bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of postharvest UV-C treatment on anthocyanin biosynthesis in fresh-cut red cabbage
Authors: Wu Jie , Liu Wen , Yuan Li , Guan Wen-Qiang , Brennan Charles S. , Zhang Yang-Yong , Zhang Jie , Wang Zhi-Dong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRed cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata f. rubra DC.) is a fresh edible vegetable consumed globally that contains high levels of antioxidant compounds including anthocyanins. In this study, fresh-cut red cabbage was treated with different Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) dosages. Fifteen cyanidin derivatives were observed in UV-C treated fresh-cut red cabbage; four of these were anthocyanins absent in control samples. The optimum dose of UV-C for enhancing total anthocyanin content in fresh-cut red cabbage was 3.0 kJ/m2. Different UV-C irradiation doses resulted in miscellaneous responses for each of the anthocyanin compounds, and these alterations appeared to be dose-dependent. The expression of genes relating to anthocyanin metabolism was altered by UV-C irradiation. For example, genes for biosynthetic enzymes including glycosyltransferase and acyltransferase, as well as R2R3 MYB transcription factors (production of anthocyanin pigment 1 and MYB114), had strongly increased expression following UV-C treatment. These results are in accord with the roles of these gene products in anthocyanin metabolism. This is, to the authors’ knowledge, the first report demonstrating that UV-C treatment can increase the antioxidant activity in fresh-cut red cabbage in storage. Moreover, our detailed phytochemical and gene expression analysis establish specific roles for both anthocyanins and metabolism genes in this process.
HDNetDB: A Molecular Interaction Database for Network-Oriented Investigations into Huntington’s Disease
Authors: Kalathur Ravi Kiran Reddy , Pedro Pinto José , Sahoo Biswanath , Chaurasia Gautam , Futschik Matthias E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHuntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin gene. Although HD is monogenic, its molecular manifestation appears highly complex and involves multiple cellular processes. The recent application of high throughput platforms such as microarrays and mass-spectrometry has indicated multiple pathogenic routes. The massive data generated by these techniques together with the complexity of the pathogenesis, however, pose considerable challenges to researchers. Network-based methods can provide valuable tools to consolidate newly generated data with existing knowledge, and to decipher the interwoven molecular mechanisms underlying HD. To facilitate research on HD in a network-oriented manner, we have developed HDNetDB, a database that integrates molecular interactions with many HD-relevant datasets. It allows users to obtain, visualize and prioritize molecular interaction networks using HD-relevant gene expression, phenotypic and other types of data obtained from human samples or model organisms. We illustrated several HDNetDB functionalities through a case study and identified proteins that constitute potential cross-talk between HD and the unfolded protein response (UPR). HDNetDB is publicly accessible at http://hdnetdb.sysbiolab.eu.
The temperature sensitivity of soil organic carbon decomposition is greater in subsoil than in topsoil during laboratory incubation
Authors: Yan Dong , Li Jinquan , Pei Junmin , Cui Jun , Nie Ming , Fang Changming 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe turnover of soil organic carbon (SOC) in cropland plays an important role in terrestrial carbon cycling, but little is known about the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of SOC decomposition below the topsoil layer of arable soil. Here, samples of topsoil (0–20 cm) and subsoil (20–40 cm) layers were obtained from paddy fields and upland croplands in two regions of China. Using a sequential temperature changing method, soil respiration rates were calculated at different temperatures (8 °C to 28 °C) and fitted to an exponential equation to estimate Q10 values. The average SOC decomposition rate was 59% to 282% higher in the topsoil than in the subsoil layer because of higher labile carbon levels in the topsoil. However, Q10 values in the topsoil layer (5.29 ± 1.47) were significantly lower than those in the subsoil layer (7.52 ± 1.84). The pattern of Q10 values between the topsoil and subsoil was significantly negative to labile carbon content, which is consistent with the carbon quality-temperature hypothesis. These results suggest that the high temperature sensitivity of SOC decomposition in the subsoil layer needs to be considered in soil C models to better predict the responses of agricultural SOC pools to global warming.
Mental workload and neural efficiency quantified in the prefrontal cortex using fNIRS
Authors: Causse Mickaël , Chua Zarrin , Peysakhovich Vsevolod , Del Campo Natalia , Matton Nadine 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAn improved understanding of how the brain allocates mental resources as a function of task difficulty is critical for enhancing human performance. Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a field-deployable optical brain monitoring technology that provides a direct measure of cerebral blood flow in response to cognitive activity. We found that fNIRS was sensitive to variations in task difficulty in both real-life (flight simulator) and laboratory settings (tests measuring executive functions), showing increased concentration of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and decreased concentration of deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) in the prefrontal cortex as the tasks became more complex. Intensity of prefrontal activation (HbO2 concentration) was not clearly correlated to task performance. Rather, activation intensity shed insight on the level of mental effort, i.e., how hard an individual was working to accomplish a task. When combined with performance, fNIRS provided an estimate of the participants’ neural efficiency, and this efficiency was consistent across levels of difficulty of the same task. Overall, our data support the suitability of fNIRS to assess the mental effort related to human operations and represents a promising tool for the measurement of neural efficiency in other contexts such as training programs or the clinical setting.
Long noncoding RNA expression profile changes associated with dietary energy in the sheep testis during sexual maturation
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Yang Hua , Han Le , Li Fengzhe , Zhang Tingting , Pang Jing , Feng Xu , Ren Caifang , Mao Shengyong , Wang Feng 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSpermatogenesis can be affected by nutrition, which operates through normal physiological processes by changing the testicular mass and hormone levels profoundly. However, little is known regarding how testis development is regulated by long noncoding RNA (lncRNA). In this study, we investigated the effects of high-grain (HG) feeding on testis development during sexual maturation mediated by lncRNA. The HG diet group showed an increase in growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and testosterone (T) levels, and in the number of sperm in the seminiferous tubules compared with the hay-fed group (p
< 0.05). Moreover, we found 59 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and 229 DE mRNAs in sheep testis between the two groups. qRT-PCR results of 20 randomly selected DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were also consistent with the RNA-seq data. Through functional enrichment analysis and lncRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis, we screened several lncRNAs that may be enriched for male reproduction such as spermatogenesis, sperm motility, steroid hormones, MAPK and ErbB signaling pathways. This study provides a first insight into the development of the testis with HG feeding in sheep and shows that these changes are associated with alterations in lncRNA expression.
Intraoperative frozen section can be reduced in thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda categories V and VI
Authors: Huang Jing , Luo Jieli , Chen Jianshe , Sun Yang , Zhang Chao , Xu Kanlun , Ye Qin , Huang Pintong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntraoperative frozen section (FS) can be reduced during thyroid lobectomy according to the results of fine needle aspiration (FNA). We evaluated the role of intraoperative FS in thyroid nodules with different diagnostic categories of the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology by FNA. This retrospective study included 1,235 nodules collected via thyroidectomy with both preoperative FNA and intraoperative FS at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, from January 2011 to January 2014. FNA cytological diagnosis was classified into six categories, based on the Bethesda system. The diagnostic findings of FNA cytology and FS histology were compared with the final histological results. 189 nodules were benign. The remainder were malignant. FS diagnosis was more accurate than FNA diagnosis for nodules classified as Bethesda Categories II, III, and IV (P < 0.05). However, the accuracy of FNA diagnosis in nodules assigned Bethesda Categories V and VI was significantly higher than that of FS (P < 0.05). FS appears be beneficial for thyroid nodules classified as Bethesda categories I through IV. FS may not be necessary in nodules diagnosed as Bethesda Categories V and VI.
Charge screening strategy for domain pattern control in nano-scale ferroelectric systems
Authors: Yamada Tomoaki , Ito Daisuke , Sluka Tomas , Sakata Osami , Tanaka Hidenori , Funakubo Hiroshi , Namazu Takahiro , Wakiya Naoki , Yoshino Masahito , Nagasaki Takanori , Setter Nava 
Published: July 2017

AbstractStrain engineering is a widespread strategy used to enhance performance of devices based on semiconductor thin films. In ferroelectrics strain engineering is used to control the domain pattern: When an epitaxial film is biaxially compressed, e.g. due to lattice mismatch with the substrate, the film displays out-of-plane, often strongly enhanced polarization, while stretching the film on the substrate results in in-plane polarization. However, this strategy is of a limited applicability in nanorods because of the small rod/substrate contact area. Here we demonstrate another strategy, in which the polar axis direction is controlled by charge screening. When charge screening is maintained by bottom and top metallization, the nanorods display an almost pure c-domain configuration (polarization perpendicular to the substrate); when the sidewalls of the nanorods are metallized too, a-domain formation prevails (polarization parallel to the substrate). Simulations of the depolarization fields under various boundary conditions support the experimental observations. The employed approach can be expanded to other low-dimensional nano-scale ferroelectric systems.
Oncolytic measles virus enhances antitumour responses of adoptive CD8+NKG2D+ cells in hepatocellular carcinoma treatment
Authors: Chen Aiping , Zhang Yonghui , Meng Gang , Jiang Dengxu , Zhang Hailin , Zheng Meihong , Xia Mao , Jiang Aiqin , Wu Junhua , Beltinger Christian , Wei Jiwu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThere is an urgent need for novel effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Oncolytic viruses (OVs) not only directly lyse malignant cells, but also induce potent antitumour immune responses. The potency and precise mechanisms of antitumour immune activation by attenuated measles virus remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the potency of the measles virus vaccine strain Edmonston (MV-Edm) in improving adoptive CD8+NKG2D+ cells for HCC treatment. We show that MV-Edm-infected HCC enhanced the antitumour activity of CD8+NKG2D+ cells, mediated by at least three distinct mechanisms. First, MV-Edm infection compelled HCC cells to express the specific NKG2D ligands MICA/B, which may contribute to the activation of CD8+NKG2D+ cells. Second, MV-Edm-infected HCC cells stimulated CD8+NKG2D+ cells to express high level of FasL resulting in enhanced induction of apoptosis. Third, intratumoural administration of MV-Edm enhanced infiltration of intravenously injected CD8+NKG2D+ cells. Moreover, we found that MV-Edm and adoptive CD8+NKG2D+ cells, either administered alone or combined, upregulated the immune suppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) in HCC. Elimination of IDO1 by fludarabine enhanced antitumour responses. Taken together, our data provide a novel and clinically relevant strategy for treatment of HCC.
ConcatSeq: A method for increasing throughput of single molecule sequencing by concatenating short DNA fragments
Authors: Schlecht Ulrich , Mok Janine , Dallett Carolina , Berka Jan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSingle molecule sequencing (SMS) platforms enable base sequences to be read directly from individual strands of DNA in real-time. Though capable of long read lengths, SMS platforms currently suffer from low throughput compared to competing short-read sequencing technologies. Here, we present a novel strategy for sequencing library preparation, dubbed ConcatSeq, which increases the throughput of SMS platforms by generating long concatenated templates from pools of short DNA molecules. We demonstrate adaptation of this technique to two target enrichment workflows, commonly used for oncology applications, and feasibility using PacBio single molecule real-time (SMRT) technology. Our approach is capable of increasing the sequencing throughput of the PacBio RSII platform by more than five-fold, while maintaining the ability to correctly call allele frequencies of known single nucleotide variants. ConcatSeq provides a versatile new sample preparation tool for long-read sequencing technologies.
Avian reovirus p17 and σA act cooperatively to downregulate Akt by suppressing mTORC2 and CDK2/cyclin A2 and upregulating proteasome PSMB6
Authors: Huang Wei-Ru , Chi Pei-I , Chiu Hung-Chuan , Hsu Jue-Liang , Nielsen Brent L. , Liao Tsai-Ling , Liu Hung-Jen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAlthough we have shown that avian reovirus (ARV) p17-mediated inhibition of Akt leads to induction of autophagy, the precise mechanisms remain largely unknown. This study has identified a specific mechanism by which ARV coordinately regulates the degradation of ribosomal proteins by p17-mediated activation of E3 ligase MDM2 that targets ribosomal proteins and by σA-mediated upregulation of proteasome PSMB6. In addition to downregulating ribosomal proteins, p17 reduces mTORC2 assembly and disrupts mTORC2-robosome association, both of which inactivate mTORC2 leading to inhibition of Akt phosphorylation at S473. Furthermore, we discovered that p17 binds to and inhibits the CDK2/cyclin A2 complex, further inhibiting phosphorylation of Akt S473. The negative effect of p17 on mTORC2 assembly and Akt phosphorylation at S473 is reversed in cells treated with insulin or overexpression of CDK2. The carboxyl terminus of p17 is necessary for interaction with CDK2 and for induction of autophagy. Furthermore, p17-mediated upregulation of LC3-II could be partially reversed by overexpression of CDK2. The present study provides mechanistic insights into cooperation between p17 and σA proteins of ARV to negatively regulate Akt by downregulating complexes of mTORC2 and CDK2/cyclin A2 and upregulating PSMB6, which together induces autophagy and cell cycle arrest and benefits virus replication.
Numerical Simulations of Directed Self-Assembly in Diblock Copolymer Films using Zone Annealing and Pattern Templating
Authors: Hill Joseph D. , Millett Paul C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBulk fabrication of surface patterns with sub-20 nm feature sizes is immensely desirable for many existing and emerging technologies. Directed self-assembly (DSA) of block copolymers (BCPs) has been a recently demonstrated approach to achieve such feature resolution over large-scale areas with minimal defect populations. However, much work remains to understand and optimize DSA methods in order to move this field forward. This paper presents large-scale numerical simulations of zone annealing and chemo-epitaxy processing of BCP films to achieve long-range orientational order. The simulations utilize a Time-Dependent Ginzburg-Landau model and parallel processing to elucidate relationships between the magnitude and velocity of a moving thermal gradient and the resulting BCP domain orientations and defect densities. Additional simulations have been conducted to study to what degree orientational order can be further improved by combining zone annealing and chemo-epitaxy techniques. It is found that these two DSA methods do synergistically enhance long-range order with a particular relationship between thermal gradient velocity and chemical template spacing.
Nitrogen-Mediated Graphene Oxide Enables Highly Efficient Proton Transfer
Authors: Chai Guo-Liang , Shevlin Stephen A. , Guo Zhengxiao 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTwo-dimensional (2D) graphene and graphene oxide (GO) offer great potential as a new type of cost-efficient proton-exchange membranes (PEM) for electrochemical devices. However, fundamental issues of proton transfer mechanism via 2D membranes are unclear and the transfer barrier for perfect graphene are too high for practical application. Using ab initio molecular dynamic simulations, we screened the proton transfer barrier for different un-doped and nitrogen doped GO membranes, and clarified the corresponding transfer mechanisms. More significantly, we further identify that N-mediated GO can be built into a highly efficient PEM with a proton transfer rate of seven orders of magnitude higher than an un-doped case via. a proton relay mechanism between a ketone-like oxygen and a pyridine-like nitrogen across the vacancy site. The N-doped 2D GO is also impermeable to small molecules, and hence a highly efficient PEM for practical applications.
Physiological demands of a swimming-based video game: Influence of gender, swimming background, and exergame experience
Authors: Soltani Pooya , Figueiredo Pedro , Ribeiro João , Fernandes Ricardo J. , Vilas-Boas João Paulo 
Published: July 2017

AbstractActive video games (exergames) may provide short-term increase in energy expenditure. We explored the effects of gender and prior experience on aerobic and anaerobic energy systems contributions, and the activity profiles of 40 participants playing with a swimming exergame. We recorded oxygen consumption and assessed blood lactate after each swimming technique. We also filmed participants’ gameplays, divided them into different phases and tagged them as active or inactive. Anaerobic pathway accounted for 8.9 ± 5.6% of total energy expenditure and although experienced players were less active compared to novice counterparts (η² < 0.15, p < 0.05), physiological measures were not different between performing groups. However, players with real-swimming experience during the first technique had higher heart rate (partial-η² = 0.09, p < 0.05). Our results suggest that short-term increase in physiological measures might happen in the beginning of gameplay because of unfamiliarity with the game mechanics. Despite low levels of activity compared to real sport, both aerobic and anaerobic energy systems should be considered in the evaluation of exergames. Game mechanics (involving the whole body) and strategies to minimize pragmatic play might be used for effective and meaningful game experience.
Myosin 1b and F-actin are involved in the control of secretory granule biogenesis
Authors: Delestre-Delacour Charlène , Carmon Ophélie , Laguerre Fanny , Estay-Ahumada Catherine , Courel Maïté , Elias Salah , Jeandel Lydie , Rayo Margarita Villar , Peinado Juan R. , Sengmanivong Lucie , Gasman Stéphane , Coudrier Evelyne , Anouar Youssef , Montero-Hadjadje Maité 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHormone secretion relies on secretory granules which store hormones in endocrine cells and release them upon cell stimulation. The molecular events leading to hormone sorting and secretory granule formation at the level of the TGN are still elusive. Our proteomic analysis of purified whole secretory granules or secretory granule membranes uncovered their association with the actomyosin components myosin 1b, actin and the actin nucleation complex Arp2/3. We found that myosin 1b controls the formation of secretory granules and the associated regulated secretion in both neuroendocrine cells and chromogranin A-expressing COS7 cells used as a simplified model of induced secretion. We show that F-actin is also involved in secretory granule biogenesis and that myosin 1b cooperates with Arp2/3 to recruit F-actin to the Golgi region where secretory granules bud. These results provide the first evidence that components of the actomyosin complex promote the biogenesis of secretory granules and thereby regulate hormone sorting and secretion.
Metabolomic differential analysis of interspecific interactions among white rot fungi Trametes versicolor, Dichomitus squalens and Pleurotus ostreatus
Authors: Luo Feng , Zhong Zixuan , Liu Li , Igarashi Yasuo , Xie Deti , Li Nannan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractInterspecific fungal antagonism occurred commonly in the interaction zone of different white rot fungi. This competitive interaction could markedly influence the metabolic pathway of intracellular metabolites, which was associated with the fungal morphology change and growth restriction. So far, it remains unknown on intracellular metabolite regulation during fungal competitive interaction. Herein, we performed the metabolomic analysis of thein vivometabolite changes during competitive interaction between each two of the three white rot fungiTrametes versicolor,Pleurotus ostreatusandDichomitus squalensand identified differential metabolites in the interaction zone compared to each two isolates. Many metabolites in the carnitine, lipid, ethylene and trehalose metabolic pathways were significantly up-regulated. These metabolic pathways are all involved in defensive response to abiotic and/or biotic stressful condition.
Grammatical Morphology in Monolingual and Bilingual Children With and Without Language Impairment: The Case of Dutch Plurals and Past Participles
Authors: Boerma Tessel , Wijnen Frank , Leseman Paul , Blom Elma 
Published: July 2017

Purpose
Grammatical morphology is often a locus of difficulty for both children with language impairment (LI) and bilingual children. In contrast to previous research that mainly focused on verbal tense and agreement markings, the present study investigated whether plural and past participle formation can disentangle the effects of LI and bilingualism and, in addition, can point to weaknesses of LI that hold across monolingual and bilingual contexts.

Method

Monolingual and bilingual children with and without LI (
n
= 33 per group) were tested at 2 waves with a word formation task that elicited Dutch noun plurals and past participles. The quantity and quality of errors as well as children's development over time were examined.

Results
The plural formation task discriminated between monolingual children with and without LI, but a less differentiated picture emerged in the bilingual group. Moreover, plural accuracy showed fully overlapping language profiles of monolinguals with LI and bilinguals without LI, in contrast to accuracy scores on the past participle formation task. Error analyses suggested that frequent omission of participial affixes may be indicative of LI, irrespective of lingual status.

Conclusion
The elicited production of past participles may support a reliable diagnosis of LI in monolingual and bilingual learning contexts.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.5165689