bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the influence of the complex structure of clay hollow bricks on the values of electric field intensity by using the FDTD method
Authors: Choroszucho Agnieszka 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The study presents the analysis of the effects occurring at the propagation of electromagnetic waves within an area containing non-ideal, non-homogenous and absorbing dielectric. The analysed models are connected with housing constructions and include single and double-layered walls made of clay hollow bricks. The influence of the size of holes, the contained clay mass percentage and conductivity of brick on the distribution of electric field is presented. Double-layered wall causes more heterogeneity in distribution of electric field and numerous maxima and minima to compare with singlelayered construction. The presented results refer to the electromagnetic field generated by a wireless communication system (Wi-Fi), operating within the standard frequencies (2.4 GHz and 5 GHz). A FDTD method was used to the analysis of electric field distribution. Also in this paper all formulations of difference method (FDTD) is presented. The possibilities of modifying the described method are indicated too. The obtained values of electric field intensity allow to determining the attenuation coefficient for different variants of the walls. Detailed analysis of influence of different types of building construction will make it possible to better understand the wave phenomena and counteract local fading at planning of wireless networks systems.
Kriging based robust optimisation algorithm for minimax problems in electromagnetics
Authors: Li Yinjiang , Rotaru Mihai , Sykulski Jan K. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The paper discusses some of the recent advances in kriging based worst-case design optimisation and proposes a new two-stage approach to solve practical problems. The efficiency of the infill points allocation is improved significantly by adding an extra layer of optimisation enhanced by a validation process.
Market orientation of the Hungarian SMEs working in the meat processing and dairy industries
Authors: Polereczki Zs. , Vukoszávlyev Sz. , Véha M. , Szakály Z. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We are looking for the answer as to what tendencies were indicative of the future development of required marketing activity of the SMEs in the article dealing with the marketing activity of the SMEs working in the food industry. The article is based on a nationwide survey among 200 SMEs working in the food processing industry. In this article, we focus on the SMEs working in the dairy and meat processing industries. The results of the nationwide research and some domestic references refer to that there is a latent demand of effective marketing activity among small and medium-sized enterprises. It manifests itself in specifying marketing-related fields to be improved in the future. The marketing itself is believed not to be an important field at the same time. This apparent opposition is the small enterprise marketing paradox in the background of which is the lack of knowledge about the marketing instruments. It can be stated that these small businesses collect mainly general market information and have no information about particular products. Therefore, the presence of marketing planning is really rare and where there is some kind of planning it is not connected to available funds and follow-up control. The marketing strategy can be characterized by products processed mainly at low or medium level. Therefore, market position is deffned by “lower price-good quality”. They mainly use the traditional distribution channels and their communication is accidental and has a low level.
The marketing-oriented way of thinking still exists among the factors affecting entrepreneurial behaviour, which cannot be found at the level of clusters, according to our results. We could identify 8.3% of the enterprises as having satisfactory marketing activity.
Investigation of wheat grits during storage
Authors: Horváth Zs. H. , Szabé B. P. , Véha A. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The change of the quality of wheat milling products was investigated in our work. We analysed different types of wheat grists that are used in household (BL-55, BL-196, BFF-55 and AD). The grists were stored in three type of packages (paper bag, transparent PE bag, and woven PP bag) and in two different places (bright/warm and dark/cool place) for 6 months. The titre and colour characteristics of samples were measured monthly. Colour measurements were performed with a Hunter MiniScan colour-measuring instrument. The CIELab colour system was used for colour characterization. The values of titre were analysed using ANOVA. The type of package did not have significant influence on the titre. In the case of the BL-55, BL-196, and BFF-55 type of ours, the storage conditions had a significant effect on titre: it was smaller for samples that were stored in the dark/cool place. The value of titre rose significantly during storage for all samples.
To determine the change of colour, we calculated the ΔE*ab colour differences between colour coordinates measured at the beginning and during storage. The colour of the BL-55 and BL-196 our samples did not change perceptibly. The variation of colour of the BFF-55 and AD type of ours was imperceptible for samples stored in the dark/cool place. The changing of the colour was well perceptible in the case of samples stored in the bright/warm place using paper bag or PP bag.
The effect of storage on the colour of paprika powders with added oleoresin
Authors: Horváth Zs. H. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The use of natural food colours is preferred to that of arti­ficial dyestuffs for modern alimentary purposes. Paprika is a spice plant grown and consumed in considerable quantities worldwide and also used as a natural food colour, so the colouring power of powders is very important. The colour of paprika powder is highly relevant too because the consumer concludes its colouring power based on its colour. The colouring power of paprika powders is directly determined by the quality and quantity of the colouring agent of paprika. The paprika oleoresin, that is an oil soluble extract from the fruits of Capsicum Annum Linn or Capsicum Frutescens, is suitable to raise the colour agent content of paprika powders. We investigated how the colour and the characteristics of paprika powder samples with added oleoresin change in the course of storage. The colour agent content of 7 different quality powders was increased with 7-75% using oleoresin. The initial colour agent content of samples changed between 41 and 169 ASTA units. The powders were made from Chinese, Peruvian, and Hungarian paprika. Colour measurements were performed with a HunterLab MiniScan colour-measuring instrument. The CIELab colour system was used for colour characterization. The colour agent content and the colour coordinates of samples were measured throughout 9 months. The decrease of colour agent con­tent varied between 22 and 51 percent, while the average reduction was 33 percent. The quantity of added oleoresin did not influence the colour agent content decrease significantly.
The values of colour difference changed between 2 and 4.5 units. The initial paprika powder influenced the variation significantly, but the quantity of added oleoresin did not have a significant effect.
Impact of DDGS-supplemented diet with or without vitamin E and selenium supplementation on the fatty acid profile of beef
Authors: Holló I. , Csapó J. , Holló G. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The impact of supplementation of vitamin E or organic selenium in DDGS (dried distillers grains with solubles) diet on fatty acid composition in two meat cuts of finishing Holstein bulls was investigated. Twenty-four Holstein bulls were allotted to treatments in three groups of eight bulls per group for a 100-day trial. The treatments were adequate Se and vitamin E supplementation in control group (C), supranutritional vitamin E supplementation in vitamin Group E (E), supranutritional Se supplementation in selenium group (Se). At similar age, slaughtering Group C had higher slaughter/carcass weight and EUROP fat score than Se counterparts. The killing out percentage and proximate composition of muscles differed among treatments. Inclusion of the vitamin E or Se supplement led to expected increases (P < 0.05) in vitamin E and Se contents of the brisket and loin. Higher vitamin E concentration caused significant lower SFA and greater PUFA. Higher Se level influenced significant SFA in brisket and PUFA in both muscles. Vitamin E or Se dietary treatments in DDGS-supplemented diet resulted in beef meat cuts considerably beneficial PUFA/SFA but markedly higher n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio and even higher health index in both meat samples opposite to Group C.
Transabdominal amnioinfusion in the correction of oligohydramnios following twin-to-singleton reduction – A report of two cases
Authors: Kozinszky Zoltan , Pásztor Norbert , Márton Virág , Sikovanyecz János , Keresztúri Attila , Németh Gábor 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
On rare occasions, elective iatrogenic reduction of a dichorionic twin is performed due to maternal request and in order to improve the perinatal outcome.

Materials and methods:
Nine twin-to-singleton reductions were identified retrospectively at the Feto-maternal Unit, University of Szeged, Hungary, between December 1997 and June 2015. A post-procedure, routine weekly sonographic scan revealed severe oligohydramnios in two out of the nine cases (22.2%) and amnioinfusion was performed in the mid-trimester to prolong gestation. The fetus survived in one case (11.1%) and the pregnancy continued until preterm birth.

Conclusion:
A repeated sonographic follow-up for an early diagnosis of oligohydramnios is feasible to avoid miscarriage after artificial embryo reduction.
Preliminary Results in Anatomic All-inside Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Russu Octav , Bățagă Tiberiu , Feier Andrei-Marian , Prejbeanu Radu , Fleaca Radu , Roman Mihai , Gergely István 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Introduction: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is one of the most common lesions in knee traumatology; therefore the number of ACL reconstructions is increasing worldwide. Usually, an anteromedial (AM) accessory portal is required in anatomical positioning of the femoral tunnel, which is not absolutely necessary in this technique. Aim: Assessment of all-inside ACL reconstruction preliminary clinical results with adjustable loops and buttons on both femoral and tibial surfaces. Method: Our prospective study included 28 subjects (19 male, 9 female) with chronic ACL ruptures. The mean age of the study population was 27.72 ± 8.23 years. In all cases ACL reconstruction was carried out with the use of quadrupled semitendinosus auto-grafts with adjustable loops and buttons on the femoral and tibial surfaces and anatomic placement of both tunnels, using an outside-in technique, with flipcutters (Arthrex®). Clinical and radiological evaluations were carried out before surgery and at 3 and 6 months postoperatively, with the Lysholm scoring system, the Tegner activity scale and anterior-posterior and latero-lateral X-rays. Anterior knee laxity was measured in 25° of flexion using a portable arthrometer (RolimeterTM, Aircast®) and maximum manual force. Results: During the final follow-up, the Lysholm score was good and excellent in 27 cases, with a mean Lysholm score of 95.55 ± 4.63; all results were classified as good. The mean preoperative Tegner activity score was 3.46 ± 1.71 (range: 1-7), and the post-operative mean score was 5.75 ± 2.24 (range: 2-10). We found no graft ruptures. Preoperative knee laxity measurements showed a mean displacement of 11.5 ± 3.1 mm and side-to-side differences of 5.6 ± 3.5 mm, while the postoperative measurements at the last follow-up were 6.3 ± 1.54 mm and 2.65 ± 1.86 mm, respectively. Conclusion: Short-term clinical outcomes of all-inside ACL restoration with anatomic placement femoral and tibial tunnels seem to recommend this surgical option, with good subjective and objective results. Additional research will have to prove the long-term success.
The influence of seasonality and weather changes on premature birth incidence
Authors: Muresan Daniel , Staicu Adelina , Zaharie Gabriela , Marginean Claudiu , Rotar Ioana Cristina 
Published: November 2016

Background. Although the effects of meteorological factors on the general population health are widely documented, little is known about their influence upon human pregnancy and birth. The present study aim to analyze the influence of the atmospheric conditions upon premature births.Method. One hundred and eight nine cases of premature births were included in the study with a gestational age between 24 to 37 weeks of amenorrhea. Cases with antepartum fetal death and those with uncertain gestational age have been excluded. Daily weather data were obtained using http://www.wunderground.com site.A Pearson's product-moment correlation was run to assess the relationship between weekly preterm birth incidence and the total number of premature births and the mean maximum and minimum temperature (Tmax, Tmin), maximum and minimum average humidity (Umax, Umin), maximum and minimum atmospheric pressure mean (P max, P min), average wind speed and average quantity precipitations, calculated for one calendar week.Results. Approximately 7.7% of all births during the study period occurred before 37 weeks of gestation, the main reason for hospitalization being premature rupture of membranes (45%). The analysis revealed a moderate positive correlation between weekly preterm birth incidence and the average temperature ( r = 0.306, n = 52, p = 0.027) and a moderate positive correlation between weekly preterm birth incidence and temperature variation (r = 0.307, n = 52, p =0.007). Our study found no significant statistic correlation between the humidity variation, pressure variation, and wind speed.Conclusions. The incidence of premature births can be influenced by variations of specific weather factors, especially during the weeks characterized by large fluctuations in temperature. The results obtained might inspire the construction of multicenter studies to investigate thorough the adverse effects of some meteorological factors that can influence the outcomes of human pregnancy.
Reliability and Validity of a Two-Question Alcohol Screen in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Authors: Spirito Anthony , Bromberg Julie R. , Casper T. Charles , Chun Thomas H. , Mello Michael J. , Dean J. Michael , Linakis James G. ,   for the Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
A multisite study was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2-question alcohol screen within pediatric emergency departments (PEDs).

METHODS:
Participants (N = 4838) included 12- to 17-year-old subjects treated in 1 of the 16 participating PEDs across the United States. A criterion assessment battery (including the NIAAA 2-question alcohol screen and other measures of alcohol, drug use, and risk behaviors) was self-administered on a tablet computer. A subsample (n = 186) was re-administered the NIAAA 2-question screen 1 week later to assess test-retest reliability.

RESULTS:
Moderate to good test-retest reliability was demonstrated. A classification of moderate risk or higher on the screen had the best combined sensitivity and specificity for determining a diagnosis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) for all students. Any past year drinking among middle school students increased the odds of a diagnosis of an AUD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria, whereas the optimal cutoff for high school ages was ≥3 drinking days in the past year. The optimal cutoff for drinking days determining a positive Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score among middle school subjects was ≥1 drinking day, whereas the optimal cutoff for high school subjects was ≥2 drinking days.

CONCLUSIONS:
The NIAAA 2-question screen is a brief, valid approach for alcohol screening in PEDs. A positive screen suggests that referral for further evaluation is indicated to determine if an adolescent has an AUD.
Qualitative and quantitative determination of main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. using thin-layer chromatographic-densitometric method
Authors: Bogucka-Kocka Anna , Zalewski Daniel 
Published: November 2016

We present a new simple thin-layer chromatographic method designed for determination of the main alkaloids of Chelidonium majus L. In this study, we used roots and herb of the plant collected in spring and autumn. The alkaloid fractions were prepared according to modified pharmacopeial procedure [1].
In our method, we performed two-step elution onto silica gel plates. The first eluent consisted of chloroform, methanol, and water mixed with 70:30:4 proportion. The second eluent comprised of toluene, ethyl acetate, and methanol with 83:15:2 proportion. The described thin-layer chromatography (TLC) system allows qualitative and quantitative determination of the following alkaloids: sanguinarine, chelerythrine, chelidonine, coptisine, and berberine. For determination of protopine, eluent with n-buthanol, acetic acid, and water in 15:1.5:4 proportion was investigated.
The dominant alkaloids observed in studied fractions were coptisine (1027.096 ± 13.367–287.474 ± 3.069 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv) and chelidonine (1780.667 ± 263.522– 115.929 ± 14.694 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv). The alkaloid detected in the least amount was chelerythrine (30.74 ± 7.526–1.143 ± 0.0651 mg/100 g dry matter ± sdv). The highest total amount of all alkaloids was determined in the fractions obtained from herbs in spring, and the lowest amount was detected in herbs autumn.
Additionally, we compared amounts of studied alkaloids in different parts of plants (aerial parts and roots). The plants were collected in spring and autumn.
Authors concluded that the presented method can be used as a valuable tool for screening studies on C. majus L.
PENGARUH INTENSITAS CAHAYA TERHADAP PEMANGSAAN LARVA IKAN CLOWN (Amphiprion ocellaris) PADA AWAL PEMELIHARAAN
Authors: Setiawati Ketut Maha , Imanto Philip Teguh , Kusumawati Daniar 
Published: November 2016

Penelitian pemangsaan larva ikan clown (Amphiprion ocellaris) pada awal pemeliharaan dan umur sepuluh hari dilakukan menggunakan tangki serat kaca (fiberglass) volume 200 L. Pakan zooplankton rotifera disediakan sejak telur menetas dengan kepadatan 5 ind./mL. Mulai D-8 zooplankton nauplii Artemia ditambahkan dengan kepadatan 1.700 ind./tangki. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada umur 1 hari dan sepuluh hari, masing-masing 10 ekor larva/sampling dengan interval waktu 3 jam. Larva diukur kemudian dibedah dan dianalisis jumlah pemangsaaannya dengan bantuan stereoscopic microscope. Hasil analisis menunjukkan peranan intensitas cahaya dalam aktivitas pemangsaannya sebesar 5 individu rotifera dengan intensitas cahaya 70 lux pada pagi hari, sedang pemangsaan tertinggi terjadi pada pukul 13.00—16.00 dengan pemangsaan 57 individu rotifera pada saat intensitas cahaya menurun. Spektrum warna cahaya diduga lebih berperanan pada kemampuan maksimal memangsa dari larva ikan laut.Observation on feeding activity of clown fish (A. ocellaris) larvae have been conducted in 200 L. fiberglass tanks. Zooplankton rotifers were used as initial feed at a rate of 5 ind./mL. After eight days culture, nauplii Artemia were added at rate of 1,700 ind./ tank. Sampling was done on D-1 and D-10 at 10 individuals even sampling at three hours interval. The larvae were measured under a stereoscopic microscope, examining the digestion apparatus to count number of rotifers and nauplii Artemia as well. The result showed that the role of light intensity in feeding: 5 individual rotifer at 70 lux in early morning for D-1 larvae. The highest feeding occurred at 13.00-16.00 in the after noon at 57 individual rotifer when light intensity decreased. Color spectrum of light were predicted having more roles related to the maximum feeding rate of clown fish larvae.
ISOLASI DAN KULTUR PROTOPLAS RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Suryati Emma , Tenriulo Andi , Mulyaningrum Sri Rejeki Hesti 
Published: November 2016

Isolasi protoplas rumput laut K. alvarezii, telah dilakukan dalam rangka penyiapan protoplas untuk penyilangan melalui fusi protoplas. Metode yang digunakan antara lain melalui cara kimia dengan melisis tallus rumput laut dengan campuran enzim komersial, kemudian enzim yang berasal dari viscera keong mas baik yang segar maupun yang beku, dengan media kultur yang digunakan pada pemeliharaan makro algae antara lain Conwy, PES, dan air laut steril. Tallus rumput laut yang digunakan berasal dari bagian pangkal, tengah dan ujung. Protoplas yang hidup diuji menggunakan evans blue 0,1%, hormon perangsang tumbuh yang digunakan pada media pertumbuhan antara lain auxin, IAA, dan Kinetin. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap jumlah protoplas hidup, pertumbuhan, dan sintasan. Hasil percobaan memperlihatkan bahwa enzim yang paling baik digunakan adalah campuran enzim komersial dengan media kultur Conwy dengan jumlah protoplas mencapai 19,8 x 106 sel/mL, bagian tallus yang paling baik adalah bagian pangkal berkisar antara 8,1x106 hingga 18,8 x 106 sel/ mL. Perangsang tumbuh yang paling baik adalah auxin. Filamen terbentuk setelah 5 hari dengan fotoperiod L:D=12:12.Isolation of seaweed’s protoplast Kappaphycus alvarezii had been done to provide protoplast for crossbreeding purpose by protoplast fusion. The method was chemically done by lyses of tallus used commercial enzyme mixture, enzyme from viscera of snail both fresh and frozen, culture media were Conwy (CW), PES, and sterile sea water (SSW) which were used to maintain the macro algae. Part of used tallus were upper, middle and tip of tallus. The viable protoplast was examined by using 0.1% evans blue and the growth-stimulating hormone were auxin, IAA, and Kinetin. Observation was concerned to the amount of viable protoplast, the growth, and the long live. Result showed that the best enzyme was commercial enzyme mixture with Conwy as the best culture media, provided protoplast until 19.8 x 106 cell/mL. The greatest protoplast content was in upper part of tallus, it could provide protoplast about 8.1 x 106 cell/mL until 18.8 x 106 cell/mL, and the best growth-stimulating hormone was auxin. Filament was formed after 5 days with photoperiod L: D=12:12.