bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptors and the turn-taking mechanism
Authors: Żywiczyński Przemysław , Wacewicz Sławomir , Orzechowski Sylwester 
Published: December 2017

Turn-taking – the coordinated and efficient transition between the roles of sender and receiver in communication – is a fundamental property of conversational interaction. The turn-taking mechanism depends on a variety of linguistic factors related to syntax, semantics and prosody, which have recently been subject to vigorous research. This contrasts with the relative lack of studies on nonverbal visual signals and cues that can be involved in taking turns at talking. In this paper, we consider the relation between turn-transitions and adaptors: a class of nonverbal behaviors prototypically involving touching one’s own body or manipulating external objects. We recorded 10 semi-scripted conversations between a total of 12 subjects and annotated the material for discrete adaptors and turn borders. We found that participants produced discrete adaptors significantly more frequently close to floor transfers (turn borders). Our result goes against the long-standing tradition of interpreting adaptors as unrelated to speech and, more generally, communicative interaction.
An enunciative account of admirativity in Bulgarian
Authors: Guentchéva Zlatka 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn this paper, I will discuss the status of the so-called admirative in the Bulgarian grammatical system, with special focus on its relation to the perfect, evidentiality and inferentiality. I will argue that admirative constructions in Bulgarian are better analyzed within the framework of the strict theory of enunciation (Bally, Benveniste, Culioli, Desclés…). In the first part of this paper, I will focus on the morphological patterns specific to Bulgarian and discuss the semantics of the phenomenon. I will also survey other analyses of the issue. In the second part, I will demonstrate that the surprise expressed by admirative constructions, marked by exclamatory intonation and clearly identified by context, exclamatory particles and interjections, results from the discrepancy between what is expected and what is observed.
Soybean amplifies the hypohomocysteinemic effect of betaine and improves its hypercholesterolemic effect
Authors: Shimada Ryoko , Ebihara Kiyoshi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWe examined whether soybean (SB) and soy protein isolate (SPI) can prevent the betaine-induced elevation of plasma cholesterol as well as maintain the betaine-induced reduction of plasma Hcy concentration. Rats were fed casein-, SB-, or SPI-based diet with or without betaine; SPI-based diet with betaine containing soybean fiber (SF) or soy lecithin (SL) or the combination of SF and SL. Plasma Hcy concentration was decreased by feeding betaine to rats fed the casein-, SB-, and SPI-based diets. Betaine-induced elevation of plasma cholesterol was decreased by feeding the SB-based diet compared with the casein-based diet, but was not decreased by feeding the SPI-based diet. In rats fed the SPI-based diet, the increased concentration of plasma cholesterol by betaine feeding was not prevented by independent addition of SL or SF, but was prevented by a combination of SL and SF, and was associated with increased fecal excretion of bile acids.
Synthetic studies on optically active furofuran and diarylbutane lignans*
Authors: Mori Naoki 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Lignans are a large class of naturally occurring secondary metabolites which are widely spread within the plant kingdom. Their diverse structures and variety of biological activities have fascinated organic chemists. For synthesizing optically active lignans, we have developed the novel asymmetric dimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives, and applied it to the enantioselective syntheses of furofuran lignans (yangambin, sesamin, eudesmin, caruilignan A) and diarylbutane lignans (sauriols A and B). This review summarizes the methodology of our asymmetric dimerization of cinnamic acid derivatives, and efficient total syntheses of furofuran and diarylbutane lignans reported by our and other groups.
Direct and indirect relationships of physical fitness, weight status, and learning duration to academic performance in Japanese schoolchildren
Authors: Ishihara Toru , Morita Noriteru , Nakajima Toshihiro , Okita Koichi , Yamatsu Koji , Sagawa Masato 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine, using structural equation modelling (SEM), the direct and indirect influence of daily behaviours (i.e. exercise/learning durations), weight status, and physical fitness on academic performance among seventh‐grade schoolchildren, after controlling for socioeconomic status. We analysed cross‐sectional data from 274 schoolchildren (159 males and 115 females; 12–13 years old). Academic performance was assessed using the total grade points in eight academic subjects. Physical fitness was evaluated using the total score of eight physical fitness tests and weight status using body mass index. The daily behaviours and socioeconomic status were assessed by the questionnaire. The SEM showed an adequate fit to the data (χ2 = 0.684, p = .710, RMSEA = .000). Physical fitness and learning durations had direct effects on academic performance (β = .301, p < .001; β = .132, p = .037, respectively) after controlling for confounders. Healthy weight status and exercise habits positively indirectly influenced academic performance via physical fitness. These findings suggest that, independent of socioeconomic status and learning durations, exercise habits and maintaining healthy weight status may indirectly contribute to academic success via better physical fitness in children.
Quantifying the effects of acute hypoxic exposure on exercise performance and capacity: A systematic review and meta‐regression
Authors: Deb Sanjoy K. , Brown Daniel R. , Gough Lewis A. , McLellan Christopher P. , Swinton Paul A. , Andy Sparks S. , McNaughton Lars R. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjective: To quantify the effects of acute hypoxic exposure on exercise capacity and performance, which includes continuous and intermittent forms of exercise. Design: A systematic review was conducted with a three‐level mixed effects meta‐regression. The ratio of means method was used to evaluate main effects and moderators providing practical interpretations with percentage change. Data sources: A systemic search was performed using three databases (Google scholar, PubMed and SPORTDiscus). Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: Inclusion was restricted to investigations that assessed exercise performance (time trials (TTs), sprint and intermittent exercise tests) and capacity (time to exhaustion test, TTE) with acute hypoxic (<24 h) exposure and a normoxic comparator. Results: Eighty‐two outcomes from 53 studies (N = 798) were included in this review. The results show an overall reduction in exercise performance/capacity −17.8 ± 3.9% (95% CI −22.8% to −11.0%), which was significantly moderated by −6.5 ± 0.9% per 1000 m altitude elevation (95% CI −8.2% to −4.8%) and oxygen saturation (−2.0 ± 0.4%; 95% CI −2.9% to −1.2%). TT (−16.2 ± 4.3%; 95% CI −22.9% to −9%) and TTE (−44.5 ± 6.9%; 95% CI −51.3% to −36.7%) elicited a negative effect, whilst indicating a quadratic relationship between hypoxic magnitude and both TTE and TT performance. Furthermore, exercise less than 2 min exhibited no ergolytic effect from acute hypoxia.Summary/Conclusion: This review highlights the ergolytic effect of acute hypoxic exposure, which is curvilinear for TTE and TT performance with increasing hypoxic levels, but short duration intermittent and sprint exercise seem to be unaffected.
Rhombic tilings and Bott–Samelson varieties
Authors: Escobar Laura , Pechenik Oliver , Tenner Bridget , Yong Alexander 
Published: December 2017

S. Elnitsky (1997) gave an elegant bijection between rhombic tilings of

2
n

2n

-gons and commutation classes of reduced words in the symmetric group on

n
n

letters. P. Magyar (1998) found an important construction of the Bott–Samelson varieties introduced by H. C. Hansen (1973) and M. Demazure (1974). We explain a natural connection between S. Elnitsky’s and P. Magyar’s results. This suggests using tilings to encapsulate Bott–Samelson data (in type

A
A

). It also indicates a geometric perspective on S. Elnitsky’s bijection. We also extend this construction by assigning desingularizations of Schubert varieties to the zonotopal tilings considered by B. Tenner (2006).
To increase trust, change the social design behind aggregated biodiversity data
Authors: Franz Nico M , Sterner Beckett W 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Growing concerns about the quality of aggregated biodiversity data are lowering trust in large-scale data networks. Aggregators frequently respond to quality concerns by recommending that biologists work with original data providers to correct errors ‘at the source.’ We show that this strategy falls systematically short of a full diagnosis of the underlying causes of distrust. In particular, trust in an aggregator is not just a feature of the data signal quality provided by the sources to the aggregator, but also a consequence of the social design of the aggregation process and the resulting power balance between individual data contributors and aggregators. The latter have created an accountability gap by downplaying the authorship and significance of the taxonomic hierarchies—frequently called ‘backbones’—they generate, and which are in effect novel classification theories that operate at the core of data-structuring process. The Darwin Core standard for sharing occurrence records plays an under-appreciated role in maintaining the accountability gap, because this standard lacks the syntactic structure needed to preserve the taxonomic coherence of data packages submitted for aggregation, potentially leading to inferences that no individual source would support. Since high-quality data packages can mirror competing and conflicting classifications, i.e. unsettled systematic research, this plurality must be accommodated in the design of biodiversity data integration. Looking forward, a key directive is to develop new technical pathways and social incentives for experts to contribute directly to the validation of taxonomically coherent data packages as part of a greater, trustworthy aggregation process.
Evaluation of a novel infra-red endoscopy system in the assessment of early neoplasia in Barretts esophagus: pilot study from a single center
Authors: Ortiz-Fernandez-Sordo J , Sami S S , Mansilla-Vivar R , Subramanian V , Mannath J , Telakis E , Ragunath K 
Published: December 2017

SUMMARY
Infrared endoscopy (IRE) has been shown to be useful in detecting submucosal (SM) invasion in early gastric cancer. Its role in the endoscopic assessment of Barrett's neoplasia has not been reported to date. We aimed in this study to evaluate the role of IRE in the detection and characterization of early neoplastic lesions within Barrett's esophagus (BE). The secondary aim was to explore its usefulness for the assessment of the presence of submucosal invasion in these early neoplastic Barrett's lesions. We included in the study patients with dysplastic BE who were referred to our institution for endoscopic therapy of a previously diagnosed early Barrett's neoplasia. An examination with white light high resolution endoscopy (HRE) and near IRE after intravenous injection of indocyanine green was performed for all patients using an infrared endoscope prototype. Staining on IRE and correlation with final histological staging by endoscopic mucosal resection/surgery or histological diagnosis on mapping biopsies was analyzed. A total of 23 patients were enrolled in our study: 17 of them with 19 visible lesions and 6 patients with flat BE and no lesions. Staining on IRE was noted in 18 cases: 17 (94%) had at least high grade dysplasia (HGD). No stain was noted in 7 cases: final histology was <HGD in 5 (71%) and ≥HGD in 2 (29%). There was statistically significant difference between cases with no stain and any staining on IRE with regard to the presence of ≥HGD [2/7 (29%) vs. 17/18 (94%) P = 0.0022]. Stain was reported as faint in 12 and dense in 6. All 6 cases with dense staining had at least HGD. We concluded that IRE can provide additional information to the currently available white light endoscopy for detecting early neoplastic lesions within BE. IRE also allows detecting HGD and most advanced histology in BE. Usefulness of IRE to detect submucosal involvement in early Barrett's neoplastic lesions needs to be assessed further in larger cohort studies.
Recent developments in genetics and medically-assisted reproduction: from research to clinical applications†‡
Authors: Harper J C , Aittomäki K , Borry P , Cornel M C , de Wert G , Dondorp W , Geraedts J , Gianaroli L , Ketterson K , Liebaers I , Lundin K , Mertes H , Morris M , Pennings G , Sermon K , Spits C , Soini S , van Montfoort A P A , Veiga A , Vermeesch J R , Viville S , Macek M ,   on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology and European Society of Human Genetics
Published: December 2017

AbstractTwo leading European professional societies, the European Society of Human Genetics and the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology, have worked together since 2004 to evaluate the impact of fast research advances at the interface of assisted reproduction and genetics, including their application into clinical practice. In September 2016, the expert panel met for the third time. The topics discussed highlighted important issues covering the impacts of expanded carrier screening, direct-to-consumer genetic testing, voiding of the presumed anonymity of gamete donors by advanced genetic testing, advances in the research of genetic causes underlying male and female infertility, utilisation of massively-parallel sequencing in preimplantation genetic testing and non-invasive prenatal screening, mitochondrial replacement in human oocytes, and additionally, issues related to cross-generational epigenetic inheritance following IVF and germline genome editing. The resulting paper represents a consensus of both professional societies involved.
A comparison of VMS and AIS data: the effect of data coverage and vessel position recording frequency on estimates of fishing footprints
Authors: Shepperson Jennifer L , Hintzen Niels T , Szostek Claire L , Bell Ewen , Murray Lee G , Kaiser Michel J 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Understanding the distribution of fishing activity is fundamental to quantifying its impact on the seabed. Vessel monitoring system (VMS) data provides a means to understand the footprint (extent and intensity) of fishing activity. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data could offer a higher resolution alternative to VMS data, but differences in coverage and interpretation need to be better understood. VMS and AIS data were compared for individual scallop fishing vessels. There were substantial gaps in the AIS data coverage; AIS data only captured 26% of the time spent fishing compared to VMS data. The amount of missing data varied substantially between vessels (45–99% of each individuals' AIS data were missing). A cubic Hermite spline interpolation of VMS data provided the greatest similarity between VMS and AIS data. But the scale at which the data were analysed (size of the grid cells) had the greatest influence on estimates of fishing footprints. The present gaps in coverage of AIS may make it inappropriate for absolute estimates of fishing activity. VMS already provides a means of collecting more complete fishing position data, shielded from public view. Hence, there is an incentive to increase the VMS poll frequency to calculate more accurate fishing footprints.
That’s Not How I Remember It: Willfully Ignorant Memory for Ethical Product Attribute Information
Authors: Reczek Rebecca Walker , Irwin Julie R , Zane Daniel M , Ehrich Kristine R 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This research documents a systematic bias in memory for ethical attribute information: consumers have better memory for an ethical attribute when a product performs well on the attribute versus when a product performs poorly on the attribute. Because consumers want to avoid emotionally difficult ethical information (e.g., child labor) but believe they should remember it in order to do the right thing, the presence of negative ethical information in a choice or evaluation produces conflict between the want and should selves. Consumers resolve this conflict by letting the want self prevail and forgetting or misremembering the negative ethical information. A series of studies establishes the willfully ignorant memory effect, shows that it holds only for ethical attributes and not for other attributes, and provides process evidence that it is driven by consumers allowing the want self to prevail in order to avoid negative feelings associated with the conflict. We also ameliorate the effect by reducing the amount of pressure exerted by the should self. Lastly, we demonstrate that consumers judge forgetting negative ethical information as more morally acceptable than remembering but ignoring it, suggesting that willfully ignorant memory is a more morally acceptable form of coping with want/should conflict.
OGLE-2014-SN-073 as a fallback accretion powered supernova
Authors: Moriya Takashi J , Terreran Giacomo , Blinnikov Sergei I 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
We investigate the possibility that the energetic Type II supernova OGLE-2014-SN-073 is powered by a fallback accretion following the failed explosion of a massive star. Taking massive hydrogen-rich supernova progenitor models, we estimate the fallback accretion rate and calculate the light-curve evolution of supernovae powered by the fallback accretion. We find that such fallback accretion powered models can reproduce the overall observational properties of OGLE-2014-SN-073. It may imply that some failed explosions could be observed as energetic supernovae like OGLE-2014-SN-073 instead of faint supernovae as previously proposed.
Brain Stem Cavernous Malformations: Operative Nuances of a Less-Invasive Resection Technique
Authors: Singh Harminder , Elarjani Turki , da Silva Harley Brito , Shetty Rakshith , Kim Louis , Sekhar Laligam N 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Different operative techniques are reported for the resection of brainstem cavernous malformations (BSCMs). The senior author has previously reported on a less-invasive technique of entering the brain stem with piecemeal removal of BSCMs, especially the deep-seated ones.

OBJECTIVE
To present a larger series of these lesions, emphasizing the approach to the brain stem via case selection. We discuss the nuances of the less-invasive operative technique through case illustrations and intraoperative videos.

METHODS
A retrospective review of 46 consecutive cases of BSCMs, with their clinical and radiographic data, was performed. Nine cases were selected to illustrate 7 different operative approaches, and discuss surgical nuances of the less-invasive technique unique to each.

RESULTS
Postoperative morbidity, defined as an increase in modified Rankin Scale, was observed in 5 patients (10.9%). A residual BSCM was present in 2 patients (4.3%); both underwent reoperation to remove the remainder. At follow-up of 31.1 ± 27.8 mo, 3 patients experienced recurrence (6.5%). Overall, 65% of our patients improved, 20% stayed the same, and 11% worsened postsurgery. Two patients died, yielding a mortality of 4.3%.

CONCLUSION
Using the less-invasive resection technique for piecemeal BSCM removal, in appropriately selected patients, has yielded comparable to improved patient outcomes over existing large series. In our experience, lateral, anterolateral, and posterolateral approaches are favorable over direct midline (dorsal or ventral) approaches. A thorough understanding of brain-stem safe-entry zones, in conjunction with appropriate approach selection, is key to a good outcome in challenging cases.
Operative Nuances of Stereotactic Leksell Frame-Based Depth Electrode Implantation
Authors: Joswig Holger , Benson Carolyn M , Parrent Andrew G , MacDougall Keith W , Steven David A 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
For intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring, stereotactically implanted depth electrodes are increasingly used at epilepsy centers around the world.

Objective
To identify pearls and pitfalls from our experience with stereotactic Leksell (Elekta AB, Stockhom, Sweden) frame-based depth electrode implantation.

Methods
An intraoperative video of the implantation technique was recorded.

Results
A detailed description and a video on how to implant depth electrodes using the stereotactic Leksell frame is provided.

Conclusion
Neurosurgeons implanting depth electrodes for intracranial electroencephalographic monitoring might find the technical nuances and caveats described in this technical note useful for their practice.
Hypervascular Vestibular Schwannomas: Clinical Characteristics, Angiographical Classification, and Surgical Considerations
Authors: Teranishi Yu , Kohno Michihiro , Sora Shigeo , Sato Hiroaki , Nagata Osamu 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
There is a rare type of vestibular schwannoma, scarcely discussed in the literature, known as a hypervascular vestibular schwannoma (HVS).

OBJECTIVE
To evaluate its biological characteristics, angiographical classification, surgical outcomes, and the significance for surgical consideration, using a large series of this clinical entity.

METHODS
The definition for HVS in this study was the tumor stain from the vertebrobasilar system (VBS) in angiography. The authors conducted a retrospective analysis of 36 patients who were angiographically diagnosed with HVS and underwent surgery between 2008 and 2015. Their biological findings and their surgical outcomes were compared with non-HVS subjects. With regard to the tumor feeders and AV shunt, we classified HVS into 5 types.

RESULTS
HVS occurred more commonly in younger subjects (mean: 39.4 yr), as a larger solid tumor with multiple flow voids (mean: 34.1 mm), and involved higher levels of cerebrospinal fluid protein (mean: 202 mg/dl) and a higher MIB1-index (mean: 4.3%). The average resection rate for these 36 cases was 95.3%, and recurrence was seen in 6 cases (16.7%). Compared with non-HVS, the extent of tumor resection was significantly lower, and the recurrence rate was significantly higher. Especially in HVS type 2B (the tumor stain is fed by the VBS and the external carotid artery, with an arteriovenous shunt from the VBS), the recurrence-free survival duration was significantly shorter compared with other HVS types and non-HVS, and HVS type 2B exhibited an identifiable risk factor for recurrence.

CONCLUSION
HVS have the distinct clinical characteristics compared with those of non-HVS subjects.