bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ground-based acoustic parametric generator impact on the atmosphere and ionosphere in an active experiment
Authors: Rapoport Yuriy G. , Cheremnykh Oleg K. , Koshovy Volodymyr V. , Melnik Mykola O. , Ivantyshyn Oleh L. , Nogach Roman T. , Selivanov Yuriy A. , Grimalsky Vladimir V. , Mezentsev Valentyn P. , Karataeva Larysa M. , Ivchenko Vasyl. M. , Milinevsky Gennadi P. , Fedun Viktor N. , Tkachenko Eugen N. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract. We develop theoretical basics of active experiments with two beams of acoustic waves, radiated by a ground-based sound generator. These beams are transformed into atmospheric acoustic gravity waves (AGWs), which have parameters that enable them to penetrate to the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions where they influence the electron concentration of the ionosphere. Acoustic waves are generated by the ground-based parametric sound generator (PSG) at the two close frequencies. The main idea of the experiment is to design the output parameters of the PSG to build a cascade scheme of nonlinear wave frequency downshift transformations to provide the necessary conditions for their vertical propagation and to enable penetration to ionospheric altitudes. The PSG generates sound waves (SWs) with frequencies f1 = 600 and f2 = 625 Hz and large amplitudes (100–420 m s−1). Each of these waves is modulated with the frequency of 0.016 Hz. The novelty of the proposed analytical–numerical model is due to simultaneous accounting for nonlinearity, diffraction, losses, and dispersion and inclusion of the two-stage transformation (1) of the initial acoustic waves to the acoustic wave with the difference frequency Δf = f2 − f1 in the altitude ranges 0–0.1 km, in the strongly nonlinear regime, and (2) of the acoustic wave with the difference frequency to atmospheric acoustic gravity waves with the modulational frequency in the altitude ranges 0.1–20 km, which then reach the altitudes of the ionospheric E and F regions, in a practically linear regime. AGWs, nonlinearly transformed from the sound waves, launched by the two-frequency ground-based sound generator can increase the transparency of the ionosphere for the electromagnetic waves in HF (MHz) and VLF (kHz) ranges. The developed theoretical model can be used for interpreting an active experiment that includes the PSG impact on the atmosphere–ionosphere system, measurements of electromagnetic and acoustic fields, study of the variations in ionospheric transparency for the radio emissions from galactic radio sources, optical measurements, and the impact on atmospheric aerosols. The proposed approach can be useful for better understanding the mechanism of the acoustic channel of seismo-ionospheric coupling.
Der er en verden uden for sproget. Om at sikre kvalitet i oversættelse af fagsproglige tekster
Authors: Nielsen Joel Nordborg 
Published: January 2017

Translation of LSP-texts is not merely the transfer of "the meanings of a profession" but also the creation of a new text. Therefore, an important parameter is the neutrality of the translated text: It should observe norms and standards of original texts of a profession, written in the given target language. As many translations show, however, translators often seem not to be acquainted with such norms and standards, a subject which is normally not dealt with in dictionaries. Since a professional world has a restricted professional universe of discourse, being reflected in the - quite stereotype - texts of the profession (which is shown in the present paper with respect to technical texts), it should be possible for the translator trainee to learn what professional texts look like through the study of genuine texts of a profession, getting, at the same time, a certain understanding of the professional world reflected in the texts. It is suggested that, in teaching translation, the focus should at an early stage be put on texts of the target language, as this would secure the familiarity of the translator trainee with genuine structures of the target language before actually beginning the translation of source texts.
Cantar espanto. Escrituras poéticas en el universo concentracionario chileno
Authors: Peris Blanes Jaume 
Published: January 2017

El artículo analiza la escritura poética producida en el interior de los campos de concentración chilenos, en su mayoría por autores anónimos. Se analizan las condiciones extremas de esas escrituras y algunos de sus rasgos fundamentales, partiendo de la idea de que el sistema concentracionario no sólo hace trizas el mundo de los detenidos, sino también su lenguaje. Tras abordar los poemas anónimos, el artículo se detiene en el análisis de algunos poemas de Aristóteles España y en el poema inacabado de Víctor Jara escrito en el interior del Estadio Chile, pocas horas antes de morir. En ellos puede localizarse una conceptualización incisiva del lugar de la poesía concentracionaria chilena. Palabras clave: poesía concentracionaria; Chile; campos de concentración; Aristóteles España; Víctor Jara.
Campo de Los almendros. La memoria concentracionaria y sus reelaboraciones
Authors: Souto Luz C. 
Published: January 2017

El presente estudio realiza un recorrido por dos textos clave para la reconstrucción de lo sucedido en el campo de concentración Los almendros: Campo de los almendros de Max Aub (1968), y Desde la noche y la niebla de Juana Doña (1978). A través de ambas obras se analizan las características concentracionarias del predio alicantino -particularidades acentuadas por el último parte de guerra que confirma la derrota republicana- y la conexión entre escritura y memoria. Palabras clave: Campo de concentración Los Almendros; puerto de Alicante; memoria histórica; Max Aub; Juana Doña.
Myxedema Psychosis in a Patient With Undiagnosed Hashimoto Thyroiditis
Authors: Mavroson Matthew M. , Patel Nirav , Akker Eleonora 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Myxedema psychosis is uncommon in patients with primary hypothyroidism. Most often, this disease state can be found in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis or after total thyroidectomy. Chronic hypothyroidism can lead to an insidious onset of psychiatric symptoms in patients, such as dementia, delirium, psychosis, hallucinations, and coma. A 31-year-old man with an unremarkable medical history was brought to the psychiatric emergency department for new-onset aggression, paranoid behavior, and hallucinations for 4 days. Initial test results showed a thyroid-stimulating hormone level of 306.0 mIU/L and a free thyroxin level of 0.24 ng/dL. No other clinical or laboratory abnormalities were found. A diagnosis of myxedema psychosis was established, and the patient was treated with tapering doses of intravenous hydrocortisone and 0.1 mg of intravenous levothyroxine daily. On hospital day 3, his mental status began to improve, and he was discharged on day 4. Myxedema psychosis is rarely the initial presenting symptom of hypothyroidism, especially in the absence of other abnormal clinical or laboratory findings.
Effects of oxygen flow rate on the electrical stability of zinc oxynitride thin-film transistors
Authors: Kim Dae-Hwan , Jeong Hwan-Seok , Jeong Chan-Yong , Song Sang-Hun , Kwon Hyuck-In 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We investigated the effects of the oxygen flow rate (OFR) during the deposition of a zinc oxynitride (ZnON) channel layer on the electrical performance and stability of high-mobility ZnON thin-film transistors (TFTs). The ZnON TFTs prepared at a lower OFR exhibited higher electrical performance characteristics and a higher electrical stability under positive gate bias stresses than those prepared at a higher OFR, but showed a lower electrical stability under negative gate bias stresses. The lower density of subgap states within the channel layer and the higher hole concentration due to the small bandgap were considered as physical mechanisms responsible for the observed phenomena, respectively.
External magnetic field distribution mapping using terahertz emission from indium antimonide
Authors: Mag-usara Valynn Katrine , Bulgarevich Dmitry S. , Shiwa Mitsuharu , Watanabe Makoto , Tani Masahiko 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
We demonstrate and report the feasibility of utilizing terahertz (THz) surface emission from semiconductors as a mapping tool for magnetic field distribution. Using a standard THz time-domain spectroscopy setup, the THz emission of indium antimonide (InSb) was systematically measured at several different points of an external magnetic field. The initial results suggest promising directions in developing a practical THz emission-based magnetic field mapping technique for non-destructive electromagnetic imaging applications.
Metropolis Resepsiyon Salonu Mozaikleri Üzerindeki Balık ve Kuş Figürleri Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme / Analysis of Bird and Fish Figures on the Reception Hall Mosaics of Metropolis Theatre
Authors: YILDIRIM Yaşar Serkal 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>7.00 x 8.25 m. measured place which is located between housing ruins in the eastern part of the Metropolis Theatre is called reception hall. This place decorated with colorful mosaics and wall paintings also having a good handcrafted floor is dated back to Roman Empire period. Besides Dionysos, Ariadne, Meinad, and Eros holding a wineglass figures related with Dionysos cult on the mosaic; theatre masks, fish and bird figures all together demonstrate that it could be used as a banquet hall for official invitations during theatre plays. </p><p>These fish and bird figures have great importance to analyze the nutrition habits of antique cities, especially metropolis, which has few materials that could be read. The various fish and bird figures on the reception hall were examined by expert zoologists to try to identify the factors such as, this fish and birds’ species, their habitats and if they were eatable or not. The paper also tries to find out the nutrition habits of Metropolis community using the found data from ancient sources and obtained from this research.</p><p><strong><br /></strong></p><p><strong>Öz</strong></p><p>Metropolis tiyatrosunun doğusunda konut kalıntıları arasında 7.00 x 8.25 m. Ölçülerindeki mekân Resepsiyon Salonu olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Tabanı oldukça iyi bir işçilik gösteren renkli mozaiklerle ve duvar resimleri ile bezenmiş mekân Roma Dönemine tarihlenmektedir. Mozaik üzerinde Dionysos, Ariadne, Meinad ve elinde içki kadehi tutan (kantharos) Eros figürleri gibi Dionysos kültü ile ilişkili figürlerinin yanı sıra tiyatro masklarının, balık ve kuş figürlerinin yer alması, buranın tiyatro gösterileri sırasında resmi davetlerin verildiği ziyafet salonu olarak kullanıldığını düşündürtmektedir.</p><p>Bu balık ve kuş figürlerinin, özellikle okunabilir maddi kalıntıların az olduğu Metropolis gibi antik kentlerdeki toplumların beslenme anlayışının çözümlenmesinde büyük öneme sahiptir. Resepsiyon Salonu mozaiklerindeki çeşitli balık ve kuş figürleri uzman zoologlarla incelenerek balıklar ve kuşların türleri, yaşam alanları ve yenilip yenilmediği gibi unsurlar tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler antik kaynaklardaki bilgiler ve ortaya çıkartılan buluntular ile birleştirilerek Metropolis toplumunun beslenme şekli anlaşılmaya çalışılmıştır.</p>
Investigation of diurnal variability of water vapor in Enceladus' plume by the Cassini ultraviolet imaging spectrograph
Authors: Hansen C. J. , Esposito L. W. , Aye K.‐M. , Colwell J. E. , Hendrix A. R. , Portyankina G. , Shemansky D. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAn occultation of ε Orionis by Enceladus' plume was observed with Enceladus at an orbital longitude near apoapsis in order to investigate whether water vapor flow is modulated diurnally, similar to ice particles. The occultation showed that the bulk water vapor emanating from Enceladus changes little with orbital position. The amount of gas in at least one supersonic jet increased significantly, implying that the increase in the number of particles lofted at apoapsis could be due to more gas coming from the supersonic jets and not the overall gas flux from the tiger stripe fissures that cross Enceladus' south polar region.
Is the intensification of precipitation extremes with global warming better detected at hourly than daily resolutions?
Authors: Barbero R. , Fowler H. J. , Lenderink G. , Blenkinsop S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAlthough it has been documented that daily precipitation extremes are increasing worldwide, faster increases may be expected for subdaily extremes. Here after a careful quality control procedure, we compared trends in hourly and daily precipitation extremes using a large network of stations across the United States (U.S.) within the 1950–2011 period. A greater number of significant increasing trends in annual and seasonal maximum precipitation were detected from daily extremes, with the primary exception of wintertime. Our results also show that the mean percentage change in annual maximum daily precipitation across the U.S. per global warming degree is ~6.9% °C−1 (in agreement with the Clausius‐Clapeyron rate) while lower sensitivities were observed for hourly extremes, suggesting that changes in the magnitude of subdaily extremes in response to global warming emerge more slowly than those for daily extremes in the climate record.
Lake seasonality across the Tibetan Plateau and their varying relationship with regional mass changes and local hydrology
Authors: Lei Yanbin , Yao Tandong , Yang Kun , Sheng Yongwei , Kleinherenbrink Marcel , Yi Shuang , Bird Broxton W. , Zhang Xiaowen , Zhu La , Zhang Guoqing 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe recent growth and deepening of inland lakes in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) may be a salient indicator of the consequences of climate change. The seasonal dynamics of these lakes is poorly understood despite this being potentially crucial for disentangling contributions from glacier melt and precipitation, which are all sensitive to climate, to lake water budget. Using in situ observations, satellite altimetry and gravimetry data, we identified two patterns of lake level seasonality. In the central, northern, and northeastern TP, lake levels are characterized by considerable increases during warm seasons and decreases during cold seasons, which is consistent with regional mass changes related to monsoon precipitation and evaporation. In the northwestern TP, however, lake levels exhibit dramatic increases during both warm and cold seasons, which deviate from regional mass changes. This appears to be more connected with high spring snowfall and large summer glacier melt. The variable lake level response to different drivers indicates heterogeneous sensitivity to climate change between the northwestern TP and other regions.
A novel CFS‐PML boundary condition for transient electromagnetic simulation using a fictitious wave domain method
Authors: Hu Yanpu , Egbert Gary , Ji Yanju , Fang Guangyou 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this study, we apply fictitious wave domain (FWD) methods, based on the correspondence principle for the wave and diffusion fields, to finite difference (FD) modeling of transient electromagnetic (TEM) diffusion problems for geophysical applications. A novel complex frequency shifted perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition is adapted to the FWD to truncate the computational domain, with the maximum electromagnetic wave propagation velocity in the FWD used to set the absorbing parameters for the boundary layers. Using domains of varying spatial extent we demonstrate that these boundary conditions offer significant improvements over simpler PML approaches, which can result in spurious reflections and large errors in the FWD solutions, especially for low frequencies and late times. In our development, resistive air layers are directly included in the FWD, allowing simulation of TEM responses in the presence of topography, as is commonly encountered in geophysical applications. We compare responses obtained by our new FD‐FWD approach and with the spectral Lanczos decomposition method on 3‐D resistivity models of varying complexity. The comparisons demonstrate that our absorbing boundary condition in FWD for the TEM diffusion problems works well even in complex high‐contrast conductivity models.
Thermal management investigation on fluid processing within porous rhombic cavities: Heatlines versus entropy generation
Authors: Das Debayan , Basak Tanmay 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe study of natural convection in rhombic enclosure has been a subject of interest in the recent past. In the current work, the effect of various shapes of the rhombic enclosure (φ = 45°, 60°, and 75°) is investigated for fixed areas (A = 0.5, 1, and 1.5) over an extensive range of parameters (Prm = 0.015 − 1000, Dam = 10−5 − 10−2, and Ram = 106) for an optimal thermal configuration. The rhombic enclosure is subjected to the isothermal heating of the bottom wall along with the cold side and top walls. The results are shown in the form of entropy generation maps (Sθ and Sψ) along with the heatlines (Π), streamlines (ψ), and isotherms (θ). It is observed that Sθ decreases near the left wall whereas Sθ near the top and right walls increases with φ, irrespective of A. A large regime near the bottom portion of the left wall and right portion of the bottom wall corresponds to the higher magnitude of Sψ and that extends over a wider region for the higher φ. The results in terms of total entropy generation (Stotal), average Bejan number (Beav), and average Nusselt number () are compared with those within the square cavity (). Overall, it may be concluded that the rhombic enclosure with at A = 0.5 is the optimal configuration for the thermal processing of the fluids based on the moderate Stotal and .
Nutritional effects on T‐cell immunometabolism
Authors: Cohen Sivan , Danzaki Keiko , MacIver Nancie J. 
Published: January 2017

T cells are highly influenced by nutrient uptake from their environment, and changes in overall nutritional status, such as malnutrition or obesity, can result in altered T‐cell metabolism and behavior. In states of severe malnutrition or starvation, T‐cell survival, proliferation, and inflammatory cytokine production are all decreased, as is T‐cell glucose uptake and metabolism. The altered T‐cell function and metabolism seen in malnutrition is associated with altered adipokine levels, most particularly decreased leptin. Circulating leptin levels are low in malnutrition, and leptin has been shown to be a key link between nutrition and immunity. The current view is that leptin signaling is required to upregulate activated T‐cell glucose metabolism and thereby fuel T‐cell activation. In the setting of obesity, T cells have been found to have a key role in promoting the recruitment of inflammatory macrophages to adipose depots along with the production of inflammatory cytokines that promote the development of insulin resistance leading to diabetes. Deletion of T cells, key T‐cell transcription factors, or pro‐inflammatory T‐cell cytokines prevents insulin resistance in obesity and underscores the importance of T cells in obesity‐associated inflammation and metabolic disease. Altogether, T cells have a critical role in nutritional immunometabolism.
Executive functions deficits impair extinction of generalization of fear of movement‐related pain
Authors: Niederstrasser N.G. , Meulders A. , Meulders M. , Struyf D. , Vlaeyen J.W. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundGeneralization of fear of movement‐related pain across novel but similar movements can lead to fear responses to movements that are actually not associated with pain. The peak‐shift effect describes a phenomenon whereby particular novel movements elicit even greater fear responses than the original pain‐provoking movement (CS+), because they represent a more extreme version of the CS+. There is great variance in the propensity to generalize as well as the speed of extinction learning when these novel movements are not followed by pain. It can be argued that this variance may be associated with executive function capacity, as individuals may be unable to intentionally inhibit fear responses. This study examined whether executive function capacity contributes to generalization and extinction of generalization as well as peak‐shift of conditioned fear of movement‐related pain and expectancy.MethodsHealthy participants performed a proprioceptive fear conditioning task. Executive function tests assessing updating, switching, and inhibition were used to predict changes in (extinction of) fear of movement‐related pain and pain expectancy generalization.ResultsLow inhibitory capacity was associated with slower extinction of generalized fear of movement‐related pain and pain expectancy. Evidence was found in favor of an area‐shift, rather than a peak‐shift effect, which implies that the peak conditioned fear response extended to, but did not shift to a novel stimulus.ConclusionsParticipants with low inhibitory capacity may have difficulties withholding fear responses, leading to a slower decrease of generalized fear over time. The findings may be relevant to inform treatments.SignificanceLow inhibitory capacity is not associated with slower generalization, but extinction of fear generalization. Fear elicited by a novel safe movement, situated outside the CS+/− continuum on the CS+ side, can be as strong as to the original stimulus predicting the pain‐onset.
Genetically modified crops, regulatory delays, and international trade
Authors: Smyth Stuart J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGenetically modified (GM) crops have been produced in the initial adopting countries for 20 years. Over this period of time, hundreds of articles and reports have been published by academic journals, government regulatory agencies, and national science organizations on the safety aspects of biotechnology and GM crops. In addition to this, there is a growing body of quantified peer reviewed literature on the economic and environmental benefits following the adoption of GM crops in both developed and developing countries. Some estimates place the economic benefits in the billions of dollars a year range. In spite of the documentation of these economic and environmental benefits, GM crops face a challenging future. Environmental nongovernmental organizations (eNGOs) are relentless in their campaigns of misinformation about the dangers and hazards of GM crops. While eNGOs are unable to quantify their claims and accusations, their political and policy influences continue, particularly in Europe and numerous developing nations. The result of this is regulatory delays for the approval of new GM crops and frequent international commodity trade failures, where shipments have been rejected due to the low‐level presence of a GM crop. Taken in combination, the regulatory and trade challenges facing GM crops are having a detrimental impact on improving food security. This article quantifies the benefits of GM crops, highlights the regulatory costs of delayed approval, and provides insights into the spillover effects from GM crop trade.