bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reno‐ and splenoportal anastomosis for a retransplant patient with situs inversus
Authors: Uchida Hajime , Fukuda Akinari , Sasaki Kengo , Shigeta Takanobu , Hirata Yoshihiro , Kanazawa Hiroyuki , Mali Vidyadhar Padmakar , Miyazaki Osamu , Nosaka Shunsuke , Sakamoto Seisuke , Mureo Kasahara 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPV thrombosis following pediatric LT is a serious complication that may lead to graft loss. LDLT poses limitations with regard to the availability of vein grafts for complex PV reconstructions. We herein report a unique reconstruction of the PV inflow in a one‐yr‐old boy with situs inversus undergoing re‐LDLT. The inflow was derived from the SPV and the RRV. A common channel was created utilizing a donor IMV and the recipient explant LHV as vascular conduits. With the application of innovative surgical reconstructions, pre‐existing portomesenteric thrombosis may be amenable to re‐LDLT in the pediatric population.
Colored Revolutions, Interpersonal Trust, and Confidence in Institutions: The Consequences of Mass Uprisings*
Authors: Ishiyama John , Pechenina Anna 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveRecent upheavals in the Middle East raise a number of questions regarding the consequences of mass uprisings. We examine the impact that earlier peaceful revolutions had on interpersonal and institutional trust in the postcommunist world.MethodsData were collected from eight countries using two waves from the World Values Survey, three of which had experienced a colored revolt. The article uses mixed effects logit analysis and quasi‐experimental techniques.ResultsLevels of social trust are much less in countries where a colored revolution occurred than in countries that had not experienced such an uprising. However, confidence in political institutions increased in contrast to countries that had not experienced an uprising.ConclusionThe level of interpersonal trust is not necessarily connected to the level of institutional trust. The decline in interpersonal trust in post‐colored‐revolution societies does not bode well for the development of democracy after mass upheaval.
Effects of electrical stimulation on meat quality of bison striploin steaks and ground patties
Authors: Ding C. , Rodas-González A.R. , López-Campos Ó. , Galbraith J. , Juárez M. , Larsen I.L. , Jin Y. , Aalhus J.L. 
Published: March 2016

As bison is characteristically dark in colour, this study was conducted to determine if high-voltage electrical stimulation (HVES) could improve the colour and other quality characteristics in bison, similar to positive effects of HVES previously observed in beef. Forty bison bull carcasses were split and HVES (400 V peak, 5 ms pulses at 15 pulses s−1for 30 s) was applied to the right sides and subsequently evaluated for grade characteristics, metabolic activity, and quality characteristics. The bison carcasses used in this study had a wide range of lean and fat, with minimal marbling. In the present study, HVES had no effect on bison quality traits, sensory attributes, retail display characteristics, nor the glycolytic metabolites (P > 0.05) except lactate. Inherent differences in muscle fibre type or physical carcass differences may have influenced the response to the electrical parameters used in the present study and merits further investigation.
Conclusion: recommendations and findings of the RED SEED working group
Authors: Harris A. J. L. , Carn S. , Dehn J. , Del Negro C. , Guđmundsson M. T. , Cordonnier B. , Barnie T. , Chahi E. , Calvari S. , Catry T. , de Groeve T. , Coppola D. , Davies A. , Favalli M. , Ferrucci F. , Fujita E. , Ganci G. , Garel F. , Huet P. , Kauahikaua J. , Kelfoun K. , Lombardo V. , Macedonio G. , Pacheco J. , Patrick M. , Pergola N. , Ramsey M. , Rongo R. , Sahy F. , Smith K. , Tarquini S. , Thordarson T. , Villeneuve N. , Webley P. , Wright R. , Zakšek K. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
RED SEED stands for Risk Evaluation, Detection and Simulation during Effusive Eruption Disasters, and combines stakeholders from the remote sensing, modelling and response communities with experience in tracking volcanic effusive events. The group first met during a three day-long workshop held in Clermont Ferrand (France) between 28 and 30 May 2013. During each day, presentations were given reviewing the state of the art in terms of (a) volcano hot spot detection and parameterization, (b) operational satellite-based hot spot detection systems, (c) lava flow modelling and (d) response protocols during effusive crises. At the end of each presentation set, the four groups retreated to discuss and report on requirements for a truly integrated and operational response that satisfactorily combines remote sensors, modellers and responders during an effusive crisis. The results of collating the final reports, and follow-up discussions that have been on-going since the workshop, are given here. We can reduce our discussions to four main findings. (1) Hot spot detection tools are operational and capable of providing effusive eruption onset notice within 15 min. (2) Spectral radiance metrics can also be provided with high degrees of confidence. However, if we are to achieve a truly global system, more local receiving stations need to be installed with hot spot detection and data processing modules running on-site and in real time. (3) Models are operational, but need real-time input of reliable time-averaged discharge rate data and regular updates of digital elevation models if they are to be effective; the latter can be provided by the radar/photogrammetry community. (4) Information needs to be provided in an agreed and standard format following an ensemble approach and using models that have been validated and recognized as trustworthy by the responding authorities. All of this requires a sophisticated and centralized data collection, distribution and reporting hub that is based on a philosophy of joint ownership and mutual trust. While the next chapter carries out an exercise to explore the viability of the last point, the detailed recommendations behind these findings are detailed here.
Simit
Authors: Kjolstad Fredrik , Kamil Shoaib , Ragan-Kelley Jonathan , Levin David I. W. , Sueda Shinjiro , Chen Desai , Vouga Etienne , Kaufman Danny M. , Kanwar Gurtej , Matusik Wojciech , Amarasinghe Saman 
Published: March 2016

With existing programming tools, writing high-performance simulation code is labor intensive and requires sacrificing readability and portability. The alternative is to prototype simulations in a high-level language like Matlab, thereby sacrificing performance. The Matlab programming model naturally describes the behavior of an entire physical system using the language of linear algebra. However, simulations also manipulate individual geometric elements, which are best represented using linked data structures like meshes. Translating between the linked data structures and linear algebra comes at significant cost, both to the programmer and to the machine. High-performance implementations avoid the cost by rephrasing the computation in terms of linked or index data structures, leaving the code complicated and monolithic, often increasing its size by an order of magnitude.
In this article, we present Simit, a new language for physical simulations that lets the programmer view the system both as a linked data structure in the form of a hypergraph and as a set of global vectors, matrices, and tensors depending on what is convenient at any given time. Simit provides a novel assembly construct that makes it conceptually easy and computationally efficient to move between the two abstractions. Using the information provided by the assembly construct, the compiler generates efficient in-place computation on the graph. We demonstrate that Simit is easy to use: a Simit program is typically shorter than a Matlab program; that it is high performance: a Simit program running sequentially on a CPU performs comparably to hand-optimized simulations; and that it is portable: Simit programs can be compiled for GPUs with no change to the program, delivering 4 to 20× speedups over our optimized CPU code.
Evaluation of IgA and IgG Serology for the Detection ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection
Authors: Fallone Carlo A , Wild Gary E , Goresky Carl A , Barkun Alan N 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Serology is a safe, simple and noninvasive means of determining the presence ofHelicobacter pylori. Reported sensitivity and specificity, however, have varied tremendously, and it is not clear whether positive serology reflects previous infection (treated within the past one to two years) or ongoing infection.OBJECTIVES: To assess the usefulness of two commercial kits to detect both ongoingH pyloriinfection and eradication. The kits, Pyloriset EIA-A and EIA-G, use enzyme immunoassay techniques to estimate immunoglobulin (Ig) A and IgG antibody titres, respectively.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Consenting adult patients referred for upper endoscopy underwent antral biopsies for histology and a serum sample for serological testing. The serum samples were divided into three groups: group 1 - 17 samples from patients withH pyloridetected histologically; group 2 - 13 samples from patients with negative histology and no recent (less than three months) eradication therapy; and group 3 - six samples from patients in whomH pylorihad been successfully eradicated one month before serological testing. The ability of IgA and IgG serology to differentiate between the presence or absence ofH pyloriinfection was assessed using contingency table analysis. Ideal titre cut-offs were determined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.RESULTS: The ideal cut-off titres for IgA and IgG were 300 and 900 U, respectively. The sensitivity for IgA was 82% (95% CI: 57-96), specificity 85% (55-98) and diagnostic accuracy 83% (65-94). For IgG, the sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy were 76% (95% CI: 50-93), 85% (55-98) and 80% (61-92), respectively. IgA levels one month posteradication (group 3) were significantly lower (P<0.05) than the titres from theH pyloripositive patients (group 1), whereas IgG levels were not.CONCLUSIONS: Serology is a simple, noninvasive method ofH pyloridetection exhibiting good diagnostic accuracy. The Pyloriset EIA-A assay has test performance characteristics similar to the Pyloriset EIA-G. At one month posteradication therapy IgA, but not IgG, detection may be a good method of assessing disappearance ofH pylori.
Management of New Symptoms of Dyspepsia in the Elderly in Quebec
Authors: LeLorier Jacques , Pagé Véronique , Castilloux Anne-Marie , LeLorier Yvette 
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE: To use the Régie de l′assurance‐maladie du Québec (RAMQ) database to study the clinical strategies used by Quebec physicians in the management of dyspepsia in the elderly.DESIGN: A 20% random sample of the RAMQ database for Quebec residents aged 65 years and older for the three years from July 1, 1991 to June 30, 1992 was used. Patients were placed in three cohorts according to the following treatment strategies: endoscopy, x‐ray examination or drug therapy. Patients in each cohort were then categorized as either nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID) users or non‐NSAID users. The choice of drug treatment used to manage the dyspepsia in each cohort was recorded. Drug treatments were divided into the following six antidyspeptic categories: H2 blockers, omeprazole, sucralphate, misoprostol, prokinetic drugs or no drugs. The number of duodenal, oesophageal and stomach cancers diagnosed in each cohort was also counted.RESULTS: Drug therapy was the most frequently used strategy in all patients, and was used more frequently in NSAID users (87%) than in non‐NSAID users (69%). A total of 22% of NSAID users in each group, and 46% of NSAID users in the drug therapy group, underwent investigation. H2 blockers were the most prescribed drug in all three treatment strategies, and omeprazole was the second most prescribed drug in the endoscopy and x‐ray cohorts. Overall omeprazole was the least prescribed drug. There was a higher rate of cancer detection in the endoscopy and x‐ray cohorts than in the drug therapy group.CONCLUSIONS: Previous NSAID use greatly influences the way in which physicians treat patients with dyspepsia.
Evaluation of the Endomysial Antibody for Celiac Disease: Operating Properties and Associated Cost Implications in Clinical Practice
Authors: Atkinson Kenneth , Tokmakajian Sonya , Watson William , Gregor James 
Published: March 2016

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the operating properties of endomysial antibodies (EMAs) in the diagnosis of celiac disease and to examine, using a cost minimization model, different strategies used in the diagnosis of celiac disease.METHODS: A total of 248 EMA results were reviewed and compared with small bowel biopsy results in 66 patients who had undergone both tests. Regression analysis was used to look for predictors of positive EMA results and positive biopsy results. A cost minimization model from a societal perspective was used to evaluate the cost differences among three different strategies.RESULTS: EMAs had a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 64%. The only predictor of a positive biopsy result that reached statistical significance was a positive EMA. The strategy of EMA as a diagnostic test for celiac disease was the most expensive strategy, with a cost of $3,174 per patient assessed. The strategy of small bowel biopsy for all patients had a cost of $997, and a strategy of EMA followed by small bowel biopsy for positive patients had a cost of $866 per patient. The results were sensitive to cost of a gluten‐free diet, the specificity of the EMA and the cost of a small bowel biopsy.CONCLUSION: The EMA is best used as a screening test from both a clinical and cost perspective.
Key Software Metrics and its Impact on each other for Software Development Projects
Authors: Bhardwaj Mridul , Rana Ajay 
Published: March 2016

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="line-height: 115%; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt;">Every software development project is unique and different from repeatable manufacturing process. Each software project share different challenges related to technology, people and timelines. If every project is unique, how project manager can estimate project in a consistent way by applying his past experience. One of the major challenges faced by the project manager is to identify the key software metrics to control and monitor the project execution. Each software development project may be unique but share some common metric that can be used to control and monitor the project execution. These metrics are software size, effort, project duration and productivity. These metrics tells project manager about what to deliver (size), how it was delivered in past (productivity) and how long will it take to deliver with current team capability (time and effort). In this paper, we explain the relationship among these key metrics and how they statistically impact each other. These relationships have been derived based on the data published in book “Practical Software Estimation” by International Software Benchmarking Group. This paper also explains how these metrics can be used in predicting the total number of defects. Study suggests that out of the four key software metrics software size significantly impact the other three metrics (project effort, duration and productivity). Productivity does not significantly depend on the software size but it represents the nonlinear relationship with software size and maximum team size, hence, it is recommended not to have a very big team size as it might impact the overall productivity. Total project duration only depends on the software size and it does not depend on the maximum team size. It implies that we cannot reduce project duration by increasing the team size. This fact is contrary to the perception that we can reduce the project duration by increasing the project team size. We can conclude that software size is the important metrics and a significant effort must be put during project initiation phases to estimate the project size. As software size will help in estimating the project duration and project efforts so error in estimating the software size will have significant impact on the accuracy of project duration and effort. All these key metrics must be re-calibrated during the project development life cycle. </span><strong style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"></strong></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-align: justify;"> </p>
Analysis of Raindrop Diameters for Rainfall Attenuation in Southern Africa
Authors: Adetan Oluwumi , Obiyemi Obiseye 
Published: March 2016

The influence of critical raindrop diameters on the specific rainfall attenuation in Durban (29<sup>o</sup>52'S, 30<sup>o</sup>58'E), South Africa using various rainfall regimes is analyzed in this paper. Different rain rate values representing drizzle, widespread, shower and thunderstorm are selected for the purpose of analysis over the measured raindrop size distribution. The three-parameter lognormal and gamma DSD models with shape parameter of 2 are used to estimate the parameters required to investigate the drop sizes which produce a major contribution to the total specific rainfall attenuation for the selected rain rate values. The computed total specific attenuation increases with increasing frequencies and rain rates. The highest and prevailing contribution to the specific attenuation occurs at for the stratiform (drizzle or widespread) and convective (shower or thunderstorm) rain types for the models considered. The total percentage fraction formed by drops in the diameter range 0.5 mm ≤ <em>D</em> ≤ 2.5 mm and 1.0 mm ≤<em> D</em> ≤ 3.0<em> </em>mm<em> </em>are found to be most critical for the specific rain attenuation for the stratiform (drizzle and widespread) and convective (shower and thunderstorm) rainfall types especially at higher frequencies.
A Shunt Active Power Filter for 12 Pulse Converter Using Source Current Detection Approach
Authors: T Rajesh , A Nirmalkumar 
Published: March 2016

A shunt Active Power Filter (APF) with current detection at the source side is considered as a closed-loop system from the view of the whole power distribution system, which is expected with better harmonics filtering performance compared with conventional current detection methods such as load current detection and open loop control. This paper introduces an efficient source current detection method (direct) control scheme to mitigate the grid current harmonics generated by the twelve pulse converter. The proposed system uses Control Rectifier (12 –pulse converter) which efficiently regulates the DC voltage by varying the angle of each 6 pulse converter. Moreover, the proposed system uses three winding transformer which eliminates the harmonics during equal angles switching at each six pulse converter which in turn simplifies the operation of the SAPF. The proposed system is simulated in MATLAB SIMULINK to evaluate the performance of the proposed system.
Comments on “Combination Mode Dynamics of the Anomalous Northwest Pacific Anticyclone”*
Authors: Li Tim , Wang Bin , Wang Lu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In a recent paper, Stuecker et al. applied a “combination mode” (C-mode) theory to explain the formation of the anomalous western North Pacific anticyclone (WNPAC) during El Niño events. The C-mode, arising from interaction between the annual cycle and ENSO, is an Indo-Pacific basin mode with two “near annual” time scales (roughly 10 and 15 months, respectively). This comment discusses to what extent the C-mode can explain the WNPAC dynamics. The major findings are the following: 1) spectral analysis of the Indo-Pacific circulation anomaly fields indicates that the 10-month mode is not observed and the 15-month mode is only seen in the western North Pacific (WNP), where its spectral peak is statistically insignificant; 2) the 15-month mode (with a period of 13–19 months) accounts for only a small portion (13%) of the observed sea level pressure anomaly in the WNP; and 3) the C-mode evolution does not capture the observed timing of the WNPAC onset in the northern fall of El Niño developing year. In addition it is shown, based on observational analyses and numerical experiments, that local atmosphere–ocean interaction plays an important role in formation of the anomalous anticyclonic center over the Philippine Sea.
Reply to “Comments on ‘Combination Mode Dynamics of the Anomalous Northwest Pacific Anticyclone’”*
Authors: Stuecker Malte F. , Jin Fei-Fei , Timmermann Axel , McGregor Shayne 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this reply, the authors clarify the points made in the original paper in 2015 and show that issues raised in the comment by Li et al. are unsubstantiated. The main conclusions can be summarized as follows: 1) The time evolution of the anomalous low-level northwest Pacific anticyclone (NWP-AC) is largely caused by combination mode (C-mode) dynamics. 2) The theoretical C-mode index accurately captures the rapid development of the anomalous NWP-AC. 3) Thermodynamic air–sea coupling does not play a major role for the rapid phase transition of the NWP-AC and the meridionally antisymmetric atmospheric circulation response during the peak phase of El Niño events in boreal winter.
Variations in Fiber Morphology and Chemical Components of Dendrocalamus giganteus
Authors: Wang Shuguang , Lin Shuyan , Li Weicheng , Ding Yulong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The fiber and chemical properties of Dendrocalamus giganteus at three ages from three different sites in China were investigated. For samples from all sites, the fibers in the middle internodes of culms were longer than those of other internodes. A similar trend was also observed within one internode. The fiber achieved its maximum length after 1 year, but the maximum length differed with site. The chemical composition and fiber characteristics also varied with height and site. Bamboo culms at the age of 3 years were suitable for utilization purposes, and the bamboos of Cangyuan provenance were the best for pulping and processing. They were also more suitable for popularization as a timber-yielding type owing to having the longest fibers and the lowest ratio of wall thickness to lumen diameter, the lowest SiO2 and lignin contents, and the highest holocellulose content.
New Acceptance Sampling Plans Based on Percentiles for Exponentiated Fréchet Distribution
Authors: Rao Gadde Srinivasa , Rosaiah Kanaparthi , Babu Mothukuri Sridhar , Sivakumar Devireddy Charanaudaya 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
In this article, acceptance sampling plans are developed
for the exponentiated Fréchet distribution based on percentiles
when the life test is truncated at a pre-specified time. The minimum sample
size necessary to ensure the specified life percentile is obtained under a
given customer's risk and producer's risk simultaneously. The operating
characteristic values of the sampling plans are presented. One example with
real data set is also given as an illustration.
Ultraproducts of quasirandom groups with small cosocles
Authors: Yang Yilong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A D-quasirandom group is a group without any non-trivial unitary representation of dimension less than D. Given a sequence of groups with increasing quasirandomness, it is natural to ask if the ultraproduct will end up with no finite dimensional unitary representation at all. This is not true in general, but we answer this question in the affirmative when the groups in question have uniform small cosocles, i.e., their quotients by small kernels are direct products of finite simple groups.
Two applications of our results are given, one in triangle patterns inside quasirandom groups and one in self-bohrifying groups. Our main tools are some variations of the covering number for groups, different kinds of length functions on groups, and the classification of finite simple groups.