bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adiposity measures and arterial stiffness in primary care: the MARK prospective observational study
Authors: Gomez-Sanchez Leticia , Garcia-Ortiz Luis , Patino-Alonso Maria C , Recio-Rodriguez Jose I , Rigo Fernando , Martí Ruth , Agudo-Conde Cristina , Rodriguez-Sanchez Emiliano , Maderuelo-Fernandez Jose A , Ramos Rafel , Gomez-Marcos Manuel A 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe cardiovascular risk of obesity is potentially increased by arterial stiffness.ObjectiveTo assess the relationship of adiposity measures with arterial stiffness in Caucasian adults with intermediate cardiovascular risk.SettingSix Spanish health centres.ParticipantsWe enrolled 2354 adults (age range, 35–74 years; mean age, 61.4±7.7 years, 61.9% male).MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that analyses data from the baseline visit of the improving interMediAte RisK management (MARK) study. The main outcome variables were body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), Clínica Universidad de Navarra-body adiposity estimation (CUN-BAE) body fat percentage and body roundness index (BRI). Vascular function was assessed by the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) with the VaSera device; brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was determined using a validated equation.ResultsThe mean adiposity measures were a BMI of 29.2±4.4, WHtR of 0.61±0.07, CUN-BAE of 35.7±1.7 and BRI of 5.8±1.7. The mean stiffness measures were a CAVI of 8.8±1.2 and baPWV of 14.9±2.5. In multiple linear regression analyses, all adiposity measures were negatively associated with CAVI and baPWV (p<0.01 for all) after adjustment for possible factors of confusion. The proportion of CAVI variability via the adiposity measures were 5.5% for BMI, 5.8% for CUN-BAE, 3.8% for WHtR and 3.7% for BRI. These were higher among diabetic, obese, younger (≤62 years) and non-hypertensive subjects who had similar activity and sedentary profiles.ConclusionsAdiposity measures are negatively associated with arterial stiffness measures. The percentage of variation in CAVI explained by its relation to the different measures of adiposity ranges from 5.8% (CUN-BAE) to 3.7% (BRI). In the case of baPWV, it oscillates between 0.7% (CUN-BAE and BMI) and 0.1% (WHtR).Trial registration numberNCT01428934.
New criteria for sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC) following the revised sepsis definition: a retrospective analysis of a nationwide survey
Authors: Iba Toshiaki , Nisio Marcello Di , Levy Jerrold H , Kitamura Naoya , Thachil Jecko 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveRecent clinical studies have shown that anticoagulant therapy might be effective only in specific at-risk subgroups of patients with sepsis and coagulation dysfunction. The definition of sepsis was recently modified, and as such, old scoring systems may no longer be appropriate for the diagnosis of sepsis-associated coagulopathy. The aim of this study was to evaluate prognostic factors in patients diagnosed with sepsis and coagulopathy according to the new sepsis definition and assess their accuracy in comparison with existing models.DesignRetrospective analysis of the nationwide survey for recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin.SettingGeneral emergency and critical care centres in secondary and tertiary care hospitals.ParticipantsWe evaluated the prognostic value of the newly proposed diagnostic criteria for sepsis-induced coagulopathy (SIC). A total of 1498 Japanese patients with sepsis and coagulopathy complications who were treated with recombinant thrombomodulin were analysed in this study.Main outcome measuresThe platelet count, prothrombin time (PT) ratio, fibrinogen/fibrin degradation products, systemic inflammatory response syndrome score and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score obtained just before the start of treatment were examined in relation to the 28-day mortality rate.ResultsThe platelet count, PT ratio and total SOFA were independent predictors of a fatal outcome in a logistic regression model. A SIC score was defined using the three above-mentioned variables with a positivity threshold of 4 points or more. The SIC score predicted higher 28-day mortality rate compared with the current Japanese Association for Acute Medicine-disseminated intravascular coagulation score (38.4%vs34.7%).ConclusionThe SIC score is based on readily available parameters, is easy to calculate and has a high predictive value for 28-day mortality. Future studies are warranted to evaluate whether the SIC score may guide the decision to initiate anticoagulant therapy.
Associations of caesarean delivery and the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders, asthma or obesity in childhood based on Taiwan birth cohort study
Authors: Chen Ginden , Chiang Wan-Lin , Shu Bih-Ching , Guo Yue Leon , Chiou Shu-Ti , Chiang Tung-liang 
Published: September 2017

ObjectivesWhether birth by caesarean section (CS) increases the occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders, asthma or obesity in childhood is controversial. We tried to demonstrate the association between children born by CS and the occurrence of the above three diseases at the age of 5.5 years.MethodsThe database of the Taiwan Birth Cohort Study which was designed to assess the developmental trajectories of 24 200 children born in 2005 was used in this study. Associations between children born by CS and these three diseases were evaluated before and after controlling for gestational age (GA) at birth, children’s characteristics and disease-related predisposing factors.ResultsChildren born by CS had significant increases in neurodevelopmental disorders (20%), asthma (14%) and obesity (18%) compared with children born by vaginal delivery. The association between neurodevelopmental disorders and CS was attenuated after controlling for GA at birth (OR 1.15; 95% CI 0.98 to 1.34). Occurrence of neurodevelopmental disorders steadily declined with increasing GA up to ≤40–42 weeks. CS and childhood asthma were not significantly associated after controlling for parental history of asthma and GA at birth. Obesity in childhood remained significantly associated with CS (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.24) after controlling for GA and disease-related factors.ConclusionsOur results implied that the association between CS birth and children’s neurodevelopmental disorders was significantly influenced by GA. CS birth was weakly associated with childhood asthma since parental asthma and preterm births are stronger predisposing factors. The association between CS birth and childhood obesity was robust after controlling for disease-related factors.
Randomised controlled trial of bariatric surgery versus a community weight loss programme for the sustained treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension: the Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Weight Trial (IIH:WT) protocol
Authors: Ottridge Ryan , Mollan Susan P , Botfield Hannah , Frew Emma , Ives Natalie J , Matthews Tim , Mitchell James , Rick Caroline , Singhal Rishi , Woolley Rebecca , Sinclair Alexandra J 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionEffective treatments are lacking for idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), a condition characterised by raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and papilloedema, and found primarily in obese women. Weight loss and lowering body mass index (BMI) have been shown to lower ICP and improve symptoms in IIH; however, weight loss is typically not maintained, meaning IIH symptoms return. The Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension Weight Trial (IIH:WT) will assess whether bariatric surgery is an effective long-term treatment for patients with IIH with a BMI over 35 kg/m2. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommends bariatric surgery in people with a BMI over 35 kg/m2and a qualifying comorbidity; currently IIH does not qualify as a comorbidity.Methods and analysisIIH:WT is a multicentre, open-label, randomised controlled clinical trial of 64 participants with active IIH and a BMI over 35 kg/m2. Participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to bariatric surgery or a dietary weight loss programme and followed up for 5 years. The primary outcome measure is ICP at 12 months. Secondary outcome measures include ICP at 24 and 60 months, and IIH symptoms, visual function, papilloedema, headache, quality of life and cost-effectiveness at 12, 24 and 60 months.Trial registration numberIIH:WT is registered asISRCTN40152829and on ClinicalTrials.gov asNCT02124486and is in the pre-results stage.
Efficacy and safety of instantaneous wave-free ratio in patients undergoing coronary revascularisation: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Kwong Joey S.W. , Li Sheyu , Gu Wan-Jie , Chen Hao , Zhang Chao , Zeng Xian-Tao , Yu Cheuk-Man 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionEffective selection of coronary lesions for revascularisation is pivotal in the management of symptoms and adverse outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease. Recently, instantaneous ‘wave-free’ ratio (iFR) has been proposed as a new diagnostic index for assessing the severity of coronary stenoses without the need of pharmacological vasodilation. Evidence of the effectiveness of iFR-guided revascularisation is emerging and a systematic review is warranted.Methods and analysisThis is a protocol for a systematic review of randomised controlled trials and controlled observational studies. Electronic sources including MEDLINE via Ovid, Embase, Cochrane databases and ClinicalTrials.gov will be searched for potentially eligible studies investigating the effects of iFR-guided strategy in patients undergoing coronary revascularisation. Studies will be selected against transparent eligibility criteria and data will be extracted using a prestandardised data collection form by two independent authors. Risk of bias in included studies and overall quality of evidence will be assessed using validated methodological tools. Meta-analysis will be performed using the Review Manager software. Our systematic review will be performed according to the guidance from the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval is not required. Results of the systematic review will be disseminated as conference proceedings and peer-reviewed journal publication.Trial registration numberThis protocol is registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), registration number CRD42017065460.
Canada-DONATE study protocol: a prospective national observational study of the medical management of deceased organ donors
Authors: D’Aragon Frederick , Dhanani Sonny , Lamontagne Francois , Cook Deborah J , Burns Karen , Akhtar Aemal , Chassé Michaël , Frenette Anne-Julie , Keenan Sean , Lize Jean-Francois , Kutsogiannis Demetrios J , Kramer Andreas , Hand Lori E , Arseneau Erika , Masse Marie-Helene , Ribic Christine , Ball Ian , Baker Andrew , Boyd Gordon , Rochwerg Bram , Healey Andrew , Hanna Steven , Guyatt Gordon H , Meade Maureen O 
Published: September 2017

IntroductionResearch on the management of deceased organ donors aims to improve the number and quality of transplants and recipient outcomes. In Canada, this research is challenged by regionalisation of donation services within provinces and the geographical, clinical and administrative separation of donation from transplantation services. This study aims to build a national platform for future clinical trials in donor management. Objectives are to engage collaborators at donation hospitals and organ donation organisations (ODOs) across Canada, describe current practices, evaluate the effectiveness of donation-specific interventions and assess the feasibility of future clinical trials.Methods and analysisThis ongoing prospective observational study of the medical management of deceased organ donors will enrol more than 650 consented potential donors from adult intensive care units at 33 hospital sites across Canada, each participating for 12 months. ODOs ensure enrolment of consecutive eligible participants. Research staff record detailed data about participants, therapies, organ assessments, death declaration procedures and adverse clinical exposures from the time of donation consent to organ recovery. ODOs provide reasons that organs are declined, dates and places of transplantation, and recipient age and sex.Descriptive analyses will summarise current practices. Effectiveness analyses will examine donation-specific interventions with respect to the number of transplants, using multilevel regression models to account for clustering by donor, hospitals and ODOs. Feasibility analyses will focus on acceptance of the research consent model; participation of academic and community hospitals as well as ODOs; and accessibility of recipient data.Ethics and disseminationThis study uses a waiver of research consent. Hospitals will receive reports on local practices benchmarked to (1) national practices and (2) national donor management guidelines. We will report findings to donation and transplant collaborators (ie, clinicians, researchers, ODOs) and publish in peer-reviewed journals.Trial registration numberNCT03114436.
Spatiotemporal characteristics of motor actions by blind long jump athletes
Authors: Torralba Miguel Angel , Padullés José María , Losada Jose Luis , López Jose Luis 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundBlind people depend on spatial and temporal representations to perform activities of daily living and compete in sport.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to determine the spatiotemporal characteristics of long jumps performed by blind athletes and compare findings with those reported for sighted athletes.MethodsWe analysed a sample of 12 male athletes competing in the F11 Long Jump Finals at the Paralympic Games in London 2012. Performances were recorded using four high-speed cameras, and speeds were measured using a radar speed gun. The images were processed using validated image analysis software.ResultsThe long jump run-up is shorter in blind athletes than in sighted athletes. We observed statistically significant differences for body centre of mass velocity and an increase in speed over the last three strides prior to take-off, contrasting with reports for sighted athletes and athletes with less severe visual impairment, who maintain or reduce their speed during the last stride. Stride length for the last three strides was the only spatial characteristic that was not significantly associated with effective jump distance. Blind long jumpers extend rather than shorten their last stride. Contact time with the take-off board is longer than that reported for sighted athletes.ConclusionThe actions of blind long jumpers, unlike those without disabilities, do not vary their leg actions during the final runway approach for optimal placement on the take-off board.
Variants of genes implicated in type 1 interferon pathway and B-cell activation modulate the EULAR response to rituximab at 24 weeks in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Juge Pierre-Antoine , Gazal Steven , Constantin Arnaud , Mariette Xavier , Combe Bernard , Tebib Jacques , Dougados Maxime , Sibilia Jean , Le Loet Xavier , Dieudé Philippe 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe type 1 interferon (IFN) pathway has been identified to potentially affect the response to rituximab (RTX) for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which suggests the contribution of type 1 IFN pathway genes such as IFN regulatory factor 5 and 7 (IRF5andIRF7), tyrosine kinase 2 (TYK2), signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) and osteopontin (SPP1). Our objective was to study functional variants of these IFN pathway genes as predictors of the European League Against Rheumatism (EULAR) response to RTX for RA at week 24 (W24).MethodsLogistic regression analysis with a stepwise multivariate model adjusted for sex, age and DAS28-CRP (Disease Activity Score in 28 joints with C reactive protein) in 115 patients from the SMART randomised studywas used to analyse the association between the candidate variants and W24 EULAR response. Because the variantTNFSF13Brs9514828 was previously found associated with RTX response in the same population, it was included in the analysis.ResultsThe combination ofIRF5rs2004640,SPP1rs9138 andTNFSF13Brs9514828 was strongly associated with good/moderate EULAR response to RTX at W24: p=9.34×10−6, OR 11.37 (95% CI 4.03 to 35.28), positive predictive value 91% and negative predictive value 54%.ConclusionOur results support the contribution of theIRF5,SPP1andTNFSF13Bgenotypic combination in the response to RTX for RA at W24.
Radiographic appearance of an osseous metastasis to the distal radius from a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder
Authors: Anesi Simone , Parry Andrew T , Monti Paola , Elliott James 
Published: September 2017

An eight‐year‐old male entire springer spaniel diagnosed with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the urinary bladder apex underwent partial, full‐thickness cystectomy and the mass was excised completely with 1 cm of clear histological margins.Chemotherapy was initiated three months after surgery when ultrasound revealed probable early recurrence at the surgical site. Three doses of carboplatin were administered, but progressive disease was identified. Complete ultrasonographic response to vinblastine was noted after six treatments.Five months after commencing chemotherapy, a persistent right thoracic limb lameness was noted. Radiographs revealed a lesion on the distal right radius that, despite a smooth periosteal reaction, had subtle features of malignancy. Fine needle aspirates of the lesion were consistent with metastatic TCC, and the patient was euthanased. There was no detectable neoplasia elsewhere.
Convergence of linear acceleration and yaw rotation signals on non-eye movement neurons in the vestibular nucleus of macaques
Authors: Newlands Shawn D. , Abbatematteo Ben , Wei Min , Carney Laurel H. , Luan Hongge 
Published: October 2017

Roughly half of all vestibular nucleus neurons without eye movement sensitivity respond to both angular rotation and linear acceleration. Linear acceleration signals arise from otolith organs, and rotation signals arise from semicircular canals. In the vestibular nerve, these signals are carried by different afferents. Vestibular nucleus neurons represent the first point of convergence for these distinct sensory signals. This study systematically evaluated how rotational and translational signals interact in single neurons in the vestibular nuclei: multisensory integration at the first opportunity for convergence between these two independent vestibular sensory signals. Single-unit recordings were made from the vestibular nuclei of awake macaques during yaw rotation, translation in the horizontal plane, and combinations of rotation and translation at different frequencies. The overall response magnitude of the combined translation and rotation was generally less than the sum of the magnitudes in responses to the stimuli applied independently. However, we found that under conditions in which the peaks of the rotational and translational responses were coincident these signals were approximately additive. With presentation of rotation and translation at different frequencies, rotation was attenuated more than translation, regardless of which was at a higher frequency. These data suggest a nonlinear interaction between these two sensory modalities in the vestibular nuclei, in which coincident peak responses are proportionally stronger than other, off-peak interactions. These results are similar to those reported for other forms of multisensory integration, such as audio-visual integration in the superior colliculus. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study to systematically explore the interaction of rotational and translational signals in the vestibular nuclei through independent manipulation. The results of this study demonstrate nonlinear integration leading to maximum response amplitude when the timing and direction of peak rotational and translational responses are coincident.
Increasing Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells through Inhibition of CXCL12 with NOX-A12 Synergizes with PD-1 Blockade
Authors: Zboralski Dirk , Hoehlig Kai , Eulberg Dirk , Frömming Anna , Vater Axel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors promote T cell–mediated killing of cancer cells; however, only a subset of patients benefit from the treatment. A possible reason for this limitation may be that the tumor microenvironment (TME) is immune privileged, which may exclude cytotoxic T cells from the vicinity of cancer cells. The chemokine CXCL12 is key to the TME-driven immune suppression. In this study, we investigated the potential of CXCL12 inhibition by use of the clinical-stage l-RNA-aptamer NOX-A12 (olaptesed pegol) to increase the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. We used heterotypic tumor–stroma spheroids that mimic a solid tumor with a CXCL12-abundant TME. NOX-A12 enhanced the infiltration of T and NK cells in a dose-dependent manner. NOX-A12 and PD-1 checkpoint inhibition synergistically activated T cells in the spheroids, indicating that the agents complement each other. The findings were validated in vivo in a syngeneic murine model of colorectal cancer in which the addition of NOX-A12 improved anti–PD-1 therapy. Taken together, our work shows that CXCL12 inhibition can break the immune-privileged status of the TME by paving the way for immune effector cells to enter into the tumor, thereby broadening the applicability of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(11); 950–6. ©2017 AACR.
Dabigatran versus Warfarin for Acute Venous Thromboembolism in Elderly or Impaired Renal Function Patients: Pooled Analysis of RE-COVER and RE-COVER II
Authors: Goldhaber Samuel , Schulman Sam , Eriksson Henry , Feuring Martin , Fraessdorf Mandy , Kreuzer Jörg , Schüler Elke , Schellong Sebastian , Kakkar Ajay 
Published: October 2017

AbstractManagement of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) with anticoagulants in elderly patients and those with chronic kidney disease poses special challenges. The RE-COVER and RE-COVER II trials showed that dabigatran 150 mg twice daily was as effective as warfarin over 6 months in preventing recurrent VTE, with a lower bleeding risk. We now assess the effects of old age and renal impairment (RI) on pooled trial outcomes in 5,107 patients: 4,504 aged <75 years and 603 aged ≥75 years. The primary efficacy outcome was symptomatic VTE/VTE-related death. Safety outcomes were centrally adjudicated major bleeding events (MBEs), MBEs or clinically relevant non-major bleeding events (MBEs/CRBEs) and any bleeds. Baseline renal function was categorized as normal, mild RI or moderate RI. A total of 3,698 had normal renal function and 1,100 and 237 had mild and moderate RI, respectively (23 patients with severe RI and 49 with missing creatinine clearance data were not included). For dabigatran, VTE/VTE-related death decreased from 3.1% (normal renal function) to 1.9% for mild RI and to 0.0% for moderate RI. For warfarin, the event rates were 2.6, 1.6 and 4.1%, respectively. Overall, major bleeding increased with increasing RI (p = 0.0037) and with age (p = 0.4350), with no apparent difference between the dabigatran and warfarin patients. Dabigatran shows better efficacy than warfarin in RI and in the elderly patients, probably because of an increase in the concentration of dabigatran. However, bleeding risk increases with both dabigatran and warfarin in the presence of RI.
A produção social do conhecimento e as lições de Bourdieu para a Ciência da Informação
Authors: De Almeida Marco Antonio 
Published: October 2017

Resenha de: MARTELETO, Regina M.; PIMENTA, Ricardo M. (Org.) Pierre Bourdieu e a produção social da cultura, do conhecimento e da informação. Garamond, 2017.LUCAS, Elaine R. O.; SILVEIRA, Murilo A. S. (Org.) A Ciência da Informação encontra Bourdieu. FEBAB UFPE, 2017