bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors for recurrence and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic subdural hematoma
Authors: Han Myung-Hoon , Ryu Je il , Kim Choong Hyun , Kim Jae Min , Cheong Jin Hwan , Yi Hyeong-Joong 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVEChronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is a common type of intracranial hemorrhage in elderly patients. Many studies have suggested various factors that may be associated with the recurrence of CSDH. However, the results are inconsistent. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations among patient factors, recurrence, and clinical outcomes of CSDH after bur hole surgery performed during an 11-year period at twin hospitals.METHODSKaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the risk factors for CSDH recurrence. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% CIs for CSDH recurrence based on many variables. One-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to assess the differences in the mean modified Rankin Scale score between categories for each risk factor during each admission and at the last follow-up.RESULTSThis study was a retrospective analysis of 756 consecutive patients with CSDH who underwent bur hole surgery at the Hanyang University Medical Center (Seoul and Guri) between January 1, 2004, and December 31, 2014. During the 6-month follow-up, 104 patients (13.8%) with recurrence after surgery for CSDH were identified. Independent risk factors for recurrence were as follows: age > 75 years (HR 1.72, 95% CI 1.03–2.88; p = 0.039), obesity (body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2), and a bilateral operation.CONCLUSIONSThis study determined the risk factors for recurrence of CSDH and their effects on outcomes. Further studies are needed to account for these observations and to determine their underlying mechanisms.
Effect of combined VEGF165/SDF-1 gene therapy on vascular remodeling and blood perfusion in cerebral ischemia
Authors: Hu Guo-jie , Feng Yu-gong , Lu Wen-peng , Li Huan-ting , Xie Hong-wei , Li Shi-fang 
Published: December 2016

OBJECTIVETherapeutic neovascularization is a promising strategy for treating patients after an ischemic stroke; however, single-factor therapy has limitations. Stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) proteins synergistically promote angiogenesis. In this study, the authors assessed the effect of combined gene therapy with VEGF165 and SDF-1 in a rat model of cerebral infarction.METHODSAn adenoviral vector expressing VEGF165 and SDF-1 connected via an internal ribosome entry site was constructed (Ad-VEGF165-SDF-1). A rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was established; either Ad-VEGF165-SDF-1 or control adenovirus Ad-LacZ was stereotactically microinjected into the lateral ventricle of 80 rats 24 hours after MCAO. Coexpression and distribution of VEGF165 and SDF-1 were examined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. The neurological severity score of each rat was measured on Days 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after MCAO. Angiogenesis and vascular remodeling were evaluated via bromodeoxyuridine and CD34 immunofluorescence labeling. Relative cerebral infarction volumes were determined by T2-weighted MRI and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Cerebral blood flow, relative cerebral blood volume, and relative mean transmit time were assessed using perfusion-weighted MRI.RESULTSThe Ad-VEGF165-SDF-1 vector mediated coexpression of VEGF165 and SDF-1 in multiple sites around the ischemic core, including the cortex, corpus striatum, and hippocampal granular layer. Coexpression of VEGF165 and SDF-1 improved neural function, reduced cerebral infarction volume, increased microvascular density and promoted angiogenesis in the ischemic penumbra, and improved cerebral blood flow and perfusion.CONCLUSIONSCombined VEGF165 and SDF-1 gene therapy represents a potential strategy for improving vascular remodeling and recovery of neural function after cerebral infarction.
Baseline Shoulder Ultrasonography Is Not a Predictive Marker of Response to Glucocorticoids in Patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica: A 12-month Followup Study
Authors: Miceli Maria Concetta , Zoli Angelo , Peluso Giusy , Bosello Silvia , Gremese Elisa , Ferraccioli Gianfranco 
Published: December 2016

Objective.In this study, we evaluated whether ultrasound (US) subdeltoid bursitis (SB) and/or biceps tenosynovitis (BT) presence at baseline could represent a predictive marker of response to standard therapy after 12 months of followup, and whether a positive US examination could highlight the need of higher maintenance dosage of glucocorticoids (GC) at 6 and 12 months in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR).Methods.Sixty-six consecutive patients with PMR underwent bilateral shoulder US evaluations before starting therapy and after 12 months of followup. Absence of girdle pain and morning stiffness (clinical remission) and laboratory variables were evaluated. After diagnosis, all patients were treated with prednisone.Results.At baseline, SB and/or BT were present in 46 patients (70%), of whom 33 (72%) became negative while 13 (28%) remained positive at the 12-month US evaluation. All patients rapidly achieved a clinical remission, and at 6 months 26 (39%) also achieved a laboratory variable normalization. According to US positivity at baseline, no difference was found in remission or relapse rate after 12 months. Thirty patients (46%) at 6 months and 7 (11%) at 12 months were still taking more than 5 mg/day of prednisone. According to the US pattern at baseline, no difference was found in the mean GC dose at 6 and 12 months.Conclusion.In patients with PMR, the presence of SB and/or BT on US at diagnosis is not a predictive marker of GC response or of a higher GC dosage to maintain remission in a 12-month prospective followup study.
Understanding How the Diagnostic Delay of Spondyloarthritis Differs Between Women and Men: A Systematic Review and Metaanalysis
Authors: Jovaní Vega , Blasco-Blasco Mar , Ruiz-Cantero M. Teresa , Pascual Eliseo 
Published: December 2016

Objective.To identify empirical evidence of diagnostic delay in spondyloarthritis (SpA), determine whether sex-related differences persist, and conduct an analysis from that perspective of the possible causes, including the influence of quality research, in this group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases.Methods.A systematic review was done of delay in diagnosis of SpA in MEDLINE and EMBASE and other sources. Study quality was determined in line with the Strengthening The Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement. A metaanalysis of 13 papers reporting sex-disaggregated data was performed to evaluate sex-related differences in diagnostic delay. The global effect of diagnostic delay by sex was calculated using means difference (D) through a fixed effects model.Results.The review included 23,883 patients (32.3% women) from 42 papers. No significant differences between the sexes were detected for symptoms at disease onset or during evolution. However, the mean for delay in diagnosis of SpA showed sex-related differences, being 8.8 years (7.4–10.1) for women and 6.5 (5.6–7.4) for men (p = 0.01). Only 40% of papers had high quality. A metaanalysis included 12,073 participants (31.2% women). The mean global effect was D = 0.6 years (0.31–0.89), indicating that men were diagnosed 0.6 year (7 months) before women.Conclusion.Delay in diagnosis of SpA persists, and is longer in women than in men. There are no significant sex-related differences in symptoms that could explain sex-related differences in diagnostic delay. Methodological and possible publication bias could result in sex-biased medical practice.
The Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, and Safety of Arhalofenate in Combination with Febuxostat When Treating Hyperuricemia Associated with Gout
Authors: Steinberg Alexandra S. , Vince Bradley D. , Choi Yun-Jung , Martin Robert L. , McWherter Charles A. , Boudes Pol F. 
Published: December 2016

Objective.Arhalofenate (ARH), in development for gout, has uricosuric and anti-flare activities. ARH plus febuxostat (FBX) were evaluated in subjects with gout for serum uric acid (SUA) lowering, drug interaction, and safety.Methods.Open phase II trial in gout volunteers (NCT02252835). Cohort 1 received ARH 600 mg for 2 weeks, followed by sequential 1-week co-administration of FBX 80 mg followed by 40 mg. FBX 40 mg was continued alone for 2 weeks. Cohort 2 received ARH 800 mg for 2 weeks, followed by sequential 1-week co-administration of FBX 40 mg followed by 80 mg. FBX 80 mg was continued alone for 2 weeks. SUA, its fractional excretion (FEUA), and plasma oxypurines were assessed. Pharmacokinetics of FBX and ARH were determined alone and in combination for cohort 2.Results.Baseline mean SUA was 9.4 mg/dl for cohort 1 (n = 16) and 9.2 mg/dl for cohort 2 (n = 16). The largest SUA decrease (63%) was observed with ARH 800 mg + FBX 80 mg, with all subjects reaching SUA < 6 mg/dl and 93% < 5 mg/dl. The area under the curve (AUC)(0-t)of ARH acid + FBX/ARH acid was 108%. The AUC(0-t)of FBX + ARH acid/FBX was 87%. As expected, FBX increased oxypurines and increases were unaffected by ARH co-administration. Baseline FEUA were low (3.5%–4.6%) and ARH increased them toward normal without overexcretion of UA. ARH was well tolerated and appeared safe.Conclusion.ARH and FBX lowered SUA by complementary mechanisms. The combination provided greater decreases than each drug alone. The combination was well tolerated and appeared safe. Trial registration:NCT02252835.
Consommation d’énergie et croissance économique en Afrique subsaharienne
Authors: Grosset Florian , Nguyen Van Phu 
Published: December 2016

Cet article étudie la relation entre consommation d’énergie par habitant et revenu par habitant, ainsi que les déterminants de cette relation, sur un échantillon de données de panel de 29 pays d’Afrique subsaharienne observés sur la période 1980-2011. Notre spécificité est la prise en compte explicite de l’hétérogénéité entre pays à l’aide d’un modèle de données de panel à coefficients hétérogènes. Les résultats montrent que la relation énergie-revenu est effectivement très hétérogène et que la courbe de Kuznets environnementale existe dans seulement quatre pays. Cette hétérogénéité est également observée dans les effets des variables affectant cette relation. Classification JEL : C23, O55, Q40
Projets d’accès à l’électricité : comment en mesurer les bénéfices ?
Authors: Kayser-Bril Clara , Augareils Pascal 
Published: December 2016

Si le caractère bénéfique des programmes d’électrification fait consensus, ces bénéfices sont rarement définis et quantifiés. La méthode de la chaîne causale permet d’en définir l’étendue – mais comment les mesurer en pratique ? Les auteurs proposent plusieurs approches et présentent deux exemples d’application sur des projets concrets : calcul du surplus du consommateur dans le cadre d’un projet d’électrification rurale au Libéria, enquête sur les perceptions des bénéficiaires dans un contexte d’électrification périurbaine au Tchad. Classification JEL : O12, O22, O55
Nonresponse and Recurrence of Retinopathy of Prematurity After Intravitreal Ranibizumab Treatment
Authors: Chuluunbat Tsengelmaa , Chan R.V. Paul , Wang Nan-Kai , Lien Reyin , Chen Yen-Po , Chao An-Ning , Chen Kuan-Jen , Chen Tun-Lu , Hwang Yih-Shiou , Lai Chi-Chun , Wu Wei-Chi 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate the surgical outcome of type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) (Lucentis; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA) treatment.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
This was a prospective case series. Premature infants with treatment-requiring ROP who received IVR injections from 2013 to 2015 were included.

RESULTS:
Twenty-two eyes of 12 children were included in the study. Complete resolution of ROP after a single IVR was noted in 73% of eyes. Retreatment was needed in 27% of eyes due to nonresponse to IVR (18%) or recurrence of ROP (9%). After that, all treated eyes (100%) demonstrated regressed ROP with attached retina. The median visual acuity was 0.3 LogMAR (range: 0 LogMAR to 0.8 LogMAR) with a mean follow-up of 25.2 months ± 6.8 months.

CONCLUSIONS:
IVR is effective and well-tolerated for patients with treatment-requiring ROP. However, nonresponse to IVR or recurrence of ROP after IVR was noted in 27% of treated eyes and required additional treatment.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:1095–1105.]
Photodynamic Therapy for Pseudophakic Eyes Compared to Eyes With Cataract
Authors: Mimouni Karin , Mimouni Michael , Eldar Ido , Axer-Siegel Ruth , Kramer Michal , Shani Ludmila , Weinberger Dov 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
Verteporfin photodynamic therapy (vPDT) plays a role in the treatment of chorioretinal conditions. The purpose of this study was to compare vPDT outcomes between cataractous and pseudophakic eyes.

PATIENTS AND METHODS:
In this prospective study of consecutive patients with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treated with vPDT, cataract and pseudophakic eyes were compared for number and timing of vPDT treatments, duration of follow-up, angiographic features, and changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA).

RESULTS:

Overall, 103 eyes (n = 95) were included in the final analysis; 44 eyes in the cataract group and 59 eyes in the pseudophakic group. No significant difference in change in BCVA (
P
= .19) or leakage-free CNV lesions (
P
= .58) was found between the groups.

CONCLUSIONS:
In this study of vPDT for nAMD, there was no significant difference between eyes with cataract and pseudophakic eyes. It seems that cataract does not clinically alter the effect of vPDT.

[
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina
. 2016;47:1132–1136.]
Les masques de Claude de Malleville
Authors: Brottier Béatrice 
Published: December 2016

L’œuvre de Claude Malleville, homme de lettres reconnu de ses pairs et de ses contemporains, et secrétaire du maréchal de Bassompierre, grand seigneur de la cour, permet d’étudier, à travers les différents genres dans lesquels il a composé, une diversité d’éthos discursifs, ou de masques, tous différents du visage de celui qui écrit. Ces fluctuations de l’éthos, à la fois génériques et contextuelles, révèlent aussi les spécificités de la fonction des poètes au XVIIe siècle et doivent être analysées en tenant compte de la compétence des lecteurs, en fonction des clefs dont ceux-ci disposent pour discerner quelle figure se cache derrière le masque de l’énonciation.
Le poète et son lecteur : les deux faces de l’éthos dans la poésie française du XIXe siècle
Authors: Laroche Hugues 
Published: December 2016

Même si les critiques du XIXe siècle n’utilisent pas le terme d’éthos, la notion semble centrale, sous le terme d’ « âme », dans la réception de la poésie lyrique. Cette lecture, qui s’impose avec le romantisme, reste ensuite prégnante dans les poétiques qui veulent le dépasser, mais qui toutes jouent sur l’effet miroir du texte poétique, que ce soit pour le truquer (Corbière) ou se l’approprier par la dénégation (Leconte de Lisle).
L’éthos en poésie contemporaine : le cas de James Sacré et d’Antoine Émaz
Authors: Monte Michèle 
Published: December 2016

Nous proposons dans cet article de comparer l’éthos de deux poètes contemporains, James Sacré et Antoine Émaz et, ce faisant, de mettre à l’épreuve notre conception de l’éthos discursif. Nous faisons l’hypothèse que celui-ci est construit par le lecteur sur la base d’une série de marques matérielles : structure du livre, dispositif énonciatif, choix lexicaux, syntaxiques et prosodiques créateurs d’un rythme spécifique, lequel peut être relié à une corporalité de l’énonciateur textuel. Sa construction est également influencée par les textes métapoétiques des auteurs ou par leurs adresses au lecteur au sein même des œuvres étudiées. Le lecteur peut alors adhérer à ce monde éthique ou se tenir à distance de la relation qui lui est proposée.
The Impact of “See the City You Serve” Field Trip: An Educational Tool for Teaching Social Determinants of Health
Authors: Chang Aileen Y. , Bass Tracie L. , Duwell Monique , Berger Jeffrey S. , Bangalore Raksha , Lee Nancy S. , Amdur Richard L. , Andrews Marcus , Fahnestock Esme , Kahsay Lamek , El-Bayoumi Jehan 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
There has been limited evaluation of tools for teaching social determinants of health (SDOH).

Objective
We evaluated a field trip as a tool for teaching SDOH to incoming medical interns.

Methods
Incoming interns from The George Washington University participated in a bus field trip of Washington, DC, guided by community partners. The field trip introduced trainees to local neighborhoods. Pre- and postactivity surveys developed by the authors were analyzed using a Wilcoxon signed rank test. Reflection responses were recorded and counted for recurrent themes.

Results
Incoming interns participated in 2015 (85 of 90, 94%) and in 2016 (96 of 116, 83%). Postactivity, basic knowledge of DC geographic health disparities increased, and a greater percentage of interns reported being at least somewhat comfortable understanding the neighborhoods from which their patients come (2015: 58% versus 89%, P &lt; .0001; 2016: 65% versus 88%, P &lt; .0001); identifying challenges to health care that affect low-income patients (2015: 74% versus 90%, P &lt; .0023); describing community resources (2015: 29% versus 67%, P &lt; .0001; 2016: 29% versus 50%, P &lt; .0001); and referring patients to local community resources (2015: 25% versus 64%, P &lt; .0001; 2016: 36% versus 52%, P &lt; .0001). Interns reported that this experience improved their understanding of patients' background and local resources, and that they would change the way they practice.

Conclusions
A bus field trip guided by community partners is a feasible way to increase residents' perception of their understanding of local disparities and comfort in addressing SDOH.
Using the Electronic Health Record to Identify Educational Gaps for Internal Medicine Interns
Authors: Rajkomar Alvin , Ranji Sumant R. , Sharpe Bradley 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

Background
An important component of internal medicine residency is clinical immersion in core rotations to expose first-year residents to common diagnoses.

Objective
Quantify intern experience with common diagnoses through clinical documentation in an electronic health record.

Methods
We analyzed all clinical notes written by postgraduate year (PGY) 1, PGY-2, and PGY-3 residents on medicine service at an academic medical center July 1, 2012, through June 30, 2014. We quantified the number of notes written by PGY-1s at 1 of 3 hospitals where they rotate, by the number of notes written about patients with a specific principal billing diagnosis, which we defined as diagnosis-days. We used the International Classification of Diseases 9 (ICD-9) and the Clinical Classification Software (CCS) to group the diagnoses.

Results
We analyzed 53 066 clinical notes covering 10 022 hospitalizations with 1436 different ICD-9 diagnoses spanning 217 CCS diagnostic categories. The 10 most common ICD-9 diagnoses accounted for 23% of diagnosis-days, while the 10 most common CCS groupings accounted for more than 40% of the diagnosis-days. Of 122 PGY-1s, 107 (88%) spent at least 2 months on the service, and 3% were exposed to all of the top 10 ICD-9 diagnoses, while 31% had experience with fewer than 5 of the top 10 diagnoses. In addition, 17% of PGY-1s saw all top 10 CCS diagnoses, and 5% had exposure to fewer than 5 CCS diagnoses.

Conclusions
Automated detection of clinical experience may help programs review inpatient clinical experiences of PGY-1s.
Morphological pattern of Crista terminalis, Musculi pectinati and Taenia sagittalis with applied significance
Authors: Rastogi R. , Budhiraja V. , Jain S. , Sharma N. , Garg R. , Nafees H. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Crista terminalis is a fibromuscular vertical ridge of smooth myocardium within the right atrium of the heart. Material and Methods: We examined eighty human hearts obtained from the cadaver to see morphological pattern of Crista terminalis, Musculi pectinati and Taenia sagittalis. In 40% cases musculi pectinati oriented perpendicular to the Crista terminalis followed by Parallel in 18.75%. We also observed single and multiple trunks of Taenia sagittalis in 56.25% and 6.25% cases respectively. In the present study we tried to provide a guideline of gross morphological arrangement of principal muscular bundles for the interventional operator so that they have precise anatomical information prior to interventional procedure.
Morphometric analysis of the coronary arteries: a study of the external diameters
Authors: Silva J. , Nagato A. , Reis R. , Nardeli C. , Abreu F. , Bezerra F. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Approximately a third of worldwide deaths are caused by ischemic or coronary heart disease, suggesting that greater attention is needed to study the coronary diameter and myocardial vasculature. Material and Methods: In this study, 39 human adult hearts were dissected. The masses of the hearts were measured according to the principle of Scherle and the external diameters of the right coronary artery, the left coronary artery, and the ascending part of the Aorta were measured in millimeters (mm), using a Mitutoyo digital caliper. In the statistical analysis, normal distribution of the variables was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, external diameters were compared using the unpaired Student's t-test, and Pearson's correlation was applied to investigate the correlation of the diameters of the left coronary artery and right coronary artery with the Aorta. Significance was set at P <0.05, and the data were analyzed using GraphPad Prism v.5.00 (GraphPad Software, San Diego, CA). Results: The external diameters were as follows: left coronary artery, 5.55±0.16 mm; right coronary artery, 4.38±0.15 mm (P <0.0001); and Aorta, 22.85±0.80 mm. Thus, it was demonstrated that the external diameter of the left coronary artery is 22% larger than that of the right coronary artery, resulting in a greater blood supply via the left coronary artery and a greater passage of atherosclerotic factors. Conclusions: Despite the importance of the coronary arteries for the heart and the body as a whole, few studies correlated morphometric data and possible clinical implications related to coronary artery disease.