bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LRLSHMDA: Laplacian Regularized Least Squares for Human Microbe–Disease Association prediction
Authors: Wang Fan , Huang Zhi-An , Chen Xing , Zhu Zexuan , Wen Zhenkun , Zhao Jiyun , Yan Gui-Ying 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn increasing number of evidences indicate microbes are implicated in human physiological mechanisms, including complicated disease pathology. Some microbes have been demonstrated to be associated with diverse important human diseases or disorders. Through investigating these disease-related microbes, we can obtain a better understanding of human disease mechanisms for advancing medical scientific progress in terms of disease diagnosis, treatment, prevention, prognosis and drug discovery. Based on the known microbe-disease association network, we developed a semi-supervised computational model of Laplacian Regularized Least Squares for Human Microbe–Disease Association (LRLSHMDA) by introducing Gaussian interaction profile kernel similarity calculation and Laplacian regularized least squares classifier. LRLSHMDA reached the reliable AUCs of 0.8909 and 0.7657 based on the global and local leave-one-out cross validations, respectively. In the framework of 5-fold cross validation, average AUC value of 0.8794 +/−0.0029 further demonstrated its promising prediction ability. In case studies, 9, 9 and 8 of top-10 predicted microbes have been manually certified to be associated with asthma, colorectal carcinoma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by published literature evidence. Our proposed model achieves better prediction performance relative to the previous model. We expect that LRLSHMDA could offer insights into identifying more promising human microbe-disease associations in the future.
The diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging for anterior cruciate ligament injury in comparison to arthroscopy: a meta-analysis
Authors: Li Kun , Du Jun , Huang Li-Xin , Ni Li , Liu Tao , Yang Hui-Lin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe performed this meta-analysis to examine the diagnostic accuracy of MRI for the diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury in comparison to arthroscopy. We also compared the diagnostic accuracy of MRI with magnetic field intensities (MFI) greater than or equal to 1.5T with those below 1.5T, in addition to different MRI sequences. Studies relevant to the diagnosis of ACL injury by MRI and arthroscopy were analyzed. Computer and manual retrieval were carried out on studies published between January 1, 2006 and May 31, 2016. Twenty-one papers were included. Neither threshold nor non-threshold effects were present (p = 0.40, p = 0.06). The pooled sensitivity (SE), specificity (SP), positive likelihood ratio (LR+), negative likelihood ratio (LR−) and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were 87% (84–90%), 90% (88–92%), 6.78 (4.87–9.44), 0.16 (0.13–0.20) and 44.70 (32.34–61.79), respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.93. The risk of publication bias was negligible (p = 0.75). In conclusion, examination by MRI is able to provide appreciable diagnostic performance. However, the principle, which states that the higher the MFI, the better the diagnostic accuracy, could not be verified. Additionally, conventional sequences (CSs) associated with proton density-weighted imaging (PDWI) are only slightly better than CSs alone, but not statistically different.
Recurrent horizontal transfer of arsenite methyltransferase genes facilitated adaptation of life to arsenic
Authors: Chen Song-Can , Sun Guo-Xin , Rosen Barry P. , Zhang Si-Yu , Deng Ye , Zhu Bo-Kai , Rensing Christopher , Zhu Yong-Guan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe toxic metalloid arsenic has been environmentally ubiquitous since life first arose nearly four billion years ago and presents a challenge for the survival of all living organisms. Its bioavailability has varied dramatically over the history of life on Earth. As life spread, biogeochemical and climate changes cyclically increased and decreased bioavailable arsenic. To elucidate the history of arsenic adaptation across the tree of life, we reconstructed the phylogeny of the arsM gene that encodes the As(III) S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) methyltransferase. Our results suggest that life successfully moved into arsenic-rich environments in the late Archean Eon and Proterozoic Eon, respectively, by the spread of arsM genes. The arsM genes of bacterial origin have been transferred to other kingdoms of life on at least six occasions, and the resulting domesticated arsM genes promoted adaptation to environmental arsenic. These results allow us to peer into the history of arsenic adaptation of life on our planet and imply that dissemination of genes encoding diverse adaptive functions to toxic chemicals permit adaptation to changes in concentrations of environmental toxins over evolutionary history.
PEO-based brush-type amphiphilic macro-RAFT agents and their assembled polyHIPE monolithic structures for applications in separation science
Authors: Khodabandeh Aminreza , Arrua R. Dario , Mansour Fotouh R. , Thickett Stuart C. , Hilder Emily F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPolymerized High Internal Phase Emulsions (PolyHIPEs) were prepared using emulsion-templating, stabilized by an amphiphilic diblock copolymer prepared by reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The diblock copolymer consisted of a hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether acrylate (PEO MA, average Mn 480) segment and a hydrophobic styrene segment, with a trithiocarbonate end-group. These diblock copolymers were the sole emulsifiers used in stabilizing “inverse” (oil-in-water) high internal phase emulsion templates, which upon polymerization resulted in a polyHIPE exhibiting a highly interconnected monolithic structure. The polyHIPEs were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, BET surface area measurements, SEM, SEM-EDX, and TGA. These materials were subsequently investigated as stationary phase for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) via in situ polymerization in a capillary format as a ‘column housing’. Initial separation assessments in reversed-phase (RP) and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatographic (HILIC) modes have shown that these polyHIPEs are decorated with different microenvironments amongst the voids or domains of the monolithic structure. Chromatographic results suggested the existence of RP/HILIC mixed mode with promising performance for the separation of small molecules.
Culture independent assessment of human milk microbial community in lactational mastitis
Authors: Patel Shriram H. , Vaidya Yati H. , Patel Reena J. , Pandit Ramesh J. , Joshi Chaitanya G. , Kunjadiya Anju P. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractBreastfeeding undoubtedly provides important benefits to the mother-infant dyad and should be encouraged. Mastitis, one of the common but major cause of premature weaning among lactating women, is an inflammation of connective tissue within the mammary gland. This study reports the influence of mastitis on human milk microbiota by utilizing 16 S rRNA gene sequencing approach. We sampled and sequenced microbiome from 50 human milk samples, including 16 subacute mastitis (SAM), 16 acute mastitis (AM) and 18 healthy-controls. Compared to controls, SAM and AM microbiota were quite distinct and drastically reduced. Genera including, Aeromonas, Staphylococcus, Ralstonia, Klebsiella, Serratia, Enterococcus and Pseudomonas were significantly enriched in SAM and AM samples, while Acinetobacter, Ruminococcus, Clostridium, Faecalibacterium and Eubacterium were consistently depleted. Further analysis of our samples revealed positive aerotolerant odds ratio, indicating dramatic depletion of obligate anaerobes and enrichment of aerotolerant bacteria during the course of mastitis. In addition, predicted functional metagenomics identified several gene pathways related to bacterial proliferation and colonization (e.g. two-component system, bacterial secretion system and motility proteins) in SAM and AM samples. In conclusion, our study confirmed previous hypothesis that mastitis women have lower microbial diversity, increased abundance of opportunistic pathogens and depletion of commensal obligate anaerobes.
Fas Ligand-mediated cytotoxicity of CD4+ T cells during chronic retrovirus infection
Authors: Malyshkina Anna , Littwitz-Salomon Elisabeth , Sutter Kathrin , Zelinskyy Gennadiy , Windmann Sonja , Schimmer Simone , Paschen Annette , Streeck Hendrik , Hasenkrug Kim J. , Dittmer Ulf 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCD4+ helper T cells and cytotoxic CD8+ T cells are key players for adaptive immune responses against acute infections with retroviruses. Similar to textbook knowledge the most important function of CD4+ T cells during an acute retrovirus infection seems to be their helper function for other immune cells. Whereas there was no direct anti-viral activity of CD4+ T cells during acute Friend Virus (FV) infection, they were absolutely required for the control of chronic infection. During chronic FV infection a population of activated FV-specific CD4+ T cells did not express cytotoxic molecules, but Fas Ligand that can induce Fas-induced apoptosis in target cells. Using an MHC II-restricted in vivo CTL assay we demonstrated that FV-specific CD4+ T cells indeed mediated cytotoxic effects against FV epitope peptide loaded targets. CD4 + CTL killing was also detected in FV-infected granzyme B knockout mice confirming that the exocytosis pathway was not involved. However, killing could be blocked by antibodies against FasL, which identified the Fas/FasL pathway as critical cytotoxic mechanism during chronic FV infection. Interestingly, targeting the co-stimulatory receptor CD137 with an agonistic antibody enhanced CD4+ T cell cytotoxicity. This immunotherapy may be an interesting new approach for the treatment of chronic viral infections.
Speech Understanding in Noise by Patients With Cochlear Implants Using a Monaural Adaptive Beamformer
Authors: Dorman Michael F. , Natale Sarah , Spahr Anthony , Castioni Erin 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The aim of this experiment was to compare, for patients with cochlear implants (CIs), the improvement for speech understanding in noise provided by a monaural adaptive beamformer and for two interventions that produced bilateral input (i.e., bilateral CIs and hearing preservation [HP] surgery).

Method
Speech understanding scores for sentences were obtained for 10 listeners fit with a single CI. The listeners were tested with and without beamformer activated in a “cocktail party” environment with spatially separated target and maskers. Data for 10 listeners with bilateral CIs and 8 listeners with HP CIs were taken from Loiselle, Dorman, Yost, Cook, and Gifford (2016), who used the same test protocol.

Results
The use of the beamformer resulted in a 31 percentage point improvement in performance; in bilateral CIs, an 18 percentage point improvement; and in HP CIs, a 20 percentage point improvement.

Conclusion
A monaural adaptive beamformer can produce an improvement in speech understanding in a complex noise environment that is equal to, or greater than, the improvement produced by bilateral CIs and HP surgery.
All‐optical reconfigurable multicast canonical logic units based on four‐wave mixing
Authors: Dong Wenchan , Hou Jie , Zhang Xinliang 
Published: August 2017

Canonical logic units (CLUs) are basic building blocks for complex all‐optical logic operations, and multicast of CLUs can improve the computing capacity and operating flexibility. The authors thus propose and experimentally demonstrate all‐optical reconfigurable multicast two‐input CLUs (i.e. minterms) at 40 Gb/s by using four‐wave mixing in a single highly non‐linear fibre. Each type of CLUs with clear temporal waveform and wide eye opening is achieved in five parallel channels simultaneously. The extinction ratios are >10.3 dB, while the optical signal‐to‐noise ratios are >21 dB. Based on the demonstrated scheme, a method of realising simultaneous full set of two‐input logic operations is proposed and discussed. The proposed scheme can be extended to higher data rates and transferred to on‐chip platforms.
Intracardiac Thrombosis and Multiple Arterial Thromboembolism with Acute Limb Ischemia: A Rare Complication of Carbon Monoxide Intoxication
Authors: Benfor B. , Hajji R. , Bouarhroum A. , Lagdrori Y. , Boukatta Brahim , Elbouazzaoui Abderrahim , Kanjaa Nabil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCarbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a very common reason for emergency ward admission, with symptoms varying from a simple headache and dizziness to severe neurological and cardiac impairment. We report here a rare clinical presentation of CO intoxication manifested by a severe cardiac impairment with intracardiac thrombus formation, acute limb ischemia, renal infarction, and carotid artery thrombosis. There have been initial reports of thromboembolic events in acute CO poisoning with intracardiac thrombosis being sparsely reported. Contrary to venous thromboembolism, arterial thromboembolism in CO poisoning seems to be extremely rare. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report in recent literature of a combined intracardiac thrombosis and multiple arterial thromboembolism induced by CO poisoning.
Kommentar der Schriftleitung
Authors: Dietz Andreas 
Published: August 2017

Liebe Leserinnen und Leser,genau, Sie lesen richtig: Ich bin der Neue.Nach mehreren Jahren sehr erfolgreicher Schriftleitungstätigkeit durch meinen hochgeschätzten, lieben Kollegen Orlando Guntinas-Lichius habe
ich jetzt mit diesem Juli-Heft die federführende Schriftleitung innerhalb unseres aus Stefan Dazert, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Gerd Rasp und
mir bestehenden Schriftleitungsteams übernommen. Ich möchte bei dieser Gelegenheit Orlando Guntinas-Lichius im Namen der gesamten
Schriftleitung meinen herzlichen Dank für die ausgezeichnete Arbeit der letzten Jahre aussprechen.
Bilaterales hippocampales primäres ZNS-Lymphom: ungewöhnliche Differentialdiagnose eines rasch progredienten
dementiellen Syndroms
Authors: Weidauer Stefan , Hartmann Sylvia , Fabricius Jan 
Published: August 2017

ZusammenfassungVorgestellt wird ein rasch progredientes dementielles Syndrom bei einem 63-Jährigen infolge eines bilateralen hippocampalen primären
ZNS-Lymphoms. Da es sich bei sekundären Demenzformen um potentiell kausal behandelbare Ätiologien handelt, kommt der schnellen
Diagnosestellung eine entscheidende Bedeutung zu. Die richtungweisenden bildgebenden Aspekte insbesondere bei hippocampalen Prozessen werden
diskutiert.
Extracts of Terminalia sericea Enhance Cell Migratory Activity of Endothelial Hybrid and Fibroblast Cells In Vitro
Authors: Parkar Hafiza , Aiyegoro Olayinka , Steenkamp Paul , Steenkamp Vanessa 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Terminalia sericea is a plant that has been used amongst others medicinally to treat wounds. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro wound healing ability of T. sericea. Hot water, methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane extracts were prepared. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography time of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-TOF-MS) were used to determine the phytochemical classes and genus specific compounds present in the plant. Cytotoxicity was assessed in the SC-1 fibroblast and EA.hy926 endothelial hybrid cell lines using the sulforhodamine B assay. The effect of the extracts on cellular migration in both cell lines was assessed using the scratch assay. The major phytochemical classes detected in the extracts using TLC were alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, saponins, sterols, and terpenoids. The genus-specific compounds punicalagin, sericoside, anolignan B, and arjunic acid were identified in the extracts by means of UPLC-QTOF-MS. Cytotoxicity was not observed after 24 h of exposure and a generally low cytotoxic trend was noted after 72 h. A significant (p < 0.05) enhancement of cell migration in both cell lines was noted in the scratch assay. The wound healing ability of T. sericea is mainly attributed to the migratory and proliferative activity of the extracts responsible for the acceleration of wound closure. Isolation and individualized testing of the active compounds is warranted.
Habitual Minimalist Shod Running Biomechanics and the Acute Response to Running Barefoot
Authors: Tam Nicholas , Darragh Ian , Divekar Nikhil , Lamberts Robert 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of the study was to determine whether habitual minimalist shoe runners present with purported favorable running biomechanithat reduce running injury risk such as initial loading rate. Eighteen minimalist and 16 traditionally cushioned shod runners were assessed when running both in their preferred training shoe and barefoot. Ankle and knee joint kinetics and kinematics, initial rate of loading, and footstrike angle were measured. Sagittal ankle and knee joint stiffness were also calculated. Results of a two-factor ANOVA presented no group difference in initial rate of loading when participants were running either shod or barefoot; however, initial loading rate increased for both groups when running barefoot (p=0.008). Differences in footstrike angle were observed between groups when running shod, but not when barefoot (minimalist:8.71±8.99 vs. traditional: 17.32±11.48 degrees, p=0.002). Lower ankle joint stiffness was found in both groups when running barefoot (p=0.025). These findings illustrate that risk factors for injury potentially differ between the two groups. Shoe construction differences do change mechanical demands, however, once habituated to the demands of a given shoe condition, certain acute favorable or unfavorable responses may be moderated. The purported benefits of minimalist running shoes in mimicking habitual barefoot running is questioned, and risk of injury may not be attenuated.
Prediction Model of Serum Lithium Concentrations
Authors: Yoshida Kazunari , Uchida Hiroyuki , Suzuki Takefumi , Watanabe Masahiro , Yoshino Nariyasu , Houchi Hitoshi , Mimura Masaru , Fukuoka Noriyasu 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Introduction Therapeutic drug monitoring is necessary for lithium, but clinical application of several prediction strategies is still limited because of insufficient predictive accuracy. We herein proposed a suitable model, using creatinine clearance (CLcr)-based lithium clearance (Li-CL).
Methods Patients receiving lithium provided the following information: serum lithium and creatinine concentrations, time of blood draw, dosing regimen, concomitant medications, and demographics. Li-CL was calculated as a daily dose per trough concentration for each subject, and the mean of Li-CL/CLcr was used to estimate Li-CL for another 30 subjects. Serum lithium concentrations at the time of sampling were estimated by 1-compartment model with Li-CL, fixed distribution volume (0.79 L/kg), and absorption rate (1.5/hour) in the 30 subjects.
Results One hundred thirty-one samples from 82 subjects (44 men; mean±standard deviation age: 51.4±16.0 years; body weight: 64.6±13.8 kg; serum creatinine: 0.78±0.20 mg/dL; dose of lithium: 680.2±289.1 mg/day) were used to develop the pharmacokinetic model. The mean±standard deviation (95% confidence interval) of absolute error was 0.13±0.09 (0.10–0.16) mEq/L.
Discussion Serum concentrations of lithium can be predicted from oral dosage with high precision, using our prediction model.
Back to balance: labour therapeutics and the depoliticisation of workplace distress
Authors: Davies James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis article assesses the rise in diverse workplaces of what the author terms “labour therapeutics”—the application of therapeutic ideas and interventions to the understanding and management of employee distress. By way of an inductive narrative analysis of five institutional proponents of labour therapeutics, it concludes that the interventions and understandings labour therapeutics promote, by either individualizing employee distress or reducing it to the micro-arrangements of the workplace, inadvertently depoliticize the problem of work for growing numbers of individuals and organizations in the contemporary work setting. Further research is requested to explicate the confluence between neo-liberal working objectives and the new forms of labour therapeutic governance now in rapid ascent. This article is published as part of a collection entitled ‘On balance: lifestyle, mental health and wellbeing’.
Scientific advice on the move: the UK mobile phone risk issue as a public experiment
Authors: Stilgoe Jack 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe UK controversy over the health risks of mobile phones was at its peak around 1999–2000, at a time when policymakers were beginning to endorse moves towards greater openness in the practice of expert advice. One explanation for the subsequent calming of this controversy is that people’s sense of the benefits outweighed the minor uncertainties. However, this fails to explain the politics of mobile phone technology and, by positioning expert advice as neutral, offers no lessons for future expert practice. In this article, I argue that the mobile phones case can more productively be seen as one of public experiment. Rather than seeking closure, experts opened up the issue, made explicit previously obscured uncertainties and invited new research questions. In doing so, they remobilised previously static constructions of both science and public concern. This analysis challenges the distinction between science-as-expertise and science-as-experiment, with important implications for advisory practices and structures. This article is published as part of a thematic collection dedicated to scientific advice to governments.
Integrating social sciences and humanities in interdisciplinary research
Authors: Pedersen David Budtz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecent attempts to integrate the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in funding for interdisciplinary research have been challenged by a number of barriers. In funding programmes, such as the EU Horizon 2020, the SSH are absent in most calls for contributions. This article revisits the main policy drivers for embedding SSH research in interdisciplinary research. By analysing recent policy initiatives, the article shows how policymakers across the world continue to be ambivalent regarding the role of the SSH. While many stakeholders acknowledge the need to integrate SSH research in solving key societal challenges, such as climate change, migration or national security, funding for SSH is limited and tends to focus on strategic interventions and instrumental solutions. By accounting for the diversity of interdisciplinary collaborations the article recommends a more context-sensitive approach to research funding, which acknowledges the heterogeneity and volatility of research across different knowledge environments. This article is published as part of a thematic collection on the concept of interdisciplinarity.