bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
BMPR2mutation status influences bronchial vascular changes in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Ghigna Maria-Rosa , Guignabert Christophe , Montani David , Girerd Barbara , Jaïs Xavier , Savale Laurent , Hervé Philippe , Thomas de Montpréville Vincent , Mercier Olaf , Sitbon Olivier , Soubrier Florent , Fadel Elie , Simonneau Gérald , Humbert Marc , Dorfmüller Peter 
Published: November 2016

The impact of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 (BMPR2) gene mutations on vascular remodelling in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is unknown. We sought to identify a histological profile ofBMPR2mutation carriers.Clinical data and lung histology from 44 PAH patients were subjected to systematic analysis and morphometry.Bronchial artery hypertrophy/dilatation and bronchial angiogenesis, as well as muscular remodelling of septal veins were significantly increased in PAH lungs carryingBMPR2mutations. We found that patients displaying increased bronchial artery remodelling and bronchial microvessel density, irrespective of the mutation status, were more likely to suffer from severe haemoptysis. History of substantial haemoptysis (>50 mL) was significantly more frequent inBMPR2mutation carriers. 43.5% ofBMPR2mutation carriers, as opposed to 9.5% of noncarriers, displayed singular large fibrovascular lesions, which appear to be closely related to the systemic lung vasculature.Our analysis provides evidence for the involvement of the pulmonary systemic circulation inBMPR2mutation-related PAH. We show thatBMPR2mutation carriers are more prone to haemoptysis and that haemoptysis is closely correlated to bronchial arterial remodelling and angiogenesis; in turn, pronounced changes in the systemic vasculature correlate with increased pulmonary venous remodelling, creating a distinctive profile in PAH patients harbouring aBMPR2mutation.
Mortality prediction in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: evaluation of computer-based CT analysis with conventional severity measures
Authors: Jacob Joseph , Bartholmai Brian J. , Rajagopalan Srinivasan , Kokosi Maria , Nair Arjun , Karwoski Ronald , Walsh Simon L.F. , Wells Athol U. , Hansell David M. 
Published: November 2016

Computer-based computed tomography (CT) analysis can provide objective quantitation of disease in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). A computer algorithm, CALIPER, was compared with conventional CT and pulmonary function measures of disease severity for mortality prediction.CT and pulmonary function variables (forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide, transfer coefficient of the lung for carbon monoxide and composite physiologic index (CPI)) of 283 consecutive patients with a multidisciplinary diagnosis of IPF were evaluated against mortality. Visual and CALIPER CT features included total extent of interstitial lung disease, honeycombing, reticular pattern, ground glass opacities and emphysema. In addition, CALIPER scored pulmonary vessel volume (PVV) while traction bronchiectasis and consolidation were only scored visually. A combination of mortality predictors was compared with the Gender, Age, Physiology model.On univariate analyses, all visual and CALIPER-derived interstitial features and functional indices were predictive of mortality to a 0.01 level of significance. On multivariate analysis, visual CT parameters were discarded. Independent predictors of mortality were CPI (hazard ratio (95% CI) 1.05 (1.02–1.07), p<0.001) and two CALIPER parameters: PVV (1.23 (1.08–1.40), p=0.001) and honeycombing (1.18 (1.06–1.32), p=0.002). A three-group staging system derived from this model was powerfully predictive of mortality (2.23 (1.85–2.69), p<0.0001).CALIPER-derived parameters, in particular PVV, are more accurate prognostically than traditional visual CT scores. Quantitative tools such as CALIPER have the potential to improve staging systems in IPF.
Adenotonsillectomy for childhood obstructive sleep apnoea reduces thoraco-abdominal asynchrony but spontaneous apnoea−hypopnoea index normalisation does not
Authors: Liu Xiao , Immanuel Sarah , Pamula Yvonne , Kennedy Declan , Martin James , Baumert Mathias 
Published: November 2016

The efficacy of adenotonsillectomy for treating obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) in children has been established, but its precise effects on inspiratory effort are not well documented.In 353 children enrolled in the Childhood Adenotonsillectomy Trial, randomised to undergo either early adenotonsillectomy (n=182) or a strategy of watchful waiting with supportive care (WWSC) (n=171), thoraco-abdominal asynchrony (TAA) was analysed during quiet, non-apnoeic and non-hypopnoeic breathing during sleep at baseline and at 7 months using overnight polysomnography.Children who underwent early adenotonsillectomy demonstrated a reduction in TAA post-surgery while the WWSC arm showed no change. On assessing TAA with regard to normalisation of clinical polysomnography findings at follow-up, TAA was reduced in children who had surgical resolution of OSAS (based on apnoea–hypopnoea index), but not in children who displayed spontaneous normalisation of apnoea–hypopnoea index. In the latter group, TAA was inversely correlated with quality of life.We conclude that adenotonsillectomy reduces TAA during quiet sleep. Monitoring of instantaneous TAA may yield additional insight in the dynamic changes of inspiratory effort. In combination with traditional indices of obstruction, TAA may more accurately characterise the degree of sleep-disordered breathing in children.
Induction of Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 by hCG Regulates Periovulatory Gene Expression and Plasmin Activity
Authors: Puttabyatappa Muraly , Al-Alem Linah F. , Zakerkish Farnosh , Rosewell Katherine L. , Brännström Mats , Curry Thomas E. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Increased proteolytic activity is a key event that aids in breakdown of the follicular wall to permit oocyte release. How the protease activity is regulated is still unknown. We hypothesize that tissue factor pathway inhibitor 2 (TFPI2), a Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, plays a role in regulating periovulatory proteolytic activity as in other tissues. TFPI2 is secreted into the extracellular matrix (ECM) where it is postulated to regulate physiological ECM remodeling. The expression profile of TFPI2 during the periovulatory period was assessed utilizing a well-characterized human menstrual cycle model and a gonadotropin-primed rat model. Administration of an ovulatory dose of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increased TFPI2 expression dramatically in human and rat granulosa and theca cells. This increase in Tfpi2 expression in rat granulosa cells required hCG-mediated epidermal growth factor, protein kinase A, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) 1/2, p38 MAPK and protease activated receptor 1-dependent cell signaling. A small interferingRNA-mediated knockdown of TFPI2 in rat granulosa cells resulted in increased plasmin activity in the granulosa cell conditioned media. Knockdown of TFPI2 also reduced expression of multiple genes including interleukin 6 (Il6) and amphiregulin (Areg). Overexpression of TFPI2 using an adenoviral vector partially restored the expression of Il6 and Areg in TFPI2 siRNA treated rat granulosa cells. These data support the hypothesis that TFPI2 is important for moderating plasmin activity and regulating granulosa cell gene expression during the periovulatory period. We, therefore, propose that through these actions, TFPI2 aids in the tissue remodeling taking place during follicular rupture and corpus luteum formation.
Inter-Metallocene Cross-Coupling Reaction and Oxidation Study on Hetero Nuclear Bimetallocene Compounds including Fe, Ru and Os
Authors: Yasuhara Hiroki , Nakashima Satoru 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Hetero nuclear bimetallocene compounds, ferrocenylruthenocene (FcRc), ferrocenylosmocene (FcOc), ruthenocenylosmocene (RcOc) and 1-ferrocenyl-4-ruthencoenylbenzene (FcPhRc) were synthesized by Suzuki–Miyaura coupling or Negishi coupling reaction. When these compounds were oxidized with I2, mixed-valence compounds, [(C5H5)FeII(C5H4-C5H4)OsIV-I(C5H5)]I3 (1), [(C5H5)RuII(C5H4-C5H4)OsIV-I(C5H5)]I3 (3) and [(C5H5)FeIII(C5H4-Ph-C5H4)RuIV-I(C5H5)](I3)2 (4), were obtained. The valence state was investigated by using 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and variable-temperature 1H NMR spectroscopy. FcOc was also oxidized by [(C5H5)2RuIV-Cl]PF6, and the ferrocenylosmocenium-Cl adduct [(C5H5)FeII(C5H4-C5H4)OsIV-Cl(C5H5)]PF6 (2) was obtained. The valence detrapping described as FeII-OsIV$ \rightleftharpoons $ FeIII-OsIII was observed by 1H NMR measurement in high-temperature solution. The valence detrapping was also observed in solid state by 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Plus jamais la même À propos de quelques interprétations récentes de la Révolution française
Authors: Benigno Francesco 
Published: October 2016

RésuméCet article propose une discussion sur trois publications récentes et importantes consacrées à la Révolution française: le livre de Timothy Tackett,The Coming of the Terror in the French Revolution, celui de Jonathan Israel,Revolutionary Ideas: An Intellectual History of the French Revolution from the Rights of Man to Robespierreet, enfin, celui de Haim Burstin,Révolutionnaires. Pour une anthropologie politique de la Révolution française. Ces ouvrages se caractérisent notamment par un retour bienvenu à des interprétations générales renouvelées par de nouvelles approches théoriques. Le processus révolutionnaire est donc envisagé sous de multiples points de vue: le premier se fonde sur le courant historiographique connu sous le nom de « nouvelle histoire des émotions » pour expliquer l’obsession de la conspiration et, donc, la Terreur; le deuxième propose une utilisation nouvelle de l’histoire traditionnelle des idées, considérée comme capable d’expliquer les prétendus « faits concrets »; le troisième envisage l’expérience révolutionnaire selon une perspective inspirée par l’anthropologie en établissant une typologie afin de la caractériser. Cependant, tous sont unis par leur résistance à analyser la structure politique en tant que telle, c’est-à-dire à étudier comment fonctionnaient concrètement les institutions politiques pendant la Révolution.
Sociologie de l’antisémitisme allemand
Authors: Elias Norbert 
Published: October 2016

Résumé
Pour comprendre la montée de l’antisémitisme en Allemagne, il convient de saisir ce phénomène dans des termes sociologiques. Les causes de l’antisémitisme ont toujours été structurelles bien qu’il ait pris des formes différentes selon les époques. L’article retrace la manière dont l’hostilité à l’égard des juifs est un effet des luttes de pouvoir entre groupes, produisant à chaque fois des constellations singulières et des visions du monde où le groupe particulier des juifs apparaît parfois comme le support d’une revendication d’émancipation générale, mais figure aussi comme une extériorité dont la proximité et la concurrence sont redoutées. Revenant sur la conjoncture actuelle de 1929, marquée par une crise économique et politique aiguë, le sociologue constate que l’antisémitisme ne peut que croître, de sorte qu’il ne demeure aux juifs que l’option d’une émigration en Palestine ou, à défaut, de faire face à la situation avec lucidité.
Elias sur l’antisémitisme: le sionisme ou la sociologie
Authors: Trom Danny 
Published: October 2016

RésuméAppuyé sur une lecture du texte d’intervention de Norbert Elias « Sociologie de l’antisémitisme allemand », paru en 1929 dans une revue israélite communautaire, cet article se propose de reconsidérer la trajectoire intellectuelle du sociologue. Il soutient que dans ce texte aux allures circonstancielles Elias thématise le choix qu’il fait en faveur de la sociologie. Cette option vient se substituer à et recouvrir son engagement sioniste dans le mouvement de jeunesse Blau-Weiss, comme le laisse entendre, malgré son ambiguïté, la phrase conclusive de son texte où il présente aux juifs d’Allemagne une alternative: l’émigration collective vers la Palestine ou la lucidité tirée du diagnostic sociologique de la situation. L’article situe d’abord ce texte d’intervention dans la palette des analyses de l’antisémitisme en Allemagne durant les années 1920, en particulier celles de Franz Oppenheimer, dans son rapport au sionisme. Il le situe ensuite dans ce courant de la sociologie mené par Karl Mannheim, dont Elias sera l’assistant à Francfort, dans son contraste avec la perspective développée à la même époque par l’École de Francfort. Enfin, il montre que le geste de distanciation sociologique opéré par Elias viendra imperceptiblement se substituer à la distanciation politique qui avait le sionisme pour pivot, un geste scientifique qui supposait d’effacer définitivement de sa mémoire l’option politique sioniste en faveur de laquelle il avait pourtant longtemps milité.
La force des dispositifs
Authors: Dodier Nicolas , Barbot Janine 
Published: October 2016

RésuméLes sciences sociales peuvent tirer parti d’une attention particulière à la place qu’occupent les dispositifs dans la vie sociale. L’intérêt d’une telle perspective transparaît de l’examen des recherches qui, depuis la fin des années 1970, ont recouru à cette notion. Mais la lecture de ces travaux fait apparaître également, outre la grande variété des définitions et des objectifs associés au concept de dispositif, certaines des difficultés rencontrées en chemin. Elle incite à un effort de clarification et de renouvellement, autant sur le plan conceptuel que méthodologique, auquel cet article souhaite contribuer. Dans la première partie de l’article, nous présentons les résultats d’une enquête conceptuelle sur la notion de dispositif. Dans la deuxième partie, nous développons une série de propositions qui visent à élaborer une approche « processuelle » des dispositifs. Nous revenons enfin sur plusieurs enquêtes que nous avons conduites dans cette perspective autour de dispositifs de réparation: étude du travail doctrinal des juristes autour du procès pénal, des pratiques d’avocats à l’audience d’un procès, des réactions de victimes d’une catastrophe sanitaire face à un fonds d’indemnisation, des transformations historiques des dispositifs de réparation des accidents médicaux depuis le début du XIXesiècle. Il s’agit ainsi de préciser l’approche proposée et d’en suggérer des prolongements possibles.
Sciences et savoirs
Authors: Chartier Roger 
Published: October 2016

Résumé
Cette note critique pose trois questions, formulées essentiellement à partir des deux premiers tomes de l’Histoire des sciences et des savoirs, entreprise dirigée par Dominique Pestre.Tout d’abord, elle examine les relations entre « sciences » et « savoirs ». Est-il possible de tracer une nette frontière entre les unes et les autres? Ou faut-il considérer les savoirs « scientifiques » (avec ou sans guillemets) comme une classe particulière de savoirs? Et, dans ce cas, doit-on les définir à partir d’un certain nombre d’opérations spécifiques? Ensuite, l’interrogation porte sur l’acceptation, la critique ou le refus de la définition classique de la « révolution scientifique », datée du XVIIe siècle et caractérisée par la rencontre entre la mathématisation de la nature et la pratique expérimentale. Faut-il lui substituer d’autres perspectives, qui portent l’attention sur les reconfigurations des champs de la connaissance ou sur la pluralité des révolutions? Enfin, est discutée l’attention portée aux histoires connectées des savoirs, qui rompent avec l’européocentrisme et introduisent de nouveaux acteurs. Mais ces circulations n’effacent pas l’asymétrie des échanges, les stigmatisations des savoirs indigènes ou l’imposition impérialiste de la science occidentale.
Social classes and tolerance to corruption in Portugal: What is the relationship?
Authors: Moriconi Marcelo , Carvalho Tiago 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Corruption has been perceived as one of the main problems in Portuguese politics and society. However, the phenomenon is not new for the country. Therefore, this article tries to identify the ways in which tolerance to corruption is disseminated among various social classes. In order for a source of unrest to persist for a length of time, it requires a high degree of social tolerance. Using data from a 2006 survey (corruption and ethics in democracy project), this article presents a portrait of how different social classes correspond to different types of tolerance to parochial corruption. These groups have different views regarding the phenomenon as well as certain forms of non-transactive corruption that reproduce tolerance to corruption.
Memorable Audiovisual Narratives Synchronize Sensory and Supramodal Neural Responses
Authors: Cohen Samantha S. , Parra Lucas C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOur brains integrate information across sensory modalities to generate perceptual experiences and form memories. However, it is difficult to determine the conditions under which multisensory stimulation will benefit or hinder the retrieval of everyday experiences. We hypothesized that the determining factor is the reliability of information processing during stimulus presentation, which can be measured through intersubject correlation of stimulus-evoked activity. We therefore presented biographical auditory narratives and visual animations to 72 human subjects visually, auditorily, or combined, while neural activity was recorded using electroencephalography. Memory for the narrated information, contained in the auditory stream, was tested 3 weeks later. While the visual stimulus alone led to no meaningful retrieval, this related stimulus improved memory when it was combined with the story, even when it was temporally incongruent with the audio. Further, individuals with better subsequent memory elicited neural responses during encoding that were more correlated with their peers. Surprisingly, portions of this predictive synchronized activity were present regardless of the sensory modality of the stimulus. These data suggest that the strength of sensory and supramodal activity is predictive of memory performance after 3 weeks, and that neural synchrony may explain the mnemonic benefit of the functionally uninformative visual context observed for these real-world stimuli.
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy and hypophysitis after Puumala hantavirus infection
Authors: Tarvainen Marlene , Mäkelä Satu , Mustonen Jukka , Jaatinen Pia 
Published: November 2016

Summary
Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) infection causes nephropathia epidemica (NE), a relatively mild form of haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hypophyseal haemorrhage and hypopituitarism have been described in case reports on patients with acute NE. Chronic hypopituitarism diagnosed months or years after the acute illness has also been reported, without any signs of a haemorrhagic aetiology. The mechanisms leading to the late-onset hormonal defects remain unknown. Here, we present a case of NE-associated autoimmune polyendocrinopathy and hypopituitarism presumably due to autoimmune hypophysitis. Thyroid peroxidase antibody seroconversion occurred between 6 and 12 months, and ovarian as well as glutamate decarboxylase antibodies were found 18 months after acute NE. Brain MRI revealed an atrophic adenohypophysis with a heterogeneous, low signal intensity compatible with a sequela of hypophysitis. The patient developed central (or mixed central and peripheral) hypothyroidism, hypogonadism and diabetes insipidus, all requiring hormonal replacement therapy. This case report suggests that late-onset hormonal defects after PUUV infection may develop by an autoimmune mechanism. This hypothesis needs to be confirmed by prospective studies with sufficient numbers of patients.

Learning points:

Pituitary haemorrhage resulting in hypopituitarism has been reported during acute HFRS caused by PUUV and other hantaviruses.

Central and peripheral hormone deficiencies developing months or years after HFRS have also been found, with an incidence higher than that in the general population. The pathogenesis of these late-onset hormonal defects remains unknown.

This case report suggests that the late-onset hypopituitarism and peripheral endocrine defects after HFRS could evolve via autoimmune mechanisms.

The sensitivity of current anti-pituitary antibody (APA) tests is low. A characteristic clinical course, together with typical brain MRI and endocrine findings may be sufficient for a non-invasive diagnosis of autoimmune hypophysitis, despite negative APAs.
A Sociological Approach Concerning Leadership: How CEO and the Masses Behave
Authors: GARITA Mauricio , MARTINEZ Sergio 
Published: October 2016

<p>The article focuses on the importance of analyzing leadership as part of a sociological issue rather than a management issue. This approach reflects that the leadership in multinationals is a social leadership, that has its effects in the different aspects of society. The article also states that the mass movement in societies is key since globalization and that handling it as an important issue in the management aspects of business will impact the development of the companies.</p><p> </p>
Discriminant Analysis of a Theory on Nigeria Poverty/Corruption Incidence 1999-2015
Authors: AKO Rose Mbatomon 
Published: October 2016

<p>This paper employs a two-stage analysis to test the efficacy of a quantitative Corruption Index theorized to double as poverty rate in Nigeria. The quantified corruption seems to peak with each democratic election cycle, singly explains 37.9% of variations in real gross domestic product (RGDP) for the economy and is statistically significant at 5 per cent level with expected negative signs. The analysis shows all the predictors are relevant to discriminating between the groups of years where development rates in the Nigerian economy (RGDP) indicate Nigerians are poor, very poor or in abject poverty with expenditure of the national assembly producing highest value F. 62.5% is the overall discriminant model fit and the model excels at identifying group1 (abject poverty) both in the original and cross-validated cases which report 100% correct classification. From the evidence, the dual face of poverty/corruption theorized by this paper for Nigeria may be considered on two fronts: as human beings are both agents and beneficiaries of development, human beings are also both agents and beneficiaries of corruption. Despite touted growth in the past decade, evidence indicates the well-being of a majority of Nigerians did not improve and we may assume that economic growth is not the only legitimate measure of development for Nigeria and that capturing the aspects of poverty/corruption is important. The theory’s explanation not only works in principle but also meets with some quantitative success and could serve as the basis for further empirical investigations of the corruption/poverty incidence in Nigeria. The paper therefore recommends government minimize general administrative expenditure and the expenditure of the national assembly to boost economic development and reduce the poverty/corruption incidence in Nigeria.</p>