bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serotonin-1A receptor C-1019G polymorphism affects brain functional networks
Authors: Zheng Haixia , Onoda Keiichi , Wada Yasuko , Mitaki Shingo , Nabika Toru , Yamaguchi Shuhei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) receptor is strongly implicated in major depression and other affective disorders due to its negative regulation of serotonin neurone firing rates. Behavioural and clinical studies have repeatedly reported that the −1019G allele carries a high susceptibility for affective disorders. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains unknown. Here, we employed a genetic neuroimaging strategy in 99 healthy human subjects to explore the effect of serotonin-1A receptor polymorphism on brain resting-state functional connectivity (FC). We used functional magnetic resonance imaging, along with a seed-based approach, to identify three main brain networks: the default mode network (DMN), the salience network (SN) and the central executive network. We observed a significant decrease in the FC of the DMN within the dorsolateral and ventromedial prefrontal cortices in G-carriers. Furthermore, compared with the C-homozygote group, we observed decreased FC of the SN within the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex in the G-carrier group. Our results indicate that 5-HT1A receptor genetic polymorphism modulates the activity of resting-state FC within brain networks including the DMN and SN. These genotype-related alterations in brain networks and FC may provide novel insights into the neural mechanism underlying the predisposition for affective disorders in G allele carriers.
Microstructural network alterations of olfactory dysfunction in newly diagnosed Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Wen Ming-Ching , Xu Zheyu , Lu Zhonghao , Chan Ling Ling , Tan Eng King , Tan Louis C. S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOlfactory dysfunction is a robust and early sign for Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous studies have revealed its association with dementia and related neural changes in PD. Yet, how olfactory dysfunction affects white matter (WM) microstructure in newly diagnosed and untreated PD remains unclear. Here we comprehensively examined WM features using unbiased whole-brain analyses. 88 newly diagnosed PD patients without dementia (70 with hyposmia and 18 without hyposmia) and 33 healthy controls underwent clinical assessment and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scanning. Tract-based special statistics (TBSS), graph-theoretic methods and network-based statistics (NBS) were used to compare regional and network-related WM features between groups. TBSS analysis did not show any differences in fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity between groups. Compared with controls, PD patients without hyposmia showed a significant decrease in global efficiency, whilst PD patients with hyposmia exhibited significantly reduced global and local efficiency and additionally a disrupted connection between the right medial orbitofrontal cortex and left rectus and had poorer frontal-related cognitive functioning. These results demonstrate that hyposmia-related WM changes in early PD only occur at the network level. The confined disconnectivity between the bilateral olfactory circuitry may serve as a biomarker for olfactory dysfunction in early PD.
Development of African swine fever epidemic among wild boar in Estonia - two different areas in the epidemiological focus
Authors: Nurmoja Imbi , Schulz Katja , Staubach Christoph , Sauter-Louis Carola , Depner Klaus , Conraths Franz J. , Viltrop Arvo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAfrican swine fever (ASF) in wild boar emerged in Estonia for the first time in September 2014. The first affected region was located in the South of Estonia close to the border with Latvia. It was considered to be epidemiologically connected to the outbreaks in the North of Latvia. About two weeks later, cases were detected in the North of Estonia, close to the Russian border. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the epidemiological courses of the disease in the South and in the North of Estonia. Potential associations between risk factors and the laboratory test results for ASF were examined. A hierarchical Bayesian space–time model was used to analyze the temporal trend of the ASF seroprevalence in the two areas. Young wild boar were statistically significant more likely to be ASF-positive by both, serology and virus detection, than older animals. A statistically significant difference between the two areas in the temporal course of the seroprevalence was found. While the seroprevalence clearly increased in the South, it remained relatively constant in the North. These findings led to the hypothesis that ASF might have been introduced earlier into the North of Estonia then into the South of the country.
Salt Adaptation and Evolutionary Implication of a Nah-related PAHs Dioxygenase cloned from a Halophilic Phenanthrene Degrading Consortium
Authors: Wang Chongyang , Guo Guang , Huang Yong , Hao Han , Wang Hui 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollutions often occur in marine and other saline environment, largely due to anthropogenic activities. However, study of the PAHs-degradation genotypes in halophiles is limited, compared with the mesophilic terrestrial PAHs degraders. In this study, a bacterial consortium (CY-1) was enriched from saline soil contaminated with crude oil using phenanthrene as the sole carbon source at 10% salinity. CY-1 was dominated by the moderate halophilic Marinobacter species, and its dominant PAHs ring-hydroxylating dioxygenase (RHD) genotypes shared high identity to the classic nah-related RHDs found in the mesophilic species. Further cloning of a 5.6-kb gene cluster from CY-1 unveiled the existence of a new type of PAHs degradation gene cluster (hpah), which most probably evolves from the nah-related gene clusters. Expression of the RHD in this gene cluster in E. coli lead to the discovery of its prominent salt-tolerant properties compared with two RHDs from mesophiles. As a common structural feature shared by all halophilic and halotolerant enzymes, higher abundance of acidic amino acids was also found on the surface of this RHD than its closest nah-related alleles. These results suggest evolution towards saline adaptation occurred after horizontal transfer of this hpah gene cluster into the halophiles.
Risk factors for unintentional injuries among the rural elderly: a county-based cross-sectional survey
Authors: Zhang Hongping , Wei Feng , Han Mo , Chen Jianquan , Peng Songxu , Du Yukai 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to provide evidence for the prevention and reduction of unintentional injuries in the rural elderly by analysing epidemiological data of injuries among rural older adults (65+) and identifying the involved risk and protective factors. This study analysed all information, including the social demographic characteristics, chronic disease condition, lifestyle, living environment, mental health, activities of daily living and detailed information about the nature of the injuries. Chi-square tests, rank tests and a multivariate logistic regression were performed. The prevalence of unintentional injuries was 44.4%; according to the multivariate regression analysis, ten variables, including gender, floor tiles, cane use, sleeping duration, roughage intake frequency, mental health status, diabetes, arthritis and cataracts, were involved in the injury patterns. Low roughage intake (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.64–3.35), the use of a cane (OR = 1.78, 95% CI 1.31–2.41), a sleeping duration of five hours (OR = 1.75, 95% CI 1.27–2.42) and severe mental disorders (OR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.01–2.57) were the top 4 risk factors. In conclusion, we found that unintentional injuries among the rural elderly were closely related to chronic disease, mental health and residence environment. These findings could be beneficial for the prevention of unintentional injuries and for policy makers and health service managers.
A global reference database of crowdsourced cropland data collected using the Geo-Wiki platform
Authors: Laso Bayas Juan Carlos , Lesiv Myroslava , Waldner François , Schucknecht Anne , Duerauer Martina , See Linda , Fritz Steffen , Fraisl Dilek , Moorthy Inian , McCallum Ian , Perger Christoph , Danylo Olha , Defourny Pierre , Gallego Javier , Gilliams Sven , Akhtar Ibrar ul Hassan , Baishya Swarup Jyoti , Baruah Mrinal , Bungnamei Khangsembou , Campos Alfredo , Changkakati Trishna , Cipriani Anna , Das Krishna , Das Keemee , Das Inamani , Davis Kyle Frankel , Hazarika Purabi , Johnson Brian Alan , Malek Ziga , Molinari Monia Elisa , Panging Kripal , Pawe Chandra Kant , Pérez-Hoyos Ana , Sahariah Parag Kumar , Sahariah Dhrubajyoti , Saikia Anup , Saikia Meghna , Schlesinger Peter , Seidacaru Elena , Singha Kuleswar , Wilson John W 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA global reference data set on cropland was collected through a crowdsourcing campaign using the Geo-Wiki crowdsourcing tool. The campaign lasted three weeks, with over 80 participants from around the world reviewing almost 36,000 sample units, focussing on cropland identification. For quality assessment purposes, two additional data sets are provided. The first is a control set of 1,793 sample locations validated by students trained in satellite image interpretation. This data set was used to assess the quality of the crowd as the campaign progressed. The second data set contains 60 expert validations for additional evaluation of the quality of the contributions. All data sets are split into two parts: the first part shows all areas classified as cropland and the second part shows cropland average per location and user. After further processing, the data presented here might be suitable to validate and compare medium and high resolution cropland maps generated using remote sensing. These could also be used to train classification algorithms for developing new maps of land cover and cropland extent.
Dietary fish, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid consumption, and depression risk in Japan: a population-based prospective cohort study
Authors: Matsuoka Y J , Sawada N , Mimura M , Shikimoto R , Nozaki S , Hamazaki K , Uchitomi Y , Tsugane S ,   for the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Group
Published: September 2017

AbstractSystematic review of observational studies has revealed that fish consumption and levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid are associated with a reduced risk of depression. A reverse J-shaped effect of n-3 PUFAs was suggested. However, there is limited evidence from populations with high fish consumption and no studies have used a standard psychiatrist-based diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD). Therefore, this population-based, prospective study investigated the association of dietary fish, n-3 PUFA, and n-6 PUFA consumption with risk of psychiatrist-diagnosed MDD in Japan. A total of 12 219 subjects were enrolled from the Saku area in 1990. Of these, we extracted 1181 participants aged 63–82 years who completed food frequency questionnaires in both 1995 and 2000 and also underwent a mental health examination in 2014–2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for MDD according to fish intake and PUFA quartiles were calculated. Current MDD was diagnosed in 95 patients. We found a reduced risk of MDD in the third quartile for fish intake (111.1 g per day, OR=0.44, 95% CI=0.23–0.84), second quartile for EPA (307.7 mg per day, OR=0.54, 95% CI=0.30–0.99) and third quartile for docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) (123.1 mg per day, OR=0.42, 95% CI=0.22–0.85). ORs adjusted for cancer, stroke, myocardial infarction and diabetes remained significant for fish and DPA intake. Our results suggest that moderate fish intake could be recommended for the prevention of MDD in aged Japanese individuals.
Identification of a plasma signature of psychotic disorder in children and adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort
Authors: O'Gorman A , Suvitaival T , Ahonen L , Cannon M , Zammit S , Lewis G , Roche H M , Mattila I , Hyotylainen T , Oresic M , Brennan L , Cotter D R 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe identification of an early biomarker of psychotic disorder is important as early treatment is associated with improved patient outcome. Metabolomic and lipidomic approaches in combination with multivariate statistical analysis were applied to identify plasma alterations in children (age 11) (38 cases vs 67 controls) and adolescents (age 18) (36 cases vs 117 controls) preceeding or coincident with the development of psychotic disorder (PD) at age 18 in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Overall, 179 lipids were identified at age 11, with 32 found to be significantly altered between the control and PD groups. Following correction for multiple comparisons, 8 of these lipids remained significant (lysophosphatidlycholines (LPCs) LPC(18:1), LPC(18:2), LPC(20:3); phosphatidlycholines (PCs) PC(32:2; PC(34:2), PC(36:4), PC(0-34-3) and sphingomyelin (SM) SM(d18:1/24:0)), all of which were elevated in the PD group. At age 18, 23 lipids were significantly different between the control and PD groups, although none remained significant following correction for multiple comparisons. In conclusion, the findings indicate that the lipidome is altered in the blood during childhood, long before the development of psychotic disorder. LPCs in particular are elevated in those who develop PD, indicating inflammatory abnormalities and altered phospholipid metabolism. These findings were not found at age 18, suggesting there may be ongoing alterations in the pathophysiological processes from prodrome to onset of PD.
Cu3 P nanotubes: controlled synthesis and their good photocatalytic activity for organic dye
Authors: Liu Shuling , Liu Chao , Guo Jie , Yan Wei 
Published: September 2017

Copper phosphide (Cu3 P) nanotubes were successfully synthesised via a facile solvothermal route. The characterisation and analysis results indicate that the as‐prepared sample is composed of a large quantity of Cu3 P nanotubes with the mean diameter of about 100 nm, some nanotubes pass across each other and form the right angle morphology. Moreover, these nanotubes (sample II) can easily be changed to some irregular particles (sample I) or hollow spherical nanostructures (sample III) when the amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is controlled in the experiments. Choosing methylene blue (MB) as a typical organic dye, Cu3 P nanotubes exhibit a good photocatalytic activity, which may be that its large specific surface area enhances the oxidation–reduction ability of electron–hole.
Distribution of shape elongations of main belt asteroids derived from Pan-STARRS1 photometry
Authors: Cibulková H. , Nortunen H. , Ďurech J. , Kaasalainen M. , Vereš P. , Jedicke R. , Wainscoat R. J. , Mommert M. , Trilling D. E. , Schunová-Lilly E. , Magnier E. A. , Waters C. , Flewelling H. 
Published: September 2017

Context. A considerable amount of photometric data is produced by surveys such as Pan-STARRS, LONEOS, WISE, or Catalina. These data are a rich source of information about the physical properties of asteroids. There are several possible approaches for using these data. Light curve inversion is a typical method that works with individual asteroids. Our approach in focusing on large groups of asteroids, such as dynamical families and taxonomic classes, is statistical; the data are not sufficient for individual models.Aim. Our aim is to study the distributions of shape elongation b∕a and the spin axis latitude β for various subpopulations of asteroids and to compare our results, based on Pan-STARRS1 survey, with statistics previously carried out using various photometric databases, such as Lowell and WISE.Methods. We used the LEADER algorithm to compare the b∕a and β distributions for various subpopulations of asteroids. The algorithm creates a cumulative distributive function (CDF) of observed brightness variations, and computes the b∕a and β distributions with analytical basis functions that yield the observed CDF. A variant of LEADER is used to solve the joint distributions for synthetic populations to test the validity of the method.Results. When comparing distributions of shape elongation for groups of asteroids with different diameters D, we found that there are no differences for D < 25 km. We also constructed distributions for asteroids with different rotation periods and revealed that the fastest rotators with P = 0 − 4 h are more spheroidal than the population with P = 4−8 h.
Cyclical Remedy Complexes: Their Origin within Traditional Chinese Medicine and Relevance for Miasmatic Theory
Authors: Kantor Jerry 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe roots of cyclical remedy analysis within traditional Chinese medicine's Five Phases theory are introduced. Relevance for clinical practice including illness interpretation, preventive application via a self-diagnosis mandala, and a more coherent understanding of the five original miasms (expressing five core existential dilemmas) are explained. This article presents a case illustration of anorexia nervosa and an analysis of three conditions: Alzheimer's disease, cancer of the breast, and cancer of the large intestine.
Arthritis Progression on Serial MRIs Following Diagnosis of Medial Meniscal Posterior Horn Root Tear
Authors: Johnson Nick , Mohan Rohith , Hevesi Mario , Stuart Michael , Littrell Laurel , Collins Mark , Krych Aaron 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMedial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) are a significant source of pain and dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the medial compartment of the knee over time following the diagnosis of a MMPRT on MRI. A retrospective review of the institutional database was performed for patients with an initial MRI diagnosis of a MMPRT. Patients were included if they had a subsequent follow-up MRI on the same knee. Patients with surgical intervention, including debridement or repair, were excluded. MRIs were evaluated by two board-certified musculoskeletal radiologists. MMPRTs were defined using the LaPrade classification, and the medial compartment articular cartilage was graded using the modified Outerbridge classification. MRIs were reviewed for meniscus extrusion, subchondral bone edema, and insufficiency fractures. Patients were divided into two groups for the analysis to account for differences in MRI time intervals. Group 1 had a follow-up MRI within 12 months of initial imaging (subacute group) and Group 2 had a follow-up MRI greater than 12 months after initial imaging (chronic group). Forty-one knees and 82 MRIs were analyzed, including 20 knees/40 MRIs (13 females, 7 males) in the subacute group and 21 knees/42 MRIs (14 females, 7 males) in the chronic group. Subacute patients had a mean age of 59.5 ± 8.8 years and a mean interval of 4.8 ± 2.6 months between MRIs compared with 53.6 ± 11.0 years and 38.2 ± 20.8 months, respectively, for the chronic group. Meniscal extrusion, femoral modified Outerbridge grade, and tibial modified Outerbridge grade worsened between initial and final MRI in both groups (p < 0.05). In both groups, there were no significant differences between initial and final MRIs with regard to the LaPrade classification, insufficiency fracture, or subchondral cysts of the tibia. Progressive meniscus extrusion and medial compartment articular cartilage degeneration were seen in patients with MMPRTs within a year from diagnosis.
Transketolase Activity but not Thiamine Membrane Transport Change in Response to Hyperglycaemia and Kidney Dysfunction
Authors: Chalásová Katarína , Pácal Lukáš , Pleskačová Anna , Knopfová Lucia , Řehořová Jitka , Tomandlová Marie , Tomandl Josef , Kaňková Kateřina 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Aim Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) with key enzyme transketolase (TKT), represents a potentially ‘protective’ mechanism in hyperglycaemia. Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a common complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes associated with significant morbidity and mortality, represents the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We hypothesized that protective PPP action in diabetes and eventually even more severely in concomitant DKD might be compromised by limited intracellular availability of an active TKT cofactor thiamine diphosphate (TDP).
Methods Effect of hyperglycaemia on gene expression and protein levels of key PPP loci was studied in vitro using human cell lines relevant to diabetes (HUVEC and HRGEC) and (together with measurement of TKT activity, plasma thiamine and erythrocyte TDP concentration) in vivo in diabetic vs. non-diabetic subjects with comparable renal function (n=83 in total).
Results Hyperglycaemia significantly decreased protein levels of RFC-1, THTR1, THTR2 and TKT (P<0.05) in vitro. Analysis of blood samples from CKD patients with and without diabetes and from controls did not reveal any difference in gene expression and protein levels of thiamine transporters while TKT activity and TDP in erythrocytes gradually increased with decreasing kidney function being highest in patients with CKD3-4 of both diabetic and non-diabetic aetiology. Hyperglycaemia and uremic serum mimicking CKD in diabetes did not affect TKT activity in vitro (P<0.05).
Conclusion Both in vitro and human experiments showed decrease or unchanged expression, respectively, of thiamine transporters induced by hyperglycaemia while TKT activity in parallel with intracellular TDP was increased in CKD patients with or without diabetes. Therefore, lack of adaptive increase of thiamine transmembrane transport allowing further increase of TKT activity might contribute to compromised PPP function in diabetes and CKD and to the development of glycotoxic injury.
Effects of HRV-Guided vs. Predetermined Block Training on Performance, HRV and Serum Hormones
Authors: Nuuttila Olli-Pekka , Nikander Aku , Polomoshnov Dmitry , Laukkanen Jari , Häkkinen Keijo 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare heart rate variability -guided (HRVG) and predetermined (PD) block periodization of high intensity aerobic training (HIT). Endurance performance, neuromuscular performance, heart rate variability (HRV) and serum hormone concentrations were measured before, in the middle and after the 8-week training period in 24 endurance trained males. Both groups improved significantly maximal treadmill velocity (Vmax) (p<0.001) and 3000 m running performance (HRVG; p<0.001 and PD; p=0.001). The relative changes in Vmax and countermovement jump were significantly greater in HRVG (p<0.05). Nocturnal heart rate decreased in both groups (p<0.01), but HRV (RMSSD, LF and TP) increased significantly only in HRVG (p<0.05). The significant increase in serum testosterone concentration was observed from mid to post in HRVG (p<0.05). Significant correlations were found between individual Vmax changes and absolute serum testosterone levels. Individual baseline level of HF correlated significantly with Vmax changes in PD. Block periodization of HIT seems to be an effective way to improve endurance and running performance in already endurance trained males. Based on training induced increases in endurance and neuromuscular performance combined with significant changes in HRV and serum testosterone levels observed in HRVG, individually HRV -guided block training may be more optimal compared to predetermined training.