bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Initial Mass Function Variability (or Not) among Low-velocity Dispersion, Compact Stellar Systems
Authors: Villaume Alexa , Brodie Jean , Conroy Charlie , Romanowsky Aaron J. , Dokkum Pieter van 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Analyses of strong gravitational lenses, galaxy-scale kinematics, and absorption-line stellar population synthesis (SPS) have all concluded that the stellar initial mass function (IMF) varies within the massive early-type galaxy (ETG) population. However, the physical mechanism that drives variation in the IMF is an outstanding question. Here we use new SPS models to consider a diverse set of compact, low-velocity dispersion stellar systems: globular clusters (GCs), an ultra-compact dwarf (UCD), and the compact elliptical (cE) galaxy M32. We compare our results to massive ETGs and available dynamical measurements. We find that the GCs have stellar mass-to-light ratios (M/L) that are either consistent with a Kroupa IMF or are slightly bottom-light, while the UCD and cE have mildly elevated M/L. The separation in derived IMFs for systems with similar metallicities and abundance patterns indicates that our SPS models can distinguish abundance and IMF effects. Variation among the sample in this paper is only

in normalized M/L compared to the

among the ETG sample. This suggests that metallicity is not the sole driver of IMF variability and additional parameters need to be considered.
Enrichment in r-process Elements from Multiple Distinct Events in the Early Draco Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy*
Authors: Tsujimoto Takuji , Matsuno Tadafumi , Aoki Wako , Ishigaki Miho N. , Shigeyama Toshikazu 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The stellar record of elemental abundances in satellite galaxies is important to identify the origin of r-process because such a small stellar system could have hosted a single r-process event, which would distinguish member stars that are formed before and after the event through the evidence of a considerable difference in the abundances of r-process elements, as found in the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Reticulum II (Ret II). However, the limited mass of these systems prevents us from collecting information from a sufficient number of stars in individual satellites. Hence, it remains unclear whether the discovery of a remarkable r-process enrichment event in Ret II explains the nature of r-process abundances or is an exception. We perform high-resolution spectroscopic measurements of r-process abundances for 12 metal-poor stars in the Draco dwarf galaxy in the metallicity range of

. We found that these stars are separated into two groups with r-process abundances differing by one order of magnitude. A group of stars with high abundances of r-process elements was formed by a single r-process event that corresponds to the event evidenced in Ret II. On the other hand, the low r-process abundance group was formed by another sporadic enrichment channel producing far fewer r-process elements, which is clearly identified for the first time. Accordingly, we identified two populations of stars with different r-process abundances, which are built by two r-process events that enriched gases at levels that differ by more than one order of magnitude.
Cumulative Burden of Glucocorticoid-related Adverse Events in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Findings from a 12-year Longitudinal Study
Authors: Chen Hung-Lin , Shen Li-Jiuan , Hsu Ping-Ning , Shen Chieh-Yu , Hall Susan A. , Hsiao Fei-Yuan 
Published: November 2017

Objective.The aim of this population-based study is to examine the adverse events (AE) associated with longitudinal systemic glucocorticoid (GC) use among an ethnic Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) cohort.Methods.Our study subjects were patients with newly diagnosed SLE aged 18 and older who received at least 1 prescription of systemic GC between 2001 and 2012 from Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD). The earliest prescription date of systemic GC for each subject was defined as the index date. For each subject, we calculated the average prednisolone-equivalent dose and the medication possession ratio (MPR) of GC use every 90 days for each patient after the index date. Patients with a diagnosis of AE (defined by the International Classification of Diseases-9-Clinical Modification diagnosis code) during the followup were also identified from the NHIRD. Generalized estimating equations adjusted for propensity score were applied to examine the association between longitudinal GC use and risks of prespecified AE (musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, ophthalmologic, infectious, cardiovascular, neuropsychiatric, metabolic, and dermatologic diseases).Results.We identified 11,288 patients with SLE (mean followup: 6.28 yrs). Higher doses and higher MPR of GC were associated with increased risk of osteonecrosis [adjusted OR (aOR) 2.87–9.09]. Similar results were found regarding the risk of osteoporosis (aOR 1.71–3.67), bacterial infection (aOR 2.12–3.89), Cushingoid syndrome (aOR 6.51–62.03), and sleep disorder (aOR 1.42–3.59).Conclusion.To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that the dose and intensity of longitudinal use of GC were both associated with risk of AE among a nationwide Asian SLE cohort.
Underestimation of Risk of Carotid Subclinical Atherosclerosis by Cardiovascular Risk Scores in Patients with Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Shen Jiayun , Lam Steven H. , Shang Qing , Wong Chun-Kwok , Li Edmund K. , Wong Priscilla , Kun Emily W. , Cheng Isaac T. , Li Martin , Li Tena K. , Zhu Tracy Y. , Lee Jack Jock-Wai , Chang Mimi , Lee Alex Pui-Wai , Tam Lai-Shan 
Published: November 2017

Objective.To test the performances of established cardiovascular (CV) risk scores in discriminating subclinical atherosclerosis (SCA) in patients with psoriatic arthritis.Methods.These scores were calculated: Framingham risk score (FRS), QRISK2, Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE), 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease risk algorithm (ASCVD) from the American College of Cardiology and the American Heart Association, and the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR)–recommended modified versions (by 1.5 multiplication factor, m-). Carotid intima-media thickness > 0.9 mm and/or the presence of plaque determined by ultrasound were classified as SCA+.Results.We recruited 146 patients [49.4 ± 10.2 yrs, male: 90 (61.6%)], of whom 142/137/128/118 patients were eligible to calculate FRS/QRISK2/SCORE/ASCVD. Further, 62 (42.5%) patients were SCA+ and were significantly older, with higher systolic blood pressure and higher low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (all p < 0.05). All CV risk scores were significantly higher in patients with SCA+ [FRS: 7.8 (3.9–16.5) vs 2.7 (1.1–7.8), p < 0.001; QRISK2: 5.5 (3.1–10.2) vs 2.9 (1.2–6.3), p < 0.001; SCORE: 1 (0–2) vs 0 (0–1), p < 0.001; ASCVD: 5.6 (2.6–12.4) vs 3.4 (1.4–6.1), p = 0.001]. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed moderate goodness of fit for the 4 CV scores (p ranged from 0.087 to 0.686). However, of the patients with SCA+, those identified as high risk were only 44.1% (by FRS > 10%), 1.8% (QRISK2 > 20%), 10.9% (SCORE > 5%), and 43.6% (ASCVD > 7.5%). By applying the EULAR multiplication factor, 50.8%/14.3%/14.5%/54.5% of the patients with SCA+ were identified as high risk by m-FRS/m-QRISK2/m-SCORE/m-ASCVD, respectively. EULAR modification increased the sensitivity of FRS and ASCVD in discriminating SCA+ from 44% to 51%, and 44% to 55%, respectively.Conclusion.All CV risk scores underestimated the SCA+ risk. EULAR–recommended modification improved the sensitivity of FRS and ASCVD only to a moderate level.
A Systematic Review of Quality Measures for Inflammatory Arthritis
Authors: Cooper Matthew , Rouhi Azin , Barber Claire E.H. 
Published: November 2017

Objective.To conduct a systematic review and quality appraisal of quality measures for inflammatory arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA), spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).Methods.Embase, MEDLINE, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) were searched from January 1, 2000, to October 23, 2016, using Medical Subject Headings terms for inflammatory arthritis and quality measures. A “grey literature” search of international arthritis organizations and quality measure libraries was also conducted. Two reviewers independently considered the papers for inclusion, with disagreements resolved by consensus. A modified guideline appraisal tool (AGREE II) was used to appraise the measure development process, which determined final inclusion. Measures were abstracted in duplicate and categorized into themes, measure type, and domains of quality.Results.Thirteen measurement sets were included from 4 countries (United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Netherlands) and 1 European consortium. They included 10 sets on RA and 1 each for PsA, inflammatory arthritis, and JIA. There were 161 unique individual measures (136 process, 20 structure, and 5 outcome). Major themes included assessment, medications, and comorbidities. Measure development methods were varied, including RAND/University of California, Los Angeles appropriateness methodology, prioritization exercises, or other modified-Delphi methods. Inclusion of patients occurred in 77% of development groups. Discussion of barriers to measurement was infrequent.Conclusion.Inflammatory arthritis quality measures cover a diversity of themes encompassing process, structure, and outcomes of care across the 6 domains of quality. However, between organizations, measure development is not standardized. Local assessment of measurement feasibility before use outside the original development context is recommended.
Plasma MicroRNA Profiles in Patients with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Responding to Adalimumab plus Methotrexate vs Methotrexate Alone: A Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: Sode Jacob , Krintel Sophine B. , Carlsen Anting Liu , Hetland Merete L. , Johansen Julia S. , Hørslev-Petersen Kim , Stengaard-Pedersen Kristian , Ellingsen Torkell , Burton Mark , Junker Peter , Østergaard Mikkel , Heegaard Niels H.H. 
Published: November 2017

Objective.The aim was to identify plasma (i.e., cell-free) microRNA (miRNA) predicting antitumor necrosis and/or methotrexate (MTX) treatment response in patients enrolled in an investigator-initiated, prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial (The OPERA study,NCT00660647).Methods.We included 180 disease-modifying antirheumatic drug–naive patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) randomized to adalimumab (ADA; n = 89) or placebo (n = 91) in combination with MTX. Plasma samples before and 3 months after treatment initiation were analyzed for 91 specific miRNA by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction on microfluidic dynamic arrays. A linear mixed-effects model was used to test for associations between pretreatment miRNA and changes in miRNA expression and American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) Boolean (28 joints) remission at 3 and 12 months, applying false discovery rate correction for multiple testing. Using leave-one-out cross validation, we built predictive multivariate miRNA models and estimated classification performances using receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curves.Results.In the ADA group, a higher pretreatment level of miR-27a-3p was significantly associated with remission at 12 months. The level decreased in remitting patients between pretreatment and 3 months, and increased in nonremitting patients. No associations were found in the placebo group receiving only MTX. Two multivariate miRNA models were able to predict response to ADA treatment after 3 and 12 months, with 63% and 82% area under the ROC curves, respectively.Conclusion.We identified miR-27a-3p as a potential predictive biomarker of ACR/EULAR remission in patients with early RA treated with ADA in combination with MTX. We conclude that pretreatment plasma-miRNA profiles may be of predictive value, but the results need confirmation in independent cohorts.
Activity Limitations in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Role for Fear of Movement and (Re)injury Beliefs
Authors: Swinnen Thijs W. , Vlaeyen Johan W.S. , Dankaerts Wim , Westhovens René , de Vlam Kurt 
Published: November 2017

Objective.To determine whether fear of movement and (re)injury [FOM/(R)I] beliefs, measured with the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia 11-item version (TSK-11), influence activity limitations and mediate the relationship between pain severity and activity limitations in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA).Methods.In 173 patients with axSpA, these data were collected: sex, body mass index, disease duration, medication, activity limitations (BASFI; Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index), disease activity [Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI); BASDAIinf, items 5 and 6; BASDAIpain, items 2 and 3; C-reactive protein and physician’s global assessment], spinal mobility (BASMI; Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index), and FOM/(R)I (TSK-11). Scaling assumptions and reliability of TSK-11 were tested with item-to-total correlations, item variances, and Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Hypothesis testing determined TSK-11’s construct validity. Multiple linear regression showed the contribution of TSK-11 to BASFI (enter and backward modeling). Mediation by TSK-11 was analyzed (bias-corrected bootstrapping and Sobel test).Results.Adequate scale (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.80) and item internal consistency (range item-scale correlations 0.41–0.58, except for item 5, r = 0.23), equal item-scale correlations, and item variances were found for TSK-11. Construct validity was confirmed, except for the hypothesized positive relationship between TSK-11 and BASMI. Regression models (enter method, adjusted R2 range 53–74%) consistently identified TSK-11 as a determinant of BASFI (β range 0.155 to 0.321, p < 0.05), although BASMI (β range 0.441 to 0.537) and disease activity (β range 0.243 to 0.571, p < 0.05) were the largest determinants. TSK-11 partially mediated the BASDAIpain/BASFI relationship (B = 0.107; Sobel test, p = 0.004; bias-corrected CI 0.046–0.197).Conclusion.TSK-11 is a promising and valid tool to assess fearful beliefs in relation to activity limitations in axSpA. Future research applying TSK-11 may reveal FOM/(R)I as a novel treatment target in axSpA.
High Baseline Serum Clara Cell 16 kDa Predicts Subsequent Lung Disease Worsening in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Rivière Sébastien , Hua-Huy Thong , Tiev Kiet Phong , Cabane Jean , Dinh-Xuan Anh Tuan 
Published: November 2017

Objective.Clara cell secretory protein (CC16) is a sensitive marker of bronchial epithelial cell damage. The CC16 serum level is elevated in patients with pulmonary fibrosis, but its predictive value on lung disease progression has not yet been studied. We aimed to assess the value of serum CC16 concentration in predicting lung disease deterioration in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Methods.We prospectively analyzed and followed 106 patients with SSc during a 4-year period for the risk of developing combined deleterious event, defined as a 10% decrease in total lung capacity or forced vital capacity from baseline, or death, according to serum CC16 at inclusion. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed for prediction of events during the first 2 years after inclusion. Cumulative risks of combined events were computed by Kaplan-Meier analysis.Results.The best cutoff level of serum CC16 for prediction of a combined event was 33 ng/ml, with 76% sensitivity and 65% specificity (area under the ROC curve: 0.71, 95% CI 0.61–0.81, p < 0.0001). Progression of lung disease evaluated by a mean time-to-event differed between patients with high baseline serum CC16 (42.8 mos, 36.3–49.3) and those with low serum CC16 (56.3 mos, 50.9–61.7; log-rank test, p < 0.001). After adjustment for age, duration of disease, clinical and lung function measures, the risk of combined event occurrence in patients with high serum CC16 was significantly higher than in those with low CC16 (HR 2.9, 1.2–6.75, p < 0.05).Conclusion.High baseline serum CC16 predicts lung disease worsening in patients with SSc.
Use of Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Drugs for Inflammatory Arthritis in US Veterans: Effect of Specialty Care and Geographic Distance
Authors: Walsh Jessica A. , Pei Shaobo , Burningham Zachary , Penmetsa Gopi , Cannon Grant W. , Clegg Daniel O. , Sauer Brian C. 
Published: November 2017

Objective.To evaluate the effect of access to and distance from rheumatology care on the use of disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARD) in US veterans with inflammatory arthritis (IA).Methods.Provider encounters and DMARD dispensations for IA (rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis) were evaluated in national Veterans Affairs (VA) datasets between January 1, 2015, and December 31, 2015.Results.Among 12,589 veterans with IA, 23.5% saw a rheumatology provider. In the general IA population, 25.3% and 13.6% of veterans were exposed to a synthetic DMARD (sDMARD) and biologic DMARD (bDMARD), respectively. DMARD exposure was 2.6- to 3.4-fold higher in the subpopulation using rheumatology providers, compared to the general IA population. The distance between veterans’ homes and the closest VA rheumatology site was < 40 miles (Near) for 55.9%, 40–99 miles (Intermediate) for 31.7%, and ≥ 100 miles (Far) for 12.4%. Veterans in the Intermediate and Far groups were less likely to see a rheumatology provider than veterans in the Near group (RR = 0.72 and RR = 0.49, respectively). Exposure to bDMARD was 34% less frequent in the Far group than the Near group. In the subpopulation who used rheumatology care, the bDMARD exposure discrepancy did not persist between distance groups.Conclusion.Use of rheumatology care and DMARD was low for veterans with IA. DMARD exposure was strongly associated with rheumatology care use. Veterans in the general IA population living far from rheumatology sites accessed rheumatology care and bDMARD less frequently than veterans living close to rheumatology sites.
De la rétroaction entre différenciation territoriale et modèle universel des services urbains en réseau : les enseignements du cas libanais
Authors: Verdeil Éric , Féré Cécile , Scherrer Franck 
Published: November 2017

Résumé S’inscrivant dans le débat sur les relations entre la fragmentation territoriale et les mutations des services urbains en réseau, cet article s’écarte d’explications de nature linéaire et plaide pour une prise en compte des rétroactions entre la différenciation territoriale et les pratiques gestionnaires. Le cas libanais, en apparence spécifique en raison des effets perturbateurs de la guerre civile, permet de combiner plusieurs registres explicatifs, comme la persistance du modèle universel comme référence des politiques publiques et les tentatives de réforme de type néolibéral. Deux secteurs sont étudiés : l’électricité, organisée comme un monopole public national aux performances très médiocres, mais sans qu’un projet de réforme clair soit mis en œuvre, et l’eau potable, géré de manière décentralisée, mais qui connaît depuis 2000 une profonde transformation, dont une expérience limitée de privatisation. L’article analyse d’abord la mise en place inachevée du modèle universel, puis s’attache à la différenciation territoriale qui résulte des transformations géographiques et sociales de la guerre, et que la reconstruction n’a que partiellement réduite, et au contraire parfois accentuée. Les tentatives actuelles de réforme de type libéral introduisent de nouveaux éléments de différenciation en fonction des résultats des réformes par secteur et selon les lieux.
The Recife Metro – the Impact on Urban Development after 20 years
Authors: de Andrade Maurício Oliveira , Alves Maia Maria Leonor 
Published: November 2017

Résumé Cet article a pour objectif d’évaluer l’impact produit dans la zone d’influence d’une ligne de trains métropolitains dans la ville de Recife-PE, Brésil, 20 ans après son implantation, en montrant l’influence de l’accessibilité au transport à partir de l’indicateur relatif au prix du terrain urbain. Le référentiel théorique recherché s’insère dans la question de l’économie urbaine, plus spécifiquement dans les théories de la valeur du terrain, du choix de la localisation résidentielle et des relations entre transport et utilisation du terrain. La recherche s’est basée sur la méthode de prix hédoniques qui met en relation le prix d’un bien et d’un ensemble de variables explicatives, qui influencera la valeur. Les données montrent qu’il n’y a pas eu de dynamisation dans l’utilisation, ni une valorisation du terrain, ce qui peut être perçu à partir de la croissance démographique inférieure à la moyenne de la ville et par les valeurs du terrain aussi inférieures à d’autres couloirs de transport de la ville. Du modèle mathématique, les résultats suivants peuvent être mis en évidence : réduction de la valeur du sol à 16% due aux éloignements des stations de métro jusqu’à 500m ; l’augmentation de la distance au centre (CBD) réduit les prix de l’ordre de 11% par km, en arrivant à la périphérie à des prix de l’ordre de 1/3 des prix dans la zone centrale ; augmentation de 8,3% par rapport à une zone, distante de 500m d’une intersection viaire principale. Il a encore été constaté la forte influence sur les prix des terrains, le profil socio-économique de la population (IDH) et le niveau de violence du voisinage. Les effets de la valorisation montrés dans le modèle se concentrent dans la restructuration des valeurs dans les proximités des stations. Il est clair que la nécessité de l’amplification des bénéfices et la création des stratégies permettent de capter les avantages de manière équitable et la plus large possible. Il faut profiter au maximum des investissements réalisés dans l’implantation du train métropolitain, pour le bénéfice économique des familles, de la ville et des opérateurs du transport.
Les coûts de l'étalement urbain : urbanisation et comptes publics locaux
Authors: Guelton Sonia , Navarre Françoise 
Published: November 2017

La tendance urbaine à l’étalement se poursuit depuis plusieurs décennies dans un processus persistant qui retient l’attention des chercheurs comme des politiques. Les enjeux actuels de consommation des ressources, notamment collectives ou publiques, s’inscrivent dans des problématiques économiques et financières remises à l’ordre du jour avec la question de l’opportunité des politiques de densification des centres villes. Quelle forme urbaine est plus économe ? Quelle est la pertinence de la consommation de deniers publics ? Pour tirer des conclusions sur le coût de l’étalement urbain pour la puissance publique, l’article se penche tout d’abord sur le résultat des études antérieures. Elles permettent d’identifier des indicateurs et des méthodes d’analyses, sans toutefois trancher sur le sens des conclusions. Tirant des enseignements de ces recherches, une étude a alors été conduite sur deux situations actuelles d’étalement urbain. Elle interroge les relations centre-périphérie, les spécificités éventuelles au sein de l’espace périurbain et les probables articulations territoriales entre 1999 et 2006 en centrant l’analyse sur son impact possible sur les finances publiques locales. La méthode statistique croise les données socio-économiques et financières. Bien que limitée à deux exemples, les conclusions permettent de corroborer les approches antérieures et de les inscrire dans un processus territorial et financier dynamique.