bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Osteoblasts remotely supply lung tumors with cancer-promoting SiglecFhighneutrophils
Authors: Engblom Camilla , Pfirschke Christina , Zilionis Rapolas , Da Silva Martins Janaina , Bos Stijn A. , Courties Gabriel , Rickelt Steffen , Severe Nicolas , Baryawno Ninib , Faget Julien , Savova Virginia , Zemmour David , Kline Jaclyn , Siwicki Marie , Garris Christopher , Pucci Ferdinando , Liao Hsin-Wei , Lin Yi-Jang , Newton Andita , Yaghi Omar K. , Iwamoto Yoshiko , Tricot Benoit , Wojtkiewicz Gregory R. , Nahrendorf Matthias , Cortez-Retamozo Virna , Meylan Etienne , Hynes Richard O. , Demay Marie , Klein Allon , Bredella Miriam A. , Scadden David T. , Weissleder Ralph , Pittet Mikael J. 
Published: November 2017

A bona fide portrayal of tumor growthBone has a well-established role in advanced cancer. It provides a supportive microenvironment for the growth of metastatic cells that escape the primary tumor, which ultimately leads to loss of bone mass. Engblomet al.show that bone may also contribute to early-stage tumorigenesis through a mechanism that leads to an increase in bone mass (see the Perspective by Zhang and Lyden). In mouse models of lung adenocarcinoma, primary tumor cells remotely activated bone-resident cells called osteoblasts, which have a bone-building function. The activated osteoblasts in turn triggered production of a certain type of neutrophil that infiltrates the primary tumor and promotes its growth. Patients with early-stage lung cancer were also found to have an increase in bone density, consistent with the findings in mice.Science, this issue p.eaal5081; see also p.1127
Individual and partnership factors associated with anticipated versus actual partner notification following STI diagnosis among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women in Lima, Peru
Authors: Braun Hannan M , Segura Eddy R , Lake Jordan E , Gandhi Monica , Rios Jessica , Villaran Manuel V , Sanchez Jorge , Lama Javier R , Clark Jesse L 
Published: November 2017

ObjectivesA detailed understanding of intentions and practices related to partner notification (PN) following STI diagnosis can improve control strategies. We assessed participant-level and partner-level factors guiding notification behaviour among men who have sex with men and/or with transgender women (MSM-TW) in Lima, Peru, including discordances between anticipated and actual notification.MethodsMen newly diagnosed with gonorrhoea, chlamydia and/or syphilis between 2012 and 2014 reported recent partners’ characteristics, anticipated PN practices, and actual PN outcomes following diagnosis. Generalised estimating equation Poisson regression analyses assessed factors guiding PN outcomes.ResultsParticipants (n=150) predominantly identified as homosexual (70%) and moderno (versatile sexual role, 55%); 55% of partners (n=402) were casual. Among all sexual partners, 35% were notified of the STI diagnosis, though only 51% of predicted PN occurred and 26% of actual notifications were unanticipated. 47% of participants notified no partners, while 24% notified all partners. PN was more common with stable versus casual (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR), 95% CI: 0.53, 0.39 to 0.73) or commercial (aPR, 95% CI: 0.38, 0.12 to 1.21) partners, and among participants who perceived PN as normative among their peers (aPR, 95% CI: 1.96, 1.37 to 2.82). A trend towards greater notification following condom-protected intercourse was observed (aPR, 95% CI: 1.33, 0.98 to 1.81). PN frequency did not differ by type of STI diagnosed.Anticipated notification predicted actual notification (aPR, 95% CI: 1.67, 1.19 to 2.33) only imperfectly: 81 (54%) participants’ PN practices did not match their anticipated behaviour. Successful notification despite anticipated silence (40 participants, 63 partners) was associated with stable partnerships and a normative perception of PN. Non-notification despite intention (43 participants, 73 partners) frequently occurred among participants reporting exclusively oral sex with the partner or with partners identified as activo (insertive role).ConclusionsAnticipated notification imperfectly reflects actual PN behaviour. Future interventions to improve PN among MSM-TW in Peru need to acknowledge partnership contexts.
Blocking the Feedback Loop between Neuroendocrine Differentiation and Macrophages Improves the Therapeutic Effects of Enzalutamide (MDV3100) on Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Chao , Peng Guang , Huang Hai , Liu Fei , Kong De-Pei , Dong Ke-Qin , Dai Li-He , Zhou Zhe , Wang Kai-Jian , Yang Jun , Cheng Yan-Qiong , Gao Xu , Qu Min , Wang Hong-Ru , Zhu Feng , Tian Qin-Qin , Liu Dan , Cao Li , Cui Xin-Gang , Xu Chuan-Liang , Xu Dan-Feng , Sun Ying-Hao 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Purpose: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), including enzalutamide, induces resistance in prostate cancer; ADT resistance is associated with neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAM). This study aimed to investigate the association between enzalutamide-induced NED and TAMs and its mechanism.
Experimental Design: The association between enzalutamide-induced NED and TAMs was investigated by IHC using prostate cancer tissues, enzalutamide-resistant mouse xenografts, and a coculture system. The underlying mechanisms were assessed using in vitro cytokine antibody arrays, ELISAs, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and other methods. An orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model was established to evaluate the in vivo effects of combined IL6 receptor (IL6R) and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) inhibition on enzalutamide resistance.
Results: High CD163 expression was observed in ADT-treated prostate cancer or castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) tissues with high levels of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and chromogranin A (CHGA) and in enzalutamide-resistant xenografts, indicating the crucial roles of NED and TAMs in enzalutamide resistance. Specifically, enzalutamide-induced HMGB1 expression facilitated TAM recruitment and polarization and drove NED via β-catenin stabilization. HMGB1-activated TAMs secreted IL6 to augment enzalutamide-induced NED and directly promote HMGB1 transcription via STAT3. Finally, inhibition of the IL6/STAT3 pathway by tocilizumab combined with HMGB1 knockdown inhibited enzalutamide-induced resistance in an orthotopic prostate cancer mouse model.
Conclusions: Enzalutamide elevates HMGB1 levels, which recruits and activates TAMs. Moreover, IL6 secreted by HMGB1-activated TAMs facilitates the enzalutamide-induced NED of prostate cancer, forming a positive feedback loop between NED in prostate cancer and TAMs. The combined inhibition of IL6R and HMGB1 may serve as a new treatment for enzalutamide resistance in patients with advanced or metastatic prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 24(3); 708–23. ©2017 AACR.
Molecular Ultrasound Imaging of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A Depicts Acute Alterations in Blood Flow and Early Endothelial Dysregulation
Authors: Curaj Adelina , Wu Zhuojun , Rix Anne , Gresch Oliver , Sternkopf Marieke , Alampour-Rajabi Setareh , Lammers Twan , van Zandvoort Marc , Weber Christian , Koenen Rory R. , Liehn Elisa A. , Kiessling Fabian 
Published: November 2017

Objective—
The junctional adhesion molecule A (JAM-A) is physiologically located in interendothelial tight junctions and focally redistributes to the luminal surface of blood vessels under abnormal shear and flow conditions accompanying atherosclerotic lesion development. Therefore, JAM-A was evaluated as a target for molecularly targeted ultrasound imaging of transient endothelial dysfunction under acute blood flow variations.

Approach and Results—

Flow-dependent endothelial dysfunction was induced in apolipoprotein E–deficient mice (n=43) by carotid partial ligation. JAM-A expression was investigated by molecular ultrasound using antibody-targeted poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) microbubbles and validated with immunofluorescence. Flow disturbance and arterial remodeling were assessed using functional ultrasound. Partial ligation led to an immediate drop in perfusion at the ligated side and a direct compensatory increase at the contralateral side. This was accompanied by a strongly increased JAM-A expression and JAM-A–targeted microbubbles binding at the partially ligated side and by a moderate and temporary increase in the contralateral artery (≈14× [
P
<0.001] and ≈5× [
P
<0.001] higher than control, respectively), both peaking after 2 weeks. Subsequently, although JAM-A expression and JAM-A–targeted microbubbles binding persisted at a higher level at the partially ligated side, it completely normalized within 4 weeks at the contralateral side.

Conclusions—
Temporary blood flow variations induce endothelial rearrangement of JAM-A, which can be visualized using JAM-A–targeted microbubbles. Thus, JAM-A may be considered as a marker of acute endothelial activation and dysfunction. Its imaging may facilitate the early detection of cardiovascular risk areas, and it enables the therapeutic prevention of their progression toward an irreversible pathological state.
Noncardiovascular Disease and Critical Care Delivery in a Contemporary Cardiac and Medical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Goldfarb Michael , van Diepen Sean , Liszkowski Mark , Jentzer Jacob C. , Pedraza Isabel , Cercek Bojan 
Published: November 2017

Background: Noncardiovascular comorbidities and critical illness are increasing in cardiovascular intensive care units (CICUs). There are limited data comparing critical care delivery, resource utilization, and costs between contemporary CICUs and medical intensive care units (MICUs). Methods: All CICU (n = 6967; 22 748 patient-days) and MICU (n = 10 892; 39 211 patient-days) admissions to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, a tertiary care academic medical center, between January 2011 and December 2016 were reviewed. Both the CICU and MICU admitted patients for primary cardiovascular or medical conditions during the study period, but not for postoperative surgical care. Results: Patients admitted to the CICU were more frequently older, male, and had more preexisting cardiac disease ( P < .0001). More than one-fifth (21.4%) of CICU patients had a noncardiovascular primary admission diagnosis, compared to 89.2% of MICU patients. Cardiovascular intensive care unit patients had lower Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III scores (51.1 [19.9] vs 61.1 [24.9], P < .0001) and shorter median hospital length of stay ( P < .001), but not in-unit stay, as compared to MICU patients. Mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, inotropes, renal replacement therapy, and/or blood transfusion were required in 35.0% of CICU patients compared with 62.2% of MICU patients ( P < .0001). The unit mortality rate was lower for CICU than MICU patients (4.8% vs 13.0%, P < .0001), as was the hospital mortality rate (9.3% vs 21.6%, P < .0001). The standardized mortality ratio was 0.73 for the CICU and 0.86 for the MICU. There was no difference in the mean direct cost of care per patient-day between the CICU and MICU ($4011 USD [376] vs $3990 USD [214], P = .77). Conclusions: The burden of noncardiovascular diseases and the requirement for critical care therapies are high in contemporary CICU patients but remain lower compared to the MICU population. Our findings support the growing complexity of care in tertiary CICUs. Further studies are required to explore the association between critical care delivery and outcomes in this evolving population.
The Accuracy of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System for the Assessment of Depression in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Boonyathee Sorawit , Nagaviroj Kittiphon , Anothaisintawee Thunyarat 
Published: November 2017

Background: Depression is a common health problem among patients with cancer. The Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS) is one of many tools that have been used to evaluate depression in these patients. Nevertheless, the diagnostic performance and the appropriate cutoff point of the ESAS for the assessment of depression in these patients have varied in the studies. Purpose: To determine the diagnostic accuracy and the optimal cutoff point for the ESAS for the assessment of depression in patients with cancer. Data Sources: PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and Cochrane library databases from inception to September 18, 2016. Study Selection: Paired reviewers independently screened abstracts and full-text articles for all cross-sectional studies published in English and compared these with the ESAS in the depression (ESAS-D) subscale with reference to standard tests for the assessment of depression. Data Extraction: Two reviewers serially abstracted the data and independently assessed the risk of bias by using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies 2. Data Synthesis: A total of 6 studies were eligible for review. Our meta-analysis showed the optimal cutoff point of the ESAS-D ≥ 4, with pooled sensitivity and specificity at 53% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38%-67%) and 90% (95% CI: 82%-94%), respectively. The positive likelihood ratio and diagnostic odds ratio of the ESAS-D ≥ 4 were 5.2 (95% CI: 3.1-8.6) and 10 (95% CI: 5-19). There was a high degree of heterogeneity between the studies ( P value <.001, I2 = 96%). Conclusion: We suggest that an ESAS-D ≥ 4 could be used to detect possible cases of depression in patients with cancer. Registration: Our study protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews on October 4, 2016, and was last updated on January 11, 2017 (registration number CRD42016048288).
Development and Evaluation of a Continuing Education Program for Nursing Technicians at a Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit in a Developing Country
Authors: Borim Bruna Cury , Croti Ulisses A. , Silveira Patricia C. , De Marchi Carlos H. , Moscardini Airton C. , Hickey Patricia , Jenkins Kathy 
Published: November 2017

Background: The nursing profession faces continuous transformations demonstrating the importance of professional continuing education to extend knowledge following technological development without impairing quality of care. Nursing assistants and technicians account for nearly 80% of nursing professionals in Brazil and are responsible for uninterrupted patient care. Extensive knowledge improvement is needed to achieve excellence in nursing care. The objective was to develop and evaluate a continuing education program for nursing technicians at a pediatric cardiac intensive care unit (PCICU) using a virtual learning environment entitled EDUCATE. Methods: From July to September 2015, a total of 24 nursing technicians working at the PCICU at a children’s hospital located in the northwestern region of São Paulo state (Brazil) fully participated in the continuing education program developed in a virtual learning environment using Wix platform, allowing access to video classes and pre- and post-training theoretical evaluation questionnaires outside the work environment. The evaluation tools recorded participants’ knowledge evolution, technological difficulties, educational, and overall rating. Results: Knowledge development was descriptively presented as positive in more than 66.7%. Content and training were considered “excellent” by most participants and 90% showed an interest in the use of technological resources. Technical difficulties were found and quickly resolved by 40% of participants including Internet access, login, and lack of technical expertise. Conclusion: The continuing education program using a virtual learning environment positively contributed to the improvement in theoretical knowledge of nursing technicians in PCICU.
Clinicoepidemiological Profile of Elderly PLHIV Attending a Tertiary Care Center in South India
Authors: Madi Deepak , Ramakrishnan Neha , Unnikrishnan Bhaskaran , Ramapuram John , Achappa Basavaprabhu , Rathi Priya 
Published: November 2017

Background: Physicians are coming across a considerable number of HIV-positive patients belonging to older age-group, in practice. They pose a challenge as they might present with advanced forms and comorbid conditions. We aimed to describe the clinicoepidemiological profile of elderly people living with HIV. Methodology: We conducted a cross-sectional study at Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. We analyzed the record of 120 patients from 2009 to 2014. Descriptive statistics were used to describe sociodemographic and clinical profile of patients. Results: Of 786 HIV-positive patients, 120 were elderly. Mean age was 55.9 ± 6.1 years. Majority 68% were male. In all, 63.33% were male. Commonest route of transmission was heterosexual intercourse, most presented at World Health Organization (WHO) stage 1 (64.17%). In all, 77.5% had hypertension and 26.6% had tuberculosis. The median CD4 count at presentation was 245 cells/mm3 (145-426 cells/mm3). Forty-two percent were late presenters (CD4 <200 cells/mm3). Conclusion: Treating physician should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing HIV among elderly age-group.
Electronic Phase Shifting in Multipulse Rectifier
Authors: Sokol Yevgen I. , Zamaruiev Volodymyr V. , Ivakhno Volodymyr V. , Voitovych Yurii S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper presents a novel converter which can reduce the harmonics like the conventional multipulse converters with input three phase transformer. To reduce total harmonic distortion of input current and improve the weight and size of converters, it is suggested to use multi-pulse rectifiers with an electronic phase shift. The basic module is a 6-pulse rectifier on fully controlled switches with the reverse blocking ability. Switching frequency either coincides or is twice the power frequency. The proposed solutions allow refusing from the electromagnetic phase-shifting devices (power transformers or auto-transformers) and thereby significantly reduce the weight of the device. Unlike power factor correction systems with high-frequency modulation, the proposed converters are significantly different, as they have better electromagnetic compatibility and the virtual absence of dynamic switching losses of power switches.
An Experimental Study of Ground-Based Equipment Real Time Data Transfer Possibility by Using Cellular Networks
Authors: Brodņevs Deniss , Kutins Aleksandrs 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
An expanding mobile cellular network data transfer service offers cheaper wireless solutions for various data transfer needs. This paper presents an experimental testing of data transfer performance in 3G and 4G modes. The purpose of testing was to check the possibility of real-time and critical data transfer over the mobile cellular networks. The testing was performed in Riga in July and August 2016 using the most popular mobile service operators in Latvia: Tele2-LV, BITE-LV and LMT. The testing confirmed that the overload of Riga’s 4G networks causes serious service deterioration or even interruption. Riga’s 3G networks are more stable. However, 3G network service quality depends on a cell load. Lightly loaded 3G network meets real-time data transfer requirements of 100 ms one-way delay of the small packet traffic.
Ultra Low Power Design for Digital CMOS Circuits Operating Near Threshold
Authors: Kalra Shruti , Bhattacharyya Amalendu B. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Circuits operating in the subthreshold region are synonymous to low energy operation. However, the penalty in performance is colossal. In this paper, we investigate how designing in moderate inversion region recuperates some of that lost performance, while remaining very near to the minimum energy point. An power based minimum energy delay modeling that is continuous over the weak, moderate, and strong inversion regions is presented. The value of α is obtained through interpolation following EKV model. The effect of supply voltage and device sizing on the minimum energy and performance is determined. The proposed model is utilized to design a temperature to time generator at 32nm technology node as the application of the proposed model. The abstract goes here.
Fantastic reversals of time: Representations of ageing in the fantastic mode
Authors: Hartung Heike 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe focus of the essay is the question how the genre of fantasy affects age narratives in terms of the representation of old age. Analyzing George McDonald’s “Little Daylight” (1864), Mary Elizabeth Braddon’s “Good Lady Ducayne” (1896) and F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “The curious case of Benjamin Button” (1921), I will argue that the mode of the fantastic serves to open up alternative visions of time and ageing. These age fantasies serve different cultural functions, both by reinforcing contemporary age stereotypes and by envisioning possible counter-narratives of old age. On a discursive level, I will compare the problems with representing old age, its contradictions and ambiguities, to the internal oppositions of the fantastic genre.
Thermodynamic properties of Al in ternary lead-free solder Al-Sn-Zn alloys
Authors: Odusote Yisau A. , Popoola Adewumi I. , Adedayo Kayode D. , Ogunjo Samuel T. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThermodynamic properties of Al were calculated using the molecular interaction volume model (MIVM) by analyzing the activities of components in the constitutive binary Al-Sn, Al-Zn and Sn-Zn subsystems of the ternary lead-free solder Al-Sn-Zn systems. The activities of Al content in the ternary system at three cross-sections with constant molar ratios of Sn:Zn = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:2, respectively, were calculated and compared with available experimental data at 973 K. Based on the agreement between the calculated activity values and corresponding literature data for Al-Sn-Zn alloys and their subsystems, the activity of Al content in the ternary Al-Sn-Zn system was estimated at the same cross-sections and mole ratios in the temperature range of 1073 K to 1373 K, respectively. It has been observed through the computed activity values of Al that the thermodynamic properties of the ternary Al-Sn-Zn systems do not change appreciably with temperature across the molar sections.
Relationship between the quality of life and the meaning of life in cancer patient
Authors: Majerníková Ľudmila , Obročníková Andrea 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

Aim. The goal of the study was focused on examining the impact of meaningfulness of life on the quality of life in cancer patients.

Methods. The selection of respondents was deliberate. The study involved together one hundred cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy (chemotherapy, radiotherapy) in cancer care centers in the Prešov and Košice regions. We used two standardized World Health Organisation questionnaires WHOQOL-BREF 26 and The Life Meaningfulness Scale (LMS).

Results. The results show statistical significance (p <.001) between LMS dimensions and total score of LMS, a positive correlation (p <.001) was found between the dimensions of the LMS and factors - religiosity, social support, older age, female gender. A higher sense of life our sample was observable in the population of women with cancer, in patients with a higher level of social support and in religious patients. A positive correlation was recorded in terms of the meaning of life impact on the quality of life in relation to overall score LMS and in relation to Domain 2 Survival as well as Domain 3 Social relationships (p <.05) and Q2 Satisfaction with health (p <.001).

Conclusions. The study indicates the presence of relationship between the quality of life and the meaning of life in cancer patients. The results could form the basis for implementing strategies in oncological nursing practice.