bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thank you to 2015 reviewers of Radio Science
Authors: Wilkinson Phil , Salous Sana 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOn behalf of Radio Science, AGU, and the scientific community, the editors and associate editors would like to thank everybody who reviewed manuscripts for Radio Science in 2015. Peer review is widely accepted as an indispensable part of science. The hours spent reading and commenting on manuscripts not only improve the manuscripts themselves, but also ensure the scientific rigor of future research in our field. These contributions are vital. Many of those listed below went further and reviewed three or more manuscripts for our journal, and they are indicated in italics. Overall, reviewers contributed 591 individual reviews of 282 manuscripts. Thank you once again to all our reviewers for contributing your valuable time to this essential task. We look forward to a 2016 of exciting advances in our field and communicating those advances to our community and to the broader public.
Structure Building Predicts Grades in College Psychology and Biology
Authors: Arnold Kathleen M. , Daniel David B. , Jensen Jamie L. , McDaniel Mark A. , Marsh Elizabeth J. 
Published: April 2016

SummaryKnowing what skills underlie college success can allow students, teachers, and universities to identify and to help at‐risk students. One skill that may underlie success across a variety of subject areas is structure building, the ability to create mental representations of narratives (Gernsbacher, Varner, & Faust, ). We tested if individual differences in structure‐building ability predicted success in two college classes: introductory to psychology and introductory biology. In both cases, structure building predicted success. This effect was robust, with structure building explaining variance in course grades even after accounting for high school GPA and SAT scores (in the psychology course) or a measure of domain knowledge (in the biology course). The results support the claim that structure building is an important individual difference, one that is associated with learning in different domains. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Extended O‐Doped Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Stassen Daphné , Demitri Nicola , Bonifazi Davide 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of O‐doped benzorylenes, in which peripheral carbon atoms have been replaced by oxygen atoms, has been achieved for the first time. This includes key high‐yielding ring‐closure steps which, through intramolecular C−O bond formation, allow stepwise planarization of oligonaphthalenes. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction showed that the tetraoxa derivative forms remarkable face‐to‐face π–π stacks in the solid state, a favorable solid‐state arrangement for organic electronics.
Bioinspired Mechanical Gradients in Cellulose Nanofibril/Polymer Nanopapers
Authors: Wang Baochun , Benitez Alejandro J. , Lossada Francisco , Merindol Remi , Walther Andreas 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMechanical gradients are important as tough joints, for strain field engineering in printable electronics, for actuators, and for biological studies, yet they are difficult to prepare and quantitatively characterize. We demonstrate the additive fabrication of gradient bioinspired nanocomposites based on stiff, renewable cellulose nanofibrils that are bottom‐up toughened via a tailor‐made copolymer. Direct filament writing of different nanocomposite hydrogels in patterns, and subsequent healing of the filaments into continuous films while drying leads to a variety of linear, parabolic and striped bulk gradients. In situ digital image correlation under tensile deformation reveals important differences in the strain fields regarding asymmetry and step heights of the patterns. We envisage that merging top‐down and bottom‐up structuring of nanocellulose hybrids opens avenues for aperiodic and multiscale, bioinspired nanocomposites with optimized combinations of stiffness and toughness.
The Sex Attractant Pheromone of Male Brown Rats: Identification and Field Experiment
Authors: Takács Stephen , Gries Regine , Zhai Huimin , Gries Gerhard 
Published: April 2016

AbstractTrapping brown rats is challenging because they avoid newly placed traps in their habitat. Herein, we report the identification of the sex pheromone produced by male brown rats and its effect on trap captures of wild female brown rats. Collecting urine‐ and feces‐soiled bedding material of laboratory‐kept rats and comparing the soiled‐bedding odorants of juvenile and adult males, as well as of adult males and females, we found nine compounds that were specific to, or most prevalent in, the odor profiles of sexually mature adult males. When we added a synthetic blend of six of these compounds (2‐heptanone, 4‐heptanone, 3‐ethyl‐2‐heptanone, 2‐octanone, 2‐nonanone, 4‐nonanone) to one of two paired food‐baited trap boxes, these boxes attracted significantly more laboratory‐strain female rats in laboratory experiments, and captured ten times more wild female rats in a field experiment than the corresponding control boxes. Our data show that the pheromone facilitates captures of wild female brown rats.
A Pd/C‐CeO2 Anode Catalyst for High‐Performance Platinum‐Free Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells
Authors: Miller Hamish A. , Lavacchi Alessandro , Vizza Francesco , Marelli Marcello , Di Benedetto Francesco , D'Acapito Francesco , Paska Yair , Page Miles , Dekel Dario R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOne of the biggest obstacles to the dissemination of fuel cells is their cost, a large part of which is due to platinum (Pt) electrocatalysts. Complete removal of Pt is a difficult if not impossible task for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEM‐FCs). The anion exchange membrane fuel cell (AEM‐FC) has long been proposed as a solution as non‐Pt metals may be employed. Despite this, few examples of Pt‐free AEM‐FCs have been demonstrated with modest power output. The main obstacle preventing the realization of a high power density Pt‐free AEM‐FC is sluggish hydrogen oxidation (HOR) kinetics of the anode catalyst. Here we describe a Pt‐free AEM‐FC that employs a mixed carbon‐CeO2 supported palladium (Pd) anode catalyst that exhibits enhanced kinetics for the HOR. AEM‐FC tests run on dry H2 and pure air show peak power densities of more than 500 mW cm−2.
Enantioselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Cycloisomerization of (E)‐1,6‐Enynes
Authors: Deng Xu , Ni Shao‐Fei , Han Zheng‐Yu , Guan Yu‐Qing , Lv Hui , Dang Li , Zhang Xu‐Mu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAn enantioselective rhodium(I)‐catalyzed cycloisomerization reaction of challenging (E)‐1,6‐enynes is reported. This novel process enables (E)‐1,6‐enynes with a wide range of functionalities, including nitrogen‐, oxygen‐, and carbon‐tethered (E)‐1,6‐enynes, to undergo cycloisomerization with excellent enantioselectivity, in a high‐yielding and operationally simple manner. Moreover, this RhI‐diphosphane catalytic system also exhibited superior reactivity and enantioselectivity for (Z)‐1,6‐enynes. A rationale for the striking reactivity difference between (E)‐ and (Z)‐1,6‐enynes using RhI‐BINAP and RhI‐TangPhos is outlined using DFT studies to provide the necessary insight for the design of new catalyst systems and the application to synthesis.
An Alkyne Diboration/6π‐Electrocyclization Strategy for the Synthesis of Pyridine Boronic Acid Derivatives
Authors: Mora‐Radó Helena , Bialy Laurent , Czechtizky Werngard , Méndez María , Harrity Joseph P. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA new and efficient synthesis of pyridine‐based heteroaromatic boronic acid derivatives is reported through a novel diboration/6π‐electrocyclization strategy. This method delivers a range of functionalized heterocycles from readily available starting materials.
Repair of a Dimeric Azetidine Related to the Thymine–Cytosine (6‐4) Photoproduct by Electron Transfer Photoreduction
Authors: Fraga‐Timiraos Ana B. , Lhiaubet‐Vallet Virginie , Miranda Miguel A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPhotolyases are intriguing enzymes that take advantage of sunlight to restore lesions like cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers or (6‐4) photoproducts. This work focused on the photoreductive process responsible for splitting of the azetidine ring proposed to occur during (6‐4) photoproduct repair at a thymine–cytosine sequence. A model compound formed by photocycloaddition between thymine and 6‐azauracil has been designed to mimic the elusive azetidine intermediate. The photoinduced electron transfer process has been investigated by means of steady‐state and time‐resolved fluorescence using photosensitizers with oxidation potentials in the singlet excited state ranging from −3.3 to −2.1 V vs. SCE. Azetidine ring splitting and recovery of “repaired” bases were proven by HPLC analysis.
Charge‐Transfer Phase Transition of a Cyanide‐Bridged FeII/FeIII Coordination Polymer
Authors: Zhang Kuirun , Kang Soonchul , Yao Zi‐shuo , Nakamura Kazusa , Yamamoto Takashi , Einaga Yasuaki , Azuma Nobuaki , Miyazaki Yuji , Nakano Motohiro , Kanegawa Shinji , Sato Osamu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHeterometallic Prussian blue analogues are known to exhibit thermally induced charge transfer, resulting in switching of optical and magnetic properties. However, charge‐transfer phase transitions have not been reported for the simplest FeFe cyanide‐bridged systems. A mixed‐valence FeII/FeIII cyanide‐bridged coordination polymer, {[Fe(Tp)(CN)3]2Fe(bpe)⋅5 H2O}n, which demonstrates a thermally induced charge‐transfer phase transition, is described. As a result of the charge transfer during this phase transition, the high‐spin state of the whole system does not change to a low‐spin state. This result is in contrast to FeCo cyanide‐bridged systems that exhibit charge‐transfer‐induced spin transitions.
Integration of Semiconducting Sulfides for Full‐Spectrum Solar Energy Absorption and Efficient Charge Separation
Authors: Zhuang Tao‐Tao , Liu Yan , Li Yi , Zhao Yuan , Wu Liang , Jiang Jun , Yu Shu‐Hong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe full harvest of solar energy by semiconductors requires a material that simultaneously absorbs across the whole solar spectrum and collects photogenerated electrons and holes separately. The stepwise integration of three semiconducting sulfides, namely ZnS, CdS, and Cu2−xS, into a single nanocrystal, led to a unique ternary multi‐node sheath ZnS–CdS–Cu2−xS heteronanorod for full‐spectrum solar energy absorption. Localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the nonstoichiometric copper sulfide nanostructures enables effective NIR absorption. More significantly, the construction of pn heterojunctions between Cu2−xS and CdS leads to staggered gaps, as confirmed by first‐principles simulations. This band alignment causes effective electron–hole separation in the ternary system and hence enables efficient solar energy conversion.
Synthesis of Lithium Boracarbonate Ion Pairs by Copper‐Catalyzed Multi‐Component Coupling of Carbon Dioxide, Diboron, and Aldehydes
Authors: Carry Béatrice , Zhang Liang , Nishiura Masayoshi , Hou Zhaomin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe catalytic selective multi‐component coupling of CO2, bis(pinacolato)diboron, LiOtBu, and a wide range of aldehydes has been achieved for the first time by using an NHC‐copper catalyst. This transformation has efficiently afforded a series of novel lithium cyclic boracarbonate ion pair compounds in high yields from readily available starting materials. This protocol has not only provided a new catalytic process for the utilization of CO2, but it has also constituted a novel route for the efficient synthesis of a new class of lithium borate compounds that might be of interest as potential electrolyte candidates for lithium ion batteries.
Using Chemoattractants to Lure Bacteria to Contact‐Killing Surfaces
Authors: Jain Rishabh , Faith Nancy G. , Milkowski Andrew , Nelson Kevin , Busche David , Lynn David M. , Czuprynski Charles J. , Abbott Nicholas L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractAntimicrobial surfaces with covalently attached biocidal functionalities only kill microbes that come into direct contact with the surfaces (contact‐killing surfaces). Herein, the activity of contact‐killing surfaces is shown to be enhanced by using gradients in the concentration of soluble chemoattractants (CAs) to attract bacteria to the surfaces. Two natural and nonbiocidal CAs (aspartate and glucose) were used to attract bacteria to model surfaces decorated with quaternary ammonium groups (known to kill bacteria that come into contact with them). These results demonstrate the killing of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, two common pathogens, at levels 10‐ to 20‐times greater than that of the native surfaces alone. This approach is general and provides new strategies for the design of active or dynamic contact‐killing surfaces with enhanced antimicrobial activities.
Bottom‐Up Fabrication of Nanopatterned Polymers on DNA Origami by In Situ Atom‐Transfer Radical Polymerization
Authors: Tokura Yu , Jiang Yanyan , Welle Alexander , Stenzel Martina H. , Krzemien Katarzyna M. , Michaelis Jens , Berger Rüdiger , Barner‐Kowollik Christopher , Wu Yuzhou , Weil Tanja 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBottom‐up strategies to fabricate patterned polymers at the nanoscale represent an emerging field in the development of advanced nanodevices, such as biosensors, nanofluidics, and nanophotonics. DNA origami techniques provide access to distinct architectures of various sizes and shapes and present manifold opportunities for functionalization at the nanoscale with the highest precision. Herein, we conduct in situ atom‐transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) on DNA origami, yielding differently nanopatterned polymers of various heights. After cross‐linking, the grafted polymeric nanostructures can even stably exist in solution without the DNA origami template. This straightforward approach allows for the fabrication of patterned polymers with low nanometer resolution, which provides access to unique DNA‐based functional hybrid materials.
Factors influencing the measured surface reaction kinetics parameters
Authors: Hu Bobing , Xia Changrong 
Published: April 2016

AbstractFurther understanding of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction mechanism is one of the most important challenges for the development of solid oxide fuel cells at low and intermediate temperature. Determining the surface reaction kinetics parameters such as the surface exchange coefficient and bulk diffusion coefficient is critical to reveal the cathode process. However, the reported results from different literatures are widely divergent and sometimes the variation can reach as high as over one order of magnitude even for the same cathode material. The various original data make it difficult to judge the reaction property and possibly weaken the reliability of the parameters. In this review paper, the recent progress of the oxygen reduction reaction kinetics parameters is comprehensively summarized for typical cathode material La1−xSrxCo1−yFeyO3−δ regarding the experimental methods and principles. Emphasis is also placed on the main influenced factors which may result in the reported variation. The main purpose of this paper is to provide a summary of recent progress and reveal the possible difference source for the surface reaction kinetics of oxygen reduction reaction. © 2016 Curtin University of Technology and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transport properties of gases through integrally skinned asymmetric composite membranes prepared from date pit powder and polysulfone
Authors: Adewole Jimoh K. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTStudies were conducted on transport properties and separation performance of date pit/polysulfone composite membranes for CO2, CH4, N2, He, and H2 gases. Date seeds were obtained and processed into powder. Asymmetric flat sheet membrane was prepared by solvent casting method with 2–10 wt % date pit powder. Membrane characterization was done using high pressure gas permeation, X‐ray diffraction, thermogravimetric, and scanning electron microscope analyses. The separation performance and the plasticization resistance property were evaluated in terms of gas permeability, selectivity, and plasticization pressure, respectively. Time dependent performance properties were evaluated up to a pressure of 40 bar for 75 days. Results obtained showed the highest selectivity values of 1.54 (He/H2), 3.637 (He/N2), 2.538 (He/CO2), 2.779 (He/CH4), 3.179 (H2/N2), 3.907 (H2/CO2), 1.519 (CH4/N2), 1.650 (CO2/N2), and 1.261 (CO2/CH4) at 10 bar and 35 °C feed pressure and temperature, respectively. The resulting composite membrane showed about 39.50 and 66.94% increase in the selectivity of He/N2 and CO2/CH4, respectively, as compared to the pure polysulfone membrane. Thus, the membrane composites possess some potentials in membrane gas separation. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43606.
Hydrolytic degradation of nanocomposites based on poly(l‐lactic acid) and layered double hydroxides modified with a model drug
Authors: Oyarzabal Andrea , Mugica Agurtzane , Müller Alejandro J , Zubitur Manuela 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTHydrolytic degradation of a nanocomposite of poly(L‐lactic acid), PLA, and a layered double hydroxide (LDH) modified with the drug 4‐biphenyl acetic acid (Bph) has been studied. PLA/LDH‐Bph nanocomposite was prepared by solvent casting with 5 wt % of drug modified LDH and the hydrolytic degradation was carried out in a PBS solution at pH 7.2 and 37 °C. Neat PLA with 5 wt % 4‐biphenyl acetic acid was studied as reference material (PLA/Bph). The materials were studied by WAXS, TEM, TGA, DSC, SEM, FTIR, SEC and contact angle measurements. For PLA/Bph, an acid catalytic effect, caused by the drug, accelerates PLA mass loss. However, for PLA/LDH‐Bph, the presence of LDH produces a barrier effect that initially reduces the diffusion of the oligomers produced during hydrolytic degradation. DSC results demonstrate that Bph induces faster PLA crystallization and this effect is reduced in PLA/LDH‐Bph nanocomposites because of their lower drug content. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43648.
Synthesis of a hole‐containing polypyrrole film modified by copper cementation
Authors: Lehr I. L. , Saidman S. B. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTA simple procedure enables to obtain a hole‐containing PPy film on SAE 4140 steel in sodium bis(2‐ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT) solutions. The film characterization was made by electrochemical and morphological studies. The effects of electropolymerization parameters on the obtained morphology are discussed. The formation of the coating is conditioned by the nature of the substrate and surfactant and the electrochemical technique employed. Electrochemical investigations demonstrate that the hole‐containing PPy film presents an increase in surface area. The polymer was modified by cementation of copper particles. The modified polymer offers a higher electrocatalytic activity for the HER than usual PPy. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43650.
Elemental sulfur‐based polymeric materials: Synthesis and characterization
Authors: Salman Mohamed Khalifa , Karabay Baris , Karabay Lutfiye Canan , Cihaner Atilla 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTNew elemental sulfur‐based polymeric materials called poly(sulfur‐random‐divinylbenzene) [poly(S‐r‐DVB)] were synthesized by ring opening polymerization via inverse vulcanization technique in the presence of a mixture of o‐, m‐, and p‐diviniylbenzene (DVB) as a cross‐linker. A clear yellow/orange colored liquid was obtained from the elemental sulfur melted at 160 °C and then by adding various amounts of DVB to this liquid directly via a syringe at 200 °C viscous reddish brown polymeric materials were obtained. The copolymers are soluble in common solvents like tetrahydrofuran, dichloromethane, and chloroform, and they can be coated on any surface as a thin film by a spray coating technique. The characterization of the materials was performed by using nuclear magnetic resonance, fourier transform infrared, and Raman spectroscopies. The morphological properties were monitored via scanning electron microscope technique. Thermal analysis showed that an increase in the amount of DVB in the copolymers resulted in an increase in the thermal decomposition temperature. On the other hand, poly(S‐r‐DVB) copolymers exhibited good percent transmittance as 50% T between 1500 and 13,000 nm in electromagnetic radiation spectrum, which makes them good candidates to be amenable use in military and surveillance cameras. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43655.
Inverted organic solar cells using nanocellulose as substrate
Authors: Costa Saionara Vilhegas , Pingel Patrick , Janietz Silvia , Nogueira Ana Flávia 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTOrganic photovoltaics (OPVs) offer the potential for ultralow cost mass‐producible photovoltaic devices. Other advantages are light weight and good mechanical flexibility. To further reduce the cost, the replacement of the conventional conducting substrates for cellulose is an interesting choice. There are three main types of nanocellulose materials: nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC), nanocrystalline cellulose (CNC), and bacterial nanocellulose. In this work, the synthesis of two types of nanocellulose substrates and their application in OPVs were achieved. For the first time, the different properties of the cellulose substrates and their influence on the OPV performance were addressed. The nanocellulose substrates CNC and NFC were characterized by XRD, AFM, and DSC. CNC films were more homogeneous, smoother, crystalline and with low roughness. Thus, when comparing the cellulosic substrates, the best device the one based on CNC. The PCE values of the inverted OPV cells were 3.0, 1.4, and 0.5% on to glass, CNC and NFC substrates. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43679.
Connection and competition: some early insights gained from petrographic studies of New Caledonian Lapita pottery
Authors: CHIU SCARLETT , KILLICK DAVID , SAND CHRISTOPHE , DICKINSON WILLIAM R. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTResults of petrographic analysis for ten New Caledonian Lapita pottery assemblages are presented in this paper. These findings enable us to identify several major pottery production areas during the Lapita period. It could be argued that the rise of pottery production traditions at the northern bank of the Diahot Valley near Ouégoa/Pouébo in the north, and the region between Tontouta and Nouméa/Saint Louis in the south, was influential in the formation of the northern versus southern New Caledonian cultural divisions (Sand et al.: 64‐5, fig. 11) that developed at a later date.
Solvent Effects on the Monomer/Hydrogen‐Bonded Dimer Equilibrium in Carboxylic Acids: (+)‐(S)‐Ketopinic Acid as a Case Study
Authors: Rodríguez Ortega Pilar Gema , Montejo Gámez Manuel , Márquez López Fernando , López González Juan Jesús 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe hydrogen‐bond‐assisted self‐association process of a chiral semirigid carboxylic acid, namely, (+)‐(S)‐ketopinic acid, has been studied. The multiconformational monomer/dimer equilibrium has been evaluated by means of a concentration‐dependent FTIR study that enabled the experimental equilibrium constants of the dimer formation reaction (Kdim) to be determined in two solvents of different polarity. In CDCl3, dimeric forms predominate, even in diluted solutions (
=5.074), whereas in CD3CN the self‐association process is hindered and monomers are always the main species, irrespective of solute concentration (
=0.194). The reliability of the dimerization constants and the derived mono‐ and dimeric experimental fractions have been proven by means of accurate matching between the experimental vibrational circular dichroism spectra of the species and the theoretical spectra generated by considering the simultaneous weighted contributions of the concomitant monomers and dimers.