bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Educating for sustainability in language degrees: a tale of 2 case-studies
Authors: Hubscher-Davidson Séverine , Panichelli-Batalla Stéphanie 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
According to the 2014 joint report drafted by the Quality Assurance Agency and Higher Education Academy (QAA/HEA), universities have a key role to play in the development of sustainability literate graduates who can contribute to an environmentally responsible society. This paper aims to assess language students’ understanding of sustainable development (SD) issues.

Design/methodology/approach
Study 1 surveys two cohorts of final-year language students about to enter the graduate job market, and Study 2 surveys first-year language students before and after the inclusion of SD content in one of their modules. The questions to the students are provided along with qualitative and quantitative results.

Findings
Results suggest that only 48 per cent of language graduates are currently aware that they will need to take account of the environmental impact of their work as professional practitioners and 52 per cent do not consider it appropriate to learn about SD during their degree. However, results also suggest that incorporating SD early on in the language curriculum could contribute positively to the development of sustainability literate graduates.

Originality/value
While many language departments are aware of the importance of integrating sustainability into their curricula, and while employers are increasingly demanding sustainability literate graduates, there is little evidence that language students leave university with a real understanding of sustainability issues. This paper presents evidence of the current situation, as well as a novel way to integrate sustainability into the language curriculum to remedy the situation.
HSBC Mexico AML failings: a case study
Authors: O’Sullivan Patrick 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a brief overview of the anti-money laundering (AML) failings documented by the US Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations found in Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation (HSBC) Mexico. This paper focuses in on the key areas of concern raised by the 2012 report in respect of HSBC Mexico (HBMX) such as failure to undertake correct customer due diligence on high risk customers and repeated failings by senior management at HBMX to remedy these problems.

Design/methodology/approach
The relevant parts of the Subcommittee report relating to HBMX were examined along with the evidence submitted to the Subcommittee. From this examination, the author then noted the key examples of AML failings at HBMX and then commented on these examples while also referring to academic and regulatory guidance such as that from Financial Action Task Force.

Findings
Certain proposals are made throughout the paper, but these remain only suggestive. The key point is that the failings evident in HBMX may very well arise in other institutions, and this paper proposes how these failings may be resolved.

Research limitations/implications
Research for this paper remained limited to second-source references such as the Subcommittee report and the listed Exhibits along with other academic resources. The paper was also peer reviewed by a compliance officer. However, examining the paper from a more practical viewpoint may have struck a better balance between an optimal and realistic level of compliance.

Practical implications
Adopting an analytic approach to the subject of AML controls should aid those who work in compliance daily while also generating further commentary among both regulators and senior management within financial institutions.

Originality/value
The paper is the only one to date to focus on one geographical strand of the AML failings at HSBC and then comment on this from an academic perspective.
Offering a hybrid approach of data mining to predict the customer churn based on bagging and boosting methods
Authors: Fathian Mohammad , Hoseinpoor Yaser , Minaei-Bidgoli Behrouz 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– Churn management is a fundamental process in firms to keep their customers. Therefore, predicting the customer’s churn is essential to facilitate such processes. The literature has introduced data mining approaches for this purpose. On the other hand, results indicate that performance of classification models increases by combining two or more techniques. The purpose of this paper is to propose a combined model based on clustering and ensemble classifiers.

Design/methodology/approach
– Based on churn data set in Cell2Cell, single baseline classifiers, ensemble classifiers are used for comparisons. Specifically, self-organizing map (SOM) clustering technique, and four other classifier techniques including decision tree, artificial neural networks, support vector machine, and K-nearest neighbors were used. Moreover, for reduced dimensions of the features, principal component analysis (PCA) method was employed.

Findings
– As results 14 models are compared with each other regarding accuracy, sensitivity, specification, F-measure, and AUC. The results showed that combination of SOM, PCA, and heterogeneous boosting achieved the best performance comparing with other classification models.

Originality/value
– This study examined the performance of classifier ensembles in predicting customers churn. In particular, heterogeneous classifier ensembles such as bagging and boosting are compared.
Spatially embedded inequality
Authors: Holck Lotte 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to apply a spatial approach to organizational inequality to explore why unequal opportunity structures persist in an organization despite its commitment to diversity and employing highly skilled ethnic minority employees.

Design/methodology/approach
– The (re)production of inequality is explored by linking research on organizational space with HRM diversity management. Data from an ethnographic study undertaken in a Danish municipal center illustrates how a substructure of inequality is spatially upheld alongside a formal diversity policy. Archer’s distinction between structure and agency informs the analysis of how minority agency not only reproduces but also challenges organizational opportunity structures.

Findings
– The analysis demonstrates how substructures of inequality stabilize in spatial routines enacted in an ethnic zoning of the workplace and ethnification of job categories. However, the same spatial structures allows for a variety of opposition and conciliation strategies among minority employees, even though the latter tend to prevail in a reproduction rather than a transformation of the organizational opportunity structures.

Research limitations/implications
– The reliance on a single case study restricts the generalizability of the findings but highlights fruitful areas for future research.

Practical implications
– The study sensitizes HRM practitioners to the situated quality of workplace diversity and to develop a broader scope of HRM practices to address the more subtle, spatially embedded forms of inequality.

Originality/value
– Theoretical and empirical connections between research on organizational space and HRM diversity management have thus far not been systematically studied. This combination might advance knowledge on the persistence of micro-inequality even in organizations formally committed to diversity.
I will follow (when I need to)
Authors: de Jong Jeroen P. , Curseu Petru L. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate if the personality trait of desire for control over others (DFCO) matters to team leadership and performance, and how commitment to the leader mediates this relationship. Furthermore, the authors study whether intergroup competition moderates this indirect relationship.Design/methodology/approach– The authors test hypotheses for mediation and moderation using a sample of 78 groups and their leaders. Commitment to the leader and intergroup competition were measured at the team member level, while DFCO and team performance was rated by the team leader. Bootstrapping was used to assess the significance of the (conditional) indirect effects.Findings– The results show that leader’s DFCO does not relate to team performance through commitment to the leader. Leader’s DFCO only relates negatively to team performance through commitment to the leader when the team operates in a context with little or moderate intergroup competition. In a highly competitive environment, however, leader’s DFCO does little damage to team performance.Originality/value– This research is the first study to focus on DFCO as a personality trait of a group leader. In doing so, it adds to the continuing debate about leader personality and context, as well as the ongoing study on how subordinates respond to different levels of control over decisions in groups.
Performance Measures in Earnings‐Based Financial Covenants in Debt Contracts
Authors: LI NINGZHONG 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper examines how performance measures are defined in major earnings‐based financial covenants in loan contracts to shed light on the economic rationales underlying the contractual use of performance measures. I find an earnings‐based covenant is typically based on a performance measure close to earnings before interest, tax, amortization, and depreciation expenses (EBITDA). However, my empirical analyses show that EBITDA is less useful in explaining credit risk than earnings before interest and tax expenses (EBIT) and even the bottom‐line net income. Thus, measuring credit risk cannot fully explain the choice of accounting performance measures in earnings‐based covenants. I conjecture that contracting parties choose an EBITDA‐related measure, instead of a measure calculated after depreciation and amortization expenses (e.g., EBIT), to make the performance measure less sensitive to investment activities, which can be controlled through other contractual terms, such as a restriction on capital expenditure, and provide empirical evidence consistent with this conjecture.
Gravitational deformation and inherited structural control on slope morphology in the subduction zone of north‐central Chile (ca. 29–33°S)
Authors: Becerra Juan , Arriagada César , Contreras‐Reyes Eduardo , Bascuñan Sebastián , De Pascale Gregory P. , Reichert Christian , Díaz‐Naveas Juan , Cornejo Natalia 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSubduction zones provide direct insight into plate boundary deformation and by studying these areas we better understand tectonic processes and variability over time. We studied the structure of the offshore subduction zone system of the Pampean flat‐slab segment (ca. 29–33°S) of the Chilean margin using seismic and bathymetric constraints. Here, we related and analysed the structural styles of the offshore and onshore western fore‐arc. Overlying the acoustic top of the continental basement, two syn‐extensional seismic sequences were recognised and correlated with onshore geological units and the Valparaíso Forearc Basin seismic sequences: (SII) Pliocene‐Pleistocene and (SI) Miocene‐Pliocene (Late Cretaceous (?) to Miocene‐Pliocene) syn‐extensional sequences. These sequences are separated by an unconformity (i.e. Valparaíso Unconformity). Seismic reflection data reveal that the eastward dipping extensional system (EI) recognised at the upper slope can be extended to the middle slope and controlled the accumulation of the older seismic package (SI). The westward dipping extensional system (EII) is essentially restricted to the middle slope. Here, EII cuts the eastward dipping extensional system (EI), preferentially parallel to the inclination of the older sequences (SI), and controlled a series of middle slope basins which are filled by the Pliocene‐Pleistocene seismic sequence (SII). At the upper slope and in the western Coastal Cordillera, the SII sequence is controlled by eastward dipping faults (EII) which are the local reactivation of older extensional faults (EI). The tectonic boundary between the middle (eastern outermost forearc block) and upper continental slope (western coastal block) is a prominent system of trenchward dipping normal fault scarps (ca. 1 km offset) that resemble a major trenchward dipping extensional fault system. This prominent structural feature can be readily detected along the Chilean erosive margin as well as the two extensional sets (EI and EII). Evidence of slumping, thrusting, reactivated faults and mass transport deposits, were recognised in the slope domain and locally restricted to some eastern dipping faults. These features could be related to gravitational effects or slope deformation due to coseismic deformation. The regional inclination of the pre‐Pliocene sequences favoured the gravitational collapse of the outermost forearc block. We propose that the structural configuration of the study area is dominantly controlled by tectonic erosion as well as the uplift of the Coastal Cordillera, which is partially controlled by pre‐Pliocene architecture.
Seed traits and bird species influence the dispersal parameters of wetland plants
Authors: Reynolds Chevonne , Cumming Graeme S. 
Published: May 2016

Summary

Patterns of seed dispersal are strongly influenced by disperser and propagule traits. However, the relative importance of these characteristics for dispersal outcomes is unclear.

We investigated differences in the potential dispersal of wetland plants between Egyptian goose (Alopochen aegyptiaca) and red‐billed teal (Anas erythrorhyncha), two southern African Anatidae. The seeds of seven wetland plants with varying traits were fed to the birds and the dispersal parameters of gut passage time, recoverability and germinability of ingested seed were determined.

We tested the effect of disperser species and seed traits on dispersal parameters. In addition, we determined whether increased retention times lead to lower recovery and germination of ingested seed. We predicted that the seed traits of small size and increased hardness would be better at mediating the trade‐off between retention time and recoverability and germination, but that this might differ between vectors.

The dispersal parameters varied significantly between Egyptian goose and red‐billed teal. In particular, Egyptian goose had longer average and maximum retention times of seeds, but also higher recoverability. Furthermore, short seeds had significantly longer average retention time and were also recovered in the highest numbers. Short seed length potentially facilitates endozoochory by two complementary mechanisms. First, short seeds are less digestible, leading to higher recoverability. Second, due to lower digestibility, short seeds are able to survive at longer retention times to be dispersed further, similarly to hard seeds (with hardness positively correlated with seed mass).

Our results suggest that small seed length and hardness are optimal seed traits facilitating endozoochory in wetland plants. Dispersal parameters were also influenced by the bird species and indicate that differences in vector morphology and digestive physiology may likely have important consequences for seed dispersal. Hence, vector characteristics should be given more explicit consideration in future studies of seed dispersal in aquatic systems.
Patterns of land use, extensification, and intensification of Brazilian agriculture
Authors: Dias Lívia C. P. , Pimenta Fernando M. , Santos Ana B. , Costa Marcos H. , Ladle Richard J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSustainable intensification of agriculture is one of the main strategies to provide global food security. However, its implementation raises enormous political, technological, and social challenges. Meeting these challenges will require, among other things, accurate information on the spatial and temporal patterns of agricultural land use and yield. Here, we investigate historical patterns of agricultural land use (1940–2012) and productivity (1990–2012) in Brazil using a new high‐resolution (approximately 1 km2) spatially explicit reconstruction. Although Brazilian agriculture has been historically known for its extensification over natural vegetation (Amazon and Cerrado), data from recent years indicate that extensification has slowed down and was replaced by a strong trend of intensification. Our results provide the first comprehensive historical overview of agricultural land use and productivity in Brazil, providing clear insights to guide future territorial planning, sustainable agriculture, policy, and decision‐making.
Process and impact of patient involvement in a systematic review of shared decision making in primary care consultations
Authors: Hyde Catherine , Dunn Kate M. , Higginbottom Adele , Chew‐Graham Carolyn A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundPatient and public involvement and engagement (PPIE) in systematic reviews remains uncommon, despite the policy imperative for patient involvement in research. The aim of this study was to investigate the process and impact of collaborating with members of a patient Research User Group (RUG) on a systematic review about shared decision making around prescribing analgesia in primary care consultations.MethodsFive members of an established patient RUG collaborated with researchers undertaking a systematic review with narrative synthesis, through workshops held at three time‐points. These addressed the following: designing the protocol, interpreting the results and planning dissemination. Support from a RUG coordinator and user support worker facilitated collaboration throughout the review process. Researchers reflected on how PPIE modified the review at each time‐point.ResultsRUG members identified factors important in shared decision making around analgesic prescribing additional to those initially proposed by the research team. Search terms and specific outcomes of interest were amended to reflect these additional factors. Thirty of the 39 patient‐identified factors were absent in the published literature. The categories of factors identified were used as a framework for the narrative synthesis and for reporting results. RUG members prioritized options for disseminating the results.ConclusionPPIE collaboration throughout the systematic review impacted on the scope of the review, highlighting gaps in the literature that were important to patients. Impact on interpretation and dissemination of findings ensured the review directly reflected patient priorities. Challenges and strategies to facilitate PPIE involvement in systematic reviews and suggestions for future researchers are highlighted.
Closed incision negative pressure therapy: international multidisciplinary consensus recommendations
Authors: Willy Christian , Agarwal Animesh , Andersen Charles A , Santis Giorgio De , Gabriel Allen , Grauhan Onnen , Guerra Omar M , Lipsky Benjamin A , Malas Mahmoud B , Mathiesen Lars L , Singh Devinder P , Reddy V Sreenath 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSurgical site occurrences (SSOs) affect up to or over 25% of patients undergoing operative procedures, with the subset of surgical site infections (SSIs) being the most common. Commercially available closed incision negative pressure therapy (ciNPT) may offer surgeons an additional option to manage clean, closed surgical incisions. We conducted an extensive literature search for studies describing ciNPT use and assembled a diverse panel of experts to create consensus recommendations for when using ciNPT may be appropriate. A literature search of MEDLINE, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials using key words ‘prevention’, ‘negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT)’, ‘active incisional management’, ‘incisional vacuum therapy’, ‘incisional NPWT’, ‘incisional wound VAC’, ‘closed incisional NPWT’, ‘wound infection’, and ‘SSIs’ identified peer‐reviewed studies published from 2000 to 2015. During a multidisciplinary consensus meeting, the 12 experts reviewed the literature, presented their own ciNPT experiences, identified risk factors for SSOs and developed comprehensive consensus recommendations. A total of 100 publications satisfied the search requirements for ciNPT use. A majority presented data supporting ciNPT use. Numerous publications reported SSI risk factors, with the most common including obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2); diabetes mellitus; tobacco use; or prolonged surgical time. We recommend that the surgeon assess the individual patient's risk factors and surgical risks. Surgeons should consider using ciNPT for patients at high risk for developing SSOs or who are undergoing a high‐risk procedure or a procedure that would have highly morbid consequences if an SSI occurred.
Improving diagrammatic reasoning in middle school science using conventions of diagrams instruction
Authors: Miller B.W. , Cromley J.G. , Newcombe N.S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractVisual representations are essential for science understanding, but many students have poor diagrammatic reasoning skills. Previous research showed that teaching high school and college students about the conventions of diagrams (COD) can improve diagrammatic reasoning. In this study, middle school science students received COD instruction delivered as a classroom warm‐up using laptop computers, while control students received publisher‐developed warm‐up questions. Students receiving COD warm‐ups for 10 weeks (but not 4 weeks) improved their diagrammatic reasoning more than control students. Treatment students' answers were more accurate than control students' answers, especially on easy questions. The discourse of pairs of students during the warm‐ups showed that treatment students talked about the diagrams more and made more inferences and that this difference was greatest for easy questions. Results suggest that COD instruction can be initiated in middle school along with more formal science instruction, can be integrated into classroom routine using computer‐delivered warm‐ups, is helpful (if sustained) both for improving diagrammatic reasoning and for supporting learning science content and works at least in part by increasing students' engagement during routine work.
Focal adhesion kinase: predictor of tumour response and risk factor for recurrence after neoadjuvant chemoradiation in rectal cancer
Authors: Gómez del Pulgar Teresa , Cebrián Arancha , Fernández‐Aceñero Maria Jesús , Borrero‐Palacios Aurea , del Puerto‐Nevado Laura , Martínez‐Useros Javier , Marín‐Arango Juan Pablo , Caramés Cristina , Vega‐Bravo Ricardo , Rodríguez‐Remírez María , Cruz‐Ramos Marlid , Manzarbeitia Félix , García‐Foncillas Jesús 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRectal cancer represents about 30% of colorectal cancers, being around 50% locally advanced at presentation. Chemoradiation (CRT) followed by total mesorectal excision is the standard of care for these locally advanced stages. However, it is not free of adverse effects and toxicity and the complete pathologic response rate is between 10% and 30%. This makes it extremely important to define factors that can predict response to this therapy. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) expression has been correlated with worse prognosis in several tumours and its possible involvement in cancer radio‐ and chemosensitivity has been suggested; however, its role in rectal cancer has not been analysed yet. To analyse the association of FAK expression with tumour response to CRT in locally advanced rectal cancer. This study includes 73 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer receiving standard neoadjuvant CRT followed by total mesorectal excision. Focal adhesion kinase protein levels were immunohistochemically analysed in the pre‐treatment biopsies of these patients and correlated with tumour response to CRT and patients survival. Low FAK expression was significantly correlated with local and distant recurrence (P = 0.013). Low FAK expression was found to be a predictive marker of tumour response to neoadjuvant therapy (P = 0.007) and patients whose tumours did not express FAK showed a strong association with lower disease‐free survival (P = 0.01). Focal adhesion kinase expression predicts neoadjuvant CRT response in rectal cancer patients and it is a clinically relevant risk factor for local and distant recurrence.