bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterising the expression of the organic cation transporter OCT3 in cutaneous papillomas of dogs
Authors: Sanz Ressel Berenice Liyare , Gomez Castro Gimena , Mórtola Eduardo Carlos , Massone Adriana Raquel , Barbeito Claudio Gustavo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe identification of the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway as a frequent molecular event in canine cutaneous papillomas (CPs) has provided the rational foundation to explore novel molecular‐targeted therapies. Recent evidence indicates that metformin reduces the size of CPs in mice by inhibiting the mTOR signalling pathway. These effects require the expression of the organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3/SLC22A3), a well‐known metformin uptake transporter.Hypothesis/ObjectivesThe aim of the present study was to characterise the expression pattern of the metformin uptake transporter OCT3 in canine samples of CP that have shown activation of the mTOR signalling pathway in order to predict if this hyperplastic epidermal lesion is potentially sensitive to metformin.MethodsThe expression of OCT3 was evaluated by immunohistochemical investigation in sections of a previously constructed tissue microarray containing 28 samples of canine CP and compared with that previously evaluated for the mTOR activation marker pS6.ResultsOCT3 was highly expressed in the membrane and cytoplasm of the basal and suprabasal epidermal cells in all samples of canine CP. This OCT3 expression was localised at similar epidermal compartments to those observed for pS6.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThese results show that canine CPs exhibit the expression of surrogate markers that suggest sensitivity to metformin, such as upregulated OCT3 and pS6 expression. Taken together, these findings provide the rationale for the early assessment of the use of metformin as a mechanism‐based therapeutic approach for treating canine patients with persistent or multiple CPs.
Evaluating the concordance between International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision Code and stroke severity as measured by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale
Authors: Taha Mohamed , Habib Mamoon , Lomachinsky Victor , Hadar Peter , Newhouse Joseph P , Schwamm Lee H , Blacker Deborah , Moura Lidia M V R 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores have been used to evaluate acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) severity in clinical settings. Through the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision Code (ICD-10), documentation of NIHSS scores has been made possible for administrative purposes and has since been increasingly adopted in insurance claims. Per Centres for Medicare & Medicaid Services guidelines, the stroke ICD-10 diagnosis code must be documented by the treating physician. Accuracy of the administratively collected NIHSS compared with expert clinical evaluation as documented in the Paul Coverdell registry is however still uncertain.MethodsLeveraging a linked dataset comprised of the Paul Coverdell National Acute Stroke Program (PCNASP) clinical registry and matched individuals on Medicare Claims data, we sampled patients aged 65 and above admitted for AIS across nine states, from January 2017 to December 2020. We excluded those lacking documentation for either clinical or ICD-10-based NIHSS scores. We then examined score concordance from both databases and measured discordance as the absolute difference between the PCNASP and ICD-10-based NIHSS scores.ResultsAmong 87 996 matched patients, mean NIHSS scores for PCNASP and Medicare ICD-10 were 7.19 (95% CI 7.14 to 7.24) and 7.32 (95% CI 7.27 to 7.37), respectively. Concordance between the two scores was high as indicated by an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.93.ConclusionThe high concordance between clinical and ICD-10 NIHSS scores highlights the latter’s potential as measure of stroke severity derived from structured claims data.
Population-level effects on crime of recovering firearms from armed prohibited persons: intention-to-treat analysis of a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial in California cities
Authors: Wintemute Garen J , Tancredi Daniel , Pear Veronica A , Li Yueju , McCort Christopher D , Pierce Glenn , Braga Anthony A , Wright Mona A , Laqueur Hannah , Kravitz-Wirtz Nicole , Studdert David , Beckett Laurel 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundToo little is known about the effectiveness of efforts to prevent firearm violence. We evaluated California’s Armed and Prohibited Persons System (APPS), which identifies legal purchasers of firearms who have become prohibited persons and seeks to recover all firearms and ammunition to which they have access.Design and methodsThis cluster-randomised pragmatic trial was made possible by APPS’s expansion from a small pilot to a continuing statewide programme. We included 363 California cities, allocated to early (n=187) or later (n=176) intervention in blocks stratified by region within the state, and within region by population and violent crime rate. The study period began 1 February 2015; region-specific end dates ranged from 1 May 2015 to 1 February 2016. Analysis was on an intention-to-treat, difference-in-difference basis using generalised linear mixed models and generalised estimating equations with robust SEs. The population-level primary outcome measures were monthly city-level counts of firearm-related homicides, robberies and aggravated assaults. The primary model was adjusted for stratification variables; city-level population, population density, socioeconomic status and firearm purchasing; year; and month.FindingsAllocation groups were well balanced on baseline characteristics and implementation measures. In adjusted models, allocation to early intervention was not associated with statistically significant differences in any primary outcome measure; these findings were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses. There was some heterogeneity across regions.ConclusionsThe APPS intervention directly affects a very small percentage of the population, limiting its potential for population-level effects. Individual-level analyses may provide a better estimate of the intervention’s effectiveness.Trial registration numberNCT02318732.
Overall and race-specific associations between state-level minimum wage policy and food insecurity in the United States
Authors: Freije Sophia L , Wallace Maeve , Chaparro M Pia 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundIn the USA, states can set higher minimum wages than the federal government. We investigated the association between state minimum wages and racial/ethnic inequities in food insecurity.MethodsHousehold-level food insecurity and sociodemographic data were obtained from the cross-sectional Current Population Survey 2015–2019 (n=189 665 households) and merged by state and year with minimum wage and cost-of-living data obtained from the US Department of Labor and US Bureau of Economic Analysis, respectively. We fitted Poisson regression models with robust standard errors with 12-month or 30-day household food insecurity as the outcome, and minimum wage or inflation-adjusted minimum wage (ie, real wage) as the predictor, adjusting for cost of living, sociodemographic covariates and state fixed-effects. We tested interactions between minimum wage and race/ethnicity and ran race/ethnicity-stratified models.ResultsIn adjusted models, the real wage was not associated with 12-month or 30-day food insecurity. Minimum wage was associated with 5% lower prevalence rate of 12-month food insecurity (PR 0.95, 95% CI=0.93 to 0.98) and 7% lower prevalence rate of 30-day food insecurity (PR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.96) for all households. The interaction p values for race/ethnicity with real wage and minimum wage were p<0.001. In stratified models, results were statistically significant for minimum wage and 12-month food insecurity among non-Hispanic (NH) white households (PR 0.93, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.96) and Hispanic households (PR 0.95, 95% CI 0.92 to 0.98), and minimum wage and 30-day food insecurity among NH white (PR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.96), NH black (PR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99) and Hispanic (PR 0.90, 95% CI 0.85 to 0.95) households.ConclusionsHigher state-level minimum wages, but not real wages, were associated with lower food insecurity prevalence overall and for racial/ethnic subgroups.
Trans-umbilical access in the neonate with sheath preservation for intervention
Authors: Bazil Maximilian Jeremy , Shigematsu Tomoyoshi , Fifi Johanna T , Berenstein Alejandro 
Published: October 2024

High-flow vascular malformations in neonates may require emergent embolization to prevent or treat congestive heart failure when intervention is indicated.1 While transfemoral access is the traditional approach, this route may be complicated by the sheath size (typically 4F in our experience, as a smaller sheath system may prove suboptimal) needed for embolization. This is especially true when (1) multiple acute interventions are anticipated during the neonatal period and/or (2) when it is preferred to spare femoral access for future treatments in infancy or childhood.1–3 The safety and feasibility of using transumbilical (TU) access via the umbilical artery and maintaining an indwelling sheath post-procedurally has been previously described and indeed does spare the femoral arteries for later treatments; however, this technique has not yet been sufficiently demonstrated or reported to the extent that it could be easily reproduced.1–10 In this technical video, we detail the required materials and demonstrate a step-by-step guide to obtaining TU access in the context of neonatal vascular malformation embolization. Our practice has utilized this technique for decades and we hope that by sharing our methods with the neurointerventional community we may make this rarely performed procedure a feasible option for proceduralists (see video 1) .Video 1Technical instructional video for trans-umbilical access in the neonate with sheath preservation for intervention
Braids and beyond: a comprehensive study on pipeline device braid stability from PREMIER data
Authors: Rodriguez-Erazú Fernanda , Cortez Gustavo M , Lopes Demetrius K , Gutierrez-Aguirre Salvador F , De Toledo Otavio Frederico , Aghaebrahim Amin , Sauvageau Eric , Kallmes David F , Fiehler Jens , Hanel Ricardo A 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe pipeline embolization device (PED) has been increasingly used to treat brain aneurysms; however, concerns have been raised about braid stability with newer drawn filled tubing technology devices.ObjectiveTo evaluate braid stability of PED early generations using data from the PREMIER trial.MethodsAll consecutive intracranial aneurysms treated with PED (Classic and Flex) within the PREMIER trial were reviewed for braid stability (fish mouthing, foreshortening, braid bump, braid collapsing). Immediate postprocedure cone-beam CT and angiography were compared with 1- and 2- years' follow-up. Analyses included safety, measured with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, including +1 mRS point and a good clinical outcome (mRS score 0–2), vessel stenosis ≥50%, effectiveness measured with Raymond-Roy Scale, and re-treatment rates.Results133/141 aneurysms had a complete dataset. 8/133 (6%) aneurysms showed braid deformations. Inter-reader agreement was excellent (κ=0.83). Braid deformations were statistically significantly associated with in-stent vessel stenosis >50% (P=0.029), without impact on effectiveness or safety. Fish mouthing was found in 1/133 (0.75%) at 1 year, causing >50% vessel stenosis. Foreshortening occurred in 6/133 (4.5%), and braid bump in 1/133 (0.75%) associated with severe in-stent stenosis. Four other cases (3.0%) of asymptomatic in-stent stenosis due to neointimal hyperplasia were seen without braid changes. No new braid stability deformations were found at the 2-year follow-up.ConclusionOur study demonstrates excellent braid stability among patients treated with the PED Classic and Flex in the PREMIER trial. Within the uncommon braid changes observed, none affected the PED safety or efficacy.Trial registration numberNCT02186561.
Analysis and optimization of quantitative casting motion of a casting and pouring robot
Authors: Biaoxiong Xie , Xingang Miao , Jianqiang Xia 
Published: October 2024

According to the specifications of a 20 kg load for the casting barrel, we have crafted a three-dimensional model of the robot and scrutinized the three phases of liquid level variation within the casting barrel throughout the casting procedure. Following our analysis, it has been ascertained that the relationship between time and angle is an implicit function, rendering the discovery of an analytical expression for time in terms of angle unattainable. The dynamics of the casting barrel have been emulated using MATLAB, revealing the presence of critical points in the function plot. Upon fitting the original function with a fifth-degree polynomial interpolation, the resultant fifth-degree polynomial function depicting time against angular acceleration exhibits significant oscillations, particularly at the critical points. To address this, a proportional integral derivative algorithm, predicated on the discretization of time and acceleration functions, has been implemented for rectification. The outcomes demonstrate that this approach effectively diminishes the oscillation amplitude of the function plot and enhances its alignment with the original function.
A test of strangeness quantum number conservation in proton-proton collisions
Authors: Bierlich Christian , Cannito Stefano , Zaccolo Valentina 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe study delves into the production of (multi-) strange hadrons in proton-proton collisions at LHC. Novel observables are proposed to distinguish between Epos4, based on core-corona separation between a thermalised QGP phase and a vacuum phase with global strangeness conservation, and Pythia 8.3, based on microscopic interactions between Lund strings that conserve strangeness locally. Correlations between a $$\phi $$
ϕ
meson and (multi-)strange hadrons are shown to be an excellent discriminator between the two types of models.
The Climate-Changing Context of Inflation: Fossilflation, Climateflation, and the Environmental Politics of Green Central Banks
Authors: Jackson James 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this forum, I seek to demonstrate how the growing confluence of climate change and inflation offers a fruitful research agenda for environmental politics scholars. It develops two independent, yet interrelated, concepts first proposed by Schnabel: first, fossilflation, the legacy cost of the dependency on fossil energy sources, which has not been reduced forcefully enough over the past decades, and second, climateflation, the growing impact of natural disasters and severe weather events on economic activity and prices. With the subject of inflation often considered to be a contextual or descriptive feature of environmental issues, the economic implications of climate change have come to challenge the conventional understanding of the inflationary phenomenon. This article seeks to foster an interdisciplinary dialogue between scholars from different disciplinary backgrounds on the subject of climate change–induced inflation and the questions it presents for notions of “green” central banking.
Retrieval-style In-context Learning for Few-shot Hierarchical Text Classification
Authors: Chen Huiyao , Zhao Yu , Chen Zulong , Wang Mengjia , Li Liangyue , Zhang Meishan , Zhang Min 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Hierarchical text classification (HTC) is an important task with broad applications, and few-shot HTC has gained increasing interest recently. While in-context learning (ICL) with large language models (LLMs) has achieved significant success in few-shot learning, it is not as effective for HTC because of the expansive hierarchical label sets and extremely ambiguous labels. In this work, we introduce the first ICL-based framework with LLM for few-shot HTC. We exploit a retrieval database to identify relevant demonstrations, and an iterative policy to manage multi-layer hierarchical labels. Particularly, we equip the retrieval database with HTC label-aware representations for the input texts, which is achieved by continual training on a pretrained language model with masked language modeling (MLM), layer-wise classification (CLS, specifically for HTC), and a novel divergent contrastive learning (DCL, mainly for adjacent semantically similar labels) objective. Experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate superior performance of our method, and we can achieve state-of-the-art results in few-shot HTC.
Do Vision and Language Models Share Concepts? A Vector Space Alignment Study
Authors: Li Jiaang , Kementchedjhieva Yova , Fierro Constanza , Søgaard Anders 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Large-scale pretrained language models (LMs) are said to “lack the ability to connect utterances to the world” (Bender and Koller, 2020), because they do not have “mental models of the world” (Mitchell and Krakauer, 2023). If so, one would expect LM representations to be unrelated to representations induced by vision models. We present an empirical evaluation across four families of LMs (BERT, GPT-2, OPT, and LLaMA-2) and three vision model architectures (ResNet, SegFormer, and MAE). Our experiments show that LMs partially converge towards representations isomorphic to those of vision models, subject to dispersion, polysemy, and frequency. This has important implications for both multi-modal processing and the LM understanding debate (Mitchell and Krakauer, 2023).1
Power and Confidence
Authors: Yao Qingjiang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper, utilising data from the World Values Survey, presents a pioneering examination of citizens’ confidence in political parties in mainland China spanning a twenty-eight-year period, juxtaposed with global counterparts. The analysis unveils a consistent strengthening of confidence among mainland Chinese citizens in political parties, essentially the Chinese Communist Party, from 1990 to 2018, with a marginal decline around 2012. This heightened confidence secures a noteworthy second-place ranking globally. It exhibits a positive correlation with confidence in government, parliament, civil service, armed forces, police, courts, and the press. Additionally, it aligns positively with perceptions of politics as important in life, national pride, age, trust in people of different religions, willingness to have neighbours of different races, and a sense of a secure neighbourhood. Conversely, it demonstrates a negative association with postmaterialism, educational attainment, support for greater income differences as incentives for economic development, and reliance on TV news for understanding current events.
Sino-Italian Relations after the Belt and Road Initiative
Authors: Andornino Giovanni B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The fluctuations of Italy’s China policy have been attracting attention. The only G7 country to join Beijing’s Belt and Road Initiative in 2019, Italy was also the first European participant to withdraw in 2023. While scholars have investigated the rationales and implications of Rome’s actions, no satisfactory explanation has been provided as to why the Chinese government chose not to escalate tensions over Italy’s exit decision. This article argues that, faced with a degradation of trust in relations with the West, China has been attempting to balance its more assertive foreign policy with the need to strengthen its reputational security. Results from an original survey on the opinions about China held by Italian university students are then used to empirically assess China’s reputation among a strategically attentive public. Research findings from the 1,072-strong sample show that reputational capital resides with Chinese society more than with the PRC state, and that while the PRC is widely expected to match the US in economic might and global influence, Beijing’s policies in key realms such as the Ukraine war and the Covid-19 pandemic have been counterproductive for the preservation of China’s reputational security among individuals who are likely to play a key role in future Sino-Italian relations.
Perinatal administration of Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 prevents asthma development in the offspring of mice
Authors: Sandy C.M. , Guimarães C.C. , Fonseca V.M.B. , Nicoli J.R. , Martins F.S. , Borges M.C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Asthma prevalence has been increasing in communities that become more urbanised. Our previous results showed that Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 prevented the development of asthma symptoms and characteristics in a dose-dependent manner. Perinatal programming theory proposes that early exposure to some stimuli may have a protective effect in adult life. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of perinatal administration of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 in the prevention of asthma in the offspring of mice. S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 was cultured in YPD broth medium and administered to three groups of mice: before conception, during gestation and lactation (CGL group); during gestation and lactation (GL group); and only during lactation (L group). The offspring of these animals were sensitised and challenged with ovalbumin. Two control groups received saline in the same periods. After, in vivo measurements of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) were performed. Total and differential cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); ELISA for interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, and IL-17A in the lung homogenate or BAL; and ELISA for ovalbumin (OVA)-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) were performed. The animals of the CGL, GL, and L group, when compared to the OVA group, presented a significant reduction of AHR (), levels of IL-5 () in BAL, and IL-4 () and IL-13 () in the lung homogenate. Serum IgE levels were significantly higher () in CGL and GL groups when compared to the OVA group, but not in the L group. Only in the group L, there was a significant decrease in the number of total cells () and eosinophils (). Perinatal administration of S. cerevisiae UFMG A-905 prevented the development of asthma-like characteristics and may be an option for asthma management. The protective effects on the offspring were more prominent when the yeast was given during lactation.
Mechanizing the Waterfront: Labor Solidarity and the Postwar Automation of the Docks
Authors: Johnston Travis 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The International Longshoremen’s and Warehousemen’s Union (ilwu) was regarded as one of the most radical unions of the 20th Century. Led by the charismatic Harry Bridges, the ilwu helped engineer the 1934 San Francisco General Strike and effectively navigated the tumultuous postwar years. Yet, even the most fiercely anti-capitalist unions cannot resist change forever. In 1961, the union’s leadership accepted the M&M Agreements, ushering in a more collaborative approach to mechanizing the waterfront. Instead of strengthening the union, M&M produced new tensions, often along generational lines, between union officials and the rank-and-file. By the 1970s, containers and the machines that moved them had streamlined the loading and unloading of vessels, and with them returned the old concerns around job security. These fears were particularly acute among the younger, increasingly diverse, and more radical rank-and-file. A workforce that had not received their “share of the machine,” and were determined to fight back. When the M&M contracts elapsed in 1971, the longshoremen closed the West Coast ports in what would become the longest dock strike in U.S. history. Facing rising inflation and a hostile administration in Washington, the embattled union had little leverage and few friends to rely upon during the prolonged fight. The 1971 episode dealt a painful blow to a contractually weakened and politically ostracized union. Most importantly, the strike did little to address the larger concerns around the pace and control over mechanization—questions that remain to this day.