bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multiple Resonance Quasi‐fluorescence from BN‐Doped Aromatic Compounds Modified with “Naphthalene” Units Approaches the BT.2020 Green Light Standard
Authors: Feng Tingting , Nie Xuewei , Liu Denghui , Wu Lin , Liu C. Y. , Mu Xilin , Xin Ziru , Liu Bohong , Qi Hengxuan , Zhang Jiasen , Li Wei , Su Shi‐Jian , Ge Ziyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping fluorophores that conform to the Broadcast Service Television 2020 (BT.2020) standard presents a formidable challenge. Here, we propose an innovative approach that integrates two and three‐boron/nitrogen (BN2)‐embedded [4]helicene subunits with naphthalene, resulting in the synthesis of two novel narrowband bright green quasi‐fluorescent emitters, NT‐2B and NT‐3B for ultra‐high‐definition displays. These emitters exhibit minimal reorganization energy and Huang–Rhys factor, emitting at 510 and 511 nm in dilute toluene solution with exceptionally narrow full width at half maximum values of 15 and 14 nm, respectively. Notably, NT‐2B demonstrates an impressive photoluminescence quantum yield of 92.5 %, rapid radiative decay rate, and slow non‐radiative decay rate. Owing to their narrowband emission characteristics and outstanding optoelectronic properties, corresponding OLEDs based on NT‐2B demonstrate a high external quantum efficiency of 30.6 %, with an FWHM value of 21.5 nm and a CIEy of 0.74, positioning it as one of the leading narrow‐band green emitters.
Achieving Sub‐ppm Sensitivity in SO2 Detection with a Chemically Stable Covalent Organic Framework
Authors: Zhao Wei , Obeso Juan L. , López‐Cervantes Valeria B. , Bahri Mounib , Sánchez‐González Elí , Amador‐Sánchez Yoarhy A. , Ren Junyu , Browning Nigel D. , Peralta Ricardo A. , Barcaro Giovanni , Monti Susanna , Solis‐Ibarra Diego , Ibarra Ilich A. , Zhao Dan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe report the inaugural experimental investigation of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) to address the formidable challenge of SO2 detection. Specifically, an imine‐functionalized COF (SonoCOF‐9) demonstrated a modest and reversible SO2 sorption of 3.5 mmol g−1 at 1 bar and 298 K. At 0.1 bar (and 298 K), the total SO2 uptake reached 0.91 mmol g−1 with excellent reversibility for at least 50 adsorption‐desorption cycles. An isosteric enthalpy of adsorption (ΔHads) for SO2 equaled −42.3 kJ mol−1, indicating a relatively strong interaction of SO2 molecules with the COF material. Also, molecular dynamics simulations and Møller–Plesset perturbation theory calculations showed the interaction of SO2 with π density of the rings and lone pairs of the N atoms of SonoCOF‐9. The combination of experimental data and theoretical calculations corroborated the potential use of this COF for the selective detection and sensing of SO2 at the sub‐ppm level (0.0064 ppm of SO2).
An Innovative Water Splitting Process for a Sustainable In Situ Hydrogen Generation–Reduction of Nitrobenzenes Catalyzed by a New Bimetallic Nanocatalyst
Authors: Zarei Hamed , Sobhani Sara , Sansano José Miguel 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this research, bimetallic CdNi nanoparticles encapsulated in a magnetic spent coffee ground (Fe3O4@COFF/CdNi) was synthesized as a new nanocatalyst. The structural and chemical characteristics of Fe3O4@COFF/CdNi were comprehensively investigated using various techniques, including FT‐IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, VSM, EDS, TGA, BET, and ICP. Through XRD, XPS analysis, TEM images, and EDS mapping, the presence of CdNi nanoalloys was conclusively established. Fe3O4@COFF/CdNi exhibited remarkable catalytic activity for the hydrogen generation from water using iso‐propanol as a clean sacrificial agent. The high catalytic performance of Fe3O4@COFF/CdNi was attributed to the synergistic cooperative effect of Cd and Ni within CdNi nanoalloys. Interestingly, this process was performed for the in situ generated hydrogen from water to reduce a range of nitrobenzenes simultaneously into the corresponding anilines in high yields (93%–98%). The magnetic and hydrophilic characteristics of Fe3O4@COFF/CdNi facilitated its reusability over five runs. Using water as the most abundant hydrogen source, for the first time for in situ hydrogen generation–reduction of nitrobenzenes without demanding on external light sources or power supplies can be mentioned as a significant milestone of this field of study.
Enabling Fast‐Charging and High Specific Capacity of Li‐Ion Batteries with Nitrogen‐Doped Bilayer Graphdiyne: A First‐Principles Study
Authors: Tam Le Minh , Kuo Liang‐Yin , Wu Yi‐Zhan , Ihrig Martin , Pham Nguyet N. T. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCarbon‐based materials are the most important anode materials for Li‐ion batteries (LIBs). To improve the electrochemical performance of LIBs for high energy density and fast charging, advanced carbon allotropes are in the research focus. In this work, we applied the density functional theory to investigate the atomic and electronic structures as well as high Li‐ion specific capacity of graphdiyne (GDY). The atomic structures of monolayer graphdiyne (MGDY), bilayer AB(β1)‐stacking graphdiyne (AB(β1)BGDY) and nitrogen‐doped AB(β1)BGDY (N‐AB(β1)BGDY) at different lithiation states were thoroughly investigated. The AB(β1)BGDY and N‐AB(β1)BGDY exhibit promising characteristics in Li‐ion adsorption and intercalation, enhancing its specific capacity from 744 mAhg−1 in the monolayer GDY to 807 mAhg−1 in the bilayer. Besides increasing the capacity through a bilayer‐structure, it is possible to tailor its structural stability and band gap by doping. Especially shown for N‐AB(β1)BGDY (~1 %), an increased structural stability and a decreased band gap of 0.24 eV is found. While this means that N doping in AB(β1)BGDY can lead to longer‐lasting and more stable operatable high‐capacity anodes in LIBs, it increases the open‐circuit voltage (OCV).
Dose‐dependent cranial irradiation associations with brain structures and neuropsychological outcomes in children with posterior fossa brain tumors
Authors: Baron Nelson Mary , O'Neil Sharon H. , Cho Scarlet J. , Dhanani Sofia , Tanedo Jeffrey , Shin Brandon J. , Rodman Jack , Olch Arthur , Wong Kenneth , Nelson Marvin D. , Finlay Jonathan , Lepore Natasha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundPosterior fossa irradiation with or without whole brain irradiation results in high doses of radiation to the thalamus, hippocampus, and putamen, structures critical to cognitive functioning. As a result, children with brain tumors treated with cranial irradiation (CRT) may experience significant cognitive late effects. We sought to determine the effect of radiation to those structures on neuropsychological outcome.MethodsForty‐seven children with a history of posterior fossa tumor (17 treated with surgery; 11 with surgery and chemotherapy; and 19 with surgery, chemotherapy, and CRT) underwent neuroimaging and neuropsychological assessment at a mean of 4.8 years after treatment, along with 17 healthy sibling controls. The putamen, thalamus, and hippocampus were segmented on each participant's magnetic resonance imaging for diffusion indices and volumes, and in the radiation treatment group, radiation dose to each structure was calculated.ResultsPerformance on visuoconstruction and spatial learning and memory was lower in patient groups than controls. Volume of the thalamus, when controlling for age, was smaller in the patient group treated with CRT than other groups. Higher radiation doses to the putamen correlated with higher fractional anisotropy in that structure. Higher radiation dose to the hippocampus correlated with lower spatial learning, and higher dose to thalami and putamina to lower verbal and nonverbal reasoning.ConclusionsAll children with posterior fossa tumors, regardless of treatment modality, had cognitive deficits compared to their sibling controls. Posterior fossa irradiation may affect thalamic volume and aspects of verbal and nonverbal cognitive functioning.
Physical activity and frontoparietal network connectivity in traumatic brain injury
Authors: Tinney Emma M. , Ai Meishan , España‐Irla Goretti , Hillman Charles H. , Morris Timothy P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundProlonged changes to functional network connectivity as a result of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) may relate to long‐term cognitive complaints reported by TBI survivors. No interventions have proven to be effective at treating long‐term cognitive complaints after TBI but physical activity has been shown to promote cognitive function and modulate functional network connectivity in non‐injured adults. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test if physical activity engagement was associated with functional connectivity of the cognitively relevant frontoparietal control network (FPCN) in adults with a TBI history.MethodsIn a case‐control study design, resting state function magnetic resonance imaging and physical activity data from a subset of participants (18–81 years old) from the Cambridge Centre for Ageing and Neuroscience (Cam‐CAN) study was analyzed. Fifty‐seven participants reported a prior head injury with loss of consciousness and 57 age and sex matched controls were selected. Seed‐based functional connectivity analyses were performed using seeds in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the inferior parietal lobule, to test for differences in functional connectivity between groups, associations between physical activity and functional connectivity within TBI as well as differential associations between physical activity and functional connectivity between TBI and controls.ResultsSeed‐based connectivity analyses from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed that those with a history of TBI had decreased positive connectivity between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and intracalcarine cortex, lingual gyrus, and cerebellum, and increased positive connectivity between dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and cingulate gyrus and frontal pole in the TBI group. Results showed that higher physical activity was positively associated with increased connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and inferior temporal gyrus. Differential associations were observed between groups whereby the strength of the physical activity‐functional connectivity association was different between the inferior parietal lobule and inferior temporal gyrus in TBI compared to controls.DiscussionIndividuals with a history of TBI show functional connectivity alterations of the FPCN. Moreover, engagement in physical activity is associated with functional network connectivity of the FPCN in those with a TBI. These findings are consistent with the evidence that physical activity affects FPCN connectivity in non‐injured adults; however, this effect presents differently in those with a history of TBI.
Subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Qiao , Lu Chaoyin , Chen Mengdie , Feng Ping 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAccumulating evidence suggests that thyroid dysfunction may be related to the risk of dementia. However, previous studies evaluating the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the risk of dementia showed inconsistent results. This systematic review and meta‐analysis were performed to evaluate the relationship between subclinical hyperthyroidism and the incidence of dementia in the general population.MethodsCohort studies relevant were retrieved by searching the electronic databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. A random‐effects model was used to combine the data by incorporating the influence of between‐study heterogeneity. Subgroup and meta‐regression analyses were performed to investigate the source of heterogeneity.ResultsNine cohort studies including 49,218 community‐derived participants were included. Among them, 3177 (6.5%) had subclinical hyperthyroidism at baseline. During a mean follow‐up of 10.2 years, 4044 participants developed dementia. The pooled results showed that compared to the participants with euthyroidism, those with subclinical hyperthyroidism had a higher incidence of dementia (risk ratio: 1.38, 95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.74, p = .006; I2 = 47%). Subgroup analyses according to study design, age of the participants, methods for diagnosis of dementia, or analytic model did not significantly change the results. The univariate meta‐regression showed that the cutoff of thyroid‐stimulating hormone for defining subclinical hyperthyroidism negatively affected the association between subclinical hyperthyroidism and dementia (coefficient: –1.44, p = .009), which completely explained the heterogeneity (residual I2 = 0%).ConclusionSubjects with subclinical hyperthyroidism may have a higher risk of dementia compared to those with euthyroidism.
HIF‐1α knockdown attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in ischemic stroke male rats via CXCR4/NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Chen Gao , Wang Xi , Jin Zhan , Hu Gao‐Bo , Yu Qi‐Hui , Jiang Hai‐Yan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundHypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) is a sensitive indicator of oxygen homeostasis, of which the expression elevates following hypoxia/ischemia. This study reveals the specific mechanisms underlying the effects of HIF‐1α on ischemic stroke (IS).MethodsIS model was established using middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO)‐modeled male rats and oxygen glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R)‐treated mice hippocampal cells HT22, followed by the silencing of HIF‐1α and the overexpression of C‐X‐C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB). Following the surgery, Garcia's grading scale was applied for neurological evaluation. Cerebral infarcts and injuries were visualized using 2,3,5‐triphenyltetrazolium chloride and hematoxylin‐eosin staining. The levels of tumor necrosis factor‐α, Interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1β, malondialdehyde, and 8‐hydroxy‐2′‐deoxyguanosine, were calculated via ELISA. MTT assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assay kit were adopted to determine the viability and cytotoxicity of OGD/R‐modeled cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was evaluated using a 2′‐7′dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH‐DA) probe. The levels of HIF‐1α, CXCR4, and NF‐κB p65 were quantified via Western blot and immunofluorescence, respectively.ResultsHIF‐1α knockdown improved Garcia's score, attenuated the cerebral infarct, inflammation, and ROS generation, and alleviated the levels of inflammatory cytokines and CXCR4/NF‐κB p65 in MCAO‐modeled rats. Such effects were reversed following the overexpression of CXCR4 and NF‐κB. Also, in OGD/R‐treated HT22 cells, HIF‐1α silencing diminished the cytotoxicity and ROS production and reduced the expressions of CXCR4/NF‐κB p65, while promoting viability. However, CXCR4/NF‐κB p65 overexpression did the opposite.ConclusionHIF‐1α knockdown alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in IS through the CXCR4/NF‐κB pathway.
Benefits of inspiratory muscle training therapy in institutionalized adult people with cerebral palsy: A double‐blind randomized controlled trial
Authors: Martin‐Sanchez Carlos , Barbero‐Iglesias Fausto Jose , Amor‐Esteban Victor , Martin‐Sanchez Marta , Martin‐Nogueras Ana Maria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundRespiratory health problems are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in adult people with cerebral palsy (CP). The influence of respiratory muscle training has not yet been studied in this population group. The objective of the study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of two protocols with inspiratory muscle training (IMT), low intensity and high intensity, to improve respiratory strength and pulmonary function in adults with CP.MethodsThe study was a controlled, randomized, double‐blind trial with allocation concealment. Twenty‐seven institutionalized CP patients were recruited and randomly distributed in the high‐intensity training group (HIT) or low‐intensity training group (LIT). Over 8 weeks, an IMT protocol was followed 5 days/week, 10 series of 1 min with 1 min rest between them. HIT trained with a load of 40% of the maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP) and LIT with 20%. Respiratory strength and pulmonary function were evaluated.ResultsAfter IMT intervention, MIP, maximum expiratory pressure, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow increased in both groups; in HIT 29%, 19%, 13%, and 8%, respectively (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.002, p = 0.001) and in LIT 17%, 7%, 3%, and 4%, respectively (p = 0.000, p = 0.000, p = 0.049, p = 0.113). All the improvements were significantly higher in HIT than in LIT.ConclusionInspiratory muscle training improved respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in adults with CP. Training with a 40% MIP load improved all the evaluated parameters and was the most effective treatment for adults with CP.
SnO2 Encapsulated in Alginate Matrix: Evaluation and Optimization of Bioinspired Nanoadsorbents for Azo Dye Removal
Authors: Jyoti Borah Shikha , Kumar Ravinder , Prasad Singh Praduman , Kumar Vinod 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSynthesized SnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) demonstrate potential capacity to adsorb toxic azo Congo red dye. The formation of rutile phase SnO2 NPs was confirmed using Powder X‐ray diffraction and spherical morphology was corroborated through SEM imaging. TEM analysis confirms average particle size of SnO2 NPs is nearly 3 nm. High azo dye removal efficiency is attributed to large surface area and presence of oxygen vacancies which were substantiated through BET and XPS analysis, respectively. To mitigate the leaching of NPs in treated water, NPs are encapsulated in sodium alginate (SA) matrix, which is proposed as an environmentally friendly, biocompatible, and economic solution. This study specifically focuses on investigating the parameters for the encapsulation of NPs within a sodium alginate matrix using CaCl2 as cross‐linker. This work investigates the effect of physical shape of encapsulation, effect of SA and cross‐linker (CaCl2) concentration on the feasibility of NP encapsulation and overall adsorption efficiency. Experimental results indicated that the physical form of encapsulation, such as spherical, wire‐like, or irregular shape maintained consistent adsorption efficiency, which indicates its versatility. For effective encapsulation of NPs and adsorption, SA and CaCl2 concentration are suggested to be within the range of 0.2–0.3 g and >0.5 M, respectively.
Robust causal inference for point exposures with missing confounders
Authors: Levis Alexander W. , Mukherjee Rajarshi , Wang Rui , Haneuse Sebastien 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLarge observational databases are often subject to missing data. As such, methods for causal inference must simultaneously handle confounding and missingness; surprisingly little work has been done at this intersection. Motivated by this, we propose an efficient and robust estimator of the causal average treatment effect from cohort studies when confounders are missing at random. The approach is based on a novel factorization of the likelihood that, unlike alternative methods, facilitates flexible modelling of nuisance functions (e.g., with state‐of‐the‐art machine learning methods) while maintaining nominal convergence rates of the final estimators. Simulated data, derived from an electronic health record‐based study of the long‐term effects of bariatric surgery on weight outcomes, verify the robustness properties of the proposed estimators in finite samples. Our approach may serve as a theoretical benchmark against which ad hoc methods may be assessed.
Uniform carbon coating and solid electrolyte interphase synergistically enhanced exceptional anodic K‐ion storage properties of stable KTiOPO4 single crystals
Authors: Bai Ling , Jin Su , Liu Qian , Xu Wenjuan , Li Ziquan , Huang Zhen‐Dong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSearching for low‐cost, high‐capacity, high‐power, high‐stability, high‐tap‐density, and inherently safe materials for developing cheap, safe, and high‐performance batteries has always been a research hotspot. Herein, an inherently safe, low‐cost, and low‐strain KTiOPO4 (KTOP) submicron single crystals with a uniform thin layer carbon coating are developed using a ball‐mill assisted solid‐state method. Uniform solid electrolyte interphase, carbon coating, and inherently stable structure synergistically help compact KTOP submicron single crystals achieve an exceptional anodic K‐ion storage performance. The carbon‐coated KTOP single crystals obtained under the carbonization temperature of 400°C (KTOP‐C‐400) can deliver an exceptional potassium ion storage performance of 253.3, 224.0, 175.5, and 131.1 mA h g−1 at the current density of 100, 200, 500, and 1000 mA g−1, respectively, in the electrolyte of 5 M potassium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (KFSI) in DIGLYME electrolytes. Even after being cycled at 1000 mA g−1 for 1000 cycles, the capacity was maintained at 182.5 mA h g−1 with a coulombic efficiency of 99.9%.
In Vitro Fracture Strength of Primary Canine Teeth Reinforced With Prefabricated and Customized Fiber‐Reinforced Post Systems
Authors: Behzadpour Faeze , Pasdar Nilgoon , Ahmadizenouz Ghazaleh , Bijani Ali 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe demand for esthetics has increased in today's world and most parents prefer to preserve their children's primary anterior teeth until their natural exfoliation. However, an intracanal post is required to provide retention for reconstruction of severely damaged anterior teeth due to caries or trauma. Various materials and methods may be used for the fabrication of intracanal posts. This study assessed the fracture strength and fracture mode of primary canine teeth reconstructed with prefabricated and customized polyethylene and glass fiber posts.Materials and MethodsThis in vitro study evaluated 60 extracted primary canine teeth in four groups (n = 15). After pulpectomy and post space preparation with 4 mm depth, composite resin post, prefabricated glass fiber post (Whitepost), customized glass fiber post (Interlig), or customized polyethylene fiber post (Ribbond) were placed in the root canals to provide retention, and the tooth crown was restored with bulk‐fill composite resin. The fracture strength was then measured in a universal testing machine. The fracture mode was also evaluated visually.ResultsThe mean fracture strength was 22.45 ± 5.06, 33.10 ± 8.5, 30.20 ± 7.33, and 32.61 ± 5.73 N/mm2 in the composite resin post, Whitepost, Interlig, and Ribbond groups, respectively. The fracture strength was significantly lower in the composite group than in the remaining three groups (p = 0.000). No other significant differences were found (p > 0.05). Also, no significant difference was observed among the study groups in the fracture mode (p = 0.241).ConclusionThe composite resin post yielded a significantly lower fracture strength than the prefabricated and customized glass and polyethylene fiber posts, but the fracture mode was not significantly different among the four groups.
A Wide Range Zero‐Voltage Switching Phase‐Shifted Full‐Bridge Converter With No Duty Cycle Loss and Low Rectifier Oscillation
Authors: Tang Yu , Zhao Hongze , Jia Purui , Zhao Yin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThe phase‐shifted full‐bridge (PSFB) converter has been widely used in DC/DC converters due to its soft‐switching characteristics. However, it still has many drawbacks. In order to solve the shortcomings of the PSFB converter, such as limited soft‐switching range, high loss of duty cycle, and high oscillating voltage of the secondary rectifier, a PSFB converter based on parallel variable inductor and series blocking capacitor is proposed in this study. A wide range of soft switching, low rectifier oscillation voltage, and no duty cycle loss can be realized by the auxiliary current‐controlled variable inductor and reasonable blocking capacitor design. In this study, the mechanism of soft switching and suppression of oscillation is discussed and some of the designs are given. Finally, the experimental results of a 200 W/50 kHz prototype are constructed in the laboratory to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed converter.