bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embedding psychological thinking: an evaluation of a regional training model for probation staff
Authors: Mapplebeck Clare , Ramsden Jo , Lowton Mark , Short Sammy , Burn Flora 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline the qualitative evaluation of a training package delivered to offender managers (OMs) working to support the implementation of the national Offender Personality Disorder (OPD) pathway and to examine qualitative changes in the way participants approach case material pre- and post-training.

Design/methodology/approach
In total, 21 pre- and 21 post-training responses to a case vignette were recorded and used in the analysis. OMs were asked what they would like to know more about and what would they focus on with the individual in the vignette. The responses were matched and the vignettes pre- and post-training were identical except for the name of the (fictional) offender.

Findings
The responses were subjected to a thematic analysis and, whilst themes were similar both between questions and within each question over time, post-training responses focussed more on the offender’s relationship with the OM and showed a greater appreciation for the relevance of internal motivations (not just what but why). This tendency was less evident in all responses regarding risk/offending.

Originality/value
The OPD pathway is focussed on learning. The work is innovative and this paper adds to the body of early evidence which will hopefully inform future developments. In particular, the importance of involvement of probation stakeholders in the design and delivery of training is highlighted. In addition, it is expected that future research will focus on the impact of continued supervision for the participants in this study and, as such, this paper forms the beginning of a process of evaluating how and when various workforce development interventions are effective.
Back-testing extreme value and Lévy value-at-risk models
Authors: Mozumder Sharif , Dempsey Michael , Kabir M. Humayun 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to back-test value-at-risk (VaR) models for conditional distributions belonging to a Generalized Hyperbolic (GH) family of Lévy processes – Variance Gamma, Normal Inverse Gaussian, Hyperbolic distribution and GH – and compare their risk-management features with a traditional unconditional extreme value (EV) approach using data from future contracts return data of S&P500, FTSE100, DAX, HangSeng and Nikkei 225 indices.Design/methodology/approachThe authors apply tail-based and Lévy-based calibration to estimate the parameters of the models as part of the initial data analysis. While the authors utilize the peaks-over-threshold approach for generalized Pareto distribution, the conditional maximum likelihood method is followed in case of Lévy models. As the Lévy models do not have closed form expressions for VaR, the authors follow a bootstrap method to determine the VaR and the confidence intervals. Finally, for back-testing, they use both static calibration (on the entire data) and dynamic calibration (on a four-year rolling window) to test the unconditional, independence and conditional coverage hypotheses implemented with 95 and 99 per cent VaRs.FindingsBoth EV and Lévy models provide the authors with a conservative proportion of violation for VaR forecasts. A model targeting tail or fitting the entire distribution has little effect on either VaR calculation or a VaR model’s back-testing performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to explore the back-testing performance of Lévy-based VaR models. The authors conduct various calibration and bootstrap techniques to test the unconditional, independence and conditional coverage hypotheses for the VaRs.
Risk management and managerial mindset
Authors: Eastburn Ronald William , Sharland Alex 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to determine why so many banks do not recognize in a timely manner the inherent risks and imbalances with their risk/reward decision trade-offs, to elevate the risk conversation by embracing a more strategic and adaptive behavioral perspective and to show how an effective risk management organizational mindset is a definite solution for mitigating risk.Design/methodology/approachA direct-mail questionnaire survey was designed with the unit of analysis US community bank (under US$1.5bn in assets) and its risk performance. We used quantitative methods using previously tested scales for main constructs and FDIC bank data for performance measures. To gauge the models capacity for determining discriminatory value, results were also measured against relative peer financial performance.FindingsThe findings established that an effective risk management process that assimilates risk tolerance, risk propensity and risk practices into a managerial mindset offers a sound solution for mitigating risk. By envisioning risk as a “conceptual model of thinking” and interpreting it as a “predictable business process”, and by offering specific “decision enablers” that complement the corporate mindset, it creates a safety net against unsafe risk practices. As a result, it allows for an appreciation that current financial performance is a direct measure of management’s risk decision capabilities.Research limitations/implicationsThe sample size (n= 151), although adequate for our purpose was relatively small, was restricted to US community banks (less than US$1.5bn in assets) and single-informants (CEOs), thereby providing a somewhat narrow focus. Also, the survey was conducted during a slow economic period, and results may be different during a growth period. We see ripe opportunity for further research, especially related to money-center and regional banks and the next level of management as well as the behavioral influences that frame the risk/reward opportunity. Research on other industries, small businesses, etc., would be valuable because risk permeates all decisioning.Practical implicationsFrom a practitioner perspective, providing guidance on risk oversight allows for improved financial performance. The findings should be of interest to financial industry leaders, policy makers and regulators as understanding how an active orientation of risk tolerance, risk propensity and risk practices are coordinated across the organization is vital. Also, managers need to understand how characteristics of risk management manifest itself within their organization in terms of productivity and financial performance.Originality/valueThis paper is the first comprehensive empirical study that incorporates a conceptual approach that uses outcome history, behavioral influences and operational dimensions to identify risk management capabilities in community banks designed to increase risk/reward awareness.
Color texture classification based on proposed impulse-noise resistant color local binary patterns and significant points selection algorithm
Authors: Fekriershad Shervan , Tajeripour Farshad 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to propose a color-texture classification approach which uses color sensor information and texture features jointly. High accuracy, low noise sensitivity and low computational complexity are specified aims for this proposed approach.

Design/methodology/approach
One of the efficient texture analysis operations is local binary patterns (LBP). The proposed approach includes two steps. First, a noise resistant version of color LBP is proposed to decrease its sensitivity to noise. This step is evaluated based on combination of color sensor information using AND operation. In a second step, a significant points selection algorithm is proposed to select significant LBPs. This phase decreases final computational complexity along with increasing accuracy rate.

Findings
The proposed approach is evaluated using Vistex, Outex and KTH-TIPS-2a data sets. This approach has been compared with some state-of-the-art methods. It is experimentally demonstrated that the proposed approach achieves the highest accuracy. In two other experiments, results show low noise sensitivity and low computational complexity of the proposed approach in comparison with previous versions of LBP. Rotation invariant, multi-resolution and general usability are other advantages of our proposed approach.

Originality/value
In the present paper, a new version of LBP is proposed originally, which is called hybrid color local binary patterns (HCLBP). HCLBP can be used in many image processing applications to extract color/texture features jointly. Also, a significant point selection algorithm is proposed for the first time to select key points of images.
Latest in VISION SENSOR Technology as well as innovations in sensing, pressure, force, medical, particle size and many other applications
Authors: Bloss Richard 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review some of the latest in new vision sensor technologies as well as other innovative sensor products being developed and reaching the market.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a review of published information and papers on research as well as contact and discussions with researchers and suppliers in this field at the Vision Show and the Ceramics Show.

Findings
Microelectronics and electrochemical technologies have been a major factor in technology advancements of sensors for a wide range of applications. Vision sensors have become very important, as applications such as drone aircraft and driver less cars have dramatically grown. Technology has advanced and so sensors are becoming smarter, are smaller, offer better resolution, are much more sensitive than in the past and address previously unserved applications.

Originality/value
Readers may be very excited to learn of the many advances in vision and other technologies which are coming to the sensor field. Such sensors are addressing new applications that were not previously possible which are now being served.
Sensors key to advances in precision agriculture
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This study aims to illustrate the growing role that sensors play in agriculture, with an emphasis on precision agricultural practices.

Design/methodology/approach
Following a short introduction, this study first provides an overview of agricultural measurements and applications. It then discusses the importance of airborne and land-based optical sensing techniques and the role of the normalised difference vegetation index. Sensors used on conventional and robotic agricultural machines are considered next, and fixed sensors and sensor networks are then discussed. Finally, brief concluding comments are drawn.

Findings
This shows that much modern agriculture is a high-technology business which relies on a multitude of sensor-based measurements. Sensors are based on a diversity of optical and other technologies and measure a wide range of physical and chemical variables. They are deployed in the air, on agricultural machines and in the field and generate data that can be used to enhance productivity and reduce both costs and the impact on the environment.

Originality/value
This provides a detailed insight into the important role played by sensors in modern agricultural practices.
Contrasting effects of climate and population density over time and life stages in a long‐lived seabird
Authors: Fay Rémi , Barbraud Christophe , Delord Karine , Weimerskirch Henri 
Published: January 2017

Summary

Although population responses to environmental variability have been extensively studied for many organisms, few studies have considered early‐life stages owing to the inherent difficulties in tracking the fate of young individuals. However, young individuals are expected to be more sensitive to environmental stochasticity owing to their inexperience and lower competitive abilities. Thus, they are keys to understand demographic responses of an age‐structured population to environmental variability.

In this study, we used capture–recapture modelling, based on a 49 year‐long individual‐based longitudinal monitoring dataset, to investigate climatic and population density effects on immature demographic parameters in a long‐lived seabird, the wandering albatross.

We provide evidence that climate and population size affected both survival and recruitment age of young individuals although in different ways according to the trait. We found that early‐life survival was mainly affected by population density, whereas recruitment age variation appeared to be better explained by climatic conditions, with a surprising long‐term effect of climate. While population size explained 60% of the variation in juvenile survival, the average Southern Annular Mode over the five previous years explained 52% of variation in recruitment age.

In addition, although early‐life survival was consistently negatively affected by population size, the relationship between recruitment age and population size shifted from negative to positive over time from the 1970s to 2000s, showing that density dependence mechanisms can temporarily disappear.

Finally, we found that similar climatic conditions may affect individual performances in opposite ways according to the life stage of individuals. This result underlines the critical need to assess age‐specific functional responses to environmental variability to allow accurate demographic predictions. By revealing the poorly known demographic process of younger age classes, the results of this study improve our understanding of population dynamics of long‐lived marine species.

A lay summary is available for this article.
Where East meets West: in the house of individuation
Authors: Stein Murray 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe psychological process of individuation as experienced in Jungian work may lead to states of consciousness that resemble advanced spiritual developments across religious traditions and cultures. This is where Westerners may reach a common ground with the East. In the essentials and with respect to the final goal there is little difference among the many ways to the self, even if the cultural features in the landscape are disparate. In late stage Jungian analysis and individuation and in what Erich Neumann calls ‘centroversion’, the personal and the impersonal aspects of the personality accumulate around the ego‐self axis to form a composite identity. In this complex structure the ego does not vanish but is joined to the impersonal archetypal levels of the psyche and identity thus becomes at once individual and archetypal. This is the third stage of conjunction as described by Jung in Mysterium Coniunctionis and it is identical to the type of consciousness depicted in the final scenes of Zen Buddhism's Ten Ox‐Herding Pictures.
Long‐term outcomes of transobturator tapes in women with stress urinary incontinence: E‐TOT randomised controlled trial
Authors: Karmakar D , Mostafa A , Abdel‐Fattah M 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo assess the long‐term patient‐reported outcomes and adverse events following surgery using transobturator tension‐free vaginal tape (TO‐TVT).DesignPostal follow‐up of the E‐TOT randomised controlled trial (RCT).SettingA tertiary urogynaecology centre in the UK; all procedures took place in 2005–2007.PopulationA total of 341 women were randomised to receive either ‘inside‐out’ TVT‐O (Ethicon Inc., Somerville, NJ, USA) or ‘outside‐in’ TOT‐ARIS (Coloplast Corp., Minneapolis, MN, USA) procedure.MethodsLong‐term follow‐up (median 9 years) using validated symptom severity and quality‐of‐life (QoL) questionnaires. Statistical analysis was performed using spss 22.0 and GraphPad statistics 2014.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome was patient‐reported success rate, defined as ‘very much/much improved’ on the Patient's Global Impression of Improvement (PGI‐I) scale. Secondary outcomes included impact on women's QoL and sexual function, adverse events, and re‐operations for stress urinary incontinence (SUI).ResultsThe adjusted response rate was 67.8% and the median follow‐up period was 9.2 years. The overall patient‐reported success rate was 71.6%, with a further 14% reporting ‘improvement’, and there was no significant difference between inside‐out and outside‐in groups (P = 0.76; odds ratio, OR 0.8676; 95% confidence interval, 95% CI 0.4744–1.5865). The success rate showed a significant reduction compared with 1‐year results (71.6 versus 80%; P = 0.004), but a clinically insignificant reduction when compared with the 3‐year results (71.6 versus 73.1%). A total of 7.96% underwent further continence surgery, the tape extrusion/erosion rate was 4.5%, and groin pain/discomfort was reported in 4.32%, with only 1.4% requiring treatment.ConclusionsThis is the largest and longest follow‐up randomised trial of TO‐TVT. TO‐TVT is associated with 71.6% patient‐reported success rate, 4% groin pain/discomfort, and 8% continence re‐operation rate at a median of 9 years follow‐up. The success rate is almost stable after 3 years.Tweetable abstractThe success rate for TO‐TVT is 71% at 9 years, and is almost stable after 3 years; 8% required repeat surgery.
Paramedic resuscitation competency: A survey of Australian and New Zealand emergency medical services
Authors: Dyson Kylie , Bray Janet E , Smith Karen , Bernard Stephen , Straney Lahn , Finn Judith 
Published: January 2017

AbstractObjectiveWe have previously established that paramedic exposure to out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is relatively rare, therefore clinical exposure cannot be relied on to maintain resuscitation competency. We aimed to identify the current practices within emergency medical services (EMS) for developing and maintaining paramedic resuscitation competency.MethodsWe developed and conducted an online cross‐sectional survey of Australian and New Zealand EMS in 2015. The survey was piloted by one EMS and targeted at education managers.ResultsA total of nine of the 10 EMS responded to the survey. All EMS reported that they provide resuscitation training to paramedics at the commencement of their employment (median 16 h, interquartile range [IQR]: 7–80). With the exception of one EMS that did not provide any refresher training, a median of 4 h (IQR: 1–7) resuscitation training was provided to paramedics annually. All EMS used cardiac arrest simulations and skill stations to train paramedics. Paramedic exposure to OHCA was not taken into account to determine their training needs. Resuscitation competency was tested by EMS: annually (3/9), biennially (4/9) or not at all (2/9). Two EMS used CPR‐feedback devices in clinical practice and only one EMS regularly performed formal debriefing after OHCA cases. Barriers to resuscitation competency included: difficulty removing paramedics from clinical duties for training and a lack of paramedic exposure to OHCA.ConclusionAll of the surveyed EMS provided initial resuscitation training to paramedics, but competency testing and refresher training practices varied between services. A lack of individual exposure to cardiac arrest and training time were identified as barriers to resuscitation competency.
Impact of microbial invasion of amniotic cavity and the type of microorganisms on short‐term neonatal outcome in women with preterm labor and intact membranes
Authors: Cobo Teresa , Vives Irene , Rodríguez‐Trujillo Adriano , Murillo Clara , Ángeles Martina A. , Bosch Jordi , Vergara Andrea , Gratacós Eduard , Palacio Montse 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and the type of microorganisms on pregnancy and short‐term neonatal outcomes in women with preterm labor.Material and methodsProspective observational cohort study including women with preterm labor from 22.0 to 36.0 weeks. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity was defined based on amniotic fluid aerobic/anaerobic/mycoplasma cultures, and intra‐amniotic inflammation on amniotic fluid interleukin‐6 levels. Demographic data and pregnancy outcomes were compared among women exposed to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity byUreaplasmaspp., women with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity by other microorganisms, and a No‐microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity/No‐intra‐amniotic inflammation group. The short‐term neonatal outcome was evaluated in women delivering after 24.0 weeks.ResultsWe included 228 women with preterm labor. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity occurred in 35% (80/228), 28% (22/80) being caused byUreaplasmaspp. Gestational age at admission and at delivery were significantly earlier and the rate of delivery at <24.0 weeks' gestation and of women who further developed clinical chorioamnionitis were significantly higher in women with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity by microorganisms other thanUreaplasmaspp. However, after 24 weeks, regardless of the microorganisms isolated, the short‐term neonatal outcome was similar between women exposed to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and the No‐microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity/No‐intra‐amniotic inflammation group when gestational age was considered.ConclusionsMicrobial invasion of the amniotic cavity by microorganisms other thanUreaplasmaspp. was associated with earlier gestational age at admission and at delivery, and a higher rate of preterm delivery <24.0 weeks and of women who developed clinical chorioamnionitis. However, we did not find differences in the short‐term neonatal outcome between women exposed to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and the no‐microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity/no‐intra‐amniotic inflammation group delivering after 24.0 weeks' gestation when adjusted by gestational age at delivery.
Applicability of the Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performance scale in patients with severe mental disorders
Authors: Qiao Ying , He Shen , Su Liang , Zhu Jian‐Zheng , Sheng Jian‐Hua , Li Hua‐Fang 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionThis study was designed to determine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Personal and Social Performance scale (PSP‐CHN) and assess the applicability of using the PSP‐CHN in patients with severe mental disorders.MethodsA total of 285 outpatients with severe mental disorders, 220 with schizophrenia and 65 with major depressive disorder, were enrolled into the study. Both diagnoses were made using the DSM‐IV. All the patients were assessed with the PSP‐CHN, the GAF, and the CGI‐S. In addition, the PANSS and the MADRS were used to assess the patients with schizophrenia and major depressive disorder, respectively.ResultsThe PSP‐CHN showed good internal consistency (Cronbach α = 0.839, n = 285), high interrater reliability for total scores (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC = 0.865, n = 48), and good test‐retest reliability (ICC = 0.892, n = 130). The PSP‐CHN total score showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the GAF score (r = 0.927, P < .01, n = 285), as well as a significant negative correlation with the CGI‐S total score (r = −0.793, P < .01, n = 285), the PANSS total score (r = −0.694, P < .01, n = 220), and the MADRS total score (r = −0.721, P < .01, n = 65).DiscussionWe were able to demonstrate that the PSP‐CHN is a reliable and valid measurement tool to assess the personal and social functioning in patients with severe mental disorders.