bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Indirect Cost Burden as an Emerging Issue of Foreign Employment in Developing Nations
Authors: Chaudhary Manoj Kumar , Dhungana Madan , Adhikari Madhav 
Published: October 2024

Background: The current migration patterns and shifts present significant challenges, including widespread human rights abuses, exploitation of migrant laborers, high indirect costs due to expensive travel, limited affordable credit options, scarce job opportunities for low-skilled workers, and inadequate domestic migration policies. This study aims to identify the additional financial burdens faced by Nepalese migrant workers in Gulf countries.
Methodology: A qualitative research design was used, with purposive sampling to select participants who had migrated to Gulf countries. In-depth interviews with 55 migrant laborers were conducted to gather data on cost burdens and employment conditions.
Findings: Results showed that the indirect cost burden increased significantly after 2015 due to extended processing periods and technical procedures. Respondents generally preferred regulations before 2015. Despite legal changes like the "Free Visa: Free Ticket" policy reducing direct expenses, intermediaries and other indirect costs have offset this reduction, increasing the financial burden on migrant workers.
Conclusion: The study provides valuable insights into Nepal's foreign employment complexities, urging more research and measures for migrant worker well-being. Findings reveal intermediaries exploiting workers by altering passport photos or obtaining counterfeit birth certificates. Additionally, 2% of surveyed workers migrated as young returnees before age 18. These insights are essential to empower recruitment agencies and improve their practices, ensuring safer, prompt, and more productive labor migration.
Novelty: This study uncovers the hidden financial burdens Nepalese migrant workers face in Gulf countries. It highlights the offsetting effect of intermediaries on legal reforms like the "Free Visa: Free Ticket" policy. It offers new insights into labor exploitation and emphasizes better regulation and worker protection.
Success Rate of Drilling and Knuckle Wire Crossing Technique in Chronic total Occlusion of the Femoro-Popliteal Artery and Predicting Factors Related to it in Real-World Data
Authors: Rookkapan Sorracha , Phothong Thanakorn , Hongsakul Keerati , Sungsiri Jitpreedee , Akkakrisee Surasit , Janjindamai Phurich , Kritpracha Boonprasit , Tantarattanapong Wittawat , Juntarapatin Pong , Worathanmanon Supong 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Crossing chronic total occlusion (CTO) in femoro-popliteal (FP) arteries is challenging. Hence, this study aimed to describe real-world data on the technical success rate of crossing FP CTO lesions, and analyze predicting factors for crossing failure. Material and Methods: This retrospective study, conducted at a single center, involved patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and FP CTOs, categorized as Rutherford categories 3-6, having undergone endovascular recanalization from 2017 to 2022. Baseline characteristics and crossing success rates were described using frequencies, percentages, means, medians, standard deviations, and interquartile ranges. Factors associated with crossing failure were analyzed through logistic regression analysis, with statistical significance set at a p-value<0.05.Results: Among the 181 patients analyzed, the majority exhibited minor tissue loss (63%) and severe disease (TASC II category D, GLASS grade 4). The predominant CTO crossing approach was based on plaque cap morphology (CTOP) classification type B (66.9%), with severe CTO calcification (PACSS type 4) in 23.8%. Median occlusion length was 16.1 cm; 85.6% successfully crossed the CTO and antegrade success was 57.5%. Factors associated with crossing failure included: CTOP types C or D, CTO at the P3-popliteal artery, severe CTO calcification, and dyslipidemia. Retrograde recanalization showed higher success rates in CTOP type D and longer occlusions.Conclusion: This study highlights the safety and effectiveness of the catheter-wire crossing technique for FP CTOs. CTOP classification, CTO location, severe calcification, and dyslipidemia predicted crossing failure. The retrograde approach works well in CTOP type D and longer CTOs, providing insights for improving success in clinical practice.
ELABORAÇÃO DE BISCOITO FUNCIONAL DO TIPO COOKIES ADICIONADO COM O RESÍDUO DA POLPA DE CAJU
Authors: XAVIER SORAYA , COSTA ANA PAULA 
Published: October 2024

O Brasil é um dos maiores produtores de caju, e sua produção está concentrada na região Nordeste. O pedúnculo de caju é um fruto rico em vitaminas, fibras e minerais, e apenas cerca de 20% é aproveitado. Seu beneficiamento gera uma grande quantidade de resíduos referentes a fração fibrosa e película, que são geralmente utilizados para ração animal, ou descartados como lixo industrial, gerando problemas ambientais. Esse resíduo pode ser facilmente inserido na alimentação humana através do seu aproveitamento para a elaboração de subprodutos, principalmente na produção de biscoitos, que geralmente utiliza a casca do trigo ou aveia como fonte de fibras. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou apresentar uma alternativa de aproveitamento e agregação de valor para o resíduo do pedúnculo de caju, com a elaboração de biscoitos tipo cookies adicionados de resíduos obtidos da produção da polpa de fruta. Para a obtenção de um projeto de fabricação em escala fabril, foi realizado um estudo das etapas do fluxograma de produção, com equipamentos necessários, cálculos para balanço de massa, tabela nutricional, análise econômica para o cálculo dos possíveis custos, determinação do preço final unitário, e sugestão de rotulagem para o produto. Foi considerado o custo zero na obtenção do resíduo do pedúnculo de caju, ao considerar um acordo feito com empresas produtoras de polpa de fruta para a retirada desse resíduo, já que seu destino seria o descarte. Os resultados demonstram uma análise satisfatória para a produção do produto sugerido, entregando ao mercado uma alternativa de biscoito tipo cookie saudável, com formulação única, composta por ingredientes com relevante teor de fibras, consciência ambiental, e preço competitivo.
Conference on the Czechoslovak-Polish Relations
Authors: Štěpánová Mariana 
Published: October 2024

On March 2, a scientific conference on Czechoslovak-Polish relations in the past and present was held in Prague at the Institute for International Politics and Economics. He gave the initiative to the conference organizers among other things, the 20th anniversary of the signing of the treaty on friendship and cooperation between the two countries. Apart from OMPE, the conferences were organized by the Institute of History of European Socialist Countries CSAV, the Silesian State of CSAVin Opava and Historically established CSAV.
The conference was attended by a council of Czechoslovak historians, an employee of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, a representative of the Polish embassy, ​​and representatives of the Czechoslovak and Polish press. University professor dr. arrived from Poland. Kazimierz Popiolek, director of the Slaskle Instytut Naukowego in Katowice, university professor dr. Wiodzimierz Markiewiez, head of the Instytut Zachodniego in Poznan, professor dr. Henryk Batowski from Krakow University, docent dr. Janusz Zarnowski, head of the department for Central and Southeastern Europe in the Historical state of the PAN in Warsaw, dr. Ryszard Markiewicz, Sefredaktor Spraw Miedzynarodowych and dr. Wiodzimierz Kowalski, scientific worker of Polsklego Instytutu Spraw Miedzynarodowych in Warsaw. The conference was devoted to the issue of complex and complex relations between Poland and CSSR and at the same time it had the opportunity to appreciate the new contracts about friendship and cooperation between PLR and CSSR.
The rapid detection of pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables using electrochemical methods
Authors: Assirbayeva Zhanar , Bakytkarim Yrysgul , Mukatayeva Zhazira , Tileuberdi Yerbol , Shadin Nurgul , Zhussupova Laila 
Published: October 2024

To meet global demand, pesticides play a very important role in the control of pests that damage agricultural products. However, overuse of pesticides threatens ecosystems and human health. In recent years, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, capillary chromatography and capillary electrophoresis have been used in the determination of pesticides. Although these methods are highly specific, highly selective and sensitive, the high value of sophisticated laboratory equipment and tools is a complex and time-consuming process. Because of this, electrochemical sensors and biosensor platforms have become good analytical methods for detecting pesticides due to a number of advantages, including ease of detection of system manufacturing processes, high sensitivity and selectivity. This article describes the methods of manufacturing portable electrochemical sensors for detecting pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables on site, that is, the achievements in recent years in the field of cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. In addition, detailed information is provided on the basic mechanism and electrochemical sensitivity of these methods. The development of electrochemical methods and real-time monitoring of smartphone technologies, as well as their integration with detection platforms, are discussed. For readers with a scientific and technological focus, this article will provide additional valuable information for understanding the creation of portable electrochemical devices, rapid detection of pesticides, the role of electrochemical sensitive methods and contributing to their further development.
Фосфогипс және Қаратау фосфоритін механохимиялық активтеу арқылы тыңайтқыштық қасиеті бар өнім алу
Authors: Балғышева Бейқұт , Боранбаева Гүлсая , Баймаханова Гульжан , Ерубай Саяжан , Манатбек Ақтоты , Сәуір Ақторғын 
Published: October 2024

Қаратау бассейнінің фосфат кен орындарын ұзақ уақыт пайдалану Р2О5 құрамындағы бай кендердің қорларының сарқылуына алып келді. Сондықтан фосфориттердің құрамын реагенттер қатысында байыту әдістерін қолданып қажетті материалдар алу өзекті мәселе болып табылады. Жұмыстың мақсаты - фосфогипс пен Қаратау фосфориті қоспасын қышқылдық тұз негізінде механохимиялық активтендіру көмегімен тыңайтқыштық қасиеті бар өнім алу. Фосфат шикізатын механикалық белсендіріп қажетті өнім алудың ғылыми және практикалық маңызы зор. Сондықтан фосфогипс пен Қаратау фосфориті және қышқылдық тұз (Na2SO4) қатысында механохимиялық активтеу арқылы тыңайтқыштық қасиеті бар өнімдер алу кезіндегі өзгеру заңдылықтарын зерттеудің маңызы зор өзекті мәселе болып табылады. Фосфогипс пен Қаратау фосфориті қоспасы қышқылдық тұзбен әртүрлі шарлар өлшемдерімен және шар мен қоспаның (фосфогипсҚаратау фосфориті-қышқылдық тұз) 10:1 массалық қатынастарында түрлендірілді. Қышқылдық тұз (NaHSO4) және Қаратау фосфориті қатысында модификацияланған фосфогипстің фазалық құрамын анықтау және алынған өнімді идентификациялау үшін физика-химиялық, химиялық, талдау әдістері, сканерлеуші электронды микроскоп (СЭМ), энергодисперсті анализ (ЭДС) қолданылды. Фосфогипс-Қаратау фосфориті-NaHSO4 (3:6:1) жүйесінен механохимиялық активтеу (МХА) арқылы алынған тыңайтқыштық қасиеті бар өнім алуда планетарлы диірменде 20 минут өңдеу оңтайлы жағдай екені анықталды: P2O5 жалпы=55%, P2O5 лим.қышқ., =44%, P2O5цит.ер.,=82%. Рентгенфазалық талдау бойынша реакция өнімі ретінде кремний диоксиді, натрий-кальций гидроксофосфатты карбонат, екі молекулалы суы бар кальций гидрофосфаты және үш молекулалы суы бар натрий-кальций сульфаты және екі молекулалы суы бар кальций гидрофосфат (CaPO3(OH)·2H2O) тыңайтқышы түзілгені көрсетілді. Энергия-дисперсиялық спектроскопиялық талдау нәтижесінде элементтік фосфордың мөлшері 4,97%, оттегінің мөлшері 46,87% екені анықталды. Яғни, қоршаған ортада алынған өнім біршама өзгерістерге ұшырайды.
Optimizing Lung Cancer Risk Prediction with Advanced Machine Learning Algorithms and Techniques
Authors: Joy Chakra Bortty  , Proshanta Kumar Bhowmik  , Syed Ali Reza  , Irin Akter Liza  , Mohammed Nazmul Islam Miah  , Muhammad Shoyaibur Rahman Chowdhury  , Md Al Amin  
Published: October 2024

Lung cancer is among the leading causes of cancer death in the U.S.A. as well as globally and causes more deaths than breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers combined. It thus presents a significant health burden globally, with an estimated new case diagnosed and death toll at 2.2 and 1.8 million annually, respectively. Given the complexity of the etiology of lung cancer, there is a real urgent need for more accurate and reliable prediction models with the capability to integrate diverse risk factors. While current modalities for screening and imaging clinical conditions are effective, they are often costly and invasive. The study's main objective was to develop and evaluate machine learning models, using integrated demographic, environmental, and lifestyle variables for predicting lung cancer risk. The source of dataset for lung cancer risk prediction was retrieved from multiple sources, particularly, Cleveland hospital records as well as public health databases in the U.S; Besides, we also used large-scale epidemiology studies such as the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) or the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. These sources provided invaluable datasets to which machine learning models were developed, as they contained very valuable information on demographic data, past medical history, lifestyle habits, and clinical symptoms. In this study, the experiment used 3 machine learning algorithms: Logistic Regression, XG-Boost, and Random Forest. Accuracy, precision, recall, as well as F1 score, are used as performance metrics. Overall, the performance of the Logistic Regression model surpassed the Random Forest and XG-Boost models. It had the highest scores in all the metrics, particularly, accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score. This is indicative that the model Logistic Regression was slightly better at balancing the true positives and false positives and false negatives. The Random Forest model exemplified an intermediate performance, positioning itself second to the Logistic Regression. A significant volume of empirical studies has established that the different machine learning techniques, such as Logistic Regression and Random Forest considerably improve the detection of lung cancer. Although logistic regression, due to its simplicity and interpretability, remains very useful, Random Forest and XG-Boost are much more capable of modeling difficult nonlinear interactions in high-dimensional data. Advanced models like these will provide far more accurate, personalized risk estimates and have the potential to be a powerful contribution to early detection and better clinical decisions regarding lung cancer.
Conciencia moral y el problema del mal en la filosofía de Hannah Arendt
Authors: Camila Sanabria María 
Published: October 2024

En presente texto abordo el tema del mal a partir de la siguiente pregunta: acorde con la filosofía arendtiana, ¿el carácter preventivo frente al mal se encontraría en el uso de la facultad de pensamiento o de juicio? La tesis que propongo es que la conciencia moral reúne las condiciones que podríamos identificar en la propuesta arendtiana sobre nuestra capacidad de prevenir la realización del mal. Divido el texto en tres momentos: en el primero, realizo una aproximación a la expresión arendtiana de banalidad del mal para mostrar su relación con la ausencia de la actividad de pensar y de juzgar. En un segundo momento, abordo la noción del dos-en-uno para mostrar, por una parte, la primacía del pensamiento y, por la otra, la presencia implícita del juicio en el carácter preventivo frente al mal que podría darse a partir de la autoconciencia. En el tercer momento, expongo la noción arendtiana de conciencia moral teniendo en cuenta sus distintas facetas para mostrar que representan el ejercicio de aquellas facultades que podrían impedirnos realizar el mal.
Pendampingan UMKM Kopi Rempah Dalam Pengembangan Produk Orientasi Ekspor
Authors: Rohmah Nova Ainur Rohmah , Wicaksono Luqman Agung 
Published: October 2024

Persaingan untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan sangat ketat sehingga membuka bisnis menjadi alternatif dalam memilih mata pencaharian. Pendampingan UMKM merupakan solusi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan pelaku UMKM dalam pengembangan produk dan pemasaran agar dapat bersaing di pasar domestik maupun mancanegara. Sebuah bisnis tentunya harus memiliki strategi branding yang kuat guna mewujudkan visi dan misi sebuah bisnis. Di tengah pertumbuhan dan perkembangan pasar yang semakin masif, tentunya hal ini berdampak pada semakin banyaknya dan berkembangnya berbagai usaha di masyarakat, termasuk usaha kopi. Semakin banyak bisnis sejenis membuat persaingan semakin ketat dan tentunya diperlukan strategi branding yang baik, salah satunya dengan cara memanfaatkan brand awareness untuk memperkuat daya tarik konsumen. Nilai strategis pendampingan ini adalah peningkatan daya saing menuju pasar sasaran ekspor melalui pendekatan pemberdayaan UMKM pada penerapan teknologi, peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi untuk mencapai pasar ekspor yang ditargetkan.
Enhancing Accuracy of Diabetic Retinopathy Detection Using a Hybrid Approach with the Fusion of Inceptionv3 and a Stacking Ensemble Learner
Authors: Taifa Intifa Aman , Islam Tania , Islam Md Aminul , Noor Md Mahbub E , Rahman Tazizur 
Published: October 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe global problem that affects millions of people worldwide and gets worse over time. If left untreated, DR can lead to blindness. Early and precise DR identification is necessary to address this developing challenge. Traditional approaches include applying machine learning or deep learning algorithms directly on the dataset or the preprocessed dataset, which has shown very good results recently. Very few focused on combining machine learning and deep learning-based algorithms. Extracting a good set of features is very crucial to getting higher performance from any machine learning-based or deep learning-based algorithm. This work presents a new method for DR detection by fusing a convolution neural network-based feature extraction method before feeding the data to a stacking ensemble learner, which uses several machine learning algorithms to make it more robust. Predictions from several classifiers, including decision trees, random forests, support vector machines, logistic regression, and others, have been used in previous studies of DR. In our work, we used these classifiers for our hybrid model. First, retinal image features are extracted using InceptionV3. Then, several fine-tuned machine learning-based classifiers have been used. Finally, all the classifier models are stacked together to create an ensemble model. Our hybrid approach showed promising performance in classifying binary (98.64%) and multi-class (94.95%) on the APTOS 2019 Blindness Detection dataset. This finding proves that our hybrid technique is more capable than the traditional approach for the early diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy and offers a great hope for better medical intervention.
Jagannath University Journal of Science, Volume 11, Number 1, June 2024, pp. 135−156
Role of English Language Proficiency Standards in Academic and Career Success in Iran
Authors: Azizi Ensiyehsadat 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine the significance of English language proficiency standards in fostering academic and career success in Iran. The development of English language proficiency is intricately linked with the needs of Iranians for achieving their academic and professional goals. Notably, there is a growing interest in learning English language in Iran, like in the other countries, since it lies in the fact that English language, as a globalized language, plays a pivotal role in both academic achievement and career advancement. The study first delves into the English language proficiency standards, which include five levels, illustrating the diverse abilities exhibited by English language learners within each language proficiency level. Second, it explores the factors which have tremendous impacts on academic and career success in learning English language, with the aim of maximizing the effectiveness of English language learning for English language learners. Furthermore, it highlights the extensive array of English training courses available in Iran, conducted in educational institutions, which contribute significantly to enhancing English language proficiency among learners and optimizing English language learners’ perspective on the English language. Finally, the outcomes of this investigation indicate that the number of interested English language learners in Iran has been increasing in recent years, as they demonstrate a profound awareness and a deeper understanding of the global significance of the English language and recognize its transformative effects on their academic and professional success, thereby opening up vast opportunities for international communication and engagement.
Pathogenetic identification in ticks and yaks from Zoige County, China
Authors: Xiang Yang , He Liang , Zhu Liangquan , Xiao Chendong , Pan Yao , Chen Tianxiang , Zheng Wei , Yuan Dongbo , Hao Lili 
Published: October 2024

Background:Ticks represent a significant vector for the transmission of infectious diseases, with the prevalence of tick-borne diseases becoming a prominent global health concern in recent decades. Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., and Piroplasma have been identified as significant pathogens with the potential to impact human and animal health. However, there is a dearth of data concerning the prevalence of these pathogens in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, China.MethodsIn this study, a total of 643 Dermacentor silvarum and 314 Haemaphysalis longicornis were identified through the application of morphological and molecular identification techniques on 957 ticks collected from yaks in Zoige County. The assessed of Anaplasma spp., Rickettsia spp., Theileria spp., and Babesia spp. was assessed in 957 ticks and 96 blood samples collected from yaks.ResultsSignificant discrepancies were observed in the positivity rates for the four pathogens among the tick species and sampling sites. The identification of different species within the four pathogens was based on the analysis of the 16S rRNA of Anaplasma spp., the ompA and ompB genes of Rickettsia spp., and the 18S rRNA of Theileria spp. and Babesia spp. The prevalence ranges of the four pathogens are 9.9-50.2%, 29.5-100%, 16.2-46.4%, and 14.5-58.4%, respectively.ConclusionIn view of the growing zoonotic risks, further investigations into the prevalence of additional pathogens in ticks and animals, including livestock, in the eastern Tibetan Plateau, China, are essential.