bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of live transport methods on the survivability, physiological responses, and flesh quality of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)
Authors: Liu Chune , Lin Aiqi , Li Zixuan , Ma Zheng , Liu Feng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWaterless transport is an alternative method for live aquatic products. However, the changes that occur in the fish body after transportation are not known. Herein, the effects of different transport methods on quality of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) were investigated. Fish were divided into four groups: Group A (water, 17°C), Group B (waterless, 3°C), Group C (water, 3°C), and Group D (control, 17°C). In the case of 100% survival, the maximum transport time was 40 h for Group A, 55 h for Group B, and 90 h for Group C. Both crude protein and crude fat decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in the treatment groups compared with the control group. Compared with control group, lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), lactic acid (LA), and serum cortisol (COR) increased significantly (p < 0.05) in all treatment groups. After fish recovered, LDH, LA, and COR values were all significantly (p < 0.05) lower than their corresponding non‐recovered group. Compared with the control group, the expression of proteins related to muscle motility and stress capacity both decreased in the low‐temperature, waterless group. Together, obvious damage may occur to flesh quality, liver, and heart of turbot when the transport time is >40 h, regardless of the transport method.
The chronic heart failure evolutions: Different fates and routes
Authors: Agostoni Piergiuseppe , Chiesa Mattia , Salvioni Elisabetta , Emdin Michele , Piepoli Massimo , Sinagra Gianfranco , Senni Michele , Bonomi Alice , Adamopoulos Stamatis , Miliopoulos Dimitris , Mapelli Massimo , Campodonico Jeness , Attanasio Umberto , Apostolo Anna , Pestrin Emanuele , Rossoni Agostino , Magrì Damiano , Paolillo Stefania , Corrà Ugo , Raimondo Rosa , Cittadini Antonio , Iorio Annamaria , Salzano Andrea , Lagioia Rocco , Vignati Carlo , Badagliacca Roberto , Filardi Pasquale Perrone , Correale Michele , Perna Enrico , Metra Marco , Cattadori Gaia , Guazzi Marco , Limongelli Giuseppe , Parati Gianfranco , De Martino Fabiana , Matassini Maria Vittoria , Bandera Francesco , Bussotti Maurizio , Re Federica , Lombardi Carlo M. , Scardovi Angela B. , Sciomer Susanna , Passantino Andrea , Santolamazza Caterina , Girola Davide , Passino Claudio , Karsten Marlus , Nodari Savina , Pompilio Giulio ,   MECKI score research group
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsIndividual prognostic assessment and disease evolution pathways are undefined in chronic heart failure (HF). The application of unsupervised learning methodologies could help to identify patient phenotypes and the progression in each phenotype as well as to assess adverse event risk.Methods and resultsFrom a bulk of 7948 HF patients included in the MECKI registry, we selected patients with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up. We implemented a topological data analysis (TDA), based on 43 variables derived from clinical, biochemical, cardiac ultrasound, and exercise evaluations, to identify several patients' clusters. Thereafter, we used the trajectory analysis to describe the evolution of HF states, which is able to identify bifurcation points, characterized by different follow‐up paths, as well as specific end‐stages conditions of the disease. Finally, we conducted a 5‐year survival analysis (composite of cardiovascular death, left ventricular assist device, or urgent heart transplant). Findings were validated on internal (n = 527) and external (n = 777) populations. We analyzed 4876 patients (age = 63 [53–71], male gender n = 3973 (81.5%), NYHA class I–II n = 3576 (73.3%), III–IV n = 1300 (26.7%), LVEF = 33 [25.5–39.9], atrial fibrillation n = 791 (16.2%), peak VO2% pred = 54.8 [43.8–67.2]), with a minimum 2‐year follow‐up. Nineteen patient clusters were identified by TDA. Trajectory analysis revealed a path characterized by 3 bifurcation and 4 end‐stage points. Clusters survival rate varied from 44% to 100% at 2 years and from 20% to 100% at 5 years, respectively. The event frequency at 5‐year follow‐up for each study cohort cluster was successfully compared with those in the validation cohorts (R = 0.94 and R = 0.84, P < 0.001, for internal and external cohort, respectively). Finally, we conducted a 5‐year survival analysis (composite of cardiovascular death, left ventricular assist device, or urgent heart transplant observed in 22% of cases).ConclusionsEach HF phenotype has a specific disease progression and prognosis. These findings allow to individualize HF patient evolutions and to tailor assessment.
Evaluating depression in Indonesian adolescents with epilepsy: Comprehensive validation and reliability assessment of the neurological disorders depression inventory‐epilepsy for youth Indonesian version (NDDI‐E‐Y[ID])
Authors: Handryastuti Setyo , Wiguna Tjhin , Chozie Novie Amelia , Medise Bernie Endyarni , Indawati Wahyuni , Hafifah Cut Nurul , Winarta Widdy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectivesEpilepsy is a common chronic neurological disorder in pediatrics. Depression is an often underdetected comorbidity in childhood epilepsy. This study aimed to adapt the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory‐Epilepsy for Youth (NDDI‐E‐Y) to the Indonesian language and population, as well as to validate the Indonesian version of NDDI‐E‐Y (NDDI‐E‐Y[ID]).MethodsThis three‐stage study comprised instrument translation, cultural verification, and content validity testing (first stage), pilot testing (second stage), followed by concurrent validity and reliability testing (third stage) of the NDDI‐E‐Y(ID). Validation was done against the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale – Revised (CESD‐R). Content validity, assessed by six experts, was quantified using the content validity index for items (I‐CVI) and scale (S‐CVI). Participants were adolescents aged 12–17 years diagnosed with any type of epilepsy who completed both instruments. Concurrent validity was evaluated using Spearman's correlation and reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha.ResultsThe first stage produced a culturally appropriate NDDI‐E‐Y(ID). Thirty healthy adolescents and 10 adolescents with epilepsy participated in the second stage. In the third stage, another group of 30 adolescents with epilepsy took part. We obtained I‐CVI and S‐CVI values averaging 1. The NDDI‐E‐Y(ID) showed a positive and significant correlation with CESD‐R (Spearman's rho = 0.671, p < 0.001). A Cronbach's alpha of 0.928 reflected a high internal consistency.SignificanceBased on the results, the NDDI‐E‐Y(ID) was found to be a valid and reliable screening instrument for detecting depression in youth with epilepsy.Plain Language SummaryDepression is an under‐recognized problem in youth with epilepsy. Currently available depression screening tools are in English, making it less suitable for detection purposes in Indonesia. This study developed and validated the Indonesian version of the NDDI‐E‐Y, a depression screening tool for youth with epilepsy.
Real‐time hybrid simulation of structural systems with soil‐foundation interaction effects using neural networks
Authors: Al‐Subaihawi Safwan , Ricles James , Quiel Spencer , Marullo Thomas , Malik Faisal 
Published: September 2024

AbstractReal‐time hybrid simulation (RTHS) involves dividing a structural system into numerical and experimental substructures. The experimental substructure is challenging to model analytically and is therefore modeled physically in the laboratory. Analytical substructures are conventionally modeled using the finite element method. The two substructures are kinematically linked, and the governing equations of motion are solved in real‐time. Thus, the state determination of the analytical substructure needs to occur within the timestep, which is of the order of a few milliseconds. All structural systems are supported by a soil‐foundation system and any evaluation of the efficacy of response modification devices placed in the structure should consider soil‐foundation structure interaction (SFSI) effects. SFSI adds compliance to a structural system, thereby altering the natural frequencies. Additionally, nonlinear behavior in the soil can result in residual deformations in the foundation and structure, as well as provide added damping. These effects can occur under both wind and earthquake loading. To overcome the barrier of the large computational effort required to model SFSI effects in real‐time using the conventional finite element approach, a neural network (NN) model is combined with an explicit‐based analytical substructure and experimental substructure with dampers to create a framework for performing RTHS with SFSI effects. The framework includes a block of long‐short term memory (LSTM) layers that is combined with a parallel rectified linear unit (ReLU) to form a NN model of the soil‐foundation system. RTHS of a tall 40‐story steel building equipped with nonlinear viscous dampers and subjected to a windstorm are performed to illustrate the framework. It was found that a number of factors have an effect on the quality of RTHS results. These include: (i) the discretization of the wind loading into bins of basic wind speed; (ii) the extent of the NN model training as determined by the root mean square error (RMSE); (iii) noise in the restoring forces produced by the NN model and its interaction with the integration algorithm; and, (iv) the bounding of outliers of the NN model's output. Guidelines for extending the framework for the RTHS of structures subjected to seismic loading are provided.
Direct loss‐based seismic design of low‐rise base‐isolated reinforced concrete buildings
Authors: Suarez Diego , Calvi Gian Michele , Gentile Roberto 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes a procedure to design low‐rise base‐isolated structures achieving a specific target level of earthquake‐induced loss (e.g., dollars, downtime) while complying with a predefined minimum level of structural reliability. The procedure is “direct” since the target loss is specified at the first step of the process, and virtually no design iterations are required. Direct loss‐based design (DLBD) is enabled by a simplified loss assessment module involving: (1) surrogate probabilistic seismic demand models representing the probability distribution of peak horizontal displacements and accelerations on top of the isolation layer conditional on different ground‐motion intensity levels; (2) approximations of the superstructure response; (3) simplified consequence models for isolation system and superstructure based on damage‐to‐loss ratios (economic loss or repair time); (4) simplified consequence models for acceleration‐ and drift‐sensitive non‐structural components, based on storey loss functions of a potential inventory of components. Given some basic geometrical parameters of the superstructure, DLBD provides the isolation system's force‐displacement curve and the required superstructure's strength complying with a selected loss target. The members' structural detailing follows the principles of direct displacement‐based design, sectional analysis, and the general theory of base isolation. The procedure is illustrated by designing six reinforced concrete wall buildings (two‐, three‐, and four‐storeys) base isolated with lead rubber bearings, to achieve predefined targets of expected repair time. Repair time is benchmarked against a more refined method adopting a cloud‐based non‐linear time history analysis, finding a maximum underestimation of 17%, thus confirming the dependability of DLBD. Such error is almost entirely attributable to the simplified estimation of peak floor accelerations, and it could be potentially eliminated by refining such estimation.
Shear behavior of reinforced concrete walls under variable axial tension‐compression and cyclic lateral loads
Authors: Cheng Xiaowei , Huang Jiankang , Xu Nuo , Li Yi , Ji Xiaodong , Du Xiuli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUnder a strong earthquake, the axial force of shear walls in tall buildings may vary from compression to tension, but few studies have been conducted on this. Three low‐aspect‐ratio reinforced concrete (RC) wall specimens subjected to coupled variable axial tension‐compression and lateral load were tested in this study, to investigate the effect of the fluctuating range of axial force and loading histories on the shear behavior of RC walls. The test results indicated that shear‐compression failure occurred under the compressive‐shear loading for all test wall specimens, and no obvious post‐peak strength degradation in tension‐shear loading. The hysteretic curves of test wall specimens were strongly affected by the loading histories; the shear strength and deformation capacity were mainly affected by the fluctuation of axial forces, especially for tension‐shear strength. The equation of ACI 318‐19 and JGJ 3‐2010 conservatively predicted the shear strength of RC walls under the variable axial force, while the equation of ASCE/SEI 43‐05 accurately predicted the shear strength with the mean values of the VTest/VASCE of 0.97 and 0.94 for compression‐shear and tension‐shear strength, respectively. Comparison with an RC wall under constant axial tension revealed that the failure modes of RC walls were strongly dependent on the initial cracking patterns. Finally, a finite element (FE) model was developed, and parametric analyses were carried out to further estimate the effect of variable axial force on the cyclic shear behavior of RC walls.
Heat Transfer Analysis of Aqueous Suspensions of CNTs in Microchannel Radiators
Authors: Tetik Tugba , Karagoz Yasin 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTWith advances in technology and the increasing use of nanomaterials, ongoing research is focused on improving the performance of thermal systems. This study investigates the thermal conductance (UA) of a radiator using aqueous suspensions of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are among the nanomaterials with the highest heat transfer coefficient. For this purpose, three different nanofluids were prepared, each with varying concentrations of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). The heat transfer performance of three hybrid nanocoolant fluids (NF), namely, NF1 (0.8 wt% MWCNT + 0.4 wt% SWCNT), NF2 (0.4 wt% MWCNT + 0.4 wt% SWCNT), and NF3 (0.4 wt% MWCNT + 0.8 wt% SWCNT), was experimentally examined and compared with water. The results show that CNT suspensions can enhance heat transfer by up to 16.9% compared with the base fluid, and SWCNTs were observed to have better thermophysical qualities than MWCNTs.
Machine learning solutions for mobile internet of things security: A literature review and research agenda
Authors: Messabih Hadjer , Kerrache Chaker Abdelaziz , Cheriguene Youssra , Amadeo Marica , Ahmad Farhan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn recent years, the advancements in wireless technologies and sensor networks have promoted the Mobile Internet of Things (MIoT) paradigm. However, the unique characteristics of MIoT networks expose them to significant security vulnerabilities and threats, necessitating robust cybersecurity measures, including effective attack detection and mitigation techniques. Among these strategies, Artificial Intelligence (AI), and particularly Machine Learning‐ (ML) based approaches, emerge as a pivotal method for bolstering MIoT security. In this paper, we present a comprehensive literature survey regarding the utilization of ML for enhancing security in MIoT. Through an exhaustive review of existing research articles, we analyze the diverse array of ML‐based approaches employed to safeguard MIoT ecosystems and provide a holistic understanding of the current landscape, elucidating the strengths and limitations of prevailing methodologies. We propose a structured taxonomy to categorize recent works in this domain, by distinguishing approaches based on Shallow Supervised Learning (SSL), Shallow Unsupervised Learning (SUL), Deep Learning (DL), and Reinforcement Learning (RL). By delineating existing challenges and potential future directions for cybersecurity in MIoT, we aim to stimulate discourse and inspire novel approaches towards more resilient and secure MIoT ecosystems.
Cardioprotective action of apocynin in isoproterenol‐induced cardiac damage is mediated through Nrf‐2/HO‐1 signaling pathway
Authors: Rahman Md. Mizanur , Alimullah Mirza , Yasmin Tahmina , Akhter Nasrin , Ahmed Iqbal , Khan Ferdous , Saha Mousumi , Halim Mohammad A. , Subhan Nusrat , Haque Md. Areeful , Alam Md. Ashraful 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis investigation evaluated the therapeutic benefit of apocynin in isoproterenol (ISO)‐induced cardiac damage in rats. ISO‐administered male Wistar rats were treated with apocynin for 2 weeks. Blood plasma and left ventricle of heart tissues were collected and analyzed for oxidative stress‐related parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP), and nitric oxide (NO). The activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase were also measured. The gene expressions of oxidative stress‐related proteins such as Nrf‐2, HO‐1, and HO‐2 in cardiac tissues were also measured. In silico studies like molecular docking and molecular dynamics were also performed to detect how apocynin interacts with NADPH and nitric oxide synthase at the molecular level. This investigation revealed significant elevation of serum transferase enzymes and creatinine kinase‐Muscle Brain (CK‐MB) activities in ISO‐administered rats compared to the control. Apocynin effectively normalized the serum transferases and CK‐MB activities in the blood of ISO‐stressed rats. Moreover, ISO‐induced elevations of MDA, NO, and AOPP levels were also suppressed by apocynin treatment. Consistently, apocynin restored the reduced SOD and catalase activities in ISO‐administered rats. This restoration of enzyme activity might be due to the increased expression of Nrf‐2 and HO‐1 and reduced expression of iNOS and TNF‐α in ISO‐administered rats. Histological analysis revealed that apocynin treatment ameliorated the mononuclear cell adherence and fibrosis in the cardiac tissue of ISO‐administered rats. Computational studies also support the experimental findings. This study demonstrates that apocynin prevents ISO‐induced cardiac injury not only by preventing inflammation but also by empowering the antioxidant defense system.
Street vendors as actors of a sustainable food system—The case of Mexico City
Authors: Guibrunet Louise , Ortega‐Avila Ana G. , Valerino‐Perea Selene , Correa Campos José Manuel , Pozos Espinosa Valeria Itzel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the role of street vendors in enhancing access to sustainable food, using Mexico City as a case study. Through observational fieldwork, we quantify and spatialize the street food offer of two municipalities, which we compare to food offer in outlets (shops and restaurants). We use Mexican traditional food as a proxy for a sustainable diet. Street vendors represent 55% of the food retailers present in the study area. Over half of street vendors only sell traditional food (against 45% of food outlets), but most sell food to be consumed in moderation (e.g. tacos). A weak statistical correlation suggests that street vendors and food outlets tend to cluster in mixed‐use areas; as such, street vendors' role in the urban food system is mainly to provide an alternative food offer in well‐served areas, rather than providing a food offer in neighbourhoods where the formal offer is scarce. We conclude that street vending is a significant element of Mexico City's urban food environment and increases the availability of traditional food, thus enhancing food sovereignty and contributing to a sustainable food system. Street vending, as an unplanned, traditional daily practice that inadvertently contributes to a sustainable food system, is an example of ‘already existing sustainabilities’, which exploration can provide crucial insights to achieve sustainability transitions.
Towards an integrated approach for understanding glia in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Majewski Stanislaw , Klein Pierre , Boillée Séverine , Clarke Benjamin E. , Patani Rickie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSubstantial advances in technology are permitting a high resolution understanding of the salience of glia, and have helped us to transcend decades of predominantly neuron‐centric research. In particular, recent advances in ‘omic’ technologies have enabled unique insights into glial biology, shedding light on the cellular and molecular aspects of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we review studies using omic techniques to attempt to understand the role of glia in ALS across different model systems and post mortem tissue. We also address caveats that should be considered when interpreting such studies, and how some of these may be mitigated through either using a multi‐omic approach and/or careful low throughput, high fidelity orthogonal validation with particular emphasis on functional validation. Finally, we consider emerging technologies and their potential relevance in deepening our understanding of glia in ALS.
Externality and policy intervention in interregional travel with infectious diseases
Authors: Doi Naoshi , Yamazaki Shingo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper theoretically investigates externalities and policy interventions in travel during a pandemic. We develop a tractable static model of two regions from a short‐run perspective. The model shows that the externalities can be both negative and positive, depending on regional asymmetry. Thus, even when infectious diseases are widespread, travel restrictions do not necessarily reduce infections and do not necessarily improve social welfare. A formula for the optimal policy intervention is derived and shown to be the weighted average of four types of externalities defined by the direction of travel and the epidemiological status of a traveler.