bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMPLIANCE AND ADHERENCE OF PATIENTS WITH DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA TO INTRAVITREAL ANTI–VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR THERAPY IN DAILY PRACTICE
Authors: Weiss Maximilian , Sim Dawn A. , Herold Tina , Schumann Ricarda G. , Liegl Raffael , Kern Christoph , Kreutzer Thomas , Schiefelbein Johannes , Rottmann Miriam , Priglinger Siegfried , KortUEm Karsten Ulrich 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
We assessed differences in compliance and adherence (lateness of patients, visual acuity, reasons for abstaining) between patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), both under anti–vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

Methods:
We included 136 patients with DME (36% women, 65 years, 22 visits, 13.9 injections, and 29.9 months of follow-up) and 109 patients with AMD (59% women, 76 years, 20 visits, 14.7 injections, and 22.3 months of follow-up) (minimum follow-up of 12 months and at least 5 injections). We assessed missed appointments (lateness >14 days) and therapy break-offs (lateness >100 days). All delayed patients were called and interviewed for abstaining reasons.

Results:
Forty-six percent of patients with DME and 22% of patients with AMD had at least one break-off. Thirty-five percent of patients with DME and 50% of patients with AMD were always on schedule. In patients with DME, there was significant correlation (P = 0.017) between the number of break-offs and change of visual acuity. In 60% DME and 38% AMD of break-off cases, visual acuity was worse than the before break-off. The most common reason for abstaining was comorbidities (33% AMD and 20% DME).

Conclusion:
There are significant differences between patients with AMD and DME regarding compliance and adherence, which also affects outcome. Strategies to tie patients with DME to costly intravitreal therapy need to be developed to improve outcomes and efficacy.
INVERTED INTERNAL LIMITING MEMBRANE FLAP TECHNIQUE FOR TREATMENT OF MACULAR HOLE RETINAL DETACHMENT IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES
Authors: Takahashi Hiroyuki , Inoue Makoto , Koto Takashi , Itoh Yuji , Hirota Kazunari , Hirakata Akito 
Published: October 2017

Purpose:
To compare the efficacy of vitrectomy with inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap to complete removal of the ILM for the treatment of macular hole (MH) retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes.

Methods:
Pars plana vitrectomy with inverted ILM flap technique (16 eyes; inverted group) or with the complete removal of the ILM (16 eyes; removed group) was performed in patients with high myopia with MH retinal detachment. The rate of retinal reattachment and MH closure, the best-corrected visual acuities, and the integrity of the foveal microstructures in the optical coherence tomographic images were compared.

Results:
Thirteen eyes (81%) in the inverted group and 15 eyes (93%) in the removed group had retinal reattachment after the initial surgery (P = 0.30). The MH was closed significantly more often in the inverted group (75%) than in the removed group (25%; P = 0.006). The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity was significantly better in the inverted group (P = 0.04). The number of eyes with outer nuclear layer, external limiting membrane, and ellipsoid zone lines at the closed MH was not significantly different in the two groups.

Conclusion:
The inverted ILM flap technique with the presence of bridging tissue over the MH is effective in closing the MH and improving the postoperative best-corrected visual acuity in eyes with MH retinal detachment by bridging tissue over the MH.
Study of the Effectiveness of Multipurpose Solutions on the Bacterial Disinfection of Silicone Hydrogel Contact Lenses In Vitro
Authors: Correa Priscila C. , Lui Aline C. F. , Silva Cely B. , Gracitelli Carolina P. B. , Mimica Lycia M. , Sasagawa Suzethe M. , Netto Adamo L. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
To assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of multipurpose solutions in regard to the disinfection of silicone hydrogel contact lenses (CL) using a study of clinical bacterial isolates from ocular material.

Methods:
Three multipurpose solutions (solution A: polyhexamethylene biguanide 0.00025 g/100 mL; solution B: polyquaternary-1 0.001% and myristamidopropyl dimethylamine 0.0006%; and solution C: polyaminopropyl biguanide 0.00013% and polyquaternary 0.0001%) were used as a 3-phase disinfection on silicone hydrogel CL contaminated with bacteria from clinical isolates that were divided into five groups (group 1: Pseudomonas aeruginosa; group 2: Staphylococcus aureus; group 3: Staphylococcus epidermidis; group 4: Streptococcus spp; and group 5: enterobacteria).

Results:
No differences were observed between the 24- and 48-hr measurements in any of the samples, and the positivity of microorganisms in T0 was 100% for all solutions; it was 0% in T3. Therefore, only steps T1 (rubbing followed by rinsing) and T2 (rubbing followed by rinsing and immersion of CL into solution) were considered for analysis at the 24-hr measurement time. Throughout the phases, a decrease in the number of bacteria was observed, culminating in the elimination (no recovery) of all microorganisms in the three solutions.

Conclusions:
At the end of the proposed process, the tested solutions were effective.
Individualized neuropathic pain therapy based on phenotyping: are we there yet?
Authors: Forstenpointner Julia , Otto Jan , Baron Ralf 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Patients with the same neuropathic pain disorder may have completely different sensory signs and symptoms yet receive the same medicinal treatment. New concepts suggest that patient stratification according to their pain mechanisms, reflected in their sensory phenotype, could be promising to implement an individualized therapy in neuropathic pain. Retrospective classification of patients according to their sensory phenotype showed predictive validity and reliability for treatment response in certain subgroups of patients. Recent prospective studies using stratification based on sensory phenotypes confirm this concept. In this article, we review the recent accomplishments towards an individualized pharmacological treatment of neuropathic pain.
Dopaminergic tone does not influence pain levels during placebo interventions in patients with chronic neuropathic pain
Authors: Skyt Ina , Moslemi Kurosh , Baastrup Cathrine , Grosen Kasper , Benedetti Fabrizio , Petersen Gitte L. , Price Donald D. , Hall Kathryn T. , Kaptchuk Ted J. , Svensson Peter , Jensen Troels S. , Vase Lene 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Placebo effects have been reported in patients with chronic neuropathic pain. Expected pain levels and positive emotions are involved in the observed pain relief, but the underlying neurobiology is largely unknown. Patients with neuropathic pain are highly motivated for pain relief, and as motivational factors such as expectations of reward, as well as pain processing in itself, are related to the dopaminergic system, it can be speculated that dopamine release contributes to placebo effects in neuropathic pain. Nineteen patients with neuropathic pain after thoracic surgery were tested during a placebo intervention consisting of open and hidden applications of the pain-relieving agent lidocaine (2 mL) and no treatment. The dopamine antagonist haloperidol (2 mg) and the agonist levodopa/carbidopa (100/25 mg) were administered to test the involvement of dopamine. Expected pain levels, desire for pain relief, and ongoing and evoked pain were assessed on mechanical visual analog scales (0-10). Significant placebo effects on ongoing (P ≤ 0.003) and evoked (P ≤ 0.002) pain were observed. Expectancy and desire accounted for up to 41.2% and 71.5% of the variance in ongoing and evoked pain, respectively, after the open application of lidocaine. We found no evidence for an effect of haloperidol and levodopa/carbidopa on neuropathic pain levels (P = 0.071-0.963). Dopamine seemed to influence the levels of expectancy and desire, yet there was no evidence for indirect or interaction effects on the placebo effect. This is the first study to suggest that dopamine does not contribute to placebo effects in chronic neuropathic pain.
A Private Case of Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Authors: Nyhoff Heidi 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Patch testing is considered the gold standard in the diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis. A patient presenting with a pruritic rash and previous failed treatments should be considered as a candidate for patch testing. In this case study, a patient with pruritus, dermatitis, and pain to her vaginal area and buttocks is patch tested and tests positive to two common contact allergens, fragrance mix and tixocortol-21-pivalate, both of which are clinically relevant in this patient’s particular case. A follow-up of appropriate resources and education, as well as avoidance of the offending allergens, resulted in resolution of the patient’s contact dermatitis.
Physiotherapist-Led Physical Activity Interventions Are Efficacious at Increasing Physical Activity Levels: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kunstler Breanne E. , Cook Jill L. , Freene Nicole , Finch Caroline F. , Kemp Joanne L. , O'Halloran Paul D. , Gaida James E. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
Physical activity (PA) interventions to address noncommunicable disease (NCD) risk are commonly delivered in private practice and outpatient physiotherapy settings. This study reviewed the efficacy of physiotherapist-led physical activity (PLPA) interventions at improving PA levels.

Data sources:
Twelve databases were searched using terms related to both physiotherapy and PA. English-language studies of all designs in adults were included. Meta-analyses were conducted separately for interventions measuring the following: (1) participants meeting recommended PA levels; (2) total PA at short- and long-term follow-up; and (3) total PA achieved after short and long PLPA interventions. Pooled effects were calculated using a fixed-effects model as standardized mean differences (SMDs). Nonstatistical analysis was used to identify the effect of PLPA interventions on the volume of PA performed at different intensities.

Main Results:
From an initial 4140 studies, 8 were retained, and risk of bias ranged from low to high. Meta-analysis showed the odds of adults meeting minimum recommended PA levels were doubled in groups provided a PLPA intervention [OR = 2.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.35-3.43]. Total PA levels were increased in the short term (SMD = 0.15, 95% CI = 0.03-0.27) but not in the long term. Longer term interventions did not improve outcomes. Nonstatistical analysis identified that PLPA interventions were efficacious at increasing the amount of PA adults performed at all intensities.

Conclusions:
Clinic-based PLPA interventions delivered in private practice, primary care, and outpatient settings were efficacious at increasing PA in adults at risk of NCDs. Improvements did not last long term and were not enhanced with longer interventions.
Head Impact Exposure in Youth Soccer and Variation by Age and Sex
Authors: Chrisman Sara P. D. , Ebel Beth E. , Stein Elizabeth , Lowry Sarah J. , Rivara Frederick P. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To examine variation in head impact exposure (HIE) by age and sex in youth soccer.

Design:
Prospective cohort study.

Setting and Participants:
Youth soccer athletes (11-14 years old) in local clubs.

Exposures:
Age and sex.

Outcome Measures:
Head impact exposure measured using adhesive-mounted accelerometers during 1 month of soccer.

Results:
Forty-six youth athletes (54% female) participated. No athlete reported a concussion during the study. More males than females had at least 1 head impact ≥15 g (P = 0.02). Of those who sustained a head impact above the 15-g threshold (57%), females sustained HIE of greater magnitude than males (median 47.4 g vs 33.3 g, P = 0.04). Eighty-five percent of athletes on U14 teams had at least 1 head impact ≥15 g compared with 15% of athletes on U12 teams (P < 0.001). Poisson regression stratified by sex and controlling for team-suggested age effects were significant only for females (P = 0.02). There was significant variation in HIE by team. There were no decrements in concussion symptoms, health-related quality of life, or neuropsychological testing after 1 month of soccer play.

Conclusions:
There is significant variation in HIE in youth soccer, which seems to be influenced by age and sex. Further studies are needed to better understand potential significance for injury prevention.
Association Between Previous Injury and Risk Factors for Future Injury in Preprofessional Ballet and Contemporary Dancers
Authors: Kenny Sarah J. , Palacios-Derflingher Luz , Shi Qian , Whittaker Jackie L. , Emery Carolyn A. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:To determine the prevalence of self-reported 1-year injury history and examine its association with preparticipation evaluation components aimed at predicting future injury risk (PPE-IP) among preprofessional ballet and contemporary dancers.Design:Cross-sectional study.Setting:Preprofessional ballet school, university contemporary dance program.Participants:Full-time preprofessional ballet and contemporary dancers.Assessment of Risk Factors:Preparticipation evaluation consisted of the Athletic Coping Skills Inventory-28, body mass index, total bone mineral density, ankle range of motion, active standing turnout, lumbopelvic control, unipedal dynamic balance, and Y-Balance test.Main Outcome Measure:Self-reported 1-year history of dance-related medical attention and/or time-loss injury.Results:A total of 155 ballet [n = 90, 80 females, median age 15 years (range 11-19)] and contemporary [n = 65, 63 females, median age 20 years (range 17-30)] dancers participated. Forty-six percent (95% confidence interval (CI), 38.4-54.6) reported a 1-year injury history. Self-reported injury history was not associated with any PPE-IP, however, an influence of age and psychological coping skills on the relationship between 1-year injury history and PPE-IP was identified. Multivariable analyses revealed that prevalence of 1-year injury history did not differ by age [referent group <15 years; 15-18 years: odds ratio (OR) 0.80 (95% CI, 0.35-1.79); >18 years: OR 0.69 (95% CI, 0.30-1.56)], or level of psychological coping skills [OR 1.35 (95% CI, 0.61-2.94)].Conclusions:The prevalence of self-reported 1-year injury history among preprofessional ballet and contemporary dancers is high. Although measures of PPE-IP did not differ based on injury history, it is important that age and psychological coping skills are considered in future dance injury prevention and prediction research.Level of Evidence:Level 3 evidence.
Resolution of Persistent Post-Stapedotomy Vertigo With Migraine Prophylactic Medication
Authors: Moshtaghi Omid , Mahboubi Hossein , Haidar Yarah M. , Sahyouni Ronald , Lin Harrison W. , Djalilian Hamid R. 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
To describe persistent post-stapedotomy vertigo (PSV) and its treatment using migraine prophylaxis.

Patients:
A retrospective review of all patients with persistent PSV spanning 10 years at a tertiary academic hospital was performed. Patients who experienced persistent vertigo for a minimum of 3 months after surgery were included. Those with possible perilymph fistula, long prosthesis, and benign paroxysmal positional vertigo were excluded.

Interventions:
All patients received instructions on migraine dietary and lifestyle changes and Vitamin B2 and magnesium. In addition, prophylactic treatment with nortriptyline, verapamil, or a combination thereof was started.

Main Outcome Measure:
Changes in vertigo frequency was the main outcome variable. The secondary outcome variables included the time period and medications necessary to achieve symptomatic resolution.

Results:
Four women and one man with an average age of 53 years were identified that met criteria for persistent PSV indicating an incidence of 0.9% at our institution. The onset of vertigo symptoms was on average 20 days postoperatively. All five patients had daily vertigo episodes and experienced complete resolution with no vertigo episodes after treatment. Symptomatic resolution was achieved over an average of 9 weeks after initiating treatments.

Conclusions:
Persistent PSV beyond 3 months is a rare occurrence and its treatment can be challenging when there is no evidence of an underlying pathology. This subset of patients may be suffering from migraine, which was triggered postoperatively. Treatment with migraine prophylaxis in this cohort of patients may result in resolution of vertigo.
Cochlear Implantation in Cochlear Ossification: Retrospective Review of Etiologies, Surgical Considerations, and Auditory Outcomes
Authors: Vashishth Ashish , Fulcheri Andrea , Prasad Sampath Chandra , Bassi Margherita , Rossi Gianluca , Caruso Antonio , Sanna Mario 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
1) To review the surgical and auditory outcomes and complications of cochlear implantation in cases with cochlear ossification. 2) To evaluate association between the extent and etiology of ossification to outcomes.

Study Design:
Retrospective study.

Setting:
Otology and skull base surgery center.

Subjects and Methods:
Charts of 40 patients (42 ears) with cochlear ossification undergoing cochlear implantation were reviewed. Demographic features, operative findings, auditory outcomes, and complications were analyzed. Operative findings included extent of cochlear ossification, extent of drilling required to obtain patent cochlear lumen, approach (posterior tympanotomy/subtotal petrosectomy), electrode insertion (partial/complete, scala tympani/vestibuli), and complications. Auditory outcomes were assessed over a 4-year follow-up period using vowel, word, sentence, and comprehension scores. Patients were divided into groups (otosclerotic/non-otosclerotic and round window/basal turn ossification) for comparison of auditory outcomes. Outcomes were compared with 60 randomly identified controls (adults with postlingual deafness) who underwent implantation with no cochlear ossification.

Results:
The median age and duration of deafness of patients was 54.39 and 27.15 years, respectively. Etiology of cochlear ossification was otosclerosis in 23 of 42 ears and mixed in 19 of 42 ears (chronic otitis media, temporal bone fractures, idiopathic, meningitis, Cogan's syndrome) with exclusive round window involvement in 54.7% of cases and the rest having partial or complete basal turn ossification. 59.5% ears underwent subtotal petrosectomy for implantation. Three patients underwent scala vestibuli insertion and five had incomplete electrode insertion. Auditory outcomes were comparable in otosclerotic and non-otosclerotic cases and in round window and basal turn ossification cases. No significant differences were observed in auditory scores when compared with controls with no ossification.

Conclusions:
Cochlear implantation in cochlear ossification is feasible despite surgical challenges and modifications. Auditory outcomes in basal turn ossification appear to be comparable to cases with no ossification with extent of ossification having no significant association with outcomes.
Cochlear Implant Associated Labyrinthitis: A Previously Unrecognized Phenomenon With a Distinct Clinical and Electrophysiological Impedance Pattern
Authors: Itayem Deeyar A. , Sladen Douglas , Driscoll Colin L. , Neff Brian A. , Beatty Charles W. , Carlson Matthew L. 
Published: October 2017

Objectives:
To report a unique clinical entity “cochlear implant associated labyrinthitis,” characterized by a distinct constellation of clinical symptoms and pattern of electrode impedance fluctuations.

Study Design:
Retrospective chart review.

Methods:
All patients that underwent cochlear implantation between January 2014 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All subjects with acute onset dizziness, device performance decline, and characteristic erratic pattern of electrode impedances occurring after an asymptotic postoperative interval were identified and reported.

Results:
Five patients with the above criteria were identified, representing 1.4% of all implant surgeries performed during this time. The median age at time of implantation was 71 years, and the median time interval between implantation and onset of symptoms was 126 days. All patients exhibited acute onset dizziness, subjective performance deterioration, erratic impedance pattern, and two experienced worsening tinnitus. Two of five patients underwent subsequent CT imaging, where good electrode placement was confirmed without cochlear ossification. Two of five patients received oral prednisone therapy. All patients reported a subjective improvement in symptoms and stabilization of electrode impedances. Three patients subsequently received vestibular testing, where significantly reduced peripheral vestibular function was identified.

Conclusions:
We describe a unique clinical entity, “cochlear implant associated labyrinthitis,” characterized by a distinct constellation of clinical symptoms and corresponding electrode impedance anomalies. The exact cause for this event remains unknown, but may be related to viral illness, delayed foreign body reaction to the electrode, or a reaction to electrical stimulation. Future studies characterizing this unique clinical entity are needed to further elucidate cause and optimal management.
Decrease of trabecular bone score reflects severity of Crohn’s disease: results of a case–control study
Authors: Krajcovicova Anna , Kuzma Martin , Hlavaty Tibor , Hans Didier , Koller Tomas , Jackuliak Peter , Leskova Zuzana , Sturdik Igor , Killinger Zdenko , Payer Juraj 
Published: October 2017

Objectives
Osteoporosis and osteopaenia are known chronic complications of inflammatory bowel diseases. The trabecular bone score (TBS) provides an indirect measurement of bone microarchitecture, independent of bone mineral density (BMD).

Patients and methods
The study was designed as a case–control study with the aim to assess and compare bone quantity and quality in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD). We purposefully excluded postmenopausal women and patients on long-term corticosteroid therapy.

Results
The cohort consisted of 50 CD patients and 25 healthy controls who matched in age, sex, weight, or vitamin D status. There was no significant difference between CD patients versus controls in the mean lumbar BMD of 0.982±0.119 versus 0.989±0.12 g/cm2 and the mean TBS score of 1.37±0.12 versus 1.38±0.12. We observed significantly lower TBS, but not lumbar BMD, in CD patients with stricturing (B2, 1.36±0.08) or penetrating (B3, 1.32±0.11) disease compared with those with luminal disease (B1, 1.42±0.11; P=0.003 and <0.0001, respectively). We also observed lower mean±SD TBS in patients on versus not on anti-tumour necrosis factor-α therapy: 1.341±0.138 versus 1.396±0.099, respectively. However, the difference between these groups failed to reach statistical significance (P=0.11). No similar finding was seen comparing lumbar BMD in these groups.

Conclusion
For the first time, it was observed that TBS, but not BMD, correlates with the severity of CD. Our results therefore suggest that TBS can potentially help to identify high fracture risk CD patients better than BMD alone.