Abstract B63: An effective new strategy to control and inhibit the “undruggable” oncogenic K-RAS hyperactivation in human pancreatic cancer
Authors: Tang Amy H. , Bian1 Minglei , Zheleva Vasilena , Njogu Monicah M. , Odanga Justin J. , Perry Roger R. , Hoefer Richard A. , Knudsen Bruce E. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Hyperactive K-RAS signaling is a major menace that drives aggressive cancer cell dissemination, tumor progression and metastasis in human pancreatic cancer. Currently, there are no effective therapies to control human pancreatic cancers that have metastasized and oncogenic K-RAS mutations reman “undruggable” in the clinics. Therefore, counteracting K-RAS hyperactivation in attempt to reverse malignant transformation and inhibit latent tumor spread is an important goal in pancreatic cancer biology and major challenge in targeted therapy development in pancreatic cancer. Instead of targeting an upstream signaling module such as EGFR/K-RAS/B-RAF/MEK/MAPK/ERK/AKT/mTOR, we targeted the most downstream signaling module in the K-RAS signaling pathway called the SIAH-dependent proteolytic machinery. SIAHs are the human homologs of Seven-In-Absentia (SINA), an evolutionarily conserved RING E3 ligase, an essential downstream signaling module and a critical “gatekeeper” required for proper K-RAS signal transduction. Guided by studies in Drosophila, SIAH (seven-in-absentia homologue), the most downstream gatekeeper required for proper RAS signaling and tumor cell survival, was identified as a suitable and new drug target for anti-K-RAS and anticancer therapy. We found that inhibiting SIAH function is highly effective to abolish well-established and late-stage pancreatic tumor growth and metastasis in our pre-clinical studies. Thus, we have identified a new vulnerability, SIAH E3 ligase, in the oncogenic K-RAS signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer. These findings demonstrate that SIAH is indeed an attractive, logical and potent anti-K-RAS therapeutic target for us to develop new and effective anticancer strategy against human pancreatic cancer. Through our work, SIAH has emerged as a new and effective drug target against oncogenic K-RAS hyperactivation in human pancreatic cancer. As one of the most evolutionarily conserved E3 ligases, SIAH is ideally and logically positioned to become a next-generation anti-K-RAS drug target in human pancreatic cancer. Our preclinical results have demonstrated that “SIAH-dependent proteolysis” is indeed an Achilles’ heel for human pancreatic cancer cells. Hence, anti-SIAH-based small molecule inhibitors may aid in expanding our arsenal of novel anticancer therapies in pancreatic cancer. By attacking the most downstream “gatekeeper” critical for the proper oncogenic K-RAS signaling transmission, we may be in a position to halt the genesis, progression and metastasis of the most aggressive and the deadliest forms of human pancreatic cancer in the future. We aim to translate these exciting findings to the cancer clinics to benefit our pancreatic cancer patients with metastatic diseases in the future.
Citation Format: Amy H. Tang, Minglei Bian, Vasilena Zheleva, Monicah M. Njogu, Justin J. Odanga, Roger R. Perry, Richard A. Hoefer, Bruce E. Knudsen.{Authors}. An effective new strategy to control and inhibit the “undruggable” oncogenic K-RAS hyperactivation in human pancreatic cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Pancreatic Cancer: Advances in Science and Clinical Care; 2016 May 12-15; Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(24 Suppl):Abstract nr B63.