bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
France: How COVID-19 Pandemic Affected Learning and Equity of the Education System
Authors: Huillery Elise 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines French educational outcomes before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre-COVID trends reveal a slow continuous decline in academic performance over time, and steadily strong social inequality. Post-COVID evolution is mixed: PISA 2022 shows a sharp decline in performance for 15-year-old students, stronger than in the average OECD country; but PIRLS 2021 shows a remarkable stability in the reading skills of 4th Grade students, which looks like an exception in the context of a global decline in performance; finally, social inequality did not deteriorate in France, which also contrasts with the typical OECD country. These mixed results may be related to the fact that French school closed much less than in most countries during the pandemic, and to the class-size reduction reform implemented in 2017 in Grade 1 and 2 in disadvantaged schools. These policies may have counteracted the pandemic losses for young students, although not for adolescents.
Italy: Student Performance and Learning Loss
Authors: Agasisti Tommaso , Soncin Mara 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRecent evidence from the 2022 wave of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) sheds light on the phenomenon of learning loss exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Italy, having implemented one of the longest national school closures during the pandemic, serves as a notable case study. This chapter reviews studies exploring the extent of learning loss that reveal significant negative results—particularly in mathematics and reading—with the only exception of reading in primary education. The learning loss in lower and upper secondary school ranges between 0.05 and 0.41 standard deviations (SD) respectively in reading, and 0.03 and 0.39 SD in mathematics, with impacts intensifying at higher educational levels. Despite efforts to address learning loss through measures such as online tutoring programmes, the long-term consequences remain a concern, particularly for upper secondary students. Further research is crucial to understanding the full scope of COVID-19’s impact on education, including its implications for student well-being and the enduring effects of the adoption of digital technology.
A 17 MeV pseudoscalar and the LSND, MiniBooNE and ATOMKI anomalies
Authors: Abdallah Waleed , Gandhi Raj , Ghosh Tathagata , Khan Najimuddin , Roy Samiran , Roy Subhojit 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In the absence of any new physics signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), anomalous results at low energy experiments have become the subject of increased attention. We focus on three such results from the LSND, MiniBooNE (MB), and ATOMKI experiments. A 17 MeV pseudoscalar mediator (a′) can account for two (8Be and 4He) out of the three cases in which excess events have been seen in pair creation transitions in ATOMKI. We incorporate this mediator in a gauge invariant extension of the Standard Model (SM) with a second Higgs doublet and three singlet (seesaw) neutrinos (Ni, i = 1, 2, 3). N1,2 participate in an interaction in MB and LSND which, with a′ as mediator, leads to the production of e+e− pairs. The Ni also lead to mass-squared differences for SM neutrinos in agreement with global oscillation data. We first show that such a model offers a natural joint solution to the MB and LSND excesses, providing excellent fits to their data. Next, using the values of the couplings to the quarks and electrons which are required to explain pair creation nuclear transition data for 8Be and 4He in ATOMKI, we show that these values still lead to fits for MB and LSND data. However, once ATOMKI is incorporated, we find that strong constraints from the decays K+ → π+a′ (a′ → e+e−) and π+ → e+νee+e− come into play. While our solution is in conformity with the bounds on the former decay, it remains in tension with 90% CL bounds on the latter. We also discuss other constraints from both collider and non-collider experiments and from electroweak precision data, stability and unitarity. We compute the contributions to the electron and muon g – 2 up to two loops for our model. We discuss tests of the model in upcoming experiments.
Supersolvable posets and fiber-type abelian arrangements
Authors: Bibby Christin , Delucchi Emanuele 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe present a combinatorial analysis of fiber bundles of generalized configuration spaces on connected abelian Lie groups. These bundles are akin to those of Fadell–Neuwirth for configuration spaces, and their existence is detected by a combinatorial property of an associated finite partially ordered set. This is consistent with Terao’s fibration theorem connecting bundles of hyperplane arrangements to Stanley’s lattice supersolvability. We obtain a combinatorially determined class of $$K(\pi ,1)$$

K
(
π
,
1
)

toric and elliptic arrangements. Under a stronger combinatorial condition, we prove a factorization of the Poincaré polynomial when the Lie group is noncompact. In the case of toric arrangements, this provides an analogue of Falk–Randell’s formula relating the Poincaré polynomial to the lower central series of the fundamental group.
Effectiveness and Safety of IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE for Lip Volume Augmentation and/or Redefinition (SMILE Study): A Non-inferiority Randomized Double-Blinded Controlled Study
Authors: Froget Nicolas , Kobylińska Izabela , Warszawik-Hendzel Olga , Guidicelli Thomas , Gotlib Julia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a widely used dermal filler for lip augmentation. IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE (Laboratoires VIVACY) is a monophasic gel consisting of cross-linked HA and includes lidocaine hydrochloride for the reduction of injection-associated pain.

Aims
The SMILE study was designed to assess the non-inferiority of IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE compared to HA-RK-Lido in improving aesthetic lip appearance. The secondary objectives were to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE against the chosen similar active control device.

Patients/Methods
This was a prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized active controlled parallel group study undertaken in two investigational sites between May 2021 and July 2022 (14 months). The primary endpoint of this study was the proportion of subjects reporting an improvement on the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) 3 months after treatment initiation.

Results
Regarding the primary endpoint, the difference between the treatment arms in the proportion of improved subjects was +7.0 [-2.2; 17.7]. The lower limit of this 90% CI, being above the non-inferiority margin of -15 and below zero, demonstrated the non-inferiority of IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE vs. HA-RK-Lido. The secondary outcomes reported by subjects and the blinded live evaluators supported this result. All injection site reactions and device-related adverse events reported in this study were expected, already described and were mostly mild and transient.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated the non-inferiority of IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE to HA-RK-Lido in the aesthetic improvement of the lips. The effect of both treatments decreased over time. Nonetheless, aesthetic improvement was sustained longer in the IPN-20-SENSE LIDOCAINE arm.

Level of Evidence I
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Sandwich Therapy with Radionuclide Combined with Intralesional Injections Based on Differences in the Spatial Structure Components of Keloids
Authors: Ou Xiaolan , Chen Lei , Yu Chunjing , Yan Tao , Huang Biao , Wang Jing , Zhang Shuyu , Lyu Guozhong , Yu Daojiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Complications such as ulceration, depigmentation, and recurrence limit the use of intralesional injections and brachytherapy in keloid treatment. We designed a modified "sandwich" therapy based on the spatial distribution of keloid components to reduce the incidence of these complications.

Methods
First, we analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of scar tissue through single-cell sequencing analysis, ultrasound, and pathology. Subsequently, a "sandwich" therapy combining radionuclide and intralesional injections was designed based on the pattern found in the previous stage. Finally, 40 patients with keloid scars at 41 sites were included in the clinical trial.

Results
Single-cell sequencing identified two significant cellularly highly expressed genes and enriched pathways in the keloid vascular wall that primarily play essential roles in angiogenesis and promoting collagen synthesis, thereby promoting scar growth. Color ultrasound showed that there were hierarchical differences in the blood supply of the keloid, and further H&E, CD34, and eNOS staining showed that there were hierarchical differences in the spatial structure of blood vessels, fibroblasts, and collagen in the keloid. In clinical studies, the complication rate of “sandwich” therapy is lower than that of conventional treatment.

Conclusion
The distribution of blood vessels and collagen in keloid scars is characterized by spatial variability. The "sandwich" therapy of radionuclide combined with intralesional injections is a modified type of precisely targeted therapy designed based on this variability; it has fewer complications and good clinical efficacy and is worthy of popularization.

Level of Evidence II
This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
Influence of cartilage defects and a collagen gel on integrity of corresponding intact cartilage: a biomechanical in-vitro study
Authors: Pieringer Alexander M. , Milz Stefan , Imhoff Andreas B. , Vogt Stephan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Numerous cartilage repair procedures have been developed for focal lesions to minimize suffering and possibly prevent the development of osteoarthritis with a focus on so-called one-step procedures. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of both focal cartilage defects and a biomaterial (ChondroFiller) on the corresponding articular cartilage.

Materials and Methods
On a friction test stand, 18 porcine osteochondral cylinders were tested in six experimental setups under cyclic loading (33 N) against a friction partner in saline solution. The friction partner (cartilage, bone, cartilage defect, cartilage defect with ChondroFiller) and the running times (1 hour and 6 hours) were varied. The damage to the osteochondral cylinders was assessed histologically using a visual damage classification.

Results
The cartilage versus bone group showed severe cartilage damage in both the one-hour and six-hour experiments, with an average damage score of 3.5. Damage in the cartilage versus cartilage defect group was moderate, with damage values of 2.5 (1 h) and 2.67 (6 h). The cartilage versus cartilage defect with ChondroFiller group showed a damage value of 2.67 for the one-hour and 2.5 for the six-hour trials.

Conclusions
Even focal grade IV cartilage lesions can lead to significant damage to the corresponding cartilage in vitro. The damage could not be reduced by the use of ChondroFiller, likely because of the initial instability of this biomaterial. Therefore, a biomaterial must be stable in the beginning with regard to full weight-bearing, or joint loading should be delayed until stable filling of the defect is achieved.
LA-ICP-MS U–Pb dating and trace element analyses of detrital rutile from the Elbtal Group (Saxony, Germany): provenance constraints of the Saxonian Cretaceous Basin
Authors: Rösel Delia , Schulze Marlene Christina , Wilmsen Markus , Zieger-Hofmann Mandy , Linnemann Ulf , Mertz-Kraus Regina 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The steep sandstone cliffs of the Upper Cretaceous Elbtal Group exposed in the Eastern Erzgebirge and the Zittau Sandstone Mountains are impressive remnants of the Saxo-Bohemian Cretaceous Basin. Despite the excellent exposure, little is known about the provenance. Herein, we present LA-ICP-MS U–Pb and trace element data of detrital rutile grains separated from five different formations of the Elbtal Group to characterise and differentiate potential source regions. The Cenomanian samples of the Eastern Erzgebirge (Niederschöna and Oberhäslich formations, lower Elbtal Group) yield an U–Pb rutile age cluster at 320–330 Ma. The source rock lithology is predominantly of metapelitic origin. The Zr-in-rutile temperatures indicate amphibolite- to lower granulite-facies metamorphic conditions. Thus, the Variscan basement exposed in the Erzgebirge is assumed as proto source. The Middle Turonian to Early Coniacian samples from the Zittau Sandstone Mountains (Oybin, Lückendorf and Waltersdorf formations; upper Elbtal Group) yield similar U–Pb rutile ages with a cluster at 320–330 Ma. The source rock lithology is likewise predominantly classified as metapelitic and the Zr-in-rutile temperatures cluster in upper amphibolite- to granulite-facies metamorphic conditions. Exposures with high-grade metamorphic Variscan basement are assumed as likely proto sources for these sedimentary rocks. Sedimentary structures indicate a northerly source and thus contrast with direct input from the Variscan basement located to the south and east. Thus, the most likely sedimentary model is reworking of sediments that were eroded from the Variscan basement prior to the Turonian and deposited within a basin at the northern margin of the Bohemian Massif.

Graphical abstract
The seasonal occurrence of periodontitis – a retrospective cohort study from a practice-based research network
Authors: Peikert Stefanie Anna , Metzger Stephanie , Kruse Anne Brigitte , Mittelhamm Felix , Frisch Eberhard , Vach Kirstin , Ratka-Krüger Petra , Woelber Johan Peter 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objective
Many diseases are characterised by their seasonal appearance due to circannual changes in immune defence and a lifestyle that changes over the seasons. However, there is a lack of studies regarding the influence of seasonality on periodontitis. Therefore, the aim of this non-interventional, retrospective, observational study was to investigate the influence of seasonality on periodontitis.

Materials and methods
Periodontal parameters of 5,908 patients of a practice-based research network (PBRN) were analysed. Probing pocket depth (PPD), Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and tooth mobility were assessed for seasonal fluctuations.

Results
Within the PBRN patient data, seasonality was significantly associated with PPD of the individual months in patients with periodontitis. Pairwise comparison between the months showed significantly higher PPD in July compared to several months. PPD appeared significantly lower in December compared to June and November. Regarding season, the proportion of deep PPDs ($$\:\ge\:$$6 mm) was significantly higher in summer compared to autumn (p = 0.024). Concerning BOP, a significant difference between winter and autumn could be observed (p = 0.016). No seasonal influence was found for tooth mobility.

Conclusion
This practice-network based study indicated a tendency for seasonal variations in periodontal parameters among periodontal patients. However, the differences did not achieve clinical relevance.

Clinical relevance
Regarding the seasonality of several diseases there might also be an influence of seasons on the periodontium, which would have a potential influence on periodontal studies and daily periodontal examination.
Real-world fracture risk, osteoporosis treatment status, and mortality of Japanese non-dialysis patients with chronic kidney disease stages G3–5
Authors: Imanishi Yasuo , Taniuchi Satsuki , Kodama Sho , Yoshida Hisako , Ito Tetsuo , Kawai Ryota , Okubo Naoki , Shintani Ayumi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Few studies have investigated fracture risk and mortality in a Japanese chronic kidney disease (CKD) stages G3–5 population using a large-scale clinical database.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study extracted data from 1 April 2008 to 30 April 2023. A single age–sex-matched control without CKD was matched with each non-dialysis CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) patient. The incidences of all and hip fractures and all-cause mortality after the index date were calculated.

Results
Among 76,598 (38,299 per group) individuals matched, the incidence of all fractures did not differ between the CKD and control groups (5.7% vs 5.8%; hazard ratio [HR] 1.022 [95% confidence interval CI 0.952–1.098], P = 0.542). The CKD group had higher risk of hip fracture than the control group (incidence of hip fracture, 1.7% vs 1.3%; HR 1.415 [95% CI 1.234–1.622], P < 0.001). Multivariable regression analysis showed an increased risk for hip fracture in the CKD vs control groups, and a greater difference in this risk was observed with younger age. Osteoporosis treatment and bone mineral density (BMD) measurements were 10.0% and 5.3% in the CKD group and 4.4% and 4.4% in the control group, respectively. Mortality was also higher in the CKD group (HR 1.413 [95% CI 1.330–1.501], P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Japanese patients with CKD had higher risk of hip fracture than those without. Treatment and BMD measurement for fracture are insufficient in Japanese patients with CKD, and more adequate management of fracture risk is needed.
Links between disasters of natural origin, economic development and gender inequality: evidence for latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Llorente-Marrón Mar , Díaz-Fernández Montserrat , Alonso-Mogollón Jorge Álvaro , Martínez Carolina Cosculluela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper explores the relationship between gender and disasters of natural origin (ND) by considering how the level of economic growth influences the losses caused by these events and how disasters also contribute to gender inequality. To this end, the effects of ND occurring during the 2000–2021 period in 20 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean are analysed using a structural equation approach with fixed effects panel data (SEM-FE) as an analytical tool. The results obtained are in line with previous literature that identifies population growth and economic growth as variables that drive the increase in loss of human life from NDs. The results show evidence of the mitigating effects of gender equality on the impact of NDs measured in terms of human life and of the negative effects of the impact of NDs on gender equality. The findings reinforce gender equality as a key element in preventing disasters and rebuilding a sustainable environment in their aftermath.
Evaluating the 1-year success and safety of ab interno canaloplasty in combination with cataract surgery in glaucoma patients
Authors: Nassri Lina , Prinz Julia , Schellhase Hannah , Fuest Matthias , Koutsonas Antonis , Plange Niklas , Kuerten David 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the treatment success and safety of ab interno canaloplasty (AbiC) combined with cataract surgery in glaucoma patients.

Methods
The prospective case study included 43 eyes that received an AbiC combined with cataract surgery (age 73.3 ± 8.2 years). The 360° microcatheterization and viscodilatation of the Schlemm’s canal was conducted using VISCO 360 (Sight Sciences, CA, USA). The observation period was 12 months with visits at 2 and 6 as well as 12 months, 7 eyes were lost to follow up.

Results
The preoperative IOP was 19.8 ± 4.9 mmHg and was reduced to 14.5 ± 2.8 mmHg 12 months after AbiC (p < 0.0001). The relative IOP reduction was 23.6 ± 23.1% after 12 months. Topical glaucoma medication was also reduced from 2.4 ± 1.1 drugs to 1.1 ± 1.4 (p < 0.001) after 12 months. The complete surgical success rate (defined as IOP < 18 mmHg without topical therapy) was 31.6% whereas the qualified surgical success was 89.5% (IOP < 18 mmHg, with local therapy) There were no relevant intra- or postoperative complications.

Conclusion
AbiC in combination with cataract surgery is a safe and effective procedure to achieve a significant reduction of IOP and local glaucoma medication 12 months after surgery.
Screening auf Hepatitis-B-Virus (HBV-) und Hepatitis-C-Virus (HCV)-Infektionen in hausärztlichen Praxen – eine quantitative Umfrage in Niedersachsen
Authors: Bohnhorst Alina , Princk Christina , Stiel Stephanie , Afshar Kambiz 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Auf Beschluss des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses wurde zum 01.10.2021 das Screening auf Hepatitis-B-Virus-(HBV) und Hepatitis-C-Virus-(HCV)Infektionen als Teil der allgemeinen Gesundheitsuntersuchung in hausärztlichen Praxen eingeführt.

Ziel der Arbeit
Ziel dieser Querschnittsbefragung war es, die bisherige Umsetzung des Screenings exemplarisch für Niedersachsen zu untersuchen.

Material und Methoden
Im Sommer 2023 wurden 5253 Hausärzt:innen in Niedersachsen zur Teilnahme an einer Online-Befragung eingeladen. Der Fragebogen umfasste 62 Items unterteilt in fünf Themen: 1) Soziodemografie der Teilnehmenden, 2) Patientencharakteristika, 3) allgemeine Gesundheitsuntersuchung und Screening, 4) Diagnostik sowie 5) Aufwand, Beratung und Durchführbarkeit inklusive förderliche und hinderliche Aspekte. Die Datenanalyse erfolgte mittels deskriptiver Statistik.

Ergebnisse
Analysiert wurden 194 Fragebögen. Von den Teilnehmenden führten 97,9 % Gesundheitsuntersuchungen durch. Das Screening auf HBV- und HCV-Infektionen wurde von 90,2 % durchgeführt, mehrheitlich unabhängig von spezifischen Kriterien (71,7 %). Die Diagnoserate lag bei 44,3 %. Bei positiven Ergebnissen folgten Labortests (91,3 %) und Facharztüberweisungen (54,4 %). Als förderlich für die weitere Implementierung wurden u. a. zielgruppenspezifisches Informationsmaterial, eine erneute Durchführung und eine höhere Vergütung erachtet. Hindernisse lagen aus Sicht der Teilnehmenden u. a. in der Bürokratie und Stigmatisierung der Zielgruppe bei positivem Ergebnis.

Schlussfolgerung
Das Screening wird in den befragten Praxen mehrheitlich umgesetzt und ermöglicht die Detektion unentdeckter Infektionen. Maßnahmen zur Optimierung des Screenings sind z. B. eine gezielte Ansprache von Risikogruppen, die Möglichkeit zur erneuten Durchführung, Bürokratieabbau, die Erweiterung der Zielgruppe auf unter 35-Jährige und eine adäquate Vergütung.