bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New material of Palaeoamasia kansui (Embrithopoda, Mammalia) from the Eocene of Turkey and a phylogenetic analysis of Embrithopoda at the species level
Authors: Erdal Ozan , Antoine Pierre‐Olivier , Sen Sevket 
Published: July 2016

AbstractSince the discovery of the megaherbivore Arsinoitherium zitteli Beadnell (early Oligocene of Egypt), the extinct order Embrithopoda has remained an enigmatic group, with disputed affinities among ungulates. In this study, new specimens of Palaeoamasia kansui from the early Palaeogene of Turkey are described and a synthetic dental terminology is proposed for embrithopods. Based on 130 cranial–mandibular and dental characters, the first phylogenetic analysis of embrithopods is carried out in aim to enhance the position of Palaeoamasia within embrithopods. The monophyly of Embrithopoda is confirmed, following the topology (Phenacolophus (Namatherium (Arsinoitheriinae, Palaeamasiinae))). However, phylogenetic relationships between Eurasian embrithopods (Palaeoamasiinae: Palaeoamasia, Crivadiatherium and Hypsamasia) remain unresolved. The integration of all embrithopod genera within a cladistic analysis encompassing a wider taxonomic sample (Condylarthra, Afrotheria/Paenungulata and Laurasiatheria) also supports Embrithopoda as being monophyletic, but questions the position of both Phenacolophus and Namatherium within Embrithopoda. Finally, possible faunal exchange events are proposed based on three hypothesized scenarios between Eurasia and Arabia–Africa during the early Palaeogene.
Idiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation in a child with citrin deficiency
Authors: Fu Chu‐Li , Hu Yun‐Feng , Song Yuan‐Zong 
Published: July 2016

AbstractIdiopathic eruptive macular pigmentation (IEMP) is a rare dermatological disorder with generally unclear etiology and pathogenesis. A 5½‐year‐old girl was referred to hospital with a 10 month history of brown skin rashes. In early infancy, citrin deficiency had been diagnosed with the SLC25A13 genotype c.851_854del4/c.998G > A, but all clinical and laboratory abnormalities recovered following the introduction of a lactose‐free and medium‐chain triglyceride‐enriched formula. Physical examination at referral indicated symmetric, multiple and non‐scaly brown macules on the neck, trunk, buttocks and proximal parts of the extremities. Histopathology indicated epidermal basal layer hyperpigmentation with an irregular distribution, along with a large number of melanophages in the upper dermis. The diagnosis of IEMP was thus made. Within 2 years of follow up, the rashes disappeared spontaneously and gradually. To our knowledge, this is the first description of IEMP in a patient with silent citrin deficiency.
How work spills over into the relationship: Self‐control matters
Authors: DANNER‐VLAARDINGERBROEK GERDIENTJE , KLUWER ESTHER S. , VAN STEENBERGEN ELIANNE F. , VAN DER LIPPE TANJA 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis research investigated how and for whom experiences of the workday spill over into relationship functioning at home. Two correlational studies and one experimental study were conducted among Dutch dual‐earners with children. Moderated mediation analyses showed that work demands spill over into relationship behavior through the depletion of temporary self‐regulatory resources and subsequently a decrease in psychological availability for the partner. Whether work demands spill over into relationship behavior was dependent on dispositional self‐control in that evidence for negative spillover was only found for individuals low in dispositional self‐control. The experimental study showed that the induction of gratitude for the partner after the workday helped individuals low in dispositional control to prevent negative spillover into the partner relationship.
Price Adjustment to Exchange Rates and Forward‐looking Exporters: Evidence from USA–China Trade
Authors: Li Yao Amber , Zhao Chen Carol 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper shows that the pricing behavior of exporting firms exhibits a “forward‐looking” nature with sticky prices. As a result, the expectations of future exchange rates affect current prices at both the product level and firm level. We find evidence by employing both highly disaggregated Harmonized System (HS) 10‐digit product‐level import data of the USA and firm–product level customs data on China's exports to the USA. These findings provide evidence for a previously unexplored micro‐level forward‐looking nature of trade price adjustment as response to future exchange rates, and suggest a potentially important factor in helping explain incomplete exchange rate pass‐through.
Measuring alluvial fan sensitivity to past climate changes using a self‐similarity approach to grain‐size fining, Death Valley, California
Authors: D'Arcy Mitch , Whittaker Alexander C. , Roda‐Boluda Duna C. 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThe effects of climate change on eroding landscapes and the terrestrial sedimentary record are poorly understood. Using mountain catchment–alluvial fan systems as simple analogues for larger landscapes, a wide range of theoretical studies, numerical models and physical experiments have hypothesized that a change in precipitation rate could leave a characteristic signal in alluvial fan sediment flux, grain size and down‐system fining rate. However, this hypothesis remains largely untested in real landscapes. This study measures grain‐size fining rates from apex to toe on two alluvial fan systems in northern Death Valley, California, USA, which each have well‐exposed modern and ca 70 ka surfaces, and where the long‐term tectonic boundary conditions can be constrained. Between them, these surfaces capture a well‐constrained temporal gradient in climate. A grain‐size fining model is adapted, based on self‐similarity and selective deposition, for application to these alluvial fans. This model is then integrated with cosmogenic nuclide constraints on catchment erosion rates, and observed grain‐size fining data from two catchment‐fan systems, to estimate the change in sediment flux from canyon to alluvial fan that occurred between mid‐glacial and modern interglacial conditions. In a fan system with negligible sediment recycling, a ca 30% decrease in precipitation rate led to a 20% decrease in sediment flux and a clear increase in the down‐fan rate of fining, supporting existing landscape evolution models. Consequently, this study shows that small mountain catchments and their alluvial fan stratigraphy can be highly sensitive to orbital climate changes over <105 year timescales. However, in the second fan system it is observed that this sensitivity is completely lost when sediment is remobilized and recycled over a time period longer than the duration of the climatic perturbation. These analyses offer a new approach to quantitatively reconstructing the effects of past climate changes on sedimentation, using simple grain‐size data measured in the field.
Trade Diversion as Firm Adjustment to Trade Policy: Evidence from EU Anti‐dumping Duties on Vietnamese Footwear
Authors: Hoai Nguyen Trong , Toan Nguyen Truong , Van Pham Hoang 
Published: July 2016

AbstractThis paper evaluates the impact of the 2006 European Union anti‐dumping (AD) action on Vietnamese footwear in three markets: imports to the EU, footwear producers in Vietnam, and the trade diversionary adjustment of Vietnamese firms in the US market. We find that the AD action reduced Vietnamese imports to the EU by as much as 65 per cent. Given that the EU makes up almost two‐thirds of Vietnam's footwear exports and footwear is among the top four export industries for Vietnam, this reduction is economically significant. Consistent with predictions of our model, we find evidence of trade diversion by Vietnamese producers from the EU to the US market. Our difference‐in‐difference estimates of the AD actions on the value of Vietnamese footwear imports to the United States ranged from 69 to 71 per cent over the period 2004–07 and 69 to 72 per cent in terms of quantity. These results highlight the spillover effects of trade policy in third markets when firms adjust to trade barriers. Our results are robust to triple‐difference specifications where we adjust for trend differences and a series of placebo specifications.
Imaging and Clinical Outcomes in 20 Dogs Treated with Thin Film Banding for Extrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts
Authors: Nelson Nathan C. , Nelson Laura L. 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo prospectively evaluate the efficacy of thin film band attenuation of congenital extrahepatic portosystemic shunts (CEPSS) in dogs using clinical, biochemical, and imaging‐related outcome measures.Study DesignProspective case series.AnimalsDogs with CEPSS (n=20).MethodsClient‐owned dogs with CEPSS were enrolled and thin film banding of the shunting vessel was performed. Before and at least 6 months after surgery, serum bile acids and computed tomography (CT) angiography were performed and owners completed a health questionnaire regarding the dog's clinical signs. Postoperative CT images were assessed for the effectiveness of band closure, change in portal vein/aorta ratio, change in liver volume/weight ratio, and whether the band was placed in the appropriate location. Preoperative and postoperative health questionnaire data and serum bile acids were compared.ResultsThe band resulted in complete closure of the vessel around which it was placed in 13 dogs. In the remaining 7 dogs, the vessel lumen was narrowed but not completely closed. In 8 dogs the band location was suboptimal, allowing systemic drainage of visceral blood or secondary shunting branches to persist. Liver volume/body weight ratios and portal vein/aorta diameter ratios increased in most dogs. Serum bile acids decreased in all but 1 dog and owners reported improved health in 19 dogs.ConclusionThin film banding resulted in complete occlusion of many, but not all vessels around which it was placed. Even in dogs with inappropriate band location or with incomplete closure, clinical improvement can be expected based on our results.
Early Clinical Experience with a Newly Designed Interlocking Nail System—Targon® Vet
Authors: Brückner Michael , Unger Martin , Spies Markus 
Published: July 2016

ObjectiveTo describe early clinical experience with a newly designed interlocking nail system (Targon® Vet) in diaphyseal fractures in cats and small dogs.Study DesignRetrospective case series.AnimalsClient‐owned cats (n=49) and dogs (n=8).MethodsFifty‐seven consecutive cases (49 cats, 8 dogs) with 60 long bone fractures were included in the study. Follow‐up radiographs were scheduled at 4 and 8 weeks and again 6 months postoperatively. The end point for each case was determined radiographically by a healed fracture. Complications were defined as minor or major. Clinical outcome was subjectively assessed by a full orthopedic examination and follow‐up radiographs. Descriptive data are reported.ResultsMedian age of cats was 18 months (range, 3–220 months) and of dogs was 28 months (range, 7–115 months). Median body weight was 3.7 kg (range, 1.67–8.41 kg) for cats and 8.15 kg (range, 2.68–13.6 kg) for dogs. Median radiographic follow‐up was 16 weeks. All fractures with follow‐up radiographs available (n=46) were healed with no infections reported. A total of 12 postoperative complications occurred: 3 minor (slippage of the locking screws) and 9 major (5 femoral—irritation of the sciatic nerve, stress protection, fracture because of a missed fissure, femoral neck fracture, intra‐operative revision with a rod and plate; 4 tibial—3 with protrusion of the distal locking screw through the skin and 1 with in‐growth of the intramedullary nail).ConclusionImplantation of the Targon® Vet System was feasible in all cases. It provides an alternative system for diaphyseal fracture repair in cats and small dogs.
Perceptions and Practices of Mass Bat Exposure Events in the Setting of Rabies Among U.S. Public Health Agencies
Authors: Hsu C. H. , Brown C. M. , Murphy J. M. , Haskell M. G. , Williams C. , Feldman K. , Mitchell K. , Blanton J. D. , Petersen B. W. , Wallace R. M. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryCurrent guidelines in the setting of exposures to potentially rabid bats established by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) address post‐exposure prophylaxis (PEP) administration in situations where a person may not be aware that a bite or direct contact has occurred and the bat is not available for diagnostic testing. These include instances when a bat is discovered in a room where a person awakens from sleep, is a child without an adult witness, has a mental disability or is intoxicated. The current ACIP guidelines, however, do not address PEP in the setting of multiple persons exposed to a bat or a bat colony, otherwise known as mass bat exposure (MBE) events. Due to a dearth of recommendations for response to these events, the reported reactions by public health agencies have varied widely. To address this perceived limitation, a survey of 45 state public health agencies was conducted to characterize prior experiences with MBE and practices to mitigate the public health risks. In general, most states (69% of the respondents) felt current ACIP guidelines were unclear in MBE scenarios. Thirty‐three of the 45 states reported prior experience with MBE, receiving an average of 16.9 MBE calls per year and an investment of 106.7 person‐hours annually on MBE investigations. PEP criteria, investigation methods and the experts recruited in MBE investigations varied between states. These dissimilarities could reflect differences in experience, scenario and resources. The lack of consistency in state responses to potential mass exposures to a highly fatal disease along with the large contingent of states dissatisfied with current ACIP guidance warrants the development of national guidelines in MBE settings.
Underreporting of Lyme and Other Tick‐Borne Diseases in Residents of a High‐Incidence County, Minnesota, 2009
Authors: Schiffman E. K. , McLaughlin C. , Ray J. A. E. , Kemperman M. M. , Hinckley A. F. , Friedlander H. G. , Neitzel D. F. 
Published: July 2016

SummaryLyme disease (LD), anaplasmosis, babesiosis and other tick‐borne diseases (TBDs) attributed to Ixodes ticks are thought to be widely underreported in the United States. To identify TBD cases diagnosed in 2009, but not reported to the Minnesota Department of Health (MDH), diagnostic and procedural billing codes suggestive of tick‐borne diseases were used to select medical charts for retrospective review in medical facilities serving residents of a highly endemic county in Minnesota. Of 444 illness events, 352 (79%) were not reported. Of these, 102 (29%) met confirmed or probable surveillance case criteria, including 91 (26%) confirmed LD cases with physician‐diagnosed erythema migrans (EM). For each confirmed and probable LD, probable anaplasmosis and confirmed babesiosis case reported to MDH in 2009, 2.8, 1.3, 1.2 and 1.0 cases were likely diagnosed, respectively. These revised estimates provide a more accurate assessment and better understanding of the burden of these diseases in a highly endemic county.
Cerebellar physiology: links between microcircuitry properties and sensorimotor functions
Authors: Jörntell Henrik 
Published: July 2016

AbstractExisting knowledge of the cerebellar microcircuitry structure and physiology allows a rather detailed description of what it in itself can and cannot do. Combined with a known mapping of different cerebellar regions to afferent systems and motor output target structures, there are several constraints that can be used to describe how specific components of the cerebellar microcircuitry may work during sensorimotor control. In fact, as described in this review, the major factor that hampers further progress in understanding cerebellar function is the limited insights into the circuitry‐level function of the targeted motor output systems and the nature of the information in the mossy fiber afferents. The cerebellar circuitry in itself is here summarized as a gigantic associative memory element, primarily consisting of the parallel fiber synapses, whereas most other circuitry components, including the climbing fiber system, primarily has the role of maintaining activity balance in the intracerebellar and extracerebellar circuitry. The review explores the consistency of this novel interpretational framework with multiple diverse observations at the synaptic and microcircuitry level within the cerebellum.
image
The Energy Cost of Household Chores, Rollerblading, and Riding Scooters in 9- to 14-Year-Old Children
Authors: Ridley Kate , Olds Timothy 
Published: July 2016

Background:To improve the scope of the Youth Compendium of Energy Expenditures, a range of everyday activities of varying intensity should be measured. This study measures the energy cost of children undertaking common household chores, rollerblading and riding a foot-propelled scooter.Methods:Participants were 9- to 14-year-old children. A metabolic cart was used to measure oxygen cost (VO2) of a variety of household chores. A Cosmed K4b2 portable oxygen analyzer was used to measure VO2 during rollerblading and riding a scooter at self-selected speeds. Energy costs for each participant were calculated as child METs.Results:Mean child MET costs for the household chores ranged from 1.3 to 3.6 METs. Rollerblading and riding a scooter yielded mean child MET costs of 6.5 and 6.3 METs respectively.Conclusions:Household chores were found to be of light to moderate intensity, while rollerblading and riding a scooter were vigorous activities.
Energy Cost of Free-Play Activities in 10- to 11-Year-Old Children
Authors: Mackintosh Kelly A. , Ridley Kate , Stratton Gareth , Ridgers Nicola D. 
Published: July 2016

Objective:This study sought to ascertain the energy expenditure (EE) associated with different sedentary and physically active free-play activities in primary school-aged children.Methods:Twenty-eight children (13 boys; 11.4 ± 0.3 years; 1.45 ± 0.09 m; 20.0 ± 4.7 kg·m-2) from 1 primary school in Northwest England engaged in 6 activities representative of children’s play for 10 minutes (drawing, watching a DVD, playground games and free-choice) and 5 minutes (self-paced walking and jogging), with 5 minutes rest between each activity. Gas exchange variables were measured throughout. Resting energy expenditure was measured during 15 minutes of supine rest.Results:Child (Schofield-predicted) MET values for watching a DVD, self-paced jogging and playing reaction ball were significantly higher for girls (P < .05).Conclusions:Utilizing a field-based protocol to examine children’s free-living behaviors, these data contribute to the scarcity of information concerning children’s EE during play to update the Compendium of Energy Expenditures for Youth.
Energy Expenditure and Intensity of Classroom Physical Activity in Elementary School Children
Authors: Honas Jeffery J. , Willis Erik A. , Herrmann Stephen D. , Greene Jerry L. , Washburn Richard A. , Donnelly Joseph E. 
Published: July 2016

Background:There is limited data regarding objectively measured energy cost and intensity of classroom instruction. Therefore, the purpose of current study was to objectively measure energy cost and subsequently calculate MET values using a portable indirect calorimeter (IC) for both normal classroom instruction (NCI) and active classroom instruction (ACI).Methods:We assessed energy expenditure (EE) and intensity levels (METs) in elementary school children (17 boys and 15 girls) using an IC (COSMED K4b2). Independent t-tests were used to evaluate potential sex and grade level differences for age, BMI, VO2, EE, and METs.Results:The average EE for NCI and ACI were 1.8 ± 0.4 and 3.9 ± 1.0, respectively. The average intensity level for NCI and ACI were 1.9 ± 0.4 and 4.2 ± 0.9 METs, respectively.Conclusions:PA delivered through ACI can elicit EE at a moderate intensity level. These results provide evidence for ACI as a convenient/feasible avenue for increasing PA in youth without decreasing instruction time.
Developmental Trends in the Energy Cost of Physical Activities Performed by Youth
Authors: Trost Stewart G. , Drovandi Christopher C. , Pfeiffer Karin 
Published: July 2016

Background:Published energy cost data for children and adolescents are lacking. The purpose of this study was to measure and describe developmental trends in the energy cost of 12 physical activities commonly performed by youth.Methods:A mixed age cohort of 209 participants completed 12 standardized activity trials on 4 occasions over a 3-year period (baseline, 12-months, 24-months, and 36-months) while wearing a portable indirect calorimeter. Bayesian hierarchical regression was used to link growth curves from each age cohort into a single curve describing developmental trends in energy cost from age 6 to 18 years.Results:For sedentary and light-intensity household chores, YOUTH METs (METy) remained stable or declined with age. In contrast, METy values associated with brisk walking, running, basketball, and dance increased with age.Conclusions:The reported energy costs for specific activities will contribute to efforts to update and expand the youth compendium.
Activity Energy Expenditure in Youth: Sex, Age, and Body Size Patterns
Authors: Lee Jung-Min , Saint-Maurice Pedro F. , Kim Youngwon , Gaesser Glenn A. , Welk Gregory 
Published: July 2016

Background:The assessment of physical activity (PA) and energy expenditure (EE) in youth is complicated by inherent variability in growth and maturation during childhood and adolescence. This study provides descriptive summaries of the EE of a diverse range of activities in children ages 7 to 13.Methods:A sample of 105 7- to 13-year-old children (boys: 57%, girls: 43%, and Age: 9.9 ± 1.9) performed a series of 12 activities from a pool of 24 activities while being monitored with an indirect calorimetry system.Results:Across physical activities, averages of VO2 ml·kg·min-1, VO2 L·min-1, EE, and METs ranged from 3.3 to 53.7 ml·kg·min-1, from 0.15 to 3.2 L·min-1, from 0.7 to 15.9 kcal·min-1, 1.5 MET to 7.8 MET, respectively.Conclusions:The energy costs of the activities varied by age, sex, and BMI status reinforcing the need to consider adjustments when examining the relative intensity of PA in youth.
Examining Energy Expenditure in Youth Using XBOX Kinect: Differences by Player Mode
Authors: Barkman Jourdin , Pfeiffer Karin , Diltz Allie , Peng Wei 
Published: July 2016

Background:Replacing sedentary time with physical activity through new generation exergames (eg, XBOX Kinect) is a potential intervention strategy. The study’s purpose was to compare youth energy expenditure while playing different exergames in single- vs. multiplayer mode.Methods:Participants (26 male, 14 female) were 10 to 13 years old. They wore a portable metabolic analyzer while playing 4 XBOX Kinect games for 15 minutes each (2 single-, 2 multiplayer). Repeated-measures ANOVA (with Bonferroni correction) was used to examine player mode differences, controlling for age group, sex, weight status, and game.Results:There was a significant difference in energy expenditure between single player (mean = 15.4 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.5) and multiplayer mode (mean = 16.8 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.7). Overweight and obese participants (mean = 13.7 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.2) expended less energy than normal weight (mean = 17.8 ml/kg/min, SD = 4.5) during multiplayer mode (d = 0.93).Conclusion:Player mode, along with personal factors such as weight status, may be important to consider in energy expenditure during exergames.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Deep-Sea Ascomycetous Filamentous Fungus
Cadophora malorum
Mo12 from the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Reveals Its Biotechnological Potential
Authors: Rédou Vanessa , Kumar Abhishek , Hainaut Matthieu , Henrissat Bernard , Record Eric , Barbier Georges , Burgaud Gaëtan 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT

Cadophora malorum
Mo12 was isolated from the Rainbow hydrothermal site on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. We present the draft genome sequence of this filamentous fungal strain, which has high biotechnological potentials as revealed by the presence of genes encoding biotechnologically important enzymes and genes involved in the synthesis of secondary metabolites.