bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lipid‐lowering mechanism of egg yolk in normal rats
Authors: Park Byung‐Sung , Park Sang‐O 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThe ingestion of egg has been reported to lower blood cholesterol, but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the biochemical metabolic mechanism by which the oral administration of egg yolk affects blood lipid reduction was investigated using normal rats. Blood triglycerides and total cholesterol were lower and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was higher in an egg yolk‐given group compared to other groups, while low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased in the pork belly oil‐given group. HMG‐CoA reductase activity was higher in the pork belly oil‐given group, compared to an egg yolk‐given group, a weekly alternating administration of pork belly oil and egg yolk‐given group, and the saline‐given normal control group. However, faecal excretions of total sterol, neutral sterol and acid sterol in an egg yolk‐given group were higher compared to the pork belly oil‐given group, a weekly alternating administration of pork belly oil and egg yolk‐given group, and a normal control group. The results suggested that ingestion of egg decreased blood lipids.
The influence of ultrasonic modification on arabinoxylans properties obtained from wheat bran
Authors: Li Li , Ma Sen , Fan Ling , Zhang Chi , Pu Xiaoqing , Zheng Xueling , Wang Xiaoxi 
Published: October 2016

SummaryThis work is concerned with modification of wheat bran arabinoxylans by ultrasound irradiation. The average molecular weights of arabinoxylans ranging from 580 000 to 800 000 kDa were yielded by regulating ultrasonic powder (120–480 W) and treat time (15–45 min). The phenolic compounds increased after ultrasound treatment, and arabinose‐to‐xylose ratios ranged between 0.55 and 0.67. FTIR spectroscopy revealed that the major chemical composition of arabinoxylans was unchanged. The maximum storage modulus decreased with the extension of ultrasonic treatment time. The antioxidant capacity test showed that the EC50 values decreased and the values from the ferric reducing antioxidant power decreased after ultrasound treatment. The results suggested that ultrasound is an effective method for the modification of arabinoxylans.
Digitally enabled disaster response: the emergence of social media as boundary objects in a flooding disaster
Authors: Tim Yenni , Pan Shan L. , Ractham Peter , Kaewkitipong Laddawan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIn recent times, social media has been increasingly playing a critical role in response actions following natural catastrophes. From facilitating the recruitment of volunteers during an earthquake to supporting emotional recovery after a hurricane, social media has demonstrated its power in serving as an effective disaster response platform. Based on a case study of Thailand flooding in 2011 – one of the worst flooding disasters in more than 50 years that left the country severely impaired – this paper provides an in‐depth understanding on the emergent roles of social media in disaster response. Employing the perspective of boundary object, we shed light on how different boundary spanning competences of social media emerged in practice to facilitate cross‐boundary response actions during a disaster, with an aim to promote further research in this area. We conclude this paper with guidelines for response agencies and impacted communities to deploy social media for future disaster response.
Using pedagogical approaches to influence evidence‐based practice integration – processes and recommendations: findings from a grounded theory study
Authors: Malik Gulzar , McKenna Lisa , Griffiths Debra 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsThe study aimed to explore the processes undertaken by nurse academics when integrating evidence‐based practice (EBP) into their teaching and learning practices. This article focuses on pedagogical approaches employed by academics to influence evidence‐based practice integration into undergraduate programs across Australian universities.BackgroundNursing academics are challenged to incorporate a variety of teaching and learning strategies to teach evidence‐based practice and determine their effectiveness. However, literature suggests that there are limited studies available focusing on pedagogical approaches in evidence‐based practice education.DesignA constructivist grounded theory methodology, informed by Charmaz was used for this study.MethodsData were collected during 2014 from 23 nurse academics across Australian universities through semi‐structured interviews. Additionally, nine were observed during teaching of undergraduate students. Twenty subject outlines were also analysed following Charmaz's approach of data analysis.Findings‘Influencing EBP integration’ describes the pedagogical approaches employed by academics to incorporate EBP knowledge and skills into undergraduate curricula. With the use of various teaching and learning strategies, academics attempted to contextualize EBP by engaging students with activities aiming to link evidence to practice and with the EBP process. Although, some strategies appeared to be engaging, others were traditional and seemed to be disengaging for students due to the challenges experienced by participants that impeded the use of the most effective teaching methods.ConclusionStudy findings offer valuable insights into the teaching practices and identify some key challenges that require the adoption of appropriate strategies to ensure future nurses are well prepared in the paradigm of evidence‐based practice.
Climatic and geographic barriers drive distributional patterns of bird phenotypes within peninsular India
Authors: Ramachandran Vivek , Robin V. V. , Tamma Krishnapriya , Ramakrishnan Uma 
Published: October 2016

Modern phylogenetic data provide unparalleled ability to test biogeographic paradigms, often suggested by differences in species distribution patterns. However, such approaches have been applied less at regional scales, particularly in Asia. In the absence of such data, we examine if concordance of distributional patterns for phenotypes (subspecies) suggest potential biogeographic barriers for birds in peninsular India. Specifically, we examine climatic and physical factors that might limit phenotype distributions in this region.Various physical, vegetation and climatic barriers were demarcated to identify potential biogeographic units within peninsular India. We then collated occurrence of endemic or disjunctly distributed species and subspecies within these units using published range maps. We also quantified turnover between potential units, allowing us to identify significant biogeographic barriers. Three time‐step climate data (Last Glacial Maxima, mid‐Holocene and present) enabled us to examine differences between these potential biogeographic regions through time.The Palk Straits, followed by the Goa Gap (∼ 16°N) and the Godavari River emerged as the major barriers in this region. The Palk Straits and Godavari are physical barriers while Goa Gap appears to be a climate‐mediated ecological divide. Mountain barriers like the Palghat Gap are not the most significant barriers as previously thought. Climatically intermediate regions appeared unstable in the past and showed inconsistent affinities to different geographic units across families. We suggest that relative climatic stability of the wet regions of the southern western Ghats could be responsible for high subspecies endemism here. Our approach provides hypotheses that can be tested with comparative multi‐species phylogeographic data in the future.
Sera of patients with spontaneous tumour regression and elevated anti‐CA I autoantibodies change the gene expression of ECM proteins
Authors: Lakota Jan , Vulic Radivojka , Dubrovcakova Maria , Tyciakova Silvia 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSpontaneous tumour regression after high‐dose therapy and autologous stem cell transplantation is associated with the aplastic anaemia‐like syndrome and the presence of polyclonal autoantibodies against carbonic anhydrase I (CA I). When tumour cells were grown in vitro in the presence of patients’ sera positive for anti‐CA I autoantibodies, their morphological pattern was altered. These changes were accompanied by modifications in the gene expression profile. We observed downregulation of genes of the basal lamina assembly (collagen type IV alpha 4, the laminin subunit gamma 2), the extracellular matrix (collagen type I alpha 1), the cytoskeleton (keratin 14 type I), the collagen triple helix repeat containing 1 and the proto‐oncogene WNT7B. On the other hand, the expression of the CA 1 gene was increased in the tumour cells. It was also noticed that the presence of anti‐CA I autoantibodies did not impair tumour cell proliferation and cell viability in vitro. These findings were observed only in the presence of patients’ sera positive for anti‐CA I autoantibodies.
GATA binding protein 3 is correlated with leptin regulation of PPARγ1 in hepatic stellate cells
Authors: Guan Wei , Cheng Fangyun , Wu Hao , Cao Qing , Zhu Xiaofei , Fan Yan , Zhu Huixia , Zhou Yajun 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAccumulating evidence reveals that hormone leptin, mainly produced by adipocyte, plays a unique role in promotion of liver fibrosis. Hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation is a key step in liver fibrosis and peroxisome‐proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) exerts a crucial role in inhibition of HSC activation. Our previous researches demonstrated that leptin reduced PPARγ1 (a major subtype of PPARγ in HSCs) expression through GATA binding protein 2 (GATA2) binding to a site around −2323 in PPARγ1 promoter. The present researches aimed to examine the effect of GATA3 on leptin‐induced inhibition of PPARγ1 and elucidate the relationship between GATA3 and GATA2. Gene expressions were analysed by real‐time PCR, western blot, luciferase assay and immunostaining. C57BL/6J ob/ob mouse model of thioacetamide‐induced liver injury was used in vivo. Results demonstrate that leptin significantly induces GATA3 expression in HSCs by multiple signalling pathways including NADPH oxidase pathway. There exist crosstalks between NADPH oxidase pathway and the other pathways. GATA3 can bind to GATA2‐binding site in PPARγ1 promoter and interacts with GATA2, contributing to leptin inhibition of PPARγ1 expression in HSCs. These data demonstrated novel molecular events for leptin inhibition of PPARγ1 expression in HSCs and thus might have potential implications for clarifying the detailed mechanisms underlying liver fibrosis in diseases in which circulating leptin levels are elevated such as non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis in obese patients.
Annual Research Review: Quality of life and childhood mental and behavioural disorders – a critical review of the research
Authors: Jonsson Ulf , Alaie Iman , Löfgren Wilteus Anna , Zander Eric , Marschik Peter B. , Coghill David , Bölte Sven 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundAn individual's subjective perception of well‐being is increasingly recognized as an essential complement to clinical symptomatology and functional impairment in children's mental health. Measurement of quality of life (QoL) has the potential to give due weight to the child's perspective.Scope and methodologyOur aim was to critically review the current evidence on how childhood mental disorders affect QoL. First, the major challenges in this research field are outlined. Then we present a systematic review of QoL in children and adolescents aged 0–18 years formally diagnosed with a mental and behavioural disorder, as compared to healthy or typically developing children or children with other health conditions. Finally, we discuss limitations of the current evidence base and future directions based on the results of the systematic review and other relevant literature.Findings and conclusionsThe systematic review identified 41 eligible studies. All were published after the year 2000 and 21 originated in Europe. The majority examined QoL in neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (k = 17), autism spectrum disorder (k = 6), motor disorders (k = 5) and intellectual disability (k = 4). Despite substantial heterogeneity, studies demonstrate that self‐reported global QoL is significantly reduced compared to typical/healthy controls across several disorders and QoL dimensions. Parents’ ratings were on average substantially lower, casting doubt on the validity of proxy‐report. Studies for large diagnostic groups such as depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, (early onset) schizophrenia and eating disorders are largely lacking. We conclude that representative, well‐characterized normative and clinical samples as well as longitudinal and qualitative designs are needed to further clarify the construct of QoL, to derive measures of high ecological validity, and to examine how QoL fluctuates over time and is attributable to specific conditions or contextual factors.
Theoretical approaches of online social network interventions and implications for behavioral change: a systematic review
Authors: Arguel Amaël , Perez‐Concha Oscar , Li Simon Y.W. , Lau Annie Y.S. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractRational, aims and objectivesThe aim of this review was to identify general theoretical frameworks used in online social network interventions for behavioral change. To address this research question, a PRISMA‐compliant systematic review was conducted.MethodsA systematic review (PROSPERO registration number CRD42014007555) was conducted using 3 electronic databases (PsycINFO, Pubmed, and Embase). Four reviewers screened 1788 abstracts.Results15 studies were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Randomized controlled trials and controlled studies were assessed using Cochrane Collaboration's “risk‐of‐bias” tool, and narrative synthesis. Five eligible articles used the social cognitive theory as a framework to develop interventions targeting behavioral change. Other theoretical frameworks were related to the dynamics of social networks, intention models, and community engagement theories. Only one of the studies selected in the review mentioned a well‐known theory from the field of health psychology.ConclusionConclusions were that guidelines are lacking in the design of online social network interventions for behavioral change. Existing theories and models from health psychology that are traditionally used for in situ behavioral change should be considered when designing online social network interventions in a health care setting.
How Factor Analysis Results May Change Due to Country Context
Authors: Brzyski Piotr , Kózka Maria , Squires Allison , Brzostek Tomasz 
Published: October 2016

AbstractPurposeTo present how factor analysis results of a Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) translation changed due to country context.DesignValidity and reliability analysis of a cross‐culturally adapted, Polish translation of the PES‐NWI came from a cross‐sectional, national survey that included 2,605 registered nurses working in surgical (50.4%) and medical (49.6%) units of 30 Polish hospitals.MethodsExploratory factor analysis (EFA) using the principal component analysis (PCA) method with varimax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine factor structure of the instrument in the Polish context. Zero‐order and partial Pearson correlation coefficients were used to establish the range of variance shared by the dimensions of the Polish version. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient determined internal consistency reliability. The internal consistency of the scale was also tested based on Kline's criterion.FindingsThe PCA conducted in the sample of Polish nurses extracted six factors, explaining together 56% of the total variance. The varimax rotation, however, restricted results to five factors, explaining 52.7% of the total variance and generating a factor structure closer to that based on previous studies. The CFA model, based on a PCA solution with five nonorthogonal factors, fitted data better than the theoretically driven model.ConclusionsDimensions of the PES‐NWI nurses’ work environments remain conceptually consistent in Poland, but load differently. Health system or nursing profession factors related to the country context are potential explanations for these differences.Clinical RelevanceWhen using a translation of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index‐Revised to examine the influences of work environment quality on nursing and patient outcomes, it is important to consider contextual differences when using results to inform policy.
Medication communication between nurses and doctors for paediatric acute care: An ethnographic study
Authors: Borrott Narelle , Kinney Sharon , Newall Fiona , Williams Allison , Cranswick Noel , Wong Ian , Manias Elizabeth 
Published: October 2016

Aims and objectivesTo examine how communication between nurses and doctors occurred for managing medications in inpatient paediatric settings.BackgroundCommunication between health professionals influences medication incidents’ occurrence and safe care.DesignAn ethnographic study was undertaken.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews, observations and focus groups were conducted in three clinical areas of an Australian tertiary paediatric hospital. Data were transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed using the Medication Communication Model.ResultsThe actual communication act revealed health professionals’ commitment to effective medication management and the influence of professional identities on medication communication. Nurses and doctors were dedicated to providing safe, effective medication therapy for children, within their scope of practice and perceived role responsibilities. Most nurses and junior doctors used tentative language in their communication while senior doctors tended to use direct language. Irrespective of language style, nurses actively engaged with doctors to promote patients’ needs. Yet, the medical hierarchical structure, staffing and attendant expectations influenced communication for medication management, causing frustration among nurses and doctors. Doctors’ lack of verbal communication of documented changes to medication orders particularly troubled nurses. Nurses persisted in their efforts to acquire appropriate orders for safe medication administration to paediatric patients.ConclusionsCollaborative practice between nurses and doctors involved complex, symbiotic relationships. Their dedication to providing safe medication therapy to paediatric patients facilitated effective medication management. At times, shortcomings in interdisciplinary communication impacted on potential and actual medication incidents.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding of the complexities affecting medication communication between nurses and doctors helps to ensure interprofessional respect for each other's roles and inherent demands. Interdisciplinary education delivered in healthcare organisations would facilitate greater clarity in communication related to medications. Encouraging the use of concise, clear words in communication would help to promote improved understanding between parties, and accuracy and efficacy of medication management.
Confronting one's vulnerability – patients with chest pain participating in a high‐intensity exercise programme
Authors: Røysland Ingrid Ølfarnes , Friberg Febe , Støre Brinchmann Berit , Nordeide Svello Sunniva , Valborgland Torstein , Larsen Alf Inge 
Published: October 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explain the transitional process that individuals with unexplained chest pain undergo while participating in an exercise training programme over time.BackgroundAngina‐like chest pain in patients with no obstructive coronary artery disease is a growing problem. Functional limitations, restricted daily activities and reduced quality of life are reported. In addition, physical activity is avoided in this population.DesignThe study follows a qualitative classic grounded theory (Glaser ).MethodsThree times a week for 12 weeks, twelve patients with no obstructive coronary artery disease participated in a high‐intensity aerobic exercise training programme supervised by physiotherapists and nurses. The data collection was based on diaries and interviews about the experience and analysed according to the principles of classic grounded theory.ResultsThe core category was identified as ‘confronting one's vulnerability’ and included three subcategories: ‘balancing existential uncertainty’, ‘transforming bodily perceptions’ and ‘becoming a more capable person’.ConclusionThe transition was described as a process of becoming more capable. Health professionals should be aware of the significance of high‐intensity exercise training for people with unexplained chest pain and of the underlying dimension of vulnerability.Relevance to clinical practiceUnderstanding the transition process that people with unexplained chest pain undergo while participating in a high‐intensity exercise training programme promotes a person‐centred approach. Taking this substantive theory into consideration will improve the prerequisites for establishing person‐centred care.
A qualitative study of patient and provider experiences during preoperative care transitions
Authors: Malley Ann M , Young Gary J 
Published: October 2016

Aims and objectivesTo explore the issues and challenges of care transitions in the preoperative environment.BackgroundIneffective transitions play a role in a majority of serious medical errors. There is a paucity of research related to the preoperative arena and the multiple inherent transitions in care that occur there.DesignQualitative descriptive design was used.MethodsSemistructured interviews were conducted in a 975‐bed academic medical centre.ResultsA total of 30 providers and 10 preoperative patients participated. Themes that arose were as follows: (1) need for clarity of purpose of preoperative care, (2) care coordination, (3) interprofessional boundaries of care and (4) inadequate time and resources.ConclusionEffective transitions in the preoperative environment require that providers bridge scope of practice barriers to promote good teamwork. Preoperative care that is a product of well‐informed providers and patients can improve the entire perioperative care process and potentially influence postoperative patient outcomes.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses are well positioned to bridge the gaps within transitions of care and accordingly affect health outcomes.