bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Localized Extreme Coiled Tubing Wall Loss - Causes and Remediation Practices
Authors: Craig Steven , Padron Tomas , Smith Simon , Pinero Luis , Herald Joshua 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The causes and associated remediation practices of most coiled tubing failures are well-known and detailed in multiple technical papers (Crabtree 2008, van Ardrichem & Larsen 2002, Burgos et al. 2007). One type of failure that has more limited exposure is excessive wall loss due to abrasion, occurring primarily in chrome completions. Significant wall loss over a large area typically requires the string be retired from service. On occasion, this damage has occurred during only a few operating runs. Retiring strings early is financially unacceptable, and in certain global locations, replacement strings can take months to arrive, resulting in a failure to meet operational objectives. This paper will detail the background on this type of failure observed in Azerbaijan, New Zealand and the USA, the failure analysis, results from pipe inspections, mitigation plans, and their associated results in reducing the frequency of incidents.
Analysis of incidents in the three markets started with an early notice of wear on a concentric string for offshore use in chrome completions. This wear detection resulted in a full string inspection to determine future life. While this string was retired, mitigation practices included mandating a wetted and/or lubricated wellbore and greater tracking of wall loss. The second market experienced a significant number of cases of premature failure, primarily on 1 ¾-in. coiled tubing (CT) run in chrome completions. Significant tracking of pipe movement versus location of the damage was completed to optimally target the use of friction-reducing lubricants. The third market used a 2-in. concentric string for 14 runs in a single L80 well. Here, flat spots exceeded 60% of wall loss, and several compressive failures occurred on the reel. In addition, galling with material transfer was observed. Mitigation practices include the use of pipe straighteners, wetted and lubricated completion in areas of high contact force.
Mitigation practices have significantly reduced the extreme wall loss issues in the first market, and similar programs have been recently implemented in the other two. Features common to all wells, such as deviation profile, will be presented to identify high-risk wells and permit pre-job mitigation planning.
This paper covers data from 19 wells and various mitigation practices and the associated positive results. The information will enable operators to better plan for success with CT well intervention operations.
Downhole Machining with Electric Wireline Technology
Authors: Bermawan Irwan , Primasari Indah , Rahman Risal , Rachman Ramadhani , Carolina Vera , Aldebaren Rigel 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
This paper will demonstrate technology to do downhole interior reconstruction in an older well design to create larger tool access using wireline technology. The intent is to document the applied technology and the value creation.
The methods described were actual field operations demonstrating the successful application of the technology in a mature field. This paper will describe the history, background and challenges of a well in this mature field and the subsequent application of alternate technology to overcome those challenges and maintain the asset as a viable, producing well.
Due to the availability of downhole tools and services to solve an immediate problem in a well, the need to reconstruct the existing wellbore interior to create larger access for example, becomes inevitable in many cases. Such was the case on offshore wells in Indonesia where the inner diameter size of the downhole accessories forbid tools to reach the lower targeted depth.
Following the success of the first nipple milling in the world at an Operator's field in Indonesia in 2009, another 12 wells had applied the same intervention technique at one field location and many other wells in various part of the world. The advantage of wireline nipple milling includes level of precision in milling, new smooth finishing of treated downhole accessories or completions, minimum cuttings left downhole, minimum volume of liquid required, small footprint required during operation and speed of milling operation that could be less than 2 hours even in small restriction such as 2.6 inch inner diameter.
This paper presents the up to date achievements, case histories, challenges, best practices and technical aspects of the aforementioned milling system as well as similar challenges can be solved using similar technique.
Impact of some chemical treatments and length of storage on the storability of sugar beet
Authors: Zubi Hussien Al , Jbawi Entessar Al , Jeddawi Sameer Al , Tahla Mohammad Khair , Ismaiel Raafat , Huniesh Thamer Al , Aliesha Gaidaa , Radwan Radwan , Azzam Hasan 
Published: February 2016

An experiment was conducted at the Agricultural Research Center of Al Ghab, General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research (GCSAR), Syria, to evaluate the effect of some chemical application on the sugar losses reduction, and some quality traits in 2014/2015 season. Three slaked lime concentrations of 5, 10 and 15 percent, and three concentrations of calcium chloride of 2, 4, and 6%, and a mix of 5% slaked lime with 2% calcium chloride, beside the check (no treatment) (factor C). The second factor (D) was the storage durations of 6 days, and tow varieties (Factor V) were arranged as factorial experiment in RCBD with four replications. The varieties one of them was monogerm (Vico), while the other was multigerm (Reda), they were drilled in mid November, and storage roots were harvested late August. Weight percent loss and quality of beet samples such as sugar content, total soluble solids (TSS %), and purity% were determined throughout storage period. The results of analysis of variance ANOVA showed that effect of varieties was significant for TSS (brix %), sucrose%, root weight loss (P<0.05). All the studied traits were affected significantly (P<0.05) by storage duration. Chemical treatments had significant effect on all the studied traits (P<0.05), and the best treatment was with calcium chloride 6%. The percentage of variance confirmed that the most effective factor for the all studied traits was the storage period, followed by the varieties, and finally in a very low percent was the chemical treatments, because of that it is very urgent to send the harvested roots immediately to the factories to be processed within 24 hours, or treated with calcium chloride of 6% to preserve the sugar content as possible till manufacturing. Also the study concluded that the mutigerm variety Reda deteriorated less that the monogerm variety Vico, so Reda is recommended to be stored if necessary.International Journal of Environment Vol. 5 (1) 2016, pp: 96-106
Level-of-Service Model for Protected Bike Lanes
Authors: Foster Nick , Monsere Christopher M. , Dill Jennifer , Clifton Kelly 
Published: February 2016

Several methods exist for quantifying the quality of service provided by a roadway from a bicyclist's perspective; however, many of these models do not consider physically protected bike lanes. Of those that do, none was developed on the basis of empirical data from the United States. This gap is problematic because engineers, planners, and elected officials are increasingly looking to objective performance measures to help guide both transportation project design and funding prioritization decisions. This paper addresses this gap by presenting a cumulative logistic model to predict user comfort on protected bike lanes that was developed from data collected during in-person video surveys. The surveys were conducted in Portland, Oregon, with video footage gathered in Portland; Chicago, Illinois; and San Francisco, California. The model is for road segments only and not signalized intersections. It complements the Highway Capacity Manual 2010 level-of-service methods by providing an analysis procedure for a facility type that is not currently included in the manual. The model indicates that the type of buffer, direction of travel (one-way versus two-way), adjacent motor vehicle speed limit, and average daily motor vehicle volumes are all significant predictors of bicyclist comfort in protected bike lanes. The model predicts a mean value of A or B on a scale of A (most comfortable) to F (least comfortable) for all protected bike lane video clips that were used in the survey. Consistent with previous research findings, survey respondents report that protected bike lanes are generally more comfortable than other types of on-street infrastructure. The authors thank Mark Person of Mackenzie and Sam Thompson and Tara Goddard of Portland State University for their assistance in recruiting survey participants. Theo Petritsch of Sprinkle Consulting, Inc., provided the video clips from NCHRP Project 3-70, which were used for video quality comparison. The Department of Civil Engineering at Portland State University contributed funds used in this project. The authors acknowledge the U.S. Department of Transportation, the National Institute for Transportation and Communities, and People for Bikes for funding the related project.
KEPLER ECLIPSING BINARY STARS. VII. THE CATALOG OF ECLIPSING BINARIES FOUND IN THE ENTIRE KEPLER DATA SET
Authors: Kirk Brian , Conroy Kyle , Prša Andrej , Abdul-Masih Michael , Kochoska Angela , Matijevič Gal , Hambleton Kelly , Barclay Thomas , Bloemen Steven , Boyajian Tabetha , Doyle Laurance R. , Fulton B. J. , Hoekstra Abe Johannes , Jek Kian , Kane Stephen R. , Kostov Veselin , Latham David , Mazeh Tsevi , Orosz Jerome A. , Pepper Joshua , Quarles Billy , Ragozzine Darin , Shporer Avi , Southworth John , Stassun Keivan , Thompson Susan E. , Welsh William F. , Agol Eric , Derekas Aliz , Devor Jonathan , Fischer Debra , Green Gregory , Gropp Jeff , Jacobs Tom , Johnston Cole , LaCourse Daryll Matthew , Saetre Kristian , Schwengeler Hans , Toczyski Jacek , Werner Griffin , Garrett Matthew , Gore Joanna , Martinez Arturo O. , Spitzer Isaac , Stevick Justin , Thomadis Pantelis C. , Vrijmoet Eliot Halley , Yenawine Mitchell , Batalha Natalie , Borucki William 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
The primary Kepler Mission provided nearly continuous monitoring of ∼200,000 objects with unprecedented photometric precision. We present the final catalog of eclipsing binary systems within the 105 deg2
Kepler field of view. This release incorporates the full extent of the data from the primary mission (Q0-Q17 Data Release). As a result, new systems have been added, additional false positives have been removed, ephemerides and principal parameters have been recomputed, classifications have been revised to rely on analytical models, and eclipse timing variations have been computed for each system. We identify several classes of systems including those that exhibit tertiary eclipse events, systems that show clear evidence of additional bodies, heartbeat systems, systems with changing eclipse depths, and systems exhibiting only one eclipse event over the duration of the mission. We have updated the period and galactic latitude distribution diagrams and included a catalog completeness evaluation. The total number of identified eclipsing and ellipsoidal binary systems in the Kepler field of view has increased to 2878, 1.3% of all observed Kepler targets. An online version of this catalog with downloadable content and visualization tools is maintained at http://keplerEBs.villanova.edu.
SYSTEMATIC REGULARITY OF HEMISPHERIC SUNSPOT AREAS OVER THE PAST 140 YEARS
Authors: Deng L. H. , Xiang Y. Y. , Qu Z. N. , An J. M. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
Solar magnetic activity varies with time in the two hemispheres in different ways. The hemispheric interconnection of solar activity phenomena provides an important clue to understanding the dynamical behavior of solar dynamo actions. In this paper, several analysis approaches are proposed to analyze the systematic regularity of hemispheric asynchronism and amplitude asymmetry of long-term sunspot areas during solar cycles 9–24. It is found that, (1) both the hemispheric asynchronism and the amplitude asymmetry of sunspot areas are prevalent behaviors and are not anomalous, but the hemispheric asynchronism exhibits a much more regular behavior than the amplitude asymmetry; (2) the phase-leading hemisphere returns back to the identical hemisphere every 8 solar cycles, and the secular periodic pattern of hemispheric phase differences follows 3 (south leading) + 5 (north leading) solar cycles, which probably corresponds to the Gleissberg cycle; and (3) the pronounced periodicities of (absolute and normalized) asymmetry indices and lines of synchronization (LOSs) are not identical: the significant periodic oscillations are 80.65 ± 6.31, 20.91 ± 0.40, and 13.45 ± 0.16 years for the LOS values, and 51.34 ± 2.48, 8.83/8.69 ± 0.07, and 3.77 ± 0.02 years for the (absolute and normalized) asymmetry indices. The analysis results improve our knowledge on the hemispheric interrelation of solar magnetic activity and may provide valuable constraints for solar dynamo models.
MODELING OF THE ZODIACAL EMISSION FOR THE AKARI/IRC MID-INFRARED ALL-SKY DIFFUSE MAPS
Authors: Kondo Toru , Ishihara Daisuke , Kaneda Hidehiro , Nakamichi Keichiro , Takaba Sachi , Kobayashi Hiroshi , Ootsubo Takafumi , Pyo Jeonghyun , Onaka Takashi 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
The zodiacal emission, which is the thermal infrared (IR) emission from the interplanetary dust (IPD) in our solar system, has been studied for a long time. Nevertheless, accurate modeling of the zodiacal emission has not been successful to reproduce the all-sky spatial distribution of the zodiacal emission, especially in the mid-IR where the zodiacal emission peaks. Therefore, we aim to improve the IPD cloud model based on Kelsall et al., using the AKARI 9 and 18 μm all-sky diffuse maps. By adopting a new fitting method based on the total brightness, we have succeeded in reducing the residual levels after subtraction of the zodiacal emission from the AKARI data and thus in improving the modeling of the zodiacal emission. Comparing the AKARI and the COBE data, we confirm that the changes from the previous model to our new model are mostly due to model improvements, but not temporal variations between the AKARI and the COBE epoch, except for the position of the Earth-trailing blob. Our results suggest that the size of the smooth cloud, a dominant component in the model, is about 10% more compact than previously thought, and that the dust sizes are not large enough to emit blackbody radiation in the mid-IR. Furthermore, we detect a significant isotropically distributed IPD component, owing to an accurate baseline measurement with AKARI.
ATOMIC CHEMISTRY IN TURBULENT ASTROPHYSICAL MEDIA. II. EFFECT OF THE REDSHIFT ZERO METAGALACTIC BACKGROUND
Authors: Gray William J. , Scannapieco Evan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We carry out direct numerical simulations of turbulent astrophysical media exposed to the redshift zero metagalactic background. The simulations assume solar composition and explicitly track ionizations, recombinations, and ion-by-ion radiative cooling for hydrogen, helium, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, sodium, magnesium, silicon, sulfur, calcium, and iron. Each run reaches a global steady state that depends not only on the ionization parameter,

and mass-weighted average temperature,

but also on the one-dimensional turbulent velocity dispersion,

. We carry out runs that span a grid of models with U ranging from 0 to 10−1 and

ranging from 3.5 to 58 km s−1, and we vary the product of the mean density and the driving scale of the turbulence,

which determines the average temperature of the medium, from

to

cm−2. The turbulent Mach numbers of our simulations vary from

for the lowest velocity dispersion cases to

for the largest velocity dispersion cases. When

turbulent effects are minimal, and the species abundances are reasonably described as those of a uniform photoionized medium at a fixed temperature. On the other hand, when

dynamical simulations such as the ones carried out here are required to accurately predict the species abundances. We gather our results into a set of tables to allow future redshift zero studies of the intergalactic medium to account for turbulent effects.
HOT SUBDWARF STARS OBSERVED IN LAMOST DR1—ATMOSPHERIC PARAMETERS FROM SINGLE-LINED SPECTRA
Authors: Luo Yang-Ping , Németh Péter , Liu Chao , Deng Li-Cai , Han Zhan-Wen 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a catalog of 166 spectroscopically identified hot subdwarf stars from LAMOST DR1, 44 of which show the characteristics of cool companions in their optical spectra. Atmospheric parameters of 122 subdwarf stars with non-composite spectra were measured by fitting the profiles of hydrogen (H) and helium (He) lines with synthetic spectra from non-LTE model atmospheres. Most of the sdB stars scatter near the Extreme Horizontal Branch in the T
eff–

diagram and two well defined groups can be outlined. A clustering of He-enriched sdO stars appears near T
eff = 45,000 K and log g = 5.8. The sdB population separates into several nearly parallel sequences in the T
eff–He abundance diagram with clumps corresponding to those in the T
eff–

diagram. Over 38,000 K (sdO) stars show abundance extremes; they are either He-rich or He-deficient and we observe only a few stars in the abundance range

. With increasing temperature these extremes become less prominent and the He abundance approaches log y ∼ −0.5. A unique property of our sample is that it covers a large range in apparent magnitude and galactic latitude, therefore it contains a mix of stars from different populations and galactic environments. Our results are consistent with the findings of Hirsch and we conclude that He-rich and He-deficient sdB stars (log y < 1) probably originate from different populations. We also find that most sdO and sdB stars lie in a narrow strip in the plane of luminosity and helium abundance, which suggests that these atmospheric parameters are correlated.
Deriving Habitat Models for Northern Long-Eared Bats from Historical Detection Data: A Case Study Using the Fernow Experimental Forest
Authors: Ford W. Mark , Silvis Alexander , Rodrigue Jane L. , Kniowski Andrew B. , Johnson Joshua B. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe listing of the northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis) as federally threatened under the Endangered Species Act following severe population declines from white-nose syndrome presents considerable challenges to natural resource managers. Because the northern long-eared bat is a forest habitat generalist, development of effective conservation measures will depend on appropriate understanding of its habitat relationships at individual locations. However, severely reduced population sizes make gathering data for such models difficult. As a result, historical data may be essential in development of habitat models. To date, there has been little evaluation of how effective historical bat presence data, such as data derived from mist-net captures, acoustic detection, and day-roost locations, may be in developing habitat models, nor is it clear how models created using different data sources may differ. We explored this issue by creating presence probability models for the northern long-eared bat on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the central Appalachian Mountains of West Virginia using a historical, presence-only data set. Each presence data type produced outputs that were dissimilar but that still corresponded with known traits of the northern long-eared bat or are easily explained in the context of the particular data collection protocol. However, our results also highlight potential limitations of individual data types. For example, models from mist-net capture data only showed high probability of presence along the dendritic network of riparian areas, an obvious artifact of sampling methodology. Development of ecological niche and presence models for northern long-eared bat populations could be highly valuable for resource managers going forward with this species. We caution, however, that efforts to create such models should consider the substantial limitations of models derived from historical data, and address model assumptions.
Detecting uterine glandular lesions: Role of cervical cytology
Authors: Bansal Baneet , Gupta Parikshaa , Gupta Nalini , Rajwanshi Arvind , Suri Vanita 
Published: February 2016

Background:The sensitivity of cervical cytology for detection of glandular lesions is reported to be low. We conducted this study to assess the diagnostic accuracy of cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) smears for uterine glandular lesions and to compare the diagnostic utility of conventional and liquid-based cytology (LBC) smears for glandular lesions.Materials and Methods:Archived histopathology records of all cases reported as endocervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma in the study period were identified and the available corresponding Pap smears (in preceding 1 year) were retrieved. In addition, the Pap smears reported as glandular cell abnormalities (GCA) during the same study period were retrieved. The overall prevalence of GCA, sensitivity, and specificity of Pap smears for the detection of GCA was calculated. The diagnostic accuracy of conventional and LBC smears for the diagnosis of GCA was also compared.Results:The prevalence of GCA in our study was 0.32%. The overall specificity of Pap smears for the diagnosis of GCA was 60.8%, this was not significantly different between conventional and LBC smears (P= 0.4). The overall sensitivity of Pap smears for the detection of GCA was 41.8%; LBC smears had significantly better sensitivity as compared to conventional smears for the detection of endometrial as compared to endocervical adenocarcinoma (P< 0.05).Conclusions:The prevalence of GCA in Pap smears is low. The specificity of Pap smears, for diagnosis of GCA, was found to be moderate. However, the overall sensitivity of Pap smears for the detection of GCA was low, though better for LBC as compared to conventional smears.
Common surgery, uncommon complication
Authors: Akdeniz Hande , Ozer Kadri , Dikmen Adile , Kocer Ugur 
Published: February 2016

Ingrown nail surgery is the one of the most common surgeries in outpatient clinics that are generally perfomed in response to patient complaints. Still, making simple observations, taking patient histories and conducting further tests are often neglected by outpatient clinics. Consequently, it is important to be aware if ingrown nail is associated with any underlying diseases that can lead to major complications.
In this article, we report on two cases ending in amputation that were performed with Winograd’s partial matrix excision procedure for ingrown nails. Such a complication is rare, unexpected, and most unwanted in forefoot surgery. After a detailed analysis of the situation, we discovered that both patients were smokers, and one of them had Buerger’s disease. These conditions led to the ingrown nails in addition to poor wound healing.
This case report emphasizes the fact that even when performing minor procedures, obtaining a detailed history and conducting an examination are of paramount importance. Patient selection is also a considerable factor, especially for patients who are smokers, who may experience a worst case surgical scenario.