bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Process Mining–Based Method of Designing and Optimizing the Layouts of Emergency Departments in Hospitals
Authors: Rismanchian Farhood , Lee Young Hoon 
Published: November 2016

Objective: This article proposes an approach to help designers analyze complex care processes and identify the optimal layout of an emergency department (ED) considering several objectives simultaneously. These objectives include minimizing the distances traveled by patients, maximizing design preferences, and minimizing the relocation costs. Background: Rising demand for healthcare services leads to increasing demand for new hospital buildings as well as renovating existing ones. Operations management techniques have been successfully applied in both manufacturing and service industries to design more efficient layouts. However, high complexity of healthcare processes makes it challenging to apply these techniques in healthcare environments. Method: Process mining techniques were applied to address the problem of complexity and to enhance healthcare process analysis. Process-related information, such as information about the clinical pathways, was extracted from the information system of an ED. A goal programming approach was then employed to find a single layout that would simultaneously satisfy several objectives. Results: The layout identified using the proposed method improved the distances traveled by noncritical and critical patients by 42.2% and 47.6%, respectively, and minimized the relocation costs. Conclusion: This study has shown that an efficient placement of the clinical units yields remarkable improvements in the distances traveled by patients.
Synovial C-Shaped Tibial Footprint of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament
Authors: Janovsky César , Kaleka Camila Cohen , Alves Maria Teresa Seixas , Ferretti Mario , Cohen Moises 
Published: November 2016

Background: Although numerous anatomic studies about the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) structure and attachments have been performed, these studies have not reached consensus on the ACL footprint. Purpose: To investigate the existing controversy regarding the morphology of the tibial ACL insertion (footprint) and confirm histologically that the tibial ACL footprint is not completely filled with ligament tissue. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: The tibial ACL footprint was dissected from 20 different fresh-frozen cadaveric knees (all males; mean age, 68.8 ± 5.4 years [range, 55-80 years]; mean weight, 78 ± 6.6 kg [range, 45-93 kg]). Two knees, 1 with severe osteoarthritis and 1 with previous knee surgery, were excluded. The tibial ACL insertion was observed, and this area was longitudinally divided into 4 parallel slices (0%-25%, 25-50%, 50%-75%, and 75%-100%), embedded in paraffin wax, and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, alcian blue, and picrosirius-polarization. The specimens were measured using a microscope to determine the distances from the anterior to the posterior border of the ACL ligament tibial insertion and the distance from the posterior border to the end of the ligament fibers of the ACL ligament tibial insertions. Results: The 18 evaluated knee specimens confirmed the finding of a C-shaped tibial insertion of the ACL. The measurements showed that the ligament (vertical parallel collagen fibers) occupied only 30.8% of the complete insertion. The remaining area was filled with synovial tissue, demonstrating histologically the “C” shape. Conclusion: This study confirms macroscopically the C-shaped tibial insertion of the ACL and shows histologically that synovial tissue is an indirect insertion filling the major part of the footprint. Clinical Relevance: This anatomic study suggests a different shape of the ACL tibial footprint, which may be useful for new perspectives regarding ACL reconstruction surgery research.
Estimating frequency-dependent attenuation quality factor values from prestack surface seismic data
Authors: Beckwith James , Clark Roger , Hodgson Linda 
Published: November 2016

The intrinsic seismic quality factor [Formula: see text] is known from poroelastic rock-physics theory to be frequency dependent, even within typical bandwidths of individual surface- and borehole-based surveys in which measurement methods usually deliver frequency-independent [Formula: see text]. Thus, measuring frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] instead offers better characterization of seismic properties and moreover a potential step toward estimating permeability directly from seismic data. Therefore, we have introduced a method to measure frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] from pairs of reflections in prestack [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text] domain surface seismic data — a data type that, unlike a vertical seismic profile, offers useful areal coverage. Although, in principle, any analytic form with a manageable number of parameters could be prescribed, the frequency dependence of [Formula: see text] is modeled as a power law, [Formula: see text]. Inversion is done with a simple grid search over coefficient ([Formula: see text]) and exponent [Formula: see text], seeking a minimum [Formula: see text]-norm. We have found, using a numerical experiment and a synthetic data set, that it is robust and also accurate down to a signal-to-noise ratio of approximately 0.65. Then, [Formula: see text] is estimated for some 955 [Formula: see text] superbins of a 3D prestack ocean bottom cable data set over the Kinnoull field, central North Sea. All combinations of eight prominent reflections between Top Miocene and Base Cretaceous were treated together to give some 21,000 frequency-dependent and (for comparison) constant-[Formula: see text] results. The median coefficient ([Formula: see text]) and exponent [Formula: see text] were 0.0074 and 0.06, respectively, with sharply peaked distributions (excess kurtosis [Formula: see text]). Outlier, strongly frequency-dependent results, given by [Formula: see text], coincide with low-frequency “shadows” under amplitude anomalies, adversely affecting the spectra of reflections. The inferred frequency-dependent [Formula: see text] at 32.5 Hz, the center of the available bandwidth, is not statistically different from the frequency-independent [Formula: see text], 181 with a standard error from the distribution of one, derived from the same data. Hence for this data set, a constant-[Formula: see text] assumption would in fact be adequate. However, our method has the ability to measure stable estimates of [Formula: see text].
Effect of exercise in patients with diabetic kidney disease
Authors: Youssef Manal K , Philips Mariana V 
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important epidemic and public health problem, which occurs in many countries with an increasing prevalence. Over 50 million people throughout the world are known to have CKD and of these, more than 1 million require renal replacement therapies such as dialysis and renal transplantation. In recent years, the rising incidence of diabetes and hypertension, the two most common causes of CKD, have caused an increase in the prevalence of CKD, being responsible for over 70% of all cases of CKD. The current study was conducted to detect the effect of aerobic exercise versus resistance exercise in patients suffering from diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods: Thirty patients with DKD, ranging from 18–46 years old, were included in this study from the Department of Internal medicine, Cairo University Hospitals. Subjects were divided randomly into two equal groups. Group 1 received aerobic exercises, and group 2 received resistance exercises for 3 months. All participants were evaluated before the first session of treatment and at the end of treatment through: creatinine, urea, sodium, potassium, haemoglobin, glucose, blood pressure, and physical performance, which includes walking speed, ascending stairs, descending stairs, return time, muscle power and muscle endurance. Results: Both groups showed a decrease in urea, creatinine, sodium, blood glucose, blood pressure, and an increase potassium and physical performance. Conclusions: Resistance exercises, as well as aerobic exercise, have a positive effect on decreasing urea, creatinine, glucose, blood pressure, and increasing physical performance and so it can be used safely in DKD patients.
The potential role of the occupational therapist in acute psychiatric services: A comparative evaluation
Authors: Fitzgerald Martin 
Published: November 2016

Aims and background: This analysis paper describes a comparative evaluation of service deliverables within the Service Level Agreements (SLA) of two acute psychiatric services, one inclusive and the other exclusive of occupational therapy. Methods: Six SLA agreements provided the standards by which the two services were evaluated. The SLAs were evaluated because they are used by the service managers and commissioners to measure performance and clinical effectiveness. The role of the occupational therapists and their contribution to the planning and delivery of the performance indicators was also considered. An evaluation framework was applied to explore the potential role occupational therapy may have had in any performance difference between the two sites. In doing so it is hoped to provide some evidence to support and inform occupational therapists and service managers on the role and of occupational therapy in acute mental health services. This comparative evaluation followed the first three of the five audit stages: 1. Preparing for audit; 2. Selecting criteria; and 3. Measuring performance level. Findings: The service with occupational therapy performed better on home leave day use, ward occupancy and less than 3-day admissions. Conclusions: By delivering their key roles of individual assessment, therapeutic groups, individual treatment and discharge planning, occupational therapists were able to contribute to the overall efficiency of service delivery. These findings support the role of the occupational therapist in an acute psychiatric setting and provide guidance for managers on how to utilise occupational therapy in the delivery of service outcomes.
Influence of beliefs about health and illness on self-care and care-seeking in foreign-born people with diabetic foot ulcers: dissimilarities related to origin
Authors: Hjelm K. , Apelqvist J. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: To describe beliefs about health and illness among foreign-born people with diabetic foot ulcers that might affect self-reported self-care and health-care seeking and to study whether there are dissimilarities related to origin. Method: Qualitative descriptive study. Semi-structured interviews with people aged 38–86 years; 13 born in European and 13 in non-European countries (all except one in the Middle East). All resident in Sweden for 7–60 years (median: 18.5 years). Results: Most believed foot ulcers were unavoidable and difficult to detect. Foot problems were mainly believed to be due to internal factors (diabetes), sometimes combined with external factors (inappropriate footwear, hot water, or barefoot walking). Health was described as freedom from illness and health professionals were seen as important sources of information. Perceived health deteriorated after the onset of the foot problems due to immobility and pain. People from the Middle East differed from other respondents as they discussed the importance of adapting to the will of Allah, leading to even poorer quality of life and a more negative view of future health. They also described more foot problems and perceived religion (Islam) with ritual washing of the feet to be important for health. However, they were regularly monitored to a lesser extent than European migrants. Economy affected health, more so in Europeans, due to expenses for medications and shoes. Many described limited activity in self-care, few had sought help for their problems and then solely among professionals, and had limited knowledge about the influence of glycaemic control on diabetes and foot status. Conclusion: Foreign-born people felt unable to prevent the incidence of foot ulcers, experienced problems with detection, and had limited knowledge of self-care. Dissimilarities in beliefs related to origin negatively influenced self-care of the feet, so it is important to assess individual beliefs and plan care and education accordingly.
Cost comparison of pressure ulcer preventive dressings: hydrocolloid dressing versus transparent polyurethane film
Authors: Dutra R.A.A. , Salomé G.M. , Leal L.M.F. , Alves M.G. , Moura J.P. , Silva A.T. , Pereira V.O.S. , de Brito M.J.A. , Ferreira L.M. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: To evaluate and compare the costs of using a transparent polyurethane film (PF) and hydrocolloid dressing (HD) in the prevention of pressure ulcers (PUs). Method: This descriptive, observational, longitudinal, comparative study was conducted in the intensive care units, coronary care unit and medical clinic of a charity hospital in Brazil. Data were collected during a 30-day study period, consisting of physical examination, assessment of risk factors for PU development and application of the Braden scale, which were performed at inclusion in the study and once daily during hospitalisation. Either PF or HD was applied bilaterally in the sacral and trochanteric regions for prevention of PUs in patients at a moderate to high risk of PUs according to the Braden scale, and costs of using PU preventive dressings were estimated. Results: The mean total costs per dressing change per patient when using the HD and PF to prevent PUs were 413.60 BRL and 74.04 BRL, respectively. There were significant between-group differences in mean costs for all variables, except for saline solution and nurse-technician services. Conclusion: Results showed that the mean cost per dressing change per patient was lower when using the transparent PF than when using the HD.
Trimethylamine N-oxide and Risk Stratification after Acute Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Suzuki Toru , Heaney Liam M , Jones Donald J L , Ng Leong L 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Risk stratification in acute myocardial infarction (MI) remains a clinical challenge. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut-derived metabolite, was investigated for its ability to assist in risk stratification for acute MI hospitalizations.

METHODS
TMAO was analyzed in 1079 acute MI patients. Associations with adverse outcome of all-cause mortality or reinfarction (death/MI) for shorter (6-month) and longer (2-year) terms were assessed and compared to other cohort-specific biomarkers. Added value in risk stratification by combined use with the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score was also investigated.

RESULTS
TMAO independently predicted death/MI at 2 years [292 events, hazard ratio 1.21 (95% CI, 1.03–1.43), P = 0.023], but was not able to predict death/MI at 6 months (161 events, P = 0.119). For death/MI at 2 years, TMAO retained independent prediction of risk (P = 0.034) and improved stratification even after addition of multiple alternative and contemporary biomarkers previously shown to provide added prognostic value in this cohort. From these contemporary biomarkers, TMAO remained the only significant predictor of outcome. Further, TMAO improved risk stratification for death/MI at 6 months by down-classifying risk in patients with GRACE score &gt;119 and plasma TMAO concentration ≤3.7 μmol/L.

CONCLUSIONS
TMAO levels showed association with poor prognosis (death/MI) at 2 years and superiority over contemporary biomarkers for patients hospitalized due to acute MI. Furthermore, when used with the GRACE score for calculating risk at 6 months, TMAO reidentified patients at lower risk after initial categorization into a higher-risk group and showed usefulness as a secondary risk stratification biomarker.
U-Turn Lanes in Narrow-Width Median Openings: Design Criteria for a Safe and Efficient Project
Authors: Distefano N. , Leonardi S. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
U-turn lanes eliminate left turns at intersections and allow the manoeuvre to be made via median crossovers beyond the intersection. However, there are many situations where road infrastructures are characterized by the reduced width of the median. It is clear that, in such situations, we must adopt design criteria that take into account limitations imposed by the width of the cross-section of the road.
This is the reason why it is necessary to adopt design solutions which expect a complete reorganization of the road section affected by the insertion of U-turns.
In this paper, we intend to propose original guidelines for U-turn lane design, suitable to guarantee both the necessity to offer a high level of functionality of the road sections to be implemented by U-turns, and the principles of safety in order to reduce unsafe conditions during inversion manoeuvres as much as possible.
Magneto-Thermo-Mechanical Buckling Analysis of Mindlin Plate Reinforced with FG-Carbon Nanotubes
Authors: Kolahchi R. , Esmailpour M. , Safari M. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A buckling analysis of temperature-dependent embedded plates reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) subjected to a magnetic field is investigated. The SWCNTs are distributed as uniform (UD) and three types of functionally graded nanotubes (FG), in which the material properties of the nano-composite plate are estimated based on the mixture rule. The surrounding temperature-dependent elastic medium is simulated as Pasternak foundation. Based on the orthotropic Mindlin plate theory, the governing equations are derived using Hamilton's principle. The buckling load of the structure is calculated based on an exact solution by the Navier method. The influences of elastic medium, magnetic field, temperature and distribution type, and volume fractions of SWCNT are shown on the buckling of the plate. Results indicate that CNT distribution close to the top and bottom are more efficient than that distributed near the mid-plane for increasing the stiffness of the plates.
Multivariate Information Dynamic Monitoring System Application of Tunnel Construction Process Model Test
Authors: Liu Q. , Chen J. , Wei L. , Huang P. , Luo Y. , Pu X. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Geomechnical model testing has been widely applied as a kind of research technique in underground engineering problems. However, during the practical application process, due to the influence of many factors, the desired results cannot be obtained. In order to solve this problem, based on the measurement requirements of the model test, combined with FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating) sensor technology and traditional measurement methods, an FBG monitoring system, Micro-multi-point displacement test system, resistance strain test system and surrounding rock pressure monitoring system are developed. Applying the systems to a model test of the tunnel construction process, the displacement in advance laws of tunnel face, radial displacement distribution laws and surrounding rock pressure laws are obtained. Test results show that a multivariate information monitoring system has the advantage of high precision, stability and strong anti-jamming capability. It lays a solid foundation for the real-time data monitoring of the tunnel construction process model test.
Stationary Kirchhoff equations with powers
Authors: Hebey Emmanuel 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We discuss existence of solutions, compactness and stability properties in
closed manifolds for the critical Kirchhoff equations

(
a
+
b

∫
M

|
∇
u

|
2

d

v
g

)

θ
0

Δ
g

u
+
h
u
=

u

p
-
1

,

\Bigg{(}a+b\int_{M}\lvert\nabla u|^{2}\,dv_{g}\Bigg{)}^{\theta_{0}}\Delta_{g}u%
+hu=u^{p-1},

where

Δ
g

{\Delta_{g}}

is the Laplace–Beltrami operator,
h is a

C
1

{C^{1}}

-function in M,

p
∈

(
2
,

2
⋆

]

{p\in(2,2^{\star}]}

,

a
,
b
,

θ
0

>
0

{a,b,\theta_{0}>0}

are positive real numbers,
and

2
⋆

{2^{\star}}

is the critical Sobolev exponent.
A fractional critical dimension

d
0

=

2
⁢

(

1
+

θ
0

)

θ
0

{d_{0}=\frac{2(1+\theta_{0})}{\theta_{0}}}

appears in the critical case

p
=

2
⋆

{p=2^{\star}}

.
The Effect of Crossing the Native Złotnicka Spott Ed Pigs with Other Breeds on Slaughter Value of Fatt Eners and Quality of Dry-Cured Meat Products
Authors: Janiszewski Piotr , Grześkowiak Eugenia , Szulc Karolina , Borzuta Karol , Lisiak Dariusz , Lisiak Beata 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The dry-cured necks and hams produced from the meat of Złotnicka Spotted (ZS) pigs and their crossbreds with Duroc and Polish Large White, were tested. The slaughter value of the fatteners was determined (lean meat content, backfat thickness, area of the loin cross-section). The water, fat, protein and NaCl content was established in the final products. The meat colour (L* a* b*) and pH were measured. The final products were subjected to sensory evaluation and ranked on the scale of 1-5 points. Crossing the Złotnicka Spotted with the PLW resulted in higher lean meat content by approx. 4 percentage points (p.p.) and in thinner back fat thickness by 0.6 cm. Dry-cured ham produced from the meat of different fattener groups did not differ significantly in terms of physico-chemical traits as well as sensory traits. The sensory characteristics of both ham and neck received high scores (on average above 4.5 points). It was found that the tested products differed in terms of chemical content. The dry-cured necks contained approx. 19.45% of fat in the group of the ZS × PLW crossbreds whereas in other groups this figure was 2 to 6 p.p. higher. The dry-cured ham that was produced was based on the meat of purebred pigs containing 3 to 4.6 p.p. less fat compared to the crossbreds with the Duroc. The research proved that crossing the ZS with PLW and Duroc did not make the quality of the dry-cured products deteriorate.
Inferential Acts and Inferential Rules. The Intrinsic Normativity of Logic
Authors: Reinmuth Friedrich , Siegwart Geo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We outline a pragmatic-normative understanding of logic as a discipline that is completely anchored in the sphere of action, rules, means and ends: We characterize inferring as a speech act which is in need of regulation and we connect inferential rules with consequence relations. Furthermore, we present a scenario which illustrates how one actually assesses or can in principle assess the quality of logical rules with respect to justificatory questions. Finally, we speculate on the origin of logical rules as a means of supporting our practice of inferring.
Norms as Equilibria
Authors: Lahno Bernd 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
This paper presents a survey on contemporary RC accounts of norms. The characteristic common feature of these accounts is that norms are understood as equilibrium selection devices. The most sophisticated positions driven by this idea are Herbert Gintis’ theory of norms as choreographers and Cristina Bicchieri’s theory of norms as solutions to mixed motive games. In order to give a comprehensive account of social norms, though, RC theory needs to be substantially extended. In particular, it seems to be impossible in principle to fully understand the concept of normativity and the motivating power of norms within a traditional, pure RC framework.