bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximity‐Unlocked Luminescence by Sequential Enzymatic Reactions from Antibody and Antibody/Aptamer (PULSERAA): A Platform for Detection and Visualization of Virus‐Containing Spots
Authors: Miura Daimei , Hayashi Wakana , Hirano Kensuke , Sasaki Ikkei , Tsukakoshi Kaori , Kakizoe Hidehumi , Asai Satomi , Vavricka Christopher J. , Takemae Hitoshi , Mizutani Tetsuya , Tsugawa Wakako , Sode Koji , Ikebukuro Kazunori , Asano Ryutaro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic has challenged more scientists to detect viruses and to visualize virus‐containing spots for diagnosis and infection control; however, detection principles of commercially available technologies are not optimal for visualization. Here, a convenient and universal homogeneous detection platform named proximity‐unlocked luminescence by sequential enzymatic reactions from antibody and antibody/aptamer (PULSERAA) is developed. This is designed so that the signal appears only when the donor and acceptor are in proximity on the viral surface. PULSERAA specifically detected in the range of 25–500 digital copies/mL of inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2 after simply mixing reagents; it is elucidated that the accumulation of chemical species in a limited space of the viral surface contributed to such high sensitivity. PULSERAA was quickly adapated to detect another virus variant, inactivated influenza A virus, and infectious SARS‐CoV‐2 in a clinical sample. Furthermore, on‐site (direct, rapid, and portable) visualization of the inactivated SARS‐CoV‐2‐containing spots by a conventional smartphone camera was achieved, demonstrating that PULSERAA can be a practical tool for preventing the next pandemic in the future.
Plant Robots: Harnessing Growth Actuation of Plants for Locomotion and Object Manipulation
Authors: Murakami Kazuya , Sato Misao , Kubota Momoki , Shintake Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlants display physical displacements during their growth due to photosynthesis, which converts light into chemical energy. This can be interpreted as plants acting as actuators with a built‐in power source. This paper presents a method to create plant robots that move and perform tasks by harnessing the actuation output of plants: displacement and force generated from the growing process. As the target plant, radish sprouts are employed, and their displacement and force are characterized, followed by the calculation of power and energy densities. Based on the characterization, two different plant robots are designed and fabricated: a rotational robot and a gripper. The former demonstrates ground locomotion, achieving a travel distance of 14.6 mm with an average speed of 0.8 mm h−1. The latter demonstrates the picking and placing of an object with a 0.1‐g mass by the light‐controlled open‐close motion of plant fingers. A good agreement between the experimental and model values is observed in the specific data of the mobile robot, suggesting that obtaining the actuation characteristics of plants can enable the design and prediction of behavior in plant robots. These results pave the way for the realization of novel types of environmentally friendly and sustainable robots.
Magnetically Actuated Soft Microrobot with Environmental Adaptative Multimodal Locomotion Towards Targeted Delivery
Authors: Li Qingwei , Niu Fuzhou , Yang Hao , Xu Dongqin , Dai Jun , Li Jing , Chen Chenshu , Sun Lining , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of environmentally adaptive solutions for magnetically actuated microrobots to enable targeted delivery in complex and confined fluid environments presents a significant challenge. Inspired by the natural locomotion of crucian carp, a barbell‐shaped soft microrobot (MBS2M) is proposed. A mechano‐electromagnetic hybrid actuation system is developed to generate oscillating magnetic fields to manipulate the microrobot. The MBS2M can seamlessly transition between three fundamental locomotion modes: fast navigation (FN), high‐precision navigation (HPN), and fixed‐point rotation (FPR). Moreover, the MBS2M can move in reverse without turning. The multimodal locomotion endows the MBS2M's adaptability in diverse environments. It can smoothly pass through confined channels, climb over obstacles, overcome gravity for vertical motion, track complex pathways, traverse viscous environments, overcome low fluid resistance, and navigate complex spaces mimicking in vivo environments. Additionally, the MBS2M is capable of drug loading and release in response to ultrasound excitation. In an ex vivo porcine liver vein, the microrobot demonstrated targeted navigation under ultrasound guidance, showcasing its potential for specialized in vivo tasks.
Advanced High‐Throughput Rational Design of Porphyrin‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using Interpretable Machine Learning
Authors: Liao Jian‐Ming , Chen Yu‐Hsuan , Lee Hsuan‐Wei , Guo Bo‐Cheng , Su Po‐Cheng , Wang Lun‐Hong , Reddy Nagannagari Masi , Yella Aswani , Zhang Zhao‐Jie , Chang Chuan‐Yung , Chen Chia‐Yuan , Zakeeruddin Shaik M , Tsai Hui‐Hsu Gavin , Yeh Chen‐Yu , Grätzel Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAccurately predicting the power conversion efficiency (PCE) in dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) represents a crucial challenge, one that is pivotal for the high throughput rational design and screening of promising dye sensitizers. This study presents precise, predictive, and interpretable machine learning (ML) models specifically designed for Zn‐porphyrin‐sensitized solar cells. The model leverages theoretically computable, effective, and reusable molecular descriptors (MDs) to address this challenge. The models achieve excellent performance on a “blind test” of 17 newly designed cells, with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.02%. Notably, 10 dyes are predicted within a 1% error margin. These results validate the ML models and their importance in exploring uncharted chemical spaces of Zn‐porphyrins. SHAP analysis identifies crucial MDs that align well with experimental observations, providing valuable chemical guidelines for the rational design of dyes in DSSCs. These predictive ML models enable efficient in silico screening, significantly reducing analysis time for photovoltaic cells. Promising Zn‐porphyrin‐based dyes with exceptional PCE are identified, facilitating high‐throughput virtual screening. The prediction tool is publicly accessible at https://ai‐meta.chem.ncu.edu.tw/dsc‐meta.
Unveiling the Dynamic Pathways of Metal–Organic Framework Crystallization and Nanoparticle Incorporation for Li–S Batteries
Authors: Song Xiaohui , Huang Rui , Zhang Xingyu , Chang Qiang , Kim Semi , Jeong Daeun , Hou Qian , Kim Juyeong , Ang Edison Huixiang , Su Xiaowei , Feng Xuyong , Xiang Hongfa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) present diverse building blocks for high‐performance materials across industries, yet their crystallization mechanisms remain incompletely understood due to gaps in nucleation and growth knowledge. In this study, MOF structural evolution is probed using in situ liquid phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryo‐TEM, unveiling a blend of classical and nonclassical pathways involving liquid–liquid phase separation, particle attachment–coalescence, and surface layer deposition. Additionally, ultrafast high‐temperature sintering (UHS) is employed to dope ultrasmall Cobalt nanoparticles (Co NPs) uniformly within nitrogen‐doped hard carbon nanocages confirmed by 3D electron tomography. Lithium–sulfur battery tests demonstrate the nanocage‐Co NP structure's exceptional capacity and cycling stability, attributed to Co NP catalytic effects due to its small size, uniform dispersion, and nanocage confinement. The findings propose a holistic framework for MOF crystallization understanding and Co NP tunability through ultrafast sintering, promising advancements in materials science and informing future MOF synthesis strategies and applications.
Detection and Anti‐Detection with Microwave‐Infrared Compatible Camouflage Using Asymmetric Composite Metasurface
Authors: Wang Yanzhao , Luo Huiling , Shao Yanzhang , Wang Hui , Liu Tong , Wang Zhengjie , Liu Kai‐yue , Su Xiaogang , Xu He‐Xiu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDetection and anti‐detection with multispectral camouflage are of pivotal importance, while suffer from significant challenges due to the inherent contradiction between detection and anti‐detection and conflict microwave and infrared (IR) stealth mechanisms. Here, a strategy is proposed to asymmetrically control transmitted microwave wavefront under radar‐IR bi‐stealth scheme using composite metasurface. It is engineered composed of infrared stealth layer (IRSL), microwave absorbing layer (MAL), and asymmetric microwave transmissive structure (AMTS) with polarization conversion from top to bottom. Therein, IR emissivity, microwave reflectivity, and transmissivity are simultaneously modulated by elaborately designing the filling ratio of ITO square patches on IRSL, which ensures both efficient microwave transmission and IR camouflage. Furthermore, full‐polarized backward microwave stealth is achieved on MAL by transmitting and absorbing microwaves under x‐ and y‐ polarization, respectively, while forward wavefront is controlled by precise curvature phase compensation on AMTS according to ray‐tracing technology. For verification, a proof‐of‐concept metadevice is numerically and experimentally characterized. Both results coincide well, demonstrating spiral detective wavefront manipulation under y‐polarized forward wave excitation while effective reduction of radar cross section within 8–18 GHz and low IR emissivity (<0.3) for backward detection. This strategy provides a new paradigm for integration of detection and anti‐detection with multispectral camouflage.
Optical Super‐Oscillation Enables Sub‐Diffraction Focusing and Super‐Resolution Imaging in the Far‐Field
Authors: Li Zhu , Zang Zhongming , Hai Kuo , Huang Wen , Tang Dongliang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOwing to the inherent wave property of light, the resolution of the optical system is constrained by the diffraction limit. Past decades have seen many efforts to break the diffraction limit at the expense of complex near‐field manipulation, pre‐labeling, or post‐processing. However, an optical access for noninvasive sub‐diffraction focusing and super‐resolution imaging in the far‐field that does not pose dependency on evanescent waves or targets is still highly desirable. Optical super‐oscillation method based on the superposition of propagating waves offers a possibility to overcome the diffraction limit in the far‐field with arbitrary enhanced resolution. This article reviews the recent progress of optical super‐oscillation technology, including research about super‐oscillation phenomenon, designs of super‐oscillatory lenses for sub‐diffraction focusing, super‐resolution imaging by optical super‐oscillation method, and applications in other domains. The shortcoming and prospective advancements of optical super‐oscillation technology are also discussed here. It is expected that this review can provide valuable insights for researchers committed to developing optical super‐oscillation technology in various fields.
Visualisierung aktiver Zentren in elektrogesponnenen photoaktiven Membranen mittels Fluoreszenz‐Lebensdauer‐Bildgebung
Authors: Terlau Fabian , Martin Hanna M. , Galstyan Anzhela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDas Interesse an antibakteriellen Nanomaterialien ist in den letzten Jahren aufgrund der zunehmenden Antibiotikaresistenz von Mikroben stark gestiegen. Ihre praktische Anwendung bleibt derzeit jedoch begrenzt, da viele essenzielle Eigenschaften noch eingehend untersucht werden müssen. In dieser Studie wurden neuartige Nanofasermembranen auf der Basis von hydrophilem Polyacrylnitril (PAN) sowie hydrophobem Polycaprolacton (PCL) mit eingebetteten hydrophilen oder hydrophoben Zink(II)phthalocyaninen (ZnPc) als Photosensibilisatoren entwickelt und ihre Wasserdesinfektionseigenschaften untersucht. Um einen Zusammenhang zwischen der Aktivität des Materials und der Zusammensetzung bzw. Struktur herzustellen, wurden mehrere Schlüsseleigenschaften untersucht. Die Ergebnisse der UV/Vis‐Reflexionsspektroskopie zeigen, dass der Aggregationszustand der Farbstoffe innerhalb des Polymerträgers erheblich variiert. Zur Visualisierung der „aktiven Zentren“ wurde die Fluoreszenzlebensdauer‐Mikroskopie (FLIM) verwendet und validiert. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie liefern nützliche Erkenntnisse für die Entwicklung photoaktiver Nanomaterialien mit maßgeschneiderten Eigenschaften und verdeutlichen den entscheidenden Einfluss der Polymereigenschaften auf die Materialaktivität.
Visualizing Active Sites in Electrospun Photoactive Membranes via Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging
Authors: Terlau Fabian , Martin Hanna M. , Galstyan Anzhela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInterest in antibacterial nanomaterials has surged in recent years, driven by the rise in antibiotic resistance among microbes. However, their practical application remains limited because many crucial properties have yet to be thoroughly investigated. In this study, we have developed novel nanofibrous membranes based on hydrophilic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or hydrophobic polycaprolactone (PCL) with embedded hydrophilic or hydrophobic zinc(II)phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) as photosensitizers and investigated their water disinfection properties. Several key characteristics were evaluated to link the activity of the material and composition/structure. As demonstrated by reflectance UV/Vis spectroscopy, the aggregation states of dyes within the polymer support vary significantly. We have proposed and validated the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) for visualizing “active sites” in the membranes. The results of this study provide useful insights for the engineering of photoactive nanomaterials with tailor‐made properties and highlight the crucial role of the nature of polymeric support in modulating the material‘s activity.
Development of DuoMYC: a synthetic cell penetrant miniprotein that efficiently inhibits the oncogenic transcription factor MYC
Authors: Ellenbroek Brecht D. , Kahler Jan Pascal , Arella Damiano , Lin Cherina , Jespers Willem , Züger Eliane Ann‐Katrin , Drukker Micha , Pomplun Sebastian J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe master regulator transcription factor MYC is implicated in numerous human cancers, and its targeting is a long‐standing challenge in drug development. MYC is a typical ‘undruggable’ target, with no binding pockets on its DNA binding domain and extensive intrinsically disordered regions. Rather than trying to target MYC directly with classical modalities, here we engineer synthetic miniproteins that can bind to MYC's target DNA, the enhancer box (E‐Box), and potently inhibit MYC‐driven transcription. We crafted the miniproteins via structure‐based design and a combination of solid phase peptide synthesis and site‐specific crosslinking. Our lead variant, DuoMYC, binds to E‐Box DNA with high affinity (KD ~0.1 μM) and is able to enter cells and inhibit MYC‐driven transcription with submicromolar potency (IC50=464 nM) as shown by reporter gene assay and confirmed by RNA sequencing. Notably, DuoMYC surpasses the efficacy of several other recently developed MYC inhibitors. Our results highlight the potential of engineered synthetic protein therapeutics for addressing challenging intracellular targets.
CFD modeling of gas–solid flow in a two‐stage jetting fluidized bed with an overflow standpipe
Authors: Wang Zhengyu , Wang Teng , Zhou Meiyu , Zhao Luhaibo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe two‐fluid model–kinetic theory of granular flow (TFM–KTGF) model and the sub‐grid‐scale (SGS) model are used to conduct a three‐dimensional numerical simulation study on the hydrodynamic characteristics of a two‐stage fluidized bed with an integrated overflow pipe. Using various drag models, the gas–solid flows, bed expansions, pressure drop distributions, and equilibrium conditions in the two‐stage bed are compared, and the conditions for the formation of a stable overflow in the two‐stage bed are thoroughly investigated. In addition, during the simulation of the secondary distribution in the bed, the porous media model simulates the momentum loss caused by the redistribution plate to avoid the direct simulation of the redistribution plate, which requires extensive grid division work and calculation costs. This work can provide technical direction for the industrialization of one‐step coal to multistage fluidized bed natural gas technology.
Analyse der Durchflussraten in gerissenem Stahlbeton
Authors: Lahmann Daniel , Edvardsen Carola , Keßler Sylvia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRisse im Stahlbetonbau sind Teil des Konstruktionsprinzips und akzeptabel, solange deren Rissbreiten bestimmte Grenzwerte nicht überschreiten. Laut Eurocode 2, Teil 3 (bzw. auch DAfStb WU‐Richtlinie) darf die autogene Selbstheilung von Trennrissen bei einer rechnerischen Rissbreite ≤ 0,20 mm unter bestimmten hydraulischen Bedingungen berücksichtigt werden. Praktische Erfahrungen zeigen jedoch, dass Selbstheilung trotz Einhaltung dieser Rissbreite nicht immer zuverlässig auftritt. Diese Studie untersucht die Durchflussraten von zentrisch gerissenem und wasserdurchströmtem Beton nach der Methode von Edvardsen. Auf Basis der experimentellen Ergebnisse wird ein analytischer Ansatz nach Hagen‐Poiseuille zur Abschätzung der Durchflussrate unmittelbar nach der Wasserbeaufschlagung entwickelt, der insbesondere für die Dichtigkeitsklasse TC0 relevant ist. Diese Durchflussrate dient auch als Indikator zur Bewertung der Effizienz der autogenen Selbstheilung bei Bauwerken der Dichtigkeitsklasse TC1. Die Anfangsdurchflussrate Q0 durch gerissenen Beton wird hauptsächlich durch die Rissbreitenverteilung, den Wasserdruck, die Rauigkeit der Rissflanken und die Tortuosität des Rissverlaufs beeinflusst. Eine zuverlässige Abschätzung des Durchflusses erfordert daher die Einführung eines Korrekturfaktors ξ, der aufgrund der hohen Streuung der experimentellen Daten mit 0,52 vorgeschlagen wird.
Developing resilience strategies amid supply chain risks in the automotive industry: A stakeholder theory perspective
Authors: Jum'a Luay , Qamardin Salam , Ikram Muhammad 
Published: September 2024

AbstractManaging automotive supply chain risks contributes to achieving sustainability goals, including ensuring business continuity, maintaining production and delivery schedules, and reducing environmental impact. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the risks confronting the supply chain in the automotive industry through the moderating effect of reactive and proactive resilience strategies. The stakeholder theory perspective was used in this study to examine supply chain risk in the automotive industry. A quantitative method was employed, resulting in 157 valid responses. The results reveal that demand risk had the most significant effect on auto dealer performance, followed by logistics/transportation, production, and supply risk. Notably, proactive resilience strategies were found to significantly impact the relationship between risk and performance. The findings underscore the importance of proactive measures in mitigating the performance impacts of supply chain risk. This study contributes a theoretical framework by identifying four major supply chain risks and seven proactive and 12 reactive strategies. In addition, the study was conducted through the lens of stakeholder theory, emphasizing the importance of suppliers, manufacturers, and dealers cooperating to establish a reliable supply chain.
Global burden of lung cancer in women of childbearing age attributable to ambient particulate matter pollution: 1990–2021
Authors: Song Ying‐da , Wang Ruizhe , Wang Jia‐xuan , Tan Xun‐wu , Ma Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the global burden of lung cancer due to ambient particulate matter (PM) pollution in women of childbearing age from 1990 to 2021.MethodsThis was a secondary analysis utilizing data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021, with a focus on the temporal trends of the lung cancer burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 among women of childbearing age.ResultsIn 2021, the global mortality and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) number of lung cancer burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 among women of childbearing age were approximately 5205 and 247,211, respectively. The rate of lung cancer attributable to ambient PM2.5 among women of childbearing age increased between 1990 and 2021, with the age‐standardized mortality rate (ASMR) increasing from 0.22 (95% uncertainty interval [UI]; 0.13 to 0.33) to 0.25 (95% UI; 0.14 to 0.37; average annual percent change [AAPC] = 0.40) and the age‐standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) increasing from 10.39 (95% UI; 5.96 to 15.72) to 12.06 (95% UI; 6.83 to 17.51; AAPC = 0.41). The middle sociodemographic index (SDI) region, East Asia, and China had the heaviest burden, while the high SDI region showed the highest decrease. ASMR and ASDR exhibited an inverted U‐shaped relationship with the SDI.ConclusionsFrom 1990 to 2021, the lung cancer burden attributable to ambient PM2.5 among women of childbearing age exhibited an increasing trend. Furthermore, increasing attention should be paid to the middle SDI region, East Asia, and China, as ambient PM pollution remains a critical target for intervention.
Angiogenesis and multiple myeloma: Exploring prognostic potential of adrenomedullin
Authors: Giannakoulas Angelos , Stoikos Panagiotis , Kouvata Evangelia , Kontouli Katerina M. , Fotiadis Georgios , Stefani Georgia , Amoutzias Grigorios D. , Vassilopoulos George , Giannakoulas Nikolaos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAdrenomedullin (AM) is a multifunctional peptide which under basal conditions mainly regulates vasodilation and maintains vascular integrity but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of several malignancies, including multiple myeloma (MM). It has been shown that adrenomedullin is expressed by human myeloma cell lines and that it enhances MM‐driven angiogenesis. However, the clinical impact of AM remains unknown.Materials and MethodsOn that basis, we enrolled 32 newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients (NDMM) and studied the potential of AM as a prognostic biomarker.ResultsWe report that elevated levels of AM trend with suboptimal treatment response and inferior survival of NDMM patients.