bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gestão da diversidade: um estudo de gênero e raça em grandes empresas brasileiras
Authors: Gonçalves Ednéia Batista do Prado , Espejo Márcia Maria Dos Santos Bortolocci , Altoé Stella Maris Lima , Voese Simone Bernardes 
Published: June 2016

No Brasil, nota-se uma tratativa artificial ao tema diversidade nas organizações, sobretudo no que diz respeito ao lado humano (THOMAS, 1996). Em países desenvolvidos como os Estados Unidos, por exemplo, o estudo da diversidade tem tido maior foco e relevância. No Brasil, este fica prejudicado por esbarrar em questões de preconceitos raciais e de gênero que não permite o avanço e aaplicabilidade nas organizações. O objetivo do estudo consistiu em analisar, nas 30 maiores empresas listadas na Revista Exame, como a diversidade de gênero e raça tem sido tratada, realizando uma reflexão sobre questões de gênero e raça, no que tange ao trabalho da mulher e do negro na ocupação de cargos de chefia e maior escalão nas empresas. Metodologicamente, fez-se necessárioa análise documental do Balanço Social das 30 maiores empresas nacionais ou que atuam no Brasil, na tratativa do tema diversidade. Foram selecionados no site oficial das 30 maiores empresas, com base na Revista Exame – Maiores e Melhores, ano base 2013, o Balanço Social dos anos de 2011 a 2013, o estudo da evolução do percentual de mulheres e negros em cargos de chefia foi feito por meio de cálculos da estatística descritiva: divisão da amostra em quartis e cálculo da média. Pode-se observar uma tênue variação entre os percentuais ao longo dos anos estudados, o que não alterou significativamente as posições ocupadas por mulheres e negros em cargos de chefia nas empresas daamostra. Espera-se que este estudo contribua para a visão crítica dos temas relacionados a gênero e raça nas organizações.
Terug naar een ‘mediationrechter’ in Nederland conform het model van Voltaire?
Authors: von Bóné Emese 
Published: June 2016

A return to the ‘mediator-judge’ in the Netherlands as in the Voltaire-model?
In the last couple of years we see new models of accessible and innovative jurisdiction, such as ‘neighbors judge’, ‘ejudge’ and the ‘office hour judge’. Are these innovations really new? This article gives insight into the Dutch legal history of accessible jurisdiction and compares the forms of accessible jurisdiction.
Las voces del choga: disonancias y consonancias acerca de una enfermedad popular
Authors: Jones Sánchez Alvar 
Published: June 2016

El choga es el nombre popular por el que se conoce un cuadro patológico infantil muy extendido en Guinea Ecuatorial. Más del 70% de las madres interrogadas en la ciudad de Bata reconocían que alguno de sus hijos lo había padecido. Los saberes, representaciones y prácticas en torno al choga incluyen tanto elementos procedentes dela esfera popular como del contacto con el sector salud. Invitan en este sentido a repensar los vínculos entre medicina moderna y medicina tradicional, así como el carácter heterogéneo y dinámico de los saberes populares y biomédicos. Los nuevos mecanismosde transmisión de los saberes en el contexto urbano, los puntos de contacto con la esfera biomédica y las deficiencias del sistema sanitario, conforman un contexto en el que se revela el rol activo que desempeñan los individuos y colectivos en la producción y transformación de los saberes.
La represión del Bwiti en la Guinea Española. El caso de Fernando Poo (1939-1962)
Authors: Sánchez Azañedo Jesús 
Published: June 2016

Este trabajo intenta aportar la totalidad de las “Palabras” referidas alBwiti en Fernando Poo del Tribunal de Santa Isabel, durante el período desde 1939 hasta 1962. La exposición cronológica de las mismas, nos permitirá ver el proceso de implantación del culto y su posterior desarrollo, confirmando su práctica en la isla. También pretendemos mostrar la represión ejercida contra sus practicantes, dando lugar en ocasiones a la persecución de familias muy concretas. Por último, queremos evidenciar cómo un documento del año 1939 en el que se piden medidas especiales para la represión del Bwiti, pudo ser programático en este sentido a la hora de aplicar las diferentes formas posteriores de represión del culto.
A syntactic approach to the Spanish 'al + infinitive' construction
Authors: Rico Pablo 
Published: June 2016

The paper seeks to study the way in which the interpretation is fixed in the Spanish AL + infinitive construction. The reading of these adjuncts can be temporal or causal. Some studies that have approached this issue previously (Rigau 1993; Alonso-Ovalle 2002) have attributed the interpretative disparity to purely semantic reasons, while others (Rigau 1995; Hernanz 1999; Martines 2000) have described the phenomenon without delving too deep in the syntactic details that influence the reading. The aim of this analysis is to approach the problem of the interpretation considering factors of syntactic order. I will claim that the reading is fixed depending basically on two factor: 1) the kind of topological relation that is established in each case: in temporal adjunction, the C head selects an IP as its ground; on the contrary, in the causal adjunction the ground is an XP, a projection between IP and CP that generates opacity with regard to the reading of the temporality; and 2) the retrospective orientation that the auxiliary haber generates.
Evaluating the well-to-well distribution of radiative recombination rates in semi-polar

InGaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes
Authors: Funato Mitsuru , Matsufuji Kohei , Kawakami Yoichi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The distribution of well-to-well radiative recombination rates (RRRs) in an electrically driven semi-polar

InGaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diode (LED) is investigated within an electron–hole recombination picture. Compared to the reference (0001) LED, the

LED exhibits uniform well-to-well RRR distributions, which are less dependent on the injection current, because of the weaker polarization field. The smaller dependence of the RRR distribution on the injection current suggests that

LEDs can be applied to polychromatic LEDs consisting of quantum wells with different emission colors in electrical series because a current-insensitive apparent emission color is expected. A proof-of-concept polychromatic LED is demonstrated on the semi-polar

plane.
Change in the waveform of broadband ultrasound reflected back from a sample via a polymer film
Authors: Tohmyoh Hironori , Mukaimine Shota 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
This paper deals with the changes in the reflected waveform obtained from a sample after covering the sample with a polymer film. First, a theoretical model to predict the waveform obtained from the sample via the film was developed and the validity of the model was verified by experiments in which the ultrasound was transmitted from water into steel samples via a polymer film. Although the present model is based on plane wave theory, it was confirmed experimentally that the model is applicable for focused ultrasonic transducers.
Sol–gel composite material characteristics caused by different dielectric constant sol–gel phases
Authors: Kimoto Keisuke , Matsumoto Makoto , Kaneko Tsukasa , Kobayashi Makiko 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Ultrasonic transducers prepared by a sol–gel composite method have been investigated in the field of nondestructive testing (NDT). Sol–gel composite materials could be ideal piezoelectric materials for ultrasonic transducer applications in the NDT field, and a new sol–gel composite with desirable characteristics has been developed. Three kinds of sol–gel composite materials composed of different dielectric constant sol–gel phases, Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 (PZT), Bi4Ti3O12 (BiT), and BaTiO3 (BT), and the same piezoelectric powder phase, PbTiO3 (PT), were fabricated and their properties were compared quantitatively. As a result, the PT/BT, sol–gel composite with the highest dielectric constant sol–gel phase showed the highest d
33 and signal strength. In addition, only PT/BT was successfully poled by room-temperature corona poling with reasonable signal strength.
Estimation of size and number density of microbubbles based on analysis of frequency-dependent attenuation
Authors: Yoshida Kenji , Tamura Kazuki , Yamaguchi Tadashi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
A method of estimating the size and number density of microbubbles in suspension is proposed, which matches the theoretically calculated frequency dependent attenuation coefficient with the experimental data. Assuming that the size distribution of bubbles is given by a log-normal function, three parameters (expected value and standard deviation of radius and the number density of bubbles) of Sonazoid® in the steady flow were estimated. Bubbles are exposed to ultrasound with a center frequency of 5 MHz and mechanical indices of 0.4, 0.5, 0.7, and 1.1. The expected value and standard deviation for the size distribution were estimated to be 70–85 and 45–60% of the reference values in the case of a lower mechanical index, respectively. The number density was estimated to be 20–30 times smaller than the reference values. This fundamental examination indicates that the number density of bubbles can be qualitatively evaluated by the proposed method.
Development of metal-bonded Langevin transducer using LiNbO3
Authors: Ito Hiroshi , Jimbo Hikaru , Shiotani Koichi , Sakai Nagahide 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
We newly developed a metal-bonded Langevin transducer using LiNbO3 in order to realize a practical high-power LiNbO3 Langevin transducer. It utilizes metal bonding with a lead-free solder as an assembly method for a Langevin transducer, instead of a bolt as used in a conventional bolt-clamped Langevin transducer. The newly developed metal-bonded LiNbO3 Langevin transducer achieved a high vibration velocity of over 1.5 m/s and stable operation. Because of rigid metal bonding, it does not show nonlinear phenomena such as a jump phenomenon and/or a resonant frequency shift.
Microwave sintering of sol–gel composite films using a domestic microwave oven
Authors: Kobayashi Makiko , Matsumoto Makoto 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Feasibility study of sol–gel composite microwave sintering using a domestic microwave oven was carried out. Two kinds of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) powders were mixed with PZT sol–gel solution and the mixture was sprayed onto 3-mm-thick titanium substrate. The films were sintered by 700 W domestic oven for 10 min. Ultrasonic measurement was carried out in pulse–echo mode and clear multiple echoes were confirmed. It would be suitable method to fabricate high frequency broadband focused ultrasonic transducers. Further research is required to improve sintering degree.
One-Year Weight Reduction With Semaglutide or Liraglutide in Clinical Practice
Authors: Gasoyan Hamlet , Pfoh Elizabeth R. , Schulte Rebecca , Le Phuc , Butsch W. Scott , Rothberg Michael B. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceLimited data are available on long-term weight loss achieved with semaglutide or liraglutide for type 2 diabetes (T2D) or obesity in clinical practice.ObjectiveTo document weight loss achieved with injectable forms of semaglutide or liraglutide and identify factors associated with weight reduction of 10% or greater at 1 year.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from a large, integrated health system in Ohio and Florida. Participants included adults with a body mass index (calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the height in meters squared) of at least 30.0 who initiated treatment with semaglutide or liraglutide between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2022. Follow-up was completed July 28, 2023.ExposureInjectable forms of semaglutide or liraglutide approved for T2D or obesity.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPercentage weight change and categorical weight reduction of 10% or greater at 1 year.ResultsA total of 3389 patients (mean [SD] age, 50.4 [12.2] years; 1835 [54.7%] female) were identified. Of these, 1341 patients received semaglutide for T2D; 1444, liraglutide for T2D; 227, liraglutide for obesity; and 377, semaglutide for obesity. Mean (SD) percentage weight change at 1 year was −5.1% (7.8%) with semaglutide vs −2.2% (6.4%) with liraglutide (P &amp;lt; .001); −3.2% (6.8%) for T2D as a treatment indication vs −5.9% (9.0%) for obesity (P &amp;lt; .001); and −5.5% (7.5%) with persistent medication coverage (ie, a cumulative gap of less than 90 days) at 1 year vs −2.8% (7.0%) with 90 to 275 medication coverage days and −1.8% (6.7%) with fewer than 90 medication coverage days (P &amp;lt; .001). In the multivariable model, semaglutide vs liraglutide (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.19 [95% CI, 1.77-2.72]), obesity as a treatment indication vs T2D (AOR, 2.46 [95% CI, 1.83-3.30]), persistent medication coverage vs 90 medication coverage days (AOR, 3.36 [95% CI, 2.52-4.54]) or 90 to 275 medication coverage days within the first year (AOR, 1.50 [95% CI, 1.10-2.06]), high dosage of the medication vs low (AOR, 1.58 [95% CI, 1.11-2.25]), and female sex (AOR, 1.57 [95% CI, 1.27-1.94]) were associated with achieving a 10% or greater weight reduction at year 1.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this retrospective cohort study of 3389 patients with obesity, weight reduction at 1 year was associated with the medication’s active agent, its dosage, treatment indication, persistent medication coverage, and patient sex. Future research should focus on identifying the reasons for discontinuation of medication use and interventions aimed at improving long-term persistent coverage.
Monte Carlo calculated absorbed‐dose energy dependence of EBT3 and EBT4 films for 5–200 MeV electrons and 100 keV–15 MeV photons
Authors: Clements Nathan , Bazalova‐Carter Magdalena 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo use Monte Carlo simulations to study the absorbed‐dose energy dependence of GAFChromic EBT3 and EBT4 films for 5–200 MeV electron beams and 100 keV–15 MeV photon beams considering two film compositions: a previous EBT3 composition (Bekerat et al.) and the final composition of EBT3/current composition of EBT4 (Palmer et al.).MethodsA water phantom was simulated with films at 5–50 mm depth in 5 mm intervals. The water phantom was irradiated with flat, monoenergetic 5–200 MeV electron beams and 100 and 150 keV kilovoltage and 1–15 MeV megavoltage photon beams and the dose to the active layer of the films was scored. Simulations were rerun with the films defined as water to compare the absorbed‐dose response of film to water, .ResultsFor electrons, the Bekerat et al. composition had variations in of up to from 5 to 200 MeV. Similarly, the Palmer et al. composition had differences in up to from 5 to 200 MeV. For photons, varied up to and from 100 keV to 15 MeV for the Bekerat et al. and Palmer et al. compositions, respectively. The depth of films did not appear to significantly affect for photons at any energy and for electrons at energies 50 MeV. However, for 5 and 10 MeV electrons, decreases of up to in were seen due to stacked films and increased beam attenuation in films compared to water.ConclusionsThe up to and variations in for electrons and photons, respectively, across the energies considered in this study indicate the importance of calibrating films with the energy intended for measurement. Additionally, this work emphasizes potential issues with stacking films to measure depth dose curves, particularly for electron beams with energies 10 MeV.
No replicating evidence for anti‐amyloid‐β autoantibodies in cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐related inflammation
Authors: van den Berg Emma , Roelofs Rian , Jäkel Lieke , Greenberg Steven M. , Charidimou Andreas , van Etten Ellis S. , Boche Delphine , Klijn Catharina J. M. , Schreuder Floris H. B. M. , Kuiperij H. Bea , Verbeek Marcel M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveElevated levels of anti‐amyloid‐β (anti‐Aβ) autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) have been proposed as a diagnostic biomarker for cerebral amyloid angiopathy‐related inflammation (CAA‐RI). We aimed to independently validate the immunoassay for quantifying these antibodies and evaluate its diagnostic value for CAA‐RI.MethodsWe replicated the immunoassay to detect CSF anti‐Aβ autoantibodies using CSF from CAA‐RI patients and non‐CAA controls with unrelated disorders and further characterized its performance. Moreover, we conducted a literature review of CAA‐RI case reports to investigate neuropathological and CSF evidence of the nature of the inflammatory reaction in CAA‐RI.ResultsThe assay demonstrated a high background signal in CSF, which increased and corresponded with higher total immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentration in CSF (rsp = 0.51, p = 0.02). Assay levels were not elevated in CAA‐RI patients (n = 6) compared to non‐CAA controls (n = 20; p = 0.64). Literature review indicated only occasional presence of B‐lymphocytes and plasma cells (i.e., antibody‐producing cells), alongside the abundant presence of activated microglial cells, T‐cells, and other monocyte lineage cells. CSF analysis did not convincingly indicate intrathecal IgG production.InterpretationWe were unable to reproduce the reported elevation of anti‐Aβ autoantibody concentration in CSF of CAA‐RI patients. Our findings instead support nonspecific detection of IgG levels in CSF by the assay. Reviewed CAA‐RI case reports suggested a widespread cerebral inflammatory reaction. In conclusion, our findings do not support anti‐Aβ autoantibodies as a diagnostic biomarker for CAA‐RI.
Association of Combined Autoreactivity to Sm/RNP Common Motif and U1 RNP With Mixed Connective Tissue Disease and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Authors: Ni Ruoning , Lenert Aleksander , Lenert Petar 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the clinical features in patients with suspected connective tissue disease who tested positive for anti‐Sm/RNP common motif antibody with or without associated anti‐RNP antibody.MethodsThe titers of anti‐Sm/RNP and anti‐RNP antibodies were measured by the multiplex solid‐phase bioassays (Bio‐Rad). Clinical manifestations were compared among the three subgroups (RNP only, Sm/RNP only, and double positive for RNP and Sm/RNP). Patients were further evaluated for the diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and/or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using accepted classification criteria.ResultsA total of 133 patients were included in this study. The rates of inflammatory arthritis and Raynaud phenomenon were significantly higher in patients testing positive for both anti‐RNP and anti‐Sm/RNP antibodies compared to anti‐RNP only or anti‐Sm/RNP only (69.1% vs 28.8% vs 25.0%, P < 0.0001 for arthritis and 59.5% vs 23.3% vs 37.5%, P = 0.0005 for Raynaud phenomenon). Area under the curve (AUC) values were 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.59–0.77, P < 0.0001) for anti‐Sm/RNP titers and 0.65 (95% CI 0.55–0.74, P = 0.0039) for anti‐RNP titers with inflammatory arthritis. AUC values were 0.67 (95% CI 0.58–0.77, P = 0.0002) for anti‐Sm/RNP titers and 0.59 (95% CI 0.49–0.69, P = 0.0352) for anti‐RNP titers with Raynaud phenomenon. The odds ratios for the diagnosis of MCTD and SLE were significantly higher in patients with double positivity compared to those testing solely positive for anti‐RNP antibody.ConclusionAnti‐Sm/RNP common motif autoreactivity when combined with anti‐RNP antibody positivity identifies those patients who are closely related with certain clinical manifestations and who are associated with well‐defined connective tissue disease such as MCTD or SLE.
Exploration of Stimuli‐Responsive, Elastin‐Based Coatings for Textiles
Authors: Hartzell Emily J. , Gonzalez Obeso Constancio , Hasturk Onur , Scheel Ryan A. , Wan Lynn , Moser Felix , Smith Todd , Kaplan David 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSmart, stimuli‐responsive materials that are also environmentally friendly are highly desired in the fashion and textile industry. For example, thermoresponsive properties show potential in creating dynamic comfort by improving moisture wicking and breathability at high temperatures. Additionally, color change properties provide aesthetic appeal and can be used as flexible sensors for physiological or environmental monitoring. Herein, the integration of bioproduced, thermoresponsive polymers into textiles as coatings that can also deliver pH‐responsive color change is explored. Elastin‐like polypeptides (ELPs) are recombinant protein biopolymers that exhibit an inverse phase transition when temperature is raised above a tunable transition temperature. To incorporate these into cotton textiles, amino acid residues with functional groups are genetically introduced. These are covalently coupled to oxidized cotton fabric, as well as a pH indicator dye, and copper‐free “click” conjugation handles. Thus, a facile layer‐by‐layer assembly process is used to assemble coatings with tunable thickness. The chemical derivatization of ELPs is shown and how these modifications influence thermoresponsive properties in solution is demonstrated. Cotton fabric is oxidized to introduce carboxylic acid chemical handles and up to ten coats of ELP is layered onto the modified cotton. The coating demonstrates spatiotemporal pH responsive color change.
Finely‐Tuned Polar‐Nonpolar Synergistic Binder Enables Ultra‐Thin Sulfide Solid Electrolyte Membrane for All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Li Rui , Chen Ning , Liu Shengnan , Mao Yuqiong , Liao Zhiqiang , Qiu Kai , Wang Pengbo , Zhang Tingshu , Hao Shuai , Zhu Gaolong , Guo Chunli , Liu Xiang , Ren Dongsheng , Lu Languang , Ouyang Minggao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe solid electrolyte (SE) membrane plays a crucial role in sulfide‐based all‐solid‐state batteries (ASSBs). However, the challenge of finding appropriate polymer binders with excellent (electro‐)chemical compatibility and adhesive properties, remains a significant obstacle for wet slurry processing of sulfide SE membranes. Herein, a novel “polar‐nonpolar synergistic” finely‐tuned strategy is employed to design an ethylene‐methyl acrylate (EMA) copolymer binder to facilitate wet‐slurry‐based fabrication of sulfide SE membranes. Significantly, by adjusting the ratio of polar and nonpolar groups, this methodology enables the binder to dissolve effectively in a toluene‐based slurry and also ensures good adhesion between the EMA binder and SE particles. The SE membrane prepared with EMA binder exhibits an ultra‐thin thickness (36 µm), flexibility, and excellent ionic conductivity (1.43 mS cm−1). The ASSB assembled with the SE membrane shows an excellent capacity retention rate of 92.9% after 120 cycles at 0.5 C. This work on the “polar‐nonpolar synergistic” finely‐tuned effect of binder provides insight for manufacturing high‐quality sulfide SE membranes.