bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cross-linguistic patterns in the structure, function, and position of (object) complement clauses
Authors: Schmidtke-Bode Karsten , Diessel Holger 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present contribution examines object complement clauses from the perspective of constituent-order typology. In particular, it provides the first principled empirical investigation of the position of object clauses relative to the matrix verb. Based on a stratified sample of 100 languages, we establish that there is an overall cross-linguistic preference for postverbal complements, due largely to the heterogeneous ordering patterns in OV-languages. Importantly, however, we also show that the position of complement clauses correlates with aspects of their structural organization: Preverbal complement clauses are significantly more likely to be coded by morphosyntactically “downgraded” structures than postverbal complements. Given that previous research has found a parallel correlation between structural downgrading and the semantics of the complement-taking predicate (
Sociolinguistic factors associated with the subjectively and objectively measured language development in German preschoolers in three follow-up studies
Authors: Zaretsky Eugen , Lange Benjamin P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe study aimed at an analysis of sociolinguistic variables associated with the language acquisition progress between the first and the second test sessions in three follow-up studies with German preschool children. In all three samples, children acquiring German, both Germans and immigrants, were tested twice with validated language tests within a time span of several months. Furthermore, language skills of children were judged by daycare center teachers. The language competence of normally developed test subjects did not change much between two test sessions, whereas children acquiring German under more challenging circumstances were still in the process of active development, mostly due to the daycare center attendance, language courses, and medical therapies. Therefore, contra-intuitively at first sight, the following factors were associated with the quick progress in language development (floor effect): bad school marks for the language competence at the beginning of the daycare attendance, low age at the first test session, not regular attendance of the daycare centers, late contact to the German language, foreign language(s) spoken at home, medical issues, and some other unfavorable language acquisition conditions.
Emergent communicative norms in a contact language: Indirect requests in heritage Russian
Authors: Dubinina Irina Y. , Malamud Sophia A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present paper contributes to the study of speech act pragmatics, language contact, bilingualism, and heritage languages by bringing attention to the pragmatics of a contact language, heritage Russian (HR). The current study has a descriptive orientation, its main goal being to create a baseline for the pragmatic competence of speakers with incomplete acquisition of L1, which characterizes language contact in immigrant populations. We focus on communicative strategies and the choice of linguistic forms in requests made by heritage speakers of Russian, native speakers of full Russian, and native speakers of American English. The specific research questions explored in this study are: Is the linguistic variable – the form of polite requests – correlated with the population (speakers of HR vs. speakers of full Russian)? How do the differences play out? Do HR speakers have their own communicative norms? If yes, did these new norms develop under the influence of English or as a result of language-internal restructuring? We report that HR exhibits evidence of developing its own conventions for expressing polite requests which differ from the corresponding conventions in full Russian. Specifically, HR speakers use significantly more impersonal modals than monolingual native speakers of Russian in informal scenarios and rely on increased syntactic complexity to mark polite requests in formal scenarios. In indirect requests produced in both types of scenarios, HR speakers overuse the downgrader
Entropy Generation with nonlinear heat and Mass transfer on MHD Boundary Layer over a Moving Surface using SLM
Authors: Bhatti M. M. , Rashidi M. M. , Pop I. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this article, entropy generation with combined effects of thermal radiation and chemical reaction on MHD boundary layer over a moving surface has been investigated. The governing flow comprises of linear momentum equation, energy, and concentration equations which are modified with the help of similarity variables. The reduced resulting nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations are solved with the help of Successive linearization method (SLM) and Chebyshev spectral collocation method. The impact of all the physical parameters is demonstrated numerically and graphically. A detailed analysis have been given for all the pertinent parameters such as Hartmann number, porosity parameter, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, suction/injection parameter, moving parameter, Brinkmann number, Reynolds number, chemical reaction parameter and Schmidt number on velocity, temperature, concentration and entropy profile as well as the Skin friction coefficient, Nusselt number and Sherwood number are also conducted. The numerical comparison has also been given to the existing published literature.
Solitons and other solutions to the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger type equations
Authors: El-Borai M. M. , El-Owaidy H. M. , Ahmed Hamdy M. , Arnous A. H. , Mirzazadeh M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNonlinear Schrödinger type equations arise from a wide variety of fields, such as fluids, nonlinear optics, the theory of deep water waves, plasma physics, and so on. In this paper, two integration schemes are employed to obtain solitons, periodic waves and other forms of solutions of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger type equations. The two schemes that are studied in this paper are the Bäcklund transformation of Riccati equation and the trial solution method.
Chaos Suppression in Fractional order Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator in Wind Turbine Systems
Authors: Rajagopal Karthikeyan , Karthikeyan Anitha , Duraisamy Prakash 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper we investigate the control of three-dimensional non-autonomous fractional-order uncertain model of a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) via a adaptive control technique. We derive a dimensionless fractional order model of the PMSM from the integer order presented in the literatures. Various dynamic properties of the fractional order model like eigen values, Lyapunov exponents, bifurcation and bicoherence are investigated. The system chaotic behavior for various orders of fractional calculus are presented. An adaptive controller is derived to suppress the chaotic oscillations of the fractional order model. As the direct Lyapunov stability analysis of the robust controller is difficult for a fractional order first derivative, we have derived a new lemma to analyze the stability of the system. Numerical simulations of the proposed chaos suppression methodology are given to prove the analytical results derived through which we show that for the derived adaptive controller and the parameter update law, the origin of the system for any bounded initial conditions is asymptotically stable.
We like to talk about smell: A worldly take on language, sensory experience, and the Internet
Authors: Alač Morana 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWestern languages have been marked by their lack of specialized vocabulary to express odor qualities, and thus it is stated that it is difficult – if not impossible – to talk about smell. To engage the issue of olfactory ineffability, this paper turns to actual instances of textual renderings of smell by paying attention to how the olfactory language of scent enthusiasts is rendered on the Internet. The methods that enthusiasts’ texts inscribe do not rely on specialized vocabulary but constitute a language that is
Clues as information, the semiotic gap, and inferential investigative processes, or making a (very small) contribution to the new discipline, Forensic Semiotics
Authors: Sørensen Bent , Thellefsen Torkild , Thellefsen Martin 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this article, we try to contribute to the new discipline Forensic Semiotics – a discipline introduced by the Canadian polymath Marcel Danesi. We focus on clues as information and criminal investigative processes as inferential. These inferential (and Peircean) processes have a certain complexity consisting of the interrelation between the collateral observations of the investigator, e. g., his background knowledge concerning criminal and technical analysis, the context that the investigator acts within or in relation to (the universe of discourse), e. g., the scene of crime or the criminal law, as well as the clues as information that will cause the inferential processes in the first place. We believe that this focus can tell us something about crime solving that is not just sensitive to epistemological factors (how to know), but also ontological (what to know) and normative factors as well (how to value the processes of crime solving).
The Transformations of Abduction: From the Inferential Model to the Logic of Relatives
Authors: Guagnano Giacinto Davide 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis article traces the evolution of C. S. Peirce’s notion of abduction and proposes an interpretation of this evolution in light of the philosopher’s own theory of categories. It shows the shift from the inferential and propositional model developed in On a New List of Categories in 1867 and Some Consequences of Four Incapacities in 1868, focused on the category of Firstness (quality) to the post-1890 evenemential model. In this post-1890 model, Firstnesses, events expressed by the verb of the proposition, are generated in their opposition to other Firstnesses (the relation of Secondnesses) from a tendency to action or general habit, Thirdness. Parallel to this, the article also shows the shift from the first formulation of the notion of abduction, which replaced the multiplicity of qualities with a comprehensive predicate that implied all of them to the discovery of the diagrammatic reasoning and Logic of Relatives, which confers greater importance to the category of Thirdness and transforms the abductive movement into a transductive one.
Inédit 1 (1964): Réflexions sur les possibilités d’une description de l’histoire de la linguistique
Authors: Greimas Algirdas J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Wenner-Gren Foundation symposium “Revolution vs. Continuity in the Study of Language” invites speakers to discuss the applicability of Thomas Kuhn’s 1962 essay to linguistics. Kuhn does well to posit an autonomous epistemological plane, to take account of the sociology of knowledge, and to focus on the history of structures rather than of fleeting events. On the other hand, he presents each science as essentially stagnant throughout most of time, and offers an atemporal and harmonious view of how one “paradigm” replaces its predecessor; Kuhnian history emerges as a succession of synchronies. The portrayal ignores that if paradigms emerge at successive moments, old and new overlap and coexist in tension. Constructing each science as an independent system, it also neglects dynamics that cross or connect disciplines, including generalized systems of thought, and outlooks common to an entire society at a given era.Whereas sciences today are familiar with synchronic systems, effective models of those structures’ diachronic transformation are lacking. Rather than Kuhn’s or Hegel’s a priori and overly general schemas, inductive approaches based on the linguistic analysis of scholarship or researchers’ autobiographical testimonies could provide better results. In the interim, adopting Braudel’s concept of history as encompassing events belonging to three distinct chronological orders ranging from quotidian to multi-secular, we can see that a Kuhnian revolution alters views characteristic of a discipline during a given period, but only changes portions of the overall field as it has developed throughout time. This conception reconciles synchrony and diachrony. Rather than prolonged periods of inactivity, we observe a constant scientific praxis which transforms paradigms defined as open, their possibilities always exceeding their extant realizations. Such paradigmatic variations cannot account for exceptional scientific revolutions which exceed their scale, such as the invention of writing, and which represent instead breakthroughs in a model’s effectiveness, in its ability to transform reality and human experience. The contemporary project for a structural semantics aims to achieve a second linguistic revolution by constructing a new language which can serve as the science of humanity, an anthropology comparable to the mathematics used in the life sciences.
Inédit 3 (1986): Le sens et la musique. Propos recueillis par Marcello Castellana (1986)
Authors: Greimas Algirdas J. , Castellana Marcello , Cesar Marina Maluli 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this 1986 interview by his doctoral student Marcello Castellana, Greimas sketches a number of avenues in which semiotics could explore music. In the framework of his research that culminated in
Casimir Friction and Near-field Radiative Heat Transfer in Graphene Structures
Authors: Volokitin A.I. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The dependence of the Casimir friction force between a graphene sheet and a (amorphous) SiO2 substrate on the drift velocity of the electrons in the graphene sheet is studied. It is shown that the Casimir friction is strongly enhanced for the drift velocity above the threshold velocity when the friction is determined by the resonant excitation of the surface phonon–polaritons in the SiO2 substrate and the electron–hole pairs in graphene. The theory agrees well with the experimental data for the current–voltage dependence for unsuspended graphene on the SiO2 substrate. The theories of the Casimir friction and the near-field radiative energy transfer are used to study the heat generation and dissipation in graphene due to the interaction with phonon–polaritons in the (amorphous) SiO2 substrate and acoustic phonons in graphene. For suspended graphene, the energy transfer coefficient at nanoscale gap is ~ three orders of magnitude larger than the radiative heat transfer coefficient of the blackbody radiation limit.
Sexual Dimorphism of Body Size Is Controlled by Dosage of theX-Chromosomal GeneMycand by the Sex-Determining GenetrainDrosophila
Authors: Mathews Kristina Wehr , Cavegn Margrith , Zwicky Monica 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDrosophila females are larger than males. In this article, we describe how X-chromosome dosage drives sexual dimorphism of body size...Drosophila females are larger than males. In this article, we describe how X-chromosome dosage drives sexual dimorphism of body size through two means: first, through unbalanced expression of a key X-linked growth-regulating gene, and second, through female-specific activation of the sex-determination pathway. X-chromosome dosage determines phenotypic sex by regulating the genes of the sex-determining pathway. In the presence of two sets of X-chromosome signal elements (XSEs), Sex-lethal (Sxl) is activated in female (XX) but not male (XY) animals. Sxl activates transformer (tra), a gene that encodes a splicing factor essential for female-specific development. It has previously been shown that null mutations in the tra gene result in only a partial reduction of body size of XX animals, which shows that other factors must contribute to size determination. We tested whether X dosage directly affects animal size by analyzing males with duplications of X-chromosomal segments. Upon tiling across the X chromosome, we found four duplications that increase male size by &gt;9%. Within these, we identified several genes that promote growth as a result of duplication. Only one of these, Myc, was found not to be dosage compensated. Together, our results indicate that both Myc dosage and tra expression play crucial roles in determining sex-specific size in Drosophila larvae and adult tissue. Since Myc also acts as an XSE that contributes to tra activation in early development, a double dose of Myc in females serves at least twice in development to promote sexual size dimorphism.
The Relative Contributions of theXChromosome and Autosomes to Local Adaptation
Authors: Lasne Clémentine , Sgrò Carla M , Connallon Tim 
Published: January 2017

AbstractModels of sex chromosome and autosome evolution yield key predictions about the genomic basis of adaptive divergence, and such models have been...Models of sex chromosome and autosome evolution yield key predictions about the genomic basis of adaptive divergence, and such models have been important in guiding empirical research in comparative genomics and studies of speciation. In addition to the adaptive differentiation that occurs between species over time, selection also favors genetic divergence across geographic space, with subpopulations of single species evolving conspicuous differences in traits involved in adaptation to local environmental conditions. The potential contribution of sex chromosomes (the X or Z) to local adaptation remains unclear, as we currently lack theory that directly links spatial variation in selection to local adaptation of X-linked and autosomal genes. Here, we develop population genetic models that explicitly consider the effects of genetic dominance, effective population size, and sex-specific migration and selection on the relative contributions of X-linked and autosomal genes to local adaptation. We show that X-linked genes should nearly always disproportionately contribute to local adaptation in the presence of gene flow. We also show that considerations of dominance and effective population size—which play pivotal roles in the theory of faster-X adaptation between species—have surprisingly little influence on the relative contribution of the X chromosome to local adaptation. Instead, sex-biased migration is the primary mediator of the strength of spatial large-X effects. Our results yield novel predictions about the role of sex chromosomes in local adaptation. We outline empirical approaches in evolutionary quantitative genetics and genomics that could build upon this new theory.
Nutritional Control of Chronological Aging and Heterochromatin inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: McCleary David F , Rine Jasper 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCalorie restriction extends life span in organisms as diverse as yeast and mammals through incompletely understood mechanisms.The role of NAD+...Calorie restriction extends life span in organisms as diverse as yeast and mammals through incompletely understood mechanisms.The role of NAD+-dependent deacetylases known as Sirtuins in this process, particularly in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is controversial. We measured chronological life span of wild-type and sir2Δ strains over a higher glucose range than typically used for studying yeast calorie restriction. sir2Δ extended life span in high glucose complete minimal medium and had little effect in low glucose medium, revealing a partial role for Sir2 in the calorie-restriction response under these conditions. Experiments performed on cells grown in rich medium with a newly developed genetic strategy revealed that sir2Δ shortened life span in low glucose while having little effect in high glucose, again revealing a partial role for Sir2. In complete minimal media, Sir2 shortened life span as glucose levels increased; whereas in rich media, Sir2 extended life span as glucose levels decreased. Using a genetic strategy to measure the strength of gene silencing at HML, we determined increasing glucose stabilized Sir2-based silencing during growth on complete minimal media. Conversely, increasing glucose destabilized Sir-based silencing during growth on rich media, specifically during late cell divisions. In rich medium, silencing was far less stable in high glucose than in low glucose during stationary phase. Therefore, Sir2 was involved in a response to nutrient cues including glucose that regulates chronological aging, possibly through Sir2-dependent modification of chromatin or deacetylation of a nonhistone protein.
Aphakia korrekciója irisklip műlencse retropupillaris beültetésével
Authors: Szabó Antal , Papp András , Borbándy Ágnes , D. Géhl Zsuzsanna , Nagy Zoltán Zsolt , Resch Miklós 
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Introduction and aim: The correction of aphakia might be a challenge for the surgeon. The aim of this study is to describe the authors’ experience with the implantation of the retropupillary iris clip intraocular lens. Method: Patients between January 2014 and December 2015 were included in the retrospective study. Retropupillary implantation of iris clip intraocular lens VRSA 54 (AMO Advanced Medical Optics, USA) was performed in all cases. The minimum follow up period was three months. The stability of the intraocular lens and the intraoperative and postoperative complications and the visual acuity were evaluated. Results: During this time period 11 cases (1 female, 10 males) were included in the study. The mean age at the time of the implantation was 57.7 years (between 25–74 years). In 4 cases the iris clip lens was implanted during the first intervention, in 7 cases during the secondary procedure. In all cases the lens was fixated onto the iris posteriorly. The best corrected visual acuity before the iris clip implantation was 0.43 (0.1–1.0) and postoperatively at the time of the follow up 0.49 (0.04–1.0). Conclusions: With the use of the retropupillary implanted iris clip intraocular lens all of the patients could have been rehabilitated without major complications. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(1), 20–24.
Koraszülött gyermekek kétéves kori pszichomotoros fejlődése társas-környezeti tényezők függvényében
Authors: Kenyhercz Flóra , Nagy Beáta 
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Introduction: The development of children born prematurely is an important aspect in public health, because preterm birth rates are not decreasing with the development of medical sciences. Aim: Description of psychomotor development of preterm children related to potentially influencing environmental factors. Method: Children born below 2.500 grams at the age of two (n = 75). Psychomotor development, quality of home environment, socio-demographic background were measured. Results: Lower birth weight was associated with lower development quotients. Psychomotor development was also negatively affected by child deprivation, low levels of cognitive stimulation and maternal empathy, regardless of birth weight. Increased performance loss was found related to lower sociodemographic variables, such as low maternal education or ethnicity. Conclusion: Psychomotor development of 2-year-old premature children is affected by the examined social-environmental factors. We recommend the screening and developmental interventions for premature children as early as possible, thus preventing difficulties in mental and motor development in the future. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(1), 31–38.