bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Children's experiences of living with a parent with mental illness: A systematic review of qualitative studies using thematic analysis
Authors: Yamamoto Rumi , Keogh Brian 
Published: August 2017

Accessible SummaryWhat is known about the subject?

There are many qualitative studies that explore what it is like for children who live with a parent who has a mental illness.

These studies are sometimes criticized because they have small sample sizes which limits their application.

What this paper adds to existing knowledge?

We conducted a systematic review of qualitative papers with an aim to strengthening our understanding of what it is like for children who live with a parent who has a mental illness.

We used stringent criteria to make sure that only the voices of children affected by parental mental illness were included in the review.

In addition, the paper presents a timely update on previous reviews completed in this area.

What are the implications for practice?

The findings of this review highlight the impact that parental mental illness has on children and the important role that mental health nurses can play in maximizing opportunities for building resilience in affected children.

Mental health nurses are in a key position to provide timely and age‐appropriate information and support to both parents and children to assist in the development of appropriate coping and support mechanisms.

AbstractIntroductionThis paper brings together what is known about what it is like for children who live with a parent with a mental illness with a view to strengthening our understanding of their experiences. This paper presents an update on previous reviews that were completed in this area and used a systematic approach and stringent inclusion/exclusion criteria to ensure that the voices of children were central in the included papers. A systematic review of this nature could not be located in the literature.AimsThis paper presents the findings of a systematic review which explored the experiences of children who were affected by parental mental illness.MethodsCINAHL, PubMed, PsychINFO, Pubmesh and EMBASE were searched for qualitative studies which explored children's experiences, and eight studies were included following review and quality appraisal. Pertinent data were extracted, coded and analysed using a thematic approach.ResultsFour themes emerged from the analytic process which described the children's understanding of mental illness, their relationship with their parents, their coping strategies and their social connections.Implications for PracticeMental health nurses need to recognize the psychosocial needs of children, and to acknowledge, the wider impact mental illness has of the family.
Evolution of novel mimicry rings facilitated by adaptive introgression in tropical butterflies
Authors: Enciso‐Romero Juan , Pardo‐Díaz Carolina , Martin Simon H. , Arias Carlos F. , Linares Mauricio , McMillan William Owen , Jiggins Chris D. , Salazar Camilo 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the genetic basis of phenotypic variation and the mechanisms involved in the evolution of adaptive novelty, especially in adaptive radiations, is a major goal in evolutionary biology. Here, we used whole‐genome sequence data to investigate the origin of the yellow hindwing bar in theHeliconius cydnoradiation. We found modular variation associated with hindwing phenotype in two narrow noncoding regions upstream and downstream of thecortexgene, which was recently identified as a pigmentation pattern controller in multiple species ofHeliconius. Genetic variation at each of these modules suggests an independent control of the dorsal and ventral hindwing patterning, with the upstream module associated with the ventral phenotype and the downstream module with the dorsal one. Furthermore, we detected introgression betweenH. cydnoand its closely related speciesHeliconius melpomenein these modules, likely allowing both species to participate in novel mimicry rings. In sum, our findings support the role of regulatory modularity coupled with adaptive introgression as an elegant mechanism by which novel phenotypic combinations can evolve and fuel an adaptive radiation.
Stomatal heterogeneity in responses to humidity and temperature: Testing a mechanistic model
Authors: Sweet Kathryn J. , Peak David , Mott Keith A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe role of stomatal heterogeneity in the response of stomatal conductance (gs) to the mole fraction difference in water vapour between the inside of the leaf and the ambient air (Δw) was determined using thermography and gas exchange for 3 species. The value of Δw for the leaf was varied in 2 different ways: first by varying air humidity while holding leaf temperature constant and second by varying leaf temperature while holding air humidity constant. Stomatal heterogeneity was explored by examining the response of gs in small areas of the leaf (as determined by thermography) and comparing them to each other and to the average value of gs (as determined by gas exchange). These analyses show that despite substantial heterogeneity in gs values, the response of gs to Δw was qualitatively similar in all areas of the leaf, and all responses of gs to Δw were well predicted by a recently proposed, vapour‐phase mechanism for stomatal responses to temperature and humidity. Remarkably, the 2 model parameters, Θ and Z, that depend on leaf anatomy were constant for a given species, and only the maximum conductance varied in different regions of the leaf.
The Effect of School Spending on Student Achievement: Addressing Biases in Value-Added Models
Authors: Nicoletti Cheti , Rabe Birgitta 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe estimation of education production models used to evaluate the effect of school inputs and past skills on test scores, often called value-added models, can be biased by three main econometric issues: unobserved child characteristics, unobserved family and school characteristics and measurement error. We propose a two-step estimation technique which exploits the availability of test scores across time, subjects, families and schools in a unique administrative data set for England to correct for these potential biases. Our empirical results suggest that omitting school characteristics biases the estimation of the effect of school expenditure, whereas omitting unobserved child endowment biases the estimation of the effect of past skills but not the effect of school expenditure.
Complete Genome Sequence of Citrobacter freundii Myophage Mijalis
Authors: Parvataneni Sruti , Mijalis Eleni M. , Kuty Everett Gabriel F. , Rasche Eric S. , Liu Mei , Gill Jason J. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Citrobacter freundii
is responsible for various opportunistic nosocomial infections. Phage therapies against
C. freundii
may prove useful in human medicine for treatment of infections caused by the ubiquitous bacteria. Here, we announce the complete genome sequence of the
C. freundii
Felix O1-like myophage Mijalis and present its features.
Genome Sequence of Human Papillomavirus Type 20, Strain HPV-20/Lancaster/2015
Authors: Atkinson Kate V. , Bishop Lisa A. , Rhodes Glenn , Salez Nicolas , McEwan Neil R. , Hegarty Matthew J. , Robey Julie , Harding Nicola , Wetherell Simon , Lauder Robert M. , Pickup Roger W. , Wilkinson Mark , Gatherer Derek 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

The genome sequence of human papillomavirus type 20 (HPV-20; family
Papillomaviridae
, genus
Betapapillomavirus
, species
Betapapillomavirus 1
, type 20) was assembled by deep sequencing from nasopharyngeal swabs. The assembled genome is 0.37% divergent over its full length from the single complete genome of HPV-20 in GenBank (U31778). We named the strain HPV-20/Lancaster/2015.
Draft Genome Sequence of Deinococcus indicus DR1, a Novel Strain Isolated from a Freshwater Wetland
Authors: Chauhan Deepika , Srivastava Pulkit Anupam , Yennamalli Ragothaman M. , Priyadarshini Richa 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Deinococcus indicus
strain DR1, a red-pigmented, arsenic- and radiation-resistant bacterium, was isolated from a water sample of the Dadri wetland, Uttar Pradesh, India. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of this strain, which may provide useful information regarding the genes and pathways involved in heavy-metal bioremediation.
Complete Genome Sequences of Four Coxsackievirus A16 Strains Isolated from Four Children with Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
Authors: Xu Shao-Jian , Yang Hong , Yao Xiang-Jie , Zhang Hai-Long , Ren Yan , Wu Wei , Meng Jun , Chen Hong-Biao , He Ya-Qing , Zhang Ren-Li , Lin Qi-Hui , Chen Long 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the complete genome sequences of four coxsackievirus A16 strains isolated from four children with severe hand, foot, and mouth disease. Three of them were assigned to subgenotype B1b based on phylogenetic analysis of the VP1 gene, and the other one belonged to subgenotype B1a.
Comparing optical coherence tomography radial and cube scan patterns for measuring Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) in glaucoma and healthy eyes: cross-sectional and longitudinal analysis
Authors: Kabbara Sami W , Zangwill Linda M , Mundae Rusdeep , Hammel Naama , Bowd Christopher , Medeiros Felipe A , Weinreb Robert N , Belghith Akram 
Published: August 2017

AimTo compare the cube and radial scan patterns of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) for quantifying the Bruch’s membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW).MethodsSixty healthy eyes and 189 glaucomatous eyes were included. The optic nerve head cube and radial pattern scans were acquired using Spectralis SD-OCT. BMO-MRWs were automatically delineated using the San Diego Automated Layer Segmentation Algorithm. The BMO-MRW diagnostic accuracy for glaucoma detection and rates of change derived from the two scan patterns were compared.ResultsThere was a significant difference between the baseline global BMO-MRW measurements of cube and radial scans for healthy (301.9±57.8 µm and 334.7±61.8 µm, respectively, p<0.003) and glaucoma eyes (181.2±63.0 µm and 210.2±67.2 µm, respectively, p<0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for differentiating between healthy and glaucoma eyes was 0.90 for both the radial scan-based and cube scan-based BMO-MRW. No significant difference in the rate of BMO-MRW change (mean follow-up years) by scan pattern was found among both healthy (cube: −1.47 µm/year, radial: −1.53 µm/year; p=0.48) (1.6 years) and glaucoma eyes (cube: −2.37 µm/year, radial: −2.28 µm/year; p=0.45) (2.6 years).ConclusionAlthough the cube scan-based BMO-MRW was significantly smaller than the radial scan-based BMO-MRW, we found no significant difference between the two scan patterns for detecting glaucoma, identifying BMO location and measuring the rate of BMO-MRW change. These results suggest that although BMO-MRW estimates are not interchangeable, both scan patterns can be used for monitoring BMO-MRW changes over time.
Epigenetic silencing of LPP/miR-28 in multiple myeloma
Authors: Li Zhenhai , Wong Kwan Yeung , Chan Godfrey Chi-fung , Chim Chor Sang 
Published: August 2017

AimsmiR-28-5- is a tumour suppressor microRNA implicated in cancers. As a CpG island is absent in miR-28-5- but present in its host gene, LPP (LIM domain containing preferred translocation partner in lipoma), we hypothesized that miR-28-5p is epigenetically silenced by promoter DNA methylation of its host gene in multiple myeloma.MethodsMethylation-specific PCR, verified by quantitative bisulfite pyrosequencing, was employed to study methylation of LPP/miR-28 in healthy controls (n=10), human myeloma cell lines (HMCLs) (n=15), and primary myeloma marrow samples at diagnosis (n=49) and at relapse (n=18). Quantitative reverse transcription PCR was used to investigate expression of miR-28-5p, LPP and CCND1.ResultsLPP/miR-28 was completely unmethylated in all healthy controls and 12 (80%) HMCLs, but partially methylated in three (20%) HMCLs. Methylation of LPP/miR-28 correlated with low expression of miR-285p (p=0.012) and LPP (p=0.037) in HMCLs. In RPMI-8226R cells, in which LPP/miR-28 was partially methylated, 5-AzadC treatment led to demethylation of LPP/miR-28 and re-expression of both miR-28-5p (p=0.0007) and LPP (p=0.0007), whereas continuous culture without 5-AzadC restored LPP/miR-28 methylation and reduced expression of both miR-28-5p (p=0.0013) and LPP (p=0.0025). Moreover, a known miR-28-5p target, CCND1, was expressed at higher levels in HMCLs with LPP/miR-28 methylation than those without, consistent with a tumour suppressor role of miR-28-5p in myeloma. However, in primary samples, LPP/miR-28 was methylated in two (4.1%) at diagnosis, whereas none at relapse.ConclusionsThis is the first report of epigenetic regulation of the intronic miR-28-5p expression by promoter DNA methylation of its host gene, hence warrants further study in different cancers.
Comparison of protein-based cell-of-origin classification to the Lymph2Cx RNA assay in a cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas in Malaysia
Authors: Phang Kean-Chang , Akhter Ariz , Tizen Nur Maya Sabrina , Rahman Faridah Abd , Zahratul Azma Raja , Elyamany Ghaleb , Shabani-Rad Meer-Taher , Masir Noraidah , Mansoor Adnan 
Published: August 2017

AimsThe cell of origin (COO) based molecular characterisation into germinal centre B-cell-like (GCB) and activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtypes are central to the pathogenesis and clinical course in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Globally, clinical laboratories employ pragmatic but less than ideal immunohistochemical (IHC) assay for COO classification. Novel RNA-based platforms using routine pathology samples are emerging as new gold standard and offer unique opportunities for assay standardisation for laboratories across the world. We evaluated our IHC protocols against RNA-based technologies to determine concordance; additionally, we gauged the impact of preanalytical variation on the performance of Lymph2Cx assay.MethodsDiagnostic biopsies (n=104) were examined for COO classification, employing automated RNA digital quantification assay (Lymph2Cx). Results were equated against IHC-based COO categorisation. Assay performance was assessed through its impact on overall survival (OS).Results96 (92%) informative samples were labelled as GCB (38/96; 40%) and non-GCB (58/96; 60%) by IHC evaluation. Lymph2Cx catalogued 36/96 (37%) samples as GCB, 45/96 (47%) as ABC and 15/96 (16%) as unclassified. Lymph2Cx being reference, IHC protocol revealed sensitivity of 81% for ABC and 75% for GCB categorisation and positive predictive value of 81% versus 82%, respectively. Lymph2Cx-based COO classification performed superior to Hans algorithm in predicting OS (log rank test, p=0.017 vs p=0.212).ConclusionsOur report show that current IHC-based protocols for COO classification of DLBCL at UKM Malaysia are in line with previously reported results and marked variation in preanalytical factors do not critically impact Lymph2Cx assay quality.
Perceptions of control and unrealistic optimism in early-phase cancer trials
Authors: Jansen Lynn A , Mahadevan Daruka , Appelbaum Paul S , Klein William M P , Weinstein Neil D , Mori Motomi , Degnin Catherine , Sulmasy Daniel P 
Published: August 2017

PurposeRecent research has found unrealistic optimism (UO) among patient-subjects in early-phase oncology trials. Our aim was to investigate the cognitive and motivational factors that evoke this bias in this context. We expected perceptions of control to be a strong correlate of unrealistic optimism.MethodsA study of patient-subjects enrolled in early-phase oncology trials was conducted at two sites in the USA. Respondents completed questionnaires designed to assess unrealistic optimism and several risk attribute variables that have been found to evoke the bias in other contexts.ResultsOne hundred and seventy-one patient-subjects agreed to be interviewed for our study. Significant levels of perceived controllability were found with respect to all nine research-related questions. Perceptions of control were found to predict unrealistic optimism. Two other risk attribute variables, awareness of indicators (p=0.024) and mental image (p=0.022), were correlated with unrealistic optimism. However, in multivariate regression analysis, awareness and mental image dropped out of the model and perceived controllability was the only factor independently associated with unrealistic optimism (p<0.0001).ConclusionPatient-subjects reported that they can, at least partially, control the benefits they receive from participating in an early-phase oncology trial. This sense of control may underlie unrealistic optimism about benefiting personally from trial participation. Effective interventions to counteract unrealistic optimism may need to address the psychological factors that give rise to distorted risk/benefit processing.
Predictors of Outcomes Following Fasciectomy for Dupuytren’s Disease in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients
Authors: Melamed Eitan , Beutel Bryan G. , Goldstein Shaul , Angel David 
Published: August 2017

Background: The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes, and identify predictors thereof, after fasciectomy for Dupuytren’s disease in a series of diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic patients. Methods: Thirty-eight patients were examined following partial palmar and/or digital fasciectomy for Dupuytren’s disease (11 diabetics, 27 non-diabetics). Each patient was assessed for degree of pre- and post-operative flexion contractures at the MCP and PIP joints, post-operative Patient Evaluation Measure (PEM) total score, post-operative grip strength, limited joint mobility (LJM), recurrence, extension, and a composite outcomes score based upon grip strength and the degree of joint contractures. All measurements in the diabetic cohort were compared to those in the non-diabetic group, and a logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the predictive value of several variables on outcomes. Results: Complication rates between the two groups were statistically similar (p = 0.67). There were no significant differences in pre-operative MCP (p = 0.69), post-operative MCP (p = 0.39), pre-operative PIP (p = 0.40), or post-operative PIP (p = 0.13) joint flexion contractures between the two groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in extension (p = 0.35) or recurrence (p~1) rates, post-operative grip strengths (p = 0.64), or PEM total scores (p = 0.32). However, the rate of LJM was significantly higher in the diabetic population (p = 0.02). Both female gender (p = 0.01) and a non-smoking status (p = 0.04) were found to be predictive of better outcomes following fasciectomy. Diabetes was not found to be an independent predictor of outcome (p = 0.73). Conclusions: Clinical results after fasciectomy for Dupuytren’s disease in diabetic patients are not different from results obtained in non-diabetic patients. Diabetes is not independently predictive of surgical outcomes. Female gender and non-smoking status are independent predictors of a better outcome following fasciectomy.
Impact of electrical defibrillation on infarct size and no-reflow in pigs subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion without and with ischemic conditioning
Authors: Skyschally Andreas , Amanakis Georgios , Neuhäuser Markus , Kleinbongard Petra , Heusch Gerd 
Published: August 2017

Ventricular fibrillation (VF) occurs frequently during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) and must then be terminated by electrical defibrillation. We have investigated the impact of VF/defibrillation on infarct size (IS) or area of no reflow (NR) without and with ischemic conditioning interventions. Anesthetized pigs were subjected to 60/180 min of coronary occlusion/reperfusion. VF, as identified from the ECG, was terminated by intrathoracic defibrillation. The area at risk (AAR), IS, and NR were determined by staining techniques (patent blue, triphenyltetrazolium chloride, and thioflavin-S). Four experimental protocols were analyzed: I/R ( n = 49), I/R with ischemic preconditioning (IPC; n = 22), I/R with ischemic postconditioning (POCO; n = 22), or I/R with remote IPC (RIPC; n = 34). The incidence of VF was not different between I/R (44%), IPC (45%), POCO (50%), and RIPC (33%). IS was reduced by IPC (23 ± 12% of AAR), POCO (31 ± 16%), and RIPC (22 ± 13%, all P < 0.05 vs. I/R: 41 ± 12%). NR was not different between protocols (I/R: 17 ± 15% of AAR, IPC: 15 ± 18%, POCO: 25 ± 16%, and RIPC: 18 ± 17%). In pigs with defibrillation, IS was 50% larger than in pigs without defibrillation but independent of the number of defibrillations. Analysis of covariance confirmed the established determinants of IS, i.e., AAR, residual blood flow during ischemia (RMBFi), and a conditioning protocol, and revealed VF/defibrillation as a novel covariate. VF/defibrillation in turn was associated with larger AAR and lower RMBFi. Lack of dose-response relation between IS and the number of defibrillations excluded direct electrical injury as the cause of increased IS. Obviously, AAR size and RMBFi account for both IS and the incidence of VF. IS and NR are mechanistically distinct phenomena. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Ventricular fibrillation/defibrillation is associated with increased infarct size. Electrical injury is unlikely the cause of such association, since there is no dose-response relation between infarct size and number of defibrillations. Ventricular fibrillation, in turn, is associated with a larger area at risk and lower residual blood flow.
Modulation of mesenteric collecting lymphatic contractions by σ1-receptor activation and nitric oxide production
Authors: Trujillo Andrea N. , Katnik Christopher , Cuevas Javier , Cha Byeong Jake , Taylor-Clark Thomas E. , Breslin Jerome W. 
Published: August 2017

Recently, it has been reported that a σ-receptor antagonist could reduce inflammation-induced edema. Lymphatic vessels play an essential role in removing excess interstitial fluid. We tested the hypothesis that activation of σ-receptors would reduce or weaken collecting lymphatic contractions. We used isolated, cannulated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatic vessels to study contractions in response to the σ-receptor agonist afobazole in the absence and presence of different σ-receptor antagonists. We used RT-PCR and Western blot analysis to investigate whether these vessels express the σ1-receptor and immunofluorescence confocal microscopy to examine localization of the σ1-receptor in the collecting lymphatic wall. Using N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) pretreatment before afobazole in isolated lymphatics, we tested the role of nitric oxide (NO) signaling. Finally, we used 4-amino-5-methylamino-2′,7′-difluorofluorescein diacetate fluorescence as an indicator to test whether afobazole increases NO release in cultured lymphatic endothelial cells. Our results show that afobazole (50–150 µM) elevated end-systolic diameter and generally reduced pump efficiency and that this response could be partially blocked by the σ1-receptor antagonists BD 1047 and BD 1063 but not by the σ2-receptor antagonist SM-21. σ1-Receptor mRNA and protein were detected in lysates from isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. Confocal images with anti-σ1-receptor antibody labeling suggested localization in the lymphatic endothelium. Blockade of NO synthases with l-NAME inhibited the effects of afobazole. Finally, afobazole elicited increases in NO production from cultured lymphatic endothelial cells. Our findings suggest that the σ1-receptor limits collecting lymphatic pumping through a NO-dependent mechanism. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Relatively little is known about the mechanisms that govern contractions of lymphatic vessels. σ1-Receptor activation has been shown to reduce the fractional pump flow of isolated rat mesenteric collecting lymphatics. The σ1-receptor was localized mainly in the endothelium, and blockade of nitric oxide synthase inhibited the effects of afobazole.