bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Archaeogenetics of Late Iron Age Çemialo Sırtı, Batman: Investigating maternal genetic continuity in North Mesopotamia since the Neolithic
Authors: Yaka Reyhan , Birand Ayşegül , Yılmaz Yasemin , Caner Ceren , Açan Sinan Can , Gündüzalp Sidar , Parvizi Poorya , Özdoğan Aslı Erim , Togan Zehra İnci , Somel Mehmet 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNorth Mesopotamia has witnessed dramatic political and social change since the Bronze Age, but the impact of these events on its demographic history is little understood. Here we study this question by analysing the recently excavated Late Iron Age settlement of Çemialo Sırtı in Batman, southeast Turkey. Archaeological and/or radiocarbon evidence indicate that the site was inhabited during two main periods: the first half of the 2nd millennium BCE and the first millennium BCE. Çemialo Sırtı reveals nomadic items of the Early Iron Age, as well as items associated with the Late Achaemenid and subsequent Hellenistic Periods. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes from 12 Çemialo Sırtı individuals reveal high genetic diversity in this population, conspicuously higher than early Holocene west Eurasian populations, which supports the notion of increasing population admixture in west Eurasia through the Holocene. Still, in its mtDNA composition, Çemialo Sırtı shows highest affinity to Neolithic north Syria and Neolithic Anatolia among ancient populations studied, and to modern-day southwest Asian populations. Population genetic simulations do not reject continuity between Neolithic and Iron Age, nor between Iron Age and present-day populations of the region. Despite the region’s complex political history and indication for increased genetic diversity over time, we find no evidence for sharp shifts in north Mesopotamian maternal genetic composition within the last 10,000 years.
Response of oriental xerophytes to the occidental industrial revolution
Authors: Manafzadeh Sara , Staedler Yannick M. , Moazzeni Hamid , Masson David , Schönenberger Jürg , Conti Elena 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSince the Industrial Revolution, human activities have contributed substantially to climate change, by adding CO2to the atmosphere, especially since the mid-20thcentury (the “Great Acceleration”). Climatic change does not have the same impact on different regions of the Earth, neither in the recorded past, nor in models of the future. Therefore, to anticipate on these changes, we need to understand and be able to predict the possible responses of the different regional vegetations of the world to these changes, and most significantly to increased drought conditions. The aim of this study is to understand the response of the xerophytes of the immense oriental Irano-Turanian bioregion to post-industrial global warming and to compare it with the response of the xerophytes of the neighbouring occidental Mediterranean bioregion. We measured stomata index and stomata density from 83 herbarium sheets (coll. 1821-2014) from species of the non-succulent xerophyte,Haplophyllum. We tested for differences before and after the “Great Acceleration” in both bioregions. SI decreased in the occidental species (significant only for abaxial leaf side), whereas SI significantly increased in the oriental species (both sides). We suggest that changes in both occidental and oriental species are linked to atmospheric CO2due to the different constraints that act on their growth. In light-limited occidental species, atmospheric CO2caused the stomata index decrease, whereas in the predominantly water-limited oriental species, increased drought stress and temperature (climatic change) caused stomata index increase. In conclusion, we propose that whereas atmospheric CO2directly caused a decrease in stomata index in occidental xerophytes, it indirectly caused an increase in stomata index in oriental xerophytesviaclimate change (increase in aridity, drought stress, and temperature). This study highlights the considerable potential of research based on historical herbarium collections to answer ecological questions, especially regarding climatic change.
Genetic screen suggests an alternative mechanism for azide-mediated inhibition of SecA
Authors: Chandler Rachael , Jamshad Mohammed , Yule Jack , Robinson Ashley , Alam Farhana , Dunne Karl A. , Nabi Naomi , Henderson Ian , Huber Damon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSodium azide prevents bacterial growth by inhibiting the activity of SecA, which is required for translocation of proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Azide inhibits ATP turnoverin vitro, but its mechanism of actionin vivois unclear. To investigate how azide inhibits SecA in cells, we used transposon directed insertion-site sequencing (TraDIS) to screen a library of transposon insertion mutants for mutations that affect the susceptibility ofE. colito azide. Insertions disrupting components of the Sec machinery generally increased susceptibility to azide, but insertions truncating the C-terminal tail (CTT) of SecA decreased susceptibility ofE. colito azide. Treatment of cells with azide caused increased aggregation of the CTT, suggesting that azide disrupts its structure. Analysis of the metal-ion content of the CTT indicated that SecA binds to iron and the azide disrupts the interaction of the CTT with iron. Azide also disrupted binding of SecA to membrane phospholipids, as did alanine substitutions in the metal-coordinating amino acids. Furthermore, treating purified phospholipid-bound SecA with azide in the absence of added nucleotide disrupted binding of SecA to phospholipids. Our results suggest that azide does not inhibit SecA by inhibiting the rate of ATP turnoverin vivo. Rather, azide inhibits SecA by causing it to “backtrack” from the ADP-bound to the ATP-bound conformation, which disrupts the interaction of SecA with the cytoplasmic membrane.Significance statementSecA is a bacterial ATPase that is required for the translocation of a subset of secreted proteins across the cytoplasmic membrane. Sodium azide is a well-known inhibitor of SecA, but its mechanism of actionin vivois poorly understood. To investigate this mechanism, we examined the effect of azide on the growth of a library of ∼1 million transposon insertion mutations. Our results suggest that azide causes SecA to backtrack in its ATPase cycle, which disrupts binding of SecA to the membrane and to its metal cofactor, which is iron. Our results provide insight into the molecular mechanism by which SecA drives protein translocation and how this essential biological process can be disrupted.
Bankaool Bank: architecting an online-only financial brand
Authors: Reyes-Mercado Pável 
Published: August 2017

Subject area
Marketing of financial products.

Study level/applicability
Graduate level. Occasionally, for undergraduate students with a strong background on branding strategies and strategic analysis. Applicable to analyze how companies can improve their branding strategies in highly regulated industries.

Case overview
In 2016, Claire Solís was discussing with her team the paths to ignite growth and brand awareness of the only digital bank in Mexico. To better position the brand on the Mexican financial market, Bankaool had decided to go 100 per cent online, a branch-less institution. The case presents a condensed history of banking and the shifts in digital consumer behavior. As the case continues, Bankaool products are introduced along with some concerns to keep the business going, particularly, regarding the bank’s health and further growth. The newly appointed CMO and her team have to decide next steps to boost product growth just before the Fintech industry grows more mature and competitive – a scenario of more complex decisions. While they reckoned the potential of Bankaool in sales for the short term, they also need a strategy to position the Bankaool brand in the long term while they struggle with a need to accelerate growth and generate a return for investors.

Expected learning outcomes
To understand the launching of a new bank in the digital arena. To understand consumer behavior in a setting of increasingly higher digital coverage and diffusion of smart devices. To recognize that brand value goes well beyond product development and launch. To gain awareness on the perks and perils of a digital-only bank.

Supplementary materials
Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes.

Subject code
CSS 8: Marketing.
Private label brands: a relationship perspective
Authors: Sutton-Brady Catherine , Taylor Tom , Kamvounias Patty 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The Australian supermarket industry has long been dominated by two players – Coles and Woolworths. Most recently this dominance has increased significantly and the “Big 2” have used their power more effectively and have introduced an ever-increasing number of “private label” products on supermarket shelves. This study aims to investigate the effect these products have had on the relationship between the supermarkets (buyers) and their suppliers.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative study used in-depth, high engagement interviews with a range of suppliers. An extensive data analysis process was carried out to ensure the coding of the key insights into themes, which helped to answer the aims and objectives of the research.

Findings
A key contribution of this study has been to highlight the ability of supermarket chains to increase existing dominance by using their ever-increasing private label brand portfolio. The findings indicate an uncertain future for food suppliers, with the situation likely to continue to worsen further as the supermarkets continue to exercise and abuse their power.

Originality/value
This paper’s main contribution lies in providing a greater understanding of the significance of the effect of private labels on relationships and the implications of these effects. The impact of the supermarket dominance on innovation is especially interesting, given that this has not been previously discussed in the literature. Additionally, the deterioration in trust is significant in this context and to an extent that is rarely seen.
Why and how are social media used in a B2B context, and which stakeholders are involved?
Authors: Andersson Svante , Wikström Niclas 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This study aims to explore why and how business-to-business (B2B) companies use social media and which users and stakeholders they communicate with.

Design/methodology/approach
The study employs a case study approach because of its exploratory nature. Data from three companies consisted of interviews and observation of websites. The analysis includes within-case and cross-case displays to find patterns and themes in the data.

Findings
The study shows that companies in a B2B contexts use social media as communication to enhance customer relationships, support sales and build their brands, in line with prior research. However, they also use social media as a recruiting tool, a seeking tool and a product information and service tool.

Research limitations/implications
The findings confirm extant literature showing that B2B companies can directly influence content through corporate user accounts. Furthermore, firms in early stages of social media do not target any special stakeholders with broader messages, while more experienced social media users develop special messages for different stakeholders.

Practical implications
This study contributes by shedding light on how B2B companies use social media. It also shows how different channels are effective with different stakeholders.

Originality/value
Few studies have investigated the use of social media in a B2B context. This study goes beyond prior work by detailing how different social media tools are used, identifying different users and stakeholders, and explaining why different tools are used for different purposes targeted towards different stakeholders. New applications of the use of social media are also identified.
A conceptual framework for successful salesperson role change management
Authors: Oh Joon-Hee 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
This study aims to provide a conceptual framework on salesperson role change process and, based on the framework, builds propositions to assist future empirical research in business-to-business sales force management and to help sales organizations better understand the changing salesperson role and successfully redesign their sales model.

Design/methodology/approach
This study reviews and discusses the dynamics observed in the current marketplace and uses appraisal theory to claim that salesperson role change is individual salesperson’s affective decision and subsequent action after a cognitive appraisal of surrounding environmental changes. To support, this study presents a dichotomous classification on salesperson role and presents salesperson role change process that shows individual salespersons’ decision selectively made in the process.

Findings
Salesperson role change is individual salesperson’s affective decision and subsequent action after a cognitive appraisal of surrounding environmental changes. The role change is individual salespersons’ decision selectively made in their role change process. In the process, they either replicate or transform their (prior) experience for learning and skill changes that subsequently change their role. The individual-led role change may not be found in every salesperson.

Originality/value
Advancing the traditional view on the evolving role of salespeople, this study holds a view for both unchanging and changing nature of salesperson roles. This study uses appraisal theory to show how salespeople make an adaptive decision based on the evoked emotions to change (or not to change) their roles. Unlike the earlier frameworks, the current salesperson role change process shows how individual salespersons opt to change their roles.
Accounting-marketing integration dimensions and antecedents: insights from a frontier market
Authors: Opute Abdullah Promise , Madichie Nnamdi O. 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to evaluate the working relationship between accounting and marketing, exploring the nature and antecedents of their integration and consequences on firm performance.Design/methodology/approachThe methodological approach in this study is twofold. First, a review of literature is used to identify core antecedents in the body of literature. Subsequently, four exploratory case studies were used in examining the antecedents of accounting–marketing integration from a frontier market perspective.FindingsThis study identifies information sharing and involvement as core elements of accounting–marketing integration; cultural diversity and management mechanisms (policy, structural and procedural justice) as antecedents of accounting–marketing integration; and country of origin as a mediating factor on the extent of association of some variables on their integration. Finally, this study establishes that there is a positive association between accounting–marketing integration and organisational performance.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has two major limitations. First, it is qualitative and based on a review of literature and evidence from four case studies. Second, it explored only the less developed country context. Future research should, therefore, aim to address these gaps.Practical implicationsThis study draws attention to the fact that accounting and marketing are culturally diverse, and strategic managerial mechanisms must be used to maintain a relevant and effective level of information sharing and involvement towards enhancing organisational performance.Originality/valueUsing exploratory case studies to support the development of a framework, the authors contend that organisations would optimise organisational performance if due attention is given to both information sharing and involvement dimensions of integration, as well as appropriate managerial mechanisms adopted in managing their relationship.
Measuring the value variation of a service system: a Markov-switching model estimation
Authors: Hsieh Yen-Hao , Chen Wei-Ting 
Published: August 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to create a value variation measurement model to define the relationship among various roles in resource management within a service system; and divide value creation into two states (i.e. cocreation and codestruction) and use them as crucial indicators for value variation by adopting the service-dominant logic and using the Markov switching model.Design/methodology/approachThis study proposed that variations in value are similar to changes in economy because both are abstract, indefinable and not easy to identify. Therefore, this study used the Markov switching model to define the state of value through value cocreation and codestruction; analyze value variations in a service system; and provide a numerical evaluation method by using the concept of probability to depict state transitions. In addition, open data from the Kaohsiung City Government’s 1999 call center were collected to address the aforementioned research objectives. The 1999 call center (service provider) offers citizens (customers) efficient consultant services to help them solve problems regarding the city government’s affairs or policies. Thus, this call center can be considered a complex service system.FindingsThis study revealed that the call center can utilize the analysis results of the Markov switching model on answer rates to predict service quality patterns. In addition, most first call resolution rates occurred under State 1 (value cocreation). To address problems caused by accidental or rare events, the call center should formulate policies to increase people and technical resources and improve service system effectiveness.Originality/valueEnterprises currently focus on catering to customers’ needs and offering services through comprehensive service procedures to sustainably generate multiple values for customers, helping them to create values. Previous studies have mostly focused on analyzing the values of a service system and have failed to extensively explore actual value variations. Thus, the value variation measurement model proposed in the present study was able to analyze value variations of a set of call center data and illustrate value variations by using state transitions.
Constructive business advice? Different trajectories between family businesses and startups
Authors: Ljungkvist Torbjörn 
Published: August 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the verbal content and its impact on panel-based business advice meetings (springboards) for family business owners and startup entrepreneurs. Further, the study also investigates how panel-based advising assists entrepreneurship.

Design/methodology/approach
The investigated springboards concern family business owners who run established firms and startup entrepreneurs who are applying for venture capital. Data from 12 different springboards are collected and studied by content analysis.

Findings
The outcomes indicate that advising is more constructive for the family business owners than for the startup entrepreneurs. This can mainly be explained by the rational screening that follows the business plan concept and group dynamics which appear in these meetings.

Research limitations/implications
The study was conducted in Sweden and concerns Swedish family business owners and startup entrepreneurs. It reveals different speech patterns that appear during organized advice-giving and its implications depending on the type of entrepreneur.

Practical implications
This study provides potential input to change the institutional practice of panel-based business advice, which will likely support entrepreneurs in their business development and network building.

Originality/value
This study is the first to investigate the verbal content in panel-based business advice for family business owners. Further, it provides a deeper understanding of the institutionalized conditions that this kind of advising builds on.
Behavior of ASTM A325 bolts under simulated fire conditions: experimental investigation
Authors: Shrih Ali , Rahman Adeeb , Mahamid Mustafa 
Published: August 2017

PurposeHeavy hex structural bolts have been used in a wide range of steel structures for many years. However, these structures remain susceptible to fire damage. Conducting fire experiments on full-scale steel structures is costly and requires specialized equipment. The main purpose of this research is to test, analyze and predict the behavior of ASTM A325 bolts under tension loading in simulated fire conditions and develop a reliable finite element model that can predict the response of similar bolts without the need for repeated testing.Design/methodology/approachThe experimental work was conducted at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, where an electric furnace was custom-built to test a bolted specimen in tension under elevated temperatures. A transient-state testing method was adopted to perform a group of tests on 12.7 mm (½”) – diameter A325 bolts. The tests were divided into two groups: the first one was used to calibrate the equipment and choose a final testing arrangement and the second group, consisting of four identical tests, was used to validate a finite element model.FindingsThe temperature-displacement and load-displacement response was recorded. The tested bolts exhibited a ductile fracture in which a cup-and-cone shaped failure surface was formed in the threaded section at the root of the nut. ASTM A325 bolts are widely used by engineers in building and bridge construction, the results of this research enable engineers to determine the behavior and strength of ASTM A325 bolts when such bolts when exposed to fire event.Research limitations/implicationsStructural bolts are used to connect structural members, and they are part of structural assembly. To study the behavior of the bolts, the bolts only were investigated in a fire simulated in a furnace. The bolts studied were not part of a structural assembly.Practical implicationsThe results of this study enable engineers to evaluate the condition of ASTM A325 bolts when subjected to fire loading.Originality valueTests were conducted at the University of Wisconsin – Milwaukee’s structures laboratory to study the effect of fire on an ASTM A325 bolts. Many tests under fire loading have been performed by researchers on different components of steel structures, this study focuses on studying the behavior of ASTM A325 bolts which are widely used in the USA.