bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Strategic E-Marketing Framework For Sport Mega-Events
Authors: Radikonyana Paul S. , Heath Ernie , Fairer-Wessels Felicite , Prinsloo J.J. , Pelser Theuns G. 
Published: March 2016

This article reports on a study that was conducted which aims to understand the optimal usage of e-marketing in sport mega-events with reference to the 2010 FIFA Soccer World CupTM which was held in South Africa. A conceptual framework to optimally leverage e-marketing opportunities related to the hosting of sport mega-events was developed from the findings of this study. Building on an in-depth analysis of the contemporary literature on this very dynamic topic, as well as key lessons learned from an analysis of international case studies, primary research was conducted before and after the 2010 FIFA Soccer World CupTM, involving key stakeholders in the event and destination marketing sphere. Based on the preceding phases, the strategic framework that was conceptualised provides parameters and guidelines for the effective utilisation of e-marketing and e-marketing tools in future sport mega-events. Furthermore, 11 critical success factors (CSFs) were determined that should be considered when developing and implementing an e-marketing strategy for mega-events. In addition to adding value to the body of knowledge in this increasingly important sphere of tourism, recommendations regarding future research in this dynamic field of study are addressed.
Do You Understand What I Mean? How Cognitive Interviewing Can Strengthen Valid, Reliable Study Instruments And Dissemination Products
Authors: Hofmeyer Anne , Sheingold Brenda Helen , Taylor Ruth 
Published: March 2016

It is now well accepted that working in research teams that span universities, jurisdictions and countries can be rewarding and economically prudent. To this end, investigators collaborate in the pursuit of knowledge to address human and societal problems and translate results into local and global contexts. This implies that investigators need to develop study instruments that are fit for purpose and strategically manage issues arising from geographical, linguistic and cultural diversity. A proven method is cognitive interviewing to pre-test the study materials to ensure clarity and relevance in the study population. This paper describes the steps taken to increase the methodological reliability of study instruments through the use of cognitive interviewing and argues this technique should be a standard step in instrument development.
Dpaper: An Authoring Tool for Extractable Digital Papers
Authors: Le Xiaoqiu , Mao Chenyu , He Yuanbiao , Fu Changlei , Xu Liyuan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Purpose
To develop a structured, rich media digital paper authoring tool with an object-based model that enables interactive, playable, and convertible functions.

Design/methodology/approach
We propose Dpaper to organize the content (text, data, rich media, etc.) of dissertation papers as XML and HTML5 files by means of digital objects and digital templates.

Findings
Dpaper provides a structured-paper editorial platform for the authors of PhDs to organize research materials and to generate various digital paper objects that are playable and reusable. The PhD papers are represented as Web pages and structured XML files, which are marked with semantic tags.

Research limitations
The proposed tool only provides access to a limited number of digital objects. For instance, the tool cannot create equations and graphs, and typesetting is not yet flexible compared to MS Word.

Practical implications
The Dpaper tool is designed to break through the patterns of unstructured content organization of traditional papers, and makes the paper accessible for not only reading but for exploitation as data, where the document can be extractable and reusable. As a result, Dpaper can make the digital publishing of dissertation texts more flexible and efficient, and their data more assessable.

Originality/value
The Dpaper tool solves the challenge of making a paper structured and object-based in the stage of authoring, and has practical values for semantic publishing.
Integration of Cumulative-Distribution-Function Mapping With Principal-Component Analysis for the History Matching of Channelized Reservoirs
Authors: Chen C.. , Gao G.. , Gelderblom P.. , Jimenez E.. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryAlthough principal-component analysis (PCA) has been widely applied to effectively reduce the number of parameters characterizing a reservoir, its disadvantages are well-recognized by researchers. First, PCA may distort the probability-distribution function (PDF) of the original model, especially for non-Gaussian properties such as facies indicator or permeability field of a fluvial reservoir. Second, it smears the boundaries between different facies. Therefore, the models reconstructed by traditional PCA are generally unacceptable.In this paper, a work flow is proposed to integrate cumulative-distribution-function (CDF) mapping with PCA (CDF/PCA) for assisted history matching on a two-facies channelized reservoir. The CDF/PCA is developed to reconstruct reservoir models by use of only a few hundred principal components. It inherits the advantage of PCA to capture the main features or trends of spatial correlations among properties, and more importantly, it can properly correct the smoothing effect of PCA. Integer variables such as facies indicators are regenerated by truncating their corresponding PCA results with thresholds that honor the fraction of each facies at first, and then real variables such as permeability and porosity are regenerated by mapping their corresponding PCA results to new values according to the CDF curves of different properties in different facies. Therefore, the models reconstructed by CDF/PCA preserve both geological (facies fraction) and geostatistical (non-Gaussian distribution with multipeaks) characteristics of their original or prior models.The CDF/PCA method is first applied to a real-field case with three facies to quantify the quality of the models reconstructed. Compared with the traditional PCA results, the integration of CDF-based mapping with PCA can significantly improve the quality of the reconstructed reservoir models. Results for the real-field case also reveal some limitations of the proposed CDF/PCA, especially when it is applied to reservoirs with three or more facies. Then, the CDF/PCA together with an effectively parallelized derivative-free optimization method is applied to history matching of a synthetic case with two facies. The geological facies, reservoir properties, and uncertainty characteristics of production forecasts of models reconstructed with CDF/PCA are well-consistent with those of the original models. Our results also demonstrate that the CDF/PCA is applicable for conditioning to both hard data and production data with minimal compromise of geological realism.
Livewire Project for Young Entrepreneurs in Basilicata Region South Italy
Authors: Baggi Ivan 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Shell LiveWIRE is a Royal Dutch Shell Social Investment Programme, which enables young people to start their own business and create employment. Shell LiveWIRE strengthens young people's career options by enabling them to switch from being an employee to becoming an employer, or making the transition from seeking employment to creating employment.
The original Shell LiveWIRE programme was launched in 1982 in the Strathclyde region of Scotland in response to the region's high level of youth unemployment. Shell LiveWIRE programmes are currently operating in 15 countries including: Italy, UK, Egypt, Oman, Brazil, Nigeria, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. Over 9.2m young entrepreneurs have benefited from Shell LiveWIRE programmes since 1982.
Recovering Business Value From Near Misses
Authors: Ritchie Norman W 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
No-loss Unplanned Events (Near Misses) present value recovery and organizational learning opportunities which can be taken advantage of only when events are reported into corporate systems, analyzed and the underlying issues resolved. This paper enumerates the moral and business drivers for actively pursuing a robust Near Miss program, from improved employee Near Miss recognition and reporting to efficient, effective and sustainable resolution of the underlying problem. Examples of business cases are included to demonstrate return on investment scenarios.
Risk Management: Typical Safety Regulator Findings in the Norwegian Petroleum Industry
Authors: Heide Bjørnar , Rasmussen Else Riis , Husebø Torleif 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Excellent risk management by the petroleum industry is a premise for the Norwegian regulatory approach. The Norwegian Petroleum Safety Authority has identified some clear trends in the industry's risk management quality in the last few years, through various revision activities. In this paper, we highlight some of the most relevant findings. We discuss what these findings mean in practice and what their importance is for safety. To our knowledge, this kind of comprehensive summary of findings through risk management revisions of the industry has not been published previously.
Predicting Toxicity for Simple Water-Based Drilling Fluids Using a Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Cortner Thomas , Trickey Erica 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Drilling fluids contain multiple components that can interact in complex ways to affect overall toxicity; the nature of these interactions is not presently well-understood. A response-surface methodology (RSM) is an empirical technique that is suited to modeling such effects using a small number of data points. A RSM was used to model the toxicity of basic water-based drilling fluids consisting of bentonite, polyanionic cellulose (PAC), and partially-hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (PHPA). Modeling was achieved by relating the 48-hour EC50 of Daphnia magna to the mass ratio of each solid component. The RSM model was able to fit the data better than the conventional concentration addition (CA) approach. Three typical drilling fluid compositions were then tested and found to be below the EC50 without dilution; this finding was consistent with predictions made by the RSM model, but in contrast to expectations based on CA. The effectiveness of the model opens opportunities for reduced testing requirements, enhanced regulatory compliance, and more accurate understanding of composition-toxicity relationships.
Functional Barrier Model - A Structured Approach To Barrier Analysis
Authors: Aggelen Alwin van 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Barrier Analysis has become a key element in managing major hazards and process safety, including and increasing attention from regulators for barriers and barrier management. In practice however the quality of the barrier analysis is often very poor and differences in understanding of barriers prevails throughout due to the lack of a good, generally accepted, barrier model and the absence of a good process for defining barriers. Typically focus has been on the equipment part of barriers (Safety Critical Elements - SCE's).
The objective of this paper is to describe a structured approach for barrier analysis based on a Functional Barrier Model to determine independent and fully functional Barriers and their barrier elements. The method as described has evolved from best practices and projects for regulators, operators and drilling contractors and provides the latest views on barriers and barrier management.
The approach focuses on the Barrier Function; why do we have this Barrier? Based on this Barrier Function an in-depth analysis of barriers is described in 4 consecutive steps; 1 Establishing Barrier Type; How the Barrier delivers its function (passive, active or procedural). 2 Identifying Primary Barrier Elements; What components are required for delivering the barrier function based on the " Sense-Decide-Act" model for a barrier to be fully functional. 3 Identifying secondary barrier elements, all measures in place to ensure that a specific barrier functions as intended and is effective. 4 Assign ownership to barriers and barrier elements.
With the use of the Functional Barrier Model it is demonstrated that the procedural part of barriers (Safety Critical Tasks) can be equally or even more important. Especially in a drilling environment, where there is a low level of automation and a high dependence on the human element, most of the barriers are a combination of equipment and human interaction instead of what is currently perceived as "hardware" barriers. Application of the Functional Barrier Model results in fewer but real barriers in which safety critical elements and safety critical tasks are included in a balanced manner.
As the use of Barriers increases the maturity of our thinking and understanding of barriers needs to increase as well. The Functional Barrier Model provides this necessary maturity and increased understanding of Barriers and forms the sound foundation that is required for good Barrier Management.
Changing Minds, Winning Hearts - Shifting a Cultural Paradigm
Authors: Jagadaseen Veallu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Amidst many challenges, construction works started on the PETRONAS LNG Train 9 Project, in Bintulu, Sarawak, East Malaysia – set to be the fastest LNG facility to be constructed in the world. A study was carried out jointly by both the Client and Contractor for the project prior to field mobilization and actual site works. The objective of the study was to identify the key challenges and develop appropriate strategies in meeting them.
It was recognized that one of the key success factors, amongst many others, in completing and delivering the project within the planned time frame successfully depended on good health, safety and environmental performance on and off the project. As such a traditional approach to managing safety may not yield the intended outcomes. The project had to develop safety culture which would endure the many challenges that it would face during the lifcycle of the construction and commissioning phase. The project needed to implement a program which would challenge the status quo whilst empowering all in the project to take ownership on matters relating to health and safety.
After much consideration, the project decided to implement the ‘incident and injury free’ program to replicate the success of Pearl GTL Project in Qatar – which had implemented the incident and injury free program resulting in an excellent safety performance which also greatly altered the traditional approach to managing health and safety – construction industry. Yet, the project was careful with its approach. It would not replicate all that was done in the Pearl GTL Project but would implement similar programs that would work for it based on its unique project demographics and other factors.
The incident and injury free approach to managing health and safety on the project took on a very personal stance. Various programs were put in place to elicit the employees’ participation on matters relating to health and safety on a personal level.
This paper discusses the programs which were implemented on the project to inculcate a positive safety culture which would subsequently drive the project HSE program in keeping all employees safe. It would would not delve into details of what an incident and injury free (IIF) program is all about as there are numerous scholarly articles already published and available to the public.
Instead, this paper describes the impacts of the various IIF programs which were implemented on the project and describes its effectiveness which was monitored through various surveys and interviews carried out by third party entities.
The positive safety culture of the project greatly enhanced the project safety performance and this led the project to win the National Council of Occupational Safety and Health (NCOSH) excellence award for the year 2015. The award is a testament to the excellent safety culture that had been developed over the life span of the project.
The Potential of Local Community Compensation for Hosting Facilities
Authors: Mors Emma ter , Groeneweg Jop 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Public acceptance is a major challenge for the siting of facilities like fracking, carbon capture and storage and wind farms. The offering of compensation to communities potentially helps to create the perception of a fairer distribution of local risks and non- local benefits. This may help to prevent or solve siting controversies. This paper will discuss insights obtained from an extensive empirical research program in The Netherlands on psychological factors that determine the effectiveness of compensation beyond showing that the project is ‘safe’ from a technical perspective. The studies show that when specific non self-evident criteria are met, the offering of host community compensation has the potential to ease the process of siting facilities. The type of compensation offered matters, e.g. contrary to what many local government authorities believe, citizens prefer compensation funds and measures to improve the local economy over monetary compensation. Also, responses to host community compensation are not a simple matter of balancing the cost-benefit aspects of the proposed developments. Social aspects play an important role, e.g. the perceived corporate social responsibility and trustworthiness of the players involved. Consultation of members of an affected community in the process of deciding about compensation is perceived as fair and communicates that the company takes their social responsibility serious. Before this project, there was little empirical research on the effectiveness of host community compensation, and very little was known about psychological factors and how compensation mechanisms work. The knowledge acquired allows project developers and governments to utilize more effective compensation strategies in complex siting projects.
Health Management Contract Guidance for Operators and Contractors
Authors: Barbey Alex , Hodgins Paul , Sharples Phil , Schunder-Tatzber Susanne , Mohammed Halim , Mika Frano , Jones Stephen , Dusadi-Isariyavong Asadang , Kostareli Artemis 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Practical guidance is presented concerning the checklist developed by the global oil and gas industry association for environmental and social issues from IPIECA and the International Association of Oil & Gas Producers (IOGP) for health management plan development and implementation that should be applied by operators and contractors during a contracting process that includes a health component.
There seems to be a gap in the operator and contractor relationship with regards to the health and hygiene responsibilities and expectations of both parties. There is no road map, user-friendly tool, or guideline to assist the operator and the contractor with regards the health and hygiene aspect of the work flow.
An effective health management system reduces or prevents health-related accidents, injuries, and illness, and, most significantly, loss of life. It can also reduce or prevent disruptions in operations. The effectiveness of the health management system in the workplace relies on active and positive collaboration among operators, contractors, and their subcontractors.
Practical guidance is presented for the development and implementation of all contracts that include a health component as determined by risk assessment. The aim is to promote transparent and effective health management communication in contracts to complement existing IOGP HSE Management – Guidelines for Working Together in a Contract Environment, Report No. 423. This current guidance covers health management system elements and requirements and examines the establishment of clearly defined roles and responsibilities among operators and contractors.
Noise and Vibration Database on Handheld Tools
Authors: Ognedal Tønnes A. , Klovning Reidulf 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
One of the main results from a project to develop best practices of interventions aimed to reduce noise-induced injuries in the Norwegian petroleum industry is a unique, publicly available, database for noise and vibrations from handheld tools. This database also includes one simple and one advanced calculator for noise and vibration exposure.
The database contains today field measurements of noise and vibrations from around 300 handheld tools and vendor data from more than 200 handheld tools. The data are sorted in activities related types of tools, for instance "sand blasting" and "grinding". These again are put together in groups of processes; the two previous activities belong to the process "Surface cleaning". Statistical calculations make it possible to present the average value and the uncertainty for each collection of data. A high uncertainty may be the result when the noise varies a lot for different ways of handling the tool. The data in the database is useful in finding the best activity type for a certain process with respect to noise and vibration. It may also be used to find specific tools with low noise and low vibration levels. Thereby it may be possible to change one chosen activity by "substitution" with a less noisy one or find the best specific tool within the same group.
The calculators picks data from the field measurements in the database or you may use you own data. A simple calculator helps you to calculate the maximum allowed working time with a chosen type of activity or tool. With the advanced calculator, you can find the noise and vibration exposure for a combination of activities, and you can add contribution from the general noise level in the area.
The database with the calculators provides much more detailed evaluations than the normally used diagram methods. In most situations, this enables more effective worktime during the day. Taking into account the real uncertainty for each situation ensures a high degree of safety against overexposure. Therefore, the database contributes to better use of resources as well as better safety against noise-induced injuries.
The main project was carried out in 2012-2014 in cooperation between the Norwegian Oil and Gas Association (on behalf of the operators on the Norwegian continental shelf), the Federation of Norwegian Industries and the major unions in the Norwegian petroleum industry, organized as a tri-partite effort. The project provided helpful tools concerning area noise, helicopter noise, noise barriers, hearing protection and knowledge about reasons for hearing damages including improved systems for audiology monitoring, and the database presented in this paper.