bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of GPIa and COX‐2 gene polymorphism with aspirin resistance
Authors: Wang Hui , Sun Xiaoxin , Dong Wanli , Cai Xiuying , Zhou Yun , Zhang Youtao , Jiang Weijian , Fang Qi 
Published: September 2017

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the association between GPIa, COX‐2 gene polymorphisms and aspirin resistance in the ischemic stroke patients from the southern part of Jiangsu province.MethodsIn all, 97 patients with acute ischemic stroke were enrolled in the study. GPIa gene polymorphism at 807C>T (rsl126643) locus and COX‐2 gene polymorphism at ‐765G>C (rs20417) locus were genotyped by PCR pyrosequencing technology. Patients were divided into the aspirin sensitivity (AS) group and aspirin resistance (AR) group according to the platelet aggregation rate. The relationship between the two gene polymorphisms and aspirin resistance was investigated and analyzed.ResultsThe distribution of the genotype (CC, CT, TT, CT + TT, and CC) and the frequency of allele T of GPIa gene at 807C>T locus were significantly different in AS and AR groups in female patients (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the genotype of CT+TT at 807C>T locus was significantly correlated with AR after adjustment for relative factors (P = .047, OR = 4.856, 95% CI: 1.020–23.108). There were no significant differences in the genotype distribution and allele frequency of the COX‐2 gene ‐765G>C site between two groups (P > .05).ConclusionGPIa gene polymorphism at 807C>T locus was associated with AR in Chinese Han females, and the expression of allele T increased the incidence of AR. The gene polymorphism of COX‐2 gene at ‐765G>C locus was not significantly correlated with AR.
Circulating cell‐free high mobility group AT‐hook 2 mRNA as a detection marker in the serum of colorectal cancer patients
Authors: Sahengbieke Sana , Wang Jian , Li Xiangwei , Wang Yuhong , Lai Maode , Wu Jingjing 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundDetection of circulating cell‐free mRNA serves as noninvasive tools for cancer diagnosis. As an oncofetal protein, HMGA2 (high mobility group AT‐hook 2) is upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. However, it is not clear whether the increased levels of circulating cell‐free HMGA2 mRNA functions as potential biomarkers for improved diagnosis of CRC.MethodsTo assess its clinical significance in diagnosis and prediction, we evaluated serum levels of circulating HMGA2 mRNA in CRC patients and in healthy controls. In this study, 83 CRC patients and 11 normal controls were enrolled in this study. We used real‐time quantitative reverse transcription‐PCR to evaluate the plasma mRNA levels of HMGA2 and analyze the correlation between their expression and clinicopathologic characteristics.ResultsWe found that the levels of HMGA2 mRNA were significantly higher in CRC patients compared with healthy volunteers. The patients with right‐sided CRC, colon cancer, positive nerve infiltration, positive vascular invasion, negative microsatellite instability (MSI), and increasing in serum carbohydrate antigen (CA) 199 had higher levels of plasma HMGA2 mRNA. A strong positive correlation between circulating cell‐free HMGA2 mRNA and CA199 level in serum was found in our study. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that levels of HMGA2 mRNA in plasma and in tumors were strictly correlated.ConclusionsCollectively, our data suggested that cell‐free HMGA2 mRNA in plasma might function as a novel diagnostic marker for CRC.
Automated cGMP‐compliant radiosynthesis of [18F]‐(E)‐PSS232 for brain PET imaging of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5
Authors: Park Jun Young , Son Jeongmin , Yun Mijin , Ametamey Simon M. , Chun Joong‐Hyun 
Published: September 2017

(E)‐3‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl ethynyl)cyclohex‐2‐enone O‐(3‐(2‐[18F]‐fluoroethoxy)propyl) oxime ([18F]‐(E)‐PSS232, [18F]2a) is a recently developed radiotracer that can be used to visualize metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) in vivo. The mGlu5 has become an attractive therapeutic and diagnostic target owing to its role in many neuropsychiatric disorders. Several carbon‐11‐labeled and fluorine‐18‐labeled radiotracers have been developed to measure mGlu5 receptor occupancy in the human brain. The radiotracer [18F]2a, which is used as an analogue for [11C]ABP688 ([11C]1) and has a longer physical half‐life, is a selective radiotracer that exhibits high binding affinity for mGlu5. Herein, we report the fully automated radiosynthesis of [18F]2a using a commercial GE TRACERlab™ FX‐FN synthesizer for routine production and distribution to nearby satellite clinics. Nucleophilic substitution of the corresponding mesylate precursor with cyclotron‐produced [18F]fluoride ion at 100°C in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), followed by high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purification and formulation, readily provided [18F]2a with a radiochemical yield of 40 ± 2% (decay corrected, n = 5) at the end of synthesis. Radiochemical purity for the [18F]‐(E)‐conformer was greater than 95%. Molar activity was determined to be 63.6 ± 9.6 GBq/μmol (n = 5), and the overall synthesis time was 70 minutes.
A potential link between lateral semicircular canal orientation, head posture, and dietary habits in extant rhinos (Perissodactyla, Rhinocerotidae)
Authors: Schellhorn Rico 
Published: September 2017

AbstractExtant rhinoceroses share the characteristic nasal horn, although the number and size of horns varies among the five species. Although all species are herbivores, their dietary preferences, occipital shapes, and common head postures vary. Traditionally, to predict the “usual” head posture (the most used head posture of animals during normal unstressed activities, i.e., standing) of rhinos, the occipital shape was used. While a backward inclined occiput implies a downward hanging head (often found in grazers), a forward inclined occiput is related to the horizontal head posture in browsing rhinos. In this study, the lateral semicircular canal (LSC) of the bony labyrinth was virtually reconstructed from µCT‐images in order to investigate a possible link between LSC orientation and head posture in extant rhinoceroses. The usual head posture was formerly reconstructed for several non‐rhinoceros taxa with the assumption that the LSC of the inner ear is held horizontal (parallel to the ground) during normal activity of the living animal. The current analysis of the LSC orientation resulted in a downward inclined usual head posture for the grazing white rhinoceros and a nearly horizontal head posture in the browsing Javan rhinoceros. The other three browsing or mixed feeding species show subhorizontal (closer to horizontal than a downgrade inclination) head postures. The results show that anatomical and behavioral aspects, like occipital shape, presence and size of horns/tusk‐like lower incisors, as well as feeding and feeding height preferences influence the usual head posture. Because quantitative behavioral data are lacking for the usual head postures of the extant rhinos, the here described relationship between the LSC orientation and the resulting head posture linked to feeding preferences gives new insights. The results show, that the inner ear provides additional information to interpret usual head postures linked to feeding preferences that can easily be adapted to fossil rhinoceroses.
Geomatic downscaling of temperatures in the Mont Blanc massif
Authors: Joly Daniel , Berger Alexandre , Buoncristiani Jean‐François , Champagne Olivier , Pergaud Julien , Richard Yves , Soare Paul , Pohl Benjamin 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThis article presents a novel downscaling method based on a geomatic spatial model. This model is constructed on the basis of regressions between topographical (explanatory) variables (digitized here at 200 m resolution) and climatic factors observed at meteorological stations. These regressions are used to calibrate the model in the form of two parameters: the frequency with which explanatory variables are significant at the 95% level, and the mean of the regression coefficient associated with each variable. One of the objectives of the article is to test the relevance of the method and the application made of it in this study bears on daily observed minimum (tn) and maximum (tx) temperatures in the Mont Blanc massif between 1979 and 2014. Estimations show weak statistical biases and the temperature variation from day to day is well represented. The root mean square errors of daily temperatures are of the order of 2 °C for tn and tx alike. The validation shows (1) the value of applying spatial models to two atmospheric configurations (weather regimes and local rainfall conditions) and (2) the limitations of the method. Eventually, this method shall be applied to the downscaling of large‐scale atmospheric parameters provided by earth system models for projecting the temperature of the lower layers of the atmosphere over future decades.
Course of olfaction after sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Haxel Boris R. , Boessert Patrick , Weyer‐Elberich Veronika , Fruth Kai 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundThe influence of surgery on olfaction in patients who suffer from chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is still not fully understood. Most particularly, the time course of the recovery is poorly studied.MethodsThe prospective study describes the results of the Sniffin' Sticks identification test in 41 subjects before (V1), 2 weeks after (V2), and 6 months after (V3) endonasal sinus surgery (ESS). Influencing factors (gender, revision surgery, nasal polyposis, and initial olfactory score) on the changes of the smell testing were evaluated.ResultsThe whole cohort showed a significant improvement in Identification scores, from 8.63 to 10.24 after 2 weeks and to 10.68 after 6 months. Patients with nasal polyps revealed a similar increase in the identification test at V3 (+2.17 compared to +1.89 in those without polyps) but not at V2 (+1.30 compared to 2.00). The initial classification of olfaction was the only significant influencing factor. Patients who showed initially anosmic results improved (+4.87 at V2 and +4.73 at V3), as did patients in the hyposmic group (+0.58 resp. +1.42). Forty‐four percent of the patients reached an improvement with regard to their diagnostic group.ConclusionsThis study of the evaluation of the sense of smell after ESS exhibits an improvement of olfaction already 2 weeks after surgery, which is stable for 6 months. CRSwNP and CRSsNP patients showed similar improvements of olfaction, although the recovery was slower in CRSwNP patients.Level of Evidence2b.
Scattering Invisibility With Free‐Space Field Enhancement of All‐Dielectric Nanoparticles
Authors: Liu Wei , Miroshnichenko Andrey E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSimultaneous scattering invisibility and free‐space field enhancement have been achieved based on multipolar interferences among all‐dielectric nanoparticles. The scattering properties of all‐dielectric nanowire quadrumers are investigated and two sorts of scattering invisibilities have been identified: the trivial invisibility where the individual nanowires are not effectively excited; and the nontrivial invisibility with strong multipolar excitations within each nanowire, which results in free‐space field enhancement outside the particles. It is revealed that such nontrivial invisibility originates from not only the simultaneous excitations of both electric and magnetic resonances, but also their significant magnetoelectric cross‐interactions. We further show that the invisibility obtained is both polarization and direction selective, which can probably play a significant role in various applications including non‐invasive detection, sensing, and non‐disturbing medical diagnosis with high sensitivity and precision.
PEAR: PEriodic And fixed Rank separation for fast fMRI
Authors: Weizman Lior , Miller Karla L. , Eldar Yonina C. , Chiew Mark 
Published: September 2017

PurposeIn functional MRI (fMRI), faster acquisition via undersampling of data can improve the spatial‐temporal resolution trade‐off and increase statistical robustness through increased degrees‐of‐freedom. High‐quality reconstruction of fMRI data from undersampled measurements requires proper modeling of the data. We present an fMRI reconstruction approach based on modeling the fMRI signal as a sum of periodic and fixed rank components, for improved reconstruction from undersampled measurements.MethodsThe proposed approach decomposes the fMRI signal into a component which has a fixed rank and a component consisting of a sum of periodic signals which is sparse in the temporal Fourier domain. Data reconstruction is performed by solving a constrained problem that enforces a fixed, moderate rank on one of the components, and a limited number of temporal frequencies on the other. Our approach is coined PEAR ‐ PEriodic And fixed Rank separation for fast fMRI.ResultsExperimental results include purely synthetic simulation, a simulation with real timecourses and retrospective undersampling of a real fMRI dataset. Evaluation was performed both quantitatively and visually versus ground truth, comparing PEAR to two additional recent methods for fMRI reconstruction from undersampled measurements. Results demonstrate PEAR's improvement in estimating the timecourses and activation maps versus the methods compared against at acceleration ratios of R = 8,10.66 (for simulated data) and R = 6.66,10 (for real data).ConclusionsThis paper presents PEAR, an undersampled fMRI reconstruction approach based on decomposing the fMRI signal to periodic and fixed rank components. PEAR results in reconstruction with higher fidelity than when using a fixed‐rank based model or a conventional Low‐rank + Sparse algorithm. We have shown that splitting the functional information between the components leads to better modeling of fMRI, over state‐of‐the‐art methods.
Categorical and dimensional perspectives on depression in elderly primary care patients – Results of the AgeMooDe study
Authors: Dorow Marie , Stein Janine , Pabst Alexander , Weyerer Siegfried , Werle Jochen , Maier Wolfgang , Miebach Lisa , Scherer Martin , Stark Anne , Wiese Birgitt , Moor Lilia , Bock Jens‐Oliver , König Hans‐Helmut , Riedel‐Heller Steffi G. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAn accurate diagnosis is essential for the management of late‐life depression in primary care. This study aims to (1) provide information on the agreement on depression diagnoses between general practitioners (GPs), dimensional tools (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS], Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS]) and a categorical tool (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM‐IV criteria [SCID]) and (2) identify factors associated with different diagnoses. As part of the multicenter study “Late‐life depression in primary care: needs, health care utilization and costs (AgeMooDe)” a sample of 1113 primary care patients aged 75 years and older was assessed. The proportion of depression was 24.3% according to GPs, 21.8% for the GDS, 18.9% for the HADS and 8.2% for the SCID. Taking GDS, HADS and SCID as reference standards, recognition of GPs was 47%, 48% and 63%. Cohen's Kappa values indicate slight to moderate agreement between diagnoses. Multinomial logistic regression models showed that patient related factors of depression were anxiety, intake of antidepressants, female gender, a low state of health, intake of medication for chronic diseases and functional impairment. GPs performed better at ruling out depression than ruling in depression. High levels of disagreement between different perspectives on depression indicate that they may be sensitive to different aspects of depression.
Fecal incontinence in patients with spina bifida: The target is the rectum
Authors: Brochard Charlène , Ropert Alain , Peyronnet Benoît , Ménard Hélène , Manunta Andréa , Neunlist Michel , Bouguen Guillaume , Siproudhis Laurent 
Published: September 2017

AimsThe prevalence rate of severe fecal incontinence (FI) in adults with spina bifida (SB) is high. The physiological basis of FI in SB has not been clearly established, which contributes to inadequate care. The aim was to better characterize a large cohort of adults with special consideration of anorectal physiology.MethodsA multidisciplinary team from a French referral centre for SB prospectively collected data on patients who had an anorectal manometry. Factors associated with severe FI (Cleveland clinical incontinence score ≥ 9) were assessed in a multivariate analysis model.ResultsA total of 132 adults with SB (sex ratio M/F: 55 [41.7%]/77 [58.3%]; mean age of 38.2 [11.6] years old) were assessed. Among these patients, 83/132 (62.9%) suffered from severe FI. Rectal perception was not evaluable among 17 patients who had a latex allergy. Overall, 29/115 (25.2%) had maximal tolerable volume (MTV) > 330 mL or no sensation. The absence of anal canal sensitivity, MVT > 330 mL and the amplitude of the recto‐anal inhibitory reflex (RAIR) >75% after a rectal isovolumic inflation of 50 mL were significantly associated with severe FI in the multivariate analysis model. Neither neurological level nor other neurological features were associated with severe FI.ConclusionsThis study showed that FI in patients with SB is mainly associated with rectal abnormalities. This should be taken into consideration to improve incontinence management of patients with SB.
Optimal maintenance policies for a safety‐critical system and its deteriorating sensor
Authors: van Oosterom Chiel , Maillart Lisa M. , Kharoufeh Jeffrey P. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe consider the integrated problem of optimally maintaining an imperfect, deteriorating sensor and the safety‐critical system it monitors. The sensor's costless observations of the binary state of the system become less informative over time. A costly full inspection may be conducted to perfectly discern the state of the system, after which the system is replaced if it is in the out‐of‐control state. In addition, a full inspection provides the opportunity to replace the sensor. We formulate the problem of adaptively scheduling full inspections and sensor replacements using a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP) model. The objective is to minimize the total expected discounted costs associated with system operation, full inspection, system replacement, and sensor replacement. We show that the optimal policy has a threshold structure and demonstrate the value of coordinating system and sensor maintenance via numerical examples. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 64: 399–417, 2017
Challenges in non‐invasive prenatal screening for sub‐chromosomal copy number variations using cell‐free DNA
Authors: Advani Henna V. , Barrett Angela N. , Evans Mark I. , Choolani Mahesh 
Published: September 2017

AbstractNon‐invasive prenatal screening (NIPS) has revolutionized the approach to prenatal fetal aneuploidy screening. Many commercial providers now offer analyses for sub‐chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs). Here, we review the use of NIPS in the context of screening for microdeletions and microduplications, issues surrounding the choice of disorders tested for, and the advantages and disadvantages associated with the inclusion of microdeletions to current NIPS. Several studies have claimed benefits; however, we suggest that microdeletions have not demonstrated a low enough false positive rate to be deemed practical or ethically acceptable, especially considering their low positive predictive values. Because a positive NIPS result should be confirmed using diagnostic techniques, and false positive rates are as high as 90% for some microdeletions, diagnostic testing seems preferable when the goal is to maximize the detection of microdeletion or microduplication syndromes.
Efficiency of prenatal diagnosis in Pierre Robin sequence
Authors: Di Pasquo Elvira , Amiel Jeanne , Roth Philippe , Malan Valérie , Lind Katia , Chalouhi Christel , Soupre Véronique , Gordon Christopher T. , Lyonnet Stanislas , Salomon Laurent J. , Abadie Véronique 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo analyze the efficiency of prenatal diagnosis of Pierre Robin sequence (PRS) regarding the final specific diagnosis and to determine whether infants have more severe respiratory disorders with than without prenatally suspected PRS.MethodsReview of the outcome of all prenatal cases of suspected PRS managed in our prenatal diagnosis center during the last 15 years; analysis of the consistency between prenatal and postnatal diagnoses in 2 groups of women with and without a family history of PRS; comparison of the grades of disease severity for infants with and without prenatally suspected PRS.ResultsFifty‐nine files were studied. Prenatal and postnatal consistencies of a specific diagnosis of PRS were 100% for women with a family history of PRS and with prenatally suspected nonisolated PRS. It was 78.6% for those with prenatally suspected isolated PRS. We describe 13 terminations of pregnancy. The 41 children living beyond 18 months seem to have more functionally severe phenotypes than the 227 children without prenatally suspected PRS.ConclusionPrenatal diagnosis of isolated PRS is a challenge as other features can be missed. Use of prenatal chromosomal microarray can improve the accuracy of diagnosis. In all cases, adequate neonatal care should be offered.
Early Administration of Adjuvant β‐Lactam Therapy in Combination with Vancomycin among Patients with Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bloodstream Infection: A Retrospective, Multicenter Analysis
Authors: Casapao Anthony M. , Jacobs David M. , Bowers Dana R. , Beyda Nicholas D. , Dilworth Thomas J. ,   the REACH‐ID Study Group
Published: September 2017

Study ObjectiveTo determine whether early administration of adjuvant β‐lactam in combination with vancomycin (COMBO) affects clinical outcomes compared to standard vancomycin therapy alone (STAN) among patients with methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection.DesignRetrospective, multicenter cohort study.SettingFive academic or community hospitals throughout the United States.PatientsAdults with MRSA bloodstream infections treated with vancomycin (≥ 72 hrs) with or without an intravenous β‐lactam (≥ 48 hrs) initiated within 24 hours of initiating vancomycin.Measurements and Main ResultsThe primary outcome was clinical failure, a composite endpoint including 30‐day mortality, persistent bacteremia (≥ 7 days), bacteremia relapse, or change in antibiotic therapy during treatment due to clinical worsening. A multivariable logistic regression examined the impact of patient‐, treatment‐, and pathogen‐level characteristics on clinical failure. A total of 201 patients were evaluated of whom 97 (48.3%) met the criteria for study inclusion; 40 (41.2%) in STAN and 57 (58.8%) in COMBO groups. Among patients in the STAN and COMBO groups, 30% and 24.6% experienced clinical failure, respectively (p=0.552). The median (interquartile range) duration of bacteremia in the STAN and COMBO groups was 4 days (2.5–6.5) and 3 days (2–5), respectively (p=0.048). In a multivariable analysis, receipt of COMBO therapy was inversely associated with clinical failure (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.237, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.057–0.982]; p=0.047). Other independent predictors of clinical failure included complicated bacteremia (aOR 6.856, 95% CI [1.641–28.649]; p=0.008) and antibiotic therapy not continued at discharge (aOR 45.404, 95% CI [9.383–219.714]; p<0.001).ConclusionsReceipt of COMBO therapy did not decrease the rate of clinical failure but was associated with expedited bacteremia clearance. Early adjuvant β‐lactam therapy deserves continued evaluation and clinical consideration.