bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent Training for Disruptive Behaviors in Referred Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Breider Simone , de Bildt Annelies , Greaves-Lord Kirstin , Dietrich Andrea , Hoekstra Pieter J. , van den Hoofdakker Barbara J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether face-to-face and therapist-assisted online (i.e., blended) behavioral parent training are effective on reducing disruptive behaviors in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in routine mental health care. Ninety-seven children with ASD (4–13 years; 76 boys) were randomized to face-to-face parent training, blended parent training, or a waitlist control condition. We assessed treatment effects on parent-rated child noncompliance (primary outcome) and irritability (secondary outcome). This involved comparing both formats separately to the control condition using linear regression models. Child behaviors at 6 months follow-up were also examined. Children in the face-to-face parent training condition improved significantly more on noncompliance and irritability than children in the waitlist condition and improvements sustained to 6 months follow-up. Children in the blended condition did not improve more than children in the waitlist condition and attrition was high. Our results extend findings from efficacy studies to routine mental health care and advocate the use of face-to-face parent training for disruptive behaviors in children with ASD. More research into blended parent training programs for children with ASD and disruptive behaviors in routine mental health care should be conducted to draw more definite conclusions about the value of blended parent training for these children. Trial registration number NL4712; date of registration 22–10–2014.
The Integrated Model: Dynamic Changes in Mother–Child Relationship in the Context of Intimate Partner Violence
Authors: Wong Anne Chun Miao , Ho Rainbow Tin Hung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the explicit and implicit aspects of mother–child relationship to explain changes in the relationship led by changes in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV) over time. The explicit mother–child relationship involves verbal and conscious communications, while the implicit relationship consists of nonverbal and nonconscious interactions.

Method
Grounded Theory was employed to assert the participant perspectives as most important. Participants included 33 Chinese mother–child survivors (13 mothers and 20 children) who were residents and ex-residents of a shelter for abused women and their children in Hong Kong. Data on their explicit relationship was collected from qualitative individual interviews. An art-based method, Joint Painting Procedure (JPP), was applied to obtain dyadic mother–child data on their implicit relationship.

Results
The integrated model, “Dynamic changes in mother–child relationship in the context of IPV”, was grounded in three main parts of findings. First, the participants’ intersecting social identities and backgrounds. Second, the changes in their explicit relational dynamics led by the transitions in the context of IPV. Third, their bidirectional and reciprocal implicit relational dynamics elicited through their JPP and post-painting discussions.

Conclusion
The integrated model has significant implications for professional interventions at the post-separation stage. First, IPV is an intersectional social problem requiring social and policy changes, and consideration of diversities among mother–child survivors. Second, the mother–child relationship and the context of IPV are dynamic and changing instead of static. Third, the implicit relationship provides a new dimension for professional interventions to strengthen the mother–child relationship.
Traits Underlying Experimentally Evolved Dispersal Behavior in Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Pointer Michael D. , Spurgin Lewis G. , Vasudeva Ramakrishnan , McMullan Mark , Butler Simon , Richardson David S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDispersal is an important behavior in many animals, with profound effects on individual fitness and the evolutionary trajectories of populations. This is especially true within taxa with particular life-history strategies, for example those that exploit ephemeral habitat. Further, dispersal is commonly seen to be part of behavioral syndromes - suites of traits that covary across behavioral contexts. The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae), is a major post-harvest crop pest responsible for large losses through the infestation of stored grain. In this system dispersal is known to have a strong genetic basis and differential artificial selection on dispersal traits produces strong phenotypic divergence. However, it is unknown which traits are able to rapidly evolve to produce these results, or which behavioral components underlie differences in dispersal. Using replicate lines of T. castaneum previously selected for divergent dispersal behavior, we test for correlated activity and movement patterns, morphology and substrate surface use. We find robustly repeatable associations between the dispersal phenotype and higher activity, straighter paths, larger body size (but not relative leg length) and increased tendency to remain at the surface of fodder. Together our results suggest that dispersal is part of a syndrome of traits in T. castaneum, and must be treated as such when considering the evolution of dispersal in this system, and in attempting to predict and control its spread.
Population-based survival analysis of primary spinal chordoma in the US from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Agner Kevin E. , Larkins Michael C. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Chordomas are rare malignant tumors that occur primarily in the axial skeleton. We seek to analyze trends affecting five-year overall survival (5y OS) among patients with primary spinal chordomas (PSC) of the vertebrae and sacrum/pelvis.

Methods
The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program was used to identify patients with PSC (ICD-O-3 histology codes 9370/3, 9371/3, and 9372/3) of the spine or sacrum/pelvis. Multivariate and univariate survival analyses were conducted to assess demographic, disease, or treatment characteristic trends.

Results
Eight-hundred-ninety-six patients diagnosed with PSC were identified. Patients 0–54 years at diagnosis had improved 5y OS compared to those either 55–69 years (HR = 1.78; p = 0.046) or those between 70 and 85 + years (HR = 3.92; p < 0.001). Histology impacted 5y OS: Cox regression demonstrated variance among the three histologies assessed (p < 0.001), while univariate analysis demonstrated patients with dedifferentiated chordoma (1.0% of cohort; 33.3% [1.9,64.7]) and chondroid chordoma (2.0% of cohort; 52.5% [26.1,78.9]) had decreased 5y OS compared to those with general chordoma (72.2% [68.8,75.6]; p < 0.001). Nonmarried patients had decreased 5y OS on univariate analysis (65.2% [59.4,71.0] versus 76.2% [72.0,80.4]), with widowed patients being the primary driver of this on subanalysis. Treatment with gross total resection was associated with increased 5y OS (HR = 0.22, p < 0.001), as was treatment with radiotherapy (HR = 0.69, p = 0.030).

Conclusion
Patient age and marital status were significant demographic factors associated with changes in 5y OS among those with PSC. PSC histology is a potentially important prognostic factor in the management of disease.
Incorporation of undissolved lime from previous applications can ameliorate subsoil acidity promptly and improve crop performance on sandy soils of the semi-arid regions of Western Australia
Authors: Azam Gaus , Rahman Md Shahinur 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background and aims
Repeated surface application of lime for managing subsoil acidity is slow and ineffective, resulting in an accumulation of undissolved lime (carbonate) in the topsoil. We investigated the impact of the incorporation of undissolved lime into the subsoil to improve acidity and crop performance.

Methods
The undissolved lime in 2-cm layers of topsoil (0–10 cm) from three long-term experiments in Western Australia was measured. Both limed and unlimed topsoil with the acidic subsoil of the same profile was incubated at eight incorporation rates for six weeks, followed by growing barley and wheat in the incubated soil for two weeks to assess the impact on soil acidity and crop root architecture, respectively. Furthermore, a three-year-long field experiment was conducted following strategic tillage in limed and control plots to assess the impact on soil acidity and performance of wheat, canola and barley.

Results
A significant amount of undissolved lime was concentrated in the topsoil, amounting to 1.7, 1.8 and 1.3 t/ha for the limed plots at Wongan Hills, Northam and Merredin, respectively. Incubation of 5–25% topsoil after incorporation with the acidic subsoil was enough to ameliorate subsoil acidity and to improve root length density by up to 13-fold depending on undissolved lime content in topsoils and soil type. In the field experiment, the incorporation of undissolved lime also significantly improved subsoil acidity and canola performance.

Conclusion
We concluded that the incorporation of topsoil containing sufficient undissolved lime with acidic subsoil may offer a quick amelioration of subsoil acidity.
Familias con Orgullo: Pilot Study of a Family Intervention for Latinx Sexual Minority Youth to Prevent Drug Use, Sexual Risk Behavior, and Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Estrada Yannine , Lozano Alyssa , Tapia Maria I. , Fernández Alejandra , Harkness Audrey , Scott Dalton , Lee Tae Kyoung , Rahman Abir , Prado Guillermo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFamilies are key in the healthy development of Latinx sexual minority youth (Latinx SMY), a group that experiences behavioral, mental, and sexual health disparities. Despite this, there are no family-based interventions for Latinx SMY and their families to prevent drug use, sexual risk behaviors, and depressive symptoms. The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the preliminary impact (i.e., estimated effect sizes) of Familias con Orgullo (FcO) and examine its feasibility and acceptability among 30 Latinx SMY and their parents. Parents and adolescents were randomized to FcO or a control condition and assessed pre/post-intervention. Feasibility was measured based on session completion and effect sizes. Focus groups were conducted to evaluate intervention acceptability. Findings showed promising effects favoring FcO on parent-adolescent communication (d = 0.46) and parental involvement (d = 0.34). There were also promising effects favoring FcO on suicidal thoughts (OR = 0.75) and depression symptoms (OR = 0.69). Finally, 100% of the adolescents in FcO either continued to remain drug-free or transitioned from current use to no use (from baseline to post-intervention) compared to 74% in the control. Effect sizes for condomless sex, parental monitoring, and positive parenting were small. Session completion (above 80%) and focus group findings indicated strong feasibility and acceptability. FcO holds promise for reducing drug use and depressive symptoms and improving family functioning among Latinx SMY.
Deep shared learning and attentive domain mapping for cross-domain recommendation
Authors: Gheewala Shivangi , Xu Shuxiang , Yeom Soonja 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCross-domain recommendations (CDR) present a viable solution and are increasingly used to address the cold-start problem. Recently, CDR methods are utilizing deep models to generate latent preferences from context vectors or rating matrices and transfer these preferences between domains. However, many of these models focus on learning latent preferences using domain-related information and often disregard preference patterns from the contrary domain. Incorporating the contrary domain preference patterns into deep models can improve the generation of more effective latent representations. Moreover, existing CDR models face challenges in effectively transferring mapped preferences between domains due to the large features disparity between them. In this study, we tackle these problems and present a novel Deep Shared Learning and Attentive Domain Mapping (DSAM) approach for CDR. Specifically, we propose a variant of Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) called shared learning LSTM, which incorporates the learning of cross-domain preference patterns alongside domain-specific user/item embeddings derived from textual reviews to dynamically generate shared contextual representations in each domain. We further exploit a multi-head self-attentive network to match item-specific knowledge from the source and target domains into different subspaces. We aggregate this learned knowledge to predict rating scores for cold-start users in the target domain. We efficiently optimize this framework in an end-to-end fashion. Experimental results on five real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach against various groups of recommendation models. Additionally, we provide insights to help understand the model architecture and its robustness in handling cold-start users.
Convex semi-infinite programming algorithms with inexact separation oracles
Authors: Oustry Antoine , Cerulli Martina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSolving convex semi-infinite programming (SIP) problems is challenging when the separation problem, namely, the problem of finding the most violated constraint, is computationally hard. We propose to tackle this difficulty by solving the separation problem approximately, i.e., by using an inexact oracle. Our focus lies in two algorithms for SIP, namely the cutting-planes (CP) and the inner-outer approximation (IOA) algorithms. We prove the CP convergence rate to be in O(1/k), where k is the number of calls to the limited-accuracy oracle, if the objective function is strongly convex. Compared to the CP algorithm, the advantage of the IOA algorithm is the feasibility of its iterates. In the case of a semi-infinite program with a Quadratically Constrained Quadratic Programming separation problem, we prove the convergence of the IOA algorithm toward an optimal solution of the SIP problem despite the oracle’s inexactness.
Days Not at Home: Association of Vulnerability with Healthcare Utilization After Hospitalization for Heart Failure
Authors: Welch Sarah A. , Di Gravio Chiara , Schildcrout Jonathan S. , Trochez Ricardo , Shi Yaping , Nair Devika , Vasilevskis Eduard E. , Mixon Amanda S. , Bell Susan P. , Kripalani Sunil 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Heart failure (HF) hospitalizations are characterized by vulnerability in functioning and frequent post-discharge healthcare utilization in both acute and post-acute settings.

Objective
To determine, in patients hospitalized for decompensated HF, the association of vulnerability with (1) detailed forms of post-discharge healthcare utilization, and (2) days spent away from home after initial hospital discharge.

Design
Secondary analysis of a prospective longitudinal cohort study from a single-center academic institution in the USA.

Participants
Adults admitted with acute decompensated HF who were discharged alive.

Main Measures
The Vulnerable Elders Survey 13 (VES-13) measured functional vulnerability at baseline. The primary outcome was the Highest Healthcare Utilization (HHU) 90 days post-discharge, from the following ordered categories: at home, emergency room visit, skilled nursing facility stay, hospital readmission, or death. The secondary outcome was the proportion of days not at home (DNAH) within the first 90 days. Analyses were performed using a partial proportional odds model with adjustment for demographics and health characteristics.

Key Results
A total of 806 patients were included with median age 65, interquartile range [IQR] 55–73 years. Fewer than half (N = 345 [43%]) of patients remained alive and at home during 90-day follow-up. There were 286 [35%] hospital readmissions and 70 [8.7%] participants died. The median DNAH was 3 [IQR 0–16]. Increased vulnerability was associated with (1) HHU, (2) higher odds of utilizing healthcare or dying versus being at home alive 90 days post-discharge (OR 1.81 [95% CI, 1.35, 2.42]), and (3) higher odds of DNAH in the first 90 days (OR 1.55 [95% CI, 1.27, 1.89]).

Conclusions
In this cohort of patients hospitalized for decompensated HF, vulnerability predicted higher levels of healthcare utilization, as well as total days not at home in the 90 days following hospitalization. Vulnerability may have clinical applications to identify patients at greatest need for comprehensive, patient-centered discharge planning.
Comparing head-mounted and handheld augmented reality for guided assembly
Authors: Leins Nicolas , Gonnermann-Müller Jana , Teichmann Malte 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDifferent Augmented Reality (AR) displays are becoming more commonly used for work since AR promises benefits by offering support, e.g., with additional information or hints. However, most research compares AR with traditional work support, like paper-based or web-based instructions. Since various AR technologies offer device-specific advantages and disadvantages, different AR technologies are more or less suitable to offer support without overwhelming or distracting the worker. Research, therefore, needs to derive empirical results from comparing different AR displays to derive concrete recommendations for action on the use and design of AR for specific contexts. To address this research gap, this experimental study investigates the effect of video-see-through head-mounted AR (Varjo XR-3) vs. handheld AR (Apple iPad) on performance (time and committed failure), motivation, and cognitive load for guided assembly. The study results reveal that both AR displays can successfully guide people in guided assembly tasks. On a descriptive level, the head-mounted AR device reveals slightly better results in terms of time and committed failures. Notably, the impact of technical restrictions on the study results was still evident. Accordingly, further investigation of device-specific differences is of continuing importance.
Rapamycin Treatment Reduces Brain Pericyte Constriction in Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Beard Daniel J. , Brown Lachlan S. , Morris Gary P. , Couch Yvonne , Adriaanse Bryan A. , Karali Christina Simoglou , Schneider Anna M. , Howells David W. , Redzic Zoran B. , Sutherland Brad A. , Buchan Alastair M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe contraction and subsequent death of brain pericytes may play a role in microvascular no-reflow following the reopening of an occluded artery during ischemic stroke. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibition has been shown to reduce motility/contractility of various cancer cell lines and reduce neuronal cell death in stroke. However, the effects of mTOR inhibition on brain pericyte contraction and death during ischemia have not yet been investigated. Cultured pericytes exposed to simulated ischemia for 12 h in vitro contracted after less than 1 h, which was about 7 h prior to cell death. Rapamycin significantly reduced the rate of pericyte contraction during ischemia; however, it did not have a significant effect on pericyte viability at any time point. Rapamycin appeared to reduce pericyte contraction through a mechanism that is independent of changes in intracellular calcium. Using a mouse model of middle cerebral artery occlusion, we showed that rapamycin significantly increased the diameter of capillaries underneath pericytes and increased the number of open capillaries 30 min following recanalisation. Our findings suggest that rapamycin may be a useful adjuvant therapeutic to reduce pericyte contraction and improve cerebral reperfusion post-stroke.
Permanently Rotate the Winning Team
Authors: Eichenberger Reiner , Frey Bruno S. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInternational business is highly dynamic, diverse, and innovative. In such an environment, the institution of a single CEO exhibits several major drawbacks: The interests and strategies of the CEO and other top managers are often not well aligned, allocating so much power to one person is risky, and the change of a CEO entails large costs due to discontinuities in strategy. The standard alternative to a single CEO is a top management team working collectively. Its decisions tend to be poorly focused and insufficiently implemented as its members often cater more to the interests of their department or service unit than to the success of the whole firm.Based on a comparative economic analysis of the top-managers’ incentives, we argue that a novel governance institution of a rotating chief executive officer is better adapted to international business. Our proposal combines the two traditional systems by regularly rotating the CEO position among the members of a leadership team. The special interests of the various branch managers are checked as they are integrated into pursuing the overall goals of the firm. Rotation contributes to overcoming the specific interests and silo mentality of the various sections and departments in a firm. We discuss how the new institution can be designed, assess its most important advantages and the problems involved, and relate it to other rotating leadership systems in the modern economy, in history and in politics.
Traditional and digital entrepreneurial ecosystems: a framework of differences and similarities
Authors: Lado Alexandre , Castro-Abancens Ignacio , Moreno-Menéndez Ana M. , Casillas José C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEntrepreneurial ecosystems in various geographical areas of the world are often compared in the context of entrepreneurship research. There are far fewer comparative studies on different types of ecosystems. In this study, a traditional entrepreneurial ecosystem based in Canada is compared with a digital entrepreneurial ecosystem specializing in life sciences, in Switzerland, bridging the gap between both and yielding previously unknown insights. The aim is twofold: to decipher both the differences and the similarities between the two models and to describe the predominant type of entrepreneurship in each case. The method consisted of a quantitative study of socio-economic data in combination with the administration of a qualitative analysis of interviews with—industry, government, and university—experts with links to one or the other ecosystem. The main findings showed that the traditional ecosystem had varied entrepreneurial support, public financial support, and collaborative networks between SMEs and start-ups, whereas in the specialized digital ecosystem, business support tended to be sector-specific with private financial support and networks emerging between multinationals and start-ups. Our study contributes to entrepreneurship research by showing that high-tech industries such as biotechnology and medical technology manage to go beyond a purely digital approach in digital ecosystems. The generic nature of the high-tech industries within the traditional ecosystem was the main driver of traditional entrepreneurship, while the sector-specific approaches of the industries within the specialized digital ecosystems were shown to drive innovative entrepreneurship.