bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intelligent inspection system of iron front belt based on machine vision
Authors: Liu Dingding , Huang Runyue 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In the iron front system, a large number of belts are used for rapid material transportation. The belts operate in the harsh environment of high load for a long time, and often cause belt surface defects due to large foreign body stuck, wear and other reasons; or the materials transported are at high temperature, which will also cause belt surface cracking and other damages. These minor damages are not noticeable and not easy to be found, but after the defects are expanded, the belt is prone to tear accidents, which will cause long-term unplanned shutdown and major economic losses. Because some belts are located at a higher position or are difficult to reach, especially the high-altitude conveyor belt, the personnel can not completely cover the spot inspection at ordinary times, and can not grasp the defects of the belt in real time; once the unplanned shutdown is produced, the shutdown and losses caused are often difficult to evaluate and make up for. In order to effectively avoid this situation, we began to focus on the avoidance of belt defects and the research and development of intelligent testing. According to machine vision, when there are small damages and cracks on the belt surface, the corresponding alarm information will be given, and the location of belt damage will be accurately reported, so that the relevant maintenance personnel can do their work in advance, reduce the shutdown and loss caused by unplanned maintenance, which is a good solution for belt system management. While the site for a long time purely rely on manual inspection of the belt to find the surface defects of the belt, there are often many dead corners, and can not be real-time defects of the belt to the maintenance personnel feedback, so that both increased labor costs and reduced the efficiency of the enterprise.
Differences in the Impact of Intensive Rehabilitation on Hereditary Ataxias and the Cerebellar Subtype of Multiple System Atrophy
Authors: Bando Kyota , Kondo Yuki , Miyazaki Yuta , Hara Takatoshi , Takahashi Yuji 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Multiple system atrophy-cerebellar type (MSA-C) exhibits faster disease progression than hereditary spinocerebellar degeneration (hSCD). This study aimed to investigate the differences in the treatment effects and sustainability of intensive rehabilitation between patients with hSCD and those with MSA-C.
Methods
Forty-nine patients (hSCD = 30, MSA-C = 19) underwent a 2- or 4-week intensive rehabilitation program. Balance function was assessed using the scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia (SARA) and the balance evaluation systems test (BESTest) at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-month follow-ups.
Results
Both groups showed improvements in SARA and BESTest scores after the intervention. In the hSCD group, the SARA scores remained similar to baseline at follow-up, indicating sustained benefits. The MSA-C group showed some deterioration in SARA scores compared with baseline but maintained improvements on the BESTest, demonstrating partial sustainability. Differences, mainly in sustainability, were observed between the hSCD and MSA-C groups. This may be due to varying rates of symptom progression.
Conclusions
The findings of this study are significant when considering the frequency of follow-ups based on disease type.
Childhood predictors of balance in life: A cross-national analysis of the Global Flourishing Study
Authors: Lomas Tim , Padgett R. Noah , Ritchie-Dunham James L. , Pawelski James O. , Shiba Koichiro , Johnson Byron R. , VanderWeele Tyler J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Psychology and related fields have historically been Western-centric, influenced especially by the ideas and values of the United States. Consequently, aspects of life that have been relatively neglected in Western cultures have been similarly overlooked in the literature. This includes balance in life (notwithstanding select instances of interest, like work-life balance). However, amidst a broader movement to redress the Western-centricity of academia is an emergent scholarship on this topic. This paper contributes to this by presenting the most ambitious longitudinal study to date of balance, namely as an item – “In general, how often are the various aspects of your life in balance?” – in the Global Flourishing Study, a five-year (minimum) study investigating the predictors of human flourishing involving (in this first year) 202,898 participants from 22 countries. Specifically, this paper looks at the childhood predictors of balance, using random effects meta-analysis to aggregate all findings in the main text, focusing on three research questions. First, how do different aspects of a child's upbringing predict balance in adulthood, for which the most impactful factor was “Feeling like an outsider growing up” (RR = 0.90; 95% CI [0.87,0.92]), and the least was immigration status (RR = 0.98; 95% CI [0.97, 1.00]). Second, do these associations vary by country, with the effect of being an outsider, for example, being strongest in Australia, and weakest (not different than zero) in Türkiye, South Africa, Nigeria, Poland, Egypt, Hong Kong, Indonesia, and the Philippines. Third, are the observed relationships robust to potential unmeasured confounding, as assessed by E-values, which on the whole was the case. These results shed new light on the cross-cultural and causal dynamics of this overlooked topic, and provide the foundation for further enquiry.
Two-Dimensional Experiment of Particle Cluster Flow Passing Through the Contraction Based on Suffusion Mechanisms
Authors: Tangjarusritaratorn Tanawat , chaimasereekul Charintorn , Duangsree Panusit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Particle flow occurs in systems where solid particles move relative to a surrounding gas or liquid phase, impacting various applications such as blood circulation and sand flow through porous media. In gap-graded soil, the suffusion mechanism involves fine particles moving due to fluid advection, affecting soil strength and stability. Factors like particle concentration, shape, grain size distribution, and confining pressure influence suffusion, primarily studied macroscopically. Most research focuses on macroscopic scales, where particle flow clusters and clogging are significant. This study employs a two-dimensional experiment to investigate microscopic particle concentration effects, aiming for a comprehensive understanding of suffusion. By examining particle clusters flowing through gaps in soil skeletons and using image processing and particle tracking techniques, the study measures individual particle flow velocity, travel time, and velocity distribution. Results indicate that particle cluster inclination affects total travel time, suggesting higher particle concentration may alter erosion rates.
Anomaly Detection in Urban Lighting Systems Using Autoencoder and Transformer Algorithms
Authors: Śmiałkowski Tomasz , Czyżewski Andrzej 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The study aims to present the effectiveness of anomaly detection algorithms in lighting systems based on analyzing records from electricity meters. The road lighting management system operates continuously and in real time, requiring online anomaly detection algorithms. The paper examines two machine learning-based algorithms: Autoencoder with LSTM-type recurrent neural network and Transformer. The results obtained for these algorithms are compared with a simple mechanism for comparing energy consumption in consecutive periods. Classification metrics such as error matrix, sensitivity, precision, and F1-score were used to evaluate the performance of the algorithms. The analysis showed that the Autoencoder algorithm achieves better accuracy (F1-score = 0.9565) and requires significantly fewer computing resources than the Transformer algorithm. Although less efficient (F1-score = 0.8125), the Transformer algorithm also demonstrates the ability to detect anomalies in the road lighting system effectively. Implementing the Autoencoder algorithm on an actual ILED platform allows anomaly detection with a delay of 15 minutes, which is sufficient to take corrective action. The conclusions of this study indicate the significant advantage of machine learning-based algorithms in anomaly detection in lighting systems, which can significantly improve the reliability and efficiency of urban lighting management.
Development of Rwanda country-specific greenhouse gas emission factors for livestock
Authors: Gaidashova Svetlana , Mutimura Mupenzi , German Richard , Claxton Richard , Nkusi Pearl 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

National greenhouse gas emission inventories have consistently highlighted the significant contribution of livestock to national emissions. To date, most noannex 1 countries in Africa, including Rwanda, have relied on default Tier 1 emission factors for livestock because of the absence of country-specific data. However, the present study has taken a step toward rectifying this gap by identifying country-specific emission factors for livestock in Rwanda via the Tier 2 approach outlined in the IPCC 2006 guidelines. The study involved the creation and review of crucial activity data required for Tier 2 calculations. These included data related to the structure of the livestock population; regional distribution by species; various production system types and their respective proportions; daily feed intake; volatile solids; nitrogen excretion; and the types and proportions of manure management systems for cattle, goats, sheep, swine, rabbits and poultry. The population-weighted methane emission factors for enteric fermentation were 62.5 kg/animal per year for cattle and 8.6 kg/animal per year for sheep. These values were higher than the default values stipulated in the Tier 1 IPCC guidelines but fell below the values previously utilized in the Rwanda Biennial Update Report (BUR 1) on greenhouse gas emissions to the United Nations Framework on Climate Change Convention. The data collected did not allow full Tier-2 emission factor calculations for goats, swine, poultry and rabbits. With respect to manure management systems, the reported emission factors for methane and nitrous oxide were notably greater, ranging from 3–26 times greater than the default values set forth in the IPCC 2006 guidelines for Africa. This disparity may be attributed to Rwanda’s zero-grazing policy and predominantly inadequate manure management facilities, with 46% of these facilities being open pits.
Relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number and Lung cancer: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Qi Yangyang , Liu Liqiang , Wang Tao , Xu Zhuo , Tang Shihao , Qi Weining , Jiang Tao 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) play a pivotal role in Lung cancer (LC). However, it is not clear that the relationship between exposure and outcome. Therefore, our database were obtained from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics. By the univariate and multivariate bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR), the results indicate that forward MR analysis showing that mtDNA-CN increased the risk of LC (IVW OR = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.08–1.61, P = 0.006; BW OR = 1.37, 95% CI: 1.12–1.68, P = 0.002). The results are consistent with subgroup. However, there was no statistical significance in reverse MR analysis. The mtDNA-CN was still at risk for LC after multivariate MR adjustment for confounders (IVW OR = 1.40, 95%CI: 1.13–1.75, P = 0.003; FDR adjust p = 0.005). Subgroup analysis suggest the same conclusion in multivariate MR Analysis. Sensitivity analyses found no evidence of horizontal pleiotropy and heterogeneity. In this study, it was found that mtDNA-CN can predict the risk of LC, especially in smokers. However, we did not find a reverse causal relationship. This imply that mtDNA-CN can be used as a biomarker in the clinical practice of LC.
The e-Health literacy among young and middle-aged hypertensive patients still needs improvement : a qualitative study
Authors: Mi Ziyi , Zhang Bingxue , Liu Haidi , Hu Hongjuan , Huang Yanjin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Although there is a marked trend of hypertension becoming increasingly prevalent among younger age groups, young and middle-aged individuals are the primary users of mainstream media and information technology. However, their level of e-health literacy still requires significant improvement. Therefore, this study aims to explore the experiences and perceptions of using e-health information and services among young and middle-aged hypertensive patients, providing more tailored e-health guidance for this patient population.
Objective: This study aims to explore how young and middle-aged hypertensive patients acquire, understand, evaluate, discriminate, share, and utilize e-health information and online health services. It also highlights the importance for healthcare professionals to focus on digital health, thereby providing better e-health management for this demographic.
Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive approach, we conducted semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 14 young and middle-aged hypertensive patients. Data collection took place during December 2023 to January 2024 via one-on-one interviews. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim, and interview data were analyzed using the colaizzi seven-step analysis method.
Results: We found that the e-health literacy among participants still needed improvement. However, a few young and middle-aged hypertensive patients showed significant interest in electronic health and believed that they could benefit from it. Data were grouped into four themes: (1)e-health literacy still needs improvement; (2)online medical services operation skills need further promotion; (3)the influence of the e-health information or online medical services; and (4)the expectations for electronic health information or online medical services. Participants expressed a desire for more professional and technical support to learn authoritative medical knowledge and fully utilize e-health services for daily self-management.
Conclusions: Patients have access to a wide range of sources for electronic health information and online medical services, but they often lack the scientific standards to accurately assess this information. Therefore, healthcare professionals should educate patients on how to discriminate the authenticity of electronic health information. Additionally, they need to inform patients about current authoritative and reliable information sources, and teach them how to use reputable health websites, health-oriented social media, and health management applications.
Depressive and Anxiety Symptoms among Pregnant Women in Beni-Suef Governorate, Egypt.
Authors: Salah Hisham , kaiaty Shaimaa , Mobark Ali , Elmorsy Elmorsy A. , Ahmed Gehad S. , Khalil Eman M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Depression and anxiety during pregnancy are documented significant public health issues. Therefore, the aim of the study is to detect the prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy in Beni-Suef Governorate and to determine the risk factors associated with them. A ten-month analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 434 pregnant women who regularly attended the antenatal care clinic at the Beni-Suef University Hospital and six others randomly chosen health care facilities in the governorate of Beni-Suef. The Arabic versions of the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HDRS), as well as a structured questionnaire, were employed.
Results
Prevalence of prenatal depressive and anxiety symptoms was found to be respectively 73.5% and 33.9%, and their occurrence was related to the pregnant woman's place of residence, educational level, and husband's educational level as well as the fetus' gender, history of complications in the current pregnancy, and psychiatric symptoms in the current pregnancy.
Conclusion
Preventive healthcare initiatives are required to enhance pregnant women's mental health.
E-Dengue System Insights: Exploring The Factors Influencing Dengue-Related Deaths in Urbanized State in Low-Middle Income Country (LMIC)
Authors: Khalida Farah , Puteh Sharifa Ezat Wan , Zainuddin Mohamad Azfar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Dengue has emerged as a rapidly escalating health issue in low- and middle-income countries, with its burden and geographic spread increasing over the years. Malaysia, in particular, has witnessed a significant rise in dengue cases, accompanied by a spike in mortality rates. Several studies have identified various factors, primarily focusing on the clinical aspects of severe dengue infection and the development of dengue-related fatalities. This research aims to go beyond clinical factors and explore different perspectives, including individual, healthcare and environmental factors related to dengue mortality, to enhance service quality and improve public health interventions and prevention strategies.
Methods
This is a 1:2 case-control study utilizing the E-dengue system database from 2015 to 2022. A total of 219 registered dengue cases were included, with 73 cases in the case group (all dengue fatalities) and 146 cases in the control group (randomly selected survivors). Multivariate regression models were conducted to identify predictors of dengue mortality.
Results
Multivariate analysis revealed several significant predictors of death: a platelet level less than 50,000/µL (OR 15.7; 95% CI: 5.65–43.53), having one comorbid condition (OR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.2-8.0), having more than two comorbid conditions (OR 11; 95% CI: 33), bronchial asthma (OR 12; 95% CI: 1.08-132.13), and outbreak locality status (OR 2.3; 95% CI: 1.11–4.79).
Conclusion
In conclusion, this prediction model can be used to identify, prioritize and improve clinical care of individuals at higher risk of death during dengue episodes as well as to implement particular surveillance and preventive measures. Beyond clinical factors, a new finding in this study is the significance of outbreak locality as a critical predictor of dengue mortality. Therefore, in addition to health screening and public awareness and medical preparedness, it is essential to implement targeted and enhanced monitoring and preventive measures in areas with frequent dengue outbreaks.
Correlation analysis between positivity rate of immunoglobulin G antibodies against pertussis toxin among community-based populations and reported pertussis incidence in Shandong, China: A seven-year seroepidemiological study
Authors: Zhang Yan , Li Manshi , Feng Lei , Tao Zexin , Yuan Xinyu , Liu Guifang , Xu Aiqiang , Zhang Li 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The reported annual incidence of pertussis in China has shown a marked increase over the past decade, but it may be still underestimated. The purpose of this study was to understand the seroepidemiologic characteristics of pertussis in community-based populations and to assess the level of pertussis infection in the population.
Methods
Between 2017 and 2023, one or two cities in each of the eastern, central and western regions of Shandong Province were selected as survey sites, and a total of six age groups of healthy individuals were enrolled by multistage stratified random sampling to carry out the survey. The serum level of pertussis toxin (PT) IgG (PT-IgG) antibody was quantified by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
A total of 9,238 subjects were enrolled, and the mean positive rate of PT-IgG antibody was 8.05% (95%CI: 7.50%~8.60%), with the highest in 2019 (10.70%, 95% CI: 9.19%~12.21%) and the lowest in 2020 (6.32%, 95% CI: 4.98%~7.66%). The highest positive rate was found in the age group of less than 3 years old (11.46%, 95%CI: 9.87%~13.05%), and the lowest rate was found in the 3 ~ 5 years group (5.40%, 95%CI: 4.28%~6.52%). There was a significant difference in the positive rate between age groups (χ2 = 43.098, P < 0.001). Comparison of trends in recent infection rates and reported incidence rates in the population, that showed a very strong linear correlation in the annual distribution (r = 0.821, P = 0.023), and a extremely weak linear correlation in age distribution (r = 0.086, P = 0.872). Estimated infection rates (/100,000) among people aged ≥ 3 years ranged from 5,257 (95%CI: 3,918 ~ 6,596) to 24,449 (95%CI: 22,157 ~ 26,740) by years, with estimated infection rates in eastern region (31,544.44-fold) and in older age group (292,340.00-fold for ≥ 20 years old group, 216,388.89-fold for 17 ~ 19 years old group) differed significantly from the reported incidence rate.
Conclusions
The annual distribution trend of reported pertussis incidence rate aligns with the infection rate observed among community populations, the actual level of infection is likely to be seriously underestimated. Therefore there is a need to emphasize surveillance and consider additional booster immunizations for adolescents and adults.
The Intrusion Detection and Recovery of Deauthentication Frame In WPA3 SAE
Authors: Btoush Alaa , Abadleh Ahmad , Alkasasbeh Anas A. , Alghamdi Mansoor 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

As wireless communication technologies advance, protecting networks from emerging threats becomes increasingly important. This paper focuses on deauthentication detection and recovery in the context of WPA3 SAE (WIFI Protected Access 3 - Simultaneous Authentication of Equals), a widely used protocol for securing wireless networks. Deauthentication attacks, which forcibly disconnect legitimate users, seriously threaten the integrity and availability of network services. The primary contributions of this paper center on developing a robust detection method for distinguishing between normal network behavior and deauthentication attack activities. also delves into the design and implementation of proactive recovery mechanisms that allow for the rapid restoration of network services following a deauthentication attack. The observed results indicate that there is a significant and immediate impact on network functionality during an active authentication attack. One noticeable consequence is preventing new customers from successfully joining the network. Another consequence is that the increased number of EAPOL frames is the result of unresponsive client behavior. And the AP's attempt to complete the handshake.
Spectroscopic study of tunable white light stimulation from organic dyes infused in silica
Authors: Rashmi Rashmi , Dikshit Ashutosh Kumar , Dwivedi Y. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The present article reports the stimulation of white emission and spectroscopic investigations of composite material having organic molecules (Coumarin 102 and Rhodamine 6G) infused porous nano-silica matrix coated with a hydrophobic layer and a polymer layer. Electron microscopy reveals the formation of ~ 70 nm particles with a surface area of ~ 112 m2/g and pore volume of ~ 0.440 cm3/g, as the BET surface analyzer estimated. A nano-silica composite containing fluorescent dye molecules in an appropriate ratio produces complementary colours (blue/yellow), allowing the achievement of bright white light emission and the feasibility of white light tuning. The chromaticity coordinates were estimated to be (0.35, 0.33) on excitation with 405 nm LED. The radiative decay time of ~ 4.3ns for C102 was estimated using time-resolved emission spectroscopy, which was found to be a function of Rh6G (~ 4.8ns) concentration. The critical transfer distance and rate of transfer were reported for different concentrations. The thermal stability of the composite against the optical performance in the temperature range of 273 K to 325 K was also reported. We demonstrated synthesized materials as coating materials on the blue LED, which emits blue-dominated white light and latent fingerprinting. The details of photophysics and analysis are explained in the present article.