bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transient Ingrowth of Lymphatic Vessels into the Physiologically Avascular Cornea Regulates Corneal Edema and Transparency
Authors: Hos Deniz , Bukowiecki Anne , Horstmann Jens , Bock Felix , Bucher Franziska , Heindl Ludwig M. , Siebelmann Sebastian , Steven Philipp , Dana Reza , Eming Sabine A. , Cursiefen Claus 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLymphangiogenesis is essential for fluid homeostasis in vascularized tissues. In the normally avascular cornea, however, pathological lymphangiogenesis mediates diseases like corneal transplant rejection, dry eye disease, and allergy. So far, a physiological role for lymphangiogenesis in a primarily avascular site such as the cornea has not been described. Using a mouse model of perforating corneal injury that causes acute and severe fluid accumulation in the cornea, we show that lymphatics transiently and selectively invade the cornea and regulate the resolution of corneal edema. Pharmacological blockade of lymphangiogenesis via VEGFR-3 inhibition results in increased corneal thickness due to delayed drainage of corneal edema and a trend towards prolonged corneal opacification. Notably, lymphatics are also detectable in the cornea of a patient with acute edema due to spontaneous Descemet´s (basement) membrane rupture in keratoconus, mimicking this animal model and highlighting the clinical relevance of lymphangiogenesis in corneal fluid homeostasis. Together, our findings provide evidence that lymphangiogenesis plays an unexpectedly beneficial role in the regulation of corneal edema and transparency. This might open new treatment options in blinding diseases associated with corneal edema and transparency loss. Furthermore, we demonstrate for the first time that physiological lymphangiogenesis also occurs in primarily avascular sites.
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase2.1 contributes to the soybean response towards Phytophthora sojae infection
Authors: Zhang Chuanzhong , Wang Xin , Zhang Feng , Dong Lidong , Wu Junjiang , Cheng Qun , Qi Dongyue , Yan Xiaofei , Jiang Liangyu , Fan Sujie , Li Ninghui , Li Dongmei , Xu Pengfei , Zhang Shuzhen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPhytophthora root and stem rot of soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] caused byPhytophthora sojaeis a destructive disease worldwide. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is one of the most extensively studied enzymes related to plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanism of PAL in soybean in response toP.sojaeis largely unclear. Here, we characterize a novel member of the soybean PAL gene family,GmPAL2.1, which is significantly induced byP.sojae. Overexpression and RNA interference analysis demonstrates that GmPAL2.1 enhances resistance toP.sojaein transgenic soybean plants. In addition, the PAL activity inGmPAL2.1-OX transgenic soybean is significantly higher than that of non-transgenic plants after infection withP.sojae, while that inGmPAL2.1-RNAi soybean plants is lower. Further analyses show that the daidzein, genistein and salicylic acid (SA) levels and the relative content of glyceollins are markedly increased inGmPAL2.1-OX transgenic soybean. Taken together, these results suggest the important role of GmPAL2.1 functioning as a positive regulator in the soybean response toP.sojaeinfection, possibly by enhancing the content of glyceollins, daidzein, genistein and SA.
Divergent co-transcriptomes of different host cells infected with Toxoplasma gondii reveal cell type-specific host-parasite interactions
Authors: Swierzy Izabela J. , Händel Ulrike , Kaever Alexander , Jarek Michael , Scharfe Maren , Schlüter Dirk , Lüder Carsten G. K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe apicomplexan parasite Toxoplasma gondii infects various cell types in avian and mammalian hosts including humans. Infection of immunocompetent hosts is mostly asymptomatic or benign, but leads to development of largely dormant bradyzoites that persist predominantly within neurons and muscle cells. Here we have analyzed the impact of the host cell type on the co-transcriptomes of host and parasite using high-throughput RNA sequencing. Murine cortical neurons and astrocytes, skeletal muscle cells (SkMCs) and fibroblasts differed by more than 16,200 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) before and after infection with T. gondii. However, only a few hundred of them were regulated by infection and these largely diverged in neurons, SkMCs, astrocytes and fibroblasts indicating host cell type-specific transcriptional responses after infection. The heterogeneous transcriptomes of host cells before and during infection coincided with ~5,400 DEGs in T. gondii residing in different cell types. Finally, we identified gene clusters in both T. gondii and its host, which correlated with the predominant parasite persistence in neurons or SkMCs as compared to astrocytes or fibroblasts. Thus, heterogeneous expression profiles of different host cell types and the parasites’ ability to adapting to them may govern the parasite-host cell interaction during toxoplasmosis.
Substrate integrated‐based Fermi‐Dirac multibeam antenna for mmWave applications
Authors: Gupta S. , Briqech Z. , Sebak A.R. 
Published: July 2017

A multi‐feed Ka‐band sin‐shape corrugation antipodal Fermi‐linear tapered slot antenna subarray is presented. The proposed prototype consists of four antenna elements excited by multimode beamforming network as an efficient method to perform beamforming operation without any use of couplers and phase shifters. It is implemented using substrate integrated waveguide technology. The four‐element subarray has a measured gain of 11.45–13.86 dB along with beam scanning range of 24° and a narrow beamwidth (11.85°–13.05°) over 29–36 GHz. The measured mutual coupling between the four antenna ports is better than – 20 dB over the frequency range 29–36 GHz. The proposed multibeam antenna can be implemented for applications related to target tracking and imaging systems.
Safety and Effectiveness of Transarterial Embolization for Blunt Abdominal Injuries: A Multicenter Study with Review of Literature
Authors: Cherian Mathew , Kalyanpur Tejas , Murali Krishna , Garg Ashwin , Munde Yadav , Yadav Ajit , Gupta Arun , Dalai Sibasankar , Desai Paresh , Jadhav Prithviraj 
Published: July 2017

Aims To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transarterial embolization for blunt abdominal trauma in patients without the imaging signs of peritonitis or bowel injury.
Materials and Methods A total of 45 patients (41 males and 4 females; mean age: 32.15) were studied, of which 48% were hemodynamically unstable. All patients underwent multidetector computed tomography prior to selective angiography and embolization. Outcomes were considered as favorable if embolization was successful in achieving hemostasis. The frequency of complications, mortality rates, and duration of hospital stay were calculated.
Results Embolization was successful in achieving hemostasis in all patients. None of the patients required surgery to achieve hemostasis after embolization. The overall mortality rate was 13.3% and none related to persistent bleeding. The mean intensive care unit stay was 5.6 days and the median was 3.5 days. Only one patient required continued blood transfusion of more than 10 units after embolization. No major complications were encountered except for one patient who required hemodialysis for acute renal injury related to embolization procedure.
Conclusion Transarterial embolization is very effective in treating bleeding related to blunt abdominal trauma even in hemodynamically unstable patients and is associated with minimal complications. Embolization should be considered as an integral part of resuscitative measures for bleeding related to trauma.
Pulse-Spray Pharmacomechanical Thrombolysis of Native Arteriovenous Fistulas and Grafts under Ultrasound Guidance: Our Initial Experience
Authors: Vasanthraj Praveen , Bandi Varun , Sai Venkata , Shekar Manikanthan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractChronic renal diseases have been on rise with most patients requiring renal transplantation. With advances in treatment, patients undergo hemodialysis through arteriovenous (AV) fistulas and grafts. Thrombosis in these fistulas and grafts are more common and may result in failure. Interventional radiology plays an important role in managing these thromboses through catheter-directed thrombolysis. With success rate of more than 80%, catheter-directed thrombolysis has become the treatment of choice. However, the need of trained personnel, well-equipped catheter laboratories, and expensiveness are its disadvantages. We share our initial experience in two patients in whom we have performed ultrasound-guided percutaneous pulse-spray pharmacomechanical thrombolysis as a day-care procedure. This technique is less expensive, can have a wider outreach, and patients can be benefitted early to avoid new access.
Lenticulostriate Artery Aneurysm Associated with Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation: Report of Rare Association and Its Endovascular Management
Authors: Kannath Santhosh , Rajan Jayadevan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAneurysms involving the lenticulostriate arteries are rare and are described in the literature in small case series or single-case reports. In this report, we discuss a case of a young woman who presented with acute lateral ventricular bleed and was found to have an arteriovenous malformation within the corona radiata and an aneurysm involving the distal lenticulostriate artery. The aneurysm was treated successfully by endovascular embolization. In deep-seated arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that are conventionally treated by stereotactic radiosurgery, a targeted approach for treatment of an associated aneurysm could be considered to reduce the risk of rebleed until the AVM is obliterated.
Radiation Safety Culture: The Way Forward in Practicing Interventional Radiology
Authors: Livingstone Roshan , Varghese Anna 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRadiation dose from catheter-based interventional procedures performed in catheterization laboratories are of concern as an increase of radiation dose beyond threshold limits will be detrimental to the patient. It is important that radiation personnel understand the biological effects of radiation since patient and staff exposure may be significantly high when not adhered to radiation safety standards. Use of protective accessories, such as lead aprons and goggles, has been practiced worldwide for individual protection. Dose audit during interventional procedures is important for the benefit of the patient. Several factors including angiographic equipment, preset protocols, and tube angulations that influence radiation dose to patient and operators and hence modification on radiation safety work practices in the catheterization lab is warranted. Implementing periodic radiation safety training for occupational workers would be beneficial to practice a radiation safety culture.
Expanding Role of Endovascular Repair for Type B Aortic Dissection
Authors: Sharma Sanjiv , Sharma Arun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAortic dissection is a medical emergency that can quickly lead to death, despite optimal treatment. The Stanford classification is widely used and is in close relationship to clinical practice, as type A dissections require primary surgical repair whereas type B dissections are treated medically as initial treatment with surgery or endovascular repair (EVR) reserved for any complications. Multislice CT is the investigation of choice to establish the diagnosis and plan treatment strategies. Therapeutic strategies differ for treatment of an acute dissection compared with a chronic dissection. Traditionally, most institutions favor a “complication specific” approach for type B dissection with antihypertensive treatment and use of β-blockers as primary therapy. Surgery or EVR is reserved for patients with recurrent pain, life-threatening complications, or rapid aortic expansion. With above algorithms, there is evidence that 30 to 50% patients on conservative therapy develop serious morbidity or mortality over 5-year period. Clinical and imaging markers of adverse outcome are being identified to revise the management strategies and offer EVR to those at risk for adverse outcome. This is especially relevant in view of the fact that EVR for type B dissection is associated with procedural success in 99.2 ± 0.1% patients. Overall survival rates of 96.9% at 30 days, 96.7% at 6 months, 96.4% at 1 year, 95.6% at 2 years, and 95.2% at 5 years are reported after EVR in type B dissections. There is emerging evidence that EVR may be noninferior to surgery in this group of patients. These observations along with the development of dissection-specific device designs have the potential to rewrite the management algorithms for type B aortic dissection and define the role of EVR in this disease.
Reversible Rapid Neck Swelling Following Carotid Artery Stenting: A Case Report
Authors: Keshava Shyamkumar , Mammen Thomas , Stephen Edwin , Agarwal Sunil 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report a case of rapid neck swelling from diffuse enlargement of the parotid gland that developed following stenting of the common carotid artery for significant stenosis in a postradiation scenario. Hyperperfusion was considered as the possible mechanism. The pathology and differential diagnoses are discussed. It was conservatively managed and there was significant reduction in the swelling within three days.
Do Patients Access Appropriate Information Online?
Authors: Gupta Amar , Bojrab Dennis , Folbe Adam , Carron Michael , Nissan Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHealth care providers should be aware of information available on the Internet to ensure proper patient care. The current analysis assesses the reliability, quality, and readability of internet information describing rhytidectomy. Previously validated survey instruments to assess the reliability, quality, and readability of online websites describing rhytidectomy were used. An internet search using Google with the search term “facelift” was conducted. The first 50 search results were reviewed, and 36 were deemed appropriate to be included in this analysis. Websites were divided based on type of authorship into professional organization, academic, physician based, and unidentified. The validated DISCERN instrument was used to determine reliability, quality, and overall rating of each site. The Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES) and Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL) were used to measure readability. A 1 to 3 point scale was used to rate websites, with a higher number indicating a website that possessed either greater reliability or greater quality. Mean scores for reliability ranged from 1.7 (±0.99) in the academic group to 2.0 (±0.12) in the unidentified group. Mean scores for quality ranged from 1.5 (±0.13) in the unidentified group to 1.7 (±0.38) in the physician-based group. The highest overall rating was 1.4 (±0.22 and ± 0.31, respectively) in the unidentified and physician-based groups. The lowest overall rating was 1 (±0.58) in the academic group. FRESs ranged from 21.6 to 74.6. FKGLs ranged from 6.9 to 13.9. Information available online regarding rhytidectomy may be significantly deficient in reliability, quality, and readability. These deficiencies are present in articles with all types of author affiliations. This underscores the clinicians' duty to provide patients with high-quality information at an adequate level of comprehension.
Surgical Management of Degenerative Meniscus Lesions: The 2016 ESSKA Meniscus Consensus
Authors: Beaufils P. , Becker R. , Kopf S. , Englund M. , Verdonk R. , Ollivier M. , Seil R. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose A degenerative meniscus lesion is a slowly developing process typically involving a horizontal cleavage in a middle-aged or older person. When the knee is symptomatic, arthroscopic partial meniscectomy has been practised for a long time with many case series reporting improved patient outcomes. Since 2002, several randomised clinical trials demonstrated no additional benefit of arthroscopic partial meniscectomy compared to non-operative treatment, sham surgery or sham arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. These results introduced controversy in the medical community and made clinical decision-making challenging in the daily clinical practice. To facilitate the clinical decision-making process, a consensus was developed. This initiative was endorsed by ESSKA.
Methods A degenerative meniscus lesion was defined as a lesion occurring without any history of significant acute trauma in a patient older than 35 years. Congenital lesions, traumatic meniscus tears and degenerative lesions occurring in young patients, especially in athletes, were excluded. The project followed the so-called formal consensus process, involving a steering group, a rating group and a peer-review group. A total of 84 surgeons and scientists from 22 European countries were included in the process. Twenty questions, their associated answers and an algorithm based on extensive literature review and clinical expertise, were proposed. Each question and answer set was graded according to the scientific level of the corresponding literature.
Results The main finding was that arthroscopic partial meniscectomy should not be proposed as a first line of treatment for degenerative meniscus lesions. Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy should only be considered after a proper standardised clinical and radiological evaluation and when the response to non-operative management has not been satisfactory. Magnetic resonance imaging of the knee is typically not indicated in the first-line work-up, but knee radiography should be used as an imaging tool to support a diagnosis of osteoarthritis or to detect certain rare pathologies, such as tumours or fractures of the knee.
Discussion The present work offers a clear framework for the management of degenerative meniscus lesions, with the aim to balance information extracted from the scientific evidence and clinical expertise. Because of biases and weaknesses of the current literature and lack of definition of important criteria such as mechanical symptoms, it cannot be considered as an exact treatment algorithm. It summarises the results of the “ESSKA Meniscus Consensus Project” (http://www.esska.org/education/projects) and is the first official European consensus on this topic. The consensus may be updated and refined as more high-quality evidence emerges.
Level of Evidence I.
Monitoring Outcome of Joint Arthroplasty in Italy: Implementation of the National Registry
Authors: Torre Marina , Romanini Emilio , Zanoli Gustavo , Carrani Eugenio , Luzi Ilaria , Leone Luisa , Bellino Stefania 
Published: July 2017

Purpose Arthroplasty registries have an important role in improving outcomes in joint surgery. As the demand for joint arthroplasty continues to increase, growing attention is being paid to the establishment of national registries, which contribute to the enhancement of the quality of patients' care. Indeed, providing postmarketing surveillance data in terms of safety and effectiveness of medical devices, registries contribute to the best orthopaedic practice and support public health decision making. In this context, a project aimed at implementing a national arthroplasty registry in Italy has appeared to be essential, and the activities performed in the last years have consolidated data collection of hip and knee replacements.
Methods Based on a close cooperation among public health institutions, clinicians, and involved stakeholders, the architecture of the registry is built on three pillars: (1) data collected using Hospital Discharge Records (HDRs) integrated by an additional dataset, (2) implants identified and characterized in a dedicated medical devices library, and (3) a federation of regional registries coordinated by a public health institution, the Italian National Institute of Health.
Results Besides the organizational structure, statistical analyses on joint arthroplasty from national HDR database (2001–2014) and Italian registry data (2014) are presented. Currently, the institutions participating in the registry on a voluntary basis show 80% of completeness for hip and 58% for knee, and represent approximately 18% of the national volume.
Conclusion To make data collection effective, participation should be mandatory and ruled by a national law.
Level of Study Level III, observational analytic study.
Minimally Invasive Aesthetic Procedures: An Update on a Decade-Old Prediction
Authors: Sand Jordan , Nabili Vishad , Keller Gregory , Moayer Roxana 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn 2007, the senior author (G.S.K.) published a commentary on the importance of incorporating minimally invasive aesthetic procedures into facial plastic surgery practices and training programs. The now decade-old prediction suggested that failing to perform minimally invasive aesthetic procedures placed facial plastic surgeons at risk of practice “phase out.” By not providing the most current options that patients' desire, we may lose patients to outside providers willing to perform those procedures. The aim of this article is to provide an update on this perspective by putting forth the results of the most up-to-date data on practice patterns with regard to minimally invasive aesthetic procedures.
Platelet-Rich Plasma for the Aesthetic Surgeon
Authors: Nabili Vishad , Kochhar Amit , Rawnsley Jeffrey , Keller Gregory , Sand Jordan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autogenously harvested blood plasma containing concentrated levels of platelets and growth factors. PRP has been identified as a promising treatment for enhancing wound healing and has been used for decades in multiple medical specialties including cardiac surgery, oral surgery, ophthalmology, and orthopedic surgery. Growing evidence for multiple aesthetic surgery applications has recently been developed, particularly for hair restoration and skin rejuvenation. The goal of this article is to review the current medical literature on PRP and identify promising applications that may be integrated into a modern aesthetic surgery practice. The evidence for the use of PRP technology is rapidly expanding as a powerful therapy for select cosmetic surgery patients.
Schlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen bei beatmungspflichtigen Patienten – Relevanz für das perioperative und das intensivmedizinische Management
Authors: Keymel S. , Krüger S. , Steiner S. 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungSchlafbezogene Atmungsstörungen (SBAS) als häufige und relevante Komorbidität erfordern sowohl im perioperativen Management als auch in der intensivmedizinischen Behandlung kritisch kranker Patienten besondere Berücksichtigung. Patienten mit SBAS benötigen aufgrund eines erhöhten perioperativen Risikos für kardiale, pneumologische und neurologische Komplikationen eine maßgeschneiderte perioperative Überwachung und Therapie, wobei die aktuellen Empfehlungen primär Patienten mit einer obstruktiven Schlafapnoe betrachten. Die intensivmedizinische Behandlung von kritisch kranken Patienten mit SBAS erfordert ein aufmerksames Management während der Beatmung, in der Weaning- und in der Postextubationsphase, um das Risiko einer prolongierten Beatmung oder eines Weaningversagens zu reduzieren.