bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with palonosetron on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Authors: Xie Jing , Chen Lei-Hua , Ning Zhou-Yu , Zhang Chen-Yue , Chen Hao , Chen Zhen , Meng Zhi-Qiang , Zhu Xiao-Yan 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Background
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting adversely affects the quality of life of patients who receive chemotherapy via intravenous infusion or transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). This study aimed to investigate the clinical effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) on nausea and vomiting after TACE.

Methods
A total of 142 patients who received TACE with cisplatin for primary or metastatic liver cancer were assigned to the active-acupuncture (n = 72) or placebo-acupuncture (n = 70) groups using a covariate-adaptive randomization at a ratio of 1:1. The acupoints Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (P6), and Zusanli (ST36) were stimulated twice daily for 6 days. The effects of TEAS on nausea and vomiting were assessed by using occurrence rate and severity of these symptoms. Anorexia scale and M. D. Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI) scores were secondary endpoints and were used to assess the effect of TEAS on patient appetite and quality of life. The safety of the treatments was also monitored.

Results
Between the two groups, the differences in occurrence rates and severities of nausea and vomiting after TACE were not significant (all P > 0.05). From the second day after TACE, anorexia scores were significantly lower in the active-acupuncture group than in the placebo-acupuncture group and continued to decrease over time with treatment (all P values less than 0.01). On days 0, 1, and 2, the mean MDASI scores for the active-acupuncture group were slightly lower than those for the placebo-acupuncture group, but the differences were not statistically significant (all P > 0.05). No significant differences were found between the two groups in the occurrence rate of any adverse event (P > 0.05).

Conclusion
TEAS appears to be a safe and effective therapy to relieve patients’ gastrointestinal discomfort after chemotherapy.
Trial registration NCT01895010. Registered 21 June 2013
Analysis of the Fgfr2C342Y mouse model shows condensation defects due to misregulation of Sox9 expression in prechondrocytic mesenchyme
Authors: Peskett Emma , Kumar Samin , Baird William , Jaiswal Janhvi , Li Ming , Patel Priyanca , Britto Jonathan A. , Pauws Erwin 
Published: January 2017

Syndromic craniosynostosis caused by mutations in FGFR2 is characterised by developmental pathology in both endochondral and membranous skeletogenesis. Detailed phenotypic characterisation of features in the membranous calvarium, the endochondral cranial base and other structures in the axial and appendicular skeleton has not been performed at embryonic stages. We investigated bone development in the Crouzon mouse model (Fgfr2C342Y) at pre- and post-ossification stages to improve understanding of the underlying pathogenesis.Phenotypic analysis was performed by whole mount skeletal staining (Alcian Blue/Alizarin Red) and histological staining of sections of CD1 wild-type (WT), Fgfr2C342Y/+ heterozygous (HET) and Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y homozygous (HOM) mouse embryos from E12.5-E17.5 stages. Gene expression (Sox9, Shh, Fgf10, and Runx2) was studied by in situ hybridisation and protein expression (COL2A1) by immunohistochemistry.Our analysis has identified severely decreased osteogenesis in parts of the craniofacial skeleton together with increased chondrogenesis in parts of the endochondral and cartilaginous skeleton in HOM embryos. The Sox9 expression domain in tracheal and basi-cranial chondrocytic precursors at E13.5 in HOM embryos is increased and expanded, correlating with the phenotypic observations which suggests FGFR2 signalling regulates Sox9 expression. Combined with abnormal staining of type II collagen in pre-chondrocytic mesenchyme, this is indicative of a mesenchymal condensation defect.An expanded spectrum of phenotypic features observed in the Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y mouse embryo paves the way towards better understanding the clinical attributes of human Crouzon-Pfeiffer syndrome. FGFR2 mutation results in impaired skeletogenesis, however our findings suggest that many phenotypic aberrations stem from a primary failure of pre-chondrogenic/osteogenic mesenchymal condensation and links FGFR2 to SOX9, a principal regulator of skeletogenesis.
Trialling the use of Google Apps together with online marking to enhance collaborative learning and provide effective feedback
Authors: Slee Nicky J. D. , Jacobs Marty H. 
Published: January 2017

This paper describes a new approach to an ecology practical in which 76 Level 4 students were divided into four groups (n = 20 +/-2) to collect data. Each group studied a different habitat and was further divided into seven subgroups (n = 2 or 3) to collect field data. Each of the four groups collaborated through Google Drive on descriptions and images of the habitat site, and also collaborated at the subgroup level on their own habitat data. The four groups then shared habitat descriptions with the aim to provide enough information to enable everyone to understand the entire data set. The three-stage assignment was assessed and feedback issued at group and individual level via the University’s online submission service (FASER), with some additional feedback given via Moodle, the University’s Virtual Learning Environment. Two separate submissions were made to FASER, the first was the group and subgroup work (stage 1), and the second included the peer assessment task (stage 2) and the individual evaluation of the habitats (stage 3). Feedback was given after the second submission had been uploaded to FASER and again when the assessment for the second submission was complete. The group and subgroup data sets were provided to all students via Moodle, so that individuals could carry out their own analysis of all four habitats. The use of Google Drive and Google Apps helped to improve the digital literacy of the staff and students involved. All three stages of the assignment were successful; over 85% of students passed the first two stages, and 82.9% passed stage 3. The collaborative work enabled students to produce high quality descriptive ecology documents valuable for the subsequent stages of the assignment. The peer assessment encouraged students to gain information on expected Undergraduate Minimum Standards, and gave students the opportunity to study multiple habitats. The final stage was open ended and challenged students to make sense of large ecological data sets. There was a positive correlation between levels of success at stages 1 and 3 for students who achieved less than 65% for the independent work, i.e. they benefited from carrying out group work. This collaborative, three-stage approach is recommended especially as it helps lower ability students gain subject knowledge and improve their presentation skills. However, some modifications are recommended: 1) simplifying the sample and data collection, and 2) providing more guidance for the peer assessment task and individual analysis. Learner autonomy enabled self-directed learning to take place and enriched large scale teaching as it encouraged student-student interaction. Significant differences between gender and ability are discussed.
Competence of Educational Specialists in the Field of Education for Sustainable Development
Authors: �������  , Ermakov Dmitriy 
Published: January 2017

Based on the analysis of international and domestic documents, we have shown an importance of the role of educators (teachers, trainers, other
educational specialists) in the education for sustainable development, the need for their adequate training, professional retraining and life-long
professional development. We present the results of the 2011�2015 survey, in which 359 teachers from 10 regions of the Russian Federation participated.
The majority of respondents knows about the necessity of education for sustainable development, and appreciates the need for it. However, only 9.7
% of specialists� estimated the level of their own methodological skills as suffi cient for implementation of education for sustainable development; and
77.4 % would like to improve their skills. We have done a comparative analysis of foreign models of educators� competences in the fi eld of education
for sustainable development and the requirements of national education (general, higher education) and professional standards; we have found the
signifi cant incompleteness of the second compare to the fi rst. Based on international recommendations, we have formulated practical suggestions for
strengthening the capacity of educators in education for sustainable development.
Environmental Monitoring of Water Ecosystems Based on a New Microbiological Method
Authors: Мошарова  , Mosharova I. , Ильинский  , Ilinskiy Vladimir , Корсак  , Korsak M. 
Published: January 2017

One of water ecosystems’ main components is heterotrophic bacterial plankton, carrying out processes of organic substance
destruction that provides water ecosystems self-cleaning. The tasks facing modern environmental monitoring of water
ecosystems demand the account not only the total number and number of separate physiological groups of bacteria, but also
determination of quantity for microorganisms which are actively functioning during this time period. Now it is obvious that
the results of bacterial plankton number and biomass determination received by direct account’s traditional methods don’t
reflect quantity of the microorganisms which are really functioning and participating in biogeochemical cycles. The methods
allowing carry out such researches based on use of special fluorescent dyes which are used as biochemical markers of various
physiological processes proceeding in a bacterial cage. Results for application of a method for accounting of bacterial cages
with active metabolism for marine and fresh-water ecosystems’ environmental monitoring have been presented. This method
has been applied at researches of the microbial population in river, lake, estuarial, shelf marine ecosystems, and also in deepwater
sea hollows for the purpose of actively functioning bacteria’ number determination. Respiratory activity markers use
has shown that only an insignificant share (generally from 0.1 to 30 %, and in some cases — to 90 % of cages in the bacterial
plankton’s total number) possesses the active metabolism and provides processes of organic substance destruction in water
ecosystems. The received results testify to prospects for application of this microbiological method within environmental
monitoring of water ecosystems for accounting of the bacterial plankton possessing active metabolism.
Technical Regulation of Industrial Facilities’ Safety: Hazard Analysis
Authors: Грановский  , Granovskiy E. 
Published: January 2017

The problems of hazard identification in the structure of technological systems’ risk analysis are considered. Various methods
of brainstorming used in the danger analysis are presented. It has been demonstrated that HAZOP investigation is the most
structured brainstorming method for identification of system hazards. Roles, tasks and requirements for expert group’s leader and
participants are considered. It has been demonstrated that experts’ competence needed for the hazard analysis does not meet
the requirements to the competence for qualitative risk assessment. Decisions needed to achieve sufficient system safety must be
taken after a quantitative risk assessment.
Power-Generating Boilers Diagnostics As Factor for Providing of Safe Service Conditions (Technical and Legal Aspects)
Authors: Попова  , Popova Olga , Костенко  , Kostenko M. , Сербиновский  , Serbinovskiy Mikhail 
Published: January 2017

Relevance of development and deployment of automated systems for diagnostics of technical condition of power-generating
boilers as systems providing safe and effective operation for high-risk facilities has been proved. On the example of an
automated system for boilers technical diagnostics, developed by OJSC “The Taganrog Boiler-Making Works “Krasny
Kotel’schik” and OJSC “EMAl’yans”, have been considered the purposes, such systems’ implementation ideology, ways of
their technical enhancement. It has been shown that implementation of automated systems for diagnostics will allow move
to a new safety level related to operation of such high-risk facilities as boilers. Engineering and organizational problems
related to widespread implementation of diagnostic systems for high-risk facilities have been analyzed, both on the side
of systems developers and producers, and on the side of operating entities. Legal problems related to diagnostics systems
implementation have been separately allocated. Ways for solutions of designated problems as base which shall provide a
possibility for enhancement of systems themselves and their priority implementation at energy entities have been offered.
Reporting individual surgeon outcomes does not lead to risk aversion in abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery
Authors: Saratzis A , Thatcher A , Bath MF , Sidloff DA , Bown MJ , Shakespeare J , Sayers RD , Imray C 
Published: January 2017

INTRODUCTION Reporting surgeons’ outcomes has recently been introduced in the UK. This has the potential to result in surgeons becoming risk averse. The aim of this study was to investigate whether reporting outcomes for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery impacts on the number and risk profile (level of fitness) of patients offered elective treatment. METHODS Publically available National Vascular Registry data were used to compare the number of AAAs treated in those centres across the UK that reported outcomes for the periods 2008–2012, 2009–2013 and 2010–2014. Furthermore, the number and characteristics of patients referred for consideration of elective AAA repair at a single tertiary unit were analysed yearly between 2010 and 2014. Clinic, casualty and theatre event codes were searched to obtain all AAAs treated. The results of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) were assessed. RESULTS For the 85 centres that reported outcomes in all three five-year periods, the median number of AAAs treated per unit increased between the periods 2008–2012 and 2010–2014 from 192 to 214 per year (p=0.006). In the single centre cohort study, the proportion of patients offered elective AAA repair increased from 74% in 2009–2010 to 81% in 2013–2014, with a maximum of 84% in 2012–2013. The age, aneurysm size and CPET results (anaerobic threshold levels) for those eventually offered elective treatment did not differ significantly between 2010 and 2014. CONCLUSIONS The results do not support the assumption that reporting individual surgeon outcomes is associated with a risk averse strategy regarding patient selection in aneurysm surgery at present.
The decline of elective operating at major trauma centres
Authors: Memarzadeh A , Taki H , Tissingh EK , Hull P 
Published: January 2017

INTRODUCTION Major trauma is a leading cause of death in those aged under 40 years. In order to improve the care for multiply injured patients, the major trauma network was activated in April 2012 in England. Its goal was to link all district hospitals to major trauma centres (MTCs) and allow for rapid transfer of patients. Anecdotally, this has affected elective orthopaedic operating at MTCs. The aim of this study was to compare the number of lower limb arthroplasty procedures performed before and after the establishment of the trauma network. METHODS Data on hip and knee arthroplasties in England during the two years prior to and the two years following the introduction of the trauma network were obtained from the National Joint Registry. These were broken down by type of unit (MTCs vs non-MTCs). Differences between the number of hip and knee arthroplasties undertaken in the two time periods were analysed. The chi-squared test was used to assess statistical significance. RESULTS The total number of lower limb arthroplasties increased after the activation of the trauma network by 5.5% (from 211,453 to 223,119). When stratifying the data by type of unit, this increasing trend was present for non-MTCs; however, in MTCs, a reduction occurred: the number reduced by 13.6% (from 13,492 to 11,657). This reversal of trend was seen in both hip and knee procedures independently (both p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The introduction of the trauma network has led to a reduction in the total number of lower limb arthroplasty procedures performed in MTCs. Various reasons have been postulated for this but its impact on surgical training and hospital finances must be scrutinised in future research.
Ion Adsorption at Clay-Mineral Surfaces: The Hofmeister Series for Hydrated Smectite Minerals
Authors: Underwood Thomas , Erastova Valentina , Greenwell H. Chris 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMany important properties of clay minerals are defined by the species of charge-balancing cation. Phenomena such as clay swelling and cation exchange depend on the cation species present, and understanding how the cations bind with the mineral surface at a fundamental level is important. In the present study the binding affinities of several different charge-balancing cations with the basal surface of the smectite mineral, montmorillonite, have been calculated using molecular dynamics in conjunction with the well-tempered metadynamics algorithm. The results follow a Hofmeister series of preferred ion adsorption to the smectite basal surfaces of the form:K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Cs+ > Ba2+The results also revealed the energetically favorable position of the ions above the clay basal surfaces. Key features of the free-energy profiles are illustrated by Boltzmann population inversions and analyses of the water structures surrounding the ion and clay surface. The results show that weakly hydrated cations (K+ and Cs+) preferentially form inner-sphere surface complexes (ISSC) above the ditrigonal siloxane cavities of the clay, while the more strongly hydrated cations (Na+) are able to form ISSCs above the basal O atoms of the clay surface. The strongly hydrated cations (Na+, Ca2+, and Ba2+), however, preferentially form outer-sphere surface complexes. The results provide insight into the adsorption mechanisms of several ionic species on montmorillonite and are relevant to many phenomena thought to be affected by cation exchange, such as nuclear waste disposal, herbicide/pesticide-soil interactions, and enhanced oil recovery.
Patient-Specific Circulating Tumor DNA Detection during Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Riva Francesca , Bidard Francois-Clement , Houy Alexandre , Saliou Adrien , Madic Jordan , Rampanou Aurore , Hego Caroline , Milder Maud , Cottu Paul , Sablin Marie-Paule , Vincent-Salomon Anne , Lantz Olivier , Stern Marc-Henri , Proudhon Charlotte , Pierga Jean-Yves 
Published: January 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
In nonmetastatic triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, we investigated whether circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection can reflect the tumor response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NCT) and detect minimal residual disease after surgery.

METHODS
Ten milliliters of plasma were collected at 4 time points: before NCT; after 1 cycle; before surgery; after surgery. Customized droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assays were used to track tumor protein p53 (TP53) mutations previously characterized in tumor tissue by massively parallel sequencing (MPS).

RESULTS
Forty-six patients with nonmetastatic TNBC were enrolled. TP53 mutations were identified in 40 of them. Customized ddPCR probes were validated for 38 patients, with excellent correlation with MPS (r = 0.99), specificity (≥2 droplets/assay), and sensitivity (at least 0.1%). At baseline, ctDNA was detected in 27/36 patients (75%). Its detection was associated with mitotic index (P = 0.003), tumor grade (P = 0.003), and stage (P = 0.03). During treatment, we observed a drop of ctDNA levels in all patients but 1. No patient had detectable ctDNA after surgery. The patient with rising ctDNA levels experienced tumor progression during NCT. Pathological complete response (16/38 patients) was not correlated with ctDNA detection at any time point. ctDNA positivity after 1 cycle of NCT was correlated with shorter disease-free (P &lt; 0.001) and overall (P = 0.006) survival.

CONCLUSIONS
Customized ctDNA detection by ddPCR achieved a 75% detection rate at baseline. During NCT, ctDNA levels decreased quickly and minimal residual disease was not detected after surgery. However, a slow decrease of ctDNA level during NCT was strongly associated with shorter survival.
General Movements pada Bayi dengan Riwayat Hiperbilirubinemia
Authors: Pattinama Patricia A. , Putranti Alifiani Hikmah , Sarosa Gatot Irawan 
Published: January 2017

Latar belakang. Deteksi dini gangguan perkembangan neurologis pada bayi muda sulit dilakukan. Hiperilirubinemia merupakan salah satu penyebab terjadinya gangguan perkembangan pada anak. Pemeriksaan kualitas general movements(GMs) pada usia fidgety(3 bulan) memiliki nilai prediksi terhadap gangguan perkembangan.Tujuan.Menilai pengaruh hiperbilrubinemia terhadap terjadinya abnormal GMs. Metode.Penelitian kohort dilanjutkan dengan nested case controlpada 44 bayi yang lahir di RSUP Dr.Kariadi, Semarang pada September 2009 sampai dengan Februari 2010. Subyek penelitian terdiri dari kelompok I 22 bayi dengan kadar BIS (bilirubin indirek serum) >12 mg/dl dan kelompok II 22 bayi dengan kadar BIS <12 mg/dl, pada kedua kelompok dilakukan pemeriksaan GMs dengan rekaman video menggunakan standarisasi metode Prechtl pada usia 3 bulan. Analisis hasil rekaman dilakukan oleh ahli. Hasil dari kelompok normal dan kelompok abnormal, dilakukan nested case controlGMs abnormal adalah kelompok kasus dan kelompok kontrol GMs normal berdasarkan skala Likert. Abnormal GMs apabila skor d5. Diteliti hubungan hiperbilirubinemia dengan GMs abnormal. Uji statistik dengan chi-square, Receiver operating curve(ROC), dan multivariat regresi logistik.Hasil. Rerata kadar BIS pada kelompok I 15,0±3,43 mg/dL dan rerata kadar BIS pada kelompok II 8,5±1,68 mg/dL. Pada kedua kelompok terdapat neonatus dengan GMs normal dan abnormal. Rerata kadar BIS pada kelompok abnormal GMs (kelompok kasus) 15,6±4,18 mg/dL, sedangkan kelompok kontrol 9,8±2,63 mg/dL dengan p<0,001. Analisis kurva ROC menunjukkan luas area dibawah kurva ROC untuk kadar BIS 0,92. Kadar BIS neonatal dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor GMs abnormal dengancut-off point BIS 12,67 mg/dL. Kesimpulan.Kadar BIS neonatal t12 mg/dL dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor GMs abnormal.
Balanço hídrico e modelagem computacional visando estimar recarga subterrânea
Authors: Melo Davi De Carvalho Diniz , Cabrera Manoel Camilo Moleiro , Wendland Edson 
Published: January 2017

As águas subterrâneas são a principal fonte hídrica em diversos países e regiões na América do Sul e Brasil. Entretanto, os volumes extraídos desses mananciais já ultrapassam a capacidade de reposição, resultando na diminuição dos níveis dos aquíferos. Assim, a garantia de disponibilidade futura depende do correto gerenciamento desses recursos hídricos. Para isso, é necessário conhecer as taxas de recarga e o fluxo subterrâneo que ocorrem nos aquíferos. Neste trabalho, avalia-se a recarga subterrânea para diferentes usos agrícolas com base no balanço hídrico da zona não saturada do solo. A avaliação foi feita, primeiramente, por meio da comparação com estimativas obtidas pelo método da Flutuação da Superfície Livre (WTF - Water Table Fluctuation). Em seguida, as taxas computadas foram usadas como entradas num modelo transiente de fluxo com intuito de verificar sua consistência por meio da comparação com dados de níveis medidos em campo. Os resultados indicam que o método aplicado apresentou desempenho satisfatório e, apesar de limitações inerentes, evidenciam a vantagem de sua utilização em relação a outras técnicas por requerer dados de maior facilidade de obtenção.