bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Short-term influence of Immufen™ on mild allergic rhinitis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Authors: K Mamatha , Aryan Manu Kanjoormana , Prabhakaran Prathibha , Mulakal Johannah Natinga , Das S Syam , IM Krishnakumar , Parameswara Panicker Sreejith 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionAllergic rhinitis (AR) is an IgE-mediated reaction to inhaled allergens, and is a prominent health concern affecting approximately 400 million people worldwide. A comprehensive understanding of AR's pathophysiology is imperative for developing novel therapies, especially considering its frequent co-morbidity with asthma and conjunctivitis. The escalating prevalence of AR is correlated with increased urbanization and environmental pollutants, recognized as prominent contributing factors. Dysregulation in immune networks, Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance, activation of mast cells and eosinophils are implicated in AR progression. Classic AR symptoms include nasal congestion, nasal itching, rhinorrhea, and sneezing which significantly impact the quality of life, social interactions, and workplace productivity.MethodsThis randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, three-arm, three-sequence study was aimed to assess the efficacy of supplementation of a co-delivery form of turmeric extract with ashwagandha extract (CQAB) in comparison with a bioavailable curcumin (CGM) and placebo in alleviating AR symptoms and enhancing the quality of life in individuals with mild AR. Participants received either placebo, CGM, or CQAB twice/day for 28 days, and subjective measures were recorded at the baseline and at the end of study.ResultsCQAB supplementation demonstrated a significant (P &lt; 0.05) improvement in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) compared to placebo and CGM. Furthermore, CQAB administration resulted in enhanced sleep quality (P &lt; 0.05) as evaluated by the BIS questionnaire, heightened energy levels, and decreased fatigue and overall mood disturbance (POMS-SF) compared to both placebo and CGM.ConclusionThe results suggests that CQAB has the potential to be used as a dietary supplement in alleviating AR discomforts.Clinical Trial Registrationhttps://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php; Identifier CTRI/2021/01/030355.
PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab treated patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Jia Yan , Zhang Jie , Shi Yehui , Dong Guolei , Guo Xiaojing , Tong Zhongsheng 
Published: October 2024

PurposeTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly challenging subtype due to a unique tumor microenvironment. Several evidence (IMpassion130 trial and KEYNOTE-355 trial) supported the therapeutic effect of the immune checkpoint inhibitor in TNBC. However, the efficacy and safety of the PD-1 inhibitor sintilimab in breast cancer (BC) has not been well-investigated. So the real-world data on sintilimab-treated patients with metastatic BC were collected and analyzed in this study.MethodsThe patients were eligible according to the requirements included: ages between 18 years and 75 years; recurrent or metastatic TNBC; measurable disease based on RECIST v1.1; no limitation on the prior systemic treatments; and ECOG performance status of 0–1. Patients received sintilimab 200 mg intravenously every 3 weeks until unacceptable toxicity or disease progression.ResultsFrom 1 June 2019 to 1 October 2022, 40 female patients (median age, 55.5 years) with metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) were enrolled into the study. The median prior lines of systemic therapy for mTNBC was three (range, 1–8), with 60% of cases receiving at least three lines of therapy for metastatic disease. The visceral or brain metastasis was detected in 40.4% or 9.6% of patients, respectively. The median duration of response was 2.8 months (range, 0.7–21.0), and the median number of sintilimab doses administered was 4 (range, 1–30). The ORR and DCR were 22.5% and 72.5%, separately. The median PFS was 3.5 months (range, 1.4–21.0), with a 6-month PFS rate of 15.0% (6/40). The median OS was 52.5 months (range, 9.0–247.0) as of data cut-off. Common adverse effects were acceptable, and fatigue, skin rash, and pruritus were the frequent toxicity observed. Two cases of grade 3 curable adverse events were considered to be treatment-related. PD-L1-positive tumor was found in 40% cases (4/10) of mTNBC. Although statistical difference was not reached, the trend was obvious. Patients with PD-L1-positive tumor gained better treatment response, while the TMB-high carrier received more benefits of PFS and OS.ConclusionIn our study, preliminary evidence provided the anticancer activity and acceptable adverse effects of sintilimab administered every 3 weeks to pretreated patients with mTNBC. Sintilimab showed its efficacy and safety of immunotherapy for patients with advanced TNBC.
Association between weekend admission and in-hospital mortality for patients with ischemic heart disease upon surgery treatment
Authors: Liu Tianzhao , Lin Chuangpeng , Jia Chenyang , Wu Binbin , Liu Hailong , Liang Yan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThe existence and reasons for the weekend effect in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD) were not yet fully identified. This study aimed to evaluate whether weekend admission was independently associated with in-hospital mortality and the possible mechanisms associated with the IHD patients.MethodsThe study was a retrospective study, including IHD patients from 2015 to 2023. The International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10) codes were used to identify all admissions with a primary diagnosis of IHD. The sample was divided into weekday and weekend groups. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis and a mediation analysis to estimate the effect of weekend admission on hospital mortality.ResultsA total of 18,906 IHD patients were included in the study, with an average age of 63.8 ± 12.7. Of these patients, 21.7% (n = 4,102) were admitted over the weekend. The in-hospital 30-days mortality rate was significantly higher among the patients admitted at weekends compared with those admitted at weekdays (2.0% vs. 1.1%). Respectively, the 30-day mortality rate of patients admitted on weekends was higher compared to patients admitted on weekdays among patients with surgical treatment (2.34% vs. 1.06%, OR = 1.75; 95% CI: 1.23–2.42) and with emergency admission (3.48% vs. 2.59%, OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.05–2.28). Mediation analyses showed that the surgical scheduling had significant mediated effects on the associations of admission time with mortality risk.ConclusionsIHD patients with a surgical therapy or admitted from emergency department had a significantly higher risk of mortality when admitted on weekends compared to weekdays. These findings have potential implications for resource allocation and redistribution of surgery to weekends in hospitals.
Tracing links between micronutrients and type 2 diabetes risk: the singular role of selenium
Authors: Zeng Wenxing , Jiang Shan , Cun Dejun , Huang Feng , Jiang Ziwei 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing global health concern. While micronutrients are crucial for physiological functions and metabolic balance, their precise links to T2D are not fully understood.MethodsWe investigated the causal relationships between 15 key micronutrients and T2D risk using both univariate and multivariate Mendelian randomization (MR) methods. Our analysis leveraged data from a large prospective cohort genome-wide association study (GWAS) on these micronutrients and T2D. We employed MR techniques such as inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR Egger, weighted median, and simple models. Multivariate analysis adjusted for diabetes-related factors like body mass index (BMI) and hypertension to assess the independent effects of micronutrients, particularly selenium, on T2D risk.ResultsSelenium intake was associated with an increased risk of T2D, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.045, a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.009 to 1.082, and a P-value of 0.015. This association was consistent in multivariate analyses, suggesting an independent effect of selenium on T2D risk after adjusting for confounders.ConclusionOur study presents novel evidence of a positive correlation between selenium intake and T2D risk, underscoring the importance of micronutrients in diabetes prevention and treatment strategies. Further research is necessary to confirm these findings and to clarify the specific biological mechanisms through which selenium influences diabetes risk.
Enhanced joint pain in diabetic patients with knee osteoarthritis is associated with increased synovitis, synovial immune cell infiltration, and erythrocyte extravasation
Authors: Eitner Annett , Rutte Veronika , Marintschev Ivan , Hofmann Gunther O. , Schaible Hans-Georg 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveDiabetes mellitus (DM) is an important risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis (OA), increasing OA progression and OA pain. To gain insight into the underlying mechanisms of how DM exacerbates OA processes and OA pain, this study analyzed histological differences of synovial tissues from non-DM and DM patients with OA and correlated these differences with knee pain severity.Materials and methodsSynovial tissue was obtained from 12 non-DM and 10 DM patients with advanced knee OA who underwent total knee arthroplasty. Synovial inflammation was assessed using the Synovitis score developed by Krenn. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) was used to assess knee pain intensity and disability in OA patients. The number of mast cells, macrophages, nerve fibers, capillaries, larger vessels and erythrocyte extravasation were analyzed microscopically in histological and immunostained synovial sections from non-DM and DM patients. Association analyses were performed to determine associations between OA knee pain and synovial changes affected by DM.ResultsSynovial tissue from OA patients with DM had a higher synovitis score, more erythrocyte extravasation, and contained higher numbers of mast cells and macrophages compared to non-DM patients. The number of capillaries and vessels in the lining/sublining layer of the synovial tissue was reduced in DM patients. OA patients with DM had more severe knee pain compared to non-DM patients. The KOOS pain score was associated with the synovitis score, the number of tissue macrophages, and the number of mast cells in the synovial tissue (adjusted for age, sex, and BMI). In addition, the erythrocyte extravasation score was associated with the KOOS pain score and with the synovitis score.ConclusionThe study suggests that increased OA progression and pain severity in patients with DM result from more pronounced synovitis and synovial vascular leakage and increased infiltration of macrophages and mast cells.
Tenacibaculum maritimum can boost inflammation in Dicentrarchus labrax upon peritoneal injection but cannot trigger tenacibaculosis disease
Authors: Ferreira Inês A. , Santos Paulo , Moxó Javier Sanz , Teixeira Carla , do Vale Ana , Costas Benjamin 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionDespite being a bacterial pathogen with devastating consequences, Tenacibaculum maritimum’s pathogenesis is not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to elucidate if different inoculation routes (intraperitoneal - i.p - injection and bath challenge - known to induce mortality) can induce tenacibaculosis (i.e., using the same T. maritimum inoculum), as well as evaluate the short-term immune response of European sea bass (D. labrax). Additionally, the host response against i.p. injection of extracellular products (ECPs) was also studied.MethodsFish were i.p. challenged with 5.5 × 105 CFU mL-1 of T. maritimum cells with or without ECPs (BECPs and BWO, respectively), ECPs alone or marine broth (mock). Another group of fish was bath-challenged with 5.5 × 105 CFU mL-1 to confirm the virulence of the bacterial inoculum. Undisturbed specimens were used as controls. The severity of both challenges was determined by following percentage survival. Blood, liver and head-kidney samples were collected at 0, 3, 6, 24 and 48 h post-challenge for assessing immune parameters, oxidative stress and gene expression. Total and differential peritoneal cell counts were performed. The presence of viable bacteria in the blood and peritoneal cavity was studied.ResultsSymptoms of tenacibaculosis, such as skin/fin abrasions, were only observed in the bath-challenged fish, where 0% survival was recorded, whereas 100% survival was observed after i.p. injection of the same bacterial inoculum. An increase in total leukocyte numbers in the peritoneal cavity was observed 3 h post-injection of BECPs when compared to the other treatments. Blood total leukocytes, lymphocytes, and thrombocyte numbers dropped after the challenge, mainly in fish challenged with BECPs. At 48 h post-challenge, bactericidal activity in the plasma increased in fish injected with bacteria (with and without ECPs). The same tendency was seen for some of the oxidative stress parameters.Discussion/ConclusionsThe increased expression of il1β, il6, il8, and hamp1 in fish challenged with ECPs and BECPs suggests a more exacerbated pro-inflammatory response in the head-kidney against these inocula. The infection trial and the observed immune responses showed that the infection route is a determinant factor regarding T. maritimum-induced pathogenesis in European sea bass.
Real-world study and prognostic analysis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma
Authors: Li Suxiao , Feng Xiaoyan , Song Yunfei , Fan Mengke , Chen Qingjiang , Zhang Mingzhi , Wu Xiaolong , Dong Meng , Zhang Jieming , Han Lijuan , Zhang Xudong 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical prognostic factors and treatments for angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) and develop a novel prognostic model specifically for AITL.MethodWe retrospectively analyzed 231 patients with AITL from the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients were enrolled between January 2014 and July 2023. The primary end points were overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).ResultThe patients’ median age was 63 years, with 88.3% at an advanced stage (III/IV). The majority of patients (47.6%) received anthracycline-containing regimens, and there was no significant difference in survival compared with those treated with epigenetic-targeting and gemcitabine- containing regimens. The median PFS and OS were 6 and 17 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, age &gt;60 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status ≥2, elevated LDH, and splenomegaly were associated with inferior OS. Based on these four factors, a novel prognostic model (AITL model) was constructed that stratified patients into low‐, intermediate‐, and high‐risk groups, with 2-year OS estimates of 63.6%, 42.1%, and 18.6%, respectively.ConclusionCurrently, there is no consensus on the optimal initial therapy for AITL, and the efficacy of anthracycline-containing regimens remains suboptimal. The novel model developed herein demonstrates predictive significance for both OS and PFS, and exhibits better stratification and discrimination capabilities.
Exercise effects on neuropsychiatric symptoms and quality of life in mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Chen Liang , Kim Sung Min 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundExercise is considered as a cost-efficient option for individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Although the potential benefits of exercise for improving cognitive function are recognized, its impact on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and the quality of life (QoL) in individuals with MCI remains unclear.ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the effects of exercise interventions on NPS, including depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and the quality of life in individuals with MCI.ResultsThere were 17 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involving 1,575 participants were included. The findings indicate a small but significant positive effect of exercise on depression (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.73 to −0.21), but the quality of the evidence is low. Mind–body exercises were relatively more effective in alleviating depression. No significant improvements were observed in sleep disorders (SMD = −1.27, 95% CI: −2.80 to 0.26). Exercise improved anxiety in one study but had no effect in the other. It also improved quality of life in seven studies, with two showing no effect.ConclusionThe findings suggest that exercise, particularly mind–body exercises, can improve depression in individuals with MCI. However, the effect of exercise on anxiety, sleep disorders, and quality of life is still uncertain, necessitating additional research. These findings underscore the significance of integrating customized exercise programs in managing MCI to boost quality of life and mitigate NPS.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/. ID: CRD42023445369.
Study on risk factor analysis and model prediction of hyperuricemia in different populations
Authors: Hou Kaifei , Shi Zhongqi , Ge Xueli , Song Xinyu , Yu Congying , Su Zhenguo , Wang Shaoping , Zhang Jiayu 
Published: October 2024

ObjectivesThe purpose of the present study was to explore the influencing factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) in different populations in Shandong Province based on clinical biochemical indicators. A prediction model for HUA was constructed to aid in the early prevention and screening of HUA.MethodsIn total, 705 cases were collected from five hospitals, and the risk factors were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, binary logistic regression, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve in the gender and age groups. All data were divided into a training set and test set (7:3). The training set included age, gender, total protein (TP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and 15 other indicators. The random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) methods were used to build the HUA model, and model performances were evaluated through 10-fold cross-validation to select the optimal method. Finally, features were extracted, and the ROC curve of the test set was generated.ResultsTP, LDL-C, and glucose (GLU) were risk factors for HUA, and the area under the curve (AUC) value of the SVM validation set was 0.875.ConclusionThe SVM model based on clinical biochemical indicators has good predictive ability for HUA, thus providing a reference for the diagnosis of HUA and the development of an HUA prediction model.
Associations of sarcopenia, obesity, and metabolic health with the risk of urinary incontinence in U.S. adult women: a population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Shao Fei-Xue , Luo Wei-Jia , Lou Li-Qun , Wan Sheng , Zhao Shi-Feng , Zhou Tian-Fan , Zhou Chen-Chen , Yang Ying-Ying , Wu Gui-Zhu , Hua Xiao-Lin 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) significantly impairs women’s quality of life. Identifying its risk factors is essential for developing effective interventions. Sarcopenia, characterized by the accelerated loss of muscle mass and function, is an emerging concern often linked to obesity and abnormal metabolic status, exacerbating various adverse health outcomes. This population-based study aimed to explore the independent and joint associations of sarcopenia, obesity, and metabolic health with UI risk, as well as to evaluate the mediating role of metabolic indicators in these associationsMethodsA total of 3,557 women aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Sarcopenia was assessed using the appendicular lean mass index (ALMI), and obesity was defined by body mass index and waist circumference. Metabolic health was evaluated using revised criteria from the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III. UI was identified through responses to the “Kidney Conditions-Urology” questionnaire and classified into stress UI (SUI), urgency UI (UUI), and mixed UI (MUI). Multivariable logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were used to evaluate the associations and visualize the relationship between ALMI and UI. Mediation models were constructed to assess the mediating role of metabolic indicators.ResultsWe found that sarcopenia was significantly associated with an increased risk of MUI in the general population. Age-specific analysis revealed that sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for SUI in women aged ≥60, and for MUI in women aged 40–59 years. Sarcopenic obesity, particularly under central obesity criteria, further elevated the risk of UI. Notably, women with the metabolically unhealthy obese phenotype with sarcopenia were at the highest risk for both SUI and MUI. Metabolically unhealthy status, glycohemoglobin, vitamin D, and serum albumin levels were partial mediators of these associations.ConclusionOur findings elucidated the complex interactions between sarcopenia, obesity, and metabolic health, underscoring the critical need for integrated therapeutic strategies that address both metabolic health and targeted nutritional interventions, aiming to enhance muscular health and effectively manage and prevent UI.
Subinhibitory concentrations of antibiotics affect development and parameters of Helicobacter pylori biofilm
Authors: Krzyżek Paweł , Migdał Paweł , Tusiewicz Kaja , Zawadzki Marcin , Szpot Paweł 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionHelicobacter pylori causes chronic gastric diseases in nearly 50% of people around the world. It is suggested that biofilm formation has a pronounced effect on the dynamic resistance spread and recurrence of these infections.MethodsTo mimic the scenario of therapeutic ineffectiveness, we investigated the impact of sub-minimal inhibitory concentrations (sub-MICs) of antibiotics on the development and parameters of biofilms produced by clinical H. pylori strains.ResultsWe observed that constant exposure of planktonic forms to metronidazole or levofloxacin stimulated the speed of autoaggregation and the amount of extracellular matrix, resulting in increased dimensions of the developed biofilms. Contrary to this, continuous exposure to clarithromycin negatively affected a number of biofilm-related reactions and led to the biofilm-weakening effect. Through assessing the membrane fatty acid profiles of antibiotic-exposed cells, we confirmed that metronidazole and levofloxacin induced a biofilm-like phenotype, while clarithromycin kept bacteria in a planktonic form.DiscussionOur results suggest that sub-MICs of antibiotics affect the biochemical and biophysical properties of the developing biofilm of H. pylori strains and may impact the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment.