bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
$$\varvec{B_c}$$ to A transition form factors and semileptonic decays in self-consistent covariant light-front approach
Authors: Hazra Avijit , Mary S. Thejus , Sharma Neelesh , Dhir Rohit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe present a comprehensive analysis of the semileptonic weak decays of $$B_c$$

B
c

meson decaying to axial-vector (A) mesons for bottom-conserving and bottom-changing decay modes. We employ self-consistent covariant light-front quark model (CLF QM) that uses type-II correspondence to eliminate inconsistencies in the traditional type-I CLF QM. As a fresh attempt, we test the self-consistency in CLF QM through type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

meson transition form factors. We establish that in type-II correspondence the form factors for longitudinal and transverse polarization states are numerically equal and are free from zero-mode contributions, which confirms the self-consistency of type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

transition form factors. Furthermore, we ascertain that the problems of inconsistency and violation of covariance of CLF QM within the type-I correspondence are resolved in type-II correspondence for $$B_c \rightarrow A$$

B
c

→
A

transitions. We thoroughly investigate the effects of self-consistency between type-I and type-II schemes using a comparative analysis. In this investigation, we employ a direct calculation approach to determine the form factors within the space-like region. Subsequently, we employ a vector meson dominance (VMD)-inspired three-parameter form to extrapolate these form factors into the physically accessible region. This enables us to study the $$q^2$$

q
2

dependence of the form factors in weak hadronic currents for the whole accessible kinematic range for both bottom-conserving as well as bottom-changing transitions. In addition, we extend our analysis to predict the branching ratios of the semileptonic weak decays of $$B_c$$

B
c

meson involving axial-vector meson in the final state to quantify the effects of self-consistency in these decays that were not studied before. We evaluate the lepton mass effect on these branching ratios and various other important physical observables, such as forward-backward asymmetries, lepton-side convexity parameter, asymmetry parameter, and longitudinal polarization asymmetries and fractions. Finally, we obtain the lepton flavor universality ratios for various decays.
Equivalence of regular spinor fields
Authors: Lee Cheng-Yang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn the Lounesto classification, there are three types of regular spinors. They are classified by the condition that at least one of the scalar or pseudo scalar norms are non-vanishing. The Dirac spinors are regular spinors because their scalar and pseudo scalar norms are non-zero and zero respectively. We construct local and Lorentz-covariant fermionic fields from all three classes of regular spinors. By computing the invariants and bilinear covariants of the regular spinor fields, we show that they are physically equivalent to the Dirac fields in the sense that whatever interactions one writes down using the regular spinor fields, they can always be expressed in terms of the Dirac fields.
APC and ZBTB2 May Mediate M2 Macrophage Infiltration to Promote the Development of Renal Fibrosis: A Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Song Jianling , Ke Ben , Fang Xiangdong 
Published: September 2024

Background and Purpose: The continuous accumulation of M2 macrophages may potentially contribute to the development of kidney fibrosis in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to analyze the infiltration of M2 macrophages in uremic patients and to seek new strategies to slow down the progression of renal fibrosis.Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search for expression data pertaining to uremic samples within the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, encompassing the time frame from 2010 to 2022. Control and uremic differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Immune cell infiltration was investigated by CIBERSORT and modules associated with M2 macrophage infiltration were identified by weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA). Consistent genes were identified using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and selection and visualization of the most relevant features (SVM‐RFE) methods to search for overlapping genes. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were examined for the diagnostic value of candidate genes. Quantitative real‐time PCR (qPCR) examined the expression levels of candidate genes obtained from uremic patients in M2 macrophage.Results: A total of 1298 DEGs were identified within the GSE37171 dataset. Significant enrichment of DEGs was observed in 20 biological processes (BP), 19 cellular components (CC), 6 molecular functions (MF), and 70 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. CIBERSORT analysis observed a significant increase in B‐cell memory, dendritic cell activation, M0, M1, M2, and plasma cell numbers in uremic samples. We identified the 10 most interrelated genes. In particular, adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and zinc finger and BTB structural domain 2 (ZBTB2) were adversely associated with the infiltration of M2 macrophages. Importantly, the expression levels of APC and ZBTB2 were far lower in M2 macrophages from uremic patients than those in healthy individuals.Conclusion: The development of renal fibrosis may be the result of M2 macrophage infiltration promoted by APC and ZBTB2.
СИТУАЦІЙНИЙ АНАЛІЗ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ РЕГІОНАЛЬНОЇ АПТЕЧНОЇ МЕРЕЖІ В УМОВАХ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ АГРЕСІЇ ПРОТИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Hromovyk B. P. , Broda O. Ya. , Korniyenko O. M. , Levytska O. R. , Chukhray I. L. , Isakov O. Yu. 
Published: September 2024

Мета роботи. Дослідженні стану та перспектив діяльності регіональної аптечної мережі (АМ) в умовах російської агресії проти України (на прикладі мережі аптек «Аптека Пульс»).
Матеріали і методи. Предметом дослідження була діяльність АМ «Аптека Пульс», яка станом на 01.03.2024 р. налічувала 114 аптечних закладів у Львові та Львівській області, один – у Тернопільській області. Використано методи: спостереження, анкетного опитування, математичної статистики, мозкового штурму, комплексного TOWS-аналізу, порівняння та узагальнення.
Результати й обговорення. Шляхом якісного TOWS-аналізу сформовано та обґрунтовано сукупність з 54 чинників, які мають чи можуть мати вплив на стан і перспективи діяльності АМ «Аптека Пульс». На підставі кількісного TOWS-аналізу, участь в якому взяли 43 фармацевтичні фахівці (ФФ) АМ «Аптека Пульс», з’ясовано, що серед 15 загроз високі бали отримало зниження платоспроможності населення, повномасштабна російська агресія проти України, монополізація роздрібного фармацевтичного ринку п’ятьма компаніями та знецінення фармацевтичного фаху, серед 12 можливостей – високий попит на фармацевтичні послуги, внесення урядом фармацевтичної промисловості до переліку пріоритетних галузей економіки та програма державних гарантій медичного обслуговування населення, серед 11 слабких сторін – рівень заробітної плати ФФ не має відчутної різниці порівняно з іншими АМ, зростання робочого навантаження на ФФ АМ через їх нестачу та недостатньо конкурентна цінова політика, серед 16 сильних сторін – своєчасна виплата заробітної плати, оплата відпусток та листів тимчасової непрацездатності, зручне розташування аптечних закладів, ширина та глибина асортименту, участь АМ в урядовій програмі «Доступні ліки» та налагоджені тривалі зв’язки з постачальниками. Баланс кількісного TOWS-аналізу є позитивним, що вказує на можливість покращення діяльності досліджуваної АМ. За допомогою перехресного аналізу чинників зовнішнього і внутрішнього середовища виявлено ризики, виклики та порівняльні переваги перспектив розвитку АМ «Аптека Пульс».
Висновки. На підставі результатів проведеного ситуаційного аналізу діяльності АМ «Аптека Пульс» з’ясовано, що найбільш ймовірним є реалістичний сценарій її розвитку, який полягає у використанні поєднання тих можливостей та сильних сторін, які швидше за все можуть бути реалізовані, незалежно від змоги реакції з боку загроз і слабких сторін.
Variabilidade da frequência cardíaca, escalas psicométricas e desempenho de saltos em atletas de voleibol: jogos em casa e fora
Authors: Cardoso Ananda Silveira , Berriel Guilherme Pereira , Costa Rochelle Rocha , Gerlach Cleidir Luis , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins 
Published: September 2024

The home advantage is very consolidated in the literature. The aim of this research was to evaluate the behavior of heart rate variability (HRV), perceived recovery status (PRS) and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and vertical jumps performance in professional volleyball athletes in home and away matches. Nine male professional volleyball athletes (25,66 ± 5,7 anos, 97,81 ± 8,65 Kg and 200,94 ± 5,19 cm), with experience in national and international competitions participated in the study. HRV and PRS were evaluated in the morning of the matches. RPE was collected immediately after the matches. Jump performance was monitored during the matches. The data was grouped by home matches and away matches and the t test or Wilcoxon test was performed for comparison. Significance level adopted was α ≤ 0.05. Effect size was analyzed by Cohen’s d coefficient. O nível de significância adotado foi α ≤ 0,05. There were no significant difference in HRV, PRS, RPE, jumps height and number of jumps evaluated in home matches and away matches. We conclude that despite the home advantage consolidated in the literature and possible adverse effects of travel on away matches, the VFC, PRS, RPE and jump performance were similar in the two situations evaluated.
Comprehensive comparative analysis and development of molecular markers for Lasianthus species based on complete chloroplast genome sequences
Authors: Zhang Yue , Song Meifang , Tang Deying , Li Xianjing , Xu Niaojiao , Li Haitao , Qu Lu , Wang Yunqiang , Yin Cuiyun , Zhang Lixia , Zhang Zhonglian 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Lasianthus species are widely used in traditional Chinese folk medicine with high medicinal value. However, source materials and herbarium specimens are often misidentified due to morphological characteristics and commonly used DNA barcode fragments are not sufficient for accurately identifying Lasianthus species. To improve the molecular methods for distinguishing among Lasianthus species, we report the complete chloroplast (CP) genomes of Lasianthus attenuatus, Lasianthus henryi, Lasianthus hookeri, Lasianthus sikkimensis, obtained via high-throughput Illumina sequencing.

Results
These showed CP genomes size of 160164-160246 bp and a typical quadripartite structure, including a large single-copy region (86675–86848 bp), a small single-copy region (17177–17326 bp), and a pair of inverted repeats (28089–28135 bp). As a whole, the gene order, GC content and IR/SC boundary structure were remarkably similar among of the four Lasianthus CP genomes, the partial gene length and IR, LSC and SSC regions length are still different. The average GC content of the CP genomes was 36.71–36.75%, and a total of 129 genes were detected, including 83 different protein-coding genes, 8 different rRNA genes and 38 different tRNA genes. Furthermore, we compared our 4 complete CP genomes data with publicly available CP genome data from six other Lasianthus species, and we initially screened eleven highly variable region fragments were initially screened. We then evaluated the identification efficiency of eleven highly variable region fragments and 5 regular barcode fragments. Ultimately, we found that the optimal combination fragment' ITS2 + psaI-ycf4' could authenticated the Lasianthus species well. Additionally, the results of genome comparison of Rubiaceae species showed that the coding region is more conservative than the non-coding region, and the ycf1 gene shows the most significant variation. Finally, 49 species of CP genome sequences belonging to 16 genera of the Rubiaceae family were used to construct phylogenetic trees.

Conclusions
Our research is the first to analyze the chloroplast genomes of four species of Lasianthus in detail and we ultimately determined that the combination fragment' ITS2 + psaI-ycf4' is the optimal barcode combination for identifying the genus of Lasianthus. Meanwhile, we gathered the available CP genome sequences from the Rubiaceae and used them to construct the most comprehensive phylogenetic tree for the Rubiaceae family. These investigations provide an important reference point for further studies in the species identification, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic analyses of Rubiaceae species.
A latent profile analysis on adolescents' Non-Suicidal Self-Injury related to intrapersonal and interpersonal factors
Authors: Lee Jong-Sun , Kim Sojung , Lee Ji-Hyun , Kim Jae-Won , Yoo Jae Hyun , Han Doug Hyun , Hwang Hyunchan , Choi Chi-Hyun , Seo Dong-Gi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among adolescents continues to be a significant public health concern worldwide. A recent systematic review and meta-analysis found that the global prevalence of NSSI in adolescents aged 12–18 years was 17.2%, with higher rates reported among females (19.7%) than males (14.8%). This behavior has been linked to several negative outcomes, such as depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and suicidal ideation. The present study aimed to classify adolescents based on intrapersonal and interpersonal factors associated with NSSI proposed in Nock’s (2009) integrated model of NSSI, to identify distinct clusters targeting specific risk factors. This encompassed negative cognition, emotional vulnerability, poor coping skill, peer-victimization, family adaptability, and perceived stress. A total of 881 adolescents aged 11–16 years in South Korea completed self-reported questionnaires on automatic thoughts, depression, emotional regulation, peer victimization, family adaptability and perceived stress. Latent profile analysis (LPA) revealed three distinct classes: “the severe group”, “the moderate group”, “the mild group”. Class 3 (“severe group”: N = 127) exhibited greater severity related to NSSI, including negative cognition, emotional vulnerability, poor coping skills, peer victimization, and perceived stress, with weaker levels of factors that can prevent NSSI compared to class 1 (“mild group”: N = 416) and class 2 (“moderated group”: N = 338). The present study emphasizes the importance of considering both intrapersonal (e.g., negative automatic thoughts & emotional dysregulation) and interpersonal factors (i.e., peer victimization) when understanding NSSI - among adolescents. These findings can be utilized to develop interventions aimed at reducing the prevalence and severity of NSSI among adolescents.
Truth unveiled by time and the marbled definition of D2T-RA: retrospective analysis on the persistence of the difficult-to-treat status among refractory RA patients
Authors: Cincinelli Gilberto , Maioli Gabriella , Posio Cristina , Favalli Ennio Giulio , Ingegnoli Francesca , Caporali Roberto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The current EULAR definition of difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T-RA) identifies patients with active disease refractory to multiple treatments at a single time point, without considering the persistence of this condition over time. The study aimed to assess difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T-RA) over 12 months, considering persistence over time rather than a single time point, in a real-life cohort.

Methods
In a single-center real-life cohort, demographic and clinic data were cross-sectionally collected for each patient at baseline and retrospectively over the previous 12 months bimonthly. For each timepoint, the prevalence of D2T-RA patients was calculated, and patients meeting the EULAR definition for at least 6 months were defined as persistent D2T-RA (pD2T-RA). Finally, the clinical characteristics associated with the time-based definition of pD2T-RA were analyzed.

Results
Among 610 adult RA patients, 104 were refractory to ≥ 2 treatments. Initially, 41.3% met D2T-RA criteria, but only 27.9% fulfilled persistent D2T-RA (pD2T-RA) criteria over 6 months. The pD2T-RA group was associated with male gender, higher HAQ and Charlson Comorbidity Index scores, more failed treatments, and use of non-NSAID analgesics. Logistic regression linked pD2T-RA to higher SDAI and CRP values, and the use of glucocorticoids or analgesics. Chronic use of glucocorticoids was strongly associated with pD2T-RA.

Conclusions
The application of a temporal criterion allowed for the selection of a subgroup of pD2T-RA patients who differ from those who meet the definition of D2T-RA only episodically. Chronic use of glucocorticoids was the factor most strongly associated with pD2T-RA status.
Reslice3Dto2D: Introduction of a software tool to reformat 3D volumes into reference 2D slices in cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Viezzer Darian , Fenski Maximilian , Grandy Thomas Hiroshi , Kuhnt Johanna , Hadler Thomas , Lange Steffen , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objective
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance enables the quantification of functional and morphological parameters with an impact on therapeutical decision making. While quantitative assessment is established in 2D, novel 3D techniques lack a standardized approach. Multi-planar-reformatting functionality in available software relies on visual matching location and often lacks necessary functionalities for further post-processing. Therefore, the easy-to-use Reslice3Dto2D software tool was developed as part of another research project to fill this gap and is now introduced with this work.

Results
The Reslice3Dto2D reformats 3D data at the exact location of a reference slice with a two-step-based interpolation in order to reflect in-plane discretization and through-plane slice thickness including a slice profile selection. The tool was successfully validated on an artificial dataset and tested on 119 subjects with different underlying pathologies. The exported reformatted data could be imported into three different post-processing software tools. The quantified image sharpness by the Frequency Domain Image Blur Measure was significantly decreased by around 40% on rectangular slice profiles with 7 mm slice thickness compared to 0 mm due to partial volume effects. Consequently, Reslice3Dto2D enables the quantification of 3D data with conventional post-processing tools as well as the comparison of 3D acquisitions with their established 2D version.
Comparison of kidney and hepatic outcomes among sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors: a retrospective study using multiple propensity scores
Authors: Hiura Kazuya , Suzuki Chinami , Kubo Junichi , Goto Haruka , Takatori Shigo , Ishida Kiyomi , Tanaka Yuki , Mizutani Akifumi , Yamashita Yuki , Kurumazuka Chiho , Takagi Akihiko , Kobayashi Ryu , Shibanami Akio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have been reported to have effects beyond lowering blood glucose levels, with certain SGLT2i expanding their indications to chronic kidney disease and chronic heart failure. We focused on the hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects of six SGLT2i and assessed whether the effects were unique to each drug or common class effects, in addition to whether the renal and hepatoprotective effects vary based on renal and hepatic status.

Methods
Patients with diabetes (ipragliflozin: 837, empagliflozin: 850, canagliflozin: 922, dapagliflozin: 590, tofogliflozin: 288, and luseogliflozin: 193) who initiated SGLT2i treatment and were monitored for one year were included. The propensity score (PS) was calculated using patient backgrounds (age, sex, height, weight, body mass index [BMI], disease duration, concomitant diabetes medications, underlying conditions, glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR], aspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], and triglyceride [TG] levels) as covariates. Additionally, the inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) approach was used to compare liver and renal function test values.

Results
Pre- and 12-month post-treatment comparisons demonstrated a significant reduction in hepatic function (AST and ALT) and an increase in renal function (eCcr and eGFR) for all SGLT2i. Comparison of differences between pre- and 12-month post-treatment using the IPTW approach demonstrated no significant differences in AST, ALT, and eGFR levels between SGLT2i. At 12 months post-treatment, 67 patients were classified as having a more severe CKD than those at pre-treatment, representing only 1.8% of all patients (67/3,680). Similarly, 107 patients with AST and 147 patients with ALT were classified as having progressed to a more severe grade than at pre-treatment, representing only 2.9 and 4.0%, respectively.

Conclusions
Renoprotective and hepatoprotective effects are class effects of SGLT2i, and their effects are thought to be independent of kidney or liver status.
Plasma ceramides as biomarkers for microvascular disease and clinical outcomes in diabetes and myocardial infarction
Authors: Junqueira Debora Leonor , Cavalcanti Alexandre Biasi , Sallum Juliana Maria Ferraz , Yasaki Erika , de Andrade Jesuíno Isabella , Stach Alline , Negrelli Karina , de Oliveira Silva Leila , Lopes Marcela Almeida , Caixeta Adriano , Chan Mark YY , Ching Jianhong , Carvalho Valdemir Malechco , Faccio Andrea Tedesco , Tsutsui Jeane , Rizzatti Edgar , Fonseca Rafael Almeida , Summers Scott , Fonseca Henrique Almeida , Rochitte Carlos Eduardo , Krieger José Eduardo , de Carvalho Leonardo Pinto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Ceramides have recently been identified as novel biomarkers associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE). This study aims to explore their utility in diagnosing microvascular disease.

Methods
This study prospectively enrolled 309 patients from 2018 to 2020 into three groups: healthy controls (Group 1, N = 51), DM patients without acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (Group 2, N = 150), and DM patients with AMI (Group 3, N = 108). We assessed outcomes using stress perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging for coronary microvascular disease (CMD) (Outcome 1), retinography for retinal microvascular disease (RMD) (Outcome 2), both CMD and RMD (Outcome 3), and absence of microvascular disease (w/o MD) (outcome 4). We evaluated the classification performance of ceramides using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and multiple logistic regression. 11-ceramide panel previously identified by our research group as related to macrovascular disease were used.

Results
Average glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values were 5.1% in Group 1, 8.3% in Group 2, and 7.6% in Group 3. Within the cohort, CMD was present in 59.5% of patients, RMD in 25.8%, both CMD and RMD in 18.8%, and w/o MD in 38.5%. The AUC values for the reference ceramide ratios were as follows: CMD at 0.66 (p = 0.012), RMD at 0.61 (p = 0.248), CMD & RMD at 0.64 (p = 0.282), and w/o MD at 0.67 (p = 0.010). In contrast, the AUC values using 11-ceramide panel showed significant improvement in the outcomes prediction: CMD at 0.81 (p = 0.001), RMD at 0.73 (p = 0.010), CMD & RMD at 0.73 (p = 0.04), and w/o MD at 0.83 (p = 0.010). Additionally, the plasma concentration of C14.0 was notably higher in the w/o MD group (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
Plasma ceramides serve as potential predictors for health status and microvascular disease phenotypes in diabetic patients.