bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictors of long‐term drug survival for infliximab in psoriasis
Authors: Magis Q. , Jullien D. , Gaudy‐Marqueste C. , Baumstark K. , Viguier M. , Bachelez H. , Guibal F. , Delaporte E. , Karimova E. , Montaudié H. , Boye T. , Aubin F. , Beylot‐Barry M. , Richard M.‐A. ,   the “Groupe de Recherche sur le Psoriasis de la Société Française”
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundLimited information is available regarding factors associated with long‐term drug survival of infliximab for psoriasis in real life.ObjectivesThe main aim pf this study was to identify predictors of long‐term (>12 months) drug survival among patients treated with infliximab for psoriasis in a real‐world clinical setting.MethodsRetrospectively collected data, relating to disease, patient characteristics and treatment procedures, in a multicentre observational cohort of patients with moderate‐to‐severe plaque psoriasis treated with infliximab at eight university hospitals, 120 of whom maintained a response to infliximab for more than 12 months, were compared with prospectively collected data in the same centres from 54 patients who experienced secondary loss of response within a 12‐month period.ResultsMean duration of drug survival of infliximab in patients with long‐term drug survival was 41.12 months ± 20.64 SD vs. 8.5 months ± 2.43 SD in patients with a secondary loss of response. Multivariate analysis identified greater disease severity at treatment onset (PASI score >12) (OR = 5.18, 95% CI: 1.60–16.77, P = 0.006), high levels of initial psoriasis clearance (PASI‐90 reduction or equivalent) (OR = 18.50, 95% CI: 4.56–74.45, P = 0.0001) and combination with methotrexate (OR = 13.15, 95% CI: 1.46–118.79, P = 0.022) as independent predictors of long‐term drug survival and sustained efficacy of infliximab.ConclusionPositive predictors for long‐term drug survival of infliximab in real life were identified. Their impact on treatment management should be addressed in further prospective trials.
Ecological genetics of sediment browsing behaviour in a planktonic crustacean
Authors: Arbore R. , Andras J.P. , Routtu J. , Ebert D. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractZooplankton can display complex habitat selection behaviours that influence the way they interact with their environments. Some species, although primarily pelagic, can exploit sediment‐borne particles as a food source or use sediments as a refuge from pelagic predation. However, this strategy may increase the exposure to other risks such as benthic predation and infection from sediment‐borne parasite transmission stages. The evolution of habitat selection behaviour in these species is thus expected to be influenced by multiple and possibly contrasting selective forces. Here, we study the browsing behaviour of the water flea Daphnia magna on bottom sediments. First, we demonstrated genetic variation for sediment browsing among D. magna genotypes from natural populations sampled across a broad geographic range. Next, we used an F2 recombinant panel to perform a QTL analysis and identified three regions in the D. magna genome contributing to variation in browsing behaviour. We also analysed the correlation between our data and previously published data on the phototactic behaviour of genotypes from the same F2 panel. Clonal means of the two behavioral traits were not correlated, suggesting that they may evolve independently. Browsing behaviour is likely to be a relevant component of habitat selection in D. magna, and its study may help to incorporate the interactions with the sediment into eco‐evolutionary models of this key freshwater species.
Loss of divalent metal transporter 1 function promotes brain copper accumulation and increases impulsivity
Authors: Han Murui , Chang JuOae , Kim Jonghan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) is a major iron transporter required for iron absorption and erythropoiesis. Loss of DMT1 function results in microcytic anemia. While iron plays an important role in neural function, the behavioral consequences of DMT1 deficiency are largely unexplored. The goal of this study was to define the neurobehavioral and neurochemical phenotypes of homozygous Belgrade (b/b) rats that carry DMT1 mutation and explore potential mechanisms of these phenotypes. The b/b rats (11–12 weeks old) and their healthy littermate heterozygous (+/b) Belgrade rats were subject to elevated plus maze tasks. The b/b rats spent more time in open arms, entered open arms more frequently and traveled more distance in the maze than +/b controls, suggesting increased impulsivity. Impaired emotional behavior was associated with down‐regulation of GABA in the hippocampus in b/b rats. Also, b/b rats showed increased GABAA receptor α1 and GABA transporter, indicating altered GABAergic function. Furthermore, metal analysis revealed that b/b rats have decreased total iron, but normal non‐heme iron, in the brain. Interestingly, b/b rats exhibited unusually high copper levels in most brain regions, including striatum and hippocampus. Quantitative PCR analysis showed that both copper importer copper transporter 1 and exporter copper‐transporting ATPase 1 were up‐regulated in the hippocampus from b/b rats. Finally, b/b rats exhibited increased 8‐isoprostane levels and decreased glutathione/glutathione disulfide ratio in the hippocampus, reflecting elevated oxidative stress. Combined, our results suggest that copper loading in DMT1 deficiency could induce oxidative stress and impair GABA metabolism, which promote impulsivity‐like behavior.
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Iron‐copper model: Mutations in the divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) decrease body iron status and up‐regulate copper absorption, which leads to copper loading in the brain and consequently increases metal‐induced oxidative stress. This event disrupts GABAergic neurotransmission and promotes impulsivity‐like behavior. Our model provides better understanding of physiological risks associated with imbalanced metal metabolism in mental function and, more specifically, the interactions with GABA and redox control in the treatment of emotional disorders.
Parenchyma–stromal interactions induce fibrosis by secreting CCN2 and promote osteoclastogenesis by stimulating RANKL and CD68 through activated TGF‐β/BMP4 in ameloblastoma
Authors: Takebe Yuichiro , Tsujigiwa Hidetsugu , Katase Naoki , Siar Chong Huat , Takabatake Kiyofumi , Fujii Masae , Tamamura Ryo , Nakano Keisuke , Nagatsuka Hitoshi 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundTumor parenchyma–stromal interactions affect the properties of tumors and their dynamics. Our group previously showed that secreted frizzled related protein (sFRP)‐2 impairs bone formation and promotes bone invasion in ameloblastoma. However, the effects of the secreted growth factors CCN2, TGF‐β, and BMP4 on stromal tissues in ameloblastoma remain unclear.Materials and resultsThirty‐five paraffin‐embedded ameloblastoma cases, ameloblastoma‐derived cell lines (AM‐1), and primary cultures of ameloblastoma stromal fibroblasts (ASF) were used. Immunohistochemistry, MTT assay, Western blotting, and RT‐PCR were performed on these samples. Parenchyma–stromal CCN2 overexpression correlated significantly with fibrous‐type stroma, but not with myxoid‐type stroma, suggesting a role of CCN2 in fibrosis (P < 0.05). Recombinant CCN2 induction of enhanced ASF proliferation in AM‐1 medium supports this view. Conversely, BMP4 and TGF‐β were expressed in myxoid‐type fibroblasts, but little expression was found in parenchyma. RANKL‐positive and CD68‐positive stromal cell populations were significantly greater in myxoid‐type tumor areas than in fibrous‐type tumor areas, while a higher Ki‐67 labeling index was recorded in ameloblastoma with fibrous‐type stroma. These data suggest that stromal properties influence bone resorption‐related activities and growth rates, respectively.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the effects of secreted growth factors are governed by ameloblastoma parenchyma–stromal interactions. CCN2 promotes fibrogenesis independent of TGF‐β signaling. Absence of CCN2 expression is associated with a phenotypic switch to a myxoid‐type microenvironment that is conducive for TGF‐β/BMP4 signaling to promote osteoclastogenesis.
Brazilian multicenter study of association between polymorphisms in CRISPLD2 and JARID2 and non‐syndromic oral clefts
Authors: Messetti Ana Camila , Machado Renato Assis , de Oliveira Carine Ervolino , Martelli‐Júnior Hercílio , de Almeida Reis Silvia Regina , Moreira Helenara Salvati Bertolossi , Persuhn Darlene Camati , Wu Tao , Coletta Ricardo D. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundVariants in the cysteine‐rich secretory protein LCCL domain containing 2 gene (CRISPLD2) and in the jumonji, AT‐rich interaction domain 2 gene (JARID2) were previously shown to influence non‐syndromic oral cleft susceptibility. Herein, we performed a case−control study to examine the potential association of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in CRISPLD2 and JARID2 with non‐syndromic cleft lip and/or palate (NSCL/P) in the Brazilian population. Given the ethnicity‐dependent genetic predisposition to NSCL/P, we performed a structured analysis taking into account the genomic ancestry variation of each individual.MethodsFour SNPs in CRISPLD2 (rs1546124, rs8061351, rs2326398, and rs4783099) and four in JARID2 (rs915344, rs2299043, rs2237138, and rs2076056), that were previously reported to be associated with NSCL/P, were genotyped in 785 Brazilian patients with NSCL/P (549 with cleft lip with or without cleft palate‐NSCL ± P, and 236 with cleft palate only‐NSCPO) and 693 unaffected Brazilian controls. Genomic ancestry was assessed with a set of 40 biallelic short insertion/deletion variants previously validated as ancestry informative markers of the Brazilian population.ResultsAfter adjustment of ancestry variations, allelic analysis revealed marginal associations between the CRISPLD2 rs4783099 T allele and increased risk for NSCPO (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.05–1.62, P = 0.01) and between JARID2 rs2237138 and decreased NSCL ± P risk (OR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67–0.97, P = 0.02). Haplotype analysis indicated a lack of association between JARID2 haplotypes and non‐syndromic oral cleft risk.ConclusionsOur results suggest that CRISPLD2 rs4783099 may represent a risk factor for NSCPO while JARID2 rs2237138 shows a protective effect against NSCL ± P in the Brazilian population.
STABLE ECONOMIC AGGLOMERATION PATTERNS IN TWO DIMENSIONS: BEYOND THE SCOPE OF CENTRAL PLACE THEORY
Authors: Ikeda Kiyohiro , Murota Kazuo , Takayama Yuki 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper elucidates which agglomeration patterns exist in two‐dimensional economic space and how such patterns appear stably. Hexagonal lattices, that with and that without a boundary, are advanced, respectively, as practical and theoretical spatial platforms of economic activities. Agglomeration patterns on these lattices include hexagons in central place theory, but also encompass megalopolis and racetrack‐shaped decentralization. As the transport cost decreases, stable economic agglomeration undergoes the formation of the smallest hexagon and transition to patterns with larger market areas, often undergoing downtown decay but finally leading to a megalopolis. Formulas for break points are provided in an economic geography model.
Off-label and unlicensed medicines to hospitalised children in Norway
Authors: Teigen Arna , Wang Siri , Truong Bich Thuy , Bjerknes Kathrin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the use of off-label (OL) and unlicensed (UL) medicines to hospitalised children in Norway, to add to the current knowledge on use of medicines in this vulnerable patient group.

Methods
The study was performed as a cross-sectional prospective study. Medication was classified as on- or off-label based on the comparison with the SmPC regarding age, indication, dosage, route of administration and handling of the product. UL products were classified as imported or pharmacy produced.

Key findings
More than 90% of children receiving medicines in our study were given OL or UL medicines. More patients received OL (83%) than UL (59%). Route of administration was the most frequently observed OL category. The vast majority of the OL prescriptions were for ‘off-patent’ products. One-third of products prescribed were UL.

Conclusions
The study confirms that medicines to children in hospital to a significant degree are being used outside or without authorisation, in spite of recent paediatric regulatory initiatives. More data are still needed on efficacy and safety of medicines used in children, data to be incorporated in the SmPC. In addition, suitable formulations are needed to ensure optimal dosing and adherence without risky manipulations.
Textural and Sensory Attributes of Steamed Bread Fortified with High‐Amylose Maize Starch
Authors: Wang Sunan , Khamchanxana Pasongsin , Zhu Fan , Zhu Cheng , Pan Jiarong 
Published: June 2016

AbstractChinese steamed bread (CSB) is a staple food item produced through steaming fermented dough. High‐amylose maize starch (HAMS) is a natural source of resistant starch and dietary fiber. The feasibility of using HAMS with 80% amylose content to formulate northern style CSB was reported. Adding HAMS (up to 10%) had minimal influences on the color and texture of CSB. Specific volume and spread ratio of CSB were reduced by 10 − 20% and 10 − 13%, respectively. Increasing HAMS concentration from 2 to 10% decreased the staling rate of CSB by 8 − 48%. CSB with and without HAMS had a 3‐day mould‐free shelf‐life. Sensory evaluation showed that the overall acceptability of CSB containing HAMS (up to 6%) were comparable with control. Organoleptic, textural, and shelf life properties of CSB with 2% HAMS substitution were similar to the control.Practical ApplicationsAdding HAMS could improve the shelf life of CSB without negatively affecting the sensory acceptability. The results of this study suggest the possibility of expanding the HAMS application and CSB in functional food market. The findings provide some insights for industrial research and development using resistant starch for healthy steamed cereal products.
A partial metabolic pathway enables group b streptococcus to overcome quinone deficiency in a host bacterial community
Authors: Franza Thierry , Delavenne Emilie , Derré‐Bobillot Aurélie , Juillard Vincent , Boulay Mylène , Demey Emmanuelle , Vinh Joelle , Lamberet Gilles , Gaudu Philippe 
Published: June 2016

SummaryAerobic respiration metabolism in Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is activated by exogenous heme and menaquinone. This capacity enhances resistance of GBS to acid and oxidative stress and improves its survival. In this work, we discovered that GBS is able to respire in the presence of heme and 1,4‐dihydroxy‐2‐naphthoic acid (DHNA). DHNA is a biosynthetic precursor of demethylmenaquinone (DMK) in many bacterial species. A GBS gene (gbs1789) encodes a homolog of the MenA 1,4‐dihydroxy‐2‐naphthoate prenyltransferase enzyme, involved in the synthesis of demethylmenaquinone. In this study, we showed that gbs1789 is involved in the biosynthesis of long‐chain demethylmenaquinones (DMK‐10). The Δgbs1789 mutant cannot respire in the presence of heme and DHNA, indicating that endogenously synthesized DMKs are cofactors of the GBS respiratory chain. We also found that isoprenoid side chains from GBS DMKs are produced by the protein encoded by the gbs1783 gene, since this gene can complement an Escherichia coli ispB mutant defective for isoprenoids chain synthesis. In the gut or vaginal microbiote, where interspecies metabolite exchanges occur, this partial DMK biosynthetic pathway can be important for GBS respiration and survival in different niches.
Engagement practices that join scientific methods with community wisdom: designing a patient‐centered, randomized control trial with a Pacific Islander community
Authors: McElfish Pearl Anna , Goulden Peter A , Bursac Zoran , Hudson Jonell , Purvis Rachel S , Kim Yeary Karen H , Aitaoto Nia , Kohler Peter O 
Published: June 2016

This article illustrates how a collaborative research process can successfully engage an underserved minority community to address health disparities. Pacific Islanders, including the Marshallese, are one of the fastest growing US populations. They face significant health disparities, including extremely high rates of type 2 diabetes. This article describes the engagement process of designing patient‐centered outcomes research with Marshallese stakeholders, highlighting the specific influences of their input on a randomized control trial to address diabetes. Over 18 months, an interdisciplinary research team used community‐based participatory principles to conduct patient‐engaged outcomes research that involved 31 stakeholders in all aspects of research design, from defining the research question to making decisions about budgets and staffing. This required academic researcher flexibility, but yielded a design linking scientific methodology with community wisdom.
Tax Evasion and the Business Environment in Uganda
Authors: Mawejje Joseph , Okumu Ibrahim Mike 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the interaction between the different indicators of the business environment and tax evasion. First, we develop a simple theoretical model linking tax evasion to the business environment. Second, we test the model predictions using the World Bank Enterprise Survey data for Uganda. Findings indicate that the extent of tax evasion is associated with bureaucratic bribery, the quality and efficiency of the legal systems, and the inadequate provision of public capital. Our results are robust to alternative estimation strategy, choice of instruments, treatment of outliers, and missing data.
Content validity, face validity and internal consistency of the Slovene version of Caring Factor Survey for care providers, caring for co‐workers and caring of managers
Authors: Vrbnjak Dominika , Pahor Dušica , Nelson John W. , Pajnkihar Majda 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundCaring relationships are important for developing a caring culture. It is important that care provider's relationships with patients, co‐workers and managers are caring relationships. However, in the Slovene language, there is a lack of psychometrically sound instruments to measure these caring relationships.AimTo explore the psychometric properties of the Slovenian version of the Caring Factor Survey (CFS) for care providers, the care given by co‐workers and managers as judged by the providers, by evaluating its content validity, face validity and internal consistency.MethodsIn the process of our instrument, we used translation and back translation and validation based on experts' agreement. Content validity was quantified by the content validity index (CVI) and a modified Cohen's kappa index. Face validity was evaluated by ten nurses who reviewed the instruments. In the process of psychometric testing based on survey data, we used a cross‐sectional research design with a convenience sample of 91 caregivers working in internal or surgical wards in two health care institutions. Cronbach's alpha and corrected item–total correlations were used to test internal consistency.ResultsAll items in all three versions of the CFS had a CVI score higher than 0.78 and excellent modified Cohen's kappa index, showing excellent content validity. The average content validity indices were 0.990, 0.975 and 0.963. The face validity was good with no major remarks given. Cronbach's alpha was 0.941, 0.962 and 0.970. The item–total correlations reached a criterion of 0.2 < r < 0.3 for all items.ConclusionAll three versions of the CFS showed an acceptable content validity, face validity and internal consistency; however, due to some methodological shortcomings, results should be interpreted with caution. Further psychometric testing is needed.
Exploring the Rural Eco‐Economy: Beyond Neoliberalism
Authors: Marsden Terry 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRural areas become central sites for the development of the post‐carbon transition, yet this is a highly contested and contingent process whereby neo‐liberal models of development and framings compete with the emergence of the alternative circular eco‐economy. The article argues for a grounded conceptual and empirical approach in tracing this overall process of sustainable place‐making. It explores three key highly contested dimensions: reflexive governance, distributed eco‐economies, and re‐financialisation, arguing that such explorations are critical in developing more sustainable rural‐urban functionalities for the necessary post‐ carbon and post‐neoliberal transition.
Spatial distribution and risk assessment of heavy metals in the farmland along mineral product transportation routes in Zhejiang, China
Authors: Yan W. , Liu D. , Peng D. , Mahmood Q. , Chen T. , Wang Y. , Li S. , Chen J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractVarious metal pollutants transported from certain sources may considerably contaminate the soil environment. It was reported that transportation related metal pollution was closely associated with the distance, the freight volume and traffic emissions. However, the effect of topography on the heavy metal distribution in the soils along transportation routes has received little attention. In the present investigation, arable soils along two selected transportation routes for mineral products were studied to characterize the topographic impacts on their level of metal pollution. Soil samples were collected within a 5‐m radius following ‘S’ sampling procedure using spatial autocorrelation analysis. The descriptive statistics showed that most of the heavy metal (Pb, Zn, Cu and Cd) concentrations exceeded the background value of Zhejiang Province and contents of most metals in Area B, within a plain, were generally higher than in Area A, a valley within a hilly region. LISA maps showed that all heavy metals did not have similar spatial autocorrelation in Area B. The spatial distribution maps in Area A showed that distribution of most of the contaminants Zn, Cu, Cd and Pb had a similar spatial structure and were located along a transportation route. In Area A within valley topography, metal concentrations in soils were found generally to decrease with increasing distance from the road. However, this was not valid for Area B on the plain, where the metals concentrated in the soils could be derived from multiple sources, particularly emissions from nearby local industry.