bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low‐carbohydrate diets in East Asians with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Hironaka Junya , Hamaguchi Masahide , Ichikawa Takahiro , Nakajima Hanako , Okamura Takuro , Majima Saori , Senmaru Takafumi , Okada Hiroshi , Ushigome Emi , Nakanishi Naoko , Joo Erina , Shide Kenichiro , Fukui Michiaki 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsDespite the reported success of low‐carbohydrate diets in improving glycemic control in the Western countries, no studies have investigated the effects of such diets in Asians. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials to examine the effects of low‐carbohydrate diets on glycemic control in East Asian adults.Materials and MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases from inception to June 28, 2023, to identify randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy of low‐carbohydrate diets in patients with type 2 diabetes (PROSPERO number CRD 42023453007). The primary outcome was the difference in glycated hemoglobin levels between the low‐carbohydrate diet and control groups. The secondary outcome was the difference in body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, blood pressure, and lipid profile.ResultsSix randomized controlled trials met the eligibility criteria. The study duration ranged from 3 to 18 months, with five studies conducted within 6 months. The results showed that low‐carbohydrate diets were more beneficial in lowering glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index than control diets. The risk of bias for the six studies was minimal for two and moderate for four. The heterogeneity among the studies was low.ConclusionsLow‐carbohydrate diets improved glycated hemoglobin levels and body mass index in East Asians compared with control diets. Therefore, carbohydrate restriction may be effective for glycemic management in East Asians with type 2 diabetes for at least 6 months.
Bee Diversity and Abundance During Peach Bloom in South Carolina, United States
Authors: Tayal Mandeep , Wilson Christopher , de la Plata Zoe Marquez , Cieniewicz Elizabeth 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPeach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) is an important speciality fruit crop in the United States. Peach is self‐compatible, but bee pollination enhances fruit sets and diverse populations improve pollination efficiency. However, the bee diversity and abundance in peach orchards in South Carolina are unknown. To understand this, we sampled bees during peach tree bloom at two locations in South Carolina—the Clemson University Musser Fruit Research Center (MFRC) and a peach farm in Ridge Spring, South Carolina. Overall, a total of 651 bees were collected from peach orchards, of which Bombus (37%) and Apis (32%) were the most dominant genera, followed by Eucera (14%), Andrena (8%) and Habropoda (5%). Diversity indices indicate higher species richness and diversity at the Ridge Spring farm than at MFRC. Dominant species at the MFRC were Apis mellifera (36.77%), Bombus bimaculatus (29.1%), B. griseocolis (12%) and Eucera hamata (8%). In contrast, the Ridge Spring farm was dominated by A. mellifera (24.17%), Habropoda laboriosa (12%), Andrena barbara (12%), E. atriventris (11.72%) and B. bimaculatus (11.35%). In comparing the effectiveness of sampling methods, blue vane traps (BVTs) captured more bees than aerial sweep netting. Furthermore, BVTs predominantly captured larger‐sized bees, while smaller‐sized bees were more frequently collected using sweep netting. Throughout peach bloom, differences in bee abundance were observed over time as well. Our study sheds light on the bee diversity and abundance in South Carolina peach orchards, revealing variations between locations. This knowledge of bee diversity and abundance will provide baseline information on bee communities in peach orchards and will help develop suitable pollinator conservation programs.
‘Let's Go to the Land Instead’: Indigenous Perspectives on Biodiversity and the Possibilities of Regenerative Capital
Authors: Arjaliès Diane‐Laure , Banerjee Subhabrata Bobby 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe land has been a source of capital accumulation since colonization through extractive activities like mining and industrial agriculture. Indigenous peoples have profoundly different relationships with the land, which are more relational than extractive. However, their knowledge has been subjugated by and systematically excluded from Western conservation policies, which are based on colonial modes of control. We begin to address this issue by elaborating on a community‐based participatory project, namely a Conservation Impact Bond (CIB), developed in Canada with Deshkan Ziibiing. This CIB was unique since it combined Indigenous and Western knowledges and aimed at restoring ecosystems by building relationships of kinship between peoples and the land. Based on our findings, we propose a Two‐Eyed Seeing relationship‐building process model – a multi‐stakeholder initiative (MSI) incorporating Indigenous and Western knowledges. We discuss the implications of our findings for mobilizing capital to serve collective rather than private interests while promoting Indigenous resurgence and land regeneration. We suggest shifting from extractive to regenerative capital is necessary to address the climate and biodiversity loss crises. This transformation could be achieved by embracing a relational ontology through Two‐Eyed Seeing.
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Liver Enzyme Elevation After Hepatitis C Virologic Cure
Authors: Zhang Helen L. , Nemeth Hayley , Woodhouse E. Wilbur , Davenport Clemontina A. , Chan Cliburn , Okeke Nwora Lance , Naggie Susanna 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTA subset of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection demonstrate liver enzyme elevation (LEE) after achieving sustained virologic response (SVR). Risk factors for LEE are not well characterised. We conducted a single‐centre retrospective cohort study of adults with HCV infection in the Duke University Health System who received direct‐acting antiviral therapy and achieved SVR. We performed multivariable logistic regression to assess the relationship between potential risk factors and LEE. We used generalised linear mixed‐effects models to explore longitudinal relationships between HIV and LEE. Among 1356 patients, 556 (41.0%) had LEE after achieving SVR. Higher pretreatment alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.08 per 10 IU/L increase; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05–1.11) and pretreatment cirrhosis (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.60–3.21) were associated with higher odds of LEE; male sex was associated with lower odds of LEE (aOR 0.28, 95% CI 0.21–0.38). There was insufficient evidence of an association between HIV and LEE (aOR 0.83, 95% CI 0.47–1.44). Pretreatment ALT, cirrhosis and female sex predicted LEE in this cohort of patients with HCV infection who achieved SVR. These findings can help to identify patients at greatest risk of post‐SVR liver injury.
Impact of foreign remittances, disaggregated energy use, on environmental pollution in the top recipient countries for remittances
Authors: Rahaman Sk Habibur , Islam Md. Saiful 
Published: October 2024

AbstractForeign remittance has become an essential source of wealth in recent decades, with far‐reaching effects on various economic indices and CO2 emissions. This research examines the impact of remittances and disaggregated energy consumption on CO2 emissions in an ‘Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)’ framework utilising a global sample of 46 top remittance‐receiving countries during 1996–2020. The study confirms the EKC proposition and demonstrates that a decline in CO2 emissions is connected to remittance, renewable energy use and financial development. Additionally, our results stand up to various robustness tests, ensuring the reliability of our findings. Our research suggests that to reduce the adverse effects of non‐renewable energy on environmental quality, governments, regulators and other stakeholders should implement rigorous market regulations and allocate substantial financial resources to R&D for innovating environmentally friendly production technologies. The government may also provide incentives for importing environmentally friendly production tech, such as tax rebates and subsidies. Lastly, foreign remittance and renewable energy are two tools governments may employ to cut CO2 emissions and improve environmental quality.
Calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour with an atypical clinical presentation in a paediatric patient: A case report and literature review
Authors: Pereira Kelly dos Anjos Melo , Marlière Daniel Amaral Alves , Medeiros Yuri de Lima , de Oliveira Bruno Romano , Pires Fabio Ramôa 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimWe report a rare case of a calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour with atypical clinical presentation in an adolescent and present a literature review of this tumour in paediatric patients.Materials and MethodsA 12‐year‐old female patient presented with a painless swelling of the left mandible, with a history of 6 months. Clinical examination revealed a sessile mass with a reddish‐pink colour and firm consistency. Tomographic images showed a hypodense, unilocular lesion involving unerupted tooth #34, with a hyperdense focus in contact with the tooth crown disrupting the buccal cortex.ResultsEnucleation, curettage and peripheral osteotomy of the lesion were performed, and the impacted tooth was removed, followed by the application of autologous leucocyte and platelet‐rich fibrin matrices to the region. The patient evolved favourably with good clinical healing and evidence of new bone formation.ConclusionsDespite its aggressive potential, the conservative approach for CEOT in paediatric patients proved to be effective. Our review found reports of recurrence up to 13 years after surgery. Therefore, long‐term clinical and radiographical follow‐up is indicated.
Assessment of the trapezoidal miniplate with posterior extension for open management of condylar fractures: Can it be used instead of straight miniplates?
Authors: Brito Gabriel Conceição , de Assis Adriano Freitas , de Moraes Márcio 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveThis study comparatively measures and evaluates the strength of five plating techniques for mandibular condylar fracture fixation when linear loading is applied.Materials and MethodsThe investigators designed and implemented a cross‐sectional in vitro study. The sample was composed of 60 polyurethane mandibles for the mechanical tests. For the photoelastic test, 10 photoelastic mandibles were used. The predictor variable is the plating technique, and it was categorized as groups G2P‐2.0: two 4‐hole 2.0 mm straight plates, G1TP‐2.0: 4‐hole 2.0 mm trapezoidal plate; G1TPPE‐2.0: 4‐hole 2.0 mm trapezoidal plate with posterior extension; G1TP‐1.5: 4‐hole 1.5 mm trapezoidal plate and G1TPPE‐1.5: 4‐hole 1.5 mm trapezoidal plate with posterior extension. The outcome variable is the strength of the plating techniques that was evaluated with the loading test: peak/ending load and peak/ending displacement measures collected. The photoelastic test was used to detect tension distribution throughout the structure helping to understand the material's behaviour. Values of the loading test were analysed using SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC, EUA). A p <0.5 (p = 0.05) was considered significant and means were compared using the Tukey test.ResultsThe results indicated that the fixation with two plates presented a higher resistance in the anteroposterior direction and fixation with a trapezoidal plate with posterior extension is more resistant towards mediolateral. The photoelastic analysis showed that the strain lines were best distributed when trapezoidal plates were used.ConclusionAccording to the results, the posterior extension of the trapezoidal plates increased the strength of the fixation system, and the use of trapezoidal plates with or without posterior extension was favourable to a more balanced stress distribution. However, clinical studies must be done to confirm the biomechanical findings.
A Novel MsEOBI‐MsPAL1 Module Enhances Salinity Stress Tolerance, Floral Scent Emission and Seed Yield in Alfalfa
Authors: Song Yuguang , Tang Haoyan , Zhang Zhaoran , Sun Xueying , Ding Xinru , Guo Xinying , Wang Qi , Chen Jifeng , Dong Wei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAlfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated forage legume, yet its yield is constrained by salinity stress. In this study, we characterized an R2R3‐MYB transcription factor MsEOBI in alfalfa. Its salt tolerance function and regulatory pathways were investigated. The nuclear‐localized MsEOBI functions as a transcriptional activator, enhancing salinity tolerance by promoting the biosynthesis of flavonoids and lignin, as well as facilitating the scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, MsEOBI promotes pollinator attraction and increases seed yield by activating the biosynthesis of volatile phenylpropanoids. Yeast one‐hybrid (Y1H), dual‐luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with quantitative PCR (ChIP‐qPCR) assays demonstrated that MsEOBI directly binds to the promoter regions of MsPAL1, a key gene in the phenylpropanoid pathway, thereby activating its expression. Overexpression of MsPAL1 enhances salinity tolerance in alfalfa. These findings elucidate the role of the MsEOBI‐MsPAL1 regulatory module and provide valuable genetic resources for the future breeding of salt‐tolerant alfalfa varieties.
Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy of Positive Mental Health Program for Adults: Study Protocol
Authors: Teixeira Sónia Manuela Almeida , Ferré‐Grau Carme , da Cruz Sequeira Carlos Alberto , Santos José Manuel , Guerra Maria Manuela , Lluch Maria Teresa 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimTo evaluate the effectiveness of a positive mental health program for adults (PMHP) in the community.BackgroundPositive mental health (PMH) can be seen as a construct represented by six factors (personal satisfaction, prosocial attitude, self‐control, autonomy, problem resolution, and self‐actualization, and interpersonal relationship skills) according to the Multifactorial Model for PMH. Although there are several interventions in promoting mental health, research on effective promotion of PMH for adults in the community with structured and validated programs of PMH is scarce.MethodsThis study protocol describes a randomized controlled trial (RCT) following a wait‐list control design, aimed at evaluating the effectiveness of a PMHP in the community. This study was approved in June 2019 by the Ethics Committee. Participants will be recruited from the school community of teachers. Participants aged ≥ 18 years. The participants will be randomized 1:1 to either (a) an intervention group, which will integrate the PMHP, or (b) the standby control group. Three assessment moments for both groups will take place initial, after the intervention, and a follow‐up of 3–6 months. The evaluation instruments will include a sociodemographic questionnaire, a PMH questionnaire, and a psychological vulnerability scale.ConclusionThe current study provides an innovative approach to PMH. Further, the study may demonstrate new interventions in PMH in the community, based on a program with systematized guidelines and sessions structured according to individual needs. It is expected that at the end of the program, the experimental group will increase the level of PMH.Relevance to clinical practiceTo allow future official implementation of the PMH program and the replication of the study in other professional groups as a promotion tool.No patient or public contributionThere was no funding to remunerate a participant for this study.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04600401. Registered on May 15, 2020
Hello darkness my old friend: How policy learning can contribute to value destruction
Authors: Zaki Bishoy L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFor decades, policy learning has been often viewed as a force for the common good, a process that aims at creating value for the public through problem‐solving. While learning can indeed contribute to value creation, darkness also lurks therein, where learning can also contribute to value destruction. Yet, the dark side of policy learning remains under‐explored and under‐theorized, particularly going beyond meso‐level policy and organizational failures or “mishaps.” This article draws on policy learning and value theories to conceptualize two types of policy learning failures and plot how they can contribute to the destruction of value in the public sphere: misdirected learning design failures (non‐deliberate and cybernetic) and normative failures (intentional and deontological). This is done while addressing the two key facets of value in the public sphere; public values, being the guiding principles of policymaking and governance, as well as public value, being the worth of public services delivered to the citizenry. In doing so, this contributes to the literature by addressing calls for exploring the dark side of learning, expanding our understanding of learning outcomes beyond organizational and policy level implications, and developing novel fundamental understandings of value destruction mechanisms.
Validation of the Polish version of an Ageism Scale for Dental Students (ASDS‐PL)
Authors: Hajto‐Bryk Justyna , Barańska Ilona , Szczerbińska Katarzyna , Kossioni Anastassia , Marchini Leonardo , Bełch Monika , Zarzecka Joanna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAgeism is one of the common forms of discrimination and prejudice. It has also been shown to be present in health professionals, including doctors, nurses, and medical students.AimsThe aim of this study was to translate the Ageism Scale For Dental Students (ASDS) into Polish, perform a culture adaptation, and conduct a preliminary validation analysis.MethodsThe survey was administered to 202 third‐, fourth‐, and fifth‐year students at the Jagiellonian University (No. 1072.6120.283.2020). Data were analyzed using principal components analysis (PCA) with an oblique, Promax rotation, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Cronbach's alpha (α) was calculated to check the internal consistency reliability. Discriminant validity was analyzed using the Mann–Whitney and Kruskal–Wallis test.ResultsPCA produced a 10‐item scale distributed into three factors, which explains 59.52% of the total variance. Factor 1 (“preconceived notions about dental treatment”) contained four items (α = 0.703), Factor 2 (“cost‐benefit of providing care for older patients”)—four items (α = 0.660) and Factor 3 (“dentist‐older patient interaction”)—two items (α = 0.662). CFA confirmed that the model is a good fit (RMSE = 0.058, 90% CI from 0.014 to 0.092, CFI = 0.950, and TLI = 0.926). The discriminant validity showed statistically significant differences in factors or individual items related to the year of the study, gender, and having a history of living with an older person(s) or an older patient(s) treated.ConclusionThe validation of the ASDS conducted in Poland identified 10 items with sufficient validity and reliability.
Beyond coercion: Weaker states' domestic political motivations for political clauses in preferential trade agreements
Authors: Lechner Lisa , Yang Joonseok 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPolitical scientists have debated under what circumstances countries choose to integrate sovereignty‐limiting provisions into their international agreements. In contrast to the conventional wisdom that powerful countries bully weak countries into political acquiescence, weak countries can deliberately adopt such provisions as a deterrence against potential non‐democratic takeovers. Using a novel dataset on political provisions in all preferential trade agreements (PTAs) signed between 1945 and 2018, we find that the greater, the weaker countries' risk of non‐democratic takeovers, the more likely they are to adopt democracy‐promoting and rule‐of‐law provisions in their PTAs. This finding suggests that a government's desire to tie the opposition's hands can also lead it to tie its own hands. Our findings have implications for not only the scholarly and political debates on commitments in international treaties but also the growing literature on non‐trade issues in PTAs.
Campylobacter Diversity Along the Farm‐to‐Fork Continuum of Pastured Poultry Flocks in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Al Hakeem Walid G. , Oladeinde Adelumola , Li Xiang , Cho Sohyun , Kassem Issmat I. , Rothrock Michael J. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionConsumer demand for pasture raised, antibiotic‐free poultry products has led to an increase in pastured poultry operations within the United States. Given the level of environmental interaction and the potential increase in exposure to foodborne pathogens in these settings, a greater understanding of the prevalence and diversity of Campylobacter populations inherent within pastured poultry flocks is needed.MethodsTo achieve this, 40 pastured poultry flocks from nine farms were sampled using a farm‐to‐fork strategy, and Campylobacter was isolated and characterised from preharvest (faeces, soil) through postharvest (caeca, whole carcass rinse) to the final product the consumer would purchase (whole carcass rinse).ResultsCampylobacter was isolated from 872 of 1820 samples, showing an overall prevalence of 47.91%. The caeca showed the highest (p < 0.05) Campylobacter load (4.64 log10 CFU/mL) and prevalence (95.5%), while the final product whole carcass rinses had the lowest (p < 0.05) Campylobacter load (0.32 log10 CFU/mL) and prevalence (15.45%), suggesting that the Campylobacter load in the caeca may not be indicative of the Campylobacter load on the final product. Of the 872 positive samples, 337 Campylobacter isolates were selected for further characterisation. Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli comprised 74.18% (250/337) and 21.95% (74/337) of the selected isolates respectively. While the Campylobacter isolates displayed resistance to several antibiotics, the most common resistance for both C. jejuni and C. coli was against tetracycline (55.86% and 70.31% respectively). Multidrug resistance phenotypes (≥ 3 antibiotic classes) were relatively low for both C. jejuni (2.80%) and C. coli (9.45%).ConclusionsCampylobacter load, prevalence and diversity were more affected by farm location than by the type of sample from which the Campylobacter was isolated. Overall, these results indicated a need for farm‐specific Campylobacter mitigation strategies to ensure the safety of these increasingly in‐demand poultry products.
Oral oxaborole MRX-5 exhibits efficacy against pulmonary
Mycobacterium abscessus
in mouse
Authors: Rimal Binayak , Howe Ruth A. , Panthi Chandra M. , Wang Wen , Lamichhane Gyanu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Mycobacterium abscessus (Mab
) is an opportunistic pathogen common in patients with lung comorbidities and immunosuppression. There are no FDA-approved treatments, and current treatment has a failure rate exceeding 50%. The intravenous oxaborole MRX-6038 is active against
Mab
. This study evaluated MRX-5, the oral prodrug, against five
Mab
isolates in a mouse lung infection model. MRX-5 showed dose-dependent efficacy, with 15 and 45 mg/kg doses comparable to the standard of care, supporting progression to clinical trial.