bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate Quantitation of Mitochondrial DNA Reveals Uniform Levels in Human Blastocysts Irrespective of Ploidy, Age, or Implantation Potential
Authors: Victor Andrea R. , Brake Alan J. , Tyndall Jack C. , Griffin Darren K. , Zouves Christo G. , Barnes Frank L. , Viotti Manuel 
Published: April 2017

(Abstracted from Fertil Steril 2017;107:34–42)
Changes in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number correlate with several conditions, including aging, myopathies, neuropathies, diabetes, and cancer. Recent studies in human embryos suggested that conditions deviating from the steady state, such as aneuploidy, advanced maternal age, or chemically induced stress, associate with higher mtDNA content.
Early Developmental Outcomes Predicted by Gestational Age From 35 to 41 Weeks
Authors: Dueker Gwenden , Chen Jing , Cowling Candace , Haskin Brian 
Published: April 2017

(Abstracted from Early Hum Dev 2016;103:85–90)
One third of children are born preterm. Studies have found increases in medical complications and cognitive delay among children born even a few weeks before their due date.
Effect of Maternal Retroplacental Leiomyomas on Fetal Growth
Authors: Knight Jordan C. , Elliott John O. , Amburgey O. Laurie 
Published: April 2017

(Abstracted from J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2016;38(12):1100–1104)
Leiomyomas or fibroids are benign tumors that grow from smooth muscle cells and occur most commonly within the uterine wall. The presence of uterine leiomyomas in pregnancy has been associated with fetal growth restriction, malpresentation, cesarean delivery, premature birth, placenta previa, and fetal death, although not all studies support an increased risk of adverse outcomes.
Treating Women Who Are Pregnant and Parenting for Opioid Use Disorder and the Concurrent Care of Their Infants and Children: Literature Review to Support National Guidance
Authors: Klaman Stacey L. , Isaacs Krystyna , Leopold Anne , Perpich Joseph , Hayashi Susan , Vender Jeff , Campopiano Melinda , Jones Hendrée E. 
Published: April 2017

Objectives:
The prevalence of opioid use disorder (OUD) during pregnancy is increasing. Practical recommendations will help providers treat pregnant women with OUD and reduce potentially negative health consequences for mother, fetus, and child. This article summarizes the literature review conducted using the RAND/University of California, Los Angeles Appropriateness Method project completed by the US Department of Health and Human Services Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration to obtain current evidence on treatment approaches for pregnant and parenting women with OUD and their infants and children.

Methods:
Three separate search methods were employed to identify peer-reviewed journal articles providing evidence on treatment methods for women with OUD who are pregnant or parenting, and for their children. Identified articles were reviewed for inclusion per study guidelines and relevant information was abstracted and summarized.

Results:
Of the 1697 articles identified, 75 were included in the literature review. The perinatal use of medication for addiction treatment (MAT, also known as medication-assisted treatment), either methadone or buprenorphine, within comprehensive treatment is the most accepted clinical practice, as withdrawal or detoxification risks relapse and treatment dropout. Medication increases may be needed with advancing pregnancy, and are not associated with more severe neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS). Switching medication prenatally is usually not recommended as it can destabilize opioid abstinence. Postnatally, breastfeeding is seen as beneficial for the infant for women who are maintained on a stable dose of opioid agonist medication. Less is known about ideal pain management and postpartum dosing regimens. NAS appears generally less severe following prenatal exposure to buprenorphine versus methadone. Frontline NAS medication treatments include protocol-driven methadone and morphine dosing in the context of nonpharmacological supports.

Conclusions:
Women with OUD can be treated with methadone or buprenorphine during pregnancy. NAS is an expected and manageable condition. Although research has substantially advanced, opportunities to guide future research to improve maternal and infant outcomes are provided.
Combined Measurement of Soluble ST2 and Amino-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Provides Early Assessment of Severity in Cardiogenic Shock Complicating Acute Coronary Syndrome
Authors: Tolppanen Heli , Rivas-Lasarte Mercedes , Lassus Johan , Sadoune Malha , Gayat Etienne , Pulkki Kari , Arrigo Mattia , Krastinova Evguenia , Sionis Alessandro , Parissis John , Spinar Jindrich , Januzzi James , Harjola Veli-Pekka , Mebazaa Alexandre 
Published: April 2017

Objectives:
Mortality in cardiogenic shock complicating acute coronary syndrome is high, and objective risk stratification is needed for rational use of advanced therapies such as mechanical circulatory support. Traditionally, clinical variables have been used to judge risk in cardiogenic shock. The aim of this study was to assess the added value of serial measurement of soluble ST2 and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide to clinical parameters for risk stratification in cardiogenic shock.

Design:
CardShock (www.clinicaltrials.gov NCT01374867) is a prospective European multinational study of cardiogenic shock. The main study introduced CardShock risk score, which is calculated from seven clinical variables at baseline, and was associated with short-term mortality.

Setting:
Nine tertiary care university hospitals.

Patients:
Patients with cardiogenic shock caused by acute coronary syndrome (n=145).

Interventions:
In this substudy, plasma samples from the study patients were analyzed at eight time points during the ICU or cardiac care unit stay. Additional prognostic value of the biomarkers was assessed with incremental discrimination improvement.

Measurements and Main Results:
The combination of soluble ST2 and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide showed excellent discrimination for 30-day mortality (area under the curve, 0.77 at 12 hr up to 0.93 at 5–10 d after cardiogenic shock onset). At 12 hours, patients with both biomarkers elevated (soluble ST2, ≥ 500 ng/mL and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, ≥ 4,500 ng/L) had higher 30-day mortality (79%) compared to those with one or neither biomarkers elevated (31% or 10%, respectively; p < 0.001). Combined measurement of soluble ST2 and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide at 12 hours added value to CardShock risk score, correctly reclassifying 11% of patients.

Conclusions:
The combination of results for soluble ST2 and amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide provides early risk assessment beyond clinical variables in patients with acute coronary syndrome–related cardiogenic shock and may help therapeutic decision making in these patients.
INVOLVEMENT OF MULTIPLE MOLECULAR PATHWAYS IN THE GENETICS OF OCULAR REFRACTION AND MYOPIA
Authors: Wojciechowski Robert , Cheng Ching-Yu 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
The prevalence of myopia has increased dramatically worldwide within the last three decades. Recent studies have shown that refractive development is influenced by environmental, behavioral, and inherited factors. This review aims to analyze recent progress in the genetics of refractive error and myopia.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search of PubMed and OMIM was conducted to identify relevant articles in the genetics of refractive error.

Results:
Genome-wide association and sequencing studies have increased our understanding of the genetics involved in refractive error. These studies have identified interesting candidate genes. All genetic loci discovered to date indicate that refractive development is a heterogeneous process mediated by a number of overlapping biological processes. The exact mechanisms by which these biological networks regulate eye growth are poorly understood. Although several individual genes and/or molecular pathways have been investigated in animal models, a systematic network-based approach in modeling human refractive development is necessary to understand the complex interplay between genes and environment in refractive error.

Conclusion:
New biomedical technologies and better-designed studies will continue to refine our understanding of the genetics and molecular pathways of refractive error, and may lead to preventative and therapeutic measures to combat the myopia epidemic.
SPECTRAL DOMAIN OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY FEATURES IN DIFFERENT STAGES OF BEST VITELLIFORM MACULAR DYSTROPHY
Authors: Battaglia Parodi Maurizio , Iacono Pierluigi , Romano Francesco , Bandello Francesco 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
To provide a systematic classification of findings regarding the different stages of vitelliform macular dystrophy on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Methods:
Ninety-four eyes of 47 patients were recruited in a prospective cross-sectional study. All patients underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including best-corrected visual acuity using Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) charts, biomicroscopy, and SD-OCT. The findings assessed included vitelliform material, neurosensory detachment, status of external limiting membrane, ellipsoid zone and retinal pigment epithelium, choroidal excavation, foveal cavitation, choroidal neovascularization, vitreomacular traction, and macular hole. The primary outcome measure was the identification of SD-OCT findings in each vitelliform macular dystrophy stage. Secondary outcomes included the correlations between SD-OCT features and visual acuity changes.

Results:
The outer retinal layers (external limiting membrane, ellipsoid zone, and retinal pigment epithelium) were found to be more commonly disrupted in Stages 2 to 4 (range: 86%–100%), whereas their absence was more typical of Stage 5 (71%–86%). Vitelliform material was found in 100% of Stages 2 and 3, 93% of Stage 4, and interestingly in 43% of Stage 5. Eyes characterized by vitelliform material showed a greater correlation with higher best-corrected visual acuity than eyes without it (0.35 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution vs. 0.80 ± 0.36 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution, approximately 20/45 and 20/125 Snellen equivalent, respectively) (t = 3.726, P < 0.05). Moreover, its absence was associated with a best-corrected visual acuity of 0.5 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or worse (approximately 20/63 Snellen equivalent; P < 0.05). Subretinal fluid was more common in Stages 3 and 4 (72.7% and 75%, respectively) than Stages 2 and 5 (P = 0.004). Eyes with subretinal fluid were significantly associated with a visual acuity of 0.2 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution or worse (approximately 20/32 Snellen equivalent; P = 0.04).

Conclusion:
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography assessment primarily indicates an outer retinal layer disruption in Stages 2 to 4, along with the presence of vitelliform material extending into the more advanced clinical stages too. Eyes characterized by the persistence of vitelliform material show better best-corrected visual acuity. Future investigations based on a longitudinal follow-up are warranted to correlate SD-OCT modifications with functional responses to identify SD-OCT indicators for prognostic and therapeutic purposes.
VISUAL ACUITY IMPROVEMENT WHEN SWITCHING FROM RANIBIZUMAB TO AFLIBERCEPT IS NOT SUSTAINED
Authors: Lee Cecilia S. , Kim Alisa J. , Baughman Douglas , Egan Catherine , Bailey Clare , Johnston Robert L. , Natha Salim , Khan Rehna , Brand Christopher , Akerele Toks , McKibbin Martin , Downey Louise , Al-Husainy Saher , Lee Aaron Y. , Tufail Adnan 
Published: April 2017

Purpose:
To assess whether visual benefits exist in switching to aflibercept in patients who have been chronically treated with ranibizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Methods:
A multicenter, national, electronic medical record database study was performed. Patients undergoing six continuous monthly ranibizumab injections and then switched to continuous aflibercept were matched to those on continuous ranibizumab therapy. Matching was performed in a 2:1 ratio and based on visual acuity 6 months before and at the time of the switch, and the number of previous ranibizumab injections.

Results:
Patients who were switched to aflibercept demonstrated transiently significant improvement in visual acuity that peaked at an increase of 0.9 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters 3 months after the switch, whereas control patients continued on ranibizumab treatment showed a steady decline in visual acuity. Visual acuity differences between the groups were significant (P < 0.05) at 2, 3, and 5 months after the switch. Beginning at 4 months after the switch, the switch group showed a visual acuity decline similar to the control group.

Conclusion:
Transient, nonsustained improvement in visual acuity occurs when switching between anti–vascular endothelial growth factor agents, which may have implications in treating patients on chronic maintenance therapy on one anti–vascular endothelial growth factor medication.
“Hot Seat” Simulation Model for Conflict Resolution: A Pilot Study
Authors: Kim Sara , Frans Elise , Bohannon Isaac , Barr Karen , Buttrick Elizabeth , Fehr Ryan , Shannon Sarah E. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Unresolved conflicts in health care threaten both clinician morale and quality of patient care. We piloted a training model that targeted clinicians' conflict resolution skills.

Methods:
Sixty clinicians from local hospitals were randomized into an intervention group (n = 30), completing a 3-hour conflict resolution training session, and a control group (n = 30) without training. The training included facilitated practice with actors, coaching, and feedback. Evaluation of 60 participants' conflict resolution skills was done in videotaped simulations with actors portraying interprofessional colleagues. Global ratings and checklist items developed for assessing clinicians' performance mirrored steps in the conflict communication model.

Results:
The intervention group's performance exceeded the control group on global scores, 7.2 of 10 (SD = 1.6) versus 5.6 (SD = 1.5), p < .05, and checklist scores, 9.3 of 11 (SD = 2.9) versus 7.9 (SD = 1.5), p < .05. Two checklist items showed statistically significant differences: (1) subjects opened the dialogue on a neutral ground before jumping into conflict discussions (intervention: 97% and control: 73%, p < .05) and (2) subjects elicited the colleague's story before sharing their own story (intervention: 70% and control: 27%, p < .05).

Conclusions:
The pilot results suggest that a health care–specific approach to conflict resolution can be effectively taught through facilitated practice, coaching, and feedback.
Salpingo-oophorectomy at the Time of Benign Hysterectomy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Evans Elizabeth Casiano , Matteson Kristen A. , Orejuela Francisco J. , Alperin Marianna , Balk Ethan M. , El-Nashar Sherif , Gleason Jonathan L. , Grimes Cara , Jeppson Peter , Mathews Cara , Wheeler Thomas L. , Murphy Miles 
Published: April 2017

(Abstracted from Obstet Gynecol 2016;128:476–485)
There is a clear survival benefit for prophylactic oophorectomy in patients with inherently higher cancer risk such as those with BRCA1 and BRCA2 and other genetic mutations. For average-risk women, however, cancer risk reduction must be balanced with the consequences of loss of ovarian hormone production and fertility.
Proximity of Uterosacral Ligament Suspension Sutures and S3 Sacral Nerve to Pelvic Landmarks
Authors: Maldonado Pedro A. , Stuparich Mallory A. , McIntire Donald D. , Wai Clifford Y. 
Published: April 2017

(Abstracted from Int Urogynecol J 2017;28:77–84)
A common approach for surgical management of apical vaginal prolapse is use of the high uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) procedure. Definitions of success for this procedure vary; its demonstrated efficacy for apical prolapse ranges from 59% to 98.3%.
The impact of pain-related fear on neural pathways of pain modulation in chronic low back pain
Authors: Meier Michael Lukas , Stämpfli Philipp , Humphreys Barry Kim , Vrana Andrea , Seifritz Erich , Schweinhardt Petra 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Pain-related fear plays a substantial role in chronic low back pain (LBP) by amplifying the experienced disability. Related dysfunctional emotions and cognitions may also affect sensory aspects of pain through a modulatory pathway in which the periaqueductal gray (PAG) and the amygdala play key roles.

Objectives:
We therefore hypothesized a differential amygdala-PAG functional connectivity (FC) in patients with chronic LBP that is modulated by the degree of pain-related fear.

Methods:
We used data of a previously reported fMRI study where 20 chronic LBP patients (7 females, mean age = 39.35) and 20 healthy controls (12 females, mean age = 32.10) were asked to observe video clips showing potentially harmful and neutral activities for the back. Pain-related fear was assessed using the Tampa Scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) and Fear Avoidance Beliefs questionnaires (FABQ). Generalized psychophysiological interactions were used to reveal task-based FC.

Results:
Compared to controls, patients exhibited a significant decrease in amygdala-PAG-FC (P = 0.022) during observation of harmful activities, but not of neutral activities. Furthermore, amygdala-PAG-FC correlated negatively with Tampa Scale of kinesiophobia scores in patients (R
2 = 0.28, P = 0.01) but not with Fear Avoidance Beliefs questionnaires scores.

Discussion:
Our findings might indicate a maladaptive psychobiological interaction in chronic LBP patients characterized by a disrupted amygdala-PAG-FC that is modulated by the degree of pain-related fear. These results shed new light on brain mechanisms underlying psychological factors that may have pronociceptive effects in chronic LBP.
Simplifying the Forehead Flap for Nasal Reconstruction: A Review of 420 Consecutive Cases
Authors: Sanniec Kyle , Malafa Menyoli , Thornton James F. 
Published: April 2017

Background:
The forehead flap is an important tool in nasal reconstruction. The authors present objective data and recommendations based on over a decade of consecutive forehead flap nasal reconstructions performed by the senior author (J.F.T.). In addition, the authors separate the technique into its individual steps and provide details of the senior author’s approach to each.

Methods:
The authors performed a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent nasal reconstruction with the forehead flap over a 10-year period performed by the senior author (J.F.T.). Each case was evaluated for defect location, pedicle design, time of division, number of stages, use of cartilage grafts, lining reconstruction, donor-site closure, and complications.

Results:
Four hundred twenty patients underwent forehead flap nasal reconstruction. Average time to pedicle division was 32 days. Three-fourths of patients completed reconstruction in two stages. Defects most commonly involved the nasal ala and tip. Approximately half of patients received cartilage grafts and half underwent lining reconstruction. There were 16 complications, ranging from partial flap loss to postoperative death (n = 1).

Conclusions:
Confidently grasping the nuances of forehead flap nasal reconstruction arms the reconstructive surgeon with a reliable tool that can effectively treat a variety of defects. It is safe to use in an outpatient setting even in elderly patients. Recommendations include ipsilateral flap design and turn-in component as the first choice for lining replacement.

CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:
Therapeutic, IV.
Components of the Hanging Columella: Strategies for Refinement
Authors: Rohrich Rod J. , Afrooz Paul N. 
Published: April 2017

Summary:
The columella is a significant factor in the aesthetic balance of the nose, particularly the lower one-third of the nose. Its position is dependent on the anatomical constituents of the columella, and neighboring anatomical structures. Six components of the hanging columella have been identified: the caudal septum, medial crura, columellar skin, membranous septum, anterior nasal spine, and depressor septi nasi muscle. Columellar refinement begins with a careful analysis and diagnosis of the contributing components, followed by surgical techniques to address these components individually. The cumulative effect of correction of individual components appropriately positions the columella and contributes significantly to the enhancement of nasal aesthetics. Refinement of the columella can be achieved through appropriately trimming the caudal septum; repositioning and reshaping the medial crura; excising redundant columellar skin, membranous septum, and nasal mucosa; appropriately contouring the anterior nasal spine; and dividing the depressor nasi septi nasi.
Complexity of EEG Reflects Socioeconomic Context and Geofootprint
Authors: Parameshwaran Dhanya , Thiagarajan Tara C. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTThe fine scale structure and resulting activity of the brain are largely shaped by experience, suggesting that the faster rate and complexity of experience offered by modern civilization may have significant impact on human brain dynamics. Here we defined a new measure of complexity of the EEG signal and compared it across populations spanning incomes from <$1/day to ∼$410/day with a wide range of access to features of modern life such as urban environments, higher education, electricity, motorized transport and telecommunication. Complexity across our sample spanned a 2.75-fold range, separating into two distinct distributions of pre-modern and modern experience. Furthermore, complexity scaled systematically with various technologies and experience factors, of which travel or geofootprint had the strongest relationship. Complexity also had a steep non-linear relationship with income that leveled out at an income of ∼$30/ day. Finally, it was strongly correlated to performance on a pattern completion task indicating its relevance as a cognitive measure. In light of growing income inequality and divergence in access to the tools of modern living across the globe, our findings have significant implications for social policy.
JEPEGMIX2: improved gene-level joint analysis of eQTLs in cosmopolitan cohorts
Authors: Chatzinakos Chris , Lee Donghyung , Webb Bradley T , Vladimirov Vladimir I , Kendler Kenneth S , Bacanu Silviu-Alin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMotivationTo increase detection power, researchers use gene level analysis methods to aggregate weak marker signals. Due to gene expression controlling biological processes, researchers proposed aggregating signals for expression Quantitative Trait Loci (eQTL). Most gene-level eQTL methods make statistical inferences based on i) summary statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and ii) linkage disequilibrium (LD) patterns from a relevant reference panel. While most such tools assume homogeneous cohorts, ourGene-levelJointAnalysis of functional SNPs inCosmopolitanCohorts (JEPEGMIX) method accommodates cosmopolitan cohorts by using heterogeneous panels. However, JEPGMIX relies on brain eQTLs from older gene expression studies and does not adjust for background enrichment in GWAS signals.ResultsWe propose JEPEGMIX2, an extension of JEPEGMIX. When compared to JPEGMIX, it uses i) cis-eQTL SNPs from the latest expression studies and ii) brains specific (sub)tissues and tissues other than brain. JEPEGMIX2 also i) avoids accumulating averagely enriched polygenic information by adjusting for background enrichment and ii), to avoid an increase in false positive rates for studies with numerous highly enriched (above the background) genes, it outputs gene q-values based on Holm adjustment of p-values.Contactchris.chatzinakos@vcuhealth.orgSupplementary informationSupplementary material is available at Bioinformatics online.