bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Structural and biochemical studies of sulphotransferase 18 from Arabidopsis thaliana explain its substrate specificity and reaction mechanism
Authors: Hirschmann Felix , Krause Florian , Baruch Petra , Chizhov Igor , Mueller Jonathan Wolf , Manstein Dietmar J. , Papenbrock Jutta , Fedorov Roman 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSulphotransferases are a diverse group of enzymes catalysing the transfer of a sulfuryl group from 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulphate (PAPS) to a broad range of secondary metabolites. They exist in all kingdoms of life. InArabidopsis thaliana(L.) Heynh. twenty-two sulphotransferase (SOT) isoforms were identified. Three of those are involved in glucosinolate (Gl) biosynthesis, glycosylated sulphur-containing aldoximes containing chemically different side chains, whose break-down products are involved in stress response against herbivores, pathogens, and abiotic stress. To explain the differences in substrate specificity of desulpho (ds)-Gl SOTs and to understand the reaction mechanism of plant SOTs, we determined the first high-resolution crystal structure of the plant ds-Gl SOT AtSOT18 in complex with 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphate (PAP) alone and together with the Gl sinigrin. These new structural insights into the determination of substrate specificity were complemented by mutagenesis studies. The structure of AtSOT18 invigorates the similarity between plant and mammalian sulphotransferases, which illustrates the evolutionary conservation of this multifunctional enzyme family. We identified the essential residues for substrate binding and catalysis and demonstrated that the catalytic mechanism is conserved between human and plant enzymes. Our study indicates that the loop-gating mechanism is likely to be a source of the substrate specificity in plants.
IGF1R deficiency attenuates acute inflammatory response in a bleomycin-induced lung injury mouse model
Authors: Piñeiro-Hermida Sergio , López Icíar P. , Alfaro-Arnedo Elvira , Torrens Raquel , Iñiguez María , Alvarez-Erviti Lydia , Ruíz-Martínez Carlos , Pichel José G. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIGF1R (Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 Receptor) is a tyrosine kinase with pleiotropic cellular functions. IGF activity maintains human lung homeostasis and is implicated in pulmonary diseases such as cancer, ARDS, COPD, asthma and fibrosis. Here we report that lung transcriptome analysis in mice with a postnatally-induced Igf1r gene deletion showed differentially expressed genes with potentially protective roles related to epigenetics, redox and oxidative stress. After bleomycin-induced lung injury, IGF1R-deficient mice demonstrated improved survival within a week. Three days post injury, IGF1R-deficient lungs displayed changes in expression of IGF system-related genes and reduced vascular fragility and permeability. Mutant lungs presented reduced inflamed area, down-regulation of pro-inflammatory markers and up-regulation of resolution indicators. Decreased inflammatory cell presence in BALF was reflected in diminished lung infiltration mainly affecting neutrophils, also corroborated by reduced neutrophil numbers in bone marrow, as well as reduced lymphocyte and alveolar macrophage counts. Additionally, increased SFTPC expression together with hindered HIF1A expression and augmented levels of Gpx8 indicate that IGF1R deficiency protects against alveolar damage. These findings identify IGF1R as an important player in murine acute lung inflammation, suggesting that targeting IGF1R may counteract the inflammatory component of many lung diseases.
Oxytocin administration suppresses hypothalamic activation in response to visual food cues
Authors: van der Klaauw Agatha A. , Ziauddeen Hisham , Keogh Julia M. , Henning Elana , Dachi Sekesai , Fletcher Paul C. , Farooqi I. Sadaf 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to use functional neuroimaging to investigate whether oxytocin modulates the neural response to visual food cues in brain regions involved in the control of food intake. Twenty-four normal weight volunteers received intranasal oxytocin (24 IU) or placebo in a double-blind, randomized crossover study. Measurements were made forty-five minutes after dosing. On two occasions, functional MRI (fMRI) scans were performed in the fasted state; the blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) response to images of high-calorie foods versus low-calorie foods was measured. Given its critical role in eating behaviour, the primary region of interest was the hypothalamus. Secondary analyses examined the parabrachial nuclei and other brain regions involved in food intake and food reward. Intranasal oxytocin administration suppressed hypothalamic activation to images of high-calorie compared to low-calorie food (P = 0.0125). There was also a trend towards suppression of activation in the parabrachial nucleus (P = 0.0683). No effects of intranasal oxytocin were seen in reward circuits or on ad libitum food intake. Further characterization of the effects of oxytocin on neural circuits in the hypothalamus is needed to establish the utility of targeting oxytocin signalling in obesity.
Belowground top-down and aboveground bottom-up effects structure multitrophic community relationships in a biodiverse forest
Authors: Schuldt Andreas , Bruelheide Helge , Buscot François , Assmann Thorsten , Erfmeier Alexandra , Klein Alexandra-Maria , Ma Keping , Scholten Thomas , Staab Michael , Wirth Christian , Zhang Jiayong , Wubet Tesfaye 
Published: June 2017

AbstractEcosystem functioning and human well-being critically depend on numerous species interactions above- and belowground. However, unraveling the structure of multitrophic interaction webs at the ecosystem level is challenging for biodiverse ecosystems. Attempts to identify major relationships between trophic levels usually rely on simplified proxies, such as species diversity. Here, we propose to consider the full information on species composition across trophic levels, using Procrustes correlation and structural equation models. We show that species composition data of a highly diverse subtropical forest―with 5,716 taxa across 25 trophic groups― reveal strong interrelationships among plants, arthropods, and microorganisms, indicating complex multitrophic interactions. We found substantial support for top-down effects of microorganisms belowground, indicating important feedbacks of microbial symbionts, pathogens, and decomposers on plant communities. In contrast, aboveground pathways were characterized by bottom-up control of plants on arthropods, including many non-trophic links. Additional analyses based on diversity patterns revealed much weaker interrelationships. Our study suggests that multitrophic communities in our forest system are structured via top-down effects of belowground biota on plants, which in turn affect aboveground arthropod communities across trophic levels. Moreover, the study shows that the consequences of species loss will be more complex than indicated by studies based solely on diversity.
Korean Variant Archive (KOVA): a reference database of genetic variations in the Korean population
Authors: Lee Sangmoon , Seo Jihae , Park Jinman , Nam Jae-Yong , Choi Ahyoung , Ignatius Jason S. , Bjornson Robert D. , Chae Jong-Hee , Jang In-Jin , Lee Sanghyuk , Park Woong-Yang , Baek Daehyun , Choi Murim 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDespite efforts to interrogate human genome variation through large-scale databases, systematic preference toward populations of Caucasian descendants has resulted in unintended reduction of power in studying non-Caucasians. Here we report a compilation of coding variants from 1,055 healthy Korean individuals (KOVA; Korean Variant Archive). The samples were sequenced to a mean depth of 75x, yielding 101 singleton variants per individual. Population genetics analysis demonstrates that the Korean population is a distinct ethnic group comparable to other discrete ethnic groups in Africa and Europe, providing a rationale for such independent genomic datasets. Indeed, KOVA conferred 22.8% increased variant filtering power in addition to Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC) when used on Korean exomes. Functional assessment of nonsynonymous variant supported the presence of purifying selection in Koreans. Analysis of copy number variants detected 5.2 deletions and 10.3 amplifications per individual with an increased fraction of novel variants among smaller and rarer copy number variable segments. We also report a list of germline variants that are associated with increased tumor susceptibility. This catalog can function as a critical addition to the pre-existing variant databases in pursuing genetic studies of Korean individuals.
Danhong injection reduces vascular remodeling and up-regulates the Kallikrein-kinin system in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Authors: Yang Xiaohu , Orgah John , Wang Dandan , Fan Guanwei , Jingyang Hu , Han Jihong , Qin Gangjian , Gao Xiumei , Zhu Yan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAlthough Danhong injection (DHI) is one of the most prescribed cardiovascular medicines in China, its therapeutic indications and mechanisms remain partially defined. We now identify molecular targets of DHI in resistance vasculatures and demonstrate its role in vascular function and blood pressure (BP) regulation. BP was determined in DHI, Losartan, and placebo- treated Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) by both noninvasive and invasive measurements. Vasorelaxation was examined both in conduit and resistance vasculature by ex vivo aortic rings. Microarray analysis was performed and gene expression changes were verified by RT-qPCR and ELISA. Diastolic, systolic and mean BPs were significantly lower in DHI-treated SHR than controls by both tail-cuff and invasive BP measurements. In ex vivo rings, aortic and mesenteric vessels from SHR treated with DHI exhibited significantly greater acetylcholine-mediated relaxation. Among the 282 genes that are differentially expressed in microarray analysis, DHI treatment up-regulated the expression of kallikrein and plasma kallikrein B genes. DHI also significantly increased serum kallikrein content in SHR. Treatment with DHI significantly increased the ratio of aortic lumen to outer diameter. Therefore, the reduction of vascular remodeling and the up-regulation of Kallikrein-kinin system contribute, at least in part, to the antihypertensive effect of DHI in SHR.
Modeling Alphabet Skills as Instructive Feedback Within a Phonological Awareness Intervention
Authors: Olszewski Arnold , Soto Xigrid , Goldstein Howard 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This study evaluated the efficacy of an instructive feedback strategy for modeling letter names and sounds during presentation of positive feedback within a small-group phonological awareness intervention for preschoolers.

Method
Two experiments were conducted using multiple-baseline designs across children and behaviors. Letter name and sound identification and performance on a phonological awareness fluency measure served as the primary outcome variables. Six children completed Experiment 1. A progressive time delay was added to instructive feedback to elicit a response from the 9 children in the second experiment.

Results
In the first experiment, 6 children demonstrated gains on phonological awareness but not alphabet knowledge. With the addition of progressive time delay in the second experiment, all 9 children demonstrated gains on letter name and sound identification as well as phonological awareness skills.

Conclusions
Progressive time delay to prompt children's responses appears to bolster the effects of instructive feedback as an efficient strategy for modeling alphabet skills within a broader early literacy curriculum. Modeling alphabet skills did not detract from, and may have enhanced, phonological awareness instruction for preschoolers.
Dual‐band global positioning system antenna fed by the proximity‐inset method
Authors: Chang The‐Nan , Lin Jyun‐Ming 
Published: June 2017

A method to excite dual band for a microstrip antenna on a two‐layer substrate by combining the proximity feed and the inset feed in a simple way is presented. Both linearly polarised and circularly polarised (CP) dual‐band waves can be excited. The CP antenna consists of two stacked perturbed patches. If the lower patch were directly connected to the feed line, it is hard to form two bands. A single resonant frequency is found dependent on the size of the lower patch and is insensitive to the loading effect of the upper patch. The lower patch is inset coupled to the feed line. The authors found that two bands can easily be excited. To demonstrate the idea, a dual‐band global positioning system antenna is designed and tested. The achieved impedance bandwidths are 60 MHz centred at 1215 and 65 MHz centred at 1563 MHz. The 3 dB axial‐ratio bandwidths are 15 MHz centred at 1228 and 20 MHz centred at 1575 MHz.
A Loud, Raw and Brutal World: A Case of Ranunculus acris
Authors: Jacob Martin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe case of Ranunculus acris demonstrates the theme of the Ranunculaceae, the patient's feeling of a raw and harsh world. We see in this case a conflict in a person, where the personality of a child has to function in the world of adults, the ‘normal’ world, Iron Series with school, tasks and duties.
Messages from the Rainforest Planta Milagrosa — Synadenium grantii The Wisdom of Living and Dying
Authors: Siefert Renate 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA well-known remedy from the rainforest—Synadenium grantii from the family of Euphorbiaceae—reveals itself to us in its essence by resonant trituration. The medicine used by the shamanic healer Don Agustin in life-threatening crises arises in potentiated form also as a wise helper for someone who is faced with the question: Is the road leading back to life again, or should I say goodbye to this world? Clinical studies show impressively that ‘planta milagrosa’ the ‘miracle plant’, as it is also called, enables the soul in its innate wisdom to choose one of the two ways: the way back to a fulfilling life or the way to a reconciled dying full of light. With Synadenium grantii, the rainforest grants us a companion in our last days. It allows us to come home entirely into our own essence.
Early Markers of Angiogenesis and Ischemia during Bowel Conduit Neovascularization
Authors: Ciudad Pedro , Wong Alex , Lo Torto Federico , Li Yun-Fen , Chen Pei-Yu , Nguyen Doan-Minh , Chen Hung-Chi , Manrique Oscar 
Published: June 2017

Background Bowel flaps are a good and reliable method to restore the continuity of the aerodigestive tract. Radiated fields, contaminated recipient sites, or depleted recipient vessels may increase the risk for ischemic injury after transfer. During ischemic events, we believe that bowel conduits with serosa have a delayed neovascularization process at its new recipient site.We conducted an ischemia/reperfusion murine model to understand the difference among bowel conduits with and without serosa.
Materials and Methods Two groups of rats were compared: control group (jejunal conduit with serosa) and a target group (jejunal conduit without serosa). These conduits were harvested from the peritoneal cavity and transferred into a subcutaneous pocket. After 72 hours of transfer and pedicle ligation, histological changes related to ischemia/reperfusion were assessed. In addition, tissue markers of angiogenesis (CD34), ischemia (lactate dehydrogenase [LDH]), and inflammation (interleukin [IL]-1β and IL-6) were analyzed.
Results Two groups (n = 20) of male rats were analyzed. Histology showed intact jejunal mucosa in the target group. The control group showed decreased number of mucin, globet cells, decreased height, and fragmentation of villi with the absence of intestinal glands. Markers of angiogenesis (CD34) were higher in the target group. In addition, markers of ischemia (LDH) (p = 0.0045) and inflammation (IL-1b, p = 0.0008, and IL-6, p = 0.0008) were significantly lower in the target group as compared with the control group.
Conclusions In circumstances in which the recipient site does not offer an adequate and healthy bed or a vascular insult occurs, bowel flaps with less amount of serosa may be able to neovascularize faster thereby increasing its chances of survival.
Balloon-Assisted Transarterial Chemoembolization: A Nascent Strategy for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Kishore Sirish , Cheng Wayne , Smirniotopoulos John , Madoff David 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The majority of newly diagnosed patients are not eligible for curative options, and thus, transarterial therapies such as transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) play a central role in prolonging survival for the majority of patients with liver-confined HCC. Recent developments in microcatheter technology have allowed for increasingly localized intratumoral administration of chemotherapeutic agents as a result of lower profile catheters and occlusion balloon-catheter systems. The purpose of this review is to describe the current state of balloon-assisted transarterial chemoembolization (B-TACE), a nascent transarterial locoregional therapeutic strategy for the treatment of HCC that may confer benefit over conventional TACE (cTACE) in selected patients.
Evaluation of Cases of Abdominal Wall Endometriosis at Universidade Estadual de Campinas in a period of 10 Years
Authors: Yela Daniela Angerame , Trigo Lucas , Benetti-Pinto Cristina Laguna 
Published: June 2017

Purpose To determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE), as well as the rate and recurrence factors for the disease.
Methods A retrospective study of 52 women with AWE was performed at Universidade Estadual de Campinas from 2004 to 2014. Of the 231 surgeries performed for the diagnosis of endometriosis, 52 women were found to have abdominal wall endometriosis (AWE). The frequencies, means and standard deviations of the clinical characteristics of these women were calculated, as well as the recurrence rate of AWE. To determine the risk factors for disease recurrence, Fisher's exact test was used.
Results The mean age of the patients was 30.71 ± 5.91 years. The main clinical manifestations were pain (98%) and sensation of a mass (36.5%). We observed that 94% of these women had undergone at least 1 cesarean section, and 73% had used medication for the postoperative control of endometriosis. The lesion was most commonly located in the cesarean section scar (65%). The recurrence rate of the disease was of 26.9%. All 14 women who had relapsed had surgical margins compromised in the previous surgery. There was no correlation between recurrent AWE and a previous cesarean section (p = 0.18), previous laparotomy (p = 0.11), previous laparoscopy (p = 0.12) and postoperative hormone therapy (p = 0.51).
Conclusion Women with previous cesarean sections with local pain or lumps should be investigated for AWE. The recurrence of AWE is high, especially when the first surgery is not appropriate and leaves compromised surgical margins.
Entering the Translab
Authors: Alfer Alexa 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCollaborative translation practices have been receiving increased scholarly attention in recent years and have also given rise to attempts to conceptualise translation as an inherently collaborative phenomenon. In a parallel movement, though to a lesser extent, research from disciplines with a stake in collaborative processes has utilised translational thinking to interrogate collaboration afresh, both conceptually and practically. This paper charts the development of these two strands of research and discusses its potential, as well as the pitfalls arising from an as yet insufficiently linked-up approach between the various disciplines involved. It proposes the blended concept of ‘translaboration’ as an experimental and essentially ‘third-space’ category capable of bringing translation and collaboration into open conceptual play with one another to explore and articulate connections, comparisons, and contact zones between translation and collaboration, and to reveal the conceptual potential inherent in aligning these two concepts in both theory and practice.
Decision-making in organisations as translaborational practice
Authors: Zehrer Christiane 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Decision-making is said by researchers from many disciplines to be the outstanding characteristic of modern societies (Schimank 2005, 51–53). Yet, a decision’s consequences often seem inconceivable or even absurd to an uninvolved bystander. Sociologists call this phenomenon “decision-making under conditions of limited rationality” (Schimank 2005, 127ff.). Examples include parliamentarians passing a law ‘just’ to get it over and done with before an upcoming election; or a buyer under pressure to purchase ‘any machine tool as long as it costs under € 500,000’.
This article takes a closer look at such phenomena, utilizing an empirical, linguistic approach to decision-making and communication. It argues that the most desired options are often the hardest to convey, and the ideas that are realised are often those that are easily expressed and already well-established. This is underlined by previous findings that many institutional outcomes are shaped by momentary (instantaneous) necessities and opportunities (cf. Schimank, 2005, 27; Zehrer, 2014).
The article first gives an overview of previous studies on decision-making from different disciplines. It then sets out to explain in how far decision-making can be considered as ‘translaboration’, a new term introduced in 2015 by researchers from Westminster University in London (cf. Alfer, Cranfield, Kathrani, 2015). For the purposes of this article, the concept of ‘translaboration’ shall include first a tacit (from the addressees’ point of view) and non-deliberate (from the acting parties’ point of view) translation-like practice and, secondly, put special emphasis on the multimodal negotiation practice forming the basis of many organisational decisions. Examples from the economic world and politics will be used to demonstrate what the ‘translaboration’ concept means, and how a method rooted in it can reveal practices of organisational decision-making.
Translation as a metaphoric traveller across disciplines
Authors: Zwischenberger Cornelia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTranslation, as a concept, may be regarded as a prototype of a ‘travelling concept’ as it has travelled to numerous disciplines in recent years. Therefore, a ‘translational turn’ was proclaimed for the humanities, cultural studies, and social sciences (cf.Bachmann-Medick 2007,2009).Outside of translation studies, the use of the translation concept is not bound to “translation proper” (Jakobson 1959, 232) or to the way in which the concept is used and defined in translation studies. Consequently, ‘translation’ is usually used as a very broad metaphor in translation studies’ neighbouring disciplines and fields of research. This mobility shows the potential and high polysemantic value of the translation concept. What we are missing, however, is a ‘translaboration’ between translation studies and the various other disciplines that employ translation studies’ master concept.The paper will illustrate the background of the translational turn and the rise of the notion of ‘cultural translation’ as well as the deployment of the translation category in organisation studies and sociology. It will thus limit itself to examples from cultural studies and the social sciences. The paper’s aim is to revise and dispel some of the misconceptions held against translation proper and the discipline of translation studies, thereby showing that translation studies has the conceptual and theoretical grounding to be the leading discipline for the unfolding of a translational turn outside its disciplinary borders. Furthermore, the paper will show the common ground for a translaboration from which both translation studies and its neighbouring disciplines could ultimately benefit.