bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valproic acid (VPA) enhances cisplatin sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer cells via HDAC2 mediated down regulation of ABCA1
Authors: Chen Jian-Hui , Zheng Yu-Long , Xu Chuan-Qin , Gu Li-Zhi , Ding Zong-Li , Qin Ling , Wang Yi , Fu Ran , Wan Yu-Feng , Hu Cheng-Ping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractValproic acid (VPA) has been suggested to be a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACI). Our present study revealed that VPA at 1 mm, which had no effect on cell proliferation, can significantly increase the sensitivity of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells to cisplatin (DDP). VPA treatment markedly decreased the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1, while had no significant effect on ABCA3, ABCA7 or ABCB10. Luciferase reporter assays showed that VPA can decrease the ABCA1 promoter activity in both A549 and H358 cells. VPA treatment also decreased the phosphorylation of SP1, which can bind to −100 and −166 bp in the promoter of ABCA1. While the phosphorylation of c-Fos and c-Jun were not changed in VPA treated NSCLC cells. Over expression of HDAC2 attenuated VPA induced down regulation of ABCA1 mRNA expression and promoter activities. Over expression of HDAC2 also attenuated VPA induced DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells. These data revealed that VPA can increase the DDP sensitivity of NSCLC cells via down regulation of ABCA1 through HDAC2/SP1 signals. It suggested that combination of VPA and anticancer drugs such as DDP might be great helpful for treatment of NSCLC patients.
Herrschaft und Bekenntnis. Überlegungen zur imperialen Normierung des christlichen Glaubens in der SpÃ¤tantike
Authors: Kinzig Wolfram 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung
Beginnend mit Konstantin dem Großen haben sich die römischem Kaiser in ihrer Gesetzgebung zunehmend zu Fragen des christlichen Glaubens geäußert und später selbst Gesetze in der Form von Bekenntnissen (Symbolen) erlassen. Dabei kann man drei Phasen beobachten: (1) Bis zu Theodosius haben die Kaiser auf eigene Stellungnahmen zum Bekenntnisinhalt weitgehend verzichtet und versucht, eine kirchliche Befriedung auf der Basis bestehender synodaler Formeln zu erreichen. (2) Ab 380 werden Glaubensinhalte in den Gesetzestexten zunehmend inhaltlich beschrieben und in einer noch relativ unspezifischen Form verbindlich gemacht. (3) Das Henotikon (482) ist das erste Gesetz, das sich als persönliches Bekenntnis des Kaisers selbst gibt, der nun in der Definition von Symbolformeln in Konkurrenz zu den Synoden tritt. Diese Entwicklung erreicht ihren Höhepunkt in den zahlreichen Bekenntnissen Justinians und setzt sich noch bis zur Ekthesis des Herakleios (638) fort. Der Artikel beschreibt diesen Vorgang und diskutiert die Besonderheiten der einschlägigen Gesetze und ihre Bedeutung für das kaiserliche Selbstverständnis in kirchenpolitischen Fragen.
Wie aus Agon Antagonismus wird. Scholastisch-humanistische Grenzpolitik um 1500
Authors: Boer Jan−Hendryk de 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die lange in der Forschung dominierende Erzählung vom scholastisch-humanistischen Gegensatz, der das gelehrte Leben im 15. und frühen 16. Jahrhundert geprägt habe, wird heute kaum noch vorbehaltlos akzeptiert. Tatsächlich basiert die Annahme eines epochalen Ringens zwischen Scholastik und Humanismus vor allem auf der Selbstpräsentation der Vertreter eines emphatischen Humanismus. Allerdings handelt es sich hierbei nicht einfach um eine falsche Wiedergabe der Wirklichkeit, sondern vielmehr um eine humanistische Grenzpolitik, die aktiv daran arbeitete, das gelehrte Feld im Zeichen eines Antagonismus zwischen Humanismus und Scholastik inhaltlich, institutionell und personell neu zu ordnen. Der Konflikt um Johannes Reuchlin stellt einen Markstein dieser Grenzpolitik dar: Begonnen als Auseinandersetzung um die Frage, wie mit jüdischen Büchern umzugehen sei, bemächtigten sich die Vertreter eines emphatisch-selbstbewussten Humanismus der Auseinandersetzung, deuteten sie um und instrumentalisierten sie, um solche Gelehrte aus dem Feld zu schlagen, die gleichermaßen gegenüber humanistischen und scholastischen Techniken und Inhalten kommunikativ anschlussfähig bleiben wollten. Um Unterstützung zu gewinnen, hatte Reuchlin selbst zunächst eine derartige Interpretation nahegelegt. Dass die Auseinandersetzung von humanistischer Seite jedoch antagonistisch genutzt wurde, führte letztlich dazu, dass sein Anliegen, jüdisches Wissen in Gestalt der christlichen Kabbala für die christliche Tradition nutzbar zu machen, weit in den Hintergrund trat.
„Multiple Sattelzeiten“. Zeitkulturen in der atlantischen Welt 1760–1830
Authors: Kirchberger Ulrike 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Menschen, die auf den Anrainerkontinenten der atlantischen Welt lebten oder sich zwischen den Kontinenten bewegten, hatten verschiedene Möglichkeiten, sich mit neuen Formen von Zeitlichkeit auseinanderzusetzen. Hierarchien spielten hierbei zweifelsohne eine wichtige Rolle. Europäische Herrschaftseliten versuchten im Kontext kolonialer Verwaltung, auf Sklavenplantagen, in religiösen und rechtlichen Zusammenhängen, die Subalternen unter das Joch der eigenen Zeitkultur zu zwingen. Solche Zeitregime entwickelten sich allerdings nicht erst mit der „Sattelzeit“ in den Jahren zwischen 1760 und 1830. Abgesehen davon war es keineswegs einfach, eine fremde Gesellschaft dem eigenen Zeitregime zu unterwerfen. Europäische Chronologie und Historiographie wurde vor dem Hintergrund antikolonialen Widerstands bewusst in Frage gestellt, es fanden Prozesse der Hybridisierung statt, wenn Zeitformen aus verschiedenen Kulturen ineinander übergingen, und es konnten neue und tradierte Zeitkulturen nebeneinander Bestand haben. Man kann folglich in Zweifel ziehen, dass sich europäische Zeitvorstellungen im Zuge kolonialer Expansion unkompliziert von Europa aus über die atlantische Welt verbreiteten. Multiple Modernitäten, hybride Zeitkulturen, Kontinuitäten, die über die europäische Sattelzeit hinwegreichten und epochale Brüche, die vor oder nach der Sattelzeit lagen, relativieren die Bedeutung des europäischen Epochenwandels für die atlantische Welt. Die alternative Perspektive, die dieser Aufsatz vorschlägt, besteht darin, einzelne Zeitkategorien wie beispielsweise die gemessene Zeit, die Verzeitlichung oder die Tiefenzeit festzulegen, sie in verschiedenen atlantischen Kontexten zu verorten und in einen transatlantischen Bezug zu bringen. Auf diese Weise lassen sich europäische Zeitkulturen, die in sich sehr heterogen waren, in ein breites Spektrum von Zeitlichkeiten einordnen, die in transkulturellen Austauschprozessen integriert oder abgelehnt werden konnten. Die über diesen Ansatz hervortretende Polychronie muss bei der Periodisierung der atlantischen Geschichte stärker berücksichtigt werden. Der Aufsatz plädiert deshalb dafür, sich eingehender mit dem Problem der zeitlichen Ordnung der atlantischen Geschichte zu beschäftigen und dabei die Rolle nichteuropäischer Gesellschaften besser einzubeziehen.
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Sb-Doped CdS Photocatalysts and Their Use in Methylene Blue (MB) Degradation
Authors: Ertis Irem Firtina , Boz Ismail 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Sb-CdS catalysts with good crystalline structure were prepared by chemical precipitation and hydrothermal method. The results showed that hydrothermal treatment is an effective method to prepare CdS based catalysts of hexagonal structure. Single Sb2S3 catalyst has spherical and Sb doped CdS catalysts have hexagonal structure. Sb doped CdS which is prepared by Na2S with chemical precipitation, has cubic structure. The band gap energies of Sb doped CdS photocatalysts were estimated using UV-visible reflectance spectra to be about the range of 2.35–2.57 eV. In particular, the photoluminescence (PL) spectra show enhancing emission peaks that strongly decrease with a doping Sb where the catalyst was prepared with ethylenediamine (EDA) and thioacetamide (TAA), has shown the lowest luminescence intensity. Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue was carried out using Sb doped and Sb2S3-CdS binary catalysts under a 400 W medium-pressure mercury lamp of visible light irradiation (λ>420 nm). Higher photocatalytic degradation was achieved by adding Sb to CdS catalyst with using hydrothermal method and EDA as coordinating agent compare with the other catalysts. In this case the photocatalytic degradation of the Sb-CdS-EDA-TAA photocatalyst after 4 h irradiation time was about 84 %.
Plasma concentrations of osteocalcin are associated with the timing of pubertal progress in boys
Authors: Schündeln Michael M. , Bäder Lena , Kiewert Cordula , Herrmann Ralf , Führer Dagmar , Hauffa Berthold P. , Grasemann Corinna 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground:Animal models have shown that the skeletal hormone osteocalcin stimulates testicular testosterone synthesis. To assess whether osteocalcin might be a useful marker to detect pubertal development disorders, we examined osteocalcin plasma concentrations in children and adolescents with and without disorders of pubertal development.Methods:Osteocalcin concentrations were investigated in a total of 244 patients with endocrine disorders (122 males, mean age: 11.87+3.77 years), including patients with precocious puberty and constitutional delay of puberty.Results:Osteocalcin concentrations were highest among adolescents with precocious puberty and advanced pubertal development (120.60±45.22 ng/mL), while the concentrations were lowest among patients with constitutional delay of puberty (102.20±37.13 ng/mL). Overall, osteocalcin concentrations were strongly correlated with markers of bone metabolism.Conclusions:Although plasma osteocalcin concentrations are associated with pubertal development in boys, it does not appear to be a useful diagnostic marker for altered pubertal development.
Differential toxicities of albendazole and its two main metabolites to Balb/c 3T3, HepG2, and FaO lines and rat hepatocytes
Authors: Radko Lidia , Minta Maria , Stypuła-Trębas Sylwia 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction: The cytotoxicity of anthelmintic agent, albendazole (ABZ) and its two major metabolites, sulfoxide (ABZSO) and sulfone (ABZ-SO2), on non-hepatic Balb/c 3T3 line, two hepatoma cell lines (FaO, HepG2), and isolated rat hepatocytes was investigated. Material and Methods: Cell cultures were exposed for 24, 48, and 72 h to eight concentrations of the compounds ranging from 0.05 to 100 μg/mL (ABZ) and from 0.78 to 100 μg/mL (ABZ-SO and ABZ-SO2). Three different assays were applied in which various biochemical endpoints were assessed: lysosomal activity - neutral red uptake (NRU) assay, proliferation - total protein contents (TPC) assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage assay. Results: The most toxic was albendazole whose EC50 values calculated from the concentration effect curves ranged from 0.2 to 0.5 μg/mL (Balb/c 3T3 ) and from 0.4 to 73.3 μg/mL (HepG2). Rat hepatoma line and isolated rat hepatocytes were less sensitive to the impact of ABZ. Toxic action expressed as EC50 was recorded after 72 h exposure only in LDH release assay at 0.8 μg/mL and 9.7 μg/mL respectively. The toxicity of metabolites was much lower. The most sensitive to ABZ-SO were fibroblasts and EC50-72h values were similar in all three assays used, i.e. NRU (14.1 μg/mL), TPC (15.8 μg/mL), and LDH (20.9 μg/mL). In the case of ABZ-SO2 the mean effective concentrations were the highest, and could be reached only in one LDH assay. These values (μg/mL) were as follows: 65.3 (FaO), 65.4 (HepG2), 75.8 (hepatocytes), and 77.4 (Balb/c 3T3). Conclusion: The differences in in vitro toxicity of albendazole depend on metabolic ability of the cellular models. Primary cultured rat hepatocytes represent a valuable tool to study the impact of biotransformation on the cytotoxicity of drugs.
The comparative analysis of selected interactive data presentation techniques on the example of the land use structure in the commune of Tomice
Authors: Król Karol , Prus Barbara 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe authors present the results of a comparative analysis of selected techniques and programming tools for building interactive data presentation in the form of diagrams and maps generated in the browser.The results of an inventory of land use structure, which are a part of a geographic information system database of the commune of Tomice in district of Wadowice, were employed as input data.The research has shown that the tested tools have a similar design capacity; which makes it difficult to determine which of them is the best. Different factors contribute to choosing a particular tool. They include technical specification, project budget, license conditions, technical support and visualization possibilities.
Effect of Folk Dance Training on Blood Oxidative Stress Level, Lipids, and Lipoproteins
Authors: Okdan Bora , Nalcakan Gulbin Rudarli , Onur Ece , Oran Arzu , Nalcakan Mesut 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Folk dance is a form of physical activity which helps develop the ability to use the whole body in a coordinated way with music, and folk dancers’ characteristics vary according to the particular type of dance practised in a given geographic region. The aims of the study were to evaluate the effects of 12-week folk dance training on blood oxidative stress level, lipids, lipoproteins, as well as muscle damage markers and to define some physical and physiological properties of folk dancers. Material and methods. Thirty-eight healthy male folk dancers aged 21-28 years having an average of 11 years of dance training experience voluntarily participated in the study. All of the physical and physiological measurements and the blood analysis were performed twice, before and after the training period which focused on different regional dances (Caucasus, Bar, Zeybek, Spoon Dance, Thracian dances, and Horon). The training was done 2 hours per day (a total of 10 hours a week), during a 12-week-long period. Results. All the blood parameters were found to be within the specified reference ranges. The training programme had no significant effect on the blood lipid profile, whereas it was found to have positive effects on body fat (p ≤ 0.012), peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak; p = 0.000), muscle damage markers (creatine kinase, Δ% = −19.6), and total antioxidant capacity (p ≤ 0.002). Conclusions. Regular folk dance training was found to have positive effects on body fat, VO2peak, blood total antioxidant capacity, and muscle damage markers. Based on these results, the community should be encouraged to perform folk dance as a recreational physical activity, and public awareness should be raised about the health benefits of practising folk dances.
Pharmacokinetic problems in peritoneal drug administration: an update after 20 years
Authors: Flessner Michael F. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntraperitoneal chemotherapy has demonstrated significant pharmacologic and clinical advantage over traditional intravenous administration for cancers that are restricted to the peritoneal cavity. The combination of cytoreductive surgery with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) has become the standard technique used to fight ovarian and gastrointestinal cancers in many centers. However, challenges remain for HIPEC to contact the entire peritoneal surface, penetrate the tumor tissue, and transport to the lymphatics and other metastatic sites. New innovations in delivery technique, such as heated aerosol, and in delivery molecules, such as microparticles, nanoparticles, nanogels, and tumor-penetrating peptides are being tested in animal models and will likely soon be in human trials. Improvements in overall care, such as the recent clinical trial of an oral agent for maintenance therapy in ovarian carcinoma, will continue in this field for the next 20 years.
Synroc tailored waste forms for actinide immobilization
Authors: Gregg Daniel J. , Vance Eric R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSince the end of the 1970s, Synroc at the Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) has evolved from a focus on titanate ceramics directed at PUREX waste to a platform waste treatment technology to fabricate tailored glass–ceramic and ceramic waste forms for different types of actinide, high- and intermediate level wastes. The particular emphasis for Synroc is on wastes which are problematic for glass matrices or existing vitrification process technologies. In particular, nuclear wastes containing actinides, notably plutonium, pose a unique set of requirements for a waste form, which Synroc ceramic and glass-ceramic waste forms can be tailored to meet. Key aspects to waste form design include maximising the waste loading, producing a chemically durable product, maintaining flexibility to accommodate waste variations, a proliferation resistance to prevent theft and diversion, and appropriate process technology to produce waste forms that meet requirements for actinide waste streams. Synroc waste forms incorporate the actinides within mineral phases, producing products which are much more durable in water than baseline borosilicate glasses. Further, Synroc waste forms can incorporate neutron absorbers and238U which provide criticality control both during processing and whilst within the repository. Synroc waste forms offer proliferation resistance advantages over baseline borosilicate glasses as it is much more difficult to retrieve the actinide and they can reduce the radiation dose to workers compared to borosilicate glasses. Major research and development into Synroc at ANSTO over the past 40 years has included the development of waste forms for excess weapons plutonium immobilization in collaboration with the US and for impure plutonium residues in collaboration with the UK, as examples. With a waste loading of 40–50 wt.%, Synroc would also be considered a strong candidate as an engineered waste form for used nuclear fuel and highly enriched uranium-rich wastes.
Radiolytic syntheses of hollow UO2 nanospheres in Triton X-100-based lyotropic liquid crystals
Authors: Wang Yongming , Chen Qingde , Shen Xinghai 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Hollow nanospheres (ϕ: 60–80 nm, wall thickness: 10–20 nm), consisted of UO2 nanoparticles (ϕ: 3–5 nm), were successfully prepared in a Triton X-100-water (50:50, w/w) hexagonal lyotropic liquid crystal (LLC) by γ-irradiation, where water soluble ammonium uranyl tricarbonate was added as precursor. The product was stable at least up to 300°C. Furthermore, whether the nanospheres were hollow or not, and the wall thickness of the hollow nanospheres could be easily controlled via adjusting dose rate. While in the Triton X-100 based micellar systems, only solid nanospheres were obtained. At last, a possible combination mechanism containing adsorption, aggregation and fracturing processes was proposed.
Developing methodologies for source attribution: glass phase separation in Trinitite using NF3
Authors: Koeman Elizabeth C. , McNamara Bruce K. , Smith Frances N. , Simonetti Antonio , Burns Peter C. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This study details thermal reactions between glasses, common minerals, and Trinitite post-detonation material with the fluorinating agent nitrogen trifluoride (NF3). The ultimate goal of our investigation is to develop a relatively rapid method for the effective separation of bomb components from complex matrices resulting from a nuclear explosion. Trinitite samples, silicate minerals (quartz; plagioclase and microcline), amorphous SiO2, calcite, a natural glass (obsidian), and two synthetic glasses were characterized extensively before and after the fluorination to fully understand the effects of the NF3 thermal treatment. Samples were reacted with NF3 using a combined thermogravimetric (TG) differential thermal analysis (DTA) unit, as well as in a stainless steel bomb reactor connected to a fluorination line. Subsequent to the NF3 treatment, samples were imaged by scanning electron microscopy in order to document changes in grain size and morphology. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was performed to determine changes in major element abundances. Results demonstrate that rates of reaction are dependent on grain size, temperature, pressure, and time of fluorination. All mineral samples experienced mass loss during fluorination. Specifically, amorphous SiO2 (~90% mass loss) experienced the most while calcite experienced the least (~18%). Major element analysis reveals that mass loss is attributable to the volatilization of silica (SiO2) in Si-bearing phases, or sample decomposition in calcite due to fluorination. Results for fluorinated samples of Trinitite demonstrate that mass loss occurs at different rates for each sample, but each sample experienced an expected large decrease in Si content (resulting from volatilization of SiF4). Hence, the concentration of metals in the residual material increased due to the volatilization of Si. These results validate that this thermal-fluorination technique allows the separation of silica from minerals (i.e. naturally occurring crystalline materials) and glasses (i.e. amorphous materials), leaving behind non-volatile fluorinated species and refractory phases. The results from our investigation clearly indicate that the NF3 treatment of nuclear materials is a technique that provides effective separation of bomb components from complex matrices (e.g. post-detonation samples), which will aid with rapid and accurate source attribution.
Epilepsy and vitamin D: a comprehensive review of current knowledge
Authors: Miratashi Yazdi Seyed Amir , Abbasi Mehdi , Miratashi Yazdi Seyed Masoud 
Published: December 2016

AbstractVitamin D has been considered as neurosteroid, and its pivotal role in neuroprotection, brain development, and immunomodulation has been noticed in studies; however, our knowledge regarding its role in neurological disorders is still developing. The potential role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology and treatment of epilepsy, as one the most prevalent neurological disorders, has received less attention in recent years. In this article, we review the possible relationship between vitamin D and epilepsy from different aspects, including the action mechanism of vitamin D in the central nervous system and ecological and epidemiological findings. We also present the outcome of studies that evaluated the level of vitamin D and the impact of administrating vitamin D in epileptic patients or animal subjects. We also review the current evidence on interactions between vitamin D and antiepileptic drugs.
La sémiotique de Greimas : un projet scientifique de long terme
Authors: Fontanille Jacques 
Published: December 2016

RésuméGreimas définissait sa sémiotique comme un « projet scientifique », mettant ainsi l’accent sur une construction en cours. Il nous faut donc comprendre pourquoi elle se présente comme un programme ouvert dans de multiples directions. La sémiotique de Greimas définit une série de problèmes à traiter, et pose des jalons au très long terme. Greimas lui-même ne traite qu’une partie de ces problèmes, et les autres restent en attente des réponses que ses successeurs peuvent apporter. Dans cette perspective, il avait lui-même encouragé ses collaborateurs à se répartir les différentes voies ouvertes dans son programme. Ces différentes évolutions sont connues : la sémiotique subjectale, la sémiotique tensive, la sémiotique morpho-dynamique, la sociosémiotique, la sémiotique de la perception, notamment. Il est donc possible aujourd’hui d’évaluer les effets de ces parcours de recherche. Mais de nombreux problèmes restent encore ouverts : le parcours génératif de l’expression, la diversité, les conditions et l’instabilité des sémioses, le dialogue avec les autres « sciences du sens ». Et enfin, le projet lui-même doit être reconfiguré et mis à jour sous toutes les dimensions de son ancrage dans le monde d’aujourd’hui, près de soixante ans après sa conception.