bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Orthogeriatric Combined Management of Elderly Patients With Proximal Femoral Fracture: Results of a 1-Year Follow-Up
Authors: Förch Stefan , Kretschmer Reiner , Haufe Thomas , Plath Johannes , Mayr Edgar 
Published: May 2017

Introduction: According to the expected demographical changes, the number of elderly trauma patients will increase exponentially over the next decades. Different models of an interdisciplinary orthogeriatric care have been developed. But there is only limited evaluation of their benefit without clear and evidence-based results. In 2011, we monitored the results of our orthogeriatric combined management by conducting a 1-year follow-up. Methods: We treated 231 patients presenting a proximal femoral fracture on our orthogeriatric ward. We obtained the epidemiological data and the geriatric assessments from all these patients. One year after discharge, we sent them a written questionnaire. Primary end points were the mortality and the functional outcome, measured by Barthel score, the requirement of care, and the residential status. Results: One hundred sixty-seven (72%) of the 231 patients completed the follow-up. The average age at admission was 81.5 years (70-99 years). The mortality rate was 2.4% during hospital stay and 31.4% after 1 year. The average Barthel score was 44 points at the time of admission, 55 points at discharge, and 72 points after 1 year. Forty-five percent of the patients were in requirement of care at the time of their admission. At the 1-year follow-up, 63% of the patients had some form of care, thus showing an increase of 18%. At the moment of the fracture, 77% of the patients were living in their own home and 23% in a nursing home. After 1 year, the surviving patients show nearly unchanged conditions (75% own home vs 25% nursing home). Eighty-six percent of the patients coming from their own home were able to continue living there independently. Conclusion: The orthogeriatric care is successful in reducing the short-time mortality without showing any effect on 1-year mortality. But the surviving patients seem to benefit from an improved functional outcome.
ATG vs thiotepa with busulfan and cyclophosphamide in matched-related bone marrow transplantation for thalassemia
Authors: Faulkner Lawrence , Uderzo Cornelio , Khalid Sadaf , Marwah Priya , Soni Rajpreet , Yaqub Naila , Amanat Samina , Fatima Itrat , Gilani Sarah Khan , Zahra Tatheer , Ramprakash Stalin , Gooneratne Lallindra , Dissanayake Ruwangi , Williams Senani , Rathnayake Wasantha , Srinivas Reshma , Sedai Amit , Kumari Ankita , Parmar Lailith , Dhanya Rakesh , Agarwal Rajat Kumar 
Published: May 2017

Key PointsIn low-risk BMT for thalassemia, ATG-BuCy seems as effective as Tt-BuCy in the prevention of rejection and may decrease transplant-related mortality.
Burden and health-related quality of life of eating disorders, including Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), in the Australian population
Authors: Hay Phillipa , Mitchison Deborah , Collado Abraham Ernesto Lopez , González-Chica David Alejandro , Stocks Nigel , Touyz Stephen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the epidemiology and health related quality of life (HRQoL) of the new DSM-5 diagnoses, Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) in the Australian population. We aimed to investigate the prevalance and burden of these disorders.MethodsWe conducted two sequential population-based surveys including individuals aged over 15 years who were interviewed in 2014 (n = 2732) and 2015 (n=3005). Demographic information and diagnostic features of DSM-5 eating disorders were asked including the occurrence of regular (at least weekly over the past 3 months) objective binge eating ﻿with levels of distress﻿, extreme dietary restriction/fasting for weight/shape control, purging behaviors, overvaluation of shape and/or weight, and the presence of an avoidant/restrictive food intake without overvaluation of shape and/or weight. In 2014 functional impact or role performance was measured with the ‘days out of role’ question and in 2015, Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) was assessed with the Short Form −12 item questionnaire (SF-12v1).ResultsThe 2014 and 2015 3-month prevalence of eating disorders were: anorexia nervosa-broad 0.4% (95% CI 0.2–0.7) and 0.5% (0.3–0.9); bulimia nervosa 1.1% (0.7–1.5) and 1.2% (0.9–1.7); ARFID 0.3% (0.1–0.5) and 0.3% (0.2–0.6). The 2015 3-month prevalence rates were: BED-broad 1.5% (1.1–2.0); Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorder (OSFED) 3.2 (2.6–3.9); and Unspecified Feeding or Eating Disorder (UFED) 10.4% (0.9–11.5). Most people with OSFED had atypical anorexia nervosa and majority with UFED were characterised by having recurrent binge eating without marked distress. Eating disorders were represented throughout sociodemographic groups and those with bulimia nervosa and BED-broad had mean weight (BMI, kg/m2) in the obese range. Mental HRQoL was poor in all eating disorder groups but particularly poor for those with BED-broad and ARFID. Individuals with bulimia nervosa, BED-broad and OSFED-Purging Disorder also had poor physical HRQoL. ARFID and bulimia nervosa groups had lower role performance than those without an eating disorder.ConclusionsWhilst full spectrum eating disorders, including ARFID, were less common than OSFED or UFED, they were associated with poor mental HRQoL and significant functional impairment. The present study supports the movement of eating disorders in to broader socio demographic groups including men, socio-economic disadvantaged groups and those with obesity.
Dietary, nondigestible oligosaccharides andBifidobacterium breveM-16V suppress allergic inflammation in intestine via targeting dendritic cell maturation
Authors: de Kivit Sander , Kostadinova Atanaska I , Kerperien JoAnn , Morgan Mary E , Muruzabal Veronica Ayechu , Hofman Gerard A , Knippels Leon M J , Kraneveld Aletta D , Garssen Johan , Willemsen Linette E M 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDietary intervention with short-chain galacto-oligosaccharides (scGOS), long-chain fructo-oligosaccharides (lcFOS) and Bifidobacterium breve M-16V (Bb) (GF/Bb) suppresses food allergic symptoms in mice, potentially via intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)–derived galectin-9. Furthermore, in vitro studies showed galacto- and fructo-oligosaccharides (GF) to enhance the immunomodulatory capacity of a TLR9 ligand representing bacterial CpG DNA when exposed to IEC. In this study, we investigated whether GF/Bb modulates dendritic cells (DCs) and subsequent Th2 and regulatory T cell (Treg) frequency in the small intestinal lamina propria (SI-LP). BALB/c mice were fed GF/Bb during oral OVA sensitization. DC and T cell phenotype were determined in SI-LP mononuclear cells using flow cytometry. Murine bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) were exposed to recombinant galectin-9 or human monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) and were cultured in IEC-conditioned medium from GF and TLR9 ligand-exposed HT-29 cells. GF/Bb reduced allergic symptoms and enhanced serum galectin-9 levels, while suppressing activation, restoring phagocytic capacity, and normalizing CD103 expression of SI-LP DCs of OVA-allergic mice. In vitro, galectin-9 suppressed LPS-induced activation markers and cytokine secretion by BMDCs, and IEC-conditioned medium suppressed moDC activation in a galectin-9–dependent manner. Besides suppression of SI-LP DC activation, dietary GF/Bb also lowered the frequency of activated Th2 cells, while enhancing Treg in the SI-LP of OVA-allergic mice compared to the control diet. Dietary intervention with GF/Bb enhances galectin-9 and suppresses allergic symptoms of OVA-allergic mice in association with reduced intestinal DC and Th2 activation and increased Treg frequency in these mice.
Quality of Breast Cancer Treatment at a Rural Cancer Center in Rwanda
Authors: O’Neil Daniel S. , Keating Nancy L. , Dusengimana Jean Marie V. , Hategekimana Vedaste , Umwizera Aline , Mpunga Tharcisse , Shulman Lawrence N. , Pace Lydia E. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose As breast cancer incidence and mortality rise in sub-Saharan Africa, it is critical to identify strategies for delivery of high-quality breast cancer care in settings with limited resources and few oncology specialists. We investigated the quality of treatments received by a cohort of patients with breast cancer at Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence (BCCOE), Rwanda’s first public cancer center. Patients and Methods We reviewed medical records of all female patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer at BCCOE between July 2012 and December 2013. We evaluated the provision of chemotherapy, endocrine therapy, surgery, and chemotherapy dose densities. We also applied modified international quality metrics and estimated overall survival using interval-censored analysis. Results Among 150 patients, 28 presented with early-stage, 64 with locally advanced, and 53 with metastatic disease. Among potentially curable patients (ie, those with early-stage or locally advanced disease), 74% received at least four cycles of chemotherapy and 63% received surgery. Among hormone receptor–positive patients, 83% received endocrine therapy within 1 year of diagnosis. Fifty-seven percent of potentially curable patients completed surgery and chemotherapy and initiated endocrine therapy if indicated within 1 year of biopsy. Radiotherapy was not available. At the end of follow-up, 62% of potentially curable patients were alive, 24% were dead, and 14% were lost to follow-up. Conclusion Appropriate delivery of chemotherapy and endocrine therapy for breast cancer is possible in rural sub-Saharan African even without oncologists based on site. Performing timely surgery and ensuring treatment completion were key challenges after the opening of BCCOE. Further investigation should examine persistent quality gaps and the relationship between treatment quality and survival.
Classification of Patients With GH Disorders May Vary According to the IGF-I Assay
Authors: Mavromati Maria , Kuhn Emmanuelle , Agostini Hélène , Brailly-Tabard Sylvie , Massart Catherine , Piketty Marie-Liesse , Arnoux Armelle , Young Jacques , Souberbielle Jean-Claude , Chanson Philippe 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Context
Insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) measurement is essential for the diagnosis and management of growth hormone (GH) disorders. However, patient classification may vary substantially according to the assay technique.

Objective
We compared individual patient data and classifications obtained with six different IGF-I assay kits in a group of patients with various GH disorders.

Design
In this cross-sectional study, we measured IGF-I with six immunoassays in 102 patients with active or treated acromegaly or GH deficiency. IGF-I normative data previously established for the same six assay kits were used to classify the patients (high, low, or normal IGF-I levels), using both raw data and standard deviation scores (SDSs). Pairwise concordance between assays was assessed with Bland-Altman plots and with the percentage of observed agreement and the weighted κ coefficient for categorized IGF-I SDS.

Results
We observed marked variability both across each individual’s IGF-I raw data and across IGF-I SDS values obtained with each of the six immunoassays. Pairwise concordance between assay values, as assessed with the weighted κ coefficient, ranged from 0.50 (moderate) to 0.81 (excellent).

Conclusion
Even when using normative data obtained in the same large population of healthy subjects and when using calculated IGF-I SDSs, agreement among IGF-I assay methods is only moderate to good. Differences in assay performance must be taken into account when evaluating and monitoring patients with GH disorders. This argues for the use of the same IGF-I assay for a given patient throughout follow-up.
Predicting Outcomes of Hormone and Chemotherapy in the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) Study by Biochemically-inspired Machine Learning
Authors: Mucaki Eliseos J. , Baranova Katherina , Pham Huy Q. , Rezaeian Iman , Angelov Dimo , Ngom Alioune , Rueda Luis , Rogan Peter K. 
Published: May 2017

Genomic aberrations and gene expression-defined subtypes in the large METABRIC patient cohort have been used to stratify and predict survival. The present study used normalized gene expression signatures of paclitaxel drug response to predict outcome for different survival times in METABRIC patients receiving hormone (HT) and, in some cases, chemotherapy (CT) agents. This machine learning method, which distinguishes sensitivity vs. resistance in breast cancer cell lines and validates predictions in patients; was also used to derive gene signatures of other HT (tamoxifen) and CT agents (methotrexate, epirubicin, doxorubicin, and 5-fluorouracil) used in METABRIC. Paclitaxel gene signatures exhibited the best performance, however the other agents also predicted survival with acceptable accuracies. A support vector machine (SVM) model of paclitaxel response containing genes ABCB1, ABCB11, ABCC1, ABCC10, BAD, BBC3, BCL2, BCL2L1, BMF, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, MAP2, MAP4, MAPT, NR1I2, SLCO1B3, TUBB1, TUBB4A, and TUBB4B was 78.6% accurate in predicting survival of 84 patients treated with both HT and CT (median survival ≥ 4.4 yr). Accuracy was lower (73.4%) in 304 untreated patients. The performance of other machine learning approaches was also evaluated at different survival thresholds. Minimum redundancy maximum relevance feature selection of a paclitaxel-based SVM classifier based on expression of genes BCL2L1, BBC3, FGF2, FN1, and TWIST1 was 81.1% accurate in 53 CT patients. In addition, a random forest (RF) classifier using a gene signature (ABCB1, ABCB11, ABCC1, ABCC10, BAD, BBC3, BCL2, BCL2L1, BMF, CYP2C8, CYP3A4, MAP2, MAP4, MAPT, NR1I2,SLCO1B3, TUBB1, TUBB4A, and TUBB4B) predicted >3-year survival with 85.5% accuracy in 420 HT patients. A similar RF gene signature showed 82.7% accuracy in 504 patients treated with CT and/or HT. These results suggest that tumor gene expression signatures refined by machine learning techniques can be useful for predicting survival after drug therapies.
Treatment of hindfoot and ankle pathologies with posterior arthroscopic techniques
Authors: Ögüt Tahir , Yontar N. Selcuk 
Published: May 2017

The two-portal hindfoot arthroscopy is an effective procedure enabling direct visualisation of posterior ankle pathology with low invasiveness. An important stage of the hindfoot endoscopy is localisation of the flexor hallucis longus (FHL) tendon to protect the neurovascular bundle which is located just medial to it. Posterior ankle impingement syndrome and FHL tenosynovitis are common causes of posterior ankle pain and frequently occur together. Posteriorly localised talar osteochondral lesions, Achilles tendon disorders, osteoarthritis, talar bone cysts and talar fractures are among the other pathologies that can be treated with hindfoot arthroscopy. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160055. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Treatment of chronic orthopaedic infection
Authors: Winkler Heinz 
Published: May 2017

Chronic infections are one of the major challenges in orthopaedic surgery, both for surgeons and patients. They are characterised by obstinate persistency of the causing microorganisms and resulting long-term disablement of the patients, associated with remarkable costs for the health care system. Difficulties derive from the biofilm-mode of living of pathogens with resistances against immunological defence and antimicrobial substances, and osseous defects resulting from the disease itself and surgical interventions. Established techniques usually require multiple costly operations with extended periods of disablement and impairment of the patients, sometimes making the therapy worse than the disease. Better understanding of the backgrounds of the conditions has led to new surgical techniques and differentiated application of antibiotics, aiming in improved quality of life for our patients. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160063. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Partial proximal tibia fractures
Authors: Raschke Michael J. , Kittl Christoph , Domnick Christoph 
Published: May 2017

Partial tibial plateau fractures may occur as a consequence of either valgus or varus trauma combined with a rotational and axial compression component. High-energy trauma may result in a more complex and multi-fragmented fracture pattern, which occurs predominantly in young people. Conversely, a low-energy mechanism may lead to a pure depression fracture in the older population with weaker bone density. Pre-operative classification of these fractures, by Müller AO, Schatzker or novel CT-based methods, helps to understand the fracture pattern and choose the surgical approach and treatment strategy in accordance with estimated bone mineral density and the individual history of each patient. Non-operative treatment may be considered for non-displaced intra-articular fractures of the lateral tibial condyle. Intra-articular joint displacement ⩾ 2 mm, open fractures or fractures of the medial condyle should be reduced and fixed operatively. Autologous, allogenic and synthetic bone substitutes can be used to fill bone defects. A variety of minimally invasive approaches, temporary osteotomies and novel techniques (e.g. arthroscopically assisted reduction or ‘jail-type’ screw osteosynthesis) offer a range of choices for the individual and are potentially less invasive treatments. Rehabilitation protocols should be carefully planned according to the degree of stability achieved by internal fixation, bone mineral density and other patient-specific factors (age, compliance, mobility). To avoid stiffness, early functional mobilisation plays a major role in rehabilitation. In the elderly, low-energy trauma and impression fractures are indicators for the further screening and treatment of osteoporosis.Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160067. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Nerve injuries of the upper extremity and hand
Authors: Dahlin Lars B. , Wiberg Mikael 
Published: May 2017

A nerve injury has a profound impact on the patient’s daily life due to the impaired sensory and motor function, impaired dexterity, sensitivity to cold as well as eventual pain problems. To perform an appropriate treatment of nerve injuries, a correct diagnosis must be made, where the injury is properly classified, leading to an optimal surgical approach and technique, where timing of surgery is also important for the outcome. Knowledge about the nerve regeneration process, where delicate processes occur in neurons, non-neuronal cells (i.e. Schwann cells) and other cells in the peripheral as well as the central nervous systems, is crucial for the treating surgeon. The surgical decision to perform nerve repair and/or reconstruction depends on the type of injury, the condition of the wound as well as the vascularity of the wound. To reconnect injured nerve ends, various techniques can be used, which include both epineurial and fascicular nerve repair, and if a nerve defect is caused by the injury, a nerve reconstruction procedure has to be performed, including bridging the defect using nerve-grafts or nerve transfer techniques. The patients must be evaluated properly and regularly after the surgical procedure and appropriate rehabilitation programmes are useful to improve the final outcome. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.160071. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Advances in hip arthroplasty surgery: what is justified?
Authors: Zagra Luigi 
Published: May 2017

Total hip arthroplasty (THA) surgery has shown dramatic changes in terms of increased number of procedures and of technical development in recent years. It has been described as “the operation of the 20th century” for the excellent results, the high satisfaction of the patients and the improvement of the quality of life. A lot of variations have been introduced over the last few decades in THA especially in terms of indications (both in younger and older patients), techniques and devices (approaches, tissue preservation, biomaterials and industrial finishing), per-operative management (blood loss and pain control) and post-operative protocols (the so called “fast track” surgery). Looking at all these advances the emerging question is: have all of them been justified both in terms of improvement of the results for the patients and of the cost/benefit ratio from an economical point of view? The purpose of this paper is to critically analyse the advantages and the disadvantages of the theoretically proposed “advances in hip arthroplasty” and attempt to understand which are justified of such “advances” nowadays, based on the international and the European perspective with a focus on the author’s personal clinical experience. Cite this article: EFORT Open Rev 2017;2. DOI: 10.1302/2058-5241.2.170008. Originally published online at www.efortopenreviews.org
Political, intimate and spectacular
Authors: Farinelli Patrizia 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The article analyses selected performances from the Venice Biennale International Theatre Festival 2015. On the spectrum of quality performances with political and existential messages were works that showed an affinity for “modest” theatre, which still draws inspiration from Grotowski (La Zaranda), works with innovative design, which tend towards a revival of the modernist tradition while introducing new strategies of performance (Fabrice Murgia), and even experimental performances of a highly mixed genre. An example of the latter is the project by the group Agrupación Señor Serrano, in which exhausted theatrical conventions are displayed with radical freshness.
New beginnings after the war: Precision and mental freedom in dance and choreography – An interview with Susanna Linke
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Susanne Linke spoke to us about the state of dance in post-war Germany, her experiences of dancing for Pina Bausch at Folkwang Tanzstudio and her generation’s intuitive emancipatory gesture of abandoning classical roles and themes.
Dancing and choreographing in post-war Germany: An interview with Reinhild Hoffman
Authors: Aigner Franziska , Turkenich Uri 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Reinhild Hoffmann spoke to us about the slow shift in the dance studio towards equal Mitspracherecht (German for, literally, “the right to speak with”) of the dancer and author. She furthermore offered an insight into her own working method and her collaboration with Arno Wüstenhöfer, who offered choreographic directorships to Pina Bausch in Wuppertal and later to Hoffmann in Bremen.
Playing in public: Domestic politics and prosthetic memory in Paula Markovich’s El premio/The Prize (2011)
Authors: Maguire Geoffrey 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Released in 2011, Paula Markovitch’s semi-autobiographical film revolves around the life of 7-year-old Cecilia and her tense negotiation of the ‘adult’ world of public militancy in 1970s Argentina. The film destabilizes the traditional boundaries between childhood and adulthood, exposing the profound politicization of the child’s domestic spaces as her parents’ political choices are thrust into every aspect of her daily life. This article argues that, by affording the child a greater sense of agency within these home spaces, the director of El premio/The Prize (2011) refuses to perpetuate the discourses of passive victimhood that are conventionally associated with the hijo/child in contemporary Argentina. Instead, Markovitch rethinks the domestic sphere as a site for political confrontation both between and within generations. By inhibiting the spectator’s potential to ‘prosthetically’ identify with the experience of the child victim, El premio surfaces as a paradigmatic example of a growing trend in contemporary Argentine film which seeks to expose, explore and impede society’s ongoing and pervasive gaze into the lives of the children of the disappeared.