bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy decreases the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case–control Study
Authors: Khare Neha , Vanza Bhavuk , Sagar Deepak , Saurav Kumar , Chauhan Rohit , Mishra Supriya 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and periodontitis are common chronic inflammatory conditions. Several studies suggested a relationship between RA and periodontitis. Recent studies have shown a beneficial effect of periodontal treatment on the severity of active RA. So the aim of this study was to examine the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on the clinical parameters of RA.

Materials and methods
A total of 60 subjects with moderateto- severe chronic generalized periodontitis and active RA in the age range 18 to 65 were selected for the study. They were divided into two groups. Group A (control group) consisted of 30 subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis and RA, and group B of 30 subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis and RA and they received nonsurgical periodontal therapy (scaling, root planning, and oral hygiene instructions). Evaluation of clinical observations of Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), number of swollen joints (SJ), number of tender joints (TJ), values of erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), visual analogue scale (VAS) for patient's global assessment, 3 months disease activity score (DAS) index, and C-reactive protein (CRP) was done at baseline and 3 months. Statistical evaluation of clinical observations was carried out.

Results
Group B subjects who received nonsurgical periodontal therapy showed statistically significant improvement in all periodontal and RA parameters at 3 months, compared with group A who did not receive periodontal therapy.

Conclusion
It can be concluded from the result that nonsurgical periodontal therapy may contribute to reduction in severity and symptoms of RA.

Clinical significance
Rheumatoid arthritis patients should be evaluated for periodontitis and treated for the same in order to reduce its severity level.

How to cite this article
Khare N, Vanza B, Sagar D, Saurav K, Chauhan R, Mishra S. Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy decreases the Severity of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case–control Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):484-488.
The Effect of Using Self-ligating Brackets on Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hajeer Mohammad Y , Hassan Siba E , Alali Osama H , Kaddah Ayham S 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The results of previous studies about the efficacy of using self-ligating brackets (SLBs) in controlling canine movement during retraction are not in harmony. Therefore, the current study aimed to compare the effects of using new passive SLBs on maxillary canine retraction with sliding mechanics vs conventional ligating brackets (CLBs) tied with metal ligatures.

Materials and methods
The sample comprised 15 adult patients (4 males, 11 females; 18–24 years) requiring bilateral extraction of maxillary first premolars. Units of randomization are the left or right maxillary canines within the same patient. The two maxillary canines in each patient were randomly assigned to one of the two groups in a simple split-mouth design. The canines in the SLBs group (n = 15) were bracketed with SLBs (Damon Q™), while the canines in the CLBs group (n = 15) were bracketed with conventional brackets (Mini Master Series). Transpalatal bars were used for anchorage. After leveling and alignment, 0.019 × 0.025ʺ stainless steel working archwires were placed. Canines were retracted using a nickel-titanium close-coil springs with a 150 gm force. The amount and rate of maxillary canine retraction, canine rotation, and loss of anchorage were measured on study models collected at the beginning of canine retraction (T0) and 12 weeks later (T1). Differences were analyzed using paired-samples t-tests.

Results
The effect differences were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Using Damon Q™ SLBs, the amount and rate of canine retraction were greater, while canine rotation and anchorage loss were less.

Conclusion
From a clinical perspective, extraction space closure can be accomplished more effectively using SLBs.

Clinical significance
Self-ligating brackets gave better results compared to the CLBs in terms of rate of movement, amount of canine rotation following extraction, and anchorage loss.

How to cite this article
Hassan SE, Hajeer MY, Alali OH, Kaddah AS. The Effect of Using Self-ligating Brackets on Maxillary Canine Retraction: A Split-mouth Design Randomized Controlled Trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):496-503.
La mercantilización de la sanidad: el caso de Catalunya
Authors: Martínez Ana , Smith Kayla , Llop-Gironés Alba , Vergara Montse , Benach Joan 
Published: October 2016

La mercantilización de los sistemas sanitarios públicos ha sido en las últimas décadas, un proceso creciente, con especial presencia en los sistemas sanitarios de cobertura universal y en países de renta alta como España. Hay sustanciales diferencias en los sistemas sanitarios de las diferentes comunidades autónomas del estado Español, entre las que Catalunya se caracteriza por tener un sistema sanitario mixto con complejas colaboraciones e interacciones entre los sectores sanitarios público y privado. Mediante un enfoque de revisión narrativa, este artículo aborda diversos aspectos del sistema sanitario catalán, caracterizando los procesos de privatización y mercantilización de la sanidad en Catalunya desde una perspectiva histórica, con especial atención a los cambios legislativos recientes y las medidas de austeridad. El artículo se aproxima, con respecto a la mercantilización, a los eventuales efectos de la misma y de las medidas de austeridad, en la salud de la población y en la estructura, la accesibilidad, la efectividad, la equidad y la calidad de los servicios sanitarios.
Mobile Devices and Applications for Supply Chain Management: Process, Contingency, and Performance Effects
Authors: Schoenherr Tobias 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWhile the adoption, use, and impact of mobile devices and applications (MDA) in downstream (B2C) settings have received considerable attention, studies on these issues in the upstream (B2B) context have been largely absent. The present work fills this gap and investigates the use of MDA for supply chain management (SCM). In doing so, we address several shortcomings noted in extant technology acceptance research and merge this framework with the resource-based view. First, arguments are developed for the central role played by behavioral intention in the relationship from perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness to usage behavior, positioning behavioral intention as an important process element. Second, competitive pressure is theorized to represent an influential contingency, moderating the impact of behavioral intention on usage behavior. Third, the impact of usage behavior on five important strategic performance measures necessary for competitive success (delivery, flexibility, quality, cost, and innovation performance) is assessed, pinpointing the value of MDA for SCM across these crucial measures of performance. And fourth, information uncertainty is positioned as a contextual force that can enhance the value of using MDA for competitive performance. Survey data from 217 adopters of MDA for SCM are used to test our expectations.
Analysis of Truck Accidents Using Structural Equation Models
Authors: Mitra Subhro 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Many researchers and practitioners in the trucking industry have expressed concerns with the implementation of Compliance, Safety and Accountability (CSA), which is a safety management initiative created by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). CSA assigns Behavior Analysis Safety Improvement Categories (BASIC) scores to carriers, based on driver and vehicle performance. This technique of assigning BASIC scores to carriers is a cause of concern for many stakeholders in the industry. This article presents a structural equation model (SEM) to understand the relationship between the BASIC scores and crash records of the carriers. Exogenous variables are Unsafe Driving, Fatigue Driving, Driver Fitness, Controlled Substances/Alcohol, and Vehicle Maintenance. Crash-Per-Million-Miles is the endogenous variable in the SEM. We observed existence of a latent variable driver characteristic, which in turn influences three of the exogenous variables. Based on the SEM model output we concluded that four of the exogenous variables—Unsafe Driving, Fatigue Driving, Driver Fitness, and Controlled Substances/Alcohol—have significant influence on the endogenous variable.
Chitosan Wound Dressings Incorporating Exosomes Derived from MicroRNA-126-Overexpressing Synovium Mesenchymal Stem Cells Provide Sustained Release of Exosomes and Heal Full-Thickness Skin Defects in a Diabetic Rat Model
Authors: Tao Shi-Cong , Guo Shang-Chun , Li Min , Ke Qin-Fei , Guo Ya-Ping , Zhang Chang-Qing 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
There is a need to find better strategies to promote wound healing, especially of chronic wounds, which remain a challenge. We found that synovium mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) have the ability to strongly promote cell proliferation of fibroblasts; however, they are ineffective at promoting angiogenesis. Using gene overexpression technology, we overexpressed microRNA-126-3p (miR-126-3p) and transferred the angiogenic ability of endothelial progenitor cells to SMSCs, promoting angiogenesis. We tested a therapeutic strategy involving controlled-release exosomes derived from miR-126-3p-overexpressing SMSCs combined with chitosan. Our in vitro results showed that exosomes derived from miR-126-3p-overexpressing SMSCs (SMSC-126-Exos) stimulated the proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts and human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, SMSC-126-Exos also promoted migration and tube formation of HMEC-1. Testing this system in a diabetic rat model, we found that this approach resulted in accelerated re-epithelialization, activated angiogenesis, and promotion of collagen maturity in vivo. These data provide the first evidence of the potential of SMSC-126-Exos in treating cutaneous wounds and indicate that modifying the cells—for example, by gene overexpression—and using the exosomes derived from these modified cells provides a potential drug delivery system and could have infinite possibilities for future therapy.
Interruptions of antiretroviral therapy in children and adolescents with HIV infection in clinical practice: a retrospective cohort study in the USA
Authors: Rakhmanina Natella , Lam Kam S , Hern Jaclyn , Young Heather A , Walters Alex , Castel Amanda D 
Published: October 2016

IntroductionChanges in combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) throughout childhood challenge the continuity of paediatric HIV treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of treatment interruption (TI), including lamivudine (3TC) monotherapy, and the relationship of TI to virologic and immunologic parameters in HIV‐infected paediatric patients.MethodsNested within a prospective observational study of a city‐wide cohort of HIV‐infected persons in the District of Columbia, this sub‐study collected retrospective data on antiretroviral therapy, enrolment (endpoint) and historic (lifelong) CD4 counts and HIV RNA viral load (VL) of the paediatric cohort. TI was defined as interruption of cART ≥4 consecutive weeks. Data on TI, including 3TC monotherapy TI (MTI), were collected. Descriptive statistics and univariate testing were used to compare children with TI and MTI to children on continuous treatment (CT).ResultsThirty‐eight (28%) out of 136 enrolled children (median age=12.9 years) experienced TI, with 14 (37%) of those placed on 3TC MTI. Significantly lower endpoint median CD4 counts (598 cells/mm3 vs. 815 cells/mm3; p=0.003) and CD4% (27.5% vs. 33%; p=0.006) were observed in the TI cohort as compared to the CT cohort. The median endpoint VL in the overall TI cohort was ~4 times higher than among the CT cohort (1427 copies/mL vs. 5581 copies/mL; p<0.0001). After a median TI duration of one year, a majority (n=31; 82%) of patients with TI restarted cART, including 100% of those with total TI and 53% of those on MTI, respectively.ConclusionsIn our study, we observed high frequency of the TI in HIV in paediatric HIV clinical practice. All TIs, including 3TC MTI, were associated with significantly lower endpoint median CD4 counts and higher median VLs, as compared to CT in paediatric patients. The high frequency of TI and associated poor outcomes suggest a need for a better strategy in managing the course of the paediatric and adolescent cART.
Long‐term variation of Ampère force by geomagnetic Sq currents and thermospheric pressure difference
Authors: Takeda Masahiko 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe long‐term variation of the Ampère force exerted by geomagnetic Sq currents was studied in relation to the thermospheric pressure. First, the long‐term trend of the pressure difference was estimated using a linear regression coefficient based on a high correlation between the Ampère force and the pressure difference in recent years. The pressure difference may be inferred from solar parameters such as solar sunspot number; inspection of the difference from Sq has a merit that it gives the “response” of the thermosphere in contrast with the “input” parameters of the solar activity index. Next, the effect of the version up of sunspot number was examined. The correlation of the Ampère force with sunspot number updated in 2015 (version 2) is slightly higher than that with old sunspot number (version 1), which suggests that the later version is an improved index for the solar activity and its effect on the state of the thermosphere. Last, the correlation between total Sq currents and sunspot number was found to be less than that between the Ampère force and sunspot number, although the difference is small and could not be statistically significant. This suggests that the geomagnetic main field affects the relation between the Ampère force and the pressure difference.
Coalescence of magnetic flux ropes observed in the tailward high‐speed flows
Authors: Zhao Yan , Wang Rongsheng , Lu Quanming , Du Aimin , Yao Zhonghua , Wu Mingyu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe report a tailward high‐speed flow event observed by Cluster during 0203:00UT–0205:30UT on 20 September 2003. Within the flows, a series of three bipolar Bz signatures were observed. The first and third bipolar Bz signatures are identified as magnetic flux ropes, while the middle one is found to result from the collision of the two flux ropes. A vertical thin current layer was embedded in the center of the middle bipolar Bz signature. Combining the plasma, electric field, and wave data around the thin current layer, we conclude that the two magnetic flux ropes were coalescing. The observations indicate that coalescence of magnetic flux ropes can happen in the regions away from reconnection site and can produce energetic electrons and waves. A basic criterion for identifying the coalescence in the magnetotail is proposed also.
Fluvial carbon export from a lowland Amazonian rainforest in relation to atmospheric fluxes
Authors: Vihermaa Leena E. , Waldron Susan , Domingues Tomas , Grace John , Cosio Eric G. , Limonchi Fabian , Hopkinson Chris , da Rocha Humberto Ribeiro , Gloor Emanuel 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe constructed a whole carbon budget for a catchment in the Western Amazon Basin, combining drainage water analyses with eddy covariance (EC) measured terrestrial CO2 fluxes. As fluvial C export can represent permanent C export it must be included in assessments of whole site C balance, but it is rarely done. The footprint area of the flux tower is drained by two small streams (~5–7 km2) from which we measured the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC) export, and CO2 efflux. The EC measurements showed the site C balance to be +0.7 ± 9.7 Mg C ha−1 yr−1 (a source to the atmosphere) and fluvial export was 0.3 ± 0.04 Mg C ha−1 yr−1. Of the total fluvial loss 34% was DIC, 37% DOC, and 29% POC. The wet season was most important for fluvial C export. There was a large uncertainty associated with the EC results and with previous biomass plot studies (−0.5 ± 4.1 Mg C ha−1 yr−1); hence, it cannot be concluded with certainty whether the site is C sink or source. The fluvial export corresponds to only 3–7% of the uncertainty related to the site C balance; thus, other factors need to be considered to reduce the uncertainty and refine the estimated C balance. However, stream C export is significant, especially for almost neutral sites where fluvial loss may determine the direction of the site C balance. The fate of C downstream then dictates the overall climate impact of fluvial export.
Catalytic Enantioselective Aza‐Piancatelli Rearrangement
Authors: Li Huilin , Tong Rongbiao , Sun Jianwei 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn efficient organocatalytic enantioselective aza‐Piancatelli rearrangement is disclosed. The powerful process provides rapid access to valuable chiral 4‐amino‐2‐cyclopentenone building blocks from readily available 2‐furfurylcarbinols with excellent chemo‐, enantio‐, and diastereoselectivities under mild reaction conditions.
An Arylation Strategy to Propargylamines: Catalytic Asymmetric Friedel–Crafts‐type Arylation Reactions of C‐Alkynyl Imines
Authors: Wang Yingcheng , Jiang Liang , Li Long , Dai Jun , Xiong Dan , Shao Zhihui 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe first arylation strategy for the synthesis of enantioenriched propargylamines is disclosed. This approach, which is complementary to previous alkynylation and alkylation strategies, involves a C(sp2)−C(sp3) bond formation, and is based on the first asymmetric Friedel–Crafts‐type arylation reaction of C‐alkynyl imines. Asymmetric Friedel–Crafts reactions with electron‐deficient phenols, a longstanding unsolved challenge, have thus been realized for the first time, enabled by the combination of our recently introduced C‐alkynyl N‐Boc‐protected N,O‐acetals as electrophiles and chiral phosphoric acids as catalysts. The synthetic utility of the resulting structurally diverse and polyfunctional chiral propargylamines was demonstrated by a series of selective transformations, including controlled reduction of the alkynyl group and iterative cross‐couplings.
Probing Functional Heteromeric Chemokine Protein–Protein Interactions through Conformation‐Assisted Oxime Ligation
Authors: Agten Stijn M. , Koenen Rory R. , Ippel Hans , Eckardt Veit , von Hundelshausen Philipp , Mayo Kevin H. , Weber Christian , Hackeng Tilman M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractProtein–protein interactions (PPIs) govern most processes in living cells. Current drug development strategies are aimed at disrupting or stabilizing PPIs, which require a thorough understanding of PPI mechanisms. Examples of such PPIs are heteromeric chemokine interactions that are potentially involved in pathological disorders such as cancer, atherosclerosis, and HIV. It remains unclear whether this functional modulation is mediated by heterodimer formation or by the additive effects of mixed chemokines on their respective receptors. To address this issue, we report the synthesis of a covalent RANTES‐PF4 heterodimer (termed OPRAH) by total chemical synthesis and oxime ligation, with an acceleration of the final ligation step driven by PPIs between RANTES and PF4. Compared to mixed separate chemokines, OPRAH exhibited increased biological activity, thus providing evidence that physical formation of the heterodimer indeed mediates enhanced function.
Unnatural Amino Acid Synthesis Enabled by the Regioselective Cobalt(III)‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Carboamination of Alkenes
Authors: Lerchen Andreas , Knecht Tobias , Daniliuc Constantin G. , Glorius Frank 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHerein, we report an unprecedented regioselective and entirely atom‐economic cobalt(III)‐catalyzed method for the non‐annulative, intermolecular carboamination of alkenes. The methodology enables the direct synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives and proceeds under redox‐neutral conditions with a completely regioselective C−C bond and C−N bond formation. Furthermore, this reaction exemplifies the inherently different mechanistic behavior of the Cp*CoIII catalyst and its Cp*RhIII counterpart, especially towards β‐H‐elimination.
In Situ Confined Growth Based on a Self‐Templating Reduction Strategy of Highly Dispersed Ni Nanoparticles in Hierarchical Yolk–Shell Fe@SiO2 Structures as Efficient Catalysts
Authors: Jiao Jiao , Wang Haiyan , Guo Wanchun , Li Ruifei , Tian Kesong , Xu Zhaopeng , Jia Yin , Wu Yuehao , Cao Ling 
Published: October 2016

AbstractNi‐based magnetic catalysts exhibit moderate activity, low cost, and magnetic reusability in hydrogenation reactions. However, Ni nanoparticles anchored on magnetic supports commonly suffer from undesirable agglomeration during catalytic reactions due to the relatively weak affinity of the magnetic support for the Ni nanoparticles. A hierarchical yolk–shell Fe@SiO2/Ni catalyst, with an inner movable Fe core and an ultrathin SiO2/Ni shell composed of nanosheets, was synthesized in a self‐templating reduction strategy with a hierarchical yolk–shell Fe3O4@nickel silicate nanocomposite as the precursor. The spatial confinement of highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles with a mean size of 4 nm within ultrathin SiO2 nanosheets with a thickness of 2.6 nm not only prevented their agglomeration during catalytic transformations but also exposed the abundant active Ni sites to reactants. Moreover, the large inner cavities and interlayer spaces between the assembled ultrathin SiO2/Ni nanosheets provided suitable mesoporous channels for diffusion of the reactants towards the active sites. As expected, the Fe@SiO2/Ni catalyst displayed high activity, high stability, and magnetic recoverability for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds. In particular, the Ni‐based catalyst in the conversion of 4‐nitroamine maintained a rate of over 98 % and preserved the initial yolk–shell structure without any obvious aggregation of Ni nanoparticles after ten catalytic cycles, which confirmed the high structural stability of the Ni‐based catalyst.
The use of alternative solvents in enzymatic biodiesel production: a review
Authors: Taher Hanifa , Al‐Zuhair Sulaiman 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBiodiesel produced from oil‐rich feedstocks is known as a green replacement for conventional petroleum diesel. Transesterification is the common method used for biodiesel production. The enzymatic biodiesel production, using lipases, has recently been receiving extensive attention, due to its advantages over conventional alkali catalyzed process. The lipases can work at mild operating conditions, thus requiring less energy, with the ability to catalyze both triglycerides and free fatty acids (FFAs) from different oil sources, requiring fewer post‐production steps.Among the process challenges that face this process is the inhibition of the lipase with excessive use of alcohols, resulting in a decrease in biodiesel yield. The use of organic solvents, as a reaction medium, becomes essential in this case. However, most organic solvents are toxic and volatile with harmful impacts on the environmental. In addition, with the use of volatile organic solvents, an additional unit is required to separate them from the products, for the purification of the product and recycling of the solvent. In this paper, the prospect of using alternative solvents, specifically supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO2) and ionic liquids (ILs), in enzymatic biodiesel production is presented. The properties of these alternative solvents, their advantages over organic solvents, factors affecting lipases activity and stability in these solvents, and the challenges facing process commercialization are discussed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd