bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Algorithm for Solving the Load Flow Problem in Distribution System
Authors: Kumar Vipin , Swapnil Shubham , Singh V. R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a fast and efficient method for load flow analysis of radial distribution networks. Here, an adaptive algorithm is proposed to analyze the load flow problem of distribution systems. An adaptive algorithm is the combination of backward/forward (BW/FW) sweep and cuckoo search (CS) algorithms. In the proposed method, the optimum load flow analysis of the radial distribution system is attained, while optimizing the voltage and current computation of the BW/FW sweep algorithm. Now, by the CS, the output voltage of the BW/FW sweep algorithm is compared with the standard voltage and optimized. From the optimized voltage and current, load flow parameters like power loss and real and reactive power flow are assessed. The proposed method is implemented using the MATLAB platform and tested into the IEEE 33 bus radial distribution system. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is determined by comparing with the BW/FW algorithm and genetic algorithm-based BW/FW algorithm.
Use of sol-gel hybrids for laser optical thin films
Authors: Belleville Philippe , Prené Philippe , Bonnin Claude , Montouillout Yves 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe CEA/DAM megajoule-class pulsed Nd:glass laser devoted to Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) research is requiring 7,000-m2 of coated area onto 10,000 optical components. Among these different optics, two specific examples of applied sol-gel chemistry will be described. First one is dealing with the 240 44-cm square cavity-end mirrors needing to be highly-reflective (HR)-coated onto deformable substrates. Such large dielectric mirrors are using interference quaterwave stacks of SiO2 and ZrO2-PVP (PolyVinylPyrrolidone) thin films, both starting from sol-gel colloidal suspensions (sols). The ZrO2-PVP high index layer is a nanohybrid material prepared from mixing nanosized-zirconia suspension with a transparent polymer solution (PVP). The oxide/polymer ratio of the hybrid system has been optimized regarding refractive index value and laser damage threshold. UV-curing of the nanohybrid has enabled optical coating stacking up to 20 layers, achieving 99% minimum reflection over the whole coated surface. FT-IR spectroscopy has been used to highlight particles/polymer chemical interactions and also polymer modifications under UV-irradiation.Second example is concerning development of a silica-based hybrid material to protect silvercoated light reflector used in laser pumping cavity. These metallic reflectors require a protective overlayer in order to preserve high-reflectivity front surfaces for long periods of operation under intense broadband flashlamp light and typical airborne contaminants. The so-called ormosil coating has been optimized in term of thickness and composition to enhance silver resistance to oxidation and tarnishing under UV-irradiation, to protect silver layer from clean-room cleaning procedure, to withstand 10,000 flashlamp glow-discharges exposure with the lowest possible change in the reflection value. To fulfil these requirements, the developed hybrid sol-gel material acts as an oxidation dense barrier, is chemical-resistant, is durable and remain transparent in the 400-1000nm wavelength range. Moreover, the sol-gel process allows industrial protective coating deposition onto large-sized and multi-shaped reflectors. These new protected reflectors will need to be replaced much less often than reflectors employed in current solid-state lasers, ensuring both higher performance and lower operating costs.
A Novel Route to Collagen-Silica Biohybrids
Authors: Coradin Thibaud , Giraud-Guille Marie-Madeleine , Helary Christophe , Livage Jacques , Sanchez Clément 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA novel synthetic pathway to obtain collagen-silica biohybrids using a co-gelation process is described. Concentration control of the inorganic and organic precursors leads to various morphologies. Of special interest is the possibility to obtain, through collagen templating, silica fibres that are maintained after protein removal.
Meso-Ordered Silica Films Formed by Sugar-Based Surfactants
Authors: Lavrenèiè-Štangar Uraka , Puchberger Michael , Hüsing Nicola 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSugar-based amphiphilic molecules are used as templates in the sol-gel processing of thin silica films. The films are prepared relying on solvent evaporation-induced self-assembly during dip-coating in a humidity controlled chamber. Different surfactants, such as the commercially available alkyl glycosides (e.g. n-octyl β-D-glucopyranoside and n-dodecyl β-D-maltopyranoside), are compared with respect to their ability to cooperatively self-assemble in alcoholic silicate solutions. The larger polar headgroup (maltose) decreases the critical packing parameter and thus beneficially influences the formation of a favorable hexagonal phase over the lamellar phase, which is formed with the glucose-based surfactant. The inorganic-organic composite films show a strong influence on the humidity during their synthesis. For nonstructured films, ordering could be achieved by exposing the as-deposited films to a high humidity for several hours. The final material is characterized by X-ray diffraction, nitrogen sorption and solid state NMR techniques.
Self-Organized Hybrid Solids
Authors: Moreau Joël J.E. , Vellutini Luc , Man Michel Wong Chi , Bied Catherine , Bantignies Jean-Louis , Dieudonné Philippe , Sauvajol Jean-Louis 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA new method has been developed for the synthesis of shaped-controlled bridged silsesquioxanes by the acid hydrolysis of urea-derived silylated precursors. This method is based on the ability of the hydrogen bonds of the urea groups to organize the molecules in a supramolecular architecture and provides after hydrolysis a new access to hybrid materials with controlled morphologies. A chirality transcription from a molecular precursor to a hybrid solid has been achieved. A right- and a left-handed helices have been obtained respectively from the chiral (R,R)- and the (S,S)-enantiomers of the diureido derivatives of trans-diaminocyclohexane. In a related way, a long range ordered hybrid solid has been obtained. Long carbon chain as spacer between the urea groups of the precursor affords lamellar hybrid silicas.
Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations of Strain-Induced Nanopatterning on Hexagonal Surfaces
Authors: Larsson M.I. , Lee B. , Sabiryanov R. , Cho K. , Nix W. , Clemens B.M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractGuided self assembly of periodic arrays of quantum dots has recently emerged as an important research field not only to reduce component size and manufacturing cost but also to explore and apply quantum mechanical effects in novel nanodevices. The intention of this kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulation study is to investigate self-organized nanopatterning on hexagonal surfaces for relaxed periodic surface strain fields applied to Pt(111) epitaxy. The KMC model is a full diffusion bond-counting model including nearest neighbor as well as second-nearest neighbor interactions with an event catalogue consisting of 8989 events modeling the effect of the biaxial surface strain field. The strain dependence of the fcc site and the saddle point for a Pt adatom migrating on top of the Pt(111) surface is calculated using the embedded atom method. Both the valley and the saddle point energies show an excellent linear dependence on the strain. These results are applied in the KMC model. The surface strain in this study is caused by a hexagonal network of dislocations at the interface between the substrate and a mismatched epitaxial layer. How the selforganization of deposited atoms is influenced by the surface strain will be addressed.
Base-Cataytic Properties of Solid Silicon Imidonitrides
Authors: Kroll Peter , Mertens Dirk 
Published: February 2017

AbstractStructural models of silicon imidonitride (SiNH) solids are studied using density functional methods. The porous models have densities between 1.6 and 2.4 g/cm3 with pore sizes between 4.5 Å and 7.5 Å. The networks consist of Si-N and N-H bonds only, with N-H and N-H2 groups located at the internal surface. Calculated Raman spectra compare very well with experimental results. We observed proton transfer reactions from an inserted malononitrile molecule to the SiNH-host during Car-Parrinello molecular dynamic simulations. The proton affinity of porous silicon imidonitride structures is confirmed by an energy gain for the proton transfer reaction to both N-H and N-H2 groups.
Dimension and Damage Control in Sintering of Multilayer Powder Composites
Authors: Olevsky Eugene A. , Maximenko Andrey L. , Arterberry John H. , Tikare Veena 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSintering distortions of two and three-layer composite powder structures are determined based upon the continuum theory of sintering implemented in a finite element computer code. The macroscopic constitutive parameters of the powder material are obtained on the basis of the meso-scale simulations of a realistic grain-pore structure. The model follows both the densification and the damage development during sintering using a new fracture criterion for the prediction of macroscopic strength in sintering.
Попередники розвитку післяопераційного делірію у пацієнтів похилого віку та шляхи терапевтичної тактики
Authors: Pavlov O.O. , Lutsyk S.A. 
Published: February 2017

За даними Всесвітньої організації охорони здоров’я, в Європі число пацієнтів похилого і старечого віку до 2030 р. становиме до 30 % від загальної чисельності населення, а до 2050 р. зросте в 2–3 рази. До факторів ризику післяопераційного делірію у хворих в хірургічній клініці відносять вік 65 років і більше, когнітивні дисфункції в анамнезі або деменцію, супутню тяжку соматичну патологію. Профілактичні заходи включають: забезпечення адекватної доставки кисню, корекцію водно-електролітного балансу, усунення больового синдрому, нормалізацію функцій шлунково-кишкового тракту і сечовиділення, усунення препаратів з антихолінергічними або допамінергічними властивостями. До нефармакологічних методів профілактики післяопераційного делірію зараховують забезпечення і підтримання орієнтації хворого у часі та просторі, що уявляється вкрай важливим і значущим. Підтримка мінімального рівня фізичної активності досягається шляхом виконання лікувальної гімнастики по 15 хвилин тричі на день під контролем медичного персоналу з лікувальної фізкультури. Важливим є забезпечення циклу «день/ніч» з вимиканням світла вночі та постійним освітленням удень, максимальне обмеження процедур і маніпуляцій у нічний час. Сучасні методи профілактики й лікування делірію мають обмежену доказову базу. Перспективним видається призначення в премедикацію 900 мг габапентину пацієнтам групи високого ризику щодо розвитку післяопераційного делірію. Авторами запропоновано звертати увагу на деякі параметри за правилом ABCDE. Основним напрямком профілактики післяопераційного делірію є спроби модифікації факторів ризику його розвитку. Необхідні подальші дослідження з метою розробки правильних і науково обґрунтованих методів профілактики та терапії післяопераційного делірію.
Docência Universitária a Distância: Um Estudo sobre o Processo de Ensino-Aprendizagem na Modalidade Semipresencial.
Authors: Parreira Júnior Waltenor Martins , Malusá Silvana , Oliveira Guilherme Saramago 
Published: February 2017

Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa sobre docência universitária a distância, em cursos de formação de professores que adotam a modalidade semipresencial. Teve como objetivo compreender como ocorre o olhar do professor universitário sobre sua prática pedagógica. Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa um questionário, construído nas abordagens quanti e qualitativa, composto por três partes: identificação/qualificação docente, conteúdo programático e questões abertas. Os docentes atuam em dois cursos de uma Instituição do Ensino Superior do Triângulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais Ele foi aprovado sob o nº 638/11 do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia – UFU. Os docentes pertencem a dois cursos de uma Instituição de Ensino Superior – IES do Estado de Minas Gerais. Os resultados constataram que os profissionais pesquisados fazem uso das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação – TICs - no processo de ensino-aprendizagem para a interação, organização, desenvolvimento dos conteúdos disciplinares e atividades de avaliação.
Nouns as Lexical Heads in Urhobo English Code-Switching
Authors: Oduaran Fure 
Published: February 2017

Two topics in the front burner of contact linguistics are bilingualism and code switching. Code switching between an indigenous language and the English language is pervasive where outer circle Englishes are spoken. Nigeria and other former colonies of Great Britain belong to this circle of Englishes. This study discusses nouns functioning as lexical heads in Urhobo/ English code switches. The switches include code switched NP[Z1] with determiner[Z2] s from Urhobo and head word[Z3] s from English; Urhobo –English complex Code switched NP with an adjective; complex CS NP with an adjective[Z4] prepositional phrase as complement. The study is premised on two theories. First is Noam Chomsky’s (1981) principles and parameters theory of transformational grammar which has been used for the analysis of the sentences. The second is Myers-Scotton’s (2002) Matrix Language Frame (MLF), which is used for distinguishing between the matrix and the embedded languages in the nominal phrasal constituents within the code switched sentences. In this study, Urhobo is the matrix language while English is the embedded[Z5] language based on matrix language frame (MLF) parameters. The study concludes that nouns functioning as lexical heads constitute part of the structural basis of Urhobo English code-switching. [Z1]NPs [Z2]determiners [Z3]words [Z4]adjective [Z5]embedded language
Perspectives of Rheumatologists on the Type 1 and 2 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Model
Authors: Eudy Amanda M. , Clowse Megan E. B. , Corneli Amy , Starling Summer , Molokwu Nneka Jebose , Swezey Teresa , Pisetsky David S. , Maheswaranathan Mithu , Doss Jayanth , Sun Kai , Sadun Rebecca E. , Criscione‐Schreiber Lisa G. , Rogers Jennifer L. 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThe Type 1 and 2 systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) Model was developed to encapsulate all signs and symptoms that patients with SLE experience. Our previous qualitative work demonstrated the model accurately reflects the lived experience of people living with SLE. The objective of this study was to present the Type 1 and 2 SLE Model to rheumatologists to understand how the model fits with their experiences treating patients with SLE.MethodsWe conducted a qualitative descriptive study using semistructured interviews with rheumatologists. Rheumatologists were asked about their general impression of the Type 1 and 2 SLE Model, how the model does or does not fit within their approach to treating patients with SLE, the utility of the model in clinical practice, and any suggested changes. Applied thematic analysis identified salient themes.ResultsWe interviewed 13 rheumatologists. The majority of rheumatologists approved of the model and found it useful to guide therapy and clinical decision‐making. Several rheumatologists thought the model was helpful for patient education to manage expectations about differences between Type 1 and Type 2 symptoms and treatments. A few rheumatologists expressed concern that the model could lead to an overdiagnosis of SLE.ConclusionThe Type 1 and 2 SLE Model was accepted by most rheumatologists interviewed and welcomed as a useful approach to identifying and treating symptoms in patients with SLE. Future studies will determine how implementing the Type 1 and 2 SLE Model affects patient understanding, the physician–patient relationship, and clinical outcomes.
Botanic Signal Monitor: Advanced Wearable Sensor for Plant Health Analysis
Authors: Xu Wenxuan , Chen Long , Hu Xuan , Zhang Lu , Huang Dizhangxiao , Li Jian , Xiong Ranhua , Huang Chaobo , Zhu Miaomiao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRecently, the decline in plant species, loss of crop yields, and reduced efficacy of herbal medicines due to environmental issues and biotic stresses have garnered significant attention. Developing smart devices for plant health monitoring is essential for early intervention, timely adjustment of the growing environment to combat environmental and pest stresses, and to promote robust plant growth, biodiversity, ecological balance, and sustainable agriculture. Flexible wearable sensors with the advantages of superior shape adaptation, excellent biocompatibility, and high integration have emerged as one of the most promising avenues for plant health monitoring. Here, recent advances in flexible wearable sensors based on monitoring different types of plant signals are summarized. The discussion focuses on the constituent materials, fabrication methods, and sensing mechanisms of each type of wearable sensor. In addition, the challenges and potential strategies are summarized for plant sensing development, including energy supply, materials and preparation, signal transmission, and data analysis.
Oxophilic Low‐Coordination Gd‐N3 Single Atom Sites With P‐Enhanced Second Coordination for High‐Performance Al‐Air Batteries
Authors: Liu Yan , Zhang Lei , Xu Qiaoling , Zhang Shijing , Zhou Yingtang , Hu Guangzhi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of efficient rare earth single‐atom (SA) catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is essential yet challenging for high‐performance aluminum‐air batteries (AABs). This study introduces a concept‐to‐proof strategy for synthesizing a hollow carbon‐supported gadolinium (Gd) SA catalyst using low‐coordination and second‐coordination sphere engineering. In this design, Gd atoms are coordinated to three nitrogen (N) atoms in N‐doped carbon and surrounded by six phosphorus (P) atoms, forming Gd‐N3‐P6 sites. These catalysts demonstrated exceptional ORR performance, achieving a half‐wave potential of 0.895 V and superior durability compared to the commercial Pt/C benchmark. When integrated into AABs, they delivered impressive performance, with a peak power density of 257 mW/cm2 and an energy density of 2916 Wh/kg, alongside enhanced cycling stability. In situ characterization and theoretical calculations revealed that the strategic placement of P atoms in the second coordination sphere significantly enhanced the valence state of the Gd site. This enhancement improved the adsorption capacity for O2 and H2O while facilitating the rapid desorption of *OH intermediates during the ORR. This study offers valuable insights into the development of cost‐effective ORR catalysts, emphasizing the significance of modulating the local coordination environment of metal SA sites.
Roll‐to‐Roll Production of High‐Performance All‐Organic Polymer Nanocomposites for High‐Temperature Capacitive Energy Storage
Authors: Wang Qitong , Ding Jiale , Jiang Wei , Jiang Zhenhua , Jiang Lei , Zhou Yahong , Zhang Yunhe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDielectric materials with significant performance in high temperatures are highly desired, especially in harsh environments. However, the polymer‐based dielectric films have developed so far, the production scale remains at the state of the lab. Here, an all‐organic strategy is proposed by introducing phenyl‐acid‐based polymer nanodots (PAPD) into Polyetherimide (PEI), achieving high capacitive energy storage properties even at 200 °C and mass production by an industrial continuous roll‐to‐roll process. The abundant hydrogen bonding between PAPD and PEI chains ensures uniform distribution for the enhanced interaction between nanofillers and polymer matrix. Under UV irradiation, the electron‐affinity and band gap of the film are further extended, which impede charge transfer and reduction of conductive loss. A low loading (0.3 wt.%) of PAPD renders the membrane significant improvement in breakdown strength and charge–discharge efficiency. An ultrahigh energy storage density of 5.1 J cm−3 with a charge–discharge efficiency of over 90% and charge–discharge cycle stability up to 2 × 104 cycles at 150 °C is observed. Furthermore, a 1000 m long roll of polymeric film is roll‐to‐roll fabricated on an industrial solution‐casting production line and the low cost makes practical commercial scale application possible. Considering the low loading and low cost of nanofiller, this all‐organic design strategy sheds light on the industrial application of high‐temperature dielectric materials.
Light‐Driven Green‐Fabricated Artificial Intelligence‐Enabled Micro/Nanorobots for Multimodal Phototherapeutic Management of Bladder Cancer
Authors: Hsiao Chi‐Hung , Lin Yung‐Wei , Liu Chia‐Hung , Nguyen Hieu Trung , Chuang Andrew E.‐Y. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCombination therapy based on precise phototherapies combined with immune modulation provides successful antitumor effects. In this study, a combination therapy is designed based on phototactic, photosynthetic, and phototherapeutic Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii (CHL)‐glycol chitosan (GCS)‐polypyrrole (PPy) nanoparticle (NP)‐enhanced immunity combined with the tumor microenvironment turnover of cytotoxic T cells and M1/M2 macrophages, which is based on photothermal GCS‐PPy NPs decorated onto the phototactic and photosynthetic CHL. Phototherapy based on CHL‐GCS‐PPy NPs alleviates hypoxia and modulates the tumor immune microenvironment, which induces tumor cell death. In particular, the precise antitumor immune response and potent immune memory induced by combining self‐navigated phototherapies significantly alleviate the progression of bladder cancer in C57BL/6 mice and effectively inhibit bladder tumor growth. Furthermore, they also potentially prevent tumor recurrence, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for clinical tumor therapy.
Sono‐Triggered Biomimetically Nanoantibiotics Mediate Precise Sequential Therapy of MRSA‐Induced Lung Infection
Authors: Ding Linyu , Liang Xiaoliu , Ma Jiaxin , Liu Xue , Zhang Yang , Long Qiuyue , Wen Zihao , Teng Zihao , Jiang Lai , Liu Gang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBacterial‐induced lower respiratory tract infections are a growing global health concern, exacerbated by the inefficacy of conventional antibiotics and delivery methods to effectively target the lower respiratory tract, leading to suboptimal therapeutic outcomes. To address this challenge, this work engineers PBP2a antibody‐presenting membrane nanovesicles (AMVs) specifically designed to target the penicillin‐binding protein variant on the surface of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Concurrently, this work develops pure ciprofloxacin nanoparticles (NanoCip) that, for the first time, exhibits exceptional self‐generated sonodynamic properties, attributed to hydrogen‐bond‐driven self‐assembly, while maintaining their inherent pharmacological efficacy. These NanoCip particles are integrated with AMVs to create a novel biomimetic nanomedicine, AMV@NanoCip. This formulation demonstrated remarkable MRSA‐targeting affinity in both in vitro and in vivo models, significantly enhancing antibacterial activity. Upon ultrasound stimulation, AMV@NanoCip achieves over 99.99% sterilization of MRSA in vitro, with a reduction exceeding 5.14 Log CFU. Prokaryotic transcriptomic analysis further elucidates the synergistic mechanisms by which AMV@NanoCip, coupled with ultrasound, disrupts the MRSA exoskeleton. In a MRSA‐induced pneumonia animal model, AMV@NanoCip+US results in a substantial bacterial load reduction in the lungs (99.99%, 4.02 Log CFU). This sequential treatment strategy (adhesion‐membrane disruption‐synergistic therapy) offers significant promise as an innovative therapeutic approach for combating bacterial infections.