bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of self-regulatory program based on Leventhal’s model on the illness perception and resilience of people with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Karampour Sanaz , Masoudi Reza , Raeisi Hadi , Etemadifar Shahram , Bayati Asghar 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUNDS:
The study at hand seeks to examine the influence of a self-regulation program rooted in Leventhal’s model on the illness perception and resilience of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). By exploring the impact of Leventhal’s model-based interventions, healthcare professionals can enhance their ability to effectively address the challenges associated with this disease. In addition, this research endeavor can serve as a valuable resource for the development of nursing knowledge in the realm of MS patient care.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This study was a semiexperimental two-group study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients with RRMS-type MS in Shahrekord city. Ninety patients were initially selected through convenience sampling and then randomly allocated into intervention and control groups (each with 45 participants) using the Random Allocation software. Before the intervention program was provided, the patients’ perception of the disease and their resilience were assessed using the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), respectively.

RESULTS:
The intervention group had a mean age of 34.78 ± 4.27 years, whereas the control group had a mean age of 34.51 ± 4.43 years. After the Leventhal self-regulatory model, a statistically significant difference was observed in the mean scores of illness perception and the mean score of resilience between the intervention and control groups, both immediately and two months later, implying that the intervention group had a higher score in illness perception and the mean score of resilience (P value < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:
Our study indicated that the Leventhal self-regulatory model had a significant positive effect on improving both illness perception and resilience in individuals with MS. Therefore, enhancing these factors among MS patients can have a tremendously positive impact on their psychological health, quality of life, and treatment adherence.
Prevalence of common mental disorders and perspective toward mental health in an urban resettlement colony of Delhi, India: A mixed-method study
Authors: Singh Gaurav , Patra Somdatta , Upadhyay Madhu K. , Srivastava Shruti 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The paucity of community-based research and misunderstandings surrounding mental illness in low- and middle-income countries impede the provision of proper care in this domain. The objective of this research was to assess the prevalence of common mental disorders in an urban resettlement colony in Delhi, India, explore associated factors, and understand the community’s perspective on mental health.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A community-based mixed-method study was conducted in which 130 participants were selected through multistage systematic random sampling and 12 key community members by purposive sampling. To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders, the 20-item Self-Reported Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used, while the community’s viewpoint on mental illness was explored using an in-depth interview guide. The odds ratio (OR) for risk factors was calculated using Pearson’s Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and multiple logistic regression. For the qualitative component, themes were analyzed and presented.

RESULTS:
The study found an 18.5% prevalence of common mental disorders in the area. Socioeconomic status, hypertension, chronic health conditions, and the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on personal life were significant predictors (P < 0.05). The qualitative study identified that community members have a negative perspective on mental illness. Women are a vulnerable group because of their susceptibility to violence and certain cultural factors.

CONCLUSION:
Insufficient knowledge and societal stigmatization act as barriers to accessing mental health services. Certain groups, such as people of lower socioeconomic strata, living with a chronic disease are more affected. Targeted interventions are required to address these effectively.
Prevalence, severity, and predictors of dysphagia among patients with acute stroke in Oman
Authors: Al-Mamari Raya Said , Lazarus Eilean Rathinasamy , Al-Harrasi Maryam , Al-Noumani Huda , Al Zaabi Omar 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Up to 80% of stroke patients suffer from dysphagia. It is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs due to aspiration, pneumonia, and malnutrition, which represent a significant burden to stroke survivors, their relatives, and the healthcare system. Early recognition and management of post-stroke dysphagia is key to reducing its complications and enhancing patients’ quality of life. Despite the importance of dysphagia following a stroke and its adverse consequences, no study has investigated dysphagia after stroke in Oman. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of post-stroke dysphagia and its severity among acute stroke patients, assess the association between the selected factors and dysphagia, and identify dysphagia predictors.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:
A cross-sectional descriptive study design was utilized to identify the prevalence and risk factors for post-stroke dysphagia among acute stroke patients (n = 274) admitted to two Omani tertiary hospitals over 6 months. Dysphagia was assessed using the Gugging swallowing screen. Descriptive analysis, correlations, and regression analysis were computed.

RESULTS:
The prevalence of dysphagia following stroke was 70.1%. Among those who had dysphagia, 37.5% had severe, 31.25% moderate, and 31.25% mild dysphagia. Aging, obesity, having a medical co-morbidity, hypertension, stroke location, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score, and the use of thrombectomy or thrombolysis therapy were contributing factors and were found to be correlated with post-stroke dysphagia. This study revealed that old age [odds ratio (OR) = 0.961, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.933–0.989, P = 0.007)], obesity (OR = 0.387, 95% CI: 0.157–0.952, P = 0.039), and low GCS score (OR = 0.027, 95% CI: 0.009–0.077, p=<0.001) were predictors of dysphagia after stroke.

CONCLUSION:
Post-stroke dysphagia is more common among acute stroke patients. There are various risk factors correlated with dysphagia following a stroke. Therefore, dysphagia predictors should be considered when designing dysphagia prevention strategies to reduce its adverse consequences. Recognition of such predictors may help with the early detection and treatment of dysphagic patients and the implementation of preventive approaches.
Empowering self-care through patient education in heart failure patients: A multimodal approach comprising of P-PILs, videos, and personalized advice
Authors: Philip Anu , Shastry Chakrakodi Shashidhara , Unnikrishnan Muzhuvanchery Kesavan , Utagi Basavaraj 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Heart failure (HF) patients, in developing countries like India, have limited access to information regarding their health/disease state. To identify patient problems and patient expectations through focused group discussions (FGD) and develop a multimodal educational tool consisting of a pictogram-based patient information leaflet (P-PIL), HF video, and personalized counseling (PC) for HF patients.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Based on the results of the FGD with stakeholders, we developed, validated, and tested educational tools such as P-PIL and HF videos and personalized counseling for enhancing patient education.

RESULTS:
FGD identified major patient-related barriers, and we developed and validated P-PIL and HF videos. Ninety heart failure patients participated in user testing knowledge assessment. The mean scores in knowledge significantly increased from 39.37 to 85.18 (P < 0.001), with 95% of patients favoring P-PIL for its layout design and content. P-PIL, HF videos, and personalized counseling together enhanced patient awareness and self-care, indicating positive healthcare outcomes in HF.

CONCLUSION:
A well-developed and validated PIL can be reinforced by videos and personalized counseling and enhancing knowledge levels in HF patients which eventually translates to better outcomes.
The effects of Korean hand acupressure on postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and retching after thyroidectomy: A randomized controlled study protocol
Authors: Gür Sevgi , Öztekin Seher Deniz , Öztekin İlhan , Yalçın Orhan 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Korean hand acupressure applied after thyroidectomy on postoperative pain, nausea, vomiting, and retching of number and severity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The type of study is a randomized study with a post-test-control group. The protocol was prepared according to the SPIRIT (Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials) 2013 checklist. The CONSORT 2017 guideline was followed in reporting the protocol. The study was conducted with 42 patients (intervention/control group = 21) who underwent thyroidectomy in a hospital in Istanbul between February 2021 and June 2022, who met the inclusion criteria, and whose verbal and written informed consent was obtained. Korean hand acupressure was applied for 3 min using mung bean seeds 30 min before anesthesia was given to the patients in the intervention group. The application was continued every 2 h after the operation. The application was terminated at the eighth hour. The control group (patients) received routine post-operative treatment and care. Pain severity, nausea, vomiting, and retching number and severity, antiemetic use, and Rhodes nausea, vomiting, and retching index score at the end of the 24th hour were evaluated at the 2nd, 6th, and 24th hour postoperatively. Data analysis was done with the SPSS 25.0 program.

CONCLUSION:
For the patients in the intervention and control groups, it was found that the number and severity of nausea and vomiting were highest in the 6th hour after surgery. The application of Korean hand acupressure was an effective nursing intervention on the retching state (number/severity) that developed at the 6th hour after thyroidectomy and reduced the use of antiemetics.
Exploring the learning environment through an organizational theory lens: A case study from nursing education
Authors: Meyer Rhoda , Archer Elize , van Schalkwyk Susan C. 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
The calls for curricula review to adequately prepare nursing graduates have increased over the last decade. In response, many nursing education institutions across the world have considered ways to review and renew their curricula. Part of these renewal processes seeks to prepare nursing graduates to function within highly dynamic and challenging environments. The aim of this study was to explore the private healthcare context as a learning environment using an organizational theory lens, with a view to informing and enhancing curriculum development and implementation in nursing education.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
A qualitative case study methodology within an interpretivist paradigm was used, drawing on organizational theory. The population included educators who teach undergraduate nursing students at a private higher education institution in South Africa and managers at the clinical sites where these students undertake their clinical learning. Data collection, which was undertaken over the period 2018–2020, included observations, focus group discussions, and interviews. Thematic analysis was undertaken, and a three-tiered analytical approach was followed to analyze the data.

RESULTS:
Four themes were identified: the learning environment as a site of tension, a site of cultural layering, a site of role complexity, and a site of hierarchy.

CONCLUSION:
Nursing education is dynamic, providing a range of learning experiences. An understanding of this environment from an organizational theory perspective provides some insights into potential challenges and opportunities for learning. Curriculum developers should consider ways of optimizing the opportunities so that students can be provided with learning experiences that enhance the development of the necessary competence.
Effect of meditation, muscle relaxation exercises, dietary and lifestyle modification on depression, anxiety, stress and self-esteem among women undergoing infertility treatment: A randomized controlled trial: Pilot protocol
Authors: Aulakh Rajbir K. , Uppal Harjit K. , Pahwa Sangeeta 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:Infertility is not only a reproductive health problem; it’s also emotionally painful. Currently, treatments for infertility are receiving more attention, but emotional support is equally important. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of meditation, exercises, dietary, and life-style modifications on depression, anxiety, stress, and self-esteem among infertile women.MATERIAL AND METHODS:This randomized controlled trial was carried out on randomly assigned 60 infertile women (30 experimental and 30 control groups) with the above-mentioned distress at the Infertility Clinic of a tertiary-level hospital in India during the period from 01.07.2020 to 30.6.2021. Infertile women were enrolled using a systematic random sampling technique. The pretest was done with the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS) and the Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Interventions were operated on an experimental group for five subsequent visits for 60 minutes and the control group received routine care. A post-test was done on sixth visit.RESULTS:The pretest mean score of infertile women was 16.13 ± 4.95 for depression, 18.93 ± 4.26 for anxiety, 29.27 ± 4.59 for stress and 10.47 ± 3.49 for self-esteem, respectively. The post-test mean score was 9.07 ± 3.14 for depression, 10.73 ± 3.17 for anxiety, 18.4 ± 3.77 for stress, and 17.5 ± 1.96 for self-esteem. The study results showed the post-test mean score was significantly different in the experimental and control groups atP< 0.001.CONCLUSION:These complementary therapies could potentially lessen the emotional distress experienced by infertile women and boost pregnancy rates. So, infertility management should be comprehensive instead of only using medical treatment to get a better outcome.
To study the knowledge, attitude, and practice about Pap smear among healthcare professionals
Authors: Latika  , Suri Ridhi , Dahiya Pushpa 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Papanicolaou (Pap) smear has been found to be an effective, safe, economical, and time-sensitive tool for screening cervical cancer in various studies. We studied existing levels of awareness, attitude, and practices related to the Pap smear among healthcare workers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
This was a cross-sectional study undertaken in different departments of Pt B. D. Sharma PGIMS, Rohtak. The study’s target group was all married female HCWs of varied experience levels posted in different departments. This study employed a meticulously crafted questionnaire in the English language. The survey included a total of 21 items covering different aspects related to the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the study topic. Subgroup analysis was conducted using the ANOVA and Pearson Chi-square test.

RESULTS:
A total of 424 participants were enrolled in the study. The majority of the participants were in the age group of 31–40 years (45%), followed by the age group of 20–30 years. On descriptive analysis, the mean knowledge score of the participants was 29.4575 (SD = 10.77661, minimum score = 0.00, maximum score = 55).

CONCLUSION:
The study highlights a moderate level of knowledge but a significant gap between the attitudes and actual practices related to Pap smear and cervical cancer screening among healthcare professionals.
Assessing the efficacy of mind mapping as a learning technique to enhance information retrieval in nursing students
Authors: Jabade Mangesh , Nadaf Husain 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:Nursing education, rooted in conventional methods like didactic lectures and clinical experiences, is evolving to incorporate innovative learning strategies. This study delves into the effectiveness of mind mapping, an interactive technique, in enhancing information retrieval skills among nursing students. Departing from linear note-taking, mind maps visually organize information, aligning with contemporary learning theories emphasizing visual and interactive modalities.MATERIALS AND METHODS:Methodologically, a quasi-experimental design with a crossover intervention was employed, involving 144 nursing students in Pune City, Maharashtra; the time taken to conduct the study was 2 months. The study focused on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and chronic renal failure (CRF), employing pre-tests, post-tests, and long-term retention assessments.RESULTS:Results indicated significantly higher knowledge gains and retention with mind mapping, substantiated by effect size analyses. Student perceptions, assessed through a Likert scale, revealed widespread agreement on mind mapping’s clarity, effectiveness, and positive impact on understanding and retention. Challenges included the need for faculty and student training, highlighting the importance of integration and support in educational institutions.CONCLUSION:This study explores the effectiveness of mind mapping as a learning technique in nursing education, aiming to enhance knowledge acquisition, retention, and critical thinking skills, departing from traditional approaches. Results indicate that mind mapping significantly improves knowledge retention compared to conventional methods. Hence, we strongly recommend mind mapping as an integral learning technique in nursing education; this will impact on enhancing knowledge acquisition, retention, and critical thinking skills among nursing students, surpassing the outcomes of traditional methods.
Comparison of the accuracy and the response time to behavioral pain scales (BPS and CPOT) during painful procedures in the intensive care unit
Authors: Sedighi Ladan , Shirozhan Shima , Talebi-Ghane Elaheh , Taher Abbas , Eliasi Ensieh , Gomar Razieh , Mollai Zhale 
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:
Pain is one of the most common symptoms in the patients hospitalized in intensive care units, and its correct and timely diagnosis is important. Identifying tools that accurately assess pain in a shorter time will help patients better manage pain. The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy and the duration of response to behavioral pain scales (BPS and CPOT) during painful procedures in the intensive care unit.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:
The descriptive-comparative study was conducted in two groups, each including 16 nurses, in the intensive care unit of Besat Hospital in Hamadan in 2022. Each group separately evaluated the patients’ pain during position change and secretion suction based on BPS and CPOT scales along with an evaluator. At the same time, the accuracy of the scores given by each nurse and the duration of pain diagnosis were compared using the determined evaluator, and the results were analysed.

RESULTS:
Comparing the durations of response to the scales, the average duration of response for BPS and CPOT tools were 13.21 and 13.63, respectively; in general, their difference was significant (P < 0.001). Examining the accuracy of the nurses and the evaluators in pain evaluation revealed a significant difference between the two tools, and the results of adaptability were higher for CPOT, in all cases, in comparison with BPS (P = 0.024).

CONCLUSIONS:
The results showed that CPOT assesses the pain more accurately compared to BPS, but the duration of pain evaluation is a little longer via CPOT. The results of the study can help the nurses working in ICUs by choosing more accurate tools with shorter evaluation duration.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-positive Patients on Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy Continue to Have a Decline in Renal Function Irrespective of Tenofovir Usage
Authors: Joshi Kavita Sanjeev , Jadhao Viplove Fulsing , Gujarathi Rushabh , Churiwala Widhi , Natu Anuya Ajit 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients may undergo renal damage due to disease or nephrotoxic drugs. Tenofovir has been associated with the development of renal impairment. The aim of this study was to compare trends in creatinine clearance (CrCl) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and to compare the same between patients on tenofovir- and nontenofovir-based regimens.

Methods:
A prospective observational study was conducted. We followed 244 patients for 2 years. The demographic, clinical, and laboratory parameters of the patients were recorded at baseline, 1 year of therapy, and 2 years of therapy. The data were analyzed using dividing patients into tenofovir- and nontenofovir-based groups. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test, paired and unpaired t-tests, and Fisher’s exact test.

Results:
The mean blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine in both groups were comparable at the start of the therapy. The decline in CrCl and eGFR in all patients on HAART for 2 years was statistically significant, irrespective of tenofovir usage. The mean decrease in eGFR in the tenofovir group was 12.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 and in the nontenofovir group, 9 mL/min/1.73 m2, though the differences between eGFR and CrCl were not significant between the two groups at any point.

Conclusion:
Even though previous studies have suggested that HAART usage can slow the decline in kidney function in people living with HIV, patients who receive HAART still show a statistically significant decline in renal function parameters, akin to the observations of other such studies in low-resource settings.
Observation of the protagonist effect of body fluid load in the pathogenesis of sinonasal polyposis
Authors: Abhinandan Amit , Shekhar Ravi , Krishna Amresh , Singh Rakesh Kumar 
Published: September 2024

Background:
The objective is to assess the association of body fluid load in the pathogenesis of sinonasal polyposis.

Subjects and Methods:
The targeted cases with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with nasal polyposis and control of CRS without polyposis were randomly taken from the admitted patients. Two groups of 30 people each were taken. Demographic details such as name, age, and gender were noted. Excess body water was then calculated by subtracting the perfect body water from the total body water (TBW).

Results:
Of 30 cases and 30 controls aged 18–60, the median was 30.5, and the mean was 34 ± 12.8 years. The gender of the case was 18 males and 12 females, while in control, the males and females were of equal number. The mean TBW was 34.4 ± 5.27 L in cases and 32.4 ± 5.87 L in controls. Total body weight was found to be higher in cases than in controls but not found to be statistically significant (P = 0.160). Excess body water was found in 60% of nasal polyps cases and 46.7% of controls, which was statistically insignificant (P = 0.301).

Conclusion:
There is a complex interplay between our body fluid dynamics and nasal polyp pathogenesis in CRS with polyposis. While our findings suggest potential trends with small sample sizes, further research with more extensive and diverse populations is needed to authenticate and expand on these observations.