bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of Human Parvovirus B19 and Associated Risk Factors in Women with Bad Obstetric History in Babylon Province, Iraq
Authors: Abbas Maha Diekan , Al-Mousawi Haider Turky Mousa , Al-Bderee Nadhim Mushtaq Hashim , Al-Humairi Rasha M. A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground:Parvovirus infection is an important cause of fetal loss during all three trimesters of pregnancy.Objectives:This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence, susceptibility rate, and risk factors of B19-V in women aged 15 to 45 in the Al-Hamza region of Babil, Iraq, considering the negative effects of the infection.Materials and Methods:Between January 2022 and March 2023, blood samples were taken from 116 women, including those with and those without a history of bad obstetric history (BOH). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test sera taken from the study participants for B19 IgM and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Those samples tested positive for IgG B19 were further subjected to polymerase chain reaction amplification and sequencing, targeting partial gene sequences of the nonstructural viral protein 1 (VP1) gene.Results:For human parvovirus IgG and IgM, the seropositivity was 44% and 16.5%, respectively. The following variables were associated in this study with greater seroprevalence rates of IgG and IgM, respectively: age 36–45 years (72.7%, 36.4%); abortion (80%, 32.5%); education (82.2%, 33.3%); unemployment (61%, 22.2%); and overcrowding (73.3%, 31.1%). In this case–control study, positive amplicons (700 bp) were detected from 27 samples out of 40 women of childbearing age who tested positive for IgG. Sequence analysis of the partial sequence of the VP1 gene in all positive amplicons was 100% identical with each other and with human parvovirus B19 (NC: 00088.3). According to the current study, about 66% of women are serologically negative and at risk of contracting parvovirus B19.Conclusion:Our findings conclude that pregnant women in Iraq, particularly those with BOH, must undergo frequent serological screening for B19-V during all three trimesters and be given the necessary advice to avoid B19-V infection to improve their pregnancy outcomes.
Estimation of Some Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Interleukins in Rheumatoid Arthritis of Iraqi Patients
Authors: Diwan Zahraa Jabbar , Al-Marsomy Wasan Addai 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory condition that mostly affects synovial joints. It produces severe swelling and ongoing inflammation, and as it worsens, the cartilage and bone begin to erode, resulting in deformed joints and bone erosion.

Objectives:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the levels of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies and determine the role of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-18 (IL-18), interleukin-38 (IL-38), and transforming growth factor-beta2 (TGF-β2) in studied groups (RA patients and apparently healthy control).

Materials and Methods:
The study included collecting blood samples from a group of patients infected with RA involving 60 patients (21 male and 39 female), and the healthy group included 50 individuals as control group (21 males and 29 females).

Results:
The outcomes showed of anti-CCP a highly significant difference for RA patients compared to the control group by 0.603 ± 0.02 and 0.274 ± 0.01, respectively, and some immunological parameters that involve inflammation-promoting interleukins (IL-1β and IL-18), the results showed the significant differences at the level (P < 0.01) of patients was 126.79 ± 4.18 and 194.37 ± 12.71 compared with control 91.85 ± 2.11 and 92.27 ± 2.08, respectively. The identical results to measure anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL-38, TGF-β2) represented of patients were 190.43 ± 9.82 and 403.23 ± 21.20 compared with control group was 88.39 ± 1.56 and 115.59 ± 5.63, respectively.

Conclusion:
The immunological parameters represented high expression of pro-inflammatory interleukins (IL-1β and IL-18), so, elevation levels of anti-inflammatory interleukins (IL-38 and TGF-β2) of RA patients.
Role of a Novel Device, “DrOroscope,” in the Early Diagnosis of Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders and Dysplasia – A Case Series
Authors: Yeladandi Mounika , Maheswari Thirupambaram Nataraja Sundaram Uma , Padala Swetha Bindu , Anuhya Valishetty 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Early identification of oral cancer is essential for increasing survival rates and improving the quality of life after treatment. Specialized diagnostic tools such as VELscope, ViziLite, Identafi, and DrOroscope have been created to precisely evaluate the lesions and minimize morbidity. The DrOroscope is a small, easily transportable, and cost-effective diagnostic tool created for the analysis of different premalignant and malignant diseases without requiring invasive methods. In the present case series, a DrOroscope was used. The case series includes oral submucous fibrosis with and without dysplasia and erythroplakia. The image analyses given by the DrOroscope were concordant with the histopathological reports. The DrOroscope can be used as reliable noninvasive supplemental tool along with the comprehensive oral examination in diagnosing potentially malignant disorders, dysplasias, and malignancies.
Renal Profile of Herbal Medicine Users and Nonusers: An Exploratory Cross-sectional Study in a Family Medicine Clinic in Nigeria
Authors: Maiyegun Afisulahi Abiodun , Akangoziri Mark Divine , Grema Bukar Alhaji , Mutalub Yahkub Babatunde , Ibrahim Farida Buhari 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
A major risk of herbal medicine is the potential for toxicity and serious side effects. Unlike orthodox medicine, herbs are usually consumed without prior safety assessment via clinical studies. This means that the clinical effects of herbs may be detected only through an assessment of the health parameters of consumers.

Aim:
The study aimed to evaluate participants’ renal profiles, comparing that of herb users with nonusers, thereby identifying any differences between the two groups.

Settings and Design:
It is a cross-sectional, analytic study among adult patients attending the general outpatient unit of Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University Teaching Hospital, Bauchi, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
The study assessed and compared estimated glomerular filtration rate, microalbuminuria, and proteinuria among patients who reported using herbs and those who did not report any use.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were analyzed using Epi Info 7.2.

Results:
Three hundred and forty-one participants were enrolled. The mean eGFR was 87.47 ± 25.44 ml/min/1.73 m2 for participants who used herbs and 84.76 ± 25.49 ml/min/1.73 m2 for those who never used herbs (P value 0.48). Among all participants, proteinuria ≥0.3 g/l was present in 29 (8.50%) and microalbuminuria ≥30 mg/l in 138 (40.47%). There was no statistically significant difference in the renal parameters of both groups.

Conclusion:
The study found no evidence of the harmful effect of the herbs reported on kidney function. This could be because that the study participants mainly reported using edible—and, therefore, presumably safe—herbs. Further studies in human subjects of the effect of herbal medicine on the kidney and other systems are suggested.
Introducing the World Health Organization Labour Care Guide in Nigeria: Knowledge, Perceptions, and Impediments by Doctors and Nurses at 3-Tier Hospitals in Enugu, Nigeria
Authors: Nnagbo Johnpaul E. , Agu Polycarp U. , Eze Matthew I. , Ugwu George O. , Adiri Charles O. , Odoh Godwin U. , Nkwo Peter O. , Dim Cyril C. , Ugwu Emmanuel O. , Nwagha Uchenna I. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
It is speculated that obstetrics health workers in Nigeria may be lacking adequate knowledge of the Labour Care Guide (LCG) tool.

Aim:
To determine the awareness, level of knowledge, perceptions, and impediments toward use of the LCG tool for management of labor by doctors and nurses in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods:
This is a mixed-method study of 201 doctors and nurses at six selected health facilities in Enugu, Nigeria, over a 1-month period. For the quantitative component of the study, eligible and consenting participants were randomly selected and interviewed using a pretested questionnaire, while for the qualitative component, the six heads of labor ward nurses were purposively selected and in-depth interview conducted on the use, reasons for nonuse, and impediments to the use of LCG.

Statistical Analysis:
Statistical analysis was performed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows, version 24.0 (Armonk, NY) for quantitative data. It was descriptive and inferential. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05. For qualitative data, thematic analysis was done.

Result:
A total of 168 (83.6%) were aware of LCG; 60 (35.7%) had poor knowledge (mean score: 20.1 ± 7.5), and 89 (53.0%) had negative perception (mean score: 0.11 ± 0.11). Impediments to LCG use included being time-consuming, insufficient manpower, insufficient knowledge, and lack of training. Negative perception was associated with poor knowledge of LCG (P < 0.001, AOR =60.9, CI =13.9-267.1).

Conclusion:
One in three obstetric care workers has poor knowledge of LCG in labor care. We recommend creating training opportunities for them at all levels of healthcare on the use of LCG.
Comparison of Effects of Sociodemographic Factors on Unmet Needs for Family Planning between Pakistani and Bengali Women
Authors: Tullah Faiqa A. , Iqbal Saima , Mengal Grannaz , Umar Fahmida , Malik Muhammad K. , Kashif Seemin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
Family planning improves child and maternal health, but an unmet need for family planning (UMNFP) still exists in developing countries.

Aim:
This review was done to compare UMNFP and its determinants between Pakistani and Bengali women.

Methods and Material:
Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) datasets of Pakistan and Bangladesh, 2017–18, were used, where women, ever-married, aged 15–49 were interviewed. Independent variables were women’s age, education, work status, household wealth, urban/rural residence, number of living children, husband’s education, and occupation.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Analysis was done on SPSS 22. Frequencies and percentages of all categories and binary and multinomial logistic regression analyses were done.

Results:
In both populations, women’s age, education, work status, family’s wealth, and number of living children affected UMNFP. In Bengalis, rural residence also affected UMNFP. Younger age had significantly higher UMNFP in both populations. Women living in rural areas had higher UMNFP in the Bengali population. Improved wealth decreased UMNFP in Pakistani women, but the richest households had the highest UMNFP in Bangladesh. UMNFP was higher with a higher number of living children in both populations. Primary education decreased the unmet need for spacing in Pakistani women, but Bengali women with primary and secondary education levels had higher UMNFP compared to illiterate and highly educated ones. Women with jobs had lesser overall UMNFP in both populations.

Conclusion:
Illiteracy and lack of jobs were prevalent in Pakistani women, and autonomy to decide about family size was lower than in Bengali women.
Assessment of Patients’ Anxiety Levels and Their Decision-Making When Choosing Dental Care
Authors: Srinivasan Daya , Eagappan AR Senthil , Deepthi Bolla , Manoharan Rajkumar , Vinolia Mercy , Tyagi Upasana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context:
A comprehensive understanding of the patient’s decision-making process helps a dentist to successfully present a range of treatment possibilities.

Aim:
The purpose of this study was to examine how patients choose dental services and clinics and how they make decisions about those visits.

Materials and Method:
From April 2023 and September 2023, 584 participants who were seen in the Dental Outpatient Department participated in a cross-sectional survey. Willing participants were given a questionnaire with 15 questions addressing different facets of patient perception. Informed consent was obtained from the parents. Both English and local Tamil languages were used to structure the questions, which centered on patient viewpoints, expectations, decision-making, lowering anxiety, and recommendations for new dental procedures.

Result:
Important behavioral insights were collected from the study. The majority of participants stated that they will ask their opinion on dental care. They prefer to visit dental clinics when problems arise. They knew about dental clinics through the Internet and per group preference. The majority of participants reported that dental clinic preference is based on proximity and popularity. They prefer specialist and multispecialty dentistry. The majority of participants prefer brand and longevity for the purchase of dental procedures. Social media is a major factor in dental clinical search. The majority of participants preferred an explanation of procedure before and anxiety reduction if a complaint is addressed. The majority of participants prefer the quality of treatment and truthfulness of dentist recommendations.

Conclusion:
Dental professionals must comprehend the decision-making processes of their patients. Establishing patient satisfaction and trust requires open communication, high-quality care, and honesty. To properly meet patients’ expectations, dentists should be honest in addressing their worries and offering assurances on the course of treatment.
Numerical Investigation on Enhanced Thermal Performance of Rectangular Microchannels with Triangular Ribs
Authors: Akram Md Nadimul , Mohiuddin Kazi , Akash Md Al Shahriar , Ibeh Felix , Kibria Md Shohel 
Published: September 2024

Effective thermal management becomes crucial with the rising heat produced by electronic devices. Microchannel convection shows excellent potential as a cooling solution. This study employs numerical computational techniques to examine rectangular microchannels’ flow and heat transfer parameters on a semi-octagonal structure, specifically focusing on the Reynolds number (Re) ranging from 100 to 500. An extensive analysis evaluates the heat transfer design and hydraulic performance. Furthermore, the microchannel's diodic performance is assessed by comparing the Nusselt number (Nu) and the pressure drop in both the forward and backward directions. The study demonstrates the excellent performance of the microchannels within the microstructure under low Reynolds number (Re) conditions. Emphasizing the significance of preserving the fundamental geometric characteristics while improving the fluid dynamics within the microchannel. The semi-octagonal structure microchannel design surpasses the conventional design in bidirectional heat transfer by improving spatial fluid mixing. With a Reynolds number of 300, the Nusselt number of this microchannel surpasses that of the traditional rectangular design by a considerable margin. In addition, at this Reynolds number, the thermal diodicity (Dit) and pressure drop diodicity (Dip) showed significant improvements, with values of 1.16 and 1.45, respectively. Therefore, this study comprehensively compares the enhanced heat transfer of microchannel walls under constant heat flux, highlighting the advantages of semi-octagonal structural design in improving heat transfer and hydraulic performance. The results show that this innovative design has great potential to improve the efficiency of microchannel cooling and provides an important reference for the development of efficient thermal management systems.

Received: 30 July 2024 | Revised: 9 September 2024 | Accepted: 20 September 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data available on request from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Author Contribution Statement
Md Nadimul Akram: Conceptualization, Software, Validation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft; Kazi Mohiuddin: Methodology, Writing - review & editing, Visualization; Md Al Shahriar Akash: Resources, Data curation; Felix Ibeh: Validation, Formal analysis; Md Shohel Kibria: Supervision, Project administration.
Peningkatan Komunikasi Interpersonal Dalam Organisasi Melalui Manajemen Konflik Di LKSA Malikul A'la
Authors: Faizal Muhammad Imam , Lukitasari Lenni 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor penyebab konflik interpersonal, upaya manajemen konflik dan dampaknya terhadap peningkatan komunikasi interpersonal di LKSA Malikul A’la. Objek penelitian ini ialah LKSA Malikul A’la dan subjek penelitiannya ialah 6 anggota organisasi internal di LKSA Malikul A’la. Jenis penelitian kualitatif yang digunakan, yaitu data diperoleh dengan metode pengumpulan data dari wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dari Hasil penelitian dan pengolahan data ditemukan faktor yang mengindikasikan konflik interpersonal di LKSA Malikul A’la adalah komunikasi ambigu atau tidak jelas terhadap sebuah informasi, kemudian adanya ketidak – jelasan tugas kerja yang diberikan tidak sesuai dengan jabatan yang diemban. Adapun upaya manajemen yang dilakukan ialah mengakomodasi dengan menyempatkan duduk bersama dan berkompromi atas kelalaian anggota terhadap tugas kerjanya. Dampaknya terhadap komunikasi interpersonal ialah melakukan perjanjian atau kesepakatan yang memicu hubungan diantara anggota menjadi lebih baik dari sebelumnya terlihat dari lahir interaksi sosial yang dilandasi kepedulian kepada anggota yang lain.
The Precision of MRI in the Diagnosis of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Among Athletes in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Hawesa Halima , Mansour Sahar , Alhazmi Raghad , Alharbi Majedah , Altamimi Fahadah 
Published: September 2024

Introduction: An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is frequently injured among athletes. ACL injuries occur due to strong contact or indirect knee trauma, causing the enlarging or destroying of non-contractile, and elastic soft-tissue articular structures.
Aims: An anterior cruciate ligament injury is the most injured among young athletes. It could be a complete or partial tear. This study aimed to evaluate the role of MRI and physical examination in diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament tears among athletes.
Method: The data on anterior cruciate ligament tears were collected retrospectively from Riyadh's main hospitals, KSA. The diagnosis went through physical examinations and MRI knee protocol, and the final diagnosis in most cases was based on the physical examination combined with an MRI image.
Results: Our data consists of 32 male athletic patients with anterior cruciate ligament tears. The incidence of athlete injuries was mainly among young males between 20-35 years old. The most commonly reported was a partial tear by 66% and a complete tear by 34%. MRI is the main tool to evaluate ACL injury and differentiate between partial and complete ACL tear
Conclusion: The final reported cases were diagnosed by using a special MRI knee protocol. A partial tear is the most common injury among young male Saudi athletes, which is a male injury in Saudi society.
Climate Views and Information Sources
Authors: Walgrave Marthe 
Published: September 2024

Climate Views and Information Sources
As scientific knowledge about what we need to do to limit climate change and mitigate its negative impacts is now well established, climate change has mainly become a social and political problem. Effective communication is needed to build public support for climate action. However, in order to make climate communication effective, a comprehensive understanding of the public is needed. This includes recognising diversity in citizens’ views towards climate change by distinguishing distinct climate segments and investigating what information sources these different climate segments rely on. Four climate segments are distinguished, ranging from the Engaged to the Doubtful, each with a distinct media diet.
From Deliberation to Headlines: Media Coverage and Framing of the 2022 Luxembourg Climate Citizens’ Assembly (Klima-Biergerrot)
Authors: Paulis Emilien , Verhasselt Lisa , Kies Raphaël 
Published: September 2024

From Deliberation to Headlines: Media Coverage and Framing of the 2022 Luxembourg Climate Citizens’ Assembly (Klima-Biergerrot)
Climate Citizens’ Assemblies (CCAs) have become a valuable tool for directly involving citizens in addressing the pressing challenges posed by the climate crisis. Central to their legitimacy is their capacity to engage a broad audience with the complexities of participatory and environmental politics. In this respect, the media plays a crucial role in influencing whether and how CCAs are portrayed. Recognizing a lack of research connecting media and (C)CAs, this study aims to advance the research agenda through a case study of the Luxembourgish Klima Biergerrot (KBR). Analysing 120 media pieces, we aim to better understand which factors influence both the volume and framing of a CCA in media discourse. Our findings are three-fold. First, coverage tends to be more extensive and positive when the media focuses on the CCA’s outcomes rather than procedural aspects. Second, media outlets with left-leaning ideologies tend to provide more extensive coverage but frame the CCA more negatively compared to right-leaning counterparts. Third, while the gender of journalists does not affect the extent of the coverage, it influences the framing: women journalists tend to present CCAs more positively. This research underscores the role of the media in communicating CCAs and climate action.
Saúde mental e Transtorno do Espectro Autista: para além de comorbidades
Authors: Gonçalves Luciana Marinho Soares , Carvalho Camila Mendes Costa , Gondim Cristiane da Silva Reis , Silva Flaelma Almeida da , Boechat Gisela Paula Faitanin , Lôbo Ítalo Martins , Miranda Joana D'arc Queiroz , Araujo Josiane Reis , Silva Karyne Guimarães da , Junqueira Rafael Cavalcante 
Published: September 2024

Este estudo investigou o impacto das comorbidades e das intervenções na saúde mental de indivíduos com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA). O objetivo foi compreender como essas variáveis afetam a qualidade de vida e o bem-estar desses indivíduos. A metodologia adotada foi uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foram analisados artigos e dissertações relevantes sobre o tema. Os resultados indicaram que as comorbidades, como transtornos de ansiedade e depressão, tiveram um efeito significativo na saúde mental dos indivíduos com TEA, agravando os sintomas e comprometendo a qualidade de vida. A eficácia das intervenções terapêuticas, como a Análise Comportamental Aplicada (ABA), foi confirmada, mostrando benefícios no desenvolvimento das habilidades e na redução dos sintomas do TEA. O estudo também destacou a importância do suporte familiar e da inclusão social na promoção da saúde mental e na melhoria da qualidade de vida. As considerações finais ressaltaram que as abordagens integradas e personalizadas são essenciais para tratar as complexidades do TEA e suas comorbidades. Foi enfatizada a necessidade de pesquisas para explorar novas estratégias de intervenção e melhorar o suporte oferecido aos indivíduos com TEA.