bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and vomiting induced by gastrointestinal cancer chemotherapy
Authors: Yao Yiwei , Ji Chushu , He Yifu , Pan Yueyin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundNausea and vomiting are the most common adverse reactions to chemotherapy.AimTo discuss the relationship between Helicobacter pylori and chemotherapy‐induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).MethodsA total of 112 patients with malignant tumours of the gastrointestinal tract was selected. Based on the 14C‐urea breath test results, the patients were divided into H. pylori‐positive (n = 59) and H. pylori‐negative (n = 53) groups. Both groups received prophylactic antiemetic treatment during chemotherapy. The incidence of nausea and vomiting and their effects on the patients’ life functions was recorded using the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (MASCC) Antiemetic Tool (MAT) and the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE) from 0–120 h after chemotherapy. Records of the H. pylori‐positive and H. pylori‐negative groups were compared.ResultsThe rates of nausea and vomiting remission were higher in the
H. pylori
‐negative group than in the
H. pylori
‐positive group. The proportions of no effect in daily life (NIDL) patients in the nausea and vomiting section were 73.4 and 75.5% in the
H. pylori
‐negative group respectively. There was a higher proportion of NIDL patients in the
H. pylori
‐negative group than in the
H. pylori
‐positive group (P < 0.001, P = 0.046). A multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed, and the results showed that
H. pylori
infection was a factor affecting the nausea scores on the FLIE (odds ratio = 0.757, 95% confidence interval 0.597–0.960, P = 0.021).Conclusion

H. pylori
infection in patients with cancer may be a factor that increases CINV.
Combination therapy of leflunomide and glucocorticoids for the maintenance of remission in patients with IgG4‐related disease: a retrospective study and literature review
Authors: Wang Yiwen , Li Kunpeng , Gao Dai , Luo Gui , Zhao Yurong , Wang Xiuru , Zhang Jie , Jin Jingyu , Zhao Zheng , Yang Chunhua , Zhu Jian , Zhang Jianglin , Huang Feng 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundAlthough glucocorticoids are effective in IgG4‐related disease (IgG4‐RD), patients may relapse during or after glucocorticoid tapering. Immunosuppressive agents, including leflunomide (LEF), are regarded as steroid‐sparing agents in other autoimmune disorders and need to be discussed in the management of IgG4‐RD.AimTo identify the efficacy and safety of combination therapy of LEF and glucocorticoids in IgG4‐RD.MethodsWe retrospectively summarised data of patients diagnosed with IgG4‐RD between November 2012 and November 2015. Only patients treated with LEF plus glucocorticoids and had been followed up for more than three visits and 6 months were analysed with clinical symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings, treatment protocol, LEF‐related adverse events and disease activity reflected by IgG4‐RD Responder Index (IgG4‐RD RI).ResultsA total of 18 patients, including 14 untreated patients and 4 relapsing patients, was included. The mean (SD) onset age was 54.0 (9.6) years. The mean (SD) follow‐up period was 12.1 (7.4) months. All patients had active disease with mean (SD) IgG4‐RD RI of 15.0 (5.6) at baseline and experienced improvements at 1 month. At the last follow up, the mean (SD) IgG4‐RD Responder Index declined to 3.1 (1.7) in all patients and to 2.5 (1.2) in patients without relapse. The mean (SD) dose of GC declined to 6.9 (2.7) mg/day. A total of 12 (66.7%) and 11 (61.1%) patients were in remission at 6 months and the last follow up respectively. Three (16.7%) patients relapsed in clinical course. Two reversible adverse events were observed.ConclusionThe combination therapy of LEF and glucocoticoids is effective and safe in IgG4‐RD.
Development of 3‐D Intramural and Surface Potentials in the LV: Microstructural Basis of Preferential Transmural Conduction
Authors: CALDWELL BRYAN J. , TREW MARK L. , LEGRICE IAN J. , SMAILL BRUCE H. 
Published: March 2017

Orthotropic Intramural Spread of LV Electrical PotentialsIntroductionExtracellular potentials measured on the heart surfaces are used to infer events that originate deep within the heart wall. We have reconstructed intramural potentials in three dimensions for the first time, and compare these with epicardial and endocardial surface potentials and cardiac microstructure.Methods and ResultsExtracellular potentials from intramural point stimulation were measured from a high density 3‐D electrode array in the in vivo pig LV. MR and extended volume imaging were used to register electrode locations and characterize fiber and laminar orientations throughout the recording volume. Measured potentials were compared with predictions of tissue‐specific bidomain computer activation models. Positive potentials recorded in the LV wall preceded the depolarization wavefront as it spread in the fiber direction. Transverse to this, passive and active potentials spread preferentially in the laminar direction (anisotropy ratio ∼1.6:1). Epicardial surface potentials reflect initial intramural propagation at the stimulus location, but endocardial potentials do not, particularly adjacent to papillary muscles. Measured 3‐D potentials were consistently better captured by computer models that incorporate three distinct conductivities aligned with local microstructural axes, but the preferential spread of potentials in the laminar direction was not fully predicted.ConclusionsThis study provides evidence for preferential transmural conduction and raises questions about the extent to which intramural electrical events can be inferred from endocardial potentials.
Surgical glue in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: An initial experience and cost‐effectiveness analysis
Authors: Mercier Gregoire , Loureiro Marcelo , Georgescu Vera , Skalli El Mehdi , Nedelcu Marius , Ramadan Mohamed , Fabre Jean Michel , Lefebvre Patrick , Nocca David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRationale, aims, and objectivesLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is one of the most common bariatric procedures. Gastric leaks and bleeding are the most frequent complications, associated with a high clinical and economic burden. The best method of staple line reinforcement in LSG is debated. Surgical glue is one of the options available. The aim of this study was to assess the safety, efficiency, and relative cost‐effectiveness of surgical glue used to perform LSG in morbid obese adults as compared with standard stapling.MethodsA prospective, observational, and comparative before‐after study was conducted. All consecutive patients undergoing LSG at Montpellier University Hospital in 2011 and 2012 were included and treated according to 2 groups: standard stapling (n = 99, group 1) and surgical glue reinforcement (n = 94, group 2). Clinical and economic outcomes were measured after 6 months.ResultsThe duration of intervention was significantly shorter in group 2 (68 vs 82 minutes, P = .001). There was no significant difference regarding complications, but leaks in group 1 were more severe. Group 2 was also associated with a reduced initial length of stay (4.8 vs 5.2 days, P = .01). Six‐month readmissions and total length of stay were also shorter in group 2 (5.5 vs 6.1 days, P = .003). Surgical glue use was associated with a significant reduction in the initial inpatient cost (€5488 vs €6152, P = .005) and in the 6‐month total inpatient cost, including readmissions (€6006 vs €6754, P = .005). The incremental cost of glue to avoid a severe complication was −€5446.33 (95 confidence interval, −8202.01 to −2690.66).ConclusionsSurgical glue might be a safe and cost‐effective intervention in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.
Methodology for senior‐proof guidelines: A practice example from the Netherlands
Authors: van Munster Barbara C. , Portielje Johanna E.A. , Maier Andrea B. , Arends Arend J. , de Beer Johannes J.A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractRationale, Aims and ObjectivesEvidence‐based guidelines constitute a foundation for medical decision making. It is often unclear whether recommendations in general guidelines also apply to older people. This study aimed to develop a methodology to increase the focus on older people in the development of guidelines.MethodsThe methodology distinguishes 4 groups of older people: (1) relatively healthy older people; (2) older people with 1 additional specific (interfering) comorbid condition; (3) older people with multimorbidity; and (4) vulnerable older people.ResultsThe level of focus on older people required may be determined by the prevalence of the disease or condition, level of suffering, social relevance, and the expectation that a guideline may improve the quality of care.A specialist in geriatric medicine may be involved in the guideline process via participation, provision of feedback on drafts, or involvement in the analysis of problem areas. Regarding the patient perspective, it is advised to involve organisations for older people or informal carers in the inventory of problem areas, and additionally to perform literature research of patient values on the subject. If the guideline focuses on older people, then the relative importance of the various outcome measures for this target group needs to be explicitly stated.Search strategies for all the 4 groups are suggested. For clinical studies that focus on the treatment of diseases that frequently occur in older people, a check should be made regarding whether these studies produce the required evidence. This can be achieved by verifying if there is sufficient representation of older people in the studies and determining if there is a separate reporting of results applying to this age group.
Comparative Analysis of the Proteins with Tandem Repeats from 8 Microsporidia and Characterization of a Novel Endospore Wall Protein Colocalizing with Polar Tube from Nosema bombycis
Authors: Wang Ying , Geng Huixia , Dang Xiaoqun , Xiang Heng , Li Tian , Pan Guoqing , Zhou Zeyang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAs a common feature of eukaryotic proteins, tandem amino acid repeat has been studied extensively in both animal and plant proteins. Here, a comparative analysis focusing on the proteins having tandem repeats was conducted in eight microsporidia, including four mammal‐infecting microsporidia (Encephalitozoon cuniculi, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, Encephalitozoon hellem and Encephalitozoon bieneusi) and four insect‐infecting microsporidia (Nosema apis, Nosema ceranae, Vavraia culicis and Nosema bombycis). We found that the proteins with tandem repeats were abundant in these species. The quantity of these proteins in insect‐infecting microsporidia was larger than that of mammal‐infecting microsporidia. Additionally, the hydrophilic residues were overrepresented in the tandem repeats of these eight microsporidian proteins and the amino acids residues in these tandem repeat sequences tend to be encoded by GC‐rich codons. The tandem repeat position within proteins of insect‐infecting microsporidia was randomly distributed, whereas the tandem repeats within proteins of mammal‐infecting microsporidia rarely tend to be present in the N terminal regions, when compared with those present in the C terminal and middle regions. Finally, a hypothetical protein EOB14572 possessing four tandem repeats was successfully characterized as a novel endospore wall protein, which colocalized with polar tube of N. bombycis. Our study provided useful insight for the study of the proteins with tandem repeats in N. bombycis, but also further enriched the spore wall components of this obligate unicellular eukaryotic parasite.
Antihyperglycaemic activity of the methanol extract from leaves of Eremophila maculata (Scrophulariaceae) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Youssef Fadia S , Ashour Mohamed L , Ebada Sherif S , Sobeh Mansour , El-Beshbishy Hesham A , Singab Abdel Nasser , Wink Michael 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objectives
This study was designed to evaluate the antihyperglycaemic activity of the methanol leaf extract of Eremophila maculata (EMM) both in vitro and in vivo.

Methods
The antihyperglycaemic activity was assessed in vitro using differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes, whereas in-vivo effect was evaluated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Chemical profiling of EMM was done using LC-ESI-MS techniques. Molecular modelling experiments of the identified compounds were performed using C-Docker protocol.

Key findings
Eremophila maculata slightly enhanced cellular glucose uptake and utilization in vitro by 3.92% relative to the untreated control. A stronger in-vivo effect was observed for EMM and its dichloromethane fraction. A pronounced elevation in serum insulin by 88.89 and 66.67%, respectively, accompanied by an apparent decline in fasting blood glucose (FBG) level by 65.60 and 70.37% comparable to streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was observed. This effect was stronger than that of the reference drug glibenclamide (GLB). Chemical profiling of EMM revealed that leucoseptoside A, verbascoside, syringaresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, pinoresinol-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and pinoresinol-4-O-[6″-O-(E)-feruloyl]-β-D-glucopyranoside are the major compounds. Molecular modelling showed that martynoside, verbascoside and phillygenin exhibited the highest inhibition to human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA), maltase glucoamylase (MGAM) and aldose reductase (AR), respectively.

Conclusion
Eremophila maculata offers an interesting relatively safer antihyperglycaemic candidate comparable to synthetic analogues.
Light respiration by subtropical seaweeds
Authors: Carvalho Matheus C. , Eyre Bradley D. 
Published: March 2017

Here, we report the first‐ever measurements of light CO2 respiration rate (CRR) by seaweeds. We measured the influence of temperature (15–25°C) and light (irradiance from 60 to 670 μmol · m−2 · s−1) on the light CCR of two subtropical seaweed species, and measured the CRR of seven different seaweed species under the same light (150 μmol · m−2 · s−1) and temperature (25°C). There was little effect of irradiance on light CRR, but there was an effect of temperature. Across the seven species light CRR was similar to OCR (oxygen consumption rate in the dark), with the exception of a single species. The outlier species was a coralline alga, and the higher light CRR was probably driven by calcification. CRR could be estimated from OCR, as well as carbon photosynthetic rates from oxygen photosynthetic rates, which suggests that previous studies have probably provided good estimations of gross photosynthesis for seaweeds.
Active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 and periodontal bacteria depending on periodontal status in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Kirchner A. , Jäger J. , Krohn‐Grimberghe B. , Patschan S. , Kottmann T. , Schmalz G. , Mausberg R. F. , Haak R. , Ziebolz D. 
Published: March 2017

Background and ObjectivesThe aim of this clinical cross‐sectional study was to determine the level of active matrix metalloproteinase‐8 (aMMP‐8) and periodontal pathogenic bacteria in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with varying periodontal conditions.Material and MethodsIn total, 103 patients with RA and 104 healthy controls (HC) were included. The assessment of periodontal status included periodontal probing depth, bleeding on probing and clinical attachment loss. Periodontal disease was classified as healthy/mild, moderate or severe. For the determination of aMMP‐8 levels using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and periodontal pathogenic bacteria using polymerase chain reaction, samples of gingival crevicular fluid were taken from the deepest gingival pockets. The statistical analyses used included a Mann–Whitney U‐test, a chi‐squared test or a Fisher's exact test, and the significance level was set at α = 5%.ResultsWe found that 65% of patients with RA and 79% of HC had moderate to severe periodontal disease (p = 0.02). The prevalence of periodontal pathogens was almost equal (p > 0.05). Furthermore, depending on periodontal disease severity only minor differences in bacterial prevalence were detected. With increasing severity of periodontal disease, higher aMMP‐8 levels were observed. Accordingly, a significant difference in patients with moderate periodontal disease (RA: 15.3 ± 13.8; HC: 9.1 ± 9.1; p ≤ 0.01) and severe periodontal disease (RA: 21.7 ± 13.3; HC: 13.1 ± 8.6; p = 0.07) was detected, with a greater tendency in the latter group.ConclusionThe increased aMMP‐8 levels in the RA group indicate that the presence of RA appears to have an influence on the host response at a comparable level of bacterial load and periodontal disease severity.
Effect of the early social environment on behavioural and genomic responses to a social challenge in a cooperatively breeding vertebrate
Authors: Nyman Cecilia , Fischer Stefan , Aubin‐Horth Nadia , Taborsky Barbara 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe early social environment can have substantial, lifelong effects on vertebrate social behaviour, which can be mediated by developmental plasticity of brain gene expression. Early‐life effects can influence immediate behavioural responses towards later‐life social challenges and can activate different gene expression responses. However, while genomic responses to social challenges have been reported frequently, how developmental experience influences the shape of these genomic reaction norms remains largely unexplored. We tested how manipulating the early social environment of juvenile cooperatively breeding cichlids, Neolamprologus pulcher, affects their behavioural and brain genomic responses when competing over a resource. Juveniles were reared either with or without a breeder pair and a helper. Fish reared with family members behaved more appropriately in the competition than when reared without. We investigated whether the different social rearing environments also affected the genomic responses to the social challenge. A set of candidate genes, coding for hormones and receptors influencing social behaviour, were measured in the telencephalon and hypothalamus. Social environment and social challenge both influenced gene expression of egr‐1 (early growth response 1) and gr1 (glucocorticoid receptor 1) in the telencephalon and of bdnf (brain‐derived neurotrophic factor) in the hypothalamus. A global analysis of the 11 expression patterns in the two brain areas showed that neurogenomic states diverged more strongly between intruder fish and control fish when they had been reared in a natural social setting. Our results show that same molecular pathways may be used differently in response to a social challenge depending on early‐life experiences.
Xanthothecium peruvianum isolated from human stratum corneum: A case report, characterisation and short review that suggest emendation of Arachnomyces peruvianus
Authors: Brasch Jochen , Beck‐Jendroscheck Vera , Voss Karin , Yurkov Andrey , Stchigel Alberto Miguel , Gräser Yvonne 
Published: March 2017

SummaryFrom stratum corneum samples of a palmar eczema, a fungus was isolated that developed white colonies with a yellowish dark reverse, suggestive of dermatophytes. The isolate produced numerous chlamydospores and sparse aleuroconidia, was resistant to cycloheximide, grew well on human stratum corneum samples and was positive in tests for urease production and hair perforation, but no dermatophyte could be identified. After several weeks, cleistothecia with delicate asci and disc‐shaped ascospores were formed, suggesting Arachnomyces spp. The analyses of the ribosomal ITS and LSU (D1/D2 domains) nucleotide sequences proved a good match with the ex‐type strain of Xanthothecium peruvianum (family Onygenaceae, order Onygenales), and LSU sequence showed 99% similarity with Arachnomyces glareosus. This is the first report of X. peruvianum isolated from human skin. The description of our isolate provides new information about this species and proposes its transfer to the genus Arachnomyces with the subsequent emendation of the description of Arachnomyces peruvianus. Morphologically and physiologically it mimics dermatophytes and other species of the genus Arachnomyces. Although the clinical situation did not suggest any relevance for A. peruvianus as a primary pathogen, this fungus may act as a secondary pathogen under suitable conditions due to its keratinolytic capacity.
Evaluation of 30 cases of mucormycosis at a university hospital in Iran
Authors: Samarei Reza , Gharebaghi Naser , Zayer Salar 
Published: March 2017

SummaryMucormycosis is a deadly invasive fungal infection and mainly affects immunocompromised patients. To investigate the clinical features of patients who developed mucormycosis and to determine the parameters, which influenced the outcome following mycotic infection. The current investigation retrospectively evaluated the demographic characteristics, clinical features, therapeutic data, as well as the outcomes of treatment in all cases of proven and probable mucormycosis diagnosed from 2002 until 2016 in our hospital. A total of thirty cases were recorded. Rhizopus spp. was the predominant pathogen among the identified Mucorales (26.7%). Diabetes mellitus (46.7%) and haematological malignancy (40%), were the most common underlying diseases. With regard to predisposing factors, neutropenia (43.3%) and chemotherapy (40%) were the leading concomitant parameters. The most frequent sites of infection were lung (30%) and sinus (26.7%), whereas disseminated infection was also found in nine of 30 patients (30%). Neutropenia remained the only independent factor associated with mortality (Relative Risk=3.557, 95% CI=1.365‐9.271, P=.009). Diagnostic delay ‐either due to delayed presentation of patients to our centre or insufficient awareness about invasive fungal infection among our clinicians‐ is a likely explanation for such a high mortality rate in our series.
Anaphylactic reaction to tranexamic acid in an adolescent undergoing posterior spinal fusion
Authors: Chiem Jennifer , Ivanova Iskra , Parker Andrew , Krengel Walter , Jimenez Nathalia 
Published: March 2017

SummaryTranexamic acid is an anti‐fibrinolytic agent frequently used in pediatric surgery. Common side effects include nausea, flushing, and headache, but in rare instances, it may produce anaphylaxis; with only one previously reported case in a 72‐year‐old man. We report a case of a delayed anaphylactic reaction in a pediatric patient undergoing posterior spine fusion; and discuss the intraoperative management of the acute event, immunologic confirmation, and subsequent anesthetic approach.