bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Systematic Dissection of Sequence Elements Controlling σ70 Promoters Using a Genomically-Encoded Multiplexed Reporter Assay inE. coli
Authors: Urtecho Guillaume , Tripp Arielle D. , Insigne Kimberly D. , Kim Hwangbeom , Kosuri Sriram 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPromoters are the key drivers of gene expression and are largely responsible for the regulation of cellular responses to time and environment. InE. coli,decades of studies have revealed most, if not all, of the sequence elements necessary to encode promoter function. Despite our knowledge of these motifs, it is still not possible to predict the strength and regulation of a promoter from primary sequence alone. Here we develop a novel multiplexed assay to study promoter function inE. coliby building a site-specific genomic recombination-mediated cassette exchange (RMCE) system that allows for the facile construction and testing of large libraries of genetic designs integrated into precise genomic locations. We build and test a library of 10,898 σ70 promoter variants consisting of all combinations of a set of eight ‐35 elements, eight ‐10 elements, three UP elements, eight spacers, and eight backgrounds. We find that the ‐35 and ‐10 sequence elements can explain approximately 74% of the variance in promoter strength within our dataset using a simple log-linear statistical model. Simple neural network models explain greater than 95% of the variance in our dataset by capturing nonlinear interactions with the spacer, background, and UP elements.
Majority of choice-related variability in perceptual decisions is present in early sensory cortex
Authors: Morais Michael J. , Michelson Charles D. , Chen Yuzhi , Pillow Jonathan W. , Seidemann Eyal 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWhile performing challenging perceptual tasks such as detecting a barely visible target, our perceptual reports vary across presentations of identical stimuli. This perceptual variability is presumably caused by neural variability in our brains. How much of the neural variability that correlates with the perceptual variability is present in the primary visual cortex (V1), the first cortical processing stage of visual information? To address this question, we recorded neural population responses from V1 using voltage-sensitive dye imaging while monkeys performed a challenging reaction-time visual detection task. We found that V1 population responses in the period leading to the decision correspond more closely to the monkey’s report than to the visual stimulus. These results, together with a simple computational model that allows one to quantify the captured choice-related variability, suggest that most of this variability is present in V1 as additive noise, and that areas downstream to V1 contain relatively little independent choice-related variability.
Identity exploration during the transition to motherhood: facilitating factors and outcomes
Authors: Gross Spector Michal , Cinamon Rachel Gali 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to expand our understanding about the way women shape their career decisions during their transition to motherhood, through the exploration process, its facilitating factors and outcomes.Design/methodology/approachA longitudinal, quantitative method was used to investigate the vocational and maternal exploration processes. Workplace, spousal and family support served as facilitating factors, and vocational decisions and well-being as outcomes. Participants were 326 Israeli women during their transition to motherhood.FindingsSEM analysis revealed a good model fit to the data. Workplace support had a positive effect on maternal exploration. Increased maternal exploration was positively associated with keeping working patterns before motherhood, and negatively associated with well-being.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample of the current study was limited to highly educated Israeli working women.Practical implicationsThe results of the current study can serve career counselors policymakers and organizations in their efforts to encourage first-time mothers to retain their paid work patterns by supporting maternal exploration through creating family-friendly policies.Originality/valueThe current findings have demonstrated that social support factors contribute to the enhancement of the exploration process also in later developmental stages. Furthermore, these findings showed differential effects of managerial support on maternal exploration and vocational exploration.
Innovations in human resource practices: measurement development and validation
Authors: Agarwal Sonal , Chawla Ginni , Singh Rupali 
Published: October 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to develop innovations in human resource (InHR) framework in the context of Indian banking industry and further develop a scale for its measurement.Design/methodology/approachA non-response bias test is conducted on a sample of 300 employees, and the assumptions of constant variance, outliers and normality are tested. Further, the InHR scale is validated through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) tests.FindingsEFA confirms the existence of five empirically distinct constructs at banking industry in India, and CFA affirms the dependability of the arrived constructs. It is concluded that the InHR framework constructs possess high reliability and validity.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors duly recognize the limitations of survey-based research, the exploratory research design and the use of single method.Practical implicationsThe proposed InHR scale and its constructs are an important input to guide managers and human resources (HR) policymakers to devise strategies for the Indian banking industry. Banks can also benchmark existing HR policies by applying the proposed InHR framework constructs.Social implicationsThe InHR constructs provide academicians and practitioners with a better approach of understanding the InHR practices.Originality/valueDespite the significance of Indian banking industry for the socio-economic capital, academic research focusing on this industry’s innovative practices has been limited. This study reveals originality and value by proposing an InHR framework in the context of Indian banking industry which integrates all the major innovative practices. Further a scale has been developed for its measurement.
Antecedents of e-business adoption intention: an empirical study
Authors: Sarmah Bijoylaxmi , Sharma Shreekant , Gupta Shivam 
Published: October 2017

PurposeRecent advances in information and communication technologies has driven emergence and expansion of the internet with decreased computing and communication costs and paved the way for exploring, creating and delivering value to the stakeholders through e-business adoption by the hotel service providers. Keeping this context in mind, this study aims to develop a conceptual model to investigate the antecedent factors of e-business adoption intention among the owners/managers of Indian micro, small and medium hotel enterprises and empirically validates it.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered from micro, small and medium hotel owners/managers with the help online survey method that resulted into 116 usable questionnaires. Structural equation modeling technique was applied to examine the appropriateness of the hypotheses.FindingsFindings reveal that attitude toward e-business, subjective norm and perceived behavioral control positively influences e-business adoption intention among the owners/managers of micro, small and medium hotel enterprises in India.Research limitations/implicationsThe context of this study is micro, small and medium hotel enterprises in India only and thereby limits the generalizability of results to other industry and country context.Practical implicationsThis study offers theoretical and managerial implications to be applied by academicians and micro, small and medium enterprise owners/managers for e-business adoption in Indian hotel industry.Originality valueThis study can be considered as an extension of the study of Crespo and del Bosque (2008) in which they applied the theory of planned behavior to understand the psychological factors that determine e-business adoption among the managers and, thereby, contribute the existing literature, as empirical studies on e-business adoption intention by micro, small and medium hotel enterprises are scantly available.
Relationship between foreign agent operations and performance in SME exporters
Authors: Ahn Se-Hwa 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) foreign agent operations on their international performance. This study thus investigates a mechanism in which market information obtained through agents is interpreted, transformed and applied for decision making and presents outcomes. In particular, the study focuses on the mediating role of adaptive capability on the relationship between market information management and export performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing upon the theories of knowledge-based view and contingency paradigm, a research model is developed for linking the key constructs of foreign agent operations, information management, adaptive capability and performance. Structural equation modeling is applied for testing the model using data collected from a sample of 152 Korean SME exporters.

Findings
The results indicate that a firm’s operation quality of foreign agents strongly affects the quality of market information management which consequently impacts export performance. In the relationship between market information management and export performance, in particular, adaptive capability is found to play a mediating role. This implies that export performance is, for the most part, achieved by the mediation of adaptive capability, although market information leads directly to export performance to some degree. The results also confirm the existence of reciprocal causation between a firm’s export performance and foreign agent operations. The finding suggests that the outcome of SME export performance continues to provide feedback to its operations of foreign agents and consistently influence each other.

Originality/value
This study makes an important contribution to the body of export literature by identifying the mediating effects of adaptive capability on the relationship between market information management and export performance. In addition, the results create a recursive model for SME export performance by verifying the reciprocal relationship between export performance and operating with agents. This study thus helps extend understanding of international operations through foreign agents in the SME context.
Faculty research productivity under alternative appointment types: tenure vs non-tenure track
Authors: Allen Marcus T. , Sweeney Carol A. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The increasing use of non-tenure employment contracting as a cost savings and/or management flexibility increasing mechanism in colleges and universities raises concerns about the impact of this strategy on other aspects of the higher education system. The purpose of this paper is to document reduced research productivity at a university that uses rolling contracts in comparison to research productivity at another university in the same state university system in the USA that uses tenure track contracting.

Design/methodology/approach
Negative binomial regression analysis allows investigation of the primary variable of interest (appointment type) while controlling for other factors that may also affect research productivity.

Findings
The findings suggest that non-tenure track employment contracting may have other long-term implications for institutions of higher education that warrant consideration.

Originality/value
No prior study has investigated the topic of comparative research productivity in business schools using this methodology or data source.
Molecular typing and occurrence of beta‐lactam resistance genes of Shigella sonnei strains isolated from 1983 to 2014 in the São Paulo state of Brazil
Authors: Seribelli Amanda Ap. , Frazão Miliane R. , Medeiros Marta I. Cazentini , Stehling Eliana G. , Falcão Juliana P. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTShigella sonnei, which has generally been associated with dysentery in developed countries, has recently been emerging in developing countries. Specifically, in Brazil few published studies have that molecularly characterized this species. The aims of this study were to analyze the efficacy of typing using multiple‐locus variable‐number tandem‐repeat analysis (MLVA), study the phylogeny by multi‐locus sequence typing (MLST) and assess the presence of some beta‐lactam resistance genes in S. sonnei strains isolated from human diarrhoeic faeces in the São Paulo State in Brazil between 1983 and 2014. Seventy‐two such S. sonnei strains were typed by MLVA and grouped into two clusters. The discrimination index of MLVA was found to be 0.996. Twenty strains were typed by MLST as ST152. In addition, the blaTEM gene was detected in eight (72.7%) of the 11 S. sonnei strains that had previously been shown to be resistant to β‐lactams. However, blaCTX‐M‐1group, blaCTX‐M‐9group and blaSHV genes were not found. MLVA results suggested the existence of two prevalent subtypes in the S. sonnei strains studied, confirming previous results. Moreover, MLVA efficiently discriminated monomorphic S. sonnei species. Because the S. sonnei strains studied belonged to clonal complex 152 and all isolates were typed as ST152, MLST is not a suitable method for studying the population structure of S. sonnei. Although, the rates of β‐lactam resistance were not high in the present study, the frequency of blaTEM may represent a risk for patients receiving antimicrobial treatment. Taken together, the results provide better molecular characterization of this globally clinically important pathogen.
‘Ruins of Modernity’: The Critical Implications of Unfinished Public Works in Italy
Authors: Arboleda Pablo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSince the 1950s, the construction of public works has been a significant element of Italy's focus on modernization. Numerous instances of malpractice have resulted in frequent failures of this form of development, with the result that many projects have remained unfinished for decades. In 2007, a group of artists called Alterazioni Video declared these ‘ruins of modernity’ to be a romanticized architectural style; in doing so, their aim is to imbue the sites with new value and dignity. This article uses the artists’ argument as a point of departure to theorize about unfinished public works within the framework of interdisciplinary literatures on modern ruins. In addition, since modern ruins by definition hold a critical meaning––which the artists deliberately excluded from their narrative––the article takes into account the obscure political and economic circumstances causing this phenomenon. After remarking upon specificities and similarities to unfinished neoliberal topographies generated by the 2008 financial crisis, it is concluded that unfinished public works in Italy represent an interesting case serving to enrich debates on incompletion.
Does Enrollment in High‐Deductible Health Plans Encourage Price Shopping?
Authors: Zhang Xinke , Haviland Amelia , Mehrotra Ateev , Huckfeldt Peter , Wagner Zachary , Sood Neeraj 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate whether enrollment in high‐deductible health plans (HDHPs) led enrollees to choose lower‐priced providers for office visits and laboratory tests.Study SettingClaims data from more than 40 large employers.Study DesignWe compared the change in price for office visits and laboratory tests for enrollees who switched to HDHPs versus enrollees who remained in traditional plans. We estimated separate models for enrollees who changed providers versus those who remained with the same provider to disentangle the effects of HDHPs on provider choice and negotiated prices.Data CollectionClaims data from 2004 to 2010 on 1.8 million enrollees.Principal FindingsAfter enrollment in HDHPs, 28 percent of enrollees changed physicians for office visits (compared to 19 percent in the Traditional Plan group, p < .01); however, this did not result in a statistically significant reduction in price for office visits. About 25 percent of enrollees changed providers for laboratory tests (compared to 23 percent in the Traditional Plan group, p < .01), resulting in savings of about $2.09 or a 12.8 percent reduction in price per laboratory test. We found that HDHPs had lower negotiated prices for office visits but not for laboratory tests.ConclusionsHigh‐deductible health plan enrollment may shift enrollees to lower cost providers, resulting in modest savings.
An Integrated Approach to Mandarin Processing: Food Safety and Nutritional Quality, Consumer Preference, and Nutrient Bioaccessibility
Authors: Putnik Predrag , Barba Francisco J. , Lorenzo Jose Manuel , Gabrić Domagoj , Shpigelman Avi , Cravotto Giancarlo , Bursać Kovačević Danijela 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMandarins are a member of the Citrus genus and are the focus of growing commercial interest, with satsuma mandarins (Citrus unshiu) and the common mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) being the most important mandarin varieties. The possible health benefits and functional properties of those fruits are often associated with the antioxidative function of vitamin C, carotenoids, and phenolic compounds. While most mandarins are consumed fresh, many are processed into juices (mostly cloudy), usually via thermal processing which can lead to the creation of off‐flavors and may diminish nutritional quality. The aim of this review is to summarize the most significant and recent information on the safety, sensorial properties, and nutritional benefits of mandarins and their processing into juice. The article also discusses recent information regarding the bioaccessibility of valuable, mandarin specific, compounds.
Weapon Use in Korean Homicide: Differences Between Homicides Involving Sharp and Blunt Instruments
Authors: Park Jisun , Son Hyeonseo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOn the basis of information regarding 276 homicides committed in South Korea between 1987 and 2008, we compared offenders’ and victims’ characteristics, injury locations, weapon‐related behavior, and offending behavior between homicides involving sharp and blunt instruments. The victims of sharp‐force homicide were much younger relative to those of blunt‐force homicide. In addition, homicides involving blunt instruments were more likely to be committed by offenders who lived with the victims. Most sharp‐force homicides involved injuries to the torso, while blunt‐force homicides involved mainly head injuries. Furthermore, perpetrators of sharp‐force homicides tended to preselect their weapons, while those of blunt‐force homicides were likely to use weapons of opportunity. Logistic regression analysis identified a number of factors, including injury location and body transportation, which significantly predicted weapon type. As this was the first South Korean study to compare sharp‐ and blunt‐force homicides, the results have practical implications for homicide investigations.
Lone Actor Terrorist Attack Planning and Preparation: A Data‐Driven Analysis,
Authors: Schuurman Bart , Bakker Edwin , Gill Paul , Bouhana Noémie 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis article provides an in‐depth assessment of lone actor terrorists’ attack planning and preparation. A codebook of 198 variables related to different aspects of pre‐attack behavior is applied to a sample of 55 lone actor terrorists. Data were drawn from open‐source materials and complemented where possible with primary sources. Most lone actors are not highly lethal or surreptitious attackers. They are generally poor at maintaining operational security, leak their motivations and capabilities in numerous ways, and generally do so months and even years before an attack. Moreover, the “loneness” thought to define this type of terrorism is generally absent; most lone actors uphold social ties that are crucial to their adoption and maintenance of the motivation and capability to commit terrorist violence. The results offer concrete input for those working to detect and prevent this form of terrorism and argue for a re‐evaluation of the “lone actor” concept.
Modeling Changes to Streamflow, Sediment, and Nutrient Loading from Land Use Changes Due to Potential Natural Gas Development
Authors: Hanson Lars , Habicht Steven , Daggupati Prasad , Srinivasan Raghavan , Faeth Paul 
Published: October 2017

AbstractNatural gas development using hydraulic fracturing has many potential environmental impacts, but among the most certain is the land disturbance required to build the well pads and other infrastructure required to drill and extract the gas. We used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model to investigate how natural gas development could impact streamflow and sediment, total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP) loadings in the upper Delaware River Basin (DRB), a relatively undeveloped watershed of 7,950 km2 that lies above the Marcellus Shale formation. If gas development was permitted, our projections show the DRB could experience development of over 600 well pads to extract natural gas at build out, which, with supporting infrastructure (roads, gathering pipelines), could convert over 5,000 ha from existing land uses in the study area. In subbasins with development activity we found sediment, TN, and TP yields could increase by an average of 15, 0.08, and 0.03 kg/ha/yr, respectively (an increase of 2, 3, and 15%, respectively) for each one percent of subbasin land area converted into natural gas infrastructure. At the study area outlet on the Delaware River at Port Jervis, New York, we found increases in the annual average streamflow and sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus loads of up to 0.01, 0.2, 0.2, and 1%, respectively, for a rapid development year, and 0.08, 1.3, 2.0, and 11%, respectively, for the full development scenario. Editor's note: This paper is part of the featured series on SWAT Applications for Emerging Hydrologic and Water Quality Challenges. See the February 2017 issue for the introduction and background to the series.