bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of SiC reinforced high entropy alloy (Ni-Co-Fe-Ti) matrix composites produced by microwave and conventional sintering techniques
Authors: Pritima D , Ravichandran M , Veerappan G , Mohanavel V 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The aim of this work is to synthesize SiC reinforced Ni-Co-Fe-Ti composite using powder metallurgy (PM) method. Two sintering methods, conventional sintering (CS) using a tubular furnace and microwave sintering (MWS), are employed to synthesize three different weight percentages of SiC (3 wt%, 6 wt%, and 9 wt%) within a Ni-Co-Fe-Ti matrix. The densification behavior of synthesized Ni-Co-Fe-Ti-SiC composites are studied using sinterability function. The highest sinterability of 0.89 was achieved for Ni-Co-Fe-Ti-0 wt.wt% SiC alloy. The densification rate was found to be higher in MW sintered composites compared to those sintered conventionally. 3.5 wt% NaCl solution was considered for corrosion examination and it was determined that Ni-Co-Fe-Ti- 9 wt% SiC MW sintered composite exhibit highest corrosion resistance. Ni-Co-Fe-Ti-9 wt% SiC MW sintered composite exhibits higher compressive strength of 1050 MPa than conventional sintered Ni-Co-Fe-Ti-9 wt% SiC (625 MPa). Ni-Co-Fe-Ti-6 wt% SiC MW sintered composite possess highest hardness of 58 HRC among other prepared composites. Interestingly, decreasing trend in hardness was observed for further inclusion of SiC with Ni-Co-Ti-Fe matrix. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and microstructural characterization technique shows the formation of pores in the conventional sintered composites. But, there is no formation of pores in the MW sintered composite of all the composition. Tribological studies were conducted using pin on disc method. Worn surface morphology was analyzed and it shows that severe pullout was observed in the worn surface of conventional sintered Ni-Co-Fe-Ti- 6 wt%SiC.The best optimum set of parameters (Sliding Speed 1146 rpm, SiC inclusion 6 wt%, Applied Load 20 N) were found out using Taguchi method.
Perceptual Knowledge and the ‘Activity’ of Belief
Authors: Roessler Johannes 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this chapter I discuss a challenge to the influential view that believing something belongs to the ‘active side’ of the human mind insofar as it implicates capacities for ‘rational agency’ or ‘rational self-determination’. Advocates of the Activity thesis (as I call it) set great store by our practice of holding each other accountable for what we believe. My question is whether they have distorted that practice by ignoring the role knowledge can play in providing credentials for belief. I articulate the challenge and then consider various lines of response to it. I conclude by suggesting that there may be no single illuminating distinction to be drawn between activity and passivity in the mind (but rather a number of sundry distinctions).
Contemporary Politics and Classical Chinese Thought
Authors: Lewis Colin J , Kling Jennifer 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Analytic political philosophy is thoroughly Western in its intellectual resources and outlook. There is a great need to globalize contemporary applied political philosophy. This book takes up that call and applies classical Chinese thought to a series of current sociopolitical issues, including the construction and deconstruction of political narratives; the legal standing of robots; the relationships among people, communities, and the environment; the funding (or defunding) of police; the status of private militias; and the question of justified revolution in liberal democracies, among others. Contrary to popular opinion, classical Chinese philosophy is neither so mysterious as to be impenetrable and useless to political philosophy today, nor so commonsensical as to be banal. To make progress on the thorniest sociopolitical issues facing the world, it is imperative to bring these previously underutilized and understudied resources to bear; only then might societies attain justice, peace, and flourishing equally enjoyed by all.
Faith in Fallacy
Authors: Powell James Lawrence 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Faith in Fallacy: A Century of State-Sanctioned Science Denial, by James Lawrence Powell, reveals the deadly consequences of an entire nation adopting a policy of denying consensus science. During the twentieth century, state-sanctioned science denial cost the lives of at least fifty million people, as many as the great wars. In the Soviet Union under Stalin and his agent Lysenko, denial of genetics led to lethal agricultural policies, resulting in the persecution and execution of dissenting scientists and widespread famine. In Mao’s China, the wholesale adoption of Lysenkoist pseudoscience led to a famine that claimed an estimated forty-five million lives. Hitler made state policy of Nazi eugenics, a twisted theory that held that some races are superior to others. This led first to the murder of disabled persons, including children, and then to the Holocaust. “German physics” caused the exodus of many Jewish scientists, including Einstein. President Mbeki of South Africa conducted his own internet research and concluded that HIV does not cause AIDS and that folk remedies are preferable to antiretroviral drugs, costing an estimated 330,000 deaths. In this century, in Brazil and the United States, Presidents Jair Bolsonaro and Donald Trump rejected medical advice to downplay the danger of the COVID-19 virus and discourage protective measures, causing many unnecessary deaths. Today’s Republican party rejects man-made global warming, thus denying the greatest threat that humanity has ever faced. The lesson is clear: learn from this deadly history, trust scientists and act on their advice, or cripple the lives of coming generations.
Antimicrobial Shortages: A Global Issue Impacting Infectious Diseases
Authors: Bartoo Anna S , Gilmer Mary A , Tichy Eric M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Shortages of antimicrobial agents rank second among all pharmaceutical classes. These shortages are persistent and increasing. The underlying reasons for shortages include manufacturing and quality issues, market economics, and changes in demand. Antimicrobial shortages compromise patient outcomes and increase treatment costs, contribute to antibiotic resistance, and may lead to increased adverse effects.
Ten tips to manage oral anticoagulation in hemodialysis patients with atrial fibrillation
Authors: Heine Gunnar H , Schneppe Carolin , Bauersachs Rupert , Eitel Ingo , Neuen Brendon L , Ruff Christian T , Schirmer Stephan H , De Vriese An 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have a high incidence and prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF). While general treatment strategies for AF may largely be transferred to patients with mild to moderate CKD, patients with advanced CKD—particularly hemodialysis (HD) patients—with AF pose substantial therapeutical challenges to cardiologists and nephrologists. The arguably greatest dilemma is the very limited evidence on appropriate strategies for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in HD patients with AF, since the risk for both thromboembolic events without oral anticoagulation and severe bleeding events with oral anticoagulation are substantially increased in advanced CKD, compared with the general population. Thus, the benefit to risk ratio of either vitamin K antagonists or direct oral anticoagulants is less evident in HD than in non-CKD patients with AF.
As a multidisciplinary panel of clinicians, we here propose 10 tips that may help our colleagues to navigate between the risk of undertreatment—exposing CKD patients with AF to a high stroke risk—and overtreatment—exposing the very same patients to a prohibitively high bleeding risk. These tips include ideas on alternative risk stratification strategies and novel treatment approaches that are currently in clinical studies—such as factor XI inhibitors or left atrial appendage closure—and may become game-changers for HD patients with AF.
Breeding season temporal and spatial trends in continental-scale migration of the monarch butterfly
Authors: Fisher Kelsey E , Filandro Alina , Bradbury Steven P , Wanamaker Alan , Coates Brad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus) is a vagile species that undertakes an annual, multi-generational migration across North America. The abundance of this species at both eastern and western overwintering sites in Central Mexico and California indicates a population decline. Success of continental-scale conservation programs for a migratory species depends on providing, maintaining, and protecting habitats at appropriate temporal and spatial scales. Here, dynamics of monarch continental-scale migration and gene flow were obtained by combined stable isotope, morphological, and genetic analyses. These analyses were applied to temporal monarch samples collected from May to September during 2016–2021 at locations in Iowa, USA and spatial collections from Pennsylvania, Delaware, Iowa, Ohio, Nevada, Idaho, Hawaii, 3 Australian locations during July and August 2016, and Texas in April 2021. Evidence of seasonal multi-generational migration was obtained through δ2H analyses of spatial collections, which was corroborated by decreased wing hue (a morphological marker for non-migratory individuals). In Iowa, 10–15% of monarchs represented migrants from southern areas throughout the breeding season and 6% were migrants from the North in midsummer. Limited sequence variation detected across the mitochondrial genome impacted the capability to detect significant population genetic variation in our North American samples. However, 2 novel substitutions were identified and predicted to be fixed among Australia samples, contributing to intercontinental differentiation from counterparts in North America. Our assessment of temporal and spatial population dynamics across the North American monarch breeding range provides insight into continental-scale migration and previously undetected mitochondrial DNA variation among globally distributed populations.
Avances y retos del plurilingüismo en los poderes públicos del estado españolProgress and challenges of multilingualism in the public powers of the Spanish state
Authors: Ridao-Martín Joan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
More than four decades after the promulgation of the Spanish Constitution of 1978, its provisions on linguistic matters have been defined, through a dynamic and constructive process, by the state and regional legislators, and by the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, to the point of allowing a significant advance of minority languages that had been neglected for decades. Over time, this dynamic, not exempt from controversy, as corresponds to an open and plural society, has revealed some imbalances due to the asymmetry of the constitutional linguistic model, for example the scarce presence and promotion of linguistic diversity at the state level.
Trade-offs between selection of crude protein and tannins in growing lambs
Authors: Terra-Braga Marina , Poli Cesar H E C , Tontini Jalise F , Ahsin Muhammad , Van Vliet Stephan , Villalba Juan J 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Tannins are phenolic compounds that provide benefits to ruminants due to their protein-binding affinities and antioxidant properties. However, tannins may also have negative orosensorial and postingestive effects that decrease feed intake. This study explored how lambs trade off the ingestion of crude protein (CP) with the ingestion of potentially beneficial and toxic condensed and hydrolyzable tannins, and the ensuing impacts on diet digestibility, animal performance, and blood parameters. Thirty-two lambs were housed in individual pens for 8 wk and had access to 2 isoenergetic diets that varied in the concentration of CP (High-high in protein [HP] or Low-least preferred [LP]) and the presence of a mix of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins (4% DM). Animals were assigned to 4 treatment groups (N = 8 lambs/group) and received a simultaneous offer of: HP and LP (Control); HP and LP + tannins (HP − LP+); HP+ tannins and LP (HP + LP−); and both HP and LP with tannins (HP + LP+). All lambs preferred HP over LP and they avoided tannins in the diets (P &lt; 0.001). Dry matter and CP intake were the lowest in HP + LP− (P &lt; 0.0001), and DMD did not differ between Control and the other groups (P &gt; 0.05), but it was greater for HP − LP + (P &lt; 0.0001). CP digestibility was greater for groups without tannins in HP (P &lt; 0.0001), but average daily gain (ADG) did not differ among treatments (P &gt; 0.05). No differences between Control and HP + LP + were found in plasma antioxidant activity, total phenolic concentration, or haptoglobin concentration (P &gt; 0.05). Intake of tannins was HP + LP+ &gt; HP + LP− &gt; HP − LP + (P &lt; 0.0001), and fecal excretion of nitrogen (N) was HP + LP+ &gt; HP − LP+ = HP + LP− &gt; Control (P &lt; 0.05). In addition, intake of tannins with both diets reduced blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration relative to Control (P &lt; 0.05), thus suggesting a shift in the partitioning of N excretion from urine to feces. In summary, lambs prioritized the selection of HP over LP, regardless of the presence of a tannin extract in either or both diets. Nevertheless, lambs modulated their tannin consumption as a function of the specific diet where the tannin extract was added, with increasing levels of intake as tannins were present in just LP, then in just HP, and finally in both diets. Dietary tannins did not constrain ADG and resulted in a shift in the partitioning of N excretion from urine to feces. Such shifts have been found to result in reduced production of environmental pollutants such as ammonia, nitrous oxide, and nitrates.
The Early Provenance of Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 402 (Ancrene Wisse)
Authors: Hanna Ralph 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Cambridge, Corpus Christi College, MS 402 uniquely transmits the authorial revision of the central Middle English spiritual text, Ancrene Riwle/Ancrene Wisse. The first leaf includes a note of the book’s donation to the Augustinian abbey at Wigmore (Herefs) around 1300. This note investigates the donor and the circumstances that may have prompted both the book’s production and the abbey precentor’s request for its donation.
The AP2 transcription factor BARE RECEPTACLE regulates floral organogenesis via auxin pathways in woodland strawberry
Authors: Lu Rui , Hu Shaoqiang , Feng Jia , Liu Zhongchi , Kang Chunying 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
During flower development, various floral organs are formed to ensure fertilization and fruit set. Although the genetic networks underlying flower development are increasingly well understood, less is known about the mechanistic basis in different species. Here, we identified a mutant of woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), bare receptacle (bre), which produces flowers with greatly reduced carpels and other floral organs. Genetic analysis revealed that BRE encodes an APETALA2 (AP2) transcription factor. BRE was highly expressed in floral meristems and floral organ primordia. BRE could directly bind the GCC-box motif in the YUCCA (YUC) auxin biosynthesis genes FveYUC4 and FveYUC2 and promote their expression. The yuc4 mutant had fewer floral organs, and the bre yuc4 double mutant had similar numbers of petals and carpels to bre. Auxin homeostasis and distribution were severely disrupted in bre. Although auxin application or FveYUC4 overexpression did not rescue the bre phenotypes, bre was hypersensitive to treatment with the polar auxin transport inhibitor N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA). In addition, BRE was able to directly bind and regulate the expression of five other auxin pathway genes. Overall, these results demonstrate that BRE is required for floral organogenesis, particularly carpel initiation, and acts through the auxin pathway in strawberry.
Status compensation effect in grant applications: applicants of lower status create longer titles for their grant proposals in China
Authors: Meng Liang , Chen Lei , Zhang Diandian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this study, to examine status compensation effect we explore an intriguing behavioral pattern of grant applicants. We draw from the status compensation hypothesis and examine the influence of an applicant’s status (i.e. ranking of the applicant’s affiliated institution) on the title length of the applicant’s grant proposal. In addition, we explore the moderating effects of project discipline, the applicant’s grant approval experience, and funding amount. Information of all projects funded by the Management Science Division of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) between 2015 and 2019 were screened and analyzed with a pooled cross-section data model. Ranking of the applicant’s institution was found to negatively predict the title length of the grant proposal. This effect is more pronounced in grants in Business Administration, for applicants with more experience in grant approval, and when a project has a larger funding amount. Findings of this study illustrate the prevalent status-induced compensatory behaviors in grant applications, which contribute to research on the compensation effect and bear practical implications for the scientific community.
SimCapture app video performance assessment versus real-time instructor-based performance evaluation of undergraduates in neonatal resuscitation—an agreement study
Authors: Sinha Anish , Nimbalkar Somashekhar M , Pujara Reshma K , Patel Purvi Rachit , Shinde Mayur K , Sethi Swati , Aradhya Rashmi , Patel Dipen Vasudev 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Undergraduates are trained in the basic neonatal resuscitation programme (NRP) and evaluated for skill acquisition by NRP performance evaluation test (PET). Video use improves the validity of assessment when video-information adequacy, intrusiveness to students, and educational purpose are adequately balanced. We evaluated whether there was a difference between instructor’s real-time assessment and video-based assessment done by another independent assessor using videos recorded via the SimCapture application. Undergraduates were trained in basic neonatal resuscitation and were evaluated at the end for skill acquisition by PET as a part of a randomized control trial (RCT). Video recording of the PET assessment was done with the SimCapture app. Independent assessors evaluated recorded videos to evaluate and validate real-time instructor performance evaluation time assessments. We conducted an agreement study to evaluate the difference between a real-time instructor and video assessments. We trained 143 students; 139 videos were evaluated. The Bland–Altman plot showed good agreement. For the post-test result, 66 (47.5%) passed, and 73 (52.5%) failed according to the real-time assessment, while 61 (43.8%) passed and 78 (56.1%) failed according to the video assessment. The agreement between the two assessments was 94.9%, with a kappa value of 0.898. Indicating the need for positive pressure ventilation (PPV), 138 (99.3%) did correctly in real-time assessment, while 133 (95.6%) did correctly in video assessment with agreement of 96.4% but low kappa of 0.27. We conclude that the instructors’ assessment was excellent and didn’t differ from assessments obtained from recorded videos and vice-versa.
Evaluating the impact of two next generation long-lasting insecticidal nets on malaria incidence in Uganda: an interrupted time series analysis using routine health facility data
Authors: Epstein Adrienne , Gonahasa Samuel , Namuganga Jane Frances , Nassali Martha , Maiteki-Sebuguzi Catherine , Nabende Isaiah , Snyman Katherine , Nankabirwa Joaniter I , Opigo Jimmy , Donnelly Martin J , Staedke Sarah G , Kamya Moses R , Dorsey Grant 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionMalaria remains a significant public health challenge globally, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where progress has stalled in recent years. Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) are a critical preventive tool against malaria. This study investigated the effectiveness of newer-generation LLINs following a universal coverage campaign in Uganda.MethodsHealth facility data collected 36 months prior to LLIN distribution and 24 months after LLIN distribution were utilized from 64 sites that took part in a cluster randomized trial comparing two newer-generation LLINs (pyrethroid-PBO and pyrethroid-pyriproxyfen). Using an interrupted time series approach, we compared observed malaria incidence with counterfactual scenarios if no LLINs were distributed adjusting for precipitation, vegetation, seasonality, and care-seeking behavior. Analyses were also stratified by LLIN type and study-site level estimates of transmission intensity.ResultsOverall, malaria incidence decreased from 827 cases per 1,000 person-years in the pre-distribution period to 538 per 1,000 person-years in the post-distribution period. Interrupted time series analyses estimated a 23% reduction in malaria incidence (IRR = 0.77, 95% CI 0.65-0.91) in the first 12 months following distribution relative to what would be expected had no distribution occurred, which was not sustained in the 13-24 month post-distribution period (IRR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.75-1.28). Findings were similar when stratified by LLIN type. In the first 12 months following distribution, LLIN effectiveness was greater in the high transmission sites (IRR = 0.67, 95% CI 0.54-0.86) compared to the medium (IRR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.59-0.92) and low transmission sites (IRR = 0.87, 95% CI 0.56-1.32).ConclusionThis study demonstrated a modest reduction in malaria incidence following the distribution of newer-generation LLINs that was sustained for only 12 months, highlighting the need for improved strategies to maintain net effectiveness. Adjusting the frequency of universal coverage campaigns based on local malaria transmission intensity may enhance control efforts.
Probing the limits of cis-acting gene regulation using a model of allelic imbalance quantitative trait loci
Authors: Seoighe Cathal , Connaire Seán , Chopra Mehak 
Published: October 2024

AbstractImbalance in gene expression between alleles is a hallmark ofcis-acting expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and several methods have been developed to exploit allelic imbalance to support the identification of eQTLs. Allelic imbalance is also of scientific and, potentially, clinical interest as it can erode the degree to which the effects of deleterious variants are buffered in a diploid organism and has been reported to be associated with the penetrance of pathological genomic variants. Here, we develop and apply a statistical model that is designed to evaluate whether the genotype of a locus is associated with the degree of allelic imbalance of a gene and refer to such loci as allelic imbalance quantitative trait loci (aiQTLs). An advantage of our approach is that it does not depend on link-age disequilibrium between the aiQTL and the associated gene and is, therefore, suited to the identification of eQTLs that act incisover very large distances. We applied our model to data from the GTEx consortium and examined the relationship between the distance of an eQTL from the TSS of the associated gene and the evidence that the eQTL acts incis. Previous studies have used a distance of 1Mb from the target gene as an indication that an eQTL acts incis; however, our results suggest that the majority of eQTLs at distances more than 500 kb from the TSS of the target gene are likely to act intrans(and thus to affect both gene copies). The model used here is also well suited to comparing the overall extent of allelic imbalance between samples. We show that in some tissues allelic imbalance is correlated with age; however, this correlation may be due to changes in the abundance of immune cell populations with age, as we found strong correlations between sample-level allelic imbalance and the inferred abundance of multiple immune cell types across whole blood samples.