bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Well would you believe it, I have failed the exam again”
Authors: Speyer Augustin , Fetzer Anita 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper compares the linguistic realization of coordinating and subordinating
discourse relations in English and German short personal narratives, paying
particular attention to the context-dependence of (1) their overt marking with
discourse connectives, and (2) their adjacent and non-adjacent positioning. The
analysis is based on 20 written texts collected from university students.
The use of discourse connectives with adjacently and non-adjacently positioned
discourse relations is more frequent in the English data. Considering the
sentence as the unit of investigation, the coordinating relations of Contrast
and Result and the subordinating relation of Explanation are marked overtly
throughout the English data, while coordinating Narration and Background, and
subordinating Elaboration and Comment relations are marked overtly less
frequently. The picture is roughly similar with clauses as units of
investigation. In the German data, the use of discourse connectives is also more
frequent irrespective of adjacently or non-adjacently positioned discourse
relations.
Order in disorder
Authors: Ledoux Sarah , Bull Peter 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRecent research has established that Japanese political oratory and audience behaviour (Bull & Feldman 2011;Feldman & Bull 2012) are fundamentally different to those found in British political speeches (Heritage & Greatbatch 1986). To further develop these cross-cultural analyses of political rhetoric, speaker-audience interaction was analysed in ten speeches by the two second-round candidates in the 2012 French presidential elections (François Hollande; Nicolas Sarkozy). Analogous to British speeches, French speeches were characterised by “implicit” affiliative response invitations and asynchronous speaker-audience interaction, in contrast to Japanese “explicit” invitations and synchrony. These results were interpreted in terms ofHofstede’s (2001)individualism-collectivism cultural dimensions. Dissimilarities in audience responses between the two candidates were also identified and discussed. The analysis of cross-cultural differences continues to reveal the intricate differences between societies, and ensures academic understanding on rhetoric is not boxed into crude universal rules.
Automatic extraction of specialized verbal units
Authors: Ghazzawi Nizar , Robichaud Benoît , Drouin Patrick , Sadat Fatiha 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper presents a methodology for the automatic extraction of specialized
Arabic, English and French verbs of the field of computing. Since nominal terms
are predominant in terminology, our interest is to explore to what extent verbs
can also be part of a terminological analysis. Hence, our objective is to verify
how an existing extraction tool will perform when it comes to specialized verbs
in a given specialized domain. Furthermore, we want to investigate any
particularities that a language can represent regarding verbal terms from the
automatic extraction perspective. Our choice to operate on three different
languages reflects our desire to see whether the chosen tool can perform better
on one language compared to the others. Moreover, given that Arabic is a
morphologically rich and complex language, we consider investigating the results
yielded by the extraction tool. The extractor used for our experiment is
TermoStat (Drouin 2003). So far, our
results show that the extraction of verbs of computing represents certain
differences in terms of quality and particularities of these units in this
specialized domain between the languages under question.
From writing to sign
Authors: Wurm Svenja 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article investigates the roles that text modalities play in translation from written text into recorded signed language. While written literacy practices have a long history, practices involving recorded signed texts are only beginning to develop. In addition, the specific characteristics of source and target modes offer different potentials and limitations, causing challenges for translation between written and signed language. Drawing on an ideological model of literacy and a social-semiotic multimodality approach, this article presents findings of a qualitative case study analyzing one practitioner’s strategies translating an academic text from written English into British Sign Language. Data generated through interviews and text analysis reveal an event influenced by the affordances of the media and the translator’s consideration of source and target literacy practices.
Impact of uncertainties on biomass to biofuel systems.
Authors: Verma S. K. , Fenila F. , Soren A. , Shastri Y. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Among the various sources of biomass, the lignocellulosic sources such as agricultural residue, dedicated energy grasses, forestry residue and short rotation woody biomass are expected to satisfy a significant fraction of the total future demand. However, while technologically feasible, the production of biofuels from lignocellulosic biomass is not techno-economically feasible. The presence of various uncertainties creates a number of challenges in overcoming these hurdles. The biomass to biofuel system is impacted by variability, both natural as well as anthropogenic, at almost all stages. This includes variability in feedstock production on a seasonal basis, variability in feedstock composition, variability in process efficiencies and variability in prices of raw material and products. This makes the optimization of the complete system extremely challenging. This article highlights the presence of these uncertainties and their impact on the operations of the biomass to biofuel systems. A detailed classification of uncertainties in biomass to biofuel systems, methods of incorporating uncertainties in process optimization and supply chain design are reviewed and explained. The paper will also review the work done to address these uncertainties using systematic methods.
Sea pens in the Mediterranean Sea: habitat suitability and opportunities for ecosystem recovery
Authors: Bastari Azzurra , Pica Daniela , Ferretti Francesco , Micheli Fiorenza , Cerrano Carlo 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The aim of this study is to synthesize available information on sea pens in the Mediterranean Sea and fill existing knowledge gaps through modelling of suitable habitat, with the overarching goal of informing strategies for protecting sea pen habitats from trawling impacts and facilitating their recovery. A review spanning the last 30 years was conducted to map the distribution of Mediterranean sea pen species. In the Adriatic Sea, presence–absence data were modelled with generalized additive models (GAMs) to identify potentially suitable habitats for Funiculina quadrangularis, Virgularia mirabilis, and Pennatula spp. Results show that sea pen distribution in the Mediterranean is mainly limited to continental northern shelves. Six species have been recorded throughout the Adriatic basin, where habitat suitability models confirm that its soft bottoms yield favourable conditions for sea pen assemblages. This information can help guide strategies for diminishing and reversing the impacts of bottom trawling on these vulnerable habitats.
The virial mass distribution of ultradiffuse galaxies in clusters and groups
Authors: Amorisco N C 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We use the observed abundances of ultradiffuse galaxies (UDGs) in clusters and groups and Λ cold dark matter subhalo mass functions to put constraints on the distribution of present-day halo masses of satellite UDGs. If all of the most massive subhaloes in the cluster host a UDG, UDGs occupy all subhaloes with log Msub/M⊙ ≳ 11. For a model in which the efficiency of UDG formation is higher around some characteristic halo mass, higher fractions of massive UDGs require larger spreads in the UDG mass distribution. In a cluster with a virial mass of 1015 M⊙, the 90 per cent upper limit for the fraction of UDGs with log Msub/M⊙ &gt; 12 is 7 per cent, occupying 70 per cent of all cluster subhaloes above the same mass. To reproduce the observed abundances, however, the mass distribution of satellite UDGs has to be broad, with &gt; 30 per cent having log Msub/M⊙ &lt; 10.9. This strongly supports that UDGs are part of a continuous distribution in which a majority are hosted by low-mass haloes. The abundance of satellite UDGs may fall short of the linear relation with the cluster/group mass Mhost in low-mass hosts, log Mhost/M⊙ ∼ 12. Characterizing these deviations – or the lack thereof – will allow for stringent constraints on the UDG virial mass distribution.
Does Performing Preplacement Workplace Hair Drug Testing Influence US Department of Transportation Random and Postaccident Urine Drug Test Positivity Rates?
Authors: Price James W. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Does performing pre-employment hair drug testing subsequently affect the prevalence of positive random and postaccident urine drug tests?

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was designed to evaluate the prevalence of positive postaccident and random workplace urine drug tests for companies that perform pre-employment hair and urine drug testing to companies that only perform pre-employment urine drug testing.

Results:
Fisher exact test of independence indicated no significant difference between pre-employment hair drug testing and overall US Department of Transportation random and postaccident urine drug test positivity rates.

Conclusions:
The analysis failed to reject the null hypothesis, suggesting that pre-employment hair drug testing had no effect upon random and postaccident urine drug test positivity rates.
Cardiopulmonary Aerobic Fitness Assessment During Maximal and Submaximal Exercise Testing in Pediatric Oncology Patients After Chemotherapy
Authors: Powell Adam W. , Nagarajan Rajaram , Mays Wayne A. , Chin Clifford , Knilans Timothy K. , Knecht Sandra K. , Amos Michelle A. , Gerdes Yvette M. , Ryan Thomas D. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is a valuable tool to assess cardiopulmonary exercise capacity in pediatric oncology patients after chemotherapy. In addition, few studies on the utility of submaximal testing have been performed, which could be important as some patients are unable to complete a maximal effort test secondary to deconditioning by both disease and treatment.

Materials and Methods:
We performed a retrospective chart review of pediatric cancer patients exposed to chemotherapy from 1992 to 2013 who underwent CPET with cycle ergometry (n=27). The study patients were compared with age-matched, sex-matched, and size-matched normal controls. The submaximal measure recorded was the oxygen consumption (VO2)@respiratory exchange ratio (RER) 1.0 during a maximal effort test.

Results:
The chemotherapy group demonstrated significantly lower exercise time (9.2±3.6 vs. 11.4±3.8; P=0.008), total work capacity (4914.4±3290.3 vs. 7664.4±4289.5; P=0.004), systolic blood pressure at peak exercise (162.9±23.2 vs. 177.3±23.8; P=0.01), indexed peak VO2 (33.9±6.9 vs. 40.0±6.3; P=0.001), and indexed peak oxygen pulse (6.1±1.3 vs. 7.0±1.5; P=0.004)). For the submaximal outcome measured, 11/27 of the chemotherapy patients had VO2@RER 1.0 values <−2 SD from the mean compared with 0/27 control patients.

Conclusions:
Pediatric patients exposed to chemotherapy have impaired cardiopulmonary exercise capacity. The VO2@RER 1.0 in chemotherapy patients suggests that this may be a reliable submaximal measure in this population.

Implications for Cancer Survivors:
This study demonstrates that the CPET can be used in pediatric cancer survivors with prior exposure to chemotherapy to demonstrate impaired cardiopulmonary exercise tolerance, which is demonstrated on submaximal and maximal effort testing.
An Enhanced Recovery after Surgery Pathway for Microvascular Breast Reconstruction Is Safe and Effective
Authors: Astanehe Arezoo , Temple-Oberle Claire , Nielsen Markus , de Haas William , Lindsay Robert , Matthews Jennifer , McKenzie David C , Yeung Justin , Schrag Christiaan 
Published: January 2018

Background:
The aim of this study was to develop, implement, and evaluate a standardized perioperative enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) clinical care pathway in microsurgical abdominal-based breast reconstruction.

Methods:
Development of a clinical care pathway was informed by the latest ERAS guideline for breast reconstruction. Key features included shortened preoperative fasting, judicious fluids, multimodal analgesics, early oral nutrition, early Foley catheter removal, and early ambulation. There were 3 groups of women in this cohort study: (1) traditional historical control; (2) transition group with partial implementation; and (3) ERAS. Narcotic use, patient-reported pain scores, antiemetic use, time to regular diet, time to first walk, hospital length of stay, and 30-day postoperative complications were compared between the groups.

Results:
After implementation of the pathway, the use of parenteral narcotics was reduced by 88% (traditional, 112 mg; transition, 58 mg; ERAS, 13 mg; P < 0.0001), with no consequent increase in patient-reported pain. Patients in the ERAS cohort used less antiemetics (7.0, 5.3, 2.2 doses, P < 0.0001), returned to normal diet 19 hours earlier (46, 39, 27 hours, P < 0.0001), and walked 25 hours sooner (75, 70, 50 hours, P < 0.0001). Overall, hospital length of stay was reduced by 2 days in the ERAS cohort (6.6, 5.6, 4.8 days, P < 0.0001), without an increase in rates of major complications (9.5%, 10.1%, 8.3%, P = 0.9).

Conclusions:
A clinical care pathway in microsurgical breast reconstruction using the ERAS Society guideline promotes successful early recovery.
Sudden Unexpected Death From Unusually Large Primary Cardiac B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Tikka Julius , Vaittinen Samuli , Pakanen Lasse , Lunetta Philippe 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Primary cardiac lymphomas represent approximately 1% to 2% of primary cardiac neoplasms and 5% of malignant cardiac neoplasms. Here we present a case of sudden unexpected death of a middle-aged male resulting from an unusually large cardiac B-cell lymphoma. The neoplasm infiltrated the myocardium of the right atrium and ventricle and, to a lesser extent, the wall of the left atrium and pulmonary trunk. Extensive infiltration of the heart by the primary cardiac lymphoma, combined with the complete lack of symptoms, makes this case unusual.
Morphometric Evaluation of the Frontal Migraine Trigger Site
Authors: Hsu Jessica J. , Stasiak Ashley M. , Ranganathan Kavitha , Adelman Eric E. , Janis Jeffrey E. , Cederna Paul S. , Kung Theodore A. 
Published: January 2018

Background:
Migraine headache has been attributed to specific craniofacial peripheral nerve trigger sites. Some have postulated that hypertrophy of the corrugator muscles causes compression of the supraorbital and supratrochlear nerves, resulting in migraine headache. This study uses morphometric evaluation to determine whether corrugator anatomy differs between patients with migraine headache and control subjects.

Methods:
A retrospective review identified patients with and without migraine headache who had a recent computed tomographic scan. Morphometric evaluation of the corrugator supercilii muscles was performed in a randomized and blinded fashion on 63 migraine headache and 63 gender-matched control patients using a three-dimensional image-processing program. These images were analyzed to determine whether corrugator size differed between migraine and control patients.

Results:
There was no difference in mean corrugator volume or thickness between migraine and control patients. The mean corrugator volume was 1.01 ± 0.26 cm3 compared with 1.06 ± 0.27 cm3 in control patients (p = 0.258), and the mean maximum thickness was 5.36 ± 0.86 mm in migraine patients compared with 5.50 ± 0.91 mm in controls (p = 0.359). Similarly, subgroup analysis of 38 patients with frontal migraine and 38 control subjects demonstrated no difference in corrugator size. Further subgroup analysis of nine patients with unilateral frontal migraine showed no difference in corrugator size between the symptomatic side compared with the contralateral side.

Conclusions:
Muscle hypertrophy itself does not play a major role in triggering migraine headache. Instead, factors such as muscle hyperactivity or peripheral nerve sensitization may be more causative.
Design principles for TB vaccines’ clinical trials based on spreading dynamics
Authors: Arregui Sergio , Marinova Dessislava , Martín Carlos , Sanz Joaquín , Moreno Yamir 
Published: January 2018

AbstractTuberculosis (TB) is one of the most complex diseases from the perspective of mathematical epidemiology. Individuals recently infected with the bacillus Mycobacterium tuberculosis can either develop TB directly in a matter of several weeks, or enter into an asymptomatic latent TB infection state (LTBI) that only occasionally derives into active disease, sometimes even decades after the infection event. The possible interruptions that a vaccine might provoke on these two mechanisms are indistinguishable in phase II clinical trials. In this work, we present a new methodology that allows differentiating vaccines that slow down the progression to disease from vaccines that prevent it. By introducing a stochastic framework for simulating synthetic clinical trials based on transmission models, we show how the method proposed here contributes both to reduce uncertainty in vaccine characterization and impact forecasts as well as to assist the design of clinical trials, improving their probabilities of success.
Brown rat demography reveals pre-commensal structure in eastern Asia prior to expansion into Southeast Asia
Authors: Puckett Emily E. , Munshi-South Jason 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTFossil evidence indicates that the globally-distributed brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) originated in northern China and Mongolia. Historical records report the human-mediated invasion of rats into Europe in the 1500s, followed by global spread due to European imperialist activity during the1600s-1800s. We analyzed 14 genomes representing seven previously identified evolutionary clusters and tested alternative demographic models to infer patterns of range expansion, divergence times, and changes in effective population (Ne) size for this globally important pest species. We observed three range expansions from the ancestral population that produced the Pacific (~4.8kya), eastern China (diverged ~0.55kya), and Southeast (SE) Asia (~0.53kya) lineages. Our model shows a rapid range expansion from SE Asia into the Middle East then continued expansion into central Europe 537 years ago (1478 AD). We observed declining Newithin all brown rat lineages from 150-1kya, reflecting population contractions during glacial cycles. Neincreased since 1kya in Asian and European, but not Pacific, evolutionary clusters. Our results support the hypothesis that northern Asia was the ancestral range for brown rats. We suggest that southward human migration across China between 800-1550s AD resulted in the introduction of rats to SE Asia, from which they rapidly expanded via existing maritime trade routes. Finally, we discovered that North America was colonized separately on both the Atlantic and Pacific seaboards, yet by evolutionary clusters of vastly different ages and genomic diversity levels. Our results should stimulate discussions among historians and zooarcheologists regarding the relationship between humans and rats.
Locally distributed abstraction of temporal distance in human parietal cortex
Authors: Ye Qun , Hu Yi , Ku Yixuan , Appiah Kofi , Kwok Sze Chai 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAn enduring puzzle in the neuroscience of memory is how the brain parsimoniously situates past events by their order in relation to time. By combining functional MRI, and representational similarity analysis, we reveal a multivoxel representation of time intervals separating pairs of episodic event-moments in the posterior medial memory system, especially when the events were experienced within a similar temporal context. We further show such multivoxel representations to be vulnerable to disruption through targeted repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and that perturbation to the mnemonic abstraction alters the neural—behavior relationship across the wider parietal memory network. Our findings establish a mnemonic “pattern-based” code of temporal distances in the human brain, a fundamental neural mechanism for supporting the temporal structure of past events, assigning the precuneus as a locus of flexibly effecting the manipulation of physical time during episodic memory retrieval.
Study on the structural stability evaluation of umbilical winch for ROV LARS
Authors: Woo Namsub , Han Sangmok , Kim Youngju , Huh Sunchul , Kim Hyunji 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this study is structural stability evaluation of umbilical winch. In accordance with the recent trend for developing natural resources, high-technology equipment on exploration ships is becoming more technologically advanced. One such piece of high-technology equipment is the umbilical winch. In this study, the umbilical winch is divided into two parts (drum and winch), where each is respectively designed with three dimensional models using CATIA, and dynamic simulation and structural analysis are performed using ANSYS.

Design/methodology/approach
In this paper, the winch is divided into two parts for finite element analysis, the drum and whole winch model, and the parts are designed as three-dimensional models except for some small parts, such as bolt holes. Dynamic simulation and structural analysis are then performed using ANSYS. The analysis results ensure the reliability of the design methods and will be used in the domestic localization of remote operated vehicle (ROV) launch and recovery systems (LARS).

Findings
The strain is identified from the results, but it is very small. Some stress is concentrated at the lower corner of the drum, but the maximum stress value is lower than the allowable stress; therefore, the structure has no impact on the strain and stress. Thus, it is determined that the designed structure is safe. The results ensure the reliability of the design methods and will be used in the domestic localization of ROV LARS.

Originality/value
Previous studies focus on the static and mechanic problems of the winch by considering winch and drum breakage in the umbilical winch system. However, ships have a nonlinear motion characteristic with six degrees of freedom according to the constant influence of the external environment. In addition, from a design perspective, the dynamic characteristics (e.g. the ship’s motions) are more important than the static characteristics. Thus, the authors focus on winch stability securement with variable loads, such as ships moving, wave disturbance and other such important environment conditions.