bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hysterectomy Pathway as the Global Engine of Practice Change: Implications for Value in Care
Authors: Sanei-Moghaddam Amin , Goughnour Sharon , Edwards Robert , Comerci John , Kelley Joseph , Donnellan Nicole , Linkov Faina , Mansuria Suketu 
Published: September 2017

Introduction: In 2012, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) introduced a hysterectomy clinical pathway to reduce the number of total abdominal hysterectomies performed for benign gynecological indications. This study focused on exploring physician and patient factors impacting the utilization of hysterectomy clinical pathways.Methods: An online survey with 24 questions was implemented to explore physicians’ attitudes and perceived barriers toward implementing the pathway. A survey consisting of 27 questions was developed for patients to determine the utility of a pathway-based educational tool for making surgery decisions and to measure satisfaction with the information provided. Descriptive statistics were used to describe survey results, while thematic analysis was performed on verbal feedback submitted by respondents. Results: Physician respondents found the clinical pathway to be practical, beneficial to patients, and up-to-date with the latest evidence-based literature. Key barriers to the use of the pathway that were identified by physicians included perceived waste of time, inappropriateness for some of the patient groups, improper incentive structure, and excessive bureaucracy surrounding the process. Overall, patient respondents were satisfied with the tool and found it to be helpful with the decision-making process of choosing a hysterectomy route. Conclusions: Physicians and patients found the developed tools to be practical and beneficial. Findings of this study will help to use pathways as a unifying framework to shape future care of patients needing hysterectomy and add value to their care.
Conhecimento local e uso dos recursos vegetais na Comunidade Sertão, Magé, Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Mourão Maria de Souza , Massimo Bovini G. , Kruel Viviane S.F. 
Published: September 2017

Este estudo etnobotânico foi realizado na Comunidade Sertão a partir do conhecimento local sobre os recursos vegetais dos residentes nas cercanias da Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural (RPPN) Campo Escoteiro Geraldo Hugo Nunes, área inserida na base do Parque Nacional da Serra dos Órgãos, em Magé, Rio de Janeiro. Visou analisar qualitativamente o conhecimento e usos de plantas na RPPN e entorno, investigar a riqueza de espécies úteis e comparar com resultados de outros estudos realizados na Mata Atlântica fluminense. Foram firmados os termos de consentimento prévio aos 24 informantes participantes das entrevistas semiestruturadas e individuais, considerados os principais detentores de conhecimento na área de estudo, pois foram indicados através da técnica “bola de neve”. Apenas 13 foram aqui considerados especialistas locais e participaram da técnica “listagem livre”. Foram obtidas 140 citações de uso para 67 espécies, as quais foram distribuídas em seis categorias de uso, sendo medicinal (46) e alimentar (24) as mais representativas. As maiores frequências de citação de uso foram para Sorocea bonplandii e Jacaranda puberula (69,2)%. Os conhecimentos locais registrados sobre o uso dos recursos vegetais poderão subsidiar ações para a conservação e salvaguarda da diversidade vegetal e cultural desta Unidade de Conservação.
DBP Impacts From Increased Chlorine Residual Requirements
Authors: Roth Damon K. , Cornwell David A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTSince the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) was implemented in 1989, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) has required utilities to maintain a chlorine residual (free or total) throughout the distribution system. Although many states have established numerical minimum values for the chlorine concentration to be maintained, the SWTR only requires a “detectable” residual. In 2015, AWWA's Disinfectant Residual Strategy Panel recommended that USEPA consider establishing numeric minimums for analytical methods used for disinfectant analysis to help utilities assess whether they are successfully maintaining disinfectant residuals in their systems. Implementing numeric minimums will require some utilities to increase chlorine dosages to maintain higher residuals than their current practice. In this study, water samples from 21 utilities across the United States were collected for testing to determine the impact that increasing residual chlorine levels would have on disinfection byproduct (DBP) formation. The results indicated that many systems are able to maintain detectable chlorine residuals without feeding sufficient chlorine to exhaust the inherent chlorine demand of the bulk water. Therefore, significantly more additional chlorine is required to raise the free chlorine residual from a trace level to a concentration of about 0.2–0.5 mg/L; after that concentration is reached, significantly less chlorine is required to increase residual. Accordingly, systems that currently maintain trace chlorine residuals in their distribution system will see increased DBP formation if they begin feeding sufficient chlorine to increase residuals. Systems that already maintain free chlorine residuals in excess of 0.2 mg/L would expect to see minimal incremental DPB formation if required to increase chlorine residuals.
Tillid i og til pædagogiske sammenhænge
Authors: Andersen Peter Østergaard 
Published: September 2017

’Tillid’ i pædagogiske sammenhænge forstås overvejende som noget, der handler om personlige og interpersonelle forhold, fx om barnet har tilstrækkelig selvtillid, og om der eksisterer tillidsfulde relationer mellem børn og pædagoger, elever og lærere, pædagoger/lærere og forældre. Artiklen foreslår at inddrage et systemniveau udover de niveauer, der fokuserer alene på de nære og interpersonelle forhold. ’Tillid’ vedrører ikke alene aspekter i pædagogiske sammenhænge, men også til pædagogiske sammenhænge, dvs. til pædagogikkens muligheder eller til det, man kan kalde ’det pædagogiske projekt’. Repræsentanter for de pædagogiske professioner befinder sig i en paradoksal position, når de skal skabe konkret tillid inden for et system, der i stigende grad kræver forholdemåder, der indirekte medvirker til at skabe mistillid.
Krop og civilisering: Om unge danske pigers forhold til den nøgne krop i forbindelse med omklædning
Authors: Hybholt Maria Gliemann , Thing Lone Friis 
Published: September 2017

Artiklen belyser, hvordan unge pigers forhold til bade- og omklædningssituationeninvolverer en ubehagelig skamfølelse.Formålet med artiklen er at belyse, hvordan forholdet mellem samfund og krop kan påvirke de unge pigers handlinger i bade- og omklædningssituationen efter idræt. Undersøgelsen er teoretisk inspireret af Norbert Elias (2000; 2008) samt Erving Goffman (1982; 1990) primært med fokus på teoretikernes sociale forståelse af følelsen skam og dens indflydelse på individets handlinger.
Professionernes fire diskurser
Authors: Moos Lejf 
Published: September 2017

Denne tekst identificerer fire faser i udviklingen af de eksterne påvirkninger, som kan have betydning for lærerprofessionens arbejdsvilkår og dermed af synet på dem: En fase, som kan siges at høre velfærdsstaten til, kalder jeg en dannelsesdiskurs. Den anden fase udvikles i konkurrencestaten omkring 00’erne. Den fase kalder jeg læringsmålstyringsdiskursen. Jeg kalder den tredje og fjerde fase i de globale udviklinger med fokus på læring for en eduBusiness-diskurs og en digital globaliseringsdiskurs. Vægten vil blive lagt på de tre seneste diskurser, fordi den første diskurs er velanalyseret andre steder. This text identifies four phases in the development of external influences on the educational professionals’ working condition and thus in the view we have on them. One phase belongs to the welfare state époche from World War II until the beginning of this century. I name it the democratic Bildung discourse. The second phase is emerging in the competitive state époche from 2000 and onwards. This phase is named the effectiveness discourse. I name the third and fourth phases in the global development focusing on learning the eduBusiness discourse and the digital globalisation discourse. The focus is on the here latter discourses because the first one is well described elsewhere.
Almen voksenuddannelse – om behovet for en helhedsorienteret indsats
Authors: Wiedemann Finn 
Published: September 2017

I mange år har det været et erklæret mål for skiftende regeringer i Danmark, at 95 procent af en ungdomsårgang skal gennemføre en ungdomsuddannelse. En af de uddannelser, som har haft til formål at løfte denne opgave, er almen voksenuddannelse (avu), som gradvist har fået flere yngre kursister. Med afsæt i bl.a. erfaringerne fra et F&U-program vil jeg argumentere for, at skal man arbejde pædagogisk konstruktivt med målgruppen, er det ikke nok udelukkende at have fokus på den uddannelses- og kvalificeringsmæssige dimension. I stedet er der behov for en helhedsorienteret pædagogisk indsats.Throughout many years it has been a target for different governments in Denmark to increase the number of young people attending youth education. One of the educations involved in this challenge has been almen voksenuddannelse (general adult education). Taking the starting point of the experiences from the latest R&D-program I will argue that if you are going to work with young people attending the education you need a more holistic focus.
Le patrimoine documentaire comme soubassement d’un développement durable
Authors: Diouf Antonin Benoît 
Published: September 2017

Le présent article vise à démontrer le lien qui existe entre les bibliothèques et le concept de développement durable. Il se concentre sur la nécessaire préservation du patrimoine documentaire pour favoriser un développement durable au bénéfice des générations futures. Le patrimoine documentaire a valeur de source d’inspiration pour toute action à venir et tout doit être mis en oeuvre pour que sa préservation soit durable pour une infinité temporelle. Cela est d’autant plus important dans un contexte africain où le développement représente le défi ultime de l’ensemble des pays du continent.
L’argumentaire du présent article se base sur la réalité vécue dans une bibliothèque patrimoniale panafricaine confrontée à un sérieux problème de conservation de ses collections, une situation partagée avec bien d’autres structures documentaires du même type. Ses collections qui représentent une part de la mémoire gouvernementale africaine post-indépendante sont mises en péril par des agents de dégradation biologiques et physiques, hypothéquant ainsi leur accès par les futures ressources humaines d’Afrique.
Tout en montrant le lien évident entre accès à l’information et développement – comme l’a si bien compris l’IFLA, qui a imposé cet élément parmi les sous-objectifs des Objectifs du développement durable (ODD) –, l’exposé cherche aussi à montrer que les bibliothèques et les structures assimilées peuvent promouvoir le développement durable, non pas seulement en matière d’appropriation de techniques architecturales écologiquement rentables, mais aussi de comportements responsables dans la prise en compte des risques environnementaux. Pour ce faire, les bibliothèques doivent s’adapter aux législations nationales et transnationales en matière d’environnement pour conformer leurs services et modes de fonctionnement aux desiderata de ces dernières, ce qu’il est souvent difficile d’accomplir dans un contexte africain.
Los "Bienes Democráticos" en la Economía del Bien Común: cuatro vías para su delimitación conceptual
Authors: Saavedra Luis F. Campos , Rodríguez Morilla Carmen 
Published: September 2017

¿Es posible delimitar una nueva categoría económica –los Bienes Democráticos (BBDD)– para poner en marcha y operativizar un nuevo marco dentro del cual concebir la gestión de bienes más indispensablescomo derechos económicos, por su papel central en la realización de los Derechos Humanos? ¿De qué manera podríamos identificar tales Bienes Democráticos? ¿Qué directrices o principios rectores guiarían su búsqueda?Para responder a estas preguntas presentamos una propuesta con la que tratamos de proporcionar los fundamentos necesarios para establecer su delimitación conceptual, desde cuatro aristas o vías que le dan contención: (1) La sociohistórica, con un recorrido por las grandes transformaciones socioculturales de la Humanidad, en las que los BBDD se ponen de manifiesto, con un carácter vital y fundacional para la condiciónhumana. (2) La económica: con la articulación de los BBDD dentro del amplio campo de los commons, los elementos diferenciales que los distinguen, la cuestión de la reciprocidad sistémica y los tramos, en los que cada BBDD se especifica y concreta. (3) La política: que comienza con la toma de conciencia de la escasa institucionalización y funcionalidad real de las comunidades –el sujeto activo que ha de gestionar estos bienes–, queal organizarse amplía el espacio que define las posibilidades políticas, creando gobernanza. (4) La jurídica: que pone en relación el modo de gestión de los bienes económicos señalados con algunos de los derechos fundamentales, estableciendo derechos económicos. Galtung (1977), Bruni y Zamagni (2007) y Felber (2010) nos aportan los puntos de partida.
Bestyrkende faktorer som fremmer en positiv overgang fra skole til varig arbeidslivstilknytning for elever i lærekandidat-ordningen.
Authors: Breilid Nils , Dyrnes Eva 
Published: September 2017

Introduksjon: Artikkelen omhandler ungdom som har hatt spesialundervisning i grunn- og videregående skole og faktorer som kan bidra til en god overgang til varig yrkeslivstilknytning i privat eller offentlig virksomhet. I denne artikkelen ønsker vi, gjennom en kvalitativ tilnærming å forfølge problemstillingen; Hvilke bestyrkende faktorer kan fremme positive overganger fra skole til varig arbeidslivstilknytning for elever i lærekandidatordningen?Teoretisk tilnærming: Artikkelens teoretiske tilnærming forankres i forståelse og fortolkning av norsk skolelovgivning og teori om «empowerment». De teoretiske perspektivene anvendes i drøfting av empiri.Metode: Den metodiske tilnærmingen er kvalitativ. Det er gjennomført fire semi-strukturerte intervjuer av unge informanter som har gjennomført videregående skole i lærekandidatordningen og som har hatt minimum ett års tilknytning til bedrift. Det er gjennomført tematiske analyser av datamaterialet gjennom anvendelse av NVivo 11, et data-analyseprogram som støtter kvalitative data og blandede forskningsmetoder.Resultat og diskusjon: Gjennom tematisk analysen fant vi tre betydningsfulle bestyrkningsfaktorer som har bidratt til gode arenaoverganger og varig arbeidslivstilknytning:a) Anvendelse og utvikling av elevens kompetanse - mestring og meningb) Betydningen av relasjon, kommunikasjon og velfungerende sosio-økologiske nettverkc) Betydningen av elevmedvirkning og elevmedbestemmelse
Sensitivity of Clay Suspension Rheological Properties to pH, Temperature, Salinity, and Smectite‐Quartz Ratio
Authors: Kameda Jun , Morisaki Tomonori 
Published: September 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the rheological properties of clay suspensions is critical to assessing the behavior of sediment gravity flows such as debris flow or turbidity current. We conducted rheological measurements of composite smectite‐quartz suspensions at a temperature of 7°C and a salt concentration of 0.6 M. This is representative of smectite‐bearing sediments under conditions on the seafloor. The flow curves obtained were fitted by the Bingham fluid model, from which we determined the Bingham yield stress and dynamic viscosity of each suspension. At a constant smectite‐quartz mixing ratio, the yield stress and the dynamic viscosity tend to increase as the solid/water ratio of the suspension is increased. In the case of a constant solid/water ratio, these values increase with increasing smectite content in the smectite‐quartz mixture. Additional experiments exploring differing physicochemical conditions (pH 1.0–9.0; temperature 2–30°C; and electrolyte (NaCl) concentration 0.2–0.6 M) revealed that the influence of temperature is negligible, while pH moderately affects the rheology of the suspension. More significantly, the electrolyte concentration greatly affects the flow behavior. These variations can be explained by direct and/or indirect (double‐layer) interactions between smectite‐smectite particles as well as between smectite‐quartz particles in the suspension. Although smectite is known as a frictionally weak material, our experimental results suggest that its occurrence can reduce the likelihood that slope failure initiates. Furthermore, smectite can effectively suppress the spreading distance once the slope has failed.
Sensitivity of the Greenland Ice Sheet to Interglacial Climate Forcing: MIS 5e Versus MIS 11
Authors: Rachmayani Rima , Prange Matthias , Lunt Daniel J. , Stone Emma J. , Schulz Michael 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is thought to have contributed substantially to high global sea levels during the interglacials of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5e and 11. Geological evidence suggests that the mass loss of the GrIS was greater during the peak interglacial of MIS 11 than MIS 5e, despite a weaker boreal summer insolation. We address this conundrum by using the three‐dimensional thermomechanical ice sheet model Glimmer forced by Community Climate System Model version 3 output for MIS 5e and MIS 11 interglacial time slices. Our results suggest a stronger sensitivity of the GrIS to MIS 11 climate forcing than to MIS 5e forcing. Besides stronger greenhouse gas radiative forcing, the greater MIS 11 GrIS mass loss relative to MIS 5e is attributed to a larger oceanic heat transport toward high latitudes by a stronger Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. The vigorous MIS 11 ocean overturning, in turn, is related to a stronger wind‐driven salt transport from low to high latitudes promoting North Atlantic Deep Water formation. The orbital insolation forcing, which causes the ocean current anomalies, is discussed.
State of the Art and Challenges of Radio Spectrum Monitoring in China
Authors: Lu Q. N. , Yang J. J. , Jin Z. Y. , Chen D. Z. , Huang M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of radio spectrum monitoring in China. First, research background, the motivation is described and then train of thought, the prototype system, and the accomplishments are presented. Current radio spectrum monitoring systems are man‐machine communication systems, which are unable to detect and process the radio interference automatically. In order to realize intelligent radio monitoring and spectrum management, we proposed an Internet of Things‐based spectrum sensing approach using information system architecture and implemented a pilot program; then some very interesting results were obtained.
Differential Exhumation and Crustal Tilting in the Easternmost Tianshan (Xinjiang, China), Revealed by Low‐Temperature Thermochronology
Authors: Gillespie J. , Glorie S. , Jepson G. , Zhang Z. Y. , Xiao W. J. , Danišík M. , Collins A. S. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe easternmost Tianshan forms the eastern extremity of the modern Central Asian Orogenic Belt and represents a key locality to investigate strain propagation from the Meso‐Cenozoic plate margins to the Eurasian interior. The Tianshan as a whole has been reactivated multiple times throughout the Meso‐Cenozoic, but the extent of these reactivation events is yet to be fully understood. This study applies apatite fission track and apatite (U‐Th‐Sm)/He thermochronology to the mountain ranges of the easternmost Tianshan. Our new results suggest that the area experienced two phases of rapid cooling in the Mesozoic—during the Early to Middle Triassic and the Late Cretaceous. These cooling phases are linked to tectonic events at the distant plate margins such as the Permian to Middle Triassic closure of the Paleoasian Ocean and the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous Mongol Okhotsk orogeny. Fault‐controlled differential exhumation and block tilting are recorded in the distribution of apatite fission track ages across the region. Finally, we show through a combination of multiple thermochronometers and the integration of structural analysis that the easternmost Tianshan has experienced insufficient exhumation to constrain the timing of reactivation in response to the Cenozoic collision of India with Eurasia and instead records older, Mesozoic tectonic events.
Multiscale Investigation on Biofilm Distribution and Its Impact on Macroscopic Biogeochemical Reaction Rates
Authors: Yan Zhifeng , Liu Chongxuan , Liu Yuanyuan , Bailey Vanessa L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBiofilms are critical locations for biogeochemical reactions in the subsurface environment. The occurrence and distribution of biofilms at microscale as well as their impacts on macroscopic biogeochemical reaction rates are still poorly understood. This paper investigated the formation and distributions of biofilms in heterogeneous sediments using multiscale models and evaluated the effects of biofilm heterogeneity on local and macroscopic biogeochemical reaction rates. Sediment pore structures derived from X‐ray computed tomography were used to simulate the microscale flow dynamics and biofilm distribution in the sediment column. The response of biofilm formation and distribution to the variations in hydraulic and chemical properties was first examined. One representative biofilm distribution was then utilized to evaluate its effects on macroscopic reaction rates using nitrate reduction as an example. The results revealed that microorganisms primarily grew on the surfaces of grains and aggregates near preferential flow paths where both electron donor and acceptor were readily accessible, leading to the heterogeneous distribution of biofilms in the sediments. The heterogeneous biofilm distribution decreased the macroscopic rate of biogeochemical reactions as compared with those in homogeneous cases. Operationally considering the heterogeneous biofilm distribution in macroscopic reactive transport models such as using dual porosity domain concept can significantly improve the prediction of biogeochemical reaction rates. Overall, this study provided important insights into the biofilm formation and distribution in soils and sediments as well as their impacts on the macroscopic manifestation of reaction rates.