bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Embodied situatedness and emotional entanglement in research – An autoethnographic hybrid inquiry into the experience of doing data analysis
Authors: Bager‐Charleson Sofie , Kasap Zeynep 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn clinical practice, counsellors and psychotherapists rely heavily on their emotional and embodied responses as part of their data gathering. What happens with this epistemological positioning when we generate knowledge in therapy research? Aim: As therapists– researchers, we are intrigued by what Bondi (2012, Qualitative Inquiry, 19, 9) refers to as a gap between therapeutic practice and research. There are many angles to this ‘gap’, but we have focused on the how to conceptualise and act on our embodied responses during our data analysis phase, with an interest in the emotional entanglement between researchers and the researched.Materials & MethodsThere is relatively little written about therapists’ relational, emotional or embodied response during the data analysis stage. Using some experiences from a recent mixed‐method study into the impact of training on multilingual therapists, we will revisit our research process within an autoethnographic hybrid (Stanley 2013) approach, influenced by introspective and intersubjective reflexivity (Finlay and Gough, 2003, Reflexivity: A practical guide. London: Blackwell) with personal experience as a route through which to produce academic knowledge.ResultsThe study involved emotional entanglement on different levels; linguistically, personally and as an underpinning grappling with worldviews in light of the researchers’ different epistemic origins.Concluding DiscussionBeing in a no‐mans‐land between old and new understandings triggered a sense of loss of theory and challenged temporarily our sense of selves. Bion (1961, Learning from experience. London: Karnac) and Gendlin (1997, A process model. New York: Focusing Institute) are examples of ‘frameworks’ which helped to welcome the feeling of lost‐ness, rather than feeling threatened and overwhelmed. The process reminds of the epistemic positioning we learn to adopt in our therapeutic practice. Gendlin (1997) refers to this kind ‘staying with’ the ‘body‐feel’ as means of generating new understandings. The purpose of this article has not been to offer a step by‐step approach to data analysis, but rather to join Stanley's (2013, Journal of Contemporary Ethnography, 44, 143) ‘call for accounts’ about what it feels like to do research. Some stages involved excitement, growth, harmony and enrichment, other felt surprisingly unsettling as our own prior understanding expanded. This article only scrapes the surface but might stimulate further discussions around the researcher's use of self at different stages of the process. Therapists are increasingly encouraged to develop research informed practice; this article suggests that our attention also turns to practice informed research, to create platforms for discussions around emotional entanglement with greater epistemic congruence between relational, emotionally attuned practice for both therapists and researcher.
Expanding the Scope of Metabolic Glycan Labeling in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Zhu Yuntao , Chen Xing 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMetabolic glycan labeling (MGL) has gained wide utility and has become a useful tool for probing glycosylation in living systems. For the past three decades, the development and application of MGL have mostly focused on animal glycosylation. Recently, exploiting MGL for studying plant glycosylation has gained interest. Here, we describe a systematic evaluation of MGL for fluorescence imaging of root glycans in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nineteen monosaccharide analogues containing a bioorthogonal group (azide, alkyne, or cyclopropene) were synthesized and evaluated for metabolic incorporation into root glycans. Among these unnatural sugars, 14 (including three new compounds) were evaluated in plants for the first time. Our results showed that five unnatural sugars metabolically labeled root glycans efficiently, and enabled fluorescence imaging by bioorthogonal conjugation with fluorophores. We optimized the experimental procedures for MGL in Arabidopsis. Finally, distinct distribution patterns of the newly synthesized glycans were observed along the root developmental zones, thus indicating regulated biosynthesis of glycans during root development. We envision that MGL will find broad applications in plant glycobiology.
Poly(ethyleneimine)‐tethered Ir Complex Catalyst Immobilized in Titanate Nanotubes for Hydrogenation of CO2 to Formic Acid
Authors: Kuwahara Yasutaka , Fujie Yuki , Yamashita Hiromi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractProduction of formic acid (FA) by hydrogenation of CO2 using a ternary hybrid catalyst, poly(ethyleneimine)‐tethered Ir‐iminophosphine complex (Ir‐PN‐PEI) immobilized in titanate nanotubes (TNTs), is reported. On the basis of comprehensive structural analyses, we show that Ir‐PN‐PEI is tightly immobilized within the cavity space of TNT without affecting the electronic/coordination states of Ir atoms. Liquid‐phase CO2 hydrogenation under pressurized CO2 and H2 demonstrates that the Ir‐PN‐PEI catalyst immobilized in Na+‐type TNT exhibits the highest FA yields (TON>1000 for 20 h under mild reaction conditions (2.0 MPa, 140 °C)) and improved reusability, which far outperform those of unimmobilized prototype Ir‐PN‐PEI. The improved catalytic performance is attributed to the ability of TNT to efficiently capture CO2 and to stabilize PEI, with Na+‐type TNT with higher basic property providing a more productive effect. The catalyst is reusable over multiple cycles with activity comparable to those of heterogeneous catalysts previously reported, rendering this material suitable for efficient transformation of CO2 into FA.
A Bioinspired Organocatalytic Cascade for the Selective Oxidation of Amines under Air
Authors: Largeron Martine , Fleury Maurice‐Bernard 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA bioinspired organocatalytic cascade reaction for the selective aerobic oxidative cross‐coupling of primary amines to imines is described. This approach takes advantages of commercially available pyrogallol monomeric precursor to deliver low loadings of natural purpurogallin in situ, under air. This is further engaged in a catalytic process with the amine substrate affording, under single turnover, the active biomimetic quinonoid organocatalyst and the homocoupled imine intermediate, which is then converted into cross‐coupled imine after dynamic transimination. This organocatalytic cascade inspired by both purpurogallin biosynthesis and copper amine oxidases allows the aerobic oxidation of non‐activated primary amines that non‐enzymatic organocatalysts were not able to accomplish alone.
Fenton‐RAFT Polymerization: An “On‐Demand” Chain‐Growth Method
Authors: Reyhani Amin , McKenzie Thomas G. , Ranji‐Burachaloo Hadi , Fu Qiang , Qiao Greg G. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractFine control over the architecture and/or microstructure of synthetic polymers is fast becoming a reality owing to the development of efficient and versatile polymerization techniques and conjugation reactions. However, the transition of these syntheses to automated, programmable, and high‐throughput operating systems is a challenging step needed to translate the vast potential of precision polymers into machine‐programmable polymers for biological and functional applications. Chain‐growth polymerizations are particularly appealing for their ability to form structurally and chemically well‐defined macromolecules through living/controlled polymerization techniques. Even using the latest polymerization technologies, the macromolecular engineering of complex functional materials often requires multi‐step syntheses and purification of intermediates, and results in sub‐optimal yields. To develop a proof‐of‐concept of a framework polymerization technique that is readily amenable to automation requires several key characteristics. In this study, a new approach is described that is believed to meet these requirements, thus opening avenues toward automated polymer synthesis.
Computational Approach to Measuring Myocyte Disarray in Animal Models of Heart Disease
Authors: Wan William , Leinwand Leslie 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn cardiovascular disease research, studies often include measuring cardiac function and performing histological examination of heart tissue. After measuring contractility, hearts from animals such as mice and rats are often frozen or fixed, sliced, and stained to quantify the morphology of various structures such as extracellular matrix proteins, cell nuclei, and F‐actin. Traditional scoring methods have largely consisted of assessing sections of images for the presence or absence of myocyte disarray. These approaches require unbiased manual assessment, which can require extra personnel, and are not scalable to the quantity of data that can be generated by modern automated experimental techniques. Here, we describe an automated image analysis approach for unbiased numerical measurement of myocyte disarray. We provide step‐by‐step instructions for image preparation as well as a basic Matlab script for measurements. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
3 D Network‐Structured Crumpled Graphene/Carbon Nanotube/Polyaniline Composites for Supercapacitors
Authors: Jo Eun H. , Jang Hee D. , Chang Hankwon , Kim Sun K. , Choi Ji‐Hyuk , Lee Chong M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCrumpled graphene (CGR) is considered a promising supercapacitor material to achieve high power and energy density because it could overcome the disadvantages of 2 D GR sheets such as aggregation during the electrode fabrication process, reduction of the available surface area, and limitation of the electron and ion transport. Even though CGR shows good results, carbon materials are limited in terms of their capacitance performance. Here, we report highly enhanced supercapacitor materials by fabricating a 3 D composite containing CGR, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and polyaniline (PANI). The CNTs increased the basal spacing and bridged the defects for electron transfer between the GR sheets in CGR. PANI can enhance the rate of conduction of electrons and offer high pseudocapacitance originating from its redox reactions. The synergistic effect of the CNTs and PANI may also result in a higher electrochemical capacitance and better stability than each individual component as electrode materials for supercapacitors in a two‐electrode system. More importantly, the performance of the supercapacitors can be further enhanced by employing 2 D GR as the binder for the composite electrodes, resulting in specific capacitance of 456 F g−1, rate capability of 89 %, and cyclic stability of 97 % after 1000 cycles.
Electrical circuits RC, LC, and RL described by Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivatives
Authors: Gómez‐Aguilar J. F. , Atangana Abdon , Morales‐Delgado V. F. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryIn this paper, the analytical solutions for the electrical series circuits RC, LC, and RL using novel fractional derivatives of type Atangana–Baleanu with non‐singular and nonlocal kernel in Liouville–Caputo and Riemann–Liouville sense were obtained. The fractional equations in the time domain are considered derivatives in the range α∈(0;1]; analytical solutions are presented considering different source terms introduced in the fractional equation. We solved analytically the fractional equation using the properties of Laplace transform operator together with the convolution theorem. On the basis of the Mittag–Leffler function, new behaviors for the voltage and current were obtained; the classical cases are recovered when α=1. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Resistance and resilience of root fungal communities to water limitation in a temperate agroecosystem
Authors: Furze Jessie R. , Martin Adam R. , Nasielski Joshua , Thevathasan Naresh V. , Gordon Andrew M. , Isaac Marney E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractUnderstanding crop resilience to environmental stress is critical in predicting the consequences of global climate change for agricultural systems worldwide, but to date studies addressing crop resiliency have focused primarily on plant physiological and molecular responses. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form mutualisms with many crop species, and these relationships are key in mitigating the effects of abiotic stress in many agricultural systems. However, to date there is little research examining whether (1) fungal community structure in agroecosystems is resistant to changing environmental conditions, specifically water limitation and (2) resilience of fungal community structure is moderated by agricultural management systems, namely the integration of trees into cropping systems. Here, we address these uncertainties through a rainfall reduction field experiment that manipulated short‐term water availability in a soybean‐based (Glycine max L. Merr.) agroforest in Southern Ontario, Canada. We employed terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to determine the molecular diversity of both general fungal and AMF communities in soybean roots under no stress, stress (rainfall shelters added), and poststress (rainfall shelters removed). We found that general fungal and AMF communities sampled from soybean roots were resistant to rainfall reduction in a monoculture, but not in an agroforest. While AMF communities were unchanged after stress removal, general fungal communities were significantly different poststress in the agroforest, indicating a capacity for resiliency. Our study indicates that generalist fungi and AMF are responsive to changes in environmental conditions and that agroecosystem management plays a key role in the resistance and resilience of fungal communities to water limitation.
Copy number variation in a hospital‐based cohort of children with epilepsy
Authors: Vlaskamp Danique R. M. , Callenbach Petra M. C. , Rump Patrick , Giannini Lucia A. A. , Dijkhuizen Trijnie , Brouwer Oebele F. , van Ravenswaaij‐Arts Conny M. A. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryObjectiveTo evaluate the diagnostic yield of microarray analysis in a hospital‐based cohort of children with seizures and to identify novel candidate genes and susceptibility loci for epilepsy.MethodsOf all children who presented with their first seizure in the University Medical Center Groningen (January 2000 through May 2013) (n = 1,368), we included 226 (17%) children who underwent microarray analysis before June 2014. All 226 children had a definite diagnosis of epilepsy. All their copy number variants (CNVs) on chromosomes 1–22 and X that contain protein‐coding genes and have a prevalence of <1% in healthy controls were evaluated for their pathogenicity.ResultsChildren selected for microarray analysis more often had developmental problems (82% vs. 25%, p < 0.001), facial dysmorphisms (49% vs. 8%, p < 0.001), or behavioral problems (41% vs. 13%, p < 0.001) than children who were not selected. We found known clinically relevant CNVs for epilepsy in 24 of the 226 children (11%). Seventeen of these 24 children had been diagnosed with symptomatic focal epilepsy not otherwise specified (71%) and five with West syndrome (21%). Of these 24 children, many had developmental problems (100%), behavioral problems (54%) or facial dysmorphisms (46%). We further identified five novel CNVs comprising four potential candidate genes for epilepsy: MYT1L, UNC5D, SCN4B, and NRXN3.SignificanceThe 11% yield in our hospital‐based cohort underscores the importance of microarray analysis in diagnostic evaluation of children with epilepsy.
A generalised finite difference scheme based on compact integrated radial basis function for flow in heterogeneous soils
Authors: Ngo‐Cong D. , Tien C. M. T. , Nguyen‐Ky T. , An‐Vo D.‐A. , Mai‐Duy N. , Strunin D. V. , Tran‐Cong T. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryIn the present paper, we develop a generalised finite difference approach based on compact integrated radial basis function (CIRBF) stencils for solving highly nonlinear Richards equation governing fluid movement in heterogeneous soils. The proposed CIRBF scheme enjoys a high level of accuracy and a fast convergence rate with grid refinement owing to the combination of the integrated RBF approximation and compact approximation where the spatial derivatives are discretised in terms of the information of neighbouring nodes in a stencil. The CIRBF method is first verified through the solution of ordinary differential equations, 2–D Poisson equations and a Taylor‐Green vortex. Numerical comparisons show that the CIRBF method outperforms some other methods in the literature. The CIRBF method in conjunction with a rational function transformation method and an adaptive time‐stepping scheme is then applied to simulate 1–D and 2–D soil infiltrations effectively. The proposed solutions are more accurate and converge faster than those of the finite different method used with a second‐order central difference scheme. Additionally, the present scheme also takes less time to achieve target accuracy in comparison with the 1D‐IRBF and higher order compact schemes.
Stakeholders' views on maternity care shortcomings in rural Ghana: An ethnographic study among women, providers, public, and quasiprivate policy sector actors
Authors: Ayanore Martin Amogre , Pavlova Milena , Biesma Regien , Groot Wim 
Published: April 2017

SummaryAccess to skilled provider and emergency obstetric care is not universal across all districts in Ghana. The lived experiences of 3 stakeholder groups on maternity care shortcomings in 3 rural Ghanaian districts are examined in this study. We applied an ethnographic study approach where field data were collected between March to May 2015 in 3 rural districts of northern Ghana. Data were collected among women with recent births experiences (n = 90), health care providers (n = 16), and policy actors (n = 6). Transcripts were read through to identify similar and divergent stakeholders' views. Significant expressions and experiences of stakeholders on maternity care shortcomings were extracted and evaluated to define key themes. Four themes emerged: social/community factors, payments for health care, facility level factors, and policy level factors. The results show that traditional women's roles divest time for maternity care. Poor transport arrangements, insufficient health workforce, health funding gaps, insurance reimbursements delays, and catastrophic health expenditures on travel and drugs are attested as major barriers across all stakeholder groups in all districts studied. The discussion of the study findings suggests it is important to ascertain the scale of informal payments and their impacts on health access. Investments in health workforce and reliable ambulatory service systems could help address poor referral difficulties in rural areas of the country. Social support for community initiatives that pool funds could provide extra resources and relieve cost access‐related challenges for using maternity care in rural settings in Ghana.
Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model for heat transfer of Marangoni boundary layer flow in a copper–water nanofluid
Authors: Xu Xiaoqin , Chen Shumei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Cattaneo–Christov heat flux is first utilized to explore the heat transfer characteristics of Marangoni boundary layer flow in a copper–water nanofluid. The Marangoni boundary layer flow is driven by exponential temperature. Five different types of nanoparticle shapes including sphere, hexahedron, tetrahedron, column and lamina are considered for the copper–water nanofluid. The nonlinear system of partial differential equations is reduced by similarity transformations and then solved numerically by the shooting method. It is found that sphere nanoparticle has better heat transfer enhancement than other nanoparticle shapes and both the temperature and the thickness of the thermal boundary layer are lower for the Cattaneo–Christov heat flux model than the classical Fourier's law of heat conduction.
Thermal effects of lateral supra‐permafrost water flow around a thermokarst lake on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau
Authors: You Yanhui , Yu Qihao , Pan Xicai , Wang Xinbin , Guo Lei , Wu Qingbai 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBoth the inflow and outflow of supra‐permafrost water to lakes play important roles in the hydrologic process of thermokarst lakes. The accompanying thermal effects on the adjacent permafrost are required for assessing their influences on the development of thermokarst lakes. For these purposes, the lake water level, temperature dynamics, and supra‐permafrost water flow of a lake were monitored on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau. In addition, the spatial and temporal variation of the active layer thickness and permafrost distribution around the lake were investigated by combining ground penetrating radar, electrical resistivity tomography, and borehole temperature monitoring. The results revealed that the yearly unfrozen supra‐permafrost water flow around the lake lasted approximately 5 months. The temperature and water level measurements during this period indicate that the lake water was recharged by relatively colder supra‐permafrost water from the north‐western lakeshore and was discharged through the eastern lakeshore. This process, accompanied by heat exchange with the underlying permafrost, might cause a directional difference of the active layer thickness and permafrost characteristics around the lake. Specifically, the active layer thickness variation was minimal, and the ice‐rich permafrost was found adjacent to the lakeshore along the recharge groundwater pathways, whereas a deeper active layer and ice‐poor permafrost were observed close to the lakeshore from which the warm lake water was discharged. This study suggests that the lateral flow of warm lake water can be a major driver for the rapid expansion of thermokarst lakes and provides clues for evaluating the relationships between the thermokarst expansion process and climate warming.
Diphenyl diselenide protects against methylmercury‐induced inhibition of thioredoxin reductase and glutathione peroxidase in human neuroblastoma cells: a comparison with ebselen
Authors: Meinerz Daiane F. , Branco Vasco , Aschner Michael , Carvalho Cristina , Rocha João Batista T. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractExposure to methylmercury (MeHg), an important environmental toxicant, may lead to serious health risks, damaging various organs and predominantly affecting the brain function. The toxicity of MeHg can be related to the inhibition of important selenoenzymes, such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and thioredoxin reductase (TrxR). Experimental studies have shown that selenocompounds play an important role as cellular detoxifiers and protective agents against the harmful effects of mercury. The present study investigated the mechanisms by which diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2] and ebselen interfered with the interaction of mercury (MeHg) and selenoenzymes (TrxR and GPx) in an in vitro experimental model of cultured human neuroblastoma cells (SH‐SY5Y). Our results established that (PhSe)2 and ebselen increased the activity and expression of TrxR. In contrast, MeHg inhibited TrxR activity even at low doses (0.5 μm). Coexposure to selenocompounds and MeHg showed a protective effect of (PhSe)2 on both the activity and expression of TrxR. When selenoenzyme GPx was evaluated, selenocompounds did not alter its activity or expression significantly, whereas MeHg inhibited the activity of GPx (from 1 μm). Among the selenocompounds only (PhSe)2 significantly protected against the effects of MeHg on GPx activity. Taken together, these results indicate a potential use for ebselen and (PhSe)2 against MeHg toxicity. Furthermore, for the first time, we have demonstrated that (PhSe)2 caused a more pronounced upregulation of TrxR than ebselen in neuroblastoma cells, likely reflecting an important molecular mechanism involved in the antioxidant properties of this compound. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.