bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Areas of vascular plants endemism in the Monte desert (Argentina)
Authors: ELÍAS GABRIELA DEL VALLE , AAGESEN LONE 
Published: June 2016

In order to identify concordant distributions of endemic vascular plants in the Monte desert, we analyzed the distributional data of 180 species endemic to the Monte desert with the optimality criterion implemented in the program VNDM. We detected 13 partially overlapping areas of vascular plant endemism.The main areas of endemism are distributed from north to south associated with the mountainous region of the Precordillera of the Andes towards the west of the study region. These main areas correspond to environments with important variation in elevation and aridity, whereas minor areas correspond to patches of the steppe vegetation towards the east of the study region. We also obtained extensive areas covering much of the Monte desert, coincident with the two classical biogeographic units proposed. In agreement with the general arid climate of the Monte, most of the endemic flora inhabits arid and/or semiarid environments.
Forecasting Atmospheric Rivers during CalWater 2015
Authors: Cordeira Jason M. , Ralph F. Martin , Martin Andrew , Gaggini Natalie , Spackman J. Ryan , Neiman Paul J. , Rutz Jonathan J. , Pierce Roger 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are long and narrow corridors of enhanced vertically integrated water vapor (IWV) and IWV transport (IVT) within the warm sector of extra tropical cyclones that can produce heavy precipitation and flooding in regions of complex terrain, especially along the U.S. West Coast. Several field campaigns have investigated ARs under the CalWater program of field studies. The first field phase of CalWater during 2009–11 increased the number of observations of precipitation and aerosols, among other parameters, across California and sampled ARs in the coastal and near-coastal environment, whereas the second field phase of CalWater during 2014–15 observed the structure and intensity of ARs and aerosols in the coastal and offshore environment over the northeast Pacific. This manuscript highlights the forecasts that were prepared for the CalWater field campaign in 2015, and the development and use of an “AR portal” that was used to inform these forecasts. The AR portal contains archived and real-time deterministic and probabilistic gridded forecast tools related to ARs that emphasize water vapor concentrations and water vapor flux distributions over the eastern North Pacific, among other parameters, in a variety of formats derived from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Global Forecast System and Global Ensemble Forecast System. The tools created for the CalWater 2015 field campaign provided valuable guidance for flight planning and field activity purposes, and they may prove useful in forecasting ARs and better anticipating hydrometeorological extremes along the U.S. West Coast.
Dominant Time Scales of Potentially Predictable Precipitation Variations across the Continental United States
Authors: Anderson Bruce T. , Gianotti Dan J. S. , Salvucci Guido , Furtado Jason 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
While low-frequency variations in precipitation amount, occurrence counts (hereafter “occurrence”), and intensity can take place on seasonal to multidecadal time scales, it is often unclear at which time scales these precipitation variations can be ascribed to potentially predictable, climate-induced changes versus simple, stochastic (i.e., random) precipitation event evolutions. This paper seeks to isolate the dominant time scales at which potentially predictable changes in observed precipitation characteristics occur over the continental United States and analyze sources of revealed potentially predictable precipitation variations for particular regions. The results highlight that at interannual time scales (here defined as those shorter than 7 years), the potential for predicting annual precipitation amounts tends to be higher than for annual event occurrence or intensity, with interannual potential predictability highest in both relatively dry and wet locations and lowest in transition regions. By contrast, at time scales greater than 7 years the potential for predicting annual event occurrence tends to be higher than amount or intensity, with &gt;20-yr time scale potential predictability highest in relatively wet locations and lowest in relatively dry locations. To highlight the utility of this type of analysis, two robust signals are selected for further investigation, including 1) approximately 10-yr time scale variations in potentially predictable annual amounts over the northwestern United States and 2) 20–60-yr time scale variations in potentially predictable annual event occurrence over the southwestern United States. While mechanistic drivers for these observed variations are still being investigated, concurrent and precursor climate-state estimates in the atmosphere and ocean—principally over the Pacific sector—are provided, the monitoring of which may help realize the potential for predicting precipitation variations in these regions.
Changes in Spatiotemporal Precipitation Patterns in Changing Climate Conditions
Authors: Chang Won , Stein Michael L. , Wang Jiali , Kotamarthi V. Rao , Moyer Elisabeth J. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractClimate models robustly imply that some significant change in precipitation patterns will occur. Models consistently project that the intensity of individual precipitation events increases by approximately 6%–7% K−1, following the increase in atmospheric water content, but that total precipitation increases by a lesser amount (1%–2% K−1 in the global average in transient runs). Some other aspect of precipitation events must then change to compensate for this difference. The authors develop a new methodology for identifying individual rainstorms and studying their physical characteristics—including starting location, intensity, spatial extent, duration, and trajectory—that allows identifying that compensating mechanism. This technique is applied to precipitation over the contiguous United States from both radar-based data products and high-resolution model runs simulating 80 years of business-as-usual warming. In the model study the dominant compensating mechanism is a reduction of storm size. In summer, rainstorms become more intense but smaller; in winter, rainstorm shrinkage still dominates, but storms also become less numerous and shorter duration. These results imply that flood impacts from climate change will be less severe than would be expected from changes in precipitation intensity alone. However, these projected changes are smaller than model–observation biases, implying that the best means of incorporating them into impact assessments is via “data-driven simulations” that apply model-projected changes to observational data. The authors therefore develop a simulation algorithm that statistically describes model changes in precipitation characteristics and adjusts data accordingly, and they show that, especially for summertime precipitation, it outperforms simulation approaches that do not include spatial information.
Evaluating the Performance of Jason-2 Open-Loop and Closed-Loop Tracker Modes
Authors: Martin-Puig Cristina , Leuliette Eric , Lillibridge John , Roca Mònica 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe Poseidon-3 altimeter on board Jason-2 includes a significant new capability with respect to its predecessors, an open-loop [Détermination Immédiate d’Orbite par Doris Embarqué (DIODE)/digital elevation model (DEM)] tracker mode. This innovative mode is capable of successfully tracking the backscatter signal over rapidly varying terrains, and thus it overcomes one of the limitations of the closed-loop Poseidon-2 tracker on board Jason-1. DIODE/DEM achieves this improvement thanks to a predetermined DEM on board that, when combined with DIODE orbit ephemeris, provides improved acquisition timing and reduced data loss in the coastal zone. As a further enhancement, Jason-3 and the Sentinel-3 programs will be capable of autonomously switching to this innovative mode in selected regions. To help recommend how these missions should utilize DIODE/DEM, the authors studied the impact of the tracker mode on the accuracy and precision of wave heights and wind speed, the continuity of the sea level climate data record, and the coverage in coastal regions. The results show close agreement between the open- and closed-loop tracker modes over the open ocean with the exception of some differences at high-tidal variability areas, the coastal zone, and sea ice regions. The DIODE/DEM tracker shows better performance than the closed-loop tracker mode at the coast and in the presence of sea ice. Jason-2, when operating in open-loop mode, allows for an approximately 5% increase of successful acquisitions at the ocean-to-land transition. However, open-loop tracking exhibits more variability in regions of high tides than closed-loop.
Treatment of Foot and Ankle Neuroma Pain With Processed Nerve Allografts
Authors: Souza Jason M. , Purnell Chad A. , Cheesborough Jennifer E. , Kelikian Armen S. , Dumanian Gregory A. 
Published: June 2016

Background: Localized nerve pain in the foot and ankle can be a chronic source of disability after trauma and has been identified as the most common complication following operative interventions in the foot and ankle. The superficial location of the injured nerves and lack of suitable tissue for nerve implantation make this pain refractory to conventional methods of neuroma management. We describe a novel strategy for management using processed nerve allografts to bridge nerve gaps created by resection of both end neuromas and neuromas-in-continuity. Methods: A retrospective review of a prospectively maintained database was performed of all patients who received a processed nerve allograft for treatment of painful neuromas in the foot and ankle between May 2010 and June 2015. Patient demographic and operative information was obtained, as well as preoperative and postoperative pain assessments using a conventional ordinal scale and PROMIS (Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System) Pain Behavior and Pain Interference assessments. Twenty-two patients were identified, with postoperative pain assessments occurring at a mean of 15.5 months after surgery. Results: Neuromas of the sural and superficial peroneal nerves were the most common diagnoses, with 3-cm nerve allografts being used as the interposition graft in the majority of cases. Eight patients had end neuromas and 18 patients had neuromas in continuity. Analysis of paired data demonstrated a mean ordinal pain score decrease of 2.6, with 24 and 31 percentage-point decreases in PROMIS Pain Behavior and Pain Interference measures, respectively. All changes were significant ( P < .002). Conclusion: The painful sequelae of superficial nerve injuries in the foot and ankle was significantly improved with complete excision of the involved nerve segment followed by bridging of the resulting nerve gap with a processed nerve allograft. This approach limits surgery to the site of injury and reconstitutes the peripheral nerve anatomy. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Comparison of Time to Recurrence of Instability After Open and Arthroscopic Bankart Repair Techniques
Authors: Virk Mandeep S. , Manzo Richard L. , Cote Mark , Ware James K. , Mazzocca Augustus D. , Nissen Carl W. , Shea Kevin P. , Arciero Robert A. 
Published: June 2016

Background: The results of open and arthroscopic instability repairs have been shown to be equivalent in recent literature. Purpose: To compare the time to recurrence (TTR) of instability and disease-specific outcome measures in patients undergoing open and arthroscopic Bankart repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients with recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder instability and a Bankart lesion on diagnostic arthroscopy underwent either open Bankart repair (OB) or arthroscopic Bankart and suture capsulorrhaphy (ABSC) using suture anchors. There was a minimum follow-up of 24 months. The primary outcome measures included Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI) score and time to recurrence of instability (dislocation or subluxation). Rowe score, Simple Shoulder Test, Constant score, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, and Short Form–12 (SF-12) score were also compared. Results: A total of 82 shoulders in 80 patients (ABSC, n = 58; OB, n = 24) were evaluated at a mean of 39 months postoperatively. There were 4 clinical failures in the OB group (4 dislocations) and 7 clinical failures in the ABSC group (2 dislocations and 5 subluxations; P = .72 vs OB). The mean time to recurrence of postoperative instability was significantly shorter in the ABSC group (12.6 ± 2.7 months) compared with the OB group (34.2 ± 12 months; P = .04). The WOSI score in the OB group (265 ± 48.1) was better but not statistically significantly compared with the ABSC group (449.8 ± 63.8; P = .06). Conclusion: The time to recurrence of instability after open Bankart repair is significantly longer compared with arthroscopic Bankart repair. Clinical Relevance: Delayed time to recurrence after open Bankart repair suggests that the open technique may be more suited to withstand the high stress and demands of a heavy-duty profession (contact athletes and heavy manual labor).
Exploiting expression patterns across multiple tissues to map expression quantitative trait loci
Authors: Acharya Chaitanya R. , McCarthy Janice M. , Owzar Kouros , Allen Andrew S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn order to better understand complex diseases, it is important to understand how genetic variation in the regulatory regions affects gene expression. Genetic variants found in these regulatory regions have been shown to activate transcription in a tissue-specific manner. Therefore, it is important to map the aforementioned expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) using a statistically disciplined approach that jointly models all the tissues and makes use of all the information available to maximize the power of eQTL mapping. In this context, we are proposing a score test-based approach where we model tissue-specificity as a random effect and investigate an overall shift in the gene expression combined with tissue-specific effects due to genetic variants.ResultsOur approach has 1) a distinct computational edge, and 2) comparable performance in terms of statistical power over other currently existing joint modeling approaches such as MetaTissue eQTL and eQTL-BMA. Using simulations, we show that our method increases the power to detect eQTLs when compared to a tissue-by-tissue approach and can exceed the performance, in terms of computational speed, of MetaTissue eQTL and eQTL-BMA. We apply our method to two publicly available expression datasets from normal human brains, one comprised of four brain regions from 150 neuropathologically normal samples and another comprised of ten brain regions from 134 neuropathologically normal samples, and show that by using our method and jointly analyzing multiple brain regions, we identify eQTLs within more genes when compared to three often used existing methods.ConclusionsSince we employ a score test-based approach, there is no need for parameter estimation under the alternative hypothesis. As a result, model parameters only have to be estimated once per genome, significantly decreasing computation time. Our method also accommodates the analysis of next- generation sequencing data. As an example, by modeling gene transcripts in an analogous fashion to tissues in our current formulation one would be able to test for both a variant overall effect across all isoforms of a gene as well as transcript-specific effects. We implement our approach within the R package JAGUAR, which is now available at the Comprehensive R Archive Network repository.
Optimizing the impact resistance of high tenacity Nylon 66 weft knitted fabrics via genetic algorithm
Authors: Semnani Dariush , Hassani Farshad , Hadjianfar Mehdi , Rezazadeh Tehrani Pedram 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe aim of the present research is evaluating the impact resistance of weft knitted fabrics which are knitted in basic patterns from the high tenacity Nylon 66. The woven fabrics have been applied for manufacturing technical and ballistic textiles so far. Although woven fabrics have been demonstrated satisfactory tensile properties, but they have not been resisted against impact, because of their poor strain against tensile forces. This research is important because knitted fabrics are applied in wide range of applications including technical textiles such as, package belts, safety belts, ballistic belts, and can be used to remove ice from airplane wings. Various knitted fabrics with different knitting elements such as knit, tuck and miss loops were produced. Mechanical properties including strength, work of the rupture and impact resistance of knitted samples were tested. The artificial neural network was used to predict mechanical properties of fabrics produced from the knitted structure as fitness function in genetic algorithm. After that, genetic algorithm was applied to find the optimum structure of knitted fabric with maximum impact resistance. The results of the genetic algorithm show that optimum structure of the fabric is cross-miss and rib structure with high stitch density.
Fashionable styles and information sources: an exploratory study of Hangzhou, China
Authors: Chen Dandan , Ha Jisoo 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe exploratory study aims to examine Hangzhou fashion in the context of globalization and localization through in-depth interviews. Sixteen young females from Hangzhou were interviewed. In the 1990s young females from Hangzhou had a weak concept of fashionable style and they just had a preference for the feminine style, which is derived from a regional culture. In the 2010s, young females’ concept regarding fashion have changed from fashionable (时髦) to stylish (有型), leading to a variety of fashionable styles. The popular Korean, European and minimalist styles mostly originate from foreign dramas and fashion advertisements from the Internet. This qualitative research verified that there was a diminishing sense of locality and cultural identity in young females’ fashion in Hangzhou. However, the impact of globalcultural eclecticism and mass media imagery appears larger for young females’ fashion in the city, especially through the Internet, especially in the spread of SNS, online shopping malls, and online video sites. Therefore, fashion brands should expand the brand culture influence through online media. Presently, the mobile apps in Hangzhou such as Wechat and Instagram may be the most helpful tool for brand culture spreading.
Inducement of tissue regeneration of harvested hamstring tendons in a rabbit model
Authors: Tabuchi K. , Soejima T. , Murakami H. , Noguchi K. , Shiba N. , Nagata K. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives The objective of this study was to determine if the use of fascia lata as a tendon regeneration guide (placed into the tendon canal following harvesting the semitendinosus tendon) would improve the incidence of tissue regeneration and prevent fatty degeneration of the semitendinosus muscle. Materials and Methods Bilateral semitendinosus tendons were harvested from rabbits using a tendon stripper. On the inducing graft (IG) side, the tendon canal and semitendinosus tibial attachment site were connected by the fascia lata, which was harvested at the same width as the semitendinosus tendon. On the control side, no special procedures were performed. Two groups of six rabbits were killed at post-operative weeks 4 and 8, respectively. In addition, three healthy rabbits were killed to obtain normal tissue. We evaluated the incidence of tendon tissue regeneration, cross-sectional area of the regenerated tendon tissue and proportion of fatty tissue in the semitendinosus muscle. Results At post-operative week 8, the distal end of the regenerated tissue reached the vicinity of the tibial insertion on the control side in two of six specimens. On the IG side, the regenerated tissue maintained continuity with the tibial insertion in all specimens. The cross-sectional area of the IG side was significantly greater than that of the control side. The proportion of fatty tissue in the semitendinosus muscle on the IG side was comparable with that of the control side, but was significantly greater than that of the normal muscle. Conclusions Tendon tissue regenerated with the fascia lata graft was thicker than naturally occurring regenerated tissue. However, the proportion of fatty tissue in the semitendinosus muscle was greater than that of normal muscle. Cite this article: K. Tabuchi, T. Soejima, H. Murakami, K. Noguchi, N. Shiba, K. Nagata. Inducement of tissue regeneration of harvested hamstring tendons in a rabbit model. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:247–252. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.56.2000585.
Resistance and reinvention: Representations of the belly dancing body in Raja Amari’s Satin rouge/Red Satin (2002)
Authors: Davies Hayon Kaya 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
During the French colonial era, belly dancers were defined in terms of their somatic alterity and their bodies were constructed as sites of degradation, lasciviousness, exoticisation and eroticisation. Though belly dancers remain key signifiers of eastern exoticism in both eastern and western societies today, a number of feminist critics and practitioners have (re)claimed the belly dancing body as a space of agency and empowerment (Keft-Kennedy 2005; Moe 2008). This paper argues that Raja Amari’s film, Satin rouge/Red Satin (2002b), contributes to such debates through its unusual focus on a Tunisian housewife and mother’s (sexual) liberation through belly dancing and her body. Through close analyses of key sequences in the film, I argue that Amari (re)conceptualises the belly dancing body as the primary means by which her protagonist is able to resist the restrictive roles of mother, housewife and widow imposed upon her by dominant Tunisian society. Reading the film alongside Reason and Reynolds’ (2012) work on ‘kinesthetic empathy’, I illustrate how Amari draws the spectator into an empathic kinesthetic relationship with her heroine that undermines the distance necessary for visual objectification and opens up new, more ethical ways of representing the belly dancing body. This paper concludes that Amari’s film resists dominant orientalist images of Maghrebi femininity and reinvents the belly dancing body as a symbol of (female) agency and power.
Constructions of sexuality in recent Maghrebi films by women film-makers
Authors: Caillé Patricia 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Since 1978 in Algeria and Tunisia and since 1982 in Morocco, women film-makers have sought to account for the oppression of women, for their struggle for freedom including artistic freedom. For the last ten years, films by women film-makers have become more numerous much more diverse moving away from naturalism and the narratives of emancipation that made the commercial success of Maghrebi films in Europe. Dealing with sexuality is complex because such images are often taboo and transgression may not be liberating for women film-makers who need to find a way to expose the shackles of patriarchy without catering to the pleasure of western audiences keen on orientalist fictions. This article that focuses on more recent films, like Karin Albou’s Le Chant des Mariées (2008), Raja Amari’s Les Secrets (2010) or even Leila Kilani’s Sur la planche (2010), or social films like Nadia Cherabi’s L’envers du miroir (2007), Myriam Bakir’s Agadir-Bombay (2011), explores national and regional specificities regarding images of sexuality. The goal of this analysis is to understand the terms within which such images that entail sexual pleasure or repression, rape and masturbation may redefine relationships of power.