bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anterior Cingulate Cortex Contributes to Alcohol Withdrawal- Induced and Socially Transferred Hyperalgesia
Authors: Smith Monique L. , Walcott Andre. T. , Heinricher Mary M. , Ryabinin Andrey E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPain is often described as a “biopsychosocial” process, yet social influences on pain and underlying neural mechanisms are only now receiving significant experimental attention. Expression of pain by one individual can be communicated to nearby individuals by auditory, visual, and olfactory cues. Conversely, the perception of another’s pain can lead to physiological and behavioral changes in the observer, which can include induction of hyperalgesia in “bystanders” exposed to “primary” conspecifics in which hyperalgesia has been induced directly. The current studies were designed to investigate the neural mechanisms responsible for the social transfer of hyperalgesia in bystander mice housed and tested with primary mice in which hyperalgesia was induced using withdrawal (WD) from voluntary alcohol consumption. Male C57BL/6J mice undergoing WD from a two-bottle choice voluntary alcohol-drinking procedure served as the primary mice. Mice housed in the same room served as bystanders. Naïve, water-drinking controls were housed in a separate room. Immunohistochemical mapping identified significantly enhanced Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-ir) in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and insula (INS) of bystander mice compared to naïve controls, and in the dorsal medial hypothalamus (DMH) of primary mice. Chemogenetic inactivation of the ACC but not primary somatosensory cortex reversed the expression of hyperalgesia in both primary and bystander mice. These studies point to an overlapping neural substrate for expression of socially transferred hyperalgesia and that expressed during alcohol WD.
Co-injection of ETV-2 and HGF viral vectors significantly improve angiogenesis in mice with hindlimb ischemia
Authors: Pham Phuc Van , Vu Ngoc Bich , Dao Thuy Thi-Thanh , Le Ha Thi-Ngan , Phi Lan Thi , Phan Ngoc Kim 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Both ETV-2 and HGF factors are known to be important factors which trigger neo-angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo models. This study aimed to treat hindlimb ischemia in mice by co-injection of ETV-2 and HGF viral vectors.
Methods: ETV-2 and HGF vectors were prepared per previous publications. The mouse ischemic hindlimb model was performed by ligating and burning the artery at the hindlimb. ETV-2 and HGF viral vectors were co-injected into the ligated and burnt sites.
Results: The results showed that co-injection of the vectors significantly improved angiogenesis as well as reduced leg loss in mice compared to placebo treatment. The percentage of mice who succumbed to ischemia was also significantly reduced compared to control.
Conclusion: Overall, this study suggests a potential impact of combining ETV-2 and HGF to treat angiogenesis. Use of ETV-2 and HGF viral vectors can be a promising therapy for ischemia treatment in the future.
Aryepiglottic fold augmentation as treatment for late-onset dysphagia following surgical treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy
Authors: Delling Uta , Vidovic Aleksandar 
Published: July 2017

SummaryObjective: Coughing and dysphagia have been described following prosthetic laryngoplasty (LP) with or without ventriculectomy/ventriculocordectomy (VE/VCE) for the treatment of recurrent laryngeal neuropathy. All previous case descriptions include patients with acute onset of clinical signs after surgery that persisted. The authors observed a late-onset of dysphagia and coughing months to years after LP ± VE/VCE. The condition was always associated with an abnormality of the aryepiglottic fold (AEF). Treatment options for those patients are limited. We suggest augmentation of the AEF as treatment for affected horses. The goal of the study was two-fold: Firstly, to describe a new condition of late-onset dysphagia in horses following LP ± VE/VCE associated with an abnormal appearance of the AEF, and secondly, to offer a minimally invasive and successful treatment for those patients. Material and methods: Six horses were presented because of dysphagia and coughing with an onset of months to years after LP ± VE/VCE. Endoscopically, the AEF always appeared thinner and more flaccid to a varying degree. The food path was traceable along the AEF into the trachea using dyed molasses. An initial injection of hyaluronic acid (HA) into the AEF led to immediate improvement of the dysphagia. The procedure was performed in the standing sedated horse. The needle was placed through the cricothyroid ligament and the injection performed under endoscopic guidance. Results: All horses tolerated the injection well. Injection of HA was successful only in the short term in all cases and repeated injections were needed for permanent resolution using either cross-linked HA, polyacrylamide hydrogel or platelet rich plasma. Conclusion and clinical relevance: Horses may develop dysphagia and coughing months to years after LP ± VE/VCE as a late-onset complication. The condition seems to be associated with an abnormal appearance and function of the AEF. Successful treatment is possible by augmenting the AEF. However, careful patient selection is mandatory.
Conservation implications of avian malaria exposure for African penguins during rehabilitation
Authors: Botes Annelise , Thiart Hanlie , Parsons Nola J. , Bellstedt Dirk U. 
Published: July 2017

The African penguin (Spheniscus demersus) is the only penguin species that breeds on the African continent and it is currently classified as endangered. Its conservation is assisted by the Southern African Foundation for the Conservation of Coastal Birds (SANCCOB) which is a seabird rehabilitation facility based at the Rietvlei Wetland Reserve in Tableview, Cape Town. Despite the success of SANCCOB in rehabilitating diseased, injured or oiled penguins, significant mortalities have occurred at the facility as a result of avian malaria. Avian malaria can be contracted during rehabilitation during which penguins are inadvertently exposed to additional threats. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the anti-Plasmodium antibody levels of penguins to avian malaria on entry into the SANCCOB facility from 2001 to 2004 and during their rehabilitation process. Using blood smear data, avian malaria prevalence and malaria-related deaths were also monitored from 2002 to 2013. Significant increases in anti-Plasmodium antibody levels after admission were found during summer months. New infection and not parasite recrudescence was concluded to be the cause of this increase. This source was confirmed by a dramatic drop in penguin mortalities upon exclusion of mosquito vectors in 2008. Mortalities did not depend on the birds’ abilities to produce an anti-Plasmodium antibody response and oiling had no influence on immunity or prevalence of avian malaria infections. This study highlights the importance of mosquito vector control to control pathogen exposure in wild bird rehabilitation centres.

Significance:

Efforts to assist with the conservation of endangered species can unintentionally add to the conservation burden.
Rehabilitation influences exposure of African penguins to avian malaria.
Avian malaria prevalence and mortality are not influenced by oiling or anti-Plasmodium antibody responses.
Vector control can limit avian malaria exposure in wild bird rehabilitation centres.
Knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls
Authors: Ghimire Sasmita 
Published: July 2017

Background: Adolescence in girls has been recognized as a special period which signifies the transition from girlhood to womanhood. Menstruation is generally considered as unclean in the society. Isolation of the menstruating girls and restrictions being imposed on them in the family, have reinforced a negative attitude towards this phenomenon. And the issue of menstrual hygiene is inadequately acknowledged and has not received proper attention.Methods: Quantitative approach with descriptive cross-sectional design was used to assess the knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among adolescent girls. A structured knowledge questionnaire was developed focusing on menstrual hygiene. Validity was ensured in consultation with guides and experts in the field of nursing, medicine and statistics. Reliability of the tool was tested by test retest method and found to be highly reliable with a score of 0.80. The study was carried out in 2 schools of Dharan, Nepal. About 100 adolescent girls were selected by simple random sampling technique. Structured knowledge questionnaire was used to collect needed data on knowledge of adolescent girls. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics.Results: Maximum numbers 42 of the subjects were in the age group of 12 years, majority i.e. 81 of the subjects belonged to nuclear family, majority i.e. 39 of the subjects were in 7th standard, maximum of 72 subjects belonged to Hindu religion, majority i.e.79 had family income below 5000, majority of the subjects 35 had their first menstruation at the age of 14, 35 subjects father were self-employed, 60 subjects had their mothers as government employee , majority of the respondents, 80 had previous knowledge on menstrual hygiene. Majority of the subjects 70% had average knowledge, 25% of them had poor knowledge and only 5% had good knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene. There was a significant association of knowledge adolescent girls with demographic variables such as age at first menstruation.Conclusions: Present study showed overall average knowledge of menstrual hygiene in adolescent girls. Formal as well as informal channels of communication need to be emphasized for the delivery of information on menstrual hygiene through organized community efforts. Institutions and organizations at community level should be strengthened for effective delivery of health and nutrition care services for overall better health of community beneficiaries.
Incorrect inhaler techniques in Western India: still a common problem
Authors: Sodhi Mandeep Kaur 
Published: July 2017

Background: To assess and evaluate the incorrect use of inhalers in patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the outpatient department of pulmonary medicine at RUHS college of medical sciences Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.Methods: Patients visiting the outpatient department of respiratory medicine were asked to demonstrate the inhaler technique and were assessed by the physician.Results: The study included 200 patients with Asthma or COPD. Among patients with COPD, 80 (63.4%) were males and 46 (36.5%) were females. In the asthma group, there were 50 (67.5%) females and 24 (32.4%) males. Patients with COPD were in the age group between 46-82 years with a mean age of 64 years while patients with asthma were in the age group between 18-70 years with a mean age of 44 years. Only 28 (14%) patients could perform all steps correctly in use of inhaler devices. 172 patients (86%) were unable to use inhalers properly. Most common error for metered dose inhalers (MDIs) was in step 7 that is (i.e.) not holding breath for 10 seconds which was seen in 46 patients (51.7%). The most common error seen for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) was in step 5 i.e. exhalation to residual volume before inhalation seen in 50 patients (47.1%).Conclusions: This study revealed that majority of patients use the inhaler devices incorrectly. Proper education regarding inhaler use is crucial for effective treatment with use of these inhaler devices.
Recent pattern of drug sensitivity of most commonly isolated uropathogens from Central India
Authors: Lawhale Madhuri Ashok , Naikwade Rahul 
Published: July 2017

Background: The objective of the study is to assess the latest antibiotic sensitivity pattern of most commonly isolated organisms in urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread and irrational use of antibiotics has led to development of highly resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this study was performed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern in urinary tract infection among the human population.Methods: The study conducted from July 2016 to April 2017, in clinical microbiology laboratory, Sara Diagnostics (fully automated) laboratories, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. 3000 urine samples were studied. The processing of the samples were done by standard microbiological methods. The antibiotic susceptibility was measured by disk diffusion test. CLSI guidelines were used for the antibiotic susceptibility evaluation.Results: Out of these, 1729 (57.63%) samples were culture positive showing significant bacteriuria. The most common bacteria isolated was E. coli (n=1040, 60.15%), followed by Enterococcus spp. (n=275, 15.90%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=210, 12.14%), Staphylococcus aureus (n=105, 6.07%) and Pseudomonas spp. (n=50, 2.89%) in this study. The study showed marked resistance to doxycycline, quinolones, cephalosporins and greater sensitivity to nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin, showing them better treatment options.Conclusions: The study confirmed, E.coli is still the most common bacteria to cause UTI, irrespective of geographical area. Nitrofurantoin, fosfomycin showed very high susceptibility to urinary tract infection pathogens, which include most commonly isolated gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive cocci, which were resistant to other various antibiotic groups. Thus, nitrofurantoin and fosfomycin seemed to be promising drugs.
Decoding of emotional responses to user-unfriendly computer interfaces via electroencephalography signals
Authors: Yoshimura Natsue , Koga Osamu , Katsui Yu , Ogata Yousuke , Kambara Hiroyuki , Koike Yasuharu 
Published: July 2017

<p class="Abstract"><span lang="EN-US">When a user interacts with an interface such as a computer, its effects on specific </span><span lang="EN-US">biosignals </span><span lang="EN-US">may reflect emotional responses to the interface, providing a means to evaluate usability</span><span lang="EN-US">. </span><span lang="EN-US">Towards the</span><span lang="EN-US"> develop</span><span lang="EN-US">ment </span><span lang="EN-US">of </span><span lang="EN-US">an interface that can </span><span lang="EN-US">adapt its usability based on the</span><span lang="EN-US"> user</span><span lang="EN-US">’</span><span lang="EN-US">s </span><span lang="EN-US">emotions</span><span lang="EN-US">, </span><span lang="EN-US">here we</span><span lang="EN-US"> decode</span><span lang="EN-US">d</span><span lang="EN-US"> electroencephalography (EEG) </span><span lang="EN-US">activity occurring during interaction with a</span><span lang="EN-US"> user-</span><span lang="EN-US">un</span><span lang="EN-US">friendly interface. </span><span lang="EN-US">Participants performed </span><span lang="EN-US">target-reaching</span><span lang="EN-US"> task</span><span lang="EN-US">s </span><span lang="EN-US">while</span><span lang="EN-US"> irregular </span><span lang="EN-US">transformations </span><span lang="EN-US">were applied to </span><span lang="EN-US">cursor </span><span lang="EN-US">motion to induce frustration. </span><span lang="EN-US">O</span><span lang="EN-US">ur results showed that </span><span lang="EN-US">differential signals from the </span><span lang="EN-US">frontal electrodes (AF3-AF4) were </span><span lang="EN-US">sufficient </span><span lang="EN-US">to</span><span lang="EN-US"> classify </span><span lang="EN-US">between </span><span lang="EN-US">brain activities during </span><span lang="EN-US">transformed (frustrated)</span><span lang="EN-US"> and normal cursor</span><span lang="EN-US"> motion (non-frustrated)</span><span lang="EN-US">. </span><span lang="EN-US">F</span><span lang="EN-US">unctional magnetic resonance imaging </span><span lang="EN-US">during the same tasks</span><span lang="EN-US"> showed significant activation</span><span lang="EN-US">s</span><span lang="EN-US"> in the middle frontal gyrus, orbitofrontal gyrus, and inferior parietal cortex</span><span lang="EN-US">,</span><span lang="EN-US"> areas </span><span lang="EN-US">found to be</span><span lang="EN-US"> related to negative </span><span lang="EN-US">emotions</span><span lang="EN-US">. Altogether, these results suggest that the usability of an interface can be measured from EEG signals, which could aid in the development of adaptive interfaces that increase its intuitiveness. </span></p>
Penculikan Transnasional dan Kewenangan Pengadilan AS
Authors: Suraputra D. Sidik 
Published: July 2017

Penculikan merupakan suatu tindak pidana. Meskipun demikian proses peradilan bagi tindakpidana penculikan mulai penangkapan sampai penghukuman harus mengikuti prosedur hukum acara pidana. Dalam hukum internasional, bagi tersangka yang berada di luar, wilayah negara yang berwenang mengadili penangkapannya harus melalui prosedur jalur diplomatik atau melalui perjanjian ekstradisi. Karangan ini mencoba membahas proses pengadilan seorang warga negara Meksiko yang diculik dari wilayah Meksiko karena dituduh turut membunuh warga Amerika Serikat.
MODEL PENGUASAAN TANAH PAUMAN DI KABUPATEN KARANGASEM
Authors: Suwitra Made 
Published: July 2017

In the period of kingdom, Pauman land was collectively owned by the community called pauman. After the independence and at the time Land Law had been imposed, even in some villages the land had been proposed to be owned individually and some of the land had been sold, so the problem discussed were; what model was applied for the pauman land ownership and how the management was done when the Land Law had been imposed. The model of the research was a research of normative law with legislation, concept, analytic, and case approach. The sources of the regulation which were used in this research were primary law sources, secondary law sources, and tertiary law sources which were collected by interview (affirmation), note taking and document. And then it was done interpretation technique. The result of the research showed that there was still collective ownership for pauman land in which the members of the owners were permanent and some were dynamic depended upon the development of the genealogical main owners. Meanwhile, in some villages the ownership tended to be secularly individualization through having the legality of the law in context of Land Law so that some pauman lands dismissed, infect the pauman land was the basic of the managing commitment and there was no more unity of community as the result of authority and ownership transference through trading them to other people. That’s why serious efforts are needed to preserve the pauman lands. Key words: pauman, authority, land tenure.AbstrakPada masa kerajaan tanah pauman dikuasai secara koletif oleh suatu kemunitas yang disebut “pauman”. Setelah kemerdekaan dan dengan diundangkannya UUPA penguasaannya mengalami perubahan. Di beberapa desa tanah pauman tersebut telah didaftarkan sebagai hak milik individu dan sebagian lagi sudah dijual. Dari kondisi tersebut ada beberapa isu hukum sebagai permasalahan penelitian, yaitu bagaimana model penguasaan hak atas tanah pauman dan pengelolaannya setelah berlakunya UUPA. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan berupa penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konsep, analitik, dan kasus. Sumber bahan hukum berupa bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik Wawancara (affirmasi), pencatatan dan dokumentasi. Data aytau bahan hukum tersebut dianalisis dengan teknik interpretasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penguasaan tanah pauman masih bersifat kolektif yang jumlah keaggotaannya bersifat tetap dan ada yang bersifat dinamis sesuai dengan perkembangan anggota inti secara genealogis. Sementara di beberapa desa cendrung mengarah individualisasi sekuler dengan mengusung kepastian hukum dalam konteks UUPA, sehingga beberapa pauman sudah bubar karena tanah pauman sebagai dasar pengikatan ayanah dan kesatuan kelompok sudah tidak ada lagi sebagai akibat terjadinya pengalihan penguasaan dan pemilikan tanah pauman melalui jual beli kepada pihak lain. Oleh karena itu diperlukan upaya yang sungguh dalam pelestariannya.
Perkembangan Hak-Hak Jaminan atas Tanah
Authors: Abdurrahman Abdurrahman 
Published: July 2017

Masalah hukum Jaminan pada umumnya selalu mendapat perhatian, di mana dikarenakan persoalan ini termasuk salah satu bidang dari pada hukum ekonomi pembangunan yang perlu diberikan prioritas dalarn pembinaan dan pengembangannya. Berpangkal dari pada anggapan yang demikian inilah kiranya maka Badan Pembinaan Hukum Nasional (BPHN) bekerjasama dengan Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gajah Mada telah melaksanakan dua kali Seminar untuk membahas masalah tersebut masing-masing. 1. Seminar tentang hipotik dan lembaga jaminan lainnya yang diadakanpada tanggal 28 - 30 Juli 1977.2. Seminar Hukum Jaminan. yang diadakan pada tanggal 9 - II Oktober1978.
Desafios para acessibilidade aos espaços públicos no mundo líquido
Authors: Cunha de Souza Ana Paula 
Published: July 2017

A acessibilidade é inerente ao homem. As transformações no mundo considerado globalizado têm gerado o crescimento das cidades e a urgência da estruturação destas, no quesito acessibilidade às pessoas com mobilidade reduzida. O acesso aos lugares públicos é um direito de todo cidadão. Ambientes planejados proporcionam a qualquer indivíduo, autonomia e independência, sobretudo nos espaços públicos. O artigo que hora apresentamos tem como objetivo a identificação dos desafios acerca das condições de acessibilidade em edificações, vias públicas, acesso ao transporte público para pessoas com mobilidade reduzida nesse mundo em que as transformações sociais, culturais e econômicas se colocam amplas, flexíveis e rápidas, onde o que era sólido transforma-se em líquido. Foram analisados referenciais bibliográficas, artigos que possuíam a estratégia como tema central ou considerados de relevância para a contribuição ao tema. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para uma grande preocupação sobre a parte arquitetônica, a disponibilidade geográfica, as carências de acesso ao território, ambiente, que influenciam negativamente na acessibilidade de Pessoas Com Deficiências, prejudicando a autonomia e acentuando a exclusão social. São dados que sinalizam a necessidade de planejamento urbano que visem melhorar as condições de acessibilidade.
Preliminary results of water quality assessment using phytoplankton and physicochemical approaches in the Huai River Basin, China
Authors: Chen Hao , Zuo Qi-ting , Zhang Yong-yong 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Water pollution has been a significant issue in the Huai River Basin (HRB) of China since the late 1970s. In July and December 2013, two field investigations were carried out at 10 sites along the main streams of the basin. The monitoring indices contained both physicochemical variables and the structure and composition of phytoplankton communities. The correlations between communities and physicochemical variables were analyzed using cluster analysis and redundancy analysis. Moreover, water quality was evaluated using the comprehensive nutrition state index (TLI) and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H). Results indicated that more phytoplankton species were present in December than in July, but total density was less in December. Phytoplankton communities in the midstream of the Shaying River were affected by the same physicochemical factors throughout the year, but ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus had the greatest influence on these sites in July and December, respectively. The water pollution status of the sampling sites was much greater in the Shaying River midstream than at other sites. TLI was more suitable than H for assessing water quality in the study area. These results provide valuable information for policy makers and stakeholders in water quality assessment, water ecosystem restoration, and sustainable basin management in the HRB.