bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sugar apple (<i>Annona squamosa</i> L.) seed germination affected by the application of gibberellins
Authors: Martínez M. Fabio Ernesto , Miranda L. Diego , Magnitskiy Stanislav 
Published: May 2016

This research sought to establish the response of the germination percentage (PG), synchrony index (E), mean germination time (MGT) and mean germination rate (MGR) of Annona squamosa L. seeds from Apulo (province of Cundinamarca) and Castilla (province of Tolima), Colombia, to treatments with 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, or 800 mg L-1 of gibberellic acid (GA). All of the treatments with GA increased the PG at each point of time of seed incubation. The 600 mg L-1 GA treatment resulted in higher PGs (92.3% at 16 days for Apulo and 95% at 24 days for Castilla) and lower MGTs (8.75 and 5.38 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively) than those found with the concentration of 0 mg L-1 GA (17.68 and 10.88 days for Apulo and Castilla, respectively). Also, treating the seeds with 600 mg L-1 GA generated higher MGRs (0.18 and 0.12 germinated seeds/day for Castilla and Apulo, respectively) than those obtained with 0 mg L-1 GA (Castilla = 0.09 and Apulo = 0.06 germinated seeds/ day). Likewise, the germination was synchronized with the application of any concentration of GA. The results evidenced a positive response to the GA application, which provided a tool for the characterization of the phenomenon of dormancy in the A. squamosa seeds.
Temporal shifts of nitrite reducing communities in a rice field soil in Ibague (Colombia)
Authors: Castro-González Maribeb , Lima Amanda 
Published: May 2016

Denitrification and nitrification are microbial processes that regulate the cycle of nitrogen and nitrous oxide, which is considered an important greenhouse gas. Rice field soils have been known to have strong denitrifying activities; however, the microorganism structure that is responsible for denitrification and the temporal variation of these communities in the agricultural soils of Ibague (Colombia) is not well known. In this study, the denitrifying community composition was compared between a rice field soil and an uncultivated soil at three different times during the year using a terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the nirS functional gene, which codes the enzyme that reduces nitrite, one of the key steps in the denitrification process. The results showed changes in the richness, relative abundance and diversity of the operational taxonomic units between the soils and sampling times. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated that the moisture and the pH were the environmental factors that explained the observed changes in the nirS-type denitrifiers' community composition in the studied soils.
Genome characterization of a Potato virus S (PVS) variant from tuber sprouts of Solanum phureja Juz. et Buk
Authors: Vallejo C. Daniela , Gutiérrez S. Pablo Andrés , Marín M. Mauricio 
Published: May 2016

Potato virus S (PVS) is a prevalent virus in potato fields in Colombia and the rest of the world. PVS has been classified into two separate lineages, PVSO (Ordinary) and PVSA (An- dean), which are genetically distinct. In this study, the com- plete genome sequence of a new PVS isolate (PVS_Antioquia) was obtained using High-throughput sequencing (Illumina HiSeq-2000) from tuber sprouts of Solanum phureja (var. Criolla Colombia). The PVS_Antioquia genome comprises 8,483 nt that code for six ORFs: RdRp (223 kDa), TGBp1-3 (25kDa, 12kDa, 7kDa) CP (32.3 kDa) and NABP (11 kDa) and share a high sequence identity with respect to the PVS_RVC (>95%) from Colombia, in contrast to 81 to 82% identity with respect to the PVSA and PVSO isolates from around the world. This genome information was used to design RT-qPCR primers that are specific for the Colombian PVS strains (RVC and Antioquia) which were validated in S. phureja leaf and tuber samples. These primers detected PVS in 80 and 60% of a set of fifteen leaf and tuber samples, respectively, suggesting a high incidence of this virus in the potato crops of Antioquia.
Frequencies and population densities of plant-parasitic nematodes on banana (Musa AAA) plantations in Ecuador from 2008 to 2014
Authors: Aguirre Orlando , Chávez César , Giraud Alejandro , Araya Mario 
Published: May 2016

An analysis of the plant-parasitic nematodes found on the banana (Musa AAA) plantations in the provinces of Cañar, El Oro, Guayas, Los Rios and Santo Domingo of Ecuador from 2008 to 2014 was carried out. The nematode extraction was done from 25 g of fresh roots that were macerated in a blender and from which nematodes were recovered in a 0.025 mm (No 500) mesh sieve. The data were subjected to frequency analysis in PC-SAS and the absolute frequency was calculated for each individual genus. Four plant parasitic nematodes were detected and, based on their frequencies and population densities, the nematode genera in decreasing order was: Radopholus similis > Helicotylenchus spp. > Meloidogyne spp. > Pratylenchus spp. Radopholus similis was the most abundant nematode, accounting for 49 to 66% of the overall root population, followed by Helicotylenchus spp. with 29 to 45% of the population through- out the different analyzed years. From a total of 13,773 root samples, 96% contained R. similis, 91% Helicotylenchus spp., 35% Meloidogyne spp., and 25% Pratylenchus spp. and, when all of the nematodes that were present were pooled (total nematodes), 99.9% of the samples had nematodes. A large number of samples with a nematode population above the economic threshold suggested by Agrocalidad, INIAP and Anemagro (2,500-3,000 nematodes/100 g of roots) was observed in all of the years, the months and the five sampled provinces. The statistical differences (P<0.0001) detected for the nematode frequencies among the years, months and provinces, more than likely, were associated with the high number of samples included in each year, month and province because the variations in the frequencies for each nematode genus were small.
Molluscum contagiosum simulating a sebaceous cyst: a rare presentation
Authors: Chakrabarti Amrita , Khan Enam Murshed , Quadri Asra , Mukhopadhyay Biswanath 
Published: May 2016

<p>Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a viral infection of the skin and mucous membrane that usually presents as umbilicated, flesh colored dome shaped papules and are mostly self-limiting in immune competent individuals, though extensive lesions and atypical presentations may be observed in the immune-compromised. Here we present an extremely rare incidence of MC presenting as a sebaceous cyst (SC) in the post auricular region, in a fourteen year old immune-competent male child. Though few incidences of MC within an epidermal cyst (EC) have been reported, this infection primarily presenting as a cystic lesion simulating a SC in an immune competent individual is extremely rare. Imaging findings were consistent with subcutaneous cyst in keeping with a SC, which was then treated by surgical excision. Histopathology of the surgically removed lesion revealed a cyst lined by stratified squamous epithelium containing numerous molluscum bodies. No further treatment was required since this was the only intact lesion present. </p>
Мовленнєві тактики в мас-медійному дискурсі
Authors: Kaptiurova Olena 
Published: May 2016

На матеріалі англійської мови розглянуто мовленнєві тактики, що використовуються в мас-медійному дискурсі. Виявлено, що такі тактики, як установлення контакту, завершення мовленнєвої взаємодії, передача ініціативи або її збереження, є обов’язковими для комунікативної ситуації ток-шоу. Значну увагу приділено мовній особистості інтерв’юера. Для ілюстрації наведено відповідні приклади.
Оптимізація характеристик інформаційної мережі системи організації повітряного руху в Європі
Authors: Luppo Alexandr , Argunov Gennadiy , Gorlenko Nikita , Chaika Vladyslav 
Published: May 2016

Подано структуру новітньої мережі обміну інформації щодо організації повітряного руху в європейському повітряному просторі. Розглянуто основні процедури, що забезпечують її функціонування.
Моделювання моментів, обумовлених дією атмосферної турбулентності на крило літака
Authors: Antonova Anna , Kulyk Mykola , Lastivka Ivan 
Published: May 2016

На основі методу усереднених за розмахом крила кореляційних функцій Дідеріха отримано аналітичні вирази для локальних спектральних щільностей моментів крила літака, обумовлених горизонтальними і вертикальними поривами вітру. Припущено, що кореляційні функції атмосферної турбулентності належать до сім’ї Булена, яка включає як частинні випадки відомі моделі турбулентності Драйдена і фон Кармана.
Метод аналізу та управління ефективністю технологічної підготовки розосередженого виробництва
Authors: Pavlenko Petro , Khlevnyy Andriy 
Published: May 2016

Наведено результати досліджень із розробці інструментальних засобів управління технологічною підготовкою виробництва та визначення її ефективності на промислових підприємствах. Розглянуто спосіб розрахунку індексу керівництва. Запропоновано модель розрахунку необхідної кількості фахівців для ефективної технологічної підготовки виробництва. Створено метод аналізу та управління ефективністю технологічної підготовки розосередженого виробництва.
Накопичення важких металів вищою водяною рослинністю штучних водойм
Authors: Bilyk Тetiana , Shylo Olga , Karpova Galyna , Chumanova Olena 
Published: May 2016

Досліджено акумуляцію важких металів вищою водяною рослинністю штучних каналів Києва. Показано, що занурена рослинність порівняно з повітряно-водяною більшою мірою накопичує важкі метали, що обумовлено широкою розгалуженою поверхнею її контакту з водою, яка містить мікроелементи, що поглинаються рослинами. Розглянуто види вищої водяної рослинності, які мають найбільшу акумулюючу здатність (Lemna trisulca L., Potamogeton crispus L., Hydrocharis morsus-ranae L.) та характеризуються високою концентраційною здатністю відносно до цинку, міді та свинцю, стійкістю до полютантів, а також поширеністю на різних ділянках каналів. Запропоновано використання зазначених видів рослин для очищення води та поліпшення санітарно-екологічного стану водойм.
Comparing the Lexical Features of EAP Students’ Essays by Prompt and Rating
Authors: Lavallée Maxime , McDonough Kim 
Published: May 2016

Previous research has shown that high frequency lexical items, such as AWL words and formulaic expressions, may differentiate between texts written by ex- pert and novice writers (Chen & Baker, 2010; Hancioğlu, 2009), and that lexical features related to breadth, depth, and accessibility differentiate among texts from L2 writers of different proficiency levels (Crossley & McNamara, 2009, 2012; Crossley, Weston, McLain Sullivan, & McNamara, 2011). The current study compared the essays written by EAP students in response to either a cause or an effect writing prompt. As part of their EAP writing class, the students (N = 94) had two weeks to read six source texts and take notes to prepare for an integrative-writing exam. Students’ essays were assessed by three raters using a holistic rubric, and five lexical features of their essays were analyzed: percentage of AWL word use, content word frequency, word familiarity, imagability, and lexical diversity. The results indicated that responses to the effect prompt were rated sig- nificantly lower than cause essays, contained more frequent and familiar words, and had a lower percentage of AWL words. However, there was no significant correlation between essay ratings and lexical features. Potential explanations for the findings and pedagogical implications are discussed. Des recherches antérieures ont révélé que les items lexicaux à haute fréquence, tels la liste des mots académiques et les formules rigides, peuvent varier selon que le texte soit écrit par un expert ou un débutant (Chen & Baker, 2010; Hancioğlu, 2009), et que les éléments lexicaux liés à l’envergure, la profondeur et l’accessi- bilité varient dans les textes écrits par des auteurs L2 de compétences différentes (Crossley & McNamara, 2009, 2012; Crossley, Weston, McLain Sullivan, & McNamara, 2011). La présente étude a comparé des rédactions écrites par des élèves d’anglais académique où la tâche d’écriture évoquait des causes ou des effets. Le cours d’anglais académique exigeait que les élèves (N=94) lisent, en deux semaines, six textes originaux et qu’ils prennent des notes pour se préparer à un examen écrit intégratif. Trois évaluateurs se sont appuyés sur une rubrique globale pour analyser cinq éléments lexicaux : pourcentage de l’utilisation des mots de la liste des mots académiques, fréquence des mots lexicaux, capacité à évoquer des images mentales et diversité lexicale. Les résultats démontrent que les évaluations des rédactions basées sur la tâche d’écriture évoquant des effets étaient nettement inférieures aux évaluations des rédactions basées sur la tâche d’écriture évoquant des causes. Ces premières comptaient également plus de mots familiers et répandus, et moins de mots figurant dans la liste des mots académiques. Les auteurs présentent des hypothèses pour expliquer ces résultats, ainsi que les impli- cations pédagogiques de leur recherche.
An Analysis of the Effect of a Cyber Home Learning System on Korean Secondary School Students’ English Language Achievement and Attitude
Authors: Shin Ji Hye , Albers Peggy 
Published: May 2016

This study examined the effectiveness of a Cyber Home Learning System (CHLS), an online learning system currently being employed in South Korea to improve the access and quality of public education as well as to reduce pri- vate tutoring expenditures. The quasi-experimental research design used ex- periment and survey methods to learn about the impact of CHLS on student performance and to ascertain students’ perceptions of the system. The results of the experiment indicated that no statistically significant differences in test performance existed between the experimental and control groups. This finding suggested that CHLS did not have an impact on student performance overall. However, after the data were disaggregated according to ability level, students in the advanced level showed statistically significant differences between the ex- perimental and control groups. Results from the survey indicated that the CHLS was particularly effective for those who are motivated to voluntarily participate in academic activities and who have the capability for self-initiated study. The CHLS can be considered a useful supplement but not a replacement for second- ary private tutoring. To better address the needs of other learners, the English content of CHLS may need to be further modified to match students’ varying proficiency levels and learning styles. Cette étude a porté sur l’efficacité d’un système d’apprentissage en ligne, Cyber Home Learning System – CHLS, actuellement employé en Corée du Sud pour améliorer la qualité de l’éducation publique, en augmenter l’accessibilité, et ré- duire les frais liés aux services de tutorat privé. Le plan de recherche quasi-expé- rimental s’est appuyé sur l’expérimentation et des méthodes d’enquête pour en apprendre sur l’impact du CHLS sur le rendement des élèves et pour confirmer les perceptions qu’ont les élèves du système. Les résultats de l’expérience n’ont indiqué aucune différence statistiquement significative entre le groupe expéri- mental et le groupe témoin, ce qui portait à croire que le CHLS n’avait pas eu d’impact sur le rendement global des élèves. Une fois les données ventilées par niveau de compétence par contre, elles ont révélé des différences statistiquement significatives entre les élèves avancés du groupe expérimental et ceux du groupe témoin. Les résultats de l’enquête ont indiqué que le CHLS était particulièrement efficace chez les élèves motivés à participer aux activités académiques et capables d’apprendre de façon autonome. On peut considérer le CHLS un complément utile à l’apprentissage, mais pas une solution de remplacement aux services de tutorat privé. Afin de mieux répondre aux besoins des autres apprenants, il se peut que le contenu en anglais du CHLS doive être modifié davantage de sorte à refléter les niveaux de compétence et les styles d’apprentissage variés.
Using Critical Incidents to Understand ESL Student Satisfaction
Authors: Walker John 
Published: May 2016

In a marketized environment, ESL providers, in common with other postcompul- sory educational institutions, canvass student satisfaction with their services. While the predominant method is likely to be based on tick-box questionnaires using Likert scales that measure degrees of satisfaction, qualitative methodology is an option when rich data is desired. The well-established Critical Incident Tech- nique (CIT) is particularly useful in this regard as an exploratory methodology with potential to increase knowledge about previously unknown phenomena. A pilot study with a small sample of ESL students was set up to explore ESL student satisfaction using CIT. The data obtained were analyzed within the framework of Johnston’s (1995) quality factors, then further categorized in terms of satisfying, dissatisfying, or neutral factors. The findings provided some tentative indications of differentiation among ESL quality factors as perceived by ESL students. In- sights were obtained regarding procedural, analytical, and student response issues in the use of CIT in conjunction with satisfaction data. The outcomes supported the view that information obtained through CIT could assist ESL managers and teachers in developing and enhancing quality factors that more accurately reflect student expectations of the service. Dans un environnement commercialisé, les fournisseurs en ALS, tout comme les autres institutions postsecondaires, sondent les étudiants pour connaitre leur niveau de satisfaction avec les services qu’ils offrent. Alors que la méthode la plus couramment employée repose sur des questionnaires à choix multiples avec des échelles de Likert pour mesurer les niveaux de satisfaction, une méthodolo- gie qualitative est à envisager quand l’on désire des données approfondies. La méthode des incidents critiques (CIT) est bien établie et particulièrement utile à cet égard, étant une méthodologie d’exploration avec le potentiel d’accroitre les connaissances de phénomènes inconnus auparavant. On a mis sur pied une étude pilote avec un petit échantillon d’étudiants en ALS pour explorer, par la CIT, leur niveau de satisfaction. Les données ont été analysées dans le cadre des facteurs de qualité de Johnston (1995) et ensuite catégorisées en fonction de facteurs satisfai- sants, insatisfaisants et neutres. Les résultats fournissent des indices de différen- tiation parmi les facteurs de qualité en ALS, tels que perçus par les étudiants. De nouvelles idées sont ressorties par rapport à l’emploi de la CIT et les enjeux liés à la procédure, l’analyse et les réponses des étudiants dans le contexte de données relatives à la satisfaction. La conclusion en est que les informations découlant de la CIT pourraient appuyer les administrateurs et les enseignants dans le déve- loppement et l’amélioration des facteurs de qualité de sorte à mieux répondre aux attentes des étudiants en matière des services.
Breastfeeding Knowledge and Intent to Breastfeed
Authors: Lee Emily , Jackson Joanie 
Published: May 2016

Objectives: Identify, synthesize, and critically review research on common barriers to successful breastfeeding and ways healthcare providers can assist patients in overcoming the barriers.Methods: A search of databases and citations for evidence-based research published from 2001 to 2015 was conducted. Forty-nine articles were reviewed with 22 articles being discussed.Results: Three major themes were identified: (a) characteristics of breastfeeding education in the prenatal setting, (b) primary care interventions to promote breastfeeding, and (c) healthcare provider education on breastfeeding.Conclusions: Findings of this review collectively suggest the need to increase breastfeeding rates among women in the United States. To achieve this, there is great significance placed on healthcare providers implementing interventions to promote breastfeeding, which subsequently requires improving healthcare provider knowledge and self-confidence on breastfeeding.
In Vivo Inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis Growth and Prevention of Periodontitis With Quorum‐Sensing Inhibitors
Authors: Cho Young‐Jae , Song Hyun Young , Ben Amara Heithem , Choi Bong‐Kyu , Eunju Ryu , Cho Young‐Ah , Seol Yangjo , Lee Yongmoo , Ku Young , Rhyu In‐Chul , Koo Ki‐Tae 
Published: May 2016

Background: Autoinducer (AI)‐2 has an important role in biofilm formation in the oral environment. Mature biofilms formed as a result of the cell‐to‐cell communication make it difficult to overcome periodontitis with the use of antibiotics. Previous in vitro studies suggest that quorum‐sensing inhibitors (QSIs) interfere with AI‐2. This study compares the QSI effects resulting from an oral inoculation of Porphyromonas gingivalis in an experimental animal model.Methods: Forty‐five male mice were divided into three groups (n = 15 each): 1) infection; 2) QSI; and 3) control. Infection and QSI groups received oral inoculation of P. gingivalis, whereas treatment with QSIs (furane compound and d‐ribose) was only performed in the QSIs group. The control group was a negative control not receiving manipulation. After 42 days, mice were sacrificed, and the distance from the alveolar bone crest (ABC) to the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) was measured by microcomputed tomography. P. gingivalis DNA was quantified in the soft and hard tissues around the molar teeth by real‐time polymerase chain reaction.Results: Distance from ABC to CEJ was significantly increased in the P. gingivalis infection group compared with the control group (P = 0.02) and significantly decreased in the QSI group compared with the infection group (P = 0.02). The QSI group contained 31.64% of the bacterial DNA count of the infection group.Conclusion: Use of QSIs in the mice infection model showed a reduction of bone breakdown and a decrease in the number of bacteria in vivo, suggesting that QSIs can be a new approach to prevention and treatment of periodontitis.