met with mortality was 6.5% (10.14-26.77%) in this study.Conclusions: Early institution of CPAP in the management of RDS in premature neonates can significantly reduce the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) and surfactant therapy.
Resveratrol Inhibits Periodontitis‐Related Bone Loss in Rats Subjected to Cigarette Smoke Inhalation
Authors: Ribeiro Fernanda V. , Pino Danilo S. , Franck Felipe C. , Benatti Bruno B. , Tenenbaum Howard , Davies John E. , Pimentel Suzana P. , Casarin Renato C. , Cirano Fabiano R. , Casati Marcio Z. 
Published: May 2017

Background: Alternative therapeutic approaches have been explored to modulate host response to periodontal disease. Knowledge of new strategies to treat periodontitis is particularly relevant in patients presenting augmented risk to periodontitis, such as smokers. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of resveratrol (RESV) on progression of experimental periodontitis (EP) in the presence of cigarette smoke inhalation (CSI).Methods: Rats were assigned to one of three groups: 1) CSI+RESV (n = 20); 2) CSI+placebo (n = 20); and 3) non‐CSI (n = 20). CSI was initiated 1 week prior to initiation of RESV or placebo administration (systemically for 30 days) and was continued until the end of the study. EP was induced around the first mandibular and second maxillary molars using ligatures. Specimens from the mandible were processed for morphometric and microcomputed tomography examination of bone volume/levels. Gingival tissues surrounding mandibular molars were collected for quantification of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐4, IL‐6, IL‐17, and tumor necrosis factor‐α using an assay system. Additional analyses of immunoinflammatory mediator performance (T‐helper Type 17 [Th17]/Th2 and Th1/Th2 cell levels) were performed according to Th cell responses in gingival tissues. Gingival tissues of maxillary molars were subjected to real‐time polymerase chain reaction for assessment of osteoprotegrin, runt‐related transcription factor‐2, receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand (RANKL), sclerostin, and Dickkopf Wnt signaling pathway inhibitor 1 levels.Results: Higher linear alveolar bone loss (ABL) and lower interradicular bone density were detected in ligated molars in the CSI+placebo group (P <0.05). IL‐4 level was the highest, and Th17/Th2 levels were the lowest in RESV‐treated rats compared with placebo rats (P <0.05). RESV reduced expression of messenger RNA for RANKL in animals receiving CSI (P <0.05).Conclusion: RESV inhibits EP and CSI‐induced supporting ABL and has a beneficial effect on osteo‐immunoinflammatory markers.
Effects of Polymer Coated Urea and Irrigation Rates on Lantana Growth and Nitrogen Leaching
Authors: Mello Simone C. , Li Yuncong C. , Migliaccio Kati W. , Linares Eileen P. , Colee James , Angelotti-Mendonça Jéssika 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Polymer‐coated urea reduced N leaching as compared with conventional urea.
Climatic conditions during the lantana growth affected the N uptake and N‐use efficiency.
These results can be used for water and fertilizer management for ornamental plants.
This study can be used to minimize environmental impact caused by N leaching.
Lantana (Lantana camara L.) is a popular ornamental plant in seaside communities and an annual plant in hanging baskets. This species cultivated as an annual plant in containers needs to receive fertilizers. The nutrient management in containers can be made using conventional or controlled release fertilizers. The effects of ratios among conventional urea (CU) and polymer‐coated urea (PCU), and irrigation water rates applied by evapotranspiration (ET)‐based irrigation were studied on dry weight of biomass and N uptake of lantana, N leaching, water‐use efficiency (WUE), and N‐use efficiency (NUE). Six ratios between CU and PCU (expressed in percentages) and two irrigation rates were evaluated: 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0, and 0:0 of CU/PCU; and water volume applied by 150% of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) and 200% of ETo‐based irrigation. Two trials were conducted with environmental conditions varying between them. With greater temperatures, the cumulative number of inflorescences increased with 100% of PCU as compared with 100% of CU applied in the trial. Polymer‐coated urea (100%) as compared with CU (100%) also reduced N leaching by 64.5 and 61.5% in the first and second trial, respectively. High water volume applied (200% of ETo) increased the dry weight of biomass, N uptake, and NUE. Water volume applied by 150% of ETo‐based irrigation resulted in a reduction of 53.5 and 58.5% of N leaching in the first and second trial, respectively. The response of WUE to ratios among CU and PCU and irrigation rates was not consistent, and was influenced by climatic conditions since WUE increased 26.6% in the second trial characterized for lower temperatures.
Surface Effects on Water Storage under Dryland Summer Fallow: A Lysimeter Study
Authors: Wuest Stewart 
Published: May 2017

Core Ideas
Inexpensive lysimeters can produce precise, summer‐long evaporation comparisons.
Surface soil density and tillage depth had small effects on evaporation.
Crop residue had a small effect on evaporation over long dry periods.
Crop residue had a substantial effect on evaporation following rain.
Small changes in short‐ and long‐term soil water storage can affect crop productivity in semiarid climates. To optimize tillage and residue management on silt loam soils, we compared evaporation from a range of soil surface conditions in a climate with dry summers. Sixty low‐cost, low‐maintenance lysimeters were constructed from 26‐L buckets and installed in‐ground for five summers. Three summer fallow soil management options were mimicked by packing soil uniformly to the surface, putting a loose layer of fine soil on top of the packed base, or placing a mixture of clods and fine soil on top of the base. Different amounts of wheat residue on the soil surface were also tested. With three replications, the lysimeters were capable of discriminating 0.10‐mm evaporation differences between treatments at p < 0.05. Evaporation differences were small, typically only 5 mm, at the end of each summer fallow dry season. Wheat residue on the soil surface and different soil mulch treatments had little influence on evaporation during long dry periods, but surface residue had a substantial effect on soil water storage immediately after rainfall, especially as evaporative demand decreased in early autumn. The results indicate that high levels of surface residue might be more important than tillage or no‐till in the proportion of early autumn rain being stored vs. evaporated.