bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A panel of free fatty acid ratios to predict the development of metabolic abnormalities in healthy obese individuals
Authors: Zhao Linjing , Ni Yan , Ma Xiaojing , Zhao Aihua , Bao Yuqian , Liu Jiajian , Chen Tianlu , Xie Guoxiang , Panee Jun , Su Mingming , Yu Herbert , Wang Congrong , Hu Cheng , Jia Weiping , Jia Wei 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIncreasing evidences support that metabolically healthy obese (MHO) is a transient state. However, little is known about the early markers associated with the development of metabolic abnormalities in MHO individuals. Serum free fatty acids (FFAs) profile is highlighted in its association with obesity-related insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). To examine the association of endogenous fatty acid metabolism with future development of metabolic abnormalities in MHO individuals, we retrospectively analyzed 24 [product FFA]/[precursor FFA] ratios in fasting sera and clinical data from 481 individuals who participated in three independent studies, including 131 metabolic healthy subjects who completed the 10-year longitudinal Shanghai Diabetes Study (SHDS), 312 subjects cross-sectionally sampled from the Shanghai Obesity Study (SHOS) and 38 subjects who completed an 8-week very low carbohydrate diet (VLCD) intervention study. Results showed that higher baseline level of oleic acid/stearic acid (OA/SA) and lower levels of stearic acid/palmitic acid (SA/PA) and arachidonic acid/dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (AA/DGLA) ratios were associated with higher rate of MHO to MUO conversion in the longitudinal SHDS. Further, the finding was validated in the cross-sectional and interventional studies. This panel of FFA ratios could be used for identification and early intervention of at-risk obese individuals.
A previously unrecognized role of C3a in proteinuric progressive nephropathy
Authors: Morigi Marina , Locatelli Monica , Rota Cinzia , Buelli Simona , Corna Daniela , Rizzo Paola , Abbate Mauro , Conti Debora , Perico Luca , Longaretti Lorena , Benigni Ariela , Zoja Carlamaria , Remuzzi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPodocyte loss is the initial event in the development of glomerulosclerosis, the structural hallmark of progressive proteinuric nephropathies. Understanding mechanisms underlying glomerular injury is the key challenge for identifying novel therapeutic targets. In mice with protein-overload induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA), we evaluated whether the alternative pathway (AP) of complement mediated podocyte depletion and podocyte-dependent parietal epithelial cell (PEC) activation causing glomerulosclerosis. Factor H (Cfh−/−) or factor B-deficient mice were studied in comparison with wild-type (WT) littermates. WT+BSA mice showed podocyte depletion accompanied by glomerular complement C3 and C3a deposits, PEC migration to capillary tuft, proliferation and glomerulosclerosis. These changes were more prominent in Cfh−/− +BSA mice. The pathogenic role of AP was documented by data that factor B deficiency preserved glomerular integrity. In protein-overload mice, PEC dysregulation was associated with upregulation of CXCR4 and GDNF/c-Ret axis. In vitro studies provided additional evidence of a direct action of C3a on proliferation and CXCR4-related migration of PECs. These effects were enhanced by podocyte-derived GDNF. In patients with proteinuric nephropathy, glomerular C3/C3a paralleled PEC activation, CXCR4 and GDNF upregulation. These results indicate that mechanistically uncontrolled AP complement activation is not dispensable for podocyte-dependent PEC activation resulting in glomerulosclerosis.
Layer-specific potentiation of network GABAergic inhibition in the CA1 area of the hippocampus
Authors: Colavita Michelangelo , Terral Geoffrey , Lemercier Clement E. , Drago Filippo , Marsicano Giovanni , Massa Federico 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOne of the most important functions of GABAergic inhibition in cortical regions is the tight control of spatiotemporal activity of principal neuronal ensembles. However, electrophysiological recordings do not provide sufficient spatial information to determine the spatiotemporal properties of inhibitory plasticity. Using Voltage Sensitive Dye Imaging (VSDI) in mouse hippocampal slices, we demonstrate that GABAA-mediated field inhibitory postsynaptic potentials undergo layer-specific potentiation upon activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGlu). VSDI recordings allowed detection of pharmacologically isolated GABAA-dependent hyperpolarization signals. Bath-application of the selective group-I mGlu receptor agonist, (S)-3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), induces an enhancement of the GABAergic VSDI-recorded signal, which is more or less pronounced in different hippocampal layers. This potentiation is mediated by mGlu5and downstream activation of IP3receptors. Our results depict network GABAergic activity in the hippocampal CA1 region and its sub-layers, showing also a novel form of inhibitory synaptic plasticity tightly coupled to glutamatergic activity.
Single photon triggered dianion formation in TCNQ and F4TCNQ crystals
Authors: Ma Lin , Hu Peng , Jiang Hui , Kloc Christian , Sun Handong , Soci Cesare , Voityuk Alexander A. , Michel-Beyerle Maria E. , Gurzadyan Gagik G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractExcited state dynamics in two strong organic electron acceptor systems, TCNQ and F4TCNQ single crystals, was studied. After absorption of a single photon, dianions are formed in both crystals on ultrashort timescale: TCNQ τ < 50 fs, F4TCNQ τ = 4 ps. By use of transient absorption spectroscopy, we demonstrate that the dianion formation in F4TCNQ is mediated by the radical anion precursor which is described by a two-step model. Our measurements show the phenomenon that in this quinoid acceptor crystals in the absence of additional donor molecule, it is possible to resolve the two step formation of a doubly charged anion upon absorption of a single low energy photon (2.6 eV).
Two types of soybean diacylglycerol acyltransferases are differentially involved in triacylglycerol biosynthesis and response to environmental stresses and hormones
Authors: Chen BeiBei , Wang Junejie , Zhang Gaoyang , Liu Jiaqi , Manan Sehrish , Hu Honghong , Zhao Jian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDiacylglycerol acyltransferases (DGATs) play a key role in plant triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis. Two type 1 and 2 DGATs from soybean were characterized for their functions in TAG biosynthesis and physiological roles. GmDGAT1A is highly expressed in seeds while GmDGAT2D is mainly expressed in flower tissues. They showed different expression patterns in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. GmDGAT2D was up-regulated by cold and heat stress and ABA signaling and repressed by insect biting and jasmonate, whereas GmDGAT1A show fewer responses. Both GmDGAT1A and GmDGAT2D were localized to the endoplasmic reticulum and complemented the TAG deficiency of a yeast mutant H1246. GmDGAT2D-transgenic hairy roots synthesized more 18:2- or 18:1-TAG, whereas GmDGAT1A prefers to use 18:3-acyl CoA for TAG synthesis. Overexpression of both GmDGATs in Arabidopsis seeds enhanced the TAG production; GmDGAT2D promoted 18:2-TAG in wild-type but enhanced 18:1-TAG production in rod1 mutant seeds, with a decreased 18:3-TAG. However, GmDGAT1A enhanced 18:3-TAG and reduced 20:1-TAG contents. The different substrate preferences of two DGATs may confer diverse fatty acid profiles in soybean oils. While GmDGAT1A may play a role in usual seed TAG production and GmDGAT2D is also involved in usual TAG biosynthesis in other tissues in responses to environmental and hormonal cues.
Stochastic Evolution Dynamic of the Rock–Scissors–Paper Game Based on a Quasi Birth and Death Process
Authors: Yu Qian , Fang Debin , Zhang Xiaoling , Jin Chen , Ren Qiyu 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStochasticity plays an important role in the evolutionary dynamic of cyclic dominance within a finite population. To investigate the stochastic evolution process of the behaviour of bounded rational individuals, we model the Rock-Scissors-Paper (RSP) game as a finite, state dependent Quasi Birth and Death (QBD) process. We assume that bounded rational players can adjust their strategies by imitating the successful strategy according to the payoffs of the last round of the game and then analyse the limiting distribution of the QBD process for the game stochastic evolutionary dynamic. The numerical experiments results are exhibited as pseudo colour ternary heat maps. Comparisons of these diagrams shows that the convergence property of long run equilibrium of the RSP game in populations depends on population size and the parameter of the payoff matrix and noise factor. The long run equilibrium is asymptotically stable, neutrally stable and unstable respectively according to the normalised parameters in the payoff matrix. Moreover, the results show that the distribution probability becomes more concentrated with a larger population size. This indicates that increasing the population size also increases the convergence speed of the stochastic evolution process while simultaneously reducing the influence of the noise factor.
Let-7i-5p represses brite adipocyte function in mice and humans
Authors: Giroud Maude , Karbiener Michael , Pisani Didier F. , Ghandour Rayane A. , Beranger Guillaume E. , Niemi Tarja , Taittonen Markku , Nuutila Pirjo , Virtanen Kirsi A. , Langin Dominique , Scheideler Marcel , Amri Ez-Zoubir 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn response to cold or β3-adrenoreceptor stimulation brown adipose tissue (BAT) promotes non-shivering thermogenesis, leading to energy dissipation. BAT has long been thought to be absent or scarce in adult humans. The recent discovery of thermogenic brite/beige adipocytes has opened the way to development of novel innovative strategies to combat overweight/obesity and associated diseases. Thus it is of great interest to identify regulatory factors that govern the brite adipogenic program. Here, we carried out global microRNA (miRNA) expression profiling on human adipocytes to identify miRNAs that are regulated upon the conversion from white to brite adipocytes. Among the miRNAs that were differentially expressed, we found that Let-7i-5p was down regulated in brite adipocytes. A detailed analysis of the Let-7i-5p levels showed an inverse expression of UCP1 in murine and human brite adipocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Functional studies with Let-7i-5p mimic in human brite adipocytes in vitro revealed a decrease in the expression of UCP1 and in the oxygen consumption rate. Moreover, the Let-7i-5p mimic when injected into murine sub-cutaneous white adipose tissue inhibited partially β3-adrenergic activation of the browning process. These results suggest that the miRNAs Let-7i-5p participates in the recruitment and the function of brite adipocytes.
A Non-Invasive Phase Sensor for Permittivity and Moisture Estimation Based on Anomalous Dispersion
Authors: Siddiqui Omar , Ramzan Rashad , Amin Muhammad , Ramahi Omar M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe traditional microwave resonance sensors are based on the measurement of the frequency shift and bandwidth of a resonator’s amplitude spectrum. Here we propose a novel sensing scheme in which the material properties are estimated by determining the changes in the phase spectrum of an anomalous-phase resonator. In the proposed phase sensing, we exploit the unique double phase reversal which takes place on the edges of the anomalous dispersion region as a signature to detect the resonance. We show that with the phase sensing, a significant reduction in detection errors compared to the traditional sensing can be obtained because of the noise immunity offered by the phase detection and also due to the strong dispersive phase response that reduces the sensor’s dependence on the external environment. We also show that the bandwidth determination procedure of the resonance which is needed to characterize the sample losses is significantly simplified. The concept of phase sensing is shown by devising an experimental microstrip open stub resonator whose frequency response lies in the anomalous dispersion region. The dielectric characteristics of the samples placed on the stub are extracted from the resonant frequency and the slope of the phase response. We also demonstrate that the changes in moisture levels can also be detected by utilizing the phase sensing method.
In vivo 3D analysis of systemic effects after local heavy-ion beam irradiation in an animal model
Authors: Nagata Kento , Hashimoto Chika , Watanabe-Asaka Tomomi , Itoh Kazusa , Yasuda Takako , Ohta Kousaku , Oonishi Hisako , Igarashi Kento , Suzuki Michiyo , Funayama Tomoo , Kobayashi Yasuhiko , Nishimaki Toshiyuki , Katsumura Takafumi , Oota Hiroki , Ogawa Motoyuki , Oga Atsunori , Ikemoto Kenzo , Itoh Hiroshi , Kutsuna Natsumaro , Oda Shoji , Mitani Hiroshi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractRadiotherapy is widely used in cancer treatment. In addition to inducing effects in the irradiated area, irradiation may induce effects on tissues close to and distant from the irradiated area. Japanese medaka, Oryzias latipes, is a small teleost fish and a model organism for evaluating the environmental effects of radiation. In this study, we applied low-energy carbon-ion (26.7 MeV/u) irradiation to adult medaka to a depth of approximately 2.2 mm from the body surface using an irradiation system at the National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology. We histologically evaluated the systemic alterations induced by irradiation using serial sections of the whole body and conducted a heart rate analysis. Tissues from the irradiated side showed signs of serious injury that corresponded with the radiation dose. A 3D reconstruction analysis of the kidney sections showed reductions in the kidney volume and blood cell mass along the irradiated area, reflecting the precise localization of the injuries caused by carbon-beam irradiation. Capillary aneurysms were observed in the gill in both ventrally and dorsally irradiated fish, suggesting systemic irradiation effects. The present study provides an in vivo model for further investigation of the effects of irradiation beyond the locally irradiated area.
Global transcriptome changes in perennial ryegrass during early infection by pink snow mould
Authors: Kovi Mallikarjuna Rao , Abdelhalim Mohamed , Kunapareddy Anil , Ergon Åshild , Tronsmo Anne Marte , Brurberg May Bente , Hofgaard Ingerd Skow , Asp Torben , Rognli Odd Arne 
Published: June 2016

AbstractLack of resistance to pink snow mould (Microdochium nivale) is a major constraint for adaptation of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenneL.) to continental regions with long-lasting snow cover at higher latitudes. Almost all investigations of genetic variation in resistance have been performed using cold acclimated plants. However, there may be variation in resistance mechanisms that are functioning independently of cold acclimation. In this study our aim was to identify candidate genes involved in such resistance mechanisms. We first characterized variation in resistance toM. nivaleamong non-acclimated genotypes from the Norwegian cultivar ‘Fagerlin’ based on relative regrowth and fungal quantification by real-time qPCR. One resistant and one susceptible genotype were selected for transcriptome analysis using paired-end sequencing by Illumina Hiseq 2000. Transcriptome profiles, GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis indicate that defense response related genes are differentially expressed between the resistant and the susceptible genotype. A significant up-regulation of defense related genes, as well as genes involved in cell wall cellulose metabolic processes and aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity, was observed in the resistant genotype. The candidate genes identified in this study might be potential molecular marker resources for breeding perennial ryegrass cultivars with improved resistance to pink snow mould.
Dispersal similarly shapes both population genetics and community patterns in the marine realm
Authors: Chust Guillem , Villarino Ernesto , Chenuil Anne , Irigoien Xabier , Bizsel Nihayet , Bode Antonio , Broms Cecilie , Claus Simon , Fernández de Puelles María L. , Fonda-Umani Serena , Hoarau Galice , Mazzocchi Maria G. , Mozetič Patricija , Vandepitte Leen , Veríssimo Helena , Zervoudaki Soultana , Borja Angel 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDispersal plays a key role to connect populations and, if limited, is one of the main processes to maintain and generate regional biodiversity. According to neutral theories of molecular evolution and biodiversity, dispersal limitation of propagules and population stochasticity are integral to shaping both genetic and community structure. We conducted a parallel analysis of biological connectivity at genetic and community levels in marine groups with different dispersal traits. We compiled large data sets of population genetic structure (98 benthic macroinvertebrate and 35 planktonic species) and biogeographic data (2193 benthic macroinvertebrate and 734 planktonic species). We estimated dispersal distances from population genetic data (i.e., FST vs. geographic distance) and from β-diversity at the community level. Dispersal distances ranked the biological groups in the same order at both genetic and community levels, as predicted by organism dispersal ability and seascape connectivity: macrozoobenthic species without dispersing larvae, followed by macrozoobenthic species with dispersing larvae and plankton (phyto- and zooplankton). This ranking order is associated with constraints to the movement of macrozoobenthos within the seabed compared with the pelagic habitat. We showed that dispersal limitation similarly determines the connectivity degree of communities and populations, supporting the predictions of neutral theories in marine biodiversity patterns.
3D coaxial out-of-plane metallic antennas for filtering and multi-spectral imaging in the infrared range
Authors: Jacassi Andrea , Bozzola Angelo , Zilio Pierfrancesco , Tantussi Francesco , De Angelis Francesco 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe fabricated and investigated a new configuration of 3D coaxial metallic antennas working in the infrared which combines the strong lateral light scattering of vertical plasmonic structures with the selective spectral transmission of 2D arrays of coaxial apertures. The coaxial structures are fabricated with a top-down method based on a template of hollow 3D antennas. Each antenna has a multilayer radial structure consisting of dielectric and metallic materials not achievable in a 2D configuration. A planar metallic layer is inserted normally to the antennas. The outer dielectric shell of the antenna defines a nanometric gap between the horizontal plane and the vertical walls. Thanks to this aperture, light can tunnel to the other side of the plane, and be transmitted to the far field in a set of resonances. These are investigated with finite-elements electromagnetic calculations and with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. The spectral position of the resonances can be tuned by changing the lattice period and/or the antenna length. Thanks to the strong scattering provided by the 3D geometry, the transmission peaks possess a high signal-to-noise ratio even when the illuminated area is less than 2 × 2 times the operation wavelength. This opens new possibilities for multispectral imaging in the IR with wavelength-scale spatial resolution.
Netrin-G1 regulates fear-like and anxiety-like behaviors in dissociable neural circuits
Authors: Zhang Qi , Sano Chie , Masuda Akira , Ando Reiko , Tanaka Mika , Itohara Shigeyoshi 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn vertebrate mammals, distributed neural circuits in the brain are involved in emotion-related behavior. Netrin-G1 is a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored synaptic adhesion molecule whose deficiency results in impaired fear-like and anxiety-like behaviors under specific circumstances. To understand the cell type and circuit specificity of these responses, we generated netrin-G1 conditional knockout mice with loss of expression in cortical excitatory neurons, inhibitory neurons, or thalamic neurons. Genetic deletion of netrin-G1 in cortical excitatory neurons resulted in altered anxiety-like behavior, but intact fear-like behavior, whereas loss of netrin-G1 in inhibitory neurons resulted in attenuated fear-like behavior, but intact anxiety-like behavior. These data indicate a remarkable double dissociation of fear-like and anxiety-like behaviors involving netrin-G1 in excitatory and inhibitory neurons, respectively. Our findings support a crucial role for netrin-G1 in dissociable neural circuits for the modulation of emotion-related behaviors, and provide genetic models for investigating the mechanisms underlying the dissociation. The results also suggest the involvement of glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored synaptic adhesion molecules in the development and pathogenesis of emotion-related behavior.
3,6-dihydroxyflavone suppresses the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells by inhibiting the Notch signaling pathway
Authors: Chen Junli , Chang Hui , Peng Xiaoli , Gu Yeyun , Yi Long , Zhang Qianyong , Zhu Jundong , Mi Mantian 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical developmental program in cancer stem cell (CSC) maintenance and in cancer metastasis. Here, our study found that 3,6-DHF could effectively inhibit EMT in BC cells in vitro and in vivo. 3,6-DHF effectively inhibits the formation and proliferation of BCSCs, and consequently reduces the tumor-initiating capacity of tumor cells in NOD/SCID mice. Optical in vivo imaging of cancer metastasis showed that 3,6-DHF administration suppresses the lung metastasis of BC cells in vivo. Further studies indicated that 3,6-DHF down-regulates Notch1, NICD, Hes-1 and c-Myc, consequently decreasing the formation of the functional transcriptional unit of NICD-CSL-MAML, causing Notch signaling inactivation in BC cells. Over-expression of Notch1 or inhibition of miR-34a significantly reduced the inhibitory effects of 3,6-DHF on EMT, CSCs, as well as cells migration and invasion in BC cells. These data indicated that 3,6-DHF effectively inhibits EMT and CSCs, as well as cells migration and invasion in BC cells, in which miR-34a-mediated Notch1 down-regulation plays a crucial role.
Iterative readback‐aided detection for holographic data storage systems
Authors: Nguyen C.D. , Lee J. 
Published: June 2016

Retrieving original user data from holographic data storage systems is mainly affected by two‐dimensional (2D) intersymbol interference; the minimisation of this interference not only improves the system performance, but it also increases the storage density for page‐oriented storage systems. An iterative detection that is supported by the readback signal is proposed. The decoded symbols are passed through a 2D partial response target before they are combined with the output of the equaliser, leading to the generation of a refined information source that improves the channel‐detection performance. The simulation results show that the proposed structure provides a gain of ∼1–2 dB; furthermore, the combinative quality of the proposed model and a page‐based search scheme were analysed as well.