bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic activation of gold nanorods for remote stimulation of calcium signaling and protein expression in HEK 293T cells
Authors: Sanchez‐Rodriguez Sandra P. , Sauer Jeremy P. , Stanley Sarah A. , Qian Xi , Gottesdiener Andrew , Friedman Jeffrey M. , Dordick Jonathan S. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTRemote activation of specific cells of a heterogeneous population can provide a useful research tool for clinical and therapeutic applications. Here, we demonstrate that photostimulation of gold nanorods (AuNRs) using a tunable near‐infrared (NIR) laser at specific longitudinal surface plasmon resonance wavelengths can induce the selective and temporal internalization of calcium in HEK 293T cells. Biotin‐PEG‐Au nanorods coated with streptavidin Alexa Fluor‐633 and biotinylated anti‐His antibodies were used to decorate cells genetically modified with His‐tagged TRPV1 temperature‐sensitive ion channel and AuNRs conjugated to biotinylated RGD peptide were used to decorate integrins in unmodified cells. Plasmonic activation can be stimulated at weak laser power (0.7–4.0 W/cm2) without causing cell damage. Selective activation of TRPV1 channels could be controlled by laser power between 1.0 and 1.5 W/cm2. Integrin targeting robustly stimulated calcium signaling due to a dense cellular distribution of nanoparticles. Such an approach represents a functional tool for combinatorial activation of cell signaling in heterogeneous cell populations. Our results suggest that it is possible to induce cell activation via NIR‐induced gold nanorod heating through the selective targeting of membrane proteins in unmodified cells to produce calcium signaling and downstream expression of specific genes with significant relevance for both in vitro and therapeutic applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2228–2240. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Critical shear stress for incipient motion of non‐cohesive particles in open‐channel flows of pseudoplastic fluids
Authors: Tamburrino Aldo , Carrillo Daniela , Negrete Felipe , Ihle Christian F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe results of a theoretical and experimental study on the conditions of incipient motion of non‐cohesive solid particles in laminar flows of pseudoplastic fluids are presented in the article. It is concluded that, for practical purposes, using a modified particle Reynolds number that includes the consistency coefficient and the flow index, the motion threshold condition is well defined by the Shields diagram, with a slight modification to that presented by Mantz for low Reynolds numbers. The range of particle Reynolds numbers covered in the study was from 0.026–12.56.
Multicenter cohort study on the survival time of cancer patients dying at home or in a hospital: Does place matter?
Authors: Hamano Jun , Yamaguchi Takashi , Maeda Isseki , Suga Akihiko , Hisanaga Takayuki , Ishihara Tatsuhiko , Iwashita Tomoyuki , Kaneishi Keisuke , Kawagoe Shohei , Kuriyama Toshiyuki , Maeda Takashi , Mori Ichiro , Nakajima Nobuhisa , Nishi Tomohiro , Sakurai Hiroki , Shimoyama Satofumi , Shinjo Takuya , Shirayama Hiroto , Yamada Takeshi , Morita Tatsuya 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUNDAlthough the place of death has a great influence on the quality of death and dying for cancer patients, whether the survival time differs according to the place of death is unclear. The primary aim of this study was to explore potential differences in the survival time of cancer patients dying at home or in a hospital.METHODSThis multicenter, prospective cohort study was conducted in Japan from September 2012 through April 2014 and involved 58 specialist palliative care services.RESULTSAmong the 2426 patients recruited, 2069 patients were analyzed for this study: 1582 receiving hospital‐based palliative care and 487 receiving home‐based palliative care. A total of 1607 patients actually died in a hospital, and 462 patients died at home. The survival of patients who died at home was significantly longer than the survival of patients who died in a hospital in the days' prognosis group (estimated median survival time, 13 days [95% confidence interval (CI), 10.3‐15.7 days] vs 9 days [95% CI, 8.0‐10.0 days]; P = .006) and in the weeks' prognosis group (36 days [95% CI, 29.9‐42.1 days] vs 29 days [95% CI, 26.5‐31.5 days]; P = .007) as defined by Prognosis in Palliative Care Study predictor model A. No significant difference was identified in the months' prognosis group. Cox proportional hazards analysis revealed that the place of death had a significant influence on the survival time in both unadjusted (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% CI, 0.78‐0.96; P < .01) and adjusted models (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.77‐0.97; P = .01).CONCLUSIONSIn comparison with cancer patients who died in a hospital, cancer patients who died at home had similar or longer survival. Cancer 2016;122:1453–1460. © 2016 American Cancer Society.
Cocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript peptide (CART) in the brain of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata: Organization, interaction with neuropeptide Y, and response to changes in energy status
Authors: Singh Omprakash , Kumar Santosh , Singh Uday , Kumar Vinod , Lechan Ronald M. , Singru Praful S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCocaine‐ and amphetamine‐regulated transcript (CART) has emerged as a potent anorectic agent. CART is widely distributed in the brain of mammals, amphibians, and teleosts, but the relevant information in avian brain is not available. In birds, CART inhibits food intake, whereas neuropeptide Y (NPY), a well‐known orexigenic peptide, stimulates it. How these neuropeptides interact in the brain to regulate energy balance is not known. We studied the distribution of CART‐immunoreactivity in the brain of zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata, its interaction with NPY, and their response to dynamic energy states. CART‐immunoreactive fibers were found in the subpallium, hypothalamus, midbrain, and brainstem. Conspicuous CART‐immunoreactive cells were observed in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, hypothalamic paraventricular, supraoptic, dorsomedial, infundibular (IN), lateral hypothalamic, Edinger‐Westphal, and parabrachial nuclei. Hypothalamic sections of fed, fasted, and refed animals were immunostained with cFos, NPY, and CART antisera. Fasting dramatically increased cFos‐ and NPY‐immunoreactivity in the IN, followed by rapid reduction by 2 hours and restoration to normal fed levels 6–10 hours after refeeding. CART‐immunoreactive fibers in IN showed a significant reduction during fasting and upregulation with refeeding. Within the IN, double immunofluorescence revealed that 94 ± 2.1% of NPY‐immunoreactive neurons were contacted by CART‐immunoreactive fibers and 96 ± 2.8% NPY‐immunoreactive neurons expressed cFos during fasting. Compared to controls, superfused hypothalamic slices of fasted birds treated with CART‐peptide showed a significant reduction (P < 0.001) in NPY‐immunoreactivity in the IN. As in other vertebrates, CART in the brain of T. guttata may perform several functions, and has a particularly important role in the hypothalamic regulation of energy homeostasis. J. Comp. Neurol. 524:3014–3041, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A comprehensive computational human lung model incorporating inter‐acinar dependencies: Application to spontaneous breathing and mechanical ventilation
Authors: Roth Christian J. , Ismail Mahmoud , Yoshihara Lena , Wall Wolfgang A. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryIn this article, we propose a comprehensive computational model of the entire respiratory system, which allows simulating patient‐specific lungs under different ventilation scenarios and provides a deeper insight into local straining and stressing of pulmonary acini. We include novel 0D inter‐acinar linker elements to respect the interplay between neighboring alveoli, an essential feature especially in heterogeneously distended lungs. The model is applicable to healthy and diseased patient‐specific lung geometries. Presented computations in this work are based on a patient‐specific lung geometry obtained from computed tomography data and composed of 60,143 conducting airways, 30,072 acini, and 140,135 inter‐acinar linkers. The conducting airways start at the trachea and end before the respiratory bronchioles. The acini are connected to the conducting airways via terminal airways and to each other via inter‐acinar linkers forming a fully coupled anatomically based respiratory model. Presented numerical examples include simulation of breathing during a spirometry‐like test, measurement of a quasi‐static pressure–volume curve using a supersyringe maneuver, and volume‐controlled mechanical ventilation. The simulations show that our model incorporating inter‐acinar dependencies successfully reproduces physiological results in healthy and diseased states. Moreover, within these scenarios, a deeper insight into local pressure, volume, and flow rate distribution in the human lung is investigated and discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced multiplexing in mass cytometry using osmium and ruthenium tetroxide species
Authors: Catena Raúl , Özcan Alaz , Zivanovic Nevena , Bodenmiller Bernd 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMass cytometry facilitates high‐dimensional, quantitative, single‐cell analysis. The method for sample multiplexing in mass cytometry, called mass‐tag cellular barcoding (MCB), relies on the covalent reaction of bifunctional metal chelators with intracellular proteins. Here, we describe the use of osmium and ruthenium tetroxides (OsO4 and RuO4) that bind covalently with fatty acids in the cellular membranes and aromatic amino acids in proteins. Both OsO4 and RuO4 rapidly reacted and allowed for MCB with live cells, crosslinked cells, and permeabilized cells. Given the covalent nature of the labeling reaction, isotope leaching was not observed. OsO4 and RuO4 were used in a 20‐sample barcoding protocol together with palladium isotopes. As mass channels occupied by osmium and ruthenium are not used for antibody detection the number of masses effectively utilized in a single experiment is expanded. OsO4 and RuO4 can therefore be used as MCB reagents for a wide range of mass cytometry workflows. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Speaking of that: Terms to avoid or reconsider in the eating disorders field
Authors: Weissman Ruth S. , Becker Anne E. , Bulik Cynthia M. , Frank Guido K.W. , Klump Kelly L. , Steiger Howard , Strober Michael , Thomas Jennifer , Waller Glenn , Walsh B. Timothy 
Published: March 2016

AbstractInspired by an article on 50 terms that, in the interest of clarity in scientific reasoning and communication in psychology, psychiatry, and allied fields, “should be avoided or at most be used sparingly and only with explicit caveats,”1 we propose a list of terms to avoid or think twice about before using when writing for the International Journal of Eating Disorders (IJED). Drawing upon our experience as reviewers or editors for the IJED, we generated an abridged list of such terms. For each term, we explain why it made our list and what alternatives we recommend. We hope that our list will contribute to improved clarity in scientific thinking about eating disorders, and that it will stimulate discussion of terms that may need to be reconsidered in our field's vocabulary to ensure the use of language that is respectful and sensitive to individuals who experience an eating disorder. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.(Int J Eat Disord 2016; 49:349–353)
Jet flow over foredunes
Authors: Hesp Patrick A. , Smyth Thomas A. G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractJet flows, which are localized flows exhibiting a high speed maxima, are relatively common in nature, and in many devices. They have only been occasionally observed on dunes, and their dynamics are poorly known. This paper examines computational fluid dynamic (CFD) two‐dimensional (2D) modelling of jet flow over a foredune topography. Flow was simulated in 10° increments from onshore (0°) to highly oblique alongshore (70°) incident wind approach angles. CFD modelling reveals that the formation of a jet is not dependent on a critical wind speed, and an increase in incident wind velocity does not affect the magnitude of jet flow. A jet is first formed at ~1.0 m seawards of the foredune crest on the Prince Edward Island foredune morphology example examined here. A jet is not developed when the incident wind is from an oblique approach angle greater than ~50° because there is significantly less flow acceleration across a much lower slope at this incident angle. The presence of a scarp does influence the structure of the crest jet, in that the jet is more pronounced where a scarp is present. Surface roughness affects the magnitude of jet expansion and jets are better developed on bare surfaces compared to vegetated ones. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Alleviation of environmental risks associated with severely contaminated mine tailings using amendments: Modeling of trace element speciation, solubility, and plant accumulation
Authors: Pardo Tania , Bes Cleménce , Bernal Maria Pilar , Clemente Rafael 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

Tailings are considered one of the most relevant sources of contamination associated with mining activities. Phytostabilization of mine spoils may need the application of the adequate combination of amendments to facilitate plant establishment and reduce their environmental impact. Two pot experiments were set up to assess the capability of 2 inorganic materials (calcium carbonate and a red mud derivate, ViroBindTM), alone or in combination with organic amendments, for the stabilization of highly acidic trace element–contaminated mine tailings using Atriplex halimus. The effects of the treatments on tailings and porewater physico-chemical properties and trace-element accumulation by the plants, as well as the processes governing trace elements speciation and solubility in soil solution and their bioavailability were modeled. The application of the amendments increased tailings pH and decreased (&gt;99%) trace elements solubility in porewater, but also changed the speciation of soluble Cd, Cu, and Pb. All the treatments made A. halimus growth in the tailings possible; organic amendments increased plant biomass and nutritional status, and reduced trace-element accumulation in the plants. Tailings amendments modified trace-element speciation in porewater (favoring the formation of chlorides and/or organo-metallic forms) and their solubility and plant uptake, which were found to be mainly governed by tailing/porewater pH, electrical conductivity, and organic carbon content, as well as soluble/available trace-element concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2874–2884. © 2016 SETAC
Impacts of Deepwater Horizon crude oil exposure on adult mahi-mahi (Coryphaena hippurus) swim performance
Authors: Stieglitz John D. , Mager Edward M. , Hoenig Ronald H. , Benetti Daniel D. , Grosell Martin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract

The temporal and geographic attributes of the Deepwater Horizon incident in 2010 likely exposed pelagic game fish species, such as mahi-mahi, to crude oil. Although much of the research assessing the effects of the spill has focused on early life stages of fish, studies examining whole-animal physiological responses of adult marine fish species are lacking. Using swim chamber respirometry, the present study demonstrates that acute exposure to a sublethal concentration of the water accommodated fraction of Deepwater Horizon crude oil results in significant swim performance impacts on young adult mahi-mahi, representing the first report of acute sublethal toxicity on adult pelagic fish in the Gulf of Mexico following the spill. At an exposure concentration of 8.4 ± 0.6 µg L−1 sum of 50 selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; mean of geometric means ± standard error of the mean), significant decreases in the critical and optimal swimming speeds of 14% and 10%, respectively (p &lt; 0.05), were observed. In addition, a 20% reduction in the maximum metabolic rate and a 29% reduction in aerobic scope resulted from exposure to this level of ΣPAHs. Using environmentally relevant crude oil exposure concentrations and a commercially and ecologically valuable Gulf of Mexico fish species, the present results provide insight into the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on adult pelagic fish. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2613–2622. © 2016 SETAC
A parallel adaptive numerical method with generalized curvilinear coordinate transformation for compressible Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Gao X. , Owen L. D. , Guzik S. M. J. 
Published: March 2016

SummaryA fourth‐order finite‐volume method for solving the Navier–Stokes equations on a mapped grid with adaptive mesh refinement is proposed, implemented, and demonstrated for the prediction of unsteady compressible viscous flows. The method employs fourth‐order quadrature rules for evaluating face‐averaged fluxes. Our approach is freestream preserving, guaranteed by the way of computing the averages of the metric terms on the faces of cells. The standard Runge–Kutta marching method is used for time discretization. Solutions of a smooth flow are obtained in order to verify that the method is formally fourth‐order accurate when applying the nonlinear viscous operators on mapped grids. Solutions of a shock tube problem are obtained to demonstrate the effectiveness of adaptive mesh refinement in resolving discontinuities. A Mach reflection problem is solved to demonstrate the mapped algorithm on a non‐rectangular physical domain. The simulation is compared against experimental results. Future work will consider mapped multiblock grids for practical engineering geometries. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Leukostasis in adult acute hyperleukocytic leukemia: a clinician's digest
Authors: Ali Alaa M. , Mirrakhimov Aibek E. , Abboud Camille N. , Cashen Amanda F. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLeukostasis is a poorly understood and life‐threatening complication of acute hyperleukocytic leukemia. The incidence of hyperleukocytosis and leukostasis differs among various subtypes of leukemias. While the pathophysiology of leukostasis is not fully understood, recent research has elucidated many novel pathways that may have therapeutic implications in the future. Respiratory and neurological compromise represents the classical clinical manifestations of leukostasis. If it is not diagnosed and treated rapidly, the one‐week mortality rate is approximately 40%. Targeted induction chemotherapy is an important component of the successful treatment of leukostasis, although other modalities of cytoreduction are being used and investigated. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sclerostin Expression in Bile Ducts of Patients With Chronic Cholestasis May Influence the Bone Disease in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
Authors: Guañabens Núria , Ruiz-Gaspà Silvia , Gifre Laia , Miquel Rosa , Peris Pilar , Monegal Ana , Dubrueil Marta , Arias Ana , Parés Albert 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT

Sclerostin is involved in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis and little is known about its role in the development of bone disease in primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), characterized by low bone formation. Therefore, we have assessed the circulating levels and the liver expression of sclerostin in this cholestatic disease. Serum sclerostin levels were measured in 79 women with PBC (mean age 60.6 ± 1.2 years) and in 80 control women. Lumbar and femoral bone mineral density (BMD), as well as parameters of mineral metabolism and bone remodeling, were measured. Moreover, sclerostin gene (SOST) expression in the liver was assessed by real-time PCR in samples of liver tissue taken by biopsy in 11 PBC patients and in 5 normal liver specimens. Presence and distribution of sclerostin was evaluated in liver slices from 11 patients by immunohistochemistry. The severity of histologic lesions was assessed semiquantitatively in the same liver samples. PBC patients had higher sclerostin levels than controls (75.6 ± 3.9 versus 31.7 ± 1.6 pmol/L, p &lt; 0.001). Serum sclerostin correlated inversely with markers of bone formation and resorption. Sclerostin mRNA in the liver was overexpressed compared with control samples (2.7-fold versus healthy liver). Sclerostin was detected by immunohistochemistry in 7 of the 11 liver samples, mainly located in the bile ducts. Liver sclerostin was associated with the severity of cholangitis (p = 0.02) and indirectly with the degree of lobular inflammation (p = 0.03). Sclerostin mRNA expression was higher in samples that tested positive by immunohistochemistry and particularly in those with lobular granuloma (p = 0.02). The increased expression of sclerostin in the liver and the association with histologic cholangitis may explain the high serum levels of this protein in patients with PBC, thus suggesting that sclerostin may influence the decreased bone formation in this cholestatic disease. © 2016 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Probing the Interaction between Acotiamide Hydrochloride and Pepsin by Multispectral Methods, Electrochemical Measurements, and Docking Studies
Authors: He Jiawei , Ma Xianglin , Wang Qing , Huang Yanmei , Li Hui 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe interaction between acotiamide hydrochloride and pepsin was systematically characterized by fluorescence and electrochemical approaches. Fluorescence lifetime measurements showed that acotiamide hydrochloride quenched the intrinsic fluorescence of pepsin with a new complex formation via static mode, which was reconfirmed by cyclic voltammetry results. Both of the binding number and binding constants were calculated from differential pulse voltammetry analysis and fluorescence spectroscopy. The values obtained from the above two methods displayed a relatively high degree of consistency. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that acotiamide hydrochloride interacted with pepsin spontaneously by hydrogen bonding and van der Waals interactions. These results were consistent with the results obtained from molecular docking analysis. As revealed by synchronous fluorescence, three‐dimensional fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and circular dichroism spectra, acotiamide hydrochloride could affect the microenvironment and slightly change the secondary structure of pepsin. Furthermore, acotiamide hydrochloride can inhibit pepsin activity in vitro, as explained by the molecular docking.
The Multifaceted Osteoclast; Far and Beyond Bone Resorption
Authors: Drissi Hicham , Sanjay Archana 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe accepted function of the bone resorbing cell, osteoclast, has been linked to bone remodeling and pathological osteolysis. Emerging evidence points to novel functions of osteoclasts in controlling bone formation and angiogenesis. Thus, while the concept of a “clastokine” with the potential to regulate osteogenesis during remodeling did not come as a surprise, new evidence provided unique insight into the mechanisms underlying osteoclastic control of bone formation. The question still remains as to whether osteoclast precursors or a unique trap positive mononuclear cell, can govern any aspect of bone formation. The novel paradigm eloquently proposed by leaders in the field brings together the concept of clastokines and osteoclast precursor‐mediated bone formation, potentially though enhanced angiogenesis. These fascinating advances in osteoclast biology have motivated this short review, in which we discuss these new roles of osteoclasts. J. Cell. Biochem. 117: 1753–1756, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.