bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using insurance claims data to identify and estimate critical periods in pregnancy: An application to antidepressants
Authors: Ailes Elizabeth C. , Simeone Regina M. , Dawson April L. , Petersen Emily E. , Gilboa Suzanne M. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundHealth insurance claims are a rich data source to examine medication use in pregnancy. Our objective was to identify pregnant women, their pregnancy outcomes, and date of their last menstrual period (LMP), and to estimate antidepressant dispensations in pregnancy.MethodsFrom a literature search, we identified diagnosis and procedure codes indicating the end of a pregnancy. Using Truven Health MarketScan® Commercial Claims and Encounters Databases, we identified all inpatient admissions and outpatient service claims with these codes. We developed an algorithm to assign: (1) pregnancy outcome (ectopic pregnancy, induced or spontaneous abortion, live birth, or stillbirth), and (2) estimated gestational age, to each inpatient or outpatient visit. For each pregnancy outcome, we estimated the LMP as the admission (for inpatient visits) or service (for outpatient visits) date minus the gestational age. To differentiate visits associated with separate pregnancies, we required ≥ 2 months between one pregnancy outcomes and the LMP of the next pregnancy. We used this algorithm to identify pregnancies in 2013 and to estimate the proportion of women who filled a prescription for an antidepressant from an outpatient pharmacy at various time points in pregnancy.ResultsWe identified 488,887 pregnancies in 2013; 79% resulted in a live birth. A prescription for an antidepressant was filled in 6.2% of pregnancies. Dispensations varied throughout pregnancy and were lowest (3.1%) during the second trimester.ConclusionThis work will inform future efforts to estimate medication dispensations during critical periods of preconception, interconception, and pregnancy using health insurance claims data. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:927–934, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Surveillance of ventricular septal defects in Delaware
Authors: Acheson Amy , Vaidy Anika , Stomieroski Kathleen , Thompson Dana R. , Maiden Kristin M. , Ehrenthal Deborah B. , Yezdani Samir , Bhat Abdul Majeed , Locke Robert , Bartoshesky Louis E. 
Published: November 2016

BackgroundThe prevalence of ventricular septal defects (VSDs), a birth defect in which there is an opening in the wall that separates the left and right ventricles of the heart, seemed to be substantially higher in Delaware compared with the National Birth Defects Prevention Network (NBDPN). The Delaware Birth Defects Registry (BDR) noted their high prevalence of VSDs in comparison with other states.MethodsA subset of children with a VSD born in 2007 through 2010 was identified from the complete reportable statewide defect list that the BDR creates each year. VSDs were categorized by type of VSD (muscular, perimembranous, conotruncal, or atrioventricular septal defect), by either isolated or complex, and then by spontaneously closed, surgically closed, open but clinically insignificant, lost to follow‐up, fetal or neonatal death.ResultsThe BDR team found a prevalence of VSD of 83.4 per 10,000 including fetal/neonatal deaths. Excluding fetal and neonatal deaths the prevalence was 78.7 per 10,000 live births. Excluding small muscular VSDs, the prevalence in Delaware falls to 25.7 per 10,000.ConclusionThe BDR team chose to include all babies with all types of VSDs. Using these criteria Delaware's prevalence of 78.7 was higher than that reported by other states (whose prevalence ranges from 1.6 to 70.0 per 10,000 live births) (National Birth Defects Prevention Network, ). Delaware's prevalence is similar to other states when small muscular VSDs are excluded. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:888–893, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Silver nanoclusters stabilized with denatured fish sperm DNA and the application on trace mercury ions detection
Authors: Kuang Yangfang , Liang Sheng , Ma Fangfang , Chen Shu , Long Yunfei , Zeng Rongjin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this study, fluorescent silver nanoclusters (Ag NCs) were synthesized using denatured fish sperm DNA as the template. In contrast to other methods, this method did not use artificial DNA as the template. After their reaction with denatured fish sperm DNA, Ag+ ions were reduced by NaBH4 to form Ag NCs. The Ag NCs showed a strong fluorescence emission at 650 nm when excited at 585 nm. The fluorescence intensity increased fourfold at pH 3.78, controlled with Britton–Robinson buffer solution. The fluorescence of the Ag NCs was quenched in the presence of trace mercury ions (Hg2+) in a weakly acidic medium and nitrogen atmosphere. The extent of the fluorescence quenching of Ag NCs strongly depends on the Hg2+ ion concentration over a linear range from 2.0 nmol L−1 to 3.0 μmol L−1. The detection limit (3σ/k) for Hg2+ was 0.7 nmol L−1. Thus, a sensitive and rapid method was developed for the detection of Hg2+ ions.
Does radiotherapy still have a role in unresected biliary tract cancer?
Authors: Pollom Erqi L. , Alagappan Muthuraman , Park Lesley S. , Whittemore Alice S. , Koong Albert C. , Chang Daniel T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe benefits of radiotherapy for inoperable biliary tract cancer remain unclear due to the lack of randomized data. We evaluated the impact of radiotherapy on survival in elderly patients using the SEER‐Medicare database. Patients in the SEER‐Medicare database with inoperable biliary tract tumors diagnosed between 1998 and 2011 were included. We used multivariate logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with treatment selection, and multivariate Cox regression and propensity score matching to evaluate treatment selection in relation to subsequent survival. Of the 2343 patients included, 451 (19%) received radiotherapy within 4 months of diagnosis. The use of radiotherapy declined over time, and was influenced by receipt of chemotherapy and patient age, race, marital status, poverty status, and tumor stage and type. Median survival was 9.3 (95% CI 8.7–9.7) months among patients who did not receive radiation and 10.0 (95% CI 9.1–11.3) months among those who received radiation, conditional on having survived 4 months. In patients who received chemotherapy (n = 1053), receipt of radiation was associated with improved survival, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.82 (95% 0.70–0.97, P = 0.02). In patients who did not receive chemotherapy (n = 1290), receipt of radiation was not associated with improved survival, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.09 (95% 0.91–1.30, P = 0.34). Propensity‐scored matched analyses showed similar results. Despite the survival benefit associated with the addition of radiotherapy to chemotherapy, the use of radiation for unresectable biliary tract cancers has declined over time.
Prognostic significance of equivocal human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 results and clinical utility of alternative chromosome 17 genes in patients with invasive breast cancer: A cohort study
Authors: Sneige Nour , Hess Kenneth R. , Multani Asha S. , Gong Yun , Ibrahim Nuhad K. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUNDThe 2013 testing guidelines for determining the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status include new cutoff points for the HER2/chromosome enumeration probe 17 (CEP17) ratio and the average HER2 copy number per cell, and they recommend using a reflex test with alternative chromosome 17 probes (Ch17Ps) to resolve equivocal HER2 results. This study sought to determine the clinical utility of alternative Ch17Ps in equivocal cases and the effects of equivocal results and/or a change in the HER2 status on patients' outcomes.METHODSThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center database of HER2 dual‐probe fluorescence in situ hybridization results from 2000 to 2010 was searched for cases of invasive breast cancer with HER2/CEP17 ratios < 2 and average HER2 copy numbers < 6 per cell. Cases with HER2 copy numbers of 4 to < 6 (the definition of equivocal HER2 results) were analyzed with alternative Ch17Ps for Smith‐Magenis syndrome and retinoic acid receptor α genes. Disease‐free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated with respect to the HER2 copy number with multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.RESULTSAmong the 3630 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, 137 (4%) had equivocal HER2 results. With alternative Ch17Ps, 35 of 57 equivocal HER2 cases (61%) were upgraded to a positive HER2 status, and 22 cases (39%) remained unchanged. The 5‐year DFS and OS adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for copy numbers of 4 to < 6 versus < 4 were 0.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3‐1.2) and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.2‐1.0) with P values of .16 and .66, respectively. In comparison with HER2‐negative cases, these CIs indicated that equivocal HER2 results were associated with either a protective effect (HR, < 0.5) or no effect (HR, 1.0).CONCLUSIONSThese findings rule out a significant deleterious effect of equivocal HER2 results. Alternative Ch17Ps may erroneously upgrade the HER2 status; therefore, they cannot be considered reliable in clinical practice. Cancer 2017;123:1115–1123. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Young Investigator Challenge: Molecular testing in noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features
Authors: Jiang Xiaoyin “Sara” , Harrison Grant P. , Datto Michael B. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUNDMolecular testing provides an important ancillary study for thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology. The nomenclature shift to “noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary‐like nuclear features” (NIFTP) will impact the performance of molecular tests. For the current study, the authors reviewed the performance of the Afirma gene‐expression classifier (GEC) and the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) targeted mutation panel tests in thyroid nodules that were subsequently diagnosed as NIFTP on surgical resection.METHODSIn total, 302 nodules were sent for molecular testing between June 2012 and June 2016. These cases were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients who underwent subsequent surgical resection and were diagnosed with follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC). Twenty‐five nodules that were diagnosed as FVPTC met the initial inclusion criteria. These cases were reviewed using strict criteria to identify NIFTP.RESULTSEight cases met criteria for NIFTP, and 4 NIFTPs underwent Afirma testing. Cytology diagnoses were all Bethesda category III, with 3 diagnosed as atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) and 1 diagnosed as follicular lesion of undetermined significance (FLUS). All of these nodules were identified as “suspicious” using GEC. Four NIFTPs underwent testing at UPMC, all using ThyroSeq V2. The cytology diagnoses for these nodules also were category III, with the exception of 1 nodule that was category IV, suspicious for follicular neoplasm. All NIFTPs were positive for mutations, all of which were RAS mutations (NRAS, KRAS). One patient who had a nodule classified as NIFTP had metastatic carcinoma identified in a lymph node. Another who had a 6‐cm tumor had coexisting NRAS and TERT mutations.CONCLUSIONSThe current results indicate that NIFTP is a rare tumor if defined by strict criteria, that both the GEC and UPMC methods indicate abnormalities in NIFTP, and further independent study will be needed to better characterize the molecular and clinical characteristics of NIFTP. Cancer Cytopathol 2016;124:893–900. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Attack modeling and intrusion detection system for 5G wireless communication network
Authors: Gupta Akhil , Jha Rakesh Kumar , Jain Sanjeev 
Published: November 2016

SummaryResearch has been going around the globe to overcome the challenges that are associated with the increase in the number of users, such as interference management, load sharing, and increased capacity. 5G is emerging as a budding prospect for fulfilling demand and overcoming these challenges. For meeting the increased demands, new technologies such as relays in device‐to‐device communication and small cell access points have been introduced. However, these introductions have opened up security issues in the 5G wireless communication networks. This article focuses on security issues of the 5G wireless communication networks and analyzes the effect of a bandwidth spoofing attack using game theory on the small cell access point in 5G wireless communication network. This article also proposes an adaptive intrusion detection system using a hidden Markov Model for detecting an intrusion on small cell access point in a 5G wireless communication networks.
Impact of temperature shifts on the joint evolution of seed dormancy and size
Authors: Liu Yang , Barot Sébastien , El‐Kassaby Yousry A. , Loeuille Nicolas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractSeed dormancy and size are two important life‐history traits that interplay as adaptation to varying environmental settings. As evolution of both traits involves correlated selective pressures, it is of interest to comparatively investigate the evolution of the two traits jointly as well as independently. We explore evolutionary trajectories of seed dormancy and size using adaptive dynamics in scenarios of deterministic or stochastic temperature variations. Ecological dynamics usually result in unbalanced population structures, and temperature shifts or fluctuations of high magnitude give rise to more balanced ecological structures. When only seed dormancy evolves, it is counter‐selected and temperature shifts hasten this evolution. Evolution of seed size results in the fixation of a given strategy and evolved seed size decreases when seed dormancy is lowered. When coevolution is allowed, evolutionary variations are reduced while the speed of evolution becomes faster given temperature shifts. Such coevolution scenarios systematically result in reduced seed dormancy and size and similar unbalanced population structures. We discuss how this may be linked to the system stability. Dormancy is counter‐selected because population dynamics lead to stable equilibrium, while small seeds are selected as the outcome of size‐number trade‐offs. Our results suggest that unlike random temperature variation between generations, temperature shifts with high magnitude can considerably alter population structures and accelerate life‐history evolution. This study increases our understanding of plant evolution and persistence in the context of climate changes.
Effects of quercetin or rutin on the oxidative stability of stripped or non‐stripped soybean oils containing α‐tocopherol
Authors: Lee Chan Kyu , Gim Seo Yeong , Kim Mi‐Ja , Lee Jae Hwan 
Published: November 2016

This study investigated the effects of stripping treatment and the presence of α‐tocopherol on oxidative stability of stripped or non‐stripped soybean oils containing quercetin or rutin (0.4 mM) stored at 25°C for 45 days. The degree of oxidation of oils was determined by analyzing headspace oxygen content, conjugated dienoic acid, and p‐anisidine values. The contents of remaining α‐tocopherol and the moisture content in soybean oils were also determined. Added quercetin or rutin acted as an antioxidant in stripped soybean oils and as a prooxidant in non‐stripped soybean oils. The presence of 0.05 and 0.1 mM α‐tocopherol accelerated the rates of lipid oxidation in non‐stripped oils containing quercetin or rutin. Moisture content in non‐stripped oils with rutin was significantly higher than that in other samples, and increased with the concentration of α‐tocopherol (p < 0.05). In addition, quercetin and rutin helped increase the moisture content in stripped oils, but not in non‐stripped oils. Quercetin and rutin accelerated the decomposition of α‐tocopherol in both stripped and non‐stripped oils. The oxidative stability of oils containing tocopherols and phenolic compounds depended on the stripping process.Practical application: Phenolic compounds are natural antioxidants and are frequently found in edible oils. The presence of quercetin and rutin, which are aglycone and its glycoside phenolic compound, respectively, altered the oxidative stability of oils depending on the stripping process. The moisture content in oils could play an important role in the oxidative stability of bulk oils. For industrial applications, phenolic compounds should be added with care because they could lower the oxidative stability of non‐stripped oils.Added quercetin or rutin acted as an antioxidant in stripped soybean oils and as a prooxidant in non‐stripped soybean oils. Quercetin and rutin increased the moisture content in stripped oils, but not in non‐stripped oils. Quercetin and rutin accelerated the decomposition of α‐tocopherol in both stripped and non‐stripped oils. The oxidative stability of oils containing tocopherols and phenolic compounds depended on the stripping process.
An investigation into the inhibitory function of serotonin in diffuse noxious inhibitory controls in the neuropathic rat
Authors: Bannister K. , Lockwood S. , Goncalves L. , Patel R. , Dickenson A.H. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundFollowing neuropathy α2‐adrenoceptor‐mediated diffuse noxious inhibitory controls (DNIC), whereby a noxious conditioning stimulus inhibits the activity of spinal wide dynamic range (WDR) neurons, are abolished, and spinal 5‐HT7 receptor densities are increased. Here, we manipulate spinal 5‐HT content in spinal nerve ligated (SNL) animals and investigate which 5‐HT receptor mediated actions predominate.MethodsUsing in vivo electrophysiology we recorded WDR neuronal responses to von frey filaments applied to the hind paw before, and concurrent to, a noxious ear pinch (the conditioning stimulus) in isoflurane‐anaesthetised rats. The expression of DNIC was quantified as a reduction in WDR neuronal firing in the presence of conditioning stimulus and was investigated in SNL rats following spinal application of (1) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) citalopram or fluoxetine, or dual application of (2) SSRI plus 5‐HT7 receptor antagonist SB269970, or (3) SSRI plus α2 adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole.ResultsDNIC were revealed in SNL animals following spinal application of SSRI, but this effect was abolished upon joint application of SSRI plus SB269970 or atipamezole.ConclusionsWe propose that in SNL animals the inhibitory actions (quantified as the presence of DNIC) of excess spinal 5‐HT (presumed present following application of SSRI) were mediated via 5‐HT7 receptors. The anti‐nociception depends upon an underlying tonic noradrenergic inhibitory tone via the α2‐adrenoceptor.SignificanceFollowing neuropathy enhanced spinal serotonin availability switches the predominant spinal 5‐HT receptor‐mediated actions but also alters noradrenergic signalling. We highlight the therapeutic complexity of SSRIs and monoamine modulators for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Spinal cord stimulation in experimental chronic painful diabetic polyneuropathy: Delayed effect of High‐frequency stimulation
Authors: van Beek M. , van Kleef M. , Linderoth B. , van Kuijk S.M.J. , Honig W.M. , Joosten E.A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundSpinal cord stimulation (SCS) has been shown to provide pain relief in painful diabetic polyneuropathy (PDPN). As the vasculature system plays a great role in the pathophysiology of PDPN, a potential beneficial side‐effect of SCS is peripheral vasodilation, with high frequency (HF) SCS in particular. We hypothesize that HF‐SCS (500 Hz), compared with conventional (CON) or low frequency (LF)‐SCS will result in increased alleviation of mechanical hypersensitivity in chronic experimental PDPN.MethodsDiabetes was induced in 8‐week‐old female Sprague–Dawley rats with an intraperitoneal injection of 65 mg/kg of streptozotocin (n = 44). Rats with a significant decrease in mechanical withdrawal response to von Frey filaments over a period of 20 weeks were implanted with SCS electrodes (n = 18). Rats were assigned to a cross‐over design with a random order of LF‐, CON‐, HF‐ and sham SCS and mechanical withdrawal thresholds were assessed with von Frey testing.ResultsCompared with sham treatment, the average 50% WT score for 5 Hz was 4.88 g higher during stimulation (p = 0.156), and 1.77 g higher post‐stimulation (p = 0.008). CON‐SCS resulted in 50% WT scores 5.7 g, and 2.51 g higher during (p = 0.064) and after stimulation (p < 0.004), respectively. HF‐SCS started out with an average difference in 50% WT score compared with sham of 1.87 g during stimulation (p = 0.279), and subsequently the steepest rise to a difference of 5.47 g post‐stimulation (p < 0.001).ConclusionsWe demonstrated a delayed effect of HF‐SCS on mechanical hypersensitivity in chronic PDPN animals compared with LF‐, or CON‐SCS.SignificanceThis study evaluates the effect of SCS frequency (5–500 Hz) on mechanical hypersensitivity in the chronic phase of experimental PDPN. High frequency (500 Hz) – SCS resulted in a delayed effect‐ on pain‐related behavioural outcome in chronic PDPN.
Fabrication and Performance of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells with La0.2Sr0.7TiO3–δ as Anode Support and La2NiO4+δ as Cathode
Authors: Li S. , Tu H. , Yu L. , Anwar M. T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA novel fabrication process for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) with La0.2Sr0.7TiO3–δ (LSTA–) as anode support and La2NiO4+δ (LNO) as cathode material, which avoids complicated impregnation process, is designed and investigated. The LSTA– anode‐supported half cells are reduced at 1,200 °C in hydrogen atmosphere. Subsequently, the LNO cathode is sintered on the YSZ electrolyte at 1,200 °C in nitrogen atmosphere and then annealed in situ at 850 °C in air. The results of XRD analysis and electrical conductivity measurement indicate that the structure and electrochemical characteristics of LNO appear similar before and after the sintering processes of the cathode. By using La0.6Sr0.4CoO3–δ (LSC) as current collector, the cell with LNO cathode sintered in nitrogen atmosphere exhibits the power density at 0.7 V of 235 mW cm−2 at 800 °C. The ohmic resistance (RS) and polarization resistance (RP) are 0.373 and 0.452 Ω cm2, respectively. Compared to that of the cell with the LNO cathode sintered in air, the sintering processes of the cell with the LNO cathode sintered in nitrogen atmosphere can result in better electrochemical performance of the cell mainly due to the decrease in RS. The microstructures of the cells reveal a good adhesion between each layer.
Equilibrium solubility measurement and Kent‐Eisenberg modeling of CO2 absorption in aqueous mixture of N‐methyldiethanolamine and hexamethylenediamine
Authors: Mondal Bikash K. , Bandyopadhyay Syamalendu S. , Samanta Amar N. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractVapor‐liquid equilibrium of CO2 in aqueous mixture of hexamethylenediamine (HMDA) and N‐methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) has been investigated using a stirred equilibrium cell set‐up in the temperature and pressure range of 303–333K and 1–100kPa, respectively. Composition of the mixed amine solvents used are (5mass% HMDA+25mass% MDEA), (10 mass% HMDA+20 mass% MDEA), (15mass% HMDA+15mass% MDEA), and (20 mass% HMDA+10 mass% MDEA). Equilibrium solubility data is fitted using the Kent‐Eisenberg thermodynamic model. To fit experimental solubility data with model predicted data, bicarbamate formation and zwitterion deprotonation reaction equilibrium constants of HMDA are regressed as a function of CO2 loading and temperature. Average absolute deviation between experimental and model predicted data is found to be 7.16%. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.