bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Insight in the characteristics of humic substances with cotton straw derived organic materials amendments
Authors: Song Xiangyun , Fan Yihe , Li Jianwei , Zhang Yan , Liu Xinwei , Hussain Qaiser , Zhang Jinjing , Cui Dejie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Carbon sequestration by application of organic materials and biochar in soil is an important strategy to increase soil organic carbon (SOC), but the stability of SOC, particularly humic substances (HS) vary with the types of organic material. In this study, cotton straw and its derived compost and biochar were added with equivalent carbon content to soil and incubated for 180 days. The structural characteristics of humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and humin (Hu) were investigated using solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results showed that biochar treatment increased the aryl C of HA, FA, and Hu by 1.38%, 1.68%, and 10.46% compared to straw treatment and increased the aryl C of HA, FA, and Hu by 1.46%, 1.99% and 2.01% compared to compost treatment. The O-alkyl C of HA was 10.59% and 10.65% in high biochar/straw and biochar/compost ratios respectively, while it was 9.81% and 9.61% in low biochar/straw and biochar/compost ratios. In addition, the O-alkyl C of FA was 62.83% and 58.48% in high ratios of biochar/straw and biochar/compost, respectively, while it was 55.85% and 55.94% in low ratios of biochar/straw and biochar/compost. These results suggest that biochar is advantageous for aryl C formation of FA and Hu due to its high aryl C content, whereas straw or compost is advantageous for alkyl C formation of HA. The stability of aryl C and O-alkyl C of HA, FA, and Hu can be improved in soils by incorporating biochar in combination with straw or compost.
Optimization of Wind Turbine Location and Sizing for Loss Minimization and Voltage Profile Enhancement Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Rachdi Taha , Saoudi Yahia , Chrifi-Alaoui Larbi , Errachdi Ayachi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Numerous areas of power systems require finding solutions to nonlinear optimization issues, such as, the optimal location of wind turbines. In order to enhance the voltage profile and reduce line power losses. This research suggests two optimization techniques for figuring out the best wind turbine location in a distribution system. The suggested methodology based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and genetic algorithm (GA) techniques to minimize the objective function. These algorithms are applied for IEEE 14 bus distribution system using MATLAB R2010a and the Power System Analysis Toolbox (PSAT). The results indicate that the obtained optimal values of the wind turbine location using particle swarm optimization technique are located at bus numbers 3, 6, 7, and 9, with a reduction in power losses of 85%. Additionally, the voltage profile across the system buses showed significant improvement, maintaining the voltage levels within permissible limits and closer to the nominal values. The genetic algorithm also provided effective results, demonstrating the robustness of both methods in addressing the optimization problem. Overall, this study highlights the potential of GA and PSO in enhancing the efficiency and reliability of power distribution systems by strategically integrating wind turbines. The comparative analysis between the two algorithms provides valuable insights into their performance, convergence characteristics, and computational efficiency, making them viable tools for modern power system optimization
Internal omental hernia: a rare case of small bowel obstruction
Authors: Bochra Rezgui , Anis Ben Dhaou , Morthada Boukhchim , Aymen Mabrouk , emna Ouertani , Moussa Mounir Ben 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:
Internal hernia represents an exceptionally uncommon occurrence of small bowel obstruction, with an incidence rate ranging from 0.2% to 0.9%,and it is associated with a substantial mortality rate of approximately 45%.transomental hernias are exceptionally uncommon, accounting for just 1–4% of all internal hernias. We report a case of a transomental hernia with obstruction due to a strangulated small bowel.
CASE REPORT:
A 67-year-old man patient,presented with symptoms of acute intestinal obstruction characterized by vomiting,and abdominal pain. Abdominal examination revealed abdominal distension with epigastric tenderness. An abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan with contrast enhancement revealed an intestinal obstruction in the right lower quadrant, with the presence of the beak sign, indicatingthe location of the small bowel obstruction (SBO) transition zone. Emergency laparotomy surgery revealed an entrapped segment of the small intestine protruding through a defect in the greater omentum. The entrapped small intestine was successfully freed, and as the ileal segment remained viable, there was no need for bowel resection. The patient remained in the intensive care unit for 15 days,was discharged from the hospital on the 28th day after admission, and experiencedcomplete recovery thereafter.
CONCLUSION:
In cases of acute abdomen suspected to involve internal hernia, the primary task for the surgeon is the prompt identification of acute intestinal obstruction and an immediate recommendation for laparotomy. This approach aims to mitigate the risk of significant postoperative complications, as demonstrated by the current case.
An Anatomization Model for Multiple Sensitive Attributes based on the Domain of Sensitive Values and the Confidence of Data Re-Identification
Authors: Riyana Surapon 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose: An anatomization model is presented in this work. It is proposed to address privacy violation issues in datasets that have multiple sensitive attributes. Both major aims of the proposed model is to balance the data utility and data privacy in datasets when they are released to utilize in the outside scope of the data-collecting organizations.
Methods: To achieve the aims of the proposed model, the sensitive attributes of datasets are separated to be two groups. That is, the nominal and continuous sensitive attributes. With all nominal sensitive attributesi of datasets, the data utility and data privacy are balanced by $C$ as the maximum confidence of data re-identification and the summation of the diameter of the sensitive values that are available in the specified sensitive hierarchy for each nominal sensitive attribute. Another group of sensitive attributes, the continuous sensitive attributes, the data utility and data privacy of each sensitive attribute sx are balanced by Rsx as the minimum confidence range of data re-identification and the summation of the different ranges of all partitions that are available in the datasets. For privacy preservation, before datasets will be released, their tuples are partitioned by considering the values of each sensitive value with C and Rsx. With each nominal sensitive attribute, the summation of sensitive value diameters of all partitions is minimized. With each continuous sensitive attribute, the summation of the different ranges of all partitions must also be minimized. Moreover, every partition is separated into both tables, i.e., the quasi-identifier and sensitive tables, such that each partition of them is utilized by joining the set of its defined tuple identifiers.
Results: The proposed model is evaluated by using extensive experiments. The experimental results indicate that the proposed model is more effective and efficient than the compared models. Moreover, datasets are satisfied by the privacy preservation constraint of the proposed model, they can guarantee the confidence of data re-identification.
Understanding bird-tree interactions in an urban garden of a neotropical city: the role of species traits and site characteristics
Authors: Díaz-Álvarez Edison A. , Colorado-Hernández José L. , Rebolledo Isabel Vega 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Cities represent novel environments in which birds must survive, but in many cases urban planners ignore the importance of urban vegetation, both for human well-being and for biodiversity. For these reasons, with an observational study of birds visiting an orange tree in a family garden, we recorded the species and the number of visits of each, to assess the main factors that determine the number of visits of birds. We recorded 29 species from 16 families visiting the orange tree during four months of observations. Parulidae and Icteridae were the most common families. 12 species were rare, 8 were occasional, 6 were frequent and 3 very frequent. Of the 29 species observed, 11 were observed perching and 18 were observed foraging. The most important trophic guild was the invertivores, represented by 14 species, followed by the omnivores with 10, the frugivores and granivores with two each. Body mass ranged from 3 to 183 gr. 18 species were resident and 11 were migratory. While there was no single parameter that explained the visiting pattern observed in the orange tree, weight, origin and use can be good indicators of the possible species that visit this tree. In addition, the characteristics of the site may also play a role. Although our study is small, it offers detailed insight into bird visiting patterns to a single tree within the urban landscape of a Neotropical city. Future studies should aim to increase the number of observation points throughout the city, especially in family gardens.
For Better or Worse: The Relation between Sexual Functioning and Sexual Behavior Frequency during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic and Social Distancing Measures in a Chilean Sample
Authors: Quintana Gonzalo R. , Santibáñez-Palma Francisco , Escudero-Pastén Javier 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 significantly impacted various aspects of human life, including sexual health and behavior. To date, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, have reported declines in sexual function and variations in sexual behavior during the pandemic, with women generally experiencing a more pronounced negative impact than men. Despite the fact different studies have shown their variations amid the pandemic, a study has yet to establish more detailed on how variations in sexual behavior frequencies correlate with sexual function dimensions. At the same time, there is no account of how the pandemic affected these measures in the Chilean population. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study evaluated how variations in partnered and solo sexual behavior frequencies during the pandemic and their relation with sexual function among 2,555 adult Chilean men, women, and gender non-binary individuals. Results showed decreases in partnered sexual behaviors, like intercourse and dating, were linked to lower sexual function scores, particularly in satisfaction and desire. For women, reduced frequency of most sexual behaviors (i.e., sexting, foreplay, sexual fantasies, masturbation, and sexual intercourse) significantly increased the risk of sexual dysfunction, especially in desire, arousal, and satisfaction. For men, decreased foreplay and intercourse were associated with a higher likelihood of erectile dysfunction and reduced overall sexual satisfaction. In contrast, only men whose frequency of foreplay, sexual fantasies, pornography consumption, and sexual intercourse increased experienced a significantly better sexual function. The magnitude of these changes varied from small to moderate across findings. This research contributes to the growing body of literature on the sexual health consequences of the pandemic, particularly within the Chilean context, and underscoring its value and the preparation of future pandemics.
Decision making methods in Political Economy of health policy in crises: A systematic review for hospitals.
Authors: Farantos Georgios , Karaiskos Christos , Ntounias Christos , Tsialta Fotini , Ntounias Georgios 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: we will attempt to fill an important gap that emerged from the preliminary literature review: Do Decision-making methods in hospitals reach homogeneous conclusions about their application? Methods: For this systematic review, we have searched PubMed, Heal-link, Register PROSPERO and OSF, and forward and backward citations for studies published between databases inceptions and July 30, 2024. The studies we included based on the inclusion criteria we formulated for the search would have no spatial restriction and were searched in English and French. The search was performed with tools according to the JBI Evidence Synthesis Method. We transformed the results and used KNIME software workflows to extract the results. We classified the studies according to their characteristics and extracted correlations between the variables considered. Main findings: the decision methods were classified into three categories according to KNIME's cluster analysis: financial crisis, covid-19, personal crisis. Efficiency measurement is prominent among the decision methods. The most used method is DEA. The results of the research were presented using visualization methods. Discussion: we discussed the heterogeneity among the studies considered found through clustering. We also discussed the extent to which the correlations confirmed the significance and certainty of the questions. Conclusions: the homogeneity or heterogeneity of the studies demonstrated confirmation of the initial hypothesis: decision making methods in hospitals in crisis do not exhibit homogeneity. The conclusions of the study are important for policy makers and have a strong social impact. We believe that the research will open space for further research in the future.
Role of Hyponatremia and Antihypertensives in Falls
Authors: Şirali Semahat Karahisar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Falls in older adults represent a significant public health concern. Specific drug categories represent a significant risk factor for falls, yet there is a paucity of awareness regarding this issue. The use of diuretics in the treatment of hypertension has been associated with an increased risk of complications related to electrolyte imbalance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of hyponatremia and antihypertensives in patients who have experienced a fall.
Methods: The study included a total of 322 patients who had been admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of fall-related injuries. At the time of hospital admission, the following data were recorded: age, gender, presence of disease, medications, presence of fracture, and laboratory values. Two groups, with and without hyponatremia, were compared. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 73.28 years (±14.26), and 60.2 % were female. The use of antihypertensive drugs such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) (p=.037), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE) (p=.045), beta-blocker (p=.041) and ACE+HCT (p=.046) was significantly higher in the group with Na≤135mEq/L than in the group with Na≥136mEq/L. Logistic regression analysis showed that hyponatremia was 2.2 times and female gender was 1.9 times more effective in the occurrence of fracture, furosemide use was 2.2 times, and SSRI use was 1.8 times more effective in the development of hyponatremia.
Conclusion: Careful use of antihypertensives that cause hyponatremia in older adults will be effective in preventing falls and their complications.
Abnormal Anterior Pituitary Hormone Levels and Possible Neuroendocrine Relationships in Females With Hand Osteoarthritis: A Pilot Study.
Authors: Azevedo Mario Newton Leitao , Vaisman Mario , Moss Ingrid Bandeira , Bianchi Breno Valdetaro , Bica Blance Elena Rios Gomes 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background. Hand Osteoarthritis (HOA) presents genetic and hereditary characteristics and related to menopause with inflammatory symptoms.
Aim. To evaluate the anterior pituitary and sexual hormonal profiles of climacteric women with HOA and identify the probable link with hypothalamic commitment of GnRH (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone) and TRH (Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone).
Methodology. A retrospective, controlled trial on climacteric females patients with HOA compared to healthy women, and all submitted to hormonal evaluation by RIA for estradiol (E2), progesterone (PRG), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), parathyroid stimulating hormone (PTH), growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
Results. The groups were homogeneously related to age, menopause onset, and expected climacteric levels of E2, PRG, FSH, ACTH, GH, and PTH; the HOA group, without black patients (p<0.000), presented more abnormal tests than the controls (<0.0000) in 86.4% (95%CI67,2-96.4) of the sample, and related to low levels of LH in 40.9%(95%CI22.1-61.9) and FSH in 9.09%(CI95%1.5-26.9), 45.4%(CI95%25.8-60.1) patients with increased levels of TSH (p<0.000) and 31.8%(CI95%15.1-53.0) with high PRL levels (p = 0.04). The analysis of hypothalamic dependence demonstrated that 50.0% (CI95% 29.7-70.2) of the sample presented low LH/FSH levels related to GnRH and 77.2%(CI95%56.5-01.1) with TSH/PRL levels associated with TRH.
Conclusion. The HOA patients exhibit more hormonal abnormalities than the control group, and trend to sub-clinical syndromes of hypothyroidism, hyperprolactinemia, and hypogonadism hypogonadotropic only related to LH and ovarian hormones, and these findings demonstrated a probable neuroendocrine participation in HOA physiopathology.
Is anterior fusion still necessary in patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures? A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Grin Andrey , Karanadze Vasiliy , Lvov Ivan , Kordonskiy Anton , Talypov Aleksandr 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of anterior, combined approaches, and short-segment pedicle screw fixation (PSF) without fusion in patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures (TLBF).
Methods: A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted. Inclusion criteria comprised articles published between 2004 and 2023, full-text availability in English, burst fractures without spinal cord or nerve root injuries at admission, short-segment PSF without fusion, anterior or combined fusion methods, patients aged 18 or older, and a minimum 12-month follow-up.
Meta-analysis was carried out using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. Using a single-arm meta-analysis method, pooled indicators of short- and long-term outcomes for each studied group were determined. The obtained data were then compared using simple comparison.
Results: The pooled mean Cobb angle at admission for the anterior, combined, and PSF groups was 14.2° (95% CI, 9.7–18.7), 13.2° (95% CI, 10.8–15.7), and 17.1° (95% CI, 15.1–19.1), respectively. Surgery achieved similar levels of kyphosis correction across all groups, but only the PSF group experienced significant correction loss after discharge (SMD = -0.582 [95% CI, -0.810, -0.354]), amounting to 3.7°. The anterior vertebral body compression rate at admission was 54.4% (95% CI, 45.7-63.0) in the combined group and 37.8% (95% CI, 33.7-41.9) in the PSF group.
Operative time, blood loss, and hospitalization duration were lowest in the percutaneous PSF group, with means of 96.5 minutes (95% CI, 82.4–110.6), 83.8 ml (95% CI, 71.7–95.9), and 6.6 days (95% CI, 4.7–8.5), respectively. The anterior approach showed a lower incidence of deep wound infections and implant-related complications. The pooled complication rates or the combined and PSF groups were 6.5% (95% CI, 2.7–14.5) and 5.6% (95% CI, 4.3–7.3), respectively.
The pooled Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores were 17.6 (95% CI, 11.8–23.3) for the anterior group, 15.4 (95% CI, 11.5–19.3) for the combined group, and 13.4 (95% CI, 10.4–16.3) for the PSF group.
Conclusions: For patients with neurologically intact TLBF with a kyphotic angle of less than 19.10 and an anterior vertebral body compression rate of less than 41.9%, anterior fusion can be avoided in favor of short-segment PSF without fusion. When determining the surgical approach, the surgeon should weigh the moderate advantage of anterior fusion in maintaining postoperative correction of kyphotic deformity against its significantly greater surgical trauma. Anterior and combined fusion have not demonstrated advantages over the posterior approach in the ODI during long-term outcomes assessment.
Integrative Methodologies for Evaluating Bidirectional Impacts in University-Community Engagements
Authors: Rojas Fernando 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

University-community engagement represents a critical dimension of higher education institutions’ roles in society, focusing on fostering mutually beneficial partnerships between universities and local communities. This study reviews and synthesizes existing methodologies for evaluating the bidirectional impact of these engagements, emphasizing the need for a comprehensive framework that integrates both quantitative and qualitative analyses. The review identifies key approaches such as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for measuring efficiency, Ex-Post Impact Assessment for quantifying economic, social, and psychological impacts, and Socially Modified Economic Valuation (SMEV) for assessing social value. Furthermore, qualitative methodologies, including Sequential Explanatory Design and Evaluation Capacity Building (ECB), are discussed for their role in capturing the nuanced, context-specific benefits of these engagements. The proposed integrative methodology combines these approaches to provide a holistic evaluation framework that not only measures tangible outcomes but also captures the intangible benefits that contribute to the long-term sustainability of university-community partnerships. The application of this methodology is illustrated through simulated data, demonstrating its utility in real-world contexts. This study underscores the importance of adopting a multifaceted evaluation strategy to accurately assess the impact of university-community engagements and inform future policy development. The findings contribute to the ongoing discourse on enhancing the societal role of universities by ensuring that engagement initiatives are both effective and sustainable.
Nonmoral beliefs are better predictors of moral judgments than moral values
Authors: Beal Bree Laran , Rottman Joshua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Moral psychologists typically explain moral cognition by invoking abstract moral values like fairness and loyalty. We argue that this approach is inadequate, particularly in accounting for moral disagreements between people who share similar values. Our new paradigm addresses this problem by instead modeling moral cognition as a function of relevant nonmoral beliefs. One hypothesis stemming from this “Is→Ought” model is that relevant beliefs will predict moral judgments on controversial issues better than abstract moral values like the “moral foundations”. We found strong support for this hypothesis: Across two studies of U.S. adults (N = 361), nonmoral beliefs outperformed values in predicting moral judgments on each of eight controversial topics. When controlling for political affiliation, relevant beliefs were the only robust predictors. These findings support the view that people’s moral divisions are determined not, as presently assumed, by their values, but instead by their different views on relevant details.