bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abdominal Circumference Alone versus Estimated Fetal Weight after 24 Weeks to Predict Small or Large for Gestational Age at Birth: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Yordan José , Holbrook Bradley , Nirgudkar Pranita , Mozurkewich Ellen , Blue Nathan 
Published: July 2017

Objective We compared the sensitivity and specificity of abdominal circumference (AC) alone versus estimated fetal weight (EFW) to predict small for gestational age (SGA) or large for gestational age (LGA) at birth.
Study Design We searched the literature for studies assessing an ultrasonographic AC or EFW after 24 weeks to predict SGA or LGA at birth. Case series or studies including anomalous fetuses or multiple gestations were excluded. We computed the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of any AC or EFW cutoff analyzed by at least two studies.
Results We identified 2,460 studies, of which 40 met inclusion criteria (n = 36,519). Four studies assessed AC alone to predict SGA (n = 5,119), and six assessed AC to predict LGA (n = 6,110). Sixteen assessed EFW to predict SGA (n = 13,825), and 22 evaluated EFW to predict LGA (n = 18,896). To predict SGA, AC and EFW < 10th percentile have similar ability to predict SGA. To predict LGA, AC cutoffs were comparable to all EFW cutoffs, except that AC > 35 cm had better sensitivity.
Conclusion After 24 weeks, AC is comparable to EFW to predict both SGA and LGA. In settings where serial EFWs are inaccessible, a simpler screening method with AC alone may suffice.
Traditionelle Japanische Medizin – Kampo
Authors: Kuchta Kenny , Rausch Hans 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie regulatorische Situation pflanzlicher Arzneimittel (einschließlich der Formulierungen der traditionellen japanischen ­Kampo-Medizin) und verwandter Produktkategorien in Japan ist deutlich komplexer als das entsprechende europäische ­Pendant. Um eine gemeinsame Basis für das Verständnis von japanischer Kampo-Medizin und westlicher Phytotherapie zu schaffen, erklärt der vorliegende Artikel die grundlegenden gesetzlichen Kategorien von Phytopharmaka in Japan für ein deutsches Publikum. Die folgenden Seiten konzentrieren sich auf Übersetzungen der ­wesentlichen Fachbegriffe sowie eine ­Erklärung der zum Verständnis jeweils ­notwendigen Hintergrundinformationen.
Autoinflammatorische Erkrankungen als Differenzialdiagnose des Fiebers unklarer Genese
Authors: Kümmerle-Deschner Jasmin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFever is the most leading symptom of autoinflammatory diseases (AID). Therefore, AID have to be considered in differential diagnosis concerning fever of unknown origin. Unspecific Inflammatory manifestations may lead to misinterpretations that possibly cause irreversible organ damage. Effective treatment options are available and imply profound diagnostics.
NPS-Konsum in Deutschland – Ein Überblick über die Verbreitung von neuen psychoaktiven Substanzen, Konsumierendengruppen und Konsummotivationen zum Zeitpunkt der Einführung des NpSG
Authors: Werse Bernd , Müller Daniela 
Published: July 2017

Zusammenfassung
Ziel Beschreibung der aktuellen Situation im Hinblick auf den Konsum neuer psychoaktiver Substanzen (NPS) in Deutschland zum Zeitpunkt der Einführung des NpSG.
Methodik Neben Sekundärdaten wird auf Erkenntnisse eines laufenden EU-Projektes zurückgegriffen; hier insbesondere Experteninterviews und Länderberichte.
Ergebnisse Im europäischen Vergleich ist NPS-Konsum in Deutschland unterdurchschnittlich weit verbreitet, wobei sich mit Bayern ein regionaler Schwerpunkt abzeichnet. Gerade regelmäßiger Gebrauch scheint sich in jüngerer Zeit stärker auf ohnehin regelmäßig Drogen konsumierende Gruppen zu konzentrieren. Risiken sind offenbar v. a. bei den synthetischen Cannabinoiden höher als bei Cannabiskonsum.
Diskussion Der Grad der Verbreitung von NPS scheint u. a. mit der Verfügbarkeit illegaler Drogen zusammenzuhängen, die wiederum vom Grad der drogenbezogenen Repression abhängt. Daher bleibt abzuwarten, ob und wie das NpSG die Verbreitung in unterschiedlichen Gruppen beeinflussen wird.
Recombinant silicateins as model biocatalysts in organosiloxane chemistry
Authors: Tabatabaei Dakhili S. Yasin , Caslin Stephanie A. , Faponle Abayomi S. , Quayle Peter , de Visser Sam P. , Wong Lu Shin 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Organosiloxanes are components in a huge variety of consumer products and play a major role in the synthesis of fine chemicals. However, their synthetic manipulation primarily relies on the use of chlorosilanes, which are energy-intensive to produce and environmentally undesirable. Synthetic routes that operate under ambient conditions and circumvent the need for chlorinated feedstocks would therefore offer a more sustainable route for producing this class of compounds. Here, a systematic survey is reported for the silicatein enzyme, which is able to catalyze the hydrolysis, condensation, and exchange of the silicon–oxygen bond in a variety of organosiloxanes under environmentally benign conditions. These results suggest that silicatein is a promising candidate for development of selective and efficient biocatalysts for organosiloxane chemistry.
TCTE1 is a conserved component of the dynein regulatory complex and is required for motility and metabolism in mouse spermatozoa
Authors: Castaneda Julio M. , Hua Rong , Miyata Haruhiko , Oji Asami , Guo Yueshuai , Cheng Yiwei , Zhou Tao , Guo Xuejiang , Cui Yiqiang , Shen Bin , Wang Zibin , Hu Zhibin , Zhou Zuomin , Sha Jiahao , Prunskaite-Hyyrylainen Renata , Yu Zhifeng , Ramirez-Solis Ramiro , Ikawa Masahito , Matzuk Martin M. , Liu Mingxi 
Published: July 2017

SignificanceInfertility is a global problem that afflicts 15% of couples, and in 50% of cases, the attributing factor is linked to men. Among these infertile men, 18% specifically exhibit decreased motility of sperm (asthenozoospermia). Sperm motility is dependent on the formation and functioning of the flagellum, a modified cilium used for locomotion. Cilia are present in almost every cell of vertebrates and are essential for proper organ functioning. Defects in cilia formation lead to severe syndromic diseases, termed ciliopathies, affecting numerous tissues (e.g., polycystic kidney disease), wherein male infertility is often comorbid. Advances in mouse genetics implicate several genes responsible for ciliopathies observed in humans. Here, we identify a nonsyndromic flagellum protein, TCTE1, that is required for sperm motility in mice.
Autoantibody profiling on a plasmonic nano-gold chip for the early detection of hypertensive heart disease
Authors: Li Xiaoyang , Kuznetsova Tatiana , Cauwenberghs Nicholas , Wheeler Matthew , Maecker Holden , Wu Joseph C. , Haddad Francois , Dai Hongjie 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Hypertension affects one in four adults in the United States and is a major risk factor for heart failure. A plasmonic nano-gold platform with excellent reproducibility and sensitivity is developed to address the currently unmet need of profiling circulating cardiovascular autoantibodies in hypertensive patients. We observed that patients with early-stage hypertensive heart diseases displayed a higher level of cardiovascular autoantibodies than hypertensive patients with normal cardiac function. Autoantibodies to troponin I, adrenergic beta-1 receptor, and annexin-A5 could best discriminate hypertensive heart disease. Ultimately, this nanoscience-based platform could be deployed to facilitate screening autoantibodies and identify at-risk patients for early stages of heart failure. Furthermore, this platform could have broad applications in myocarditis, heart transplantation, and other autoimmune diseases.
Convergent immunological solutions to Argentine hemorrhagic fever virus neutralization
Authors: Zeltina Antra , Krumm Stefanie A. , Sahin Mehmet , Struwe Weston B. , Harlos Karl , Nunberg Jack H. , Crispin Max , Pinschewer Daniel D. , Doores Katie J. , Bowden Thomas A. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
An estimated 5 million people are at risk of infection by Junín virus (JUNV), the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever. JUNV displays a glycoprotein spike complex on the surface of the viral envelope that is responsible for negotiating host-cell recognition and entry. Herein, we show that monoclonal antibodies that have gone through different germline selection pathways have converged to target the host-cell receptor-binding site on the JUNV glycoprotein spike. Immunofocusing of the antibody response to mimic natural host–receptor interactions reveals a key point of vulnerability on the JUNV surface.
Targeting reactive nitrogen species suppresses hereditary pancreatic cancer
Authors: Li Mo , Chen Qian , Ma Teng , Yu Xiaochun 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Germline mutations of BRCA2 associate with tissue-specific cancers, such as familial pancreatic cancer. However, it is unclear why BRCA2 mutation causes tissue-specific cancer. Here, we show that pancreas-specific reactive nitrogen species (RNS) causes oxidative damage and DNA double-strand breaks. Lacking BRCA2, cells could not repair DNA lesions, which led to genomic instability and pancreatic tumorigenesis. On the basis of the mechanistic analysis, we treated Brca2-deficient mice with antioxidant. Interestingly, the antioxidant treatment suppressed RNS-induced lesions and delayed the onset of pancreatic tumorigenesis. Thus, our study reveals a potential approach for the eradication of BRCA2 mutation-associated pancreatic cancer.
Global Sustainable Development priorities 500 y after Luther:
Sola schola et sanitate
Authors: Lutz Wolfgang 
Published: July 2017

Significance
In 2015, all countries of the world agreed to an ambitious set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals, including 169 specific targets. Whether these goals will be achieved and lead to the desired sustainability transition will depend on the degree to which they can energize and mobilize policy makers, donors, nongovernmental organizations, private industry, and the public. There is a fear that this rather technocratic set of 169 overlapping and partly contradictory targets lacks the sense of clear priority that is needed. This paper proposes a clear priority focus on human capital (education and health) as a root cause of development that, together with maintaining natural capital, is prerequisite for all other Sustainable Development Goals, offering a vision for an achievable and sustainable future.
Multiple layers of heterogeneity and subset diversity in human MAIT cell responses to distinct microorganisms and to innate cytokines
Authors: Dias Joana , Leeansyah Edwin , Sandberg Johan K. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are a large subset of unconventional T cells in humans, recognizing microbial riboflavin metabolites presented by the monomorphic MR1 molecule. The extraordinary level of conservation of MR1 and the limited diversity of riboflavin-derived antigens have suggested that MAIT cells are homogeneous, and their functional specialization has not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we show that MAIT cell responses against two distinct riboflavin biosynthesis-competent microorganisms display microbe-specific response patterns with multiple layers of heterogeneity. Furthermore, a set of natural killer cell-associated receptors define a subset with enhanced capacity to respond to innate cytokine stimulus. Thus, MAIT cells harbor multiple layers of functional heterogeneity and can adapt their antimicrobial responses to the type of microbial stimuli.
Structural complexity and molecular heterogeneity of a butterfly ejaculate reflect a complex history of selection
Authors: Meslin Camille , Cherwin Tamara S. , Plakke Melissa S. , Hill Jason , Small Brandon S. , Goetz Breanna J. , Wheat Christopher W. , Morehouse Nathan I. , Clark Nathan L. 
Published: July 2017

Significance
Male ejaculates exhibit remarkable diversity, including variation in their spatial and temporal molecular composition. This complexity suggests that ejaculates provide functions far beyond the delivery of sperm. Here, we investigated the molecular and functional specificity of the butterfly spermatophore, a structurally complex ejaculate. We discovered that its two distinct parts originate from separate regions of the male reproductive tract, are transferred sequentially during mating, and seem to be the result of a complex evolutionary history. We also highlight a large and previously unrecognized female contribution to the spermatophore, which calls into question traditional characterizations of females as passive recipients of these male ejaculates.
Possessive inflection in Proto-Zamucoan
Authors: Ciucci Luca , Bertinetto Pier Marco 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative analysis of possessive inflection in the three known Zamucoan languages: Ayoreo and Chamacoco – still spoken in the Chaco area between Bolivia and Paraguay – plus †Old Zamuco, described by the Jesuit father Ignace Chomé in the first half of the 18th century. The comparison allows us to build a plausible reconstruction of Proto-Zamucoan possessive inflection. Old Zamuco appears to be the most conservative language among the three, while Chamacoco appears to be the most innovative, although it exhibits relics of special importance for reconstructive purposes. Our analysis identifies in Zamucoan a series of features of general interest for the typology of person marking.
AlloSigMA: allosteric signaling and mutation analysis server
Authors: Guarnera Enrico , Tan Zhen Wah , Zheng Zejun , Berezovsky Igor N 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Motivation
Allostery is an omnipresent mechanism of the function modulation in proteins via either effector binding or mutations in the exosites. Despite the growing number of online servers and databases devoted to prediction/classification of allosteric sites and their characteristics, there is a lack of resources for an efficient and quick estimation of the causality and energetics of allosteric communication.

Results
The AlloSigMA server implements a unique approach on the basis of the recently introduced structure-based statistical mechanical models of allosteric signaling. It provides an interactive framework for estimating the allosteric free energy as a result of the ligand(s) binding, mutation(s) and their combinations. Latent regulatory exosites and allosteric effect of mutations can be detected and explored, facilitating the research efforts in protein engineering and allosteric drug design.

Availability and implementation
The AlloSigMA server is freely available at http://allosigma.bii.a-star.edu.sg/home/.
On the Pitman–Yor process with spike and slab base measure
Authors: Canale A. , Lijoi A. , Nipoti B. , Prünster I. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryFor the most popular discrete nonparametric models, beyond the Dirichlet process, the prior guess at the shape of the data-generating distribution, also known as the base measure, is assumed to be diffuse. Such a specification greatly simplifies the derivation of analytical results, allowing for a straightforward implementation of Bayesian nonparametric inferential procedures. However, in several applied problems the available prior information leads naturally to the incorporation of an atom into the base measure, and then the Dirichlet process is essentially the only tractable choice for the prior. In this paper we fill this gap by considering the Pitman–Yor process with an atom in its base measure. We derive computable expressions for the distribution of the induced random partitions and for the predictive distributions. These findings allow us to devise an effective generalized Pólya urn Gibbs sampler. Applications to density estimation, clustering and curve estimation, with both simulated and real data, serve as an illustration of our results and allow comparisons with existing methodology. In particular, we tackle a functional data analysis problem concerning basal body temperature curves.
Quantitative 3D Ultrastructure of Thalamocortical Synapses from the “Lemniscal” Ventral Posteromedial Nucleus in Mouse Barrel Cortex
Authors: Rodriguez-Moreno Javier , Rollenhagen Astrid , Arlandis Jaime , Santuy Andrea , Merchan-Pérez Angel , DeFelipe Javier , Lübke Joachim H R , Clasca Francisco 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThalamocortical synapses from “lemniscal” neurons of the dorsomedial portion of the rodent ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPMdm) are able to induce with remarkable efficacy, despite their relative low numbers, the firing of primary somatosensory cortex (S1) layer 4 (L4) neurons. To which extent this high efficacy depends on structural synaptic features remains unclear. Using both serial transmission (TEM) and focused ion beam milling scanning electron microscopy (FIB/SEM), we 3D-reconstructed and quantitatively analyzed anterogradely labeled VPMdm axons in L4 of adult mouse S1. All VPMdm synapses are asymmetric. Virtually all are established by axonal boutons, 53% of which contact multiple (2–4) elements (overall synapse/bouton ratio = 1.6). Most boutons are large (mean 0.47 μm3), and contain 1–3 mitochondria. Vesicle pools and postsynaptic density (PSD) surface areas are large compared to others in rodent cortex. Most PSDs are complex. Most synapses (83%) are established on dendritic spine heads. Furthermore, 15% of the postsynaptic spines receive a second, symmetric synapse. In addition, 13% of the spine heads have a large protrusion inserted into a membrane pouch of the VPMdm bouton. The unusual combination of structural features in VPMdm synapses is likely to contribute significantly to the high efficacy, strength, and plasticity of these thalamocortical synapses.
The 2015 superoutburst of QZ Virginis: Detection of growing superhumps between the precursor and main superoutburst
Authors: Imada Akira , Kato Taichi , Isogai Keisuke , Hambsch Franz-Josef , Dubovsky Pavol A. , Kudzej Igor , Pickard Roger D. , Akazawa Hidehiko , Kasai Kiyoshi , Itoh Hiroshi , Cook Lewis M. , Kiyota Seiichiro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report on time-resolved photometry of the 2015 February–March superoutburst of QZ Virginis. The superoutburst consisted of a separated precursor, main superoutburst, and rebrightening. We detected superhumps with a period of 0.061181(42) d between the precursor and main superoutburst. Based on analyses of period changes and amplitudes of superhumps, the observed superhumps were identified as growing superhumps (stage A superhumps). The duration of the stage A superhumps was about 5 d, unusually long for SU UMa-type dwarf novae. Using the obtained stage A superhump period, we estimated the mass ratio of QZ Vir to be 0.108(3). This value suggests that QZ Vir is an SU UMa-type dwarf nova evolving toward the period minimum. Based on the present and previous observations regarding long-lasting stage A superhumps, the time scale for stage A superhumps is likely to be determined by the mass ratio of the system and the temperature of the accretion disk.
Lingering single-strand breaks trigger Rad51-independent homology-directed repair of collapsed replication forks in polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase mutant of fission yeast
Authors: Sanchez Arancha , Gadaleta Mariana C. , Limbo Oliver , Russell Paul 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe DNA repair enzyme polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP) protects genome integrity by restoring ligatable 5’-phosphate and 3’-hydroxyl termini at single-strand breaks (SSBs). In humans, PNKP mutations underlie the neurological disease known as MCSZ, but these individuals are not predisposed for cancer, implying effective alternative repair pathways in dividing cells. Homology-directed repair (HDR) of collapsed replication forks was proposed to repair SSBs in PNKP-deficient cells, but the critical HDR protein Rad51 is not required in PNKP-null (pnk1Δ) cells ofSchizosaccharomyces pombe.Here, we report thatpnk1Δcells have enhanced requirements for Rad3 (ATR/Mec1) and Chk1 checkpoint kinases, and the multi-BRCT domain protein Brc1 that binds phospho-histone H2A (γH2A) at damaged replication forks. The viability ofpnk1Δcells depends on Mre11 and Ctp1 (CtIP/Sae2) double-strand break (DSB) resection proteins, Rad52 DNA strand annealing protein, Mus81-Eme1 Holliday junction resolvase, and Rqh1 (BLM/WRN/Sgs1) DNA helicase. Eliminating Pnk1 strongly sensitizesmre11Δ pku80Δcells to DNA damaging agents that collapse replication forks, indicating a requirement for Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (MRN) protein complex that cannot be efficiently replaced by Exo1 5’-3’ exonuclease. Coupled with increased sister chromatid recombination and Rad52 repair foci inpnk1Δcells, these findings indicate that lingering SSBs inpnk1Δcells trigger Rad51-independent homology-directed repair of collapsed replication forks.AUTHOR SUMMARYDNA is constantly damaged by normal cellular metabolism, for example production of reactive oxygen species, or from exposure to external DNA damaging sources, such as radiation from the sun or chemicals in the environment. These genotoxic agents create thousands of single-strand breaks/cell/day in the human body. An essential DNA repair protein known as polynucleotide kinase/phosphatase (PNKP) makes sure the single-strand breaks have 5’ phosphate and 3’ hydroxyl ends suitable for healing by DNA ligase. Mutations that reduce PNKP activity cause a devastating neurological disease but surprisingly not cancer, suggesting that other DNA repair mechanisms step into the breach in dividing PNKP-deficient cells. One popular candidate was homology-directed repair (HDR) of replication forks that collapse at single-strand breaks, but the crucial HDR protein Rad51 was found to be non-essential in PNKP-deficient cells of fission yeast. In this study, Sanchez and Russell revive the HDR model by showing that SSBs in PNKP-deficient cells are repaired by a variant HDR mechanism that bypasses the requirement for Rad51. Notably, Mus81 endonuclease that resolves sister chromatid recombination structures formed during HDR of collapsed replication forks was found to be essential in PNKP-deficient cells.