bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design and evaluation of the objective motion cueing test and criterion
Authors: Hosman R. , Advani S. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTSince the introduction of hexapod-type motion systems for flight simulation in the 1970s, Motion Drive Algorithm tuning has been primarily based on the subjective judgement of experienced pilots. This subjective method is often not transparent and often leads to ambiguous process of adjustment of the tuning parameters. Consequently, there are large variations in the motion cueing characteristics of flight training devices, a variability that subsequently raises questions regarding the value of motion cueing for pilot training itself. The third revision of ICAO 9625 Manual of Criteria for the Qualification of Flight Simulation Training Devices offered the opportunity to take a closer look at simulator motion cueing requirements in general. This led to the concept of the objective motion cueing test (OMCT), which was reported in 2006. After the method was evaluated on three research flight simulators, the results were published in 2007, demonstrating a larger spread in dynamic behaviour of cueing algorithms than expected. After discussions with the simulator industry regarding the form and methodology of the OMCT, an evaluation of the test in cooperation with the industry started in 2011. This led to the final form of the OMCT and cueing parameter criterion for the in-flight mode of transport aircraft. This paper describes the OMCT, the evaluation results and the criterion.
Medical Rescue of China International Search & Rescue Team (CISAR) in Nepal Earthquake
Authors: Yang Jiong , Yang Zhen , Lv Qi , Liu Hai-feng , Ding Hui , Yu Meng-yang , Zeng Xi-huan , Wang Xin , Fan Hao-jun 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOn April 25, 2015, a massive 8.1-magnitude earthquake struck Nepal at 2:11 pm (Beijing time). The 68-member-strong China International Search & Rescue Team (CISAR) left for Nepal at 6 am, April 26, to help with relief work. The CISAR was the first foreign team to rescue a survivor who was trapped beneath the rubble in the Gongabu area after the earthquake. On May 8, the team fulfilled the search-and-rescue mission and returned to Beijing. During the 2 weeks of rescue work, the team treated more than 3700 victims and cleared approximately 430 buildings. In this rescue mission, 10 experienced medical officers (including nine doctors and a nurse) from the General Hospital of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force (PAP) comprised the medical team of CISAR. In this report, we focus on the medical rescues by CISAR and discuss the characteristics of the medical rescue in Nepal. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:536–538)
How Prepared Are Hospitals’ Emergency Management Capacity? Factors Influencing Efficiency of Disaster Rescue
Authors: Gao Lijun , Wu Qunhong , Li Ye , Ding Ding , Hao Yanhua , Cui Yu , Kang Zheng , Jiao Mingli , Liang Libo , Ferrier Adamm , Ning Ning , Sun Hong 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectivesIn light of government investment over the past decade, we explored the capacity for disaster response in Heilongjiang Province, identifying the factors that affect response capacity.MethodsWe surveyed 1257 medical staff in 65 secondary and tertiary hospitals in Heilongjiang province to explore their perceptions of disaster management capacity using a cross-sectional multistage, stratified cluster sampling method.ResultsAll tertiary hospitals (100%) and most secondary hospitals (93%) have documented disaster management plans that are regularly reviewed. In secondary hospitals, drills were less prevalent (76.7%) but the occurrence of simulated training exercises was closer to tertiary hospitals (86.0%). We noted that 95.4% of all hospitals have leadership groups responsible for disaster preparedness capacity building, but only 10.8% have a stockpiled network of reserve supplies.ConclusionsAlthough response capacity has improved in Heilongjiang Province, vulnerabilities remain. We recommend that priorities should be targeted at preparedness capacity building, in terms of reliable and relevant operational response plans, the expansion of existing response mechanisms to oversee local education and scenario training, and to ensure there is sufficient access to protective equipment and materials, either held in reserve, or alternatively by activating resilient supply chain mechanisms. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2018;12:176–183)
On the three-dimensional stability of a solid-body rotation flow in a finite-length rotating pipe
Authors: Wang Shixiao , Rusak Zvi , Gong Rui , Liu Feng 
Published: May 2016

The three-dimensional, inviscid and viscous flow instability modes that appear on a solid-body rotation flow in a finite-length straight, circular pipe are analysed. This study is a direct extension of the Wang & Rusak (Phys. Fluids, vol. 8 (4), 1996a, pp. 1007–1016) analysis of axisymmetric instabilities on inviscid swirling flows in a pipe. The linear stability equations are the same as those derived by Kelvin (Phil. Mag., vol. 10, 1880, pp. 155–168). However, we study a general mode of perturbation that satisfies the inlet, outlet and wall conditions of a flow in a finite-length pipe with a fixed in time and in space vortex generator ahead of it. This mode is different from the classical normal mode of perturbations. The eigenvalue problem for the growth rate and the shape of the perturbations for any azimuthal wavenumber $m$ consists of a linear system of partial differential equations in terms of the axial and radial coordinates ($x,r$). The stability problem is solved numerically for all azimuthal wavenumbers $m$. The computed growth rates and the related shapes of the various perturbation modes that appear in sequence as a function of the base flow swirl ratio (${\it\omega}$) and pipe length ($L$) are presented. In the inviscid flow case, the $m=1$ modes are the first to become unstable as the swirl ratio is increased and dominate the perturbation’s growth in a certain range of swirl levels. The $m=1$ instability modes compete with the axisymmetric ($m=0$) instability modes as the swirl ratio is further increased. In the viscous flow case, the viscous damping effects reduce the modes’ growth rates. The neutral stability line is presented in a Reynolds number ($Re$) versus swirl ratio (${\it\omega}$) diagram and can be used to predict the first appearance of axisymmetric or spiral instabilities as a function of $Re$ and $L$. We use the Reynolds–Orr equation to analyse the various production terms of the perturbation’s kinetic energy and establish the elimination of the flow axial homogeneity at high swirl levels as the underlying physical mechanism that leads to flow exchange of stability and to the appearance of both spiral and axisymmetric instabilities. The viscous effects in the bulk have only a passive influence on the modes’ shapes and growth rates. These effects decrease with the increase of $Re$. We show that the inviscid flow stability results are the inviscid-limit stability results of high-$Re$ rotating flows.
Midlife moderation-quantified healthy diet and 40-year mortality risk from CHD: the prospective National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study
Authors: Dai Jun , Krasnow Ruth E. , Reed Terry 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is unknown whether influences of midlife whole diet on the long-term CHD mortality risk are independent of genetic and common environmental factors or familial predisposition. We addressed this question prospectively using data from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Twin Study. We included 910 male twins who were middle-aged and had usual diet assessed with nutritionist-administered, cross-checked dietary history interview at baseline (1969–1973). Moderation-quantified healthy diet (MQHD), a dietary pattern, was created to evaluate a whole diet. Primary outcome was time-to-CHD death. Hazard ratios (HR) were estimated using frailty survival model. Known CHD risk factors were controlled. During the follow-up of 40 years through 31 December 2009, 113 CHD deaths, 198 total cardiovascular deaths and 610 all-cause deaths occurred. In the entire cohort, the multivariable-adjusted HR for the overall association (equivalent to a general population association) was 0·76 (95 % CI 0·66, 0·88) per 10-unit increment in the MQHD score for CHD, and the multivariable-adjusted HR for a twin with a MQHD score ten units higher than his co-twin brother was 0·79 (95 % CI 0·64, 0·96,P=0·02) for CHD independent of familial predisposition. Similar results were found for a slightly more food-specified alternative moderation-quantified healthy diet (aMQHD). The between-pair association (reflecting familial influence) was significant for CHD for both MQHD and aMQHD. It is concluded that associations of MQHD and aMQHD with a lower long-term CHD mortality risk are both nutritionally and familially affected, supporting their use for dietary planning to prevent CHD mortality.
PumaPuma concolordensity estimation in the Mediterranean Andes of Chile
Authors: Guarda Nicolás , Gálvez Nicolás , Leichtle Jorge , Osorio Christian , Bonacic Cristian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractKnowledge about the pumaPuma concolorin the Mediterranean Andes of South America is scarce, with little information available about its distribution and ecology. The species has been hunted in the region for centuries and seems to be relegated to remote areas, where it still comes into conflict with rural communities. Camera-trap surveys have been used to estimate puma density across the species’ distribution, and this is a relatively cost-effective approach to generate information about species abundance. We tested the performance of this method in the Andes of central Chile, where the rugged topography, unknown detection probability, and an expected low density make abundance estimation by other methods unreliable or expensive. Using a rotation of 17 camera-trap stations, for a total of 680 camera-days, we obtained 16 records of pumas and were able to identify four individuals in an effective sampling area of 628 km2(1/2 mean maximum distance moved) or 1,518 km2(mean maximum distance moved). Capture–recapture models estimated a minimum density of 0.3 ± SE 0.07 to 0.75 ± SE 0.17 adult pumas per 100 km2. This is the first estimate of the density of the puma in the Mediterranean Andes, and one of the lowest reported for the Neotropics. Although this low abundance does not necessarily imply a threat to the species, it suggests that the population is potentially vulnerable to threats such as illegal hunting. Our findings demonstrate that camera trapping is an effective technique in difficult field conditions and may be the most appropriate method to assess puma densities in this region.
Re-examining British Welfare-to-Work Contracting using a Transaction Cost Perspective
Authors: BENNETT HAYLEY 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article critically reflects on the administration of activation services in the UK. It describes the welfare-to-work quasi-market and focuses on the impact of 2008 commissioning reforms that advocated amalgamating small contracts into larger ‘lots’, creating a top tier of prime providers to manage subcontractors, and increasing outcome-based funding. Drawing on transaction cost theory and empirical case study research, it is demonstrated that these changes led to an increase in a range of activities and costs for competing service providers that undermine government rhetoric of choice and efficiency. This article adds to the existing literature on welfare-to-work contracting by demonstrating the difficulties some organisations face in the context of welfare markets and questioning public service out-sourcing processes. It concludes by reflecting on the implications for future market-based social policy reforms.
FINITE TWO LAYERED QUEUEING SYSTEMS
Authors: Perel Efrat , Yechiali Uri 
Published: May 2016

We study layered queueing systems comprised two interlacing finite M/M/• type queues, where users of each layer are the servers of the other layer. Examples can be found in file sharing programs, SETI@home project, etc. Let Li denote the number of users in layer i, i=1, 2. We consider the following operating modes: (i) All users present in layer i join forces together to form a single server for the users in layer j (j≠i), with overall service rate μjLi (that changes dynamically as a function of the state of layer i). (ii) Each of the users present in layer i individually acts as a server for the users in layer j, with service rate μj.These operating modes lead to three different models which we analyze by formulating them as finite level-dependent quasi birth-and-death processes. We derive a procedure based on Matrix Analytic methods to derive the steady state probabilities of the two dimensional system state. Numerical examples, including mean queue sizes, mean waiting times, covariances, and loss probabilities, are presented. The models are compared and their differences are discussed.
PBR1 selectively controls biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes by modulating translation of the large chloroplast gene Ycf1 in Arabidopsis
Authors: Yang Xiao-Fei , Wang Yu-Ting , Chen Si-Ting , Li Ji-Kai , Shen Hong-Tao , Guo Fang-Qing 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe biogenesis of photosystem I (PSI), cytochrome b6f (Cytb6f) and NADH dehydrogenase (NDH) complexes relies on the spatially and temporally coordinated expression and translation of both nuclear and chloroplast genes. Here we report the identification of photosystem biogenesis regulator 1 (PBR1), a nuclear-encoded chloroplast RNA-binding protein that regulates the concerted biogenesis of NDH, PSI and Cytb6f complexes. We identified Ycf1, one of the two largest chloroplast genome-encoded open reading frames as the direct downstream target protein of PBR1. Biochemical and molecular analyses reveal that PBR1 regulates Ycf1 translation by directly binding to its mRNA. Surprisingly, we further demonstrate that relocation of the chloroplast gene Ycf1 fused with a plastid-transit sequence to the nucleus bypasses the requirement of PBR1 for Ycf1 translation, which sufficiently complements the defects in biogenesis of NDH, PSI and Cytb6f complexes in PBR1-deficient plants. Remarkably, the nuclear-encoded PBR1 tightly controls the expression of the chloroplast gene Ycf1 at the translational level, which is sufficient to sustain the coordinated biogenesis of NDH, PSI and Cytb6f complexes as a whole. Our findings provide deep insights into better understanding of how a predominant nuclear-encoded factor can act as a migratory mediator and undergoes selective translational regulation of the target plastid gene in controlling biogenesis of photosynthetic complexes.
On the general constraints in single qubit quantum process tomography
Authors: Bhandari Ramesh , Peters Nicholas A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe briefly review single-qubit quantum process tomography for trace-preserving and nontrace-preserving processes, and derive explicit forms of the general constraints for fitting experimental data. These forms provide additional insight into the structure of the process matrix. We illustrate this with several examples, including a discussion of qubit leakage error models and the intuition which can be gained from their process matrices.
Efficient artificial mineralization route to decontaminate Arsenic(III) polluted water - the Tooeleite Way
Authors: Malakar Arindam , Das Bidisa , Islam Samirul , Meneghini Carlo , De Giudici Giovanni , Merlini Marco , Kolen’ko Yury V. , Iadecola Antonella , Aquilanti Giuliana , Acharya Somobrata , Ray Sugata 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIncreasing exposure to arsenic (As) contaminated ground water is a great threat to humanity. Suitable technology for As immobilization and removal from water, especially for As(III) than As(V), is not available yet. However, it is known that As(III) is more toxic than As(V) and most groundwater aquifers, particularly the Gangetic basin in India, is alarmingly contaminated with it. In search of a viable solution here, we took a cue from the natural mineralization of Tooeleite, a mineral containing Fe(III) and As(III)ions, grown under acidic condition, in presence of SO42− ions. Complying to this natural process, we could grow and separate Tooeleite-like templates from Fe(III) and As(III) containing water at overall circumneutral pH and in absence of SO42− ions by using highly polar Zn-only ends of wurtzite ZnS nanorods as insoluble nano-acidic-surfaces. The central idea here is to exploit these insoluble nano-acidic-surfaces (called as INAS in the manuscript) as nucleation centres for Tooeleite growth while keeping the overall pH of the aqueous media neutral. Therefore, we propose a novel method of artificial mineralization of As(III) by mimicking a natural process at nanoscale.
Topological distortion and reorganized modular structure of gut microbial co-occurrence networks in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Baldassano Steven N. , Bassett Danielle S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe gut microbiome plays a key role in human health and alterations of the normal gut flora are associated with a variety of distinct disease states. Yet, the natural dependencies between microbes in healthy and diseased individuals remain far from understood. Here we use a network-based approach to characterize microbial co-occurrence in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and healthy (non-IBD control) individuals. We find that microbial networks in patients with IBD differ in both global structure and local connectivity patterns. While a “core” microbiome is preserved, network topology of other densely interconnected microbe modules is distorted, with potent inflammation-mediating organisms assuming roles as integrative and highly connected inter-modular hubs. We show that while both networks display a rich-club organization, in which a small set of microbes commonly co-occur, the healthy network is more easily disrupted by elimination of a small number of key species. Further investigation of network alterations in disease might offer mechanistic insights into the specific pathogens responsible for microbiome-mediated inflammation in IBD.
Commercial processed soy-based food product contains glycated and glycoxidated lunasin proteoforms
Authors: Serra Aida , Gallart-Palau Xavier , See-Toh Rachel Su-En , Hemu Xinya , Tam James P. , Sze Siu Kwan 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNutraceuticals have been proposed to exert positive effects on human health and confer protection against many chronic diseases. A major bioactive component of soy-based foods is lunasin peptide, which has potential to exert a major impact on the health of human consumers worldwide, but the biochemical features of dietary lunasin still remain poorly characterized. In this study, lunasin was purified from a soy-based food product via strong anion exchange solid phase extraction and then subjected to top-down mass spectrometry analysis that revealed in detail the molecular diversity of lunasin in processed soybean foods. We detected multiple glycated proteoforms together with potentially toxic advanced glycation end products (AGEs) derived from lunasin. In both cases, modification sites were Lys24 and Lys29 located at the helical region that shows structural homology with a conserved region of chromatin-binding proteins. The identified post-translational modifications may have an important repercussion on lunasin epigenetic regulatory capacity. Taking together, our results demonstrate the importance of proper chemical characterization of commercial processed food products to assess their impact on consumer’s health and risk of chronic diseases.
Patients with first-episode, drug-naive schizophrenia and subjects at ultra-high risk of psychosis shared increased cerebellar-default mode network connectivity at rest
Authors: Wang Houliang , Guo Wenbin , Liu Feng , Wang Guodong , Lyu Hailong , Wu Renrong , Chen Jindong , Wang Shuai , Li Lehua , Zhao Jingping 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIncreased cerebellar-default mode network (DMN) connectivity has been observed in first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia. However, it remains unclear whether increased cerebellar-DMN connectivity starts earlier than disease onset. Thirty-four ultra-high risk (UHR) subjects, 31 first-episode, drug-naive patients with schizophrenia and 37 healthy controls were enrolled for a resting-state scan. The imaging data were analyzed using the seed-based functional connectivity (FC) method. Compared with the controls, UHR subjects and patients with schizophrenia shared increased connectivity between the right Crus I and bilateral posterior cingulate cortex/precuneus and between Lobule IX and the left superior medial prefrontal cortex. There are positive correlations between the right Crus I-bilateral precuneus connectivity and clinical variables (Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes/Positive and Negative Symptom Scale negative symptoms/total scores) in the UHR subjects. Increased cerebellar-DMN connectivity shared by the UHR subjects and the patients not only highlights the importance of the DMN in the pathophysiology of psychosis but also may be a trait alteration for psychosis.
Fe-MIL-101 exhibits selective cytotoxicity and inhibition of angiogenesis in ovarian cancer cells via downregulation of MMP
Authors: Wang Jiaqiang , Chen Daomei , Li Bin , He Jiao , Duan Deliang , Shao Dandan , Nie Minfang 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThough metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have inspired potential applications in biomedicine, cytotoxicity studies of MOFs have been relatively rare. Here we demonstrate for the first time that an easily available MOF, Fe-MIL-101, possesses intrinsic activity against human SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells and suppress the proliferation of SKOV3 cells (IC50 = 23.6 μg mL−1) and normal mouse embryonic fibroblasts (BABL-3T3, IC50 = 78.3 μg mL−1) cells. It was more effective against SKOV3 cells than typical anticancer drugs such as artesunate (ART, IC50 = 96.9 μg mL−1) and oxaliplatin (OXA, IC50 = 64.4 μg mL−1), but had less effect on normal BABL-3T3 cells compared with ART (IC50 = 36.6 μg mL−1) and OXA (IC50 = 13.8 μg mL−1). Fe-MIL-101 induced apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) via G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential in HUVECs and induced apoptosis. Furthermore, Fe-MIL-101 exhibited stronger antiangiogenic effects in HUVEC cells than antiangiogenic inhibitor (SU5416) via downregulation the expression of MMP-2/9. Our results reveal a new role of Fe-MIL-101 as a novel, non-toxic anti-angiogenic agent that restricted ovarian tumour growth. These findings could open a new avenue of using MOFs as potential therapeutics in angiogenesis-dependent diseases, including ovarian cancer.