bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A proteomic atlas of insulin signalling reveals tissue‐specific mechanisms of longevity assurance
Authors: Tain Luke S , Sehlke Robert , Jain Chirag , Chokkalingam Manopriya , Nagaraj Nagarjuna , Essers Paul , Rassner Mark , Grönke Sebastian , Froelich Jenny , Dieterich Christoph , Mann Matthias , Alic Nazif , Beyer Andreas , Partridge Linda 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLowered activity of the insulin/IGF signalling (IIS) network can ameliorate the effects of ageing in laboratory animals and, possibly, humans. Although transcriptome remodelling in long‐lived IIS mutants has been extensively documented, the causal mechanisms contributing to extended lifespan, particularly in specific tissues, remain unclear. We have characterized the proteomes of four key insulin‐sensitive tissues in a long‐lived Drosophila IIS mutant and control, and detected 44% of the predicted proteome (6,085 proteins). Expression of ribosome‐associated proteins in the fat body was reduced in the mutant, with a corresponding, tissue‐specific reduction in translation. Expression of mitochondrial electron transport chain proteins in fat body was increased, leading to increased respiration, which was necessary for IIS‐mediated lifespan extension, and alone sufficient to mediate it. Proteasomal subunits showed altered expression in IIS mutant gut, and gut‐specific over‐expression of the RPN6 proteasomal subunit, was sufficient to increase proteasomal activity and extend lifespan, whilst inhibition of proteasome activity abolished IIS‐mediated longevity. Our study thus uncovered strikingly tissue‐specific responses of cellular processes to lowered IIS acting in concert to ameliorate ageing.
Book Review: King, Dwight Y. Half-Hearthed Reform: Electoral Insitution and Struggle for Democracy in Indonesia. New York: Praeger, 2003. 256 PP.
Authors: Arumsari Nugraheni , Rahayu Annisa Maharani 
Published: September 2017

<p>Pemilihan kepala daerah di Indonesia merupakan tuntutan demokrasi yang memang tidak mungkin dielakkan lagi dalam era reformasi. Proses politik yang menguras banyak sumber daya ini muncul atas desakan dan harapan bahwa warga negara harus memiliki peran yang lebih aktif dalam pemilihan pemimpin-pemimpin lokal yang berkualitas dan sekaligus dekat dengan warga. Namun demikian, terdapat pertanyaan mendasar, apakah pemilihan kepala daerah langsung, sebagaimana pemilihan umum di tingkat nasional sudah berjalan sebagaimana mestinya? Apakah pemilihan-pemilihan yang dilakukan untuk mendapatkan politisi-politisi terbaik itu sudah terlaksana dengan baik? Dan bagaimana peran lembaga pemilihan dalam merespon tuntutan demokratisasi ini?</p>
Perspektif Pertukaran Sosial dalam Perilaku Politik Masyarakat pada Pilkada Kota Malang 2013
Authors: Haliim Wimmy 
Published: September 2017

<p>This research tries to generate the surface related to the emergence of an interesting phenomenon on the people political behavior in Malang. It turns out that the results of the study, the researcher found four factors influenced the political behavior. They are exchange values of the family and psychological effect on political behavior, close relation towards the community and exchange of trust between candidates and voters, exchange of economy and its influence on political behavior and exchange of expectations changes from candidate to the people. This research shows that there are some factors which influence voters to vote the candidate. First, they who vote based on the family relation, on their figures. Then, apart from the two forms of behavior that have been mentioned earlier, because of the proximity of the candidate with the community and other rational reasons, such as money politics. These phenomena happened in every political behavior of community. As stated in social exchange theory, that is mentioned social interactions in various structures of society will occur if there is a mutual exchange, in the form of material or non-material.</p><p> </p>
Book Review: Cooper, John F. Taiwan Nation-State or Province? Boulder: Westview Press, 2009. 288 PP.
Authors: Rivai Ardian Bakhtiar 
Published: September 2017

<p>This article aims to describe about my analysis of Cooper (2009) perspective in how we understand Taiwan as identity. There are two perspective that to see Taiwan in recent day. First of all, for nation who believe One China Policy, they assume that Taiwan is a province of People Republic of China which is Taiwan is part of Beijing government. Secondly, for nation who do not believe it, they assume that Taiwan is independence identity, a nation identity, and also sovereign country which is separated from mainland China influences. In this discourse about how we understand Taiwan, this article is going to review from John F. Cooper which is in his book, Taiwan: nation state or province?. This book not only discuss how we can see Taiwan, however, how Taiwan in the future in political dynamic especially after US president Donald Trump who intent to support Taiwan as independence identity. </p>
TÜRKİYE’DE ALTYAPI YATIRIMLARININ EKONOMİK BÜYÜME AÇISINDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: KARACAN Rıdvan 
Published: September 2017

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de altyapı yatırımları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Gelişmişliğin bir göstergesi olan alt yapı çalışmalarının hemen her alanda yaygınlaştırılması gelişme yolunda Türkiye açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Aynı zamanda gelişmiş ülkelerin alt yapılarının sağlam olması kadar sürdürülebilir olması da bir o kadar önemlidir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada sırasıyla önce Türkiye’nin alt yapı sorunlarına, mevcut alt yapı durumuna, altyapıyla ilgili değişim ve gelişmelere yer verilmiş; sonra 1998-2015 yılları arasında gerçekleşen altyapı yatırımları ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkinin ampirik analizi yapılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda belirlenen dönem için Türkiye’de alt yapı harcamaları ile ekonomik büyüme (GSYH) arasında güçlü bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
POZİTİF VE NEGATİF DUYGULANIM VE İŞ DOYUMUNUN ÖRGÜTSEL ÖZDEŞLEŞMEYE ETKİSİ: OTEL ÇALIŞANLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA
Authors: AKŞİT AŞIK Nuran 
Published: September 2017

Bu araştırmanın temel amacı, pozitif ve negatif duygulanım ve iş doyumunun çalışanların örgütsel özdeşleşme düzeyini etkileyip etkilemediğini analiz etmektir. Bu doğrultuda, Alanya’da beş yıldızlı otellerde çalışan 403 kişiye anket uygulanmıştır. Çalışmada ”Pozitif ve Negatif Duygulanım Ölçeği”, “Minnesota İş Doyum Ölçeği” ve “Örgütsel Özdeşleşme Ölçeğinden” oluşan bir anket formu ölçüm aracı olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere istatistik paket programında Pearson korelasyonu ve regresyon analizleri uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda pozitif duygulanım ile iş doyumu ve örgütsel özdeşleşme arasında pozitif, negatif duygulanım ile iş doyumu ve örgütsel özdeşleşme arasında ise negatif ve anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda, pozitif ve negatif duygulanım ile iş doyumunun çalışanların örgütsel özdeşleşme düzeylerini anlamlı derecede etkilediği tespit edilmiştir. Bunun yanında, iş doyumunun örgütsel özdeşleşmeyi açıklama gücünün, pozitif ve negatif duygulanıma göre daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir.
HASTANE HİZMET KALİTESİNİN HASTA AİDİYETİ ÜZERİNE ETKİLERİ: YAPISAL EŞİTLİK MODELİ VE ARABULUCULUK
Authors: FİRUZAN Ali Rıza 
Published: September 2017

Bu çalışmanın amacı, hastaneden beklenen ve algılanan hizmet kalitesi düzeylerinin hastane aidiyetleri üzerindeki etkilerini ölçmektir. Toplamda 370 hasta araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Nedensel ilişki modelini test etmek için Yapısal Eşitlik Modelleme (YEM) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada ele alınan model, kabul edilebilir düzeyde uyumlu bir model olarak çıkmıştır. Hasta aidiyeti ile algılanan hizmet kalitesi arasında pozitif yönlü, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki çıkmıştır. Ayrıca, algılanan hizmet kalitesi, hasta aidiyeti ile beklenen hizmet kalitesi arasında arabuluculuk etkisine sahiptir. İlgili hastanede hastalar tedavi gördükten sonra algıladıkları hizmet kalitesinden etkilendikleri kadar tedavinin maliyetinden de etkilenmektedirler. Memnuniyetleri arttıkça aidiyetleri de artmaktadır. Hastane yönetimine, hasta aidiyetini arttırmaları için güvenilirlik ve güven SERVQUAL boyutlarını iyileştirici yönde faaliyet göstermeleri önerilmiştir.
Modulation of the gut microbiome: a systematic review of the effect of bariatric surgery
Authors: Guo Yan , Huang Zhi-Ping , Liu Chao-Qian , Qi Lin , Sheng Yuan , Zou Da-Jin 
Published: September 2017

Objective
Bariatric surgery is recommended for patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Recent evidence suggested a strong connection between gut microbiota and bariatric surgery.

Design
Systematic review.

Methods
The PubMed and OVID EMBASE were used, and articles concerning bariatric surgery and gut microbiota were screened. The main outcome measures were alterations of gut microbiota after bariatric surgery and correlations between gut microbiota and host metabolism. We applied the system of evidence level to evaluate the alteration of microbiota. Modulation of short-chain fatty acid and gut genetic content was also investigated.

Results
Totally 12 animal experiments and 9 clinical studies were included. Based on strong evidence, 4 phyla (Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia and Proteobacteria) increased after surgery; within the phylum Firmicutes, Lactobacillales and Enterococcus increased; and within the phylum Proteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, Enterobacteriales Enterobacteriaceae and several genera and species increased. Decreased microbial groups were Firmicutes, Clostridiales, Clostridiaceae, Blautia and Dorea. However, the change in microbial diversity is still under debate. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Lactobacillus and Coprococcus comes are implicated in many of the outcomes, including body composition and glucose homeostasis.

Conclusions
There is strong evidence to support a considerable alteration of the gut microbiome after bariatric surgery. Deeper investigations are required to confirm the mechanisms that link the gut microbiome and metabolic alterations in human metabolism.
Differential Expression of miRNAs in the Respiratory Tree of the Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus Under Hypoxia Stress
Authors: Huo Da , Sun Lina , Li Xiaoni , Ru Xiaoshang , Liu Shilin , Zhang Libin , Xing Lili , Yang Hongsheng 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The sea cucumber, an important economic species, has encountered high mortality since 2013 in northern China because of seasonal environmental stress such as hypoxia, high temperature, and low salinity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important in regulating gene expression in marine organisms in response to environmental change. In this study, high-throughput sequencing was used to investigate alterations in miRNA expression in the sea cucumber under different levels of dissolved oxygen (DO). Nine small RNA libraries were constructed from the sea cucumber respiratory trees. A total of 26 differentially expressed miRNAs, including 12 upregulated and 14 downregulated miRNAs, were observed in severe hypoxia (DO 2 mg/L) compared with mild hypoxia (DO 4 mg/L) and normoxic conditions (DO 8 mg/L). Twelve differentially expressed miRNAs were clustered in severe hypoxia. In addition, real-time PCR revealed that 14 randomly selected differentially expressed miRNAs showed significantly increased expressions in severe hypoxia and the expressions of nine miRNAs, including key miRNAs such as Aja-miR-1, Aja-miR-2008, and Aja-miR-184, were consistent with the sequencing results. Moreover, gene ontology and pathway analyses of putative target genes suggest that these miRNAs are important in redox, transport, transcription, and hydrolysis under hypoxia stress. Notably, novel-miR-1, novel-miR-2, and novel-miR-3 were specifically clustered and upregulated in severe hypoxia, which may provide new insights into novel “hypoxamiR” identification. These results will provide a basis for future studies of miRNA regulation and molecular adaptive mechanisms in sea cucumbers under hypoxia stress.
The Effect of Common Inversion Polymorphisms In(2L)t and In(3R)Mo on Patterns of Transcriptional Variation in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Lavington Erik , Kern Andrew D 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Chromosomal inversions are a ubiquitous feature of genetic variation. Theoretical models describe several mechanisms by which inversions can drive adaptation and be maintained as polymorphisms. While inversions have been shown previously to be under selection, or contain genetic variation under selection, the specific phenotypic consequences of inversions leading to their maintenance remain unclear. Here we use genomic sequence and expression data from the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP) to explore the effects of two cosmopolitan inversions, In(2L)t and In(3R)Mo, on patterns of transcriptional variation. We demonstrate that each inversion has a significant effect on transcript abundance for hundreds of genes across the genome. Inversion-affected loci (IAL) appear both within inversions as well as on unlinked chromosomes. Importantly, IAL do not appear to be influenced by the previously reported genome-wide expression correlation structure. We found that five genes involved with sterol uptake, four of which are Niemann-Pick Type 2 orthologs, are upregulated in flies with In(3R)Mo but do not have SNPs in linkage disequilibrium (LD) with the inversion. We speculate that this upregulation is driven by genetic variation in mod(mdg4) that is in LD with In(3R)Mo. We find that there is little evidence for a regional or position effect of inversions on gene expression at the chromosomal level, but do find evidence for the distal breakpoint of In(3R)Mo interrupting one gene and possibly disassociating the two flanking genes from regulatory elements.
Genome Dynamics of HybridSaccharomyces cerevisiaeDuring Vegetative and Meiotic Divisions
Authors: Dutta Abhishek , Lin Gen , Pankajam Ajith V , Chakraborty Parijat , Bhat Nahush , Steinmetz Lars M , Nishant Koodali T 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMutation and recombination are the major sources of genetic diversity in all organisms. In the baker’s yeast, all mutation rate estimates are in homozygous background. We determined the extent of genetic change through mutation and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in a heterozygous Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome during successive vegetative and meiotic divisions. We measured genome-wide LOH and base mutation rates during vegetative and meiotic divisions in a hybrid (S288c/YJM789) S. cerevisiae strain. The S288c/YJM789 hybrid showed nearly complete reduction in heterozygosity within 31 generations of meioses and improved spore viability. LOH in the meiotic lines was driven primarily by the mating of spores within the tetrad. The S288c/YJM789 hybrid lines propagated vegetatively for the same duration as the meiotic lines, showed variable LOH (from 2 to 3% and up to 35%). Two of the vegetative lines with extensive LOH showed frequent and large internal LOH tracts that suggest a high frequency of recombination repair. These results suggest significant LOH can occur in the S288c/YJM789 hybrid during vegetative propagation presumably due to return to growth events. The average base substitution rates for the vegetative lines (1.82 × 10−10 per base per division) and the meiotic lines (1.22 × 10−10 per base per division) are the first genome-wide mutation rate estimates for a hybrid yeast. This study therefore provides a novel context for the analysis of mutation rates (especially in the context of detecting LOH during vegetative divisions), compared to previous mutation accumulation studies in yeast that used homozygous backgrounds.
Genomic Prediction Within and Across Biparental Families: Means and Variances of Prediction Accuracy and Usefulness of Deterministic Equations
Authors: Schopp Pascal , Müller Dominik , Wientjes Yvonne C J , Melchinger Albrecht E 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
A major application of genomic prediction (GP) in plant breeding is the identification of superior inbred lines within families derived from biparental crosses. When models for various traits were trained within related or unrelated biparental families (BPFs), experimental studies found substantial variation in prediction accuracy (PA), but little is known about the underlying factors. We used SNP marker genotypes of inbred lines from either elite germplasm or landraces of maize (Zea mays L.) as parents to generate in silico 300 BPFs of doubled-haploid lines. We analyzed PA within each BPF for 50 simulated polygenic traits, using genomic best linear unbiased prediction (GBLUP) models trained with individuals from either full-sib (FSF), half-sib (HSF), or unrelated families (URF) for various sizes (Ntrain) of the training set and different heritabilities (h2). In addition, we modified two deterministic equations for forecasting PA to account for inbreeding and genetic variance unexplained by the training set. Averaged across traits, PA was high within FSF (0.41–0.97) with large variation only for Ntrain&lt;50 and h2 &lt;0.6. For HSF and URF, PA was on average ∼40–60% lower and varied substantially among different combinations of BPFs used for model training and prediction as well as different traits. As exemplified by HSF results, PA of across-family GP can be very low if causal variants not segregating in the training set account for a sizeable proportion of the genetic variance among predicted individuals. Deterministic equations accurately forecast the PA expected over many traits, yet cannot capture trait-specific deviations. We conclude that model training within BPFs generally yields stable PA, whereas a high level of uncertainty is encountered in across-family GP. Our study shows the extent of variation in PA that must be at least reckoned with in practice and offers a starting point for the design of training sets composed of multiple BPFs.
COMPORTAMENTO MECÂNICO DO COMPÓSITO PRFV QUANDO IMERSO EM ÁGUA DO MAR POR TEMPO PROLONGADO
Authors: Cunha Ricardo Alex Dantas da , Santos Jayna Kátia Dionísio , Felipe Renata Carla Tavares dos Santos , Felipe Raimundo Nonato Barbosa 
Published: September 2017

No setor industrial, materiais que apresentem bom desempenho mecânico atrelado com uma vida útil elevada e a uma boa relação custo/benefício vem a cada dia sendo mais procurado, diante disso, os materiais compósitos, dentre eles os compósitos poliméricos fibrosos estão a cada dia sendo mais utilizados, pois estes desempenham determinadas funções que os materiais convencionais não conseguem desempenhar. No entanto, em se tratando dos compósitos poliméricos é importante que se saiba de fato qual o comportamento que este material tem quando está em situações adversas como em contanto com os fluidos de processo ou até mesmo com calor. Desta forma, o objetivo dessa pesquisa foi desenvolver um compósito utilizando uma matriz polimérica de resina poliéster com reforço fibroso de manta de vidro-E, onde este foi imerso em água do mar por um período de 1460 dias. Os corpos de prova (CP’s) foram submetidos ao ensaio de tração uniaxial, buscando determinar resistência e módulo de tração. Feito isso, realizou-se um comparativo das propriedades mecânicas para todas as condições de ensaio como estado seco e água do mar. Além disso, foi caracterizada a fratura final dos CP’s para a condição de imersão. Ao término dos ensaios observou-se perda nas propriedades mecânicas para a condição de ensaio de tração após o período de imersão, porém esta perda não invalida o seu uso uma vez considerando estes parâmetros durante a elaboração do projeto estrutural.
Factors affecting the development of ventral incisional hernia post abdominal surgery: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Sidhu Ankur , Siedler Declan , Turner Richard 
Published: September 2017

Background: Ventral incisional hernia (VIH) is one of the most common post-operative complications following abdominal surgery. The objective of this study was to evaluate the rate and risk factors associated with development of a ventral incisional hernia (VIH).Methods: Patients who underwent major abdominal surgery between 2010 and 2012 at a single institution were included in this retrospective cohort study. Data were collected from medical records. The primary outcome was clinical or radiological evidence of incisional hernia; explanatory variables were patient demographics and potential clinico-pathological risk factors for hernia development.Results: A total of 295 patients who underwent laparotomy were analysed. 45 (15.25%) patients were found to have a ventral incisional hernia on follow-up. The median time to development of hernia was 351 days. There were equal numbers of elective (N=22) and emergency (N=23) operations that developed an incisional hernia. Of the explanatory variables considered diabetes, hypertension (HTN) and body mass index (BMI) had persistent significant positive associations with the development of an incisional hernia. On univariable analysis diabetes (HR = 2.73, p-value = 0.004) and hypertension (HR =2.17, p-value = 0.016) were identified as independent risk factors for hernia development. BMI was also significantly associated with development of an incisional hernia on univariate analysis, but due to missing data this did not reach statistical significance on multivariable analysis.Conclusions: Although there are several risk factors to development of VIH, diabetes and HTN were associated with development of incisional hernia in our study. BMI also appears to be an important determinant of development of VIH. Further research in this area is likely to identify an at-risk subset of patients, who may benefit from weight loss prior to surgery or prophylactic mesh post-laparotomy.
Cavity shave margins for breast conservative surgery
Authors: Gomaa Emad , Khalil Magdy , Roshdy Hamed Ahmed 
Published: September 2017

Background: 20-40% of patients have positive margins after partial mastectomy. Taking additional tissue circumferentially around the cavity left by partial mastectomy "cavity shave margins" may reduce the rate of positive margins. This review aims to evaluate the effect of routine excision of circumferential cavity shave margins after breast-conserving surgery.Methods: This randomized controlled trial had been conducted in General Surgery Department, Sohag Faculty of Medicine from January 2015 to April 2017. 40 patients with early breast cancer were candidates for partial mastectomy and randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to have either additional circumferential cavity shave margins or not.Results: The mean age of both groups were around 39 years (range 30-50 years). More than half of the cases fell in stage I, with a little more than 20% of them were in stage 0 and the rest in stage II at time of operation. Although cavity shave group had longer operative time, longer hospital stay, and higher amount of blood loss; all these showed non-significant difference between the two groups. The mean amount of resected volume was significantly higher among cavity shave group compared to non-cavity shave group. The percentage of positive margin reduced from 40% before shave to only 10% after shave margin.Conclusions: Cavity shaving resulted in significant reduction of the rates of positive margins and re-operation among patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery.