bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kaunas Adult Institute (1941-1944)
Authors: Bubnys Gediminas , Kriaučeliūnas Zenonas Simas 
Published: October 2024

Vocational training was the main goal of German professional unions. The attitude was led by two circumstances: firstly, the lack of workers of technical professions; secondly, the wish to hold the training of new technical professions in their hands. Vocational training was organized not only in part-time courses but in Adult Institutes as well. These were vocational schools, which were supported by the central bureau of professional unions. Kaunas Adult Institute was one of them, which was founded on the 18th of August 1941 and run by the headmaster K. Račinskis since the 16th of August 1944. Head assessor of education Dr. Pr. Germantas-Meškauskas confirmed the statute of the institute. Later, the Adult Institute was founded in Vilnius. The increased number of institutes inspired the necessity of a new statute. "The Temporal Statute of Adult Institute" was confirmed on the 1st of January 1942. Since 4 February 1942, Kaunas Adult Institute has been named as "the Central Adult Institute," and the next year adult institutes were founded in Panevėžys and Šiauliai. The Central Adult Institute didn’t last long, because the course of some specialties survived for a few years only. 336 students graduated from the institutes during the first school year. In 1944, March and April, there were 583 students in the Central Adult Institute. The work of the central and local adult institutes was interrupted in the summer of 1944 because of the second Soviet occupation. The work of this institution shows that even during the occupation years in Lithuania, education and professional training were not interrupted.
Urinary Cytokeratin 20 as a Biomarker for AKI-CKD Transition among Patients with Acute Decompensated Heart Failure and Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Ouyang Han , Ma Rui , Yang Xiaobing , Chen Chunbo , Xu Xin , Tian Jianwei , Liu Jun , Zha Yan , Liu Huafeng , Yang Tiecheng , Hou Fan Fan 
Published: October 2024

Key Points

In patients with acute decompensated heart failure and AKI, higher urinary cytokeratin 20 (CK20) associated with higher risk of AKI-to-CKD progression.Urinary CK20, particularly combined with clinical variables, improved the ability of predicting AKI-CKD transition with an accuracy of 90%.Urinary CK20 might be used as a novel tool for early identifying patients at high risk of kidney function loss after AKI.

Background
Predicting the risk of AKI-CKD transition remains a major challenge in the management of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and AKI. This study investigated the clinical utility of urinary cytokeratin 20 (CK20), a novel biomarker reflecting the severity of histological acute tubular injury, for identifying patients at risk of AKI-to-CKD progression.

Methods
This prospective cohort study included a test set comprising 279 consecutive hospitalized patients with ADHF and AKI in five centers and a validation set enrolling 206 similar patients at an external center. Urinary CK20 and seven reported renal tubular injury biomarkers at the time of AKI diagnosis were measured. The primary outcome was a composite of AKI-CKD transition 90 days after AKI or all-cause death within 90 days. The secondary outcome was AKI-to-CKD progression 90 days after AKI.

Results
In the test set, 115 patients (41%) reached the primary end point. Concentrations of urinary CK20 peaked on the day of AKI diagnosis and remained elevated 14 days after AKI. After multivariable adjustment, the highest tertile of urinary CK20 was associated with 21-fold higher risk of the primary outcome and 29-fold higher risk of the secondary outcome. For predicting the primary and secondary outcomes, urinary CK20 at the time of AKI diagnosis had an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77 to 0.87) and 0.81 (95% CI, 0.75 to 0.87), respectively, and outperformed other reported biomarkers reflecting acute tubular injury and risk of CKD. Adding urinary CK20 to the clinical variables improved the ability for predicting the primary outcome with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.90 (95% CI, 0.85 to 0.94) and largely improved risk reclassification. The ability of urinary CK20 in predicting AKI-CKD transition was further confirmed in the validation set.

Conclusions
Urinary CK20 improved prediction of the risk of transition from AKI to CKD in patients with ADHF and AKI.
Safety and Efficacy of Avacopan in Patients with Complement 3 Glomerulopathy
Authors: Bomback Andrew S. , Herlitz Leal C. , Kedia Priyanka Punit , Petersen Jeffrey , Yue Huibin , Lafayette Richard A. ,   on behalf of the ACCOLADE Study Group
Published: October 2024

Key Points

ACCOLADE was the first randomized trial in patients with complement 3 glomerulopathy investigating the use of avacopan, a complement component 5a receptor blocker.The trial did not meet its primary end point of change in disease activity index from baseline to 26 weeks.No new safety signals were reported; the results suggest a potential role of avacopan in milder forms of complement 3 glomerulopathy.

Background
Complement 3 (C3) glomerulopathy is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by activation of the alternative complement pathway with isolated or dominant complement 3 deposition in glomeruli. Patients with C3 glomerulopathy may develop progressive deterioration in kidney function and kidney failure.

Methods
We studied the safety and efficacy of avacopan 30 mg twice daily in patients with C3 glomerulopathy (N=57) with elevated (>244 ng/ml) and normal (≤244 ng/ml) levels of membrane attack complex or terminal complement complex (C5b-9) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, with kidney biopsies performed prerandomization and at 26 and 52 weeks. The primary outcome was the percent change from baseline to week 26 in C3 glomerulopathy Histological Index for disease activity.

Results
The study was conducted in patients with C3 glomerulopathy, including C3 GN and dense deposit disease. The median study duration was 60.0 weeks (interquartile range, 59.9–61.0). There were no significant differences in the primary outcome between the avacopan and the placebo group—least squares mean treatment difference (95% confidence interval)= −0.0 (−1.9 to 1.8). The secondary measures of efficacy including C3 glomerulopathy Histological Index for disease chronicity, urine protein:creatinine ratio, and eGFR were not different between treatment groups. The overall incidence and type of adverse events for both treatment groups were comparable. No deaths were reported during the study, and no new safety signals were detected.

Conclusions
The primary end point for the study was not met; other clinical effects of avacopan to improve certain key kidney function parameters and slow disease progression were variable and require further evaluation.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:
Controlled Trial Evaluating Avacopan in C3 Glomerulopathy (ACCOLADE), NCT03301467.
Semantic and distributional patterns of Spanish negation with nouns and adjectives: A Lexical-Realizational Functional Grammar approach
Authors: Meinschaefer Judith 
Published: October 2024

This study examines the semantic and distributional characteristics of the Spanish negation no when it occurs before nouns and adjectives, specifically, whether these instances diverge from sentential negation, but also from negation via prefixes such as des- ‘dis-’ or in- ‘in-, un-’. Using data from the Spanish Web 2011 corpus, it is shown that the use of no before adjectives aligns with other forms of constituent negation, often resulting in a contradictory interpretation, that is similar to that of sentential negation. However, the interpretation of no preceding nouns exhibits a broader range of interpretations, depending on whether the noun refers to an eventuality, quality, or entity. In such instances, no shows parallels to negative prefixes, frequently indicating privation rather than contradiction. Consequently, no can be analyzed as a building block of phrases, expressing syntactic negation, behaving similarly to other adverbs, as well as a building block of words, expressing lexical negation, resembling Spanish prefix-like elements like cuasi ‘almost’ or ex ‘ex-’. The analysis is couched within the framework of Lexical-Realizational Functional Grammar (LRFG), integrating aspects of Lexical Functional Grammar and Distributed Morphology. This approach does not treat morphology and syntax as separate modules, thus allowing us to account for the variable distribution and interpretation of no by means of a single representation in vocabulary structure, drawing on constituent structure representations which are needed on independent grounds for adverbs and for prefix-like elements.
IMPORTANCE OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE IN THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MULTITASKING TRAINING IN CARDIAC SURGERY PATIENTS
Authors: Razumnikova Olga M. , Tarasova Irina V. , Kukhareva Irina N. , Kupriyanova Darya S. , Sosnina Anastasia S. , Trubnikova Olga A. 
Published: October 2024

HighlightsThe effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation (the absence of the postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is associated with the emotional regulation of behavior and frequency-spatial organization of brain activity.The positive outcome of cognitive rehabilitation is promoted by «pre-tuning» background theta activity associated with the components of emotional intelligence: «attention to emotions» and «use of emotions in decision making». The distinctive feature of the group with unsuccessful rehabilitation is the link between empathy and high-frequency beta 2 rhythm. Aim. To study the relationship between the components of emotional intelligence (EI) and electrical activity of the brain (EEG), reflecting the effects of cognitive rehabilitation using multitasking training in cardiac surgery patients. Methods. The prospective cohort study included 83 patients who had undergone direct myocardial revascularization, 42 of whom underwent multitasking training in the early postoperative period. Physical, laboratory, and extended neurophysiological examinations were performed before cardiac surgery and 11–12 days after the intervention.Results. The effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation (absence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD)) is related to peculiarities of emotional regulation of behavior, reflected in the ratio of components of EI and frequency-spatial organization of brain activity. The group of patients with positive cognitive rehabilitation (absence of POCD) is characterized by «pre-tuning» background theta activity associated with the components of emotional intelligence: «attention to emotions» and «use of emotions in decision making». The distinctive feature of the group with unsuccessful rehabilitation is the link between empathy and high-frequency beta 2 rhythm.Conclusion. Regional features of detected coupling patterns of EI and brain activity suggest that the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation using multitasking training is determined by the degree of preservation of cortical control functions during the development of cardiac artery disease, reflected in the peculiarities of emotional regulation of behavior of the patients.
IMPACT OF CYCLIC LOADING ON THE RESISTANCE OF EPOXY-TREATED BOVINE PERICARDIUM MODIFIED WITH POLYVINYL ALCOHOL TO CALCIFICATION AND PROTEOLYTIC DEGRADATION
Authors: Kostyunin Alexander E. , Glushkova Tatiana V. , Klyshnikov Kirill Yu. , Rezvova Maria A. , Akentyeva Tatiana N. , Onishchenko Pavel S. , Ovcharenko Evgeny A. 
Published: October 2024

Highlights:Epoxy-treated xenopericardium modified with polyvinyl alcohol has increased resistance to calcification and proteolytic degradation in vitro.Cyclic loads negatively affect fatigue life of studied material, moreover, this process is accompanied by deterioration of its anti-calcium and anti-enzyme properties. Additional studies aimed at improving the wear resistance of the hydrogel in the biological material are required. Aim. To study the resistance of epoxy-treated bovine pericardium modified with polyvinyl alcohol to calcification and proteolytic degradation in collagenase after exposure to cyclic loading.Material and methods. The epoxy-treated patches made with xenopericardium were treated with polyvinyl alcohol according to the original method, after that they were subjected to cyclic loading (70 million cycles) using the HiCycle wear tester system. Visualization of the surface and internal structure of the biomaterial was performed by scanning electron microscopy. The resistance to calcification was assessed by incubating the samples in a solution saturated with calcium ions and phosphate ions for 3 and 6 weeks, followed by quantitative measurement of the calcium by spectrophotometry. The susceptibility of the samples to proteolytic degradation was determined by weight loss after incubation in a solution of clostridial collagenase for 24 hours. The control group consisted of patches of unmodified epoxy-treated bovine pericardium.Results. After cyclic loading, patches of xenopericardium modified with polyvinyl alcohol showed signs of fatigue (cracks on the surface and large cavities in the internal structure). Although cyclic loading significantly worsened the resistance of the modified tissue to calcification and proteolytic degradation (by 3 and 5 times, respectively, relative to the values obtained for patches stored under static conditions), patches from this group showed better results compared to unmodified patches. Thus, they contained 1.5 to 2 times less calcium after 3 and 6 weeks of incubation in a calcium-saturated solution. Mass loss after incubation in collagenase was 1.5 times lower for patches of modified biomaterial undergoing cyclic loading compared to unmodified patches.Conclusion. The proposed modification method of the epoxy-treated xenopericardium with polyvinyl alcohol increases the resistance of biological tissue to calcification and proteolytic degradation. Although cyclic loading negatively affects the protective properties of the polymer coating over time, this type of modification can potentially slow down the degeneration of biomaterial used in manufacturing of bioprosthetic heart valves.
Adipocytes Size of the Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Coronary Atherosclerosis: Relationship With Parameters of Blood Lipid Transport Function, Carbohydrate Metabolism and Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Koshelskaya O. A. , Kravchenko E. S. , Naryzhnaya N. V. , Kologrivova I. V. , Krapivina A. S. , Haritonova O. A. , Svyazova N. N. , Andreev S. L. , Suslova T. E. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To assess the potential relationship between morphometric characteristics of adipocytes in epicardial and subcutaneous adipose tissue (EAT, SAT) and the lipid transport function of the blood, glucose e metabolism, and inflammatory biomarkers in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) after coronary artery bypass grafting.Material and methods. The study included 47 patients (33 men and 14 women) aged 53-72 years with chronic IHD. The study material was EAT and SAT adipocytes obtained from intraoperative explants. The size of EAT and SAT adipocytes and the proportion of EAT and SAT adipocytes with ≥100 μm and ≤50 μm sizes were determined. Carbohydrate metabolism parameters, blood lipid transport function, and inflammatory biomarkers were assessed. Surrogate indices of insulin resistance (IR) were calculated.Results. The mean size of EAT adipocytes, in contrast to SAT adipocytes, correlated (p<0.05) with serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) (rs=0.43), triglycerides (TG) (rs=0.36), interleukin (IL)-1β (rs=0.29), basal C-peptide (rs=0.40) and TyG index (rs=0.32). Male gender and blood concentrations of basal C-peptide and TG in combination were identified as statistically significant determinants of an increase in the mean size of EAT adipocytes. The threshold values of TG and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (nHDL-C) associated with an increase in the mean size of EAT adipocytes ≥87.61 μm were 1.4 and 2.63 mM, respectively. Patients with TG concentrations ≥1.4 mM had a greater size and proportion of hypertrophied EAT adipocytes, IR indices, and higher blood concentrations of basal glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, TNF-α, and IL-1β. TG concentrations of 1.2-1.4 mM, compared with concentrations <1.2 mM, were associated with a greater mean size of EAT adipocytes and higher serum IL-10 concentrations. Patients with non-HDL-C ≥2.63 mM, compared with its lower concentrations, had more pronounced hypertrophy of EAT adipocytes.Conclusion. Disorders in the morphometric characteristics of EAT adipocytes, in contrast to SAT adipocytes, are associated with increased blood concentrations of TG, non-HDL-C, inflammatory markers, and increased IR indices. It was shown for the first time that a combination of three factors, male gender, blood concentrations of basal C-peptide, and TG, independently of other indicators describe the variability of the mean size of EAT adipocytes. Increases in TG from 1.2 to 1.4 mM are associated with a larger size of EAT adipocytes and cytokine imbalance. Our data confirm the validity of identifying optimal blood concentrations of TG and non-HDL-C in patients with IHD and coronary atherosclerosis.
Tecnologia na Educação Física Escolar: um Estudo sobre os Impactos antes e depois da Pandemia de COVID-19 (2020-2023)
Authors: Vieira Guilherme Carvalho , Bicalho Lucas Matheus Araujo , Marquioli Stefany Reis 
Published: October 2024

Este estudo apresenta uma análise sobre o uso da tecnologia na disciplina de educação física na educação básica, nos anos de 2020 a 2023, antes e depois da pandemia de COVID-19. A pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa e exploratória, investiga a produção acadêmica sobre o tema e busca compreender o impacto da tecnologia na disciplina. Foi realizado um levantamento minucioso acerca da produção científica, entre os anos de 2020 e 2023, nas bases de dados, como SciELO, LILACS e o Portal de Periódicos da CAPES e incluímos alguns descritores para nortear a busca: “Educação Física Escolar” “Tecnologia” “Prática Pedagógica”, a partir disso foi incluído todos os textos que tratavam de tecnologia na Educação Física Escolar e excluído os textos que não tratavam da temática. Os artigos abordam a importância da tecnologia como meio de viabilizar o ensino remoto durante a pandemia, apesar das desigualdades sociais que impactam a adesão dos alunos. Além disso, destacam como a tecnologia pode ser uma ferramenta criativa e inovadora para enriquecer as experiências de aprendizagem na Educação Física Escolar, desde a promoção da cultura de paz até a implementação de exergames na atividade física. No entanto, ressalta-se a necessidade de investimentos em infraestrutura e formação dos professores para garantir o sucesso dessas iniciativas.

Palavras-chave: Educação física. Tecnologia. Prática pedagógica.
Exploring Discourse Markers Usage and Challenges in Writing Procedure Texts: A Study on Vocational Students
Authors: Pontiaka Mullynanda , Kristina Diah , Setyaningsih Endang 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to find out how vocational students employ discourse markers for writing procedural texts. Another goal is to investigate the difficulties students faced while writing coherent procedure text with discourse markers. This study applied a content analysis and adopted Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis as the analysis technique. Data were gathered through interviews and documentation. 121 occurrences of discourse markers were found from 21 worksheets. Among the four types identified by Fraser's (2005) framework, it was also discovered that elaborative discourse markers are the most often used type. It is discovered that students are challenged because they are not familiar with discourse markers and have less competence in English. It is concluded that students’ competence affects their use of discourse markers types in writing. The implications are students need more practice in using discourse markers for writing text and procedure text is applicable for vocational students. Then, student's cultural background affects their language competence. Lastly, the researcher expects the future researchers explore strategies to write using discourse markers or factors behind the challenges in using discourse markers.
Nurses’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Implementing Heart Failure Management Guidelines
Authors: Jideofor Racheal C. , Galanza Jefferson S. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Heart failure presents a global concern with significant morbidity and mortality rates. In Nigeria, Heart failure has become prevalent, with patients exhibiting inadequate self-care due to nurses' limited knowledge of management guidelines, lack of motivation to utilize clinical practice guidelines, and difficulties implementing management guidelines that incorporate patient education. The study analyzed the nurses' level of knowledge, degree of attitude, and extent of practicing education on heart failure management guidelines. Also, the relationship between nurses' knowledge and practice in implementing heart failure management guidelines.
Methods: This quantitative study employed a descriptive-correlational survey design. Purposive sampling was employed to select two government-owned hospitals in northeast Nigeria. A stratified random sampling technique was utilized to recruit two hundred twenty (220) nurse respondents. A self-made survey questionnaire was utilized to gain more extensive information from respondents. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation.
Results: The results showed nurses' insufficient knowledge (Mean 14.5 ± 2.91) of heart failure management guidelines, favorable attitude (mean 4.37 ± 0.43), and high extent of practice (mean 4.16 ± 0.66). Furthermore, a very weak, no significant negative correlation was discovered between knowledge and practice of Heart Failure management guidelines.
Conclusions: Nurses showed positive attitudes toward heart failure patient care, yet inconsistently engaged in patient education despite recognizing its benefits. The absence of a relationship between nurses' knowledge and practice of patient education underscores the need to address factors impeding patient education.