bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of anterior latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for irreparable subscapularis tears
Authors: Baek Chang H. , Kim Jung G. , Kim Bo T. 
Published: September 2024

AimsFavourable short-term outcomes have been reported following latissimus dorsi tendon transfer for patients with an irreparable subscapularis (SSC) tendon tear. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcomes of this transfer in these patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective study involving 30 patients with an irreparable SSC tear and those with a SSC tear combined with a reparable supraspinatus tear, who underwent a latissimus dorsi tendon transfer. Clinical scores and active range of motion (aROM), SSC-specific physical examination and the rate of return to work were assessed. Radiological assessment included recording the acromiohumeral distance (AHD), the Hamada grade of cuff tear arthropathy and the integrity of the transferred tendon. Statistical analysis compared preoperative, short-term (two years), and final follow-up at a mean of 8.7 years (7 to 10).ResultsThere were significant improvements in clinical scores, in the range and strength of internal rotation and aROM compared with the preoperative values in the 26 patients (87%) who were available for long-term follow-up. These improvements were maintained between short- and long-term follow-ups. Although there was a decreased mean AHD of 7.3 mm (SD 1.5) and an increased mean Hamada grade of 1.7 (SD 0.5) at final follow-up, the rate of progression of cuff tear arthropathy remained low-grade. Comparison between the isolated SSC and combined SSC and reparable supraspinatus tear groups showed no significant differences. At final follow-up, one patient (3.8%) had undergone revision surgery to a reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA). No neurological complications were associated with the procedure.ConclusionLatissimus dorsi transfer for an irreparable SSC tendon tear resulted in a significant clinical improvement, particularly in pain, range and strength of internal rotation and aROM, which were maintained over a mean of 8.7 years following surgery. Given that this was a long-term outcome study, there was a low-grade progression in the rate of cuff tear arthropathy. Thus, the long-term clinical efficacy of latissimus dorsi tendon transfer in patients with irreparable SSC was confirmed as a joint-preserving procedure for these patients, suggesting it as an effective alternative to RSA in young, active patients without degenerative changes of the glenohumeral joint.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):957–963.
Understanding the mechanism of injury and fracture pattern of paediatric triplane ankle fractures versus adult trimalleolar fractures
Authors: Prijs Jasper , Rawat Jaideep , ten Duis Kaj , Assink Nick , Harbers Jorrit S. , Doornberg Job N. , Jadav Bhavin , Jaarsma Ruurd L. , IJpma Frank F. A. 
Published: September 2024

AimsPaediatric triplane fractures and adult trimalleolar ankle fractures both arise from a supination external rotation injury. By relating the experience of adult to paediatric fractures, clarification has been sought on the sequence of injury, ligament involvement, and fracture pattern of triplane fractures. This study explores the similarities between triplane and trimalleolar fractures for each stage of the Lauge-Hansen classification, with the aim of aiding reduction and fixation techniques.MethodsImaging data of 83 paediatric patients with triplane fractures and 100 adult patients with trimalleolar fractures were collected, and their fracture morphology was compared using fracture maps. Visual fracture maps were assessed, classified, and compared with each other, to establish the progression of injury according to the Lauge-Hansen classification.ResultsFour stages of injury in triplane fractures, resembling the adult supination external rotation Lauge-Hansen stages, were observed. Stage I consists of rupture of the anterior syndesmosis or small avulsion of the anterolateral tibia in trimalleolar fractures, and the avulsion of a larger Tillaux fragment in triplanes. Stage II is defined as oblique fracturing of the fibula at the level of the syndesmosis, present in all trimalleolar fractures and in 30% (25/83) of triplane fractures. Stage III is the fracturing of the posterior malleolus. In trimalleolar fractures, the different Haraguchi types can be discerned. In triplane fractures, the delineation of the posterior fragment has a wave-like shape, which is part of the characteristic Y-pattern of triplane fractures, originating from the Tillaux fragment. Stage IV represents a fracture of the medial malleolus, which is highly variable in both the trimalleolar and triplane fractures.ConclusionThe paediatric triplane and adult trimalleolar fractures share common features according to the Lauge-Hansen classification. This highlights that the adolescent injury arises from a combination of ligament traction and a growth plate in the process of closing. With this knowledge, a specific sequence of reduction and optimal screw positions are recommended.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(9):1008–1014.
MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI TENGAH KRISIS POLITIK: RESISTENSI MASYARAKAT NAGARI DILAM PASCA PERANG PRRI (1958-1965)
Authors: Afdayeni Melia 
Published: September 2024

This research was motivated by the PRRI war that took place in Sumatra Batar in 1958- 1961 AD, this war was known as the civil war, because it was the central army or APRI who fought against the PRRI soldiers who came from West Sumatra. This war involved all the people in Minangkabau, without exception the people living in the Dilam village. This war caused a very severe impact on the lives of the people of Nagari Dilam, apart from material losses, the community also suffered psychological losses. After realizing that PRRI was repulsed by APRI, they left the nagari and hid in the forests of West Sumatra. The people of Nagari Dilam really feel how tense it is to live in a nagari that is continuously monitored by the OPR (Operation for the People's Security), to deal with this situation, the community has put up resistance (resistance) by returning to the mosque and surau. For this reason, this paper aims to explore the forms of resistance carried out by the community and explore the reasons for the Dilam village community to testify. To answer the existing problems, it takes stages of resistance research commonly used in historical research including: heuristics (Source Collection), source criticism, interpretation and the last is historiography (Writing). This research results that the form of resistance carried out by the Dilam nagari community is to return to the mosque and surau to study and explore Islam, which they have long adhered to, while the reason the Dilam nagari community carries out this resistance is: First, the community is afraid of OPR which often exerted pressure and intimidation against them. Both communities were afraid of the frequent killings carried out by the OPR against PRRI soldiers, and vice versa. The three inter-community killings became commonplace because there was no punishment for those who committed the killings.
Eyespots: Supernatural or supernormal? A case study from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Grant Rachel A. , Montrose V. Tamara 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEyespots are found across many taxa, usually for predator intimidation. In human artefacts, eye designs have been presumed to have an apotropaic function (warding off supernatural evil and envy) rather than an evolutionary function related to protection from agonistic interactions. We hypothesised that, instead, eyespot designs may have been used in human cultures for intimidation of opponents (deimatic display). We examined 1,070 objects from Papua New Guinea, where eyespots are frequently displayed on various objects. We predicted that objects used for guarding or protection would be more likely to have eyespots than domestic objects. Chi-square tests of independence showed that significantly more canoe prows and shields and fewer domestic objects had eyespots than expected. Furthermore, we surveyed 81 respondents, showing objects with and without eyespot patterns. Chi-square tests showed that objects with eyespots elicited significantly more fear and anxiety related emotions, and non-eyespot designs elicited more calm and relaxed emotions than expected. Thus, objects with eyespots were considered more intimidating than those displaying geometric, or plain designs. This research provides empirical evidence for the use of eyespot designs for deimatic display in humans and possible convergent evolution of eyespots due to gene – culture coevolution.
Interlayer and Moiré excitons in atomically thin double layers: From individual quantum emitters to degenerate ensembles
Authors: Brotons-Gisbert Mauro , Gerardot Brian D. , Holleitner Alexander W. , Wurstbauer Ursula 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Interlayer excitons (IXs), composed of electron and hole states localized in different layers, excel in bilayers composed of atomically thin van der Waals materials such as semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) due to drastically enlarged exciton binding energies, exciting spin–valley properties, elongated lifetimes, and large permanent dipoles. The latter allows modification by electric fields and the study of thermalized bosonic quasiparticles, from the single particle level to interacting degenerate dense ensembles. Additionally, the freedom to combine bilayers of different van der Waals materials without lattice or relative twist-angle constraints leads to layer-hybridized and Moiré excitons, which can be widely engineered. This article covers fundamental aspects of IXs, including correlation phenomena as well as the consequence of Moiré superlattices with a strong focus on TMD homo- and heterobilayers.

Graphical abstract
Impacts of flooding on rural communities in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Sumana 
Published: September 2024

Flooding is a regular phenomenon in many countries, including Bangladesh, causing severe damage to communities. Despite widespread impacts, most studies focus on a single community. This study examines the impacts of flooding on three key rural Bangladeshi communities: agriculture farmers, fish farmers, and fishermen. Data were collected from three flood-prone areas: Roumari Upazila (Kurigram district), Chauhali Upazila (Sirajganj district), and Char Bhadrasan Upazila (Faridpur district). The mean age of respondents varied across groups (LMM: F = 21.2, p < 0.001), but not across study sites. The mean education level was 6.9 ± 4.9 years, with fish farmers having the highest schooling at 7.4 years. Monthly income varied across groups (LMM: F = 174.3, p < 0.05). Most respondents (84.7%) received financial loans from non-government sources. Flooding negatively affected agricultural and fish farmers, who lost their crops. However, fishermen experienced a positive effect, with increased fishing days and duration, leading to higher fish harvests during floods (LMM: all p < 0.05). The study also highlights respondents’ expectations to minimize flood impacts. The findings of this study are crucial for understanding the variation in flood impacts on key communities in rural Bangladesh and can inform effective flood management planning.
A Critical Review on Static and Dynamic Performance of Coal Mine Overburden Dump Slopes: Present Status and Way Forward
Authors: Mohanty Madhumita , Sarkar Rajib , Das Sarat Kumar 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
In the last two decades, opencast coal mining has dominated the coal mining sector of India in comparison to the underground mining. This has caused an increase in large quantity of overburden (OB) waste material which is generally dumped in the form of slope commonly known as OB dump slope. The highly heterogeneous OB dump materials are generally dumped in the loose state implying that the OB dump slopes are highly vulnerable to failure. Therefore, proper functioning of the mining activities requires stable OB dump slopes. This paper briefly provides an overview on the formation of OB dump slopes and some catastrophic failures highlighting the importance of proper and adequate analyses. Next, the major factors affecting the OB dump stability are discussed elaborately with respect to the performance of the slopes under static and dynamic loading. Finally, various approaches available for the assessment of their stability are collated and discussed. The important aspect of consideration of heterogeneity on the performance of slope is highlighted and the need of detailed future research is envisaged.
Provenance, Intensity of Weathering, and Economic Potential of Placer-bearing Sediments on the Shelf off Quilon, Southwestern Coast, India
Authors: Varghese Saju , C. Remya , Joseph Smitha , P.R. Rajaneesh Narayan , Mukhopadhayay Basab 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this study, the mineralogy and geochemistry of sediments of the continental shelf off Quilon, southwest coast, India is used as proxies to constrain their provenance, the intensity of weathering at source, and economic potential. The weathering index calculations were carried out on the sediments and the results showed that Chemical Alteration Index (CIA) (Average = 72.88), Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW) (Average = 92.72), and Plagioclase Alteration Index (PIA) (Average = 89.74) are high, indicating moderate to intense source area weathering. High source area weathering is also supported by high Th/U ratio (Average = 5.68) which is above the average crustal Th/U ratio of 3.8. The sediments are first-cycle sediments derived from the nearby source area, as evidenced by the identification of unaltered heavy minerals and rock-forming minerals, along with a high Average Composition Variability Index (ICV) (Average = 1.20). The high K2O/Na2O ratios (Average = 3.88), and LREE/HREE ratios (Average = 20), plotting of samples in the felsic field of various binary plots (SiO2 vs. Al2O3/TiO2, Zr vs. TiO2, Ce vs. La/Yb and La/Th vs. Hf binary plots) and normalized REE patterns with LREE enrichment and negative Eu anomaly indicate the sediments were primarily derived from Khondalites of the Trivandrum block and were transported by the Kallada and Ithikkara rivers. Average Σ REE, Th, and U concentrations are 222 ppm, 15.2 ppm, and 2.58 ppm respectively in the bulk sediments. The heavy mineral separates showed significantly increased concentrations of Σ REE (Average = 3009 ppm), Th (Average = 478 ppm), and U (Average = 30 ppm) due to the presence of monazite. Due to high Σ REE, Th, and U concentrations in the sediments due to monazite, present study recommend for further exploration of these sediments, which could contribute significantly to the resource base of the nation.
New Uranium-lead (U-Pb) Zircon Geochronology of Sholayar Alkaline Syenite Complex, Kerala: Significance of Cryogenian Magmatism from the Southern Granulite Terrane of the Indian Shield
Authors: Chowdhury Moumita , Ray Jyotisankar , Tomson J.K. , Sarkar Debaleena , Patel Suresh C. , Kumar Rajeev , Mukherjee Pratik , Sahoo Soumili , Koeberl Christian 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
U-Pb age data from the leuco-syenite from the Sholayar Alkaline Syenite Complex (SASC) (10°17′59.9″N: 076°47′26.3″E) is presented in this study. The present sample contains alkali feldspar (orthoclase), oligoclasic plagioclase, diopsidic pyroxene, biotite and opaque minerals (magnetite and ilmenite). The modal data of constituent minerals is plotted over the IUGS classification diagram and the data plots fall within the syenite field. Obtained age (mean age 706.7 ± 8.4 Ma) largely corresponds to the Cryogenian period. In chondrite-normalized diagrams, the syenite shows some affinity towards well-studied silica over-saturated syenites of the Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT). The Ti-in zircon thermometry indicates the crystallization temperature in the range of 613° to 755°C. The reported zircon U-Pb age suggests evidence for Cryogenian alkaline magmatism in the SGT associated either with asthenospheric upwelling in an extensional setting or subduction related continental rifting.
Computational Modelling of 2004 Off West Coast of Sumatra Earthquake-Tsunami Wave Propagation Using Two-Dimensional Cellular Automata in the Eastern Indian Coast
Authors: Mohamed E. Syed , Regina M. Yasmin , Syed S. Syed Abdul 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The ability to detect destructive tsunamis and spare lives from serious harm has made the computation of tsunami wave dynamics increasingly important. The tremendous loss of life and property brought on by the 26th of December, 2004 tsunami has raised the demand for accurate and timely propagation of tsunami wave simulations. These days, a variety of early warning technologies and models are utilized to predict tsunami waves. The propagation phase of a tsunami wave is simulated using two-dimensional cellular automata of rectangular lattices in eight directions from this research. Modelling of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004 to simulate the propagation of tsunami waves to strike the northern coasts of India. The earliest tsunami arrival time, travel time, and wave spread rate are determined from this study, and the results are verified using historical data.
Improvement of Fluidity and Long-term Strength of Cemented Paste Backfill with Low Calcium Fly-ash
Authors: Huang Mingqing , Zheng Qiwei , Liu Qingling , Gao Zhong 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Waste rocks and tailings are widely applied materials in underground metal mines to backfill mined-out areas. To test the effect of low calcium fly ash on slurry fluidity and long-term strength of cemented paste backfill, orthogonal experiments of backfill proportions with variable levels of waste, tailing, fly ash, water and their combinations were carried out. Results show that slurry slump is most sensitive to mass concentration, and slurry fluidity is optimal when fly ash-cement ration is 1:1. The longterm strength of cemented paste backfill after curing for 56 days is significantly affected by cement-(tailing + waste) ratio, and slightly evolves regardless of fly ash-cement ratio. Fly ash promotes the generation of active silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, which fills the pores within the backfill. The optimal proportion of cemented paste backfill is 77% mass concentration, 8:2 tailing–waste ratio, 1:30 cement-(tailing + waste) ratio and 1:1 fly ash–cement ratio. The correlative slurry slump and long-term backfill strength meet the requirement of pumping and backfill mining. Additionally, an industrial scale loop pumping test of backfill slurry shows the pipeline transportation resistance is 4 kPa/m, pipeline diameter is optimal at 150 mm, and flow rate is optimal at 90–100 m3/h. The experiment confirms that proper addition of low calcium fly ash is conducive to improve the slurry fluidity and long-term strength of cemented paste backfill.
Neoproterozoic Ridge Subduction Beneath South China Craton: TTG Suites of Kangding Complex in Western Yangtze Block and its Geochemistry Characteristics
Authors: Mabi Awei , Zhang Mingchun , Li Yanlong , Yu Niuben , Xu Xiaochuan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
A multidisciplinary study involving field investigation, petrographic, geochronology, and whole-rock geochemical data is presented for TTG suites in the western Yangtze Block. In this paper, we compiled element geochemistry data that we obtained from our previous works for China Geological Survey Projects and presented the zircon U-Pb age and the whole-rock elemental compositions of the Na-rich TTG rocks to provide constraints on the origin of the Neoproterozoic magmatism in the western Yangtze Block. The studied rocks show a calc-alkaline trend. They are comparable in whole-rock chemistry to Archean TTG suites from Finland, Labrador, India, Zimbabwe, Brazil, and Ontario, as well as the modern calc-alkaline magmas such as volcanic rocks in the Kastamonu area of Northern Turkey and the Cenozoic andesitedacite-rhyolite suites from the North American Cordillera. Zircon U-Pb age shows the crystallization age of the plagioclase gneiss from Kangding Complex is 772.4 ± 6.9 Ma. The granodiorites are more enriched in LREEs but depleted in HREEs, showed strong negative Eu anomalies, and are characterized by fractionated LREE, flat HREE, and depletion of high-field-strength trace elements (HFSE) relative to normal mid-ocean basalts (N-MORB). However, most trondhjemites, all tonalites, and all quartz diorites have no Eu anomalies. Trace element distribution patterns for all samples show typical island arc signatures with relative enrichment in LILE and depletion in HFSE like Nb and Ta. We assume that the TTG suites were derived from melting of metabasalt in a subducted slab heated by a slab window, which provides further support for a Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic ridge subduction along the western margin of Yangtze Block.
ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ ЗНОШУВАННЯ ДЕТОНАЦІЙНИХ ПОКРИТТІВ НА ТИТАНОВОМУ СПЛАВІ ВТ-22
Authors: Кіндрачук Мирослав , Стебелецька Наталія , Харченко  Володимир , Гловин  Михайло , Костецький Іван 
Published: September 2024

У роботі подано результати експерементальних досліджень процесу зносу детонаційних покриттів та контртіла й порівняно їх з іншими видами покриттів, отримано характеристики зносу. Описано характеристики зносу покриттів в аналітичній формі, а також результати дослідження трибологічних структур. Триботехнічні характеристики детонаційних покриттів визначено, враховуючи властивості диссипативних структур, що самоутворюються у контакті при терті. Визначено ефективність методу дослідження процесу зносу детонаційних покриттів. Встановлено, що при терті покриттів по хрому сумарний знос пари тертя істотно менший, ніж при терті по бронзі. Це відбувається за рахунок найкращих триботехнічних властивостей хрому в галузі експерименту. Коефіцієнт тертя покриттів електрохімічним хромом має той же порядок, що і при терті по бронзі. Сумарна інтенсивність зносу покриття і контртіла при терті по хрому дещо нижча, ніж при терті по бронзі. Так як при терті покриттів по хромованому сплаву ВТ-22 трибологічні структури утворюються зі складних оксидів, асфальтенів, коксів та ін., тому триботехнічні характеристики таких систем дещо нижчі, ніж у системах, що включають бронзу.
АНАЛІЗ СИГНАЛІВ АКУСТИЧНОЇ ЕМІСІЇ ТРИБОСИСТЕМИ В УМОВАХ СТУПЕНЕВОГО ПІДВИЩЕННЯ НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ
Authors: Токарук  Віталій , Мнацаканов  Рудольф , Мікосянчик  Оксана , Хімко  Андрій , Гречуха  Анастасія 
Published: September 2024

Проведена оцінка працездатності електроіскрових покриттів в умовах ступеневого підвищення навантаження на основі аналізу сигналів акустичної емісії (АЕ). Мета досліджень полягала в визначенні змін в фрикційному контакті при переході трибосистеми від нормальної до катастрофічної стадії зношування. Дослідження проводились для трибосистеми сталь 30ХГСА – немодифікований або модифікований сплав дюралюмінію Д16. Модифікування проводилось нанесенням комбінованого дискретного покриття твердого сплаву ВК8 і міді щільністю 55 – 65% методом електроіскрового легування. Модифікування дюралюмінію Д16 забезпечує ефективну роботу пар тертя до 1200 Н, значення усередненої потужності сигналів АЕ та величин їх розкиду зменшуються в 2…4 рази. Встановлено зниження інтенсивності зношування трибосистем з комбінованим електроіскровим покриттям на 80%, в 2 рази зменшується глибина розповсюдження пластичних деформацій. Одержані емпіричні залежності інтенсивності зношування від навантажувальних параметрів та сигналів АЕ.
ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ НЕСУЧОЇ СПРОМОЖНОСТІ АВІАЦІЙНИХ ВУГЛЕПЛАСТИКІВ ІЗ ВРАХУВАННЯМ ЕКСПЛУАТАЦІЙНИХ ЧИННИКІВ
Authors: Семак Інна , Борозенець  Григорій 
Published: September 2024

Розглянуто зміни несучої спроможності авіаційних вуглепластиків типу КМУ-3 в процесі статичного та динамічного навантажень. Встановлено задовільний кореляційний зв'язок між деформацією та питомою електропровідністю вуглепластиків в процесі статичного та циклічного навантажень. Показано, що інтенсивність накопичення питомої електропровідності зумовлена видом навантаження, рівнем циклічного напруження та конструктивно-технологічними особливостями матеріалу.