bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Alternative cereal crop rotations in a no‐tillage dryland under Mediterranean conditions
Authors: Nascimento Gonçalo , Villegas Dolors , Álvaro‐Fuentes Jorge , Cantero‐Martínez Carlos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCereal crops are frequently rotated with broadleaf crops to achieve the benefits associated with crop diversification. However, broadleaf crops often fail in Mediterranean drylands due to their lower adaptation to drought. Alternative cereal crops such as triticale (×Triticosecale Wittmack) and oat (Avena sativa L.) can help diversify drylands in the Ebro valley, dominated by barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation. A 6‐year field experiment was conducted with five crop sequences under no‐tillage: triticale–wheat–barley (TWB), oat–wheat–barley (OWB), fallow–wheat–barley, monocrop wheat, and monocrop barley. Wheat and barley grain yield, N use efficiency, and water use efficiency responses were evaluated, and economic analyses of the whole sequences were performed. Oat increased subsequent wheat yields by 15% and barley yields by 12% (p < 0.001) compared to monocropping. Similar water and N availability at sowing suggest additional synergies in an OWB rotation (possibly pest reduction), contributing to the yield increase of both crops. However, this rotation was less profitable than a TWB rotation (p = 0.002) due to the limited adaptation of oat to Mediterranean settings. Long fallowing lacked consistent benefits in water and N availability for subsequent crops. This practice protects farmers from economic losses in low‐yielding seasons, but there is an associated opportunity cost in favorable years. The introduction of alternative cereal crops has demonstrated benefits for wheat and barley production, although greater understanding of the synergistic mechanisms involved is essential to ascertain whether resource efficiency is maintained beyond the studied timeframe.
A universal gelation strategy of bivalent anions to construct nanofibrous lysozyme hydrogels for immunomemory anti‐recurrence of diabetic wound infection by activating the cGAS‐STING pathway
Authors: Wang Aihui , Li Liqun , Zheng Liqian , Jiang Bang‐Ping , Liu Yihao , Huang Rimei , Qiu Huimin , Ji Shichen , Liang Hong , Shen Xing‐Can 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntibacterial lysozyme hydrogels show attractive advantages in wound dressings due to their intrinsic antibacterial activity and excellent biochemical and mechanical properties. Unfortunately, the development of such hydrogels is still greatly limited due to the lack of universal gelation strategies. Herein, a universal gelation strategy between lysozyme‐nanofiber (LZF) and inorganic salts is proposed for the first time to construct functional nanofibrous lysozyme‐based hydrogels. In particular, divalent anions are found to universally drive LZF for the aggregation and transformation into three‐dimensional nanofibrous network hydrogels via electrostatic interaction, and the key role of divalent anions in the gelation is further proved by molecular dynamics simulation. In addition, near‐infrared light‐mediated photothermal characteristics are endowed with LZF to enhance its inhibitory activity of multidrug‐resistant bacteria by the skeleton modification with genipin to produce genipin‐conjuagted LZF (GLZF). As a distinct application paradigm, the brilliant immunomemory MnSO4‐crosslinked GLZF hydrogel is constructed to sensitize the cGAS‐STING pathway and skillfully establish an antibacterial immune microenvironment. It can excellently realize the anti‐recurrence of diabetic wound infection via photo‐enhanced bacterial killing and the cGAS‐STING pathway. Thereby, it paves the way to employ the universal divalent anion‐mediated gelation strategy for the future development of functional inorganic salt hybrid lysozyme hydrogels.
TIM‐4 increases the proportion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T cells in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma microenvironment by inhibiting IL‐6 secretion
Authors: Wang Ziyao , Xie Zerong , Mou Yu , Geng Ruiman , Chen Chen , Ke Nengwen 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, creating more effector T cells and augmenting their functions is a focal point in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) treatment research. T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain molecule 4 (TIM‐4), known for promoting cancer progression in various malignancies, is implicated in the suppressive immune microenvironment of tumors. Analyzing of the role of TIM‐4 in the immune regulation of PDAC can offer novel insights for immune therapy.MethodsWe analyzed the TIM‐4 expression in tumor specimens from PDAC patients. Meanwhile, multiple fluorescent immunohistochemical staining was used to study the distribution characteristics of TIM‐4, and through tissue microarrays, we explored its correlation with patient prognosis. The influence of TIM‐4 overexpression on cell function was analyzed using RNA‐seq. Flow cytometry and ELISA were used for verification. Finally, the relationship between TIM‐4 and T lymphocytes was analyzed by tissue microarray, and the impacts of TIM‐4 on T cell subsets were observed by cell coculture technology and a mouse pancreatic cancer in situ model.ResultsIn PDAC, TIM‐4 is mainly expressed in tumor cells and negatively correlated with patient prognosis. TIM‐4 influences the differentiation of Treg by inhibiting IL‐6 secretion in pancreatic cancer cells and facilitates the proliferation of pancreatic cancer in mice. Additionally, the mechanism may be through the CD8+ effector T cells (CD8+Tc).ConclusionTIM‐4 has the potential to be an immunotherapeutic target or to improve the efficacy of chemotherapy for PDAC.
Gut microbial subtypes and clinicopathological value for colorectal cancer
Authors: Han Shuwen , Zhuang Jing , Song Yifei , Wu Xinyue , Yu Xiaojian , Tao Ye , Chu Jian , Qu Zhanbo , Wu Yinhang , Han Shugao , Yang Xi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundGut bacteria are related to colorectal cancer (CRC) and its clinicopathologic characteristics.ObjectiveTo develop gut bacterial subtypes and explore potential microbial targets for CRC.MethodsStool samples from 914 volunteers (376 CRCs, 363 advanced adenomas, and 175 normal controls) were included for 16S rRNA sequencing. Unsupervised learning was used to generate gut microbial subtypes. Gut bacterial community composition and clustering effects were plotted. Differences of gut bacterial abundance were analyzed. Then, the association of CRC‐associated bacteria with subtypes and the association of gut bacteria with clinical information were assessed. The CatBoost models based on gut differential bacteria were constructed to identify the diseases including CRC and advanced adenoma (AA).ResultsFour gut microbial subtypes (A, B, C, D) were finally obtained via unsupervised learning. The characteristic bacteria of each subtype were Escherichia‐Shigella in subtype A, Streptococcus in subtype B, Blautia in subtype C, and Bacteroides in subtype D. Clinical information (e.g., free fatty acids and total cholesterol) and CRC pathological information (e.g., tumor depth) varied among gut microbial subtypes. Bacilli, Lactobacillales, etc., were positively correlated with subtype B. Positive correlation of Blautia, Lachnospiraceae, etc., with subtype C and negative correlation of Coriobacteriia, Coriobacteriales, etc., with subtype D were found. Finally, the predictive ability of CatBoost models for CRC identification was improved based on gut microbial subtypes.ConclusionGut microbial subtypes provide characteristic gut bacteria and are expected to contribute to the diagnosis of CRC.
Building on and tailoring to: Adapting a cancer caregiver psychoeducational intervention for rural settings
Authors: Kent Erin E. , Tan Kelly R. , Nakamura Zev M. , Kovacs Jesse , Gellin Mindy , Deal Allison , Park Eliza M. , Reblin Maija 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionRural cancer caregivers experience obstacles in accessing services, obtaining respite, and ensuring their care recipients receive quality care. These challenges warrant opportunities to participate in evidence‐based behavioral intervention trials to fill support gaps. Adaptation to rural settings can facilitate appropriate fit, given higher caregiver service needs and unique challenges. We present findings from the adaptation process of a psychoeducational intervention designed to support cancer caregivers in rural settings.MethodsWe adapted Reblin's CARING intervention, designed for neuro‐oncology, to target caregivers of rural cancer patients across cancer sites. First, we conducted formative work to determine the unmet social and supportive care needs rural cancer caregivers faced. We used the Framework for Reporting Adaptations and Modifications to Evidence‐based Implementation Strategies (FRAME‐IS) to guide the modifications. To conduct the adaptation, we elicited feedback through qualitative interviews of seven caregivers and three cancer hospital staff and thematic analysis to inform intervention modifications. Our qualitative study was guided by the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ).ResultsInterviews revealed that service access was a pressing need, along with financial (e.g., treatment costs, employment challenges) and geographic barriers (e.g., distance to treatment, road conditions). We modified content, training, and context using the FRAME‐IS steps. Changes enhanced fit through the following adaptations: changes to social support domains, session content, interventionist training, resource offerings, screening and recruitment processes, and virtual delivery.DiscussionChallenges to establishing successful psychosocial oncology interventions may be improved through participant‐centered approaches and implementation science. Additional systemic challenges, including lack of systematic documentation of caregivers, persist and may especially disadvantage under‐represented and underserved groups, such as rural dwellers. The enCompass intervention is undergoing ongoing single‐arm pilot of rural cancer patient/caregiver dyads targeting caregiver coping self‐efficacy and patient/caregiver distress (Clinical Trials #NCT05828927).
A predictive risk‐scoring model for survival prognosis of multiple myeloma based on gain/amplification of 1q21: Experience in a tertiary hospital in South‐Western China
Authors: Xiong Yanqiu , Liang Shanshan , Tang Wenjiao , Zhang Li , Zheng Yuhuan , Pan Ling , Niu Ting 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundChromosomal 1q gains and amplifications (+1q21) are frequently observed in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). However, the interpretation of the high‐risk (HR) prognostic implications stemming from 1q21 abnormalities remain challenging to implement effectively.MethodsIn a comprehensive analysis of 367 consecutive patients with symptomatic MM, we assessed the prognostic significance of +1q21 using FISH with a threshold of 7.4%. The patient cohort was randomly divided into a training set (66.5%, n = 244) and a validation set (33.5%, n = 133). A multivariate Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify significant prognostic factors associated with PFS. Weight scores were assigned to each risk factor based on the β‐value of the corresponding regression coefficient. A predictive risk‐scoring model involving +1q21 was then developed, utilizing the total score derived from these weight scores. The model's discriminative ability was evaluated using the AUC in both the training and validation sets. Finally, we compared the performance of the +1q21‐involved risk with the established R‐ISS and R2‐ISS models.ResultsUpon initial diagnosis, 159 patients (43.32%) exhibited +1q21, with 94 (59.11%) having three copies, referred to as Gain(1q21), and 65 (40.89%) possessing four or more copies, referred to as Amp (1q21). Both were significantly linked to a reduced PFS in myeloma (p < 0.05), which could be effectively mitigated by ASCT. The +1q21‐involved risk model, with an AUC of 0.697 in the training set and 0.725 in the validation set, was constructed including Gain(1q21), Amp(1q21), no‐ASCT, and TP53 deletion. This model, termed the ultra‐high‐risk (UHR) model, demonstrated superior performance in predicting shorter PFS compared to the R‐ISS stage 3 and R2‐ISS stage 4.ConclusionThe UHR model, which integrates the presence of +1q21 with no‐ASCT and TP53 deletion, is designed to identify the early relapse subgroup among patients with +1q21 in NDMM.
Preservation of cfRNA in cytological supernatants for cfDNA & cfRNA double detection in non‐small cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Ma Yidan , Wang Yifei , He Lei , Du Jun , Li Lin , Bie Zhixin , Li Yuanming , Xu Xiaomao , Zhou Wei , Wu Xiaonan , Yang Li , Di Jing , Li Chenyang , Li Xiaoguang , Liu Dongge , Wang Zheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroudSupernatants from various cytological samples, including body cavity effusion, sputum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and needle aspiration, have been validated for detecting genetic alterations using cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, the sensitivity of fusion variations detection remains challenging. The protection of cell‐free RNA (cfRNA) is critical for resolving the issue.MethodsA protective solution (PS) was applied for preserving cfRNA in cytological supernatant (CS), and the quality of protected cfRNA was assessed by cycle threshold (CT) values from reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). Furthermore, we collected an additional set of malignant cytological and matched tumor samples from 84 NSCLC patients, cfDNA & cfRNA extraction and double detection for driver gene mutations was validated using the multi‐gene mutations detection by RT‐qPCR.ResultsUnder the optimal protection system, 91.0% (101/111) of cfRNA were protected effectively. Among the 84 NSCLC patient samples, seven cytological samples failed the tests. In comparison with tumor samples, the overall sensitivity and specificity of detecting driver genes of supernatant cfDNA and cfRNA were 93.8% (74/77) and 100% (77/77), respectively. Notably, when focusing exclusively on patients with fusion gene changes, both sensitivity and specificity reached 100% (11/11) for EML4‐ALK, ROS1, RET fusions, and MET ex14 skipping.ConclusionThese findings suggest that cfDNA & cfRNA extraction and double detection strategy recommended in this study improve the accuracy of driver genes mutations test, especially for RNA‐based assay.
Recent Progress of Photoswitchable Fluorescent Diarylethenes for Bioimaging
Authors: Qin Kai‐Xuan , Su Yun‐Shu , Zhu Ming‐Qiang , Li Chong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPhotochromic diarylethene has attracted broad research interest in optical applications owing to its excellent fatigue resistance and unique bistability. Photoswitchable fluorescent diarylethene become a powerful molecular tool for fluorescence imaging recently. Herein, the recent progress on photoswitchable fluorescent diarylethenes in bioimaging is reviewed. We summarize the structures and properties of diarylethene fluorescence probes and emphatically introduce their applications in bioimaging as well as super‐resolution imaging. Additionally, we highlight the current challenges in practical applications and provide the prospects of the future development directions of photoswitchable fluorescent diarylethene in the field of bioimaging. This comprehensive review aims to stimulate further research into higher‐performance photoswitchable fluorescent molecules and advance their progress in biological application.
Circumflex distortion following mitral valve repair
Authors: Pilichowski Hugo , Spînu Radu , Gerelli Sébastien , Mangin Lionel , Bonnet Marc 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMitral valve repair or replacement poses a potential risk of injury to the left circumflex coronary artery (LCx). Such injuries can arise from either direct LCx injury caused by encircling or transfixing stitches, or indirect occlusion resulting from the distortion of adjacent tissues. We provide and illustrate a representative image depicting LCx distortion. Additionally, we offer guidance to aid angiographers in comprehending the angiographic appearance and the underlying mechanism of occlusion.
The efficacy and safety of laparoscopic common bile duct exploration with primary duct closure for cholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis
Authors: Teng Da , Xu Yue , Yang Qingsong , Zhang Wenjun 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageCholecystolithiasis combined with choledocholithiasis represents a prevalent disease. At present, regarding the management of the common bile duct (CBD), T‐tube drainage (TTD) and primary duct closure (PDC) emerge as two prominent approaches for biliary tract repair after laparoscopic CBD exploration (LCBDE). Here, retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical records of 157 patients who underwent LCBDE at our hospital between January 2019 and January 2022. All patients were categorized into the PDC group or the TTD group based on the chosen CBD treatment approach. A comparative assessment was made across demographic factors, preoperative conditions, surgical particulars, and postoperative complications. The results showed that PDC is recommended for patients with a limited number of small stones, particularly when the CBD is in the 10–15 mm diameter range.
Resampling as a Robust Measure of Model Complexity in PARAFAC Models
Authors: Fog Froriep Halberg Helene , Bevilacqua Marta , Rinnan Åsmund 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTFluorescence spectroscopy has been applied for analysis of complex samples, such as food and beverages. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) is a well‐known decomposition method for fluorescence excitation–emission matrices (EEMs). When the complexity of the system increases, it becomes considerably more difficult to determine the optimal number of PARAFAC components, especially when the fluorophores of the system are unknown. The two commonly applied diagnostics, core consistency and split‐half analysis, appear to underestimate the model complexity due to covarying components and local minima, respectively. As a more robust alternative, we propose a resampling approach with multiple initializations and submodel comparisons for estimating the optimal number of PARAFAC components in complex data.
Organic Two‐Photon‐Absorbing Photosensitizers Can Overcome Competing Light Absorption in Organic Photocatalysis
Authors: Kumar Kundu Bidyut , Bashar Noorul , Srivastava Prasenjit , Elles Christopher G. , Sun Yujie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConventional organic photocatalysis typically relies on ultraviolet and short‐wavelength visible photons as the energy source. However, this approach often suffers from competing light absorption by reactants, products, intermediates, and co‐catalysts, leading to reduced quantum efficiency and side reactions. To address this issue, we developed novel organic two‐photon‐absorbing (TPA) photosensitizers capable of functioning under deep red and near‐infrared light irradiation. Three model reactions including cyclization, Sonogashira Csp2−Csp cross‐coupling, and Csp2−N cross‐coupling reactions were selected to compare the performance of the new photosensitizers under both blue (427 nm) and deep red (660 nm) light irradiation. The obtained results unambiguously prove that for reactions involving blue light‐absorbing reactants, products, and/or co‐catalysts, deep red light source resulted in better performance than blue light when utilizing our TPA photosensitizers. This work highlights the potential of our metal‐free TPA photosensitizers as a sustainable and effective solution to mitigate the competing light absorption issue in photocatalysis, not only expanding the scope of organic photocatalysts but also reducing reliance on expensive Ru/Ir/Os‐based photosensitizers.
Chirality at Metal in a Linear [Ag(NHC)2]+ Complex: Stereogenic C−Ag−C Axis, Atropisomerism and Role of π‐π Interactions
Authors: Polo Alvaro , Gutiérrez Merino Lara , Rodríguez Ricardo , Sanz Miguel Pablo J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractChirality at the metal center is a well‐established concept, exemplified by numerous four‐ and six‐coordinated complexes. Here, a pioneering example of linear chirality‐at‐metal is described: [Ag(NHC)2]+ (NHC=N‐heterocyclic carbene). In solution, stabilizing π‐π interactions preserve the chiral information of the solid state. Consequently, a novel class of atropisomers is identified, whose stereogenicity arises from hindered rotation around a C−Ag−C axis, instead of a typical C−C bond.
Two‐Step Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Morphans from (R)‐Carvone
Authors: Costanzo Giuliana , Cosentino Giuseppe , Pasquinucci Lorella , Amata Emanuele , Schepmann Dirk , Wünsch Bernhard 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEnantiomerically pure 4‐hydroxymorphan‐7‐ones were prepared in two steps from the natural product (R)‐carvone. At first, the isopropenyl moiety of (R)‐carvone was converted into the epoxide 7. A Domino reaction consisting of epoxide opening with primary amines followed by intramolecular conjugate addition of the resulting secondary amines at the α,β‐unsaturated ketone established the morphan scaffold. This novel morphan synthesis allowed the modification of the bicyclic system at three positions resulting in 26 diverse morphans. Various primary amines led to morphans 8−13 with different N‐substituents. Acylation or water elimination followed by hydrogenation led to esters 15 and 16 or the morphan 18 without a hydroxy moiety. The benzylidenemorphans 25a and 26a were prepared by condensation of the ketones 11a and 12a with benzaldehyde. Finally, the α‐methylene ketone of 11a and 12a was exploited to obtain indolomorphans, quinolinomorphans, pyrimidinomorphans and pyrazolomorphans. Affinity of the novel morphans at opioid receptors MOR, DOR and KOR could not be detected. However, the indolomorphan 19 and the quinolinomorphan 22 showed nanomolar σ1 receptor affinity (Ki=58 nM and 20 nM).
Sociodemographic and geographic factors impacting radiotherapy recommendation, initiation, and completion for patients with cancer
Authors: Hogan Jacob S. , Orav E. John , Vapiwala Neha , Lam Miranda B. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundMore than half of patients with cancer receive radiotherapy, which often requires daily treatments for several weeks. The impact of geographic and sociodemographic factors on the odds of patients with cancer being recommended radiotherapy, starting radiotherapy, and completing radiotherapy is not well understood.MethodsThis was a retrospective patient cohort study that included patients diagnosed with one of the 10 most common solid cancers from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021, in the National Cancer Database. The primary predictor was radial distance from a patient’s home to their cancer treatment hospital. Other covariates included baseline patient characteristics (age, sex, comorbidities, metastatic disease, cancer site), sociodemographic characteristics (race, ethnicity, median income quartile, insurance status), geographic region, and facility type. The three primary outcomes were being recommended radiotherapy, starting recommended radiotherapy, and completing radiotherapy.ResultsOf the 3,068,919 patients included, patients living >50 miles away had lower odds of being recommended radiotherapy than those living <10 miles away. Compared to White patients, Asian and Hispanic patients had lower odds of being recommended radiotherapy, and Black patients had lower odds of starting recommended radiotherapy. Uninsured patients, those with Medicaid or Medicare, and patients in lower median income quartiles had lower odds of starting or completing radiotherapy.ConclusionsGeographic and sociodemographic factors impact access to radiotherapy at different levels in cancer care and understanding these factors could aid policymakers and practices in identifying and supporting at‐risk patients.