bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trading Flexibility for Adoption: From Dynamic to Static Walking in Ride-Sharing
Authors: Yan Julia , Martin Sébastien , Taylor Sean J. 
Published: October 2024

On-demand ride-sharing aims to fulfill riders’ transportation needs whenever and wherever they want. Although this service level appeals to riders, overall system efficiency can improve substantially if riders are willing to be flexible. Here, we explore riders’ flexibility in space via walking to more accessible pickup locations. Ride-sharing platforms have traditionally implemented dynamic walking to optimize rider pickup locations and rider-driver assignment jointly. We propose an alternative that we call static walking, which presents a predetermined pickup location to the rider before optimizing rider-driver assignment. Although dynamic walking enables more efficient matching of riders and drivers, we hypothesize that riders prefer static walking because of the certainty of the pickup location before booking the ride. Using simulations on Lyft data, we show that static walking can capture up to 96% of the value of dynamic walking in congested urban networks at a fixed adoption rate. Furthermore, experimentation on Lyft’s user interface suggests that providing riders with information on pickup location before an opt-in decision can increase walking adoption—to the extent that static walking may outperform dynamic walking overall. More broadly, this study highlights the importance of carefully designing flexibility mechanisms on platforms: a little flexibility goes a long way, especially when flexibility presents a barrier to adoption. This paper was accepted by J. George Shanthikumar, data science. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.03201 .
Artificial intelligence in traumatology
Authors: Breu Rosmarie , Avelar Carolina , Bertalan Zsolt , Grillari Johannes , Redl Heinz , Ljuhar Richard , Quadlbauer Stefan , Hausner Thomas 
Published: October 2024

AimsThe aim of this study was to create artificial intelligence (AI) software with the purpose of providing a second opinion to physicians to support distal radius fracture (DRF) detection, and to compare the accuracy of fracture detection of physicians with and without software support.MethodsThe dataset consisted of 26,121 anonymized anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral standard view radiographs of the wrist, with and without DRF. The convolutional neural network (CNN) model was trained to detect the presence of a DRF by comparing the radiographs containing a fracture to the inconspicuous ones. A total of 11 physicians (six surgeons in training and five hand surgeons) assessed 200 pairs of randomly selected digital radiographs of the wrist (AP and lateral) for the presence of a DRF. The same images were first evaluated without, and then with, the support of the CNN model, and the diagnostic accuracy of the two methods was compared.ResultsAt the time of the study, the CNN model showed an area under the receiver operating curve of 0.97. AI assistance improved the physician’s sensitivity (correct fracture detection) from 80% to 87%, and the specificity (correct fracture exclusion) from 91% to 95%. The overall error rate (combined false positive and false negative) was reduced from 14% without AI to 9% with AI.ConclusionThe use of a CNN model as a second opinion can improve the diagnostic accuracy of DRF detection in the study setting.Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2024;13(10):588–595.
Improving laboratory turnaround times in clinical settings: A systematic review of the impact of lean methodology application
Authors: Cherie Negesse , Berta Dereje Mengesha , Tamir Mebratu , Yiheyis Zufan , Angelo Abiy Ayele , Mekuanint Tarekegn Amare , Chane Elias , Nigus Mesele , Teketelew Bisrat Birke 
Published: October 2024

Background
Lean methodology, originally developed in the manufacturing sector, is a process management philosophy focused on maximizing value by eliminating waste. Its application in laboratory settings, particularly concerning laboratory turnaround times (TAT), involves a systematic approach to identifying inefficiencies and optimizing processes to enhance value for end customers.

Methods
This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO with identification number (CRD42024552350) and reported based on the 2020 PRISMA checklist. An extensive search strategy was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase databases and gray literatures. Advanced searching was used using Boolean operators (AND & OR). After articles were exported to endnote x8, duplications were removed and articles were selected based on titles, abstracts, and full texts. The illegibility of the articles was independently assessed by the three authors (NC, DMB, and BBT), and the disagreements were settled through scientific consensus. Methodological quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal checklist.

Discussion
In this review, electronic databases search yielded 1261 articles, of which 7 met the inclusion criteria. The review demonstrated, implementation of lean principle into the routine laboratory testing had an overall impact 76.1% on reducing laboratory TAT. Transportation, manual data processing, inefficient workflow, and the heavy workload were identified as the main wasteful procedures. To eliminate these non-value-added steps, several intervention techniques were implemented, including the use of a barcoding system, process redesign, workflow optimization, hiring additional staff, and relocating the sample collection room closer to the result distribution center. Lean implementation is crucial in the medical laboratory industry for optimizing processes, reducing TAT, and ultimately enhancing customer satisfaction. As a result, all clinical laboratories should adopt and implement lean principles in their routine testing processes. The medical laboratory industry should also proactively look for and apply lean tools, provide ongoing training, and foster awareness among laboratory staffs.
Green synthesis and physical characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) derived from the methanol extract of Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. (Euphorbiaceae) with enhanced biosafe applications
Authors: Khattak Umbreen , Jan Samin , Ullah Rehman , Haq Tauheed ul , Khan Muhammad Nauman , Iqbal Majid , Kaplan Alevcan , Rehman Abdul , Elsadek Mohamed Farouk , Ajmal Ali Mohammad 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Euphorbia dracunculoides Lam. possesses significant biological potential due to its rich bioactive compounds. To enhance this potential, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized using the methanolic extract of E. dracunculoides, exploiting ZnO NPs’ superior physiochemical properties and bioavailability. The synthesis of ZnO NPs was confirmed through UV–Vis spectroscopy (with an absorption maximum at 368 nm), X-ray diffraction (crystalline nature), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (functional groups involved in Zn²⁺ reduction), scanning electron microscopy (rod-shaped and triangular morphologies, average size 79 nm), and EDX (presence of Zn and O). The ED-ZnO NPs exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity against U87 cells (IC50: 229.51 µg·mL−1) and anti-leishmanial activity against Leishmania tropica promastigotes (IC50: 9.11 µg·mL−1). Additionally, in vivo studies demonstrated significant antihyperlipidemic effects, with decreased cholesterol, triglyceride, and low-density lipoprotein levels, and increased high-density lipoprotein levels. ED-ZnO NPs also normalized alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase, total bilirubin, creatinine, urea, and glucose levels compared to controls. Overall, ED-ZnO NPs effectively enhance the bioactive compounds’ efficacy in treating various disorders.
Thermodynamic modeling of stacking fault energy in Fe–Mn–C austenitic steels
Authors: Yang Xinlong , Lan Peng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
A thermodynamic model to predict the stacking fault energy (SFE) of Fe–Mn and Fe–Mn–C austenite steels based on the two-sublattice method has been developed. The calculated Gibbs free energy change, phase transformation temperature, and SFE are basically coincident with the experiment values. The interfacial energy during face center cubic to hexagonal close packed transformation was determined by a parabolic function of Gibbs free energy change in the concerned systems. The interstitial segregation and the resulting SFE in Fe–Mn–C steels have been clearly revealed. The carbon segregated concentration in the stacking faults is in good agreement with the measured value. Low SFE regions were observed to be located at 12 wt% manganese in the Fe–Mn binary system and at 14 wt% manganese in the Fe–Mn–C ternary system, respectively. The carbon- and manganese-dependent SFE maps were consequentially plotted under different temperatures and grain sizes. For the steels with manganese and carbon range between 10–30 and 0–1.2 wt%, the SFE increases monotonously with temperature increasing. The SFE of Fe–Mn–C steels decreases as grain size increases from 1 to 70 μm. However, for the alloys with more coarse-grained structures, the SFE sensitivity to grain size was not obvious.
Social Capital Inside Out: An Empirical Examination of the Relationship Between Organizational Social Capital and Communal Social Capital in Public Organizations
Authors: Hashavia-Tzuri Sefit , Vigoda-Gadot Eran , Hefetz Amir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the effect of organizational social capital (OSC) in non-profit organizations on communal social capital (CSC) in the communities where these organizations operate. The study has two goals: First, to theoretically establish rational for the relationship between internal organizational social capital (IOSC) and external organizational social capital (EOSC), especially with relation to public administration agencies in liberal democracies where social capital plays a major role in public policy. Second, to empirically analyze the reciprocal relationship between EOSC, CSC, and IOSC which constitutes an important product of the optimal public administration model in modern nations. A theoretical model was developed to study these relations and suggest several hypotheses. The field study was conducted in 72 community centers operated by the Israel Association of Community Centers. Participants were 1,015 employees (72 general managers, 501 middle managers, and 442 line employees) and 1,816 community members. The findings demonstrate partial support for the relationship between IOSC and EOSC and indicate that IOSC has a moderating influence on the relationship between the EOSC and CSC. Implications and suggestions for future studies in public organizations and their social and administrative sphere are highlighted.
EFFECT OF Nb, Ta, AND Ti MICROALLOYING ON THE SECONDARY HARDENING OF Mo-W TOOL STEEL
Authors: Burja Jaka , Nagode Aleš , Grabnar Klemen , Medved Jožef , Balaško Tilen 
Published: October 2024

This work investigates the influence of microalloying elements on the tempering process of a hot-work tool steel. The study examines the austenitisation temperatures and grain growth of a high thermal conductivity hot-work tool steel, with the addition of various microalloying elements: Nb+0.06 w/% Nb, Ta+0.03 w/% Ta, and Ti+0.006 w/% Ti, compared to a reference sample. Thermodynamic calculations are used to analyse the influence of microalloying on the transformation temperatures and carbide formation. Austenitisation temperatures of (1030, 1060, 1080, and 1100) °C are selected, and subsequent tempering is performed at (540, 580, 600, 620, and 640) °C. The investigation focuses on analysing the microstructure, hardness, and grain size. The results show that the microalloying elements have a positive influence on the retention of the grain size during austenitisation and on the enhancement of hardness during tempering. Electron microscopy is utilized to analyse the microstructure, which indicates the prevalence of Mo-W carbides. The carbides exhibit coarsening and morphological changes during high-temperature tempering. The secondary hardening peaks occur at temperatures between (600 and 620) °C, and are more pronounced by microalloying.
VICISSITUDES DA SUPERVISÃO DE ORIENTAÇÃO PSICANALÍTICA
Authors: Penna Paula Dias Moreira 
Published: October 2024

A supervisão clínica é uma prática comum entre os psicanalistas, seja no campo clínico ou institucional. Para defini-la e compreender sua gênese é preciso retomar seu histórico - seu desenvolvimento desde Freud - já que há, em torno dela, alguns impasses e conflitos que merecem ser destacados. Essa prática, que inicialmente era informal, passou por institucionalizações e compôs um dos eixos da formação dos analistas juntamente com o estudo teórico e com a análise pessoal. O supervisionando pode se direcionar ao supervisor com dificuldades na condução de um caso, dúvidas quanto ao diagnóstico, ou seja, questões que dizem respeito à direção do tratamento ou ao manejo da transferência. Ele também pode direcionar ao supervisor questões que o tocam em torno do caso, marcando aí sua posição subjetiva. Será discutido nesse texto como se estabeleceu a prática de supervisão a partir de Freud, prática que relaciona-se com a própria história da psicanálise e sua difusão. Essa retomada será iniciada, localizando os momentos que antecedem a institucionalização da supervisão pela a Associação Internacional de Psicanálise – IPA, levantando os momentos em que Freud se apresenta ora como supervisor, ora como supervisionando, uma vez que ‘a supervisão se impõe’ quando há experiência clínica. Em seguida, se discutirá como se constituiu o movimento de institucionalização da psicanálise, com o objetivo inicial de zelar pela correta aplicação da técnica e evitar possíveis desvios pelos praticantes. Na sequência, será trabalhada a crítica estabelecida por Jacques Lacan do modelo estabelecido pela IPA e a consequente fundação da Escola Freudiana de Paris, em 1964.
Physiological and psychological influences shaping children\'s future growth and mental health: An analytical study of attitudes towards sports in school going children
Authors: Sharma Apoorva , Kumar Ashani , Kumar Ajay , Goyal Deepakshi , Sharma Aneesh , Sharma Anu 
Published: October 2024

: There is growing concern among physical education professionals regarding the inadequate participation of children in sports activities. Understanding children's motivations for joining, participating in, and dropping out of sports is crucial for fostering better engagement and promoting a sporting culture.: This study aims to examine the factors influencing children's motivation to join and participate in sports, as well as reasons for dropping out, with a focus on identifying the key motivations for boys and girls. The study sample comprised 750 boys and 750 girls, aged 10-14 years, from classes five to nine. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed various motivational factors related to sports participation.: The survey results indicated that boys primarily participated in sports "To have fun" (first choice) and "To learn new skills" (second choice). For girls, the top motivations were "To stay in shape" and "To have fun." Conversely, many girls cited their dislike for exercising, sweating, and getting tired as significant deterrents. Factors such as "Learning new skills," "Improving," and "Team work" were prioritized over items like "Winning," "Trophies," "Be popular," and "Get to a higher level of competition.": The findings highlight the importance of understanding and addressing the various motivational factors that influence children's sports participation. Parents, teachers, and coaches need to be aware of these drivers to effectively motivate children and develop a robust sporting culture in schools. Emphasizing fun, skill development, and teamwork, while addressing concerns about exercise discomfort, is crucial for fostering sustained participation and promoting overall health and fitness.
Interwoven ovarian complications: A case report on dual cysts and torsion
Authors: Yuktha KB , Nayak U Ashwini 
Published: October 2024

Ovarian dermoid cysts or mature cystic teratomas are benign ovarian germ cell tumours most seen in the 3rd and 4th decades of life. These tumours contain tissue from the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Haemorrhagic ovarian cysts occur when blood accumulates in a corpus luteum or follicular cyst. Ovarian torsion involves the twisting of an ovary on its ligamentous attachments reducing its blood supply. A 22-year-old unmarried nulligravida presented with sudden, severe right lower abdominal pain and vomiting. Ultrasound (USG) and other investigations were performed. Elevated CA 19-9 levels raised concerns about malignancy. Differential diagnoses included gastrointestinal cancers, appendicitis with secondary ovarian involvement, ruptured ovarian cyst and ovarian torsion with a cystic mass. USG showed a right ovarian dermoid cyst measuring 5.1 x 4.3cm with partial torsion and a left haemorrhagic cyst measuring 3.1 x 8cm. The patient underwent laparoscopic right oophorectomy and left cystectomy under spinal anaesthesia. Tumour markers (CA 125, AFP, β-hcg, LDH and CEA) were normal. Histopathology confirmed a benign ovarian dermoid cyst, ruling out malignancy. The occurrence of Ovarian dermoid cyst is less than 20%, ovarian torsion occurs in 15% of these cases. Haemorrhagic ovarian cysts occur in about 5-10% of ovarian cysts. Ca 19-9 is raised in GI malignancies and conditions. In ovarian pathologies, it is not well documented and relatively rare. This case underscores the importance of rapid diagnosis and multidisciplinary approach and intervention in rare ovarian conditions, especially in young women where fertility preservation is crucial.
SISTEMA NERVOSO E DOENÇAS AUTOIMUNES: UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Crispim Joelson , Valcante Muniz Celina , Gabriel Menezes Ykaro , Emanuelle Pereira Santos Vanessa , Ribeiro Leite Celestino Vanessa , Silva Vital de Souza Ariane , Junior Siqueira Gama Elton , De Andrade Tenorio Cavalcanti Camilla , Galdino da Rocha Pitta Maira , Melgarejo da Rosa Michelle 
Published: October 2024

O sistema nervoso autônomo (SNA) atua na liberação de respostas inflamatórias agudas e crônicas, por meio de mecanismos de resposta distintos. Na presente revisão, exploraremos os principais mecanismos de regulação do sistema nervoso, central e periférico, associados aos processos inflamatórios e os seus mecanismos de resposta às doenças autoimunes. O sistema nervoso simpático (SNS) exerce um papel significativo na regulação da mobilização de linfócitos na corrente sanguínea. Esse controle é efetuado por meio da interação direta das catecolaminas com o β2AR, receptor beta-adrenérgico, presente na superfície dos linfócitos, evidenciando a interconexão entre o sistema imunológico e o SNA. As células imunológicas desempenham um papel na síntese e liberação de substâncias tradicionalmente designadas como neurotransmissores e neuromoduladores, incluindo acetilcolina, dopamina e outras catecolaminas, desempenhando funções importantes na regulação imunológica local e em circuitos neuro imunomodulatórios mais complexos. Os avanços recentes na pesquisa sobre a comunicação neuro-imunológica ressaltam a necessidade de investigações adicionais sobre essas interações para identificar potenciais alvos terapêuticos a patologias auto-imunes que ainda apresentam desfecho clínico insatisfatório.
Palavras-chave: citocinas, inflamação, noradrenalina
Interseccionalidade e surdez: reflexões sobre a importância de práticas pedagógicas com surdos
Authors: Taligliatti Queila Érica , Tedesco Simoni 
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo refletir sobre a Interseccionalidade nas Práticas Pedagógicas com discentes Surdos. Tratamos da questão com Surdos e não para Surdos, pensando na perspectiva freireana de que o processo de ensino-aprendizagem não deve permear somente os conteúdos, mas ser planejado de forma dialógica em acordo com as especificidades e interesses dos alunos, ou seja, eles devem ser o foco principal da educação. A pesquisa se justifica por se tratar de um tema contemporâneo, ainda pouco explorado e que exige atenção de pesquisadores na área da Educação de Surdos no Brasil. Cada discente é único, detém especificidades, interesses e história de vida. Socialmente os Surdos são vistos como um grupo identitário uniforme. Em outros termos, como se todos fossem iguais, o que não condiz com a realidade, pois as identidades Surdas são múltiplas e permeadas por interseccionalidades relacionadas à classe, raça, etnia, religião, gênero, orientação sexual, dentre outras. Sendo assim, é necessário conhecer as camadas interseccionais que entrelaçam a vida de cada indivíduo Surdo, e, por meio desse conhecimento, pensar e articular práticas escolares significativas que possam favorecer o desenvolvimento de aprendizagens sólidas. É notória a escassez de produções sobre a temática em que reflitam sobre as diversas identidades Surdas, bem como questões interseccionais que permeiam mutuamente cada indivíduo. Tais reflexões permitem uma nova compreensão acerca do próprio trabalho docente que deve ser minuciosamente refletido a partir das especificidades do educando, considerando o conceito de interseccionalidade.
A Sideroflexin/Connexin adaptor ties kinesin-3 to mitochondria in neurons
Authors: Barmaver Syed , Bayansan Odvogmed , Khawaja Muhammad Safwan , Ruckmani Vignesh Mahendran , Putri Dwika Sarnia , Shanmugam Muniesh Muthaiyan , Wagner Oliver 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Various neurological diseases are linked to changes in mitochondrial trafficking in axons. Thus, it is crucial to understand how dynamics of mitochondria are regulated on the molecular level. From a candidate screen, we identified SFXN-1.2 to regulate both morphologies as well as dynamics of mitochondria. SFXN-1.2 is an ortholog of human Sideroflexin 1/3 associated with Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's diseases. We demonstrate that SFXN-1.2 binds to kinesin-3 KIF1A(UNC-104) via CX32 (Connexin 32 or GJB1), a protein known to be linked to Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. While SFXN-1.2 and CX32 affect the dynamics of mitochondria, they also affect the motility of the molecular motor UNC-104 alone. From yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescent complementation assays, we narrowed down critical interaction schemes of the UNC-104/CX32/SFXN-1.2 complex providing a complex molecular model.Interestingly, though UNC-104 binds to synaptic vesicles via its PH domain, we found no role of this domain in linking the motor to mitochondria. While UNC-104 trafficking is diminished in neurons of sfxn-1.2 mutants, motility of conventional kinesin-1 UNC-116 remains unaffected. Our data suggest that UNC-104 and UNC-116 act in parallel pathways likely co-transporting mitochondria. We also show that sfxn-1.2-induced changes in mitochondrial morphologies are independent of the fusion/fission machinery and that neither mitochondrial bioenergetics nor mitophagy are affected by sfxn-1.2 mutations. Strikingly, mutations in SFXN-1.2 lead to motor- and sensory neuron defects in C. elegansnegatively affecting the animal's touch responses as well as restricting body movements - pathological phenotypes commonly seen in neurological diseases.