bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detection of DT‐diaphorase Enzyme with a ParaCEST MRI Contrast Agent
Authors: Daryaei Iman , Jones Kyle M. , Pagel Mark D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA responsive magnetic resonance (MRI) contrast agent has been developed that can detect the enzyme activity of DT‐diaphorase. The agent produced different chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI signals before and after incubation with the enzyme, NADH, and GSH at different pH values whereas it showed good stability in a reducing environment without enzyme.
Hierarchical Octahedral Na2MnFe(CN)6 and Na2MnFe(CN)6@Ppy as Cathode Materials for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Fangdong , Li Lin , Jiang Xiaolei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe Na2MnFe(CN)6 is successfully synthesized by a simple co‐precipitation method, and then coated with conducting polymers (PPy) on the surface of Na2MnFe(CN)6 particle. Interestingly, Na2MnFe(CN)6 and Na2MnFe(CN)6@PPy both show hollow octahedral hierarchical structures with nanometer‐sized subunits. Na2MnFe(CN)6@PPy exhibits a discharge capacity of 107 mAh•g−1 after 150 cycles at a current density of 10 mA•g−1. It can still remain 65 mAh•g−1 even the current density is increased to 200 mA•g−1. This superior electrochemical property could be ascribed to unique hierarchical architecture as well as improved electronic conductivity.
Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Alkenyl and Alkynyl Substrates
Authors: Zou Bo , Hu Changwen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAs an extensively used chemical product, cyclic carbonate was generally synthesized by transesterification, or the cycloaddition of epoxides, diols with CO2. To reduce the production costs and expand the raw materials, alkenyl and alkynyl substrates have caused much attention in the synthesis of cyclic carbonates, such as olefins, allyl alcohols and propargylic alcohols. Based on the alkenyl substrate, the synthetic process involves a continuous reaction of oxidative carboxylation, with epoxide or halohydrin as an intermediate usually. Therefore, peroxides and nucleophiles (halogens or organic bases) are often necessary in the conversion. Using propargylic alcohols to produce α‐alkylidene cyclic carbonates, noble metal catalysts play crucial roles in alkynyl activation, and organic bases are considered to assist the intramolecular and intermolecular proton transfer and combine CO2 molecular. As the carboxyl sources in products, inorganic carbonates and organic carboxylic acids also have some applications instead of CO2. In this review, we summarized the synthetic routes of cyclic carbonates from alkenyl and alkynyl substrates in the aspect of catalyst, mechanism and the development tendency.
Synthesis and Fungicidal Activity of (E)‐5‐[1‐(2‐Oxo‐1‐oxaspiro[4,5]dec/non‐3‐en‐3‐yl)ethylidene]‐2‐aminoimidazolin‐4‐one Derivatives
Authors: Tang Bo , Guan Aiying , Zhao Yu , Jiang Jiazhen , Wang Mingan , Zhou Ligang 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe novel fungicidal agents, (E)‐5‐[1‐(2‐oxo‐1‐oxaspiro[4,5]dec/non‐3‐en‐3‐yl)ethylidene]‐2‐aminoimidazolin‐ 4‐one derivatives, were designed and synthesized in moderate to excellent yields in four steps using α‐hydroxyketone and diketene as raw materials and characterized by HR‐ESI‐MS, 1H NMR and X‐ray diffraction. The preliminary bioassay showed that some of these compounds, such as 5e, 6a, 6e, and 7 h exhibit 87.8%, 91.3%, 89.9% and 87.8% inhibition rates against Sclerotinia scleotiorum, 3b, 3c, 4c and 7 h exhibit 96.4%, 92.5%, 90.3% and 76.9% inhibition rates against Phytophthora capsici at the concentration of 50 µg/mL, respectively. These compounds exhibited significant fungicidal activities against S. scleotiorum and P. capsici with EC50 values of 2.56–11.60 µg/mL, and compounds 6e and 7 h exhibited weak inhibition against the spore germination of S. scleotiorum, while the spore germination of P. capsici was strongly inhibited by compound 7 h solution. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation indicated that compound 7 h had a significant impact on the structure and function of the hyphal cell wall of P. capsici mycelium.
Electronic Properties of Optically Switchable Photochromic Diarylethene Molecules at the Interface with Organic Semiconductors
Authors: Wang Qiankun , Frisch Johannes , Herder Martin , Hecht Stefan , Koch Norbert 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe front cover artwork is provided by the groups of Prof. N. Koch and Prof. S. Hecht. The image shows an artist′s view of a photochromic diarylethene molecule on a gold surface. The molecule undergoes a photoisomerization process upon irradiation with light. Ring‐opening and ring‐closure reactions proceed reversibly and modify the energy levels available for interfacial charge and energy transfer. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/cphc.201601442.
CSR research in the apparel industry: A quantitative and qualitative review of existing literature
Authors: White Candace L. , Nielsen Anne Ellerup , Valentini Chiara 
Published: March 2017

AbstractA quantitative and qualitative analysis of the extant literature about corporate social responsibility in the apparel industry found that perspectives and research traditions are underdeveloped and fragmented. Articles (n = 73) were found in 41 different journals that spanned an array of disciplines with the majority of journals publishing fewer than three articles on the topic. Issues concerning ethical supply chains were the most prevalent; a primary concern is the supply chain issue of labor practices in developing countries. The study indicates that despite growing stakeholder pressure on the apparel businesses to adopt CSR and interact with stakeholders about CSR, there is a ‘discursive polyphony’ and consequent confusion among consumers, which could benefit from strategic communication management. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment
Robust microbial cell segmentation by optical‐phase thresholding with minimal processing requirements
Authors: Alanazi H. , Canul A. J. , Garman A. , Quimby J. , Vasdekis A. E. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigh‐throughput imaging with single‐cell resolution has enabled remarkable discoveries in cell physiology and Systems Biology investigations. A common, and often the most challenging step in all such imaging implementations, is the ability to segment multiple images to regions that correspond to individual cells. Here, a robust segmentation strategy for microbial cells using Quantitative Phase Imaging is reported. The proposed method enables a greater than 99% yeast cell segmentation success rate, without any computationally‐intensive, post‐acquisition processing. We also detail how the method can be expanded to bacterial cell segmentation with 98% success rates with substantially reduced processing requirements in comparison to existing methods. We attribute this improved performance to the remarkably uniform background, elimination of cell‐to‐cell and intracellular optical artifacts, and enhanced signal‐to‐background ratio—all innate properties of imaging in the optical‐phase domain. © 2017 The Authors. Cytometry Part A published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Advancement of Cytometry.
Analysis and performance evaluation of an efficient handover algorithm for cognitive HetNets
Authors: Habibzadeh A. , Shirvani Moghaddam S. , Razavizadeh S. M. , Shirvanimoghaddam M. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryCognitive heterogeneous network is a promising technology to meet the requirements of future wireless networks in cost and energy efficiency. By using vertical handover (VHO) between different network tiers, such as macro and femto, the traffic congestion can be potentially alleviated, and the spectral efficiency is significantly increased. However, performing VHO for a cognitive handover user (CHU) and simultaneously guaranteeing the quality of service of the primary user (PU) is the most challenging issue in such a network. This paper proposes an efficient VHO strategy in a cognitive heterogeneous network, which considers both adaptive average received signal and spectrum availability, namely, average received signal and spectrum availability. To analyse the performance of the proposed average received signal and spectrum availability algorithm, several metrics are investigated. First, the assignment probability of a CHU from a macro base station to a femto base station is evaluated and simplified in a closed‐form expression. Then, the outage probability of a CHU and collision probability of the PU are theoretically investigated for the proposed algorithm and are compared with 2 well‐known algorithms, the modified received signal strength–α and the received signal strength and wireless transmission loss. We also introduce a new performance metric, referred to as figure of merit, which jointly considers the assignment and outage probability of a CHU, collision probability of a PU, and the number of unnecessary handovers of a CHU. Figure of merit effectively shows the superiority of the proposed handover algorithm to conventional ones.
LVAP: Lightweight V2I authentication protocol using group communication in VANETs
Authors: Liu Yining , Guo Wei , Zhong Qi , Yao Gang 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe authentication protocol is vital for the security of the wireless sensor network to resist the known threats, such as eavesdropping, replay attack, man‐in‐the‐middle attack, etc. In this paper, a lightweight authentication protocol for vehicular ad hoc networks is proposed using the symmetric encryption, the group communication method, and the proactive authentication technique, which not only achieves the desired security goals but also guarantees the practical anonymity and the accountability. The analysis demonstrates that the proposed protocol works properly in the high‐density and the low‐density traffic environment.
The informational content of unconventional monetary policy on precious metal markets
Authors: Papadamou Stephanos , Sogiakas Vasilios 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the informational content of unconventional monetary policies and its effect on commodity markets, adopting a nonlinear approach for modeling volatility. The main question addressed is how the Bank of England, Bank of Japan, and European Central Bank's (ECB's) announcements concerning monetary easing affect two major commodities: gold and silver. Our empirical evidence based on daily and high‐frequency data suggests that relevant information causes ambiguous valuation adjustments as well as stabilization or destabilization effects. Specifically, there is strong evidence that the Japanese Central Bank strengthens the precious metal markets by increasing their returns and by causing stabilization effects, in contrast to the ECB, which has opposite results, mainly due to the heterogeneous expectations of investors within these markets. These asymmetries across central banks' effects on gold and silver risk–return profile imply that the ECB unconventional monetary easing informational content opposes its stated mission, adding uncertainty in precious metals markets.
Definition of a Geriatric Depression Scale cutoff based upon quality of life: a population‐based study
Authors: Laudisio Alice , Antonelli Incalzi Raffaele , Gemma Antonella , Marzetti Emanuele , Pozzi Gino , Padua Luca , Bernabei Roberto , Zuccalà Giuseppe 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesThe cutoff scores for the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) commonly adopted in clinical and research settings are based upon other neuropsychological tests. However, any intervention for depression should aim at improving subjective quality of life (QoL). We searched for a GDS cutoff level that might identify a decrease in perceived QoL using a scale that also allows formal cost‐effectiveness calculations.MethodsQuality of life was assessed by the Health Utilities Index, Mark 3 in all 344 residents of Tuscania (Italy) aged 75 years and above. Mood was assessed by both the 30‐item GDS and the derived 15‐item GDS. The association of GDS with low QoL was analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was adopted to estimate the overall predictive value and the best GDS cutoff for poor QoL.ResultsThe 30‐item GDS score was associated with increased probability of a worse QoL (odds ratio (OR) = 1.07, 95% confidence (CI) = 1.02–1.12, p = 0.003); also, it was a fair predictor of worse QoL (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.67–0.76). The best GDS score cutoff for identifying a poor QoL was above 9/30. Results were similar (OR = 1.07, 95% CI = 1.02–1.12, p = 0.003, and AUC = 0.72, 95% CI = 0.67–0.76) for the short GDS form for a cutoff above 5/15.ConclusionsAmong older subjects, depressive symptoms are associated with reduced QoL; GDS scores above 9/30 or 5/15 best predict poor perceived health‐related QoL. These cutoff scores could therefore identify subjects in whom treatment is more likely to improve QoL and to yield a favorable cost‐effectiveness ratio. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An interbasin comparison of tree‐ring reconstructed streamflow in the eastern United States
Authors: Maxwell R.S. , Harley G.L. , Maxwell J.T. , Rayback S.A. , Pederson N. , Cook E.R. , Barclay D.J. , Li W. , Rayburn J.A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractTree‐ring reconstructions of streamflow are uncommon in the eastern United States compared with the western United States. Although the east has not experienced severe drought on the scale of the west over the last 100 years, multiyear droughts have stressed the water management systems throughout the east. Here, we reconstruct mean May–September streamflow of three rivers serving population centers in the northeast (Beaver Kill River serving New York, NY), mid‐Atlantic (Potomac River serving Washington, DC), and southeast (Flint River serving Atlanta, GA) to demonstrate the efficacy of reconstructing streamflow in the eastern United States. Then, we conducted an interbasin comparison to identify periods of common variability and examined the influence of the North Atlantic subtropical high on reconstructed streamflow. Our models explained 40–61% of the variance in the instrumental record and passed verification tests in all basins during the period 1675–2000 CE. Droughts and pluvials showed some synchrony across all basins, but the mid‐Atlantic region acted as a hinge, sometimes behaving more like the northeast, and other times like the southeast. Climatic analyses suggest a relationship exists between the North Atlantic subtropical high and reconstructed streamflow that influences the probability of drought and pluvial events. Given the many factors influencing tree growth in closed‐canopy systems, we have shown that careful standardization of individual tree‐ring series, nested regression models, and the use of multiple species can produce robust proxies of streamflow across the eastern seaboard.
Trial of labor after cesarean delivery for pregnancies complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Ganer Herman Hadas , Kogan Zviya , Bar Jacob , Kovo Michal 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess rates of, and factors associated with, trial of labor and vaginal delivery among pregnancies complicated by both gestational diabetes (GDM) and a previous cesarean delivery.MethodsIn a retrospective study of singleton deliveries at a university hospital in Israel between 2009 and 2015, women with one previous cesarean delivery and GDM were matched to those without GDM by past cesarean delivery indication: non‐favorable (non‐progressive labor or failed induction) or favorable (all other indications). Computerized files were reviewed, and maternal, obstetric, and neonatal outcomes were compared.ResultsIn total, 109 women with GDM were matched to 109 control women. Trial of labor was attempted by 55 (50.5%) women in the control group and 11 (10.1%) in the GDM group (P<0.001). Overall, 42 (38.5%) control women and 5 (4.6%) women with GDM delivered vaginally (P<0.001). Multivariable logistic regression identified lack of GDM as the most significant factor associated with trial of vaginal delivery, followed by a prior vaginal delivery. Among women attempting a trial of labor, past vaginal delivery, but not GDM status, was associated with successful vaginal delivery.ConclusionGDM significantly diminished the likelihood of a trial of vaginal delivery after cesarean delivery and its subsequent success.
Meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials comparing 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone caproate and vaginal progesterone for the prevention of recurrent spontaneous preterm delivery
Authors: Oler Elizabeth , Eke Ahizechukwu C. , Hesson Ashley 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundVaginal progesterone and 17α‐hydroxyprogesterone (17α‐OHP) are both used to prevent preterm delivery in women who have experienced spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) previously. Randomized trial data of the comparative effectiveness of these interventions have been mixed.ObjectivesTo compare the efficacy of intramuscular 17α‐OHP and vaginal progesterone in the prevention of recurrent SPTD.Search strategyCochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, African Journals Online, Embase, Google Scholar, ISI Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed, and registers of ongoing trials were searched using keywords related to 17α‐OHP, vaginal progesterone, and preterm delivery.Selection criteriaRandomized controlled trials published between January 1, 1966, and November 30, 2016, comparing 17α‐OHP and vaginal progesterone for the prevention of recurrent SPTD during singleton pregnancies were included.Data collection and analysisStudy data were extracted and meta‐analyses were performed when outcomes were comparable.Main resultsThe meta‐analyses included data from three randomized trials. Lower rates of SPTD before 34 weeks (relative risk 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.53–0.95) and before 32 weeks (relative risk 0.62, 95% confidence interval 0.40–0.94) of pregnancy were observed among patients treated with vaginal progesterone.ConclusionsVaginal progesterone and 17α‐OHP were comparable for the prevention of recurrent SPTD in singleton pregnancies; vaginal progesterone could be superior.
Protection of CTGF Antibody Against Diabetic Nephropathy in Mice Via Reducing Glomerular β‐Catenin Expression and Podocyte Epithelial‐Mesenchymal Transition
Authors: Dai Hou‐Yong , Ma Li‐Na , Cao Yun , Chen Xiao‐Lan , Shi Hui , Fan Ya‐Ping , Yang Bin 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTDespite substantial progress in medical care, the morbidity rate of diabetic nephropathy (DN) remains high in patients with diabetes. Evidence suggests that connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) induced podocyte injury may contribute to DN and CTGF inhibition could reduce albuminuria. However, to date the mechanisms involved in the effect of CTGF on podocyte injury have not been fully understood. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of therapeutic CTGF antibody on glomerular β‐catenin expression and podocyte epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) in diabetic mice. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups as the following: the control, DN, and DN treated by CTGF antibody group. DN was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and then CTGF antibody was administrated three times per week for 8 weeks. Urinary albumin excretion, mesangial proliferation and matrix deposition, and β‐catenin expression in glomeruli at mRNA and protein level were all increased in DN mice compared to that in the control. Besides, the development of EMT in podocytes from diabetic mice, demonstrated by the downregulation of nephrin and upregulation of desmin in glomeruli, was detected. Furthermore, blocking CTGF by specific antibody reduced albuminuria, prevented the overexpression of CTGF, as well as β‐catenin, in glomeruli and subsequently ameliorated podocyte EMT in DN mice. In summary, this study suggested that CTGF antibody protected podocytes against injury in DN mice by reducing β‐catenin overexpression and preventing podocyte EMT, which might provide new insight into the mechanism of CTGF inhibition in the treatment of DN. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 3706–3712, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Spectral Doppler ultrasound for predicting long‐term response to topical timolol in children with infantile hemangioma
Authors: He Lili , Huang Guoying 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo assess the utility of color and spectral Doppler ultrasound at predicting infantile hemangioma (IH) response to timolol.MethodsEighty‐three children (0–6 months old) with IH were treated with topical 0.5% timolol maleate twice daily for 6 months. They underwent color and spectral Doppler sonographic examinations at the first visit and 1 month after beginning timolol. Hemangioma volume, arterial diameter (AD), venous diameter (VD), resistance index (RI), pulsatility index (PI), peak arterial systolic velocity (PASV), maximum venous velocity, and mean venous velocity were measured. Therapeutic outcome was assessed at 6 months.ResultsThe hemangiomas were classified as deep (55.4%), hybrid (28.9%), or superficial (15.7%) and were located in the head and neck (36.1%), limbs (21.7%), or torso (42.2%). Regression occurred in 53 patients (63.9%). Timolol was the most effective in patients aged 5–6 months, in superficial hemangiomas, and in hemangiomas located on the torso. Receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that changes in RI (sensitivity/specificity: 71.7%/96.7%), PI (sensitivity/specificity: 73.6%/86.7%), PASV (sensitivity/specificity: 81.1%/80.0%), change in arterial diameter (sensitivity/specificity: 58.5%/83.3%), and change in venous diameter (sensitivity/specificity: 62.3%/73.3%) at 1 month could predict response to timolol at 6 months.ConclusionsChanges in AD, VD, RI, PI, and PASV at 1 month could be used to predict response to timolol at 6 months. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:480–487, 2017
Convection regimes and tropical‐midlatitude interactions over the Intra‐American Seas from May to November
Authors: Vigaud N. , Robertson A.W. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTA cluster analysis is applied to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration daily outgoing longwave radiation anomaly fields over the Intra‐American Seas, for the May to November rainy season 1980–2009. Seven recurrent convection regimes are identified, each with distinct impacts on local rainfall. Three suppressed‐convection regimes prevailing throughout the season and in particular during the Mid‐Summer Drought are related to transient anticyclonic circulation anomalies and broad drying over the region. The remaining regimes are all related to enhanced convection and cyclonic circulation anomalies over the Caribbean. For one wet regime, the cyclonic anomaly is located over Central America, which increases moisture advection from the eastern Pacific and in turn rainfall over Central and South America to the disadvantage of northern regions of the Caribbean. The three other regimes are associated with a weaker Caribbean Low Level Jet along its southern branch stretching along the South American coast, while its northern branch is strengthened, exposing the Caribbean to more moisture advection from the northeast trade winds, enhancing convection and rainfall locally. These three wet regimes are related to northwestward‐propagating convective cells that can be traced in a composite sense to the southward incursion of baroclinic waves from the midlatitudes, and anticyclonic wave breaking. In addition, their frequencies are found to be higher during phases 1 and 2 of the Madden‐Julian Oscillation, suggesting a connection with easterly waves emanating from African convection. Relationships are shown between these three northwestward‐propagating wet regimes and historical floods in the Caribbean illustrating the potential value of the convective regime approach for ultimately improving regional predictions and disaster early warning on sub‐seasonal scales.