bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Youth Social Capital Scale in a Malaysian Undergratuate Sample: A Confirmatory Factorial Analysis
Authors: Viapude Glory Nancy , Seng Tan Chee , Yeong Lim Yeong 
Published: October 2017

Studies on adolescents’ development have shown that social capital plays an important role in reducing engagement in risky behaviours. However, social capital has been broadly conceptualized. The differences in definition raise the need for a comprehensive scale to capture the full picture of social capital especially among young people. Onyx, Wood, Bullen, and Osburn (2005) developed the 34-itemYouth Social Capital Scale (YSCS), which taps on seven dimensions of social capital (Family and Friends, Participation in Community, Moral Principles, Neighbor Connections, Trust and Safety, Friends and Youth Social Agency). The YSCS is one of the few scales available to measure social capital among young people. Although the YSCS has been found to be reliable and valid, a study using Greece sample revealed that only five out of the seven subscales were psychometrically sound. The inconsistency suggests that structure of the YSCS may vary culturally. The primary goal of this study was to evaluate factor structure of the YSCS in Malaysia context. Confirmatory factor analysis on responses obtained from 194 undergraduates supported the theoretical structure of seven first-order factors and one second order factor upon running the necessary modifications. Specifically, all items loaded on the corresponding seven dimensions as assumed except two items (item 3 and 15). Moreover, a general social capital score can be accounted for by the seven dimensions. The findings offer preliminary evidence that YSCS is a valid measure of social capital among young Malaysians.However, some items were found conceptually overlapped and modifications are needed to improve qualities of the YSCS.
A Mutator Phenotype Promoting the Emergence of Spontaneous Oxidative Stress-Resistant Mutants in Campylobacter jejuni
Authors: Dai Lei , Sahin Orhan , Tang Yizhi , Zhang Qijing 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT

Campylobacter jejuni
is a leading cause of foodborne illnesses worldwide. As a microaerophilic organism,
C. jejuni
must be able to defend against oxidative stress encountered both in the host and in the environment. How
Campylobacter
utilizes a mutation-based mechanism for adaptation to oxidative stress is still unknown. Here we present a previously undescribed phenotypic and genetic mechanism that promotes the emergence of oxidative stress-resistant mutants. Specifically, we showed that a naturally occurring mutator phenotype, resulting from a loss of function mutation in the DNA repair enzyme MutY, increased oxidative stress resistance (OX
R
) in
C. jejuni
. We further demonstrated that MutY malfunction did not directly contribute to the OX
R
phenotype but increased the spontaneous mutation rate in the peroxide regulator gene
perR
, which functions as a repressor for multiple genes involved in oxidative stress resistance. Mutations in PerR resulted in loss of its DNA binding function and derepression of PerR-controlled oxidative stress defense genes, thereby conferring an OX
R
phenotype and facilitating
Campylobacter
survival under oxidative stress. These findings reveal a new mechanism that promotes the emergence of spontaneous OX
R
mutants in bacterial organisms.

IMPORTANCE
Although a mutator phenotype has been shown to promote antibiotic resistance in many bacterial species, little is known about its contribution to the emergence of OX
R
mutants. This work describes the link between a mutator phenotype and the enhanced emergence of OX
R
mutants as well as its underlying mechanism involving DNA repair and mutations in PerR. Since DNA repair systems and PerR are well conserved in many bacterial species, especially in Gram positives, the same mechanism may operate in multiple bacterial species. Additionally, we developed a novel method that allows for rapid quantification of spontaneous OX
R
mutants in a bacterial population. This method represents a technical innovation and may also be applied to other bacterial species. These findings significantly advance our understanding of bacterial mechanisms for survival under oxidative stress.
Long-term follow-up after bilateral percutaneous epiphysiodesis around the knee to reduce excessive predicted final height
Authors: Goedegebuure Wesley J , Jonkers Frank , Boot Annemieke M , Bakker-van Waarde Willie M , van Tellingen Vera , Heeg Minne , Odink Roelof J , van Douveren Florens , Besselaar Arnold T , van der Steen Marieke C 
Published: October 2017

ContextPercutaneous epiphysiodesis (PE) around the knee to reduce predicted excessive final height. Studies until now included small numbers of patients and short follow-up periods.Objective and designThis Dutch multicentre, long-term, retrospective, follow-up study aimed to assess adult height (AH), complications, knee function and patient satisfaction after PE. The primary hypothesis was that PE around the knee in constitutionally tall boys and girls is an effective treatment for reducing final height with low complication rates and a high level of patient satisfaction.Participants77 treated adolescents and 60 comparisons.InterventionPercutaneous epiphysiodesis.OutcomeAH, complications, knee function, satisfaction.ResultsIn the PE-treated group, final height was 7.0 cm (±6.3 cm) lower than predicted in boys and 5.9 cm (±3.7 cm) lower than predicted in girls. Short-term complications in file search were seen in 5.1% (three infections, one temporary nerve injury), one requiring reoperation. Long-term complications in file search were seen in 2.6% (axis deformity 1.3%, prominent head of fibula 1.3%). No significant difference in knee function was found between treated cases and comparisons. Satisfaction was high in both the comparison and PE groups; most patients in the PE group recommended PE as the treatment for close relatives with tall stature.ConclusionPE is safe and effective in children with predicted excessive AH. There was no difference in patient satisfaction between the PE and comparison group. Careful and detailed counselling is needed before embarking on treatment.
How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years
Authors: Marques Adilson , Santos Diana A , Hillman Charles H , Sardinha Luís B 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.
Gymnastics injury incidence during the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Olympic Games: analysis of prospectively collected surveillance data from 963 registered gymnasts during Olympic Games
Authors: Edouard Pascal , Steffen Kathrin , Junge Astrid , Leglise Michel , Soligard Torbjørn , Engebretsen Lars 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo determine the incidence and characteristics of injuries in female and male gymnastics disciplines (artistic, rhythmic and trampoline) during three Olympic Games with a view to ultimately improving injury prevention.MethodsThe National Olympic Committee’s head physicians and the medical teams of the Local Organising Committee of the Olympic Games reported daily the occurrence (or non-occurrence) of newly sustained injuries in artistic, rhythmic and trampoline gymnastics on a standardised report form during the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Summer Olympic Games.ResultsDuring the three Olympic Games, 81 injuries were reported in a total of 963 registered gymnasts, corresponding to an incidence of 84 injuries (95% CI 67 to 102) per 1000 registered gymnasts, with no difference in injury incidence between female and male gymnasts. Thirty-eight per cent of injuries led to time-loss from sport. The most frequent injury location and injury type were the ankle (22%) and sprain (35%), respectively. The most common diagnosis was ankle sprain (14% of all injuries and 23% of time-loss injuries). The injury incidence was highest in female (107±35) and male artistic gymnastics (83±32), followed by female rhythmic gymnastics (73±30), and lower in male (63±69) and female (43±43) trampoline gymnastics.ConclusionsResearch should focus on preventing injuries in artistic gymnastics and of the condition of ankle sprain. Injury surveillance studies should be continued during major championships and throughout the entire competitive season as the Olympic Games provides only a snapshot (although an important one).
Simple six-item clinical score improves risk prediction capability of stress echocardiography
Authors: Cortigiani Lauro , Carpeggiani Clara , Sicari Rosa , Michelassi Claudio , Bovenzi Francesco , Picano Eugenio 
Published: October 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the value of a simple score integrating non-ischaemia-related variables in expanding the wall motion abnormalities risk power during stress echocardiography (SE).MethodsStudy includes 14 279 patients who underwent SE for evaluation of coronary artery disease. All-cause death was the end point. Patients were randomly divided into the modelling and validation group of equal size. In the modelling group, multivariate analysis was conducted using clinical, rest and SE data, and a score was obtained from the number of non-ischaemia-related independent prognostic predictors. The score prognostic capability was compared in both groups.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 31 months, 1230 patients died: 622 (9%) in the modelling and 608 (9%) in the validation group (p=0.68). Independent predictors of mortality were ischaemia at SE (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.49 to 2.12; p<0.0001) and six other parameters: age>65 years, wall motion at rest, diabetes, left bundle branch block, anti-ischaemic therapy and male sex. Risk score resulted prognostically effective in the modelling and validation groups, both with and without inducible ischaemia subset. When risk score was included in the multivariate analysis, besides ischaemia at SE it was the only independent predictor of mortality in the modelling (HR 1.70, 95% CI 1.60 to 1.82; p<0.0001), in the validation (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.65 to 1.90; p<0.0001) and in the overall group (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.66 to 1.82; p<0.0001).ConclusionsSimple clinical variables may be able to optimise SE risk stratification.
25-year-old man with chest pain
Authors: Singh Dhara , Bhat Rachana , Kothari Shyam S 
Published: October 2017

Clinical introductionA 25-year-old man presented with complaints of acute-onset chest pain for 2 hours associated with diaphoresis and generalised weakness. He had history of smoking for 10 years. There was no history of hypertension, diabetes, family history of premature coronary artery disease or drug abuse. On evaluation, his heart rate was 76/min, blood pressure 130/90 mm Hg and oxygen saturation 97% on room air. Cardiovascular examination was normal. The ECG is shown in figure 1.Figure 1
Integrating traditional biomedical and high reliability organisation approaches: solving puzzles and problems
Authors: Pronovost Peter J , Mathews Simon C , Marsteller Jill A , Sutcliffe Kathleen M 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the important distinctions between traditional biomedical and high reliability organisation (HRO) approaches in advancing healthcare delivery. To further describe how these two concepts can be integrated in a learning health system to improve care for patients, providers’ experience and healthcare organisations’ effectiveness.Methods and analysisA description of how HRO and traditional biomedical approaches address problems in healthcare is provided, along with a description of their key characteristics. This is followed by a discussion on how to combine these concepts synergistically to the benefit of all stakeholders in a learning health system.ResultsHealth systems are challenged to become learning health systems but the path toward this goal is not well described, particularly on how to integrate existing approaches.ConclusionHRO and traditional biomedical approaches are important strategies to improving healthcare. However, they fundamentally address the challenges in healthcare differently. It is important to find ways to integrate these concepts to achieve maximum benefit in a learning health system.
Synthesis and characterization of the mixed valence Cu(l)/Cu(ll) 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)-pyrazolate complex, [Cu(ll)2Cu(l)(F6dmpz)5]
Authors: Ehlert Martin K. , Storr Alan , Summers David A. , Thompson Robert C. 
Published: October 2017

The reaction of molten 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole (F6dmpzH) with copper metal shot under an atmosphere of dioxygen yields the green trimetallic mixed valence [Cu(II)2Cu(1)(F6dmpz)5]. Crystals of [Cu(II)2Cu(I)(F6dmpz)5] are triclinic, a = 9.0557(2), b = 9.6164(2), c = 11.8874(3) Å, α= 105.406(1)°, β = 112.317(1)°, γ = 90.662(1)°, Z= 1, space group P͞1. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and was refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to a final R value of 0.0538 for 2591 reflections with I≥2σ(I). Magnetic susceptibility studies over the range 2–300 K reveal strong antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the two copper(II) centers. Fits of the magnetic data to the Bleaney-Bowers equation for two interacting S= ½ centers gives the exchange coupling constant J = –235 cm–1. Key words: trimetallic, copper, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazolates, X-ray structure, antiferromagnetism.
How to read Hasan or the resurrection of a contingent apparition of real readers
Authors: Spahić Vedad 
Published: October 2017

How to read Hasan or the resurrection of a contingent apparition of real readersA fragment from the novel Death and the Dervish, the famous monologue by Hasan about the Bosniak identity, to which this review is dedicated, is exceptionally appropriate for an interpretative manipulation. We have approached it from two different methodological starting points. The first reading (the inner approach) attempts to shed light on the aesthetic efficiency of Hasan’s soliloquy in the context of the structure/totality of the novel. The second starting point (the outer approach) is reading the monologue as an auto-imagological, politically instrumentalized discourse. The text should also be understood as an implicit answer to the question of whether it is possible to plausibly combine these approaches despite the incompatibility of the analytical points, while considering the fact that the compatibility of the writer’s and reader’s worldview is not a necessary prerequisite for aesthetic communication. Jak czytać Hasana albo zmartwychwstanie przypadkowego widma rzeczywistych czytelnikówFragment powieści Derwisz i śmierć M. Selimovicia, słynny monolog Hasana na temat bośniackiej tożsamości, któremu poświęcono niniejszy artykuł, jest wyjątkowo podatny na manipulacje interpretacyjne. W tekście dokonano jego analizy, obierając dwa różne metodologiczne punkty wyjścia. Pierwszy typ lektury (podejście wewnętrzne) jest próbą rzucenia światła na estetyczną skuteczność soliloqium Hasana w kontekście struktury całości powieści. Drugi punkt wyjścia (podejście zewnętrzne) to odczytanie monologu jako autoimagologicznego, politycznie zinstrumentalizowanego dyskursu. Celem tekstu jest także (implicit) próba odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy – mimo niezgodności punktów analitycznych – możliwe jest wiarygodne połączenie tych dwóch podejść, biorąc pod uwagę fakt, że zgodność poglądów pisarza i czytelnika nie jest koniecznym warunkiem wstępnym komunikacji estetycznej.
Life-giving springs and The Mother of God Zhivonosen Istochnik / Zoodochos Pege / Balikliyska. Byzantine-Greek-Ottoman intercultural influence and its aftereffects in iconography, religious writings and ritual practices in the region of Plovdiv
Authors: Lubańska Magdalena 
Published: October 2017

Life-giving springs and The Mother of God Zhivonosen Istochnik / Zoodochos Pege / Balikliyska. Byzantine-Greek-Ottoman intercultural influence and its aftereffects in iconography, religious writings and ritual practices in the region of PlovdivThis article looks at veneration of healing springs (ayazma) in Orthodox Christian churches and monasteries in the region of Plovdiv and Asenovgrad (Bulgaria) to raise the problem of its connections to Byzantine, Greek and Ottoman religious cultures of Constantinople/Istanbul. My argument is based on the fieldwork and archival research I conducted in 2012–2014 to seek an answer to a research question that had kept me intrigued for over a decade: namely, what is the meaning, in practical terms, of the claim frequently made by Orthodox Christians that the various religious rituals they engaged in (with the exception of funerary ones) were practiced “for health” (za zdrave). Życiodajne źródła i Bogurodzica Żiwonosen Iztocznik / Zoodochos Pege / Baliklijska. Bizantyńsko-grecko-osmańskie oddziaływania międzykulturowe i ich reperkusje w ikonografii, piśmiennictwie i praktykach rytualnych w regionie PłowdiwuNiniejszy artykuł poświęcono problematyce kultu leczniczych wód (ajazma) na terenie bułgarskich prawosławnych cerkwi i monasterów w regionie Płowdiwu i Asenowgradu oraz jego domniemanych związków z bizantyńską, grecką i osmańską kulturą religijną Konstantynopola/Stambułu. Swoje tezy autorka opiera na badaniach terenowych i kwerendach archiwalnych prowadzonych w latach 2012–2014. Badania miały na celu odnalezienie odpowiedzi na nękające autorkę od ponad dekady pytanie badawcze, co prawosławni wierni mają na myśli, gdy uzasadniają praktycznie wszystkie podejmowane przez siebie religijne rytuały (z wyjątkiem funeralnych) tym, że wykonują je „dla zdrowia” (za zdrave).
Partenij Pavlovič – the “wandering monk” as a networker
Authors: Detrez Raymond 
Published: October 2017

Partenij Pavlovič – the “wandering monk” as a networkerPartenij Pavlovič was a Bulgarian monk (ca. 1700–1760) who spent his entire active life in the service of the Serbian Orthodox Churches of Pec and Karlovci. He used the intellectual network created by the ecclesiastical structures and to some extent also created a personal network that helped him spread the anti-Muslim and anti-Catholic ideas the Orthodox church at that time stood for. As such, he is to a much lesser extent than is often assumed a forerunner of Balkan Enlightenment but appears to be strongly rooted in a rather medieval perception of the world. Partenij Pavlovič – „wędrujący mnich” jako twórca sieci Partenij Pavlovič był bułgarskim mnichem (ok. 1700–1760), który spędził całe swoje życie w służbie Serbskich Cerkwi Prawosławnych w Peći i Karłowicach. Wykorzystywał on sieć intelektualną stworzoną przez struktury kościelne i do pewnego stopnia stworzył osobistą sieć, która pomogła mu rozpowszechniać antymuzułmańskie i antykatolickie idee, propagowane przez ówczesny Kościół Prawosławny. Jako taki jest on w mniejszym stopniu prekursorem oświecenia bałkańskiego, niż to się zwykle twierdzi, był on raczej silnie zakorzeniony w średniowiecznym postrzeganiu świata.
Предсказанията на Матей Лансберг в български фрагмент от XIX в. (щрихи към гадателните книги и профетичната литература на Балканите)
Authors: Цибранска-Костова [TSibranska-Kostova] Марияна [Mariiana] 
Published: October 2017

Mathieu Laensberg’s Prophecys in a nineteenth-century Bulgarian fragment (a sketch on fortune-telling books and prophetic literature in the Balkans)The article presents comments on and text edition of two folios of the so-called Bulgarian fragment of Mathieu Laensberg’s prophecy, written in the Bulgarian language of the first thirty years of the nineteenth century. The article does not focus on the prophet’s very speculative biography, neither on one of the Enlightenment’s most valued Almanacs, from Belgian Liege, which since its first appearance in 1636 was also associated with Laensberg. Rather, she aims at sketching preliminary observations about some typological features of the prognostic and prophetic literature, both western and eastern, emphasizing the analysed text and its comparison to the horoscopic portion in’s 1838 Perpetual Calendar by Teodor Pirdopski, who was best known as a gifted compiler of damascenes and miscellanies. Przepowiednie Mathieu Laendsberga w dziewiętnastowiecznym „fragmencie bułgarskim” (szkice o księgach wróżbiarskich i literaturze profetycznej na Bałkanach) Artykuł składa się z komentarzy oraz edycji 2 kart tzw. fragmentu bułgarskiego przepowiedni Mathieu Laensberga, spisanej w bułgarszczyźnie pierwszego trzydziestolecia XIX wieku. Badaczka nie koncentruje uwagi ani na opartej na domysłach biografii samego profety, ani też na jednym z najbardziej cenionych w epoce oświecenia almanachu z belgijskiego Liège, od początku swego istnienia (1636 roku) wiązanego z nazwiskiem Laensberga. Odwołując się do tekstów zachodnio- i wschodnioeuropejskich, badaczka formułuje szereg uwag na temat niektórych typologicznych cech piśmiennictwa wróżbiarskiego i prorockiego, kładąc przy tym nacisk na interesujący ją odpis oraz porównując go z wiecznym kalendarzem Teodora Pirdopskiego (1838), znanego jako kopista i kompilator tzw. damaskinów i zbiorów o treści mieszanej.