bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dispersion Parameter
Authors: Piegorsch Walter W. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTo describe the stochastic nature of an outcome variable, data analysts use probability distributions. A crucial feature of many simple probability models is that structural relationships may be required between the population mean and other components of the model. Many experimental settings occur, however, where such a mean/variance structure is too restrictive: the data often exhibit variation larger than or, in some instances, smaller than that required under these simpler models. Such occurrences are collectively known asoverdispersionorunderdispersion, respectively. To quantify the extent of the over/underdispersion, a model parameter can be dedicated to it in the variance term. The resultingdispersion parameteris used to identify, study, test, or otherwise account for the excess variation. This article reviews statistical aspects of and estimation for such dispersion parameters.
Superamphiphobic Coatings from Combination of a Biomimetic Catechol‐Bearing Fluoropolymer and Halloysite Nanotubes
Authors: Ma Wei , Higaki Yuji , Takahara Atsushi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSuperamphiphobic coatings with remarkable water and oil repellency are prepared by the combination of a biomimetic catechol‐bearing fluoropolymer, poly{2‐(perfluorooctyl)ethyl acrylate‐co‐N‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenethyl) acrylamide} (P(FAC8‐co‐DOPAm)), and naturally available halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). They are based on surface modification of HNTs with P(FAC8‐co‐DOPAm). A procedure to attain stable affinity between silica and the copolymer is established, and used for surface modification of HNTs. Superamphiphobic coatings are obtained by casting the suspension of P(FAC8‐co‐DOPAm)‐modified HNTs onto substrates. The superamphiphobic coatings exhibit Cassie–Baxter's wetting to liquids with a wide range of surface tension, because of the extremely low surface free energy and the unique micro‐/nanohierarchical surface topography, as well as the re‐entrant curvature of HNTs. These superamphiphobic coatings are environmentally and chemically durable, and can resist water scouring. The abundance of HNTs in nature and the easily controlled process of this method ensure an efficient approach for large‐scale production of superamphiphobic coatings for various applications.
Optimization of Photon and Electron Collection Efficiencies in Silicon Solar Microcells for Use in Concentration‐Based Photovoltaic Systems
Authors: Yoder Mikayla A. , Yao Yuan , He Junwen , Nuzzo Ralph G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUltrathin silicon solar microcells (μ‐cells) afford a means to reduce semiconductor material consumption and can be integrated with concentration optics to improve their power density. A μ‐cell design is described that optimizes electron and photon collection with enhanced efficiency for solar concentration applications. An interdigitated back contact (IBC) design improves carrier collection partially due to larger contact coverage while further enabling optimization of the μ‐cell front surface. To do so, a silicon nitride antireflection thin film coating is utilized to enhance photon absorption and improve surface passivation. Performance of IBC μ‐cells is compared to an optimized top contact design and improves μ‐cell conversion efficiencies from 9.9 to 13.7%. Improvements at 1 Sun are amplified under concentration and increase power densities at 20 Suns to 346 from 192 mW cm−2 due to minimized series resistance. Benefits afforded by IBC μ‐cells are exemplified following their integration into a dual concentrator system, affording photon collection capacities for direct and diffuse irradiance. A traditional lens concentrates direct light while a luminescent solar concentrator (LSC) collects diffuse photons otherwise not utilized by passive optics. Addition of the LSC increases maximum power densities on clear and cloudy days, providing concentration for the latter and further increasing the power density.
An I&I‐Based Observer to Solve the Output‐Feedback Synchronization Problem for a Class of Chaotic Systems
Authors: Aguilar‐Ibañez Carlos , García‐Canseco Eloísa , Martínez‐García Rafael , Martínez‐García Juan Carlos , Suarez‐Castañon Miguel Santiago 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel robust observer, intended to solve the output‐feedback chaos synchronization problem for the Master/Slave Configuration, is proposed here. Assuming that the given Master system belongs to a specific class of feedback‐linearized systems, our solution is based on the well‐known Immersion and Invariance (I&I) method. The proposed observer is devoted to the asymptotic estimation of the Master system's underlying dynamics, and its effectiveness is illustrated via computer‐based simulations that involve both the so‐called Duffing's oscillator and the Genesio & Tesi system.
Novel Mutation of LRP6 Identified in Chinese Han Population Links Canonical WNT Signaling to Neural Tube Defects
Authors: Shi Zhiwen , Yang Xueyan , Li Bin‐Bin , Chen Shuxia , Yang Luming , Cheng Liangping , Zhang Ting , Wang Hongyan , Zheng Yufang 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundNeural tube defects (NTDs), the second most frequent cause of human congenital abnormalities, are debilitating birth defects due to failure of neural tube closure. It has been shown that noncanonical WNT/planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling is required for convergent extension (CE), the initiation step of neural tube closure (NTC). But the effect of canonical WNT//β‐catenin signaling during NTC is still elusive. LRP6 (low density lipoprotein receptor related proteins 6) was identified as a co‐receptor for WNT/β‐catenin signaling, but recent studies showed that it also can mediate WNT/PCP signaling.MethodsIn this study, we screened mutations in the LRP6 gene in 343 NTDs and 215 ethnically matched normal controls of Chinese Han population.ResultsThree rare missense mutations (c.1514A>G, p.Y505C); c.2984A>G, p.D995G; and c.4280C>A, p.P1427Q) of the LRP6 gene were identified in Chinese NTD patients. The Y505C mutation is a loss‐of‐function mutation on both WNT/β‐catenin and PCP signaling. The D995G mutation only partially lost inhibition on PCP signaling without affecting WNT/β‐catenin signaling. The P1427Q mutation dramatically increased WNT/β‐catenin signaling but only mildly loss of inhibition on PCP signaling. All three mutations failed to rescue CE defects caused by lrp6 morpholino oligos knockdown in zebrafish. Of interest, when overexpressed, D995G did not induce any defects, but Y505C and P1427Q caused more severe CE defects in zebrafish.ConclusionOur results suggested that over‐active canonical WNT signaling induced by gain‐of‐function mutation in LRP6 could also contribute to human NTDs, and a balanced WNT/β‐catenin and PCP signaling is probably required for proper neural tube development. Birth Defects Research 110:63–71, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Back Cover: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral α‐Substituted Mercaptoglycine Derivatives via α‐Sulfenylation of Ni(II) Complex of Glycine and S‐Substituted 4‐Methylbenzenesulfonothioate (Chin. J. Chem. 9/2017)
Authors: Li Jia , Song Xiaohan , Zhou Shengbin , Wang Jiang , Liu Hong 
Published: September 2017

The back cover picture shows the asymmetric synthesis of α‐substituted mercaptoglycine via nickel(II) complex. The α‐substituted mercaptoglycine is an important framework of various peptide drugs and nickel(II) complex can be utilized to generate single enantiomer of α‐substituted amino acid efficiently. This work establishes an efficient method to access α‐substituted mercaptoglycine with good yield and high stereoselectivity, which can promote the design of new peptide drugs in a broad scope. More details are discussed in the article by Wang et al. on page 1383‐1390.
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Identification of Atuveciclib (BAY 1143572), the First Highly Selective, Clinical PTEFb/CDK9 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Cancer
Authors: Lücking Ulrich , Scholz Arne , Lienau Philip , Siemeister Gerhard , Kosemund Dirk , Bohlmann Rolf , Briem Hans , Terebesi Ildiko , Meyer Kirstin , Prelle Katja , Denner Karsten , Bömer Ulf , Schäfer Martina , Eis Knut , Valencia Ray , Ince Stuart , von Nussbaum Franz , Mumberg Dominik , Ziegelbauer Karl , Klebl Bert , Choidas Axel , Nussbaumer Peter , Baumann Matthias , Schultz‐Fademrecht Carsten , Rühter Gerd , Eickhoff Jan , Brands Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSelective inhibition of exclusively transcription‐regulating PTEFb/CDK9 is a promising new approach in cancer therapy. Starting from lead compound BAY‐958, lead optimization efforts strictly focusing on kinase selectivity, physicochemical and DMPK properties finally led to the identification of the orally available clinical candidate atuveciclib (BAY 1143572). Structurally characterized by an unusual benzyl sulfoximine group, BAY 1143572 exhibited the best overall profile in vitro and in vivo, including high efficacy and good tolerability in xenograft models in mice and rats. BAY 1143572 is the first potent and highly selective PTEFb/CDK9 inhibitor to enter clinical trials for the treatment of cancer.
Enhanced ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate with high content of inhibitors by an adapted barnettozyma californica
Authors: Nouri Hoda , Azin Mehrdad , Mousavi S. Latif 
Published: September 2017

Bioethanol production from acid hydrolysate of sugarcane bagasse's hemicellulose was studied using an adapted new yeast strain, Barnettozyma californica HNMA‐5. The growth rate and ethanol production were studied by using the adapted and the parental strains in Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate (SBH) and Concentrated Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysate (CSBH). The hydrolysate concentration resulted in an increase of total sugar from 34 to 51.8 g L−1 and an approximately twofold increase in nonvolatile toxic compounds like phenol (1.017–2.11 g L−1) in CSBH. An adaptation of the yeast strain to CSBH resulted in improved growth ability and ethanol production, whereas no significant effect was observed in SBH. The adapted yeast showed a promising ethanol production of 4.804 g L−1 after 24 h compared to the parental strain, which produced 1.233 g L−1 after 72 h of fermentation. The adapted yeast could produce about four times more ethanol than the parental strain. In addition, the lag phase decreased from 9 to 5 h and productivity increased 10‐fold. Furthermore, the hydrolysate concentration and the yeast's adaptation were effective methods to improve ethanol production in CSBH. Our data indicate that the new yeast isolate, B. californica HNMA‐5 could be successfully applied to lignocellulosic ethanol production. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1169–1175, 2018
Variability of Liver Shear Wave Measurements Using a New Ultrasound Elastographic Technique
Authors: Nadebaum David P. , Nicoll Amanda J. , Sood Siddharth , Gorelik Alexandra , Gibson Robert N. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesA new 2‐dimensional (2D) shear wave elastographic (SWE) device has been developed for the noninvasive assessment of liver fibrosis. Guidelines on measurement acquisition parameters are not yet well established for this technique. Our study aimed to assess 2D SWE measurement variability and to determine the number of measurements required per patient to reliably assess liver stiffness.MethodsTwo‐dimensional SWE was assessed in 55 patients with mixed‐etiology chronic liver disease on an Aplio 500 ultrasound system (Toshiba Medical Systems Corporation, Tochigi, Japan). Ten measurements were obtained per patient by an operator blinded to all preceding readings. Results were analyzed with clinical information obtained from medical records.ResultsThe median interquartile range/median ratio for 2D SWE was 0.131 (quartiles 1–3, 0.089–0.174). Five readings provided an approximation within 0.11 m/s, or 4.2% of the median velocity of 10 measurements. Factors associated with increased measurement variability included body mass index (ρ = 0.388; P = .01), increased skin‐to‐liver capsule distance (ρ = 0.426; P = .002), and measurements taken within 1.5 cm of the liver capsule (P < .001). Measurements with heterogeneous shear wave profiles (indicated by a region of interest [ROI] SD/speed ratio > 0.15) showed greater deviation from the set's median velocity than those with an ROI SD/speed ratio of 0.15 or lower (0.42 versus 0.22 m/s; P = .001).ConclusionsTwo‐dimensional SWE showed low overall measurement variability, with a minimum of 5 readings providing equivalent precision to the existing method using 10 samples. Obesity, increasing abdominal wall thickness, subcapsular measurements and an ROI SD/speed ratio of greater than 0.15 were all associated with increased measurement variability. The ROI SD/speed ratio warrants further evaluation as a quality assessment metric, to allow objective operator assessment of individual 2D SWE measurement reliability in real time.
Fertility Treatment Outcomes After Follicle Tracking With Standard 2‐Dimensional Sonography Versus 3‐Dimensional Sonography‐Based Automated Volume Count: Prospective Study
Authors: Wertheimer Avital , Nagar Ran , Oron Galia , Meizner Israel , Fisch Benjamin , Ben‐Haroush Avi 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesThe use of sonography‐based Automated Volume Count (SonoAVC; GE Healthcare, Kretz, Zipf, Austria) leads to substantially lower intraobserver and interobserver variability with a considerable advantage in time gain for both the physician and patient. It offers the possibility of continuous training and standardization of follicular monitoring. Manual and automated follicular measurements during in vitro fertilization (IVF) are reported to be comparable during gonadotropin‐releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist treatment. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of follicle tracking with 3‐dimensional (3D) SonoAVC on treatment outcomes in GnRH antagonist IVF cycles.MethodsA prospective trial included 54 women undergoing their first to fourth GnRH antagonist IVF cycles. Follicle tracking from the initiation of ovarian stimulation until the day of oocyte retrieval and timing of oocyte retrieval was done either by conventional 2‐dimensional (2D) sonography or 3D SonoAVC (open‐labeled parallel assignment). In both groups, recombinant human chorionic gonadotropin was injected when there were at least 3 leading follicles measuring 17 mm. The primary outcome was the oocyte maturation rate, and secondary outcomes were the fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate.ResultsThe number of retrieved oocytes, number and rate of mature oocytes, fertilization rate, and clinical pregnancy rate were similar for 2D sonography and 3D SonoAVC. On a multivariate regression analysis, the use of 3D sonography was not a significant independent predictor of mature oocytes or clinical pregnancy rates.ConclusionsFollicle tracking with 3D sonographic follicular volume measurements does not achieve better fertility outcomes than standard 2D sonography.
Combined Influence of Gestational Weight Gain and Estimated Fetal Weight on Risk Assessment for Small‐ or Large‐for‐Gestational‐Age Birth Weight: A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pugh Sarah J. , Hinkle Stefanie N. , Kim Sungduk , Albert Paul S. , Newman Roger , Grobman William A. , Wing Deborah A. , Grantz Katherine L. 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the frequency with which gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight do not track across gestation and to assess the risk of small‐for‐gestational‐age (SGA) and large‐for‐gestational‐age (LGA) birth weight as a function of tracking.MethodsThis study included a pregnancy cohort (2009–2013) of 2438 women from 4 racial/ethnic groups in the United States. We calculated race‐ and trimester‐specific gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight z scores. The prevalence of how often gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight did not or did directly track was examined by grouping z scores into measure‐specific categories (<−1 SD, −1 to + 1 SD, and >1 SD) and then examining 2‐measure combinations. Trimester‐specific relative risks for SGA and LGA births were estimated with a gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight z score interaction. We estimated coefficients for selected gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight values (–1 SD, 0 SD, and +1 SD) compared with the referent of 0 SD for both measures. Small and large for gestational age were calculated as birth weight below the 10th and at or above the 90th percentiles, respectively.ResultsGestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight were within 1 SD 55.5%, 51.5%, and 48.2% of the time in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively. There was no significant interaction between gestational weight gain and estimated fetal weight on the risk of SGA in the first and second trimesters (interaction term P = .48; P = .79). In the third trimester, there was a significant interaction (P = .002), resulting in a 71% (95% confidence interval, 1.45–2.02) increased risk of SGA when estimated fetal weight was low and gestational weight gain was high. These relationships were similar for the risk of LGA.ConclusionsDeviations in either measure, even in the presence of average gestational weight gain or estimated fetal weight, still suggest an increased risk of SGA and LGA.
Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Zone II Partial Flexor Tendon Lacerations of the Fingers: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Kazmers Nikolas H. , Gordon Joshua A. , Buterbaugh Kristen L. , Bozentka David J. , Steinberg David R. , Khoury Viviane 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesAccurate assessment of zone II partial flexor tendon lacerations in the finger is clinically important. Surgical repair is recommended for lacerations of greater than 50% to 60%. Our goal was to evaluate ultrasonographic test characteristics and accuracy in identifying partial flexor tendon lacerations in a cadaveric model.MethodsFrom fresh‐frozen above‐elbow human cadaveric specimens, 32 flexor digitorum profundus tendons were randomly selected to remain intact or receive low‐ or high‐grade lacerations involving 10% to 40% and 60% to 90% of the radioulnar width within Verdan Zone II, respectively. Static and dynamic ultrasonography using a linear array 14‐MHz transducer was performed by a blinded musculoskeletal radiologist. Sensitivities, specificities, and other standard test performance metrics were calculated. Actual and measured percentages of tendon laceration were compared by the paired t test.ResultsAfter randomization, 24 tendons were lacerated (12 low‐ and 12 high‐grade), whereas 8 remained intact. The sensitivity and specificity in detecting the presence versus absence of a partial laceration were 0.54 and 0.75, respectively, with positive and negative likelihood ratio values of 2.17 and 0.61. For low‐grade lacerations, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.25 and 0.85, compared to 0.83 and 0.85 for high‐grade lacerations. Ultrasonography underestimated the percentage of tendon involvement by a mean of 18.1% for the study population as a whole (95% confidence interval, 9.0% to 27.2%; P < .001) but accurately determined the extent for correctly diagnosed high‐grade lacerations (–6.7%; 95% confidence interval, –18.7% to 5.2%; P = .22).ConclusionsUltrasonography was useful in identifying and characterizing clinically relevant high‐grade zone II partial flexor digitorum profundus lacerations in a cadaveric model.
Exploring novel poly(thiophene‐3‐yl‐amine) through facile self acid assisted‐polycondensation
Authors: Jiang Kang , Cheng Xi , Cai Xinyi , Yanagida Shozo , Xia Jiangbin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTAromatic moieties of benzene and pyridine as side chains for poly(thiophene‐3‐yl‐amine) are rationally designed and synthesized by facile self acid‐assisted polycondensation (SAAP). Nitrogen atom is the key atom to form ammonium cation which guarantees SAAP success while other aromatic moieties are chosen carefully to attach on N atom to functionalize poly(thiophene‐3‐yl‐amine) matrix. Our results indicate that thiophene‐3‐yl‐amine is an excellent platform to construct plenty of functionalized monomers candidates for SAAP. Our study would push SAAP or AAP scope forward and pave the way to explore much more polythiophene derivatives. Furthermore, DFT calculation is carried out to deep understand AAP mechanism. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 4003–4012
Rare case of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma without clinical features of tuberous sclerosis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Azam Mohammad , Rath Satyajeet , Khurana Rohini , Shukla Saumya , Parween Ruhi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSubependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) is a slow‐growing tumor originating in the walls of the lateral ventricles, usually presenting in the first two decades of life, and is often associated with tuberous sclerosis complex. However, few cases of SEGA without any clinical features of tuberous sclerosis complex have been reported. Here, we present a case of an 11‐year‐old boy with right hemibody weakness and headache for 1.5 years. He was diagnosed with solitary SEGA without any clinical features of tuberous sclerosis complex. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed an intracranial space‐occupying lesion in the left internal capsule. Biopsy was consistent with SEGA. There were no stigmata of tuberous sclerosis complex. The patient was treated with curative intent by radiotherapy.
Application of the Partitioning Technique to Scattering Problems in the Theory of Non‐Relativistic Fermion‐Boson Quantum Fields
Authors: RÉDEI L. B. 
Published: September 2017

The partitioning technique is used to calculate the approximate scattering amplitude for elastic fermion‐boson scattering in nonrelativistic quantum field theory. The approximation is not based on a power series expansion in the coupling constant and it is therefore applicable even in the case of strong coupling. For the applicability of the proposed approximation scheme it is required that the coupling should be linear in the boson field and that virtual fermion‐antifermion pair creation processes can be neglected. As an example low energy pion‐nucleon scattering is discussed in detail.On emploie la méthode de partition pour calculer l'amplitude de diffusion approximative de la diffusion élastique fermion‐boson dans la théorie quantique des champs non‐relativiste. Cette approximation n'est pas basée sur un développement en puissances de la constante de couplage. Pour cette raison elle reste valable même dans le cas de couplage fort. Il est nécessaire, pourque la méthode d'approximation proposée soit applicable, que le couplage soit linéaire dans le champ des bosons et qu'on puisse négliger des procès de création de paires virtuelles fermion‐antifermion. On discute en detail la diffusion pion‐nucléon de basse énergie.Die Partitionsmethode wurde zur Berechnung der approximativen Streuungsamplitude für elastische Fermion‐Bosonstreuung in nichtrelativistischer Quantenfeldtheorie angewendet. Diese Approximation beruht nicht auf einer Potenzreihenentwicklung in der Kopplungskonstante und ist dafür auch in dem Fall starker Kopplung anwendbar. Für die Anwendbarkeit der vorgeschlagenen Approximationsmethode ist es aber notwendig dass die Kopplung linear im Bosonfeld ist und dass Paarschöpfungsprozesse von virtuellen Fermion‐Antifermionen vernachlässigt werden können. Als Beispiel wurde die Pion‐Nukleonstreuung für tiefe Energien eingehend diskutiert.