bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a biosurfactant production from bacteria isolated from soil and characterization of the surfactant / Topraktan izole edilen bakterilerden biyosurfaktan üretiminin optimizasyonu ve surfaktanın karakterizasyonu
Authors: Toptaş Yağmur , Çelikdemir Meltem , Tuncer Cansel , Şahin Yeliz Buruk , Çelik Pınar Aytar , Burnak Nimetullah , Çabuk Ahmet , Bütün Vural 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Objective: Biosurfactants are surface-active substances produced by microorganisms. The growth of microorganism supports biosurfactant production on hydrocarbon polluted environments. In this study, the capacity of biosurfactant production of Georgenia daeguensis (accession number, KP798810) isolated from hydrocarbon- contaminated soil was studied.
Methods: The components of biosurfactant production medium were investigated through Plackett-Burman methodology. By using Placket-Burman based on statistical screening, six of the eleven factors of production medium were found to be critically effective on the biosurfactant production.
Results: The significant factors were KCl, ZnSO4.7H2O, CaCl2.2H2O, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O and glucose. Among of these, KCl had the highest effect contribution with 55.22%. After the optimization by such design, critical micelle concentration value was reached to 2.2 g L-1. When antibacterial activity of biosurfactant was screened, it showed antibacterial effect against to Klebsiella pneumoniae. Besides, the biosurfactant was characterized by FT-IR, critic micelle concentration and zeta analysis.
Conclusion: This study reported that Georgenia daeguensis is able to produce effective biosurfactant exhibiting antibacterial activity against K. pneumoniae.
Ein natürliches flavanonol-acetat im knospenöl von pappelarten / A natural flavanonol acetate in bud excretion of populus-species
Authors: Wollenweber Eckhard , Chadenson Michele , Hauteville Marcelle 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A novel flavonoid, the natural 3-acetyl-derivative of pinobanksin, has been isolated from the lipophilic bud excretion of poplar. The structure and spectral analysis (UV, IR, NMR, M S). The strated
Mass Spectrometric Studies of Dehydro-α-lapachone and Dehydro-iso-α-lapachone
Authors: Joshi Krishna C. , Prakash Lalit , Bansal R. K. , Singh Pahup 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Mass spectral fragmentation studies of dehydro-a-lapachone and dehydro-iso-a-lapadione, isolated from the heartwood of Tabebuia rosea, have been made. The fragmentation patterns in the case of two compounds are essentially similar and have been discussed
Elastic Properties of Lipid Bilayers: Theory and Possible Experiments
Authors: Helfrich W 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A theory of the elasticity of lipid bilayers is proposed. Three types of strain, i. e. stretching, tilt and curvature, are distinguished and the associated stresses are identified. It is argued that in the case of vesicles (= closed bilayer films) the only elasticity controlling nonspherical shapes is that of curvature. Euler-Lagrange equations are derived for the shape in magnetic fields and under excess outside pressure. It is shown that magnetic fields can deform spherical vesicles into ellipsoids of revolution. Under excess outside pressure the spherical shape becomes unstable at a certain threshold pressure. Both effects can be influenced by a spontaneous curvature of the bilayer. Some possible experiments to determine the elastic properties are also discussed
Desoxyribonucleasen im menschlichen Seminalplasma Deoxyribonucleases in the Human Seminal Plasma
Authors: Zöllner E. Jürgen , Lachner Horst 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Acid and alkaline deoxyribonuclease (EC 3.1.4.6, EC 3.1.4.5) activities were demonstrated in the human seminal plasma. By means of a micro-disc-electrophoretic deoxyribonuclease test six different fractions are detectable. They were characterized with respect to their optimal substrate and optimal incubation conditions. The various enzyme activities were tested at pH 5.0 in 0.1 ᴍ Na-acetat buffer or at pH 7.4 in 0.1 ᴍ Tris-HCl buffer in the presence of different combinations of MgCl2, CaCl2, EDTA, NaSO4, NaF and mercaptoethanol with native or denatured herring sperm DNA as substrate
Aerober Abbau von Endosulfan durch Bodenmikroorganismen / Aerobic Degradation of Endosulfan by Microorganisms
Authors: Perscheid Michael , Orst Schlüter H , Ballschmiter Karlheinz 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Microbial degradation of both the isomers of the cyclodiene insecticide endosulfan (hexachloro-bicyclo [2,2,1] hept-5-en-2,3-bis-hydroyxmethylene-cyclic sulfit) by Pseudomonadaceae in water has been investigated. Strong resorption of the applied insecticide (90%) by the bacteria has been ob­ served. The main metabolite of both the isomers was identified by EC-gaschromatography as the endosulfan-alcohol. Additionally the /?-isomere yielded small amounts of the cyclic endosulfan-ether and isomerisation to the more stable a-endosulfan
Evaluation of The Cyanotic Newborn: Part I—A Neonatologist’s Perspective
Authors: Dasgupta Soham , Bhargava Vidit , Huff Monica , Jiwani Amyn K. , Aly Ashraf M. 
Published: September 2016

Cyanosis is a commonly observed symptom in the newborn; however, its recognition and prompt management in a timely manner might be challenging in some instances. The presence of fetal hemoglobin and the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood have implications in the assessment of severity of cyanosis. Methodical evaluation and testing are essential in the diagnosis and treatment of the underlying condition. Pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease is important for detecting unsuspected life-threatening cardiac conditions. This 2-part article discusses the evaluation of cyanosis in the newborn period.
Cyanosis, derived from the Greek word meaning “dark blue,” is defined as a dusky to bluish hue in the patient. (1) Although oxygenated hemoglobin is bright red, reduced hemoglobin is bluish to purple in color. Cyanosis is dependent on the absolute concentration of reduced hemoglobin and is usually visible when its concentration exceeds 3 to 5 g/dL (30–50 g/L) in the blood.
Cruel Coloniality; or, The Ruse of Sovereignty
Authors: Saldaña-Portillo María Josefina 
Published: September 2016

[A] historical narrative is not a seamless curve toward the present but the broken remains that are buried and waiting for their resurrection.[M]emory is not a holdall that can be drawn on as needed but constantly has to be reconstructed from fragments and fortuitous remains. Memory of atrocity is not simply available but is constituted post hoc with the aim not only of clarifying the fate of the disappeared but of documenting a crime.—Jean Franco, Cruel ModernityHistorical Narrative and Memory: The Former is Usually the Site of Power; the Latter, for Jean Franco in Cruel Modernity, is the site of force. Historical narrative represents Latin American nations as emerging—or, in Brazil's case, emerged—markets progressing on a seamless curve toward a glossy, technologically sophisticated, communicative hypermodernity, whereas memory is the desperate, slow, brute force of the people who refuse to forget the unmitigated cruelty of the second half of the twentieth century in Latin America. Memory here is the continental but subaltern force of family and friends who are still noisily waiting to bury the broken remains of their disappeared sisters and brothers, mothers and fathers, comrades in hope or children of a utopic vision. Forensic subaltern memories document the phantasmagoric crimes committed against fragmented and maimed bodies, buried in mass graves or in the depths of lakes from Patagonia to the border between Mexico and the United States, interrupting the gleaming historical narratives that describe the slow but steady progress toward national development. In Cruel Modernity, Franco is part of this force: she is a forensic memory worker, examining the crime scenes, the tortured, raped, mutilated bodies, describing in awful detail who did what to whom, with what instruments, and in what order. One of the most striking aspects of Cruel Modernity is Franco's refusal to look away. Each chapter provides “thick description” of these crimes, as Franco tries to comprehend the excess of the acts perpetrated, the motivations of the perpetrators, the effects on the victims. Several rationales
Three Lessons from the History of a Book
Authors: Slauter Eric 
Published: September 2016

How Do Printed Objects Help Political Subjects Make and Remake Worlds? This is One of the Central Questions Animating Raúl Coronado's brilliant book A World Not to Come: A History of Latino Writing and Print Culture. I believe Coronado is one of the most gifted and imaginative literary scholars working today. What is more rare, his writing is both provocative and a pleasure to read. Casting himself as a genealogist, he deploys previously little-known printed materials to tell a dramatic story, and he tells it with a narrative confidence seldom seen in studies that rely, as his ultimately does, so heavily on the close reading of texts.In a series of discontinuous but deeply contextualized studies situated on the borderlands of Mexico and the United States, advancing from the 1810s to the 1850s and taking readers at times much further back (into, say, the diffusion of scholastic thought), Coronado traces a history of foreclosed revolutionary possibilities, of discursive dead ends and epistemological ruptures, and of the failure of communities to become anything but imagined. He probes understudied people, texts, and episodes for what they can tell us about the complex processes of the experience of modernization—and by modernization he means the major movements of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries for republicanism, capitalism, individualism, secularism, and nationalism. He uses this discontinuous narrative also to arrest what he takes to be a misguided quest among some in his field for a different kind of genealogy: an unbroken lineage of Latino identity and subjectivity that centers on resistance. Instead, he narrates the making of a people as the unintended consequence of individuals who had hoped and failed to make a nation.
“As Ilhas dos Abençoados” - arte política e mito no Górgias de Platão
Authors: Carvalho Tiago Nascimento de 
Published: September 2016

O texto do Górgias de Platão esta na seleta parte dos diálogos responsáveis pela discussão do Estado Ideal e o homem de Estado. Mesmo, que se defina a obra como um tratado acerca da retórica, este elemento principal se conecta a discussão do Estado Ideal, como o pode também ser observado na República, Crítias, ou no Timeu. Afinal, o homem de Estado não é exatamente e tão somente o príncipe, ou o basileus, mas para Sócrates é o homem político, todo aquele cuja voz na pólis se faz ouvir por força ou direito. Há um grave problema no discurso socrático quando sua retórica se estimula pelo poder das palavras em oposição aà realidade das ações. Então aparece a verdadeira arte política que põe o poder em xeque por meio de reações adversas, quando para o filósofo é difícil convencer o ouvinte sobre a pedagogia essencial da formação do político (Dois exemplos em Plutarco, o de Demóstenes e Cícero, dialogam tão bem, com o discurso de Sócrates acerca deste embróglio). O mythos como narrativa passa a ser a última tentativa de explicação sobre o papel político do homem de Estado. Sócrates, por fim desenvolve uma fábula ou narrativa (Mythos) chamada a Ilha dos Abençoados.
Entre a promessa e a efetividade da mediação: uma análise da mediação no contexto brasileiro
Authors: Orsini Adriana Goulart de Sena , Silva Nathane Fernandes da 
Published: September 2016

Este artigo objetiva abordar os aspectos da mediação no Brasil, demonstrando que seu uso no País é voltado à resolução do conflito pela via do acordo, metodologia que é próxima ao ideal estadunidense de mediação. Buscou-se evidenciar que, nos espaços judiciários, há uma crença de que a mediação será capaz de dar celeridade à resolução dos conflitos e de reduzir o número de demandas nos tribunais. Contudo, é preciso problematizar a metodologia da mediação no contexto brasileiro, para que o referido método contribua, de forma efetiva, para uma transformação cultural na sociedade, transitando de um paradigma adversarial de abordagem dos conflitos para uma nova forma de regulação social, baseada no diálogo e na ótica produtiva do conflito. Assim, acredita-se que a mediação, muito além de resolver o conflito pelo acordo de interesses, tem potencial significativo para promover uma cultura voltada à paz social, desde que o seu uso seja repensado no Brasil.
Multiculturalismo: entre o Universalismo e o Relativismo dos Direitos Humanos
Authors: Mazza Willame Parente , Costa Marcelo Cacinotti 
Published: September 2016

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a universalização dos Direitos Humanos frente à diversidade cultural no mundo contemporâneo, enfatizando o discurso com a corrente relativista em um ambiente contextualizado pela globalização. Diversos meios de proteção aos Direitos Humanos foram criados. No entanto, essas proteções não podem estar dissociadas dos valores morais sob o risco de servir de consentimento para violações de direitos. Sendo assim, busca-se, por meio da fundamentação dos Direitos Humanos, transcender a esfera positiva de direitos a fim de recompor os componentes morais, sociais e políticos que garantam a dignidade da pessoa humana, por intermédio da sedimentação dos laços sociais, levando-se em conta um mínimo universal entre as características comuns a todos os seres humanos, reconhecidas em todas as sociedades e independente da cultura local, sem que com isso seja necessário impor um padrão moral de cultura de uma nação sobre a outra.
Klasifikasi Ilmu Pengetahuan Dalam Perspektif Jābir Bin Ḥayyān
Authors: Musadad Asep N. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract : The central purpose of this article is to provide a preliminary exploration on epistemological background of the classical Islamic sciences through the investigation on the classification of knowledge. One of the earliest exponent to turn to this problem is Jābir bin Ḥayyān (Geber) (721 - 815 AD), known as the Father of Arabic and – indirectly – Latin Alchemy. Start on describing Jābir’s profile and his significance in Islamic philosophy, this article discusses the classification of knowledge according to him in his book “Kitāb al-Ḥudūd” (Book of Limits), in which he make his own classification of various knowledge. It finally deals with the philosophical basis of the classification and the intellectual perspective of its author.Keywords : Jabir bin Hayyan, classification of knowledge, Islamic philosophy, natural sciences. Abstrak : Artikel ini bertujuan untuk melakukan eksplorasi singkat terkait latar epistemologis dalam pengetahuan Islam klasik melalui analisis terhadap konsep klasifikasi ilmu pengetahuan. Salah satu eksponen awal yang berbicara hal tersebut adalah Jābir bin Ḥayyān (Geber) (721 - 815 M), dikenal sebagai Bapak Ilmu Kimia Arab dan – secara tidak langsung – Eropa-Latin. Diawali dengan penjelasan tentang signifikansi Jābir bin Ḥayyān dalam wacana filsafat Islam, artikel ini mendiskusikan klasifikasi ilmu pengetahuan dalam perspektifnya yang terdapat dalam karyanya, “Kitāb al-Ḥudūd” (Buku tentang Batas-Batas), yang membuat klasifikasi versinya sendiri dari berbagai macam ilmu pengetahuan. Pada akhirnya, tulisan ini juga akan menjelaskan basis filosofis dari klasifikasi tersebut dan perspektif intelektual pembuatnya.Kata-Kata Kunci : Jabir bin Hayyan, klasifikasi pengetahuan, filsafat Islam, ilmu-ilmu alam.
Efecto de la ceniza volante en las propiedades mecánicas de concretos hechos con agregado calizo triturado de alta absorción
Authors: Canul J. A. , Moreno E. I. , Mendoza Rangel J. M. 
Published: September 2016

Efecto de la ceniza volante en las propiedades mecánicas de concretos hechos con agregado calizo triturado de alta absorciónRESUMENEl concreto elaborado con agregado calizo triturado de alta absorción de Yucatán, México, es considerado de baja calidad. El objetivo de la investigación es mejorar las propiedades mecánicas del concreto elaborado con este tipo de agregado incorporando ceniza volante (CV). Las propiedades medidas fueron: Resistencia a la compresión (RC) y módulo de elasticidad. Se utilizaron relaciones agua/cemento de 0.5 y 0.7, la CV se incorporó como sustitución parcial del cemento en un 20% y 40%, y como aditivo mineral en un 10% y 20%. Los resultados indican que la CV puede ser utilizada en concretos con ACTAA como agregado inerte fino ya que logra mantener una RC similar a la referencia. Se presentan ecuaciones para la predicción de propiedades mecánicas.Palabras clave: ceniza volante; agregado calizo; absorción; resistencia a la compresión; módulo de elasticidad. Fly ash effect on mechanical properties of concretes made with high absorbent crushed limeston aggregates ABSTRACT Concrete made with high-absorbent crushed limestone aggregates from Yucatán, México are well known as a low quality concrete. The aim of this investigation is to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete with high absorbent crushed limestone aggregates and fly ash. The measured properties were: compressive strength and elastic modulus. The water/cement ratios were 0.5 and 0.7, fly ash was incorporated as partial substitution of cement with 20% and 40% and as a mineral additive in 10% and 20%. Results show that fly ash can be used in this kind of concretes as mineral additive due to compressive strength was similar to those reference samples. Finally, an equation for predicting mechanical properties is reported.Keywords: fly ash; limestone aggregates; absorption; compressive strength; elastic modulus. Efeito de cinzas volantes nas propriedades mecânicas de concreto feitos com agregado calcário moído de alta absorção RESUMO O concreto produzido com agregado calcário de alta absorção de Yucatan, no México, é considerado de baixa qualidade. O objetivo deste estudo é o de melhorar as propriedades mecânicas do concreto fabricado com este tipo de agregado incorporando cinza volante (CV). As propriedades medidas foram: resistência à compressão (RC) e módulo de elasticidade. Foram utilizadas relações água/cimento de 0,5 e 0,7, a CV foi incorporada como substituição parcial de cimento em 20% e 40%, e como um aditivo mineral a 10% e 20%. Os resultados indicam que a CV pode ser usada nesses concretos como um agregado miúdo inerte, pois apresenta uma resistência à compressão similar a amostra de referência. São apresentadas equações para a previsão das propriedades mecânicas.Palavras chave: cinzas volantes; agregados de calcário; absorção; resistência à compressão; módulo de elasticidade.
Análisis de la corrosión de barras de acero en función de la variación del pH del medio
Authors: Macioski G. , De Souza D. J. , Capraro Brandão A. P. , De Medeiros M. H. F. 
Published: September 2016

Análisis de la corrosión de barras de acero en función de la variación del pH del medioRESUMENEl objetivo de este estudio es analizar cómo el tipo de acero, el pH de la protección media y la superficie de la barra de acero son capaces de cambiar las propiedades electroquímicas de este metal. Para esto se aplicó la técnica de polarización lineal en barras de acero para evaluar la corrosión de las muestras. El estudio evaluó los aceros CA-50, CA-60 y CP-175-RB, con y sin protección superficial. Estudios como éste son esenciales para la mejora de las técnicas de lectura, especialmente para la comprensión de los resultados obtenidos en las reparaciones ya realizadas. A partir de los resultados fue posible observar cómo las tres variables influyeron en los resultados de la densidad de corriente y velocidad de corrosión.Palabras clave: velocidad de corrosión; durabilidad; pH; polarización lineal. Analysis of Steel Bars Corrosion as a Function of the Environment pHABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to analyze how the steel type, the environment pH and surface protection of steel bar are able to change the electrochemical properties of this metal. Therefore it was applied the linear polarization technique to steel bars to assess the corrosion of the samples. The study evaluated the CA-50, CA-60 and CP-175-RB steels bars, with and without surface protection. Studies like this are essential for the improvement of reading techniques, especially for the understanding of the results obtained in repairs already made. From the results, it was possible to observe how the three variables influenced the results of the current density and corrosion rate.Keywords: corrosion rate; durability; pH; linear polarization. Análise da corrosão de barras de aço em função da variação do pH do meioRESUMOO objetivo deste estudo é analisar como o tipo de aço, o pH do meio e a proteção superficial da barra de aço são capazes de alterar as propriedades eletroquímicas deste metal. Para isso, foi aplicada a técnica de polarização linear em barras de aço para avaliar a corrosão das amostras. No estudo foram avaliados os aços CA-50, CA-60 e CP-175-RB, com e sem proteção superficial. Estudos como este são essenciais para o aprimoramento das técnicas de leitura, em especial para o entendimento dos resultados obtidos em reparos já realizados. A partir dos resultados foi possível observar como as três variáveis analisadas influenciaram os resultados da densidade de corrente e da taxa de corrosão.Palavras-chave: taxa de corrosão; durabilidade; pH; polarização linear.