bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Population structure and migration of the witches’ broom pathogen Moniliophthora perniciosa from cacao and cultivated and wild solanaceous hosts in southeastern Brazil
Authors: Patrocínio N. G. R. B. , Ceresini P. C. , Gomes L. I. S. , Resende M. L. V. , Mizubuti E. S. G. , Gramacho K. P. 
Published: October 2016

Moniliophthora perniciosa, causal agent of witches’ broom disease in cacao plantations in South America and the Caribbean Islands, has co‐evolved with its host cacao, but the pathogen has also emerged in many solanaceous hosts in Brazil, including economically important food crops and wild species. This study was carried out to: (i) determine the existence of host subpopulations of M. perniciosa in Brazil; (ii) estimate gene and genotypic diversity of M. perniciosa host subpopulations infecting solanaceous hosts in southeastern Bahia and Minas Gerais states, Brazil; and (iii) estimate the amount and directionality of historical migration of M. perniciosa subpopulations. Up to 203 M. perniciosa isolates collected from solanaceous hosts with symptoms from Bahia and Minas Gerais states in Brazil and from Theobroma spp. (cacao) and Herrania spp. were characterized with 11 microsatellite markers. Factorial correspondence analyses, minimum‐spanning network and Bayesian clustering revealed genetic clusters associated with their host of origin. Significant subpopulation differentiation was evident (ΦST = 0.30, P ≤ 0.05) among M. perniciosa host subpopulations. Most of the multilocus microsatellite genotypes (MLMGs) were host‐specific, with few MLMGs shared among subpopulations. Pairwise comparisons among M. perniciosa host subpopulations were significant, except between jurubeba (Solanum paniculatum) and cultivated solanaceous subpopulations. The combined analyses rejected the null hypothesis that M. perniciosa in Brazil is a single genetic population not structured by host. These findings support a scenario of introduction and subsequent adaptation to solanaceous hosts that should be taken into consideration to improve mitigation and management of M. perniciosa.
Dopamine/noradrenaline reuptake inhibition in women improves endurance exercise performance in the heat
Authors: Cordery P. , Peirce N. , Maughan R. J. , Watson P. 
Published: October 2016

Catecholamine reuptake inhibition improves the performance of male volunteers exercising in warm conditions, but sex differences in thermoregulation, circulating hormones, and central neurotransmission may alter this response. With local ethics committee approval, nine physically active women (mean ± SD age 21 ± 2 years; height 1.68 ± 0.08 m; body mass 64.1 ± 6.0 kg; VO2peak 51 ± 7 mL/kg/min) were recruited to examine the effect of pre‐exercise administration of Bupropion (BUP; 4 × 150 mg) on prolonged exercise performance in a warm environment. Participants completed a VO2peak test, two familiarization trials, and two randomized, double‐blind experimental trials. All trials took place during the first 10 days of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. Participants cycled for 1 h at 60% VO2peak followed by a 30‐min performance test. Total work done was greater during the BUP trial (291 ± 48 kJ) than the placebo trial (269 ± 46 kJ, P = 0.042, d = 0.497). At the end of the performance test, core temperature was higher on the BUP trial (39.5 ± 0.4 °C) than on the placebo trial (39.2 ± 0.6 °C, P = 0.021; d = 0.588), as was heart rate (185 ± 9 vs 179 ± 13, P = 0.043; d = 0.537). The results indicate that during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, an acute dosing protocol of BUP can improve self‐regulated performance in warm conditions.
Bortezomib decreases the magnitude of a primary humoral immune response to transfused red blood cells in a murine model
Authors: Natarajan Prabitha , Liu Jingchun , Santhanakrishnan Manjula , Gibb David R. , Slater Lewis M. , Hendrickson Jeanne E. 
Published: October 2016

BACKGROUNDFew therapeutic options currently exist to prevent or to mitigate transfusion‐associated red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunization. We hypothesized that bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor currently being utilized for HLA alloantibody and ADAMTS13 autoantibody reduction, may be beneficial in a transfusion setting. Herein, we utilized a reductionist murine model to test our hypothesis that bortezomib would decrease RBC alloimmune responses.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWild‐type mice were treated with bortezomib or saline and transfused with murine RBCs expressing the human KEL glycoprotein. Levels of anti‐KEL immunoglobulins in transfusion recipients were measured by flow cytometry. The impact of bortezomib treatment on recipient plasma cells (PCs) and other immune cells was also assessed by flow cytometry and immunofluorescence.RESULTSAfter bortezomib treatment, mice had a 50% reduction in splenic white blood cells and a targeted reduction in marrow PCs. Mice treated with bortezomib before the transfusion of KEL RBCs became alloimmunized in three of three experiments, although their serum anti‐KEL IgG levels were 2.6‐fold lower than those in untreated mice. Once a primary antibody response was established, bortezomib treatment did not prevent an anamnestic response from occurring.CONCLUSIONTo the extent that these findings are generalizable to other RBC antigens and to humans, bortezomib monotherapy is unlikely to be of significant clinical benefit in a transfusion setting where complete prevention of alloimmunization is desirable. Given the impact on PCs, however, it remains plausible that bortezomib therapy may be beneficial for RBC alloimmunization prevention or mitigation if used in combination with other immunomodulatory therapies.
Analysing perceptions of English in rural Bangladesh
Authors: SEARGEANT PHILIP , ERLING ELIZABETH J. , SOLLY MIKE , CHOWDHURY QUMRUL HASAN , RAHMAN SAYEEDUR 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTDrawing on research analysing perceptions of English in rural Bangladesh, the paper explores the ideological and practical issues involved in the promotion of English in this context, with respect to the language's former and current associations with colonial and imperialist agendas, and the politico‐cultural situation of present‐day Bangladeshi society. The analysis – which is underpinned by a blending of world Englishes and postcolonial theory – reveals how dominant discourses of English as a language of global opportunity persist in these rural communities, despite the limited opportunities for using the language or developing proficiency in it. By representing these ‘subaltern’ views on English in what is an under‐researched context, the paper offers critical insights into the impact of English‐language education on rural Bangladeshis’ social prospects, communities and cultural identities.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Young James 
Published: October 2016

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue. Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 10 Abdul Azim Akhtar Ahmet Yıkmış Anastasia Panagakos AntÓNio Calha Aslan,Yasin Begoña Montero-Fleta Bonnie L. Mcintyre Dipankar Chatterjee Hanaa Youssef Shaarawy Jehu Onyekwere Nnaji Julia M. Mack K.O. Aramide Katja Eman Małgorzata Haładewicz Michael Brooks Mohammad Naji Shah Mohammadi Patricia Wiener Priyono Rachita Shrivastava Roy Rasa Poceviciene Raymond Chan Said Aldhafri Sandro Serpa Zahra Khoshk Jan James Young Editorial Assistant On behalf of, The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science Studies Redfame Publishing 9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416 Beaverton, OR 97008, USA URL: http://ijsss.redfame.com
N‐Acetylcysteine, a glutathione precursor, reverts vascular dysfunction and endothelial epigenetic programming in intrauterine growth restricted guinea pigs
Authors: Herrera Emilio A. , Cifuentes‐Zúñiga Francisca , Figueroa Esteban , Villanueva Cristian , Hernández Cherie , Alegría René , Arroyo‐Jousse Viviana , Peñaloza Estefania , Farías Marcelo , Uauy Ricardo , Casanello Paola , Krause Bernardo J. 
Published: October 2016

Key points
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress and signs of endothelial epigenetic programming of the umbilical vessels.
There is no evidence that this epigenetic programming is occurring on systemic fetal arteries.
In IUGR guinea pigs we studied the functional and epigenetic programming of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (Nos3 gene) in umbilical and systemic fetal arteries, addressing the role of oxidative stress in this process by maternal treatment with N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) during the second half of gestation.
The present study suggests that IUGR endothelial cells have common molecular markers of programming in umbilical and systemic arteries. Notably, maternal treatment with NAC restores fetal growth by increasing placental efficiency and reverting the functional and epigenetic programming of eNOS in arterial endothelium in IUGR guinea pigs.
AbstractIn humans, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with vascular dysfunction, oxidative stress and signs of endothelial programming in umbilical vessels. We aimed to determine the effects of maternal antioxidant treatment with N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) on fetal endothelial function and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) programming in IUGR guinea pigs. IUGR was induced by implanting ameroid constrictors on uterine arteries of pregnant guinea pigs at mid gestation, half of the sows receiving NAC in the drinking water (from day 34 until term). Fetal biometry and placental vascular resistance were followed by ultrasound throughout gestation. At term, umbilical arteries and fetal aortae were isolated to assess endothelial function by wire‐myography. Primary cultures of endothelial cells (ECs) from fetal aorta, femoral and umbilical arteries were used to determine eNOS mRNA levels by quantitative PCR and analyse DNA methylation in the Nos3 promoter by pyrosequencing. Doppler ultrasound measurements showed that NAC reduced placental vascular resistance in IUGR (P < 0.05) and recovered fetal weight (P < 0.05), increasing fetal‐to‐placental ratio at term (∼40%) (P < 0.001). In IUGR, NAC treatment restored eNOS‐dependent relaxation in aorta and umbilical arteries (P < 0.05), normalizing eNOS mRNA levels in EC fetal and umbilical arteries (P < 0.05). IUGR‐derived ECs had a decreased DNA methylation (∼30%) at CpG −170 (from the transcription start site) and this epigenetic signature was absent in NAC‐treated fetuses (P < 0.001). These data show that IUGR‐ECs have common molecular markers of eNOS programming in umbilical and systemic arteries and this effect is prevented by maternal treatment with antioxidants.
Draft Genome Sequence of Marine-Derived Bacillus subtilis TP-B0611, a Producer of Bacilosarcins and Amicoumacins
Authors: Komaki Hisayuki , Hosoyama Akira , Ichikawa Natsuko , Igarashi Yasuhiro 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of
Bacillus subtilis
TP-B0611, which produces the isocoumarin-type compounds bacilosarcin and amicoumacin. The genome encodes three nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters and one hybrid polyketide synthase (PKS)/NRPS gene cluster. The hybrid PKS/NRPS gene cluster was identified to be responsible for the biosynthesis of bacilosarcins and amicoumacins.
A pilot study of an emotional intelligence training intervention for a paediatric team
Authors: Bamberger Ellen , Genizi Jacob , Kerem Nogah , Reuven-Lalung Ayalla , Dolev Niva , Srugo Isaac , Rofe Amnon 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveEmotional intelligence (EI) is the individual's ability to perceive, understand and manage emotion and to understand and relate effectively to others. We examined the degree to which EI training may be associated with a change in EI among different medical personnel and patient satisfaction.Design, setting and participantsThe EI of 17 physicians and 10 nurses in paediatric ward was prospectively evaluated with Bar-On's EI at baseline and after 18 months. 11 physicians who did not undergo the intervention served as controls.InterventionsThe intervention consisted of a training programme comprising group discussions, simulations and case studies.Main outcomes and measuresPre-emotional quotient inventory (EQ-i) and post-EQ-i scores and patient satisfaction surveys of nurse and physicians pre-intervention and post-intervention were analysed.ResultsThe mean overall EI score of the study sample rose from 99.0±9.6 (both plus and minus mathematical operations standing for SD) at baseline to 105.4±10 (p<0.000) after 18 months, with the most robust increase (nearly 6%; p<0.003) manifested among physicians. In contrast, the control group's EI scores did not change over this period. Within the intervention group, physicians displayed a statistically significant increase in three of the five EI dimensions, compared with only one of the five EI dimensions for nurses. Patient satisfaction scores relating to physician care rose from 4.4 pre-intervention to 4.7 post-intervention (p=0.03).ConclusionAn EI intervention led to an overall increase in EI scores, with a significant improvement in patient satisfaction. These findings suggest important potential benefits for both staff and their patients.
Gene expression profile of whole blood cells differs in pregnant women with positive screening and negative diagnosis for gestational diabetes
Authors: Gelaleti Rafael B , Damasceno Débora C , Salvadori Daisy M F , Calderon Iracema M P , Costa Roberto A A , Piculo Fernanda , Martins David C , Rudge Marilza V C 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate the gene expression profile of whole blood cells in pregnant women without diabetes (with positive screening and negative diagnosis for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)) compared with pregnant women with negative screening for GDM.Research design and methodsPregnant women were recruited in the Diabetes Perinatal Research Centre—Botucatu Medical School-UNESP and Botucatuense Mercy Hospital (UNIMED). Distributed into 2 groups: control (n=8), women with negative screening and non-diabetic (ND, n=13), with positive screening and negative diagnosis of GDM. A peripheral blood sample was collected for glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and microarray gene expression analyses.ResultsThe evaluation of gene expression profiles showed significant differences between the control group and the ND group, with 22 differentially expressed gene sequences. Gene networks and interaction tables were generated to evaluate the biological processes associated with differentially expressed genes of interest.ConclusionsIn the group with positive screening, there is an apparent regulatory balance between the functions of the differentially expressed genes related to the pathogenesis of diabetes and a compensatory attempt to mitigate the possible etiology. These results support the ‘two-step Carpenter-Coustan’ strategy because pregnant women with negative screening do not need to continue on diagnostic investigation of gestational diabetes, thus reducing the cost of healthcare and the medicalization of pregnancy. Although not diabetic, they do have risk factors, and thus attention to these genes is important when considering disease evolution because this pregnant women are a step toward developing diabetes compared with women without these risk factors.
Gender disparities in the experience, effects and reporting of electronic aggression among secondary school students in Nigeria
Authors: Olumide Adesola O , Adebayo Emmanuel , Oluwagbayela Babatunde 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundElectronic aggression is the use of electronic communication technologies to harass others. It is a problem among adolescents and young people worldwide. There is a dearth of information on this problem in developing countries in spite of the increasing use of electronic media technology in these countries.ObjectiveTo explore gender differences in the prevalence, effects and reporting of electronic aggression among secondary school students in Oyo state, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using mixed methods (a quantitative survey of 653 students and 18 in-depth interviews with victims and/or perpetrators). Survey students were selected using multi-stage sampling and in-depth interviewees were selected purposively. History of electronic aggression (as a perpetrator and/or victim) in the 3 months preceding the study was obtained. Respondents also provided information on the effects of the last incident of bullying on them and whether or not they reported this incident.Results25.8% of males and 22.1% of females had perpetrated electronic aggression, while 42.7% of females were victims compared to 36.8% of males. More females (58.1%) than males (40.3%) perpetrated electronic aggression via phone calls and more males (33.8%) than females (22.6%) perpetrated electronic aggression via chatrooms. 45.4% of male victims and 39.4% of female victims felt angry following the last cyberbully incident. Findings from the in-depth interviewees corroborated the survey findings and a male victim reported feeling very sad and even tried to stay away from school following repeated episodes of electronic aggression. More female (59.1%) than male (42.7%) victims reported the incident to someone (p=0.035).ConclusionsIncidents of electronic aggression were common and the experiences of male and female students were comparable, although more female victims reported the incidents they had experienced. Victims, especially males, should be encouraged to report incidents so that the relevant authorities can institute interventions to address the problem.
Has open data arrived at theBritish Medical Journal (BMJ)? An observational study
Authors: Rowhani-Farid Anisa , Barnett Adrian G 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo quantify data sharing trends and data sharing policy compliance at theBritish Medical Journal (BMJ)by analysing the rate of data sharing practices, and investigate attitudes and examine barriers towards data sharing.DesignObservational study.SettingTheBMJresearch archive.Participants160 randomly sampledBMJresearch articles from 2009 to 2015, excluding meta-analysis and systematic reviews.Main outcome measuresPercentages of research articles that indicated the availability of their raw data sets in their data sharing statements, and those that easily made their data sets available on request.Results3 articles contained the data in the article. 50 out of 157 (32%) remaining articles indicated the availability of their data sets. 12 used publicly available data and the remaining 38 were sent email requests to access their data sets. Only 1 publicly available data set could be accessed and only 6 out of 38 shared their data via email. So only 7/157 research articles shared their data sets, 4.5% (95% CI 1.8% to 9%). For 21 clinical trials bound by theBMJdata sharing policy, the per cent shared was 24% (8% to 47%).ConclusionsDespite theBMJ's strong data sharing policy, sharing rates are low. Possible explanations for low data sharing rates could be: the wording of theBMJdata sharing policy, which leaves room for individual interpretation and possible loopholes; that our email requests ended up in researchers spam folders; and that researchers are not rewarded for sharing their data. It might be time for a more effective data sharing policy and better incentives for health and medical researchers to share their data.
Primary healthcare usage and morbidity among immigrant children compared with non-immigrant children: a population-based study in Norway
Authors: Fadnes Lars T , Møen Kathy Ainul , Diaz Esperanza 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesHealth status, disease spectrum and use of healthcare have been reported to vary across groups of migrants and according to the different phases of migration. However, most studies are conducted among adults. This study assesses usage of primary healthcare (PHC) by children with immigrant background compared with non-immigrant children in Norway and describes their relative morbidity burden.DesignPopulation-based retrospective cohort study.SettingThis study used 3 linked population-based registers in Norway for children under 18 years of age in 2008.Main exposure and outcome measuresImmigrants were defined as children with both parents born abroad, and further classified into first and second generation, and according to the World Bank income categories of their parents' country of origin. Usage and morbidity were assessed with negative binomial regression and logistic regression analyses, respectively. Further, population-attributable fraction analyses on PHC visits were conducted to estimate the impact on the primary health system.Participants1 168 365 children including 119 251 with immigrant background.ResultsThe mean number of visits to PHC for non-immigrant children was 1.40 compared with 1.19 for immigrants from high-income countries (HIC) and 1.76 for immigrants from low-income countries (LIC). Compared with non-immigrants, first generation immigrants used PHC significantly less after adjusting for age and sex (incidence risk ratio (IRR) 0.70 (HIC) to 0.93 (LIC)) while second generation immigrant children generally used PHC more (IRR 1.03 (HIC) to 1.43 (LIC)); however, the median number of visits were similar between all groups. The morbidity spectrum also varied between the groups.ConclusionsCompared with non-immigrants, the excess number of consultations attributable to immigrant groups corresponds to around 1.3% of PHC visits among children.
Experiences of violence across life course and its effects on mobility among participants in the International Mobility in Aging Study
Authors: Guedes Dimitri Taurino , Vafaei Afshin , Alvarado Beatriz Eugenia , Curcio Carmen Lucia , Guralnik Jack M , Zunzunegui María Victoria , Guerra Ricardo Oliveira 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundLife course exposure to violence may lead to disability in old age. We examine associations and pathways between life course violence and mobility disability in older participants of the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS).MethodsA cross-sectional study using IMIAS 2012 baseline. Men and women aged 65–74 years were recruited at 5 cities (n=1995): Kingston and Saint-Hyacinthe (Canada), Tirana (Albania), Manizales (Colombia) and Natal (Brazil). Mobility was assessed by the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and by 2 questions on difficulty in walking and climbing stairs. Childhood physical abuse history and the HITS instrument were used to gather information on childhood exposure to violence and violence by intimate partners or family members. Multivariate logistic regression and mediation analysis models were constructed to explore the significance of direct and indirect effects of violence on mobility. Interaction effects of gender on violence and on each of the mediators were tested.ResultsExperiences of physical violence at any point of life were associated with mobility disability (defined as SPPB<8 or limitation in walking/climbing stairs) while psychological violence was not. Chronic conditions, C reactive protein, physical activity and depression mediated the effect of childhood exposure to violence on both mobility outcomes. Chronic conditions and depression were pathways between family and partner violence and both mobility outcomes. Physical activity was a significant pathway linking family violence to mobility. Gender interactions were not significant.ConclusionsOur results provide evidence for the detrimental effects of life course exposure to violence on mobility in later life.