bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can abstract screening workload be reduced using text mining? User experiences of the tool Rayyan
Authors: Olofsson Hanna , Brolund Agneta , Hellberg Christel , Silverstein Rebecca , Stenström Karin , Österberg Marie , Dagerhamn Jessica 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundOne time‐consuming aspect of conducting systematic reviews is the task of sifting through abstracts to identify relevant studies. One promising approach for reducing this burden uses text mining technology to identify those abstracts that are potentially most relevant for a project, allowing those abstracts to be screened first.ObjectivesTo examine the effectiveness of the text mining functionality of the abstract screening tool Rayyan. User experiences were collected.MethodsRayyan was used to screen abstracts for 6 reviews in 2015. After screening 25%, 50%, and 75% of the abstracts, the screeners logged the relevant references identified. A survey was sent to users.ResultsAfter screening half of the search result with Rayyan, 86% to 99% of the references deemed relevant to the study were identified. Of those studies included in the final reports, 96% to 100% were already identified in the first half of the screening process. Users rated Rayyan 4.5 out of 5.DiscussionThe text mining function in Rayyan successfully helped reviewers identify relevant studies early in the screening process.
Cold sweetening diversity in Andean potato germplasm from Argentina
Authors: Colman Silvana L , Massa Gabriela A , Carboni Martín F , Feingold Sergio E 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDCold‐induced sweetening (CIS) is the accumulation of sucrose and reducing sugars in potato tubers at low temperatures. This process is central for the potato processing industry. During potato chip and French fry production, reducing sugars participate in the Maillard reaction to produce dark pigmented products not acceptable to consumers. Andean potatoes (Solanum tuberosum Group Andigena) constitute an enormous wealth of potato germplasm that can contribute to increase genetic diversity in breeding programs of many traits, including CIS.RESULTSWe analyzed reducing sugar content and chip quality in freshly harvested and cold‐stored tubers from 48 native accessions. Andean accessions showed high variation in reducing sugar content and were classified in three types of CIS responses: type I, reducing sugar content before and after 4°C storage was lower than the value required by industry; type II, reducing sugar content before storage was acceptable, but after 4°C storage incremented up to non‐acceptable levels; and type III, reducing sugar content was unacceptable before and after storage.CONCLUSIONFive Andean accessions presented acceptable reducing sugar content and good chip quality before and after 4°C storage in a consistent manner throughout several experiments. These features make them a useful source for improving the potato industry. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Fruit position within the canopy affects kernel lipid composition of hazelnuts
Authors: Pannico Antonio , Cirillo Chiara , Giaccone Matteo , Scognamiglio Pasquale , Romano Raffaele , Caporaso Nicola , Sacchi Raffaele , Basile Boris 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe aim of this research was to study the variability in kernel composition within the canopy of hazelnut trees.RESULTSKernel fresh and dry weight increased linearly with fruit height above the ground. Fat content decreased, while protein and ash content increased, from the bottom to the top layers of the canopy. The level of unsaturation of fatty acids decreased from the bottom to the top of the canopy. Thus, the kernels located in the bottom layers of the canopy appear to be more interesting from a nutritional point of view, but their lipids may be more exposed to oxidation. The content of different phytosterols increased progressively from bottom to top canopy layers.CONCLUSIONMost of these effects correlated with the pattern in light distribution inside the canopy. The results of this study indicate that fruit position within the canopy is an important factor in determining hazelnut kernel growth and composition. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Influence of extraction pH on the foaming, emulsification, oil‐binding and visco‐elastic properties of marama protein
Authors: Gulzar Muhammad , Taylor John RN , Minnaar Amanda 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMarama bean protein, as extracted previously at pH 8, forms a viscous, adhesive and extensible dough. To obtain a protein isolate with optimum functional properties, protein extraction under slightly acidic conditions (pH 6) was investigated.RESULTSTwo‐dimensional electrophoresis showed that pH 6 extracted marama protein lacked some basic 11S legumin polypeptides, present in pH 8 extracted protein. However, it additionally contained acidic high molecular weight polypeptides (∼180 kDa), which were disulfide crosslinked into larger proteins. pH 6 extracted marama proteins had similar emulsification properties to soy protein isolate and several times higher foaming capacity than pH 8 extracted protein, egg white and soy protein isolate. pH 6 extracted protein dough was more elastic than pH 8 extracted protein, approaching the elasticity of wheat gluten.CONCLUSIONMarama protein extracted at pH 6 has excellent food‐type functional properties, probably because it lacks some 11S polypeptides but has additional high molecular weight proteins. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Inorganic carbon is scarce for symbionts in scleractinian corals
Authors: Tansik Anna L. , Fitt William K. , Hopkinson Brian M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractOcean acidification and changing sea surface temperatures stand to affect the interactions of corals and their Symbiodinium symbionts with regard to the inorganic carbon used for photosynthesis. However, there have been few investigations on the availability of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) for algal symbionts in hospite. This study compared the DIC‐associated photosynthetic kinetic parameters of three Caribbean corals and their freshly isolated symbionts, as well as components of the DIC concentrating systems of both corals and symbionts. Species level differences were found in the extent of inorganic carbon saturation among the coral taxa studied. Only Orbicella faveolata was photosynthesizing at maximum rates under current seawater conditions, while Porites astreoides and Siderastrea radians were at or below half DIC saturation. O. faveolata also had significantly more external carbonic anhydrase activity, indicating that this species could produce more CO2 at the coral surface than P. astreoides or S. radians. In contrast and despite differences in Symbiodinium type, the symbionts of all the corals had a similar, very low DIC half saturation constant for photosynthesis and high levels of internal carbonic anhydrase activity, showing that they live in a carbon scarce environment and invest a great deal of energy in concentrating carbon at the site of photosynthesis. Considering the diffusional dynamics of the system and the relationship of host to symbiont kinetic parameters, the most likely cause of this scarcity is host regulation of DIC delivery to the symbionts.
The Combined Influence of Hydrogel Stiffness and Matrix‐Bound Hyaluronic Acid Content on Glioblastoma Invasion
Authors: Chen Jee‐Wei Emily , Pedron Sara , Harley Brendan A. C. 
Published: April 2017

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal form of brain cancer. Its high mortality is associated with its aggressive invasion throughout the brain. The heterogeneity of stiffness and hyaluronic acid (HA) content within the brain makes it difficult to study invasion in vivo. A dextran‐bead assay is employed to quantify GBM invasion within HA‐functionalized gelatin hydrogels. Using a library of stiffness‐matched hydrogels with variable levels of matrix‐bound HA, it is reported that U251 GBM invasion is enhanced in softer hydrogels but reduced in the presence of matrix‐bound HA. Inhibiting HA–CD44 interactions reduces invasion, even in hydrogels lacking matrix‐bound HA. Analysis of HA biosynthesis suggests that GBM cells compensate for a lack of matrix‐bound HA by producing soluble HA to stimulate invasion. Together, a robust method is showed to quantify GBM invasion over long culture times to reveal the coordinated effect of matrix stiffness, immobilized HA, and compensatory HA production on GBM invasion.
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Estimating the Degree of Polymer Stretching during Electrospinning: An Experimental Imitation Method
Authors: Vasilyev Gleb , Burman Michael , Arinstein Arkadii , Zussman Eyal 
Published: April 2017

It is commonly accepted that a polymer matrix inside electrospun nanofibers is in a stretched nonequilibrium state. This state develops as a result of significant elongation of the electrospun jet, at a high stretching rate. Due to high deformation level, the entangled polymer network in the jet experiences noticeable topological reorganization, meaning that the electrospinning is accompanied by both elastic and plastic deformations. Despite possible relaxation in the final state of polymer nanofibers due to some residual solvent, they remain noticeably stretched. Measurement or estimation of the resulting degree of stretching is still challenging. In this paper, an experimental method is proposed to estimate the degree of stretching, and electrospun nanofibers made of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) segmented block‐copolymer are demonstrated. The rationale of this method is based on the similarity in the behavior of electrospun TPU nanofibers, and stretched cast TPU films; both demonstrate massive contraction upon heating. By comparing the degree of contraction of the nanofibers and the films, the level of polymer network stretching (both elastic and plastic) during electrospinning can be estimated. Depending on the strength of the applied electrostatic field, the degree of stretching of electrospun fibers is found to be noticeably increased in TPU.image
Recent Advances in Needleless Electrospinning of Ultrathin Fibers: From Academia to Industrial Production
Authors: Yu Miao , Dong Rui‐Hua , Yan Xu , Yu Gui‐Feng , You Ming‐Hao , Ning Xin , Long Yun‐Ze 
Published: April 2017

Electrospinning (e‐spinning) has been extensively explored as a simple, versatile, and cost‐effective method in preparing ultrathin fibers from a wide variety of materials. Electrospun (e‐spun) ultrathin fibers are now widely used in tissue scaffold, wound dressing, energy harvesting and storage, environment engineering, catalyst, and textile. However, compared with conventional fiber industry, one major challenge associated with e‐spinning technology is its production rate. Over the last decade, compared with conventional needle e‐spinning, needleless e‐spinning has emerged as the most efficient strategy for large‐scale production of ultrathin fibers. For example, rolling cylinder and stationary wire as spinnerets have been commercialized successfully for significantly improving throughput of e‐spun fibers. The significant advancements in needleless e‐spinning approaches, including spinneret structures, productivity, and fiber quality are reviewed. In addition, some striking examples of innovative device designs toward higher throughput, as well as available industrial‐scale equipment and commercial applications in the market are highlighted.
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Four‐dimensional contact ‐submanifolds in
Authors: Djorić Mirjana , Munteanu Marian Ioan , Vrancken Luc 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe analogue of ‐submanifolds in (almost) Kählerian manifolds is the concept of contact ‐submanifolds in Sasakian manifolds. These are submanifolds for which the structure vector field ξ is tangent to the submanifold and for which the tangent bundle of M can be decomposed as , where is invariant with respect to the endomorphism φ and is antiinvariant with respect to φ. The lowest possible dimension for M in which this decomposition is non trivial is the dimension 4. In this paper we obtain a complete classification of four‐dimensional contact ‐submanifolds in and for which the second fundamental form restricted to and vanishes identically.
Zementchemie in der Schwerelosigkeit
Authors: Plank Johann , Meier Markus R. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBemannte Flüge zum Mars sind derzeit nur möglich, wenn das Raumschiff vom Mond aus startet. Nasa und Esa untersuchen daher, ob sich Behausungen für Menschen auf dem Mond bauen lassen. Vielleicht reicht herkömmlicher Zement als Baustoff?
Transaktionen: Kaufimpulse bleiben stark
Authors: Kretzinger Lukas , Mehran Benjamin , Schneider Bernd 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEs sind wieder viele Transaktionen in der chemischen Industrie zu erwarten. Dies liegt vor allem an drei Faktoren: Es sind weiterhin Mittel verfügbar, das organische Wachstum ist limitiert und nicht zuletzt ist mit einem Donald‐Trump‐Effekt zu rechnen.
Fast verified computation for solutions of algebraic Riccati equations arising in transport theory
Authors: Miyajima Shinya 
Published: April 2017

SummaryA fast algorithm for enclosing the solution of the nonsymmetric algebraic Riccati equation arising in transport theory is proposed. The equation has a special structure, which is taken into account to reduce the complexity. By exploiting the structure, the enclosing process involves only quadratic complexity under a reasonable assumption. The algorithm moreover verifies the uniqueness and minimal positiveness of the enclosed solution. Numerical results show the efficiency of the algorithm.
Accumulation of adverse childhood events and overweight in children: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Elsenburg Leonie K. , van Wijk Kim J. E. , Liefbroer Aart C. , Smidt Nynke 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThis study systematically summarizes the evidence of all observational studies investigating the relation between accumulation of adverse life events and measures of overweight in children <18 years.MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were systematically searched (last search date 18 February 2015). The Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale was used for methodological quality assessment. Study estimates were pooled using a random‐effects model, and sources of heterogeneity were explored (PROSPERO registration number CRD42014014927).ResultsEighteen articles were included, containing five longitudinal (n = 6,361) and fourteen cross‐sectional and case‐control study results (n = 52,318). The pooled estimate of the longitudinal studies showed that accumulation of adverse life events is positively related to childhood overweight measures (OR [95% CI] = 1.12 [1.01‐1.25]). Cross‐sectional and case‐control study results were heterogeneous. Subgroup analyses showed that cross‐sectional and case‐control studies using a continuous adverse events measure, studies using a continuous overweight measure, and studies in children >6‐12 years also generated positive pooled estimates, while the pooled estimate of studies assessing recent adverse events (past 2 years) was indicative of no relation with overweight.ConclusionsAccumulation of adverse life events and childhood overweight measures are positively associated. However, increases in overweight measures in response to adverse childhood events do not seem to occur instantaneously.
Analyzing Filiform Corrosion
Authors: Gips Peter , Becker Torben , Oechsner Ulrich , Federau Gregor 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFiliform corrosion is a form of corrosion that particularly affects aluminum coated or painted with anti‐corrosive surface protection layers. Exposure to water and oxygen as well as certain salts enhance the production of corrosion foci that infiltrate the space between the metal and its coating, especially when scratched along cutting edges or imperfections. The corrosion slowly expands into fine outgrowths, which occasionally cover an extensive area.
Crystal structure analysis, covalent docking, and molecular dynamics calculations reveal a conformational switch in PhaZ7 PHB depolymerase
Authors: Kellici Tahsin F. , Mavromoustakos Thomas , Jendrossek Dieter , Papageorgiou Anastassios C. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTAn open and a closed conformation of a surface loop in PhaZ7 extracellular poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate) depolymerase were identified in two high‐resolution crystal structures of a PhaZ7 Y105E mutant. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations revealed high root mean square fluctuations (RMSF) of the 281–295 loop, in particular at residue Asp289 (RMSF 7.62 Å). Covalent docking between a 3‐hydroxybutyric acid trimer and the catalytic residue Ser136 showed that the binding energy of the substrate is significantly more favorable in the open loop conformation compared to that in the closed loop conformation. MD simulations with the substrate covalently bound depicted 1 Å RMSF higher values for the residues 281–295 in comparison to the apo (substrate‐free) form. In addition, the presence of the substrate in the active site enhanced the ability of the loop to adopt a closed form. Taken together, the analysis suggests that the flexible loop 281–295 of PhaZ7 depolymerase can act as a lid domain to control substrate access to the active site of the enzyme. Proteins 2017; 85:1351–1361. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neutron scattering shows a droplet of oleic acid at the center of the BAMLET complex
Authors: Rath Emma M. , Duff Anthony P. , Gilbert Elliot P. , Doherty Greg , Knott Robert B. , Church W. Bret 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe anti‐cancer complex, Bovine Alpha‐lactalbumin Made LEthal to Tumors (BAMLET), has intriguing broad‐spectrum anti‐cancer activity. Although aspects of BAMLET's anti‐cancer mechanism are still not known, it is understood that it involves the oleic acid or oleate component of BAMLET being preferentially released into cancer cell membranes leading to increased membrane permeability and lysis. The structure of the protein component of BAMLET has previously been elucidated by small angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) to be partially unfolded and dramatically enlarged. However, the structure of the oleic acid component of BAMLET and its disposition with respect to the protein component was not revealed as oleic acid has the same X‐ray scattering length density (SLD) as water. Employing the difference in the neutron SLDs of hydrogen and deuterium, we carried out solvent contrast variation small angle neutron scattering (SANS) experiments of hydrogenated BAMLET in deuterated water buffers, to reveal the size, shape, and disposition of the oleic acid component of BAMLET. Our resulting analysis and models generated from SANS and SAXS data indicate that oleic acid forms a spherical droplet of oil incompletely encapsulated by the partially unfolded protein component. This model provides insight into the anti‐cancer mechanism of this cache of lipid. The model also reveals a protein component “tail” not associated with the oleic acid component that is able to interact with the tail of other BAMLET molecules, providing a plausible explanation of how BAMLET readily forms aggregates. Proteins 2017; 85:1371–1378. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A guide to the effects of a large portion of the residues of triosephosphate isomerase on catalysis, stability, druggability, and human disease
Authors: Olivares‐Illana Vanesa , Riveros‐Rosas Hector , Cabrera Nallely , Tuena de Gómez‐Puyou Marietta , Pérez‐Montfort Ruy , Costas Miguel , Gómez‐Puyou Armando 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTTriosephosphate isomerase (TIM) is a ubiquitous enzyme, which appeared early in evolution. TIM is responsible for obtaining net ATP from glycolysis and producing an extra pyruvate molecule for each glucose molecule, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. It is placed in a metabolic crossroad that allows a quick balance of the triose phosphate aldolase produced by glycolysis, and is also linked to lipid metabolism through the alternation of glycerol‐3‐phosphate and the pentose cycle. TIM is one of the most studied enzymes with more than 199 structures deposited in the PDB. The interest for this enzyme stems from the fact that it is involved in glycolysis, but also in aging, human diseases and metabolism. TIM has been a target in the search for chemical compounds against infectious diseases and is a model to study catalytic features. Until February 2017, 62% of all residues of the protein have been studied by mutagenesis and/or using other approaches. Here, we present a detailed and comprehensive recompilation of the reported effects on TIM catalysis, stability, druggability and human disease produced by each of the amino acids studied, contributing to a better understanding of the properties of this fundamental protein. The information reviewed here shows that the role of the noncatalytic residues depend on their molecular context, the delicate balance between the short and long‐range interactions in concerted action determining the properties of the protein. Each protein should be regarded as a unique entity that has evolved to be functional in the organism to which it belongs. Proteins 2017; 85:1190–1211. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Photophysical properties of the isomorphic emissive RNA nucleobase analogues and effect of water solution, ribose, and base pairing: A theoretical study
Authors: Zhang Laibin , Kong Xiangmu , Wang Mei , Zheng Mengmeng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn the present work, a comprehensive theoretical investigation on the excited state properties of the isomorphic emissive RNA nucleobase analogues, namely tzA, tzG, tzC, and tzU, was performed. Vertical transition energies are determined with the time‐dependent density functional theory method at both the B3LYP and CAM‐B3LYP levels using the 6‐311++G(d,p) basis set. The nature of the low‐lying singlet excited states is discussed and the results are compared with the findings from experiment and those for thieno analogues and natural bases. In gas phase, it was found that the S1 state is ππ* in nature for all the tz‐bases except for tzA, for which the S1 state is predicted to be nπ* in nature with the ππ* state being the S2. While in water solution, the S1 state for all tz‐bases are predicted to be ππ* dominated by the configuration HOMO→LUMO. Compared with natural bases, the lowest ππ* states are about 0.85–1.22 eV red‐shifted. When compared with thieno analogues, it is interesting to note that the S1 state (ππ*) transition energies of the two counterparts from the two alphabets are nearly equal due to the very little differences of their HOMO‐LUMO gaps. In addition, it was found that the hydration + PCM model can perfectly reproduce the photophysical properties of the tz‐bases since the calculated excitation maxima and fluorescence are in good agreement with the experimental data. The microenvironment effects of linking to ribose, base pairing, and further hydration of base pairs were also studied.