bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Double-Blind Comparison of a New Combination (Halcinonide-Neomycin-Amphotericin) and Active Controls in Cutaneous Candidiasis and Steroid-Responsive Dermatoses
Authors: Abdel-Aal H , Abdel-Fattah A , Shiemy S. El , Faris Rifky , Tadros S S 
Published: January 2017

One hundred patients participated in the studies of cutaneous candidiasis and steroid-responsive dermatoses. Seventy patients with the former diagnosis were treated with either halcinonide-neomycin-amphotericin or hydrocortisone-iodochiorhydroxyquin ointment combinations on a double-blind parallel comparison basis. Similar results were obtained after both therapies. Thirty patients with symmetrical bilateral lesions of steroid-responsive dermatoses were treated with halcinonide-neomycin-amphotericin cream on the lesions on one side of the body and hydrocortisone-iodochlorhydroxyquin cream on the opposite side. A double-blind design was used in directly comparing the response to each of the two drugs. Considering the results of all dermatoses together the test combination was statistically superior to the control cream (p > 0·05). However, while numerical superiority of good responses to the halcinonide combination was recorded in psoriasis, no statistical significance could be derived due to the limited number of cases. No side-effects occurred with any drug combination used. In the opinion of the authors halcinonide-neomycin-amphotericin cream and ointment are safe and effective in the treatment of cutaneous candiasis and steroid-responsive dermatoses.
Tolamolol in the Treatment of Hypertension: An Open Evaluation Study
Authors: Harno K 
Published: January 2017

The effect of tolamolol 50-300 mg three times daily in the treatment of 30 patients with mild–severe hypertension was studied. The duration of therapy in the majority of cases was 3-6 months. There was a highly significant reduction of mean blood pressure (p < 0·001) <i>for the group as a whole. Overall, 61% of patients became normotensive or showed a reduction in severity of hypertension. In the majority of cases, this improvement occurred within the first four weeks of therapy. There was no postural hypertension. Apart from one patient with Prurigo Besnier who developed asthma, another patient who developed severe headache and a third patient who stopped treatment without giving a reason, treatment was well tolerated and there were no other serious side or toxic effects.
The Management of Essential Hypertension with Once Daily Administration of Timolol Maleate and Bendrofluazide
Authors: Deering R B , Fox A S , Ison L J 
Published: January 2017

A placebo controlled, single-blind study was performed on new patients presenting with mild to moderate essential hypertension. A once daily combined dose of timolol maleate and bendrofluazide in a 4:1 ratio was administered to each patient after a four week placebo period. The starting dose was timolol 10 mg and bendrofluazide 2·5 mg and this dose was increased in steps of timolol 10 mg and bendrofluazide 2·5 mg until blood pressure was controlled. Eleven out of twelve patients achieved normotension, the falls in diastolic and systolic blood pressure being highly significant on active treatment compared with placebo. The once daily regimen of timolol and bendrofluazide resulted in good control of blood pressure with no more side-effects than occurred on the placebo. A combination of these two drugs in one tablet would appear to be both practical and advantageous and should increase patient compliance in taking medication.
A Trial of Benorylate Tablets in the Symptomatic Relief of Osteoarthritis
Authors: Cosgrove P J 
Published: January 2017

The effectiveness of Benoral Tablets in controlling joint pain and stiffness in osteoarthritis was assessed over a two-week period in a multicentre general practice open study. In this trial it has been demonstrated that a correlation exists between pain relief and relief from stiffness for patients suffering from osteoarthritis taking Benoral Tablets over this period. It way also found that patients with initially mild to moderate pain benefited most from their treatment.
Sustained Action Tetracycline Preparation – Tetrabid-Organon Blood Level Study
Authors: Lucas C R , Mugglestone C J , Thomas D R 
Published: January 2017

A comparison of the plasma levels of tetracycline obtained whilst taking standard therapeutic doses of Tetrabid-Organon was made in twelve healthy volunteers. Two standard production batches were used in the study which was conducted under double-blind conditions. Sampling 12 hours and 8 hours after dosing showed no significant differences in plasma levels, with each batch. Even at these lowest levels satisfactory concentrations were rapidly obtained following initial administration, and were maintained when the drug was given at 12-hourly intervals. No side-effects of the drug were noted.
A General Practice Evaluation of Selexid Suspension as a Treatment for Acute Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Murison I C , Sweetenham Dileas M 
Published: January 2017

Fifty-seven general practice patients (fifty-five females and two males) with acute uncomplicated cystitis received a 5-day course of pivmecillinam suspension at a dose of 200 mg (2 sachets) three times a day. Positive bacteriological cultures were obtained from twenty-eight patients (49%) before treatment. The bacteriological cure rate was 100%. All patients experienced some relief of symptoms and thirty nine patients (68%) were completely symptom-free after treatment. Selexid suspension was generally well tolerated. Side effects were reported in only four patients (6%) and no patient had to stop treatment prematurely.
Single Oral Dose Rosoxacin in the Treatment of Gonorrhoea in Males
Authors: Limson Benjamin M , Macasaet Roberto K 
Published: January 2017

A study of the new anti-bacterial agent, rosoxacin, a quinoline derivative was made in male subjects with uncomplicated acute gonorrhoea using a single oral dose of 200 mg and a single dose of 300 mg. Of the eight patients who received a single dose of 200 mg, post-treatment urethral smears and cultures for N. gonorrhoeae were positive in all and these subjects were considered as treatment failures. In contrast, a single dose of 300 mg was highly effective as all twenty-four who received this dose were cured as judged by negative urethral smears and cultures on the 7th post-treatment day. Of the thirty-eight isolates of N. gonorrhoeae obtained in the study, fifteen (39–5%) were penicillinase-producing, indicating that rosoxacin is effective in treating penicillin-resistant gonorrhoea. Mild to moderate dizziness and/or drowsiness was experienced by four of twenty-nine patients evaluated for safety on the 300 mg single dose, giving an incidence of side-effects of 14%. The symptoms were of brief duration and were self-limiting. A single oral dose of this drug appears to be an ideal treatment for the rapid cure of acute gonorrhoea.
Rifaximin, a Rifamycin Derivative for Use in the Treatment of Intestinal Bacterial Infections in Seriously Disabled Patients
Authors: Alvisi V. , D'Ambrosi A. , Loponte A. , Pazzi P. , Greco A. , Zangirolami A. , Palazzini E. 
Published: January 2017

This study reports the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness and tolerability of rifaximin, an intestinal topical antibiotic. It was administered using a nasogastric tube in patients with severe enterocolitis and bacterial superinfections causing intestinal inflammatory diseases and portosystemic encephalopathy. The drug proved highly effective clinically and produced neither local nor systemic side-effects. E’ stata valutata l'efficacia e la tollerabilita delia rifaximina, un antibiotico ad azione topica intestinale, somministrata tramite sondino nasogastrico in pazienti affetti da gravi enterocoliti, sovrainfezioni batteriche in corso di malattie infiammatorie intestinali ed encefalopatia porto-sistemica. Oltre all'ottima efficacia clinica si segnala l'assenza di effetti collaterali, locali e sistemici, di questo farmaco.
Special Natural Cartilage Polysaccharides for the Treatment of Sun-Damaged Skin in Females
Authors: Eskelinin A , Santalahti J 
Published: January 2017

In the present double-blind investigation, the effects of a new formulation of natural cartilage polysaccharides on sun-damaged skin were studied in women aged 40 – 60 years. A group of 15 women were treated orally with 500 mg/day active substance (Vivida®) for 90 days and a second group of 15 women received 500 mg/day placebo for 90 days. Clinical examinations after 45 and 90 days' treatment showed significant improvements in skin condition in the actively treated group but not in the placebo group ( P < 0.001). In the Vivida®-treated patients, the epidermal thickness increased after 90 days from 0.11 mm to 0.29 mm, dermal thickness from 0.74 mm to 1.39 mm, skin elasticity index from 44% to 73% and the erythemal index decreased from 0.301 to 0.205. No changes were observed in the placebo group and no adverse effects were reported by either treatment group. La présente étude, réalisée en double aveugle, a évalué chez des femmes âgées de 40 à 60 ans les effets d'une nouvelle combinaison de polysaccharides du cartilage sur la peau ayant subi des lésions dues au soleil. Un groupe de 15 femmes a été traité pendant 90 jours par 500 mg par jour per os de substance active (Vivida®). Un second groupe de 15 femmes a reçu 500 mg par jour de placebo pendant 90 jours. Les examens cliniques après 45 et 90 jours de traitement ont montré des améliorations significatives de l'état de la peau dans le groupe traité par le médicament actif, mais pas dans le groupe traité par placebo ( P < 0,001). Chez les patients traités par Vivida®, l'épaisseur de l'épidermie était passée de 0,11 mm à 0,29 mm après 90 jours, celle du derme de 0,74 mm à 1,39 mm; l'indice d'élasticité de la peau était passé de 44% à 73% et l'indice d'érythème s'était abaissé de 0,301 à 0,205. Aucun changement n'a été observé dans le groupe placebo, et aucun effet secondaire n'a été noté dans les deux groupes.
Histochemical and Morphometric Evaluation of Skeletal Muscle of Cachectic Sheep
Authors: Hulland T. J. 
Published: January 2017

Skeletal muscle of sheep was examined histochemically in an attempt to define muscle fiber populations capable of distinctive biological behavior. ATPase at alkaline and acid pH, NADH-TR, and succinic dehydrogenase showed at least 12 fiber types, but only three often enough to be considered biologically important muscle fiber populations. The proportions of the three major types altered during early life, but not perceptibly during adult life. Proportions of Type I and Type II fibers were different, sometimes significantly, from breed to breed. Histochemical techniques and morphometric analyses of fiber cross-sectional area were used to study muscle fiber changes in moderate to marked cachectic atrophy. Progressive reduction of gross muscle volume was attended by complex interrelationships between the two major muscle fiber types, including alternate episodes of atrophy and hypertrophy, resulting in marked inequality of mean fiber size between the fiber types. The patterns appeared to be different but characteristic for each muscle. The usual pattern of cachectic atrophy shows atrophy resistance of Type I fibers, but here a Type II-dominant atrophy also was seen. It is concluded that the large muscle fibers often seen in advanced cachectic atrophy are those Type I fibers that are more labile in both atrophy and hypertrophy than most.
Clinical trial registration: The time has come
Authors: Chan Leighton , Heinemann Allen W 
Published: January 2017

Note from the BJOT Editor-Chief BJOT, like many major occupational therapy and rehabilitation journals, has already adopted guidelines for reporting. Since 2015, when the journal moved to SAGE for publication, BJOT has conformed to the ICMJE requirement ( International Committee of Medical Journal Editors[ICMJE], n.d. ) that clinical trials are registered in a WHO-approved public trials registry at or before the time of first patient enrolment as a condition of consideration for publication (see BJOT Submission Guidelines at bjo.sagepub.com for further information). We are reprinting this editorial to join our professional colleagues at the journals listed below in explaining why registration is so important for clinical trials. In addition to publishing clinical trials, BJOT welcomes the submission of pilot/feasibility studies for clinical trials and RCT protocols and will spotlight examples in an online e-collection. Authors considering submission of a pilot or feasibility study for a future trial are not required to register this but are encouraged to contact the journal prior to submission if unsure. This editorial is reprinted from the Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 96, 2093. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2015.09.005 by permission.
Methodological Discourse in Sociological Research and Social Representation of Deviance in the Study of Ideology
Authors: van Meter Karl M. 
Published: January 2017

Discours methodologique dans la recherche sociologique et representation sociale de la deviance dans l'etude de l'ideologie. Des recherches recentes en representation sociale et en methodologie sociologique, et en particulier l'analyse des Actions thematiques programmees (AlP) du CNRS et de la litterature scientifique sociologique en franais, demontrent que la representation sociale et Ie discours sur la methodologie jouent un role important dans la determination du produit de la recherche sociologique. Representation sociale, methodologie, analyse de discours, sociologie franaise, deviance, ideologie. Recent research in social representation and sociological methodology, and in particular the analysis of French governent sponsored sociological research projects (AlPs) and French scientific literature in sociology, show that social representation and discourse on methodology play an important role in determining the outcome of sociological research. Social representation, methodology, discourse analysis, French sociology, deviance, ideology.
Classification Descendante Hierarchique et Analvse Lexicale par Contexte - Application au Corpus des Poesies D'A. Rihbaud
Authors: Reinert par Max 
Published: January 2017

Hierarchically descending classification and lexical analysis by context: application to the corpus of A. Ri baud's poetry. Using a lexical analysis by context and a hierarchically descending classification method, the author examines the corpus of Rimbaud's poetry. Two different codings of the corpus with the use cf the same method of analysis, plus other methods also, furnish a means of judging the stability of the results obtained. Lexical analysis, Arthur Rimbaud, methodology, hierarchically descending classification analysis, coding. Employant une analyse lexicale par contexte et une methode de classification descendante hierarchique, l'auteur examine Ie corpus de la poese de Rimbaud. Deux codages differents de ce corpus et l'application de la meme methode d'analyse, plus l'utilisation d'autres methodes, permettent de juger la stabilite des resultats obtenus. Analyse lexicale, Arthur Rimbaud, methodologie, classificton descendante hierarchique, codage.
Studies on the Standardization of Cytotoxicity Tests and New Standard Reference Materials Useful for Evaluating the Safety of Biomaterials
Authors: Tsuchiya Toshie 
Published: January 2017

Standard reference materials (SRM) made of polyurethane films containing various amounts of cytotoxic compounds such as zinc diethyldithiocarbamate (ZDEC) and zinc dibutyldithiocarbamate (ZDBC) are proposed. The cytotoxicity indices of five dithiocarbamates and the SRM films .obtained by colony assay were compared with those by published standards, i.e., neutral red assay (NF S 90-702), agar diffusion assay (USP XXII), and millipore filter diffusion assay (DIN-V 13 930). Among them, colony assay using 3 cell lines of Balb 3T3, L929 and V79 was found to be most sensitive. The extraction method and direct contact method were proposed as two test methods of colony assay. In the former, culture media after incubation with test materials were used as test solution, and in the latter, cells were directly cultured on test materials. The extraction method gave a linear relationship between the cytotoxic potentials of the SRM and its concentration of ZDEC or ZDBC. The cytotoxic potentials of the SRM correlated well with the thickness of inflammatory layer in rabbit muscle implantation tests of the SRM. The direct contact method was found to be useful to detect weak cytotoxicity because of its high sensitivity. Based on these data, we propose the colony assay and the two kinds of new SRMs as Japanese standard test method for evaluating the cytotoxicity of biomaterials.
Biomedical Applications of Polyurethanes: A Review of Past Promises, Present Realities, and a Vibrant Future
Authors: Zdrahala Richard J. , Zdrahala Ivanka J. 
Published: January 2017

Polyurethanes, having extensive structure/property diversity, are one of the most bio- and blood-compatible materials known today. These materials played a major role in the development of many medical devices ranging from catheters to total artificial heart. Properties such as durability, elasticity, elastomer-like character, fatigue resistance, compliance, and acceptance or tolerance in the body during the healing, became often associated with polyurethanes. Furthermore, propensity for bulk and surface modification via hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance or by attachments of biologically active species such as anticoagulants or biorecognizable groups are possible via chemical groups typical for polyurethane structure. These modifications are designed to mediate and enhance the acceptance and healing of the device or implant. Many innovative processing technologies are used to fabricate functional devices, feeling and often behaving like natural tissue. The hydrolytically unstable polyester polyurethanes were replaced by more resistant but oxidation-sensitive polyether polyols based polyurethanes and their clones containing silicone and other modifying polymeric intermediates. Chronic in vivo instability, however, observed on prolonged implantation, became a major roadblock for many applications. Presently, utilization of more oxidation resistant polycarbonate polyols as soft segments, in combination with antioxidants such as Vitamin E, offer materials which can endure in the body for several years. The applications cover cardiovascular devices, artificial organs, tissue replacement and augmentation, performance enhancing coatings and many others. In situ polymerized, cross-linked systems could extend this biodurability even further. The future will expand this field by revisiting chemically-controlled biodegradation, in combination with a mini-version of RIM technology and minimally invasive surgical procedures, to form, in vivo, a scaffold, by delivery of reacting materials to the specific site in the body and polymerizing the mass in situ. This scaffold will provide anchor for tissue regeneration via cell attachment, proliferation, control of inflammation, and healing.
Breastfeeding Exposure, Attitudes, and Intentions of African American and Caucasian College Students
Authors: Jefferson Urmeka T. 
Published: January 2017

Background: African American mothers lag behind in breastfeeding initiation. Research is needed to gain an understanding of potential reasons for breastfeeding disparities. Research aim: This study explored breastfeeding exposure, attitudes, and intentions of African American and Caucasian college students by race and gender. Methods: Women and men (696) attending college, who were younger than 45 years and without children, were included in this study. Survey data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitude Scale. Results: Overall, students demonstrated favorable attitudes regarding breastfeeding but viewed formula feeding as more practical. Students who were Caucasian and female and experienced breastfeeding exposure demonstrated higher breastfeeding attitudes and intent. Breastfeeding exposure and attitudes contributed 32% of the variance in breastfeeding intentions. The odds of experiencing breastfeeding exposure and positive breastfeeding attitudes were approximately 3 times higher for Caucasian students than for African American students. Conclusion: External factors demonstrated a stronger association with breastfeeding intentions. The link with race and gender appears to operate through their effect on attitudes and exposure. More research is needed to identify strategies to improve breastfeeding exposure and attitudes among African Americans.
Anogenital Non-Gonococcal Neisseriae: Prevalence and Clinical Significance
Authors: McKenna J G , Fallon R J , Moyes A , Young H 
Published: January 2017

Over a 13-year period non-gonococcal neisseriae (NGN) were isolated from 114 of 88 670 patients (0.13%) screened for anogenital gonorrhoea at a Genitourinary Medicine Unit. During the same period there were approximately 9000 anogenital gonococcal infections (10%). The prevalence of NGN was 0.09% (27/31 500) in women, 0.04% (20/52 800) in heterosexual men and 1.5% (67/4370) in homosexual men: the differences in prevalence between women and heterosexual men ( P<0.01) and between heterosexual patients and homosexual men ( P< 0.001) are highly significant. Neisseria meningitidis was isolated most frequently and accounted for 85% (99/114) of the NGN. Whenever possible, N. meningitidis was serogrouped and its occurrence correlated with patient symptoms. Eleven of 18 heterosexual men who had meningococci isolated from their urethras had urethritis but co-existing chlamydial infection was excluded in only 5. None of 9 women with cervical colonization had clinical evidence of pelvic inflammation. Only one of 49 men with rectal colonization had proctitis. The management of anogenital NGN infection is discussed in relation to our findings and those of previously published studies. Within each patient group the prevalence and incidence of anogenital NGN were similar at the beginning and end of the study period indicating that levels have not been influenced by the advent of AIDS.