bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Late Cretaceous metamorphic rocks of the Akrotiri and Vari subunits on Tinos and Syros, Cyclades, Greece: field observations, geochemistry and geochronology
Authors: Bröcker Michael , Berndt Jasper 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The relationship of the Late Cretaceous amphibolite-facies Akrotiri and Vari subunits on the Greek islands of Tinos and Syros to similar occurrences in the Aegean is not fully understood, but a correlation with the Asterousia Crystalline Complex on Crete and corresponding rocks in the Upper Cycladic Unit on other islands of the archipelago is a plausible interpretation. There is currently no clear evidence that the Akrotiri subunit represents a fragment of the metamorphic sole of the nearby Tsiknias ophiolite, as there are differences in field appearance, geochemistry, metamorphic grade and retrograde overprint. Felsic rocks from amphibolite-gneiss sequences of the Akrotiri and Vari subunits are interpreted as reworked igneous rocks with minor admixture of terrigenous material. The Triassic U–Pb zircon age (c. 240 Ma) of such a gneiss from Syros indicates the magmatic crystallization age of the original source rocks. A similar interpretation is suggested for the studied Akrotiri gneiss, but is less clear due to the not fully clarified significance of the presumed Pb loss thought to be responsible for the considerable U–Pb age range of the dated zircons (c. 256–114 Ma). The Vari gneiss sensu strictu is closely associated with metadioritic rocks containing a Triassic zircon population (c. 238 Ma). The protolith is probably plutonic, but a mixture of volcanic and plutonic detritus cannot be excluded. Riebeckitic amphiboles occur in all rock types of the Akrotiri subunit, indicating late overprinting at elevated pressures, which is not known from similar occurrences in the southern Aegean.
John Bale, Imperial Monarchy, and the Reformation in Sixteenth-Century Ireland
Authors: Leduc James 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe episcopal mission of Englishman John Bale to Ireland in 1553 provides historians with a unique window into the interconnected British and Irish histories of the early English Reformation. Scholarship on Bale has long explored his life and theology in all European theatres of the Reformation in which he was involved. Yet, key features of his mission and theology remain underappreciated. Building on recent work that has contextualized Bale’s Irish mission and ecclesiology within the imperial outlook of the Edwardian regime and Reformation, the article examines Bale’s mission against the worlds of English evangelical and continental Protestant political theology he inhabited, and the mingling of Henrician and Edwardian ‘reformist’ energies in Ireland with which it intersected and clashed. It argues that, under conditions of English colonial rule and empire in Ireland, Bale expressed a political theology that, imperial by circumstance and implication, turned his spiritual vocation modelled on Christ into a receptacle for divine and princely sovereignty that set rival conceptions of royal authority, idolatry, and Anglo-Irish constitutional relations against each other. Evangelical political theology thus acquired different hues on either side of the Irish Sea, with important implications for how we understand the early English Reformation across England and Ireland.
Navigating Labour Shifts: Early Modern Pearl Fishing in the Caribbean (1521–1563)
Authors: Rodríguez Velásquez Fidel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNarratives about indigenous labour in the pearl fisheries of the Caribbean, widely disseminated across the Atlantic world since the sixteenth century by Castilian chroniclers, have significantly shaped historiography. These accounts have reinforced a singular narrative about labour within pearl fisheries that overlooks this work's spatial and temporal changes in sea depths. This article examines and reconstructs the labour practices of workers in the pearl fisheries on the islands of Cubagua, Margarita, and Coche, as well as the coast of Cabo de la Vela and Riohacha, highlighting their temporal and spatial transformations. Additionally, it analyses the coexistence of various forms of coerced labour within this context.
Beyond the margins: antenatal health and healthcare behaviours among homeless women in Kolkata Municipal Corporation, India
Authors: Rahaman Margubur , Das Kailash Chandra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite high childbearing rates among homeless women in India, the antenatal health and healthcare behaviours among such population remain poorly understood. To address this research gap, a mixed-methods approach was employed in the present study, involving interviews with a sample of 400 women aged 15–49 years, utilising time and location sampling techniques. Additionally, a purposeful sample of 52 women from the same age group participated in in-depth interviews. The respondents exhibited rampant socio-economic backwardness, including chronic homelessness (36%), no formal education (54%), engagement in rag picking (31%), and low income levels. About 56% of the women reported poor self-rated health (SRH), notably higher among those aged 35 and above and those living alone (68%). Poor SRH was also prevalent among the ever married (61%), ragpickers (61%), beggars (62%), chronic homeless individuals (62%), tobacco (60%) and alcohol consumers (61%), and those with chronic diseases (61%). Common health issues included depression or anxiety (56%) and iron deficiency anaemia (35%). The level of unmet healthcare needs was 41%, with significant variation across diseases. Lack of reproductive health rights and awareness, socio-cultural beliefs, stigma, socio-economic poverty, poor quality of public healthcare services, irregularity in charity-run healthcare, and time constraints hindered antenatal care visits. The study underscores the urgent need for population-centric programmes and policies aimed at promoting reproductive health to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3 of ‘Good health and wellbeing’ by 2030.
Udder health, bacterial isolation and antimicrobial sensitivity of Staphylococcus species from non-dairy goats on smallholder farms in Hong Kong
Authors: Lau Rachel W. H. , Hill Fraser I. , Flay Kate J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research article describes an investigation into the udder health, bacterial isolation and antimicrobial sensitivity of three staphylococcal species isolated from the milk of non-dairy goats, suckling their kids, on two smallholder farms in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. Udder lesions were visually noted in 21 of 34 goats and two goats had palpable abnormalities. Collected milk samples grew a total of 11 bacterial organisms and the most frequently isolated organism was Staphylococcus chromogenes. Selected isolates of S. aureus, caprae and simulans from both farms were tested by antimicrobial sensitivity testing for 23 antimicrobials and all isolates showed antimicrobial resistance to doxycycline and tetracycline. Less common resistance was shown to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, penicillin and rifampicin. This preliminary study confirms the presence of udder lesions and mastitis bacteria in non-dairy goats in Hong Kong, along with the first information on the antimicrobial profile of three common Staphylococcus species bacteria affecting goats.
Meta-learning in active inference
Authors: Penacchio O. , Clemente A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Binz et al. propose meta-learning as a promising avenue for modelling human cognition. They provide an in-depth reflection on the advantages of meta-learning over other computational models of cognition, including a sound discussion on how their proposal can accommodate neuroscientific insights. We argue that active inference presents similar computational advantages while offering greater mechanistic explanatory power and biological plausibility.
Bayes beyond the predictive distribution
Authors: Székely Anna , Orbán Gergő 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Binz et al. argue that meta-learned models offer a new paradigm to study human cognition. Meta-learned models are proposed as alternatives to Bayesian models based on their capability to learn identical posterior predictive distributions. In our commentary, we highlight several arguments that reach beyond a predictive distribution-based comparison, offering new perspectives to evaluate the advantages of these modeling paradigms.
Challenges of meta-learning and rational analysis in large worlds
Authors: Calderan Margherita , Visalli Antonino 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We challenge Binz et al.'s claim of meta-learned model superiority over Bayesian inference for large world problems. While comparing Bayesian priors to model-training decisions, we question meta-learning feature exclusivity. We assert no special justification for rational Bayesian solutions to large world problems, advocating exploring diverse theoretical frameworks beyond rational analysis of cognition for research advancement.
Learning and memory are inextricable
Authors: Llewellyn Sue 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The authors' aim is to build “more biologically plausible learning algorithms” that work in naturalistic environments. Given that, first, human learning and memory are inextricable, and, second, that much human learning is unconscious, can the authors' first research question of how people improve their learning abilities over time be answered without addressing these two issues? I argue that it cannot.
Probabilistic programming versus meta-learning as models of cognition
Authors: Ong Desmond C. , Zhi-Xuan Tan , Tenenbaum Joshua B. , Goodman Noah D. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We summarize the recent progress made by probabilistic programming as a unifying formalism for the probabilistic, symbolic, and data-driven aspects of human cognition. We highlight differences with meta-learning in flexibility, statistical assumptions and inferences about cogniton. We suggest that the meta-learning approach could be further strengthened by considering Connectionist and Bayesian approaches, rather than exclusively one or the other.
Is human compositionality meta-learned?
Authors: Russin Jacob , McGrath Sam Whitman , Pavlick Ellie , Frank Michael J. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Recent studies suggest that meta-learning may provide an original solution to an enduring puzzle about whether neural networks can explain compositionality – in particular, by raising the prospect that compositionality can be understood as an emergent property of an inner-loop learning algorithm. We elaborate on this hypothesis and consider its empirical predictions regarding the neural mechanisms and development of human compositionality.
Quo vadis, planning?
Authors: Pesnot-Lerousseau Jacques , Summerfield Christopher 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Deep meta-learning is the driving force behind advances in contemporary AI research, and a promising theory of flexible cognition in natural intelligence. We agree with Binz et al. that many supposedly “model-based” behaviours may be better explained by meta-learning than by classical models. We argue that this invites us to revisit our neural theories of problem solving and goal-directed planning.
The reinforcement metalearner as a biologically plausible meta-learning framework
Authors: Vriens Tim , Horan Mattias , Gottlieb Jacqueline , Silvetti Massimo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We argue that the type of meta-learning proposed by Binz et al. generates models with low interpretability and falsifiability that have limited usefulness for neuroscience research. An alternative approach to meta-learning based on hyperparameter optimization obviates these concerns and can generate empirically testable hypotheses of biological computations.
Meta-learning: Bayesian or quantum?
Authors: Mastrogiorgio Antonio 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Abundant experimental evidence illustrates violations of Bayesian models across various cognitive processes. Quantum cognition capitalizes on the limitations of Bayesian models, providing a compelling alternative. We suggest that a generalized quantum approach in meta-learning is simultaneously more robust and flexible, as it retains all the advantages of the Bayesian framework while avoiding its limitations.
Quantum Markov blankets for meta-learned classical inferential paradoxes with suboptimal free energy
Authors: Clark Kevin B. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Quantum active Bayesian inference and quantum Markov blankets enable robust modeling and simulation of difficult-to-render natural agent-based classical inferential paradoxes interfaced with task-specific environments. Within a non-realist cognitive completeness regime, quantum Markov blankets ensure meta-learned irrational decision making is fitted to explainable manifolds at optimal free energy, where acceptable incompatible observations or temporal Bell-inequality violations represent important verifiable real-world outcomes.
Meta-learning goes hand-in-hand with metacognition
Authors: Fields Chris , Glazebrook James F. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Binz et al. propose a general framework for meta-learning and contrast it with built-by-hand Bayesian models. We comment on some architectural assumptions of the approach, its relation to the active inference framework, its potential applicability to living systems in general, and the advantages of the latter in addressing the explanation problem.
Integrative learning in the lens of meta-learned models of cognition: Impacts on animal and human learning outcomes
Authors: Yin Bin , Xiao Xi-Dan , Wu Xiao-Rui , Lian Rong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This commentary examines the synergy between meta-learned models of cognition and integrative learning in enhancing animal and human learning outcomes. It highlights three integrative learning modes – holistic integration of parts, top-down reasoning, and generalization with in-depth analysis – and their alignment with meta-learned models of cognition. This convergence promises significant advances in educational practices, artificial intelligence, and cognitive neuroscience, offering a novel perspective on learning and cognition.
Meta-learned models as tools to test theories of cognitive development
Authors: Nussenbaum Kate , Hartley Catherine A. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Binz et al. argue that meta-learned models are essential tools for understanding adult cognition. Here, we propose that these models are particularly useful for testing hypotheses about why learning processes change across development. By leveraging their ability to discover optimal algorithms and account for capacity limitations, researchers can use these models to test competing theories of developmental change in learning.
Meta-learning: Data, architecture, and both
Authors: Binz Marcel , Dasgupta Ishita , Jagadish Akshay , Botvinick Matthew , Wang Jane X. , Schulz Eric 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We are encouraged by the many positive commentaries on our target article. In this response, we recapitulate some of the points raised and identify synergies between them. We have arranged our response based on the tension between data and architecture that arises in the meta-learning framework. We additionally provide a short discussion that touches upon connections to foundation models.
Linear and nonlinear processing of Hebrew templatic words: the role of metalinguistic awareness
Authors: Laure Yael , Armon-Lotem Sharon 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWhile universal linguistic theories advocate linear processing of words across languages, psycholinguistic research of Semitic templatic words supports the nonlinear processing into the root and template, mainly due to semantic specifications related to the root and the morphological awareness needed in the tasks. The present study examined whether the root and template affect the word processing of Hebrew native speakers due to metalinguistic awareness regardless of semantics. We designed an auditory rhyme judgment task, a phonological awareness test that requires linear processing and reduces semantics. The task included Hebrew CVCVC templatic word pairs comprising varying root and template phonemes, transposed-phoneme roots emphasizing phonological cooccurrence restrictions, and identical phoneme roots accentuating lexical-syntactic information pronounced in the vocalic melody templates. Findings revealed low accuracy rates in rhyming pairs, particularly those with accentuated linguistic information, indicating distraction from linear processing. However, the accuracy distributions among participants and between and within the stimulus types showed that linear processing also occurred. These results suggest that both linear and nonlinear processing modes are accessible to native Hebrew speakers. The study aligns with models of the mental lexicon proposing dynamic language processing influenced by both linguistic and non-linguistic factors, highlighting the idiosyncratic nature of word processing strategies.
St Frances of Rome
Authors: Sharp Mary 
Published: September 2024

Near the Arch of Titus and overlooking the Forum is the Church of St
Francesca Romana, or as it is more frequently called, the Basilica di Sta
Maria Nuova. In the confession is a statue of a woman with an attendant
angel, and in the crypt, in a glass case, are the remains of that woman
dressed w a. religious habit. Every hundred years the casket is taken to an
obscure convent under the Capitol Hill in the Tor di Specchi, which is the
house of the order of Oblates founded in 1433. Here the sisters remove the
old habit, rotten with age, and dress the skeleton of their revered and
beloved founder in a new habit, and the body is then returned to its tomb in
the church.
Frances was born in one of the palaces on the outskirts of Rome, in the
square now named Piazza Navona and not far from the church of St Agnes, in
1384. Her parents were of noble birth and the child was brought up in a
pious and prosperous household in the midst of considerable luxury. At a
very early age she announced her wish to enter a convent, but her parents
insisted that she should marry, in 1396 and at the age of twelve, a rich
nobleman, Lorenzo Ponziani.
Three Short Homilies of St John Chrysostom
Authors: Prince J. F. T. 
Published: September 2024

Of being for nothing solicitous.Christ teacheth that we should work for ourselves and, going without much, become content with little. Thus for Himself, He cut down even of necessities, using no beast to bear Him, but walking such distances that He became weary with His journey Wherefore, said He: ‘The foxes have holes and the birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man hath not where to lay His head:’ and of His days and nights, too, He spent most on the mountains and in the deserts. And of Him did David foretell: ‘He shall drink of the Evangelist in the way.’ So then at the Well of Sychar doth John the Evangelist shew the Lord to be careless of food, treating the matter as of little import; and thus were the disciples taught, taking with them no provisions for the road. Different indeed from us, who rising from our beds are soon calling for provisions, and with earnestness, concerning ourselves with cooks and caterers.
Corpus research on signed languages in the Nordic countries
Authors: Jantunen Tommi , Mesch Johanna , Ferrara Lindsay 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This semi-systematic literature review examines signed language corpus research in the Nordic countries, with a quantitative and qualitative assessment of corpus research. The article first describes some critical components and functionalities of signed language corpora. It then outlines the evolution of Nordic corpus research, highlighting Sweden’s pioneering role and subsequent developments in Finland and Norway. The findings suggest a progression from method-focused publications to those exploring linguistic phenomena within and across (signed) languages. Although the number of research publications is modest, there is a discernible shift towards comparative studies and applications in signed language teaching and learning.
Attachment security, environmental adversity, and fast life history behavioral profiles in human adolescents
Authors: Lu Hui Jing , Lansford Jennifer E. , Liu Yuan Yuan , Chen Bin Bin , Bornstein Marc H. , Skinner Ann T. , Dodge Kenneth A. , Steinberg Laurence , Deater-Deckard Kirby , Rothenberg W. Andrew , Bacchini Dario , Pastorelli Concetta , Alampay Liane Peña , Sorbring Emma , Gurdal Sevtap , Al-Hassan Suha M. , Oburu Paul , Yotanyamaneewong Saengduean , Tapanya Sombat , Di Giunta Laura , Uribe Tirado Liliana Maria , Chang Lei 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
One species-general life history (LH) principle posits that challenging childhood environments are coupled with a fast or faster LH strategy and associated behaviors, while secure and stable childhood environments foster behaviors conducive to a slow or slower LH strategy. This coupling between environments and LH strategies is based on the assumption that individuals’ internal traits and states are independent of their external surroundings. In reality, individuals respond to external environmental conditions in alignment with their intrinsic vitality, encompassing both physical and mental states. The present study investigated attachment as an internal mental state, examining its role in mediating and moderating the association between external environmental adversity and fast LH strategies. A sample of 1169 adolescents (51% girls) from 9 countries was tracked over 10 years, starting from age 8. The results confirm both mediation and moderation and, for moderation, secure attachment nullified and insecure attachment maintained the environment-LH coupling. These findings suggest that attachment could act as an internal regulator, disrupting the contingent coupling between environmental adversity and a faster pace of life, consequently decelerating human LH.
‘Flashforward’ mental imagery in adolescents: exploring developmental differences and associations with mental health
Authors: Lau-Zhu A. , Stacey J. , Gibson D. , Chan C. , Cooper M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground:Future events can spring to mind unbidden in the form of involuntary mental images also known as ‘flashforwards’, which are deemed important for understanding and treating emotional distress. However, there has been little exploration of this form of imagery in youth, and even less so in those with high psychopathology vulnerabilities (e.g. due to developmental differences associated with neurodiversity or maltreatment).Aims:We aimed to test whether flashforwards are heightened (e.g. more frequent and emotional) in autistic and maltreatment-exposed adolescents relative to typically developing adolescents. We also explored their associations with anxiety/depression symptoms.Method:A survey including measures of flashforward imagery and mental health was completed by a group of adolescents (n=87) aged 10–16 (and one of their caregivers) who met one of the following criteria: (i) had a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder; (ii) a history of maltreatment; or (ii) no autism/maltreatment.Results:Flashforwards (i) were often of positive events and related to career, education and/or learning; with phenomenological properties (e.g. frequency and emotionality) that were (ii) not significantly different between groups; but nevertheless (iii) associated with symptoms of anxiety across groups (particularly for imagery emotionality), even after accounting for general trait (non-future) imagery vividness.Conclusions:As a modifiable cognitive risk factor, flashforward imagery warrants further consideration for understanding and improving mental health in young people. This implication may extend to range of developmental backgrounds, including autism and maltreatment.