bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the Impact of Prescription Fill Rates on Risk Stratification Model Performance
Authors: Chang Hsien-Yen , Richards Thomas M. , Shermock Kenneth M. , Elder Dalpoas Stacy , J. Kan Hong , Alexander G. Caleb , Weiner Jonathan P. , Kharrazi Hadi 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Risk adjustment models are traditionally derived from administrative claims. Prescription fill rates—extracted by comparing electronic health record prescriptions and pharmacy claims fills—represent a novel measure of medication adherence and may improve the performance of risk adjustment models.

Objective:
We evaluated the impact of prescription fill rates on claims-based risk adjustment models in predicting both concurrent and prospective costs and utilization.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 43,097 primary care patients from HealthPartners network between 2011 and 2012. Diagnosis and/or pharmacy claims of 2011 were used to build 3 base models using the Johns Hopkins ACG system, in addition to demographics. Model performances were compared before and after adding 3 types of prescription fill rates: primary 0–7 days, primary 0–30 days, and overall. Overall fill rates utilized all ordered prescriptions from electronic health record while primary fill rates excluded refill orders.

Results:
The overall, primary 0–7, and 0–30 days fill rates were 72.30%, 59.82%, and 67.33%. The fill rates were similar between sexes but varied across different medication classifications, whereas the youngest had the highest rate. Adding fill rates modestly improved the performance of all models in explaining medical costs (improving concurrent R
2 by 1.15% to 2.07%), followed by total costs (0.58% to 1.43%), and pharmacy costs (0.07% to 0.65%). The impact was greater for concurrent costs compared with prospective costs. Base models without diagnosis information showed the highest improvement using prescription fill rates.

Conclusions:
Prescription fill rates can modestly enhance claims-based risk prediction models; however, population-level improvements in predicting utilization are limited.
Trends of Cholecystectomies for Presumed Biliary Dyskinesia in Children in the United States
Authors: Matta Sravan R. , Kovacic Katja , Yan Ke , Simpson Pippa , Sood Manu R. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTBackground:Biliary dyskinesia (BD) is a controversial clinical entity. Standardized diagnostic test and management guidelines are lacking in children. Published data suggest that long‐term outcomes of surgical and medical management are similar. We sought to determine national population‐based trends of cholecystectomies performed in children for BD and associated healthcare expenditure in the United States during a 10‐year period.Methods:Using Nationwide Inpatient Sample and the International Classification of Diseases, the 9th revision clinical modification codes, we identified children who had a cholecystectomy for BD from 2002 to 2011 in the United States.Results:A total of 66,380 cholecystectomies were identified as primary procedural diagnosis using weighted analysis from 2002 to 2011 in children. BD was the primary indication for cholecystectomy in 6674 (10.8%) of the patients. During the study period, the number of cholecystectomies performed for BD in children increased from 6.6% in 2002 to 10.6% in 2011, and a majority were adolescent white females. The annual health care expenditure for surgical management of BD for children in the US was estimated to almost $16 million/year.Conclusions:Despite lack of standardized diagnostic criteria and variable outcomes of surgical intervention reported in pediatric literature, cholecystectomies are commonly performed for children with BD in the United States. Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of this controversial disorder in children are needed.
New Evidence to Guide Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Brady Paula C. 
Published: October 2017

Importance
Ectopic pregnancy is a leading source of morbidity and mortality in pregnancy, accounting for 1% to 2% of all pregnancies. Timely diagnosis and management of these abnormal gestations are vital to patient safety.

Objective
The objective of this study was to describe recent evidence in the risk factors, diagnosis, and management of ectopic pregnancy.

Evidence Acquisition
Comprehensive review of the published literature.

Results
Recent literature describes newly identified risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, particularly those specific to assisted reproduction. Furthermore, evidence mounts for the utility of endometrial sampling for the diagnosis of pregnancy location, allowing a significant proportion of women to avoid methotrexate by diagnosing failing intrauterine pregnancies instead. Finally, recent, high-level evidence supports (in women with normal contralateral fallopian tubes) the equivalence of salpingectomy and salpingostomy regarding rates of subsequent intrauterine pregnancy and recurrent ectopic pregnancy.

Conclusions and Relevance
While serial serum human chorionic gonadotropin levels and transvaginal ultrasound are the mainstays of ectopic pregnancy diagnosis, recent publications revisit the utility of endometrial sampling in diagnosing pregnancy location, using manual vacuum aspiration instead of the criterion-standard dilation and curettage. Expectant management of ectopic pregnancies is the subject of ongoing research, and in the meantime, treatment remains medical or surgical (dependent on clinical parameters and patient preference); salpingostomy and salpingectomy provide equivalent subsequent pregnancy outcomes in women with contralateral fallopian tubes in place.

Target Audience
Obstetricians and gynecologists, family physicians.

Learning Objectives
After completing this activity, the learner should be better able to describe risk factors for ectopic pregnancies, including specifics of assisted reproduction; discuss updated diagnosis algorithms for pregnancies of unknown location, including recent data regarding endometrial sampling; and discuss top-level evidence regarding management of ectopic pregnancy, including expectant management, medical treatment with various methotrexate regimens, and surgical management with salpingectomy versus salpingostomy.
Association of Gestational Weight Gain With Maternal and Infant Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Goldstein Rebecca F. , Abell Sally K. , Ranasinha Sanjeeva , Misso Marie , Boyle Jacqueline A. , Black Mary Helen , Li Nan , Hu Gang , Corrado Francesco , Rode Line , Kim Young Ju , Haugen Margaretha , Song Won O. , Kim Min Hyoung , Bogaerts Annick , Devlieger Roland , Chung Judith H. , Teede Helena J. 
Published: October 2017

(Abstracted from JAMA 2017;317(21):2207–2225)
Gestational weight gain (GWG) in excess of Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, postpartum weight retention, and offspring obesity. Prevalence of obesity and excess GWG are becoming more prevalent from 40% in 2013 to 2014, with more than 50% of obese pregnant women gaining gestational weight greater than IOM GWG recommendations in a US study from 2002 to 2008.
Job Burnout Reduces Hand Hygiene Compliance Among Nursing Staff
Authors: Manomenidis Georgios , Panagopoulou Efharis , Montgomery Anthony 
Published: October 2017

Objectives
Health professional burnout has been associated with suboptimal care and reduced patient safety. However, the extent to which burnout influences hand hygiene compliance among health professionals has yet to be explored. The aim of the study was to examine whether job burnout reduces hand washing compliance among nursing staff.

Methods
A diary study was conducted. Forty registered nurses working in a general city hospital in Thessaloniki, Greece, completed a questionnaire, while they were monitored for hand hygiene compliance following the World Health Organization protocol for hand hygiene assessment. Burnout was measured using validated items from the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Data were collected from September to October 2015.

Results
Multiple regression analysis showed that controlling for years in practice, burnout was negatively associated with hand hygiene compliance (R
2 = 0.322, F(3,36) = 5.704, P < 0.01). Nurses reporting higher levels of burnout were less likely to comply with hand hygiene opportunities (b = − 3.72, 95% confidence interval = −5.94 to −1.51).

Conclusions
This study showed that burnout contributes to suboptimal care by reducing compliance to hand hygiene among nurses. Given the crucial role of hand hygiene compliance for the prevention of in-hospital infections, this study highlights the need for interventions targeting the prevention of burnout among nursing staff.
Sequence, Structure and Context Preferences of Human RNA Binding Proteins
Authors: Dominguez Daniel , Freese Peter , Alexis Maria , Su Amanda , Hochman Myles , Palden Tsultrim , Bazile Cassandra , Lambert Nicole J , Van Nostrand Eric L , Pratt Gabriel A. , Yeo Gene W. , Graveley Brenton R. , Burge Christopher B. 
Published: October 2017

SUMMARYProduction of functional cellular RNAs involves multiple processing and regulatory steps principally mediated by RNA binding proteins (RBPs). Here we present the affinity landscapes of 78 human RBPs using an unbiased assay that determines the sequence, structure, and context preferences of an RBPin vitrofrom deep sequencing of bound RNAs. Analyses of these data revealed several interesting patterns, including unexpectedly low diversity of RNA motifs, implying frequent convergent evolution of binding specificity toward a relatively small set of RNA motifs, many with low compositional complexity. Offsetting this trend, we observed extensive preferences for contextual features outside of core RNA motifs, including spaced “bipartite” motifs, biased flanking nucleotide context, and bias away from or towards RNA structure. These contextual features are likely to enable targeting of distinct subsets of transcripts by different RBPs that recognize the same core motif. Our results enable construction of “RNA maps” of RBP activity without requiring crosslinking-based assays, and provide unprecedented depth of information on the interaction of RBPs with RNA.
Dental restoration longevity among geriatric and adult special needs patients
Authors: Caplan D. J. , Li Y. , Wang W. , Kang S. , Marchini L. , Cowen H. J. , Yan J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to describe the survival trajectory of dental restorations placed in an outpatient population of geriatric and adult special needs patients over a 15-year span, with particular interest in longevity of subsequent restorations in teeth that received multiple restorations over time. Dental restorations of different types and sizes in patients age ≥65 years treated between 2000-14 at the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry were followed until they incurred an event (i.e., restoration replacement, extraction of the tooth, or endodontic treatment of the tooth). Survival analysis and extended Cox regression models were used to generate hazards ratios for selected predictor variables. A total of 9184 restorations were followed in 1551 unique patients. During the follow-up period, 28.7% of these restorations incurred an event; and overall the restorations had a median lifespan of 6.25 years. In multivariable regression models, after controlling for gender and age, composite restorations and greater number of restoration surfaces were associated with higher risks of failure; and the initial restoration recorded in the database for each subject tended to have lower risk of failure than restorations placed later that included any of those same surfaces. This information potentially could be helpful to elderly patients considering various restorative treatment options during the dental treatment planning and informed consent process.
Identifying accurate metagenome and amplicon software via a meta-analysis of sequence to taxonomy benchmarking studies
Authors: Gardner Paul P. , Watson Renee J. , Morgan Xochitl C. , Draper Jenny L. , Finn Robert D. , Morales Sergio E. , Stott Matthew B. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEnvironmental DNA sequencing has rapidly become a widely-used technique for investigating a range of questions, particularly related to health and environmental monitoring. There has also been a proliferation of bioinformatic tools for analysing metagenomic and amplicon datasets, which makes selecting adequate tools a significant challenge. A number of benchmark studies have been undertaken; however, these can present conflicting results. We have applied a robust Z-score ranking procedure and a network meta-analysis method to identify software tools that are generally accurate for mapping DNA sequences to taxonomic hierarchies. Based upon these results we have identified some tools and computational strategies that produce robust predictions.
Alpha Oscillations Prior to Encoding Preferentially Modulate Memory Consolidation during Wake Relative to Sleep
Authors: Cross Zachariah R. , Santamaria Amanda , Corcoran Andrew W. , Alday Phillip M. , Coussens Scott , Kohler Mark J. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTSleep promotes memory consolidation through unique neuromodulatory activity. However, little is known about the impact of attention during pre-sleep memory encoding on later memory performance. The current study aimed to address the question of whether attentional state prior to encoding, as indexed by alpha oscillatory activity, modulates the consolidation of images across periods of sleep and wake. 22 participants aged 18 – 41 years (mean age = 27.3) viewed 120 emotionally valenced images (positive, negative, neutral) before a 2hr afternoon sleep opportunity and an equivalent period of wake. Following the sleep and wake conditions, participants were required to distinguish between 120 previously seen (target) images and 120 new (distractor) images. Relative alpha power – adjusted according to participants’ individual alpha frequency – was computed to index attentional state prior to the learning phase. Generalised linear mixed-effects modelling revealed memory performance was modulated by attention, such that greater pre-encoding alpha power preferentially promoted memory consolidation during wake compared to sleep. There was no difference in memory performance between positive, negative and neutral stimuli. Modulations in alpha oscillatory activity may help to coordinate the flow of information between task-relevant cortical regions and a thalamo-cortical loop that preferentially subserves the formation of memory during times of wake relative to sleep.
Revising transcriptome assemblies with phylogenetic information in Agalma1.0
Authors: Guang August , Howison Mark , Zapata Felipe , Lawrence Charles , Dunn Casey 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMotivationOne of the most common transcriptome assembly errors is to mistake different transcripts of the same gene as transcripts from multiple closely related genes. It is difficult to identify these errors during assembly, but in a phylogenetic analysis these errors can be diagnosed from gene trees containing clades of tips from the same species with improbably short branch lengths.Resultstreeinform is a module implemented in Agalma1.0 that uses phylogenetic analyses across species to refine transcriptome assemblies. It identifies transcripts of the same gene that were incorrectly assigned to multiple genes and reassign them as transcripts of the same gene.Availability and Implementationtreeinform is implemented in Agalma1.0, available at https://bitbucket.org/caseywdunn/agalma.Contactaugust_guang@brown.eduSupplementary informationSupplementary information is available at bioRxiv.
MGM(1,m) model based on interval grey number sequence and its applications
Authors: Xiong Pingping , Zhang Yue , Zeng Bo , Yao Tian-Xiang 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Aiming at the traditional multivariate grey forecasting model only considers the modelling of real numbers; therefore, the purpose of this paper is to construct an MGM(1, m) model based on the interval grey number sequences according to the grey modelling theory.

Design/methodology/approach
First, the multivariable grey number sequences are transformed into the kernel and grey radius sequences which are two feature sequences of interval grey number sequences. Then the MGM(1, m) model for kernel sequences and grey radius sequences are established, respectively. Finally, the simulation and prediction of the upper and lower bounds of the interval grey number sequences are realized by the reductive calculation of the predicted values of the kernel and grey radius.

Findings
The model is applied to the prediction of visibility and relative humidity, the identification factors of the haze. The results show that the model has high accuracy on the simulation and prediction of multivariable grey number sequences, which is reasonable and practical.

Originality/value
The main contribution of this paper is to propose a method to simulate and forecast the multivariable grey number sequence that is to establish the prediction models for the whitening sequences of multivariable grey number sequences which are kernel and grey radius sequences and extend the possibility boundary of kernel by grey radius. The model can reflect the development trend of multivariable grey number sequence accurately. When the grey information is continuously complemented, the multivariable grey number prediction model is transformed into the traditional MGM(1, m) model. Therefore, the MGM(1, m) model based on interval grey number sequence is the generalisation and expansion of the traditional MGM(1, m) model.
Energy-related CO2 emission forecast for Turkey and Europe and Eurasia
Authors: Ayvaz Berk , Kusakci Ali Osman , Temur Gül T. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
The global warming, caused by the anthropogenic greenhouse gases, has been one of the major worldwide issues over the last decades. Among them, carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most important one and is responsible for more than the two-third of the greenhouse effect. Currently, greenhouse gas emissions and CO2 emissions – the root cause of the global warming – in particular are being examined closely in the fields of science and they also have been put on the agenda of the political leaders. The purpose of this paper is to predict the energy-related CO2 emissions through using different discrete grey models (DGMs) in Turkey and total Europe and Eurasia region.

Design/methodology/approach
The proposed DGMs will be applied to predict CO2 emissions in Turkey and total Europe and Eurasia region from 2015 to 2030 using data set between 1965 and 2014. In the first stage of the study, DGMs without rolling mechanism (RM) will be used. In the second stage, DGMs with RM are constructed where the length of the rolling horizons of the respected models is optimised.

Findings
In the first stage, estimated values show that non-homogeneous DGM is the best method to predict Turkey’s energy-related CO2 emissions whereas DGM is the best method to predict the energy-related CO2 emissions for total Europe and Eurasia region. According to the results in the second stage, NDGM with RM (k=26) is the best method for Turkey while optimised DGM with RM (k=4) delivers most reliable estimates for total Europe and Eurasia region.

Originality/value
This study illustrates the effect of different DGM approaches on the estimation performance for the Turkish energy-related CO2 emission data.
Investigating market orientation and positioning in star-rated hotels in Ghana
Authors: Hinson Robert Ebo , Abdul-Hamid Ibn Kailan , Osabutey Ellis L.C. 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
Market orientation and positioning have been widely recognized as organizational metrics linked to hotel performance. The purpose of this study is to offer the link among market orientation, positioning and hotel performance in Ghana’s (luxury) hotel sector. It also reports on the joint influence of market orientation and positioning on hotel performance in the same sector.

Design/methodology/approach
Three hypotheses were investigated on the link between market orientation and hotel performance, positioning and hotel performance, and the joint effect of market orientation and positioning on hotel performance. A survey of star-rated (luxury) hotels in the capital city of Ghana was used. One hundred and five responses were used in the analysis. Descriptive statistics, exploratory factor analysis and hierarchical regression were used to test the three hypotheses.

Findings
All hypotheses were accepted. Market orientation and positioning jointly affect hotel performance, and the study provides hotel managers with suggestions on how to enhance their performance via market orientation and positioning.

Research limitations/implications
Market orientation, positioning, and performance measures focused on management perspectives without including perceptions of customers.

Originality/value
This study is one of the few attempts to systematically investigate the intertwined concepts of market orientation, positioning and performance in a developing economy hospitality context.
Research on rheological and flow behavior of lubricating grease in extremely cold weather
Authors: Yan Fei , Wang Ziyu , Du Yuchen , Su Shijie , Zheng Yan , Li Qinfeng 
Published: October 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the flow characteristics of lubricating grease in extremely cold weather in which it is difficult to convey the grease due to a huge pressure drop.

Design/methodology/approach
The rheological behavior of grease at various temperatures is studied by a rotary rheometer to determine the constitutive equation of lubricating grease. Based on the Herschel–Bulkley (H–B) model, the flow pattern of grease is then simulated by computational fluid dynamics and compared with the test results.

Findings
The yield stress increased dramatically when the shear rate was less than 1s−1 in the rheological experiments of continuous shear mode, and the phenomenon was more significant with the decrease in temperature. The rheological data obtained from the continuous shear mode agrees with the H–B equation after the shear thinned. In extremely cold conditions, there is a large yield stress in the lubricating grease; the numerical results show that the viscosity of lubricating grease increased with an increase in temperature, and the viscosity and velocity of lubricating grease showed uneven distribution leading to difficulty of lubricating grease delivery.

Originality/value
This paper focuses on the flow characteristics of lubricating grease in extremely cold area conditions which is studied rarely. In addition, the continuous shear model and oscillatory model are combined to establish the constitutive equations. Experiment and numerical simulation method are all used by establishing the H–B models.