bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical modeling of clamp load relaxation of plastic nuts under varying moisture and fiber content
Authors: Wippermann Jan , Meschut Gerson 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study presents a numerical approach using a 3D finite element model to quantify the remaining clamp load of a plastic nut joint after a specific time. The viscoelastic relaxation of a thermoplastic nut, which is predominantly screwed on a welding stud, is described by a material card using Prony Series. Prony Series are derived from experimental Dynamical Mechanical Analysis with different moisture and fiber contents of the thermoplastic. Since plastic nuts usually do not have preformed threads, the increased temperatures and resulting stresses from the thread-forming process are considered in the simulation. Firstly, the FE model is verified by substrate stress relaxation tests. Subsequently, experimental clamp load measurements with miniature compression load cells verify the clamp load prediction. Finally, the developed model is used to analyze the clamp load distribution within the threads.
Enhancing Far-Field Speech Recognition with Mixer: A Novel Data Augmentation Approach
Authors: Niu Tong , Chen Yaqi , Qu Dan , Hu Hengbo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Recent advancements in End-to-end (E2E) modeling have notably improved automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems; however, far-field speech recognition (FSR) remains challenging due to signal degradation from factors such as low signal-to-noise ratio, reverberation, and interfering sounds. This requires richer training data and multi-channel speech enhancement. To address this gap, we introduce Mixer, a novel data augmentation technique designed to further enhance the performance of large-scale pre-trained models for FSR. Mixer interpolates and mixes feature representations of speech samples and their corresponding losses, extending the MixSpeech framework to intermediate layers of Whisper. Additionally, we propose Mixer-C, which further leverages multi-channel information by combining speech from different microphone channels using a channel selector. Experimental results demonstrate that Mixer significantly outperforms existing methods, including SpecAugment, achieving a relative word error rate (WER) reduction of 3.6% compared to the baseline. Furthermore, Mixer-C offers an additional WER improvement of 2.2%, showcasing its efficacy in improving FSR accuracy.
Assessment of zinc toxicity and tolerance in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars using physiological, biochemical and metabolomic responses
Authors: ullah shakir , Li Xingfan , Salam Uzma , Elateeq Ahmed A. , Ri Ilbong , Li Dewen , Seleiman Mahmoud F. , Guo Xiaorui , Tang Zhonghua 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Aims: Zinc (Zn) is an essential microelement that plants need for appropriate growth and development. However, high concentrations may hamper the physio-chemical and metabolic processes and weaken plant growth. This study aims to broadly explore the relative tolerance of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars, and examine their physiological, biochemical, and metabolomics responses under various Zn levels.
Methods: Three chickpea cultivars: ICCV89310 (IC8), NC234 (NC2), and ICCV89323-B (IC8-B) were exposed to different Zn levels (Ck, 50, 100, and 150 µM) for one week in a hydroponic medium. Growth and physiological indices, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes activity, and osmolytes content were detected. Primary metabolites profile and accumulation of Zn were assessed using GC-MS and ICP-OES, respectively.
Results: IC8 and NC2 cultivars exhibited more tolerance than IC8-B because of their high biomass and plant height, root-to-shoot ratio, shoot water, and chlorophyll contents under high Zn stress. Besides, Zn contents were higher in the root of IC8-B, while IC8 and NC2 showed high accumulation in the shoot. Under Zn stress, there was an increase in the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL). Additionally, Zn supplementation positively regulated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and osmolytes (proline, soluble sugars, and total protein), but catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductases (GR) were differential in response to Zn stress. Simultaneously, metabolomics profiling revealed forty-six responsive metabolites in IC8, NC2, and IC8-B, mainly consisting of organic acids, amino acids, amines, alcohols, and sugars.
Conclusion: Cultivars IC8 and NC2 displayed superior tolerance to Zn stress compared to IC8-B, showcasing robust growth characteristics and biochemical responses. The relative tolerance potential of IC8 and NC2 may be attributed to different adaptive strategies, such as a well-developed profile of responsive metabolites, such as histidine, asparagine, tryptophan, allantoin and antioxidants. Hence, cultivar IC8-B maybe utilized as a control cultivar under Zn stress to evaluate other chickpeas' tolerance capacity. Besides, IC8 and NC2 can be suggested as promising candidates for Zn-contaminated soil.
MPPT with Fixed voltage control method for single phase Grid connected solar PV system
Authors: Nenavath Shanker. N , L E. Sri , Ra K.Srinibasa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

A maximum power point Tracking(MPPT) technique plays a vital role to extract the maximum power from the solar PV array under variable weather conditions. This paper presents a new maximum power point tracking algorithm based Fixed voltage control method for single phase grid connected solar PV system and Double stage grid connected converters such as DC-DC Boost converter,DC-AC Inverter parameters have been Obseved.In the Inverter circuit output is connected with L,LC and LCL passive filters and grid parameters also studied, observed The main advantage of this algorithm comes from its ability to predict the approximate amplitude with the reference voltage wave forms or power that can be derived from the PV array with the help of constant voltage at variable conditions. In this Fixed voltage control method at different irradiance and temperature conditions the permissible grid parameters such as voltage,current,real,reactive power and THD's have been implemented in Simlink/MATLAB.
Interrogative approaches identify causes of physical impairment in those affected by post- COVID-19 morbidity (Long COVID) - an international multicenter observational study- Protocol).
Authors: Maden-Wilkinson Thomas , Ashton Ruth , Owen Rebecca , Thomas Callum , Kumar Sundar , Cemal Ozemak , Ross Arena , Rachita Gururaj , Nikolaus Kudiersky , Thomas Parkington , Caroline Dalton , Copeland Robert , Paul Ansdell , Hume Emily , Thomas Bewick , Mark Faghy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
The value of clinical cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) within healthcare settings has been established in the last decade. CPET methods remain highly relevant in the COVID-19 endemic phase and should be used to assess those recovering from COVID-19 infection. This diagnostic tool could play an integral role in disease prognostication and evaluate the integrative response to incremental exercise. The primary aims of the study are to (1) evaluate the integrative response to incremental exercise relating to post-COVID-19 morbidity and (2) assess cardio-respiratory responses to physiological stress and provide insight regarding the integrity of the pulmonary-vascular interface and characterization of any impairment or abnormal cardio-respiratory function.
Methods
Participants will be asked to attend 3 lab visits, 1 baseline visit where they will provide patient reported outcome measures of symptomatology, Quality of Life, Sleep, Fatigue, Dyspnea and Cognition alongside assessments of lung function and functional capacity (six-minute walk test and timed up and go). Following a 7–10 observation period for post exertional malaise, patients will be asked to perform a cardiopulmonary exercise test on 2 consecutive days where their response to exercise will be quantified. A sub-sample will then report on post-CPET symptomology for seven consecutive dates using a bespoke smartphone application.
Discussion
Data from such assessments can enable practitioners to characterize cardio-respiratory fitness and identify reasons for physical impairment or abnormal cardio-respiratory function. measurements obtained from an assessment of cardio-respiratory responses to physiological stress could provide insight regarding the integrity of the pulmonary-vascular interface and characterisation of any impairment or abnormal cardio-respiratory function.
Trial registration
: Retrospectively Registered at Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT 06394921. Date of Registry: 26-03-2024.
Comprehensive Research: Corn Flour Cookies Supplemented with amaranth flour and Pumpkin Seeds Powder
Authors: Paterwal Akhilesh , Chamroy Themmeichon 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to utilize amaranth flour and pumpkin seed powder as a supplement in the preparation of gluten-free corn flour cookies. Which is a versatile and nutritious ingredient and can be added in the preparation of cookies due to high fiber content, low glycemic index, rich in various nutrients. Amaranth flour is a nutritious and gluten-free replacement to traditional wheat flour that has gained popularity in recent years due to its high nutritional profile. The recipe was developed by replacing wheat flour with corn flour and amaranth flour in a traditional cookie recipe and incorporating pumpkin seed powder as a functional ingredient in different ratios. Four different treatments were standardized, Type 1 (100% Corn flour control), Type 2 (80% corn flour + 10% Amaranth flour + 10% Pumpkin seed powder), Type 3 (60% Corn flour + 20% Amaranth flour + 20% Pumpkin seed powder) and Type 4 (40% Corn flour + 30% Amaranth flour + 30% Pumpkin seed powder). The flavonoid content and the phenolic content were highest in Type 4 followed by the Type 3 sample and lowest in Type 1. DPPH Assay was conducted, Type 1 showed the lowest inhibition (9.82%), and the highest level of inhibition was observed in Type 4 (46.19%). All the results showed that Type 4 is comparatively more nutritious than Type 1. As per sensory evaluation, the Type 4 sample was highly acceptable. The results showed that the corn flour cookies supplemented with amaranth and pumpkin seeds powder showed better texture, were richer in taste and their nutritional content was higher as compared to cookies prepared by using only corn flour (control). Type 1 was least acceptable followed by Type 2. The study concluded that the enriched cookies (Type 4), were a nutritious and tasty alternative to traditional wheat flour cookies. They offer a wide range of nutrition and antioxidant benefits with a unique flavor and texture profile. However further research is needed to evaluate the shelf life and stability of the cookies.
Age-Dependent Pathogenesis of Aquatic Bird Bornavirus 1 in Turkeys
Authors: Gordon Lisa , Leacy Alexander , Pham Phuc H. , Tuling Jaime , Che Sunoh , El-Khouri Antonius , Caswell Jeff L. , Lillie Brandon N. , Susta Leonardo 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aquatic bird bornavirus 1, an orthobornavirus in the family Bornaviridae, displays a broad host range among avian species, including poultry. The pathogenesis of orthobornaviruses is mediated by the host immune response against the infected nervous tissue, with younger animals showing a milder disease due to immune tolerance. Here, we tested the ability of ABBV1 to infect domestic turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo), with a focus on evaluating the impact of age at infection. Cohorts of 6-week-old (old) and day-old (young) male turkeys were divided into virus-inoculated and control groups, and kept for up to 12 weeks. Results showed that turkeys of both ages were susceptible to ABBV1 infection by intramuscular administration, following a centripetal and limited centrifugal spread, although infection appeared delayed in old compared to young birds. Notably, only young turkeys developed clinical signs and more frequent inflammation of the central nervous system, indicating that infection at a very early age is unlikely to induce tolerance to ABBV1 infection.
The avian lung mycobiome: phylogenetic and ecological drivers of lung-fungal communities and their potential pathogens
Authors: Salazar-Hamm Paris , Gadek Chauncey , Mann Michael , Steinberg Madeline , Montoya Kyana , Behnia Mahgol , Gyllenhaal Ethan , Brady Serina , Takano Oona , Williamson Jessie , Witt Christopher , Natvig Donald 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Vertebrate lungs contain diverse microbial communities, but little is known the causes of community composition or its consequences for health. Lung microbiome assembly by processes such as dispersal, coevolution, and host-switching can be elucidated with comparative surveys. However, few comparative surveys exist for lung microbiomes, particularly for the fungal component, the mycobiome. Distinguishing fungal taxa that are generalist or specialist symbionts, potential pathogens, or incidentally inhaled spores is urgent because of high potential for emerging disease. Here, we provide the first characterization of the avian lung mycobiome and we test the relative influences of environment, phylogeny, and functional traits. We used metabarcoding and culturing from 195 lung samples representing 32 bird species across 20 families. We identified 532 fungal taxa (zOTUs) including many that are opportunistic pathogens. These were composed predominantly of the phylum Ascomycota (79%) followed by Basidiomycota (16%) and Mucoromycota (5%). Yeast and yeast-like taxa (Malassezia, Filobasidium, Saccharomyces, Meyerozyma, and Aureobasidium) and filamentous fungi (Cladosporium, Alternaria, Neurospora, Fusarium, and Aspergillus) were abundant. Lung mycobiomes were strongly shaped by environmental exposure, and further modulated by host identity, traits, and phylogenetic affinities. Our results implicate migratory bird species as potential vectors for long-distance dispersal of opportunistically pathogenic fungi.
Readmission Patterns in Patients with Spontaneous Intracerebral Hematoma: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Tenkorang Pearl Ohenewaa , BSc Olivia Asiedu , Annan Adjoa S. , MBChB Kwadwo Darko , Adjei Emmanuel K. , MBChB Teddy Totimeh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Hospital readmissions following spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (sICH) represent a significant concern in healthcare, particularly in Ghana. The objective of this paper is to investigate the readmission rates of patients with sICH in Ghana and to identify the factors influencing these rates.
Methods: A retrospective study at the University of Ghana Medical Centre analyzed sICH patient data (January 2021-June 2023), comparing readmitted and non-readmitted groups using Wilcoxon rank-sum and chi-square tests to assess differences in clinical features, treatments, and outcomes.
Results: The study involved 84 non-readmitted patients and 18 re-admitted patients. Among the readmitted patients, 50.0% were females and 50.0% were males, compared to 27.4% and 72.6% in the non-readmitted group, respectively. The mean age of the non-readmitted patients was 51.5 years (SD = 12.2), while the mean age of the readmitted patients was 61.3 years (SD = 21.0). A higher proportion of readmitted patients had diabetes (22.2%) compared to non-readmitted patients (6.0%) (p = 0.049). The mean MRS 1 month and 3 months post-discharge were significantly higher in the readmitted group (p=0.004 and p=0.005, respectively). Patients who were readmitted had a lower GCS (10.9, SD = 3.4) compared with the non-readmitted group (p= 0.082).
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of comprehensive discharge planning and post-discharge support for patients with sICH, particularly those with diabetes and higher mRS scores, to mitigate readmission risks and improve long-term outcomes.
What is day programme treatment for Anorexia Nervosa really like? Part 2: A reflexive thematic analysis of feedback from parents
Authors: Gledhill Lucinda J. , Calissano Chiara , Turner Jasmin , Watson Charlotte , Simic Mima , Baudinet Julian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background: A significant proportion of young people do not respond to NICE recommended treatment for anorexia nervosa: Family Therapy (FT-AN). Evidence is building for the effectiveness of day programmes as an alternative to inpatient admissions for young people whom traditional community treatment has not benefited. One day programme that has been found to be effective is the Intensive Treatment Programme (ITP) of the Maudsley Centre for Child & Adolescent Eating Disorders in London, UK. However, to-date limited data are available on how parents of young people attending experience such a day programme.
Method: Anonymous feedback was completed via online survey by 64 parents over a 5-year period (2018-2023) on discharge from ITP.
Results: Five main themes emerged: (1) Clarity and consistency are key; (2) Skills and practical support; (3) Collaborative relationships; (4) Layers of change; (5) It wasn’t all great.
Conclusions: Expanding our understanding of parental experiences is important given the FT-AN model holds expectations that “the family is needed as a resource” and that parents should “take a lead in managing their child’s eating”. It is hoped that increased understanding will lead to services continuing to improve the support they provide.
Computational Analysis of Luteolin, Apigenin and Their Derivatives from Allophylus africanus as Potential Inhibitors of Plasmepsin II a Malaria Target
Authors: Abubakari Ismail , Kwiyukwa Lucas P. , Paul Lucas 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Malaria is a life-threatening disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. It remains a critical global health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where Plasmodium falciparum parasite species is rampant. With the rise of drug-resistant strains, the urgency for novel and effective antimalarial therapies has never been greater. In the absence of a highly effective vaccine, chemotherapy continues to be the frontline defense against malaria. One promising avenue for therapeutic intervention is Plasmepsin II (PMII) an essential aspartic protease involved in hemoglobin degradation within the parasite’s digestive vacuole. Targeting PM II has the potential to disrupt the parasite’s lifecycle, making it a compelling focus for the development of next-generation antimalarial drugs, crucial in the fight against resistant strains. In this study, the interactions of luteolin, apigenin, and their glycoside derivatives from Allophylus africanus with PMII was explored through computational methods. Using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and free energy calculations, the binding affinities, structural stability, and conformational changes induced by these compounds were evaluated. The docking results revealed that luteolin derivatives, particularly 1 luteolin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-3’,7-di-O-glucoside, exhibited strong binding affinities, with binding energies of −9.1 and −9.5 kcal/mol, respectively. These interactions were driven by enhanced hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interactions with key residues such as Asp34 and Asp214 in the active site of PMI. Apigenin derivatives, including apigenin-6,8-di-C-hexoside, also demonstrated significant binding affinity with a binding energy of −10.2 kcal/mol. The overall binding energy with MMPBSA further reinforced these findings with apigenin 8-C-hexoside showing the strongest binding free energy of (−86.646 kJ/mol), driven by significant van der Waals stabilization. Luteolin-3’,7-di-O-glucoside and apigenin-6,8-di-C-hexoside also exhibited strong binding free energies of −57.506 kJ/mol and −79.591 kJ/mol, respectively, indicating their potential as effective inhibitors. Free energy surface (FES) revealed that luteolin and derivatives binding favours an open-state conformation of the PMI flap, while apigenin derivatives induce multiple conformational states reflecting a more flexible interaction. This study demonstrates the potential of apigenin 8-C-hexoside, luteolin-3’,7-di-O-glucoside, and apigenin-6,8-di-C-hexoside as effective agents against the malaria target. These compounds could serve as promising candidates for developing new antimalarial drugs. Nevertheless, further experimental research is required to validate their efficacy.
Effect of an Educational Program on Nurses’ Level of Knowledge about Pain Assessment and Management: A Quasi Experimental
Authors: Alomari Hussein , ALLOBANEY Nabeel F. , SWALLMEH Esmat , MACAALY Rosario A. , AL-HUSBAN Raya Yousef 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Pain is universally acknowledged as one of the most distressing experiences that individuals encounter, often leading to significant psychological and physical implications. Effective pain management is essential in healthcare, and it is imperative that nursing professionals possess the requisite knowledge and skills to assess and manage pain effectively.
Aim
This study aims to evaluate the impact of a structured educational program on the performance levels of nurses in the domains of pain assessment and management.
Design
A quasi-experimental, one-group pre- and post-test intervention design was employed to facilitate this investigation.
Setting
The research was conducted in the inpatient medical and surgical departments at Al-Zarqa Governmental Hospital, Jordan.
Subjects
A total of 106 nurses, both male and female, who provide direct nursing care in medical and surgical wards, voluntarily participated in the study.
Tools
Two instruments were utilized for data collection:
1. A questionnaire designed to assess nurses' knowledge regarding pain assessment and management.
2. An observational checklist to evaluate the practical application of pain management techniques by nurses.
Results
· The sample comprised predominantly female nurses, most of whom held a Bachelor of Science in Nursing and had 2–5 years of clinical experience.
· A significant 88.7% of participants had not previously attended any educational sessions focused on pain assessment and management.
· Statistical analysis revealed a significant improvement in mean knowledge scores post-educational intervention (P<0.001).
· All dimensions of nursing practices related to pain management showed statistically significant enhancement following the training, demonstrating a strong correlation between knowledge and practice levels before and after the educational program.
Conclusion
The implementation of the educational program resulted in over half of the participating nurses achieving a commendable level of knowledge and satisfactory practice in pain assessment and management. This underscores the program's effectiveness in enhancing both theoretical knowledge and practical skills.
Identification of Magnetic Structures in the Amazon Basin West of Manaus and Their Implications for the Conceptual Sedimentary-Stratigraphic Model
Authors: Pereira Itamar , Mane Miguel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to map magnetometric structures west of the city of Manaus up to the city of Codajás, using data from aerial surveys and processed through Geosoft Oasis Montaj software. For the processing, filtering and frequency enhancement techniques were applied, resulting in maps of anomalous magnetic fields, analytical signal maps, and upward continuation maps, for the subsequent identification of subsurface magnetic structures. After identifying these structures, efforts were made to interpret and compare them with the structures mapped by geology, as shown in geological maps and literature of the area.