bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Grammatical gender processing in L2 speakers of Spanish
Authors: Halberstadt Lauren , Valdés Kroff Jorge R. , Dussias Paola E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Recent findings indicate that native speakers (L1) use grammatical gender marking on articles to facilitate the processing of upcoming nouns (e.g., Lew-Williams & Fernald, 2007; Dussias, Valdés Kroff, Guzzardo Tamargo, & Gerfen, 2013). Conversely, adult second language (L2) learners for whom grammatical gender is absent in their first language appear to need near-native proficiency to behave like native speakers (Dussias et al., 2013; Hopp, 2013). The question addressed here is whether sensitivity to grammatical gender in L2 learners of Spanish is modulated by the cognate status of nouns due to their heightened parallel orthographic, phonological, morpho-syntactic and semantic activation. Additionally, the role of transparent and non-transparent word-final gender marking cues was examined because past studies have shown that native speakers of Spanish are sensitive to differences in gender transparency (Caffarra, Janssen, & Barber, 2014). Participants were English learners of Spanish and Spanish monolingual speakers. Data were collected using the visual world paradigm. Participants saw 2-picture visual scenes in which objects either matched in gender (same-gender trials) or mismatched (different-gender trials). Targets were embedded in the preamble Encuentra el/la ___ ‘Find the ___’. The monolingual group displayed an anticipatory effect on different gender trials, replicating past studies that show that native speakers use grammatical gender information encoded in prenominal modifiers predictively. The learners were able to use gender information on the articles to facilitate processing, but only when the nouns had gender endings that were transparent. Cognate status did not confer an advantage during grammatical gender processing.
Suprasegmental information cues morphological anticipation during L1/L2 lexical access
Authors: Sagarra Nuria , Casillas Joseph V. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We use visual-world eye-tracking and gating methods to investigate whether Spanish monolinguals and English late learners of Spanish use prosodic cues (lexical stress) to anticipate morphological information (suffixes) during spoken word recognition, and if they do, whether L2 proficiency and working memory (WM) mediate their anticipatory abilities. Our findings show that the monolinguals used prosodic information to predict word endings in both tasks, regardless of first-syllable stress (stressed, unstressed) and structure (CV, CVC). In contrast, the beginning learners did not use prosodic information to anticipate word suffixes in any task or condition. Importantly, the advanced learners mirrored the monolinguals, except in words with first-syllable CV structure, but were slower than the monolinguals. Finally, WM was not associated with anticipatory eye movements, though results were inconclusive for offline processing. Taken together, the present study shows that suprasegmental information facilitates morphological anticipation during spoken word recognition, and that adult learners can gain anticipatory processing patterns qualitatively, but not quantitatively, similar to monolinguals.
Responding to direct complaints
Authors: Liu Ping , Liu Huiying 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article examines the role of metapragmatic expressions (MPEs) in constructing common ground (CG) in the call taker’s responses to customer direct complaints in telephone interactions in the framework of the socio-cognitive approach proposed and developed by Kecskes (2008,2010,2013,2017) and Kecskes and Zhang (2009,2013). Based on five extracts drawn from the data of about two hours of 15 recordings of telephone interactions that include successful complaint settlements made between customers and the customer service department of one Chinese airline, it reveals that the call taker mainly employs five types of MPEs as CG construction devices to explicitly manifest intentions of giving accounts and explanations, confirming and checking information, negotiating adequate compensations, establishing close interpersonal relationships, and aligning with the organization. This article enhances our understanding of the functioning process of metapragmatic indicators in complaint settlement in institutional telephone interactions.
Recovering alcoholic
Authors: Wittke Jonas B. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This paper examines the competing construals of the phrase recovering alcoholic, which, as a Membership Categorization Device (Sacks 1992), serves to fulfill a commitment to an identity category and at the same time evokes other category-bound activities, often with unintended consequences. Former problem drinkers are routinely referred to by themselves and others as recovering alcoholics, yet they are not ‘recovering’ in the canonical sense of the word, and they participate in a behavior – not drinking – which is a negation of the behavior that originally qualified them as alcoholics. This use of the relatively new identity marker recovering alcoholic may discourage a problem drinker from attempting sobriety, as it implies an unbounded, never-ending period of recovery, unlike recovery from other diseases (and, oddly, unlike the full recovery proffered by Alcoholics Anonymous).
Do the meanings of abstract nouns correlate with the meanings of their complementation patterns?
Authors: Vergaro Carla , Schmid Hans-Jörg 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThere is a widespread assumption in Construction Grammar (but also before and elsewhere) that the meanings of verbs correlate with or even determine their complementation forms and patterns. There is much less research on noun complementation, however, although this category is even more interesting for a number of reasons such as the potential for valency reduction, nominal topicalization constructions, and additional complementation options, e.g.of-PPs and existential constructions.In this paper we focus on the class of nouns reporting commissive illocutionary acts (promise, offer, pledge, refusal, bet, threat, etc.), and address the question of whether there is a correlation (i) between the meaning of these nouns and their preferred complementation patterns, and (ii) between their semantic similarity and their similarity in the distribution of complementation patterns.We report the results of a study of a set of 17 commissive nouns chosen from a wider collection of illocutionary nouns. Two types of analysis were carried out in order to compare the semantic and grammatical characteristics of these nouns. The semantic analysis was based on insights from speech act theory and the philosophy of language. We developed a framework for a systematic comparative description of the nouns in our word field. The results were tallied with a corpus-based grammatical analysis. Two hundred tokens of each noun type were randomly sampled from the Corpus of Contemporary American English. Using these data, the 17 nouns were subjected to an analysis of the relative frequencies of their complementation patterns.Results indicate a general match between noun meanings and complementation patterns. More specifically, however, they indicate that the closeness of this match depends on the prototypicality of nouns as members of the class of commissives.The study, then, contributes to our understanding of the relation between lexis and syntax. At the same time, it confirms the need for a close semantic analysis to account for the great extent to which item-specific information, i.e. properties of individual nouns, have to be taken into consideration at the expense of large-scale generalizations.
Gestures of the abstract
Authors: Parrill Fey , Stec Kashmiri 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Speakers perform manual gestures in the physical space nearest them, called gesture space. We used a controlled
elicitation task to explore whether speakers use gesture space in a consistent way (assign spaces to ideas and
use those spaces for those ideas) and whether they use space in a contrastive way (assign different spaces to
different ideas when using contrastive speech) when talking about abstract referents. Participants answered two questions designed
to elicit contrastive, abstract discourse. We investigated manual gesture behavior. Gesture hand, location on the horizontal axis,
and referent in corresponding speech were coded. We also coded contrast in speech. Participants’ overall tendency to use the same
hand (t(17) = 13.12, p = .001, 95% CI [.31, .43], d = 2.53) and same location
(t(17) = 7.47, p = .001, 95% CI [.27, .47], d = 1.69) when referring to an
entity was higher than expected frequency. When comparing pairs of gestures produced with contrastive speech to pairs of gestures
produced with non-contrastive speech, we found a greater tendency to produce gestures with different hands for contrastive speech:
(t(17) = 4.19, p = .001, 95% CI [.27, .82], d = 1.42). We did not find
associations between dominant side and positive concepts or between left, center, and right space and past, present, and future,
respectively, as predicted by previous studies. Taken together, our findings suggest that speakers do produce spatially consistent
and contrastive gestures for abstract as well as concrete referents. They may be using spatial resources to assist with abstract
thinking, and/or to help interlocutors with reference tracking. Our findings also highlight the complexity of predicting gesture
hand and location, which appears to be the outcome of many competing variables.
Variations in the use of metaphor at the macro-contextual level
Authors: Shie Jian-Shiung 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article investigates linguistic metaphors in four English newspapers from the perspective of Conceptual Metaphor Theory, focusing on their variations at the macro-contextual level. Analyzed in their respective macro contexts were lexicalized and non-lexicalized metaphors in 1,105 full-length news stories. The exploration reveals that: (i) the distributions of non-lexicalized metaphors are far more variable than those of lexicalized metaphors across the four newspapers, (ii) lexicalized metaphors are much more common than non-lexicalized metaphors in all the four newspapers, (iii) non-lexicalized metaphors occur more in the news stories for native speakers than in those for international or global readers, with a decreasing tendency toward those for EOL and EFL readers, and (iv) the lexicalized and non-lexicalized metaphors both have cognitive functions, while the latter serve additional stylistic purposes. The study sheds some light on the affordance between linguistic metaphors and the macro contexts of the news stories.
Leave-taking in Indonesian during short-term study abroad
Authors: Hassall Tim 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study uses multiple sources of data to examine the learning of leave-taking in Indonesian by twelve students from Australia during a sojourn of either four or seven weeks. The learners departed with very little knowledge of leave-taking routines. They rapidly learned the forms of certain routines, and used them often. However they did not learn suitable contexts for them, and also failed to learn a number of other common routines. Under influence of English, they relied excessively on statements of obligation for taking leave but also adopted one useful discourse marker. The study confirms that pragmatic routines are a site of rapid learning during study abroad, while suggesting some very common routines are hard to learn by naturalistic exposure. It confirms study abroad learners are often slow to learn to adjust forms to social context, and shows the powerful influence of L1 transfer on their pragmatic development.
Self-perceived linguistic progress, target language use and
personality development during study abroad
Authors: Arvidsson Klara , Eyckmans June , Rosiers Alexandra , Lundell Fanny Forsberg 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This exploratory study investigates the development of personality dimensions
related to multicultural effectiveness and its relation to amount of target
language use and self-perceived progress in speaking during a sojourn abroad in
seven European countries. The participants were 59 Swedish and Belgian
university students. The Multicultural Personality Questionnaire – Short
Form (van der Zee, Van Oudenhoven,
Ponterotto, & Fietzer, 2013) was administered at the beginning
and the end of the semester, and data on self-reported weekly hours of target
language use and self-perceived linguistic progress were gathered at Time 2. The
main findings are the observed moderate or near moderate correlations between
self-perceived progress in speaking and change in Cultural Empathy, and between
amount of target language use and change in Cultural Empathy and Openmindedness.
This points to the relevance of further studies on the role of target language
use and progress in the development of personality characteristics.
The modernisation of HIV and AIDS’ nomenclatures in Nigeria’s major
languages
Authors: Igboanusi Herbert , Odoje Clement , Ibrahim Garba 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Although the level of awareness of HIV has significantly improved over the past
decade following the coordinated activities of the National Agency for the
Control of AIDS (NACA), Nigeria still remains one of the most burdened countries
in the world with about 3 million people living with HIV. Increasing
enlightenment campaigns on HIV and AIDS have not been able to achieve remarkable
behaviour change as a result of the non-use of appropriate nomenclatures. Given
the low literacy rate of Nigerians in English (about 61% based on UNESCO
Institute for Statistics), communication strategies can only be effective when
indigenous Nigerian languages have standardised and appropriate nomenclatures
for HIV and AIDS. This study argues that the use of appropriate terms in the
local languages in referring to HIV and AIDS is capable of reducing the
stigmatisation and discrimination of people living with HIV and AIDS, and
consequently reduce the spread of HIV through behaviour change. Accordingly, the
study embarks on the lexical modernisation of HIV and AIDS nomenclatures in
Nigeria’s three major languages (i.e. Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba) in line with
current developments around the world in the management of the two health
conditions.
Expressing time through space
Authors: Nilsson Anna-Lena 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study describes how temporal discourse content is expressed in signing space in Swedish Sign Language (SSL) and identifies and describes the differences between L1- and L2-interpreters’ signed target language output. The study found that L1-interpreters systematically use complex simultaneous combinations of lexical signs and various hand, arm and body movements on and along time lines. The L2-interpreters stand more still, and their use of body movements differs from that of the L1-interpreters. Though the L2-interpreters in the study often succeed in showing that two or more entities/events are separate, they are less successful in showing the more specific, temporal and/or other, relationship(s) between them. This crucial aspect of idiomatic signed language production, therefore, should be included in interpreter training to improve the quality of interpreted target language output.
Name pronunciation strategies of ASL-Spanish-English trilingual
interpreters during mock video relay service calls
Authors: Treviño Rafael , Quinto-Pozos David 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This study investigates the ways in which trilingual (American Sign Language,
English, and Spanish) interpreters pronounce names that commonly appear with
either English or Spanish phonology. Twenty trilingual interpreters interpreted
an ASL mock videophone call into English of a Deaf caller attempting to leave a
message for the Social Security Administration. Results suggest that
self-reported strategies for pronouncing Spanish-influenced names generally do
not align with observed behavior. Instead, a relationship was noted between
reported language proficiency and pronunciation; their dominant language
influenced their pronunciations. Those interpreters who report a “balanced
proficiency,” however, patterned differently. The results are contextualized
using Gile’s Sequential Model of translation and Effort Model of simultaneous
interpreting.
Renal Considerations in the Treatment of Hypertension
Authors: Palmer Biff F , Clegg Deborah J 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
There are renal implications when employing intensive blood pressure control strategies. While this approach provides cardiovascular benefit in patients with and without chronic kidney disease, the impact on renal disease progression differs according to the pattern of underlying renal injury. In the setting of proteinuria, stringent blood pressure control has generally conferred a protective effect on renal disease progression, but in the absence of proteinuria, this benefit tends to be much less impressive. Thiazide diuretics are frequently part of the regimen to achieve intensive blood pressure control. These drugs can cause hyponatremia and present with biochemical evidence mimicking the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion. Altered prostaglandin transport may explain the unique susceptibility to this complication observed in some patients. Hyperkalemia is also a complication of intensive blood pressure lowering particularly in the setting of renin–angiotensin–aldosterone blockade. There are strategies and new drugs now available that can allow use of these blockers and at the same time ensure a normal plasma potassium concentration.
Homology-based enzymatic DNA fragment assembly-based illumina sequencing library preparation
Authors: Shinozuka Hiroshi , Sudheesh Shimna , Shinozuka Maiko , Cogan Noel O I 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The current Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq platforms can generate paired-end reads of up to 2 x 250 bp and 2 x 300 bp in length, respectively. These read lengths may be substantially longer than genomic regions of interest when a DNA sequencing library is prepared through a target enrichment-based approach. A sequencing library preparation method has been developed based on the homology-based enzymatic DNA fragment assembly scheme to allow processing of multiple PCR products within a single read. Target sequences were amplified using locus-specific PCR primers with 8 bp tags, and using the tags, homology-based enzymatic DNA assembly was performed with DNA polymerase, T7 exonuclease and T4 DNA ligase. Short PCR amplicons can hence be assembled into a single molecule, along with sequencing adapters specific to the Illumina platforms. As a proof-of-concept experiment, short PCR amplicons (57–66 bp in length) derived from genomic DNA templates of field pea and containing variable nucleotide locations were assembled and sequenced on the MiSeq platform. The results were validated with other genotyping methods. When 5 PCR amplicons were assembled, 4.3 targeted sequences (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on average were successfully identified within each read. The utility of this for sequencing of short fragments has consequently been demonstrated.
Prospective and Multicenter Evaluation of Outcomes for Quality of Life and Activities of Daily Living for Balloon Kyphoplasty in the Treatment of Vertebral Compression Fractures: The EVOLVE Trial
Authors: Beall Douglas P , Chambers M R , Thomas Sam , Amburgy John , Webb James R , Goodman Bradly S , Datta Devin K , Easton Richard W , Linville Douglas , Talati Sanjay , Tillman John B 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Osteoporotic and neoplastic vertebral compression fractures (VCF) are common and painful, threatening quality of life and increasing risk of morbidity and mortality. Balloon kyphoplasty is a percutaneous option for treating painful cancer- and osteoporosis-related VCFs, supported by 2 randomized trials demonstrating efficacy benefits of BKP over nonsurgical care.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate 12-mo disability, quality of life, and safety outcomes specifically in a Medicare-eligible population, representing characteristic patients seen in routine clinical practice.

METHODS
A total of 354 patients with painful VCFs were enrolled at 24 US sites with 350 undergoing kyphoplasty. Four coprimary endpoints—Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) back pain, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Short Form-36 Questionnaire Physical Component Summary (SF-36v2 PCS), EuroQol-5-Domain (EQ-5D)—were evaluated for statistically significant improvement 3 mo after kyphoplasty. Data were collected at baseline, 7 d, and 1, 3, 6, and 12 mo (www.clinicaltrials.gov registration NCT01871519).

RESULTS
At the 3-mo primary endpoint, NRS improved from 8.7 to 2.7 and ODI improved from 63.4 to 27.1; SF-36 PCS was 24.2 at baseline improving to 36.6, and EQ-5D improved from 0.383 to 0.746 (P < .001 for each). These outcomes were statistically significant at every follow-up time point. Five device-/procedure-related adverse events, intraoperative asymptomatic balloon rupture, rib pain, and aspiration pneumonia, and a new VCF 25 d postprocedure, and myocardial infarction 105 d postprocedure were reported and each resolved with proper treatment.

CONCLUSION
This large, prospective, clinical study demonstrates that kyphoplasty is a safe, effective, and durable procedure for treating patients with painful VCF due to osteoporosis or cancer.
Unexpected corporate outcomes from hedge fund activism in Japan
Authors: Buchanan John , Chai Dominic H , Deakin Simon 
Published: January 2018

AbstractHedge fund activism has been identified in the USA as a driver of enduring corporate governance change and market perception. We investigate this claim in an empirical study to see whether activism produced similar results in Japan in four representative areas: management effectiveness, managerial decisions, labour management and market perception. Experience from the USA would predict positive changes at Japanese target companies in these four areas. However, analysis of financial data shows that no enduring changes were apparent in the first three areas, and that market perception was consistently unfavourable. Our findings demonstrate that the same pressures need not produce the same results in different markets. Moreover, while the effects of the global financial crisis should not be ignored, we conclude that the country-level differences in corporate governance identified in the varieties of capitalism literature are robust, at least in the short term.