bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microglia overexpressing brain-derived neurotrophic factor promote vascular repair and functional recovery in mice after spinal cord injury
Authors: Zeng Fanzhuo , Li Yuxin , Li Xiaoyu , Gu Xinyang , Cao Yue , Cheng Shuai , Tian He , Mei Rongcheng , Mei Xifan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Spinal cord injury represents a severe form of central nervous system trauma for which effective treatments remain limited. Microglia is the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, play a critical role in spinal cord injury. Previous studies have shown that microglia can promote neuronal survival by phagocytosing dead cells and debris and by releasing neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory factors. However, excessive activation of microglia can lead to persistent inflammation and contribute to the formation of glial scars, which hinder axonal regeneration. Despite this, the precise role and mechanisms of microglia during the acute phase of spinal cord injury remain controversial and poorly understood. To elucidate the role of microglia in spinal cord injury, we employed the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX5622 to deplete microglia. We observed that sustained depletion of microglia resulted in an expansion of the lesion area, downregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and impaired functional recovery after spinal cord injury. Next, we generated a transgenic mouse line with conditional overexpression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor specifically in microglia. We found that brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia increased angiogenesis and blood flow following spinal cord injury and facilitated the recovery of hindlimb motor function. Additionally, brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia reduced inflammation and neuronal apoptosis during the acute phase of spinal cord injury. Furthermore, through using specific transgenic mouse lines, TMEM119, and the colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor inhibitor PLX73086, we demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects were predominantly due to brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia rather than macrophages. In conclusion, our findings suggest the critical role of microglia in the formation of protective glial scars. Depleting microglia is detrimental to recovery of spinal cord injury, whereas targeting brain-derived neurotrophic factor overexpression in microglia represents a promising and novel therapeutic strategy to enhance motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury.
Magnetic resonance imaging tracing of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle–labeled mesenchymal stromal cells for repairing spinal cord injury
Authors: Mai Xiaoli , Xie Yuanyuan , Wu Zhichong , Zou Junting , Du Jiacheng , Shen Yunpeng , Liu Hao , Chen Bo , Zhu Mengxia , Shi Jiong , Chen Yang , Zhang Bing , Zhu Zezhang , Wang Bin , Gu Ning 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cell transplantation Is an effective and promising approach for treating various systemic and diffuse diseases. However, the biological characteristics of transplanted mesenchymal stromal cells in humans remain unclear, including cell viability, distribution, migration, and fate. Conventional cell tracing methods cannot be used in the clinic. The use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles as contrast agents allows for the observation of transplanted cells using magnetic resonance imaging. In 2016, the National Medical Products Administration of China approved a new superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle, Ruicun, for use as a contrast agent in clinical trials.
In the present study, an acute hemi-transection spinal cord injury model was established in beagle dogs. The injury was then treated by transplantation of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells. The results indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells repaired damaged spinal cord fibers and partially restored neurological function in animals with acute spinal cord injury. T2*-weighted imaging revealed low signal areas on both sides of the injured spinal cord. The results of quantitative susceptibility mapping with ultrashort echo time sequences indicated that Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells persisted stably within the injured spinal cord for over 4 weeks. These findings suggest that magnetic resonance imaging has the potential to effectively track the migration of Ruicun-labeled mesenchymal stromal cells and assess their ability to repair spinal cord injury.
SIRT1/NOX1 pathway mediated ameliorative effects of rosmarinic acid in folic acid-induced renal injury
Authors: Mottaghi Maryam , Eidi Akram , Heidari Fatemeh , Movahhed Tahereh Komeili , Moslehi Azam 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
Renal injury is a serious disorder that can be caused by some diseases or agents. Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural and safe compound with powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the ameliorative effects of RA were assayed in folic acid (FA)-induced renal injury by involving the SIRT1/NOX1 pathway.

Experimental approach:
Thirty-six male C57/BL6 mice were divided into 6 groups (n = 6) including control, vehicle, FA, RA, FA + RA 50, and FA + RA 100. After 10 days, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and oxidative stress were measured. The expression of SIRT1 and NOX1 proteins was evaluated by western blot. Also, histopathological alterations were assayed by H&E and PAS staining methods.

Findings/Results:
BUN and creatinine were significantly higher in the FA group compared to the control group; however, their levels decreased after RA treatment in both doses. A significant decrease was observed in swelling, necrosis, and desquamation of tubular epithelial cells in the FA + RA 50 and FA + RA 100 groups compared to the FA group. RA in the animals receiving FA increased SIRT1 expression and the levels of GSH and SOD compared to the FA group. RA in the animals receiving FA showed a significant decrease in NOX1 expression and MDA level compared to the FA group.

Conclusion and implications:
The findings declared that the administration of RA has positive effects against renal damage induced by FA. The effect might result from involvement in the SIRT1/NOX1 pathway and thereby attenuation of oxidative stress.
A multi-epitope self-amplifying mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine design using a reverse vaccinology approach
Authors: Claudia Brigitta , Nugrahapraja Husna , Giri-Rachman Ernawati Arifin 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
Massive vaccine distribution is a crucial step to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV2 as the causative agent of COVID-19. This research aimed to design the multi-epitope self-amplifying mRNA (saRNA) vaccine from the spike and nucleocapsid proteins of SARS-CoV2.

Experimental approach:
Commonly distributed constructions class I and II alleles of the Indonesian population were used to determine peptide sequences that trigger this population’s high specificity T-cell response. The best vaccine candidate was selected through the analysis of tertiary structure validation and molecular docking of each candidate with TLR-4, TLR-8, HLA-A*24:02, and HLA-DRB1*04:05. The selected multi-epitope vaccine combined with the gene encoding the replication machinery that allows the RNA amplification in the host cell.

Findings/Results:
Seven B-cell and four T-cell epitopes from the protein target were highly antigenic and conserved, non-allergen, non-toxic, and hydrophilic. Tertiary structure validation then determined the best multi-epitope construction with 269 AA in length containing hBD-2 adjuvant and PADRE. Most residues are predicted to be accessible by solvent and show high population coverage (99,26%). Molecular docking analysis demonstrated a stable and strong binding affinity with immune receptors. A recombinant plasmid as the template for mRNA production was constructed by inserting the multi-epitope DNA and non-structural polyprotein 1-4 gene of VEEV, which encodes the RNA replication complex to the cloning site of pcDNA3.1(+).

Conclusion and implication:

In silico, design of self-amplifying mRNA could be a potential COVID-19 vaccine candidate since its ability to be amplified in the host cell can efficiently reduce the intake doses.
The protective effect of hydroalcoholic Citrus aurantifolia peel extract against doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxicity
Authors: Sandhiutami Ni Made Dwi , Desmiaty Yesi , Pitaloka Putu Diah Utari , Salsabila Salsabila 
Published: October 2024

Background and purpose:
Doxorubicin chemotherapy is a widely used treatment for various cancers, including breast, ovarian, and uterine cancers, among others. However, long-term use can cause nephrotoxicity side effects. Some citrus flavonoids have demonstrated nephroprotective activity; therefore, this study aimed to test the nephroprotective effectiveness of Citrus aurantifolia peel extract in protecting and reducing kidney damage caused by doxorubicin.

Experimental approach:

Citrus aurantifolia peel was dried, ground, and extracted by ultrasonication (70% ethanol), then the extract was dried. Twenty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 5 groups including the normal group (control), positive control (doxorubicin) group receiving doxorubicin at the repeated intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of 4 mg/kg/day on days 2, 6, 10, and 14, and treatment groups receiving Citrus aurantifolia peel extract (CPE) with the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day orally for 14 days, and doxorubicin (4 mg/kg/day, i.p.) on days 2, 6, 10 and 14. On day 15, the rats were euthanized for the measurements of MDA, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, kidney function (measuring blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, albumin serum levels), and renal histopathology.

Findings/Results:
The CPE yield was 16.13%. CPE could significantly reduce the levels of MDA, and increase SOD and catalase activities compared with the doxorubicin-induced nephrotoxic model. CPE could increase renal function by reducing BUN and creatinine levels, increasing albumin, and improving the histopathology of the kidney.

Conclusion and implications:
CPE has a potential effect as nephroprotective against doxorubicin-induced toxicity in renal through antioxidant capacities and increased renal function.
Post-COVID-19 Vaccination Meningitis and Meningoencephalitis: A Systematic Review of Case Series and Case Reports
Authors: Taiyeb Khosroshahi Mahdieh , Hamidi Sana , Kangari Parisa , Gharakhanlou Sohrab , Hamidi Zahra , Jafari-Sales Abolfazl , Shamekh Ali , Bannazadeh Baghi Hossein , Morsali Soroush 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT.
Meningitis and meningoencephalitis, as inflammatory diseases of the brain parenchyma, are serious events reported sporadically after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, there is a lack of systematic reviews consolidating these reported cases. By using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases. All case reports and series discussing the emergence of meningitis and meningoencephalitis after COVID-19 vaccination were included and evaluated using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool. Out of 967 records, 27 studies with 31 patients were eventually included. The most commonly reported symptoms were headaches and fever. About one-third of the patients exhibited positive meningeal signs. Most of the findings in the computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance images revealed no significant changes or enhancement in the leptomeninges. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis dominantly suggested aseptic meningitis, and about 80.6% of the patients experienced a full recovery. After a detailed review of the reported cases, further research is needed to establish a definitive correlation between meningitis and COVID-19 vaccination on a larger scale.
Association of polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 and GSTM1 genes with signs of tunnel syndromes in patients with vibration disease (pilot study)
Authors: Chernyak Yury I. , Zueva Yanina I. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The data on the association between GSTs gene variants and the risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) determine the feasibility of studying the relationship with changes in the nerve structure of the upper limbs identified by ultrasound examination in patients with vibration disease (VD).
The aim of the study was to investigate the association of polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 and GSTM1 genes with signs of tunnel syndromes in VD patients.
Materials and methods. Polymorphic variants of the GSTP1 (rs1695 and rs1138272) and GSTM1 genes in one hundred forty male VD patients were studied using PCR-RT method. High-resolution ultrasonography parameters were used to evaluate the morphological structure of the peripheral nerves of the upper limbs in patients, including the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the peripheral nerves.
Results. A significant gain in CSA maximum of the median nerve was found in carriers of the GSTM1–/– genotype relative to those in the GSTM1+ polymorphic variant of the GSTM1 gene (p=0.014). At the same time, AG-GSTP1 (Ile105Val) heterozygote carriers were less resistant to vibration exposure compared to the AA homozygote ones. The AG carriers had a shorter period of vibration exposure (p=0.017), which was observed against the background of a pronounced tendency to a decrease in the period of vibration exposure at the time of VD diagnosis (p=0.034).
Limitations. Limitations include the small number of examined patients and the analysis of associations of polymorphic variants of GSTs genes only with CSA values without taking into account the clinical and functional status of patients.
Conclusion. The results obtained indicate that GSTs genes involved in protection against oxidative stress, may be associated with the development of CTS in VD patients. Further investigations are needed involving a larger number of VD patients with simultaneous analysis of the morphological structure of peripheral nerves, as well as of electrophysiological and clinical studies.
Pengaruh Hambatan Non-Tarif Sps dan Tbt terhadap Perdagangan Internasional Indonesia dengan Negara G-20
Authors: Ninda Novita  , Sopan Sopian  , Juli Winando Lumban Toruan  , Indira Rosandry Ajeng Syah Putri  
Published: October 2024

Pasar negara G-20 berpotensi besar terhadap perdagangan internasional Indonesia karena saling adanya keterbukaan ekonomi antar negara yang tergabung, diantara negaranya adalah Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Kanada, China, Uni Eropa, Perancis, Germany, India, Italia, Jepang, Meksiko, Russia, Arab Saudi, Afrika Selatan, Korea Selatan, Turki, United Kingdom, dan USA. Dibalik prinsip perdagangan bebas dalam G-20 yang mengusahakan penurunan dan penghapusan tarif dan non-tarif, masih adanya negara yang menerapkan kebijakan non-tariff measures (NTMs). NTMs yang berpengaruh besar terhadap produk ekspor adalah sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) dan technical barrier to trade (TBT). Kebijakan yang tidak harmonis tersebut menjadi hambatan untuk negara berkembang melakukan perdagangan internasional, salah satunya Indonesia. Untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perdagangan internasional Indonesia dengan negara G-20 dan pengaruh hambatan non-tarif SPS dan TBT digunakan metode analisis gravity model dengan uji kesesuaian model regresi data panel tahun 2012-2022. Menggunakan 3 pendekatan, yaitu Common Effect Model, Fixed Effect Model dan Random Effect Model. Uji Lagrange Multiplier Test digunakan untuk memastikan salah satu model antara Effect Model dan Random Effect Model. Hasilnya 70,56% variabel dapat menjelaskan model dengan variabel signifikan adalah GDP negara tujuan, Populasi dan GDP Perkapita Indonesia. Kebijakan Non-tariff measures (NTMs) SPS dan TBT jika dilihat secara luas terhadap total ekspor Indonesia dengan negara G-20 tidak berpengaruh signifikan, dikarenakan kebijakan SPS dan TBT lebih menitik beratkan peraturan pada komoditas pertanian dan peternakan.
Analisis Pendapatan dan Kontribusi Usahatani Kelapa Sawit Rakyat terhadap Total Pendapatan Keluarga di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan Kabupaten Labuan Batu
Authors: Destri Nugrahni Halawa  , Rafles Wanju Pakpahan  , Putrini Sirait  , Wilfrida Br Siahaan  
Published: October 2024

Komoditi kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu andalan sektor pertanian dan menjadi perhatian besar pemerintah maupun masyarakat. Kelapa sawit merupakan komoditas pertanian penghasil minyak nabati yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan tanaman seperti kedelai, kacang tanah dan lain sebagainya yang sama-sama penghasil minyak nabati. Keunggulan kelapa sawit antara lain produksi per hektarnya tinggi, umur eknomis panjang, resiko kecil, persediaan yang cukup, dan penggunaannya yang beraneka ragam. Salah satu wilayah di Sumatera Utara yang menjadi penghasil kelapa sawit adalah Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara. Sehingga artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pendapatan petani kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan, Kabupaten Labuanbatu Utara dan mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit rakyat terhadap pendapatan total keluarga di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan, Kabupaten Labuanbatu Utara. Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan di Kabupaten Labuhanbatu Utara, memiliki perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah beroperasi sejak tahun 1980-an. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini berupa data primer dan sekunder dengan menganalisis data menggunakan metode analisis pendapatan. Tingkat pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan sebesar Rp. 42.994.008/tahun dengan rata-rata produksi/tahun 38.860 kg dengan rata-rata harga jual Rp. 1.478/kg pada bulan September 2020. Kontribusi pendapatan usahatanı kelapa sawit di Kecamatan Kualuh Selatan sebesar 70% dan kontribusi pendapatan non-usahatani sebesar 30% dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp 18.320.000/tahun.
Uji Efektivitas Silika Gel dari Sekam Padi dan Ampas Kopi Sebagai Adsorben
Authors: Adelia Belva Azilah  , Andi Filzah Dahiyah Liana  , Nur Elyssah Salam  , Ermiyati Ermiyati  , Hasnah Hasnah  
Published: October 2024

Indonesia adalah salah satu produsen utama dalam subsektor pertanian padi dan perkebunan kopi. Proses tersebut menghasilkan limbah sekam padi dan ampas kopi dan masih menjadi permasalahan yang sulit diatasi hingga saat ini. Perlu diketahui bahwa sekam padi merupakan salah satu sumber penghasil silika terbesar. Selain itu, karbon aktif pada ampas kopi dapat digunakan sebagai adsorben atau material yang mampu menyerap zat-zat kimia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas produk dari limbah yang berpotensi sebagai adsorben pengganti silika gel komersial. Pembuatan silika gel dilakukan dengan menyiapkan 5 sampel yang berisi abu sekam padi dan ampas kopi dengan takaran yang berbeda. Kemudian sampel menghasilkan filtrat berupa natrium silikat yang selanjutnya dinetralkan hingga pH = 7. Lalu dilakukan proses pemeraman dan disaring. Residu hasil penyaringan yang berhasil berbentuk gel hanya 2 sampel. Kedua sampel di keringkan, dihaluskan dan di cuci kemudian dikeringkan kembali dalam oven. Sampel silika gel di uji efektivitasnya sebagai adsorben selama 7 hari. Hasil uji dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa silika gel yang mengandung 100% sekam padi menyerap air lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan silika gel yang mengandung 75% sekam padi dan 25% ampas kopi. Silika gel dari sekam padi dan ampas kopi ini dapat menjadi alternatif yang ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan daripada silika gel komersial.
Pengaruh Kombinasi Tanah Top Soil dan Kotoran Ayam Broiler terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Cabai Merah (Capsicum annuum L.) Fase Vegetatif
Authors: Michel Koibur  , Benang Purwanto  , Evanggelius Nutrisius Kundi Kua  
Published: October 2024

Pupuk organik: Kotoran ayam merupakan sumber pupuk organik yang kaya akan nutrisi, termasuk nitrogen, fosfor, dan kalium. Nutrisi ini sangat dibutuhkan oleh tanaman cabai untuk pertumbuhan dan produksi yang baik. Meningkatkan kesuburan tanah: Kotoran ayam dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan kualitas struktur tanah. Hal ini akan memungkinkan tanaman cabai untuk menyerap nutrisi dengan lebih baik dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan akar. Tujuan penelitian untuk memperoleh kombinasi pupuk kandang dan media tanah top soil untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabe merah. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama 3 bulan dimulai bulan Maret sampai dengan Mei 2024, yang berlokasi di (Kampus 1 Politeknik Pembangunan Pertanian Manokwari). Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan perlakuan dosis Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental yang mengunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan menggunakan 4 perlakuan dosis pupuk kandang ayam (P) sebagai berikut: dosis kombinasi perlakuan media tanah dalam penelitian yang akan dilakukan, sebagai berikut: P0= Tanah (600 gram), P1= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 4:2 (400 gram : 200 gram), P2= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 3:3 ( 300 gram : 300 gram), P3= Tanah + Pupuk Kandang 2:4 (200 gram : 400 gram). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman umur 14,21,28,35,42 HST.
Peningkatan Hasil Kentang Varietas Unggul Baru Kembang di Pengunungan Arfak
Authors: Apresus Sinaga  , Amisnaipa Amisnaipa  
Published: October 2024

Selain penggunaan varietas unggul, Produksi kentang dapat ditingkatkan dengan menekan perkembangan pertumbuhan hama dan penyakit pada tanaman. Pengkajian dilakukan di lahan petani di Kampung Kisap di Distrik Ererai Kebupaten Pegaf. Pelaksanaan pengkajian dilakukan pada bulan April sampai dengan Desember 2018. Pengkajian disusun dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), terdiri atas 4 perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga terdapat 12 unit satuan percobaan, ekstra pestisida nabati dijadikan sebagai perlakuan. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Anova pada taraf 5 %, apabila terdapat beda nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan’s Mutiple Range Test (DMRT) 5%. Untuk melihat hubungan antar komponen pada tanaman ketang dianalisis menggunakan analisis korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa intensitas serangan hama tanaman dan produksi kentang meningkat setelah mendapat perlakuan kombinasi herbisida nabati sereh dan sereh jeringo.
Uji Berbagai Tingkat Kematangan Buah terhadap Viabilitas Benih Tomat (Lycopersicum esculemtum L.)
Authors: Ardaniah Ardaniah  , Syafitri Rahmawati  
Published: October 2024

Daya kecambah benih berkaitan dengan pemasakan buah. Mutu biji tertinggi diperoleh pada saat buah masak fisiologis. Pada saat buah telah mencapai masak fisiologi biji telah mempunyai berat kering yang maksimum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui daya kecambah benih dari berbagai tingkat kematangan buah Penelitian dilaksanakan di lahan percobaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Kalimantan Timur Kecamatan Tanah Grogot, Kabupaten Paser mulai tanggal 7 -14 Desember 2023. Penelitian dilaksanakan secara demplot dengan 3 taraf perlakuan yaitu: t1 = biji buah tomat merah, t2 = biji buah tomat kuning dan t3 = biji buah tomat hijau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa buah tomat merah memiliki viabilitas yang lebih tinggi dibanding buah tomat kuning dan hijau.