bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Observations and modeling of the ionospheric gravity and diamagnetic current systems from CHAMP and Swarm measurements
Authors: Alken P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe CHAMP and Swarm satellites, which provide high‐quality magnetic field measurements in low‐altitude polar orbits, are ideally suited for investigating ionospheric current systems. In this study, we focus on the F region low‐latitude gravity and diamagnetic currents which are prominent in the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) region in the North and South Hemisphere. During its 10 year mission, CHAMP has sampled nearly the entire altitude range of the EIA, offering the opportunity to study these currents from above, inside, and below their source region. The Swarm constellation offers the unique opportunity to study near‐simultaneous measurements of the current systems at different longitudinal separations. In this study, we present new observations of these current systems, investigate their seasonal and local time dependence, investigate the use of in situ electron density measurements as a proxy for the magnetic perturbations, and compute the longitudinal self correlation of these currents. We find that these currents are strongest during spring and fall, produce nighttime magnetic fields at satellite altitude of up to 5–7 nT during solar maximum, 2–3 nT during solar minimum, and are highly correlated with in situ electron density measurements. We also find these currents are self‐correlated above 70% up to 15° longitude in both hemispheres during the evening.
Infragravity waves and horizontal seafloor compliance
Authors: Doran Adrian K. , Laske Gabi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWe report the first consistent observation of horizontal seafloor compliance induced by infragravity (IG) waves. Long‐period IG ocean waves manifest themselves as broad, dominant features in ocean bottom pressure and vertical deformation spectra, but signals are rarely (if ever) identified on the horizontal components of traditional ocean bottom seismometers (OBS) due to low signal level and high current‐induced tilt noise at long periods. We examine two OBS stations with shallow‐buried seismometers: the Monterey Ocean Bottom Broadband site offshore California and the Ocean Seismic Network (OSN) pilot site OSN1B near Hawaii. We use nearby weather buoys to investigate the relationship between the presence of infragravity waves and environmental conditions. We find strong evidence that infragravity wave generation is primarily confined to the near‐coastal environment. Additional IG source information is found by examining the directionality of passing IG waves as a function of frequency, which we analyze using the coherence between pressure and the two horizontal components. Finally, we evaluate the implications for a joint vertical and horizontal compliance inversion.
Selective Debromination and α‐Hydroxylation of α‐Bromo Ketones Using Hantzsch Esters as Photoreductants
Authors: Jung Jaehun , Kim Jun , Park Gyurim , You Youngmin , Cho Eun Jin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTwo transformations initiated by photoinduced one‐electron transfer to α‐bromo ketones have been demonstrated. Hantzsch esters donate one electron to α‐bromo ketones under photoirradiation, promoting reductive debromination. Subsequent reactions of the resulting radical species of the ketones with molecular oxygen and Hantzsch esters lead to α‐hydroxylation or debromination, respectively. The relative dominance of the two pathways depends profoundly on the reaction conditions, including solvent, O2 levels, and the concentration of the Hantzsch esters. The synthetic protocols feature advantages because they require the environmentally benign sources, molecular oxygen and visible light.magnified image
Long‐term outcomes in medial flap inferior turbinoplasty are superior to submucosal electrocautery and submucosal powered turbinate reduction
Authors: Barham Henry P. , Thornton Mona A. , Knisely Anna , Marcells George N. , Harvey Richard J. , Sacks Raymond 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundTechniques for inferior turbinate reduction vary from complete turbinectomy to limited cauterization. Surgical methods differ on the degree of tissue reduction and reliance on surgical tissue removal vs tissue ablation. The outcome and morbidity from 3 different turbinate techniques are compared.MethodsA randomized double‐blinded study was performed. Patient nasal cavities were randomized to different interventions on each side within the same patient. One group had a combination of submucosal powered turbinate reduction (designated “submucosal”) and submucosal electrocautery (designated “electrocautery”); and the second group had a combination of submucosal powered turbinate reduction (designated “submucosal”) and medial flap turbinoplasty (designated “turbinoplasty”). Patient‐scored nasal obstruction and rhinorrhoea (1 to 5) along with blindly assessed nasal airway patency ratings (1 to 4) was done at 12 and 60 months postoperatively. Pain requiring additional analgesia, crusting, bleeding (needing review), and revision were documented.ResultsA total of 100 patients were recruited (age 32.79 ± 13.58 years; 39% female). This represented 200 nasal airway surgeries with 100 submucosal procedures, 50 electrocautery and 50 medial flap turbinoplasties. No patients complained of worsening of their obstruction. At 60 months patients in the turbinoplasty group had greater outcomes, with 90.2% having occasional or no decongestant use (Kendall's tau B p < 0.001) compared to electrocautery (15.8%) and submucosal (37.8%). Fewer turbinoplasty patients had a revision procedure (12%, χ2 = 20.08, p < 0.001) compared to electrocautery (54%) and submucosal (40%). Crusting was more common in the electrocautery group (58% vs submucosal 2% and turbinoplasty 0%; χ2 = 92.04; p < 0.001).ConclusionThe medial flap turbinoplasty provided consistent, robust results. Long‐term relief of obstructive symptoms without additional risk of complication was observed in the turbinoplasty group.
Fluorogene Markierung von 5‐Formylpyrimidin‐Nucleotiden in DNA und RNA
Authors: Samanta Biswajit , Seikowski Jan , Höbartner Claudia 
Published: December 2015

Abstract5‐Formylcytosin (5fC) und 5‐Formyluracil (5fU) sind natürliche modifizierte Nucleobasen, die durch Oxidation aus 5‐Methylcytosin und Thymin (oder 5‐Methyluracil) entstehen. Hier beschreiben wir die chemoselektive Markierung von 5‐Formylpyrimidinnucleotiden in DNA und RNA mithilfe fluorogener Aldolkondensationsreaktionen mit 2,3,3‐Trimethylindolderivaten. Unter milden und spezifischen Reaktionsbedingungen entstehen aus 5fU und 5fC Hemicyanin‐artige Chromophore mit charakteristischen photophysikalischen Eigenschaften. Die Reaktionsbedingungen wurden an DNA‐Oligonucleotiden optimiert und konnten direkt auf RNA übertragen werden. Der positionsspezifische Nachweis gelang durch Fluoreszenzmessung und Primerverlängerungsexperimente. Diese Methode der direkten Markierung von 5‐Formylpyrimidinen wird zur Untersuchung von Vorkommen, enzymatischen Transformationen und biologischen Funktionen von epigenetischen/epitranskriptomischen Modifikationen von Nucleobasen in DNA und RNA beitragen.
Influence of decellularized pericardium matrix on the behavior of cardiac progenitors
Authors: Jalili‐Firoozinezhad Sasan , Rajabi‐Zeleti Sareh , Marsano Anna , Aghdami Nasser , Baharvand Hossein 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTFollowing myocardial infarction, heart muscle has a limited capacity of self‐healing. Biological platforms providing the natural biochemical and biophysical cues of the native myocardium might be crucial to address current therapeutic shortcomings. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of decellularized human pericardium (DPc), as a bioactive platform, on viability, attachment, proliferation and differentiation of human cardiac progenitors (CPs), and evaluate the possibility of using DPc as a substitute of tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) substrate for culturing CPs in vitro. The decellularization process removed more than 99% of the cellular components from Pc, yet well preserved its macro‐/micro‐structure and extracellular collagen and glycosaminoglycan content. DPc supported the viability, attachment, metabolism and proliferation of CPs, and enhanced their differentiation into mature cardiomyocytes compared to TCPS. Decellularized pericardium appeared thus to have a high potential for cardiac cell culture and could be applied as a superior alternative to common TCPS. DPc could be then utilized for further tissue engineering applications. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43255.
Array‐based molecular karyotyping in fetal brain malformations: Identification of novel candidate genes and chromosomal regions
Authors: Krutzke Sophia K. , Engels Hartmut , Hofmann Andrea , Schumann Madita M. , Cremer Kirsten , Zink Alexander M. , Hilger Alina , Ludwig Michael , Gembruch Ulrich , Reutter Heiko , Merz Waltraut M. 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUNDFor the majority of congenital brain malformations, the underlying cause remains unknown. Recent studies have implicated rare copy number variations (CNVs) in their etiology.METHODSHere, we used array‐based molecular karyotyping to search for causative CNVs in 33 fetuses of terminated pregnancies with prenatally detected brain malformations and additional extracerebral anomalies.RESULTSIn 11 fetuses, we identified 15 CNVs (0.08 Mb to 29.59 Mb), comprising four duplications and eleven deletions. All larger CNVs (> 5 Mb) had also been detected by prenatal conventional karyotyping. None of these CNVs was present in our 1307 healthy in‐house controls (frequency < 0.0008). Among these CNVs, we prioritized six chromosomal regions (1q25.1, 5q35.1, 6q25.3‐qter, 11p14.3, 15q11.2‐q13.1, 18q21.1) due to their previous association with human brain malformations or owing to the presence of a single gene expressed in human brain. Prioritized genes within these regions were UBTD2, SKA1, SVIP, and, most convincingly, GPR52. However, re‐sequencing of GPR52 in 100 samples from fetuses with brain malformations or patients with intellectual disability and brain malformations revealed no disease‐causing mutation.CONCLUSIONOur study suggests chromosomal regions 1q25.1, 5q35.1, 6q25.3‐qter, 11p14.3, 15q11.2‐q13.1, and 18q21.1 to be involved in human brain development. Within three of these regions, we suggest UBTD2, GPR52, and SKA1 as possible candidate genes. Because the overall detection rate of array‐based molecular karyotyping was slightly higher (23%) than that of conventional prenatal karyotyping (20%), we suggest it's use for prenatal diagnostic testing in fetuses with nonisolated brain malformations. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:16–26, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Epidemiologic characteristics and time trend in the prevalence of anotia and microtia in China
Authors: Deng Kui , Dai Li , Yi Ling , Deng Changfei , Li Xiaohong , Zhu Jun 
Published: December 2015

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown an inconsistent time trend on the prevalence of anotia and microtia. Little has been reported on the epidemiologic characteristics of anotia and microtia in the Chinese population.MethodsData from 1996–2007 were obtained from the Chinese Birth Defects Monitoring Network in China. Birth prevalence of anotia and microtia were assessed according to demographic characteristics and annual time trend. Poisson regression was used to calculate crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (APRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for selected demographic characteristics and subgroups of anotia and microtia.ResultsA total of 1933 cases with anotia/microtia were identified among 6,308,594 live births, stillbirths, and terminations of pregnancy, yielding a rate of 3.06 per 10,000 births. Isolated anotia/microtia had a prevalence of 2.25 per 10,000 births, whereas among nonisolated cases, the prevalence was 0.81 per 10,000 births. The prevalence rates of anotia/microtia increased significantly during 1996–2007 (p < 0.05). Birth prevalence of isolated anotia/microtia was significantly higher among western births (APR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10–1.40), mothers residing in urban areas (APR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.15–1.46), mothers more than 35 years of age (APR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.01–1.57), and males (APR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.24–1.53). No significant associations were observed between nonisolated anotia/microtia and geographic areas, maternal residence, and infant sex (except for maternal age).ConclusionAn increasing trend of the birth prevalence of anotia and microtia is observed in China. Higher prevalence risk of isolated anotia and microtia is found among western births, mothers residing in urban areas, older mothers, and males. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:88–94, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Validation of an oncoplastic breast simulator for assessment of technical skills in wide local excision
Authors: Leff D R , Petrou G , Mavroveli S , Bersihand M , Cocker D , Al-Mufti R , Hadjiminas D J , Darzi A , Hanna G B 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background
Simulation enables safe practice and facilitates objective assessment of technical skills. However, simulation training in breast surgery is rare and assessment remains subjective. The primary aim was to evaluate the construct validity of technical skills assessments in wide local excision (WLE).

Methods
Surgeons of different grades performed a WLE of a 25-mm palpable tumour on an in-house synthetic breast simulator. Procedures were videotaped (blinded), reviewed retrospectively, and independently rated against a procedure-specific global rating scale by two consultant breast surgeons. Specimen radiographs were obtained and the macroscopic distance from the ‘tumour’ edge to the resection margin was recorded in four cardinal directions. Expert consensus was used to construct an Oncoplastic Deviation Score (ODS), assigning points for excessively wide (more than 10 mm) and, conversely, close (less than 5 mm) macroscopic margins.

Results
Thirty-four surgeons (12 consultant surgeons, 12 specialty trainees and 10 core trainees) participated in the study. Video-based rating scores varied hierarchically with operator expertise (P &lt; 0·050). Inter-rater reliability was excellent (α ≥ 0·80, P &lt; 0·050 for all scales), and inter-rater agreement was moderate (κ = 0·132–0·361, P &lt; 0·050 for all scales). Statistically significant differences were observed on pairwise comparisons between each grade of surgeon in scores for ‘exposure’, ‘skin flap development’, ‘glandular remodelling’, ‘skin closure’ and ‘final product review’ (P &lt; 0·050). Consultants received significantly fewer ODS points than specialty trainees (P = 0·012) and core trainees (P = 0·028). Compared with experts (median 9·0 mm), wider margins were observed amongst specialty trainees (median 12·0 mm) and narrower margins amongst core trainees (median 7·1 mm) (P = 0·001).

Conclusion
Video ratings of performance and a proposed ODS differentiate surgeons based on technical skills in WLE and may be useful for objective assessment of breast surgery trainees.
Synthesis of New Highly Substituted and Hindered 1‐Hydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylates
Authors: Park Yeon Kyeong , Kim Hyejin , Lee Sang Hyup 
Published: December 2015

The synthesis of new, highly substituted, and hindered 1‐hydroxyindole‐2‐carboxylates 1 is described. Substrates 2, prepared through a two‐step synthetic sequence, were treated with relatively weak nucleophiles in the presence of SnCl2
· 2H2O to afford compounds 1. In particular, nucleophiles of low reactivity and/or high steric hindrance reacted efficiently to give 1 in good to modest yields.
Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Studies of Zinc Acetate in 1‐Ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium Acetate for Zinc Electrodeposition
Authors: Ghazvini Maryam Shapouri , Pulletikurthi Giridhar , Lahiri Abhishek , Endres Frank 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn this paper, we report on the electrodeposition of zinc from the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIm]OAc) with various concentrations of zinc acetate [Zn(OAc)2] at 100 °C. The electrochemical behavior of zinc complexes in [EMIm]OAc was determined by cyclic voltammetry. Raman and infrared spectroscopy were employed to study the coordination of Zn2+ ions with OAc−, and it was found that upon increasing the Zn(OAc)2 concentration the intensity of the band for the free acetate anion weakened, due to binding with Zn2+ ions. A minimum concentration of 4 m Zn(OAc)2 was required to observe bulk zinc deposition, and in that case, the reducible species present in the solution were probably a mixture of Zn(OAc)2 and Zn(OAc)+. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy results revealed microcrystals of zinc composed of many nanostructures distributed on the substrate, and X‐ray diffraction analysis indicated that a Zn–Au alloy along with Zn films was obtained.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal and Magnetic Structure of Sr2BIrO6 (B: Sc, Ti, Fe, Co, In) in the Framework of Multivalent Iridium Double Perovskites.
Authors: Kayser Paula , Alonso Jose A. , Mompean Federico J. , Retuerto Maria , Croft Mark , Ignatov Alexander , Fernandez‐Diaz Maria T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractPolycrystalline samples of Sr2BIrO6 (B: In, Sc, Fe, Co, Ti) are prepared from citrate precursors using stoichiometric mixtures of Sr(NO3)2, IrO2, In2O3, Sc2O3, FeC2O4, Co(NO3)2, and TiC10H14O5 in aqueous solutions of citric acid and HNO3 followed by heating of the resulting resins (600 °C, 12 h) and calcination in air (1100—1200 °C, 12 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Atomic Layer Deposition of Lithium Phosphorus Oxynitride.
Authors: Nisula Mikko , Shindo Yohei , Koga Hideyuki , Karppinen Maarit 
Published: December 2015

AbstractLiPON thin films for potential use as a conformal solid‐state electrolyte coating in 3D Li‐ion microbattery technology are fabricated by simultaneously incorporating P and N via (Et‐O)2(NH2)PO together with LiN(Tms)2 as the Li precursor.
ChemInform Abstract: High Thermoelectric Performance and Enhanced Mechanical Stability of p‐Type Ge1‐xSbxTe.
Authors: Perumal Suresh , Roychowdhury Subhajit , Negi Devendra S. , Datta Ranjan , Biswas Kanishka 
Published: December 2015

AbstractGe1‐xSbxTe (x = 0—0.1) is prepared from the elements (evacuated quartz tubes, 1223 K, 6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Effects of Indium Contents on Photocatalytic Performance of ZnIn2S4 for Hydrogen Evolution under Visible Light.
Authors: Song Kelin , Zhu Rongshu , Tian Fei , Cao Gang , Ouyang Feng 
Published: December 2015

AbstractZnInxS4+y (x = 1.6, 2.0, 2.3, 2.6, 2.9, 3.1) photocatalysts are prepared by hydrothermal reaction of appropriate amounts of ZnSO4, In(NO3)3, and Me(NH2)CS in H2O (autoclave, 160 °C, 1 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Assembly of Sandwich‐Type 3‐D Supramolecular Coordination Polymers Based on Hexa‐Molybdenum Chain and {PMo12O40} Heteropolyanion.
Authors: Wan Siqi , Yu Kai , Wang Lu , Su Zhanhua , Zhou Baibin 
Published: December 2015

AbstractYellow block crystals of H3O[Mo6(bipy)6O17] [PMo12O40]·2H2O are hydrothermally synthesized from a mixture of H3PMo12O40, Ba(NO3)2, bipy, HNO3, and H2O (autoclave, pH 2.0, 170 °C, 3 d; 40% yield).
ChemInform Abstract: Manganese(II)‐Catalyzed Esterification of N‐β‐Hydroxyethylamides.
Authors: Nishii Yuji , Akiyama Shoko , Kita Yusuke , Mashima Kazushi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis protocol enables selective cleavage of amide bonds through a mechanism involving N,O—acyl rearrangement and transesterification.
ChemInform Abstract: Study of Sustainability and Scalability in the Cp*Rh(III)‐Catalyzed Direct C—H Amidation with 1,4,2‐Dioxazol‐5‐ones.
Authors: Park Yoonsu , Jee Soyeon , Kim Jeung Gon , Chang Sukbok 
Published: December 2015

AbstractOptimized conditions without using chlorinated solvents are presented for the synthesis of 3‐phenyl‐1,4,2‐dioxazol‐5‐one as well as its application in the directed Rh‐catalyzed C—H amidation.
ChemInform Abstract: Nonstabilized Azomethine Ylides as Reagents for Alkylaminomethylation of Aromatic Ketones via 5‐Aryloxazolidines.
Authors: Moshkin Vladimir S. , Buev Evgeny M. , Sosnovskikh Vyacheslav Y. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractConditions for the two‐step transformation of cyclic and acyclic aryl ketones to 2‐alkylamino‐1‐arylethanols are elaborated.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of GABA Amides via the Nucleophilic Addition of Amines to 3,3‐Disubstituted Cyclopropenes.
Authors: Maslivetc Vladimir A. , Rubina Marina , Rubin Michael 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe title synthesis follows the nucleophilic addition, ring‐opening of the resulting cyclopropanes, and in‐situ reduction of enamine or imine intermediates sequence.
ChemInform Abstract: Ni‐Catalyzed Regioselective Hydrocarboxylation of Alkynes with CO2 by Using Simple Alcohols as Proton Sources.
Authors: Wang Xueqiang , Nakajima Masaki , Martin Ruben 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA novel practical Ni‐catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of internal alkynes with CO2 using cheap alcohols as proton source is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: An Efficient Synthesis of Symmetrical N,N′‐Alkylidene Bis‐Amides Catalyzed by a Heteropolyacid.
Authors: Maleki Behrooz , Zonoz Farrokhzad Mohammadi , Akhlaghi Hossien Ali 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe molybdenum heteropolyacid used in the presented protocol has the advantage to be non‐corrosive, environmentally benign, and thermally stable.
ChemInform Abstract: A Convenient Method for the Synthesis of Aryl Methyl Sulfides via Cu(I)‐Mediated Methylthiolation of Haloarenes with DMSO.
Authors: Ghosh Ketaki , Ranjit Sadananda , Mal Dipakranjan 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA variety of aryl bromides and iodides are efficiently converted into aryl methyl sulfides using DMSO as a convenient source of the S‐methyl group.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Free Sonogashira Reactions Catalyzed by a Palladium(II) Complex Bearing Pyrenealdehyde Thiosemicarbazonate under Ambient Conditions.
Authors: Prabhu Rupesh Narayana , Pal Samudranil 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe use of the title catalyst allows the coupling of various aryl bromides and chlorides with phenylacetylene at room temperature under aerobic conditions to give diarylacetylenes.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Alkylidene‐γ‐butyrolactone Synthesis via One‐Pot C—H Insertion/Olefination: Substrate Scope and the Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Cedarmycins A and B.
Authors: Lloyd Matthew G. , D'Acunto Mariantonietta , Taylor Richard J.K. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractA series of α‐alkylidene‐γ‐butyrolactones is prepared by a C—H insertion/olefination sequence from the corresponding diazophosphonates.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Vinylogous Michael Reaction of Cyclic Enones with Silyloxy Furans.
Authors: Jadhav Amol P. , Bhaskara Rao V. U. , Singh Pradeep , Gonnade R. G. , Singh Ravi P. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe reaction of substituted cyclohexenones and 2‐silyloxyfurans delivers the corresponding Michael‐adducts in moderate to high yields and with very high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Straightforward Approach Toward Dihydrothiazoles via Intramolecular Bromocyclization.
Authors: Sadat‐Ebrahimi Seyed Esmail , Ganjizadeh Zarj Marzieh , Moghimi Setareh , Yahya‐Meymandi Azadeh , Mahdavi Mohammad , Arab Saman , Shafiee Abbas , Foroumadi Alireza 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe intramolecular bromium ion‐assisted cyclization of benzoyl chlorides furnishes dihydrothiazole derivatives by an easy procedure.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐2‐chromene and 2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4H‐pyran Derivatives Promoted by Potassium Fluoride.
Authors: Maleki Behrooz , Sheikh Safoora 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAn eco‐friendly protocol for the synthesis of the title compounds is presented using a one‐pot three‐component condensation reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of 2,3‐Dihydroquinazolin‐4(1H)‐ones under Catalyst‐ and Solvent‐Free Conditions.
Authors: Das Gupta Arpita , Samanta Swati , Mallik Asok K. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAs a valuable addition to current protocols two efficient methods are presented for the synthesis of dihydroquinazolinones from anthranilamide with an aldehyde or a ketone.