bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Towards a Happy Revolution
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter begins with the view commonly held in mid-eighteenth-century France that poetry in verse had become outmoded. By contrast, the idea of the prose-writer as lawgiver was rapidly gaining ground, especially in the theatre. Despite Rousseau’s opposition Diderot’s advocacy of so-called bourgeois drama as an instrument of public education was increasingly supported, most famously by Beaumarchais and most energetically by Louis-Sébastien Mercier. Not only did Mercier take up Diderot’s idea that dramatists might work in tandem with the courts to promote reform and observance of the law, he argued that all writers could become the new ‘magistrates’ and work towards a ‘happy Revolution’. Following renewed interest in the poet-lawgivers of ancient Greece (Condillac, Rousseau, Marmontel) and a growing taste for the ‘primitive’ (Bernardin de Saint-Pierre, Parny), poetry in verse began to regain respect and popularity, especially in the new genre of ‘poésie descriptive’ (Saint-Lambert, Delille, Roucher).
Literature and Progress
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter analyses De la littérature, Staël’s pioneering study of the relations between literature and society. For Staël in 1800 ‘literature’ still includes historical and philosophical writing, as well as works of the imagination, and she proposes a progressive agenda for the writer as lawgiver and proponent of enthusiasm. The chapter examines how she affirms the possibility of intellectual and moral progress and argues for an accompanying change in literary practice. New circumstances make new readers, and new readers require new writing. Suspicious of verse, which she considers too reliant on fantasy and the supernatural, Staël favours prose as the better medium for innovative rational thought and the fostering of enthusiasm. Through ‘alternative’ lawgiving such literature can create a community of readers ready to oppose the status quo. But already, in her discussion of melancholy, she begins to perceive poetry of the imagination as a powerful stimulus to spiritual aspiration.
The Lawgiver as Poet
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter discusses De l’Allemagne with particular emphasis on Staël’s turn to poetry, adumbrated in De la littérature, illustrated in Corinne and here expounded in theoretical terms. At one level De l’Allemagne echoes the call made in De la littérature for French literature to open itself up to new models and new ways of writing. At another, and manifesting Staël’s new familiarity with Germany and its culture, it also counters Enlightenment materialist philosophy with a conception of enthusiasm now derived from German idealism and particularly Kant. Staël combines deism and idealism in her view of poetry as the medium of a new and essentially secular spirituality. God is ‘within us’, in our human nature, itself in harmony with the natural world. Poetry can offer a post-Christian—and in fact post-Romantic—conduit for a non-denominational and non-transcendental religious feeling of connectedness within our terrestrial environment.
The Poet as Politician
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter describes how in 1830 Lamartine embarked on a political career. Moving to the republican Left, he sees himself in his pamphlet Sur la politique rationnelle (1831) as the column of fire leading the misguided Moses of the Restoration towards a promised land of parliamentary democracy. In Voyage en Orient (1835) he is the ‘Christopher Columbus of Liberty’, driven by a strong sense of his own ‘election’ as lawgiver and offering a programme of social reform he calls ‘Christian rationalism’. In Des destinées de la poésie (1834) he aligns this programme with poetry itself and now considers the poet to be the voice of humanity rather than God. Accordingly, in the mid-to-late 1830s, he aspires to be the new Homer, composing verse epics—Jocelyn (1836), La Chute d’un ange (1838)—that promote the prospect of redemption through love and replace the poet as prophet with a poet at prayer.
The Poet at Prayer
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Following his withdrawal from political life in 1848 Lamartine reflected on his earlier career as a poet, both in notes written to be included in his complete works and in his privately published monthly periodical, the Cours familier de littérature (1856–69). This chapter discusses how in these reflections, as in some earlier works, Lamartine articulates a conception of the poet’s function as a form of prayer: of prayer as a language apart, an activity in which semantic content is subsidiary to the act of utterance itself. Where once he had presented the poet as the new David, the chosen instrument of a divine truth, he now rejects this model altogether and sees the true function of poetry as residing in the expression of human uncertainty, in a prayer-like murmur serving to intimate an unknowable and unsayable mystery from within the context of our lacunary human grasp on knowledge.
Olympio
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter considers Hugo’s three verse collections Les Chants du crépuscule (1835), Les Voix intérieures (1837), and Les Rayons et les Ombres (1840). It discusses his continuing ambivalence about the poet’s role and how he seeks to resolve the tension between the private and the public functions of poetry in the figure of Olympio: the poet as a living being of flesh and blood to whom is granted a godlike, Olympian perspective on human experience. This figure had already appeared in the first preface to the Odes and with increasing frequency in Hugo’s first three collections, but it now comes to the fore, temporarily under the name of Olympio: the poet as the intimate self writ large and offering moral leadership on the basis of superior philosophical insight into the inner workings of the universe; the poet as author of ‘Le Poème de l’Homme’, the poet as God.
The Poet as Lawgiver and Visionary
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter examines the role of the poet as lawgiver in Châtiments (1853) and Les Contemplations (1856). In Châtiments the poet figures as public arbiter, condemning Louis-Napoléon’s usurpation of power and championing justice and the values of the Revolution. By his title he advocates opprobrium rather than assassination as the appropriate response to the 1851 coup d’état; and he seeks his moral victory through satirical verse and by making his opposition to ‘Napoléon-le-petit’ emblematic of an eternal epic struggle between Good and Evil. In Les Contemplations the poet similarly transforms the events of his own life into supporting evidence for a cosmic vision. Here he plays many different roles, especially those of seer and ghost (with a theory of metempsychosis and universal redemption) and, again, that of God: a Creator in language who, through poetic structure and imagery, mimics—or creates?—a cosmic unity of design
The Poet as Genius and Promontory
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter follows Hugo’s reflections on the poetic function through a number of later verse and prose works. Drawing on discussion at the end of Chapter 18 of whether the poet more closely resembles Moses or Orpheus (does the visionary receive or invent what he writes?), the chapter traces Hugo’s insistently speculative observations on the poet’s role as lawgiver. Beginning with his presentation of the poet as magus in Les Contemplations, the chapter goes on to consider his accounts of the poet as genius and educator, as ‘civilizer’ (William Shakespeare), as cosmic historian (La Fin de Satan, Dieu, La Légende des siècles, L’Année terrible), and finally as promontory (William Shakespeare, ‘Promontorium somnii’, ‘Les Choses de l’infini’)—that is, the poet as secular spirit venturing out into the unknown in pursuit of the unthought and the unsaid, the poet following his own mysterious law: ‘aller au delà’.
A Purpose for Sadness
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This chapter examines Vigny’s first collection of poems, tracing its evolution through several editions and discussing its illustration of a tripartite history of poetry that extends from the poetry of ancient Greece, through biblical poetry of the kind championed by Chateaubriand and the early Lamartine, to a poetry expressive of the modern world. Where Lamartine had revived the elegy and Hugo the ode, Vigny’s preference was for the ‘poème’, a form of narrative verse in which compassionate accounts of human suffering support the poet-lawgiver’s overt agenda of stoical acceptance and human self-sufficiency. For Vigny’s poet there is no God, no transcendent realm, just a world of literal fact to be interpreted by human reason for the moral guidance of others. Poetry as a form of pity thus lends a purpose to sadness.
Words of Honour
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Following discussion of Vigny’s comparison of the poet and the soldier in Servitude et grandeur militaires (1835), with particular regard to the concept of honour, this chapter examines Les Destinées, published posthumously. Vigny envisaged these poems as ‘words of honour’ derived from a lifetime’s experience and gifted to future generations by the poet-lawgiver as a precious legacy. The chapter considers the structure of the collection and its presentation of three different conceptions of destiny and its laws. It shows how particular images (the diamond, crystal, and pearl, the bottle and logbook) testify to Vigny’s new emphasis on poetic form as a vehicle for thought: clarity, durability, and memorability matter if knowledge is to be distilled and bequeathed as the elixir of poetry. The chapter ends by analysing Vigny’s contrasting use of terza rima and the seven-line stanza in the light of his comparison of the poet to a stonemason.
14 July 1889
Authors: Pearson Roger 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This final chapter provides a snapshot of thinking about poetry on the first centenary of the Revolution and illustrates the continuing importance of the figure of the poet-lawgiver. Beginning with Mallarmé’s reflections on 14 July 1889 as he observed the crowd’s centennial celebrations and interpreted them as an appeal to poets for spiritual aid, the chapter then offers a detailed analysis of Charles Morice’s La Littérature de tout à l’heure (1889), acclaimed as a blueprint for emergent Symbolist poetry. But where Morice, ostensibly a ‘disciple’ of Mallarmé, is in reality seeking a Christian revival and harks back to earlier models of the poet as lawgiver, Mallarmé, notably in his Oxford and Cambridge lecture on La Musique et les Lettres (1894) and in his Variations sur un sujet (1895), argues for a new conception of the poet’s lawgiving as a form of secular ministry, at once political and religious in function.
Teaming Routines in Complex Innovation Projects
Authors: Edmondson Amy C. , Zuzul Tiona 
Published: May 2016

AbstractInnovation projects thrive when they bring together individuals with diverse expertise. But, to succeed, such projects must support effective teaming: coordination and collaboration between experts working together in shifting, fluid ways across physical, status, or knowledge boundaries. In this chapter, the authors develop the idea of teaming routines: routines that enable coordination and collaboration between experts across multiple boundaries. The chapter draws on longitudinal data from Lake Nona, a novel mega-project in the built environment, to explore how leaders enabled the development of teaming routines that supported innovation. By theorizing the processes through which leaders can build teaming routines into complex, large-scale innovation projects, the authors add to the existing literature, which has largely focused on routines in the context of a single organization or an alliance between two organizations.
Contribution of Genetic Background and Clinical Risk Factors to Low-Trauma Fractures in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Positive Persons: The Swiss HIV Cohort Study
Authors: Junier Thomas , Rotger Margalida , Biver Emmanuel , Ledergerber Bruno , Barceló Catalina , Bartha Istvan , Kovari Helen , Schmid Patrick , Fux Christoph , Bernasconi Enos , Brun del Re Claudia , Weber Rainer , Fellay Jacques , Tarr Philip E. ,   The Swiss HIV Cohort Study, Aubert V , Battegay M , Bernasconi E , Böni J , Braun DL , Bucher HC , Burton-Jeangros C , Calmy A , Cavassini M , Dollenmaier G , Egger M , Elzi L , Fehr J , Fellay J , Furrer H , Fux CA , Gorgievski M , Günthard H , Haerry D , Hasse B , Hirsch HH , Hoffmann M , Hösli I , Kahlert C , Kaiser L , Keiser O , Klimkait T , Kouyos R , Kovari H , Ledergerber B , Martinetti G , Martinez de Tejada B , Marzolini C , Metzner K , Müller N , Nadal D , Nicca D , Pantaleo G , Rauch A , Regenass S , Rudin C , Schmid P , Speck R , Stöckle M , Tarr P , Trkola A , Vernazza P , Weber R , Yerly S 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background.  The impact of human genetic background on low-trauma fracture (LTF) risk has not been evaluated in the context of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and clinical LTF risk factors.
Methods.  In the general population, 6 common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associate with LTF through genome-wide association study. Using genome-wide SNP arrays and imputation, we genotyped these SNPs in HIV-positive, white Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants. We included 103 individuals with a first, physician-validated LTF and 206 controls matched on gender, whose duration of observation and whose antiretroviral therapy start dates were similar using incidence density sampling. Analyses of nongenetic LTF risk factors were based on 158 cases and 788 controls.
Results.  A genetic risk score built from the 6 LTF-associated SNPs did not associate with LTF risk, in both models including and not including parental hip fracture history. The contribution of clinical LTF risk factors was limited in our dataset.
Conclusions.  Genetic LTF markers with a modest effect size in the general population do not improve fracture prediction in persons with HIV, in whom clinical LTF risk factors are prevalent in both cases and controls.
Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity to Hemagglutinin of Influenza A Viruses After Influenza Vaccination in Humans
Authors: Zhong Weimin , Liu Feng , Wilson Jason R. , Holiday Crystal , Li Zhu-Nan , Bai Yaohui , Tzeng Wen-Pin , Stevens James , York Ian A. , Levine Min Z. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Background.  Detection of neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) to influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) antigens by conventional serological assays is currently the main immune correlate of protection for influenza vaccines However, current prepandemic avian influenza vaccines are poorly immunogenic in inducing nAbs despite considerable protection conferred. Recent studies show that Ab-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to HA antigens are readily detectable in the sera of healthy individuals and patients with influenza infection.
Methods.  Virus neutralization and ADCC activities of serum samples from individuals who received either seasonal or a stock-piled H5N1 avian influenza vaccine were evaluated by hemagglutination inhibition assay, microneutralization assay, and an improved ADCC natural killer (NK) cell activation assay.
Results.  Immunization with inactivated seasonal influenza vaccine led to strong expansion of both nAbs and ADCC-mediating antibodies (adccAbs) to H3 antigen of the vaccine virus in 24 postvaccination human sera. In sharp contrast, 18 individuals vaccinated with the adjuvanted H5N1 avian influenza vaccine mounted H5-specific antibodies with strong ADCC activities despite moderate virus neutralization capacity. Strength of HA-specific ADCC activities is largely associated with the titers of HA-binding antibodies and not with the fine antigenic specificity of anti-HA nAbs.
Conclusions.  Detection of both nAbs and adccAbs may better reflect protective capacity of HA-specific antibodies induced by avian influenza vaccines.
Single molecule long read sequencing resolves the detailed structure of complex satellite DNA loci inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Khost D. E. , Eickbush D. G. , Larracuente A. M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTSatellite DNA (satDNA) repeats can make up a large fraction of eukaryotic genomes. These blocks of tandem repeats are rapidly evolving and have roles in genome stability and chromosome segregation. Their repetitive nature poses genome assembly challenges and has stymied progress on the detailed study of satDNA structure. Here we use single molecule real-time sequencing reads to assemble and study the genomic structure of two complex satDNA loci inDrosophila melanogaster—260-bpandResponder—with unprecedented resolution. We find that complex satDNAs are organized into large tandem arrays interrupted by transposable elements. The homogenized repeats in the array center suggest that gene conversion and unequal crossovers drive the concerted evolution of repeats, the degree to which differs among satDNA loci. Both satDNA arrays have a higher order organization that suggests recent structural rearrangements. These assemblies provide a platform for the evolutionary and functional genomics of satDNAs in pericentric heterochromatin.
Vested interest: developing scales for assessing flooding preparedness
Authors: Adame Bradley , Miller Claude H 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to report research testing scales developed from a combination of vested interest (VI) theory and the extended parallel process model of fear appeals. The scales were created to measure variables specified by an expanded model of VI: certainty, salience, immediacy, self-efficacy, response-efficacy, and susceptibility.Design/methodology/approach– A survey was designed with subscales for each element and combined with additional disaster and risk perception variables. Survey data were collected from two populations in the US state of Oklahoma. Results from scale development and regression analyses are reported.Findings– Results show that the scales are robust and flexible to contextual modification. The scales return good to excellent reliabilities, providing evidence that the variables articulated by VI theory predict perceived salience and perceived preparedness.Practical implications– This study adds to the research pointing to the efficacy of VI theory in providing insight into the perceptual barriers to preparedness. These results demonstrate that perceived vestedness can be a valuable tool in crafting messages to inform audiences of risks and motivate them to prepare.Social implications– These results can facilitate the creation of more effective hazard and risk messages. Related research shows households that are prepared for natural and manmade hazards enjoy higher rates of survivability and lower levels of consequences.Originality/value– This paper presents new results concerning perceived vestedness and the utility of the scales. The research should be of value to practitioners and policymakers concerned with motivating public audiences to prepare for natural and manmade hazards.
Intra-organisational drivers of purchasing social responsibility
Authors: Robert Lauriane , Bocquet Rachel , Gardet Elodie 
Published: May 2016

PurposeThis study aims to identify intra-organisational drivers that enhance the implementation of a purchasing social responsibility (PSR) approach and drivers that influence PSR throughout the phases of the process.Design/methodology/approachThe conceptual framework presents PSR as a process, rather than merely a decision. It focuses on three dimensions (centralisation, specialisation and formalisation) to highlight the role and evolution of key drivers through a three-phase process (set-up, operating and sustaining). The empirical analysis is based on a single qualitative case study of Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Français (SNCF), France’s state-owned railway company, which is particularly advanced in its PSR-related practices.FindingsThe intra-organisational drivers differ according to the phase of the PSR process. Transitions across the three phases entail organisational adaptation, which require the company to transform from a mechanistic to an organic structure.Research limitations/implicationsThis research contributes to a better understanding of the PSR implementation process through an in-depth study focused on intra-organisational drivers. Although relatively understudied, these drivers play important roles.Practical implicationsThis study identifies operational, intra-organisational leverage actions that can benefit firms that aim to adopt or maintain a PSR approach. It also provides comprehensive guidance for activating these leverages throughout the PSR implementation process, and it helps firms identify their level of PSR.Originality/valueThis study proposes the first processual, organisational interpretation of PSR approaches.
Trade-offs in managing commercial consumer returns for online apparel retail
Authors: de Leeuw Sander , Minguela-Rata Beatriz , Sabet Ehsan , Boter Jaap , Sigurðardóttir Runa 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how online apparel retailers make trade-offs in achieving efficiency in handling consumer returns, attempting to reduce the number of consumer returns they are faced with and increasing sales through returns management.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors use literature to develop propositions and employed a case study research design to understand how online apparel retailers make trade-offs in returns management practices in order to verify the propositions. Case study subjects have been anonimized.

Findings
– The authors have developed and verified five propositions with the aim to understand how retailers make trade-offs in reducing the number of online consumer returns, increasing the effectiveness of handling online consumer returns and increasing sales through returns management.

Research limitations/implications
– The research is limited by the use of interview data from cases, a focus on apparel retail only and by the use of companies located in the Netherlands only.

Practical implications
– The propositions help managers make trade-offs in reducing the number of returns versus increasing sales through returns management versus increasing the effectiveness of handling consumer returns.

Social implications
– Consumer returns lead to a significant flow of items from consumers back to online retailers, in particular in fashion. Reduction of this flow decreases social and environmental impacts through reduced transport and handling requirements.

Originality/value
– Several authors identify that more empirical research is welcome in the area of returns management. The research aims to contribute to this gap by focussing at how online apparel retailers make trade-offs in achieving efficiency in handling returns, increasing sales through returns management and attempting to reduce the number of consumer returns they receive.