bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proximity Labeling of Interacting Proteins: Application of BioID as a Discovery Tool
Authors: Li Peipei , Li Jingjing , Wang Li , Di Li‐Jun 
Published: March 2017

AbstractProteins perform biochemical functions by forming complexes, or protein–protein interactions (PPIs). Many different approaches such as phage display, yeast hybridization, etc. were developed to illustrate the PPIs, and disclose the composition and organization of protein complexes. However, none of these approaches are based on the real‐time and in vivo PPI analysis. Proximity‐dependent labeling (PDL) of interacting proteins has recently been proposed by taking advantage of several enzymes, which are capable of attaching the known reactive groups to the nearby proteins covalently. Among the PDL methods, BioID is the earliest and the most widely used one and has been upgraded from its prototype, making it an extremely convenient research tool. In this review, we describe the BioID technology development, its potential applications according to the nature of the target protein, and some recent efforts to circumvent the technical limitations. Moreover, some comparable PDL methods are introduced, including selective proteomic proximity labeling assay using tyramide, enzyme‐mediated activation of radical sources, Proximity Labeling with Ascorbate Peroxidase, in vivo proximal labeling, etc., and we propose that systematic comparison of the working radius of these methods may be helpful to develop a tool box, from which the right method can be selected for a given target protein for PPI research.
Synthesis and characterization of arylenevinylenearylene–naphthalene diimide copolymers as acceptor in all–polymer solar cells
Authors: Xue Lingwei , Yang Yankang , Bin Haijun , Zhang Zhi‐Guo , Zhang Jing , Yang YunXu , Li Yongfang 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTTwo n‐type conjugated D‐A copolymers, P(TVT‐NDI) and P(FVF‐NDI) with thienylene‐vinylene‐thienylene (TVT) or furanylene‐vinylene‐furanylene (FVF) as donor (D) units and naphthalene diimide (NDI) as the acceptor (A) units, were synthesized by the Stille coupling copolymerization. The two polymers possess good solubility, high thermal stability, and broad absorption bands with absorption edges at 866 nm for P(TVT‐NDI) and 886 nm for P(FVF‐NDI). The LUMO energy levels of P(TVT‐NDI) and P(FVF‐NDI) are −3.80 eV and −3.76 eV respectively, so the two polymers are suitable for the application as acceptor in blending with most polymer donor in PSCs based on the energy level matching point of view. All polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs) were fabricated with P(TVT‐NDI) or P(FVF‐NDI) as acceptor and medium bandgap polymer J51 as donor for investigating the photovoltaic performance of the two n‐type conjugated polymer acceptors. And higher power conversion efficiency of 6.43% for P(TVT‐NDI) and 5.21% for P(FVF‐NDI) was obtained. The results indicate that arylenevinylenearylene–naphthalene diimide copolymer are promising polymer acceptor for all–PSCs. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 1757–1764
Preloss grief in family caregivers during end‐of‐life cancer care: A nationwide population‐based cohort study
Authors: Nielsen Mette Kjaergaard , Neergaard Mette Asbjoern , Jensen Anders Bonde , Vedsted Peter , Bro Flemming , Guldin Mai‐Britt 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveSevere grief symptoms in family caregivers during end‐of‐life cancer trajectories are associated with complicated grief and depression after the loss. Nevertheless, severe grief symptoms during end‐of‐life caregiving in caregivers to cancer patients have been scarcely studied. We aimed to explore associations between severe preloss grief symptoms in caregivers and modifiable factors such as depressive symptoms, caregiver burden, preparedness for death, and end‐of‐life communication.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based prospective study of caregivers to 9512 patients registered with drug reimbursement due to terminal illness, and 3635 caregivers responded. Of these, 2865 caregivers to cancer patients completed a preloss grief scale (Prolonged Grief 13, preloss version). Associations with factors measured during end‐of‐life caregiving were analyzed using logistic regression.ResultsSevere preloss grief symptoms were reported by 432 caregivers (15.2%). These symptoms were associated with depressive symptoms (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 12.4; 95% CI, 9.5‐16.3), high caregiver burden (adjusted OR = 8.3; 95% CI, 6.3‐11.1), low preparedness for death (adjusted OR = 3.3; 95% CI, 2.5‐4.4), low level of communication about dying (adjusted OR = 3.2; 95% CI, 2.2‐4.4), and “too much” prognostic information (adjusted OR = 2.8; 95%, 1.7‐4.6).ConclusionsSevere preloss grief symptoms were significantly associated with distress, low preparedness, and little communication during caregiving. Thus, severe preloss grief symptoms may be a key indicator for complications in caregivers of cancer patients in an end‐of‐life trajectory. Targeted interventions are needed to support family caregivers with severe preloss grief symptoms. Development of preloss grief assessment tools and interventions should be a priority target in future research.
Asymptotic stability in probability of singular stochastic systems with Markovian switchings
Authors: Ding Yucai , Zhong Shouming , Long Shaohua 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper investigates the problem of asymptotic stability in probability for singular stochastic systems with Markovian switchings. A stochastic Lyapunov theorem on asymptotic stability in probability for the considered systems is provided. Also, we show that the original system has the same stability property as its difference‐algebraic form based on singular value decomposition. By utilizing the earlier results, a sufficient condition is obtained in terms of linear matrix inequalities, which is easy to check by using standard software. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Consensus analysis for leader‐following multi‐agent systems with second‐order individual dynamics and arbitrary sampling
Authors: Dai Ming‐Zhe , Xiao Feng , Wei Bo 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThis paper performs a consensus analysis of leader‐following multi‐agent systems with multiple double integrators in the framework of sampled‐data control. Both single‐leader and multiple‐leader scenarios are considered under the assumption of networks with detectable position‐like state information. The coordination tasks are accomplished by a given protocol with the robustness against the change of sampling periods. The sampling periods can be chosen to be of an arbitrary fixed length or large time‐varying length. Under the proposed protocol, we achieve two objectives: (i) in the single leader‐subgroup case, all followers reach an agreement with leaders on states asymptotically and (ii) in the multiple leader‐subgroup case, each follower converges to some convex combination of the final states of all leaders. It is shown that the final state configuration of the convex combination is uniquely determined by the underlying interaction topology, which can be any weakly connected graph. Compared with the existing results on leader‐following networks, the consensus problem and the containment problem are solved in a unified framework with large sampling periods. Some numerical experiments are conducted to illustrate the dynamic behavior of all agents with this protocol. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Disentangling the signal of climatic fluctuations from land use: changes in ecosystem functioning in South American protected areas (1982‐2012)
Authors: Dieguez Hernán , Paruelo José M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGlobal environmental change is characterized by changing climate, atmospheric composition and land use. Its impact on ecosystem structure and functioning has been detected throughout the world. While every ecosystem is vulnerable to climate change, the degree of the impact and the magnitude of the ecosystem response are likely to vary. Protected areas of South America provide a ‘laboratory’ to test expectations of climate change effects on ecosystems at a regional scale. By using protected areas we minimized the effects of land use/land cover changes over ecosystem functioning. We analyzed the temporal trends, that is, directional changes, and spatial heterogeneity of both climatic variables and attributes of the seasonal dynamics of the normalized difference vegetation index, that is, a surrogate of vegetation carbon gains derived from satellite information, on 201 protected areas of South America. Increased productivity and higher seasonality, frequently climate driven, is the most common signal across South American biomes but concentrated on those areas located in the tropics and subtropics. In general, arid and semiarid sites responded positively to increases in precipitation and negatively to increases in temperature, while humid ecosystems responded in the opposite way. Our results provide a preliminary basis for predicting which ecosystems will respond more rapidly and strongly to climate change. We also provide support to the fact that protected areas are not static systems as their functioning is changing with different magnitude and in contrasting directions.
Recent Developments in Total Syntheses of Cephalosporolides, Penisporolides, and Ascospiroketals
Authors: Yao Hongliang , Wang Jian , Tong Rongbiao 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe possible biogenetic connection of the 10‐membered lactone (decanolide) and the tricyclic [5,5]‐spiroacetal‐cis‐fused‐γ‐lactone (SAFL) natural products was proposed by Hanson in 1985. Mimicking such biosynthetic hypothesis led us to develop a general synthetic strategy for the total syntheses of both decanolide‐type cephalosporolides and SAFL‐type natural products. This biomimetic strategy features two key transformations: i) oxidative ring expansion of bicyclic β‐hydroxy tetrahydropyrans to the decanolides and ii) ring contraction rearrangement of the decanolides to the tricyclic SAFLs. In particular, the phenol derivatives are exploited as the starting materials for the decanolides and then the SAFLs. The successful biomimetic total synthesis allows us to revise the structures and biosynthetic hypothesis of several natural products, along with development of an NMR analysis method for determination of the relative stereochemistry of SAFL‐type compounds. In addition, this account will summarize recent synthetic work by other research groups.
Fun While Showing, Not Telling: Crafting Vivid Detail in Writing
Authors: Del Nero Jennifer Renner 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis teaching tip highlights three writing minilessons that help students construct vivid sensory detail (textual detail related to the five senses) in their fiction and creative nonfiction writing. Learning to show, not tell, is a difficult task for novice writers. The author explores reasons why this is the case and provides directions for the implementation of three student‐centered writing minilessons. Lesson topics covered are analyzing song lyrics containing vivid detail, using a graphic organizer to help authors zero in on key moments, and a kinesthetic activity designed to help students devise similes and metaphors. These lessons are appropriate for middle and upper elementary students.
What Is the Use of an Ethical Theory of Citizenship?
Authors: Thunder David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this essay, I frame the general activity of theorizing citizenship against the fact that we humans are reflexive beings: beings who interrogate the meaning of our own activities and lives. I suggest that inquiry into the ethical value of citizenship is proper to the sorts of beings we are, and meets a deep need to render our commitments and actions both intelligible and justifiable to ourselves and others. A theory of citizenship that acknowledges this philosophical impulse, illuminates the basic questions behind it, and uncovers even in a preliminary way the values and purposes served by civic identity and engagement can act as a stimulus to further reflection, and serve to give some basic orientation to moral conduct. On the other hand, an ethical theory of citizenship cannot by-pass the need for practical wisdom nor dispense with the task of moral formation. It can only illuminate and inspire people who have learnt from their participation in communities in which norms of civility andconvivencia(“living-together”) are taught through example and patient instruction.
Synergistic Effect of Biosurfactant and Nanoparticle Mixture on Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Amani Hossein 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRecently, nanoparticles have become an attractive agent for enhanced oil recovery (EOR). Because much of the work on nanoparticles for enhanced oil recovery is still at the laboratory stage and to gain a better understanding of this technique, it is essential to study the effect of nanoparticles on EOR. In addition, the world is now more environmentally aware, presenting the opportunity to use biosurfactants for EOR. In this paper, the synergistic effect of biosurfactant and nanoparticles on the removal of oil in a glass micromodel was evaluated. In this study, an aqueous solution of emulsan biosurfactant with addition of SiO2 nanoparticles was used as a nanofluid. The emulsan biosurfactant was produced by Acinetobacter calcoaceticus PTCC1318. The production of emulsan was confirmed by FTIR and 1H NMR analysis. According to our results, the use of the mixture of biosurfactant and nanoparticle (nanofluid) permitted a 90% reduction of interfacial tension in comparison with biosurfactant solution alone. Micromodel oil displacement experiments with kerosene showed around 10 and 20% recovery of residual oil after water flooding when the emulsan and nanofluid were injected, respectively. These results are useful in extending the application of nanostructures in ex situ microbial enhanced oil recovery.
Reinforcement problems in the calculus of variations
Authors: Acerbi Emilio , Buttazzo Giuseppe 
Published: March 2017

We study the torsion of an elastic bar surrounded by an increasingly thin layer made of increasingly hard material. In the model problem the ellipticity constant tends to zero in the outer layer; the equations considered may be fully nonlinear.
Depending on the link between thickness and hardness we obtain three different expressions of the limit problem.

Résumé
On étudie la torsion d’une barre élastique enveloppée d’une couche très mince d’un matériau très dur. Dans le problème modèle la constante d’ellipticité de la couche extérieure est très petite; les équations considérées peuvent être complètement non-linéaires.
En modifiant la relation entre l’épaisseur et la rigidité, on obtient trois différents problèmes-limites.
The generalized Dirichlet problem for equations of Monge-Ampère type
Authors: Urbas John I.E. 
Published: March 2017

We consider a generalization of the Dirichlet problem for equations of Monge–Ampère type under weaker hypotheses than are generally necessary for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem in the classical sense. We prove that there exists a unique smooth convex function which satisfies the equation in the classical sense and the boundary condition in a certain generalized sense.

Résumé
On considère une généralisation du problème de Dirichlet pour les équations du type Monge–Ampère sous des hypothèses plus faibles que celles qui sont en général nécessaires pour assurer l’existence au sens classique du problème de Dirichlet. On démontre qu’il existe une fonction convexe régulière unique qui satisfait l’équation au sens classique et qui vérifie la condition à la frontière en un sens généralisé.
An existence result for nonlinear elliptic problems involving critical Sobolev exponent
Authors: Capozzi A. , Fortunato D. , Palmieri G. 
Published: March 2017

In this paper we consider the following problem:

\tag{1}
\begin{cases}
−\mathrm{\Delta }u−\mathrm{\lambda }u = \left|u\right|^{2^*−2} \cdot u &2^* = 2n/ (n−2)\\
u = 0\:&\mathrm{on}\:\mathrm{∂}\mathrm{\Omega}
\end{cases}

where

Ω ⊂ \mathrm R^n

is a bounded domain and

λ\in \mathrm R

.

We prove the existence of a nontrivial solution of (1) for any

λ> 0

, if

n ⩾ 4

.

Résumé

Soient

Ω

un sous-ensemble ouvert borné de

\mathrm R^n

et

λ

un nombre positif, le but de cette note c’est de montrer que le problème suivant :

\tag{1}
\begin{cases}
−\mathrm{\Delta }u−\mathrm{\lambda }u = \left|u\right|^{2^*−2} \cdot u &2^* = 2n/ (n−2)\\
u = 0\:&\mathrm{on}\:\mathrm{∂}\mathrm{\Omega}
\end{cases}

admet, au moins, une solution non triviale, si

n ⩾ 4

.
Pregabalin-induced sexual disinhibition
Authors: Murphy R. , McGuinness D. , Hallahan B. 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionSexual side effects have rarely been reported secondary to treatment with Pregabalin, a structural analogue of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma amino butyric acid (GABA).MethodWe present the case of AB, a 27-year-old single man with a diagnosis of recurrent depressive disorder who was prescribed pregabalin to alleviate the significant anxiety symptoms he was experiencing.ResultsA significant amelioration in anxiety symptoms was attained; however, he developed the adverse effects of acute sexual disinhibition and increased libido. These adverse effects were temporally related to treatment with pregabalin and reduced with dose reduction of this agent.ConclusionsTo date, limited published data are available relating such a reaction to pregabalin. A greater clinical recognition of this association between pregabalin and sexual disinhibition, would allow clinicians to intervene at an earlier stage of this adverse effect and potentially as in this case, management may only require dose reduction rather than treatment discontinuation.
Dynamics of robust structures in turbulent swirling reacting flows
Authors: Roy S. , Yi T. , Jiang N. , Gunaratne G. H. , Chterev I. , Emerson B. , Lieuwen T. , Caswell A. W. , Gord J. R. 
Published: March 2017

High-speed synchronized stereo particle-imaging velocimetry and OH planar laser-induced fluorescence (PIV/OH-PLIF) measurements are performed on multiple $R{-}\unicode[STIX]{x1D703}$ planes downstream of a high-Reynolds-number swirling jet. Dynamic-mode decomposition (DMD) – a frequency-resolved data-reduction technique – is used to identify and characterize recurrent flow structures. Illustrative results are presented in a swirling flow field for two cases – the nominal flow dynamics and where self-excited combustion driven oscillations provide strong axisymmetric narrowband forcing of the flow. The robust constituent of the nominal reacting swirl flow corresponds to a helical shear-layer disturbance at a Strouhal number ($St$) of ${\sim}0.30$, $St=fD/U_{0}$, where $f$, $D$ and $U_{0}$ denote the precessing vortex core (PVC) frequency (${\sim}800~\text{Hz}$), the swirler exit diameter (19 mm) and the bulk velocity at the swirler exit ($50~\text{m}~\text{s}^{-1}$) respectively. Planar projections of the PVC reveal a pair of oscillating skew-symmetric regions of velocity, vorticity and OH-PLIF intensity that rotate in the same direction as the mean tangential flow. During combustion instabilities, the large-amplitude acoustics-induced axisymmetric forcing of the flow results in a fundamentally different flow response dominated by a nearly axisymmetric disturbance and almost complete suppression of the large-scale helical shear-layer disturbances dominating the nominal flow. In addition, reverse axial flows around the centreline are significantly reduced. Time traces of the robust constituent show reverse axial flows around the centreline and negative axial vorticity along the inner swirling shear layer when the planar velocity is in the same direction as the mean tangential flow. For both stable and unstable combustion, recurrent flow structures decay rapidly downstream of the air swirler, as revealed by the decreasing amplitude of the velocity, axial vorticity and OH-PLIF intensity.
On the energetics of a two-layer baroclinic flow
Authors: Jougla Thibault , Dritschel David G. 
Published: March 2017

The formation, evolution and co-existence of jets and vortices in turbulent planetary atmospheres is examined using a two-layer quasi-geostrophic $\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}$-channel shallow-water model. The study in particular focuses on the vertical structure of jets. Following Panetta & Held (J. Atmos. Sci., vol. 45 (22), 1988, pp. 3354–3365), a vertical shear arising from latitudinal heating variations is imposed on the flow and maintained by thermal damping. Idealised convection between the upper and lower layers is implemented by adding cyclonic/anti-cyclonic pairs, called hetons, to the flow, though the qualitative flow evolution is evidently not sensitive to this or other small-scale stochastic forcing. A very wide range of simulations have been conducted. A characteristic simulation which exhibits alternation between two different phases, quiescent and turbulent, is examined in detail. We study the energy transfers between different components and modes, and find the classical picture of barotropic/baroclinic energy transfers to be too simplistic. We also discuss the dependence on thermal damping and on the imposed vertical shear. Both have a strong influence on the flow evolution. Thermal damping is a major factor affecting the stability of the flow while vertical shear controls the number of jets in the domain, qualitatively through the Rhines scale $L_{Rh}=\sqrt{U/\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FD}}$.
Spectral measurements of surface hoar crystals
Authors: HORTON SIMON , JAMIESON BRUCE 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTSurface hoar crystals are common on the surface of mountain snow covers. Once buried, layers of large plate-shaped surface hoar crystals are prone to releasing dangerous snow-slab avalanches. Since snow microstructure influences the optical properties of snow, remote sensors could potentially detect the formation of surface hoar and other snow types associated with avalanche release. The spectral reflectance of 377 snow samples was measured with a field spectrometer between 750 and 2500 nm, including 161 samples of surface hoar. Morphological snow shapes associated with critical avalanche layers (surface hoar, near-surface faceted particles and depth hoar) had lower average reflectance factors than non-critical snow shapes at infrared wavelengths. Needle-shaped surface hoar was more reflective than plate-shaped surface hoar, but there were no significant differences between different sizes of surface hoar. Normalized difference indices calculated with reflectance from two wavelength bands is presented as a potential method to classify critical snow surfaces remotely, although melt-freeze crusts near the surface complicated the classification. Accordingly, further studying on the effect of melt-freeze crusts and quantification of the bidirectional reflective properties of critical snow types is needed.