bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
α-Defensin point-of-care test for diagnosis of prosthetic joint infections: neglected role of laboratory and clinical pathologists
Authors: Drago Lorenzo , Toscano Marco , Tacchini Lorenza , Banfi Giuseppe 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a serious complication that may occur after native joint replacement leading to a severe health and economic burden. Currently, due to several confounding factors, PJI is difficult to diagnose. Today, a multidisciplinary approach is indispensable to correctly define a periprosthetic joint infection; indeed, tissue histology, microbiology cultures and clinical findings are used together to achieve this goal. Analysis of α-defensin is commonly used for PJI diagnosis, as it allows the rapid detection of α-defensin present in the synovial fluid following a microbial infection. Currently, a point-of-care testing (POCT) assay able to detect the presence of human α-defensins 1–3 in synovial fluid of patients is aimed directly at orthopedic surgeons. However, many orthopedic surgeons lack experience and training in quality laboratory practices, often failing to appreciate the significance of quality control and proper documentation when using POCT assays. To guarantee the highest quality diagnostic services, the α-defensin test should be used together with other biochemical and microbiological criteria commonly used for PJI diagnosis. Additionally, the close cooperation and communication between laboratory, pathologists and physicians is of fundamental importance in the correct diagnosis of PJI.
CO2 Capture by Absorption in Activated Aqueous Solutions of N,N-Diethylethanoloamine
Authors: Kruszczak Ewelina , Kierzkowska-Pawlak Hanna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The CO2 absorption process using aqueous amine solutions has been the most promising technique used for the removal of CO2 from gas streams in energy sector. In recent years, many researchers tested solutions which are composed of several compounds: a slow reacting tertiary amine- and a fast amine acting as an activator. In this paper, the CO2 absorption rate in an aqueous solution of N,N-diethylethanoloamine (DEEA) and activated solutions DEEA is investigated experimentally. The activators considered are sterically hindered amines: 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol (AMPD) and N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (MAPA) from the group of polyamines. The experiments were conducted over the temperature range of 303-333 K and the total amine concentration of 2 M. From the CO2 absorption experiments into mixed aqueous solutions of DEEA and MAPA, it was found that the addition of small amounts of MAPA into aqueous DEEA solutions has a significant effect on the enhancement of the CO2 absorption rate. The application of hindered amines: AMP or AMP as activators resulted in a marginally improvement of the absorption rate of CO2.
On cyclic yield strength in definition of limits for characterisation of fatigue and creep behaviour
Authors: Gorash Yevgen , MacKenzie Donald 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study proposes cyclic yield strength as a potential characteristic of safe design for structures operating under fatigue and creep conditions. Cyclic yield strength is defined on a cyclic stress-strain curve, while monotonic yield strength is defined on a monotonic curve. Both values of strengths are identified using a two-step procedure of the experimental stress-strain curves fitting with application of Ramberg-Osgood and Chaboche material models. A typical S-N curve in stress-life approach for fatigue analysis has a distinctive minimum stress lower bound, the fatigue endurance limit. Comparison of cyclic strength and fatigue limit reveals that they are approximately equal. Thus, safe fatigue design is guaranteed in the purely elastic domain defined by the cyclic yielding. A typical long-term strength curve in time-to-failure approach for creep analysis has two inflections corresponding to the cyclic and monotonic strengths. These inflections separate three domains on the long-term strength curve, which are characterised by different creep fracture modes and creep deformation mechanisms. Therefore, safe creep design is guaranteed in the linear creep domain with brittle failure mode defined by the cyclic yielding. These assumptions are confirmed using three structural steels for normal and high-temperature applications. The advantage of using cyclic yield strength for characterisation of fatigue and creep strength is a relatively quick experimental identification. The total duration of cyclic tests for a cyclic stress-strain curve identification is much less than the typical durations of fatigue and creep rupture tests at the stress levels around the cyclic yield strength.
Exact Soliton and Kink Solutions for New (3+1)-Dimensional Nonlinear Modified Equations of Wave Propagation
Authors: Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe present exact solutions for new (3+1)-dimensional nonlinear equations of wave propagation and fluids. We use the tanh/sech method combined with a computer symbolic system for a reliable treatment of this work. We determine a variety of exact solutions for each equation that contains soliton, kink and periodic solutions. The constraints that guarantee the existence of soliton and kink solutions were examined and found to be related to the coefficients k, r and s of the space variables x, y, and z respectively.
Legal Aspects of the Agricultural Land Protection in Slovakia
Authors: Palšová Lucia , Melišková Ina , Bandlerová Anna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Protection of the functions and surface area of agricultural land should be the interest of every society and is an expression of the maturity of the country. The paper analyses historical development of the legal regulation on the protection of agricultural land in Slovakia since the establishment of Czechoslovakia i.e. from 1918 to the present, i.e. until 2017.
25 Years of the Leader Initiative as European Rural Development Policy: The Case of Extremadura (SW Spain)
Authors: Nieto Masot Ana , Alonso Gema Cárdenas 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
For 25 years the rural development policy has been implemented through the LEADER Approach in the EU to reduce differences between rural and urban areas, as well as to satisfy the basic needs of the population. In this paper, Extremadura is analysed, which is a Spanish region where LEADER has been applied since its inception in 1991. The objective is to assess if the distribution of rural development aids has been influenced by the diverse demographic and socioeconomic realities that Extremadura presents from the analysis of variables that represent these realities on the territory through a GIS. Following this methodology, it has been noticed that the largest investments have been executed in the most developed rural areas of the region.
Tracing Cultural Landscape Values of Children with Participatory Geographic Information System
Authors: Puolamäki Laura 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe cultural landscape value categories found from the workshop evaluation describe the character of the cultural landscape of children: living, learning and moving in the network of places between home and the world outside based on the local and family culture creates both individually and collectively valuable places. When these places are situated in a listed building or landscape area, the cultural landscape values of expert evaluation and children ́s evaluation connect. But based on this case study these value objects are more often disconnected. Landscape evaluation produced with children by suitable methods reveal the network of places and ways to experience them. Experience is a key for opening cultural heritage to this group. By finding a way to afford the experience they desire in the places of listed heritage, children could connect better to cultural landscape.
Impact of Different PQ Models of Wind Turbine Generating Units (WTGUs) on System Voltage Performance
Authors: Moger Tukaram , Dhadbanjan Thukaram 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper presents the voltage performance analysis of the system with various types of wind turbine generating units (WTGUs). A detailed voltage performance analysis is carried out by considering the different PQ models used for computing the reactive power output of the WTGUs (fixed/semi-variable speed and variable speed WTGUs). The different PQ models of fixed/semi-variable speed WTGUs incorporated for the studies are voltage dependent model, voltage independent model, power factor based model, and PX model. In addition, the variable speed WTGUs are also considered in different fixed power factor mode of operation. Based on these models, a comparative analysis is presented. A modified 27-bus equivalent distribution test system with dispersed wind generation is considered for the studies. Further, the case studies have been carried out by considering the various wind power output levels of WTGUs to examine its impact on system voltage performance. From the comparative analysis, the power factor based model can be the best choice over the other models (which are based on voltages) for the system studies with fixed/semi-variable speed WTGUs.
Landscape and Gods Among the Khanty
Authors: Leete Art 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this article is to examine Khanty spatial ritual behaviour in the context of the simultaneous application of different ideas about sacred landscape. I aim to demonstrate the functional pattern behind handling seemingly ambivalent characteristics of cosmological models in the tangible ritual performance of the Khanty, an indigenous people inhabiting the taiga and forest taiga zone of Western Siberia. I explore three cases in which the concept of sacred topography is applied among the Khanty by exploring two public ceremonies of reindeer sacrifice and one episode of a post-funeral rite. It appeared that the spatial conceptualisation is different in different rituals. During sacrificial ceremonies, the Khanty position the Upper World in the southern direction, while in the case of death rituals, the Upper World is projected towards upstream of a river, even if it remains in the north. Studying different spatial orientations during rituals provides a methodological key for approaching other concepts of vernacular belief among Siberian indigenous communities.
A Database-Centric Framework for the Modeling, Simulation, and Control of Cyber-Physical Systems in the Factory of the Future
Authors: Bonci Andrea , Pirani Massimiliano , Longhi Sauro 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The factory of the future scenario asks for new approaches to cope with the incoming challenges and complexity of cyber-physical systems. The role of database management systems is becoming central for control and automation technology in this new industrial scenario. This article proposes database-centric technology and architecture that aims to seamlessly integrate networking, artificial intelligence, and real-time control issues into a unified model of computing. The proposed methodology is also viable for the development of a framework that features simulation and rapid prototyping tools for smart and advanced industrial automation. The full expression of the potentialities in the presented approach is expected in particular for applications where tiny and distributed embedded devices collaborate to a shared computing task of relevant complexity.
Evaluation of Flexible Manufacturing Systems Using a Hesitant Group Decision Making Approach
Authors: Ervural Beyzanur Cayir , Ervural Bilal , Kabak Özgür 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS) are capable of processing various parts, styles, and quantities of production in manufacturing systems. It is a quite complex process for companies to decide the appropriate FMS design as it involves multiple and conflicting criteria and multiple decision makers under various uncertainties. The fuzzy set theory offers an efficient tool to cope with vagueness and to define performance measurement of FMS in a multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) framework. In this study, we present a MAGDM approach based on hesitant fuzzy sets to evaluate FMS in a fuzzy environment. A practical example is provided to demonstrate the proposed methodology. In addition, the performance of the method is assessed by a comparative study and sensitivity analysis. The results of the analysis show that the MAGDM approach is a useful tool for experts in terms of evaluation of FMS.
4D ultrasound study of fetal movement early in the second trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Sajapala Suraphan , AboEllail Mohamed Ahmed Mostafa , Kanenishi Kenji , Mori Nobuhiro , Marumo Genzo , Hata Toshiyuki 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAim:To assess the frequency of fetal movement and reproducibility of fetal movement counting in normal singleton pregnancies early in the second trimester using four-dimensional (4D) ultrasound.Methods:Twenty-nine singleton pregnancies were studied for 15 min employing 4D ultrasound at 14–16 (19 cases) and 17–19 (10 cases) weeks of gestation. The frequencies of eight fetal movements (head anteflexion, head retroflexion, body rotation, hand to face movement, general movement, isolated arm movement, isolated leg movement and mouthing movement) were evaluated.Results:The most frequent fetal movements were isolated arm movements at 14–16 and 17–19 weeks’ gestation. There was a significant difference only in the frequency of mouthing movement between 14–16 and 17–19 weeks’ gestation (PConclusion:The difference in the frequency of mouthing movement at 14–16 and 17–19 weeks’ gestation may be due to increasing fetal swallowing because of the increasing amniotic fluid early in the second trimester of pregnancy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the reproducibility assessment of fetal movement counting using 4D ultrasound. However, the data and their interpretation in the present study should be taken with some degree of caution because of the small number of subjects studied. Further studies involving a larger sample size are needed to assess the reproducibility of fetal movement counting using 4D ultrasound.
Cooptation as a discourse strategy
Authors: Heine Bernd , Kaltenböck Gunther , Kuteva Tania , Long Haiping 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSome recent lines of research suggest that there are two different domains of discourse processing where one is concerned with the form and meaning of sentences and their parts and the other with the organization of discourse beyond the sentence and the relationship between linguistic material and the extra-linguistic situation of discourse. One important mechanism relating the two domains to one another is provided by cooptation, a cognitive-communicative operation whereby pieces of discourse located in one domain are transferred to another domain. In the present paper, the nature of this operation is looked at in more detail based on the framework of Discourse Grammar (Kaltenböck et al. 2011, On thetical grammar.
Design, synthesis and evaluation of optimized saponin variants derived from the vaccine adjuvant QS-21
Authors: Fernández-Tejada Alberto 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The saponin natural product QS-21 is one of the most potent investigational adjuvants, which are substances added to vaccines to enhance the immunogenicity of the antigen and potentiate the immune response. While QS-21 has been coadministered with vaccines against cancers and infectious diseases in many clinical trials, its inherent liabilities (scarcity, heterogeneity, instability, and dose-limiting toxicity) have limited its widespread clinical use. Furthermore, its molecular mechanisms of action are poorly understood. Structural modification of the natural product using chemical synthesis has become an important strategy to overcome these limitations. This review focuses mainly on research efforts in the group of the late Professor David Y. Gin on the development of optimized synthetic saponin adjuvants derived from QS-21. A number of QS21 variants incorporating stable acyl chain amide linkages, truncated carbohydrate domains, and targeted modifications at the triterpene and central glycosyl ester linkage were designed, chemically synthesized, and immunologically evaluated. These studies delineated key minimal structural requirements for adjuvant activity, established correlations between saponin conformation and activity, and provided improved, synthetically accessible saponin adjuvants. Moreover, leveraging these structure–activity relationships, novel saponin probes with high potency and reduced toxicity were developed and used in biodistribution and fluorescence imaging studies, yielding early insights into their enigmatic mechanisms of action.
Thermodynamic model of Ni(II) solubility, hydrolysis and complex formation with ISA
Authors: González-Siso Maria Rosa , Gaona Xavier , Duro Lara , Altmaier Marcus , Bruno Jordi 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe solubility of β–Ni(OH)2(cr) was investigated atT=(22±2)°C in the absence and presence of α-isosaccharinic acid (ISA), the main degradation product of cellulose under alkaline pH conditions. Batch solubility experiments were performed from undersaturation conditions under inert gas (Ar) atmosphere. Solubility experiments in the absence of ISA were conducted in 0.5 and 3.0 M NaCl–NaOH solutions at 7.5≤ pHm≤13 (with pHm=–log10[H+]). XRD analyses of selected solid phases collected after completing the solubility experiments (≈300 days) confirmed that β–Ni(OH)2(cr) remains as solid phase controlling the solubility of Ni(II) in all investigated conditions. Based on the slope analysis (log10[Ni] vs. pHm) of the solubility data and solid phase characterization, the equilibrium reactions β–Ni(OH)2(cr)+2 H+⇔Ni2++2 H2O(l) and β–Ni(OH)2(cr)⇔Ni(OH)2(aq) were identified as controlling the solubility of Ni(II) within the investigated pHmregion. The conditional equilibrium constants determined from the solubility experiments at different ionic strengths were evaluated with the specific ion interaction theory (SIT). In contrast to the current thermodynamic selection in the NEA–TDB, solubility data collected in the present work does not support the formation of the anionic hydrolysis species Ni(OH)3−up to pHm≤13.0. Solubility experiments in the presence of ISA were conducted in 0.5 M NaCl–NaOH–NaISA solutions with 0.01 M≤[NaISA] ≤0.2 M and 9≤ pHm≤13. XRD analyses confirmed that β–Ni(OH)2(cr) is also the solid phase controlling the solubility of Ni(II) in the presence of ISA. Solubility data of all investigated systems can be properly explained with chemical and thermodynamic models including the formation of the complexes NiOHISA(aq), Ni(OH)2ISA−and Ni(OH)3ISA2−. The reported data confirm the low solubility (<10−7M) of Ni(II) in hyperalkaline pH conditions representative of cementitious environments (10≤ pH ≤13), which increases to up to 10−5M in the presence of 0.2 M NaISA. These results significantly improve source term estimations for Ni(II) in environments relevant for the disposal of low and intermediate level radioactive waste (L/ILW). The chemical and thermodynamic models derived in this work can be implemented in geochemical models/calculations, and provide further confidence in the safety analysis of repositories for the disposal of L/ILW.
Recent developments in microfluidic paper-, cloth-, and thread-based electrochemical devices for analytical chemistry
Authors: Malon Radha S.P. , Heng Lee Yook , Córcoles Emma P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe attractive structural and mechanical properties of cellulose substrates (paper, cloth, and thread), including passive fluid transport, biocompatibility, durability, and flexibility, have attracted researchers in the past few decades to explore them as alternative microfluidic platforms. The incorporation of electrochemical (EC) sensing broadened their use for applications such as clinical diagnosis, pharmaceutical chemical analyses, food quality, and environmental monitoring. This article provides a review on the microfluidic devices constructed on paper, cloth, and thread substrates. It begins with an overview on paper-based microfluidic devices, followed by an in-depth review on the various applications of EC detection incorporated on paper-based microfluidic devices reported to date. The review on paper-based microfluidic devices attempts to convey a few perspective directions that cloth- and thread-based microfluidic devices may take in its development. Finally, the research efforts on the development and evaluation, as well as current limitations of cloth- and thread-based microfluidic devices are discussed. Microfluidic devices constructed on paper, cloth, and thread substrates are still at an early development stage (prototype) requiring several improvements in terms of fabrication, analytical techniques, and performance to become mature platforms that can be adapted and commercialized as real world products. However, they hold a promising potential as wearable devices.
Imagined, prescribed and actual text trajectories: the “problem” with case notes in contemporary social work
Authors: Lillis Theresa 
Published: July 2017

AbstractDrawing on a text-oriented action research ethnography of the writing practices of UK-based social workers, this paper focuses on a key but problematic aspect of everyday, professional textual practice – the production of “case notes.” Using data drawn from interviews, workshops, texts and observation, the paper locates case notes within social work everyday practice and explores the entextualization of three distinct case notes. The heuristic of
Continuity and change: semiotic relations across multimodal texts in surgical education
Authors: Bezemer Jeff , Kress Gunther 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper we develop a social semiotic account of continuity and change across texts. Our aims are to make a theoretical contribution to scholarly work on inter-textual relations by adopting a multimodal perspective; and to develop a framework for understanding how texts mediate knowing, learning and agency in education and beyond. We achieve this through a case study of surgical education. We present and analyze, first, a collection of pedagogic texts designed for surgeons learning to perform a common surgical procedure. Second, we look at a series of texts that culminated in a pedagogic text on surgery for the general public. We conclude that a multimodal, social semiotic framework provides essential means for the recognition, documentation and understanding of continuities and changes in text production and engagement.