bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tongue motion variability with changes of upper airway stimulation electrode configuration and effects on treatment outcomes
Authors: Steffen Armin , Kilic Ayse , König Inke R. , Suurna Maria V. , Hofauer Benedikt , Heiser Clemens 
Published: December 2017

Objectives/HypothesisUpper airway stimulation (UAS) is an effective treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Previous data have demonstrated a correlation between the phenotype of tongue motion and therapy response. Closed loop hypoglossal nerve stimulation implant offers five different electrode configuration settings which may result in different tongue motion.Study DesignTwo‐center, prospective consecutive trial in a university hospital setting.MethodsClinical outcomes of 35 patients were analyzed after at least 12 months of device use. Tongue motion was assessed at various electrode configuration settings. Correlation between the tongue motion and treatment response was evaluated.ResultsOSA severity was significantly reduced with the use of UAS therapy (P < .001). Changes in tongue motion patterns were frequently observed (58.8%) with different electrode configuration settings. Most of the patients alternated between right and bilateral protrusion (73.5%), which are considered to be the optimal phenotypes for selective UAS responses. Different voltage settings were required to achieve functional stimulation levels when changing between the electrode settings.ConclusionsUAS is highly effective for OSA treatment in selected patients with an apnea‐hypopnea index between 15 and 65 events per hour and higher body mass index. Attention should be given to patients with shifting tongue movement in response to change of electrode configuration. The intraoperative cuff placement should be reassessed when tongue movement shifting is observed.Level of Evidence4 Laryngoscope, 1970–1976, 2018
Silent aspiration: Who is at risk?
Authors: Velayutham Priatharisiny , Irace Alexandria L. , Kawai Kosuke , Dodrill Pamela , Perez Jennifer , Londahl Monica , Mundy Lauren , Dombrowski Natasha D. , Rahbar Reza 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of silent aspiration in pediatric patients and identify which diagnoses may be associated with this finding.MethodsAn institutional review board‐approved retrospective review was conducted for all patients under the age of 18 who underwent modified barium swallow (MBS) studies at a tertiary children's hospital in 2015. Speech‐language pathologists reviewed MBS studies to identify aspiration/silent aspiration on each fluid consistency tested. Charts were reviewed to collect demographic information and the otolaryngologic, neurologic, genetic, and syndromic diagnoses of each patient.ResultsAmong 1,286 patients who underwent MBS, 440 (34%) demonstrated aspiration. Within the aspiration group, 393 (89%) specifically demonstrated silent aspiration. Thin fluids were silently aspirated in 81% of these patients. Of children aged <6 months, 41% were found to aspirate and, of those, 95% silently aspirated. Median age at which patients demonstrated silent aspiration was 1.1 years. Silent aspiration was documented in 41% of patients with laryngeal cleft, 41% of patients with laryngomalacia, and 54% of patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Laryngeal cleft, laryngomalacia, unilateral vocal fold paralysis, developmental delay, epilepsy/seizures, syndrome, and congenital heart disease were all associated with silent aspiration.ConclusionSilent aspiration may be associated with a number of underlying conditions and is more common than previously described. Caregivers and clinicians should be aware that the absence of cough does not eliminate the possibility of aspiration. Modified barium swallow studies can reveal silent aspiration, which is difficult to detect on clinical feeding evaluation. Modified barium swallow findings can guide feeding therapy and the overall management of aspiration.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 1952–1957, 2018
Structural Evolution of UHMWPE Fibers during Prestretching Far and Near Melting Temperature: An In Situ Synchrotron Radiation Small‐ and Wide‐Angle X‐Ray Scattering Study
Authors: Cao Tian , Chen Xiaowei , Lin Yuanfei , Meng Lingpu , Wan Caixia , Lv Fei , Li Liangbin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCombining a homemade extension apparatus and the in situ synchrotron radiation small‐ and wide‐angle X‐ray scattering methods for measurement, the structural evolutions of gel‐spun ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibers during prestretching at temperatures of 25 and 100 °C are investigated, respectively. Lamellar rotation toward the stretching direction occurs before strain hardening, while the folded‐chain crystal destruction and extended‐chain fibril formation processes occur in the strain hardening zone at 25 °C. While at 100 °C, stretching induced crystal melting before the stress plateau region and formation of fibrous crystals at the onset of the stress plateau are observed. Further stretching results in shear displacement of crystal blocks and, finally, destruction of the folded‐chain crystals and formation of extended‐chain fibrils. Prestretching UHMWPE fibers at 100 °C within a certain strain range can produce highly oriented fibrous crystals, which may provide an ideal precursor structure for the poststretching process.
Phosphorus‐Containing Polymer Flame Retardants for Aliphatic Polyesters
Authors: Schwarzer Madeleine , Korwitz Andreas , Komber Hartmut , Häußler Liane , Dittrich Bettina , Schartel Bernhard , Pospiech Doris 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPolyesters with 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxy‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene‐10‐oxide‐containing comonomers are synthesized aiming to improve the flame retardancy of aliphatic polyesters such as poly(butylene succinate) and poly(butylene sebacate). The influence of the chemical structure on the thermal decomposition and pyrolysis is examined using a combination of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), TGA‐Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, pyrolysis‐gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and microscale combustion flow calorimetry. Thermal decomposition pathways are derived and used to select suitable candidates as flame retardants for PBS. The fire behavior of the selected polymers is evaluated by forced‐flaming combustion in a cone calorimeter. The materials show two modes of action for flame retardancy: strong flame inhibition due to the release of a variety of molecules combined with charring in the solid state.
Effect of hay supplementation timing on rumen microbiota in suckling calves
Authors: Lin Xueyan , Wang jian , Hou Qiuling , Wang Yun , Hu Zhiyong , Shi Kerong , Yan Zhengui , Wang Zhonghua 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn animal feeding trial was conducted on 18 seven‐day‐old Holstein dairy bull calves weighing 42 ± 3 kg each. Calves were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6 each). The dietary treatments were as follows: (1) milk and starter for the control group (MS), (2) supplementation of oat hay from week 2 on the basis of milk and starter (MSO2), and (3) supplementation of oat hay from week 6 on the basis of milk and starter (MSO6). All animals were fed starter and oat hay ad libitum. The major phyla in the different groups of rumen fluid included Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Euryarchaeota. The major genera were identified, and major genera proportions in the three groups were as follows: Methanobrevibacter (Euryarchaeota), 2.1%, 1.7%, and 2.1%; Olsenella (Actinobacteria), 23.9%, 17.7%, and 12.8%; Prevotella (Bacteroidetes), 10.5%, 16.5%, and 19.2%; Dialister (Firmicutes), 3.3%, 4.1%, and 2.8%; Succiniclasticum (Firmicutes), 3.8%, 4.7%, and 9.2%; and Sharpea (Firmicutes), 0.4%, 2.5%, and 0.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the various phyla among the three groups (p > .05). The results showed that calves hay supplementation time did not affect the diversity of the rumen microbiota in the suckling calves. However, the hay supplementation altered the proportion of the various microbial populations, supplementation of oat hay from week 2 on the basis of milk and starter could improve calves rumen pH.
3,4‐diaminopyridine base effectively treats the weakness of Lambert‐Eaton myasthenia
Authors: Sanders Donald B. , Juel Vern C. , Harati Yadollah , Smith A. Gordon , Peltier Amanda C. , Marburger Tessa , Lou Jau‐Shin , Pascuzzi Robert M. , Richman David P. , Xie Tai , Demmel Valentin , Jacobus Laura R. , Aleš Kathy L. , Jacobus David P. ,   The Dapper Study Team
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: 3,4‐diaminopyridine has been used to treat Lambert‐Eaton myasthenia (LEM) for 30 years despite the lack of conclusive evidence of efficacy.Methods: We conducted a randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled withdrawal study in patients with LEM who had been on stable regimens of 3,4‐diaminopyridine base (3,4‐DAP) for ≥ 3 months. The primary efficacy endpoint was >30% deterioration in triple timed up‐and‐go (3TUG) times during tapered drug withdrawal. The secondary endpoint was self‐assessment of LEM–related weakness (W‐SAS).Results: Thirty‐two participants were randomized to continuous 3,4‐DAP or placebo groups. None of the 14 participants who received continuous 3,4‐DAP had > 30% deterioration in 3TUG time versus 72% of the 18 who tapered to placebo (P < 0.0001). W‐SAS similarly demonstrated an advantage for continuous treatment over placebo (P < 0.0001). Requirement for rescue and adverse events were more common in the placebo group.Discussion: This trial provides significant evidence of efficacy of 3,4‐DAP in the maintenance of strength in LEM.Muscle Nerve57: 561–568, 2018
On matched active redundancy allocation for coherent systems with statistically dependent component lifetimes
Authors: Fang Rui , Li Xiaohu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis study addresses the allocation of matched active redundancy components to coherent systems with base components having statistically dependent lifetimes. We consider base component lifetimes and redundancy component lifetimes which are both stochastic arrangement monotone with respect to a pair of components given the lifetimes of the other components. In this context, allocating a more reliable redundancy component to the weaker base component is shown to incur a stochastically larger system lifetime. Numerical examples are presented as an illustration of the theoretical results.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Changes Related to Age and Calorie Restriction in Rat Liver Tissue
Authors: Kim YounAh , Kwon Oh Kwang , Chae Sehyun , Jung Hee‐Jung , Ahn Sanghyun , Jeon Ju Mi , Sung Eunji , Kim SunJoo , Ki Sung Hwan , Chung Ki Wung , Chung Hae Young , Jung Young Suk , Hwang Dae Hee , Lee Sangkyu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCalorie restriction (CR) is the most frequently studied mechanism for increasing longevity, protecting against stress, and delaying age‐associated diseases. Most studies have initiated CR in young animals to determine the protective effects against aging. Although aging phenomena are well‐documented, the molecular mechanisms of aging and CR remain unclear. In this study, we observe changes in hepatic proteins upon age‐related and diet‐restricted changes in the rat liver using quantitative proteomics. Quantitative proteomes are measured using tandem mass tag labeling followed by LC‐MS/MS. We compare protein levels in livers from young (6 months old) and old (25 months old) rats with 40% calorie‐restricted (YCR and OCR, respectively) or ad libitum diets. In total, 44 279 peptides and 3134 proteins are identified and 260 differentially expressed proteins are found. Functional enrichment analysis show that these proteins are mainly involved in glucose and fatty acid metabolism‐related processes, consistent with the theory that energy metabolism regulation is dependent on age‐related and calorie‐restricted changes in liver tissue. In addition, proteins mediating inflammation and gluconeogenesis are increased in OCR livers, but not YCR livers. These results show that CR in old rats might not have antiaging benefits because liver inflammation is increased.
Characterization of the Proteome of Theobroma cacao Beans by Nano‐UHPLC‐ESI MS/MS
Authors: Scollo Emanuele , Neville David , Oruna‐Concha M. Jose , Trotin Martine , Cramer Rainer 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCocoa seed storage proteins play an important role in flavour development as aroma precursors are formed from their degradation during fermentation. Major proteins in the beans of Theobroma cacao are the storage proteins belonging to the vicilin and albumin classes. Although both these classes of proteins have been extensively characterized, there is still limited information on the expression and abundance of other proteins present in cocoa beans. This work is the first attempt to characterize the whole cocoa bean proteome by nano‐UHPLC‐ESI MS/MS analysis using tryptic digests of cocoa bean protein extracts. The results of this analysis show that >1000 proteins could be identified using a species‐specific Theobroma cacao database. The majority of the identified proteins were involved with metabolism and energy. Additionally, a significant number of the identified proteins were linked to protein synthesis and processing. Several proteins were also involved with plant response to stress conditions and defence. Albumin and vicilin storage proteins showed the highest intensity values among all detected proteins, although only seven entries were identified as storage proteins. A comparison of MS/MS data searches carried out against larger non‐specific databases confirmed that using a species‐specific database can increase the number of identified proteins, and at the same time reduce the number of false positives. The results of this work will be useful in developing tools that can allow the comparison of the proteomic profile of cocoa beans from different genotypes and geographic origins. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD005586.
Synthesis and properties of ultralow dielectric porous polyimide films containing adamantane
Authors: Lv Pengxia , Dong Zhixin , Dai Xuemin , Wang Hanfu , Qiu Xuepeng 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTA series of novel ultralow dielectric porous polyimide (PI) films containing adamantane groups was prepared via the thermolysis of polyethylene glycol (PEG) oligomers mixed into PI matrix. Scanning electron microscopy results indicated that the porous PI films showed closed pores with an average diameter of 120 ± 10 nm. Good thermal properties with 5% weight loss temperature of 499 °C in air atmosphere and glass transition temperature in excess of 310 °C were shown for porous PI films. Notably, the ultralow dielectric constant of porous PI films with 1.85 at 1 MHz was obtained and revealed via broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The effects of the chemical structure of the PI matrix and PEG content on the decomposition behavior of PEG and the performance of porous films were investigated. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction results indicated that the PI matrix with large d‐spacing generated weaker interactions between the PEG and PI backbone than those of PI matrix with small d‐spacing. As a result, the PEG for the PI matrix with large d‐spacing was completely decomposed. As indicated by the broadband dielectric spectroscopy results, lower dielectric porous PI films were prepared when the PEG contents in the PI matrix increased from 0 to 20 wt %. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 549–559
Polydispersed Powders (Nd3+:YVO4) for Ultra Efficient Random Lasers
Authors: Wetter Niklaus U. , Giehl Julia M. , Butzbach Felix , Anacleto Danilo , Jiménez‐Villar Ernesto 
Published: December 2017

AbstractRandom lasers hold the potential for cheap, coherent light sources that can be miniaturized and molded into any shape with several other added benefits such as speckle‐free imaging; however, they require improvements specifically in terms of efficiency. This paper details for the first time a strategy for increasing the efficiency of a random laser that consists in using smaller particles, trapped between large particles to serve as absorption and gain centers whereas the large particles control mainly the light diffusion into the sample. Measurements of backscattering cone, sample absorption, reflection, and laser emission are used to determine the samples' transport mean free path, fill fractions, laser efficiency, and the average photon path lengths inside the scattering medium for backscattered pump photons. A record slope efficiency of 50% is reached by optimizing pump photon diffusion and absorption in a powder pellet composed by a polydispersed particle size distribution (smaller particles between bigger ones) from a grinded and sieved 1.33 mol% yttrium vanadate doped with neodymium crystal with mean particle size of 54 µm.
A Palladium‐Doped Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanosheet with High Peroxidase‐Like Activity: Preparation, Characterization, and Application in Glucose Detection
Authors: Jin Xin , Zhong Yingying , Chen Lian , Xu Liangjun , Wu Yongning , Fu FengFu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHerein, a novel palladium‐doped graphitic carbon nitride nanosheet (g‐C3N4‐PdNPs) is reported. The prepared g‐C3N4‐PdNPs has a 6.7 and 14.0 times higher peroxidase‐like activity in comparison with pure Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) nanosheets respectively, and can be stably stored for 3 months. The high peroxidase‐like activity make g‐C3N4‐PdNPs effectively catalyze H2O2‐mediation oxidization of 3,3,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine to generate a color change from colorless to blue under lower concentration level and shorter time. The g‐C3N4‐PdNPs can be used as peroxidase mimetic to develop sensitive and specific colorimetric method for the rapid detection of glucose in the serum, and to fabricate a simple and cheap portable test kit for instrument‐free visual detection of glucose in serum. The portable test kit possesses obvious advantages such as low‐cost, short detection time, tiny sample consumption, excellent specificity, and higher visual sensitivity. The visual detection limit of portable test kit is lower than the glucose concentration in the serum of a diabetic. Using portable test kit, the glucose in serum can be visually detected by bare eye observation within 30 min with only 30 µL serum consumption. The success of this study provided a potential approach for low‐cost and instrument‐free “see” diabetes in clinical early diagnosis.
Overcoming the Interfacial Lattice Mismatch: Geometry Control of Gold–Nickel Bimetallic Heteronanostructures
Authors: Li Guangfang Grace , Blom Douglas A. , Pandey Shubham , Koch Robert J. , Misture Scott T. , Phillpot Simon R. , Wang Hui 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSeed‐mediated heteroepitaxial growth provides a versatile synthetic approach to a diverse set of geometrically distinct bimetallic heteronanostructures. In bimetallic nanocrystal systems, interfacial heteroepitaxial growth typically occurs between structurally similar metals with lattice mismatch below 5%, whereas controlled epitaxial growth of bimetallic nanocrystals comprising metals with larger lattice mismatches or even dissimilar crystalline structures has long been challenging. Here, the epitaxial growth of both face‐centered cubic (fcc) and hexagonal close‐packed (hcp) Ni on fcc Au nanocrystal seeds in polyol solvents is systematically investigated, to shed light on the complex mechanisms underpinning the intriguing geometric evolution of lattice‐mismatched bimetallic nanocrystals during seed‐mediated heteroepitaxial overgrowth. The success in geometry‐controlled syntheses of a series of Au–Ni bimetallic heteronanostructures, such as conformal core–shell nanoparticles, asymmetric heterodimers, and multibranched core–satellite nanocrystals, represents a significant step toward the extension of nanoscale interfacial heteroepitaxy from lattice‐matched bimetallic systems to the ones exhibiting large lattice mismatches and even dissimilar crystalline structures. The insights gained from this work serve as a central design principle that guides the development of new synthetic approaches to architecturally sophisticated and compositionally diverse multimetallic heteronanostructures.
High‐Performance Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis Enabled by 3D PdNi Nanocorals with Hierarchical Porosity
Authors: Liu Zhenyuan , Yang Xiaoyu , Cui Lirui , Shi Zhaoping , Lu Bingqing , Guo Xiaomeng , Zhang Jubing , Xu Lin , Tang Yawen , Xiang Yan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCost‐effective electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) play pivotal roles in energy conversion and storage processes. Designing a 3D networked bimetallic nanostructure with hierarchical porosity represents a reliable and effective strategy for the advancement of electrocatalysts with greatly improved activity and stability. However, it still remains a tremendous challenge in fabricating such fantastic nanostructure via a feasible and economical approach. Herein, a facile cyanogel‐bridged synthetic strategy is demonstrated to fabricate PdNi 3D nanocorals with hierarchical porosity. The elaborate integration of electronic and geometric effects endows the as‐fabricated PdNi 3D nanocorals with substantially enhanced activity and durability toward the ORR, as compared with the monometallic counterparts (pure Ni and Pd), PdNi nanoparticles, and commercial Pd black catalyst. More importantly, even after 5000 cycles of accelerated durability tests, the PdNi nanocorals can still maintain well in the catalytic activities, composition, and architectural features. It is believed that the as‐synthesized PdNi nanocorals may hold great promise in practical fuel cells and industrial applications. Furthermore, due to its simplicity and scale‐up production capability, the present cyanogel‐bridged synthetic strategy provides an attractive method for achieving other bi/trimetallic nanoalloys with both structural and compositional advantages for diverse electrochemical applications and beyond.
The Impact of the Glomerular Filtration Rate on the Human Plasma Proteome
Authors: Christensson Anders , Ash Jessica A. , DeLisle Robert K. , Gaspar Fraser W. , Ostroff Rachel , Grubb Anders , Lindström Veronica , Bruun Laila , Williams Steve A. 
Published: December 2017

PurposeThe application of proteomics in chronic kidney disease (CKD) can potentially uncover biomarkers and pathways that are predictive of disease.Experimental designWithin this context, this study examines the relationship between the human plasma proteome and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as measured by iohexol clearance in a cohort from Sweden (n = 389; GFR range: 8–100 mL min–1/1.73 m2). A total of 2893 proteins are quantified using a modified aptamer assay.ResultsA large proportion of the proteome is associated with GFR, reinforcing the concept that CKD affects multiple physiological systems (individual protein–GFR correlations listed here). Of these, cystatin C shows the most significant correlation with GFR (rho = –0.85, p = 1.2 × 10−97), establishing strong validation for the use of this biomarker in CKD diagnostics. Among the other highly significant protein markers are insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein 6, neuroblastoma suppressor of tumorigenicity 1, follistatin‐related protein 3, trefoil factor 3, and beta‐2 microglobulin. These proteins may indicate an imbalance in homeostasis across a variety of cellular processes, which may be underlying renal dysfunction.Conclusions and clinical relevanceOverall, this study represents the most extensive characterization of the plasma proteome and its relation to GFR to date, and suggests the diagnostic and prognostic value of proteomics for CKD across all stages.