bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leading change: introducing an electronic medical record system to a paramedic service
Authors: Baird Shawn , Boak George 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
Leaders in health-care organizations introducing electronic medical records (EMRs) face implementation challenges. The adoption of EMR by the emergency medical and ambulance setting is expected to provide wide-ranging benefits, but there is little research into the processes of adoption in this sector. The purpose of this study is to examine the introduction of EMR in a small emergency care organization and identify factors that aided adoption.

Design/methodology/approach
Semi-structured interviews with selected paramedics were followed up with a survey issued to all paramedics in the company.

Findings
The user interfaces with the EMR, and perceived ease of use, were important factors affecting adoption. Individual paramedics were found to have strong and varied preferences about how and when they integrated the EMR into their practice. As company leadership introduced flexibility of use, this enhanced both individual and collective ability to make sense of the change and removed barriers to acceptance.

Research limitations/implications
This is a case study of one small organization. However, there may be useful lessons for other emergency care organizations adopting EMR.

Practical implications
Leaders introducing EMR in similar situations may benefit from considering a sense-making perspective and responding promptly to feedback.

Originality/value
The study contributes to a wider understanding of issues faced by leaders who seek to implement EMRs in emergency medical services, a sector in which there has been to date very little research on this issue.
Substitutes for leadership: alternative perspectives
Authors: Hussain Ghulam , Wan Ismail Wan Khairuzzaman , Rashid Muhammad Amir , Nisar Fareeha 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore alternative models of substitutes for leadership. These alternative models are a leadership-only model, substitutes for the leadership-only model and substitutes for the leadership-mediated-effects model.Design/methodology/approachFour occupational groups were targeted, namely, PhD faculty of institutions of higher education, medical doctors who work in district headquarters’ hospitals, licensed pharmacists and certified engineers. Also, a self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data, and 523 usable responses were received.FindingsPartial least square path modeling was used for data analysis, and the results of structural models revealed that: the dimensions of transformational leadership significantly affected the followers’ outcomes; a few substitutes for leadership also significantly affected the followers’ outcomes; and, in some cases, substitutes for leadership significantly mediated the relationship between dimensions of transformational leadership and followers’ outcomes.Practical implicationsFindings of the study provide useful implications to improve the managerial practices of organizational leaders, work design strategies in organizations and overall organizational policies for effective functioning. Other developing countries with similar socio-economic status may use these findings to improve organizational functioning.Originality/valueThis study makes important contributions to the leadership literature. It tests three alternative models in the domain of substitutes for the leadership theory and tests the separate effects of dimensions of transformational leadership and substitutes for leadership on followers’ work outcomes. Further, it specifies the mediating effects of substitutes for leadership on the dimensions of transformational leadership and followers’ work outcomes. Most important, this study for the first time tests transformational leadership and substitutes for leadership concepts in Pakistani work settings and advances the theoretical and empirical literature in this local context.
Feminist Forays in the City: Imbalance and Intervention in Urban Research Methods
Authors: Parker Brenda 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this paper I argue that imbalances and silences persist in urban research. In particular, there is insufficient attention to anti‐racist and feminist theoretical, methodological, and empirical insights. Intersectional and materialist urban analyses that take difference seriously are under‐represented, while patriarchy, privilege, and positivism still linger. As a partial and aspirational remedy, I propose a “Feminist Partial Political Economy of Place” (FPEP) approach to urban research. FPEP is characterized by: (1) attention to gendered, raced, and intersectional power relations, including affinities and alliances; (2) reliance on partial, place‐based, materialist research that attends to power in knowledge production; (3) emphasis on feminist concepts of relationality to examine connections among sites, scales, and subjects, and to emphasize “life” and possibility; and (4) the use of theoretical toolkits to observe, interpret and challenge material‐discursive power relations. My own critique and research centers on North American cities, but FPEP approaches might help produce more robust, inclusive, and explanatory urban research in varied geographic contexts.
Oxytocin and Social Preference in Female House Mice (Mus musculus domesticus)
Authors: Harrison Nicola , Lopes Patricia C. , König Barbara 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn social species, same‐sex individuals may form social bonds behaviourally expressed as individual preferences, resulting in fitness benefits such as increased offspring survival, longevity and group cohesion. As a result of individual preferences, female house mice (Mus musculus domesticus) form social affiliations while communally nursing and may do so with kin or non‐kin. However, the mechanisms behind the formation of such preferences are unknown. Oxytocin has been linked to a range of social behaviours including bond facilitation, social memory and parental care. Here, we experimentally increased oxytocin in pairs of unfamiliar, unrelated females and predicted that females with elevated oxytocin would demonstrate increased affiliative behaviours compared against a control. Subsequently, we tested for the formation of a social preference, using a preference test with the previous partner and a new unfamiliar female. Our results indicated no significant effect of treatment on positive and negative behaviours between females during the three initial cohabitation days. In both treatments, females demonstrated increased socio‐positive behaviours and cohabitation time with their partner and decreased socio‐negative behaviours and latency to meet, over the 3‐d period. During the partner preference test, control but not oxytocin females demonstrated a significant preference for their cohabitation partner, and oxytocin females spent similar amounts of time with both stimulus females. Therefore, increasing peripheral oxytocin appears not to be involved in the facilitation of initial encounters with a stranger but may hinder the formation of a preference for this new partner.
Dry conditions disrupt terrestrial–aquatic linkages in northern catchments
Authors: Szkokan‐Emilson Erik J. , Kielstra Brian W. , Arnott Shelley E. , Watmough Shaun A. , Gunn John M. , Tanentzap Andrew J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAquatic ecosystems depend on terrestrial organic matter (tOM) to regulate many functions, such as food web production and water quality, but an increasing frequency and intensity of drought across northern ecosystems is threatening to disrupt this important connection. Dry conditions reduce tOM export and can also oxidize wetland soils and release stored contaminants into stream flow after rainfall. Here, we test whether these disruptions to terrestrial–aquatic linkages occur during mild summer drought and whether this affects biota across 43 littoral zone sites in 11 lakes. We use copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) as representative contaminants, and measure abundances of Hyalella azteca, a widespread indicator of ecosystem condition and food web production. We found that tOM concentrations were reduced but correlations with organic soils (wetlands and riparian forests) persisted during mild drought and were sufficient to suppress labile Cu concentrations. Wetlands, however, also became a source of labile Ni to littoral zones, which was linked to reduced abundances of the amphipod H. azteca, on average by up to 70 times across the range of observed Ni concentrations. This reveals a duality in the functional linkage of organic soils to aquatic ecosystems whereby they can help buffer the effects of hydrologic disconnection between catchments and lakes but at the cost of biogeochemical changes that release stored contaminants. As evidence of the toxicity of trace contaminant concentrations and their global dispersion grows, sustaining links among forests, organic soils and aquatic ecosystems in a changing climate will become increasingly important.
Fiscal Impact of Annexation Methodology on Municipal Finances in North Carolina
Authors: Smith Russell M. , Afonso Whitney B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMunicipal annexation is the most common form of local government boundary change and can have profound impacts on the annexing municipality as well as the area being annexed. While urban scholars have often touted the economic benefits of annexation for municipalities, little research has been conducted on the effect of annexation type on the economic well‐being of a municipality. Do voluntary annexations result in a larger economic windfall for annexing municipalities? Do involuntary annexations cost more? This study examined more than 6,000 annexations conducted by North Carolina municipalities between 1990 and 2000 in order to explore the impact annexation methodology had on municipal fiscal health. The results reveal that during the study period annexation resulted in a decrease in municipal fiscal health for North Carolina municipalities and that involuntary annexation had a particularly detrimental effect. This finding contradicts much of the previous research on the economic benefits of annexation for municipalities.
How U.S. Doctors Die: A Cohort Study of Healthcare Use at the End of Life
Authors: Matlock Daniel D. , Yamashita Traci E. , Min Sung‐Joon , Smith Alexander K. , Kelley Amy S. , M. Fischer Stacy 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesTo compare healthcare use in the last months of life between physicians and nonphysicians in the United States.DesignA retrospective observational cohort study.SettingUnited States.ParticipantsFee‐for‐service Medicare beneficiaries: decedent physicians (n = 9,947) and a random sample of Medicare decedents (n = 192,006).MeasurementsMedicare Part A claims data from 2008 to 2010 were used to measure days in the hospital and proportion using hospice in the last 6 months of life as primary outcome measures adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and regional variations in health care.ResultsInpatient hospital use in the last 6 months of life was no different between physicians and nonphysicians, although more physicians used hospice and for longer (using the hospital: odds ratio (OR) = 0.98, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.93–1.04; hospital days: mean difference 0.26, P = .14); dying in the hospital: OR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.95–1.04; intensive care unit (ICU) or critical care unit (CCU) days: mean difference 0.35 more days for physicians, P < .001); using hospice: OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.18–1.29; number of days in hospice: mean difference 2.06, P < .001).ConclusionThis retrospective, observational study is subject to unmeasured confounders and variation in coding practices, but it provides preliminary evidence of actual use. U.S. physicians were more likely to use hospice and ICU‐ or CCU‐level care. Hospitalization rates were similar.
Rate of short‐term colonization and distribution of leeches (Clitellata: Hirudinida) on artificial substrates
Authors: Adamiak‐Brud Ż. , Bielecki A. , Kobak J. , Jabłońska‐Barna I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLeeches are important members of communities developing on submerged hard substrates. We studied patterns of leech colonization and distribution on artificial substrates, which became more and more common in aquatic ecosystems. We deployed substrates on lake bottom and collected them over a 30‐day period to test the effect of exposure time, orientation in space (upward/downward), surface zone (edge/middle position), as well as interactions among leech individuals with other invertebrates. The results show that the rate of leech colonization depended on exposure time. Leech abundance grew intensively until reaching a stabilization state. The first colonizers were Erpobdellidae species and Helobdella sp. (after 2 days of exposure), whereas the rest of taxa from the Glossiphoniidae family appeared later (7–14 days). Leeches more readily inhabited substratum edges and surfaces directed downwards, than the middle zones and the surfaces facing upwards. Their distribution was contiguous and the tendency for group formation increased with the increasing density. Leeches mostly created small (2–3 individuals), mono or multispecies (groups of individuals less than 2 cm apart) agglomerations on artificial substrates. However, we did not find any relationship between the potential food resources occurring on the plates and leech abundance. Our study shows that leeches are fast colonizers of artificial substrates, with the most important factors affecting their recruitment and distribution including movement and feeding modes, occurrence of other leech individuals on the plates, taxonomic composition of leeches in the surrounding area, substratum orientation and the presence of surface irregularities (edges).
Dedifferentiated chordoid meningioma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation on the middle cranial fossa
Authors: Fudaba Hirotaka , Abe Tatsuya , Morishige Masaki , Momii Yasutomo , Kashima Kenji , Yamada Akira , Nagatomi Hirofumi , Natsume Atsushi , Hirato Junko , Nakazato Yoichi , Fujiki Minoru 
Published: May 2016

A 46‐year‐old woman presented with headache and right hemiparesis. MRI demonstrated a mass in the left middle fossa. Total resection was performed. A histological examination of the tumor specimen showed several characteristic morphological features. A chordoid meningioma showing an epithelial‐like palisade arrangement was observed. An anaplastic short spindle cell tumor exhibiting a fascicular pattern was considered to be a rhabdomyosarcoma. After conventional radiotherapy, the tumor was well controlled without any neurological deficit for 20 months. When subsequent recurrences were observed, the patient was treated by surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery and chemotherapy. Thirty‐two months after the initial treatment, the patient died due to intracranial dissemination and an autopsy was performed. The histological examination of the recurrent and autopsy specimens showed a prominent sarcoma component. This case appears to be the first reported intracranial tumor diagnosed as a dedifferentiated chordoid meningioma with rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation.
Efficacy and Safety of Radiofrequency Catheter Ablation of Tachyarrhythmias in 123 Children Under 3 Years of Age
Authors: JIANG HE , LI XIAO‐MEI , LI YAN‐HUI , ZHANG YAN , LIU HAI‐JU 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe risk‐benefit ratio of radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) in infants and toddlers remains controversial. Experience with RFCA in these patients is limited. This work is intended to describe the efficacy and safety of RFCA in children under 3 years of age with tachycardia complicated by drug resistance, drug intolerance, or tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed data from 123 consecutive children under 3 years of age (mean, 2.3 ± 0.8 years; weight, 13.6 ± 2.8 kg) with tachycardia complicated by drug resistance, drug intolerance, or tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy; the children underwent an electrophysiology study between 1994 and 2014 at our center. Fifteen children had congenital heart disease, and 27 children were under 1 year of age. Among the 109 children who underwent RFCA, acute success rate (no inducible arrhythmia before procedure completion), 2‐year rate of symptomatic tachyarrhythmia recurrence, and complication rate were assessed.ResultsAmong the 123 children studied, 76.4% had atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, 5.7% had atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, 2.4% had focal atrial tachycardia, 6.5% had atrial flutter, and 4.1% had idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia. For RFCA, the acute success rate was 94.5%, and the 2‐year recurrence rate was 6.8%, without any major complications.ConclusionRFCA appears to be an effective and safe therapeutic option in selected small children with tachycardia resistant to conventional medical management, tachycardia complicated by drug intolerance, or tachycardia‐induced cardiomyopathy.
Te Ara Whakapikōranga
Authors: Te Moananui-Makirere Justine , King Lisa , Eruera Moana , Tukukino Maree , Maoate-Davis Sharlene 
Published: May 2016

Mai TE AU I TE WHĀNAU,he whakaāhua te PUNA KI TE PUNA,nā ēra hei whakamau TE TOHU O TE RANGATIRAhei HONO MAI, HONO ATU i a tātou o te AO. I am a reflection of my ancestorsKnowledge inherited and developed to potentiate livesEncapsulating pathways for leadership and sovereigntyWoven into today’s world. Te Ara Whakapikiōranga (pathway to develop and sustain wellbeing), is a cultural framework grounded in Māori knowledge, beliefs and principles. It was developed to support and inform practice for all those who work with the potential and aspirations of whānau towards improved wellbeing. This cultural framework guides the reclamation of practice wisdom inherent within whānau.Whānau are experts of their everyday lived experiences, and hold the knowledge of their stories, past and present, aspirations, issues and complex dynamics that exist between whānau members and their extended and external relationships (Eruera, 2010).The framework is founded in the belief that transformation for whānau must be informed and sustained by whānau themselves. Furthermore, under the right conditions, support and resources, whānau have potential to effect their own positive change towards wellness.This article seeks to:describe the Te Ara Whakapikiōranga framework construction process, which is itself a whānau-centred approach;outline the four wahanga of the framework: te āu i te whānau, puna ki te puna, te tohu o te rangatira, hono mai hono atu;provide examples of the framework application into practice.
LABORATORY EVIDENCE FOR EMOTIONAL EXTERNALITIES: AN ESSAY IN HONOR OF EJ MISHAN
Authors: SGROI DANIEL , PROTO EUGENIO , OSWALD ANDREW J. , DOBSON ALEXANDER 
Published: May 2016

Professor EJ Mishan was a world expert on the idea of externalities. In this paper, we provide evidence for the intuitive idea of “emotional externalities”. These might be viewed as psychological spillovers from the well-being of one person upon the well-being of another. A new form of laboratory experiment is implemented. “Happiness” answers are elicited in the first few seconds of the experiment. Tragic life events — like family illness and bereavement — are then studied. The paper documents evidence consistent with a powerful caring-about-others effect. The paper’s results also suggest an approximate equivalence between life-satisfaction data and happiness data.Statistical offices should incorporate questions to capture people’s life evaluations, hedonic experiences and priorities … All these aspects of subjective well-being (cognitive evaluations, positive affects and negative affects) should be measured separately to get a satisfactory appreciation of people’s lives. Which of these aspects matters more, and for what purpose, is still an open question.Stiglitz et al., Commission on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, 2009
Abstract A100: In vivo models of pancreatic cancer for translational medicine
Authors: Behrens Diana , Anders Diana , Hallas Cora , Pahle Jessica , Fichtner Iduna 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In Germany pancreatic cancer remains a lethal disease with only 3 - 8% of patients surviving 5 years after diagnosis of the tumor (2005). Reasons for this poor situation are advanced and inoperable tumor stages at time of diagnosis and resistance to conventional therapies. One bottleneck in the development of novel therapies is the restricted availability of preclinical models with a high clinical relevance.
The aim of our study was to develop well-defined in vivo xenografts derived from patient pancreatic carcinomas to address translational questions. These xenografts can be used for identification of biomarkers and cancer related pathways as well as for the evaluation of targeted therapies. The genesis of pancreatic neoplasm, the progression of tumor growth as wells as the development of resistance can be elucidated with animal models of patient-derived material. And last but not least preclinical data can be used prospectively for efficient stratification of patients.
57 patient tumors were collected from the clinical cooperation partner and transplanted immediately into immune-deficient mice.
14 out of 57 samples could be established so far as passagable pancreatic cancer xenografts (PDX), 5 were identified as inflammations of the pancreas. Interestingly, we observed 4 out of 57 as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PLTD); 29 failed to grow in mice. All of the engrafted PDX are poor or moderate differentiated adenocarcinomas. Global gene expression analysis and determination of cancer associated mutations were performed from engrafted tumor models. According to clinical data we found K-ras mutations in 13 and additionally p53 mutations in 9 out of 14 PDX.
Chemosensitivity was evaluated by transplanting tumor material into cohorts of immune-deficient mice. Beginning from palpable tumor sizes mice were treated with clinically relevant therapies (Gemcitabine, Abraxane, 5FU, Oxaliplatin, Erlotinib as monotherapy or combinations) as well as PDAC untypical drugs like Irinotecan, Vincristine, Avastin and Sorafenib at optimized schedules and doses. The response to Gemcitabine was moderate within the PDX panel. The most efficient therapeutic was Abraxane. Additionally, we could establish a luciferase expressing PDX for in vivo imaging of orthotopic tumor grafts.
Patient-derived xenografts are a crucial tool for the prediction of therapy and potentially relevant for the implication into clinical decisions. We have successfully developed a panel of 14 pancreatic cancer PDX for translational research projects.
Citation Format: Diana Behrens, Diana Anders, Cora Hallas, Jessica Pahle, Iduna Fichtner. In vivo models of pancreatic cancer for translational medicine. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR-NCI-EORTC International Conference: Molecular Targets and Cancer Therapeutics; 2015 Nov 5-9; Boston, MA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Mol Cancer Ther 2015;14(12 Suppl 2):Abstract nr A100.