bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kierkegaard and the Limits of Thought
Authors: Watts Daniel 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis essay offers an account of Kierkegaard’s view of the limits of thought and of what makes this view distinctive. With primary reference toPhilosophical Fragments, and its putative representation of Christianity as unthinkable, I situate Kierkegaard’s engagement with the problem of the limits of thought, especially with respect to the views of Kant and Hegel. I argue that Kierkegaard builds in this regard on Hegel’s critique of Kant but that, against Hegel, he develops a radical distinction between two types of thinking and inquiry: the ‘aesthetic-intellectual’ and the ‘ethico-religious’. I clarify this distinction and show how it guides Kierkegaard’s conception of a form of philosophical practice that involves drawing limits to the proper sphere of disinterested contemplation. With reference to two rival interpretations of Kierkegaard’s approach to the limits of thought—which I call ‘bullet-biting’ and ‘relativizing’—I further show how my ‘disambiguating’ account can better explain how, and why, his work courts a form of self-referential incoherence, in which it appears that certain limits of thought are at once affirmed and violated.
Electromagnetohydrodynamic Flow of Powell-Eyring Fluids in a Narrow Confinement
Authors: Li F.-Q. , Jian Y.-J. , Xie Z.-Y. , Wang L. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this work, we investigate electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow of Powell-Eyring fluid through a slit confinement. The approximate analytical solution and numerical result of EMHD velocity are obtained by using homotopy perturbation method and Chebyshev spectral method, respectively. The analytical solutions are found to be in good agreement with numerical results under the same conditions. The influences of Hartmann number Ha, electrical field strength parameter S, the Powell-Eyring fluid parameters γ and β on velocity are discussed in detail. It is found that the volume flow rate of Newtonian fluid is always larger than that of Powell-Eyring fluid. The results reveal the intricate interaction between EMHD effect and fluid rheology involving non-Newtonian fluid. Therefore, the results are useful in dealing with some non-Newtonian biomicrofluidic systems.
Simulation of Flow Past a Cylinder With Adaptive Spectral Element Method
Authors: Hsu L.-C. , Ye J.-Z. , Hsu C.-H. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe simulations of flow past a two-dimensional circular cylinder are conducted to investigate the feasibility of adaptive mesh refinement applied on curved spectral elements. The nonconforming spectral element method and adaptive meshes technique are used to the curve surfaces and observe whether any discontinuity of the solutions. The adaptive nonconforming spectral element method is implemented to compare with those obtained by conforming mesh method with respect to several existing numerical and experimental studies. Meanwhile, three kinds of estimated error base mesh adaptation are conducted to compare their accuracy and efficiency with conforming mesh method. The results show adaptive nonconforming mesh method is more efficient than the conforming method. Especially, the vorticity error based method performs highest accuracy and fastest convergence. The results show this mesh refinement technique is applicable on the curved elements with satisfactory accuracy. It releases this technique may be applied on the simulations of flow past objects with more general geometries.
When empowering leadership fosters creative performance: The role of problem-solving demands and creative personality
Authors: Audenaert Mieke , Decramer Adelien 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the circumstances under which empowering leadership fosters creative performance. Arguments were developed for a three-way interaction of empowering leadership, problem-solving demands and creative personality in this linkage. These arguments resulted in competing hypotheses from a fit and a compensation perspective. The results from a survey of 213 employees of a Flemish large industrial organization were used. We found that less creative employees in jobs with high problem-solving demands particularly benefit from empowering leadership. This paper adds to a more complex understanding of the effectiveness of empowering leadership by highlighting the relevance of the simultaneous interplay of contextual and personal factors.
Lunch at school and children’s cognitive functioning in the early afternoon: results from the Cognition Intervention Study Dortmund Continued (CoCo)
Authors: Schröder Maike , Müller Katrin , Falkenstein Michael , Stehle Peter , Kersting Mathilde , Libuda Lars 
Published: September 2016

AbstractStudies about effects of school lunch on children’s cognition are rare; two previous studies (CogniDo, CogniDo PLUS) generally found no negative effects of lunch on children’s cognitive performance at the end of lunch break (i.e. 45 min after finishing lunch), but suggested potential beneficial effects for single parameters. Therefore, the present study investigated the hypothesis of potential positive effects of school lunch on cognitive performance at early afternoon (90 min after finishing lunch). A randomised, cross-over intervention trial was conducted at a comprehensive school with fifth and sixth grade students. Participants were randomised into two groups: On day 1, group 1 did not eat lunch, whereas group 2 received lunch ad libitum. On day 2 (1 week later), group 2 did not eat lunch and group 1 received lunch ad libitum. The cognitive parameters task switching, working memory updating and alertness were tested using a computerised test battery 90 min after finishing the meal. Of the 204 recruited children, fifty were excluded because of deviations from the study protocol or absence on one of the 2 test days, which resulted in 154 participants. Data showed no significant effects of lunch on task switching, working memory updating and alertness (P values between 0·07 and 0·79). The present study suggests that school lunch does not seem to have beneficial effects on children’s cognitive functions regarding the conducted tests at early afternoon. Together with our previous studies, we conclude that school lunch in general has no negative effects on cognitive performance in children. However, beneficial effects seem to be restricted to a relatively short time period after eating lunch.
Effects of aerobic exercise performed in fasted v. fed state on fat and carbohydrate metabolism in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Vieira Alexandra Ferreira , Costa Rochelle Rocha , Macedo Rodrigo Cauduro Oliveira , Coconcelli Leandro , Kruel Luiz Fernando Martins 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to verify the effect of aerobic exercise performed in the fasted v. fed states on fat and carbohydrate metabolism in adults. Searches were conducted in March 2015, and updated in July 2016, using PubMed®, Scopus and Cochrane databases (terms: ‘fasting’, ‘exercise’, ‘aerobic exercise’, ‘substrate’, ‘energy metabolism’, ‘fat’, ‘glucose’, ‘insulin’ and ‘adult’) and references from selected studies. Trials that compared the metabolic effects of aerobic exercise (duration ≤120 min) performed in the fasted v. fed states in adults were accepted. The outcomes evaluated were fat oxidation during exercise and the plasma concentrations of insulin, glucose and NEFA before and immediately after exercise; two independent reviewers extracted the data (A. F. V. and L. C.). The results were presented as weighted mean differences between treatments, with 95 % CI. Of 10 405 articles identified, twenty-seven studies – with a total of 273 participants – were included. There was a significant increase in fat oxidation during exercise performed in the fasted, compared with fed, state (−3·08 g; 95 % CI −5·38, −0·79; I2 39·1 %). The weighted mean difference of NEFA concentrations was not significantly different between states (0·00 mmol/l; 95 % CI −0·07, 0·08; I2 72·7 %). However, the weighted mean differences of glucose (0·78 mmol/l; 95 % CI 0·43, 1·14; I2 90·8 %) and insulin concentrations (104·5 pmol/l; 95 % CI 70·8, 138·2; I2 94·5 %) were significantly higher for exercise performed in the fed state. We conclude that aerobic exercise performed in the fasted state induces higher fat oxidation than exercise performed in the fed state.
Genetic dissection of flour whiteness by unconditional and conditional quantitative trait locus mapping in wheat
Authors: DENG Z. Y. , LI W. J. , CHEN F. , FANG W. Q. , CHEN G. F. , SUN C. L. , ZHANG Y. X. , WANG S. Y. , TIAN J. C. 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYFlour whiteness (FW) is an important factor in assessing flour quality and determining the end product quality. It is an integrated sensory indicator reflecting flour colour and is negatively correlated with protein content. In order to dissect the genetic relationship between FW and its five related traits at the quantitative trait locus (QTL)/gene level, a recombinant inbred line population was evaluated under three environments. Quantitative trait loci for FW were analysed by unconditional and conditional QTL mapping. Four unconditional additive QTLs and 16 conditional additive QTLs were detected across the three environments. Of these QTLs, only one major additive QTL (Qfw1D1-1) was consistently identified using both unconditional and conditional QTL analysis. This QTL was independent of flour colour a* (a function of red-green with a positive a* for redness and negative for greenness) and b* (a green-blue value with positive value for yellowness and negative for blueness) and was only slightly affected by flour protein content. A minor additive QTL (Qfw4A-4) was also detected using these two QTL mapping methods, being independent of flour colour a* and b*. Five unconditional and ten conditional epistatic minor QTLs were detected, from which only one pair (Qfw3A-10/Qfw6B-6) was identified by both unconditional and conditional QTL mapping, also independent of flour colour a* and b*. The major QTL (Qfw1D1-1) identified in the current study for the first time can be used for improving wheat FW in marker-assisted breeding.
‘The rez accent knows no borders’: Native American ethnic identity expressed through English prosody
Authors: Newmark Kalina , Walker Nacole , Stanford James 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn many Native American and Canadian First Nations communities, indigenous languages are important for the linguistic construction of ethnic identity. But because many younger speakers have limited access to their heritage languages, English may have an even more important role in identity construction than Native languages do. Prior literature shows distinctive local English features in particular tribes. Our study builds on this knowledge but takes a wider perspective: We hypothesize that certain features are shared across much larger distances, particularly prosody. Native cultural insiders (the first two co-authors) had a central role in this project. Our recordings of seventy-five speakers in three deliberately diverse locations (Standing Rock Sioux Reservation, North/South Dakota; Northwest Territories, Canada; and diverse tribes represented at Dartmouth College) show that speakers are heteroglossically performing prosodic features to index Native ethnic identity. They have taken a ‘foreign’ language (English) and enregistered these prosodic features, creatively producing and reproducing a shared ethnic identity across great distances. (Native Americans, prosody, ethnicity, ethnic identity, English, dialects)*
Ion charge state and energy enhancement by axial magnetic field applied during laser produced plasma expansion
Authors: Abbasi S.A. , Dogar A.H. , Ilyas B. , Ullah S. , Rafique M. , Qayyum A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe effects of axial magnetic field on the properties of the ions ejected from Nd:YAG laser (wavelength = 1064 nm, pulse duration = 6 ns) produced expanding Cu plasma were investigated. A plane Cu target, without and with 0.23 T axial magnetic field at its surface, was irradiated in the fluence range of 2–24 J/cm2. The ions emitted along the target surface normal were analyzed with the help of ion collector and time-of-flight electrostatic ion energy analyzer. The integrated ion yield, highest ion charge state, average ion energy, and energy of individual ion charge states were found to increase by application of the magnetic field. The initial parameters of the non-equilibrium plasma such as average ion charge, equivalent potential, electron temperature, electron density, Debye length, and transient electric field were estimated from the experimental results obtained without and with application of the magnetic field. The increase of ion yield and ion charge state by application of magnetic field are most probably due to the trapping of electrons in front of the target surface, which boosts up the electron impact ionization process. The ion energy increment due to the magnetic field is discussed in the frame work of electrostatic model for ion acceleration in laser plasma.
Electrical characterization of atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge-based cold plasma jet using ring electrode configuration
Authors: Divya Deepak G. , Joshi N.K. , Pal U. , Prakash R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this study, an atmospheric pressure cold plasma jet has been generated based on dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The double ring electrode configuration is used and analysis has been performed subjected to wide range of supply frequencies up to 25 kHz and supply voltage up to 6 kV. The electrical characterization of the plasma jet has been carried out using a high voltage probe. The V-I characteristics of the developed cold plasma jet have been studied and the consumption of the power has been analyzed at various input combinations of supply frequency and applied voltage. Consequently, the supply voltage and supply frequency are optimized with respect to the discharge current and jet length for optimum power consumption. The peak power consumed for glow discharge operation has been found to be 1.27 W in the optimized configuration.
Units of group rings, the Bogomolov multiplier and the fake degree conjecture
Authors: GARCÍA–RODRÍGUEZ JAVIER , JAIKIN–ZAPIRAIN ANDREI , JEZERNIK URBAN 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLet π be a finite p-group and ${\mathbb{F}_{q}}$ a finite field with q = pn elements. Denote by $\I_{\mathbb{F}_{q}}$ the augmentation ideal of the group ring ${\mathbb{F}_{q}}$[π]. We have found a surprising relation between the abelianization of 1 + $\I_{\mathbb{F}_{q}}$, the Bogomolov multiplier B0(π) of π and the number of conjugacy classes k(π) of π:
$$
\left | (1+\I_{\Fq})_{\ab} \right |=q^{\kk(\pi)-1}|\!\B_0(\pi)|.

In particular, if π is a finite p-group with a non-trivial Bogomolov multiplier, then 1 + $\I_{\mathbb{F}_{q}}$ is a counterexample to the fake degree conjecture proposed by M. Isaacs.
Holes of the Leech lattice and the projective models of K3 surfaces
Authors: SHIMADA ICHIRO 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUsing the theory of holes of the Leech lattice and Borcherds method for the computation of the automorphism group of a K3 surface, we give an effective bound for the set of isomorphism classes of projective models of fixed degree for certain K3 surfaces.
Child-directed and nutrition-focused marketing cues on food packaging: links to nutritional content
Authors: Lapierre Matthew A , Brown Autumn M , Houtzer Hunter V , Thomas Tyler J 
Published: September 2016

AbstractObjectiveWe tested whether the presence of both child-targeted and nutrition-focused (i.e. parent-targeted) marketing cues on food packaging was associated with the nutritional content of these products.DesignWe conducted a quantitative content analysis of 403 food packages chosen randomly from the supermarket’s online portal along with all products (n 312) from the cereal aisle in a supermarket from the Southeastern USA. We examined main and interaction effects for cues on nutritional content (e.g. energy density, sugar, sodium, fibre).SettingA regional supermarket chain in the Southeastern USA.ResultsTests of main effects indicated that increased presence of nutritional cues was linked to more nutritious content (e.g. less sugar, less saturated fat, more fibre) while the increased presence of child-targeted cues was uniformly associated with less nutritious content (e.g. more sugar, less protein, less fibre). Among the interaction effects, results revealed that products with increased nutrition-focused and child-targeted cues were likely to contain significantly more sugar and less protein than other products.ConclusionsProducts that seek to engage children with their packaging in the supermarket are significantly less nutritious than foods that do not, while product packages that suggest nutritional benefits have more nutritious content. More importantly, the study provides evidence that those products which try to engage both child and parent consumers are significantly less healthy in crucial ways (e.g. more sugar, less fibre) than products that do not.
Correlation between clinically measured breast size and CT-measured breast volume: implications for prone breast radiotherapy
Authors: Alwers Elizabeth , González Andrea , Torres Felipe , Arbeláez Juan C. , Gaitán Armando , Cendales Ricardo 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPurposeTo determine if a patient’s breast size accurately correlates with the breast volume measured in the computed tomography (CT) scan, and to determine which sizes correspond to a volume >750 cc; in order to predict which patients will benefit from breast irradiation in the prone position.MethodsBreast size was calculated as the difference between the thoracic (band) and breast (bust) circumferences. Breast volume was contoured by a radiation oncologist and measured on the simulation CT scan. Pearson’s coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between both variables. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the optimal cut-off point to predict which differences between band and bust would be associated with a volume ≥750 cc.ResultsFifty-nine patients were included in this study. Mean breast volume was 851·8 cc and mean size difference was 4·7 inches. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0·61 (p<0·001). The ROC analysis determined that a difference of 5 inches between the band and bust circumferences was the optimal cut-off point to determine a breast volume of 750 cc.ConclusionsA significant correlation between breast size as measured in the clinical practice and breast volume measured in the CT scan was found. Among other characteristics, a 5-inch difference between breast band and bust will be the cut-off point to decide if a patient will be treated prone at our institution.
Assessing the effects of ultraviolet radiation on the photosynthetic potential in Archean marine environments
Authors: Avila-Alonso Dailé , Baetens Jan M. , Cardenas Rolando , De Baets Bernard 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this work, the photosynthesis model presented by Avilaet al. in 2013 is extended and more scenarios inhabited by ancient cyanobacteria are investigated to quantify the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on their photosynthetic potential in marine environments of the Archean eon. We consider ferrous ions as blockers of UV during the Early Archean, while the absorption spectrum of chlorophyllais used to quantify the fraction of photosynthetically active radiation absorbed by photosynthetic organisms. UV could have induced photoinhibition at the water surface, thereby strongly affecting the species with low light use efficiency. A higher photosynthetic potential in early marine environments was shown than in the Late Archean as a consequence of the attenuation of UVC and UVB by iron ions, which probably played an important role in the protection of ancient free-floating bacteria from high-intensity UV radiation. Photosynthetic organisms in Archean coastal and ocean environments were probably abundant in the first 5 and 25 m of the water column, respectively. However, species with a relatively high efficiency in the use of light could have inhabited ocean waters up to a depth of 200 m and show a Deep Chlorophyll Maximum near 60 m depth. We show that the electromagnetic radiation from the Sun, both UV and visible light, could have determined the vertical distribution of Archean marine photosynthetic organisms.
Shielding biomolecules from effects of radiation by Mars analogue minerals and soils
Authors: Ertem G. , Ertem M. C. , McKay C. P. , Hazen R. M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOrganic compounds have been delivered over time to Mars via meteorites, comets and interplanetary dust particles. The fate of organic material on the surface of Mars must be affected by the Martian environment, in particular by ultraviolet (UV) and other ionizing radiation. Penetration depth of UV radiation into soils is in the sub-millimetre to millimetre range and depends on the properties of the soil. The aim of this research is to study the possible protective role of Martian analogue minerals and soils for survivability of biomolecules against UV radiation and to compare their decomposition rates within a 1 mm-thick portion of the surface. Results demonstrated that minerals offer significant protection to biomolecules purine, pyrimidine and uracil against UV photolysis. In the absence of these minerals, organic compounds are completely degraded when subjected directly to UV photolysis equivalent to only 5 Martian day's exposure. However, similar UV exposure of organics dried from solution onto powdered calcium carbonate (calcite; CaCO3), calcium sulphate (anhydrite; CaSO4), clay-bearing Atacama dessert soil and 7 Å clay mineral kaolinite [Al2Si2O5(OH)4] results in only 1–2% loss of organics. Mixtures of purine and uracil with calcium carbonate exposed to gamma radiation of 3 Gy (3 Gray), which corresponds to approximately 15 000 days on Mars, results in up to 10% loss of organics. By contrast, these organic compounds completely decomposed upon mixing with iron oxide (Fe2O3) before UV irradiation. As the search for extinct or extant life on Mars has been identified as a goal of top priority in NASA's Mars Exploration Program and continues with several missions planned to the red planet by both NASA and the European Space Agency (ESA) in the next few decades, our findings may play a useful role in identifying optimal target sites on the Martian surface for future missions.
A contribution to the ectoparasite fauna of bats (Mammalia: Chiroptera) in Mindoro Island, Philippines: I. Blood sucking Diptera (Nycteribiidae, Streblidae) and Siphonaptera (Ischnopsyllidae)
Authors: Alvarez James D. V. , Lit Ireneo L. , Alviola Phillip A. , Cosico Edison A. , Eres Eduardo G. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
New data on bat ectoparasites from Mindoro Island, Philippines are reported. Eighty-three individuals of ectoparasitic insects representing seven species of Nycteribiidae and five species of Streblidae (both Diptera), and one species of Ischnopsyllidae (Siphonaptera) were recorded from 11 bat species captured in Naujan Lake National Park, Mindoro Oriental Province, Philippines. Raymondia pagodarum is a new record for the country. Eight species are also newly recorded for Mindoro Island, including Cyclopodia garrula, Leptocyclopodia ferrarii mabuhai, Megastrebla parvior, Brachytarsina amboinensis, B. werneri, R. pagodarum, R. pseudopagodarum and Thaumapsylla longiforceps. Five species are newly documented on various hosts: C. horsfieldi on Pteropus pumilus, M. parvior on Macroglossus minimus, B. amboinensis on Hipposideros diadema, B. werneri on Rhinolophus arcuatus and R. pagodarum on Hipposideros bicolor.