bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall: Radiotherapy versus surgery
Authors: De Felice Francesca , Blanchard Pierre , Levy Antonin , Nguyen France , Gorphe Philippe , Janot François , Temam Stéphane , Tao Yungan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundTreatment strategy in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the posterior pharyngeal wall is still being debated.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis according to delivered treatment.ResultsOne hundred eighty patients were treated between 1997 and 2011. Eighty‐nine patients (49.4%) received surgery +/‐ radiotherapy (RT), whereas 91 (50.6%) received definitive RT +/‐ chemoradiotherapy (RT/CRT). Five‐year overall survival (OS) was 33.4%. There was a significant 5‐year OS benefit in surgical treatment versus RT/CRT (43% vs 24.1%; p = .002). Multivariate analysis showed that current smokers, T3 to T4 classification, well‐differentiated SCC, and nonsurgical treatment were associated with reduced OS. Subgroup analysis showed significant survival benefit of surgical treatment compared with RT/CRT in patients with T1 to T2 but not in T3 to T4 disease.ConclusionSurgical management translated into a survival benefit, even in early T classification. These results should be interpreted with caution for selection bias. Surgery remains the standard of care in localized posterior pharyngeal wall SCC. Primary CRT should be considered for nonoperable disease. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 38: E1722–E1729,
The minipig as a new model for the evaluation of doxorubicin‐induced chronic toxicity
Authors: Manno Rosa Anna , Grassetti Andrea , Oberto Germano , Nyska Abraham , Ramot Yuval 
Published: November 2015

AbstractDoxorubicin can cause life‐threatening toxic effects in several organs, with cardiotoxicity being the major concern. Although a large number of animal models have been utilized to study doxorubicin toxicity, several restrictions limit their use. Since the Göttingen minipig is an accepted species for non‐clinical safety assessment and translation to man, we aimed at exploring its use as a non‐rodent animal model for safety assessment and regulatory toxicity studies using doxorubicin. Three groups of three males and three females adult Göttingen minipigs received 1.5 mg kg−1, 3/2.3 mg kg−1 or vehicle at intervals of 3 weeks for 7 cycles. Doxorubicin treatment resulted in a dose‐related decrease in the erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit count, accompanied by leukopenia and thrombocytopenia. Bone marrow smears revealed dose‐related hypocellularity. Urea and creatinine levels were elevated in treated animals, associated with proteinuria and hematuria. Histopathological evaluation detected nephropathy and atrophy of hematopoietic tissues/organs, mucosa of the intestinal tract and male genital tract. Cardiac lesions including chronic inflammation, endocardial hyperplasia, hemorrhage and myxomatous changes were evident in hematoxylin and eosin stains, and evaluation of semi‐thin sections showed the presence of dose‐related vacuolation in the atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes. Cardiac troponin levels were increased in the high‐dose group, but there was no direct correlation to the severity of the histopathological lesions. This study confirms that the Göttingen minipig has a comparable toxicity profile to humans and considering its anatomical, physiological, genetic and biochemical resemblance to humans, it should be considered as the non‐rodent species of choice for studies on doxorubicin toxicity. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Histomorphometry and Bone Matrix Mineralization Before and After Bisphosphonate Treatment in Boys With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Paired Transiliac Biopsy Study
Authors: Misof Barbara M , Roschger Paul , McMillan Hugh J , Ma Jinhui , Klaushofer Klaus , Rauch Frank , Ward Leanne M 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACT

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disorder causing progressive muscle weakness. To prolong independent ambulation, DMD patients are treated with glucocorticoids, which, in turn, can increase bone fragility. In a cohort with vertebral fractures, intravenous bisphosphonate (iv BP) therapy stabilized vertebrae and reduced back pain. To characterize the effects of glucocorticoid therapy and bisphosphonate treatment on bone tissue and material properties, paired transiliac biopsy samples (before and after on average 2.4 years of iv BP) from 9 boys with DMD were studied for histomorphometry and bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD) and compared to reference values. Before iv BP, the boys had low cancellous bone volume (BV/TV) and cortical thickness (Ct.Wi) (both on average 56% of the healthy average, p &lt; 0.001 versus reference), and mineralizing surface (MS/BS) in the lower normal range (on average 74% of the healthy average). The average degree of mineralization of cancellous (Cn.CaMean) and cortical compartments (Ct.CaMean) was 21.48 (20.70, 21.90) wt% and 20.42 (19.32, 21.64) wt%, respectively (median [25th, 75th percentiles]), which was not different from reference. After iv BP, BV/TV and Ct.Wi were, on average, unchanged. However, at the individual patient level, BV/TV Z-scores increased in 2, remained unchanged in 4, and declined in 3 patients. Additionally, on average, MS/BS decreased (–85%, p &lt; 0.001), Cn.CaMean (+2.7%) increased, whereas the heterogeneity of cancellous (Cn.CaWidth –19%) and cortical bone mineralization (Ct.CaWidth –8%, all p &lt; 0.05) decreased versus baseline. The changes in bone mineralization are consistent with the antiresorptive action of iv BP. At the same time, our observations point to the need for novel therapies with less or absent bone turnover suppression, including the fact that bone turnover was low even before bisphosphonate therapy, that bone turnover declined further (as expected) with treatment, and that declines in trabecular bone volume were observed in some boys despite bisphosphonate therapy. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
Connecting Theory, Research, and Practice in the Psychology of Creativity: An Introduction to a Special Issue
Authors: Tan Ai‐Girl 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA special issue “Connecting theory, research, and practice in the psychology of creativity” is compiled with contributions from creativity researchers across continents. The full papers were submitted by Beth Hennessey from the United States of America (U.S.), Maciek Karwowski from Poland, as well as Lene Tanggaard and Vlad Glaveanu from Denmark. The papers were blind‐reviewed. Three commentaries on these papers were authored by Anna Hui from Hong Kong China, James Kaufman from U.S., and Ai‐Girl Tan and Meng‐Ee Wong from Singapore. The special issue serves as a preliminary convergent effort to bridge theories and practices, to embrace multiple research methods of inquiry, and to explore a common ground for advancing knowledge of creativity in the science of psychology.
Effect of seed pelleting with biocontrol agents on growth and colonisation of roots of mungbean by root‐infecting fungi
Authors: Ramzan Nadia , Noreen Nayara , Perveen Zahida , Shahzad Saleem 
Published: December 2015

AbstractBACKGROUNDMungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) is a leguminous pulse crop that is a major source of proteins, vitamins and minerals. Root‐infecting fungi produce severe plant diseases like root rot, charcoal rot, damping‐off and stem rot. The soil‐borne pathogens can be controlled by chemicals, but these chemicals have several negative effects. Use of microbial antagonist such as fungi and bacteria is a safe, effective and eco‐friendly method for the control of many soil‐borne pathogens. Biological control agents promote plant growth and develop disease resistance. Application of bacteria and fungi as seed dressing suppressed the root‐infecting fungi on leguminous crops.RESULTSSeeds of mungbean were pelleted with different biocontrol agents to determine their effect on plant growth and colonisation of roots by root‐infecting fungi, viz. Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Pythium aphanidermatum, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotium rolfsii. Treatment of mungbean seeds with fungal antagonists showed more shoot and root length as compared to bacterial antagonists, whereas seed treated with bacterial antagonists showed maximum shoot and root weight. Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis were the best among all the biocontrol agents since they provided the highest plant growth and greater reduction in root colonisation by all root‐infecting fungi. Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma virens, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Micrococcus varians were also effective against root‐infecting fungi but to a lesser extent. T. harzianum, T. virens, B. subtilis and P. fluorescens were found to be best among all biocontrol agents.CONCLUSIONThe root‐infecting fungi can be controlled by pelleting seeds with biocontrol agents as it is safe and effective method. Additionally, plant growth was promoted more by this method. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry
Mental Health Over Time in a Military Sample: The Impact of Alcohol Use Disorder on Trajectories of Psychopathology After Deployment
Authors: Sampson Laura , Cohen Gregory H. , Calabrese Joseph R. , Fink David S. , Tamburrino Marijo , Liberzon Israel , Chan Philip , Galea Sandro 
Published: December 2015

AbstractTo identify trajectories of depression and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom groups after deployment and determine the effect of alcohol use disorder on these trajectories, depression symptoms were modeled using the 9‐item Patient Health Questionnaire in 727 Ohio National Guard members, and PTS symptoms were modeled using the PTSD Checklist in 472 Ohio National Guard members. There were 55.8% who were resistant to depression symptoms across the 4 years of study, and 41.5% who were resistant to PTS symptoms. There were 18.7% and 42.2% of participants who showed resilience (experiencing slightly elevated symptoms followed by a decline, according to Bonanno et al., 2002) to depression and PTS symptoms, respectively. Mild and chronic dysfunction constituted the smallest trajectory groups across disorders. Marital status, deployment to an area of conflict, and number of lifetime stressors were associated with membership into different latent groups for depression (unstandardized β estimates range = 0.69 to 1.37). Deployment to an area of conflict, number of lifetime traumatic events and education predicted membership into different latent groups for PTS (significant unstandardized β estimate range = 0.83 to 3.17). AUD was associated with an increase in both symptom outcomes (significant unstandardized β estimate range = 0.20 to 9.45). These results suggested that alcohol use disorder may have contributed substantially to trajectories of psychopathology in this population.
Bio‐lubricant flow behaviour in mini‐channels
Authors: Safari Alaleh , Emami Nazanin , Cervantes Michel J. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractOne of the most common causes of failures in total joint replacements is the generation of wear particles within the joint. This contributes to bone lost and aseptic loosening of the implant, eventually requiring its replacement. Many studies have been carried out to improve the wear characteristics of bearing surfaces in total joint replacement. From the lubrication point of view, the friction behaviour of surfaces and rheology of the joint lubricant (synovial fluid) have been extensively studied. However, little attention has been paid to the interaction between the lubricant and the bearing surfaces. The aim of this study is to develop a methodology for studying the behaviour of bio‐based lubricant in mini‐channels. For this purpose, micro‐particle image velocimetry was used in order to characterise the lubricant behaviour. Channels made of relevant materials such as ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene, cobalt–chromium–molybdenum alloy and titanium–aluminium–vanadium alloy with 1 and 1.5 mm width, 45 mm length and 2 mm depth were experimentally investigated. Results suggested that the used polymeric solution interaction with solid surfaces is very sensitive to the polymer concentration in the lubricant. Moreover, it was observed that there exist differences between water (Newtonian reference fluid) and the polymeric solution behaviour even at very simple movements; although usually, the properties of this lubricant at high shear rates are estimated by water properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Meta‐audit of laboratory ISO accreditation inspections: measuring the old emperor's clothes
Authors: Wilson Ian G. , Smye Michael , Wallace Ian J. C. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAccreditation to ISO/IEC 17025 is required for EC official food control and veterinary laboratories by Regulation (EC) No. 882/2004. Measurements in hospital laboratories and clinics are increasingly accredited to ISO/IEC 15189. Both of these management standards arose from command and control military standards for factory inspection during World War II. They rely on auditing of compliance and have not been validated internally as assessment bodies require of those they accredit. Neither have they been validated to criteria outside their own ideology such as the Cochrane principles of evidence‐based medicine which might establish whether any benefit exceeds their cost. We undertook a retrospective meta‐audit over 14 years of internal and external laboratory audits that checked compliance with ISO 17025 in a public health laboratory. Most noncompliances arose solely from clauses in the standard and would not affect users. No effect was likely from 91% of these. Fewer than 1% of noncompliances were likely to have consequences for the validity of results or quality of service. The ISO system of compliance auditing has the performance characteristics of a poor screening test. It adds substantially to costs and generates more noise (false positives) than informative signal. Ethical use of resources indicates that management standards should not be used unless proven to deliver the efficacy, effectiveness, and value required of modern healthcare interventions.
Slice‐selective adiabatic magnetization T2‐preparation (SAMPA) for efficient T2‐weighted imaging at ultrahigh field strengths
Authors: Dyvorne Hadrien , Balchandani Priti 
Published: December 2015

PurposeAt high field, T2‐weighted (T2w) imaging is limited by transmit field inhomogeneity and increased radiofrequency power deposition. In this work, we introduce SAMPA (Slice‐selective Adiabatic Magnetization T2 PrepAration) and demonstrate its use for efficient brain T2w imaging at 7 Tesla (T).MethodsSAMPA was designed by subsampling an optimized B1 insensitive rotation (BIR4) waveform with small tip angle linear subpulses. To perform T2w imaging, SAMPA was inserted before a fast gradient echo acquisition. The off‐resonance behavior, B1 robustness, and slice selectivity of the novel T2 preparation module were analyzed using Bloch simulations. The performance of SAMPA for T2w imaging was demonstrated in phantom experiments as well as in the brains of healthy volunteers at 7T.ResultsBased on simulations, the proposed design operates at peak B1 of 15 μT and higher, within a 400 Hz bandwidth. T2 values were in strong agreement with spin echo‐based T2 mapping in phantom experiments. Whole brain, interleaved multislab three‐dimensional imaging could be acquired with 0.8 mm3 isotropic resolution in 5:36 min per T2 weighting.ConclusionCompared with previous adiabatic T2 preparation techniques, SAMPA allows for slice‐selectivity, which can lead to efficient and robust acquisitions for T2w imaging at high field. Magn Reson Med 76:1741–1749, 2016. © 2015 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
Validity, specificity, feasibility and acceptability of a brief pediatric distress thermometer in outpatient clinics
Authors: Wiener Lori , Battles Haven , Zadeh Sima , Widemann Brigitte C. , Pao Maryland 
Published: December 2015

AbstractObjectivePsychosocial distress is under‐recognized in children with cancer and other serious medical illnesses because of a focus on pressing medical concerns.AimsThis study assessed the validity, inter‐rater reliability, sensitivity/specificity, acceptability, and feasibility of administration of a pediatric distress thermometer (DT) designed to screen for the presence of psychosocial distress in youth with serious medical illnesses.Materials & MethodsTwo hundred eighty‐one patient–caregiver–provider triads were enrolled from two hospital outpatient clinics. Patients diagnosed with cancer and other life‐threatening diseases, caregivers, and providers completed the DT and a DT acceptability rating. Patients and caregivers completed standardized measures of anxiety, depression, pain, and fatigue. Providers completed a measure of disease severity. Data collectors completed a feasibility rating.ResultsThe DT was significantly correlated with both caregiver and patient reports of depression, anxiety, pain, and fatigue, exhibiting concurrent validity. Parent, child, and caregiver report demonstrated significant, moderate inter‐rater reliability, with lower concordance between raters in the youngest age group. The DT is a sensitive instrument for screening of psychosocial distress when compared with the selected gold standard (Brief Symptom Inventory 18 depression subscale and the Children's Depression Inventory). The DT is not highly specific but quickly identifies those in need of further psychosocial assessment.DiscussionScreening, using an adapted pediatric DT, is valid, feasible, and acceptable to patients, caregivers, and medical providers across chronic medical illnesses.ConclusionAs patient and caregiver reports are not always concordant, both patient and caregiver report of distress are important for the provider to obtain clinically meaningful information to guide interventions. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
Social Theory and Nursing Practice
Authors: Porter Sam 
Published: December 2015

This volume launches an exciting new series which explores the relationship between sociological principles and nursing practice. It introduces the nurse to social theory, and examines its importance in the development of nursing's own theoretical base. The relevance of theory to what is essentially a practical discipline is amply demonstrated.
This book and its followers will be essential reading for students at both pre-registration and post-registration levels. Many practitioners will also find much to stimulate them.
On the universality of local dissipation scales in turbulent channel flow
Authors: Bailey S. C. C. , Witte B. M. 
Published: December 2015

Well-resolved measurements of the small-scale dissipation statistics within turbulent channel flow are reported for a range of Reynolds numbers from $Re_{{\it\tau}}\approx 500$ to 4000. In this flow, the local large-scale Reynolds number based on the longitudinal integral length scale is found to poorly describe the Reynolds number dependence of the small-scale statistics. When a length scale based on Townsend’s attached-eddy hypothesis is used to define the local large-scale Reynolds number, the Reynolds number scaling behaviour was found to be more consistent with that observed in homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. The Reynolds number scaling of the dissipation moments up to the sixth moment was examined and the results were found to be in good agreement with predicted scaling behaviour (Schumacher et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 111, 2014, pp. 10961–10965). The probability density functions of the local dissipation scales (Yakhot, Physica D, vol. 215 (2), 2006, pp. 166–174) were also determined and, when the revised local large-scale Reynolds number is used for normalization, provide support for the existence of a universal distribution which scales differently for inner and outer regions.
High educational performance is a distinctive feature of bipolar disorder: a study on cognition in bipolar disorder, schizophrenia patients, relatives and controls
Authors: Vreeker A. , Boks M. P. M. , Abramovic L. , Verkooijen S. , van Bergen A. H. , Hillegers M. H. J. , Spijker A. T. , Hoencamp E. , Regeer E. J. , Riemersma-Van der Lek R. F. , Stevens A. W. M. M. , Schulte P. F. J. , Vonk R. , Hoekstra R. , van Beveren N. J. M. , Kupka R. W. , Brouwer R. M. , Bearden C. E. , MacCabe J. H. , Ophoff R. A. ,   GROUP Investigators
Published: December 2015

BackgroundSchizophrenia is associated with lower intelligence and poor educational performance relative to the general population. This is, to a lesser degree, also found in first-degree relatives of schizophrenia patients. It is unclear whether bipolar disorder I (BD-I) patients and their relatives have similar lower intellectual and educational performance as that observed in schizophrenia.MethodThis cross-sectional study investigated intelligence and educational performance in two outpatient samples [494 BD-I patients, 952 schizophrenia spectrum (SCZ) patients], 2231 relatives of BD-I and SCZ patients, 1104 healthy controls and 100 control siblings. Mixed-effects and regression models were used to compare groups on intelligence and educational performance.ResultsBD-I patients were more likely to have completed the highest level of education (odds ratio 1.88, 95% confidence interval 1.66–2.70) despite having a lower IQ compared to controls (β= −9.09,s.e.= 1.27,p< 0.001). In contrast, SCZ patients showed both a lower IQ (β= −15.31,s.e.= 0.86,p< 0.001) and lower educational levels compared to controls. Siblings of both patient groups had significantly lower IQ than control siblings, but did not differ on educational performance. IQ scores did not differ between BD-I parents and SCZ parents, but BD-I parents had completed higher educational levels.ConclusionsAlthough BD-I patients had a lower IQ than controls, they were more likely to have completed the highest level of education. This contrasts with SCZ patients, who showed both intellectual and educational deficits compared to healthy controls. Since relatives of BD-I patients did not demonstrate superior educational performance, our data suggest that high educational performance may be a distinctive feature of bipolar disorder patients.
Effects of perceptual training on second language vowel perception and production
Authors: INCEOGLU SOLÈNE 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis study investigates whether audiovisual training leads to greater improvement in perception and production than auditory training. The participants (n= 60) were American English native speakers enrolled in intermediate French courses. They received audiovisual training, audio-only training, or no training, and were tested at pretest and posttest on their perception and production of French nasal vowels. The results suggest that both training groups improved significantly from the pretest to the posttest, but that the differences between the audiovisual and audio-only groups were not statistically significant. However, the production of the audiovisual training group improved significantly more than the production of the audio-only training group did, suggesting that seeing facial gestures leads to greater improvement in pronunciation.