bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Turbulent Transport in a Three-dimensional Solar Wind
Authors: Shiota D. , Zank G. P. , Adhikari L. , Hunana P. , Telloni D. , Bruno R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Turbulence in the solar wind can play essential roles in the heating of coronal and solar wind plasma and the acceleration of the solar wind and energetic particles. Turbulence sources are not well understood and thought to be partly enhanced by interaction with the large-scale inhomogeneity of the solar wind and the interplanetary magnetic field and/or transported from the solar corona. To investigate the interaction with background inhomogeneity and the turbulence sources, we have developed a new 3D MHD model that includes the transport and dissipation of turbulence using the theoretical model of Zank et al. We solve for the temporal and spatial evolution of three moments or variables, the energy in the forward and backward fluctuating modes and the residual energy and their three corresponding correlation lengths. The transport model is coupled to our 3D model of the inhomogeneous solar wind. We present results of the coupled solar wind-turbulence model assuming a simple tilted dipole magnetic configuration that mimics solar minimum conditions, together with several comparative intermediate cases. By considering eight possible solar wind and turbulence source configurations, we show that the large-scale solar wind and IMF inhomogeneity and the strength of the turbulence sources significantly affect the distribution of turbulence in the heliosphere within 6 au. We compare the predicted turbulence distribution results from a complete solar minimum model with in situ measurements made by the Helios and Ulysses spacecraft, finding that the synthetic profiles of the turbulence intensities show reasonable agreement with observations.
Explosive Magnetic Reconnection in Double-current Sheet Systems: Ideal versus Resistive Tearing Mode
Authors: Baty Hubert 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Magnetic reconnection associated with the tearing instability occurring in double-current sheet systems is investigated within the framework of resistive magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) in a two-dimensional Cartesian geometry. A special emphasis on the existence of fast and explosive phases is taken. First, we extend the recent theory on the ideal tearing mode of a single-current sheet to a double-current layer configuration. A linear stability analysis shows that, in long and thin systems with (length to shear layer thickness) aspect ratios scaling as

(S

L
being the Lundquist number based on the length scale L), tearing modes can develop on a fast Alfvénic timescale in the asymptotic limit

. The linear results are confirmed by means of compressible resistive MHD simulations at relatively high S

L
values (up to

) for different current sheet separations. Moreover, the nonlinear evolution of the ideal double tearing mode (IDTM) exhibits a richer dynamical behavior than its single-tearing counterpart, as a nonlinear explosive growth violently ends up with a disruption when the two current layers interact trough the merging of plasmoids. The final outcome of the system is a relaxation toward a new state, free of magnetic field reversal. The IDTM dynamics is also compared to the resistive double tearing mode dynamics, which develops in similar systems with smaller aspect ratios,

, and exhibits an explosive secondary reconnection, following an initial slow resistive growth phase. Finally, our results are used to discuss the flaring activity in astrophysical magnetically dominated plasmas, with a particular emphasis on pulsar systems.
Penser avec soin
Authors: Pérez-Bustos Tania 
Published: March 2017

Cet article réfléchit aux pratiques soigneuses d’effilage et raccommodage comme parties intimement constitutives de processus de raisonnement incorporé. Mon point de départ est une ethnographie de dialogues entre la broderie calado et la conception technique. D’où, tout en décrivant l’effilage partiel des tissus destinés au calado et leur raccommodage postérieur par le tissage, j’interroge la double action de ces pratiques : d’abord sur l’ethnographie qui les aborde ; ensuite au sujet des effets de l’ethnographie – elle-même influencée par les pratiques du calado – sur les imaginaires et les attentes des ingénieurs à propos de la conception et du contexte de cet art manuel. Tout au long de cet article, je mets l’accent sur le fait que ce genre de processus d’effilage et raccommodage est constitué par le soin (care) en relation aux corps et aux matérialités. Je prête donc une attention particulière à la manière dont ces processus, traversés par la question du genre selon des manières bien spécifiques, entrelacent histoires d’apprentissage incarné et domestique et formes d’invisibilité ambiguë.
L’accomplissement interactionnel de l’autonomie
Authors: Zogmal Marianne 
Published: March 2017

Dans les métiers de la prise en charge d’autrui, la notion d’autonomie des bénéficiaires est souvent centrale dans les textes et les discours. Dans une perspective d’analyse du travail d’inspiration interactionnelle, cette contribution porte sur les pratiques réelles dans les métiers de l’éducation de la petite enfance, mobilisées pour favoriser l’autonomie des jeunes enfants. Pour éclairer les savoirs préexistants, la notion d’autonomie est abordée sur le plan historique et à travers différentes perspectives disciplinaires. L’analyse empirique porte ensuite sur une activité ludique menée auprès d’un groupe d’enfants, lors d’un stage professionnel en troisième année de formation d’Éducatrice ES, ainsi que sur l’entretien de stage consécutif. Des enregistrements audio-vidéo permettent la prise en compte fine du déroulement interactionnel. Cet article permet de mettre en évidence l’écart entre les pratiques d’observation et d’étayage effectuées et le but énoncé de l’activité, consistant à « laisser faire ». Cet écart et son occultation empêchent de faire dialoguer savoirs « quotidiens » et savoirs disciplinaires. Pour les éducatrices elles-mêmes, ceci restreint les possibilités pour : a) mettre en mots leurs pratiques et en débattre ; b) acquérir et transmettre les compétences professionnelles ; c) contribuer à une reconnaissance sociale des pratiques professionnelles mobilisées dans le champ de la petite enfance. Pour la recherche, cet article montre qu’une analyse fine des pratiques réelles et du déroulement des interactions permet de dépasser certains phénomènes d’occultation et d’éclairer la notion d’autonomie dans sa complexité.
Implementing a Veteran-Centered Community Health Clinical Experience in a Baccalaureate Nursing Program
Authors: Champlin Barbara E. , Kunkel Dorcas Elisabeth 
Published: March 2017

Background:
In a baccalaureate nursing curriculum, students focused on the unique health care needs of veterans and their families. The learning experiences aimed to equip them with the knowledge, skills, and attitudes (KSAs) to provide holistic relation-centered care to veterans and their families.

Method:
The clinical course integrated the findings of several veteran-centered publications and the American Association of Colleges of Nursing veteran-centered resources.

Results:
Formative and summative anecdotal information was gathered in the learning experience during weekly postclinical discussions, course assignments, and a seminar after completion of the experience. Three noteworthy themes stand out: Increased Descriptions of Resources and Services Available to Veterans and Their Families, Increased Expressions of the Complex Health Care Needs of Veterans, and Increasing Recognition of the Autonomous Nature of the Community Health Nursing Role.

Conclusion:

Early indicators are that this community health field work experience will be sustainable into the future. The academic institution and clinical partner remain committed to working together to provide meaningful learning opportunities to students. Students completed the experience with increased KSAs and a beginning orientation to the Veterans Affairs Health Care System. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(3):186–190.]
Why Non-contact Tonometry Tests Cannot Evaluate the Effects of Corneal Collagen Cross-linking
Authors: Ortillés Ángel , Rodríguez-Matas José F. , Ariza-Gracia Miguel Á. , Pascual Gemma , Calvo Begoña 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE:
To assess the feasibility of characterizing and following up the mechanical behavior of the corneal tissue after corneal cross-linking (CXL) by using a combined mechanical (in vivo indentation and in vitro uniaxial tensile tests) and morphological (immunohisto-chemistry) experimental protocol.

METHODS:

CXL (3 mW/cm
2
; 370 nm) for 20 minutes (total dose 3.6 J/cm
2
) was performed on 12 New Zealand rabbits. The mechanical behavior of the cornea was characterized in small and large strain regimens using an in vivo indentation test with a laboratory device and an in vitro uniaxial tensile test, respectively. These tests and corneal immunohistochemistry were performed before (PreCXL) and on the 7th (PostCXL-7d) and 56th days (PostCXL-56d) after CXL. The intraocular pressure and corneal thickness were measured before each test.

RESULTS:
For the indentation tests, significant differences were found between PreCXL and PostCXL-7d and between PostCXL-7d and PostCXL-56d, but not between PreCXL and PostCXL-56d. On average, for the small strain regimen, PostCXL-7d corneas showed the most compliant behavior, with progressive recovery of the corneal stiffness over time. For the large strain regimen, significant differences in the maximum tangent modulus between PreCXL and PostCXL-7d and between PreCXL and PostCXL-56d were observed for the uniaxial tensile tests, with no significant differences between PostCXL-7d and PostCXL-56d. Immunohistochemistry showed a lack of cells in the anterior stroma at PostCXL-7d, but at PostCXL-56d the cell density and morphology were comparable to PreCXL.

CONCLUSIONS:
Indentation tests cannot characterize the changes in the corneal collagen scaffold caused by the CXL, but the uniaxial test can. However, indentation tests can assess the recovery of keratocyte density after CXL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(3):184–192.]
Biomechanical Weakening of Different Re-treatment Options After Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE)
Authors: Kling Sabine , Spiru Bogdan , Hafezi Farhad , Sekundo Walter 
Published: March 2017

PURPOSE:
To determine the corneal weakening induced by different re-treatment options after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) and investigate the potential of corneal cross-linking (CXL) to reestablish the original corneal stress resistance.

METHODS:

A total of 96 freshly enucleated porcine corneas were used. The initial refractive correction was defined to be −11.00 diopters (D) and the required enhancement to be −3.00 D. Three different re-treatment options were analyzed: −3D Re-SMILE, −3D photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) on top of the SMILE cap, and cap-to-flap conversion and −3D excimer ablation on the stromal bed (LASIK). The control condition did not receive any treatment. Subsequently, accelerated CXL (9 mW/cm
2
, 10 min) was performed in two groups with currently common enhancement techniques: following cap-to-flap conversion (−3D LASIK enhancement) and in controls. Biomechanical properties were measured with stress-strain extensometry ranging from 1.27 to 12.5 N.

RESULTS:

The Re-SMILE and PRK enhancement did not significantly reduce the overall elastic modulus of the cornea compared to controls (24.7 ± 2.23 and 22.7 ± 2.61 versus 23.8 ± 3.35 MPa,
P
≥ .176), whereas LASIK enhancement did (22.2 ± 3.37 MPa,
P
= .048). CXL treatment significantly increased the elastic modulus compared to all non-cross-linked conditions (
P
≤.001). Refractive surgery decreased the overall elastic modulus by 7%, whereas CXL increased it by 20%.

CONCLUSIONS:
In enhancement, the corneal biomechanical integrity is less affected with both Re-SMILE and PRK enhancement. Corneal weakening through laser refractive surgery is small compared to the stiffening effect after CXL.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(3):193–198.]
Hommage. Raymond Chirat l’historien
Authors: Le Forestier Laurent 
Published: March 2017

Raymond Chirat qui vient de disparaître a participé en septembre 1980 à une table ronde sur l’histoire du cinéma dans la revue Cinématographe, « Histoire du cinéma. Mitry, Sadoul et les autres » avec Claude Beylie, Patrick Brion, Francis Courtade, Jean-Claude Romer. Pour la revue l’historiographie du cinéma connaissait alors une transformation, les matériaux s’accumulant (films et non-film), le modèle de l’histoire générale du cinéma, jusqu’alors dominant, paraissait devoir être abandonné, sans que l’on parvienne encore à savoir quelle(s) forme(s) prendra cette historiographie du cinéma renouvelée. Sur bien des points, cette table ronde posait des questions formulées quelque temps avant lors du fameux 34e Congrès de la FIAF à Brighton, mais avec des réponses sensiblement différentes. Elle donne de ce fait une bonne photographie d’un moment historiographique singulier où les historiens français du cinéma se détachent d’un modèle sans rompre avec lui, amorçant un glissement progressif vers ce qu’on appellera ensuite la « nouvelle histoire du cinéma ». Raymond Chirat, plus que d’autres, a pu incarner cette figure intermédiaire, donc essentielle, de ce moment intermédiaire, donc essentiel.
Trabalho e saúde na Europa : um retrato por país e profissão
Authors: Barroso Margarida Martins 
Published: March 2017

Com base na edição mais recente do Inquérito Europeu às Condições de Trabalho (Eurofound, 2010), este artigo discute a relação entre trabalho e saúde na Europa, através da análise de três indicadores centrais para a sua compreensão (doença e perceção do estado de saúde ; absentismo e presentismo associados à saúde ; e sustentabilidade do trabalho). Colocando o enfoque na distribuição por país e ocupação, os resultados demonstram padrões diferenciados por tipo de profissão desempenhada, revelando, por um lado, a desvantagem relativa que as ocupações formalmente menos qualificadas continuam a apresentar nesta dimensão da vida profissional, mas também a transversalidade com que se apresentam os “novos” efeitos sobre a saúde no conjunto de grupos ocupacionais.
Ambiente e saúde global
Authors: Jesus Ana de , Silva Bruno Oliveira e 
Published: March 2017

Inserido no quadro conceptual da Ecologia Humana e da Ecologia da Saúde e analisando diversos estudos e relatórios de várias instituições como a Comissão Europeia ; o IPCC ; OCDE ; OMS ; ONU e WWF, este ensaio incide no debate acerca do impacto da degradação ambiental nos determinantes sociais da saúde (alimentação, ar, água, habitação) e em como as ações focadas na prevenção/mitigação das alterações climáticas podem ter um impacto positivo nas questões de saúde e na transição para um paradigma de desenvolvimento sustentável.Numa lógica de mútuo reforço, políticas ambientais e de maior responsabilidade ecológica terão impacto em termos de benefícios de saúde, ao mesmo tempo que o objetivo de mais saúde concede legitimidade acrescida à prevenção da degradação ambiental. Partindo de uma base analítica alicerçada nos indicadores que estas entidades de responsabilidade e relevo internacional vêm produzindo nos últimos anos, identificaram-se vantagens na afirmação da noção de que uma boa gestão ambiental desempenha um papel fundamental na proteção da saúde, defendendo uma abordagem integrada a estes temas.
Love and Ryanair : academic researchers’ mobility
Authors: Giorgi Alberta , Raffini Luca 
Published: March 2017

Para os/as investigadores/as académicos/as, a Europa é parte do trabalho : a sua mobilidade intraeuropeia aumentou nas últimas décadas e a internacionalização é a palavra-chave para suas carreiras. Por outro lado, a mobilidade intraeuropeia também traz dificuldades : casais que vivem separados, redução de empregos permanentes, frequentes deslocalizações, problemas no acesso aos sistemas de segurança social locais e o pesadelo de organizar um regime de pensões. Ou seja, a Ryanair vem com o trabalho, também. Neste artigo, vamos discutir em primeiro lugar a mobilidade intraeuropeia e académica em um contexto de crescente incerteza no trabalho. Em seguida, utilizamos um banco de dados originais de entrevistas em profundidade dirigidas aos investigadores que experimentaram mobilidade intraeuropeia, para explorar as suas narrativas e autorrepresentações. Finalmente, discutimos as implicações para o discurso de "fuga de cérebros/ circulação de cérebros" e a literatura sobre mobilidade.
Chaucer's Return from Lombardy, the Shrine of St. Leonard at Hythe, and the “corseynt Leonard” in the House of Fame, Lines 112–18
Authors: Lightsey Scott 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Chaucer's reference to Saint Leonard in the House of Fame, lines 112–18, has been glossed as a humorous jest on the difficulty of marriage since the time of Skeat. This article reinterprets these lines in light of comparative textual analysis, the historical context of the cult of Saint Leonard, and the geographical context of Chaucer's travel from Lombardy in 1378. It finds that Chaucer likely passed through the port of Hythe, Kent, there visiting the Church of St. Leonard, where he would have encountered its marvelous “Eolus scepter” as part of the local maritime cult of Saint Leonard.
Speaking “Amys” in the Franklin's Tale: Rhetoric, Truth, and the Poetria nova
Authors: Turner Joseph 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The Franklin's Prologue and Tale offer a model of poetic image-making derived from Geoffrey of Vinsauf's Poetria nova. The Franklin's exploration of the colors of rhetoric in his prologue anticipates the illusionist's ability to manipulate the black rocks in the tale. In manipulating language and the natural world, this system of poetry threatens to obscure truth. As a result, the Franklin's Tale is as much about poetic illusion as magical illusion, and as much about factual truth (or reality) as ethical truth.
Factors affecting medication adherence among patients with rheumatic disorders
Authors: Ismail Lamia Mohamed Nabil , Selim Mohga Abed-AlAziz , Elkhashab Sahar Omar Yehia 
Published: March 2017

Background and objective: Patient's adherence is an important factor affecting the successful maintenance of treatment, slow progression of the disease; reduce costs of health care especially in the presence of multiple chronic conditions as rheumatic disorders. While, medication non-adherence is a significant problem leads to increased mortality and morbidity. So, identification of the factors affecting non-adherence to medication regimens is beneficial for healthcare providers to improve patient’s health condition. The aim of the study was to determine factors affecting medication adherence among sample of Egyptian patients with rheumatic disorders.Methods: Design: An exploratory descriptive research design. Subjects: Purposive sampling of patients with history of rheumatic disorders. Setting: The study was carried out in rheumatology department and medical wards at Al-Kaser Al-Aini hospital. Tool: Patient Preliminary Informational Variables, Morisky Medication Adherence Scale 8-Items and Factors affecting drug adherence checklist were used to collect pertinent data.Results: The study showed 59.2% of study group had low adherence, followed by medium adherence and high adherence (28%, 12.7%) to prescribed medications respectively. Findings also; revealed that the highest percent of these factors that may combine to render patients to be less able to adhere to prescribed medication ranked as complexity of medication regimen; chronic conditions, restricted formularies, changing medications covered on formularies; fear of possible adverse effects, fear of dependence; lack of continuity of care, treatment interferes with lifestyle or requires significant behavioral changes; patient information materials written at too high literacy level; severity of symptoms; lack of knowledge on adherence and the effective interventions for improving it; as well the medication cost; long wait times; burdensome schedule; poor access or missed appointments; actual or perceived unpleasant side effects; duration of therapy; medication negative effect on liver and kidney; in addition, psychosocial stress, anxiety and anger.Conclusions: Due to the diversity of causes of non-adherence, the health care professionals must understand factors affecting medication adherence when dealing with problems of medication adherence especially with chronic conditions as rheumatic disorders. Recommendation: Interventions for overcoming factors affecting adherence must become a central component of efforts to improve patients’ health worldwide. This could be done by proper determination for factors affecting medication adherence, also to consider patient condition individually and modify the treatment approach accordingly.
Antithrombin III Doses Rounded to Available Vial Sizes in Critically Ill Pediatric Patients
Authors: Stockton Winifred M. , Padilla-Tolentino Eimeira , Ragsdale Carolyn E. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES Children have decreased levels of antithrombin III (AT III) compared to adults. These levels may be further decreased during acute illness. Administration of exogenous AT III can increase anticoagulant efficacy. The objective of this study was to evaluate AT III doses rounded to available vial sizes compared to partial vial doses in critically ill pediatric patients, including patients receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT).METHOD This retrospective review evaluated pediatric patients 0–18 years of age admitted to a 24-bed medical/surgical pediatric intensive care unit between June 1, 2012, and December 31, 2014, who received plasma-derived AT III. Patients received unfractionated heparin, low-molecular-weight heparin, or no anticoagulation. This review included patients who received ECMO and CRRT.RESULTS Eighty doses of AT III were administered to 24 patients (38 full vial size doses and 42 partial vial size doses). The AT III level following dose administration was ≥80% for 26 full vial doses (70%) and 16 partial vial doses (41%; p = 0.010). For patients who received multiple doses of AT III, the median time between doses was 45 hours following full vial doses, and 23 hours following partial vial doses (p = 0.011). Seven patients (29%) had documentation of new or increased bleeding. The median waste prevented from rounding doses to full vial sizes was 363 units.CONCLUSIONS After receiving AT III doses rounded to full vial sizes, patients were more likely to have a therapeutic AT III level and a longer interval between administrations. Rounding AT III doses to full vial sizes reduces waste and can result in cost savings.