bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yield-limiting nutrient response of lowbush blueberry grown in recent and ancient alluvial soils of the Mekong Delta
Authors: Ngoc Ngo Phuong , Ly Le Minh , Thao Pham Thi Phuong 
Published: September 2024

Background
Blueberries are ornamental plants grown in pots in many yards in the Mekong Delta (MD) region. In this region, the recent alluvial (RA) soil is fertile and ancient alluvial (AA) soil is considered degraded because it only has around a quarter of the nutrient content of the RA soil. Both soils have a high clay content, so organic matter is needed to improve their physical condition. This study aimed to identify the nutrients that limit the yield of blueberries in RA and AA soils of the MD.

Methods
The pot experiment was performed using a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with two factors: (a) two soil types (RA and AA) and (b) four omission or treatment conditions (NPK, PK, NK, and NP). The same fertilizer formula was used for all treatments, including 45N–20P2O5–20K2O and mixing CHC (10 tha-1) into the potting soil.

Results
The blueberry yield in AA soil was only 81% of that in RA soil. In both RA and AA soils, N omission caused foliar N content deficiency (10.42 g kg−1), resulting in the content of foliar P (0.84 g kg−1) and K (3.78 g kg−1) to fall below the Trevett threshold. In both RA and AA, N omission resulted in reduced fruit yield (47% and 39%, respectively) as well as reduced weight of the stem (70% and 42%, respectively) and leaf (59% and 46%, respectively). Increased crop yields in soils were mainly related to nitrogen fertilizer. The indigenous nutrient supply (INS) of RA, which is fertile, was high but its apparent nutrient recovery efficiency (ARE) index was low, whereas the INS of AA, or the level of degraded soil, was low but its ARE index was high. In alluvial soils, the higher the INS level, the less positive the impact on the ARE index. In AA soil, the indigenous N and K supplies can be improved through fertilizer investment; however, a balance must be achieved considering economic efficiency.
Reliability of motion phase identification for long-track speed skating using inertial measurement units
Authors: Iizuka Tomoki , Tomita Yosuke 
Published: September 2024

Background
Precise identification of motion phases in long-track speed skating is critical to characterize and optimize performance. This study aimed to estimate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of movement phase identification using inertial measurement units (IMUs) in long-track speed skating.

Methods
We analyzed 15 skaters using IMUs attached to specific body locations during a 500m skate, focusing on the stance phase, and identifying three movement events: Onset, Edge-flip, and Push-off. Reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman analysis.

Results
Results showed high intra- and inter-rater reliability (ICC [1,1]: 0.86 to 0.99; ICC [2,1]: 0.81 to 0.99) across all events. Absolute error ranged from 0.56 to 6.15 ms and from 0.92 to 26.29 ms for intra- and inter-rater reliability, respectively. Minimally detectable change (MDC) ranged from 17.56 to 62.22 ms and from 33.23 to 131.25 ms for intra- and inter-rater reliability, respectively.

Discussion
Despite some additive and proportional errors, the overall error range was within acceptable limits, indicating negligible systematic errors. The measurement error range was small, demonstrating the accuracy of IMUs. IMUs demonstrate high reliability in movement phase identification during speed skating, endorsing their application in sports science for enhanced kinematic studies and training.
Reply to comment by Tan et al. on “Sandbox modeling of evolving thrust wedges with different preexisting topographic relief: Implications for the Longmen Shan thrust belt, eastern Tibet”
Authors: Sun Chuang , Jia Dong , Yin Hongwei , Chen Zhuxin , Li Zhigang , Li Shen , Wei Dongtao , Li Yiquan , Yan Bin , Wang Maomao , Fang Shaozhi , Cui Jian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTan et al. comment that the preexisting topographic relief in our sandbox is opposed to its prototype in the central Longmen Shan. Therefore, the comparison between our sandbox modeling and the natural topography is questionable and does not agree with our conclusion that the Xiaoyudong fault is a tear fault. First, we are grateful to the authors for their approval of our sandbox modeling and its contribution to understanding fault behavior within thrust wedges. However, after reading the comment carefully, we found that they misunderstood the meaning of topographic relief we conveyed. In response, we would like to address the differences between the topography in their comment and the orogen‐scale topography we investigated in our modeling to defend our conclusion.
Dynamics of soil organic carbon and nitrogen following agricultural abandonment in a karst region
Authors: Li Dejun , Wen Li , Yang Liqiong , Luo Pan , Xiao Kongcao , Chen Hao , Zhang Wei , He Xunyang , Chen Hongsong , Wang Kelin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAgricultural abandonment is regarded as a major driver of soil organic carbon (C) dynamics, but the mechanisms underlying the direction and magnitude of soil C dynamics following agricultural abandonment are poorly understood. Here dynamics of soil C and N contents during postagricultural succession were investigated in areas underlain by dolomite or limestone by using a space‐for‐time substitution approach in a karst region, southwest China. One hundred twenty‐five sites from cropland, grassland, shrubland, and secondary forest were selected to represent different succession stages. Overall, soil C and N contents were greater (P < 0.05) over limestone than over dolomite mainly due to significantly greater contents of soil C and N in the cropland and grassland underlain by limestone. Both soil C and N contents were lowest in the cropland while highest in the forest. Further analysis indicated that the patterns of soil C and N dynamics differed between the two lithology types. Soil C and N contents increased significantly from cropland to forest over dolomite, while varied insignificantly among succession stages over limestone. Exchangeable calcium explained most of soil C and N variance. We proposed that higher dissolution rate of limestone could replenish the lost calcium so that the calcium levels, and in turn soil C and N contents, were stable from the cropland to the forest. Nevertheless, due to relatively low dissolution rate for dolomite, the calcium level was depleted in the cropland. Following agricultural abandonment, calcium level recovered due to decreased loss, which in turn resulted in recovery of soil C and N.
Enzymatic N‐Glycosylation of Diverse Arylamine Aglycones by a Promiscuous Glycosyltransferase from Carthamus tinctorius
Authors: Xie Kebo , Chen Ridao , Chen Dawei , Li Jianhua , Wang Ruishan , Yang Lin , Dai Jungui 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA new glycosyltransferase (UGT71E5) from Carthamus tinctorius exhibited a robust promiscuity towards 30 structurally diverse drug‐like aromatic amine scaffolds, making it the first reported glycosyltransferase capable of catalyzing N‐glycosylation with multiple diverse nitrogen‐heterocyclic aromatic compounds. The catalytic promiscuity and reversibility of UGT71E5 was exploited to generate the rare N‐glycoside from the abundant O‐glycoside with high efficiency. These findings demonstrate the significant potential of UGT71E5 in the enzymatic synthesis of diverse bioactive N‐glycosides.magnified image
The Transition From Emergency Medicine Resident to Critical Care Fellow: A Road Map
Authors: Johnson Nicholas J. , Maher Patrick J. , Badulak Jenelle , Luks Andrew M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEmergency medicine (EM) residents now have a number of opportunities for fellowship training in critical care medicine (CCM). The aim of this review is to help EM residents navigate the application process, transition to fellowship, and start planning their careers beyond fellowship. Pathways to advanced training in CCM available for EM residents include internal medicine‐CCM, anesthesiology‐CCM, surgical critical care, and neurocritical care. Each has unique prerequisites, application timelines, and training requirements. EM residency graduates generally already have well‐developed crisis management and team leadership skills and excel with procedures such as airway management, vascular access, and bedside ultrasound. Potential areas for growth for EM trainees include critical care physiology, end‐of‐life care, longitudinal inpatient care, and perioperative medicine. Career opportunities for physicians trained in EM and CCM are diverse and include options in community or academic settings. Some choose EM or CCM exclusively or engage in a mix of both. Academic positions with joint opportunities in EM and CCM are desirable, but can be challenging to negotiate. Many EM‐CCM physicians serve as topic experts in their respective groups for clinical care, quality improvement, education, or research involving the interface between the ED and intensive care unit. As career paths in critical care continue to grow in popularity, EM residents, as well as CCM faculty and program directors, should be aware of the available fellowship options, as well as training and career development needs specific to EM residents.
The Structure of Glycine Dihydrate: Implications for the Crystallization of Glycine from Solution and Its Structure in Outer Space
Authors: Xu Wenqian , Zhu Qiang , Hu Chunhua (Tony) 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGlycine, the simplest amino acid, is also the most polymorphous. Herein, we report the structure determination of a long unknown phase of glycine, which was first reported by Pyne and Suryanarayanan in 2001. To date, this phase has only been prepared at 208 K as nanocrystals within ice. Through computational crystal‐structure prediction and powder X‐ray diffraction methods, we identified this elusive phase as glycine dihydrate (GDH), representing the first report on the structure of a hydrated glycine structure. The structure of GDH has important implications for the state of glycine in aqueous solution and the mechanisms of glycine crystallization. GDH may also be the form of glycine that comes to Earth from extraterrestrial sources.
Palladium‐Catalyzed Hydrolytic Cleavage of Aromatic C−O Bonds
Authors: Wang Meng , Shi Hui , Camaioni Donald M. , Lercher Johannes A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMetallic palladium surfaces are highly selective in promoting the reductive hydrolysis of aromatic ethers in aqueous phase at relatively mild temperatures and pressures of H2. At quantitative conversions, the selectivity to hydrolysis products of PhOR ethers was observed to range from 50 % (R=Ph) to greater than 90 % (R=n‐C4H9, cyclohexyl, and PhCH2CH2). By analysis of the evolution of products with and without incorporation of H218O, the pathway was concluded to be initiated by palladium metal catalyzed partial hydrogenation of the phenyl group to an enol ether. Water then rapidly adds to the enol ether to form a hemiacetal, which then undergoes elimination to cyclohexanone and phenol/alkanol products. A remarkable feature of the reaction is that the stronger Ph−O bond is cleaved rather than the weaker aliphatic O−R bond.
Discovery of Novel Cinchona‐Alkaloid‐Inspired Oxazatwistane Autophagy Inhibitors
Authors: Laraia Luca , Ohsawa Kosuke , Konstantinidis Georgios , Robke Lucas , Wu Yao‐Wen , Kumar Kamal , Waldmann Herbert 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe cinchona alkaloids are a privileged class of natural products and are endowed with diverse bioactivities. However, for compounds with the closely‐related oxazatricyclo[4.4.0.0]decane (“oxazatwistane”) scaffold, which are accessible from cinchonidine and quinidine by means of ring distortion and modification, biological activity has not been identified. We report the synthesis of an oxazatwistane compound collection through employing state‐of‐the‐art C−H functionalization, and metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions as key late diversity‐generating steps. Exploration of oxazatwistane bioactivity in phenotypic assays monitoring different cellular processes revealed a novel class of autophagy inhibitors termed oxautins, which, in contrast to the guiding natural products, selectively inhibit autophagy by inhibiting both autophagosome biogenesis and autophagosome maturation.
A Ternary Solvent Method for Large‐Sized Two‐Dimensional Perovskites
Authors: Chen Junnian , Gan Lin , Zhuge Fuwei , Li Huiqiao , Song Jizhong , Zeng Haibo , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRecent reports demonstrate that a two‐dimensional (2D) structural characteristic can endow perovskites with both remarkable photoelectric conversion efficiency and high stability, but the synthesis of ultrathin 2D perovskites with large sizes by facile solution methods is still a challenge. Reported herein is the controlled growth of 2D (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 perovskites by a chlorobenzene‐dimethylformide‐acetonitrile ternary solvent method. The critical factors, including solvent volume ratio, crystallization temperature, and solvent polarity on the growth dynamics were systematically studied. Under optimum reaction condition, 2D (C4H9NH3)2PbBr4 perovskites, with the largest lateral dimension of up to 40 μm and smallest thickness down to a few nanometers, were fabricated. Furthermore, various iodine doped 2D (C4H9NH3)2PbBrxI4−x perovskites were accessed to tune the optical properties rationally.
A Hollow Spherical Carbon Derived from the Spray Drying of Corncob Lignin for High‐Rate‐Performance Supercapacitors
Authors: Pan Zheng‐Ze , Dong Liubing , Lv Wei , Zheng Dequn , Li Zhengjie , Luo Chong , Zheng Cheng , Yang Quan‐Hong , Kang Feiyu 
Published: January 2017

AbstractControlling the microstructure of biomass‐derived carbon is of essential importance for directing its use. Herein, a hollow spherical carbon (HSC) was prepared from corncob lignin through spray drying and subsequent heat treatment. The HSC, which is characterized by its hierarchically porous structure, delivers high rate capability when it is directly used as electrode material for supercapacitors. This strategy that uses lignin as the precursor avoids the intrinsic difficulty in tuning the microstructure of the biomass‐derived carbons and is suitable for mass production for practical use.
Levofloxacin effect on erlotinib absorption. Evaluation of the interaction in undernutrition situations through population pharmacokinetic analysis in rats
Authors: Pérez‐Pitarch Alejandro , Guglieri‐López Beatriz , Nacher Amparo , Merino Virginia , Merino‐Sanjuan Matilde 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe main objective of this study was to develop a pharmacokinetic model in order to describe the intestinal absorption of erlotinib in rat and to quantify the interaction of levofloxacin on this process in well‐ and under‐nourished rats. Absorption studies were performed in male Wistar rats. Concentration–time profiles in proximal and distal intestine were analysed through non‐linear mixed effect modelling using the NONMEM software version 7.3. Simulations were performed in order to explore the influence of covariates on the apparent absorption rate constant. A passive absorption and an active secretion process best‐described erlotinib absorption from lumen to enterocyte. The developed model indicates that levofloxacin exerts an inhibition on erlotinib efflux transporters of the gut epithelium. Undernourishment proved to significantly decrease the maximum capacity of the secretion process. Simulations evidenced that erlotinib absorption only takes place at high enough drug concentrations to overcome the effect of efflux transporters. On the other hand, when levofloxacin is present in the intestinal lumen of undernourished rats, erlotinib drug absorption takes place even at low erlotinib concentrations. In the clinical setting, this interaction may result in increased exposure to erlotinib, especially in undernourished cancer patients. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Abnormal levels of seven amino neurotransmitters in depressed rat brain and determination by HPLC‐FLD
Authors: Cui Ting , Qiu Hong‐Mei , Huang Dan , Zhou Qi‐Xin , Fu Xiao‐Yan , Li Hai‐Yan , Jiang Xin‐Hui 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe determination of amino acids with actions like neurotransmitters or modulators has been increasingly important for diagnosis in many neuropsychiatric diseases. A rapid and simple high‐performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection method was developed for simultaneous determination of seven amino acids: aspartate (Asp), glutamate (Glu), serine (Ser), glutamine (Gln), glycine (Gly), taurine (Tau) and γ‐aminobutyric` acid (GABA). Homoserine was used as an internal standard. The analysis was performed on a BDS column with methanol and 50 mm sodium acetate solution (pH 6.5) using a simple gradient elution. Several parameters of the developed method were validated including linearity, accuracy, precision, extraction recovery and stability, which were within the acceptable range. The method was successfully applied to determination of real samples: hippocampus and cortex in depressed rats exposed to chronically unpredictable stress in order to study if there existed differences in the seven amino acids levels between depressed rats and control. The results showed that Asp, Gly, Tau and GABA significantly decreased with increasing Gln in the hippocampus of depressed rats, compared with that of the control group, among which obviously lower level of Asp and higher level of Gln in cortex were observed. The analytical method and the results could be useful for clinical diagnosis and further insight into pathophysiological mechanism of depression.
Structural Elucidation of a Nonpeptidic Inhibitor Specific for the Human Immunoproteasome
Authors: Cui Haissi , Baur Regina , Le Chapelain Camille , Dubiella Christian , Heinemeyer Wolfgang , Huber Eva M. , Groll Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSelective inhibition of the immunoproteasome is a promising approach towards the development of immunomodulatory drugs. Recently, a class of substituted thiazole compounds that combine a nonpeptidic scaffold with the absence of an electrophile was reported in a patent. Here, we investigated the mode of action of the lead compound by using a sophisticated chimeric yeast model of the human immunoproteasome for structural studies. The inhibitor adopts a unique orientation perpendicular to the β5i substrate‐binding channel. Distinct interactions between the inhibitor and the subpockets of the human immunoproteasome account for its isotype selectivity.
Coke‐Tolerant Gadolinium‐Promoted HZSM‐5 Catalyst for Methanol Conversion into Hydrocarbons
Authors: Kim Sungtak , Kim Yong Tae , Hwang Ahron , Jun Ki‐Won , Kwak Geunjae 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe role of Gd as a coke inhibitor was studied for the methanol‐to‐hydrocarbons reaction. It was revealed that thin films of gadolinium oxide covered the ZSM‐5 crystals and that the Gd atoms that were uniformly dispersed on the surface enhanced the basicity of the parent ZSM‐5. These synergetic effects improved the durability of the acidic function and diminished the growth of coke precursors, which resulted in an increased lifetime of the catalyst.
Biomimetic Activation of Molecular Oxygen with a Combined Metalloporphyrinic Framework and Co‐catalyst Platform
Authors: Zhao Min , Wu Chuan‐De 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCytochromes P450 are powerful biocatalysts that present high catalytic efficiency in the aerobic oxidation of hydrocarbons under mild conditions. Even though metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), consisting of biomimetic metalloporphyrin moieties, are highly active in a number of reactions, they are almost powerless in the aerobic oxidation of inert hydrocarbons under mild conditions. Inspired by the catalytic mechanism of enzymes, we introduce N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as an assistant catalyst to help metalloporphyrinic MOF catalysis, for which NHPI acts as a proton‐ and electron‐transfer mediator. The coupled biomimetic system is efficient in the aerobic oxidation of arylalkanes under mild conditions. The catalytic efficiency is significantly improved if the [WZn{Co(H2O)}2(ZnW9O34)2]12− polyoxometalate is used as a co‐catalyst. The biomimetic platform exhibits enzyme‐like characters by imitating the structural features, active sites, and catalytic mechanism of enzymes.
Visible Light [2+2] Photocycloaddition Mediated by Flavin Derivative Immobilized on Mesoporous Silica
Authors: Špačková Jessica , Svobodová Eva , Hartman Tomáš , Stibor Ivan , Kopecká Jitka , Cibulková Jana , Chudoba Josef , Cibulka Radek 
Published: January 2017

Abstract7,8‐Dimethoxy‐3‐methylalloxazine was immobilized on mesoporous silica (MCM‐41) to provide a heterogenized flavin photocatalyst. Thus, the prepared heterogeneous catalyst 2 was found to sensitize the visible light [2+2] cycloaddition of various types of dienes to produce corresponding cyclobutanes in high yields and diastereoselectivities. Use of 2 enables procedures which are advantageous owing to simple operation and workup, no additives required, and minimum waste generation.
Selective Oxidation of n‐Butane and Isobutane Catalyzed by Boron Nitride
Authors: Venegas Juan M. , Grant Joseph T. , McDermott William P. , Burt Samuel P. , Micka Jack , Carrero Carlos A. , Hermans Ive 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) is presented as an outstanding catalyst for the selective production of C4 olefins by the oxidative dehydrogenation of n‐butane and isobutane. Unlike catalysts reported previously, hBN limits the amount of undesired COx and instead forms C2 and C3 olefins as the main side products. Kinetic experiments suggest a mechanism in which the rates of n‐butane and isobutane consumption are dependent on O2 adsorption. Kinetic and spectroscopic insights are used to formulate mechanistic hypotheses for the formation mechanisms of C2–C4 olefins.
Production of Glucosamine from Chitin by Co‐solvent Promoted Hydrolysis and Deacetylation
Authors: Zhang Jiaguang , Yan Ning 
Published: January 2017

AbstractProduction of renewable chemicals with established market and high value is highly desirable in biomass utilization. Herein, glucosamine, an amino sugar with various applications, was generated in a single step by the acid‐catalyzed transformation of chitin. Aprotic polar solvents were mixed with water to promote the hydrolysis as well as the deacetylation reactions, significantly enhancing product yield and/or reducing the concentration and amount of acid catalyst required. By employing the optimized co‐solvent system, glucosamine was achieved with 80 % yield at 175 °C in 1 h from ball‐milled chitin, in sharp contrast with the pure water system with the same acid concentration in which less than 1 % glucosamine was obtained. Correlations between the promotional effect and various solvent property parameters were discussed and proposed, providing guidance on the choice of solvent for further optimization of the co‐solvent system for similar applications.