bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic Engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Fermentative Production of Heme
Authors: Lee Hyun‐Jae , Shin Dong Joo , Nho Soo Bin , Lee Ki Won , Kim Sun‐Ki 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTHeme is a key ingredient required to mimic the color and flavor of meat in plant‐based alternatives. This study aimed to develop a yeast‐based microbial cell factory for efficient and sustainable production of heme. To this end, first, Hem12p (uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase) was identified as the rate‐limiting enzyme in the heme biosynthetic pathway present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae D452‐2. Next, we investigated the effects of disruption of the genes involved in the competition for heme biosynthesis precursors, transcriptional repression, and heme degradation (HMX1) on heme production efficiency. Of the knock‐out strains constructed in this study, only the HMX1‐deficient strain produced heme at a higher concentration than the background strain without gene disruption. In addition, overexpression of PUG1 encoding a plasma membrane transporter involved in protoporphyrin IX (the precursor to heme biosynthesis) uptake led to a significant increase in intracellular heme concentration. As a result, among the various engineered strains constructed in this study, the ΔHMX1/H3&12 + PUG1 strain, the HMX1‐deficient strain overexpressing HEM3, HEM12, and PUG1, produced the highest concentration of heme (4.6 mg/L) in batch fermentation, which was 3.9‐fold higher than that produced by the wild‐type D452‐2 strain. In a glucose‐limited fed‐batch fermentation, the ΔHMX1/H3&12 + PUG1 strain produced 28 mg/L heme in 66 h.
Regulatory Effects of SLC7A2‐CPB2 on Lymphangiogenesis: A New Approach to Suppress Lymphatic Metastasis in HNSCC
Authors: Song Kai , Li Yanshi , Yang Kai , Lu Tao , Wang Min , Wang Zhihai , Liu Chuan , Yu Ming , Wang Mengna , Cheng Zhaobo , Pan Min , Hu Guohua 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLymph node metastasis (LNM) is a critical factor affecting the outcomes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and the main reason for treatment failure. This study was designed to examine the effects of the key genes involved in the LNM of HNSCC.MethodsTissue samples (HNSCC) were examined by transcriptome sequencing, and the core genes associated with LNM were detected via bioinformatics analysis. The functions of these core genes were then validated using the TCGA biological database and their effects on the propagation, invasion, and metastasis of HNSCC cells were evaluated through cell culture experiments. Moreover, the effect of core gene expression on the LNM capability of HNSCC was confirmed via a footpad xenograft mice model.ResultsIn the findings, a key gene involved in the LNM of HNSCC was identified as SLC7A2. It was correlated with adverse clinical prognosis and expressed with low expression in HNSCC tissues. As shown in cell culture experiments, FaDu and SCC15 cell growth, invasion, and migration were inhibited when SLC7A2 was overexpressed. Further, cell apoptosis was stimulated, and lymphangiogenesis was suppressed through the downregulation of CPB2 expression. Animal studies demonstrated that the growth and LNM of HNSCC cells were inhibited by SLC7A2 overexpression.ConclusionIt is concluded that SLC7A2 is involved in HNSCC lymphatic metastasis by controlling CPB2 function. The results are anticipated to offer new directions for the effective treatment of HNSCC.
Patient‐ and Areal‐Level Risk Factors Associated With Lung Cancer Mortality in Victoria, Australia: A Bayesian Spatial Survival Analysis
Authors: Tesema Getayeneh Antehunegn , Stirling Rob G. , Tessema Zemenu Tadesse , Heritier Stephane , Earnest Arul 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Australia, lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer‐related deaths. In Victoria, the mortality risk is assumed to vary across Local Government Areas (LGAs) due to variations in socioeconomic advantage, remoteness, and healthcare accessibility. Thus, we applied Bayesian spatial survival models to examine the geographic variation in lung cancer survival in Victoria.MethodsData on lung cancer cases were extracted from the Victorian Lung Cancer Registry (VLCR). To account for spatial dependence and risk factors of survival in lung cancer patients, we employed a Bayesian spatial survival model. Conditional Autoregressive (CAR) prior was assigned to model the spatial dependence. Deviance Information Criterion (DIC), Watanabe Akaike Information Criterion (WAIC), and Log Pseudo Marginal Likelihood (LPML) were used for model comparison. In the final best‐fitted model, the Adjusted Hazard Ratio (AHR) with the 95% Credible Interval (CrI) was reported. The outcome variable was the survival status of lung cancer patients, defined as whether they survived or died during the follow‐up period (death was our interest).ResultsOur study revealed substantial variations in lung cancer mortality in Victoria. Poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status, diagnosed at a regional hospital, Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC), advanced age, and advanced clinical stage were associated with a higher risk of mortality, whereas being female, presented at Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) meeting, and diagnosed at a metropolitan private hospital were significantly associated with a lower risk of mortality.ConclusionIdentifying geographical disparities in lung cancer survival may help shape healthcare policy to implement more targeted and effective lung cancer care services.
The Effect of Robot Anthropomorphism on Customers' Attention Activation and Satisfaction
Authors: Qiao Yueqiao , Song Dian 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPrior research has predominantly focused on how interacting with anthropomorphic robots might affect customers' psychological processes and behaviors, wherein this stream of research has presented some inconsistent findings regarding its effectiveness in the service context. This research aims at taking a novel angle by illuminating on the arousal‐based reaction among customers, and their subsequent satisfaction. Grounded in selective attention theory, this research develops a model in which robot anthropomorphism activates customers' attention, which in turn cultivates heightened customer satisfaction. Findings across an eye‐tracking experiment (Study 1), a field survey study (Study 2), and a scenario‐based experiment (Study 3) converge to provide support to the hypotheses. The results of our mixed‐method approach shed new light on how robot anthropomorphism might impact customer satisfaction. Importantly, this study contributes to the research of service robot in the consumer psychology literature by disentangling an attention (arousal)‐based mechanism through which robot anthropomorphism might induce positive customer outcomes. Meanwhile, it simultaneously offers timely and crucial managerial implications for practitioners to better understand the underlying arousal‐based influences of digitalizing the service delivery among customers. This research ends with a discussion pertaining to its theoretical and practical implications.
Natural Products‐Based Anticancer Agents: Synthesis and Anticancer Activities of Funtumine Amide/Sulfonamide Derivatives
Authors: Wu Lang , Xiang Xin , Zhang Long , Chen Yafang , Yu Xiang , He Kang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFuntumine is a pregnene‐type steroidal alkaloid exhibiting moderate anticancer activity. To discover novel natural product‐based anticancer drugs, a series of novel funtumine amide/sulfonamide derivatives were papered and identified using spectroscopic techniques. Additionally, the structures of compounds 2j, 3a, and 4k were further confirmed through X‐ray diffraction analysis. Biological activity experiments conducted against three cancer cell lines revealed that several of the synthesized compounds demonstrated inhibition activities comparable to or exceeding those of the commercial anticancer agent, 5‐Fluorouracil. Especially compound 4i demonstrated a notably strong growth inhibitory effect on HePG2 (IC50=14.89 μM) and HCT116 (IC50=15.67 μM) cell lines, while exhibiting minimal cytotoxicity towards human normal BEAS‐2B cells. Preliminary structure‐activity relationships (SARs) analysis indicated that the conversion of the carbonyl group at the C‐20 position of funtumine to a hydroxyl group could yield more potent compounds.
Effective Screening of Metal Dopants for In2O3 Catalyst to Tune Catalytic Performance of CO2 Hydrogenation to Formic Acid
Authors: Meng ZiChun , Sun XiaoYing , Tang YuQing , Yan BingJie , Zhao Zhen , Li Bo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe metal doping is an effective strategy to adjust catalytic performance for indium oxide catalyst in CO2 hydrogenation. In current work, a series dopant, Co, Fe, Ni, Pd, Pt, Rh, and Ru, are selected and examined in CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid by DFT based microkinetic simulation. It is found that substitutional doping is local effect, which mainly promotes the reactivity of adjacent oxygen atoms. The calculations of both CO2 adsorption and hydrogen molecule dissociation certify the positive effects induced by doping, and the adsorption energy of CO2 has a linear relation with the transferred charges for all investigated catalysts which helps to explain the C─O bond activation mechanism. Two pathways, formate and carboxyl, are investigated under same footing. It is noted that doping significantly reduces the hydrogenation barriers on two pathways compared with undoped surfaces. Moreover, the calculated TOF of formic acid formation is greatly increased on doped surfaces and Pt, Pd, and Ru are identified as the most active dopants. In the end, it is concluded that reaction obeys carboxyl mechanism and a valid descriptor of trans‐HCOOH* and H* formation energy is proposed for the screening of effective dopants.
Bi‐Doped In2O3 Nanofiber for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO2 Reduction
Authors: Zhao Yuanxiang , Lv Xinchun , Zhu Zifan , Yang Chen , Ma Xintao , Sun Yifei , Alodhayb Abdullah N. , Yi Xiaodong , Shi Wei , Chen Zhou 
Published: October 2024

AbstractElectrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) to formic acid (HCOOH) is attracted for superfluous CO2 removal and HCOOH production under ambient conditions. Indium‐based catalysts has considered as a good candidate material for CO2RR to HCOOH due to their environmentally friendly features. However, the catalytic efficiency is limited by the poor HCOOH Faradaic efficiency (FE) and high reaction overpotential of electrocatalyst, and the activity and stability of indium‐based catalysts are unsatisfactory, especially in industrial current density that is critical for commercialization. Herein, a fiber Bi‐doped In2O3 was synthesized through electrospinning method, and it demonstrate a FEHCOOH of 88.2% at −1.5 V versus RHE (reversible hydrogen electrode) with partial current density of −21.8 mA cm−2 in H type cell. Specially, the Bi‐In electrocatalyst also reach the industrial current density standard, which can work at −400 mA cm−2 current density with FEHCOOH of 92.7% (yield of HCOOH is 6.9 mmol h−1) in home‐made Flow cell. Importantly, Bi‐In shows 24 h long‐term stability test in −300 mA cm−2. The improvement catalytic activity of Bi‐In catalyst is ascribed to the optimized electronic structure of In site, and the reduced work function value of Bi‐In is beneficial for reducing the formation energy of the key *OCHO intermediates.
Optimization and modelling of bioethanol production by the fermentation of CCN‐51 cocoa mucilage using the sequential simplex method and the modified Gompertz model
Authors: Delgado Jorge , Serpa Andrea , Moreno Juan F. , Bernal Tamara , Posso Fausto , Tenesaca Oscar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis work deals with the optimization of bioethanol production through a fermentation process of CCN‐51 cocoa mucilage, based on increased concentrations of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Cocoa mucilage, considered biomass waste, was selected for its high productivity and the large volumes generated in the cocoa industrial chain in Ecuador. The optimization of the fermentation process was performed using the sequential simplex method with two variables, and the results were experimentally confirmed by quantifying bioethanol through the microdiffusion method. The best operational conditions corresponded to a temperature of 35°C and a pH of 4. Regarding the concentration of yeast, it was found that the optimal value was 8 g/L, since lower concentrations led to low productivities, while higher concentrations resulted in inadequate functioning of the bioreactor. The best results reached a productivity of 1.35 ± 0.04 g/L · h and a maximum bioethanol concentration of 28.3 ± 0.8 g/L for a processing time of 21 h. The production of bioethanol was modelled using the modified Gompertz equation and simulated in MATLAB®, yielding a bioethanol production rate of 2.42 g/L · h with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.95. These results contribute to the knowledge of bioethanol production using cocoa mucilage and seek to add a positive value to this residue, whose management and final disposition have both undesirable environmental and economic effects.
Maximizing genetic gains across agronomic and consumer preference traits in St. Augustinegrass breeding
Authors: Milla‐Lewis Susana R. , Gouveia Beatriz Tome , Kenworthy Kevin , Zhang Jing , Chandra Ambika , Miller Grady L. , Carbajal Esdras M. , Schwartz Brian , Raymer Paul , Pudzianowska Marta , Beard James H. , Unruh J. Bryan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCombining large multi‐environment trial (MET) datasets to decide which genotypes to move forward in the breeding process can be challenging, especially when dealing with negatively correlated traits. The use of a selection index has long been identified as an effective strategy in these situations. However, the method has found limited application in turfgrass breeding. The objective of this study was to use MET data for St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] breeding lines evaluated across the southern United States to compare genetic gains achieved with the additive additive genetic index (AI) versus the turf performance index (TPI) incorporating agronomic as well as consumer preference traits. The use of either selection index produced more positive genetic gains across traits than direct selection even in the presence of negative correlations. However, the higher genetic gains obtained with AI versus TPI indicate that the use of an index that weighs traits according to their importance is a better approach for selection. Moreover, under a more stringent selection intensity, none of the best lines identified with AI would have been selected with TPI emphasizing the importance of choosing selection criteria that provide a more nuanced ranking of lines. Additionally, higher heritability values and gains from selection were obtained for turfgrass quality under stress (drought and shade) than under normal conditions indicating that selection under stress environments might be more efficient. Most of the evaluated St. Augustinegrass lines outperformed the checks, further supporting the value of cross‐institutional breeding collaborations.
A New Wide Range and High Voltage Conversion Bidirectional DC/DC Converter for DC Microgrid
Authors: Panneerselvam Dhivya , Eswar Kodumur Meesala Ravi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBidirectional DC/DC converters (BDCs) are crucial in energy storage integration with DC microgrid. In this article, a new wide‐range and high voltage conversion (VC) nonisolated BDC with simple structure having reasonable components (total 13) is proposed. The proposed BDC with symmetrical VC ratio delivers high conversion of voltage within the vicinity of 0.5 duty ratio in both boost and buck modes of operation. In addition, the proposed BDC has features of continuous currents at low and high voltage stages and reduced switch voltage stress. This article presents the proposed BDC with circuit configuration and its detailed steady‐state boost and buck mode analyses to verify achievable VC ratio and design consideration. With the designed practical model of the proposed BDC, loss analysis is exhibited to verify the conversion efficiency in boost and buck modes of operation. In real time, experimental prototype of the proposed BDC is operated with LAUNCHXL‐F28379D kit to realize switching pulse generation. The experimental response of the entire proposed BDC operation is captured at 200 W loading. The attained experimental results and discussions validate the proposed BDC operation with the mentioned features. Finally, a comparative analysis with existing BDCs is performed to prove the competence of the proposed BDC for DC microgrid.
A Novel Wiener‐Type Dynamic Neural Network Method for Large Signal Modeling of Power Amplifiers
Authors: Liu Wenyuan , Su Yi , Wang Shilin , Zhang Wei , Yan Shuxia , Feng Feng 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA novel Wiener‐type dynamic neural network (Wiener‐type DNN) method for large signal modeling of power amplifiers (PAs) is proposed in this paper. In this method, the proposed model structure for the PA contains two Wiener‐type DNNs to describe the input impedance and the amplification efficiency, respectively. The Wiener‐type DNN includes a simplified linear dynamic equation module and a nonlinear static equation module. For the simplification process of the linear dynamic equation, it is proposed to process fundamental frequency components of the large signal harmonic data of the PA by vector fitting. The neural network is used to implement the static equation in the Wiener‐type DNN. The formulas for training the proposed Wiener‐type DNN model of the PA using large signal data are derived. The training algorithm of the PA model is proposed to improve the training efficiency. A Motorola MOSFET PA example and a Freescale lateral double‐diffused MOSFET PA example are present to validate the proposed Wiener‐type DNN method. For the Motorola MOSFET PA, a dynamic neural network (DNN) model and a time‐delay deep neural network (TDDNN) are established for comparison. For the Freescale PA, the DNN model is used for comparison experiment. The comparison figures show that the Wiener‐type DNN model has better convergence properties than the DNN model in the nonlinear region of the PA. The established accurate PA model is conducive to the design of subsequent communication circuits.
Metabolic–Bariatric Surgery Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta‐Analysis of Over 3.7 Million Adults, Independent of Type 2 Diabetes Status
Authors: Angelidi Angeliki M. , Martinou Eirini G. , Karamanis Dimitrios G. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsTo investigate the impact of Metabolic–Bariatric surgery (MBS) on pancreatic cancer (PCa) risk in individuals with obesity based on type 2 diabetes(T2D) status.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analysis guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42022367749). The primary outcomes were the PCa incidence rates in participants with or without T2D who underwent MBS compared with the control (non‐MBS) group. Subgroup analyses based on the MBS types were performed and a random‐effects model was employed. Sensitivity analysis was conducted by applying the leave‐one‐out meta‐analysis technique and excluding studies with a short follow‐up. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 index and Cochran's Q test. Publication bias was assessed with Egger's test and the risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane Risk‐of‐Bias tool.ResultsTwelve studies, with 3,711,243 participants, were included. PCa risk was lower in the MBS group for both T2D and the overall population than in the non‐MBS group (RR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30–0.71 and RR = 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07–0.57, respectively), with consistent findings after excluding studies with < 3‐year follow‐up. A favourable impact was also observed in individuals without T2D (RR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.41–0.78). When comparing the types of MBS versus control, a significant difference was observed for sleeve gastrectomy (SG) (RR = 0.24; 95% CI, 0.12–0.46 for SG and RR = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.25–1.09 for Roux‐En‐Y bypass). Egger's test showed no indication of publication bias (p = 0.417).ConclusionsMBS is associated with reduced PCa risk regardless of T2D, with a more pronounced effect in T2D patients. Additional research is needed to investigate the impact of MBS types on PCa.
Elp1 function in placode‐derived neurons is critical for proper trigeminal ganglion development
Authors: Hines Margaret A. , Taneyhill Lisa A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe trigeminal nerve is the largest cranial nerve and functions in somatosensation. Cell bodies of this nerve are positioned in the trigeminal ganglion, which arises from the coalescence of neural crest and placode cells. While this dual cellular origin has been known for decades, the molecular mechanisms controlling trigeminal ganglion development remain obscure. We performed RNA sequencing on the forming chick trigeminal ganglion and identified Elongator acetyltransferase complex subunit 1 (Elp1) for further study. Mutations in ELP1 cause familial dysautonomia (FD), a fatal disorder characterized by the presence of smaller trigeminal nerves and sensory deficits. While Elp1 has established roles in neurogenesis, its function in placode cells during trigeminal gangliogenesis has not been investigated.ResultsTo this end, we used morpholinos to deplete Elp1 from chick trigeminal placode cells. Elp1 knockdown decreased trigeminal ganglion size and led to aberrant innervation of the eye by placode‐derived neurons. Trigeminal nerve branches also appeared to exhibit reduced axon outgrowth to target tissues.ConclusionsThese findings reveal a new role for Elp1 in placode‐derived neurons during chick trigeminal ganglion development. These results have potential high significance to provide new insights into trigeminal ganglion development and the etiology of FD.
Urbanization alters sandy beach scavenging assemblages and dogs suppress ecosystem function
Authors: Gerraty Francis D. , Gobei‐Bacaylan Ann , Diel Kaia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUrbanization is rapidly transforming coastal landscapes around the world, altering the structure and function of marine, intertidal, and terrestrial ecosystems. In tandem, coastal areas are hotspots for human recreation, leading to shifts in wildlife behavior and activity patterns. Together, urban development and recreational use of wildlife habitats can shape wildlife behavior, abundance, and ecosystem dynamics at different spatial and temporal scales. In this study, we explore the impact of urbanization and human and domestic dog activity on the structure of vertebrate scavenging assemblages and the ecosystem functions they provide in sandy beach ecosystems across 40 km of the central California coast, USA. We surveyed vertebrate scavenging assemblages using baited camera traps on 17 beaches spanning a gradient of coastal urbanization. We found that urbanization extent within small spatial scales (i.e., 1 or 3 km radii of each site) and the rate of beach visitation by domestic dogs or humans were the best additive predictors of assemblage structure. We identified pronounced urbanization‐associated shifts in the composition of vertebrate scavenger guilds but found that the rate of carrion processing was more strongly influenced by domestic dog habitat use and diel period. Scavenging activity was substantially lower on beaches with more domestic dogs, suggesting that dogs interfere with critical scavenging ecosystem functions on sandy beaches. Our results underscore the pervasive and nuanced effects of urbanization and recreation on the dynamics of land–sea connectivity and suggest a need for comprehensive consideration of cross‐ecosystem linkages in ongoing shoreline conservation and development efforts.