bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Zircon U–Pb dating and phase equilibria modelling of gneisses from Dinggye area, Ama Drime Massif, central Himalaya
Authors: Wang Yu‐Hua , Zhang Li‐Fei , Li San‐Zhong , Somerville Ian 
Published: October 2017

The tectonic affinity of the Ama Drime Massif in central Himalaya remains a subject of debate. We provide evidences of the metamorphic conditions and new geochronological data for orthogneiss and paragneiss in the Riwu area, eastern side of Ama Drime Massif. The peak P–T conditions for garnet gneiss is 13–14 kbar and 750–765 °C using phase equilibria modelling. The zircon U–Pb dating results reveal that the orthogneiss has a crystallization age of 1,848 ± 12 Ma and zircon rims age of 1,767 ± 18 Ma. Three major age peaks characterize all detrital zircons from the paragneisses: 975, 1,161, and 1,749 Ma. These new data integrated with previous literature data indicate that (a) the Ama Drime Massif might be ascribed to the Greater Himalayan Series; and (b) the Himalayan terrane may have been located closer to both the India and Lhasa terranes during the amalgamation of the supercontinent Columbia.
The utility of solid-phase microextraction in evaluating polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon bioavailability during habitat restoration with dredged material at moderately contaminated sites
Authors: Brennan Amanda A , Johnson Nathan W 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

The over- or underprediction of risk in moderately contaminated sediments can have a large impact on the nature of applied management strategies given that concentrations border on being toxic or not toxic. Project managers should give significant consideration as to how moderate levels of contaminants in native sediments and dredged material used for restoration will impact recovery of habitat. Total solid-phase (Ctotal) and porewater (Cfree) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were quantified in native sediments and dredged material to determine if the predictions of risk from Ctotal are consistent with those based on Cfree. The sediment matrix phase in which PAHs were quantified resulted in disparate conclusions regarding the predicted reduction in contamination following restoration. Total solid-phase PAH concentrations suggested a significant decrease following restoration, whereas little to no change was observed in measured Cfree. Risk metrics based on Ctotal gave inconclusive estimates for toxicity, whereas measured Cfree suggested toxicity is unlikely, a conclusion consistent with toxicity testing. The incorporation of black carbon (BC) into model estimates for Cfree gave predictions more consistent with measured Cfree, suggesting that geochemical conditions (especially BC) play an important part in predicting toxicity at moderately contaminated sites. In addition to the use of Cfree in toxicity evaluation, in-situ Cfree measurements provided a constraint on diffusive PAH loads from sediment relative to ongoing stream loads. If passive sampling had been employed during the sampling designs and site evaluations, the costs of toxicity testing would not have been incurred, given that Cfree suggested little to no toxicity. The results from the project highlight the benefits to be gained by moving beyond inconclusive, screening-level Ctotal metrics and implementing more sensitive and accurate Cfree metrics in assessments of risk in moderately contaminated sediments. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2018;14:212–223. © 2017 SETAC

Key Points
The results presented herein extend the use and implementation of passive sampling methods (PSMs) from heavily contaminated sediments to habitat restoration sediments with low to moderate levels of contamination. The sediment phase (total, Ctotal, or porewater, Cfree) used in the assessment of contaminant quantity led to disparate conclusions regarding the impact of restoration on sediment contamination. The more sensitive PSM-measured Cfree suggested little to no change in contaminant quantity even with a significant reduction in Ctotal. Geochemical conditions likely play an important role in predicted toxicity in moderately contaminated sediments involved in habitat restoration; differences between model-estimated and PSM-measured Cfree could significantly impact sampling and management strategies.
US macroannouncements and international asset pricing
Authors: Du Ding 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe world capital asset‐pricing model is the benchmark model in international finance. However, recent research finds that the premium on the world market factor is insignificant. In this paper, we investigate if the world market risk premium is particularly significant on US macroeconomic announcement days. Empirically, we apply the methodology to daily country exchange‐traded funds. Our findings suggest that although the world market risk premium is insignificant on nonannouncement days, it is strongly significant on US macroeconomic announcement days. In addition, we find that US monetary policy announcements are the most important macroeconomic announcements to drive the world market risk premium. Our findings are consistent with the notion of monetary policy uncertainty and the empirical literature that connects policy uncertainty with systematic risk.
Intracellular pathway and subsequent transformation of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in the SAOS‐2 osteoblast cell line
Authors: Rossi André L. , Longuinho Mariana M. , Tanaka Marcelo N. , Farina Marcos , Borojevic Radovan , Rossi Alexandre M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInternalization of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in SAOS‐2 osteoblasts for 2 and 24 h was investigated in vitro using 5 and 50 µg/mL nanoparticles in culture medium. No cytotoxic effects were observed in a PrestoBlue viability assay. Focused ion beam‐scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to study nanoparticle trafficking inside cells and to characterize the physicochemical properties of the remodeled nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were actively internalized by cells and maintained in intracellular membrane‐bound compartments. Dissolution of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles was observed inside phagolysosome in all samples. After 24 h of internalization in cell culture assays, reprecipitation of calcium phosphate minerals was observed in membrane‐bound compartments in 5 and 50 µg/mL samples. Compared to the original nanoparticles, the reprecipitated calcium phosphate phase presented a different morphology, structure, and chemical composition. Two sample preparation methods were used and confirmed that reprecipitation of the calcium phosphate crystallites occurred in the intracellular environment and not during electron microscopy sample preparation. Reprecipitation of calcium phosphate prevented the release of large amounts of calcium and phosphate ions inside the cells. This phenomenon may be linked to physiological processes in the cell that control the concentration and trafficking of intracellular calcium ions, which are highly controlled by cells. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 106A: 428–439, 2018.
Serum Sclerostin Levels in Adults With Osteogenesis Imperfecta: Comparison With Normal Individuals and Response to Teriparatide Therapy
Authors: Nicol Lindsey , Wang Ying , Smith Rosamund , Sloan John , Nagamani Sandesh CS , Shapiro Jay , Lee Brendan , Orwoll Eric 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Sclerostin (SOST), a glycoprotein primarily derived from osteocytes, is an important regulator of bone remodeling. Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a heritable disorder of bone characterized by low bone mass, bone fragility, recurrent fractures, and bone deformities. Altered SOST-mediated signaling may have a role in pathogenesis of type I collagen-related OI; however, this has not been evaluated in humans. We measured serum SOST levels in adults with OI who were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial that evaluated the effects of osteoanabolic therapy with teriparatide. Compared with age- and sex-matched control participants, mean SOST levels were lower in those with type I or types III/VI OI (p &lt; 0.0001). Receiver operating curve analysis revealed that sclerostin alone or sclerostin plus bone mineral content discriminated patients with OI from controls (area under the curve 0.80 and 0.87, respectively). SOST levels increased in the group of patients with type I OI during therapy with teriparatide (compared with placebo, p = 0.01). The increase was significant at 6, 12, and 24 months of therapy (p ≤ 0.02) and was apparent as early as 3 months (p = 0.06). The magnitude of increases in SOST levels during therapy was inversely correlated with increases in vertebral volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD). Overall, these results suggest that: 1) SOST regulation is fundamentally altered in osteogenesis imperfecta; 2) serum SOST levels could be a biomarker of OI in adults; and 3) alterations in SOST may help predict the response to anabolic therapies in OI. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation on Bone Metabolic Markers in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Yadav Ashok Kumar , Kumar Vivek , Kumar Vinod , Banerjee Debasish , Gupta Krishan Lal , Jha Vivekanand 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Use of active forms of vitamin D is advocated in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) for treatment of mineral bone disease because of the presumption that native forms of vitamin D would not undergo significant activation to calcitriol, the most active biological form of vitamin D. We present secondary analysis looking at bone turnover in subjects who completed the randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on vascular function in nondiabetic CKD stage G3­G4 and vitamin D ≤20 ng/mL (Clinical Trials Registry of India: CTRI/2013/05/003648). Patients were randomized (1:1) to receive either two directly observed oral doses of 300,000 IU of cholecalciferol or matching placebo at baseline and 8 weeks. Of the 120 subjects enrolled, 58 in the cholecalciferol group and 59 in the placebo group completed the study. At 16 weeks, the serum 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)2D levels increased in the cholecalciferol group but not in the placebo group (between-group difference in mean change: 23.40 ng/mL; 95% CI, 19.76 to 27.06; p &lt; 0.001, and 14.98 pg/mL; 95% CI, 4.48 to 27.18; p = 0.007, respectively). Intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) decreased in the cholecalciferol group (between-group difference in mean change –100.73 pg/mL (95% CI, –150.50 to –50.95; p &lt; 0.001). Serum total and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (SAP, BAP) and serum C-terminal cross-linked collagen type I telopeptides (CTX-1) were significantly reduced in cholecalciferol group (between group difference for change in mean: –20.25 U/L; 95% CI, –35.14 to –5.38 U/L; p = 0.008 for SAP; –12.54 U/L; 95% CI, –22.09 to –2.98 U/L; p = 0.013 for BAP; and –0.21 ng/mL; 95% CI, –0.38 to –0.05 ng/mL; p = 0.05 for CTX-1). Correlation analysis showed significant correlation of Δ25(OH)D with ΔiPTH (r = –0.409, p &lt; 0.0001), Δ1,25(OH)2D (r = 0.305, p = 0.001), ΔSAP (r = –0.301, p = 0.002), ΔBAP (r = –0.264, p = 0.004), and ΔCTX-1 (r = –0.210, p = 0.0230). Cholecalciferol supplementation corrects vitamin D deficiency and is effective in lowering serum intact parathyroid hormone and bone turnover markers in early stages of CKD. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Feedback informed treatment: An empirically supported case study of psychodynamic treatment
Authors: Winkeljohn Black Stephanie , Owen Jesse , Chapman Norah , Lavin Kelly , Drinane Joanna M. , Kuo Patty 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe use of client feedback, via self‐report measures of psychological functioning and working alliance, is an effective way to improve therapy outcomes. Despite this progress, there are many questions about the mechanisms of change for these systems. The current study employed a case study approach to examine the effectiveness of feedback informed treatment within a psychodynamic therapy. We examined the case based on therapy outcomes, alliance processes, and verbatim dialogue of in‐session exchanges. We also conducted a semistructured interview with the therapist to understand how she used and interpreted the feedback within her psychodynamic approach. The results demonstrated positive therapy outcomes and that feedback assisted with alliance formation, specifically decision making about therapeutic tasks and managing negative countertransference. The therapist reported that the feedback enhanced her ability to work in the here and now and to identify relational patterns. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Characterization and expression pattern of r‐spondin1 in Cynoglossus semilaevis
Authors: Li Hailong , Xu Wenteng , Zhu Ying , Zhang Ning , Ma Jialu , Sun Ai , Cui Zhongkai , Gao Fengtao , Wang Na , Shao Changwei , Dong Zhongdian , Li Yangzhen 
Published: October 2017

Abstractr‐spondin1 (rspo1) encodes a secreted protein that is involved in the determination and differentiation of the mammalian ovary. However, little information is yet available for teleosts. Here, we identified a homologue of rspo1 in Cynoglossus semilaevis. The full‐length cDNA of rspo1 had a length of 2,703 bp with an open reading frame of 834 bp, encoding a protein with a length of 277 amino‐acids. rspo1 expression was detected via qRT‐PCR in various tissues, and significant sexually dimorphic expression was observed in the gonads. Furthermore, ISH located rspo1 in germ cells such as spermatogonia, spermatocytes, spermatids, spermatozoa, and oocytes, as well as in somatic cells of the gonads. Following knockdown of rspo1 in an ovarian cell line, the expressions of wnt4a, β‐catenin, foxl2, and StAR were highly affected; wnt4a and β‐catenin were significantly downregulated, whereas foxl2 and StAR were significantly upregulated. In summary, these data suggest that rspo1 may be involved in the regulation of ovarian development and differentiation through a conserved pathway, while the function of the gene in the testis remains elusive.
Variation in crocodilian dorsal scute organization and geometry with a discussion of possible functional implications
Authors: English Lauren T. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDermal ossifications, including osteoderms, are present in many vertebrates and are frequently interpreted as a defense against predators. Nevertheless, osteoderms remain ubiquitous in adult crocodilians while being absent in hatchlings, even though adults rarely experience predation. In other biological systems, increased variation, particularly fluctuating asymmetry, have proven useful for identifying biological structures likely to have evolved under relaxed selection, which in turn may inform their function. Therefore, using the keratinous scutes as proxies for the underlying osteoderm morphology, I investigated the average intraspecific variability of geometry and fluctuating asymmetry in dorsal scutes in five species of crocodilians. I first tested for differences in variability of scute length and width, then for differences in bilateral fluctuating asymmetry of scute number, before finally investigating scute distribution patterns for each species compared to hypothetical rectangular and hexagonal scute arrangements. The American crocodile, Crocodylus acutus, shows significantly more asymmetry than other species, which is consistent with relaxed selection on osteoderms in this species. A suspected decrease in intraspecific aggression within Crocodylus acutus, in conjunction with the inferred relaxed selection, suggests that, in general, crocodilian osteoderms function primarily as defensive armor in aggressive encounters with conspecifics. The smooth‐fronted caiman, Paleosuchus trigonatus, exhibits increased variation in scute dimensions linked to the mediolateral offset of osteoderms in adjacent rows, possibly resulting in a more rigid carapace. Unfortunately, comparative data on crocodilian behavior, physiology, and development is extremely limited and restricts the ability to explore other potential explanations for the patterns observed, highlighting the need for more research on rare and cryptic crocodylians.
Improving the frame rates of Raman image sequences recorded with integral field spectroscopy using windowing and binning methods
Authors: Moralejo Benito , Schmälzlin Elmar , Bodenmüller Daniel , Fechner Thomas , Roth Martin M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAstrophysicists use Integral Field Spectroscopy to record spectrally resolved images of faint galaxies. Transferred to imaging Raman spectroscopy, this technique significantly accelerates the capture of Raman images as the simultaneous acquisition of multiple spectra makes scanning procedures obsolete. Furthermore, sequentially collected Raman images result in image sequences thus allowing to monitor Raman features in the spatial dimension over time. However, long readout times of the required large‐area charge coupled device detectors slow down the acquisition rate. Here we report how the acquisition frequency of Raman images can be enhanced with on‐chip windowing and binning readout. The potential of this approach is demonstrated with Raman image sequences of polystyrene beads in motion in a micro‐fluid environment.
Liquid chromatographic resolution of proline and pipecolic acid derivatives on chiral stationary phases based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid
Authors: Cho Eun Sol , Sung Ji Yeong , Jin Jong Sung , Hyun Myung Ho 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTwo liquid chromatographic chiral stationary phases based on (+)‐(18‐crown‐6)‐2,3,11,12‐tetracarboxylic acid were applied to the resolution of the amide derivatives of cyclic α‐amino acids including proline and pipecolic acid. Among the five amide derivatives of proline, aniline amide was resolved best on the first chiral stationary phase, which contains two N–H tethering amide groups, with the separation factor of 1.31 and the resolution of 2.60, and on the second chiral stationary phase, which contains two N–CH3 tethering amide groups, with the separation factor of 1.57 and the resolution of 5.50. Among the five amide derivatives of pipecolic acid, 2‐naphthyl amide was resolved best on the first chiral stationary phase with the separation factor of 1.30 and the resolution of 1.75, but 1‐naphthylmethyl amide was resolved best on the second chiral stationary phase with the separation factor of 1.30 and the resolution of 2.26. In general, the second chiral stationary phase was found to be better than the first chiral stationary phase in the resolution of the amide derivatives of cyclic α‐amino acids. In this study, the second chiral stationary phase was first demonstrated to be useful for the resolution of secondary amino compounds.
Effect of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor on disrupted E‐cadherin after acid exposure in the human nasal epithelium
Authors: Kim Byoungjae , Lee Hyun‐Ji , Im Nu‐Ri , Lee Doh Young , Kang Cha Young , Park Il‐Ho , Lee Seung Hoon , Lee Sang Hag , Baek Seung‐Kuk , Kim Tae Hoon 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveLaryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is one of potential factors in recalcitrant chronic rhinosinusitis with or without polyps. An increase in junctional permeability in the nasal mucosa in LPRD may be due to disrupted protein bridge formation with cell‐to‐cell adhesion molecules such as E‐cadherin. Despite the relationship between nasal mucosal inflammation and LPRD, the clear mechanism by which acid reflux affects the nasal epithelium remains unclear.MethodsThe expression levels and distribution patterns of E‐cadherin in primary culture of nasal epithelial cells after acid exposure with or without dexamethasone and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor were determined using Western blot and immunocytochemistry. The functional roles of MMP inhibitor in maintaining junctional permeability in the nasal epithelium were elucidated by transepithelial permeability test.ResultsBy acid exposure to nasal epithelial cells, mature E‐cadherin was decreased and cleaved E‐cadherin was increased. This was thought to be caused by cleavage of mature E‐cadherin between cells and was confirmed by the increment of E‐cadherin inside a cell in immunocytochemical evaluation. Whereas disruption of E‐cadherin was not recovered by steroid medication with various treatments of dexamethasone, disrupted E‐cadherin was restored to normal by inhibition of MMPs with actinonin, a broad MMP inhibitor. This recovery was functionally demonstrated by transepithelial permeability test.ConclusionOur results suggest that altered expression of E‐cadherin in the nasal epithelium by acid exposure may be a possible mechanism for nasal tissue injury in chronic nasal inflammation with LPRD, and that MMP inhibition is a potential treatment.Level of EvidenceNA. Laryngoscope, 128:E1–E7, 2018
Frailty, hospital volume, and failure to rescue after head and neck cancer surgery
Authors: Nieman Carrie L. , Stewart C. Matthew , Eisele David W. , Pronovost Peter J. , Gourin Christine G. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives/HypothesisWe previously reported that high‐volume hospital head and neck cancer (HNCA) surgical care is associated with decreased mortality, largely explained by reduced rates of failure to rescue. Frailty is an independent predictor of mortality, but is significantly less likely in patients receiving high‐volume care. We investigate whether differences in frailty rates explain the relationship between volume and outcomes in HNCA patients and whether frailty confounds the relationship between failure to rescue and mortality.Study DesignCross‐sectional analysis.MethodsDischarge data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample for 159,301 patients who underwent ablative surgery for a malignant oral cavity, laryngeal, hypopharyngeal, or oropharyngeal neoplasm in 2001 to 2010 were analyzed using cross‐tabulations and multivariate regression. Failure to rescue was defined as death after a major complication. Frailty was defined using frailty‐defining diagnosis clusters from the Johns Hopkins Adjusted Clinical Groups frailty‐defining diagnosis indicator.ResultsHigh‐volume hospital care was associated with a lower odds of frailty (odds ratio [OR]: 0.7 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5‐1.0]). Frail patients had higher odds of postoperative complications (OR: 4.1 [95% CI: 3.4‐4.9]) and mortality (OR: 2.0 [95% CI: 1.3‐3.2]), but no difference in failure to rescue rates (OR: 1.0 [95% CI: 0.6‐1.6]). High‐volume care was not associated with differences in odds of complications (OR: 1.0 [95% CI: 0.8‐1.2]), but was associated with significantly decreased odds of mortality (OR: 0.6 [95% CI: 0.5‐0.9]) and failure to rescue (OR: 0. 6 [95% CI: 0.3‐1.0]), which was not attenuated by adjusting for frailty.ConclusionsHigh‐volume HNCA surgical care is associated with a significantly lower odds of mortality, which appears to be associated with differences in the response to and management of complications rather than differences in frailty or complication rates.Level of Evidence2c. Laryngoscope, 128:1365–1370, 2018