bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Implementation of a rapid assay of ADAMTS13 activity was associated with improved 30‐day survival rate in patients with acquired primary thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura who received platelet transfusions
Authors: Yoshii Yumi , Fujimura Yoshihiro , Bennett Charles L. , Isonishi Ayami , Kurumatani Norio , Matsumoto Masanori 
Published: May 2017

BACKGROUNDPlatelet (PLT) transfusions are probably harmful in patients with acquired idiopathic thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (aTTP). Introduction of a rapid assay for ADAMTS13 activity should reduce the time to definite diagnosis of aTTP, reduce the amount of inappropriately transfused PLT concentrates, and improve mortality and morbidity.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe selected 265 aTTP patients with severe ADAMTS13 deficiency. Of these, 91 patients were diagnosed by March 2005 (Period 1), when ADAMTS13 activity was measured by von Willebrand factor multimer assay, which took 4 to 7 days until the result was reported. An additional 174 patients were diagnosed after April 2005 (Period 2), when the activity was measured by a chromogenic enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, which took 1 to 2 days.RESULTSWe found no significant differences in 30‐day survival rate between the two periods. Overall, 48 patients received PLT transfusions. Mortality was slightly greater between patients with (22.9%) versus without PLT transfusion (17.7%), but not significant. In Period 1, Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that older age (≥60 years) and PLT transfusion administration were independent factors associated with higher risks of 30‐day mortality. In contrast, in Period 2, lower Rose‐Eldor TTP severity score and use of plasma exchange and corticosteroid therapy were independent factors associated with higher survival rates while nonadministration of PLT transfusions was not.CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that PLT transfusions are harmful for aTTP patients when the definite diagnosis of severe ADAMTS13 deficiency is delayed. If it can be done as soon as possible, PLT transfusions for severe bleeding or surgical interventions might be allowed with subsequent plasmapheresis.
Isolating lattice from electronic contributions in thermal transport measurements of metals and alloys above ambient temperature and an adiabatic model
Authors: Criss Everett M. , Hofmeister Anne M. 
Published: May 2017

From femtosecond spectroscopy (fs-spectroscopy) of metals, electrons and phonons reequilibrate nearly independently, which contrasts with models of heat transfer at ordinary temperatures ([Formula: see text] K). These electronic transfer models only agree with thermal conductivity [Formula: see text] data at a single temperature, but do not agree with thermal diffusivity [Formula: see text] data. To address the discrepancies, which are important to problems in solid state physics, we separately measured electronic (ele) and phononic (lat) components of [Formula: see text] in many metals and alloys over [Formula: see text]290–1100 K by varying measurement duration and sample length in laser-flash experiments. These mechanisms produce distinct diffusive responses in temperature versus time acquisitions because carrier speeds [Formula: see text] and heat capacities [Formula: see text] differ greatly. Electronic transport of heat only operates for a brief time after heat is applied because [Formula: see text] is high. High [Formula: see text] is associated with moderate [Formula: see text], long lengths, low electrical resistivity, and loss of ferromagnetism. Relationships of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] with physical properties support our assignments. Although [Formula: see text] reaches [Formula: see text] near 470 K, it is transient. Combining previous data on [Formula: see text] with each [Formula: see text] provides mean free paths and lifetimes that are consistent with [Formula: see text] K fs-spectroscopy, and new values at high [Formula: see text]. Our findings are consistent with nearly-free electrons absorbing and transmitting a small fraction of the incoming heat, whereas phonons absorb and transmit the majority. We model time-dependent, parallel heat transfer under adiabatic conditions which is one-dimensional in solids, as required by thermodynamic law. For noninteracting mechanisms, [Formula: see text]. For metals, this reduces to [Formula: see text] above [Formula: see text]20 K, consistent with our measurements, and shows that Meissner’s equation [Formula: see text] is invalid above [Formula: see text]20 K. For one mechanism with multiple, interacting carriers, [Formula: see text]. Thus, certain dynamic behaviors of electrons and phonons in metals have been misunderstood. Implications for theoretical models and technological advancements are briefly discussed.
Preoperative Serum IL-12p40 Is a Potential Predictor of Kasai Portoenterostomy Outcome in Infants with Biliary Atresia
Authors: Goda Shaimaa Samy , Khedr Mohamed Ahmed , Elshenawy Soha Zaki , Ibrahim Tarek Mohamed , El-Araby Hanaa Ahmed , Sira Mostafa Mohamed 
Published: May 2017

The standard-of-care treatment for biliary atresia (BA) is surgical restoration of bile flow by Kasai portoenterostomy. We aimed to study serum interleukin- (IL-) 12p40, a natural antagonist for the proinflammatory IL-12p70, and its relation to surgical outcomes of BA. The study included 75 infants with neonatal cholestasis: BA group (n=25), non-BA cholestasis group (n=30), and neglected BA group (n=20), in addition to thirty healthy neonates serving as controls. IL-12p40 was measured by ELISA in all individuals and a second assessment was performed 3 months postoperatively in the BA group. The surgical outcomes were classified as successful (bilirubin ≤ 2 mg/dl) or failed (bilirubin > 2 mg/dl). IL-12p40 was higher in BA compared to that in the non-BA and control groups (P values were 0.036 and <0.0001, resp.) but comparable to that in the neglected BA group. Preoperative IL-12p40 levels in BA patients were significantly higher in successful Kasai compared with failed Kasai and a cutoff level of 547.47 pg/ml could predict the successful outcome with 87.5% sensitivity and 82.4% specificity. Three-month postoperative IL-12p40 tended to decrease in both the successful and failed groups. In conclusion, preoperative serum IL-12p40 is a potential predictor of Kasai outcome. Serial postoperative measurements may anticipate the failure of an initially successful operation, hence the need for liver transplantation.
Tumor Dormancy and Relapse: From a Natural Byproduct of Evolution to a Disease State
Authors: Manjili Masoud H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSpecies evolve by mutations and epigenetic changes acting on individuals in a population; tumors evolve by similar mechanisms at a cellular level in a tissue. This article reviews growing evidence about tumor dormancy and suggests that (i) cellular malignancy is a natural byproduct of evolutionary mechanisms, such as gene mutations and epigenetic modifications, which is manifested in the form of tumor dormancy in healthy individuals as well as in cancer survivors; (ii) cancer metastasis could be an early dissemination event that could occur during malignant dormancy even before primary cancer is clinically detectable; and (iii) chronic inflammation is a key factor in awakening dormant malignant cells at the primary site, leading to primary cancer development, and at distant sites, leading to advanced stage diseases. On the basis of this evidence, it is reasonable to propose that we are all cancer survivors rather than cancer-free individuals because of harboring dormant malignant cells in our organs. A better understanding of local and metastatic tumor dormancy could lead to novel cancer therapeutics for the prevention of cancer. Cancer Res; 77(10); 2564–9. ©2017 AACR.
Discovery of a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor that Targets PP2A–β-Catenin Signaling and Restricts Tumor Growth and Metastasis
Authors: Maheshwari Shrankhla , Avula Srinivasa R. , Singh Akhilesh , Singh L. Ravithej , Palnati Gopala R. , Arya Rakesh K. , Cheruvu Srikanth H. , Shahi Sudhir , Sharma Tanuj , Meena Sanjeev , Singh Anup K. , Kant Ruchir , Riyazuddin Mohammed , Bora Himangsu K. , Siddiqi Mohammad I. , Gayen Jiaur R. , Sashidhara Koneni V. , Datta Dipak 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Molecular hybridization of different pharmacophores to tackle both tumor growth and metastasis by a single molecular entity can be very effective and unique if the hybrid product shows drug-like properties. Here, we report synthesis and discovery of a novel small-molecule inhibitor of PP2A–β-catenin signaling that limits both in vivo tumor growth and metastasis. Our molecular hybridization approach resulted in cancer cell selectivity and improved drug-like properties of the molecule. Inhibiting PP2A and β-catenin interaction by selectively engaging PR55α-binding site, our most potent small-molecule inhibitor diminished the expression of active β-catenin and its target proteins c-Myc and Cyclin D1. Furthermore, it promotes robust E-cadherin upregulation on the cell surface and increases β-catenin–E-Cadherin association, which may prevent dissemination of metastatic cells. Altogether, we report synthesis and mechanistic insight of a novel drug-like molecule to differentially target β-catenin functionality via interacting with a particular subunit of PP2A. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(9); 1791–805. ©2017 AACR.
Niclosamide and Bicalutamide Combination Treatment Overcomes Enzalutamide- and Bicalutamide-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Authors: Liu Chengfei , Armstrong Cameron M. , Lou Wei , Lombard Alan P. , Cucchiara Vito , Gu Xinwei , Yang Joy C. , Nadiminty Nagalakshmi , Pan Chong-xian , Evans Christopher P. , Gao Allen C. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Activation of the androgen receptor (AR) and its splice variants is linked to advanced prostate cancer and drives resistance to antiandrogens. The roles of AR and AR variants in the development of resistance to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and bicalutamide treatment, however, are still incompletely understood. To determine whether AR variants play a role in bicalutamide resistance, we developed bicalutamide-resistant LNCaP cells (LNCaP-BicR) and found that these resistant cells express significantly increased levels of AR variants, particularly AR-V7, both at the mRNA and protein levels. Exogenous expression of AR-V7 in bicalutamide-sensitive LNCaP cells confers resistance to bicalutamide treatment. Knockdown of AR-V7 in bicalutamide- and enzalutamide-resistant CWR22Rv1, enzalutamide-resistant C4-2B (C4-2B MDVR), and LNCaP-BicR cells reversed bicalutamide resistance. Niclosamide, a potent inhibitor of AR variants, significantly enhanced bicalutamide treatment. Niclosamide and bicalutamide combination treatment not only suppressed AR and AR variants expression and inhibited their recruitment to the PSA promoter, but also significantly induced apoptosis in bicalutamide- and enzalutamide-resistant CWR22Rv1 and C4-2B MDVR cells. In addition, combination of niclosamide with bicalutamide inhibited the growth of enzalutamide-resistant tumors. In summary, our results demonstrate that AR variants, particularly AR-V7, drive bicalutamide resistance and that targeting AR-V7 with niclosamide can resensitize bicalutamide-resistant cells to bicalutamide treatment. Furthermore, combination of niclosamide with bicalutamide inhibits enzalutamide resistant tumor growth, suggesting that the combination of niclosamide and bicalutamide could be a potential cost-effective strategy to treat advanced prostate cancer in patients, including those who fail to respond to enzalutamide therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 16(8); 1521–30. ©2017 AACR.
Craugastor escoces (Anura: Craugastoridae) reappears after 30 years: rediscovery of an “extinct” Neotropical frog
Authors: Jiménez Randall , Alvarado Gilbert 
Published: May 2017

We report the rediscovery of a declared extinct frog,Craugastor escoces, at the edge of a protected forest in the Juan Castro Blanco National Park, Alajuela, Costa Rica. This species, which is endemic to Costa Rica, had not been observed since 1986. The rediscovery of this species comes after 30 years without being seen and 12 years of being declared extinct. The site where we found the species is located in the west of the central mountain region of Costa Rica, which is >15 km away from its known distribution. Our finding adds another species to the list of the few rediscovered frogs declared extinct. Knowing thatC. escocescan still be found triggers the need for conservation strategies to help the species survive.
Spirited Conversation about Hermeneutics
Authors: Archer Kenneth J. 
Published: May 2017

This article provides a critical assessment of Craig S. Keener’s Spirit Hermeneutics: Reading Scripture in the Light of Pentecost. It raises concerns regarding Keener’s commitment to grammatico-historical exegesis and questions whether pentecostal hermeneutics would not be better served by deconstructing the objective/subjective dichotomy that is prevalent in evangelical hermeneutics. A hermeneutical theory free from this dichotomy would coalesce nicely with postcolonial readings and with Keener’s own anecdotal testimonies of pentecostal and charismatic experiences. Lastly, the practice of principlizing the text is interrogated.
The Isolation of Chinese Migrants in Eastern Europe (东欧华人移民的隔离)
Authors: Liu (刘佩伦) Amy H. 
Published: May 2017

Eastern Europe has witnessed an influx of Chinese newcomers. Yet this region is often-overlooked by scholars of overseas Chinese. Similarly, the Chinese remain largely absent from European migration studies. In the work that has been done, the Chinese are often depicted as a community that keeps to itself. I examine this claim by highlighting the results of surveys conducted in Bulgaria, Croatia, and Hungary. These surveys, the largest ever done in each country, focus on three broad explanations for why the Chinese seem to be isolated, which I summarize as “need not, want not, and cannot.” The results identify significant differences between the three communities — but not because of want. Instead, the community in Hungary is the least isolated because it needs to interact with the locals; conversely, the community in Bulgaria is the most isolated because of the barriers its members face in the host country. This essay calls attention to the Chinese in European migration studies and to the region of Eastern Europe among overseas Chinese scholars.近年来，东欧已然成为华人移民的新大陆，此区域却普遍被海外华人学者所忽略；而华人移民议题亦不是欧洲移民研究的重心，现有的研究更常将华人描绘成一个与世隔绝的社群。在此研究中，笔者将透过分析保加利亚、克罗地亚以及匈牙利三国史上最大规模的调查资料来检视此一主张。这些调查为华人移民社群的孤立现象提供了三种解释：不需要、不想要、以及无法融入当地社群。分析结果显示，虽然三个华人社群的隔离因素有显著差异，但「不想要」与华人社群孤立现象并无因果关系。三国之中，以匈牙利的华人社群因需要和当地人互动因而孤立程度最低；保加利亚的华人社群则由于重重障碍导致孤立程度最高。本文建议欧洲移民研究应多关注华人移民议题，海外华人学者亦应多聚焦于东欧区域的移民问题。This article is in English.
Chinese Migration to Portugal (葡萄牙中国移民)
Authors: Gaspar Sofia 
Published: May 2017

The number of Chinese migrants settling in Portugal has been growing since the 1980s, and more rapidly since the turn of the century. However, studies focusing on these immigrants are still scarce and do not consider their diversity, including their different origins — essentially Macao, Mozambique, and China itself. The aim of this paper is to update the existing literature on Chinese migration to Portugal, particularly by looking at the immigrants’ diversity as a group (Macanese, Chinese Mozambicans, economic migrants, students, and business migrants). Additionally, data from the 2011 Census is analyzed for Chinese economic migrants in terms of the light it can shed on some dimensions related not only to their migratory paths, family contexts and labor market but particularly to their professional and economic strategies.
上个世纪八十年代以来，葡萄牙的华人人口不断增长，新千年初期尤其迅速。然而，学术界有关华人社会的研究仍然缺乏，并且未顾及华人社会的多元性。其实，生活在葡萄牙的华人源自澳门、莫桑比克和中国大陆。本文主要通过探视华人社会作为一个族裔群体所体现的多元性，更新有关旅葡华人的现有文献。通过分析2011年人口普查的有关数据，本文将对葡萄牙华人的移民途径、家庭背景和劳动市场，尤其是就业策略和经济策略，作出探讨。
This article is in English.
Roles of Streamwise and Transverse Partial-Vorticity Components in Steady Inviscid Isentropic Supercell-Like Flows
Authors: Davies-Jones Robert 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInvestigations of tornadogenesis in supercells attempt to find the origin of the tornado’s large vorticity by determining vorticity generation and amplification along trajectories that enter the tornado from a horizontally uniform unstable environment. Insights into tornadogenesis are provided by finding analytical formulas for vorticity variations along streamlines in idealized, steady, inviscid, isentropic inflows of dry air imported from the environment. The streamlines and vortex lines lie in the stationary isentropic surfaces so the vorticity is 2D. The transverse vorticity component (positive leftward of the streamlines) arises from imported transverse vorticity and from baroclinic vorticity accumulated in streamwise temperature gradients. The streamwise component stems from imported streamwise vorticity, from baroclinic vorticity accrued in transverse temperature gradients, and from positive transverse vorticity that is turned streamwise in cyclonically curved flow by a “river-bend process.” It is amplified in subsiding air as it approaches the ground. Streamwise stretching propagates a parcel’s streamwise vorticity forward in time. In steady flow, vorticity decomposes into baroclinic vorticity and two barotropic parts ωBTIS and ωBTIC arising from imported storm-relative streamwise vorticity (directional shear) and storm-relative crosswise vorticity (speed shear), respectively. The Beltrami vorticity ωBTIS is purely streamwise. It explains why abundant environmental storm-relative streamwise vorticity close to ground favors tornadic supercells. It flows directly into the updraft base unmodified apart from streamwise stretching, establishing mesocyclonic rotation and strong vortex suction at low altitudes. Increase (decrease) in storm-relative environmental wind speed with height near the ground accelerates (delays) tornadogenesis as positive (negative) ωBTIC is turned into streamwise (antistreamwise) vorticity within cyclonically curved flow around the mesocyclone.
Facebook addiction and loneliness in the post-graduate students of a university in southern India
Authors: Shettar Manoj , Karkal Ravichandra , Kakunje Anil , Mendonsa Rohan Dilip , Chandran VV Mohan 
Published: May 2017

Background: Facebook is a social networking site (SNS) for communication, entertainment and information exchange. Recent research has shown that excessive use of Facebook can result in addictive behavior in some individuals. Aim: To assess the patterns of Facebook use in post-graduate students of Yenepoya University and evaluate its association with loneliness. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done to evaluate 100 post-graduate students of Yenepoya University using Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale (BFAS) and University of California and Los Angeles (UCLA) loneliness scale version 3. Descriptive statistics were applied. Pearson’s bivariate correlation was done to see the relationship between severity of Facebook addiction and the experience of loneliness. Results: More than one-fourth (26%) of the study participants had Facebook addiction and 33% had a possibility of Facebook addiction. There was a significant positive correlation between severity of Facebook addiction and extent of experience of loneliness ( r = .239, p = .017). Conclusion: With the rapid growth of popularity and user-base of Facebook, a significant portion of the individuals are susceptible to develop addictive behaviors related to Facebook use. Loneliness is a factor which influences addiction to Facebook.
Part-Time Miners: Labor Segmentation and Collective Action in the Peruvian Mining Industry
Authors: Manky Omar 
Published: May 2017

Over the past two decades, besides the transformation of the organizational structure of the mining industry, there has been a shift in the spatial organization of production, expressed by the replacement of mining towns with mining hotels. Two case studies in Peru show that these changes have produced new forms of labor segmentation affecting workers’ capacity to mobilize by turning those who are directly employed by the company into a minority. While subcontracted miners have managed to overcome organizational segmentation by organizing across companies, the spatial segmentation of the mining hotel model has made local coordination difficult. Workers are not, however, necessarily defeated, as greater spatial mobility may offer possibilities of networking with new actors. En las últimas dos décadas, a la transformación de la estructura organizacional de las empresas mineras, cuya manifestación es la subcontratación laboral, se agrega el cambio en la organización espacial de la producción, expresada en el reemplazo del modelo de ciudad por hoteles mineros. Dos estudios de caso en Perú revelan que la segmentación organizacional reduce la capacidad de movilización porque vuelve a los trabajadores directamente empleados una minoría. Mientras la segmentación organizacional puede ser parcialmente superada a partir de la capacidad de los contratistas para coordinar acciones, un segundo tipo de segmentación, la espacial, dificulta coordinaciones a nivel local. Sin embargo, los obreros mineros no están necesariamente derrotados, pues su alta movilidad espacial podría traer la posibilidad de tender redes con actores transnacionales.
Teaching Conflict Resolution in the Bioecological System: Implementing Winning Colors®
Authors: Clapper Timothy C. , Rice Donna M. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose. The purpose of this article is to propose a solution for conflict resolution in a bioecological system. Background. In 1979, Bronfenbrenner introduced his bioecological theory of human development which suggested that children are immersed in four integrated systems that affect student behavior and success in public schools. More than thirty years later, the bioecological system has experienced several changes, most notably in the structure of the family and changes in the culture. Conflict can lead to tragedy but intervention programs have seen some success when any one of the four systems is positively affected. Winning Colors® can be an effective tool to teach conflict resolution and communication leading to situational leadership, team building, conflict resolution, and improved communication in any inter-personal situation. Winning Colors® uses four color cards with corresponding behavior strengths that can be understood by children and adults in a short period. Aim. In this article, we explain how Winning Colors® program that has been used to teach conflict resolution and communication to thousands of learners. Conclusion. Winning Colors® can be implemented to teach conflict resolution and communication across the bioecological system.