bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods for the detection and serum depletion of porcine galectin‐3
Authors: Eliaz Isaac , Patil Aarti , Navarro‐Alvarez Nalu , Wang Zhirui , Eliaz Amity , Weil Elaine , Wilk Barry , Sachs David H. , Huang Christene A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundCirculating galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) is elevated in systemic inflammatory disorders, fibrotic diseases, and in cancers. Gal‐3 is a promising cancer target where it promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis, as well as in renal, pulmonary, hepatic, and cardiovascular diseases, because of its role as a driver of fibrotic remodeling. This reports goal was to establish methods for the detection and removal of porcine Gal‐3 that will enable further studies of the therapeutic potential of Gal‐3 depletion by apheresis in porcine disease models. The long‐term aim is to develop a safe, effective method of removing Gal‐3 via apheresis as a standalone therapeutic tool and as an adjuvant to other therapies.MethodsPurified recombinant porcine Gal‐3 was prepared and used as the standard for development of a porcine Gal‐3 enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Different affinity column matrices that incorporated either a rat IgG2a anti‐Gal‐3 monoclonal antibody or carbohydrate ligand were assessed for depletion of Gal‐3 from porcine serum.ResultsA porcine Gal‐3 ELISA with a linear range from 0.3 to 20 ng/mL was able to detect native porcine Gal‐3 in both fetal (∼150–200 ng/mL) and juvenile (∼5–15 ng/mL) porcine serum samples. Use of an anti‐Gal‐3 monoclonal antibody affinity column depleted Gal‐3 from porcine serum to at least 313 pg/mL, the limit of ELISA detection.ConclusionsMethods have been developed for the detection and depletion of porcine Gal‐3. These methods will be used to study the specific effects of Gal‐3 depletion via apheresis in porcine models of disease.
Mental Health Conditions and Substance Use Among American Indians From Eastern Tribes
Authors: Ni Chung‐Fan , Harrington Corinne E. , Wilkins‐Turner Felicia 
Published: January 2017

This study examined the differences in mental health and substance use by gender and across education levels of 634 American Indians from 4 eastern tribes. Multivariate analysis of variance indicated that men self‐rated significantly better mental health but binge drank and used illicit drugs more often compared with women. Participants with a post–high school degree had significantly better mental health than those without a high school diploma. As education increased, cigarette smoking significantly decreased. Implications for culturally appropriate interventions are discussed.Este estudio examinó las diferencias en salud mental y abuso de sustancias entre distintos sexos y niveles de educación de 634 indios americanos de 4 tribus del este. El análisis multivariante de la varianza indicó que los hombres autoevaluaron su salud mental como significativamente mejor, pero consumían alcohol en exceso y usaban drogas ilícitas con más frecuencia que las mujeres. Los participantes con un grado superior a la enseñanza secundaria tenían una salud mental significativamente mejor que aquellos que no terminaron la enseñanza secundaria. A niveles educativos mayores, la incidencia de fumadores disminuyó significativamente. Se discuten implicaciones para intervenciones culturalmente apropiadas.
Acculturation, Enculturation, Perceived Racism, and Psychological Symptoms Among Asian American College Students
Authors: Alamilla Saul G. , Kim Bryan S. K. , Walker Tamisha , Sisson Frederick Riley 
Published: January 2017

This study examined the potential moderating influences of behavioral and values acculturation and enculturation in a sample of 113 Asian Americans. Findings from regression analyses revealed that acculturation to European American cultural values, alone and in interaction with perceived racism, was related to less psychological symptoms, whereas enculturation to Asian American values alone was associated with more psychological symptoms. Findings, which partially supported the authors' hypotheses, are discussed in light of the cultural adaptation literature.Este estudio examinó las potenciales influencias moderadoras de la aculturación y enculturación de comportamiento y valores en una muestra de 113 americanos asiáticos. Los resultados de análisis de regresión revelaron que la aculturación a los valores culturales euro‐americanos, por sí sola y en interacción con el racismo percibido, estaba relacionada con una menor incidencia de síntomas psicológicos, mientras que la enculturación a los valores asiático‐americanos por sí sola estaba relacionada con una mayor incidencia de síntomas psicológicos. Los resultados, que confirmaron parcialmente nuestras hipótesis, se discuten teniendo en cuenta la literatura sobre adaptación cultural.
Netrin‐1 overexpression improves neurobehavioral outcomes and reduces infarct size via inhibition of the notch1 pathway following experimental stroke
Authors: Yang Xiaosheng , Li Shiting , Li Bin , Wang Xiaoqiang , Sun Chongran , Qin Haiqiang , Sun Hui 
Published: January 2017

AbstractStroke is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Administration of Netrin‐1 during the peri‐infarct period has been shown to decrease infarct size in rats; however, the underlying mechanism is unclear. We addressed this question in the present study by inducing stroke in rats via middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), and evaluating the effects of Netrin‐1 treatment by neurobehavioral testing, immunocytochemistry, and western blotting. Netrin‐1 overexpression increased neurobehavioral test scores and reduced cerebral infarct volume following MCAO via inhibition of the Notch1 signaling pathway. These results demonstrate that early administration of Netrin‐1 can is an effective therapeutic approach for improving outcome after stroke. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Deglaciation of Boknafjorden, south‐western Norway
Authors: Gump Dale J. , Briner Jason P. , Mangerud Jan , Svendsen John Inge 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTWe present 30 10Be ages from glacial erratic boulders to constrain the deglaciation of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet in the Boknafjorden region, south‐western Norway. The southern part of the island Karmøy, located at the mouth of this fjord system, became free of glacier ice before 16 ka, probably because of the sudden break up of the Norwegian Channel Ice Stream at 20–18 ka. The ice sheet margin then stabilized at the fjord mouth until a second retreat phase commenced at or slightly before 16 ka. A calving bay developed in Boknafjorden after 16 ka, and in the course of the next millennium the ice front retreated to the inner fjord branches. In contrast, a major outlet glacier that filled the Hardangerfjorden farther to the north did not start to retreat from the fjord mouth until after 15 ka, probably in response to the Bølling warming. Thus, not only did Boknafjorden experience major retreat before Bølling warmth, but there was a variable response of south‐western fjord glaciers in Norway consistent with prior observations of non‐climatic forcing of marine‐terminating outlet glaciers.
Raman study of structural transformations in self‐assembled diphenylalanine nanotubes at elevated temperatures
Authors: Zelenovskiy Pavel S. , Davydov Anton O. , Krylov Alexander S. , Kholkin Andrei L. 
Published: January 2017

Self‐assembled peptide diphenylalanine (NH2‐Phe‐Phe‐COOH, FF) is one of the most important emergent functional materials, demonstrating wide range of fascinating physical and chemical properties including biocompatibility, chemical variability, exceptional rigidity, outstanding piezoelectric, pyroelectric and ferroelectric responses. Up to now, the phase transitions in FF nanotubes were investigated by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry and mass spectroscopy. The Raman spectroscopy was implemented at room temperature only, and the microscopic details of these transitions remained unknown. In this work, the structural transformations in FF nanotubes at elevated temperatures (up to tubes destruction at 160 °C) were studied by Raman spectroscopy. Two structural transformations were observed in this region: hexagonal to orthorhombic transition at about 100 °C and the cyclization of FF molecules at about 150 °C. For the first time, these transformations were considered in the context of reconstruction of the water subsystem in the nanotubes, thus demonstrating the strong relation between the peptide tube and the state of the water inside. Using an effective frequency of nanotubes' lattice vibrations, we found that many effects observed earlier by other methods are induced by the variation of the water subsystem. The analysis of certain lines in the middle part of the Raman spectrum allowed us to describe the microscopic details of FF molecule cyclization. These results improve the understanding of the role of water in the origin of outstanding properties of FF nanotubes and thus promote developing new functional devices on their basis. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tough, Semisynthetic Hydrogels for Adipose Derived Stem Cell Delivery for Chondral Defect Repair
Authors: Anjum Fraz , Carroll Andrew , Young Stuart A. , Flynn Lauren E. , Amsden Brian G. 
Published: January 2017

Cell‐based therapies have great potential to regenerate and repair injured articular cartilage, and a range of synthetic and natural polymer‐based hydrogels have been used in combination with stem cells and growth factors for this purpose. Although the hydrogel scaffolds developed to date possess many favorable characteristics, achieving the required mechanical properties has remained a challenge. A hydrogel system with tunable mechanical properties, composed of a mixture of natural and synthetic polymers, and its use for the encapsulation of adipose derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) is described. Solutions of methacrylated chondroitin sulfate (MCS) are mixed with solutions of acrylate‐poly(trimethylene carbonate)‐b‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐b‐poly(trimethylene carbonate)‐acrylate (PEG‐(PTMC‐A)2) in phosphate buffered saline and crosslinked via thermally initiated free radical polymerization. The hydrogel compressive equilibrium moduli and toughness are readily tailored by varying the concentration of the pre‐polymers, as well as the molecular weight of the PEG used to prepare the PEG‐(PTMC‐A)2. Two peptide sequences, GVOGEA and GGGGRGDS, are individually conjugated to the MCS to facilitate cell binding. The presence of the peptide ligands yields high ASC viability and long term metabolic activity following encapsulation in hydrogels prepared using the thermal initiator system. Overall, these hydrogels show promise as a minimally invasive ASC delivery strategy for chondral defect repair.
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The Impact of Perceived Visual Complexity of Mobile Online Shops on User's Satisfaction
Authors: Sohn Stefanie , Seegebarth Barbara , Moritz Madleen 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe use of Internet‐enabled mobile devices (i.e., smartphones and tablets) for shopping purposes has gained in relevance among consumers. As mobile technologies become increasingly powerful, richer modes of presentation (e.g., videos and animated pictures) are used to design mobile online shops resulting in increased visual complexity. Given the importance of fluent mobile web site processing during typically short interactive sessions and the need to bridge a gap in prior research, this article explores the effects of perceived visual complexity on consumers’ perceptions and behavior‐related intentions when using mobile online shops. The findings from two empirical studies (i.e., an online survey and an experimental study) conducted among mobile device‐using online shoppers illustrate that perceived visual complexity negatively influences individuals’ satisfaction with their mobile shopping experience, whereas their channel‐specific satisfaction enhances their loyalty to the online retailer. Customers’ perceived psychological costs (i.e., time and effort costs as well as spatial crowding perceptions) partially mediate the relationship between visual complexity perceptions and satisfaction. As the results of the laboratory experiment show, the mediating role of perceived spatial crowding in the relationship between perceived visual complexity and satisfaction depends on the mobile device individuals use to visit an online shop. Hence, this relationship is mediated by perceptions of spatial crowding only when online shop visitors use a smartphone rather than a tablet.
To “Free” or Not to “Free”: Trait Predictors of Mobile App Purchasing Tendencies
Authors: Dinsmore John B. , Swani Kunal , Dugan Riley G. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis research is the first to examine the relationship between personality traits and mobile application (app) purchasing tendencies, specifically the tendency to pay for apps when free alternatives are available (Mobile App Payment), and the tendency to make In‐App Purchases. A hierarchical model of personality traits was tested via structural equation modeling with 257 U.S. college students who own and use mobile devices. The study provides robust evidence that bargain proneness positively influences both Mobile App Payment and In‐App Purchases, with need for arousal positively influencing Mobile App Payment. Additionally, frugality negatively influences both Mobile App Payment and In‐App Purchases. Indirect or mediated effects of extraversion and need for arousal on mobile app purchasing tendencies were also found. Finally, managerial and theoretical implications are discussed.
Outpatient Treatment of Tic Disorders Among Children and Adults
Authors: Smith Joseph L. , Gregory Sean , McBride Nicole , Murphy Tanya K. , Storch Eric A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionLimited information is available regarding treatment practices in applied settings for children and adults with tic disorders (TDs). We describe, for the first time, the treatment of TDs in U.S. children and adults in the outpatient setting.MethodsData from the 2003–2010 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Care Survey were used. Descriptive statistics for modality of treatment and class of pharmacological medications were reported by patient and visit characteristics. Separate multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine associations between patient and visit characteristics and classes of medications prescribed.ResultsOne third (n = 99) of the sample did not receive any psychiatric or psychological treatment. Nearly two‐thirds received a psychotropic medication. The most common class of medication was alpha‐2 agonists (25%), followed by stimulants (23%), serotonin‐reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) (19%), atypical antipsychotics (18%), anxiolytics (14%), anticonvulsants (11%), and typical antipsychotics (8%). Comorbid disorders and chronicity of problems were significantly associated with the receipt of certain classes of medications. Relatively few patients (18%) received psychotherapy.ConclusionsIf the decision is made to treat tic disorders, the choice of medication is dependent on the primary complaints, severity, chronicity, and the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders. In general, comorbid externalizing, anxiety and mood disorders appear to influence treatment decisions in addition to TDs.
Germ cell tumors: Insights from the Drosophila ovary and the mouse testis
Authors: Salz Helen K. , Dawson Emily P. , Heaney Jason D. 
Published: January 2017

SUMMARYOvarian and testicular germ cell tumors of young adults are thought to arise from defects in germ cell development, but the molecular mechanisms underlying malignant transformation are poorly understood. In this review, we focus on the biology of germ cell tumor formation in the Drosophila ovary and the mouse testis, for which evidence supports common underlying mechanisms, such as blocking initiation into the differentiation pathway, impaired lineage progression, and sexual identity instability. We then discuss how these concepts inform our understanding of the disease in humans. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 84: 200–211, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Rapid and fulminant leptomeningeal spread following radiotherapy in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
Authors: Tinkle Christopher L. , Orr Brent A. , Lucas John T. , Klimo Paul , Patay Zoltan , Baker Suzanne J. , Broniscer Alberto , Qaddoumi Ibrahim 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA 4‐year‐old male presented with rapid‐onset cranial nerve palsy and ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a pontine mass lesion with discordant conventional and advanced imaging. A stereotactic core biopsy revealed glioblastoma with immunostaining suggestive of histone H3K27M and TP53 mutation, consistent with diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma. MRI 3 months after radiotherapy revealed extensive new leptomeningeal metastatic disease involving both the supra‐ and infratentorial brain, as well as the imaged portion of the spine. Tissue procured at the time of needle biopsy has undergone striking in vivo expansion as an orthotopic xenograft.
Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescent Polymers
Authors: Xie Yujun , Li Zhen 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe development of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) based on fluorescent materials has made a great progress in improving light emitting efficiency and full range colors. But it still encounters the low singlet excitons generation ratio of 25% in device. As a solution to this problem, thermally activated delayed fluorescent (TADF) materials can convert the triplet excitons to the singlet ones, thus achieve theoretically 100% exciton utilization efficiency. Up to now, the small TADF molecules have achieved great breakthrough in realizing high external quantum efficiency and full color range including blue, green, and red. While the OLED devices based on macromolecules possess the inherent advantages of simplicity and lower cost in the rapid deposition of large areas at room temperature, especially on large flexible substrates, it is still relatively difficult to realize TADF effect in macromolecules, although several reports have partially confirmed them promising candidates for practical applications. This review summarizes the recent progress in the field of TADF polymers and their device performances in OLEDs, and also gives some outlooks for the further exploration in this field at the end of this paper. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 575–584
Mechanically Strong and Flexible Hydrolyzed Polymers of Intrinsic Microporosity (PIM‐1) Membranes
Authors: Yong Wai Fen , Chung Tai‐Shung 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA systematic strategy to molecularly design flexible tough hydrolyzed polymers of intrinsic microporosity (hPIM‐1) films from the PIM‐1 polymer is explored in this study. Flexible films can be fabricated from N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) by appropriate hydrolysis conditions. The optimal weight ratio of NaOH/H2O/EtOH in the base‐catalyzed reaction is 0.5/2/2. Because of the highly polar carboxylic acid groups, the resultant hPIM‐1 has a lower water contact angle. The hPIM‐1 has one‐half fractional free volume compared to PIM‐1 which is in good agreement with permeability. Moreover, hPIM‐1 follows as the same dual‐mode sorption model as PIM‐1. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first ever reported flexible hPIM‐1 film in the literature. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2017, 55, 344–354
Dysregulation of cell–cell interactions in brain arteriovenous malformations: A quantitative proteomic study
Authors: Wang Xia , Hao Qiang , Zhao Yuanli , Guo Yi , Ge Wei 
Published: January 2017

PurposeDetailed and exact mechanisms underlying brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) are still clinically confusing. Understanding the quantitative changes in proteins and signaling pathways would provide useful information for clinicians to understand the formation and development of bAVM, guiding individualized treatment strategies. This study was performed to establish a large human bAVM proteome database using tandem mass tag labeling and to detect changes of protein expression and pathways in human bAVM.Experimental designThis study used quantitative 6‐plex tandem mass tag labeling to profile protein changes in bAVM lesions. Integrated bioinformatics analysis was used to classify and identify the altered proteins and relating signaling pathways. Western blot analyzes were used to validate the proteomic data.ResultsOur work established the first human bAVM proteome databases to date. A total of 1264 proteins were identified, and the expression of 316 proteins was significantly differentially expressed, with 249 upregulated proteins. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that the altered proteins had close functional correlations, including integrin cell surface interactions, extracellular matrix organization, and smooth muscle contraction. Three signaling pathways (focal adhesions, tight junctions, and gap junctions), which represent an important arena of cell–cell interactions, were found to be activated in bAVM. The proteomics data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD003289.Conclusion and clinical relevanceCell–cell interactions, including focal adhesions, tight junctions, and gap junctions, were significantly influenced in human bAVM. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underlie bAVM would provide useful information for the development of future therapeutic approaches, guiding possible precise and individual treatment strategies.
Accounting for model error in strong‐constraint 4D‐Var data assimilation
Authors: Howes K. E. , Fowler A. M. , Lawless A. S. 
Published: January 2017

The strong‐constraint formulation of four‐dimensional variational data assimilation (4D‐Var) assumes that the model used in the process perfectly describes the true dynamics of the system. However, this assumption often does not hold and the use of an erroneous model in strong‐constraint 4D‐Var can lead to a sub‐optimal estimation of the initial conditions. We show how the presence of model error can be correctly accounted for in strong constraint 4D‐Var by allowing for errors in both the observations and the model when considering the statistics of the innovation vector. We demonstrate that, when these combined model error and observation‐error statistics are used in place of the standard observation error statistics in the strong‐constraint formulation of 4D‐Var, a statistically more accurate estimate of the initial state is obtained.The calculation of the combined model error and observation‐error statistics requires the specification of model error covariances, which in practice are often unknown. We present a method to estimate the combined statistics from innovation data that does not require explicit specification of the model error covariances. Numerical experiments using the linear advection equation and a simple nonlinear coupled model demonstrate the success of the new methods in reducing the error in the estimate of the initial state, even in the case when only the uncorrelated part of the model error is accounted for.