bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pay Attention to Hypertension (PAtH): Findings from a cardiovascular health promotion intervention for adults with intellectual disabilities participating in Special Olympics programming
Authors: Ponce‐Alcala R. E. , Cuerrier A. , Sanzone L. , Delmas T. , Roberge K. , Van Hulst A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundCardiovascular disease (CVD) affects adults globally. People with intellectual disabilities (PWID) may be at higher risk of CVD and associated risk factors (e.g. obesity, hypertension, and diabetes). We developed Pay Attention to Hypertension (PAtH), a cardiovascular health promotion intervention, and tested its impact on changes in blood pressure (BP), lifestyle behaviours and health‐related empowerment among PWID.MethodsPAtH was developed with a Special Olympics community organisation that supports PWID in developing self‐confidence and social skills through participation in sports. The 6‐month intervention consisted of 1‐h individualised virtual sessions delivered monthly by nursing students/novice nurses. Sessions covered specific themes, including monitoring BP, adopting healthy lifestyles and managing stress, and were individually tailored to the capacities and needs of participants. A single group pre–post‐intervention design was used to assess the intervention's effects among participants who completed the intervention and data collection. Data included baseline and follow‐up BP measurements from 7‐day logbooks and questionnaires assessing lifestyle behaviours [physical activity (PA), screen time and diet], and health‐related empowerment.ResultsSeventy‐four participants were included in the analyses. Between baseline and follow‐up, there were no changes in systolic and diastolic BP, PA or leisure screen time. The proportion of participants who reported adding salt when cooking decreased from baseline to follow‐up (19.7% vs. 12.7%, P = 0.034), and we found improvements for several items measuring health‐related empowerment (P ≤ 0.003).ConclusionImprovements in health‐related empowerment were found following PAtH. More intensive interventions may be needed to result in changes in lifestyle behaviours and BP. The integration of adapted cardiovascular health promotion initiatives within well‐established community organisations such as Special Olympics is a promising avenue to contribute to cardiovascular health promotion among PWID.
Microneedling With RF‐Assisted Skin Penetration Improves the Hard‐to‐Treat Periorbital Wrinkles: Nonrandomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Cheles Dorina , Vinshtok Yuri , Gershonowitz Amikam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionThis prospective study evaluates the efficacy and safety of minimally invasive radiofrequency microneedling (RFMN) for the correction of periorbital wrinkles. This study aimed to address the challenges posed by the periorbital region's unique anatomy and the limitations of existing non‐surgical treatments.MethodsTwenty‐four subjects, ranging from 34 to 54 years old with Fitzpatrick skin types II–V, underwent a series of treatments using the Voluderm RF microneedling device. Participants were divided into two groups based on the severity of their wrinkles and treated with customized protocols over four sessions, with a 3‐month follow‐up to assess outcomes. Efficacy was determined through comparisons of pre‐treatment and post‐treatment wrinkle severity, using the Lemperle Classification of Facial Wrinkles (LFW) and the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale, evaluated by both the investigators and the patients. Safety and tolerability were assessed through adverse event reporting and a Visual Analog Scale for treatment discomfort.ResultsThe results demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in periorbital wrinkle severity, with an average 49% decrease of LFW score and improvements noted across all skin types in both groups. The aggregated facial LFW score decreased from baseline mean 13.00 ± 4.75 to 6.09 ± 3.90 (p < 0.05). The treatment was well tolerated without anesthetics, with minimal downtime and few adverse events, which were transient and resolved without intervention.ConclusionThe efficacy of Voluderm RF microneedling in improving periorbital wrinkles of variable severity was demonstrated in patients with diverse skin types. The unique RF‐assisted mechanism of the skin penetration granted a high tolerability of the treatments, negligible downtime, and minimum number of adverse events with self‐resolution.
Communities in Coworking Spaces: Boundary Work and Social Identity Work by Community Managers
Authors: Kim Nam Kyoon (Nathan) , Lim Dominic S.K. , Monzani Lucas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe use of coworking spaces – flexible, shared workplaces for mobile knowledge workers – has gained popularity among entrepreneurs, small‐business owners, and freelancers over the last decade. Coworking spaces shape a social setting for a community, within which mobile knowledge workers can network, collaborate, and share ideas. This study adopts a social‐symbolic work perspective to explore how founders and community managers create and curate the communities in their coworking spaces. Based on qualitative data gathered from 16 coworking spaces, we elaborate on how founders and community managers can integrate boundary work and social identity work in their social‐symbolic work practices to create a sense of community.
Evaluating vitamin D status in Chinese pre‐school children using dried blood spots coupled with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Authors: Zhan Zhenxuan , Quan Fan , Zhao Ning , Mai Lijun , Li Zhen , Li Yudong , Sun Ting , Zeng Xuan 
Published: October 2024

AimVitamin D is an essential micronutrient for multiple physiological processes, and its deficiency remains a world‐wide public health problem that cannot be ignored. Dried blood spot (DBS) is a convenient tool in large‐scale epidemiological studies, but its application in evaluating vitamin D status in Chinese population is still scarce. Herein, we aimed to determine the vitamin D status in Chinese pre‐school children using DBS coupled with LC‐MS/MS method.MethodsWe first developed a sensitive and reliable method for the determination of 25‐hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) in DBS samples using an ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatograph coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometer (UHPLC‐QQQ‐MS/MS). Next, we conducted a pilot study to compare the 25(OH)D concentration in DBS and serum samples. Finally, the assay method was used to evaluate vitamin D status in Chinese pre‐school children.ResultsThe present method was validated to be reliable and robust for the determination of 25(OH)D in DBS samples. Comparable consistency was observed between the 25(OH)D concentration in DBS and serum samples. A total of 3826 DBS samples collected from children aged 1–7 years were determined. The median concentration of 25(OH)D was 19.57 ng/mL (interquartile range 14.73–24.36 ng/mL), and decreased from 1 to 7 years of age. In addition, 13.51% of male children and 15.12% female children are found to be deficient in 25(OH)D.ConclusionsDBS coupled with LC‐MS/MS is a feasible strategy to evaluate vitamin D status in epidemiological studies. And vitamin D deficiency remains a common health problem in Chinese pre‐school children.
Is happiness independent of income? Set point theory à la Kahneman
Authors: Khalil Elias L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe income–happiness nexus is paradoxical. One dataset shows that happiness tracks income, while another shows that, in rich countries, happiness does not. This paper focuses on the limits of set point theory (known also ‘hedonic treadmill’ or ‘hedonic adaptation’) to solve the income–happiness paradox. To keep it manageable, it focuses on Daniel Kahneman's attempt to solve the paradox. He first employs his distinction between ‘the experiencing self’ and ‘the remembering self’ to solve the paradox. While the distinction is useful for the study of heuristics, it is irrelevant for the question at hand, the solution of the income–happiness paradox. Sensing such irrelevance, Kahneman turns his attention to the ‘life evaluation’ measure. This measure ironically shows that happiness tracks income. However, Kahneman disputes such tracking, arguing instead that happiness tracks income only if people, when they were teenagers, designate income as a life goal. The appeal to ‘goals’ or ‘life plans’, however, is an endorsement of a sophisticated version of set point theory. Kahneman argues that happiness varies with the variation of the designated goal or life plan, not with income per se. However, if happiness varies with the designated goals or life plans, it ultimately means that happiness cannot be conceived as a set point. Thus, Kahneman's argument effectively sends us back to square one, failing to solve the income–happiness paradox.
Exposure to respirable silica contributes to lower airway inflammation in asthmatic horses
Authors: Romolo Alessandra , Costa Giulia , Sica Beatrice , Memoli Giulia , Ardit Matteo , Di Benedetto Francesco , Bellis Donata , Capella Silvana , Belluso Elena , Bullone Michela 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundRespirable mineral particles can induce lower airway inflammation, but the role they play in asthma of horses is unknown.ObjectivesRespirable mineral particles, particularly respirable silica, are an overlooked determinant of chronic lung inflammation (asthma) in horses.AnimalsTwenty‐three horses from an equine hospital population: 11 moderately affected (MEA), 7 severely asthmatic (SEA), and 5 control horses free from respiratory clinical signs.MethodsProspective observational study. The quantity and quality of mineral particles found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were characterized, with particular attention to silica content. Polarized light microscopy performed on cytospin slides identified intracellular birefringent particles as silica. Spectrometry‐based analysis performed on whole BALF determined total mineral and silica percentage and concentration. Group‐related differences in BALF mineral and silica load were investigated as well as associations with BALF cytology.ResultsIntracellular birefringent particles were increased in SEA vs MEA (median [interquartile range, IQR]), 12 [7] vs 4 [5] particles/30 high power fields [hpf], respectively; P = .01) and vs controls (4 [2] particles/30 hpf; P = .02). Total mineral concentration in BALF was similar between the groups studied, whereas silica concentration and percentage were increased in SEA vs MEA (1758 [887] particles/mL and 20 [10]% vs 867 [662] particles/mL and 8 [6]%; P = .009 and P = .001) and control group (355 [330] particles/mL and 6 [3]%; P = .0003 and P = .002). Silica load in BALF was associated with BALF neutrophilia in MEA and SEA.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRespirable silica is associated with neutrophilic lower airway inflammation in horses and might contribute to asthma development.
Comparison of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of apixaban and rivaroxaban in dogs
Authors: Lynch Alex M. , Ruterbories Laura K. , Zhu Yao , Fialkiewicz Frank , Papich Mark G. , Brooks Marjory B. , Goggs Robert 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundComparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) of apixaban and rivaroxaban have not been studied in dogs and the propensity of these drugs to cause hypercoagulability after discontinuation is unknown.HypothesisCompare the PK/PD of clinical dosing regimens of PO apixaban and rivaroxaban administered repeatedly to healthy dogs and assess the effect of abrupt drug discontinuation on coagulation.AnimalsSix University‐owned, purpose‐bred, middle‐aged, mixed‐breed dogs (4 male, 2 female).MethodsDogs were given apixaban or rivaroxaban PO at 0.5 mg/kg q12h for 7 days with a 14‐day washout period between drugs. Plasma drug concentrations were quantitated, and anticoagulant effects were measured using clotting times, calibrated anti‐Xa bioactivity assays, and measurements of thrombin generation. The potential for rebound hypercoagulability was assessed by measuring D‐dimers, thrombin‐antithrombin (TAT) complexes, and antithrombin activity after drug discontinuation.ResultsPlasma drug concentrations and anti‐Xa bioactivities were closely correlated for both drugs, but drug concentrations varied considerably among dogs, despite consistent dose regimens. Thrombin generation variables were significantly correlated with the anti‐Xa bioactivity of both drugs and no significant differences in the effects of apixaban and rivaroxaban on thrombin generation were observed. Drug discontinuation had no effect on D‐dimer concentrations. The concentration of TAT complexes decreased after apixaban discontinuation and did not change after rivaroxaban discontinuation.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceRepeated PO administration of apixaban or rivaroxaban to healthy dogs produced comparable anticoagulant effects measured by inhibition of thrombin formation. Rebound hypercoagulability after drug discontinuation was not observed and weaning of these drugs in clinical patients might not be necessary.
VmSpm1: a secretory protein from Valsa mali that targets apple's abscisic acid receptor MdPYL4 to suppress jasmonic acid signaling and enhance infection
Authors: Meng Yangguang , Xiao Yingzhu , Zhu Shan , Xu Liangsheng , Huang Lili 
Published: October 2024

Summary
Pathogenic fungi such as Valsa mali secrete effector proteins to manipulate host defenses and facilitate infection. Subtilases are identified as potential virulence factors, yet their specific roles in fruit tree pathogens, such as those affecting apple trees, are poorly understood.
Our research shows VmSpm1 as a virulence factor in V. mali. Knocking it out decreased virulence, whereas its heterologous expression in apple led to reduced disease resistance.
Using Y2H, BiFC, SLC, and Co‐IP techniques, we demonstrated an interaction between VmSpm1 and MdPYL4. MdPYL4 levels increased during V. mali infection. The stable transgenic apple lines inoculation experiment showed that MdPYL4 correlates with enhanced resistance to Apple Valsa canker when overexpressed in apples. Furthermore, through in vitro and in vivo assays, we showed the degradative role of VmSpm1 on MdPYL4. MdPYL4 promotes the synthesis of jasmonic acid (JA) in apples in an abscisic acid‐dependent manner. The degradation of MdPYL4 leads to a reduction in JA content in apples during V. mali infection, thereby impairing JA signal transduction and decreasing disease resistance in apple plants.
In summary, this study reveals how V. mali utilizes VmSpm1 to subvert JA signaling, shedding light on fungal manipulation of plant hormones to disrupt immunity.
The prognostic role of food addiction for weight loss treatment outcomes in individuals with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Halbeisen Georg , Pahlenkemper Marie , Sabel Luisa , Richardson Candice , Agüera Zaida , Fernandez‐Aranda Fernando , Paslakis Georgios 
Published: October 2024

SummaryFood addiction (FA) could be a potential prognostic factor of weight loss intervention outcomes. This systematic review with meta‐analysis aimed to (1) estimate this prognostic effect of FA diagnosis and symptom count in individuals with overweight or obesity and (2) explore potential sources of heterogeneity based on properties of the weight loss intervention, study, and sample (e.g., age, gender, ethnicity). We searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science for studies reporting on associations between pre‐intervention FA (assessed with the Yale Food Addiction Scale) and weight outcomes after weight loss intervention in individuals with overweight or obesity without a medically diagnosed eating disorder. Twenty‐five studies met inclusion criteria, including 4904 individuals (71% women, Mage = 41 years, BMI = 40.82 kg/m2), k = 18 correlations of weight loss with FA symptom count, and k = 21 mean differences between FA diagnosis groups. Pooled estimates of random‐effects meta‐analyses found limited support for a detrimental effect of FA symptom count and diagnosis on weight loss intervention outcomes. Negative associations with FA increased for behavioral weight loss interventions and among more ethnically diverse samples. More research on the interaction of FA with pre‐existing mental health problems and environmental factors is needed.
Genome‐Wide Association Study Revealed the Genetics of Seed Vigour Traits in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Mohanty Soumya Priyadarsinee , Azharudheen TP Muhammed , Anilkumar Chandrappa , Behera Sasmita , Pradhan Asit Kumar , Beena Radha , Chidambaranathan Parameswaran , Devanna Basavantraya N. , Marndi Bishnu Charan , Dash Sushanta Kumar , Meher Jitendriya , Sah Rameswar Prasad 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA crucial phenotypic attribute for breeding rice for direct seeded condition is rapid uniform germination and build‐up of biomass during the initial period of seedling establishment. Seed vigour constitutes such traits that have gained potential to meet the requirements of breeding for direct seeded rice. In the present study, a set of 295 markers, including 215 candidate gene‐derived markers covering all chromosome, was used to discover the casual alleles for eight rice seed vigour‐related traits. Using a mixed linear model, the study identified 99 significant associations for seed vigour traits. Many associated markers originated from diverse candidate genes in rice. Notably, alleles from genes like RSR1, OsSRS3 and OsSWEET15 exhibited pleiotropic effects, influencing multiple seed vigour traits. This discovery underscores the potential of certain genes to impact various facets of seed vigour simultaneously. The new candidate gene markers associated with seed vigour traits may be utilized to incorporate variable alleles for seed vigour traits through marker‐assisted breeding programmes. Markers identified to be closely associated with more than one trait have significant application in the simultaneous improvement of multiple traits.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Toward Breast Cancer and Breast Cancer Screening Among Arab Females in the Middle East: A Literature Review
Authors: Alduraidi Hamza , Tarazi Alaa , Theeb Laith , AlKasaji Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most diagnosed cancers in Arab countries. Lack of knowledge and awareness regarding breast cancer screening has increased the breast cancer‐related morbidity and mortality.PurposeThis literature review aimed to assess published research papers with a focus on the levels of knowledge, attitude, practice, and barriers of women in Arab countries of the Middle East toward breast cancer and its screening.MethodSCOPUS, MEDLINE, and Google Scholar were searched using specific terms for relevant, quantitative, original studies published between 2017 and 2022. All English articles that matched the inclusion criteria were included in this review. Fourteen studies focusing on knowledge, attitudes, and barriers regarding breast cancer were included. Two independent reviewers performed screening and extraction.ResultsAmong the reviewed studies, a range from 19.6% in Oman to 67% in Saudi Arabia had poor knowledge of breast cancer. Past personal or family history was a well‐recognized risk factor (n = 5), and being worried about the results was the most common barrier to screening. Although most women were aware of screening methods, the majority did not practice screening. Social media and the internet were the most used sources of information used by women to obtain knowledge regarding breast cancer and its screening (n = 6).ConclusionMost of the Arab female population had low levels of knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast cancer and its screening. Programs designed to raise awareness are necessary, and more policy changes must take place on the national level in Arab, Middle Eastern countries to address the low knowledge, the negative attitudes, and the limited access to breast cancer screening.
Earnings management before mergers and acquisitions: Evidence from the U.S. property‐casualty insurance industry
Authors: Che Xin , He Enya , Sommer David W. , Xie Xiaoying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the earnings management behavior of target insurers before mergers and acquisitions by investigating their reserving conservatism compared to control insurers. Contrary to the expectation that acquisition targets would manipulate their earnings to increase acquisition premiums, we find that target insurers are generally more conservative in their loss reserving practices before acquisitions than control firms. This finding provides support for the effectiveness of due diligence and the contractual risk shifting arguments, and the result holds regardless of whether acquirers are insurers or non‐insurers. Furthermore, we discover that target loss reserve conservatism is negatively associated with target CEO turnover post‐acquisition. In line with existing literature, we also find evidence suggesting that targets involved in stock acquisitions tend to adopt a less conservative reserving strategy than in deals that do not include stock payments.
Bringing the state back in: Populism and economic nationalism in Europe
Authors: Ganga Paula D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveEconomic nationalism has been on the rise for the past two decades. Scholars have also noted the shift away from globalization and deregulation toward a more prominent role of the state in the economy. I explore the role played by populist governments in the increased adoption of economic nationalism and in this return of the state. I argue that the populist worldview lends itself naturally to a consolidation of power—not just political, but also economic. This consolidation of economic power results in a more prominent state even in countries where the populist regime is a right‐leaning one.MethodsI test this argument quantitatively by analyzing governments in 30 European countries since 1990, levels of state ownership in the economy, and a battery of economic and political controls.ResultsThe election of a populist government is associated with a strengthening of state ownership in the economy.ConclusionI conclude with a discussion of the prospects for the future study of this populist economic agenda both domestically and internationally.
Firearms, families, and financial distress: Economic instability and increased gun desire
Authors: Sola Justin L. , Warner Tara D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe United States is a global leader in estimated rates of civilian gun ownership, and over the past few years—as the country grappled with a struggling economy exacerbated by a global pandemic—gun‐buying surged. We argue that the COVID‐19 pandemic's economic impact has implications for gun purchasing interest, and this intersects with gendered expectations about familial roles. Integrating sociological scholarship on gender and families with consumer behavior research, and using a preregistered online survey of over 8000 American adults collected in the early months of the pandemic's emergence in the United States (May 2020–June 2020), we hypothesize that men in familial roles may express greater gun interest in response to financial instability, and theorize why such a process may also be observed among women. Analyses show that men's gun interest is unaffected by family roles or financial distress. Women in family roles—mothers, in particular—who experience financial stress, however, are significantly more amenable toward guns than other women and express interest at levels approaching those of men. We discuss how such findings increase our understanding of the heterogeneity of gun owners.