bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rapid prediction of stem cell mobilization using volume and conductivity data from automated hematology analyzers
Authors: Villa Carlos H. , Porturas Thomas , Sell Mary , Wall Mark , DeLeo Gene , Fetters Jenna , Mignono Sam , Irwin Leah , Hwang Wei‐Ting , O'Doherty Una 
Published: December 2017

BACKGROUNDRapid analytics to predict circulating hematopoietic stem cells are valuable for optimal management of mobilization, particularly for the use of newer and costly mobilization agents such as plerixafor.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSWe used stepwise, linear multiple regression modeling applied to cell population data collected by routine hematology analyzers (Beckman Coulter DxH 800) on patients undergoing autologous stem cell collection (n = 131). Beta coefficients were used to derive a formula for a stem cell index (SCI). We then tested the correlation of SCI with stem cell counts and performance of the SCI as a predictor of poor mobilization with external validation in a separate cohort (n = 183).RESULTSThe SCI correlated strongly with CD34 counts by flow cytometry (r = 0.8372 in the development cohort, r = 0.8332 in the external validation cohort) and compares favorably with other rapid stem cell enumerating technologies. In the external validation cohort, the SCI performed well as a predictor (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve, 0.9336) of poor mobilization (CD34 count < 10), with a sensitivity of 72% and a specificity of 93%. When prevalence of poor mobilization was 33%, this resulted in a positive predictive value of 83% and a negative predictive value of 87%. The SCI also showed promise in tracking responses to plerixafor administration.CONCLUSIONThe findings demonstrate the utility of the cell population data collected by hematology analyzers to provide rapid data beyond standard complete blood counts, particularly for stem cell count prediction, requiring no additional reagents, specimen, or instrumentation.
El uso de la estadística en la ejecución de trabajos de auditoría financiera*
Authors: Gómez Meneses Fabio Enrique 
Published: December 2017

<p> Cuando se realizan auditorías en las organizaciones empresariales es probable que se manejen altos volúmenes de información financiera y contable, lo cual genera la necesidad de utilizar ciertas técnicas estadísticas y econométricas que faciliten la recolección y análisis de los datos, para obtener evidencia suficiente que dé seguridad razonable<br /> respecto a que la información analizada refleja la realidad económica de una determinada compañía. Teniendo en cuenta lo anterior, en el presente documento se profundizará de manera teórica y práctica en el uso de la estadística en la ejecución de trabajos de auditoría financiera, como herramienta de gran significatividad para que los trabajos de este<br /> tipo tengan la mayor calidad posible. Para ello, el documento se estructura en tres partes, la introducción y marco teórico, el diseño metodológico y los ejemplos descriptivos y, finalmente, las conclusiones, las cuales están enfocadas en la contribución de este documento a la mejora de los procesos de formación de los contadores públicos en lo que se refiere al<br /> desempeño profesional en un trabajo de auditoría financiera.</p>
Medición de las condiciones habitacionales: una propuesta metodológica para analizar desigualdades inter e intraterritorios urbanos
Authors: Di Pasquale Eugenio Actis 
Published: December 2017

<p>La medición de las condiciones habitacionales de un territorio resulta de especial interés para la implementación de políticas públicas. Los métodos tradicionales se concentran en la medición de los déficits y dejan de lado aquella parte de la población que se encuentra cerca del umbral. Con base en propuestas específicas, estándares de organismos internacionales, legislación nacional y la importante participación de especialistas, en este estudio se genera una metodología cuantitativa, que evita esa pérdida de información al incluir a toda la población de un territorio, asignándole un puntaje a cada persona de acuerdo a las características del hogar que habita. Para validar la propuesta, se presenta una aplicación con datos de Argentina, donde se constata su versatilidad, dado que permite detectar problemáticas particulares en cada dimensión, y también consigue analizar el nivel promedio, la distribución intra e interterritorios y la pérdida de bienestar por desigualdad.</p>
La polisemia de lo común en el espacio público urbano
Authors: García-Doménech Sergio 
Published: December 2017

<p>El concepto de lo común puede presentar varios significados en contextos culturales diversos, constituyendo un claro ejemplo de polisemia, en particular en lengua española. La aplicación del término resulta de especial complejidad en el campo de la arquitectura y del fenómeno urbano. En poco lugar se percibe más lo común y su polisemia, que sobre el espacio público urbano. Este trabajo intenta poner en evidencia esa polisemia por medio de una doble reflexión: desde lo social y desde lo arquitectónico. El resultado es que no debemos interpretar lo común en el espacio público como algo trivial, sino como respuesta formal y efectiva, que la arquitectura y el urbanismo puede proponer para resolver la función social del espacio urbano en aras de su reconocimiento ciudadano.</p>
Habermas y el rol de la religión en la esfera pública: el caso de las intervenciones ciudadanas en la Sentencia C–355-06
Authors: Aguirre-Román Javier , Silva-Rojas Alonso , Pabón-Mantilla Ana Patricia 
Published: December 2017

<p>La distinción entre esfera pública informal y esfera institucional es clave en la propuesta de Jürgen Habermas acerca del rol de la religión en la esfera pública. Este texto se pregunta por el carácter informal o institucional de las intervenciones ciudadanas y conceptos técnicos que se presentan en las acciones públicas de inconstitucionalidad. Para ello, se analiza la sentencia C-355-06, centrándose en aquellas intervenciones y conceptos con contenido religioso. El análisis permite concluir que es necesario que el ámbito de las intervenciones se considere como un<br />espacio mixto, pues la teoría democrática de Habermas requiere que la deliberación sea amplia e incluyente.</p>
Estado constitucional y gobernanza: bases para una apertura democrática de las políticas públicas en México
Authors: Ordóñez-Sedeño Joaquín , González Isaac De Paz 
Published: December 2017

<p>Se da por hecho que un Estado es “constitucional”, porque tiene un cuerpo normativo que establece la estructura de gobierno, que reconoce como objetivo primordial los derechos humanos y que expresa mecanismos de control del poder a favor del pueblo. Sin embargo, sin un entramado democrático, las normas no garantizan que sus fines se cumplan. México ha tenido diversas reformas constitucionales que no han logrado cumplir su cometido. En este contexto, el trabajo alude que la crisis institucional, económica y de derechos humanos en México no se solucionará con reformas, sino mediante una reorientación de los actores implicados en los sectores políticos, administrativos y de administración de justicia. Asimismo, como aporte, el artículo propone nuevas líneas de acción para mejorar la gobernanza con bases y objetivos participativos; que hagan realidad las disposiciones jurídicas, económicas y políticas de la Constitución.</p>
Hacia el reconocimiento de la inclusión digital como un derecho fundamental en Colombia
Authors: Chacón-Penagos Ángela María , Ordoñez-Cordoba José Armando , Anichiarico-González Angélica María 
Published: December 2017

<p>Este artículo aborda el reconocimiento de la inclusión digital como derecho fundamental en Colombia, para contribuir al desarrollo de la teoría constitucional sobre reconocimiento de derechos fundamentales en nuestro país. En los últimos años, ha habido una importante actividad de la comunidad nacional e internacional con respecto a la brecha digital como problemática intrínsecamente asociada con los derechos fundamentales, al considerar que la inclusión digital es un motor de desarrollo preponderante para individuos y Estados. En el artículo se realiza una evaluación de la doctrina y los criterios jurisprudenciales acerca de la incorporación de nuevos derechos fundamentales y la protección por medio de la acción de tutela, mediante una revisión documental y hermenéutica jurídica, para explorar algunos argumentos que permiten justificar el reconocimiento de la inclusión digital como derecho fundamental en el ordenamiento jurídico colombiano.</p>
Usages and Practices in Contracts for the International Sale of Goods
Authors: Oviedo Albán Jorge 
Published: December 2017

<p>Uno de los aspectos de mayor relevancia en la Convención sobre compraventa internacional, consiste en poder precisar la forma como la misma prevé la aplicación de otras fuentes con las que se integra. Conforme a lo anterior, es necesario establecer el alcance de cada una de ellas, para de esa manera poder establecer el sistema de fuentes reguladoras de los contratos de compraventa internacional de mercaderías. En tal contexto, este trabajo tiene por objeto estudiar el valor y alcance de los usos y prácticas como fuente reguladora de los contratos de compraventa internacional en el marco de la Convención de Naciones Unidas de 1980. Para su elaboración se ha tenido en cuenta tanto la doctrina como las interpretaciones jurisprudenciales. </p>
Critical research gaps and recommendations to inform research prioritisation for more effective prevention and improved outcomes in colorectal cancer
Authors: Lawler Mark , Alsina Deborah , Adams Richard A , Anderson Annie S , Brown Gina , Fearnhead Nicola S , Fenwick Stephen W , Halloran Stephen P , Hochhauser Daniel , Hull Mark A , Koelzer Viktor H , McNair Angus G K , Monahan Kevin J , Näthke Inke , Norton Christine , Novelli Marco R , Steele Robert J C , Thomas Anne L , Wilde Lisa M , Wilson Richard H , Tomlinson Ian 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveColorectal cancer (CRC) leads to significant morbidity/mortality worldwide. Defining critical research gaps (RG), their prioritisation and resolution, could improve patient outcomes.DesignRG analysis was conducted by a multidisciplinary panel of patients, clinicians and researchers (n=71). Eight working groups (WG) were constituted: discovery science; risk; prevention; early diagnosis and screening; pathology; curative treatment; stage IV disease; and living with and beyond CRC. A series of discussions led to development of draft papers by each WG, which were evaluated by a 20-strong patient panel. A final list of RGs and research recommendations (RR) was endorsed by all participants.ResultsFifteen critical RGs are summarised below:RG1: Lack of realistic models that recapitulate tumour/tumour micro/macroenvironment;RG2: Insufficient evidence on precise contributions of genetic/environmental/lifestyle factors to CRC risk;RG3: Pressing need for prevention trials;RG4: Lack of integration of different prevention approaches;RG5: Lack of optimal strategies for CRC screening;RG6: Lack of effective triage systems for invasive investigations;RG7: Imprecise pathological assessment of CRC;RG8: Lack of qualified personnel in genomics, data sciences and digital pathology;RG9: Inadequate assessment/communication of risk, benefit and uncertainty of treatment choices;RG10: Need for novel technologies/interventions to improve curative outcomes;RG11: Lack of approaches that recognise molecular interplay between metastasising tumours and their microenvironment;RG12: Lack of reliable biomarkers to guide stage IV treatment;RG13: Need to increase understanding of health related quality of life (HRQOL) and promote residual symptom resolution;RG14: Lack of coordination of CRC research/funding;RG15: Lack of effective communication between relevant stakeholders.ConclusionPrioritising research activity and funding could have a significant impact on reducing CRC disease burden over the next 5 years.
Ethical considerations for the design and implementation of child injury prevention interventions: the example of delivering and installing safety equipment into the home
Authors: Scholtes Beatrice , Schröder-Bäck Peter 
Published: December 2017

IntroductionPublic health ethics is a growing field of academic interest but ethical discussion of injury prevention seems to have received limited attention. Interventions that promise to be effective are not necessarily—without explicit justification—‘good’ and ‘right’ interventions in every sense. This paper explores public health ethics in the context of child injury prevention with the objective to initiate interdisciplinary dialogue on the ethics of child safety interventions.MethodA framework of seven public health ethics principles (non-maleficence, health maximisation, beneficence, respect for autonomy, justice, efficiency and proportionality) were applied to an intervention to promote child safety in the home.ResultsPreventing child injury in the home is ethically challenging due to the requirement for the state to intervene in the private sphere. Non-maleficence and beneficence are difficult to judge within this intervention as these are likely to be highly dependent on the nature of intervention delivery, in particular, the quality of communication. Respect for autonomy is challenged by an intervention occurring in the home. The socioeconomic gradient in child injury risk is an important factor but a nuanced approach could help to avoid exacerbating inequalities or stigmatisation. Equally, a nuanced approach may be necessary to accommodate the principles of proportionality and efficiency within the local context.ConclusionWe conclude that this intervention is justifiable from an ethical perspective but that this type of reflection loop is helpful to identify the impact of interventions beyond effectiveness.
The incidence of military training-related injuries in Chinese new recruits: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hua Wei , Chen Q , Wan M , Lu J , Xiong L 
Published: December 2017

IntroductionTraining-related injuries are the main reason for disability, long-term rehabilitation, functional impairment and premature discharge from military service. The aim of this study was to identify the incidence of injuries in the training of Chinese new recruits via a systematic review of the literature.MethodA systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the combined incidence of military training-related injuries in Chinese new recruits. The electronic databases of full-text journals were searched, and the Loney criteria were used to assess the quality of eligible articles. Summary estimates were obtained using random-effects models. Subgroup analyses and publication bias tests were performed.ResultsFifty-five eligible articles representing 109 611 Chinese new recruits met the inclusion criteria, of which 21 253 recruits were clinically diagnosed with military training-related injuries. The combined incidence of military training-related injuries in Chinese new recruits was found to be 21.04%.ConclusionsAn increased incidence of training injuries was found in more recent years, underscoring the need for further research on the risk factors associated with their causation.
Renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in patients with or without ischaemic mitral regurgitation after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Kim Kitae , Kaji Shuichiro , Kasamoto Manabu , Murai Ryosuke , Sasaki Yasuhiro , Kitai Takeshi , Yamane Takafumi , Ehara Natsuhiko , Kobori Atsushi , Kinoshita Makoto , Furukawa Yutaka 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveLittle is known about the long-term effects of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASI) on cardiovascular events in patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with ischaemic mitral regurgitation (IMR). The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of RASI with the incidence of adverse cardiac events in patients with or without IMR after AMI.MethodsWe reviewed charts of 1208 consecutive patients admitted with AMI who underwent emergency coronary angiography between 2000 and 2012. After excluding patients who died within 30 days, 551 patients were diagnosed to have mild or greater MR by transthoracic echocardiography (patients with IMR); the remaining 505 patients had no or trivial MR (non-IMR patients).ResultsOf the study patients, 395 (72%) patients with IMR and 403 (80%) non-IMR patients received RASI. Survival analysis showed that freedom from cardiac death and the composite of cardiac death and heart failure (HF) was significantly higher in patients with IMR receiving RASI than in those not receiving RASI (P<0.001 and P<0.001, respectively). Moreover, adjusted survival analysis using the inverse probability treatment weighting method showed a significant association of RASI therapy with reduced cardiac death(P=0.010) and the composite of cardiac death and HF (P=0.044) in patients with IMR. However, in non-IMR patients, there were no significant associations between RASI therapy and the outcome measures.ConclusionsRASI therapy was associated with a lower incidence of adverse cardiac events in patients with IMR after AMI, but not in patients without IMR.
Understanding Institutional Deadlocks in Disaster Risk Reduction: The Financial and Legal Risk Root Causes in Genova, Italy
Authors: Scolobig Anna 
Published: December 2017

Many countries, regions and towns around the world experience lack of action or delayed actions in the implementation of disaster risk reduction measures. One of the common causal explanations is the insufficient funding available to reduce risk, especially at the local level. However, so far few studies have provided an in-depth analysis of the root causes of these deadlocks in disaster risk reduction. This paper analyses risk root causes in Genova, a town situated in North West Italy and exposed to high impact weather events. The town has experienced an increase in the intensity of flood events in the past 50 years, causing casualties, evacuations, displacements and severe damage. Decisions about flood risk mitigation progressively became a highly contested issue, especially because of the delays in reinforcing the banks of the Bisagno river and the city’s flood defences. The causes of these delays are not to be found in the lack of technical solutions, but rather in the socio-political and institutional dynamics. The Risk Root Cause Analysis (RRCA) framework provided the theoretical and methodological background to identify the key root causes of the risk reduction deadlock: corruption accusations and legal conflicts, unfair criteria for funding allocation at the regional level, lack of coordination among funding agencies, side effects of austerity measures, mismatches between the political and disaster risk cycles. The results show that the strengthening of a certain system — e.g., anti-corruption measures to avoid bribery in public spending — may cause the weakening of another one — e.g., delays in protection works execution — and generate increased risk exposure and vulnerability. Another similar example regards the implementation of national austerity policies, which caused human resources’ constraints at the local level and shifts of public funding from the disaster risk reduction to other sectors such as health. Anticipation of these and other unintended side effects discussed in the paper as well as a better understanding of the root causes of the deadlocks in risk reduction, can contribute to the improvement of disaster management strategies.
Groundwater flood hazards and mechanisms in lowland karst terrains
Authors: Naughton Owen , McCormack Ted , Gill Laurence , Johnston Paul 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The spatial and temporal complexities of flooding in karst terrains pose unique challenges in flood risk management. Lowland karst landscapes can be particularly susceptible to groundwater flooding due to a combination of low aquifer storage, high diffusivity and limited or absent surface drainage. Numerous notable groundwater flood events have been recorded in the Republic of Ireland throughout the twentieth century, but flooding during the winters of 2009 and 2015 was the most severe on record, causing widespread and prolonged disruption and damage to property and infrastructure. Effective flood risk management requires an understanding of the recharge, storage and transport mechanisms governing water movement across the landscape during flood conditions. Using information gathered from recent events, the main hydrological and geomorphological factors influencing flooding in these complex lowland karst groundwater systems are elucidated. Observed flood mechanisms included backwater flooding of sinks, high water levels in ephemerally flooded basins (turloughs), overtopping of depressions, and discharges from springs and resurgences. This paper addresses the need to improve our understanding of groundwater flooding in karst terrains to ensure efficient flood prevention and mitigation in the future, and thus helps to achieve the aims of the European Union Floods Directive.
Clinical Significance of PD-L1+ Exosomes in Plasma of Head and Neck Cancer Patients
Authors: Theodoraki Marie-Nicole , Yerneni Saigopalakrishna S. , Hoffmann Thomas K. , Gooding William E. , Whiteside Theresa L. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPurpose: The microenvironment of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) is highly immunosuppressive. HNSCCs expressing elevated levels of PD-L1 have especially poor outcome. Exosomes that carry PD-L1 and suppress T-cell functions have been isolated from plasma of patients with HNSCC. The potential contributions of PD-L1+ exosomes to immune suppression and disease activity are evaluated.Experimental Design: Exosomes isolated from plasma of 40 HNSCC patients by size exclusion chromatography were captured on beads using anti-CD63 Abs, stained for PD-1 and PD-L1 and analyzed by flow cytometry. The percentages and mean fluorescence intensities (MFI) of PD-L1+ and PD-1+ exosome/bead complexes were correlated with the patients’ clinicopathologic data. PD-L1high or PD-L1low exosomes were incubated with activated CD69+ human CD8+ T cells ± PD-1 inhibitor. Changes in CD69 expression levels on T cells were measured. Patients’ plasma was tested for soluble PD-L1 (sPD-L1) by ELISA.Results: Levels of PD-L1 carried by exosomes correlated with patients’ disease activity, the UICC stage and the lymph node status (P = 0.0008–0.013). In contrast, plasma levels of sPD-L1 or exosome PD-1 levels did not correlate with any clinicopathologic parameters. CD69 expression levels were inhibited (P &lt; 0.03) by coincubation with PD-L1high but not by PD-L1low exosomes. Blocking of PD-L1+ exosome signaling to PD-1+ T cells attenuated immune suppression.Conclusions: PD-L1 levels on exosomes, but not levels of sPD-L1, associated with disease progression in HNSCC patients. Circulating PD-L1+ exosomes emerge as useful metrics of disease and immune activity in HNSCC patients. Significance: Circulating PD-L1high exosomes in HNC patients’ plasma but not soluble PD-L1 levels associate with disease progression. Clin Cancer Res; 24(4); 896–905. ©2017 AACR.
Quem tem medo da bancada evangélica? Posições sobre moralidade e política no eleitorado brasileiro, no Congresso Nacional e na Frente Parlamentar Evangélica
Authors: Prandi Reginaldo , Santos Renan William dos 
Published: December 2017

Este artigo estuda a influência da filiação religiosa na opinião de eleitores e de seus representantes no Congresso Nacional, compara a opinião dos eleitores classificados segundo a religião declarada e analisa a opinião do conjunto dos congressistas e daqueles pertencentes à chamada bancada evangélica, formada por congressistas evangélicos não pentecostais e pentecostais. Também mostra que a religião influencia pouco a opinião de eleitores e congressistas nos temas de natureza econômica e estrutural e marca mais a opinião em temas do comportamento e moralidade, além de constatar que a bancada evangélica se move ora na direção de seus eleitores, ora na do conjunto dos congressistas, distinguindo-se como grupo sobretudo por sua preocupação com a moral sexual.