bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phthisis Bulbi and Buphthalmos as Presenting Signs of Retinoblastoma: A Report of Two Cases and Literature Review
Authors: Hadjistilianou T. , De Francesco S. , Marconcini S. , Mastrangelo D. , Galluzzi P. , Toti P. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report two cases of bilateral retinoblastoma (RB) with unusual presentations. Methods The medical records of 321 patients from the Retinoblastoma Referral Center in Siena were reviewed. A total of 111 patients had bilateral RB, 2 of them presenting with phthisis bulbi and buphthalmos. Both patients underwent bilateral enucleation. Clinical features, imaging studies, and histopathology were reviewed. Results These 2 cases represent 0.62% (2/321) in our series. Histopathology did not reveal viable tumor cells in the phthisical eyes; in both buphthalmic eyes the tumor was active, infiltrating the choroid and optic nerve. Conclusions Phthisis bulbi and buphthalmos are unusual presenting signs of RB. This very rare combination of these two signs in different eyes of the same patient is probably due to a delay in diagnosis.
Conjunctival Papilloma and Human Papillomavirus: Identification of HPV Types by PCR
Authors: Minchiotti S. , Masucci L. , Santos M. Serapiao Dos , Perrella E. , Graffeo R. , Lambiase A. , Bonini S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the identification of human papillomavirus types in four cases of conjunctival papillomas and to review the literature regarding human conjunctival papillomavirus (HPV). Methods Specimens from conjunctival papillomas of four patients were analyzed for the presence of HPV by polymerase chain reaction and subsequent filter hybridization. HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, and 33 were investigated. Histologic sections were analyzed for the presence of koilocytosis. Results Histologic examination confirmed HPV infection in all cases. HPV type 11 was detected in all specimens. Conclusions HPV is frequently implicated in the pathogenesis of proliferative squamous lesions. HPV type 11 was the most frequently found in benign conjunctival lesion in this study.
Bilateral Disc Edema and Unilateral Macular Hole in a Patient with Retinitis Pigmentosa
Authors: Ozdek S. , Ozdogan S. , Sezgin T. , Gürelik G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose A unique case of retinitis pigmentosa (RP) associated with bilateral disc edema and unilateral macular hole is presented. Methods A 49-year-old woman, a known RP patient, was found to have bilateral disc edema and a macular hole in the left eye during routine clinical examination. Fluorescein angiography revealed hyperfluorescent leakage of the optic nerve head significantly OD and minimally OS. There was staining in the macular regions which was consistent with retinal pigment epithelium atrophy OD and cystoid macular edema (CME) OS. Cerebrospinal fluid pressure and examination by lumbar puncture was normal. Disc edema spontaneously decreased bilaterally during follow-up. Discussion Bilateral disc edema was thought to be secondary to inflammation caused by rapid degeneration of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelium and macular hole was secondary to CME. Conclusions Inflammatory response in the course of retinitis pigmentosa may result in disc edema and cystoid macular edema, which may further progresses to macular hole.
A Regression Model for Correcting Intraocular Lens Power after Refractive Surgery Independent of Preoperative Data
Authors: Razmjoo H. , Peyman A. , Kashfi A. , Peyman M. , Dehghani A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To find a method of calculating intraocular lens (IOL) power that may be independent of preoperative data in eyes that have previously undergone myopic laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods In 148 eyes of 75 patients, before and 6 months after LASIK, IOL power was calculated with SRK/T formula utilizing the spherical equivalent as the desired target refraction. Assuming that LASIK does not alter the crystalline lens refractive properties, IOL calculation error (CER) was estimated with this formula: CER = [pre-LASIK IOL power]/[post-LASIK IOL power]. Then the authors used postoperative biometry and Orbscan II corneal topography data in multiple regression models to find the best variables to predict the CER. Predicted amount of error which is calculated independent of preoperative data could be used to correct the post-LASIK calculated IOL: [corrected post-LASIK IOL power] = CER x [post-LASIK IOL power]. Results A regression model with these predictors was found: axial length in millimeters (L), radius of the anterior corneal surface best fitted sphere in millimeters divided by radius of the posterior corneal surface best fitted sphere in millimeters (AntBFS/PostBFS), corneal central 5 millimeters mean power in diopters divided by corneal central 3 millimeters mean power in diopters (mean 5 mm/mean 3 mm), the post-LASIK IOL power, and the post-LASIK simulated K reading. The model R square was 0.88. Conclusions There is correlation between post-LASIK biometry values and IOL power correction factor. This study presents a new model for further investigation.
Conservative Treatment of Keratoconus by Riboflavin-UVA-Induced Cross-Linking of Corneal Collagen: Qualitative Investigation of Corneal Epithelium and Subepithelial Nerve Plexus Regeneration by in vivo HRT II System Confocal Microscopy in Humans
Authors: Mazzotta C. , Traversi C. , Baiocchi S. , Sergio P. , Caporossi T. , Caporossi A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To assess corneal tissue modifications after riboflavin-UVA-induced cross-linking of corneal collagen in patients with progressive keratoconus as well as regeneration of epithelium and subepithelial nerve plexus by in vivo HRT II system confocal microscopy in humans. Methods Ten patients with progressive keratoconus were treated by riboflavin-UVA-induced cross-linking of corneal collagen, involving assessment of ultrastructural modifications of the corneal epithelium and subepithelial nerve plexus by HRT II system confocal microscopy. Treatment included instillation of 0.1% riboflavin-20% dextrane solution 5 minutes before UVA irradiation and every 5 minutes for a total of 30 minutes. Radiant energy was 3 mW/cm2 or 5.4 Joule/cm2 and the source was dual UVA (370 nm) light-emitting led. The protocol included the operation followed by antibiotic medication and eye dressing with a soft therapeutic contact lens. Changes in epithelium and subepithelial and stromal nerve plexus were assessed by HRT II system confocal microscopy in vivo. Results After 5 days of soft contact lens wearing corneal epithelium has a regular morphology and density. Disappearance of subepithelial stromal nerve fibers was observed in the central irradiated area where, 1 month after the operation, initial reinnervation was microscopically observed. No changes in nerve fibers were observed in the peripheral untreated with a clear lateral transition between the two areas. Six months after the operation, the anterior subepithelial stroma was recolonized by nerve fibers with restoration of corneal sensitivity. Conclusions HRT II system confocal microscopy confirms corneal epithelium restore and reinnervation after riboflavin-UVA-induced collagen cross-linking directly in vivo in humans.
Band Keratopathy: A Modified Treatment
Authors: De Ortueta D. , Schreyger F. , Baatz H. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The surgical treatment of band keratopathy usually consists of abrasion of the corneal epithelium followed by removal of the subepithelial calcium deposits by means of an ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution. In order to reduce the discomfort and pain that occur after corneal abrasion, the authors developed a modified technique that avoids the abrasion of the epithelium. Methods In three patients (four eyes) with long-standing band keratopathy, the epithelium was detached with a 19% ethanol solution and placed gently toward the limbus, a method also used in laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASER). After clearing the anterior stroma with EDTA solution, the epithelial flap is unrolled and a bandage contact lens applied. Results Postoperative pain was greatly reduced and after removal of the contact lens no pain was reported. Conclusions This modified epithelium-sparing treatment of band keratopathy shows good results while reducing postoperative pain.
Adenoma of the Nonpigmented Ciliary Epithelium
Authors: Elizalde J. , Ubia S. , Barraquer R.I. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the clinicopathologic features of an adenoma of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium. DESIGN. Single interventional case report. Methods A nonpigmented iris and ciliary body tumor was diagnosed in a 66-year-old woman who complained of blurred vision related to a unilateral cataract. A combined cataract surgery and partial lamellar sclerouvectomy was performed. Results Histopathologic findings disclosed an adenoma of the nonpigmented ciliary epithelium. Conclusions Unilateral cataract in an adult patient can be rarely related to a tumor growing from the ciliary epithelium. Adenoma of the non pigmented ciliary epithelium may mimic an amelanotic melanoma. Partial lamellar sclerouvectomy is an effective method to manage this condition and to confirm the diagnosis.
Long-Term Results of Closed Nasolacrimal Intubation in Adults
Authors: Shah A. , Tekriwal A.K. , Drummond P.M. , Woodruff G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is the standard surgical treatment for adult nasolacrimal duct obstruction. There have been relatively few studies of closed nasolacrimal duct intubation in adults. The aim of this study was to determine rates of anatomic patency following this procedure. Methods The authors carried out a survey of all patients undergoing closed nasolacrimal duct intubation as a primary procedure over a period of 3 years and 4 months. There were 32 eligible patients of whom 20 attended for review. Results A total of 75% of these cases had patent drainage after follow-up of between 6 months and 3 years. The proportion of patients with persistent patency after intubation was the same regardless of length of follow-up. Conclusions The minimally invasive procedure of lacrimal intubation may have a role in some adults with nasolacrimal duct obstruction.
Changes in Higher Order Aberrations after Wavefront-Guided Prk for Correction of Low to Moderate Myopia and Myopic Astigmatism: Two-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Wygledowska-Promienska D. , Zawojska I. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To assess efficacy, safety, and changes in higher order aberrations after wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in comparison with conventional PRK for low to moderate myopia with myopic astigmatism using a WASCA Workstation with the MEL 70 G-Scan excimer laser. Methods A total of 126 myopic or myopic-astigmatic eyes of 112 patients were included in this retrospective study. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, the study group; and Group 2, the control group. Group 1 consisted of 78 eyes treated with wavefront-guided PRK. Group 2 consisted of 48 eyes treated with spherocylindrical conventional PRK. Results Two years postoperatively, in Group 1, 5% of eyes achieved an uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of 0.05; 69% achieved a UCVA of 0.00; 18% of eyes experienced enhanced visual acuity of −0.18 and 8% of −0.30. In Group 2, 8% of eyes achieved a UCVA of 0.1; 25% achieved a UCVA of 0.05; and 67% achieved a UCVA of 0.00 according to logMAR calculation method. Total higher-order root-mean square increased by a factor 1.18 for Group 1 and 1.6 for Group 2. There was a significant increase of coma by a factor 1.74 in Group 2 and spherical aberration by a factor 2.09 in Group 1 and 3.56 in Group 2. Conclusions The data support the safety and effectiveness of the wavefront-guided PRK using a WASCA Workstation for correction of low to moderate refractive errors. This method reduced the number of higher order aberrations induced by excimer laser surgery and improved uncorrected and spectacle-corrected visual acuity when compared to conventional PRK.
Resolution of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis-Associated Uveitis after Development of Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Authors: Amer R. , Bamonte G. , Forrester J.V. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe the occurrence of common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) in a patient with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and JIA-associated uveitis. Methods/Results Case report. A 29-year-old woman was followed-up since the age of 10 years because of right eye JIA-associated recurrent anterior uveitis. She was treated with steroids and immunosuppressants with good control of uveitis and arthritis. At the age of 17 years, she did not experience any further relapse of uveitis or arthritis and both diseases were considered to be in remission. Concomitantly, she started to have recurrent infections and later she underwent splenectomy because of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Liver biopsy disclosed granulomatous hepatitis. She was ultimately diagnosed with CVID at the age of 23 years when her blood tests revealed neutropenia and severe panhypogammaglobulinemia. She has been treated since then with intravenous immunoglobulins with good control of the disease. Since the development of CVID, she has had no relapses of uveitis or arthritis during a follow-up period of 12 years. Conclusions Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most common primary immunodeficiency where defective antibody formation is the most common feature with B-cell differentiation failure. Ocular complications have been rarely documented and included bacterial conjunctivitis, retinal vasculitis and multifocal choroiditis. We herein report on the occurrence of JIA-associated uveitis as a comorbid manifestation of CVID. We speculate a role for B cells in the pathogenesis of JIA and JIA-associated uveitis here, as this patient had total remission of both conditions with the onset of CVID.
Retinal Pigment Epithelial Tear after Ranibizumab Therapy for Subfoveal Fibrovascular Pigment Epithelial Detachment
Authors: Chan C.K. , Lin S.G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe the unusual complication of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) tear after intravitreal ranibizumab (Lucentis®) for subfoveal fibrovascular pigment epithelial detachment (PED) and its effective management. Methods Chart review for case report of RPE tear after ranibizumab. Results An inferior RPE tear was documented by fluorescein angiography, fundus photography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) 1 month after receiving repeat ranibizumab injection in the right eye of a patient with bilateral subfoveal fibrovascular PED. He had undergone multiple bevacizumab followed by ranibizumab injections for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in both eyes, starting 6 months previously. Subsequent antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy improved vision of right eye from 20/200 to 20/40, despite RPE tear. Conclusions RPE tear may form after anti-VEGF therapy, including ranibizumab injection. Further anti-VEGF therapy may preserve or improve vision. To the authors' knowledge, this is first case report of effective suppression of neovascular activity with bevacizumab after an RPE tear following ranibizumab therapy.
Herpetic Optic Neuritis Associated with Herpetic Keratitis
Authors: Sáenz-Francés F. , Calvo-González C. , Jiménez-Santos M. , Méndez-Hernández C. , Fernandez-Vidal A.M. , Martínez-De-La-Casa J.M. , García-Sánchez J. , García-Feijoó J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of herpetic optic neuritis associated with herpetic keratitis. Methods A 65 year old woman presented with oedema in the nasal sector of his right papilla. Blood biochemistry, a haemogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein were all normal. The patient was diagnosed as having a non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. One week later slit lamp examination showed diffuse stromal corneal oedema and a dendritic lesion in the nasal zone of the corneal epithelium. Results Serology for varicela-zoster virus was positive. Treatment was started with valacyclovir given orally and topical acyclovir ointment. A week later, the optic disc swelling and corneal lesions had resolved. Conclusions The precise mechanism through which the papilla and cornea were successively affected in our patient is unclear but the sensitive innervation of both these structures is provided by the nasal branch of the nasociliary nerve and the spread of herpes via this nerve could affect both sites.
A Comparison of the Polypropylene Plate Ahmed™ Glaucoma Valve to the Silicone Plate Ahmed™ Glaucoma Flexible Valve
Authors: Hinkle D.M. , Zurakowski D. , Ayyala R.S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare surgical outcomes following implantation of the polypropylene plate Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) (S-2) and the newer silicone plate AGV (FP-7) with minimum 12 months follow-up in patients with intractable glaucoma. Methods Retrospective chart review of 25 eyes of 22 patients who underwent FP-7 and 26 eyes of 22 patients who underwent S-2 AGV implantation by a single surgeon. Main outcome measures included surgical outcomes in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP) control, hypertensive phase, and postoperative complications. Results There were no significant differences in diagnoses, pre- and postoperative IOP, pre- and postoperative visual acuities at all time points, and in the number of pre- and postoperative medications between the groups. Significant IOP reductions occurred after FP-7 implantation (29.6 ± 13.1 to 12.1 ± 3.4, p < 0.001) and S-2 implantation (31.4 ± 11.7 to 16.1 ± 5.7, p < 0.001). The FP-7 group had a statistically lower IOP compared to the S-2 group at 6 (p<0.05), 9 (p<0.01), and 12 months (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the hypertensive phase between the two groups (p=0.41). Conclusions FP-7 model silicone plate AGV resulted in lower IOP compared to the older S-2 polypropylene plate AGV at 1 year. This may suggest that the plate material may influence clinical outcome.
Ocular Surface Temperature in Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: Preliminary Data
Authors: Sodi A. , Giambene B. , Falaschi G. , Caputo R. , Innocenti B. , Corvi A. , Menchini U. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare ocular surface temperature (OST) measures in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) and controls. Methods Thirty-six patients with unilateral CRVO and 54 healthy volunteers were included in the study. OST was evaluated by infrared thermography. Results In CRVO eyes and in fellow, nonaffected eyes, OST values were lower than in controls (p<0.05). Ischemic CRVO eyes showed lower temperatures than nonischemic ones. Conclusions Infrared thermography may be helpful in the management of patients with CRVO.
Visual Recovery after Scleral Buckling for Macula-Off Retinal Detachments: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study
Authors: Cavallini G.M. , Masini C. , Volante V. , Pupino A. , Campi L. , Pelloni S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To assess the postoperative macular reattachment through OCT3 in eyes treated with episcleral surgery due to macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, as well as to verify if there is a statistically relevant relation between the persistence of a subfoveal detachment and poor postoperative functional recovery. Methods Twelve eyes of 12 patients who underwent episcleral surgery due to macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were enrolled and examined in a prospective study. Exclusion criteria were the following: traumatic retinal detachments, detachment relapses, macular holes, amblyopia, and grade B proliferative vitreoretinopathy or higher. The time period from the onset of subjective symptoms of retinal detachment to retinal surgery ranged from 3 to 7 days. All patients were evaluated in the preoperative and the postoperative period (after 1, 3, and 6 months) through measurement of visual acuity by ETDRS charts, fundus photographs, and macular tomography with OCT3. The postoperative tomography outcomes and the visual acuity were statistically examined using the Mann-Whitney U-test. Results One month after surgery, despite the macular reattachment assessable ophthalmoscopically and through fundus photographs, the OCT examination showed macular subretinal fluid persistence in 66.6% of cases. After 3 and 6 months, the persistence of such foveal detachment was respectively observed in 41.6% and in 33.3% of cases. Moreover, the macular subretinal fluid persistence in the postoperative period showed a statistically significant relation with poor functional recovery. Conclusions Delayed or incomplete visual recovery after episcleral surgery for macula-off retinal detachment may be related to macular subretinal fluid persistence, assessable with tomography and not visible ophthalmoscopically.
The Effect of Levodopa and Dopamine Agonists on Optic Nerve Head in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Yavas G.F. , Yilmaz Ö. , Küsbeci T. , Öztürk F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the effects of levodopa and dopamine agonists on retinal nerve fiber layer using scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Methods Forty-four patients with the diagnosis of Parkinson disease and receiving levodopa or dopamine agonist monotherapy were included in this prospective study. The control group consisted of 21 normal cases. The optic nerve head images were taken with Heidelberg Retina Tomograph; rim area, rim volume, mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness, and the results of Moorfields regression analysis were calculated. The measurement results were evaluated with Kruskal Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U-test. Results There was no significant difference in mean age among groups (p=0.093). Retinal nerve fiber layer was measured to be significantly decreased in cases with Parkinson disease (p=0.004) while rim area and rim volume did not show a significant change (p=0.224, p=0.804 respectively). Rim area, rim volume, and retinal nerve fiber layer were significantly greater in the group treated with levodopa while it was the thinnest in the group receiving dopamine agonists. Conclusions Levodopa can have a protective affect to retinal nerve fiber layer in Parkinson disease compared to dopamine agonists.
Does Compliance with Amblyopia Management Improve following Supervised Occlusion Treatment?
Authors: El-Ghrably I.A. , Longville D. , Gnanaraj L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To demonstrate improvement in compliance following supervised occlusion therapy for amblyopia in children who had failed to respond to outpatient treatment. Methods Retrospective review of the visual outcome of 30 children who were admitted to an ophthalmology ward for 1-day intensive supervised occlusion. These children had documented poor compliance and previously failed to respond to the outpatient occlusion treatment. During their stay a trained ophthalmology nurse educated parents regarding amblyopia and the benefits of occlusion therapy. Visual acuity (VA) of the amblyopic and fellow eyes was recorded on admission, discharge, and at each subsequent visit. The compliance was recorded from parent's history and also indirectly by noticing improvement in vision. Results The mean supervised occlusion was 7.4 hours (range 4–12 hours). The compliance with occlusion therapy improved in 23 children (77%) after discharge. The mean duration of occlusion after discharge improved to 4 hours (range 1–12 hours). The mean follow-up was 18 months (range 4–24 months). Though there was no dramatic improvement in VA at discharge there was a statistically significant improvement in VA between admission and last recorded VA (p<0.0001). Of the 23 children who were compliant with occlusion following discharge, 21 (91%) gained at least one line of acuity in their amblyopic eye on the last assessment of their VA and five of them achieved 6/12. Of the seven children who did not comply with occlusion following discharge, only one patient gained one line improvement in his amblyopic eye. Conclusions This study shows that supervised occlusion treatment and parental education was effective in children who had initially failed traditional outpatient treatment.