bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐Method Synergy: Using the Life History Calendar and Life as a Film for Retrospective Narratives
Authors: KANG TIMOTHY , KRUTTSCHNITT CANDACE , GOODMAN PHILIP 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAs scholars of crime increasingly use narratives elicited from people found guilty of committing crime, it is critical that we reflect methodologically and theoretically on exactly how researchers collect those narratives, and what scholars do with people's stories and conceptualisations of their past, present, and future. To contribute to these reflections, we examine the utility of the Life History Calendar (LHC) and the Life as a Film (LAAF) procedure for collecting retrospective life histories from incarcerated chronic offenders. We note the respective advantages of each method, particularly for capturing the dynamic social contexts and reflected appraisals during critical periods of the life course of offenders. Most importantly, we argue that using the LHC and the LAAF together not only supplements the deficiencies of each method, but they also work together synergistically to improve the breadth and depth of data collection and our ability to understand the interplay between narratives, context, and experience.
The Mechanics of Reform: Implementing Correctional Programmes in English Prisons
Authors: BULLOCK KAREN , BUNCE ANNIE , DODDS CHARLOTTE 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDelivering correctional programmes in the prison environment has proved challenging, and desired outcomes have not always been achieved. Drawing on interview data, this article considers the mechanics through which programmes are introduced into English prisons and how the environment shapes what is accomplished. We argue that the operation of programmes is influenced by institutional features (such as values, priorities and resources), situational features (such as the challenges posed by operating in the secure environment), and interactional factors (such as the attitudes of prison staff and the nature of programme‐prison staff relations).
TheAnopheles gambiaeATP‐binding cassette transporter family: phylogenetic analysis and tissue localization provide clues on function and role in insecticide resistance
Authors: Pignatelli P. , Ingham V. A. , Balabanidou V. , Vontas J. , Lycett G. , Ranson H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe role of ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) transporters in conferring insecticide resistance has received much attention recently. Here we identify ABC transporters differentially expressed in insecticide‐resistant populations of the malaria vector,Anopheles gambiae. Although we found little evidence that the orthologues of the multidrug resistance proteins described in other species are associated with resistance inAn. gambiaewe did identify a subset of ABC proteins consistently differentially expressed in pyrethroid‐resistant populations from across Africa. We present information on the phylogenetic relationship, primary sites of expression and potential role of ABC transporters in mediating the mosquito's response to insecticides. Furthermore we demonstrate that a paralogous group of eight ABCG transporters, clustered on chromosome 3R, are highly enriched in the legs ofAn. gambiaemosquitoes, consistent with a proposed role for this ABC subfamily in transport of lipids to the outer surface of the cuticle. Finally, antibodies raised against one of the most highly expressed ABC transporters in adult females, ABCG7 (AGAP009850), localized this transporter to the pericardial cells. These data will help prioritize members of this gene family for further localization and functional validation studies to identify thein vivofunction of these transporters in the mosquito and determine whether elevated expression of members of this family contribute to insecticide resistance.
Characteristics of adrenal incidentalomas in a New Zealand centre
Authors: Goh Ziwei , Phillips Ian , Hunt Penny J. , Soule Steven , Cawood Tom J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundManagement of adrenal incidentalomas (AI) is becoming more conservative, based on international data showing a low incidence of functional or malignant lesions. The clinical characteristics of AI in New Zealand are unknown. Therefore, whether the AI guidelines apply to the New Zealand population is also unknown.AimsTo investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with AI presenting to a tertiary‐care centre in New Zealand.MethodThis study prospectively evaluated consecutive patients aged 18 or older with AI, 1 cm or larger, diagnosed in Canterbury, New Zealand. A standardised nurse‐led dedicated AI clinic was used, including clinical assessment, hormonal evaluation and imaging.ResultsFrom January 2010 to April 2016, 306 patients were referred to the AI clinic, 228 met the inclusion criteria. Most of those excluded were not true AI, due to imaging performed for known or suspected non‐adrenal malignancy.The most common reason for imaging was abdominal pain (46%). Most cases were benign (96.5%) and 88.6% of all cases were non‐functional. Of the functioning tumours (26 patients), 18 had subclinical Cushing syndrome, four had late‐onset congenital adrenal hyperplasia, two had phaeochromocytoma and one had primary hyperaldosteronism. Three patients had primary adrenal cancer, one of whom was secreting excess cortisol. One adrenal metastasis was diagnosed.ConclusionThis study found a similar prevalence of functional and malignant AI as international centres, although mild cortisol excess and primary aldosteronism may be under‐represented. Therefore, the conservative approach to management of AI recommended in current guidelines is likely to be applicable to New Zealand population.
Dealing with the spiralling price of medicines: issues and solutions
Authors: Ma Chun K. K. , Danta Mark , Day Richard , Ma David D. F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractEscalating cost of medicines is rapidly becoming a serious threat to patients and health systems. This trend has been documented to impact patient outcomes adversely. As clinicians and tax payers, it is our responsibility to be aware of the potential detrimental effects spiralling costs have on our patients, our community and our health system and to mitigate these effects by exposing this issue to our respective professional societies, representatives of the pharmaceutical companies that we interact with, government regulatory bodies and to patients who we are caring for. Only through understanding and constructive actions will we be able to provide the best quality of care to our patients and continue to enjoy universal healthcare in our country.
Defining a standard and weighted mathematical index for maturation of dendritic cells
Authors: Landi Abdolamir , Aligodarzi Mohammad Tayfeh , Khodadadi Ali , Babiuk Lorne A. , van Drunen Littel‐van den Hurk Sylvia 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe concept of dendritic cell (DC) maturation generally refers to the changes in morphology and function of DCs. Conventionally, DC maturity is based on three criteria: loss of endocytic ability, gain of high‐level capacity to present antigens and induce proliferation of T cells, and mobility of DCs toward high concentrations of CCL19. Impairment of DC maturation has been suggested as the main reason for infectivity or chronicity of several infectious agents. In the case of hepatitis C virus, this has been a matter of controversy for the last two decades. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the method of ex vivo maturation as the possible source of such controversies. We previously reported striking differences between DCs matured with different methods, so we propose the use of a standard quantitative index to determine the level of maturity in DCs as an approach to compare results from different studies. We designed and formulated a mathematically calculated index to numerically define the level of maturity based on experimental data from ex vivo assays. This introduces a standard maturation index (SMI) and weighted maturation index (WMI) based on strictly standardized mean differences between different methods of generating mature DCs. By calculating an SMI and a WMI, numerical values were assigned to the level of maturity achieved by DCs matured with different methods. SMI and WMI could be used as a standard tool to compare diversely generated mature DCs and so better interpret outcomes of ex vivo and in vivo studies with mature DCs.
Grain boundary complexions in silicon carbide
Authors: Cancino‐Trejo Felix , Navarro‐Solis David J. , López‐Honorato Eddie , Rabone Jeremy , Walker Ross C. , Salomon Romelia 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the diffusion and release of fission products in nuclear fuels is of great relevance for ensuring high levels of safety of these materials. The origin of the diffusion of silver in TRISO (Tristructural Isotropic) coated fuel particles has remained an open challenge in the study of this type of fuel despite 40 years of development. In this work, we propose that the existence of grain boundary complexions and complexion transitions might be responsible for the complex diffusion behavior observed with silver. We have identified three types of the Dillon‐Harmer complexions in SiC (clean grain boundary, a disordered layer with a ~0.6 nm of thickness, and an intergranular amorphous film) through ultra‐high resolution transmission electron microscopy.
Olmesartan‐based monotherapy vs combination therapy in hypertension: A meta‐analysis based on age and chronic kidney disease status
Authors: Deedwania Prakash , Weber Michael , Reimitz Paul‐Egbert , Bakris George 
Published: October 2017

Antihypertensive monotherapy is often insufficient to control blood pressure (BP). Several recent guidelines advocate for initial combination drug therapy in many patients. This meta‐analysis of seven randomized, double‐blind studies (N = 5888) evaluated 8 weeks of olmesartan medoxomil (OM)–based single‐pill dual‐combination therapy (OM+amlodipine/azelnidipine or hydrochlorothiazide) vs OM monotherapy in adults with hypertension. BP‐lowering efficacy, goal achievement, and adverse events were assessed in the full cohort and subgroups (elderly/nonelderly and patients with and without chronic kidney disease). In the full cohort at week 8, for dual therapy vs monotherapy, seated BP was lower (137.5/86.1 mm Hg vs 144.4/89.9 mm Hg), and the mean change from baseline in BP and BP goal achievement (<140/90 mm Hg) were greater (−22.7/−15.0 mm Hg vs −16.0/−11.3 mm Hg and 51.2% vs 34.7%, respectively). Adverse events were similar between groups. BP‐lowering efficacy among subgroups mirrored the findings in the full cohort whereby changes were significantly greater following OM dual‐combination therapy vs OM monotherapy.
Arterial stiffness, sex, and age difference on hypertensive response to supine bicycle exercise
Authors: Chung Hyemoon , Kim Jong‐Youn , Lee Byoung Kwon , Min Pil‐Ki , Yoon Young Won , Hong Bum‐Kee , Rim Se‐Joong , Kwon Hyuck Moon , Choi Eui‐Young 
Published: October 2017

Contributors to a hypertensive response to exercise (HTR) according to sex and age have not been fully evaluated. The authors analyzed a database of supine bicycle exercise stress echocardiography findings. HTR was defined as peak systolic blood pressure ≥210 mmHg for men and ≥190 mmHg for women during exercise. A total of 797 patients (306 [38%] women) were analyzed, with a mean age of 64 ± 10 years. Female sex, hypertension; higher left ventricular ejection fraction, effective arterial elastance, and pulse wave velocity; and lower total arterial compliance were significantly related to HTR. Patients with HTR had higher relative wall thickness, ratio of early diastolic mitral inflow and annular velocity, and diastolic elastance (all P ≤ .05). In multivariable analysis, indices of arterial stiffness such as pulse wave velocity, arterial elastance, total arterial compliance, and systemic vascular resistance were more strongly related in women, while in men, index of sympathetic activation was additionally related to HTR (all P ≤ .05). Female sex and lower total arterial compliance in older patients (≥65 years) and higher systemic vascular resistance and left ventricular relative wall thickness in younger patients were more strongly related to HTR. In conclusion, HTR was related to arterial stiffness, sympathetic activation, and diastolic dysfunction; however, the associations were different according to sex and age, which might guide individualized therapy.
Efficacy of biopesticides on spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura in fall red raspberries
Authors: Fanning P. D. , Grieshop M. J. , Isaacs R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDrosophila suzukii Matsumura is a significant pest of soft‐skinned fruit. Larvae of D. suzukii develop within the fruit making it unmarketable as fresh berries and increasing the risk of rejection by processors. We evaluated selected biopesticides for control of D. suzukii in fall red raspberries, Rubus idaeus L. The trial results highlight a small number of biopesticides with the potential to reduce infestation of Drosophila larvae in raspberries. In addition to the standard biopesticide spinosad, we found that sabadilla alkaloids and Chromobacterium subtsugae both reduced the number of Drosophila larvae in raspberry fruit. Treatments that included corn syrup as a feeding stimulant showed no significant difference in their infestation levels compared to treatments without the syrup. In the final week of the 5‐week trial, treatments with rotations of either spinosad/C. subtsugae or spinosad/sabadilla alkaloids had a 67% and 57% reduction in infestation when compared to untreated raspberries. Treatments of spinosad alone on a 7 day rotation and C. subtsugae alone on a 3–5 day rotation both had a 62% and 61% reduction in larval infestation when compared to untreated raspberries. Third instar larvae, the largest and most damaging, were significantly reduced in plots treated with spinosad only, a rotation of spinosad/sabadilla alkaloids and the rotation of spinosad/C. subtsugae with corn syrup added when compared to untreated plots. This suggests that either of these biopesticides could be used as effective rotation partners along with spinosad for control of D. suzukii. Our results highlight that biopesticides can provide significant reduction in this devastating pest when used alone or in combination, providing options to support resistance management.
Environmentally sustainable pest control options forDrosophila suzukii
Authors: Schetelig M. F. , Lee K.‐Z. , Otto S. , Talmann L. , Stökl J. , Degenkolb T. , Vilcinskas A. , Halitschke R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe spotted‐wing drosophila or cherry vinegar fly (Drosophila suzukii) is native to Asia but has invaded other continents since 2008 and has spread throughout Europe. The females have a serrated ovipositor allowing them to penetrate the skins of intact ripening fruits to deposit their eggs, and the developing larvae rapidly destroy the fruits close to harvest.Drosophila suzukiihas a rapid life cycle and the larvae develop well beneath the fruit surface. This means that the use of pesticides is problematic and often not effective, first due to their restricted use close to harvest to protect consumers, and second because the larvae are deep enough inside the fruit to avoid contact. There are currently no effective and environmentally sustainable pest control methods for this species, resulting in extensive damage to fruit crops. Here, we review the current status ofD. suzukiias a fruit crop pest and discuss the feasibility of current pesticide‐free control methods. We also consider the potential of new technologies as a basis for the urgently needed specific and long‐term control of this species.
Implementing routine outcome monitoring in public mental health services in Israel: Shared and unique challenges
Authors: Tzur Bitan Dana , Ganor Ori , Biran Lior , Bloch Yuval 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of routine outcome monitoring (ROM) in a public mental health centre in Israel. This is the first initiation of ROM implementation in a setting of a large psychiatric hospital, affiliated with the largest health maintenance organization in Israel, Clalit Health Services.MethodsFour ambulatory units were invited to participate in the implementation of ROM. Prior to initiation of recruitment, staff meetings were held and broad descriptions of current knowledge regarding benefits and challenges were discussed. Upon initiation of recruitment, patients completed outcome and process questionnaires during each session, and reports of patients' progress were sent to therapists soon after sessions ended.ResultsOne hundred sixty‐three patients were invited to participate in measurement and feedback of therapy outcomes. Overall, 101 patients and 32 therapists agreed and actively participated in the implementation phase of ROM, producing 535 evaluated measurements and reports. Clinical, methodological, legal, administrative, and ethical aspects of the implementation were encountered and documented throughout the implementation process.ConclusionsMedical confidentiality issues, as well as the multidisciplinary nature of hospital staff work, serve as central and unique challenges for incorporating ROM in a public psychiatric hospital. Other challenges that were previously reported in other implementation studies were also encountered and included therapist overload and objections, attrition, and the need for organizational support. Recommendations for future pioneering efforts for ROM implementation in large psychiatric facilities are discussed.
Establishment of a cell line from the kidney of black carp and its susceptibility to spring viremia of carp virus
Authors: Xue T , Wang Y Z , Pan Q H , Wang Q , Yuan J F , Chen T S 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn this study, we established and characterized a cell line derived from the kidney of black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus), which is an important freshwater aquaculture species. The cell line was designated as MPK and subcultured for more than 70 passages in DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) at 28°C. MPK had a modal diploid chromosome number of 48. Moreover, a transient MPK transfection efficiency was up to 18% using a green fluorescent protein plasmid by a modified electroporation. In addition, the MPK cells showed susceptibility to spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), as demonstrated by the presence of severe cytopathic effects (CPEs) and increased viral RNA. Unexpectedly, the MPK cells expressed pluripotency‐associated genes such as nanog, oct4 and vasa, indicating that these are possibly adult stem cells. Taken together, we have established a stable cell line from kidney that may potentially be utilized as an in vitro platform for genetic modifications and host–pathogen analysis in black carp.
Chronic inflammation predicts long‐term mortality in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon
Authors: Mueller M. , Gschwandtner M. E. , Gamper J. , Giurgea G.‐A. , Kiener H. P. , Perkmann T. , Koppensteiner R. , Schlager O. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackgroundSubclinical chronic inflammation could be the driving force behind the recently revealed association between abnormal nailfold capillaries as well as autoantibodies and long‐term mortality in patients with incipient Raynaud's phenomenon. Whether laboratory markers that reflect a chronic inflammatory process are directly related to mortality in Raynaud's phenomenon is not known.MethodsIn total, 2958 patients with incipient Raynaud's phenomenon without previously known connective tissue disease (CTD) were enrolled. At their initial presentation, laboratory tests for C‐reactive protein (CRP), leucocytes, fibrinogen and the haemoglobin concentration were obtained. In addition, nailfold capillaries and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were assessed. Patients’ mortality was recorded through a median follow‐up period of 9.3 years.ResultsBaseline CRP, fibrinogen and haemoglobin concentration were associated with long‐term mortality in an individual analysis of patients with incipient Raynaud′s phenomenon. In a multivariable model including patients’ age, nailfold capillaries and ANA, a low haemoglobin concentration remained independently related to future mortality. Amongst potential predictors for mortality in patients with Raynaud's phenomenon, a low haemoglobin concentration was most strongly related to patients’ mortality risk.ConclusionIn Raynaud's phenomenon, laboratory markers that can be attributed to a chronic inflammatory state independently yield prognostic information in addition to the presence of abnormal nailfold capillaries and ANA. Amongst all prognostic markers, the haemoglobin concentration is most strongly related to patients’ mortality in Raynaud's phenomenon.
In ovo feeding of carbohydrates for broilers—a systematic review
Authors: Retes P. L. , Clemente A. H. S. , Neves D. G. , Espósito M. , Makiyama L. , Alvarenga R. R. , Pereira L. J. , Zangeronimo M. G. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate the evidence that the injection of carbohydrate‐based solutions into embryonated eggs improves broiler performance. A literature search was conducted in April 2017 using the keywords broiler, carbohydrate, in ovo, nutrition and poultry. Only papers that involved in ovo carbohydrate injections in poultry were used in this study. After specific selection criteria, 17 papers were selected. The quality scoring system of the selected studies was based on the injection methodology, use of control groups, type of solution injected, period of injection, egg and hens characteristics, number of variables analysed and the statistical design. Among papers, there was no standardised procedure in to inoculate the solutions. Nevertheless, in general, in ovo feeding of carbohydrates decreases the hatch rate, improves the hatch weight, but it does not seem to influence the post‐hatch performance of broilers. The inoculation of 75 mg of glucose in the albumen seems to bring better results. Further studies are needed to improve the technical methodology of in ovo injections for commercial use.
Phylogeny and maternal donor of Roegneria and its affinitive genera (Poaceae: Triticeae) based on sequence data for two chloroplast DNA regions (ndhF and trnH–psbA)
Authors: Lei Ying‐Xia , Liu Jia , Fan Xing , Sha Li‐Na , Wang Yi , Kang Hou‐Yang , Zhou Yong‐Hong , Zhang Hai‐Qin 
Published: October 2017

AbstractRoegneria C. Koch is a relatively large polyploid perennial genus with 130 species in the Triticeae, and consisting of the St and Y genomes. There are different opinions about whether Roegneria is an independent genus, or whether it should be included in the genus Elymus L. For many species of Roegneria, their genome constitution and phylogenetic relationship are still unknown. More research about the maternal genome donor of the Roegneria species is needed. To investigate the phylogenetic relationships and maternal genome donor of Roegneria and its affinitive genera, phylogenetic analyses of two chloroplast regions ndhF and trnH–psbA sequences were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (i) Campeiostachys Drobow (StYH) and all Roegneria (StY, StStY) species were scattered with Pseudoroegneria Á. Löve (St) species; (ii) R. sinica Keng, R. schugnanica (Nevski) Nevski, R. seriotina Keng, and Elymus calcicolus (Keng) Á. Löve containing the St genome; (iii) there was differentiation among species of Pseudoroegneria; and (iv) the St genome in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species are divergent. Thus, it is suggested that: (i) Pseudoroegneria served as the maternal genome donor of Roegneria, including four species with unknown genomic constitutions (R. sinica, R. schugnanica, R. seriotina, and E. calcicolus); (ii) species of Roegneria or Pseudoroegneria might serve as the maternal genome donor of Campeiostachys; and (iii) the St genome has undergone differentiation during polyploidization in diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid species.