bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated Planning and Drilling Approach Efficiently Navigates the Uncertainty of a Challenging Horizontal Evaluation Well
Authors: Ghamdi Muataz Al , Yami Fahad Al , Shafy Mohamed El , Beltagy Mohamed El 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Horizontal, heterogeneous reservoirs of low permeability present various challenges and drilling risks. The likelihood of encountering potential problems can be greatly increased when there is a minimal understanding of geology and pressure regime in the area of interest. A similar case was tackled while drilling an observation well.
The drilling challenges were carefully recognized and highlighted to be properly addressed. Planning and risk mitigation measures included the introduction of a set of drilling and tripping practices to minimize potential risks while drilling the well. Details of the comprehensive evaluation program and logging tools were discussed along with drilling fluid design. In addition, rigorous efforts were exerted on BHA design, drilling dynamic modeling, torque-and-drag simulation, and hydraulic management.
The integrated planning and drilling approach implemented in the subject well has ensured the safety of drilling operations through real-time formation pressure evaluation, which has allowed for quick mud weight control while drilling. In addition, the drilling fluid was pre-treated with sized bridging materials to build an impermeable filter across the anticipated streaks of permeable intervals. Improved drilling and tripping practices have helped in drilling a trouble-free well, where the risk of differential sticking was minimized. An advanced well-engineering software was used to design the rotary steerable system (RSS) and the logging-while-drilling bottomhole assembly to reduce the severity of stick/slip vibration and minimize wellbore contact across the lengthy BHA. This has led to an enhanced and optimized drilling performance, which was complemented by real-time monitoring to allow for on-the-spot decision making. The collected data in the well will help in identifying and modeling reservoir characteristics in terms of porosity, permeability, formation pressure, and fracture identification.
The employed integrated planning and drilling approach has successfully enabled meeting the objective of a challenging well in which a high level of uncertainty was present. The delivery of the well will help in making better reservoir management decisions and increasing the confidence in geological and petrophysical models.
Grain Sorghum Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer following Cover Crops
Authors: Fontes Giovani Preza , Tomlinson Peter J. , Roozeboom Kraig L. , Ruiz Diaz Dorivar A. 
Published: October 2017

Grain sorghum growth and development was affected by cover crop and N management.
Sorghum–sudangrass cover crop prior to grain sorghum required N to maintain yield.
Late maturing soybean cover crop increased grain sorghum yield at suboptimal N rates.
Late maturing soybean cover crop, N fertilizer replacement value of 44 kg N ha–1.
Cover crops (CCs) can affect N fertilizer management by influencing nutrient cycling and N fertilizer requirement. Cropping systems with different CCs were established in 2007 to examine the response of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Four CC treatments {summer legume, late‐maturing soybean [LMS; Glycine max (L.) Merr]; summer non‐legume, sorghum–sudangrass (SS; Sorghum bicolor × Sorghum bicolor var. sudanese); winter legume, crimson clover (CL; Trifolium incarnatum L.), and winter non‐legume, daikon radish (DR; Raphanus sativus L.)} as well as double‐crop soybean (DSB) and chemical‐fallow (CF) treatments were imposed after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) harvest in a wheat–sorghum–soybean cropping system. Five N rates (0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg N ha–1) were applied to sorghum within 2 wk of planting. Aboveground sorghum biomass was collected after physiological maturity to determine total N uptake and grain yield. The cropping system managed with LMS increased grain yield (>9%), compared to other CCs and CF with zero N application. Cropping systems including CL, DR, and DSB had similar effects on grain yield relative to CF when N fertilizer was applied. Increasing N rates significantly increased grain yield and N uptake of grain sorghum following SS, indicating that soil N was limited in this cropping system. The addition of LMS as a summer legume CC has the potential to contribute N and replace CF, thus improving management of N resources.
Land‐Use‐Dependent Change in the Soil Mechanical Strength and Resilience of a Shallow Volcanic Ash Soil in Southern Chile
Authors: Dörner José , Horn Rainer , Dec Dorota , Wendroth Ole , Fleige Heiner , Zúñiga Felipe 
Published: October 2017

Core Ideas
Land use change had a great impact on the spatial variability of Aquands' physical properties.
Mechanical strength increased as a consequence of the land use change.
The soil's physical resilience presents spatial variability.
Aquands with a bulk density close to 0.65 g cm–3 can be considered to be compacted.
Aquands are shallow volcanic ash soils, locally called Ñadi, which cover an area of 475,000 ha in Chile and have undergone intensive land use changes from secondary native forest (SNF) to naturalized grasslands (NG). This study analyzed the impact of this land use change in a Ñadi soil on the spatial changes in its mechanical strength and the consequences on pore functions and soil resilience. The change from SNF to NG occurred in 1980 because of a forest fire. We measured the volumetric water content and penetration resistance between 0 and 10 cm depth at 98 grid points across the domain (SNF and NG). Near each grid point, undisturbed soil core samples were collected to measure soil precompression stress (Pc), soil resilience after the application of mechanical stresses and water saturation via capillary rise, and the changes in air permeability (ka). After the application of mechanical stresses (to 400 kPa), the soil presented a land‐use‐dependent soil deformation and a limited, spatially variable soil resilience, which homogenized the ka across the field. Despite a bulk density of 0.65 g cm–3, these soils must be described as highly compacted and defined by high soil mechanical strength (Pc > 60 kPa) with small values of air capacity (<8%) and permeability (<1 log μm2). To design proper schemes for land use planning of these specific soils, further analyses are required, as is a definition of a minimal Ñadi soil depth to support a productive system without detrimental effects on the ecosystem services.
A new type of high frequency mechanical vibration table
Authors: Gao Jin , Li Chaowei , Wang Dongying , Du Wenbin , Li Shili , Lei Qiang 
Published: October 2017

This paper puts forward a new type of mechanical vibration table. First of all, the structure and working principle of this vibration table is described. Then the kinetic equation and the three-dimensional model of the eccentric exciter are established, the simulation experiments are carried out, and the displacement curves, velocity curves and acceleration time curves at different frequencies are analyzed. Finally, finite element analysis of eccentric wheels is carried out based on solidwork2012. The simulation results show that the mechanical vibration of this new mechanical vibration table is achievable at 0-100 Hz.
Equivalent method for frequency division of complicated impact signal
Authors: Guo Min , Cao Xin , Li Chaowei , Gao Rui , Li Shili , Du Wenbin 
Published: October 2017

This article describes a method of frequency division equivalent for complicated impact signal. In the complex impact signal analysis and processing, instantaneous frequency often plays an important role, the instantaneous frequency represents the position of the frequency peak with time, complicated impact signal has their instantaneous frequencies at some point. The method first calculates the power spectrum of the original signal, then the power spectral curve is integrated, the mean square value curve of the whole frequency band is obtained, the frequency amplitude curve can be obtained by square of mean square curve. According to the 1 kHz bandwidth, equal intervals are segmented to the frequency axis, the total root mean square values of each frequency band are calculated respectively, the ratio of each component to the total root mean square value of the whole frequency band is the contribution rate of the frequency band to the whole signal amplitude.
Study on perception threshold for whole-body vibration
Authors: Liu Qiang , Kang Zhongxu , Song Ruixiang , Zhang Lijuan , Wu Qiong 
Published: October 2017

When people stay in the vibrating environment for a long time, the body may produce a series of physiological and psychological diseases. In order to evaluate the impact of vibration on the human body, the establishment of evaluation method or evaluation system is necessary. At present, most countries usually evaluate whole-body vibration based on the international standard ISO 2631-1 “Mechanical vibration and shock-Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration-Part 1: General requirements”. In this paper, the experiments of perception threshold of whole-body vibration were taken as the breakthrough point of evaluation method, and 12 subjects participated in the experiments. Through the experiments, comparing the provisions of ISO 2631-1, we get some different conclusions about the distribution law of perception thresholds. This also provides some data support for further experimental research.
Batch and fixed-bed column study for p-nitrophenol, methylene blue, and U(VI) removal by polyvinyl alcohol–graphene oxide macroporous hydrogel bead
Authors: Chen Dan , Zhou Jun , Wang Hongyu , Yang Kai 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
There is an increasing need to explore effective and clean approaches for hazardous contamination removal from wastewaters. In this work, a novel bead adsorbent, polyvinyl alcohol–graphene oxide (PVA-GO) macroporous hydrogel bead was prepared as filter media for p-nitrophenol (PNP), dye methylene blue (MB), and heavy metal U(VI) removal from aqueous solution. Batch and fixed-bed column experiments were carried out to evaluate the adsorption capacities of PNP, MB, and U(VI) on this bead. From batch experiments, the maximum adsorption capacities of PNP, MB, and U(VI) reached 347.87, 422.90, and 327.55 mg/g. From the fixed-bed column experiments, the adsorption capacities of PNP, MB, and U(VI) decreased with initial concentration increasing from 100 to 400 mg/L. The adsorption capacities of PNP, MB, and U(VI) decreased with increasing flow rate. Also, the maximum adsorption capacity of PNP decreased as pH increased from 3 to 9, while MB and U(VI) presented opposite tendencies. Furthermore, the bed depth service Time (BDST) model showed good linear relationships for the three ions' adsorption processes in this fixed-bed column, which indicated that the BDST model effectively evaluated and optimized the adsorption process of PVA-GO macroporous hydrogel bead in fixed-bed columns for hazardous contaminant removal from wastewaters.
The Effects of Restatements for Misreporting on Auditor Scrutiny of Peer Firms
Authors: Guo Feng , Kubick Thomas R. , Masli Adi 
Published: October 2017

SYNOPSIS
Prior research contends that financial misreporting has a spillover effect on the outcomes of peer firms within the same industry through investment decisions, information risk, and shareholder wealth. We predict and confirm a higher level of audit fees for peer firms when serious misreporting by other firms is announced in the industry. We find this effect is limited to peers that exhibit poor internal control quality. In addition, we observe higher audit fees for peers of industry prominent misreporting firms and for peers of firms announcing restatements with larger negative market reactions. Overall, our results suggest that financial misreporting in the industry has a spillover effect on audit fees of non-misreporting peer firms.
Data Availability: All data are from public sources identified in the manuscript.
Why Do Analysts Issue Sales Forecasts? Evidence from Mandatory IFRS Adoption
Authors: He Wen , Lu Chien-Ju 
Published: October 2017

SYNOPSIS
This study uses mandatory adoption of IFRS as a setting to investigate why financial analysts issue supplementary sales forecasts. The demand explanation proposes that analysts issue supplementary forecasts if earnings are not informative and thus investors demand additional accounting information. The reputation explanation posits that analysts are more likely to issue sales forecasts if these forecasts are more accurate and will not cause reputation damage. Using mandatory IFRS adoption as an exogenous shock to analysts' information environment, we find that after firms mandatorily adopt IFRS, analysts are more likely to issue sales forecasts and analysts' sales forecasts become more accurate and less dispersed. The effect of mandatory IFRS adoption is stronger in countries with strong law enforcement and a large difference between local GAAP and IFRS. Further analysis shows that the IFRS effect concentrates on analysts with prior experience with IAS. Overall, the results provide support to the reputation explanation.
JEL Classifications: G15; G18; M41.
Impact of Lifestyle and Metformin Interventions on the Risk of Progression to Diabetes and Regression to Normal Glucose Regulation in Overweight or Obese People With Impaired Glucose Regulation
Authors: Herman William H. , Pan Qing , Edelstein Sharon L. , Mather Kieren J. , Perreault Leigh , Barrett-Connor Elizabeth , Dabelea Dana M. , Horton Edward , Kahn Steven E. , Knowler William C. , Lorenzo Carlos , Pi-Sunyer Xavier , Venditti Elizabeth , Ye Wen ,   for the Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
Both lifestyle and metformin interventions can delay or prevent progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in people with impaired glucose regulation, but there is considerable interindividual variation in the likelihood of receiving benefit. Understanding an individual’s 3-year risk of progressing to DM and regressing to normal glucose regulation (NGR) might facilitate benefit-based tailored treatment.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We used the values of 19 clinical variables measured at the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) baseline evaluation and Cox proportional hazards models to assess the 3-year risk of progression to DM and regression to NGR separately for DPP lifestyle, metformin, and placebo participants who were adherent to the interventions. Lifestyle participants who lost ≥5% of their initial body weight at 6 months and metformin and placebo participants who reported taking ≥80% of their prescribed medication at the 6-month follow-up were defined as adherent.

RESULTS
Eleven of 19 clinical variables measured at baseline predicted progression to DM, and 6 of 19 predicted regression to NGR. Compared with adherent placebo participants at lowest risk of developing diabetes, participants at lowest risk of developing diabetes who adhered to a lifestyle intervention had an 8% absolute risk reduction (ARR) of developing diabetes and a 35% greater absolute likelihood of reverting to NGR. Participants at lowest risk of developing diabetes who adhered to a metformin intervention had no reduction in their risk of developing diabetes and a 17% greater absolute likelihood of reverting to NGR. Participants at highest risk of developing DM who adhered to a lifestyle intervention had a 39% ARR of developing diabetes and a 24% greater absolute likelihood of reverting to NGR, whereas those who adhered to the metformin intervention had a 25% ARR of developing diabetes and an 11% greater absolute likelihood of reverting to NGR.

CONCLUSIONS
Unlike our previous analyses that sought to explain population risk, these analyses evaluate individual risk. The models can be used by overweight and obese adults with fasting hyperglycemia and impaired glucose tolerance to facilitate personalized decision-making by allowing them to explicitly weigh the benefits and feasibility of the lifestyle and metformin interventions.
Family Matters: High School Graduation and Sibling Influence
Authors: Wall-Wieler Elizabeth , Roos Leslie Leon 
Published: October 2017

IntroductionEducational attainment is known to be related to family size, birth order, and the educational achievement of an older sibling.
ObjectiveThis study examines younger siblings in large families, exploring the extent to which each older sibling’s educational attainment is associated with attainment of the younger sibling.
MethodsLinkable administrative data were used to create a population-based cohort of third children in three child families born in Manitoba, Canada between April 1, 1984 and March 31, 1994, who stayed in the province until at least age 20 (n = 5,771). Logistic regression models were used to examine the relationship between the youngest siblings’ educational achievement and that of their older two siblings, adjusting for a series of confounders.
ResultsYoungest siblings have the greatest odds of graduating from high school if both older siblings graduated. Females also had greater odds of graduating if only one of those older siblings had graduated; this did not increase the odds for males. Associations in educational attainment were stronger when siblings were born close together. For siblings born further apart, these associations were stronger if those siblings were of the same sex as the youngest sibling.
ConclusionsIn large families, the educational attainment of each older sibling is associated with the educational attainment of the younger sibling; associations differ depending on the birth order and sex of the older siblings. Families in which older siblings do not graduate from high school may be experiencing numerous challenges. Children with older siblings who fail to graduate may benefit from additional supports to increase their likelihood of graduation.
Validation of Method for Determining Alpha- Mangostin Level of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Mangosteen Rind Using TLCSpectrodensitometry
Authors: Wijayanti N. P. A. D. , Dewi L.P.M.K. , Astuti K.W. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Objective: Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana L.) contains secondary metabolites, namely alpha-mangostin which has
antioxidant activity, as well as antibacterial and anti-aging properties. In order to obtain a maximum amount of alpha-mangostin
compounds, the maceration method using ethyl acetate was used. To ensure the effectiveness of the mangosteen rind extraction
process, all of the processes and methods in preparing the extract should be properly controlled, particularly the analytical
method used in determining the alpha-mangostin level of the extract. The method used should be able to determine the alphamangosteen
level accurately. This study aimed to test the validation of the analytical method used.
Method: The parameters for the validation of the analytical method tested in this study include accuracy, precision, range and
linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantitation (LOQ) and specificity. In this study, the level of alpha-mangostin in the
extract was determined using TLC-Spectrodensitometry with the stationary phase of the silica gel plate GF 254 and the mobile
phase of chloroform and methanol (10:0.1 v/v).
Result: The results of the study showed that this method has met the acceptance criteria for validation with the accuracy value in
the range of percent recovery, from 93.85 % to 111.16%; precision with KV <2%; specification with spectrum correlation >0.99;
linearity with r =0,99372; limit of detection (LOD) of 5.33 ng and limit of quantitation (LOQ) of 11.43 ng.
STRUKTUR HISTOLOGI HATI MENCIT(Mus musculus L.) SETELAH PEMBERIAN EKSTRAK DAUN EKOR NAGA (Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott)
Authors: Tia Pramesti Ni Komang , Wiratmini Ngurah Intan , AdrianiAstiti Ni Putu 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Rhapidhophora pinnata, Schott is a traditional medical plant that has been use remedy for treatment of hypertension, stroke. Aims of this research is to determine the effect of Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott leaf extract toward mouse (Mus musculus L) liverhistological structure. This research used completely randomized design with 28 female mice that were divide into 4 groups of P0 (control) received 0,9% NaCl, group P1, P2, and P3 received 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg bw respectively by oral administration. The treatment were given daily for 14 days. All of the mice were sacrificed by ether after 15 days. The liver were examined for their histopathological changes, namely fatty degeneration, hydropic degenaration and necrosis. Results were statistically analised by Kruskal-Wallis method. Treatment groups showed no significant differences with regard of liver histopatological changes, however hemorrhage, sinusoid congestion and inflamatory cell infiltration were found in liver.

Keyword : Rhapidhophora pinnata Schott, liver, mice
Dinamique des paysages ruraux et de l'habitat dans le Saafen: l'exemple du village de Paaki (Sénégal)
Authors: Ciss Ismaïla 
Published: October 2017

Introduction: Le présent article est tiré d’un programme de recherche plus vaste qui porte sur l’évolution historique et les dynamiques récentes des terroirs du Saafeen dans le massif de Njas. Méthodologie: Nous avons combiné deux démarches pour arriver aux résultats que nous présentons ici : la recherche documentaire et les enquêtes de terrain. Sans négliger la littérature écrite, notre démarche s’appuie essentiellement sur les sources et les traditions orales recueillies auprès des agropasteurs après une série d’enquêtes effectuées dans le Saafeen, en particulier dans le village de Paaki. Résultats: Les matériaux collectés dans le village de Paaki renseignent sur l’évolution du site et l’originalité de la gestion des terroirs ruraux du massif de Njas par les populations locales. Autrefois très convoité par les royaumes environnants et le colonisateur, le pays Saafeen est aujourd’hui fortement menacé par l’urbanisation qui se développe à partir de trois fronts: Dakar, Mbour et Thiès. Discussion: Les stratégies de préservation des terroirs locaux et/ou d’adaptation aux agressions du monde extérieur trouvent leur originalité dans la valorisation de la culture locale.
Conversion of HI Molecule to H2 Molecule
Authors: Gautam Arjun Kumar 
Published: October 2017

In this article I review the historical development and conversion of atomic to molecular hydrogen in astronomy. I discuss how the discoveries of HI and H2 in the interstellar medium were followed by studies of the relative abundance of atomic and molecular gas. Understanding this led to increasingly sophisticated theoretical models for H2 formation on the surface of interstellar dust grains. In certain situations, astronomical data can be used to constrain the formation rate of H2 molecules. Finally, I use the reasonably well-determined chemistry of HI and H2 to determine the overall timescale of star formation. The Himalayan Physics Vol. 5, No. 5, Nov. 2014 Page: 82-86