bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REVIEW : PROFIL HYBRID MEMBRANE DALAM PROSES REDUKSI AIR LIMBAH
Authors: Kurniawan Ian , Mariadi Pra Dian 
Published: August 2017

Frekuensi penggunaan air sangat tinggi seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi dan pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk. Peningkatan standar hidup manusia yang semakin tinggi menimbulkan permasalahan lingkungan terkait dengan kualitas air akibat bahan kimia, nutrisi, lindi, tumpahan minyak, pembuangan limbah bahan berbahaya, serta penggunaan bahan dispossable dan non-biodegradable. Perkembangan sumber daya teknologi menghasilkan suatu revolusi sehingga menghasilkan lebih banyak bahan dan senyawa kimia. sejumlah senyawa yang diidentifikasi memiliki ancaman potensial terhadap organisme lingkungan hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi teknik pengolahan air limbah dengan menggabungkan dua sifat membran dalam mereduksi air limbah. Metode yang digunakan adalah review dari beberapa sumber pustaka dengan melakukan studi literatur terdahulu terhadap beberapa penelitian yang pernah dilakukan. Kesimpulan dari penelitian menghasilkan bahwa teknologi membran sebagai salah satu instalasi unit pengolahan limbah perkembangan dan kemajuannya sangat menjanjikan dan banyak dilakukan dalam proses dengan prinsip pemisahan dan pemurnian air. Teknologi membran bisa menjadi solusi dalam pengolahan air limbah, seiring dengan perkembangannya membran dapat dikombinasikan (Hybrid Process) dengan menggunakan berbagai jenis membrane yaitu Ultrafiltrasi, Mikrofiltrasi, Nanofiltrasi dan Reverse Osmosis, akan tetapi harus diperhatikan kondisi operasional dari proses tersebut. Kata kunci: air limbah, hybrid membrane, reduksi
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI NAOH TERHADAP RENDEMEN &beta;-NAFTOL PADA PROSES PEMBUATAN -NAFTOL
Authors: Purnawan Irfan , Sugono Sugono 
Published: August 2017

Warna memiliki peran penting dalam memberikan daya tarik terhadap suatu produk, sehingga penggunaan zat pewarna baik yang alami maupun sintesis menjadi kebutuhan yang tidak dapat dihindarkan. β-naphtol merupakan salah satu zat pewarna sintesis yang biasa digunakan sebagai zat pewarna pakaian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari pengaruh konsentrasi Natrium Hidroksida terhadap rendemen β-naphtol. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sulfonasi. Naftalen direaksikan dengan H2SO4 dan dipanaskan hingga suhu 170oC, lalu ditambahkan soda abu dengan mempertahankan suhunya dan didiamkan hingga tercapai suhu ruangan. Kemudian ditambahkan larutan lime dan disaring. Filtrat merupakan kristal sodium naftalena sulfat yang selanjutnya ditambahkan larutan NaOH, dipanaskan hingga suhu 300oC dan didinginkan hingga suhu ruangan. Selanjutnya diencerkan dengan air panas dan diteteskan HCl pekat berlebih, maka akan terbentuk endapan kristal β-naphtol yang dapat ditimbang beratnya. Hasil penelitian didapat konsentrasi NaOH terbaik yaitu 1,25 mol dengan persamaan y = 9,9737X + 81,905 dan R2 = 0,8519. Kesimpulan yang didapat adalah semakin tinggi konsentrasi NaOH, memberikan rendemen β-naphtol yang semakin tinggi juga hingga konsentrasi sebesar 1,25 mol. Namun setelah konsentrasi NaOH dinaikan ke 1,5 mol, rendemen mengalami penurunan. Kata kunci: naphtol, rendemen, pewarna alami, sintesis
PENGARUH KONSENTRASI PELARUT (n-HEKSANA) TERHADAP RENDEMEN HASIL EKSTRAKSI MINYAK BIJI ALPUKAT UNTUK PEMBUATAN KRIM PELEMBAB KULIT
Authors: Utomo Suratmin 
Published: August 2017

Salah satu upaya pemanfaatan limbah buah alpukat adalah dengan mengekstraksi minyak yang terkandung dalam bijih alpukat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan pemanfaatan limbah bijih alpukat sekaligus menjadikan bahan tersebut memiliki nilai ekonmi mengetahui konsentrasi terbaik/optimum pelarut n-hexana pada proses ekatraksi untuk mendapatkan minyak dari biji alpukat. Bahan penelitian adalah biji alpukat sedang sebagai ekstraktor adalah n-heksana dan metode yang digunakan ekstraksi soklet. Variabel bebas dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi ekstraktor dan variabel terikat adalah rendemen mimyak yang diperoleh dari bijih alpukat. Penelitian dilakukan pada temperatur 70oC, waktu ekstraksi 4 jam dengan variasi konsentrasi n-heksana: 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100%. Adapun hasil yang peroleh menunjukkan bahwa pada konsentrasi 100% dapat menghasilkan rendemen minyak dari bijih alpukat sebesar 34,63% dan merupakan rendemen terbesar jika dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi lainnya. Hubungan antara variabel konsentrasi (x) terhadap perolehan rendemen minyak dinyatakan dengan persamaan y = -37,88 + 0,664 x dengan R2 = 0,962. Krim yang dibuat dari minyak biji alpukat yang dihasilkan dari hasil analisa telah memenuhi pasar dan standar SNI yaitu: memperoleh nilai pH 6,52 dan nilai pH di pasaran 7,6 sedangkan standar SNI pH = 4,5 – 8,0; viskositas krim biji alpukat yaitu 25000 cp dan krim body lotion di pasaran 5300 cp sedangkan standar SNI 2000 – 50000 cp serta untuk kadar air krim biji alpukat sebesar 77% dan body lotion di pasaran 80% sedangkan standar yaitu 70–90%. Hasil minyak biji alpukat diaplikasikan dalam bentuk sediaan krim tipe o/w. Kata kunci : ekstraksi, krim, minyak biji alpukat, n-heksana, rendemen
Peranan Bahasa Dalam Berkesenian: Pemberdayaan Lirik Lagu sebagai Sarana Pembentukan Karakter Bangsa
Authors: Nuri Nurhaida 
Published: August 2017

Language has important role in supporting the activities of art of music.This support can be seen from the lyrics composing the song. Language is used as the media to express the artisticness of the music.The harmonious esthetical lyrics with the rhyme give certain meaning to the music lovers. Without proper lyrics, the music composed will lose their soul, except instrumentalities which have no lyrics. The language in this lyric is categorized as literary words because it is ambiguous and full of expression. This kind of language may be used for several purposes, like persuading, to unite, to separate, and to provoke. Though the language is guaranteed by poetical license, as the literary work, such language is supposed to fulfill the esthetical aspects reflected in the intrinsic and extrinsic ones. As the lyric composer, a musician is bound the values and the social- ideology in society. No matter how, the lyric composer is part of the society. So, what happens in the society is part of his experience. The Indonesian proficiency as the media to express lyrics in Indonesian popular songs is undoubted. However, the quality is questioned. This worry comes up due to many lyrics-vulgarly expressed impacts negatively to the developing of national character. The success on building the character can be used through the role of Indonesian language, the model, especially the artists and musicians. They are forced to use the distinctive language bearing the character of honesty, politeness, and responsibility.
Wujud Kesantunan Berbahasa Mahasiswa Terhadap Dosen di STAIN Kendari: Kajian Sosiopragmatik
Authors: Gunawan Fahmi 
Published: August 2017

This article aims at describing the forms of politeness of the STAIN Kendari's students and their lecturers in interaction. The data are any utterances uttered in campus by using descriptive-qualitative approach, it is a found that the students use some kinds of modes in implementing politeness. They are declarative and interogative sentence to express the politeness and imperetive for impoliteness. Besides, the use of complete sentence with commonly chronological order is indicating the politeness. The less complete sentence with inverisive order reflects the impoliteness.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Terminal Kargo Bandara Dengan Jaringan Probabilistik
Authors: Anwar Fadrinsyah 
Published: August 2017

Pengukuran kualitas pelayanan di bandara dapat memberikan banyak masukan penting bagi manajemen bandara terutama dalam menentukan strategi pengelolaan bandara yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan kausal faktor-faktor yang diasumsikan dapat mempengaruhi proses pelayanan di terminal kargo. Model hubungan kausal dibangun berdasarkan persepsi kepuasan pengguna jasa terhadap kinerja fasilitas, kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM), dan kinerja pelayanan di terminal kargo bandara. Pengembangan model hubungan kausal menggunakan metode jaringan probabilistik. Hasil analisis pada kasus terminal kargo Bandara Juanda - Surabaya menunjukkan bahwa peningkatan kinerja fasilitas dan kinerja SDM dapat meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan di terminal kargo. Adapun faktor-faktor penting yang mempengaruhi peningkatan kinerja PELAYANAN adalah fasilitas penyimpanan barang, kelengkapan atau ketersediaan peralatan penanganan barang di apron, dan keterampilan kerja dan pengetahuan petugas terminal kargo.
[Quality Analysis of Cargo Terminal Services Using Probabilistic Networks] Service quality measurement at the airport can give a lot of essential input for the airport management, especially in determining the appropriate airport management strategy. This study aims to assess the causal relationship of several factors that are assumed may affect the service process at the cargo terminal. The causal relationship model is built on the perception of the service user satisfaction on the performance of the facilities, the performance of Human Resources (HR), and the performance of services at the airport cargo terminal. Thedevelopment of causal relationship model using probabilistic networks. The analysis results on the case of cargo terminal of Juanda Airport in Surabaya show that the performance improvement of facilities and HR can improve the performance of services in the cargo terminal. Furthermore, the important factors that affect the performance improvement of SERVICES arethe storage facilities, the availability of handling equipment in apron, and the skill and knowledge of the officer in the cargo terminal.
Book review: Francesco Pastore, The Youth Experience Gap. Explaining National Differences in the School-to-work Transition
Authors: PAŞNICU Daniela 
Published: August 2017

Francesco Pastore is qualified as full professor of Economic Policy. Currently, he is Assistant Professor of Economics at Seconda Universita di Napoli. He is also secretary of the Italian Association of Labor Economics (AIEL) and a member of the executive board of the Italian Association of Comparative Economic Studies (AISSEC). His main research interests are in labor and education economics. He is also interested in development and transition economics. He has contributed extensively in several such fields as regional unemployment differentials, school-to-work transitions, labor market dynamics, gender discrimination, human capital investment, public employment services and passive as well as active labor market policy, labor market consequences of international trade and nonprofit organization.
Towards 2030 and more: Designing a sustainable Future
Authors: Costea Carmen , Mihoreanu Larisa , Stefanescu Alexandru , Vasile Adrian 
Published: August 2017

Global development is not only a strategy, a practice, or a process. It is also a perception linked to mental constructs and desiderates a place to reinvent living and doing business. No matter the topic of it – social, economic, environmental, the single approach will never be enough.Changes in global development issue aggressive challenges of competition and uncertainty for market, society and individuals at a local level which impact more widely than expected described by complex systems science as the “butterfly flapping” effect influencing development in all its dimensions. The change comes along with opportunities, risks and challenges, which influence both life and work.In the present paper, we combat the myth of “no choice” policy and sustain the recovery of the fundamental values by exploring new approaches to the relationship between governments, markets, society and environment.
PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT AT THE ORGANIZATIONAL LEVEL
Authors: Terracciano Nicola 
Published: August 2017

Performance management is „a strategic and integrated approach to delivering sustained succes to organizations, by improving the performance of the people who working in them, and by developing the capabilities of teams and individual contributions” [1]. At the same time, it is a systematic approach of the human resource management, in general, and of the performance assessment, in particular, using goals, performance, appreciation and feedback as a means of motivating the employees to understand and to fully exploit their creative potential to achieve the organizational goals. [1] Armstrong M. and Baron D., Relating Competencies to Pay: The UK Experience, Compensation and Benefits Review, May-June, 1998, pp. 28 – 39;
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, A single Surgeon experience at Teaching Hospital Biratnagar, Nepal
Authors: Koirala Ashok , Thakur Dipendra , Agrawal Sunit , Pathak Kamal Raj , Bhattarai Manoj , Sharma Abhilasha 
Published: August 2017

Background :Laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is a treatment of choice for symptomatic gall stone disease and is commonly done all over the country in general surgical practice. The aim of this study is to show the results of LC in our medical college.Material and Methods: A retrospective analysis of the patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy from July 2015 to September 2016 was carried out in NMCTH, Biratnagar. A total of 391 patients admitted through OPD of our Hospital underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy were studied. All age groups and both sex were included.Results: Out of 391 patients with symptomatic cholelithiasis, 385(98.46%) patients underwent successful laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Age range of patients in the study varied between 12-84 years and maximum patients (30.69%) were found in the age group of 31-40 years. There were 333(82.58%) female and 58(17.41%)male patients. Mean age of the patients was 39.61 years. Indication for surgery was symptomatic cholelithiasis. Conversion was done in 6(1.53%) cases due to unclear anatomy. A rare congenital anomaly, Accessory right hepatic duct with cystic duct continuous with it was encountered in 12-yearboy; LC was done safely without injuring biliary tree. As postoperative complications, one patient developed biliary peritonitis which was managed by drainage tube.Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is successfully being done for last 5 years in our institute. The results are comparable with those of published series. Anatomical variations and complications may present, for which care must be taken. Journal of Nobel Medical CollegeVolume 6, Number 1, Issue 10 (January-June, 2017), page: 1-5
Continuous cooling transformation behavior and the kinetics of bainite formation in a bainitic–martensitic steel
Authors: Shahriari Babak , Vafaei Reza , Sharifi Ehsan Mohammad , Farmanesh Khosro 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The continuous cooling transformation diagram of a low carbon bainitic–martensitic steel was constructed using dilatometry and metallographic methods. It was found that as cooling rate increases, the structure changes from granular bainite to lath martensite. Three regions of different kinetic behavior were discerned for the bainitic–martensitic steel. One of the regions conformed to martensite formation and the other two comprised transformation to bainite. A non-isothermal type of Johnson–Mehl–Avrami–Kolmogorov kinetic equation of reaction rate was used to analyze the transformation behavior during continuous cooling of bainite formation. The Avrami exponent and activation energy values for different regions at cooling rates of 0.1 and 0.4 K s−1 varied from 1.5 to 4.7 and 71 to 84 kJ mol–1 respectively. Models obtained from such kinetic coefficients closely corresponded to experimental results.
Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy through the corner of a deep cup-shaped forged part
Authors: Jiang Shan , Chen Shanyong , Ni Haitao , Wu Taibin , Zhang Tiejun , Wang Mingguang 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Deep cup-shaped parts were forged at 723 K from Mg-3Al-1Zn alloy extruded rods. The obtained microstructure, texture, and mechanical properties were examined by optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electron backscattered diffraction, and compression testing. Results indicate that the evolution of the microstructure and mechanical properties of the alloy can be divided into 2 distinct stages by the corner. For all tested specimens, the narrowest elongated grains, finest dynamic recrystallized grains, and strongest intensity of texture were obtained at the corner. Distinct differences in mechanical properties were presented both between the testing directions and among the tested locations. For the specimens tested in the same direction, yield strength increased with the texture flow. This result is consistent with the fraction of deformed grains but not with the variation in grain size or texture intensity.
Effects of oxidation time on corrosion resistance of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on magnesium alloy
Authors: Zhuang Junjie , Song Renguo , Xiang Nan , Lu Junpeng , Xiong Ying 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) technique was used to coat AZ31 magnesium alloy in a phosphate-based electrolyte. Effects of oxidation time on the morphology, phase structure, and corrosion resistance of the ceramic coatings were systematically investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy testing. The main components of the resulting coatings were MgO, MgF2 and t-ZrO2. It was also found that there was a significant influence of the oxidation time on the corrosion resistance of the coatings. The coating obtained under the oxidation time of 10 min exhibited a corrosion current of 3.89 × 10−6 A cm−2 in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, which was a significant decrease compared with the uncoated magnesium alloy. The results of the corrosion tests indicated that the PEO coating formed at 10 min demonstrates a higher corrosion resistance compared to the samples formed at 5, 15 and 20 min.
The ontogenetic bases for variation in ovary position in Melastomataceae
Authors: Basso‐Alves João Paulo , Goldenberg Renato , Teixeira Simone Pádua 
Published: August 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Although the ovary position is considered a stable character in angiosperms, Melastomataceae species have perigynous flowers in which the ovary varies from superior to inferior. Thus, we investigated the ontogenetic process involved in variation of the ovary position in Melastomataceae. We focused on histogenesis of the floral apex in search of developmental patterns for each type of ovary position.METHODS:Six species in which the ovary varies from superior to inferior were chosen: Henriettea saldanhae, Leandra melastomoides, Miconia dodecandra, Microlicia euphorbioides, Rhynchanthera grandiflora, and Tibouchina clinopodifolia. Buds and flowers were processed for surface and histological examinations.KEY RESULTS:The floral apex changes from convex to concave, resulting in a perigynous hypanthium. Cell divisions in the margins of the floral apex form an annular intercalary meristem that elevates the base of the primordia of almost all whorls. The joint growth of the carpel base with the gynoecial hypanthium originates semi‐inferior ovaries in Leandra melastomoides, Miconia dodecandra, and Tibouchina clinopodifolia and inferior ovaries in Henriettea saldanhae. In Microlicia euphorbioides and Rhynchanthera grandiflora, the carpels are not affected by this hypanthial growth; flowers have a superior ovary.CONCLUSIONS:Changes in ovary position of Melastomataceae are due to intercalary meristematic activity, which is one of the main mechanisms for the origin of morphological innovations among plants. Our data illustrate the importance of the intercalary meristems in floral development, and we discuss the implications of this ontogenetic model for understanding the evolution of ovary position in Melastomataceae.
Astrometric Constraints on the Masses of Long-period Gas Giant Planets in the TRAPPIST-1 Planetary System
Authors: Boss Alan P. , Weinberger Alycia J. , Keiser Sandra A. , Astraatmadja Tri L. , Anglada-Escude Guillem , Thompson Ian B. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Transit photometry of the M8V dwarf star TRAPPIST-1 (2MASS J23062928-0502285) has revealed the presence of at least seven planets with masses and radii similar to that of Earth, orbiting at distances that might allow liquid water to be present on their surfaces. We have been following TRAPPIST-1 since 2011 with the CAPSCam astrometric camera on the 2.5 m du Pont telescope at the Las Campanas Observatory in Chile. In 2016, we noted that TRAPPIST-1 lies slightly farther away than previously thought, at 12.49 pc, rather than 12.1 pc. Here, we examine 15 epochs of CAPSCam observations of TRAPPIST-1, spanning the five years from 2011 to 2016, and obtain a revised trigonometric distance of 12.56 ± 0.12 pc. The astrometric data analysis pipeline shows no evidence for a long-period astrometric wobble of TRAPPIST-1. After proper motion and parallax are removed, residuals at the level of ±1.3 mas remain. The amplitude of these residuals constrains the masses of any long-period gas giant planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system: no planet more massive than ∼4.6 M
Jup orbits with a 1 year period, and no planet more massive than ∼1.6 M
Jup orbits with a 5 year period. Further refinement of the CAPSCam data analysis pipeline, combined with continued CAPSCam observations, should either detect any long-period planets, or put an even tighter constraint on these mass upper limits.
Properties of the Closest Young Binaries. I. DF Tau’s Unequal Circumstellar Disk Evolution
Authors: Allen T. S. , Prato L. , Wright-Garba N. , Schaefer G. , Biddle L. I. , Skiff B. , Avilez I. , Muzzio R. , Simon M. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We present high-resolution, spatially resolved, near-infrared spectroscopy and imaging of the two components of DF Tau, a young, low-mass, visual binary in the Taurus star-forming region. With these data, we provide a more precise orbital solution for the system, determine component spectral types, radial velocity, veiling and

values, and construct individual spectral energy distributions. We estimate the masses of both stars to be

. We find markedly different circumstellar properties for DF Tau A and B: evidence for a disk, such as near-infrared excess and accretion signatures, is clearly present for the primary, while it is absent for the secondary. Additionally, the

and rotation period measurements show that the secondary is rotating significantly more rapidly than the primary. We interpret these results in the framework of disk-locking and argue that DF Tau A is an example of disk-modulated rotation in a young system. The DF Tau system raises fundamental questions about our assumptions of universal disk formation and evolution.
Second-order Cosmological Perturbations Engendered by Point-like Masses
Authors: Brilenkov Ruslan , Eingorn Maxim 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
In the ΛCDM framework, presenting nonrelativistic matter inhomogeneities as discrete massive particles, we develop the second‐order cosmological perturbation theory. Our approach relies on the weak gravitational field limit. The derived equations for the second‐order scalar, vector, and tensor metric corrections are suitable at arbitrary distances, including regions with nonlinear contrasts of the matter density. We thoroughly verify fulfillment of all Einstein equations, as well as self‐consistency of order assignments. In addition, we achieve logical positive results in the Minkowski background limit. Feasible investigations of the cosmological back-reaction manifestations by means of relativistic simulations are also outlined.