bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of vitamin A palmitate, β-carotene and retinoic acid on the growth and incidence of deformities in larvae of red sea bream Chrysophrys major
Authors: Hernández-H LH , Teshima S , Koshio S , Ishikawa M , Gallardo-Cigarroa FJ , Alam MS , Uyan O 
Published: August 2017

The effects of vitamin A palmitate (VAP; 2.7, 27 and 165 mg/100 g diet),
β-carotene (βC; 1, 9 and 50 mg/100 g diet) and retinoic acid (RA; 2.8, 28 and 166 mg/100 g diet) on the incidence of deformities in red sea bream (Chrysophrys major) larvae were examined using zein-based micro-bound diets during 15 days. Growth (final body weight, weight gain and total length) and survival rate were affected by the increasing supplementation of these compounds. The abnormalities observed in the larvae included the compression or apparent fusion of the segments in the notochord and mouth deformities. Compression/apparent fusion of the segments was detected mainly in vertebrae of the hemal zone, affecting the total length of larvae. Incidence of these deformities increased with increasing levels of VAP,
βC and RA in the diets, but a significantly higher percentage of affected vertebrae was observed in the larvae fed the diets containing RA. The effect of βC was unclear in the present experiment, since only the highest concentration caused significant incidence. The results of this study show that dietary vitamin A may be related to the vertebral deformities in red sea bream larvae.
O Caso da Renda Renascença: Uma Análise sobre as Decisões de Compra de Produtos Culturais
Authors: Oliveira Daniela Vasconcelos e , Lucian Rafael 
Published: August 2017

<p>O estudo do comportamento do consumidor brasileiro a partir da sua decisão de compra vem sendo investigado pela academia do marketing, principalmente observando os fatores que influenciam a decisão do consumidor no processo de compra. Contudo, este artigo apresenta um novo foco para o estudo do processo de decisão de compra, com uma perspectiva de um produto com forte apelo da tradição cultura. Após o estudo do fenômeno, cinco fatores de influência de compra foram escolhidos para esta pesquisa: cultura, papeis e posições sociais, grupos de referência, situacionais e família. Em seguida, também foram definidas duas variáveis de tipificação de compra: encantamento e imediatismo. Com o questionário definido, 50 pessoas responderam o modelo que posteriormente foi validado no TRI - Teste de Resposta ao Item, após os ajustes no instrumento a coleta foi realizada com mulheres que compraram renda renascença de 02 a 12 de julho de 2015, durante a XVI edição da FENEARTE – Feira Nacional de Negócio do Artesanato, realizada em Olinda, Pernambuco. Após a coleta, os dados quantitativos foram analisados com o teste de Qui-quadrado para testar a significância estatística da associação entre fatores de influência escolhidos e as duas variáveis de compra. Com os resultados apresentados, das 10 hipóteses definidas, 4 hipóteses da compra por contemplação não foram refutadas, bem como, 2 hipóteses da compra por impulso. Na conclusão do artigo são apresentadas as diferenças dos cinco fatores que influenciam o processo de decisão de compra por impulso e contemplação de produtos com tradição cultural.</p>
ADOPT: A tool for automatic detection of tectonic plates at the surface of convection models
Authors: Mallard C. , Jacquet B. , Coltice N. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMantle convection models with plate‐like behavior produce surface structures comparable to Earth's plate boundaries. However, analyzing those structures is a difficult task, since convection models produce, as on Earth, diffuse deformation and elusive plate boundaries. Therefore we present here and share a quantitative tool to identify plate boundaries and produce plate polygon layouts from results of numerical models of convection: Automatic Detection Of Plate Tectonics (ADOPT). This digital tool operates within the free open‐source visualization software Paraview. It is based on image segmentation techniques to detect objects. The fundamental algorithm used in ADOPT is the watershed transform. We transform the output of convection models into a topographic map, the crest lines being the regions of deformation (plate boundaries) and the catchment basins being the plate interiors. We propose two generic protocols (the field and the distance methods) that we test against an independent visual detection of plate polygons. We show that ADOPT is effective to identify the smaller plates and to close plate polygons in areas where boundaries are diffuse or elusive. ADOPT allows the export of plate polygons in the standard OGR‐GMT format for visualization, modification, and analysis under generic softwares like GMT or GPlates.
Seasonal iron depletion in temperate shelf seas
Authors: Birchill Antony J. , Milne Angela , Woodward E. Malcolm S. , Harris Carolyn , Annett Amber , Rusiecka Dagmara , Achterberg Eric P. , Gledhill Martha , Ussher Simon J. , Worsfold Paul J. , Geibert Walter , Lohan Maeve C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractOur study followed the seasonal cycling of soluble (SFe), colloidal (CFe), dissolved (DFe), total dissolvable (TDFe), labile particulate (LPFe), and total particulate (TPFe) iron in the Celtic Sea (NE Atlantic Ocean). Preferential uptake of SFe occurred during the spring bloom, preceding the removal of CFe. Uptake and export of Fe during the spring bloom, coupled with a reduction in vertical exchange, led to Fe deplete surface waters (<0.2 nM DFe; 0.11 nM LPFe, 0.45 nM TDFe, and 1.84 nM TPFe) during summer stratification. Below the seasonal thermocline, DFe concentrations increased from spring to autumn, mirroring NO3− and consistent with supply from remineralized sinking organic material, and cycled independently of particulate Fe over seasonal timescales. These results demonstrate that summer Fe availability is comparable to the seasonally Fe limited Ross Sea shelf and therefore is likely low enough to affect phytoplankton growth and species composition.
Why 2015 was a strong El Niño and 2014 was not
Authors: Wang Guomin , Hendon Harry H. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAnomalous oceanic and atmospheric conditions in the tropical Pacific were similar in the early months of 2014 and 2015, both apparently favoring onset of El Niño. Despite high expectations, the 2014 event did not truly take hold, but the 2015 event developed into a very strong El Niño. Here we argue that mean state differences played important roles in promoting El Niño in 2015 and not favoring growth in 2014. We show that the mean state difference in the Pacific between 2015 and 2014 was similar to the shift from cold phase to warm phase of the Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation (IPO). We demonstrate that this mean state change affected El Niño development between the two years using a forecast sensitivity experiment. The cold IPO‐like mean state during 2014 acted to reduce the coupled feedbacks, while the warm IPO‐like mean state of 2015 acted to enhance the coupled feedbacks.
Composition of the low seismic velocity E′ layer at the top of Earth's core
Authors: Brodholt John , Badro James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractUsing ab initio simulations on Fe‐Ni‐S‐C‐O‐Si liquids, we constrain the origin and composition of the low‐velocity layer E′ at the top of Earth's outer core. We find that increasing the concentration of any light element always increases velocity and so a low‐velocity and low‐density layer (for stability) cannot be made by simply increasing light element concentration. This rules out barodiffusion or simple sedimentation of a light phase for its origin. However, exchanging elements can—depending on the elements exchanged—produce such a layer. We evaluate three possibilities. First, crystalization of a phase from a core may make such a layer, but only if the core contains more than one light element and only if crystalizing phase is very Fe rich. Second, the E′ layer may result from incomplete mixing of an early Earth core with a late impactor, depending on the light element compositions of the impactor and Earth's core. Third, using thermodynamic models for metal‐silicate partitioning, we show that a reaction between the core and an FeO‐rich basal magma ocean can result in a light and slow layer.
Revisiting the observed correlation between weekly averaged Indian monsoon precipitation and Arabian Sea aerosol optical depth
Authors: Sharma Disha , Miller Ron L. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDust influences the Indian summer monsoon on seasonal time scales by perturbing atmospheric radiation. On weekly time scales, aerosol optical depth retrieved by satellite over the Arabian Sea is correlated with Indian monsoon precipitation. This has been interpreted to show the effect of dust radiative heating on Indian rainfall on synoptic (few‐day) time scales. However, this correlation is reproduced by Earth System Model simulations, where dust is present but its radiative effect is omitted. Analysis of daily variability suggests that the correlation results from the effect of precipitation on dust through the associated cyclonic circulation. Boundary layer winds that deliver moisture to India are responsible for dust outbreaks in source regions far upwind, including the Arabian Peninsula. This suggests that synoptic variations in monsoon precipitation over India enhance dust emission and transport to the Arabian Sea. The effect of dust radiative heating upon synoptic monsoon variations remains to be determined.
Characterization of a novel scale maille contralateral breast shield: SMART Armor
Authors: Butson Macinley , Carroll Susan , Butson Martin , Hill Robin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDuring breast radiotherapy treatment, the contralateral breast receives radiation doses to the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused mainly from incident electron contamination and low energy photon scatter radiation. Measurements have shown that for a typical hybrid tangential treatment, these dose levels can be up to 17% of maximum applied prescription dose if no shielding is used during the treatment process. This work examined the use of different shielding metals, aluminum, copper, and lead to reduce peripheral radiation dose to evaluate the optimal metal to form the basis of a contralateral breast radiation shield. This work also shows a simple but novel method to substantially reduce this unwanted radiation dose with the use of a copper scale maille sheet which can be easily and accurately draped over a patient's contralateral breast during treatment. The copper scale maille is flexible and can thus conform around typical breast shapes. It can also form irregular shaped edges to match those outlined by typical tangential treatment fields. As the shield is made from copper, it is nontoxic and can potentially be used directly on patients for treatment. The designed copper scale maille has shown to reduce contralateral breast skin and subcutaneous dose by up to 80% for typical radiation fields used in breast radiotherapy.
Neural Electrodes Based on 3D Organic Electroactive Microfibers
Authors: Marroquin Jason B. , Coleman Harold A. , Tonta Mary A. , Zhou Kun , Winther‐Jensen Bjorn , Fallon James , Duffy Noel W. , Yan Edwin , Abdulwahid Ammar A. , Jasieniak Jacek J. , Forsythe John S. , Parkington Helena C. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNeural electrodes used for in vivo biomedical applications (e.g., prostheses, bionic implants) result in glial invasion, leading to the formation of a nonexcitable scar that increases the distance between neurons and electrode and increases the resistance to current flow. The result is progressive deterioration in the performance of stimulation or recording of neural activity and inevitable device failure. Also, electrodes with a 2D surface have a limited proximity to neurons. In the present study, a macroporous and fibrous 3D neural electrode is developed using poly‐L‐lactic acid fibrous membranes imbued with electroactive properties via a coating of the conductive polymer poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT), using vapor phase polymerization. The electrical properties of the PEDOT‐coated substrates are studied using sheet resistance and impedance. PEDOT electrode biocompatibility is assessed through in vitro assays using patch‐clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging of isolated and cultured rat hippocampal neurons. PEDOT fibers support robust normal functional development of neurons, including synaptic networking and communication. Stimulation and recording of activity in brain slices and from the surface of the brain using 3D‐PEDOT fibrous electrodes are indistinguishable from recordings using conventional glass or platinum electrodes. In vivo studies reveal minimal reactive gliosis in response to electrode implantation.
Bridging Dealumination and Desilication for the Synthesis of Hierarchical MFI Zeolites
Authors: Yang Shitu , Yu Chenxi , Yu Lili , Miao Shu , Zou Mingming , Jin Changzi , Zhang Dazhi , Xu Longya , Huang Shengjun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe rational design of zeolite‐based catalysts calls for flexible tailoring of porosity and acidity beyond micropore dimension. To date, dealumination has been applied extensively as an industrial technology for the tailoring of zeolite in micropore dimension, whereas desilication has separately shown its potentials in the creation of mesoporosities. The free coupling of dealumination with desilication will bridge the tailoring at micro/mesopore dimensions; however, such coupling has been prevailingly confirmed as an impossible mission. In this work, a consecutive dealumination–desilication process enables the introduction of uniform intracrystalline mesopores (4–6 nm) into the microporous Al‐rich zeolites. The decisive impacts of steaming step have been firstly discovered. These findings revitalize the functions of dealumination in porosity tailoring, and stimulate the pursuit of new methods for the tailoring of industrially relevant Al‐rich zeolites.
The Pathmox approach for PLS path modeling: Discovering which constructs differentiate segments
Authors: Lamberti Giuseppe , Banet Aluja Tomas , Sanchez Gaston 
Published: August 2017

The problem of heterogeneity represents a very important issue in the decision‐making process. Furthermore, it has become common practice in the context of marketing research to assume that different population parameters are possible depending on sociodemographic and psycho‐demographic variables such as age, gender, and social status. In recent decades, numerous approaches have been proposed with the aim of involving heterogeneity in the parameter estimation procedures. In partial least squares path modeling, the common practice consists of achieving a global measurement of the differences arising from heterogeneity. This leaves the analyst with the important task of detecting, a posteriori, which are the causal relationships (ie, path coefficients) that produce changes in the model. This is the case in Pathmox analysis, which solves the heterogeneity problem by building a binary tree to detect those segments of population that cause the heterogeneity. In this article, we propose extending the same Pathmox methodology to asses which particular endogenous equation of the structural model and which path coefficients are responsible of the difference.
A model‐based protocol for the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease
Authors: Castaldello Christopher , Galvanin Federico , Casonato Alessandra , Padrini Roberto , Barolo Massimiliano , Bezzo Fabrizio 
Published: August 2017

AbstractVon Willebrand disease (VWD) is one of the main inherited coagulation disorders. It is caused by a deficiency and/or a dysfunction of the von Willebrand factor (VWF), a fundamental multimeric glycoprotein involved in the hemostasis process. Correct detection of the disease is not an easy task because the disease manifests itself in many variants and a high intra‐subject variability is observed. For these reasons, the diagnostic clinical trials typically rely on a 24‐h sampling protocol, which makes the overall test long, stressful, and costly. Using a new pharmacokinetic model derived from Galvanin et al.'s 2014 study, this study aims at i) assessing the theoretical possibility to perform a shorter clinical test and ii) proposing a set of model‐based diagnostic methods as a support for the clinical team. A preliminary information analysis is performed in order to understand which sampling instants are more informative for model identification. This allowed us to propose a novel, 8‐h diagnostic protocol, which is still able to ensure model identifiability. Three alternative diagnostic methods are then proposed based on this short‐length clinical protocol. One of them directly uses the pharmacokinetic model, whereas the other two are based on the use of three indices (two pharmacokinetic indices, namely clearance, total VWF released, and as third index the basal multimer ratio) to formulate the diagnosis problem as a classification one. The classification problem is then solved using K‐nearest neighbours and linear discriminant analysis. Results show the theoretical feasibility of a VWD diagnosis based on a shorter protocol.
Design and optimization of the separation process of acrylic acid and corresponding esters from aqueous solution of formaldehyde–a systematic procedure
Authors: Li Jie , Yang Dan , Peng Zhijian , Li Chunshan , Nie Yi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe design and optimization of the separation process of acrylic acid and corresponding esters in formaldehyde aqueous solution was systematically researched in this work. Thermodynamics was provided for formaldehyde, acrylic acid, and corresponding esters system according to the particularly. On basis of the thermodynamics, optional separation sequence and separation technology were designed, which reduced separation complexity and search scope. In addition, system integration including process optimization and energy integration were optimized in detail in the procedure. The proposed systematic procedure was applied to acrylic acid and corresponding esters production using methyl acetate and formaldehyde as raw materials. The systematic procedure provided a significant guidance for the separation of the formaldehyde, acrylic acid, and corresponding esters.
Using KBase to Assemble and Annotate Prokaryotic Genomes
Authors: Allen Benjamin , Drake Meghan , Harris Nomi , Sullivan Tarah 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe DOE Systems Biology Knowledgebase (KBase, http://kbase.us/) is an open‐access bioinformatics software and data platform for analyzing plants, microbes, and their communities. KBase enables scientists to create, execute, collaborate on, and share reproducible analyses of their biological data in the context of public data and private collaborator data. For microbiologists researching prokaryotes, KBase offers analysis tools for performing quality control and assessment of Next‐Generation Sequencing reads, de novo assembly, genome annotation, and tools for analyzing structural and functional features of genomes. This unit demonstrates an example workflow for taking a comparative and iterative approach to assembly and annotation of prokaryotic genomes using KBase that can be used by microbiologists seeking to perform isolate analysis in a rapid and reproducible fashion. © 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Electro‐oxidation of Methanol and Ethanol Catalyzed by Pt/ZSM‐5/C
Authors: Daas Basu Maan , Ghosh Susanta 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDirect alcohol fuel cells are a promising source of future energy generation for small and portable devices. Platinum is considered the best catalyst for electro‐oxidation of alcohols in fuel cells but the major hurdles with platinum catalysts are high cost of platinum as well as low selectivity, slow reaction kinetics and carbonaceous poisoning associated with platinum. This particular research reports electro‐oxidation of methanol and ethanol over platinum electrodeposited on ZSM‐5 without any carbon additive. From the cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, linear sweep voltammetry, tafel plot and multiple scan analyses, it is found that Pt/ZSM‐5/C electrodes can catalyze electro‐oxidation of methanol and ethanol with higher efficiency. ZSM‐5 supports the formation of smaller sized platinum nanoparticles in a dispersed manner on the zeolite support and thus increases the active surface area of the metal for catalytic activity. It favors adsorption of alcohol molecules on the modified electrode surface and thus increases the diffusion process. It also stabilizes the modified electrodes.
A Novel Enzymatic Glucose Biosensor and Nonenzymatic Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor Based on (3‐Aminopropyl) Triethoxysilane Functionalized Reduced Graphene Oxide
Authors: Guler Muhammet , Turkoglu Vedat , Kivanc Mehmet Riza 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the present study, a novel enzymatic glucose biosensor using glucose oxidase (GOx) immobilized into (3‐aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) functionalized reduced graphene oxide (rGO‐APTES) and hydrogen peroxide sensor based on rGO‐APTES modified glassy carbon (GC) electrode were fabricated. Nafion (Nf) was used as a protective membrane. For the characterization of the composites, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X‐ray powder diffractometer (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. The electrochemical properties of the modified electrodes were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and amperometry. The resulting Nf/rGO‐APTES/GOx/GC and Nf/rGO‐APTES/GC composites showed good electrocatalytical activity toward glucose and H2O2, respectively. The Nf/rGO‐APTES/GC electrode exhibited a linear range of H2O2 concentration from 0.05 to 15.25 mM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.017 mM and sensitivity of 124.87 μA mM−1 cm−2. The Nf/rGO‐APTES/GOx/GC electrode showed a linear range of glucose from 0.02 to 4.340 mM with a LOD of 9 μM and sensitivity of 75.26 μA mM−1 cm−2. Also, the sensor and biosensor had notable selectivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability.
A new chamber design for measuring nitrous oxide emissions in maize crops
Authors: Olfs Hans-Werner , Westerschulte Matthias , Ruoss Nicolas , Federolf Carl-Philipp , Zurheide Tim , Vergara Hernandez Maria Elena , Neddermann Nikolas , Trautz Dieter , Pralle Herbert , Fuß Roland , Well Reinhard 
Published: August 2017

AbstractNitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from agricultural land are often estimated by measuring changes in N2O concentrations over a given period in the headspace of a gas‐sampling chamber covering a specific soil area. This technique is particularly challenging in tall growing row crops such as maize (Zea maysL.), to which farmers regularly apply fertilizer banded below the seeds to ensure good crop development. Placing chambers in the inter‐row space leads to bias in flux measurements, due to exclusion of fertilized and rhizosphere soil. Chambers for N2O flux measurements should therefore be placed centered over the row. A new split chamber for gas sampling was developed in this study from a closed, rectangular chamber (original chamber: 78 cm × 78 cm, 51 cm height). The new chamber is applicable for use for the complete maize growing cycle until harvest. For each flux measurement, the two parts of the chambers are placed in a gas‐tight seal on a collar previously inserted into soil covering a representative area of land. In a later growth stage, when plant height exceeds chamber height, stalks of developed maize plants can be fixed between the two chamber parts through a rubber‐tightening opening on the top of the chamber. Air tightness of the split chamber was tested in the laboratory and the split chamber was compared with the original chamber in a field experiment with slurry injection under maize seeds. The laboratory test demonstrated similar air tightness of both chamber types. The field test yielded almost identical N2O fluxes for the original chamber (244 µg N2O‐N m−1h−1) and the split‐chamber (254 µg N2O‐N m−1h−1). It can be concluded that the split chamber is an adequate gas‐sampling unit, with particular advantages when flux measurements are conducted in tall growing row crops.