bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multidisciplinary oil spill modeling to protect coastal communities and the environment of the Eastern Mediterranean Sea
Authors: Alves Tiago M. , Kokinou Eleni , Zodiatis George , Radhakrishnan Hari , Panagiotakis Costas , Lardner Robin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe present new mathematical and geological models to assist civil protection authorities in the mitigation of potential oil spill accidents in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea. Oil spill simulations for 19 existing offshore wells were carried out based on novel and high resolution bathymetric, meteorological, oceanographic, and geomorphological data. The simulations show a trend for east and northeast movement of oil spills into the Levantine Basin, affecting the coastal areas of Israel, Lebanon and Syria. Oil slicks will reach the coast in 1 to 20 days, driven by the action of the winds, currents and waves. By applying a qualitative analysis, seabed morphology is for the first time related to the direction of the oil slick expansion, as it is able to alter the movement of sea currents. Specifically, the direction of the major axis of the oil spills, in most of the cases examined, is oriented according to the prevailing azimuth of bathymetric features. This work suggests that oil spills in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea should be mitigated in the very few hours after their onset, and before wind and currents disperse them. We explain that protocols should be prioritized between neighboring countries to mitigate any oil spills.
One-DOF Superimposed Rigid Origami with Multiple States
Authors: Liu Xiang , Gattas Joseph M. , Chen Yan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractOrigami-inspired engineering design is increasingly used in the development of self-folding structures. The majority of existing self-folding structures either use a bespoke crease pattern to form a single structure, or a universal crease pattern capable of forming numerous structures with multiple folding steps. This paper presents a new approach whereby multiple distinct, rigid-foldable crease patterns are superimposed in the same sheet such that kinematic independence and 1-DOF mobility of each individual pattern is preserved. This is enabled by the cross-crease vertex, a special configuration consisting of two pairs of collinear crease lines, which is proven here by means of a kinematic analysis to contain two independent 1-DOF rigid-foldable states. This enables many new origami-inspired engineering design possibilities, with two explored in depth: the compact folding of non-flat-foldable structures and sequent folding origami that can transform between multiple states without unfolding.
Effects of weaning on intestinal crypt epithelial cells in piglets
Authors: Yang Huansheng , Xiong Xia , Wang Xiaocheng , Li Tiejun , Yin Yulong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntestinal epithelial cells in the crypt proliferate in piglets in response to weaning. However, the underlying mechanism has been unclear. We examined 40 piglets from eight litters (five piglets per litter) that were weaned at the age of 14 d, and one piglet from each litter was randomly selected for closer investigation. Based on the distended intestinal sac method, we isolated crypt epithelial cells from the mid-jejunum on Days 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-weaning. Protein expression was analyzed using either isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification or western blotting. Proteins related to the cell cycle, organization of the cellular macromolecular complex subunit, localization of cellular macromolecules, Golgi vesicle transport, fatty acid metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and translational initiation were mainly down-regulated, while those involved in glycolysis, cell cycle arrest, protein catabolism, and cellular amino acid metabolism were up-regulated. The amount of proteins active in the mTOR signaling pathway was generally decreased over time. These results indicate that weaning influences energy metabolism, cellular macromolecule organization and localization, and protein metabolism, thereby affecting the proliferation of intestinal epithelial cells in weaned piglets. Moreover, those cellular processes are possibly controlled by that signaling pathway.
An Exploration of the Use of Eye Gaze and Gestures in Females With Rett Syndrome
Authors: Urbanowicz Anna , Downs Jenny , Girdler Sonya , Ciccone Natalie , Leonard Helen 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
This study investigated the communicative use of eye gaze and gestures in females with Rett syndrome.

Method

Data on 151 females with Rett syndrome participating in the Australian Rett Syndrome Database was used in this study. Items from the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile Infant–Toddler Checklist (Wetherby & Prizant, 2002) were used to measure communication. Relationships between the use of eye gaze and gestures for communication were investigated using logistic regression. The influences of
MECP2
mutation type, age, and level of motor abilities on the use of eye gaze and gestures were investigated using multivariate linear regression.

Results
Both eye gaze and the use of gestures predicted the ability to make requests. Women aged 19 years or older had the lowest scores for eye gaze. Females with better gross motor abilities had higher scores for the use of eye gaze and gestures. The use of eye gaze did not vary across mutation groups, but those with a C-terminal deletion had the highest scores for use of gestures.

Conclusions

Eye gaze is used more frequently than gestures for communication, and this is related to age,
MECP2
mutation type, and gross motor abilities.
Model-driven experimental approach reveals the complex regulatory distribution of p53 by the circadian factor Period 2
Authors: Gotoh Tetsuya , Kim Jae Kyoung , Liu Jingjing , Vila-Caballer Marian , Stauffer Philip E. , Tyson John J. , Finkielstein Carla V. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Cells sense changes in environmental conditions and translate them into physiological responses that are mediated by a plethora of molecular intermediaries that converge at critical nodes. This is particularly relevant to multiple levels of biological organization in which the circadian clock and cell division are interlocked. Unexpectedly, the circadian rhythms of two critical components of the interlocked system, Period 2 (Per2) and p53, were in antiphase. This finding was analyzed using a systematic modeling approach, and predictions of the model were validated by experimental studies that revealed a distinct and complex scenario. Accordingly, we show that the spatiotemporal organization of Per2:p53 interactions and the nature of their chemical modifications are critical for their time-dependent subcellular redistribution and potential biological functions.
Superhydrophobicity enhancement through substrate flexibility
Authors: Vasileiou Thomas , Gerber Julia , Prautzsch Jana , Schutzius Thomas M. , Poulikakos Dimos 
Published: November 2016

SignificanceFlexible materials are ubiquitous in everyday life and technology; however, their effect on wetting dynamics is not well understood. We explore the related physics and whether substrate flexibility can be made to work synergistically with surface microtexturing and nanotexturing to enhance superhydrophobicity. Remarkably, we show that, depending on substrate areal density, stiffness, and damping, a tunable collaborative effect of elasticity and superhydrophobicity can be realized. We identify the mechanism responsible for this enhancement with a simple collision model, and we propose design criteria for promoting this behavior. We exemplify the above discoveries, with materials ranging from man-made (thin steel or polymer sheets) to nature-made (butterfly wings).
Estimating Exploitation and Modeling the Effects of Hand Fishing on a Flathead Catfish Population in East Texas
Authors: Bodine Kristopher A. , Schlechte J. Warren , Ott Richard A. , Bennett Daniel L. , Norman Jacob D. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The recent legalization of hand fishing in Texas has prompted concern for the potential overharvest of catfish. Large (≥600 mm) Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris are thought to be vulnerable to this angling method, and the potential effects of selectively harvesting large fish are not well understood. Therefore, in April 2013 we quantified size- and gear-specific exploitation of Flathead Catfish in Lake Palestine, Texas, by tagging 255 fish within three size-groups (457–599, 600–761, and ≥762 mm) with reward tags. We also quantified abundance, mortality (total and natural), and growth to simulate the effects of exploitation (particularly of size-groups targeted by hand fishing) on the Flathead Catfish population. Exploitation was low (3.2%), and size-specific harvest was less than 5% for all size-groups. Trotlines and hand fishing accounted for 100% of observed harvest (50% for each gear). Our models indicated that maximum sustainable yield would be achieved at 10% to 15% exploitation. Recruitment overfishing and growth overfishing were evident at about 15% to 20% exploitation. When we simulated increased exploitation by hand fishers only (achieved by only increasing exploitation of fish ≥762 mm), recruitment overfishing was not evident until 55% exploitation, and growth overfishing never occurred. These results indicate that the current low harvest by hand fishers will have little impact on yield or size structure of Flathead Catfish, and, in most scenarios, the current 457-mm minimum length limit can maintain a sustainable fishery. Undoubtedly, any additional harvest of trophy fish (≥762 mm) will reduce trophy fish abundance; however, exploitation of trophy fish (alone) would need to exceed 55% before populations become unsustainable.
Received February 9, 2016; accepted June 29, 2016 Published online November 10, 2016
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Artificial Fish Habitat Designs in Turbid Reservoirs Using Sonar Imagery
Authors: Baumann Jessica R. , Oakley N. Corey , McRae Brian J. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Artificial fish habitats have been widely deployed by fisheries managers to increase the concentration of fish at known locations, often without any validation of how well they meet management goals. This study used an innovative sampling method, sonar imagery, to visually evaluate artificial fish habitat designs and their effectiveness in concentrating fish in two turbid North Carolina Piedmont reservoirs. Habitats encompassed equal volumes, but materials and general designs varied; cube habitats were constructed from PVC pipes, plastic barrels, and corrugated plastic pipes, a commercially available product called Porcupine, or evergreen trees. We found that all habitats held significantly more fish than the control sites that were lacking vertical structure. Among artificial habitats, the cubed, corrugated pipe design concentrated significantly more fish than the other designs, and the biodegradability of habitat provided by bundled evergreen trees was reflected in reduced concentrations of fish over time.
Received January 28, 2016; accepted August 10, 2016 Published online November 10, 2016
Pseudo-Bullous Dermatosis Induced by Topical Anesthetic Agent—Clues to This Localized Toxic Reaction
Authors: Kieliszak Christopher R. , Griffin John R. , Pollinger Tess H. , Junkins-Hopkins Jacqueline M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract:
Eutectic mixture of 2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine (EMLA AstraZeneca, DE) is a widely used topical anesthetic cream for preprocedural cutaneous analgesia. In addition to potential clinical cutaneous and systemic adverse effects, EMLA may also induce microscopic changes detectable by light and electron microscopy leading to difficulty in accurate diagnosis. We report the case of a biopsy demonstrating EMLA-induced histopathologic changes. The biopsy was taken from the back of a 5-month-old infant and submitted to rule out psoriasis. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the biopsy demonstrated spongiosis and a noninflammatory subepidermal bulla, raising the histopathologic possibility of epidermolysis bullosa. Further investigation confirmed that EMLA was applied under occlusion before biopsy. A second biopsy without topical anesthetic did not demonstrate a bulla and supported the clinical diagnosis of psoriasiform dermatitis. Our case highlights the importance of awareness of EMLA-induced histopathologic changes to avoid potential misdiagnosis. The histopathologic findings of this case in conjunction with other previously reported cases of EMLA-induced bullae were analyzed. Vacuolization of the basal and suprabasilar layer, pallor and swelling of upper layer epidermal keratinocytes, a pauci-inflammatory cleavage beneath or within the basal layer, basophilic granular karyorrhectic debris in the subepidermal cleft, and congestion of papillary dermal vessels characterized the biopsy findings of this localized adverse reaction.
A CASE OF POSTERIOR UVEAL EFFUSION SYNDROME MASQUERADING AS UVEITIS
Authors: Liu Qingyun , Hemarat Kornwipa , Kayser Denise L. , Stewart Jay M. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose:
To report a case of posterior uveal effusion syndrome presented and treated as posterior uveitis.

Methods:
We report one case of a 73-year-old woman with posterior uveal effusion syndrome who developed bilateral chorioretinal folds, treated as uveitis, who did not resolve on oral steroids.

Results:
Nasal choroidal thickening and intraretinal fluid were present in both eyes, along with choroidal folds and yellowish pigmentary changes in the macula.

Conclusion:
Posterior uveal effusion syndrome can present with features that can mimic uveitis.
Early Results of the Modified Right Atrial Lesion Set for the Cox-Cryomaze Procedure
Authors: Cheema Faisal Habib , Younus Muhammad Amir , Siddiqui Osama T. , Younus Muhammad Jabran , Mahmood Muhammad Arif , Pervez Mohammad Bin , Roberts Harold G. 
Published: November 2016

Objective The standard right atrial lesion (RAL) set, as originally outlined in the Cox-Maze III procedure, can be technically challenging when using a cryoprobe to create the lesions. We report our initial experience with an alternative set of RALs for the surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods Between September 2011 and January 2015, a total of 112 patients underwent a CryoMaze procedure with biatrial lesions using argon-based cryoablation (cryoprobe temperature, −160°C). Although the standard left atrial lesion set was used, the RAL pattern was modified in this cohort of patients. The intracaval superior vena cava-inferior vena cava lesion was performed as in the pattern described for the standard Cox-Maze III procedure. In addition, a horizontal atriotomy incision (the “T” lesion) in the mid free wall of the right atrium was based roughly in the midintercaval line and extended medially as a linear cryolesion to the lateral tricuspid annulus at the so-called 2-o'clock position as in the Cox-Maze III lesion pattern. Ordinarily, a linear cryolesion would be placed from the tip of the right atrial appendage (RAA) to the anterior tricuspid annulus at the so-called 10-o'clock position to prevent macro re-entry around the base of the RA appendage. Our modification consisted of, instead, a linear cryolesion directed perpendicularly from the mid portion of the atriotomy (T lesion) to the tip of the RA appendage, which simply interrupted RAA re-entry at another point. Results The mean ± standard deviation age was 72.7 ± 10.6 years, 56.3% were males, and 63.1% had long-standing persistent AF. There were three operative deaths (2.6% with an observed over expected of 0.58), all in the concomitant procedures with associated cardiac disease. Overall follow-up was 91.3%. Freedom from AF at discharge, 1-, 3-, 6-, 12-, 24-month, and last follow-up [16.1 ±11.3 months (range, 0.4–43 months)], was 100%, 76.3%, 84.2%, 98.3%, 89.5%, 89.2%, and 90.5%, respectively. Similarly, freedom from antiarrhythmic drugs was 74% and 81%, whereas freedom from anticoagulants was 72% and 78% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. Conclusions These results suggest the modified RAL set to be an effective alternative to the traditional RALs of Cox-Maze III. By substituting this lateral RAA lesion for the more technically difficult medial lesion, the procedure becomes easier to perform and favorably impacts operative time while achieving comparable results in reducing AF burden.
Older Individuals Meeting Medicare Cochlear Implant Candidacy Criteria in Noise but Not in Quiet: Are These Patients Improved by Surgery?
Authors: Mudery Jordan A. , Francis Ross , McCrary Hilary , Jacob Abraham 
Published: November 2016

Objective:
To investigate postoperative hearing outcomes in older patients who qualified for cochlear implant (CI) by Medicare criteria using AZBio sentence tests performed in noise but not in quiet.

Study Design:
Review of patient records.

Setting:
University-based otology/neurotology practice.

Patients:
The senior author performed 136 CI between January 2013 and September 2015. Starting in 2013, CI candidacy evaluation included AZBio sentence tests performed in quiet and noise. For the current study, older patients with preoperative AZBio scores greater than 40% in quiet but less than 40% in noise (+10 or +5 dB signal to noise ratio [SNR]) and follow up >/=6 months were included.

Intervention(s):
Cochlear implantation in one ear.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Pre- versus postoperative AZBio sentence test scores.

Results:
Fifteen patients with an average age of 73 years (range, 59–91) met inclusion criteria. Preoperative AZBio scores for the implanted ear averaged 47% points in quiet and 9% points in noise (+10 or +5 dB SNR). Preoperative bilateral AZBio scores averaged 70% points in quiet and 24% points in noise (+10 or +5 dB SNR). Postoperative AZBio scores for the implanted ear improved an average of 71% points in quiet and 51% points in noise. Postoperative bilateral hearing improved 23% points in quiet and 27% points in noise.

Conclusion:
All patients undergoing CI candidacy testing should be tested in both quiet and noise conditions. For those who qualify only in noise, our results demonstrate that cochlear implantation typically improves hearing both in quiet and noise.
Investigation of liver dysfunction: who should we test for hepatitis E?
Authors: Wallace Sebastian J. , Webb Glynn W. , Madden Richie G. , Dalton Hugh C. , Palmer Joanne , Dalton Richard T. , Pollard Adam , Martin Rhys , Panayi Vasilis , Bennett Gwyn , Bendall Richard P. , Dalton Harry R. 
Published: November 2016

Aim
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in developed countries, but unrecognized infection is common. Many national guidelines now recommend HEV testing in patients with acute hepatitis irrespective of travel history. The biochemical definition of ‘hepatitis’ that best predicts HEV infection has not been established. This study aimed to determine parameters of liver biochemistry that should prompt testing for acute HEV.

Methods
This was a retrospective study of serial liver function tests (LFTs) in cases of acute HEV (n=74) and three comparator groups: common bile duct stones (CBD, n=87), drug-induced liver injury (DILI, n=69) and patients testing negative for HEV (n=530). To identify the most discriminating parameters, LFTs from HEV cases, CBD and DILI were compared. Optimal LFT cutoffs for HEV testing were determined from HEV true positives and HEV true negatives using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.

Results
Compared with CBD and DILI, HEV cases had a significantly higher maximum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (P<0.001) and ALT/alkaline phosphatase (ALKP) ratio (P<0.001). For HEV cases/patients testing negative for HEV, area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.805 for ALT (P<0.001) and 0.749 for the ALT/ALKP ratio (P<0.001). Using an ALT of at least 300 IU/l to prompt HEV testing has a sensitivity of 98.6% and a specificity of 30.3% compared with an ALT/ALKP ratio higher than or equal to 2 (sensitivity 100%, specificity 9.4%).

Conclusion
Patients with ALT higher than or equal to 300 IU/l should be tested for HEV. This is simple, detects nearly all cases and requires fewer samples to be tested than an ALT/ALKP ratio higher than or equal to 2. Where clinically indicated, patients with an ALT less than 300 IU/l should also be tested, particularly if HEV-associated neurological injury is suspected.
A Unusual Lightning Death in an Indoor Setting
Authors: Ventura Francesco , Barranco Rosario , Bonsignore Alessandro , De Stefano Francesco 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDeath due to lightning strikes is infrequent, above all indoors. Some cases may take on a medical legal interest due to the unusual and uncommon circumstances in which they occur. The authors report an extremely rare case of electrocution occurred inside a house in a rural area. A 53-year-old man was reached by an electrical discharge originating from lightning while he was doing renovation work on a cottage. In this case, the correct interpretation of the autopsy and histological aspects and the attentive analysis of the circumstantial and environmental data led to the correct diagnosis of death and to the reconstruction of the dynamics with which it occurred. It was in fact possible to reconstruct that during a violent thunderstorm, lightning, discharging from the bottom upward formed an electric arc. The victim, who was close to metal objects (sawhorses), was struck on the left foot and the current exited from the right hand passing through the heart causing immediate death.
Effects of inclusion on corrosion resistance of weathering steel in simulated industrial atmosphere
Authors: Zhu Tengwei , Huang Feng , Liu Jing , Hu Qian , Li Wei 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the atmospheric corrosion mechanism of structural materials to develop more advanced corrosion-control technologies and cost-reduction strategies. As a second phase in steels, the non-metallic oxide inclusions are considered to not only affect the mechanical properties of steel but also the corrosion resistance of steel. So, an important research goal in this paper is to investigate the indoor accelerated corrosion kinetics of Q450NQR1 weathering steel, analyzing the galvanic polarity of different inclusions in electrochemical corrosion microcell between the inclusion and steel matrix and then elucidating the influence mechanism of inclusions on corrosion resistance of weathering steel.

Design/methodology/approach
Two methods of inclusion modification are usually used to improve the properties of weathering steel: one is calcium treatment on aluminum killed steel and the other one is rare earth (RE) modification. Wet/dry cyclic immersion corrosion test field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) metallographic optical microscope.

Findings
The indoor accelerated corrosion kinetics of Q450NQR1 weathering steel could be divided into two stages with different log (thickness loss, D)-log (time, t) fitting functions, and the effect of inclusions on the corrosion resistance of Q450NQR1 weathering steel was only reflected in the initial stages of corrosion. The inclusions of CaS in Ca-modified test steel and RE oxides and sulfides in RE-modified test steel were preferentially dissolved in acid media, slowing down the corrosion rate of steel matrix, but the non-metallic inclusion Al2O3 may accelerate the corrosion rate of the steel matrix as a form of differential aeration corrosion.

Originality/value
The effects of inclusions on corrosion resistance of Q450NQR1 weathering steel was investigated by dry–wet cycle immersion test and FE-SEM. The effect of inclusions on the corrosion resistance of Q450NQR1weathering steel was only reflected in the initial stages of corrosion. The inclusions of CaS in Ca-modified test steel and rare earth (RE) oxides and sulfides in RE-modified test steel were preferentially dissolved in acid media, slowing down the corrosion rate of steel matrix, but the non-metallic inclusion Al2O3 may accelerate corrosion rate of the steel matrix as a form of differential aeration corrosion.