bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Endoskopische Mukosaresektion (EMR) mit nachfolgender Radiofrequenzablation (RFA) bei neoplastischem Barrett-Ösophagus bzw. Barrett-Frühkarzinom ist der alleinigen radikalen endoskopischen Resektion auch ökonomisch überlegen
Authors: Wilke Michael , Rathmayer Markus , Schenker Mike , Schepp Wolfgang 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung Neoplastische Veränderungen (gering- bzw. hochgradige intraepitheliale Neoplasie [L- bzw. HGIEN] oder Frühkarzinom) bei Barrett-Ösophagus werden mit unterschiedlichen Verfahren behandelt. In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden klinisch-ökonomische Aspekte der alleinigen schrittweisen radikalen endoskopische Resektion (SRER) einer Kombinationsbehandlung mit EMR (Endoskopische Mukosaresektion) und RFA (Radiofrequenzablation) gegenübergestellt.
Material und Methoden Es wurden die klinischen Behandlungsdaten einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie 1 verwendet, um darauf aufbauend ein ökonomisches Modell der Behandlungskosten zu entwickeln, wie sie entsprechend der Vergütung nach dem deutschen Krankenhausentgeltsystem (G-DRG) entstehen. In die Berechnung sind sowohl die initialen Therapiekosten (vergütet über G-DRG) als auch die Kosten zur Behandlung von Folgekomplikationen eingeflossen.
Ergebnisse Medizinisch wie ökonomisch weist die Behandlung mittels EMR + RFA Vorteile gegenüber der SRER auf 1. Die erfolgreiche vollständige Resektion bzw. Destruktion von neoplastischem intestinal metaplastischen Gewebe ist bei beiden Verfahren vergleichbar. Behandlungswürdige Akut- (24 % bei SRER vs. 13 % EMR + RFA) und Spätkomplikationen (88 % bei SRER vs. 13 % EMR + RFA) sind bei der SRER deutlich häufiger als bei der EMR + RFA.
Diskussion Während SRER als alleinige Therapie zunächst kostengünstiger erscheint, verschieben die ungleich höheren Komplikationsraten mit Folgeeingriffen das Kostenniveau deutlich über das von EMR + RFA. Insgesamt belaufen sich die Behandlungskosten in der SRER Gruppe auf € 13 272,11 und in der EMR + RFA Gruppe auf € 11 389,33. Die EMR + RFA-Gruppe erzielt somit einen Kostenvorteil von € 1882,78. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt, dass eine Kombinationstherapie des neoplastischen Barrett Ösophagus mittels EMR + RFA auch in ökonomischer Hinsicht sinnvoll erscheint.
Kurative endoskopische Therapie: Welche Läsionen eignen sich?
Authors: Munding Johanna , Tannapfel Andrea 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungDank flächendeckender Vorsorgeuntersuchungen werden immer mehr Tumore im Gastrointestinaltrakt so früh diagnostiziert, dass sie endoskopisch resezierbar sind. Doch nicht alle Läsionen eignen sich für eine kurative endoskopische Therapie. Abhängig ist dies vom lymphogenen Metastasierungsrisiko, das sich anhand histopathologischer Charakteristika abschätzen lässt.
Aktuelle Forschungsaktivitäten zur personenzentrierten Medizin in akademischen Instituten für Allgemeinmedizin in Deutschland und Österreich
Authors: Weber Annemarie , Schelling Jörg , Kohls Niko , van Dyck Marcus , Poggenburg Stephanie , Vajda Christian , Hirsch Jameson , Sirois Fuschia , Toussaint Loren , Offenbächer Martin 
Published: October 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel der Studie Die personenzentrierte Medizin (PZM) mit Fokus auf einer humanistisch-biografisch orientierten Medizin und einem erweiterten, positiv-salutogenen Gesundheitsbegriff ist ein zentraler Bestandteil der Arzt-Patienten Beziehung in der Allgemeinmedizin. Ziel dieser Analyse ist es deshalb, Prävalenz und Typ von Forschungsprojekten in universitären Instituten für Allgemeinmedizin in Deutschland (D) und Österreich (Ö) sowie deren thematische Schwerpunkte in den Bereichen PZM, Gesundheitsförderung (GF), Prävention (PRÄ) und konventioneller Medizin (KM) zu erfassen.
Methodik Es wurde eine Recherche auf den Webseiten von 30 Instituten für Allgemeinmedizin mit dem Fokus auf deren Forschungsprojekten im Zeitraum September–Dezember 2015 durchgeführt. Die erfassten Projekte wurden in die 5 Kategorien PZM, GF, PRÄ, KM und sonstige Themen eingeteilt. Anschließend erfolgte eine Identifikation der Zielgruppen und thematischen Schwerpunkte in den ersten 4 Kategorien, vertieft in den Bereichen PZM und GF.
Ergebnisse Die Suche ergab insgesamt 541 Forschungsprojekte (FP), 452 in Deutschland und 89 in Österreich. Es wurden nur FP erfasst, die ausdrücklich als solche gekennzeichnet waren. 70 FP untersuchten Aspekte der PZM, 15 FP Aspekte der GF, 32 FP Aspekte der PRÄ und 395 FP Aspekte der konventionellen Medizin. Chronisch kranke Patienten stellten in den beiden Kategorien PZM (24 von 70) und GF (7 von 15) die häufigste Zielgruppe dar. Häufigster thematischer Schwerpunkt der PZM-Projekte war das Thema Kommunikation (13 von 70), bei den GF-Projekten die körperliche Aktivität (6 von 15).
Schlussfolgerung Die Mehrzahl der Forschungsprojekte beschäftigt sich mit konventionellen medizinischen Themen. Mit einem Anteil von 13% (PZM) bzw. 16% (PZM & GF) liegt die Forschungsaktivität im Bereich PZM bzw. GF in D und Ö unter dem europäischen Durchschnitt von 20%. Um diese Themenbereiche verstärkt in die hausärztliche Versorgung zu integrieren ist es aus unserer Sicht notwendig u. a. die Forschung zu Voraussetzungen und Barrieren von PZM und GF im ärztlichen Alltag in Deutschland und Österreich zu vertiefen.
Akute Doppelbilder: Differenzialdiagnose, Abklärung und Behandlungsoptionen
Authors: Kelbsch Carina , Besch Dorothea , Wilhelm Helmut 
Published: October 2017

ZusammenfassungAkute Doppelbilder können von harmlosen Störungen des optischen Systems bis hin zu gefährlichen intrakraniellen oder intraorbitalen Prozessen mit entsprechenden Bewegungseinschränkungen der Augen verschiedenste Ursachen haben. Entsprechend schwierig kann die Entscheidung bezüglich der Erfordernisse weiterer diagnostischer Abklärungen erscheinen. Dieser Beitrag soll eine kurze, strukturierte Übersicht über die häufigsten Differenzialdiagnosen akuter Doppelbilder liefern und deren Abklärung sowie Behandlungsoptionen aufzeigen.
Self-association of a highly charged arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptide
Authors: Tesei Giulio , Vazdar Mario , Jensen Malene Ringkjøbing , Cragnell Carolina , Mason Phil E. , Heyda Jan , Skepö Marie , Jungwirth Pavel , Lund Mikael 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides are promising candidates for intracellular drug delivery. These cationic peptides spontaneously traverse biological membranes via a direct mode of entry which is not yet fully understood. In this study, we report the complex solution behavior of the cell-penetrating peptide deca-arginine. Despite its large net positive charge, deca-arginine self-associates at low-to-intermediate ionic strengths, owing to an interaction mode which is present in the structure of a significant number of proteins. Self-association may thus enhance the bioavailability of deca-arginine. Our findings provide the key to the understanding of the self-association mechanism in deca-arginine with implications for the potential biological roles of this unusual binding motif.
Diel cycling and long-term persistence of viruses in the ocean’s euphotic zone
Authors: Aylward Frank O. , Boeuf Dominique , Mende Daniel R. , Wood-Charlson Elisha M. , Vislova Alice , Eppley John M. , Romano Anna E. , DeLong Edward F. 
Published: October 2017

Significance
Marine microbial communities exert a large influence on ocean ecosystem processes, and viruses in these communities play key roles in controlling microbial abundances, nutrient cycling, and productivity. We show here that dominant viruses in the open ocean persist for long time periods and that many appear tightly locked in coordinated diel oscillations with their bacterial hosts. The persistent structure of viral assemblages, as well as synchronized daily oscillations of viruses and hosts, are in part the result of the regular diurnal coupling of viral and host replication cycles. Collectively, our results suggest that viruses, as key components of marine ecosystems, are intrinsically synchronized with the daily rhythms of microbial community processes in the ocean’s photic zone.
Expression, purification, and characterization of a novel acid phosphatase that displays protein tyrosine phosphatases activity from Metarhizium anisopliae strain CQMa102
Authors: Zhang Xue , Yang Shuiying , Li Xinqiang , Zhu Pei , Xie Enyu , Li Zhenlun 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) plays an important role in insect immune system. Our group has purified a type of acid phosphatase that could specifically dephosphorylate trans-Golgi p230 in vitro. In order to study this phosphatase further, we have identified and cloned the phosphatase gene from a locust specific Metarhizium anisopliae Strain CQMa102. The CQMa102 phosphatase was expressed in Pichia pastoris to verify its protease activity. The molecular weight (MW) and the isoelectric point (pI) of the phosphatase were about 85 kDa and 6.15, respectively. Substrate specificity evaluation showed that the purified enzyme exhibited high activity on O-phospho-L-tyrosine. At its optimal pH of 6.5 and optimum temperature of 70 °C, the protein showed the highest activity respectively. It can be activated by Ca2+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Ba2+, Co2+ and phosphate analogs, but inhibited by Zn2+, Cu2+, fluoride, dithiothreitol, β-mercaptoethanol and N-ethylmaleimide.
A preliminary study of gut dysbiosis in children with food allergy
Authors: Inoue Ryo , Sawai Toshihiro , Sawai Chihiro , Nakatani Masako , Romero-Pérez Gustavo A , Ozeki Motoyuki , Nonomura Kazuo , Tsukahara Takamitsu 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Gut microbiota of food allergic children was analyzed by high throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Signs of gut dysbiosis, which is likely associated with gut inflammation, was observed in children with food allergies. For example, decreased abundance of genus Akkermansia but increased abundance of Veillonella was found in children with food allergy in comparison with healthy control children.
UC2 search: using unique connectivity of uncharged compounds for metabolite annotation by database searching in mass spectrometry-based metabolomics
Authors: Sakurai Nozomu , Narise Takafumi , Sim Joon-Soo , Lee Chang-Muk , Ikeda Chiaki , Akimoto Nayumi , Kanaya Shigehiko 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Summary
For metabolite annotation in metabolomics, variations in the registered states of compounds (charged molecules and multiple components, such as salts) and their redundancy among compound databases could be the cause of misannotations and hamper immediate recognition of the uniqueness of metabolites while searching by mass values measured using mass spectrometry. We developed a search system named UC2 (Unique Connectivity of Uncharged Compounds), where compounds are tentatively neutralized into uncharged states and stored on the basis of their unique connectivity of atoms after removing their stereochemical information using the first block in the hash of the IUPAC International Chemical Identifier, by which false-positive hits are remarkably reduced, both charged and uncharged compounds are properly searched in a single query and records having a unique connectivity are compiled in a single search result.

Availability and implementation
The UC2 search tool is available free of charge as a REST web service (http://webs2.kazusa.or.jp/mfsearcher) and a Java-based GUI tool.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
The role of communicative acts in the Dream process: engaging Moroccan migrants in a community development initiative in urban Spain
Authors: Carrillo Anna , Girbés-Peco Sandra , De Botton Lena , Valls-Carol Rosa 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe present article offers relevant insights into how the evidence-based community development initiative known as the Dream process has had a positive impact on the inclusion, participation and leadership of a marginalized community of Moroccan immigrants in urban Spain. More specifically, we analyse how the commitment to promote dialogic communicative acts and to reduce power communicative acts during the process has attenuated some of the race, gender and class barriers that hindered the community’s involvement in dialogic and decision-making spaces aimed at improving their living conditions. In this article, we first introduce the state of the art using studies that have examined the role of interaction and deliberation in community development processes in disadvantaged contexts. Then, we briefly refer to the deterioration of the living conditions of the Moroccan immigrant population in Spain. Finally, we present the main results obtained from the qualitative case study research carried out through the implementation of the communicative methodology. This case study provides both theoretical claims and practical orientations to examine how dialogic approaches can contribute to community development processes in contexts severely affected by racial segregation and poverty.
Assessing causal links in fish stock–recruitment relationships
Authors: Pierre Maud , Rouyer Tristan , Bonhommeau Sylvain , Fromentin J M 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Understanding whether recruitment fluctuations in fish stock arise from stochastic forcing (e.g. environmental variations) rather than deterministic forces (e.g. intrinsic dynamics) is a long standing question with important applied consequences for fisheries ecology. In particular, the relationship between recruitment, spawning stock biomass and environmental factors is still poorly understood, even though this aspect is crucial for fisheries management. Fisheries data are often short, but arise from complex dynamical systems with a high degree of stochastic forcing, which are difficult to capture through classic modelling approaches. In the present study, recent statistical approaches based on the approximation of the attractors of dynamical systems are applied on a large dataset of time series to assess (i) the directionality of potential causal relationships between recruitment and spawning stock biomass and potential influence of sea-surface temperature on recruitment and (ii) their performance to forecast recruitment. Our study shows that (i) whereas spawning stock biomass and sea surface temperature influence the recruitment to a lesser extent, recruitment causes also parental stock size and (ii) that non-linear forecasting methods performed well for the short-term predictions of recruitment time series. Our results underline that the complex and stochastic nature of the processes characterizing recruitment are unlikely to be captured by classical stock–recruitment relationships, but that non-linear forecasting methods provide interesting perspectives in that respect.
Stability and performance analysis of Compound TCP with the Exponential-RED and the Drop-Tail queue policies
Authors: Prasad Sai , Raina Gaurav 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The analysis of transport protocols, along with queue management policies, forms an important aspect of performance evaluation for the Internet. In this article, we study Compound TCP (C-TCP), the default TCP in the Windows operating system, along with the Exponential-RED (E-RED) queue policy and the widely used Drop-Tail queue policy. We consider queuing delay, link utilization and the stability of the queue size as the performance metrics. We first analyse the stability properties of a nonlinear model for C-TCP coupled with the E-RED queue policy. We observe that this system, in its current form, may be difficult to stabilize as the feedback delay gets large. Further, using an exogenous and non-dimensional parameter, we show that the system loses local stability via a Hopf bifurcation, which gives rise to limit cycles. Employing Poincaré normal forms and the center manifold theory, we outline an analytical framework to characterize the type of the Hopf bifurcation and to determine the orbital stability of the emerging limit cycles. Numerical examples, stability charts and bifurcation diagrams complement our analysis. We also conduct packet-level simulations, with E-RED and Drop-Tail, in small and large buffer-sizing regimes. With large buffers, E-RED can achieve small queue sizes compared with Drop-Tail. However, it is difficult to maintain the stability of the E-RED policy as the feedback delay gets large. On the other hand, with small buffers, E-RED offers no clear advantage over the simple Drop-Tail queue policy. Our work can offer insights for the design of queue policies that can ensure low latency and stability.
LoCuSS: pre-processing in galaxy groups falling into massive galaxy clusters at z = 0.2
Authors: Bianconi M , Smith G P , Haines C P , McGee S L , Finoguenov A , Egami E 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We report direct evidence of pre-processing of the galaxies residing in galaxy groups falling into galaxy clusters drawn from the Local Cluster Substructure Survey (LoCuSS). 34 groups have been identified via their X-ray emission in the infall regions of 23 massive (〈M200〉 = 1015 M⊙) clusters at 0.15 &lt; z &lt; 0.3. Highly complete spectroscopic coverage combined with 24 μm imaging from Spitzer allows us to make a consistent and robust selection of cluster and group members including star-forming galaxies down to a stellar mass limit of M⋆ = 2 × 1010 M⊙. The fraction fSF of star-forming galaxies in infalling groups is lower and with a flatter trend with respect to clustercentric radius when compared to the rest of the cluster galaxy population. At R ≈ 1.3 r200, the fraction of star-forming galaxies in infalling groups is half that in the cluster galaxy population. This is direct evidence that star-formation quenching is effective in galaxies already prior to them settling in the cluster potential, and that groups are favourable locations for this process.
Pediatric Auditory Brainstem Implantation: Surgical, Electrophysiologic, and Behavioral Outcomes
Authors: Teagle Holly F. B. , Henderson Lillian , He Shuman , Ewend Matthew G. , Buchman Craig A. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
The objectives of this study were to demonstrate the safety of auditory brainstem implant (ABI) surgery and document the subsequent development of auditory and spoken language skills in children without neurofibromatosis type II (NFII).

Design:
A prospective, single-subject observational study of ABI in children without NFII was undertaken at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Five children were enrolled under an investigational device exemption sponsored by the investigators. Over 3 years, patient demographics, medical/surgical findings, complications, device mapping, electrophysiologic measures, audiologic outcomes, and speech and language measures were collected.

Results:
Five children without NFII have received ABIs to date without permanent medical sequelae, although 2 children required treatment after surgery for temporary complications. All children wear their device daily, and the benefits of sound awareness have developed slowly. Intra-and postoperative electrophysiologic measures augmented surgical placement and device programming. The slow development of audition skills precipitated limited changes in speech production but had little impact on growth in spoken language.

Conclusions:
ABI surgery is safe in young children without NFII. Benefits from device use develop slowly and include sound awareness and the use of pattern and timing aspects of sound. These skills may augment progress in speech production but progress in language development is dependent upon visual communication. Further monitoring of this cohort is needed to better delineate the benefits of this intervention in this patient population.
Prevention of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: The Multimodal Approach of the Spanish ICU “Pneumonia Zero” Program*
Authors: Álvarez-Lerma Francisco , Palomar-Martínez Mercedes , Sánchez-García Miguel , Martínez-Alonso Montserrat , Álvarez-Rodríguez Joaquín , Lorente Leonardo , Arias-Rivera Susana , García Rosa , Gordo Federico , Añón José M. , Jam-Gatell Rosa , Vázquez-Calatayud Mónica , Agra Yolanda 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
The “Pneumonia Zero” project is a nationwide multimodal intervention based on the simultaneous implementation of a comprehensive evidence-based bundle measures to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU.

Design:
Prospective, interventional, and multicenter study.

Setting:
A total of 181 ICUs throughout Spain.

Patients:
All patients admitted for more than 24 hours to the participating ICUs between April 1, 2011, and December 31, 2012.

Intervention:
Ten ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention measures were implemented (seven were mandatory and three highly recommended). The database of the National ICU-Acquired Infections Surveillance Study (Estudio Nacional de Vigilancia de Infecciones Nosocomiales [ENVIN]) was used for data collection. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rate was expressed as incidence density per 1,000 ventilator days. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates from the incorporation of the ICUs to the project, every 3 months, were compared with data of the ENVIN registry (April–June 2010) as the baseline period. Ventilator-associated pneumonia rates were adjusted by characteristics of the hospital, including size, type (public or private), and teaching (postgraduate) or university-affiliated (undergraduate) status.

Measurements and Main Results:
The 181 participating ICUs accounted for 75% of all ICUs in Spain. In a total of 171,237 ICU admissions, an artificial airway was present on 505,802 days (50.0% of days of stay in the ICU). A total of 3,474 ventilator-associated pneumonia episodes were diagnosed in 3,186 patients. The adjusted ventilator-associated pneumonia incidence density rate decreased from 9.83 (95% CI, 8.42–11.48) per 1,000 ventilator days in the baseline period to 4.34 (95% CI, 3.22–5.84) after 19–21 months of participation.

Conclusions:
Implementation of the bundle measures included in the “Pneumonia Zero” project resulted in a significant reduction of more than 50% of the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia in Spanish ICUs. This reduction was sustained 21 months after implementation.