bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CNS-resident progenitors direct the vascularization of neighboring tissues
Authors: Matsuoka Ryota L. , Rossi Andrea , Stone Oliver A. , Stainier Didier Y. R. 
Published: August 2017

Significance
The formation of the vascular network surrounding the central nervous system (CNS) is important for its subsequent vascularization. Previous work has suggested that the developing neural tube provides signals to recruit the endothelial cells that form the peri-neural vascular plexus (PNVP), a vascular network that surrounds the CNS. Here, we identify a critical role for CNS-resident progenitors in directing multistep angiogenic processes required for PNVP formation. Genetic ablation of CNS-resident progenitors in zebrafish affects the formation of the vascular network in tissues adjacent to the spinal cord. Genetic inactivation of Vegfab/Vegfr2 signaling phenocopies these vascular defects, and CNS-resident progenitors serve as a source of Vegfab. Mosaic overexpression of Vegfab in these progenitors induces ectopic blood vessels directed toward their endfeet.
Binding mechanism and dynamic conformational change of C subunit of PKA with different pathways
Authors: Chu Wen-Ting , Chu Xiakun , Wang Jin 
Published: August 2017

Significance
PKA is one of the largest kinase families in eukaryotes. The conformational change of catalytic subunit of PKA (PKAc) is linked to the substrate recognition and catalytic activity. We quantified the free energy landscapes of PKAc dynamics and uncovered the binding mechanism of two different ligands, ATP and PKI to PKAc, by using the weighted coarse-grained model and molecular dynamics simulations. Our results suggest mixed binding mechanism of induced fit and conformational selection and favor the pathway with PKAc-ATP as an intermediate (ATP binding first). Also, our studies indicate the critical residues at different stages of binding during the conformational change process from open to closed states.
Artificial intelligence and knowledge management: questioning the tacit dimension
Authors: Sanzogni Louis , Guzman Gustavo , Busch Peter 
Published: September 2017

AbstractKnowledge management (KM) has matured to the point that many organisations either believe they have such practices in place or at least understand they are relevant to the knowledge work commonly undertaken in many industries. What is lacking from the literature, however, is a solid foundation for the philosophies underpinning KM and particularly for how tacit knowledge informs the KM space. Research over decades shows tacit knowledge underpins all other forms of knowledge, enabling the interpretation and judicious application of knowledge, leading (at its highest levels) to the concept of wisdom. As an academic discipline, artificial intelligence (AI) was established before KM, has been grounded in the computing discipline for many decades, and is applied broadly in many domains. This paper explores how AI can inform the KM debate. Rather than simply provide examples of AI success stories as applied to KM in practice, it explores the theoretical and practical limitations of AI and KM in unison, providing at the same time a strong epistemological understanding of both disciplines as a means of furthering the knowledge debate, with particular emphasis on the role of tacit knowledge within this jurisdiction.
SMLocalizer, a GPU accelerated ImageJ plugin for single molecule localization microscopy
Authors: Bernhem Kristoffer , Brismar Hjalmar 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Summary
SMLocalizer combines the availability of ImageJ with the power of GPU processing for fast and accurate analysis of single molecule localization microscopy data. Analysis of 2D and 3D data in multiple channels is supported.

Availability and implementation
Plugin freely available for Fiji and ImageJ2.0 through https://sourceforge.net/projects/smlocalizer/. Plugin also available for continuous updates through ImageJ update system, add http://sites.imagej.net/Cellular-Biophysics-KTH/ as update site in ImageJ. Java and CUDA source code freely available on the web at https://github.com/KristofferBernhem/SMlocalizer.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Constitutive phenolic biomarkers identify naïve Quercus agrifolia resistant to Phytophthora ramorum, the causal agent of sudden oak death
Authors: Conrad Anna O , McPherson Brice A , Wood David L , Madden Laurence V , Bonello Pierluigi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSudden oak death, caused by the invasive pathogen Phytophthora ramorum Werres, de Cock & Man in't Veld, can be deadly for Quercus agrifolia Neé (coast live oak, CLO). However, resistant trees have been observed in natural populations. The objective of this study was to examine if pre-attack (constitutive) levels of phenolic compounds can be used as biomarkers to identify trees likely to be resistant. Naïve trees were selected from a natural population and phloem was sampled for analysis of constitutive phenolics. Following P. ramorum inoculation, trees were phenotyped to determine disease susceptibility and constitutive phenolic biomarkers of resistance were identified. Seasonal variation in phloem phenolics was also assessed in a subset of non-inoculated trees. Four biomarkers, including myricitrin and three incompletely characterized flavonoids, together correctly classified 80% of trees. Biomarker levels were then used to predict survival of inoculated CLO and the proportion of resistant trees within a subset of non-inoculated trees from the same population. Levels of five phenolics were significantly affected by season, but with no pronounced variation in average levels among seasons. These results suggest that pre-infection levels of specific phenolic compounds (i.e., biomarkers) can identify trees naturally resistant to this invasive forest pathogen. Knowledge of resistant trees within natural populations may be useful for conserving and breeding resistant trees and for disease management.
Association between Intrapartum Magnesium Administration and the Incidence of Maternal Fever
Authors: Lange Elizabeth M. S. , Segal Scott , Pancaro Carlo , Wong Cynthia A. , Grobman William A. , Russell Gregory B. , Toledo Paloma 
Published: September 2017

Abstract

Background
Intrapartum maternal fever is associated with several adverse neonatal outcomes. Intrapartum fever can be infectious or inflammatory in etiology. Increases in interleukin 6 and other inflammatory markers are associated with maternal fever. Magnesium has been shown to attenuate interleukin 6–mediated fever in animal models. We hypothesized that parturients exposed to intrapartum magnesium would have a lower incidence of fever than nonexposed parturients.

Methods
In this study, electronic medical record data from all deliveries at Northwestern Memorial Hospital (Chicago, Illinois) between 2007 and 2014 were evaluated. The primary outcome was intrapartum fever (temperature at or higher than 38.0°C). Factors associated with the development of maternal fever were evaluated using a multivariable logistic regression model. Propensity score matching was used to reduce potential bias from nonrandom selection of magnesium administration.

Results
Of the 58,541 women who met inclusion criteria, 5,924 (10.1%) developed intrapartum fever. Febrile parturients were more likely to be nulliparous, have used neuraxial analgesia, and have been delivered via cesarean section. The incidence of fever was lower in women exposed to magnesium (6.0%) than those who were not (10.2%). In multivariable logistic regression, women exposed to magnesium were less likely to develop a fever (adjusted odds ratio = 0.42 [95% CI, 0.31 to 0.58]). After propensity matching (N = 959 per group), the odds ratio of developing fever was lower in women who received magnesium therapy (odds ratio = 0.68 [95% CI, 0.48 to 0.98]).

Conclusions
Magnesium may play a protective role against the development of intrapartum fever. Future work should further explore the association between magnesium dosing and the incidence of maternal fever.
The Effect of Signal to Noise Ratio on Cortical Auditory–Evoked Potentials Elicited to Speech Stimuli in Infants and Adults With Normal Hearing
Authors: Small Susan A. , Sharma Mridula , Bradford M. , Mandikal Vasuki Pragati Rao 
Published: September 2017

Objectives:
Identification and discrimination of speech sounds in noisy environments is challenging for adults and even more so for infants and children. Behavioral studies consistently report maturational differences in the influence that signal to noise ratio (SNR) and masker type have on speech processing; however, few studies have investigated the neural mechanisms underlying these differences at the level of the auditory cortex. In the present study, we investigated the effect of different SNRs on speech-evoked cortical auditory–evoked potentials (CAEPs) in infants and adults with normal hearing.

Design:
A total of 10 adults (mean age 24.1 years) and 15 infants (mean age 30.7 weeks), all with normal hearing, were included in the data analyses. CAEPs were evoked to /m/ and /t/ speech stimuli (duration: 79 ms) presented at 75 dB SPL in the sound field with a jittered interstimulus interval of 1000–1200 ms. Each of the stimuli were presented in quiet and in the presence of white noise (SNRs of 10, 15, and 20 dB). Amplitude and latency measures were compared for P1, N1, and P2 for adults and for the large positivity (P) and following negativity (N: N250 and/or N450) for infants elicited in quiet and across SNR conditions.

Results:
Infant P-N responses to /t/ showed no statistically significant amplitude and latency effects across SNR conditions; in contrast, infant CAEPs to /m/ were greatly reduced in amplitude and delayed in latency. Responses were more frequently absent for SNRs of 20 dB or less. Adult P1-N1-P2 responses were present for all SNRs for /t/ and most SNRs for /m/ (two adults had no responses to /m/ for SNR 10); significant effects of SNR were found for P1, N1, and P2 amplitude and latencies.

Conclusions:
The findings of the present study support that SNR effects on CAEP amplitudes and latencies in infants cannot be generalized across different types of speech stimuli and cannot be predicted from adult data. These findings also suggest that factors other than energetic masking are contributing to the immaturities in the SNR effects for infants. How these CAEP findings relate to an infant’s capacity to process speech-in-noise perceptually has yet to be established; however, we can be confident that the presence of CAEPs to a speech stimulus in noise means that the stimulus is detected at the level of the auditory cortex. The absence of a response should be interpreted with caution as further studies are needed to investigate a range of different speech stimuli and SNRs, in conjunction with behavioral measures, to confirm that infant CAEPs do indeed reflect functional auditory capacity to process speech stimuli in noise.
A Prospective, Open-Label Study of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Filler With Lidocaine (VYC-15L) Treatment for the Correction of Infraorbital Skin Depressions
Authors: Niforos Francois , Acquilla Raj , Ogilvie Patricia , Safa Marva , Signorini Massimo , Creutz Lela , Kerson Graeme , Silberberg Michael 
Published: August 2017

BACKGROUND
Infraorbital skin depressions are one of the most troublesome facial areas for aesthetically aware patients.

OBJECTIVE
Evaluate effectiveness and safety of Juvéderm Volbella with Lidocaine (VYC-15L; Allergan plc, Dublin, Ireland) for correction of bilateral infraorbital depressions.

METHODS
In this 12-month, prospective, uncontrolled, open-label study, subjects aged ≥18 years with infraorbital depressions rated ≥1 on the Allergan Infra-oRbital Scale (AIRS) received injections of VYC-15L with optional touch-up treatment on Day 14. The primary efficacy measure was ≥1 AIRS grade improvement from baseline at month 1.

RESULTS
Of 80 subjects initially treated with VYC-15L, 75 (94%) completed the study. All injections were intentionally deep, most using multiple microbolus technique. At 1 month, 99.3% of eyes achieved ≥1 AIRS grade improvement. The responder rate (subjects with ≥1 AIRS grade improvement in both eyes) was 99% at month 1, 92% at month 6, and 54% at month 12. Most injection site reactions (e.g., bruising, redness, irregularities/bumps) were mild and resolved by day 14. Late-onset mild to moderate edema was observed in 11% of eyes at month 6% and 4% of eyes at month 12.

CONCLUSION
VYC-15L is effective and safe for the treatment of infraorbital depressions, with effectiveness lasting up to 12 months.
Favorable Outcome in Coccidioides Endophthalmitis—A Combined Medical and Surgical Treatment Approach
Authors: Ling Jennifer J. , Bays Derek J. , Thompson George R. , Moshiri Ala , Mannis Mark J. 
Published: September 2017

Purpose:
To describe a case of Coccidioides endophthalmitis that resulted in a favorable visual outcome after a combined medical and surgical approach.

Methods:
A 33-year-old previously healthy woman was referred for evaluation of dyspnea and left-sided vision loss, which began 3 months before, after a trip to Nevada. She was found to have a pulmonary cavitary lesion and fluffy white material in the anterior chamber. An aqueous and vitreous paracentesis grew Coccidioides species. She was managed medically with a total of 7 weekly intravitreal injections of amphotericin B and intravenous liposomal amphotericin B followed by transition to oral posaconazole. Seven months after presentation, to ensure ocular sterilization and to clear the visual axis, she underwent temporary keratoprosthesis implantation, anterior segment reconstruction, removal of a cyclitic membrane and the crystalline lens, pars plana vitrectomy, placement of a pars plana Ahmed drainage device, and penetrating keratoplasty.

Results:
After surgical intervention and with maintenance posaconazole therapy, the patient had resolution of her dyspnea and improved uncorrected (aphakic) vision with a clear corneal graft, quiet anterior chamber, and normal optic nerve and retina.

Conclusions:
A combined medical and surgical approach resulted in a favorable visual outcome and avoided the need for enucleation.
Effect of Optic Nerve Disinsertion During Evisceration on Nonporous Implant Migration: A Comparative Case Series and a Review of Literature
Authors: Dave Tarjani V. , Ezeanosike Edak , Basu Sayan , Ali Mohammad Javed , Kaliki Swathi , Naik Milind N. 
Published: September 2017

Aim:
To determine whether evisceration with optic nerve disinsertion and nonporous implant placement increases the risk of implant migration.

Methods:
This was a single-center, retrospective consecutive comparative interventional case series including patients undergoing evisceration with nonporous implant between January and December 2014. Patients were grouped into 2 groups: group I where the optic nerve was not disinserted (n = 37) and group II with optic nerve disinsertion (n = 50). Implant migration was assessed clinically and on patient photographs. Migration was subclassified as decentration that did not affect the prosthetic outcome and displacement that affected the prosthetic outcome. The secondary outcome measures were the mean implant diameter, volume of the custom ocular prosthesis, and implant-related complications like exposure and extrusion between the 2 groups.

Results:
At a mean follow up of 12.5 months, none of the sockets in group I and 3 (6%) sockets in group II (p = 0.35) had evidence of implant decentration. There were no cases of implant displacement in both groups. The mean implant diameter in group I was 16.97 mm ± 0.65 mm and in group II 19.2 mm ± 0.83 mm (p = 0.0001). Implant extrusion was not different between the 2 groups. The mean custom ocular prosthesis volume in group I was 3.86 ml ± 0.52 ml and in group II 2.50 ml ± 0.68 ml (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:
The rate of nonporous implant migration due to optic nerve disinsertion is not statistically or clinically significant in evisceration with optic nerve disinsertion, allowing placement of a larger implant and fabrication of a custom ocular prosthesis with an ideal weight.
The Last State to Grant Nurse Practitioners DEA Licensure
Authors: Kellams Joni R. , Maye John P. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Nurse practitioners (NPs) now have prescriptive authority for controlled substances in all 50 states in the United States. Florida, the last state to grant NPs DEA licensure, has been wrought with prescription diversion practices for a number of years as pill mills, doctor shopping, and overprescribing proliferated. Prescription Drug Monitoring Programs (PDMPs) help curb drug diversion activity and play a key role in reducing the abuse of controlled substances. The primary objective of this education improvement initiative was to increase knowledge of actively licensed NPs in the state of Florida regarding the state’s PDMP. The main themes included the drug abuse problem, description and progression of the PDMP, and how to use the Florida PDMP. Upon approval from the institutional review board, this education improvement initiative gauged NP knowledge of the PDMP and main themes before and after an educational PowerPoint intervention. A pretest/posttest questionnaire was administered for assessment of all knowledge questions. One hundred forty-five NPs with active advanced registered NP licenses in Florida completed both the pretest and posttest questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and paired t tests were used for statistical significance testing. Knowledge of the PDMP and the main themes of the education improvement initiative significantly increased (p < .001) from pretest to posttest results. This education improvement initiative had positive effects for NPs on the knowledge of the Florida PDMP and the main themes. This indicated that Florida NPs are able to acquire greater comprehension of the PDMP by an education intervention.
Intestinal Rehabilitation Programs in the Management of Pediatric Intestinal Failure and Short Bowel Syndrome
Authors: Merritt Russell J. , Cohran Valeria , Raphael Bram P. , Sentongo Timothy , Volpert Diana , Warner Brad W. , Goday Praveen S. ,   Nutrition Committee of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTIntestinal failure is a rare, debilitating condition that presents both acute and chronic medical management challenges. The condition is incompatible with life in the absence of the safe application of specialized and individualized medical therapy that includes surgery, medical equipment, nutritional products, and standard nursing care. Intestinal rehabilitation programs are best suited to provide such complex care with the goal of achieving enteral autonomy and oral feeding with or without intestinal transplantation. These programs almost all include pediatric surgeons, pediatric gastroenterologists, specialized nurses, and dietitians; many also include a variety of other medical and allied medical specialists. Intestinal rehabilitation programs provide integrated interdisciplinary care, more discussion of patient management by involved specialists, continuity of care through various treatment interventions, close follow‐up of outpatients, improved patient and family education, earlier treatment of complications, and learning from the accumulated patient databases. Quality assurance and research collaboration among centers are also goals of many of these programs. The combined and coordinated talents and skills of multiple types of health care practitioners have the potential to ameliorate the impact of intestinal failure and improve health outcomes and quality of life.
Early and Delayed 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT Findings in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis
Authors: Abdelhafez Yasser G. , Hagge Rosalie J. , Badawi Ramsey D. , Raychaudhuri Siba P. , Chaudhari Abhijit J. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We report the case of a 74-year-old man with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) who underwent dual-phase high-resolution 99mTc-MDP SPECT/CT. Early radiotracer enhancement was noted in 2 RA joints of the right hand, both presenting with a ring-like uptake pattern around the joint, consistent with synovitis. Insignificant early enhancement was noted at the first carpometacarpal joint, despite presentation of CT features of OA. The delayed-phase enhancement patterns were distinct, showing asymmetry in RA joints, but a symmetric, joint-centered pattern for the OA joint.
The Effects of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Differentiated Into Endothelial Cells and Osteoblasts on Healing of Critical Size Calvarial Defects
Authors: Orbay Hakan , Busse Brittany , Leach Jonathan Kent , Sahar David E. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Delayed vascularization and resultant resorption limits the clinical use of tissue engineered bony constructs. The objective of this study is to develop a strategy to accelerate the neovascularization of tissue-engineered bony constructs using endothelial differentiated adipose-derived stem cells (ASC). The authors harvested ASC from inguinal fat pads of male Lewis rats (n = 5) and induced toward endothelial and osteoblastic lineages. The authors created critical size calvarial defects on male Lewis rats (n = 30) and randomized the animals into 4 groups. For the repair of the defects the authors used hydroxyapatite/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) [HA-PLG] scaffolds in group I, HA-PLG scaffolds seeded with ASC in group II, HA-PLG scaffolds seeded with ASC-derived endothelial cells in group III, and HA-PLG scaffolds seeded with ASC-derived osteoblasts in group IV. The authors evaluated the bone healing histologically and with micro-computed tomography (CT) scans 8 weeks later. Adipose-derived stem cells exhibited the characteristics of endothelial and osteogenic lineages, and attached on HA-PLG scaffolds after differentiation. Micro-CT analysis revealed that highest bone mineral density was in group IV (1.46 ± 0.01 g/cm3) followed by groups III (1.43 ± 0.05 g/cm3), I (1.42 ± 0.05 g/cm3), and II (1.3 ± 0.1 g/cm3). Hematoxylin–Eosin and Masson Trichrome staining revealed similar results with the highest bone regeneration in group IV followed by groups II, III, and I. Regenerated bone in group IV also had the highest vascular density, but none of these differences achieved statistical significance (P > 0.05). The ASC-derived endothelial cells and osteoblasts provide a limited increase in calvarial bone healing when combined with HA-PLG scaffolds.
Elucidating the genetic architecture of reproductive ageing in the Japanese population
Authors: Horikoshi Momoko , Day Felix R. , Kamatani Yoichiro , Hirata Makoto , Akiyama Masato , Matsuda Koichi , Wright Hollis , Toro Carlos A. , Ojeda Sergio R. , Lomniczi Alejandro , Kubo Michiaki , Ong Ken K. , Perry John R. B. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPopulation studies over the past decade have successfully elucidated the genetic architecture of reproductive ageing. However, those studies were largely limited to European ancestries, restricting the generalizability of the findings and overlooking possible key genes poorly captured by common European genetic variation. Here, in up to 67,029 women of Japanese ancestry, we report 26 loci (all P<5×10¯8) for puberty timing or age at menopause, representing the first loci for reproductive ageing in any non-European population. Highlighted genes for menopause includeGNRH1,which supports a primary, rather than passive, role for hypothalamic-pituitary GnRH signalling in the timing of menopause. For puberty timing, we demonstrate an aetiological role for receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatases by combining evidence across population genetics and pre- and peri-pubertal changes in hypothalamic gene expression in rodent and primate models. Furthermore, our findings demonstrate widespread differences in allele frequencies and effect estimates between Japanese and European populations, highlighting the benefits and challenges of large-scale trans-ethnic approaches.