bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Semi-divisible residuated multilattices
Authors: Njionou Blaise Blériot Koguep , Djouohou Léa Aubin Kouankam , Lélé Célestin , Nganou Jean Bernard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the notion of (semi)divisibility in the framework of residuated multilattices and determine all residuated multilattices of order seven. We start by proving that the natural extension of the notion of divisibility from residuated lattices to residuated multilattices is too stringent as it collapses the structure of residuated multilattice to that of residuated lattice. Weakening this notion yields the notion of semi-divisibility, which we show to present among pure residuated multilattices. We show that, of all the pure multilattices with seven elements, only one can be endowed with pocrim structures and indeed we prove that there are (up to isomorphism) six pocrim structures on this multilattice. Finally, we show that there are (up to isomorphism) two pure semi-divisible residuated multilattice with seven elements.
Biorenewable and Circular Polyolefin Thermoplastic Elastomers
Authors: Sha Ye , Chen Xiaofan , Sun Wei , Zhou Junfeng , He Yucheng , Xu Enhua , Luo Zhenyang , Zhou Yonghong , Jia Puyou 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Polymers capable of depolymerizing back to their own monomers offer a promising solution to address the challenges in polymer sustainability. Despite significant progress has been achieved in plastics circularity, chemical recycling of thermoplastic elastomers is relatively less concerned, largely because of their intrinsic complex multicomponents. This work creates a homopolymer-based platform towards chemically recyclable but tough thermoplastic elastomers. It is enabled by a semicrystalline polymer with high molecular weight but low crystallinity, which is prepared through ring-opening metathesis polymerization of a fully biobased cyclic olefin. By shifting the ring−chain equilibrium, quantitative conversions were achieved for both forward polymerization and reverse depolymerization. This simple circular, high-performance thermoplastic elastomer platform based on biomass highlights the importance of monomer design in addressing three challenges in sustainable polymers: the feedstock renewability, depolymerization selectivity, and performance trade-offs.
Protect young secondary forests for optimum carbon removal
Authors: Robinson Nathaniel , Drever Ronnie , Gibbs David , Lister Kristine , Esquivel-Muel Adriane , Heinrich Viola , Ciais Philippe , Silva-Junior Celso , Liu Zhihua , Pugh Thomas , Satchi Sassan , XU Yidi , Cook-Patton Susan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Meeting global climate commitments and avoiding severe global warming requires drastic reductions in emissions and large-scale removals of atmospheric carbon dioxide1. Forest regrowth offers scalable and cost-effective carbon removal,2,3 but rates vary substantially by location and age of forest stand4,5. Here we generate pixel level (~1-km2) Chapman-Richards growth curves for aboveground carbon accumulation in naturally regrowing forests, based on 109,708 field estimates and 66 environmental covariates. Across the globe and over the first 100 years of growth, maximum carbon removal rates varied 160-fold demonstrating the need for spatially and temporally refined estimates. Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, and some temperate forest areas, exhibited the highest rates at young stand ages, suggesting that newly regrowing forests in these areas can provide the largest and most timely carbon removal. However, overall removal rates were greatest in ~20 to 40 year old forests. Thus. during the next climate critical decades, protecting secondary forests can provide greater carbon removal per hectare than new regrowth (up to 8-fold more). These data help optimize natural forest regrowth as a carbon removal strategy and improve estimates of secondary forests’ contribution to global carbon cycling.
Impact of supine body position on sleep-disordered breathing in MSA patients
Authors: Xu Fang , Wang Hui , Huang Hongyan , Shen Qiuyan , Zhang Dan , Bao Yi , Zhou Junying , Xu Yanming 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is prevalent in multiple system atrophy (MSA) patients. Clinical observations suggest a predominance of supine sleep due to disabled mobility. This study aimed to assess the effect of supine position on SDB in MSA patients.
Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 104 "probable" MSA patients. Patients with apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 5/h were diagnosed with SDB. AHI in supine and lateral positions were compared. Association between supine sleep percentage and AHI was assessed using generalized linear model.
Results
The frequency of SDB was 84.6% (88/104) in MSA. Up to 51.9% (54/104) MSA patients spend more than 80% sleep time on supine position. Unified Multiple System Atrophy Rating Scale part II scores positively correlated with supine sleep percentage (r = 0.229, p = 0.019). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and UMSARS-II score, more supine position percentage predict higher AHI (β coefficient 0.122, 95% confidence interval 0.002–0.241). Among the 45 MSA-SDB patients with at least 30 minutes of data in both supine and lateral positions, 64.4% (29/45) exhibited positional sleep apnea (> 50% reduction in the AHI between the supine and the lateral position). The supine AHI was significantly higher than lateral AHI in MSA-SDB patients (21.0 [14.1, 29.6] /h vs. 9.4 [4.8, 15.3] /h, p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Supine sleep position is common in MSA and increases with more severe motor symptoms. Sleeping in supine position exacerbates respiratory events. Management of motor symptoms may help reduce supine position and improve SDB in MSA patients.
Applicability of HEC RAS &amp; Microwave Remote Sensing Techniques in Flood Evacuation. A Case Study of Gandak River, Bihar, India.
Authors: KUMAR NEERAJ , Lal Deepak , Suryavanshi Shakti , Sherring Arpan , Rawat Vivekanand , Anand Akash , Ahmad Ajaz , Kumar Mukesh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Emergency evacuation during a flood becomes difficult due to the unavailability of various scientific evidence, tools, and most importantly near real-time data. Every year millions of lives are affected due to floods worldwide. In most cases, the preparedness use inland waterways system is ignored. In India, thousands of river systems are abandoned and it can be used for evacuation using inland waterways networks. The development of a precise water level information system with operational in both day and night time is highly required for this purpose. The organizations working in this field are facing the same problem of inaccurate depth information. A study has been conducted to develop an information system using near real-time discharge data. The HEC RAS model, along with Sentinel 1 satellite imageries, and Glofas discharge data have been used for this study. The output obtained by the study is useful for identifying the depth of the river for inland waterway navigation. Using the information it is easy to reach the remote places surrounded by the flood. The method is tested on the ground and easily replic1able to other river systems across the world during disaster relief operations.
Bioelectrical impedance analysis in body composition analysis for evaluation of adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Chen Liping , Gao Lu , Xu Hanchi , Wang Yinghui , Ran Bingbing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Changes in body water composition are linked to poorer outcomes in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), a noninvasive test that measures body water, may help assess future risks for patients with ACS. This study assessed BIA's usefulness in diagnosing and predicting outcomes in patients with ACS.
MATERIALS:
In this cohort, longitudinal, prognostic study, we enrolled 467 patients with ACS. The main outcome of interest was any major adverse cardiac event (MACE) within 1 year, such as all-cause mortality, reinfarction, or heart failure requiring rehospitalization. BIA measurements focused on intracellular and extracellular fluid electrodynamic properties.
RESULTS
Patients who experienced MACE had higher BIA scores than those without MACE. The Youden index identified an optimal BIA cutoff of 417.5 (log-rank test p < 0.001) for predicting MACE risk. Elevated BIA remained a strong predictor of MACE even after correcting for baseline confounders using one-way regression modeling (HR 2.93, 95% CI 1.98–4.35, p < 0.001) and multifactorial regression analysis (HR 3.95, 95% CI 2.55–6.10, p < 0.001). Combining BIA with a traditional measure (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]) significantly improved the prognostic evaluation (p < 0.05). In addition, the BIA cutoff value allowed for further risk stratification of patients.
CONCLUSION
BIA is a superior prognostic indicator to LVEF in ACS patients with elevated troponin.
Effect of Er;Cr:YSGG laser with APF application in the prevention of primary teeth enamel demineralization. SEM and X-RD evaluation.
Authors: Mahdi Saba , Hussein Basima 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study aims to compare the effect of Er;Cr:YSGG laser irradiation at sub-ablative powers with or without APF gel (1.23%) application in preventing primary teeth enamel demineralization.
Methods
Eighty primary posterior teeth were separated into eight study groups (n = 10). The control group is G1 (no treatment), while groups G2, G3, and G4 were treated with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.75W, 0.5W, and 0.25W at 20 Hz, 40% air/ 60% water irrigation. G6, G7, and G8 were treated with the Er,Cr:YSGG laser at 0.75W, 0.5W, and 0.25W at 20 Hz, 40% air/ 60% water irrigation, and APF gel (1.23%) application. Group G5 was treated with APF gel solely. The study samples were PH cycled for nine days after surface treatment. Sample surfaces were tested for microhardness, roughness, SEM, and X-RD.
Results
A significant increase in microhardness after Er;Cr:YSGG laser treatment with 0.25W and 0.5W alone or in combination with APF gel (1.23%) application with the higher demineralization reduction observed in combination treatment groups. Roughness evaluation revealed a non-significant (p ≤ 0.05) increase in roughness value between the treatment groups and control group after PH cycling.
Conclusion
Sub-ablative Er;Cr:YSGG laser parameters can be utilized for caries inhibition and increasing enamel microhardness of primary teeth and may be suggested as an alternative to conventional methods.
A scoping review of the impact of temperature and humid environmental conditions on drivers’ safety across geographical locations
Authors: Koh Soonho , Doma Kenji , Sinclair Wade , Franklin Richard 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Road traffic incidents are one of the most significant causes of death globally, with previous research showing that many meteorological factors influence road traffic safety.
Objective
The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the effect of high ambient temperature and humidity on road traffic incidnets across various climatic zones.
Methods
A search of Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO (ProQuest), SafetyLit and Scopus databases was undertaken and studies extracted focusing on the association between drivers’ safety, and temperature and humid climate between 2002 and 2022. Available data were extracted and analyzed, to evaluate the impact of temperature and humidity on road traffic incidents.
Result
Forty-eight studies reported on the influence of temperature on drivers’ safety Two of four studies conducted in polar and sub-polar climates reported negative correlations; nine of eleven studies in tropical and sub-tropical climates reported positive correlations; and fifteen studies in temperate climates reported positive, whilst five studies reported negative correlations between temperature and traffic incidents. In addition, only ten reported the influence of humidity, and two reported positive correlation, three reported negative correlation and 4 reported no significant association. There is no characteristic tendency in the association between humidity and traffic incidents.
Conclusion
There is an association between climate and road traffic incidents, with increases in both extreme hot and cold environmental conditions, however the influence of relative humidity is less evident.
Exploratory study of antibody titers against SARS-CoV-2 using an indirect immunoperoxidase assay in COVID-19 patients and vaccinated volunteers
Authors: Katoh Shungo , Yasuda Ikkoh , Kitakawa Kazuhiro , Hamaguchi Sugihiro , Sando Eiichiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
A number of antibody test kits for detecting prior SARS-CoV-2 infection and post-immunization status have been commercialized. Indirect immunoperoxidase assay (IIP) is a conventional method to test antibodies. We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy and antibody titer profile of the IIP in COVID-19 and pre- and post-vaccination.
Methods
We conducted a hospital-based observational study in Fukushima prefecture, Japan. We enrolled COVID-19 inpatients who tested positive by PCR. We used serum samples collected > 10 years before the pandemic as the negative control. We also included volunteers vaccinated at the hospital. All participants were tested using an IIP with whole cell antigen of the six SARS-CoV-2 variants isolated in Japan during the epidemic and an IgG ELISA kit. Negative controls and vaccinated volunteers were also tested using a lateral flow assay (LFA) kit. We conducted receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis to evaluate diagnostic accuracy and performed logistic regression analysis to explore factors associated with antibody titer.
Results
We included 146 COVID-19 inpatients, 38 negative controls, and 36 vaccinated volunteers. Most participants had the highest titer for IgG and IgM in the wild type-A antigen among the six variants. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the IgG ELISA kit were 60.3%, 100%, and 68.5%; of the IIP for IgG with the cutoff titer at 1:80, 82.2%, 94.7%, and 84.8%, respectively. The ROC curves of the ELISA and IIP for IgG were almost identical. In the IgG tests of the 36 volunteers, 35 were positive for ELISA and IIP and 34 for LFA after two vaccinations. IgM titers in the IIP were < = 1:40 in 114 patients and 32 volunteers after two vaccinations; therefore, the IgM titer is unsuitable for diagnosis. In COVID-19 patients, age, days from disease onset, >=7 days after the second vaccination, and immunosuppressants for comorbidity were associated with IgG titer of > = 1:640 in the IIP.
Conclusions
The diagnostic accuracy of the IIP for detecting IgG antibodies in COVID-19 or after two vaccinations is equivalent to that of an ELISA. Further investigations are required to address the association between antibody titers in the IIP and their protective or harmful effects against COVID-19.
Effect of Hot Isostatic Pressing Treatment on the Thermoelectric Power Factors of Zinc Oxides
Authors: Mori Hidenobu , Yoshida Haruhiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The effect of hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on the thermoelectric power factor of zinc oxide (ZnO) has been examined. ZnO is expected to be a potential n-type oxide thermoelectric material that could enhance the thermoelectric conversion efficiency. The HIP treatment is useful for densifying the material and controlling crystal defects in the material by applying high temperatures and pressures simultaneously. Furthermore, the atmosphere during HIP treatment can be controlled to enable the application of this technique to both metallic and oxide materials. The thermoelectric power factor of ZnO increased due to a notable increase in electrical conductivity, although the Seebeck coefficient decreased by approximately 50% following HIP treatment under argon gas. The increase in the thermoelectric power factor is attributed to the oxygen vacancies introduced into ZnO subsequent to the HIP treatment. Consequently, HIP treatment represents a promising approach for enhancing the thermoelectric power factor of ZnO.
Identification of novel inflammatory response-related biomarkers in patients with ischemic stroke based on WGCNA and machine learning
Authors: Huang Chenyi , Wu Dengxuan , Yang Guifen , Huang Chuchu , Li Li 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most common causes of disability in adults worldwide. This study aimed to identify key genes related to the inflammatory response to provide insights into the mechanisms and management of IS.
Methods
Transcriptomic data for IS were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential expression analysis were used to identify inflammation-related genes (IRGs) associated with IS. Hub IRGs were screened using Lasso, SVM-RFE, and random forest algorithms, and a nomogram diagnostic model was constructed. The diagnostic performance of the model was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and calibration plots. Additionally, immune cell infiltration and potential small molecule drugs targeting IRGs were analyzed.
Results
Nine differentially expressed IRGs were identified in IS, including NMUR1, AHR, CD68, OSM, CDKN1A, RGS1, BTG2, ATP2C1, and TLR3. Machine learning algorithms selected three hub IRGs (AHR, OSM, and NMUR1). A diagnostic model based on these three genes showed excellent diagnostic performance for IS, with an area under the curve (AUC) greater than 0.9 in both the training and validation sets. Immune infiltration analysis revealed higher levels of neutrophils and activated CD4 + T cells, and lower levels of CD8 + T cells, activated NK cells, and naive B cells in IS patients. The hub IRGs exhibited significant correlations with immune cell infiltration. Furthermore, small molecule drugs targeting hub IRGs were identified, including chrysin, piperine, genistein, and resveratrol, which have potential therapeutic effects for IS.
Conclusion
This study confirms the significant impact of IRGs on the progression of IS and provides new diagnostic and therapeutic targets for personalized treatment of IS.
Exploring the Potential of Self-Pulsing Optical Microresonators for Spiking Neural Networks and Event Detection
Authors: Biasi Stefano , Lugnan Alessio , Micheli Davide , Pavesi Lorenzo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Photonic platforms are promising for implementing neuromorphic hardware due to their high processing speed, low power consumption, and ability to perform parallel processing. An ubiquitous device in integrated photonics, which has been extensively employed for the realization of optical neuromorphic hardware, is the microresonator. Remarkably, the ability of CMOS-compatible silicon microring resonators to store energy enhances the nonlinear interaction between light and matter, enabling energy efficient nonlinearity,
fading memory and the generation of spikes via self-pulsing. In the self-pulsing regime, a constant input signal can be transformed into a time-dependent signal based on pulse sequences. Previous research has shown that self-pulsing enables the microresonator to function as an energy-efficient artificial spiking neuron. Here, we extend the experimental study of single and coupled microresonators in the self-pulsing regime to confirm their potential as building blocks for scalable photonic spiking neural networks. Furthermore, we demonstrate their potential for introducing all-optical long-term memory and event detection capabilities into integrated photonic neural networks. In particular, we show all-optical long-term memory up to at least 10 μs and detection of input spike rates, which is encoded into different stable self-pulsing dynamics.
Competency Model Construction and Evaluation of Fire Protection Facility Operators From the Perspective of Intelligent Firefighting
Authors: Chen Can 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The ability and quality of Fire protection facility operator directly determine whether the Fire protection facility control room can operate normally, whether the fire emergency disposal of buildings and structures is effective, and whether the fire safety management can be reliably guaranteed. In order to scientifically evaluate the abilities and qualities of fire protection facility operators, based on the competency theory, the competency model of fire protection facility operators is constructed from five dimensions: professional knowledge and skills, communication and cooperation ability, learning and adaptation ability, physical and mental quality and personality traits, and career development motivation. On this basis, the principal component analysis method is used to quantitatively evaluate the competency of fire protection facility operators.The results show that the overall competence of fire protection facility operators in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing is insufficient. It is mainly manifested in the lack of spirit to bear hardships and stand hard work, weak learning ability, generally low vocational qualification level and education level, less vocational training hours and lack of long-term personal career planning.
High fidelity Mars Rover simulation platform based on digital twin and machine learning integration: Innovation and application of ISMRS
Authors: Wan Gang , Liu Wei , Liu Jia , Cong Dianwei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The Isaac Sim Martian Robotic Simulator (ISMRS) is a cutting-edge digital twin-based platform for Mars rover development, leveraging Nvidia's robotics simulator. It rapidly generates realistic Mars terrains, supports diverse rover capabilities, and integrates machine learning for environmental data synthesis. ISMRS is ROS2 compatible, enabling autonomous navigation and obstacle avoidance. The simulator's image recognition prowess is validated through real rock instance segmentation. A YOLOv8 model trained on synthetic data showed a 6% performance deficit compared to real data, which narrowed to a 15% accuracy improvement upon real data fine-tuning. This underscores ISMRS's high fidelity in simulating Mars environments for rover training and machine learning model development..