bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Growth performance and feed utilization of keureling (Tor tambra) fingerlings fed a formulated diet with different doses of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol)
Authors: Muchlisin Zainal A. , Arisa Ayu A. , Muhammadar Abdullah A. , Fadli Nur , Arisa Iko I. , Siti-Azizah Mohd N. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The objective of the present study was to determine the optimum dosage of vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol) in the diet of keureling, Tor tambra (Val.) fingerlings for optimal growth performance and feed utilization. Five doses of vitamin E were tested: 0 mg kg−1 feed (control); 150 mg kg−1 feed; 300 mg kg−1 feed; 450 mg kg−1 feed; 600 mg kg−1. The feed ratio was 5% body weight, which was delivered twice daily at 08:00 and 17:00 for 60 days. The results showed that higher growth performance, feeding conversion ratios, feed efficiency, protein retention, and protein digestibility were obtained at 600 mg kg−1 feed, but the value was not significantly different from the other doses. The optimal dose in terms of the hepatosomatic index and survival rate was 300 mg kg−1. Hence, it was concluded that the optimum, most economical dose of vitamin E supplement for keureling (T. tambra) was 150 mg kg−1 feed, because this value was not significantly different from the doses of 300 and 600 mg kg−1 feed.
Stoic Utopia: The Use of Friendship in Creating the Ideal Society
Authors: Weiss Robin 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe members of the Stoics’ ideal society are bound together by friendship. The structure of this harmonious society and the manner in which it is able to remain harmonious can therefore be inferred from the nature of the friendships its members maintain with one another. It can be argued that the Stoics give content to the virtues of friendship reportedly possessed by members of the ideal society, explaining in what these virtues consist, then indicating how those who possess them trend to form the kinds of relationships, i.e. friendships, of which the social fabric is ideally woven. The person who possesses these virtues (i.) refrains from harming others, and (ii.) extends goodwill to other people where it does not conflict with prior obligations. The Stoics thus describe the manner in which virtuous peoble are able to befriend, and maintain friendly relations with other people by practicing the virtues of friendship. Thus, the number of mutually beneficial relationships is multiplied as virtuous people extend friendship to as many people as are capable of returning it. As a result, the ability of virtuous people to bring about the ideal society is limited only by the unwillingness of others to return their gestures of friendship.
Modeling and Analysis of the Motivations of Fast Fashion Consumers in Relation to Innovativeness
Authors: Saricam Canan , Erdumlu Nazan 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this study, fast fashion concept is investigated in order to understand the motivations of the consumers that make them adopt these products because of their willingness for the innovativeness. The relationship between the motivational factors which were named as “Social or status image” and “Uniqueness” as expressions of individuality, “Conformity” and the willingness for “Innovativeness” is analyzed using a conceptual model. Exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used to analyze and validate the model. The data used for the study was obtained from 244 people living in Turkey. The findings showed that the motivational factors “Social or status image” and “Uniqueness” as expressions of individuality are influential on the consumers’ willingness for “Innovativeness”.
The No Blur Principle and Faroese conjugation
Authors: Enger Hans-Olav 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe paper presents the approach referred to as the ›No Blur Principle‹ (NBP), aka ›Vocabular Clarity‹. This approach can account for an otherwise unexpected case of diachronic productivity in Faroese verb conjugation, viz. the spreading of the suffix-iin the present tense 3rdsg., not associated with the largest class. Even if the NBP is meant as a synchronic restriction, the paper shows some consequences for diachrony – yielding the right ›predictions‹ (in a weak sense of the word). Given the NBP analysis of Old Norse, there is a good reason why the suffix-a,at first sight a much better candidate for productivity (as it is associated with a more type-frequent class than-i),could not spread – at least not without extensive ›reshuffling‹ of the affixes first; no such reshuffling was necessary for the spreading of-i, which was the ›class-default‹ affix anyway. The traditional account of the spreading of Faroese-i,which goes back to Rask (1811, p. 279), has it that this spreading is due to influence from the subjunctive. This is problematic, because one would not normally expect affixes to spread from the subjunctive to the indicative, and because a similar development in some few dialects of Norwegian cannot plausibly be accounted for along such lines. While the NBP account does not exclude Rask’s hypothesis, it can help us overcome these problems. The fact that the NBP helps us answer questions of productivity must count in its favour, and some other arguments in its favour are also marshalled. The Faroese development also shows that productivity for affixes and words need not behave in identical fashion; thus supporting a theoretical distinction.Thanks to audiences in Oslo (ICHL 21, August 2013), Zürich (Doktorierendenkolloquium Linguistik, October 2013), Copenhagen (Dano-Norwegian seminar on historical linguistics, January 2014), Tromsø (NORKOG, June 2014), Bergen (Forskergruppe nordisk språkvitenskap, September 2014), and Berlin (Freie Universität, December 2014), in particular to Tore Nesset, Helge Sandøy and Horst Simon. Very helpful comments on written versions have been given by Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, Oda Røste Odden, Arne Torp and two anonymous PBB referees. Thanks for saving me from a number of embarrassing mistakes. Remaining weaknesses are my own.
Aspekte der Figurenkonstitution in mittelhochdeutscher Heldenepik
Authors: Lienert Elisabeth 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The constitution of characters in Middle High German heroic epics is transtextual and transpersonal, yet specific to certain texts or characters. Characters can be formed by an aggregation of the recipients’ knowledge on narrative tradition or by a reduction to stereotypes. The anthropological ›rules‹ of heroic epics – collective feudal norms, transpersonal coding of emotions, the principles of heroism – are of only limited validity. Interpolations by recipients regarding the motivation of characters can be manipulated or rejected by the texts. Heterogeneity, traditionality, partially even alterity of the characters are exhibited; consistency is not necessarily intended.
Sequential and Parallel Algorithms for the State Space Exploration
Authors: Allal Lamia , Belalem Ghalem , Dhaussy Philippe , Teodorov Ciprian 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
In this article, we are interested in the exploration part of model checking which consists in traversing all the possible states of a system. We propose two approaches to exploration, parallel and sequential. We present a comparison between our parallel approach and the parallel algorithm proposed in SPIN.
Comprehensive Performance Evaluation Strategy for Communication Networks Selection in Smart Grid
Authors: Xiang Min , Huang Haolin , He Chuan , Li Rui , Zeng Lingkang 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Different communication networks are used in the different application environment of the smart grid. So, how to effectively select the communication networks with the optimal comprehensive performance is an important issue for the power management corporations. A novel comprehensive performance evaluation based on Exponential Scale Analytic Hierarchy Process (ESAHP) and Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process (GAHP) for the communication networks selection is proposed in the electricity information acquisition system. The ESAHP is used to calculate the weight of each communication performance index and the economic performance index, and the GAHP is adopted to evaluate the economic cost of the different communication modes. The optimal comprehensive communication model can be selected by comprehensively comparing the communication performance and the economic cost. The test results show that the assessment model can effectively evaluate the comprehensive performance of the different communication networks selection in the electricity information acquisition system of the smart grid.
Simple Clustering for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Rathna R. 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Traditional Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are designed for connecting pure electronic or mechanical sensors through wireless communication. Nowadays, WSNs are combined with other technologies like big data and cloud for data management. While combining the sensors (low level devices) with a high end network like Internet, data communication should be taken care of in the gateway between these two networks. With this type of WSNs, if all the sensors are in direct communication with the high end network, then a lot of energy will be consumed, requiring complex protocols for making this communication possible. So, to reduce the energy wastage, the clustering concept is used in WSN. Although so many complex and innovative clustering techniques are available for WSN, this paper describes a very simple clustering technique for environmental monitoring WSN with proven results.
A Report on Multilinear PCA Plus GTDA to Deal With Face Image
Authors: Zhang Fan , Wang Xiaoping , Sun Ke 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Because face images are naturally two-dimensional data, there have been several 2D feature extraction methods to deal with facial images while there are few 2D effective classifiers. Meanwhile, there is an increasing interest in the multilinear subspace analysis and many methods have been proposed to operate directly on these tensorial data during the past several years. One of these popular unsupervised multilinear algorithms is Multilinear Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) while another of the supervised multilinear algorithm is Multilinear Discriminant Analysis (MDA). Then a MPCA+MDA method has been introduced to deal with the tensorial signal. However, due to the no convergence of MDA, it is difficult for MPCA+MDA to obtain a precise result. Hence, to overcome this limitation, a new MPCA plus General Tensor Discriminant Analysis (GTDA) solution with well convergence is presented for tensorial face images feature extraction in this paper. Several experiments are carried out to evaluate the performance of MPCA+GTDA on different databases and the results show that this method has the potential to achieve comparative effect as MPCA+MDA.
Free light chains and heavy/light chains in monitoring POEMS patients
Authors: Altinier Sara , Proko Kozeta , Zaninotto Martina , Ciubotaru Daniela , Seguso Mara , Varagnolo Mariacristina , Lessi Federica , Briani Chiara , Adami Fausto , Plebani Mario 
Published: April 2016

AbstractPOEMS syndrome is defined by Polyneuropathy, Organomegaly, Endocrinopathy, Monoclonal gammopathy and Skin changes. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) appears to play a key role in the pathogenesis of the syndrome, and its concentrations are deemed to correlate to disease activity. The aim of the present study was to verify whether other biochemical markers including serum free light chains (FLC) and heavy/light chains (HLC) would be of value in monitoring POEMS patients.Fifty-three serum samples were collected from seven POEMS patients at diagnosis and during a follow-up period (range 14–56 months). VEGF was measured using an ELISA method, while FLC and HLC concentrations were measured using Binding Site reagents on a BNII (Siemens) nephelometer.At diagnosis all patients presented high VEGF concentrations, while the κ/λFLC ratio (FLCr) was within the reference range. Four patients had abnormal HLC, HLCκ/HLCλ (HLCr) and FLC values. The relationship between the trend of VEGF and both HLC and FLC during the follow-up was analysed by means of Cohen’s κ coefficient. VEGF and HLC values displayed a significant κ-Cohen (0.537, p=0.002) in all chemotherapy-responder patients while in non-responders it did not. Conversely, in both responders and non-responders, VEGF and FLC values did not attain a significance on κ-Cohen analysis. In three out of four responders HLCr values increased, thus reflecting an improved clinical condition.The findings made in the present study indicate that HLC, either as intact immunoglobulin or as HLCr, may provide useful information, particularly in identifying responders and confirm that the role of FLC is unreliable in monitoring patients with POEMS syndrome.
The Effects of Recasts and Working Memory on the Development of Implicit and Explicit Knowledge
Authors: Ahn Jieun , Kim Youngkyu 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis paper aims to investigate the effects of recasts and working memory on the acquisition of Korean morphological causatives by advanced Chinese learners of Korean. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: A experimental group and a control group. The experimental group received intensive recasts during task-based interaction, whereas the control group did not. The effects of recasts were measured by two types of tests: An elicited imitation test, as a measure of implicit knowledge, and an untimed grammaticality judgment test, as a measure of explicit knowledge. The findings are as follows. First, from the pretest to the delayed posttest, recasts facilitated the learners’ acquisition of causative construction by developing both their implicit and explicit knowledge. Second, the results of delayed posttests showed that recasts were more effective in aiding the development of implicit knowledge than explicit knowledge. Third, working memory was found to be a significant covariate in the facilitative effects of recasts on explicit knowledge; that is, it mediated the development of explicit knowledge via recasts as a significant individual difference factor. The effects of recasts were maintained even when the impact of working memory was controlled. (189 words)
Study on Chinese College EFL Learners' Comprehension and Production of English Relative Clauses: Testing Three Hypotheses
Authors: Tiehua Song 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis study considers both comprehension and production of the English restrictive relative clauses (RC) by EFL learners in Chinese context. Different tests were employed respectively in data collection, namely a sentence combination test and a grammaticality judgment test, aiming to test the hypotheses about the acquisition of English relative clauses. The participants were 30 first-year College students randomly selected in a university of Shanxi province. The results showed that Chinese EFL learners do not follow the Orders of RC acquisition predicted by any of the three hypotheses, Parallel Function Hypothesis (PFH), Perceptual Difficulty Hypothesis (PDH), and Noun Phrase Accessibility Hierarchy Hypothesis (NPAHH). They also showed that the participants performed better in the sentence combination test than in the grammaticality judgment test, and in both tests the easiest type of RC is O-DO, and the most difficult ones are O-OPREP and S-IO.
Processing Relative Clauses in Chinese: Evidence from Event-Related Potentials
Authors: Xiaoxia Sun , Hancock Roeland , Bever Thomas G. , Xiaoguang Cheng , Schmidt Lüder , Seifert Uwe 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Interpretation of Chinese relative clauses has become of significant interest in sentence processing research, since some studies found that Chinese comprehension patterns violate the well-known universal subject relatives preference proposed by NAPH theory and proved by cross-linguistic studies. The current study uses the neuropsychological measure of ERP. It supports such a language-specific phenomenon, with the results showing that both subject-and object-modifying subject relatives eliciting larger ERP components than object relatives. The results suggest that object relatives are easier to process than subject relatives at both modifying positions, challenging the claim of universal subject preference for all languages. In addition, this study casts doubts on CWO and working memory-based DLT models despite results being compatible with them, and concludes that none of the current models are comprehensive enough to account for the data. Finally, this study offers a piece of evidence for the garden path effect caused by the surface NVN word order in the Chinese relative clause. All in all, this study adds to the evidence that processing preference is not universal. It contributes to a comprehensive model of how complex structures are processed.
Studying the Effect of Different Drying Bed on Drying Characteristic of Mint Leaves
Authors: Motevali Ali , Chayjan Reza Amiri , Salari Kamran , Taghizadeh Ahmad 
Published: April 2016

AbstractMint leaves are aromatic, almost exclusively perennial, rarely annual, herbs. Drying of mint leaves guarantees a longer shelf time while preserving its quality for use in pharmaceutical and food industries. In this study, the drying behavior of Mint leaves in a fluidized bed dryer (FBD) under different drying conditions (fixed, semi-fluidized and fluidized) and 4 temperature levels (30, 40, 50 and 60 °C) was investigated. The experimental data was assessed using semi-theoretical and experimental models. Finally, Page’s model was selected as the best model based on its R2,χ2and RMSE values. Findings showed that the effective moisture diffusivity of Mint leaves ranged between 0.91 × 10–11and 10.41 × 10–11 m2/s. The activation energy was also between 60.82 and 65.59 kJ/mol. The results of statistical analyses also showed that drying time was significantly reduced with increasing air velocity (changing drying bed from fix bed to fluid bed).
Inspection Regulation between General Procedural Codification and Field Specifics – a Case Study of Slovenia
Authors: Kovač Polonca 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Inspection, as the authoritative supervision of private liable persons to comply their activities with sector-specific laws, should ensure the full implementation of public policies. Slovenia adopted the Inspection Act (IA) in 2002, in order to conduct efficient inspection, and simultaneously guarantee the defence rights of the supervised parties pursuant to the fundamental principles of the EU, the national Constitution, and general Administrative Procedure Act. This article addresses the search for a balance between general codification and sector-related specifics as stipulated by the IA, applying normative, constitutional case law and comparative methods. Special attention is dedicated to the IA rules regarding participants, their legal protection and stages of respective proceedings. It has been concluded that the most of the IA specifics are justified in order to efficiently serve the public interest. This study reveals that the Slovene IA can represent a role model for efficient yet democratic supervision in other MS as well.
European Constitutionalism as the Metatheory of the Construction of Legal and Political Reality and the Challenges for its Development*
Authors: Bieliauskaitė Jolanta , Šlapkauskas Vytautas 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The latter European crisis reveals the fact that traditional agreements between governments of the Member States and supranational political and legal institutions of the European Union are not sufficient for the maintenance of European Union stability and integrity. Therefore, the political and legal sustainability of the European Union requires a certain metatheory as a methodology, which could essentially contribute to the coherent construction, interpretation and assessment of theoretical and practical issues of the European Union’s legal and political reality. This paper aims to explore two main questions: What is constitutionalism as a legal-political metatheory? What challenges are faced by this theory while addressing the specific EU legal-political reality construction problems?
The results of the research reveal that constitutionalism as a metatheory is constituted by principles and values, which provide ideological support for the development of the nation, and performs a methodological function in the construction of legal and political reality. However, the EU’s political elite still seeks to legitimize constitutionalism as a political action theory, which, accordingly, legitimizes the respective legal policies it pursues. This process dangerously increases the gap between the EU’s political elite and the societies of its Member States.
Sorption dynamics of Direct Orange 26 dye onto a corncob plant sorbent
Authors: Tomczak Elwira , Blus Martyna 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The azo dye and plant-derived sorbent system was investigated in this paper. Direct Orange 26 azo dye was acquired from Boruta-Zachem Kolor Sp. z o.o. Chemically modified granulated corncobs obtained from Chipsi Mais Germany were used as the biosorbent. The changes in the dye and sorbent concentrations with time were measured and used for further calculations. The experiments were carried out in a laboratory fixed bed column. Breakthrough curves were plotted for different initial concentrations, volumetric flow rates and bed heights. Sorption dynamics was described by a model presented in the literature. It was demonstrated that Infrared analysis of the system allows to determine the nature of the dye-sorbent bond. It was found that corncobs can be used as a promising sorbent material.
Approaching Multifunctionality by a ‘Normative View’: Finnish Farmers’ Visions on Contemporary Agriculture
Authors: Rizzo Fulvio 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Productivity alone is not the most important defining character of contemporary agriculture. On the grounds of the dominant models of market liberalization and multifunctionality, farmers have been urged to take new roles beyond food production. By deploying a ’normative’ view of multifunctionality, based on the acknowledgment of spatial heterogeneity, and on an actor-oriented explanation of agricultural change, this paper investigates Finnish farmers’ visions on the redefined and redifining role of contemporary agriculture. From a review and anaylsis of sixteen qualitative semi-structured interviews, it emerges that such visions — through their components of identity, opponent, and project — are constructed upon three factors which are linked to each other to a various extent: 1) farming contingent conditions (as location, climate, terrain); 2) externalities (including international policy environment, and market liberalization); 3) farmers’ personal views on profitability and risk. In a policy context dominated by uncertainty, decision-making has shifted mainly from the national to the international level, and the collected data supports the dominance of productivist actions and thoughts. On one hand, farmers still tend to prioritize the continuity of production, which contribute both to resistance identity, and to the identification of a variety of opponents. Yet on the other hand, farmers are, to an embryonic stage, upgrading themselves to meet the challenges faced by contemporary agriculture.