bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Spatially Uniform Spectrum of the Fermi Bubbles: The Leptonic Active Galactic Nucleus Jet Scenario
Authors: Yang H.-Y. K. , Ruszkowski M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The Fermi bubbles are among the most important findings of the
Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope; however, their origin is still elusive. One of the unique features of the bubbles is that their gamma-ray spectrum, including a high-energy cutoff at ∼110 GeV and the overall shape of the spectrum, is nearly spatially uniform. The high-energy spectral cutoff is suggestive of a leptonic origin due to synchrotron and inverse-Compton cooling of cosmic-ray (CR) electrons; however, even for a leptonic model, it is not obvious why the spectrum should be spatially uniform. In this work, we investigate the bubble formation in the leptonic active galactic nucleus (AGN) jet scenario using a new CRSPEC module in FLASH that allows us to track the evolution of a CR spectrum during the simulations. We show that the high-energy cutoff is caused by fast electron cooling near the Galactic center (GC) when the jets were launched. Afterwards, the dynamical timescale becomes the shortest among all relevant timescales, and therefore the spectrum is essentially advected with only mild cooling losses. This could explain why the bubble spectrum is nearly spatially uniform: the CRs from different parts of the bubbles as seen today all share the same origin near the GC at an early stage of the bubble expansion. We find that the predicted CR spatial and spectral distribution can simultaneously match the normalization, spectral shape, and high-energy cutoff of the observed gamma-ray spectrum and their spatial uniformity, suggesting that past AGN jet activity is a likely mechanism for the formation of the Fermi bubbles.
Time and Factors Affecting the Direction of Re-drift in Essential Infantile Esotropia
Authors: Na Kun-Hoo , Cho Yoonae A. , Kim Seung-Hyun 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
To investigate the development pattern and related factors of postoperative re-drift in infantile esotropia.

Methods:
A total of 112 patients with infantile esotropia who underwent surgery before 3 years of age were included. Surgical outcomes were divided into (1) consecutive exotropia: more than 8 prism diopters (PD) of exodeviation; (2) recurrent esotropia: more than 8 PD of esodeviation; and (3) monofixation syndrome: maintenance of deviations within 8 PD. The occurrence rate, time of onset, and associated factors of the re-drift were evaluated.

Results:

At a mean follow-up of 9.5 years, consecutive exotropia developed in 37 patients (33.0%) and recurrent esotropia in 43 patients (38.4%). Whereas 76.7% of total recurrent esotropia cases were identified within postoperative 1 year, consecutive exotropia occurred constantly over 10 years postoperatively. The mean time to consecutive exotropia development from surgery was 78.6 months, greater than that of recurrent esotropia development (8.9 months) (
P
< 0.001). In multinomial logistic regression using monofixation syndrome as the reference category, fixation preference before surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 6.64, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.07 to 21.32) and the rate of myopic progression (OR: 15.07 per −1.00 D/year, 95% CI: 1.23 to 184.86) were associated with consecutive exotropia, whereas increase in the angle of esodeviation on postoperative day 1 (OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04 to 1.26) was correlated with recurrent esotropia.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates a difference between the development pattern of exotropic and esotropic drift after infantile esotropia surgery. Detailed preoperative assessment and close postoperative observation of deviations and refractive status will help to determine surgical outcomes of infantile esotropia.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus
. 2018;55(2):93–99.]
Practice Patterns in the Management of Amblyopia: A Survey Study
Authors: Laplant Jacquelyn , Vagge Aldo , Nelson Leonard B. 
Published: November 2017

Purpose:
To characterize current practice preferences of pediatric ophthalmologists in the management of amblyopia and whether these are influenced by demographic variables.

Methods:
A 10-question survey was distributed to all pediatric ophthalmologists and fellows attending the Annual Joseph H. Calhoun Pediatric Ophthalmology Forum at Wills Eye Hospital in 2016. The questionnaire consisted of demographic information and clinical management of amblyopia using clinical scenarios commonly encountered in pediatric ophthalmology practice.

Results:

Of the 133 pediatric ophthalmologists who attended, 74 completed the survey, all of which were included in the data analysis. Seventy-six percent of respondents prescribed refractive correction to a 3 year old with untreated anisometropic amblyopia prior to initiating occlusion therapy. For a child with coexisting exotropia, 57% recommended refractive and occlusion therapy until significant visual improvement, then surgery; however, 30% would perform surgery earlier. Fifty-seven percent stopped occlusion therapy at 10 years of age or older. Sixty-four percent estimated a patient patching compliance rate of 50% to 75%. There was no significant relationship (
P
< .05) between any of the demographic variables, indicating that no group was more or less likely to respond to the question in any way.

Conclusions:
This study highlights the lack of a unified approach to certain aspects of amblyopia management. Physician-related demographic variables did not significantly affect clinical decision-making; however, variation did exist among respondents, a finding that warrants further investigation.

[
J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.
2018;55(2):100–106.]
An Explicit Computation of the Blanchfield Pairing for Arbitrary Links
Authors: Conway Anthony 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGiven a linkL, the Blanchfield pairing Bl(L) is a pairing that is defined on the torsion submodule of the Alexander module ofL. In some particular cases, namely ifLis a boundary link or if the Alexander module ofLis torsion, Bl(L) can be computed explicitly; however no formula is known in general. In this article, we compute the Blanchfield pairing of any link, generalizing the aforementioned results. As a corollary, we obtain a new proof that the Blanchûeld pairing is Hermitian. Finally, we also obtain short proofs of several properties of Bl(L).
Towards better: A motivated introduction to better-quasi-orders
Authors: Pequignot Yann 
Published: November 2017

The well-quasi-orders (WQO) play an important role in various fields such as Computer Science, Logic or Graph Theory. Since the class of WQOs lacks closure under some important operations, the proof that a certain quasi-order is WQO consists often of proving it enjoys a stronger and more complicated property, namely that of being a better-quasi-order (BQO).
Several articles — notably [5, 9–11, 14, 22] — contain valuable introductory material to the theory of BQOs. However, a textbook entitled “Introduction to better-quasi-order theory” is yet to be written. Here is an attempt to give a motivated and self-contained introduction to the deep concept defined by Nash-Williams that we would expect to find in such a textbook.
Docencia universitaria 2.0. Efectos de la Web 2.0 en la docencia universitaria como objeto de estudio de las revistas españolas de comunicación
Authors: Costa-Sánchez Carmen , Rodríguez-Vázquez Ana Isabel , Direito-Rebollal Sabela 
Published: November 2017

La eclosión de la llamada Web 2.0 ha modificado sustancialmente las formas de comunicación y la formación en dicho ámbito también debe tener presente el nuevo entorno. El presente trabajo realiza un análisis de la investigación sobre docencia universitaria y social media en el período 2010-2015. Metodología. Se han recopilado todos los artículos publicados en las revistas de comunicación españolas indexadas en Scopus que abordan el fenómeno. Se pretende averiguar el peso de la temática en la agenda de investigación de los últimos años, así como sintetizar las áreas de conocimiento, el ámbito de aplicación, la evolución temporal, las metodologías, las herramientas y los principales resultados y conclusiones de dichos estudios. A nivel metodológico se ha empleado el análisis de contenido para profundizar en lo que se ha teorizado y analizado empíricamente. Se han revisado 2344 artículos de los que 103 se han configurado como muestra de estudio. Resultados y conclusiones. El trabajo concluye que resulta un tema de interés creciente para los docentes de distintas áreas de conocimiento, que se están desarrollando iniciativas de docencia 2.0 especialmente en los estudios de grado de Periodismo y que se abrazan con más optimismo que perspectiva crítica las potencialidades tecnológicas de la llamada Web participativa.
Bertolt Brecht
Authors: Parker Stephen 
Published: November 2017

This first English language biography of Bertolt Brecht (1898–1956) in two decades paints a strikingly new picture of one of the twentieth century’s most controversial cultural icons.
Drawing on letters, diaries and unpublished material, including Brecht’s medical records, Parker offers a rich and enthralling account of Brecht’s life and work, viewed through the prism of the artist. Tracing his extraordinary life, from his formative years in Augsburg, through the First World War, his politicisation during the Weimar Republic and his years of exile, up to the Berliner Ensemble’s dazzling productions in Paris and London, Parker shows how Brecht achieved his transformative effect upon world theatre and poetry.
Bertolt Brecht: A Literary Life is a powerful portrait of a great, compulsively contradictory personality, whose artistry left its lasting imprint on modern culture.
Edgar The Playwright
Authors: Painter Susan 
Published: November 2017

“The best review I’ve ever had was when Michael Billington said, ‘like Balzac, David Edgar seems to be a secretary for our times’...I’d like to be a secretary for the times through which I’m living.” (David Edgar)
David Edgar is one of Britain’s major political playwrights. He belongs to a generation of dramatists – which includes Howard Brenton, Trevor Griffiths and David Hare – who learned their craft in the Fringe theatres of the late sixties. His best known plays have been written for the Royal National Theatre (including Albert Speer in 2000 and The Shape of the Table) and the Royal Shakespeare Company (Destiny; The Jail Diary of Albie Sachs, Nicholas Nickleby, Maydays and Pentecost).
In this full-length study of Edgar’s work, Susan Painter examines the social, political and theatrical context of Edgar’s career in the theatre and provides a detailed analysis of the plays.
Screen Adaptations: Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet
Authors: Lehmann Courtney 
Published: November 2017

The Screen Adaptations series provides an in-depth look at how classic pieces of literature have been adapted for screen. It assesses the ways in which alternative screen interpretations offer up different readings of the original text as well as the methodologies and approaches of filmmakers.
Each title in the series collects together a vast array of study material, critical insight and thought-provoking comparisons - from literary context to the afterlife of the screen versions.
Shakespeare on Film is a huge area of study and Romeo and Juliet is one of his most popular plays with many teachers using film versions as a way of approaching the text. Focussing in the main on West Side Story and Baz Lurhmann's Shakespeare's Romeo & Juliet, this is a unique and comprehensive insight into the adaptation process providing a vital study aid for students.
Dance Composition
Authors: Smith-Autard Jacqueline 
Published: November 2017

Dance composition – the discipline that translates ideas into dances – is an important part of dance education. This book, a bestseller for over twenty years, is a practical guide to creative success in dance making and is invaluable for all those who are interested in dance composition, from secondary school to university.
This fifth edition has been revised and updated to include a new chapter exploring creative processes in relation to composing dances.
The Edinburgh Fringe Survival Guide
Authors: Fisher Mark 
Published: November 2017

‘Ah! The Fringe! I can’t think of a more delightful way of putting my liver, bank account, relationship, complexion, and mental stability under the greatest strain they’ve ever known!’ Mel Giedroyc
It is the world’s largest arts festival, attracting everyone from student first-timers to Hollywood stars. Thrilling, inspiring and bewildering in equal measure, the Edinburgh Festival Fringe can make you a star or break your bank.
So what is the secret of making it work for you?
The Edinburgh Fringe Survival Guide draws on the experiences of the festival’s leading figures - their disasters as well as their triumphs - to take you step by step through the process of making your show a success in the Scottish capital.
From choosing a venue to keeping on top of the budget, from sorting out accommodation to securing the best press coverage, from generating word of mouth to making the most of a hit, this unique practical guide for performers, directors and producers helps you get your show the audience it deserves.
Among those sharing their expert advice are playwright Simon Stephens, comedian Phil Nichol, actor Siobhan Redmond, producer Guy Masterson, Tiger Lillies front man Martyn Jacques, theatre critic Lyn Gardner, Foster’s Edinburgh Comedy Award director Nica Burns, as well as the directors of all the major Fringe venues, top press officers, international promoters and insiders from the Fringe Society itself.
The foreword is written by playwright Mark Ravenhill.
Getting the Joke
Authors: Double Oliver 
Published: November 2017

This is the kind of book that troubles grey-suited committees of academic peers. It’s too enjoyable. But that, given its subject, is just what it ought to be, and it treats that subject seriously … There isn’t a “dull” page anywhere in the book.’ – Professor Peter Thomson, Studies in Theatre and Performance
Comedy is changing: stand-up comedians routinely sell out stadia, their audience-figures swollen by panel-show appearances and much-followed Twitter feeds. Meanwhile, the smaller clubs are filling up, with audiences as well as aspirants. How can we make sense of it all? This new edition of Getting the Joke gives an insider’s look at the spectrum of modern comedy, re-examining the world of stand-up in the internet age.
Drawing on his acclaimed first edition, Oliver Double focuses in greater detail on the US scene and its comedians (such as David Cross, Sarah Silverman, Louis CK, Demetri Martin and Margaret Cho); the ‘DIY’ comedy circuit and its celebrated apostles and visionaries, from Josie Long to Stewart Lee; the growing importance of the solo stand-up show; the role played by Twitter (including an interview with the organiser of the world’s first comedy gig on Twitter), and the driving force that is the TV guest slot, be it on Mock the Week or Live at the Apollo.
With expanded sections on joke construction, as well as ways to challenge the audience, and a host of new and updated exercises to guide the aspiring comedian, this new edition of Getting the Joke is the only book to combine the history of stand-up comedy with an analysis of the elements and methods that go into its creation. Featuring a range of interviews with working comedians – from circuit veterans to new kids on the block – combined with the author’s vast experience, this is a must read for any aspiring stand-up comedian.
The Actor’s Workbook
Authors: Clifton Alex 
Published: November 2017

The Actor’s Workbook is an essential workbook for actors, actors in training and teachers of acting and drama. The workbook and video provide a clear, step-by-step guide to learning techniques in acting.
The book presents a system of exercises which will develop core acting skills, offers techniques for developing an authored role and models for devising new work. These techniques are based on the practices of Konstantin Stanislavski and his recent theatrical descendants including Uta Hagen, Sanford Meisner, Michael Chekhov and others.
The exercises in the book are outlined in a student-centred approach, offering not only in-class exercises, but also pre-class exercises, educational frameworks, teaching-tips, suggested texts through which to apply the work, follow-up exercises and suggestions for further reading in each chapter.
Enabling and guiding the actor’s sustainable, communicable, believable transformation into an imagined reality, this workbook is filled with powerful and precise acting tools, each underpinned by a rigorous and well-explained philosophy of practice.
The Actor’s Workbook includes video of the author teaching the exercises, with professional actors demonstrating the techniques to be learned.
Music Entrepreneurship
Authors: Dumbreck Allan , McPherson Gayle 
Published: November 2017

The music industries hinge on entrepreneurship. The recent, rapid convergence of media and the parallel ongoing evolution of music businesses have again seen the focus shift to independent companies and individual entrepreneurs. Opportunities tend not to be advertised in professional music and practically everyone begins on their own: forming a band, starting a record label, running events, or building a website. But it's not an easy territory to navigate or get a handle on.
Music Entrepreneurship features an analysis of the changing landscape of the music industries and the value of the entrepreneur within them through a series of focused chapters and case studies. Alongside contributions from key academics across the globe, expert contributors from across the industry highlight successful entrepreneurs and offers practical help to the reader trying to navigate the business. Sectors examined include:
The value of the music industriesRecorded musicLive eventsBranding in musicArtist managementDigital distribution
Theatre of Real People
Authors: Garde Ulrike , Mumford Meg 
Published: November 2017

Theatre of Real People offers fresh perspectives on the current fascination with putting people on stage who present aspects of their own lives and who are not usually trained actors. After providing a history of this mode of performance, and theoretical frameworks for its analysis, the book focuses on work developed by seminal practitioners at Berlin’s Hebbel am Ufer (HAU) production house. It invites the reader to explore the HAU’s innovative approach to Theatre of Real People, authenticity and cultural diversity during the period of Matthias Lilienthal’s leadership (2003–12).
Garde and Mumford also elucidate how Theatre of Real People can create and destabilise a sense of the authentic, and suggest how Authenticity-Effects can present new ways of perceiving diverse and unfamiliar people. Through a detailed analysis of key HAU productions such as Lilienthal’s brainchild X-Apartments, Mobile Academy’s Blackmarket, and Rimini Protokoll’s 100% City, the book explores both the artistic agenda of an important European theatre institution, and a crucial aspect of contemporary theatre’s social engagement.
British Musical Theatre since 1950
Authors: Gordon Robert , Jubin Olaf , Taylor Millie 
Published: November 2017

This critical introduction to British musical theatre since 1950 is the first book to discuss its post-war developments from the perspective of British – as opposed to American – popular culture. The genre is situated within the historical context of post-war British society in order to explore the range of forms through which significant sociocultural moments are represented.
Introductory chapters analyse the way British musicals have responded to social change, the forms of popular theatre and music from which they have developed and their originality in elaborating new narrative strategies since the seventies. A key feature of the book is its close readings of twelve key works, from Salad Days(1954) and Oliver! (1960) to global smash hits such as Les Misérables (1985) and The Phantom of the Opera (1986) and beyond, including the latest critical and box-office success Matilda (2011). Also analysed are British favourites (Blood Brothers, 1983), cult shows (The Rocky Horror Show, 1975) and musicals with a pre-existing fan-base, such as Mamma Mia! (1999).
The Contemporary American Monologue
Authors: Paterson Eddie 
Published: November 2017

Talk-show confessions, online rants, stand-up routines, inspirational speeches, banal reflections and calls to arms: we live in an age of solo voices demanding to be heard. In The Contemporary American Monologue Eddie Paterson looks at the pioneering work of US artists Spalding Gray, Laurie Anderson, Anna Deavere Smith and Karen Finley, and the development of solo performance in the US as a method of cultural and political critique. Ironic confession, post-punk poetry, investigations of race and violence, and subversive polemic, this book reveals the link between the rise of radical monologue in the late 20th century and history of speechmaking, politics, civil rights, individual freedom and the American Dream in the United States. It shows how US artists are speaking back to the cultural, political and economic forces that shape the world.
Eddie Paterson traces the importance of the monologue in Shakespeare, Brecht, Beckett, Chekov, Pinter, O'Neill and Williams, before offering a comprehensive analysis of several of the most influential and innovative American practitioners of monologue performance.
The Contemporary American Monologue constitutes the first book-length account of US monologists that links the tradition of oratory and speechmaking in the colony to the appearance of solo performance as a distinctly American phenomenon.
Joan’s Book
Authors: Hedley Philip 
Published: November 2017

‘Once upon a time, the London theatre was a charming mirror held up to cosiness. Then came Joan Littlewood, smashing the glass, blasting the walls, letting the wind of life blow in a rough, but ready, world. Today, we remember this irresistible force with love and gratitude.’ (Peter Brook)
Along with Peter Brook, Joan Littlewood, affectionately termed ‘The Mother of Modern Theatre’, has come to be known as the most galvanising director of mid-twentieth-century Britain, as well as a founder of so many of the practices of contemporary theatre. The best-known work of Littlewood’s company, Theatre Workshop, included the development and premieres of Shelagh Delaney’s A Taste of Honey, Brendan Behan’s The Hostage and The Quare Fellow, and the seminal Oh What A Lovely War.
This autobiography, originally published in 1994, offers an unparalleled first-hand account of Littlewood’s extraordinary life and career, from illegitimate child in south-east London to one of the most influential directors and practitioners of our times. It is published along with an introduction by Philip Hedley CBE, previously Artistic Director of Theatre Royal Stratford East and Assistant Director to Joan Littlewood.
Mastering the Shakespeare Audition
Authors: Soto-Morettini Donna 
Published: November 2017

Mastering the Shakespeare Audition is a handbook for actors of all ages and experience, whether auditioning for a professional role or a place in drama school.
Many actors have no idea where to start in preparing a Shakespeare audition speech. Yet many auditions – professional or drama school – require a well-delivered classical monologue.
Mastering the Shakespeare Audition shows performers how to focus rehearsal time and spend it well. Starting with how to choose a piece that plays to each actor’s particular strength, casting director Donna Soto-Morettini provides a series of timed exercises and rehearsal techniques that will allow any actor to feel confident and truly prepared for performance – in sessions totalling just 35 hours.
Offering progressive and clearly marked exercises detailing the time necessary both to read and complete the work, Mastering the Shakespeare Audition also features extended exercises for those with more time to spare, allowing a deeper understanding of the ideas and skills involved.