bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Soybean response to high‐speed planting in Mississippi
Authors: Olomitutu Oluwaseyi E. , Mulvaney Michael J. , Lowe J. Wes , Bryant Corey J. , Wallace John , Harper Noah , Larson Erick J. , Shavers Grant , Hilyer Tucker , Dhillon Jagman 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMississippi soybean [Glycine max (L.) Mer.] producers are under pressure to plant as much land as possible within narrow planting windows. The 5‐year average planting progress is 45% of the total at the end of the optimal soybean planting window. New metering and seed delivery technology claims faster planting without sacrificing singulation, stand, or yield, but these tools need to be validated before recommendation. This study aimed to quantify soybean response to planting speeds using a precision planter (John Deere MaxEmerge 2 row units retrofitted with Ag Leader SureSpeed and SureForce) and a mechanical planter (John Deere 1700 ground‐driven mechanical planter equipped with eSet meters) for a total of 7 site‐years across Mississippi. In 2022, both planters were evaluated at four actual ground speeds of 7.9, 10.8, 13.5, and 16.4 km h−1 in a 2 × 4 factorial design. The experimental design was modified in 2023, where the mechanical planter served as the current farmer practice check at 9.7 km h−1and the precision planter speeds were 9.7, 14.5, and 17.7 km h−1 at research station sites and 9.7 and 14.5 km h−1 at an on‐farm site. Across sites, increased planting speed generally increased plant spacing, in‐row spacing variability, and decreased plant population. However, increased speed did not affect soybean yield. The precision planter at 17.7 km h−1 was no different from the mechanical planter in terms of soybean plant population, spacing, and yield in 2023. Results suggest soybean producers can plant soybean at 17.7 km h−1 without compromising yield.
Sacubitril/valsartan reduces incident anaemia and iron therapy utilization in heart failure: The PARAGON‐HF trial
Authors: Lu Henri , Claggett Brian L. , Packer Milton , Pfeffer Marc A. , Lam Carolyn S.P. , Zile Michael R. , Desai Akshay S. , Jhund Pardeep , Lefkowitz Martin , McMurray John J.V. , Solomon Scott D. , Vaduganathan Muthiah 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimsRenin–angiotensin system inhibitors (RASi) have been shown to lower haemoglobin levels, potentially related to reductions in erythropoietin levels and haematopoiesis. We examined whether sacubitril/valsartan might attenuate this effect of RASi alone on incident anaemia in patients with heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFmrEF/HFpEF).Methods and resultsPARAGON‐HF was a global, multicentre randomized clinical trial of sacubitril/valsartan versus the RASi valsartan in patients with HF and left ventricular ejection fraction ≥45%. We evaluated haemoglobin trajectory and risks of incident anaemia and new iron therapy initiation during follow‐up. Among 4795 participants, 1111 (23.2%) had anaemia at randomization and 5.6% were treated with iron at baseline. Over a median follow‐up of 2.9 years, patients with anaemia were at significantly higher risk for total HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death, compared with those without anaemia (21.6 vs. 11.5 per 100 patient‐years; adjusted rate ratio 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12–1.54; p = 0.001). Sacubitril/valsartan slightly slowed the decline in haemoglobin levels by 0.1 g/dl (95% CI 0.0–0.2 g/dl; p = 0.005). Participants treated with sacubitril/valsartan were at significantly lower risk of developing anaemia (30.3% vs. 37.6%; hazard ratio [HR] 0.76; 95% CI 0.68–0.85; p < 0.001) and starting iron therapy (8.1% vs. 10.0%; HR 0.81; 95% CI 0.67–0.97; p = 0.026). Treatment effects of sacubitril/valsartan versus valsartan on total HF hospitalizations and cardiovascular death were consistent among patients across the haemoglobin spectrum (pinteraction = 0.60).ConclusionsAmong patients with HFmrEF/HFpEF, treatment with sacubitril/valsartan resulted in modestly smaller declines in haemoglobin, lower rates of incident anaemia, and fewer new initiations of iron therapy compared with RASi.Clinical Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01920711.
A Unified Prediction Strategy for Angle‐Resolved Polarized Raman Response of Black Phosphorus
Authors: Zou Bo , Yang Jinfeng , Xie Yong , Ke Dingning , Chen Yuxiang , Zhou Yan , Sun Huarui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPredicting the angle‐resolved polarized Raman spectroscopy (ARPRS) response of anisotropic layered materials (ALMs) is the ultimate goal in the field of ARPRS research. So far, multiple physical mechanisms are studied on the representative black phosphorus (BP) to understand the intricate ARPRS response. However, the lack of a complete physical picture of the response modulation has hindered progress in response prediction. Herein, using BP as an example, a unified strategy for predicting the thickness‐dependent ARPRS response of ALMs is proposed. Crucially, with only one ARPRS measurement of a bulk ALM of interest, the response of nanoflakes of any thickness can be predicted. This is achieved based on the core concept of intrinsic Raman anisotropy (RA). Integrated experiments, analysis, and calculations reveal that the response of bulk BP is reshaped by the rarely noticed anisotropic absorption effect, which leads to an unique thickness‐independent constant modulation. Therefore, the interference‐free bulk counterpart of ALMs can serve as an ideal platform for accurately accessing intrinsic RA. This work provides a new paradigm for ARPRS research and paves the way for profound study of intrinsic RA.
Equilibrium, Kinetic and Isotherm Studies of Dye Adsorption from Aqueous Solution by Recyclable Amine‐Functionalized Silica Coated Magnetic Nanoparticles
Authors: Islam Muhyminul , Manna Year Hossain , Rabbi Mohammad Ahasanur , Rahman Abdur , Ahmad Hasan , Mefford O. Thompson , Rahman Mahbubor , Alam Ashraful 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe evaluation of the adsorption capacity of amine‐functionalized silica coated iron oxide magnetic particles (Fe3O4/SiO2‐NH2) as a highly recyclable adsorbent for Congo Red (CR) and Eriochrome Black T (EBT) azo‐dyes from water is reported. The Fe3O4/SiO2‐NH2 were prepared by a simple co‐precipitation method of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles followed by silica coating on oleic acid coated Fe3O4. A series of investigation was performed to assess the various experimental parameters like contact time (0–360 min), pH (3–10), stirring speed (0–500 rpm), adsorbent dosages (0.02–0.12 g) and initial concentrations (0.02–0.15 mg mL−1) of dyes. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the maximum adsorption capacities of CR and EBT on Fe3O4/SiO2‐NH2 particles were found to be 211.86 mg g−1 and 81.98 mg g−1, respectively. In comparison, the pseudo‐second order model provided adsorption capacities of 200.40 mg g−1 for CR and 80.91 mg g−1 for EBT. Additionally, the maximum adsorption amounts of CR and EBT on Fe3O4/SiO2‐NH2 particles were 179.37 mg g−1 and 75.43 mg g−1, achieved within 300 min and 180 min at pH 3, respectively. The dye‐loaded particles were recoverable for CR and EBT removal by simple regeneration with 0.1 molL−1 NaOH solution to use the particles until more than five cycles.
First come, first observed: Utilizing observation as a pedagogical tool to transform leadership learning
Authors: Devies Brittany , Mitchell Grant R. , Gibson Katherine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLeadership observation is a technique that relies on active and inactive recall to enhance learning through connecting theoretic concepts to real‐world examples. This article makes the case that leadership observation should be thoughtfully used as a pedagogical tool to aid in students' leadership learning. Knowledge will be shared through personal narratives and practical strategies. Leadership educators should consider implementing moments of intentional observation into their curriculum to deepen student connections and prepare them for future endeavors.
Exploring Non-tidal Atmospheric Loading Deformation Correction in GNSS Time Series Analysis Using GAMIT/GLOBK Software
Authors: Khorrami Fatemeh , Ejigu Yohannes Getachew , Näränen Jyri , Raja-Halli Arttu , Nordman Maaria 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of non-tidal atmospheric loading on GNSS time series for a network covering the Nordic countries, with a specific focus on Finland. We processed a 5-month dataset from the year 2015 using GAMIT/GLOBK software, implementing two distinct non-tidal atmospheric loading grid models, namely ‘atmfilt’ and ‘atmdisp’. Our results reveal that both grid models yield similar improvements in the variability of GNSS coordinate time series, albeit with a slightly better performance for ‘atmdisp’ grid. Our results show that implementing these built-in models in the time series analysis yields up to a 14% improvement (reduction in scatter) in the vertical component for 75% of the selected stations. However, the enhancement diminishes for the horizontal components (increase in scatter), exacerbating the eastern component of time series. The corrections lead to a 10% improvement of the North component. We also examined the effectiveness of the loading corrections by comparing our processing-level corrected time series to the daily averaged time series improved by the loading model provided by EOST loading service as a post-processing approach. Given the relatively short 5-month duration of the time series, drawing definitive conclusions when comparing models is challenging. However, it is evident that the GNSS time series exhibits distinct variations related to atmospheric loading in their vertical positions across the various models that were examined.
Outpatient mental health care during high incidence phases of the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany – changes in utilization, challenges and post-COVID care
Authors: Fehr Mandy , Köhler Sabine , Roth-Sackenheim Christa , Geschke Katharina , Tüscher Oliver , Adorjan Kristina , Lieb Klaus , Hölzel Lars P. , Wiegand Hauke F. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
As only a few studies have examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health outpatient system so far, the aim of the COVID Ψ Outpatient Survey was to gain insight from outpatient providers in Germany regarding changes in utilization; associated problems and challenges; telemedicine services; interactions with inpatient and nursing home services; and experiences with post-COVID syndromes.

Methods
Between July and September 2021, we invited 351 randomly selected outpatient mental health specialists to take part in the online survey via e-mail. Additionally, we extended an invitation to professional associations to encourage their members to participate. N = 105 physicians of most regions of Germany took part in the survey.

Results
Survey participants reported changes in utilization during the high incidence phases (HIP) of the pandemic using pre-formulated categories: For the first HIP in spring 2020, 31% of the survey participants reported a decrease > 20% and 5% an increase > 20% of patient contacts. For the third HIP in spring 2021, 4% reported a decrease > 20% of contacts, while 30% an increase > 20%. Participants chose “patient’s fears of infection” and “providers protection measures” as reasons for decreases, and “pandemic related anxieties”, “economic stressors”, and “capacity reductions of the inpatient system” as reasons for increases of patient contact. Many providers introduced telemedicine services. A majority reported consultations for post-COVID syndromes already in spring 2021.

Conclusions
The survey hinted at changes in utilization, multiple problems but as well good-practice-solutions in the mental health outpatient system during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Explanatory gaps in evolutionary theory
Authors: Aaby Bendik Hellem , Dani Gianmaria , Ramsey Grant 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProponents of the extended evolutionary synthesis have argued that there are explanatory gaps in evolutionary biology that cannot be bridged by standard evolutionary theory. In this paper, we consider what sort of explanatory gaps they are referring to. We outline three possibilities: data-based gaps, implementation-based gaps, and framework-based gaps. We then examine the purported evolutionary gaps and attempt to classify them using this taxonomy. From there we reconsider the significance of the gaps and what they imply for the proposed need for an extended evolutionary synthesis.
Effects of a State Pre-kindergarten Program on the Kindergarten Readiness and Attendance of At-Risk Four-Year-Olds
Authors: Wu Jamie Heng-Chieh , Akaeze Hope Onyinye , Van Egeren Laurie A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe effect of public pre-kindergarten (pre-K) on the short-term outcomes of children from disadvantaged backgrounds is well established; however, the mechanisms for this effect are not well understood. Of the many factors that influence how pre-K participants progress during and after kindergarten, one understudied factor is the effect of pre-K participation on kindergarten attendance. The effects of absenteeism are cumulative, and habits established early in the school years are likely to affect later school outcomes. Thus, if pre-K improves kindergarten attendance, participants may be poised for later school success. To begin to test this hypothesis, we conducted a quasi-experimental study to examine the kindergarten readiness of 19,490 children and attendance records of 39,113 children who either were enrolled in Michigan’s Great Start Readiness Program (GSRP) or were placed on waitlists because their GSRP sites were full. Using variants of multilevel modeling, we found, as expected, that GSRP children performed better than waitlisted children on the Kindergarten Readiness Assessment. Examination of kindergarten attendance records found that waitlisted children were more likely to be absent than their counterparts who participated in GSRP, with particularly strong effects for children who were Black, economically disadvantaged, or English Language Learners.
Choosing to Provide: Early Medical Abortion and Clinician Conscience in Ireland
Authors: Donnelly Mary , Murray Claire 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProviders are essential to the delivery of abortion care. Yet, they often occupy an ambiguous space in political discourse around abortion. The introduction of a new abortion service in Ireland invites us to look afresh at providers. Since the Health (Regulation of Termination of Pregnancy) Act 2018 came into force, by far the most common form of abortion care has been early medical abortion (EMA). This is typically provided by General Practitioners (GPs), with approximately 10% of GPs having chosen to provide EMA. This article draws on an empirical study of providers to investigate their motivations for, and experiences of, provision and their views on colleagues who have not chosen to provide. The study shows that for many providers, the choice to provide was grounded in a moral commitment to protecting women’s rights to autonomy and health and ensuring that the harms of the past were not repeated. The article argues that notwithstanding increased normalisation of EMA in Ireland, conscience still has a role to play in abortion care provision and it is important to reflect on the various aspects of this role.
Comparative Analysis of Aerosol Direct Radiative Forcing During COVID-19 Lockdown Period in Peninsular India
Authors: Kotrike Tharani , Keesara Venkata Reddy , Sridhar Venkataramana , Pratap Deva 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The load of aerosols in the atmosphere has been increasing gradually due to industrialization and urbanization. This increase has contributed to change in the Earth’s radiation budget through the absorption or scattering of radiation. The aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) is a measurement utilized to comprehend the impact of cooling or warming up of the atmosphere directly by aerosols. Our study examined the impact of aerosols during the COVID-19 pandemic by comparing them to the average from the preceding 5-year period (2015–2019) in peninsular India. The measure of aerosols deployed in this study is the Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD), and the study was carried out on three distinct time frames: prior to lockdown, during lockdown, and post lockdown. The study revealed that the ADRF increased during all the three time frames of 2020 compared to the average of 2015–2019, and the other time scales experienced an increase in ADRF as well. The most notable rise in ADRF and decrease in temperature occurred in the tropical savanna and warm semi-arid climate regions during the pre-lockdown period. During lockdown, the increase in ADRF was seen throughout the study area, and a decrease in temperature was observed only in the tropical monsoon region. In the post-lockdown period, the decline in ADRF was accompanied by a fall in temperature in the tropical savanna region. This study provides insights into the effect of aerosols on ADRF in peninsular India and highlights the importance of monitoring and regulating aerosol emissions to mitigate the changes in temperature.
Workplace violence against junior doctors in Iraq: implications for job satisfaction and retention
Authors: Al-Shimari Fatima H. , Lafta Riyadh , Hagopian Amy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Introduction
Health workers worldwide report being exposed to workplace violence, but those in conflict settings (or post-conflict settings) are especially targeted, as political conflict shifts societal norms. Iraq has suffered war and conflict for decades. A 2013 study of 567 Iraqi-trained physicians found nearly 2/3 had emigrated to mostly English-speaking countries; further, half of those remaining wished to leave Iraq. While prior studies have examined the phenomenon of violence against health workers in Iraq, no qualitative study has characterized Iraqi front line junior doctors’ experiences of workplace violence within a workplace violence causal framework, to inform an educational and policy response.

Methods
We consented and interviewed 73 junior physicians at six teaching hospitals across Central Iraq between December 2021, and January 2022. We analyzed 22 of the 73 conversations, after rejecting 29 because they were terminated prematurely when doctors were called away for patient care, and 22 others where doctors indicated they had no experience with workplace violence. (Our goal was to understand these interactions, not to quantify them).

Results
The physicians we interviewed had been practicing an average 3 years since graduating from medical school (ranging from 6 months to 7 years). Interviewees represented eight hospital departments, with most coming from internal medicine and surgery. Within a socio-ecological framework, we identified two primary individual-level factors prompting patient-associated violence: patients and their families don’t understand triage (and resent being pushed to the side when doctors focus on more serious cases), and junior doctors (by definition) are young and inexperienced. At the family level, doctors reported patient relatives often demonstrate their devotion to the patient by acting out. At the hospital level, institutions are operating in an environment of scarcity, which generates high emotions as patients compete for attention, supplies and space. At a societal level, doctors reported family attacks persist because perpetrators face no real legal consequences. In addition to causes of violence, there are consequences. Doctors who are targets of violence reported experiencing mental health problems, including depression and loss of self-esteem, and reported thoughts of leaving their positions and even their country. Doctors also expressed regret for choosing a career in medicine.

Conclusion
Young, inexperienced junior doctors in Iraq are bearing the brunt of patient frustrations with the scarcity of resources in the health system. Hospitals would likely improve the job satisfaction of junior physicians, and their longevity in the health system, by attending to this problem.
The impact of ESG rating disagreement on corporate risk-taking: evidence from China
Authors: Dai Liyan , Wang Jingjing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the impact and underlying mechanisms of ESG rating disagreement on the risk-taking of Chinese companies listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2011 to 2020. The research reveals that ESG rating disagreement significantly increases corporate risk-taking. Mechanism tests show that corporate ESG rating disagreement can enhance corporate risk-taking by reducing information asymmetry and alleviating financing constraints. Further analyses find that the agency costs affect the enhancing effect of ESG rating disagreement on corporate risk-taking. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that ESG rating disagreement has a greater effect on corporate risk-taking for non-state-owned firms, small-sized firms, and young firms. This paper provides empirical evidence to promote the construction of China's ESG rating system and enhance corporate risk-taking.
MyD88's function in the emergence and growth of tumors
Authors: Liu Jiahui , Zhu Shipeng , Huang Qian , Yao Yi , Li Wei , Zhang Shi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMyD88 was initially discovered to be upregulated during interleukin (IL)-6-induced myeloid differentiation in the 1990s. Subsequent studies have identified it as a typical adapter for inflammatory signaling pathways downstream of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and IL-1 receptor families. MyD88 is profoundly involved in the NF-κB and its associated signaling pathways, which contribute to the proliferation and survival of B cells. The downstream products of MyD88's involvement in the pathway also define it as a key link of the inflammatory pathway. This suggests that MyD88 plays a vital role in the emergence and growth of both hematologic and solid tumors. In this review, we focus on the role of MyD88 in signaling pathways and explore its impact on tumors.
Expert consensus on the diagnosis and therapy of endo-periodontal lesions
Authors: Chen Bin , Zhu Yanan , Lin Minkui , Zhang Yangheng , Li Yanfen , Ouyang Xiangying , Ge Song , Lin Jiang , Pan Yaping , Xu Yan , Ding Yi , Ge Shaohua , Chen Faming , Song Zhongchen , Jiang Shaoyun , Sun Jiang , Luo Lijun , Ling Junqi , Chen Zhi , Yue Lin , Zhou Xuedong , Yan Fuhua 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEndo-periodontal lesions (EPLs) involve both the periodontium and pulp tissue and have complicated etiologies and pathogenic mechanisms, including unique anatomical and microbiological characteristics and multiple contributing factors. This etiological complexity leads to difficulties in determining patient prognosis, posing great challenges in clinical practice. Furthermore, EPL-affected teeth require multidisciplinary therapy, including periodontal therapy, endodontic therapy and others, but there is still much debate about the appropriate timing of periodontal therapy and root canal therapy. By compiling the most recent findings on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis of EPL-affected teeth, this consensus sought to support clinicians in making the best possible treatment decisions based on both biological and clinical evidence.