bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic risk factors for Parkinson’s disease in Ukraine
Authors: Koliada A. K. , Pletneva T. V. , Sosedko A. S. , Chyvlyklyj M. A. , Vaiserman A. M. , Karaban I. N. 
Published: May 2016

The paper focuses on the genetic risk factors for Parkinson’s disease (PD) such as polymorphisms in genes CYP1A1, GSTM1 and APOE. A total number of 516 people were examined. 300 persons were in the control group (mean age 67,0 ± 0,4 years; 200 males and 100 females) and 216 persons were patients with PD (mean age 65,0 ± 0,7 years, 116 males and 100 females). Whole blood samples collected from each person were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. Amplification and restriction results were assessed by conducting vertical agarose gel electrophoresis. The study analyzed marker с.2452C>A in the CYP1A1 gene. In the control group, allele C frequency was 0.79, and allele A frequency – 0.21. Genotype frequencies were: CC – 0.61, AC – 0.36, AA – 0.03. In the group of patients alleles C and A frequencies were 0.64 and 0.36 correspondingly. Genotype frequencies were: CC – 0.35, AC – 0.58, AA – 0.07. There was a significant difference between both groups in allele A frequency. It is considered that 0/0 genotype for the GSTM1 gene is a risk factor for PD. In the controls, +/+ and 0/0 genotypes frequencies were 0.67 and 0.33 correspondingly. In the group of patients +/+ genotype frequency was 0.55 and 0/0 genotype frequency – 0.45. The difference was statistically significant. In the control group genotype frequencies for the АРОЕ gene were 0.715 (Е3/Е3), 0.077 (Е3/Е4), 0.009 (Е4/Е4), 0.167 (Е2/Е3), 0.031 (Е2/Е4) and 0.000 (Е2/Е2). In the group of patients with PD they were 0.634 (Е3/Е3), 0.148 (Е3/Е4), 0.032 (Е4/Е4), 0.157 (Е2/Е3), 0.023 (Е2/Е4) and 0.000 (Е2/Е2). Е3/Е4 genotype frequency was significantly higher in the group of patients with PD than in the control group. Pathogenic allele с.2452C>A of the CYP1A1 gene is associated with increased risk of PD (OR = 1.72). 0/0 genotype carriers have higher risk to develop PD (OR = 1.72). Allele έ4 of the АРОЕ gene may be associated with increased risk of PD. Risk of the disease is higher in έ2 allele carriers (OR = 2.35) and έ4 allele carriers (OR=1.97). People with genotype Е4/Е4 have chances to be affected by PD 3.48 times higher (OR = 3.48). Associations revealed in the different human populations between genetic factors and PD may vary that is associated with the genetic heterogeneity and proportion of environmental factors which affect people. Despite the results are sometimes controversial, they can be helpful in developing DNA-tests for early diagnosis of PD.
White blood cells of peripheral blood with ConA-positive glycotopes in patients with chronic leukemia
Authors: Maslak G. S. 
Published: May 2016

141 Tumor growth progression of blood cells occurs due to changes in their genetic apparatus, which affects not only the cells morphological characteristics, but also their functional activity which to a greater extent depends on the membrane surface structures, a significant part of which is of glycoprotein nature. Complex type N-glycans are components of surface glycoproteins in the most of leukocytes. Thus, the study of changes in carbohydrate determinants of glycoproteins on the surface of leucocytes in tumorigenesis can help to reveal the mechanisms of this process. The aim of our study was to investigate the monocytes and granulocytes cytoplasmic membrane N-glycosylation in patients with chronic leukemia. The object of the study were blood cells of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (n = 12) and polycythemia vera (n = 15) aged 58–66 years. Healthy hematologic volunteers (n = 15) aged 55 to 65 years were in the control group. N-glycan exposure on monocytes and granulocytes was investigated by flow cytometer Beckman Сoulter EPICS with Canavalia ensiformis lectin – Con A conjugated with fluorescent labels. The number of dead cells was monitored by means of binding them with propidium iodide. The result has been analyzed with FC Express. According to our data, levels of ConA-positive monocytes and granulocytes were 9,9 ± 1,0% and 32,7 ± 3,2%, respectively, in peripheral blood of healthy persons. The level of ConA-positive monocytes decreased to 31,0 ± 2,3% and the number of ConA-binding granulocytes increased to 66,7 ± 3,8% in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia compared with the norm. The number of ConA-positive monocytes decreased 3.3 times, and the level of granulocytes interacting with Canavalia ensiformis lectin slightly increased relative to control in polycythemia vera patients. There is significant increase in Con A-positive epitopes on granulocytes in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and polycythemia vera compared with the control group, and absence of any difference in Con A-positive epitopes on monocytes. 100 times increase of the number of ConA-binding glycotopes is observed on the surface of granulocytes in peripheral blood of patients with polycythemia vera, and 3,3 times increase in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, which may serve as an additional marker for the diagnosing these diseases.
Morphological parallels of communications between the circumventricular system in adolescents
Authors: Komshuk T. S. 
Published: May 2016

This article presents, based on the example of morphometric study of magnetic resonance tomograms of persons of various ages, the complex of vital characteristics of the cerebrospinal system of the brain in adolescents. The study tested gender characteristics and inter hemispheric asymmetry of the analyzed indexes. An asymmetry of anatomical structures of the right and left hemispheres with the tendency to increase in their sizes in the right hemisphere was found both for males and for females. Females had some age differences in the longitudinal dimension of the III ventricle (this index was lower in older females), the width and index of the IV ventricle was significantly lower in the 18 and 20 year old girls. Objective and methods. The research was conducted on the base of the radiation diagnosis department of Rivne Regional Clinical Hospital on the CT scan General Electric Healthcare Signa MRI 1.5 T and in the office of magnetic resonance imaging of Lutsk City Clinical Hospital on the CT scan Signa Profile Ce Medical System – 1,5 Tl in standard anatomic planes (sagittal, frontal andaxial). Measurements were carried out in persons without visual signs of organic lesions of the brain and skull. Analysis was made of 11 tomograms (males 17–21 years old – 6 persons, females 16–20 years old – 5 persons). In comparing pairs of parameters (of lateral ventricles) the factor of asymmetry was calculated, which is equal to the difference between the right and left lateral ventricles divided by the sum of right and left ventricles indexes (%). The results were processed by methods of descriptional statistics. In young males of this age group a significant increase in the following indicators was identified: the length of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the right side, the length of the body of the lateral ventricle on both sides and the height of the III ventricle. Females had significantly increases in the following parameters: the width of the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the right side and the width of the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle on the left side. Consequently, in male adoles cents a parallelism in the formation of various structures of the ventricular system was traced. Since this is a single system, morphological and functional connections between its different components are stored. Mathematical analysis of the values of the structures of ventricular system in females characterize a hormonal influence on its development in adolescents. We can assume that organs which are the part of the circumventricular system (subcommisural organ, subfornical organ, median rise etc.), definitely have the character of anatomical connections between these components. Their functional unity in maintaining the homeostasis of the body is undeniable.
Redução da exigência de fósforo disponível em dietas com adição de fitase para frangos de corte machos de oito aos 21 dias de idade
Authors: Parra John Armando , Teixeira Luiz Fernando , Rostagno Horacio Santiago , Hannas Melissa Izabel 
Published: May 2016

Introdução: Na formulação de rações para frangos de corte (FC) é usado o fósforo inorgânico (Pi) na forma de fosfato bicálcico (Fb) de alta disponibilidade que diminui na presença de ácido fítico, complexo que provem dos ingredientes vegetais das rações. Tanto o fósforo fítico, juntamente com o excesso de Pi adicionado, é eliminado nas fezes e causa sérios problemas ao ambiente. Além dessa problemática, as reservas do mineral estão se esgotando encarecendo os custos de produção obrigando o uso de fontes alternativas do mineral. Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a redução da exigência de fósforo disponível (Pd) para frangos de corte (FC) machos submetidos a três níveis Pd com adição de fitase (500FTU kg-1 de ração) no período dos oito aos 21 dias de idade sobre desempenho e parâmetros ósseos.
Material e método: Usaram-se 480 frangos da linhagem Cobb®, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os níveis de Pd foram 0,391% (nível da exigência de FC machos de desempenho médio [1], o qual foi assumido como 100%); e mais dois níveis: -10% (obtendo-se 0,352% (assumido como 90%) e +10% isto é 0,430% (assumido como 110%). A relação do cálcio com o Pd foi de 2,13:1 (Ca:Pd). Tiveram-se oito-repetições e 20 aves por boxe sendo ministrada uma dieta iso-nutriente. Avaliou-se peso final, ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, e nas tíbias os teores de cinzas, P e Ca. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância; quando houve diferença significativa (P<0,05) as médias dos tratamentos foram comparadas pelo teste de Student-Newman-Keuls.
Resultados: O consumo de ração diminuiu (P=0,0265) no nível 110%. Em relação à mineralização óssea, o nível de 90% resultou em menor teor de cinzas (%), de cálcio (% e g) e de fósforo (% e g) (P<0,05). É possível diminuir a exigência de Pd em FC machos de desempenho médio quando avaliados parâmetros zootécnicos.
Conclusão: É possível que dietas contendo 10% a menos da exigência de Pd para FC machos atendam às necessidades de mineralização óssea do animal. Neste estudo não foi verificada resistência óssea.
Bem-estar animal em aulas de Bioclimatologia Animal
Authors: Ramalho de Lima Matheus 
Published: May 2016

Propósito: o objetivo desta revisão é abordar questões relacionadas ao ensino do Bem-estar Animal (BEA), com ênfase na situação brasileira, e discutir sobre os desafios e as possibilidades de aprimoramento
Descrição: é essencial que estudantes de cursos voltados à ciência animal aprendam durante a graduação as bases conceituais do BEA e suas principais aplicações.
Ponto de vista: embora recente, o ensino do BEA nas universidades brasileiras apresentou crescimento acentuado nos últimos anos, o que tem permitido a visualização de algumas características nacionais no ensino do BEA. Este, por sua vez, beneficia-se de maneira significativa da associação com a pesquisa na medida em que se trata de uma área de conhecimento em construção.
Conclusões: os principais desafios que se apresentam no Brasil para o ensino do BEA são discutidos. Ao inserir o ensino do BEA em seus currículos, as universidades aumentam a adequação dos seus egressos ao mercado de trabalho atual e contribuem para um avanço na ética da relação ser humano-animal.
Los sistemas de producción caprina en el municipio de Molagavita, Santander sobre la cuenca del río Chicamocha
Authors: Vargas Javier Enrique , Serrano Cesar Augusto , Martínez Daniel Adyro , Rodríguez Guadalupe , Zaragoza Lourdes , Serrano Lady Katerine 
Published: May 2016

Introducción: el municipio de Molagavita forma parte de la cuenca del río Chicamocha, donde se desarrollan diversas actividades agrícolas y ganaderas principalmente la cría de caprinos. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar las características correspondientes a los sistemas productivos caprinos del municipio de Molagavita presentes sobre la cuenca del río Chicamocha.
Materiales y métodos: se realizó un muestreó de bola de nieve donde se logró encuestar a 6 productores. La encuesta estaba constituida por 10 parámetros; abarcando información sobre características generales, población, nutrición y alimentación animal, salud, reproducción, producción, genética, administración, economía y mercadeo, rescatando la opinión del productor acerca del sistema de producción empleado y su satisfacción ante el mismo. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el uso de Microsoft Office Excel® 2010, se aplicó un análisis descriptivo para las variables cuantitativas.
Resultados: la posesión de la tierra es propia en el 100% y la extensión de la fincas es en promedio 7±8.62 ha. Con respecto a la infraestructura y equipos empleados se cuenta con corral, saladeros y bebederos en el 100% de las granjas y cerca eléctrica en el 50%. El sistema de producción es extensivo en el 66%, con orientación a la producción de carne 100%. No se lleva ningún tipo de registros y al consultar sobre algunos parámetros zootécnicos, se reportaron promedios para peso al nacimiento de 2,75±0,69 kg, peso al beneficio 29,5±9,35 Kg.
Conclusiones: la mayor actividad económica de la zona es la comercialización de cabritos, aves de corral y productos agrícolas.
Study of coronary sinus and its tributaries in pigs
Authors: Reyes Diana Marcela , Rivera Jairo José , Gómez Fabián Alejandro , Cortes Luz Stella 
Published: May 2016

Introduction. Similarities between the bodies of pigs and humans have encouraged studies in comparative anatomy, trying to describe in detail the anatomical variations that could influence in the xenotransplantation, given that advances in genetics, immunology and biotechnology are large, this possibility is not far. The objective of this work was to make contributions to the vascular study of porcine heart.
Methodology. 60 porcine hearts, with an average of 5 months old and weighing 85-95kg were obtained from plant Vijagual. After receipt hearts were kept in water for 6 hours, then they were perfused with polyester resin semi-synthetic and mineral blue color, moreover the left coronary artery was perfused with red mineral color. Subsequently, the hearts were subjected to a process of partial corrosion with potassium hydroxide (15%), then the coronary sinus and its tributary branches were dissected from its origin to its distal segments, path, shapes, sizes, anastomosis and presence of registered anatomical variations. Photographic record of the samples was performed.
Results. The distal caliber of Great cardiac vein (5.36 +/- 1,04mm), its origin was determined from the apex at 70% of anatomical pieces it studied was determined and the ventricular groove paraconal 30% of the pieces analyzed. The arteriovenous trigone was found in 58 of cardiac structures studied (96.66%).
Conclusion. The description of the anatomic variations present in the pig heart structure will contribute to the possibility of xenotransplantation and also provides data for the development of studies on cardiovascular surgery and certain diseases of clinical and epidemiological importance.
La presencia de la lengua epigramática de Marcial dentro de la práctica burlesca de las academias del Siglo de Oro
Authors: Barragán Aroche Raquel 
Published: May 2016

En el presente artículo se pretende mostrar un panorama general de la recepción de los epigramas de Marcial dentro de las academias del Siglo de Oro, sobre todo, a partir de una de las características compositivas que el mismo autor llamó la “lengua de los epigramas”, elemento que, en distintas épocas, fue un obstáculo para que la obra de Marcial estuviera dentro del canon. No obstante, dentro de la práctica académica del Barroco, la risa adquirió tal importancia que aquella obscenitas comenzó a recuperarse y se convirtió en un pretexto para el ingenio en virtud de que se debía aludir de manera indirecta.
Adicción a la Conectividad (Primera Parte)
Authors: Nizama Valladolid Martín 
Published: May 2016

Durante las últimas décadas, el progreso imparable de la tecnología, la constante creación de dispositivos electrónicos y la masificación del uso de la Internet han llevado a la sociedad posmoderna a un desarrollo exponencial. Sin embargo, este progreso tecnológico ha traído consigo efectos negativos sobre una parte importante de la población debido al uso desmedido de estos dispositivos y la Internet, generando en los usuarios un uso descontrolado e indiscriminado característico de la enfermedad adictiva. Esta adicción se presenta con mayor prevalencia en niños y adolescentes, y los usuarios afectados se caracterizan por un uso compulsivo de la conectividad tecnológica con inconciencia de este, trastornos del rol personal, alteración de la interacción social, aislamiento, disminución de la comunicación sensorial, desconexión de larealidad y desórdenes del control de impulsos; con tendencia a laaparición de una conducta agresiva, ideas tanáticas y anulación delsentimiento de culpa. Además, la pérdida de la “familia natural” y su reemplazo por la “familia asistencial” es un contexto común los afectados por esta adicción. Se ha observado que esta patología comparte rasgos neurobiológicos con otros tipos de adicciones y la asociación de esta con otras alteraciones psiquiátricas
Directional RF Heating for Heavy Oil Recovery Using Antenna Array Beam-Forming
Authors: Saeedfar Amin , Lawton Don , Osadetz Kirk 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Conventional steam injection processes for thermal heavy oil recovery are generally limited to relatively shallow, thick, permeable, and homogenous reservoirs. An alternative thermal recovery process is to use electromagnetic (EM) energy to generate heat. Radio frequency heating is one type of EM heating, which is based on wave propagation phenomenon and uses high frequency EM sources. Due to these characteristics, RF heating can provide a controllability aspect of the thermal process by which heating pattern can be steered toward an area of insert and being turned away from a particular region. This can be achieved by combining the EM fileds of multiple RF sources (antenna) in an array configuration.
Although EM heating for heavy oil recovery is not a new idea, a commercial application still requires detailed modeling and a more quantitative analysis due to the complexity of the multiphysics process involved. In this paper, we first review the physics of EM heating of a subsurface formation followed by providing closed form correlation models of previously introduced data on electrical properties of Athabasca oilsands. We then revisit some of the analytical models of RF heating mechanism proposed in the past by evaluating the effect of far-field approximation on the accuracy of RF power deposit calculations. Important considerations for antennas being employed for RF heating applications such as near-field criterion and the effectiveness of bare versus insulated antenna will be discussed afterward. Finally, with few examples using analytical modeling, we provide a proof of concept for the method of using an antenna array for directing the RF-thermal pattern in an oilsand formation.
Modeling The Onset Of Asphaltene Precipitation In Solvent-Diluted Bitumens Using Cubic-Plus-Association Equation Of State
Authors: Sattari Maryam , Abedi Jalal , Zirrahi Mohsen , Mehrotra Anil K. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The growing market for solvent-assisted recovery methods, such as ES-SAGD, SAP, and LASER, increases the risk of asphaltene precipitation in the reservoir and upstream facilities that would result in production loss and huge operational costs. A comprehensive study on the asphaltene phase behaviour and precipitation is necessary in order to design preventive remedies for operational problems arising from asphaltene deposition.
In the present study, we employed a cubic-plus-association equation of state (CPA-EOS) to model asphaltene precipitation from Alberta bitumen samples upon addition of n-alkanes. The focus of this work is to study the effect of temperature and solvent on the asphaltene precipitation.
This method is, in particular, beneficial to commercial reservoir simulation due to its strong theoretical basis, reasonable calculation complexity, and modest computational time.
The physical interactions were described by the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state (SRK EOS). In the association term, the interactions between the bitumen pseudo-components were described based on the Wertheim's perturbation theory.
Bitumen was characterized, based on SARA analysis, into two pseudo-components, namely the maltenes and asphaltenes. Self-association between asphaltene molecules and cross-associations between the hypothetical asphaltene and maltene molecules were considered.
A solid-liquid equilibrium was assumed at the asphaltene precipitation onset. In order to satisfy the criteria for the formation of a solid phase, we employed a solid solubility model.
The proposed CPA-EOS model has only one adjustable parameter, which decreased a lot of unnecessary computational time. This is especially important for systems containing complex materials such as bitumens and heavy oils. The adjustable parameter of the CPA-EOS model was found to be both temperature- and solvent-dependent such that it decreased with increasing temperature and increased with increasing solvent carbon number. Pressure did not have a significant effect on the model parameters for the dead bitumen samples and operational pressures well above the solvent's bubble point.
The model predictions were compared with the experimental onset data for asphaltene precipitation over a range of temperature, and they were favourably in agreement. Our results showed that a tuned CPA-SRK EOS combined with the solid solubility model can successfully predict the onset of asphaltene precipitation. The results of the proposed model can be applied to the design and simulation of solvent-assisted thermal recovery methods and processes wherever bitumen comes in contact with heavy n-alkane solvents.