bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A(t) Home on the Frontier: Place, Narrative, and Material Culture in Caroline Kirkland and Eliza Farnham
Authors: Maruo-Schröder Nicole 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Particularly during the westward expansion, the frontier was not just a concrete site of conquest, exploration, and settlement but also a space of projection and imagination of (future) possibilities. People not only imagined the frontier in a variety of sometimes incompatible ways. They also used such imaginations to process and order their experience of the concrete, ‘real-life’ space so that the frontier becomes a space in which both, the lived and the imagined space, overlap and merge. This essay looks at how two popular antebellum writers used material objects and related cultural practices in their narrative construction of frontier space, arguing that, from this perspective, narrative space ceases to be only a property of the text and extends into the object world. Drawing on their own experience of life in the east, Caroline Kirkland and Eliza Farnham use gender- and class-based ideologies of taste and refinement to make the unknown space of the frontier meaningful and familiar, thus turning it from a mere place to live into something like a home. Such a use of material culture in the narrative construction of this space allows both writers to comment on and shape the ideological underpinnings of the frontier and, by extension, take part in the (narrative) construction of future America.
Space, Place, Narrative: Critical Regionalism and the Idea of Home in a Global Age
Authors: Benesch Klaus 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
How to become modern and, simultaneously, return to sources, how to integrate historical progress and the preservation and availability of cultural traditions has been variously described as a major dilemma of modernity. Underlying this dilemma are differing notions of home and of the role of places and regions in a staggeringly globalized, technology-driven civilization. Regionalist movements, such as Agrarianism in the South of the US, have thrived on their antipathy to a fast changing modern world; they have also promulgated a renewed sense of place and a return to regional history and traditions. The essay discusses critical regionalists’ celebration of the local and the region; in so doing it also looks at two representatives of opposing notions of home in modernity, Martin Heidegger and Emmanuel Levinas. Finally, it contends that it is primarily by way of narrative and storytelling that a sense of place, of being-in-the-world can be reconstructed.
Residual Symmetry and Explicit Soliton–Cnoidal Wave Interaction Solutions of the (2+1)-Dimensional KdV–mKdV Equation
Authors: Cheng Wenguang , Li Biao 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The truncated Painlevé method is developed to obtain the nonlocal residual symmetry and the Bäcklund transformation for the (2+1)-dimensional KdV–mKdV equation. The residual symmetry is localised after embedding the (2+1)-dimensional KdV–mKdV equation to an enlarged one. The symmetry group transformation of the enlarged system is computed. Furthermore, the (2+1)-dimensional KdV–mKdV equation is proved to be consistent Riccati expansion (CRE) solvable. The soliton–cnoidal wave interaction solution in terms of the Jacobi elliptic functions and the third type of incomplete elliptic integral is obtained by using the consistent tanh expansion (CTE) method, which is a special form of CRE.
Noble Negation: The Value of Linguistic Spaces in Dante's De vulgari eloquentia
Authors: Mehtonen P. M. , Vaahtera Jaana 
Published: March 2016

Riassunto: Cominciando dall'intrigante, per il lettore, descrizione del locale del primo Discorso, il De vulgari eloquentia di Dante Alighieri (c. 1304–1305) conduce chi lo legge attraverso una serie di ambigui commenti sui luoghi e spazi (curia, aula) legati al vernacolo illustre. Questo crea nuovi spazi linguistici nell'immaginazione del lettore: cammini paralleli del pensiero, congetture, suspence. Il presente saggio intende sostenere che l'affermazione e susseguente negazione – o denarrazione – dei luoghi, più o meno concreti, trasferisce la discussione di Dante, e ugualmente la lingua discussa, in uno spazio più astratto, dove la formalizzazione del volgare, o vernacolo illustre, si realizza.
L'ingegnosa funzione degli spazi alternativi che emerge risulta essere sotto stimata se essi devono essere ridotti puramente al risultato di singole metafore o alla riluttanza di Dante a prendere posizione in una controversia di carattere teologico sull'origine del linguaggio. Una simile variante di narrazione non affermativa rende possibile a Dante di assegnare all'illustre vernacolo un somigliante vuoto ontologico tra l'essere e il non essere come nel caso del riferimento biblico alle prime lingue umane. L'ambiguo spazio che di conseguenza risulta essere creato per il volgare illustre è il luogo dove il volgare può essere soggetto alla razionale investigazione dantesca.
Leukocyte Telomere Length in Newborns: Implications for the Role of Telomeres in Human Disease
Authors: Factor-Litvak Pam , Susser Ezra , Kezios Katrina , McKeague Ian , Kark Jeremy D. , Hoffman Matthew , Kimura Masayuki , Wapner Ronald , Aviv Abraham 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:
In adults, leukocyte telomere length (LTL) is variable, familial, and longer in women and in offspring conceived by older fathers. Although short LTL is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, long LTL is associated with major cancers. The prevailing notion is that LTL is a “telomeric clock,” whose movement (expressed in LTL attrition) reflects the pace of aging. Accordingly, individuals with short LTL are considered to be biologically older than their peers. Recent studies suggest that LTL is largely determined before adulthood. We examined whether factors that largely characterize LTL in adults also influence LTL in newborns.

METHODS:
LTL was measured in blood samples from 490 newborns and their parents.

RESULTS:
LTL (mean ± SD) was longer (9.50 ± 0.70 kb) in newborns than in their mothers (7.92 ± 0.67 kb) and fathers (7.70 ± 0.71 kb) (both P &lt; .0001); there was no difference in the variance of LTL among the 3 groups. Newborn LTL correlated more strongly with age-adjusted LTL in mothers (r = 0.47; P &lt; .01) than in fathers (r = 0.36; P &lt; .01) (P for interaction = .02). Newborn LTL was longer by 0.144 kb in girls than in boys (P = .02), and LTL was longer by 0.175 kb in mothers than in fathers (P &lt; .0001). For each 1-year increase in father’s age, newborn LTL increased by 0.016 kb (95% confidence interval: 0.04 to 0.28) (P = .0086).

CONCLUSIONS:
The large LTL variation across newborns challenges the telomeric clock model. Having inherently short or long LTL may be largely determined at birth, anteceding by decades disease manifestation in adults.
A multi-scale analysis of moisture supply associated with precipitation on Isla del Coco, Costa Rica
Authors: Durán-Quesada Ana María , Alfaro Eric J. 
Published: March 2016

<p>Wrapped by the Pacific waters and the mist of shipwrecks and pirates stories, one of the rainiest Eastern Pacific islands protects a biodiversity treasure: Isla del Coco. This study presents the analysis of moisture sources linked with contributions to precipitation in the area. The diurnal cycle of precipitation on the island was reviewed from GPS station data previously evaluated using available meteorological data from field campaigns held on the island in 2011 and 2012. Near-surface salinity patterns were also analyzed along with sea surface temperature, evaporation, Ongoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) as well as latent and sensible heat fluxes. Moisture contributions to precipitation on the island are supplied by evaporative sources, and moisture recycling is important. Regional precipitation is a continuous supply of moisture for the atmosphere whereas transport from evaporative sources is seasonally constrained. The analysis of the diurnal cycle of moisture supply suggests that contributions from available moisture linked with precipitation recycling show a slightly delayed response to deep convection in the region. The diurnal cycle of contributions to precipitation from evaporative moisture sources, based on the modeling component of the work, is consistent with the diurnal cycle of precipitation. The trajectory analysis remarks the role of the low level winds, the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) position and the stability conditions to modulate the supply of moisture. The moisture contributions from the sources present a different sensitivity to El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Contributions from precipitation recycling showed a large variability linked to ENSO as increasing contributions were determined to be related with El Niño during boreal summer and autumn months. The variability of the contributions from a North-east evaporative source is modulated by the response of the Caribbean Low Level Jet (CLLJ; Amador, 1998; Amador, 2008) to ENSO. The South-western evaporative source showed sensitivity to El Niño, as transport was found to decrease (increase) from November to March (May to July), meanwhile the response to La Niña was small. Good agreement amongst the ENSO response of the fields and the known dynamics of the region was found.</p><div> </div>
Ecosistemas coralinos del Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica: estructura y comparación 1987-2014
Authors: Alvarado Juan José , Beita-Jiménez Andrés , Mena Sebastián , Fernández-García Cindy , Guzman-Mora Ana Gloria , Cortés Jorge 
Published: March 2016

<p><strong> </strong>Isla del Coco has one of the most diverse and well-conserved coral reefs in Costa Rica. These reefs have been extensively studied since the 1980’s, however those studies focused mainly on coral coverage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the coral reefs of the island, not only by the coverage of the substrate but also the composition of fish, invertebrates and reef complexity. A total of 17 sites around the island were sampled in July 2013 and in February-March 2014. At each site, we evaluated three depths (4-8 m, 9-12 m and 13-16 m), where three 10m long transects were sampled. Turf algae was the predominant substrate cover with 38.18±5.58 %. The crustose calcareous algae (Order Corallinales) had a 28.12±5.85 % cover and live coral was 18.64±3.55 %, with <em>Porites lobata</em> as the main reef builder. A total of 18 taxa of macroinvertebrates were observed in the study sites, of which 56 % of the species were not abundant, 33 % were common, and the sea urchin <em>Diadema mexicanum</em> was the only dominant species. The density of lobsters of the genus <em>Panulirus</em> was 388±385 ind ha<sup>-1</sup>, which is the highest density reported in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. Also we observed high densities of the sea cucumber <em>Isostichopus fuscus</em> (550 ind ha<sup>-1</sup>), which has a high commercial value. We recorded 45 338 fish individuals, distributed in 93 species, with an average of 1.2±8.5 tn ha<sup>-1</sup>. From the total of species, 51 % were uncommon, 31 % common, 11 % predominant and 8 % occasional. The fish community at Isla del Coco is represented by a large number of carnivorous species, followed by top predators, herbivores and planktivorous species. According to the fish categories of the IUCN Red List, 16 % of species are in threatened categories and represent 25 % of the total sampled biomass. When comparing with studies carried out from 1987 to the present, the recovery in coral cover over time is evident, mainly due to: 1) a decrease in the pressure of the bioerosive action of <em>D. mexicanum</em>; and 2) the conservation actions that have been taken on the island. This has been translated in complex and more rugose reefs. Isla del Coco reefs are healthy, with functional and complex food webs; where species of high commercial value have large populations. The effectiveness of conservation and management activities in Isla del Coco has resulted in the recovery of the reef communities.</p>
First record of young-of-the-year Scalloped hammerhead shark, Sphyrna lewini (Carcharhiniformes: Sphyrnidae) from Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: Zanella Ilena , López-Garro Andrés , McComb-Kobza D. Michelle , Golfín-Duarte Geiner , Pérez-Montero Maikel , Morales Josué 
Published: March 2016

<p>The Scalloped hammerhead shark, <em>Sphyrna lewini</em> is a coastal and pelagic circumglobal species that resides within coastal warm temperate and tropical seas. <em>Sphyrna lewini</em> exhibits strong intraspecific segregation: neonates and young-of-the-year spend the first part of life in coastal inshore waters (nursery grounds), while adults migrate offshore, returning to protected nursery habitats for mating and pupping. On December 3, 2014, at approximately 19:00 hr, four young-of-the-year <em>S. lewini</em> were caught with hand line in Wafer Bay, Isla del Coco, Costa Rica (5°32’42.4” N - 87°03’45.3” W). A total of three males (total length (TL): 73, 73, 76 cm) and one female (TL: 75 cm) were recorded. The presence of these individuals at Isla del Coco suggests that a pregnant female gave birth in or near Wafer Bay, which may be a nursery ground for <em>S. lewini</em>. We recommend further study to evaluate the presence and movements of young-of-the-year and juvenile <em>S. lewini</em> in Wafer Bay to determine if this was an isolated incident or if the bay is a nursery ground for <em>S. lewini</em>.</p><div> </div>
New records of heterobranch sea slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Isla del Coco National Park, Costa Rica
Authors: García-Méndez Kimberly , Camacho-García Yolanda E. 
Published: March 2016

<p>The molluscan fauna of Isla del Coco has recently been well documented, but the heterobranch sea slugs, traditionally called “opisthobranchs”, remain poorly known. We report 13 new records, increasing the total to 40 species. Of the 13 newly discovered species, the following species had not been previously recorded along the Pacific Costa Rican mainland: <em>Berthella californica </em>(Dall, 1900), <em>Peltodoris rubra</em> (Bergh, 1905), <em>Dendrodoris albobrunnea </em>Allan, 1933, <em>Doriopsilla</em> cf. <em>spaldingi </em>Valdés &amp; Behrens, 1998, <em>Glaucus</em> cf. <em>marginatus</em> (Reinhardt &amp; Bergh, 1864), and <em>Flabellina</em> sp. Additionally, we report <em>Peltodoris rubra</em>, previously known from the Indo-Pacific, for the first time in the Eastern Tropical Pacific.</p><div> </div>
La pesca ilegal en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica
Authors: López-Garro Andrés , Zanella Ilena , Martínez Frank , Golfín-Duarte Geiner , Pérez-Montero Maikel 
Published: March 2016

<p><strong> </strong>Isla del Coco National Park (ICNP), Costa Rica, is renowned for its large aggregations of pelagic species, especially sharks (Carcharhinidae and Sphyrnidae), billfish (Istiophoridae) and tuna (Scombridae). The high abundance of these sought after species, attracts commercial fishing vessels that enter the protected waters of the Park. Illegal fisheries thus represent one of the biggest threats to the ecological integrity of this World Heritage Site. The ICNP dedicates important resources to protection and control via regular surveillance patrols, along the 12 nautical miles that have Marine Protected Area (MPA) status. During 2012, 2013 and between January and August 2014, 405 surveillance patrols within the MPA found 108 fishing lines, more than 13 000 hooks, seized more than 500 km of fishing line and 257 pelagic individuals. The yellowfin tuna (<em>Thunnus albacares</em>) was the most abundant species, representing more than 72.3 % of the total catch; seized individuals had a mean total length of 153.35±23.19 cm (Min=90 cm; Max=190 cm); which indicates that most individuals were adults. Analysis of monthly CPUE showed that the highest relative abundance of illegally caught <em>T. albacores</em> was between May and August of each year, with a mean relative abundance of 26.13±54.71, 11.63±23.79, 13.71±24.52 tunas per 1 000 hooks in 2012, 2013, 2014, respectively. This species had a high survival rate (nearly 80 % of the individuals found on the lines were still alive), probably due to the short fishing lines used by illegal fishermen, combined with the swift intervention of rangers. The CPUE of <em>T. albacares</em> found in this study is greater than records in Costa Rica’s Exclusive Economic Zone (0.74 and 0.44 per 1 000 hooks respectively). These results highlight the importance of ICNP as an aggregation site for <em>T. albacares</em> and the need for its effective protection. It is important that ranger intervention continue to be as rapid and effective as possible, in order to decrease the impact of illegal fishing on the marine biodiversity of the ICNP. </p><div> </div>
Políticas Públicas: Visión general y realidad en el Parque Nacional Isla del Coco, Costa Rica
Authors: Moreno-Díaz Mary Luz 
Published: March 2016

<p>Costa Rica has a set of policies emerged from a process of improvement and analysis of previous instruments and the need to consolidate the management of the Wildlife Protected Areas of the country. In this article, we review the overall framework of public policies, what it means and what it should cover; and finish with a review the overall policy framework of protected areas in Costa Rica with a focus on its application in Isla del Coco National Park. Policies must be improved, including budget, indicators and verification.</p><div> </div>
Técnicas de ejecución de la guitarra flamenca: Historia, desarrollo, aporte y mecanismos
Authors: Rodríguez Castillo Ramonet 
Published: March 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>Este artículo elabora una breve reseña histórica de la guitarra flamenca. Se acerca a sus más destacados guitarristas, nos habla sobre su evolución y su desarrollo técnico. Además, se centra en los principales mecanismos técnicos, cada uno ejemplificado con su respectiva partitura para una mejor comprensión, escudriñando dentro de ellos para revelar sus cimientos, entender sus cualidades y descubrir sus secretos. </span></p></div></div></div>
Perspectivas y percepciones de libertad en las Américas
Authors: Pacheco Gilda 
Published: March 2016

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span>El siguiente artículo analiza las perspectivas y percepciones del concepto de libertad esbozadas en canciones populares provenientes de las tres Américas y compuestas en la década de los años 80. Desde un enfoque comparativo literario, en donde las canciones se visualizan como poemas, y complementado por teorías culturales, diferencias y similitudes de esta temática son expuestas y estudiadas para lograr una mejor comprensión de diversas culturas. </span></p></div></div></div>
Input Enhancement through Using Author’s Biography: The Impact on Iranian EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension Ability across Gender
Authors: Rahmani Ayda 
Published: March 2016

This study aims to investigate whether enhancing input through author’s biography affect Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension ability across gender or not. To answer, a proficiency test of OPT was administered to a total of 120 male and female learners. Then 60 homogenous subjects, with the same English proficiency, were selected. The 60 participants were assigned into 4 groups randomly i.e. experimental male, experimental female, control male, control female. The study includes a pre-posttest design with 4 groups. The female and male experimental groups went through the treatment and finally the four groups were given a posttest. Finally, descriptive and inferential statistics (A paired- samples t-test and a two-way ANOVA) were applied to analyze the statistical data. The findings indicated that input enhancement through author’s biography does affect Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension ability and male participants outperformed female participants.
ANÁLISES DO PERFIL BACTERIOLÓGICO DAS ÁGUAS DO RIBEIRÃO DAS ANTAS, NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMBUÍ-MG, COMO INDICADOR DE SAÚDE E IMPACTO AMBIENTAL
Authors: Carvalho da Silva Cláudio , Da Silva Ednei Aparecido , De Toledo Luis Américo , Gomes Lima Miriam Aparecida , Moreira Regiane , Cândido Marcos Roberto , Ritá Fabrício Dos Santos , Santos Claudiomir Silva 
Published: March 2016

O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar sob o ponto de vista microbiológico as águas do Ribeirão das Antas no Município de Cambuí-MG, como indicador de saúde e impacto ambiental. Como objetivos específicos de detectar a presença de coliformes termotolerantes e a presença da espécie Escherichia coli. A pesquisa é, também, pioneira, sendo precursora de estudos futuros para esta área e local, analisando de forma inédita o curso do rio citado. Os resultados foram comparados com os padrões previstos pelo Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente - CONAMA 357/05 e mostraram que o rio apresenta altos níveis de Bactérias Heterotróficas, nos pontos 3 e 4 e também elevado número de Coliformes Termotolerantes e Totais bem como a presença de Escherichia coli, nos pontos 2, 3 e 4. Esses valores são provenientes das atividades agropecuárias, lançamento de esgoto sem tratamento no rio, falta de mata ciliar entre outros. Medidas como a coleta e tratamento de esgoto na região, e a proposta de uma conscientização ambiental da população seriam uma busca para melhoria da qualidade da água do manancial, bem como o monitoramento bacteriológico e demais parâmetros para a classificação do Ribeirão junto ao CONAMA.
Bactérias e fungos benéficos na endosfera das plantas
Authors: Barbosa Julierme Zimmer , Consalter Rangel , Vezzani Fabiane Machado , Motta Antonio Carlos Vargas 
Published: March 2016

No solo, a região da rizosfera em comparação com a massa de solo apresenta marcado contraste biológico, sendo um nicho de grande densidade e diversidade de microorganismos. Alguns fungos e bactérias benéficos ao desenvolvimento vegetal têm capacidade de colonizar o interior de plantas a partir do solo, conhecidos como organismos endofíticos. Possivelmente sejam as bactérias nodulíferas, com sua reconhecida capacidade de fixar N em leguminosas as mais conhecidas. Bactérias não nodulíferas tem a capacidade de colonizar o interior das raízes das plantas através de regiões de crescimento, em seguida, podem ser carregadas via xilema rumo à parte aérea. Podem ser encontrados em todos os órgãos vegetais, todavia, poucos estudos têm analisado as populações que transitam no continuum solo-planta até atingir caules, folhas, flores, frutos e sementes. O ultimo grupo de organismos endofíticos apresentado é o grupo dos fungos micorrízicos, esses se caracterizam como um sistema de exploração do solo paralelo ao sistema radicular que, com diâmetro extremamente reduzido conseguem minar um grande volume de solo com pequena alocação de C, o que é extremamente benéfico na aquisição de nutrientes, também podem ser benéficos em condições abióticas adversas. Em adição, alguns fungos endofíticos benéficos também podem colonizar órgãos aéreos das plantas. As interações microbiológicas que ocorrem na endosfera são altamente complexas, simultâneas e dependentes de uma série de fatores, assim seu entendimento é de fundamental importância à aplicação prática dos conhecimentos acerca de microorganismos endofíticos em agrossistemas.
La confianza en las zonas mineras de Antioquia, Bolívar y Córdoba
Authors: Silva Santiago , Eslava Adolfo , Preciado Andrés , Zapata Oswaldo , Correa Laura , Giraldo Jorge 
Published: March 2016

<p>La corrupción es un fenómeno universal, pero muchas sociedades han contrarrestado sus efectos negativos mediante políticas públicas y esfuerzos sociales que promueven la transparencia y los valores sociales. Este artículo examina los arreglos microinstitucionales de las zonas mineras de Antioquia, Bolívar y Córdoba, y su relación con la corrupción. Los resultados sugieren que las reglas formales e informales y los atributos de estas comunidades desalientan la confianza entre sus miembros e incentivan las prácticas corruptas.</p><p> </p>