bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative study on structural and functional brain differences in mild cognitive impairment patients with tinnitus
Authors: Han Sang-Yoon , Kim Heejung , Yun Yejin , Lee Min Jae , Lee Jun-Young , Park Sun-Won , Kim Yu Kyeong , Kim Young Ho 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTinnitus may be associated with various brain changes. However, the degenerative changes in patients with tinnitus have not been extensively investigated. We aimed to evaluate degenerative, structural, and functional brain changes in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) who also suffer from tinnitus.Materials and methodsThis study included participants aged 60 to 80 years with MCI and a hearing level better than 40 dB. The participants were classified into two groups: MCI with tinnitus (MCI-T) and MCI without tinnitus (MCI-NT). All patients underwent Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI), 3 T brain MRI, F18-florapronol PET, and F18-FDG PET.ResultsThe MCI-T group exhibited higher β-amyloid deposition in the superior temporal gyrus, temporal pole, and middle temporal gyrus compared to the MCI-NT group (p &lt; 0.05 for all). Additionally, the MCI-T group showed increased metabolism in the inferior frontal gyrus, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) (p &lt; 0.005 for all). The THI score was strongly correlated with increased volume in the insula, ACC, superior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, white matter near the hippocampus, and precentral gyrus (p &lt; 0.05 for all). Moreover, the MCI-T group demonstrated higher metabolic activity in the default mode network (DMN) and lower activity in the executive control network (ECN) (p &lt; 0.05 for all). In the MCI-T group, the posterior DMN was positively correlated with the visual network and negatively with the ECN, whereas in the MCI-NT group, it correlated positively with the ECN.ConclusionThe MCI-T group exhibited greater β-amyloid accumulation in the auditory cortex and more extensive changes across various brain networks compared with the MCI-NT group, potentially leading to diverse clinical symptoms such as dementia with semantic deficits or depression. Tinnitus in MCI patients may serve as a biomarker for degenerative changes in the temporal lobe and alterations in brain network dynamics.
Schwann cell-derived exosomes ameliorate peripheral neuropathy induced by ablation of dicer in Schwann cells
Authors: Wang Lei , Lu XueRong , Szalad Alexandra , Liu Xian Shuang , Zhang Yi , Wang Xinli , Golembieski William Anthony , Powell Brianna , Mccann Mikkala , Lu Mei , Chopp Michael , Zhang Zheng Gang 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) in Schwann cells (SCs) mediate peripheral nerve function. Ablating Dicer, a key gene in miRNA biogenesis, in SCs causes peripheral neuropathy. Exosomes from healthy SCs (SC-Exo) ameliorate diabetic peripheral neuropathy in part via miRNAs. Thus, using transgenic mice with conditional and inducible ablation of Dicer in proteolipid protein (PLP) expressing SCs (PLP-cKO), we examined whether SC-Exo could reduce peripheral neuropathy in PLP-cKO mice.MethodsPLP-cKO mice at the age of 16 weeks (8 week post-Tamoxifen) were randomly treated with SC-Exo or saline weekly for 8 weeks. Age-and sex-matched wild-type (WT) littermates were used as controls. Peripheral neurological functions, sciatic nerve integrity, and myelination were analyzed. Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot analyses were performed to examine miRNA and protein expression in sciatic nerve tissues, respectively.ResultsCompared to the WT mice, PLP-cKO mice exhibited a significant decrease in motor and sensory conduction velocities, thermal sensitivity, and motor coordination. PLP-cKO mice exhibited substantial demyelination and axonal damage of the sciatic nerve. Treatment of PLP-cKO mice with SC-Exo significantly ameliorated the peripheral neuropathy and sciatic nerve damage. PLP-cKO mice showed a substantial reduction in a set of Dicer-related miRNAs known to regulate myelination, axonal integrity, and inflammation such as miR-138, −146a and − 338 in the sciatic nerve. In addition, PLP-cKO mice exhibited significant reduction of myelin forming proteins, early growth response 2 (EGR2) and sex determining region Y-box10 (Sox10), but significantly increased myelination inhibitors, Notch1, c-Jun, and Sox2 and the axonal growth inhibitor phosphatase and tens in homolog (PTEN). However, SC-Exo treatment reversed the PLP-cKO altered miRNAs and proteins.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that exogenous SC-Exo ameliorate peripheral neuropathy induced by Dicer ablation in PLP expressing SCs. The therapeutic benefit may be mediated by the SC-Exo altered miRNAs and their targeted genes.
Constructing machine learning models based on non-contrast CT radiomics to predict hemorrhagic transformation after stoke: a two-center study
Authors: Zhang Yue , Xie Gang , Zhang Lingfeng , Li Junlin , Tang Wuli , Wang Danni , Yang Ling , Li Kang 
Published: September 2024

PurposeMachine learning (ML) models were constructed according to non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) images as well as clinical and laboratory information to assess risk stratification for the occurrence of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients.MethodsA retrospective cohort was constructed with 180 AIS patients who were diagnosed at two centers between January 2019 and October 2023 and were followed for HT outcomes. Patients were analyzed for clinical risk factors for developing HT, infarct texture features were extracted from NCCT images, and the radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated. Then, five ML models were established and evaluated, and the optimal ML algorithm was used to construct the clinical, radiomics, and clinical-radiomics models. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to compare the performance of the three models in predicting HT.ResultsBased on the outcomes of the AIS patients, 104 developed HT, and the remaining 76 had no HT. The HT group consisted of 27 hemorrhagic infarction (HI) and 77 parenchymal-hemorrhage (PH). Patients with HT had a greater neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, infarct volume, and Rad-score and lower Alberta stroke program early CT score (ASPECTS) (all p &lt; 0.01) than patients without HT. The best ML algorithm for building the model was logistic regression. In the training and validation cohorts, the AUC values for the clinical, radiomics, and clinical-radiomics models for predicting HT were 0.829 and 0.876, 0.813 and 0.898, and 0.876 and 0.957, respectively. In subgroup analyses with different treatment modalities, different infarct sizes, and different stroke time windows, the assessment accuracy of the clinical-radiomics model was not statistically meaningful (all p &gt; 0.05), with an overall accuracy of 79.5%. Moreover, this model performed reliably in predicting the PH and HI subcategories, with accuracies of 82.9 and 92.9%, respectively.ConclusionML models based on clinical and NCCT radiomics characteristics can be used for early risk evaluation of HT development in AIS patients and show great potential for clinical precision in treatment and prognostic assessment.
Effects of meridian sinew tuina after identifying the treatment area under ultrasound localization combined with greater and third occipital nerve injections in cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial protocol
Authors: Huang Qinghua , Li Yuxuan , Ou Lijun , Gong Liyu , Quan Jianlin , Kuang Jiayi , Tao Sijie , Zhang Shiyao 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionCervicogenic headache (CEH) is a secondary headache characterized by chronic, unilateral headache. Ultrasound-guided injections of the greater occipital nerve (GON) and the third occipital nerve (TON) are effective in the treatment of CEH, as is meridian sinew tuina for the treatment of CEH, but the evidence of clinical efficacy of combining these two therapies is valid. Therefore, we have designed a randomized controlled trial with the aim of investigating the efficacy and safety of ultrasound localization meridian sinew tuina combined with GON and TON injections for the treatment of CEH.Methods and analysisIn this study, we enroll 60 patients experiencing CEH. The control group receives ultrasound-guided injections of GON and TON. The intervention group is treated with ultrasound localization meridian sinew tuina combined with the injection of GON and TON. Meridian sinew tuina is performed once a day for 30 min for 3 days. The primary observational index includes the Short-Form of McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ). The Secondary outcomes include Cervical Range of Motion (ROM) and Medical Infrared Thermography (MIT). MIT is used to measure the change in skin temperature in the area of the patient’s meridian sinew tuina treatment of GON and TON before and after the intervention. There are 5 time points assessed as baseline, day 3, day 15, day 30, and day 60.DiscussionThis study proposes to combine ultrasound-guided injections of GON and TON for the treatment of CEH after identifying the treatment area of meridian sinew tuina under ultrasound localization. Meanwhile, MIT is utilized to provide objective evidence of the efficacy of CEH.Clinical trial registrationChiCTR2300076128.
Assessing the effectiveness and safety of Patisiran and Vutrisiran in ATTRv amyloidosis with polyneuropathy: a systematic review
Authors: Karimi Mohammad Amin , Esmaeilpour Moallem Fatemeh , Gholami Chahkand Mohammad Sadra , Azarm Eftekhar , Emami Kazemabad Mohammad Javad , Dadkhah Parisa Alsadat 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundHereditary transthyretin (ATTRv) amyloidosis, a multifaceted disorder affecting multiple systems, substantially diminishes patients’ physical capabilities and overall quality of life. Patisiran and Vutrisiran, two Ribonucleic acid (RNA) interference therapies, target reducing both pathogenic and wild-type transthyretin (TTR) protein levels. This systematic review assesses the effectiveness and safety of these treatments in managing ATTRv.MethodsA comprehensive, thorough literature search across databases including Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Central, and Google Scholar yielded 858 studies. Following removing duplicate and irrelevant articles, 676 distinct studies underwent review. These studies, conducted on a global scale, encompassed a range of methodologies, including clinical trials and indirect treatment comparisons.ResultsTen studies, spanning a total population of 756 patients, were selected for in-depth analysis. Patisiran and Vutrisiran consistently demonstrated significant improvements in primary and secondary endpoints related to neuropathy, quality of life, and cardiac function. Both medications were well-tolerated, with primarily mild to moderate adverse events. Indirect treatment comparison studies indicated Vutrisiran’s superiority over Tafamidis in treating ATTRv amyloidosis.ConclusionThis systematic review recommends using Patisiran and Vutrisiran to treat ATTRv amyloidosis. The findings suggest that these RNA interference therapies improve neuropathy, quality of life, and cardiac symptoms. The results indicate sustained benefits over prolonged treatment, with satisfactory safety profiles. However, potential biases, conflicts of interest in the studies, and limited follow-up periods in some trials necessitate cautious interpretation. Future research should address these limitations and provide more robust evidence for the long-term efficacy and safety of Patisiran and Vutrisiran in ATTRv treatment.
Associations of minerals intake with colorectal cancer risk in the prostate, lung, colorectal, ovarian cancer screening trial
Authors: Li Siyue , Ren Qingqian , Song Zixuan , Liu Baixue , Wang Dan , Shang Yanna , Wang Hao 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveExploring the association between common mineral intake and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsWe utilized the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model to assess the association between intake of minerals and the risk of CRC, estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsA total of 101,686 eligible participants were included in the analysis of this study, including 1,100 CRC cases. After adjusting for potential confounders, we found that total zinc intake (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.79, 95%CI 0.67–0.93; P for trend &lt;0.05), iron intake (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.81, 95%CI 0.68–0.96; P for trend &lt;0.05), copper intake (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.80, 95%CI 0.68–0.95; P for trend &lt;0.05), selenium intake (HRQ4vs.Q1: 0.83, 95%CI 0.69–0.98; P for trend &lt;0.05) were significantly negatively associated with the incidence of CRC, but magnesium intake in the appropriate range is associated with a reduced risk of CRC (HRQ3vs.Q1: 0.77, 95%CI 0.65–0.91; P for trend &gt;0.05).ConclusionOur findings suggested that an appropriate intake of total zinc, iron, copper, selenium and magnesium were associated with lower CRC risk.
External validation of hemoglobin and neutrophil levels as predictors of the effectiveness of ipilimumab plus nivolumab for treating renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Hamamoto Shuzo , Tasaki Yoshihiko , Yamashita Shimpei , Furukawa Junya , Fujita Kazutoshi , Tomida Ryotaro , Miyake Makito , Ito Noriyuki , Iwamoto Hideto , Sugiyama Yosuke , Taguchi Kazumi , Yasui Takahiro 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionPretreatment hemoglobin and neutrophil levels were previously reported to be important indicators for predicting the effectiveness of ipilimumab plus nivolumab (IPI + NIVO) therapy for renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Therefore, we aimed to validate this in a large external cohort.MethodsIn total, 172 patients with RCC who underwent IPI + NIVO treatment at a multicenter setting were divided into three groups according to their pretreatment hemoglobin and neutrophil levels (group 1: non-anemia; group 2: anemia and low-neutrophil; and group 3: anemia and high-neutrophil).ResultsGroup 1 showed better survival than groups 2 and 3 (overall survival: 52.3 vs. 21.4 vs. 9.4 months, respectively; progression-free survival: 12.1 vs. 7.0 vs. 3.4 months, respectively).DiscussionIn this large cohort, we validated our earlier observation that hemoglobin and neutrophil levels can be reliable predictors of the effectiveness of IPI + NIVO in advanced RCC. Thus, our approach may aid in selecting the optimal first-line therapy for RCC.
Comparison of short-term clinical efficacy between modified Kamikawa anastomosis and double tract anastomosis after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy
Authors: Wu Chu-Ying , Huang Qiao-Zhen , Ye Kai 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the short-term clinical efficacy of modified Kamikawa anastomosis and double tract anastomosis after laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy.MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out by collecting the clinical and pathological data of 42 patients who underwent laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy after admission in our centre from May 2020 to October 2022. Among the 42 enrolled patients, 22 underwent modified Kamikawa anastomosis (modified Kamikawa group), and the other 20 underwent double tract anastomosis (double tract group). Outcome measures included intraoperative condition, postoperative recovery, postoperative quality of life, postoperative nutritional status and gastroesophageal reflux. The patients were followed up using outpatient examination and telephone interviews to identify their nutritional status, reflux esophagitis and anastomotic status.Results(1) Intraoperative condition: Compared with the double tract group, the modified Kamikawa group had significantly prolonged time for operation and digestive tract reconstruction. However, no statistically significant difference in intraoperative blood loss was found between the two groups. (2) Postoperative recovery: Compared with the double tract group, the modified Kamikawa group had a significantly shorter time for the first postoperative intake of fluids, drainage tube placement and postoperative hospital stay. No statistically significant difference in the time to first postoperative anal exhaust and postoperative complications was found between the two groups. (3) Postoperative quality of life: Compared with the double tract group, the modified Kamikawa group showed better quality of life at 12 months after surgery. (4) Postoperative nutritional status and gastroesophageal reflux: No statistically significant difference in hemoglobin, total serum albumin, albumin, body mass index, MUST score, PG-SGA score, grading of reflux esophagitis using the Los Angeles classification system and GERD score was found between the two groups at 6 and 12 months after surgery. All patients did not experience anastomotic stenosis and tumour recurrence or metastasis.ConclusionsModified Kamikawa anastomosis is a safe and feasible treatment in laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy, which can ensure good postoperative anti-reflux effect and nutritional status. It has the advantage of better postoperative recorvery and quality of life compared with double tract anastomosis.
Significance of detecting cardiac troponin I and creatine kinase MB in critically Ill children without primary cardiac illness
Authors: Zhang Yangyang , Cao Yinyin , Xin Yi , Liu Yongming 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of myocardial injury in children with critically ill children without primary cardiac disease and the association between elevated cardiac troponin I (cTnl) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) concentrations and disease progression and prognosis to guide early treatment.MethodsThe serum cTnI and CK-MB concentrations of 292 children with critically ill children without primary cardiac disease in Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital between January 2021 and January 2024 were retrospectively analyzed within 24 h after entering the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). The children were divided into normal and abnormal groups according to the myocardial marker results. The abnormal group was further divided into the cTnI-elevated, CK-MB-elevated, single-elevated (cTnI- or CK-MB-elevated) and double-elevated (cTnI- and CK-MB-elevated) groups. The differences in the clinical indicators and their relationships with prognosis for the groups were compared.ResultsThe incidence of myocardial injury among the critically ill children without primary cardiac disease was 55.1%. The incidence of myocardial injury in children with infectious diarrhea combined with moderate and severe dehydration reached 85.19%. The pediatric critical illness score; frequency of use of vasoactive drugs; hypotension, shock, heart failure, respiratory failure, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; and mortality indexes differed significantly for the normal and abnormal myocardial marker groups (P &lt; 0.05). The single-elevated and normal groups only showed a difference in mortality (P &lt; 0.017). The cTnI and CK-MB concentrations were negatively correlated with prognosis (P &lt; 0.01).ConclusionMyocardial injury, as evidenced by elevated cardiac biomarkers, is common in critically ill children without primary cardiac illness. cTnI and CK-MB are associated with outcomes. Shock, heart failure, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes are independently associated with simultaneous elevations of CK-MB and cTnI concentrations. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate the clinical utility of these biomarkers.
Exploring the top 30 drugs associated with drug-induced constipation based on the FDA adverse event reporting system
Authors: Li Wenwen , Liu Cuncheng , Zhang Zhongyi , Cai Zhikai , Lv Tailong , Zhang Ruiyuan , Zuo Yaoyao , Chen Shouqiang 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis project aims to identify the top 30 drugs most commonly associated with constipation and their signal values within the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System database.MethodsWe extracted adverse drug events (ADEs) related to constipation from the FAERS database spanning from January 1, 2004, to September 30, 2023. We compiled the 30 most frequently reported drugs based on the frequency of constipation events. We employed signal detection methodologies to ascertain whether these drugs elicited significant signals, including reporting odds ratio, proportional reporting ratio, multi-item gamma Poisson shrinker, and information component given by the Bayesian confidence propagation neural network. Furthermore, we conducted a time-to-onset (TTO) analysis for drugs generating significant signals using the medians, quartiles, and the Weibull shape parameter test.ResultsWe extracted a total of 50, 659, 288 ADEs, among which 169,897 (0.34%) were related to constipation. We selected and ranked the top 30 drugs. The drug with the highest ranking was lenalidomide (7,730 cases, 4.55%), with the most prevalent drug class being antineoplastic and immunomodulating agents. Signal detection was performed for the 30 drugs, with constipation risk signals identified for 26 of them. Among the 26 drugs, 22 exhibited constipation signals consistent with those listed on the FDA-approved drug labels. However, four drugs (orlistat, nintedanib, palbociclib, and dimethyl fumarate) presented an unexpected risk of constipation. Ranked by signal values, sevelamer carbonate emerged as the drug with the strongest risk signal [reporting odds ratio (95% CI): 115.51 (110.14, 121.15); PRR (χ2): 83.78 (191,709.73); EBGM (EB05): 82.63 (79.4); IC (IC025): 6.37 (4.70)]. A TTO analysis was conducted for the 26 drugs that generated risk signals, revealing that all drugs exhibited an early failure type. The median TTO for orlistat was 3 days, the shortest of all the drugs, while the median TTO for clozapine was 1,065 days, the longest of all the drugs.ConclusionOur study provides a list of drugs potentially associated with drug-induced constipation (DIC). This could potentially inform clinicians about some alternative medications to consider when managing secondary causes of constipation or caring for patients prone to DIC, thereby reducing the incidence and mortality associated with DIC.
Dreaming in Bipolar Disorders – Feasibility of the Central Image Method: A Prospective Controlled Trial
Authors: Schmid-Mühlbauer Gabriele , Reggiannini Laura , Treu Peter , Chae Woo Ri , Stamm Thomas 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundEmotions play an important role in the emergence, formation, and experience of dreams. The Central Image (CI) in a dream refers to the dream’s dominant or underlying emotion, and it is the best-remembered part of a dream. Bipolar disorders are characterized by strong emotions, particularly during manic and depressive episodes. In these patients, dreams and CIs may serve as a helpful diagnostic and therapeutic tool. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the CI Method and to check for differences concerning dreams and CI emotions between healthy controls and patients with bipolar disorder.MethodsOver a period of 3 weeks, 61 participants were asked to maintain a daily record of all dreams remembered. Dream reports were rated using the Central Image Method (CIM) by two independent, blinded raters. We assessed for interrater agreement on the CIM and for within and between group differences related to negative and positive CI emotions.ResultsMean agreement rates (weighted Cohen’s kappa) for the CI emotion ratings could be classified as very good: For primary CI emotion ratings, the mean weighted Cohen’s kappa was 0.99 (± 0.02), and for secondary CI emotions, it was 0.90 (± 0.17). Regarding the CI intensities, the mean agreement rate (Spearman’s correlation) was also strong. Evaluation of differences within the groups showed that there were more negative CI emotions than positive CI emotions in healthy controls and currently depressive patients; however, in the latter, the difference was statistically not significant. Analyses of differences between groups indicated that patients who were currently depressed recorded more negative CI emotions in dreams than those who were euthymic or healthy controls.DiscussionThe findings support the feasibility of the CIM. Our results might indicate different emotion regulation and defense mechanisms across bipolar disorder states, as reflected by the occurrence of negative and positive CI emotions.