bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Place of electroconvulsive therapy in the treatment of depression in France: A comparative study between clinical practice and international recommendations
Authors: Charpeaud T. , Tremey A. , Courtet P. , Aouizerate B. , Llorca P.M. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesTo study the place of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in the treatment of major depressive disorder in France and compare it with international recommendations and algorithms.MethodMulticenter, retrospective study in 12 French university hospitals. Diagnosis, delay between the onset of the episode and the first day of ECT, previous treatments have been identified. Only patients treated for major depressive disorder between 1 January 2009 and 1 January 2014 were included.ResultsA total of 754 patients were included (middle age 61.07 years, sex ratio 0.53). The diagnoses listed were: first major depressive episode (14.95%), bipolar depression (38.85%) and unipolar recurrent depression (46.19%). The delay before ECT, was 11.01 months (13,98), and was significantly longer for first episodes (16.45 months, P < 0.001) and shorter in case of psychotic symptoms (8.76 months, P < 0.03) and catatonic symptoms (6.70, P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe delay before ECT appears on average, four times longer than recommended by treatment algorithms for the management of major depressive disorder. This long delay could be explained by a very heterogeneous access to this treatment in French territory.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Effectiveness of Three Psychotherapies of Different type and Length in the Treatment of Patients Suffering from Anxiety Disorder
Authors: Knekt P. , Lindfors O. , Maljanen T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionData on the comparative effect of short and long-term psychotherapy in anxiety disorder is scarce.AimTo compare the effectiveness of two short-term therapies and one long-term psychotherapy in the treatment of patients with anxiety disorder.MethodsAltogether 50 outpatients with anxiety disorder as the only axis I diagnosis, were randomly assigned to long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (LPP), short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (SPP), and solution-focused therapy (SFT) and were followed for 5 years. The outcome measures were psychiatric symptoms, working ability, need for psychiatric treatment, remission, and cost-effectiveness.ResultsDuring the first year of follow-up, no significant differences in the effectiveness between the therapies were noted. During the following 3 years, LPP and SFT more effectively reduced symptoms, improved work ability, and elevated the remission rate than SPP. No significant differences between LPP and SFT were seen. At the end of the follow-up, the use of auxiliary treatment was lowest in the SFT group whereas remission rates or changes in psychiatric symptom or work ability did not differ between the groups. The average total direct costs were about three times higher in the LPP group than in the short-term therapy groups.ConclusionsThe difference in effectiveness of LPP and SFT was negligible, whereas SPP appeared less effective. Thus, the resource-oriented SFT may be a cost-effective option in this selected patient group, while unconsidered allocation of patients to LPP does not appear to be cost-effective. Given the small number of patients, no firm conclusions should, however be drawn based on this study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Contribution of EMDR Therapy in the Management of Personality Borderline: About A Clinical Case
Authors: Nafiaa H. , Ouanass A. , Benchikhi L. 
Published: June 2017

EMDR therapy is a new approach to psychotherapy that uses alternating bilateral stimulation, either through the movement of the eyes or through auditory or cutaneous stimuli, to induce rapid resolution of symptoms related to past events. The protocol of EMDR therapy is based on a set of principles that are essential to a humanistic and integrative approach to medicine and health: confidence in the self-healing capacity of each individual, the importance of history personal approach, a person-centered approach, restored power, the importance of mind-body bonding, well-being and performance improvement. Several controlled studies have demonstrated the remarkable effectiveness of EMDR therapy for post-traumatic stress disorder resolution. Indeed, to date, EMDR therapy is one of the best documented methods of treating post-traumatic stress disorder in the scientific literature. We report here the clinical case of a young lady with post-traumatic stress disorder complicated by depressive disorder, on borderline personality, and as comorbidity a polyaddition to tobacco, alcohol and cannabis, and in whom EMDR therapy proved its efficacy in the management of her disease, enabling her to return to a better life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Outcomes Assessment: Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Adaptation of the Outcome Questionnaire (OQ-45)
Authors: Penas P. , Iraurgi I. , Gorbeña S. , Matellanes B. , Montero M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe outcome questionnaire (OQ-45) has been one of the most frequently used instrument to measure clinical outcomes in psychotherapy. Probably due to its subscale structure, its applicability for a variety of disorders and life struggles, its sensitivity to change by repeated measurements and its predictive ability. Given its popularity, OQ-45 has been translated into several languages.ObjectiveAs the Spanish version has not been published, through this poster it is going to show the reliability and the dimensional structure of the OQ-45.MethodOne hundred and thirty-nine patients in clinical settings have completed the Spanish version. Three different confirmatory factor analysis have been calculated to analyze the construct validity.ResultsThe Cronbach Alpha of the instrument was adequate .92, but also, in the three dimensions: symptoms distress (.90), interpersonal relations (.78) and social role (.66). Through the CFA was proved that the Four-factor bi-level model structure [χ2(900) = 3930.47, P < .001, AGF = .86, CFI = .91, RMSEA = .061(.049 to .073)]suited appropriately, in fact, more properly than the three-factor correlated or the three-factor with a second order factor models.DiscussionThe three-factor bi-level model structure of the OQ-45 is confirmed indicating an empirically and clinically relevant measure of client functioning. In this model each item loaded on one of the three subscales originally created. Besides, each item also captures common variance represented by the general factor of overall maladjustment, where this factor may indicate the degree to which respondents are functionally impaired. Thus, OQ-45 is an instrument that could be used for monitoring treatment efficacy and for making informed decisions about clinically significant changes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Disability as Psychological Barrier for Employment in Russia, Implications for Rehabilitation
Authors: Kovyazina M. , Varako N. , Aziatskaya G. , Dobrushina O. , Spiridonov D. , Zarudnaya E. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn Russia there was a misconception about employment of people with physical or cognitive disability that served as a psychological barrier for both employers and applicants. The situation has recently changed and special vacancies for invalids are open in some companies. A patient in residual period of traumatic brain injury (2010) attended our rehabilitation center with the request for employment. He grew up in orphanage and he had no experience of searching for vacancies by himself, also he had reduced communication skills. Moreover, TBI resulted in strong executive functions impairment.Objectives and aimHelp V with employment.MethodsHolistic rehabilitation program was developed for V. so he had a training in computer skills, CV writing and communication with employer. Cognitive-behavioral therapy methods were used while working on understanding of his limits and acceptance of his disability, and goal management training was applied to reduce frontal lobes dysfunction.ResultsAfter 1.5 months of counseling V. demonstrated significant improvement. He started to use e-mail and the Internet to find job openings. He was able to keep independent control of his activities. V. managed to accept his disability, so he declared it in his CV – it finally became crucial in his successful employment as clerk in a bank.ConclusionHolistic approach, which includes social work, neuropsychological rehabilitation and psychological support, is promising to overcome psychological barrier in employment of disabled people.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
SM-5, ICD-11, RDoC and the Future of Psychiatric Classification
Authors: Maj M. 
Published: June 2017

The publication of the DSM-III in 1980 was intended to be a reaction to the evidence of the embarrassingly low reliability of psychiatric diagnoses, which was perceived as a major threat to the credibility of the psychiatric profession. The aims of the DSM-III project were actually two. First, the reliable definition of the diagnostic categories was expected to lead to the collection of research data that would validate those diagnostic entities and in particular elucidate their etiopathogenetic underpinnings. Second, there was an expectation that, by increasing reliability, communication among clinicians would be improved and clinical decisions made more rational. Today, one could say that the first aim of the project has not been achieved, while the fulfilment of the second aim has never been tested appropriately. The crisis of confidence in the DSM paradigm, clearly emerging from the debate following the publication of the DSM-5, has led on the one hand to a renewed emphasis on clinical utility, which is featuring prominently in the ongoing process of development of the ICD-11. On the other hand, it has led to a radical attempt to reform psychiatric nosology starting from neurobiological and behavioural phenotypes. This attempt does have its weaknesses, but may also represent a stimulus to reconceptualize some psychopathological constructs, especially in the area of psychoses, in order to reduce the gap between the level of neuroscience and that of clinical phenomenology.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Psychological Aspects in Parents of Children with Disability and Behavior Problems
Authors: Ricci F. , Levi C. , Nardecchia E. , antonella A. , Andrea P. , Salvatore G. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionParents of children with disabilities are at increased risk of experiencing psychological stress compared to other parents. Children's high levels of internalizing and externalizing problems have been found to contribute to this elevated level of stress. Childhood disability often imposes a social and emotional burden for children and their families.ObjectiveWith this study we evaluated several parents’ psychological aspects and the emotional behavioral functioning of their children with disability.AimTo investigate the possible correlation between parenting stress, level of depression in parents and behavior problems in their children, taking in to account the differences between mothers and fathers.Methodstandardized forms (CBCL, PSI, BDI) were completed from 57 (28 mothers) parents of children aged from 6 to18 years, focusing on psychological well-being includes depression, parenting stress, family resilience and family adjustment.ResultsThe mean age of our sample was 41.55 ± 5.4. The level of depression and stress index were higher in mothers than in fathers. Parenting stress was significantly associated with children internalizing and externalizing behavior problems in children.ConclusionThe results of this investigation indicate the importance of examining relations between parenting stress and behavior problems in children with disabilities. Objective of ensuring the rehabilitation process aimed at the welfare of the family. These patterns have implications for both developmental theory and for service provision for individuals with disability and their families.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Preliminary Validation of the Portuguese Version of the University of Pennsylvania Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (PennCNB) in a Sample of Healthy Controls
Authors: da Motta C. , Carvalho C. Barreto , Castilho P. , Pato M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe advances and massification of technology have allowed new developments in effective assessment methodologies for the evaluation of cognitive functions and associated functions of several brain systems and structures. Computerized test batteries have become more robust alternatives to paper-and-pencil test batteries and useful tools for research in several scientific domains, including psychiatry, psychology, genetics and neurosciences.AimsTo validate and disseminate the Portuguese PennCNP battery for clinical and non-clinical studies.ObjectivesTo translate and provide preliminary psychometric data of the Portuguese PennCNP tests in 9 neurocognitive domains.MethodThe PennCNB (Gur et al., 2010) was translated and administered to a sample of 120 Portuguese participants from the general population.ResultsFindings on the internal consistency and performance (speed and accuracy) are presented for the 19 tasks included in the PennCNB, in addition to results of correlation analysis within tests on the same domain for criterion validity, and gender sensitivity analysis.ConclusionComputerized assessment provides efficient and reliable results, based on performance of abstract.Objective and simple tasks that cover a vast range of cognitive functionsThe administration requires minimal training and provides a quick and automated scoring procedure, with great utility in several research and clinical fields. The availability of a test battery suitable for a large number of Portuguese native-speakers worldwide is of added value, since the translation of measures to several languages allows creating more extensive normative samples and direct results comparability in future research, including transnational or cross-cultural studies and clinical trials.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Systemic Review: High Dose Olanzapine Treatment for Treatment Resistant Schizophrenia
Authors: Azvee Z. , Lally J. 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesSchizophrenia is a major mental illness with a progressive course. Thirty percent of cases of patients with schizophrenia do not respond to adequate trials of at least 2 different groups of antipsychotics are currently classified as having treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Clozapine remains the gold standard, treatment of choice for TRS. However, clozapine does not come without its own challenges. Its risk profile, particularly agranulocytosis, reported in 1% of cases, has led to the necessity of weekly blood counts within the first 18 weeks of treatment and subsequently every month with slow dose titration. Clinically, sedation, weight gain and hypersalivation may further hamper the compliance of patients. Non-compliance has been reported to cause rebound psychosis. Recent studies have raised questions as to which antipsychotic is most efficacious for TRS. Thus, we conducted a systematic review of high dose olanzapine treatment for people with TRS.MethodA systematic review of prospective studies found through search of PubMed, Scopus and hand-searched key papers which included randomized controlled trials and open-label studies which looked at high dose of olanzapine treatment response for TRS.ResultsThe study is currently ongoing and preliminary results will be presented at the conference in April 2017.ConclusionsThe gravity of burden TRS brings to patients extends itself to their families, carers and clinicians. Further evidence on which antipsychotic is more efficacious for patients with TRS would have huge implications in terms of health benefits for the patients, better informed clinical decisions and also health economics in general.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The predictive role of insight for the evolution of the disease in Romanian patients diagnosed with schizophrenia
Authors: Crisan C.A. , Pintea S. , Miclutia I. , Macrea R. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSchizophrenia is a serious disorder that influences all life aspects of the patients. The most important goals in schizophrenia are remission, recovery, improving psychosocial functioning and quality of life, which can be influenced by different factors, especially insight.ObjectivesTo evaluate the awareness of illness in Romanian patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and to determine the predictive role of insight.AimsThis study wants to highlight the importance of the evaluation of insight in psychotic patients, taking into account that awareness leads to compliance with treatment, decreased rate of relapses and rehospitalization and a better prognosis.Material and methodsOverall, 80 patients (44 males and 36 females) recruited from first and second psychiatric clinic Cluj-Napoca, diagnosed according to ICD-10 and DSM-V criteria with schizophrenia and acute psychotic disorder participated in this study. A semi-structured interview collected demographical data. Psychotic symptoms were evaluated using PANSS, severity of the disease using CGI and insight using SUMD.ResultsOur results showed that the most important predictive factors for the evolution were: level of insight (r = −0.41 P < 0.01), presence of family history (r = 0.24 P < 0.05) and belonging to urban areas (r = 0.23 P < 0.05). The level of insight explained 16% of variance of improving psychotic symptoms during hospitalization.ConclusionsThe awareness of illness is one of the predictive factors for long-term schizophrenia and the best predictive model of disease progression is composed of variables SUMD total and PANSS total on admission.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Validation of the Portuguese version of the consumer experiences of stigma questionnaire (CESQ)
Authors: Mendonça L. , Azeredo-Lopes S. , Landeiro I. , Grácio J. , Gonçalves-Pereira M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionTackling stigma and discrimination is a major concern worldwide as demonstrated e.g. in the European Mental Health Action Plan. We need valid and feasible indicators to assess the stigma of mental illness. In Portugal, validated scales focused on mental health consumers’ personal experiences of stigma are scarce. The consumer experiences of stigma questionnaire (CESQ) (Wahl, 1999), developed in collaboration with the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill, focuses on users’ real life experiences. Although it was validated in different countries, some psychometric properties (e.g. test-retest reliability) are to be tested.ObjectivesTo further assess CESQ psychometric properties and to validate its Portuguese translation.MethodsThe CESQ Portuguese translation was developed in collaboration with the author (Otto Wahl), using standard translation and back-translation procedures. The acceptability of items was assessed in pilot studies and discussed in groups also involving health professionals. The measure was then used in a convenience sample of 122 persons with severe mental illness. Assessments included test-retest reliability (n = 48). A factor analysis was also conducted.ResultsOverall, the CESQ translation proved acceptable and missing items were few, not compromising the analysis. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for test-retest reliability was 0.83 [95% CI 0.71–0.90] and Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency was 0.80 [95% CI 0.75–0.85]. In the principal component analysis, factor loadings confirmed the two originally reported domains: stigma and discrimination.ConclusionsThe CESQ Portuguese version demonstrated good validity and reliability, replicating research using the original version and adding to the documentation of its psychometric properties.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gynecological consultations during the period of untreated psychosis
Authors: Calahorro C.M. Carrillo de Albornoz , Jiménez M. Guerrero , Negro J.E. Muñoz 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundTwenty-one percent of women with first episode of psychosis in the south Granada between 2008 and 2014 went to hospital emergency during the duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) aiming a gynecological consultation caused by psychotic symptoms. Only one in five was referred to mental health services.AimsTo improve difficulties detecting cases during the prodromal phase, we aim to analyze the patient's profile and reasons for consultation and study whether there are variables that facilitate referral to specialist intervention.MethodsA retrospective clinical–cases review of medical histories was made searching for sociodemographic variables, drug consumption, emergency services consultations and psychotic prodromal outcomes.ResultsThey were single women between 18–32 years. Sixty percent reported cannabis consumption. All of them live with family. Eighty percent were studying or unemployed. Three types of emergency consultations were reported with a similar incidences: order the emergency-contraception-pill, a pregnancy test or “a scan to check virginity/a nonconsensual relationship”. During the initial exploration, about 40% were under the influence of drugs. Most of them had nonspecific symptoms of anxiety, emotional lability, irritability, etc. In half of the cases were reported weight loss, insomnia and several variations of the usual behavior in recent days.DiscussionThe most important variable is to analyze the reason for consultation. Moreover, substance abuse and a combination of prodromal symptoms including positive and other nonspecific are detected. Furthermore, at the profile with possible demands, we believe it is appropriate not to delay mental health assessment after making the appropriate intervention.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.