bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Let's talk about sleep: a systematic review of psychological interventions to improve sleep in college students
Authors: Friedrich Anja , Schlarb Angelika A. 
Published: June 2017

SummarySleep problems are a common occurrence in college students. Insomnia, nightmares and impaired sleep quality lead to several mental health issues, as well as impaired academic performance. Although different sleep programmes exist, a systematic overview comparing their effectiveness is still missing. This systematic review aims to provide an overview of psychological interventions to improve sleep in college students. Seven databases were searched from November to December 2016 (MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cinahl, Cochrane Library, PubMed, OpenSigle). The search string included search terms from three different topics: sleep, intervention and college students. Outcome measures included subjective as well as objective measures and focused on sleep, sleep‐related and mental health variables. Twenty‐seven studies met the inclusion criteria. They were assigned to four intervention categories: (1) sleep hygiene, (2) cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT), (3) relaxation, mindfulness and hypnotherapy and (4) other psychotherapeutic interventions. Fifteen studies were randomized controlled trials. While sleep hygiene interventions provided small to medium effects, the CBTs showed large effects. The variability of the effect sizes was especially large in the relaxation category, ranging from very small to very large effect sizes. Other psychotherapeutic interventions showed medium effects. CBT approaches provided the best effects for the improvement of different sleep variables in college students. Five studies included insomnia patients. The other three intervention categories also showed promising results with overall medium effects. In the future, CBT should be combined with relaxation techniques, mindfulness and hypnotherapy. Furthermore, the interventions should broaden their target group and include more sleep disorders.
Bathymetry and siltation rate for Dokan Reservoir, Iraq
Authors: Hassan Rebwar , Al‐Ansari Nadhir , Ali Ammar A. , Ali Salahalddin S. , Knutsson Sven 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe Dokan Reservoir dam is a concrete cylindrical arch with gravity abutments, located on the Lesser Zab River about 60 km from the city of Sulaimani in north‐eastern Iraq. A bathymetric survey was conducted in November 2014 for a period of 10 days, using an echo sounder of 200‐kHz single beam. The survey results indicated an annual average sediment deposition of 3.8 million m3. Thirty‐two sediment samples were collected from the reservoir bed. The ratio of gravel, sand, silt and clay was 15:14:48:23, respectively. The reservoir bed is covered mainly with silt. The sediments are composed of silty clay (77.6%), silty sandy clay (10%), sandy gravely silty clay (1.2%) and gravely sandy silty clay (1%).
Bacterial transformation: ComFA is a DNA‐dependent ATPase that forms complexes with ComFC and DprA
Authors: Diallo Amy , Foster Hannah R. , Gromek Katarzyna A. , Perry Thomas N. , Dujeancourt Annick , Krasteva Petya V. , Gubellini Francesca , Falbel Tanya G. , Burton Briana M. , Fronzes Rémi 
Published: June 2017

SummaryPneumococcal natural transformation contributes to genomic plasticity, antibiotic resistance development and vaccine escape. Streptococcus pneumoniae, like many other naturally transformable species, has evolved sophisticated protein machinery for the binding and uptake of DNA. Two proteins encoded by the comF operon, ComFA and ComFC, are involved in transformation but their exact molecular roles remain unknown. In this study, we provide experimental evidence that ComFA binds to single stranded DNA (ssDNA) and has ssDNA‐dependent ATPase activity. We show that both ComFA and ComFC are essential for the transformation process in pneumococci. Moreover, we show that these proteins interact with each other and with other proteins involved in homologous recombination, such as DprA, thus placing the ComFA‐ComFC duo at the interface between DNA uptake and DNA recombination during transformation.
Expression atlas and comparative coexpression network analyses reveal important genes involved in the formation of lignified cell wall in Brachypodium distachyon
Authors: Sibout Richard , Proost Sebastian , Hansen Bjoern Oest , Vaid Neha , Giorgi Federico M. , Ho‐Yue‐Kuang Severine , Legée Frédéric , Cézart Laurent , Bouchabké‐Coussa Oumaya , Soulhat Camille , Provart Nicholas , Pasha Asher , Le Bris Philippe , Roujol David , Hofte Herman , Jamet Elisabeth , Lapierre Catherine , Persson Staffan , Mutwil Marek 
Published: June 2017

Summary

While Brachypodium distachyon (Brachypodium) is an emerging model for grasses, no expression atlas or gene coexpression network is available. Such tools are of high importance to provide insights into the function of Brachypodium genes.

We present a detailed Brachypodium expression atlas, capturing gene expression in its major organs at different developmental stages. The data were integrated into a large‐scale coexpression database ( www.gene2function.de), enabling identification of duplicated pathways and conserved processes across 10 plant species, thus allowing genome‐wide inference of gene function.

We highlight the importance of the atlas and the platform through the identification of duplicated cell wall modules, and show that a lignin biosynthesis module is conserved across angiosperms. We identified and functionally characterised a putative ferulate 5‐hydroxylase gene through overexpression of it in Brachypodium, which resulted in an increase in lignin syringyl units and reduced lignin content of mature stems, and led to improved saccharification of the stem biomass.

Our Brachypodium expression atlas thus provides a powerful resource to reveal functionally related genes, which may advance our understanding of important biological processes in grasses.
Evidence of an evolutionary hourglass pattern in herbivory‐induced transcriptomic responses
Authors: Durrant Matthew , Boyer Justin , Zhou Wenwu , Baldwin Ian T. , Xu Shuqing 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Herbivory‐induced defenses are specific and activated in plants when elicitors, frequently found in the herbivores’ oral secretions, are introduced into wounds during attack. While complex signaling cascades are known to be involved, it remains largely unclear how natural selection has shaped the evolution of these induced defenses.

We analyzed herbivory‐induced transcriptomic responses in wild tobacco, Nicotiana attenuata, using a phylotranscriptomic approach that measures the origin and sequence divergence of herbivory‐induced genes.

Highly conserved and evolutionarily ancient genes of primary metabolism were activated at intermediate time points (2–6 h) after elicitation, while less constrained and young genes associated with defense signaling and biosynthesis of specialized metabolites were activated at early (before 2 h) and late (after 6 h) stages of the induced response, respectively – a pattern resembling the evolutionary hourglass pattern observed during embryogenesis in animals and the developmental process in plants and fungi.

The hourglass patterns found in herbivory‐induced defense responses and developmental process are both likely to be a result of signaling modularization and differential evolutionary constraints on the modules involved in the signaling cascade.
Benefits of an individualized perioperative plan for children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Swartz Jo S. , Amos Karen E. , Brindas Mirna , Girling Linda G. , Ruth Graham M. 
Published: June 2017

SummaryBackgroundPerioperative care for children with autism spectrum disorder may be challenging. Previous investigators recommend development of an individualized perioperative management plan with caregiver involvement.AimThe primary goal was to determine the usefulness of an individualized plan based on the decision to provide preoperative sedation stratified by autism spectrum severity level. Secondary goals were to assess the effectiveness of the plan based on subjective assessment of patient behavior at induction of anesthesia and caregiver satisfaction.MethodsWe developed an individualized plan for each child with autism spectrum disorder scheduled for anesthesia. Children were categorized by autism spectrum disorder severity level. With institutional ethics approval, we conducted a retrospective chart review to document need for preoperative sedation, sedation stratified by autism spectrum disorder severity level, behavior at induction, and caregiver satisfaction.ResultsBetween 2012 and 2014, we successfully prepared a plan for 246 (98%) of 251 surgical or diagnostic procedures in 224 patients. Severity level was distributed as 45% Severity Level 1 and Asperger's, 25% Severity Level 2, and 30% Severity Level 3. The majority (90%) of cases were scheduled as day surgery. Preoperative sedation increased with increasing severity level: Severity Level 1 (21%) or Asperger's (31%), Severity Level 2 (44%), and Severity Level 3 (56%). The odds ratio for sedation use was 5.5 [CI: 2.6‐11.5, P<.001] with Severity Level 3 vs Severity Level 1 patients. Cooperation at induction of anesthesia was 90% overall with preoperative sedation administered to 94 (38%) of the entire cohort. Cooperation was greatest in Severity Level 1 (98%) and Asperger's patients (93%) and somewhat less (85%) in patients in Severity Levels 2 and 3. The plan was helpful to guide sedation choices as cooperation did not differ between sedated and unsedated children at any severity level (overall χ2=2.87 P=.09).Satisfaction among caregivers contacted was 98%.ConclusionThe results suggest that an individualized plan is helpful in the perioperative management of children with autism spectrum disorder and that knowledge of autism spectrum disorder severity level may be helpful in determining the need for preoperative sedation.
Non‐sibling hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using myeloablative conditioning regimen in children with Maroteaux‐Lamy syndrome: A brief report
Authors: Behfar Maryam , Dehghani S. Sharareh , Rostami Tahereh , Ghavamzadeh Ardeshir , Hamidieh Amir Ali 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMaroteaux‐Lamy syndrome is a rare inherited lysosomal storage disorder with a progressive course. HSCT is a curable option for treatment in these patients. The following report describes our experience in HSCT for three patients with Maroteaux‐Lamy syndrome using non‐sibling donors. All of the patients received the same myeloablative regimen consisting of intravenous busulfan, cyclophosphamide, and rabbit antithymocyte globulin. Patients underwent HSCT from haploidentical other‐related (n=1), full‐matched other‐related (n=1), and one‐locus‐mismatched unrelated donor. Stem cell sources included bone marrow (n=1), peripheral blood (n=1), and cord blood (n=1). Currently, two patients who received transplant from other‐related donors showed full engraftment and regression of the symptoms of the disease, while for the patient with unrelated cord blood donor, graft failure resulted in progression of the disease and death. The result of our study showed beneficial effects of HSCT even from heterozygote donor. Due to rarity of the disease, future multicenter studies are recommended to find the best treatment approaches based on the patients’ status.
Survival Analysis with Functions of Mismeasured Covariate Histories: The Case of Chronic Air Pollution Exposure in Relation to Mortality in the Nurses’ Health Study
Authors: Liao Xiaomei , Zhou Xin , Wang Molin , Hart Jaime E. , Laden Francine , Spiegelman Donna 
Published: June 2017

SummaryEnvironmental epidemiologists are often interested in estimating the effect of functions of time varying exposure histories, such as the 12-month moving average, in relation to chronic disease incidence or mortality. The individual exposure measurements that comprise such an exposure history are usually mismeasured, at least moderately, and, often, more substantially. To obtain unbiased estimates of Cox model hazard ratios for these complex mismeasured exposure functions, an extended risk set regression calibration method for Cox models is developed and applied to a study of long-term exposure to the fine particulate matter, PM2.5, component of air pollution in relation to all-cause mortality in the nurses’ health study. Simulation studies under several realistic assumptions about the measurement error model and about the correlation structure of the repeated exposure measurements were conducted to assess the finite sample properties of this new method and found that the method has good performance in terms of finite sample bias reduction and nominal confidence interval coverage.
Gun Ownership and Self‐Serving Attributions for Mass Shooting Tragedies*
Authors: Joslyn Mark R. , Haider‐Markel Donald P. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveIndividuals develop causal narratives that help explain events, behaviors, and conditions. Individuals ascribe events and behaviors to controllable components, such as individual choice, or uncontrollable components, such as broader forces in the environment. We join attribution theory with motivated reasoning and outline how gun ownership structures perceptions of mass shootings and subsequent blame.MethodsUsing individual‐level data from national surveys we examine the connection between causal attributions for mass shootings and gun ownership.ResultsOur findings suggest that firearm possession engenders self‐serving attributions about the causes of gun violence and resists calls for policy changes after mass shooting.ConclusionGiven the significant proportion of citizens who own guns, the prospect for policy changes that address gun‐related causes of mass shootings is unlikely.
Policy Spillover and Gun Migration: The Interstate Dynamics of State Gun Control Policies*
Authors: Coates Michael , Pearson‐Merkowitzz Shanna 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveIn this article, we examine state policy spillover by examining how differences between state gun control policies affect the migration of guns between states with lax regulatory environments for gun purchasing and licensing to states with relatively strict regulatory environments.MethodWe test our hypothesis using data from 2007 to 2013 from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms on the presence of criminal guns and from the Brady Campaign on state gun control laws.ResultsOur results suggest that a large proportion of criminal guns in states with strict gun control laws were originally purchased in states with fewer regulations. There is a direct correlation between where criminal guns were originally purchased, where criminal guns are uncovered, and the strength of state gun laws.ConclusionState gun control laws appear to make purchasing a gun through legal frameworks more difficult and shift the “market” for criminal guns to purchasing locations across state borders where purchasing is easier. Gun control laws appear, therefore, to be affected by policy spillover.
Herpes simplex virus‐2 transmission following solid organ transplantation: Donor‐derived infection and transplantation from prior organ recipients
Authors: Macesic Nenad , Abbott Iain J. , Kaye Matthew , Druce Julian , Glanville Allan R. , Gow Paul J. , Hughes Peter D. , Korman Tony M. , Mulley William R. , O'Connell Phillip J. , Opdam Helen , Paraskeva Miranda , Pitman Matthew C. , Setyapranata Stella , Rawlinson William D. , Johnson Paul D. R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundOwing to limited availability of donor organs, previous solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients are increasingly considered as potential organ donors. We report donor‐derived transmission of herpes simplex virus type‐2 (HSV‐2) to two clusters of SOT recipients with transmission from the original donor and an HSV‐2–infected recipient who subsequently became a donor.MethodsWe reviewed medical records of the donors and recipients in both clusters. Pre‐transplant serology and virological features of HSV‐2 were characterized. Genotyping of HSV‐2 isolates to determine potential for donor transmission of HSV‐2 through transplantation of organs from prior organ recipients was performed.ResultsA kidney‐pancreas recipient died day 9 post transplant. Following confirmation of brain death, the lungs and recently transplanted kidney were donated to two further recipients. The liver was not retrieved, but biopsy confirmed HSV‐2 infection. Testing on the original donor showed negative HSV‐2 polymerase chain reaction and HSV immunoglobulin (Ig)M, but positive HSV‐2 IgG. The liver recipient from the original donor developed HSV‐2 hepatitis and cutaneous infection that responded to treatment with intravenous acyclovir. In the second cluster, lung and kidney recipients both developed HSV‐2 viremia that was successfully treated with antiviral therapy. Genotyping of all HSV‐2–positive samples showed 100% sequence homology for three recipients.ConclusionsDonor‐derived HSV infection affected two clusters of recipients because of transplantation of organs from a prior organ recipient. HSV should be considered as a possible cause of illness in febrile SOT recipients in the immediate post‐transplant period and may cause disseminated disease and re‐infection in HSV‐2–seropositive recipients. Testing of HSV serology and prophylaxis may be considered in SOT recipients not receiving cytomegalovirus prophylaxis.
A multi‐component method to determine pesticides in surface water by liquid‐chromatography tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Ramos A. M. , Whelan M. J. , Cosgrove S. , Villa R. , Jefferson B. , Campo P. , Jarvis P. , Guymer I. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPesticide pollution of surface water is a major concern in many agricultural catchments The development of rapid and accurate methods for determining pesticide concentrations in water samples is, therefore, important. Here we describe a method for the simultaneous analysis of six pesticides (metaldehyde, quinmerac, carbetamide, metazachlor, propyzamide and pendimethalin) in natural waters by direct aqueous injection with liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry. The method validation showed good linearity from 0.2 to 50.0 µg/L with correlation coefficients between 0.995 and 0.999. Method accuracy ranged from 84 to 100% and precision Relative standard deviation (RSD) from 4 to 15%. The limits of detection for the targeted pesticides ranged from 0.03 to 0.36 µg/L. No significant matrix effects on quantification were observed (t‐test). The method was tested on water samples from a small arable catchment in eastern England. Peak concentrations for the determinands ranged from 1 to 10 µg/L.
Systolic [Ca2+]i regulates diastolic levels in rat ventricular myocytes
Authors: Sankaranarayanan Rajiv , Kistamás Kornél , Greensmith David J. , Venetucci Luigi A. , Eisner David A. 
Published: June 2017

Key points
For the heart to function as a pump, intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) must increase during systole to activate contraction and then fall, during diastole, to allow the myofilaments to relax and the heart to refill with blood.
The present study investigates the control of diastolic [Ca2+]i in rat ventricular myocytes.
We show that diastolic [Ca2+]i is increased by manoeuvres that decrease sarcoplasmic reticulum function. This is accompanied by a decrease of systolic [Ca2+]i such that the time‐averaged [Ca2+]i remains constant.
We report that diastolic [Ca2+]i is controlled by the balance between Ca2+ entry and Ca2+ efflux during systole.
The results of the present study identify a novel mechanism by which changes of the amplitude of the systolic Ca transient control diastolic [Ca2+]i.
AbstractThe intracellular Ca concentration ([Ca2+]i) must be sufficently low in diastole so that the ventricle is relaxed and can refill with blood. Interference with this will impair relaxation. The factors responsible for regulation of diastolic [Ca2+]i, in particular the relative roles of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and surface membrane, are unclear. We investigated the effects on diastolic [Ca2+]i that result from the changes of Ca cycling known to occur in heart failure. Experiments were performed using Fluo‐3 in voltage clamped rat ventricular myocytes. Increasing stimulation frequency increased diastolic [Ca2+]i. This increase of [Ca2+]i was larger when SR function was impaired either by making the ryanodine receptor leaky (with caffeine or ryanodine) or by decreasing sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca‐ATPase activity with thapsigargin. The increase of diastolic [Ca2+]i produced by interfering with the SR was accompanied by a decrease of the amplitude of the systolic Ca transient, such that there was no change of time‐averaged [Ca2+]i. Time‐averaged [Ca2+]i was increased by β‐adrenergic stimulation with isoprenaline and increased in a saturating manner with increased stimulation frequency; average [Ca2+]i was a linear function of Ca entry per unit time. Diastolic and time‐averaged [Ca2+]i were decreased by decreasing the L‐type Ca current (with 50 μm cadmium chloride). We conclude that diastolic [Ca2+]i is controlled by the balance between Ca entry and efflux during systole. Furthermore, manoeuvres that decrease the amplitude of the Ca transient (without decreasing Ca influx) will therefore increase diastolic [Ca2+]i. This identifies a novel mechanism by which changes of the amplitude of the systolic Ca transient control diastolic [Ca2+]i.