bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenothiazines Enhance Mild Hypothermia-induced Neuroprotection via PI3K/Akt Regulation in Experimental Stroke
Authors: An Hong , Duan Yunxia , Wu Di , Yip James , Elmadhoun Omar , Wright Joshua C. , Shi Wenjuan , Liu Kaiyin , He Xiaoduo , Shi Jingfei , Jiang Fang , Ji Xunming , Ding Yuchuan 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPhysical hypothermia has long been considered a promising neuroprotective treatment of ischemic stroke, but the treatment’s various complications along with the impractical duration and depth of therapy significantly narrow its clinical scope. In the present study, the model of reversible right middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 2 h was used. We combined hypothermia (33–35 °C for 1 h) with phenothiazine neuroleptics (chlorpromazine & promethazine) as additive neuroprotectants, with the aim of augmenting its efficacy while only using mild temperatures. We also investigated its therapeutic effects on the Phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) apoptotic pathway. The combination treatment achieved reduction in ischemic rat temperatures in the rectum, cortex and striatum significantly (P < 0.01) faster than hypothermia alone, accompanied by more obvious (P < 0.01) reduction of brain infarct volume and neurological deficits. The combination treatment remarkably (P < 0.05) increased expression of p-Akt and anti-apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL), while reduced expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (AIF and Bax). Finally, the treatment’s neuroprotective effects were blocked by a p-Akt inhibitor. By combining hypothermia with phenothiazines, we significantly enhanced the neuroprotective effects of mild hypothermia. This study also sheds light on the possible molecular mechanism for these effects which involves the PI3K/Akt signaling and apoptotic pathway.
The Risk Factors and Neonatal outcomes of Isolated Single Umbilical Artery in Singleton Pregnancy: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Luo Xiaohua , Zhai Shanshan , Shi Na , Li Mei , Cui Shihong , Xu Yajuan , Ran Limin , Ren Lidan , Hong Teng , Liu Rui 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe current meta-analysis aims to evaluate the risk factors and neonatal outcomes of isolated Single Umbilical Artery (iSUA) in singleton pregnancy. Standard Mean Difference (SMD) or Weighted Mean Difference (WMD) was pooled for the maternal age, gravidity and parity, neonate birth weight and Apgar score one and five minutes after birth. We also pooled the odds ratios (ORs) at 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal smoking status, the rate of neonate delivery before 37 or 34 weeks, Cesarean section (CS), the rate of being admitted to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the serious adverse neonate outcome. Results show that maternal primigravidity [OR: −0.082, CI (−0.152, −0.011), p = 0.023] and female sex of the neonate [OR: 0.805, CI (0.673, 0.963), p = 0.017] were associated with higher risks of iSUA. As compared to normal neonates, the neonates with iSUA had lower birth weight, worse Apgar score, increased risk of delivery before the normal gestational age, increased rate of CS due to fetal distress, increased rate of admission to NICU and prolonged NICU stay. However, no difference in neonatal mortality was observed. Maternal primigravidity and female neonate might associate with increased risk of iSUA. Identification of iSUA is of great importance for prenatal diagnosis and may improve neonatal outcomes.
Modulation of piglets’ microbiota: differential effects by a high wheat bran maternal diet during gestation and lactation
Authors: Leblois Julie , Massart Sébastien , Li Bing , Wavreille José , Bindelle Jérôme , Everaert Nadia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractReaching a beneficial intestinal microbiota early in life is desirable for piglets, as microbiota will impact their future health. One strategy to achieve this is the addition of prebiotics to sows’ diet, as their microbiota will be transferred. Transmission of microbiota to the offspring occurs at birth and during lactation but a transfer might also occur during gestation. The objectives of this study were to determine whether and when (before and/or after birth) a maternal transfer of the microbiota occurs, and to observe the impact of wheat bran (WB) in sows’ diet on their faecal microbiota, their offspring’s microbiota and fermentation profile. Sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from umbilical cord blood, meconium, sows’ faeces and piglets’ colon content. Short-chain fatty acid production was determined in piglets’ distal gut. Different bacteria (mostly Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes) were found in the umbilical cord blood, suggesting a maternal transfer occurring already during gestation. Less butyrate was produced in the caecum of WB piglets and a lower concentration of valerate was observed in all intestinal parts of WB piglets. Maternal wheat bran supplementation affected microbiota of sows and piglets differently.
Radiological imaging characteristics of intramammary hematological malignancies: results from a german multicenter study
Authors: Wienbeck Susanne , Meyer Hans Jonas , Uhlig Johannes , Herzog Aimee , Nemat Sogand , Teifke Andrea , Heindel Walter , Schäfer Fritz , Kinner Sonja , Surov Alexey 
Published: August 2017

AbstractTo assess radiological procedures and imaging characteristics in patients with intramammary hematological malignancies (IHM). Radiological imaging studies of histopathological proven IHM cases from ten German University affiliated breast imaging centers from 1997–2012 were retrospectively evaluated. Imaging modalities included ultrasound (US), mammography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Two radiologists blinded to the histopathological diagnoses independently assessed all imaging studies. Imaging studies of 101 patients with 204 intramammary lesions were included. Most patients were women (95%) with a median age of 64 years. IHM were classified as Non Hodgkin lymphoma (77.2%), plasmacytoma (11.9%), leukemia (9.9%), and Hodgkin lymphoma (1%). The mean lesion size was 15.8 ± 10.1 mm. Most IHM presented in mammography as lesions with comparable density to the surrounding tissue, and a round or irregular shape with indistinct margins. On US, most lesions were of irregular shape with complex echo pattern and indistinct margins. MRI shows lesions with irregular or spiculated margins and miscellaneous enhancement patterns. Using US or MRI, IHM were more frequently classified as BI-RADS 4 or 5 than using mammography (96.2% and 89.3% versus 75.3%). IHM can present with miscellaneous radiological patterns. Sensitivity for detection of IHM lesions was higher in US and MRI than in mammography.
PIK3R1Met326Ile germline mutation correlates with cysteine-rich protein 61 expression and poor prognosis in glioblastoma
Authors: Otani Yoshihiro , Ishida Joji , Kurozumi Kazuhiko , Oka Tetsuo , Shimizu Toshihiko , Tomita Yusuke , Hattori Yasuhiko , Uneda Atsuhito , Matsumoto Yuji , Michiue Hiroyuki , Tomida Shuta , Matsubara Takehiro , Ichikawa Tomotsugu , Date Isao 
Published: August 2017

AbstractDespite therapeutic advances, glioblastoma represents a lethal brain tumor. Recently, research to identify prognostic markers for glioblastoma has intensified. Our previous study demonstrated that median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with high cysteine-rich protein 61 (CCN1) expression was significantly shorter than that of patients with low CCN1 expression. To understand the molecular mechanisms that regulate CCN1 expression, we examined 147 tumour samples from 80 patients with glioblastoma and 67 patients with lower grade glioma. Next-generation and Sanger sequencing showed that PIK3R1Met326Ile was more frequent in the CCN1 high expression group (10/37 cases, 27.0%) than the CCN1 low expression group (3/38 cases, 7.9%) in glioblastoma. This mutation was also detected in corresponding blood samples. In multivariate analysis, high CCN1 expression and PIK3R1Met326Ile in glioblastoma patients were prognostic factors for OS [HR = 2.488 (1.298–4.769), p = 0.006] and [HR = 2.089 (1.020–4.277), p = 0.0439], respectively. Thus, the PIK3R1Met326Ile germline appears to be correlated with CCN1 expression and poor prognosis in glioblastoma.
Genetic variation in compensatory feeding for dietary dilution in a generalist caterpillar
Authors: Lee Kwang Pum 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIncreasing the rate of food consumption is a common adaptive strategy that allows herbivores to compensate for declines in nutrient concentrations in plant tissues. Herbivores that are better able to compensate for dietary dilution may have selective advantages under nutritionally poor conditions. In order for compensatory feeding to respond to selection, there must be standing heritable variation for this trait. However, empirical data substantiating the adaptive significance and genetic variability of compensatory feeding are rare. By employing a full-sib, split-brood design, this study presents quantitative genetic analyses on the nutrient consumption rates of the generalist caterpillar, Spodoptera exigua, raised on semi-synthetic diets differing in nutrient concentrations. When encountering a diluted diet, caterpillars exhibited a compensatory increase in food consumption rate, but the extent of this increase was not sufficient to fully compensate for dietary dilution. A significant gene-environment interaction for consumption rate indicated that the capacity of caterpillars to compensate for dietary dilution varied across genotypes. The broad-sense heritability of compensatory feeding was 0.51. Caterpillar genotypes with a higher compensatory capacity suffered lower performance losses on the diluted diet than did those with a lower capacity. This study has implications for understanding how herbivores can evolutionarily respond to nutritional challenges.
E-Liquid Autofluorescence can be used as a Marker of Vaping Deposition and Third-Hand Vape Exposure
Authors: Davis Eric S. , Sassano M. Flori , Goodell Henry , Tarran Robert 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the past 5 years, e-cigarette use has been increasing rapidly, particularly in youth and young adults. Due to the novelty of e-cigarettes (e-cigs) and e-cigarette liquids (e-liquids), research on their chemo-physical properties is still in its infancy. Here, we describe a previously unknown and potentially useful property of e-liquids, namely their autofluorescence. We performed an emission scan at 9 excitation wavelengths common to fluorescent microscopy and found (i) that autofluorescence differs widely between e-liquids, (ii) that e-liquids are most fluorescent in the UV range (between 350 and 405 nm) and (iii) fluorescence intensity wanes as the emission wavelength increases. Furthermore, we used the autofluorescence of e-liquids as a marker for tracking e-cig aerosol deposition in the laboratory. Using linear regression analysis, we were able to quantify the deposition of a “vaped” e-liquid onto hard surfaces. Using this technique, we found that every 70 mL puff of an e-cigarette deposited 0.019% e-liquid (v/v) in a controlled environment. Finally, we vaped a surface in the laboratory and used our method to detect e-cig aerosol third-hand exposure. In conclusion, our data suggest that e-cigarette autofluorescence can be used as a marker of e-cigarette deposition.
Single-impurity-induced Dicke quantum phase transition in a cavity-Bose-Einstein condensate
Authors: Yuan Ji-Bing , Lu Wang-Jun , Song Ya-Ju , Kuang Le-Man 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe present a new generalized Dicke model, an impurity-doped Dicke model (IDDM), by the use of an impurity-doped cavity-Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). It is shown that the impurity atom can induce Dicke quantum phase transition (QPT) from the normal phase to superradiant phase at a critic value of the impurity population. It is found that the impurity-induced Dicke QPT can happen in an arbitrary field-atom coupling regime while the Dicke QPT in the standard Dicke model occurs only in the strong coupling regime of the cavity field and atoms. This opens the possibility to realize the control of quantum properties of a macroscopic-quantum system (BEC) by using a microscopic quantum system (a single impurity atom).
Field-based assessment of the mechanism of maize yield enhancement by Azospirillum lipoferum CRT1
Authors: Rozier Camille , Hamzaoui Jihane , Lemoine Damien , Czarnes Sonia , Legendre Laurent 
Published: August 2017

AbstractPlant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) of the genus Azospirillum are known to enhance root growth and yield in many plant species including cereals. To probe the underlying mechanisms, correlations between modifications of yield and 6-leaf plantlet characteristics were estimated on maize in four fields with contrasting soil properties over two consecutive years using the commercial isolate A. lipoferum CRT1. In both years, plantlet metabolome, photosynthetic potential and organ morphology were found to display field- and inoculation-specific signatures. Metabolomic analyses revealed that A. lipoferum CRT1 mostly affected sugar metabolism with no suggested impact on N and P assimilation. Mineral nitrogen feeding increased yield but did not affect yield enhancement by the bacterial partner. However, greater improvements of leaf photosynthetic potential correlated with yield diminutions and larger plantlets in all of their proportions correlated with yield enhancements. Bacterial inoculation restored proper seed-to-adult plant ratio when it accidentally dropped below 80%. Only in these cases did it raise yield. All in all, securing mature plant density is hypothesized as being the primary driver of A. lipoferum CRT1-mediated yield enhancement in maize fields.
Associations among oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) DNA methylation in adulthood, exposure to early life adversity, and childhood trajectories of anxiousness
Authors: Gouin J. P. , Zhou Q. Q. , Booij L. , Boivin M. , Côté S. M. , Hébert M. , Ouellet-Morin I. , Szyf M. , Tremblay R. E. , Turecki G. , Vitaro F. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecent models propose deoxyribonucleic acid methylation of key neuro-regulatory genes as a molecular mechanism underlying the increased risk of mental disorder associated with early life adversity (ELA). The goal of this study was to examine the association of ELA with oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) methylation among young adults. Drawing from a 21-year longitudinal cohort, we compared adulthood OXTR methylation frequency of 46 adults (23 males and 23 females) selected for high or low ELA exposure based on childhood socioeconomic status and exposure to physical and sexual abuse during childhood and adolescence. Associations between OXTR methylation and teacher-rated childhood trajectories of anxiousness were also assessed. ELA exposure was associated with one significant CpG site in the first intron among females, but not among males. Similarly, childhood trajectories of anxiousness were related to one significant CpG site within the promoter region among females, but not among males. This study suggests that females might be more sensitive to the impact of ELA on OXTR methylation than males.
Recent Advances in the Synthesis of Hydrogenated Azocine-Containing­ Molecules
Authors: Listratova Anna , Voskressensky Leonid 
Published: August 2017

This review covers recent advances in synthesis of azocine-containing systems. The most approaches towards azocines are discussed.1	Introduction2	Ring-Expansion Reaction2.1	Ring-Expansion Reaction of Cyclopentane Containing the 1,4-Diketone Moiety with Primary Amines (from 5 to 8)2.2	Ring-Expansion Reaction of Annulated Tetrahydropyridines under the Action of Activated Alkynes (from 6 to 8)2.3	Reductive Ring-Expansion Reaction of Cyclic Oximes2.4	Other Ring-Expansion Reactions3	Heck Reaction4	Cycloaddition5	Ring-Closing Metathesis (RCM)6	Cyclization6.1	Metal-Catalyzed Cyclization6.2	Radical Cyclization6.3	Friedel–Crafts Cyclization6.4	Other Examples of Cyclizations7	Microwave- and Photo-Assisted Reactions8	Other Methods8.1	Cascade and Tandem Reactions8.2	Aldol Condensation8.3	Thermolysis8.4	Ring Opening8.5	Other Methods9	Conclusion
Can a CT be Omitted in Pediatric Minor Head Trauma?
Authors: Sinzig Maria , Achatz Eveline , Fasching Günter , Arneitz Christoph 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThis study aimed to evaluate the need for radiation exposure in pediatric minor head trauma. Symptomatic patients after minor head trauma were observed for at least 24 hours in a 13-month period. A computed tomography (CT) scan was performed on children with a depressed neurological status. Two hundred fourteen patients with a mean age of 9.3 years were included. An intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) was diagnosed in three (1.4%) patients. The overall CT rate was 10.7%. The study concluded that neuro-observation without initial CT scans is safe in infants and children following minor head trauma. Special pediatric CT protocol can limit radiation exposure.
Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator Free Flaps for Use in Complicated Groin Wound Repair: A Case Report of Severe Groin Scar Contracture and Review of Pedicled and Free Flaps in Groin Wound Repair
Authors: Sandelin Roger , Klein Richard , Kotick James 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe use of pedicled and free flaps for tissue transfer and coverage has become a common practice in modern plastic surgery. An area that presents considerable challenge for tissue coverage is the groin. Defects in this area are complicated by issues such as prior surgery; scar contracture; extension of the defect beyond the borders of the groin; radiation damage; high probability of infection; and involvement of vital underlying structures, the genitalia, and perineal and perianal area. Therefore, the choice of donor site and flap usage is often difficult. Multiple methods of tissue transfer closure have been reported in the literature for repair of such defects and are reviewed in the following text. Here the authors present the case of a 30-year-old Caucasian woman born with a congenital giant hairy nevus of her left lower back, buttock, posterior thigh, and flank, who underwent wide local excision and skin grafting as a newborn. After several operations, the closure broke down and was left to heal by secondary intention. She has since developed excessive scar tissue leading to pain with ambulation secondary to scar contracture involving her labia majora. In this report, the wound was repaired with a free DIEP flap with excellent result and resolution of all symptoms.
Testosteronmangel und Demenz
Authors: Dimopoulou Christina , Stalla Günter 
Published: August 2017

Was ist neu?
Epidemiologie und Risikofaktoren für Demenz Insgesamt leben in Deutschland gegenwärtig fast 1,6 Mio. Demenzkranke mit Alzheimer als häufigster Ursache. Die Prävalenz der Demenz nimmt mit Alter, weiblichem Geschlecht und niedrigem Bildungsniveau deutlich zu.
Pathophysiologie von Demenz bei Testosteronmangel Neben einem niedrigen Testosteron-Spiegel können auch andere Sexualhormone, metabolisches Syndrom, Diabetes mellitus und Ernährungsgewohnheiten eine Rolle bei schlechter kognitiver Leistung, Demenz und depressiven Symptomen spielen.
Testosteron und Hirnfunktion Ergebnisse aus Zellkultur und Tierversuchen können heutzutage überzeugende Hinweise liefern, dass Testosteron eine protektive Wirkung auf die Hirnfunktion haben könnte. In vivo sind mögliche Effekte einer Testosterontherapie auf die Kognition nach der aktuellen Studienlage umstritten. Weitere multizentrische, randomisierte Studien sind erforderlich, um die Vorteile einer Testosteronsubstitution auf die Kognition älterer Männer zu untersuchen.
Endoskopische Therapie bei gastrointestinalen Neoplasien
Authors: Bruun Sabine , Knabe Mate , Ell Christian 
Published: August 2017

Was ist neu?
Endoskopische Resektionstechniken Mit der endoskopischen Submukosadissektion (ESD) können auch größere Läsionen en bloc reseziert werden. Eine Weiterentwicklung der ESD sind Tunnelungstechniken, die bis dato nur in kleineren Pilotserien durchgeführt wurden. Mit der endoskopischen Vollwandresektion können Läsionen, die mit den konventionellen Techniken nicht entfernt werden können, reseziert werden.
Ablative Verfahren Ein neues Verfahren zur Ablation von gastrointestinalen Neoplasien ist die Hybrid-APC, hierbei wird die Argon-Plasma-Koagulation (APC)-Therapie mit einer vorherigen Unterspritzung kombiniert, wodurch die Rate an Strikturen gesenkt werden soll.
Endoskopische Therapie in der Palliation Neue Innovationen in der Palliation sind die endosonografische Gastroenterostomie, die endosonografisch gesteuerte Radiofrequenzablation solider Tumoren und die endoskopisch retrograde Cholangiopankreatografie mit Radiofrequenzablation.
Three modalities on common bile duct exploration
Authors: Zhou Yong , Wu Xu-Dong , Zha Wen-Zhang , Fan Ren-Gen , Zhang Biao , Xu Yong-Hua , Qin Cheng-Lin , Jia Jing 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Background Choledocholithiasis can be managed by transcystic (TC) and transduct (TD) stone extraction or using cholangioscopy through the left hepatic duct orifice (LHD).
Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of common bile duct exploration through the TC approach, TD approach, and LHD approach for choledocholithiasis, with a specific emphasis on the TC and LHD approaches versus the TD approach.
Methods Between January 2011 and June 2014, a total of 172 choledocholithiasis patients accompanied by cholecystitis and/or left intrahepatic gallstones were scheduled for laparoscopic or open common bile duct (CBD) exploration using cholangioscopy through the CBD (TD group: n = 72), cystic duct (TC group: n = 63), or LHD orifice (LHD group: n = 37). T-tube insertion was performed in selected patients. Patients were regularly followed up at bimonthly intervals or more frequently in presence of any symptom. Primary outcomes measures included overall operative time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative bile leaks.
Results Successful bile duct clearance was 100 % in the TD group, 93.6 % in the TC group, and 90.9 % in the LHD group. Sixteen cases in the TD group had T-tube placement in contrast to no cases in the TC and LHD groups. There were more bile leaks after TD stone extraction (12.5 %) than TC (3.2 %) and LHD stone extraction (0 %), which prolonged hospitalization in the TD group more than in the TC and LHD groups. For choledocholithiasis patients accompanied by cholecystitis, 2 groups (TC and TD groups) were comparable in operative time. However, for choledocholithiasis patients accompanied by left intrahepatic gallstones, the LHD group had a significantly shorter operative time than the TD group (121.1 ± 16.9 minutes vs. 149.3 ± 42.8 minutes, p < 0.05).
Conclusion The TD group had a higher stone clearance rate but was associated with a higher risk of bile leaks. TC and LHD stone extraction, which seems to be the more effective approach with lower complication rates, is an accessible technique that simplifies the operation procedure by avoiding choledochotomy and subsequent T-tube insertion.