bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shared care involving cancer specialists and primary care providers – What do cancer survivors want?
Authors: Lawn Sharon , Fallon‐Ferguson Julia , Koczwara Bogda 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundCancer survivors are living longer, prompting greater focus on managing cancer as a chronic condition. Shared care between primary care providers (PCPs) and cancer specialists, involving explicit partnership in how care is communicated, could ensure effective transitions between services. However, little is known about cancer patients' and survivors' preferences regarding shared care.ObjectiveTo explore Australian cancer survivors' views on shared care: what cancer survivors need from shared care; enablers and barriers to advancing shared care; and what successful shared care looks like.Setting and ParticipantsCommunity forum held in Adelaide, Australia, in 2015 with 21 participants: 11 cancer survivors, 2 family caregivers, and 8 clinicians and researchers (members of PC4‐Primary Care Collaborative Cancer Clinical Trials Group).InterventionQualitative data from group discussion of the objectives.ResultsParticipants stressed that successful shared care required patients being at the centre, ensuring accurate communication, ownership, and access to their medical records. PCPs were perceived to lack skills and confidence to lead complex cancer care. Patients expressed burden in being responsible for navigating information sharing and communication processes between health professionals and services. Effective shared care should include: shared electronic health records, key individuals as care coordinators; case conferences; shared decision making; preparing patients for self‐management; building general practitioners' skills; and measuring outcomes.Discussion and ConclusionsThere was clear support for shared care but a lack of good examples to help guide it for this population. Recognizing cancer as a chronic condition requires a shift in how care is provided to these patients.
Change in oral health status associated with menopause in Japanese dental hygienists
Authors: Yoshida N , Sugimoto K , Suzuki S , Kudo H 
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectivesOral symptoms such as xerostomia and burning mouth syndrome have been recognized to increase associated with menopause. The purpose of this study was to clarify the changes in oral health as well as systemic health due to menopause and their relations with hormonal change and mental status.MethodsNinety‐seven female dental hygienists aged 40‐59 years were assigned to premenopausal, menopausal and post‐menopausal groups based on self‐reported menstrual condition. Subjective health statuses were evaluated by questionnaire, and objective holistic and oral statuses were evaluated by measuring serum 17β‐estradiol (E2), salivary flow rate, α‐amylase and secretory IgA (SIgA) and taste sensitivity.ResultsA significant difference among the three groups was observed in the self‐rating questionnaire of depression (SRQ‐D) score and serum E2 level as well as unstimulated salivary flow rate, whereas no significant difference was observed in Simplified menopausal index, Short‐Form 36‐Item Health Survey, General Oral Health Assessment Index, salivary α‐amylase activity, salivary SIgA concentration and taste threshold. Serum E2 levels positively correlated with unstimulated salivary flow rates and negatively correlated with SRQ‐D scores and α‐amylase activities.ConclusionsThe results demonstrated a negative correlation between E2 levels and SRQ‐D scores as well as salivary α‐amylase activities, suggesting an influence of E2 on mental condition. Furthermore, E2 decrease may result in reduction of salivary flow which in turn causes various problems of oral health. Since the participants were graduates from several dental hygienist schools and working at various places, these results can be generalized to Japanese dental hygienists to some extent.
Green apparel buying behaviour: A study on Indian youth
Authors: Khare Arpita , Sadachar Amrut 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChanges in demographics and availability of global clothing brands have brought several changes in Indian apparel industry. Green or organic clothing brands are becoming popular among Indians and likely to contribute to the revenues of apparel sector. Global and national apparel manufacturers have introduced organic clothing lines to cater to ecological conscious consumers. The purpose of this research was to examine the effect of consumer susceptibility to interpersonal influence (CSII), past green behaviour, green peer influence and green apparel knowledge on Indian youth's green apparel buying behaviour. A mix of convenience and random sampling was used for data collection. The sample (n = 981) comprised of youth of age group 18–24 years. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesized relationships. Findings suggest that past green behaviour influenced green apparel buying behaviour. Green peer influence and green apparel knowledge had no impact on green apparel buying behaviour. Moreover, CSII had no influence on green apparel buying behaviour. The findings differ from earlier studies that suggest influence of social norms and peer group had an effect on green buying behaviour. Practical implications of the present study are discussed.
Virtual trade between separated time zones and growth
Authors: Marjit Sugata , Mandal Biswajit 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to propose a model where trade has a direct and positive impact on growth rate of two trading nations beyond the level effect. We use the idea of virtual trade in intermediates induced by non‐overlapping time zones and show how trade can increase the equilibrium optimal rate of growth. In this structure the trade impact goes beyond the level effect and directly causes growth. Typically standard models of trade cannot generate an automatic growth impact. Virtual trade may allow production to continue uninterrupted in separated time zones such as between the USA and India, and that can lead to higher growth for both countries. Later we extend the model to incorporate the accumulation of skills which becomes necessary for sustaining steady state growth.
Student loans: When is risk sharing desirable?
Authors: Eckwert Bernhard , Zilcha Itzhak 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn higher education, pure credit market funding leads to underinvestment due to insufficient risk pooling, while pure income‐contingent loan funding leads to overinvestment. We analyze whether funding diversity –a market structure in which credit markets coexist alongside income‐contingent loan funding –might restore efficiency of the educational investment process. In the absence of government intervention, we find that funding diversity improves pooling of individual income risks and, under some condition, leads to higher social welfare than pure credit market funding. If combined with a policy that restricts access to higher education, funding diversity even achieves full investment efficiency and strictly dominates credit market funding.
Relaxing quality differentiation through capacity limitation: A note
Authors: Wauthy Xavier Y. , Boccard Nicolas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe consider a duopoly stage game where an incumbent sells a high‐quality product while enjoying an ample production capacity. We study the quality–capacity best response of an entrant, before price competition takes place. We partially characterize equilibrium prices and payoffs in the corresponding Bertrand–Edgeworth pricing games and show that the entrant tends to rely exclusively on capacity limitation in a subgame perfect equilibrium, thereby showing that vertical differentiation is not robust to Bertrand–Edgeworth competition.
Knowledge and expectations of direct support professionals towards effects of psychotropic drug use in people with intellectual disabilities
Authors: de Kuijper Gerda , van der Putten Annette A. J. 
Published: May 2017

Background/IntroductionIn this study, we investigated intellectual disability support professionals’ knowledge and expectations towards effects of psychotropic drug use on behaviour and drug use in their clients, because shortcomings may lead to misinterpretations of behavioural symptoms and inappropriate drug use.MethodsTwo self‐designed questionnaires were used to measure the knowledge and expectations of 194 support professionals in 14 residential facilities regarding psychotropic drug use and effects of antipsychotics on behavioural, cognitive and mental functioning of people with intellectual disability. The psychometric properties of both questionnaires were adequate.ResultsA majority of the professionals had unrealistic expectations regarding the positive effects of antipsychotics on cognitive and behavioural functioning, and 94% scored below the cut‐off scores regarding knowledge; 60% indicated they needed education and training.ConclusionsTo achieve sufficient collaboration of intellectual disability support professionals in reducing inappropriate psychotropic drug use of clients, vocational educational training is needed.
Perceptions of learning effectiveness in M‐learning: scale development and student awareness
Authors: Chang Wen‐Hui , Liu Yuan‐Chen , Huang Tzu‐Hua 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to develop a multi‐dimensional scale to measure students' awareness of key competencies for M‐learning and to test its reliability and validity. The Key Competencies of Mobile Learning Scale (KCMLS) was determined via confirmatory factor analysis to have four dimensions: team collaboration, creative thinking, critical thinking and problem solving, and communication. The research subjects are 815 students from the elementary school that participate in M‐learning programme in Taiwan. The research results show that students have better self‐awareness in team collaboration and creative thinking, but have worse self‐awareness in critical thinking and problem solving. This study also found that there was no significant difference between genders in the KCMLS, but students who study in the schools that committed in M‐learning longer have higher awareness in all dimensions than students who study in the schools that committed to M‐learning in fewer years.
Prediction of optimal cardiac resynchronization by vectors extracted from electrograms in dyssynchronous canine hearts
Authors: Engels Elien B. , Strik Marc , van Middendorp Lars B. , Kuiper Marion , Vernooy Kevin , Prinzen Frits W. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIntroductionProper optimization of atrioventricular (AV) and interventricular (VV) intervals can improve the response to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT). It has been demonstrated that the area of the QRS complex (QRSarea) extracted from the vectorcardiogram can be used as a predictor of optimal CRT‐device settings. We explored the possibility of extracting vectors from the electrograms (EGMs) obtained from pacing electrodes and of using these EGM‐based vectors (EGMVs) to individually optimize acute hemodynamic CRT response.Methods and resultsBiventricular pacing was performed in 13 dogs with left bundle branch block (LBBB) of which five also had myocardial infarction (MI), using 100 randomized AV‐ and VV‐settings. Settings providing an acute increase in LV dP/dtmax ≥ 90% of the highest achieved value were defined as optimal. The prediction capability of QRSarea derived from the EGMV (EGMV‐QRSarea) was compared with that of QRS duration. EGMV‐QRSarea strongly correlated to the change in LV dP/dtmax (R = −0.73 ± 0.19 [LBBB] and −0.66 ± 0.14 [LBBB + MI]), while QRS duration was more poorly related to LV dP/dtmax changes (R = −0.33 ± 0.25 [LBBB] and −0.47 ± 0.39 [LBBB + MI]). This resulted in a better prediction of optimal CRT‐device settings by EGMV‐QRSarea than by QRS duration (LBBB: AUC = 0.89 [0.86–0.93] vs. 0.76 [0.69–0.83], P < 0.01; LBBB + MI: AUC = 0.91 [0.84–0.99] vs. 0.82 [0.59–1.00], P = 0.20, respectively).ConclusionIn canine hearts with chronic LBBB with or without MI, the EGMV‐QRSarea predicts acute hemodynamic CRT response and identifies optimal AV and VV settings accurately. These data support the potency of EGM‐based vectors as a noninvasive, easy and patient‐tailored tool to optimize CRT‐device settings.
Prehospital notification for major trauma patients requiring emergency hospital transport: A systematic review
Authors: Synnot Anneliese , Karlsson Adrian , Brichko Lisa , Chee Melissa , Fitzgerald Mark , Misra Mahesh C , Howard Teresa , Mathew Joseph , Rotter Thomas , Fiander Michelle , Gruen Russell L , Gupta Amit , Dharap Satish , Fahey Madonna , Stephenson Michael , O'Reilly Gerard , Cameron Peter , Mitra Biswadev ,   on behalf of the Australia‐India Trauma System Collaboration
Published: May 2017

AbstractObjectiveThis systematic review aimed to determine the effect of prehospital notification systems for major trauma patients on overall (<30 days) and early (<24 hours) mortality, hospital reception, and trauma team presence (or equivalent) on arrival, time to critical interventions, and length of hospital stay.MethodsExperimental and observational studies of prehospital notification compared with no notification or another type of notification in major trauma patients requiring emergency transport were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane ACROBAT‐NRSI tool. A narrative synthesis was conducted and evidence quality rated using the GRADE criteria.ResultsThree observational studies of 72,423 major trauma patients were included. All were conducted in high‐income countries in hospitals with established trauma services, with two studies undertaking retrospective analysis of registry data. Two studies reported overall mortality, one demonstrating a reduction in mortality; (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 0.61, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.39 to 0.94, 72,073 participants); and the other demonstrating a nonsignificant change (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.23 to 1.64, 81 participants). The quality of this evidence was rated as very low.ConclusionLimited research on the topic constrains conclusive evidence on the effect of prehospital notification on patient‐centered outcomes after severe trauma. Composite interventions that combine prehospital notification with effective actions on arrival to hospital such as trauma bay availability, trauma team presence, and early access to definitive management may provide more robust evidence towards benefits of early interventions during trauma reception and resuscitation.
Latent Tuberculosis Infection Testing Practices in Long‐Term Care Facilities, Boston, Massachusetts
Authors: Reddy Divya , Walker Jacob , White Laura F. , Brandeis Gary H. , Russell Matthew L. , Horsburgh Charles R. , Hochberg Natasha S. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo describe latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) testing practices in long‐term care facilities (LTCFs).DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingThree Boston‐area LTCFs.ParticipantsResidents admitted between January 1 and December 31, 2011.MeasurementsResident demographic characteristics, comorbidities, LTCF stay, and LTBI testing and treatment.ResultsData for 291 LTCF residents admitted in 2011 were reviewed. Of the 257 without a history of LTBI and with documentation of testing, 162 (63%) were tested; 114 of 186 (61%) with a stay less than 90 days and 48 of 71 (68%) with a stay of 90 days or longer were tested. Of 196 residents with data on prior LTBI testing, 39 (19.9%) had LTBI; 12 of these (30.8%) were diagnosed at the LTCF. Hispanic participants were more likely than black participants to undergo LTBI testing (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.4, P = .003). Having a length of stay of less than 90 days (aOR = 0.7, P < .001) and history of illicit drug use (aOR = 0.7, P < .001) were associated with lower odds of LTBI testing.ConclusionOne‐fifth of LTCF residents had LTBI, but testing was not always performed. The high prevalence of LTBI in older adults combined with the risk of an outbreak if a case of tuberculosis occurs in a LTCF make LTBI testing and treatment an important prevention opportunity. The importance of LTBI testing in LTCFs needs to be reinforced.
Opioids and Other Central Nervous System–Active Polypharmacy in Older Adults in the United States
Authors: Gerlach Lauren B. , Olfson Mark , Kales Helen C. , Maust Donovan T. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo determine patterns of and trends in contributions to central nervous system (CNS) polypharmacy, defined by the Beers Criteria as three or more CNS‐active medications of each medication class, of adults aged 65 and older seen in U.S. outpatient medical practices.DesignNational Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (2004–2013).SettingU.S. outpatient medical care.ParticipantsVisits by older adults to outpatient physicians (N = 97,910).MeasurementsVisits including three or more CNS medications including antipsychotics, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine benzodiazepine receptor agonist hypnotics (NBRAs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and opioids. The proportion of CNS polypharmacy that each medication class contributed during 2011 to 2013 was determined, and then logistic regression was used to determine trends from 2004 to 2013 in the contribution of individual medication classes to such polypharmacy.ResultsOf recent CNS polypharmacy visits, 76.2% included an opioid, and 61.8% included a benzodiazepine; 66.0% of the polypharmacy visits with benzodiazepines included opioids, and 53.3% of the polypharmacy visits with opioids included benzodiazepines. Between 2011 and 2013, opioid and benzodiazepine co‐prescribing occurred at approximately 1.50 million visits (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.23–1.78 million) annually. From 2004 (reference) to 2013, the proportion of polypharmacy visits with opioids rose from 69.6% to 76.2% (adjusted odds ratio = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.19–3.91, P = .01), and the corresponding proportion that included benzodiazepines fell. Of the polypharmacy visits, the odds of SSRI, NBRA, and antipsychotic use were unchanged, and that of TCAs decreased.ConclusionIn older adults, opioid use appears to be largely driving the recent national increase in CNS polypharmacy. Although concomitant use of opioids and benzodiazepines is associated with greater mortality, they are the most common contributors to CNS polypharmacy in older adults.
Sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1C knockout mice show altered neuroactive steroid levels in sciatic nerve
Authors: Mitro Nico , Cermenati Gaia , Audano Matteo , Giatti Silvia , Pesaresi Marzia , Pedretti Silvia , Spezzano Roberto , Caruso Donatella , Melcangi Roberto Cosimo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNeuroactive steroid levels are altered in several experimental models of peripheral neuropathy, and on this basis, they have been proposed as protective agents. For the first time, the levels of these molecules were assessed here in sterol regulatory element binding protein ‐1c knock‐out male mice (i.e., an experimental model of peripheral neuropathy) and compared with observations in wild type animals. The levels of neuroactive steroids have been evaluated by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry in plasma and sciatic nerve at 2 and 10 months of age and these analyses were implemented analyzing the gene expression of crucial steroidogenic enzymes in sciatic nerve. Data obtained at 2 months of age showed high levels of pregnenolone in sciatic nerve, associated with low levels of its first metabolite, progesterone, and further metabolites (i.e., 5α‐pregnane‐3,20‐dione and 5α‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one). High levels of testosterone and 17β‐estradiol were also observed. At 10 months of age, the neuroactive steroid profile showed some differences. Indeed, low levels of pregnenolone and high levels of 5α‐pregnan‐3α‐ol‐20‐one and 5α‐pregnan‐3β‐ol‐20‐one were observed. The analysis of the gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes considered here generally followed these changes. Interestingly, the levels of pregnenolone and progesterone were unmodified in plasma suggesting a specific effect of sterol regulatory element binding protein‐1c on neurosteroidogenesis. Because this peripheral neuropathy is due to altered fatty acid biosynthesis, data reported here support the belief that the cross‐talk between this biosynthetic pathway and neuroactive steroids may represent a possible therapeutic strategy for peripheral neuropathy.
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Impacts of temperature and lunar day on gene expression profiles during a monthly reproductive cycle in the brooding coral Pocillopora damicornis
Authors: Crowder Camerron M. , Meyer Eli , Fan Tung‐Yung , Weis Virginia M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractReproductive timing in brooding corals has been correlated to temperature and lunar irradiance, but the mechanisms by which corals transduce these environmental variables into molecular signals are unknown. To gain insight into these processes, global gene expression profiles in the coral Pocillopora damicornis were examined (via RNA‐Seq) across lunar phases and between temperature treatments, during a monthly planulation cycle. The interaction of temperature and lunar day together had the largest influence on gene expression. Mean timing of planulation, which occurred at lunar days 7.4 and 12.5 for 28‐ and 23°C‐treated corals, respectively, was associated with an upregulation of transcripts in individual temperature treatments. Expression profiles of planulation‐associated genes were compared between temperature treatments, revealing that elevated temperatures disrupted expression profiles associated with planulation. Gene functions inferred from homologous matches to online databases suggest complex neuropeptide signalling, with calcium as a central mediator, acting through tyrosine kinase and G protein‐coupled receptor pathways. This work contributes to our understanding of coral reproductive physiology and the impacts of environmental variables on coral reproductive pathways.
A spatial temporal analysis of the Fusarium graminearum transcriptome during symptomless and symptomatic wheat infection
Authors: Brown Neil A. , Evans Jess , Mead Andrew , Hammond‐Kosack Kim E. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryFusarium head blight of wheat is one of the most serious and hazardous crop diseases worldwide. Here, a transcriptomic investigation of Fusarium graminearum reveals a new model for symptomless and symptomatic wheat infection. The predicted metabolic state and secretome of F. graminearum were distinct within symptomless and symptomatic wheat tissues. Transcripts for genes involved in the biosynthesis of the mycotoxin, deoxynivalenol, plus other characterized and putative secondary metabolite clusters increased in abundance in symptomless tissue. Transcripts encoding for genes of distinct groups of putative secreted effectors increased within either symptomless or symptomatic tissue. Numerous pathogenicity‐associated gene transcripts and transcripts representing PHI‐base mutations that impacted on virulence increased in symptomless tissue. In contrast, hydrolytic carbohydrate‐active enzyme (CAZyme) and lipase gene transcripts exhibited a different pattern of expression, resulting in elevated transcript abundance during the development of disease symptoms. Genome‐wide comparisons with existing datasets confirmed that, within the wheat floral tissue, at a single time point, different phases of infection co‐exist, which are spatially separated and reminiscent of both early and late infection. This study provides novel insights into the combined spatial temporal coordination of functionally characterized and hypothesized virulence strategies.