bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐transplant dialysis modality does not influence short‐ or long‐term outcome in kidney transplant recipients: analysis of paired kidneys from the same deceased donor
Authors: Dipalma Teresa , Fernández‐Ruiz Mario , Praga Manuel , Polanco Natalia , González Esther , Gutiérrez‐Solis Elena , Gutiérrez Eduardo , Andrés Amado 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPrevious studies have reported contradictory results regarding the effect of pre‐transplant dialysis modality on the outcomes after kidney transplantation (KT). To minimize the confounding effect of donor‐related variables, we performed a donor‐matched retrospective comparison of 160 patients that received only one modality of pre‐transplant dialysis (peritoneal dialysis [PD] and hemodialysis [HD] in 80 patients each) and that subsequently underwent KT at our center between January 1990 and December 2007. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the association between pre‐transplant dialysis modality and primary study outcomes (death‐censored graft survival and patient survival). To control for imbalances in recipient‐related baseline characteristics, we performed additional adjustments for the propensity score (PS) for receiving pre‐transplant PD (versus HD). There were no significant differences according to pre‐transplant dialysis modality in death‐censored graft survival (PS‐adjusted hazard ratio [aHR]: 0.65; 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.25–1.68) or patient survival (aHR: 0.58; 95% CI: 0.13–2.68). There were no differences in 10‐year graft function or in the incidence of post‐transplant complications either, except for a higher risk of lymphocele in patients undergoing PD (odds ratio: 4.31; 95% CI: 1.15–16.21). In conclusion, pre‐transplant dialysis modality in KT recipients does not impact short‐ or long‐term graft outcomes or patient survival.
Classifying Revenue Management: A Taxonomy to Assess Business Practice*
Authors: Ng Frederick , Rouse Paul , Harrison Julie 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTAs revenue management (RM) techniques evolve there is a need to take stock of how organizations practice RM and the interactions among techniques. This would help practitioners and researchers better understand how RM practice is influenced by the business setting, including those not traditionally associated with advanced RM techniques. Also, it would facilitate investigations of which practices lead to better outcomes in different contexts. Research to date has focused on individual techniques within individual business settings, with limited attention to the range of environments in which RM practice occurs. This suggests a need for a common framework to classify and assess differences in practice. In this article, we present a taxonomy which comprises (i) seven indicators of practice and (ii) a decision tree to measure RM across diverse businesses. We test the classification system in a survey of 232 businesses. Results show the taxonomy provides a comprehensive view of RM practice, with meaningful discrimination across settings. Findings also offer insight into how practices vary across different settings. Our taxonomy contributes to future research by facilitating systematic comparisons of RM practices, the settings in which it is adopted, and its impact on performance.
Randomized trial of a dual‐hormone artificial pancreas with dosing adjustment during exercise compared with no adjustment and sensor‐augmented pump therapy
Authors: Jacobs P. G. , El Youssef J. , Reddy R. , Resalat N. , Branigan D. , Condon J. , Preiser N. , Ramsey K. , Jones M. , Edwards C. , Kuehl K. , Leitschuh J. , Rajhbeharrysingh U. , Castle J.R. 
Published: June 2016

AimsTo test whether adjusting insulin and glucagon in response to exercise within a dual‐hormone artificial pancreas (AP) reduces exercise‐related hypoglycaemia.Materials and methodsIn random order, 21 adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) underwent three 22‐hour experimental sessions: AP with exercise dosing adjustment (APX); AP with no exercise dosing adjustment (APN); and sensor‐augmented pump (SAP) therapy. After an overnight stay and 2 hours after breakfast, participants exercised for 45 minutes at 60% of their maximum heart rate, with no snack given before exercise. During APX, insulin was decreased and glucagon was increased at exercise onset, while during SAP therapy, subjects could adjust dosing before exercise. The two primary outcomes were percentage of time spent in hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/L) and percentage of time spent in euglycaemia (3.9‐10 mmol/L) from the start of exercise to the end of the study.ResultsThe mean (95% confidence interval) times spent in hypoglycaemia (<3.9 mmol/L) after the start of exercise were 0.3% (−0.1, 0.7) for APX, 3.1% (0.8, 5.3) for APN, and 0.8% (0.1, 1.4) for SAP therapy. There was an absolute difference of 2.8% less time spent in hypoglycaemia for APX versus APN (p = .001) and 0.5% less time spent in hypoglycaemia for APX versus SAP therapy (p = .16). Mean time spent in euglycaemia was similar across the different sessions.ConclusionsAdjusting insulin and glucagon delivery at exercise onset within a dual‐hormone AP significantly reduces hypoglycaemia compared with no adjustment and performs similarly to SAP therapy when insulin is adjusted before exercise.
Effects of vitamin D supplementation on glycated haemoglobin and fasting glucose levels in hypertensive patients: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Grübler M. R. , Gaksch M. , Kienreich K. , Verheyen N. , Schmid J. , ó Hartaigh B. , Richtig G. , Scharnagl H. , Meinitzer A. , Fahrleitner‐Pammer A. , März W. , Tomaschitz A. , Pilz S. 
Published: June 2016

AimTo investigate the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on glycaemic control.MethodsThe Styrian Vitamin D Hypertension Trial was a single‐centre, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study conducted between 2011 and 2014 at the Medical University of Graz, Austria. We enrolled 200 people with arterial hypertension and 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations <30 ng/mL. Study participants were randomized to receive either 2800 IU of vitamin D or placebo per day for 8 weeks. The present study was a post hoc analysis that incorporated an analysis of covariance (ancova) approach, while adjusting for baseline differences.ResultsA total of 185 participants [mean ± standard deviation age, 60.1 ± 11.3 years; 47% women; mean 25(OH)D 21.2 ± 5.6 ng/mL, mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 44.8 ± 11.8 mmol/mol and mean body mass index 30.4 ± 5.4 kg/m2] completed the trial. ancova showed a mean treatment effect [95% confidence interval (CI)] on HbA1c of −3.52 (−6.7 to −0.34) mmol/mol (p = .045). There was no difference in fasting glucose −4.7 mg/dL (95% CI −16.3 to 6.9; p = .426).ConclusionsVitamin D supplementation in obese hypertensive patients with low 25(OH)D reduces HbA1c levels. This finding warrants further investigation into potential vitamin D effects on glucose homeostasis.
Differences in pupal cold hardiness and larval food consumption between overwintering and non‐overwintering generations of the common yellow swallowtail,Papilio machaon(Lepidoptera: Papilionidae), from the Osaka population
Authors: Hirai Norio , Hirai Yuka , Ishii Minoru 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTo clarify differences in pupal cold hardiness and larval food consumption between overwintering and non‐overwintering generations of the common yellow swallowtail,Papilio machaon, we reared larvae from the Osaka population under photoperiods of 16 h light : 8 h dark (LD 16:8) (long day) or LD 12:12 (short day) at 20°C. We examined the relationship between food consumption and weight during the final larval stadium and pupae, and measured the pupal supercooling point (SCP). Although the ratio of assimilation to consumption did not differ significantly between photoperiods, the ratio of assimilation to pupal weight differed significantly between individuals reared under long and short days. All diapausing pupae were brown, whereas 56% of non‐diapausing pupae were green with the remainder brown. The mean pupal body length (L), dorsal width (W1) and lateral width (W2) were larger in non‐diapausing than in diapausing pupae, and theW1/LandW1/W2ratios differed significantly between non‐diapausing and diapausing pupae. SCP was approximately –20°C and did not differ among pupae 5, 15 and 30 days after pupation under long‐day conditions. However, under short‐day conditions, mean SCP gradually decreased, stabilizing at approximately –24 to –25°C by 30 days after pupation. After freezing, some diapausing pupae emerged as adults, whereas all non‐diapausing pupae died. Both egestion and assimilation were greater under long‐day conditions. The results revealed that pupae of this papilionid exhibit seasonal polyphenism in physiological and morphological traits. Energy from food appears to be expended on increasing cold hardiness in the overwintering generation and on reproduction in the non‐overwintering generation.
Evaluation of Agricultural Production Systems Simulator as yield predictor of Panicum virgatum and Miscanthus x giganteus in several US environments
Authors: Ojeda Jonathan J. , Volenec Jeffrey J. , Brouder Sylvie M. , Caviglia Octavio P. , Agnusdei Mónica G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSimulation models for perennial energy crops such as switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and Miscanthus (Miscanthus x giganteus) can be useful tools to design management strategies for biomass productivity improvement in US environments. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) is a biophysical model with the potential to simulate the growth of perennial crops. APSIM crop modules do not exist for switchgrass and Miscanthus, however, re‐parameterization of existing APSIM modules could be used to simulate the growth of these perennials. Our aim was to evaluate the ability of APSIM to predict the dry matter (DM) yield of switchgrass and Miscanthus at several US locations. The Lucerne (for switchgrass) and Sugarcane (for Miscanthus) APSIM modules were calibrated using data from four locations in Indiana. A sensitivity analysis informed the relative impact of changes in plant and soil parameters of APSIM Lucerne and APSIM Sugarcane modules. An independent dataset of switchgrass and Miscanthus DM yields from several US environments was used to validate these re‐parameterized APSIM modules. The re‐parameterized modules simulated DM yields of switchgrass [0.95 for CCC (concordance correlation coefficient) and 0 for SB (bias of the simulation from the measurement)] and Miscanthus (0.65 and 0% for CCC and SB, respectively) accurately at most locations with the exception of switchgrass at southern US sites (0.01 for CCC and 2% for SB). Therefore, the APSIM model is a promising tool for simulating DM yields for switchgrass and Miscanthus while accounting for environmental variability. Given our study was strictly based on APSIM calibrations at Indiana locations, additional research using more extensive calibration data may enhance APSIM robustness.
Influence of hepatorenal syndrome on outcome of living donor liver transplantation: A single‐center experience in 357 patients
Authors: Okamura Yusuke , Hata Koichiro , Inamoto Osamu , Kubota Toyonari , Hirao Hirofumi , Tanaka Hirokazu , Fujimoto Yasuhiro , Ogawa Kohei , Mori Akira , Okajima Hideaki , Kaido Toshimi , Uemoto Shinji 
Published: June 2016

AimLiver transplantation is the only curative treatment for hepatorenal syndrome (HRS); however, the influence of HRS on the patient and renal outcome after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of HRS on the outcome of LDLT.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 357 consecutive adult patients who underwent primary LDLT between January 2005 and March 2013 at Kyoto University Hospital. The outcome of the patients with HRS was compared with those without HRS.ResultsA total of 29 patients (8%) were diagnosed as HRS (Group‐HRS) preoperatively, and the other 328 patients (92%) were not diagnosed as HRS (Group‐Non‐HRS). Group‐HRS showed a significantly lower preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (22.1 vs 78.3 mL/min/1.73m2, P < 0.001) and higher Child–Pugh–Turcotte score (13 vs 10, P < 0.001) than Group‐non‐HRS. After a median follow up of 60 months, the 1‐, 3‐ and 5‐year recipients' survival were 60.7%, 57.1% and 57.1% in Group‐HRS, and 83.7%, 79.4% and 76.2% in Group‐Non‐HRS, respectively (P = 0.030). Concomitant HRS significantly elongated postoperative hospital stays (75 vs 50 days, P = 0.003), as well as predisposed patients to higher in‐hospital mortality (41% vs 18%, P = 0.005). Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative renal dysfunction (estimated glomerular filtration rate on admission <40 mL/min/1.73m2, OR 2.106, P = 0.03) was an independent risk factor for 1‐year recipients' survival after LDLT, in addition to donor age ≥38 years (OR 3.114, P < 0.001), Child–Pugh–Turcotte score ≥13 (OR 2.929, P < 0.001) and left lobe graft (OR 2.225, P = 0.004).ConclusionCoincidence of HRS is associated with significantly worse outcome after LDLT, especially in the early post‐transplant period.
Yolk sac tumours of the female genital tract in older adults derive commonly from somatic epithelial neoplasms: somatically derived yolk sac tumours
Authors: McNamee Tamara , Damato Stephen , McCluggage W Glenn 
Published: June 2016

AimsTo report 18 yolk sac tumours (YSTs) of the female genital tract (17 ovary, one uterus) in patients aged 40 years or over, most arising from a somatic epithelial neoplasm.Methods and resultsSix patients had pure YST, two were associated with immature teratoma (one with an endometrioid adenocarcinoma) and in 11 there was an epithelial neoplasm comprising high‐grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) (n = 5), clear cell carcinoma (n = 1), borderline clear cell adenofibroma (n = 1), endometrioid adenocarcinoma (n = 2), serous tubal intra‐epithelial carcinoma (n = 1) and large‐cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (n = 1). In one case of pure YST, there was an ipsilateral endometriotic cyst but no other neoplastic component. In two cases, the YST was a hepatoid variant and in most of the others it exhibited predominantly glandular morphology, closely mimicking an epithelial neoplasm.ConclusionsPathologists should be aware of the association between YST and an epithelial neoplasm, the former probably arising from the latter through a process of neometaplasia/retrodifferentiation. Those rare gynaecological pure glandular YSTs in adults may arise secondary to total overgrowth of an epithelial neoplasm. Pathologists need a high index of suspicion to diagnose the YST component, as the morphology is characteristically of a glandular variant with marked morphological overlap with adenocarcinomas. There is also often significant immunophenotypical overlap with epithelial neoplasms, as the YST component may be positive with epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), BerEP4 and cytokeratin 7 (CK7), as well as YST markers. We propose the term ‘somatically derived YSTs’ for these neoplasms and suggest unification of the terminology between different sites where such neoplasms occur.
High frequency of mitochondrial DNA mutations in HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced individuals
Authors: Li M , Foli Y , Liu Z , Wang G , Hu Y , Lu Q , Selvaraj S , Lam W , Paintsil E 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesWe recently observed a decrease in deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pools in HIV‐infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Alterations in dNTPs result in mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cell culture and animal models. Therefore, we investigated whether ART is associated with mitochondrial genome sequence variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced individuals.MethodsIn this substudy of a case−control study, 71 participants were included: 22 ‘cases’, who were HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with mitochondrial toxicity, 25 HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients without mitochondrial toxicity, and 24 HIV‐uninfected controls. Total DNA was extracted from PBMCs and purified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were subjected to third‐generation sequencing using the PacBio Single Molecule Real‐Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. The sequences were aligned against the revised Cambridge reference sequence for human mitochondrial DNA (NC_012920.1) for detection of variants.ResultsWe identified a total of 123 novel variants, 39 of them in the coding region. HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with and without toxicity had significantly higher average numbers of mitochondrial variants per participant than HIV‐uninfected controls. We observed a higher burden of mtDNA large‐scale deletions in HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with toxicity compared with HIV‐uninfected controls (P = 0.02). The frequency of mtDNA molecules containing a common deletion (mt.δ4977) was higher in HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with toxicity compared with HIV‐uninfected controls (P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant difference in mtDNA variants between HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with and without toxicity.ConclusionsThe frequency of mtDNA variants (mutations and large‐scale deletions) was higher in HIV‐infected treatment‐experienced patients with or without ART‐induced toxicity than in uninfected controls.
Effect of sequential treatments of fermentation and ultrasonication followed by extrusion on bioactive content of apple pomace and textural, functional properties of its extrudates
Authors: Lohani Umesh C. , Muthukumarappan Kasiviswanathan 
Published: June 2016

SummaryApple pomace (AP) is a potential source of phenolic compounds, and most of the phenolics are presented in the bound form. Liberation of these bound phenolics is required to improve their health functionality. In this context, AP was naturally fermented followed by the ultrasonication and microwave drying. Fermentation time (FT), pomace to water ratio (PWR), ultrasonication intensity (UI) and microwave power (MWP) had significant (P < 0.05) effect on total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity (AA) of AP. At the optimum pretreatment conditions of 24 h FT, 5% (w/v) PWR, 37 W cm−2 UI and 90 W MWP, TPC and AA of AP were 40.3% and 92.9%, respectively, higher than that of the control AP. Extrudates from pretreated AP also had improved textural (hardness, brittleness, crispness) and functional (water absorption index, water solubility index) properties. Pretreatment reduced crystalline fraction amount and enhanced solubility of AP.
Tailoring Magnetic Properties of MAX Phases, a Theoretical Investigation of (Cr2Ti)AlC2 and Cr2AlC
Authors: Wang Jiemin , Liu Zhimou , Zhang Haibin , Wang Jingyang 
Published: June 2016

(Cr2Ti)AlC2 is a newly discovered MAX phase with ordered occupations of Ti and Cr atoms on M sites. The Cr‐containing MAX phase is expected showing magnetic property, which provides functional applications in spintronics and as self‐monitoring smart coating. The magnetic states of (Cr2Ti)AlC2 are predicted by GGA and GGA + U methods and compared to those of Cr2AlC. The ground states are predicted as FM or AFM‐XX configurations depending on the calculation methods. Analysis of the electronic structure shows that the magnetic moments mainly originate from the net spins of Cr 3d valence electrons, whereas the contribution of other atoms is negligible. The calculated magnetic moments of Cr atoms in (Cr2Ti)AlC2 are higher than those in Cr2AlC due to the larger distance between the out‐plane Cr atoms separated by the intercalated nonmagnetic Ti–C slab. This work provides an insight on tailoring magnetic properties of MAX phases by modifying the crystal structure.
‘This is the best lesson ever, Miss…’: Disrupting Linear Logics of Visual Arts Teaching Practice
Authors: Mitchell Donna Mathewson 
Published: June 2016

AbstractResearch in visual arts education is often focused on philosophical issues or broad concerns related to approaches to curriculum. In focusing on the everyday work of teaching, this article addresses a gap in the literature to report on collaborative research exploring the experiences of secondary visual arts teachers in regional New South Wales, Australia. Drawing on qualitative data gathered through a process of educational connoisseurship and educational criticism, discussion focuses on visual arts teaching as a particular professional practice that is complex, intricate, emergent and adaptive. In drawing on themes emerging from the research, examples of unplanned aspects of teachers’ work that disrupt linear logics about teaching practice are examined. The article concludes by raising issues for further consideration and research.
A Fresh Theoretical Perspective on Practice‐Led Research
Authors: Hawkins Barbara , Wilson Brett 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPractice‐led research in art and design has now come of age and can take its place alongside other forms of research at the academic ‘high table’. It no longer needs to be treated with ‘special consideration’ as a new form of intellectual enquiry. The research craft developed by those involved in practice‐led research admits them to a broader community of practice engaged in questioning the conceptual basis of how we perceive and make sense of the world around us. The objective/subjective divide that preoccupied an earlier generation of academics has eventually been replaced by a more nuanced epistemological framework able to embrace PhDs that include non‐textual artefacts as part of their exposition. An increasing number of academic institutions around the world have taken up the debate and now participate in practice‐led research programmes. However, for early‐career researchers in these fields there are still many hurdles to overcome, some of which are unique to this form of endeavour, as we outline. This article has been developed from a series of seminars and workshops presented by the authors to early‐career practice‐led researchers as part of their Project Dialogue programme which seeks greater engagement between the arts and sciences.
Whole mitochondrial genomes illuminate ancient intercontinental dispersals of grey wolves (Canis lupus)
Authors: Koblmüller Stephan , Vilà Carles , Lorente‐Galdos Belen , Dabad Marc , Ramirez Oscar , Marques‐Bonet Tomas , Wayne Robert K. , Leonard Jennifer A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimGrey wolves (Canis lupus) are widespread across the Holarctic. Here, we test the previously proposed hypothesis that extant North American wolves originate from multiple waves of colonization from Asia. We also test the hypothesis that land connections have been important in the evolutionary history of other isolated wolf populations in Japan.LocationHolarctic.MethodsWe analyse 105 previously published and newly obtained complete mitochondrial genomes from a geographically diverse sample of grey wolves and date critical branches in the phylogenetic tree. Phylogeographical hypotheses are tested in an approximate Bayesian computation approach.ResultsWe find that the mitogenomes of all living wolves in North America, including Mexican wolves, most likely derive from a single colonization event from Eurasia that expanded the grey wolf range into North America. This colonization occurred while a land bridge connected Eurasia and North America before the Cordillerian and Laurentide ice sheets fused in the Last Glacial Maximum,c. 23 ka, much more recent than predicted based on the fossil record. Pleistocene land bridges also facilitated the separate colonization of Hokkaido and the southern Japanese islands.Main conclusionsExtant wolf lineages in North America derive from wolves that migrated into North America coincident with the formation of the most recent land bridge with Eurasia. The maternal lineages from earlier Pleistocene American wolves are not represented in living American wolves, indicating that they left no descendants. The timing of colonization of North America, Hokkaido and the southern Japanese islands corresponds to the changes in land connectivity as a consequence of changing sea level.