bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and drug-induced injuries: Pathogenetic aspects, treatment and prevention
Authors: Pakhomova I. G. 
Published: October 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a common chronic disease characterized by increased fat accumulation in the liver and underlying metabolic dysfunction. In the occurrence of this disease, cardiometabolic factors are important: dyslipidemia, impaired carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, which increase as metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver progresses and most often contribute to the development of cardiovascular pathology. Currently, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver is a multisystem disease associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, oncology, etc. Metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver most often affects comorbid patients who take a considerable number of medications. Over the past decades, many drugs have been identified that have the potential to cause steatohepatitis in susceptible individuals. The range of drugs that have hepatotoxicity is quite large. More than 300 drugs are known to cause drug-induced liver injury. However, the true prevalence of drug-induced liver injury remains unknown, since it is not always possible to determine the true cause of liver damage or a specific drug. In this regard, the issue of management tactics for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and drug-induced liver injury remains relevant, especially when it comes to the need to take medications that are vital for the patient. The article provides a review of the literature on the etiopathogenetic, clinical and diagnostic aspects of both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and in combination with drug-induced liver injury, features of the management of comorbid patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and drug-induced liver injury. Therapeutic approaches are reviewed with an emphasis on comprehensive management (non-pharmacological and pharmacotherapy). Prescribing essential phospholipids may be effective in the treatment of such patients.
Diagnostic models for differentiating fatty liver disease of alcohol and non-alcoholic genesis
Authors: Kruchinina M. V. , Osipenko M. F. , Parulikova M. V. , Belkovets A. V. , Kruchinina E. V. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Fatty liver disease is the largest contributor to the burden of chronic liver disease worldwide. Current approaches do not allow sufficient differentiation between alcoholic and non-alcoholic etiology of the process.Aim. Create diagnostic panels including electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes to differentiate fatty liver disease of alcoholic and non-alcoholic genesis.Materials and methods. The study included 38 men (47.5 ± 2.9 years) with NAFLD; 31 men with alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) (45.1 ± 3.1 years) according to ultrasound of the abdominal organs, the degree of fibrosis did not exceed F1 (FibroScan® 502). Electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were studied by dielectrophoresis using an electro-optical cell detection system. To determine the parameters of erythrocytes – biomarkers for distinguishing between AFLD and NAFLD, a system of machine learning methods – Random Forest was used.Results. Electrical, viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes, which are biomarkers for distinguishing between AFLD and NAFLD, were established: cell membrane capacity (p = 1.21E-11), the degree of change in the deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz (p = 2.38E-08), cell polarizability at a frequency of 106 Hz (p = 9.38E-08), the speed of erythrocyte movement to the electrodes (p = 4.32E-06), the magnitude of the dipole moment (p = 1.66E-05), relative polarizability (p = 2.35E-05), the index of erythrocyte destruction at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz (p = 0.016), the position of the crossover frequency (p = 2.13E- 06). The diagnostic model, including five parameters – the position of the crossover frequency, cell polarizability at a frequency of 106 Hz, cell electrical conductivity, membrane capacity, the degree of change in the deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz, provided the highest diagnostic accuracy with an AUC of 0.975, a sensitivity of 96.3%, and a specificity of 91.8% in differentiating between AFLD and NAFLD.Conclusion. Thus, systematic exposure to alcohol modifies the structure of erythrocyte membranes, leading to a decrease in the surface charge, the barrier function of membranes, reducing the resistance of cells, their ability to deform, which determines the key role of the identified electrical, viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in differentiating between AFLD and NAFLD.
Frequency of detection of dyssynergic defecation in patients with overlap syndrome of functional disorders of the digestive organs associated with constipation
Authors: Maev I. V. , Gilyuk A. V. , Andreev D. N. , Kazyulin A. N. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The presence of dyssynergic defecation in a cohort of patients with overlap syndrome of functional disorders is poorly studied.Aim. To assess the motor function and sensitivity parameters of the anorectal zone, to identify dyssynergic defecation and to analyze the frequency of correlation in patients with overlap syndrome of functional gastrointestinal disorders associated with constipation.Materials and methods. A one-stage examination was conducted in four parallel groups. The study included 100 patients aged 30 to 40 years with the following diagnoses: constipation-p redominance irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) (group 1), IBS-C combined with functional dyspepsia (group 2), IBS-C combined with functional biliary disorder (group 3) and healthy volunteers (group 0). All patients underwent a balloon expulsion test and high-resolution anorectal manometry to determine the presence of dyssynergic defecation.Results. Based on the analysis of parameters according to anorectal manometry data, dyssynergic defecation was not detected in group 0, in group 1 dyssynergic defecation was detected in 8 people – 32.0% (95% CI 12.3–51.6), in group 2 – in 14 people – 56.0% (95% CI 35.0–76.9), in group 3 – in 16 people – 64.0% (95% CI 43.7–84.2). A negative evacuation test was detected in 8 (32%) patients in group 1, in 14 (56%) patients in group 2, and in 17 (68%) patients in group 3, which confirmed the presence of dyssynergic defecation.Conclusions. This study demonstrated the presence of dyssynergic defecation in three groups of subjects, more often with a combination of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation with functional dyspepsia, and most often with a functional disorder of the gallbladder.
Dynamics analysis and collaborative optimization of vehicle steering mechanism
Authors: Zhao Lining , Cui Xiaolin , Wang Wenjing 
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the dynamic response characteristics of the steering mechanism, a research scheme for increasing the natural frequency based on lightweight design was proposed. Based on the finite element method and the collaborative optimization method, the modal characteristics and harmonic response characteristics of the model were studied and analyzed to verify the strength and stiffness performance of the optimized structure. The modal shapes between the free mode and the constrained mode were compared and analyzed. With the second-order natural frequency as the optimization objective, the response surface function of the equivalent stiffness was constructed. Through optimization calculation, the design variables that satisfy the constraint conditions can be obtained. The results show that the optimized structure can increase the second-order natural frequency by 14.4 % on the premise of reducing the mass by 5.2 %, effectively avoiding the excitation frequency of the engine.
Crocetin Enhances Temozolomide Efficacy in Glioblastoma Therapy Through Multiple Pathway Suppression
Authors: Tsai Wei-En , Liu Yen-Tsen , Kuo Fu-Hsuan , Cheng Wen-Yu , Shen Chiung-Chyi , Chiao Ming-Tsang , Huang Yu-Fen , Liang Yea-Jiuen , Yang Yi-Chin , Hsieh Wan-Yu , Chen Jun-Peng , Liu Szu-Yuan , Chiu Cheng-Di 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive type of brain
tumor that is difficult to remove surgically. Research suggests that substances from saffron,
namely crocetin and crocin, could be effective natural treatments, showing abilities to kill cancer
cells.

Methods:
Our study focused on evaluating the effects of crocetin on glioma using the U87 cell
line. We specifically investigated how crocetin affects the survival, growth, and spread of glioma
cells, exploring its impact at concentrations ranging from 75-150 μM. The study also included
experiments combining crocetin with the chemotherapy drug Temozolomide (TMZ) to assess
potential synergistic effects.

Results:
Crocetin significantly reduced the viability, proliferation, and migration of glioma cells.
It achieved these effects by decreasing the levels of Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and
Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), proteins that are critical for cancer progression. Additionally,
crocetin inhibited the formation of cellular structures necessary for tumor growth. It
blocked multiple points of the Ak Strain Transforming (AKT) signaling pathway, which is vital
for cancer cell survival. This treatment led to increased cell death and disrupted the cell cycle in
the glioma cells. When used in combination with TMZ, crocetin not only enhanced the reduction
of cancer cell growth but also promoted cell death and reduced cell replication. This combination
therapy further decreased levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and Receptor for
Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE), proteins linked to inflammation and tumor progression.
It selectively inhibited certain pathways involved in the cellular stress response without
affecting others.

Conclusion:
Our results underscore the potential of crocetin as a treatment for glioma. It targets
various mechanisms involved in tumor growth and spread, offering multiple avenues for
therapy. Further studies are essential to fully understand and utilize crocetin’s benefits in treating
glioma.
A Review on Phytochemical Constituents Used as Current Treatment Strategies for Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Jee Krishna , Gaur Rishabh , Kadian Jai Prakash , Meenu  , Murtaza Muhammad , Verma Sanjay Kumar , Malik Bharati , Shilpa  
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
In today’s time, a diversity of neurodegenerative diseases that widely affect the CNS causing insufficiency in particular brain processes such as memory, mobility, and cognition due to the moderate loss of CNS neurons.
This review emphasizes different phytochemical constituents used widely for the prevention or treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkin-son’s disease (PD). Berberin (BBR), which is an isoquinoline class of alkaloid and isolated from the plant Hydrastis condenses and Berberis aaristata, has both acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibiting properties as well as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibiting properties involved in the betterment of AD by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Like BBR, Physostigmine, isolated from the Physostigma venenosum / Calabar bean and belongs to the family Leguminosae, and Morphine, isolated from the plant Papaver somniferum / Opium poppy or Breadseed poppy, also has a significant impact on the management and treatment of AD and PD by reducing both neuroinflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Morphine bineurodegenerative diseases with μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in CNS elevate GABA levels in the synaptic cleft of the brain and reduces the neurotoxicity via stimulation of MOR. It has been discovered that physostigmine improves cognitive function in AD patients and reduces α-synu-clein expression in PD neural cell lines. Isorhyncophylline (IRN) is a Chinese herbal medicine isolated from the plant Uncaria rhyncophylla which provides neuroprotective efficiency against neurotoxicity that occurs by amyloid β (the main component of amyloid plaques) found in the brain of people with AD.
MCDM Method for Managing the Water Resources Based on Possibility Theory under Bipolar Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Garai Totan , Biswas George , Santra Uttaran , Giri Sourav Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Uncertainty is a common factor in every real-life decision-making problem. Possibility theory is one uncertainty theory in Fuzzy sets (FS). The possibility-based decision-making under a fuzzy environment is a significant multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method.

Methods:
A bipolar FS is an extension of a fuzzy set. With the bipolarity concept, we can handle both positive and negative thoughts. In this study, we have provided a possibility mean of a bipolar fuzzy number. We have developed a ranking method for bipolar fuzzy numbers using this pos-sibility concept. A novel possibility MCDM method is suggested for solving the water resources management (WRM) in the Nagpur area, Maharashtra State, India.

Results:
The MCDM technique is an effective tool for solving WRM problems in an area. Many uncertainties and bipolarities occur together in Nagpur water resources. WRM technique with fuzzy is one approach that can be used to solve the area's water problem. We have used the pro-posed MCDM to address the water-related issues of this district. With this proposed MCDM method, numerically, we employed water resource problems under a bipolar fuzzy environ-ment.

Conclusion:
The Nagpur area is covered by Basaltic rock and faces water shortage. The district is experiencing severe water shortages. Groundwater, surface water, and rainfall are three water resources considered as alternatives. According to the proposed MCDM technique in Nagpur district, Groundwater is the best water source from three flanks: quality of water, affordability, and availability.
Understanding the Lived Experiences of Women Refugees from the Middle East and North Africa Region: A Phenomenological Approach
Authors: Jaber Baheya 
Published: October 2024

This qualitative study explores the role of urban public libraries in Texas from the viewpoint of women refugees from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. These women encounter challenges as they navigate their daily lives in the U.S. By implementing Intersectionality (Crenshaw, 2017), critical feminist theory (De Beauvoir, 2009; hooks, 2009), and critical race theory (Ladson-Billings, 1998), the researcher examines the information needs and information seeking behaviors among women refugees (including their connection with public libraries).
The researcher utilizes phenomenology by conducting interviews and focus groups with MENA women refugees. Through phenomenology the researcher examines the connections amongst MENA women refugees and their lived experiences in the U.S., explores truth by stating that human knowledge is generated from the work of the expert researcher and somebody who can mention “I” and who is responsible for their knowledge, and educates citizens to become accountable agents of truth (Sokolowski, 2000, Vagle, 2014).
When conducting the semi-structured interviews and focus groups, MENA women refugees share their individual and collective experiences in relation to the information services that public libraries offer to them. These women understand the world by interacting with other people and things, and then they disclose their valuable experiences “truth” with the researcher. The knowledge that these women reveal proves that their experiences are crucial, valuable, and that the creation of human knowledge is not only an outcome of the expert researcher but represents the achievements and possession of all individuals who participate in the research project (Bevir, 2003).
Drawing the Line between Social Work and Librarianship: Public Library Administrators Talk
Authors: Gross Melissa , Latham Don , Baum Brittany 
Published: October 2024

As part of a larger, IMLS-funded project, focus groups were undertaken with public library administrators to discuss the professional scope of librarianship in the face of a growing practice of placing social workers in public libraries to help respond to communities’ social services-related needs. Findings from these focus groups and focus groups held with adult services and youth services librarians are being used to inform the development of a national survey of public librarians on this topic. The survey will be distributed fall 2024. Preliminary findings from focus groups with public library administrators indicate that librarians want to help, but are stretched beyond their training, and that the placement of social workers in libraries to help serve social services-related needs is a more complex solution than it may sound.
Fine-Tuned Bidirectional Encoder Representations From Transformers Versus ChatGPT for Text-Based Outpatient Department Recommendation: Comparative Study
Authors: Jo Eunbeen , Yoo Hakje , Kim Jong-Ho , Kim Young-Min , Song Sanghoun , Joo Hyung Joon 
Published: October 2024

Background
Patients often struggle with determining which outpatient specialist to consult based on their symptoms. Natural language processing models in health care offer the potential to assist patients in making these decisions before visiting a hospital.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT in recommending medical specialties for medical questions.

Methods
We used a dataset of 31,482 medical questions, each answered by doctors and labeled with the appropriate medical specialty from the health consultation board of NAVER (NAVER Corp), a major Korean portal. This dataset includes 27 distinct medical specialty labels. We compared the performance of the fine-tuned Korean Medical bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (KM-BERT) and ChatGPT models by analyzing their ability to accurately recommend medical specialties. We categorized responses from ChatGPT into those matching the 27 predefined specialties and those that did not. Both models were evaluated using performance metrics of accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-score.

Results
ChatGPT demonstrated an answer avoidance rate of 6.2% but provided accurate medical specialty recommendations with explanations that elucidated the underlying pathophysiology of the patient’s symptoms. It achieved an accuracy of 0.939, precision of 0.219, recall of 0.168, and an F1-score of 0.134. In contrast, the KM-BERT model, fine-tuned for the same task, outperformed ChatGPT with an accuracy of 0.977, precision of 0.570, recall of 0.652, and an F1-score of 0.587.

Conclusions
Although ChatGPT did not surpass the fine-tuned KM-BERT model in recommending the correct medical specialties, it showcased notable advantages as a conversational artificial intelligence model. By providing detailed, contextually appropriate explanations, ChatGPT has the potential to significantly enhance patient comprehension of medical information, thereby improving the medical referral process.
Experiences With mHealth Use Among Patient-Caregiver Dyads With Chronic Heart Failure: Qualitative Study
Authors: Jin Xiaorong , Zhang Yimei , Zhou Min , Zhang Xiong , Mei Qian , Bai Yangjuan , Wei Wei , Ma Fang 
Published: October 2024

Background
Chronic heart failure has become a serious threat to the health of the global population, and self-management is key to treating chronic heart failure. The emergence of mobile health (mHealth) provides new ideas for the self-management of chronic heart failure in which the informal caregiver plays an important role. Current research has mainly studied the experiences with using mHealth among patients with chronic heart failure from the perspective of individual patients, and there is a lack of research from the dichotomous perspective.

Objective
The aim of this study was to explore the experiences with mHealth use among patients with chronic heart failure and their informal caregivers from a dichotomous perspective.

Methods
This descriptive phenomenological study from a post-positivist perspective used a dyadic interview method, and face-to-face semistructured interviews were conducted with patients with chronic heart failure and their informal caregivers. Data were collected and managed using NVivo 12 software, and data analysis used thematic analysis to identify and interpret participants’ experiences and perspectives. The thematic analysis included familiarizing ourselves with the data, generating initial codes, searching for themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and producing the report.

Results
A total of 14 dyads of patients with chronic heart failure and their informal caregivers (13 men and 15 women) participated in this study, including 3 couples and 11 parent-child pairs. We constructed 4 key themes and their subthemes related to the experiences with mHealth use: (1) opposing experiences with mHealth as human interaction or trauma (great experience with mHealth use; trauma), (2) supplement instead of replacement (it is useful but better as a reference; offline is unavoidable sometimes), (3) both agreement and disagreement over who should be the adopter of mHealth (achieving consensus regarding who should adopt mHealth; conflict occurs when considering patients as the adopter of mHealth), (4) for better mHealth (applying mHealth with caution; suggestions for improved mHealth).

Conclusions
This study reported that the experiences with mHealth use among patients with chronic heart failure and their informal caregivers were mixed, and it highlighted the human touch of mHealth and the importance of network security. These results featured mHealth as a complement to offline hospitals rather than a replacement. In the context of modern or changing Chinese culture, we encourage patients to use mHealth by themselves and their informal caregivers to provide help when necessary. In addition, we need to use mHealth carefully, and future mHealth designs should focus more on ease of use and be oriented more toward older adults.