bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Density-matrix evaluation of the enhancement to resonant Raman scattering and fluorescence of molecules confined in metallic nanoparticle dimers
Authors: Wei Yong , Li Li , Sun De-Xian , Wang Ming-Li , Zhu Yan-Ying 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the present work we study the surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS) and fluorescence (SEF) spectra of a general model molecule confined in metallic dimers consisting of Ag, Au and hybrid AuAg nanoparticles (NPs). The electromagnetic (EM) enhancement factors were simulated by the generalized Mie scatting method and the scattering cross section of the molecules were obtained by density-matrix calculations. The influence of the size of the NPs and the separation between the dimer on the Raman scattering and fluorescence were systematically studied and analyzed in detail. It was found that the SERRS mainly related to EM enhancement and the SEF depended on the competition between EM enhancement and quantum yield, both of which could be controlled by tuning the radius and separation of the metallic dimers. The optimal radius of the NPs for SERRS were found to be around 30 nm for AgNPs, 40 nm for AuNPs and 50 nm for hybrid AuAgNPs. The strongest Raman enhancement as predicted by the theoretical simulations were 6.2 × 1010, 1.5 × 107 and 5.2 × 108 for the three types of structures, respectively. These results could offer valuable information for the design of metallic substrates for surface enhanced Raman and fluorescence measurements.
Towards Implementation of OMOP in a German University Hospital Consortium
Authors: Maier C. , Lang L. , Storf H. , Vormstein P. , Bieber R. , Bernarding J. , Herrmann T. , Haverkamp C. , Horki P. , Laufer J. , Berger F. , Höning G. , Fritsch H.W. , Schüttler J. , Ganslandt T. , Prokosch H.U. , Sedlmayr M. 
Published: January 2018

Background In 2015, the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research initiated a large data integration and data sharing research initiative to improve the reuse of data from patient care and translational research. The Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership (OMOP) common data model and the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) tools could be used as a core element in this initiative for harmonizing the terminologies used as well as facilitating the federation of research analyses across institutions.
Objective To realize an OMOP/OHDSI-based pilot implementation within a consortium of eight German university hospitals, evaluate the applicability to support data harmonization and sharing among them, and identify potential enhancement requirements.
Methods The vocabularies and terminological mapping required for importing the fact data were prepared, and the process for importing the data from the source files was designed. For eight German university hospitals, a virtual machine preconfigured with the OMOP database and the OHDSI tools as well as the jobs to import the data and conduct the analysis was provided. Last, a federated/distributed query to test the approach was executed.
Results While the mapping of ICD-10 German Modification succeeded with a rate of 98.8% of all terms for diagnoses, the procedures could not be mapped and hence an extension to the OMOP standard terminologies had to be made.Overall, the data of 3 million inpatients with approximately 26 million conditions, 21 million procedures, and 23 million observations have been imported.A federated query to identify a cohort of colorectal cancer patients was successfully executed and yielded 16,701 patient cases visualized in a Sunburst plot.
Conclusion OMOP/OHDSI is a viable open source solution for data integration in a German research consortium. Once the terminology problems can be solved, researchers can build on an active community for further development.
Outcomes of Spontaneous Labor in Women Undergoing Trial of Labor after Cesarean as Compared with Nulliparous Women: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Robinson Julian , Kaimal Anjali , Little Sarah , Lassey Sarah 
Published: January 2018

Objective The objective of this study was to compare spontaneous labor outcomes in women undergoing trial of labor after cesarean (TOLAC) and nulliparas to better counsel women.
Study Design A 4-year retrospective cohort. We included women at term in spontaneous labor with vertex singletons and no more than one prior cesarean delivery. In planned secondary analysis, we focused on a subset of women with a prior cesarean and a predicted likelihood of a successful vaginal delivery of 70% or more based on the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units-vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) calculator.
Results Our cohort included 606 TOLACS and 606 nulliparas. Women undergoing TOLAC were more likely to undergo cesarean delivery (25.7 vs. 14.7%; p < 0.001). Severe maternal hemorrhage (1.5 vs. 0.2%; p = 0.02) and uterine rupture (1.9 vs. 0.0%; p < 0.01) were more likely in the TOLAC group. For the subset of women with a predicted likelihood of VBAC of 70% or more, there were no differences in cesarean delivery (16.7 vs. 14.7%; p = 0.51), maternal, or immediate neonatal complications.
Conclusion Women undergoing TOLAC were more likely to have a cesarean delivery, hemorrhage, or uterine rupture. Those with more than 70% predicted likelihood of VBAC were no more likely to experience these outcomes. These findings help contextualize the risks of TOLAC for women considering this option.
Confirming Maximal Oxygen Uptake: Is Heart Rate the Answer?
Authors: Keiller Don , Gordon Dan 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigates heart rate (HR), in 11 young adults (22.4±3.21yr), at V̇O2max, to ascertain whether measured maximal heart rate (HRmax), as determined by a plateau in HR (HRplat), can reliably confirm V̇O2max. V̇O2max and HRplat were determined, using the parameters of a V̇O2≤50 ml•min−1 and a ∆HR≤2b•min−1, respectively, over the final 60 s of sampling. V̇O2 was also independently determined using a verification phase protocol. A HRplat was achieved by 91% of participants (∆HR=1.3±1b•min−1) and critically the time at which HRmax was reached coincided with that at which V̇O2max was achieved. Moreover RER and ΔRER criteria were reached significantly earlier (p<0.05) than V̇O2max, whilst age-related heart rate maximums (HRage), were not achieved by many participants. The results suggest that a HRplat ≤2 b•min−1 is a more accurate method, within the group tested, to determine whether a ‘true’ V̇O2max has been achieved, than other secondary criteria and potentially avoids the requirement for an additional verification phase.
Berberine Modulates Gut Microbiota and Reduces Insulin Resistance via the TLR4 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Liu Dan , Zhang Yiyi , Liu Yunhui , Hou Liqiong , Li Sheyu , Tian Haoming , Zhao Tieyun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBerberine, a natural compound extracted from several Chinese herbs including Coptis chinensis, has been shown to have anti-obesity effects and prevents insulin resistance in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese rats by modulating the gut microbiota; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying these activities remain unknown. We investigated the effects of berberine on obesity and insulin resistance by examining the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α signaling pathway in livers of HFD-fed obese rats. Our results showed that 8-week berberine (200 mg/kg) treatment significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and insulin resistance in HFD-fed obese rats. However, berberine had no significant effects on body weight, visceral fat mass or the visceral fat to body weight ratio. Berberine also attenuated HFD-induced hepatic steatosis. A prolonged HFD altered the gut microbiota composition by reducing protective bacteria like Bifidobacterium and increasing gram negative bacteria like Escherichia coli, which resulted in increased LPS release into plasma. Berberine reversed these effects and inhibited LPS-induced TLR4/TNF-α activation, resulting in increased insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate-1 expression in the liver. These findings suggested that berberine may reduce insulin resistance, at least in part by modulating the gut microbiota along with inhibiting LPS/TLR4/TNF-α signaling in the liver.
Focal versus distributed temporal cortex activity for speech sound category assignment
Authors: Bouton Sophie , Chambon Valérian , Tyrand Rémi , Guggisberg Adrian G. , Seeck Margitta , Karkar Sami , van de Ville Dimitri , Giraud Anne-Lise 
Published: January 2018

Significance
When listening to speech, phonemes are represented in a distributed fashion in our temporal and prefrontal cortices. How these representations are selected in a phonemic decision context, and in particular whether distributed or focal neural information is required for explicit phoneme recognition, is unclear. We hypothesized that focal and early neural encoding of acoustic signals is sufficiently informative to access speech sound representations and permit phoneme recognition. We tested this hypothesis by combining a simple speech-phoneme categorization task with univariate and multivariate analyses of fMRI, magnetoencephalography, intracortical, and clinical data. We show that neural information available focally in the temporal cortex prior to decision-related neural activity is specific enough to account for human phonemic identification.
Effectiveness of hand cooling and a cooling jacket on post‐exercise cooling rates in hyperthermic athletes
Authors: Maroni Tessa , Dawson Brian , Barnett Kimberley , Guelfi Kym , Brade Carly , Naylor Louise , Brydges Chris , Wallman Karen 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study compared the effects of a hand cooling glove (∼16°C water temperature; subatmospheric pressure of −40 mmHg) and a cooling jacket (CJ) on post‐exercise cooling rates (gastrointestinal core temperature, Tc; skin temperature, Tsk) and cognitive performance (the Stroop Colour–Word test). Twelve male athletes performed four trials (within subjects, counterbalanced design) involving cycling at a workload equivalent to 75% ⩒O2max in heat (35.7 ± 0.2°C, 49.2 ± 2.6% RH) until a Tc of 39°C or exhaustion occurred. A 30‐min cooling period (in 22.3 ± 0.3°C, 42.1 ± 3.6% RH) followed, where participants adopted either one‐hand cooling (1H), two‐hand cooling (2H), wore a CJ or no cooling (NC). No significant differences were seen in Tc and Tsk cooling rates between trials; however, moderate effect sizes (d = 0.50–0.76) suggested Tc cooling rates to be faster for 1H, 2H and CJ compared to NC after 5 min; 1H and CJ compared to NC after 10 min and for CJ to be faster than 2H at 25–30 min. Reaction times on the cognitive test were similar between all trials after the 30 min cooling/no‐cooling period (p > .05). In conclusion, Tc cooling rates were faster with 1H and CJ during the first 10 min compared to NC, with minimal benefit associated with 2H cooling. Reaction time responses were not impacted by the use of the glove(s) or CJ.
Exosomes as secondary inductive signals involved in kidney organogenesis
Authors: Krause Mirja , Rak‐Raszewska Aleksandra , Naillat Florence , Saarela Ulla , Schmidt Christina , Ronkainen Veli‐Pekka , Bart Geneviève , Ylä‐Herttuala Seppo , Vainio Seppo J. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTThe subfraction of extracellular vesicles, called exosomes, transfers biological molecular information not only between cells but also between tissues and organs as nanolevel signals. Owing to their unique properties such that they contain several RNA species and proteins implicated in kidney development, exosomes are putative candidates to serve as developmental programming units in embryonic induction and tissue interactions. We used the mammalian metanephric kidney and its nephron‐forming mesenchyme containing the nephron progenitor/stem cells as a model to investigate if secreted exosomes could serve as a novel type of inductive signal in a process defined as embryonic induction that controls organogenesis. As judged by several characteristic criteria, exosomes were enriched and purified from a cell line derived from embryonic kidney ureteric bud (UB) and from primary embryonic kidney UB cells, respectively. The cargo of the UB‐derived exosomes was analysed by qPCR and proteomics. Several miRNA species that play a role in Wnt pathways and enrichment of proteins involved in pathways regulating the organization of the extracellular matrix as well as tissue homeostasis were identified. When labelled with fluorescent dyes, the uptake of the exosomes by metanephric mesenchyme (MM) cells and the transfer of their cargo to the cells can be observed. Closer inspection revealed that besides entering the cytoplasm, the exosomes were competent to also reach the nucleus. Furthermore, fluorescently labelled exosomal RNA enters into the cytoplasm of the MM cells. Exposure of the embryonic kidney‐derived exosomes to the whole MM in an ex vivo organ culture setting did not lead to an induction of nephrogenesis but had an impact on the overall organization of the tissue. We conclude that the exosomes provide a novel signalling system with an apparent role in secondary embryonic induction regulating organogenesis.
Pulmonary Cavity From Mycobacterium malmoense in an HIV-Infected Patient: Complicated by Bronchopleural Fistula
Authors: Abston Eric , Farber Harrison 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present a case of M. malmoense and HIV co-infection complicated by aspergilloma leading to bronchopleural fistula with intractable pneumothorax and pleural aspergillosis, ultimately requiring surgical intervention. Treatment guidelines for M. malmoense are reviewed, literature regarding M. malmoense and HIV co-infection is reviewed, and the epidemiology of M. malmoense in North America is discussed.
Developing a Web Platform to Support a Community of Practice: A Mixed Methods Study in Pediatric Physiotherapy
Authors: Pratte Gabrielle , Hurtubise Karen , Rivard Lisa , Berbari Jade , Camden Chantal 
Published: January 2018

Introduction:
Web platforms are increasingly used to support virtual interactions between members of communities of practice (CoP). However, little is known about how to develop these platforms to support the implementation of best practices for health care professionals. The aim of this article is to explore pediatric physiotherapists' (PTs) perspectives regarding the utility and usability of the characteristic of a web platform developed to support virtual communities of practice (vCoP).

Methods:
This study adopted an explanatory sequential mixed methods design. A web platform supporting the interactions of vCoP members was developed for PTs working with children with developmental coordination disorder. Specific strategies and features were created to support the effectiveness of the platform across three domains: social, information-quality, and system-quality factors. Quantitative data were collected from a cross-sectional survey (n = 41) after 5 months of access to the web platform. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Qualitative data were also collected from semistructured interviews (n = 9), which were coded, interpreted, and analyzed by using Boucher's Web Ergonomics Conceptual Framework.

Results:
The utility of web platform characteristics targeting the three key domain factors were generally perceived positively by PTs. However, web platform usability issues were noted by PTs, including problems with navigation and information retrieval.

Discussion:
Web platform aiming to support vCoP should be carefully developed to target potential users' needs. Whenever possible, users should co-construct the web platform with vCoP developers. Moreover, each of the developed characteristics (eg, newsletter, search function) should be evaluated in terms of utility and usability for the users.
Advancing Professional Development Through a Community of Practice: the New England Network for Faculty Affairs
Authors: Power Christine M. , Thorndyke Luanne E. , Milner Robert J. , Lowney Kathleen , Irvin Charles G. , Fonseca-Kelly Zoe , Benjamin Emelia J. , Bhasin Robina M. , Connelly Maureen T. 
Published: January 2018

Introduction:
In an era of competing priorities, funding is increasingly restricted for offices of faculty affairs and development. Opportunities for professional staff to grow and network through attendance at national meetings and to share best practices are limited. We sought to describe a community of practice established to enhance the professional development of faculty affairs professionals and to document its impact.

Methods:
We outlined the process of formation of the New England Network for Faculty Affairs (NENFA), reviewed the pedagogical approaches to professional development, and surveyed members to evaluate the impact of NENFA on their activities, professional network and their institutions.

Results:
After a successful 2011 initial meeting, NENFA created an organizing committee and conducted a needs assessment among potential members. NENFA's charter, mission, goals, and structure were based on survey results. NENFA's regional community of practice grew to 31 institutions and held 10 meetings over 5 years. Meetings have examined a faculty development topic in depth using multiple learning formats to engage participants from academic medical centers and allied professions. Results from a 2015 member survey confirmed the value of NENFA. Multiple members documented changes in practice as a result of participating.

Discussion:
NENFA has been sustained by volunteer leadership, collaboration, and the value that the group has brought to its members. We propose that a “community of practice” offers an effective model for collaborative learning among individuals at different institutions within a competitive health care environment. We recommend that the approach be replicated in other regions.
THROMBOCYTOPENIA AS A RISK FACTOR FOR RETINOPATHY OF PREMATURITY
Authors: Sancak Selim , Toptan Handan H. , Gokmen Yildirim Tulin , Karatekin Guner , Ovali Fahri 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To study the association between thrombocytopenia and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

Methods:
The case-control study was conducted on preterm newborns with ROP between January 2011 and January 2014, retrospectively. The patients were assigned into two groups: Cases required intervention and controls developed no or Stage I ROP.

Results:
Eighty-one premature infants with Type I ROP were enrolled to the study with a mean gestational age of 27.6 ± 2.1 (range: 24–32) weeks and birth weight of 993 ± 292 (range: 560–1,930) g. Mean follow-up time was 38.3 ± 2.7 weeks (min: 32 and max: 46 weeks). Cases were individually matched to a set of controls (1:1 ratio). Thrombocytopenia (<150.000/mm3) was seen in 58 (71.6%) of the cases with Type I ROP, whereas only 17 (21%) of the controls had thrombocytopenia (P < 0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that bronchopulmonary dysplasia and thrombocytopenia were significantly associated with Type I ROP (relative risk [95% confidence interval]: 4.19 [1.47–12] and 6.69 [2.83–15.9], respectively). The thrombocytopenia ratio (P = 0.073), thrombocytopenia 1 week before intervention (P = 0.076) and platelet transfusion ratio (P = 0.062) tended to be higher in Zone I ROP compared with Zone II ROP.

Conclusion:
In our study, there was a significant association between thrombocytopenia and Type I ROP.
INCIDENCE OF ENDOPHTHALMITIS AFTER VITRECTOMY
Authors: Chen Guohai , Tzekov Radouil , Li Wensheng , Jiang Fangzheng , Mao Sihong , Tong Yuhua 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to review the literature reporting rates of postoperative endophthalmitis after pars plana vitrectomy and investigate whether modern microincision vitrectomy surgery (MIVS) increases the postoperative endophthalmitis rate, compared with traditional 20-gauge (20 G) vitrectomy.

Methods:
A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify studies describing the incidence of post–pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis. A meta-analysis of comparative studies reporting the endophthalmitis rates after MIVS versus 20 G vitrectomy was also conducted.

Results:
A total of 31 studies reported 199 endophthalmitis cases in 363,544 participants (0.05%). The incidence of endophthalmitis after 20 G vitrectomy was 0.04% (88/229,435), compared with 0.03% (8/27,326) after 23 G and 0.11% (33/29,676) after 25 G. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the incidence of endophthalmitis was higher after MIVS (23 G/25 G) compared with 20 G vitrectomy (odds ratio = 3.39, 95% confidence interval, 1.39–8.23). In a subgroup analysis, we also found an increased risk of endophthalmitis after 25 G compared with 20 G vitrectomy (odds ratio = 4.09, 95% confidence interval, 2.33–7.18), but not for 23 G versus 20 G (odds ratio = 1.14, 95% confidence interval, 0.47–2.78).

Conclusion:
The incidence of post–pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis was low, with no significant differences between 23 G MIVS and 20 G vitrectomy, but 25 G MIVS may result in a higher postoperative endophthalmitis rate.
Suture Stenting of a Tube Fenestration for Early Intraocular Pressure Control After Baerveldt Glaucoma Implant Surgery
Authors: Yadgarov Arkadiy , Menezes Alicia , Botwinick Adam , Fargione Robert A. , Vinod Kateki , Sidoti Paul A. , Panarelli Joseph F. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose:
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a tube fenestration stented with a 10-0 polyglactin suture for controlling early postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) after Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) surgery.

Methods:
The medical records of 110 patients (119 eyes) who underwent BGI surgery with a tube fenestration stented with a 10-0 polyglactin suture anterior to an occlusive tube ligature were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcome measures included IOP and number of glaucoma medications at postoperative day 1, week 1, and weeks 2 to 3 as well as complications occurring before ligature release.

Results:
Mean±SD preoperative IOP was 30.9±9.3 mm Hg using an average of 3.8±1.1 glaucoma medications. A statistically significant reduction in IOP and glaucoma medications was observed at all timepoints during the first 3 postoperative weeks compared with baseline (P<0.001). Mean IOP on postoperative day 1, week 1, and weeks 2 to 3 was 18.4±12.2 mm Hg on no medication, 15.9±9.4 mm Hg on 1.0±1.3 medications, and 16.7±8.2 mm Hg on 1.2±1.5 medications, respectively. In total, 44 eyes (37%) achieved IOP control without glaucoma medication during period of tube occlusion.

Conclusions:
The use of a single, monofilament 10-0 polyglactin suture to stent a fenestration proximal to the occlusive ligature of a BGI tube is effective in controlling IOP in the early postoperative period. Hypotony-related complications were infrequent and resolved in all cases with in-office interventions.