bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Various Application Methods of Fluensulfone for Managing Root-knot Nematodes in Vegetables
Authors: Morris Kelly A. , Langston David B. , Davis Richard F. , Noe James P. , Dickson Don W. , Timper Patricia 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Fluensulfone is a new nematicide in the flouroalkenyl chemical group. A field experiment was conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the efficacy of various application methods of fluensulfone for control of Meloidogyne spp. in cucumber (Cucumis sativus). Treatments of fluensulfone (3.0 kg a.i./ha) were applied either as preplant incorporation (PPI) or via different drip irrigation methods: drip without pulse irrigation (Drip NP), pulse irrigation 1 hr after treatment (Drip +1P), and treatment at the same time as pulse irrigation (Drip =P). The experiment had eight replications per treatment and also included a PPI treatment of oxamyl (22.5 kg a.i./ha) and a nontreated control. Compared to the control, neither the oxamyl nor the fluensulfone PPI treatments reduced root galling by Meloidogyne spp. in cucumber. Among the drip treatments, Drip NP and Drip +1P reduced root galling compared to the control. cucumber yield was greater in all fluensulfone treatments than in the control. In a growth-chamber experiment, the systemic activity and phytotoxicity of fluensulfone were also evaluated on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), eggplant (Solanum melongena), cucumber, and squash (Curcurbita pepo). At the seedling stage, foliage of each crop was sprayed with fluensulfone at 3, 6, and 12 g a.i./liter, oxamyl at 4.8 g a.i./liter, or water (nontreated control). Each plant was inoculated with Meloidogyne incognita juveniles 2 d after treatment. There were six replications per treatment and the experiment was conducted twice. Foliar applications of fluensulfone reduced plant vigor and dry weight of eggplant and tomato, but not cucumber or squash; application of oxamyl had no effect on the vigor or weight of any of the crops. Typically, only the highest rate of fluensulfone was phytotoxic to eggplant and tomato. Tomato was the only crop tested in which there was a reduction in the number of nematodes or galls when fluensulfone or oxamyl was applied to the foliage compared to the nontreated control. This study demonstrates that control of Meloidogyne spp. may be obtained by drip and foliar applications of fluensulfone; however, the systemic activity of fluensulfone is crop specific and there is a risk of phytotoxicity with foliar applications.
Sectonema caobangense sp. n. from Vietnam (Nematoda, Dorylaimida, Aporcelaimidae)
Authors: Álvarez-Ortega Sergio , Nguyen Thi Anh Duong , Abolafia Joaquín , Bonkowski Michael , Peña-Santiago Reyes 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Sectonema caobangense sp. n. from evergreen forest soil in Vietnam is described, including scanning electron micrograph (SEM) observations and D2-D3 LSU rDNA analysis. The new species is characterized by its 3.12 to 5.80 mm long body, lip region offset by deep constriction and 21 to 23 μm broad, mural tooth 13 to 14 μm long at its ventral side, 940 to 1,112 μm long neck, pharyngeal expansion occupying 61% to 69% of total neck length, uterus a long simple tube-like structure 292 to 363 μm long or 2.7 to 2.9 times the corresponding body diameter, pars refringens vaginae well developed, V = 48 to 56, short (36-51 μm, c = 77-132, c’ = 0.5-0.8) and rounded tail, 87 to 99 μm long spicules, and four or five irregularly spaced ventromedian supplements bearing hiatus. Sectonema caobangense sp. n. differs from the typical pattern of Sectonema in the nature of the stomatal protrusible structure, bearing a mural tooth attached to the ventral side of the stoma. Molecular data obtained and the derived evolutionary trees support a close phylogenetic relationship with other Sectonema species.
Mitochondrial Haplotype-based Identification of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on Cut Foliage Crops in Florida
Authors: Baidoo Richard , Joseph Soumi , Mengistu Tesfamariam M. , Brito Janete A. , McSorley Robert , Stamps Robert H. , Crow William T. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Florida accounts for more than 75% of the national cut foliage production. Unfortunately, root-knot nematodes (RKN) (Meloidogyne spp.) are a serious problem on these crops, rendering many farms unproductive. Currently, information on the Meloidogyne spp. occurring on most commonly cultivated cut foliage crops in Florida, and tools for their rapid identification are lacking. The objectives of this study were to (i) identify specific RKN infecting common ornamental cut foliage crops in Florida and (ii) evaluate the feasibility of using the mtDNA haplotype as a molecular diagnostic tool for rapid identification of large samples of RKN. A total of 200 Meloidogyne females were collected from cut foliage plant roots. Meloidogyne spp. were identified by PCR and RFLP of mitochondrial DNA. PCR and RFLP of mitochondrial DNA were effective in discriminating the Meloidogyne spp. present. Meloidogyne incognita is the most dominant RKN on cut foliage crops in Florida and must be a high target for making management decisions. other Meloidogyne spp. identified include M. javanica, M. hapla, Meloidogyne sp. 1, and Meloidogyne sp. 2. The results for this study demonstrate the usefulness of the mtDNA haplotype-based designation as a valuable molecular tool for identification of Meloidogyne spp.
Distribution and Longevity of Pratylenchus penetrans in the Red Raspberry Production System
Authors: Kroese Duncan R. , Weiland Jerry E. , Zasada Inga A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
One of the major constraints on the production of red raspberries in the Pacific Northwest is the presence of the rootlesion nematode Pratylenchus penetrans. Current management of this nematode relies heavily on preplant soil fumigation; however, regulations have made the practice more difficult and expensive. Additional issues with soil fumigation include lack of efficacy at deeper soil depths and potential inability to penetrate raspberry root material that remains in the field during fumigation which may harbor P. penetrans. To address these issues, two field experiments were conducted in northwestern Washington. In the first experiment, the residency time of P. penetrans in root material from the previous raspberry crop, which was terminated with or without the use of herbicides, was monitored over time. Pratylenchus penetrans was found in root material from 6 to 8 mon after the crop was terminated, and herbicide application did not reduce P. penetrans residency time compared to untreated root material. In a second experiment, the vertical distribution of P. penetrans at three different times during the field establishment process (pre- and postfumigation, and at planting) was determined at two locations. Both locations had detectable prefumigation P. penetrans populations at all depths. However, postfumigation populations showed a different distribution pattern between locations. The location with coarser soil had populations located mainly at shallower depths with a maximum of 44 P. penetrans/100 g soil at 16 to 30 cm deep, whereas the location with finer soil had populations located mainly at deeper depths with a maximum of 8 P. penetrans/100 g soil at 76 to 90 cm deep. At planting, distribution tended to equilibrate among depths at both locations, but the overall population pattern across depth at each location was similar to that observed at postfumigation. Understanding more about the residency time and distribution of this nematode may provide growers with information that can be used to more effectively target P. penetrans.
Are Entomopathogenic Nematodes Effective Biological Control Agents Against the Carob Moth, Ectomyelois ceratoniae?
Authors: Memari Zahra , Karimi Javad , Kamali Shokoofeh , Goldansaz Seyed Hossein , Hosseini Mojtaba 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The carob moth (Ectomyelois ceratoniae) is the key pest of pomegranate, which causes a significant percentage of losses in pomegranate orchards and warehouses of Iran annually. The pest larvae are characterized by displaying a cryptic behavior within the fruit, which avoids most routine control techniques, especially chemical method. The low efficiency of traditional measurements and also the rich species diversity of natural enemies within the infested fruits highlight the necessity of exploring effective control methods, especially environmental friendly approaches. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a group of biological control agents that actively search for the host, including those in a cryptic habitat like the carob moth larvae within infested fruits. Here, we assumed that treatment of the infested and dropped fruits with EPNs may provide new insight into the management of the carob moth. Three species of EPNs, Steinernema feltiae, S. carpocapsae, and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora were selected and used in a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. In preliminary assays, the EPNs species were used with different concentrations of infective juveniles (IJs) (0, 1, 5, 10, 25, and 50 IJ/larvae) in 2-cm diam. plates. The mortality rates of the laboratory tests were 79.75% and 76.5% for S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae, corresponded to LC50 value of 2.02 IJ/larva for S. feltiae and 2.05 IJ/larva for S. carpocapsae. On the contrary, H. bacteriophora demonstrated low virulence on the pest larvae in petri tests with a LC50 = 426.92 IJ/larva. Hence, both Steinernema species were selected for subsequent experiments. The penetration rate for S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae into the hemocoel of the pest was 43% and 31%, respectively, and the corresponding reproduction rate was 15,452 IJ/larva for S. feltiae and 18,456 IJ/larva for S. carpocapsae. The gathered data from those in vitro tests were used for a field assay. Different concentrations (5, 10, 50, 100, and 160 IJ/cm2 of the arena) of S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae were applied in the field test. The mean mortality results from the last test were 10.89% and 26.65% for S. feltiae and S. carpocapsae, respectively. Finally, we found that these low virulence rates of the nematodes were attributed to inhibitory/repellency effects of saprophytic fungi within the infested pomegranates, a usual status of the infested fruits in autumn or winter seasons. Future work on additional EPN populations more adapted to the extreme conditions of the pomegranate production area in Iran may provide sufficient evidence to continue the further investigation on the best EPN species populations and advanced formulations with high durability.
Management of Root-knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) on Pittosporum tobira Under Greenhouse, Field, and On-farm Conditions in Florida
Authors: Baidoo Richard , Mengistu Tesfamariam , Mcsorley Robert , Stamps Robert H. , Brito Janete , Crow William T. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Root-knot nematodes are important pests of cut foliage crops in Florida. Currently, effective nematicides for control of these nematodes on cut foliage crops are lacking. Hence, research was conducted at the University of Florida to identify pesticides or biopesticides that could be used to manage these nematodes. The research comprised on-farm, field, and greenhouse trials. Nematicide treatments evaluated include commercial formulations of spirotetramat, furfural, and Purpureocillium lilacinum (=Paecilomyces lilacinus) strain 251. Treatment applications were made during the spring and fall seasons according to manufacturer’s specifications. Efficacy was evaluated based on J2/100 cm3 of soil, J2/g of root, and crop yield (kg/plot). Unlike spirotetramat, which did not demonstrate any measurable effects on Meloidogyne incognita J2 in the soil, furfural and P. lilacinum were marginally effective in reducing the population density of M. incognita on Pittosporum tobira. However, nematode reduction did not affect yield significantly. Although furfural and P. lilacinum have some potential for management of M. incognita on cut foliage crops, their use as a lone management option would likely not provide the needed level of control. Early treatment application following infestation provided greater J2 suppression compared to late application, suggesting the need for growers to avoid infested fields.
Sampling Error in Relation to Cyst Nematode Population Density Estimation in Small Field Plots
Authors: Zˇupunski Vesna , Jevtic’ Radivoje , Jokic’ Vesna Spasic’ , Zˇupunski Ljubica , Lalosˇevic’ Mirjana , C’iric’ Mihajlo , Urcic Zˇivko C’ 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Cyst nematodes are serious plant-parasitic pests which could cause severe yield losses and extensive damage. Since there is still very little information about error of population density estimation in small field plots, this study contributes to the broad issue of population density assessment. It was shown that there was no significant difference between cyst counts of five or seven bulk samples taken per each 1-m2 plot, if average cyst count per examined plot exceeds 75 cysts per 100 g of soil. Goodness of fit of data to probability distribution tested with x2 test confirmed a negative binomial distribution of cyst counts for 21 out of 23 plots. The recommended measure of sampling precision of 17% expressed through coefficient of variation (cv) was achieved if the plots of 1 m2 contaminated with more than 90 cysts per 100 g of soil were sampled with 10-core bulk samples taken in five repetitions. If plots were contaminated with less than 75 cysts per 100 g of soil, 10-core bulk samples taken in seven repetitions gave cv higher than 23%. This study indicates that more attention should be paid on estimation of sampling error in experimental field plots to ensure more reliable estimation of population density of cyst nematodes.
Forecasting monthly energy production of small hydropower plants in ungauged basins using grey model and improved seasonal index
Authors: Cheng Chun-Tian , Miao Shu-Min , Luo Bin , Sun Yong-Jun 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA first-order one-variable grey model (GM(1,1)) is combined with improved seasonal index (ISI) to forecast monthly energy production for small hydropower plants (SHPs) in an ungauged basin, in which the ISI is used to weaken the seasonality of input data for the GM(1,1) model. The ISI is calculated by a hybrid model combining K-means clustering technique and ratio-to-moving-average method, which can adapt to different inflow scenarios. Based on the similar hydrological and meteorological conditions of large hydropower plants (LHPs) and SHPs in the same basin, a reference LHP is identified and its local inflow data, instead of the limited available data of SHPs, is used to calculate the ISI. Case study results for the Yangbi and Yingjiang counties in Yunnan Province, China are evaluated against observed data. Compared with the original GM(1,1) model, the GM(1,1) model combined with traditional seasonal index (TSI-GM(1,1)), and the linear regression model, the proposed ISI-GM(1,1) model gives the best performance, suggesting that it is a feasible way to forecast monthly energy production for SHPs in data-sparse areas.
Research on a soft measurement model of sewage treatment based on a case-based reasoning approach
Authors: Zhang Jiayan , Du Cuicui , Feng Xugang 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In this paper, the measurement of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in a wastewater treatment process is analyzed and an intelligent integrated prediction method based on case-based reasoning (CBR) is proposed in order to overcome difficulties. Due to the fact that there are many factors that influence the accuracy of the prediction model, the radial basis function, which is a neural network with a 3 layer feedforward network, is employed to reduce the dimension of input values. Under these circumstances, a back propagation neural network combining with a nearest neighbor retrieval strategy is adopted to match case. Then, the measurement of BOD in wastewater treatment process is analyzed. Finally, the validity of the improved CBR in sewage treatment is demonstrated by using numerical results.
Optimization of sulfate removal from wastewater using magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes by response surface methodology
Authors: Alimohammadi Vahid , Sedighi Mehdi , Jabbari Ehsan 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This paper reports a facile method for removal of sulfate from wastewater by magnetic multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MMWCNTs). Multi-walled carbon nanotubes and MMWCNTs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The results of the analysis indicated that MMWCNTs were synthesized successfully. The MMWCNTs can be easily manipulated in a magnetic field for the desired separation, leading to the removal of sulfate from wastewater. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with central composite design was applied to evaluate the effects of D/C (adsorbent dosage per initial concentration of pollutant (mgadsorbent/(mg/l)initial)) and pH on sulfate removal (%). Using RSM methodology, a quadratic polynomial equation was obtained, for removal of sulfate, by multiple regression analysis. The optimum combination for maximum sulfate removal of 93.28% was pH = 5.96 and D/C = 24.35. The experimental data were evaluated by the Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption models. The adsorption capacity of sulfate in the studied concentration range was 56.94 (mg/g). It was found out that the MMWCNTs could be considered as a promising adsorbent for the removal of sulfate from wastewater.
DUKUNGAN ORGANISASIONAL SEBAGAI PEMODERASI PENGARUH ANTARA KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL PADA KINERJA KARYAWAN
Authors: Jadmiko Purbo 
Published: July 2017

<p><em>Penelitian ini memiliki dua tujuan. Pertama, menguji pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap kinerja. Kedua, menguji pemoderasi dukungan organisasional persepsian pengaruh kecerdasan emosional pada kinerja. Subyek penelitian ini adalah karyawan yang bekerja di instansi rumah sakit di Yogyakarta. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner, didistribusikan ke 200 karyawan yang bekerja di instansi rumah sakit. Sebanyak 157 kuesioner berhasil diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) untuk menguji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kecerdasan emosional berpengaruh positif pada kinerja karyawan, sedangkan dukungan organisasional persepsian tidak terbukti memoderasi pengaruh positif kecerdasan emosional pada kinerja karyawan.</em></p><p><em> </em></p><p><strong><em>Kata Kunci</em></strong><em>: kecerdasan emosional; dukungan organisasional persepsian; kinerja</em></p>
Identifikasi Jiwa Kewirausahaan Mahasiswa
Authors: Suroto Bambang , Rizal Nofrizal , Rahman Fatkhur 
Published: July 2017

<span>Penelitian dengan judul identifikasi jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Lancang Kuning memiliki tujuan jangka panjang adalah sebagai dasar penelitian berkaitan dengan program pengembangan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa yang menjadi basis unggulan lulusan yang diharapkan dapat menopang perekonomian nasional dalam menciptakan lapangan pekerjaan dan menggerakkan sector riil. Sedangkan yang menjadi target jangka pendeknya adalah mahasiswa sebagai sasaran pelayanan Fakultas Ekonomi diharapkan mendapatkan gambaran keberhasilan secara dini akan program yang dibuat selama ini. Jiwa kewirausahaan merupakan semangat, sikap, perilaku dan kemampuan seseorang dalam menangani usaha atau kegiatan yang mengarah pada upaya mencari, menciptakan serta menerapkan cara kerja, teknologi dan produk baru dengan meningkatkan efisiensi dalam rangka memberikan pelayanan yang lebih baik dan atau memperoleh keuntungan yang lebih besar. Sampai sejauhmana keberhasilan Fakultas Ekonomi melaksanakan program kewirausahaannya ini akan diteliti dengan membandingkan jiwa kewirausahaan mahasiswa semester awal dalam hal ini adalah semester II dan dibandingkan dengan jiwa kewirausahaan semester VIII, metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode survey dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan sampel diambil secara proporsional random sampling dan dianalisa dengan menggunakan teknik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa adanya perbedaan yang signifikan jiwa kewirausahaan dan berarti hipotesis penelitian diterima dan ini membuktikan bahwa melalui pembelajaran yang diberikan di kampus memberikan perubahan dalam kewirausahaan mahasiswa.</span>
ANALISA PENGARUH KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN KINERJA KARYAWAN BADAN PERTANAHAN NASIONAL KABUPATEN KERINCI TERHADAP KEPUASAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Siswadhi Ferry 
Published: July 2017

<p class="Default"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong>- Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis Pengaruh antara kualitas pelayanan dan kinerja karyawan Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kabupaten Kerinci terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik <em>non probability sampling. </em>Sedangkan jenis <em>non probability sampling </em>yang digunakan adalah <em>accidental sampling. </em>Dalam penelitian ini jumlah sampel adalah sebanyak 35 orang. Analisis data menggunakan regresi linear berganda dan koefisien determinasi. Metode pengambilan data adalah dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukkan persamaan regresi Y = 7,696 + 0,660 X1 + 0,080 X2. Nilai t <sub>tabel </sub> adalah 2,032 untuk penelitian ini (α = 5%). Variabel kualitas pelayanan memiliki nilai t <sub>hitung</sub> 4,998, dan variabel kinerja karyawan memiliki nilai t <sub>hitung</sub> 0,625, yang berarti faktor kualitas pelayanan berpengaruh signifikan dan memiliki arah hubungan positif sedangkan kinerja karyawanberpengaruh tidak signifikan. Selain itu, uji F menunjukkan nilai F<sub>hitung</sub>15,302 sedangkan nilai F<sub>tabel </sub> 4,139, yang berarti secara bersama-sama/simultan variabel kualitas pelayanan dan kinerja karyawan Badan Pertanahan Nasional Kabupaten Kerinci berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan masyarakat. </p><p class="Default"> </p><p class="Default"><strong>Kata kunci</strong> :Kualitas Pelayanan, Kinerja karyawan dan Kepuasan Masyarakat</p>
Bankruptcy in Slovakia: international comparison of the creditor´s position
Authors: Kliestikova Jana , Misankova Maria , Kliestik Tomas 
Published: July 2017

Research background: Bankruptcy shouldn´t be considered only as negative phenomena although its impact is for companies in most cases more than devastating. This change of point of view is invoked by the needs of contemporary socio-economic evolution. If society wants to reach sustainable development, the bankruptcy should be perceived as an immanent part of normal cyclical economic development. Moreover, if the view of bankruptcy is changed in a positive way, it can be a stimulus for innovations, investment and global welfare. But it is not possible without an increase in the effectiveness of national and international bankruptcy law.Purpose of the article: The goal of this study is to analyse the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy on the basis of comparative law in the Slovak Republic de lege ferenda. It is because we assume that continuous attention should be given to the issue of the creditor?s position with regard to a debtor´s bankruptcy to achieve sustainable economic development.Methods: The potential consideration de lege ferenda should be based not only on performed legal analysis, but also on performed economic analysis. So, selected countries have been evaluated according to specific economic and legal indicators. We used the interdisciplinary approach based on selection analysis and legal comparative analysis applied to international comparison of the status of creditor and the effectiveness of bankruptcy law from his point of view.Findings & Value added: The applied approach has led us to the detection of the most important insolvency laws, specifically the insolvency laws of the United States and Austria. These legislations were further applied in the context of consideration de lege ferenda over the position of a creditor in the case of a debtor´s bankruptcy in the Slovak Republic.