bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Climate‐Asthma Connection: Examining the Influence of Climate Change Anxiety on Asthma Control and Quality of Life: A Multi‐National Study
Authors: Atta Mohamed Hussein Ramadan , El‐Sayed Ahmed Abdelwahab Ibrahim , Taleb Fuad , Elsayed Shimmaa Mohamed , Al Shurafi Sharaf Omar , Altaheri Asmaa , Abdu almoliky Mokhtar , Asal Maha Gamal Ramadan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aims to identify the impact of climate change anxiety and asthma control on asthmatics' quality of life and examine the moderating role of climate change anxiety in this linkage.MethodA multi‐national cross‐sectional study was conducted in four Arabian countries on 1266 asthmatics selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected from November 2023 to February 2024 using a climate anxiety scale, mini‐asthma quality of life questionnaire, and an asthma control questionnaire.ResultsClimate anxiety was higher among middle‐aged participants, as well as those with longer disease durations and previous hospitalisations. Climate anxiety showed strong negative correlations with asthma control (r = −0.704, p ≤ 0.05) and asthma quality of life (r = − 0.638, p ≤ 0.05). Climate anxiety and asthma control are powerful predictors of quality of life among asthmatics. Climate anxiety moderates the relationship between asthma control and quality of life, making it less positive (B = −0.094, p > 0.001). Covariates such as gender, age, comorbidities, employment status, disease duration, and previous hospitalisation showed significant associations with asthma quality of life.Implications for Nursing PracticeAssessment and mitigation of climate anxiety among asthmatics is a key strategy for controlling asthma and improving the quality of life. So, nurses must incorporate climate anxiety assessment into the care plan for asthmatics.ImpactClimate change is a global concern, and insights into how climate‐related psychological stressors exacerbate asthma symptoms and overall health outcomes are necessary. The findings provide actionable data for healthcare professionals to underscore the need for integrated healthcare approaches considering environmental and psychological factors.Reporting MethodThis study adheres to strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement.Patient or Public ContributionClients with asthma across multiple nationalities actively contributed to our paper.
Mental Health Services for Adults With Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Study of Patient Characteristics, Associated Factors and Consequent Needs for Adaptation in Assessment and Treatment
Authors: Karlsen Kjersti , Munkhaugen Ellen Kathrine , Fossum Hanne Kari , Bakken Trine Lise , Kildahl Arvid Nikolai 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIndividuals with intellectual disabilities are at increased risk of mental health disorders, but may struggle to access appropriate services. While assessment/treatment may need to be adapted, knowledge is limited about what such adaptations may entail.MethodDuring a service development project, the participants (33 professionals, 13 family members) were asked to identify the characteristics/associated factors of individuals with intellectual disabilities and co‐occurring mental health disorders. Using thematic analysis, 1103 participant responses were analyzed to identify the needs for adaptation in assessment/treatment.ResultsThree core themes were identified: (1) A broader assessment: Gaining an accurate and comprehensive understanding of the individual's history, abilities and difficulties, (2) Adjusting/modifying existing treatment strategies, (3) Ensuring that the individual's day‐to‐day needs are met.ConclusionsAccording to the participants, assessment/treatment of mental health disorder in this population requires more time and broader assessments are necessary. Family/caregiver involvement and cross‐service organisation/collaboration represent other important adaptations.
Acute Cystitis in a Transfeminine Patient: Assessment and Treatment of Urinary Tract Symptoms
Authors: Senda Janell , Phillippi Julia C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractManagement of acute cystitis in a transfeminine patient is discussed as an example of treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs). The case is an introduction for clinicians who typically care for cisgender women and wish to expand the populations they serve to include care of gender‐diverse individuals. This is supportive of the 2021 American College of Nurse‐Midwives Position Statement on Health Care for Transgender and Gender Non‐Binary People. Possible differential diagnoses for urinary symptoms in transfeminine patients are discussed, as well as relevant history taking, examination skills, and treatment guidelines for acute cystitis of patients with penises along with discussion of basic care for transgender individuals seeking midwifery or primary care services.
Association of serum lipidomic profiles with risk of intracranial aneurysm: A Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Zhang Mingqin , Yang Dongyi , Wang Jiabin , Wang Dan , Xu Jin , Wang Yibo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was utilized to assess the causal relationship between lipidomic profiles and the risk of intracranial aneurysms (IAs). Genetic variants related to lipidomic profiles (227 components) and IA [IA, aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) only, unruptured IA (uIA) only] were obtained from published genome‐wide association studies (GWASs) or the IEU Open GWAS project and used as instrumental variables for MR analysis. The inverse‐variance weighted method was used in the primary analyses to derive causality estimates and was expressed as odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Of these 227 lipidomic profiles, only genetically predicted high levels of cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very small very‐low‐density lipoproteins (VLDL) [OR = 0.629 (95% CI, 0.504–0.786)], cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in very small VLDL [OR = 0.637 (95% CI, 0.509–0.797)], ratio of docosahexaenoic acid to total fatty acids [OR = 0.691 (95% CI, 0.582–0.820)], and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids [OR = 0.630 (95% CI, 0.522–0.760)] reduced the risk of aSAH, whereas genetically predicted high ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to total fatty acids [OR = 1.471 (95% CI, 1.215–1.781)] increased the risk of aSAH. Moreover, genetically predicted high levels of cholesterol to total lipids ratio in very small VLDL [OR = 0.657 (95% CI, 0.542–0.798)], cholesteryl esters to total lipids ratio in very small VLDL [OR = 0.663 (95% CI, 0.548–0.803)], free cholesterol to total lipids ratio in small VLDL [OR = 0.682 (95% CI, 0.560–0.832)], phospholipids to total lipids ratio in small VLDL [OR = 0.674 (95% CI, 0.548–0.830)], and ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids [OR = 0.678 (95% CI, 0.569–0.808)] reduced the risk of IA. The results of multivariable MR demonstrated that these causal associations persisted after adjusting for systolic blood pressure and cigarettes smoked per day. The effect of serum lipids on IA and aSAH may be mainly caused by subclasses of lipids such as VLDL.image
The Determinants of Mental Illness Self‐Management for Patients With Schizophrenia and Type 2 Diabetes: A Self‐Determination Theory Approach
Authors: Lin I‐Chun , Yang Chia‐Chi , Lin Esther Ching Lan , Chung Feng‐Chin , Ching‐Yun Yu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimThis study based on self‐determination theory aimed to assess the relationship between motivation, competence in diabetes management and perceived autonomy support respectively and mental illness self‐management; furthermore, the authors intended to explore the determinants of mental illness self‐management for patients with schizophrenia and diabetes.DesignThis was a cross‐sectional study.MethodsOne hundred ten participants were recruited at the psychiatric hospital and assessed with the Illness Management and Recovery Scale, the Treatment Self‐Regulation Questionnaire, the Perceived Competence Scale for Diabetes and the Health‐Care Climate Questionnaire.ResultsPatients with lower educational levels, who were admitted to the chronic ward, were unemployed, had lower motivation in illness management, lower competence in diabetes management and perceived lower autonomy support all had lower mental illness self‐management. Competence in diabetes management, employment status, autonomy support, educational levels and living alone were the determinants of mental illness self‐management.ConclusionRecovery from schizophrenia and comorbid diabetes is an enduring and complicated process requiring support from healthcare providers. Health professionals should assess the levels of illness self‐management and provide integrated care interventions for patients with schizophrenia and diabetes, helping them manage both conditions.Implications for the Profession and Patient CareThe illness management programme could apply to patients with schizophrenia and diabetes and address patients' characteristics such as low levels of education, living alone and being unemployed while additionally promoting motivation and competence, and providing supporting autonomy.Reporting MethodThe STROBE checklist was followed.Patient or Public ContributionPatients with schizophrenia and diabetes were recruited for this study and voluntarily completed the questionnaire.
Enteral micronutrient supplementation and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm or low birth weight infants: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Yakun , Jin Shaobin , Zhang Guoqing , Chen Tingwei , Huang Shungen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe association of enteral micronutrient supplementation and the neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm or low birth weight (LBW) infants is controversial. This research was prospectively registered (CRD42023454034). We searched MEDLINE, Embase, PsycInfo, ClinicalTrials. gov, and the Cochrane Library for randomised clinical trials (RCTs) or quasi‐RCTs comparing any enteral micronutrients supplementation with placebo or no supplementation in preterm or LBW infants. The primary outcome was neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI), with secondary outcomes involving various neurodevelopmental tests and disabilities. There was no evidence of an association between enteral micronutrients supplementation and the risk of NDI (RR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.93–1.14; moderate certainty evidence). There was no evidence that the supplemented groups enhanced cognitive (MD, 0.65; 95% CI, −0.37 to 1.67; low certainty evidence), language (SMD, −0.01; 95% CI, −0.11 to 0.09; moderate certainty evidence), or motor scores (SMD, 0.04; 95% CI, −0.06 to 0.15; very low certainty evidence) or IQ (SMD, −0.20; 95% CI, −0.53 to 0.13; very low certainty evidence). Subgroup analysis showed that multiple micronutrients supplementation improved expressive language score (MD, 1.42; 95% CI, 0.39–2.45), and zinc supplementation enhanced fine motor score (SMD, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.98–2.43). The overall heterogeneity was low. This study demonstrates that enteral micronutrient supplementation is associated with little or no benefits in neurodevelopmental outcomes for preterm or LBW infants. Well‐designed RCTs are needed to further ascertain these associations.
Transcriptional Responses to Priority Effects in Nectar Yeast
Authors: Chappell Callie R. , Goddard Pagé C. , Golden Lexi‐Ann , Hernandez Jonathan , Ortiz Chavez Daniela , Hossine Marziiah , Herrera Paredes Sur , VanValkenburg Ethan , Nell Lucas A. , Fukami Tadashi , Dhami Manpreet K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPriority effects, where the order and timing of species arrival influence the assembly of ecological communities, have been observed in a variety of taxa and habitats. However, the genetic and molecular basis of priority effects remains unclear, hindering a better understanding of when priority effects will be strong. We sought to gain such an understanding for the nectar yeast Metschnikowia reukaufii commonly found in the nectar of our study plant, the hummingbird‐pollinated Diplacus (Mimulus) aurantiacus. In this plant, M. reukaufii can experience strong priority effects when it reaches flowers after other nectar yeasts, such as M. rancensis. After inoculation into two contrasting types of synthetic nectar simulating early arrival of M. rancensis, we conducted whole‐transcriptome sequencing of 108 strains of M. reukaufii. We found that several genes were differentially expressed in M. reukaufii strains when the nectar had been conditioned by growth of M. rancensis. Many of these genes were associated with amino acid metabolism, suggesting that M. reukaufii strains responded molecularly to the reduction in amino acid availability caused by M. rancensis. Furthermore, investigation of expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) revealed that genes involved in amino acid transport and resistance to antifungal compounds were enriched in some genetic variants of M. reukaufii. We also found that gene expression was associated with population growth rate, particularly when amino acids were limited. These results suggest that intraspecific genetic variation in the ability of nectar yeasts to respond to nutrient limitation and direct fungal competition underpins priority effects in this microbial system.
Culicoides biting midges in urban areas of northern Spain
Authors: González Mikel A. , Cevidanes Aitor , Barandika Jesús F. , García‐Pérez Ana L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCulicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are known vectors of multiple arboviruses of veterinary and medical importance, as well as avian haemosporidian parasites. Despite their significant role as vectors, the distribution of Culicoides species in non‐farmland habitats remains largely unknown. We conducted a study to assess the species community composition, abundance, and host feeding patterns of Culicoides biting midges in urban ecosystems in northern Spain. Light‐baited suction traps were operated biweekly for 6 months across six urban landscapes (three cemeteries and three green areas). In total, 181 Culicoides specimens of 18 species were morphologically identified, with the Obsoletus complex being predominant (43.% of the total catches), followed by Culicoides kibunensis (21.5%). Culicoides midges peaked in early June in green areas and in May in cemeteries. Host feeding patterns revealed avian preferences (mainly Turdus spp.) in four Culicoides species. Despite the low overall number of specimens collected, a high diversity of biting midge species was recorded. These findings offer critical insights into Culicoides ecology and their interactions with hosts in urban settings, which are vital for disease surveillance and management strategies.
Accommodating version of a schematic eye for emmetropia and myopia
Authors: Atchison David A. , Charman W. Neil 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo develop an accommodating, wide‐angle, schematic eye for emmetropia and myopia in which spectacle refraction and accommodation level are input parameters.MethodThe schematic eye is based on an earlier unaccommodated refraction‐dependent eye for myopia developed by Atchison in 2006. This has a parabolic gradient index lens and parameters derived from biometric and optical measurements on young adults. Several parameters are linearly dependent upon spectacle refraction (anterior radius of curvature of the cornea, axial length and vertex radii of curvature and conic asphericities of a biconic retina). The new accommodated schematic eye incorporates accommodation‐dependent changes in several lens‐related parameters. These changes are based on literature values for anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, vitreous chamber depth, lens surface radii of curvature and lens front surface asphericity. A parabolic variation of refractive index with relative distance from the lens centre is retained, with the same edge and centre refractive indices as the earlier model, but the distribution has been manipulated to maintain focus near the retina for the emmetropic case at 0 and 4 D accommodation. The asphericity of the lens back surface is changed so that spherical aberration and peripheral refraction approximately match typical literature trends. The model is used to compare spherical aberration and peripheral refraction in eyes with up to 4 D of myopia and 4 D of accommodation.ResultsThe levels of spherical aberration in the unaccommodated schematic eyes are similar to literature values for young adults, but the changes in spherical aberration with accommodation are approximately two‐thirds of that found in an experimental study. As intended, peripheral refractions in the accommodated schematic eyes are similar to those of their unaccommodated counterparts.ConclusionThe wide‐angle model extends the range of schematic eyes to include both refraction and accommodation as variable input parameters. It may be useful in predicting aspects of retinal image quality.
Viewing distance, font size and symptoms of eyestrain in non‐presbyopic and presbyopic smartphone users
Authors: Naipal Shivani , Khumalo Nqobile , Rahmtoola Muhammad , Chagi Sinoxolo , Didi Luyanda , Mthethwa Sandile , Ndhlovu Simmy , Persadh Bhavna , Rampersad Nishanee 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeSmartphones are the most frequently used digital devices globally with ~6.80 billion users. Despite the ubiquitous use of smartphones, limited information is known on the preferred viewing distance and font size of smartphone users. This study investigated viewing distance, font size and symptoms of eyestrain in non‐presbyopic and presbyopic smartphone users.MethodsIn this quantitative research study, viewing distance and font size were measured in a group of non‐presbyopes (n = 107) and presbyopes (n = 53), whilst participants viewed a text message and a web page on their own smartphone. Subjects also responded to a verbal questionnaire related to the characteristics of their smartphone and the computer vision syndrome questionnaire to assess symptoms of eyestrain. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics.ResultsFor the total sample, the mean viewing distance for a text message was 37.13 ± 8.82 cm (median 36.00 cm), and for a web page was 36.11 ± 7.98 cm (median 36.00 cm). Presbyopes had longer median viewing distances compared with non‐presbyopes for a text message (41 cm vs. 34 cm, p < 0.001) and web page (40 cm vs. 34 cm, p < 0.001). The font size for non‐presbyopes were <1.0 M whilst for presbyopes were >1.2 M. More than twice the percentage of non‐presbyopes were classified with digital eyestrain (DES) compared with presbyopes.ConclusionsNon‐presbyopes used shorter viewing distances, smaller font sizes and were more predisposed to DES than presbyopes. The viewing distances adopted by presbyopes were similar to the conventional near‐working distance of 40 cm. Eye care practitioners should consider viewing distances when assessing near‐visual functions and prescribing a near refractive correction, particularly in non‐presbyopes. There should be greater awareness of the importance of adopting appropriate viewing distances when using smartphones.
Scots Pines With Tolerance to Melampsora pinitorqua and Diplodia sapinea Show Distinct Metabolic Profiles
Authors: Stein Åslund Matilda , Reichelt Michael , Zhang Ke , Castaño Carles , Stenlid Jan , Gershenzon Jonathan , Elfstrand Malin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDiplodia sapinea causes Diplodia tip blight (DTB) and is recognised as an opportunistic necrotrophic pathogen affecting conifers. While DTB is associated with abiotic stress, the impact of biotic stress in the host on D. sapinea's lifestyle shift is unknown. Observed co‐occurrences of D. sapinea and Melampsora pinitorqua, causing pine twisting rust on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), instigated an investigation into their interaction with and influence on the defence mechanisms of the host. We hypothesised that M. pinitorqua infections predispose the trees to D. sapinea by stressing the host and altering the shoot metabolites. Pines in a plantation were sampled over time to study pathogen biomass and host metabolites. Symptoms of both pathogens were consistent over years, and the preceding season's symptoms affected the metabolic profiles pre‐infection and M. pinitorqua's proliferation. Symptoms of M. pinitorqua altered shoot metabolites more than fungal biomass, with co‐symptomatic trees exhibiting elevated M. pinitorqua biomass. Specific phenolic compounds had a strong positive association with the shoot symptom × D. sapinea interaction. D. sapinea's biomass presymptoms was independent of previous disease symptoms and infection by M. pinitorqua. Some trees showed disease tolerance, with delayed rust infections and minimal DTB symptoms. Further investigations on this trait are needed.
Highest Occurring Vascular Plants from Ladakh Provide Wood Anatomical Evidence for a Thermal Limitation of Cell Wall Lignification
Authors: Büntgen Ulf , Jandova Veronika , Dolezal Jiri 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAs an evolutionary achievement of almost all terrestrial plants, lignin biosynthesis is essential for various mechanical and physiological processes. Possible effects of plant cell wall lignification on large‐scale vegetation distribution are, however, not yet fully understood. Here, we present double‐stained, wood anatomical stem measurements of 207 perennial herbs (Potentilla pamirica Wolf), which were collected between 5550 and 5850 m asl on the north‐western Tibetan Plateau in Ladakh, India. We also measured changes in situ root zone and surface air temperatures along the sampling gradient and applied piecewise structural equation models to assess direct and indirect relationships between the age and size of plants, the degree of cell wall lignification in their stems, and the elevation at which they were growing. Based on the world's highest‐occurring vascular plants, the Pamir Cinquefoils, we demonstrate that the amount of lignin in the secondary cell walls decreases significantly with increasing elevation (r = −0.73; p < 0.01). Since elevation is a proxy for temperature, our findings suggest a thermal constrain on lignin biosynthesis at the cold range limit of woody plant growth.
Tissue‐Specific Regulation of Vesicular Trafficking Mediated by Rab‐GEF Complex MON1/CCZ1 From Solanum chilense Increases Salt Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Madrid‐Espinoza José , Salinas‐Cornejo Josselyn , Norambuena Lorena , Ruiz‐Lara Simón 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTSalt stress constrains the development and growth of plants. To tolerate it, mechanisms of endocytosis and vacuolar compartmentalization of Na+ are induced. In this work, the genes that encode a putative activator of vesicular trafficking called MON1/CCZ1 from Solanum chilense, SchMON1 and SchCCZ1, were co‐expressed in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana to determine whether the increase in prevacuolar vesicular trafficking also increases the Na+ compartmentalization capacity and tolerance. Initially, we demonstrated that both SchMON1 and SchCCZ1 genes rescued the dwarf phenotype of both A. thaliana mon1‐1 and ccz1a/b mutants associated with the loss of function, and both proteins colocalized with their functional targets, RabF and RabG, in endosomes. Transgenic A. thaliana plants co‐expressing these genes improved salt stress tolerance compared to wild type plants, with SchMON1 contributing the most. At the sub‐cellular level, co‐expression of SchMON1/SchCCZ1 reduced ROS levels and increased endocytic activity, and number of acidic structures associated with autophagosomes. Notably, greater Na+ accumulation in vacuoles of cortex and endodermis was evidenced in the SchMON1 genotype. Molecular analysis of gene expression in each genotype supported these results. Altogether, our analysis shows that root activation of prevacuolar vesicular trafficking mediated by MON1/CCZ1 emerges as a promising physiological molecular mechanism to increase tolerance to salt stress in crops of economic interest.