bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Clinical and immunological characteristics of 150 systemic lupus erythematosus patients in Jamaica: a comparative analysis
Authors: Maloney K C , Ferguson T S , Stewart H D , Myers A A , De Ceulaer K 
Published: May 2017

Background Epidemiological studies in systemic lupus erythematosus have been reported in the literature in many countries and ethnic groups. Although systemic lupus erythematosus in Jamaica has been described in the past, there has not been a detailed evaluation of systemic lupus erythematosus patients in urban Jamaica, a largely Afro-Caribbean population. The goal of this study was to describe the clinical features, particularly disease activity, damage index and immunological features, of 150 systemic lupus erythematosus subjects. Methods 150 adult patients (≥18 years) followed in rheumatology clinic at a tertiary rheumatology hospital centre (one of two of the major public referral centres in Jamaica) and the private rheumatology offices in urban Jamaica who fulfilled Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria were included. Data were collected by detailed clinical interview and examination and laboratory investigations. Hence demographics, SLICC criteria, immunological profile, systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K) and SLICC/American College of Rheumatology (ACR) damage index (SDI) were documented. Results Of the 150 patients, 145 (96.7%) were female and five (3.3%) were male. The mean age at systemic lupus erythematosus onset was 33.2 ± 10.9. Mean disease duration was 11.3 ± 8.6 years. The most prevalent clinical SLICC criteria were musculoskeletal, with 141 (94%) of subjects experiencing arthralgia/arthritis, followed by mucocutaneous manifestations of alopecia 103 (68.7%) and malar rash 46 (30.7%), discoid rash 45 (30%) and photosensitivity 40 (26.7%). Lupus nephritis (biopsy proven) occurred in 42 (28%) subjects and 25 (16.7%) met SLICC diagnostic criteria with only positive antinuclear antibodies/dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis on renal biopsy. The most common laboratory SLICC criteria were positive antinuclear antibodies 136 (90.7%) followed by anti-dsDNA antibodies 95 (63.3%) and low complement (C3) levels 38 (25.3%). Twenty-seven (18%) met SLICC diagnostic criteria with only positive antinuclear antibodies/anti-dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis on renal biopsy. Mean SLEDAI score was 6.9 ± 5.1 with a range of 0–32. Organ damage occurred in 129 (86%) patients; mean SDI was 2.4 ± 1.8, with a range of 0–9. Conclusion These results are similar to the clinical manifestations reported in other Afro-Caribbean populations; however, distinct differences exist with respect to organ involvement and damage, particularly with respect to renal involvement, which appears to be reduced in our participants.
New visiting policy: A step toward nursing ethics
Authors: Khaleghparast Shiva , Joolaee Soodabeh , Maleki Majid , Peyrovi Hamid , Ghanbari Behrooz , Bahrani Naser 
Published: May 2017

Background: Patients’ rights arise from their expectations of the healthcare system, which are rooted in their needs. Visitation is seen as a necessary need for patients and families in intensive care units. Objectives: The authors attempted to design, implement, and evaluate a new visiting policy in the intensive care units. Research design: This study was an action research, including two qualitative and quantitative approaches. Participants and research context: The viewpoints of 51 participants (patients, families, doctors, nurses, and guards) on how to change the limited visiting policy were explained through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The new visiting policy (contractual visitation) was designed, implemented, and evaluated with the involvement of participants. Ethical considerations: The hospital ethics committee approval was gained and the informed consent was obtained from all the participants. Findings: The content of interviews was analyzed and classified into four categories: advantages and disadvantages of visiting policies, and barriers and facilitators of changing the limited visiting policy. After implementation of the new policy (contractual visitation), a significant difference observed in satisfaction status before and after the changes (p value < 0.001). Discussion: Nowadays, many countries’ clinical guidelines recommend flexible visiting policy, which is consistent with the results of this study. Conclusion: Changing the limited visiting policy was a necessary need for patients and families that established with the involvement of them and staff.
Outcomes After Percutaneous Reduction and Fixation of Low-Energy Lisfranc Injuries
Authors: Vosbikian Michael , O’Neil Joseph T. , Piper Christine , Huang Ronald , Raikin Steven M. 
Published: May 2017

Background: Lisfranc injuries are often missed initially or not anatomically reduced, leading to midfoot collapse, arthrosis, and pain. Operative management of these injuries is also fraught with complications, particularly with respect to the soft tissues. Wound dehiscence and infection are not uncommon. The goal of this study was to analyze the outcomes of a minimally invasive technique in reduction and percutaneous fixation of low-energy minimally displaced Lisfranc injuries and determine if it is a safe alternative to more traditional, open approaches. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all patients who underwent minimally invasive Lisfranc treatment at a single institution over a 6-year period. Thirty-eight patients were identified in this series. All patients were skeletally mature and had a minimum follow-up of 3 years. Patients were assessed clinically and radiographically, in addition to undertaking patient-centric outcome scoring using the Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) activities of daily living (ADL) and sports subscales at a mean follow-up of 66 months (range, 36-100). Patients were also asked to subjectively rate their percentage return to preinjury functional level at the time of final follow-up. There were 20 males and 18 females. Seventeen patients were injured participating in sports-related activities, 19 during falls, and 2 as a result of motor vehicle accidents. The average age at the time of surgery was 34.2 (range, 16-69) years. At final follow-up, 31 patients were available for assessment (81.6%). Results: The mean FAAM-ADL score was 94.2 (range, 40.5-100), and sports score was 90.4 (range, 0-100). Percentage recovery compared to their preinjury functional level averaged 91.4% (range, 40%-100%). There were no complications in this series. Twenty-two patients underwent screw removal electively at an average of 6.9 months following the index procedure. No patients had undergone any additional operative procedures, or had any objective evidence of midfoot collapse or arthritis at the time of final follow-up. Conclusion: Minimally invasive methods of treating low-energy Lisfranc injuries with less soft tissue stripping and disruption, as described in this series, were a valuable tool to optimize outcomes while minimizing the potential morbidity of more traditional, open techniques. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Hidradenitis Suppurativa, Intimate Partner Violence, and Sexual Assault
Authors: Sisic Mia , Tan Jerry , Lafreniere Kathryn D. 
Published: May 2017

Background: Sexual assault and intimate partner violence have never been examined in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. The research is important, because prior studies show higher incidences of intimate partner violence and sexual assault in individuals with disabilities, and hidradenitis suppurativa meets criteria for a disability. Objectives: The objective of the study is to examine whether individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa are at significantly higher risk of intimate partner violence and sexual assault compared with individuals who have acne, a recognised disability. Methods: Participants who met criteria for hidradenitis suppurativa and acne were recruited from a mid-sized university and a dermatology clinic. Participants spoke English and were over the age of sexual consent. Group (hidradenitis suppurativa and acne) differences on intimate partner violence and sexual assault were analysed. Victimisation within the past 12 months was measured using the Checklist for Controlling Behaviours, a measure of intimate partner violence, as well as the Sexual Experiences Survey–Short Form Victim, a measure of sexual assault. Results: In total, 243 participants (n = 128 for hidradenitis suppurativa; n = 115 for acne) were surveyed. Individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa were significantly more likely to report being victimised by intimate partner violence. Conclusions: Intimate partner violence was more frequently observed in individuals with hidradenitis suppurativa. Health care providers should be aware of this issue when interacting with patients with hidradenitis suppurativa.
Characterization of annual disease progression of multiple sclerosis patients: A population-based study
Authors: Freilich Jonatan , Manouchehrinia Ali , Trusheim Mark , Baird Lynn G , Desbiens Sophie , Berndt Ernst , Hillert Jan 
Published: May 2017

Background: Previous research characterizing factors influencing multiple sclerosis (MS) disease progression has typically been based on time to disease milestones (Kaplan–Meier, Cox hazard regression, etc.). A limitation of these methods is the handling of the often large groups of patients not reaching the milestone. Objective: To characterize clinical factors influencing MS disease progression as annual transitions from each Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). Method: The annual progression of 11,964 patients from the Swedish MS Registry was analysed with 10 multinomial logistic regressions, that is, one for transition from each full EDSS with explanatory variables age, sex, age at onset, time in current EDSS, highest prior EDSS, MS course and treatment. Results: All factors (except sex) investigated had statistically significant impacts on transitions from at least one EDSS. However, significance and size of the effect are dependent on the EDSS state of the patient. Greater age, longer time in a state, highest prior EDSS, having progressive MS and treatment had significant impacts, whereas age at onset had minor impact. Conclusion: Our study confirms that established factors associated with MS disease worsening in time to disease milestones also have impacts on annual progression. This approach adds granularity to what EDSS these factors have an influence.
A study on students’ acceptance of mobile phone use to seek health information in South Africa
Authors: Cilliers Liezel , Viljoen Kim Lee-Anne , Chinyamurindi Willie Tafadzwa 
Published: May 2017

Background: In South Africa, inequitable access to healthcare information has made many young people with limited resources more vulnerable to health risks. Mobile phones present a unique opportunity to address this problem due to the high penetration of mobile phones in South Africa and the popularity of these devices among young adults. Objective: This research sought to examine the adoption of mobile phones to access health information among students at a traditional university in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Method: A cross-sectional survey approach was used to collect information from a convenience sample of 202 university students (58 males; 104 females), the majority (71.3%) of whom were aged between 18 and 27 years and of Black African ethnicity (75.2%). The unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) framework formed the theoretical foundation for the questionnaire. A research model was developed to test the hypotheses that behavioural intention to use a mobile phone to access health information would be influenced by: perceived usefulness (PU), perceived effort, social influence (SI), attitude towards technology (AT) and mobile phone experience. Results: Factor analyses indicated that the research model explained 36% of the variance in behavioural intention to use mobile devices to search for health-related queries, with PU being the largest predictor, followed by mobile experience, SI, and AT. Perceived effort did not make a statistically significant contribution. Conclusion: Using mobile phones to disseminate health information to students is a useful, convenient, and cost-effective health-promotion strategy. This research has contributed to the body of knowledge concerning the applicability of the UTAUT framework to study the adoption of technology and provided useful information to guide future research and implementation of mHealth initiatives.
Pediatric Trainees Managing a Difficult Airway: Comparison of Laryngeal Mask Airway, Direct, and Video‐Assisted Laryngoscopy
Authors: Ambrosio Art , Marvin Kastley , Perez Colleen , Byrnes Chelsie , Gaconnet Cory , Cornelissen Chris , Brigger Matthew 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveDifficult airway management is a key skill required by all pediatric physicians, yet training on multiple modalities is lacking. The objective of this study was to compare the rate of, and time to, successful advanced infant airway placement with direct laryngoscopy, video‐assisted laryngoscopy, and laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in a difficult airway simulator. This study is the first to compare the success with 3 methods for difficult airway management among pediatric trainees.Study DesignRandomized crossover pilot study.SettingTertiary academic medical center.MethodsTwenty‐two pediatric residents, interns, and medical students were tested. Participants were provided 1 training session by faculty using a normal infant manikin. Subjects then performed all 3 of the aforementioned advanced airway modalities in a randomized order on a difficult airway model of a Robin sequence. Success was defined as confirmed endotracheal intubation or correct LMA placement by the testing instructor in ≤120 seconds.ResultsDirect laryngoscopy demonstrated a significantly higher placement success rate (77.3%) than video‐assisted laryngoscopy (36.4%, P =. 0117) and LMA (31.8%, P =. 0039). Video‐assisted laryngoscopy required a significantly longer amount of time during successful intubations (84.8 seconds; 95% CI, 59.4‐110.1) versus direct laryngoscopy (44.9 seconds; 95% CI, 33.8‐55.9) and LMA placement (36.6 seconds; 95% CI, 24.7‐48.4).ConclusionsPediatric trainees demonstrated significantly higher success using direct laryngoscopy in a difficult airway simulator model. However, given the potential lifesaving implications of advanced airway adjuncts, including video‐assisted laryngoscopy and LMA placement, more extensive training on adjunctive airway management techniques may be useful for trainees.
A review of Lise Fontaine, Tom Bartlett and Gerard O’Grady (eds.), Systemic functional linguistics exploring choice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013. 533pp
Authors: Zhao Changling , He Wei 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSystemic Functional Linguistics Exploring Choice provides a fresh inter-disciplinary perspective on the key notion of choice in Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL). Although one of the basic assumptions of SFL is that language is a system of choices, the very nature and the place of choice have not been explicitly and critically debated within current SFL literature. With a critique of this as the point of departure, the editor Lise Fontaine points out in the introduction that the purpose of the volume is to open the debate on choice and offer a critical examination of its place in systemic functional theory. The volume comprises 22 chapters bringing together a range of linguistic viewpoints, informed by sociology, evolutionary theory, computational approaches, psychology and neuroscience to produce a comprehensive account of choice. It is divided into five sections, and each section addresses one of the five questions brought up by the editor.
High quality permanent draft genome sequence of Chryseobacterium bovis DSM 19482T, isolated from raw cow milk
Authors: Laviad-Shitrit Sivan , Göker Markus , Huntemann Marcel , Clum Alicia , Pillay Manoj , Palaniappan Krishnaveni , Varghese Neha , Mikhailova Natalia , Stamatis Dimitrios , Reddy T. B. K. , Daum Chris , Shapiro Nicole , Markowitz Victor , Ivanova Natalia , Woyke Tanja , Klenk Hans-Peter , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Halpern Malka 
Published: May 2017

AbstractChryseobacterium bovis DSM 19482T (Hantsis-Zacharov et al., Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58:1024-1028, 2008) is a Gram-negative, rod shaped, non-motile, facultative anaerobe, chemoorganotroph bacterium. C. bovis is a member of the Flavobacteriaceae, a family within the phylum Bacteroidetes. It was isolated when psychrotolerant bacterial communities in raw milk and their proteolytic and lipolytic traits were studied. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the draft genome sequence and annotation. The DNA G + C content is 38.19%. The chromosome length is 3,346,045 bp. It encodes 3236 proteins and 105 RNA genes. The C. bovis genome is part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Type Strains, Phase I: the one thousand microbial genomes study.
Breast Reconstruction With Postmastectomy Radiation: Choices and Tradeoffs
Authors: Poppe Matthew M. , Agarwal Jayant P. 
Published: May 2017

The Oncology Grand Rounds series is designed to place original reports published in the Journal into clinical context. A case presentation is followed by a description of diagnostic and management challenges, a review of the relevant literature, and a summary of the authors’ suggested management approaches. The goal of this series is to help readers better understand how to apply the results of key studies, including those published in Journal of Clinical Oncology, to patients seen in their own clinical practice.A 45-year-old premenopausal woman presented with multifocal cancer in the right breast, with lesions at 1:00 and 4:00, the largest measuring approximately 3 cm on exam, and multiple palpable right axillary lymph nodes. A core biopsy confirmed invasive ductal carcinoma, grade 2 of 3, that was estrogen receptor positive, progesterone receptor positive, and HER2 negative. Fine needle aspiration of a right axillary node confirmed metastatic carcinoma. A positron emission tomography (PET)/ computed tomography done before starting chemotherapy demonstrated an absence of metastatic disease with expected avidity in two separate breast masses and multiple conglomerated 1-2 cm level I and II axillary lymph nodes. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide, followed by paclitaxel, and had a complete clinical response with resolution of the breast and axillary masses on exam. A repeat PET/computed tomography demonstrated reduced size of the breast and axillary disease, and no significant residual PET avidity. Her breast surgeon recommended a right mastectomy with axillary node dissection. As part of her multidisciplinary treatment plan, she consulted with two plastic surgeons to discuss reconstruction options. Plastic Surgeon A advised placement of an implant at the time of mastectomy while Surgeon B contrasted the pros and cons of an autologous transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap reconstruction with an implant based reconstruction. Surgeon B believed that autologous reconstruction would yield the best long-term cosmetic outcome. Before making her surgery decision, the patient consulted with a radiation oncologist to discuss the effect radiation may have on her reconstruction outcome.
Evaluación de la condición física, práctica deportiva y estado nutricional de niños y niñas de 6 a 12 años: Estudio piloto
Authors: Martínez-Rodríguez Alejandro , Aix-Sánchez Javier , Martínez-Sanz José Miguel , Leyva-Vela Belén 
Published: May 2017

Introducción: El tratamiento de la obesidad debería iniciarse dentro de la etapa escolar, centrándose en diferentes áreas de actuación, como la Educación Física. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer el estado nutricional y el nivel de condición física en alumnos y alumnas de un centro escolar, así como la relación entre estos y la frecuencia de práctica de actividad física.Material y métodos: Se evaluaron 168 alumnos y alumnas entre 6-12 años del colegio Concertado Azalea de Beniel (Murcia). Se registraron peso y talla (para obtener datos sobre estado nutricional), hábitos de alimentación durante el almuerzo, frecuencia de práctica de actividad física y consumo máximo de oxígeno mediante Course Navette. Se realizaron estadísticos descriptivos, comparación de medias entre los diferentes estados nutricionales y correlaciones entre estado nutricional, consumo máximo de oxígeno y frecuencia de práctica deportiva.Resultados: Un gran número de alumnos muestran sobrepeso u obesidad. La frecuencia de práctica de actividad física registrada está por debajo de las recomendaciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se muestran correlaciones significativas entre la frecuencia de práctica de actividad física y la disminución del índice de masa corporal, así como entre el consumo máximo de oxígeno y un mayor índice de masa corporal. Conclusiones: Una cuarta parte del alumnado presenta sobrepeso u obesidad. Persiste el consumo de productos de bollería industrial en el almuerzo. La práctica deportiva del alumnado está por debajo de las recomendaciones de la OMS.
Factores asociados a la desnutrición o al riesgo de desnutrición en adultos mayores de San Juan de Pasto, Colombia: Un estudio transversal
Authors: Giraldo Giraldo Nubia Amparo , Paredes Arturo Yenny Vicky , Idarraga Idarraga Yelithza , Aguirre Acevedo Daniel Camilo 
Published: May 2017

Introducción. La desnutrición es un problema común en los adultos mayores relacionada tanto con los cambios propios del envejecimiento como con otros factores de salud, sociales y económicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de desnutrición o riesgo de desnutrición y los factores asociados, en adultos mayores de San Juan de Pasto, Nariño, Colombia.Material y métodos. Estudio transversal en una muestra de 261 adultos mayores. Para valorar el estado nutricional se utilizó el Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) y para la evaluación cognitiva se aplicó el Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Los síntomas depresivos se determinaron a través de la escala Yesavage y el grado de independencia funcional con la escala de Lawton y Brody. Para establecer la asociación entre los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos con el MNA, se realizó un modelo de regresión logística y se calculó la Odds Ratio (OR) crudo y ajustado con su respectivo intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC95%).Resultados. El 60,1% de los adultos mayores presentó riesgo de desnutrición y el 6,5% desnutrición. Quienes pertenecían a niveles socioeconómicos bajos (OR=2,07; IC95%: 1,18-3,64), con nivel de dependencia funcional (OR=2,74; IC95%: 1,07-5,53) y sintomatología depresiva (OR=7,02; IC95%: 2,08-23,74), presentaron mayor desnutrición o riesgo de desnutrición.Conclusiones. Estos hallazgos muestran un alto porcentaje de adultos mayores con desnutrición o riesgo de desnutrición asociados a un nivel socioeconómico bajo, implicación o dependencia funcional y sintomatología depresiva. Se requiere un manejo integral orientado hacia la valoración e intervención planificada, teniendo en cuenta los factores asociados a esta condición nutricional.