bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dopant‐Free Hole Transport Material Based on Non‐Covalent Interaction for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Tan Junhong , Zhang Jin , Sun Hao , Chen Kaixing , Gao Xing , Zhang Ping , Zhong Cheng , Wu Fei , Li Zhong'an , Zhu Linna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHole transport materials (HTMs) have a critical impact on the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Especially, the dopant‐free HTMs could avoid the usage of hygroscopic dopants and reduce costs, which are important for device stability. Most of the current organic dopant‐free HTMs are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons‐based planar conjugated structures. Yet, the synthesis of conjugated fused heterocycles is often complicated. In this work, intramolecular non‐covalent interaction is introduced to construct two organic HTMs (DCT and DTC), which can be facilely obtained through simple reactions. Compared to DTC with hexyl chain on the central benzene ring, DCT with hexyloxy chains shows better planarity in the core structure, as a result of the intramolecular non‐covalent interactions between oxygen on hexyloxy and sulfur atom on the adjacent thiophene, as reflected from its single crystal structure. Moreover, DCT in a pristine state shows a decent hole mobility comparable to the doped Spiro‐OMeTAD. Ultimately, conventional devices using dopant‐free DCT as HTM show a high efficiency of 22.50%, with excellent long‐term stability, and light and thermal stability. The results show that the noncovalent interaction is a useful and simple design strategy for dopant‐free HTMs, that can effectively improve the efficiency and stability of PSCs.
A Janus Spectrally Selective Glazing Toward All‐Season Energy‐Efficient Windows
Authors: Huang Jingkai , Yuan Liming , Liao Jianming , Liu Yang , Li Dongxian , Wang Yuetang , Lin He , Ji Chen , Ma Xiaoliang , Huang Cheng , Luo Xiangang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWindows offer the most promising avenue for mitigating energy consumption and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. However, the balance between comfortable natural lighting and all‐season energy savings is often neglected in extensive explorations of energy‐efficient windows. Herein, a Janus glazing is proposed that enables the switch of passive radiative cooling and heating under the precondition of conveying sufficient natural light. Measurement results indicate that the Janus window maintains a visible transmittance of 0.47, while possesses a near‐infrared (NIR) reflectivity/absorptivity of 0.75/0.71 and a mid‐infrared (MIR) emissivity of 0.94/0.13 for the cooling and heating modes, respectively. As demonstrated by the outdoor test, the Janus window realizes a reduction of 7.1 °C for room cooling and an increase of 0.4 °C for room heating compared with commercial low‐e window, potentially conserving 13%–53% of the total building energy consumption across China. Meanwhile, attributed to the photothermal effect, the Janus window can elevate the surface temperature by 6.1 °C compared with the low‐e window, which can effectively reduce fogging occurrences on the window surface for ensuring sunlight entrance in the cold‐weather conditions. This strategy offers novel prospects for enhancing energy efficiency in diverse applications, including architectural windows, greenhouse cultivation, photovoltaic generation, etc.
Designing High Donor Number Anion Additive for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Li Jia , Zhang Jingwei , Yu Huaqing , Xi Zihang , Fan Zhenyu , Ren Shuangxin , Liu Xu , Li Kun , Zhao Qing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe electrolytes in energy‐dense lithium metal batteries (LMBs) face the challenge of being compatible with both the lithium anode and the high voltage cathodes. Adjusting the solvation structures of the electrolytes by regulating the interaction between ions and solvents is an effective strategy to improve the stability of LMBs. Herein, lithium trifluoroacetate (LiTFA) endowed with high donor number is introduced into ether‐based electrolytes as an additive to regulate the solvation structure and further stabilize the interphase as well as accelerate the interfacial kinetic of LMBs. Due to the strong interaction between TFA− with Li+, the anion‐rich solvation structure with reduced solvent coordination capability is constructed, contributing to the formation of inorganic‐rich interphase layers and facilitate charge transfer reaction. Consequently, the designed electrolyte improves the reversibility of Li plating/stripping with high Coulombic efficiency of 99.24% and enables long‐term cycling of Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) over 100 cycles with a capacity retention of 84.37% under the condition of lean electrolyte, limited Li source and conventional Li‐salt concentration. This work provides an effective and low‐cost strategy to adjust the solvation structure and improve the stability of LMBs without largely sacrificing the intrinsic physicochemical property (viscosity, wettability, ionic conductivity etc.) of electrolytes.
Control of Instantaneous Abnormal Mold Level Fluctuation in Slab Continuous Casting Mold Based on Bidirectional Long Short‐Term Memory Model
Authors: Meng Xiaoliang , Luo Sen , Zhou Yelian , Wang Weiling , Zhu Miaoyong 
Published: October 2024

The instantaneous abnormal mold level fluctuation (IAMLF) has significant harmful effects on slab quality. This article proposes a prediction and control method for IAMLF. First, the data processed by difference method is used for the IAMLF prediction and stopper‐rod position prediction. Then, the bidirectional long short‐term memory (BI‐LSTM) is introduced to predict the IAMLF; the corresponding stopper‐rod position is predicted according to the mold level prediction result. BI‐LSTM can predict the IAMLF with the mean absolute error of 1.52 mm and the false alarm rate of 1.8%, and also performs well in predicting the stopper‐rod position with a mean absolute error of only 1.92 mm. Furthermore, the two prediction models are combined to form a closed loop, where the mold level fluctuation is predicted according to the industrial data processed by data difference method, and the stopper‐rod position is adjusted in advance to eliminate IAMLF. Finally, the fuzzy proportional‐integral‐derivative (PID) controller is used to control mold level based on the mold level and stopper‐rod position prediction results. The prediction accuracy of IAMLF reaches 98.4%, and the present proposed fuzzy PID controller can effectively prevent the occurrence of IAMLF with a success rate of 95.6%.
Novel Strategies for Synthesis and Assessment of Dextran Conjugated 9Z,11E Linoleic Acid on Cancer Cell Lines Viability via Wnt/Beta‐Catenin Signaling Pathway and Apoptosis
Authors: Sevim Akan Handan , Donmez Hanife Guler , Uysaler Bengi , Kaplan Can Hatice 
Published: October 2024

AbstractConjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is one of the positional and structural isomers of linoleic acid. Ninety percent of the CLA contained in natural foods is the cis‐9(9Z), trans‐11(11E) isomer. CLA also has anti‐carcinogenic, anti‐adipogenic, and anti‐inflammatory properties. Limited studies aim to elucidate the impact of 9Z,11E‐CLA on Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling.In this study, we have selected MDA‐MB‐231, T98G, and SAOS‐2 cell lines of various cancer origins and investigate the impact of dextran conjugated 9Z,11E CLA (Dex‐9Z,11E‐CLA) using cell proliferation assay and immunocytochemical methods. Cytotoxic effects of Dex conjugated 9Z,11E CLA are assessed with the MTT method. It analyzed Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling changes using target molecule beta‐catenin, Dickkopf‐1 (Dkk‐1) as a negative regulator, and active caspase3 (CC3) as an apoptotic marker.Dex‐9Z,11E‐CLA is shown to suppress cell viability in three different types of cancer cells, and the most effective concentration is 200 µm. 9Z,11E‐CLA and Dex‐9Z,11E‐CLA affect the Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling pathway negatively in all cell lines. Beta‐catenin expression is decreased, Dkk‐1 expression is increased, and CC3 positivity is increased significantly compared to the control group. In conclusion, the data suggest that Dex‐9Z,11E‐CLA suppresses cell viability and causes apoptosis in cells via the Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling pathway. Lastly, Dex‐9Z,11E‐CLA harbors novel anticancer potential and exhibits uncontrolled activation of Wnt/beta‐catenin signaling.
Unveiling the Potential of Halloysite Nanotubes: Insights into Their Synthesis, Properties, and Applications in Nanocomposites
Authors: Aljibori Hakim S. , Al‐Amiery Ahmed , Isahak Wan Nor Roslam Wan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHalloysite nanotubes (HNTs) have attracted considerable attention due to their unique properties and wide range of applications. This review explores HNT‐based nanocomposites, focusing on their preparation methods and improvements in mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. Various synthesis techniques, including solution mixing, melt compounding, in situ polymerization, and surface modification, are discussed, along with their benefits and limitations. The role of HNT characteristics such as aspect ratio, dispersion, and surface chemistry in enhancing nanocomposite properties is examined. HNTs significantly boost mechanical properties, including tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and toughness, due to their reinforcement effects. Improved dispersion and interfacial adhesion between HNTs and the polymer matrix enhance these properties. HNTs also act as thermal barriers, improving heat resistance and dimensional stability, while enhancing barrier properties against gases and moisture. These synergistic effects allow for the customization of nanocomposites for specific applications in packaging, automotive, electronics, and biomedical fields. Future research should focus on optimizing synthesis methods and processing techniques to further improve HNT‐based nanocomposites’ performance. This review provides a comprehensive overview of HNT‐based nanocomposites, offering valuable insights for advancing nanomaterials science and engineering.
End anchorage‐reinforcement CFRP systems for heat‐damaged beams with side NSM CFRP rope
Authors: Haddad Rami H. , Alsahalen Ala A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe efficiency of retrofitting systems with side near surface mounted (SNSM) CFRP ropes in boosting the flexural performance of intact/heat‐damaged reinforced concrete (RC) beams was investigated using a total of 14 RC beams (250 × 150 × 1450 mm) in two groups. In the first group, the beams were strengthened using SNSM CFRP ropes of a parabolic profile without and with end fan or hock anchorages, coupled with the implantation of lateral and/or vertical CFRP dowels in the high‐shear zone. The beams of the second group were repaired using similar configurations after being heated to 400°C in an electrical furnace for 2 h. A control beam in each group was designated as a reference. The mechanical performance and cracking sequence in all beams was evaluated under four‐point loading test setup. Heat‐damage resulted in reductions in load capacity and stiffness at 11% and 10%, yet an increase in toughness and displacement ductility by 18% and 20%, respectively. Implementing end hocks with end vertical and lateral dowels prevented concrete‐cover separation; imparting the best enhancement in structural performance for the repaired and post‐heated beams. All beams experienced flexural failure mode except for the heat‐damaged one, repaired with end‐hock anchorage without lateral doweling.
Reliability and partial factor‐based assessment of a highway bridge supported by nondestructive testing
Authors: Küttenbaum Stefan , Braml Thomas , Heinze Marco , Kainz Christian , Stettner Christian , Taffe Alexander 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe preservation of the degrading transport infrastructure is vital, as replacing it is impossible in view of limited budgets and environmental impacts. One component in overcoming this challenge is the evaluation of the reliability and the calculation of the remaining service life of existing structures. These structural reliability reassessments allow for the identification and utilization of load‐bearing capacity reserves. The consideration of actual structural characteristics and environmental conditions, various of which can be gathered by means of numerous measurement and inspection techniques, has the potential for more realistic computation results and therefore more economic decisions about the operation as well as maintenance activities. This article attempts to shed light on the potential of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods for updating the input variables in the ultimate limit states during a recalculation. The approach of the NDT‐supported reliability reassessment is demonstrated using a prestressed concrete bridge emphasizing the bending proof in transversal direction. As a result, the semi‐probabilistic, probabilistic and NDT‐based reassessment results are compared and the effects of NDT‐supported structural analysis on the calculated reliability are highlighted.
Application of nanoliposome as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging technique
Authors: Zare‐Zardini Hadi , Nafisi‐Moghadam Reza , Rajaee Seyed Mehdi , Eshaghi Farzaneh Sadat , Soltaninejad Hossein , Ghorani‐Azam Adel , Ansari Mojtaba 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLiposomes, nano‐sized vesicles primarily comprising phospholipids and cholesterol, have emerged as pivotal tools in medical imaging, notably in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), due to their biocompatibility and ability to encapsulate diverse molecules. Tailorable properties like size, surface charge, and encapsulation capacity make liposomes ideal for targeted delivery of imaging agents and drugs to specific tissues, improving pharmacokinetics. As MRI contrast agent (CA) carriers, liposomes encapsulate gadolinium, mitigating toxicity and boosting relaxivity and circulation times. Functionalization with targeting ligands and stimuli‐responsive designs enhances their controlled release and targeted delivery capabilities, crucial for cancer imaging and therapy. Benefits include reduced toxicity, prolonged circulation, targeted delivery, enhanced bioavailability, and potential for multimodal imaging. Challenges remain, such as stability, clearance, and manufacturing intricacies, requiring further research. Nonetheless, liposomal MRI CAs hold promise for enhancing diagnostic precision and therapeutic effectiveness in oncology and neurology, offering a robust pathway for future biomedical advancements. Addressing existing limitations could unlock their full potential in improving patient care and outcomes.
Sea-Locked: The Cascading Effects of Seaborne Challenges to Human Security in Madagascar
Authors: Shi Xuefei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter presents a ‘wicked deadlock’ between human insecurity, underdevelopment, and unsustainability against the background of a more turbulent ocean environment, which can be best illustrated with the ongoing seaborne challenges on the island of Madagascar, especially those engendered by sea-originated nature hazards and man-caused maritime disruptions. It first investigates what human security means in respect of Madagascar’s position as both one of the least-developed island nations and the frontier of ocean sustainability. Then it examines how the worsening of human insecurity on the island has been accelerated recently in light of climatic and socio-ecological changes from the sea. The human security emergencies the island is confronting might have rooted partly in its oceanographic peculiarities, but they warn the world of a possible failing scenario of the sustainability-security nexus, which might have larger implications that go beyond Madagascar’s coastlines and reach to other oceanic communities.
How to Move Forward?
Authors: van Kamp Irene , Woudenberg Fred 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis book looks at sound from many perspectives, all necessary to improve the sound environment we live in. In this chapter we argue that after more than 50 years of, partly successful noise policies this is still necessary. We hope our ‘Sound Approach to Noise and Health’ book will help to create a future in which fewer people suffer the negative effects of noise and more people enjoy the sounds that restore their wellbeing in pleasant soundscapes sometimes surrounded by silence!
Noise and Effects on Health and Well-Being
Authors: Clark Charlotte , Vienneau Danielle , Aasvang Gunn Marit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter explores the broad impact of noise, highlighting its non-auditory health effects. It is well acknowledged that noise as an environmental stressor disrupts daily life by affecting concentration, communication, rest, and sleep. Beyond these acute effects of noise, the understanding of the health effects of long-term exposure to noise, including the physiological mechanisms behind them, has evolved significantly over the years. Environmental noise is clearly an increasing concern for public health, and current knowledge underscores the urgency of comprehensive approaches to mitigate the health effects of environmental noise.
Economics and Environmental Noise
Authors: Klæboe Ronny 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter focuses on quantifying the costs of environmental noise in monetary terms (monetisation) that can be used for taxation of travel and freight activities producing unwanted noise and other externalities. Monetisation also allows acoustic consequences to be included in economic analyses of infrastructure investments, efforts to reduce noise and efforts to improve the acoustic environment. It is when the external costs of noise are used for taxation and the economic benefits of an improved acoustic environment are included in the planning of transport and building infrastructure, urban and regional development processes that they affect policies and decision-making. Finally, we mention some of the shortcomings of current approaches and the scope for further research and caveats.
Context-Specific Resilience Through a Cultural Lens: Social-Ecological Factors Among Chinese Families of Children with Neurodevelopmental Disabilities
Authors: Dai Xiaolu , Cheung Yves Cho Ho , Zhuang Xiaoyu , Ng Elvis Fong Wing , Wong Daniel Fu Keung 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the rise in attention towards Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Hong Kong and worldwide, understanding the role of social ecological resilience in reducing parenting stress and enhancing child outcomes is crucial, particularly within the unique cultural context of Chinese families. This study utilized a social ecological model to examine resilience factors at individual and interpersonal levels among Hong Kong parents of children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. It also compared the stress and resilience conditions and differential functions of social ecological resilience between parents with and without children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. A sample of 447 parents of children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders were assessed by a newly developed Social Ecological Resilience Scale, along with measures of parenting stress and the internalizing and externalizing behaviors of their children. Independent sample t-tests showed that Chinese parents of children with Neurodevelopmental Disorders report significantly higher parenting stress and more internalizing and externalizing difficulties in their children compared to those without Neurodevelopmental Disorders. Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that enhanced social ecological resilience among parents predicted improved parenting stress and better outcomes in children’s behaviors. Notably, social ecological resilience factors showed varying effects between parents with and without children diagnosed with Neurodevelopmental Disorders. These findings highlight that both individual and interpersonal resilience factors among parents predicted improved parenting stress and better outcomes in children’s behaviors and certain resilience factors may be contextually motivated. Policy makers and practitioners should consider developing context-specific strategies and programmes to help the focal target group.
Improving the efficiency of thermal insulation of window panes—the use of transparent thin-layer insulation coverings filled with nanostructures
Authors: Motyl Przemysław , Król Danuta , Patej Mirosław , Poskrobko Sławomir 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article discusses experimental studies on the thermal conductivity of a transparent thermal insulation layer (film) applied to a window pane. The research was conducted using a measurement cube known as the "Hot Box" method. The examined film was made based on a polymer matrix with metallic inclusions. The insulating layer of the film allows for the transmission and blocking of light—UV infrared radiation. In the studies, a 100 W bulb was used as the source of infrared radiation (light source), placed at the central point of the measurement cube "Hot Box". To estimate the heat transport conditions, temperature distributions on the internal and external surfaces of the examined window pane with the applied transparent coating (film) were measured. Based on the temperature distribution data, the thermal conductivity coefficient of the applied transparent coating on the pane was estimated.
Ultrafast and Reproducible Fiber-Optic Hydrogen Sensor via a Tilted Fiber Grating With Pd/WO3 Nanocoating
Authors: Yang Zhiyong , Yan Xiangyu , Peng Bo , Li Zhencheng , Xia Xudong , Lu Changhai , You Daotong , Li Kaiwei , Guo Tuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHydrogen, a high-density and clean energy, has been widely used in various critical applications. However, the safety risk caused by hydrogen leakage during storage and transportation is still a non-negligible issue. Therefore, it is necessary to offer hydrogen sensors with fast response and high repeatability, and it will be perfect for achieving in situ monitoring over the lifecycle of hydrogen production and utilization. Here, we propose a compact optical fiber sensor with a short section of the tilted Bragg fiber grating (TFBG) inscribed in the fiber core and a palladium and tungsten trioxide (Pd/WO3) combined film of 40 nm thickness over the fiber surface. The TFBG excites tens of narrow cladding resonances, part of which possess refractive indexes matching that of the Pd/WO3 coating and providing the high sensitivity to the surrounding hydrogen concentration change. The sensor offers improved sensing characteristics, including the fast response time (less than 10 s), high repeatability (over tens of measurement), and excellent linear response (higher than 99.6%) over the 0% to 3% concentration range.
Quasisymmetrically rigid self-similar carpets
Authors: RAO FENG , WEN FAN 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We define balanced self-similar quasi-round carpets and compare the carpet moduli of some path families relating to such a carpet. Then, using some known results on quasiconformal geometry of carpets, we prove that the group of quasisymmetric self-homeomorphisms of every balanced self-similar quasi-round carpet is finite. Furthermore, we prove that some balanced self-similar carpets in the unit square with strong geometric symmetry are quasisymmetrically rigid by using the quasisymmetry of weak tangents of carpets.