bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the possibility of testing the no-hair theorem with Minkowski-deformed regular hairy black holes via photon rings
Authors: Yang Xilong , Tang Meirong , Xu Zhaoyi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate the optical appearance of a regular static spherically symmetric hairy black hole within the context of Minkowski deformation governed by the parameter $$\alpha $$
α
. This black hole describes a hairy black hole with geometric deformations in the radial and temporal metric components, parameterized by $$\alpha $$
α
. The optical appearance of the black hole, illuminated by a static thin accretion disk in three toy emission function models, exhibits distinctive shadows and photon rings. Our findings reveal that for static spherically symmetric hairy Minkowski-deformed regular black holes, the event horizon radius $$r_h$$

r
h

, photon sphere radius $$r_{ph}$$

r

ph

, critical impact parameter $$b_{ph}$$

b

ph

, and innermost stable circular orbit radius $$r_{isco}$$

r

isco

all have a positive correlation with $$\alpha $$
α
. These parameters affect the null geodesic trajectories, shadows, and the optical appearance of the photon rings illuminated by a static thin accretion disk around the black hole. Utilizing this, we obtained the optical appearance of this black hole when observed in the forward direction of the optical and geometric thin accretion disk models. In all three models, the radius of the photon ring images also shows a positive correlation with the parameter $$\alpha $$
α
. Therefore, under the static spherically symmetric hairy Minkowski-deformed regular black hole, there is no degeneracy of photon rings dependent on the parameter $$\alpha $$
α
. Theoretically, this allows for the distinction of different spacetime metrics of hairy Minkowski-deformed regular black holes, providing a potential method for testing the no-hair theorem through future observations of black hole photon rings.
Decorating the gauge/YBE correspondence
Authors: Catak Erdal , Mullahasanoglu Mustafa 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn this paper, we aim to study the three-dimensional $${\mathcal {N}}=2$$

N
=
2

supersymmetric dual gauge theories on $$S_b^3/\mathbb {Z}_r$$

S
b
3

/

Z
r

in the context of the gauge/YBE correspondence. We consider hyperbolic integral identities acquired via the equality of supersymmetric lens partition functions as solutions to the decoration transformation and the flipping relation in statistical mechanics. The solutions of those transformations aim at investigating various decorated lattice models possessing the Boltzmann weights of integrable Ising-like models obtained via the gauge/YBE correspondence. We also constructed The Bailey pairs for the decoration transformation and the flipping relation.
ECOLOGICAL VALIDATION AND RELIABILITY OF AN AI-BASED MECHANICAL DIAGNOSIS AND THERAPY (MDT) SYSTEM FOR CHRONIC MECHANICAL LOW BACK PAIN
Authors: HAN SANGKEUN , PARK CHANHEE , YOU SUNG (JOSHUA) H. 
Published: September 2024

Although mechanical diagnosis and therapy (MDT) is generally used for its accurate “hands-on manual or face-to-face diagnostic” classification and therapeutic efficacy in treating low back pain (LBP), the validity and test–retest reliability of an AI-based MDT platform (“Dr. AI”) for chronic LBP diagnosis remain unestablished. This research aimed to assess the validity and reliability of Dr. AI compared to the conventional face-to-face diagnosis by physical therapists (“Dr. PT”). Fifty participants ([Formula: see text] years, eight females) with chronic LBP were classified into postural, derangement, and other syndromes using MDT guidelines based on the signs, posture, and repeated movement tests. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) were employed to compare the classification accuracies of Dr. PT and Dr. AI. The significance value for linear regression and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyses was set at [Formula: see text]. Linear regression analysis demonstrated excellent validity ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]), indicating the outstanding accuracy of Dr. AI. The test–retest reliability data demonstrated good-to-excellent ICC (0.82–0.94; [Formula: see text]), indicating consistent measurements by Dr. AI. These findings highlight the important clinical application of the Dr. AI MDT system, which accurately and consistently identifies and classifies syndromes in chronic LBP in a remote or ecological environment. Our novel study has demonstrated more than 10% higher reliability and validity than previous studies.
Case Report: An Extremely Rare Case of Epitheloid Type Leiomyoma
Authors: Zhaffal Mokhamad , Tariq Shazia , Salame Anastasia 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Uterine leiomyomas are a frequent finding in women of reproductive age. However, rare, unusual growth patterns exist, such as atypical, cellular, mitotically active, myxoid, and epithelioid leiomyomas, and present a major concern as they mimic highly malignant uterine tumors such as uterine leiomyosarcomas. An example of such cases is the epithelial type leiomyoma which is the subject of our report in a 35‐year‐old female.Case: A 35‐year‐old, nulliparous lady presented with abnormal uterine bleeding to the emergency department. Workup revealed a suspicious uterine mass that was extending from the intramural part of the fundus down the cervical os. The patient was managed by open myomectomy without complications. The final pathology report revealed an extremely rare benign epithelial type leiomyoma, no malignancy, areas with minimal atypia and low mitotic activity (< 5/10 high power fields), and areas of focal necroses (possibly ischemic type) were seen. No coagulative tumor necrosis was noted.Conclusion: Uterine leiomyomas are a common pathology of the uterus that can be confused with malignant tumors, especially in the setting of unusual growth patterns such as the epitheloid leiomyomas. Definitive management involves myomectomies with regular follow‐up with favourable prognosis. It is important to properly manage these cases to avoid the overdiagnosis and mistreatment not to mention the repercussion of false diagnoses on the patient’s mental health and well‐being.
Depressive Symptoms and Metabolic Dysregulation Control: A Closer Look at Control Challenges in T2DM Patients
Authors: Yang Yang , Xing Zhenhua 
Published: September 2024

Background: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) face an increased risk of developing depression and metabolic dysregulation, which can lead to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the relationship between the severity of depression and metabolic dysregulation in patients with T2DM remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate this association using data from the ACCORD‐health‐related quality of life study.Methods and Results: Patient Health Questionnaire‐9 (PHQ‐9) scores and medication regimens were assessed at baseline, 1, 3, and 4 years, and HbA1c, blood pressure, and lipid levels were monitored every 4 months over a 4‐year period. The severity of depressive symptoms was categorized as none (0–4 points), mild (5–9 points), or moderate–severe (10–24 points) based on PHQ‐9 scores. Among the participants, 62% developed depressive symptoms at some point during the 4‐year follow‐up period, with 21% experiencing persistent depressive symptoms. Participants with moderate‐to‐severe depression exhibited 0.18% (0.12, 0.24) higher levels of HbA1c, 1.11 mmHg (95% CI, 0.04, 2.15) of SBP, 0.90 mmHg (95% CI, 0.22,1.58) of DBP, and 2.12(95% CI, −0.03, 4.27) mg/dL of LDL, and 0.97 (95% CI, 0.38, 1.56) mg/dL lower levels of HDL compared to their counterparts without depressive symptoms. Moreover, as the severity of depressive symptoms increased, variability in HbA1c and blood pressure levels also increased. Furthermore, patients with more severe depressive symptoms demonstrated suboptimal adherence to medication regimens.Conclusion: Our study found a significant association between depressive symptoms severity and metabolic control in T2DM patients. Greater depressive severity correlated with poorer glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control, alongside increased variability in these parameters. Additionally, patients with severe depressive symptoms showed suboptimal medication adherence. Addressing mental health in T2DM management is crucial to improve metabolic control and reduce CVD risks.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00000620
Nivolumab in Patients with Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer with and without DNA Repair Defects
Authors: Isaacsson Velho Pedro , Bastos Diogo Assed , Saint’ana Pedro Tofani , Rigatti Brenda , da Costa Emily Tonin , Muniz David Q.B. , Andreis Felipe , Ferreira Rafael Dal Ponte , Giongo Pedrotti Luana , Maistro Simone , Katayama Maria Lucia Hirata , Folgueira Maria Aparecida Azevedo Koike , Morelle Alessandra , Leal Alessandro , de Castro Gilberto 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Despite the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) across various cancers, their efficacy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is modest, except for a subset of patients who experience significant, yet unpredictable, benefits. DNA repair defects (DRD) are associated with higher neoantigen load, which may predict response. Our study explored the potential of DRD for enhanced responsiveness to the ICI nivolumab.

Patients and Methods:
We conducted a phase II, multicenter, single-arm trial evaluating nivolumab in patients with mCRPC with prior docetaxel therapy. The DRD were assessed using ctDNA. The primary endpoint was PSA50 response. Secondary endpoints included the objective response rate, radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), and overall survival. Also, exploratory comprehensive genomic profiling was performed via whole-exome sequencing of tumor samples and matched normal tissues, alongside PD-L1 expression evaluation.

Results:
Among the 38 enrolled patients, DRD was identifiable in 30.5% (11/36) through ctDNA and/or whole-exome sequencing analyses. The overall PSA50 response rate was 10.5% (4/38). The PSA50 and objective response rates did not significantly differ between patients with and without DRD (18.2% vs. 8%; P = 0.57 and 50% vs. 17.6%; P = 0.27, respectively). The median PSA-PFS (1.9 vs. 2.8 months; P = 0.52) and rPFS (3.4 vs. 5.5 months; P = 0.7) were not statistically different between patients with and without DRD. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events were reported in 47.3% of participants.

Conclusions:
Nivolumab has clinical activity in a subset of patients with mCRPC; however, DRD does not predict response. These results highlight the necessity of identifying new biomarkers to more accurately determine patients with mCRPC who might respond to ICIs.
From Knowability to Conjecturability, and Back Again
Authors: Heylen Jan , Grigoryan Kristine 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chiffi and Pietarinen (2020) argue that the knowability paradox disappears if we adopt the concept of conjecturability instead of knowability within the framework of Peirce’s theory of science. They make two main claims: first, conjecturability plays an all-important role in scientific inquiry and it explains better scientific progress than knowability; second, conjecturability does not produce aparadox akin to the knowability paradox. However, based on our reading of Peirce, we contend that knowability plays an important role in scientific inquiry and progress. Moreover, we show that there is a conjecturability paradox with an analogous conclusion as the knowability paradox, which is rooted in their modal analysis of conjecturability.
What Is Shiʿi Writing?
Authors: Warner George 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article examines three Būyid-era adab compendia by Shiʿi authors—al-Ābī’s Nathr al-durr, al-Sharīf al-Murtaḍā’s Ghurar al-fawāʾid and al-Sharīf al-Raḍī’s Nahj al-balāgha—analysing how these works express Shiʿi ideas and sentiments, and how these expressions are calibrated to take account of a presumed majority-non-Shiʿi readership. It is argued that this process is not simply one of dilution, rather the three works exhibit specific shared strategies that allow them to accommodate powerful assertions of Shiʿism without ceasing to be intelligible to non-Shiʿis. The article shows the complex relationships between these works, adab literature and Shiʿi legal and theological literature, inviting a reconsideration of how particular kinds of writing are deemed central or peripheral to Shiʿi thought and experience. In addition, these analyses supply important historical context for the composition of Nahj al-balāgha, a work that has long possessed immense status in multiple Muslim traditions as well as in Arabic literature.
The Samaritans as an Islamicate Minority, c. 750–950
Authors: Wood Philip 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article examines the testimony of the Arabic Samaritan Chronicle to examine the lachrymose account of the decline of the community. It compares this narrative to those of contemporary Christian sources and argues that the impression of crisis is appreciable worse than for most Christian populations. This rests in part on the small size of the Samaritan population, which made it vulnerable to natural disasters, and its separation from a wider Mediterranean diaspora, which might have allowed the community in Samaria to generate resources. It further argues that the strict exclusion of non-Samaritans made collaboration with Muslim authorities very hard for Samaritan leaders, which reduced its flexibility in dealing with authoritarian structures that might change rapidly.
Tetraspanin 3 promotes NSCLC cell proliferation via regulation of β1 integrin intracellular recycling
Authors: Zhang Yao , Wang Chenglong , Xu Yitong , Su Hongbo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The involvement of tetraspanins in cancer development has been widely implicated. In this study, the function and molecular mechanisms of tetraspanin 3 (TSPAN3) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells were explored.

Methods
Tissue samples from patients diagnosed with NSCLC were analyzed by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to indicate the involvement of TSPAN3 in cancer progression. In the meantime, we also performed exhaustive mechanistic studies using A549 and H460 cells in vitro through a variety of methods including western blotting, real-time PCR, immunofluorescent staining, coimmunoprecipitation, cell proliferation assay, and nocodazole (NZ) washout assay. Proper statistical analysis was implemented wherever necessary in this study.

Results
TSPAN3 was found to be highly expressed in lung cancer cells and tissues. Moreover, high levels of TSPAN3 positively correlated with poor differentiation, lymph node involvement, advanced pathological tumor-node-metastasis stage, and poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC. TSPAN3 showed potential to promote the proliferation of NSCLC cells in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, TSPAN3 was found to interact with β1 integrin via the LEL domain, thereby facilitating the sorting of β1 integrin into Rab11a endosomes and promoting β1 integrin recycling and upregulation.

Conclusions
Our findings reveal TSPAN3 may represent a potentially valuable therapeutic target for NSCLC.
The oncogenic ADAMTS1–VCAN–EGFR cyclic axis drives anoikis resistance and invasion in renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Wen Yu-Ching , Lin Yung-Wei , Ho Kuo-Hao , Yang Yi-Chieh , Lai Feng-Ru , Chu Chih-Ying , Chen Ji-Qing , Lee Wei-Jiunn , Chien Ming-Hsien 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Metastasis, the leading cause of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) mortality, involves cancer cells resisting anoikis and invading. Until now, the role of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-related enzyme, A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs 1 (ADAMTS1), in RCC anoikis regulation remains unclear.

Methods
The clinical significance of ADAMTS1 and its associated molecules in patients with RCC was investigated using data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and TCGA datasets. Human phosphoreceptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) array, luciferase reporter assays, immunoprecipitation (IP) assays, western blotting, and real-time reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR) were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of ADAMTS1. Functional assays, including anoikis resistance assays, invasion assays, and a Zebrafish xenotransplantation model, were conducted to assess the roles of ADAMTS1 in conferring resistance to anoikis in RCC.

Results
This study found elevated ADAMTS1 transcripts in RCC tissues that were correlated with a poor prognosis. ADAMTS1 manipulation significantly affected cell anoikis through the mitochondrial pathway in RCC cells. Human receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) array screening identified that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activation was responsible for ADAMTS1-induced anoikis resistance and invasion. Further investigations revealed that enzymatically active ADAMTS1-induced versican V1 (VCAN V1) proteolysis led to EGFR transactivation, which in turn, through positive feedback, regulated ADAMTS1. Additionally, ADAMTS1 can form a complex with p53 to influence EGFR signaling. In vivo, VCAN or EGFR knockdown reversed ADAMTS1-induced prometastatic characteristics of RCC. A clinical analysis revealed a positive correlation between ADAMTS1 and VCAN or the EGFR and patients with RCC with high ADAMTS1 and VCAN expression had the worst prognoses.

Conclusions
Our results collectively uncover a novel cyclic axis involving ADAMTS1–VCAN–EGFR, which significantly contributes to RCC invasion and resistance to anoikis, thus presenting a promising therapeutic target for RCC metastasis.
Characteristics and outcomes of emergency department patients across health care systems: an international multicenter cohort study
Authors: de Groot Bas , Meijs Nicoline T. C. , Moscova Michelle , Raven Wouter , Gaakeer Menno I. , Thijssen Wendy A. M. H. , Lameijer Heleen , Shetty Amith , Lassen Annmarie T. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
A wide variation of emergency medical system configurations across countries has limited the value of comparison of quality and performance measures in the past. Furthermore, lack of quantitative data on EDs prevents definition of the problems and possibilities for data driven improvement of quality of care. Therefore, the objective is to describe and compare Emergency Department (ED) populations and characteristics, and their outcomes in the Netherlands, Denmark and Australia, using a recently developed template for uniform reporting of standardized measuring and describing of care provided in the ED (structure, staffing and governance, population, process times and outcomes).

Methods
This international multicenter cohort included all consecutive ED visits from National Quality Registries or Databases from participating sites from three countries. Patient and ED characteristics (using the template for uniform reporting) and relevant clinical outcomes were described and compared per country.

Results
We included 212,515 ED visits in the Netherlands, 408,673 in Denmark and 556,652 in Australia. Patient characteristics differed markedly, with Australian ED patients being younger, less often triaged as “immediate”, and less often triaged with the high-risk chief complaints “feeling unwell” compared to Danish and Dutch patients. ED characteristics mainly differed with respect to the mean annual census per ED (Netherlands 26,738 (SD 2630), Denmark 36,675 (SD 12974), Australia 50,712 (4884)), median (IQR) lengths of stay of patients discharged home (Netherlands 2.1 (1.4–3.1); Denmark 2.8 (1.7–5.0); Australia 3.3 (2.0–5.0) hrs) and proportion of hospitalizations (ranging from 30.6 to 39.8%).
In-hospital mortality was 4.0% in Australia, higher compared to the Netherlands and Denmark (both 1.6%). Not all indicators of the framework were available in all registries.

Conclusions
Patient and ED characteristics and outcomes varied largely across countries. Meaningful interpretation of outcome differences across countries could be improved if quality registries would more consistently register the measures of the recently developed template for uniform reporting.
Usability and acceptability of self-testing for hepatitis C virus exposure in a high-prevalence urban informal settlement in Karachi, Pakistan
Authors: Mazzilli Sara , Aslam Muhammad K. , Akhtar Javed , Miazek Marta , Wailly Yves , Hamid Saeed , Shilton Sonjelle , Donchuk Dimitri , de Glanville William A. , Isaakidis Petros 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody self-testing (HCVST) may help expand screening access and support HCV elimination efforts. Despite potential benefits, HCVST is not currently implemented in Pakistan. This study aimed to assess the usability and acceptability of HCVST in a high HCV prevalence informal settlement in Karachi, Pakistan.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study in a hepatitis C clinic from April through June 2023. Participants were invited to perform a saliva-based HCVST (OraSure Technologies, USA) while following pictorial instructions. A study member evaluated test performance using a standardized checklist and provided verbal support if a step could not be completed. Perceived usability and acceptability were assessed using a semi-structured questionnaire. The HCVST was considered successful if the participant was able to complete all steps and correctly interpret test results. Overall concordance and positive and negative agreement were estimated in comparison with the HCVST result read by the study member (inter-reader concordance and agreement) and result of a second rapid HCV test (Abbott Diagnostics Korea Inc, South Korea) performed by a trained user (inter-operator concordance and agreement).

Results
The study included 295 participants of which 97 (32%) were illiterate. In total, 280 (95%, 95% CI 92–97%) HCVSTs were successful. Overall, 38 (13%) people performed the HCVST without verbal assistance, 67 (23%) needed verbal assistance in one step, 190 (64%) in two or more. Assistance was most often needed in managing the test buffer and test reading times. The inter-reader concordance was 96% and inter-operator concordance 93%. Inter-reader and inter-operator positive percent agreement were 84 and 70%, respectively. All participants reported they would use HCVST again and would recommend it to friends and family.

Conclusion
Saliva-based HCVST was very well accepted in this clinic-based setting. However, many people requested verbal support in several steps, highlighting the need for clear instructions for use and test devices that are simple to use, particularly in low literacy settings. Moderately low positive percent agreement with the results of a rapid test performed by a trained user highlights potential uncertainty in the accuracy of HCVST in the hands of lay users.