bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proposing Essential Medicines to Treat Cancer: Methodologies, Processes, and Outcomes
Authors: Shulman Lawrence N. , Wagner Claire M. , Barr Ronald , Lopes Gilberto , Longo Giuseppe , Robertson Jane , Forte Gilles , Torode Julie , Magrini Nicola 
Published: November 2015

Purpose A great proportion of the world's cancer burden resides in low- and middle-income countries where cancer care infrastructure is often weak or absent. Although treatment of cancer is multidisciplinary, involving surgery, radiation, systemic therapies, pathology, radiology, and other specialties, selection of medicines that have impact and are affordable has been particularly challenging in resource-constrained settings. In 2014, at the invitation of the WHO, the Union for International Cancer Control convened experts to develop an approach to propose essential cancer medicines to be included in the WHO Model Essential Medicines Lists (EML) for Adults and for Children, as well as a resulting new list of cancer medicines. Methods Experts identified 29 cancer types with potential for maximal treatment impact, on the basis of incidence and benefit of systemic therapies. More than 90 oncology experts from all continents drafted and reviewed disease-based documents outlining epidemiology, diagnostic needs, treatment options, and benefits and toxicities. Results Briefing documents were created for each disease, along with associated standard treatment regimens, resulting in a list of 52 cancer medicines. A comprehensive application was submitted as a revision to the existing cancer medicines on the WHO Model Lists. In May 2015, the WHO announced the addition of 16 medicines to the Adult EML and nine medicines to the Children's EML. Conclusion The list of medications proposed, and the ability to link each recommended medicine to specific diseases, should allow public officials to apply resources most effectively in developing and supporting nascent or growing cancer treatment programs.
Improvement of Façades' Sound Insulation of Schools near the Bergamo - Orio al Serio International Airport: Case Study
Authors: Torchia Francesca , Ricciardi Paola , Scrosati Chiara , Scamoni Fabio 
Published: November 2015

In recent years the acoustic qualification of buildings has gained more and more importance at international level. Building renovation is one of the most common ways to improve the acoustic quality of the existing buildings; in particular, schools buildings are the ones that need more attention. In this context, the sound insulation requirements, especially for buildings near airport zones, play a role of primary importance. This paper analyses the data of a campaign of inspections and on-site measurements of façade sound insulation, concerning five public school buildings, close to the international airport of Bergamo - Orio al Serio. The analysis consisted in checking the sound insulation of buildings, after selecting classrooms with common characteristics, based on an accurate preliminary investigation involving more than 395 different characteristics of frames and glass windows. After having determined the D2 m,nT,w, the most appropriate technological solutions for a refurbishment project were determined. Finally, the improved façade sound insulation was verified. The refurbishment project took place in 15 classrooms, characterised by a pre-treatment D2 m,nT,w lower than 38 dB. Experimental post-treatment results showed that all classrooms satisfied the required basic performance of D2 m,nT,w, and 13 of them fulfilled the high performance requirement of 43 dB, established in the Italian acoustic classification.
Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship of anesthetic drugs: from modeling to clinical use
Authors: Billard Valerie 
Published: November 2015

Anesthesia is a combination of unconsciousness, amnesia, and analgesia, expressed in sleeping patients by limited reaction to noxious stimulations. It is achieved by several classes of drugs, acting mainly on central nervous system. Compared to other therapeutic families, the anesthetic drugs, administered by intravenous or pulmonary route, are quickly distributed in the blood and induce in a few minutes effects that are fully reversible within minutes or hours. These effects change in parallel with the concentration of the drug, and the concentration time course of the drug follows with a reasonable precision mathematical models based on the Fick principle.Therefore, understanding concentration time course allows adjusting the dosing delivery scheme in order to control the effects. The purpose of this short review is to describe the basis of pharmacokinetics and modeling, the concentration-effects relationship, and drug interactions modeling to offer to anesthesiologists and non-anesthesiologists an overview of the rules to follow to optimize anesthetic drug delivery.
Sur le pavé la fibre optique: Para uma (In)Definição da Arqueologia dos Media
Authors: Neves Nuno Miguel 
Published: November 2015

Recensão crítica de Jussi PARIKKA, What is Media Archaeology?, London: Polity, 2012, 200 pp. ISBN 978-0745650265.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/2182-8830_3-1_24
Reproductive traits of Porcellio variabilis Lucas,
1946 (Isopoda, Oniscidea) from Tunisia
Authors: Medini-Bouaziz Lamia , El-Gtari Mohamed , Charfi-Cheikhrouha Faouzia 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The breeding phenology and
reproductive strategies of Porcellio variabilis
were investigated, both in field and laboratory,
in the population of Béja (North of Tunisia).
P. variabilis Lucas, 1946 is characterized by a seasonal
reproduction period followed by a sexual rest phase
during November, December and January. Mean fecundity
showed a great seasonal variation ranging between 29.612
eggs for females caught in the late summer, and 125.920
eggs for those collected in the spring. P. variabilis is an
iteroparous species; females were able to produce one
(95% of females), two (40% of females) or three broods
(20% of females) during their reproduction period. The
duration of the gestation period ranged from 34 days in
the first brood to 14 days in the third one. Energy allocated
to reproduction decreased from the first brood (26.29%)
to the last one (4.618%). During the sampling period,
eight cohorts were identified, each exhibiting a variable
life span estimated around 6 months for cohorts born
in early spring, and 12 months for those born in the fall.
According to our present results and previous studies in
another population of P. variabilis in Tunisia, we discuss
factors of variability in breeding phenology in this species.
Differences in haematology and respiratory
system morphology at three neogobiid species
Authors: Halačka Karel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Gill characteristics and the size and number
of erythrocytes were observed for three species of goby:
Neogobius melanostomus, N. fluviatilis and N. kessleri.
While erythrocyte size was similar in all species, N.
fluviatilis had a statistically higher erythrocyte count.
Significant differences were found in gill apparatus
structure, with N. melanostomus having 25% and 50%
greater gill contact area than N. kessleri and N. fluviatilis,
respectively. Secretory goblet cells, which produce a
protective mucous, were also present in highest numbers
in N. melanostomus gill tissues. These physiological
and morphological differences may be one reason for
differences observed in the invasiveness of these three
species.
Topography and nanostructural evaluation of chemically and thermally modified titanium substrates
Authors: Salemi Hoda , Behnamghader Aliasghar , Afshar Abdollah 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn this research, the effects of chemical and thermal treatment on the morphological and compositional aspects of titanium substrates and so, potentially, on development of biomimetic bone like layers formation during simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking was investigated. The HF, HF/HNO
New patterns of relapse in multiple myeloma: a case of “light chain escape” in which FLC predicted relapse earlier than urine and serum immunofixation
Authors: Caldini Anna , Nozzoli Chiara , Terreni Alessandro , Staderini Michela , Berardi Margherita , Biagioli Tiziana , Brogi Marco , Bosi Alberto 
Published: November 2015

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) is characterized, in about 80% of cases, by the production of monoclonal intact immunoglobulin and more than 95% of them have elevated concentrations of involved (i.e. of the same class of intact immunoglobulin) free light chain (FLC). The introduction of novel therapeutic strategies has changed the natural history of the disease, leading to new manifestations of relapse. Light chain escape (LCE) is a pattern of relapse in which the FLC increase is not accompanied by a concomitant raise of the original monoclonal component (MC). Here we present a case of a 55-year-old man with an IgG kappa MM stage III diagnosed in September 2007. At presentation an IgG kappa MC and urine Bence Jones protein (BJP) kappa were present. Bone marrow biopsy (BMB) showed the presence of 80% monotypic kappa plasma cells (PCs). The patient received bortezomib, thalidomide, dexamethasone before undergoing a double autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in October 2008 and April 2009. In May 2011 he relapsed showing the same pattern of presentation and treatment with lenalidomide and dexamethasone was started. ln May 2013 serum and urine immunofixation and FLC became negative. In September 2014, an increase of kappa FLC was observed, while serum and urine immunofixations remained negative until January 2015, when urine immunofixation became positive. Eventually, in February 2015, serum immunofixation revealed the presence of a free kappa MC. After a new BMB showing 80% of monotypic kappa PCs, a LCE relapse was diagnosed and the patient started the treatment with bendamustine, bortezomib and dexamethasone. In the present case, the increase of kappa FLC has indicated relapse 4 and 5 months earlier than urine and serum IFE, respectively. Our observation confirms that it is advisable to routinely perform FLC or BJP during follow up of MM patients undergoing ASCT and/or treatment with biological drugs to ensure that LCE is not missed.
Adsorption desulphurisation of dimethyl sulphide using nickel-based Y zeolites pretreated by hydrogen reduction
Authors: Yu Xiao-Ling , Lu Yan-Nan , Huang Huan , Yi De-Zhi , Shi Li , Meng Xuan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA series of nickel-modified Y zeolites were prepared for the adsorption of dimethyl sulphide (DMS) in liquid hydrocarbon streams. The adsorption desulphurisation performance was investigated under ambient conditions of nickel-based adsorbents developed by the liquid-phase ion exchange (LPIE) method and the incipient wetness impregnation (IWI) method with and without the ultrasonic aid technique. It was found that the nickel-modified Y zeolite prepared by the IWI method with the ultrasonic aid technique with hydrogen reduction demonstrated a high sulphur capacity of 69.9 mg of S per g of sorbent at a break-through sulphur level of 10 μg g
A new high-temperature inorganic–organic proton conductor: lanthanum sulfophenyl phosphate
Authors: Song Ming-Feng , Li Zhong-Fang , Liu Guo-Hong , Wang Su-Wen , Yin Xiao-Yan , Wang Yu-Xin 
Published: November 2015

AbstractLanthanum sulfophenyl phosphate (LaSPP) was synthesized by m-sulfophenyl phosphonic acid and lanthanum nitrate. UV-Vis spectrophotometry and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicate that the desired product was obtained and its elementary composition and typical layered structure were determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) proved its typical layered structure and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy indicated its good crystallinity and the interlayer distance of about 15.67 Å , which matches the value obtained by TEM (2.0 nm). Thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis revealed good thermal stability of LaSPP. Proton conductivity of LaSPP was measured at different temperatures and relative humidities (RH), reaching values of 0.123 S cm
Autonomous Flyback Converter for Energy Harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Khaled F. , Allard B. , Ondel O. , Vollaire C. 
Published: November 2015

Cover letter
An autonomous flyback converter was designed for energy harvesting from Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs). The circuit was optimized to minimize the losses and maximize the efficiency. A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm was implanted in the converter to extract the maximum power available from MFC. Discontinuous conduction mode operation of the flyback allows controlling the MPP operation by impedance matching. The flyback can start-up at low voltage, around 300 mV. The output open circuit voltage is about 20 V and the voltage at MPP is 6.4 V with a maximum efficiency of 71.2%.

Abstract: Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) use bacteria as the catalysts to oxidize organic matter and generate electricity. This energy can be used to supply low power electronic systems. A power management unit between the MFCs and the load is required to adapt the voltage and control the operation. The low voltage and low power characteristics of MFCs prohibit the use of standard converter topologies since the threshold voltage of standard CMOS transistors in CMOS technology is higher than the output voltage of MFCs. A low-voltage start-up sub-circuit is required to charge a primary capacitor to supply the driver. A specific sub-circuit is also required to control the operation of MFCs for Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) issues. An optimized Discontinuous Conduction Mode (DCM) autonomous flyback converter for energy harvesting is presented for ambient sources, like MFCs. The converter is designed, fabricated, and tested. An MPPT algorithm is integrated in the system to control the operation and to extract the maximum available power from the MFC. The converter is able of start and step-up MFC output voltage to a value higher than 3 V under load. The peak efficiency of the converter is 71.2%.
Quantifying Gains in the War on Cancer Due to Improved Treatment and Earlier Detection
Authors: Seabury Seth A. , Goldman Dana P. , Gupta Charu N. , Khan Zeba M. , Chandra Amitabh , Philipson Tomas J. , Lakdawalla Darius N. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIntroduction:There have been significant improvements in both treatment and screening efforts for many types of cancer over the past decade. However, the effect of these advancements on the survival of cancer patients is unknown, and many question the value of both new treatments and screening efforts.Methods:This study uses a retrospective analysis of SEER Registry data to quantify reductions in mortality rates for cancer patients diagnosed between 1997 and 2007. Using variation in trends in mortality rates by stage of diagnosis across cancer types, we use logistic regression to decompose separate survival gains into those attributable to advances in treatment versus advances in detection. We estimate the gains in survival due to gains in both treatment and detection overall and separately for 15 of the most common cancer types.Results:We estimate that 3-year cancer-related mortality of cancer patients fell 16.7% from 1997 to 2007. Overall, advances in treatment reduced mortality rates by approximately 12.2% while advances in early detection reduced mortality rates by 4.5%. The relative importance of treatment and detection varied across cancer types. Improvements in detection were most important for thyroid, prostate and kidney cancer. Improvements in treatment were most important for non-Hodgkins lymphoma, lung cancer and myeloma.Conclusion:Both improved treatment options and better early detection have led to significant survival gains for cancer patients diagnosed from 1997 to 2007, generating considerable social value over this time period.
Nonparametric Instrumental Variable Estimation in Practice
Authors: Shaw Philip , Cohen Michael Andrew , Chen Tao 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This paper investigates recent developments in the literature on nonparametric instrumental variables estimation and considers the practical importance of the features of these estimators in the context of typically applied econometric models. Our primary focus is on the estimation of econometric models with endogenous regressors, and their marginal effects, without a known functional form. We develop an estimator for the marginal effects and investigate its finite sample performance. We show that when instruments are weak, in the classic sense, the nonparametric estimates of the marginal effect outperforms the classic two-stage least squares estimator, even when the model is correctly specified. When the instruments are strong, we show that the nonparametric estimator for the partial effects is still effective compared to the two-stage least squares estimator even as the number of IVs increases. We also investigate bandwidth choice and find that a rule-of-thumb bandwidth performs relatively well. Whereas cross-validation leads to a better fit when the number of instruments is small, as the number of instruments increases the rule-of-thumb standard actually results in better model fit. In an empirical application we estimate the work-horse aggregate logit demand model, discuss the required nonparametric identification properties, and document the differences between nonparametric and parametric specifications on the estimation of demand elasticities.
Proof of Concept and Pilot Study on the Development and Implementation of an Electronic Medication Administration Record
Authors: Lebel Denis , Mercier Geneviève , Dulermez Thomas , Rousseau Aurélie , Bussières Jean-François 
Published: November 2015

Abstract: The main objective is to describe the phases of electronic medication administration record development and implementation. The secondary objective is to compare dose information using medication administration record and electronic medication administration record.: Nursing daily work planning is usually done with the use of a medication administration record printed daily based on the information available in the Pharmacy Information System.: We identified six guiding principles. A profile compared to medication administration record and electronic medication administration record, revealed 19 parameters related to drug registration doses. Regarding the development phase, a total of 150 pharmacist hours and 150 nursing hours have been carried out on optimization of electronic medication administration record. During the preparatory pilot phase, voluntary nurses have been invited to identify problems associated with the electronic version. During the pilot phase, a training program was set up. We implemented the electronic medication administration record on 26 November 2014. The pilot study demonstrates that electronic medication administration record has been successfully implemented in a university hospital.: To our knowledge, this is the first pilot study conducted in Quebec that describes electronic medication administration record development and implementation. Our pilot study shows that we were able to face these challenges through the employment of human, financial and material resources.
Epileptogenesis following experimentally induced traumatic brain injury – a systematic review
Authors: Chandel Shammy , Gupta Sunil Kumar , Medhi Bikash 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex neurotrauma in civilian life and the battlefield with a broad spectrum of symptoms, long-term neuropsychological disability, as well as mortality worldwide. Posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a common outcome of TBI with unknown mechanisms, followed by posttraumatic epileptogenesis. There are numerous rodent models of TBI available with varying pathomechanisms of head injury similar to human TBI, but there is no evidence for an adequate TBI model that can properly mimic all aspects of clinical TBI and the first successive spontaneous focal seizures follow a single episode of neurotrauma with respect to epileptogenesis. This review aims to provide current information regarding the various experimental animal models of TBI relevant to clinical TBI. Mossy fiber sprouting, loss of dentate hilar neurons along with recurrent seizures, and epileptic discharge similar to human PTE have been studied in fluid percussion injury, weight-drop injury, and cortical impact models, but further refinement of animal models and functional test is warranted to better understand the underlying pathophysiology of posttraumatic epileptogenesis. A multifaceted research approach in TBI model may lead to exploration of the potential treatment measures, which are a major challenge to the research community and drug developers. With respect to clinical setting, proper patient data collection, improved clinical trials with advancement in drug delivery strategies, blood-brain barrier permeability, and proper monitoring of level and effects of target drug are also important.
Biofilms and nasal wound healing in postsurgical patients with chronic rhinosinusitis - A review of literature
Authors: Trombitas Veronica , Nagy Alina Anda , Vlad Diana , Aranka Ilea , Albu Silviu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS), fairly common disease in the field of otorhinolaryngology, is the focal point of thorough study of the pathophysiology and treatment strategies for a favourable evolution of patients with this problem. Although there have been important advances in the treatment of CRS, signs and symptoms still remain long after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), indicating the persistence of the biofilm infection on the sinus mucosa. This review aims to highlight the relationship between bacterial biofilm and CRS, and also the available treatment strategies of the latter.
Considerations on cervical anastomoses in postcaustic esophageal reconstruction
Authors: Predescu Irina , Predescu Dragos , Sarafoleanu Codrut , Constantinoiu Silviu 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background. The increased incidence of accidental or non-accidental ingestion of corrosive substances or drug compounds leading to postcaustic esophagitis represents a major public health issue. The treatment of postcaustic esophagitides is difficult and long lasting, calling for a complex team trained in this borderline pathology: gastroenterologist, general surgeon, otorhinolaryngologist, anesthesiologist, psychiatrist. In cases when preventive treatment has failed, the only effective therapy remains the surgical one.
Material and methods. Our study involved an analysis of the cases treated and/or operated in the Department of General and Esophageal Surgery of the “Sfanta Maria” Hospital in Bucharest, between 1981-2014; respectively 195 patients who benefited from reconstructive esophageal interventions. Of the selected patients, 191 were operated for corrosive pathology produced by ingestion of caustic soda and only four cases by ingestion of acids. The lesion balance showed that, besides the esophagus, the oropharynx (28 patients), the larynx (7 patients) and the stomach (31 patients) had been affected by the corrosion process, requiring particular surgical solutions. The bypass reconstruction (preserving the esophagus) was the standard treatment, esophagectomy having been performed in only 4 patients.
Results. The main remote postoperative complaint was feeding inability, a consequence of various causes: cervical anastomosis stenosis, motor dysfunctions of the graft or of the laryngopharyngeal complex, over-time alteration of the graft, technical vices or the degradation of intra-abdominal assemblies, traumatic injuries of the presternal substituent.
Conclusion. One of the most important moments during the esophageal reconstruction surgery remains the duration of the cervical anastomosis, since the postoperative complication rate and the remote functional outcome depend on it. Minimizing postoperative risks and complications requires a complete mastery of surgical methods, of the small technical “artifices” and of the necessary therapeutic refinements adapted to each individual case.