bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles in dielectric matrix for electronics and optics: from the fabrication to the devices
Authors: Mascher Peter 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe discovery of the nanosize‐related effects has led to tremendous efforts, numerous publications, international symposia and patents on the development and study of nanometer scale based structures. The achievements are specific and novel optical, electronic, and magnetic properties are reported that have never been obtained on a macroscopic scale. Among these nanostructured systems, nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric host matrix offer a wide range of applications in electronics and optics from non‐volatile memories to non‐linear optics, from light emitting diodes to enhanced photovoltaic sensors, and from optical amplifiers to plasmonic substrates. This requires a large range of skills in different fields such as chemistry, physics, and material science.This symposium aimed at gathering scientists and industrial partners from the above fields and involved in the fabrication and the study of such nanostructured systems and related applications. The goal was to share and discuss recent advances in fabrication, doping, optical and/or electrical properties, biosensing, photovoltaics, plasmonics, fundamental mechanisms of growth or excitation, devices that incorporate those properties, and applications of such materials systems. (© 2015 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Offshore deep convection initiation and maintenance during the HyMeX IOP 16a heavy precipitation event
Authors: Duffourg F. , Nuissier O. , Ducrocq V. , Flamant C. , Chazette P. , Delanoë J. , Doerenbecher A. , Fourrié N. , Di Girolamo P. , Lac C. , Legain D. , Martinet M. , Saïd F. , Bock O. 
Published: December 2015

During the first special observation period of the HyMeX program dedicated to heavy precipitation over the western Mediterranean, several Mesoscale Convective Systems (MCSs) formed over the sea and produced heavy precipitation over the coastal regions, as for example during IOP (Intensive Operation Period) 16a. On 26 October 2012, back‐building MCSs formed and renewed over the northwestern Mediterranean Sea while producing heavy rain over the French coastal urbanized regions. This paper analyses the storm evolution along with the ambient flow and the initiation and maintenance mechanisms of the offshore deep convection observed during IOP16a. The suites of water vapour lidars, wind profilers, radiosoundings and boundary‐layer drifting balloons over and along the coast of the northwestern Mediterranean offer a unique framework for validating the convective processes over the sea investigated using kilometre‐scale analyses and simulation.The high‐resolution simulation shows clearly that the convective system is fed during its evolution over the sea by moist and conditionally unstable air carried by a southwesterly to southeasterly low‐level jet. The low‐level wind convergence in this southeasterly to southwesterly flow over the sea is the main triggering mechanism acting to continually initiate and maintain the renewal of convective cells contributing to the back‐building system. The convergence line appears when a secondary pressure low forms in the lee of the Iberian mountains. A sensitivity test turning off the evaporative cooling within the microphysical parametrization shows that the exact location of the main convergence area focusing the heaviest precipitation is determined by small‐scale feedback mechanisms of the convection to the environment.
Energy‐efficient distributed control of large‐scale systems: A switched system approach
Authors: Zhang Dan , Shi Peng , Wang Qing‐Guo 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThis paper is concerned with the sensor‐network‐based distributed control of large‐scale systems with the power constraint. In the underlying system, the measurement is firstly sampled under nonuniform sampling periods, which are varying in a given set. Then, the measurement size reduction technique and communication rate reduction method are used to save the constrained power in sensor networks. Specifically, only one element of sampled measurement is chosen at each sampling time instant, and it is then quantized and transmitted to the neighbouring controllers. Based on the switched system approach, a unified model is presented to capture the nonuniform sampling, the measurement size reduction, the transmission rate reduction and the controller failure phenomenon. A new sufficient condition is obtained such that the filtering error system is exponentially stable in the mean‐square sense with a prescribed H∞ performance level. Based on this condition, the controller gains are designed by using the cone complementarity linearization algorithm. Finally, a simulation study is given to show the effectiveness of the proposed new design technique. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
GISQAF: MapReduce guided spatial query processing and analytics system
Authors: Al‐Naami Khaled Mohammed , Seker Sadi Evren , Khan Latifur 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe Global Database of Event, Language, and Tone (GDELT) is the only global political georeferenced event dataset with more than 250 million observations covering all countries in the world since January 1, 1979. TABARI and CAMEO are the tools that are used to collect and code events from all international news coverage. To query such big geospatial data, traditional RDBMS can no longer be used, and the need for parallel distributed solutions has become a necessity. MapReduce paradigm has proven to be a scalable platform to process and analyze Big Data in the cloud. Hadoop, as an implementation of MapReduce, is an open‐source application that has been widely used and accepted in academia and industry. However, when dealing with Spatial Data, Hadoop is not equipped well and does not perform efficiently. SpatialHadoop is an extension of Hadoop with the support of spatial data. In this paper, we present Geographic Information System Query and Analytics Framework (GISQAF), which has been built on top of SpatialHadoop. GISQAF focuses on two parts: query processing and data analytics. For the query processing part, we show how this solution outperforms Hadoop query processing by orders of magnitude when applying queries on the GDELT dataset with a size of 60 GB. We show the results for various types of queries. For the data analytics part, we present an approach for finding Spatial co‐occurring events. We show how GISQAF is suitable and efficient to handle data analytics techniques. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polymorphic bytecode instrumentation
Authors: Binder Walter , Moret Philippe , Tanter Éric , Ansaloni Danilo 
Published: December 2015

SummaryBytecode instrumentation is a widely used technique to implement aspect weaving and dynamic analyses in virtual machines such as the Java virtual machine. Aspect weavers and other instrumentations are usually developed independently and combining them often requires significant engineering effort, if at all possible. In this article, we present polymorphic bytecode instrumentation(PBI), a simple but effective technique that allows dynamic dispatch amongst several, possibly independent instrumentations. PBI enables complete bytecode coverage, that is, any method with a bytecode representation can be instrumented. We illustrate further benefits of PBI with three case studies. First, we describe how PBI can be used to implement a comprehensive profiler of inter‐procedural and intra‐procedural control flow. Second, we provide an implementation of execution levels for AspectJ, which avoids infinite regression and unwanted interference between aspects. Third, we present a framework for adaptive dynamic analysis, where the analysis to be performed can be changed at runtime by the user. We assess the overhead introduced by PBI and provide thorough performance evaluations of PBI in all three case studies. We show that pure Java profilers like JP2 can, thanks to PBI, produce accurate execution profiles by covering all code, including the core Java libraries. We then demonstrate that PBI‐based execution levels are much faster than control flow pointcuts to avoid interference between aspects and that their efficient integration in a practical aspect language is possible. Finally, we report that PBI enables adaptive dynamic analysis tools that are more reactive to user inputs than existing tools that rely on dynamic aspect‐oriented programming with runtime weaving. These experiments position PBI as a widely applicable and practical approach for combining bytecode instrumentations. © 2015 The Authors. Software: Practice and Experience Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
A method for rapid estimation of dynamic coupling and spectral responses of connected adjacent structures
Authors: Behnamfar Farhad , Dorafshan Sattar , Taheri Ali , Hosseini Hashemi Behrokh 
Published: December 2015

SummaryA simple method is presented for estimation of dynamic coupling and maximum seismic responses of structures connected through links. The purpose is preparing a simple measure for distinguishing the cases where two connected structures interfere in the response of each individual structure and incorporating such cases in spectral analysis. First, each structure is analysed independently, and the natural modes with considerable interference with the other structure are identified. Then the spectral responses corresponding to such modes are modified in modal space. It is shown that the proposed method can estimate the spectral responses of adjacent systems with good accuracy. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of RC columns with debonded bars subjected to cyclic lateral loading
Authors: Mitra Damodaran Chitra , Bindhu Kochunaraya Rugmini 
Published: December 2015

SummaryConcrete columns with light confinement reinforcement subjected to cyclic lateral load exhibit brittle shear failure along with flexural yielding of longitudinal steel reinforcement bars. The present study investigates the effect of debonding of longitudinal bars on the performance of columns under lateral loading. Column specimens were tested under quasi‐static reverse cyclic lateral loading. A comparative study has been carried out on the performance of columns with and without debonding using circular steel tubes of varying lengths. Steel tubes were provided to the longitudinal reinforcement in the potential plastic hinge zone. It is observed that the specimens with debonded reinforcement have significant enhancement in deformation capacity, ductility and energy dissipation capacity than the specimens without it. The congestion of reinforcement at the joints can also be eliminated by reducing the confining reinforcement for these debonded specimens. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Spatial navigation by congenitally blind individuals
Authors: Schinazi Victor R. , Thrash Tyler , Chebat Daniel‐Robert 
Published: December 2015

Spatial navigation in the absence of vision has been investigated from a variety of perspectives and disciplines. These different approaches have progressed our understanding of spatial knowledge acquisition by blind individuals, including their abilities, strategies, and corresponding mental representations. In this review, we propose a framework for investigating differences in spatial knowledge acquisition by blind and sighted people consisting of three longitudinal models (i.e., convergent, cumulative, and persistent). Recent advances in neuroscience and technological devices have provided novel insights into the different neural mechanisms underlying spatial navigation by blind and sighted people and the potential for functional reorganization. Despite these advances, there is still a lack of consensus regarding the extent to which locomotion and wayfinding depend on amodal spatial representations. This challenge largely stems from methodological limitations such as heterogeneity in the blind population and terminological ambiguity related to the concept of cognitive maps. Coupled with an over‐reliance on potential technological solutions, the field has diffused into theoretical and applied branches that do not always communicate. Here, we review research on navigation by congenitally blind individuals with an emphasis on behavioral and neuroscientific evidence, as well as the potential of technological assistance. Throughout the article, we emphasize the need to disentangle strategy choice and performance when discussing the navigation abilities of the blind population.WIREs Cogn Sci2016, 7:37–58. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1375This article is categorized under:Psychology > LearningNeuroscience > CognitionNeuroscience > Plasticity
Words, rules, and mechanisms of language acquisition
Authors: Endress Ansgar D. , Bonatti Luca L. 
Published: December 2015

We review recent artificial language learning studies, especially those following Endress and Bonatti (Endress AD, Bonatti LL. Rapid learning of syllable classes from a perceptually continuous speech stream. Cognition 2007, 105:247–299), suggesting that humans can deploy a variety of learning mechanisms to acquire artificial languages. Several experiments provide evidence for multiple learning mechanisms that can be deployed in fluent speech: one mechanism encodes the positions of syllables within words and can be used to extract generalization, while the other registers co‐occurrence statistics of syllables and can be used to break a continuum into its components. We review dissociations between these mechanisms and their potential role in language acquisition. We then turn to recent criticisms of the multiple mechanisms hypothesis and show that they are inconsistent with the available data. Our results suggest that artificial and natural language learning is best understood by dissecting the underlying specialized learning abilities, and that these data provide a rare opportunity to link important language phenomena to basic psychological mechanisms. WIREs Cogn Sci 2016, 7:19–35. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1376This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Language
Psychology > Theory and Methods
Psychology > Learning
Transport and metabolism of fumaric acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in aerobic glucose‐limited chemostat culture
Authors: Shah Mihir V. , van Mastrigt Oscar , Heijnen Joseph J. , van Gulik Walter M. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractCurrently, research is being focused on the industrial‐scale production of fumaric acid and other relevant organic acids from renewable feedstocks via fermentation, preferably at low pH for better product recovery. However, at low pH a large fraction of the extracellular acid is present in the undissociated form, which is lipophilic and can diffuse into the cell. There have been no studies done on the impact of high extracellular concentrations of fumaric acid under aerobic conditions in S. cerevisiae, which is a relevant issue to study for industrial‐scale production. In this work we studied the uptake and metabolism of fumaric acid in S. cerevisiae in glucose‐limited chemostat cultures at a cultivation pH of 3.0 (pH < pK). Steady states were achieved with different extracellular levels of fumaric acid, obtained by adding different amounts of fumaric acid to the feed medium. The experiments were carried out with the wild‐type S. cerevisiae CEN.PK 113‐7D and an engineered S. cerevisiae ADIS 244 expressing a heterologous dicarboxylic acid transporter (DCT‐02) from Aspergillus niger, to examine whether it would be capable of exporting fumaric acid. We observed that fumaric acid entered the cells most likely via passive diffusion of the undissociated form. Approximately two‐thirds of the fumaric acid in the feed was metabolized together with glucose. From metabolic flux analysis, an increased ATP dissipation was observed only at high intracellular concentrations of fumarate, possibly due to the export of fumarate via an ABC transporter. The implications of our results for the industrial‐scale production of fumaric acid are discussed. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A phase I trial of ANG1/2-Tie2 inhibitor trebaninib (AMG386) and temsirolimus in advanced solid tumors (PJC008/NCI♯9041)
Authors: Chiu Joanne W. , Hotte Sebastien J. , Kollmannsberger Christian K. , Renouf Daniel J. , Cescon David W. , Hedley David , Chow Sue , Moscow Jeffrey , Chen Zhuo , Perry Meghan , Diaz-Padilla Ivan , Tan David , Hirte Hal , McWhirter Elaine , Chen Helen , Siu Lillian L. , Bedard Philippe L. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryBackground There is crosstalk between the ANG-Tie2 and the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. Combined ANG1/2 and mTOR blockade may have additive anti-cancer activity. The combination of trebananib, an inhibitor of ANG1/2-Tie2 interaction, with temsirolimus was evaluated in patients with advanced solid tumors to determine tolerability, maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and preliminary antitumor activity. Methods Patients were enrolled using 3 + 3 design, and were given intravenous trebananib and temsirolimus on Day 1, 8, 15 and 22 of a 28-day cycle. Dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) were evaluated during cycle 1. Peripheral blood was collected for evaluation of Tie2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) and thymidine phosphorylase (TP). Sparse pharmacokinetic (PK) sampling for trebananib drug levels was performed on Day 1 and 8 of cycle 2. Results Twenty-one patients were enrolled, 6 at dose level (DL) 1, 7 at DL −1, and 8 at DL −2. No effect of temsirolimus on trebananib PK was observed. The most common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) were: fatigue (81 %), edema (62 %), anorexia (57 %), nausea (52 %), rash (43 %) and mucositis (43 %). The most common grade ≥ 3 AEs included lymphopenia (28 %) and fatigue (28 %). The MTD was exceeded at DL-2. Of 18 response evaluable patients, 1 partial response was observed (ER+/HER2−/PIK3CA mutant breast cancer) and 4 patients had prolonged SD ≥ 24 weeks. No correlation with clinical benefit was observed with change in number TEMs or TP expression in TEMs with treatment. Conclusions The MTD was exceeded at trebananib 10 mg/kg weekly and temsirolimus 20 mg weekly, with frequent overlapping toxicities including fatigue, edema, and anorexia.
Prior, translational semantics, and the Barcan formula
Authors: Copeland B. Jack 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The revolution in semantics in the late 1960s and 1970s overturned an earlier competing paradigm, ‘translational’ semantics. I revive and defend Prior’s translational semantics for modals and tense-modals. I also show how to extend Prior’s propositional modal semantics to quantificational modal logic, and use the resulting semantics to formalize Prior’s own counterexample to the Barcan Formula.
Structure and properties of indium-doped ZnO films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering under different pressures
Authors: Peng Li-Ping , He A-Ling , Fang Liang , Yang Xiao-Fei 
Published: December 2015

AbstractHigh conductive and transparent In-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on glass substrates by radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering at 250 °C. Argon gas was used as the sputtering gas, and its pressure varies from 0.1 to 4.0 Pa. The influences of deposition pressure on the structural, electrical and optical properties of the films were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Hall and transmittance measurements. The optical constant of the films was estimated from transmittance data using a nonlinear programming method. It is found that the deposition pressure affects the properties of the films significantly. The film deposited at 2.0 Pa shows the optimal crystal quality with a high transmittance of 85 % in the visible range and a low resistivity of 2.4 × 10−3 Ω·cm and can thus be used as a transparent electrode.
Why has therapy development for dementia failed in the last two decades?
Authors: Gauthier Serge , Albert Marilyn , Fox Nick , Goedert Michel , Kivipelto Miia , Mestre‐Ferrandiz Jorge , Middleton Lefkos T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe success rate of the pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) for dementia drugs has been abysmally low, in the last two decades. Also low has been the number of pipeline drugs in development, compared to other therapy areas. However, the rationale of early terminations has not been reported in the majority of trials. These are key findings of the recently published pharmaceutical pipeline analysis by the UK‐based Office of Health Economics (OHE). Our understanding of main challenges include (1) the significant gaps of knowledge in the nosology and complexity of the underpinning biological mechanisms of the commonest, not familial, forms of late onset dementias; (2) low signal‐to‐noise ratio, notwithstanding the lack of validated biomarkers as entry and/or end‐point criteria; (3) recruitment and retention, particularly in the asymptomatic and early disease stages. A number of current and future strategies aimed at ameliorating drug development are outlined and discussed.
Delayering the global production network into congruent subnetworks
Authors: Ferdows Kasra , Vereecke Ann , De Meyer Arnoud 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe literature in operations management has not kept up with the growing complexity of and opportunities offered by global production networks. Managers need new tools to cope with this complexity. We propose one that is based on a model that delayers the global plant network into a set of subnetworks on the basis of complexity and proprietary information in the products they produce and production processes they use to produce them. This allows examining whether each subnetwork iscongruent—i.e., has an appropriate manufacturing mission and the competencies that it would need to carry it out. We apply this tool to analyze the global production networks of five companies and illustrate its usefulness in performing periodic audit of the global production network and identifying potential strategic anomalies that deserve attention.
Management of Giant Calcified Thoracic Disks and Description of the Trench Vertebrectomy Technique
Authors: Al-Mahfoudh Rafid , Mitchell Paul S. , Wilby Martin , Crooks Daniel , Barrett Chris , Pillay Robin , Pigott Tim 
Published: December 2015

Study Design Case series and review of the literature. Objective To review the management of giant calcified disks in our large cohort and compare with the existing literature. We discuss our surgical technique. Methods Twenty-nine cases of herniated thoracic disk between 2000 and 2013 were reviewed. Eighteen patients were identified as having giant calcified thoracic disks, defined as diffusely calcified disks occupying at least 40% of the spinal canal. Demographic data was collected in addition to presentation, imaging findings, operative details, and outcomes using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale. Results Giant calcified thoracic disks (GCTDs) are unique clinical entities that require special neurosurgical consideration owing to significant (≥40%) involvement of the spinal canal and compression of the spinal cord, often leading to myelopathy. The median age at diagnosis was 51.2 years (range 37 to 70) with the mean duration of presenting symptoms being 9.9 months (range 2 weeks to 3 years). Seventeen (94.4%) patients presented with at least one sign of myelopathy (hyperreflexia, hypertonia, bladder or bowel dysfunction) with the remaining 1 (5.6%) patient presenting with symptoms in keeping with radiculopathy. Thoracotomy was performed on 17 (94.4%) patients, and 1 (5.6%) patient had a costotransverse approach. Mean follow-up was 19.8 months (range 7 months to 2 years). mJOA score improved in 15 (83.3%) patients. mJOA scores in the other patients remained stable. Conclusions GCTDs are difficult neurosurgical challenges owing to their size, degree of spinal cord compression, and consistency. We recommend a trench vertebrectomy via a thoracotomy in their surgical management. This procedure safely allows the identification of normal dura on either side of the compressed segment prior to performing a diskectomy. Excellent fusion rates were achieved with insertion of rib head autograft in the trench.