bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Target‐selectivity of parvalbumin‐positive interneurons in layer II of medial entorhinal cortex in normal and epileptic animals
Authors: Armstrong Caren , Wang Jessica , Yeun Lee Soo , Broderick John , Bezaire Marianne J. , Lee Sang‐Hun , Soltesz Ivan 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe medial entorhinal cortex layer II (MEClayerII) is a brain region critical for spatial navigation and memory, and it also demonstrates a number of changes in patients with, and animal models of, temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Prior studies of GABAergic microcircuitry in MEClayerII revealed that cholecystokinin‐containing basket cells (CCKBCs) select their targets on the basis of the long‐range projection pattern of the postsynaptic principal cell. Specifically, CCKBCs largely avoid reelin‐containing principal cells that form the perforant path to the ipsilateral dentate gyrus and preferentially innervate non‐perforant path forming calbindin‐containing principal cells. We investigated whether parvalbumin containing basket cells (PVBCs), the other major perisomatic targeting GABAergic cell population, demonstrate similar postsynaptic target selectivity as well. In addition, we tested the hypothesis that the functional or anatomic arrangement of circuit selectivity is disrupted in MEClayerII in chronic TLE, using the repeated low‐dose kainate model in rats. In control animals, we found that PVBCs innervated both principal cell populations, but also had significant selectivity for calbindin‐containing principal cells in MEClayerII. However, the magnitude of this preference was smaller than for CCKBCs. In addition, axonal tracing and paired recordings showed that individual PVBCs were capable of contacting both calbindin and reelin‐containing principal cells. In chronically epileptic animals, we found that the intrinsic properties of the two principal cell populations, the GABAergic perisomatic bouton numbers, and selectivity of the CCKBCs and PVBCs remained remarkably constant in MEClayerII. However, miniature IPSC frequency was decreased in epilepsy, and paired recordings revealed the presence of direct excitatory connections between principal cells in the MEClayerII in epilepsy, which is unusual in normal adult MEClayerII. Taken together, these findings advance our knowledge about the organization of perisomatic inhibition both in control and in epileptic animals. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sulfation of benzyl alcohol by the human cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs): a systematic analysis
Authors: Zhang Lingtian , Kurogi Katsuhisa , Liu Ming‐Yih , Schnapp Alaina M. , Williams Frederick E. , Sakakibara Yoichi , Suiko Masahito , Liu Ming‐Cheh 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to identify human cytosolic sulfotransferases (SULTs) that are capable of sulfating benzyl alcohol and to examine whether benzyl alcohol sulfation may occur in cultured human cells as well as in human organ homogenates. A systematic analysis revealed that of the 13 known human SULTs, SULT1A1 SULT1A2, SULTA3, and SULT1B1 are capable of mediating the sulfation of benzyl alcohol. The kinetic parameters of SULT1A1 that showed the strongest benzyl alcohol‐sulfating activity were determined. HepG2 human hepatoma cells were used to demonstrate the generation and release of sulfated benzyl alcohol under the metabolic settings. Moreover, the cytosol or S9 fractions of human liver, lung, kidney and small intestine were examined to verify the presence of benzyl alcohol sulfating activity in vivo. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Vitamin D Levels in Takayasu's Arteritis and a Review of the Literature on Vasculitides
Authors: Alibaz‐Oner Fatma , Asmaz‐Haliloglu Özlem , Gogas‐Yavuz Dilek , Can Meryem , Haklar Goncagul , Direskeneli Haner 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveTakayasu's arteritis (TAK) is a chronic, large‐vessel vasculitis. Vitamin D, as a steroidal hormone, has recently been shown to have immunoregulatory and immunosuppressive effects. Low vitamin D levels are demonstrated in various autoimmune disorders. The aim of this study is to investigate vitamin D levels in patients with TAK. A comprehensive review of vitamin D levels in systemic vasculitides (SVs) is also performed.MethodsThe study included 36 patients with TAK, 28 patients with Behçet's disease (BD) as disease control and 30 sex‐matched healthy controls. Plasma 25‐hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH) vit D) levels were measured with high‐performance liquid chromatography. “Deficiency” was defined as 25(OH) vit D levels below 25 nmol/l and “insufficiency” as below 50 nmol/l.ResultsPlasma 25(OH) vit D levels were significantly lower in TAK patients (16.93 ± 10.62 nmol/l) than healthy controls (64.63 ± 21.82 nmol/l). Vitamin D level in BD patients (38.8 ± 20.9 nmol/l) is lower than healthy controls but higher than TAK patients. The frequency of vitamin D deficiency was 83.3% in patients with TAK compared to 3.3% in healthy controls. Plasma 25(OH) vit D levels were same between clinically active and inactive patients. In literature review, very few studies were found to investigate vitamin D in SVs.ConclusionWe observed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with TAK. As various immune effects of vitamin D on mononuclear cells and arterial endothelium is shown, vitamin D deficiency can be a predisposing factor for immune activation in SV. We therefore suggest monitorization and replacement of vitamin D status in all TAK and other SV patients.
Reproductive periodicity, spawning induction, and larval metamorphosis of the hemichordate acorn worm Ptychodera flava
Authors: Lin Ching‐Yi , Tung Che‐Huang , Yu Jr‐Kai , Su Yi‐Hsien 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThe indirect‐developing enteropneust acorn worm Ptychodera flava has been used as a hemichordate model system for studying the developmental evolution of deuterostome body plans and the origins of chordate characteristics. However, research progress has been hindered by the limited accessibility of its embryonic materials and metamorphosing larvae. In this study, we identified an abundant population of P. flava in Penghu, Taiwan, and examined the feasibility of using this animal for developmental studies. Through histological examination, we established that the reproductive season of this population is between September and December, with a peak breeding period in October and November. In addition, we have developed new procedures that can induce P. flava spawning at any time of the day during the breeding season, with a higher successful rate than that achieved using a previously published method. Moreover, the culturing system we developed enables rearing of P. flava larvae through various planktonic stages and eventual metamorphosis into benthic juveniles, all under laboratory conditions. We anticipate that the animal resources and new technical procedures reported here will further facilitate the use of P. flava as a model organism for evolutionary and developmental biology research. J. Exp. Zool. (Mol. Dev. Evol.) 326B:47–60, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Whole‐brain amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear overhauser enhancement (NOE) imaging in glioma patients using low‐power steady‐state pulsed chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging at 7T
Authors: Heo Hye‐Young , Jones Craig K. , Hua Jun , Yadav Nirbhay , Agarwal Shruti , Zhou Jinyuan , van Zijl Peter C.M. , Pillai Jay J. 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo explore the relationship of amide proton transfer (APT) and nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE) signal intensities with respect to different World Health Organization (WHO) brain tumor grades (II to IV) at 7T.Materials and MethodsAPT‐based and NOE‐based signals at 7T using low‐power steady‐state chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) were compared among de novo primary gliomas of different WHO grades (II to IV). The quantitative APT and NOE signals, calculated by fitting approach using extrapolated semisolid MT reference (EMR) signals, were compared with the magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) analysis, commonly used in APT‐weighted MRI.ResultsThe observed NOE signals of all glioma grades were significantly lower than normal brain tissue (P < 0.01). NOE signals significantly differed between low‐grade (II) gliomas and high‐grade (III, IV) gliomas (P < 0.05). APT signals showed no difference between the tumor regions for any glioma grades (M = 3.08%, 2.64%, and 3.10%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.81% ∼ 3.33%, 2.36% ∼ 2.91%, and 2.85% ∼ 3.36% for grade II, III, and IV, respectively), and between normal brain tissue and all glioma grades (P = 0.08, M = 4.29% and 2.94%, 95% CI = 3.57% ∼ 4.99% and 2.47% ∼ 3.41% for normal and average grade II, III, and IV), while MTRasym differed significantly between normal tissue and all glioma grades (P < 0.05).ConclusionNOE contributes substantially to APT‐weighted MRI at 7T at low RF saturation power and provides a promising biomarker for glioma grading.J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:41–50.
Vortex‐ring mixing as a measure of diastolic function of the human heart: Phantom validation and initial observations in healthy volunteers and patients with heart failure
Authors: Töger Johannes , Kanski Mikael , Arvidsson Per M. , Carlsson Marcus , Kovács Sándor J. , Borgquist Rasmus , Revstedt Johan , Söderlind Gustaf , Arheden Håkan , Heiberg Einar 
Published: December 2015

PurposeTo present and validate a new method for 4D flow quantification of vortex‐ring mixing during early, rapid filling of the left ventricle (LV) as a potential index of diastolic dysfunction and heart failure.Materials and Methods4D flow mixing measurements were validated using planar laser‐induced fluorescence (PLIF) in a phantom setup. Controls (n = 23) and heart failure patients (n = 23) were studied using 4D flow at 1.5T (26 subjects) or 3T (20 subjects) to determine vortex volume (VV) and inflowing volume (VVinflow). The volume mixed into the vortex‐ring was quantified as VVmix‐in = VV–VVinflow. The mixing ratio was defined as MXR = VVmix‐in/VV. Furthermore, we quantified the fraction of the end‐systolic volume (ESV) mixed into the vortex‐ring (VVmix‐in/ESV) and the fraction of the LV volume at diastasis (DV) occupied by the vortex‐ring (VV/DV).ResultsPLIF validation of MXR showed fair agreement (R2 = 0.45, mean ± SD 1 ± 6%). MXR was higher in patients compared to controls (28 ± 11% vs. 16 ± 10%, P < 0.001), while VVmix‐in/ESV and VV/DV were lower in patients (10 ± 6% vs. 18 ± 12%, P < 0.01 and 25 ± 8% vs. 50 ± 6%, P < 0.0001).ConclusionVortex‐ring mixing can be quantified using 4D flow. The differences in mixing parameters observed between controls and patients motivate further investigation as indices of diastolic dysfunction. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;43:1386–1397.
Late Holocene fluctuations of Quelccaya Ice Cap, Peru, registered by nearby lake sediments
Authors: Stroup Justin S. , Kelly Meredith A. , Lowell Thomas V. , Smith Colby A. , Beal Samuel A. , Landis Joshua D. , Tapia Pedro M. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTRecords of clastic sediment from lakes that receive glacial meltwater provide a means for inferring past glacial fluctuations. However, increased clastic sedimentation has been interpreted to indicate both glacial advance and recession. Here we examine the timing of clastic sediment deposition in Challpacocha, a glacially fed lake located downvalley from Quelccaya Ice Cap (QIC), Peru, in comparison with known ice cap margin fluctuations. Using a comparison with a nearby non‐glacial lake, Yanacocha, we document that a record of clastic sediment flux from Challpacocha reflects meltwater‐derived sediment. We then compare the clastic sediment record from Challpacocha with the Qori Kalis glacier moraine record. We find that organic‐rich sediment was deposited primarily during the late Holocene advance of QIC (before ∼CE 1490). In contrast, clastic sediment was deposited during QIC recession (∼CE 1490–1970). Peaks in clastic sediment flux are associated with the onset of ice retreat. We suggest that this pattern of clastic sediment deposition reflects changing meltwater production and/or glacial erosion during ice advance and retreat and supports models of increased clastic sedimentation during ice retreat.
Cosmogenic dating of Late Pleistocene glaciation, southern tropical Andes, Peru
Authors: Shakun Jeremy D. , Clark Peter U. , Marcott Shaun A. , Brook Edward J. , Lifton Nathaniel A. , Caffee Marc , Shakun William R. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTWe present 30 10Be dates on three moraines formed by small glaciers in the southern tropical Andes of Peru to determine the timing of the local Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and subsequent deglaciation. Two terminal moraines indicate that the local LGM ended at 23.5 ± 0.5 and 21.2 ± 0.8 ka, or well before the end of the global LGM (20–19 ka). A recessional moraine perched at the base of a steep valley wall has a 10Be age of 19.8 ± 0.3 ka, suggesting that glaciers had largely retreated from the area during the earliest stages of the last termination and before the onset of the deglacial CO2 rise and increase in tropical sea surface temperatures. These ages generally agree with other tropical glacial chronologies and reflect a broad synchroneity between low‐ and high‐latitude deglaciation at the LGM, but the trigger for early deglaciation of the tropics remains unclear.
Comprehensive multiplatform biomarker analysis of 350 hepatocellular carcinomas identifies potential novel therapeutic options
Authors: Ang Celina , Miura John T. , Gamblin T. Clark , He Ruth , Xiu Joanne , Millis Sherri Z. , Gatalica Zoran , Reddy Sandeep K. , Yee Nelson S. , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. 
Published: December 2015

Background and ObjectivesEffective therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are limited. Molecular profiling of HCC was performed to identify novel therapeutic targets.Methods350 HCC samples were evaluated using a multiplatform profiling service (Caris Life Sciences, Phoenix, AZ), including gene sequencing, amplification, and protein expression.ResultsEGFR, TOPO1, PD‐1, TOP2A, SPARC, and c‐Met were overexpressed in 25–83% of samples. Decreased expression of RRM1,TS, PTEN, and MGMT occurred in 31–82% of samples. TP53 was mutated in 30%, CTNNB1 in 20%, and BRCA2 in 18%; other gene mutation rates were <5%. TP53‐mutated tumors showed significantly higher TOPO2A (90% vs. 38%, P < 0.0001) and TS (56% vs. 29%, P = 0.0139) expression. CTNNB1‐mutated tumors had significantly higher AR (56% vs. 21%, P = 0.0017), SPARC (61% vs. 29%, P = 0.0135), PDL1 (29% vs. 0%, P = 0.0256) expression, and BRCA2 mutations (50% vs. 6%, P = 0.0458). Metastases exhibited significantly higher infiltration by PD‐1+ lymphocytes (79% vs. 50%, P = 0.047) and TS (31% vs. 14%, P < 0.0003) than primary HCC.ConclusionsMultiplatform profiling reveals molecular heterogeneity in HCC and identifies potential therapies including tyrosine kinase, PI3 kinase, or PARP inhibitors for molecular subtypes. Chemotherapy may benefit some tumors. CTNNB1‐mutated tumors may respond to multi‐target inhibition. These limited and preliminary data require clinical validation. J. Surg. Oncol. 2016;113:55–61. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Low intensity 635 nm diode laser irradiation inhibits fibroblast–myofibroblast transition reducing TRPC1 channel expression/activity: New perspectives for tissue fibrosis treatment
Authors: Sassoli Chiara , Chellini Flaminia , Squecco Roberta , Tani Alessia , Idrizaj Eglantina , Nosi Daniele , Giannelli Marco , Zecchi‐Orlandini Sandra 
Published: December 2015

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVELow‐level laser therapy (LLLT) or photobiomodulation therapy is emerging as a promising new therapeutic option for fibrosis in different damaged and/or diseased organs. However, the anti‐fibrotic potential of this treatment needs to be elucidated and the cellular and molecular targets of the laser clarified. Here, we investigated the effects of a low intensity 635 ± 5 nm diode laser irradiation on fibroblast–myofibroblast transition, a key event in the onset of fibrosis, and elucidated some of the underlying molecular mechanisms.MATERIALS AND METHODSNIH/3T3 fibroblasts were cultured in a low serum medium in the presence of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and irradiated with a 635 ± 5 nm diode laser (continuous wave, 89 mW, 0.3 J/cm2). Fibroblast–myofibroblast differentiation was assayed by morphological, biochemical, and electrophysiological approaches. Expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2 and MMP‐9 and of Tissue inhibitor of MMPs, namely TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2, after laser exposure was also evaluated by confocal immunofluorescence analyses. Moreover, the effect of the diode laser on transient receptor potential canonical channel (TRPC) 1/stretch‐activated channel (SAC) expression and activity and on TGF‐β1/Smad3 signaling was investigated.RESULTSDiode laser treatment inhibited TGF‐β1‐induced fibroblast–myofibroblast transition as judged by reduction of stress fibers formation, α‐smooth muscle actin (sma) and type‐1 collagen expression and by changes in electrophysiological properties such as resting membrane potential, cell capacitance and inwardly rectifying K+ currents. In addition, the irradiation up‐regulated the expression of MMP‐2 and MMP‐9 and downregulated that of TIMP‐1 and TIMP‐2 in TGF‐β1‐treated cells. This laser effect was shown to involve TRPC1/SAC channel functionality. Finally, diode laser stimulation and TRPC1 functionality negatively affected fibroblast–myofibroblast transition by interfering with TGF‐β1 signaling, namely reducing the expression of Smad3, the TGF‐β1 downstream signaling molecule.CONCLUSIONLow intensity irradiation with 635 ± 5 nm diode laser inhibited TGF‐β1/Smad3‐mediated fibroblast–myofibroblast transition and this effect involved the modulation of TRPC1 ion channels. These data contribute to support the potential anti‐fibrotic effect of LLLT and may offer further informations for considering this therapy as a promising therapeutic tool for the treatment of tissue fibrosis. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:318–332, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Short‐term microbiological effects of photodynamic therapy in non‐surgical periodontal treatment of residual pockets: A split‐mouth RCT
Authors: Corrêa Mônica Grazieli , Oliveira Deborah Haydee , Saraceni Cintia Helena Coury , Ribeiro Fernanda Vieira , Pimentel Suzana Peres , Cirano Fabiano Ribeiro , Casarin Renato Corrêa Viana 
Published: December 2015

Background and ObjectivePhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has been used as a therapeutic alternative to treat periodontitis, especially in challenging sites that require additional periodontal therapy such as residual pockets. The aim of this split‐mouth randomized trial was to evaluate the microbiological and clinical effects of PDT on non‐surgical treatment of unresponsive pockets.Study Design/Materials and MethodsA split‐mouth, randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 15 patients presenting at least two residual pockets (probing pocket depth [PPD] ≥5 mm with bleeding on probing [BoP]) in single‐rooted teeth in supportive periodontal therapy. The selected sites randomly received: (1) SRP + PDT: scaling and root planing combined with photodynamic therapy (methylene blue as a photosensitizer), or (2) SRP: scaling and root planing alone. The concentrations of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were evaluated using a Real‐time PCR technique at baseline and 3, 7, 14, and 90 days. Clinical parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 months post‐therapies.ResultsBoth treatments promoted clinical improvements, with additional benefits to the SRP + PDT group in PPD reduction and clinical attachment level gain (P < 0.05) after 3 months. Only the SRP + PDT group exhibited a statistically significant reduction in the levels of A. actinomycetemcomitans on the 3rd and 7th days after therapy (P < 0.05), and a lower concentration of this pathogen was detected at 7 days in the SRP + PDT group when compared to the other therapy (P < 0.05).ConclusionThe combined therapeutic approach SRP + PDT may reduce A. actinomycetemcomitans levels for a short‐term period, associated with additional improvement in clinical parameters in treating residual pockets. Lasers Surg. Med. 48:944–950, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The Effects of Psychobiological Motivational Traits on Memory of In‐Game Advertising Messages
Authors: Sparks Johnny V. , Chung Sungwon 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTThis study examined the influence of psychobiological motivational traits related to individual approach and avoidance tendencies on cognitive processing of in‐game advertising. Participants played a custom‐built video game containing billboard advertisements. After playing the game, participants’ approach, positivity offset (PO), and avoidance, negativity bias (NB), traits were measured using the motivation activation measure (MAM). Recognition and recall memory were greater for high PO and low NB trait individuals. The findings of this study imply that advertising in first‐person‐shooter (FPS) video games may be most effective when targeting individuals with simultaneously high PO and low NB, risk takers, but least effective for those with low PO and high NB, risk avoiders.
Differences and Similarities between Impulse Buying and Variety Seeking: A Personality‐based Perspective
Authors: Olsen Svein Ottar , Tudoran Ana Alina , Honkanen Pirjo , Verplanken Bas 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTAlthough personality is a key determinant of consumer purchasing decision making, the role of personality traits in impulse buying and variety seeking is not conclusive. This research uses a personality perspective to determine the unique associations among impulse buying tendency (IBT), variety seeking tendency (VST), and the Big Five personality traits within one integrated framework. Based on data from a nationally representative sample of 1644 Norwegian adults, the results show that while IBT and VST might be correlated, they differ significantly with respect to two major personality aspects: “neuroticism” and “openness to experience.” Specifically, the present study indicates that neuroticism predicted IBT positively and VST negatively, while openness was a strong predictor of VST and unrelated to IBT.
When Your Source Is Smiling, Consumers May Automatically Smile with You: Investigating the Source Expressive Display Hypothesis
Authors: Kulczynski Alicia , Ilicic Jasmina , Baxter Stacey M. 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTFacial expressions act as a powerful readout device, influencing a viewer's own emotional response. Drawing from facial feedback theory, the mediating role of source expressive display‐based judgments on the influence of source facial expressions on consumer attitudes toward advertising stimuli, attitudes toward endorsed brands, and behavioral intention is examined. In addition, the examination of expressive display‐based judgments as an automatic phenomenon, contingent on the familiarity of the source and the perceived match with the product endorsed is investigated. Across three studies, the facial expression of a source (resting vs. smiling) is manipulated within endorsement contexts. Results demonstrate that when an endorser is pictured in an advertisement with a smiling facial expression, consumers report feeling more pleasant (pleasure), with this positive emotional response mediating the relationship between source expressive display and attitude toward an advertisement, attitude toward a brand, and purchase intention. Results also indicate that the emotional response derived from the presence of a smiling source in an advertisement occurs effortlessly, yet only for a familiar source and one that is perceived to match the product endorsed, indicating this process can be defined as automatic under certain conditions. The findings from these studies provide advertisers with an effective cue to enhance a consumer's emotional response to advertisements, which in turn heighten advertisement, brand, and behavioral based judgments.