bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of IR radiance simulation for all‐sky assimilation of Himawari‐8/AHI in a mesoscale NWP system
Authors: Okamoto Kozo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo assimilate the all‐sky infrared radiances of Himawari‐8/AHI (Advanced Himawari Imager), we investigated the statistical characteristics of a radiance simulation from a mesoscale cloud‐resolving model. Compared with AHI observations, the simulations tended to show insufficiently low brightness temperature (BT), probably because of a lack of high‐cloud prediction and insufficient cloud‐scattering in the radiative transfer (RT) calculations. For effective assimilation, quality control (QC) procedures were developed to eliminate samples in which high inhomogeneities were identified, observed BTs were very low, and simulated (background) radiances deviated substantially from observations. The probability distribution function (PDF) of observation‐minus‐background (O–B) was Gaussian for the QC‐passed samples at the humidity bands (6.2 and 6.9 µm) of the AHI. This evaluation was implemented for four representative meteorological conditions around Japan to ensure robustness. The PDF at the window band (10.4 µm), however, was not close to Gaussian, probably because of the significant negative bias even after QCs. The PDF at a low‐tropospheric temperature band (13.3 µm) was Gaussian for three out of four meteorological conditions.The relationship of the removal of inhomogeneous scenes to the O–B statistics and BT distribution was investigated quantitatively. The stricter threshold of inhomogeneity reduced O–B difference but also decreased the percentage of low BT, resulting in the possibility of excessive removal of high‐altitude cloud samples. This relationship was enhanced for larger samples that included more diverse cloud scenes. Finally, comparison of simulations at various resolutions with two RT models revealed that the reproducibility of low BT was more affected by using a different RT model than by using higher‐resolution systems.
Statistical extended‐range forecast of winter surface air temperature and extremely cold days over China
Authors: Zhu Zhiwei , Li Tim 
Published: February 2017

An extremely cold day (ECD) in boreal winter over China is often accompanied by freezing rainfall or snow, leading to power outages, paralysed traffic and damaged ecosystems. Extended‐range (5–30 days lead) forecast of Chinese winter surface air temperature (SAT) and ECD has become a critical demand nationwide. In the present study, based on training data during 1960/1961–1999/2000, a statistical spatial–temporal projection model (STPM) is conducted to carry out an independent extended‐range forecast of winter SAT and ECD over China.For the independent forecast period (2000/2001–2012/2013), STPM is able to capture the empirical orthogonal function (EOF)‐filtered 10–80 days SAT anomaly at all 5–30 days lead times. Verification against the observed 10–80 days SAT anomaly shows that significant temporal correlation coefficient skill persists to 25–30 days lead times over most parts of China, except for northeastern China and the Tibetan Plateau where useful skill is up to a 15 days lead time. Significant pattern correlation coefficients between forecasted and the EOF‐filtered/observed 10–80 days SAT anomaly account for over 63%/59% of total forecasts for all 5–30 days lead times.The forecast local ECD is determined based on reconstructed SAT by adding the lower frequency (longer than 80 days) climatological SAT to the forecast 10–80 days SAT anomaly. Except for southeastern China and the Tibetan Plateau, STPM can hit above 30% of local ECDs over most parts of China at least 15 days in advance.
Identification of degradation products of saquinavir mesylate by ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry and its application to quality control
Authors: Thummar Mohit , Patel Prinesh N. , Petkar Arun L. , Swain Debasish , Srinivas R. , Samanthula Gananadhamu 
Published: February 2017

RationaleSaquinavir mesylate (SQM) is an antiviral drug used for the treatment of HIV infections. The identification and characterization of all degradation products are essential for achieving the quality in pharmaceutical product development and also for patient safety.MethodsThe drug was subjected to hydrolytic (HCl, NaOH and water), oxidative (H2O2), photolytic (UV and fluorescence light) and thermal (dry heat) forced degradation conditions as per ICH guidelines. The best chromatographic separation of the drug and all degradation products (DPs) was achieved on a CSH‐Phenyl Hexyl column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.7 μm) with ammonium acetate (10 mM, pH 5.0) and methanol as mobile phase in gradient mode at a flow rate of 0.28 mL/min.ResultsNine DPs were obtained under various forced degradation conditions. All the DPs were characterized by using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization quadrupole time‐of‐flight tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC/ESI‐QTOF MS/MS) and the degradation pathway of the drug was justified by mechanistic explanations. The main DPs were formed by amide hydrolysis, conversion into diastereomers, an N‐oxide and dehydration as well as oxidation of the alcohol from the drug. The method was validated and can be used in a quality control (QC) laboratory to assure the quality of SQM in bulk and finished formulations.ConclusionsA simple UHPLC/photodiode array (PDA) method was developed and successfully transferred to UHPLC/ESI‐Q‐TOF MS/MS for the identification and characterization of DPs. Very interestingly, diastereomeric DPs were obtained and successfully resolved by the chromatographic method. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Direct Control Design via Controller Unfalsification
Authors: Battistelli Giorgio , Mari Daniele , Selvi Daniela , Tesi Pietro 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThis paper proposes a non‐iterative direct approach for controller design from experimental data; the parameters of a controller of a prescribed order and structure are optimized with respect to a relevant performance criterion. The proposed design method enjoys the following features: (i) It does not involve the identification of the process to be controlled; (ii) it only requires a single experiment; (iii) in the case of stable plants, no initial controller is needed even when the process to be controlled is non‐minimum phase; and (iv) it provides sufficient conditions for the resulting closed‐loop system to be stable. The approach builds upon the so‐called unfalsified control theory; this key point makes it possible to derive simple and intuitive relations between the choice of the performance criterion to be optimized and closed‐loop stability conditions. The analysis is supported by numerical examples. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Robust periodically time‐varying horizon finite memory fault detection filter design for polytopic uncertain discrete‐time systems
Authors: Han Ke‐Zhen , Feng Jian 
Published: February 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a robust periodically time‐varying horizon finite memory fault detection filter (PTVHFM‐FDF) is proposed to generate residual signal for the purpose of system monitoring. The major advantage of PTVHFM‐FDF is that finite historical data can be sufficiently utilized to enhance the robustness of fault detection against model uncertainty and external disturbance. The analysis, design, and application of PTVHFM‐FDF consist of several steps. Firstly, a periodic time‐varying residual error system is constructed on the basis of augmented method and time domain partition method. Secondly, in facilitating robust stability and
performance analysis, the time‐varying residual error system is further transformed into a polyhedral time‐invariant system on the basis of time lifting technique. Thirdly, less conservative PTVHFM‐FDF analysis and design conditions are then obtained on the basis of Finsler relaxation lemma and slack variable structure definition. Fourthly, choices of memory window horizon parameters are properly suggested on the basis of a compromise between FDF robustness and its structural complexity. Finally, an integrated design and application algorithm of PTVHFM‐FDF is summarized. Effectiveness of PTVHFM‐FDF is verified through three examples. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Investigating the effects of norepinephrine α1 receptor blockade on dopamine levels: A pilot PET study with [11C]‐(+)‐PHNO in controls
Authors: Le Foll Bernard , Thiruchselvam Thulasi , Lu Shawna Xiaoyun , Mohammed Shakira , Mansouri Esmaeil , Lagzdins Dina , Nakajima Shinichiro , Wilson Alan A. , Graff‐Guerrero Ariel , Di Ciano Patricia , Boileau Isabelle 
Published: February 2017

AbstractInterest in a role for norepinephrine (NE) in substance use disorders has increased over recent years. In particular, its interaction with dopamine (DA) is of importance. In this study, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to explore the impact of prazosin (an alpha 1 NE antagonist) on DA levels. Healthy volunteers were administered prazosin for approximately 4 weeks at the daily dose of 15 mg to reach steady state. Participants were scanned with PET imaging and the [11C]‐(+)‐PHNO tracer at baseline (before prazosin), at steady state, and after a wash out period. Prazosin administration was associated with an increase of [11C]‐(+)‐PHNO binding potential in the dorsal caudate relative to baseline, which corresponds to a decrease in DA levels. This study is the first to demonstrate interactions between DA and NE in healthy humans.
Validation of prediction model for successful vaginal birth after Cesarean delivery based on sonographic assessment of hysterotomy scar
Authors: Baranov A. , Salvesen K. Å. , Vikhareva O. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo validate a prediction model for successful vaginal birth after Cesarean delivery (VBAC) based on sonographic assessment of the hysterotomy scar, in a Swedish population.MethodsData were collected from a prospective cohort study. We recruited non‐pregnant women aged 18–35 years who had undergone one previous low‐transverse Cesarean delivery at ≥ 37 gestational weeks and had had no other uterine surgery. Participants who subsequently became pregnant underwent transvaginal ultrasound examination of the Cesarean hysterotomy scar at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 and at 19 + 0 to 21 + 6 gestational weeks. Thickness of the myometrium at the thinnest part of the scar area was measured. After delivery, information on pregnancy outcome was retrieved from hospital records. Individual probabilities of successful VBAC were calculated using a previously published model. Predicted individual probabilities were divided into deciles. For each decile, observed VBAC rates were calculated. To assess the accuracy of the prediction model, receiver–operating characteristics curves were constructed and the areas under the curves (AUC) were calculated.ResultsComplete sonographic data were available for 120 women. Eighty (67%) women underwent trial of labor after Cesarean delivery (TOLAC) with VBAC occurring in 70 (88%) cases. The scar was visible in all 80 women at the first‐trimester scan and in 54 (68%) women at the second‐trimester scan. AUC was 0.44 (95% CI, 0.28–0.60) among all women who underwent TOLAC and 0.51 (95% CI, 0.32–0.71) among those with the scar visible sonographically at both ultrasound examinations.ConclusionThe prediction model demonstrated poor accuracy for prediction of successful VBAC in our Swedish population. Copyright © 2017 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Curve‐fitting regression: improving light element quantification with XRF
Authors: Kikongi Philippe , Salvas Joanny , Gosselin Ryan 
Published: February 2017

Light elements are hard to quantify by X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry because, after a photoelectric excitation, they predominantly relax emitting Auger electrons, greatly reducing the fluorescence count thus limiting the signal‐to‐noise ratios (SNR) observed. Low SNR values have deleterious outcomes in model building. Notable in ordinary least squares (OLS) regression based on peak height, they also affect more robust regression methods, such as partial least squares regression. While low SNR can also be observed with low concentrations of heavier elements, this paper focuses on boron.To overcome the low SNR hurdle, curve‐fitting regression (CFR), a novel method elaborated in this paper, seeks to fit full scans with summed Gaussian curves. The methodology was illustrated with pressed microcrystalline cellulose spiked with sodium tetraborate decahydrate (borax) powder samples. The calibration set ranged from 0% to 21.5% m/m boron, and a PANalytical Axios wavelength dispersive X‐ray fluorescence system with rhodium source was used to perform the tests. A calibration curve with determination coefficient (R2) = 0.990 and root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) = 0.7% m/m was produced with CFR versus RMSEC = 1.2% m/m with OLS regression.Validity of the method was tested with a set of 17 pearled samples containing a mixture of different oxides. Root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) of 0.1% m/m was obtained with the validation set, using CFR against RMSEP = 0.99% m/m with OLS regression, thus illustrating the proposed method's potential. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The “Hidden Observer” as the Cognitive Unconscious During Hypnosis
Authors: Császár Noemi , Scholkmann Felix , Kapócs Gabor , Bókkon Istvan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The question of how to define and explain hypnosis is still not completely answered. Most of the theories of hypnosis are based on describing it as an altered state of consciousness; others focus on intrapersonal and interpersonal aspects, sociopsychological, neurocognitive or sociocognitive processes. More detailed explanation of hypnosis requires a synthesis of these various perspectives — a task for future research. Recent experiments are in agreement with Braid’s concept of hypnosis (published already in 1843) defining hypnosis as a process enhancing or depressing neural activity as well as changing functional connectivity among brain regions; the brain regions involved in mental imagery are thought to be central for hypnosis. In the present article we suggest that the “hidden observer” under hypnosis might be due to the cognitive unconscious and that this special state emerges principally in highly susceptible subjects. Explicitly, the “hidden observer” might be nothing other than the cognitive unconscious.
Synesthetic Associations and Psychopathological Symptoms: Preliminary Evidence in Young Women
Authors: Neckar Marcel , Bob Petr 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Synesthesia is a neuropsychological condition in which stimulation of one sensory modality or cognitive pathway is associated with unusual experiences in a different unstimulated modality. In this context a purpose of this study is to find relationships between word-color associations and psychopathological symptoms of anxiety (SAS), depression (BDI-II), alexithymia (TAS-20) and symptoms of traumatic stress (TSC-40) in 43 healthy young women (mean age 18.25). Results of this study show that colors associated to specific words have significant correlations with symptoms of anxiety, depression, alexithymia and symptoms of traumatic stress. Sum of scores related to color associations to these words create subscales that are significantly correlated with BDI-II (Spearman R= −0.60), SAS (−0.44), TAS-20 (−0.70) and TSC-40 (−0.64); p<0.01. The results indicate specific synesthetic-like mechanisms in association processes specifically linked to psychopathological thinking, feelings and imagination.
Pain, Dissociation and Posttraumatic Growth
Authors: Bob Petr 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPainful experience involving psychological and physical dimension is most frequently understood as a dangerous signal from physical and social environment. In this context recent psychological research in posttraumatic growth strongly suggests that pain in its consequences must not be only hurtful experience as such but may have a unique psychological dimension for human development and growth. Acceptation of pain experience as not only negative sheds new light to this problem and has important consequences for psychotherapy as a unique opportunity to resolve psychological conflict and intensive inner suffering. These findings are particularly important for human growth and spirituality, and are in contrast to hedonic aspect of our culture that tend to ignore painful experience as a part of human life that can uncover real meaning of personal existence and self-reflection as an essential principle for learning and creative process of understanding.
Intensity-Dependent Auditory Evoked Potential Defines Subgroups of Patients with PTSD: A Multimodality Imaging Study
Authors: Poprawski Teresa J. , Lonser Kara A. , Korpics John , Zadecki Jerzy , Crayton John W. , Halaris Angelos , Konopka Lukasz M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a complex and heterogeneous psychiatric disorder. Patients with chronic PTSD present with significant psychiatric co-morbidities. Current treatment guidelines recommend the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in PTSD patients, but only 50–60% of these patients respond favorably. To improve the response rate, understanding the underlying pathophysiology is necessary. Serotonergic transmission has been implicated in PTSD and the intensity-dependent auditory evoked potential (IDAEP) is presumed to reflect central serotonergic activity, thereby providing an opportunity to more precisely characterize PTSD patient populations and possibly predict response to treatment. We studied nineteen patients diagnosed with PTSD, matched for age and medications. Based on the stimulus intensity relationship, the patients were divided into two groups: augmenters and reducers. These groups were further evaluated using resting state quantitative EEG and HMPAO-based SPECT brain perfusion acquired simultaneously. The imaging data were correlated with behavioral measures characterizing symptoms of PTSD and measurements of mood state. The augmenters differed from the reducers in the resting state quantitative EEG and SPECT perfusion measures. The differences were primarily localized to the right hemisphere. There were significant differences in measures of PTSD symptoms, but not in overall measures of depression. Item analysis of depression measures showed a significant difference between the augmenters and the reducers in reported sleep difficulties, which correlated with the reported anxiety measures. Objective separation of patients into subgroups based on the IDAEP contributes to the understanding of PTSD biological substrate and can potentially lead to more effective treatment strategies.
The Perception and the Recognition of Human Faces and their Emotional Expressions — In Healthy Subjects and Schizophrenic Patients
Authors: Rotenberg Vadim S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis article displays a reconsideration of literary data that leads to the suggestion that the process of the face identification and of the recognition of human facial expressions, in addition to the perception of single facial features and their configurations, is based on the more essential creation of the polysemantic interpersonal relationships. In schizophrenic patients this ability is lost. The feeling of the human nature of faces is out of the competence of these patients and faces cause emotional tension with the subsequent use of the psychological defense.
Epigenetics and Primal Therapy
Authors: Janov Arthur 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Epigenetics is focused on the study of how experience changes an individual’s genetic expression, previously considered inalterable. Recent pioneering research indicates that epigenetics is revolutionizing the study of mental health and challenging the belief that DNA is destiny. Moreover, in terms of the history of science, the new developments augur the convergence of previously distinct fields, psychology and biology. There is a growing understanding that mental illness has a crucial physical component and may cause disturbances of mind and body which strongly emphasis a crucial role of psychotherapy focused on early stressful experiences mainly during critical developmental periods including prenatal and perinatal traumas.
Placebo Effect: A New Approach to Explanation of its Psychophysiological Mechanisms
Authors: Rotenberg Vadim 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this theoretical overview will be reconsidered basic mechanisms of placebo effect with a purpose to examine a hypothesis that the generally accepted psycho-physiological mechanisms of the placebo effect that explain many clinical and experimental data are related to search activity. Search related activity in general is a behavioral attitude that is capable to restore mental and physical health in different conditions that may explain basic mechanisms of placebo effect.
Association between Dysthymic Disorder and Disability, with Religiosity as Moderator
Authors: Sandhu Ravinder S. , Ghosh Samiran , Dellenbaugh Timothy 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
There has been much research on Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) in terms of functional impairment associated with the disorder. On the other hand, Dysthymic Disorder (DD) has not received much attention in the literature in relation to the functional disability associated with the disorder. Similarly, the moderator effect of religiosity has been studied in many physical and mental health disorders, but has not been explored in DD. The aims of the present study were to explore the association between DD and functional disability, and to study the moderator effect of religiosity on the association. The data for the study was obtained from consortium of Psychiatric Epidemiologic Survey (CPES). The survey collected data on prevalence of mental health problems and the sociocultural determinants, in the national population. The present study utilized the data on DD and factors such as race, gender, marital status, employment status, and religiosity, in order to explore association between DD and disability and the effect of religiosity on the association. Results show that the subjects who have endorsed DD are 1.092 times more likely to have functional disability than those who have not endorsed DD. The association is statistically significant with the 95% CI for the Odds Ratio (OR) as 1.072–1.113. The religiosity has not shown a significant effect on the association between DD and functional disability. In conclusion there is statistically significant association between DD and the functional disability. Although the cross-sectional study design makes it difficult to determine the causal relationship, the results may signify that DD could potentially cause significant functional impairment. Further longitudinal studies are needed to probe the association between DD and disability.