bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using institutional theory to analyse hospital responses to external demands for finance and quality in five European countries
Authors: Burnett Susan , Mendel Peter , Nunes Francisco , Wiig Siri , van den Bovenkamp Hester , Karltun Anette , Robert Glenn , Anderson Janet , Vincent Charles , Fulop Naomi 
Published: December 2015

Objectives Given the impact of the global economic crisis, delivering better health care with limited finance grows more challenging. Through the lens of institutional theory, this paper explores pressures experienced by hospital leaders to improve quality and constrain spending, focusing on how they respond to these often competing demands. Methods An in-depth, multilevel analysis of health care quality policies and practices in five European countries including longitudinal case studies in a purposive sample of ten hospitals. Results How hospitals responded to the financial and quality challenges was dependent upon three factors: the coherence of demands from external institutions; managerial competence to align external demands with an overall quality improvement strategy, and managerial stability. Hospital leaders used diverse strategies and practices to manage conflicting external pressures. Conclusions The development of hospital leaders’ skills in translating external requirements into implementation plans with internal support is a complex, but crucial, task, if quality is to remain a priority during times of austerity. Increasing quality improvement skills within a hospital, developing a culture where quality improvement becomes embedded and linking cost reduction measures to improving care are all required.
Four years of pre-hospital simple thoracostomy performed by a physician-paramedic helicopter emergency medical service team: A description and review of practice
Authors: Chesters Adam , Davies Gareth , Wilson Alastair 
Published: December 2015

Background Essex and Herts Air Ambulance Trust operate doctor-paramedic pre-hospital care teams. Simple thoracostomy is performed if an intubated patient requires pleural decompression. Reports of the use of this technique are uncommon in the literature. This study describes the use of pre-hospital thoracostomy over four years. Pre-hospital complications and effect on oxygen saturations were also noted. Methods A retrospective database review of all missions that occurred between 1 April 2010 and 31 March 2014. All patients undergoing this procedure were included. Results A total of 126 patients were identified. In 110 (87%) of the total number of patients, the procedure was bilateral making the total number of thoracostomies performed 236. The mechanism of injury was blunt trauma in 115 (91%) and penetrating trauma in 11 patients (9%). The primary indication was traumatic cardiac arrest or peri-arrest in 51 patients (40%), high risk of pneumothorax in a ventilated patient in 45 patients (36%), pneumothorax diagnosed prior to delivery of anaesthesia in 17 patients (13%), and unexplained hypoxia in a ventilated patient in 13 patients (10%). The mean pulse oximetry measurement at the time of arrival was 91.8% and 97.2% at the time of handover ( p=0.003). No immediate complications were recorded on the database. Conclusion We have described the regular use of the technique of simple thoracostomy in trauma patients attended by our air ambulance service. It is the largest case series to date of simple thoracostomy being used in the context of pre-hospital chest trauma.
Arg194–Arg399 haplotype of XRCC1 gene is susceptible to lung cancer in the Han population
Authors: Chen Qing-Quan , Dong Feng , Chen Min , Gao Feng , Liu Qi-Cai 
Published: December 2015

Objective: Lung cancer is still one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers all over the world, especially in developing countries. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between two well-characterized non-synonymous polymorphisms (Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln) in X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 ( XRCC1) gene and the risk of lung carcinoma in the Han population. Methods: This study was hospital-based in design and included 159 participants (63 patients with lung carcinoma and 96 cancer-free controls) of Chinese Han descent. Genomic DNA from blood samples was extracted for PCR studies, followed by direct sequencing to determine the variants of the XRCC1 gene. Results: Carriers with Arg194–Arg399 haplotype of XRCC1 gene conferred a 189.3% increased risk compared to the non-carriers (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.195–2.998; P = 0.006). And single-locus analysis (both allele and genotype distributions of polymorphism Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln) identified neither association with cancer risk nor with clinico-pathological parameters of lung carcinoma in the Han population. Conclusions: Arg194–Arg399 haplotype of XRCC1 gene might increase lung cancer susceptibility and serve as a risk factor for lung cancer in the Han population.
Inter- and intra-tester reliability of sensibility testing in digital nerve repair
Authors: Bulut T. , Akgun U. , Ozcan C. , Unver B. , Sener M. 
Published: December 2015

The aim of this study was to investigate the inter- and intra-tester reliability of the static two-point discrimination and Semmes–Weinstein monofilament tests in digital nerve repair. A total of 100 digital nerves from 67 patients were included into the study. An experienced orthopaedic surgeon and a physiotherapist examined the sensory nerve recovery. The reproducibility score of both tests was at a poor level, but the reliability of the Semmes–Weinstein monofilament test was higher than the static two-point discrimination test. These tests should not be used alone in the quantitative monitoring of sensory recovery, but should be interpreted with the clinical findings. Level 3 non-randomized controlled study.
Asian National Adolescent Gambling Surveys: Methodological Issues, Protocols and Advice
Authors: Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper provides practical information for researchers in Asia as an aid to develop the methodology for national studies of adolescent gambling and gaming behavior. The paper covers various areas including: (i) optimal study parameters; (ii) age of sample; (iii) time-frame; (iv) number of participants; (v) sampling approach; (vi) questionnaire topics; (vii) paper-based questionnaires versus online questionnaires; (viii) risks and challenges; (ix) practical advice on carrying out a national adolescent gambling survey; (x) obtaining schools’ agreement to participate; (xi) setting up the self-completion sessions; (xii) conducting the self-completion sessions; and (xiii) incentives. It is hoped that the somewhat prescriptive advice will aid the gathering of good quality data from adolescent Asian gamblers and help research teams develop robust and strategic research protocols during all stages of the research process.
Vietnamese Australian Gamblers’ Views on Luck and Winning: Universal Versus Culture-specific Schemas
Authors: Ohtsuka Keis , Ohtsuka Thai 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This article examines Vietnamese Australian gamblers’ views on luck and winning to explore their subjective perspectives. Illusion of control beliefs have been identified as a predictor of gambling frequency and a risk factor for problem gambling. Culture-specific beliefs regarding luck and winning may further strengthen universal illusion of control beliefs. Twenty-one Vietnamese-Australian gamblers were interviewed with regard to their subjective views of luck and winning at gambling. It was hypothesized that regular gamblers would hold substantial illusion of control beliefs, that culture-specific schemas would be present in their beliefs about gambling outcomes, and that universal schemas commonly found in gamblers from other cultural backgrounds would also be present. The results indicated that Vietnamese Australian gamblers held both universal illusion of control beliefs and some culture-specific beliefs. The implications of culture-specific schemas in reinforcing illusion of control beliefs are discussed.
Stress, Health and Coping Resources of Chinese Pathological Gamblers’ Spouses
Authors: Leung Kai Chung , Wong Irene Lai Kuen , Lau Kam Mei , Yeung Sau Ching 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Excessive gambling negatively impacts the lives of gamblers’ spouses. This study investigated stressful life events, perceived stress, coping resources and health risks of 10 spouses recruited from two treatment facilities. In semi-structured interviews, the Social Readjustment Rating Scale identified life events encountered in the past year. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire assessed psychiatric impairment of the participants who also answered questions on physical symptoms and emotional problems. Open-ended questions gathered information on coping resources. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed for thematic analysis. Replicating previous research results, the spouses disclosed marital, social, financial and vocational stresses related to gamblers’ disordered gambling. The majority utilized both formal and informal help, internal and external coping resources to deal with the adverse circumstances. Many reported significant symptoms of physical, emotional and mental health problems. Perceived stress, but not the number of negative life events, correlated significantly with physical and psychiatric symptoms. Only positive beliefs as a type of coping resources were inversely correlated with pathology. The study findings have implications for interventions and future research.
Gambling in Asian Communities in Great Britain
Authors: Forrest David , Wardle Heather 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
This paper examines the prevalence of gambling and problem gambling among people of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi cultural backgrounds living in Great Britain. Information was gathered from the last two versions of a large-scale national adult prevalence survey and a similar survey of children aged 11 to 15 years, all conducted since 2007. Together, the surveys yielded sub-samples of 589 Asian adults and 482 Asian children from a combined total of more than 16,000 adults and nearly 9,000 children. In both adult and child Asian populations, the 7-day participation rate in gambling (22% and 13%, respectively) was found to be low relative to that in the white majority community, yet problem gambling prevalence, measured by the adult Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition screen (1.4%) and its juvenile equivalent (2.9%), was significantly higher, including among women. It therefore follows that those Asians who do gamble are unusually prone to experiencing problems, which has implications for public health policies such as the provision of information and help in minority languages. The relevance of the findings seems likely to extend to other countries with significantly sized Asian communities.
Responsible Gambling Policies and Practices in Macao: A Critical Review
Authors: Huang Gui-Hai 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Gambling has been a legalized industry in Macao since 1847 and it is now the largest casino city in the world in terms of gross gaming revenue. However, no governmental efforts to control gambling-related harms were made until the Resilience Centre was set up in 2005. Based on a literature review and data gathered from field studies, this paper documents what has been undertaken by government, casino operators, gambling treatment and social service professionals, gambling researchers and academia to promote responsible gambling. Macao’s efforts to promote responsible gambling include public awareness for different communities, free treatment services for residents, as well as tourists who seek help, and also research. Although responsible gambling practices are new to Macao, and sound governance on responsible gambling policies has yet to be developed, the Macao government has announced its intention to enforce responsible gambling as an integral part of gaming policies. It is hoped that Macao will further improve responsible gambling practices under the leadership of local government.
Gambling Addiction in Asia: Need for a Medical Perspective?
Authors: Chim David 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
With the rise of legalized gambling in Macau, Singapore, and other Asian countries, pathological gambling should be more thoroughly discussed by clinical and research professionals in the Asia-Pacific region. Holistic strategies for proper diagnosis, treatment referrals and prevention need to be planned in anticipation of further pro-gambling legislation. Evidence for gambling addiction as a medical condition has been gathered in the West, and studying this social issue via a medical perspective in the East may be useful in the future. Counselors and other professionals working at the frontlines may consider incorporating the medical perspective into their evaluations of pathological gamblers, and collaborating with physicians to provide medical management when appropriate. Such a biopsychosocial approach to pathological gambling may be fruitful in terms of better treatment availability, more holistic care, and decreased stigma for pathological gamblers. Training opportunities for counselors and other professionals should be increased in the Asia-Pacific region for better understanding of gambling addiction as a bio-psychosocial disease.
PI3K regulates endocytosis after insulin secretion by mediating signaling crosstalk between Arf6 and Rab27a
Authors: Yamaoka Mami , Ando Tomomi , Terabayashi Takeshi , Okamoto Mitsuhiro , Takei Masahiro , Nishioka Tomoki , Kaibuchi Kozo , Matsunaga Kohichi , Ishizaki Ray , Izumi Tetsuro , Niki Ichiro , Ishizaki Toshimasa , Kimura Toshihide 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT
In secretory cells, endocytosis is coupled to exocytosis to enable proper secretion. Although endocytosis is crucial to maintain cellular homeostasis before and after secretion, knowledge about secretagogue-induced endocytosis in secretory cells is still limited. Here, we searched for proteins that interacted with the Rab27a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) EPI64 (also known as TBC1D10A) and identified the Arf6 guanine-nucleotide-exchange factor (GEF) ARNO (also known as CYTH2) in pancreatic β-cells. We found that the insulin secretagogue glucose promotes phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PIP3) generation through phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), thereby recruiting ARNO to the intracellular side of the plasma membrane. Peripheral ARNO promotes clathrin assembly through its GEF activity for Arf6 and regulates the early stage of endocytosis. We also found that peripheral ARNO recruits EPI64 to the same area and that the interaction requires glucose-induced endocytosis in pancreatic β-cells. Given that GTP- and GDP-bound Rab27a regulate exocytosis and the late stage of endocytosis, our results indicate that the glucose-induced activation of PI3K plays a pivotal role in exocytosis–endocytosis coupling, and that ARNO and EPI64 regulate endocytosis at distinct stages.
Metabolite profiling of symbiont and host during thermal stress and bleaching in a model cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis
Authors: Hillyer Katie E. , Tumanov Sergey , Villas-Bôas Silas , Davy Simon K. 
Published: December 2015

Bleaching (dinoflagellate symbiont loss) is one of the greatest threats facing coral reefs. The functional cnidarian-dinoflagellate symbiosis, which forms coral reefs, is based on the bi-directional exchange of nutrients. During thermal stress this exchange breaks down, however major gaps remain in our understanding of the roles of free metabolite pools in symbiosis and homeostasis. In this study we applied gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to explore thermally induced changes in intracellular pools of amino and non-amino organic acids in each partner of the model sea anemone Aiptasia sp. and its dinoflagellate symbiont.
Elevated temperatures (32°C for 6 d) resulted in symbiont photoinhibition and bleaching. Thermal stress induced distinct changes in the metabolite profiles of both partners, associated with alterations to central metabolism, oxidative state, cell structure, biosynthesis and signalling. Principally, we detected elevated pools of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the symbiont, indicative of modifications to lipogenesis/lysis, membrane structure and nitrogen assimilation. In contrast, reductions of multiple PUFAs were detected in host pools, indicative of increased metabolism, peroxidation and/or reduced translocation of these groups. Accumulations of glycolysis intermediates were also observed in both partners, associated with photoinhibition and downstream reductions in carbohydrate metabolism. Correspondingly, we detected accumulations of amino acids and intermediate groups in both partners, with roles in gluconeogenesis and acclimation responses to oxidative stress.
These data further our understanding of cellular responses to thermal stress in the symbiosis and generates hypotheses relating to the secondary roles of a number of compounds in homeostasis and heat stress resistance.
Changes to psychosocial functioning as demonstrated by the patients diagnosed with schizophrenia covered by the psychiatric rehabilitation system
Authors: Pawłowska Beata , Fijałkowska-Kiecka Paula , Potembska Emilia , Domański Marek , Lewczuk Edward 
Published: December 2015

CelCelem badań było porównanie cech obrazu siebie, sposobów radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz nasilenia niepokoju u pacjentów z rozpoznaniem schizofrenii przed rozpoczęciem i po zakończeniu programu rehabilitacyjnego.MetodaGrupę badaną stanowiło 32 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem lekarskim schizofrenii, według kryteriów ICD-10. Średni wiek badanych pacjentów wynosił 35 lat, średni czas trwania choroby – 12 lat. Pacjenci przebadani zostali dwukrotnie (przy przyjęciu do oddziału rehabilitacji psychiatrycznej i przy wypisie) następującymi testami psychologicznymi: Testem Przymiotnikowym ACL, Kwestionariuszem Radzenia Sobie ze Stresem oraz Arkuszem Samopoznania Cattella. Dane socjodemograficzne pacjentów określono na podstawie Ankiety socjodemograficznej własnej konstrukcji.WynikiStwierdzono istotne statystycznie różnice w zakresie cech obrazu siebie, sposobów radzenia sobie ze stresem oraz nasilenia niepokoju u pacjentów przed rozpoczęciem rehabilitacji psychiatrycznej oraz po jej zakończeniu.Wnioski1. Badana grupa pacjentów po zakończeniu programu rehabilitacyjnego ma niższy poziom lęku i niepokoju, bardziej pozytywny obraz siebie, wyższą samoocenę, lepiej radzi sobie ze stresem i zadaniami oraz chętniej nawiązuje bliskie więzi międzyludzkie niż przed rozpoczęciem rehabilitacji psychiatrycznej. 2. Badani pacjenci po zakończeniu rehabilitacji psychiatrycznej rzadziej w sytuacji stresu izolują się, koncentrują na doświadczanym cierpieniu oraz reagują poczuciem bezradności i beznadziejności.
The Polish version of the Peters et al. Delusions Inventory: factor analysis, reliability and the prevalence of delusion-like experiences in the Polish population
Authors: Prochwicz Katarzyna , Gawęda Łukasz 
Published: December 2015

CelCelem badania było określenie właściwości psychometrycznych polskiej wersji Skali Urojeń Peters i wsp. (1999) oraz ocena częstości występowania poszczególnych doświadczeń podobnych do urojeń wśród osób zdrowych psychicznie w populacji polskiej.MetodaPolską wersję językową skali PDI przygotowano stosując procedurę tłumaczenia zwrotnego. Następnie przebadano 421 zdrowych osób dorosłych. Przeprowadzono analizę czynnikową, analizę rzetelności skali PDI oraz obliczono częstość występowania poszczególnych doświadczeń podobnych do urojeń w populacji polskiej.WynikiPolską wersję skali PDI charakteryzuje wysoka rzetelność (alfa Cronbacha od 0,84 do 0,87). Kryterium graficzne Cattella (wykres osypiska) wskazuje na jednoczynnikową strukturę skali. Osoby badane potwierdziły występowanie średnio12,50 (SD = 6,9) spośród 40 różnych doświadczeń mierzonych skalą PDI. Najczęściej występowało przekonanie o tym, że ludzie mówią rzeczy o podwójnym znaczeniu (79,8% badanych). Najrzadziej (2,37% przypadków) badani potwierdzali obecność doświadczeń o treści zbliżonej do objawów o znaczeniu klinicznym.WnioskiPolska wersja skali PDI charakteryzuje się dobrymi właściwościami psychometrycznymi i może być używana do pomiaru doświadczeń podobnych do urojeń w grupie osób zdrowych psychicznie. Rozpowszechnienie przekonań podobnych do urojeń w populacji polskiej waha się od 2 do 80% w zależności od treści.
Perverse fragments: Citing Cavafy in crisis-stricken Athens
Authors: Plantzos Dimitris 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
A publicity campaign run in Athens by the Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation in October 2013 in order to advertise its acquisition of the Cavafy Archive, until then lying in relevant obscurity, turned into a media disaster when critics and members of the public protested against what they argued was a misquoting of the highly revered Alexandrian. In this article, I am looking at this rather entertaining story of misunderstood intentions in order to suggest that even though Cavafy himself may be shown to have enjoyed history as fragmented experience, and despite the fact that the modern archive is one of often-conflicting partialities rather than one of completeness, we, as consumers of Cavafy’s oeuvre, tend to sustain his long-established position as a paragon of Greek culture, canonized through his own nonconformity. As a typical case of ‘archive fever’, the events described here confirm the political specificity of any literary discourse, even when conducted out of context (or especially so).
Closing the window on Cavafy: Foregrounding the background in the photographic portraits
Authors: Kourelis Kostis 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Two portraits commissioned by C. P. Cavafy a few years before his death have become the dominant images of the poet’s posthumous legacy. An Asian tapestry framing the poet’s head is critical in understanding Cavafy’s self-representation and artistic sensibilities. The tapestry connects Cavafy with the British Aesthetic movement of the 1870s that he witnessed through the social circle of painter James McNeill Whistler and his Greek patrons. The article also argues that the erotic sensibilities of the tapestry were intentionally suppressed in the dissemination of the artist’s image by Greek modernism of the 1930s. The photographic background affirms the complex associations between domestic space, photography and closeted iconographies in the life of a poet who did not leave behind a rich body of writing on the visual arts. Foregrounding this photographic background opens up a new dimension to the artistic universe of Cavafy and his impact in the visual history of portraiture.
Cavafy reanimated: Intermedial transformations in comics and animation
Authors: Diamantopoulou Lilia , Stoikou Zyranna 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
Due to his prominence and recognizability, Cavafy’s reception has expanded in recent years to include diverse types of media. This article focuses on the intermedial transformations/translations of Cavafy’s work into comics, animations and film. It begins with a theoretical overview of current terms, such as intermedial transformation and adaptation, and goes on to examine general aspects of the transition from one medium to another. It subsequently analyses the ways in which the specific characteristics and devices of the source medium are transformed in the target medium. Special attention is directed on Cavafy’s prose piece ‘Eis to fos tis imeras’/’In Broad Daylight’ (1895–96), as well as the poems ‘Ithaki’/’Ithaca’ (1911) and ‘Teichi’/’The Walls’ (1897). The article questions traditional views that distinguish between commercial visual transformations/translations and artistic ones or between ‘faithful’ and ‘unfaithful’ adaptations, pointing out that the most accomplished intermedial translations of Cavafy are often those which stray from the original context of Cavafy’s poetry.