bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Coarctation of the Umbilical Cord: A Cause of Intrauterine Fetal Death
Authors: Fortuna J. F. Tavares , Pratas M. Lourdes 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis article presents 16 cases of coarctation of the umbilical cord, resulting in fetal death in utero in pregnant women of more than 6 months' gestation. Coarctation of the umbilical cord can occur in any phase of the gestational period and is not related to parity. The stricture of the cord is usually accompanied by torsion and characterized by a fibrosis of the Wharton's jelly and a thickening of the vascular walls which obstructs the fetoplacental circulation, leading to anoxia and fetal death. Although this entity must occur frequently, it is not often reported by obstetricians because the umbilical cord is not carefully examined in all cases of stillbirth.
Evaluation of 496 Menstrual Regulation and Abortion Patients in Calcutta
Authors: Lilaram D. , Basu S. , Khan P. K. , Dasgupta S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTFrom March to December 1975, 496 patients were studied to compare the safety and effectiveness of menstrual regulation (MR) performed with a Karman hand syringe and first trimester abortion performed with an electric vacuum aspirator. All procedures were done on an outpatient basis. The complication rate for the MR patients was significantly lower than that for the other first trimester abortion patients. Study results indicate that MR with the Karman syringe is a safer, simpler and less costly procedure than first trimester abortion with the electric vacuum aspirator. Further research and study are necessary to determine the effect of the initial and repeat MR procedures on women's menstrual patterns and future pregnancies, including any subsequent prematurity, stillbirths and Rh immunization.
Treating Dysmenorrhea with Anti‐inflammatory Agents: A Double‐Blind Trial With Naproxen Sodium
Authors: Sande H. A. , Salvesen T. , Izu A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThirty‐two dysmenorrheic patients participated in a double‐blind trial of naproxen sodium for three consecutive menstrual cycles. The women were divided into two groups: 15 women were given naproxen sodium (the sodium salt of d‐2‐(6‐methoxy‐2‐naphthyl) propionic acid) and 17 women received placebo tablets. The women were prescribed two tablets (550 mg) at the first sign of menstrual pain and one tablet (275 mg) thereafter every six hours, as required. There were no significant differences between the two groups in physical characteristics, obstetric and gynecologic histories, including the character of dysmenorrhea and pretreatment pain intensity scores (p = 0.7). Following intake of the drug or placebo, the participants rated the relief provided by the medication with a six‐point scoring system. When the scores for pain relief were tallied for the three treatment cycles, the naproxen sodium group averaged 13.7 ± 0.65 standard error, while the placebo group averaged 8.8 ± 0.95 standard error out of a possible maximum relief score of 18. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant at p = 0.0004. Few patients reported side effects.
Maternity Record: Initial Report on a National Experience (Colombia)
Authors: Lopez‐Escobar Guillermo , Fortney Judith A. , Riano‐Gamboa German , Daza Luis 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe International Fertility Research Program, in cooperation with the Government of Colombia, drew a random sample of urban hospitals in which obstetric deliveries take place. Data were collected on a sample of the deliveries. Hospitals were divided into six types: university, university maternity, social security and three sizes of general hospitals. These groups of hospitals are compared with respect to the proportion of high‐risk patients admitted, intervention rates and perinatal mortality rates.
The Role of Traditional Birth Attendants in Family Planning Programs in Southeast Asia
Authors: Peng J. Y. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe training and utilization of traditional birth attendants (TBAs) in maternal and child health and family planning programs in Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and Malaysia are discussed. Special efforts to organize and train TBAs for family planning in Malaysia are examined in detail. Import factors for successful utilization of TBAs include: (a) definite assignment of functions and tasks, (b) organization of good operational steps and (c) implementation of good supervisory activities.
Genital Tumor as a Presenting Symptom of Renal Hypernephroma: A Case Report
Authors: Levin Samuel , Glezerman Marek , Meisner Israel , Seidel Liliana , Beyar Hayim 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA case of hypernephroma is presented in which the initial finding was heavy bleeding from a vaginal tumor. Fewer than 90 cases of genital metastases in males or females have previously been reported.
One Year's Experience with the Ypsilon‐Y IUD
Authors: Batár István , Thomas Michael N. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIn 1975, a two‐year study designed to test the new Ypsilon IUD was initiated by the Family Planning Center (Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University), Debrecen, Hungary. From November 1975 through September 1976, Ypsilon‐Y intrauterine devices (IUDs) were inserted in 300 women who had not previously used IUDs. The control group consisted of 300 Lippes Loop D users, all of whom were also first‐time IUD users. The selection was made by randomization. After one year, the relevant rates (pregnancy, expulsion, medical removals) for the study group were: 3.9, 10.4 and 7.8, respectively. The corresponding values for the Lippes Loop D group were: 2.8, 5.7 and 7.8 per 100 women. Although the pregnancy rate for the control population was lower, the difference was not statistically significant. The frequency of expulsion in the Ypsilon‐Y users was higher than that of the Lippes Loop D acceptors, but the difference was not statistically significant at the 0.05 level. The medical removal rates were almost the same in both groups. The total number of bleeding, pain and dysmenorrheic complaints in the two groups were also compared and showed that the Ypsilon‐Y users did not report complaints as often as did the women wearing the Lippes Loop D. The difference was statistically significant. The relevant termination rates of the Ypsilon‐Y were higher than those for the Lippes Loop D; however, the lower frequency of complaints in the study group suggests that the shape of the Y may be more suitable for the uterine cavity than the Loop D.
Effects of Bilateral Ligation of the Uterine and Ovarian Vessels in Dogs
Authors: O'Leary James A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTDevascularization of the nonpregnant uterus and oviducts by ligation of both uterine and both ovarian arteries was studied in 48 mongrel dogs. There were no postoperative complications or morbidity. At the time of the second laparotomy, the tissues appeared to be viable. This report suggests that bilateral uterine and ovarian artery ligation is without hazard. Whether this observation can be applied to the pregnant human uterus remains to be proven.
Cardiac Failure in Pregnant Northern Nigerian Women
Authors: Abengowe C. U. , Das C. K. , Siddique A. K. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThirty‐nine gravidae with congestive cardiac failure and ten pregnant patients with acute pulmonary edema treated at the Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital in Kaduna, Nigeria, over a five‐year period are presented. Congestive cardiac failure occurred more frequently in the postnatal period, and parity and socioeconomic class were not significantly related to cardiac failure. Maternal mortality was low in spite of all patients being in functional grades III and IV. Idiopathic cardiomegaly and chronic rheumatic heart disease were the most common underlying causes of heart failure in pregnancy. The dominant valvular lesion in the patients with rheumatic heart disease was mitral incompetence.
A Simple Technique to Increase Success Rate of Artificial Insemination
Authors: Makler Amnon 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA simple technique to increase the success rate of artificial insemination is described: most of the cervical mucus is aspirated prior to the endocervical injection of the husband's or donor's semen. The bulk of seminal fluid is kept in place; its back flow into the vagina is prevented by gentle pressing of the syringe by the patient. Sixty‐six women underwent treatment by this technique. The pregnancy rate was significantly higher, and fewer cycles of treatment per pregnancy were required, as compared to 65 women inseminated by simple endocervical injection. No side effects except mild transitory abdominal pain were encountered.
A Comparison of the Lippes Loop and Two Copper‐Bearing Intrauterine Devices
Authors: Cole Lynda P. , Edelman David A. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTA review of published studies and studies conducted through the International Fertility Research Program on the Lippes Loop D, TCu and Cu‐7 shows that none of the three devices evaluated is better with respect to continuation and all types of event rates. There is a trend toward lower expulsion rates for the copper‐bearing IUDs, but other factors such as the cost of devices and the need for replacement must be considered in determining the merits of the devices for large‐scale programs.
Bacteriologic Study of IUDs Removed from Nigerian Igbo Women
Authors: Chukudebelu W. O. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTIntrauterine contraceptive devices (IUDs) removed from 50 Igbo women were subjected to bacteriologic studies. High vaginal swabs from the women were cultured simultaneously. In 49 of the 50 IUDs, the culture was negative. The author concludes that the African IUD wearer, like her Caucasian peer, can safely combat any bacterial nidus introduced during device insertion.
The Role of Surgery in the Treatment of Trophoblastic Disease
Authors: Ilancheran A. , Ratnam S. S. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTOver 600 of the 850 cases of gestational trophoblastic disease that have been treated in our department during the last 20 years were reviewed to determine the role of surgery in the management of the disease. The surgical procedures employed included hysterectomy, both as a prophylactic and definitive procedure, thoracotomy, excision of vaginal nodules and neurosurgical removal of cerebral secondaries. It was found that removal of a large tumor mass improved the response to subsequent chemotherapy. Removal of vaginal nodules usually was not necessary unless there was hemorrhage. Chemotherapy with precise hormonal monitoring remains the most important means of treating choriocarcinoma.
Complete Inversion of the Urinary Bladder Through a Vesicovaginal Fistula
Authors: Mukherjee Kalyani , Goswami Bimal 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis is the case of an Indian woman who was hospitalized after a diagnosis of chronic inversion of the uterus with a vesicovaginal fistula. She suffered from urinary incontinence for 40 years, the condition having developed following a difficult labor. Ultimately, she proved to have a complete inversion of the bladder through a vesicovaginal fistula.
Use‐Effectiveness of Standard‐Dose and Low‐Dose Oral Contraceptives in Dacca
Authors: Measham Anthony R. , Khan Atiqur R. , Measham Carol D. , Khanum Ferdousi , Akbar Jalaluddin 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTFive hundred women accepting oral contraceptives at an urban clinic were alternately prescribed standard‐dose (50 μg of estrogen) or low‐dose (30 μg of estrogen) combined pills. Life‐table continuation rates at 12 months were approximately 40% for both groups, with no significant differences between or within the two groups after controlling for sociodemographic variables and nutritional status. Approximately three fifths of those who discontinued using both formulations cited medical reasons, especially dizziness. The low‐dose oral contraceptive appeared to be as acceptable to these urban Bangladeshi women as the higher‐dose pill.
A silicon‐based dual‐material double‐gate tunnel field‐effect transistor with optimized performance
Authors: Noor Samantha Lubaba , Safa Samia , Khan Md. Ziaur Rahman 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe work focuses on optimizing the device parameters of a Si‐based dual‐material double‐gate tunnel field‐effect transistor for maximizing its efficiency. The efficiency is measured in terms of drain current, subthreshold swing, ION/IOFF ratio, and electron concentration in Si body. A numerical model of dual‐material double‐gate tunnel field‐effect transistor is developed using Silvaco, Atlas. Simulations are performed in Technology Computer Aided Design (TCAD) using Kane's band‐to‐band tunneling model. Based on the simulation results, optimum values of gate workfunctions, doping levels in different regions, ratio of gate lengths, and Si body thickness are suggested for the device. The proposed optimized device shows subthreshold swing of 15 − 41mV/dec, on current of 1.4 × 10 − 4A/μm and ION/IOFF ratio on the order of 1012.
Stationarity of major flood frequencies and heights on the Ba River, Fiji, over a 122‐year record
Authors: McAneney John , van den Honert Robin , Yeo Stephen 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThe economic impact of natural disasters on developing economies can be severe with the recovery diverting scarce funds that might otherwise be targeted at development projects and stimulating the need for international aid. In view of the likely sensitivity of low‐lying Pacific Islands to anticipated changes in climate, a 122‐year record of major flooding depths at the Rarawai Sugar Mill on the Ba River in the northwest of the Fijian Island of Viti Levu is analysed. Reconstructed largely from archived correspondence of the Colonial Sugar Refining Company, the time series comprises simple measurements of height above the Mill floor. It exhibits no statistically significant trends in either frequency or flood heights, once the latter have been adjusted for average relative sea‐level rise. This is despite persistent warming of air temperatures as characterized in other studies. There is a strong dependence of frequency (but not magnitude) upon El Niño‐Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phase, with many more floods in La Niña phases. The analysis of this long‐term data series illustrates the difficulty of detecting a global climate change signal from hazard data, even given a consistent measurement methodology (cf HURDAT2 record of North Atlantic hurricanes) and warns of the strong dependence of any statistical significance upon choices of start and end dates of the analysis.
Sex differences in tendon structure and function
Authors: Sarver Dylan C. , Kharaz Yalda Ashraf , Sugg Kristoffer B. , Gumucio Jonathan P. , Comerford Eithne , Mendias Christopher L. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTTendons play a critical role in the transmission of forces between muscles and bones, and chronic tendon injuries and diseases are among the leading causes of musculoskeletal disability. Little is known about sex‐based differences in tendon structure and function. Our objective was to evaluate the mechanical properties, biochemical composition, transcriptome, and cellular activity of plantarflexor tendons from 4 month old male and female C57BL/6 mice using in vitro biomechanics, mass spectrometry‐based proteomics, genome‐wide expression profiling, and cell culture techniques. While the Achilles tendons of male mice were approximately 6% larger than female mice (p < 0.05), the cell density of female mice was around 19% greater than males (p < 0.05). No significant differences in mechanical properties (p > 0.05) of plantaris tendons were observed. Mass spectrometry proteomics analysis revealed no significant difference between sexes in the abundance of major extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as collagen types I (p = 0.30) and III (p = 0.68), but female mice had approximately twofold elevations (p < 0.05) in less abundant ECM proteins such as fibronectin, periostin, and tenascin C. The transcriptome of male and female tendons differed by only 1%. In vitro, neither the sex of the serum that fibroblasts were cultured in, nor the sex of the ECM in which they were embedded, had profound effects on the expression of collagen and cell proliferation genes. Our results indicate that while male mice expectedly had larger tendons, male and female tendons have very similar mechanical properties and biochemical composition, with small increases in some ECM proteins and proteoglycans evident in female tendons. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:2117–2126, 2017.
Deer leather: analysis of the microstructure affecting pebble
Authors: Wells Hannah C , Sizeland Katie H , Cooper Sue M , Kirby Nigel , Hawley Adrian , Mudie Stephen , Haverkamp Richard G 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDDeer leather has a characteristic pattern, referred to as ‘pebble’, which is accorded such importance that a lack of it renders a leather defective. Synchrotron‐based small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS), ultrasonic imaging, scanning electron microscopy, and tear tests were used to investigate the structural characteristics of well‐pebbled and poorly pebbled cervine leathers.RESULTSPoorly pebbled leather has a less open structure in the upper grain region than well‐pebbled leather. The orientation index (OI) of leather with a poor pebble is less than that of the well‐pebbled leather, particularly in the corium. The tear strength is also less for the poorly pebbled leather.CONCLUSIONSThe differences in structure between well‐ and poorly pebbled cervine leathers are not the same as the structural differences between tight and loose bovine leathers, to which they are sometimes compared. On the contrary, good pebble may reflect an internal structure similar to that of looseness. It is hoped that methods to prevent a reduction in pebbling during the processing of cervine leather may be developed by applying this knowledge of cervine leather's structural characteristics. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Stable spline deconvolution for dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI
Authors: Peruzzo Denis , Castellaro Marco , Pillonetto Gianluigi , Bertoldo Alessandra 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo present the stable spline (SS) deconvolution method for the quantification of the cerebral blood flow (CBF) from dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI.MethodsThe SS method was compared with both the block‐circulant singular value decomposition (oSVD) and nonlinear stochastic regularization (NSR) methods. oSVD is one of the most popular deconvolution methods in dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI (DSC‐MRI). NSR is an alternative approach that we proposed previously. The three methods were compared using simulated data and two clinical data sets.ResultsThe SS method correctly reconstructed the dispersed residue function and its peak in presence of dispersion, regardless of the delay. In absence of dispersion, SS performs similarly to oSVD and does not correctly reconstruct the residue function and its peak. SS and NSR better differentiate healthy and pathologic CBF values compared with oSVD in all simulated conditions. Using acquired data, SS and NSR provide more clinically plausible and physiological estimates of the residue function and CBF maps compared with oSVD.ConclusionThe SS method overcomes some of the limitations of oSVD, such as unphysiological estimates of the residue function and NSR, the latter of which is too computationally expensive to be applied to large data sets. Thus, the SS method is a valuable alternative for CBF quantification using DSC‐MRI data. Magn Reson Med 78:1801–1811, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Biological Kinship, Postmarital Residence and the Emergence of Cemetery Formalisation at Prehistoric Marathon
Authors: Prevedorou E. , Stojanowski C. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the role of kinship and postmarital residence in the emergence of organised cemeteries during the transition from the Final Neolithic to the Early Bronze Age at Marathon, Attica. Focusing on the cemetery of Tsepi, we performed intra‐cemetery biodistance analysis to test whether biological relatedness structured spatial organisation of tombs, and whether postmarital residence was matrilocal or patrilocal. Dental metric, dental morphological and cranial non‐metric data were collected from 293 individuals and subjected to multivariate analysis (principal component analysis, Euclidean distance ordination via multidimensional scaling), binomial probability calculations, Ripley's K analysis and determinant ratio analysis. Results indicated phenotypic similarity among some tomb co‐interments; however, outliers suggested that within‐tomb burial depended on a variety of factors that could include affinal, fictive or practical kinship. There was strong evidence for phenotypic patterning by tomb row, indicating that cemetery structure at Tsepi was organised according to biological lineages. This was especially evident for females. Male phenotypic variation was higher than that of females, though not significantly so. The results of intra‐cemetery biodistance analysis at Tsepi reveal a complex mortuary programme that emphasised biological kinship within an exogamous and likely matrilocal system of mate exchange. When considered in light of ethnographic evidence, the practice of male exogamy may correlate with the coastal location of the community and the maritime activities that structured the economy during the emergence of social complexity in the region. This paper illustrates the potential of biodistance analyses for elucidating aspects of social life in the Aegean. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and validation of two equations based on anthropometry, estimating body fat for the Greek adult population
Authors: Kanellakis Spyridon , Skoufas Efstathios , Khudokonenko Vladlena , Apostolidou Eftychia , Gerakiti Loukia , Andrioti Maria‐Chrysi , Bountouvi Evangelia , Manios Yannis 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveTo validate anthropometric equations in the current literature predicting body fat percentage (%BF) in the Greek population, to develop and validate two anthropometric equations estimating %BF, and to compare them with the retrieved equations.MethodsAnthropometric data from 642 Greek adults were incorporated. Dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry was used as reference method. The comparison with other equations was made using Bland‐Altman analysis, intraclass correlation coefficient, and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient.ResultsNine of the thirty‐one retrieved equations had no statistically significant bias. However, all of them had wide limits of agreement (±8.3 to ±16%BF). The equations accrued were: BF% = −0.615−10.948 × sex + 0.321 × waist circumference + 0.502 × hips circumference−0.39 × forearm circumference − 19.768 × height (m) and BF% = −27.787−5.515 × sex−8.419 × height + 0.145 × waist circumference + 0.270 × hips circumference + 7.509 × log of thigh skinfold + 20.090 × log of sum of skinfolds (bicep + tricep + suprailiac + subscapular)−0.445 × forearm circumference. Bland‐Altman's reliability analysis showed no significant bias of −0.058 and −0.148%BF and limits of agreement ±8.100 and ±6.056%BF; the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.955 and 0.976; and Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was 0.914 and 0.951, respectively.ConclusionsLiterature equations performed moderately on this study's population. Therefore, two equations were designed and validated. The first one was simple and easily applicable, with measures obtained from a measuring tape, and the second one more complicated yet more accurate and reliable. Both were found to be reliable for the assessment of body composition in the Greek population.