bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sensorinformationen als Dienst – Baustein der vernetzten Produktion
Authors: Schmitt Robert H. , Voigtmann Christoph 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
In der vernetzten, adaptiven Produktion fällt der Messtechnik mit
der Aufgabe einer ganzheitlichen, validen Zustandserfassung
unterschiedlicher Produktionsszenarien eine Schlüsselposition
zu. Mit der abnehmenden Fokussierung auf die gerätetechnische
Ausprägung hin zu einem im Sinne eines „Internet of
Production“ weniger hierarchisch organisierten, adaptiven
Produktionsnetzwerks ergibt sich mit einer auf die Eigenschaften
cyber-physischer Systeme (CPS) ausgerichtete Betrachtungsweise eine Stärkung der Messtechnik. Kennzeichen solcher CPS sind
Sensoren zur multi-modalen Datenerfassung, Aktuatorik zur Interaktion
mit der Umgebung, verteilte Rechenleistung und die Fähigkeit zur
spontanen oder dauerhaften Vernetzung. Sie bilden die Grundlage
für die Erzeugung eines „digitalen Schattens“ und somit
wesentliche Bestandteile der Modelle einer darauf aufbauenden
Prozesssteuerung und -regelung. Aktuelle Trends und Herausforderungen
für die Messtechnik in der vernetzten Produktion, wie
Multi-Sensor-Systeme, Messen am Modell, virtuelle Messprozesse oder
die Integration in wandlungsfähige Produktionssysteme weiten die
Grenzen für zukünftige Anforderungen an die Messtechnik,
insbesondere hinsichtlich ihrer Flexibilität, Schnelligkeit und
Kompatibilität. Voraussetzung ist allerdings eine skalierbare,
spezifizierbare Informationsverknüpfung. Eine Antwort darauf ist
die servicebasierte Bereitstellung von Sensorinformationen, Messdaten
und Entscheidungen, welche den aufgabenspezifischen Anforderungen
flexibel angepasst werden können. Für eine derartige
Organisation der „Sensorinformationen als Dienst“ werden
Entwicklungsstufen, Umsetzungsvoraussetzungen sowie betroffene
Bereiche diskutiert.
Bestimmung der Messunsicherheit für Koordinatenmesssysteme
Authors: Franke Matthias , Kistner Thomas , Hausotte Tino , Heißelmann Daniel , Schwehn Carsten , Wendt Klaus 
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung
Koordinatenmesssysteme sind vielseitig einsetzbar zur Prüfung geometrischer Merkmale an komplexen, dreidimensionalen
Werkstücken. Eine wirkungsvolle Qualitätssicherung ist allerdings nur dann möglich, wenn ihre Eignung für die konkrete
Messaufgabe nachgewiesen ist. Die DIN EN ISO 14253
DIN EN ISO 14253-1:2013-12 (2013). Geometrische
Produktspezifikationen (GPS) – Prüfung von Werkstücken und Messgeräten durch Messen – Teil 1: Entscheidungsregeln für
den Nachweis von Konformität oder Nichtkonformität mit Spezifikationen.
fordert daher, dass die Messunsicherheit bekannt
und mit der Toleranz vereinbar ist (siehe auch Imkamp und Kistner
Imkamp, D. und
Kistner, T. (2016). Neue ISO 9001 Revision – und ihre Bedeutung für die Messtechnik in der Produktion. In 18. GMA/ITG-Fachtagung Sensoren und Messsysteme 2016, Seiten 488–492. AMA Service GmbH.
). Die Herausforderung liegt in
der Bestimmung der Messunsicherheit. Diese kann für Koordinatenmesssysteme sehr aufwendig und komplex sein, da sich
Unsicherheitsbeiträge u. a. aus dem Messgerät, dem Werkstück und der Umgebung in verschiedener Weise überlagern und sich
für die individuellen Merkmale zu sehr unterschiedlichen Messunsicherheiten addieren. Es existieren unterschiedliche
Ansätze, diese merkmalspezifischen Messunsicherheiten zu ermitteln. Der vorliegende Beitrag beschreibt ein auf
numerischer Simulation basierendes Verfahren und stellt neue Entwicklungen vor. Diese beinhalten
unter anderem die Unterstützung von Messungen mittels taktiler Scanningtechnologie und die Berücksichtigung des
Unsicherheitseinflusses, der durch unvollständige Erfassung (Unterabtastung) der Prüfmerkmale verursacht wird. Die
Eingangsgrößen und deren Ermittlung werden beschrieben. Neben der präzisen Erfassung der Eingangsgrößen wird
auch eine vereinfachte Methode vorgestellt, die es Anwendern ermöglicht, die zu erwartende Messunsicherheit grob
abzuschätzen, ohne eine aufwendige messtechnische
Erfassung aller Einflussgrößen durchzuführen.
Simulation of microscopic metal surfaces based on measured microgeometry
Authors: Yang Haiyue , Haist Tobias , Gronle Marc , Osten Wolfgang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Lack of training data is one of the main problems when realizing optical surface inspection systems. In the best case,
provision of enough representative training samples is difficult and most of the time expensive. In some cases, it is not
possible at all. Here we present an alternative method where the surface defects are simulated. Thereby, we focus on metal
surfaces in the microscale where diffraction phenomena start to play a major role. Ray tracing and scalar diffraction
approximation methods are applied and compared.
Analepsen mit Topik-Drop. Zur Notwendigkeit einer diskurssemantischen Perspektive
Authors: Helmer Henrike 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Analepses with topic-drop are frequent structures in German interaction. While hitherto the focus on analepses was a rather syntactic one, this paper deals with analeptic structures from a semantic perspective. It particularly concentrates on the semantic relations between the referents of the analepses and the prior interactional context. This analysis shows that even for rather simple analepses which just omit a constituent from the prior utterance, conceptual processes are more decisive for its interpretation than syntactic features of the antecedent constituents. This is even more the case for complex analepses that are only indirectly linked to the prior context, and for the interpretation of which hearers need to draw inferences. The paper argues that theoretical approaches like Conversation Analysis and Interactional Linguistics can profit from adopting a semantic and conceptual perspective for the interpretation of interactional structures.
Über nein
Authors: Imo Wolfgang 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
While the particle ja (yes) has been analyzed extensively in both spoken and written German, its counterpart nein (no) has not received much attention. This has to do with the fact that ja is a multifunctional word that can be used as a positive responsive particle, a modal particle, a discourse marker or a tag question. In contrast, nein is usually only ascribed a narrow range of functions centering around negative responsivity particle. The aim of this article is to ask whether nein is indeed only used as a negative responsive or whether it, too, is multifunctional – and if so, what its functions are. On the basis of an empirical analysis of spoken German formal and discourse-functional properties of nein are described.
Trotzdemals Subjunktion in Geschichte und Gegenwart
Authors: Schiegg Markus , Niehaus Konstantin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis article examines the genesis and use of the German subordinate conjunctiontrotzdem.We begin by investigating the perception of this grammatical phenomenon in contemporary grammars and popular language guides. Based on analyses of corpora, both ‘from below’ and ‘from above’ (Elspaß 2015), we attempt to answer the questions of how oftentrotzdemhas appeared as a subordinate conjunction since the 19th century, whether it is a phenomenon of conceptual immediacy or distance, and what kind of regional distribution of usage can be observed. In the course of this analysis, we focus on both existing corpora and our newly compiled corpus of historical newspapers, which draws on digitized newspapers fromGoogleBooksandANNO – AustriaN Newspapers Online. The analyses show thattrotzdemappears as a subordinate conjunction throughout the periods examined. It is a supra-regional phenomenon that is used quite commonly in German, predominantly in the northern and central eastern regions, and both in the language of immediacy and distance. During the 19th century, a three-stage grammaticalization process occurred (trotz dem, daß>trotzdem/trotz daß>trotzdem), whereby compound spelling and the loss ofdaßemerged and spread; the speed of this process, however, varied in different German-speaking regions. Today, bothtrotzdemandtrotzdem dassare in use, whereby – according to our preliminary observations – the first variant is prevalent in the language of distance and the second in the language of immediacy.
Electromyographical Comparison of Muscle Activation Patterns Across Three Commonly Performed Kettlebell Exercises
Authors: Lyons Brian C. , Mayo Jerry J. , Tucker W. Steven , Wax Ben , Hendrix Russell C. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Lyons, BC, Mayo, JJ, Tucker, WS, Wax, B, and Hendrix, RC. Electromyographical comparison of muscle activation patterns across 3 commonly performed kettlebell exercises. J Strength Cond Res 31(9): 2363–2370, 2017—The purpose of this study was to compare the muscle activation patterns of 3 different kettlebell (KB) exercises using electromyography (EMG). Fourteen resistance-trained subjects completed a 1-arm swing (Swing), 1-arm swing style snatch (Snatch), and a 1-arm clean (Clean) using a self-selected 8 to 10 repetition maximum load for each exercise. Trial sessions consisted of subjects performing 5 repetitions of each KB exercise. Mean EMG was used to assess the muscle activation of the biceps brachii, anterior deltoid, posterior deltoid, erector spinae (ES), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris, contralateral external oblique (EO), and gluteus maximus during each lift using surface electrodes. The mean EMG was normalized using maximal voluntary contractions obtained from manual muscle testing. Repeated-measures analysis of variance revealed a significant difference in the muscle activation patterns of the ES (Swing > Snatch), EO (Snatch, Clean > Swing), and VL (Swing > Clean) across the 3 KB exercises. We conclude that although the KB Swing, Snatch, and Clean are total body exercises, they place different demands on the ES, contralateral EO, and the VL. Therefore, KBs represent an authentic alternative for lifters, and the Swing, Snatch, and Clean are not redundant exercises.
The 1 Repetition Maximum Mechanics of a High-Handle Hexagonal Bar Deadlift Compared With a Conventional Deadlift as Measured by a Linear Position Transducer
Authors: Lockie Robert G. , Moreno Matthew R. , Lazar Adrina , Risso Fabrice G. , Liu Tricia M. , Stage Alyssa A. , Birmingham-Babauta Samantha A. , Torne Ibett A. , Stokes John J. , Giuliano Dominic V. , Davis DeShaun L. , Orjalo Ashley J. , Callaghan Samuel J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Lockie, RG, Moreno, MR, Lazar, A, Risso, FG, Liu, TM, Stage, AA, Birmingham-Babauta, SA, Torne, IA, Stokes, JJ, Giuliano, DV, Davis, DL, Orjalo, AJ, and Callaghan, SJ. The 1 repetition maximum mechanics of a high-handle hexagonal bar deadlift compared with a conventional deadlift as measured by a linear position transducer. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 150–161, 2018—The high-handle hexagonal bar deadlift (HHBD), a variation of the conventional deadlift (CD), is said to reduce the lift range of motion, which may change the mechanics of the lift. However, no research has investigated this. This study compared the mechanics between a 1 repetition maximum (1RM) CD and HHBD. Thirty-one strength-trained subjects (21 men, 10 women) completed a 1RM CD and HHBD. A linear position transducer measured lift distance, duration, and work; and peak and mean power, velocity, and force. The presence of a sticking region (SR) was determined for each lift. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) calculated differences between 1RM CD and HHBD mechanics. A one-way ANOVA compared the mechanics of each lift between subjects who exhibited an SR or not, and the SR between the CD and HHBD. Significance was set at p < 0.01. Subjects lifted a greater load in the HHBD (154.50 ± 45.29 kg) compared with the CD (134.72 ± 40.63 kg). Lift distance and duration were 22 and 25% shorter during the 1RM HHBD, respectively. The HHBD featured greater peak power and velocity, and peak and mean force; more work was done in the CD. Most subjects did not exhibit a CD (68%) or HHBD (77%) SR. There were no differences in CD or HHBD mechanics between subjects with or without an SR, and no differences in SR region distance or duration between the CD and HHBD. Greater force can be generated in the HHBD, which could have implications for strength-training adaptations over time.
Progression in Youth Soccer: Selection and Identification in Youth Soccer Players Aged 13–15 Years
Authors: Bidaurrazaga-Letona Iraia , Lekue José A. , Amado Markos , Gil Susana M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBidaurrazaga-Letona, I, Lekue, JA, Amado, M, and Gil, SM. Progression in youth soccer: Selection and identification in youth soccer players aged 13–15 years.J Strength Cond Res33(9): 2548–2558, 2019—The aim of this study was to identify the factors that are important for the identification and selection of young soccer players. Ninety-four adolescent soccer players from the under-13 (U13; age = 12.3 ± 0.3 years;n= 50) and under-15 (U15; age = 14.0 ± 0.2 years;n= 44) categories belonging to a professional club participated in the study. Anthropometric measurements, physical tests (sprint, agility, endurance and jump), and maturity status (age at peak height velocity) were recorded over 4 seasons. Comparisons were performed among new players joining the club (Enter players,n= 15), players progressing to the next age category (Club players,n= 54), and players leaving the club (Deselected players,n= 25). A 2-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to determine if significant differences existed between groups and testing time. Better physical performance and improvements observed during the season in performance were found to be one of the main factors for U13 players to continue in the club (p< 0.05–0.001). In the U15 group, although body size, maturation and physical performance appeared to be the most important characteristics for being identified to play in the club (p< 0.05), Club players demonstrated better improvements during the season (p< 0.05). Overall, these results indicate that the identification or promotion of players by coaches depends on indicators which are age-dependent. Therefore, this study has shown that the talent identification program was more a selection process than a promotion process, selecting and identifying a posteriori rather than a priori.
Strength and Conditioning Training by the Danish National Handball Team Before an Olympic Tournament
Authors: Kvorning Thue , Hansen Mikkel R.B. , Jensen Kurt 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Kvorning, T, Hansen, MRB, and Jensen, K. Strength and conditioning training by the Danish national handball team before an Olympic tournament. J Strength Cond Res 31(7): 1759–1765, 2017—The physical demands imposed on national team handball teams during the Olympics imply significant physical preparation to improve performance and reduce incidence of injuries. The purpose of this case report was to describe and analyze the strength and conditioning (S&C) training performed by the Danish national handball team before the Beijing Olympic Games. Eight weeks of S&C was divided into 5 weeks emphasizing muscle hypertrophy and long-interval running followed by 3 weeks emphasizing strength, power, and short-interval running. Body mass increased by 1.6% (p < 0.05), whereas body fat decreased by 1.0% (p < 0.05). No differences were seen in countermovement jump or jump-and-reach height (p > 0.05). Agility performance was evaluated by a T-test and improved by 2.5% (p < 0.05). Changes by 6% and 22% were seen in 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and 1RM back squat, respectively. However, only the 1RM bench press increased significantly (p < 0.05). Running performance was tested by the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test, level 2, and improved by 25% (p < 0.05). In conclusion, during 8 weeks of S&C training before the Beijing Olympics, body composition changed toward more muscle mass, better upper-body strength, better interval running, and agility performance, whereas no changes were seen in jumping or lower-body muscle strength. This case report may be used as a handy script for handball teams preparing for competition. Detailed and periodized S&C training programs for 8 weeks are provided and can be used by teams ranging from moderately to highly trained.
Movement Rate Is Encoded and Influenced by Widespread, Coherent Activity of Cerebellar Molecular Layer Interneurons
Authors: Gaffield Michael A. , Christie Jason M. 
Published: April 2017

Inhibition from molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) is thought to play an important role in cerebellar function by sharpening the precision of Purkinje cell spike output. Yet the coding features of MLIs during behavior are poorly understood. To study MLI activity, we usedin vivoCa2+imaging in head-fixed mice during the performance of a rhythmic motor behavior, licking during water consumption. MLIs were robustly active during lick-related movement across a lobule-specific region of the cerebellum showing high temporal correspondence within their population. Average MLI Ca2+activity strongly correlated with movement rate but not to the intentional, or unexpected, adjustment of lick position or to sensory feedback that varied with task condition. Chemogenetic suppression of MLI output reduced lick rate and altered tongue movements, indicating that activity of these interneurons not only encodes temporal aspects of movement kinematics but also influences motor outcome pointing to an integral role in online control of rhythmic behavior.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe cerebellum helps fine-tune coordinated motor actions via signaling from projection neurons called Purkinje cells. Molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) provide powerful inhibition onto Purkinje cells, but little is understood about how this inhibitory circuit is engaged during behavior or what type of information is transmitted through these neurons. Our work establishes that MLIs in the lateral cerebellum are broadly activated during movement with calcium activity corresponding to movement rate. We also show that suppression of MLI output slows and disorganizes the precise movement pattern. Therefore, MLIs are an important circuit element in the cerebellum allowing for accurate motor control.
ST2/IL-33-Dependent Microglial Response Limits Acute Ischemic Brain Injury
Authors: Yang Yuanyuan , Liu Huan , Zhang Haiyue , Ye Qing , Wang Jianyi , Yang Boyu , Mao Leilei , Zhu Wen , Leak Rehana K. , Xiao Bo , Lu Binfeng , Chen Jun , Hu Xiaoming 
Published: April 2017

ST2, a member of the interleukin (IL) 1 receptor family, and its ligand IL-33 play critical roles in immune regulation and inflammatory responses. This study explores the roles of endogenous IL-33/ST2 signaling in ischemic brain injury and elucidates the underlying mechanisms of action. The expression of IL-33 rapidly increased in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes after 60 min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). ST2 receptor deficiency exacerbated brain infarction 3 d after tMCAO as well as distal permanent MCAO. ST2 deficiency also aggravated neurological deficits up to 7 d after tMCAO. Conversely, intracerebroventricular infusions of IL-33 after tMCAO attenuated brain infarction. Flow cytometry analyses demonstrated high levels of ST2 expression on microglia, and this expression was dramatically enhanced after tMCAO. The absence of ST2 enhanced the expression of M1 polarization markers on microglia/macrophages, and impaired the expression of M2 polarization markers after tMCAO.In vitrostudies on various types of cultures and coculture systems confirmed that IL-33/ST2 signaling potentiated expression ofIL-10and other M2 genes in primary microglia. The activation of ST2 on microglia led to a protective phenotype that enhanced neuronal survival against oxygen glucose deprivation. Furtherin vitrostudies revealed that IL-33-activated microglia released IL-10, and that this was critical for their neuroprotective effects. Similarly, intracerebroventricular infusions of IL-33 intoIL-10knock-out mice failed to provide neuroprotection against tMCAOin vivo. These results shed new light on the IL-33/ST2 axis as an immune regulatory mechanism that serves as a natural brake on the progression of ischemic brain injury.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis is the first study to identify the function of interleukin (IL) 33/ST2 signaling in poststroke microglial responses and neuroprotection against ischemia. Using two models of ischemic stroke, we demonstrate here that ST2 deficiency shifted microglia/macrophages toward a M1-like phenotype, thereby expanding brain infarcts and exacerbating long-term behavioral deficits after stroke. Using stroke models and variousin vitroculture and coculture systems, we further characterized a previously undefined mechanism whereby IL-33/ST2 engagement stimulates the production of IL-10 from microglia, which, in turn, enhances neuronal survival upon ischemic challenge. These results shed light on endogenous IL-33/ST2 signaling as a potential immune regulatory mechanism that serves to promote beneficial microglial responses and mitigate ischemic brain injury after stroke.
Chromatin determinants impart camptothecin sensitivity
Authors: Puddu Fabio , Salguero Israel , Herzog Mareike , Geisler Nicola J , Costanzo Vincenzo , Jackson Stephen P 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCamptothecin‐induced locking of topoisomerase 1 on DNA generates a physical barrier to replication fork progression and creates topological stress. By allowing replisome rotation, absence of the Tof1/Csm3 complex promotes the conversion of impending topological stress to DNA catenation and causes camptothecin hypersensitivity. Through synthetic viability screening, we discovered that histone H4 K16 deacetylation drives the sensitivity of yeast cells to camptothecin and that inactivation of this pathway by mutating H4 K16 or the genes SIR1‐4 suppresses much of the hypersensitivity of tof1∆ strains towards this agent. We show that disruption of rDNA or telomeric silencing does not mediate camptothecin resistance but that disruption of Sir1‐dependent chromatin domains is sufficient to suppress camptothecin sensitivity in wild‐type and tof1∆ cells. We suggest that topoisomerase 1 inhibition in proximity of these domains causes topological stress that leads to DNA hypercatenation, especially in the absence of the Tof1/Csm3 complex. Finally, we provide evidence of the evolutionarily conservation of this mechanism.
The Effect of Orange Peel Pectin Addition on Overrun, Melting Time, Total Solids, Total Dissolved Solids of Sherbet
Authors: Aulia Hasna Rahma , Nurwantoro Nurwantoro , Legowo Anang Mohamad 
Published: April 2017

The purpose of this research was to improve physical properties of sherbet with the addition of pectin orange peel. The experimental design of this research was using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replication with the addition of pectin concentration variations, 0% (T0), 0.2% (T1), 0.4% (T2), and 0.6% (T3). The observed parameter were physical properties of sherbet (overrun, melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH). The results showed the addition of pectin orange peel had no significant result (P>0.05) on overrun and significant (P<0.05) on melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH. The best treatment from orange peel pectin addition on sherbet based on melting time, total solids, total dissolved solids, and pH were pectin concentration of 0.4% and 0.6%.