bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A meta‐analysis of predictors of bullying and victimisation in adolescence
Authors: Kljakovic Moja , Hunt Caroline 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTBullying is common and harms all involved, yet there is no clarity regarding factors that influence bullying and victimisation for adolescent samples. This meta‐analysis aims to synthesise the literature and identify reliable risk and protective factors to adolescent bullying and victimisation. A systematic search of the literature using databases; PsycINFO and Scopus, was undertaken to identify relevant publications from 1985 until July 2014. Inclusion criteria included longitudinal data, an adolescent sample and a focus on predictive factors of bullying or victimisation. From 4698 articles identified, 18 were included. Four predictors of victimisation (prior victimisation, conduct problems, social problems and internalising problems) and four predictors of bullying (conduct problems, social problems, school problems and age) were identified. The literature provides little consistency in predictors assessed and replication is needed for clarification, however, social problems and conduct problems are consistent risk factors and a potential focus for future interventions.
Socialization of emotion regulation strategies through friends
Authors: Reindl Marion , Gniewosz Burkhard , Reinders Heinz 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThis study examines the effects of best friends' emotion regulation strategies (regarding the emotions anger, fear, and sadness) on the development of adolescents' emotion regulation strategies and subsequent depressive symptoms. Based on a two‐wave longitudinal sample of 238 German adolescents, true change analyses showed positive effects of best friends' adaptive strategies (T1) on the change of adolescents' adaptive strategies (T2 − T1) for anger and fear. Best friends' adaptive strategies (T1) indirectly influence the development of maladaptive strategies (T2 − T1) through the change of adaptive strategies (T2 − T1) and, in turn, the development of depressive symptoms (T2 − T1; two‐step mediation). Best friends' adaptive strategies for sadness did not have an effect on adolescents' adaptive strategies. In contrast to adaptive strategies, none of the friends' maladaptive strategies affected adolescents' maladaptive strategies. The results are discussed in terms of peer influences on the development of emotion regulation strategies and psychosocial adjustment.
The validity and reliability of the diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorders in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Registry
Authors: Mohr-Jensen C. , Vinkel Koch S. , Briciet Lauritsen M. , Steinhausen H.-C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo validate the diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorders (HD) in the Danish Psychiatric Central Research Registry (DPCRR) for children and adolescents aged 4 to 15 given in the years 1995 to 2005.MethodFrom a total of 4568 participants, a representative random subsample of n = 387 patients were used to validate the diagnosis. Patient files were systematically scored for the presence of ICD-10 criteria for HD and oppositional defiant disorder/conduct disorder (ODD/CD; F91). Further to this, an inter-rater reliability study was also conducted, whereby two experienced child and adolescent psychiatrists who were blind to patients discharge diagnoses, rated a random subsample of n = 101 participants.ResultsInformation was available for 372 out of 387 patients. Out of n = 372 available files, n = 324 (86.8%) were evaluated to fulfil diagnostic criteria for HD. Due to missing information it was not possible to reach a conclusion for 5.1% of the cases, 3.8% of the diagnoses were registration errors, and in 4.3% of the files the diagnosis had to be rejected. Inter-rater agreement was high (κ = 0.83, z = 10.9, P < .001). The validity of hyperkinetic disorders, unspecified (F90.9) was lower and comorbid CD/ODD were under-diagnosed in the sample. All participants fulfilling HD criteria also fulfilled DSM-5-criteria for ADHD.ConclusionThe risk of misclassification of patients with HD in the DPCRR is relatively low, with the exception of the diagnosis of hyperkinetic disorders, unspecified (F90.9).
Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Lung Cancer
Authors: Wang Hongmei , Liu Xin , Rice Shawn J. , Belani Chandra P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractLung cancer remains a challenging disease with high morbidity and mortality despite targeted therapy. Symptom burden related to cancer impairs quality of life and functional status in patients with lung cancer and in survivors. Pulmonary rehabilitation has been recognized as an effective, noninvasive intervention for patients with chronic respiratory disease. It is well established that pulmonary rehabilitation benefits patients with chronic obstruction pulmonary disease through improved exercise capacity and symptoms. Evidence is increasing that the benefit of pulmonary rehabilitation can be applied to patients with lung cancer. Comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation has made its way as a cornerstone of integrated care for patients with lung cancer.Level of EvidenceV
Pain Reduction and Repeat Injections After Transforaminal Epidural Injection With Particulate Versus Nonparticulate Steroid for the Treatment of Chronic Painful Lumbosacral Radiculopathy
Authors: McCormick Zachary L. , Cushman Daniel , Marshall Benjamin , Caldwell Mary , Patel Jaymin , Ghannad Leda , Eng Christine , Makovitch Steven , Babu Ashwin , Chu Samuel K. , Marciniak Christina , Walega David R. , Press Joel , Plastaras Christopher , Kennedy David J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe corticosteroid choice for a lumbar transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) remains controversial. Whether to utilize particulate or nonparticulate steroid preparations for these injections remains an unanswered question in the literature.ObjectiveTo determine if a particulate or nonparticulate steroid is more effective in the treatment of electromyography (EMG)‐confirmed lumbosacral radiculopathy.DesignMulticenter retrospective cohort study.SettingTwo tertiary academic spine centers.PatientsConsecutive patients, aged 18 years or older, with EMG‐confirmed lumbosacral radiculopathy.InterventionsTFESI with a particulate or nonparticulate steroid to treat radicular pain within 6 months of EMG.Main Outcome MeasuresThe primary outcome was the proportion of patients with ≥50% pain reduction on the numerical rating scale after TFESI. Secondary outcomes included mean numerical rating scale score reduction and number of repeat TFESIs. Short‐term (<30 days) and intermediate (≥30 days) outcomes were compared between patients who received a TFESI with a particulate versus nonparticulate steroid.ResultsSeventy‐eight patients, with an age ± standard deviation of 56 ± 16 years and a mean symptom duration of 49 ± 71 months, were included. Forty‐one patients (52%) received dexamethasone, 23 (30%) received triamcinolone, and 14 (18%) received betamethasone. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of patients who reported ≥50% pain reduction between the particulate and nonparticulate groups at short‐term follow‐up (35%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 21‐51 versus 28%; 95% CI, 13‐43) or at intermediate follow‐up (40%; 95% CI, 21‐59 versus 39%; 95% CI, 19‐59). There was no difference in the mean number of injections administered between groups at intermediate follow‐up (P = .26).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates no significant differences in pain reduction or the number of repeat injections with particulate compared with nonparticulate transforaminal epidural steroid injection in patients with EMG‐confirmed painful lumbosacral radiculopathy. These findings suggest a new population for whom nonparticulate steroid appears to be an appropriate first‐line therapy, although confirmation with a randomized study is needed.Level of EvidenceIII
PRICING IN REINSURANCE BARGAINING WITH COMONOTONIC ADDITIVE UTILITY FUNCTIONS
Authors: Boonen Tim J. , Tan Ken Seng , Zhuang Sheng Chao 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOptimal reinsurance indemnities have widely been studied in the literature, yet the bargaining for optimal prices has remained relatively unexplored. Therefore, the key objective of this paper is to analyze the price of reinsurance contracts. We use a novel way to model the bargaining powers of the insurer and reinsurer, which allows us to generalize the contracts according to the Nash bargaining solution, indifference pricing and the equilibrium contracts. We illustrate these pricing functions by means of inverse-Sshaped distortion functions for the insurer and the Value-at-Risk for the reinsurer.
Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents and young adults
Authors: Black Lucinda J. , Burrows Sally , Lucas Robyn M. , Marshall Carina E. , Huang Rae-Chi , Chan She Ping-Delfos Wendy , Beilin Lawrence J. , Holt Patrick G. , Hart Prue H. , Oddy Wendy H. , Mori Trevor A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractEvidence associating serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors is inconsistent and studies have largely been conducted in adult populations. We examined the prospective associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood in the West Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations, BMI, homoeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), TAG, HDL-cholesterol and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured at the 17-year (n 1015) and 20-year (n 1117) follow-ups. Hierarchical linear mixed models with maximum likelihood estimation were used to investigate associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and cardiometabolic risk factors, accounting for potential confounders. In males and females, respectively, mean serum 25(OH)D concentrations were 73·6 (sd 28·2) and 75·4 (sd 25·9) nmol/l at 17 years and 70·0 (sd 24·2) and 74·3 (sd 26·2) nmol/l at 20 years. Deseasonalised serum 25(OH)D3 concentrations were inversely associated with BMI (coefficient −0·01; 95 % CI −0·03, −0·003; P=0·014). No change over time was detected in the association for males; for females, the inverse association was stronger at 20 years compared with 17 years. Serum 25(OH)D concentrations were inversely associated with log-HOMA-IR (coefficient −0·002; 95 % CI −0·003, −0·001; P<0·001) and positively associated with log-TAG in females (coefficient 0·002; 95 % CI 0·0008, 0·004; P=0·003). These associations did not vary over time. There were no significant associations between serum 25(OH)D concentrations and HDL-cholesterol or SBP. Clinical trials in those with insufficient vitamin D status may be warranted to determine any beneficial effect of vitamin D supplementation on insulin resistance, while monitoring for any deleterious effect on TAG.
‘Realities side by side’: God's patience and Abraham's humanity in Genesis 18:16–33
Authors: Wynne Jeremy J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThis paper argues that in Jesus Christ ‘real humanity’ is revealed as a gift of thepatientGod, who gives time and space to creatures. While Karl Barth's work inChurch Dogmatics§30.3 focuses on God's patience as a mode of hisredeemingpresence, §44.3 opens up towards, but leaves undeveloped, aprovidentialmode of patience, in which God constitutes his people by choosing them and giving them all they require to hear his Word and respond in obedience. Recognising God's patience in these distinct modes allows biblical instances of divine–human dialogue to be heard in new and compelling ways. For example, it allows Genesis 18:16–33 to be understood as foregrounding Abraham'sjoyful responsibilityto engage with God, making that event, in all its contingency,thedescription of who Abraham is as real man. In this way, a complete theological anthropology has at its heart God's own perfection of patience.
Enhanced efficiency of femtosecond laser-driven proton generation from a two-species target with heavy atoms
Authors: Domański J. , Badziak J. , Jabłoński S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractUsing two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, the properties of a proton beam generated from a thin erbium hydride target irradiated by a 25 fs laser pulse of intensity ranging from 1020 to 1021 W/cm2 are investigated and compared with the features of a proton beam produced from a hydrocarbon (CH) target. It is shown that in case of using the hydride target the mean proton energy and the number of high-energy (>10 MeV) protons as well as the peak proton pulse intensity can be higher by a factor ~10 than the ones obtained from the CH target.
Particle-in-cell simulations of the long proton beam focusing in background plasmas
Authors: Zhang L.-Y. , Zhao X.-Y. , Qi X. , Duan W.-S. , Yang L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractA two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is carried out to study the focusing effects of the long proton beam propagating in background plasmas. It is found that the smooth beam, with the long length and the small density gradient profile, is focused to high density. The sharp beam, with long length and the large density gradient profile, is modulated into many high density and periodic short beam pulses due to the wakefield induced by the beam. In addition, increasing the plasma density and adopting the non-uniform plasmas are the effective ways to reduce the wakefield.
Stopping power of a heterogeneous warm dense matter
Authors: Casas D. , Andreev A.A. , Schnürer M. , Barriga-Carrasco M.D. , Morales R. , González-Gallego L. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe stopping power of warm dense matter (WDM) is estimated by means of the individual contributions of free electrons and bound electrons existing in this special kind of matter, located between classical and degenerate plasmas. For free electrons, the dielectric formalism, well described in our studies, is used to estimate the free electron stopping power. For bound electrons, the mean excitation energy of ions is used. Excitation energies are obtained through atomic calculations of the whole atom or, shell by shell in order to estimate their stopping power. Influence of temperature and density is analyzed in case of an impinging projectile. This influence becomes important for low projectile velocities and is negligible for high ones. Using free and bound electron analysis, the stopping power of an extended WDM is inferred from a dynamical calculation of energy transferred from the projectile to the plasma, where the stopping range is calculated. Finally, this theoretical framework is used to study a typical plasma density profile of a WDM heated by lasers.
Numerical simulation of Raman and Brillouin laser-pulse amplification in a magnetized plasma
Authors: Shoucri Magdi 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe apply an Eulerian Vlasov code to study the amplification of an ultra-short seed pulse via stimulated Raman and Brillouin backscattering of energy from a long pump pulse, assumed at constant amplitude, in a plasma embedded in an external magnetic field. Detailed analysis of the spectra developed during the amplification process are presented, together with the evolution showing the pump depletion, accompanied by the counter-propagating seed-pulse amplification, compression and increased steepness of the waveform. In addition to the problem of the amplification of ultra-short seed pulses, there is an obvious academic interest in the study of problems of amplification of electromagnetic waves observed in many situations in laboratory plasmas and in the magnetosphere and other geophysical situations, such as in the environments of planets, where important variations in the presence and strength of magnetic fields are observed. The numerical code solves a one-dimensional relativistic Vlasov–Maxwell set of equations for a plasma in a magnetic field for both electrons and ions. We also apply the code to the problem of wakefield acceleration. The absence of noise in the Eulerian Vlasov code allows one to follow the evolution of the system with an accurate representation of the phase-space structures of the distribution functions.
“Limbic Predilection in Alzheimer Dementia: Is Reactivated Herpesvirus Involved?”
Authors: Ball Melvyn J. 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARY:In the brains of patients with senile dementia of the Alzheimer type (SDA T), the quantitatively pathognomonic neuronal lesions (tangles, plaques, granulovacuolar degeneration, Hirano bodies, and nerve cell loss) are predisposed to occur especially within the limbic system. Anatomical and physiological studies indicate that fibres from the trigeminal ganglia innervate meninges and vessels within the middle and anterior cranial fossae, especially in the same subfrontal and mesial temporal regions preferentially afflicted in acute herpes encephalitis. These limbic regions are critical for normal memory processing and recall. Explantation and cocultivation techniques have recently demonstrated Herpes simplex virus in many human trigeminal ganglia, which also reveal a life-long lymphocytic infiltration in the absence of any pathological changes in the sensory neurones. These lymphocytes may represent a histological marker of latent herpes virus, which when reactivating is well-established as the ganglionic source of recurrent herpes labialis. It is suggested that reactivation of the same dormant viral material travelling centripetally instead might be the cause of the “degenerative” lesions typical both of Alzheimer’s Disease and of the normal aged human brain.
The consumption of wild meat in Madagascar: drivers, popularity and food security
Authors: REUTER KIM E. , RANDELL HALEY , WILLS ABIGAIL R. , SEWALL BRENT J. 
Published: April 2016

SUMMARYThe role of wild meat for subsistence or as a luxury good is debated. We investigated the role of wild meat in food security in Madagascar, where consumption is poorly understood in urban areas and at regional scales. Using semi-structured interviews (n = 1339 heads-of-households, 21 towns), we aimed to: (1) quantify the amount and purpose of, (2) understand the drivers of, and (3) examine changes in wild meat consumption. Few respondents preferred wild meat (8 ± 3%) but most had eaten it at least once in their lifetime (78 ± 7%). Consumption occurred across ethnic groups, in urban and rural settings. More food insecure areas reported higher rates of wild meat consumption in the 6–8 months prior to interviews. Consumption was best explained by individual preferences and taboos. Less than 1% of respondents had increased consumption during their lifetimes. Wild meat prices showed no change from 2005–2013. Most consumption involved wild pigs and smaller-sized animals, though they were consumed less in the years following the 2009 coup. These data illustrate the differences between urban and rural communities, the occasions in which wild meat is used a source of food security, and provide evidence that some taxa are not hunted sustainably in Madagascar.
Descending aortic flow reversal in obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Nair Anupama K. , Radhakrishnan Sitaraman , Iyer Krishna S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIn this study, we present the case of a neonate with obstructed infracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection with severe pulmonary hypertension and a patent ductus arteriosus with right-to-left shunting. The patient had an unusual finding of pandiastolic flow reversal in the upper descending thoracic aorta. He underwent emergency surgical re-routing of the pulmonary veins to the left atrium, and postoperative echocardiography showed disappearance of the descending aortic flow reversal. We hypothesise that in severely obstructed total anomalous pulmonary venous connection the left ventricular output may be extremely low, resulting in flow reversal in the descending aorta.
Large bilateral adrenal haemorrhages in a newborn with unrepaired cyanotic CHD
Authors: Morgan Lerraughn M. , Austin Erle H. , Holland Brian J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractManagement of newborns with cyanotic CHD and bilateral adrenal haemorrhages has not previously been described in the literature. These abnormalities present unique challenges due to the potential for haemodynamic instability, need for open heart surgery and associated systemic anticoagulation in the newborn period, and the risk of catastrophic bleeding.
Early echocardiographic predictor of heart failure in cerebral arteriovenous malformations
Authors: Thankavel Poonam P. , Ramaciotti Claudio 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNeonatal congestive heart failure in cerebral arteriovenous malformations carries a high risk of mortality. Severe heart failure leading to end-organ dysfunction may be a contraindication to early intervention. Although echocardiographic markers of haemodynamic instability exist, an objective echocardiographic predictor of severe heart failure is not available. We present a ratio of antegrade to retrograde flow in the aortic arch that objectively identifies those at the highest risk of mortality. This measurement can be easily obtained and has prognostic value at presentation, before clinical deterioration. Outcomes remain poor even when early intervention is offered, which may reflect irreversible neurological abnormalities.
Rare associations of tetralogy of Fallot with anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery and totally anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Authors: Sen Supratim , Rao Suresh G. , Kulkarni Snehal 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe describe the cases of two patients with tetralogy of Fallot, aged 4 years and 8 months, who were incidentally detected to have concomitant anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery and total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, respectively, on preoperative imaging. They underwent surgical correction with good mid-term outcomes. In this study, we discuss the embryological basis, physiological effects, and review the literature of these two unusual associations. Awareness of these rare associations will avoid missed diagnoses and consequent surgical surprises.
Psychosocial needs of children undergoing an invasive procedure for a CHD and their parents
Authors: Levert Eveline M. , Helbing Willem A. , Dulfer Karolijn , van Domburg Ron T. , Utens Elisabeth M. W. J. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the psychosocial needs of both parents of children with CHD (aged 0–18 years) and patients themselves (aged 8–18 years) in the week before cardiac surgery or a catheter intervention.PatientsEligible participants included all consecutive patients (0–18 years) scheduled to undergo cardiac surgery or a catheter intervention in our hospital between March, 2012 and July, 2013. Psychosocial needs were assessed using a disease-specific questionnaire designed for this study, consisting of a 83-item parent version and a 59-item child version (for children ⩾8 years), each covering five domains: physical/medical, emotional, social, educational/occupational, and health behaviour; two items assessed fromwhomand in whatformatpsychosocial care was preferred. Quality of life was also assessed.InterventionsIf parents/patients reported a need for psychosocial care, referral to adequate mental health-care professionals was arranged.ResultsMore than 40% of participatingparentsand >50% of participatingchildrenreported a need for psychosocial care on each of the five domains. Needs for psychosocial care forparents themselveswere highest for those with children aged 0–12 years. Parents and patients report clear preferences when asked fromwhomand in whatformatthey would like to receive psychosocial care. Quality of life was relatively high for both parents and patients. Psychosocial care interventions in our hospital increased significantly after the implementation of this study.ConclusionsResults show that psychosocial care is rated as (very) important by both parents and children during an extremely stressful period of their life.