bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Newspaper quality, content and competition in New Zealand
Authors: Gibbons Matthew 
Published: February 2017

Content analysis results show that investment strategies and newspaper quality vary between companies in New Zealand. Indeed, Allied Press’ Otago Daily Times prints considerably more news than Fairfax papers with similar circulations, and almost as much news as the Christchurch Press. The results also provide some support for the theory that produc­ing a relatively high quality newspaper, when quality is measured by the quantity of news published and number of journalists employed, is as­sociated with relatively high readership. Vigorous competition between companies for dominance in the Queenstown newspaper market suggests that less concentrated newspaper ownership could increase competition and benefit consumers in other parts of New Zealand. Although the results are from 2006, strong similarities between the newspapers surveyed and more recent issues of these titles means the results and policy lessons drawn are still relevant.
A foreign flower no more: Tongan diasporic media and the 2014 Tongan election
Authors: Cass Philip 
Published: February 2017

The use of social media and the involvement of diasporic populations in politics is a growing trend among diasporic Polynesian communities and Island politicians. Auckland-based Tongan media, which are the focus of this article, appear to have had an effect on voter behaviour in the 2014 Tongan elections. Using the Auckland-based news site Kaniva News as a case study and drawing on interviews with Tongan journalists, this article sets out to show the links between the development of online media among the Tongan diaspora, the rise of ‘Akilisi Pohiva’s democracy movement and the mediated involvement of New Zealand’s Tongan community in that democratic process. Similar developments have also been noted in Fiji and the Cook Islands where online media played an important part in recent elections.
Nest-Site Selection Patterns of Coexisting Sandhill and Whooping Cranes in Wisconsin
Authors: Strobel Bradley N. , Giorgi Gina F. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Breeding sandhill cranes Antigone canadensis and released captive-reared whooping cranes Grus americana have coexisted in central Wisconsin since 2001. Despite 15 y of reintroduction efforts, the reproductive success of these whooping cranes has been near zero. Preliminary data suggest sandhill cranes nesting in central Wisconsin have apparent nest success rates that are similar to those reported from other populations in the region (∼50%). One hypothesized cause of the whooping crane population's low reproductive success is nest abandonment induced by blood-feeding ornithophilic black flies Diptera: Simuliidae. Species-specific differences in selection of nest sites could influence the abundance of black flies at nests and affect reproductive success rates. We measured multiple vegetative and hydrologic characteristics at 35 sandhill crane nests, 20 whooping crane nests, and 164 randomly selected locations at 5- and 200-m scales. We were unable to detect a species-specific difference in vegetation characteristics within 5 m of nest sites. At the 200-m scale, sandhill cranes built nests at sites with slightly greater coverage of woody vegetation than whooping cranes. Differences observed between nest sites of sandhill and whooping cranes appeared to be slight and likely insufficient to explain the dramatic differences in reproductive success in central Wisconsin.
Lubricants, Industrial Oils, and Related Products Type D Compressor Oils - Specification - Addendum
Authors:   Fuel and Lubricants TC2 Industrial Lubricants
Published: February 2017

The Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) Industrial Lubricants Committee has developed a number of industrial, non-production lubricant performance specifications.
The purpose of these voluntary SAE specifications is to:

a.	Define minimum performance requirements for industrial lubricants.
b.	Provide lubricant suppliers with performance targets for a minimum number of key industrial lubricants.
c.	Improve the availability of these lubricants to member companies.
d.	Provide a plant oriented, user friendly, classification system using common test standards and properties.
New parameterized model for GPS water vapor tomography
Authors: Ding Nan , Zhang Shubi , Zhang Qiuzhao 
Published: February 2017

Abstract. Water vapor is the basic parameter used to describe atmospheric conditions. It is rarely contained in the atmosphere during the water cycle, but it is the most active element in rapid space–time changes. Measuring and monitoring the distribution and quantity of water vapor is a necessary task. GPS tomography is a powerful means of providing high spatiotemporal resolution of water vapor density. In this paper, a spatial structure model of a humidity field is constructed using voxel nodes, and new parameterizations for acquiring data about water vapor in the troposphere via GPS are proposed based on inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation. Unlike the density of water vapor that is constant within a voxel, the density at a certain point is determined by IDW interpolation. This algorithm avoids the use of horizontal constraints to smooth voxels that are not crossed by satellite rays. A prime number decomposition (PND) access order scheme is introduced to minimize correlation between slant wet delay (SWD) observations. Four experimental schemes for GPS tomography are carried out in dry weather from 2 to 8 August 2015 and rainy days from 9 to 15 August 2015. Using 14 days of data from the Hong Kong Satellite Positioning Reference Station Network (SatRef), the results indicate that water vapor density derived from 4-node methods is more robust than that derived from that of 8 nodes or 12 nodes, or that derived from constant refractivity schemes and the new method has better performance under stable weather conditions than unstable weather (e.g., rainy days). The results also indicate that an excessive number of interpolations in each layer reduce accuracy. However, the accuracy of the tomography results is gradually reduced with increases in altitude below 7000 m. Moreover, in the case of altitudes between 7000 m and the upper boundary layer, the accuracy can be improved by a boundary constraint.
Genomic analysis of ST88 community-acquired methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureusin Ghana
Authors: Kpeli Grace , Buultjens Andrew H. , Giulieri Stefano , Owusu-Mireku Evelyn , Aboagye Samuel Y. , Baines Sarah L. , Seemann Torsten , Bulach Dieter , Gonçalves da Silva Anders , Monk Ian R. , Howden Benjamin P. , Pluschke Gerd , Yeboah-Manu Dorothy , Stinear Timothy 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundThe emergence and evolution of community-acquired methicillin resistantStaphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA) strains in Africa is poorly understood. However, one particular MRSA lineage called ST88, appears to be rapidly establishing itself as an “African” CA-MRSA clone. In this study, we employed whole genome sequencing to provide more information on the genetic background of ST88 CA-MRSA isolates from Ghana and to describe in detail ST88 CA-MRSA isolates in comparison with other MRSA lineages worldwide.MethodsWe first established a complete ST88 reference genome (AUS0325) using PacBio SMRT sequencing. We then used comparative genomics to assess relatedness among 17 ST88 CA-MRSA isolates recovered from patients attending Buruli ulcer treatment centres in Ghana, three non-African ST88s and 15 other MRSA lineages.ResultsWe show that Ghanaian ST88 forms a discrete MRSA lineage (harbouring SCCmec-IV [2B]). Gene content analysis identified five distinct genomic regions enriched among ST88 isolates compared with the otherS. aureuslineages. The Ghanaian ST88 isolates had only 658 core genome SNPs and there was no correlation between phylogeny and geography, suggesting the recent spread of this clone. The lineage was also resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics includingβ-lactams, tetracycline and chloramphenicol.DiscussionThis study reveals thatS. aureusST88-IV is a recently emerging and rapidly spreading CA-MRSA clone in Ghana. The study highlights the capacity of small snapshot genomic studies to provide actionable public health information in resource limited settings. To our knowledge this is the first genomic assessment of the ST88 CA-MRSA clone.
Rapid and continuous synthesis of methacrolein with high selectivity by condensation of propanal with formaldehyde in laboratory
Authors: Lei Liang , Tao Ran , Shi Jianming , Jing Xin , Ma Haihong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn experimental device with a micro‐tubular reactor for continuous reaction process was designed and constructed based on the reaction mechanisms and characteristics of condensation of propanal with formaldehyde, a short mean residence time (a few seconds) for the reactive mixture was acquired to increase selectivity to methacrolein (MAL) by reducing the side reactions. Diethylamine and acetic acid aqueous solution was used as catalysts for the reaction. The reactor temperature ranged between 100 and 210 °C. The reactor pressure was set at 4.5–6.0 MPa to make sure that the reaction can be carried out in liquid phase. The results indicated that the reaction rate was heavily influenced by the concentration of the catalysts and the feed preheating temperature. When the feed preheating temperature was about 132 °C, the mass concentration of diethylamine was about 6 %, the reaction pressure was 4.5–5.0 MPa, and the mean residence time varied from 4.5 to 5.5 s, high conversion of propanal (99.9 %) and high selectivity to MAL (98.7 %) were acquired. High catalytic activity and high selectivity were maintained after the catalysts had been recycled six times.
Fragmented QRS complex predicts contrast‐induced nephropathy and in‐hospital mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction
Authors: Kurtul Alparslan , Duran Mustafa 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundContrast‐induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Recently, fragmented QRS complex (fQRS) on 12‐lead electrocardiography has been introduced as a marker of cardiovascular disease and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality.Hypothesis
fQRS on ECG is associated with CIN and in‐hospital mortality after primary PCI in patients with STEMI.MethodsEight hundred ninety‐five patients with first STEMI treated by primary PCI were enrolled in the study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of fQRS as shown by 12‐lead electrocardiography in the first 24 hours. fQRS was defined by presence of an additional R wave (R″), or notching of the S wave, or >1 R′ in 2 contiguous leads. Patients were then reallocated to 2 groups according to presence or absence of postprocedural CIN, which was defined as a rise in serum creatinine of 0.5 mg/dL or a 25% increase from baseline value within 72 hours after the procedure.ResultsPatients with a fQRS were older and had significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction. CIN occurred in 77 (8.6%) patients. The prevalence of CIN and in‐hospital mortality was significantly higher in the fQRS(+) group. In multivariate analysis, fQRS was found to be an independent predictor of CIN (odds ratio: 3.125, P = 0.029) and in‐hospital mortality (odds ratio: 9.062, P = 0.009).ConclusionsThe fQRS is an independent predictor of postprocedural CIN and in‐hospital mortality in STEMI patients.
Comparison of Performance of Fast‐Reacting Nanothermites and Primary Explosives
Authors: Khasainov Boris , Comet Marc , Veyssiere Bernard , Spitzer Denis 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe main features of nano‐sized thermites are reviewed with the purpose to compare the performance of most reactive nanothermites showing high combustion front velocities of up to 2500 m s−1 with that of primary explosives. Because these regimes do propagate only at very low relative density of nano‐thermites and as convective burning waves rather than detonations, the initiating capacity of these nanocompositions, compared to promises, is yet much lower than that of the primary explosives. Hybrid mixtures of nanothermite with high explosive offer practically interesting triggering potential and present a more promising way for substituting lead‐based “not green” primary explosives. A threshold size of nanothermite particles is evaluated above which the dynamics of flame propagation in nanothermites can be reasonably described based on the principles of continuum mechanics and classical thermodynamics.
Predicting mild cognitive impairment from spontaneous spoken utterances
Authors: Asgari Meysam , Kaye Jeffrey , Dodge Hiroko 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionTrials in Alzheimer's disease are increasingly focusing on prevention in asymptomatic individuals. We hypothesized that indicators of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) may be present in the content of spoken language in older adults and be useful in distinguishing those with MCI from those who are cognitively intact. To test this hypothesis, we performed linguistic analyses of spoken words in participants with MCI and those with intact cognition participating in a clinical trial.MethodsData came from a randomized controlled behavioral clinical trial to examine the effect of unstructured conversation on cognitive function among older adults with either normal cognition or MCI (ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01571427). Unstructured conversations (but with standardized preselected topics across subjects) were recorded between interviewers and interviewees during the intervention sessions of the trial from 14 MCI and 27 cognitively intact participants. From the transcription of interviewees recordings, we grouped spoken words using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC), a structured table of words, which categorizes 2500 words into 68 different word subcategories such as positive and negative words, fillers, and physical states. The number of words in each LIWC word subcategory constructed a vector of 68 dimensions representing the linguistic features of each subject. We used support vector machine and random forest classifiers to distinguish MCI from cognitively intact participants.ResultsMCI participants were distinguished from those with intact cognition using linguistic features obtained by LIWC with 84% classification accuracy which is well above chance 60%.DiscussionLinguistic analyses of spoken language may be a powerful tool in distinguishing MCI subjects from those with intact cognition. Further studies to assess whether spoken language derived measures could detect changes in cognitive functions in clinical trials are warrented.
The Problem of Unilateralism in Agency Theory: Towards a Bilateral Formulation
Authors: Pouryousefi Sareh , Frooman Jeff 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT:Some business ethicists view agency theory as a cautionary tale—a proof that it is impossible to carry out successful economic interactions in the absence of ethical behaviour. The cautionary-tale view presents a nuanced normative characterisation of agency, but itsunilateralfocus betrays a limited understanding of the structure of social interaction. This article moves beyond unilateralism by presenting a descriptive and normative argument for abilateralcautionary-tale view. Specifically, we discuss hat swaps and role dualism in asymmetric-information principal-agent relationships and argue that the norm of reciprocity can function as a moral solution to agency risks in adverse-selection and moral-hazard problems. Our bilateral cautionary-tale formulation extends the normative boundaries of agency theory, while leaving the fundamental economic assumptions of agency theory intact.
A retrospective study of lymphatic transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous/deep inferior epigastric perforator flaps for breast cancer treatment-induced upper-limb lymphoedema
Authors: Yang Zhuangqing , Huang Sheng , Wang Jiankui , Xi Yan , Yang Xiaojuan , Tang Qi , Du Juan , Nie Jianyun , Zou Tianning , Zhou Shaoqing , Tang Xueliang , Chen Dedian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBreast cancer-related lymphoedema (BCRL) is a common and intractable complication. To evaluate the possible complications of using lymphatic transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous/deep inferior epigastric perforator (TRAM/DIEP) flaps for breast reconstruction and BCRL treatment, 20 patients with moderate or severe BCRL were retrospectively enrolled between November 2012 and October 2014. 10 patients had undergone lymphatic TRAM/DIEP flap surgery were assigned to the surgery group. 10 patients unwilling to undergo reconstruction were assigned to the physiotherapy group treated with traditional physical therapy. Upper-limb movement and circumference were measured and patients’ subjective assessment was assessed using a questionnaire. In the surgery group, all flaps were successfully transferred. BCRL in 8 patients was improved by one level. The upper-limb circumference returned to normal in 1 case, and only 1 patient did not improve. In the physiotherapy group, a slight improvement was noted in 6 patients and unchanged in four cases. From the questionnaires, patients underwent lymphatic TRAM/DIEP flap surgery reported a significantly greater improvement in the affected limb (p < 0.05). In the physiotherapy group, the limb subjective did not improve as well as in the surgery group. Lymphatic TRAM/DIEP is a safe and effective option for patients who suffer from post-mastectomy lymphoedema.
Inpatient Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate Detoxification: A Case Report Describing Day-to-day Therapeutic Management
Authors: von Theobald Louis , Rousselet Morgane , Cholet Jennyfer , Debar Hélène , Boels David , Victorri-Vigneau Caroline , Grall-Bronnec Marie 
Published: February 2017

Background:
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) is a synthetic drug increasingly used by consumers of psychoactive substances. The sought after psychoactive effects of GHB have resulted in an increase in recreational use in Europe. GHB is considered to have a high dependence potential, and abrupt discontinuation after long-term use can result in a severe withdrawal syndrome. Despite a large number of publications related to GHB withdrawal and detoxification, to date, no evidence-based protocol or consensual international therapeutic guidelines are available (over and above the administration of benzodiazepines). We hereby present a day-to-day description of inpatient GHB detoxification management, from admission to discharge.

Case Summary:
This case report pertains to a 47-year-old patient hospitalized for a severe GHB use disorder. The patient had independently made several unsuccessful attempts to stop GHB use. Following to these failures, the patient was oriented to our addiction department for inpatient detoxification. Withdrawal symptoms appeared 4 hours after the last dose of GHB, and consisted of diaphoresis, coenesthetic hallucinations, tremors, motor instability, tachycardia, and a hypertensive peak. Symptoms were successfully managed with diazepam titration and nonpharmacological treatment. The duration of hospitalization was 13 days. At discharge, detoxification was complete and the patient was engaged in relapse prevention therapy. Three months after discharge, the patient had maintained abstinence.

Conclusions:
GHB withdrawal, which can be severe, is better prevented or attenuated by daily medical monitoring and adjustment of treatment dosage. Failure of outpatient detoxification should be included in the indication criteria in the guidelines for inpatient detoxification.
Pain Sensation During Colposcopy and Cervical Biopsy, With or Without Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Trial
Authors: Kiviharju Mari , Kalliala Ilkka , Nieminen Pekka , Dyba Tadeusz , Riska Annika , Jakobsson Maija 
Published: February 2017

Objective
The aim of the study was to determine whether an injection of a local anesthetic is more painful than a cervical punch biopsy without local anesthesia.

Materials and Methods
The study was a randomized controlled trial, conducted at the Helsinki University Central Hospital. It consisted of 204 women referred for colposcopic assessments. Half of them were randomized to receive local anesthesia before their cervical punch biopsies. After the injection of the local anesthetic, the cervical punch biopsy, and the endocervical curettage, the women scored their actual pain using a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS).
To measure the difference in VAS scores between two groups, a linear regression model was used. Binomial regression model was applied for comparing the probability of experiencing unbearable pain between the groups. Applying modeling approach allowed also for proper adjustment for other potential risk factors.

Results
The mean VAS score for the injection of the local anesthetic was 2.7, the VAS score for the cervical punch biopsy without local anesthesia was 3.5, and the difference was 0.8 (p = .017; 95% CI = 0.1–1.5). The mean VAS for the biopsy with local anesthesia was 0.8, which was significantly lower than the mean VAS for the biopsy without local anesthesia (difference = 2.7; p < .001; 95% CI = 2.2–3.3). The relative risk for experiencing moderate or severe pain (VAS ≥ 5) was 0.6 (p = .03; 95% CI = 0.3–0.9) for the injection of local anesthetic versus the biopsy without local anesthesia.

Conclusions
Injection of a local anesthetic for colposcopy is less painful than biopsies without local anesthesia, and local anesthesia decreases the pain perceived.
The mechanism of sphingolipid processing revealed by a GALC-SapA complex structure
Authors: Hill Chris H. , Cook Georgia M. , Spratley Samantha J. , Graham Stephen C. , Deane Janet E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSphingolipids are essential components of cellular membranes and defects in their synthesis or degradation cause severe human diseases. The efficient degradation of sphingolipids in the lysosome requires lipid-binding saposin proteins and hydrolytic enzymes. The glycosphingolipid galactocerebroside is the primary lipid component of the myelin sheath and is degraded by the hydrolase β-galactocerebrosidase (GALC). This enzyme requires the saposin SapA for lipid processing and defects in either of these proteins causes a severe neurodegenerative disorder, Krabbe disease. Here we present the structure of a glycosphingolipid-processing complex, revealing how SapA and GALC form a heterotetramer with an open channel connecting the enzyme active site to the SapA hydrophobic cavity. This structure defines how a soluble hydrolase can cleave the polar glycosyl headgroups of these essential lipids from their hydrophobic ceramide tails. Furthermore, the molecular details of this interaction reveal how specificity of saposin binding to hydrolases is encoded.
A microfluidic biodisplay
Authors: Volpetti Francesca , Petrova Ekaterina , Maerkl Sebastian J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSynthetically engineered cells are powerful and potentially useful biosensors, but it remains problematic to deploy such systems due to practical difficulties and biosafety concerns. To overcome these hurdles, we developed a microfluidic device that serves as an interface between an engineered cellular system, environment, and user. We created a biodisplay consisting of 768 individually programmable biopixels and demonstrated that it can perform multiplexed, continuous sampling. The biodisplay detected 10 µg/l sodium-arsenite in tap water using a research grade fluorescent microscope, and reported arsenic contamination down to 20 µg/l with an easy to interpret “skull and crossbones” symbol detectable with a low-cost USB microscope or by eye. The biodisplay was designed to prevent release of chemical or biological material to avoid environmental contamination. The microfluidic biodisplay thus provides a practical solution for the deployment and application of engineered cellular systems.