bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Parent-report Pandemic Anxiety Scale (PAS-P) in the context of COVID-19
Authors: Robertson Olly , Skripkauskaite Simona , Creswell Cathy , McElroy Eoin , Waite Polly 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo be able to develop effective policy and targeted support for children and young people, it is vital to develop and validate measures that enable us to understand what aspects of pandemics are associated with anxiety and stress across a wide age range. We examined the psychometric properties of the Pandemic Anxiety Scale– Parent-report (PAS-P), which measures levels of child and adolescent pandemic-related anxieties. Factor structure, reliability, and convergent and discriminant validity of the PAS-P was assessed in a convenience sample of parents/carers (N­ = 8410) over at three time points in 2020 when COVID-19 case rates and restrictions varied. Factor structure was identified via two exploratory factor analyses (EFAs; n = 5601 and n = 1005) and then tested using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA; n = 800), measurement invariance tests, and a longitudinal CFA (n = 1651). Two factors structure for disease and consequence anxiety were observed across both EFAs and were found to have good fit in the CFAs. The PAS-P demonstrated good internal consistency and discriminant validity, as well as partial scalar invariance in latent construct measurement across child age, gender, and time. The PAS-P is a robust parent-report measure of two distinct forms of pandemic-related anxiety, suitable for reporting on children and adolescents aged 4-16 years. Although the scale has been validated in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is not limited to this specific pandemic and, with minor wording modifications, may be a reliable tool in other health epidemic contexts.
Rational Design of HER2-Targeted Combination Therapies to Reverse Drug Resistance in Fibroblast-Protected HER2+ Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Poskus Matthew D. , McDonald Jacob , Laird Matthew , Li Ruxuan , Norcoss Kyle , Zervantonakis Ioannis K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Fibroblasts, an abundant cell type in the breast tumor microenvironment, interact with cancer cells and orchestrate tumor progression and drug resistance. However, the mechanisms by which fibroblast-derived factors impact drug sensitivity remain poorly understood. Here, we develop rational combination therapies that are informed by proteomic profiling to overcome fibroblast-mediated therapeutic resistance in HER2+ breast cancer cells.

Methods
Drug sensitivity to the HER2 kinase inhibitor lapatinib was characterized under conditions of monoculture and exposure to breast fibroblast-conditioned medium. Protein expression was measured using reverse phase protein arrays. Candidate targets for combination therapy were identified using differential expression and multivariate regression modeling. Follow-up experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of HER2 kinase combination therapies in fibroblast-protected cancer cell lines and fibroblasts.

Results
Compared to monoculture, fibroblast-conditioned medium increased the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI1) and cell cycle regulator polo like kinase 1 (PLK1) in lapatinib-treated breast cancer cells. Combination therapy of lapatinib with inhibitors targeting either PAI1 or PLK1, eliminated fibroblast-protected cancer cells, under both conditions of direct coculture with fibroblasts and protection by fibroblast-conditioned medium. Analysis of publicly available, clinical transcriptomic datasets revealed that HER2-targeted therapy fails to suppress PLK1 expression in stroma-rich HER2+ breast tumors and that high PAI1 gene expression associates with high stroma density. Furthermore, we showed that an epigenetics-directed approach using a bromodomain and extraterminal inhibitor to globally target fibroblast-induced proteomic adaptions in cancer cells, also restored lapatinib sensitivity.

Conclusions
Our data-driven framework of proteomic profiling in breast cancer cells identified the proteolytic degradation regulator PAI1 and the cell cycle regulator PLK1 as predictors of fibroblast-mediated treatment resistance. Combination therapies targeting HER2 kinase and these fibroblast-induced signaling adaptations eliminates fibroblast-protected HER2+ breast cancer cells.
On Non-visibility of Kobayashi Geodesics and the Geometry of the Boundary
Authors: Ökten Ahmed Yekta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We show that on convex domains with

$$\mathcal {C}^{1,\alpha }$$

C

1
,
α

-smooth boundary the limit set of non-visible Kobayashi geodesics are contained in a complex face. In

$$\mathbb {C}^2$$

C

2

this implies the existence of a complex tangential line segment of non-Goldilocks point in the boundary. Conversely, we construct sequences of non-visible almost-geodesics on (

$$\mathbb {C}$$

C

-)convex domains whose boundary contains a complex tangential line segment of non-Goldilocks points in a specific direction.
Quantitative Estimates on the Singular Set of Minimal Hypersurfaces with Bounded Index
Authors: Aiex Nicolau S. , McCurdy Sean , Minter Paul 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We prove local measure bounds on the tubular neighbourhood of the singular set of codimension one stationary integral n-varifolds V in Riemannian manifolds which have both: (i) finite index on their smoothly embedded part; and (ii)

$$\mathcal {H}^{n-1}$$

H

n
-
1

-null singular set. A direct consequence of such a bound is a bound on the upper Minkowski content of the singular set of such a varifold in terms of its total mass and its index. Such a result improves on known bounds, namely the corresponding bound on the

$$\mathcal {H}^{n-7}$$

H

n
-
7

-measure of the singular set established by Song (Duke Math J 172(11):2073–2147, 2023), as well as the same bounds established by Naber and Valtorta (J Eur Math Soc 22(10):3305–3382, 2020) for codimension one area minimising currents. Our results also provide more structural information on the singular set for codimension one integral varifolds with finite index (on the regular part) and no classical singularities established by Wickramasekera (Ann Math 179:843–1007, 2014).
ER-Phagie und Neurodegeneration
Authors: Hübner Christian A. , Ðikić Ivan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Autophagy is a process to target substrates for lysosomal degradation, which starts with the enclosure of the substrate by the LC3-labelled isolation membrane and the subsequent fusion with lysosomes. Selectivity of this process can be achieved via autophagy receptors. In recent years, several receptors which target ER subdomains for degradation via autophagy (reticulophagy or ER-phagy) have been described. Some of which are associated with neurodegenerative disorders.
How Many Jews of Color Are There? Recognizing Jewish Diversity: Science and Controversy
Authors: Sheskin Ira M. , Dashefsky Arnold 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFirst, this paper contends that, in 2013, the best estimate of the percentage of Jews who are Jews of Color (JoC) was about 6%, and in 2020, it was about 8%. We rely on two sources to support this conclusion: national Jewish population studies and local Jewish community studies. This paper also presents evidence that members of some groups (Hispanic Jews in particular) may not consider themselves to be “of color,” and Black, Hispanic, Asian, and “other” Jews differ from one another in significant ways. Treating these different groups under one umbrella may not lead to the best policy decisions. Second, we published a short piece on Jews of Color in the 2019 American Jewish Year Book to bring attention to the increasing diversity of American Jews. This was followed by a column in eJewishPhilanthropy. A controversy ensued upon publication of this column. In this paper, we respond to some of these charges and talk about the lessons we learned from this experience.
Myocardial Scar Imaging: Viability Beyond REVIVED
Authors: Kiberu Yusuf , Jathanna Nikesh , Narayanan Nithin , Vanezis Andrew P , Erhayiem Bara , Graham Adam , Jamil-Copley Shahnaz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose of Review
It was previously believed that the presence of myocardial viability in patients with significant coronary artery disease improved outcomes following revascularisation, but the landmark STITCH trial found no significant correlation between viability and overall survival. However, the study used single photon emission contrast tomography or dobutamine stress echocardiography for viability assessment, but late gadolinium enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (LGE-CMR) has since become the gold standard for viability assessment. Additionally, there has been significant progress in heart failure pharmacotherapy. Leveraging these advances, the REVIVED study authors revisited the role of revascularisation on heart failure patient clinical outcomes. Similar to the STITCH study, REVIVED also identified a lack of correlation between viability and outcomes, confirming its limited role in revascularisation decision making. The purpose of this review is to discuss the advances in myocardial viability imaging and the role of LGE-CMR scar assessment beyond the REVIVED study.

Recent Findings
Myocardial scar predisposes to ventricular arrythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). It is the authors’ opinion that beyond REVIVED, focus should be placed on optimising the management of ventricular arrhythmias through visualisation and characterisation of cardiac scar to improve clinical outcomes. A significant proportion of SCDs occur in patients who remain unprotected if guided by current recommendations. Several studies have confirmed the presence and burden of scar as a better predictor of clinical outcomes in comparison to the current gold standard of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).

Summary
The potential of machine learning and radiomics to visualise cardiac anatomy and characterise scar, leveraged with the ability to integrate segmented CMR and clinical electroanatomic maps intraoperatively shows promise in improving outcomes in VT ablations and delivering precision treatment based on individual risk.
Prognostic risk model of LIHC T-cells based on scRNA-seq and RNA-seq and the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment
Authors: Ding Shoupeng , Yi Xiaomei , Gao Jinghua , Huang Chunxiao , Zheng Shouzhao , Wu Lixian , Cai Zihan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundT-cell-related genes play a crucial role in LIHC development. However, a reliable prognostic profile based on risk models of these genes has yet to be identified.MethodsSingle-cell datasets from both tumor and normal tissue samples were obtained from the GEO database. We identified T-cell marker genes and developed a genetic risk model using the TCGA-LIHC dataset, which was subsequently validated with an independent GEO dataset. We also explored the relationship between risk model predictions and immune responses.ResultsWe constructed a prognostic risk model using eight gene features identified through screening 860 T-cell marker genes via scRNA-seq and RNA-seq, which was subsequently integrated with the TCGA dataset. Its validity was independently confirmed using GEO and ICGC datasets. The TCGA dataset was stratified into high-risk and low-risk groups based on the risk model. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the risk score as an independent prognostic factor. GSEA indicated ribosomal transporter metabolism enrichment in the high-risk group and significant transcriptional activation in the low-risk group. ESTIMATE analysis showed higher ESTIMATE, immune, and stromal scores in the low-risk group, which also exhibited lower tumor purity than the high-risk group. Immunophenotyping revealed distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration and an immunosuppressive environment in the high-risk group.ConclusionsThis study introduces a T-cell marker-based prognostic risk model for LIHC patients. This model effectively predicted survival outcomes and immunotherapy effectiveness in LIHC patients, aligning with diverse immune responses and the distinct immunological profiles observed in the high-risk group.
Pure wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) or hybrids? A whole-genome sequencing approach to solve the taxonomical status
Authors: Weldenegodguad Melak , Niemi Milla , Mykrä-Pohja Sakari , Pokharel Kisun , Hamama Tuula-Marjatta , Paasivaara Antti , Kantanen Juha 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn Finland, the geographic distribution of domestic reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and Finnish wild forest reindeer (Rangifer tarandus fennicus) partly overlap in the vicinity of the southern border of the reindeer herding area. Additionally, domestic reindeer are occasionally kept as pets within the distribution range of the wild forest reindeer. Hybridisation of these two subspecies is one of the major threats for the wild forest reindeer population. Concerns about potential hybridisation served as the catalyst also for this study, which we aimed to clarify the taxonomic status of presumed wild forest reindeer individuals intended as founder individuals for a reintroduction project. To do this, we resequenced genomes of four Rangifer tarandus individuals with unknown taxonomical status and investigated their ancestries by comparing the genomic data with the existing resequenced data of the Finnish domestic reindeer and Finnish wild forest reindeer. The genetic relationship investigations indicated that all individuals we analysed were pure wild forest reindeer, making them suitable as founder individuals for the reintroduction project. Thus, our study provided critical knowledge for practical conservation action, where it was essential to recognise each individual’s origin. In the future, it will also offer novel insights into the spread of native wild forest reindeer to new geographic regions in Finland. For subsequent studies, additional resequenced genomic data of Rangifer individuals will be needed to develop an ancestry information marker panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms for rapid and cost-effective identification of hybrid individuals of these subspecies.
Surface Roughness Evaluation of Blast-Cleaned Structural Steel Plates Considering Measurement Deviation
Authors: Takai Toshikazu , Morimoto Kenta 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSurface roughness is an important characteristic of blast-cleaned structural steel plates. This is because the adhesion of the coating and the frictional grip of the bolted connections are related to surface roughness. Surface roughness is usually measured using a surface roughness meter. Because the roughness of blast-cleaned surfaces is not uniform, it varies from position to position. The surface roughness test results obtained from a broad area are more valuable than those obtained from a narrow area. Because the measured values contain deviations, they are measured multiple times and averaged to reduce the influence of deviations. However, to evaluate roughness, it is necessary to clarify the measurement conditions to obtain accurate results. Consider combining these sentences as follows: In this study, the surface roughness of the blast-cleaned structural steel sample was measured at multiple locations to obtain its distribution characteristics. During each sample measurement, the detection sensor of the surface roughness meter was lifted and placed on the steel sample to determine deviations from the actual results. The surface roughness distributions of five blast-cleaned samples were the same under the identical measurement conditions. This indicates that accurate results can be obtained by measuring representative samples, without the need for measuring all samples; actually, 17 measurements were adequate to obtain a mean surface roughness value with a 95% confidence level and a 5% acceptable error rate.
Effect of Heat Treatment on Corrosion Behavior of S275 Mild Steel Using Accelerated DC Voltage, LPR, and EIS
Authors: Jacob Liyamol , Parapurath Shahid , Vahdati Nader , Gunister Ebru 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study used an external DC voltage of 1.5 V to accelerate corrosion in heat-treated S275 mild steel samples at different time intervals. LPR and EIS were used to study the corrosion behavior of original and quenched steel samples. There was only a negligible difference in the corrosion rate (CR) for the original and the quenched samples up to 30 min of voltage application in a 3.5% NaCl electrolyte media. When the exposure time increased to 60 min, the original sample showed seven times higher CR than the quenched samples. The pits on the surface of the original samples acted as cathodes, enhancing the reaction rate on the surface and increasing its CR dramatically. This led to bimodal corrosion, where the first part is led by concentration and diffusion; while, the second part is led by localized corrosion. The smaller pits on the original surface samples served as cathodic reaction centers, exacerbating corrosion. The corrosion rate of the original samples ranged from 0.8 to 7.8 mmpy; whereas, the corrosion rate of the quenched samples remained consistently around 0.8 mmpy. This trend can be observed in long-term corrosion in different metals. The uniformly oriented martensitic microstructure and the quenched samples’ small grain size prevented the enhanced ion penetration due to applied voltage. This study analyses the long-term stability of structural steel samples in marine environments by accelerating the corrosion rate by an applied external DC voltage.
Epidemiological changes and outcomes of people living with HIV admitted to the intensive care unit: a 14-year retrospective study
Authors: Martínez Esther , Foncillas Alberto , Téllez Adrián , Fernández Sara , Martínez-Nadal Gemma , Rico Verónica , Tomé Adrià , Ugarte Ainoa , Rinaudo Mariano , Berrocal Leire , De Lazzari Elisa , Miró Jose M. , Nicolás Jose M. , Mallolas Josep , De la Mora Lorena , Castro Pedro 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purposes
Since 2016, the World Health Organization has recommended universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). This recommendation may have influenced the characteristics and outcomes of PLHIV admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aims to identify changes in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of PLHIV admitted to the ICU, and their short- and medium-term outcomes before and after the implementation of universal ART (periods 2006–2015 and 2016–2019).

Methods
This retrospective, observational, single-center study included all adult PLHIV admitted to the ICU of a University Hospital in Barcelona from 2006 to 2019.

Results
The study included 502 admissions involving 428 patients, predominantly men (75%) with a median (P25-P75) age of 47.5 years (39.7–53.9). Ninety-one percent were diagnosed with HIV before admission, with 82% under ART and 60% admitted from the emergency department. In 2016–2019, there were more patients on ART pre-admission, reduced needs for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and fewer in-ICU complications. ICU mortality was also lower (14% vs 7%). Predictors of in-ICU mortality included acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining event (ADE)-related admissions, ICU complications, higher SOFA scores, IMV and renal replacement therapy (RRT) requirement. ART use during ICU admission was protective. Higher SOFA scores, admission from hospital wards, and more comorbidities predicted one-year mortality.

Conclusions
The in-ICU mortality of critically ill PLHIV has decreased in recent years, likely due to changes in patient characteristics. Pre- and ICU admission features remain the primary predictors of short- and medium-term outcomes.
Dynamic Compression of Glass/Epoxy Composites: The Effects of Fibre Architecture & Ageing, and Use of Energy Flux as a Characterisation Tool
Authors: Perry J. I. , Williamson D. M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFibre-reinforced composites (FRPs) are strong, light and corrosion resistant. From marine to aerospace and space applications, potential benefits from wider use of high-strength FRPs include increased fuel efficiency and service life. However, they are also highly complex, with strongly anisotropic properties which depend not just on their constituents but also their meso- and micro-structural properties like fibre architecture and fibre-matrix bonding. Developing a more robust understanding of how they behave is therefore critical if we hope to use FRPs more. High-strain-rate loading conditions are of particular importance for composites, as their high specific strength makes them ideal for many applications involving rapid accelerations, which are often at risk of high-speed impact threats. Here, FRPs with similar fibre and matrix components, but differing fibre architectures, have been studied at loading rates of the order of 0.01/s and 1000/s under both ‘pristine’ condition and after ageing by full saturation in a demineralised water bath at 40 °C. Experiments were designed to ensure equilibrium is reached early in the deformation process to discern information about stiffness and toughness, and the use of energy flux is considered in terms of power and total work done to characterise both experimental conditions and material response.
Multiple agricultural risks and insurance—issues, perspectives, and illustration for wine-growing
Authors: Aubert Cécile , Raineau Yann , Raynal Marc , Pasquier Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Agricultural producers face multiple risks, including climatic, disease, and market risks, that make crop insurance especially valuable to them. However, risk interactions raise specific issues: The value of prevention efforts in a multiple risk context, risk correlation, and compounded effects (whereby the realization of a risk makes it difficult to prevent another one) all affect the design and effectiveness of insurance. In contrast to the US, the EU-subsidized crop insurance creates different financial conditions for climate and pest risks and increases expertise costs. We discuss how this affects input use and disproportionately disadvantages organic producers because of compounded effects. We report on an experiment bundling a real pest insurance contract with an agronomic protocol aiming at reducing treatments, for vine-growing in the South-West of France. The experiment highlighted the costs to separating risks in insurance contracts, as well as the need for insurance to help transition to greener practices.