bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
WITHDRAWN: A Study Protocol for “Comparative Evaluation of Effectiveness of Demineralized Freeze-Dried Bone Allografts (DFDBA) with Titanium Platelet Rich Fibrin (T-PRF) and Autologous Dentin Graft (ADG) with T-PRF in Alveolar Socket Preservation: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial”
Authors: Thakre Shivani , Bajaj Pavan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: Socket preservation is a pivotal procedure in modern dentistry, dedicated to the preservation of the alveolar ridge architecture after tooth extraction. The techniques vary from basic socket fillers such as blood clot preservation to more advanced techniques using barrier membranes and bone grafts such as autografts, allografts, xenografts, and synthetic materials. The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of alveolar socket preservation with T-PRF (Titanium-Prepared Platelet-Rich Fibrin) and ADG (Autologous Dentin Graft) with T-PRF in socket preservation. This assessment will be carried out through comprehensive clinical, radiographic, and histomorphometric analysis. The objective is to determine the most efficient method for maintaining socket integrity after tooth extraction.
Method and Design: A total of 16 patients who match the specified criteria will be randomly assigned to one of two groups:(1) Socket preservation using DFDBA in combination with T-PRF and (2) Socket preservation performed using ADG with T-PRF. Following four months all the clinical variables will be assessed, a CBCT radiograph will be used to examine volumetric bone status, and biopsies will be analyzed histomorphometrically obtained during implant placement. Linear phenotypic dimensional changes will be assessed as secondary outcomes.
Discussion: The results obtained from this study will demonstrate if T-PRF along with ADG will lead to better radiographic bone fill and improved socket measurements compared to that of DFDBA with T-PRF. The results and patient-reported outcomes will be used to help choose the most effective type of therapy for socket preservation.
Trial registration: The registration number for this trial is CTRI/2024/05/068192.
The Design of Human-Computer Interaction Learning System for Children's Education
Authors: Li Mengru , Lv Yang , Pu Yongming , Wu Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aims to develop and evaluate an interactive learning system for children. Through mixed-method research, combined with quantitative and qualitative data analysis, this study provides a comprehensive evaluation of the educational effectiveness of the system. The study involves children in grades 1-6, and data on learning effectiveness before and after using the system are collected through pre-experiments and formal experiments. The results of quantitative analysis show that after using the system, the average improvement rate for students in grades 1-3 is 24.6% in mathematics and 28.1% in science, while in grades 4-6, the improvement rate is 22.2% in mathematics and 26.8% in science. The average response time of the system is 1.77 seconds, with the longest response time being 3.1 seconds. User satisfaction is 94%, and the error rate is 0.2%. These results demonstrate that the developed learning system has significant effects on improving children's learning effectiveness and optimizing user experience.
Efficacy and Predictors of Noninvasive Ventilation in neonates with congenital heart disease
Authors: Zhang Han , Zuo Yansong , Li Qiangqiang , Sun Jiashu , Li Gang , Wang Qiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the outcomes of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) therapy in neonates with congenital heart disease at our institute, and identify predictors associated with noninvasive ventilation therapy.
Methods: We examined 207 neonates who underwent cardiac surgery at a single institution from 2018 to 2023. Relevant data, such as demographic information, operative details, and postoperative records, were gathered from medical and surgical records. Our primary focus was on the NIV failure.
Results: Median age and weight at surgery were 12(6-19) days and 3.3 (2.9-3.6) kg, respectively. 86(41.5%) patients were extubated to NIV (NIV group), and 121(58.5%) were not experienced NIV (No-NIV group). In NIV group, 47 (57.4%) were assigned to the preventive group and 39 (47.3%) to the non-preventive group. The NIV failure rate was 6.8% (14/86) and mortality rate was 2.4% (n=5). According to multivariate logistic regression analysis PaCO2>37.5mmHg at pre-extubation and requirement for emergent resuscitation before surgery were the independent predictors associated with NIV therapy, the duration of postoperative mechanical ventilation (MV), PaCO2 value at 24h post-extubation and vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) influenced the occurrence of NIV failures, and there were more NIV failure happened after 24 hours of NIV therapy (8/14, 57.1%). For the patients with longer aortic cross‑clamp time, higher PCO2 value at pre-extubation and required peritoneal dialysis after surgery were more likely to receive preventive NIV therapy.
Conclusions: NIV can be successfully used in neonates who after cardiac surgery. For patients at risk, the preventive NIV therapy could more effective in avoiding NIV failure.
White matter tract involvement in alien hand syndrome following stroke: diffusion tensor imaging study
Authors: Park Jihee , Lee Sekwang , Tae Woo-Suk , Pyun Sung-Bom 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Alien Hand Syndrome (AHS) disrupts hand control, often attributed to corpus callosum (CC) damage, which connects the two brain hemispheres. AHS can also result from damage to the medial frontal cortex, parietal lobe, or thalamus, but its precise causes remain unclear. This study aimed to identify the white matter tracts associated with AHS development using the automated reconstruction of 42 tracts from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). We included three female AHS patients with anterior cerebral arterial (ACA) infarctions. Additionally, we enrolled 20 age-matched control subjects and six patients with ACA infarctions but without AHS symptoms (N-AHS group) for comparison. DTI was conducted in AHS, N-AHS, and control groups. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and volume values were extracted from the DTI datasets of participants using TRActs Constrained by UnderLying Anatomy (TRACULA) technique. The AHS group showed lower FA values of the CC body (parietal and temporal section), right arcuate fasciculus, corticospinal tract, extreme capsule, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and superior longitudinal fasciculus than the control group. However, these tracts exhibited no significant difference between N-AHS and control groups. Similarly, the volume value in the genu of CC in the AHS group was lower than controls, but not in other tracts. Our results suggest that the extensive CC lesion, especially in the posterior parietal and temporal section of CC body, is associated with the development of AHS. These results shed light on the neural mechanisms involved in AHS and underscore the significance of considering various white matter tracts beyond CC for understanding this syndrome.
Primary intracranial sarcoma associated with DICER1-mutant: A case report and preclinical investigation
Authors: Honma Hirokuni , Tateishi Kensuke , Iwashita Hiromichi , Miyake Yohei , Tsujimoto Shinichi , Hayashi Hiroaki , Ohgaki Fukutaro , Nakano Yoshiko , Ichimura Koichi , Yamanaka Shoji , Kato Motohiro , Fujii Satoshi , Ito Shuichi , Yokoo Hideaki , Yamamoto Tetsuya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Primary intracranial sarcoma (PIS) is a rare and aggressive pediatric brain tumor, which is partially associated with DICER1 mutant. Although the molecular genetic characteristics of this tumor have previously been investigated, novel therapeutic targets remain unclear. Further, the lack of faithful preclinical models has hampered the development of novel therapeutic strategies. Herein, we describe a pediatric case of PIS with DICER1 mutant and describe the development of the first novel patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model of this rare tumor. Somatic genomic profiling of the tumor revealed mutations in DICER1, TP53, and ATRX. Germline analysis further revealed a pathogenic variant of DICER1, significant for the diagnosis and management of hereditary tumor predisposition syndrome. Overall, we demonstrated that the PDX model faithfully retained the phenotype and genotype of the patient’s tumor, as well as the DNA methylation profile. Through high-throughput drug screening using PDX tumor cells, we found that activation of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signaling pathway reduced tumor cell viability. These findings indicate that the RAR signaling pathway is a potential therapeutic target for PIS in DICER1 mutant.
Non-specific abdominal pain in elderly patients discharged from the emergency department: frequency, outcomes and risk-factors for adverse events (EDEN-43 study)
Authors: Miró Oscar , Morales Xavier , Cardeñosa Sandra Cuerpo , Möckel Martin , Fernandez Cesareo , Burillo Guillermo , Alquezar-Arbé Aitor , Montero-Pérez Francisco Javier , Jacob Javier , Bellido Andrea , Aguiló Sira , Castillo Juan González del 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: To determine how frequent the diagnosis of non-specific abdominal pain (NSAP) is among elderly patients discharged from emergency departments (EDs), investigate short-term outcomes and look for factors related to adverse outcomes.
Methods: We included all patients 65 years or older diagnosed with NSAP and discharged home after ED care in 52 Spanish EDs during a one-week period. Outcomes consisted of 7-day and 30-day all-cause death, 30-day ED reconsultation and hospitalization, and 30-day combined adverse events (AEs) (ED reconsultation, hospitalization or death). Selected sociodemographic and index episode data were investigated for their potential relationship with 30-day combined AEs.
Results: Among 25,557 elderly patients attended in EDs during the 1-week period, 19,026 were discharged home and 397 (2.1%) had NSAP as the final diagnosis. The 7-day and 30-day mortality were 0.3% and 1.5%, respectively. The 30-day ED reconsultation was 21.9% and the 30-day hospitalization was 16.4%. Thirty-day combined AEs were recorded in 22.9% of patients and were independently associated with comorbidity and functional impairment as well as the use of opiate and non-opiate analgesia and lack of laboratory and imaging studies in the ED during the index episode.
Conclusions: A diagnosis of NSAP at ED discharge is frequent in elderly patients and carries a risk of adverse short-term outcomes. Discharge of those patients should be cautious, especially in comorbid patients with limited functional capacity, those needing analgesia, particularly opiates, and patients discharged without laboratory and imaging studies.
CatLet© score for estimation of benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention versus optimal medical therapy in patients with acute myocardial infarction
Authors: He Yang , Xu Jian-Ping , Pan Yun , Wang Peng , He Yong-Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The recently developed the Coronary Artery Tree description and Lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet©) angiographic scoring system has adequately accounted for the variability in coronary anatomy and considered both the severity of a coronary artery stenosis and its subtended myocardial territory. This study aims to investigate its potential roles played in guiding treatment strategies.
Methods
A total of consecutive 544 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with single vessel disease were enrolled and their CatLet scores were calculated. The patients were divided into two groups: high (≥10) or low (< 10) CatLet score group. The primary endpoint was all-cause death. Cox regression survival analysis was performed to determine the benefits of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) versus optimal medical therapy in each group.
Results
The survival rate of all-cause death in the low CatLet score group was similar regardless of whether PCI was performed (P = 0.86). However, in the high CatLet score group, the survival rate was significantly higher when PCI was performed as compared to those whose PCI was not performed (P = 0.0067). The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI, P) were 0.20 (0.07–0.62, P = 0.005) for PCI in higher CatLet score group and 6.96 (0.22-205.65, P = 0.277) in lower CatLet score group.
Conclusions
The CatLet angiographic scoring system, capable to semi-quantify the myocardial territory, can be a useful tool to guide the treatment strategy for patients with AMI. Those with a CatLet score≥10 or more than five myocardial segments involved (CatLet score divided by the coefficient of 2) would benefit from the PCI strategy (http://www.chictr.org.cn; Registry Number: ChiCTR2000033730).
Loss of the wild-type allele promotes carcinogenesis of bladder urothelial cells with p53 missense mutation
Authors: Kobayashi Takashi , Hamada Akihiro , Kita Yuki , Sakatani Toru , Nakamura Kenji , Takada Hideaki , Ikeuchi Ryosuke , Koike Shuhei , Masuda Norihiko , Murakami Kaoru , Sano Takeshi , Goto Takayuki , Saito Ryoichi , Teramoto Yuki , Fujimoto Masakazu , Hatano Narumi , Kamada Mayumi , Ogawa Osamu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In advanced bladder cancer cases, p53 is the most frequently altered gene. Despite missense mutation accounts for over 60% of p53 alterations while homozygous deletion (HOM) for only 5% or less, most of the previously reported mouse models are deficient of p53. Accordingly, there have been few studies addressing whether missense mutations have an advantage over HOM in bladder cancer development. Pten-deficient, Trp53-mutant (Trp53R172H/+) organoids derived from Krt5-expressing mouse urothelium (K5-mUrorganoid) were tumorigenic in athymic mice, but every formed tumors showed loss of wild-type allele of Trp53 (Trp53R172H/LOH). Both Trp53R172H/Δ and Trp53Δ/Δ K5-mUrorganoids formed tumor in athymic mice, whereas only Trp53R172H/Δ K5-mUrorganoid formed tumor even when directly inoculated in immunocompetent syngeneic mice. The absence of wild-type Trp53 was associated with upregulation of proliferative signaling, and the presence of a mutant Trp53 allele was associated with reduced intratumoral CD8+ T cells, increased CD206+ M2 macrophages, and increased Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. This study highlights the functional significance of p53 mutant LOH in bladder carcinogenesis conferring several hallmarks of cancer such as sustaining proliferative signaling and avoiding immune destruction, and provides a novel immunocompetent mouse model of urothelial carcinoma harboring p53 mutations as a novel tool for cancer immunology research.
HDC downregulation induced by chronic stress promotes ovarian cancer progression via IL-6/STAT3/S100A9 pathway
Authors: Xu Feng , Chen Zhicong , Cao Jinming , Xiao Zhijun , Yang Zhen , Yang Zhen , Duan Jingjing , Zhou Ting 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Depression is prevalent in ovarian cancer patients and contribute to the progression of the disease. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In vivo, we established a comorbidity mouse model of ovarian cancer and depression. We found that chronic stress induced depression-like behaviors and promoted inoculated ovarian tumor growth in mice. Histidine decarboxylase (HDC) level was downregulated both in tumor tissue and in plasma of model mice. Exogenous histamine (HIS) treatment significantly alleviated chronic stress-induced depression-like behaviors and inhibited ovarian tumor growth, as well as decreased serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-17A, stress hormones norepinephrine (NE) and cortisol (COR), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). Furthermore, HIS treatment regulated the immune response, particularly by increasing the percentage of CD3+ T cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T (Tc) cells, and decreasing the secretion of IL-17A. In vitro research of A2780 and ES-2 cell lines, NE and COR treatment down-regulated HDC expression and promoted cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion. HIS treatment reversed these effects. Preliminary mechanism research showed that chronic stress downregulated HDC expression and promoted ovarian cancer progression via IL-6/STAT3/S100A9 pathway. HIS may be a potential molecule for treating comorbidity of ovarian cancer and depression.
Brain imaging and machine learning reveal uncoupled functional network for contextual threat memory in long sepsis
Authors: Huerta Patricio T. , Strohl Joshua J. , Carrión Joseph 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a highly sensitive tool for studying physiology and metabolism through positron-emitting radionuclides that label molecular targets in the body with unparalleled specificity, without disturbing their biological function. Here, we introduce a small-animal technique called behavioral task–associated PET (beta-PET) consisting of two scans: the first after a mouse is familiarized with a conditioning chamber, and the second upon recall of contextual threat. Associative threat conditioning occurs between the scans. Beta-PET focuses on brain regions encoding threat memory (e.g., amygdala, prefrontal cortex) and contextual aspects (e.g., hippocampus, subiculum, entorhinal cortex). Our results show that beta-PET identifies a biologically defined functional network encoding contextual threat memory and its uncoupling in a mouse model of long sepsis. Moreover, machine learning algorithms (linear logistic regression) and ordinal trends analysis demonstrate that beta-PET robustly predicts the behavioral defense response and its breakdown during long sepsis.
2-[18F]Fluoropropionic Acid PET Imaging of Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Azcona Juan A. , Wacker Anja S. , Lee Chul-Hee , Fung Edward K. , Jeitner Thomas M. , Manzo Onorina L. , Lorenzo Annarita Di , Babich John W. , Amor-Coarasa Alejandro , Kelly James M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Treatment of pediatric cancers with doxorubicin is a common and predictable cause of cardiomyopathy. Early diagnosis of treatment-induced cardiotoxicity and intervention are major determinants for the prevention of advanced disease. The onset of cardiomyopathies is often accompanied by profound changes in lipid metabolism, including an enhanced uptake of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). Therefore, we explored the utility of 2-[18F]fluoropropionic acid ([18F]FPA), an SCFA analog, as an imaging biomarker of cardiac injury in mice exposed to doxorubicin. Procedures: Cardiotoxicity and cardiac dysfunction were induced in mice by an 8-dose regimen of doxorubicin (cumulative dose 24 mg/kg) administered over 14 days. The effects of doxorubicin exposure were assessed by measurement of heart weights, left ventricular ejection fractions, and blood cardiac troponin levels. Whole body and cardiac [18F]FPA uptakes were determined by PET and tissue gamma counting in the presence or absence of AZD3965, a pharmacological inhibitor of monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1). Radiation absorbed doses were estimated using tissue time-activity concentrations.
Results
Significantly higher cardiac [18F]FPA uptake was observed in doxorubicin-treated animals. This uptake remained constant from 30 min to 120 min post-injection. Pharmacological inhibition of MCT1-mediated transport by AZD3965 selectively decreased the uptake of [18F]FPA in tissues other than the heart. Co-administration of [18F]FPA and AZD3965 enhanced the imaging contrast of the diseased heart while reducing overall exposure to radioactivity.
Conclusions
[18F]FPA, especially when co-administered with AZD3965, is a new tool for imaging changes in fatty acid metabolism occurring in response to doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy by PET.
Intracranial Extramedullary Hematopoiesis in a Recently Recovered Monkeypox Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Stev Edward 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) is a compensatory response wherein blood cell production occurs outside the bone marrow, typically as a result of hematologic disorders that impair bone marrow function. Conditions such as myelofibrosis, thalassemia, and sickle cell disease often lead to EMH in organs like the liver and spleen, which serve as alternative sites for hematopoiesis. This case report highlights the importance of considering EMH in the differential diagnosis of intracranial lesions, exemplified by a 67-year-old woman who presented with headaches and generalized malaise. Her medical history included hypertension and mild anemia. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a cystic mass in the right inferomedial parietal lobe, which showed medial mural enhancement, edema, and mass effect, with an additional enhancing focus in the left parietal lobe. Initially suspected to be a hemangioblastoma, the resected mass was found to be a benign vascular lesion with endothelial hyperplasia, but without the characteristics of cavernous hemangioma or vascular malformation. The histopathological examination revealed foci of erythroid and myeloid precursors, and megakaryocytes, with immunohistochemical staining confirming the diagnosis of EMH. Subsequent investigations revealed no underlying hematological disorders, leading to a diagnosis of idiopathic intracranial EMH. The patient underwent intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for the remaining lesion and showed significant improvement in symptoms at three months follow-up. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges associated with intracranial lesions and highlights the necessity of considering EMH, particularly when faced with atypical imaging and histopathological features. Future research is needed to optimize therapeutic strategies and assess long-term outcomes for intracranial EMH.
Proteomic Profiling Identifies Upregulation of Aurora Kinases Causing Resistance to Taxane-type Chemotherapy in Triple Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Ning Bohan , Liu Chang , Kucukdagli Ali Cem , Zhang Jiuyi , Jing Han , Zhou Zhiqian , Zhang Yuwei , Dong Ying , Chen Yunjia , Guo Hua , Xu Jia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Nowadays, chemotherapy and immunotherapy remain the major treatment strategies for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC). Identifying biomarkers to pre-select and subclassify TNBC patients with distinct chemotherapy responses is essential. In the current study, we performed an unbiased Reverse Phase Protein Array (RPPA) on TNBC cells treated with chemotherapy compounds and found a leading significant increase of phosphor-AURKA/B/C, AURKA, AURKB, and PLK1, which fall into the mitotic kinase group. The increase of AURKA and AURKB protein was majorly due to a post-transcription level regulation, and Paclitaxel treatment induced Aurora Kinases protein phosphorylation on AURKA(T288)/AURKB(T232) sites and their protein stability. In our UAB TNBC cohort, the expression of AURKA and AURKB was significantly higher in TNBC tumors compared to normal adjacent tissues, and AURKB was found to be highly expressed in African American TNBC patients compared to European Americans. Moreover, Aurora Kinases overexpression in TNBC cells renders resistance to Paclitaxel treatment and attenuates the apoptosis effect triggered by chemotherapy treatment, suggesting Aurora Kinases could mediate the chemo-resistance in TNBC. Hence, a combination of Aurora kinase inhibitors or PROTAC degrader and taxane-type chemotherapy significantly enhanced the chemotherapy effect. In summary, we revealed that Aurora Kinases upregulation after treatment with chemotherapy could confer chemotherapy resistance to TNBC cells, and AURKB could serve as preselection markers for stratifying patients’ response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.