bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Sr‐doped K2NiF4‐type Cathode Material Pr1.7Sr0.3CuO4 for IT‐SOFCs
Authors: Ding Z. , Guo R. , Guo W. , Liu Z. , Cai G. , Jiang H. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA novel K2NiF4‐type oxide Pr1.7Sr0.3CuO4 (PSCu) is studied to obtain its electrochemical properties as the cathode for intermediate‐temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT‐SOFCs). The PSCu cathode powder and Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 (SDC) electrolyte powder were synthesized by sol‐gel method and glycine‐nitrate method, respectively. The crystal structure of PSCu powder and PSCu‐SDC composite powder were identified with X‐ray diffraction (XRD). It is shown that PSCu belongs to tetragonal K2NiF4‐type and has good chemical compatibility with SDC. The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of PSCu is close to that of SDC. The conductivity of PSCu tested with four‐probe method exhibits a semiconductor‐pseudometal transformation at 400–450 °C, where the maximum conductivity of 103.6 S cm−1 is obtained. The polarization test indicates the area specific resistance (ASR) of PSCu decreases with increasing temperature, reaching 0.11 Ω cm2 at 800 °C. The activation energy of oxygen reduction reaction during 600–800 °C is 1.19 eV. The single fuel cell performance test reveals the open circuit voltage (OCV) and resistivity of PSCu reduce with increasing temperature, but the power density ascends with increasing temperature. The maximal power density is 243 mW cm−2 at 800 °C, and the corresponding current density and OCV are 633 mA cm−2 and 0.77 V, respectively.
Impact of Accelerated Stress Tests on High Temperature PEMFC Degradation
Authors: Schonvogel D. , Rastedt M. , Wagner P. , Wark M. , Dyck A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAccelerated stress tests (ASTs) have been used to provoke and investigate degradation mechanisms inside commercial high temperature proton exchange membrane electrode assemblies based on phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI). A novel load cycling test using high current densities of 0.6 and 1.0 A cm−2 has been developed and compared with a test utilizing lower current densities between 0.0 and 0.3 A cm−2. A high comparability is ensured by testing membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) from the same supplier and batch under identical test conditions. Next to daily electrochemical characterization (polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, linear sweep and cyclic voltammetry), ex situ investigations including product water analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS) and micro‐computed tomography (µ‐CT) as a powerful 3D imaging tool have been carried out. Clear demarcations of AST consequences for cell ageing have been identified. Especially, differences in platinum catalyst degradation and in loss of phosphoric acid as electrolyte over AST time have been revealed. Furthermore, influences of electrochemical characterization on MEA performance have been shown, which should be considered in future durability tests of fuel cells.
Microscopic mechanism for enhanced coal bed methane recovery and outburst elimination by hydraulic slotting: A case study in Yangliu mine, China
Authors: Liu Ting , Lin Baiquan , Zou Quanle , Zhu Chuanjie 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCoal bed methane (CBM) is a clean, efficient, and environmentally friendly energy, and its efficient exploitation can meet the growing demand for energy worldwide. Besides, methane (CH4) is a greenhouse gas (GHG) and is 25–72 times more powerful than carbon dioxide (CO2) in inducing global warming. With regard to the mining industry, CBM is regarded as a major hazard resource, as its inadequate management or control may lead to serious coalmine accidents. In China, gas drainage is the main measure adopted to resolve this problem. However, because the coal seams in China are characterized by low permeability, it is difficult to drain the gas contained in coal mass. Therefore, measures must be taken to reconstruct the coal reservoir to enhance coal seam permeability. In China, hydraulic slotting has been widely accepted and applied in coal mine engineering owing to its permeability‐enhancement effect. In this work, based on our previous research, we systematically elaborate the mechanisms of permeability enhancement and elimination of coal and gas outburst by hydraulic slotting from microscopic perspectives. To examine the rationality and practicability of the research results and the permeability‐enhancement effect of hydraulic slotting, a field experiment was conducted and the monitoring results were analyzed. Our results show that the gas flow rate and concentration in the slotted boreholes are significantly higher than those in the conventional boreholes. In addition, the time required by the slotted borehole to eliminate the outburst is 72.41% less than that needed by the conventional borehole. The practice in Yangliu coalmine could be extended to other coal mines with similar reservoir conditions. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Pharmaceutical Company Corruption and the Moral Crisis in Medicine
Authors: Batt Sharon 
Published: February 2016

AbstractA much‐debated series of articles in the New England Journal of Medicine in May 2015 labeled the pharmaceutical industry's critics “pharmascolds.” Having followed the debate for two decades, I count myself among the scolds. The weight of the evidence overwhelmingly supports the claim that pharmaceutical policy no longer serves the public interest; the central questions now are how this happened and what to do about it. I approached three of the most recent books on the industry with these questions in mind. Deadly Medicine and Organized Crime (CRC Press, 2013), by Peter Gøtzsche, Bad Pharma (Faber & Faber, 2013), by Ben Goldacre, and Good Pharma (Palgrave MacMillan, 2015), by Donald Light and Antonio Maturo, all situate their critical assessments in high‐income countries globally, depicting the problem of pharmaceuticals as too many drugs approved with too little evidence, causing too many needless deaths, and prices spiraling to heights unimaginable just a decade ago. Light and Maturo, while no less critical of the status quo than Gøtzsche and Goldacre, take a different tack: they detail the success of an alternative model for pharmaceutical research, the Mario Negri Institute in Italy, citing it as proof positive that we can indeed defy capitalism's profit imperative.
Bihemispheric network dynamics coordinating vocal feedback control
Authors: Kort Naomi S. , Cuesta Pablo , Houde John F. , Nagarajan Srikantan S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractModulation of vocal pitch is a key speech feature that conveys important linguistic and affective information. Auditory feedback is used to monitor and maintain pitch. We examined induced neural high gamma power (HGP) (65–150 Hz) using magnetoencephalography during pitch feedback control. Participants phonated into a microphone while hearing their auditory feedback through headphones. During each phonation, a single real‐time 400 ms pitch shift was applied to the auditory feedback. Participants compensated by rapidly changing their pitch to oppose the pitch shifts. This behavioral change required coordination of the neural speech motor control network, including integration of auditory and somatosensory feedback to initiate change in motor plans. We found increases in HGP across both hemispheres within 200 ms of pitch shifts, covering left sensory and right premotor, parietal, temporal, and frontal regions, involved in sensory detection and processing of the pitch shift. Later responses to pitch shifts (200–300 ms) were right dominant, in parietal, frontal, and temporal regions. Timing of activity in these regions indicates their role in coordinating motor change and detecting and processing of the sensory consequences of this change. Subtracting out cortical responses during passive listening to recordings of the phonations isolated HGP increases specific to speech production, highlighting right parietal and premotor cortex, and left posterior temporal cortex involvement in the motor response. Correlation of HGP with behavioral compensation demonstrated right frontal region involvement in modulating participant's compensatory response. This study highlights the bihemispheric sensorimotor cortical network involvement in auditory feedback‐based control of vocal pitch. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1474‐1485, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cortical morphometry in frontoparietal and default mode networks in math‐gifted adolescents
Authors: Navas‐Sánchez Francisco J. , Carmona Susana , Alemán‐Gómez Yasser , Sánchez‐González Javier , Guzmán‐de‐Villoria Juan , Franco Carolina , Robles Olalla , Arango Celso , Desco Manuel 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMath‐gifted subjects are characterized by above‐age performance in intelligence tests, exceptional creativity, and high task commitment. Neuroimaging studies reveal enhanced functional brain organization and white matter microstructure in the frontoparietal executive network of math‐gifted individuals. However, the cortical morphometry of these subjects remains largely unknown. The main goal of this study was to compare the cortical morphometry of math‐gifted adolescents with that of an age‐ and IQ‐matched control group. We used surface‐based methods to perform a vertex‐wise analysis of cortical thickness and surface area. Our results show that math‐gifted adolescents present a thinner cortex and a larger surface area in key regions of the frontoparietal and default mode networks, which are involved in executive processing and creative thinking, respectively. The combination of reduced cortical thickness and larger surface area suggests above‐age neural maturation of these networks in math‐gifted individuals. Hum Brain Mapp 37:1893–1902, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Phase II study of erlotinib and docetaxel with concurrent intensity‐modulated radiotherapy in locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yao Min , Woods Charles , Lavertu Pierre , Fu Pingfu , Gibson Michael , Rezaee Rod , Zender Chad , Wasman Jay , Sharma Neelesh , Machtay Mitchell , Savvides Panayiotis 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to establish the efficacy and toxicities of concurrent erlotinib and docetaxel with intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).MethodsPatients received daily erlotinib for 2 weeks, followed by daily IMRT with concurrent weekly docetaxel and daily erlotinib, followed by daily erlotinib for up to 2 years. The primary objective was disease‐free survival (DFS). Secondary objectives included overall survival (OS), patterns of failure, and toxicities. Forty‐three patients were recruited for this study.ResultsWith a median follow‐up of 48.7 months, the 3‐year DFS, OS, locoregional failure‐free survival, and distant metastasis‐free survival was 69.5%, 81%, 82.4%, and 83.7%, respectively. The most common grade III/IV local toxicities were dysphagia, dermatitis, and mucositis. Patients with p16‐positive tumors had significantly better outcomes.ConclusionThe regimen is tolerable and effective. It is worthy of further investigation in selected patients and may be useful in patients who cannot tolerate cisplatin. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1770–E1776, 2016
Targeting irradiation‐induced mitogen‐activated protein kinase activation in vitro and in an ex vivo model for human head and neck cancer
Authors: Affolter Annette , Muller Marie‐France , Sommer Katharina , Stenzinger Albrecht , Zaoui Karim , Lorenz Katja , Wolf Thomas , Sharma Sarika , Wolf Janina , Perner Sven , Weber Klaus‐Josef , Freier Kolja , Plinkert Peter K. , Hess Jochen , Weichert Wilko 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundDespite new radiotherapeutic strategies, radioresistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remains a major problem. Preclinical model systems are needed to identify resistance mechanisms in this heterogeneous entity.MethodsWe elucidated the interplay among mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)‐inhibition, radiation, and p53 mutations in vitro and in a novel ex vivo model derived from vital human HNSCC samples. HNSCC cell lines (p53WT/mut) were treated with the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK)‐inhibitor PD‐0325901 and subsequently irradiated. Radiosensitization was functionally assessed and evaluated in the ex vivo model.ResultsWe observed a pronounced irradiation‐induced extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation in 2 cell lines, which was independent of their p53 mutation status and associated with PD‐0325901‐related radiosensitization in a clonogenic assay. Heterogeneity in irradiation‐induced ERK phosphorylation and in radiosensitization after MEK‐inhibition was also reflected in the ex vivo model.ConclusionWe provide experimental evidence for radiosensitizing effects of PD‐0325901 in HNSCC. The ex vivo culture technology might offer a promising tool for individualized drug efficacy testing. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E2049–E2061, 2016
Development of a rain‐on‐snow detection algorithm using passive microwave radiometry
Authors: Dolant Caroline , Langlois Alexandre , Montpetit Benoit , Brucker Ludovic , Roy Alexandre , Royer Alain 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCurrently observed climate warming in the Arctic has numerous consequences. Of particular relevance, the precipitation regime is modified where mixed and liquid precipitation can occur during the winter season leading to rain‐on‐snow (ROS) events. This phenomenon is responsible for ice crust formation, which has a significant impact on ecosystems (such as biological, hydrological, ecological and physical processes). The spatially and temporally sporadic nature of ROS events makes the phenomenon difficult to monitor using meteorological observations. This paper focuses on the detection of ROS events using passive microwave (PMW) data from a modified brightness temperature (TB) gradient approach at 19 and 37 GHz. The approach presented here was developed empirically for observed ROS events with coincident ground‐based PMW measurements in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It was then tested in Nunavik, Quebec, with the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for the Earth Observing System (AMSR‐E). We obtained a detection accuracy of 57, 71 and 89% for ROS detection for three AMSR‐E grid cells with a maximum error of 7% when considering all omissions and commissions with regard to the total number of AMSR‐E passes throughout the winter period. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Differential Genomic Effects of Six Different TiO2 Nanomaterials on Human Liver HepG2 Cells
Authors: Thai Sheau‐Fung , Wallace Kathleen A. , Jones Carlton P. , Ren Hongzu , Grulke Eric , Castellon Benjamin T. , Crooks James , Kitchin Kirk T. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTHuman HepG2 cells were exposed to six TiO2 nanomaterials (with dry primary particle sizes ranging from 22 to 214 nm, either 0.3, 3, or 30 μg/mL) for 3 days. Some of these canonical pathways changed by nano‐TiO2 in vitro treatments have been already reported in the literature, such as NRF2‐mediated stress response, fatty acid metabolism, cell cycle and apoptosis, immune response, cholesterol biosynthesis, and glycolysis. But this genomic study also revealed some novel effects such as protein synthesis, protein ubiquitination, hepatic fibrosis, and cancer‐related signaling pathways. More importantly, this genomic analysis of nano‐TiO2 treated HepG2 cells linked some of the in vitro canonical pathways to in vivo adverse outcomes: NRF2‐mediated response pathways to oxidative stress, acute phase response to inflammation, cholesterol biosynthesis to steroid hormones alteration, fatty acid metabolism changes to lipid homeostasis alteration, G2/M cell checkpoint regulation to apoptosis, and hepatic fibrosis/stellate cell activation to liver fibrosis.
Kavain Involvement in LPS‐Induced Signaling Pathways
Authors: Tang Xiaoren , Amar Salomon 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTKavain, a compound extracted from the Kava plant, Piper methysticum, is found to be involved in TNF‐α expression in human and mouse cells via regulation of transcriptional factors such as NF‐kB and LITAF. LITAF is known to activate the transcription of more than 20 cytokines that are involved in a variety of cellular processes and is associated with many inflammatory diseases, including angiogenesis, cancer, arthritis, and more. The modulation of LITAF is expected to positively affect cytokine‐mediated diseases. Thus, intensive efforts have been deployed in search of LITAF inhibitors. In this work, we found that, in vitro, Kavain reduced LPS‐ induced TNF‐α secretion in mouse macrophages, mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMM), and human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (HPBMC). We also found that Kavain treatment in RAW264.7 cells deactivated MyD88 and Akt, inhibited LITAF, and reduced the production of TNF‐α, IL‐27, and MIG in response to LPS. Similarly, it had a significant in vivo anti‐inflammatory effect on wild‐type (WT) mice that developed Collagen Antibody Induced Arthritis (CAIA). Overall, MyD88 was found to be an important mediator of the LPS‐induced inflammatory response that can be distinguished from the NF‐κB pathway. We also found that MyD88 is involved in the pathway linking LPS/LITAF to TNF‐α. Therefore, given that Kavain modulates LPS‐induced signaling pathways leading to cytokine expression, therapeutic interventions involving Kavain in inflammatory diseases are warranted. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 2272–2280, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Impact of regionalized care on concordance of plan and preventable adverse events on general medicine services
Authors: Mueller Stephanie K. , Schnipper Jeffrey L. , Giannelli Kyla , Roy Christopher L. , Boxer Robert 
Published: February 2016

BACKGROUNDDispersion of inpatient care teams across different medical units impedes effective team communication, potentially leading to adverse events (AEs).OBJECTIVETo regionalize 3 inpatient general medical teams to nursing units and examine the association with communication and preventable AEs.DESIGNPre‐post cohort analysis.SETTINGA 700‐bed academic medical center.PATIENTSGeneral medicine patients on any of the participating nursing units before and after implementation of regionalized care.INTERVENTIONRegionalizing 3 general medical physician teams to 3 corresponding nursing units.MEASUREMENTSConcordance of patient care plan between nurse and intern, and adjusted odds of preventable AEs.RESULTSOf the 414 included nurse and intern paired surveys, there were no significant differences pre‐ versus postregionalization in total mean concordance scores (0.65 vs 0.67, P = 0.26), but there was significant improvement in agreement on expected discharge date (0.56 vs 0.68, P = 0.003), knowledge of the other provider's name (0.56 vs 0.86,P < 0.001), and daily care plan discussions (0.73 vs 0.88, P < 0.001). Of the 392 reviewed patient medical records, there was no significant difference in the adjusted odds of preventable AEs pre‐ versus postregionalization (adjusted odds ratio: 1.37, 95% confidence interval: 0.69, 2.69).CONCLUSIONSWe found that regionalization of care teams improved recognition of care team members, discussion of daily care plan, and agreement on estimated discharge date, but did not significantly improve nurse and physician concordance of the care plan or reduce the odds of preventable AEs. Our findings suggest that regionalization alone may be insufficient to effectively promote communication and lead to patient safety improvements. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016;11:620–627. © 2016 Society of Hospital Medicine
Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma: Is there a correlation with flow and perfusion metrics obtained with dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI?
Authors: Hectors Stefanie J. , Wagner Mathilde , Besa Cecilia , Bane Octavia , Dyvorne Hadrien A. , Fiel M. Isabel , Zhu Hongfa , Donovan Michael , Taouli Bachir 
Published: February 2016

PurposeTo assess the correlation between intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion‐weighted imaging (IVIM‐DWI) and dynamic contrast‐enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE‐MRI) metrics in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver parenchyma.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐five patients with HCC (M/F 23/2, mean age 58 years) underwent abdominal MRI at 1.5 or 3.0T, including IVIM‐DWI (with 16 b‐values) and DCE‐MRI (3D FLASH sequence, mean temporal resolution of 2.3 sec). IVIM‐DWI parameters (pseudodiffusion coefficient, D*, diffusion coefficient, D, and perfusion fraction, PF) were quantified in HCC lesions and liver parenchyma using a Bayesian fitting algorithm. DCE‐MRI parameters (arterial flow, Fa, portal flow, Fp, total flow, Ft, mean transit time, MTT, distribution volume, DV, and arterial fraction, ART) were quantified using a dual‐input single‐compartment model. Correlations between IVIM‐DWI and DCE‐MRI parameters were assessed using a Spearman correlation test.ResultsThirty‐three HCC lesions (average size 5.0 ± 3.6 cm) were analyzed. D, D*, and PF were all significantly lower in HCC vs. liver (P < 0.05). Significantly higher Fa and ART and lower Fp were observed in HCC vs. liver (P < 0.001). Significant moderate to strong negative correlations were observed between ART and D* (r = −0.443, P = 0.028), ART and PF (r = −0.536, P = 0.006), ART and PFxD* (r = −0.655, P < 0.001), Fa and PF (r = 0.455, P = 0.023), and Fa and PFxD* (r = −0.475, P = 0.018) in liver parenchyma. There was no significant correlation between IVIM‐DWI and DCE‐MRI metrics in HCC lesions.ConclusionIVIM‐DWI and DCE‐MRI provide nonredundant information in HCC, while they correlate in liver parenchyma. These findings may be secondary to predominant portal inflow in the liver and tortuous vasculature and tissue heterogeneity in tumors. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;44:856–864.
Simultaneous multislice diffusion‐weighted MRI of the liver: Analysis of different breathing schemes in comparison to standard sequences
Authors: Taron Jana , Martirosian Petros , Erb Michael , Kuestner Thomas , Schwenzer Nina F. , Schmidt Holger , Honndorf Valerie S. , Weiβ Jakob , Notohamiprodjo Mike , Nikolaou Konstantin , Schraml Christina 
Published: February 2016

PurposeTo systematically evaluate image characteristics of simultaneous‐multislice (SMS)‐accelerated diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI) of the liver using different breathing schemes in comparison to standard sequences.Materials and MethodsDWI of the liver was performed in 10 healthy volunteers and 12 patients at 1.5T using an SMS‐accelerated echo planar imaging sequence performed with respiratory‐triggering and free breathing (SMS‐RT, SMS‐FB). Standard DWI sequences served as reference (STD‐RT, STD‐FB). Reduction of scan time by SMS‐acceleration was measured. Image characteristics of SMS‐DWI and STD‐DWI with both breathing schemes were analyzed quantitatively (apparent diffusion coefficient [ADC], signal‐to‐noise ratio [SNR]) and qualitatively (5‐point Likert scale, 5 = excellent). Qualitative and quantitative parameters were compared using Friedman test and Dunn‐Bonferroni post‐hoc method with P‐values < 0.05 considered statistically significant.ResultsSMS‐DWI provided diagnostic image quality in volunteers and patients both with RT and FB with a reduction of scan time of 70% (0:56 vs. 3:20 min in FB). Overall image quality did not significantly differ between FB and RT acquisition in both STD and SMS sequences (median STD‐RT 5.0, STD‐FB 4.5, SMS‐RT: 4.75; SMS‐FB: 4.5; P = 0.294). SNR in the right hepatic lobe was comparable between the four tested sequences. ADC values were significantly lower in SMS‐DWI compared to STD‐DWI irrespective of the breathing scheme (1.2 ± 0.2 × 10‐3 mm2/s vs. 1.0 ± 0.2 × 10‐3 mm2/s; P < 0.001).ConclusionSMS‐acceleration provides considerable scan time reduction for hepatic DWI with equivalent image quality compared to the STD technique both using RT and FB. Discrepancies in ADC between STD‐DWI and SMS‐DWI need to be considered when transferring the SMS technique to clinical routine reading. J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2016;44:865–879.