bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biceps Lesion Associated With Rotator Cuff Tears
Authors: Jeong Ho Yeon , Kim Jung Youn , Cho Nam Su , Rhee Yong Girl 
Published: May 2016

Background: Various tenodesis methods are being used for long head of the biceps tendon lesions. However, there is no consensus on the most appropriate surgical method. Hypothesis: There are significant differences in incidence of cosmetic deformity and persistent bicipital pain between open subpectoral and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis groups. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study included 72 patients who underwent biceps tenodesis and rotator cuff repair between January 2009 and May 2014 and who were followed for at least 1 year. Open subpectoral tenodesis was performed in 39 patients (group A), and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis was performed in 33 patients (group B). Results: In group A, the mean visual analog scale (VAS) score for pain during motion and mean University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Constant scores significantly improved from 4.6, 18.6, and 64.5 preoperatively to 1.9, 30.5, and 86.5 at last follow-up, respectively ( P < .001 for all). In group B, these scores significantly improved from 5.1, 17.6, and 62.9 preoperatively to 1.8, 31.5, and 85.9 at last follow-up, respectively ( P < .001 for all). Popeye deformity was noted in 2 (5.2%) patients from group A and 5 (15.6%) patients from group B ( P = .231). Additionally, persistent bicipital tenderness was noted in 1 (2.6%) patient from group A and 8 (24.2%) patients from group B ( P = .012). Conclusion: Both open subpectoral tenodesis and arthroscopic intracuff tenodesis show good clinical outcomes for long head of the biceps tendon lesions. However, open subpectoral tenodesis may be more appropriate, considering the low incidence of Popeye deformity and tenderness.
Adoption and Completeness of Documentation Using a Structured Delivery Record in Secondary Care, Subdistrict Government Hospitals of Karnataka State, India
Authors: Mony Prem K. , Jayanna Krishnamurthy , Varghese Beena , Washington Maryann , Vinotha P. , Thomas Tinku 
Published: May 2016

Objective: Poor medical record documentation remains a pervasive problem in hospital delivery rooms, hampering efforts aimed at improving the quality of maternal and neonatal care in resource-limited settings. We evaluated the feasibility and completeness of labor room documentation within a quasi-experimental study aimed at improving emergency preparedness for obstetric and neonatal emergencies in 8 nonteaching, subdistrict, secondary care hospitals of Karnataka state, India. Methods: We redesigned the existing open-ended case sheet into a structured, delivery record cum job aide adhering to principles of local clinical relevance, parsimony, and computerizability. Skills and emergency drills training along with supportive supervision were introduced in 4 “intervention arm” hospitals while the new delivery records were used in eight intervention and control hospitals. Results: Introduction of the new delivery record was feasible over a “run-in” period of 4 months. About 92% (6103 of 6634) of women in intervention facilities and 80% (6205 of 7756) in control facilities had their delivery records filled in during the 1-year study period. Completeness of delivery record documentation fell into one of two subsets with one set of parameters being documented with minimal inputs (in both intervention and control sites) and another set of parameters requiring more intensive training efforts (and seen more in intervention than in control sites; P < .05). Conclusion: Under the stewardship of the local government, it was possible to institute a robust, reliable, and valid medical record documentation system as part of efforts to improve intrapartum and postpartum maternal and newborn care in hospitals.
MRI and CBCT image registration of temporomandibular joint: A systematic review
Authors: Al-Saleh Mohammed A. Q. , Alsufyani Noura A. , Saltaji Humam , Jaremko Jacob L. , Major Paul W. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose The purpose of the present review is to systematically and critically analyze the available literature regarding the importance, applicability, and practicality of (MRI), computerized tomography (CT) or cone-beam CT (CBCT) image registration for TMJ anatomy and assessment. Data sources A systematic search of 4 databases; MEDLINE, EMBASE, EBM reviews and Scopus, was conducted by 2 reviewers. An additional manual search of the bibliography was performed. Inclusion criteria All articles discussing the magnetic resonance imaging MRI and CT or CBCT image registration for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) visualization or assessment were included. Results and included articles’ characteristics Only 3 articles satisfied the inclusion criteria. All included articles were published within the last 7 years. Two articles described MRI to CT multimodality image registration as a complementary tool to visualize TMJ. Both articles used images of one patient only to introduce the complementary concept of MRI-CT fused image. One article assessed the reliability of using MRI-CBCT registration to evaluate the TMJ disc position and osseous pathology for 10 temporomandibular disorder (TMD) patients. Conclusion There are very limited studies of MRI-CT/CBCT registration to reach a conclusion regarding its accuracy or clinical use in the temporomandibular joints.
Ideological representations and Theme-Rheme analysis in English and Arabic news reports: a systemic functional approach
Authors: Potter Lorena 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOn 14 February 2005, the Lebanese Prime Minister, Rafiq al-Hariri, was killed along with 22 others in a massive car bomb in Beirut. His assassination provoked an international outcry, which ended the 30-year presence of Syria and led to the withdrawal of its troops from Lebanon. This paper explores the different representations of Syria in news reports following the investigation into Hariri’s murder. The main aim is to examine the efficacy of Halliday’s systems of THEME and INFORMATION in detecting ideological representations in the news. By ideological representations, we refer to the socially-shared meanings, beliefs and opinions expressed by mainstream news media regarding the portrayal of Syria and its link to the attacks in Lebanon. This paper, which is an extract from my doctoral thesis, is the first attempt to adopt Halliday’s functional model of Theme-Rheme in Arabic and apply his understanding of the clause as a message to English and Arabic news reports. The analysis compares and contrasts the thematic and information structures in 14 reports (7 in English and 7 in Arabic), which were published between 25 and 27 September 2006 by mainstream online news media, including Al-Jazeera and the British Broadcasting Corporation. The news sources provide English and Arabic versions allowing for a comparable analysis of structure, content and style. The results of the analysis confirm that Halliday’s systems of THEME and INFORMATION are effective tools to unlock the meaning-potential in Arabic clauses and detect underlying ideologies in English and Arabic news reports.
Investigation of Racial Disparities in Early Supportive Medication Use and End-of-Life Care Among Medicare Beneficiaries With Stage IV Breast Cancer
Authors: Check Devon K. , Samuel Cleo A. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Dusetzina Stacie B. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose Early supportive care may improve quality of life and end-of-life care among patients with cancer. We assessed racial disparities in early use of medications for common cancer symptoms (depression, anxiety, insomnia) and whether these potential disparities modify end-of-life care. Methods We used 2007 to 2012 SEER-Medicare data to evaluate use of supportive medications (opioid pain medications and nonopioid psychotropics, including antidepressants/anxiolytics and sleep aids) in the 90 days postdiagnosis among black and white women with stage IV breast cancer who died between 2007 and 2012. We used modified Poisson regression to assess the relationship between race and supportive treatment use and end-of-life care (hospice, intensive care unit, more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death, in-hospital death). Results The study included 752 white and 131 black women. We observed disparities in nonopioid psychotropic use between black and white women (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.51; 95% CI, 0.35 to 0.74) but not in opioid pain medication use. There were also disparities in hospice use (aRR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74 to 0.99), intensive care unit admission or more than one emergency department visit or hospitalization 30 days before death (aRR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.63), and risk of dying in the hospital (aRR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.22 to 2.09). Supportive medication use did not attenuate end-of-life care disparities. Conclusion We observed racial disparities in early supportive medication use among patients with stage IV breast cancer. Although they did not clearly attenuate end-of-life care disparities, medication use disparities may be of concern if they point to disparities in adequacy of symptom management given the potential implications for quality of life.
Two Years of Adjuvant Tamoxifen Provides a Survival Benefit Compared With No Systemic Treatment in Premenopausal Patients With Primary Breast Cancer: Long-Term Follow-Up (> 25 years) of the Phase III SBII:2pre Trial
Authors: Ekholm Maria , Bendahl Pär-Ola , Fernö Mårten , Nordenskjöld Bo , Stål Olle , Rydén Lisa 
Published: May 2016

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term effect of 2 years of adjuvant tamoxifen compared with no systemic treatment (control) in premenopausal patients with breast cancer over different time periods through long-term (> 25 years) follow-up. Patients and Methods Premenopausal patients with primary breast cancer (N = 564) were randomly assigned to 2 years of tamoxifen (n = 276) or no systemic treatment (n = 288). Data regarding date and cause of death were obtained from the Swedish Cause of Death Register. End points were cumulative mortality (CM) and cumulative breast cancer–related mortality (CBCM). The median follow-up for the 250 patients still alive in April 2014 was 26.3 years (range, 22.7 to 29.7 years). Results In patients with estrogen receptor–positive tumors (n = 362), tamoxifen was associated with a marginal reduction in CM (hazard ratio [HR], 0.77; 95% CI, 0.58 to 1.03; P = .075) and a significant reduction in CBCM (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.99; P = .046). The effect seemed to vary over time (CM years 0 to 5: HR, 1.05; 95% CI, 0.64 to 1.73; years > 5 to 15: HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.91; and after 15 years: HR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.42; CBCM years 0 to 5: HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.65 to 1.82; years > 5 to 15: HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.33 to 0.86; and after 15 years: HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.36 to 1.44). Conclusion Two years of adjuvant tamoxifen resulted in a long-term survival benefit in premenopausal patients with estrogen receptor–positive primary breast cancer.
Hydrocortisone as an Intervention for Dexamethasone-Induced Adverse Effects in Pediatric Patients With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Results of a Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Warris Lidewij T. , van den Heuvel-Eibrink Marry M. , Aarsen Femke K. , Pluijm Saskia M.F. , Bierings Marc B. , van den Bos Cor , Zwaan Christian M. , Thygesen Helene H. , Tissing Wim J.E. , Veening Margreet A. , Pieters Rob , van den Akker Erica L.T. 
Published: May 2016

Purpose Dexamethasone is a key component in the treatment of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), but can induce serious adverse effects. Recent studies have led to the hypothesis that neuropsychological adverse effects may be a result of cortisol depletion of the cerebral mineralocorticoid receptors. We examined whether including a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone in dexamethasone treatment can reduce neuropsychologic and metabolic adverse effects in children with ALL. Patients and Methods We performed a multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial with a crossover design. Of 116 potentially eligible patients (age 3 to 16 years), 50 were enrolled and were treated with two consecutive courses of dexamethasone in accordance with Dutch Childhood Oncology Group ALL protocols. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either hydrocortisone or placebo in a circadian rhythm (10 mg/m2/d) during both dexamethasone courses. Primary outcome measure was parent-reported Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch, which assesses psychosocial problems. Other end points included questionnaires, neuropsychological tests, and metabolic parameters. Results Of 48 patients who completed both courses, hydrocortisone had no significant effect on outcome; however, a more detailed analysis revealed that in 16 patients who developed clinically relevant psychosocial adverse effects, addition of hydrocortisone substantially reduced their Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire in Dutch scores in the following domains: total difficulties, emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and impact of difficulties. Moreover, in nine patients who developed clinically relevant, sleep-related difficulties, addition of hydrocortisone reduced total sleeping problems and disorders of initiating and maintaining sleep. In contrast, hydrocortisone had no effect on metabolic parameters. Conclusion Our results suggest that adding a physiologic dose of hydrocortisone to dexamethasone treatment can reduce the occurrence of serious neuropsychological adverse effects and sleep-related difficulties in pediatric patients with ALL.
Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Diagnostic Applications
Authors: Daher Rana K , Stewart Gale , Boissinot Maurice , Bergeron Michel G 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
First introduced in 2006, recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) has stirred great interest, as evidenced by 75 publications as of October 2015, with 56 of them just in the last 2 years. The widespread adoption of this isothermal molecular tool in many diagnostic fields represents an affordable (approximately 4.3 USD per test), simple (few and easy hands-on steps), fast (results within 5–20 min), and sensitive (single target copy number detected) method for the identification of pathogens and the detection of single nucleotide polymorphisms in human cancers and genetically modified organisms.

CONTENT
This review summarizes the current knowledge on RPA. The molecular diagnostics of various RNA/DNA pathogens is discussed while highlighting recent applications in clinical settings with focus on point-of-care (POC) bioassays and on automated fluidic platforms. The strengths and limitations of this isothermal method are also addressed.

SUMMARY
RPA is becoming a molecular tool of choice for the rapid, specific, and cost-effective identification of pathogens. Owing to minimal sample-preparation requirements, low operation temperature (25–42 °C), and commercial availability of freeze-dried reagents, this method has been applied outside laboratory settings, in remote areas, and interestingly, onboard automated sample-to-answer microfluidic devices. RPA is undoubtedly a promising isothermal molecular technique for clinical microbiology laboratories and emergence response in clinical settings.
Determining the secondary school teachers’ self-efficacy beliefs about teaching profession<p>Ortaokullarda görev yapan öğretmenlerin öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik öz yeterlik algilarinin incelenmesi
Authors: Döş Bülent , Özdemir Doğan Gülay 
Published: May 2016

Self-efficacy refers to beliefs about one’s capabilities to learn or perform behaviors at designated levels (Bandura, 1997). The main aim of this study is to determine the self-efficacy beliefs of teachers about teaching profession. The research was designed based on a descriptive survey method. The research group comprised 217 secondary school teachers working in 22 schools in Gaziantep city center in Turkey. The data were collected using the Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale originally developed by Tschannen-Moran ve Woolfolk Hoy (2001) and adapted to Turkish by Çapa, Çakıroğlu, Sarıkaya (2005). The data were analyzed using basic descriptive statistics (arithmetic means and standard deviations), independent samples t test and one way Anova analysis.As a result of the study it was concluded that participating secondary school teachers had favorable beliefs of self-efficacy in terms of teaching profession. We can conclude that gender is not effective according to the context of the self-efficacy. Subjects taught are not related with self-efficacy in this study. Finally this study showed that reward and punishment is very important for the self-efficacy beliefs of the secondary teachers. Because self-efficacy influences academic motivation some activities can be done to increase the self-efficacy beliefs of the teachers by providing different reward system. ÖzetÖz-yeterlik bireylerin herhangi bir performansa yönelik kendileri hakkında algıları şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Öğretmenlerin mesleklerine ilişkin öz-yeterlik algıları öğretimin kalitesini doğrudan etkileyen faktörlerden birisidir. Ortaokul öğretmenlerinin öğretmenlik mesleğine yönelik öz yeterlik algılarının araştırıldığı bu çalışma betimsel bir tarama çalışmasıdır. Araştırma 2013–2014 eğitim-öğretim yılında Gaziantep İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne bağlı olan 22 ortaokulda görev yapan 217 öğretmenle gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada veriler orjinali Tschannen-Moran ve Woolfolk Hoy (2001) tarafından geliştirilen ve Türkçeye adaptasyonu Çapa, Çakıroğlu, Sarıkaya (2005) tarafından yapılan “Öğretmen Öz-yeterlik” ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Veriler SPSS programı ile, frekans, yüzde, varyans analizi, bağımsız gruplar t-testi gibi tekniklerle analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmadan elde sonuçlara göre öğretmenlerin mesleklerine yönelik öz-yeterlik algıları yüksektir, cinsiyete, branşa ve sınıf mevcuduna göre değişmemektedir. Ancak öğretmenlerin öz-yeterlik algıları almış oldukları disiplin cezalara ve ödüllere göre değişiklik göstermektedir. Araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ışığında öğretmenlerin öz-yeterliklerini artırıcı ödül uygulamaları ve öz-yeterliğe etkisi zayıf ceza uygulamalarının geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.
Diagrams of the past: How timelines can aid the growth of historical knowledge
Authors: Champagne Marc 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHistorians occasionally use timelines, but many seem to regard such signs merely as ways of visually summarizing results that are presumably better expressed in prose. Challenging this language-centered view, I suggest that timelines might assist the generation of novel historical insights. To show this, I begin by looking at studies confirming the cognitive benefits of diagrams like timelines. I then try to survey the remarkable diversity of timelines by analyzing actual examples. Finally, having conveyed this (mostly untapped) potential, I argue that neglecting timelines might mean neglecting significant aspects of reality that are revealed only by those signs. My overall message is that once we accept that relations are as important for the mind as what they relate, we have to pay closer attention to any semiotic device that enables or facilitates the discernment of new relations.
Affect and affordances – The role of action and emotion in social interaction
Authors: Jensen Thomas Wiben , Pedersen Sarah Bro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn adopting new theoretical advancements within cognitive science, emotion studies, and ecological psychology, this paper explores how the notion of affordances gains strength and explanatory power by being linked to the notions of affect and emotion. In doing so, it is claimed that the notions of direct perception and affordances can be used to analyse and understand the trajectory of fast and on-going choices that underlies human interaction as an ecological alternative to the micro-sociological perspective of Conversation Analysis. This perspective is laid out in in-depth analyses of three real-life examples from three different organizational settings: an emergency ward at a hospital, a school for children with special needs, and a kindergarten. Inherent in each setting one finds a pre-defined set of expectations of how specific actions are carried out by the participants to achieve organizational goals. However, in each example, slightly different and surprising actions are accomplished during the on-going interaction. As the participants engage in the task, they use the affordances of the environment – including other individuals – differently, which highlights the complicated nature of affordances in relation to social interaction. The situations all entertain a number of potential affordances; yet only one (or at least few) is enacted. It is argued that this choice – a pull towards certain aspects at the expense of others – is saturated by emotionality and affective involvement. Finally, these findings are used to illustrate how emotion and cognition can be re-thought, not as distinct processes, but as intertwined in an organism-environment-system.
Assessment of the forest landscape along selected motor vehicle routes
Authors: Janeczko Emilia , Janeczko Krzysztof , Moskalik Tadeusz , Woźnicka Małgorzata 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the results of research that aims to analyse and evaluate the attractiveness of the forest landscape in the vicinity of selected motor vehicle routes that differ in terms of technical parameters, such as motorways, regional roads and local (municipal) roads. The diversity of landscape units was used as the measure of landscape attractiveness. Landscape diversity analysis allows to establish the details related to specific parts of the road and the options for configuring the road environment. These options relate to the way the forest is managed and mainly involve aspects of infrastructure and cultivation. They include activities such as afforestation work and rebuilding the species composition of forest stands. According to the research, the lower the technical class of a road, the greater is the need to take action to adapt the structural-tree stand system to meet the safety requirements of road users.
GluA2-Containing AMPA Receptors Distinguish Ribbon-Associated from Ribbonless Afferent Contacts on Rat Cochlear Hair Cells
Authors: Martinez-Monedero Rodrigo , Liu Chang , Weisz Catherine , Vyas Pankhuri , Fuchs Paul Albert , Glowatzki Elisabeth 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMechanosensory hair cells release glutamate at ribbon synapses to excite postsynaptic afferent neurons, via AMPA-type ionotropic glutamate receptors (AMPARs). However, type II afferent neurons contacting outer hair cells in the mammalian cochlea were thought to differ in this respect, failing to show GluA immunolabeling and with many “ribbonless” afferent contacts. Here it is shown that antibodies to the AMPAR subunit GluA2 labeled afferent contacts below inner and outer hair cells in the rat cochlea, and that synaptic currents in type II afferents had AMPAR-specific pharmacology. Only half the postsynaptic densities of type II afferents that labeled for PSD-95, Shank, or Homer were associated with GluA2 immunopuncta or presynaptic ribbons, the “empty slots” corresponding to ribbonless contacts described previously. These results extend the universality of AMPAergic transmission by hair cells, and support the existence of silent afferent contacts.