bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A RESOLVED MAP OF THE INFRARED EXCESS IN A LYMAN BREAK GALAXY AT z = 3
Authors: Koprowski M. P. , Coppin K. E. K. , Geach J. E. , Hine N. K. , Bremer M. , Chapman S. , Davies L. J. M. , Hayashino T. , Knudsen K. K. , Kubo M. , Lehmer B. D. , Matsuda Y. , Smith D. J. B. , van der Werf P. P. , Violino G. , Yamada T. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
We have observed the dust continuum of 10 z = 3.1 Lyman break galaxies with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at ∼450 mas resolution in Band 7. We detect and resolve the 870 μm emission in one of the targets with a flux density of S
870 = 192 ± 57 μJy, and measure a stacked 3σ signal of S
870 = 67 ± 23 μJy for the remaining nine. The total infrared luminosities are L
8–1000 = (8.4 ± 2.3) × 1010
L
⊙ for the detection and L
8–1000 = (2.9 ± 0.9) × 1010
L
⊙ for the stack. With Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys I-band imaging we map the rest-frame UV emission on the same scale as the dust, effectively resolving the “infrared excess” (IRX = L
FIR/L
UV) in a normal galaxy at z = 3. Integrated over the galaxy we measure IRX = 0.56 ± 0.15, and the galaxy-averaged UV slope is β = −1.25 ± 0.03. This puts the galaxy a factor of ∼10 below the IRX–β relation for local starburst nuclei of Meurer et al. However, IRX varies by more than a factor of 3 across the galaxy, and we conclude that the complex relative morphology of the dust relative to UV emission is largely responsible for the scatter in the IRX–β relation at high-z. A naive application of a Meurer-like dust correction based on the UV slope would dramatically overestimate the total star formation rate, and our results support growing evidence that when integrated over the galaxy, the typical conditions in high-z star-forming galaxies are not analogous to those in the local starburst nuclei used to establish the Meurer relation.
AxIOM: Amphipod crustaceans from insular Posidonia oceanica seagrass meadows
Authors: Michel Loïc , Sturaro Nicolas , Heughebaert André , Lepoint Gilles 
Published: September 2016

The Neptune grass, Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, 1813, is the most widespread seagrass of the Mediterranean Sea. This foundation species forms large meadows that, through habitat and trophic services, act as biodiversity hotspots. In Neptune grass meadows, amphipod crustaceans are one of the dominant groups of vagile invertebrates, forming an abundant and diverse taxocenosis. They are key ecological components of the complex, pivotal, yet critically endangered Neptune grass ecosystems. Nevertheless, comprehensive qualitative and quantitative data about amphipod fauna found in Mediterranean Neptune grass meadows remain scarce, especially in insular locations.
Here, we provide in-depth metadata about AxIOM, a sample-based dataset published on the GBIF portal. AxIOM is based on an extensive and spatially hierarchized sampling design with multiple years, seasons, day periods, and methods. Samples were taken along the coasts of Calvi Bay (Corsica, France) and of the Tavolara-Punta Coda Cavallo Marine Protected Area (Sardinia, Italy). In total, AxIOM contains 187 samples documenting occurrence (1775 records) and abundance (10720 specimens) of amphipod crustaceans belonging to 72 species spanning 29 families. The dataset is available at http://ipt.biodiversity.be/resource?r=axiom.
Stimulation of TLR4 Attenuates Alzheimer’s Disease–Related Symptoms and Pathology in Tau-Transgenic Mice
Authors: Qin Yiren , Liu Yang , Hao Wenlin , Decker Yann , Tomic Inge , Menger Michael D. , Liu Chunfeng , Fassbender Klaus 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. The primary component, hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau), contributes to neuronal death. Recent studies have shown that autophagy efficiently degrades p-Tau, but the mechanisms modulating autophagy and subsequent p-Tau clearance in AD remain unclear. In our study, we first analyzed the relationship between the inflammatory activation and autophagy in brains derived from aged mice and LPS-injected inflammatory mouse models. We found that inflammatory activation was essential for activation of autophagy in the brain, which was neuronal ATG5-dependent. Next, we found that autophagy in cultured neurons was enhanced by LPS treatment of cocultured macrophages. In further experiments designed to provoke chronic mild stimulation of TLR4 without inducing obvious neuroinflammation, we gave repeated LPS injections (i.p., 0.15 mg/kg, weekly for 3 mo) to transgenic mice overexpressing human Tau mutant (P301S) in neurons. We observed significant enhancement of neuronal autophagy, which was associated with a reduction of cerebral p-Tau proteins and improved cognitive function. In summary, these results show that neuroinflammation promotes neuronal autophagy and that chronic mild TLR4 stimulation attenuates AD-related tauopathy, likely by activating neuronal autophagy. Our study displays the beneficial face of neuroinflammation and suggests a possible role in the treatment of AD patients.
Hierarchy of climate and hydrological uncertainties in transient low-flow projections
Authors: Vidal Jean-Philippe , Hingray Benoît , Magand Claire , Sauquet Eric , Ducharne Agnès 
Published: September 2016

Abstract. This paper proposes a methodology for estimating the transient probability distribution of yearly hydrological variables conditional to an ensemble of projections built from multiple general circulation models (GCMs), multiple statistical downscaling methods (SDMs), and multiple hydrological models (HMs). The methodology is based on the quasi-ergodic analysis of variance (QE-ANOVA) framework that allows quantifying the contributions of the different sources of total uncertainty, by critically taking account of large-scale internal variability stemming from the transient evolution of multiple GCM runs, and of small-scale internal variability derived from multiple realizations of stochastic SDMs. This framework thus allows deriving a hierarchy of climate and hydrological uncertainties, which depends on the time horizon considered. It was initially developed for long-term climate averages and is here extended jointly to (1) yearly anomalies and (2) low-flow variables. It is applied to better understand possible transient futures of both winter and summer low flows for two snow-influenced catchments in the southern French Alps. The analysis takes advantage of a very large data set of transient hydrological projections that combines in a comprehensive way 11 runs from four different GCMs, three SDMs with 10 stochastic realizations each, as well as six diverse HMs. The change signal is a decrease in yearly low flows of around −20  % in 2065, except for the more elevated catchment in winter where low flows barely decrease. This signal is largely masked by both large- and small-scale internal variability, even in 2065. The time of emergence of the change signal is however detected for low-flow averages over 30-year time slices starting as early as 2020. The most striking result is that a large part of the total uncertainty – and a higher one than that due to the GCMs – stems from the difference in HM responses. An analysis of the origin of this substantial divergence in HM responses for both catchments and in both seasons suggests that both evapotranspiration and snowpack components of HMs should be carefully checked for their robustness in a changed climate in order to provide reliable outputs for informing water resource adaptation strategies.
Organizational Training Modalities: Investigating the Impact of Learner Preference on Performance
Authors: Paul Tyechia Veronica 
Published: September 2016

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Employee training is a strategic business investment, a manifestation of firms’ commitment to improve service, operations, career development, and employee performance. Traditionally, training has been delivered in a face-to-face format. However, new training modalities of e-learning and mobile learning have emerged. Managers and workforce training professionals often face the challenge of selecting training modes that are economical, convenient, effective, and in the format preferred by the employees. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether learner preference for a training modality impacts the learners’ training performance.</p><p>A group of 103 study participants completed a workforce training module in one of three training modalities, face-to-face, e-learning, and mobile learning. Study participants completed a four-step experiment, which included a pre-assessment, training intervention, post-assessment, and survey. The research showed that although there was an interaction between training preference and training method on post-assessment performance, there was no significant difference in the training performance of learners who were trained in their preferred method versus those who not trained in their preferred method. This indicates that organizational training and development professionals should base their decision on other factors.</p><p><strong>Keywords: </strong>training, e-learning, mobile learning, workforce development, preference, organizational training, employee training, human resource development</p>
Opkomst en voortbestaan van de Derde Weg
Authors: Oudenampsen Merijn 
Published: September 2016

Rise and continuation of the Third Way. The riddle of the missing feathers.
In the 1990’s, the Dutch social democrats were trailblazers of what became known internationally as the politics of the Third Way, a new middle course between social democracy and neoliberalism. From the start, the Dutch Third Way distinguished itself from its Anglo-Saxon counterparts by its implicit character. The Dutch social democrat party (Partij van de Arbeid, PvdA) never fully embraced the Third Way and has sought to downplay the idea of a break with traditional social democratic thinking, combining Third Way practice with more classical social democratic rhetoric. The resulting political ambiguity, this paper argues, is at the centre of the present identity crisis of the social democrat party. Even though Third Way ideology has at times been declared dead, the range of attitudes, strategies and policy proposals that were introduced under its banner, still play a vital and prominent role in Dutch politics. While in the UK and the US, communitarianism was from the very beginning a defining feature of the Third Way, in the Netherlands this only came to the fore in 2012 under the leadership of Samsom and Asscher, and in the plea for a participation society under the Rutte II government. Leading us to conclude that the reports of the Third Way’s death are greatly exaggerated.
Intercreditor-issues tussen cash flow en asset based financiers
Authors: Viëtor D.A. , Orval M.J.H. 
Published: September 2016

Intercreditor-issues tussen cash flow en asset based financiers
Ter voorkoming van onevenredige benadeling van cash flow‍- of asset based financiers bij financiële problemen van de debiteur zijn afspraken over de uitoefening van hun bevoegdheden van groot belang. De gebruikelijke majority lenders-beslissing werkt niet goed. Andere afspraken, die beter aansluiten bij hun respectievelijke positie en belangen, zijn dan noodzakelijk.
Generation of Osteosarcomas from a Combination of Rb Silencing and c-Myc Overexpression in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Authors: Wang Jir-You , Wu Po-Kuei , Chen Paul Chih-Hsueh , Lee Chia-Wen , Chen Wei-Ming , Hung Shih-Chieh 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) was a malignant tumor occurring with unknown etiology that made prevention and early diagnosis difficult. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which were found in bone marrow, were claimed to be a possible origin of OS but with little direct evidence. We aimed to characterize OS cells transformed from human MSCs (hMSCs) and identify their association with human primary OS cells and patient survival. Genetic modification with p53 or retinoblastoma (Rb) knockdown and c-Myc or Ras overexpression was applied for hMSC transformation. Transformed cells were assayed for proliferation, differentiation, tumorigenecity, and gene expression profile. Only the combination of Rb knockdown and c-Myc overexpression successfully transformed hMSCs derived from four individual donors, with increasing cell proliferation, decreasing cell senescence rate, and increasing ability to form colonies and spheres in serum-free medium. These transformed cells lost the expression of certain surface markers, increased in osteogenic potential, and decreased in adipogenic potential. After injection in immunodeficient mice, these cells formed OS-like tumors, as evidenced by radiographic analyses and immunohistochemistry of various OS markers. Microarray with cluster analysis revealed that these transformed cells have gene profiles more similar to patient-derived primary OS cells than their normal MSC counterparts. Most importantly, comparison of OS patient tumor samples revealed that a combination of Rb loss and c-Myc overexpression correlated with a decrease in patient survival. This study successfully transformed human MSCs to OS-like cells by Rb knockdown and c-Myc overexpression that may be a useful platform for further investigation of preventive and target therapy for human OS.
Electrical Cell-Substrate Impedance Spectroscopy Can Monitor Age-Grouped Human Adipose Stem Cell Variability During Osteogenic Differentiation
Authors: Nordberg Rachel C. , Zhang Jianlei , Griffith Emily H. , Frank Matthew W. , Starly Binil , Loboa Elizabeth G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Human adipose stem cells (hASCs) are an attractive cell source for bone tissue engineering applications. However, a critical issue to be addressed before widespread hASC clinical translation is the dramatic variability in proliferative capacity and osteogenic potential among hASCs isolated from different donors. The goal of this study was to test our hypothesis that electrical cell-substrate impedance spectroscopy (ECIS) could track complex bioimpedance patterns of hASCs throughout proliferation and osteogenic differentiation to better understand and predict variability among hASC populations. Superlots composed of hASCs from young (aged 24–36 years), middle-aged (aged 48–55 years), and elderly (aged 60–81 years) donors were seeded on gold electrode arrays. Complex impedance measurements were taken throughout proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. During osteogenic differentiation, four impedance phases were identified: increase, primary stabilization, drop phase, and secondary stabilization. Matrix deposition was first observed 48–96 hours after the impedance maximum, indicating, for the first time, that ECIS can identify morphological changes that correspond to late-stage osteogenic differentiation. The impedance maximum was observed at day 10.0 in young, day 6.1 in middle-aged, and day 1.3 in elderly hASCs, suggesting that hASCs from younger donors require a longer time to differentiate than do hASCs from older donors, but young hASCs proliferated more and accreted more calcium long-term. This is the first study to use ECIS to predict osteogenic potential of multiple hASC populations and to show that donor age may temporally control onset of osteogenesis. These findings could be critical for development of patient-specific bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine therapies.
Simulation of an ultralow-power power management circuit for MEMS cantilever piezoelectric vibration energy harvesters
Authors: Takei Ryohei , Okada Hironao , Makimoto Natsumi , Itoh Toshihiro , Kobayashi Takeishi 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
We developed a power management circuit for piezoelectric microelectromechanical system cantilever vibration energy harvesters (VEHs) with ultralow-power consumption. The power management circuit was effective in a wireless vibration monitoring system. To operate the system, ultralow-power electronics were required because only a small amount of electrical power was generated from the faint environmental vibration. Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT) and aluminum nitride (AlN) VEHs were fabricated and their equivalent circuits were extracted from output voltage measurements. The power management circuit was simulated using the extracted circuits. The simulation suggested that the power management circuit can be driven by a vibration acceleration of 1.0 m/s2 by lowering the power consumption of the power management circuit using existing electronics.
Observations of the vertical and temporal evolution of a Natal Pulse along the Eastern Agulhas Bank
Authors: Pivan Xavier , Krug Marjolaine , Herbette Steven 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study reinvestigates the work of Lutjeharms et al. (2001, 2003) who documented the properties of a Natal Pulse using isopycnal Lagrangian floats. We combined Lagrangian analyses and Eulerian maps derived from objective analysis to better describe the evolution of a Natal Pulse along three density surfaces referred to as the surface (satellite‐observed), shallow (isopycnal 1026.8 kg m−3), and deep (isopycnal 1027.2 kg m−3) layer. Our observations show that this Natal Pulse extended to a depth of 1000 m and was associated with cyclonic relative vorticity values of about 6.5–8.5 × 10−5 s−1 in the surface and shallow layer and 4 × 10−5 s−1 in the deep layer. This Natal Pulse contributed to cross‐shelf exchange through the offshore advection of Eastern Agulhas Bank water near the surface, onshore advection of South Indian Central Water and/or Indian Equatorial Water in the shallow layer, and Antarctic Intermediate Water in the deep layer. Sea surface temperature maps showed that the downstream progression of the Natal Pulse along the 3000 m isobath was related to a readjustment of its rotation axis. This readjustment advected Eastern Agulhas Bank water into the Natal Pulse eddy and triggered a SST cooling of about 3°C in the cyclonic area. The importance of a warm recirculating Agulhas plume originating from the Natal Pulse was highlighted. This warm water plume extended to a depth of 700 m and was associated with onshore velocities exceeding those experienced within the Natal Pulse eddy by a factor of 2. Our observations indicate that the June/July 1998 Natal Pulse and its associated plumes enhanced cross‐shelf exchanges.
Roles of deep and shallow convection and microphysics in the MJO simulated by the Model for Prediction Across Scales
Authors: Pilon Romain , Zhang Chidong , Dudhia Jimy 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe November event of the Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO) during the Dynamics of North Atlantic Models (DYNAMO) field campaign was simulated using the global compressible nonhydrostatic Model for Prediction Across Scales with global coarse (60 and 15 km) and regional (the Indian Ocean) cloud‐permitting (3 km) meshes. The purpose of this study is to compare roles of parameterized deep and shallow cumulus and microphysics in MJO simulations. Two cumulus schemes were used: Tiedtke and Grell‐Freitas. The deep and shallow components of Tiedtke scheme can be turned on and off individually. The results reveal that microphysics alone (without cumulus parameterization) is able to produce strong signals of the MJO in precipitation with 3 km mesh and weak MJO signals with 15 km mesh. A shallow scheme (Tiedtke) along with microphysics strengthens the MJO signals but makes them less well organized on large scales. A deep cumulus scheme can either improve the large‐scale organization of MJO precipitation produced by microphysics and shallow convection (Tiedtke) or impair them (Grell‐Freitas). The deep scheme of Tiedtke cannot reproduce the MJO well without its shallow counterpart. The main role of shallow convection in the model is to transport moisture upward to the lower to middle troposphere. By doing so, it removes dry biases in the lower to middle troposphere, a distinct feature in simulations with weak or no MJO signals, and enhances total precipitation and diabatic heating produced by microphysics and deep cumulus schemes. Changing model grid spacing from 60 to 15 km makes a little difference in the model fidelity of reproducing the MJO. All roles of shallow convection in 15 km simulations with parameterized deep convection cannot be reproduced in 3 km simulations without parameterized deep convection. Results from this study suggest that we should pay more attention to the treatment of shallow convection and its connection to other parameterized processes for improving MJO simulations. In other words, a holistic approach should be taken that consider parameterization of shallow cumulus, microphysics, boundary layer, and deep cumulus as a whole for model improvement.
Coyote unmanned aircraft system observations in Hurricane Edouard (2014)
Authors: Cione J. J. , Kalina E. A. , Uhlhorn E. W. , Farber A. M. , Damiano B. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractHorizontal wind, temperature, and moisture observations are presented from two Coyote unmanned aircraft system (UAS) flights in the boundary layer of Hurricane Edouard (2014). The first flight sampled the meteorological conditions in the eye and eyewall at altitudes from 900 to 1500 m while Edouard was a major hurricane (105 kt) on 16 September 2014. The following day, a second Coyote sampled the inflow layer outside of the storm core at ~760 m altitude, when Edouard had weakened to an 80‐kt hurricane. These flights represent the first deployments of a UAS from an airborne manned aircraft into a tropical cyclone. Comparisons between the Coyote data and the Lockheed WP‐3D Orion (WP‐3D) flight‐level measurements and analyses constructed from dropsonde data are also provided. On 16 September 2014, the Coyote‐measured horizontal wind speeds agree, on average, to within ~1 m s−1 of the wind speeds observed by the WP‐3D and reproduce the shape of the radial wind profile from the WP‐3D measurements. For the inflow layer experiment on 17 September, the mean wind speeds from the Coyote and the dropsonde analysis differ by only 0.5 m s−1, while the Coyote captured increased variability (σ = 3.4 m s−1) in the horizontal wind field compared to the dropsonde analysis (σ = 2.2 m s−1). Thermodynamic data from the Coyote and dropsondes agree well for both flights, with average discrepancies of 0.4°C and 0.0°C for temperature and 0.7°C and 1.3°C for dew point temperature on 16 and 17 September, respectively
Very low isotope ratio of iron in fine aerosols related to its contribution to the surface ocean
Authors: Kurisu Minako , Takahashi Yoshio , Iizuka Tsuyoshi , Uematsu Mitsuo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSeven size‐fractionated aerosol samples were collected from Hiroshima, Japan, and were analyzed in terms of chemical composition, soluble fraction of iron (Fe), Fe species, and Fe isotope ratios. The results suggested that Fe in fine particles contained a larger fraction of anthropogenic aerosols than coarse particles did. Iron in the fine particles was more soluble in simulated seawater (up to 25%) than that in the coarse particles and was in the form of Fe (hydr)oxide species, such as ferrihydrite or hematite. The Fe isotope ratios (δ56Fe) of the coarse particles (+0.04‰ to +0.30‰) were close to the crustal mean value (0.0‰). By contrast, the δ56Fe values of fine particles were much lower and ranged from −2.01‰ to −0.56‰. δ56Fe values of the soluble Fe fraction in the fine particles were remarkably low (−3.91 to −1.87‰), suggesting that anthropogenic aerosols yield soluble Fe with low δ56Fe values. Such low values could be explained by kinetic isotope fractionation during evaporation of Fe at high temperatures, coupled with the refractory characteristics of Fe. Marine aerosols from the Northwest Pacific were also analyzed. The δ56Fe values in the fine particles were also lower than those in the coarse particles. These results may be important to quantitatively estimate the contribution of anthropogenic Fe deposited on the surface ocean on the basis of the Fe isotopes.