bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better survival with lobectomy versus sublobar resection in patients with hypermetabolic c-stage IA lung cancer on positron emission tomography/computed tomography
Authors: Shiono Satoshi , Endo Makoto , Watanabe Hikaru , Takamori Satoshi , Suzuki Jun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The clinical trial showed that sublobar resection was not inferior to lobectomy in terms of disease-free survival in patients with peripherally located non-small-cell lung cancer ≤2 cm. However, it is not clear whether sublobar resection is indicated for all types of c-stage IA lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether sublobar resection is indicated for c-stage IA hypermetabolic lung cancer.

METHODS
Patients with c-stage IA lung cancer who underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography and lobectomy or sublobar resection were assessed. Of these, patients who had a maximum standardized uptake value ≥3.0 on positron emission tomography/computed tomography were evaluated. We compared survival rates after lobectomy versus sublobar resection. Propensity score matching was performed to balance patient characteristics between groups.

RESULTS
Between April 2004 and March 2023, 723 patients underwent lobectomy or sublobar resection and had a maximum standardized uptake value ≥3.0 on positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Lobectomy and sublobar resection were performed in 532 (73.6%) and 191 (26.4%) patients, respectively. Both the 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were worse after sublobar resection compared with lobectomy (62.3% vs 79.9% and 53.9% vs 70.3%, respectively). After propensity score matching, the 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates remained worse after sublobar resection compared with lobectomy (60.7% vs 75.2% and 51.6% vs 67.7%, respectively).

CONCLUSIONS
Patients with c-stage IA hypermetabolic lung cancer with standardized uptake value ≥3.0 on positron emission tomography/computed tomography had a worse prognosis after sublobar resection than after lobectomy.
A Chromosome-Scale and Annotated Reference Genome Assembly of Plecia longiforceps Duda, 1934 (Diptera: Bibionidae)
Authors: Choi Jonghwan , Kang Taemin , Park Sun-Jae , Shin Seunggwan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Urbanization is a leading factor effecting global biodiversity, driving rapid evolutionary processes in the local biota. Species that adapt and proliferate in city environments can become pests, with human activities facilitating their dispersal and excessive outbreaks. Here we present the first genome data of Plecia longiforceps, a lovebug pest in Eastern Asia with intensive aggregations recently occurring in the Seoul Metropolitan Area of Korea. PacBio HiFi and ONT Pore-C sequencing data were used to construct a highly continuous assembly with a total size of 707 Mb and 8 major pseudochromosomes, its integrity supported by the N50 length of 98.1 Mb and 96.8% BUSCO completeness. Structural and functional annotation using transcriptome data and ab initio predictions revealed a high proportion (69.3%) of repeat sequences, and synteny analysis with Bibio marci showed high levels of genomic collinearity. The genome will serve as an essential resource for both population genomics and molecular research on lovebug dispersal and outbreaks, and also implement studies on the eco-evolutionary processes of insects in urbanizing habitats.
Changes in the Lipidome Are Associated With Immune Activation and Subclinical Vascular Disease in Youth With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Uganda
Authors: Dirajlal-Fargo Sahera , Nikahd Melica , Ailstock Kate , Manubolu Manjunath , Musiime Victor , Kityo Cissy , McComsey Grace A , Funderburg Nicholas T 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
This study examined the changes in the lipidome and associations with immune activation and cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers in youth with perinatally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (YPHIV).

Methods
The serum lipidome was measured in antiretroviral therapy (ART)–treated YPHIV (n = 100) and human immunodeficiency virus–uninfected children (n = 98) in Uganda. Plasma markers of systemic inflammation, monocyte activation, gut integrity, and T-cell activation, as well as common carotid artery intima media thickness and pulse wave velocity (PWV), were evaluated at baseline and 96 weeks.

Results
Overall, median age was 12 years, and 52% were females. Total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein were similar between the groups; however, the concentrations of ceramides, diacylglycerols, free fatty acids, lysophosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylcholines were higher in YPHIV (P ≤ .03). Increases in phosphatidylethanolamine (16:0 and 18:0) correlated with increases in soluble CD163, oxidized LDL, C-reactive protein, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and PWV in YPHIV (r ≥ 0.3).

Conclusions
YPHIV successfully suppressed on ART have elevated lipid species that are associated with CVD, specifically palmitic acid (C16:0) and stearic acid (C18:0).
Amplicon sequencing with internal standards yields accurate picocyanobacteria cell abundances as validated with flow cytometry
Authors: Jones-Kellett Alexandra E , McNichol Jesse C , Raut Yubin , Cain Kelsy R , Ribalet François , Armbrust E Virginia , Follows Michael J , Fuhrman Jed A 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To understand ecosystem state and function, marine microbial ecologists seek measurements of organismal abundance and diversity at high taxonomic resolution. Conventional flow cytometry accurately estimates microbial cell abundance but only discerns broad groups with distinct optical properties. While amplicon sequencing resolves more comprehensive diversity within microbiomes, it typically only provides relative organismal abundances within samples, not absolute abundance changes. Internal genomic standards offer a solution for absolute amplicon-based measures. Here, we spiked genomic standards into plankton samples from surface seawater, gathered at 46-km intervals along a cruise transect spanning the southern California Current System and the oligotrophic North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. This enabled evaluation of the absolute volumetric gene copy abundances of 16S rRNA amplicon sequence variants (amplified with 515Y-926R universal primers, quantitatively validated with mock communities) and cell abundances of picocyanobacteria with known genomic 16S copy numbers. Comparison of amplicon-derived cell abundances of Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus with flow cytometry data from nearby locations yielded nearly identical results (slope = 1.01; Pearson’s r = 0.9942). Our findings show that this amplicon sequencing protocol combined with genomic internal standards accurately measures absolute cell counts of marine picocyanobacteria in complex field samples. By extension, we expect this approach to reasonably estimate volumetric gene copies for other amplified taxa in these samples.
Impacts of increasing levels of salt on intake, digestion, and rumen fermentation with beef cattle consuming low-quality forages
Authors: White Hayley C , Davis Noah G , Van Emon Megan L , DelCurto-Wyffels Hannah M , Wyffels Samuel A , DelCurto Timothy 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The objectives of this study were to evaluate the levels of supplemental salt on low-quality forage intake, water intake, dry matter (DM) digestibility, and rumen fermentation. Six ruminally cannulated, Angus crossbred heifers (14 mo of age; 449 kg ± 24 kg body weight [BW]) were used in a dual 3 × 3 Latin square design. The heifers were housed in individual stalls with 2 animals assigned to each treatment per period. Salt treatments were mixed into a protein supplement of 50% cracked corn and 50% soybean meal and fed at 0.3% of shrunk BW. Salt treatments consisted of 1) control, no salt (CON), 2) 0.05% of BW salt (LOW), and 3) 0.1% of BW salt (HIGH). Chopped, low-quality (CP = 7.4%; NDF = 64.2%), grass hay was used as the base ration and was provided daily at 120% of the average daily intake of the previous 3 d. Each period included a 14-d diet adaptation, 6 d of sample collection, 1 d collection of rumen fluid samples for ruminal and microbial profiles. Individual forage dry matter intake, water intake, and DM digestibility were measured during the 6-d collection period. Rumen pH, ammonia levels, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations were measured during the 1-d ruminal profile. Rumen DM and liquid fill were determined with a 5-h post-feeding rumen evacuation. Supplemental salt had no influence on forage intake (P = 0.19) expressed on a kg/d basis yet tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.06) with increasing levels of salt when expressed on a grams/kg BW basis. DM digestibility was not influenced by salt levels (P &gt; 0.05), but DM fill tended to increase linearly with increasing salt levels (P = 0.06). Water intake and liquid fill, however, increased linearly with increasing levels of salt (P &lt; 0.01) with an 18.9% increase in water intake and 17.0% increase in liquid fill compared to control animals. Ruminal pH and ammonia levels both decreased linearly with increasing salt (P &lt; 0.01). Acetate concentration and acetate: propionate ratio increased linearly with increasing levels of salt (P &lt; 0.01). In contrast, isobutyrate and butyrate concentrations decreased linearly with increasing levels of salt (P &lt; 0.01). Our research suggests that increasing levels of salt tends to influence dry matter intake, DM fill, liquid kinetics, and rumen fermentation characteristics. Results from this research provide additional information on how salt-limited supplements may impact beef cattle consuming low-quality forage diets.
Effects of supplementation of live and heat-treated Bifidobacterium animalis subspecies lactis CECT 8145 on glycemic and insulinemic response, fecal microbiota, systemic biomarkers of inflammation, and white blood cell gene expression of adult dogs
Authors: Kayser Emanuela , He Fei , Nixon Sophie , Howard-Varona Adrian , Lamelas Araceli , Martinez-Blanch Juan , Chenoll Empar , Davenport Gary M , de Godoy Maria R C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The popularity of functional ingredients such as probiotics and postbiotics has increased as pet owners seek ways to improve the health quality and longevity of their pets. Limited research has been conducted regarding the use of probiotics and postbiotics and their effects on canine health. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of daily supplementation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis CECT 8145, in both live probiotic (PRO) and heat-treated postbiotic (POST) forms, on fecal fermentative end-products and microbiome, insulin sensitivity, serum gut hormones, oxidative stress, inflammatory biomarkers, and white blood cell gene expression of adult dogs. Eighteen adult beagles and 18 adult English pointers were used in a double-blinded placebo-controlled parallel group design, with 12 animals per group (6 English pointers and 6 beagles). The study began with a 60 d adaptation period followed by a 90 d period of daily supplementation with either PRO, POST, or placebo (maltodextrin; CON). Longitudinal assessment of body weight, body condition score, and pelvic circumference did not differ among dietary supplements (P &gt; 0.05). Throughout the experimental period, fecal scores did not differ (P &gt; 0.05); however, fecal pH was lower (P = 0.0049) in the dogs fed POST compared with CON. A higher fecal concentration of propionate (P = 0.043) was observed in dogs fed PRO and POST when compared with CON. While PRO and POST supplementation were associated with changes in bacterial composition at the family and genus level, the overall richness and diversity of the microbiome were not significantly affected. Functional analysis of the metagenome also suggests that PRO and POST supplementation induced potentially beneficial changes in the abundance of pathways involved in pathogenicity, amino acid biosynthesis, and DNA repair. No differences in glycemic or insulinemic responses were observed among the groups (P &gt; 0.05). Dogs supplemented with PRO had a higher (P &lt; 0.05) mean white blood cell leptin relative fold gene expression compared with groups POST and CON. Serum metabolites and complete blood cell counts were within normal ranges and all dogs remained healthy throughout the study. Together, these data suggest that the PRO and POST can safely be supplemented for dogs. Moreover, the results of this study support further investigation of the role of PRO and POST in supporting parameters related to gut health and hormonal regulation.
Burn Injury Severity in Adults: Proposed Definitions Based on the National Burn Research Dataset
Authors: Heard Jason , Ren Yuni , Taylor Sandra L , Sen Soman , Palmieri Tina , Romanowski Kathleen , Greenhalgh David 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Previous iterations of burn severity (mild, moderate, and severe) were not data-driven and were outdated. Clustering analyses have gained popularity for identifying homogenous subgroups from heterogeneous medical conditions, such as asthma, sepsis, and lung disease. There is no consensus in burn literature regarding what constitutes massive burns. The current classification includes a 20% total body surface area (TBSA) burn and a 95% TBSA burn as severe. Latent class and hierarchical clustering analyses were applied to the American Burn Association National Burn Research Dataset. Cluster variables included length of stay, length of stay, intensive care unit length of, number and type of procedures, and number and type of complications. Nonclustering variables were evaluated after clustering, including burned TBSA, inhalation injury, mortality, discharge disposition, age, sex, and race. Latent class analysis suggested 3 clusters. Hierarchical clustering analysis was applied to the most severe latent class, creating 4 total burn severity groups. In total, 112 297 patients were included in the final analysis. The mean TBSA burned for each class is 4.26 ± 4.91 for minor, 8.07 ± 8.39 for moderate, 22.76 ± 17.31 for severe and 36.72 ± 21.61 for massive. The age and sex proportions were similar among all clusters. The clustering variables steadily increased for each severity cluster. Mortality was the highest in the massive cluster (18.2%). Data-informed categories of burn severity were formed using clustering analyses, which will be helpful for triage, data benchmarking, and class-specific research.
Supplemental Automated Breast US Screening in Patients With Dense Breasts: 5-Year Experience From an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Paul Shirlene , McPeek Chelsea , Lieberenz Jordan , Alvarado Rosalinda , Gupta Dipti , Levy Mia , Stempel Lisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
To assess features of automated breast US (ABUS) use in women with dense breasts. The number of additional cancers found by ABUS not detected by mammography was also determined.

Methods
This study was approved by the IRB and is HIPAA compliant. Automated breast US use was defined as completing at least 1 ABUS examination during the study. Data from 51 086 women who presented for a mammogram from October 1, 2017, to September 30, 2022, were extracted from the electronic health record. Descriptive statistics of ABUS use were performed to assess the significance of difference between age and race categories. Pairwise analysis with Bonferroni correction was performed to assess differences between each race and the White category.

Results
Automated breast US was used for 9865/24 637 (40%) patients with dense breasts. Patients with ABUS use were older than those without. Among women with dense breasts, White patients (4943/10 667 [46%]) were more likely to use ABUS than Black/African American (2604/6843 [38%]), Hispanic/Latino (1466/4278 [34%]), Asian (521/1590 [33%]), and other (331/1249 [26%]) patients (P &lt;.05). Approximately 3025/9865 (31%) of patients using ABUS had their first ABUS within 90 days of their mammogram. By the third annual mammogram, 2684/3160 (85%) of patients who used ABUS had their ABUS and mammogram scheduled on the same day. For every 1000 ABUS exams, 2.4 additional cancers were found and were primarily early-stage tumors.

Conclusion
Among women with dense breasts, 9865/24 637 (40%) used ABUS, and they were more likely to be older and White.
Inactivation of spermine synthase in mice causes osteopenia due to reduced osteoblast activity
Authors: Yorgan Timur A , Zhu Yihao , Wiedemann Philip , Schöneck Kenneth , Pohl Sandra , Schweizer Michaela , Amling Michael , Barvencik Florian , Oheim Ralf , Schinke Thorsten 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Spermine synthase, encoded by the SMS gene, is involved in polyamine metabolism, as it is required for the synthesis of spermine from its precursor molecule spermidine. Pathogenic variants of SMS are known to cause Snyder–Robinson syndrome (SRS), an X-linked recessive disorder causing various symptoms, including intellectual disability, muscular hypotonia, infertility, but also skeletal abnormalities, such as facial dysmorphisms and osteoporosis. Since the impact of a murine SMS deficiency has so far only been analyzed in Gy mice, where a large genomic deletion also includes the neighboring Phex gene, there is only limited knowledge about the potential role of SMS in bone cell regulation. In the present manuscript, we describe 2 patients carrying distinct SMS variants, both diagnosed with osteoporosis. Whereas the first patient displayed all characteristic hallmarks of SRS, the second patient was initially diagnosed, based on laboratory findings, as a case of adult-onset hypophosphatasia. To study the impact of SMS inactivation on bone remodeling, we took advantage of a newly developed mouse model carrying a pathogenic SMS variant (p.G56S). Compared to their wildtype littermates, 12-wk-old male SMSG56S/0 mice displayed reduced trabecular bone mass and cortical thickness, as assessed by μCT analysis of the femur. This phenotype was histologically confirmed by the analysis of spine and tibia sections, where we also observed a moderate enrichment of non-mineralized osteoid in SMSG56S/0 mice. Cellular and dynamic histomorphometry further identified a reduced bone formation rate as a main cause of the low bone mass phenotype. Likewise, primary bone marrow cells from SMSG56S/0 mice displayed reduced capacity to form a mineralized matrix ex vivo, thereby suggesting a cell-autonomous mechanism. Taken together, our data identify SMS as an enzyme with physiological relevance for osteoblast activity, thereby demonstrating an important role of polyamine metabolism in the control of bone remodeling.
Topic territoriality and the cost of civility: examining the impact of IP address disclosure on Weibo
Authors: Yu Chao , Margolin Drew 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article introduces the concept of “topic territoriality,” a mechanism that governs participation in conversational spaces. When a discussion becomes prone to territorialization, individuals are more likely to claim topics (participating in discussions about topics they own as “stakeholders”) and defer (reducing participation in topics owned by others). They are also more likely to patrol topic boundaries (monitoring who is participating and confronting topic “intruders”). We document the operation of topic territoriality by analyzing 112,278 conversational turns on Weibo before and after a policy that reveals users’ broad geographic locations. We find that revealing these locations increased territorial behaviors, leading to more homogenous participation in conversations. Although the display of locations has improved the overall civility in language, the confrontations between stakeholders and intruders became more toxic. Our research emphasizes the impact of topic territoriality in online conversations and sheds light on the unintended consequences of social media policies.
The new EU–US data protection framework’s implications for healthcare
Authors: Tschider Charlotte , Compagnucci Marcelo Corrales , Minssen Timo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In July 2023, the United States and the European Union introduced the Data Privacy Framework (DPF), introducing the third generation of cross-border data transfer agreements constituting adequacy with respect to personal data transfers under the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) between the European Union (EU) and the US. This framework may be used in cross-border healthcare and research relationships, which are highly desirable and increasingly essential to innovative health technology development and health services deployment. A reliable model meeting EU adequacy requirements could enhance the transfer of patient and research participant data. While the DPF might present a familiar terrain for US organizations, it also brings unique challenges. A notable concern is the ability of individual EU Member States to establish individual and additional requirements for health data that are more restrictive than GDPR requirements, which are not anticipated by the DPF. This article highlights the DPF’s potential impact on the healthcare and research sectors, finding that the DPF may not provide the degree of lawful health data transfer desirable for healthcare entities. We examine the DPF against a background of existing Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act obligations and other GDPR transfer tools to offer alternatives that can improve the likelihood of reliable, lawful health data transfer between the US and EU.
DNA double-strand break repair capacity and normal tissue toxicity induced by radiotherapy
Authors: Nishibuchi Ikuno , Tashiro Satoshi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Radiation therapy is used in the treatment of various cancers, and advancements in irradiation techniques have further expanded its applicability. For radiation oncologists, predicting adverse events remains a critical challenge, even with these technological advancements. Although numerous studies have been conducted to predict individual radiosensitivity, no biomarkers have been clinically applied thus far. This review focuses on γ-H2AX foci and chromosomal aberrations, providing an overview of their association with normal tissue toxicities.
A rare case of an EBV-positive inflammatory follicular dendritic cell tumor of the spleen
Authors: Eid Mira Khaldoun , AlQaqaa Ahmed Samer , Mohammed Ibraheem J , Shahait Awni D 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Epstein–Barr virus positive inflammatory pseudotumor follicular dendritic cell sarcoma (EBV+ FDCS) is a rare indolent neoplasm that presents primarily in the spleen and liver. We display a case of EBV+ FDCS in the spleen, its clinic-pathologic properties, and treatment. Our patient was evaluated following an incidental finding of a splenic mass on imaging after a traumatic injury. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging both confirmed a well-circumscribed lesion in the spleen. Consequently, the patient underwent a robotic-assisted diagnostic splenectomy. Histologic examination revealed portions of spleen with partial effacement of tissue architecture by a well-circumscribed nonencapsulated mass displaying atypical, spindled cells—positive for EBER (CISH), EBV LMP1, smooth muscle actin, and clusterin—mixed inflammatory elements, and interspersed small lymphocytes.
Time-specific lipid and gene expression responses to chilling stress in panicoid grass
Authors: Angkawijaya Artik Elisa 
Published: September 2024

This article comments on:
Kenchanmane Raju SK, Zhang Y, Mahboub S, Ngu DW, Qiu Y, Harmon FG, Schnable JC, Roston RL. 2024. Rhythmic lipid and gene expression responses to chilling in panicoid grasses. Journal of Experimental Botany 75, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae247