bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling and Simulation of a Fully Autonomous Electric Vehicle (AEV)
Authors: Ajao Qasim , Sadeeq Lanre 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

With the continuous advancements in science and technology, there is an increasing focus on environmental sustainability, leading to heightened interest in autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs). AEVs hold significant potential for enhancing electric mobility, energy efficiency, environmental preservation, and driving capabilities. They offer numerous advantages that could revolutionize transportation and urban lifestyles, notably improving road safety by reducing human error-a leading cause of accidents. This paper presents a comprehensive simulation of an AEV by developing and integrating models for the driving system, battery, motor, transmission, and vehicle body within the MATLAB/Simulink environment. Each component is configured and interconnected to create a pure vehicle model. The simulation is performed under UDDS cycle conditions to evaluate the vehicle's performance in speed maintenance, driving distance, acceleration capabilities, and battery state-of-charge (SoC) dynamics. The results demonstrate that the car exhibits strong output characteristics. Furthermore, the driver model incorporates an energy brake recovery function, which, when set to a 50% recovery efficiency, increases the driving distance by 25% compared to a vehicle without this function.
Enhancing JavaScript Source Code Understanding with Graph-Aligned Large Language Models
Authors: Vadoce Theodor , Pritchard James , Fairbanks Callum 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Understanding and analyzing source code effectively is a critical aspect of modern software development, given the growing complexity and scale of software systems. The novel integration of graph alignment into an open-source LLM, specifically adapted for JavaScript, introduces a significant advancement in capturing the intricate structural and semantic relationships within the code. Through leveraging graph-based representations such as Abstract Syntax Trees (ASTs), the model demonstrates an enhanced ability to comprehend code syntax, identify functional patterns, and detect anomalies, thereby surpassing traditional token-based models. Experimental evaluations across various code understanding tasks, including code summarization, function naming, and bug detection, reveal substantial improvements in accuracy and generalization capabilities, showcasing the efficacy of the graph-aligned approach. Comparative analysis with baseline models further establishes the superiority of the proposed method, indicating its potential to serve as a robust foundation for the development of more sophisticated automated code analysis tools. The implications of this research extend to the broader domain of software engineering, where the enhanced understanding of source code can facilitate more efficient development, debugging, and maintenance processes.
Educational communities of rural schools in the arctic (on the example of the Murmansk oblast): A social justice perspective on inclusion
Authors: Afonkina Yu. A. , Kuzmicheva T. V. 
Published: September 2024

The article addresses the current problem of searching and substantiating mechanisms for the development of inclusive education. The research relevance is also determined by the Arctic context, which corresponds to the epistemological need of modern interdisciplinary knowledge in the development of inclusive education, the priorities of state policy, as well as to the expectations and demands of regional communities. The authors aim to study social interactions within rural schools in the Arctic from the standpoint of inclusion as an indicator of social justice (on the example of the Murmansk Oblast). To that end, rural schools are modelled and described based on the developed criteria. Difficulties experienced by the teachers in the course of inclusive educational process, including when using distance technologies, are typified. According to the results obtained, typical models of rural schools in the Murmansk Oblast include suburban schools and remote schools and their following variants: the school as a territorial cooperation, a border school, an isolated school, and an indigenous school. In all rural school models, under successful formation of external and internal social ties, a shortage of special education teachers is observed. The teachers face methodological, organizational, and social difficulties. In addition, the educational environment is not sufficiently accessible, which forms barriers to social justice. The revealed regional specificity of rural schools serves as a justification for a conceptual and substantive development of Arctic pedagogy. The results obtained are useful for further theoretical and empirical research in the field of inclusive education, as well as for the development of regional programs of inclusive educational practices, taking the differentiation of social conditions into account.
Implementation of Master’s degree programs in Artic indigenous languages in the higher education system (on the example of the Sámi language)
Authors: Bakula V. B. , Pastushkova M. A. , Savateeva O. V. 
Published: September 2024

In this article, we discuss the specifics of implementing the Master’s degree program entitled “Technologies of teaching the Sámi language” launched at the Department of Philology, Intercultural Communication, and Journalism of the Murmansk Arctic University during the 2022–23 academic year. The lectures and practical sessions included in the program are briefly described. The methodological aspects of the discipline “Teaching the Sámi language (initial stage, school)” are presented in greater detail. The relevance of introducing a Master’s degree in this profile for reviving the Sámi language, which is on the verge of extinction, is shown. The factors leading to extinction of the indigenous language of the Kola North are outlined; measures for preserving and reviving the Sámi language are proposed.
The role of Water Operator Partnership in accelerating adoption of new working process for non-revenue water reduction: a case study – Waterworx WOP between Perumda Air Minum Tirta Moedal and VEI
Authors: Wiedilaksono Ardian , Kurniasari Ratna Budi , de Blois Reint-Jan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This paper presents the approach, results, and contributing factors to success of a Non-Revenue Water (NRW) reduction intervention in a Water Operator Partnership (WOP) between Perumda Air Minum Tirta Moedal Kota Semarang (PDAM Semarang) and VEI Dutch Water Operators (VEI). This paper makes a case for the prioritisation of small but smart operational investment to improve the water use efficiency (SDG 6.4) in infrastructure development programmes which typically focus on expanding network coverage (SDG 6.1) alone. The successful intervention is hinged on VEI's international track record, and PDAM's commitment to performance improvement. VEI training and coaching focused on strengthening the NRW management organisation, working processes, and skills to conduct top-down assessments by quantifying NRW components with historical data, localize leaks with live flow/pressure data, and pinpoint/repair leaks through active leak detection. PDAM staff demonstrated a steep learning curve by spearheading the establishment of a dedicated NRW department and sharpening its leak detection procedures to reduce NRW levels from 39 to 26% in 5 months in the pilot area. The evaluated business case revealed that the relatively small investment (USD 60.000) was recovered within 1.2 years.
Biofilms on urban aquatic plastic pollution as a reservoir for pathogenic yeasts
Authors: Baker Tyla , Bester Armand , Sebolai Olihile , Albertyn Jacobus , Pohl Carolina 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Pollution of aquatic environments is a concern and poses a health risk to aquatic and terrestrial life. Plastic pollutants act as surfaces to which microorganisms adhere, forming a community known as the plastisphere. Studies investigating the bacterial diversity of the plastisphere are plentiful, but less is known about the fungal communities, especially yeasts, within these biofilms. Given the increasingly recognised threat of yeast infections, it is important to investigate the environmental presence of potential pathogenic yeasts on possible vehicles that may contribute to their distribution. In this study, the fungal diversity of the plastisphere of various types of plastic polymers collected from an urban freshwater source was analysed, and possibly pathogenic yeast strains were identified. Isolates were also tested for susceptibility to the antifungal, fluconazole. Microscopy sheds light on the overall diversity found in the plastisphere, while metagenomic data revealed that fungal plastisphere communities are dominated by the phylum Ascomycota. Both metagenomic and culture-dependant analysis revealed the presence of possibly pathogenic yeast in the genera Candida (some with low fluconazole susceptibility) and Exophiala. This highlights the possibility that the plastisphere may harbour pathogenic yeasts and could contribute to their distribution in the environment and transmission between the environment and humans.
Testing of various membranes for removal of chemical oxygen demand in real fresh human urine using a cross-flow filtration system
Authors: Isik Zelal , Dizge Nadir 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Urine is primarily composed of water (about 95%), with urea (around 2%), creatinine (approximately 0.1%), uric acid (about 0.03%), and various ions. Although human urine constitutes 1% of the volume of domestic wastewater, it contains significant amounts of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (∼10%). This study focused on the elimination of COD in urine using a cross-flow filtration system and testing the effectiveness of various membranes (microfiltration (MCE01), ultrafiltration (UP005 and UP010), and nanofiltration (NP010 and NF270)). The steady-state flux of the NF270 membrane increased from 10.8 to 23.9 L/m2/h as the pressure increased from 10 to 25 bar. A significant COD removal efficiency was obtained for the NF270 membrane at an operating pressure of 25 bar. COD concentration decreased from 7,392 to 1,270 mg/L with 82.8% rejection. In contrast, none of the membranes performed well in terms of urea removal efficiency. According to the findings, urea concentration decreased from 6,712 to 6,043 mg/L with 9.9% rejection. Moreover, ion contents (calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), ammonium (NH4+), phosphate (PO43−), sulfate (SO42−), and chloride (Cl−)) of the membrane permeates were also measured.
Integrated treatment of black wastewater using sedimentation, constructed wetland, and nanoparticles coagulation
Authors: Abdel-Shafy Hussein I. , Mansour Mona , El-Khateeb Mohamed A. , Deng Yang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present investigation was to achieve an efficient treatment for black wastewater for non-restricted reuse. The treatment included sedimentation followed by horizontal flow constructed wetland (HF-CW), and finally chemical coagulation using magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. For the wetland, the average organic loading rate (OLR) was 42.83 biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)/m2day and 71.30 g chemical oxygen demand (COD)/m2 day, while average surface loading rate was 0.185 m3/m2 day. The obtained results revealed that removal percentage of COD, BOD, and total suspended solids (TSS) by sedimentation followed by processing through wetlands was 80.3, 81.6, and 80%, which corresponds to 76, 42.56, and 54 mg/l, respectively. When magnetite nanoparticles were added to the HF-CW effluent at the optimum dose of 25 mg/l in combination with 10 mg/l FeCl3, the overall removal rate increased to reach 95.9, 99.1, 99.17, 92.3, 94.3, 94.3, and 91.3% for turbidity, COD, BOD, TSS, phosphate (PO4), total nitrogen (TN), and sulfide, respectively. The corresponding residual concentrations were 5 NTU, 8, 5, 18 according to table 3, 0.07, 1, and 1.04 mg/l, respectively. According to the national and international regulations, the present final treated effluent can be safely reused as a non-restricted source for agriculture purposes. The overall results revealed that the implemented study is simple, efficient, reliable, and economical, particularly for remote areas, according to the non-restricted reuse requirements.
Multimodal Data-driven Segmentation of Bone Metastasis Lesions in SPECT Bone Scans using Deep Learning
Authors: Ma Xiaoqiang , Lin Qiang , Guo Sihan , He Yang , Zeng Xianwu , Song Yaqiong , Cao Yongchun , Man Zhengxing , Liu Caihong , Huang Xiaodi 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Patients with malignant tumors often develop bone metastases. SPECT bone scintigraphy is an effective tool for surveying bone metastases due to
its high sensitivity, low-cost equipment, and radiopharmaceutical. However, the low spatial resolution of SPECT scans significantly hinders
manual analysis by nuclear medicine physicians. Deep learning, a promising technique for automated image analysis, can extract hierarchal
patterns from images without human intervention.

Objective:
To enhance the performance of deep learning-based segmentation models, we integrate textual data from diagnostic reports with SPECT bone
scans, aiming to develop an automated analysis method that outperforms purely unimodal data-driven segmentation models.

Methods:
We propose a dual-path segmentation framework to extract features from bone scan images and diagnostic reports separately. In the first path, an
encoder-decoder network is employed to learn hierarchical representations of features from SPECT bone scan images. In the second path, the
Chinese version of the MacBERT model is utilized to develop a text encoder for extracting features from diagnostic reports. The extracted textual
features are then fused with image features during the decoding stage in the first path, enhancing the overall segmentation performance.

Results:
Experimental evaluation conducted on real-world clinical data demonstrated the superior performance of the proposed segmentation model. Our
model achieved a 0.0209 increase in the DSC (Dice Similarity Coefficient) score compared to the well-known U-Net model.

Conclusions:
The proposed multimodal data-driven method effectively identifies and isolates metastasis lesions in SPECT bone scans, outperforming existing
classical deep learning models. This study demonstrates the value of incorporating textual data in the deep learning-based segmentation of lowresolution
SPECT bone scans.
Hubungan Karakteristik Anak Peternak Dengan Persepsinya Terhadap Regenerasi Beternak Sapi Perah
Authors: Risyana Rifa Maghfira 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga Februari 2020 di kelompok peternak Putrasaluyu, Desa Mekarbakti Kecamatan Pamulihan Kabupaten Sumedang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui: 1) Karakteristik anak peternak sapi perah; 2) Persepsi anak peternak terhadap regenerasi beternak sapi perah; 3) Hubungan antara karakteristik anak peternak dengan persepsinya terhadap regenerasi usaha beternak sapi perah. Metode penelitian ini adalah survei dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang anak peternak yang ditentukan dengan cara sensus. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi Rank Spearman (rs). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Karakteristik anak peternak sapi perah sebagian besar berumur 22 – 30 tahun, tingkat pendidikan formal termasuk kategori sedang (Pendidikan Menengah/SMA), pendidikan nonformal termasuk kategori rendah, pengalaman termasuk kategori tinggi (≥ 6 tahun) dan skala kepemilikan ternak sapi perah orang tuanya termasuk kategori sedang (4 – 6 ekor satuan ternak); 2) Persepsi anak peternak terhadap regenerasi usaha beternak sapi perah termasuk dalam kategori tinggi (63,33%); 3) Karakteristik anak peternak yang memiliki hubungan nyata dengan persepsi adalah pendidikan nonformal dan pengalaman beternak dengan koefisien korelasi Rank Spearman (rs) berturut-turut adalah 0,570 dan 0,653.
Pengaruh Faktor Sosial Ekonomi terhadap Status Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga Peternak Domba di Perdesaan
Authors: Anggraeni Sherly Novianti 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap status kemiskinan pada rumah tangga peternak domba yang berprofesi sebagai buruh tani. Riset menggunakan metode survei, dengan lokasi di Desa Pulosari, Kecamatan Kalapanunggal, Kabupaten Sukabumi yang ditentukan secara purposive. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 66 rumah tangga ditentukan dengan cara Simple Random Sampling. Analisis data menggunakan model regresi logistik biner, dengan variabel bebas terdiri dari : Umur Kepala Keluarga; Tingkat Pendidikan; Jumlah Anggota Keluarga; Total Lahan Garapan; Akses Terhadap Kredit; Status Kepemilikan Domba; dan Skala Usahaternak Domba. Sedangkan variabel terikatnya adalah Status Kemiskinan Rumah Tangga Buruh Tani. Hasil analisis mendapatkan model yang dibangun mempunyai ketepatan klasifikasi objek secara benar sebesar 74,2% dan model cocok untuk menjelaskan hubungan status kemiskinan dengan variabel sosial ekonominya (P-value ≤0,05). Variabel tingkat pendidikan, total lahan garapan dan skala usahaternak domba berpengaruh signifikan terhadap status kemiskinan. Makin baik akses rumah tangga buruh tani terhadap aset tersebut, makin besar peluang rumah tangga tersebut menjadi tidak miskin. Usahaternak domba pada rumah tangga buruh tani dapat dijadikan sebagai pintu masuk untuk pengentasan kemiskinan perdesaan, dengan cara meningkatkan skala usaha untuk tiap unit pemeliharanya.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Permintaan Ayam Kampung di Pasar Singaparna Kabupaten Tasikmalaya
Authors: Putri Ayi Laini , Firmansyah Cecep , Kuswaryan Sondi 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian yang berjudul “Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Berpengaruh terhadap Permintaan Ayam Kampung di Pasar Singaparna Kabupaten Tasikmalaya” telah dilaksanakan pada Bulan Maret 2021. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis profil konsumen dan faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan ayam kampung di Pasar Singaparna. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survey, lokasi penelitian ditentukan secara purposive, dan pengambilan sampel sebanyak 60 orang menggunakan metode insidental sampling. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik wawancara dengan mengguakan kuesioner. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa: (a) Konsumen ayam kampung di Pasar Singaparna merupakan konsumen perantara dan konsumen akhir, serta tergolong kelas ekonomi menengah ke atas. (b) Variabel harga ayam, pendapatan, jumlah anggota keluarga, umur dan tingkat pendidikan secara simultan berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah permintaan ayam kampung, Sedangkan secara parsial hanya faktor pendapatan, umur dan tingkat pendidikan berpengaruh nyata terhadap jumlah permintaan ayam kampung di Pasar Singaparna
Voluntary head dunk: cooperative care for irrigating canine noses and eyes and rapid cooling
Authors: Otto Cynthia M. , Heyer Alena , Berkowitz Vicki 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the methods to teach dogs to voluntarily immerse (dunk) their head in a container of water, and to identify the 3 indications for voluntary head dunk: to clear a dog’s nostrils of dust/debris, flush a dog’s eyes, and cool a dog after exercise.

ANIMALS
Dogs.

METHODS
With the use of cooperative care and positive reinforcement training, the dog is taught to retrieve a toy or treat from a bucket or large container. Clean, room temperature water is added stepwise until the dog is comfortable immersing its nose and blowing bubbles or immersing its head to retrieve the toy or treat. The training may require minutes, weeks, or months, depending on the dog’s motivation.

RESULTS
Voluntary head dunk can remove dust and debris from the nasal passages and eyes and can facilitate cooling, especially after exercise. Positive reinforcement creates a cooperative environment in which first aid can be effectively administered. Contraindications include treatment of heat stroke, persistent or serious nasal or ocular discharge, or dogs that are uncomfortable or unable to dunk their heads.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Pet owners and handlers of working dogs or canine athletes can teach their dogs to head dunk and implement this first aid technique for exercise-related cooling or ocular/nasal flush, even in environments with limited resources. Some dogs may be rapidly trained in the veterinary environment as an initial approach to a nasal or ocular flush. Cooperative care provides an effective intervention that preserves and enhances the human-animal bond.
Strategic Leadership and Motivation: Exploring Cognitive Theories and GRIT Traits
Authors: Bilić Irena 
Published: September 2024

Summary
During the 20th century, significant investments were made in the improvement of individuals who would manage change, plan and solve problems well. The development of corporate leaders is becoming one of the priorities, as well as creating individuals who will know how to create and convey the vision and strategy of the company. In this process, it is crucial to select individuals to whom motivational models can be applied and to locate GRIT personality traits. Numerous theorists throughout history have been researching the concept of motivation, defining it and discovering the factors that motivate individuals. The study of motivation encompasses a wide range of assumptions, hypotheses, theories, findings, and areas of application. Understanding them helps the company and managers to understand themselves and others in the workplace better, all with the aim of increasing the chances of success in an individual’s career as well as raising the level of success of the company. Different theories try to explain the overall motivation, theoretical questions or motivational problems, and tendencies that concern a certain group of people. We live in times when organisations are under great pressure to reduce costs, improve the quality of products and services, find new opportunities for growth, and increase work efficiency. In this paper, we will consider cognitive theories of motivation and the factors that could be positive and relevant to the success of companies and managers. At the same time, we discuss theories of motivation, such as Weiner’s Attribution Theory, Locke’s Goal Theory, and Vroom’s VIE Model. Before presenting these theories, the theoretical framework of research on motivational dimensions is considered. We also emphasise the GRIT model of traits that we believe are applicable in the development of an individual’s career and in raising success at the individual and corporate levels.