bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preventive Health for Transgender Men and Women
Authors: Graf Elizabeth , McCune Kaitlyn , Imborek Katherine 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTransgender men and women experience an incongruity between their assigned sex at birth and their identified gender. Gender dysphoria is defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5) as clinically significant distress or impairment resulting from misalignment in assigned and experienced gender. Transgender people have a history of negative experiences in health care and efforts should be made to create a welcoming environment through staff training, gender neutral restrooms, and gender inclusive electronic medical record systems. Transgender men and women face unique preventive health concerns in areas of metabolic screening, cancer screening, immunizations, and anticipatory guidance secondary to cross-sex hormone therapy, gender confirming surgical procedures, and certain high-risk behaviors. Here, the available data are reviewed and suggested best practices are outlined to optimize the preventive health for this patient population.
Co-IVF for Same-Sex Female Couples
Authors: Getrajdman Chloe , Lee Joseph , Copperman Alan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe utilization of assisted reproductive technology (ART), particularly by same-sex female couples (SSFCs), has increased over the past few decades. Alongside the increase in use by lesbian women, there has also been an increase in the number of available treatment options. The process by which SSFCs make the various decisions associated with conceiving and parenting, however, has been largely overlooked. This review provides an overview of the reproductive treatments available to lesbian women and specifically highlights the “biological” and “social” obstacles they must overcome on their journey to parenthood. This review also describes how a relatively novel treatment strategy, co-in vitro fertilization, can give couples greater flexibility and provide them with the unique opportunity of a shared biological motherhood.
Family Building by Same-Sex Male Couples via Gestational Surrogacy
Authors: Kim Helen 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBest estimates suggest that the number of households with same-sex male couples is increasing. One option for family building by same-sex male couples is gestational surrogacy. Embryos would be generated in vitro, using the biologic father's sperm with donor oocytes, and another woman (the gestational carrier) would undergo an embryo transfer to bear a child. Conceiving via gestational surrogacy requires advance planning, not only to coordinate the oocyte donor and gestational carrier but also to comply with regulations set forth by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) has also published recommendations for practices using gestational carriers, which, in many cases, are more stringent than the FDA regulations. This article will review the FDA regulations and ASRM recommendations and their implications for same-sex male couples who plan to conceive via gestational surrogacy.
Feasibility of esophageal stent fixation with an over-the-scope-clip for malignant esophageal strictures to prevent migration
Authors: Watanabe Ko , Hikichi Takuto , Nakamura Jun , Takagi Tadayuki , Suzuki Rei , Sugimoto Mitsuru , Waragai Yuichi , Kikuchi Hitomi , Konno Naoki , Asama Hiroyuki , Takasumi Mika , Sato Yuki , Obara Katsutoshi , Ohira Hiromasa 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Fixation of an esophageal self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) with an over-the-scope-clip (OTSC) system for a benign stricture to prevent migration has been reported. However, the efficacy of SEMS fixation with an OTSC for malignant esophageal stricture remains unclear. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the feasibility of SEMS fixation with an OTSC for a malignant esophageal stricture.
Patients and methods Twelve patients who underwent esophageal SEMS placement and fixation with an OTSC for a malignant esophageal stricture were included in this retrospective study. The primary endpoint was technical success. The secondary endpoint was clinical success, which was defined as an improvement of at least 1 grade in the dysphagia score 1 week after SEMS placement or changes in the dysphagia score from before SEMS placement to 1 week after SEMS placement.
Results The technical success rate was 100 %. The clinical success rate was 92.3 %. In 6 mild stricture cases in which a standard peroral endoscope could be used, no migration of the SEMS was observed. The median dysphagia score before and at 1 week after SEMS placement was 3 (range 2 – 4) and 0 (0 – 4), respectively, which indicated improvement at 1 week after SEMS placement compared with before SEMS placement (P = 0.002). There were no adverse events associated with placement of SEMS and deployment of an OTSC.
Conclusions SEMS fixation with an OTSC is feasible for prevention of migration due to a malignant esophageal stricture.
Multicenter retrospective and comparative study of 5-minute versus 15-second endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for removal of bile duct stones
Authors: Hakuta Ryunosuke , Hamada Tsuyoshi , Nakai Yousuke , Isayama Hiroyuki , Kogure Hirofumi , Mizuno Suguru , Naminatsu Takahara , Yagioka Hiroshi , Togawa Osamu , Matsubara Saburo , Ito Yukiko , Yamamoto Natsuyo , Tsujino Takeshi , Koike Kazuhiko 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) is a method of bile duct stone removal that has a better long-term outcome but a high risk of post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP). Recent studies have suggested that 5-minute EPBD can reduce the incidence of PEP. This study aimed to examine the safety and effectiveness of longer duration EPBD compared with shorter duration EPBD (5 minutes vs. 15 seconds after disappearance of the waist of a dilation catheter).
Patients and methods Patients without a history of endoscopic sphincterotomy or EPBD who underwent EPBD to remove bile duct stones were selected retrospectively from five centers. The incidence of PEP, other early adverse events, and outcomes of EPBD were compared between the groups. A multivariable analysis of risk factors for PEP was performed.
Results A total of 607 patients (157 and 450 in the 5-minute and 15-second EPBD groups, respectively) were included. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in terms of the incidence of PEP (8.3 % and 8.9 % in the 5-minute and 15-second EPBD groups, respectively; P = 0.871) and the incidence of overall early adverse events (P = 0.999). Although 5-minute EPBD elongated the procedure time (45 vs. 37 minutes, P < 0.001), it increased the rate of complete stone removal during a single session (P < 0.001) and decreased the use of lithotripsy (P < 0.001).
Conclusions Compared with 15-second EPBD, 5-minute EPBD did not reduce the incidence of PEP.
Susceptibility of Representative Great Lakes Fish Species to the North Carolina Strain of Spring Viremia of Carp Virus (SVCV)
Authors: Boonthai Traimat , Loch Thomas P. , Standish Isaac , Faisal Mohamed 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV) is a notifiable pathogen of the World Organization of Animal Health. Since SVCV was isolated in Lake Ontario in 2007, concern has grown about its spread in the Great Lakes basin and its potential negative impacts on fish species of importance in stock enhancement programs basinwide. The susceptibility of representative fish species from the families Cyprinidae (Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas, Golden Shiner Notemigonus crysoleucas, Spotfin Shiner Cyprinella spiloptera, and Creek Chub Semotilus atromaculatus), Centrarchidae (Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides), Percidae (Walleye Sander vitreus), Salmonidae (Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Esocidae (Muskellunge Esox masquinongy) to SVCV was evaluated by experimental infection under laboratory conditions. Morbidity and mortality were recorded, and virus re-isolation, seminested reverse transcription PCR, and histopathological assessments were performed. Using intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection, Fathead Minnows and Golden Shiners were highly susceptible to SVCV (40–70% mortality). All dead or moribund and apparently healthy surviving Fathead Minnows and Golden Shiners were SVCV positive. The SVCV was also detected in challenged but healthy Spotfin Shiners (30%) and Creek Chub (5%). However, noncyprinid species exhibited no morbidity or mortality and were free of SVCV following an observation period of 30 d. In a follow-up experimental challenge, Fathead Minnows and Golden Shiners were SVCV challenged at 103 and 105 PFU/mL by means of waterborne immersion. After immersion, Fathead Minnows and Golden Shiners exhibited characteristic SVCV disease signs, but mortality was less (30% and 10% mortality, respectively) than that in fish with i.p. injections. The SVCV was detected in all mortalities and a subset of healthy Fathead Minnows and Golden Shiners. Necrotic changes were observed in the kidneys, liver, spleen, ovaries, and heart, and other histopathological lesions also occurred. These findings suggest that two of the four cyprinids tested are susceptible to SVCV-induced disease and that all four can act as potential carriers of SVCV in the Laurentian Great Lakes.
Received January 11, 2017; accepted July 17, 2017 Published online October 26, 2017
A customised cold‐water immersion protocol favours one‐size‐fits‐all protocols in improving acute performance recovery
Authors: Zandvoort Coen S. , de Zwart Jelmer R. , van Keeken Brenda L. , Viroux Patrick J. F. , Tiemessen Ivo J. H. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a customised cold‐water immersion (CWIc) protocol was more effective in enhancing acute performance recovery than a one‐size‐fits‐all CWI (CWIs) or active recovery (AR) protocol. On three separate testing days, 10 healthy, physically active, non‐smoking males completed the same fatiguing protocol (60 squat jumps and a 2′30″ all‐out cycling time‐trial) followed by CWIc (12°C, 10–17 min), CWIs (15°C, 10 min) or AR (60 W, 10 min). Outcome measures to assess acute recovery were heart rate variability (HRV) as HRVrecovery, muscle power (MP) as absolute and relative decline, and muscle soreness (MS) at 0 and 24 h. HRVrecovery for CWIc was significantly higher compared to CWIs (p = .026, r = 0.74) and AR (p = .000, r = 0.95). The relative decline in MP after CWIc was significantly lower than after CWIs (p = .017, r = 0.73). MS 0 h and MS 24 h post‐intervention were not different after CWIc compared to CWIs and AR (p > .05). The findings of the present study demonstrated that CWIc outperforms CWIs and AR in the acute recovery of cardiovascular (HRV) and CWIs in neuromuscular (MP) performance with no differences in MS. To optimise the effects of CWI, contributions of the protocol duration and water temperature should be considered to guarantee an optimal customised dose.
Sleep, training load and performance in elite female gymnasts
Authors: Dumortier J. , Mariman A. , Boone J. , Delesie L. , Tobback E. , Vogelaers D. , Bourgois J. G. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTraining load (TL) and recovery should be in optimal balance to obtain maximal performance gains. We aimed to study sleep as a recovery technique and its relationship with TL and performance in elite athletes. Twenty‐six elite female artistic gymnasts were divided into an under 13 (n = 6), an under 14 (n = 6), a junior (n = 7; 14–15y) and a senior (=World Championship (WC) competitors, n = 7; ≥16y) category. Sleep, through sleep logs, and training parameters, using the session Rate of Perceived Exertion (sRPE) scale, were monitored to calculate total sleep time (TST), sleep efficiency (SE), TL, monotony and strain. Performance of WC competitors was evaluated through coach and WC qualification ranking. For the entire group, TST (effect sizes (ES) = −1.12, confidence intervals (CI) = −60:−47, P < .05) and SE (ES = −0.13, CI = −1.40:−0.10, P = .022) were shorter during week than weekend nights. TST and SE were highest in youngest gymnasts (P < .05). TL was lowest in under 13 and senior gymnasts (P < .05), while TL, monotony and strain were highest in junior gymnasts (P < .05). A negative regression was found between TST and TL the day after, while higher TL also led to lower TST the following night (P < .001). For the WC competitors, TST the night before the qualifications was shorter than the mean TST of the WC period (ES = −0.95, CI = −170:24, P = .030). TST correlated with coach ranking (r = −0.857, P = .014). Higher TL correlated with worse WC (r = 0.829, P = .042) and coach (r = 0.893, P = .007) ranking. This research in elite gymnasts indicated associations between decreased TST, augmented TL and inferior performance. Optimizing sleep and TL may therefore represent strategies to enhance performance.
Development and Field Application of a Model Predicting Effects of Episodic Hypoxia on Short-Term Growth of Spot
Authors: Campbell Lindsay A. , Rice James A. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In North Carolina and elsewhere, there is concern that excessive nutrient loading and resulting hypoxic conditions in coastal ecosystems are adversely affecting the native fauna, but quantifying the effects on fish can be difficult. Hypoxia may reduce fish growth via direct exposure or indirectly (e.g., cost of low-oxygen avoidance, reduced food availability, and density-dependent effects in oxygenated refuges). Given the fine spatial and temporal scale of oxygen dynamics in estuarine habitats, evaluating the impacts of hypoxia on fish growth requires short-term growth indicators that integrate the effects of rapidly changing environmental conditions. To address this need, we experimentally determined the sensitivity and response time of a suite of bioindicators of recent growth (RNA:DNA ratio and RNA concentration in muscle tissue; insulin-like growth factor-I messenger RNA expression in the liver; hepatosomatic index; and Fulton's condition factor K) to changes in the specific growth rate of juvenile Spot Leiostomus xanthurus. A model based on multiple bioindicators was better at estimating growth rate than models based on single indicators. We used this model to estimate recent growth rates of juvenile Spot collected from the Neuse River estuary and related them to recent dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions. Estimated growth rates of Spot collected after a week of good DO conditions were almost twice those of Spot collected after a week of poor DO conditions. Using these results and DO data from the Neuse River estuary in 2007–2010, we estimated that hypoxia dynamics reduced Spot growth over the summer by 6–18% in these years relative to growth under constant good DO conditions. This approach can be used to evaluate impacts of observed or modeled scenarios of water quality dynamics on growth of juvenile Spot and serves as a template for development of predictive growth models for other species.
An exact test for comparing a fixed quantitative property between gene sets
Authors: Parks Matthew M 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMotivationA significant difference in the distribution of a feature between two gene sets can provide insight into function or regulation. This statistical setting differs from much of hypothesis testing theory because the genome is often considered to be effectively fixed, finite and entirely known in commonly studied organisms, such as human. The Mann–Whitney U test is commonly employed in this scenario despite the assumptions of the test not being met, leading to unreliable and generally underpowered results. Permutation tests are also commonly employed for this purpose, but are computationally burdensome and are not tractable for obtaining small P values or for multiple comparisons.ResultsWe present an exact test for the null hypothesis that gene set membership is independent of the quantitative gene feature of interest. We derive an analytic expression for the randomization distribution of the median of the quantitative feature under the null hypothesis. Efficient implementation permits calculation of precise P values of arbitrary magnitude and makes thousands of simultaneous tests of transcriptome-sized gene sets computationally tractable. The flexibility of the hypothesis testing framework presented permits extension to a variety of related tests commonly found in genomics. The exact test is used to identify signatures of translation control and protein function in the human genome.Availability and implementationThe exact test presented here is implemented in R in the package kpmt available on CRAN.Supplementary informationSupplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Risk Factors for Community-Associated Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Guh Alice Y , Adkins Susan Hocevar , Li Qunna , Bulens Sandra N , Farley Monica M , Smith Zirka , Holzbauer Stacy M , Whitten Tory , Phipps Erin C , Hancock Emily B , Dumyati Ghinwa , Concannon Cathleen , Kainer Marion A , Rue Brenda , Lyons Carol , Olson Danyel M , Wilson Lucy , Perlmutter Rebecca , Winston Lisa G , Parker Erin , Bamberg Wendy , Beldavs Zintars G , Ocampo Valerie , Karlsson Maria , Gerding Dale N , McDonald L Clifford 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
An increasing proportion of Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) in the United States are community-associated (CA). We conducted a case-control study to identify CA-CDI risk factors.

Methods
We enrolled participants from 10 US sites during October 2014–March 2015. Case patients were defined as persons age ≥18 years with a positive C. difficile specimen collected as an outpatient or within 3 days of hospitalization who had no admission to a health care facility in the prior 12 weeks and no prior CDI diagnosis. Each case patient was matched to one control (persons without CDI). Participants were interviewed about relevant exposures; multivariate conditional logistic regression was performed.

Results
Of 226 pairs, 70.4% were female and 52.2% were ≥60 years old. More case patients than controls had prior outpatient health care (82.1% vs 57.9%; P &lt; .0001) and antibiotic (62.2% vs 10.3%; P &lt; .0001) exposures. In multivariate analysis, antibiotic exposure—that is, cephalosporin (adjusted matched odds ratio [AmOR], 19.02; 95% CI, 1.13–321.39), clindamycin (AmOR, 35.31; 95% CI, 4.01–311.14), fluoroquinolone (AmOR, 30.71; 95% CI, 2.77–340.05) and beta-lactam and/or beta-lactamase inhibitor combination (AmOR, 9.87; 95% CI, 2.76–340.05),—emergency department visit (AmOR, 17.37; 95% CI, 1.99–151.22), white race (AmOR 7.67; 95% CI, 2.34–25.20), cardiac disease (AmOR, 4.87; 95% CI, 1.20–19.80), chronic kidney disease (AmOR, 12.12; 95% CI, 1.24–118.89), and inflammatory bowel disease (AmOR, 5.13; 95% CI, 1.27–20.79) were associated with CA-CDI.

Conclusions
Antibiotics remain an important risk factor for CA-CDI, underscoring the importance of appropriate outpatient prescribing. Emergency departments might be an environmental source of CDI; further investigation of their contribution to CDI transmission is needed.
Rapid Influenza Testing in an Austere Setting, Mongolia
Authors: Maisetseg Chuluunbaatar , Ulziimaa Daramragchaa , Sack Alexandra , Battsetseg Gonchigoo , Bekh-Ochir Baigalmaa , Yondon Myagmarsukh , Gray Gregory C 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In 2015–2017, we helped rural Mongolian clinicians with poor infrastructure adopt rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs). In their hands, the Quidel Sofia Influenza A Test was both sensitive (75%) and specific (100%). If made widely available, such RIDTs would have the potential to markedly reduce influenza morbidity and mortality in Mongolia.
Multiwavelength study of X-ray luminous clusters in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program S16A field
Authors: Miyaoka Keita , Okabe Nobuhiro , Kitaguchi Takao , Oguri Masamune , Fukazawa Yasushi , Mandelbaum Rachel , Medezinski Elinor , Babazaki Yasunori , Nishizawa Atsushi J , Hamana Takashi , Lin Yen-Ting , Akamatsu Hiroki , Chiu I-Non , Fujita Yutaka , Ichinohe Yuto , Komiyama Yutaka , Sasaki Toru , Takizawa Motokazu , Ueda Shutaro , Umetsu Keiichi , Coupon Jean , Hikage Chiaki , Hoshino Akio , Leauthaud Alexie , Matsushita Kyoko , Mitsuishi Ikuyuki , Miyatake Hironao , Miyazaki Satoshi , More Surhud , Nakazawa Kazuhiro , Ota Naomi , Sato Kousuke , Spergel David , Tamura Takayuki , Tanaka Masayuki , Tanaka Manobu M , Utsumi Yousuke 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We present a joint X-ray, optical, and weak-lensing analysis for X-ray luminous galaxy clusters selected from the MCXC (Meta-Catalog of X-Ray Detected Clusters of Galaxies) cluster catalog in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) survey field with S16A data. As a pilot study for a series of papers, we measure hydrostatic equilibrium (HE) masses using XMM-Newton data for four clusters in the current coverage area out of a sample of 22 MCXC clusters. We additionally analyze a non-MCXC cluster associated with one MCXC cluster. We show that HE masses for the MCXC clusters are correlated with cluster richness from the CAMIRA catalog, while that for the non-MCXC cluster deviates from the scaling relation. The mass normalization of the relationship between cluster richness and HE mass is compatible with one inferred by matching CAMIRA cluster abundance with a theoretical halo mass function. The mean gas mass fraction based on HE masses for the MCXC clusters is 〈fgas〉 = 0.125 ± 0.012 at spherical overdensity Δ = 500, which is ∼80%–90% of the cosmic mean baryon fraction, Ωb/Ωm, measured by cosmic microwave background experiments. We find that the mean baryon fraction estimated from X-ray and HSC-SSP optical data is comparable to Ωb/Ωm. A weak-lensing shear catalog of background galaxies, combined with photometric redshifts, is currently available only for three clusters in our sample. Hydrostatic equilibrium masses roughly agree with weak-lensing masses, albeit with large uncertainty. This study demonstrates that further multiwavelength study for a large sample of clusters using X-ray, HSC-SSP optical, and weak-lensing data will enable us to understand cluster physics and utilize cluster-based cosmology.
Using a Modified A3 Lean Framework to Identify Ways to Increase Students’ Reporting of Mistreatment Behaviors
Authors: Ross Paula T. , Abdoler Emily , Flygt LeeAnne , Mangrulkar Rajesh S. , Santen Sally A. 
Published: October 2017

Problem
The proportion of students who experience mistreatment is significantly higher than the proportion of students who report mistreatment. Identifying ways to improve students’ reporting of these incidents is one strategy for increasing opportunities to achieve resolution and prevent future occurrences.

Approach
The authors applied a modified A3 Lean framework to examine medical student reporting of mistreatment behaviors at the University of Michigan Medical School (UMMS) in 2013–2016. The A3 Lean framework is a stepwise approach that involves outlining the background to establish the context of the problem, describing the current condition, identifying the goal or desired outcome, analyzing causes of the problem, providing proposed countermeasures for improvement, and creating follow-up plans. The authors identified three reasons for the difference between students’ experiences and reporting of mistreatment and developed five countermeasures/action plan items to address this difference.

Outcomes
The proportion of students reporting mistreatment at UMMS increased 21.4% between 2013 and 2016. Compared with 2013, more students in 2016 indicated not reporting because the incident did not seem important enough or because they resolved the issue on their own.

Next Steps
The authors have enlisted the support of the health system’s human resources department and presented the inaugural grand rounds on improving the learning environment in 2016. Among other things, they are also partnering with this team to add questions about student mistreatment and civility to the annual employee engagement survey distributed to all 20,000 employees.