bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Treatment of Acute Adhered Flexor Tendons Following Proximal Phalangeal Fracture: A Case Study
Authors: Kennedy Sue 
Published: July 2017

Adhered flexor tendons are an uncommon complication following the conservative management of proximal phalangeal (PP) fractures. However, failure to diagnose this condition in the acute setting will result in significant long-term digital stiffness and disability. Flexor tendons can become adhered following phalangeal fracture because the flexor tendons lie intimately aligned to the phalanges of the finger. Injury to the synovial lining of the tendons can result in inflammation and scarring. Callus formation may also cause adherence of tendons to bone. A case study is presented in which both flexor tendons are adhered at the proximal phalanx following two and a half weeks immobilisation after fracture. Treatment, involving a technique of non-surgical tenolysis of the flexor tendons, was employed. An anaesthetic block was used to remove pain and the patient encouraged to actively engage the digital flexor muscles to free the adhesions. The tendons freed with a ‘pop’ and active flexor tendon glide was immediately improved. Post-traumatic flexor tenosynovitis was evident following tendon release. This was successfully treated with steroid infiltration of the flexor sheath. Following exercise and oedema control, the patient was discharged after five treatments with a full range of movement of the affected finger.
Resisting Social Justice in Leadership Preparation Programs: Mechanisms that Subvert
Authors: Hernandez Frank , McKenzie Kathryn Bell 
Published: July 2017

It is well documented that the achievement gap between affluent students and economically disadvantaged students and between White students and students of color continues to widen. In addition to these achievement gaps, marginalizing practices are often imbedded in the structures of schooling. These challenges require educational leadership programs that effectively prepare school principals who can meet our most pressing school challenges and who, in particular, strive for social justice ends; however, the literature on leadership for social justice provides no clear consensus on what an entire educational leadership program oriented toward social justice would include. This study attempts to fill the gap in the literature by critically examining a curriculum and instruction leadership program that has social justice embedded into the program's core practices. Specifically we ask the following questions: What critical elements underlie programs that prepare professionals for social justice in fields outside of educational leadership? What can we learn from these programs in support of educational leadership programs whose aim is to prepare leaders for social justice? What possible resistance was faced by these programs, and what can we learn from these experiences that can inform our practice of preparing educational leaders for social justice? There were several key findings that range from how students were selected into the program to the way in which faculty worked with each other in their teaching responsibility. The paper concludes with implications and recommendations for principal-preparation programs.
Ibrutinib, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, exhibits antitumoral activity and induces autophagy in glioblastoma
Authors: Wang Jin , Liu Xiaoyang , Hong Yongzhi , Wang Songtao , Chen Pin , Gu Aihua , Guo Xiaoyuan , Zhao Peng 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults. Ibrutinib, a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor, is a novel anticancer drug used for treating several types of cancers. In this study, we aimed to determine the role of ibrutinib on GBM.

Methods
Cell proliferation was determined by using cell viability, colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry. Cell migratory ability was evaluated by wound healing assays and trans-well migration assays. ATG7 expression was knocked-down by transfection with Atg7-specific small interfering RNA. Overexpression of active Akt protein was achieved by transfecting the cells with a plasmid expressing constitutively active Akt (CA-Akt). Transmission electron microscopy was performed to examine the formation of autophagosomes in cells. Immunofluorescence and western blot analyses were used to analyze protein expression. Tumor xenografts in nude mice and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate the effect of ibrutinib on tumor growth in vivo.

Results
Ibrutinib inhibited cellular proliferation and migration, and induced apoptosis and autophagy in LN229 and U87 cells. Overexpression of the active Akt protein decreased ibrutinib-induced autophagy, while inhibiting Akt by LY294002 treatment enhanced ibrutinib-induced autophagy. Specific inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3MA) or Atg7 targeting with small interfering RNA (si-Atg7) enhanced the anti-GBM effect of ibrutinib in vitro and in vivo.

Conclusions
Our results indicate that ibrutinib exerts a profound antitumor effect and induces autophagy through Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in GBM cells. Autophagy inhibition promotes the antitumor activity of ibrutinib in GBM. Our findings provide important insights into the action of an anticancer agent combining with autophagy inhibitor for malignant glioma.
HIV treatment cascade among female entertainment and sex workers in Cambodia: impact of amphetamine use and an HIV prevention program
Authors: Muth Sokunny , Len Aynar , Evans Jennifer L. , Phou Maly , Chhit Sophal , Neak Yuthea , Ngak Song , Stein Ellen S. , Carrico Adam W. , Maher Lisa , Page Kimberly 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background
HIV prevalence remains high in Cambodia among female entertainment and sex workers (FESW), and amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use significantly increases risk of infection. A successful continuum of care (CoC) is key to effective clinical care and prevention. This study aimed to describe the HIV CoC in HIV-positive FESW. We examined CoC outcomes among HIV-positive FESW participating in the Cambodia Integrated HIV and Drug Prevention Implementation (CIPI) study, being implemented in ten provinces. CIPI is a trial aimed at reducing ATS use concomitant with the SMARTgirl HIV prevention program.

Methods
From 2013 to 2016, 1198 FESW ≥ 18 years old who reported multiple sex partners and/or transactional sex were recruited. We identified 88 HIV-positive women at baseline. We described linkage to care as 12-month retention and viral suppression (<1000 copies/mL). Logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine correlates of retention in care at 12 months, and viral suppression.

Results
Median age of the 88 HIV-positive women was 32 years [interquartile range (IQR) 28, 35]; 50% were working in entertainment venues and 50% as freelance sex workers; 70% reported SMARTgirl membership. In the past 3 months, women reported a median of 15 sex partners, 38% reported unprotected sex, and 55% reported using ATS. Overall, 88% were receiving HIV care, 83% were on antiretroviral therapy, 39% were retained in care at 12 months, and 23% were virally suppressed. SMARTgirl membership was independently associated with fourfold greater odds of 12-month retention in care (AOR = 4.16, 95% CI 1.38, 12.56). Those at high risk for an ATS use disorder had 91% lower odds of 12-month retention in care (AOR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.01, 0.72). Viral suppression was independently associated with SMARTgirl membership, older age, reporting of STI symptoms, worse symptoms of psychological distress, and greater numbers of sex partners.

Conclusions
This is the first study to characterize the HIV CoC in Cambodian FESW. While most women were successfully linked to HIV care, retention and viral suppression were low. Tailored programs like SMARTgirl, targeting the broader population of HIV-positive FESW as well as interventions to reduce ATS use could optimize the clinical and population health benefits of HIV treatment.
Trial registration This work reports data collected as part of a trial: NCT01835574. This work does not present trial results
High-quality draft genome sequence of a biofilm forming lignocellulolytic Aspergillus niger strain ATCC 10864
Authors: Paul Sujay , Ludeña Yvette , Villena Gretty K. , Yu Fengan , Sherman David H. , Gutiérrez-Correa Marcel 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFilamentous fungus Aspergillus niger has high industrial value due to their lignocellulolytic enzyme activities and ATCC 10864 is one of the few type strains of A. niger which has a unique biofilm forming capability. Here we report the first draft genome sequence of A. niger ATCC 10864 strain. The genome of A. niger ATCC 10864 is 36,172,237 bp long and comprise of 310 scaffolds with 49.5% average GC content. A total of 10,804 protein-coding genes were predicted among which 10,761 genes were with putative functions. A. niger ATCC 10864 genome coded for 709 putative carbohydrate active enzyme families distributed in six functional categories and among them glycoside hydrolases (GHs) represent the most number of families (279). Genes that include pepA, brlA, exgA, LaeA, rodA, GCN have also been identified in this study, which may play a role in biofilm formation. This high-quality draft genome sequence will facilitate our understanding of the mechanisms behind fungal biofilm formation and higher lignocellulolytic enzyme production.
Complete genome sequence of Leuconostoc suionicum DSM 20241T provides insights into its functional and metabolic features
Authors: Chun Byung Hee , Lee Se Hee , Jeon Hye Hee , Kim Dong-Woon , Jeon Che Ok 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe genome of Leuconostoc suionicum DSM 20241T (=ATCC 9135T = LMG 8159T = NCIMB 6992T) was completely sequenced and its fermentative metabolic pathways were reconstructed to investigate the fermentative properties and metabolites of strain DSM 20241T during fermentation. The genome of L. suionicum DSM 20241T consists of a circular chromosome (2026.8 Kb) and a circular plasmid (21.9 Kb) with 37.58% G + C content, encoding 997 proteins, 12 rRNAs, and 72 tRNAs. Analysis of the metabolic pathways of L. suionicum DSM 20241T revealed that strain DSM 20241T performs heterolactic acid fermentation and can metabolize diverse organic compounds including glucose, fructose, galactose, cellobiose, mannose, sucrose, trehalose, arbutin, salcin, xylose, arabinose and ribose.
Smear layer and debris removal from dentinal tubules using different irrigation protocols: scanning electron microscopic evaluation, an in vitro study
Authors: Wang Hsin-Hui , Sanabria-Liviac Daniel , Sleiman Philippe , Dorn Samuel O. , Jaramillo David E. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background
This study investigated the ability of different irrigation protocols to keep dentinal tubules (DT) open and avoid their blockage by the smear layer (SL) during the cleaning and shaping procedure (CSP).

Methods
Twenty-five extracted teeth were divided into five groups (n = 5): group 1, NaOCl was kept in the canal during instrumentation and then washed out with distilled water, and the canal was irrigated with NaOCl with EndoVac in between files; group 2, the same procedure as group 1, but NaOCl was replaced by EDTA; group 3, EDTA was kept in the canal during instrumentation and then washed out with distilled water, and the canal was irrigated with NaOCl with EndoVac in between files; group 4, the same as group 3, but NaOCl and EDTA were alternated; and group 5 (control), the procedure was the same with group 1, but NaOCl was replaced by distilled water. A scanning electron microscope was used to evaluate the cleanliness of DT at three different levels of the canals.

Results
Groups 3 and 4 showed better ability to keep DT open during CSP than the other groups. Group 4 only showed statistically significant better results than group 3 at middle third (P < 0.0001).

Conclusions
Alternating the use of NaOCl and EDTA with water in between can keep DT open better and avoid their blockage by SL during CSP compared with the use of NaOCl or EDTA alone.
Durable Molecular Remissions in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated With CD19-Specific Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Modified T Cells After Failure of Ibrutinib
Authors: Turtle Cameron J. , Hay Kevin A. , Hanafi Laïla-Aïcha , Li Daniel , Cherian Sindhu , Chen Xueyan , Wood Brent , Lozanski Arletta , Byrd John C. , Heimfeld Shelly , Riddell Stanley R. , Maloney David G. 
Published: July 2017

Purpose We evaluated the safety and feasibility of anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor–modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who had previously received ibrutinib. Methods Twenty-four patients with CLL received lymphodepleting chemotherapy and anti-CD19 CAR-T cells at one of three dose levels (2 × 105, 2 × 106, or 2 × 107 CAR-T cells/kg). Nineteen patients experienced disease progression while receiving ibrutinib, three were ibrutinib intolerant, and two did not experience progression while receiving ibrutinib. Six patients were venetoclax refractory, and 23 had a complex karyotype and/or 17p deletion. Results Four weeks after CAR-T cell infusion, the overall response rate (complete response [CR] and/or partial response [PR]) by International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (IWCLL) criteria was 71% (17 of 24). Twenty patients (83%) developed cytokine release syndrome, and eight (33%) developed neurotoxicity, which was reversible in all but one patient with a fatal outcome. Twenty of 24 patients received cyclophosphamide and fludarabine lymphodepletion and CD19 CAR-T cells at or below the maximum tolerated dose (≤ 2 × 106 CAR-T cells/kg). In 19 of these patients who were restaged, the overall response rate by IWCLL imaging criteria 4 weeks after infusion was 74% (CR, 4/19, 21%; PR, 10/19, 53%), and 15/17 patients (88%) with marrow disease before CAR-T cells had no disease by flow cytometry after CAR-T cells. Twelve of these patients underwent deep IGH sequencing, and seven (58%) had no malignant IGH sequences detected in marrow. Absence of the malignant IGH clone in marrow of patients with CLL who responded by IWCLL criteria was associated with 100% progression-free survival and overall survival (median 6.6 months follow-up) after CAR-T cell immunotherapy. The progression-free survival was similar in patients with lymph node PR or CR by IWCLL criteria. Conclusion CD19 CAR-T cells are highly effective in high-risk patients with CLL after they experience treatment failure with ibrutinib therapy.
The conventional autopsy in modern medicine
Authors: Ayoub Tariq , Chow Jade 
Published: July 2017

Summary In many countries, including the UK, where relatives' consent is required, clinical autopsy rates (i.e. autopsies other than those required by law) have been declining since the 1950s. In the UK, even in teaching hospitals, the clinical autopsy rate has fallen to only 10% of deaths or less. At this rate of decline, clinical autopsies – and the pathologists who perform them – face extinction. The future practice of medicine will be blind to the many adverse consequences of clinical actions or omissions. The reasons for this decline are manifold and these have to be addressed if autopsy is to stand a chance of survival. The future of autopsy lies in promoting public support for autopsies, in some cases adapting the autopsy to address specific questions, thus making more effective use of information from autopsies. Only by ensuring that the next generation of doctors have experienced the powerful educational benefit of examining the body after death will the importance of autopsy to modern medicine be understood.
Use of impedance ratios to assess hand swelling in lymphoedema
Authors: Dylke E S , Alsobayel H , Ward L C , Liu M , Webb E , Kilbreath S L 
Published: July 2017

Objectives To determine whether bioimpedance spectroscopy was suitable for detection of hand lymphoedema. Methods The hands of 50 participants without a history of lymphoedema were measured with perometry and bioimpedance spectroscopy after positioning two ways for three minutes: (a) both hands rested at heart height and (b) the dominant hand at heart height and the non-dominant hand at head height. In addition, 10 women with secondary hand lymphoedema were also measured. Results Impedance and volume measurements were found to be strongly related (dominant hand r = −0.794). Both measurements were reliable (ICC2,1 = 0.900–0.967 and 0.988–0.996, respectively). Impedance was more sensitive to small changes in hand volume due to the postural change (position × device interaction: F = 23.9, P < 0.001). Finally, impedance measurements had better discrimination of women with lymphoedema than volume measurements. Conclusions Bioimpedance spectroscopy is a promising tool for the detection of secondary hand lymphoedema.
Linking health facility data from young adults aged 18-24 years to longitudinal demographic data: Experience from The Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System
Authors: Nyundo Christopher , Doyle Aoife M. , Walumbe David , Otiende Mark , Kinuthia Michael , Amadi David , Jibendi Boniface , Mochamah George , Kihuha Norbert , Williams Thomas N. , Ross David A. , Bauni Evasius 
Published: July 2017

Background: In 2014, a pilot study was conducted to test the feasibility of linking clinic attendance data for young adults at two health facilities to the population register of the Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS). This was part of a cross-sectional survey of health problems of young people, and we tested the feasibility of using the KHDSS platform for the monitoring of future interventions. Methods: Two facilities were used for this study. Clinical data from consenting participants aged 18-24 years were matched to KHDSS records. Data matching was achieved using national identity card numbers or otherwise using a matching algorithm based on names, sex, date of birth, location of residence and the names of other homestead members. A study form was administered to all matched patients to capture reasons for their visits and time taken to access the services. Distance to health facility from a participants’ homestead was also computed. Results: 628 participated in the study: 386 (61%) at Matsangoni Health Centre, and 242 (39%) at Pingilikani Dispensary. 610 (97%) records were matched to the KHDSS register. Most records (605; 96%) were matched within these health facilities, while 5 (1%) were matched during homestead follow-up visits. 463 (75.9%) of those matched were women. Antenatal care (25%), family planning (13%), respiratory infections (9%) and malaria (9%) were the main reasons for seeking care. Antenatal clinic visits (n=175) and malaria (n=27) were the commonest reasons among women and men, respectively. Participants took 1-1.5 hours to access the services; 490 (81.0%) participants lived within 5 kilometres of a facility. Conclusions: With a full-time research clerk at each health facility, linking health-facility attendance data to a longitudinal HDSS platform was feasible and could be used to monitor and evaluate the impact of health interventions on health care outcomes among young people.
Latinoamérica, entre la utopía de salvación y la utopía del progreso
Authors: Pinto Mantilla José Alberto 
Published: July 2017

<p>El propósito de esta publicación es analizar el proceso histórico dado durante la dependencia metrópoli colonia y del Estado colonial. La investigación pone de manifiesto el influjo de los reyes católicos y su orden social, el cual cesó durante la colonia, pero su mentalidad continúa vigente. Trayendo a cuestas la herencia colonial, la élite criolla acogió el liberalismo sajón, vinculándose rápidamente, con su riqueza agropecuaria y minera, en el mercado mundial. Esta élite, conocedora del motín jacobino, usó su arenga libertaria sin hacer los cambios económicos y políticos que realizó la Revolución Francesa. El criollo, además, erigió la raza como emblema de civilidad y progreso, y como un buen<br />ejemplo de implementación; esto lo vemos en los gobernantes de la naciente república de Estados Unidos, quienes avizorando el desarrollo del capitalismo promovieron la emigración de europeos con todas las facilidades para que cercaran vastos territorios. El neoliberalismo recoge su idea de libertad, en la libertad de empresa, pues todos ofertamos trabajo y consumimos; esta<br />utopía fabril y de lucro es la nueva religión. A partir del marco teórico y de conceptos argumentados de Max Weber y con una metodología de análisis comparativo, se toman las reflexiones de varios autores que fortalecen la hipótesis “que el mercado y libertades decidan la suerte humana y natural, llevará a un final de espanto, pues, el hombre olvidó su casa y el tiempo que precisó la vida para crecer y progresar; ignoró que es más fácil que todas las almas vayan al cielo que replicar la dicha del rico para siete mil millones de seres”. Se trata, pues, en este análisis de deconstruir el imaginario de progreso; resaltar que el hombre y la sociedad nacieron en armonía natural, acatando los ciclos naturales y acoplados al medio ambiental. Hoy se insiste en la utopía terrena o celestial olvidando la crisis ambiental. Mundo utópico y antinatural, pero el escenario donde el modelo neoliberal operará hasta el día del juicio final.</p>
El turismo comunitario como iniciativa de desarrollo local. Caso localidades de Ciudad Bolívar y Usme zona rural de Bogotá
Authors: Burgos Doria Rosalía 
Published: July 2017

<p>El presente artículo de revisión bibliográfica pretende identificar los estudios que se han realizado en torno al desarrollo del turismo comunitario en algunos países de Latinoamérica y determinar cuál ha sido la contribución al mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de las comunidades que lo han adelantado. Esto con el fin de construir un marco referencial de base al proyecto de la investigación en curso adscrito al grupo interinstitucional girsa, cuyo propósito es impulsar el turismo comunitario como un motor de desarrollo para la consolidación de los destinos turísticos de las localidades de Ciudad Bolívar y Usme (zona rural) en Bogotá D.C. En este sentido, las referencias consultadas<br />corresponden a investigaciones y proyectos adelantados en contextos rurales, por organizaciones del sector público, privado y la academia, comprendidos entre el periodo de 2006 a 2015 en algunos países latinoamericanos. Por otra parte, se abordan las distintas normas y políticas que se han elaborado sobre el turismo en Colombia y cómo estas han contribuido para el desarrollo del turismo comunitario; se evidencian casos que en la actualidad son apoyados por el Gobierno nacional a través de cooperación internacional, también se presentan las recientes dinámicas urbano-rurales del distrito capital de Bogotá, al igual que la caracterización de las localidades que hacen parte del proyecto de investigación mencionado.</p>