bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Absurd Dignity: The Rebel and His Cause in Améry and Camus
Authors: Anderson Ingrid 
Published: February 2017

In “On the Necessity and Impossibility of Being a Jew,” Jean Améry admits that in Europe, “the degradation of the Jews was...identical with the death threat long before Auschwitz. In this regard, Jean-Paul Sartre, already in...his book Anti-Semite and Jew, offered a few perceptions that are still valid today.” In no uncertain terms, Améry aligns his own project to “describe the...unchanging...condition” of the Reich’s victims with Sartre’s 1946 book on anti-Semitism, a philosophical gesture that was not uncommon for left- leaning Jewish intellectuals after the war. According to Robert Misrahi, who discusses at length what he calls Sartre’s “evident good will,” “his manifest care to render justice, and his desire, in the face of the Jews’ great suffering, to address himself to them,” Anti-Semite and Jew was primarily a “powerful affirmation of sympathy” for European Jews and, moreover, “an effective weapon against anti-Semitism.” Misrahi insists that French Jews were “astonished, even stunned for what we (Jews) were used to was hatred and contempt.” Sartre’s repeated assertions that the suffering of European Jewry was undeserved and unwarranted, are underscored by his declaration that Europe’s problem was not, after all, ‘the Jew’ but the anti-Semite, whose sadistic Manichaeism and profound fear of himself and his own instincts and responsibilities, had inverted European values so profoundly as to make genocide ethical. And although Sartre repeatedly emphasizes his intention to analyze primarily the situation of French Jews, he does not fail to connect European anti-Semitism with other forms of racialized hatred; ‘the Jew’ is only a “pretext,” since “elsewhere [the anti-Semite’s] counterpart will make use of the Negro or the man of yellow skin” because anti-Semitism, “in short, is fear of the human condition.” Given the profound radicalism of such declarations at the time, it is not a surprise that Améry confessed and enacted a deep affinity for Sartrean existentialism. And yet, despite Améry’s understandable eagerness to wave the Sartrean flag, Améry’s existentialism is less like Sartre’s, and, consciously or unconsciously, far more like that of Albert Camus. Although Améry never mentions Camus in At the Mind’s Limits, Améry shares Camus’ reverence for rigorous analysis that simultaneously resists the kind of moral and political rigidity that often leads to a falsification of human experience and history. This is perhaps most evident in their overlapping treatments and understandings of human dignity and its solitary champion, the absurdist ‘rebel.’
Améry, Arendt, and the Future of the World
Authors: O'Byrne Anne 
Published: February 2017

Of all the terms Jean Améry might have chosen to explain the deepest effects of torture, the one he selected was world. To be tortured was to lose trust in the world, to become incapable of feeling at home in the world. In July 1943, Améry was arrested by the Gestapo in Belgium and tortured by the SS at the former fortress of Breendonk. With the first blow from the torturers, he famously wrote, one loses trust in the world. With that blow, one can no longer be certain that “by reason of written or unwritten social contracts the other person will spare me—and more precisely stated, that he will respect my physical, and with it also my metaphysical, being.” In a vault inside the fortress, beyond the reach of anyone who might help—a wife, a mother, a brother, a friend—it turned out that all social contracts had been broken and torture was possible. His attackers had no respect for him, and no-one else could or would help.
At the Mind’s Limits and German-Jewish Symbiosis: Or, Améry on Guilt and the Possibility of Redemption
Authors: Erlewine Robert 
Published: February 2017

At the 50th anniversary of the Jean Améry’s Jenseits von Schuld und Sühne: Bewältigungsversuche eines Überwältigten, published in English as At the Mind’s Limits: Contemplations By a Survivor on Auschwitz and its Realities, this work is garnering increased attention in the Anglophone world. Perhaps it should not be surprising that there is increased interest in this book at this moment when our attention is repeatedly drawn to the plight of immigrants and exiles, state sanctioned use of torture, and police violence—all themes At the Mind’s Limits deals with at length. While this recent attention is certainly appropriate, it nevertheless tends to blur the specific and particular socio-political and cultural contours of the work. Améry becomes a writer about the plight of the victim in general, such that specificity of his Jewishness is lost and the already submerged theological dimensions of his work remain obscure.
Impact of the Type of Dialysis Membranes on the Circulating Concentration of Markers of Vitamin D Metabolism
Authors: Cavalier Etienne , Torres Pablo U. , Dubois Bernard E. , Smelten Nicole , Pottel Hans , Krzesinski Jean-Marie , Delanaye Pierre 
Published: February 2017

Introduction Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines recommend vitamin D supplementation in hemodialyzed patients to monitor 25(OH)-vitamin D 25(OH)D levels. However, patient-to-patient inconsistency can be observed in response to the treatment. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of the dialysis membrane on 25(OH)D, albumin (Alb) and vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), the major players of vitamin D transport and storage. Material and Methods Alb (Cobas), VDBP (R&D) and 25(OH)D (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry) were measured in 75 patients before and after a 4-hour dialysis session. Ten dialysis membranes were used: FX10, FX80, FX800, BK-2.1F, BG-2.1U, Rexeed 15 A, Rexeed 21 A, TS 1.8 SL and TS 2.1 SL manque la ELISIO 21H. Accordingly, 13 patients were dialyzed with membranes possessing high adsorption and high cut-off properties (BK), 17 with membranes possessing high adsorption but usual cut-off properties (BG) and all the remaining 45 patients with polysufone (PS) membranes with usual adsorptive and cut-off properties. Among these 45 patients treated with PS, we compared those treated by classical dialysis (HD) (n = 14) and hemodiafiltration (HDF) (n = 31). Results were corrected for total extracellular volume to take into consideration the hemoconcentration after dialysis Results The 3 analytes showed a decreased concentration after the dialysis session. The decrease of ALB, VDBP and 25(OH)D was similar with the adsorptive (BG) and PS membranes. However, patients treated with adsorptive and high cut-off membrane (BK) presented a significantly higher decrease values of Alb (-9.6%[-15.1; -7.5]), of VDBP (-20.6%[-36.6; -17.2] and 25(OH)D (-17%[-27.3; -12.3]) compared to other membranes (BG and PS). When we limited our study to PS membranes, we did not observe any significant difference between the HD or HDF modalities in the decrease for any of the studied parameters. Conclusions A significant loss of Alb, VDBP and 25(OH)D occurs after a dialysis session. This loss is significantly more important when patients are dialyzed with high adsorption and high cut-off dialysis membranes
Differences in the Time Course of Disease Progression, Quality of Life and Health Service Utilization in Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Brandes Iris , Hillemanns Peter , Schippert Cordula 
Published: February 2017

Introduction This study aimed to identify different subgroups (clusters) of patients (n = 182) based on the previously defined variables “age” and “diagnostic delay” in order to identify varying needs of (socio-)medical care. Methods Five clusters were identified by two-step cluster analysis (SPSS 23.0). The mean values for parameters of quality of life, time course of disease progression and health service utilization were compared by chi-square and Kruskal-Wallis H test, and tested for correlations using Spearman's correlation coefficient. Results Clusters I and II patients recognized their endometriosis symptoms at a relatively late age. The results showed a short diagnostic delay and a low subjective disease burden, although cluster I was characterized by a high level of fatigue. Cluster III results indicated that a lack of social support and comparatively long diagnostic delay were major problems in this group. The women in cluster IV had the worst quality-of-life scores and a below-average utilization of services. Statistical analysis showed a significant association between an early age of onset of endometriosis symptoms and a very long delay in diagnosis. These women perceived their menstrual symptoms as “normal” or as “hypochondria”. Cluster V patients were mainly concerned about maintaining their work ability and employment. Conclusions In gynecological practice, special attention should be given to the very young women, as the early onset of endometriosis symptoms and a long delay in diagnosis may indicate the risk of an unfavorable course of the patient's medical and socio-medical history over time.
Therapeutic Ureteral Occlusion with Ifabond Cyanoacrylate Glue: An Interesting Solution
Authors: Oderda Marco , Lacquaniti Sergio , Fraire Flavio , Antolini Jacopo , Camilli Marco , Mandras Roberto , Puccetti Luca , Varvello Francesco , Fasolis Giuseppe 
Published: February 2017

Objective The aim of this study was to present a novel approach for complete and permanent ureteral occlusion using a percutaneous injection of Ifabond cyanoacrylate glue. Methods We describe in detail all the steps of our surgery, performed on a 79-year-old patient with urinary leakage from ureteral stump following radical cystectomy. N-hexyl-cyanoacrylate glue (Ifabond) was used to occlude the distal ureter and solve the leakage. Results Our approach was successful, sparing our already frail patient further surgical procedures. Six months pyelography confirmed the complete ureteral blockage with absence of extravasation. Conclusions In complicated scenarios with urinary leakages and frail patients, synthetic glues such as Ifabond might represent an interesting therapeutic option to solve the fistulas, leading to durable success with a minimally invasive approach.
De kosten van de deelgeschilprocedure: enkele suggesties tot normering
Authors: Boersma L. 
Published: February 2017

De kosten van de deelgeschilprocedure: enkele suggesties tot normering
De praktijk worstelt met de begroting van de omvang van de kosten van deelgeschilprocedures. Dit wordt veroorzaakt door het telkens invulling moeten geven aan de open norm van artikel 1019aa Rv jo. artikel 6:96 lid 2 BW: alleen kosten die ‘redelijk’ zijn, komen voor vergoeding in aanmerking. Een oplossing zou gelegen kunnen zijn in het normeren van deze kosten. In deze bijdrage wordt daartoe een drietal suggesties gedaan. Deze zijn ingegeven door een analyse van alle op www.rechtspraak.nl gepubliceerde uitspraken in deelgeschil sinds de invoering van de Wet deelgeschilprocedure voor letsel- en overlijdensschade in 2010 tot 1 januari 2017.
A pesca em comunidades ribeirinhas na região do médio rio Madeira, Rondônia
Authors: Doria Carolina Rodrigues da Costa , Machado Luiz Fontes , Brasil de Souza Suelen Tacieane , Lima Maria Alice Leite 
Published: February 2017

A importância da pesca na unidade familiar de produção (UFP) e a delimitação dos fatores que a influenciam constituem o hiato na caracterização da atividade em regiões da Amazônia sob minência de impactos de grandes projetos. Este estudo avaliou a dinâmica e a importância da pesca em UFP de comunidades ribeirinhas à jusante da cachoeira do Teotônio (rio Madeira) e a influência na composição e abundância das espécies capturadas, de fatores ambientais, distância dos mercados e destinação da captura. Entre agosto/2009 e julho/2010 (período pré reservatório), 23 famílias registraram informações diárias da atividade que permitiram analisar a captura total e específica de pescado consumido e comercializado e o esforço de pesca. Os resultados demostraram a importância da pesca familiar (produção média: 2.403±2.261kg. família-1.ano-1; e do consumo médio per capita: 440g.dia-1) e padrões entre as comunidades que refetem ambos os fatores ambientais, distância do pescado consumidor e destino da captura.
Assessing accuracy and precision for space‐based measurements of carbon dioxide: An associated statistical methodology revisited
Authors: Su Zhan , Yung Yuk L. , Shia Run‐Lie , Miller Charles E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAnalyzing retrieval accuracy and precision is an important element of space‐based CO2 retrievals. However, this error analysis is sometimes challenging to perform rigorously because of the subtlety of Multivariate Statistics. To help address this issue, we revisit some fundamentals of Multivariate Statistics that help reveal the statistical essence of the associated error analysis. We show that the related statistical methodology is useful for revealing the intrinsic discrepancy and relation between the retrieval error for a nonzero‐variate CO2 state and that for a zero‐variate one. Our study suggests that the two scenarios essentially yield the same‐magnitude accuracy, while the latter scenario yields a better precision than the former. We also use this methodology to obtain a rigorous framework systematically and explore a broadly used approximate framework for analyzing CO2 retrieval errors. The approximate framework introduces errors due to an essential, but often forgotten, fact that a priori climatology in reality is never equal to the true state. Due to the nature of the problem considered, realistic numerical simulations that produce synthetic spectra may be more appropriate than remote sensing data for our specific exploration. As highlighted in our retrieval simulations, utilizing the approximate framework may not be universally satisfactory in assessing the accuracy and precision of Xco2 retrievals (with errors up to 0.17–0.28 ppm and 1.4–1.7 ppm, respectively, at SNR = 400). In situ measurements of CO2 are needed to further our understanding of this issue and related implications.
Second harmonic poloidal waves observed by Van Allen Probes in the dusk‐midnight sector
Authors: Min Kyungguk , Takahashi Kazue , Ukhorskiy Aleksandr Y. , Manweiler Jerry W. , Spence Harlan E. , Singer Howard, J. , Claudepierre Seth G. , Larsen Brian A. , Soto‐Chavez A. Rualdo , Cohen Ross J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper presents observations of ultralow‐frequency (ULF) waves from Van Allen Probes. The event that generated the ULF waves occurred 2 days after a minor geomagnetic storm during a geomagnetically quiet time. Narrowband pulsations with a frequency of about 7 mHz with moderate amplitudes were registered in the premidnight sector when Probe A was passing through an enhanced density region near geosynchronous orbit. Probe B, which passed through the region earlier, did not detect the narrowband pulsations but only broadband noise. Despite the single‐spacecraft measurements, we were able to determine various wave properties. We find that (1) the observed waves are a second harmonic poloidal mode propagating westward with an azimuthal wave number estimated to be ∼100; (2) the magnetic field fluctuations have a finite compressional component due to small but finite plasma beta (∼0.1); (3) the energetic proton fluxes in the energy ranging from above 10 keV to about 100 keV exhibit pulsations with the same frequency as the poloidal mode and energy‐dependent phase delays relative to the azimuthal component of the electric field, providing evidence for drift‐bounce resonance; and (4) the second harmonic poloidal mode may have been excited via the drift‐bounce resonance mechanism with free energy fed by the inward radial gradient of ∼80 keV protons. We show that the wave active region is where the plume overlaps the outer edge of ring current and suggest that this region can have a wide longitudinal extent near geosynchronous orbit.
The interaction of finite‐width reconnection exhaust jets with a dipolar magnetic field configuration
Authors: Pritchett P. L. , Runov A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe structure and properties of earthward propagating exhaust jets produced by a magnetic reconnection source region localized in the out‐of‐plane direction are investigated with 3‐D particle‐in‐cell simulations that incorporate a realistic plasma sheet configuration in which a dipole magnetic field region is connected to an asymptotic tail equilibrium with finite Bz. The jet is found to separate initially into two segments of width ∼10–15di each (di is the ion inertia length). The dawnward segment moves ahead of the duskward one and continues to intensify, while the latter is buffeted by the return flows generated by the former and stagnates. The leading front develops the characteristic structure of a sharp Bz increase and density drop on a 1–2di scale. The current associated with this Bz increase is carried mainly by the electrons, and the jet front is the site of a Region 1 sense field‐aligned current system. The ions develop a moderate temperature anisotropy with Ti||>Ti⊥ ahead of the front, while the electron temperature remains isotropic. The ion heating behind the front is quasi‐adiabatic, while the nonthermal electron tail is enhanced out to the limit of the simulation spectrum (∼15Eth). The ion velocity distribution function behind the front exhibits a strong parallel phase space enhancement at speeds ∼0.5VA associated with the earthward flow, while closer to the dipole region there is a drop out in parallel phase space at speeds of ∼1.5–2.5VA. The electron distribution is isotropic with an enhanced central plateau extending out to ∼4VA.
Seasonal variation of gravity wave parameters using different filter methods with daylight lidar measurements at midlatitudes
Authors: Baumgarten K. , Gerding M. , Lübken F.‐J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe daylight‐capable Rayleigh‐Mie‐Raman (RMR) lidar at the midlatitude station in Kühlungsborn (54°N, 12°E) is in operation since 2010. The RMR lidar system is used to investigate different fractions of atmospheric waves, like gravity waves (GW) and thermal tides (with diurnal, semidiurnal, and terdiurnal components) at day and night. About 6150 h of data have been acquired until 2015. The general challenge for GW observations is the separation of different wave contributions from the observed superposition of GW, tides, or even longer periodic waves. Unfiltered lidar data always include such a superposition. We applied a Butterworth filter to separate GW and tides by vertical wavelength with a cutoff wavelength of 15 km and by observed periods with a cutoff period of 8 h. GW activity and characteristics are derived in an altitude range between 30 and 70 km. The retrieved vertically filtered temperature deviations contain GW with small vertical wavelengths over a broad range of periods, while only a small range of periods is included in the temporally filtered temperature deviations. We observe an annual variation of the wave activity for unfiltered and vertically filtered data, which is caused from tides and inertia gravity waves. In contrast to that, filtering in time leads to a weak semiannual variation for gravity waves with periods of 4–8 h, especially in higher altitudes. During summer, these waves have the half of the total amount of the potential energy budget compared to the unfiltered data. This shows the importance of waves with periods smaller than 8 h.
Secukinumab and Sustained Improvement in Signs and Symptoms of Patients With Active Ankylosing Spondylitis Through Two Years: Results From a Phase III Study
Authors: Marzo‐Ortega H. , Sieper J. , Kivitz A. , Blanco R. , Cohen M. , Martin R. , Readie A. , Richards H. B. , Porter B. ,   on behalf of the Measure 2 Study Group
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveSecukinumab improved the signs and symptoms of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) over 52 weeks in the phase III MEASURE 2 study. Here, we report longer‐term (104 weeks) efficacy and safety results.MethodsPatients with active AS were randomized to subcutaneous secukinumab 150 mg, 75 mg, or placebo at baseline; weeks 1, 2, and 3; and every 4 weeks from week 4. The primary end point was the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society criteria for 20% improvement (ASAS20) response rate at week 16. Other end points included ASAS40, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, ASAS5/6, Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index, Short Form 36 health survey physical component summary, ASAS partial remission, EuroQol 5‐domain measure, and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy fatigue subscale. End points were assessed through week 104, with multiple imputation for binary variables and a mixed‐effects model repeated measures for continuous variables.ResultsOf 219 randomized patients, 60 of 72 (83.3%) and 57 of 73 (78.1%) patients completed 104 weeks of treatment with secukinumab 150 mg and 75 mg, respectively; ASAS20/ASAS40 response rates at week 104 were 71.5% and 47.5% with both secukinumab doses, respectively. Clinical improvements with secukinumab were sustained through week 104 across all secondary end points. Across the entire treatment period (mean secukinumab exposure 735.6 days), exposure‐adjusted incidence rates for serious infections and infestations, Crohn's disease, malignant or unspecified tumors, and major adverse cardiac events with secukinumab were 1.2, 0.7, 0.5, and 0.7 per 100 patient‐years, respectively. No cases of tuberculosis reactivation, opportunistic infections, or suicidal ideation were reported.ConclusionSecukinumab provided sustained improvement through 2 years in the signs and symptoms of AS, with a safety profile consistent with previous reports.
Copper‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylic Alkylation of β‐Keto Esters with Allylic Alcohols
Authors: Trillo Paz , Baeza Alejandro 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe asymmetric allylic alkylation reaction of β‐keto esters catalyzed by copper complex tBuBOX‐Cu(OTf)2 employing allylic alcohols as environmentally friendly electrophilic partner, is herein described. This new protocol renders in general the corresponding allylic products with two consecutive all‐carbon stereocenters in good both yields and enantioselectivities and with low to modest diastereoselection. The regioselectivity of the process seems to be governed by the formation of the most stable olefin according to the results obtained when non‐symmetrically substituted alcohols were employed. The scope, limitations and mechanistic aspects of the process are also discussed.magnified image
Selective C(sp2)−H Functionalization of Arenes for Amination Reactions by Using Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Pandey Ganesh , Singh Deepak , Laha Ramkrishna 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHerein, we report a mild and simple method for the highly selective C(sp2)−H amination reaction of arenes through visible‐light‐mediated photoredox catalysis with various amines, including imidazole, triazole, and tetrazole. This procedure has broad application for a range of aromatic compounds and heterocycles.
Stereoselective Synthesis of Anti‐Hepatitis B Drug, Entecavir, through Regio‐ and Stereoselective Epoxide Cleavage
Authors: Hyun Young Eum , Kim Hong‐Rae , Choi Yongseok , Jeong Lak Shin 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA stereoselective synthesis of entecavir, an anti‐hepatitis B (HBV) drug, was accomplished by a regioselective isopropylidene cleavage, stereoselective Sharpless epoxidation, and TiIII‐mediated regio‐ and stereoselective epoxide cleavage as key steps.