bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Anchor Foundation: A Tax Case Study In The Use Of Foundations By Adversarial Groups
Authors: Eagan J. Vincent 
Published: October 2016

This case study reviews the Anchor Foundation, a private 501(c)(3) foundation associated with the Socialist Workers Party (SWP), a small radical organization. Anchor Foundation made a major sale of real estate that was donated to the Foundation. The case raises issues under the tax rules covering private foundations of "disqualified persons," fiduciary duty of care, excessive compensation, disclosure of contributors, political expenditures, and disclosures in the Form 990s.
The Effect Of Non-Audit Services On Independent Auditor Judgment
Authors: Kizirian Tim , Sargsyan Ruben 
Published: October 2016

This study examines the effects of non-audit services on auditors’ risk and materiality judgments. The results revealed a significantly negative association between non-audit services and auditors’ risk judgments, but only for services involving financial information system design and implementation. The auditors did not change their risk judgments for non-audit services with less audit relevance. Non-audit services had an insignificant effect on auditors’ materiality judgments. We conclude that non-audit services did not cause an inappropriate bias in auditor judgment.
Prevalence and Risk Factors for Iron Deficiency Anemia and Iron Depletion During Pregnancy: A Prospective Study
Authors: Gomes da Costa Ana , Vargas Sara , Clode Nuno , M. Graça Luís 
Published: October 2016

Introduction: Anemia and iron deficiency during pregnancy are a worldwide concern and are more frequent among women of reproductive age, pregnant women, and young children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia and the risk factors for iron depletion during the first half of pregnancy, in a Portuguese population.Material and Methods: A prospective study was conducted at a tertiary hospital and included pregnant women, until the 20th week of gestation. Data was collected regarding demographic and pregnancy features and hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations were determined. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify potential risk factors for iron deficiency.Results: Two hundred and one women were included, from which five (2.49%) presented anemia. Additionally, 77 (38.3%) exhibited iron deficiency and 22 (10.9%) revealed severe iron depletion. Maternal age was the only risk factor identified. The odds ratio (OR) was equal to 12.99 (95% CI 2.41 - 70.0) for women under twenty years of age and 2.09 (95% CI 1.05 - 4.14) for women older than thirty years of age.Discussion and Conclusion: The prevalence of maternal anemia in the first half of pregnancy was lower than in other studies. However, more than one-third of the women exhibited iron deficiency. With the exception of maternal age, no other risk factors were identified.
Schwanoma do Membro Superior: Análise Retrospectiva de 17 Casos
Authors: Sá Ângelo , Azevedo Leandro Nobre , Cunha Luísa 
Published: October 2016

Introdução: O schwanoma ou neurilemoma é um tumor benigno dos nervos periféricos e apresenta-se habitualmente como uma lesão única de crescimento indolente, com origem na proliferação das células de Schwann. Representa uma pequena percentagem dos tumores benignos do membro superior, contudo é o mais frequente de origem neural. Apresentamos um estudo retrospectivo de schwanomas do membro superior para estabelecer a abordagem pré-operatória adequada, avaliar a eficácia do tratamento e observar a evolução pós-operatória.Material e Métodos: Revisão de 17 doentes tratados desde 2007 a 2014 com schwanoma do membro superior e caracterização quanto à idade, sexo, localização no membro superior, sinais e sintomas, exames pré-operatórios, diagnóstico histológico e vigilância pós-operatória.Resultados: Observou-se que em quatro dos doentes, o schwanoma se localizava no braço, três no antebraço, quatro no punho e seis na mão ou dedos. Procedeu-se a excisão com ampliação óptica para optimização do resultado funcional final. A enucleação foi realizada sem lesão fascicular em 12 doentes. Por sua vez, em cinco doentes efectuou-se a excisão dos fascículos envolvidos pela massa. No pós-operatório imediato as parestesias surgiram em nove doentes, regredindo em cinco daqueles no período pósoperatório de 12 meses. Um doente evidenciou défice motor do nervo radial, com recuperação parcial aos 12 meses.Discussão: Os schwanomas são tumores raros, de morfologia bem delimitada, que atingem esporadicamente o membro superior. O diagnóstico pré operatório é pouco frequente, pelo que normalmente apenas se estabelece o diagnóstico após a excisão e o estudo histopatológico.Conclusão: Os schwanomas deverão ser equacionados nas hipóteses de diagnóstico dos nódulos subcutâneos associados a sintomas neurológicos. Assim, é importante investigar a presença de parestesias e o sinal de Tinel, característicos desta lesão. A imagiologiatem um contributo fruste no diagnóstico. Para melhorar o resultado final, o estudo pré-operatório deverá ser criterioso, sendo aconselhável ponderar o benefício da cirurgia face à potencial lesão iatrogénica do nervo.
Diálise Peritoneal nos Dois Primeiros Anos de Vida: Experiência de uma Unidade de Nefrologia e Transplantação Renal Pediátrica
Authors: Deuchande Sofia , Mano Tânia , Novais Cristina , Machado Rute , Stone Rosário , Almeida Margarida 
Published: October 2016

Introdução: A diálise peritoneal é o método dialítico de eleição perante doença renal crónica terminal em idade pediátrica. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a sobrevivência a longo prazo de uma população de crianças, que iniciou diálise peritoneal nos dois primeiros anos de vida.Material e Métodos: Estudo descritivo e retrospetivo, realizado numa unidade de nefrologia e transplantação renal pediátrica portuguesa, no período de janeiro de 1991 a agosto de 2014. Avaliou-se etiologia da doença renal crónica terminal, mortalidade, comorbilidades e complicações da diálise peritoneal e da doença renal crónica terminal, crescimento e desenvolvimento psicomotor.Resultados: Vinte crianças iniciaram diálise peritoneal antes dos dois anos. Ocorreram seis óbitos; não houve mortalidade em crianças com doença renal primária nos últimos 10 anos. Caracterizaram-se os 14 sobreviventes, 13 do sexo masculino. As anomalias congénitas do rim e do trato urinário constituíram a principal causa de doença renal crónica terminal (45%).O início de diálise peritoneal ocorreu em média aos 6,1 meses, em seis casos antes dos 30 dias de vida. A peritonite foi o motivo mais frequente de internamento. Dez crianças foram transplantadas, com idade média de 5,3 anos. Em relação ao crescimento, as quatro crianças que se mantêm em diálise peritoneal têm baixa estatura, mas nove dos transplantados têm uma estatura final dentro do esperado para a sua estatura-alvo familiar. Nove (64%) tiveram alterações no desenvolvimento psicomotor.Discussão: A diálise peritoneal é uma técnica possível e exequível desde o nascimento, tal como evidenciado nesta amostra, em que se iniciou com sucesso em mais de metade das crianças antes dos seis meses de vida. Permite uma sobrevivência a longo prazo até à possibilidade do transplante renal apesar da morbilidade associada, nomeadamente as peritonites e as complicações da doença renal crónica. As dez crianças transplantadas desta amostra melhoraram o seu crescimento, recuperaram da anemia crónica e melhoraram da dislipidémia, comparativamente com o período em diálise. No entanto, o tempo médio de espera até ao TR de 5,3 anos foi superior ao de outros centros internacionais.Conclusão: Estes dados apoiam a utilização da diálise peritoneal desde o nascimento, embora as complicações e o pior crescimento associados reflitam a necessidade de desenvolver estratégias para otimizar nutrição, crescimento e desenvolvimento e reduzir o tempo pré-transplante renal.
Acute Pancreatitis and Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pereira Vítor Magno , Correia Luís Marote , Rodrigues Tiago , Faria Gorete Serrão 
Published: October 2016

The posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome is a neurological syndrome characterized by headache, confusion, visual disturbances and seizures associated with identifiable areas of cerebral edema on imaging studies. The authors report the case of a man, 33 years-old, leukodermic with a history of chronic alcohol and tobacco consumption, who is admitted to the emergency department for epigastric pain radiating to the back and vomiting with about six hours of evolution and an intense holocranial headache for two hours. His physical examination was remarkable for a blood pressure of 190/100 mmHg and tenderness in epigastrium. His analytical results revealed emphasis on amylase 193 U/L and lipase 934 U/L. During the observation in the emergency department,he presented a generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Abdominal ultrasonography was performed and suggestive of pancreatitis withoutgallstones signals. Head computed tomography showed subarachnoid haemorrhage and a small right frontal cortical haemorrhage. The brain magnetic resonance imaging done one week after admission showed areas of a bilateral and symmetrical T2 / FLAIR hyperintensities in the subcortical white matter of the parietal and superior frontal regions, suggesting a diagnosis of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome. Abdominal computed tomography (10 days after admission) demonstrated a thickened pancreas in connection with inflammation and two small hypodense foci in the anterior part of the pancreas body, translating small foci of necrosis. The investigation of a thrombophilic defect revealed a heterozygous G20210A prothrombin gene mutation. The patient was discharged without neurological sequelae and asymptomatic. The follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the reversal of the lesions, confirming the diagnosis.
Fiabilidade da Escala de Conhecimento da Diabetes em Portugal
Authors: Azevedo Constança , Santiago Luiz 
Published: October 2016

Introdução: Dada a crescente incidência da diabetes tipo 2 e considerando que parte do seu controlo se deve à atitude do pacienteface à doença, torna-se importante munir os profissionais de saúde com ferramentas capazes de determinar as carências educacionais dos utentes, permitindo uma intervenção mais personalizada na correção de hábitos nocivos.Objetivos: Verificação da fiabilidade da Escala de Conhecimentos da Diabetes em Portugal. Análise e correlação das diferentes variáveis sociodemográficas e patológicas com o número de respostas corretas.Material e Métodos: Aplicação da escala a uma amostra de conveniência de diabéticos tipo 2 do Centro de Saúde da Covilhã.Resultados: Na generalidade, as questões obtiveram um valor de alfa de Cronbach > 0,800. Diabéticos com melhores resultados demonstraram maior controlo, estabelecendo uma relação positiva entre o conhecimento e o controlo da diabetes. Apenas 9,2% dos diabéticos apresentou bom conhecimento sobre a doença, sendo que a maioria (65,8%) demonstrou um conhecimento mediano. Os insulinotratados exibiram os piores resultados (77,6% com baixo conhecimento). As variáveis ‘via de tratamento’ e ‘complicações’ demonstraram ter impacto no desempenho obtido no questionário (valores p iguais a 0,00 e 0,048, respetivamente). Os diabéticos rurais, os sem complicações e os não insulinotratados revelaram-se os mais cumpridores e conhecedores.Discussão: Contrariando estudos anteriores, variáveis como a idade e o grau de escolaridade não demonstraram influenciar o conhecimentodo diabético. Habitantes do meio rural e diabéticos tratados oralmente obtiveram melhores resultados do que o que havia sido defendido previamente.Conclusão: Demonstrou-se a fidelidade psicométrica moderada a elevada do teste, assim como uma correlação positiva entre o controloda diabetes e o desempenho no inquérito. Espera-se que a sua futura aplicação possibilite identificar as razões do descontrolo dos diabéticos, permitindo uma atuação mais individualizada pelos profissionais de saúde.
Abordagem e Tratamento da Hiperglicemia Induzida por Glicocorticóides
Authors: Paredes Sílvia , Alves Marta 
Published: October 2016

Introdução: Os glicocorticóides associam-se a vários efeitos adversos, entre os quais se destaca uma importante ação diabetogénica. A hiperglicemia induzida pelos glicocorticóides trata-se de uma condição com elevada prevalência e que condiciona importante morbimortalidade.Material e Métodos: Realizou-se uma revisão da literatura relativa à abordagem e tratamento da hiperglicemia induzida pelos glicocorticóidesResultados: Embora não totalmente esclarecidos, sabe-se que vários mecanismos concorrem de forma sinérgica, propiciando o aparecimentoda hiperglicemia em doentes não diabéticos e o agravamento do controlo glicémico em diabéticos. A hiperglicemia induzida por glicocorticóides apresenta padrões característicos, mais marcada no momento pós-prandial e muito dependente do horário da toma do glicocorticóide. Apesar da existência de normas de orientação gerais para o tratamento da hiperglicemia em doentes em ambulatório e em doentes hospitalizados não críticos, o mesmo não acontece no que diz respeito ao tratamento da hiperglicemia induzida por glicocorticóides. E, de facto, frequentemente é difícil e exigente a abordagem deste tipo de hiperglicemia, sendo necessária uma atuação específica. Esta abordagem depende não só do glicocorticóide em causa, como também da sua dose, frequência e horário de administração. De igual forma, a escolha do esquema de tratamento também depende do tipo de terapêutica previamente usado.Discussão e Conclusão: Os autores fizeram uma revisão do tema, congregando e definindo linhas orientadoras para o tratamento dahiperglicemia induzida por glicocorticóides, em doentes diabéticos e não diabéticos, em regime de ambulatório ou internamento, queserão úteis em diferentes contextos e transversalmente às diversas especialidades.
Twilight: The Graphic Novel by Y. Kim & S. Meyer
Authors: BCR Ashlynn 
Published: October 2016

Kim, Young, and Stephenie Meyer. Twilight: The Graphic Novel. New York: Yen Press, 2011. PrintI read the book Twilight the graphic novel volume 2 by Stephenie Meyer and published by Yen Press. It was written in the year 2005, the year I was born. It even has a movie about it!! The movie is really good you should watch it.The story was about this girl named Bella she moved to this town with her dad called Forks. Started school there and in her class there was a boy named Edward they became friends and she found out he was a vampire same with his whole family. And Bella and Edward fell in love with each other.My favorite part of the book was when Bella met Edwards family and when she met Edwards sister Alice. Bella found out Alice can see what is going to happen in the future with her mind. I thought that was really cool.But I didn’t like how the book wasn't the same as the movie because the movie has more details and more action. But people are different so you might like the book more than the movie but other than that the book is really good. Out of 1-5, I rate it a 4.And if you do read the book and if you want to read more here is the author’s website... www.stepheniemeyer.com Highly Recommended: 4 out of 5 starsReviewer: AshlynnMy name is Ashlynn. I love to read nonfiction and fiction chapter books. My favorite place to read is outside or inside in my bedroom. I think reading is important because you can learn stuff you didn't know before and it helps you in school and you can get smarter by reading if you keep practicing.
Sunny Side Up by J.L. & M Holm, & L. Pien
Authors: BCR Lanita 
Published: October 2016

Holm, Jennifer L, Matthew Holm, and Lark Pien. Sunny Side Up. New York, NY: Graphix- Scholastic, 2015. Print.The name of the book is Sunny side up. The authors are Jennifer and Matthew Holm and it was published in 2015 by Scholastic Inc. Sunny got sent off to Florida to live with her grandfather for the summer. Everyday her grandfather said that he had something fun but it was always so boring. In the place where Sunny's grandfather lived there was only old people but there was another kid with their dad to visit his name was Buzz.Things I liked/don't like I liked when Sunny went into the pond and Buzz yelled ''BIG AL'' it was so funny. Big Al is an alligator he's big and dark green he lives in the golf pond. I didn’t like how Sunny's grandfather lied to her about smoking. She found out that he smoked because she found a cigarette packs everywhere in the car, bathroom and the cereal.My rating for the book is 5/5 I would recommend this book to age 10-15 because it’s kind of hard for kids age 7-9 or lower it has words that they won’t understand but for older kids they will understand. Highly Recommended: 5 out of 5 starsReviewer: LanitaMy name is Lanita. My favorite place to read is in my grandma’s room with the fan on. My favorite book is Sunny side up its so fun to read. I would recommend this book to my grandma because she loves reading books and she will probably like this book. Reading is important because it could show you words you never seen before it could level up your education.
In My Enemy’s House by C. Matas
Authors: BCR Jadis 
Published: October 2016

Matas, Carol. In My Enemy’s House. Toronto: Scholastic Canada, 2013. Print. The book is about a Jewish Polish girl named Marisa who is trying to survive in World War 2 while over the years losing family members. First her papa then her sisters over time her little brother and mama eventually she travels to Weimar a town in Germany while the only family member she has left is sent off to be a slave she spends a few years in Germany, one year being a Polish slave and being abused and yelled at by her owner until eventually she goes back to Weimar and asks if she can go to a different family. She moves in with a family the father named Herr Reymann and the wife named Frau Reymann with three children named Charlotte, Hans and Monte. She spends a few years there everyone soon treating her like family after a while she moves back to her hometown in hopes of finding any family left. What I liked about the book: very interesting story thrilling suspenseful and overall fantastic. What I didn't like about the book: nothing really except at times it can be kinda violent. I rate the book as a 4.Recommended: 4 out of 5 stars Reviewer: JadisMy name is Jadis. I like horror, fiction, non-fiction I don’t mind they’re all awesome!! Especially Goosebumps. Fantastic stories the thrill is amazing the chills are exciting. I love to read because it gives you a chance to escape into another world. Amazing stories, hilarious adventures all super inspiring.
Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Last Straw by J. Kinney
Authors: BCR Ethan 
Published: October 2016

Kinney, Jeff. Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Last Straw. New York: Penguin. 2009. Print. I like the Diary of a Wimpy Kid series. I also like to read novels, comics, and other kinds of books. I enjoy reading because I like art a lot and that’s what I enjoy most in books besides the characters and how they look. My favorite type of books are comics. I also like to draw the characters from my favorite books. Such as... Greg from Diary of a Wimpy Kid, spider man from the Avenger's comic, Finn from Adventure Time, Mr. K from Captain Underpants, and Smiley Bone from the BONE series. I wish I could draw some of them but pencils don't work on computers. That would just wreck the screen. But enough about that. I'm just here to talk about my current book that I'm reading. It's called Diary of a Wimpy Kid: The Last Straw. It’s a very green colored book. I like to read that book when I'm at home. Recommended Reviewer: EthanMy name is Ethan. I am 12 years old. I like to play soccer, basketball, and just plain old regular video games. But I also like reading.
The Search for Treasure: The Sixth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy by G. Stilton, L.M. Tramontozzi, & E. Dami
Authors: BCR Autumn 
Published: October 2016

Stilton, Geronimo, Lidia M. Tramontozzi, and Elisabetta Dami. The Search for Treasure: The Sixth Adventure in the Kingdom of Fantasy. New York, NY: Scholastic Inc., 2014. Print.In this book, he was in his office working and his friend came to come and get him for a race. They got to the race, a boating race but it was storming. Geronimo had to go to the fairyland to tell the princess a secret. I am almost at the secret and I’ll tell you when I get there. There is nothing I don’t like about Geronimo Stilton books. I think there is looks of detail. And if I could live anywhere it would be in mouse city. I would be a mouse and not a rat. I like when there is lots of BIG LETTERS spelled out, meaning the characters are screaming or hyperbole. I would rate the books as the best book series and give it 5 stars. Highly Recommended: 5 out of 5 starsReviewer: AutumnMy name is Autumn. The books I love most by Geronimo are his adventures and Mystery books. My favorite books by Geronimo Stilton is the search for treasure. I don’t like lots of books so when I read I have to think if I like it or not or if I should put it down but when I see a Geronimo Stilton I read the whole thing. Also like the book the destiny of the phoenix cause it had lots of detail. I like when they go to the fairy land and see all the fairies they have lots of trolls and stuff like that and colors.
El Deafo by C. Bell & D. Lasky
Authors: BCR Charity 
Published: October 2016

Bell, Cece, and David Lasky. El Deafo. New York, NY: Amulet Books, 2014. Print.The book I chose was El Deafo. It was written by Cece Bell and R.J. Palaciao, published in 2014 by Amulet books. This story is about a four year old bunny that got sick and had to go to hospital. Her brain was swelling. Then she got home and discovered she was totally deaf and had to wear hearing aids. Then they move and she went to a new school. A new boy moves into the neighborhood and Cece likes that boy named Mike Miller. One day she was running with her new friend through the trees and poked her eye. After her eye healed then she got blind and had to get glasses. I like how Cece thinks she's a super hero it’s cute. And it’s also cute when she likes Mike Miller. I like how she has a sidekick that’s her friend. And I love how they make those warm fuzzies at the end! I don’t like when that dumb bully broke Cece's pencil it was mean. I don’t like when those girls push her around that was also mean! It’s sad when she was a loner at first then she found new friends! I would give this book a rating of 5 out of 5. It is fantastic!!!Highly Recommended: 5 out of 5 starsReviewer: CharityMy name is Charity. I like to read fictional books. My favorite place to read is my window sill. My favorite book is Yandere journal. I think reading is important because it helps people read and makes them smarter that’s what I think about that!
Bone: 2 by J. Smith & S. Hamaker
Authors: BCR Tyrone 
Published: October 2016

Smith, Jeff, and Steve Hamaker. Bone: 2. New York, NY: Graphix-Scholastic, 2005. Print.The book I chose was Bone the Great Cow Race. The book was written by Jeff Smith and published by Scholastic Inc in 2005.The book is about Fone Bone and his cousins trying to return home but his cousins Phoney and Smiley get caught trying to win a race. I liked the action and adventure in the story as well as the illustrations. The story was easy to follow and easy to read, as well as entertaining.I didn't like how some of the sentences were longer than others, because it made them hard to follow. The longer sentences made it hard to understand what was going on sometimes.I would give this book a rating of 3 out of 5. I would recommend it to kids in grades 4 or 5, because it is easy to read.Recommended: 3 out of 5 starsReviewer: TyroneMy name is Tyrone. My favourite place to read is in the library. I love to read horror books. My favourite book is Goosebumps.