bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sudden Hearing Loss Treated With Hyperbaric Oxygen (HBO) – Case Study
Authors: Fal Michał , Piechocki Jacek , Morawska-Kochman Monika , Michałkiewicz Maria , Kręcicki Tomasz 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The article presents a case study of a 32-year-old patient admitted to the Mazowia Hyperbaric Therapy Centre due to a sudden loss of hearing. In an interview the patient reported an abrupt hearing deterioration in his right ear and the feeling of congestion in the left ear with bilateral tinnitus present for over 2 months. The patient was qualified to undergo hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO). After 15 treatment sessions in a pressure chamber a noticeable improvement of hearing in his right-ear was noted (proved by pure tone audiometry) and subjective hearing upswing in his left ear.
The bibliography includes the articles and references concerning the time limits of HBO therapy and its effectiveness in the treatment of sudden deafness.
Factor XII – A Limitation for Divers?
Authors: Radziwon Piotr , Olszański Romuald , Korsak Jolanta , Siermontowski Piotr 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The lack of evidence for the tissue-factor dependent activation of the coagulation system and the release of thrombin on one hand, and a decreased concentration of factor XII after short term air, saturated air and heliox exposures, as well as an increased concentration of the plasmin-antiplasmin complex (PAP) after short dives indicate that diving and decompression possibly affect fibrinolysis. The aim of our research was to verify the assumption that diving and decompression activate the system of fibrinolysis and the clarification of the pathomechanism of this activation.
The study involved 50 healthy volunteers who were subjected to short-term, air hyperbaric exposures at 400 kPa and 700 kPa, which correspond to 30m and 60m dives. Decompression was applied in accordance with Naval tables of decompression. Before hyperbaric exposition and after decompression the following factors were determined: activity of factor XII, concentration and activity of t-PA, concentration and activity of PAI-1, concentration of alpha2- antiplasmin, concentration of PAP, concentration of neutrophil elastase.
The following observations have been made: a statistically significant increase in the factor XII activity, increase in the PAP complex concentration and a simultaneous significant decline in the α2-AP activity. No measurable t-PA activity or significant changes in t-PA concentration have been observed. In addition, a statistically significant decline in both the activity and concentration of PAI-1 has been observed, which was more pronounced after the expositions that corresponded to 60 m dives. The concentrations of granulocyte elastase did not differ significantly before and after decompression.
Conclusions: People qualified for diving should have the following risk factors examined: risk factors of increased fibrynolytic activity - haemostasis abnormalities that increase the risk of haemorrhage, possibility of parietal blood clots/thrombi.
Triangular 3D Laser Scanning in Underwater Photogrammetry
Authors: Wojtowicz Aleksander , Stolarczyk Konrad 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The use of triangular 3D laser scanning may significantly enhance the visual inspection of underwater objects. In these days of high demand for accurate information, exclusively photographic documentation is not enough, as it is geometrically flawed.
The authors of this article are trying to present the rudiments of laser scanning, a modern means of measuring, which is reliable, relatively easy to use and works in accordance with basic good measurement practices. With the use of a laser beam, a point model of the measured object is generated with a resolution that is adapted to the requirements. A well performed scan will cover the entire surface of the measured object with no information gaps, as is often the case with photographic documentation which focuses solely on key details. Photographic documentation is now already being replaced by Structure from Motion technology, the latter being an alternative to laser scanning, which creates a textured 3D model from the collection of photographs of the object with similar accuracy, but with more time required.
The Analysis the Emergency Protection of Water Reservoirs in Olsztyn
Authors: Wiesner Wojciech , Kowalewski Bogusław 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Within the administrative boundaries of Olsztyn, there are 16 lakes and several artificial swimming facilities. They provide attractive conditions for water recreation and water sports. But are these conditions completely safe?
The aim of the study is to get familiar with the safety conditions of water reservoirs in Olsztyn in terms of opportunities for water recreation. In order to solve the addressed problem, the analysis of source materials has been performed, the field research has been conducted and the survey has been applied.
The outcome of the research includes the description of the recreational value of these water reservoirs, the identification of potential threats (internal and external) and the evaluation of logistic and emergency protection.
Autophagy - Adaptive Molecular Mechanisms in Condition of Starvation
Authors: Pedrycz Agnieszka , Tomasiak Małgorzata , Cichacz Beata 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Autophagy is an extremely old process during which long-lived proteins and cellular organelles are removed by means of lysosomes. Autophagy may be caused by cellular stress mechanisms. Research has proven that autophagy plays a key role in obtaining nutrients and adapting to the conditions of starvation. Owing to this, it takes part in maintaining homeostasis in cytoplasm and cell nucleus. This objective may be achieved through a number of ways. Depending on the manner in which a substrate connects with the lysosome, we can talk about macroautophagy and microautophagy. Additionally, some authors also distinguish a chaperone-mediated autophagy. The article presented below describes molecular mechanisms of each type of autophagy and focuses particularly on macroautophagy, which is the best understood of all the autophagy types.
Effect of cross-linking on rheological properties and a model for flexibility-rigidity transition in SBS/PBMA LIPNs
Authors: Ma Yanqing , He Fajun , Wang Heyun , Liu Huan , Wei Zhong 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
A series of latex interpenetrating polymer networks (LIPNs) with various cross-linking levels were prepared with polystyrene-polybutadiene-polystyrene (SBS) and butyl methacrylate (BMA) by emulsion polymerization. The gel content of the resultant latex particles ranged from 13.2% to 90.8%, with the amount of cross-linking agent increased. The structural, thermal and rheological properties of the latex particles were investigated by laser particle analysis, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, gel permeation chromatography, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and torque rheometry. Furthermore, in order to study the effect of gel content on the flow properties, a model is shown to predict the existence of a flexibility-rigidity transition of SBS/PBMA LIPNs as the amount of cross-linking agent increased. Torque data were interpreted in terms of shear rate, shear stress and viscosity. The relationship between gel content of SBS/PBMA LIPNs and polyvinyl chloride compositions and their effect on plasticization performance were determined, and the predictions of the model have good agreement with their flexibility-rigidity transition.
Impact of the Economic Crisis on FDI in Central and Eastern Europe
Authors: Dornean Adina , Oanea Dumitru-Cristian 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Few studies have investigated the relationship between the 2008 global financial and economic crisis and foreign direct investments (FDI) flows. This paper aims to analyze empirically this relationship for Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries. The crisis had a major impact on capital flows to the region, although the magnitude of the impact differed notably, depending on specific characteristics of the host country. In order to highlight this, we use a multivariate regression model based on dynamic panel data methodology, which will help us in analyzing also the significant factors affecting the evolution of FDI in the CEE countries during the period 2000-2013.
Impact of the IFRS Adoption on Financial Assets and Liabilities. Empirical Evidence from Bucharest Stock Exchange
Authors: Huian Maria Carmen 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study the impact of the transition to IFRS on financial assets and liabilities reported by non-financial companies listed on the Bucharest Stock Exchange. It uses data from the individual financial statements for the comparative year 2011, prepared under both Romanian accounting standards (RAS) and IFRS. Through a set of financial ratios involving information from balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement, we study how the IFRS adoption affected financial assets and liabilities. We also test the empirical correlation between profitability (measured by ROE) and financial assets/ liabilities before and after the transition to IFRS. We find that financial instruments are very little affected by the change in the accounting system. However, the association between ROE and financial assets/ liabilities is of greater intensity for the IFRS data.
Improving Graduates' Employability in It Field. The Case of Accounting and Information Systems Study Program
Authors: Hurbean Luminiţa , Păvăloaia Vasile Daniel , Fotache Doina 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The studies published in 2015 analyzing the need for human resource in Iasi IT market (the most representative market for the North-East of Romania) conclude that the demand for specialists exceeds by far the number of graduates from faculties which train IT specialists. Nationwide, within the FEBA2, the employment rate for the students that complete the Economic Informatics undergraduate program and different master programs that specialize students in BIS3 is approximately 95%. We strongly believe that the students graduating the program AIS4 could get a higher employability in the IT area and appropriate improvement measures would beneficially contribute to a higher rate of employability, but also to the diversification of their professional horizon and their adjustment to the IT field requirements for professional accountants nowadays. The research also attempts to determine the profile of AIS graduates and their compatibility with IT related positions in the labour market and graduates' employability in terms of knowledge, skills and attributes relevant to the employers' needs.
Employment Dynamics in Romania After the Crisis. A Global Value Chains Perspective
Authors: Mărginean Silvia 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
After the 2008-2009 crisis, the challenge of understanding the mechanisms and structure of the world economy has begun to generate different approaches of economic globalization. This article uses Global Value Chain framework to examine the impact of the crisis on sectorial employment for six selected industries from Romania (Basic Metals and Fabricated Metal, Electrical and Optical Equipment, Transport Equipment, Machinery, Textiles and Textile Products, Chemicals and Chemical Products). With more than 70% of Romanian exports, and almost 14% of the employees these were the main real transmission channels for the crisis, other than financial markets. The study found that dynamic of the employment in these sectors has a different pattern than the national one. Employment in the sectors which are parts of Global Value Chains was very sensitive to global crisis: the average number of employees dropped by 15% in 2009 (comparing to 10% - the percentage for the whole economy) but they didn’t follow the national recovery trend (in 2013 the total number of employees increased by more than 11% in Romania but the numbers stayed almost the same in the six selected industries). These findings suggest that Romania need to understand the specificity of these trends and to use the right policy tools in order to achieve economic growth and development through participation in Global Value Chains.
Leaders – Their Impact on Others
Authors: Văcar Anca 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Nowadays, the increased interest and attention that leadership receives from organizations worldwide, is obvious. Perhaps one of the reasons is that people search for models to be followed and this thing means that the leaders have to assume risks. They have to take a step forward, thus guiding their followers and upholders. And, above all, leaders make their upholders to want the accomplishment of the targets, rather than using authority and persuading their upholders through coercive measures in order to obtain such results.
Application ofq-Space Diffusion MRI for the Visualization of White Matter
Authors: Fujiyoshi Kanehiro , Hikishima Keigo , Nakahara Jin , Tsuji Osahiko , Hata Junichi , Konomi Tsunehiko , Nagai Toshihiro , Shibata Shinsuke , Kaneko Shinjiro , Iwanami Akio , Momoshima Suketaka , Takahashi Shinichi , Jinzaki Masahiro , Suzuki Norihiro , Toyama Yoshiaki , Nakamura Masaya , Okano Hideyuki 
Published: March 2016

White matter abnormalities in the CNS have been reported recently in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Quantitation of non-Gaussianity for water diffusion byq-space diffusional MRI (QSI) renders biological diffusion barriers such as myelin sheaths; however, the time-consuming nature of this method hinders its clinical application. In the current study, we aimed to refine QSI protocols to enable their clinical application and to visualize myelin signals in a clinical setting. For this purpose, animal studies were first performed to optimize the acquisition protocol of a non-Gaussian QSI metric. The heat map of standardized kurtosis values derived from optimal QSI (myelin map) was then created. Histological validation of the myelin map was performed in myelin-deficient mice and in a nonhuman primate by monitoring its variation during demyelination and remyelination after chemical spinal cord injury. The results demonstrated that it was sensitive enough to depict dysmyelination, demyelination, and remyelination in animal models. Finally, its utility in clinical practice was assessed by a pilot clinical study in a selected group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The human myelin map could be obtained within 10 min with a 3 T MR scanner. Use of the myelin map was practical for visualizing white matter and it sensitively detected reappearance of myelin signals after demyelination, possibly reflecting remyelination in MS patients. Our results together suggest that the myelin map, a kurtosis-related heat map obtainable with time-saving QSI, may be a novel and clinically useful means of visualizing myelin in the human CNS.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMyelin abnormalities in the CNS have been gaining increasing attention in various neurological and psychiatric diseases. However, appropriate methods with which to monitor CNS myelin in daily clinical practice have been lacking. In the current study, we introduced a novel MRI modality that produces the “myelin map.” The myelin map accurately depicted myelin status in mice and nonhuman primates and in a pilot clinical study of multiple sclerosis patients, suggesting that it is useful in detecting possibly remyelinated lesions. A myelin map of the human brain could be obtained in <10 min using a 3 T scanner and it therefore promises to be a powerful tool for researchers and clinicians examining myelin-related diseases.
Connectivity Profiles Reveal a Transition Subarea in the Parahippocampal Region That Integrates the Anterior Temporal–Posterior Medial Systems
Authors: Zhuo Junjie , Fan Lingzhong , Liu Yong , Zhang Yuanchao , Yu Chunshui , Jiang Tianzi 
Published: March 2016

Traditional anatomical studies of the parahippocampal region (PHR) defined the lateral portion into two subregions, the perirhinal (PRC) and parahippocampal (PHC) cortices. Based on this organization, several models suggested that the PRC and the PHC play different roles in memory through connections with different memory-related brain networks. To identify the key components of the human PHR, we used a well accepted connection-based parcellation method on two independent datasets. Our parcellation divided the PRC and PHC into three subregions, specifically, the rostral PRC, caudal PRC (PRCc), and PHC. The connectivity profile for each subregion showed that the rostral PRC was connected to the anterior temporal (AT) system and the PHC was connected to the posterior medial (PM) system. The transition area (PRCc) integrated the AT-PM systems. These results suggest that the lateral PHR not only contains functionally segregated subregions, but also contains a functionally integrated subregion.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTWe redefined the cartography of the human parahippocampal region (PHR) and identified a transition subarea based on distinct anatomical and functional connectivity profiles. This well defined anatomical organization of the PHR is necessary for expanding our understanding and studying the functional relevance of its subregions in recognition memory. We found that the transition subregion [caudal perirhinal cortex (PRCc)] is a functionally integrated subregion that integrates the anterior temporal (AT)–posterior medial (PM) systems. In addition, we found that the core components of the AT and PM systems connect with the PHR in the rostral PRC and parahippocampal cortex (PHC), respectively, rather than connecting with the traditional, larger, and thus less concise PRC and PHC areas. This may lead to new insights into the human memory system and related neurodegenerative diseases.
Neuroinflammatory Dynamics Underlie Memory Impairments after Repeated Social Defeat
Authors: McKim Daniel B. , Niraula Anzela , Tarr Andrew J. , Wohleb Eric S. , Sheridan John F. , Godbout Jonathan P. 
Published: March 2016

Repeated social defeat (RSD) is a murine stressor that recapitulates key physiological, immunological, and behavioral alterations observed in humans exposed to chronic psychosocial stress. Psychosocial stress promotes prolonged behavioral adaptations that are associated with neuroinflammatory signaling and impaired neuroplasticity. Here, we show that RSD promoted hippocampal neuroinflammatory activation that was characterized by proinflammatory gene expression and by microglia activation and monocyte trafficking that was particularly pronounced within the caudal extent of the hippocampus. Because the hippocampus is a key area involved in neuroplasticity, behavior, and cognition, we hypothesize that stress-induced neuroinflammation impairs hippocampal neurogenesis and promotes cognitive and affective behavioral deficits. We show here that RSD caused transient impairments in spatial memory recall that resolved within 28 d. In assessment of neurogenesis, the number of proliferating neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and the number of young, developing neurons were not affected initially after RSD. Nonetheless, the neuronal differentiation of NPCs that proliferated during RSD was significantly impaired when examined 10 and 28 d later. In addition, social avoidance, a measure of depressive-like behavior associated with caudal hippocampal circuitry, persisted 28 d after RSD. Treatment with minocycline during RSD prevented both microglia activation and monocyte recruitment. Inhibition of this neuroinflammatory activation in turn prevented impairments in spatial memory after RSD but did not prevent deficits in neurogenesis nor did it prevent the persistence of social avoidance behavior. These findings show that neuroinflammatory activation after psychosocial stress impairs spatial memory performance independent of deficits in neurogenesis and social avoidance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRepeated exposure to stress alters the homeostatic environment of the brain, giving rise to various cognitive and mood disorders that impair everyday functioning and overall quality of life. The brain, previously thought of as an immune-privileged organ, is now known to communicate extensively with the peripheral immune system. This brain–body communication plays a significant role in various stress-induced inflammatory conditions, also characterized by psychological impairments. Findings from this study implicate neuroimmune activation rather than impaired neurogenesis in stress-induced cognitive deficits. This idea opens up possibilities for novel immune interventions in the treatment of cognitive and mood disturbances, while also adding to the complexity surrounding the functional implications of adult neurogenesis.
A Molecular Determinant of Subtype-Specific Desensitization in Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
Authors: Alsaloum Matthew , Kazi Rashek , Gan Quan , Amin Johansen , Wollmuth Lonnie P. 
Published: March 2016

AMPA and NMDA receptors are glutamate-gated ion channels that mediate fast excitatory synaptic transmission throughout the nervous system. In the continual presence of glutamate, AMPA and NMDA receptors containing the GluN2A or GluN2B subunit enter into a nonconducting, desensitized state that can impact synaptic responses and glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. The process of desensitization is dramatically different between subtypes, but the basis for these differences is unknown. We generated an extensive sequence alignment of ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) from diverse animal phyla and identified a highly conserved motif, which we termed the “hydrophobic box,” located at the extracellular interface of transmembrane helices. A single position in the hydrophobic box differed between mammalian AMPA and NMDA receptors. Surprisingly, we find that an NMDAR-to-AMPAR exchange mutation at this position in the rat GluN2A or GluN2B subunit had a dramatic and highly specific effect on NMDAR desensitization, making it AMPAR-like. In contrast, a reverse exchange mutation in AMPARs had minimal effects on desensitization. These experiments highlight differences in desensitization between iGluR subtypes and the highly specific contribution of the GluN2 subunit to this process.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTRapid communication between cells in the nervous system depends on ion channels that are directly activated by neurotransmitter molecules. Here, we studied ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs), which are ion channels activated by the neurotransmitter glutamate. By comparing the sequences of a vast number of iGluR proteins from diverse animal species, assisted by available structural information, we identified a highly conserved motif. We showed that a single amino acid difference in this motif between mammalian iGluR subtypes has dramatic effects on receptor function. These results have implications in both the evolution of synaptic function, as well as the role of iGluRs in health and disease.