bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Role of ACSL4 in modulating farnesoid X receptor expression and M2 macrophage polarization in HBV‐induced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Chen Wenbiao , Xu Huixuan , Guo Liliangzi , Zheng Fengping , Yao Jun , Wang Lisheng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intricate relationship between bile acid (BA) metabolism, M2 macrophage polarization, and hepatitis B virus‐hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV‐HCC) necessitates a thorough investigation of ACSL4's (acyl‐CoA synthetase long‐chain family member 4) role. This study combines advanced bioinformatics and experimental methods to elucidate ACSL4's significance in HBV‐HCC development. Using bioinformatics, we identified differentially expressed genes in HBV‐HCC. STRING and gene set enrichment analysis analyses were employed to pinpoint critical genes and pathways. Immunoinfiltration analysis, along with in vitro and in vivo experiments, assessed M2 macrophage polarization and related factors. ACSL4 emerged as a pivotal gene influencing HBV‐HCC. In HBV‐HCC liver tissues, ACSL4 exhibited upregulation, along with increased levels of M2 macrophage markers and BA. Silencing ACSL4 led to heightened farnesoid X receptor (FXR) expression, reduced BA levels, and hindered M2 macrophage polarization, thereby improving HBV‐HCC conditions. This study underscores ACSL4's significant role in HBV‐HCC progression. ACSL4 modulates BA‐mediated M2 macrophage polarization and FXR expression, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets and novel insights into HBV‐HCC pathogenesis.
Analysis of the Haematological Phenotype and Molecular Characteristics of Rare Abnormal Haemoglobin
Authors: Ge Yanfen , Zheng Guansheng , Xian Luhua , Luo Yanfei , Liu Junru , Lin Ting , Cui Wenhao , Yang Yujing , Shan Huizhuang 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHaemoglobinopathy refers to a group of common monogenic inherited conditions associated with variations in the haemoglobin molecule; however, there is relatively limited reporting on abnormal haemoglobinopathy in the Chinese population, especially rare abnormal haemoglobin (Hb). The aim of this study was to explore the clinical characteristics of haemoglobinopathy to supplement data for the epidemiological investigation of Hb variants in Guangdong province of China.MethodsPeripheral blood was collected from five patients (including a family) for Complete blood count, Hb electrophoresis, High‐performance liquid chromatography analysis and degenerative globin body testing. Hb variants were further analysed by PCR and DNA sequencing.ResultsThe research subjects were diagnosed with different types of abnormal Hb. The blood routine of the Hb Fukuyama (HBB:c.232C>T) diagnosed individual showed microcytic hypochromic anaemia, with a lower Hb level (64 g/L), mean corpuscular volume (MCV) of 71.5 fL and mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) of 21.5 pg. Individuals diagnosed with Hb Port Phillip (HBA2:c.275T>C) exhibit a MCH level that is slightly below average, at 26.4 pg. The Hb Saint Etienne (HBB:c.279C>G) diagnosed individual showed macrocytic hypochromic anaemia, and the proband had a low Hb level (116 g/L), MCV of 102.2 fL and MCH of 29.4 pg.ConclusionWe confirmed the presence of Hb Fukuyama (HBB:c.232C>T) in China for the first time. Three rare patients with the Hb Saint Etienne (HBB:c.279C>G) phenotype and one patient with Hb Port Phillip (HBA2:c.275T>C) phenotype were included. Our research enriches the gene mutation map of haemoglobinopathy in Guangdong province and improves the detection system of haemoglobinopathy for population prevention and eugenics.
Potential Trypanocidal Activity of Glycerol Analogues
Authors: Humann R. A. , Smith T. K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGlycerol, a versatile and ubiquitous compound, plays a vital role in a plethora of metabolic pathways in both prokaryotes and eukarotyes. Relatively few glycerol analogues have previously been explored for their use as glycerol kinase inhibitors, in addition to their therapeutic potential, however their use as (pro)‐drugs in the context of parasitic diseases such as trypanosomiasis is unreported. The literature on glycerol metabolism and particular its synergic anti‐profilation behaviour with salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) in Trypanosoma brucei is extensive. However, utiliation of glycerol analogues has not been explored as possible superior combinatory compounds. This report describes the synthesis of various glycerol analogues and their subsequent biochemical pheotypic analysis for their effect on lipid metabolism and their possible synergic activity with SHAM on Trypanosoma brucei. The glycerol analogues caused morphological changes;, including detached flagella, cytokinesis defects and ‘big‐eye’ phenotype. All four compounds either matched or marginally increased the toxicity of SHAM when used in combination against Trypanosoma brucei. However, the compounds exhibited mostly an antagonistic relationship with SHAM rather than synergistic. This research highlights the potential of small molecule glycerol analogues for their combination use with SHAM for the treatment of parasitic disease, such as trypanosomiasis.
Evaluation of fibroblast activation protein‐specific PET/CT in a patient with post‐COVID pneumonitis
Authors: Musameh Khaled , O'Brien Shane , Mehboob Roshane , Butler Thomas , Cunningham Zara , Buckley Carol , Atzinger Armin , Kuwert Torsten , Mitchell Patrick , Donnelly Seamas C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) often leads to a spectrum of pulmonary complications, including interstitial lung disease (ILD) with the potential for fibrotic sequelae. Assessing the presence of ongoing active inflammation versus established residual fibrosis as a result of lung parenchymal injury and repair in these patients is a clinical challenge. Better understanding of the disease process is crucial for guiding appropriate therapeutic strategies. We aim to investigate the use of positron emission tomography / computer tomography (PET/CT) scans and their role in diagnosing interstitial pneumonitis (IP) post COVID infections.
Preparation of Au/α‐Fe2O3 Electrode for the Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Guanling Liu , Wu Ren‐Jang , Fegade Umesh , Patil Nilima , Jethave Ganesh , Altalhi Tariq 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this study, Au/α‐Fe2O3 sensing material was synthesized and used as the working electrode for dopamine sensing. The Au/α‐Fe2O3 composites were prepared with various loadings (0.5 %, 1 %, and 3 %) to enhance their sensing properties. All three composites were tested for dopamine sensing, with 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3 showing the best response. The Au/α‐Fe2O3 composites were characterized using XRD, TEM, and SEM to confirm successful doping of Au on the iron oxide surface. The CV plot obtained by plotting Cyclic Voltammetry (CV) vs. dopamine (DA) was linear (R2=0.9872) for DA concentrations ranging from 6.25 μM–200 μM on 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3. Similarly, the DPV plot between DPV vs. DA was linear (R2=0.9895) for the same DA concentration range on 1 % Au/α‐Fe2O3, with a detection limit of 0.19 μM. Interference and stability experiments were conducted with dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), and uric acid (UA). The results showed that DA sensing was not affected by the other two substances for up to 14 days. The signal results indicated that the current intensity remained at 90.75 % of the original, proving that this material has good stability.
An Overview of Hydrogen Production from Renewable Sources and Its Main Applications
Authors: Lima Thiago M. , Lima Carolina G. S. , da Costa Madriaga Vinicius G. , Vasconcelos Sancler C. , Quatrocciochi Daniel G. , Ferreira Patricia G. , de C. da Silva Fernando , da S. M. Forezi Luana , Ferreira Vitor F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThere is a misconception that sustainability is only related to greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, and that this is the only risk to which the planet is exposed. Sustainability is a multidimensional concept and must advance simoutaneously on several fronts, such as the urgent need to increase energy, clean water, clean air, food, mobility, health, and poverty reduction. All the problems of these multi‐dimensions are aggravated by the continuous growth of the world population, mainly in economic and socio‐environmental issues. However, the biggest challenge is to increase the supply of clean energy from renewable sources, as all other dimensions of sustainability depend on energy supply and policy decisions. The consumption of fossil fuels has supplied the current energy demand by approximately 87 %. Still, there are predictions of depletion, and the effects caused on the environment by the production of greenhouse gases bring significant economic losses. In this review, we will address the most common methods for hydrogen production, as well as its main technological applications in organic synthesis and for energy generation.
Free‐Standing Si@C/CNFs Prepared by Simple Electrospinning as a Stable Anode for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Li Yongqi , Yang Peichen , Jia Zhanyi , Sun Yu , Xia Jing , Tran Dai Lam , Yang Yijun , Xu Yong , Wang Xi , Yang Yongan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe development of free‐standing and foldable electrodes with excellent electrochemical performance is paramount for flexible electronic devices. However, the silicon‐based free‐standing anodes lack a straightforward preparation process. Herein, we successfully designed a hierarchical Si@C/CNFs composite material by combining hydrothermal and electrospinning techniques, in which the carbon‐coated silicon (Si@C) is served as the primary nanostructure and carbon nanofibers (CNFs) from electrospinning are maintained as the network matrix, resulting in a free‐standing anode. Owing to the amorphous carbon coating on Si nanoparticles and the formation of a 3D network structure of CNFs, which tightly encases the primary Si@C nanostructure, the Si@C/CNFs electrode demonstrates exceptional conductivity and flexibility. This dual carbon‐layer structure further enhances kinetics and mitigates the volume expansion of Si nanoparticles. The Si@C/CNFs electrode exhibits a high specific capacity (1573 mAh g−1 at 0.1 A g−1), exceptional rate capability, and excellent cycling stability (78.5 % capacity retention after 100 cycles). Thus, Si@C/CNFs can be a promising material for the anode electrode in flexible lithium‐ion batteries.
Hydroxylamine‐O‐Sulfonic Acid (HOSA): A Recent Synthetic Overview
Authors: Kumar Puneet , Divedi Ashirwad , Chandra Dinesh , Ranjan De Saroj , Jat Jawahar L. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractHydroxylamine‐O‐sulfonic acid has been used as a versatile nitrogen source in synthetic organic chemistry. It has dual function and utilized both as a nucleophile and an electrophile during different synthetic transformations. This reagent is stable and easy to handle in both aqueous and organic solvents. It can be used with different functional groups under mild reaction conditions, making its widely applicable for constructing complex molecules. It has been utilized for various applications such as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and polymer industries in the formation of S−N, C−N, O−N, and N−N bonds, as well as for efficient cyclization reactions under metal‐free conditions with excellent stereo– and regioselectivity. The present review provides a brief overview of all the advancements made in the past two decades using hydroxylamine‐O‐sulfonic acid as a nitrogen source.
Microfluidic Platform for Semiconductor and MOF Integrated Photocatalysts: A Review over Synthesis Approaches and Applications
Authors: Nikseresht Mehrazin , Sohrabi Somayeh , Zhang Jianyong , Iranshahi Davood , Moraveji Mostafa Keshavarz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe synergy of integrating semiconductors and MOF photocatalysts is the chief motive for this review paper. This merit has been combined with the microfluidic platforms, which are the cutting‐edge technology of synthesis. The microfluidic synthesis of semiconductors and MOF photocatalysts are categorized according to morphology and linker, respectively. Enhancing the effectiveness of photocatalysis comes along with adding a proper amount of electron acceptor or hole scavenger, combing electrochemical with photocatalytic degradation, and optimizing the photocatalyst band gap. Moreover, approaches for improving photocatalytic activity of MOFs can be classified as functionalization of organic linkers/metal centers, sensitization, incorporation of nanoparticles, and hybridization with semiconductors. Finally, the current applications of microfluidic devices, from the detection of water quality parameters to the elimination of water contaminants, have been addressed.
Green Synthesis of Mn‐Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Using Ipomoea Staphylina Leaf Extract: Characterization and Application of Photocatalytic Dye Degradation, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity
Authors: Govindasamy Kanniyappan , Senthilkumar Srinivasan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractZinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and manganese‐doped zinc oxide nanoparticles (Mn‐ZnO NPs) were synthesized via a cost‐effective green combustion method employing watery leaf extracts from Ipomoea Staphylina. The nanoparticles were thoroughly characterized using FT‐IR, P‐XRD, UV‐DRS, and FE‐SEM with EDX techniques. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the successful doping of Mn in ZnO NPs. Evaluation of photocatalytic efficiency revealed that ZnO NPs degraded 76 % of Congo red dye (CR), while Mn‐doped ZnO NPs exhibited a higher degradation efficiency of 92 %. The photocatalytic performance of Mn‐doped ZnO NPs surpassed that of ZnO NPs, indicating their superior photocatalytic properties. Furthermore, both ZnO and Mn‐doped ZnO NPs displayed notable antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Additionally, Mn‐doped ZnO NPs exhibited significant antioxidant activity, demonstrated by their ability to scavenge 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH⋅) free radicals. These findings suggest that biosynthesized pure and doped NPs using plant extract can be promising candidates for antibacterial and antioxidant applications in biomedical, pharmaceutical, and wastewater treatment fields.
Exploring Chroman‐4‐One Derivatives as MAO‐B Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Computational Study
Authors: Jose Jisna , Varughese Jibin K , Ali Nemat , AlAsmari Abdullah F , Malik Abdul , Mathew Thomas V 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe enzyme monoamine oxidase‐B (MAO‐B) significantly affects the neurotransmitter's metabolism, including norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Alzheimer's disease is the result of the dysregulation of MAO‐B activity, which is also attached to another neurological disorder, that is, Parkinson's disease. The MAO‐B antagonists are now seen as potential therapeutics for these conditions. A promising approach for improving the effectiveness of novel MAO inhibitors is using chromanone scaffolds. In this work, we used a multimodal computational approach to assess the inhibitory effects of chroman‐4‐one derivatives on MAO‐B. The study utilized molecular docking methodologies to investigate and evaluate the intricate binding interactions between MAO‐B and chroman‐4‐one derivatives. Moreover, the ADME study provided insightful information about the pharmacokinetic characteristics of chroman‐4‐one derivatives. The analysis of the temporal stability and dynamic behavior of ligand‐protein interactions has benefited from the application of MD simulations. To determine the binding free energies and gain a deeper comprehension of the binding affinity between chroman‐4‐one derivatives and MAO‐B, MM‐PBSA calculations were also performed. This study offers valuable information about logical design and the optimization of MAO‐B antagonists and highlights the potential of computational techniques in speeding up the drug discovery process.
Computational Design, Chemical Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Pyrimidinyl‐Indoles for Targeting Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Parameswaran Preethi , Contractor Darshan , Kalmegh Vaishnavi , Chaudhary Bharatkumar , Kapoor Saumya , Sharma Satyasheel , Jain Alok , Shard Amit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCancer is a global health challenge, despite significant advancements in research. Addressing this issue, we report the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of pyrimidinyl indoles as potential antineoplastic agents. Pyrimidinyl indoles interact with pyruvate kinase isoform M2 (PKM2), which is commonly overexpressed in oral, lung, breast and colorectal cancers. In silico studies indicated that these molecules are having affinity towards PKM2 and targeting key residues such as Phe26, Leu27, Tyr390, Gln393, Leu394 and Glu397 at the interfacial active site region between the two chains of PKM2. Thereafter compounds were designed, synthesized and characterized using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and mass spectrometry (MS). This was followed by in vitro screening using cell lines and enzyme‐coupled assays. One of the designed PKM2 inhibitor demonstrated potent anticancer activity against MCF‐7 (Breast Cancer) cells while sparing normal MCF‐10 A breast cells. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies showed that the developed inhibitor stabilized the PKM2 active site over a 100 ns simulation.
A Biophysical Study of Molecular Interaction of Tucatinib with Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Jalan Ankita , Moyon N. Shaemningwar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA profound understanding of the binding dynamics of drugs with plasma proteins is highly important as it determines its therapeutical potential. Herein, we have investigated the molecular interaction of Tucatinib (TUC), a novel, primitive and highly selective drug for treatment of HER2+ advanced unresectable breast cancer, with bovine serum albumin (BSA) using multi‐pronged spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. TUC considerably quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of BSA via static quenching mechanism, and it binds to the hydrophobic cleft of subdomain IIA of BSA with a moderate binding affinity. The thermodynamic analysis revealed the major interplay of van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding interactions in stabilising the binding. The Förster distance ‘r’ signifies feasible energy transfer between BSA and TUC. The conformational analyses indicate some alterations in the protein secondary structure as a consequence of some changes in the protein polar environment due to complex formation. The experimental results are supported by docking analyses.
Odd‐Even Law Mediated Supramolecular Chirality of Luminescent Dipeptides for Chiroptical Energy Transfer
Authors: Wang Zhuoer , Lu Jiahui , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractInherent luminescent short peptides essentially provide opportunities to rationally manipulate supramolecular chirality and chiral luminescence. Herein, a facile protocol to construct a series of naphthalimide‐appended dipeptides is reported that show ultrasound wave‐activated supramolecular chirality regulated by odd‐even law. Naphthalimide luminophores are conjugated to the dipeptide skeleton with variable alkyl spacers. The presence of tyrosine interferes the kinetic aggregation into achiral nanoparticles without chirality transfer to supramolecular scale. However, ultrasound treatment initiates the nanoparticle‐to‐helix transition accompanied with the appeared chiral optics, including Cotton effect and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). The supramolecular chiral parameters, including handedness of helices and chiroptical behaviors, follow the odd‐even law of alkyl spacers in dipeptides bearing non‐substituted naphthalimides. The amine‐substitution boosted the quantum yields of dipeptide whereas no odd‐even effect. The two types of dipeptides constituted ideal energy transfer pairs that enable the efficient energy transfer as well as the transportation of odd‐even law to dipeptides containing substituted naphthalimides. This work sheds light on the construction of luminescent dipeptides with applications in precise control over chirality transportation and chiral luminescence.
Regulation of PPy Growth States by Employing Porous Organic Polymers to Obtain Excellent Microwave Absorption Performance
Authors: Zhang Liwen , Du Jiawei , Tang Peng , Zhao Xueying , Hu Chuangwei , Dong Yu , Zhang Xuyang , Liu Nana , Wang Bo , Peng Ruihui , Zhang Yaohong , Wu Guohua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractRegulating the different growth states of polypyrrole (PPy) is a key strategy for obtaining PPy composites with high electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption properties. This work finds that the growth states of PPy is regulated by controlling the amount of pyrrole added during the preparation of composites, so as to regulate the development of conductive networks to obtain excellent EMW absorption performance. The POP/PPy‐200 composite achieves an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.24 GHz (11.76–18.00 GHz) at a thickness of only 2.34 mm, covering 100% of the Ku band. The minimum reflection loss of −73.05 dB can be demonstrated at a thickness of only 2.29 mm, while at the same time showing an EAB of 5.96 GHz to meet the requirements of “thin”, “light”, “wide”, and “strong”. Such excellent EMW absorption performance is attributed to the conductive loss caused by the regulation of the growth states of PPy and the polarization loss caused by the heterostructure. This work also addresses the key challenge that porous organic polymers (POPs) cannot be applied to EMW absorption due to poor conductivity and providing new insights into the candidates for EMW absorbing materials.
Accelerated Exosomal Metabolic Profiling Enabled by Robust On‐Target Array Sintering with Metal–Organic Frameworks
Authors: Wu Yun , Qiao Yiming , Yang Chenyu , Chen Yueying , Shen Xizhong , Deng Chunhui , Yao Qunyan , Sun Nianrong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPancreatic cancer is highly lethal, and survival chances improve only with early detection at a precancerous stage. However, there remains a significant gap in developing tools for large‐scale, rapid screening. To this end, a high‐throughput On‐Target Array Extraction Platform (OTAEP) by direct sintering of a series of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) for dual in situ extraction, encompassing both exosomes and their metabolic profiles, is developed. Based on the principle of geometry‐dependent photothermal conversion efficiency and standard testing, the appropriate MOF functional unit is identified. This unit enables exosome enrichment within 10 min and metabolic fingerprint extraction in under 1 s of laser irradiation, with over five reuse. To further accelerate and enhance the quality of metabolic profile analysis, the application of Surrogate Variable Analysis to eliminate hidden confounding factors within the profiles is proposed, and five biomarkers demonstrated by MS/MS experiments are identified. These biomarkers enable early diagnosis, risk stratification, and staging of pancreatic cancer simultaneously, with sensitivity of 94.1%, specificity of 98.8%, and precision of 94.9%. This work represents a breakthrough for overcoming throughput challenges in large‐scale testing and for addressing confounding factors in big data analysis.