bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente: revisión sistemática
Authors: Rojas Valenciano Ligia , Cubero Alpízar Consuelo , Leiva Díaz Viriam 
Published: July 2016

Introducción. La segregación y procesamiento de la ropa es un asunto vital tanto para los pacientes como para el recurso humano que labora en los hospitales y centros de salud y que manipula este material. El objetivo fue evaluar la efectividad del personal de enfermería respecto de la segregación de la ropa hospitalaria en origen usada por el paciente, para la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias.Método. Se trata de una revisión sistemática, aplicando la metodología recomendada por la Colaboración Cochrane. Para la identificación de los estudios se realizó búsquedas electrónicas en MEDLINE, conferencias en línea, alertas semanales de revistas en BioMed Central (e-mail), EBSCO, Clinical Key, PubMed, Journal of infection, Advance of Nursing, Excelencia.net, Journal of Hospital, Cochrane Library Plus. Después de establecer los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y análisis crítico, se seleccionaron 5 documentos que dieran respuesta a la pregunta clínica.Resultado. La segregación de la ropa debe ser realizada en origen (A-III) y recomiendan que la manipulación de la ropa sucia se debe determinar a nivel local, en consulta con el comité local de control de infecciones.Conclusión. No se pudo determinar la efectividad de la segregación de la ropa en origen realizada por el personal de enfermería en relación con la prevención de infecciones intrahospitalarias.
Engineering optimization by constrained differential evolution with nearest neighbor comparison
Authors: Anh Pham Hoang 
Published: July 2016

It has been proposed to utilize nearest neighbor comparison to reduce the number of function evaluations in unconstrained optimization. The nearest neighbor comparison omits the function evaluation of a point when the comparison can be judged by its nearest point in the search population. In this paper, a constrained differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed by combining the ε constrained method to handle constraints with the nearest neighbor comparison method. The algorithm is tested using five benchmark engineering design problems and the results indicate that the proposed DE algorithm is able to find good results in a much smaller number of objective function evaluations than conventional DE and it is competitive to other state-of-the-art DE variants.
Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections
Authors: Pena Enrique , Moroz Lee , Singh Devender 
Published: July 2016

Lumbar radiculopathy is a common diagnosis for patients who present with low-back pain and leg pain, typically along a particular dermatome. This pain is commonly associated with a lumbar disc herniation. The prognosis is usually favorable, and the symptoms can resolve spontaneously over time. In patients in whom leg and back symptoms are severe, lumbar epidural (cortico)steroid injections are good options for the short to medium-term management of pain.
Currently, lumbar epidural steroid injections are performed with radiographic guidance systems and fluoroscopy. This method is preferred because of the increased accuracy in needle placement and the reduced risk of injury to nerves and vascular structures.
The procedure is performed with the following steps: (1) Following appropriate patient selection through clinical evaluation and assessment of imaging studies such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging, the patient is prepared and draped after providing written informed consent. (2) The level of neural compression to be injected is identified with intermittent fluoroscopy and the use of a radiopaque marker. (3) The skin and subcutaneous tissues are anesthetized. (4) A spinal needle (Quincke or Tuohy type) is inserted after tissues are fully anesthetized. The needle is slowly advanced with the use of intermittent fluoroscopy until the target is reached. In the case of an interlaminar approach, this would be associated with a loss of syringe resistance and piercing of the ligamentum flavum. In the case of a transforaminal approach, this would be associated with the 6 o’clock position of the pedicle on the side in question. (5) Contrast material is then injected with the use of live fluoroscopy to confirm appropriate placement and exclude intravascular and intrathecal injection. (6) When adequate placement is confirmed, a solution of steroid and anesthetic is administered. The needle is then removed.
Most outcome reports after lumbar epidural steroid injections are favorable for radicular symptoms. Associated back pain may typically improve as well. Common complications include injection site pain or soreness, infections, allergy, and inadvertent dural puncture with spinal headache.
Adjustment of Soil Saturated Paste Extract Electrical Conductivity and Sodium Adsorption Ratio for Excess Gypsum Dissolution Using Equilibrium Geochemical Modeling
Authors: Callaghan Michael V. , Cey Edwin E. , Bentley Laurence R. 
Published: July 2016

Core Ideas
In gypsum‐bearing soils, excess dissolution occurs in the soil saturated paste extract.
EC and SAR may be adjusted for dissolution effects using geochemical modeling.
Characterization of salinity and sodicity hazard is improved.
Soil saturated paste extract (SPE) electrical conductivity (ECe) and sodium adsorption ratio (SARe) are widely used measures of soluble salts used to evaluate the salinity hazard to crop growth and the sodicity hazard to soil permeability. In gypsum‐bearing soils, sparingly soluble gypsum dissolves during preparation of the SPE as a result of soil water dilution. This produces a higher measured ECe and lower SARe than would be measured if only field‐soluble gypsum were present. As part of a soil remediation project, samples were collected from the location of a former oil and gas production facility with highly saline‐sodic, brine‐affected soils. The naturally calcareous silt loam soil with a smectitic clay fraction was previously amended with gypsum to mitigate elevated sodicity, of concern for sodic effects on soil permeability. The equilibrium geochemical modeling software program ExtractChem was used to model ECe and SARe in the absence of excess gypsum dissolution by first modeling EC and SAR at field water content and then modeling ECe and SARe at saturated paste water content while excluding gypsum from the modeled reaction. For samples with measured ECe <3 dS m−1, ECe modeled in the absence of excess gypsum dissolution was up to 52% lower than measured, and for samples with measured SARe <2, modeled SARe was up to 53% higher than measured. As remediation progressed, and ECe and SARe decreased toward target values, the magnitude of the excess gypsum effect was sufficient to affect the evaluation of remedial progress. Equilibrium geochemical modeling adjustment of ECe and SARe for gypsum dissolution that occurs as a result of SPE preparation is recommended to improve the evaluation of the progress of remediation of gypsum‐bearing, salt‐affected soil.
PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION (PSO) FOR TRAINING OPTIMIZATION ON CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK (CNN)
Authors: Syulistyo Arie Rachmad , Jati Purnomo Dwi Marhaendro , Rachmadi Muhammad Febrian , Wibowo Adi 
Published: July 2016

Neural network attracts plenty of researchers lately. Substantial number of renowned universities have developed neural network for various both academically and industrially applications. Neural network shows considerable performance on various purposes. Nevertheless, for complex applications, neural network’s accuracy significantly deteriorates. To tackle the aforementioned drawback, lot of researches had been undertaken on the improvement of the standard neural network. One of the most promising modifications on standard neural network for complex applications is deep learning method. In this paper, we proposed the utilization of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which is one of the basic methods in deep learning. The use of PSO on the training process aims to optimize the results of the solution vectors on CNN in order to improve the recognition accuracy. The data used in this research is handwritten digit from MNIST. The experiments exhibited that the accuracy can be attained in 4 epoch is 95.08%. This result was better than the conventional CNN and DBN. The execution time was also almost similar to the conventional CNN. Therefore, the proposed method was a promising method.
The Effects of Levosimendan and Sodium Nitroprusside Combination on Left Ventricular Functions After Surgical Ventricular Reconstruction in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Patients
Authors: Temizturk Zeki , Azboy Davut , Atalay Atakan , Atalay Hakan , Dogan Omer Faruk 
Published: July 2016

Objective:The aim of our study was to research the effects of levosimendan (LS) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP) combination on systolic and diastolic ventricular function after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) who required endoventricular patch repair (EVPR).Patients and Methods:We studied 70 patients with ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. LS and SNP combination was administered in 35 patients (study group, SG). In the remaining patients, normal saline solution was given (placebo group, PG). Levosimendan (10µgr/kg) started 4 h prior to operation and we stopped LS before the initiation of extracorporeal circulation (ECC). During the rewarming period, we started again levosimendan (10µgr/kg) in combination with SNP (0.1-0.2 µgr/kg/min). If mean blood pressure decreased by more than 25% compared with pre-infusion values, for corrected of mean arterial pressure, the volume loading was performed using a 500 ml ringer lactate. Hemodynamic variables, inotrophyc requirement, and laboratory values were recorded.Results:Five patients died (7.14%) post-surgery (one from SG and 4 from PG) due to low cardiac out-put syndrome (LOS). At the postoperative period, cardiac output and stroke volume index was higher in SG (mean±sd;29.1±6.3vs. 18.4±4.9 mL/min−1/m−2(P<0.0001)). Stroke volume index (SVI) decreased from 29±10mL/m2preoperatively to 22±14mL/m2in the early postoperative period in group 1. This difference was statistically significant(P=0.002). Cardiac index was higher in SG (320.7±37.5vs. 283.0±83.9 mL/min−1/m−2(P=0.009)). The postoperative inotrophyc requirement was less in SG (5.6±2.7vs. 10.4±2.0 mg/kg,P< 0.008), and postoperative cardiac enzyme levels were less in SG (P< 0.01). Ten patients (28.5%) in SG and 21 patients (60%) in PG required inotrophyc support(P<0.001). We used IABP in eight patients (22.8%) in SG and 17 patients (48.5%) in CG(P=0.0001).Conclusion:This study showed that LS and SNP combination impressive increase in left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions including LVEF. The use of this combination achieved more less inotrophics and IABP requirement. We therefore suggest preoperative and peroperative levosimendan and SNP combination.
No Association Between rs7077361 in ITGA8 and Parkinson’s Disease in Sweden
Authors: Ran Caroline , Mehdi Rawand Naiel , Fardell Camilla , Xiang Fengqing , Nissbrandt Hans , Sydow Olof , Wirdefeldt Karin , Belin Andrea Carmine 
Published: July 2016

Background:Integrin alpha 8 (ITGA8) encodes the alpha 8 subunit of the integrin alpha8beta1 protein and has recently been suggested as a new candidate gene for Parkinson’s disease, an age related neurodegenerative disease with unknown etiology. ITGA8 is a transmembrane protein involved in several cellular processes, such as cell adhesion, migration and cytoskeletal rearrangement.Objective:Screen a Swedish case control material for rs7077361, a genetic variant in ITGA8, in order to investigate its possible implication in Parkinson’s disease in Sweden.Method:Rs7077361 was genotyped using TaqMan quantitative Real-time PCR and tested for association using appropriate statistical methods.Results:We have screened 502 Swedish Parkinson patients and 599 healthy control individuals for rs7077361 in ITGA8. This genetic variant was in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium in the Swedish population. Allele and genotype frequencies were highly similar between the patients and controls and statistical testing showed that this genetic maker did not associate with Parkinson’s disease (p=0.67).Conclusion:Our results do not support the hypothesis of ITGA8 as a candidate gene for Parkinson’s disease in Sweden.
The Impact of the Timing of a Prior Year's Auditor Concessions on Financial Officers' Judgments
Authors: Cheng Mandy M. , Tan Hun-Tong , Trotman Ken T. , Tse Aileen 
Published: July 2016

SUMMARY
Auditors and clients negotiate on financial statement numbers over time. In this study, we extend the existing literature on auditor-client negotiations by examining the judgments of client financial officers in a multi-period setting. We conduct an experiment to examine how an auditor's use of concession-timing strategies in the prior year influences financial officers' negotiation judgments in the current year. We find that financial officers report a larger expected ultimate income-decreasing audit adjustment and are prepared to offer more concessions if the auditor had previously used a concession-start strategy (where the auditor had given a concession before the start of the negotiation but did not concede during the negotiation) relative to a concession-end strategy (where the concession was provided only in the last round of negotiation). Our results indicate that auditors' prior negotiation strategies impact financial officers' use of strategies on current year's negotiations. Overall, these results suggest that findings in earlier single-period settings (e.g., Tan and Trotman 2010) potentially reverse in a multi-period setting.
THE DYNAMICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BAR AND SPIRAL PATTERNS OF NGC 1365
Authors: Speights Jason C. , Rooke Paul C. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
Theories that attempt to explain the dynamical relationship between bar and spiral patterns in galactic disks make different predictions about the radial profile of the pattern speed. These are tested for the H-alpha bar and spiral patterns of NGC 1365. The radial profile of the pattern speed is measured by fitting mathematical models that are based on the Tremaine–Weinberg method. The results show convincing evidence for the bar rotating at a faster rate than the spiral pattern, inconsistent with a global wave mode or a manifold. There is evidence for mode coupling of the bar and spiral patterns at the overlap of corotation and inner Lindblad resonances (ILRs), but the evidence is unreliable and inconsistent. The results are the most consistent with the bar and spiral patterns being dynamically distinct features. The pattern speed of the bar begins near an ILR and ends near the corotation resonance (CR). The radial profile of the pattern speed beyond the bar most closely resembles what is expected for coupled spiral modes and tidal interactions.
Bethlehem Steelworkers, the Press, and the Struggle for the Eight-Hour Day
Authors: Ennis Ron W. 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT
After years of simmering unrest, machinists and laborers staged a strike at Bethlehem Steel in 1910. The protest delayed the federal government's military contracts prompting the US Congress to order the Bureau of Labor to investigate. The bureau found conditions in the mill “shocking.” The press published the report, arousing the nation, and prodding Washington in 1912 to pass the first federal labor law limiting the hours of work in private industry.
Measuring the Effect of Size on Technical Efficiency of the United Arab Emirates Hospitals
Authors: Mahate Ashraf , Hamidi Samer , Akinci Fevzi 
Published: July 2016

<p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> The main purpose of this study is to estimate the technical efficiency of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) hospitals and examine the effect of hospital size on estimated technical efficiency scores.</p><p><strong>METHODS: </strong>Using 2012 data from Ministry of Health, Dubai Health Authority, and Health Authority in Abu Dhabi,<strong> </strong>we employed a nonparametric method, data envelopment analysis (DEA), to estimate the technical efficiency of 96 private and governmental hospitals in the UAE. Efficiency scores are calculated using both Banker, Charnes, and Cooper (BCC) and Charnes, Cooper, and Rhodes (CCR) models. </p><p><strong>RESULTS: </strong>The average technical efficiency of the UAE hospitals is estimated at 59% based on the BBC model and at 48% based on the CCR model. The optimal size of a hospital in the UAE is between 100 to 300 beds. We also found evidence of economies of scope between the provision of outpatient and inpatient care in the UAE hospitals.</p><p><strong>CONCLUSION: </strong>Our findings indicate that only one third of the UAE hospitals are technically efficient. There is evidence to suggest that there are considerable efficiency gains yet to be made by many UAE hospitals. Additional empirical research is needed to inform future health policies aimed at improving both the technical and allocative efficiency of hospital services in the UAE. </p>
Quantifying mesoscale‐driven nitrate supply: A case study
Authors: Pidcock Rosalind E. M. , Martin Adrian P. , Painter Stuart. C. , Allen John T. , Srokosz Meric A. , Forryan Alex , Stinchcombe Mark , Smeed David A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe supply of nitrate to surface waters plays a crucial role in maintaining marine life. Physical processes at the mesoscale (~10–100 km) and smaller scale have been advocated to provide a major fraction of the global supply. While observational studies have focused on well‐defined features, such as isolated eddies, the vertical circulation and nutrient supply in a typical 100–200 km square of ocean will involve a turbulent spectrum of interacting, evolving, and decaying features. A crucial step in closing the ocean nitrogen budget is to be able to rank the importance of mesoscale fluxes against other sources of nitrate for surface waters for a representative area of open ocean. While this has been done using models, the vital observational equivalent is still lacking. To illustrate the difficulties that prevent us from putting a global estimate on the significance of the mesoscale observationally, we use data from a cruise in the Iceland Basin where vertical velocity and nitrate observations were made simultaneously at the same high spatial resolution. Local mesoscale nitrate flux is found to be an order of magnitude greater than that due to small‐scale vertical mixing and exceeds coincident nitrate uptake rates and estimates of nitrate supply due to winter convection. However, a nonzero net vertical velocity for the region introduces a significant bias in regional estimates of the mesoscale vertical nitrate transport. The need for synopticity means that a more accurate estimate cannot be simply found by using a larger survey area. It is argued that time series, rather than spatial surveys, may be the best means to quantify the contribution of mesoscale processes to the nitrate budget of the surface ocean.
The water retention curve and relative permeability for gas production from hydrate‐bearing sediments: pore‐network model simulation
Authors: Mahabadi Nariman , Dai Sheng , Seol Yongkoo , Sup Yun Tae , Jang Jaewon 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe water retention curve and relative permeability are critical to predict gas and water production from hydrate‐bearing sediments. However, values for key parameters that characterize gas and water flows during hydrate dissociation have not been identified due to experimental challenges. This study utilizes the combined techniques of micro‐focus X‐ray computed tomography (CT) and pore‐network model simulation to identify proper values for those key parameters, such as gas entry pressure, residual water saturation, and curve fitting values. Hydrates with various saturation and morphology are realized in the pore‐network that was extracted from micron‐resolution CT images of sediments recovered from the hydrate deposit at the Mallik site, and then the processes of gas invasion, hydrate dissociation, gas expansion, and gas and water permeability are simulated. Results show that greater hydrate saturation in sediments lead to higher gas entry pressure, higher residual water saturation, and steeper water retention curve. An increase in hydrate saturation decreases gas permeability but has marginal effects on water permeability in sediments with uniformly distributed hydrate. Hydrate morphology has more significant impacts than hydrate saturation on relative permeability. Sediments with heterogeneously distributed hydrate tend to result in lower residual water saturation and higher gas and water permeability. In this sense, the Brooks‐Corey model that uses two fitting parameters individually for gas and water permeability properly capture the effect of hydrate saturation and morphology on gas and water flows in hydrate‐bearing sediments.
Mantle transition zone structure beneath the Changbai volcano: Insight into deep slab dehydration and hot upwelling near the 410 km discontinuity
Authors: Tian You , Zhu Hongxiang , Zhao Dapeng , Liu Cai , Feng Xuan , Liu Ting , Ma Jincheng 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe study the detailed mantle transition zone structure beneath the active Changbai intraplate volcano in Northeast China by using a receiver‐function method. A total of 3005 teleseismic receiver functions recorded by 70 broadband stations are obtained by using a common‐conversion‐point stacking method. For conducting the time‐to‐depth conversion, we use a three‐dimensional velocity model of the study region so as to take into account the influence of structural heterogeneities. Our results reveal significant depth variations of the 410, 520, and 660 km discontinuities. A broad depression of the 410 km discontinuity and a low‐velocity anomaly are revealed beneath the Changbai volcano, which may reflect a large‐scale hot mantle upwelling around the 410 km discontinuity with a positive Clapeyron slope. The 520 km discontinuity is identified clearly, and its uplift occurs above the stagnant Pacific slab. We also find a prominent depression of the 660 km discontinuity, which is elongated along the trend of deep earthquake clusters in a range of 39°N–44°N latitude, and the depression area has a lateral extent of about 400 km. Because the 520 and 660 km discontinuities correspond to positive and negative Clapeyron slopes, respectively, we think that the 520 uplift and the 660 depression are caused by the cold subducting Pacific slab. A part of the Pacific slab may have penetrated into the lower mantle and so caused the large‐scale 660 depression in front of the deep earthquake clusters. Our results also reveal a part of the upper boundary of the subducting Pacific slab in the mantle transition zone.