bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
It is the time for oceanic seabirds: Tracking year‐round distribution of gadfly petrels across the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Ramos Raül , Carlile Nicholas , Madeiros Jeremy , Ramírez Iván , Paiva Vitor H. , Dinis Herculano A. , Zino Francis , Biscoito Manuel , Leal Gustavo R. , Bugoni Leandro , Jodice Patrick G. R. , Ryan Peter G. , González‐Solís Jacob 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimAnthropogenic activities alter and constrain the structure of marine ecosystems with implications for wide‐ranging marine vertebrates. In spite of the environmental importance of vast oceanic ecosystems, most conservation efforts mainly focus on neritic areas. To identify relevant oceanic areas for conservation, we assessed the year‐round spatial distribution and spatio‐temporal overlap of eight truly oceanic seabird species of gadfly petrels (Pterodroma spp.) inhabiting the Atlantic Ocean.LocationAtlantic Ocean.MethodsUsing tracking data (mostly from geolocators), we examined year‐round distributions, the timing of life‐cycle events, and marine habitat overlap of eight gadfly petrel species that breed in the Atlantic Ocean.ResultsWe compiled 125 year‐round tracks. Movement strategies ranged from non‐migratory to long‐distance migrant species and from species sharing a common non‐breeding area to species dispersing among multiple non‐breeding sites. Gadfly petrels occurred throughout the Atlantic Ocean but tended to concentrate in subtropical regions. During the boreal summer, up to three species overlapped spatio‐temporally over a large area around the Azores archipelago. During the austral summer, up to four species coincided in a core area in subtropical waters around Cape Verde, and three species shared habitat over two distinct areas off Brazil. The petrels used many national Exclusive Economic Zones, although they also exploited offshore international waters.Main conclusionsTracking movements of highly mobile vertebrates such as gadfly petrels can provide a powerful tool to evaluate and assess the potential need for and location of protected oceanic areas. As more multispecies, year‐round data sets are collected from wide‐ranging vertebrates, researchers and managers will have greater insight into the location of biodiversity hotspots. These can subsequently inform and guide marine spatial planning efforts that account for both conservation and sustainable use of resources such as commercial fisheries.
Fossil record improves biodiversity risk assessment under future climate change scenarios
Authors: Lima‐Ribeiro Matheus S. , Moreno Ana Karolina M. , Terribile Levi C. , Caten Cléber T. , Loyola Rafael , Rangel Thiago F. , Diniz‐Filho José Alexandre F. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimConservationists have been using ecological niche modelling (ENM) to understand how climate change impacts species, estimate their extinction risk and assess species conservation status in the future. However, most ENMs are built using just current species occurrences. As short‐term observations are naturally biased and incomplete in both geographical and climate spaces, palaeontologists have recommended the use of fossil data to improve species vulnerability assessments. Here, we used a time structured data set of the jaguar Panthera onca (Linnaeus, 1758) to test the implications of fossil data on distinct distribution dynamics and conservation status predicted by ENMs under future climate change scenarios.LocationThe New World.MethodsWe built two classes of ENMs, (i) using only current occurrences of P. onca and (ii) combining current and fossil information. Models were then projected onto current and future climates.ResultsNiche models calibrated using fossil data broadly predicted more optimistic conservation statuses, with larger suitable areas for the species in the future, which are geographically nearest to its current distribution and better represented within protected areas (current network of protected areas will hold significant suitable areas).Main conclusionsFossils provided complementary information about different climate conditions that species experienced though time and filled empty spaces in currently unoccupied fundamental niche. Our analyses reinforce the idea the fossil record is a valuable source of alternative information to increase the reliability of ENMs when assessing biodiversity risk. Combining ecological and palaeontological data for niche modelling increase our understanding about species responses to changing climates. Consequently, it potentially improves our knowledge on how to manage biodiversity by more reliably anticipating the effects of climate change and proactively—rather than reactively—planning conservation actions over longer periods going forward.
Natural and anthropogenic barriers to climate tracking in river fishes along a mountain–plains transition zone
Authors: Gibson‐Reinemer Daniel K. , Rahel Frank J. , Albeke Shannon E. , Fitzpatrick Ryan M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimTo examine how the distributions of fishes in three rivers changed over four decades of rising air temperatures.LocationColorado, USA.MethodsWe used fish sampling over more than four decades in three rivers in Colorado, USA, to examine changes in the upper and lower distribution limits of fishes.ResultsThere was a divergent pattern of range shifts among species. One coldwater fish species showed the expected pattern of retraction at its lower limit and expansion at its upper limit. However, warmwater fishes, on average, did not shift their upper distribution limit.Main conclusionsAll three rivers displayed a strong habitat transition from upstream, high‐gradient reaches to downstream, low‐gradient reaches, suggesting that habitat conditions associated with high channel slope may limit the ability of some fish species to track warming water temperatures. In addition, potential anthropogenic barriers to fish movement occurred near species distribution limits, and these may prevent or delay range shifts in river fishes. The overall pattern of range shifts was consistent across the three rivers, suggesting a coherent influence of species' traits, physiological tolerances and habitat requirements on fish species distributions.
Waiving the extinction debt: Can shade from coffee prevent extinctions of epiphytic plants from isolated trees?
Authors: Hylander Kristoffer , Nemomissa Sileshi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimLocal extinction after habitat modifications is often delayed, leading to an extinction debt. Our first aim was to develop a conceptual model for natural and human‐mediated habitat improvements after a disturbance that may waive part of the predicted extinction debt. Second, we wanted to test this model on the distribution of epiphytic plants on trees that had been isolated in the agricultural matrix after forest clearing, around which coffee subsequently had been planted with a possible improvement of the microclimate.LocationBonga, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia.MethodsWe studied 50 trees that had been isolated for periods ranging from a few years to half a century after clearing. The trees were now located in the agricultural landscape at different distances from intact Afromontane forests. Fourteen trees in the forests were used as references. Each tree was inventoried for all vascular epiphytic plants, mosses and liverworts.ResultsTime since clearance had a direct negative effect on number of forest specialist species via delayed extinctions and the detected large extinction debt of both bryophytes and vascular plants continued to be paid over several decades. However, time since clearance had an indirect positive effect on number of forest indicator species via the reappearance of shade from coffee planted surrounding the trees, even if the waiving effect on the extinction debt was rather small. Additionally, trees at further distances from the forest edge had fewer forest‐associated species.Main conclusionsOur results show that the ability of agroecological landscapes to foster forest biodiversity may be overestimated if meta‐community processes over time and space are not taken into account. However, the possibility of initiating counteracting processes that modify the level of expected local extinctions should be evaluated more often to find ways of improving conditions for biodiversity in human‐modified landscapes.
Commonality in traits and hierarchical structure of vertebrate establishment success
Authors: Peoples Brandon K. , Goforth Reuben 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAimWe sought to (1) identify commonalities in functional species traits among organisms of multiple vertebrate classes introduced between Europe and North America, and (2) identify causal hierarchical structure (if any) among key mechanisms determining vertebrate establishment success.LocationEurope and North America.MethodsWe updated a portion of the dataset originally compiled by Jeschke and Strayer (2006,Global Change Biology,12, 1608) to model establishment success of 139 vertebrates (birds, mammals and bony fishes) introduced between Europe and North America. We used conditional inference trees (CITs) to classify introduced species as either failing or succeeding to become established. We then developed a conceptual hypothesis of hierarchical structure among invasion mechanisms in which species traits influence establishment success (1) directly, and (2) indirectly, by affecting propagule pressure (approximated by the number of introductions) and native range size. We evaluated this hypothesis using path analysis.ResultsConditional inference trees identifiednumber of introductionsas the most important classifier of vertebrate establishment success. Secondarily, several standardized species traits operated across taxa to predict establishment success. Likewise,number of introductionsandnative range sizewere the only direct predictors of vertebrate establishment success in path models. However, these variables were also directly affected by a suite of species traits. Species that were introduced more often had greater reproductive allocation, longer lifespans and broader diets; species with larger native range sizes had greater thermal tolerance. Cumulative indirect effects of most traits were 2–3 times stronger than direct effects of other factors.Main ConclusionsWe show that vertebrates share several traits that contribute to invasiveness across taxa. Using a hierarchical approach to quantify indirect effects of traits on establishment success accounts for existing empirical disparity regarding the relative role of traits versus other factors contributing to establishment success of introduced vertebrates.
Clinical presentation and echocardiographic diagnosis of postinfarction papillary muscle rupture: A review of 22 cases
Authors: Ternus Bradley W. , Mankad Sunil , Edwards William D. , Mankad Rekha 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundAcute myocardial infarctions (AMI) continue to be common in the United States. Mechanical complications of AMI can lead to cardiogenic shock (CS) and death. The aim of this study was to review the cases of papillary muscle ruptures in the setting of myocardial infarctions at a tertiary care center, with a focus on the clinical presentation and echocardiographic diagnosis.MethodsThis was a retrospective study from January 1, 2000 through December 31, 2014. In all, 22 patients with AMI and papillary muscle rupture (AMI‐PMR) who had surgical intervention were identified.ResultsThe average age was 70 (±11) with 16 (73%) males. Six patients presented with ST‐elevation myocardial infarctions (STEMI) and all underwent emergent revascularization with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) prior to the diagnosis of AMI‐PMR. The other 16 patients presented with a non‐STEMI. In total, 17 (77%) of the 22 patients were diagnosed with an AMI‐PMR within 7 days from their onset of symptoms. In all, 12 patients (55%) had anterolateral papillary muscle ruptures (ALPMR), and the other 10 had posteromedial papillary muscle ruptures (PMPMR). Ruptures were complete in 10 patients (45%). Patients presented with pulmonary edema early (<7 days) more commonly than late (>14 days). Transthoracic echocardiography was able to demonstrate severe mitral regurgitation in 86% and a definitive or suggestive diagnosis in 93%. All 22 patients survived to operative management, and the overall in‐hospital mortality rate was 9%.ConclusionIn conclusion, ischemic papillary muscle ruptures continue to occur, but with prompt diagnosis by echocardiography and rapid surgical management, the mortality rate continues to decline.
Cx36, Cx43 and Cx45 in mouse and rat cerebellar cortex: species‐specific expression, compensation in Cx36 null mice and co‐localization in neurons vs. glia
Authors: Nagy J. I. , Rash J. E. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractElectrical synapses formed by connexin36 (Cx36)‐containing gap junctions between interneurons in the cerebellar cortex have been well characterized, including those formed between basket cells and between Golgi cells, and there is gene reporter‐based evidence for the expression of connexin45 (Cx45) in the cerebellar molecular layer. Here, we used immunofluorescence approaches to further investigate expression patterns of Cx36 and Cx45 in this layer and to examine localization relationships of these connexins with each other and with glial connexin43 (Cx43). In mice, strain differences were found, such that punctate labelling for Cx36 was differentially distributed in the molecular layer of C57BL/6 vs. CD1 mice. In mice with EGFP reporter representing Cx36 expression, Cx36‐puncta were localized to processes of stellate cells and other cerebellar interneurons. Punctate labelling of Cx45 was faint in the molecular layer of wild‐type mice and was increased in intensity in mice with Cx36 gene ablation. The vast majority of Cx36‐puncta co‐localized with Cx45‐puncta, which in turn was associated with the scaffolding protein zonula occludens‐1. In rats, Cx45‐puncta were also co‐localized with Cx36‐puncta and additionally occurred along Bergmann glial processes adjacent to Cx43‐puncta. The results indicate strain and species differences in Cx36 as well as Cx45 expression, possible compensatory processes after loss of Cx36 expression and localization of Cx45 to both neuronal and Bergmann glial gap junctions. Further, expression of both Cx43 and Cx45 in Bergmann glia of rat may contribute to the complex properties of junctional coupling between these cells and perhaps to their reported coupling with Purkinje cells.
Humic acid adsorption and its role in colloidal‐scale aggregation determined with the zeta potential, surface free energy and the extended‐DLVOtheory
Authors: Calero J. , Ontiveros‐Ortega A. , Aranda V. , Plaza I. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThe effect of colloidal forces involved in the adsorption of commercial humic acids (HAs) and particle cohesion was studied in the soil of an organic olive grove with the extendedDerjaguin,Landau,Verwey andOverbeek (extended‐DLVO) theory. Total interaction energy was determined from the zeta potential (ζ) and surface free energy, measured under different experimental conditions [natural and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) organic matter‐free mineral surfaces]. The soil was clayey, dominated by illite and vermiculite. It showed electron‐donor behaviour, with negatively charged surfaces and zeta potential < 0 mV. DecreasingmVin the zeta potential,ζ, curves and electron‐donor component,γ–, when addingHAto natural surfaces showed effectiveHAadsorption, but only when soil organic matter had not been removed previously. Isotherms confirmed adsorption by natural soil (> 2.5 mg C g−1). Because the isotherms showed no relation with temperature, adsorption would be better attributed to weak physical interactions. On natural surfaces withHA, soil particle attraction forces increased slightly (≈50kT) through decreasing soil wettability. However, this effect on total surface energy was overcome largely by increasing electrostatic repulsive energy caused by the adsorption of negatively chargedHA(> 300 kT). TheDLVO‐extended model showed that natural surfaces withoutH2O2treatment or addedHAseem to be the most favourable state for colloidal aggregate stability. We recommend some caution about the type and quality of organic matter added to increase organic carbon in soil.HighlightsWe applied the extendedDLVOmodel to study humic acid adsorption and its effects on soil structure.Adsorption on soil surfaces with their natural organic matter was mostly by weak physical forces.Adsorption increased the total particle interaction energy through an increase in electrostatic repulsion.Adsorption of some types of organic matter might decrease the colloidal stability of aggregates.
Treatment Efficacy of Multiple Family Therapy for Chinese Families of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Authors: Ma Joyce L. C. , Lai Kelly Y. C. , Xia Lily Li Li 
Published: May 2017

The treatment efficacy of multiple family therapy (MFT) for Chinese families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has not been studied in the past. In this paper, the effect of MFT on different aspects of the lives of the parents in the experimental group (n = 61) was compared with the effect of only the psychoeducational talks on parents in the control group (n = 53). The results of a MANOVA have shown that by the time they reached the posttreatment phase, the parents who had completed the full 42 hours of the MFT program perceived their children's ADHD symptoms as being less serious and less pathological than they had originally thought compared to the parents in the control group. The effect of MFT on parent–child relationships, parenting stress, parental efficacy, hope, and perceived social support was statistically insignificant. Contributions and limitations of our study are discussed.
Short‐term acclimation to warmer temperatures accelerates leaf carbon exchange processes across plant types
Authors: Smith Nicholas G. , Dukes Jeffrey S. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWhile temperature responses of photosynthesis and plant respiration are known to acclimate over time in many species, few studies have been designed to directly compare process‐level differences in acclimation capacity among plant types. We assessed short‐term (7 day) temperature acclimation of the maximum rate of Rubisco carboxylation (Vcmax), the maximum rate of electron transport (Jmax), the maximum rate of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase carboxylation (Vpmax), and foliar dark respiration (Rd) in 22 plant species that varied in lifespan (annual and perennial), photosynthetic pathway (C3 and C4), and climate of origin (tropical and nontropical) grown under fertilized, well‐watered conditions. In general, acclimation to warmer temperatures increased the rate of each process. The relative increase in different photosynthetic processes varied by plant type, with C3 species tending to preferentially accelerate CO2‐limited photosynthetic processes and respiration and C4 species tending to preferentially accelerate light‐limited photosynthetic processes under warmer conditions. Rd acclimation to warmer temperatures caused a reduction in temperature sensitivity that resulted in slower rates at high leaf temperatures. Rd acclimation was similar across plant types. These results suggest that temperature acclimation of the biochemical processes that underlie plant carbon exchange is common across different plant types, but that acclimation to warmer temperatures tends to have a relatively greater positive effect on the processes most limiting to carbon assimilation, which differ by plant type. The acclimation responses observed here suggest that warmer conditions should lead to increased rates of carbon assimilation when water and nutrients are not limiting.
Reconciling patient and provider priorities for improving the care of critically ill patients: A consensus method and qualitative analysis of decision making
Authors: McKenzie Emily , Potestio Melissa L. , Boyd Jamie M. , Niven Daniel J. , Brundin‐Mather Rebecca , Bagshaw Sean M. , Stelfox Henry T. ,   the Improving Daily Care in the ICU Panel
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundProviders have traditionally established priorities for quality improvement; however, patients and their family members have recently become involved in priority setting. Little is known about how to reconcile priorities of different stakeholder groups into a single prioritized list that is actionable for organizations.ObjectiveTo describe the decision‐making process for establishing consensus used by a diverse panel of stakeholders to reconcile two sets of quality improvement priorities (provider/decision maker priorities n=9; patient/family priorities n=19) into a single prioritized list.DesignWe employed a modified Delphi process with a diverse group of panellists to reconcile priorities for improving care of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Proceedings were audio‐recorded, transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis to explore the decision‐making process for establishing consensus.Setting and participantsNine panellists including three providers, three decision makers and three family members of previously critically ill patients.ResultsPanellists rated and revised 28 priorities over three rounds of review and reached consensus on the “Top 5” priorities for quality improvement: transition of patient care from ICU to hospital ward; family presence and effective communication; delirium screening and management; early mobilization; and transition of patient care between ICU providers. Four themes were identified as important for establishing consensus: storytelling (sharing personal experiences), amalgamating priorities (negotiating priority scope), considering evaluation criteria and having a priority champion.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating families of patients into a multistakeholder prioritization exercise. The approach described can be used to guide consensus building and reconcile priorities of diverse stakeholder groups.