bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of extracellular matrix stiffness in megakaryocyte and platelet development and function
Authors: Leiva Orly , Leon Catherine , Kah Ng Seng , Mangin Pierre , Gachet Christian , Ravid Katya 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe extracellular matrix (ECM) is a key acellular structure in constant remodeling to provide tissue cohesion and rigidity. Deregulation of the balance between matrix deposition, degradation, and crosslinking results in fibrosis. Bone marrow fibrosis (BMF) is associated with several malignant and nonmalignant pathologies severely affecting blood cell production. BMF results from abnormal deposition of collagen fibers and enhanced lysyl oxidase‐mediated ECM crosslinking within the marrow, thereby increasing marrow stiffness. Bone marrow stiffness has been recently recognized as an important regulator of blood cell development, notably by modifying the fate and differentiation process of hematopoietic or mesenchymal stem cells. This review surveys the different components of the ECM and their influence on stem cell development, with a focus on the impact of the ECM composition and stiffness on the megakaryocytic lineage in health and disease. Megakaryocyte maturation and the biogenesis of their progeny, the platelets, are thought to respond to environmental mechanical forces through a number of mechanosensors, including integrins and mechanosensitive ion channels, reviewed here.
High‐frequency oscillations are not better biomarkers of epileptogenic tissues than spikes
Authors: Roehri Nicolas , Pizzo Francesca , Lagarde Stanislas , Lambert Isabelle , Nica Anca , McGonigal Aileen , Giusiano Bernard , Bartolomei Fabrice , Bénar Christian‐George 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveHigh‐frequency oscillations (HFOs) in intracerebral EEG (stereoelectroencephalography; SEEG) are considered as better biomarkers of epileptogenic tissues than spikes. How this can be applied at the patient level remains poorly understood. We investigated how well HFOs and spikes can predict epileptogenic regions with a large spatial sampling at the patient level.MethodsWe analyzed non‐REM sleep SEEG recordings sampled at 2,048Hz of 30 patients. Ripples (Rs; 80–250Hz), fast ripples (FRs; 250–500Hz), and spikes were automatically detected. Rates of these markers and several combinations—spikes co‐occurring with HFOs or FRs and cross‐rate (Spk⊗HFO)—were compared to a quantified measure of the seizure onset zone (SOZ) by performing a receiver operating characteristic analysis for each patient individually. We used a Wilcoxon signed‐rank test corrected for false‐discovery rate to assess whether a marker was better than the others for predicting the SOZ.ResultsA total of 2,930 channels was analyzed (median of 100 channels per patient). The HFOs or any of its variants were not statistically better than spikes. Only one feature, the cross‐rate, was better than all the other markers. Moreover, fast ripples, even though very specific, were not delineating all epileptogenic tissues.InterpretationAt the patient level, the performance of HFOs is weakened by the presence of strong physiological HFO generators. Fast ripples are not sensitive enough to be the unique biomarker of epileptogenicity. Nevertheless, combining HFOs and spikes using our proposed measure—the cross‐rate—is a better strategy than using only one marker. Ann Neurol 2018;83:84–97
Li2CO3: Die Achillesferse von Lithium‐Luft‐Batterien
Authors: Zhao Zhiwei , Huang Jun , Peng Zhangquan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDie Lithium‐Luft‐Batterie (LAB) gilt als das ultimative Energiespeichersystem, da sie die höchste theoretische spezifische Energie unter allen bekannten Batterien aufweist. Allerdings führen parasitäre Reaktionen zu Problemen bezüglich Effizienz und Langlebigkeit von LABs, vor allem im Zusammenhang mit der Bildung und Zersetzung von Lithiumcarbonat, Li2CO3. Die Entdeckung von Li2CO3 als Hauptentladungsprodukt in Carbonat‐Elektrolyten Anfang der 2010er Jahre bedeutete das “Ende der Idylle”. In den letzten Jahren wurden erhebliche Anstregungen unternommen, um die Bildungs‐ und Zersetzungsmechanismen von Li2CO3 zu verstehen und neuartige chemische/materialbezogene Strategien zu entwerfen, um die Li2CO3‐Bildung zu unterdrücken und die Li2CO3‐Zersetzung zu beschleunigen. In Anbetracht der raschen Entwicklung des Gebiets erscheint eine Bestandsaufnahme angebracht.
The neuropsychology of consumer behavior and marketing
Authors: Shaw Steven D. , Bagozzi Richard P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInsights and tools from neuroscience are of great value to marketers. Neuroscientific techniques allow consumer researchers to understand the fundamental neural underpinnings of psychological processes that drive consumer behavior, and elucidate the “black box” that is the consumer's mind. In the following review, we provide an overview of the fundamental tenets of consumer neuroscience, selectively outline key areas of marketing that consumer neuroscience has contributed to, compare and contrast neuroscientific tools and methods, and discuss future directions for neurophysiological work in marketing. In doing so, we illustrate the broad substantive landscape that neuroscience can add value to within marketing.
Metronidazole caused profound drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Lew Jeffrey , Berenberg Jeffrey 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageMetronidazole is commonly prescribed and has not been known to cause drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia. We have provided clinical and laboratory evidence with DDabs that metronidazole can cause drug‐induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP). Providers must be aware of metronidazole causing DITP because recognition of thrombocytopenia is critical and cessation of the drug should occur promptly.
A life‐devastating cause of gastroenteritis in an immunocompetent host: was it suspected?
Authors: Wahab Ahsan , Chaudhary Siddique , Ahmad Ali , Kollu Vidya , Smith Susan 
Published: December 2017

Key Clinical MessageA 44‐year‐old immunocompetent man with gastroenteritis received supportive care and empiric antibiotics. After an initial response, he developed septic shock. Blood cultures grew Gram‐positive bacilli with antibiotic adjustment. However, he succumbed within 36 h. After the patient's death, Listeria monocytogenes was identified on blood culture.
A new soft computing‐based approach to predict oil production rate for vapour extraction (VAPEX) process in heavy oil reservoirs
Authors: Mohammadpoor Mehdi , Torabi Farshid 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThere are vast resources of heavy oil and bitumen reservoirs in the Western Canadian Basin. For many of them up to 95 % of reserves still remain in place, and by considering the increase in future energy demand these abundant resources can be considered as potential sources for future years. Recently, solvent‐based heavy oil recovery methods such as vapour extraction (VAPEX) have gained attention due to the potential environmental and economic assets over thermal processes. Due to the complexity of the mechanisms associated with the solvent injection process (i.e. diffusion and gravity drainage processes), such models are incapable of accurately predicting the production rate during the VAPEX process. In this study, the artificial neural networks (ANN) technique is utilized to tackle the limitations that analytical methods encounter while predicting the complex relationships, where there is uncertainty, imprecision, and partial truth. Hence, in the first phase of the research a comprehensive experimental study in two large‐scale, visual rectangular VAPEX models was carried out by utilizing various injection solvents. Based on an extensive literature review and experimental results, the drainage height, solvent type, permeability, porosity, and heavy oil viscosity were considered as the inputs of the model to predict the heavy oil production rate as the output of the model. After trying different training scenarios, it was found that the back‐propagation learning algorithm can be successfully used to predict the ultimate recovery factor after implementing the VAPEX method in the heavy oil system of interest.
Diffusion and convection mixing of non‐Newtonian liquids in an optimized micromixer
Authors: Bordbar Alireza , Taassob Arsalan , Kamali Reza 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn optimized planar micromixer has been employed to study its performance in mixing liquids with various rheological behaviours. This design takes advantage of a number of passive techniques, including split‐and‐recombination of the channel, contraction of the channel, and embedding diamond‐shaped obstacles in the main channels. Three‐dimensional Navier‐Stokes equations, along with an advection‐diffusion model are solved by means of a finite‐element scheme. Numerical simulations are performed for species with power law indexes ranging from 0.6–1.4, and the resulting mixing efficiencies are compared for different cases. Pressure drop is also evaluated and compared by taking into account the rheological behaviour of the fluids. The results revealed that in the studied range of Reynolds numbers, shear‐thickening fluids present higher efficiencies in the diffusion‐dominated regimes by 5 % at the best case. Shear‐thinning flows have a better performance at higher Reynolds numbers and expedite the diffusion‐advection transition point compared to other regimes. Transition occurs at a Reynolds number of 0.1 for the shear‐thinning regime, while for Newtonian fluids this point is at a Reynolds number equal to 1. Moreover, it is found that the variation of mixing efficiency for shear‐thickening flows with different fluid behaviour indexes is not significant in the studied Reynolds number range.
QTc dispersion and Cornell duration product can predict 10‐year outcomes in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy
Authors: Djordjević Dragan B. , Tasić Ivan S. , Kostić Svetlana I. , Stamenković Bojana N. , Djordjević Aleksandar D. , Lović Dragan B. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundPersistent and adequate treatment of patients with arterial hypertension leads to more favorable disease outcome.HypothesisAside for the present left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), there are other non‐invasive parameters which can represent additional predictors of unfavorable prognosis in patients with essential arterial hypertension during the 10‐year follow‐up.MethodsA hypertensive group with LVH (124 patients; age 57.0 ± 8.0; 84 males and 40 females) was included in the study and examined noninvasively. Patients used regular medication therapy during the follow‐up period.ResultsDuring the 10‐year follow‐up period, unfavorable outcome was recorded for 40 (32.3%) patients. Patients with unfavorable outcome had higher baseline values of left ventricular mass index (178.9 ± 29.5 g/m2 vs 165.5 ± 29.5 g/m2; P < 0.05) and QTc dispersion (64.1 ± 24.7 ms vs 54.8 ± 19.4 ms; P < 0.05). Frequency of positive Cornell product was higher in the group of patients with unfavorable outcome (35% vs 22.2%; P < 0.01). Positive Lyon‐Sokolow score did not show statistical significance (25% vs 11.9%; P = 0.06). Cornell product (β = 0.234; P < 0.01) and QTc dispersion >65 ms (β = 0.184; P < 0.05) had prognostic significance in LVH (multiple regression analysis: R = 0.314, R = 0.099, adjusted R = 0.084, standard error of the estimate = 0.449, P < 0.05).ConclusionsPatients with a positive Cornell product and larger QTc dispersion had more unfavorable 10‐year outcomes compared with other patients with LVH.
Isometric handgrip echocardiography: A noninvasive stress test to assess left ventricular diastolic function
Authors: Jake Samuel T. , Beaudry Rhys , Haykowsky Mark J. , Sarma Satyam , Park Suwon , Dombrowsky Thomas , Bhella Paul S. , Nelson Michael D. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundCycle exercise echocardiography is a useful tool to “unmask” diastolic dysfunction; however, this approach can be limited by respiratory and movement artifacts. Isometric handgrip avoids these issues while reproducibly increasing afterload and myocardial oxygen demand.HypothesisIsometric handgrip echocardiography (IHE) can differentiate normal from abnormal diastolic function.MethodsFirst recruited 19 young healthy individuals (mean age, 24 ± 4 years) to establish the “normal” response. To extend these observations to a more at‐risk population, we performed IHE on 17 elderly individuals (mean age, 72 ± 6 years) with age‐related diastolic dysfunction. The change in the ratio of mitral valve inflow velocity to lateral wall tissue velocity (E/e'), a surrogate for left ventricular filling pressure, was used to assess the diastolic stress response in each group.ResultsIn the young subjects, isometric handgrip increased heart rate and mean arterial pressure (25 ± 12 bpm and 26 ± 17 mmHg, respectively), whereas E/e' changed minimally (0.6 ± 0.9). In the elderly subjects, heart rate and mean arterial pressure were similarly increased with isometric handgrip (19 ± 16 bpm and 25 ± 11 mmHg, respectively), whereas E/e' increased more dramatically (2.3 ± 1.7). Remarkably, 11 of the 17 elderly subjects had an abnormal diastolic response (ΔE/e': 3.4 ± 1.1), whereas the remaining 6 elderly subjects showed very little change (ΔE/e': 0.3 ± 0.7), independent of age or the change in myocardial oxygen demand.ConclusionsIHE is a simple, effective tool for evaluating diastolic function during simulated activities of daily living.
Gender differences in the association between discharge hemoglobin and 12‐month mortality after acute myocardial infarction
Authors: Thompson Lauren E. , Masoudi Frederick A. , Gosch Kensey L. , Peterson Pamela N. , Jones Philip G. , Salisbury Adam C. , Kosiborod Mikhail , Daugherty Stacie L. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundAnemia at discharge in patients with acute myocardial infarction is associated with poor prognosis; whether this differs in women and men or if there is a threshold value at which these relationships change is unknown.HypothesisWomen have a lower discharge hemoglobin (Hb) at which outcomes worsen.MethodsWe identified patients with acute myocardial infarction in the TRIUMPH registry between 2005 and 2008. In multivariable models, we evaluated the relationship between discharge Hb and 12‐month mortality and tested whether this relationship varied by gender. We assessed whether the relationship with discharge Hb values was nonlinear using a restricted cubic spline term.ResultsOf 4243 patients with AMI, 32.9% were female. Mean admission Hb was 12.9 ± 1.9 g/dL in women and 14.5 ± 2.0 g/dL in men, with mean discharge Hb 11.4 ± 1.8 g/dL and 12.9 ± 1.9 g/dL, respectively. Lower discharge Hb was independently associated with increased mortality (P < 0.05). In multivariable models, discharge Hb decline was similarly associated with increased 12‐month mortality in women and men (per 1‐g/dL decrease Hb; women HR: 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09‐1.42, P < 0.01; and men HR: 1.25, 95% CI: 1.13‐1.37, P < 0.01; P for gender interaction = 0.99). The relationship between discharge Hb and 12‐month mortality was linear (P for nonlinear spline term = 0.12).ConclusionsLower discharge Hb levels were similarly associated with increased 12‐month mortality in women and men. These relationships are linear without a clear threshold, suggesting any decline in discharge Hb is associated with poor outcomes.
Regional Susceptibility in VCD Spectra to Dynamic Molecular Motions: The Case of a Benzyl α‐Hydroxysilane
Authors: Xia Yiyin , Koenis Mark A. J. , Collados Juan F. , Ortiz Pablo , Harutyunyan Syuzanna R. , Visscher Lucas , Buma Wybren J. , Nicu Valentin P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractExperimental and theoretical studies of the vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectrum of 3‐methyl‐1‐(methyldiphenlsilyl)‐1‐phenylbutan‐1‐ol, whose absolute configuration is key to elucidating the Brook rearrangement of tertiary benzylic α‐hydroxylsilanes, are presented. It is found that the entire OH‐bending region in this spectrum—a region that provides important marker bands—cannot be reproduced at all by standard theoretical approaches even though other regions are well described. Using a novel approach to disentangle contributions to the rotational strength of these bands, internal coordinates are identified that critically influence the appearance of this part of the spectrum. We show that the agreement between experiment and theory is greatly improved when structural dynamics along these coordinates are explicitly taken into account. The general applicability of the approach underlines its usefulness for structurally flexible chiral systems, a situation that is more the rule rather than the exception.
N‐Donor/Fluorenylo‐Carborane Fluorophores with Strong Crystallization‐Induced Emission
Authors: Wang Zhaojin , Wang Tianyu , Zhang Chi , Humphrey Mark G. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractN‐Donor/fluorenyl (D/Fl) substitutedo‐carborane triads (2 a–2 e) exhibit strong crystallization‐induced emission. Crystallographic studies reveal H⋅⋅⋅π interactions in2 a–2 eand π⋅⋅⋅π interactions in2 c/2 d/2 econtributing to the close packing to varying degrees. In solution, the D‐Cb‐Fl triads exhibit strong quenching of charge‐transfer (CT) emission with quantum efficiencies (Φ) less than 0.05, whereas in solvated aggregates, they display blue‐shifted CT emission and enhancedΦ values (up to 0.15). Further enhancement in emission is seen in the crystalline state, with2 b/2 c/2 dexhibiting moderateΦ values (34 %–43 %) and2 a/2 eshowing highΦ(85 %–95 %). The π⋅⋅⋅π stacked2 c/2 epossess short lifetimes (ns), whereas the H⋅⋅⋅π stacked2 a/2 bhave much longer lifetimes (0.83 μs/0.16 ms). Theoretical calculations show the key role that multiple H⋅⋅⋅π interactions play in stabilizing the crystalline aggregates. An “ONIOM” theoretical model has mimicked the PL behavior of2 ain the crystalline state.
Microglia: Driving critical periods and sexual differentiation of the brain
Authors: VanRyzin Jonathan W. , Pickett Lindsay A. , McCarthy Margaret M. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThe proverbial role of microglia during brain development is shifting from passive members of the brain's immune system to active participants that are able to dictate enduring outcomes. Despite these advances, little attention has been paid to one of the most critical components of early brain development—sexual differentiation. Mounting evidence suggests that the normal developmental functions microglia perform—cell number regulation and synaptic connectivity—may be involved in the sex‐specific patterning of the brain during these early sensitive periods, and may have lasting sex‐dependent and sex‐independent effects on behavior. In this review, we outline the known functions of microglia during developmental sensitive periods, and highlight the role they play in the establishment of sex differences in brain and behavior. We also propose a framework for how researchers can incorporate microglia in their study of sex differences and vice versa. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 78: 580–592, 2018
A stoichiometric perspective of the effect of herbivore dung on ecosystem functioning
Authors: Sitters Judith , Olde Venterink Harry 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUngulate herbivores play a prominent role in maintaining the tree–grass balance in African savannas. Their top‐down role through selective feeding on either trees or grasses is well studied, but their bottom‐up role through deposition of nutrients in dung and urine has been overlooked. Here, we propose a novel concept of savanna ecosystem functioning in which the balance between trees and grasses is maintained through stoichiometric differences in dung of herbivores that feed on them. We describe a framework in which N2‐fixing trees and grasses, as well as ungulate browsing and grazing herbivores, occupy opposite positions in an interconnected cycle of processes. The framework makes the testable assumption that the differences in dung N:P ratio among browsers and grazers are large enough to influence competitive interactions between N2‐fixing trees and grasses. Other key elements of our concept are supported with field data from a Kenyan savanna.
Genome‐wide single‐nucleotide polymorphism data reveal cryptic species within cryptic freshwater snail species—The case of the Ancylus fluviatilis species complex
Authors: Weiss Martina , Weigand Hannah , Weigand Alexander M. , Leese Florian 
Published: December 2017

AbstractDNA barcoding utilizes short standardized DNA sequences to identify species and is increasingly used in biodiversity assessments. The technique has unveiled an unforeseeably high number of morphologically cryptic species. However, if speciation has occurred relatively recently and rapidly, the use of single gene markers, and especially the exclusive use of mitochondrial markers, will presumably fail in delimitating species. Therefore, the true number of biological species might be even higher. One mechanism that can result in rapid speciation is hybridization of different species in combination with polyploidization, that is, allopolyploid speciation. In this study, we analyzed the population genetic structure of the polyploid freshwater snail Ancylus fluviatilis, for which allopolyploidization was postulated as a speciation mechanism. DNA barcoding has already revealed four cryptic species within A. fluviatilis (i.e., A. fluviatilis s. str., Ancylus sp. A–C), but early allozyme data even hint at the presence of additional cryptic lineages in Central Europe. We combined COI sequencing with high‐resolution genome‐wide SNP data (ddRAD data) to analyze the genetic structure of A. fluviatilis populations in a Central German low mountain range (Sauerland). The ddRAD data results indicate the presence of three cryptic species within A. fluviatilis s. str. occurring in sympatry and even syntopy, whereas mitochondrial sequence data only support the existence of one species, with shared haplotypes between species. Our study hence points to the limitations of DNA barcoding when dealing with organismal groups where speciation is assumed to have occurred rapidly, for example, through the process of allopolyploidization. We therefore emphasize that single marker DNA barcoding can underestimate the true species diversity and argue in strong favor of using genome‐wide data for species delimitation in such groups.
Conveyance Method of Thin Plate by Using Multiple‐phase Air Flow
Authors: FURUTANI KATSUSHI , NAKAMURA YUSUKE , URITA AKIRA 
Published: December 2017

SUMMARYThis paper deals with a transfer method for a thin plate by levitating with multiphase air flow. Noncontact transfer methods are required for glass plates and semiconductor wafers in order to keep them clean. In the proposed method, a thin plate was slightly levitated with a small inclination by blowing and sucking air from orifice restrictors, and airflow was blown against the lower side of the plate so that the driving force was generated. The plate was continuously carried by shifting the air flow pattern in accordance with the plate position. Forty‐eight air flow slots were arranged with intervals of 15 mm. The velocity of a plate with dimensions of 90 mm × 100 mm × 2 mm and a weight of 139 g was almost linearly increased at an acceleration of 15 mm/s2 and reached 50 mm/s after driving for 3 s. The levitated height was 0.13 and 0.28 mm at the lower and higher sides at air pressures of the positive and negative restrictors of +7.0 and less than −3.0 kPa, respectively. In the case of an initial velocity of 60 mm/s, the plate was turned in reverse after moving for 100 mm. The plate can move reciprocally by reversing the air flow pattern.