bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CFD simulation of single‐phase suction head and power consumption in a delta impeller pump–mixer
Authors: Huang Yi , Wu Bin , Chen Kui , Zhu Jiawen , Ji Lijun , Wu Yanyang , Shen Zujun 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAgitation is one of the greatest challenges in the computer simulation, which is a common operation in mixer–settlers. In the present work, hydrodynamic characteristics of delta impeller pump–mixers have been studied using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Sliding mesh approach has been used for the modeling of interaction between static tank and rotating impeller. Standard k–ε turbulence model was adopted. The effect of different geometrical parameters including off‐bottom clearance, impeller diameter, number of blades and height of suction orifice on suction head and power consumption characteristics has been investigated. Low off‐bottom clearance and high suction orifice location were found beneficial to suction increase without extra power input. Scale‐up study has also been carried out at two different vessel sizes. CFD simulation results have been validated and agree with literature and experimental data. Optimum geometry of pump–mixer has been proposed, and new delta impeller designs have been proved better than the original one in pumping capacity. Scale‐up study shows a close agreement of power number and head number of different geometric scales and confirms the validity of CFD simulation in scale‐up of the delta impeller for industrial‐scale application. Copyright © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of angioplasty and bypass surgery for critical limb ischaemia in patients with infrapopliteal peripheral artery disease
Authors: Patel S D , Biasi L , Paraskevopoulos I , Silickas J , Lea T , Diamantopoulos A , Katsanos K , Zayed H 
Published: September 2016

Abstract

Background
Both infrapopliteal (IP) bypass surgery and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty have been shown to be effective in patients with critical limb ischaemia (CLI). The most appropriate method of revascularization has yet to be established, as no randomized trials have been reported. The aim of this study was to compare the outcomes of patients with similar characteristics treated using either revascularization method.

Methods
Consecutive patients undergoing IP bypass and IP angioplasty for CLI (Rutherford 4–6) at a single institution were compared following propensity score matching. The study endpoints were primary, assisted primary and secondary patency, and amputation-free survival at 12 months, calculated by Kaplan–Meier analysis.

Results
Some 279 limbs in 243 patients were included in the study. The two groups differed significantly with respect to the incidence of diabetes (P = 0·024), estimated glomerular filtration rate (P = 0·006), total lesion length (P &lt; 0·001) and Rutherford classification (P = 0·008). These factors were used to construct the propensity score model, which yielded a matched cohort of 125 legs in each group. Primary patency (54·4 versus 51·4 per cent; P = 0·014), assisted primary patency (77·5 versus 62·7 per cent; P = 0·003), secondary patency (84·4 versus 65·8 per cent; P &lt; 0·001) and amputation-free survival (78·7 versus 74·1 per cent; P = 0·043) were significantly better after bypass than angioplasty. However, limb salvage was similar (90·4 versus 94·2 per cent; P = 0·161), and overall complications (36·0 versus 21·6 per cent; P = 0·041) as well as length of hospital stay (18(4–134) versus 5(0–110); P = 0·001) were worse in the surgical bypass group.

Conclusion
There was no difference in limb salvage rates, but patency and amputation-free survival rates were better 1 year after bypass surgery.
fMRIfunctional connectivity of the periaqueductal gray inPTSDand its dissociative subtype
Authors: Harricharan Sherain , Rabellino Daniela , Frewen Paul A. , Densmore Maria , Théberge Jean , McKinnon Margaret C. , Schore Allan N. , Lanius Ruth A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with hyperarousal and active fight or flight defensive responses. By contrast, the dissociative subtype ofPTSD, characterized by depersonalization and derealization symptoms, is frequently accompanied by additional passive or submissive defensive responses associated with autonomic blunting. Here, the periaqueductal gray (PAG) plays a central role in defensive responses, where the dorsolateral (DL‐PAG) and ventrolateralPAG(VL‐PAG) are thought to mediate active and passive defensive responses, respectively.MethodsWe examinedPAGsubregion (dorsolateral and ventrolateral) resting‐state functional connectivity in three groups:PTSDpatients without the dissociative subtype (n = 60);PTSDpatients with the dissociative subtype (n = 37); and healthy controls (n = 40) using a seed‐based approach via PickAtlas andSPM12.ResultsAllPTSDpatients showed extensiveDL‐ andVL‐PAGfunctional connectivity at rest with areas associated with emotional reactivity and defensive action as compared to controls (n = 40). Although allPTSDpatients demonstratedDL‐PAGfunctional connectivity with areas associated with initiation of active coping strategies and hyperarousal (e.g., dorsal anterior cingulate; anterior insula), only dissociativePTSDpatients exhibited greaterVL‐PAGfunctional connectivity with brain regions linked to passive coping strategies and increased levels of depersonalization (e.g., temporoparietal junction; rolandic operculum).ConclusionsThese findings suggest greater defensive posturing inPTSDpatients even at rest and demonstrate that those with the dissociative subtype show unique patterns ofPAGfunctional connectivity when compared to those without the subtype. Taken together, these findings represent an important first step toward identifying neural and behavioral targets for therapeutic interventions that address defensive strategies in trauma‐related disorders.
ZNF703 Overexpression may act as an oncogene in non‐small cell lung cancer
Authors: Baykara Onur , Dalay Nejat , Kaynak Kamil , Buyru Nur 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDespite therapeutic advances, lung cancer remains one of the most common causes of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. The ZNF703 gene has been identified as the driver of the 8p11‐12 region and its amplification or overexpression has been associated with several types of cancers. It has also been shown that ZNF703 overexpression can activate the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. The aim of our study was to investigate the role of the ZNF703 gene in association with Akt/mTOR activation in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Expression levels in tumors and matched noncancerous tissue samples from 47 patients were analyzed by qRT‐PCR and the Akt phosphorylation levels were investigated by Western blotting. Our results show that ZNF703 is up‐regulated in 63.4% of NSCLC tumor samples. Althogh the correlation did not reach a statistically significant level Akt phosphorylation was increased in tumor tissues expressing high levels of ZNF703. The role of the ZNF703 gene has not been investigated in NSCLC. Our data show that ZNF703 may contribute to tumor development in NSCLC by activating the Akt/mTOR pathway.
Interpretative phenomenological analysis and embodied interpretation: Integrating methods to find the ‘words that work’
Authors: Amos India 
Published: September 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis article identifies one enduring and coherent strand within the phenomenological tradition, which recognises the intertwined relationship between the lifeworld and the lived body. The understanding that our body shapes our fundamental view of the world is also considered important within IPA. Embodied interpretation has been developed in response to a growing trend towards an aesthetic phenomenology, which aims to ‘carry forward’ the meaning of a phenomenon in all its complexity and texture.Aim and MethodWith the aim of facilitating the development of emotionally receptive forms of understanding, it is proposed that an embodied interpretation can be successfully integrated into IPA via the application of Gendlin's method of focusing. An application of the method is demonstrated, and its contribution is evaluated.ConclusionAttendance to the researcher's bodily response to the research data is understood as enabling the production of ‘words that work’ for the participant, author, and reader alike.
Perception of collisions between virtual characters
Authors: Stüvel Sybren A. , van der Stappen A. Frank , Egges Arjan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWith the growth in available computing power, we see increasingly crowded virtual environments. In densely crowded situations, collisions are likely to occur, and the choice in collision detection technique can impact the perceived realism of a real‐time crowd. This paper presents an investigation into the accuracy of human observers with regard to the recognition of collisions between virtual characters. We show the result of two user studies, where participants classify scenarios as “colliding” or “not colliding”; a pilot study investigates the perception of static images, whereas the main study expands on this by employing animated videos. In the pilot experiment, we investigated the effect of two variables on the ability to recognize collisions: distance between the character meshes and visibility of the inter‐character gap. In the main experiment, we investigate the angle between the character paths and the severity of the (near) collision. On average, respondents correctly classified 72% (static) and 68% (animated) of the scenarios. A notable result is that the maximum uncertainty in determining existence of collisions occurs when the characters are overlapping and that there is a significant bias towards answering “not colliding.” We also discuss differences in bias in the recognition of upper‐ and lower‐body collisions.
Percutaneous left atrial appendage occlusion using different technologies in the United Kingdom: A multicenter registry
Authors: Betts Timothy R. , Leo Milena , Panikker Sandeep , Kanagaratnam Prapa , Koa‐Wing Michael , Davies David Wyn , Hildick‐Smith David , Wynne Dylan G. , Ormerod Oliver , Segal Oliver R. , Chow Anthony W. , Todd Derick , Cabrera Gomez Sandra , Kirkwood Graeme J. , Fox David , Pepper Chris , Foran John , Wong Tom 
Published: September 2016

ObjectivesThis study aimed at assessing the feasibility and long‐term efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) in a “real world” setting.BackgroundAlthough LAAO has recently emerged as an alternative to oral anticoagulants in patients with atrial fibrillation for the prevention of thromboembolic stroke, “real world” data about the procedure with different devices are lacking.MethodsEight centers in the United Kingdom contributed to a retrospective registry for LAAO procedures undertaken between July 2009 and November 2014.ResultsA total of 371 patients (72.9 ± 8.3 years old, 88.9% males) were enrolled. The overall procedure success was 92.5%, with major events in 3.5% of cases. The device choice was Watchman in 63% of cases, Amplatzer Cardiac Plug in 34.7%, Lariat in 1.7%, and Coherex WaveCrest in 0.6%. A significant improvement in procedure success (from 89.2% to 95.7%; P = 0.018) and reduction of acute major complications (from 6.5% to 0.5%; P = 0.001) were observed between procedures in the first and the second half of the recruitment time. An annual 90.1% relative risk reduction (RRR) for ischemic stroke, an 87.2% thromboembolic events RRR, and a 92.9% major bleeding RRR were observed, if compared with the predicted annual risks based on CHADS2, CHA2DS2‐Vasc, and HAS‐BLED scores, respectively, over a follow‐up period of 24.7 ± 16.07 months.ConclusionsLAAO can be performed safely in a real world setting with good implant success rates and procedural outcomes. The long‐term benefits of the procedure are reassuring in terms of both ischemic events and avoidance of severe bleeding associated with anticoagulation in this patient group. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Platform Chemicals via Zeolite‐Catalyzed Fast Pyrolysis of Glucose
Authors: Puértolas Begoña , Imtiaz Qasim , Müller Christoph R. , Pérez‐Ramírez Javier 
Published: September 2016

AbstractFuran derivatives, such as 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural, obtained from renewable feedstocks are sustainable alternatives to petroleum‐based building blocks for the manufacture of chemical products. This study shows for the first time the applicability of the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of glucose over tailored zeolites for the production of HMF and furfural. In particular, we demonstrate that Lewis‐acid‐containing faujasite zeolites attained by alkali metal–cation exchange exhibit combined yields to these platform molecules of 17 %. Despite the fact that further research is required on the process assessment at a larger scale and under more realistic conditions, CFP has potential for the production of biomass‐derived commodity chemicals.
Divanadium‐Substituted Phosphotungstate Supported on Magnetic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as Effective and Recyclable Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Alcohols
Authors: Dong Xinbo , Zhang Xi , Wu Panfeng , Zhang Yanjie , Liu Bin , Hu Huaiming , Xue Ganglin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA new magnetically recyclable catalyst (Fe3O4@mSiO2/NH‐PV2W) was fabricated by immobilizing divanadium‐substituted Keggin phosphotungstic acid H5PV2W10O40 on mesoporous‐silica‐coated Fe3O4 core–shell nanoparticles by a facile procedure. The magnetic core–shell nanoparticles were prepared by coating a thin mesoporous silica shell directly on pristine magnetic Fe3O4 and functionalized with amino radicals simultaneously. Then the active H5PV2W10O40 was immobilized on the mesoporous silica shell of the Fe3O4 core–shell nanoparticles. The obtained catalyst was characterized by using SEM, TEM, IR spectroscopy, XRD, N2 sorption–desorption, and magnetometry. The catalytic properties were evaluated for a series of alcohols that were oxidized selectively to the corresponding aldehydes or ketones using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant. The results show that H5PV2W10O40‐loaded mesoporous silica‐coated Fe3O4 catalyst presents high catalytic activities with 98 % conversion of benzyl alcohol and 99 % selectivity to benzaldehyde. After the reaction, the catalyst could be separated easily with an external magnetic field, and the recovered catalyst could be reused at least five times without any loss of catalytic activity.
3 D Imaging and Structural Analysis of a Mesoporous‐Silica‐Body‐Supported Eggshell Cobalt Catalyst for Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis
Authors: Han Ting , Li Xiaopeng , Lin Chao , Zhang Haojie , Gao Peng , Zhao Yonghui , Du Fuping , Chen Yuyun , Sun Yuhan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe front cover artwork for Issue 18/2016 is provided by Yuhan Sun's group at the Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences (SARI‐CAS) (P.R. China). The image shows a 3D full‐field view of the spatial distribution of active metal phases in a millimeter‐sized porous support. See the Full Paper itself at http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cctc.201600657.
National patterns of care and predictors of neoadjuvant and concurrent chemotherapy use with definitive radiotherapy in the treatment of patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Sher David J. , Rusthoven Chad G. , Khan Saad A. , Fidler Mary Jo , Zhu Hong , Koshy Matthew 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUNDTo the authors' knowledge, the patterns of care for the radiotherapy‐based treatment of patients with stage III to IVB oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) are poorly defined. The objective of the current study was to characterize the use and predictors of chemotherapy with radiotherapy for this population using the National Cancer Database.METHODSPatients in the National Cancer Database with AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) stage III to IV OPSCC who were treated with radiotherapy between 2003 and 2012 were eligible for analysis. Treatment was defined as radiotherapy alone, concurrent chemoradiotherapy, or induction chemotherapy (IC). Multivariable regression with multilevel modeling was used to determine predictors of any chemotherapy use and, among patients receiving chemotherapy, the predictors of IC.RESULTSThe majority (90%) of the 30,875 eligible patients received chemotherapy, the majority of whom (71% of the total) were treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy; a sizeable percentage of patients received IC (19% of total). On multivariable regression, younger age, favorable comorbidity status, and more advanced tumor and lymph node disease were found to be independent predictors of any chemotherapy and IC use. Nonwhite patients (odds ratio [OR], 0.71; P<.0001), women (OR, 0.74; P<.0001), and individuals without private insurance were found to be significantly less likely to receive chemotherapy. Patients treated at higher‐volume institutions were significantly less likely to receive IC (OR, 0.69; P = .0006). Human papillomavirus status did not appear to independently influence treatment choice.CONCLUSIONSThe vast majority of patients with stage III to IVB OPSCC who were treated with definitive radiotherapy received chemotherapy, which is consistent with high‐level data and national recommendations. However, disparities with regard to race, sex, and insurance status emerged thereby requiring additional investigation. The frequent use of IC despite limited supportive evidence warrants research on physician and patient decision making and presents an opportunity to improve evidence‐based treatment delivery. Cancer 2017;123:273–282. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Water mold infection but not paternity induces selective filial cannibalism in a goby
Authors: Vallon Martin , Anthes Nils , Heubel Katja U. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMany animals heavily invest in parental care but still reject at least some of their offspring. Although seemingly paradoxical, selection can favor parents to neglect offspring of particularly low reproductive value, for example, because of small survival chances. We here assess whether filial cannibalism (FC), where parents routinely eat some of their own young, is selective in response to individual offspring reproductive value. We performed two independent laboratory experiments in the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps) to test whether caring fathers preferentially cannibalize eggs of a given infection history and paternity. While males did not discriminate kin from nonkin eggs, they consumed significantly more eggs previously exposed to water mold compared to uninfected eggs. Our findings clearly show that parents differentiate between eggs based on differences in egg condition, and thus complement the prevailing view thatFCarises for energetic reasons. By preventing the spread of microbial infections, the removal of molded eggs can constitute an important component of parental care and may represent a key driver of selectiveFCin a wide array of parental fish.
Right ventricular recovery during follow‐up is associated with improved survival in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Dini Frank Lloyd , Carluccio Erberto , Simioniuc Anca , Biagioli Paolo , Reboldi Gianpaolo , Galeotti Gian Giacomo , Raineri Claudia , Gargani Luna , Scelsi Laura , Mandoli Giulia Elena , Cannito Antonia , Rossi Andrea , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Ghio Stefano ,   on behalf of the Network Labs Ultrasound (NEBULA) in Heart Failure Study Group
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimsA compromised tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is associated with worse survival in patients with chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, it is not known whether a reversible abnormal TAPSE at follow‐up predicts survival. Our aim was to evaluate whether a reversible abnormal TAPSE is associated with a better survival in patients with chronic HFrEF.Methods and resultsA complete echocardiography was performed in 706 patients with chronic HFrEF (LVEF ≤45%) at baseline and after 6 ± 3 months. Right ventricular (RV) systolic function was evaluated using TAPSE. The study endpoint was all‐cause mortality. At baseline, TAPSE was severely reduced (≤14 mm) in 89 (13%) patients, and slightly reduced (>14 but <18 mm) in 157 (22%) patients. During a median follow‐up of 40 months, 152 patients reached the endpoint. The event rate (per 100 patients/year) was lower in patients with persistently normal TAPSE (≥18 mm, n = 393) [3.3%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.5–4.3], and in those with reversible TAPSE (n = 120) (4.6%, 95% CI 3.1–7.0), compared with patients with worsening TAPSE (n = 90) (11.9%, 95% CI 8.7–16.3), and those with persistently reduced TAPSE (n = 103) (12.6%, 95% CI 9.3–17.1; log‐rank 69.4, P < 0.0001). A reversible abnormal TAPSE was associated with improved survival at multivariable Cox regression analysis (hazard ratio 0.48, 95% CI 0.29–0.79, P = 0.004).ConclusionsPatients with chronic HFrEF who have abnormal TAPSE at baseline but reverse their dysfunction during follow‐up have better survival than patients with either worsened TAPSE or persistently abnormal TAPSE, and similar to that of patients with persistently normal TAPSE.
Platinum‐Free Counter Electrode Using Polymer‐Capped Graphene Nanoplatelets for Cobalt(II)/(III)‐Mediated Porphyrin‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Yu‐Chieh , Zhai Peng , Lu Man‐Ning , Lee Chih‐Chi , Reddy Kamani Sudhir K. , Tingare Yogesh , Yeh Chen‐Yu , Wei Tzu‐Chien 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe present a facile and scalable method to prepare water‐dispersed polyvinylpyrrolidone‐capped graphene (PVP‐graphene) nanoplatelets from an ordinary graphite powder. The 3 D hydrophobic graphite powder was exfoliated into 2 D hydrophilic PVP‐graphene nanoplatelets by inducing intercalation through the PVP chains and through high‐powered sonication. The nanoplatelets were characterized by using XRD, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy, TEM, Raman spectroscopy, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and they were found to be nonoxidative and to have dimensions of a few hundred nanometers. The suitability of PVP‐graphene as a catalyst for a CoII/III redox couple was evaluated by coating the prepared PVP‐graphene nanoplatelets on fluorine‐doped tin oxide glass through a unique two‐step dipping method. The coated nanoplatelets were examined by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and current–voltage curve analysis, and it was observed that PVP‐graphene exhibited a high catalytic effect because the charge transfer resistance from CoIII to CoII was as low as 1.17 Ω cm2. A porphyrin‐sensitized solar cell with this counter electrode and an efficiency of 8.95 % was demonstrated.