bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creativity, Communicability and Organizational Culture: an Introduction to the Study of Hierarchy as Both a Facilitator and Constraint in Organizational Change
Authors: Sobrinho Asdrúbal Borges Formiga , Glăveanu Vlad Petre 
Published: February 2018

AbstractHow can hierarchy influence individual creativity in the work environment? In the contemporary literature about creativity in organizations sometimes factors like this are considered constraints. However, the question remains as to how the meaning of hierarchy can change or what causes changes in a given organizational culture. This paper aims to document these processes in a Brazilian public organization, by considering the creative actions of employees, in particular those meant to enhance communicability or the potential for making communication effective. To reach this goal, thematic content analysis was applied to individual interviews of two employees. Considering the contradictions and ambiguities in their discourses and actions, the results point to the fact that environmental factors like hierarchy can change their meaning according to employees’ actions and interactions with colleagues and managers. This makes the communication stimulating or constraining for creativity, at least as expressed in the generation of new meanings or novelties. Thus, the practical question to reflect upon becomes: how can individual actions change the meaning of hierarchy and make the work environment more favorable to creativity?
Between Individualism and Collectivism: Perception and Profiles of Creativity in Poland and Japan
Authors: Gajda Aleksandra , Oie Mayumi 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe aim of the study was to analyze creativity profiles and understanding of creativity in Poland and Japan. The study included 597 participants (233 Polish and 364 Japanese). Qualitative and quantitative analyses were carried out (mixed method). We identified the existence of five different creativity profiles and ten categories for defining creativity, with significant differences in frequency between the two countries. The obtained results are discussed from the perspective of intercultural differences and the individualism / collectivism theory (Hofstede, 1983).
Creativity as Educational Objectives: From a Meta-theoretical Heuristic to Domain-specific Creative Behaviours
Authors: Rački Željko 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the education expert and non-expert consensually rated nature of creativity operationalized as observable behaviour. When operationalized as observable behaviour akin to concrete educational objectives accessible to being taught, is creativity a construct valid both internationally and over time, and what are its distinguishing features? A representative sample of concretely stated behaviours descriptive of creativity displayed by children and adolescents was evaluated with high convergent validity by educational psychologists, specialists in gifted education, university students of teacher studies, and mathematics teachers (N = 208) on the level of creativity, and ten additional behaviour features. The results of the canonical correlation analysis suggest internationally and temporally stable and an educationally viable bridge between general creativity construct operationalization and measurement on the one hand, and the domain-specificity of creative behaviours and their features on the other. By viewing the general creativity construct as a meta-theoretical heuristic, and focusing on one group of domain-specific consensually rated creative behaviours and their progressive nature as educational objectives, the findings of this study are discussed in the context of general and gifted education.
A Bridge Too Far: Conceptual Distance and Creative Ideation
Authors: Hocking Ian , Vernon David 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
Previous research has shown changing perspectives to be important in problem finding, with viewpoint-based techniques like the 'six thinking hats' and the 'six honest serving men' improving performance (e.g. Vernon & Hocking, 2014). To date, however, evidence for similar techniques based on conceptually 'near' and 'far' cues, where conceptual distance is defined topologically in a semantic space, has shown mixed results. In a sample of 171 participants, we used two standard verbal problem scenarios together with a novel technique comprising six concepts that were either conceptually near or far from the problem scenario. Participants in the experimental group used the concepts when generating solutions; controls were given empty placeholders instead of concepts. Performance was measured for fluency, quality, originality and flexibility. Apart from flexibility, participants did worse when using concepts of either type in comparison to controls. For flexibility, a borderline boost for far concepts was observed (η2 = .03, p = .06). We conclude that the cognitive load overhead introduced by our concept-cueing technique, or any other similar technique that attempts to shape the creative process, needs to be minimised through a variety of methods before we can better determine its usefulness and, thus, the role of conceptual distance in creative problem solving.
Characteristics of anteroposterior curvatures of the spine in soccer and futsal players
Authors: Chromik Krystyna , Burdukiewicz Anna , Pietraszewska Jadwiga , Stachoń Aleksandra , Wolański Paweł , Goliński Dawid 
Published: February 2018

PurposeThe aim of the study was to determine differences in anteroposterior spine curvatures between futsal players, soccer players, and non-training students. The results may contribute to the development of present-day knowledge of posturometry, and its implementation in training can help reduce the risk of body posture disorders in athletes.MethodsThe examined group consisted of 48 athletes and 38 non-training college students. Body posture parameters were measured with the use of Posturometr-S. The normality of distribution was checked with the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the differences between the groups were measured with ANOVA and the Bonferroni post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at <i>p</i> < 0.05.ResultsThe analysis of angle values revealed the widest and most similar measurements in the group of futsal players and soccer players. The analysis of variance proved statistically significant differences between the soccer players and futsal players (<i>p</i> = 0.003). The difference between the soccer players and non-training students was statistically significant. The highest angular value was measured in non-training students, followed by futsal players and soccer players. The statistical analysis revealed significant differences between the non-training students and futsal players, as well as non-training students and soccer players (<i>p</i> < 0.001).ConclusionsA complex assessment of athletes’ body posture is crucial in injury prevention. Training overloads may often lead to disorders of the organ of locomotion and affect the correct body posture in athletes. This, in turn, may result in pains and injuries.
Procedural Terrain Generation and Path Searching in Education
Authors: Grossmannová Pavla , Švábek Daniel 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper is primarily devoted to development of an educational desktop application, that describes terrain generating and pathfinding to students. The application is meant for lessons of Artificial Intelligence, that is one of compulsory optional subjects on Department of Informatics and Computers, University of Ostrava. Selected implemented algorithms enable to generate a terrain with adjustable parameters in three different implementations and it also enables pathfinding in three different ways. Used methods are compared according to different criteria for better understanding. Algorithms used in the application for terrain generating are fault method, hill algorithm and value noise. For pathfinding, there were used Dijkstra algorithm, A* and breadth-first search. The application enables camera movement around the terrain and graphical projection of costs of edges for pathfinding.
Adsorption of water vapour and the specific surface area of arctic zone soils (Spitsbergen)
Authors: Cieśla Jolanta , Sokołowska Zofia , Witkowska-Walczak Barbara , Skic Kamil 
Published: February 2018

AbstractWater vapour/nitrogen adsorption were investigated and calculated the specific surface areas of arctic-zone soil samples (Turbic Cryosols) originating from different micro-relief forms (mud boils, cell forms and sorted circles) and from different depths. For the characterisation of the isotherms obtained for arctic soils, the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller model was then compared with the two other models (Aranovich-Donohue and Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer) which were developed from Brunauer-Emmet-Teller. Specific surface area was calculated using the Brunauer-Emmet-Teller model at p p0−1range of 0.05-0.35 for the water vapour desorption and nitrogen adsorption isotherms. The values of total specific surface area were the highest in Cryosols on mud boils, lower on cell forms, and the lowest on sorted circles. Such tendency was observed for the results obtained by both the water vapour and nitrogen adsorption. The differences in the values of specific surface area at two investigated layers were small. High determination coefficients were obtained for relationships between the specific surface areas and contents of clay and silt fraction in Cryosols. No statistically significant correlation between the total carbon amount and the values of specific surface area in Cryosols has been found.
Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from fields fertilized with digestate from an agricultural biogas plant
Authors: Czubaszek Robert , Wysocka-Czubaszek Agnieszka 
Published: February 2018

AbstractDigestate from biogas plants can play important role in agriculture by providing nutrients, improving soil structure and reducing the use of mineral fertilizers. Still, less is known about greenhouse gas emissions from soil during and after digestate application. The aim of the study was to estimate the emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from a field which was fertilized with digestate. The gas fluxes were measured with the eddy covariance system. Each day, the eddy covariance system was installed in various places of the field, depending on the dominant wind direction, so that each time the results were obtained from an area where the digestate was distributed. The results showed the relatively low impact of the studied gases emissions on total greenhouse gas emissions from agriculture. Maximum values of the CO2and CH4fluxes, 79.62 and 3.049 µmol s−1m−2, respectively, were observed during digestate spreading on the surface of the field. On the same day, the digestate was mixed with the topsoil layer using a disc harrow. This resulted in increased CO2emissions the following day. Intense mineralization of digestate, observed after fertilization may not give the expected effects in terms of protection and enrichment of soil organic matter.
Misspecified Discrete Choice Models and Huber-White Standard Errors
Authors: Guggisberg Michael 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
I analyze properties of misspecified discrete choice models and the efficacy of Huber-White (sometimes called ‘robust’) standard errors. The Huber-White correction provides asymptotically correct standard errors for a consistent estimator from a misspecified model. There is little justification for using Huber-White standard errors in discrete choice models since misspecification usually leads to inconsistent estimators. I derive necessary and sufficient conditions for consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator of any potentially misspecified random utility model (e.g. conditional logit). I also derive (easily satisfied) sufficient conditions for consistent estimation of the sign of the data generating parameter. It follows the researcher can consistently test the sign (or nullity) of the parameter from the data generating process using the (possibly) misspecified conditional logit. I investigate small sample properties of the Huber-White estimator via a simulation study and find the correction provides little to no improvement for inferences.
Software Effort Estimation Using Modified Fuzzy C Means Clustering and Hybrid ABC-MCS Optimization in Neural Network
Authors: Azath Hussain , Mohanapriya Marimuthu , Rajalakshmi Somasundaram 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In a software development process, effective cost estimation is the most challenging activity. Software effort estimation is a crucial part of cost estimation. Management cautiously considers the efforts and benefits of software before committing the required resources to that project or order for a contract. Unfortunately, it is difficult to measure such preliminary estimation, as it has only little information about the project at an early stage. In this paper, a new approach is proposed; this is based on reasoning by the soft computing approach to calculate the effort estimation of the software. In this approach, rules are generated based on the input dataset. These rules are then clustered for better estimation. In our proposed method, we use modified fuzzy C means for clustering the dataset. Once the clustering is done, various rules are obtained and these rules are given as the input to the neural network. Here, we modify the neural network by incorporating optimization algorithms. The optimization algorithms employed here are the artificial bee colony (ABC), modified cuckoo search (MCS), and hybrid ABC-MCS algorithms. Hence, we obtain three optimized sets of rules that are used for the effort estimation process. The performance of our proposed method is investigated using parameters such as the mean absolute relative error and mean magnitude of relative error.
First report of twig blight of ban tulsi (Croton bonplandianus Bail.) caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. in India
Authors: Das Siddhartha , Dutta Subrata , Ray Sujit Kumar 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
In August 2015, twig blight disease of ban tulsi (Croton bonplandianus Bail.) caused by Choanephora cucurbitarum (Berk. & Ravenel) Thaxt. was observed for the first time, in the Gangetic alluvial region of West Bengal, India. A severe disease incidence (40-50%) showed twig blight symptoms starting with shoot apical meristem (SAM), leaf, and blossom blight symptoms. Typical symptoms were characterized by over-projecting black pin head like emerging sporangiola which formed mycelial cushion on the infected surface. The present report describes the identification of the causal pathogen as C. cucurbitarum based on its morphology and the internal transcribed spacer of its ribosomal DNA (rDNA - ITS) sequences with 100% identity of NCBI-GenBank published Choanephora database. Optimum temperatures, 28-30°C, coupled with high relative humidity (80-90%) during the monsoon season enhances the disease’s progress. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of twig blight of C. bonplandianus, caused by C. cucurbitarum, in India as well as globally.
Fourier-transform spatial modulation spectroscopy of single gold nanorods
Authors: Kollmann Heiko , Esmann Martin , Witt Julia , Markovic Aleksandra , Smirnov Vladimir , Wittstock Gunther , Silies Martin , Lienau Christoph 
Published: February 2018

AbstractSensing the scattered fields of single metallic nanostructures is a crucial step towards the applications of isolated plasmonic antennas, such as for the sensing of single molecules or nanoparticles. In the past, both near- and far-field spectroscopy methods have been applied to monitor single plasmonic resonances. So far, however, these spectral-domain techniques do not yet provide the femtosecond time resolution that is needed to probe the dynamics of plasmonic fields in the time domain. Here, we introduce a time-domain technique that combines broadband Fourier-transform spectroscopy and spatial modulation spectroscopy (FT-SMS) to quantitatively measure the extinction spectra of the isolated gold nanorods with a nominal footprint of 41×10 nm2. Using a phase-stable pulse pair for excitation, the technique is capable of rejecting off-resonant stray fields and providing absolute measurements of the extinction cross section. Our results indicate that the method is well suited for measuring the optical response of strongly coupled hybrid systems with high signal-to-noise ratio. It may form the basis for new approaches towards time-domain spectroscopy of single nanoantennas with few-cycle time resolution.
The beginnings of the choropleth presentation
Authors: Korycka-Skorupa Jolanta , Pasławski Jacek 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The discovery in the cartographic collections of the Faculty of Geography and Regional Studies at the University of Warsaw of an original map by Charles Dupin – the first choropleth map – provided an opportunity to conduct a closer methodological analysis of the map and to investigate the subsequent development of this presentation method during the first half of 19th century. From relatively early on, the accepted principle was for choropleth map presentations to use statistical data still imprecisely referred to as relative, as well as using a distribution series as a method of generalizing data.
Remarks on the Final-over-Final Condition: A View from Chinese Head-Final Structures
Authors: Liao Wei-wen Roger 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThe paper discusses the universality of the final-over-final condition (FOFC). It has been proposed that sentence-final particles (SFPs) in Chinese may invalidate the universality of FOFC. This paper argues that the challenge from SFPs is inconclusive since the evidence for the head status of SFPs is lacking. On the other hand, the leftward complement of N0in Chinese (Huang 2016) poses a greater threat to FOFC. However, it is argued that the violation is caused by a language-particular word order constraint due to Case directionality (Li 1990). Relating the syntactic FOFC violation to the word order constraint in compounds, it is proposed that FOFC may be understood as an instance of the shape conservation principle (Williams 2003), where the language-particular constraint is satisfied at the expense of a minimal violation of the universal condition.
Chinese Motion-Directional Construction: A Conceptual and Cognitive Analysis
Authors: Fong Ronald 
Published: February 2018

AbstractThis article proposes an analysis of the Motion-Directional Construction in Chinese in the Conceptual-Cognitive approach as outlined by Jackendoff and Langacker. This article first argues that the Motion-Directional Construction consists of conceptual subordination, expressing different mental spaces. Then, it examines the syntactic and semantic behaviors of the construction arguing that it is more like a constructional idiom. In particular, we discuss the case ofpa‘climb’ and generalize further that the motion verbs in Chinese typically express manners of movement. Within the Conceptual Semantics, we argue that a level of grammatical relation may not be necessary; it is the argument and conceptual structures that we need in the cognitive structure. Finally, we present the data and suggest the typological relevance of the Motion-Directional Construction.
Identifying the Dimensional Characteristics of the Cone Surfaces for the Transmission Synchronization Members
Authors: Pobijak Jozef , Czan Andrej , Czánová Tatiana , Daniš Igor , Holubják Jozef , Martinček Juraj , Pustay Jozef 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
The article is about auxiliary equipment into service, specifically, it is control device which is to be designed to check the components for synchronization speed between gears in cars. In the introduction of article is described substance and necessary these equipment into in enterprises, their technical and economic importance. The core of the article readers will know firstly with a component for which is a device design. The most important on a component will be a measured parameters. Next in the core of the article, is described and illustrated design of the device with a brief functional description and control procedure. Of course that in the article is drafted verification of device capability with using the statistical method, where is the functionality of the device is expressed using indexes Cgm a Cgmk . Benefits, asset and evaluation of work for the application area are listed at the end of this article.
Performance Perspectives for Small and Medium Enterprises in Cameroon: Innovation and ICTs
Authors: Tsambou André Dumas , Fomba Kamga Benjamin 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This paper studies the combined effects of innovation and information and communication technologies (ICT) on the performance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). To do this, it uses data from the «General survey of Companies in Cameroon», conducted on 93,969 companies by the National Institute of Statistics (NIS). Of the 93,969 companies surveyed, only 8035 enterprises were questioned according to the synthesis report published in 2010 by the NIS. From this sample, this study extracts innovative SMEs and applies a multiple regression model to assess the direct effects of innovative activities and the use of ICT on SME performance. The econometric analysis shows that: ICT helps to increase SME performance by supporting innovation through the acquisition of new software and hardware equipment. Thus, innovation accompanied by the firm’s use of ICT has a significant effect on performance since Software and Machinery Acquisition related to technological innovations contribute to the firm’s productivity. However, the degree to which the use of ICTs is rooted in the company can accelerate the innovation process and, in the same way, improve firm performance in terms of cost reduction and rationalisation of processes.
Fiscal Stability in Political Discourse: The Romanian Case
Authors: Simandan Radu 
Published: February 2018

Abstract
This article investigates the political resistance to fiscal stability institutions in Romanian context, as revealed in political discourse. To ascertain the a priori political predisposition against the fiscal stability framework, the theoretical findings of the public choice school of economics are utilized. Insights from the political discourse analysis body of literature are employed to the study of discourse against established fiscal stability institutions. Since the consensus arising from this literature is that politics is both acting and talking, the unit of analysis in our examination is the statement that can be classified as political discourse. After briefly analyzing the broader institutional context that provides the background for political discourse, the main storylines against fiscal stability recently emerged are reviewed. Seeking to determine the traits of the dominant political discourse against fiscal stability displayed by Romanian politicians in recent years, a quantitative assessment of the usage of these storylines is given. We find that publicly expressed disagreement with established fiscal stability institutions from the part of politicians and high-ranking bureaucrats has drastically increased over the analyzed period. The research has also revealed that the most employed storyline has been the one that belittles the significance of fiscal stability if the state uses the fiscal revenues for investing in transport infrastructure.