bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estudio de la actividad analgésica en ratones Swiss sometidos a diferentes dosis de extracto hidroalcohólico al 30% de raíz de Eclipta alba
Authors: Pinto Wagner De Jesus , Treto Rafael Rodriguez , Vieira Lukas , Graebner Ilmar Bernardo 
Published: July 2017

<p>La <em>Eclipta alba</em>, conocida como “agrião do brejo” es una planta nativa de Brasil, China y Australia, los estudios etnomédicos reportan entre otras acciones la antinflamatoria y analgésica, es precisamente esta última, la actividad abordada en este trabajo. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>Estudiar el efecto analgésico del extracto fluido hidroalcohólico al 30% de raíz de <em>Eclipta alba</em> en ratones Swis. <strong>Material y Métodos</strong>: Se utilizaron 42 ratones Swis, machos, entre 8 y 10 semanas de vida, sometidos a régimen de luz/oscuridad de 12/12 horas, temperatura constante (25ºC) y agua/comida <em>ad libitum</em>. La analgesia fue determinada a través del modelo del “plato caliente” y el indicador de la variable fue el tiempo de reacción al calor. <strong>Resultados y Discusión</strong>: Se comprobó que en los tiempos de 60,90 y 120 minutos la actividad analgésica del extracto fluido fue similar a la actividad mostrada por el Paracetamol en la dosis de 12.5 mg/Kg de masa corporal, el efecto de este último fue creciente a lo largo de los 150 minutos de experimento, evidenciando su potencia analgésica. Probablemente la inhibición de la síntesis de prostaglandinas (principalmente de la serie “E”) sea la causa de la elevación del umbral de excitación de las terminaciones nerviosas libres y por tanto analgesia en los animales tratados con el extracto. Se considera que las acciones antioxidante de fenoles y polifenoles presentes en el extracto fluido, así como la acción inhibitoria de los flavonoides sobre la fosfolipasa A2, presentes también en el extracto fluido puedan explicar los resultados encontrados en este trabajo, a través de una menor libración y por ende menor transformación del ácido araquidónico en prostaglandinas. <strong>Conclusión</strong>: Dosis de 500 y 250 mg/Kg de masa corporal de extracto fluido, mostraron efecto analgésico comparable con el Paracetamol en la dosis de 12.5 mg/Kg de masa corporal, entre 60 y 120 minutos.</p>
A organização geográfica do terreiro de candomblé contribuindo para ensino da geografia
Authors: BORGES LUZINEIDE MIRANDA , Caputo Stela Guedes , De Oliveira Raimundo Nunes 
Published: July 2017

Esse artigo é fruto de uma pesquisa realizada sobre formação de professores e o ensino da geografia. O seu objetivo é descrever a organização do espaço geográfico sacralizado terreiro de candomblé, religião de matriz africana, bem como apresentá-lo como interface “espaço natural” e “espaço urbano”, destacando a importância da geografia para a prática religiosa no Candomblé e para o ensino da geografia. A partir de uma abordagem etnográfica, refletimos a respeito dos espaços do terreiro de candomblé Ilê Axé Ijexá Orixá Olufon, localizado no bairro Santa Inês, em Itabuna, Bahia. Consideramos sua organização geográfica como elemento pedagógico educativo para o ensino da geografia. Podemos destacar que o terreiro utiliza-se de elementos da geografia, contribuindo como fonte de pesquisa, estudo e ensino, bem como sínteses de religiosidade, colaborando para manter e recriar tradições e culturas afro-brasileiras.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação no terreiro; redes educativas; africanidade; espaço geográfico; geografia cultural.
Amyloid Fibrils form Hybrid Colloidal Gels and Aerogels with Dispersed CaCO3 Nanoparticles
Authors: Shen Yi , Nyström Gustav , Mezzenga Raffaele 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNew hybrid colloidal gels are reported formed by amyloid fibrils and CaCO3 nanoparticles (CaNPs), with Ca2+ as charge screening ions and CaNPs as physical crosslinking agents to establish and stabilize the network. The gel is characterized by rheological measurements and diffusing wave spectroscopy, complemented by microscopic observations using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The hybrid colloidal gels show a two orders of magnitude improved gel strength at significantly shorter gelation times compared to previous calcium ion‐induced amyloid fibril gels. Supercritical CO2‐dried colloidal aerogels allow demonstrating that amyloid fibrils, combined with smaller (higher specific surface area) CaNPs, constitute a denser fibrils network, resulting in stronger gels. By varying the amyloid fibril concentration and the CaNPs size and concentration, the complete phase diagram is mapped out. This enables identifying the sol–gel phase transition and a window for gel formation, which widens with increasing CaNPs size. Finally pH responsiveness and self‐healing properties of this hybrid colloidal gel are also demonstrated, making these systems a suitable candidate for biological applications.
Social and environmental enrichment has different effects on ethanol and sucrose consumption in mice
Authors: Holgate Joan Y. , Garcia Hilary , Chatterjee Susmita , Bartlett Selena E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundFactors leading to the harmful consumption of substances, like alcohol and sucrose, involve a complex interaction of genes and the environment. While we cannot control the genes we inherit, we can modify our environment. Understanding the role that social and environmental experiences play in alcohol and sucrose consumption is critical for developing preventative interventions and treatments for alcohol use disorders and obesity.MethodsWe used the drinking in the dark two‐bottle choice (2BC) model of ethanol and sucrose consumption to compare male C57BL/6 mice housed in the IntelliCage (an automated device capable of simultaneously measuring behaviors of up to 16 mice living in an enriched social environment) with mice housed in standard isolated and social environments.ResultsConsistent with previous publications on ethanol‐naïve and ‐experienced mice, social and environmental enrichment reduced ethanol preference. Isolated mice had the highest ethanol preference and IntelliCage mice the least, regardless of prior ethanol experience. In mice with no prior sucrose experience, the addition of social and environmental enrichment increased sucrose preference. However, moving isolated mice to enriched conditions did not affect sucrose preference in sucrose‐experienced mice.ConclusionsThe impact of social and environmental enrichment on ethanol consumption differs from sucrose consumption suggesting that interventions and treatments developed for alcohol use disorders may not be suitable for sucrose consumption disorders.
Severe obstructive sleep apnea: first screening with an implanted pacemaker
Authors: Giaccardi Marzia , Mascia Giuseppe , Giomi Andrea , Fratoni Lanfranco , Binazzi Barbara , Gigliotti Francesco , Nesti Martina , Milli Massimo 
Published: July 2017

Key Clinical MessageSleep apnea syndrome (SAS) is a chronic condition associated with cardiovascular disease. In some pacemakers, an advanced algorithm using transthoracic impedance may be used to identify SAS. This algorithm may be also a useful tool for a long‐term monitoring helping physicians to optimize therapy, reducing risk factors, and improving therapeutic compliance.
Effects of climate warming on net primary productivity in China during 1961–2010
Authors: Gu Fengxue , Zhang Yuandong , Huang Mei , Tao Bo , Guo Rui , Yan Changrong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe response of ecosystems to different magnitudes of climate warming and corresponding precipitation changes during the last few decades may provide an important reference for predicting the magnitude and trajectory of net primary productivity (NPP) in the future. In this study, a process‐based ecosystem model, Carbon Exchange between Vegetation, Soil and Atmosphere (CEVSA), was used to investigate the response of NPP to warming at both national and subregional scales during 1961–2010. The results suggest that a 1.3°C increase in temperature stimulated the positive changing trend in NPP at national scale during the past 50 years. Regardless of the magnitude of temperature increase, warming enhanced the increase in NPP; however, the positive trend of NPP decreased when warming exceeded 2°C. The largest increase in NPP was found in regions where temperature increased by 1–2°C, and this rate of increase also contributed the most to the total increase in NPP in China's terrestrial ecosystems. Decreasing precipitation depressed the positive trend in NPP that was stimulated by warming. In northern China, warming depressed the increasing trend of NPP and warming that was accompanied by decreasing precipitation led to negative changing trends in NPP in large parts of northern China, especially when warming exceeded 2°C. However, warming stimulated the increase in NPP until warming was greater than 2°C, and decreased precipitation helped to increase the NPP in southern China.
CO2 utilization in the production of biomass and biocompounds by three different microalgae
Authors: Assunção Joana , Batista Ana Paula , Manoel João , da Silva Teresa Lopes , Marques Paula , Reis Alberto , Gouveia Luísa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe atmospheric CO2 increase is considered the main cause of global warming. Microalgae are photosynthetic microorganisms that can help in CO2 mitigation and at the same time produce value‐added compounds. In this study, Scenedesmus obliquus, Chlorella vulgaris, and Chlorella protothecoides were cultivated under 0.035 (air), 5 and 10% (v/v) of CO2 concentrations in air to evaluate the performance of the microalgae in terms of kinetic growth parameters, theoretical CO2 biofixation rate, and biomass composition. Among the microalgae studied, S. obliquus presented the highest values of specific growth rate (μ = 1.28 d−1), maximum productivities (Pmax = 0.28 g L−1d−1), and theoretical CO2 biofixation rates (0.56 g L−1d−1) at 10% CO2. The highest oil content was found at 5% CO2, and the fatty acid profile was not influenced by the concentration of CO2 in the inflow gas mixture and was in compliance with EN 14214, being suitable for biodiesel purposes. The impact of the CO2 on S. obliquus cells’ viability/cell membrane integrity evaluated by the in‐line flow cytometry is quite innovative and fast, and revealed that 86.4% of the cells were damaged/permeabilized in cultures without the addition of CO2.
Applications of additive manufacturing in dentistry: A review
Authors: Bhargav Aishwarya , Sanjairaj Vijayavenkatraman , Rosa Vinicius , Feng Lu Wen , Fuh YH Jerry 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAdditive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing has been hailed as the third industrial revolution as it has caused a paradigm shift in the way objects have been manufactured. Conventionally, converting a raw material to a fully finished and assembled, usable product comprises several steps which can be eliminated by using this process as functional products can be created directly from the raw material at a fraction of the time originally consumed. Thus, AM has found applications in several sectors including automotive, aerospace, printed electronics, and healthcare. AM is increasingly being used in the healthcare sector, given its potential to fabricate patient‐specific customized implants with required accuracy and precision. Implantable heart valves, rib cages, and bones are some of the examples where AM technologies are used. A vast variety of materials including ceramics, metals, polymers, and composites have been processed to fabricate intricate implants using 3D printing. The applications of AM in dentistry include maxillofacial implants, dentures, and other prosthetic aids. It may also be used in surgical training and planning, as anatomical models can be created at ease using AM. This article gives an overview of the AM process and reviews in detail the applications of 3D printing in dentistry. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2058–2064, 2018.
Dust induced changes on the West African summer monsoon features
Authors: N'Datchoh E. T. , Diallo I. , Konaré A. , Silué S. , Ogunjobi K. O. , Diedhiou A. , Doumbia M. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTDust generation and transportation from North Africa are thought to modulate the West African Monsoon (WAM) features. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the Saharan Air Layer located above Atlantic Ocean (OSAL) and WAM features, including Monsoon flow, African Easterly Jet (AEJ) and Tropical Easterly Jet (TEJ) over West Africa using the RegCM4 regional model at 30 km grid resolution. Two sets of experiments with and without dust load were performed between 2007 and 2013 over the simulation domain, encompassing the whole of West Africa and a large part of the adjacent Atlantic Ocean. An intercomparison of the two simulations shows that dust load into the atmosphere greatly influences both the wind and temperature structure at different levels, resulting in the observed changes in the main features of the WAM system during summer. These changes lead to a westward shift with a slight strengthening of AEJ core over tropical Atlantic and weakening of both TEJ and monsoon flux penetration over land. In addition, despite running the RegCM4 with prescribed sea surface temperature, a correlation has been found between Aerosol Optical Depths in OSAL and WAM dynamics suggesting a mechanistic link between dust and WAM well reproduced by RegCM4.
Psychostimulant effect of dopaminergic treatment and addictions in Parkinson's disease
Authors: Delpont Benoit , Lhommée Eugénie , Klinger Hélène , Schmitt Emmanuelle , Bichon Amélie , Fraix Valérie , Castrioto Anna , Quesada Jean‐Louis , Pélissier Pierre , Kistner Andrea , Carnicella Sébastien , Lüscher Christian , Broussolle Emmanuel , Pollak Pierre , Thobois Stéphane , Krack Paul 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTBackground: Dopamine replacement therapy in PD has been associated with both behavioral addictions and dopamine addiction.Objectives: To investigate potential association between l‐dopa induced neuropsychiatric fluctuations and addictions in PD.Methods: A cohort of 102 patients with PD suffering from motor complications of l‐dopa treatment was prospectively analyzed. We evaluated dopamine addiction, behavioral addictions, and neuropsychiatric fluctuations using the Ardouin scale of behavior in PD.Results: Patients with (n = 51) or without (n = 51) neuropsychiatric fluctuations did not differ in age, disease duration, medication, or UPDRS III motor score during on and off drug condition. Patients with neuropsychiatric fluctuations had a higher H & Y stage in off‐drug condition. A multivariate model showed that dopamine addiction (odds ratio: 8.9; P = 0.02) and behavioral addictions (odds ratio: 3.76; P = 0.033) were more frequent in the presence of neuropsychiatric fluctuations. Behavioral addictions and dopamine addiction were more frequent in the presence than in the absence of on‐drug euphoria (46% vs. 13.9%; P < 0.001 and 27% vs 6.2 %; P = 0.003), while conversely, no association emerged between dopamine or behavioral addictions and presence of off‐drug dysphoria. Patients with neuropsychiatric fluctuations had a poorer quality of life and a more frequent history of anxiety disorder.Conclusions: The psychostimulant effects of dopamine treatment during on‐drug euphoria, rather than avoidance of off‐drug dysphoria, appear to drive both behavioral addictions and abuse of medication. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Atomically Precise Gold Nanoclusters Accelerate Hydrogen Evolution over MoS2 Nanosheets: The Dual Interfacial Effect
Authors: Zhao Shuo , Jin Renxi , Song Yongbo , Zhang Hui , House Stephen D. , Yang Judith C. , Jin Rongchao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHydrogen generation via electrocatalytic water splitting holds great promise for future energy revolution. It is desirable to design abundant and efficient catalysts and achieve mechanistic understanding of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Here, this paper reports a strategy for improving HER performance of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) via introducing gold nanoclusters as a cocatalyst. Compared to plain MoS2 nanosheets, the Au25(SR)18/MoS2 nanocomposite exhibits enhanced HER activity with a small onset potential of −0.20 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and a higher current density of 59.3 mA cm−2 at the potential of −0.4 V. In addition to the interfacial interaction between nanoclusters and MoS2, the interface between the Au25 core and the surface ligands (thiolate vs selenolate) is also discovered to distinctly affect the catalytic performance. This work highlights the promise of metal nanoclusters in boosting the HER performance via tailoring the interfacial electronic interactions between gold nanoclusters and MoS2 nanosheets, as well as the interface between metal core and surface ligands.
Facilitating Partnerships With Community- and Faith-Based Organizations for Disaster Preparedness and Response: Results of a National Survey of Public Health Departments
Authors: Adams Rachel M. , Prelip Michael L. , Glik Deborah C. , Donatello Ian , Eisenman David P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe identify characteristics of local health departments, which enhance collaborations with community- and faith-based organizations (CFBOs) for emergency preparedness and response.MethodsOnline survey data were collected from a sample of 273 disaster preparedness coordinators working at local health departments across the United States between August and December 2011.ResultsUsing multiple linear regression models, we found that perceptions of CFBO trust were associated with more successful partnership planning (β=0.63; P=0.02) and capacity building (β=0.61; P=0.01). Employee layoffs in the past 3 years (β=0.41; P=0.001) and urban location (β=0.41; P=0.005) were positively associated with higher ratings of resource sharing between health agencies and CFBOs. Having 1-3 full-time employees increased the ratings of success in communication and outreach activities compared with health departments having less than 1 full-time employee (β=0.33; P=0.05). Positive attitudes toward CFBOs also enhanced communication and outreach (β=0.16; P=0.03).ConclusionsStaff-capacity factors are important for quick dissemination of information and resources needed to address emerging threats. Building the trust of CFBOs can help address large-scale disasters by improving the success of more involved activities that integrate the CFBO into emergency plans and operations of the health department and that better align with federal-funding performance measures. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:57–66)
Targets for high repetition rate laser facilities: needs, challenges and perspectives
Authors: Prencipe I. , Fuchs J. , Pascarelli S. , Schumacher D. W. , Stephens R. B. , Alexander N. B. , Briggs R. , Büscher M. , Cernaianu M. O. , Choukourov A. , De Marco M. , Erbe A. , Fassbender J. , Fiquet G. , Fitzsimmons P. , Gheorghiu C. , Hund J. , Huang L. G. , Harmand M. , Hartley N. J. , Irman A. , Kluge T. , Konopkova Z. , Kraft S. , Kraus D. , Leca V. , Margarone D. , Metzkes J. , Nagai K. , Nazarov W. , Lutoslawski P. , Papp D. , Passoni M. , Pelka A. , Perin J. P. , Schulz J. , Smid M. , Spindloe C. , Steinke S. , Torchio R. , Vass C. , Wiste T. , Zaffino R. , Zeil K. , Tschentscher T. , Schramm U. , Cowan T. E. 
Published: July 2017

A number of laser facilities coming online all over the world promise the capability of high-power laser experiments with shot repetition rates between 1 and 10 Hz. Target availability and technical issues related to the interaction environment could become a bottleneck for the exploitation of such facilities. In this paper, we report on target needs for three different classes of experiments: dynamic compression physics, electron transport and isochoric heating, and laser-driven particle and radiation sources. We also review some of the most challenging issues in target fabrication and high repetition rate operation. Finally, we discuss current target supply strategies and future perspectives to establish a sustainable target provision infrastructure for advanced laser facilities.
Chemoattractant activity of tris-(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane for Brugia pahangi infective third-stage larvae
Authors: Mitsui Y. , Ureña-Tatis K.E. , Aoki Y. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractUrocanic acid (UCA) is known as a major chemoattractant for Strongyloides stercoralis infective third-stage larvae (L3). Since Brugia pahangi is a skin-penetrating parasitic nematode similar to S. stercoralis, UCA was expected to be a chemoattractant for B. pahangi L3. Thus, the chemoattractant activity of UCA for B. pahangi L3 was assessed. The chemotactic responses of B. pahangi L3 to UCA or acetic acid (CH3COOH) dissolved in amine solutions were assessed using an agar-plate assay. A test solution of 200 mm UCA dissolved in aqueous 270 mm tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) significantly attracted B. pahangi L3 compared with deionized water (DW), while neither a solution of 200 mm UCA dissolved in aqueous 230 mm ammonia (NH3) nor 290 mm triethylamine (TEA) significantly attracted L3. Similarly, a test solution of 200 mm CH3COOH dissolved with 200 mm Tris significantly attracted L3, but neither a test solution of 200 mm CH3COOH plus 200 mm NH3 nor 200 mm TEA attracted L3. Furthermore, L3 were significantly attracted to 200 mm Tris alone, compared with DW, but avoided 200 mm NH3 and 200 mm TEA. Moreover, the chemoattractant activity of Tris for L3 was observed even at a low concentration of 25 mm, and it was observed in a mild alkaline condition but not in an acidic condition. The present study reveals that Tris is a potential chemoattractant for B. pahangi L3 while UCA is not. This finding will contribute to an understanding of the mechanisms of skin-penetrating infection of filarial L3.
Landed Traders, Trading Agriculturalists? Land in the Economy of the Italian Diaspora in the Greek East
Authors: Eberle Lisa Pilar , Le Quéré Enora 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThis paper revises current understandings of the rôle of land in the economy of the Italian diaspora in the Greek East in the second and first centuriesb.c., arguing that these Italians owned more land than has previously been assumed and that many of these Italian landowners practised a highly commercialized form of agriculture that focused on high-end products. This strategy shaped what empire meant both locally and in Italy and Rome, where the products they marketed fed into the ongoing consumer revolutions of the time. After discussing the evidence for the extent of Italian landholdings and examining their exploitation in three case studies, we conclude by reflecting on the long-term history of such landholdings in the provinces and the implications for our understanding of Roman imperialism more generally.