bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Solubility of Nitrogen Gas into Molten Copper at Temperature Range of 1,993 K to 2,443 K
Authors: Mohd Noor Abdul Muizz , Muhd Nor Nik Hisyamudin , Yokoyama Seiji 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSolubility of nitrogen gas into pure copper at temperature range of 1,993–2,443 K was studied with using a levitation melting apparatus. The solubility which was dissolved content of nitrogen equilibrated with nitrogen gas with a pressure of 101.3 kPa increased with the temperature of molten copper. However, the solubility was approximately 1.5 mass ppm even at 2,443 K. Absorption of nitrogen gas into pure copper obeyed the Sieverts’ law and was expressed as:
$${1 \over 2}{{\rm{N}}_2}\left({{\rm{gas}}} \right) = \underline {\rm N} $$Here, the underlined element was expressed as the element dissolved into a molten copper. The relation between this reaction Gibbs energy, ${\Delta _{\rm{r}}}{G^0}$ [J], and thermodynamic temperature of the molten copper, T [K], was given as:
$${\Delta _{\rm{r}}}{G^0} = 61573 + 48.75T$$
Homogeneous two-point problem for PDE of the second order in time variable and infinite order in spatial variables
Authors: Malanchuk Oksana , Nytrebych Zinoviy 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
We prove that homogeneous problem for PDE of second order in time variable, and generally infinite order in spatial variables with local two-point conditions with respect to time variable, has only trivial solution in the case when the characteristic determinant of the problem is nonzero. In another, opposite case, we prove the existence of nontrivial solutions of the problem, and we propose a differential-symbol method of constructing them.
Experimental Investigation of Pressure Fluctuations on Inner Wall of a Centrifugal Pump
Authors: Jia Xiao-Qi , Cui Bao-Ling , Zhu Zu-Chao , Zhang Yu-Liang 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Affected by rotor–stator interaction and unstable inner flow, asymmetric pressure distributions and pressure fluctuations cannot be avoided in centrifugal pumps. To study the pressure distributions on volute and front casing walls, dynamic pressure tests are carried out on a centrifugal pump. Frequency spectrum analysis of pressure fluctuation is presented based on Fast Fourier transform and steady pressure distribution is obtained based on time-average method. The results show that amplitudes of pressure fluctuation and blade-passing frequency are sensitive to the flow rate. At low flow rates, high-pressure region and large pressure gradients near the volute tongue are observed, and the main factors contributing to the pressure fluctuation are fluctuations in blade-passing frequency and high-frequency fluctuations. By contrast, at high flow rates, fluctuations of rotating-frequency and low frequencies are the main contributors to pressure fluctuation. Moreover, at low flow rates, pressure near volute tongue increases rapidly at first and thereafter increases slowly, whereas at high flow rates, pressure decreases sharply. Asymmetries are observed in the pressure distributions on both volute and front casing walls. With increasing of flow rate, both asymmetries in the pressure distributions and magnitude of the pressure decrease.
The Effects of Ballistic and Nonballistic Bench Press on Mechanical Variables
Authors: Moir Gavin L. , Munford Shawn N. , Moroski Lindsey L. , Davis Shala E. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Moir, GL, Munford, SN, Moroski, LL, Davis, SE. The effects of ballistic and nonballistic bench press on mechanical variables. J Strength Cond Res 32(12): 3333–3339, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ballistic and nonballistic bench press performed with loads equivalent to 30 and 90% 1 repetition maximum (1RM) on mechanical variables. Eleven resistance-trained men (age: 23.0 ± 1.4 years; mass: 98.4 ± 14.4 kg) attended 4 testing sessions where they performed one of the following sessions: (a) 3 sets of 5 nonballistic repetitions performed with a load equivalent to 30% 1RM (30N-B), (b) 3 sets of 5 ballistic repetitions performed with a load equivalent to 30% 1RM (30B), (c) 3 sets of 4 nonballistic repetitions with a load equivalent to 90% 1RM (90N-B), or (d) 3 sets of 4 ballistic repetitions with a load equivalent to 90% 1RM (90B). Force plates and a 3-dimensional motion analysis system were used to determine the velocity, force, power output (PO), and work during each repetition. The heavier loads resulted in significantly greater forces applied to the barbell (mean differences: 472–783 N, p < 0.001), but lower barbell velocities (mean differences: 0.85–1.20 m·s−1, p < 0.001) and PO (mean differences: 118–492 W, p ≤ 0.022). The ballistic conditions enhanced the mechanical variables only at the lower load, with 30B producing significantly greater force (mean difference: 263 N, p < 0.001), velocity (mean difference: 0.33 m·s−1, p < 0.001), and PO (mean difference: 335 W, p < 0.001) compared with 30N-B. Furthermore, the increase in PO across the 3 sets in 30B was significantly different from all other conditions (p = 0.013). The total mechanical work performed was significantly greater for the conditions with the heavier loads compared with those with the lighter loads (mean differences: 362–5,600 J, p < 0.001) and that performed during the ballistic conditions was significantly greater than that performed during the nonballistic conditions with the same load (mean differences: 945–1,030 J, p < 0.001). Ballistic bench press may be an effective exercise for developing PO, and multiple sets may elicit postactivation potentiation that enhances force production. However, these benefits may be negated at heavier loads.
A non‐canonical function of Ezh2 preserves immune homeostasis
Authors: Vasanthakumar Ajithkumar , Xu Dakang , Lun Aaron TL , Kueh Andrew J , van Gisbergen Klaas PJM , Iannarella Nadia , Li Xiaofang , Yu Liang , Wang Die , Williams Bryan RG , Lee Stanley CW , Majewski Ian J , Godfrey Dale I , Smyth Gordon K , Alexander Warren S , Herold Marco J , Kallies Axel , Nutt Stephen L , Allan Rhys S 
Published: February 2017

AbstractEnhancer of zeste 2 (Ezh2) mainly methylates lysine 27 of histone‐H3 (H3K27me3) as part of the polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) together with Suz12 and Eed. However, Ezh2 can also modify non‐histone substrates, although it is unclear whether this mechanism has a role during development. Here, we present evidence for a chromatin‐independent role of Ezh2 during T‐cell development and immune homeostasis. T‐cell‐specific depletion of Ezh2 induces a pronounced expansion of natural killer T (NKT) cells, although Ezh2‐deficient T cells maintain normal levels of H3K27me3. In contrast, removal of Suz12 or Eed destabilizes canonical PRC2 function and ablates NKT cell development completely. We further show that Ezh2 directly methylates the NKT cell lineage defining transcription factor PLZF, leading to its ubiquitination and subsequent degradation. Sustained PLZF expression in Ezh2‐deficient mice is associated with the expansion of a subset of NKT cells that cause immune perturbation. Taken together, we have identified a chromatin‐independent function of Ezh2 that impacts on the development of the immune system.
The incidence and mortality of lip and oral cavity cancer and its relationship to the 2012 Human Development Index of Asia
Authors: Tiyuri Amir , Mohammadian-Hafshejani Abdollah , Iziy Elham , Gandomani Hamidreza Sadeghi , Salehiniya Hamid 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Lip and oral cavity cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in Asia and considered to be a major public health problem due to the low survival rate. Because of the importance of access to information about this cancer (including incidence, mortality rate and relation to socioeconomic indicators), this study aims at investigating the incidence and mortality of lip and oral cavity cancer and its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) of Asia (from 2012).
Method: This study was an ecological study in Asia for assessment of the correlation between age-specific incidence rate (ASIR) and age-specific mortality rate (ASMR) with the HDI and its components which include: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling and gross national income (GNI) per capita. Data on the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) and the standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for every Asian country for the year 2012 were obtained from the global cancer project and data on the HDI and its components were extracted from the World bank site.
We used a bivariate method for assessment of the correlation between the SIR and SMR with the HDI and its individual components. Statistical significance was assumed if P<0.05. All reported P-values were two-sided. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS (Version 15.0, SPSS Inc.).
Results: A total incidence of 162,506 cases and 95,005 deaths were recorded in Asian countries in 2012. Countries with the highest SIR (per 100,000) were the following: Maldives (11), Sri Lanka (10.3), Pakistan (9.8), Bangladesh (9.4), and India (7.2). The highest SMR was observed in the following countries: Pakistan (5.9), Bangladesh (5.6), Afghanistan (5.1), India (4.9), and Maldives (4.1). The correlation between SIR of lip and oral cavity cancer and HDI was -0.378 (p=0.010), with life expectancy at birth at -0.324 (p=0.028), mean years of schooling at -0.283 (p=0.057), and level of income per each person of the population at -0.279 (p=0.060). Moreover, the correlation was -0.664 (p≤0.001) between SMR and HDI.
Conclusion: A significant reverse correlation was seen between the incidence and mortality rate of lip and oral cavity cancer and the HDI in Asia. The incidence and mortality of this type of cancer was high in developing or less developed countries.
Factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente en Colombia, 2008 a 2011
Authors: Farias Curtidor Luis Enrique , Mejia Bernal Claudia Patricia , Osorio Carmona Gloria Inés , Pérez Peña Lady Johanna , Preciadao Aponte Carolina 
Published: February 2017

Objetivo Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados al desarrollo de tuberculosis multidrogorresistente en pacientes de 18 años o más, afiliados a 3 Empresas Administradoras de Planes de Beneficios en Colombia, durante los años 2008 a 2011.Métodos Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles emparejado, 1 a 4,45 casos y 180 controles, de pacientes de la base de datos del programa de tuberculosis de 3 Empresas Aseguradoras de Salud, evaluando variables demográficas, socioeconómicas y clínicas.Resultados La mediana de edad de los casos fue de 43 años y la de los controles de 39,5 años, en los casos predominó el sexo masculino con 73,3 %, mientras que en los controles fue mayor el sexo femenino con 51,1 %. Se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la tuberculosis multidrogorresistente y el sexo masculino (OR ajustado 4,47 IC 95 % [1,01; 19,75]), seguridad social (OR ajustado 57,6 IC 95 % [4,6; 712,8]) y tratamiento previo (OR ajustado 56,2 IC 95 % [10,03; 314,79].Conclusiones Ser hombre y tener tratamiento previo para tuberculosis son factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de multidrogorresistencia. Es necesario realizar más estudios con el sistema de salud colombiano para profundizar en los hallazgos con respecto al régimen subsidiado y el desarrollo de Tuberculosis multidrogorresistente.
Perfiles de riesgo cardiovascular y condición física en docentes y empleados no docentes de una facultad de salud
Authors: Wilches Luna Esther Cecilia , Hernández Nasly Lorena , Chavarro Ortiz Paola Andrea , Bernal Sànchez José Julián 
Published: February 2017

Objetivo Establecer el perfil de riesgo cardiovascular y la condición física de docentes y empleados no docentes en una facultad de salud de una universidad pública.Materiales y Métodos Estudio observacional transversal con 40 docentes y 13 empleados, se realizó: test de caminata, Cuestionario Internacional de Actividad Física (IPAQ), Auto informe de Barreras para la Práctica de Ejercicio Físico, antropometría, perfil lipídico, hemoglobina glicosilada y se identificó el riesgo cardiovascular con la Escala Framingham Clásica.Resultados El 51,4 % de los docentes y 41,7 % de los no docentes presentaron bajo riesgo cardiovascular. Para ambos el valor promedio del IMC fue 25,56 Kg/cm2 ±3,9 Kg/cm2 y 23,18 Kg/cm2 ± 3,7 Kg/cm2 respectivamente. El promedio del peso graso de los docentes fue del 32 % y en no docentes 27 %. La distancia promedio recorrida por los docentes fue 553 ± 226 metros y para los no docentes de 590 ± 187 metros. Ambos grupos presentaron buena flexibilidad. El 49 % de docentes y el 77 % de los no docentes presentaron nivel de actividad física alto según el IPAQ. Las principales barreras para la práctica del ejercicio físico fueron la falta de tiempo y el exceso de obligaciones.Conclusiones Los empleados docentes y no docentes de la facultad de salud presentaron bajo riesgo cardiovascular con alto nivel de actividad física, esto debe ser considerado en la implementación de programas de promoción de estilos de vida saludable y prevención de enfermedad cardiovascular.
A nova dinâmica das relações campo x cidade em Macaé: o exemplo da Comunidade Serra da Cruz
Authors: Zampier Bonin Nelson Jose 
Published: February 2017

Resumo
Em face da constante complexidade das transformações socioespaciais, surgem interpretações no meio científico, que buscam analisar as reflexões entre cidade e campo. As atividades humanas estão modificando constantemente o espaço, e as mudanças ocorridas no campo despertam interesse de diversos pesquisadores, que podem seguir diferentes linhas de pesquisa. Este artigo trás uma contribuição ao debate sobre a questão cidade – campo e urbano – rural, contribuindo para aprofundar a reflexão sobre essa problemática. O exemplo da comunidade rural de Serra da Cruz, localizada no distrito de Glicério ( Macaé – RJ ), reflete a intensificação das implicações da atividade petrolífera no município, que amplia seu espaço urbano e torna mais dinâmico o rural. Apesar da pecuária de corte ser forte, o espaço agrícola municipal vem diminuindo, mas sobrevive e diversifica-se através da pluriatividade, do turismo, etc. O trabalho tenta exemplificar como as urbanidades entram na comunidade rural, modificando-a, mas não destruindo-a.
Configuração do poder no Codeter: uma análise do Território da Cidadania Noroeste Colonial-RS / Configuration of power in Codeter: an analysis of the Territory of Citizenship Noroeste Colonial-RS
Authors: Deckert Cristiele Tomm 
Published: February 2017

Resumo
Este artigo tem como objetivo identificar e analisar como se configura o poder no Colegiado Deliberativo do Território da Cidadania Noroeste Colonial (TC-Norc) do Rio Grande do Sul, conforme a categoria “Configuração do Poder” proposta por Allebrandt (2010), a partir da percepção dos membros do Colegiado Deliberativo, referente à configuração do poder do colegiado, fundamentada em processos que visam à participação dos indivíduos envolvidos. A metodologia escolhida para este trabalho foi entrevista com representantes das entidades da sociedade civil, poder público, integrantes do núcleo diretivo, núcleo técnico, setoriais e assessorias especializadas, bem como a participação nos encontros realizados pelo programa e análise documental. Os resultados mostraram que a composição do colegiado é orientada pelo pluralismo, pois há a participação do poder público e da sociedade civil. Nota-se que a sociedade civil participa de forma mais assídua da configuração do poder, considerando que, através dos Territórios da Cidadania, achou um espaço para expor seus anseios. Já o poder público acabou se afastando no momento que não recebeu todos os recursos que almejava.

Abstract
This article aims to identify and analyze the configuration of the power in the Governing Board of the Territory Northwest Noroeste Colonial-TC-Norc of Rio Grande do Sul, according to "Power Configuration" proposed by Allebrandt (2010), category from the perception of the members of the Governing Board, referring to the configuration of the power of the college, founded in processes to the participation of the individuals involved. The methodology chosen for this study was interviews with representatives of civil society, government, members of the governing core, core technical, sectoral and specialized advisory services, as well as participation in meetings by program and document analysis. The results showed that the composition of the college is guided by pluralism, because there is the involvement of government and civil society. We note that civil society participates in more assiduously power configuration, considering that through the Territories of Citizenship, found an opening to expose their yearnings. Already the government turned away when they did not receive all the resources they craved.
Desenvolvimento Regional: a comunicação organizacional como possibilidade de constituição da identidade dos sujeitos no Programa Catavida de Novo Hamburgo-RS / Regional development: the organizational communication as possibility for the constitution of the identity of the subjects in Programa Catavida of Novo Hamburgo-RS
Authors: Colpo Caroline Delevati , Oliveira Andreza Da Silva 
Published: February 2017

Resumo
Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o desenvolvimento regional por meio da comunicação organizacional do Programa Municipal de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Catavida na constituição da identidade dos catadores. O Programa Catavida foi criado e implantado pela Prefeitura Municipal de Novo Hamburgo-RS com o propósito de organizar a atividade de catação no município, e, nesse sentido, busca proporcionar aos catadores condições adequadas de trabalho, justa remuneração e consequente melhoria na qualidade de vida. O estudo, de caráter exploratório qualitativo e quantitativo, utilizou-se de técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica, documental, observação participante, questionários e entrevistas. Os questionários foram aplicados a 67 catadores e as entrevistas foram realizadas com 12 catadores. Dentre outros resultados, verificou-se que a comunicação organizacional do Programa Catavida interfere na constituição da identidade dos catadores, uma vez que hoje se sentem valorizados enquanto profissionais da catação. Quanto à contribuição do Programa para a vida dos catadores, pode-se constatar que a renda é o elemento mais importante na constituição de suas identidades.

Abstract
This study analyzes the regional development and formation of an identity for catadores (individuals that search through garbage seeking to identify and collect recyclable material) through the organizational communication of the Programa Municipal de Gestão de Resíduos Sólidos Catavida. The Programa Catavida was created and implemented by the city of Novo Hamburgo, RS with the intention of organizing catador activity in the city in order to provide them proper working conditions, fair pay and consequential improvement in quality of life. This is an exploratory study, qualitative and quantitative, and uses the techniques of bibliographical research, documentation, participant observation, questionnaires and interviews. Sixty-seven catadores responded to questionnaires, and twelve catadores were interviewed. The results of this study show that organizational communication of the Programa Catavida interfered the formation of a new identity among catadores due to the new value they felt as professionals in the community. As for the program's contribution to their lives, it may be seen that income is the most important element in the formation of their identities.
Transformações urbanas em Juiz de Fora-MG: a avenida Barão do Rio Branco e a história da cidade / Urban transformations in Juiz de Fora-MG: the Barão do Rio Branco avenue and the city's history
Authors: Colchete Filho Antonio Ferreira , Ribeiro Tiago Goretti , Nascimento Victor Hugo Godoy 
Published: February 2017

Resumo
A relação entre as cidades e os meios de locomoção nela introduzidos influenciam diretamente as características do espaço urbano ao longo dos anos de sua formação. Neste sentido, o presente artigo busca apresentar as intervenções ocorridas no espaço/tempo em Juiz de Fora/MG, sobretudo as relacionadas a avenida Barão do Rio Branco, com mais de 6 km de extensão no centro urbano, como potencialidade de evidenciar fatos e transformações vivenciadas pela cidade. Para tanto, abordou-se questões sobre o dimensionamento e características das vias como conformadoras do espaço urbano, apresentando documentos que registram desde a origem do município, formação, transformações e intervenções que se deram nesta avenida desde sua primeira formação em 1836. Os principais fatos foram organizados de forma cronológica e analisados com o viés urbanístico, verificando-se que grande parte destas intervenções estão relacionados à estrutura viária da área central da cidade, sobretudo a partir dos anos de 1970, quando as demandas por transporte urbano se intensificavam. A necessidade das intervenções na avenida como um reflexo do crescimento da população e de suas novas necessidades, confirmam a importância desta via no desenvolvimento do centro urbano do município.

Abstract
The relationship between cities and the means of locomotion within it directly influences the characteristics of urban space over the years of its formation. In this sense, this article aims to present the interventions occurred in the space/time in Juiz de Fora/MG, especially those related to Barão do Rio Branco Avenue, street with more than 6Km of extension that cuts through the inner city, as potential evidence of facts and changes experienced by the city. In order to do so, we address questions about the design and characteristics of the roads as conformers of the urban space, presenting documents that record, from the origin of the municipality, the formation, transformations and interventions that have taken place in this avenue since 1836. The main events were organized chronologically and analyzed with the urban approach, verifying that most of these interventions are related to the road structure of the central area of the city, especially since the 1970s, when the demand for urban transport was intensified. The need of interventions on the avenue as a reflection of the urbanization process and its changing needs, confirm the importance of this pathway in the development of the urban center of the city.