bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative Predictive Modeling for PICC Line Complications in Oncology: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Feifei , Ye Guanjun , Chen Ping , Gui Zongying 
Published: September 2024

Aims/Background Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) are increasingly used in cancer treatment, offering significant therapeutic benefits while also posing risks for complications such as infection, thrombosis, and catheter migration. Effective prediction and management of these complications are crucial to optimizing patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs. Methods This retrospective study analyzed PICC line insertion in 266 cancer patients implemented from January 2019 to December 2023 at a regional healthcare facility in China. Using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression, we identified key factors influencing PICC line complications and developed a tailored nomogram for individual risk assessment. The efficacy of the model was compared with support vector machine (SVM), random forest, and gradient boosting machine (GBM) using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and decision curve analysis (DCA) metrics. Results Factors such as body mass index (BMI), diabetic status, and age were found to be significant predictors of PICC line complications. The LASSO model demonstrated superior predictive capability (area under the curve, AUC = 0.79) over SVM (AUC = 0.40), random forest (AUC = 0.70), and GBM (AUC = 0.64). A tailored nomogram was developed for clinical use, enabling personalized risk evaluation. Conclusion The study underscores the utility of LASSO logistic regression in the personalized risk evaluation of PICC line complications, recommending its integration into clinical practice. The tailored nomogram provides a practical tool for clinicians to enhance care customization for patients requiring PICC lines, thereby improving treatment outcomes and patient safety.
Exploring pharmacists’ attitude, willingness and barriers to provide extended community pharmacy services: Implications for improved pharmacy services
Authors: Jarab Anan S. , Al-Qerem Walid , Alzoubi Karem H. , Almomani Nadeen , Abu Heshmeh Shrouq , Mukattash Tareq , Alhamarneh Yazid N. 
Published: September 2024

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate pharmacists’ attitude and willingness to provide extended community pharmacy services (ECPS), the barriers to ECPS, and the factors associated with attitude and willingness to implement ECPS.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a validated, self-administered questionnaire was distributed online to community pharmacists across the United Arab Emirates between September and November 2023. In addition to sociodemographic data, the questionnaire evaluated attitudes toward ECPS, willingness to provide ECPS, and barriers to its implementation. Binary logistic regression was conducted to explore the factors associated with attitude and willingness to implement ECPS.

Results
The study included 409 pharmacists. Over half of the participants reported below the median attitude (58.7%) and willingness (59.4%) scores. Female pharmacists had a lower attitude towards ECPS (OR = 0.425, 95%CI: 0.242–0.747). Higher number of daily prescriptions (OR = 1.066, 95%CI: 1.029–1.105) and being a Pharm D graduate (OR = 2.664, 95%CI: 1.439–4.932) were associated with higher willingness to provide ECPS, while an increased number of employed pharmacists (OR = 0.518, 95%CI: 0.397–0.676) was associated with a lower willingness (OR = 0.049, 95%CI: 0.004–0.660). Patients’ preoccupation (76.5%), lack of specific training (76.3%), lack of clinical problem-solving skills (74.6%) and lack of a private consultation room (74.6%) were the most commonly reported barriers to ECPS.

Conclusions
Community pharmacists demonstrated unsatisfactory levels of attitude and willingness towards ECPS provision. Therefore, providing training and education programs that enhance pharmacists’ perception and willingness to implement ECPS and emphasize improving clinical problem-solving skills, as well as setting up specific private consultation rooms, is deemed necessary. Female pharmacy graduates, pharmacists dispensing fewer daily prescriptions, and those working with a higher number of employed pharmacists should be specifically targeted when implementing these strategies.
TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGY DEPLOYMENT FOR EMERGENCY AND DISASTER RESPONSE – A CASE IN SUDAN: PROBLEMS AND OUTLOOK
Authors: OKOH Dr Jocelyn Cletus , KOSHECHKIN Prof. Konstantine , OKOH Linda Ngunengen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Telemedicine, the remote delivery of healthcare services using telecommunications technology, has emerged as a critical tool in emergency and disaster response. This paper explores the deployment of telemedicine technology in such scenarios, highlighting its potential benefits and addressing the challenges it faces. Drawing on review of existing literature, case studies, and expert opinions, this paper identifies key problems hindering the effective implementation of telemedicine in emergency and disaster response, and the technologies in use on the field. Additionally, it discusses potential solutions and outlines an outlook for the future of telemedicine in mitigating the impact of emergencies and disasters on public health. It is evident that the power of telemedicine can be harnessed to manage the effect of disasters and emergencies on safety and the health of the public. Governments and stakeholders should brace up and take advantage of the available technologies.
Keyword: Telemedicine, healthcare, technology, emergency, disaster, public health.
Adult Hepatoblastoma and Concomitant Hepatitis B Infection
Authors: Nieto Dominguez Alejandro , Eichinger Sarah Elizabeth , Matrova Elza , Almoghrabi Anas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
We report a case of hepatoblastoma in a 26-year-old man with a background of type 2 diabetes mellitus and untreated hepatitis B, initially presenting with hematemesis and a recent diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma on computed tomography scan from a different hospital and recent referral to hospice. On presentation to our hospital, given atypical presentation for hepatocellular carcinoma, histological examination was made, revealing hepatoblastoma. Treatment included chemotherapy and management of hepatitis B, although complicated by chemotherapy-induced cytopenias and tumor progression, ultimately losing the patient to follow-up after 2 years.
La cuestión sexual en las cárceles y la circulación de saberes: Argentina, Brasil, Perú, 1934-1947
Authors: Olaeta Hernan , Nuñez Jorge 
Published: September 2024

Desde inicios del siglo XX, el derecho a tener visitas íntimas por parte de las personas privadas de libertad tuvo avances muy dispares en el ámbito internacional, destacándose experiencias puntuales pero escasas reformas de fondo. En este marco, Argentina no fue la excepción. En los años 1930, la referencia al problema sexual en la prisión fue teniendo interés en ámbitos académicos, pero no logró impactar en las prácticas penitenciarias ni en el plano normativo hasta la llegada del peronismo. En 1947, bajo la gestión de Roberto Pettinato -Director General de Institutos Penales- se reglamentó el derecho a las visitas íntimas por parte de los internos casados de las cárceles federales. Esta innovación se dio en el marco de un proceso de notables mejoras tanto para los internos como para el personal penitenciario.
Pettinato conoció de primera mano, leyó y fue influenciado a la hora de implementar las visitas íntimas por las obras de dos destacados penitenciaristas: el brasileño José Gabriel de Lemos Brito y el peruano Julio Altmann Smythe. En viajes de estudio trabó relación con ambos y al regresar a la Argentina rápidamente abordó la cuestión sexual en los establecimientos e implementó las visitas íntimas en las cárceles federales.
Los vecinos y la policía
Authors: Lorenc Valcarce Federico 
Published: September 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es determinar de qué manera los ciudadanos evalúan a la institución policial, y en particular el desempeño funcional y la actividad concreta de los agentes policiales, en el marco de sus experiencias cotidianas. Para ello nos apoyamos en los resultados de dos encuestas que realizamos en barrios populares de Mar del Plata durante 2021, y de medio centenar de entrevistas con pobladores de estos mismos barrios, que fueron interrogados sobre distintos aspectos de la situación de seguridad y la relación con la policía en su experiencia cotidiana. En consonancia con los resultados de investigación sobre América Latina, se observa que existen niveles relativamente altos de desaprobación del servicio policial. Esto va de la mano con un moderado sentimiento de desprotección. Paralelamente, existe una alta demanda de presencia policial, y de una actuación policial que se ajuste a las expectativas de la población. Pero como ni esta demanda ni estas expectativas son satisfechas, tienen a producirse juicios negativos sobre la institución y sus agentes. Esto no es incompatible con la idea de que la policía tiene limitaciones culturales, legales, presupuestarias y políticas para actuar como debería.
PEMETAAN TINGKAT RISIKO BENCANA KEBAKARAN BERBASIS SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS (STUDI KASUS : KECAMATAN SEMARANG BARAT DAN TENGAH )
Authors: Wibisana Alyawan Satrio , Nugraha Arief Laila , Wijaya Arwan Putra 
Published: September 2024

Kecamatan Semarang Barat dan Semarang Tengah, terdapat angka yang cukup tinggi terjadinya bencana kebakaran. Penyebab dari kebakaran yang terjadi disebabkan oleh lingkungan pemukiman yang padat. Maka, diperlukannya pemetaan risiko bencana kebakaran pada Semarang Barat dan Semarang Tengah sebagai upaya untuk menanggulangi bencana kebakaran. Pemetaan risiko bencana kebakaran dilakukan dengan modifikasi beberapa variabel pada tiap parameter yaitu ancaman, kerentanan, dan kapasitas kebakaran. Pengolahan dilakukan dengan metode AHP untuk mengetahui bobot pada tiap variabel pada parameter bencana kebakaran. Pada penilaian risiko ini digunakan penggabungan dari ketiga parameter dengan menggunakan matriks VCA dan overlay. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh bobot tertinggi pada tiap variabel dari masing-masing parameter, untuk ancaman dengan kepadatan bangunan, kerentanan dengan rasio disabilitas, dan kapasitas dengan jarak damkar sebagai bobot tertinggi. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian yang dilakukan diperoleh bobot tertinggi pada tiap variabel dari masing-masing parameter, untuk ancaman dengan kepadatan bangunan, kerentanan dengan rasio disabilitas, dan kapasitas dengan jarak pemadam kebakaran sebagai bobot tertinggi. Pada penilaian risiko dapat diketahui bahwa tidak terdapat klasifikasi tinggi untuk risiko Semarang Barat, sedangkan pada Kecamatan Semarang Tengah terdapat Kelurahan Kranggan dengan risiko tertinggi berdasarkan penilaian risiko menggunakan metode overlay pada tiga parameter: ancaman, kerentanan, dan kapasitas.
Hubungan Suhu Permukaan Laut (SPL) dan Klorofil-a Terhadap Hasil Tangkapan Yellowfin Tuna (Thunnus albacares) yang Didaratkan di Pelabuhan Tamperan, Pacitan
Authors: Latifah Arlinda Lutfiana , Wulandari Sri Yulina , Kunarso Kunarso 
Published: September 2024

Ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) merupakan salah satu sumber devisa negara dari sektor perikanan kedua setelah udang. Yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) menjadi salah satu jenis ikan pelagis besar komoditi unggulan dan banyak ditangkap di PPP Tamperan, Pacitan. Kelimpahan hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna diduga berkaitan dengan faktor oseanografi, seperti SPL dan klorofil-a. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji SPL dan klorofil-a di perairan Samudra Hindia selatan Pulau Jawa serta hubungannya terhadap hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna yang didaratkan di Pelabuhan Tamperan, Pacitan secara musiman dan antar tahunan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis spasial sebaran SPL dan klorofil-a serta analisis statistik untuk mengetahui hubungan antar parameter oseanografi terhadap hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna. Hasil penelitian menunjukkkan bahwa rata-rata SPL klimatologi pada wilayah kajian bernilai 26,17°C-29,57°C, serta konsentrasi klorofil-a yang berada pada rentang nilai 0,15 mg/m3-1,20 mg/m3. Sementara secara antar tahunan diperoleh SPL antara 25,01°C-29,99°C, dan klorofil-a sebesar 0,12 mg/m3-1,76 mg/m3. Hasil perhitungan korelasi pearson menunjukkan nilai korelasi tertinggi antara SPL dan klorofil-a dengan hasil tangkapan yellowfin tuna adalah -0,935 dan 0,965. Nilai ini menujukkan korelasi yang kuat antara parameter SPL dan klorofil-a terhadap tangkapan yellowfin tuna di perairan Tamperan.
Maximal respiratory pressure after COVID‐19 compared with reference material in healthy adults: A prospective cohort study (The SECURe study)
Authors: Helt Thora Wesenberg , Christensen Jan , Berg Ronan M. G. , Lund Thomas Kromann , Kalhauge Anna , Rönsholt Frederikke , Podlekareva Daria , Arndal Elisabeth , Madsen Flemming , Munkholm Mathias , Hanel Birgitte , Lebech Anne‐Mette , Katzenstein Terese Lea , Mortensen Jann 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAfter COVID‐19 long term respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function including maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) have been reported. However, no studies have looked at MIP and MEP in all disease groups and the reference materials collection methods differ substantially. We aimed to determine MIP and MEP in individuals after COVID‐19 infection with different disease severity using reference material of healthy control group obtained using the same standardized method. Patients with COVID‐19 were included March 2020–March 2021 at Rigshospitalet, Denmark. MIP and MEP were measured using microRPM. Predicted MIP and MEP were calculated using reference material obtained from 298 healthy adults aged 18–97 years using the same method. In SECURe, 145 participants were measured median 5 months after COVID‐19 diagnosis and of these 16% had reduced MIP and/or MEP. There was reduced spirometry and total lung capacity, but not reduced diffusion capacity in those with abnormal MIP and/or MEP compared with normal MIP and MEP. Of those with reduced MIP and/or MEP at 5 months, 80% still had reduced MIP and/or MEP at 12 months follow‐up. In conclusion, few have reduced MIP and/or MEP 5 months after COVID‐19 and little improvement was seen over time.
Pulmonary surfactant and prostaglandin E2 in airway smooth muscle relaxation of human and male guinea pigs
Authors: Hanusrichterova J. , Kolomaznik M. , Barosova R. , Adamcakova J. , Mokra D. , Mokry J. , Skovierova H. , Kelly M. M. , de Heuvel E. , Wiehler S. , Proud D. , Shen H. , Mukherjee P. G. , Amrein M. W. , Calkovska A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPulmonary surfactant serves as a barrier to respiratory epithelium but can also regulate airway smooth muscle (ASM) tone. Surfactant (SF) relaxes contracted ASM, similar to β2‐agonists, anticholinergics, nitric oxide, and prostanoids. The exact mechanism of surfactant relaxation and whether surfactant relaxes hyperresponsive ASM remains unknown. Based on previous research, relaxation requires an intact epithelium and prostanoid synthesis. We sought to examine the mechanisms by which surfactant causes ASM relaxation. Organ bath measurements of isometric tension of ASM of guinea pigs in response to exogenous surfactant revealed that surfactant reduces tension of healthy and hyperresponsive tracheal tissue. The relaxant effect of surfactant was reduced if prostanoid synthesis was inhibited and/or if prostaglandin E2‐related EP2 receptors were antagonized. Atomic force microscopy revealed that human ASM cells stiffen during contraction and soften during relaxation. Surfactant softened ASM cells, similarly to the known bronchodilator prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the cell softening was abolished when EP4 receptors for PGE2 were antagonized. Elevated levels of PGE2 were found in cultures of normal human bronchial epithelial cells exposed to pulmonary surfactant. We conclude that prostaglandin E2 and its EP2 and EP4 receptors are likely involved in the relaxant effect of pulmonary surfactant in airways.
The potential impact of universal screening for vasa previa in the prevention of stillbirths
Authors: Zhang Weiyu , Oyelese Yinka , Javinani Ali , Shamshirsaz Alireza , Akolekar Ranjit 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To estimate the number of pregnancies complicated by vasa previa annually in nine developed countries, and the potential preventable stillbirths associated with undiagnosed cases. We also assessed the potential impact of universal screening for vasa previa on reducing stillbirth rates.

Methods
We utilized nationally-reported birth and stillbirth data from public databases in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Ireland, Greece, Sweden, Portugal, and Australia. Using the annual number of births and the number and rate of stillbirths in each country, and the published incidence of vasa previa and stillbirth rates associated with the condition, we estimated the expected annual number of cases of vasa previa, those that would result in a livebirth, and the potential preventable stillbirths with and without prenatal diagnosis.

Results
There were 6,099,118 total annual births with 32,550 stillbirths, corresponding to a summary stillbirth rate of 5.34 per 1,000 pregnancies. The total expected vasa previa cases was estimated to be 5,007 (95 % CI: 3,208–7,201). The estimated number of livebirths would be 4,937 (95 % CI: 3,163–7,100) and 3,610 (95 % CI: 2,313–5,192) in pregnancies with and without a prenatal diagnosis of VP. This implies that prenatal diagnosis would potentially prevent 1,327 (95 % CI: 850–1,908) stillbirths in these countries, corresponding to a potential reduction in stillbirth rate by 4.72 % (95 % CI: 3.80–5.74) if routine screening for vasa previa was performed.

Conclusions
Our study highlights the importance of universal screening for vasa previa and suggests that prenatal diagnosis of prevention could potentially reduce 4–5 % of stillbirths.
Inverse-designed taper configuration for the enhancement of integrated 1 × 4 silicon photonic power splitters
Authors: Hong Seokjin , Yoon Jinhyeong , Kim Junhyeong , Neseli Berkay , Kim Jae-Yong , Park Hyo-Hoon , Kurt Hamza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Once light is coupled to a photonic chip, its efficient distribution in terms of power splitting throughout silicon photonic circuits is very crucial. We present two types of 1 × 4 power splitters with different splitting ratios of 1:1:1:1 and 2:1:1:2. Various taper configurations were compared and analyzed to find the suitable configuration for the power splitter, and among them, parabolic tapers were chosen. The design parameters of the power splitter were determined by means of solving inverse design problems via incorporating particle swarm optimization that allows for overcoming the limitation of the intuition-based brute-force approach. The front and rear portions of the power splitters were optimized sequentially to alleviate local minima issues. The proposed power splitters have a compact footprint of 12.32 × 5 μm2 and can be fabricated through a CMOS-compatible fabrication process. Two-stage power splitter trees were measured to enhance reliability in an experiment. As a result, the power splitter with a splitting ratio of 1:1:1:1 exhibited an experimentally measured insertion loss below 0.61 dB and an imbalance below 1.01 dB within the bandwidth of 1,518–1,565 nm. Also, the power splitter with a splitting ratio of 2:1:1:2 showed an insertion loss below 0.52 dB and a targeted imbalance below 1.15 dB within the bandwidth of 1,526–1,570 nm. Such inverse-designed power splitters can be an essential part of many large-scale photonic circuits including optical phased arrays, programmable photonics, and photonic computing chips.
Knowing Holbein’s Objects: An Object-Oriented-Ontology Analysis of The Ambassadors
Authors: Poposki Zoran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article investigates the tenet of Object-Oriented Ontology (OOO) that art, like philosophy, is a form of cognition different from literal knowledge by applying key OOO concepts to the analysis of the Renaissance painting The Ambassadors (1533), a double portrait by Hans Holbein the Younger (1497/98–1543). The Ambassadors is found to exemplify the key principles of OOO in its treatment of objects and their relationships. Through an OOO lens, the painting becomes not merely a literal representation of the subjects and their possessions, but a dynamic interplay of real and sensual qualities that exceeds any straightforward paraphrase. The figures and objects in the work are not simply passive symbols, but active agents that withdraw from direct access, preserving their autonomy and inviting the viewer’s participatory engagement. Holbein’s masterpiece comes alive precisely by troubling its own representational coherence, drawing the viewer into an uncanny encounter with the withdrawn depths of objects. By reading The Ambassadors through an object-oriented framework, the painting exemplifies art’s capacity to operate as a non-literal form of cognition, irreducible to mere symbolic codes or propositional knowledge.
Uniaxial compression stress–strain relationship of fully aeolian sand concrete at low temperatures
Authors: Dong Wei , Ren Zhiqiang , Zhou Menghu 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of various ambient temperatures on the mechanical properties of full aeolian sand concrete (ASC100). Using ordinary concrete (ASC0) as the control group, we analyzed the effects of different ambient temperatures (−20, −15, −10, −5, 0, and 20°C) on the mechanical properties of both ASC0 and ASC100 through cube compression, splitting tensile, and uniaxial compression tests. The results demonstrate that the compressive strength and splitting tensile strength of concrete cubes increased with decreasing temperature. At −20°C, the compressive strength of ASC100 increased by 30.1% and that of ASC0 increased by 27.31% compared to that at 20°C. Additionally, compared to normal temperatures, the elastic modulus of ASC0 and ASC100 at subzero temperatures increased by 28.2–61.4% and 6.8–65.7%, respectively, while the peak stress increased by 7–35% and 6.8–38%, respectively. The stress–strain curve of ASC100 showed three stages: elastic, elastic-plastic, and yield failure, serving as the reference group. Finally, based on the classical constitutive model, we modified the constitutive parameters by axial compressive strength and temperature, proposing a constitutive model of concrete suitable for different low-temperature environments, which is in good agreement with experimental data.
Der Gazakrieg und seine Folgen für den Nahen Osten
Authors: Hermann Rainer 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Der Überfall der Hamas am 7. Oktober 2023 auf Israel hat den blutigsten Nahostkrieg seit der Gründung des Staates Israel 1948 entfacht. Die Eskalation der Gewalt ist eine Folge der neuen Konstellation, in der sich Iran aufgrund seiner Allianz mit Russland und China aus seiner Isolation befreit hat; zudem drückt Iran mit seinem Proxy-Netzwerk zunehmend dem Nahen Osten seinen Willen auf. Israel gerät als Folge seiner Kriegführung international in die Kritik. Seit April 2024 ist das Risiko eines regionalen Flächenbrandes gestiegen. Die arabische Welt sucht daher den Schutz eines US-Schilds, was die Normalisierung der Beziehungen zu Israel erleichtern könnte. Der Konflikt bietet damit auch Chancen, die Region zu befrieden.