bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trunnionosis in Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Weiser Mitchell C. , Lavernia Carlos J. 
Published: September 2017

➤ The etiology of clinically relevant trunnion corrosion remains to be fully understood, but appears to be multifactorial with synergy among implant-based, surgeon-based, and patient-based factors.➤ Trunnion corrosion causing an adverse local tissue reaction (ALTR) typically manifests as delayed onset of groin, buttock, or thigh pain after primary total hip arthroplasty.➤ Trunnionosis is probably underreported since it often causes osteolysis and loosening, and the awareness of the problem, although increasing, is not universal.➤ Measurement of serum cobalt and chromium ions and advanced cross-sectional imaging, including metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging, can aid in diagnosis.➤ Revision for trunnion corrosion-induced ALTR can often be accomplished with a head and liner exchange, with retention of the acetabular and femoral components.➤ The surgeon should be aware of implant recalls and be cognizant of ongoing litigation against implant manufacturers.➤ The surgeon should strive to preoperatively identify the angle and type of taper in the well-fixed stem and request that the proper implants are available for the revision total hip arthroplasty.
Optimal Implementation Strategy of Carbon Emission Reduction Policy Instruments in Consideration of Cost Efficiency
Authors: Li Xiangfei , Qin Qin , Gao Yang 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
In this paper, regulatory and optimum programming model has been adopted. Considering the costs of emission reduction, supervision and penalty, we went all out to analyze the optimal decision of cost efficiency of regulators when implementing these three policy instruments: carbon emission standards, carbon emission trading permissions, and carbon taxes as well. Its result has indicated: In strict accordance with control target of total carbon emissions, regulators are willing to render social and economic cost able to achieve the goal of optimal cost efficiency by regulating carbon emission standards and supervising marginal cost caused by variations in the probability; fortunately, under the conditions of low supervisory cost and certain criteria which is met, the implementation of carbon emission trading permissions could provide social and economic cost with opportunities to realize that objective; through comparative analysis, carbon emission trading permissions have the advantages of higher efficiency than carbon emission standards on the premise of incomplete information. During the implementation of carbon taxes strategy, when there exists uncertainty information in the enterprises reduction behaviors, the condition which enterprises can fully comply with is the tax rate level is not higher than marginal penalty function; the tax rate level of enterprises perfect compliance ought not to be lower than the division of marginal penalty cost and marginal supervisory cost. The optimal strategy of enterprises imperfect compliance is that regulators varying the marginal cost of emission standards is equal to varying that of supervisory probability.
On Consistency in AHP and Fuzzy AHP
Authors: Liu Fang , Peng Yanan , Zhang Weiguo , Pedrycz Witold 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used widely for analyzing decisions made in various real-world applications. Its basic idea is to construct a hierarchy of concepts encountered in a given decision problem and to choose the best alternative according to pairwise comparison matrices given by the decision maker. Under the assumption of fully rational economics, a reasonable decision should be consistent. It becomes an important issue on how to analyze and ensure the consistency of comparison matrices together with the judgments of the decision maker. The main objectives of the present paper are threefold. First, we review the basic idea and methods used to define the consistency and the transitivity of multiplicative reciprocal matrices, additive reciprocal matrices and comparison matrices with fuzzy interval and triangular fuzzy numbers. The existing controversy behind the applications of fuzzy set theory to the AHP in the literature is presented. Second, the consistency of the collective comparison matrices in group decision making based on AHP and fuzzy AHP is further analyzed. We point out that the weak consistency of preference relations with fuzzy numbers in fuzzy AHP and group decision making should be investigated comprehensively. Third, under the consideration of the vagueness in the process of evaluating the judgements, a new concept of fuzzy consistency of comparison matrices in the AHP is given.
Bioelectrochemical nitrogen removal as a polishing mechanism for domestic wastewater treated effluents
Authors: Sander E. M. , Virdis B. , Freguia S. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Addition of an external carbon source is usually necessary to guarantee a sufficiently high C/N ratio and enable denitrification in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Alternatively, denitrification processes using autotrophic microorganisms have been proposed i.e., with the use of H2 as electron donor or with the use of cathodic denitrification in bioelectrochemical systems (BES), in which electrons are transferred directly to a denitrifying biofilm. The aim of this work was to investigate and demonstrate the feasibility of applying an easy-to-operate BES as a polishing mechanism for treated secondary clarified effluent from a municipal WWTP, containing low levels of organic matter, buffer capacity and low concentrations of remaining nitrate. In the proposed system, nitrogen removal rates (0.018–0.121 Kg N m−3 d−1) increased with the nitrogen loading rates, suggesting that biofilm kinetics were not rate limiting. The lowest energy consumption for denitrification was 12.7 kWh Kg N−1, equivalent to 0.021 kWh m−3 and could be further reduced by 14% by adding recirculation circuits within both the anode and cathode.
Early Stages of Antibacterial Damage of Metallic Nanoparticles by TEM and STEM-HAADF
Authors: Espana-Sanchez Beatriz Liliana , Avila-Orta Carlos Alberto , Padilla-Vaca Luis Felipe , Barriga-Castro Enrique Diaz , Soriano-Corral Florentino , Gonzalez-Morones Pablo , Ramirez-Wong Diana Guadalupe , Luna-Barcenas Gabriel 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Propagation of pathogens has considered an important health care problem
due to their resistance against conventional antibiotics. The recent challenge involves the design of
functional alternatives such as nanomaterials, used as antibacterial agents. Early stages of antibacterial
damage caused by metallic nanoparticles (NPs) were studied by Transmission Electron Microscopy
(TEM) and combined Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy with High Angle Annular
Dark Field (STEM-HAADF), aiming to contribute to the elucidation of the primary antibacterial
mechanism of metallic NPs.

Methods:
We analyze the NPs morphology by TEM and their antibacterial activity (AA) with different
amounts of Ag and Cu NPs. Cultured P. aeruginosa were interacted with both NPs and processed
by TEM imaging to determine NPs adhesion into bacteria wall. Samples were analyzed by combined
STEM-HAADF to determine the NPs penetration into bacterium and elemental mapping were done.

Results:
Both NPs displays AA depending on NPs concentration. TEM images show NPs adhesion
on bacterial cells, which produces morphological changes in the structure of the bacteria. STEMHAADF
also proves the NPs adhesion and penetration by intracellular localization, detecting Ag/Cu
species analyzed by elemental mapping. Moreover, the relative amount of phosphorus (P) and sulfur
(S) increases slightly in P. aeruginosa with the presence of NPs. These elements are associated with
damaged proteins of the outer cell membrane.

Conclusions:
Combined microscopy analyses suggest that the early stages of antibacterial damage
caused by alteration of bacterial cell wall, and can be considered a powerful tool aiming to understand
the primary antibacterial mechanism of NPs.
Model kurikulum pendidikan multikultural di taman kanak-kanak
Authors: Fadlillah Muhammad 
Published: September 2017

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) konsep kurikulum pendidikan multikultural di Taman Kanak-Kanak, dan (2) model pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan multikultural di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi, dan dokumentasi terhadap kegiatan pembelajaran di Taman Kanak-Kanak. Penelitian ini berhasil menemukan bahwa: (1) konsep kurikulum pendidikan multikultural di Taman Kanak-Kanak merupakan bentuk kurikulum yang memuat materi-materi pendidikan multikultural yang diperuntukkan bagi pembelajaran anak usia dini dalam rangka mengenalkan dan menanamkan sikap kebersamaan, keadilan, dan toleransi pada diri anak. (2) model pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan multikultural di Taman Kanak-Kanak dilakukan dengan menggunakan empat pendekatan, yaitu pendekatan kontribusi, aditif, transformasi, dan aksi sosial. Dari keempat pendekatan tersebut yang dapat diterapkan dalam pendidikan anak usia dini hanya ada dua, yakni: pendekatan kontribusi dan pendekatan aditif.Kata kunci: kurikulum, pendidikan multikulturan, taman kanak-kanak. THE MODEL OF MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM IN KINDERGARTENAbstractThis article aims to know: (1) The concept of multicultural education curriculum in kindergarten, and (2) The model of multicultural education curriculum. This study method used descriptive qualitative method. The collecting data was done by interview, observation and documentation of learning activities in the kindergarten. This study resulted the findings that: (1) The concept of multicultural education curriculum in kindergarten as a form of curriculum contains the materials of multicultural education which given to the learning of the childhood in order to introduce and inculcate unity, justice, and tolerance in children. (2) The model of curriculum development of multicultural education in kindergarten is done by using four approaches, namely the contrivution of additives, transformation, and social action. From the four approaches that can be applied in early childhood education, there are only two, namely the contribution approach and additive approach.Keywords: curriculum, multicultural education, kindergarten
A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of the Generation X and Y Entrepreneurs
Authors: Khor Patrick 
Published: September 2017

This qualitative phenomenological approach examined the Generation X and Y cohorts in terms of their lived experience towards the entrepreneurial journey in Singapore, which can consequently fill empirical gap on entrepreneurship among generational cohorts of Asian entrepreneurs. The study sample comprised 15 generation X and 15 Y Singaporean entrepreneurs from 30 companies who identified their involvement in starting a business venture and in the day-to-day running of the business. Using NVIVO to cull down key components and ideas from the data, the study revealed that Generation X and Generation Y to have similar work attitudes, values and behaviours. The differences between the generations include differences in age, experience as well as obligations in life such as to one’s family. Further studies are needed to examine the differences of these cohorts in terms demographic, psychological and social variables to provide additional insights and identify contributing factors to successful entrepreneurial venture.
Compliance Complexity and Tax Compliance for Individuals in Pre and Post M-filing Implementation in Malaysia
Authors: Mas’ud Abdulsalam , Abdul Manaf Nor Aziah , Saad Natrah 
Published: September 2017

Background: Mobile filing (m-filing) of tax returns through smartphones is one of the approaches to electronic tax filing. While electronic tax filing was introduced in 2006 in Malaysia, m-filing was only introduced into Malaysian tax system in 2012.
Objective: Here the objective is to examine whether a significant statistical difference exists in tax compliance and compliance complexity under pre and post m-filing implementation in Malaysia.
Methodology: the analysis was conducted using Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z test which is a non-parametric test for comparison of two groups.
Result: the findings revealed that there is a significant statistical difference in tax compliance under pre and post m-filing implementation in Malaysia. Differently, it was found that significant statistical difference exists in compliance complexity under pre and post implementation of m-filing in Malaysia.
Implication: the implication here is that Malaysian tax authority needs to devise other means of enhancing tax compliance apart from compliance complexity. Despite the reduction in complexity of payment procedures, the tax compliance remained unchanged. For other developing countries who desire to reduce compliance complexity, they may implement electronic tax system such as m-filing that can reduce complexity and enhance tax compliance.
Sustainable Service Quality of Water and Sewerage Companies
Authors: Salleh Abrari , Yusof Sha’ri Mohd 
Published: September 2017

Objective: The purpose of this conceptual paper is to critically review and discuss the perceived service quality of the water and sewerage services with the addition of sustainability factor with respect to economic, environmental and social aspects among the Malaysian water and sewerage companies.
Methodology: The review of various service quality models and sustainability models that has led to our findings on knowledge gap between sustainability and service quality especially in utility services sector (water and energy).
Results: The authors propose a modified SERVQUAL model with six independent variables namely tangibles, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy with an additional dimension i.e. sustainability. Addition of sustainability has modified the existing SERVQUAL instrument to be called sustainable service quality or SUSSERV.
Implication: The paper involves discovering the lack of research in sustainability service quality particularly in the context of Malaysian water services (including sewerage). This review should be able to answer the question why SERVQUAL is not appropriate for measuring water services quality thus requiring some improvement or modification using SUSSERV. Previous efforts and focus have been made based on water quality and water treatment or process quality (technical issues), thus this paper is an attempt to fill the gap between service, product and process quality by adding sustainability dimension in service quality evaluation.
Thermite welding of Cu–Nb microcomposite wires
Authors: Višniakov Nikolaj , Mikalauskas Gediminas , Škamat Jelena , Lukauskaitė Raimonda , Černašėjus Olegas , Rudzinskas Vitalijus , Boris Renata 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Thermite welding of Cu–Nb microcomposite wires was investigated. Suitable compositions of thermite material and slag were determined from the equation of the exothermic combustion synthesis reaction. The phase compositions of the thermite mixture and slag determined by X-ray diffraction analysis correspond to those assessed from the equation. According to non-destructive radiographic testing, the joint structure does not have welding defects. Microstructural examination of the joint cross-section with scanning electron microscopy showed that the Cu–Nb wire retained its shape and microstructure and only a thin surface layer of wire was melted during welding. The difference in electrical resistances of the conductor and welded joint was below 20 %. The thermite joint can withstand a maximum load equal to 62.5 % of the load-bearing capacity of microcomposite conductor.
A digital-first authoring environment for enriched e-books using EPUB 3
Authors: De Meester Ben , De Nies Tom , Ghaem Sigarchian Hajar , Vander Sande Miel , van Campen Jelle , Van Impe Bram , De Neve Wesley , Mannens Erik , Van de Walle Rik 
Published: September 2017

The overall majority of books are currently being made with primarily a printed outcome in mind. To make a digital version of these books, most manuscripts need to be re-processed, which usually results in customary built e-books. This need for a customized authoring workflow for every electronic version of a book makes it impossible to build e-books in a cost-effective way. In this paper, we propose a novel workflow that incorporates both print and digital book authoring. By charting the currently most widespread workflow Flemish publishers use to author print books and e-books, we are able to identify the most pressing problems. These are the print-first approach, the vendor lock-in situation of the e-reader market, and the high cost of updating and/or maintaining the content of an (e-)book. To overcome the aforementioned problems, we devise a new workflow that follows a digital-first approach using Open Web standards, separating content, structure, and layout. We evaluate the proposed workflow by building a proof-of-concept authoring environment. Using this new workflow, both digital and print books can be built without significant additional costs. The proof of concept is evaluated using an experts group of Flemish publishers, and received general positive reception, with concerns on how to incorporate the proposed workflow into production environments. By not limiting the proof of concept to a fixed data model, it could handle content from more content providers, facilitating further research into the possibilities and future requirements of the EPUB 3 specification.
The future of libraries and information services: report of a Delphi study
Authors: van Trier Gerard M. 
Published: September 2017

In 1991 the Netherlands Council for Libraries and Information Services (RABIN) initiated a Delphi study to get a picture of the information chain in the year 2000: its logistics and the matching of supply and demand. A questionnaire was sent to experts in the sectors of medicine, law and the general public. The findings were commented upon by three groups of experts, selected from the respondents. The discussions concentrated on the arguments for the answers given. A gradual, not a radical change in the information sector was expected as a result of the increasing importance and use of electronic information. The use of different kinds of information and media was expected to increase 1–4.5% annually. The roles of the parties in the information chain in 2000 will essentially be the same as they are now. In spite of that, communication channels will be shorter, new channels will be used more (author-enduser, publisher-enduser) and increasing competition, especially with regard to the distribution of information, will cause some tension.
Report on the ELINOR electronic library pilot
Authors: Zhao Dian G. , Ramsden Anne 
Published: September 2017

The ELINOR (Electronic Library Information Online Retrieval) electronic library project, jointly founded by De Montfort University, the British Library and IBM UK, is a research project started in March 1992 [1, 4]. One of the important objectives of the project is to build an electronic (or digital, or virtual) library system containing a large collection of the full contents of high use materials including books, journals, course materials, and multimedia learning packages, which can be directly accessed by students and staff via Windows-based PCs and workstations. A pilot system was implemented in 1993 to experiment with the various aspects of the electronic library. The project has focused on several research areas, including copyright management, the user aspect and the modelling aspect of the electronic library. A copyright management system, including usage statistics collection and management and printing control, was implemented in-house [19]. An initial user study based on the pilot was conducted on a small sample of students [18]. The pilot system is now being extended both in terms of the subject coverage and network access. This paper covers the user aspect, the system architecture and copyright management of the ELINOR electronic library.
A core for flexibility
Authors: Chute Mary L. 
Published: September 2017

This paper addresses issues of inventing the future of information services from the perspective of a practitioner. While recognizing deep dedication to privacy, openness, commitment to the under-served, and long-term stewardship of the cultural record, the author acknowledges the impossibility of designing a precise curriculum for mid-21st century information professionals and proposes core subject areas providing an adaptable 21st century skill platform. Enduring goals of information services professions evolve due to commitment and responsiveness to changing communities and needs, and adaptation to new technologies. The “library” or “archive” is no longer a warehouse for content, but rather a set of services designed by information professionals who simultaneously are reinventing themselves. Our institutions continue as environments that support development of the learner, promote information discovery, and serve as community anchor institutions. The information professional must be equipped with attitude and analytic capabilities designed for problem solving, able to work both independently and in teams, and capable of constant adaptation. Proposed core curriculum areas: • strategic thinking and facility with evidence-based planning and evaluation, • ability and skills necessary for trends analysis, • ability to effectively teach, train, and empower myriad learner types, • ability and skills to respond to the needs of each unique customer.
Municipal Management, Infrastructure And Perception Of Users: A Description Of National Program For Improving Access And Quality Of Primary Care In The Brazilian Semiarid
Authors: De Sousa Bezerra Marília Gomes , Nobre Roseanne De Sousa , De Sousa Artemizia Francisca , Claro Maísa De Lima 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: The Ministry of Health with the aim of improving the service provided by the Unified Health System has been creating work tools to identify which points need to receive more attention to be optimized.
Objective: Description of the role of municipal management, infrastructure assessment and perception of users of primary care.
Method: Cross-sectional and descriptive study, conducted with Basic Units of Piauí municipality in 2015. The data were represented by tables.
Results: 90% of the units reported receiving support for the planning and organization of the work process. Only 14, 81% of the units have equipment and supplies for proper operation. Users recommend the service in 92,62% of the cases.
Conclusion: despite the precarious structure of the basic units of the county, the population still recognizes them as the best care.