bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inhibitory Effects of an Orally Active Thromboxane A2 Receptor Antagonist, nstpbp5185, on Atherosclerosis in ApoE-Deficient Mice
Authors: Huang Shiu-Wen , Lien Jin-Cherng , Kuo Sheng-Chu , Huang Tur-Fu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThromboxane A2 (TXA2) activation of TP receptor has been shown contributing to the progression and acute complications of atherosclerosis including endothelial dysfunction, platelet hyperactivity and inflammation. Growing evidence suggests that TP receptor may represent as a therapeutic target in atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular diseases. We investigated whether nstpbp5185, an orally active TP receptor antagonist, exhibits protective effects against atherosclerotic progression. Nstpbp5185 and aspirin were orally administered daily for 12 weeks in high-cholesterol-fed ApoE-deficient mice to examine their anti-atherosclerosis effects. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were slightly decreased in nstpbp5185-treated mice. However, nstpbp5185 significantly reduced neointima formation and aortic atherosclerotic lesion area. Nstpbp5185 increased serum paraoxonase 1 activity. In contrast, plasma levels of interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-α were reduced in nstpbp5185-treated mice. Plasma level of TXA2 metabolite, TXB2, was lower in both aspirin- and nstpbp5185-treated mice, while the urinary 2,3-dinor-6-keto PGF1α (a PGI2 metabolite) and plasma iPF2α-III were not altered. Moreover, nstpbp5185 neither caused gastric ulceration nor affected the haemostatic response. Nstpbp5185 also inhibited U46619-induced endothelial NF-kB activation, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression, as well as monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. In conclusion, nstpbp5185 may represent as an ideal, safe and efficacious agent for preventing atherosclerotic progression through its antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities.
Beneficial Effects of High-Density Lipoproteins on Acquired von Willebrand Syndrome in Aortic Valve Stenosis
Authors: Gebhard C. , Maafi F. , Stähli B. , Bonnefoy A. , Gebhard C. , Nachar W. , de Oliveira Moraes A. , Mecteau M. , Mihalache-Avram T. , Lavoie V. , Kernaleguen A. , Shi Y. , Busseuil D. , Chabot-Blanchet M. , Perrault L. , Rhainds D. , Rhéaume E. , Tardif J. 
Published: January 2018

Background Infusions of apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I), the major protein component of high-density lipoproteins (HDL), result in aortic valve stenosis (AVS) regression in experimental models. Severe AVS can be complicated by acquired von Willebrand syndrome, a haemorrhagic disorder associated with loss of high-molecular-weight von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers (HMWM), the latter being a consequence of increased shear stress and enhanced vWF-cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) activity. Although antithrombotic actions of HDL have been described, its effects on ADAMTS-13 and vWF in AVS are unknown.
Methods and Results We assessed ADAMTS-13 activity in plasma derived from a rabbit model of AVS (n = 29) as well as in plasma collected from 64 patients with severe AVS (age 65.0 ± 10.4 years, 44 males) undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). In both human and rabbit AVS plasma, ADAMTS-13 activity was higher than that in controls (p < 0.05). Accordingly, AVS patients had less HMWM than controls (66.3 ± 27.2% vs. 97.2 ± 24.1%, p < 0.0001). Both ADAMTS-13 activity and HMWM correlated significantly with aortic transvalvular gradients, thereby showing opposing correlations (r = 0.3, p = 0.018 and r = −0.4, p = 0.003, respectively). Administration of an apoA-I mimetic peptide reduced ADAMTS-13 activity in AVS rabbits as compared with the placebo group (2.0 ± 0.5 RFU/sec vs. 3.8 ± 0.4 RFU/sec, p < 0.05). Similarly, a negative correlation was found between ADAMTS-13 activity and HDL cholesterol levels in patients with AVS (r = −0.3, p = 0.045).
Conclusion Our data indicate that HDL levels are associated with reduced ADAMTS-13 activity and increased HMWM. HDL-based therapies may reduce the haematologic abnormalities of the acquired von Willebrand syndrome in AVS.
Cork Re-Wall: Computational Methods of Automatic Generation and Digital Fabrication of Cork Partition Walls for Building Renovation
Authors: Brandão Filipe Jorge da Silva , Paio Alexandra , Sousa José Pedro , Rato Vasco 
Published: January 2018

Recentes desenvolvimentos nos métodos computacionais e a sua integração com processos de fabricação digital permitem perspectivar um paradigma de fabricação personalizada. O referido paradigma é particularmente adequado à realidade da reabilitação de edifícios construídos com técnicas tradicionais, um corpo diversificado em que as intervenções são por natureza cirúrgicas e singulares, e em que os tabiques desempenham um papel importante na intervenção. O aglomerado negro de cortiça e o OSB (Oriented Strand Board), materiais naturais e renováveis, podem ter um papel central num sistema material que responda a este contexto. Cork re-Wall é um sistema construtivo parametricamente modelado, constituído por estrutura de madeira e placas compostas, de aglomerado negro de cortiça e contraplacado, e um processo digital file-to-factory que permite gerar soluções personalizadas de alta qualidade para contextos de projecto diversos.
Arachidonic Acid, but Not Omega‐3 Index, Relates to the Prevalence and Progression of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in a Population‐Based Study of Danish Men
Authors: Lindholt Jes S. , Kristensen Katrine L. , Burillo Elena , Martinez‐Lopez Diego , Calvo Carlos , Ros Emilio , Martín‐Ventura Jose L. , Sala‐Vila Aleix 
Published: January 2018

Background

Animal models support dietary omega‐3 fatty acids protection against abdominal aortic aneurysm (
AAA
), but clinical data are scarce. The sum of red blood cell proportions of the omega‐3 eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids, known as omega‐3 index, is a valid surrogate for long‐term omega‐3 intake. We investigated the association between the omega‐3 index and the prevalence and progression of
AAA
. We also investigated associations between
AAA
and arachidonic acid, an omega‐6 fatty acid that is a substrate for proinflammatory lipid mediators.

Methods and Results

We obtained blood samples from 498
AAA
patients (maximal aortic diameter ≥30 mm) within a population‐based ultrasound‐screening trial in men and from 199 age‐matched controls who screened negative. We determined the fatty acids of red blood cells by gas chromatography. During a median follow‐up of 4.85 years, 141
AAA
patients reached criteria for vascular surgical repair. Participants were high consumers of omega‐3 (average omega‐3 index: 7.6%). No significant associations were found for omega‐3 index. In contrast, arachidonic acid in
AAA
patients was higher than in controls (
P
<0.001), and individuals in the upper tertile of arachidonic acid at baseline had higher probability of having
AAA
(odds ratio: 1.309; 95% confidence interval, 1.021–1.678;
P
=0.033).
AAA
patients at the upper tertile of arachidonic acid at baseline had a 54% higher risk of needing surgical repair during follow‐up (hazard ratio: 1.544; 95% confidence interval, 1.127–2.114;
P
=0.007).

Conclusions

Omega‐3 index is unrelated to men with
AAA
from a country in which fish consumption is customarily high. Arachidonic acid is associated with
AAA
presence and progression.

Clinical Trial Registration

URL
:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier:
NCT
00662480.
A Tide of Merit
Authors: Tournier Vincent 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Stressing the importance of 5th–6th-century copper-plate charters connected to the Viṣṇukuṇḍin dynasty for the history of Buddhism in Āndhradeśa, this article demonstrates that, contrary to earlier scholarly assumptions, and despite the paucity of archeological evidence for Buddhist activity at that time, Buddhist lineages still benefitted from lavish donations by ruling families. This study consists of three parts: the first explores the representation of two Viṣṇukuṇḍin rulers as Buddhist kings, and shows how their portraits and their aspirations are permeated by the ideology of the Bodhisattvayāna. The second part examines one of the main recipients of royal donations, the Sthā̆vira/Theriya lineage of the Tāmraparṇīyas, already known from inscriptions issued under the previous Ikṣvāku dynasty. The analysis of these earlier records from Nagarjunakonda in light of little-studied copper plates shows that the Tāmraparṇīyas had a strong institutional presence in Āndhradeśa from the mid-3rd to the late 6th century. The lineage’s connections with Laṅkā and with other Theriya centres along the Bay of Bengal are delineated through a close examination of the terminology used in the inscriptions under scrutiny, in light of co-eval records, and especially of Pāli Vinaya literature and historical narratives. The last part of this article focuses on a poetic allusion to the episode of the Buddha’s victory over Māra included in the opening stanza of a grant issued by king Pr̥thivīśrīmūla. The evidence suggests that this record connects for the first time the water poured by Śākyamuni in his previous lives as a Bodhisattva with a flood that drove away Māra’s army from the seat of Awakening, a motif that grew—like a tide—and spread across Southeast Asia.
Preventive Composition Scheme in Oman as a Rescue Scheme: Still a Myth?
Authors: Al-Barashdi Saleh 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article examines Oman’s Commercial Code’s preventive composition scheme with creditors. Various conditions that a trader needs to meet in order to apply for preventive composition are highlighted. Then, the issues of management displacement, of staying creditors’ actions during the proceedings and of cramming-down dissenting creditors are examined. The article concludes by demonstrating that the preventive composition scheme in Oman is far from being a rescue scheme.
The Grounds for Setting Aside Arbitral Awards under the Egyptian Arbitration Code: Unresolved Choice of Law Issues and Unwanted Extraterritorialism
Authors: Badr Yehya Ikram Ibrahim 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article analyses the choice of law issues associated with setting aside an arbitral award under the Egyptian Arbitration Code (the Code), the challenges posed by applying the Code to arbitration conducted outside Egypt, and the lack of a clear criterion to define the Code’s scope of application. Choice of law issues – such as the law governing the parties’ capacity, the law governing the agreement to arbitrate and the applicable curial – are not addressed by defined choice of law rules. Under Egyptian law, there are several conflicting choices of rules. Finally, the article focuses on the Egyptian courts’ tendency to apply Egyptian law extraterritorially, either to protect Egyptian public policy or to apply Egyptian mandatory rules to determine the procedural validity of the arbitral award and the arbitration proceedings in general.
Two-tube method for treatment of spontaneous esophageal rupture and concomitant mediastinal infection
Authors: Yu Liang-liang , He Zheng-fu , Liu Qi-fang , Dai Ning , Si Jian-min , Ye Bei , Zhou Jian-cang 
Published: January 2018

Objective Spontaneous esophageal rupture (SER) is a rare but life-threatening condition with high mortality. The prognosis of patients with SER treated with surgical intervention or the traditional “three-tube” method is controversial. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy, feasibility, and safety of a new “two-tube” method involving a trans-fistula drainage tube and a three-lumen jejunal feeding tube for the treatment of SER without concomitant pleural rupture. Methods From January 2007 to June 2016, patients with SER and managed with the “two-tube” method or other methods were retrospectively analyzed. Data collected included initial presentation, procedure time, duration of treatment, numbers of patients with eventual healing of leaks, and complications. Results The average procedure time for the “two-tube” method was 22.1 ± 5.5 minutes. In comparison with the control method, the “two-tube” method had a similar diagnosis time (3.6 ± 1.4 vs. 3.4 ± 1.4 days) but a significantly higher successful closure rate (94.4% vs. 63.6%) and shorter treatment time (38.2 ± 5.6 vs. 53.6 ± 16.9 days). No complications associated with performance of the “two-tube” method occurred. Conclusion The “two-tube” method is an effective and safe approach for patients with SER.
Impact of a formal pharmacist-run oral antineoplastic monitoring program: A pilot study in an adult genitourinary oncology clinic
Authors: Conliffe Brette , Figg Lindsay , Moffett Padmini , Lauterwasser Leslie , Parsons Laura Beth 
Published: January 2018

Background In recent years, there has been a changing paradigm in the management of oncologic disease states from the use of intravenous therapies, requiring a visit to the infusion center or hospitalization, to new therapies that can be administered orally.1,2 Several publications have evaluated the role pharmacists may play in the initial prescribing of oral chemotherapy, however the impact of a formalized pharmacist follow-up program has not been well defined. This study evaluates the impact of a pilot pharmacist-run oral antineoplastic monitoring program. Methods This retrospective cohort analysis evaluated patients prescribed an oral antineoplastic in the genitourinary oncology clinic at an academic medical center between 1 July 2014 and 15 March 2017. Patients enrolled in the program were compared to a historical control group. The primary objective was adherence to pre-defined standards for monitoring. Secondary objectives include persistence on therapy, need to seek medical care, analysis of pharmacist interventions, patient satisfaction, and financial impact for the on-site retail pharmacy. Results In total, 33 patients were evaluated (11 cases, 22 controls). Average adherence to monitoring recommendations was significantly higher in the case group compared to controls (89% vs. 61%; p = 0.008). In total, 67 interventions were made by the clinical pharmacist with an average of 6 per patient. Conclusions This study shows that formalized pharmacist follow-up programs can improve patients’ adherence with antineoplastic monitoring standards. Additionally, pharmacists made clinically significant interventions and had high patient satisfaction, providing justification for expansion into other disease states.
How I treat type 2B von Willebrand disease
Authors: Kruse-Jarres Rebecca , Johnsen Jill M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractType 2B von Willebrand disease (VWD) is an inherited bleeding disorder caused by changes in von Willebrand factor (VWF) that enhance binding of VWF to GPIb on platelets. Although this disorder is seemingly well defined because of this single molecular defect, in reality type 2B VWD is a clinically heterogeneous disorder that can be difficult to identify and manage. Diagnostic criteria include a history of mucocutaneous bleeding, laboratory studies showing enhanced VWF binding of platelets and/or a 2B VWD genetic variant, and a family history consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. Thrombocytopenia, although not always present, is common and can be exacerbated by physiologic stressors such as pregnancy. The mainstay of therapy for type 2B VWD is VWF replacement therapy. Adjunct therapies useful in other types of VWD, such as antifibrinolytics, are also used in type 2B VWD. 1-Desamino-8-d-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP) is controversial because of exacerbation of thrombocytopenia, but is, in practice, sometimes used for minor bleeding. Here we review the available evidence and provide 3 clinical cases to illustrate the intricacies of diagnosing type 2B VWD to describe the response to DDAVP and to review complexities and management during pregnancy.
A dual role of the extracellular domain ofDrosophilaCrumbs for morphogenesis of the embryonic neuroectoderm
Authors: Das Shradha , Knust Elisabeth 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTEpithelia are highly polarised tissues and several highly conserved polarity protein complexes serve to establish and maintain polarity. The transmembrane protein Crumbs (Crb), the central component of the Crb protein complex, is required, among others, for the maintenance of polarity in most epithelia in the Drosophila embryo. However, different epithelia exhibit different phenotypic severity upon loss of crb. Using a transgenomic approach allowed us to more accurately define the role of crb in different epithelia. In particular, we provide evidence that the loss of epithelial tissue integrity in the ventral epidermis of crb mutant embryos is due to impaired actomyosin activity and an excess number of neuroblasts. We demonstrate that the intracellular domain of Crb could only partially rescue this phenotype, while it is able to completely restore tissue integrity in other epithelia. Based on these results we suggest a dual role of the extracellular domain of Crb in the ventral neuroectoderm. First, it is required for apical enrichment of the Crb protein, which in turn regulates actomyosin activity and thereby ensures tissue integrity; and second, the extracellular domain of Crb stabilises the Notch receptor and thereby ensures proper Notch signalling and specification of the correct number of neuroblasts.
Mind the Gap: Accounting for Measurement Error and Misclassification in Variables Generated via Data Mining
Authors: Yang Mochen , Adomavicius Gediminas , Burtch Gordon , Ren Yuqing 
Published: January 2018

The application of predictive data mining techniques in information systems research has grown in recent years, likely because of their effectiveness and scalability in extracting information from large amounts of data. A number of scholars have sought to combine data mining with traditional econometric analyses. Typically, data mining methods are first used to generate new variables (e.g., text sentiment), which are added into subsequent econometric models as independent regressors. However, because prediction is almost always imperfect, variables generated from the first-stage data mining models inevitably contain measurement error or misclassification. These errors, if ignored, can introduce systematic biases into the second-stage econometric estimations and threaten the validity of statistical inference. In this commentary, we examine the nature of this bias, both analytically and empirically, and show that it can be severe even when data mining models exhibit relatively high performance. We then show that this bias becomes increasingly difficult to anticipate as the functional form of the measurement error or the specification of the econometric model grows more complex. We review several methods for error correction and focus on two simulation-based methods, SIMEX and MC-SIMEX, which can be easily parameterized using standard performance metrics from data mining models, such as error variance or the confusion matrix, and can be applied under a wide range of econometric specifications. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of SIMEX and MC-SIMEX by simulations and subsequent application of the methods to econometric estimations employing variables mined from three real-world data sets related to travel, social networking, and crowdfunding campaign websites. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0727 .
ABCDE assessment and the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Authors: Steele Andrew , Greenwood Mark , Desai Hannah 
Published: January 2018

Whilst life-threatening emergencies are a rare occurrence in dental practice, a sound knowledge of the assessment of the critically unwell patient is vital for a positive patient outcome in a medical emergency. Automated External Defibrillators (AEDs) are now routine equipment in the out-of-hospital resuscitation of cardiac arrest and their use in dental practice is expected. This paper will discuss the assessment of the unwell adult patient using the Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability and Exposure (ABCDE) approach and the management of an adult cardiac arrest. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinicians should be aware of the correct assessment of a critically unwell patient and the management of an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
Dental burnout – is social media a help or hindrance?
Authors: Bain Crawford , Jerome Lloyd 
Published: January 2018

In the past 30 years Burnout has been recognized as a condition separate from, but related to, both Stress and Depression. More recently, Social Media has become the dominant medium of communication and, within dentistry, is used for education, advertising, self-promotion and group discussion. Increasing regulatory requirements, changes in NHS regulations and a more litigious society all contribute to increased pressures on dentists. All of these factors increase the risk of Burnout and this article reviews current information on the condition and the influences, both positive and negative of Social Media on the likelihood of Burnout in dental practitioners. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Dentistry is an already highly stressful profession and, while Social Media has the potential to reduce the risk of Burnout, it may also lead to increasing pressure on dentists. This article offers guidance to the clinician in managing these conflicting influences.
Errors and adverse events in dentistry – a review
Authors: Wright Simon , Crofts Gillian , Ucer Cemal , Speechley David 
Published: January 2018

As dental professionals we must change the way we think about error. By adopting a more positive, constructive approach, centred around analysing why errors happen, we can then accept our vulnerability and design systems and protocols to prevent errors from occurring. Errors are inextricably linked to human behaviour. Human factors in healthcare are concerned with ensuring patient safety through promoting efficiency, safety and effectiveness by improving the design of technologies, processes and work systems. Essentially, this embraces standardization and involves examining and designing out error. Health Education England has highlighted education in ‘human factors’ as a priority workstream, however, there are many impediments to progress as system changes are slow and difficult to implement. This effectively means that, at present, it is up to individual practitioners to introduce the concept of human factors into their practices. A number of factors have been identified that are critical to reducing error, namely teamwork, communication, leadership and fatigue. Furthermore, a number of strategies have been implemented in secondary care to help reduce the risk of error, including effective leadership, specific policy and procedure, and monitoring and measuring compliance. The majority of the causes of error are related to human factors rather than technical ability or inadequate knowledge. This has major implications for primary care practice, as currently we are concentrating our professional development on the use of technology and our intellectual capabilities, rather than implementing education within, and the development of, human factors. It is our recommendation that human factors form part of our undergraduate teaching and core CPD (Continued Professional Development). CPD/Clinical Relevance: There needs to be a paradigm shift from a culture of blame to a just culture, where it is accepted that, despite our experience, character and talents, we are going to commit errors.