bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using SmartQuit®, an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Smartphone application, to reduce smoking intake
Authors: Singh Satvir , Starkey Nicola J , Sargisson Rebecca J 
Published: September 2017

Objective SmartQuit® is a smartphone application (app) for smoking cessation based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy, a behavioural therapy that encourages individuals to accept internal experiences, such as cravings to smoke, without acting on those experiences or urges. We used a single-subject (A-B-A) design with 10 participants to examine whether SmartQuit® use would reduce cigarette intake in a New Zealand sample. Methods 10 smokers tallied their own cravings experienced and cigarettes smoked then sent those tallies to the first author every day until we observed stable patterns (Phase A1). We then gave the participants individual access to the SmartQuit® app (Phase B). When they advised that they had ceased using the app, they again recorded daily cravings and cigarettes smoked for a minimum of three days (Phase A2). We also collected follow-up smoking and craving data at 1, 2 and up to 13 months after completion of Phase A2. Results Using SmartQuit® reduced our participants’ daily cigarette intake significantly in the short-term and three individuals remained smoke-free up to 13 months later. Cravings to smoke did not differ significantly across Phases A1, B and A2, but graphical analysis showed a trend for decreasing cravings. Conclusion Our results suggest that SmartQuit® provides another readily accessible intervention to help people stop smoking and is suited for use with a New Zealand population.
Paradigm shift in head and neck oncology patient management
Authors: van Linden van den Heuvell Chiquit , van Zuuren Florence , Wells Mary , van der Laan Geert , Reintsema Harry 
Published: September 2017

Objective This article describes a paradigm shift in what is considered to be good care for patients living with and after (head and neck) cancer. HNO patients often experience severe and difficult physical and psychosocial problems due to the nature and location of the disease. Many disciplines are involved in their treatment, so their voice is only one amongst many others in the decision making process. For this patient group it seems complicated to put the concept of Shared Decision Making into practice. As a step in this direction, patient reported outcomes which ask patients to select the disconcerting issues and symptoms can be used as a basis for referral, supportive care and treatment decision making. We need to provide more tailored and personalized information that is specific to individual circumstances, preferences and concerns and focuses more on the impact of treatment and access to help and support. Follow up of these patients should be concentrated on both medical and emotional aspects. Practice implications A shift in the way caregivers provide their information contributes to a more profound involvement of patients in treatment decisions.
Stigma and self-esteem across societies: avoiding blanket psychological responses to gay men experiencing homophobia
Authors: Zervoulis Karyofyllis , Lyons Evanthia , Dinos Sokratis 
Published: September 2017

Aims and methodThe relationship between homophobia (varying from actual and perceived to internalised) and measures of well-being is well documented. A study in Athens, Greece and London, UK attempted to examine this relationship in two cities with potentially different levels of homophobia. One-hundred and eighty-eight men who have sex with men (MSM) living in London and 173 MSM living in Athens completed a survey investigating their views on their sexuality, perceptions of local homophobia and their identity evaluation in terms of global self-esteem.ResultsThe results confirmed a negative association between homophobia and self-esteem within each city sample. However, Athens MSM, despite perceiving significantly higher levels of local homophobia than London MSM, did not differ on most indicators of internalised homophobia and scored higher on global self-esteem than London MSM. The city context had a significant impact on the relationship.Clinical implicationsThe findings are discussed in relation to the implications they pose for mental health professionals dealing with MSM from communities experiencing variable societal stigmatisation and its effect on a positive sense of self.
Training in quality improvement for the next generation of psychiatrists
Authors: Ewins Elizabeth , Macpherson Rob , van der Linden Geoff , Arnott Stephen 
Published: September 2017

SummaryQuality improvement (QI) projects have been shown to positively influence patient care. They provide opportunities for trainees to present and publish their work locally and nationally, and to gain valuable leadership and management experience. We describe a pilot project to engage in QI trainees across a National Health Service trust and a school of psychiatry. After the first year of this programme over half of psychiatry trainees in the school (58% of core trainees and 47% of advanced trainees) are participating in 28 individual QI projects and QI project methodology is to become embedded in the core psychiatry training course. Specialty doctors, consultants, foundation doctors, general practitioner trainees, medical students and the wider multidisciplinary team have all become engaged alongside trainees, working with patients and their families to identify problems to tackle and ideas to test.
Has Province-Wide Symptom Screening Changed Opioid Prescribing Rates in Older Patients With Cancer?
Authors: Barbera Lisa , Sutradhar Rinku , Chu Anna , Seow Hsien , Earle Craig C. , O’Brien Mary Ann , Dudgeon Deborah , DeAngelis Carlo , Atzema Clare , Husain Amna , Liu Ying , Howell Doris 
Published: September 2017

Purpose: Previous work in Ontario demonstrated that 33% of patients with cancer with severe pain did not receive opioids at the time of their pain assessment. With efforts to increase symptom screening and management since then, the objective of this study was to examine temporal trends in opioid prescribing. Methods: The cohort was comprised of Ontario residents ≥ 65 years of age with a cancer history who were eligible for the government pharmacare program and had a pain assessment using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System. Use of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System is part of a provincial initiative to screen ambulatory patients with cancer for symptoms. Annually between 2007 and 2013, we used the date of an individual’s highest pain score as the index date to calculate annual opioid prescription rates for claims within 30 days before and up to 7 days after the index date. A logistic regression model evaluated the association between index year and odds of receiving an opioid prescription. Results: During the study period, the number of individuals undergoing symptom assessment annually increased more than eight-fold. Opioid prescription rates were directly related to pain scores, but there was an annual 5% relative decrease in the odds of receiving an opioid prescription during the era from 2009 to 2013. Conclusion: We are doing better at screening for pain, but this has not led to an increase in analgesic intervention for those identified. Additional work is required to determine what opioid prescribing rate is optimal to ensure we are not missing opportunities to improve patient comfort.
DNA-dependent protein kinase plays a central role in transformation of breast epithelial cells following alkylation damage
Authors: Anandi Libi , Chakravarty Vaishali , Ashiq K. A. , Bodakuntla Satish , Lahiri Mayurika 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT
DNA alkylating agents form the first line of cancer chemotherapy. They not only kill cells but also behave as potential carcinogens. MNU, a DNA methylating agent, is well known to induce mammary tumours in rodents. However, the mechanism of tumorigenesis is not well understood. Our study reports a novel role played by DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) in methylation damage-induced transformation using three-dimensional breast acinar cultures. Here, we report that exposure of breast epithelial cells to MNU inhibited polarisation at the basolateral domain, increased dispersal of the Golgi at the apical domain and induced an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like phenotype as well as invasion. This altered Golgi phenotype correlated with impaired intracellular trafficking. Inhibition of DNA-PK resulted in almost complete reversal of the altered Golgi phenotype and partial rescue of the polarity defect and EMT-like phenotype. The results confirm that methylation damage-induced activation of DNA-PK is a major mechanism in mediating cellular transformation.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
DIN 67700 – Eine Norm für den Bau von Bibliotheken und Archiven in Deutschland
Authors: Giebenhain Sabine , Glauert Mario , Rabe Roman 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Mit der DIN 67700 „Bau von Bibliotheken und Archiven – Anforderungen und Empfehlungen für die Planung“, die den bisherigen DIN-Fachbericht 13 ersetzt, liegt seit Mai 2017 erstmals eine Norm für den Bau von Bibliotheken und Archiven in Deutschland vor. Der Beitrag beschreibt anhand ausgewählter Regelungen den Ansatz und den Aufbau der Norm, welcher sieben bibliotheks- und archivspezifische Funktionsbereiche zugrunde liegen. Er erläutert die Verknüpfung mit anderen Normen und gibt Hinweise für die praktische Anwendung der Norm im Planungsprozess.
Gutenberg Biographics: Eine biographische Online-Datenbank zur Mainzer Universitätsgeschichte
Authors: Eckert Karin , George Christian , Hüther Frank 
Published: September 2017

Zusammenfassung
Mit „Gutenberg Biographics“ steht seit 2016 eine Datenbank mit Biographien Mainzer Gelehrter online zur Verfügung. In der ersten Ausbaustufe werden alle Professorinnen und Professoren der Jahre 1946 bis 1973 erfasst. Die Erweiterung um die Professoren der alten Mainzer Universität sowie die fortschreitende Ergänzung bis in die Gegenwart ist mittelfristig geplant. Durch die Verwendung von Normdaten wird Gutenberg Biographics mit anderen Online-Ressourcen vernetzt. Weitere Möglichkeiten der Interoperabilität sind angelegt. Dadurch bietet der Katalog ein enormes Forschungspotenzial für die digitalen Geisteswissenschaften.
Recovering the ‘True Meaning’ of the Pre-Established Harmony: On a Neglected Key to Kant’s Theory of Intuition
Authors: Villinger Rahel 
Published: September 2017

Abstract:The paper discusses Kant’s enigmatic claim that his critical philosophy succeeds in articulating a philosophical insight at which Leibniz’s pre-established harmony was ‘truly’ aimed. Kant makes the claim in response to Salomon Maimon’s (mis)reading of his Transcendental Deduction of the Categories, which involves, in Kant’s words, the untenable assumption of a capacity of divine (intuitive) understanding in humans. The paper argues that Maimon’s misreading of Kant’s account of human intuition has found influential followers in contemporary Kant scholarship and that it is based on a failure to distinguish between what Kant calls “mere sensible appearances” and real phenomena of nature. While the former are entirely sensible singularities without unity, the latter are units composed of infinitely many sensible appearances, and their unity requires understanding. Kant thus appeals to a refurbished version of Leibniz’s pre-established harmony of mind and world, which takes the form of an immanent, indubitable, but ultimately inexplicable harmony of the faculties of sensibility and understanding. The paper includes a reconstruction of both the B-Deduction’s argument and the role of transcendental imagination in the proof.
Super Turbocharging the Direct Injection Diesel engine
Authors: Boretti Albert 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The steady operation of a turbocharged diesel direct injection (TDI) engine featuring a variable speed ratio mechanism linking the turbocharger shaft to the crankshaft is modelled in the present study. Key parameters of the variable speed ratio mechanism are range of speed ratios, efficiency and inertia, in addition to the ability to control relative speed and flow of power. The device receives energy from, or delivers energy to, the crankshaft or the turbocharger. In addition to the pistons of the internal combustion engine (ICE), also the turbocharger thus contributes to the total mechanical power output of the engine. The energy supply from the crankshaft is mostly needed during sharp accelerations to avoid turbo-lag, and to boost torque at low speeds. At low speeds, the maximum torque is drastically improved, radically expanding the load range. Additionally, moving closer to the points of operation of a balanced turbocharger, it is also possible to improve both the efficiency η, defined as the ratio of the piston crankshaft power to the fuel flow power, and the total efficiency η*, defined as the ratio of piston crankshaft power augmented of the power from the turbocharger shaft to the fuel flow power, even if of a minimal extent. The energy supply to the crankshaft is possible mostly at high speeds and high loads, where otherwise the turbine could have been waste gated, and during decelerations. The use of the energy at the turbine otherwise waste gated translates in improvements of the total fuel conversion efficiency η* more than the efficiency η. Much smaller improvements are obtained for the maximum torque, yet again moving closer to the points of operation of a balanced turbocharger. Adopting a much larger turbocharger (target displacement x speed 30% larger than a conventional turbocharger), better torque outputs and fuel conversion efficiencies η* and η are possible at every speed vs. the engine with a smaller, balanced turbocharger. This result motivates further studies of the mechanism that may considerably benefit traditional powertrains based on diesel engines.
Crystal packing and crystallization tendency from the melt of 2-((2-ethylphenyl)amino)nicotinic acid
Authors: Kalra Arjun , Zhang Mingtao , Parkin Sean , Li Tonglei 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
2-((2-ethylphenyl)amino)nicotinic acid (2EPNA) was synthesized and its crystal structure was determined. It was observed that alkylation of the phenyl ring with ethyl group disrupts the planar conformation of the molecule by steric repulsion, resulting in formation of an acid-pyridine heterosynthon (instead of acid-acid homosynthon) in the crystal. Crystallization tendency from the melt state of the polymorph was studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). It was revealed that this compound could form a very stable amorphous phase on melt quenching and not crystallize even on re-heating. The formation of acid-pyridine hydrogen bonding in the amorphous state is believed to be responsible for its good glass forming ability.
Site-Specific Regulation of P2X7 Receptor Function in Microglia Gates Morphine Analgesic Tolerance
Authors: Leduc-Pessah Heather , Weilinger Nicholas L. , Fan Churmy Y. , Burma Nicole E. , Thompson Roger J. , Trang Tuan 
Published: September 2017

Tolerance to the analgesic effects of opioids is a major problem in chronic pain management. Microglia are implicated in opioid tolerance, but the core mechanisms regulating their response to opioids remain obscure. By selectively ablating microglia in the spinal cord using a saporin-conjugated antibody to Mac1, we demonstrate a causal role for microglia in the development, but not maintenance, of morphine tolerance in male rats. Increased P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) activity is a cardinal feature of microglial activation, and in this study we found that morphine potentiates P2X7R-mediated Ca2+responses in resident spinal microglia acutely isolated from morphine tolerant rats. The increased P2X7R function was blocked in cultured microglia by PP2, a Src family protein tyrosine kinase inhibitor. We identified Src family kinase activation mediated by μ-receptors as a key mechanistic step required for morphine potentiation of P2X7R function. Furthermore, we show by site-directed mutagenesis that tyrosine (Y382–384) within the P2X7R C-terminus is differentially modulated by repeated morphine treatment and has no bearing on normal P2X7R function. Intrathecal administration of a palmitoylated peptide corresponding to the Y382–384site suppressed morphine-induced microglial reactivity and preserved the antinociceptive effects of morphine in male rats. Thus, site-specific regulation of P2X7R function mediated by Y382–384is a novel cellular determinant of the microglial response to morphine that critically underlies the development of morphine analgesic tolerance.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTControlling pain is one of the most difficult challenges in medicine and its management is a requirement of a large diversity of illnesses. Although morphine and other opioids offer dramatic and impressive relief of pain, their impact is truncated by loss of efficacy (analgesic tolerance). Understanding why this occurs and how to prevent it are of critical importance in improving pain therapies. We uncovered a novel site (Y382–384) within the P2X7 receptor that can be targeted to blunt the development of morphine analgesic tolerance, without affecting normal P2X7 receptor function. Our findings provide a critical missing mechanistic piece, site-specific modulation by Y382–384, that unifies P2X7R function to the activation of spinal microglia and the development of morphine tolerance.
Inhibition of IL-1β Signaling Normalizes NMDA-Dependent Neurotransmission and Reduces Seizure Susceptibility in a Mouse Model of Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease
Authors: Bertani Ilaria , Iori Valentina , Trusel Massimo , Maroso Mattia , Foray Claudia , Mantovani Susanna , Tonini Raffaella , Vezzani Annamaria , Chiesa Roberto 
Published: September 2017

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by prion protein (PrP) misfolding, clinically recognized by cognitive and motor deficits, electroencephalographic abnormalities, and seizures. Its neurophysiological bases are not known. To assess the potential involvement of NMDA receptor (NMDAR) dysfunction, we analyzed NMDA-dependent synaptic plasticity in hippocampal slices from Tg(CJD) mice, which model a genetic form of CJD. Because PrP depletion may result in functional upregulation of NMDARs, we also analyzed PrP knock-out (KO) mice. Long-term potentiation (LTP) at the Schaffer collateral–commissural synapses in the CA1 area of ∼100-d-old Tg(CJD) mice was comparable to that of wild-type (WT) controls, but there was an inversion of metaplasticity, with increased GluN2B phosphorylation, which is indicative of enhanced NMDAR activation. Similar but less marked changes were seen in PrP KO mice. At ∼300 d of age, the magnitude of LTP increased in Tg(CJD) mice but decreased in PrP KO mice, indicating divergent changes in hippocampal synaptic responsiveness. Tg(CJD) but not PrP KO mice were intrinsically more susceptible than WT controls to focal hippocampal seizures induced by kainic acid. IL-1β-positive astrocytes increased in the Tg(CJD) hippocampus, and blocking IL-1 receptor signaling restored normal synaptic responses and reduced seizure susceptibility. These results indicate that alterations in NMDA-dependent glutamatergic transmission in Tg(CJD) mice do not depend solely on PrP functional loss. Moreover, astrocytic IL-1β plays a role in the enhanced synaptic responsiveness and seizure susceptibility, suggesting that targeting IL-1β signaling may offer a novel symptomatic treatment for CJD.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDementia and myoclonic jerks develop in individuals with Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD), an incurable brain disorder caused by alterations in prion protein structure. These individuals are prone to seizures and have high brain levels of the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. Here we show that blocking IL-1β receptors with anakinra, the human recombinant form of the endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist used to treat rheumatoid arthritis, normalizes hippocampal neurotransmission and reduces seizure susceptibility in a CJD mouse model. These results link neuroinflammation to defective neurotransmission and the enhanced susceptibility to seizures in CJD and raise the possibility that targeting IL-1β with clinically available drugs may be beneficial for symptomatic treatment of the disease.
FORMINg a link between PTSD and AD
Authors: Gräff Johannes 
Published: September 2017

Epidemiological evidence suggests that people suffering from post‐traumatic stress disorder have a higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease. The underlying mechanisms, however, remained thus far unexplored. In this issue of The EMBO Journal, Agís‐Balboa et al () show that the actin‐associated protein Formin 2 is reduced in both conditions and that its downregulation in mice accelerates Alzheimer‐related pathophysiology via aberrant epigenetic and transcriptional changes. Treating mice with a histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) delayed Alzheimer‐related pathologies, lending experimental support to ongoing clinical trials with HDACis against traumatic memories and Alzheimer's disease.
Reflection of Identity through the Use of Bintil Language in Gaya Lentera Muda Community Lampung
Authors: Oktora Imelda , Kartika Tina 
Published: September 2017

Effeminate language reflects effeminate characters and creativity of Gaya Lentera community. Therefore, the effeminate language represents the creative forms of language slang words are fascinating, brief, and simply-recalled. This research found the difference among Gay, Effeminate Men, and LSL [men sex with men] is only at their intonation when they are stating the language. Because through the intonation, they give their intention. There are 42 words examples which are usually used in the community, like: Eke Senandung sama Kanua, Apa kabose, Banjaran, Benyong, Bodrek, Barbie, Pepsi/Kencana wungu, Centong, Capcus, Dese, Duta, Endul/Endang, Gedung, Gilda/Gilingan, Hitachi/Puput melati, Greton/Gretongan, Inang, Eim/Ember/Um, Jalinan kasih, Jengong, Lagi apose, Lapangan bola, and Tandus. Bintil language among Gay, Transgender and LSL is commonly used in everyday life.
Jihad Against Drug Mafias: A Case Study of Community Collective Movement in Aceh
Authors: Nirzalin Nirzalin , Nazaruddin M 
Published: September 2017

Collective movement for drug eradication organized by the community was proved to be more effective in stopping drug trafficking than to the security approaches organized by the state apparatus (government). Based on the case study of community’s collective movement in the village of Ujoeng Pacu Lhokseumawe, this artilce is intended to show the complex phenomena of genealogy and the dynamics of the collective movement of the community in fighting the drug mafias. Using the Perspective of Tilly Collective Movement and the Method of Phenomenolgy, the study found that jihad collective movement on the drug eradication caried out by the community of Ujong Pacu was motivated by the rigging relationship among theological unrest, social and economical security, and concerns about the future generations. The consideration of the drug as the only trigger of any immoral (ma maksiet) activities towards Allah Almighty has made the flow of this movement not only significant to the social movement but also to theological movement (jihad). Due to its interpretation as a religious movement, the moral of the drug eradication movement was not deterred despite the various threats and the terror bombing as an act of counter-attack from the drug mafias occured repeatedly in the Ujoeng Pacu’s community.