bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Col-OSSOS: z-Band Photometry Reveals Three Distinct TNO Surface Types
Authors: Pike Rosemary E. , Fraser Wesley C. , Schwamb Megan E. , Kavelaars J. J. , Marsset Michael , Bannister Michele T. , Lehner Matthew J. , Wang Shiang-Yu , Alexandersen Mike , Chen Ying-Tung , Gladman Brett J. , Gwyn Stephen , Petit Jean-Marc , Volk Kathryn 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Several different classes of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) have been identified based on their optical and near-infrared colors. As part of the Colours of the Outer Solar System Origins Survey (Col-OSSOS), we have obtained g-, r-, and z-band photometry of 26 TNOs using Subaru and Gemini Observatories. Previous color surveys have not utilized z-band reflectance, and the inclusion of this band reveals significant surface reflectance variations between sub-populations. The colors of TNOs in g − r and r − z show obvious structure, and appear consistent with the previously measured bi-modality in g − r. The distribution of colors of the two dynamically excited surface types can be modeled using the two-component mixing models from Fraser & Brown. With the combination of g − r and r − z, the dynamically excited classes can be separated cleanly into red and neutral surface classes. In g − r and r − z, the two dynamically excited surface groups are also clearly distinct from the cold classical TNO surfaces, which are red, with

and r − z ≲ 0.6, while all dynamically excited objects with similar g − r colors exhibit redder r − z colors. The z-band photometry makes it possible for the first time to differentiate the red excited TNO surfaces from the red cold classical TNO surfaces. The discovery of different r − z colors for these cold classical TNOs makes it possible to search for cold classical surfaces in other regions of the Kuiper Belt and to completely separate cold classical TNOs from the dynamically excited population, which overlaps in orbital parameter space.
Implications of Galaxy Buildup for Putative IMF Variations in Massive Galaxies
Authors: Blancato Kirsten , Genel Shy , Bryan Greg 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recent observational evidence for initial mass function (IMF) variations in massive quiescent galaxies at z = 0 challenges the long-established paradigm of a universal IMF. While a few theoretical models relate the IMF to birth cloud conditions, the physical driver underlying these putative IMF variations is still largely unclear. Here we use post-processing analysis of the Illustris cosmological hydrodynamical simulation to investigate possible physical origins of IMF variability with galactic properties. We do so by tagging stellar particles in the simulation (each representing a stellar population of

) with individual IMFs that depend on various physical conditions, such as velocity dispersion, metallicity, or star formation rate, at the time and place in which the stars are formed. We then follow the assembly of these populations throughout cosmic time and reconstruct the overall IMF of each z = 0 galaxy from the many distinct IMFs it is composed of. Our main result is that applying the observed relations between IMF and galactic properties to the conditions at the star formation sites does not result in strong enough IMF variations between z = 0 galaxies. Steeper physical IMF relations are required for reproducing the observed IMF trends, and some stellar populations must form with more extreme IMFs than those observed. The origin of this result is the hierarchical nature of massive galaxy assembly, and it has implications for the reliability of the strong observed trends, for the ability of cosmological simulations to capture certain physical conditions in galaxies, and for theories of star formation aiming to explain the physical origin of a variable IMF.
Phase Evolution of the Crab Pulsar between Radio and X-Ray
Authors: Yan L. L. , Ge M. Y. , Yuan J. P. , Zheng S. J. , Lu F. J. , Tuo Y. L. , Tong H. , Zhang S. N. , Lu Y. , Han J. L. , Du Y. J. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We study the X-ray phases of the Crab pulsar utilizing the 11-year observations from the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer, 6-year radio observations from Nanshan Telescope, and the ephemeris from Jodrell Bank Observatory. It is found that the X-ray phases in different energy bands and the radio phases from the Nanshan Telescope show similar behaviors, including long-time evolution and short-time variations. Such strong correlations between the X-ray and radio phases imply that the radio and X-ray timing noises are both generated from the pulsar spin that cannot be well described by the the monthly ephemeris from the Jodrell Bank observatory. When using the Nanshan phases as references to study the X-ray timing noise, it has a significantly smaller variation amplitude and shows no long-time evolution, with a change rate of (−1.1 ± 1.1) × 10−7 periods per day. These results show that the distance of the X-ray and radio emission regions on the Crab pulsar has no detectable secular change, and it is unlikely that the timing noises resulted from any unique physical processes in the radio or X-ray emitting regions. The similar behaviors of the X-ray and radio timing noises also imply that the variation of the interstellar medium is not the origin of the Crab pulsar’s timing noises, which is consistent with the results obtained from the multi-frequency radio observations of PSR B1540−06.
Rocky Worlds Limited to ∼1.8 Earth Radii by Atmospheric Escape during a Star’s Extreme UV Saturation
Authors: Lehmer Owen R. , Catling David C. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Recent observations and analysis of low-mass (<10 M
⊕) exoplanets have found that rocky planets only have radii up to 1.5–2 R
⊕. Two general hypotheses exist for the cause of the dichotomy between rocky and gas-enveloped planets (or possible water worlds): either low-mass planets do not necessarily form thick atmospheres of a few wt.%, or the thick atmospheres on these planets easily escape, driven by X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) emissions from young parent stars. Here, we show that a cutoff between rocky and gas-enveloped planets due to hydrodynamic escape is most likely to occur at a mean radius of 1.76 ± 0.38 (2σ) R
⊕ around Sun-like stars. We examine the limit in rocky planet radii predicted by hydrodynamic escape across a wide range of possible model inputs, using 10,000 parameter combinations drawn randomly from plausible parameter ranges. We find a cutoff between rocky and gas-enveloped planets that agrees with the observed cutoff. The large cross-section available for XUV absorption in the extremely distended primitive atmospheres of low-mass planets results in complete loss of atmospheres during the ∼100 Myr phase of stellar XUV saturation. In contrast, more-massive planets have less-distended atmospheres and less escape, and so retain thick atmospheres through XUV saturation—and then indefinitely as the XUV and escape fluxes drop over time. The agreement between our model and exoplanet data leads us to conclude that hydrodynamic escape plausibly explains the observed upper limit on rocky planet size and few planets (a “valley”, or “radius gap”) in the 1.5–2 R
⊕ range.
Ground-based Parallax Confirmed by Spitzer: Binary Microlensing Event MOA-2015-BLG-020
Authors: Wang Tianshu , Zhu Wei , Mao Shude , Bond I. A. , Gould A. , Udalski A. , Sumi T. , Bozza V. , Ranc C. , Cassan A. , Yee J. C. , Han C. , Abe F. , Asakura Y. , Barry R. , Bennett D. P. , Bhattacharya A. , Donachie M. , Evans P. , Fukui A. , Hirao Y. , Itow Y. , Kawasaki K. , Koshimoto N. , Li M. C. A. , Ling C. H. , Masuda K. , Matsubara Y. , Miyazaki S. , Muraki Y. , Nagakane M. , Ohnishi K. , Rattenbury N. , Saito To. , Sharan A. , Shibai H. , Sullivan D. J. , Suzuki D. , Tristram P. J. , Yamada T. , Yonehara A. ,   (MOA Collaboration), KozŁowski S. , Mróz P. , Pawlak M. , Pietrukowicz P. , Poleski R. , Skowron J. , Soszyński I. , Szymański M. K. , Ulaczyk K. ,   (OGLE Collaboration), Beichman C. , Bryden G. , Calchi Novati S. , Carey S. , Fausnaugh M. , Gaudi B. S. , Henderson C. B. , Shvartzvald Y. , Wibking B. ,   (Spitzer Team), Albrow M. D. , Chung S.-J. , Hwang K.-H. , Jung Y. K. , Ryu Y.-H. , Shin I.-G. , Cha S.-M. , Kim D.-J. , Kim H.-W. , Kim S.-L. , Lee C.-U. , Lee Y. , Park B.-G. , Pogge R. W. ,   (KMTNet Collaboration), Street R. A. , Tsapras Y. , Hundertmark M. , Bachelet E. , Dominik M. , Horne K. , Jaimes R. Figuera , Wambsganss J. , Bramich D. M. , Schmidt R. , Snodgrass C. , Steele I. A. , Menzies J. ,   (RoboNet Collaboration)
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present the analysis of the binary gravitational microlensing event MOA-2015-BLG-020. The event has a fairly long timescale (∼63 days) and thus the light curve deviates significantly from the lensing model that is based on the rectilinear lens-source relative motion. This enables us to measure the microlensing parallax through the annual parallax effect. The microlensing parallax parameters constrained by the ground-based data are confirmed by the Spitzer observations through the satellite parallax method. By additionally measuring the angular Einstein radius from the analysis of the resolved caustic crossing, the physical parameters of the lens are determined. It is found that the binary lens is composed of two dwarf stars with masses

and

in the Galactic disk. Assuming that the source star is at the same distance as the bulge red clump stars, we find the lens is at a distance

. We also provide a summary and short discussion of all of the published microlensing events in which the annual parallax effect is confirmed by other independent observations.
Quasi-periodic Pulse Amplitude Modulation in the Accreting Millisecond Pulsar IGR J00291+5934
Authors: Bult Peter , Doesburgh Marieke van , Klis Michiel van der 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We introduce a new method for analyzing the aperiodic variability of coherent pulsations in accreting millisecond X-ray pulsars (AMXPs). Our method involves applying a complex frequency correction to the time-domain light curve, allowing for the aperiodic modulation of the pulse amplitude to be robustly extracted in the frequency domain. We discuss the statistical properties of the resulting modulation spectrum and show how it can be correlated with the non-pulsed emission to determine if the periodic and aperiodic variability are coupled processes. Using this method, we study the 598.88 Hz coherent pulsations of the AMXP IGR J00291+5934 as observed with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer and XMM-Newton. We demonstrate that our method easily confirms the known coupling between the pulsations and a strong 8 mHz quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) in XMM-Newton observations. Applying our method to the RXTE observations, we further show, for the first time, that the much weaker 20 mHz QPO and its harmonic are also coupled with the pulsations. We discuss the implications of this coupling and indicate how it may be used to extract new information on the underlying accretion process.
On the Impact Origin of Phobos and Deimos. I. Thermodynamic and Physical Aspects
Authors: Hyodo Ryuki , Genda Hidenori , Charnoz Sébastien , Rosenblatt Pascal 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Phobos and Deimos are the two small moons of Mars. Recent works have shown that they can accrete within an impact-generated disk. However, the detailed structure and initial thermodynamic properties of the disk are poorly understood. In this paper, we perform high-resolution SPH simulations of the Martian moon-forming giant impact that can also form the Borealis basin. This giant impact heats up the disk material (around ∼2000 K in temperature) with an entropy increase of ∼1500 J K−1 kg−1. Thus, the disk material should be mostly molten, though a tiny fraction of disk material (

) would even experience vaporization. Typically, a piece of molten disk material is estimated to be meter sized owing to the fragmentation regulated by their shear velocity and surface tension during the impact process. The disk materials initially have highly eccentric orbits (e ∼ 0.6–0.9), and successive collisions between meter-sized fragments at high impact velocity (∼1–5 km s−1) can grind them down to ∼100 μm sized particles. On the other hand, a tiny amount of vaporized disk material condenses into ∼0.1 μm sized grains. Thus, the building blocks of the Martian moons are expected to be a mixture of these different sized particles from meter-sized down to ∼100 μm sized particles and ∼0.1 μm sized grains. Our simulations also suggest that the building blocks of Phobos and Deimos contain both impactor and Martian materials (at least 35%), most of which come from the Martian mantle (50–150 km in depth; at least 50%). Our results will give useful information for planning a future sample return mission to Martian moons, such as JAXA’s MMX (Martian Moons eXploration) mission.
Emission Lines in the Near-infrared Spectra of the Infrared Quintuplet Stars in the Galactic Center
Authors: Najarro F. , Geballe T. R. , Figer D. F. , Fuente D. de la 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We report the detection of a number of emission lines in the 1.0–2.4 μm spectra of four of the five bright-infrared dust-embedded stars at the center of the Galactic center’s (GC) Quintuplet Cluster. Spectroscopy of the central stars of these objects is hampered not only by the large interstellar extinction that obscures all of the objects in the GC, but also by the large amounts of warm circumstellar dust surrounding each of the five stars. The pinwheel morphologies of the dust observed previously around two of them are indicative of Wolf–Rayet colliding wind binaries; however, infrared spectra of each of the five have until now revealed only dust continua steeply rising to long wavelengths and absorption lines and bands from interstellar gas and dust. The emission lines detected, from ionized carbon and from helium, are broad and confirm that the objects are dusty late-type carbon Wolf–Rayet stars.
Gas Dynamics of a Luminous z = 6.13 Quasar ULAS J1319+0950 Revealed by ALMA High-resolution Observations
Authors: Shao Yali , Wang Ran , Jones Gareth C. , Carilli Chris L. , Walter Fabian , Fan Xiaohui , Riechers Dominik A. , Bertoldi Frank , Wagg Jeff , Strauss Michael A. , Omont Alain , Cox Pierre , Jiang Linhua , Narayanan Desika , Menten Karl M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present new Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations of the dust continuum and [C ii] 158 μm fine structure line emission toward a far-infrared-luminous quasar, ULAS J131911.29+095051.4 at z = 6.13, and combine the new Cycle 1 data with ALMA Cycle 0 data. The combined data have an angular resolution of ∼0.″3, and resolve both the dust continuum and the [C ii] line emission on a few kiloparsec scales. The [C ii] line emission is more irregular than that of the dust continuum emission, which suggests different distributions between the dust and the [C ii]-emitting gas. The combined data confirm the [C ii] velocity gradient that we had previously detected in a lower-resolution ALMA image from the Cycle 0 data alone. We apply a tilted ring model to the [C ii] velocity map to obtain a rotation curve, and constrain the circular velocity to be 427 ± 55 km s−1 at a radius of 3.2 kpc with an inclination angle of 34°. We measure the dynamical mass within the 3.2 kpc region to be

. This yields a black-hole and host galaxy mass ratio of

, which is about

times higher than that of the present-day

/

ratio. This suggests that the supermassive black hole grows the bulk of its mass before the formation of most of the stellar mass in this quasar host galaxy in the early universe.
IL-33 Drives Monocyte Recruitment to Lung Interstitium through Chemokine Upregulation
Authors: Tjota Melissa Y , Camacho Daniel F , Turnquist Heth R , Sperling Anne I 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Tissue infiltration by circulating monocytes is a critical step in the initiation and augmentation of type 2 inflammatory responses in the lungs. Our studies demonstrate that IL-33−/− mice have a defect in monocyte extravasation from the vasculature to the lung interstitium during induction of type 2 inflammatory responses. This result suggests that monocyte migration to the lungs is IL-33 dependent, and we found that administration of exogenous recombinant IL-33 is sufficient to restore monocyte localization to the lung interstitium. Further investigation of the effect of early administration of recombinant IL-33 on the lungs identified upregulation of multiple chemokines including the monocyte chemoattractants CCL2, CCL7, and CCL22. Importantly, blockade of G-protein coupled receptor–dependent signaling, and thereby chemokine receptor activity, inhibited IL-33–driven monocyte recruitment. CCR2 deficiency prevented recruitment of monocytes to the lung extravascular space during allergic sensitization, and resulted in reduced eosinophilia after allergen challenge. Thus, IL-33 plays a critical role in the initiation of type 2 inflammatory responses by inducing upregulation of chemokines that promote monocyte recruitment to the lung interstitium.
Cultural Self-Discovery in Vasco Pires's Trilingual Poetry
Authors: Teorey Matthew 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Biracial immigrants from the Cape Verde islands to the United States have faced racial discrimination and cultural denigration for generations. Vasco Pires published a collection of poems in 2003 to help fellow Cape Verdean-Americans seeking self-respect and civil rights by encouraging them to identify as Black. Despite being the proud grandson of immigrants, Pires's connection to the islands was secondhand and his ethnic identity was diminished by the assertive racial problems he and his community experienced. Soon after his first book, however, Pires visited his ancestral homeland four times in three years. The result was a cultural reawakening and a second book in 2010 that reversed the position he took in the first book. Highlighting the culture and language of the islands, the second book urged Cape Verdean-Americans to reconnect with their ethnic heritage. This article compares the poems, translations, and illustrations in the two books, analyzing Pires's newfound self-awareness and his more extensive use of Cape Verdean languages (Portuguese and Kriolu) as he challenges all Americans to become culturally bilingual.
Surfaces for Practices in Kanai Mieko's When Treading on Soft Earth,: Translating Sensation from Screen to Novel
Authors: Sakaki Atsuko 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
This article discusses a prose narrative rendition of haptic sensation felt across the cinematic screen in Kanai Mieko's novel Yawarakai tsuchi o funde, (When Treading on Soft Earth, 1997). The author, who laments the loss of multisensorial effects of film in video format in her essays, strategically engages videos in this narrative that is filled with instances of watching and remembering cinematic scenes while being interrupted by banal occurrences in the everyday lives of urban consumers. That specific scenes elaborated or repeatedly revisited in this novel are evocative of skin touching other materials, either visible on screen or imagined by the spectator, resurrects the obliterated corporeality and materiality of lived bodies and space-time in image-saturated 1980s Japan. With its thematic focus on the restoration of tactility in visual and textual mediums, its structural preference for the Deleuzean “fold,” which cannot be reduced to a point, line, or flat plane, and its publication format that defies the norm of mechanical reproduction, Kanai's novel effectively challenges ocularcentrism, the normative modern novel, and the order of print culture, as well as destabilizing the legitimacy of the transcendental and disembodied subject, whether it is a narrator, viewer, or reader of the book in question.
Proyección Social Universitaria-Utec: un espacio para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de las competencias profesionales en Antropología
Authors: Osegueda Carlos Felipe 
Published: August 2017

El tema “Proyección social universitaria-Utec, un espacio para la enseñanzaaprendizaje de las competencias profesionales en Antropología” tiene el propósito de poner en perspectiva la experiencia desarrollada en los últimos 5 años de carrera de un profesional de la Antropología, aplicando procesos de investigación bajo el enfoque metodológico “investigación-acción”, en donde las relaciones entre el cuerpo docente, los estudiantes, así como con los beneficiarios directos e indirectos de las comunidades, que se ven intervenidas, integran un sistema tridimensional que permite dar respuestas prácticas a aquellas necesidades, tanto objetivas como subjetivas, en el ámbito sociocultural de las localidades; pero que, además, permite aportar, desde las competencias estudiantiles, con la elaboración de instrumentos para la recolección de datos, búsqueda de informantes claves, registros y procesamiento de la información recabada, reproducción de los resultados por medio de catálogos, muestrarios y monografías, impulsand procesos de sensibilización y empoderamiento de los resultados por parte de la población beneficiaria, entre otros productos, que viabilizan significativamente un rostro de identidades locales; que a la vez robustecen al imaginario colectivo nacional, así como identitario de todas aquellas manifestaciones culturales que hacen diferentes o particulares a los municipios donde se han impulsado dichos procesos.Finalmente se hace mención de la estrategia de responsabilidad social que las instituciones de eduación superior (IES) despliegan para la consecución de los objetivos, que cada una de las escuelas proponen, en los diferentes proyectos de impacto a nivel social, quedando manifiesto el compromiso de generar sujetos críticos y transformadores de la realidad donde se desarrollan.
Modeling Hegemony through Stasis: Xenophon on Sparta at Thebes and Phlius
Authors: Buxton Richard Fernando 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Xenophon’s programmatic preface to his narrative of the revolution at Thebes (Hellenica 5.4.1) in 378 B.C.E. suggests that the author positions the stasis there as an interpretive model for the larger contemporary wars over mainland hegemony, similar to Thucydides with Corcyra. Accordingly, the abuses of the Spartan-backed government at Thebes and the resentment that these provoke provide a blueprint for understanding the broader disintegration of support for Sparta’s hegemony in the period before Leuctra. However, Sparta’s contrastingly fair resolution of a stasis at Phlius and the enduring loyalty that this engenders further provided Xenophon with the opportunity to introduce an alternative paradigm of benevolent hegemony.
Kapêloi and Economic Rationality in Fourth-Century B.C.E. Athens
Authors: Leese Michael 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Though extremely important within the debate over the ancient economy, economic rationality has been the focus of little empirical analysis, and scholars are still sharply divided over this critical issue. The behavior of kapêloi in fourth-century B.C.E. Athens, however, which has been largely neglected in debates over economic rationality, provides new insights into the problem. This behavior both constitutes some of the most compelling evidence that ancient Greeks did behave in an economically rational manner and reveals that the behavior of individuals and the performance of the overall economic system also operated according to the rules of modern economic theory.
Altera Roma: Livy’s Variations on a Ciceronian Theme
Authors: Kenty Joanna 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In narrating Rome’s victory over Capua in the Hannibalic War, Livy engages substantially with Cicero’s three orations De Lege Agraria as an intertext, and in particular with Cicero’s argument that moral corruption caused political dysfunction in Capua. Livy makes this a central theme, not only of his narrative of the city’s fall in Book 26, but of earlier events in the city, as early as Book 4. Livy’s portrayal of popularis demagoguery in Capua also evokes Cicero’s arguments against popularis agrarian laws. Capua is thus set up, via intertextual engagement with Cicero, as an ominous precursor to Rome in Livy’s day.