bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium Models for two Samples of OH/IR Stars
Authors: Hekkert P. te Lintel , Dejonghe H. , Habing H. J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present a progress report on the dynamical analysis of the IRAS sample of OH/IR stars. This sample is complete within a distance of 8 kpc. We distinguish two groups of OH/IR stars, one with high and the other with low expansion velocity of the circumstellar shell.Using a quadratic programming method we fit a database of Galactic orbits to the observed distribution of radial velocities, longitudes and latitudes. The dynamical model yields a distribution function, based on two integrals of motion, for each group. Integration gives the density, the mean velocity and the velocity dispersions as function of R and z. The distribution functions for the two groups differ enough to suggest that they represent two different stellar populations.We estimate the stellar lifetime for each group by comparing the velocity dispersions and z scale-heights at the solar radius with those found for local stellar populations. We conclude that the group with the low expansion velocity is likely to be part of the thick disc, while the high expansion velocity group has dynamical characteristics resembling an old disc population; this in contrast with the findings for differently selected samples of OH/IR stars (e.g., Baud et al. 1981a; 1981b), which were found to be less than 1 Gyr old.
Dynamical Evolution of Globular Clusters with Mass Spectrum
Authors: Lee Hyung Mok 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present a series of numerical models describing the dynamical evolution of globular clusters with a mass spectrum, based on integration of the Fokker-Planck equation. We include three-body binary heating and a steady galactic tidal field. A wide range of initial mass functions is adopted and the evolution of the mass function is examined. The mass function begins to change appreciably during the post-collapse expansion phase due to the selective evaporation of low mass stars through the tidal boundary. One signature of highly evolved clusters is thus the significant flattening of the mass function. The age (in units of the half-mass relaxation time) increases very rapidly beyond about 100 signifying the final stage of cluster disruption. This appears to be consistent with the sharp cut-off of half-mass relaxation times at near 108 years for the Galactic globular clusters.
Powerful Radio Sources in Clusters of Galaxies
Authors: Unewisse A. M. , Hunstead R. W. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractUsing a complete sample, we have looked for correlations in position between radio sources with S408 ≥ 1 Jy in the Molonglo Reference Catalogue (MRC) and rich clusters of galaxies in the Abell, Corwin and Olowin catalogue (ACO). Within a projected radius of 100 kpc of the cluster centre, we find an overdensity of radio sources similar to that seen by Robertson and Roach (1990). They attributed this feature to centrally located dominant cluster galaxies. We confirm this hypothesis by looking at the morphology of the clusters within this peak and by optically identifying galaxies associated with the radio emission. Due to the relatively high flux density limit imposed, the cluster radio sources in this sample are among the most powerful in the southern sky. The probability of a cluster containing a radio source of this power is found not to depend on cluster richness.
A Wide and Deep Survey of Emission-line Stars in the Orion Region
Authors: Wiramihardja Suhardja D. , Kogure Tomokazu , Yoshida Shigeomi , Nakano Makoto , Ogura Katsuo , Iwata Takahiro 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe have carried out an extensive survey of Hα emission stars in the Orion region over an area of about 100 deg2. We present the results for the areas A-0975 and A-0976 of about 25 deg2 each.
Cepheid Measures at Auckland Observatory
Authors: Walker W. S. G. , Herdman G. C. D. , Marino B. F. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObservations of five cepheids in Crux are described and annual epochs of maxima presented. The O–C diagram of S Crucis shows changes between two alternative periods. The observing method appears suited to sites with only a limited number of hours available.
Bow Shocks in Globular Clusters?
Authors: Faulkner D. J. , Smith Graeme H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIt has been suggested that diffuse X-ray sources observed in globular clusters may arise in bow shocks formed by the interaction of intracluster gas with a tenuous halo medium. This paper presents a study both of the cluster space motions and of the energetics of any possible bow shocks which would seem to rule out this hypothesis.
A Peltier-cooled CCD Camera
Authors: Carter B. D. , Ashley M. C. B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe describe the application of Peltier effect cooling to charge coupled device (CCD) detectors. We are developing this technique to produce a CCD camera which requires low maintenance, yet has sufficiently small dark-current for long exposure imaging. This camera will be used in an automated imaging telescope at Siding Spring Observatory. The design principles used to maximise cooling of the detector, and hence minimise dark-current, are discussed. A small dark-current can be obtained only if great care is taken to reduce or eliminate convective, conductive and radiative heating of the chip. In addition, a path of high thermal conductivity must be provided for the heat removed from the CCD. A recent laboratory test of our cooling system demonstrates that careful design can lead to sufficiently low CCD dark-current for many astronomical applications.
High-resolution Imaging by Optical Aperture Synthesis: First Results from the MAPPIT Project
Authors: Robertson J. G. , Bedding T. R. , Marson R. G. , Gillingham P. R. , Frater R. H. , O’Sullivan J. D. , Norris R. P. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe have successfully demonstrated optical aperture synthesis at the 4-m Anglo-Australian Telescope. By using a multi-hole mask over the (re-imaged) primary mirror and recording the resulting fringe patterns with high time resolution, diffraction-limited images of sufficiently bright objects can be reconstructed. The data processing uses closure phases to overcome the effects of atmospheric turbulence. We show an image of the double star η Oph, with component separation 0″.45.
Tertiary Astronomy Programs in New Zealand
Authors: Cottrell P. L. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractA number of New Zealand universities offer astronomy courses at different undergraduate levels. The courses are taught in Physics or Mathematics Departments. Some are only sub-courses within a physics major rather than a dedicated astronomy course. I will detail these and show material relating to the course content and some of the texts used. Postgraduate programs in astronomy are also offered, principally at the University of Canterbury but also at the University of Auckland and Victoria University of Wellington.
Problems with Teaching Astronomy in Japan
Authors: Miyawaki R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractBy 1989 a new curriculum in Japanese elementary and secondary schools had been devised and started. I will report on the contents of the new curriculum and point out some problems in teaching astronomy in Japan identified from the results of recent research in science education. Recent research shows that it is important to know how children’s ideas and misconceptions are constructed and what role the philosophy of science may play in shaping them.
Venus Unveiled: The Magellan Images
Authors: Zealey W.J. , Melville G. , Kreig M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe availability of Magellan radar images of Venus on CDROM allows small research groups to engage in planetary physics projects using simple image processing systems. The material lends itself to short projects for high school students or Masters students.Our initial investigations using the Magellan data have evolved into a Masters project which concentrates on the morphology of small scale structures which have terrestrial counterparts. These include studies of volcanic cone fields, lava tubes and other collapse features, and impact features.
The Ground-level Enhancements of 1989 September 29 and October 22
Authors: Duldig M.L. , Cramp J.L. , Humble J.E. , Bieber J.W. , Evenson P. , Fenton K.B. , Fenton A.G. , Bendoricchio M.B.M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract During the solar maximum of 1989–91 an unprecedented sequence of 13 cosmic ray ground-level enhancements (GLEs) was observed by the world-wide neutron monitor network. Of particular interest were two GLEs observed by the Australian network. The 1989 September 29 event was the largest GLE in the space era while the October 22 GLE included an highly anisotropic precursor peak.Analysis of both these GLEs, taking into account disturbed geomagnetic conditions, shows that the particle arrivals at the earth were unusual. The September 29 GLE had significant particle propagation in the reverse direction and as the particle flux decreased following the peak the spectrum also softened. In contrast, the 1989 October 22 precursor exhibited extreme anisotropy while the particles involved in the main GLE showed a complex temporal structure possibly indicating multiple particle injection at the solar acceleration region.
Diffusive Shock Acceleration by Multiple Shocks
Authors: Melrose D.B. , Pope M.H. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractDiffusive shock acceleration produces a power law momentum distribution f(p)α p−b, with b ≥ 4 for a single shock, and b = 4 for a single strong shock. It has been shown that the distribution for acceleration at a sequence of identical shocks is flatter, approaching f(p)α p−3 below a high energy knee, for an arbitrarily large number of shocks. We show how this flatter distribution arises and discuss the range of momenta over which it extends after a finite number of shocks.
Two Alternative Mechanisms for Very Bright Radio Emission from Flare Stars
Authors: Melrose D.B. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe bright radio emission from flare stars has three characteristic properties: high brightness temperature, high degree of circular polarisation and rapid temporal variations. Two proposed emission mechanisms, electron cyclotron maser emission (ECME) and plasma emission, are compared and contrasted. It is argued that although the important features of the emission can be explained in terms of either ECME or plasma emission, all three favor ECME. However, the escapes of the radiation through the second harmonic absorption layer remains inadequately understood, and as a consequence doubts about the ECME interpretation remain.
Magnetised Wave Collapse in Solar System Plasmas
Authors: Melatos Andrew , Robinson Peter 
Published: July 2016

AbstractClumpy, intense wave packets observed in situ in the Jovian and terrestrial electron foreshocks, and in the Earth’s auroral acceleration zone, point to the existence of non-linear plasma turbulence in these regions. In non-linear turbulence, wave packets collapse to short scales and high fields, stopping only when coherent wave-particle interactions efficiently dissipate the energy in the waves. The purpose of this paper is to examine the shortest scales and highest fields achieved during collapse in a strongly magnetised plasma, and identify parts of the solar system where the magnetised aspects of wave collapse are important.
A Survey of 526 Southern Flat-spectrum Radio Sources with the Parkes—Tidbinbilla Interferometer
Authors: Duncan R.A. , White G.L. , Wark R. , Reynolds J.E. , Jauncey D.L. , Norris R.P. , Taaffe L. , Savage A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe have measured the 2.3 GHz total and correlated flux densities on a baseline of 275 km of all sources in the Parkes catalogue which
(i)are south of declination +10°,(ii)have a catalogued 2.7 GHz total flux density exceeding 0.5 Jy, and(iii)have a 2.7/5.0 GHz spectral index flatter than −0.5.More than 14% of the sample showed visibility amplitudes greater than 0.9, and more than 72% showed visibility amplitudes greater than 0.5. Of the sources with optical or other identifications 79% were quasars. In this paper we briefly summarise the results of this survey.
The Shape of the Homunculus Nebula around η Carinae
Authors: Allen D.A. , Hillier D.J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractFrom extensive spectroscopic observations we derive the three-dimensional structure of the Homunculus Nebula surrounding η Carinae. The analysis shows that the two lobes are hollow and incomplete, and that the gas was ejected at similar epoch. Consequently the distribution of material we see reflects its initial velocity. Using the observed expansion velocity, and the known time of ejection, we derive a distance to η Car of 2.2 ± 0.2 kpc.
A Deep Survey of Infrared Sources in the Field of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Russell S. C. , Hyland A. R. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractWe present a survey at J (1.25μm) and K (2.2μm) of 36 arcmin2 in the Bar and Inner Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud. The (J-K) colour – bolometric magnitude diagram is constructed and compared with theory. For the first time a sparsely populated region of the diagram separating proposed carbon stars from oxygen rich stars has been identified. In addition large numbers of red sources have been found apparently fainter than the accepted limit for carbon star formation. These include extremely red sources which are good candidates for OH/IR sources and extreme carbon stars.
Angular Diameters of Magellanic Cloud Planetary Nebulae Obtained using Speckle Interferometry
Authors: Wood P. R. , Bessell M. S. , Dopita M. A. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractAngular diameters of Magellanic Cloud planetary nebulae obtained using speckle interferometry on the AAT are presented. The mass of ionized gas in each nebula is derived from the angular diameter and published Hβ line fluxes; the derived masses range from 0.005M⊙ to 0.19M⊙, with a mean value of 0.08M⊙. All the planetary nebulae observed are relatively small (diameter ≲0.13pc), young (age ≲ 2500 years), bright and dense. They are therefore almost certainly only partially ionized, so that the masses derived for the ionized parts of the nebula are lower limits to the total nebula mass.
The Magellanic System
Authors: Mathewson D. S. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis review concentrates on observations of neutral hydrogen in the Magellanic System, and what they reveal about the structure, dynamics, evolution and ultimate fate of the LMC and SMC. Some recent observations of 161 Cepheid variables in the SMC are used together with the HI observations to determine the geometry of the SMC. These show that it has an amazing depth of at least 30 kpc. To explain the results it is proposed that the SMC had a close encounter with the LMC which has warped the disk of the LMC, produced the bridge between the two galaxies and tidally fissioned the SMC. The SMC is in the process of irreversible disintegration. It is believed that the Magellanic Clouds are not bound to our Galaxy and approached us from the direction of Andromeda. They may have had a close encounter with Andromeda 3 x 109 years ago, which may explain the massive starburst which occurred in the LMC and SMC at that time. It is believed that the Magellanic Stream has been swept out of the inter-Cloud region by the ram pressure of the gaseous halo of our Galaxy. If dynamic friction is sufficient for the Clouds to be captured and to eventually collide with our Galaxy, a polar ring will be formed similar to that observed in some other galaxies. The polar ring of dwarf spheroidals and outlying globular clusters at present encircling our Galaxy may be the remnants of a previous collision with some other galaxy 6 x 109 years ago.
Radio Emission from Starspots on RSCVn Binary HR1099
Authors: Bunton John D. , Stewart R. T. , Slee O. B. , Nelson G. J. , Wright Alan E. , Corbin Julian B. , Brown David R. , Hall P. J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractProperties of the microwave emission from HR1099 are examined in an attempt to determine whether the emission arises as gyro-synchrotron radiation from mildly relativistic electrons trapped in magnetic fields above starspots on the active K subgiant component. It is shown that radio curves do not exhibit a systematic variation in phase with the rotation rate, as one might expect for emission from a source situated above a long-lived starspot. However, there is some evidence that the radio flaring occurs at two preferred longitude zones. Whether these zones agree with starspot locations remains to be determined by light curve modelling. What we can say with confidence is that the measured spectral index of the microwave emission does not fit a simple gyro-synchrotron source model, such as that proposed to explain the observed reversal with frequency of the sense of circular polarization.
Very High Energy Gamma Ray Astronomy at White Cliffs Solar Power Station
Authors: Clay R. W. , Elton S. D. , Gregory A. G. , Patterson J. R. , Protheroe R. J. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThree mirrors of the White Cliffs Solar Power Station are currently being used for very high energy γ-ray Astronomy while the University of Adelaide very high energy γ-ray telescope is being designed. Use is made of fast-timing to obtain γ-ray arrival directions to an accuracy approaching 1 °. The experimental arrangement and operation of the telescope is described and our current observing program is outlined.
Palliative care for terminally ill patients in the intensive care unit: Systematic review and metaanalysis
Authors: Martins Belmira D.C.P.C.C. , Oliveira Reinaldo A. , Cataneo Antonio J.M. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractObjective:The purpose of our systematic review was to determine whether the introduction of palliative care (PC) teams reduces length of stay and/or mortality for terminally ill patients (TIPs) in an intensive care unit (ICU).Method:We hoped to examine studies that compared TIPs in an ICU who received end-of-life care following implementation of a PC team (intervention group) to those who received care where PC teams had not yet been introduced (control group). We searched MEDLINE via PubMed, LILACS, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL (search conducted in December of 2015) without language restrictions. Our outcome measures were length of stay in an ICU, presented as an average difference with a corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI95%), and mortality in the ICU, presented as a risk ratio with a correspondingCI95%. Two of our authors independently extracted all of the data.Results:Of the 399 publications identified, 27 were selected for full-text analysis and 19 were excluded, leaving 8 articles for inclusion, which involved a total of 7,846 patients. A metaanalysis of mortality in the ICU was conducted with four studies. Lower mortality was found in the intervention group: risk ratio = 0.78 (CI95%= 0.70–0.87),p< 0.00001,I2= 18%. Length of stay in the ICU was presented as a mean and standard deviation in four studies, and the result was a reduction of ~2.5 days in the length of stay with application of the intervention: mean = –2.44 days (CI95%= –4.41 to –0.48),p= 0.01,I2= 86%.Significance of results:Introduction of palliative care teams can reduce mortality rates in the ICU, and perhaps shorten length of stay in the ICU for terminally ill patients.
THE NEOCLASSICAL CLUB: IRVING FISHER AND THE PROGRESSIVE ORIGINS OF NEOLIBERALISM
Authors: Cook Eli 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIn examining the mathematical models, theories of value, and price statistics wielded by leading economist and social reformer Irving Fisher, this article explores the overlooked impact that Neoclassical Economics had on Progressive Era reform and thought. By offering a neoclassical theory of marginal utility that claimed that market prices reflected subjective value, Fisher formalized, legitimized, and popularized the use of price statistics in progressive political discourse, teaching the American people that if they wanted to argue over the nature of progress or the worthiness of a certain reform, they would have to price it first. The article argues that such a “pricing of progressivism” served as an important foundational precursor to the rise of neoliberal thought in the 1980s. In light of such a significant intellectual legacy, it seems imperative that intellectual historians of the Progressive Era turn their attention away from the usual suspects of this period, such as Pragmatists William James and John Dewey, and shift their analytical focus away from the “Metaphysical Club” and toward a neoclassical one.
Pest damage on Jatropha curcas (Euphorbiaceae): the effect of seedling irrigation in Sahelian Niger
Authors: Thunes Karl H. , Ratnadass Alain , Nikiema Albert , Claude Zaratou 
Published: July 2016

AbstractHerbivory by insects and mites on physic nut (Jatropha curcasL.) seedlings was investigated and compared with irrigation in the semi-arid Sahelian Niger, utilizing a randomized complete block design experiment. Three water treatment protocols were applied and the types of damage were recorded. Less than 5% of the seedlings died during the 10-month trial period with sap suckers causing the most damage on the surviving plants. Plants with high production of biomass and leaf cover (foliage) were most strongly positively correlated with irrigation and were also the plants that endured the highest degree of herbivory. The low dieback may indicate that defence mechanisms counteract seedling herbivory and that drought-stressed plants invest more in their defence mechanism system than vital plants.
Legal Impediments to the Collateralization of Intellectual Property in the Malaysian Dual Banking System
Authors: Azmi Ida Madieha , Ali Engku Rabiah Adawiyah Engku 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper examines the legal impediments facing the acceptability of intellectual property as collateral in Malaysia. As Malaysia practises a dual banking system, conventional and Islamic, both running parallel to each other, the position of intellectual property under the Islamic banking system will also be analysed. This, in turn, requires a deeper elaboration of principles relating to collateral security or rahn in Shari'ah law. The paper also proceeds to explore the suitability, acceptability and practical risks of allowing intellectual property as a form of security in comparison to “physical assets”.
The Transformation of Land Law in Indonesia: The Persistence of Pluralism
Authors: Daryono  
Published: July 2016

AbstractTransforming a pluralistic tenure system into unified statutory rights has been a major objective of the development of property law in many developing countries. Many law and development scholars have assumed that unified land rights are a pre-condition to development and that a pluralistic tenure land system is a major source of uncertainty and insecurity. This article challenges this commonly held assumption by way of a case study of Indonesia's effort to unify the laws governing land. The author demonstrates that the unification of land law in Indonesia has not resulted in certainty and security of tenure. Instead, this process has been adversely affected by an imprecise private law system, and an inadequate administrative/public law system which has created even more forms of pluralism. The resultant effect of this process is the creation of multiple legal orders governing the current land affairs in Indonesia, such as a formal system, a customary system and a “semi-formal” system.