bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Formal Legal Pluralism on Indigenous Authorities in the Ecuadorian Highlands
Authors: Simon Thomas Marc 
Published: June 2016

ResumenEl artículo analiza las distintas formas en que el pluralismo legal formal en Ecuador es percibido y utilizado. Se enfoca en el vacío legal generado tras el reconocimiento constitucional del derecho consuetudinario en 1998 y la subsecuente ausencia de reglas de coordinación tendientes a definir la relación entre éste y el derecho nacional. A adoptarse una perspectiva de antropología legal sobre el cabildo, este artículo describe las variaciones en el tratamiento de distintos tipos de “conflictos internos”, dependiendo de la gravedad del caso y de las partes involucradas. Se sostiene que el reconocimiento constitucional del pluralismo legal puede funcionar a favor o en contra del empoderamiento político y legal de las autoridades indígenas locales. Mientras por un lado extendio la jurisdicción de autoridades locales, también causó tensiones políticas nacionales relacionadas con la interpretación de los artículos relevantes en la constitución y con los intentos de limitar la jurisdicción indígena.
Unique Characteristics of Cohabiters Seeking Therapy
Authors: Shannon Samuel , Bartle‐Harring Suzanne 
Published: June 2016

There is limited information on cohabiters presenting for therapy. The authors examined the characteristics of 143 married and 54 cohabiting, young (m = 30.39), Caucasian, couples presenting for therapy. We hypothesized that cohabiters presenting for therapy would be more satisfied and committed than married couples and that they would be similarly emotionally differentiated. We conducted a repeated‐measures MANOVA to test the hypothesis. Significant effects between partners and between dyads were found, indicating a difference between clients based on relationship status. Cohabiting clients presented earlier in their relationship and were more satisfied and committed. Cohabiting male partners were less emotionally reactive. Without the institutionalized rules of marriage, cohabiting couples may perceive threats to their relationship earlier than married couples.
Clinical Assessment of a Point‐of‐Care Serum Amyloid A Assay in Foals with Bronchopneumonia
Authors: Giguère S. , Berghaus L.J. , Miller C.D. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundDespite the paucity of data available, stall‐side serum amyloid (SAA) assays are commonly used to make diagnostic and treatment decisions in foals with bronchopneumonia.HypothesisMeasurement ofSAAconcentrations can accurately differentiate pneumonic from healthy foals.AnimalsFifty‐four pneumonic foals between 3 weeks and 5 months of age were compared to 44 healthy controls. In addition, 47 foals on a farm endemic forR. equiinfections were studied.MethodsSerum samples were collected from pneumonic foals at hospital admission. Foals were categorized as having pneumonia caused byR. equior by other microorganisms based on culture of a tracheobronchial aspirate. In addition, serum samples were obtained at 2‐week intervals from foals born at a farm endemic forR. equi.SAAconcentrations were measured by a point‐of‐care assay. Diagnostic performance ofSAAwas assessed by use of receiver operating characteristic curves.ResultsConcentrations ofSAAin foals with bronchopneumonia were significantly (P< 0.001) higher than those of healthy foals, but 15 of 54 pneumonic foals (28%) hadSAAconcentrations <5 μg/mL. There was no correlation betweenSAAconcentrations and radiographic score in foals withR. equipneumonia. The ability ofSAAto predict development ofR. equipneumonia at the endemic farm was limited with a sensitivity of 64% and a specificity of 77%.Conclusion and clinical importanceOverall,SAAconcentrations are significantly higher in pneumonic than in healthy foals. However, performance ofSAAin detecting pneumonic foals is limited by the high proportion of false‐positive and false‐negative results.
Biogeography of polymorphic phenotypes: Mapping and ecological modelling of coat colour variants in an elusive Neotropical cat, the jaguarundi (Puma yagouaroundi)
Authors: da Silva L. G. , de Oliveira T. G. , Kasper C. B. , Cherem J. J. , Moraes E. A. , Paviolo A. , Eizirik E. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe jaguarundiPuma yagouaroundiis a small Neotropical cat that presents two main coloration phenotypes (grey/dark vs. reddish). Although these coat colour variants have been known for decades, and historically speculated to be associated with different habitats, their exact geographical distribution has never been mapped. Moreover, their association to different habitats has so far not been tested statistically, so that their ecological relevance with respect to varying environmental features remains unknown. Based on 566 location records encompassing the entire historical range of the species obtained from camera‐traps, captures and skins held in scientific collections, we produced suitability models for both jaguarundi phenotypes using maximum entropy algorithms of niche modelling. The frequency of grey/dark jaguarundis isc. 80%, whereas reddish animals representc. 20% of our overall sample set. However, there were marked differences in these frequencies across regions. Although the spatial distribution of grey/dark animals did not depart substantially from random expectations (as it encompassed the whole species range), the occurrence of the ancestral reddish form was strongly and significantly non‐random. In spite of their broad distribution across multiple habitats, grey/dark animals were significantly associated with moist and dense forests, whereas reddish forms were associated with dry and open areas such as deserts and xeric landscapes. Furthermore, there were clear spatial differences in the suitability models generated for these coat colour phenotypes. We also employed the distribution models to investigate whether particular environmental predictors could explain these different distributions. Predictors related to moisture were especially influential on the differences between the grey/dark and reddish models, and demonstrate an effect of natural selection on coloration traits, suggesting that a complex interplay of different ecological processes regulates this system over evolutionary time.
The use of generics to treat chronic hepatitis C: not quite ready for the big stage
Authors: Sarpel Dost , Dieterich Douglas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRecently developed direct acting antivirals have been highly effective in treating patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. Due to their expense, there has been development of generic formulations of these medications in many countries. However, there has been controversy regarding the bioequivalence of generics when compared to brand name medications. Inactive ingredients, which may differ in generic medications, can alter the bioequivalence of the active ingredient as well as provoke intolerance or confusion among patients. There is also concern regarding the quality control and assessment of the manufacturing process of generics. When taken together these issues have the potential to lead to treatment failure. The use of generics to treat chronic hepatitis C will remain controversial, until these issues are adequately addressed.
Signaling of ghrelin and its functional receptor, the growth hormone secretagogue receptor, promote tumor growth in glioblastomas
Authors: Okada Yousuke , Sugita Yasuo , Ohshima Koichi , Morioka Motohiro , Komaki Satoru , Miyoshi Junko , Abe Hideyuki 
Published: June 2016

Ghrelin is a 28‐amino‐acid peptide that is the endogenous ligand for the pituitary growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS‐R). Ghrelin is mainly produced from the stomach, but it is also expressed by various other tissues, including the CNS under normal conditions. Physiologically, ghrelin regulates appetite, gut motility, and GH release from the anterior pituitary, as well as cardiovascular and immune systems. Recent studies also indicate that ghrelin and GHS‐R may play an important autocrine/paracrine role in neoplastic conditions. In order to clarify the role of ghrelin/GHS‐R in gliomas, the present study assessed the expression of ghrelin and its functional receptor, GHS‐R1a, in 39 glioblastomas (GBs), 13 anaplastic astrocytomas (AAs) and 11 diffuse astrocytomas (DAs) using immunohistochemical analyses. Immunohistochemical staining was evaluated as follows: no staining; 1+, 0–10% positive cells; 2+, 10–50% positive cells; 3+, >50% positive cells. Ghrelin expression was detected in 52 of 63 cases of which 38, 13 and one were scored as 3+, 2+ and 1+, respectively. GHS‐R1a expression was detected in 45 of 63 cases of which 29, 15 and one were scored as 3+, 2+ and 1+, respectively. Ghrelin immunoreactivity was observed in 38 of 39 GBs, 12 of 13 AAs and two of 11 DAs. GHS‐R1a immunoreactivity was observed in 39 of 39 GBs, five of 13 AAs, and one of 11 DAs. AAs and GBs showed moderate or strong immunostaining of ghrelin/GHS‐R1a in the tumor cells and in proliferating microvessels. Patients were classified into lower to moderate‐score, and high‐score ghrelin/GHS‐R categories according to the principal component and cluster analyses. Multivariate analysis of overall survival indicated that there was a significant difference (P = 0.0001) in the survival rate between these two groups. The combined results indicated that expression of the ghrelin/GHS‐R1a axis increases the growth of AAs and GBs through an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
Convergence on Crisis? Comparing Labour and Conservative Party Framing of the Economic Crisis in Britain, 2008‐14
Authors: English Patrick , Grasso Maria T. , Buraczynska Barbara , Karampampas Sotirios , Temple Luke 
Published: June 2016

Since the 1980s, Britain's two largest political parties have been converging ever closer on the political spectrum, in line with a Downsian model of two party majoritarian systems. While both Labour and the Conservatives have been moving toward consensus, we investigate the extent to which the recent financial crisis, understood as a critical juncture, interrupted this movement. Using a “fuzzy set” ideal type analysis with claims‐making data, we assess whether or not we can detect any signs of this consensus breaking down as a result of the crisis and the events which followed. Our results show that despite this most critical event, consensus was maintained as we found both parties adopting very similar framing and narrating strategies on the economic crisis in their public discourse. The study concludes that the shared discursive framing and narrating between both parties on the crisis demonstrates a continued Thatcherite, neoliberal consensus in British politics.Related Articles in this Special Issue

Temple, Luke,
Maria T. Grasso,
Barbara Buraczynska,
Sotirios Karampampas, and
Patrick English. 2016. .” Politics & Policy 44 (): 553–576. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12161/abstract

Giugni, Marco, and
Maria T. Grasso. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 447–472. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12157/abstract

Lahusen, Christian,
Maria Kousis,
Johannes Kiess, and
Maria Paschou. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 525–552. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12162/abstract
Related MediaITV News. 2011. “Conservative Party Conference: Cameron's Debt Promise.” YouTube. https://youtu.be/vJ9RfDr6DVgFinancial Times. 2014. “Miliband Toughens Stance on Deficit.” YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZVY0t_FSN4s
Neoliberal Narrative in Times of Economic Crisis: A Political Claims Analysis of the U.K. Press, 2007‐14
Authors: Temple Luke , Grasso Maria T. , Buraczynska Barbara , Karampampas Sotirios , English Patrick 
Published: June 2016

Using political claims analysis on 1,000 articles from five national newspapers (Daily Mail, The Sun, The Times, The Guardian, and Daily Mirror), this article demonstrates that press coverage of the financial crisis, recession, and austerity in the United Kingdom between 2007‐14 drew heavily on a neoliberal discourse. Political, market, and civil society actors discussed the impact of hard times on people using a reductionist neoliberal narrative, framing people as “economic actors” and consistently underplaying any social or political traits. By examining communicative, rather than coordinative, discourse this research expands the focus of previous studies which have examined the embeddedness of ideology in society, and highlights potential links to studies of citizen participation and mobilization.Related Articles in this Special Issue

Cinalli, Manlio, and
Marco Giugni. 2016. “” Politics & Policy 44 (): 427–446. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12159/abstract

Giugni, Marco, and
Maria T. Grasso. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 447–472. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12157/abstract

English, Patrick,
Maria T. Grasso,
Barbara Buraczynska,
Sotirios Karampampas, and
Luke Temple. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 577–603. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12160/abstract
Related Media
. 2015. “Neoliberalism's Stealth Revolution ‐ Interview with Wendy Brown.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sUGSjd_OoQ0

. 2016. “Words Matter: Deconstructing ‘Welfare Dependency’ in the UK – Paul Michael Garrett.” http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/%EF%BB%BFwords-matter-deconstructing-welfare-dependency-in-the-uk/
Political Claims and Discourse Formations: A Comparative Account on Germany and Greece in the Eurozone Crisis
Authors: Lahusen Christian , Kousis Maria , Kiess Johannes , Paschou Maria 
Published: June 2016

The economic crisis following the financial meltdown in 2007 had disparate impacts for citizens of the southern and northern Eurozone member states. In this study, we analyze public debates in Germany and Greece, two countries that have attracted global attention during the crisis, through a political claims analysis based on newspaper articles published between 2005 and 2014. The article makes use of multiple correspondence analysis to detect the patterns governing the discursive construction of the European financial and economic crisis. Our findings corroborate the expected differences between the Greek and German debates in regard to core issues and assessments. However, the de‐alignment of political cleavages in both countries is notable and stresses seemingly an underlying mainstreaming process that limits the diversity of crisis‐related claims.Related Articles in this Special Issue

Zamponi, Lorenzo, and
Lorenzo Bosi. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 400–426. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12156/abstract

Temple, Luke,
Maria T. Grasso,
Barbara Buraczynska,
Sotirios Karampampas, and
Patrick English. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 553–576. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12161/abstract

English, Patrick,
Maria T. Grasso,
Barbara Buraczynska,
Sotirios Karampampas, and
Luke Temple. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 577–603. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12160/abstract
The Visibility of the EU in the National Public Spheres in Times of Crisis and Austerity
Authors: Monza Sabina , Anduiza Eva 
Published: June 2016

We examine the visibility of the European Union (EU) in the national public spheres of nine European countries during the period 2008‐14, inquiring whether the impact of the recent economic crisis and the austerity policies have advanced the presence of the EU, its member states, and European concerns, or not. Using political claims analysis, we map the visibility of collective actors in the main national newspapers of France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Despite the overall limited presence of the EU and European subjects, we find meaningful differences among countries. First, Germany's leading position conveying visibility to European claims, followed by Greece, Italy, and France. In contrast, negligible levels of visibility of the EU in the United Kingdom and Switzerland along with general low levels in the remaining selected countries, even in those most severely hit by the recent economic crisis and under EU surveillance.Related Articles in this Special Issue

Zamponi, Lorenzo, and
Lorenzo Bosi. 2016. .” Politics & Policy 44 (): 400–426. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12156/abstract

Lahusen, Christian,
Maria Kousis,
Johannes Kiess, and
Maria Paschou. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 525–552. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12162/abstract

Cinalli, Manlio, and
Marco Giugni. 2016. “” Politics & Policy 44 (): 427–446. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12159/abstract
Related Media

de Vreese, Claes. 2014. “Understanding the Role of Mass Media and Interpersonal Discussion in Shaping Today's European Citizenship.” European Public Sphere Conference April 10‐11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkCkFVCxIJs&feature=youtu.be

. 2016. News. Arts & Culture. Series: Research Spotlight. Accessed on March 17, 2016. http://www.city.ac.uk/news/spotlight-on-research/context-matters
Whose Rights, Which Duties? Political Claims in the Sphere of Labor Policy in the Times of Crisis: The Social Citizenship Perspective
Authors: Theiss Maria , Kurowska Anna , Petelczyc Janina 
Published: June 2016

The goal of this article is to explore the discursive construction of social citizenship of various labor market actors during crisis. Using the newspaper data from nine countries we conduct a quantitative and qualitative study of the rights and duties attributed to employees, employers, and outsiders in the labor market. We find that the attribution of rights to all groups prevails and the most frequent are the claims supporting employees’ rights. In a context of crisis severity, we find three distinct groups of discourse on rights and duties in the labor market sphere. A severe crisis created conditions for labor organizations to claim the rights of employees. A moderate crisis created the ground for the state to (re)call the rights of the outsiders. In countries in which crisis was present in the discourse, rather than in real terms, a window of opportunity emerged for markets and employers to claim their freedoms and rights.Related Articles

Temple, Luke,
Maria T. Grasso,
Barbara Buraczynska,
Sotirios Karampampas, and
Patrick English. 2016. “.” Politics & Policy 44 (): 553–576. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12161/abstract
König, Pascal D. 2015. “.” Politics & Policy 43 (): 647–678. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/polp.12130/abstract
McBeth, Mark K.,
Donna L. Lybecker, and
Kacee A. Garner. 2010. “.” Politics & Policy 38 (): 1–23. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747-1346.2009.00226.x/abstractRelated MediaYoutube. 2016. “Centre for Inclusion and Citizenship ∼ Rights Based Social Policy.” https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfgMuy2zkhXLDTUAgmZTK2Q/videos?flow=grid&view=0&sort=p
HRM analysis provides insights on the reproduction mode and the population structure of Gnomoniopsis castaneae in Europe
Authors: Sillo F. , Giordano L. , Zampieri E. , Lione G. , De Cesare S. , Gonthier P. 
Published: June 2016

Gnomoniopsis castaneae is an emergent nut rot agent of chestnut in southern Europe. To elucidate its population genetics, three simple sequence repeat (SSR) and two hypervariable markers were developed and assessed through high‐resolution melting (HRM) analysis on 132 isolates collected from 10 sites in Italy, France and Switzerland. High allele diversity (ranging from 0.23 to 0.40 depending on site) and number of haplotypes (49) were observed. More than 70% of the molecular variance could be accounted among isolates within sites. Multilocus analysis showed absence of linkage disequilibrium, suggesting a predominant role played by sexual reproduction and random mating. Data analyses indicated the presence of at least two putative distinct subpopulations and this was confirmed by several approaches, including analysis of shared haplotypes, multivariate and Bayesian analyses. Based on data of allelic diversity, the possibility that the pathogen could have been introduced is discussed. This work assessed the genetic variability and the sexual strategies of G. castaneae in Europe, adding useful information on the epidemiology of this fungal plant pathogen.
Availability of Business Services and Outward Investment: Evidence from French Firms
Authors: Görg Holger , Jabbour Liza 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis paper considers the link between the local availability of services in a home country and a firm's decision to become a multinational. This is a highly topical issue, given that many industrialized countries are increasingly becoming service economies and firms become increasingly more globalized. In an analysis of rich firm level data for France we find evidence that the availability of services in the home country indeed has a positive impact on firms’ decisions to become multinationals. This is robust to endogeneity concerns. The result can be interpreted in a simple set‐up where the local availability of business services improves firm efficiency and, hence, allows firms to overcome sunk costs of investing abroad more easily.
Hypoxaemia in Mozambican children <5 years of age admitted to hospital with clinical severe pneumonia: clinical features and performance of predictor models
Authors: Bassat Quique , Lanaspa Miguel , Machevo Sónia , O'Callaghan‐Gordo Cristina , Madrid Lola , Nhampossa Tacilta , Acácio Sozinho , Roca Anna , Alonso Pedro L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of hypoxaemia among under‐five children admitted to hospital with clinical severe pneumonia and to assess the performance to diagnose hypoxaemia of models based on clinical signs.MethodsWe conducted a hospital‐based survey in a district hospital from Southern Mozambique.ResultsA total of 825 children were recruited after obtaining an informed consent. The prevalence of hypoxaemia on admission was 27.9%, and 19.8% of these children died (OR compared with non‐hypoxaemic children 3.22, 95% CI 1.98–5.21, P < 0.001). The model with larger area under the ROC curve (AUC‐ROC) to predict hypoxaemia included cyanosis or thoracoabdominal breathing or respiratory rate ≥70 breaths per minute. None of the models performed well when tested in different case scenarios of oxygen availability through mathematical modelling, with over 50% of hypoxaemic children not receiving oxygen even in favourable case scenarios.ConclusionsClinical signs alone or in combination are not suitable to diagnose hypoxaemia. The use of pulse oximeters should be strongly encouraged.