bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Fibrillar Aggregates Formed by Pathogenic Pre-pro-vasopressin Mutants that Cause ADNDI
Authors: Vaizoglu Refika Dilara , Erdem Beril , Gul Mehmet , Acar Ceren , Ozdemirel Huseyin Ozgur , Saglar Ozer Emel , Mergen Hatice 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Aggregations of unfolded or misfolded proteins, both inside and outside cells, are implicated in numerous diseases, collectively known as amyloidosis. Particularly, autosomal dominant neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (ADNDI) is a rare disease caused by mutations in the AVP-NPII gene, leading to the inability to secrete arginine vasopressin. These misfolded proteins accumulate within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), causing cellular dysfunction.

Objective
This study aimed to investigate the formation of amyloid-like aggregates within the cell resulting from misfolded mutant precursor proteins, which induce disulfide-linked oligomers due to the G45C, 207_209delGGC, G88V, C98X, C104F, E108D-1, E108D-2 and R122H mutations identified by our group in the AVP-NPII gene of ADNDI patients.

Methods
Deglycosylation studies were performed to analyze the glycosylation patterns of mutant protein precursors. The involvement of these precursors in the ER-related degradation pathway was studied by conducting protease inhibition experiments. Disulfide-linked oligomer analysis determined the oligomerization status of the mutant precursors. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy studies provided evidence of aggregate structures in the ER lumen. In vitro studies involved bacterial expression and fibril formation in Escherichia coli (E. coli).

Results
Our findings demonstrated that the N-glycan structure of mutant precursors remains intact within the ER. Protease inhibition experiments indicated the involvement of these precursors in the ER-related degradation pathway. Disulfide-linked oligomer analysis revealed homo-oligomer structures in mutations. Immunofluorescence and electron microscopy studies confirmed the presence of aggregate structures in the ER lumen. In vitro studies showed that mutant precursors could form fibril structures in E. coli.

Conclusion
Our study may support the idea that ADNDI belongs to the group of neurodegenerative diseases due to the formation of fibrillar amyloid aggregates in the cell.
A Long Way to Find a Small Tumor: The Hunt for an Insulinoma
Authors: Arjunan Durairaj , Grossman Ashley B , Singh Harmandeep , Rai Rakesh , Bal Amanjit , Dutta Pinaki 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We report a case of a 35–year-old woman with recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Biochemical investigation was suggestive of hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, and hence a provisional diagnosis of insulinoma was made. Despite extensive investigation using magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound, and 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning, the tumor could not be localized. Long-distance travel allowed her to undergo a 68Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT scan that identified a lesion in the uncinate process of the pancreas, subsequently confirmed by intraoperative ultrasound. Enucleation of the 1.5-cm lesion was performed, and histopathology confirmed a well-differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Postoperatively, the patient has remained free of hypoglycemic episodes and has shown normalization of glucose levels. This case underscores the efficacy of 68Ga-Exendin-4 PET/CT in the localization of an occult insulinoma, facilitating timely and curative surgical intervention, and the importance of patients having access to such a facility when not locally available.
A Randomized Controlled Trial of Adding Deep Parasternal Intercostal Plane Block to Interpectoral-Pectoserratus Plane Block in Breast Cancer Surgery
Authors: Gu Bin , Huang Zhang-Xiang , Zhou Hui-Dan , Lian Yan-Hong , He Shuang , Ge Meng , Jiang Hui-Fang 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
The interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block is expected to anesthetize the lateral breast, but it is unclear whether the deep parasternal intercostal plane block may enhance recovery by providing analgesia to the medial breast.

METHODS:
Patients undergoing breast cancer surgery were randomly assigned to receive either the interpectoral-pectoserratus block (single block) or interpectoral-pectoserratus combined with deep parasternal intercostal block (combined block). The primary outcome was the quality of recovery-15 questionnaire score assessed at 24 hours postoperatively. Secondary measures included dermatomal block assessment, pain severity, opioid consumption, opioid-related adverse events, hospital length of stay, and chronic postsurgical pain at 3 months after surgery.

RESULTS:
One hundred and sixteen patients were recruited, 58 in the single block group and 58 in the combined block group. There was no important difference in the 24-hour quality of recovery scores with mean (standard deviation [SD]) 123.6 (6.3) in the single block group and 123.2 (7.1) in the combined block group (mean difference, 0.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], −2.0 to 2.9; P =.731). There was greater dermatomal block on medial breast in the combined block group. There were no differences in other secondary outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS:
Addition of deep parasternal intercostal plane block was not superior to interpectoral-pectoserratus plane block alone for the quality of recovery in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery.
Measuring maximum heart rate to study cardiac thermal performance and heat tolerance in fishes
Authors: Gilbert Matthew J. H. , Hardison Emily A. , Farrell Anthony P. , Eliason Erika J. , Anttila Katja 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
The thermal sensitivity of heart rate (fH) in fishes has fascinated comparative physiologists for well over a century. We now know that elevating fH is the primary mechanism through which fishes increase convective oxygen delivery during warming to meet the concomitant rise in tissue oxygen consumption. Thus, limits on fH can constrain whole-animal aerobic metabolism. In this Review, we discuss an increasingly popular methodology to study these limits, the measurement of pharmacologically induced maximum fH (fH,max) during acute warming of an anaesthetized fish. During acute warming, fH,max increases exponentially over moderate temperatures (Q10∼2–3), but this response is blunted with further warming (Q10∼1–2), with fH,max ultimately reaching a peak (Q10≤1) and the heartbeat becoming arrhythmic. Because the temperatures at which these transitions occur commonly align with whole-animal optimum and critical temperatures (e.g. aerobic scope and the critical thermal maximum), they can be valuable indicators of thermal performance. The method can be performed simultaneously on multiple individuals over a few hours and across a broad size range (&lt;1 to &gt;6000 g) with compact equipment. This simplicity and high throughput make it tractable in lab and field settings and enable large experimental designs that would otherwise be impractical. As with all reductionist approaches, the method does have limitations. Namely, it requires anaesthesia and pharmacological removal of extrinsic cardiac regulation. Nonetheless, the method has proven particularly effective in the study of patterns and limits of thermal plasticity and holds promise for helping to predict and mitigate outcomes of environmental change.
Pregnancy outcome following various doses of antioxidants such as Vitamin E supplementation – current state of knowledge
Authors: Skalska-Dziobek Nina , Małagocka Weronika , Chybowska Karolina , Rozpłoch-Sapa Maria , Orłowski Mateusz , Naruszewicz Maria , Midro Aleksandra , Cetnarowski Przemysław , Zagórski Karol , Kozik Mateusz 
Published: October 2024

Introduction and purpose: Vitamin E is an antioxidant substance. It has been noted that the pathomechanism of many diseases in pregnancy is rooted in oxidative stress. Much of them have an incompletely understood mechanism, and thus treatment is not as effective. Vitamin E is a readily available and important antioxidant. It is reasonable to investigate whether there are links between supplementation with this vitamin and improved outcomes of conditions in pregnant women. Conditions such as preeclampsia (also in a group of women with type 1 diabetes), preterm premature rupture of membranes, spontaneous preterm birth, respiratory diseases were considered.
Material and method: The literature was reviewed in the Pubmed database, GoogleScholar, in the Via Medica journal database, the positions of the Polish gynecological society with the use of keywords.
State of knowledge: According to the cited studies, routine use of vitamin E in combination with other supplements has no discernible benefit. No differences were found in groups taking antioxidants from placebo groups in the context of pregnancy diseases. There were side effects of supplementation and for this reason supplementation with this antioxidant should not be ordered without clear indications.
Conclusions: The information gathered does not indicate the usefulness of vitamin E supplementation in pregnancy. The issue of the use of antioxidants in the fight against diseases that occur during pregnancy requires further research.
The characteristics and clinical course of patients with melioidosis and cancer
Authors: Shukla Tej , Smith Simon , Johnstone Kristoffer , Donald Patrick , Hanson Josh 
Published: October 2024

Background
Patients with an active cancer are more likely to develop melioidosis, but the characteristics and clinical course of melioidosis in patients with cancer have not been examined in detail. Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis is prescribed to prevent melioidosis in patients receiving immune suppressing anti-cancer therapy in some jurisdictions–and is recommended in national Australian guidelines–however the risks and benefits of this strategy are incompletely defined.

Methods
The study took place in Far North Queensland (FNQ) in tropical Australia. The characteristics and clinical course of patients with melioidosis diagnosed in the FNQ region between January 1, 1998, and June 1, 2023, who had–and did not have–an active cancer were compared. We also determined the subsequent incidence of melioidosis in patients receiving immune suppressing anti-cancer therapy in the FNQ region between January 1, 2008, and June 1, 2023, who did–and did not–receive TMP-SMX chemoprophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii infection.

Results
An active cancer was present in 47/446 (11%) cases of melioidosis diagnosed between January 1, 1998, and June 1, 2023; there was no association between melioidosis and any cancer type. Patients with melioidosis and cancer were more likely to be older (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05 (1.03–1.08) P<0.0001) and immunosuppressed (OR (95% CI): 11.54 (5.41–24.6), p<0.0001) than patients without cancer. Immune suppressing anti-cancer therapy had been prescribed to 17/47 (36%) in the 12 months prior to their diagnosis of melioidosis. Only 10/47 (21%) with cancer and melioidosis in the cohort had received no immune suppressing anti-cancer therapy and had no other risk factors for melioidosis. Twelve months after the diagnosis of melioidosis, 25/47 (53%) were still alive; 9/22 (41%) deaths were due to melioidosis and 13/22 (59%) were due to the underlying cancer.
Between 2008 and June 2023, there were 4400 individuals who received myelosuppressive anti-cancer therapy in the FNQ region. There was no significant difference in the incidence of melioidosis between patients who did–and did not–receive TMP-SMX chemoprophylaxis with their myelosuppressive anti-cancer therapy (1/737 (0.15%) versus 16/3663 (0.44%); relative risk (95% confidence interval): 0.31 (0.04–2.34), p = 0.20) and no significant difference in the incidence of fatal melioidosis (0/737 versus 3/3663 (0.08%), p = 0.58).

Conclusions
Patients with cancer are predisposed to developing melioidosis and immune suppressing anti-cancer therapy increases this risk further. However, in this region of Australia, there was no significant difference in the subsequent development of melioidosis in patients who did–and did not–receive TMP-SMX chemoprophylaxis during their myelosuppressive anti-cancer therapy.
Evaluation of general anesthesia protocols for a highly controlled cardiac ischemia-reperfusion model in mice
Authors: Leon Christelle , Ruelle Alice , Geoffray Juliette , Augeul Lionel , Vogt Catherine , Chiari Pascal , Gomez Ludovic , Ovize Michel , Bidaux Gabriel , Pillot Bruno 
Published: October 2024

Background
The aim of our study was to test different anesthetic mixtures in order to identify the most suitable one for a surgical cardiac ischemia-reperfusion model in mice.

Methods
1) Sixty four mice were submitted to one of the 6 combinations of ketamine or alfaxalone associated to xylazine, medetomidine or midazolam. Depth and quality of anesthesia were evaluated via 5 reflex scores. 2) Impact of analgesic (buprenorphine or butorphanol), anesthesia reversal (with atipamezole) and surgery (cardiac ischemia-reperfusion surgery) have been tested in the selected protocols. 3) infarction size has been measured with TTC (Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride) method in mice anesthetized with best protocols.

Results
Protocol involving medetomidine induced the longest surgical anesthesia: (median = 120, {interquartile range = 100–125}) min with ketamine and 53 {25–100} min with alfaxalone. Butorphanol substitution with buprenorphine did not alter time-related anesthesia parameters. Atipamezole reversal considerably reduced both recovery and immobilization time (respectively 22 {18–30} min and 98 {88–99} min vs. 55 {40–70} min and 143 {131–149} min, in groups with no reversal, p = 0.001) with no impact on infarction size measurement.

Conclusion
In this study, the combination alfaxalone/medetomidine/buprenorphine (80/0,3/0,075 mg.kg-1, s.c.) associated with reversal by atipamezole was a reliable anesthetic protocol for murine surgery, particularly for the study of ischemia-reperfusion.
Research on anti-swing control system of slewing crane based on fuzzy PID
Authors: Xu Manman , Liu Lei , Wang Jiajun , Wu Yonghong , Wang Xiangdong , Liu Yongming 
Published: October 2024

Background
The slewing crane is easily affected by the wind and the manipulation level of the operator when it is working, which in turn impacts its swing angle, affects the working efficiency and safety of the crane.

Objective
Toimprove the operation safety andreduce the swing angle, this study design and research the anti-swing control system for the slewing crane.

Methods
Firstly, based on the Lagrange equation, the dynamic model of the crane hoisting system is established. Then, the mechanical anti-swing mechanism driven by a four-motor rope is established. Finally, based on fuzzy PID control, an anti-swing platform is established, and the performance of anti-swing control is verified.

Results
Compared to no anti-swing control, the in-plane swing angle θ1 and out-of-plane swing angle θ2 of the lifting arm are reduced by 88% and 75% respectively.

Conclusion
The results show that the four-motor rope-driven anti-swing mechanism can achieve better anti-swing effect, which provides an effective swing suppression method for the slewing crane in the actual operation.
Impact of marginalization on characteristics and healthcare utilization among people with substance use disorder in Ontario, Canada, before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Chu Cherry , Khan Bilal , Thiruchelvam Deva , Brual Janette , Abejirinde Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade , Kthupi Altea , Tadrous Mina 
Published: October 2024

Objective
To describe and compare the characteristics of people with SUD and their use of healthcare services in two ways: 1) across varying levels of marginalization and 2) before and during the pandemic.

Methods
We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study using administrative data from Ontario, Canada. We included individuals age 16+ with a recorded diagnosis of SUD between June 2018–2019 (pre-pandemic) and June 2021–2022 (during-pandemic). Baseline sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and use of healthcare services were enumerated across the five quintiles of the Ontario Marginalization Index.

Results
259,497 pre-pandemic and 276,459 during-pandemic people with SUD were identified. Over 40% belonged to the two highest marginalization quintiles (Q4/Q5). Most had an outpatient visit with similar percentages across quintiles, however the number of visits increased with increasing marginalization (pre-pandemic: mean 8.5 visits in Q1 vs 13.0 visits in Q5; during-pandemic: mean 9.5 in Q1 vs 13.4 in Q5). There was no consistent pattern in percent of people who sought alcohol-related outpatient care, however more marginalized people sought drug-related outpatient care (pre-pandemic: 19.1% in Q1 vs 31.7% in Q5; during-pandemic: 18.7% in Q1 vs 32.5% in Q5). Almost half of people with SUD had an emergency department (ED) visit, of which more belonged to higher marginalization quintiles (pre-pandemic: 43.5% in Q1 vs 49.8% in Q5; during-pandemic: 41.4% in Q1 vs 49.3% in Q5).

Conclusions
SUD prevalence and most health service utilization remained similar from pre- to during-pandemic. Increasing marginalization was associated with increased use of healthcare among people with SUD. Future research should aim to further explore the complex relationship between marginalization and substance use.
Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an Urdu version of the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX-U) scale
Authors: Naqvi Atta Abbas , Islam Md. Ashraful , Jahangir Amnah , Rizvi Mehwish , Iffat Wajiha , Aftab Muhammad Tariq , Martin Leslie R. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Martin and Petrie developed the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale with an aim to document general vaccination attitudes. Vaccine acceptance plays an important role in curbing COVID-19 infections. Thus, it was important to assess vaccination attitudes of Pakistani people towards novel COVID-19 vaccines. The VAX scale was not available in Urdu language for Pakistani population.

Aim
The study aimed to carry out cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an Urdu version of the Vaccine Attitude Examination (VAX) scale in a selected population sample from Pakistan.

Methods
A cross sectional study was conducted in September 2021 in an outpatient department of a healthcare facility in Karachi, Pakistan. Adult visitors, eligible for COVID-19 vaccine and spoke Urdu as first language were invited. Convenient sampling was used, and sample size was based on an item response ratio of 1:20. An Urdu version of the VAX scale was developed. The reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The model fitness was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and fit indices namely goodness of fit index (GFI), adjusted goodness of fit index (AGFI), Tucker Lewis index (TLI), comparative fit index (CFI), and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA). A structural equation model (SEM) was also developed. IBM SPSS and AMOS were used to analyse the data. The study had ethical clearance.

Results
A total of 211 responses were analysed. The reliability (Cronbach’s α) was 0.821. The ICC was 0.831 (95% CI: 0.795–0.863). CFA using a 4-factor model revealed the following values for fit indices; GFI = 0.944, AGFI = 0.909, TLI = 0.953, CFI = 0.966, and RMSEA = 0.051. All values reported were in the acceptable range.

Conclusion
The VAX Urdu version is a reliable and valid instrument for use in an Urdu speaking population and will enable clinicians to assess the public’s attitude towards general vaccination including COVID-19 vaccination. Clinicians can use the VAX-U to document a person’s vaccine hesitancy and tailor their counselling to address the issues in vaccine uptake.
Risk-enhancing factors and social determinants of health in risk assessment for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
Authors: Zhang Yiyi , An Jaejin , Xia Mengying , Zhou Hui , Sun Yifei , Chung Joanie , Zhou Mengnan , Choi Soon Kyu , Morrissette Kerresa L. , Muntner Paul , Safford Monika M. , Isasi Carmen R. , Kanaya Alka M. , Bellows Brandon K. , Colantonio Lisandro D. , Reynolds Kristi , Moran Andrew E. 
Published: October 2024

Background
The Pooled Cohort Equations (PCEs) do not accurately estimate atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk in certain populations. The 2018 AHA/ACC cholesterol guideline identified risk-enhancing factors as a supplement to PCEs-based risk assessment. However, the role of each risk-enhancing factor in ASCVD risk assessment has not been well quantified. Further, social determinants of health (SDOH) are not included in the PCEs nor considered as risk-enhancing factors in the US cholesterol guideline. We sought to evaluate ASCVD risk associated with each risk-enhancing factor and commonly collected SDOH including education, income, and employment status, and to assess if adding risk-enhancing factors and SDOH to the PCEs improve ASCVD risk prediction.

Methods
We included individuals aged 40 to 75 years, without ASCVD or diabetes at baseline, and with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol 70–189 mg/dL from two contemporary prospective cohort studies (MESA and REGARDS) and from Kaiser Permanente Southern California (KPSC). The primary endpoint was incident ASCVD defined as nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal coronary heart disease, or fatal or nonfatal stroke over a 10-year period (median follow-up 10 years). We used Cox proportional hazards models to estimate associations between risk-enhancing factors and SDOH with ASCVD. We also assessed changes in model performance after adding risk-enhancing factors and SDOH to the PCEs.

Results
We included 13,863 adults (mean age 60.7 years) from the prospective cohorts and 307,931 adults (mean age 54.8 years) from KPSC. Risk-enhancing factors including hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease were associated with a higher ASCVD risk, independent of 10-year risk estimated by the PCEs. Low education, low income, and unemployment were also associated with higher ASCVD risk. While adding individual risk-enhancing factors or SDOH to the PCEs had limited impact on model performance, adding multiple risk-enhancing factors and SDOH simultaneously led to modest improvements in discrimination (C-index increased by up to 0.07), calibration (integrated Brier score reduced by up to 2.3%), and net reclassification improvement up to 41.4%.

Conclusions
These findings suggest including SDOH and risk-enhancing factors may improve ASCVD risk assessment.