bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mesenteric lymph node stromal cell‐derived extracellular vesicles contribute to peripheral de novo induction of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells
Authors: Pasztoi Maria , Pezoldt Joern , Beckstette Michael , Lipps Christoph , Wirth Dagmar , Rohde Manfred , Paloczi Krisztina , Buzas Edit Iren , Huehn Jochen 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIntestinal regulatory T cells (Tregs) are fundamental in peripheral tolerance toward commensals and food‐borne antigens. Accordingly, gut‐draining mesenteric lymph nodes (mLNs) represent a site of efficient peripheral de novo Treg induction when compared to skin‐draining peripheral LNs (pLNs), and we had recently shown that LN stromal cells substantially contribute to this process. Here, we aimed to unravel the underlying molecular mechanisms and generated immortalized fibroblastic reticular cell lines (iFRCs) from mLNs and pLNs, allowing unlimited investigation of this rare stromal cell subset. In line with our previous findings, mLN‐iFRCs showed a higher Treg‐inducing capacity when compared to pLN‐iFRCs. RNA‐seq analysis focusing on secreted molecules revealed a more tolerogenic phenotype of mLN‐ as compared to pLN‐iFRCs. Remarkably, mLN‐iFRCs produced substantial numbers of microvesicles (MVs) that carried elevated levels of TGF‐β when compared to pLN‐iFRC‐derived MVs, and these novel players of intercellular communication were shown to be responsible for the tolerogenic properties of mLN‐iFRCs. Thus, stromal cells originating from mLNs contribute to peripheral tolerance by fostering de novo Treg induction using TGF‐β‐carrying MVs. This finding provides novel insights into the subcellular/molecular mechanisms of de novo Treg induction and might serve as promising tool for future therapeutic applications to treat inflammatory disorders.
Synthesis and Reactivity of Thiolate‐Bridged NiIIMI Heterodinuclear Complexes (M = Rh, Ir) with an S‐Bidentate NiP2S2 Metalloligand
Authors: Kure Bunsho , Sano Mikie , Watanabe Natsuki , Nakajima Takayuki , Tanase Tomoaki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue is the group of Tomoaki Tanase at Nara Women's University, Japan. The cover image shows the transformation of a low‐valent dithiolate‐bridged heterodinuclear complex into two different types of hydride silyl complexes by treatment with hydrosilanes, where the hydride ligands are stabilized by semibridging between two metal centers of a “dimetal butterfly”.
Separation, Purification, and Characterization of Sterol Fatty Acid Esters From Lotus Plumule
Authors: Chen Shuai , Bi Yanlan , Chen Jiali , Wei Maolin , Sun Shangde , Chen Jingnan 
Published: August 2017

In this work, a new plant resource (lotus plumule) is used to produce sterol fatty acid ester (SFAE). Acetone extraction and column chromatography are developed for the separation and purification of SFAE. Silica gel (200–300 mesh) was the best adsorbent according to the static and dynamic adsorption experiments. The adsorption of SFAE on silica gel (200–300 mesh) is well fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. The column chromatography conditions (elution solvents, loading amount, column height to diameter ratio, and elution flow rate) are optimized and the purity and recovery yield of SFAE are up to 95.56 ± 1.32% and 95.70 ± 3.05%, respectively. Purification processes have no significant effect on sterol composition and fatty acid composition of SFAE. Moreover, SFAE products are identified by UV and IR spectra using standard sample, as well as GC‐MS. GC results show that, β‐sitosterol (49.6%), △5‐avenasterol (33.4%), and campesterol (9.1%) are the main sterols; and linoleic acid (63.1%), behenic acid (8.3%), and oleic acid (8.1%) are the main fatty acids. Practical Applications: This work provides an economic and efficient method for high purity SFAE production, which gave some available information for the value‐added utilization of idle plant materials with high levels of SFAE.A new plant resource, lotus plumule, is used to produce sterol fatty acid ester (SFAE). Acetone extraction and column chromatography are developed for separation and purification of SFAE. The SFAE product is a pale yellow oily liquid with high purity (95.6%) and recovery (95.7%), which is analyzed and confirmed by GC, MS, and ultraviolet and infrared spectroscopy.
Sensitivity analysis of pounding between adjacent structures
Authors: Crozet Vincent , Politopoulos Ioannis , Yang Mingguan , Martinez Jean‐Marc , Erlicher Silvano 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThis article deals with sensitivity of the response of pounding buildings with respect to structural and earthquake excitation parameters. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis is carried out by means of Monte Carlo simulations of adjacent single degree of freedom impacting oscillators. This sensitivity analysis, based on Sobol's method, computes sensitivity indexes which provide a consistent measure of the relative importance of parameters such as the dimensionless main excitation frequency, the mass and frequency ratios of the structures, and the coefficient of restitution. Moreover, the influence of nonlinear behavior of the impacting structures is also considered. The consequences of pounding on the structures themselves are analyzed in terms of maximum force and nonlinear demand amplification compared with the case without pounding. As for the influence of pounding on the floor response spectra, the quantity of interest is the maximum impact impulse. The overall conclusions of this analysis are that the frequency ratio is the most important parameter as far as the maximum force and nonlinear demand are concerned. Regarding the maximum impact impulse, the mass and frequency ratios are, in general, the most influential parameters, the mass ratio being predominant for low frequencies of the oscillator of interest.
Development of a Highly Efficient SOFC Module Using Two‐stage Stacks and a Fuel Regeneration Process
Authors: Nakamura K. , Ide T. , Taku S. , Nakajima T. , Shirai M. , Dohkoh T. , Kume T. , Ikeda Y. , Somekawa T. , Kushi T. , Ogasawara K. , Fujita K. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module using two‐stage stacks and a fuel regeneration process between them was developed in this study for the first time, to the best of the authors' knowledge. Upon configuring the first‐stage and second‐stage stacks and a steam reformer between them in the SOFC module, a gross output power of DC 2.27 kW was generated with gross power generation efficiency of DC 69.2% (lower heating value (LHV)), at a total fuel utilization rate of 86.3%. This technology enables operation at a very high total fuel utilization rate even while operating the stacks at a moderate fuel utilization rate (below 70%). Considering an auxiliary device loss (6%) and inverter loss (5%), the net power generation efficiency is estimated to be AC 61.8% (LHV); hence, the module is considered to exhibit a high power generation efficiency. Further increases in the power generation efficiency could be realized in the future by removing the CO2 from the anode off‐gas during the fuel regeneration process and/or operating the stacks at higher temperatures by decreasing heat leakage from the module.
Taking tests in the magnet: Brain mapping standardized tests
Authors: Rubin David C. , Li Dawei , Hall Shana A. , Kragel Philip A. , Berntsen Dorthe 
Published: August 2017

AbstractStandardized psychometric tests are sophisticated, well‐developed, and consequential instruments; test outcomes are taken as facts about people that impact their lives in important ways. As part of an initial demonstration that human brain mapping techniques can add converging neural‐level evidence to understanding standardized tests, our participants completed items from standardized tests during an fMRI scan. We compared tests for diagnosing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the correlated measures of Neuroticism, Attachment, and Centrality of Event to a general‐knowledge baseline test. Twenty‐three trauma‐exposed participants answered 20 items for each of our five tests in each of the three runs for a total of 60 items per test. The tests engaged different neural processes; which test a participant was taking was accurately predicted from other participants’ brain activity. The novelty of the application precluded specific anatomical predictions; however, the interpretation of activated regions using meta‐analyses produced encouraging results. For instance, items on the Attachment test engaged regions shown to be more active for tasks involving judgments of others than judgments of the self. The results are an initial demonstration of a theoretically and practically important test‐taking neuroimaging paradigm and suggest specific neural processes in answering PTSD‐related tests. Hum Brain Mapp 38:5706–5725, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Multidimensional performance assessment of public sector organisations using dominance criteria
Authors: Gutacker Nils , Street Andrew 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPublic sector organisations pursue multiple objectives and serve a number of stakeholders. But stakeholders are rarely explicit about the valuations they attach to different objectives, nor are these valuations likely to be identical. This complicates the assessment of their performance because no single set of weights can be chosen legitimately to aggregate outputs into unidimensional composite scores. We propose the use of dominance criteria in a multidimensional performance assessment framework to identify best practice and poor performance under relatively weak assumptions about stakeholders' preferences. We use as an example providers of hip replacement surgery in the English National Health Service and estimate multivariate multilevel models to study their performance in terms of length of stay, readmission rates, post‐operative patient‐reported health status and waiting time. We find substantial correlation between objectives and demonstrate that ignoring the correlation can lead to incorrect assessments of performance.
Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 cleavage product GLP‐1 (9‐36) amide enhances hippocampal long‐term synaptic plasticity in correlation with suppression of Kv4.2 expression and eEF2 phosphorylation
Authors: Day Stephen M. , Yang Wenzhong , Ewin Sarah , Zhou Xueyan , Ma Tao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractGlucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) is an endogenous gut hormone and a key regulator in maintaining glucose homeostasis by stimulating insulin secretion. Its natural cleavage product GLP‐1 (9‐36), used to be considered a “bio‐inactive” metabolite mainly because of its lack of insulinotropic effects and low affinity for GLP‐1 receptors, possesses unique properties such as anti‐oxidant and cardiovascular protection. Little is known about the role of GLP‐1 (9‐36) in central nervous system. Here we report that chronic, systemic application of GLP‐1 (9‐36) in adult mice facilitated both the induction and maintenance phases of hippocampal long‐term potentiation (LTP), a major form of synaptic plasticity. In contrast, spatial learning and memory, as assessed by the Morris water maze test, was not altered by GLP‐1 (9‐36) administration. At the molecular level, GLP‐1 (9‐36) reduced protein levels of the potassium channel Kv4.2 in hippocampus, which is linked to elevated dendritic membrane excitability. Moreover, GLP‐1(9‐36) treatment inhibited phosphorylation of mRNA translational factor eEF2, which is associated with increased capacity for de novo protein synthesis. Finally, we showed that the LTP‐enhancing effects by GLP‐1 (9‐36) treatment in vivo were blunted by application of exendin(9‐39)amide [EX(9‐39)], the GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) antagonist, suggesting its role as a GLP‐1R agonist. These findings demonstrate that GLP‐1 (9‐36), which was considered a “bio‐inactive” peptide, clearly exerts physiological effects on neuronal plasticity in the hippocampus, a brain region critical for learning and memory.
CFD analysis of heat transfer in hexagonal subchannels of super fast reactor in upward flow
Authors: Sahoo LK , Sahoo SK , Roul MK , Swain RK 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA super fast reactor is a fast spectrum, supercritical, water‐cooled reactor. This paper represents CFD analysis of heat transfer in hexagonal subchannels of super fast reactor using FLUENT in ANSYS. The numerical simulation of grid stability was done by considering different mesh sizes and the turbulence model for heat transfer of supercritical water was also carried out and compared with the experimental data. RNG k‐ϵ turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment was considered for simulations. Heat transfer and heat generation rate analysis of the outer surface rod wall is carried out with different subchannels by changing various parameters like boundary conditions and pitch‐to‐diameter ratio. The analyses reveal that the outer surface of the rod wall temperature decreases with increase in pitch‐to‐diameter ratio. Maximum coolant temperature rises in edge subchannels more than corner subchannels. Further analysis is carried out with different mass fluxes. Increases in mass flux has minimal effect on the maximum rod wall surface temperature. Maximum cladding surface temperature for the corner subchannel is less compared to the edge subchannel. Heat generation rate also decreases with increase in pitch‐to‐diameter ratio. This paper also investigates the buoyancy effect on subchannels with varying heat flux as boundary conditions considering constant mass flux.
Suppression of c‐Myc enhances p21WAF1/CIP1‐mediated G1 cell cycle arrest through the modulation of ERK phosphorylation by ascochlorin
Authors: Jeong Yun‐Jeong , Hoe Hyang‐Sook , Cho Hyun‐Ji , Park Kwan‐Kyu , Kim Dae‐Dong , Kim Cheorl‐Ho , Magae Junji , Kang Dong Wook , Lee Sang‐Rae , Chang Young‐Chae 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNumerous anti‐cancer agents inhibit cell cycle progression via a p53‐dependent mechanism; however, other genes such as the proto‐oncogene c‐Myc are promising targets for anticancer therapy. In the present study, we provide evidence that ascochlorin, an isoprenoid antibiotic, is a non‐toxic anti‐cancer agent that induces G1 cell cycle arrest and p21WAF1/CIP1 expression by downregulating of c‐Myc protein expression. Ascochlorin promoted the G1 arrest, upregulated p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1, and downregulated c‐Myc in HCT116 cells. In p53‐deficient cells, ascochlorin enhanced the expression of G1 arrest‐related genes except p53. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) mediated c‐Myc silencing indicated that the transcriptional repression of c‐Myc was related to ascochlorin‐mediated modulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression. Ascochlorin suppressed the stabilization of the c‐Myc protein by inhibiting ERK and P70S6K/4EBP1 phosphorylation, whereas it had no effect on c‐Myc degradation mediated by PI3K/Akt/GSK3β. The ERK inhibitor PD98059 and siRNA‐mediated ERK silencing induced G1 arrest and p21WAF1/CIP1 expression by downregulating c‐Myc in p53‐deficient cells. These results indicated that ascochlorin‐induced G1 arrest is associated with the repression of ERK phosphorylation and c‐Myc expression. Thus, we reveal a role for ascochlorin in inhibiting tumor growth via G1 arrest, and identify a novel regulatory mechanism for ERK/c‐Myc.
Retracted: Expression of nestin in embryonic tissues and its effects on clinicopathological characteristics of patients with placenta previa
Authors: Qiao Yan‐Yan , Chu Ping 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, we examined expression of nestin in the spinal cord, lung, kidney, stomach, colon, and intestine tissues at different stages of embryos in patients with placenta previa. Fetuses of 75 patients with placenta previa were assigned to case group and 80 fetuses from healthy pregnant women with normal placenta who voluntarily terminated pregnancy to control group. Clinical data of pregnant women were collected at the time of admission. Blood from elbow vein was collected to determine expression of serum nestin. Tissues from spinal cord, lung, kidney, stomach, colon, and intestine in 3‐7 months fetuses of the two groups were extracted. Expression of nestin in tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and RT‐qPCR. The mRNA expression of nestin in the case group was increased. Nestin expression was correlated with the gestational age, age of foetus, and type of placenta previa in patients with placenta previa. Positive nestin expression was detected in the spinal cord, lung, kidney, stomach, intestine, and colon tissues in normal and placenta previa embryo at Stage I. The positive cell density and nestin expression decreased at Stage II, and further decreased at Stage III. The case group had higher nestin mRNA and protein levels throughout human fetal development. Findings of this study suggested that, nestin, as a specific marker of neural precursor cells, was expressed in various tissues of the embryo in patients with placenta previa and nestin expression was lower with increased maturation of the embryo.
Income Inequality and Economic Growth Revisited. A Note
Authors: Caraballo Mª. Ángeles , Dabús Carlos , Delbianco Fernando 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe relationship between income inequality and economic growth is estimated using dynamic panel estimation on a sample covering 112 emerging countries for the period 1980–2014. The results show that income inequality has a positive influence on economic growth for richer countries, in line with the classic theory, and a negative effect for poorer countries, as argued by the political economy approach. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analysis and estimation of quadrature errors in weakly singular source integrals of the method of moments
Authors: Botha Matthys M. , Rylander Thomas 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe method of moments (MoM) is used for the numerical solution of electromagnetic field integral equations. Weakly singular integrals over surfaces in 3 dimensions (3D) are routinely evaluated for the impedance matrix setup and for post‐processing. Available numerical integration schemes range from direct application of Gauss‐Legendre product‐rule quadrature, to singularity and near‐singularity cancellation, coordinate transformation schemes. This paper presents a general, explicit, pole‐based, a priori procedure to estimate quadrature errors in the numerical evaluation of weakly singular and near‐singular, 3D surface integrals in the MoM. It is based on an error theorem for linear Gaussian quadrature, which involves the analytic extension of the integrand into the complex plane. Errors are linked to poles in the complex plane. New closed‐form estimates are presented for direct Gaussian product‐rule integration, polar‐coordinate integration, and the Radial‐Angular‐R1‐Sqrt singularity cancellation scheme, for triangle integration domains. This work can serve as a foundation/template for further, 3D MoM‐related work to identify appropriate quadrature schemes according to their error characteristics; for automatic selection of optimal schemes and quadrature orders in a computer implementation of the MoM; and for local and global estimation of MoM quadrature errors. This work can be specialized to the MoM for surfaces in 2D.
Changing relationship between La Niña and tropical cyclone landfalling activity in South China (La Niña and TC landfalling activity in South China)
Authors: Liu Kin Sik , Chan Johnny C. L. 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigates the effect of El Niño–Southern Oscillation and Indo‐Pacific warm pool sea‐surface temperature (SST) on tropical cyclone (TC) landfalling activity along the South China coast and develops a scheme for predicting this activity. In general, landfalling activity tends to be suppressed in El Niño years but a large uncertainty is found for La Niña years. Landfalling activity is generally enhanced in La Niña years before 1997 but suppressed in those after 1997, which may be related to the changes in TC frequency and track pattern over the western North Pacific (WNP) as well as the northward shift in genesis locations. The Indo‐Pacific warm pool SST is found to be related to the TC activity over the WNP and an SST index, defined as the average SST anomalies over the North Indian Ocean and the sea near the Philippines, is used to represent this anomaly. A significant warming of the Indo‐Pacific warm pool is found in the recent decade. The temperature change of this warm pool appears to modulate the TC activity over the WNP and TC landfalling activity in South China in a La Niña year, with an enhancement (a suppression) of TC activity if a cooling (warming) is found. This difference is related to the changes in the strength of monsoon trough, vertical wind shear and steering flow pattern. Based on these results, a schematic prediction scheme of landfalling activity in South China is proposed. Landfalling activity is likely to be normal or below normal if an El Niño event is expected to develop during the TC season. If a La Niña event is expected, and the predicted state of the Indo‐Pacific warm pool (obtained using the persistence forecast) shows a warming (cooling), landfalling activity is likely to be normal or below normal (above normal).
Primary stability of a cementless acetabular cup in a cohort of patient‐specific finite element models
Authors: O'Rourke Dermot , Al‐Dirini Rami MA , Taylor Mark 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTThe primary stability achieved during total hip arthroplasty determines the long‐term success of cementless acetabular cups. Pre‐clinical finite element testing of cups typically use a model of a single patient and assume the results can be extrapolated to the general population. This study explored the variability in predicted primary stability of a Pinnacle® cementless acetabular cup in 103 patient‐specific finite element models of the hemipelvis and examined the association between patient‐related factors and the observed variability. Cups were inserted by displacement‐control into the FE models and then a loading configuration simulating a complete level gait cycle was applied. The cohort showed a range of polar gap of 284–1112 μm and 95th percentile composite peak micromotion (CPM) of 18–624 μm. Regression analysis was not conclusive on the relationship between patient‐related factors and primary stability. No relationship was found between polar gap and micromotion. However, when the patient‐related factors were categorised into quartile groups, trends suggested higher polar gaps occurred in subjects with small and shallow acetabular geometries and cup motion during gait was affected most by low elastic modulus and high bodyweight. The variation in primary stability in the cohort for an acetabular cup with a proven clinical track record may provide benchmark data when evaluating new cup designs. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1012–1023, 2018.