bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transcranial sonography findings related to depression in parkinsonian disorders: cross-sectional study in 126 patients
Authors: Bouwmans Angela E.P. , Weber Wim E.J. , Leentjens Albert F.G. , Mess Werner H. 
Published: May 2016

Background.Transcranial sonography (TCS) has emerged as a potential diagnostic tool for Parkinson’s disease. Recent research has suggested that abnormal echogenicity of substantia nigra, raphe nuclei and third ventricle is associated with increased risk of depression among these patients. We sought to reproduce these findings in an ongoing larger study of patients with parkinsonian syndromes.Methods.A total of 126 patients with parkinsonian symptoms underwent the Hamilton Depression Scale, and TCS of the substantia nigra (SN) (n= 126), the raphe nuclei (RN) (n= 80) and the third ventricle (n= 57). We then calculated the correlation between depression and hyper-echogenic SN, hypo-echogenic RN and a wider third ventricle.Results.In patients with PD we found no significant difference of the SN between non-depressed and depressed patients (46% vs. 22%;p= 0.18). Non-depressed patients with other parkinsonisms more often had hyperechogenicity of the SN than depressed patients (51% vs. 0%;p= 0.01). We found no relation between depression and the echogenicity of the RN or the width of the third ventricle.Conclusions.In patients with parkinsonian syndromes, we found no association between depression and hyper-echogenic SN, hypo-echogenic RN or a wider third ventricle, as determined by transcranial sonography.
Genetic variation in Tunisia in the context of human diversity worldwide
Authors: Cherni Lotfi , Pakstis Andrew J. , Boussetta Sami , Elkamel Sarra , Frigi Sabeh , Khodjet‐El‐Khil Houssein , Barton Alison , Haigh Eva , Speed William C. , Ben Ammar Elgaaied Amel , Kidd Judith R. , Kidd Kenneth K. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesNorth Africa has a complex demographic history of migrations from within Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. However, population genetic studies, especially for autosomal genetic markers, are few relative to other world regions. We examined autosomal markers for eight Tunisian and Libyan populations in order to place them in a global context.Materials and MethodsData were collected by TaqMan on 399 autosomal single nucleotide polymorphisms on 331 individuals from Tunisia and Libya. These data were combined with data on the same SNPs previously typed on 2585 individuals from 57 populations from around the world. Where meaningful, close by SNPs were combined into multiallelic haplotypes. Data were evaluated by clustering, principal components, and population tree analyses. For a subset of 102 SNPs, data from the literature on seven additional North African populations were included in analyses.ResultsAverage heterozygosity of the North African populations is high relative to our global samples, consistent with a complex demographic history. The Tunisian and Libyan samples form a discrete cluster in the global and regional views and can be separated from sub‐Sahara, Middle East, and Europe. Within Tunisia the Nebeur and Smar are outlier groups. Across North Africa, pervasive East‐West geographical patterns were not found.DiscussionKnown historical migrations and invasions did not displace or homogenize the genetic variation in the region but rather enriched it. Even a small region like Tunisia contains considerable genetic diversity. Future studies across North Africa have the potential to increase our understanding of the historical demographic factors influencing the region. Am J Phys Anthropol 161:62–71, 2016. © 2016 The Authors American Journal of Physical Anthropology Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Risk Minimization and a Late Holocene Increase in Mobility at Roonka Flat, South Australia: An Analysis of Lower Limb Bone Diaphyseal Shape
Authors: Hill Ethan C. , Durband Arthur C. , Walshe Keryn 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTObjectivesThe strengthening of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the mid‐Holocene caused significant changes in climate, vegetation, and faunal assemblages in South Australia. The appearance of a light, flexible backed‐artifact toolkit ∼4 kya has been interpreted as evidence for changes in foraging behavior in response to this event. Optimal foraging theory supports a risk minimization strategy for South Australian hunter‐gatherers in which increased mobility was used to cope with effects of a dryer, unstable environment in the late Holocene. Whether this event caused changes in foraging mobility will be tested by examining lower limb external diaphyseal shape between pre‐ENSO and post‐ENSO skeletons from Roonka Flat, South Australia.Materials and MethodsAnteroposterior and mediolateral diameters were used to construct diaphyseal shape indices for Roonka Flat femora and tibiae. If populations living in South Australia became more mobile over time, then post‐ENSO skeletons should exhibit higher shape indices.ResultsThe pooled‐sex post‐ENSO sample has significantly higher femoral shape indices than the pre‐ENSO sample. Males do not show significant diaphyseal shape differences over time, but females significantly increase.DiscussionThese data are consistent with the risk minimization model, indicating that South Australians became more mobile post‐ENSO to better exploit a less productive environment by expanding their foraging radii. The temporal shift toward more elliptical diaphyses is more notable in females than males, which is consistent with Aboriginal ethnographies that show both sexes being intensely involved in hunting and capturing game animals. Am J Phys Anthropol 161:94–103, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The effect of impurities in reactive diluents prepared from lignin model compounds on the properties of vinyl ester resins
Authors: Bassett Alexander W. , Rogers Daniel P. , Sadler Joshua M. , La Scala John J. , Wool Richard P. , Stanzione Joseph F. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTVinyl ester resins (VERs) often contain high concentrations of a petroleum‐based reactive diluent, such as styrene. Reactive diluents that can be derived from lignin, including phenyl methacrylate (PM), 2‐methoxyphenyl methacrylate (MG), and 4‐propyl‐2‐methoxyphenyl methacrylate (M4PG), were synthesized and investigated as potential styrene replacements. A commercial VER was blended with each lignin‐derived reactive diluent, and styrene, in 7:3 and 1:1 weight ratios and cured to ≥ 94%, based on near‐IR spectral analysis. The substituents on the aromatic ring of the lignin‐derived reactive diluent are shown to have small effects on viscosity, thermogravimetric, and thermomechanical properties of the cured resins, where, in general, the smaller the reactive diluent, the greater the glass‐transition temperature (Tg) and the lower the viscosity. Increasing purity of the reactive diluents through chromatographic separations substantially increases the Tg and degradation temperatures of the resins. The results suggest that PM, MG, and M4PG are effective bio‐based reactive diluent replacements for styrene. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43817.
Reinforcement of polypropylene with lignocellulose nanofibrils and compatibilization with biobased polymers
Authors: Ferrer Ana , Hoeger Ingrid C. , Lu Xiaomin , Rojas Orlando J. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTFreeze‐dried and milled lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNF) were used to reinforce polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites. The LCNF, containing up to 9% lignin, was obtained from residual Empty Palm Fruit Bunch (EPFB) fibers. Soy protein isolate (SPI) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) were tested as coupling agents as well as maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP), which was used as a reference. A good level of dispersion of LCNF in the PP matrix while mechanical testing and thermal analyses indicated an improvement of the thermo‐mechanical behavior of the nanocomposites was revealed upon loading of the lignin‐containing nanofibrils. The tensile modulus of PP was increased by 15% upon the addition of 1% LCNF with SPI as a compatibilizer. Likewise, the thermal stability of the composites was most markedly enhanced. Overall, LCNF and SPI, two important bioresources, are introduced here for the development of novel and cost‐effective PP‐based composites. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43854.
3‐Hydroxypropionic acid production by recombinant Escherichia coli ZJU‐3HP01 using glycerol–glucose dual‐substrate fermentative strategy
Authors: Niu Kun , Xiong Tao , Qin Hai‐Bin , Wu Hao , Liu Zhi‐Qiang , Zheng Yu‐Guo 
Published: May 2016

Abstract3‐Hydroxypropionic acid (3‐HP) is an important platform synthesis block for sets of chemicals, but the relatively low production of 3‐HP from biological sources presented major barriers for its industrial applications. In this study, a dual‐substrate fermentative strategy by glycerol and glucose was proposed, and the aim was to evaluate the effect of different substrate addition strategies on the fermentation process. The results indicated that the optimal cosubstrate was glucose (20 g/L), and the enzymatic activity of aldehyde dehydrogenase (AldH) could be improved 3.5‐fold as compared with no glucose addition. Continuous fed‐batch fermentation at a constant speed displayed better 3‐HP production of 17.20 g/L and highest specific 3‐HP productivity of 1.79 mmol/(g cell·H) than the other fed‐batch mode. The addition of glucose could greatly reduce the imbalance of the activity between glycerol dehydratase and AldH and provide a feasible method for improving 3‐HP production. These results would be helpful in developing the 3‐HP fermentation process.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Magnetic Properties of the fcc Ternary Fe‐Cu‐Ni Alloys.
Authors: CHADJIVASILIOU S. , TSOUKALAS I. A. , PAPADIMITRAKI‐CHLICHLIA H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe magnetic properties of the fcc Fe‐Cu‐Ni alloy have been studied as a function of temp. (300‐850 K), composition, and annealing time.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties of NaMnP, NaMnAs, NaMnSb, NaMnBi, LiMnAs, and KMnAs, Characterized by Neutron Diffraction Experiments.
Authors: BRONGER W. , MUELLER P. + , HOEPPNER R. + , SCHUSTER H.‐U. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe antiferromagnetic spin structures of the title compounds have been determined.
ChemInform Abstract: The Hydrolysis of Metal Ions. Part 9. Iron(III) in Perchlorate, Nitrate, and Chloride Media (1 mol dm‐3).
Authors: KHOE G. H. , BROWN P. L. , SYLVA R. N. , ROBINS R. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe hydrolysis of Fe(III) (see scheme) has been investigated at 25 °C in 1 M solutions of NaClO4, KNO3, and KCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Nitrate Ion Association with Nd3+.
Authors: MAJDAN M. , SADOWSKI P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBy the aid of an extraction method, using tri‐n‐butyl phosphate as the extractant, the stability constants K1 and K2 of NdNO32+ and Nd(NO3)2+ are determined to be 1.77 and 1.28, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Kinetic Studies on Substitution Reactions of Delepine′s Triangular Mixed‐Valence Iridium(III,IV,IV) Complex (Ir3(μ3‐N)(μ‐SO4)6(H2O)3)4‐.
Authors: HILLS E. F. , RICHENS D. T. , SYKES A. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractResults from kinetic studies at 50 °C are reported with N3‐, Cl‐, Br‐ and NCS‐ as incoming ligands present in large excess.
ChemInform Abstract: Isotope Effect on the Nonradiative Decay in Mixed Amminechromium(III) Complexes.
Authors: MVELE M. , WASGESTIAN F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractComplexes of the general formula (Cr(NH3)6‐nXn)m (X: H2O, SCN‐) have been prepared and deuterated in the presence of a base (DMSO, NaOD, Na2CO3), which catalyzes the deuterium exchange.
ChemInform Abstract: Synergetic Effect in Chlorination of Silicagel and Metakaolin with Aluminium Chloride Containing Chlorinating Agents.
Authors: BLUMENTHAL G. , WEGNER G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe extent of silicagel chlorination with gaseous mixtures of AlCl3 with CCl4, C2Cl6, or S2Cl2/Cl2 is found to be much higher than the sum of conversion grades obtained with each of the single components.
ChemInform Abstract: PbCu3(OH)(NO3)(SeO3)3·1/2 H2O(I) and Pb2Cu3O2(NO3)2(SeO3)2(II): Synthesis and Crystal Structure.
Authors: EFFENBERGER H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compounds have been obtained from mixtures of Pb3O4/Pb(NO3)2, CuO/Cu(OH)2/Cu(NO3)2, SeO2, and HNO3 under hydrothermal conditions (423‐503 K, 48 h).
ChemInform Abstract: EPR Evidence for an Unexpected Symmetric Dinuclear Species Present in the Lattice of an Asymmetric Dinuclear Copper Complex.
Authors: BENCINI A. , GATTESCHI D. , ZANCHINI C. , KAHN O. , VERDAGUER M. , JULVE M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe analysis of the EPR spectra of (I) at low temp. indicates the presence of a triplet spin species containing two equivalent copper atoms.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Studies of Curcuminoids. Part 5. Crystal Structures of 1,7‐Bis(3,4‐dimethoxyphenyl)‐4‐benzyl‐1,6‐heptadiene‐3,5‐dione (DDBHDD) and 1,7‐Bis(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)‐4‐(2‐oxo‐2‐ethoxyethyl)‐1,6‐heptadiene‐3,5‐dione (DHMEDD).
Authors: GOERBITZ C. H. + , MOSTAD A. , PEDERSEN U. , RASMUSSEN P. B. , LAWESSON S.‐O. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn DDBHDD (Ia) (space group: P21/n, Z=4) and DHMEDD (Ib) (space group: P21/c, Z=4) the enol ring hydrogen atom is closer to one of the oxygen atoms.
ChemInform Abstract: Does an Unusual Structure of Oxo‐Iron Porphyrins Cause Its Stereoselective Properties?
Authors: JOERGENSEN K. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractLCAO‐MO‐SCF calculations using an INDO type program reveal an energy of stabilization of about 185 kcal/mol for (II) relative to the highly symmetric structure of oxo‐Fe(V) porphyrins.
ChemInform Abstract: Nucleophilic Substitution at a Diaziridin‐Nitrogen Atom and Stable N‐Alkoxydiaziridines.
Authors: SHUSTOV G. V. , STAROVOITOV V. V. , KOSTYANOVSKII R. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus den bicyclischen N‐Chlordiaziridinen (I) lassen sich mit Methylatdie N‐Methoxydiaziridine (II) herstellen.
ChemInform Abstract: Cycloaddition Reaction of Heterocumulenes with Oxiranes Catalyzed by an Organotin Iodide‐Lewis Base Complex.
Authors: SHIBATA I. , BABA A. , IWASAKI H. , MATSUDA H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe oxiranes (II) react with heterocumulenes such as the isocyanates (I) and the carbodiimides (VI) to produce the cycloadducts (IV), (V) or (VII).
ChemInform Abstract: Condensation of Malononitrile with Levulinaldehyde and Succinaldehyde.
Authors: HARTKE K. , MATUSCH R. , FALLERT M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Knoevenagel condensation of levulinaldehyde (Ia) with malononitrile (II) in a molar ratio of 1:2 produces the pyridine (III), whereas amolecular ratio of 1:3 results in the formation of the bicyclo(3.2.1)octene (Va).
ChemInform Abstract: The Philicity of Fluorophenoxycarbene.
Authors: MOSS R. A. , KMIECIK‐LAWRYNOWICZ G. , KROGH‐JESPERSEN K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe fluoro‐diazirine (III) is prepared from the chloro‐diazirine (I) by halogen exchange with (II).
ChemInform Abstract: The RuO4 Oxidation of Cyclic Saturated Hydrocarbons. Formation of Alcohols.
Authors: BAKKE J. M. , LUNDQUIST M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe RuO4 oxidations of the compounds (I), (III), and (VI) yield the products (II), (IV) (+ by‐product (V)), or (VII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Oxidation of Ester and Amide Enolates Using New (Camphoryl‐ sulfonyl)oxaziridines.
Authors: DAVIS F. A. , HAQUE M. S. , ULATOWSKI T. G. , TOWSON J. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe optically active oxaziridines (I) and (II) are prepared by oxidation of the corresponding camphorsulfonimines and are used for asymmetric oxidation of the lithium enolates of the esters and amides (III) toproduce the optically active α‐hydroxy derivatives (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: αβ‐Epoxy Sulfoxides as Useful Intermediates in Organic Synthesis. Part 8. Stereospecific Desulfinylation of αβ‐Epoxy Sulfoxides with Butyllithium. A New Synthesis of Epoxides and Allylic Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds.
Authors: SATOH T. , KANEKO Y. , YAMAKAWA K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTreatment of epoxy sulfoxides (III) (prepared according to (I) → (IIIa)) with an equimolar amount of BuLi, followed by NH4Cl/H2O quenching, gives the desulfinylated products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Pd(II)‐Catalyzed Regioselective Arylchlorination and Oxyarylation of Unsaturated Alcohols.
Authors: TAMARU Y. , HOJO M. , HIGASHIMURA H. , YOSHIDA Z. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pentenols (I) react irrespective of their substitution pattern with the stannane (II) to afford the tetrahydropyrans (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Reaction of Hexafluorobutadiene with Phenylacetylene. Part 2. Rearrangements of the (2 + 4) Cycloadduct.
Authors: KAZ'MINA N. B. , MYSOV E. I. , KURBAKOVA A. P. , LEITES L. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe (2 + 4) cycloadduct (I), which is obtained from hexafluorobutadiene and phenylacetylene, yields on heating in a sealed teflon coated steel tube the tetrafluorobiphenyl (II), a product of thermal aromatization.
ChemInform Abstract: Selective Inclusion and Separation of Isomeric and Homologous Hydrocarbons by Hydrocarbon Host‐Lattices.
Authors: WEBER E. , AHRENDT J. , CZUGLER M. , CSOEREGH I. + 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCompounds (I) and (II) form crystalline 1:1‐inclusion compounds with benzene, cyclohexadiene, cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, morpholine, piperidine and pyridine, whereas cyclopentane, cyclohexane andcyclohexene give inclusion compounds with the host:hydrocarbon ratios = 2:1 with (I) and 1:1 with (II).
ChemInform Abstract: 1,1,1‐Trifluoro‐2‐penten‐4‐one as a Building Block of Trifluoromethyl‐ Substituted Compounds.
Authors: OGOSHI H. , MIZUSHIMA H. , TOI H. , AOYAMA Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pentenone (III) mentioned in the title is formed by reaction of trifluoroacetaldehyde (I) with the phosphorane (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Codimerization of 2‐Cyclopropyl‐1,3‐butadiene with Ethylene.
Authors: KHUSNUTDINOV R. I. , SHCHADNEVA N. A. , DZHEMILEV U. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDurch Codimerisierung von Ethylen (I) und 2‐Cyclopropylbutadien (II) erhält man Gemische aus E‐4‐Cyclopropyl‐1,4‐hexadien (III), dem Isomeren (IV) und 1‐Cyclopropylcyclohexen (V) sowie kleinen Mengen höherer Oligomerer.
ChemInform Abstract: Low Valent Titanium Induced Cross‐Coupling of Chiral αβ‐Unsaturated Ketones with Acetone.
Authors: REDDY S. M. , DURAISAMY M. , WALBORSKY H. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe optically active unsaturated ketones (I) and (VII) are cross‐coupled with acetone (II) in the presence of a Ti(0) catalyst generated insitu from (III) and (IV), yielding the diols (V) or (VIII) and the dienes (VI) or (IX) as by‐products.
ChemInform Abstract: The Synthesis of Macrocyclic Diaza n‐n′‐Fulvadiene Derivatives.
Authors: OJIMA J. , EJIRI E. , MANAKA S. , MORITA N. , ASAO T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compounds (II) or (IV) are synthesized by means of the reaction of the bisdehydroannulenones (I) with hydrazine dihydrochloride (V) in the presence or absence of the cycloheptatrienone (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Reduction of Chiral Acetophenone Oxime Ethers to OpticallyActive Primary Amines.
Authors: ITSUNO S. , TANAKA K. , ITO K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie aus dem Natriumsalz (II) von Acetophenonoxim und den chiralen Tosylaten (I) oder (IV) sowie den chiralen α‐Bromcarbonsäure‐Derivaten (VI) hergestellten Oximether (III) bzw. (VII) werden durch Lithiumalanat bzw. Boran zu dem optisch aktiven Phenethylamin (VIII) reduziert.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygenation of tert‐Butylphenols with an Unsaturated Side Chain.
Authors: NISHINAGA A. , IWASAKI H. , SHIMIZU T. , TOYODA Y. , MATSUURA T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOxygenation of the phenols (I) ‐ (III) promoted by the Co‐complex (IV) yields the products (V) ‐ (X).
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalyzed Iminocarbonylation of Bromobenzene with Isocyanide and Organotin Compounds.
Authors: KOSUGI M. , OGATA T. , TAMURA H. , SANO H. , MIGITA T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBrombenzol (II) reagiert mit dem Isonitril (III) und den Zinnverbindungen (Ib), (Ic) und (Ie)‐(Ij) in Gegenwart des Palladium‐Komplexes (IV) zu den N‐tert.‐Butyliminen (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Enamine Esters.
Authors: SOSNOVSKIKH V. YA. , OVSYANNIKOV I. S. , NIKOL'SKII A. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the presence of Et2NMgBr, which is formed by reacting Et2NH with EtMgBr, the enolized forms of the esters (II), which are stabilized by Et2NMgBr add to the aryl nitriles (I) to yield the title compounds (III) ‐ useful synthons for the preparation of heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Poly(nitro‐ and trifluoromethylsulfonyl)substituted Diphenylamines.
Authors: KONDRATENKO N. V. , KOLOMEITSEV A. A. , MOGILEVSKAYA V. O. , VARLAMOVA N. M. , YAGUPOL'SKII L. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe sodium salts of the amines (I) react with the chlorobenzenes (II)to yield the title compounds (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Alkylhydroxybenzyl Esters of Dialkyldithiocarbamic Acids ‐ Antioxidants of Hydrocarbons.
Authors: PERESLEGINA N. S. , KUZ'MINA G. N. , MARKOVA E. I. , SANIN P. I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compounds (III), (V) and (VII) are prepared and characterized by their IR spectra.
ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis of 5‐Methoxy‐3‐methyl‐2‐tetralone.
Authors: LUNDKVIST J. R. M. , JOHANSSON A. M. , ARVIDSSON L.‐E. , HACKSELL U. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compound (VII) is obtained in four steps from the dihydroxynaphthalene (I) via the intermediate (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Optically Active (4aα,8aβ)‐Octahydro‐4a‐methyl‐8‐methylene‐2(1H)‐naphthalenone, a Key Intermediate for the Enantioselective Synthesis of Eudesmane Sesquiterpenes.
Authors: UTAKA M. , FUJII Y. , TAKEDA A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAusgehend von 2‐Methylcyclohexanon (I) wird die im Titel genannte Verbindung (XI) auf dem im Schema angegebenen Weg synthetisiert.
ChemInform Abstract: Flash Vacuum Thermolysis of 5,6,8,9‐Tetrahydro‐4′‐methylenespiro(7H‐ benzocycloheptene‐7,1′‐cyclohexa‐2′,5′‐diene). The Intermediate Formation of (3,2)Orthoparacyclophane.
Authors: JENNESKENS L. W. , KRUL A. H. P. , KRAAKMAN P. A. , MOENE W. , DE WOLF W. H. , BICKELHAUPT F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe spiro‐compounds (III) are prepared from the ketone (I) via the aldehyde (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of cis‐Substituted β‐Lactams, Potential Intermediates for cis‐Carbapenems, from L‐Aspartic Acid.
Authors: TAKAHASHI Y. , HASEGAWA S. , IZAWA T. , KOBAYASHI S. , OHNO M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAus der geschützten Asparaginsäure (I) erhält man über ihr Anhydrid (II) das γ‐Butyrolacton (III), welches nach Metallierung mit den elektrophilen Substraten (IV) zu den α‐substituierten γ‐Lactonen (V) umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: Michael Adducts of a Half‐Blocked Enedione as Sources of 3‐Substituted 2,5‐Diketones and 2,5‐Dialkylfurans.
Authors: MACKAY D. , NEELAND E. G. , TAYLOR N. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe dioxazolylbutenone (III), prepared by the reaction of dimethylfuran (I) with nitrosocarbonylbenzene (II), reacts with a number of nucleophiles (IV) to form the Michael adducts, which are semi‐protected 1,4‐diones.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of Nucleophiles with 3,4‐Bis(bromomethyl)‐2,5‐dihydrothiophene‐1,1‐dioxide.
Authors: CHOU T. , HUNG S. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDie im Titel genannte Verbindung (I) reagiert mit Butylamin/Natriumcarbonat bzw. mit Natriumsulfid zu den Heterobicyclen (II) bzw. (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Pyrrolidinylidene Acetates by Means of a Reaction of Magnesium Ester Enolate with γ‐Cyanoalkyl Tosylates.
Authors: KOBAYASHI K. , SUGINOME H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title acetates (IV) are useful intermediates in the synthesis of biologically important natural products.
ChemInform Abstract: A New Approach to the Synthesis of Pyrrolizines: A One‐Pot Procedure from 2H‐Pyrroles.
Authors: BELLOIR P. F. , LAURENT A. , MISON P. , LESNIAK S. , BARTNIK R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe pyrrolizines (V) and (VIII) are synthesized from the 2H‐pyrrols (I) via the azomethine ylides (III) and by subsequent cycloaddition reaction with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate (IV) or methyl acrylate (VII).