bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mobile instant messaging: Whatsapp and its potential to develop oral skills
Authors: Andújar-Vaca Alberto , Cruz-Martínez Maria-Soledad 
Published: November 2016

This study investigates the benefits of Mobile Mediated Communication (MMC) to develop oral skills in second-language learners. A total of 80 Spanish students taking a B1 English course at the University of Almería were studied in this research. According to treatment type, subjects were divided in two groups, experimental and control. A “Whatsapp” group was created where 40 of these students participated in a daily interaction during six months. The samples collected in the application as well as a speaking were used to measure the students’ degree of oral development and the type and triggers of the language related episodes (LRE) given rise to mobile chat-based oral interaction. This study focuses on such interaction and seeks to measure the students’ degree of oral development through a mixed analysis approach. A temporal axis is used to measure the differences between the groups studied. Significant improvements in term of oral proficiency were observed in the experimental group and negotiations were the LRE most common throughout the activity. It is worth mention that Mobile learning offers an environment where learners can ubiquitously negotiate meaning, reflect and evaluate on their own performance through authentic interaction and feedback, constituting a powerful tool for developing second language proficiency.
La presente investigación analiza los beneficios de la comunicación mediante teléfonos móviles para desarrollar las destrezas orales de los estudiantes en la segunda lengua. Un total de 80 estudiantes españoles que realizaban un curso de inglés nivel B1 en la Universidad de Almería participaron en el estudio. De acuerdo con el tipo de tratamiento, los sujetos fueron divididos en dos grupos, experimental y control. Mediante la creación de un grupo de «Whatsapp», 40 de dichos sujetos participaron en una interacción oral diaria durante 6 meses. Las muestras recogidas en la aplicación, así como un examen oral, fueron utilizados para analizar el grado en que los estudiantes desarrollan la destreza oral y los tipos y desencadenantes que dan lugar a episodios relacionados con el lenguaje en los chats orales. Este estudio se centra en la interacción utilizando un análisis mixto y un eje temporal con el fin de medir las diferencias entre los grupos analizados. Los resultados demuestran mejoras significativas en cuanto a la competencia oral en los alumnos del grupo en el que se implementó la actividad, siendo las negociaciones de significado el episodio relacionado con el lenguaje más común durante la interacción. Cabe destacar la accesibilidad que la mensajería móvil confiere a los alumnos, pues son capaces de negociar el significado, reflexionar y evaluar sus propias actuaciones mediante interacción real y feed-back.
The emotional impact of traditional and new media in social events
Authors: Salcudean Minodora , Muresan Raluca 
Published: November 2016

In past times, media were the sole vector to reflect in their entire complexity the events surrounding major world tragedies. Nowadays, social media are an essential component of the media process and classical press channels are connected to the social networking flow, where they can find information and, at the same time, tap into the emotional pulse of society. On 30 October 2015, a Bucharest nightclub was destroyed in a blaze tragedy in which 64 people were killed, most of them young. The present study focuses on how Romanian mainstream media and social media came together and made use of each other, generating post-tragedy side effects. Monitoring was conducted over a period of one month, starting from 30 October 2015, the date of the tragedy, until 30 November. Our investigation method combines content analysis and the interpretation of quantitative data, with reference to parameters such as context, themes, style, genre, and information/opinion rapport. The conclusions of this case study show that the interweaving between media and social media has generated a change of paradigm in mass communication, as a result of which professional journalists continue to play a role as responsible filters.En el pasado, al referirse a tragedias, los medios de comunicación representaban el único vector que reflejaba el acontecimiento en toda su complejidad. Hoy en día, los medios sociales constituyen un componente esencial del proceso mediático, y son los medios clásicos de prensa los que están conectados al flujo de las redes sociales, de las que, no solo recopilan información, sino también el pulso emocional de la sociedad. El 30 de octubre de 2015, en un club de Bucarest, se produjo un incendio que ocasionó 64 muertes, la mayoría jóvenes. Este estudio se centra en cómo el flujo mediático y las redes sociales en Rumanía se fusionaron y se apoyaron mutuamente, generando efectos secundarios tras la tragedia. El período de seguimiento fue de un mes, desde el 30 de octubre, cuando se produjo la tragedia, hasta el 30 de noviembre. El método de investigación combina el análisis de contenido y la interpretación cualitativa de los datos, con referencia a parámetros como el contexto, el tema del artículo, el estilo, el género periodístico o la relación información/opinión. Las conclusiones de este estudio nos muestran que la conexión entre los medios tradicionales y los medios sociales ha ocasionado un cambio en el paradigma de los medios de comunicación, cuyo resultado es que el papel de los periodistas profesionales como filtro de garantía sigue siendo prioritario.
The impact of a total reward system of work engagement
Authors: Hoole Crystal , Hotz Gabi 
Published: November 2016

Orientation: Work engagement is critical for both employees and employers. With the reported downward spiral of engagement levels worldwide, organisations are recognising that in order to address this, attract best talent and keep employees motivated, they need to shift their attention to total reward strategies.Research purpose: The overall purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between total rewards and work engagement in a South African context and to determine which reward categories predict work engagement. The study further endeavoured to determine whether gender and age had a moderating effect on the relationship between total rewards and engagement.Motivation for the study: Statistics report that less than 30% of all working people are optimally engaged in their work. Considering that individuals spend more than a third of their lives at work committing themselves emotionally, physically and psychologically – research indicates that employees are no longer satisfied with traditional reward systems and want to feel valued and appreciated.Research approach, design and method: In this quantitative, cross-sectional research design using a non-probability convenience and purposive sampling strategy, 318 questionnaires were collected and analysed from financial institutions in Gauteng in which opinions were sought on the importance of different types of rewards structures and preferences, and how engaged they are in their workplace. The 17-item UWES and Nienaber total reward preference model were the chosen measuring instruments.Main findings: A small statistically significant correlation (r = 0.25; p < 0.05; small effect) was found between total rewards and work engagement, and 12% of the variance of work engagement was explained. Only performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement.Practical/Managerial implications: Although small, the significant correlation between total rewards and work engagement implies that total rewards are important motivators for employees in the workplace. Of the total rewards scales tested, only performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement, suggesting that more research is needed. Organisations seeking to implement total reward strategies should pay specific attention to which strategies have an impact on work engagement.Contribution/Value-add: Organisations must take cognisance that factors such as performance and career management significantly predicted work engagement and should be considered as part of their total reward offerings.
Image Processing Algorithms for Driver Assistance using Wide Angle Cameras
Authors: Houben Sebastian 
Published: November 2016

Modern vehicles are deployed with a large number of sensors in order to provide a rich spectrum of driver assistance functionality. These systems enhance security and comfort of passengers and other traffic participants alike, but they also pave the road to fully autonomous traffic. In order to provide this functionality robustly and reliably, one currently makes use of numerous specialized sensors: laser, radar, ultrasound, and infrared sensors, as well as different kinds of video cameras. The diversity of sensors comes with high cost and enables complex assistance functions momentarily only for upper-class vehicles. The current research, thus, focuses on the development of better algorithms that make similar systems possible on inexpensive sensors. This thesis examines the aptitude of a new camera system, which has recently grown popular in vehicles of most of the large automobile manufacturers, for all major video-based driver assistance functionality. This so-called Topview system consists of four wide angle cameras with a view angle of up to 200 degrees, usually mounted at the front bumper, the two side mirrors and the trunk lid. By these means, one is able to provide a view surrounding the entire vehicle. However, the single camera images are distorted which substantiates the need for adapted image processing algorithms.
A Confidence Framework for the Assessment of Optical Flow Performance
Authors: Márquez-Valle Patricia , Hernández-Sabaté Aura , Gil Debora 
Published: November 2016

Optical Flow (OF) is the input of a wide range of decision support systems such as car driver assistance, UAV guiding or medical diagnose. In these real situations, the absence of ground truth forces to assess OF quality using quantities computed from either sequences or the computed optical flow itself. These quantities are generally known as Confidence Measures, CM. Even if we have a proper confidence measure we still need a way to evaluate its ability to discard pixels with an OF prone to have a large error. Current approaches only provide a descriptive evaluation of the CM performance but such approaches are not capable to fairly compare different confidence measures and optical flow algorithms. Thus, it is of prime importance to define a framework and a general road map for the evaluation of optical flow performance. This thesis provides a framework able to decide which pairs ”optical flow - confidence measure” (OF-CM)are best suited for optical flow error bounding given a confidence level determined by a decision support system.To design this framework we cover the following points: 1) Descriptive scores. As a first step, we summarize and analyze the sources of inaccuracies in the output of optical flow algorithms. Second, we present several descriptive plots that visually assess CM capabilities for OF error bounding. In addition to the descriptive plots, given a plot representing OF-CM capabilities to bound the error, we provide a numeric score that categorizes the plot according to its decreasing profile, that is, a score assessing CM performance. 2) Statistical framework. We provide a comparison framework that assesses the best suited OF-CM pairfor error bounding that uses a two stage cascade process. First of all we assess the predictive value of the confidence measures by means of a descriptive plot. Then, for a sample of descriptive plots computed over training frames, we obtain a generic curve that will be used for sequences with no ground truth. As a second step, we evaluate the obtained general curve and its capabilities to really reflect the predictive value of a confidence measure using the variability across train frames by means of ANOVA.The presented framework has shown its potential in the application on clinical decision support systems. In particular, we have analyzed the impact of the different image artifacts such as noise and decay to the output of optical flow in a cardiac diagnose system and we have improved the navigation inside the bronchial tree on bronchoscopy.
Os expurgos de 1964 e o discurso anticorrupção na caricatura da grande imprensa
Authors: Motta Rodrigo Patto Sá 
Published: November 2016

Este artigo aborda os discursos visuais e verbais da grande imprensa no contexto do Golpe de 1964, com ênfase no “segundo alvo” dos expurgos empreendidos pelo novo regime, qual seja, a corrupção. O estudo analisa o papel dos periódicos – em especial das caricaturas – na construção de representações que sustentaram a ditadura, notadamente no que se refere ao combate à corrupção. Para abordar adequadamente o objeto, busca-se perceber os interesses políticos e as manipulações discursivas dos atores envolvidos, que muitas vezes foram movidos por razões bem distantes da luta contra a corrupção. Palavras-chave: Caricaturas; Política; Ditadura; Brasil - História - 1964-1985.
As charges antiperonistas de <i>Tribuna da Imprensa (1949-1955)</i>
Authors: Santos Rodolpho Gauthier Cardoso dos 
Published: November 2016

Este artigo analisa as charges sobre o governo Juan Domingo Perón produzidas pela artista alemã Hilde Weber (1913-1994) para o jornal carioca Tribuna da Imprensa, no período de 1949 a 1955. Busca-se identificar como o humor foi utilizado para transmitir determinadas mensagens políticas e as relações delas com a posição político-partidária do periódico, cuja propriedade e direção estavam nas mãos de Carlos Lacerda, político e jornalista filiado à União Democrática Nacional (UDN). Profundamente antiperonista, Tribuna da Imprensa divulgou principalmente representações que destacavam o presidente argentino como déspota, conspirador, tolo e malandro. Nas charges assinadas por Hilde Weber fica implícita a personalização da experiência política justicialista, ao apontar uma única pessoa como principal responsável pela destruição das instituições democráticas. Também é visível que o jornal usava o noticiário negativo sobre o país vizinho como arma para a luta político-partidária em nível nacional. Carlos Lacerda, em especial, atuava como um dos principais opositores a políticos trabalhistas, como Getúlio Vargas e João Goulart, que, na sua visão, poderiam conduzir o Brasil a uma trajetória política semelhante à da Argentina peronista. Palavras-chave: Caricaturas e Desenhos Humorísticos; Peronismo; Imprensa – Argentina; Argentina – Política e Governo; Carlos Lacerda.
Batucadas, enredos e carnavalização. Os passos da Escola de Samba Nenê da Vila Matilde (1954-1967)
Authors: Silva Zelia Lopes 
Published: November 2016

Neste texto, são discutidos aspectos da trajetória da Escola de Samba Nenê da Vila Matilde, de 1954 a 1967, centrando-se nos temas escolhidos para suas performances carnavalescas, com a intenção de detectar as possíveis pulsões críticas presentes nessas escolhas. Nesse sentido, a pesquisa argui se os motes de seus desfiles eram centrados apenas nas vivências do grupo ou se também dialogavam com os demais segmentos sociais. Traçar o seu perfil, nesse período de criação e consolidação das agremiações carnavalescas da comunidade negra, implica situá-la no grupo maior, de igual natureza, cujo percurso tem início em 1937, com o surgimento da “Lavapés”, considerada a primeira escola de samba paulistana. Embora a “Nenê” tenha sido criada em 1949, o marco dessa reflexão tem início em 1954, por suas passeatas expressarem um padrão temático em suas exibições; e estende-se até 1967, ano que antecede a institucionalização pelo poder público dos desfiles carnavalescos na capital paulista, a partir de quando passou a haver investimento de recursos públicos em sua montagem e nas escolas de samba. A pesquisa apoiou-se na imprensa diária, nos memorialistas (autobiografia, fotos e depoimentos dessas lideranças carnavalescas) e na bibliografia pertinente, buscando detectar os traços dessa Escola antes de sua institucionalização.Palavras-chave: Brasil; Escolas de Samba paulistanas; Carnavais Negros; Samba-Enredo; Nenê da Vila Matilde. Palavras-chave: Carnaval; Escolas de samba – São Paulo; Negros; Nenê da Vila Matilde (escola de samba); Samba.
Maria Bueno e suas representações: reflexões teóricas sobre as crenças religiosas no Paraná - século XXI
Authors: Serafim Vanda Fortuna , Piccoli Tonia Kio Fuzihara 
Published: November 2016

O presente artigo objetiva tecer alguns apontamentos teóricos sobre as crenças religiosas no Paraná, a partir do caso de Maria Bueno, uma santa de cemitério de Curitiba, capital do referido estado, cuja morte ocorreu de forma violenta em finais no século XIX, rendendo-lhe distintas formas de representação e atraindo devotos na atualidade. Palavras-chave: BUENO, Maria; Cemitérios - Curitiba (PR); Fé.
Comprender e Interpretar. La recepción de la hermenéutica en la España democrática, por J.M. Gómez-Heras y M. Martín Gómez, coords.
Authors: Ortega Esquembre César 
Published: November 2016

Reseña del llibro Comprender e Interpretar. La recepción de la hermenéutica en la España democrática, coordinado por J.M. Gómez-Heras y M. Martín Gómez.
Relationship between crystal defects and leakage current in β-Ga2O3 Schottky barrier diodes
Authors: Kasu Makoto , Hanada Kenji , Moribayashi Tomoya , Hashiguchi Akihiro , Oshima Takayoshi , Oishi Toshiyuki , Koshi Kimiyoshi , Sasaki Kohei , Kuramata Akito , Ueda Osamu 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We fabricated Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) on the entire surface of a

β-Ga2O3 single crystal, and investigated the leakage current in both forward and reverse directions. Subsequently, we investigated the distribution of dislocation and void etch pits on the entire surface. The dislocation etch pit density on the surface ranged from <1 × 103 to 6 × 104, and its average was 1.1 × 104 cm−2. The void etch pit density on the surface ranged from <5 × 102 to 7 × 103, and its average was 6 × 103 cm−2. From a comparison between the SBD leakage current and the dislocation and void etch pit densities, we found that dislocations are closely related to the SBD reverse leakage current, and that not all voids produce the leakage current.
Chemically synthesized magnetic Co–Fe–Ga alloy nanoparticles
Authors: Imai Takatomo , Shima Mutsuhiro 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Magnetic properties of Co2Fe
x
Ga
y
alloy nanoparticles in the L21 ordered phase produced by chemical synthesis and post annealing have been investigated. Structural analyses of the Co2Fe
x
Ga
y
samples by X-ray diffraction show that both ordered B2 and L21 phases are formed when Ga composition is in the range 0.66 ≤ y ≤ 1.42. With increasing y from 0.58 to 1.4 at x = 1.0, the coercivity increases from 7.1 to 23 mT, while the saturation magnetization decreases from 970 to 410 kA/m. Microstructural analyses using TEM reveal that the alloy particles annealed at 973 K are agglomerated by sintering. When Al(NO3)3 was added during the synthesis, the average particle size significantly decreases from 84 to 12 nm, presumably due to the formation of aluminum oxides, resulting in the decrease in coercivity from 29 to 5.1 mT.
Evaporation estimates using weather station data and boundary layer theory
Authors: Gentine P. , Chhang A. , Rigden A. , Salvucci G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGlobal estimates of evapotranspiration remain a challenge. In this study, we show that the daily course of air temperature and specific humidity available at routine weather stations can be used to estimate evapotranspiration and the evaporative fraction, the ratio of latent heat flux to available energy at the surface. Indeed, the diurnal increase in air temperature reflects the magnitude of the sensible heat flux and the increase of specific humidity after sunrise reflects the amplitude of evapotranspiration. The method is physically constrained and based on the budget of heat and moisture in the boundary layer. Unlike land surface‐based estimates, the proposed boundary layer estimate does not rely on ad hoc surface resistance parameterizations (e.g., Penman‐Monteith). The proposed methodology can be applied to data collected at weather stations to estimate evapotranspiration and evaporative fraction under cloudy conditions and in the pre–remote sensing era.
Low radiation efficiency of the intermediate‐depth earthquakes in the Japan subduction zone
Authors: Ko Justin Yen‐Ting , Kuo Ban‐Yuan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRobust determination of earthquake source parameters over a continuous depth range is central to inferring rupture mechanisms dominant at different depths. We employed a cluster‐event method to constrain the source parameters as well as along‐path attenuation for earthquakes over 0–150 km depths and 4 orders of seismic moments in the Japan subduction zone. We found that corner frequency and stress drop increase with depth, whereas the radiated energy scaled by seismic moment declines with depth slightly. As a result, the radiation efficiency exhibits a notable deficit for events deeper than 60 km. Together these suggest an increased energy dissipation during faulting in ductile deformation regime, consistent with shear heating instability as an important faulting mechanism for intermediate‐depth earthquakes.
Reconciling satellite aerosol optical thickness and surface fine particle mass through aerosol liquid water
Authors: Nguyen Thien Khoi V. , Ghate Virendra P. , Carlton Annmarie G. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSummertime aerosol optical thickness (AOT) over the southeast U.S. is sharply enhanced over wintertime values. This seasonal pattern is unique and of particular interest because temperatures there have not warmed over the past 100 years. Patterns in surface fine particle mass are inconsistent with satellite reported AOT. In this work, we attempt to reconcile the spatial and temporal distribution of AOT over the U.S. with particle mass measurements at the surface by examining trends in aerosol liquid water (ALW), a particle constituent that scatters radiation and affects satellite AOT but is removed in mass measurements at routine surface monitoring sites. We employ the thermodynamic model ISORROPIAv2.1 to estimate ALW mass concentrations at Interagency Monitoring of PROtected Visual Environments sites using measured ion mass concentrations and North American Regional Reanalysis meteorological data. Excellent agreement between Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations AOT and estimated ALW provides a plausible explanation for the discrepancies in the geographical patterns of AOT and aerosol mass measurements.
Climate‐vegetation interaction and amplification of Australian dust variability
Authors: Evans Stuart , Ginoux Paul , Malyshev Sergey , Shevliakova Elena 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObservations show that Australian dust activity varies by a factor of 4 on decadal timescales. General circulation models, however, typically fail to simulate this variability. Here we introduce a new dust parameterization into the NOAA/Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory climate model CM3 that represents land surface processes controlling dust sources including soil water and ice, snow cover, vegetation characteristics, and land type. In an additional novel step, we couple this new dust parameterization to the dynamic vegetation model LM3. In Australia, the new parameterization amplifies the magnitude and timescale of dust variability and better simulates the El Niño–Southern Oscillation‐dust relationship by more than doubling its strength. We attribute these improvements primarily to the slow response time of vegetation to precipitation anomalies and show that vegetation changes account for approximately 50% of enhanced dust emission during El Niño events. The amplified dust leads to radiative forcing over Australia greater than −1 and −20 W/m2 at top of atmosphere and surface, respectively.