bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigating mechanoreceptor variability and morphometric proxies in Rhesus Macaques: Implications for primate precision touch studies
Authors: Covarrubias Brandon Vera , Kamminga Jordan M. , Muchlinski M. N. , Munds R. A. , Villero Núñez V. , Bauman Surratt S. ,   Cayo Biobank Research Unit, Martinez M. I. , Montague M. J. , Higham J. P. , Melin A. D. , Veilleux C. C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe origin of primates has long been associated with an increased emphasis on manual grasping and touch. Precision touch, facilitated by specialized mechanoreceptors in glabrous skin, provides critical sensory feedback for grasping‐related tasks and perception of ecologically‐relevant stimuli. Despite its importance, studies of mechanoreceptors in primate hands are limited, in part due to challenges of sample availability and histological methods. Dermatoglyphs have been proposed as alternative proxies of mechanoreceptor density. We investigated the relationships between mechanoreceptors (Meissner and Pacinian corpuscles), dermatoglyphs, and demography in the apical finger pads of 15 juvenile to adult rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) from a free‐ranging population at Cayo Santiago Primate Field Station (Puerto Rico). Our results indicate substantial interindividual variation in mechanoreceptor density (Meissner corpuscles: 11.9–43.3 corpuscles/mm2; Pacinian corpuscles: 0–4.5 corpuscles/mm2). While sex and digit were generally not associated with variation, there was strong evidence of a developmental effect. Specifically, apical pad length, Meissner corpuscle size, and Pacinian corpuscle depth increased while mechanoreceptor densities decreased throughout juvenescence, suggesting that primate mechanoreceptors change as fingers grow during adolescence and then stabilize at physical maturity. We also found Meissner corpuscle density was significantly associated with dermatoglyph ridge width and spacing, such that density predicted by a dermatoglyph model was strongly correlated with observed values. Dermatoglyphs thus offer a useful proxy of relative Meissner corpuscle density in primates, which opens exciting avenues of noninvasive research. Finally, our results underscore the importance of considering demographic factors and methodology in comparative studies of primate touch.
Evaluation of the effect of carvedilol orodispersible tablets on ischemia–reperfusion injury and flap viability in rats: An in vivo study
Authors: Tokgonul Serkan , Ozyilmaz Emine Dilek , Comoglu Tansel , Gürbüz Manolya Müjgan , Doğan Topal Burcu , Kocak Fatma Emel , Ozakpinar Hülda Rıfat 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlap surgery is an integral part of plastic surgery, and ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury significantly affects the viability of the flap. Carvedilol (CRV), a nonselective beta‐blocker with alpha‐1 blocking and antioxidant properties, and known for its potential in reducing I/R damage, was chosen as the active substance for our study. The aim of this study was to investigate the vasodilator and antioxidant effects of CRV on rat inferior epigastric artery skin flap using orally disintegrating tablets (ODTs). The optimized ODT formulation was subjected to in vivo experiments using Sprague–Dawley female rats (n = 24) divided into three groups: Group I (control, I/R), Group II (treatment, I/R + CRV), and Group III (treatment, I/R), I/R + CRV ODT). Reperfusion was then observed following the release of the microclamp from the pedicle, and the flap was then re‐adapted to its original position. Control rats were given oral isotonic solution via gavage and were subjected to 8 h of ischemia and 12 h of reperfusion. Group II was given 2 mg/kg CRV oral tablets for 7 days before and after surgery. Group III was given 2 mg/kg/day CRV ODT for the same period. Biopsies were taken from the flap and histopathological and biochemical analyses including superoxide dismutase, glutathionenitric oxide, malondialdehyde, paraoxonase 1, total oxidant, and total antioxidant capacities were performed. This study demonstrates that CRV ODTs significantly increased flap viability by approximately 25% compared to the control group, highlighting their promising therapeutic potential.
Cultivating the imagination: Caregiver input during pretend play with toddlers at elevated likelihood for autism
Authors: Altman Kathryn B. , Plate Samantha N. , Britsch Emily Roemer , Iverson Jana M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractToddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may exhibit less pretend play than their neurotypical counterparts. Previous research suggests that caregivers' input during play influences children's play behavior, and children's behavior may in turn prompt caregivers of differently developing children to talk about play in different ways. Caregiver input about pretend play during toy play at home was examined at 18‐ and 36‐months in toddlers with an older sibling with ASD, who are at elevated likelihood (EL) for ASD (n = 40), and toddlers with typical likelihood (TL) for ASD (n = 12). EL toddlers were classified into three outcome groups: EL‐ASD (n = 10), EL‐no diagnosis (EL‐ND; n = 14), or EL‐language delays (EL‐LD, n = 16). Caregiver utterances were categorized according to the types of pretend and non‐pretend play suggested (e.g., pretending with inanimate objects vs. using objects for their intended function). Pretend utterances were further categorized as related or unrelated to the child's own actions. All caregivers produced proportionately more utterances about complex types of pretend play over time. At 36 months, caregivers of autistic toddlers produced proportionately fewer pretend play utterances, and proportionately fewer pretend play utterances were related to EL‐ASD toddlers' actions compared to their neurotypical peers. These findings highlight bidirectional effects between caregivers and toddlers during play. While EL‐ASD toddlers may provide less frequent opportunities for caregivers to talk about complex types of pretend play, the current study highlights caregivers' high levels of attunement to their toddlers' play skills.
Mitochondrial dysfunction, cause or consequence in neurodegenerative diseases?
Authors: Van Acker Zoë P. , Leroy Thomas , Annaert Wim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNeurodegenerative diseases encompass a spectrum of conditions characterized by the gradual deterioration of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system. While their origins are multifaceted, emerging data underscore the pivotal role of impaired mitochondrial functions and endolysosomal homeostasis to the onset and progression of pathology. This article explores whether mitochondrial dysfunctions act as causal factors or are intricately linked to the decline in endolysosomal function. As research delves deeper into the genetics of neurodegenerative diseases, an increasing number of risk loci and genes associated with the regulation of endolysosomal and autophagy functions are being identified, arguing for a downstream impact on mitochondrial health. Our hypothesis centers on the notion that disturbances in endolysosomal processes may propagate to other organelles, including mitochondria, through disrupted inter‐organellar communication. We discuss these views in the context of major neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, and their relevance to potential therapeutic avenues.
Program evaluation of a specialized treatment home for adults with severe challenging behavior
Authors: Thillainathan Thurka , Linder Bruce , Cox Alison D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIndividuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities who engage in severe challenging behavior may comprise 5%–10% of the clinical population. Unfortunately, challenging behavior literature tends to underrepresent adult participants and emphasize efficacy (Does the intervention work?) more often than effectiveness (Does the intervention work in real world settings?). We conducted a systematic program evaluation to examine the effectiveness of a comprehensive behavioral treatment package using a hybrid quasi‐experimental consecutive case series design featuring eight adults who experienced the treatment package. The results depicted a substantial decrease in challenging behavior and increase in adaptive behavior across sessions for most participants. Impressive treatment integrity outcomes (M = 84%, range, 82%–90%) showcased that the intervention was implemented as intended. Social validity surveys administered to participants, caregivers, and case managers provide support for the acceptability of the treatment package. Project limitations, clinical considerations, and future directions are discussed.
Survey of change‐of‐venue motions in appellate court transcripts of murder trials (2000–2020): Which factors make a difference?
Authors: Goldschmied Nadav , Ancona Anna , Yap Amanda 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA court may move the location of the trial to another jurisdiction if the jury pool is deemed biased by the judge, a legal maneuver based on a “Change of Venue” motion (CoVm). We surveyed the frequency and the factors associated with granting the motion at the state level when the defendant was charged with murder. We reviewed court transcripts of appealed murder convictions during the 2000–2020 years from Nexis. We complied a sample of 832 CoVm and conducted a nested regression analysis. We repeated the procedure with a subset of 360 CoVm for which we could identify the race of the defendant and victim. Overall, the success rate of CoVm was 23.5% but varied widely between the states. The motion was more likely to be granted in jurisdictions with smaller populations and a policeman was the victim. It was also found that Black and Latino defendants were less successful than Whites in winning CoVm. The racial disparity in CoVm decisions is especially concerning given past findings that people of color suffer heightened negative local pretrial publicity. In light of the findings, we advocate for a more uniform state legislation.
Study of Hyssop Essential Oil from Southeastern Serbia
Authors: Miladinović Dragoljub L. , Dimitrijević Marija V. , Miladinović Ljiljana C. , Stamenković Jelena G. , Mihajilov‐Krstev Tatjana M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe aim of the present study was a chemical, microbiological and statistics analysis of Hyssopus officinalis L. subsp. aristatus (Godr.) Nyman essential oil during different stages of development from three natural populations of plant collected in southeastern Serbia. In addition, using statistical tools, we also tried to explain the effect of dominant components’ content on antimicrobial activity. Oxygenated monoterpenes were the most abundant compound class in the H. officinalis oil during examined phenological stages (27.32–92.25 %). The four most abundant essential oil components are eucalyptol, cis‐pinocamphone, β‐pinene and β‐ocimene. H. officinalis essential oils demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum microbicidal concentrations values from 2.4 to 160 mg/mL. Maximum antimicrobial activity, in total, was recorded in November, after the flowering stage. The percentage of dominant compounds of essential oils, eucalyptol, and cis‐pinocamphone, affects essential oils’ antibacterial activity. The essential oil with most closely matched research criteria was extracted from a plant in Kravlje village.
A Novel Lactam and Two Rare Mycophenolic Acid Derivatives from the Fungus Penicillium Sclerotiorum JBHL321
Authors: Wang Yue , Zhou Xue‐Ming , Du Jin‐feng , Xu Xue‐Feng , Song Xin‐Ming 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA novel lactam penicillactam (1), two rare mycophenolic acid (MPA) derivatives penimycophens A and B (2 and 3), together with two known biogenetically related MPA derivatives (4 and 5) and a known alkaloid (6) were isolated from the Penicillium sclerotiorum JBHL321. The structures of these compounds were determined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The absolute configuration of 1 was confirmed by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Compound 1 represent the rare example of a oxygen bridge‐linked lactam from natural products. Structurally, compounds 2 and 3 were rare MPA derivatives featuring a methoxy group at C‐3. The inhibitory activity of compounds 1–6 against two phytopathogenic fungi, three phytopathogenic bacteria and four cancer cell lines were evaluated. Compounds 2–5 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against HeLa, MCF‐7, A549 and MGC‐803 cells with IC50 values in the low micromolar to nanomolar. Compound 3 exhibited especially cytotoxic activity against four different cell lines with IC50 values ranging from 0.06–0.14 μM, compared to IC50 values ranging from 0.62–2.51 μM for epirubicin.
Synthesis and Antimycobacterial Evaluation of Novel Pyrazole‐Isoxazolines and Pyrazole‐Isoxazoles
Authors: Moraes Paulo A. , Dill Fussinger Thaise , Fontana Tuyla , Pereira Genilson S. , Marangoni Mário A. , Camargo Adriano F. , Bonacorso Helio G. , Martins Marcos A. P. , Machado Alencar K. , de Campos Marli M. A. , Zanatta Nilo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study reports the synthesis of a new series of pyrazole‐isoxazolines, at very good yields, from the cyclocondensation reaction of pyrazole‐enaminones with hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Dehydration of the pyrazole‐isoxazolines furnished another new series of the respective pyrazole‐isoxazoles, at excellent yields. Both series of the obtained compounds were screened for antimycobacterial activity, and compounds 4 f and 5 c showed significant inhibition of bacterial growth with a time‐ and concentration‐dependent bactericidal effect. Cytotoxicity tests in VERO cell line did not indicate toxicity of compounds 4 f and 5 c regarding cellular prediction, NO production or dsDNA release. However, both compounds were associated with an increase in total ROS levels, providing induction of oxidative stress, but without compromising cellular targets. These results highlight compounds 4 f and 5 c as promising candidates for antimycobacterial treatment with a favorable safety profile.
Industrial Process Fault Detection Based on IGA‐Combinatorial Model Decision Mechanism
Authors: Wei Shujuan , Qi Yongsheng , Liu Liqiang , Li Yongting , Gao Xuejin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTTo address the challenges of extracting features from complex industrial process data, the reliance of numerous fault detection methodologies on presupposed data distribution types, and the limited generalization capacity of fault detection, this manuscript introduces a sophisticated algorithm for industrial process fault detection. This algorithm harnesses the information gain adaptive (IGA) technique for feature selection and a synergistic model decision mechanism. Initially, the process involves the computation of information gain via decision trees, coupled with the determination of the
value through cross‐validation. This strategy enables the adaptive selection of features, thereby facilitating data dimensionality reduction and effective feature extraction. The subsequent phase introduces a ternary statistical measure monitoring group for the detection of linear faults, while autoencoders and one‐class SVM methodologies are applied for the monitoring of nonlinear faults. The culmination of this approach is the development of an innovative weighted decision mechanism, designed to amalgamate the findings from both linear and nonlinear detection avenues, yielding more dependable detection results. The validation of this algorithm employs datasets from the water chillers process and Tennessee Eastman (TE) process, demonstrating the IGA‐combined model's superior performance over isolated linear or nonlinear detection algorithms in terms of detection accuracy and robustness. Notably, the efficacy of this method is not contingent upon specific assumptions regarding data distribution, rendering it a versatile and efficacious tool for the fault detection in industrial processes.
D‐π‐A Type [7]Helicene‐like Imide Derivatives with Tunable Photophysical Properties and Circularly Polarized Luminescence
Authors: Li Linkuo , Xu Kunhan , Qi Ting 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHelicenes and their derivatives show great application prospects as circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials, but their fluorescence quantum yields (ΦFLs) need a breakthrough urgently. Herein, we reported a series of D‐π‐A type helical luminescent emitters by combining the [7]helicene‐like imide acceptor with five different donors. The obtained five emitters display blue‐to‐orange luminescence and markedly enhanced ΦFL. Notably, TPA‐NiBTI exhibits the maximum ΦFL in solution, while TPE‐NiBTI achieves a maximum ΦFL in the solid state. Their two pairs of enantiomers, (P/M)‐TPA‐NiBTI and (P/M)‐TPE‐NiBTI, exhibit remarkable CPL activities, and their doped PS film both displayed doubled ΦFLs. Among them, [(P/M)‐TPE‐NiBTI]‐doped PS film exhibits the maximum luminescence dissymmetry factor (|glum|) value of 9.0×10−4 and the maximum ΦFL of 22 %. This molecular design strategy presents a promising approach to improving the ΦFL of helicene derivatives, thereby facilitating their potential application into chiral optoelectronic devices.
Facile Access to Terminal Nitroalkanes via Anti‐Markovnikov Hydronitration and Hydronitroalkylation of Alkenes Using Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Patra Subrata , Katayev Dmitry 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe evolution of catalysis and functional group transfer reagents play a significant role in the development of anti‐Markovnikov alkene hydrofunctionalization reactions, facilitating the access to value‐added molecules. We herein report the first rational design of a modular intermolecular anti‐Markovnikov hydronitration of alkenes, enabling the direct synthesis of terminal nitroalkanes under visible light‐mediated photoredox catalysis. By employing the redox‐active organic nitrating reagent N‐nitrosuccinimide, the produced nitryl radicals, in the presence of an olefin and a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mediator, lead to an anti‐Markovnikov addition with complete regioselectivity. Furthermore, we present results demonstrating the use of this catalytic system for chain expansion via anti‐Markovnikov addition, utilizing substituted bromonitroalkanes as commercially available reagents. These transformations effectively address a gap in synthetic chemistry, enabling the direct synthesis of nitroalkanes from a variety of unactivated olefins in both complex molecules and unfunctionalized commodity chemicals.
N6‐methyladenosine‐mediated upregulation of LNCAROD confers radioresistance in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through stabilizing PARP1
Authors: Shi Xiaobo , Zhang Xiaozhi , Huang Xinran , Zhang Ruijuan , Pan Shupei , Huang Shan , Wang Yuchen , Ke Yue , Guo Wei , Liu Xiaoxiao , Hao Yu , Li You , Zhao Xu , Sun Yuchen , Li Jing , Ma Hongbing , Zhao Xixi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundRadiotherapy is a primary therapeutic modality for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), but its effectiveness is still restricted due to the resistance of cancer cells to radiation. Long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) have been shown to play significant roles in tumour radioresistance. However, the precise manifestation and role of m6A‐modified lncRNAs in ESCC radioresistance remain unclear.MethodsBioinformatics analysis was conducted to identify m6A‐modified lncRNAs implicated in the radioresistance of ESCC. A series of functional experiments were performed to investigate the function of LNCAROD in ESCC. Methylated RNA immunoprecipitation, chromatin isolation by RNA purification‐mass spectrometry, RNA immunoprecipitation, and co‐immunoprecipitation experiments were performed to explore the mechanism of m6A‐mediated upregulation of LNCAROD expression and the downstream mechanism enhancing the radioresistance of ESCC. The efficacy of LNCAROD in vivo was assessed using murine xenograft models.ResultsHerein, we identified LNCAROD as a novel METTL3‐mediated lncRNA that enhanced radioresistance in ESCC cells and was post‐transcriptionally stabilised by YTHDC1. Moreover, we confirmed that LNCAROD prevented ubiquitin‐proteasome degradation of PARP1 protein by facilitating PARP1‐NPM1 interaction, thereby contributing to homologous recombination‐mediated DNA double‐strand breaks repair and enhancing the radiation resistance of ESCC cells. Silencing LNCAROD in a nude mouse model of ESCC in vivo resulted in slower tumour growth and increased radiosensitivity.ConclusionOur findings enhance the understanding of m6A‐modified lncRNA‐driven machinery in ESCC radioresistance and underscore the significance of LNCAROD in this context, thereby contributing to the development of a potential therapeutic target for ESCC patients.
High Performance of the Metal Organic Framework CPO‐27 for Toxic Gas Capture (NO2)
Authors: Beihsner Jannes , Hausdorf Steffen , Friedrich Jens , Kaskel Stefan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks of the CPO‐27 (MOF‐74) series are known for their high adsorption capacities for nitrogen oxides. On the other hand, significantly varying and partly contradictory results were reported regarding their stability to moisture. This aspect has hampered the use of these MOFs in air filtration applications. Here, we show that the stability of CPO‐27 materials towards moisture and CO2 crucially depends on the synthesis parameters. By precisely adjusting the synthetic parameter‐property relationship, it is possible to prepare a highly stable CPO‐27(Ni) MOF by a simple precipitation in water. To demonstrate the capacity for NO2, breakthrough experiments were performed under dry and wet conditions (55% relative humidity). Extremely high values of nearly 0.74 g/g in dry conditions and 1.23 g/g under wet conditions were achieved. These results pave the way for the toxicologically safe and cost‐effective preparation of a moisture‐stable CPO‐27(Ni), bridging the gap to a potential industrial application of the material for the selective adsorption of toxic gases, such as NO2.
Nature of Cation‐π Interaction in Mono‐ and Inverted Sandwich Ga(I) Complexes. Insights Into the Ga(I)‐π Features and NMR Patterns from GaCp, GaCp*, [Ga2Cp]+, and [Ga2Cp*]+
Authors: Guajardo‐Maturana Raul , Rodríguez‐Kessler Peter L. , Muñoz‐Castro Alvaro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCation‐π interactions involve different metallic cations, where the bonding characteristics depend on the involved species. Here, we unravel the interaction nature features for Ga(I)‐π interactions, where different contributing terms ensure an efficient coordination of one and two Ga(I)‐atoms towards a common aromatic ring. Our results show a more balanced contribution of about ~70 % from electrostatic character and of ~30 % from orbital interaction for the prototypical GaCp, GaCp*, [Ga2Cp]+ and [Ga2Cp*]+ species. Such description strongly contrasts with the highly electrostatic character in alkali and alkaline‐earth metals counterparts. The variation from mono to inverted sandwich complexes leads to a decrease in the interaction energy from −180.9 to −148.1 kcal/mol for Cp based species, and from −184.4 to −155.5 kcal/mol in Cp* counterparts, owing to a decrease in both electrostatic and orbital stabilizing contributions. Thus, the aromatic rings exhibit coordination versatility towards one or two Ga(I) cations, retaining a sizable stabilization of the Ga(I)‐π interaction. Thus, cation‐π interactions are able to exhibit different types according to the involved metal cation, which relies on a more electrostatic/orbital balanced interaction, which serves to evaluate further mono and inverted sandwich complexes sharing a common aromatic ring.