bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Studies of the Core Conditions of the Earth and Super-Earths Using Intense Ion Beams at FAIR
Authors: Tahir N. A. , Lomonosov I. V. , Borm B. , Piriz A. R. , Shutov A. , Neumayer P. , Bagnoud V. , Piriz S. A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Using detailed numerical simulations, we present the design of an experiment that will generate samples of iron under extreme conditions of density and pressure believed to exist in the interior of the Earth and interior of extrasolar Earth-like planets. In the proposed experiment design, an intense uranium beam is used to implode a multilayered cylindrical target that consists of a thin Fe cylinder enclosed in a thick massive W shell. Such intense uranium beams will be available at the heavy-ion synchrotron, SIS100, at the Facility for Antiprotons and Ion Research (FAIR), at Darmstadt, which is under construction and will become operational in the next few years. It is expected that the beam intensity will increase gradually over a couple of years to its maximum design value. Therefore, in our studies, we have considered a wide range of beam parameters, from the initial beam intensity (“Day One”) to the maximum specified value. It is also worth noting that two different focal spot geometries have been used. In one case, a circular focal spot with a Gaussian transverse intensity distribution is considered, whereas in the other case, an annular focal spot is used. With these two beam geometries, one can access different parts of the Fe phase diagram. For example, heating the sample with a circular focal spot generates a hot liquid state, while an annular focal spot can produce a highly compressed liquid or a highly compressed solid phase depending on the beam intensity.
Incidence of pests and viral disease on pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.) in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan
Authors: Kim Ok-Kyung , Ishikawa Tadashi , Yamada Yoshihiro , Sato Takuma , Shinohara Hirosuke , Takahata Ken 
Published: August 2017

The solanaceous fruit crop pepino (Solanum muricatum Ait.), originating in the Andes, is grown commercially in South American countries and New Zealand. In these areas, pests and diseases of pepino have been identified well; however, to date, these have seldom been investigated in detail in Japan. Herein, we attempt to reconstruct an agricultural production system for commercial pepino crops in Japan, and evaluate the incidence of pests and viral diseases on pepino. The findings of this study will facilitate in developing a better crop system for the commercial cultivation of healthy pepino fruits.
A total of 11 species, comprising nine insects and two mites, were recognized as pests of pepino plants in our experimental fields in Kanagawa Prefecture, central Honshu, Japan. Of these pest species, the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch, 1836 and the cotton aphid Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877, were remarkably abundant than the other pest species. Eventually, 13 species, including two previously recorded, are currently recognized as the pests of pepino in Japan. With regard to viruses, we tested two species Alfalfa mosaic virus (AMV) and Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), as well as three genera Carlavirus, Potexvirus, and Potyvirus. No virus was detected in symptomatic pepino leaves collected in our experimental fields. This is a first report on the identification of pests on pepino plants in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan and elucidates the relationship between currently occurring pests of pepino plants and potential viral pathogens that they can transmit.
Pierre Nora, éditeur
Authors: Simonin Anne , Fouché Pascal 
Published: August 2017

Dans cet entretien Pierre Nora retrace sa double carrière d’historien et d’éditeur. Après avoir enseigne à Sciences Politiques, il a été directeur d’études à l’Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales pendant vingt ans. Il a crée la collection « Archives » en 1964 et est entré chez Gallimard en 1966 pour s’occuper des sciences humaines. Il a fondé la revue Le Débat en 1980 et a dirigé Les Lieux de Mémoire parus chez Gallimard entre 1984 et 1993.
La réhabilitation comme coup éditorial : infortunes et fortune de Jack London en France
Authors: Lacassin Francis 
Published: August 2017

Le témoignage de Francis Lacassin, éditeur des œuvres de Jack London dans la collection « 10/18 », montre comment en 1973 il a ressuscité un auteur, qui n’était plus publié en France depuis plus de trente ans, en organisant son lancement grâce à la volonté d’un éditeur de poche. Le succès lui a permis de publier une cinquantaine de volumes en douze ans dont certains, recueils de textes disparates, étaient inédits en langue anglaise.
Justice au travail et travail du droit : invitations à une sociologie différenciée du droit et de la justice
Authors: Michel Hélène 
Published: August 2017

L’étude sociologique des conflits du travail devant les tribunaux doit beaucoup aux développements des travaux qui empruntent à trois traditions de recherche : l’analyse de l’action collective, les études du syndicalisme et des relations professionnelles et la sociologie du droit et de la justice. Toutefois, même en articulant ces trois perspectives d’analyse, les travaux en restent à une approche généraliste du droit et de la justice, occultant la spécificité du droit du travail et de ses juridictions dans la régulation et la résolution des conflits. Au-delà du cas du travail, cet article plaide pour une approche différenciée du droit et de la justice susceptible de rendre compte à la fois des logiques de l’action, qu’elle soit collective ou individuelle, et des effets du travail juridique et judiciaire sur les différents secteurs économiques et sociaux.
Les pratiques militantes d’un avocat travailliste contre des restructurations d’entreprises
Authors: Tonneau Jean-Philippe 
Published: August 2017

Les restructurations et les licenciements collectifs ont fait la une de la presse nationale et régionale, ou tout au moins ont occupé, ces dernières années, une place de choix dans les pages économiques et/ou judiciaires. Pour autant les chercheurs se sont peu penchés sur la contestation judiciaire et juridique menée par les élus du personnel et sur les relations entretenues avec leur avocat. À partir des archives professionnelles de l’avocat Tiennot Grumbach, l’article relate l’épisode juridique de cinq restructurations d’entreprise. Dans un premier temps, il tente de saisir l’usage syndical par le bas des élus syndicaux en s’intéressant à leur mobilisation du droit et son articulation avec d’autres modes d’actions. Dans un deuxième temps, l’article s’interroge sur les raisons du recours au droit et à T. Grumbach par les représentants du personnel. L’engagement d’une procédure par les élus pour contester la restructuration leur permet de gagner du temps, d’encadrer la mobilisation et les salariés, et de peser dans les négociations avec la direction de leur entreprise.
De jeunes salariés confrontés à l’(in)justice du travail : recours aux prud’hommes et effets socialisateurs de l’épreuve judiciaire
Authors: Trémeau Camille 
Published: August 2017

À partir d’une enquête menée au Conseil de Prud’hommes de Nantes auprès de jeunes salariés, cet article propose d’interroger la genèse de leurs mobilisations judiciaires. Il montre que le sentiment d’injustice ne constitue pas systématiquement le « moteur » du recours au Conseil de Prud’hommes, ou encore l’unique élément déclencheur du conflit. Certes, aux yeux des enquêtés, les épreuves vécues au travail nécessitent une reconnaissance et une réparation de nature symbolique et/ou pécuniaire. Mais aux usages offensifs des Prud’hommes s’articulent des logiques plus défensives, lorsque l’action en justice vise avant tout à mettre fin au contrat de travail. L’article éclaire par ailleurs les effets socialisateurs de l’épreuve judiciaire. Au terme de la procédure, si les savoirs juridiques et procéduraux des enquêtés peuvent s’accroître, ils demeurent le plus souvent limités à l’expérience vécue. En revanche, l’appréhension des relations salariales par les requérants apparaît transformée. L’expérience prud’homale consacre ainsi l’existence d’intérêts antagoniques entre employeur et salarié, et les encourage à développer un sentiment d’avoir « droit à avoir des droits ».
Evaluation of a Health Literacy Program for Chronic Conditions
Authors: Elmer Shandell , Bridgman Heather , Williams Andrew , Bird Marie-Louise , Murray Sandra , Jones Rachael , Cheney Michael 
Published: August 2017

Background:
Although much is known about health literacy in concept and practice, more research is needed to understand the mechanisms that improve health literacy and result in healthy behavior change. This is particularly so for those at risk of or living with chronic conditions who reside in communities experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage.

Objective:
The program aimed to improve the prevention and management of chronic conditions by responding to health literacy needs.

Methods:
A health literacy program, underpinned by Ophelia principles, was developed in consultation with three Neighbourhood Houses located in areas of socioeconomic disadvantage. Four 7-week group programs were delivered by a multidisciplinary team of academic health professionals. The evaluation aimed to explain how the design, content, and approach to delivery resulted in healthy behavior change and increased health literacy for the participants. Four focus groups were conducted to elicit feedback about the participants' experience of the program and recommendations for future programs. Data were thematically analyzed. The focus groups were attended by 22 (43%) of the total 51 program participants. Most of the participants were women with one or more chronic condition and residing in an area of socioeconomic disadvantage.

Key Results:
Four major themes were identified including the components of self-determination theory (SDT) (autonomy and competence and relatedness) and a separate, but related theme of empowerment. Recommendations for improving future programs were categorized separately.

Conclusions:

The SDT framework is a useful and novel approach to explaining the evaluation outcomes, the application of the Ophelia principles' underpinning design of the program, and the contribution of a multidisciplinary team of academic health professionals. Future programs will benefit from the SDT as a planning and evaluation framework, as well as understanding the long-term effects of the program within the broader community.

[
Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2017;1(3):e100–e108.]

Plain Language Summary:
A team of health professionals developed a 7-week group program that they delivered in the community setting to people who were living with or at risk of developing chronic conditions. The evaluation showed the benefit of providing health information in ways that can be understood and acted upon, as well as the value of a group program that fosters participation.
<b>Ensinar Filosofia para ensinar a filosofar
Authors: Alves Antônio José Lopes , Silva Sabina Maura 
Published: August 2017

No presente artigo, toma-se para exame a querela inaugurada pela assertiva kantiana de que não se é possível ensinar filosofia, mas tão somente a filosofar. O objetivo é analisar a pertinência da questão, bem como a apropriação que dela se fez no contexto das discussões acerca do ensino de filosofia, o qual é preponderantemente calcado numa contraposição abstrata entre o pensar e o pensamento. A argumentação, aqui, recoloca em bases diferentes, não dicotômicas, as relações entre produto e produção intelectuais. Chama-se a atenção para o quanto esse reposicionamento é importante para o trabalho pedagógico em filosofia. Seria Kant um precursor das proposituras não diretivas em pedagogia? O pensador de Königsberg teria realmente invalidado a utilização do texto da tradição em sala de aula? Para exame da propositura de Kant, parte-se de seu contexto, as formulações contidas no Anúncio do programa de lições do semestre de inverno de 1765-1766.
Proton Therapy in the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Katsoulakis Evangelia , Chernichenko Natalya , Schreiber David 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
To examine the value of proton therapy in relation to other treatment modalities in head and neck cancer.

Review
Proton therapy has evolved into more sophisticated and costly intensity-modulated proton therapy and has resulted in even greater dose reduction to normal critical structures at risk as compared with photon therapy. Early clinical studies in head and neck cancers, especially for tumors of the skull base and paranasal sinuses, suggest that proton therapy is excellent in terms of local control and is comparable to intensity-modulated radiation therapy photons but with lower rates of morbidity.

Results
There are many potential advantages to radiation therapy with protons. While there are many single institution studies examining the added value of protons to photon therapy, the value of proton therapy must be examined in prospective randomized clinical studies and across many subsites of head and neck cancer. Additional evidence is necessary to guide efficient clinical practice, patient selection, and tumors that are most likely to benefit from this treatment modality and justify proton therapy use given its significant cost.

How to cite this article
Katsoulakis E, Chernichenko N, Schreiber D. Proton Therapy in the Treatment of Head and Neck Cancer. Int J Head Neck Surg 2017;8(2):45-48.
The Evolution of Staging of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Structured Review
Authors: Le Mina N , Lee Erica , Singh Bhuvanesh 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT
Among non-melanoma skin cancers, cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma entails the highest morbidity and mortality, and yet there is little guidance on how to identify the subset of cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas that behave aggressively. The staging of non-melanoma skin cancers is meant to provide this guidance, by dividing patients into groups for which survival differs between groups, is similar within each group, and consistently decreases with each increasing stage group. In the present review, we explore the history of how the staging of non-melanoma skin cancers, focusing on cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas, has evolved over time. We describe the common criticisms leveled at the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging rubric. We discuss alternative staging systems that have recently been proposed, and how they have stood up to validation. Finally, we preview the AJCC staging changes that will go into effect next year and lay out some future directions for the improvement of skin cancer staging.

How to cite this article
Le MN, Lee E, Singh B. The Evolution of Staging of Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinomas: A Structured Review. Int J Head Neck Surg 2017;8(2):57-63.
Müllerian Anomalies: A Cause for Primary Amenorrhea
Authors: Bhalerao Anuja V , Garg Richa 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Primary amenorrhea is a challenging entity as it affects the reproductive outcome. Primary amenorrhea is an absence of secondary sexual characters until 14 years of age or absence of menstruation with secondary sexual characters until 16 years of age.

Aim
The aim of this article is to study the frequency, etiologic causes, presentation, diagnosis, and optimal mode of management of primary amenorrhea.

Materials and methods
All girls who had not attained menarche until 16 years of age in the absence of secondary sexual characters and until 14 years, if no secondary sexual characters, and were willing for follow-up were subjected to investigations and were treated as per the etiology.

Results
Mayer–Rokitansky–Küster–Hauser (MRKH) syndrome was the most common cause of primary amenorrhea (42.85%) followed by imperforate hymen (28.57%) and transverse vaginal septum (21.42%), one each of low, mid, and high varieties. There was one case of androgen insensitivity syndrome.

Conclusion
Establishing correct diagnosis is essential for planning treatment and management strategies in primary amenorrhea as treatment goals are preservation of fertility and progression of normal development.

How to cite this article
Bhalerao AV, Garg R. Müllerian Anomalies: A Cause for Primary Amenorrhea. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(3):221-224.
Gender-based Violence in Women attending Gynecology Outpatient Department in a Hospital of Western Nepal: An Issue of Endurance and Invisibility
Authors: Aryal Shreyashi , Pant Sagun B , Baniya Sebina 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionGender-based violence (GBV) is faced by many women in Nepal but health-seeking behavior is rare. A reproductive health facility may be the only place where a woman comes for a health visit. So, health care providers, especially gynecologists, play an important role to identify women suffering from GBV as they see clients suffering from the reproductive health effects of GBV on a daily basis. The purpose of this study was to find the prevalence and severity of GBV in women attending the outpatient department (OPD) and to compare their clinical diagnosis with those not facing GBV.Materials and methodsThis is a prospective study conducted at Lumbini Medical College Teaching Hospital for a period of 3 months enrolling 741 nonpregnant women attending the OPD. A structured questionnaire was used for interview to identify women facing abuse and to assess their gynecological problems.ResultsOut of 741 women, 172 faced GBV, so the prevalence was 23.21%. Emotional and physical abuse was the most common type of abuse faced by 56 (32.56%), but the severity was reported more in sexual abuse [8 (57.14%)]. Pain abdomen was the most common symptom [69 (40.12%)], and chronic pelvic pain (CPP) [60 (34.89%)] was the commonest clinical diagnosis made in these women. Chronic pelvic pain was diagnosed more in women facing abuse (p < 0.001).ConclusionIn this study, about one in four women in reproductive age group had experienced GBV. Gynecology OPD of a tertiary hospital could be used as a screening setting that can assist in early detection and prevention of GBV in Nepal.How to cite this articleAryal S, Pant SB, Baniya S. Gender-based Violence in Women attending Gynecology Outpatient Department in a Hospital of Western Nepal: An Issue of Endurance and Invisibility. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(3):225-229.
Internal Iliac Artery Ligation: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Different Approaches
Authors: Jyothi GS 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
To describe two different approaches of performing internal iliac artery ligation and their usefulness in different clinical situations.

Introduction
Internal iliac artery ligation is a very useful method to control pelvic hemorrhage. It can become a necessity at any point of time while performing obstetric or gynecological surgeries, and it is a procedure that needs to be accomplished in a matter of few minutes, before the patient goes into irreversible shock.

Techniques
Internal iliac artery ligation can be done by approaching the artery by opening the retroperitoneal space, either by dividing the round ligament or by opening the pouch of Douglas. The internal iliac artery is identified by locating the bifurcation of the common iliac artery with the ureter crossing it. The external iliac artery is the lateral branch of the common iliac artery and it runs a straight course to continue as the femoral artery in the lower limb. The ureter is identified by peristalsis, and the internal iliac artery is the short medial branch of the common iliac which runs a short course and immediately divides into an anterior and a posterior division, which in turn divide into a number of branches. The uterine artery is the branch of anterior division of the internal iliac artery. The internal iliac artery is ligated by passing a stout suture material under it with the help of a right-angled forceps, or it can be directly occluded with clips, applied using a clip applicator.

Conclusion
Both the approaches are equally effective and easy to perform. Approaching the internal iliac artery through the round ligament is easier in gynecological surgeries, whereas the pouch of Douglas approach is easier during cesarean section.

Clinical significance
Internal iliac artery ligation is almost always performed as an emergency, though the need to perform it can be anticipated in advance and the gynecologist can be prepared for it. It is essential for gynecologists to be conversant with this life and a uterus-saving procedure. There are two approaches of doing this procedure and the choice is entirely on the individual. It may not be possible to approach the pouch of Douglas when there are dense adhesions as in case of a frozen pelvis. And it may be time-consuming to approach the internal iliac artery by dividing the round ligaments when there is postpartum hemorrhage. Therefore, it is useful to know both the approaches, because one might encounter a situation where one may find it difficult to follow the technique one is familiar with.

How to cite this article
Podder AR, Jyothi GS. Internal Iliac Artery Ligation: A Retrospective Analysis of Two Different Approaches. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(3):230-234.
Female Sterilization Failure reported during 5 Years at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Survey
Authors: Guleria Kiran , Suneja Amita , Gupta Rashmi 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACT

Aim
To study the changing trends of female sterilization failures reported during past 5 years (October 2011 to September 2016), and their etiological factors and outcome of pregnancies resulting due to failure at a tertiary center.

Materials and methods
A retrospective study was conducted that included all women who had reported as tubal ligation failure in the family planning unit of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in our institution during a 5-year span (2011 to 2016). Data were collected from case records maintained in the Family Planning Unit and Medical Record Department.

Results
Sixty-eight cases of sterilization failure with longest interval of 19 years were documented, out of which 21 (30.9%) were interval laparoscopic ligation, 29 (42.6%) medical termination of pregnancy with lap ligation, 2 (0.9%) postpartum sterilization, and 10 (14.7%) concurrent with lower segment cesarean section. Only 37 (54.41%) patients reported failure in 1st trimester, 4 (5.8%) were beyond 20 weeks gestation, and 2 (2.9%) presented as ruptured ectopic pregnancy. There were six cases (14%) of spontaneous recanalization, three (6.9%) due to tuboperitoneal fistula, and 79% due to improper surgical technique.

Conclusion
Female sterilization failure is a proven entity that can occur at any age, method, and interval. Failures due to improper technique can be prevented by following standard guidelines for tubal sterilization.

How to cite this article
Sharma R, Gupta R, Guleria K, Suneja A. Female Sterilization Failure reported during 5 Years at a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital: A Retrospective Survey. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2017;9(3):245-249.