bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-invasive serum markers and transient elastography in staging advanced chronic hepatitis C
Authors: Buivydienė Arida , Basytė Viktorija , Valantinas Jonas 
Published: January 2016

Objectives. In the past decade researchers are presenting indirect non-invasive serum markers for liver fibrosis and cirrhosis evaluation. Our aim was to evaluate effectiveness in staging advanced liver disease when using transient elastography and nine non-invasive serum markers: APRI, FIB-4, ASPRI, LSPS, P2/MS, FibroQ, Fibro-α, Pohl, CDR.
Methods. 162 patients with hepatitis C infection were included in this study. Patients were divided in two groups, regarding histopathologic results: advanced liver fibrosis and cirrhosis. The following laboratory measures were obtained in all patients: ALT, AST, albumin, total bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transferase, INR, hemoglobin, platelet count, alfa fetoprotein, segmented neutrophils count and percentage and monocytes percentage. Transient elastography and nine non-invasive serum markers – APRI, FIB-4, ASPRI, LSPS, P2/MS, FibroQ, Fibro-α, Pohl, CDR – were compared with the results of the histopathological examination. A statistical analysis was done using the Student t-test, the Spearman’s rank correlation and the area under receiver-operating characteristic curves (AUROCs).
Results. All nine non-invasive markers correlated significantly with the liver fibrosis stage (P
Ophthalmological follow-up of prematurely born children in preschool age: prospective study of visual acuity, refractive errors and strabismus
Authors: Montvilaitė Donata , Grizickaitė Agnė , Augytė Aistė , Skvarciany Inesa , Barkus Arūnas , Usonis Vytautas 
Published: January 2016

Background. Preterm birth is a very relevant problem. Retinopathy of prematurity in its severe forms causes visual impairment or can lead to blindness. The aim of the present study was to describe the visual outcome in prematurely born and full-term children at the preschool age and to evaluate the effects of prematurity per se, ROP, and treatment on visual acuity and refractive errors.
Materials and methods. A prospective study on the incidence of ROP during 2006–2008 included 103 preterm infants. 81 had ROP and 22 had no history of ROP; 40 were age-matched healthy children. All underwent a complete ophthalmic examination.
Results. Significant myopia (≤ –0.50D) in prematurely born children differed from full-term ones. The ROP treated group had the highest prevalence of myopia (P 2D) was dominant in the premature group (39%) as compared with the control group (0%) (P
Assessment of the efficacy of communication skills training program for oncologists
Authors: Bulotienė Giedrė , Jagelavičiūtė Gabrielė 
Published: January 2016

Background. Effective communication is essential for cancer care therefore a communication skills training program was developed by the Lithuanian Association of Psychosocial Oncology. This study aims to identify the efficacy of the new program designed for Lithuanian specialists.
Materials and methods. Self-report questionnaires for health care professionals were designed. Surveys were based on three topics – stress, confidence level, and personal opinion about the training and ability to apply learned communication skills. 88(67.2%) respondents completed the questionnaire.
Results. Stress: 38.6% of respondents indicated that they usually experience stress while communicating with oncology patients or their relatives; Confidence level: 61.4% of participants agreed that their level of confidence improved after trainings. 83.0% of participants agreed that the establishment of a connection with patients and their relatives improved, but requires further development. The participants’ personal opinion about specific aspects of the communication skills training was evaluated as well. It was found that women are more likely to think that their skill of empathy had developed, but still needed to be improved, while men believed that their empathy had not changed, or stated that it had developed and needed no further improvement (p = 0.003).
Conclusions. The study found improvements in participants’ confidence (61.4%) and specific skills while communicating with oncology patients (75.0–90.9%). Health care professionals evaluated the program as well and very well (86.4–92.1%). The Lithuanian communication skills training program is appropriate to use to enhance the quality of cancer care.
Geochemical and tectonic uplift controls on rock nitrogen inputs across terrestrial ecosystems
Authors: Morford Scott L. , Houlton Benjamin Z. , Dahlgren Randy A. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractRock contains > 99% of Earth's reactive nitrogen (N), but questions remain over the direct importance of rock N weathering inputs to terrestrial biogeochemical cycling. Here we investigate the factors that regulate rock N abundance and develop a new model for quantifying rock N mobilization fluxes across desert to temperate rainforest ecosystems in California, USA. We analyzed the N content of 968 rock samples from 531 locations and compiled 178 cosmogenically derived denudation estimates from across the region to identify landscapes and ecosystems where rocks account for a significant fraction of terrestrial N inputs. Strong coherence between rock N content and geophysical factors, such as protolith, (i.e. parent rock), grain size, and thermal history, are observed. A spatial model that combines rock geochemistry with lithology and topography demonstrates that average rock N reservoirs range from 0.18 to 1.2 kg N m−3 (80 to 534 mg N kg−1) across the nine geomorphic provinces of California and estimates a rock N denudation flux of 20–92 Gg yr−1 across the entire study area (natural atmospheric inputs ~ 140 Gg yr−1). The model highlights regional differences in rock N mobilization and points to the Coast Ranges, Transverse Ranges, and the Klamath Mountains as regions where rock N could contribute meaningfully to ecosystem N cycling. Contrasting these data to global compilations suggests that our findings are broadly applicable beyond California and that the N abundance and variability in rock are well constrained across most of the Earth system.
Mass loading at 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko: A case study
Authors: Behar E. , Nilsson H. , Wieser G. Stenberg , Nemeth Z. , Broiles T. W. , Richter I. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe study the dynamics of the interaction between the solar wind ions and a partially ionized atmosphere around a comet, at a distance of 2.88 AU from the Sun during a period of low nucleus activity. Comparing particle data and magnetic field data for a case study, we highlight the prime role of the solar wind electric field in the cometary ion dynamics. Cometary ion and solar wind proton flow directions evolve in a correlated manner, as expected from the theory of mass loading. We find that the main component of the accelerated cometary ion flow direction is along the antisunward direction and not along the convective electric field direction. This is interpreted as the effect of an antisunward polarization electric field adding up to the solar wind convective electric field.
Solar wind interaction with comet 67P: Impacts of corotating interaction regions
Authors: Edberg N. J. T. , Eriksson A. I. , Odelstad E. , Vigren E. , Andrews D. J. , Johansson F. , Burch J. L. , Carr C. M. , Cupido E. , Glassmeier K.‐H. , Goldstein R. , Halekas J. S. , Henri P. , Koenders C. , Mandt K. , Mokashi P. , Nemeth Z. , Nilsson H. , Ramstad R. , Richter I. , Wieser G. Stenberg 
Published: January 2016

AbstractWe present observations from the Rosetta Plasma Consortium of the effects of stormy solar wind on comet 67P/Churyumov‐Gerasimenko. Four corotating interaction regions (CIRs), where the first event has possibly merged with a coronal mass ejection, are traced from Earth via Mars (using Mars Express and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN mission) to comet 67P from October to December 2014. When the comet is 3.1–2.7 AU from the Sun and the neutral outgassing rate ∼1025–1026 s−1, the CIRs significantly influence the cometary plasma environment at altitudes down to 10–30 km. The ionospheric low‐energy (∼5 eV) plasma density increases significantly in all events, by a factor of >2 in events 1 and 2 but less in events 3 and 4. The spacecraft potential drops below −20 V upon impact when the flux of electrons increases. The increased density is likely caused by compression of the plasma environment, increased particle impact ionization, and possibly charge exchange processes and acceleration of mass‐loaded plasma back to the comet ionosphere. During all events, the fluxes of suprathermal (∼10–100 eV) electrons increase significantly, suggesting that the heating mechanism of these electrons is coupled to the solar wind energy input. At impact the magnetic field strength in the coma increases by a factor of 2–5 as more interplanetary magnetic field piles up around the comet. During two CIR impact events, we observe possible plasma boundaries forming, or moving past Rosetta, as the strong solar wind compresses the cometary plasma environment. We also discuss the possibility of seeing some signatures of the ionospheric response to tail disconnection events.
Experimental evidence of drift compressional waves in the magnetosphere: An Ekaterinburg coherent decameter radar case study
Authors: Chelpanov Maksim A. , Mager Pavel N. , Klimushkin Dmitri Yu. , Berngardt Oleg I. , Mager Olga V. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractA case study of shortwave radar observations of magnetospheric Pc5 ULF waves (wave periods of 150–600 s) that occurred on 26 December 2014 in the nightside magnetosphere during substorm activity is presented. The radar study of waves in the magnetosphere is based on analysis of scattering from field‐aligned irregularities of the ionospheric F layer. Variations of their
drift velocity at F layer heights are associated with the wave electric field. Analysis of the observations from the Ekaterinburg (EKB) radar shows that the frequency f of the observed wave depends on the azimuthal wave number m (positive correlation of about 0.90): an increase in frequency from 2.5 to 5 mHz corresponds to increased m number from 20 to 80. Of the known types of waves in the magnetosphere corresponding to the Pc5 range, only drift compressional waves have such azimuthal dispersion: the frequency of the drift compressional mode is directly proportional to the azimuthal wave number and the gradient‐curvature drift velocity of energetic particles in the magnetic field. This wave has a kinetic nature and represents the most common kind of the compressional modes, demanding for its existence only finite pressure and plasma inhomogeneity across magnetic shells.
Mesospheric temperature estimation from meteor decay times during Geminids meteor shower
Authors: Kozlovsky Alexander , Lukianova Renata , Shalimov Sergey , Lester Mark 
Published: January 2016

AbstractMeteor radar observations at the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory (67° 22′N, 26° 38′E, Finland) indicate that the mesospheric temperature derived from meteor decay times is systematically underestimated by 20–50 K during the Geminids meteor shower which has peak on 13 December. A very good coincidence of the minimum of routinely calculated temperature and maximum of meteor flux (the number of meteors detected per day) was observed regularly on that day in December 2008–2014. These observations are for a specific height‐lifetime distribution of the Geminids meteor trails and indicate a larger percentage of overdense trails compared to that for sporadic meteors. A consequence of this is that the routine estimates of mesospheric temperature during the Geminids are in fact underestimates. The observations do, however, indicate unusual properties (e.g., mass, speed, or chemical composition) of the Geminids meteoroids. Similar properties were found also for Quadrantids in January 2009–2015, which like the Geminids has as a parent body an asteroid, but not for other meteor showers.
Considering the radiative effects of snow on tropical Pacific Ocean radiative heating profiles in contemporary GCMs using A‐Train observations
Authors: Li J.‐L. F. , Lee Wei‐Liang , Waliser Duane , Wang Yi‐Hui , Yu Jia‐Yuh , Jiang Xianan , L'Ecuyer Tristan , Chen Yi‐Chun , Kubar Terry , Fetzer Eric , Mahakur M. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThis study characterizes biases in water vapor, dynamics, shortwave (SW) and longwave (LW) radiative properties in contemporary global climate models (GCMs) against observations over tropical Pacific Ocean. The observations are based on Atmospheric Infrared Sounder for water vapor, CloudSat 2B‐FLXHR‐LIDAR for LW and SW radiative heating profiles, and radiative flux from Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System products. The model radiative heating profiles are adopted from the coupled and uncoupled National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Earth System Model version 1 (CESM1) and joint Year of Tropical Convection (YOTC)/Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO) Task Force‐Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment Atmospheric System Studies (GASS) Multi‐Model Physical Processes Experiment (YOTC‐GASS). The results from the model evaluation for YOTC‐GASS and NCAR CESM1 demonstrate a number of systematic radiative biases. These biases include excessive outgoing LW radiation and excessive SW surface radiative fluxes, in conjunction with a radiatively unstable atmosphere with excessive LW cooling in the upper troposphere over convectively active areas, such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone/South Pacific Convergence Zone (ITCZ/SPCZ) and warm pool. Using sensitivity experiments with the NCAR‐uncoupled/NCAR‐coupled CESM1, we infer that these biases partly result from the interactions between falling snow and radiation that are missing in most contemporary GCMs (e.g., YOTC‐GASS, Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 3 (CMIP)3, and Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project 5 (AMIP5)/CMIP5). A number of biases in the YOTC‐GASS model simulations are consistent with model biases in CMIP3, AMIP5/CMIP5, and NCAR‐uncoupled/NCAR‐coupled model simulation without snow‐radiation interactions. These include excessive upper level convection and low level downward motion with outflow from ITCZ/SPCZ. This generates weaker low‐level trade winds and excessive precipitation in the Central Pacific Trade wind regions. The excessive LW radiative cooling in NCAR‐coupled/NCAR‐uncoupled GCM simulations is reduced by 10–20% with snow‐radiative effects considered.
High‐gamma power changes after cognitive intervention: preliminary results from twenty‐one senior adult subjects
Authors: Akimoto Yoritaka , Nozawa Takayuki , Kanno Akitake , Kambara Toshimune , Ihara Mizuki , Ogawa Takeshi , Goto Takakuni , Taki Yasuyuki , Yokoyama Ryoichi , Kotozaki Yuka , Nouchi Rui , Sekiguchi Atsushi , Takeuchi Hikaru , Miyauchi Carlos Makoto , Sugiura Motoaki , Okumura Eiichi , Sunda Takashi , Shimizu Toshiyuki , Tozuka Eiji , Hirose Satoru , Nanbu Tatsuyoshi , Kawashima Ryuta 
Published: January 2016

AbstractIntroductionBrain‐imaging techniques have begun to be popular in evaluating the effectiveness of cognitive intervention training. Although gamma activities are rarely used as an index of training effects, they have several characteristics that suggest their potential suitability for this purpose. This pilot study examined whether cognitive training in elderly people affected the high‐gamma activity associated with attentional processing and whether high‐gamma power changes were related to changes in behavioral performance.MethodsWe analyzed (MEG) magnetoencephalography data obtained from 35 healthy elderly subjects (60–75 years old) who had participated in our previous intervention study in which the subjects were randomly assigned to one of the three types of intervention groups: Group V trained in a vehicle with a newly developed onboard cognitive training program, Group P trained with a similar program but on a personal computer, and Group C was trained to solve a crossword puzzle as an active control group. High‐gamma (52–100 Hz) activity during a three‐stimulus visual oddball task was measured before and after training. As a result of exclusion in the MEG data analysis stage, the final sample consisted of five subjects in Group V, nine subjects in Group P, and seven subjects in Group C.ResultsResults showed that high‐gamma activities were differently altered between groups after cognitive intervention. In particular, members of Group V, who showed significant improvements in cognitive function after training, exhibited increased high‐gamma power in the left middle frontal gyrus during top‐down anticipatory target processing. High‐gamma power changes in this region were also associated with changes in behavioral performance.ConclusionsOur preliminary results suggest the usefulness of high‐gamma activities as an index of the effectiveness of cognitive training in elderly subjects.
Diabetic foot risk assessment
Authors: Woodbury M. Gail 
Published: January 2016

AbstractDiabetes is a serious chronic disease that results in foot complications for many people world‐wide. In 2014, the World Health Organization estimated the global prevalence of diabetes in adults to be 9%. To ascertain the risk that an individual patient might develop a diabetic foot ulcer that could lead to an amputation, clinicians are strongly encouraged to perform a risk assessment. Monteiro‐Soares and Dinis‐Ribeiro have presented a new DIAbetic FOot Risk Assessment with the acronym DIAFORA. It is different from other risk assessments in that it predicts the risk of developing both diabetic foot ulcers and amputation specifically. The risk variables were derived by regression analysis based on a data set of 293 patients from a high‐risk setting, a Hospital Diabetic Foot Clinic, who had diabetes and a diabetic foot ulcers. Clear descriptions of the risk variables are provided as well as sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for the risk categories. As an added benefit, likelihood ratios are provided that will help clinicians determine the risk of amputation for individual patients. Having a risk assessment form is important for clinician use and examples exist. A question is raised about the effectiveness of risk assessment and how effectiveness might be determined. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The long noncoding RNA colon cancer‐associated transcript‐1/miR‐490 axis regulates gastric cancer cell migration by targeting hnRNPA1
Authors: Zhou Baoguo , Wang Yuli , Jiang Jinpeng , Jiang Hongpeng , Song Jianwei , Han Taotao , Shi Juan , Qiao Haiquan 
Published: January 2016

AbstractColon cancer‐associated transcript‐1 (CCAT1) is a highly conserved long noncoding RNA that is deregulated in several cancers. However, its role in gastric carcinoma and its post‐transcriptional regulation remain poorly understood. In this study, we provide the first evidence that CCAT1 regulates miR‐490 in gastric cancer (GC) cells. Interestingly, miR‐490 can also repress CCAT1 expression. CCAT1 expression was significantly upregulated, and miR‐490 expression was downregulated in GC. The negative correlation between miR‐490 and CCAT1 expression was observed in GC tissues. Importantly, CCAT1 contains a putative miR‐490‐binding site, and deletion of this binding site abolishes their miR‐490 responsiveness. Post‐transcriptional CCAT1 silencing by miR‐490 significantly suppressed GC cell migration. Furthermore, miR‐490 directly bound to the hnRNPA1 mRNA 3′‐UTR to repress its translation. Inhibition of miR‐490 rescued CCAT1 siRNA‐mediated suppression of cell migration. hnRNPA1 expression was significantly upregulated in GC specimens, and there was a negative correlation between miR‐490 and hnRNPA1 expression and also a positive correlation between hnRNAP1 expression level and CCAT1 level. Taken together, we show for the first time that the CCAT1/miR‐490/hnRNPA1 axis promotes GC migration, and it may have a possible diagnostic and therapeutic potential in GC. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(3):201–210, 2016
CacyBP/SIP inhibits Doxourbicin‐induced apoptosis of glioma cells due to activation of ERK1/2
Authors: Tang Yuan , Zhan Wenjian , Cao Tong , Tang Tianjin , Gao Yong , Qiu Zhichao , Fu Chunling , Qian Fengyuan , Yu Rutong , Shi Hengliang 
Published: January 2016

AbstractCalcyclin‐binding protein or Siah‐1‐interacting protein (CacyBP/SIP) was previously reported to promote the proliferation of glioma cells. However, the effect of CacyBP/SIP on apoptosis of glioma is poorly understood. Here, our study shows that CacyBP/SIP plays a role in inhibiting doxorubicin (DOX) induced apoptosis of glioma cells U251 and U87. Overexpression of CacyBP/SIP obviously suppressed the DOX‐induced cell apoptosis. On the contrary, silencing of CacyBP/SIP significantly promoted it. Further investigation indicated that inhibition of apoptosis by CacyBP/SIP was relevant to its nuclear translocation in response to the DOX treatment. Importantly, we found that the level of p‐ERK1/2 in nuclei was related to the nuclear accumulation of CacyBP/SIP. Finally, the role of CacyBP/SIP was confirmed in vivo in a mouse model with the cell line stably silencing CacyBP/SIP. Taken together, our results suggest that CacyBP/SIP plays an important role in inhibiting apoptosis of glioma cells which might be mediated by ERK1/2 signaling pathway, which will provide some guidance for the treatment of glioma. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(3):211–219, 2016
Clinical evaluation of model‐based radiostereometric analysis to measure femoral head penetration and cup migration in four different cup designs
Authors: Shareghi Bita , Johanson Per‐Erik , Kärrholm Johan 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTIn conventional Radiostereometric analysis (RSA) implants with attached tantalum markers are frequently used, which may be difficult to visualize. This problem can be avoided with model‐based RSA (MBRSA), but it is uncertain if this method has the same precision as marker‐based RSA. We evaluated the influence of cup design for the precision of MBRSA in four uncemented cups to study if the design had any influence on the precision. Stereo radiographs were analyzed postoperatively (double‐examinations) and after 2 years (single examinations). The difference between the double‐examinations was used to compute the precision for the methods and for each type of implant. Femoral head penetration and cup translation up to 2 years were compared using marker‐based RSA as reference. The precision of proximal penetration and migration measurements did not differ between the methods for Trilogy, TMT and ABG. For Ringloc design a poorer precision was observed using MBRSA. Comparison between the methods regarding proximal penetration and cup migration at 2 years did not differ for three of the designs (p = 0.12–0.91). However, for the group with porous plasma sprayed surface (Ringloc) a significant difference between the methods was observed (ppenetration <0.01 and pmigration <0.01). Poorer precision, different penetration and migration values at 2 years for one of the designs indicate that the resolution of MBRSA might vary depending on surface coating and implant geometry. Therefore, we conclude that the resolution of MBRSA has to be studied for each type of basic cup design. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:760–767, 2017.