bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of Ginkgo biloba and psycho-education on stress, anxiety and fatigue among refugees
Authors: Alsmadi Ahmed Mohammad , Tawalbeh Loai. Issa. , Gammoh Omar Salem , Shawagfeh Mohammad Qassem , Zalloum Waleed , Ashour Ala , Attarian Hrayr 
Published: June 2017

Background: Refugees and war survivors are at higher risk of developing mental health disorders. Anxiety and stress are caused by many factors, including a stressful environment that could cause fatigue and low quality of life. Despite the existence of many synthetic anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, symptom management has still not been successful. Ginkgo biloba extract has been used as one of the potential herbal remedies to enhance cognitive functions. Psycho-education plays a significant role in alleviating psychological distress. However, the role of G. biloba in alleviating anxiety, stress and fatigue among refugees was not well studied previously. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to compare the effect of G. biloba and psycho-education with only psycho-education on refugees’ anxiety, stress and fatigue. Methods: A randomized controlled, pre-test–post-test design was used. Data were measured at baseline and 6 weeks later. Results: Providing psycho-education for the control group showed a non-significant improvement in outcome variables. However, adding G. biloba to psycho-education for the experimental group showed a significant reduction in mental, physical, activity fatigue and anxiety. Conclusion: The addition of G. biloba to the psycho-education proved superior to psycho-education alone. Therefore, combining the two approaches is beneficial in alleviating anxiety and fatigue.
Ultrasonographic and clinicopathologic features of segmental dilatations of the common bile duct in four cats
Authors: Spain Heather N , Penninck Dominique G , Webster Cynthia RL , Daure Evence , Jennings Samuel H 
Published: June 2017

Case series summary This case series documents ultrasonographic and clinicopathologic features of four cats with marked segmental dilatations of the common bile duct (CBD). All cats had additional ultrasonographic changes to the hepatobiliary system, including hepatomegaly, tubular to saccular intra/extrahepatic biliary duct dilatation and biliary debris accumulation. Based on all available data the presence of extrahepatic biliary duct obstruction (EHBDO) was ruled out in 3/4 cases and was equivocal in one case. One cat underwent re-routing surgery to address the CBD dilatation after multiple recurrent infections, one cat was euthanized and had a post-mortem examination and two cats were medically managed with antibiotics, liver protectants, gastroprotectants and cholerectics. Relevance and novel information The ultrasonographic features of the CBD in this population of cats were supportive of choledochal cysts (CCs). The maximal diameter of the CBD dilatations exceeded 5 mm in all cases, a sign that has been previously reported to be consistent with EHBDO. In our study, dilatations were segmental rather than diffuse. Given the high morbidity and mortality associated with hepatobiliary surgery in cats, segmental dilatation of the CBD should not prompt emergency surgery. Some cats may respond to medical management. Careful planning for cyst resection was beneficial in one cat. Evaluation of CC morphology (eg, size, location, concurrent intrahepatic anomalies) may assist in selecting cats that could benefit from surgical intervention.
Semitendinosus Tendon for ACL Reconstruction: Regrowth and Mechanical Property Recovery
Authors: Suydam Stephen M. , Cortes Daniel H. , Axe Michael J. , Snyder-Mackler Lynn , Buchanan Thomas S. 
Published: June 2017

Background: Semitendinosus/gracilis (STG) tendon autograft has been used effectively for restoring knee stability after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Though ACL reconstruction with STG autograft is an effective surgical technique for return to sports, short-term hamstring strength asymmetries exist after surgery. Although imaging evidence has demonstrated regrowth and reorganization of the semitendinosus (ST) tendon, no studies show whether the regrowth is associated with residual muscle function. Continuous shear wave elastography (cSWE) using an external actuator and high–frame rate ultrasound is a promising technique for evaluating the mechanical properties of regrown tendons in vivo. Purpose: To demonstrate recovery of the mechanical properties of the hamstring tendons after ACL reconstruction using an STG tendon autograft. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: Thirteen patients underwent an STG autograft reconstruction after ACL rupture. Regrowth of the ST tendon was confirmed via b-mode ultrasound between 6 and 24 months postreconstruction. The shear elastic ( µ1) and viscosity moduli ( µ2) of the ST tendons were ascertained through cSWE using an external actuator and high–frame rate ultrasound. Results: Significant differences in both shear elastic (129.4 vs 73.0 kPa) and viscous moduli (192.6 vs 114.3 Pa·s) existed bilaterally for uninvolved and involved limbs, respectively. Additionally, a positive correlation between time postoperative and shear elasticity was observed ( r = 0.60). More than 12 months were required for patients to regain a large percentage of the tendon’s mechanical properties compared with the contralateral side ( µ1, 80.6% at >12 months vs 39.9%; µ2, 78.7% at >12 months vs 46.0%). Conclusion: The imaging and elastography data demonstrate tendon regrowth and recovery of functional biomechanical properties with time. The elastic modulus of the recovered tendon indicates the ability to transmit muscle force across the joint and recovery of semitendinosus function after its use for an ACL graft.
Tests, scans and investigations, 11. Gastroscopy
Authors: Peate Ian 
Published: June 2017

A gastroscopy is an invasive procedure that is undertaken for several reasons: for example, to help make a diagnosis, treat a condition or monitor the effectiveness of treatment. This is a common type of test; however, for some people, it can cause anxiety and fear about having the procedure performed. This article provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the upper gastrointestinal tract, an overview of the test, a discussion concerning the reasons why the investigation may be needed, along with a description of how it is performed. The potential risks that are associated with this investigation are discussed. The role the healthcare assistant and the assistant practitioner (HCA and AP) play in assisting the person prior to, during and after the test is outlined.
The Evaluation of a Personal Narrative Language Intervention for School-Age Children With Down Syndrome
Authors: Finestack Lizbeth , O'Brien Katy H. , Hyppa-Martin Jolene , Lyrek Kristen A. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of an intervention focused on improving personal narrative skills of school-age children with Down syndrome (DS) using an approach involving visual supports. Four females with DS, ages 10 through 15 years, participated in this multiple baseline across participants single-subject experimental design study. Participants completed 18 intervention sessions that targeted personal narrative goals. Parents completed a survey regarding their perspectives of the intervention. Two participants made small treatment gains in mean length of utterance. One participant had small to medium gains on all macrostructural measures. Parent perspectives were positive. Results support the feasibility of personal narrative interventions for individuals with DS when visual support is provided.
DEMOGRAPHY OF Astrocaryum malybo H.Karst. (ARECACEAE) IN COLOMBIA, RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ITS MANAGEMENT AND CONSERVATION
Authors: García Castro Néstor Julio , Galeano Gloria , Bernal Rodrigo 
Published: June 2017

La palma Astrocaryum malybo es una especie en peligro que crece en relictos de bosque en las tierras bajas del caribe colombiano, donde sus cogollos suministran fibra para una próspera actividad artesanal. Se estudiaron su estructura y dinámica poblacional en Chimichagua, Cesar, con el fin de suministrar información ecológica para su manejo y conservación. Se modeló el crecimiento poblacional y la producción de fibra durante los próximos 20 años bajo diferentes escenarios de manejo, usando modelos de proyección integral. Aunque se encontró una baja proporción de plántulas y variaciones en la estructura poblacional, la población tenderá a crecer en los próximo 20 años con una tasa anual de 7.1%, suministrando cerca de 35 cogollos/ha/año para la actividad artesanal. La modelación de escenarios muestra que la población es susceptible a alteraciones que afecten la supervivencia de los individuos. Con la eliminación de solo 34 palmas de cualquier tamaño por ha/año, la población tenderá a decrecer y como consecuencia la producción de cogollos decaerá. En contraste, cualquier aumento en la supervivencia o el crecimiento de las plántulas llevaría a un crecimiento de la población. Si se maneja adecuadamente, A. malybo es una especie clave para la conservación de los relictos de bosque seco en el caribe colombiano.
DESARROLLO INICIAL DEL ROBLE ANDINO EN RESPUESTA AL MANEJO EN VIVERO Y DURANTE LA PLANTACIÓN
Authors: Diez Gómez María Claudia , Sepúlveda Yira L. , Moreno Flavio 
Published: June 2017

Las plantaciones de Quercus humboldtii no necesarias para el desarrollo de programas de restauración de robledales y de reforestación comercial. En este trabajo se estudió el efecto del manejo en vivero (iluminación relativa y fertilización), las características del sitio de plantación (cobertura vegetal) y la fertilización al momento del trasplante sobre el crecimiento inicial en campo de Q. humboldtii. La cobertura de rastrojo presentó condiciones más favorables sobre el crecimiento en altura; en ella la fertilización en vivero y durante la plantación generó un efecto positivo sobre la altura y el diámetro, pues las deficiencias nutricionales adquiridas desde el vivero disminuyeron el desarrollo en campo. Las deficiencias en N, P y Ca fueron más restrictivas que las deficiencias en B, Mg, S y K. La iluminación relativa en vivero no influyó sobre el crecimiento en esta cobertura; por su parte, en pastizales el crecimiento diamétrico fue mayor. La fertilización (en vivero y campo) no afectó el crecimiento en altura, pero sí en diámetro. En pastizales la deficiencia en N fue la más restrictiva, mientras que las deficiencias en S y K fueron las menos restrictivas. Los árboles sometidos a alta iluminación en vivero crecieron más al plantarlos en pastizales.
Effect of Carbohydrate Mouth Rinse on Training Load Volume in Resistance Exercises
Authors: Bastos-Silva Victor J. , Prestes Jonato , Geraldes Amandio A.R. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Bastos-Silva, VJ, Prestes, J, and Geraldes, AAR. Effect of carbohydrate mouth rinse on training load volume in resistance exercises. J Strength Cond Res 33(6): 1654–1658, 2019—The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) mouth rinse on training load volume (TLV—number of repetitions × load lifted [kg]) on 2 resistance exercises: leg press (LP) and bench press (BP). Twelve recreational resistance trained males were recruited. Subjects were assessed for 1 repetition maximum (1RM) and muscular endurance (ME) in LP and BP. Muscular endurance was determined by the maximum number of repetitions performed to volitional fatigue, with a load equal to 80% of 1RM. Exercises were performed on separate days (72 hours apart) under 3 experimental conditions: control (CONT), CHO (25 ml with 6.4% of maltodextrin), and placebo (juice without CHO [PLA]). Carbohydrate and PLA were used immediately before each exercise. There was no significant difference between conditions for the number of repetitions (CHO = 13.5 ± 4.8; PLA = 11.5 ± 4.4; CONT = 12.4 ± 4.4, p = 0.68) nor TLV (CHO = 2006.7 ± 825.2 kg; PLA = 1712.5 ± 772.9 kg; CONT = 1817.1 ± 672.6 kg, p = 0.99) in LP. However, CHO increased both repetitions (CHO = 8.2 ± 1.6; PLA = 7.1 ± 2.4; CONT = 6.8 ± 1.8, p = 0.002) and TLV (CHO = 557.1 ± 155.4 kg; PLA = 495.9 ± 206.1 kg; CONT = 476.1 ± 175.3 kg, p = 0.035) compared with CON in BP. Thus, a CHO mouth rinse increases BP performance in trained men, suggesting an interesting strategy to be used by experienced resistance training practitioners.
Bilateral Comparison of Vertical Jump Landings and Step-off Landings From Equal Heights
Authors: Harry John R. , Freedman Silvernail Julia , Mercer John A. , Dufek Janet S. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Harry, JR, Silvernail, JF, Mercer, JA, and Dufek, JS. Bilateral comparison of vertical jump landings and step-off landings from equal heights. J Strength Cond Res 32(7): 1937–1947, 2018—The purpose of this investigation was to examine kinetic, kinematic, and temporal parameters during vertical jump landings (VJL) and step-off landings (STL) from equal heights. Five men (25.0 ± 1.6 years; 1.7 ± 0.4 m; 79.7 ± 7.1 kg) and 5 women (20.8 ± 1.6 years; 1.6 ± 0.4 m; 68.5 ± 7.1 kg) performed 15 VJL and 15 STL. Paired-samples t-tests (α = 0.05) compared impact velocity and the times to the first (F1) and second (F2) peak vertical ground reaction force magnitudes (tF1 and tF2) and the end of impact. Two-way analyses of variance (α = 0.05) compared limb and task differences in F1, F2, hip, knee, and ankle joint angles at ground contact, F1, F2, and the end of impact, and hip, knee, and ankle joint displacements between contact and F1, F1 and F2, and F2 and the end of impact. Impact velocity was not different between STL and VJL, although STL produced a greater F1 and a more rapid tF2. Greater hip, knee, and ankle flexion/dorsiflexion occurred during STL throughout the majority of impact regardless of limb. Lesser hip, knee, and ankle joint displacements occurred during STL regardless of limb between F1 and F2, whereas greater joint displacement occurred between F2 and the end of impact. Lastly, knee joint angles at ground contact differed between limbs during STL only. Strength and conditioning professionals aiming to improve an athlete's performance during sport-specific jump landings should consider the likely impact attenuation outcomes before selecting STL or VJL in training.
Eye Tracking of Occluded Self-Moved Targets: Role of Haptic Feedback and Hand-Target Dynamics
Authors: Danion Frederic , Mathew James , Flanagan J. Randall 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPrevious studies on smooth pursuit eye movements have shown that humans can continue to track the position of their hand, or a target controlled by the hand, after it is occluded, thereby demonstrating that arm motor commands contribute to the prediction of target motion driving pursuit eye movements. Here, we investigated this predictive mechanism by manipulating both the complexity of the hand-target mapping and the provision of haptic feedback. Two hand-target mappings were used, either a rigid (simple) one in which hand and target motion matched perfectly or a nonrigid (complex) one in which the target behaved as a mass attached to the hand by means of a spring. Target animation was obtained by asking participants to oscillate a lightweight robotic device that provided (or not) haptic feedback consistent with the target dynamics. Results showed that as long as 7 s after target occlusion, smooth pursuit continued to be the main contributor to total eye displacement (∼60%). However, the accuracy of eye-tracking varied substantially across experimental conditions. In general, eye-tracking was less accurate under the nonrigid mapping, as reflected by higher positional and velocity errors. Interestingly, haptic feedback helped to reduce the detrimental effects of target occlusion when participants used the nonrigid mapping, but not when they used the rigid one. Overall, we conclude that the ability to maintain smooth pursuit in the absence of visual information can extend to complex hand-target mappings, but the provision of haptic feedback is critical for the maintenance of accurate eye-tracking performance.
Distinct Correlation Structure Supporting a Rate-Code for Sound Localization in the Owl’s Auditory Forebrain
Authors: Beckert Michael V. , Pavão Rodrigo , Peña José L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhile a topographic map of auditory space exists in the vertebrate midbrain, it is absent in the forebrain. Yet, both brain regions are implicated in sound localization. The heterogeneous spatial tuning of adjacent sites in the forebrain compared to the midbrain reflects different underlying circuitries, which is expected to affect the correlation structure, i.e., signal (similarity of tuning) and noise (trial-by-trial variability) correlations. Recent studies have drawn attention to the impact of response correlations on the information readout from a neural population. We thus analyzed the correlation structure in midbrain and forebrain regions of the barn owl’s auditory system. Tetrodes were used to record in the midbrain and two forebrain regions, Field L and the downstream auditory arcopallium (AAr), in anesthetized owls. Nearby neurons in the midbrain showed high signal and noise correlations (RNCs), consistent with shared inputs. As previously reported, Field L was arranged in random clusters of similarly tuned neurons. Interestingly, AAr neurons displayed homogeneous monotonic azimuth tuning, while response variability of nearby neurons was significantly less correlated than the midbrain. Using a decoding approach, we demonstrate that low RNCin AAr restricts the potentially detrimental effect it can have on information, assuming a rate code proposed for mammalian sound localization. This study harnesses the power of correlation structure analysis to investigate the coding of auditory space. Our findings demonstrate distinct correlation structures in the auditory midbrain and forebrain, which would be beneficial for a rate-code framework for sound localization in the nontopographic forebrain representation of auditory space.
Memoria y espacio social de mujeres en el interior de Bahía, Brasil
Authors: Radl Philipp Rita , Santos Mafra Benedictis Nereida Mª , Gómez Vázquez Begoña 
Published: June 2017

El presente trabajo presenta los datos del proyecto de investigación de tesis doctoral titulada: “Memoria y Geografía Social de las mujeres en Río de Contas-Bahía: la participación femenina en el proceso de la construcción de una sociedad”. Pretende realizar un análisis científico basado en una visión teórica de la memoria como un medio para la reconstrucción de la memoria de las mujeres que es estudiada empíricamente a través de testimonios y pruebas documentales y la Geografía Social, concretamente desde la óptica de la geografía humana centrada en el espacio como categoría de análisis de la ciencia geográfica. La investigación enfoca el espacio público y el espacio privado de Rio de Contas, ciudad pequeña del estado de Bahía de Brasil, incluyendo tres comunidades de este municipio, así como las relaciones y la práctica social de las mujeres existentes en la familia, en el trabajo y en espacio social.La investigación y los análisis parten de una visión epistemológica de la teoría crítica del conocimiento, que aporta las bases para entender la apropiación del contexto histórico y social que dio origen a los conocimientos sobre las mujeres y para la (re) construcción de las memorias de mujeres trabajadores de metal, mujeres comunistas, oradoras y educadores que permanecieron durante siglos invisibles para la historia oficial. Como resultado del trabajo se puede subrayar que la memoria social de Río de Contas y sus comunidades, al contrario de lo defendido durante mucho tiempo por la mayoría de las teóricas feministas que las mujeres estudiadas indican que estas mujeres desarrollaron, en parte, actividades masculinas y tuvieron un papel social importante que ha sido una referencia para la sociedad en los aspectos económicos, sociales y políticos.
Memorias sociales y familiares de la dictadura cívico-militar: narrativas biográficas de integrantes de la asociación Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo
Authors: Kriger Miriam Elizabeth , Guglielmo Luciana Cecilia 
Published: June 2017

Este artículo contribuye al estudio de pasados recientes, memorias sociales y derechos humanos en contextos de terrorismo de Estado. De manera específica, analiza la relación entre memorias sociales y familiares de algunas fundadoras de la asociación Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, que son madres de desaparecidos en la última dictaduracívico-militar argentina (1976-1983). La propuesta se enmarca en el campo de los estudios sobre el pasado reciente en Argentina y se centra en los procesos de construcción de memorias sociales entre el 2003 y el 2015, durante el ciclo de gobiernos kirchneristas (elde Néstor Kirchner, entre 2003-2007, y los de Cristina Kirchner, entre el 2007 y el 2011 y entre el 2011 y el 2015). Este periodo se escogió inicialmente por la derogación del indulto y de las leyes del olvido —que dio lugar a la reactivación de los juicios contra los responsables del terrorismo de Estado bajo la figura de lesa humanidad— y luego por convertir la lucha por los derechos humanos y la memoria de la dictadura en una política de Estado, alincorporar a gran parte de los actores fundacionales, como las Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo. En el artículo, se presentan avances de una investigación en curso, cuyo propósito es contribuir, mediante las narrativas familiares de los desaparecidos, a la problematización de los cambios en el régimen de las memorias sociales. Se trata de procesos políticos muy dinámicos, en los que intervienen diversas narrativas emblemáticas, algunas nuevas y otras en construcción, que coexisten conflictivamente. Así, cada memoria puede tener un peso histórico y una visibilidad variable en diferentes momentos.Puede volverse una memoria fuerte o débil según la coyuntura y el papel que le otorguen el Estado y la sociedad. Se presentan aquí narrativas biográficas de tres miembros de la asociación Abuelas de Plaza de Mayo, surgidas de entrevistas presenciales semiestructuradas y en profundidad realizadas ad hoc, en las cuales se ponen en juego estas memorias en diferentes registros. Se muestran fragmentos selectos para establecer las modalidades de reconocimiento de sus hijos desaparecidos y las tensiones entre su identidad juvenil y su condición militante.