bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Facilitated Capacity Building in Providing Cleft Lip and Palate Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Authors: Jenny Hillary E. , Massenburg Benjamin B. , Saluja Saurabh , Meara John G. , Shrime Mark G. , Alonso Nivaldo 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Providing surgical repair for congenital anomalies such as cleft lip and palate (CLP) can be challenging in low- and middle-income countries. One nonprofit organization seeks to address this need through a partnership model. This model provides long-term aid on multiple levels: surgeon and healthcare provider education, community outreach, and funding. The authors examined the effectiveness of this partnership model in providing CLP care and increasing cleft care capacity over time. This organization maintains data on each partner and procedure and collected data on hospital and patient characteristics through voluntary partner surveys from 2010 to 2014. Effectiveness of care provision outcomes included number of surgeries/partner hospital and patient demographics. Cleft surgical system strengthening was measured by the complexity of repair, waitlist length, and patient follow-up. From 2001 to 2014, the number of procedures/hospital/year grew from 15 to 109, and frequency of alveolar bone grafts increased from 1% to 3.4%. In addition, 97.9% of partners reported that half to most patients come from rural areas. Waitlists decreased, with 9.2% of partners reporting a waitlist of ≥50 in 2011 versus 2.7% in 2014 (P < 0.001). Patient follow-up also improved: 35% of partners in 2011 estimated a follow-up rate of ≥75%, compared with 51% of partners in 2014 (P < 0.001). The increased number of procedures/hospital/year supports the partnership model's effectiveness in providing CLP care. In addition, data supports cleft surgical system strengthening—more repairs use alveolar bone grafts, waitlists decreased, and follow-up improved. These findings demonstrate that the partnership model may be effective in providing cleft care and increasing cleft surgical capacity.
An Aneurysmal Bone Cyst in the Skull Base
Authors: Kim Sangjun , Jung Dong Won , Pak Min Gyoung , Song Young Jin , Bae Woo Yong 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
An aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is believed to be attributable to intraosseous circulatory disturbance. An ABC is a vascular tumor of the bone caused by bony expansion after partial vascular occlusion and congestion. Most ABCs are found in adolescents (approximately 75% of ABCs are observed in patients under 20 years of age). The most common ABC sites are the long bones of the limbs, the vertebrae, and the cranial bone. Aneurysmal bone cysts in the skull base or ethmoid sinus have been but rarely reported worldwide. The authors report on a patient with a very large ABC in the skull base and the ethmoid sinus; this was successfully managed by a neurosurgeon.
Associations of Plasma Nitrite, l-Arginine and Asymmetric Dimethylarginine With Morbidity and Mortality in Patients With Necrotizing Soft Tissue Infections
Authors: Hansen Marco B. , Rasmussen Lars S. , Garred Peter , Pilely Katrine , Wahl Anna M. , Perner Anders , Madsen Martin B. , Hedegaard Elise R. , Simonsen Ulf , Hyldegaard Ole 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACT

Background:
The nitric oxide system could play an important role in the pathophysiology related to necrotizing soft tissue infection (NSTI). Accordingly, we investigated the association between plasma nitrite level at admission and the presence of septic shock in patients with NSTI. We also evaluated the association between nitrite, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), l-arginine, l-arginine/ADMA ratio, and outcome.

Methods:
We analyzed plasma from 141 NSTI patients taken upon hospital admission. The severity of NSTI was assessed by the presence of septic shock, Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II, Sepsis-Related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score, use of renal replacement therapy (RRT), amputation, and 28-day mortality.

Results:
No difference in nitrite levels was found between patients with and without septic shock (median 0.82 μmol/L [interquartile range (IQR) 0.41–1.21] vs. 0.87 μmol/L (0.62–1.24), P = 0.25). ADMA level was higher in patients in need of RRT (0.64 μmol/L (IQR 0.47–0.90) vs. (0.52 μmol/L (0.34–0.70), P = 0.028), and ADMA levels correlated positively with SAPS II (rho = 0.32, P = 0.0002) and SOFA scores (rho = 0.22, P = 0.01). In a logistic regression analysis, an l-arginine/ADMA ratio below 101.59 was independently associated with 28-day mortality, odds ratio 6.03 (95% confidence interval, 1.41–25.84), P = 0.016. None of the other analyses indicated differences in the NO system based on differences in disease severity.

Conclusions:
In patients with NSTI, we found no difference in baseline nitrite levels according to septic shock. High baseline ADMA level was associated with the use of RRT and patients with a low baseline l-arginine/ADMA ratio were at higher risk of dying within 28 days after hospital admission.
HIV positive patient with GBS-like syndrome
Authors: Shepherd Samantha J. , Black Heather , Thomson Emma C. , Gunson Rory N. 
Published: September 2017

Introduction.Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy which can occur post-infection. Criteria of diagnosis of GBS include areflexia with progressive bilateral weakness in arms and legs. GBS can lead to severe respiratory and cardiac complications. The fatality rate can be up to 5 % in patients, depending on the severity of the symptoms. HIV can cause a range of neurological disorders including, on rare occasions, GBS. GBS can occur at any stage of HIV infection, highlighting the complexity of diagnosis of GBS within HIV patients.Case presentation.A 57 year old female with lumbar back pain radiating to the legs, poor mobility and tiredness, with reports of a viral-like illness four days previously, was initially diagnosed with a lower respiratory tract infection and discharged. Seventeen days later the patient was readmitted to hospital with progressive lower and upper limb weakness, areflexia and sensory loss. She was diagnosed with GBS and was unexpectedly discovered to be HIV-positive. HIV avidity was low indicating a recently acquired HIV infection. The patient was treated with intravenous immunoglobulin for five days for the GBS and commenced antriretrovirals for HIV. The patient was discharge from hospital 53 days after admission with walking aids and regular physiotherapy follow-up.Conclusion.This case highlighted the need for all clinicians to be aware that patients with symptoms of GBS, regardless of clinical history should be offered an HIV test. GBS can be the first sign a patient is HIV-positive.
Cellomics approach for high-throughput functional annotation ofCaenorhabditis elegansneural network
Authors: Aoki Wataru , Matsukura Hidenori , Yamauchi Yuji , Yokoyama Haruki , Hasegawa Koichi , Shinya Ryoji , Ueda Mitsuyoshi 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTEven inCaenorhabditis elegans, which has only 302 neurons, relationships between behaviors and neural networks are not easily elucidated. In this study, we proposed a novel cellomics approach enabling high-throughput and comprehensive exploration of the functions of a single neuron or a subset of neurons in a complex neural network on a particular behavior. To realize this, we combined optogenetics and Brainbow technologies. Using these technologies, we established aC. eleganslibrary where opsin is labeled in a randomized pattern. Behavioral analysis on this library under light illumination enabled high-throughput annotation of neurons affecting target behaviors. We applied this approach to the egg-laying behavior ofC. elegansand succeeded in high-throughput confirmation that hermaphrodite-specific neurons play an important role in the egg-laying behavior. This cellomics approach will lead to the accumulation of neurophysiological and behavioral data of theC. elegansneural network, which is necessary for constructing neuroanatomically grounded models of behavior.
How asbestos drives the tissue towards tumors: YAP activation, macrophage and mesothelial precursor recruitment, RNA editing and somatic mutations
Authors: Rehrauer Hubert , Wu Licun , Blum Walter , Pecze Lazslo , Henzi Thomas , Serre-Beinier Véronique , Aquino Catherine , Vrugt Bart , de Perrot Marc , Schwaller Beat , Felley-Bosco Emanuela 
Published: September 2017

SummaryChronic exposure to intraperitoneal asbestos triggered a marked response in the mesothelium well before tumor development. Macrophages, mesothelial precursor cells, cytokines and growth factors accumulated in the peritoneal lavage. Transcriptome profiling revealed YAP/TAZ activation in inflamed mesothelium with further activation in tumors, paralleled by increased levels of cells with nuclear YAP/TAZ.Arg1was one of the highest upregulated genes in inflamed tissue and tumor. Inflamed tissue showed increased levels of single nucleotide variations, with an RNA-editing signature, which were even higher in the tumor samples. Subcutaneous injection of asbestos-treated, but tumor-free mice with syngeneic mesothelioma tumor cells resulted in a significantly higher incidence of tumor growth when compared to naïve mice supporting the role of the environment in tumor progression.HighlightsAsbestos increases levels of cytokines and growth factors in mesothelium environmentRecruitment of macrophages and mesothelial precursor cells prior to tumor developmentYAP/TAZ signaling upregulated in pre-neoplastic tissues and cancerIncreased RNA-editing and somatic mutations as early steps in tumor development
Unsupervised learning of DNA sequence features using a convolutional restricted Boltzmann machine
Authors: Kopp Wolfgang , Schulte-Sasse Roman 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTranscription factors (TFs) are important contributors to gene regulation. They specifically bind to short DNA stretches known as transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs), which are contained in regulatory regions (e.g. promoters), and thereby influence a target gene’s expression level. Computational biology has contributed substantially to understanding regulatory regions by developing numerous tools, including for discoveringde novomotif. While those tools primarily focus on determining and studying TFBSs, the surrounding sequence context is often given less attention. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap by adopting a so-calledconvolutional restricted Boltzmann machine(cRBM) that captures redundant features from the DNA sequences. The model uses an unsupervised learning approach to derive a rich, yet interpretable, description of the entire sequence context. We evaluated the cRBM on a range of publicly available ChIP-seq peak regions and investigated its capability to summarize heterogeneous sets of regulatory sequences in comparison with MEME-Chip, a popular motif discovery tool. In summary, our method yields a considerably more accurate description of the sequence composition than MEME-Chip, providing both a summary of strong TF motifs as well as subtle low-complexity features.
The statistical nature of geometric reasoning
Authors: Hart Yuval , Dillon Moira R. , Marantan Andrew , Cardenas Anna L. , Spelke Elizabeth , Mahadevan L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractGeometric reasoning has an inherent dissonance: its abstract axioms and propositions refer to infinitesimal points and infinite straight lines while our perception of the physical world deals with fuzzy dots and curved stripes. How we use these disparate mechanisms to make geometric judgments remains unresolved. Here, we deploy a classically used cognitive geometric task - planar triangle completion - to study the statistics of errors in the location of the missing vertex. Our results show that the mean location has an error proportional to the side of the triangle, the standard deviation is sub-linearly dependent on the side length, and has a negative skewness. These scale-dependent responses directly contradict the conclusions of recent cognitive studies that innate Euclidean rules drive our geometric judgments. To explain our observations, we turn to a perceptual basis for geometric reasoning that balances the competing effects of local smoothness and global orientation of extrapolated trajectories. The resulting mathematical framework captures our observations and further predicts the statistics of the missing angle in a second triangle completion task. To go beyond purely perceptual geometric tasks, we carry out a categorical version of triangle completion that asks about the change in the missing angle after a change in triangle shape. The observed responses show a systematic scale-dependent discrepancy at odds with rule-based Euclidean reasoning, but one that is completely consistent with our framework. All together, our findings point to the use of statistical dynamic models of the noisy perceived physical world, rather than on the abstract rules of Euclid in determining how we reason geometrically.
Detection and accurate False Discovery Rate control of differentially methylated regions from Whole Genome Bisulfite Sequencing
Authors: Korthauer Keegan D. , Chakraborty Sutirtha , Benjamini Yuval , Irizarry Rafael A. 
Published: September 2017

SummaryWith recent advances in sequencing technology, it is now feasible to measure DNA methylation at tens of millions of sites across the entire genome. In most applications, biologists are interested in detecting differentially methylated regions, composed of multiple sites with differing methylation levels among populations. However, current computational approaches for detecting such regions do not provide accurate statistical inference. A major challenge in reporting uncertainty is that a genome-wide scan is involved in detecting these regions, which needs to be accounted for. A further challenge is that sample sizes are limited due to the costs associated with the technology. We have developed a new approach that overcomes these challenges and assesses uncertainty for differentially methylated regions in a rigorous manner. Region-level statistics are obtained by fitting a generalized least squares (GLS) regression model with a nested autoregressive correlated error structure for the effect of interest on transformed methylation proportions. We develop an inferential approach, based on a pooled null distribution, that can be implemented even when as few as two samples per population are available. Here we demonstrate the advantages of our method using both experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation. We find that the new method improves the specificity and sensitivity of list of regions and accurately controls the False Discovery Rate (FDR).
A revision of Hofstede’s model of national culture: old evidence and new data from 56 countries
Authors: Minkov Michael 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
Hofstede’s model of national culture has enjoyed enormous popularity but rests partly on faith. It has never been fully replicated and its predictive properties have been challenged. The purpose of this paper is to provide a test of the model’s coherence and utility.

Design/methodology/approach
Analyses of secondary data, including the World Values Survey, and a new survey across 56 countries represented by nearly 53,000 probabilistically selected respondents.

Findings
Improved operationalizations of individualism-collectivism (IDV-COLL) suggest it is a robust dimension of national culture. A modern IDV-COLL index supersedes Hofstede’s 50 year-old original one. Power distance (PD) seems to be a logical facet of IDV-COLL, rather than an independent dimension. Uncertainty avoidance (UA) lacks internal reliability. Approval of restrictive societal rules and laws is a facet of COLL and is not associated with national anxiety or neuroticism. UA is not a predictor of any of its presumed main correlates: importance of job security, preference for a safe job, trust, racism and xenophobia, subjective well-being, innovation, and economic freedom. The dimension of masculinity-femininity (MAS-FEM) lacks coherence. MAS and FEM job goals and broader values are correlated positively, not negatively, and are not related to the MAS-FEM index. MAS-FEM is not a predictor of any of its presumed main correlates: achievement and competition orientation, help and compassion, preference for a workplace with likeable people, work orientation, religiousness, gender egalitarianism, foreign aid. After a radical reconceptualization and a new operationalization, the so-called “fifth dimension” (CWD or long-term orientation) becomes more coherent and useful. The new version, called flexibility-monumentalism (FLX-MON), explains the cultural differences between East Asian Confucian societies at one extreme and Latin America plus Africa at the other, and is the best predictor of national differences in educational achievement.

Research limitations/implications
Differences between subsidiaries of a multinational company, such as IBM around 1970, are not necessarily a good source of knowledge about broad cultural differences. A model of national culture must be validated across a large number of countries from all continents and its predictions should withstand various plausible controls. Much of Hofstede’s model (UA, MAS-FEM) fails this test while the remaining part (IDV-COLL, PD, LTO) needs a serious revision.

Practical implications
Consultancies and business schools still teach Hofstede’s model uncritically. They need to be aware of its deficiencies.

Originality/value
As UA and MAS-FEM are apparently misleading artifacts of Hofstede’s IBM data set, a thorough revision of Hofstede’s model is proposed, reducing it to two dimensions: IDV-COLL and FLX-MON.
The bright side of social categorization
Authors: Harush Raveh , Lisak Alon , Glikson Ella 
Published: September 2017

PurposeUsing social categorization perspective, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of global identity, perceived proximity, and team interdependence on relational conflict in multicultural distributed teams.Design/methodology/approachParticipants were 317 MBA students in 83 multicultural distributed project teams. Structural equation modeling and bootstrap methods were used to test the study model.FindingsThe results demonstrate that the indirect effect of global identity on relational conflict, through the pathway of perceived proximity, is moderated by team interdependence. More specifically, global identity leads to higher perceived proximity and lower relational conflict levels under low, rather than high, interdependence levels.Research limitations/implicationsThe particular study context (multicultural distributed MBA student project teams) may limit the extent of the generalization of the findings.Practical implicationsThe findings presented here can help practitioners in global organizations to defuse relational conflicts in multicultural distributed teams by embracing a global cultural approach and relying on shared global identity in team building, personnel selection, and development. Additionally, managers should be conscientious when they use the practice of facilitating interdependence between team members and assess the need for other interventions.Originality/valueThis study advances multicultural distributed team research by highlighting the role of global identity in reducing relational conflict, identifying the mediation mechanism of perceived proximity, and the boundary conditions of team interdependence levels under which this attenuation effect prevails.
Learning lab on disaster risk management for sustainable development (DRM-SD)
Authors: Ahmad Shabudin Ahmad Firdaus , Syed Azhar Sharifah Nurlaili Farhana , Ng Theam Foo 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
A series of “learning lab” projects on disaster risk management for sustainable development (DRM-SD) have been accomplished from 2014 to 2016 in Malaysia, Vietnam, Lao PDR and Cambodia by the Centre for Global Sustainability Studies. The project is designed for professionals from the disaster risk management field to encourage integration of sustainable development (SD) concerns into the larger planning framework for DRM. As a case study for capacity building (CB) evaluation, the central purpose of this study is to explore the approaches, feedbacks and implications of the DRM-SD CB project that have been developed and carried out.

Design/methodology/approach
Three methods have been used which are participation observations, surveys and document analysis. The results show that the project had successfully applied seven different tools to enhance analytical skills and professional knowledge of development practitioners in specific areas of DRM-SD.

Findings
Based on the survey, the project received positive response and valuable information from participants for future project development. Regarding the perspective of outcomes, the result indicates that south–south, ASEAN regional and triangular cooperation and role of higher education in DRM-SD are significant impacts from this project which can bring several benefits and should be promoted as an approach for the DRM-CB project as a whole.

Originality/value
It is hoped that this study will serve as a transfer learning initiative to provide approach guidelines and innovative mechanisms for DRM practitioners who will have the know-how and potential for leadership in DRM-SD.
Antecedents of low carbon emissions supply chains
Authors: Luo Zongwei , Gunasekaran Angappa , Dubey Rameshwar , Childe Stephen J. , Papadopoulos Thanos 
Published: September 2017

PurposeA low-carbon economy is the pressing need of the hour. Despite several efforts taken by the government and large corporations, there is still research to be conducted exploring the role of top management commitment in translating external pressures into responses that help to build low-carbon emissions in supply chains.Design/methodology/approachThe authors have grounded their framework in institutional theory, agency theory and contingency theory. On the basis of existing literature, four hypotheses were drawn. To test these hypotheses, a questionnaire was developed and pre-tested. Finally, statistical analyses were performed to test the research hypotheses using 176 samples gathered using a pre-tested questionnaire following Dillman’s (2007) total design test method.FindingsThe results suggest that coercive pressures and mimetic pressures under the mediating effect of top management commitment have a significant influence on organizational response to low-carbon emissions. The authors further note that supply base complexity has moderating effects on the link between top management commitment and organizational response towards low-carbon emissions.Originality/valueThis study offers valuable insights to those managers and environmental consultants who view supply base complexity as a limitation. However, the results indicate that supply base complexity may help to enhance the effectiveness of the top management commitment on organizational response towards low-carbon emissions.
Supporting a 1:1 program with a student technology team
Authors: Peterson Lana , Scharber Cassandra 
Published: September 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the practice of using student technology teams (STTs) offered at a high school within a 1:1 district.

Design/methodology/approach
This qualitative case study (Merriam, 1998, 2009) documents how an STT program functioned in 2015-2016 academic year.

Findings
Findings show the STT provided a rich and authentic learning opportunity for students interested in information technology. The district benefits greatly through both cost savings and personnel support related to its 1:1 initiative.

Originality/value
As there is no current research on K-12 STTs, this study serves as a foundation for a practice that is growing within schools.