bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Calls for Boycott of Israel and Support for BDS
Authors: Troschke Hagen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBoycott efforts against Israel as part of the political conflict between Arabs and Jews in the region have a long history. Boycotts were organised at the Fifth Palestine Arab Congress, during the Arab Revolt in Palestine, at the World Islamic Congress, the Bloudan Conference and by the Arab League. The Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement was founded in 2005 with the stated goals of achieving an end to the occupation and colonisation of all Arab lands and a right of return for the Palestinian refugees of 1948 and their descendants, as well as mobilising international support for this. While these demands ostensibly relate to human rights, they pursue a further agenda. At first, this agenda is based on a strategic ambiguity that leaves open what is meant by all Arab lands. Those who can rally behind this demand include both supporters who advocate an end to the occupation and settlements in the West Bank, and those in the BDS movement who propagate the dissolution of Israel as a state—including the militant groups who share the BDS founding call and seek a violent end to Israel in favour of a Palestinian state on that territory.
Plenoptic Reconstruction
Authors: Fang Lu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEmpowered by advanced plenoptic sensing systems, light-field imaging becomes one of the most extensively used methods for capturing 3D views of a scene. In contrast to the traditional input to a 3D graphics system, namely, scenes consisting of pre-defined geometric primitives with different materials and sets of lights, the input to a light field is only a set of 2D images which are informative and cost effective. Unfortunately, due to the limited sensor resolution, existing systems must balance the spatial and angular resolution, i.e., one can obtain dense sampling images in the spatial dimension but only sparse sampling images in the angular (viewing angle) dimension or vice versa.
Improving Dam Safety Using Optical Fiber Seismic Sensing
Authors: Martelli Cicero , Chen Xinjian , da Silva Jean Carlos Cardozo , Dreyer Uilian José , Bazzo João Paulo , Pipa Daniel Rodrigues , Teixeira Sidnei Helder Cardoso , Macioski Gustavo , de Barros Alessandra , Bongiolo Silva , Brusamarello Beatriz , Kulik Larissa Wierzynski , Brunetto Gilson Antônio , Melegari Luis Fernando Pedrozo , Zhang Huiyi , de Oliveira Alexandre Frescki , Bernardy Marcelo Henrique 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper presents seismic measurements at a large hydroelectric power plant dam in the south of Brazil. The seismic measurements were realized using optical fibre distributed sensor system technology and aim at diagnosing possible structural problems inside of the dam. Studies carried out at a laboratory scale dam using geophones as well as optical fiber sensors are also presented. Results are very promising and indicate the potential of the technology using both active and passive seismic techniques to solve major monitoring problems that cannot be addressed by today’s technology.
Assessing the Impact of Dongzhuang Water Conservancy Hub on Vegetation Ecological Distribution Based on Numerical Simulation and Machine Learning
Authors: Ge Mengyan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe current assessment of the ecological benefit of reservoirs commonly lacks quantitative calculation of actual ecological distribution. The spatial distribution prediction of vegetation growth generally requires the concurrent application of multiple numerical models, which are complicated and involve numerous parameters. This research comprehensively utilized a surface hydrodynamics numerical model and machine learning method to construct a flow-based vegetation growth prediction model. The ecological impact during the storage period and regulation period after the completion of the Dongzhuang Water Conservancy Hub was calculated and analyzed. The results indicate that the regulation period after the construction of the reservoir has a minor impact on vegetation growth in comparison to pre-construction flow conditions in the normal flow years. The limited extent and magnitude of regional NDVI decline induced by the reservoir storage period will gradually recover after the beginning of reservoir regulation. The formulated vegetation growth prediction model can reflect the relevant influence processes on NDVI to a certain extent and alleviate the complexity of prediction.
Chern-Simons theory, decomposition, and the A model
Authors: Pantev Tony , Sharpe Eric , Yu Xingyang 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we discuss how gauging one-form symmetries in Chern-Simons theories is implemented in an A-twisted topological open string theory. For example, the contribution from a fixed H/Z bundle on a three-manifold M, arising in a BZ gauging of H Chern-Simons, for Z a finite subgroup of the center of H, is described by an open string worldsheet theory whose bulk is a sigma model with target a Z-gerbe (a bundle of one-form symmetries) over T∗M, of characteristic class determined by the H/Z bundle. We give a worldsheet picture of the decomposition of one-form-symmetry-gauged Chern-Simons in three dimensions, and we describe how a target-space constraint on bundles arising in the gauged Chern-Simons theory has a natural worldsheet realization. Our proposal provides examples of the expected correspondence between worldsheet global higher-form symmetries, and target-space gauged higher-form symmetries.
Bulk-induced D-brane deformations and the string coupling constant
Authors: Maccaferri Carlo , Ruffino Alberto , Vošmera Jakub 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider computing the on-shell disk action of open-closed string field theory as a gauge-invariant way of capturing the shift in D-brane tension that is induced by a deformation of the bulk CFT. We study the effect of bulk matter deformations (both marginal and relevant) on a wide range of boundary conditions in a number of CFTs up to subleading (two-loop) order in perturbation theory. In all analyzed examples, we find that the shift in the g-function of the matter boundary state is always accompanied by a boundary-independent shift in the string coupling constant, whose leading behaviour is universally proportional to the sphere two-point function of the deforming bulk operator.
4D printing of magnetoresponsive soft gripper and phenomenological approach for required magnetical actuation field
Authors: Kehret Daniel , Junk Stefan , Einloth Henning , Rapp Bastian E. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract4D printing is the next step in additive manufacturing. Magnetoresponsive materials facilitate the creation of gripping tools through 4D printing, allowing for structural changes in response to external stimuli. In this study, the structural change is manifested as motion, triggered by an external magnetic field. This technology offers significant advantages in medical and industrial applications, including the printing of life-like moving organ models for medical training and the development of actuators for use in explosive environments. Magnetoresponsive materials are programmed with a magnetic profile and actuated by an external magnetic field. A compound of strontium ferrite microparticles $$SrFe_{12}O_{19}$$

S
r
F

e
12

O
19

($$ \le 20\mu m$$

≤
20
μ
m

) and an elastic polymer (thermoplastic copolyester) with a Hardness of Shore D 40 was produced. A star-shaped body was programmed and actuated by two permanent magnets, each of $$B_r=1.29 - 1.32T$$

B
r

=
1.29
-
1.32
T

. As there is no analytical approach for calculating the required actuation flux density, one has been developed. The approach is verified experimentally by using a Hall probe. It is appropriate to set the field with a Helmholtz coil, despite the utilization of two permanent magnets. The use of a commercial fused filament fabrication printer for the processing of magnetoresponsive materials has been realized here for the first time. The main contributions are the short time constant (around $$t_a=0.1s$$

t
a

=
0.1
s

) for actuation and the repeatability (around $$n=200$$

n
=
200

actuation cycles) of the motion. The feasibility of multiple diverse reprogramming is a step forward in 4D printing. Hence, the post-print programming and the inhomogeneity of the field limit the ease of the presented method.
Analysis of projection welding in relation to the non-parallelism of electrodes
Authors: Mikno Zygmunt 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe article contains the analysis of projection welding in relation to the non-parallel location (non-parallelism) of electrodes. For a thin-walled flat element, e.g., sheet metal with two embossed projections, calculations were conducted for different angles between the upper electrode and the lower electrode. The calculation involved the use of the SORPAS 3D software. The analysis included the distribution of temperature, power density, electrode displacement, the volume of molten metal in the weld nugget, nugget diameters, and energy supplied to the weld. The article presents the comparison of results obtained for various angles between the electrodes of the welding machine. The results of numerical calculations were verified experimentally through technological welding tests and destructive tests (peeling/metallographic). The convergence of the experimental and numerical results was satisfactory. The tests involved a typical element used in the automotive industry, i.e., a nut with two embossed projections in the flat part. The article represents quite an innovative new approach to multiple-projection welding from a numerical calculation point of view. Such an approach allows the researcher to identify the phenomena taking place in the process. The article also presents a new approach to the analysis of multi-projection welding as regards the non-parallelism of electrodes. The results enabled the determination of phenomena taking place in the multi-projection welding process as well as the boundary conditions in relation to which the process became improper (unstable).
The dynamical Ising-Kac model in 3D converges to $$\Phi ^4_3$$
Authors: Grazieschi P. , Matetski K. , Weber H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider the Glauber dynamics of a ferromagnetic Ising-Kac model on a three-dimensional periodic lattice of size

$$(2 N + 1)^3$$

(
2
N
+
1
)

3

, in which the flipping rate of each spin depends on an average field in a large neighborhood of radius

$$\gamma ^{-1}<\!\!< N$$

γ

-
1

<

<
N

. We study the random fluctuations of a suitably rescaled coarse-grained spin field as

$$N \rightarrow \infty $$

N
→
∞

and

$$\gamma \rightarrow 0$$

γ
→
0

; we show that near the mean-field value of the critical temperature, the process converges in distribution to the solution of the dynamical

$$\Phi ^4_3$$

Φ
3
4

model on a torus. Our result settles a conjecture from Giacomin et al. (1999). The dynamical

$$\Phi ^4_3$$

Φ
3
4

model is given by a non-linear stochastic partial differential equation (SPDE) which is driven by an additive space-time white noise and which requires renormalisation of the non-linearity. A rigorous notion of solution for this SPDE and its renormalisation is provided by the framework of regularity structures (Hairer in Invent Math 198(2):269–504, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-014-0505-4). As in the two-dimensional case (Mourrat and Weber in Commun Pure Appl Math 70(4):717–812, 2017), the renormalisation corresponds to a small shift of the inverse temperature of the discrete system away from its mean-field value.
Want a ride? Attitudes towards autonomous driving and behavior in autonomous vehicles
Authors: Del Re Enrico , Sauer Leonie , Polli Marco , Olaverri-Monreal Cristina 
Published: October 2024

SummaryResearch conducted previously has focused on either attitudes toward or behaviors associated with autonomous driving. In this paper, we bridge these two dimensions by exploring how attitudes towards autonomous driving influence behavior in an autonomous car. We conducted a field experiment with twelve participants engaged in non-driving related tasks. Our findings indicate that attitudes towards autonomous driving do not affect participants’ driving interventions in vehicle control and eye glance behavior. Therefore, studies on autonomous driving technology lacking field tests might be unreliable for assessing the potential behaviors, attitudes, and acceptance of autonomous vehicles.
Growth dynamics of Rathke's Cleft cyst: a risk score system for surgical decision making
Authors: Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Gosal Jaskaran S. , Wu Kyle C. , Varthya Shoban Babu , Abouammo Moataz D. , Prevedello Luciano M. , Carrau Ricardo L. , Prevedello Daniel M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) exhibit variable growth patterns, thus posing a challenge in predicting progression. While some RCCs may not cause symptoms, others can insidiously cause pituitary dysfunction, which is often irreversible, even following surgery. Hence, it is crucial to identify asymptomatic RCCs that grow rapidly and pose a higher risk of causing endocrinologic dysfunction. This enables timely surgical intervention to prevent permanent damage. Our study examines the growth rate of RCCs, identifies factors that accelerate growth, and discusses the clinical implications of these findings.

Methods
A retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained electronic database revealed 45 patients aged 18–80 years who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery (EEA) for RCCs between 2010 and 2022 at our center. Of these, 20 required early operative intervention. The remaining 25 patients were followed closely clinically and radiologically before requiring surgery (initial conservative management group). We conducted an analysis of the factors predicting growth over time in this group. Using a regression model, we constructed a risk score system to predict RCC growth over time.

Results
Patients in the initial conservative group had smaller cysts and were generally older than those in the early surgery group. Patients with preoperative pituitary dysfunction showed a higher median growth of 1.0 mm in the longest diameter compared to those with normal pituitary function, with an increase of 0.5 mm. A sum of annual cyst growth of all (z, y, x) diameters, at a rate of 3 mm or greater, was associated with a clinically significant increase in the risk of pituitary dysfunction, exceeding 50%.The most significant factors predicting rapid growth in RCCs were smoking status, age, and T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) intensity of cysts. Smoking was the most critical risk factor for rapid cyst growth (p =  < .001). Our risk score system accurately predicted RCC growth with a 74% accuracy rate, 73% sensitivity, and 75% specificity.

Conclusion
Our analysis showed a strong link between active smoking and the rapid growth of RCC. This novel finding has significant preventive implications but needs validation by a large population database. Surgical intervention for RCC currently is often reserved for symptomatic cases. However, utilizing our risk-based scoring system to predict rapidly growing cysts may indicate early surgery in minimally symptomatic patients, thereby potentially preserving pituitary function.
A Machine Learning Model Based on Global Mammographic Radiomic Features Can Predict Which Normal Mammographic Cases Radiology Trainees Find Most Difficult
Authors: Siviengphanom Somphone , Brennan Patrick C. , Lewis Sarah J. , Trieu Phuong Dung , Gandomkar Ziba 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study aims to investigate whether global mammographic radiomic features (GMRFs) can distinguish hardest- from easiest-to-interpret normal cases for radiology trainees (RTs). Data from 137 RTs were analysed, with each interpreting seven educational self-assessment test sets comprising 60 cases (40 normal and 20 cancer). The study only examined normal cases. Difficulty scores were computed based on the percentage of readers who incorrectly classified each case, leading to their classification as hardest- or easiest-to-interpret based on whether their difficulty scores fell within and above the 75th or within and below the 25th percentile, respectively (resulted in 140 cases in total used). Fifty-nine low-density and 81 high-density cases were identified. Thirty-four GMRFs were extracted for each case. A random forest machine learning model was trained to differentiate between hardest- and easiest-to-interpret normal cases and validated using leave-one-out-cross-validation approach. The model’s performance was evaluated using the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Significant features were identified through feature importance analysis. Difference between hardest- and easiest-to-interpret cases among 34 GMRFs and in difficulty level between low- and high-density cases was tested using Kruskal–Wallis. The model achieved AUC = 0.75 with cluster prominence and range emerging as the most useful features. Fifteen GMRFs differed significantly (p < 0.05) between hardest- and easiest-to-interpret cases. Difficulty level among low- vs high-density cases did not differ significantly (p = 0.12). GMRFs can predict hardest-to-interpret normal cases for RTs, underscoring the importance of GMRFs in identifying the most difficult normal cases for RTs and facilitating customised training programmes tailored to trainees’ learning needs.
Associations of coagulation parameters and thrombin generation potential with the incidence of type 2 diabetes: mediating role of glycoprotein acetylation
Authors: Han Jihee , van Hylckama Vlieg Astrid , de Mutsert Renée , Rosendaal Frits R. , van der Velde Jeroen HPM , Boone Sebastiaan C. , Winters-van Eekelen Esther , le Cessie Saskia , Li-Gao Ruifang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHypercoagulability is characterized by abnormal elevations of coagulation factor levels and increased thrombin generation potential. Prior studies demonstrated links between impaired glucose metabolism, endothelial dysfunction, and hypercoagulability. However, the associations between hypercoagulability and incident type 2 diabetes as well as its underlying mechanism remain unclear. We aimed to assess the associations between coagulation parameters including coagulation factor (F) VIII, FIX, FXI, fibrinogen, thrombin generation potential (lag time, endogenous thrombin potential [ETP], peak, time-to-peak, velocity) and incident type 2 diabetes, and to study the underlying mechanism by examining the mediating role of glycoprotein acetylation (GlycA). In the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity study, we applied a Cox Proportional-Hazards Model in 5718 participants after adjustment for confounders. We further conducted a mediation analysis investigating the mediation effect of GlycA on the observed associations. During a median follow-up of 6.7 years, 281 incident type 2 diabetes diagnoses were reported. Compared with the lowest quartile, hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of the highest quartile was 2.47 (1.48–4.14) for FIX, 1.37 (0.85–2.20) for FVIII, 1.11 (0.76–1.63) for FXI, 0.98 (0.65–1.48) for fibrinogen, 1.56 (1.07–2.28) for ETP, 1.84 (1.23–2.74) for peak, 1.59 (1.08–2.33) for velocity, 0.92 (0.62–1.38) for lag time, and 1.21 (0.86–1.70) for time-to-peak. GlycA mediated only a small proportion of all observed associations. In conclusion, elevated levels of coagulation factor and thrombin generation potential are associated with incident type 2 diabetes, suggesting the involvement of hypercoagulability in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes.
A systematic content analysis of innovation in European competition law
Authors: Schrepel Thibault 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInnovation plays a crucial role in defining competitive dynamics. Given this fact, one might expect ‘innovation’ to play a consistent role in antitrust law. The present article conducts a systematic content analysis of the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union to test this hypothesis. The findings suggest that EU courts treat innovation inconsistently in competition law cases, often assigning different weight to innovation in similar contexts and neglecting central parameters agreed upon in the literature. To address this inconsistency, the article proposes measures to maintain the predictability of competition law analysis while giving innovation a more central role in the definition of relevant markets, evaluation of market power, and assessment of practices.
A systematic literature review of life cycle sustainability assessment of mass timber in the construction industry toward circular economy
Authors: Balasbaneh Ali Tighnavard , Sher Willy 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLife cycle analysis has been used to evaluate the environmental impacts and economic costs of a range of engineered timber structural materials as well as other materials such as steel and concrete over the last two decades. This study presents a bibliometric analysis and systematic critical review by investigating the life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) of engineered timber products. LCSA is comprised of three main pillars namely, environment, cost, and social impact. The study compares alternative engineering wood products used in building structures such as columns, beams and wall surfaces. The geographical distribution, main sources of research, co-occurrence of keywords were analyzed for 93 peer-reviewed articles and conferences. The United States was the most productive country, contributing almost 23 documents. Australia was next with 12 publications. Most studies compared the LCA and LCC of alternative Mass timber products and concrete or steel. Most studies evaluated cross laminated timber (62%), followed by glued laminated timber (17%), and laminated veneer lumber (9%). A comparison of the economic and environmental aspects indicated that the social aspect are less considered. The review showed that the global warming potential of manufactring1 M3 of cross laminated timber is about 155.6–158.6 kg CO2eq. The majority of the publications reviewed focused on LCA whilst others focussed on the LCC of Mass timber. No research on social life cycle assessment has been conducted as yet. A framework is suggested for future research to identify the best alternative for engineering wood.
Efficient heuristics to compute minimal and stable feedback arc sets
Authors: Cavallaro Claudia , Cutello Vincenzo , Pavone Mario 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGiven a directed graph $$G=(V,A)$$

G
=
(
V
,
A
)

, we tackle the Minimum Feedback Arc Set (MFAS) Problem by designing an efficient algorithm to search for minimal and stable Feedback Arc Sets, i.e. such that none of the arcs can be reintroduced in the graph without disrupting acyclicity and such that for each vertex the number of eliminated outgoing (resp. incoming) arcs is not bigger than the number of remaining incoming (resp. outgoing) arcs. Our algorithm has a good polynomial upper bound and can therefore be applied even on large graphs. We also introduce an algorithm to generate strongly connected graphs with a known upper bound on their feedback arc set, and on such graphs we test our algorithm.
Integral-Type Representations for the Subdifferential of Suprema
Authors: Correa Rafael , Hantoute Abderrahim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAn integral-like representation is provided for the $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-subdifferential of the supremum of an arbitrary family of convex functions. Our characterizations are expressed through appropriate discrete sums performed on the data functions $$f_{t}$$

f
t

’s together with specific singular measures operating on them. Moreover, as long as the underlying space is a reflexive Banach space or a separable normed space, we substitute these additional measures with related limits that involve the data functions. All the objects involved in our characterizations rely intrinsically on the data functions that are (almost) active at the reference point.