bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shift work with and without night work as a risk factor for fatigue and changes in sleep length: A cohort study with linkage to records on daily working hours
Authors: Härmä Mikko , Karhula Kati , Puttonen Sampsa , Ropponen Annina , Koskinen Aki , Ojajärvi Anneli , Kivimäki Mika 
Published: January 2018

SummaryWe examined shift work with or without night work as a risk factor for fatigue and short or long sleep. In a prospective cohort study with 4‐ and 6‐year follow‐ups (the Finnish Public Sector study), we linked survey responses of 3,679 full‐time hospital employees on sleep duration and fatigue to records on daily working hours in 2008 (baseline), 2012 and 2014. We used logistic regression to estimate risk ratios and their confidence intervals to examine whether continuous exposure to shift work or changes between shift work and day work were associated with short (≤6.5 hr) or long (≥9.0 hr) sleep over 24 hr and fatigue at work and during free days. Compared with continuous day work and adjusting for age, gender, education and fatigue/sleep duration at baseline, continuous shift work with night shifts was associated with increased fatigue during free days (risk ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.17–1.63) and long sleep (risk ratio = 8.04, 95% confidence interval 2.88–22.5, without adjustment for education) after 6‐year follow‐up. Exposure to shift work without night shifts increased only long sleep after 6 years (risk ratio = 5.87, 95% confidence interval 1.94–17.8). A change from day work to shift work with or without night shifts was associated with an increased risk for long sleep, and a change from shift work to day work with a decreased risk for long sleep and fatigue. This study suggests that irregular shift work is a modifiable risk factor for long sleep and increased fatigue, probably reflecting a higher need for recovery.
Trophic structure of frugivorous bats in the Neotropics: emergent patterns in evolutionary history
Authors: Sánchez Mariano Sebastián , Giannini Norberto Pedro 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Knowing the relative importance of phylogeny in dietary specialisation in frugivorous bats is key to understanding the ecological and evolutionary processes that drove their diversification and to elucidating the mechanisms allowing their coexistence in multispecific assemblages.

We evaluate the trophic structure of frugivorous phyllostomids using multiple data sets collected throughout the Neotropics. Then, we investigate the relationship between trophic and phylogenetic structure of phyllostomids, and evaluate the evolutionary mechanisms driving current resource partitioning in phyllostomid assemblages.

We compiled a data set of 14500 dietary records from 24 well‐studied bat communities in the Neotropics. We recoded data at the plant genus level and composed two new data sets including tropical sites only, and tropical and subtropical sites pooled (i.e. including sites where diversity is significantly reduced). We performed multivariate analyses on both data sets and estimated phylogenetic effects on the dietary patterns.

Dietary structure in both data sets indicated that bat species remained faithful to their core plant taxa. A phylogenetic comparative method selected only a few basal clades from the entire phyllostomid tree that significantly explained the impact of evolutionary history on the observed multivariate patterns. These clades were dated to the middle Miocene, a period of particularly intense geological and environmental changes in the Neotropics. These clades were always younger than the core plant taxa with which they were strongly associated.

Accordingly, the core diet of phyllostomid bats has remained remarkably stable since at least the past 15 My (million years), suggesting a bottom‐up control of the evolution of the bat‐plant interactions in the Neotropics.
Coccidioidomycosis: Imported and possible domestic cases in China: A case report and review, 1958‐2017
Authors: Liang Guanzhao , Shen Yongnian , Lv Guixia , Zheng Hailin , Mei Huan , Zheng Xiaoli , Kong Xue , Blechert Oliver , Li Dongmei , Liu Weida 
Published: January 2018

SummaryWe report a case of imported pulmonary coccidioidomycosis caused by Coccidioides posadasii in a patient who was misdiagnosed as tuberculosis and mistreated with antituberculosis medications for 18 months. The symptoms were not relieved until antifungal treatment was started. An extensive review of the coccidioidomycosis cases occurring in China reveals 38 cases, 16 of which had no associated history of travel to any traditional endemic areas. We speculate that some factors may drive Coccidioides spp. transference to China, which then causes those domestic infections. Moreover, we indicate the first, to the best of our knowledge, possible endemic areas in China.
Salivary proteomics in lichen planus: A relationship with pathogenesis?
Authors: Souza MM , Florezi GP , Nico MMS , de Paula F , Paula FM , Lourenço SV 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesOral lichen planus is a chronic, T‐cell‐mediated, inflammatory disease that affects the oral cavity. The oral lichen planus pathogenesis is still unclear, however, the main evidence is that the mechanisms of activation of different T lymphocyte pathway induce apoptosis with an increase in Th1 and Th17 subtypes cells, triggered by the release of cytokines. This study analysed saliva proteomics to identify protein markers that might be involved in the pathogenesis and development of the disease.Material and MethodsProteins differentially expressed by oral lichen planus and healthy controls were screened using mass spectrometry; the proteins found in oral lichen planus were subjected to bioinformatics analysis, including gene ontology and string networks analysis. The multiplex analysis validation allowed the correlation between the proteins identified and the involved cytokines in Th17 response.ResultsOne hundred and eight proteins were identified in oral lichen planus, of which 17 proteins showed a high interaction between them and indicated an association with the disease. Expression of these proteins was correlated with the triggering of cytokines, more specifically the Th17 cells.ConclusionProteins, such as S100A8, S100A9, haptoglobin, can trigger cytokines and might be associated with a pathological function and antioxidant activities in oral lichen planus.
Exogenous hydrogen sulfide inhibits oral mucosal wound‐induced macrophage activation via the NF‐κB pathway
Authors: Zhuang R , Guo L , Du J , Wang S , Li J , Liu Y 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveThis study includes exploring (i) the production of endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) after mucosal wound generation and (ii) the role of compensating the change in H2S level postmucosal wound generation.Methods and MaterialsA mucosal wound model was established in female C57BL/6J mice. Wound tissues were collected to examine the change in the endogenous H2S level. To examine the effect of decreased H2S, GYY4137 was intraperitoneally injected into mice at 50 mg kg−1 day−1 before mucosal wounding to compensate for the decreased endogenous H2S. Finally, we confirmed the role of GYY4137 in inhibiting the M1 phenotype macrophage activation induced by LPS in peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7.ResultsThe production of endogenous H2S and the expression of cystathionine b‐synthase and cystathionine g‐lyase in vivo were reduced significantly in early stage after wound. GYY4137 significantly inhibited the activation of the M1 phenotype induced by mucosal wound inflammation in vivo and LPS in vitro. Finally, we confirmed that GYY4137 inhibited iNOS expression via the NF‐κB signaling pathway.ConclusionThe exogenous H2S donor GYY4137 compensated for the reduced endogenous H2S postmucosal wound generation and inhibited the induced M1 macrophage activation. Thus, appropriate H2S supplementation may aid in controlling inflammation associated with mucosal wounds.
Reducing intra‐abdominal pressure in peritoneal dialysis patients to avoid transient hemodialysis
Authors: Jegatheswaran Januvi , Warren Jeffrey , Zimmerman Deborah 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPatients treated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) are often required to switch to hemodialysis (HD) temporarily when they develop abdominal wall hernias and dialysate leaks, peritonitis or undergo thoracic or abdominal surgeries. There are significant risks associated with incident hemodialysis including possible central venous catheter infections, thrombosis, and need for invasive procedures. Therefore, strategies to avoid temporary transfer to hemodialysis are desirable. The increased intra‐abdominal pressure associated with PD is largely responsible for the issues requiring withholding PD. However, the high intra‐abdominal pressure, due to dialysate and body position, can be minimized by making changes to the peritoneal dialysis prescription. The lower intra‐abdominal pressure may allow dialysate leaks, hernia repairs, and abdominal incisions time to heal as well as to facilitate earlier resumption of PD after catheter replacement. These strategies help to decrease morbidity and minimize cost to the health care system associated with modality switches and its complications.
Editors’ Introduction: Cognitive Modeling at ICCM: Advancing the State of the Art
Authors: Kennedy William G. , van Vugt Marieke K. , Banks Adrian P. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractCognitive modeling is the effort to understand the mind by implementing theories of the mind in computer code, producing measures comparable to human behavior and mental activity. The community of cognitive modelers has traditionally met twice every 3 years at the International Conference on Cognitive Modeling (ICCM). In this special issue of topiCS, we present the best papers from the ICCM meeting. (The full proceedings are available on the ICCM website.) These best papers represent advances in the state of the art in cognitive modeling. Since ICCM was for the first time also held jointly with the Society for Mathematical Psychology, we use this preface to also reflect on the similarities and differences between mathematical psychology and cognitive modeling.
Clinical therapeutic efficacy of mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of SARDS in dogs—a prospective open‐label pilot study
Authors: Young Whitney M. , Oh Annie , Williams Jonathan G. , Foster Melanie L. , Miller William W. , Lunn Katharine F. , Mowat Freya M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveSudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) is a leading cause of irreversible blindness in dogs, yet no treatment has been objectively evaluated, or proven to be effective. Consensus of opinion is that SARDS is immune‐mediated, although corticosteroid medications may exacerbate associated systemic signs. We examined the effect of sole‐agent treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), a potent immunosuppressive medication unlikely to exacerbate associated systemic signs.Animals studiedTen client‐owned dogs with SARDS prospectively recruited within 6 weeks of vision loss.ProceduresClinical history, findings of systemic and ophthalmic examinations, blood parameters, visual navigation ability, electroretinography, and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were collected at baseline and at recheck after approximately 6 weeks of treatment with 10 mg/kg q 12 h of oral MMF.ResultsTwenty percent of dogs (2/10) experienced side effects (diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy), which resolved with reduction in dose to 8 mg/kg q12 h. No significant changes in systemic signs, physical examination findings, or laboratory test results were detected at the recheck examination. Compared with baseline, visual ability significantly declined at the recheck examination, and the amplitude of a slow‐onset negative waveform noted on dark‐adapted electroretinography was reduced at the recheck examination. The outer retinal layers were significantly thinner at the recheck examination as measured by OCT.ConclusionsMycophenolate mofetil as a sole agent has no measureable positive effect on physical health, vision, or retinal structure following a 6‐week trial period. Further studies are needed to evaluate other treatment options for SARDS.
Draft Genome Sequence of the Endophyte
Bacillus mycoides
Strain GM6LP Isolated from
Lolium perenne
Authors: Wemheuer Franziska , Hollensteiner Jacqueline , Poehlein Anja , Liesegang Heiko , Daniel Rolf , Wemheuer Bernd 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Bacillus mycoides
GM6LP is an endophyte isolated from plant tissues of
Lolium perenne
L. Here, we report its draft genome sequence (6.2 Mb), which contains 96 contigs and 6,129 protein-coding genes. Knowledge about its genome will enable us to evaluate the potential use of GM6LP as a plant growth-promoting bacterium.
Whole-Genome Sequences and Annotation of the Opportunistic Pathogen
Candida albicans
Strain SC5314 Grown under Two Different Environmental Conditions
Authors: Bartelli Thais Fernanda , Bruno Danielle do Carmo Ferreira , Briones Marcelo R. S. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

The genetic variability of the opportunistic pathogen
Candida albicans
is an important adaptive mechanism. Here, we present the whole-genome sequences of the
C. albicans
SC5314 strain under two different growth conditions, providing useful information for comparative genomic studies and further intraspecific analysis.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Lysinibacillus fusiformis
Strain Juneja, a Laboratory-Derived Pathogen of
Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Smith Brittny R. , Unckless Robert L. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Drosophila melanogaster
is a model for the study of innate immunity, yet we have limited knowledge of its natural pathogens. In this study, we sequenced the genome of
Lysinibacillus fusiformis
strain Juneja, isolated from laboratory fly stocks. As a Gram-positive bacterium with unique peptidoglycans, this strain may provide a new model for pathogen recognition.
Genome Sequence of
Hydrogenovibrio
sp. Strain SC-1, a Chemolithoautotrophic Sulfur and Iron Oxidizer
Authors: Neely Christopher , Bou Khalil Charbel , Cervantes Alex , Diaz Raquel , Escobar Angelica , Ho Karen , Hoefler Stephen , Smith Hillary H. , Abuyen Karla , Savalia Pratixaben , Nealson Kenneth H. , Emerson David , Tully Benjamin , Barco Roman A. , Amend Jan 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Hydrogenovibrio
sp. strain SC-1 was isolated from pyrrhotite incubated
in situ
in the marine surface sediment of Catalina Island, CA. Strain SC-1 has demonstrated autotrophic growth through the oxidation of thiosulfate and iron. Here, we present the 2.45-Mb genome sequence of SC-1, which contains 2,262 protein-coding genes.
Natural and Vaccine-Induced Acquisition of Cross-Reactive IgG-Inhibiting ICAM-1-Specific Binding of a Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP1 Subtype Associated Specifically with Cerebral Malaria
Authors: Olsen Rebecca W. , Ecklu-Mensah Gertrude , Bengtsson Anja , Ofori Michael F. , Lusingu John P. A. , Castberg Filip C. , Hviid Lars , Adams Yvonne , Jensen Anja T. R. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT

Cerebral malaria (CM) is a potentially deadly outcome of
Plasmodium falciparum
malaria that is precipitated by sequestration of infected erythrocytes (IEs) in the brain. The adhesion of IEs to brain endothelial cells is mediated by a subtype of parasite-encoded erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) that facilitates dual binding to host intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and endothelial protein receptor C (EPCR). The PfEMP1 subtype is characterized by the presence of a particular motif (DBLβ_motif) in the constituent ICAM-1-binding DBLβ domain. The rate of natural acquisition of DBLβ_motif-specific IgG antibodies and the ability to induce such antibodies by vaccination are unknown, and the aim of this study was to provide such data. We used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure DBLβ-specific IgG in plasma from Ghanaian children with malaria. The ability of human immune plasma and DBLβ-specific rat antisera to inhibit the interaction between ICAM-1 and DBLβ was assessed using ELISA and
in vitro
assays of IE adhesion under flow. The acquisition of DBLβ_motif-specific IgG coincided with age-specific susceptibility to CM. Broadly cross-reactive antibodies inhibiting the interaction between ICAM-1 and DBLβ_motif domains were detectable in immune plasma and in sera of rats immunized with specific DBLβ_motif antigens. Importantly, antibodies against the DBLβ_motif inhibited ICAM-1-specific
in vitro
adhesion of erythrocytes infected by four of five
P. falciparum
isolates from cerebral malaria patients. We conclude that natural exposure to
P. falciparum
as well as immunization with specific DBLβ_motif antigens can induce cross-reactive antibodies that inhibit the interaction between ICAM-1 and a broad range of DBLβ_motif domains. These findings raise hope that a vaccine designed specifically to prevent CM is feasible.
Variations of dietary intake by glycemic status and Hispanic/Latino heritage in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)
Authors: Casagrande Sarah S , Sotres-Alvarez Daniela , Avilés-Santa Larissa , O’Brien Matthew J , Palacios Cristina , Pérez Cynthia M , Reina Samantha A , Wang Xueyin , Qi Qibin , Giachello Aida L , Espinoza Giacinto Rebeca A , Cowie Catherine C 
Published: January 2018

ObjectiveA healthy diet is important for diabetes prevention and control; however, few studies have assessed dietary intake among US Hispanics/Latinos, a diverse population with a significant burden of diabetes. To address this gap in the literature, we determined intake of energy, macro/micronutrients, and vitamin supplements among Hispanics/Latinos by glycemic status and heritage.Research design and methodsCross-sectional study of adults aged 18–74 years from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008–2011) with complete baseline data on glycemic status and two 24-hour dietary recalls (n=13 089). Age-adjusted and sex-adjusted and multivariable-adjusted measures of intake were determined by glycemic status and heritage.ResultsMean age-adjusted and sex-adjusted energy intake was significantly lower among Hispanics/Latinos with diagnosed diabetes compared with those with normal glycemic status (1665 vs 1873 kcal, P<0.001). Fiber intake was higher among those with diagnosed diabetes versus normal glycemic status (P<0.01). Among those with diagnosed diabetes, energy intake was highest among those with Cuban heritage compared with most other heritage groups (P<0.01 for all, except Mexicans), but there was no difference after additional adjustment. Fiber intake was significantly lower for those of Cuban heritage (vs Dominican, Central American, and Mexican), and sodium intake was significantly higher (vs all other heritage groups) (P<0.01 for all); findings were null after additional adjustment. There was no difference in supplemental intake of vitamin D, calcium, magnesium, or potassium by glycemic status.ConclusionsAs part of the care of Hispanics/Latinos with diabetes, attention should be made to fiber and sodium consumption.
Reciprocal inhibition between motor neurons of the tibialis anterior and triceps surae in humans
Authors: Yavuz Utku Ş. , Negro Francesco , Diedrichs Robin , Farina Dario 
Published: January 2018

Motor neurons innervating antagonist muscles receive reciprocal inhibitory afferent inputs to facilitate the joint movement in the two directions. The present study investigates the mutual transmission of reciprocal inhibitory afferent inputs between the tibialis anterior (TA) and triceps surae (soleus and medial gastrocnemius) motor units. We assessed this mutual mechanism in large populations of motor units for building a statistical distribution of the inhibition amplitudes during standardized input to the motor neuron pools to minimize the effect of modulatory pathways. Single motor unit activities were identified using high-density surface electromyography (HDsEMG) recorded from the TA, soleus (Sol), and medial gastrocnemius (GM) muscles during isometric dorsi- and plantarflexion. Reciprocal inhibition on the antagonist muscle was elicited by electrical stimulation of the tibial (TN) or common peroneal nerves (CPN). The probability density distributions of reflex strength for each muscle were estimated to examine the strength of mutual transmission of reciprocal inhibitory input. The results showed that the strength of reciprocal inhibition in the TA motor units was fourfold greater than for the GM and the Sol motor units. This suggests an asymmetric transmission of reciprocal inhibition between ankle extensor and flexor muscles. This asymmetry cannot be explained by differences in motor unit type composition between the investigated muscles since we sampled low-threshold motor units in all cases. Therefore, the differences observed for the strength of inhibition are presumably due to a differential reciprocal spindle afferent input and the relative contribution of nonreciprocal inhibitory pathways. NEW & NOTEWORTHY We investigated the mutual transmission of reciprocal inhibition in large samples of motor units using a standardized input (electrical stimulation) to the motor neurons. The results demonstrated that the disynaptic reciprocal inhibition exerted between ankle flexor and extensor muscles is asymmetric. The functional implication of asymmetric transmission may be associated with the neural strategies of postural control.
Treatment-Related Adverse Events Predict Improved Clinical Outcome in NSCLC Patients on KEYNOTE-001 at a Single Center
Authors: Lisberg Aaron , Tucker D. Andrew , Goldman Jonathan W. , Wolf Brian , Carroll James , Hardy Ariana , Morris Karolyn , Linares Paulina , Adame Carlos , Spiegel Marshall L. , Wells Courtney , McKenzie Jordan , Ledezma Blanca , Mendenhall Melody , Abarca Phillip , Bornazyan Krikor , Hunt Jaime , Moghadam Nima , Chong Natalie , Nameth Danielle , Marx Caitlin , Madrigal John , Vangala Sitaram , Shaverdian Narek , Elashoff David , Garon Edward B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe retrospectively analyzed non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients from a single center treated with pembrolizumab on the KEYNOTE-001 trial and evaluated the association between treatment-related adverse events (trAEs) and clinical outcomes. Investigators reported AEs on trial and graded them according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v4.0, labeling them as unlikely, possibly, or probably treatment-related. AEs labeled as possibly/probably related were considered trAEs for this analysis. The relationship between the incidence of a trAE and clinical outcomes was evaluated. Ninety-seven NSCLC patients treated on KEYNOTE-001 at the University of California, Los Angeles were evaluated. Ten percent (85/826) of AEs were trAEs, occurring in 40% (39/97) of patients. The most frequent trAEs were rash (21% patients), fatigue (6% patients), and hypothyroidism (6% patients). The 39 patients that experienced a trAE had increased objective response rate (ORR, 38.5%), progression-free survival (PFS: median, 248 days), and overall survival (OS: median, 493 days), compared with the 58 patients that did not (ORR: 8.9%, PFS: median 60 days, OS: median 144.5 days). The observed association between trAEs and improved clinical outcome persisted when using Cox proportional hazards regression models to assess the confounding effect of covariates and mitigate guarantee-time bias. The association also remained when data were substratified by grade, degree of association, and treatment-related select AE designation. This single-center analysis revealed that trAEs predicted for improved clinical outcome with pembrolizumab, and when controlling for guarantee-time bias and plausible confounders, this association remained. This observed relationship adds to our understanding of anti–PD-1 therapy and could aid clinicians in identifying patients most likely to benefit from therapy. Cancer Immunol Res; 6(3); 288–94. ©2018 AACR.