bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Advance in Applied Cryptography Theory: Survey and New Results. Part 1. Key Cryptography
Authors: Korzhik V. I. , Yakovlev V. A. , Izotov B. V. , Starostin V. S. , Buinevich M. V. 
Published: September 2024

In the current paper, consisting from two parts, are presented both results already published before (but hard for access) and new once. Actuality of this work is firstly in a fact that recently has been obtained a number of new results in area of applied cryptography that are needed both in a clarification and be put into practice. This is namely the main goal of the current paper. The setting problem in the first paper part concerns to a complexity of symmetric cipher breaking while in the second part of the paper is discussed, so called, keyless cryptography, namely: wiretap channel concept, execution of communication channels which allow to provide information security without of key exchange procedure between legal correspondences. In the part widely used methods of applied mathematics, namely: algebra, number, probability and information theories. Computer simulation also used there. A novelty of the first part of work consists in the following: first of all it is clarified the sense of a key lifetime limitation for different symmetric cipher modes, secondly, it is explained an approach of cipher breaking by the use of quantum computers, finely, the key authentication for the Diffie ‒ Hellman protocol based on the mobile device pairing technology is investigated in detail. In the second part of the current paper has been presented a vulnerability of Dean ‒ Goldsmith cryptosystem under some extension of attacks. The main results of this paper are: estimation of the key lifetime of single key for symmetric cipher in CBC mode, clarifying of Grover’s algorithm breaking of symmetric ciphers by brute force attack, development of a method for authentication of Diffie ‒ Hellman values based on pre-distributed sequences, selection of ciphers which allow to execute with Shamir’s protocol without any key sharing in advance, breaking of Dean ‒ Goldsmith protocol under some conclusions, proof the fact regarding of a possible breakability of the key sharing protocol over noiseless communication channels. Practical application of paper results consists in the fact of stimulation the correct choice of ciphers and their parameters in order to provide their resistance to different attacks and more attention to algorithms of keyless cryptography.
Intelligent Method for Mutation of Input Cases with Feedback
Authors: Samarin N. N. , Tulinova A. V. 
Published: September 2024

Relevance. Fuzzing is one of the effective ways to improve the software reliability and is included in the mandatory list of research carried out at the stage of qualification testing according to national standard GOST R 56939-2016. The use of standard mutators reduces the fuzzing process to brute force, which negatively affects the time of incorrect program behavior detection. In this regard, it is important to rationalize the selection of input data, which takes into account the data corpus specifics, as well as the context describing the software response under test and allowing to determine the mutations at the next iteration of testing. Purpose of the research is to increase the efficiency of fuzzing by intellectualizing the standard mutator using neural networks, which takes into account the syntactic and semantic features of the input corpus and uses program feedback.Methods. The methods of analysis and synthesis, theory of algorithms, discrete and computational mathematics, machine learning were used.Result. The advantages and disadvantages of the standard module for AFL fuzzer’s input corpus mutation are considered. The justification of neural network choice with LSTM-architecture as a mechanism that realizes the intelligent control of input corpora’s’ generation and transformation is given. The proposed mutation method is described, which implies the integration of decision making mechanism on the amount and format of necessary mutations to increase the code coverage into the standard mutator, as well as the subsequent refinement of input data by shell-code to check the operability of the fragment that caused abnormal software’s behavior. The scheme of the mutation module is presented, which includes a component of input corporas conversion for generation of program execution traces and a component aimed at concept confirmation and re-call of abnormal software behavior using the generated shell-code.Novelty. Unlike the known ones, the proposed method uses feedback, fixing the software reaction, when forming the data mutation strategy, which determines the scientific novelty of the obtained results.Significance. The proposed solution allows reducing the program testing time while maintaining the code coverage. The results obtained in the research are universal and, in the future, can be used in white, black and gray box fuzzing methods.
Pengembangan Mesin CNC Plasma Cutting Sebagai Media Pembelajaran
Authors: Salam Abdul , Nasrullah Baso , Elizhabet Kawita , Hakim Abdul , Multazam Muh 
Published: September 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan plasma arc cutting dalam memotong logam hingga tebal pelat 5 mm dan meningkatkan kualitas hasil pemotongan plasma cutting. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan ialah identifikasi masalah, perancangan, pembuatan, perakitan, pengujian, dan analisa data hasil penelitian. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan dengan pemilihan waktu dan tempat, alat dan bahan, prosedur dan langkah kerja, tahap perakitan, dan proses pengujian. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan 2 macam material pelat, tebal 1,4 mm dan pelat tebal 5 mm dengan menganalisa variabel penelitian yaitu lebar kerf, kekasaran permukaan, dan conicity dari hasil potong material tersebut. Proses pengujian ini menggunakan tiga faktor dan tiga level, serta tiga kali replikasi dalam setiap pengujiannya. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini telah dihasilkan produk pemotongan material pelat yang sesuai dengan kemampuan potong mesin dengan efektif pemotongan 1 mm – 8 mm, maksimum 10 mm. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian dapat diketahui bahwa untuk meningkatkan kualitas hasil pemotongan plasma cutting faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah ketinggian torch, tekanan udara, dan kuat arus. Parameter yang optimum pada pelat 1.4 mm adalah ketinggian torch 2 – 3 mm, tekanan udara 4,5 – 5 bar, kuat arus 32 – 35 A dan parameter yang optimum pada pelat 5 mm adalah ketinggian torch 2 – 3,5 mm, tekanan udara 5 – 6 bar, dan kuat arus 60 – 65 A.
Determinan Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Kesehatan Mental Mahasiswa Perguruan Tinggi Kesehatan Di Bekasi
Authors: Yusrini Yusrini 
Published: September 2024

Latar Belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya mempengaruhi sektor pelayanan kesehatan namun juga semua sektor sosial bagi masyarakat. Tantangan tambahan mencakup kekhawatiran tentang kesehatan fisik maupun kesehatan mental individu. Fenomena saat ini telah terjadi kasus COVID-19 pada beberapa mahasiswa di Perguruan Tinggi Kesehatan dan wawancara dengan beberapa mahasiswa mengatakan khawatir tertular COVID-19 , mengalami stress, jenuh dan bosan dengan pembelajaran online selama masa pandemi ini. Masalah kesehatan mental dapat mengganggu secara signifikan. Tujuan: mengetahui gambaran dampak COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan mental mahasiswa keperawatan. Metode yang digunakan untuk mencapai adalah dengan memberikan dua kuesioner yang terdiri dari kuesioner determinan dampak COVID-19 dan Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS 42) yang sudah dimodifikasi untuk 178 mahasiswa perguruan tinggi kesehatan, kemudian data akan dianalisa secara univariate, bivariate t-test (Pvalue 0,05). Hasil :Ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan (0,095), penggunaan sumber informasi (0,011) dan perilaku kebiasaan (0,013) terhadap kecemasan dan stress tetapi tidak menunjukan hubungan signifikan pada depresi (0,65). Kesulitan akademik dan pemenenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan depresi (0,044),kecemasan (0,041) dan stress (0,040). Kesimpulan: Tingkat pengetahuan, sumber informasi dan perubahan perilaku selama pandemi menunjukkan ada hubungan signifikan terhadap kecemasan dan stress. Kesulitan akademik dan pemenuhan kebutuhan sehari-hari dapat membuat mahasiswa keperawatan mengalami kecemasan, stress dan depresi.
SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW: EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA ARTICULATE STORYLINE DALAM MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BERPIKIR KRITIS
Authors: Akhlilia Tudrika , Novita Puspa Dewi  , Sri Wardani  , Nuni Widiarti  
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Various challenges occur in the era of globalisation with advances in technology and information, so it is necessary to develop IPAS learning media that can improve students' critical thinking skills. Realistic and conceptual IPAS learning media will make it easier for students to understand the subject matter. This research aims to explore literature studies related to the use of Articulate Storyline learning media on students' critical thinking skills in IPAS subjects in elementary schools. This research uses the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method. This research collected data by collecting 20 accredited national and international journal articles on the utilisation of articulate storyline learning media from 2020 to 2024. These articles were obtained from Google Scholar, Research Gate, SINTA, and DOAJ. This research shows that Articulate Storyline 3 learning media can improve students' critical thinking skills.

Kata Kunci : Learning Media, Articulate Storyline, Critical Thinking
TEACHERS' EFFORTS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS' CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS AT AL-IKHWAN IT JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Setiawan Erik , Fitri Silvia Sofyan  , Lusiana Rahmatiani  
Published: September 2024

Critical thinking is one of the key skills that need to be developed in 21st century education. Critical thinking not only helps students in understanding subject matter more deeply, but also equips them with the ability to analyze information, evaluate arguments, and solve problems effectively. The ability to think critically is needed in social life, therefore students must familiarize it from an early age, then develop it through education in schools. The development of critical thinking skills must be accompanied by the formation of better skills and attitudes. The purpose of this study was to determine the teacher's efforts to improve the critical thinking skills of students at Al-Ikhwan IT Junior High School. The method used is descriptive method often called naturalistic research method because it is done in natural conditions (natural setting). This method is based on the philosophy of postpositivism and is used to examine objects in natural conditions, where researchers act as key instruments. Data collection is done in triangulation (combined), data analysis is qualitative inductive, and research results emphasize meaning rather than generalization. This study collects information by using interview data to the principal and Civics teacher at Al-ikhwan IT Junior High School The results of this study are that the teacher has tried to improve the quality of the students' learning.
Keywords: Teacher, Critical Thinking
Changes in 24(S)-Hydroxycholesterol Are Associated with Cognitive Performance in Early Huntington’s Disease: Data from the TRACK and ENROLL HD Cohorts
Authors: Gray Sarah M. , Dai Jing , Smith Anne C. , Beckley Jacob T. , Rahmati Negah , Lewis Michael C. , Quirk Michael C. 
Published: September 2024

Background: There is evidence for dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis in Huntington’s disease (HD). The brain-specific cholesterol metabolite 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)-OHC) is decreased in manifest HD. 24(S)-OHC is an endogenous positive allosteric modulator (PAM) of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, suggesting lower 24(S)-OHC may contribute to NMDA receptor hypofunction in HD. We hypothesized changes in 24(S)-OHC would be associated with cognitive impairment in early HD. Objective: To determine the interactions between oxysterols (24(S)-OHC, 25-OHC, and 27-OHC) at the NMDA receptor, the plasma levels of these oxysterols, and how these levels relate to cognitive performance. Methods: An in vitro competition assay was used to evaluate interactions at the NMDA receptor, liquid chromatography coupled tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used to measure plasma 24(S)-OHC, 25-OHC, and 27-OHC levels, and correlation analyses investigated their relationship to performance on cognitive endpoints in TRACK and ENROLL-HD (NCT01574053). Results: In vitro, 25-OHC and 27-OHC attenuated the PAM activity of 24(S)-OHC on the NMDA receptor. Lower plasma 24(S)-OHC levels and 24(S)/25-OHC ratios were detected in participants with early HD. Moderate and consistent associations were detected between plasma 24(S)/25-OHC ratio and performance on Stroop color naming, symbol digit modality, Trails A/B, and emotion recognition. Little association was observed between the ratio and psychiatric or motor endpoints, suggesting specificity for the relationship to cognitive performance. Conclusions: Our findings support growing evidence for dysregulated CNS cholesterol homeostasis in HD, demonstrate a relationship between changes in oxysterols and cognitive performance in HD, and propose that NMDA receptor hypofunction may contribute to cognitive impairment in HD.
KAJIAN MORFOLOGI DAN HUBUNGAN KEKERABATAN SALAK DURIAN, SALAK NANGKA DAN SALAK APEL DI DESA KEPUHDOKO KECAMATAN TEMBELANG KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Amaludin Mochamad , Faizah Mazidatul , Prasetjono Hari 
Published: September 2024

Indonesia memiliki jenis buah-buahan yang sangat banyak. Salah satu diantaranya adalah buah salak. Penelitian ini disusun bertujuan untuk mengetahui ciri morfologi dan hubungan kekerabatan tanaman salak durian, salak nangka dan salak apel di desa Kepuhdoko kecamatan Tembelang kabupaten Jombang. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Mei s/d Juli 2020 dengan memilih 6 sampel dari setiap jenis tanaman salak dengan parameter penelitian tinggi tanaman, panjang daun, panjang pelepah daun, kerapatan duri, tekstur duri, bentuk duri, warna permukaan atas daun dan warna permukaan bawah daun. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan pengamatan langsung dan disusun menggunakan metode deskriptif dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis kluster berupa dendogram kemiripan. Berdasarkan pengamatan morfologi vegetatif, ciri morfologi antara tiga tanaman salak tersebut memiliki beberapa ciri morfologi yang mirip yaitu pada parameter tinggi tanaman, panjang pelepah daun, warna permukaan atas daun, warna permukaan bawah daun, bentuk ujung daun dan bentuk duri serta memiliki hubungan kekerabatan yang dekat dengan menunjukan nilai kemiripan sebesar 79% dan 83%.
Kata Kunci: Hubungan Kekerabatan, Salak Apel, Salak Durian, Salak Nangka.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA TANI TANAMAN PACAR AIR DI DESA TRAWASAN KECAMATAN SUMOBITO KABUPATEN JOMBANG
Authors: Munir Ahmad Syifaul , Hartanti Dyah Ayu Sri , Qomariyah Siti Nur 
Published: September 2024

Bunga pacar air merupakan salah satu jenis bunga yang mempuyai potensial yang cukup tinggi. Hal tersebut menjadi alasan petani di Desa Trawasan untuk memanfaatkan sebagian lahan untuk di tanami bunga pacar air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan dari usahatani bunga pacar air Impatiens balsamina di Desa Trawasan Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang, untuk mengetahui usahatani bunga pacar air (Impatiens balsamina) di Desa Trawasan Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang layak untuk di kembangkan berdasarkan metode B/C ratio dan R/C ratio. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari perhitungan B/C Ratio diperoleh tingkat kelayakan usahatani tanaman pacar air di Desa Trawasan Kecamatan Sumobito yakni sebesar Rp 2,64. Artinya bahwa setiap pengeluaran Rp 1, maka pendapatan usahatani tanaman pacar air di Desa Trawasan Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang sebesar Rp 2,64. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dari perhitungan R/C Ratio diperoleh tingkat kelayakan usahatani tanaman pacar air sebesar Rp 1,64. Artinya bahwa setiap pengeluaran Rp 1, maka pendapatan usahatani tanaman pacar air sebesar Rp 1,64. Sehingga usahatani tanaman pacar air di Desa Trawasan Kecamatan Sumobito Kabupaten Jombang layak untuk dikembangkan.
MODEL PEMBELAJARAN COOPERATIVE SCRIPT PADA MATERI DESCRIPTIVE TEXT TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X DI MAN 3 JOMBANG
Authors: Martayanti Rusna 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This study aims to describe the effect of the Cooperative Learning Learning Model on student learning outcomes in learning English Descriptive Text material in class X MAN 3 Jombang. This study uses an experimental method with the One-Group Pretest-Posttest design. A pretest is done before the teaching and learning process using treatment in the form of the Cooperative script learning model, while the posttest is done afterward. The results of this study indicate that students' scores have improved after 48 students (96%) have successfully completed tests while 2 students have not. The response of the students was very good because they were enthusiastic in the teaching and learning process and the understanding of Descriptive Text material greatly improved.
Keywords: Learning Outcomes, Descriptive Text, Cooperative learning

ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiskripsikan pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Cooperative Learning terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris materi Descriptive Text di kelas X MAN 3 Jombang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain One-Group Pretest-Posttest. Pretest dilakukan sebelum proses belajar mengajar menggunakan Model pembelajaran cooperative script, sedangkan posttest dilakukan setelah menerapkan model pembelajaran cooperative script. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa skor siswa meningkat setelah melakukan postest sebanyak 48 siswa 96 % berhasil dengan tuntas sedangkan 2 siswa tidak tuntas. Respon para siswa baik sekali karena mereka antusias dalam proses belajar mengajar dan pemahaman tentang materi Descriptive Text sangat meningkat.
Kata kunci : Hasil Belajar, Descriptive Text, Cooperative learning
PENERAPAN PEMBELAJARAN KONSTRUKTIVISME MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BENDA KONKRET UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATERI GEOMETRI BANGUN RUANG DI SDN KARANGMOJO II
Authors: Umardiyah Fitri 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Constructivism learning is generative learning, namely the act of creating something meaningful from what is learned. This learning is very suitable for the material of building space using concrete objects media because students can construct their own knowledge from what has been learned. Based on classroom action research conducted at SDN Karangmojo II, there was an increase in student learning outcomes in class V at the second meeting, from 54% of students completing KKM to 88% of students completing KKM. Therefore, it can be concluded that constructivism learning using concrete objects media can actually improve student learning outcomes V on geometry material of space.
Keywords: Konstruktivisme Learning, Media benda konkret, Geometri bangun ruang

ABSTRAK
Pembelajaran konstruktivisme merupakan pembelajaran yang bersifat generatif, yaitu tindakan mencipta sesuatu makna dari apa yang dipelajari. Pembelajaran ini sangat sesuai pada materi bangun ruang dengan menggunakan media benda konkret karena siswa dapat mengkonstruk sendiri pengetahuannya dari apa yang telah dipelajari. Berdasarkan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan di SDN Karangmojo II didapatkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa kelas V pada pertemuan kedua yaitu dari 54% siswa tuntas KKM menjadi 88% siswa yang tuntas KKM. Oleh karena itu, dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa pembelajaran konstruktivisme menggunakan media benda konkret ternyata dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa V pada materi geometri bangun ruang.
Kata Kunci: Pembelajaran Konstruktivisme, Media benda konkret, Geometri bangun ruang
Analytical Exposition Text: An Analysis Of Students’ Grammatical Errors In Using Simple Present Tense
Authors: Bahtiar Yuyun 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
This study aims to find out the mistakes made by students in using the simple present tense and the proportion of mistakes made by students of class XI MA Mambaul Ulum Megaluh. The research methodology used is descriptive qualitative. The data is taken from students' writing assignments. This study's population and the sample were 138 sentences containing errors in the use of the simple present tense based on the Taxonomic Linguistic Category. The results of the study show that there are five types of errors in the use of the simple present tense made by students based on the Linguistic Category Taxonomy. Noun Phrase Errors, Verb Phrase Errors, Verb, and Verb Construction Errors, Word ordering errors, and some transformation errors. The results of the cause analysis show that the most common cause is Performance Error with a percentage of 96.77%. The second cause is overgeneralization with a percentage of 87.09%. The third cause is the marker of transition competence with a percentage of 80.64%. The fourth cause is caused by teacher errors with a percentage of 67.75%. The fifth cause is the strategy of communication and assimilation with a percentage of 64.51%. And the last is interference with a percentage of 25.80%.
KEYWORDS: Error Analysis, Grammar, Simple Present Tense
ABSTRAK
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa dalam menggunakan simple present tense, dan untuk mengetahui proporsi kesalahan yang dilakukan oleh siswa kelas XI MA Mambaul Ulum Megaluh. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kualitatif. Data diambil dari tugas menulis siswa. Populasi dari penelitian dan sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 138 kalimat mengandung kesalahan dalam penggunaan simple present tense berdasarkan Kategori Linguistik Taksonomi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat lima jenis kesalahan dalam penggunaan simple present tense yang dibuat oleh siswa berdasarkan Taksonomi Kategori Linguistik. Kesalahan Frasa Kata Benda, Kesalahan Frasa Kata Kerja, Kesalahan Konstruksi Kata Kerja dan Kata Kerja, Word Kesalahan pemesanan dan beberapa kesalahan transformasi. Hasil analisis penyebab menunjukkan penyebab yang paling banyak yang dilakukan adalah Performance Error dengan prosentase 96,77%. Penyebab kedua adalah Generalisasi berlebihan dengan persentase 87,09%. Penyebab ketiga adalah Penanda dari kompetensi transisi dengan prosentase 80,64%. Penyebab keempat adalah disebabkan oleh Guru kesalahan dengan persentase 67,75%. Penyebab kelima adalah Strategi komunikasi dan asimilasi dengan persentase 64,51%. Dan yang terakhir adalah Interferensi dengan persentase 25,80%.
KATA KUNCI: Analisis Kesalahan, Grammar, Simple Present Tense