bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A contrastive study of the phonology of Igbo and Yoruba
Authors: Eme Cecilia Amaoge , Uba Ebele Deborah 
Published: June 2016

This paper, a contrastive study of the phonology of Igbo and Yoruba, is aimed at finding out the phonological problems the Igbo learners of Yoruba and the Yoruba learners of Igbo will encounter in their learning Yoruba and Igbo, respectively, as their L2. Using existing works on the phonology of Igbo and Yoruba, the researchers compared the consonants, vowels and tonal systems of both languages. Igbo is made up of twentyeight consonants and eight oral vowels, while Yoruba has eighteen consonants, and twelve vowels comprising seven oral vowels and five nasal vowels. The contrastive analysis carried out evinced that there are some sounds in Igbo which are not present in Yoruba; also some sounds in Yoruba are not in Igbo. For example, /p kw gw v z η ηw η ɣ tƒ / are Igbo phonemes which Yoruba lacks. Another striking difference between the two languages is the presence of nasal vowels in Yoruba, / ĩ ε̃ ã ɔ̃ ũ/, which do not exist in Igbo. Also, /I/ and /℧/ are in Igbo and not in Yoruba, while /ε/ is present in Yoruba but absent in Igbo. Although both languages have high and low tones, Yoruba also has a mid tone while Igbo also has a downstep tone. Following the tenets of contrastive analysis (CA), these differences are presumed to constitute learning difficulties. To make the learning of these languages easy for our stated learners, all the predicted areas of difficulties must be properly handled by the language teachers to avert the manifestation of the predicted errors in the speech of the learners. This could be achieved by making the Igbo learners of Yoruba master the production of those Yoruba sounds they are not familiar with; and the Yoruba learners of Igbo to internalise how to produce those Igbo sounds that they are not familiar with. On the issue of tone, the students should be made to be conscious of the tonotactics of mid tone and downstep tone and apply them appropriately in their speech.
Interrogating social media in education: The case of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria Nigeria
Authors: Liman Rasheedah 
Published: June 2016

This paper examines the relationship between Social Media use and its educational and social impact on the undergraduate students of Ahmadu Bello University Zaria. It explores both the negative and positive dimensions of Social Media within the larger framework of New Media and higher education. The research draws on previous researches done with students, particularly in developed countries like the United States with the insight of highlighting the implications for students in Nigeria. Participatory Communication theory was used to ground the research and quantitative method is employed in order to collect data. The aim of the research is to provide an understanding of the usefulness and efficacy of Social Media in the educational enterprise in Nigeria.
Users’ attitudes towards personal health records
Authors: Khaneghah Peyman , Miguel-Cruz Antonio , Bentley Pamela , Liu Lili , Stroulia Eleni , Ferguson-Pell Martin 
Published: June 2016

SummaryPrevention and management of chronic conditions is a priority for many healthcare systems. Personal health records have been suggested to facilitate implementation of chronic care programs. However, patients’ attitude towards personal health records (PHRs) can significantly affect the adoption rates and use of PHRs.to evaluate the attitude of patients with Type II diabetes towards using a PHR to manage their condition.We used a cross-sectional exploratory pilot study. Fifty-four (54) patients used a PHR to monitor and record their blood glucose levels, diet, and activities for 30 days, and to communicate with their clinicians. At the end of the study, patients responded to a survey based on three constructs borrowed from different technology acceptance frameworks: relative advantage, job fit, and perceived usefulness. A multivariate predictive model was formed using partial least squaring technique (PLS) and the effect of each construct on the patients’ attitude towards system use was evaluated. Patients also participated in a semi-structured interview.We found a significant positive correlation between job fit and attitude (JF → ATT = +0.318, p<0.01). There was no statistical evidence of any moderating or mediating effect of other main constructs or any of the confounding factors (i.e., age, gender, time after diagnosed) on attitude.The attitude of patients towards using PHR in management of their diabetes was positive. Their attitude was mainly influenced by the extent to which the system helped them better perform activities and self-manage their condition.
Wildfires in northern Eurasia affect the budget of black carbon in the Arctic – a 12-year retrospective synopsis (2002–2013)
Authors: Evangeliou N. , Balkanski Y. , Hao W. M. , Petkov A. , Silverstein R. P. , Corley R. , Nordgren B. L. , Urbanski S. P. , Eckhardt S. , Stohl A. , Tunved P. , Crepinsek S. , Jefferson A. , Sharma S. , Nøjgaard J. K. , Skov H. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract. In recent decades much attention has been given to the Arctic environment, where climate change is happening rapidly. Black carbon (BC) has been shown to be a major component of Arctic pollution that also affects the radiative balance. In the present study, we focused on how vegetation fires that occurred in northern Eurasia during the period of 2002–2013 influenced the budget of BC in the Arctic. For simulating the transport of fire emissions from northern Eurasia to the Arctic, we adopted BC fire emission estimates developed independently by GFED3 (Global Fire Emissions Database) and FEI-NE (Fire Emission Inventory – northern Eurasia). Both datasets were based on fire locations and burned areas detected by MODIS (Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instruments on NASA's (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) Terra and Aqua satellites. Anthropogenic sources of BC were adopted from the MACCity (Monitoring Atmospheric Composition and Climate and megacity Zoom for the Environment) emission inventory.During the 12-year period, an average area of 250 000 km2 yr−1 was burned in northern Eurasia (FEI-NE) and the global emissions of BC ranged between 8.0 and 9.5 Tg yr−1 (FEI-NE+MACCity). For the BC emitted in the Northern Hemisphere (based on FEI-NE+MACCity), about 70 % originated from anthropogenic sources and the rest from biomass burning (BB). Using the FEI-NE+MACCity inventory, we found that 102 ± 29 kt yr−1 BC was deposited in the Arctic (defined here as the area north of 67° N) during the 12 years simulated, which was twice as much as when using the MACCity inventory (56 ± 8 kt yr−1). The annual mass of BC deposited in the Arctic from all sources (FEI-NE in northern Eurasia, MACCity elsewhere) is significantly higher by about 37 % in 2009 (78 vs. 57 kt yr−1) to 181 % in 2012 (153 vs. 54 kt yr−1), compared to the BC deposited using just the MACCity emission inventory. Deposition of BC in the Arctic from BB sources in the Northern Hemisphere thus represents 68 % of the BC deposited from all BC sources (the remaining being due to anthropogenic sources). Northern Eurasian vegetation fires (FEI-NE) contributed 85 % (79–91 %) to the BC deposited over the Arctic from all BB sources in the Northern Hemisphere.We estimate that about 46 % of the BC deposited over the Arctic from vegetation fires in northern Eurasia originated from Siberia, 6 % from Kazakhstan, 5 % from Europe, and about 1 % from Mongolia. The remaining 42 % originated from other areas in northern Eurasia. About 42 % of the BC released from northern Eurasian vegetation fires was deposited over the Arctic (annual average: 17 %) during spring and summer.
Property Rights and Sustainable Natural Resource Management
Authors: Poudel Krishna Lal , Johnson Thomas G. , Tewari Rachna 
Published: June 2016

<p class="emsd"><span lang="EN-GB">This paper reviews recent research articles in the field of property rights and natural resources management, with the goal of identifying the most effective policy measures to achieve sustainable resource management through well designed property rights. Scarcity of economic resources is a major cause of conflict in human society. Institutions impact the resilience of the environment, and the institutions which guide humans as they employ resources from the environment are therefore essential to sustainable resource management. Institutions which create and enforce property rights can control resource degradation and improve both economic and ecological efficiency. Property rights which lead to an equitable allocation of natural resources and delegation of management authority among stakeholders is the most likely pathway to sustainable ecosystem management. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the best system of property rights to achieve sustainability. The ‘best system’ is contextual and spatiotemporal dynamic. </span></p>
Flight Considerations and Hyperspectral Image Classifications for Dryland Vegetation Management from a Fixed-wing UAS
Authors: Mitchell Jessica , Glenn Nancy , Anderson Matthew , Hruska Ryan 
Published: June 2016

<p class="emsd"><span lang="EN-GB">Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)-based hyperspectral remote sensing capabilities developed by the Idaho National Lab and Boise Center Aerospace Lab were tested via demonstration flights that explored the influence of altitude on geometric error, image mosaicking, and dryland vegetation classification. The motivation for this study was to better understand the challenges associated with UAS-based hyperspectral data for distinguishing native grasses such as Sandberg bluegrass (<em>Poa secunda</em>) from invasives such as burr buttercup (<em>Ranunculus testiculatus)</em> in a shrubland environment. The test flights successfully acquired usable flightline data capable of supporting classifiable composite images. Unsupervised classification results support vegetation management objectives that rely on mapping shrub cover and distribution patterns. However, supervised classifications performed poorly despite spectral separability in the image-derived endmember pixels. In many cases, the supervised classifications accentuated noise or features in the mosaic that were artifacts of color balancing and feathering in areas of flightline overlap. Future UAS flight missions that optimize flight planning; minimize illumination differences between flightlines; and leverage ground reference data and time series analysis should be able to effectively distinguish native grasses such as Sandberg bluegrass from burr buttercup. </span></p>
Comparison of Phacoemulsification Cataract Surgery with Low versus Standard Fluidic Settings and the Impact on Postoperative Parameters
Authors: Chang Anthony , Fridberg Alexander , Kugelberg Maria 
Published: June 2016

Purpose To compare complications after cataract surgery using 2 different phacoemulsification fluidic settings. Methods One cataract surgeon (M.K.) performed phacoemulsification cataract surgery in one eye of 43 patients in this randomized prospective clinical study conducted at St. Erik Eye Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. The patients were randomized to phacoemulsification with low fluidic settings in one group and standard fluidic settings in the other group. Corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), central corneal thickness (CCT), endothelial cell density (ECD), anterior chamber flare, intraocular pressure (IOP), and macular thickness were measured preoperatively and postoperatively, with a final evaluation at 3 months. Surgical time, ultrasound energy, and amount of balanced saline solution used intraoperatively were recorded. Results Twenty-one patients were included in the group with standard settings and 22 patients were in the group with low settings. There were no significant differences between the groups in CDVA, CCT, flare, IOP, macular thickness, or ECD at 1 day, 3 weeks, or 3 months postoperatively. The surgical time was significantly (p = 0.009) longer and cumulative dissipated energy was significantly (p<0.001) higher in the group with low fluidic settings. Conclusions Although the surgical time and ECD were significantly higher in the group with low fluidic settings, there were no differences in the CCT, ECD, macular thickness, or inflammation postoperatively between the low and standard fluidic settings during phacoemulsification.
Scleral Buckling with a Noncontact Wide-Angle viewing System in the Management of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment
Authors: Yan Hua 
Published: June 2016

Purpose To introduce a modified scleral buckling surgery using noncontact wide-angle viewing system and intraocular illumination in the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) without proliferative retinopathy. Methods A modified scleral buckling surgery using noncontact wide-angle viewing system with a 25-G optic fiber through sclerotomy site was performed in 22 eyes of 22 patients with RRD. Twelve women and 10 men were included. The mean age was 49.23 ± 15.19 years. The mean refraction of myopia was -4 D (range -3 to -7 D). The mean duration of RRD was 6.64 ± 3.14 days. The preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) ranged from 0.02 to 0.8. Mean follow-up was 9.59 ± 2.24 months. Proliferative retinopathy was grade A in 8 eyes and grade B in 14 eyes. Results This surgery was performed successfully and retinal attachment was achieved in all eyes at the final follow-up. The postoperative BCVA increased in all eyes. No complication was encountered related to this technique. Conclusions This modified scleral buckling surgery brings a panoramic and upright view and easy surgical maneuvers. It may be an additional approach for the management of RRD.
Cullin-1 Promotes Cell Proliferation in Human Breast Cancer and is Related to Diabetes
Authors: Zhou Yun-Hai , Xia Jiazeng , Xu Wen-Huan , Zhu Xiqi , Wu Xiao-Hong , Hua Dong , Xing Chungen 
Published: June 2016

Aim Breast carcinoma (BCA) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are two major health problems in women and the general population. Cullin-1 is reported to be an important tumor-related protein involved in cell-cycle progression, signal transduction and transcription. The aim of this work is to investigate the role of Cullin-1 in the development of BCA and to find potential relationships between Cullin-1 and diabetes in BCA patients. Methods To evaluate the function of Cullin-1, we entered 168 patients with primary invasive BCA in this study. Pairs of BCA tissues and adjacent noncancerous tissues from these patients were collected between 2006 and 2008. We used immunohistochemistry to analyze the correlation between Cullin-1 expression and clinicopathological variables and patient survival. In addition, we investigated the role of Cullin-1 in BCA cell proliferation. Results Cullin-1 expression was upregulated in BCA tissues. Enhanced immunoreactivity for Cullin-1 in BCA tissues was inversely correlated with overall survival and disease-free survival, which suggested a poor prognosis in BCA patients. Strong expression of Cullin-1 was more frequently observed in patients with estrogen receptor negativity and HER2 positivity. We also found that Cullin-1 expression was increased in BCA patients with a previous diagnosis of diabetes. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that increased Cullin-1 expression is significantly correlated with poor prognosis in patients with BCA. Cullin-1 might regulate BCA cell proliferation through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Thus, Cullin-1 might be an important marker and a therapeutic target in BCA.
Retrograde Dissection of the Axillary Artery during Arteriogram via Arteriovenous Access
Authors: Patel Daven , Soundararajan Vinaya , Soundararajan Ramesh 
Published: June 2016

Introduction Retrograde arterial dissection is a recognized complication of endovascular intervention but has not been well reported especially in the context of dialysis arteriovenous access procedures. The management of this complication is also not well defined. Case presentation We report the case of an 80-year-old female with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis who developed an asymptomatic retrograde dissection of the left axillary artery during an arteriogram performed via a retrograde approach as part of access dysfunction evaluation. The condition was managed conservatively with no other intervention and close follow-up. No surgical intervention or stenting was needed in this case. Discussion Conservative management of retrograde arterial dissection in the arm may be a viable option especially in asymptomatic patients due to the nature of the injury. The force of blood flow in the antegrade direction limits the expansion of the false lumen and likely promotes the spontaneous healing of the vessel.
T.A.B.: Proposed New System for Graphic Standardization (And Sharing) of Clinical Histories of Bladder Cancer Patients
Authors: Dal Moro Fabrizio , Zattoni Filiberto 
Published: June 2016

Background and Aim Doctors usually report patients’ histories in three forms: on paper, as electronic files, or as slides. However, because accurate reporting of a long clinical history is difficult, especially in cases of chronic or long-term diseases, mistakes and misunderstandings can and do occur. We have developed and tested a template-based graphic system named T.A.B. (Talking About Bladder) to standardize the clinical histories of patients with bladder cancer (BC), focusing on non-muscle-invasive diseases. Methods By standardizing data inputs into a single template using a few simple symbols, the system can combine and overlap clinical, pathological, and therapeutic information. Results and Conclusions Our proposed system for reporting BC history could reduce the risk of missing important clinical information, especially in patients with long-term BC. This simple, immediate, and standardized system of reporting NMIBC medical history could facilitate both adherence to standards of care and assessment of care when treatment guidelines exist.
Transobturator Surgery in Presence of Corona Mortis: A Study in 13 Women
Authors: Castellani Daniele , Saldutto Pietro , Galica Vikiela , Masciovecchio Stefano , Galatioto Giuseppe Paradiso , Vicentini Carlo 
Published: June 2016

Purpose Severe and life-threatening bleeding has been reported in the literature after retropubic mid-urethral slings procedure, due to corona mortis damage. The aim of this study is to evaluate safety of transobturator passage of the tape in stress-urinary incontinence (SUI) correction and anchoring the mesh in pelvic-organ prolapse (POP) repair in the presence of corona mortis. Materials and methods Thirteen women with a pre-operatory contrast-enhanced abdominal multidetector computed tomography were prospectively enrolled in the study between January 2009 and December 2014. Eight women underwent a Monarc® and one a Spark® Sling System procedures for SUI correction, and three an Elevate® Anterior and Apical prolapse system and one a Perigee procedure to repair anterior/apical POP. All procedures were performed by a single experienced pelvic surgeon. Results Surgery was uneventful in all cases. No major bleeding was seen during surgery. No pelvic hematoma was identified 24 hours after the procedure. All women were discharged 1 day after surgery. Conclusions Transobturator surgery seems to be a safe way in the presence of the corona mortis. However, further studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
Assessing the Impact of Electronic Human Resource Management on Creation of Organizational Agility: A Study in the Bushehr Banks, Iran
Authors: Hamidianpour Fakhriyeh , Esmaeilpour Majid , Firoozi Habibeh 
Published: June 2016

<p>Agility is a series of capabilities and competencies, which can cause survival and growth of the organization in business environment. One of the approaches that help organizations to enhance agility is electronic human resource management (E-HRM) approach. The main objective of the present study is finding an answer for this issue that how one can use E-HRM approach to develop organizational agility. In this study that has been conducted using survey method, after review of foreign and domestic research literature and construction of conceptual model, a questionnaire would be provided and distributed among employees of bank branches of Bushehr City in Iran and finally, collected data from 315 questionnaires would be analyzed using structural equation modeling method. Obtained results from the study confirm the presented conceptual model and indicate that using electronic learning of human resources, electronic payment of human resources, human resources maintenance and electronic performance appraisal of human resources and also electronic human resource management (E-HRM) can affect organizational agility significantly in confidence level of 99%. In addition, effect of variables of Electronic employment of human resources and human resource communications on organizational agility has not been confirmed. </p>
Validation of the Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Instrument for the Detection of Salmonellae with SureTect Salmonella Species PCR Kit
Authors: Cloke Jonathan , Evans Katharine , Crabtree David , Hughes Annette , Simpson Helen 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Thermo Scientific SureTect™ Salmonella species real-time PCR assay is a rapid alternative method designed for the detection of salmonellae in a wide range of foods, animal feeds, and production-environment samples. The assay has previously been validated according to the AOAC Research Institute Performance Tested MethodsSM program using Thermo Scientific PikoReal™ PCR cycler and Thermo Scientific SureTect Software Performance Tested Method 051303). This report details the method-modification study performed to validate an updated assay format, utilizing a reduced target probe concentration and an extension of the PCR cycler platform to enable the use of the kit with a Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast PCR cycler and Applied Biosystems RapidFinder™ Express 2.0 software. During this validation study, a matrix study was conducted on a subset of the method's claimed matrixes, comparing the performance of the modified SureTect Salmonella species kit (a reduced target probe concentration with a 7500 Fast platform) to the reference method detailed in ISO 6579:2002. No significant difference by probability of detection statistical analysis was found between SureTect or International Organization for Standardization methods for any of the matrixes analyzed during the study. Inclusivity and exclusivity studies using the modified method demonstrated accurate results for the 117 Salmonella and 36 non-Salmonella strains tested. Multiple production lots of the newly formatted kit were evaluated and found to be consistent with the current assay. Robustness studies confirmed that the change to the kit had no impact on the assay's performance when alterations were made to method parameters having the greatest potential impact on assay performance.
Determination of Sterigmatocystin in Infant Cereals from Hangzhou, China
Authors: Liu Shaoying , Fan Jicai , Huang Xihui , Jin Quan , Zhu Guonian 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A simple method was developed for the determination of sterigmatocystin in infant cereals. The method consists of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) extraction approach and cleanup with an SPE HLB cartridge. After purification for separation and quantification of sterigmatocystin, HPLC with UV detection and diode-array detection (DAD) was used at sterigmatocystin levels &gt;10 μg/kg, whereas ultra-performance LC with electrospray ionization (ESI) and tandem MS (MS/MS) was used at levels &lt;10 μg/kg. The compound was determined by UV-DAD at 325 nm and by ESI-MS/MS in the positive ionization mode. Good r2 values (≥0.99) were found with both UV-DAD and ESI-MS/MS, and satisfactory recoveries (84.8–96.2%) of sterigmatocystin in infant cereals were demonstrated, with RSD values ≤11.43%. The developed analytical method was used for the determination of sterigmatocystin in infant cereals from Hangzhou, China.