bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better Informing the Market? The Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF)
Authors: Shattock Michael 
Published: January 2018

The current British policy toward higher education emphasizes that market forces and competition represent key factors in raising quality. Intense competition already exists in research through the Research Excellence Framework (REF) but this, it is argued, has led to a diversion of interest away from teaching. The REF is therefore to be paralleled by a Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF), which will better inform the student market. The TEF, the first results of which were announced in June, is metrics based and categorizes teaching as qualifying for a Gold, Silver, or Bronze award. The metrics have been heavily criticized. The article describes the metrics involved and the reactions to the first round of TEF awards.
Reenvisioning Welsh Postcompulsory Education
Authors: Hazelkorn Ellen 
Published: January 2018

In 2015, the Welsh government commissioned a review of its postcompulsory education system. Recommendations included the creation of a single regulatory, oversight, and coordinating authority bringing together further, higher, and adult learning. By its swift endorsement of the report’s principles and recommendations, the Welsh government conspicuously diverged from the market–demand drivenapproach adopted by the UK government for England.
Admissions in Japanese National Universities: The Need for Change
Authors: Ishikura Yukiko , Kawashima Tatsuo 
Published: January 2018

Higher education institutions have undergone significant changes concerning college admissions. Leading countries for higher education, such as the United Kingdom and the United States, as well as countries in Asia such as China, Korea, and Taiwan are making changes to their higher education systems. There is also a call for change in college admissions in Japan. Japanese universities, especially national universities, have heavily relied on test scores for student selection. However, universities are currently shifting theircollege admissions processes toward a holistic review approach. This involves making admission decisions by assessing not only academic achievements, but also students’ backgrounds, personal experience, and potential. This task was initiated by the government in response to the changing concepts of knowledge and fairness, as well as the perceived desirability of attracting students with diverse educational backgrounds. For higher education institutions both in Japan and abroad, college admission reforms become a necessary process. Japan, where the government has the most power for making decisions, offers other countriespriceless lessons about how top-down education/admission reforms are implemented or impeded.
Creating National Champions in France: A Little Less Égalité, a Little More Sélectivité?
Authors: Highman Ludovic 
Published: January 2018

The merger between Paris–Sorbonne University (Paris IV) and Pierre and Marie Curie University (Paris VI) will create a single, multidisciplinary institution in the heart of Paris. This merger needs to be contextualized within the national and European contexts, in order to shed light on the drivers, opportunities, and challenges behind a trend that has become increasingly visible among European nations, which seek torationalize and consolidate their higher education systems.
RNA mis‐splicing in children with congenital myotonic dystrophy is associated with physical function
Authors: Hartman Julia M. , Ikegami Kobe , Provenzano Marina , Bates Kameron , Butler Amanda , Jones Aileen S. , Berggren Kiera N. , Dekdebrun Jeanne , McKay Marnee J. , Baldwin Jennifer N. , Cornett Kayla M. D. , Burns Joshua , Kiefer Michael , Johnson Nicholas E. , Hale Melissa A. ,   the DMCRN Consortium
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesDysregulated RNA alternative splicing is the hallmark of myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). However, the association between RNA mis‐splicing and physical function in children with the most severe form of disease, congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM), is unknown.MethodsEighty‐two participants (42 adults with DM1 and 40 children with CDM) with muscle biopsies and measures of myotonia, motor function, and strength were combined from five observational studies. Data were normalized and correlated with an aggregate measure of alternative splicing dysregulation, [MBNL]inferred, in skeletal muscle biopsies. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed to predict [MBNL]inferred using clinical outcome measures alone. Similar analyses were performed to predict 12‐month physical function using baseline metrics.ResultsMyotonia (measured via vHOT) was significantly correlated with RNA mis‐splicing in our cross‐sectional population of all DM1 individuals; CDM participants alone displayed no myotonia despite a similar range of RNA mis‐splicing. Measures of motor performance and muscle strength were significantly associated with [MBNL]inferred in our cohort of all DM1 individuals and when assessing children with CDM independently. Multiple linear regression analyses yielded two models capable of predicting [MBNL]inferred from select clinical outcome assessments alone in all subjects (adjusted R2 = 0.6723) or exclusively in children with CDM (adjusted R2 = 0.5875).InterpretationOur findings establish significant correlations between skeletal muscle performance and a composite measure of alternative splicing dysregulation, [MBNL]inferred, in DM1. The strength of these correlations and the development of predictive models will assist in designing efficacious clinical trials for individuals with DM1, particularly CDM.
Robust Secure Tracking Control for Uncertain 2‐D Discrete Systems in a Networked Environment
Authors: Badie Khalid , Chalh Zakaria , Alfidi Mohammed 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis article investigates the robust secure output tracking control for a class of uncertain two‐dimensional (2‐D) networked control systems. The 2‐D systems are described by the well‐known Fornasini–Marchesini (FM) local state‐space model, the parameter uncertainties are assumed to reside in a polytopic region, and the deception attacks are supposed to occur randomly in the transmission process. In the problem formulation, Bernoulli random variables are used to characterize the phenomena of deception attacks. As main results, a novel performance analysis condition for the augmented closed‐loop system is proposed by using a novel parameter‐dependent Lyapunov function and some zero equalities. Furthermore, both parameter‐dependent and parameter‐independent controllers have been designed, respectively, such that the output of the 2‐D systems tracks the output of a given reference model well in the sense. The design conditions are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). In the end, a numerical simulation on a practical thermal process is applied to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Constructing Morphotropic Phase Boundary in Epitaxial BiFeO3 on SrTiO3 by Suppression of Strain Relaxation
Authors: Cheng Yue‐Yu‐Shan , Hu Yuxian , Murashita Taichi , Song Yu , Wang Hongliang , Okamoto Kazuki , Liu Lisha , Liu Yi‐Xuan , Zhang Xin , Huang Houbing , Li Jing‐Feng , Funakubo Hiroshi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe strain‐driven morphotropic boundary in BiFeO3 can enhance the piezoelectric properties. However, the tetragonal phase has generally been observed in BiFeO3 films grown on substrates with intense compressive strain (more than −4.5%) within a limited thickness range (<300 nm) due to significant thickness‐dependent strain relaxation during film growth at high deposition temperatures. This work proposes suppressing thickness‐dependent strain relaxation by decreasing growth temperature. Utilizing a hydrothermal method, the growth temperature of epitaxial BiFeO3 films decreases to 200 °C. As a result, the tetragonal phase is observed in 600‐nm‐thick BiFeO3 film on (001) SrTiO3 substrates (strain equals only −1.5%), accompanied by the monoclinic phase. This SrTiO3‐available morphotropic phase boundary significantly enhances the piezoelectric response in epitaxial BiFeO3 film. Ex situ and in situ measurements, theoretical calculations, and simulation confirm that the SrTiO3‐available morphotropic phase boundary originates from the suppressed strain relaxation. Furthermore, a critical temperature (400 °C), below which the tetragonal phase can be maintained, is identified to offer an applicable strategy for extending strain‐driven morphotropic phase boundary for high‐performance piezoelectric films.
All‐Optical Imaging Using Perovskite Nanocrystals Based on Spectro‐Spatial Correlation
Authors: Wang Xuhong , Gao Yuan , Meng Heyan , Zhao Xian , Sun Baoqing 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe exponential growth of data from sensors and internet‐connected devices has challenged traditional electronic computing, particularly in processing speed and power efficiency. Optical information processing, with its inherent high speed and parallelism, offers a promising solution. Moreover, optical processing is vital for developing all‐optical networks, where all‐optical imaging is essential. In this paper, a novel all‐optical imaging technique that leverages in situ anion exchange reactions between perovskite nanocrystals to create an array of pixels with tunable emission wavelengths is proposed. This method enables the conversion of UV light, whether transmitted or reflected by an object, into the visible spectrum, thereby establishing a direct correlation between spectral and spatial information. By employing wavelength division multiplexing (WDM), the approach reduces the dimensionality of information acquisition from two dimensions to one, enhancing imaging speed. This innovation paves the way for significant advancements in all‐optical imaging and image processing, offering new possibilities for faster and more efficient imaging technologies.
Platelet Extracellular Vesicles Loaded Gelatine Hydrogels for Wound Care
Authors: Back Florence , Barras Alexandre , Nyam‐Erdene Ariunjargal , Yang Jen‐Chang , Melinte Sorin , Rumipamba José , Burnouf Thierry , Boukherroub Rabah , Szunerits Sabine , Chuang Er‐Yuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPlatelet extracellular vesicles (pEVs) isolated from clinical‐grade human platelet concentrates are attracting attention as a promising agent for wound healing therapies. Although pEVs have shown potential for skin regeneration, their incorporation into wound bandages has remained limitedly explored. Herein, gelatine‐based hydrogel (PAH‐G) foams for pEVs loading and release are formulated by crosslinking gelatine with poly(allylamine) hydrochloride (PAH) in the presence of glutaraldehyde and sodium bicarbonate. The optimized PAH‐G hydrogel foam, PAH0.24G37, displayed an elastic modulus G’ = 8.5 kPa at 37 °C and retained a rubbery state at elevated temperatures. The excellent swelling properties of PAH0.24G37 allowed to easily absorb pEVs at high concentration (1 × 1011 particles mL−1). The therapeutic effect of pEVs was evaluated in vivo on a chronic wound rat model. These studies demonstrated full wound closure after 14 days upon treatment with PAH0.24G37@pEVs. The maintenance of a reduced‐inflammatory environment from the onset of treatment promoted a quicker transition to skin remodeling. Promotion of follicle activation and angiogenesis as well as M1–M2 macrophage modulation are evidenced. Altogether, the multifunctional properties of PAH0.24G37@pEVs addressed the complex challenges associated with chronic diabetic wounds, representing a significant advance toward personalized treatment regimens for these conditions.
A High‐Voltage n‐type Organic Cathode Materials Enabled by Tetraalkylammonium Complexing Agents for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Park Jaehyun , Houser Abigail M. , Zhang Shiyu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTetrabutylammonium (TBA) salt of hexacyano‐substituted cyclopropane dianion (Cp(CN)62−) is prepared through a facile two‐step synthetic protocol from commercially available materials and fully characterized as a high‐voltage n‐type organic cathode in rechargeable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). The addition of tetrabutylammonium triflate (TBAOTf) to the electrolyte mitigates dissolution issues, leading to enhanced cycling stability. Remarkably, the Cp(CN)62− cathode demonstrates a high discharge voltage of 1.43 V in AZIBs and retains 85% of its capacity after 1000 cycles at a high loading of 10 mg cm−2 and a cycling rate of 10C. These results, combined with spectroscopic analyses, elucidate a reversible two‐electron redox process of Cp(CN)62− facilitated by the insertion/de‐insertion of TBA cation. These findings underscore the potential of Cp(CN)62− as a conversion‐based n‐type cathode in energy storage applications.
Iodide Management and Oriented Crystallization Modulation for High‐Performance All‐Air Processed Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Yang Haichao , Xu Zhiyuan , Wang Huaxin , Qaid Saif M. H. , Mohammed Omar F. , Zang Zhigang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHalide‐related defects at the buried interface not only cause nonradiative recombination, but also seriously impair the long‐term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a bottom‐up, all‐in‐one modification strategy is proposed by introducing a multisite antioxidant ergothioneine (EGT) at the buried interface to manage iodide ions and manipulate crystallization dynamics. The findings demonstrate that EGT not only passivates uncoordinated Sn4+/Pb2+ defects, but also firmly anchors iodide ions and inhibits their oxidation to I2. Additionally, the modification by EGT enhances the oriented crystallization of perovskite, improves the carrier dynamics, and releases residual stresses. Consequently, the optimized all‐air processed device (Rb0.02(FA0.95Cs0.05)0.98PbI2.91Br0.03Cl0.06) achieves a remarkable power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 25.13%, which is among the highest values reported for devices fabricated in air, along with ultrahigh open‐circuit voltage (VOC) of 1.191 V and fill factor (FF) of 84.9%. The optimized device without encapsulation exhibits strong humidity, thermal, and operational stability under ISOS protocol. Specifically, the initial efficiency of the device is retained at 90.12% after 1512 h of thermal ageing at 65 °C and 90.14% after 930 h of continuous maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under simulated AM1.5 illumination.
Scalable Fabrication of High‐Performance Perovskite Solar Cell Modules by Mediated Vapor Deposition
Authors: Wang Yulong , Chen Jiahui , Zhang Yuxi , Lv Pin , Pan Junye , Hu Min , Tan Wen Liang , Ku Zhiliang , Cheng Yi‐Bing , Simonov Alexandr N. , Lu Jianfeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPerovskite solar cells (PSCs) can enable renewable electricity generation at low levelized costs, subject to the invention of an economically feasible technology for their large‐scale fabrication, like vapor deposition. This approach is effective for the fabrication of small area (<1 cm2) PSCs, but its scale‐up to produce high‐efficiency larger area modules has been limited by a severe imbalance between the vapor‐solid reaction kinetics and the mass‐transport of the volatile ammonium salt precursor. In this study, an amidine‐based low‐dimensional perovskite is introduced as an intermediate of the solid‐vapor reaction to help resolve this limitation. This improves reaction pathway produces unique vertically monolithic grains with no detectable horizontal boundaries, which is used to produce 1.0 cm2 PSCs with an efficiency of 22.1%, as well as 12.5 and 48 cm2 modules delivering 21.1% and 20.1% efficiency, respectively. The modules retain ≈85% of their initial performance after 900 h of continuous operation (ISOS‐L‐1 protocol) and ≈100% after 2800 h of storage in an ambient environment (ISOS‐D‐1 protocol).
Non‐Fouling Multi‐Azide Polyoxazoline Brush‐co‐Polymers for Sensing Applications
Authors: Komsthöft Tobias , Bartalucci Niccolò , Tibbitt Mark W. , Tosatti Samuele , Zürcher Stefan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One of the key parameters of an artificial biosensor is a high signal‐to‐noise ratio. This is achieved by limiting non‐specific interactions while simultaneously maximizing the targeted specific interaction. Here, it is combined non‐fouling characteristics of poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline) (PMOXA) coatings with an abundance of azide groups to create a multi‐azide containing poly(2‐methyl‐2‐oxazoline‐co‐2‐(3‐azidopropyl)‐2‐oxazoline) (PMCA) that can participate in bioorthogonal strain‐promoted azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (SPAAC) for functionalization. This functional polymer is made surface‐active using the PAcrAm™ technology to obtain well‐defined spontaneously adsorbed monolayers on gold surfaces. The resistance to non‐specific interactions is tested against full human serum (HS), analyzed via variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry (VASE), and compared to equivalent coatings based on PMOXA and azido‐poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG‐N3). The specific interactions are investigated via VASE and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM‐D) by immobilization of dibenzocyclooctyne‐PEG4‐biotin conjugate (DBCO‐biotin) and streptavidin. The new PMCA‐based coating shows superior resistance to non‐specific protein adhesion than equivalent coatings based on commercially available PEG‐N3 and significantly increases capacity for SPAAC. A proof of principle assay (biotin‐streptavidin/biotin‐BSA/anti‐BSA) shows improved binding for the new PMCA polymer compared with single azide PEG.
Highly Enhanced Light Recycling in Quantum Dot Displays by Sidewall Reflectors
Authors: Jang Jaedong , Cho Hyunsu , Choi Sukyung , Jeon Hyewon , Kang Chan‐mo , Kim Yongjae , Kang Hohyung , Hahm Donghyo , Kim Jin Sun , Jeong Jong Ho , Kim Jeong Ah , Choi Wonseok , Cho Soo‐Yeon , Jung Woo‐Bin , Jeon Duk Young , Bae Wan Ki , Youn Hyoc‐Min , Cho Nam Sung , Jung Hee‐Tae 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuantum dot (QD) color conversion‐based displays have emerged as one of the most promising next‐generation devices due to their superior emission properties in terms of color expression. To date, however, existing QD color conversion layer (QD‐CCL) technologies have suffered from low luminance and power efficiency, mainly due to significant light absorption by the bank structure. Here, the color conversion efficiency of QD‐CCL has been significantly enhanced by fabricating a highly reflective metal layer on the side surface of the bank structure. Using a high‐aspect‐ratio silver reflector fabricated through a secondary sputtering lithographic technique involving argon ion bombardment, the fabricated QD‐CCL is combined with a blue organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) serving as a light source. As a result, light recycling from the reflector significantly enhances color conversion efficiency and luminance by up to 4.60‐fold and 4.29‐fold, respectively. Optical simulation reveals that higher pixel resolution provides greater reflection probabilities during extraction. This photomask‐free approach is not only simple but also highly compatible with existing semiconductor fabrication processes, making it a viable commercial alternative for all color‐converting structures that utilize light‐emitting materials with omnidirectional emission characteristics.
Heterostructure of Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks for White Light Emission and Information Encryption
Authors: Zhao He , Hu Siwen , Liang Meng , Xue Pengchong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTwo dumbbell‐shaped building blocks (TMB and TMBT), featuring methyl benzoate groups as hydrogen bond units, are selected to construct heterostructures of HOFs, aiming to achieve multiple functions including white luminescence, stimulus‐response behavior, as well as application in information encryption. TMB molecules are self‐assembled to form a flexible HOF (X‐HOF‐8) in p‐xylene, containing solvent channels and blue fluorescence. Upon removal of guests, it can transform into a nonporous crystal with gray fluorescence. In contrast, TMBT forms a guest‐free HOF (X‐HOF‐9) displaying orange fluorescence. They could form bulk heterojunction (BHJ) HOFs with energy transfer from TMB to TMBT, exhibiting composition‐dependent fluorescent color. Notably, white emission can be achieved in BHJ HOFs and can be converted to gray fluorescence upon guest removal; subsequently, white fluorescence is restored upon re‐capturing guests. Furthermore, rod‐like triblock heterojunction (THJ) HOFs can also be constructed, which exhibit regulatory behavior in response to gaining or losing guests. The unique luminescent characteristics and stimulus responsiveness of these HOFs make them an excellent platform for applications in anticounterfeit. This represents the pioneering achievement of white light emission in a BHJ HOF, as well as the groundbreaking realization of a THJ HOF with remarkable exciting response characteristics.
Straightforward Synthesis Methodology for Obtaining Excellent ORR Electrocatalysts From Biomass Residues Through a One Pot‐High Temperature Treatment Approach
Authors: Alemany‐Molina G. , Pabón‐Román K. M. , Chinchilla L. E. , Calvino J. J. , Morallón E. , Cazorla‐Amorós D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMaterials prepared from biomass residues are potential candidates to substitute the Pt‐based commercial electrocatalysts in oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Although some investigations have reported activity and durability comparable to Pt/C using biomass‐derived catalysts based on Fe─N─C sites, it remains a challenge to decrease the environmental impact of the production of these materials. A straightforward procedure is developed to obtain excellentORR electrocatalysts from biomass residues which requires a single high‐temperature treatment. The final washing step is avoided by optimizing the initial amount of Fe precursor (FeC2O4). Besides the formation of iron oxide nanoparticles, a highly dispersed Fe phase is detected by High Angle Annular Dark Field Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Energy Dispersive X‐Ray Spectroscopy (HAADF‐STEM‐XEDS) analysis as well as graphitic carbon structures. The best performance for almond shell‐based electrocatalysts is achieved for the sample containing 4.6 wt. % of Fe. The procedure developed is also applied to oceanic posidonia and eucalyptus residues, also showing excellent ORR behavior. The best sample is studied in a primary Zn‐air battery (ZAB) obtaining a maximum power density of 59 mW cm−2 and 755 mAh gZn−1 capacity.
Lactylation‐Driven IGF2BP3‐Mediated Serine Metabolism Reprogramming and RNA m6A—Modification Promotes Lenvatinib Resistance in HCC
Authors: Lu Yuanxiang , Zhu Jinghan , Zhang Yuxin , Li Wentao , Xiong Yixiao , Fan Yunhui , Wu Yang , Zhao Jianping , Shang Changzhen , Liang Huifang , Zhang Wanguang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAcquired resistance remains a bottleneck for molecular‐targeted therapy in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Metabolic adaptation and epigenetic remodeling are recognized as hallmarks of cancer that may contribute to acquired resistance. In various lenvatinib‐resistant models, increased glycolysis leads to lactate accumulation and lysine lactylation of IGF2BP3. This lactylation is crucial for capturing PCK2 and NRF2 mRNAs, thereby enhancing their expression. This process reprograms serine metabolism and strengthens the antioxidant defense system. Additionally, altered serine metabolism increases the availability of methylated substrates, such as S‐adenosylmethionine (SAM), for N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) methylation of PCK2 and NRF2 mRNAs. The lactylated IGF2BP3‐PCK2‐SAM‐m6A loop maintains elevated PCK2 and NRF2 levels, enhancing the antioxidant system and promoting lenvatinib resistance in HCC. Treatment with liposomes carrying siRNAs targeting IGF2BP3 or the glycolysis inhibitor 2‐DG restored lenvatinib sensitivity in vivo. These findings highlight the connection between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic regulation and suggest that targeting metabolic pathways may offer new strategies to overcome lenvatinib resistance in HCC.