bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ultra‐early stage lower‐grade gliomas: How can we define and differentiate these easily misdiagnosed gliomas through intraoperative molecular diagnosis
Authors: Han Zhe , Wang Qingtong , Li Jia , Chi Huizhong , Ma Caizhi , Jia Deze , Qi Mei , Li Xueen , Zhang Kailiang , Feng Zichao , Xue Hao , Li Gang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSome lower‐grade gliomas (LGG) are difficult to distinguish morphologically from glial cell proliferation or inflammatory changes during surgery, leading to a high risk of incorrect diagnosis. It is crucial to differentiate between the two for making surgical decisions. We define these critical cases as “ultra early stage lower‐grade gliomas (UES‐LGG)”.MethodsWe analyzed 11 out of 13 cases diagnosed with “gliosis” or “inflammatory changes” during surgery who tested positive for isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH). Additionally, we conducted qRT‐PCR detection on 35 samples diagnosed with LGG during surgery and analyzed their DNA content within an effective circulating threshold range to infer the critical value between UES‐LGG and LGG. We conducted experiments using five standardized samples to infer the limited range of accurate detection of UES‐LGG during surgery.ResultsIn the comparative analysis of 11 samples and 35 samples, it was found that while there was no significant difference in the average DNA detection concentration between the two groups (159.36 ± 83.3 ng/μL and 146.83 ± 122.43 ng/μL), there was a notable statistical variance in the detection threshold for positive mutations (31.78 ± 1.14 and 26.14 ± 2.69, respectively). This suggests that the IDH mutation rate may serve as an indicator for differentiation between the two groups. Subsequently, DNA was extracted from standardized IDH mutant samples and subjected to gradient dilution for detection purposes. The results indicated a consistent increase in detection threshold as detection concentration decreased. When the detection concentration fell below <0.1 ng/μL, it became impossible to carry out effective threshold range detections. To further identify the precise detection interval, we conducted gradient division once again and sought to simulate the functional relationship between DNA copy number and cycle threshold within this interval. The research revealed that when the minimum detection concentration exceeded 250 copies/μL, a 100% detection rate could be achieved.ConclusionsThis article defines UES‐LGG as a tumor type easily misdiagnosed in clinical practice due to its extremely low positivity rate during surgery. The popularization of qRT‐PCR based intraoperative molecular diagnosis greatly reduces errors caused by manual detection and improves disease detection rates during surgery. It provides a theoretical basis for more accurate surgical plans for surgeons.
Efficacy and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as an Add‐On Trial Treatment for Acute Bipolar Depression Patients With Suicidal Ideation
Authors: Wang Dandan , Guo Xiaonan , Huang Qi , Wang Zhong , Chen Jingkai , Hu Shaohua 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsBipolar depression poses an overwhelming suicide risk. We aimed to examine the efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) combined with quetiapine in bipolar patients as a suicidal intervention.MethodsIn a single‐center, double‐blind, treatment‐naive bipolar depression patients with suicidal ideation were randomly assigned to quetiapine in combination with either active (n = 16) or sham (n = 15) tDCS over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex for three consecutive weeks. The 30‐min, 2‐mA tDCS was conducted twice a day on the weekday of the first week and then once a day on the weekdays of the two following weeks. Primary efficacy outcome measure was the change in the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI). Secondary outcomes included changes on the 17‐item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS‐17) and Montgomery‐Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Outcome was evaluated on Day 3 and weekend. Safety outcome was based on the reported adverse reactions.ResultsActive tDCS was superior to sham tDCS on the BSSI at Day 3 and tended to sustain every weekend during the treatment process, compared to baseline. However, no difference between active and sham in HDRS‐17 and MADRS was found. Response and remission rate also supported the antisuicide effect of tDCS, with higher response and remission rate in BSSI, but no antidepressant effect, compared to sham, over time. Regarding safety, active tDCS was well tolerated and all the adverse reactions reported were mild and limited to transient scalp discomfort.ConclusionThe tDCS was effective as an antisuicide treatment for acute bipolar depression patients with suicidal ideation, with minimal side effects reported.
Implementation of music in the perioperative standard care of colorectal surgery (IMPROVE study)
Authors: Kakar Ellaha , van Ruler Oddeke , Hoogteijling Bas , de Graaf Eelco J. R. , Ista Erwin , Lange Johan F. , Jeekel Johannes , Klimek Markus 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimPatients undergoing surgery experience perioperative anxiety and pain. Music has been shown to reduce perioperative anxiety, pain and medication requirement. This study assessed the feasibility and effectiveness of implementing a perioperative music intervention.MethodA prospective pre‐ and post‐implementation pilot study was conducted to assess adherence to the intervention and the initial effect of music on postoperative pain scores (Numerical Rating Scale, 0–10) compared to a control group. Secondary outcomes encompassed pain scores throughout hospital admission, anxiety levels, medication usage, complications and hospital stay length.ResultsAdherence to the music intervention was preoperative 95.2%, intraoperative 95.7%, postoperative 31.9% and overall 29.7%. The intervention did influence postoperative pain. Patient's willingness to receive music was high (73%), they appreciated the intervention (median 8.0, interquartile range 7.0–9.0) and healthcare professionals were willing to apply the intervention. Music significantly reduced postoperative anxiety (2.0 vs. 3.0, p = 0.02) and the consumption of benzodiazepines on the first postoperative day (number of patients: zero [0%] vs. five [10%], p = 0.04).ConclusionImplementation of music resulted in reduced postoperative anxiety and decreased consumption of benzodiazepines, and the strategy was feasible, but adjustments are needed to improve postoperative adherence. Both patients and healthcare professionals had a positive attitude towards the intervention.
Noninvasive Assessment in Takotsubo Syndrome: A Diagnostic Challenge
Authors: Amicone Sara , Impellizzeri Andrea , Tattilo Francesco Pio , Ryabenko Khrystyna , Asta Claudio , Belà Rebecca , Suma Nicole , Canton Lisa , Fedele Damiano , Bertolini Davide , Bodega Francesca , Cavallo Daniele , Marinelli Virginia , Ciarlantini Mariachiara , Pastore Giuseppe , Iuorio Ornella Di , Alvarez Marcello Casuso , Bavuso Leonardo Luca , Salerno Jessica , Vasumini Nicolò , Maida Angelo , Armillotta Matteo , Angeli Francesco , Sansonetti Angelo , Bergamaschi Luca , Foà Alberto , Squeri Angelo , Dall'Ara Gianni , Pizzi Carmine 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTakotsubo syndrome (TTS) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a transient left ventricular dysfunction whose diagnosis can be challenging due to its resemblance to acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Despite the growing recognition of TTS, acute complications and long‐term mortality rates are comparable to those observed in AMI patients. In this context, a systematic diagnostic approach is imperative for an accurate patient assessment, with due consideration of the distinctive characteristics and optimal timing of each imaging modality. Coronary angiography with ventriculography may be reserved for cases presenting with ST‐segment elevation, whereas in all other cases, the use of multimodality noninvasive imaging allows for a comprehensive evaluation of typical diagnostic features and detection of acute complications while also providing prognostic insights. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current research on non‐invasive modalities and to propose a diagnostic algorithm that will facilitate the identification and management of TTS.
Extending Species‐Area Relationships Into the Realm of Ecoacoustics: The Soundscape‐Area Relationship
Authors: Luypaert Thomas , Bueno Anderson S. , Haugaasen Torbjørn , Peres Carlos A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe rise in species richness with area is one of the few ironclad ecological relationships. Yet, little is known about the spatial scaling of alternative dimensions of diversity. Here, we provide empirical evidence for a relationship between the richness of acoustic traits emanating from a landscape, or soundscape richness, and island area, which we term the SoundScape‐Area Relationship (SSAR). We show a positive relationship between the gamma soundscape richness and island area. This relationship breaks down at the smallest spatial scales, indicating a small‐island effect. Moreover, we demonstrate a positive spatial scaling of the plot‐scale alpha soundscape richness, but not the beta soundscape turnover, suggesting a direct effect of species on acoustic trait diversity. We conclude that the general scaling of biodiversity can be extended into the realm of ecoacoustics, implying soundscape metrics are sensitive to fundamental ecological patterns and useful in disentangling their complex mechanistic drivers.
Exponential or Unimodal Relationships Between Nighttime Ecosystem Respiration and Temperature at the Eddy Covariance Flux Tower Sites
Authors: Meng Cheng , Xiao Xiangming , Wagle Pradeep , Zhang Chenchen , Pan Li , Pan Baihong , Qin Yuanwei , Newman Gregory S. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTEcosystem respiration is a key flux in the terrestrial carbon cycle and is affected substantially by temperature. This work analysed the time series data of nighttime net ecosystem exchange of carbon dioxide (NEEnight) from 196 FLUXNET2015 sites to re‐evaluate the relationships between NEEnight and temperature. A total of 93 sites (48%) were identified to have a unimodal relationship between NEEnight and temperature. Site‐specific apparent optimum temperature parameters were then estimated at these sites. We further assessed the impacts of using exponential or unimodal equations on NEEnight predictions. The predicted NEEnight values at high temperatures were substantially higher from the exponential‐type equations (mean: ~200%) than from the unimodal equation (mean: ~30%), compared to the observed NEEnight. This study calls for using a unimodal equation to predict NEEnight (often considered as nighttime ecosystem respiration, ERnight), which could substantially improve the accuracy and reduce uncertainty in ER estimates, in particular under the scenario of global warming.
Neonicotinoids Impact All Aspects of Bird Life: A Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Molenaar Elke , Viechtbauer Wolfgang , van de Crommenacker Janske , Kingma Sjouke A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWorldwide, bird populations are declining dramatically. This is especially the case in intensely used agricultural areas where the application of neonicotinoid insecticides is thought to—unintendedly—cause a cascade of negative impacts throughout food webs. Additionally, there could be direct (sub‐) lethal impacts of neonicotinoids on birds, but to date there is no comprehensive quantitative assessment to confirm or rule out this possibility. Therefore, we use a meta‐analytical approach synthesising 1612 effect sizes from 49 studies and show that neonicotinoids consistently harm bird health, behaviour, reproduction, and survival. Thus, in addition to reduced food availability, the negative direct effects of exposure to neonicotinoids likely contribute to bird population declines globally. Our outcomes are pivotal to consider in future risk assessments and pesticide policy: despite localised bans, the metabolites and residues of neonicotinoids remain present in the environment and in birds and will thus have long‐lasting direct effects on both the individual and the population levels.
One‐year follow‐up of neurobehavioral therapy in functional seizures or epilepsy with traumatic brain injury: A nonrandomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Patten Ryan , Blum Andrew , Correia Stephen , Philip Noah S. , Allendorfer Jane B. , Gaston Tyler E. , Goodman Adam , Grayson Leslie P. , Tocco Krista , Vogel Valerie , Martin Amber , Fry Samantha , Bolding Mark , Ver Hoef Lawrence , Baird Grayson L. , Szaflarski Jerzy P. , LaFrance W. Curt 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivePatients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) often present with seizures (functional and/or epileptic), but treatments for patients with TBI and seizures are limited. We examined treatment phase and 1‐year post‐enrollment outcomes following neurobehavioral therapy (NBT) for patients with TBI + functional seizures (FS) and TBI + epilepsy.MethodsIn this multicenter, prospective, three‐group, nonrandomized, controlled trial, with 1‐year post‐enrollment follow‐up, three cohorts of adults were recruited: TBI + video‐electroencephalography (EEG)‐confirmed FS (n = 89), TBI + EEG‐confirmed epilepsy (n = 29), and chart/history‐confirmed TBI without seizures (n = 75). Exclusion criteria were recent psychotic or self‐injurious behavior, current suicidal ideation, pending litigation or long‐term disability, active substance use disorder, and inability to participate in study procedures. TBI + FS and TBI + epilepsy groups completed NBT for seizures, an evidence‐based, 12‐session, multimodal psychotherapy, whereas TBI without seizures participants received standard medical care. The primary outcome was change in seizure frequency; secondary outcomes were changes in mental health, TBI‐related symptoms, disability, and quality of life.ResultsReductions in average monthly seizures occurred during treatment in TBI + FS participants (p = .002) and were significant from baseline (mean = 16.75; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 11.44–24.53) to 12 months post‐enrollment (mean = 7.28, 95% CI = 4.37–12.13, p = .002, d = .38). Monthly seizures decreased during treatment in TBI + epilepsy participants (p = .002); reductions were not statistically significant from baseline (mean = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.12–5.04) to 12‐month postenrollment (mean = .98, 95% CI = .40–2.42, p = .07, d = .22). Regarding treatment‐phase changes in secondary outcome measures, TBI + FS participants improved significantly on 10 of 19 variables (52.6%), TBI + epilepsy participants improved on five of 19 (26.3%), and TBI‐only comparisons improved on only one of 19 (5.3%).SignificanceNBT benefited patients with TBI + FS and TBI + epilepsy. Improvements were demonstrated at 1 year post‐enrollment in those with TBI + FS. NBT may be a clinically useful treatment for patients with seizures.
Quantitative Synthesis of Microbe‐Driven Acclimation and Adaptation in Wild Vertebrates
Authors: Martin Bideguren Garazi , Razgour Orly , Alberdi Antton 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTMicroorganisms associated with animals harbour a unique set of functional traits pivotal for the normal functioning of their hosts. This realisation has led researchers to hypothesise that animal‐associated microbial communities may boost the capacity of their hosts to acclimatise and adapt to environmental changes, two eco‐evolutionary processes with significant applied relevance. Aiming to assess the importance of microorganisms for wild vertebrate conservation, we conducted a quantitative systematic review to evaluate the scientific evidence for the contribution of gut microorganisms to the acclimation and adaptation capacity of wild vertebrate hosts. After screening 1974 publications, we scrutinised the 109 studies that met the inclusion criteria based on 10 metrics encompassing study design, methodology and reproducibility. We found that the studies published so far were not able to resolve the contribution of gut microorganisms due to insufficient study design and research methods for addressing the hypothesis. Our findings underscore the limited application to date of microbiome knowledge in vertebrate conservation and management, highlighting the need for a paradigm shift in research approaches. Considering these results, we advocate for a shift from observational studies to experimental manipulations, where fitness or related indicators are measured, coupled with an update in molecular techniques used to analyse microbial functions. In addition, closer collaboration with conservation managers and practitioners from the inception of the project is needed to encourage meaningful application of microbiome knowledge in adaptive wildlife conservation management.
Field Assessment of Biochar Interactions With Chemical and Biological N Fertilization in Pointed White Cabbage
Authors: Castejón‐del Pino Raúl , Cayuela María L. , Sánchez‐García María , Siles Jose A. , Sánchez‐Monedero Miguel A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe interaction of biochar with mineral fertilization has attracted attention as a strategy to reduce N losses and enhance nitrogen use efficiency. In this study, we investigated the coapplication of biochar with two optimized fertilization strategies based on split urea and a microbial inoculant (Azospirillum brasilense) in a commercial pointed white cabbage crop. Additionally, we evaluated a third optimized N fertilization alternative, a biochar‐based fertilizer (BBF) enriched in plant‐available N, which was developed from the same biochar. We assessed environmental impacts such as greenhouse gasses (GHG) and NH3 emissions, yield‐scaled N2O emissions, and global warming potential (GWP). Additionally, we evaluated agronomical outcomes such as crop yield, plant N, and chlorophyll concentration. Moreover, we examined the N‐fixing gene's total and relative abundance (nifH and nifH/16S). Biochar and BBF exhibited similar crop yield, GHG, and NH3 emissions compared to split applications of the synthetic fertilizer. The main difference was associated with the higher soil C sequestration in biochar and BBF treatments that reduced the associated GWP of these fertilization strategies. Finally, biochar favored the activity of the N‐fixing bacteria spread, compared to the sole application of bacteria and BBF demonstrated a promoting effect in the soil's total abundance of natural N‐fixing bacteria.
Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis: Bismuth Enhances the Efficacy for Eradication of Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Reum Choe A , Tae Chung Hyun , Choi Miyoung , Shim Ki‐Nam , Jung Hye‐Kyung 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn the eradication of Helicobacter pylori, the efficacy of bismuth remains inconclusive. We aimed to compare the efficacy of bismuth on various H. pylori eradication regimens.MethodsRandomized controlled trials were collected to compare the efficacy of bismuth to nonbismuth regimens in H. pylori eradication. We pooled information to study eradication, adverse events, and drug compliance. In addition, subgroup analyses for eradication efficacy were performed according to high or low clarithromycin‐resistance area, bismuth drug form, and amount of bismuth element.ResultsRecords for a total of 2506 patients in 15 trials from 13 randomized controlled studies were included. The eradication of H. pylori was superior when bismuth compared to nonbismuth regimen (odds ratio [OR] = 1.63, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.33–2.00 in intention‐to‐treat [ITT]; OR = 2.05, 95% CI, 1.58–2.68 in per‐protocol [PP] analyses), without significant difference in drug compliance or adverse events. Bismuth regimens in the high clarithromycin resistance area tend to enhance the eradication rate (OR = 1.66, 95% CI, 1.34–2.05 in ITT; OR = 2.22, 95% CI, 1.67–2.95 in PP analyses). Bismuth potassium citrate and bismuth subcitrate were more effective drug forms in regard to eradication rate. Bismuth at a dosage of < 500 mg/day was significantly higher for the eradication rate.ConclusionsBismuth to the H. pylori eradication regimens achieve a higher eradication rate, especially in the high clarithromycin resistance area. It could be an eradication option achieving sufficient resistance rates without increasing antibiotic resistance, side effects, or poor compliance.
Efficacy of Bismuth Therapy in Eradicating Helicobacter pylori in Children—Data From the RENIHp Registry
Authors: Botija Gonzalo , Galicia Gonzalo , Martínez Beatriz , Cuadrado Carmen , Soria Marta , Fernández Sonia , Urruzuno Pedro , Cilleruelo María‐Luz ,   SEGHNP H. pylori Working Group
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of colloidal bismuth subcitrate (CBS) therapy for the eradication of H. pylori in patients from a national pediatric registry of H. pylori infection.MethodsThe Spanish Registry of Children with H. pylori Infection (RENIHp) is a national, multi‐center, prospective, non‐interventional registry that includes children aged 5–18 years with H. pylori infection diagnosed by endoscopy. All patients in the registry who were treated with CBS between the period 2020 and 2023 were included in this study. The primary outcome was the eradication rate, which was assessed using a 13C‐urea breath test or monoclonal antigen in the stool 6–8 weeks post‐treatment.ResultsThe registry included 682 patients, 38 (5.6%) of whom underwent treatment with CBS. Fifty percent (19/38) of patients had previously undergone unsuccessful eradication treatment. In 78.9% (30/38) of patients, treatment was guided by an antibiotic sensitivity test. In the remaining patients, an empirical approach was employed. The CBS therapies used were as follows: quadruple therapy with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), CBS, amoxicillin, and metronidazole (MET) [18/38 (47.3%)]; quadruple therapy with PPIs, CBS, tetracycline, and MET [13/38 (34.2%)]; and other therapies [7/38 (18.4%)]. Thirty‐two patients (84.2%) treated with CBS were followed‐up with eradication monitoring. The overall eradication rate in patients treated with CBS was 93.8% (30/32, [95% CI: 85.4%–100%]), whereas it was 86.7% in patients in the registry who were not on CBS treatment (430/496, [95% CI: 83.3%–89.5%], p = 0.208). In the six patients with dual resistance to clarithromycin (CLA) and MET who were treated with quadruple therapy with CBS, the eradication rate was 100% (n = 6/6, [95% CI: 61.0%–100%]).ConclusionCBS therapies in our registry, although only used in selected cases and at lower than recommended levels, were very effective and showed an eradication rate of > 90%.
Doing transdisciplinary research in Guyana's prisons
Authors: Ayres Tammy Colleen , Levine Diane , Anderson Clare , Moss Kellie , Kerrigan Dylan , Ifill Mellissa , Adams Estherine , Austin Nelroy , Cameron Queenela , Halliwell Martin , Jackson Shammane , Pilgrim Kevin , Toner Deborah , Warren Kristy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis article reflects on the research process that underpinned the ESRC GCRF project ‘Mental Health, Neurological and Substance Abuse Disorders in Guyana's Jails: 1825 to the present day’. Introducing readers to a transdisciplinary team comprised of academics and practitioners, in what follows we think through how the methods of the research underpinned the production of the data used in this special issue. The article highlights the emotional labour and ethics of care among the team, and the benefits of transdisciplinary research and the mutual recipriocity and learning that took place between academics and prison staff. The goal of the project was to create equitable and ethical partnerships, and this contributed to the success of this research in terms of findings, data, and real‐world impact.