bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of SLCO2B1 Genotypes With Time to Progression and Overall Survival in Patients Receiving Androgen-Deprivation Therapy for Prostate Cancer
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Harshman Lauren C. , Xie Wanling , Nakabayashi Mari , Qu Fangfang , Pomerantz Mark M. , Lee Gwo-Shu Mary , Kantoff Philip W. 
Published: December 2015

Purpose To validate the association of three previously demonstrated SLCO2B1 germline variants with time to progression (TTP) in patients receiving androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), and to evaluate if the SLCO2B1 genetic variants impacted overall survival (OS) for prostate cancer (PC). Patients and Methods Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), exonic SNP rs12422149 and intronic SNPs rs1789693 and rs1077858, were genotyped in an independent validation cohort of 616 patients with PC who were treated with ADT at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute from 1996 to 2013. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression adjusting for known prognostic factors estimated the association of these genetic variants with TTP and OS in patients receiving ADT. The expression of SLCO2B1 was examined in prostatectomy samples, and the impact of SLCO2B1 expression level on DHEAS (dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) uptake was evaluated in cell lines. Results The association between exonic SNP rs12422149 and TTP in patients treated with ADT was confirmed in univariable (P = .019) and multivariable analyses (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.00 to 1.72 for GG v AA/AG; P = .049). Because OS had not been previously evaluated, we examined the association in the combined initial and validation cohorts (N = 1,094). The intronic SNP rs1077858 was associated with OS in both univariable (P = .009; Bonferroni’s method adjusted P = .027) and multivariable analyses (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.07 to 1.71 for GG v AA/AG; P = .012). SLCO2B1 expression in normal prostate tissue and in 22RV1 cells carrying the major allele of SNP rs1077858 was significantly lower than in cells carrying the risk allele. We show in vitro that SLCO2B1 expression levels correlated with DHEAS uptake by PC cells. Conclusion The association of SNP rs1077858 with OS may be a result of differential SLCO2B1 expression and the consequent increased uptake of DHEAS and subsequent resistance to ADT, which, in turn, may contribute to decreased OS.
Conditional Deletion of Bmal1 in Ovarian Theca Cells Disrupts Ovulation in Female Mice
Authors: Mereness Amanda L. , Murphy Zachary C. , Forrestel Andrew C. , Butler Susan , Ko CheMyong , Richards JoAnne S. , Sellix Michael T. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractRhythmic events in female reproductive physiology, including ovulation, are tightly controlled by the circadian timing system. The molecular clock, a feedback loop oscillator of clock gene transcription factors, dictates rhythms of gene expression in the hypothalamo-pituitary-ovarian axis. Circadian disruption due to environmental factors (eg, shift work) or genetic manipulation of the clock has negative impacts on fertility. Although the central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus classically regulates the timing of ovulation, we have shown that this rhythm also depends on phasic sensitivity to LH. We hypothesized that this rhythm relies on clock function in a specific cellular compartment of the ovarian follicle. To test this hypothesis we generated mice with deletion of the Bmal1 locus in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) (Granulosa Cell Bmal1 KO; GCKO) or theca cells (TCs) (Theca Cell Bmal1 KO; TCKO). Reproductive cycles, preovulatory LH secretion, ovarian morphology and behavior were not grossly altered in GCKO or TCKO mice. We detected phasic sensitivity to LH in wild-type littermate control (LC) and GCKO mice but not TCKO mice. This decline in sensitivity to LH is coincident with impaired fertility and altered patterns of LH receptor (Lhcgr) mRNA abundance in the ovary of TCKO mice. These data suggest that the TC is a pacemaker that contributes to the timing and amplitude of ovulation by modulating phasic sensitivity to LH. The TC clock may play a critical role in circadian disruption-mediated reproductive pathology and could be a target for chronobiotic management of infertility due to environmental circadian disruption and/or hormone-dependent reprogramming in women.
Comprehensive Profiling of GPCR Expression in Ghrelin-Producing Cells
Authors: Koyama Hiroyuki , Iwakura Hiroshi , Dote Katsuko , Bando Mika , Hosoda Hiroshi , Ariyasu Hiroyuki , Kusakabe Toru , Son Choel , Hosoda Kiminori , Akamizu Takashi , Kangawa Kenji , Nakao Kazuwa 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
To determine the comprehensive G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expression profile in ghrelin-producing cells and to elucidate the role of GPCR-mediated signaling in the regulation of ghrelin secretion, we determined GPCR expression profiles by RNA sequencing in the ghrelin-producing cell line MGN3-1 and analyzed the effects of ligands for highly expressed receptors on intracellular signaling and ghrelin secretion. Expression of selected GPCRs was confirmed in fluorescence-activated cell-sorted fluorescently tagged ghrelin-producing cells from ghrelin-promoter CreERT2/Rosa-CAG-LSL-ZsGreen1 mice. Expression levels of GPCRs previously suggested to regulate ghrelin secretion including adrenergic-β1 receptor, GPR81, oxytocin receptor, GPR120, and somatostatin receptor 2 were high in MGN3-1 cells. Consistent with previous reports, isoproterenol and oxytocin stimulated the Gs and Gq pathways, respectively, whereas lactate, palmitate, and somatostatin stimulated the Gi pathway, confirming the reliability of current assays. Among other highly expressed GPCRs, prostaglandin E receptor 4 agonist prostaglandin E2 significantly stimulated the Gs pathway and ghrelin secretion. Muscarine, the canonical agonist of cholinergic receptor muscarinic 4, stimulated both the Gq and Gi pathways. Although muscarine treatment alone did not affect ghrelin secretion, it did suppress forskolin-induced ghrelin secretion, suggesting that the cholinergic pathway may play a role in counterbalancing the stimulation of ghrelin by Gs (eg, by adrenaline). In addition, GPR142 ligand tryptophan stimulated ghrelin secretion. In conclusion, we determined the comprehensive expression profile of GPCRs in ghrelin-producing cells and identified two novel ghrelin regulators, prostaglandin E2 and tryptophan. These results will lead to a greater understanding of the physiology of ghrelin and facilitate the development of ghrelin-modulating drugs.
Zur Erwerbung der Bremer Papyrussammlung und des Apollonios-Archivs
Authors: Essler Holger , Hermes-Wladarsch Maria 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn the past, there have been contradictory statements about the acquisition of the Bremer Papyri, particularly in respect of their relationship to the “Deutsches Papyruskartell”. The article reconstructs in detail the history of the Bremen collection and the beginning of the Gießen collection by publishing the relevant documents held by Deutsches Archäologisches Insitut in Cairo and the state and university library Bremen.
Long-Term Outcomes of Kidney Transplantation from Elderly Donors
Authors: Jushinskis Janis , Malcevs Aleksandrs , Suhorukovs Vadims , Ziedina Ieva , Shevelev Victor 
Published: December 2015

Summary

Introduction. During the last years the percentage of elderly organ donors has increased significantly and may impact results of kidney transpalantations (KT).

Aim of the Study. Was to analyse results of kidney transplantation from elderly donors.

Materials and methods. In this study we analysed results of all consecutive KT from deceased donors (DD) performed in a single transplantation center during the period from 01.01.2004 till 31.12.2007, with the following exclusion criteria: unavailability of 5-year follow-up and transplantation from DD aged from 50 to 59 years. In result the study population consisted of 193 KT recipients, and all cases were divided into two groups according to donor age: group A (donor age >60 years, 27 KT from 18 DD, mean age of donors 62,6 + 2,1 years, mean age of recipients 58,0 + 9,0 years), and group B (donor age <49 years, 166 KT from 98 DD, mean age of donors 35,4 + 10,2 years, mean age of recipients 40,5 + 14,7 years). Groups were compared for posttransplant outcomes and 5-year graft and patient survival.

Results. During the study period the number of transplantations from donors aged >60 years amounted to 10.5% of all transplantations. The use of elderly donors was not associated with worse early posttrransplant results; in long-term it was associated with higher patient mortality and lower rate of death-censored graft losses, however analysis of survival revealed difference only in patient 5-year survival (p=0.001).

Conclusion. KT from older donors when allocated to age-matched recipients ensures acceptable outcomes and should be continued in the future with recommendation to keep cold ischemia time as short as possible and to introduce urgent analysis of donor kidney “zero” biospy.
Massive Weight Loss Due to Carcinoid Tumor
Authors: Rumba Roberts , Strumfa Ilze , Vanags Andrejs 
Published: December 2015

Summary
Neuroendocrine tumors are more common than previously thought and represent a group of malignancies that need special consideration regarding diagnostic and therapeutic approach. High level of suspicion is required to diagnose these tumors, thus delayed recognition and metastases are common. Vast options for surgical and nonsurgical treatment exist, including liver transplantation in special cases.
Zum Einsatz digitaler Methoden bei der Erstellung und Nutzung genetischer Editionen gedruckter Texte mit verschiedenen Fassungen
Authors: Bremer Thomas , Molitor Paul , Pöckelmann Marcus , Ritter Jörg , Schütz Susanne 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThis paper presents a digital working environment for exploratory analysis of the changes to the text of Raynal’s Histoire philosophique et politique des établissements et du commerce des Europeéns dans les deux Indes, a French text from 1770 about the negative influence of European civilization during the colonization of the East and West Indies which was significantly revised in 1774, 1780 and post-mortem in 1820. After a brief summary of the printing history, the features of the environment are presented. Starting with a general map of the corpus by means of a navigation bar and word clouds, the online platform provides users with the opportunity to analyse the text genesis in an exploratory manner. The general map leads the users to text passages of interest with respect to the text genesis. Synoptic representations together with colour markings adaptable to the respective philological problem make the revision history easily comprehensible and the text differences easily identifiable. The approach is, in principle, transferable to scholarly editions of other texts and texts in other languages.
Ein „buntes, wunderbares, sehr verschiedenartiges Ganzes“ – Goethes thematische Faszikel und neue Möglichkeiten ihrer Edition
Authors: Richter Elke , Rosenbaum Alexander 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe article focuses on the fascicle manuscripts of Goethe’s literary estate and investigates different ways of their edition. Goethe usually put letters and papers in a systematic order by himself, filing them in topics relevant to him for further use. For example, among his own manuscripts on scientific issues there are also letters from and to scientists such as Johann Friedrich Blumenbach, Carl Gustav Carus and Leopold Dorotheus Henning that belong to the same topic. However, there are also files compiled by Goethe himself that assemble letters received, diary notes and various other personal documents (i.e. three fascicles that keep records of his third journey to Switzerland in 1797). For a historicalcritical edition, these fascicles are particularly challenging because they are incommensurable with the traditional genres and conventional approaches to editing texts, by chronology and themes. The new Research Project of the Academy’s Programme „Propyläen. Forschungsplattform zu Goethes Biographica“, launched by the Klassik Stiftung Weimar, the Saxon Academy of Sciences in Leipzig and the Academy of Sciences and Literature, Mainz, establishes, for the first time, the basis for creating a complete digital edition, and therefore offers the opportunity to give consideration also to Goethe’s way of compilation.
Leitlinien und Zuglüste des Erzählens
Authors: Zimmermann Harm-Peer 
Published: December 2015

ZusammenfassungDer Beitrag interpretiert das Märchen Hans im Glück als Altersparabel. Was passiert, wenn wir uns Hans unter dem Leitgedanken des Alters, wenn wir ihn uns als einen alternden Menschen vorstellen? Selbstverständlich in Verbindung mit der Leitlinie Glück. Dann erscheint das Märchen als Exempel, das zeigt, wie man glücklich älter wird. Diese Deutung entwickelt der Beitrag in sechs Schritten: Hans im Glück als Antimärchen, als Alterstreppe, als Alternsexempel, als Alternsparodie, als Alternsutopie, als Pflegeutopie.
Andersens Kleine Meerjungfrau und ihre Vorbilder
Authors: Becker Siegfried 
Published: December 2015

ZusammenfassungGezeigt werden soll, wie Hans Christian Andersens Kunstmärchen Die kleine Meerjungfrau und das Grimm-Märchen Die Nixe im Teich vermutlich aus den gleichen Quellen geschöpft werden konnten, aus demselben Stoff geformt wurden und doch gänzlich andere Ergebnisse brachten, weil die Verfasser - Andersen und Wilhelm Grimm - völlig andere Vorstellungen von Autorschaft hatten.
Protective effect of Scutellaria species on AAPH-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocyte
Authors: Salini Sasidharan , Divya Menon Kunnathully , Chubicka Thomas , Meera Nair , Fulzele Devanand P. , Ragavamenon Achuthan C. , Babu Thekkekara Devassy 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background:
Scutellaria baicalensis is a well-known plant in traditional Chinese medicine. Recently, several Scutellaria species with therapeutic potential have been recognized worldwide. Scutellaria colebrookiana and Scutellaria violacea, native to the Western Ghats of India, are reported to possess free radical scavenging efficacy. At present, the protective effect of these Scutellaria spp. against 2,2′ azobis (2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride (AAPH)-induced oxidative damage in human erythrocytes has been analyzed.

Methods: Oxidative stress in erythrocyte was induced by AAPH. The inhibition of hemolysis, membrane lipid peroxidation, and protein damage by chloroform extracts of Scutellaria spp. was assessed biochemically. Phytochemicals of the extracts were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR).

Results: Approximately 95% of erythrocytes were lysed by AAPH over 3 h of incubation. Significant reduction in hemolysis was observed by the extracts, and the IC50 values were 18.3 and 23.5 μg/mL for S. colebrookiana and S. violacea, respectively. Both the extracts were found to inhibit AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation in ghost membrane with IC50 92±2.8 and 70±5.6 μg/mL. In the analysis of the membrane proteins using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), the AAPH-induced degradation of actin was found reduced by both the extracts. The FTIR spectrum revealed the presence of polyphenols, carboxylic acids, alkanes, and aromatic compounds in extracts. In quantitative analysis, the total polyphenolic content estimated was 380±0.23 and 203.7±1.4 mg of gallic acid equivalent per gram extract of S. colebrookiana and S. violacea.

Conclusions: Results indicate that S. colebrookiana and S. violacea are capable of protecting erythrocytes from oxidative damage. This cytoprotective effect of the extract is possibly by its antioxidant property.
Die Kriegswirtschaft im Ersten Weltkrieg – Trends der Forschung
Authors: Ziegler Dieter 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
During the 1960s and 1970s the war economy of World War I was a major field of interest. Its main focus was, however, the governance of the war economy and the relationship between business and politics. From then on the economic history of World War I came out of style and despite the 100th anniversary of its outbreak a recovery is out of sight. In contrast to previous research the following contributions focus on the reaction of (mainly) private business towards the unexpected and exceptional situation of a total war.
Die Ruhrkohle in der kriegswirtschaftlichen Regulierung, 1914-1918
Authors: Böse Christian , Ziegler Dieter 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The German war economy suffered from resource shortages during WWI because the Allies were able to block imports with its naval blockade. Coal was more or less the only natural resource relevant to the war economy which was available domestically and in abundance. Therefore, authorities were hardly concerned with the supply of coal when the war broke out. As the war lasted longer than expected, even the coal ran short. This article examines the measures adopted by the authorities to secure the supply of energy for the military, the war economy and households. On the one hand, the authorities relied on the syndicated marketing organization of the coal cartels. On the other hand, the Prussian state was itself a major coal producer in the Ruhr which was not part of the Ruhr Coal Syndicate and competed with the cartelized privately owned mining companies.
Staatliche Intervention und kartellierte Handlungslogik: Die Absatzgewinne des deutschniederländischen Kohlehandels während des Ersten Weltkrieges
Authors: Roelevink Eva-Maria 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
State intervention was characteristic of most industries after the outbreak of WWI. This contribution draws attention to the contractual effects of state intervention in the coal industries of Germany and the Netherlands. While Germany, foremost with the Coal Syndicate, was an exporter of coal, the Netherlands were traditionally dependent on German coal imports. Although both states intervened in the structure of their coal industries, the outcomes of intervention were unexpected and clearly deviated from the objectives defined by the states. As a result, the close relationship between the Coal-Syndicate and its Dutch Trading Association allowed advantages to be taken from state intervention in terms of their own profit.
Wirtschaftsdiplomatie im Totalen Krieg. Die Swiss Mission in den USA 1917
Authors: Weber Florian 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
In the spring of 1917 the United States entered the First World War. Switzerland and the other neutral European countries came under increasing pressure as the US wanted to embargo their economies. Switzerland had to adapt quickly to the new political order and sent a diplomatic mission to the United States to secure its food and commodity supply. Even though an agreement with the US authorities could be concluded, the policy outcome was strongly influenced by the economic and political agenda of the belligerents. Thus the scope for Swiss foreign policy was limited. The Swiss case shows the increasing influence of the United States and sheds light on the politics of neutrality during the First World War.
Deviation from the Fourier law in room-temperature heat pulse experiments
Authors: Both Soma , Czél Balázs , Fülöp Tamás , Gróf Gyula , Gyenis Ákos , Kovács Róbert , Ván Peter , Verhás József 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
We report heat pulse experiments at room temperature that cannot be described by Fourier's law. The experimental data are modeled properly by the Guyer–Krumhansl equation, in its over-diffusion regime. The phenomenon may be due to conduction channels with differing conductivities and parallel to the direction of the heat flux.
Evaluating health risk using a continuous metabolic syndrome score in obese children
Authors: Hesse Michelle Battista , Young Gregory , Murray Robert D. 
Published: December 2015

AbstractThe metabolic syndrome (MS) in pediatrics is controversial. Rather than a dichotomous scale, a continuous metabolic syndrome score (cMets) has been proposed to evaluate MS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the utility of a cMets score among an ethnically diverse cohort of children with acanthosis nigricans (AN).A retrospective chart review was used to extract clinical and laboratory information on a cohort of obese children. Criteria for MS components and the cMets score were established using published guidelines. Multiple linear regression evaluated the effect of AN status on MS and cMets. Fisher’s exact test compared the race differential on the presence or absence of MS component disorders.MS diagnosis was non-significant when considering AN status (p=0.554) and ethnicity (p=0.431). Evaluation of the frequency of component disorders, revealed that Caucasians had significantly higher levels of abnormal triglycerides (TG) (35.1 vs. 10.3%; p<0.001), whereas African Americans had significantly higher homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) scores (51.3% vs. 22.3%; p<0.001). cMets was sensitive to identifying metabolic risk among Caucasians with AN, only (p=0.029).This study found differences in health risk among an obese, ethnically diverse sample of children. cMets is a more sensitive marker of metabolic change compared with MS, especially when AN status and race are considered. cMets may pose an opportunity for the clinician to evaluate the interaction of health risks on the health status of obese children.
Relationship of fetuin-A with restenosis in patients who underwent revascularization
Authors: Karabag Turgut , Kucuk Emrah , Tekin İshak Ozel , Sayin Muhammet Rasit , Gursoy Yusuf Cemil , Aydin Mustafa 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Background: We investigated whether fetuin-A (a hepatic secretory protein that prevents arterial calcification) was related to revascularization in patients who had previously undergone coronary revascularization (percutaneous coronary intervention and/or coronary artery bypass grafting operation).

Methods: This study included 71 patients who had previously undergone any revascularization procedure. All patients presented to the cardiology outpatient clinic with angina or angina equivalent and underwent coronary angiography upon findings of preliminary tests. The patients were grouped on the basis of the presence of restenosis on angiography: Group 1 consisted of 44 subjects with restenosis on angiography (30 male, 14 female; mean age 64.2±4.2 years) and group 2; 30 subjects without restenosis on angiography (20 male, 10 female; 61.2±13.1 years). In addition to routine biochemical tests and lipid panel, all patients underwent C-reactive protein, and fetuin-A measurements.

Results: The groups were not significantly different with respect to age, sex, systolic and diastolic blood pressure. As compared to Group 2, Group 1 had a significantly lower fetuin-A level (383.8±76.2 vs. 416.3±49.3 ng/mL; p=0.029). There was a significantly negative correlation between fetuin-A and age; and a significantly positive correlation between fetuin-A and calcium.

Conclusions: Fetuin-A levels were significantly lower in patients detected to have restenosis. Lower fetuin-A levels may contribute to restenosis by directly increasing calcium-phosphate precipitation.