bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) vinyl acetate)s: A Versatile Class of Thermoresponsive and Biocompatible Polymers
Authors: Hedir Guillaume G. , Arno Maria C. , Langlais Marvin , Husband Jonathan T. , O'Reilly Rachel K. , Dove Andrew P. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPolymers with a thermally triggered phase transition are important in the design of materials for biological applications, where their behavior can be used to trigger release or (dis)assembly events. Despite their advantages, a system with tunable thermal response, end‐group reactive sites, low toxicity, and controlled main‐chain degradability has not been realized, yet this would be a significant advance. The versatile new poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) vinyl acetate)s are presented with excellent control over their molecular properties obtained through RAFT/MADIX polymerization. Furthermore, we demonstrate structure‐controlled thermal transitions, conjugation to human lysozyme through the retained end‐group, and moreover show that this class of polymers can uniquely be copolymerized with 2‐methylene‐1,3‐dioxepane (MDO) to generate polymers in which the degradability and cloud point can be independently tuned to create materials that display the same cloud point but degrade differently.
Reversible Photothermal Isomerization of Carborane‐Fused Azaborole to Borirane: Synthesis and Reactivity of Carbene‐Stabilized Carborane‐Fused Borirane
Authors: Wang Hao , Zhang Jiji , Xie Zuowei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA fully reversible photothermal isomerization between carborane‐fused trigonal‐planar azaborole (dark‐purple) and tetrahedral borirane (pale‐yellow) has been observed, leading to the isolation and structural characterization of the first example of carborane‐fused borirane. DFT calculations indicate that the azaborole is thermodynamically more stable than the borirane by 11.2 kcal mol−1, and the energy barrier for the thermal conversion from azaborole to borirane is 35.5 kcal mol−1. The reactivity studies show that the B−C(cage) bond in borirane can be broken in the reaction with CuCl, HCl, or elemental sulfur.
Archipelago Los Roques: A potential baseline for reef fish assemblages in the southern Caribbean
Authors: Elise Simon , Urbina‐Barreto Isabel , Boadas‐Gil Hazael , Galindo‐Vivas Miguel , Arias‐González Jesús Ernesto , Floeter Sergio Ricardo , Friedlander Alan Marc , Nemeth Michael , Kulbicki Michel 
Published: June 2017

Abstract1. Despite increasing policies of protection, few localities in the Caribbean remain spared from human impacts. These lightly affected areas can better reflect the past composition of reef fish assemblages and provide baseline information about the natural factors driving fish distributions in the region.2. Reef fish assemblage structures were analysed in 21 Caribbean fished areas and marine protected areas (MPAs) along a gradient of distance to the nearest major market place. Assemblage structures by size and by trophic group were significantly related to the distance to market.3. Relationships of reef fish life‐history traits, families, and vulnerability indicators were examined with the seascape and the benthic composition at Los Roques Archipelago, the most isolated MPA in the analysis. Factors linked to seascape features were more important than benthic composition or human activities in explaining fish assemblage structure.4. Wave exposure was the most influential seascape metric. Exposed habitats were dominated by octocorals and sponges. More sheltered habitats were characterized by high coral cover, while leeward sites were characterized by steep slopes with close proximity to deeper water.5. Exposed habitats were mostly occupied by unspecialized fish species. Piscivore densities were high at south and south‐west sites, and were likely related to the large concentrations of planktivorous fishes found there. South and south‐west sites experience full oceanic conditions, and supported the highest species richness and densities within the archipelago.6. Los Roques National Park is one of the oldest and most remote Caribbean MPAs. Its fish assemblage structure is healthier than other fished or protected areas, with higher species richness, higher density of piscivores, and an abundance of large species. Predator–prey relationships provided additional evidence that Los Roques reef fish assemblage presented specific characteristics.7. The main patterns observed in this study represent a baseline for assessing reef fish assemblages elsewhere in the southern Caribbean.
Kittiwake breeding success in the southern North Sea correlates with prior sandeel fishing mortality
Authors: Carroll Matthew J. , Bolton Mark , Owen Ellie , Anderson Guy Q.A. , Mackley Elizabeth K. , Dunn Euan K. , Furness Robert W. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract

In the North Sea, sandeels provide a vital food source for breeding seabirds, but are also the target of an industrial fishery. GPS tracking suggests that the most productive fishing grounds overlap with foraging areas of black‐legged kittiwakes from eastern England, raising the prospect that the fishery could affect the birds. Rising sea temperatures also threaten sandeels, so kittiwake food supplies could be affected by local and larger‐scale processes.
Drivers of kittiwake breeding success at Flamborough Head and Bempton Cliffs Special Protection Area, the UK's largest colony, and one of the closest to the sandeel fishing grounds, were examined. Relationships between sandeel stocks, sea surface temperature and kittiwake breeding success were analysed with generalized linear mixed models and generalized linear models, with model performance assessed using the Akaike Information Criterion and R2.
Higher kittiwake breeding success was associated with higher sandeel spawning stock biomass (SSB; biomass of sexually mature fish) the preceding winter (R2 = 21.5%) and lower sandeel fishing mortality two years previously (R2 = 22.3%). After temporal trends were removed, only the fishing mortality effect remained. Models with multiple predictors supported the importance of fishing mortality. Higher sandeel SSB was associated with lower temperatures (R2 = 15.2–38.6%) and lower sandeel fishing mortality (R2 = 24.2–26.1%).
Hence, lower temperatures and fishing mortality were positively associated with sandeel biomass, and higher sandeel biomass and lower fishing mortality were positively associated with kittiwake productivity. In light of worsening environmental conditions and declining sandeel and kittiwake populations, careful consideration should be given to the requirements of sandeel‐dependent predators when making fishery management decisions.
Cross‐site randomized control trial of the Social ABCs caregiver‐mediated intervention for toddlers with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Brian Jessica A. , Smith Isabel M. , Zwaigenbaum Lonnie , Bryson Susan E. 
Published: June 2017

To evaluate the efficacy of the Social ABCs parent‐mediated intervention for toddlers with suspected or confirmed autism spectrum disorder (ASD), through a cross‐site randomized control trial, sixty‐three parent–toddler dyads (toddler age: 16–30 months) were randomized into treatment (Social ABCs) or control (service‐as‐usual) conditions. Video data were obtained at three key time‐points: Baseline; Post‐training (PT; week 12); and Follow‐Up (week 24). Analyses included 62 dyads. Treatment allocation significantly accounted for PT gains, all favouring the Treatment group, in (1) child functional vocal responsiveness to parent prompts (R2 = 0.43, P < .001), (2) child vocal initiations (R2 = 0.28, P < .001), (3) parent smiling (R2 = 0.09, P = .017), and (4) fidelity of implementation (R2 = 0.71, P < .001). A trend was observed for increased social orienting (R2 = 0.06, P = 0.054); gains in parent smiling significantly predicted increases in child smiling and social orienting. Parents in the treatment condition reported significant gains in self‐efficacy following the intervention (P = 0.009). No differential effects emerged for performance on standardized measures. The Social ABCs is a relatively low‐resource, efficacious intervention, with potential to be a cost‐effective means of intervening at the first signs of possible ASD. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1700–1711. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Clinical Trial Title: Social ABCs for Toddlers with Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder: RCT of a Parent‐Mediated Intervention http//ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02428452.
A novel protein‐engineered hepatocyte growth factor analog released via a shear‐thinning injectable hydrogel enhances post‐infarction ventricular function
Authors: Steele Amanda N. , Cai Lei , Truong Vi N. , Edwards Bryan B. , Goldstone Andrew B. , Eskandari Anahita , Mitchell Aaron C. , Marquardt Laura M. , Foster Abbygail A. , Cochran Jennifer R. , Heilshorn Sarah C. , Woo Y. Joseph 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTIn the last decade, numerous growth factors and biomaterials have been explored for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). While pre‐clinical studies have demonstrated promising results, clinical trials have been disappointing and inconsistent, likely due to poor translatability. In the present study, we investigate a potential myocardial regenerative therapy consisting of a protein‐engineered dimeric fragment of hepatocyte growth factor (HGFdf) encapsulated in a shear‐thinning, self‐healing, bioengineered hydrogel (SHIELD). We hypothesized that SHIELD would facilitate targeted, sustained intramyocardial delivery of HGFdf thereby attenuating myocardial injury and post‐infarction remodeling. Adult male Wistar rats (n = 45) underwent sham surgery or induction of MI followed by injection of phosphate buffered saline (PBS), 10 μg HGFdf alone, SHIELD alone, or SHIELD encapsulating 10 μg HGFdf. Ventricular function, infarct size, and angiogenic response were assessed 4 weeks post‐infarction. Treatment with SHIELD + HGFdf significantly reduced infarct size and increased both ejection fraction and borderzone arteriole density compared to the controls. Thus, sustained delivery of HGFdf via SHIELD limits post‐infarction adverse ventricular remodeling by increasing angiogenesis and reducing fibrosis. Encapsulation of HGFdf in SHIELD improves clinical translatability by enabling minimally‐invasive delivery and subsequent retention and sustained administration of this novel, potent angiogenic protein analog. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 2379–2389. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Hybrid Pharmacophoric Approach in the Design and Synthesis of Coumarin Linked Pyrazolinyl as Urease Inhibitors, Kinetic Mechanism and Molecular Docking
Authors: Saeed Aamer , Mahesar Parvez Ali , Channar Pervaiz Ali , Larik Fayaz Ali , Abbas Qamar , Hassan Mubashir , Raza Hussain , Seo Sung‐Yum 
Published: June 2017

The current research article reports the synthesis of coumarinyl pyrazolinyl thioamide derivatives and their biological activity as inhibitors of jack bean urease. The coumarinyl pyrazolinyl thioamides were synthesized by reacting thiosemicarbazide with newly synthesized chalcones to afford the products in good yields and the synthesized compounds were purified by recrystallization. Coumarinyl pyrazolinyl thioamide derivatives 5a – 5q showed significant activity against Urease enzyme and also exhibited good antioxidant potential. The compound 3‐(2‐oxo‐2H‐chromen‐3‐yl)‐5‐phenyl‐4,5‐dihydro‐1H‐pyrazole‐1‐carbothioamide (5n) was found to be superior agent in the series with an IC50 = 0.358 ± 0.017 μm compared to standard thiourea with an IC50 = 4720 ± 174 μm. To undermine the binding mode of inhibition kinetic studies were performed for most potent derivative and it was found that compound 5n inhibits urease enzyme by non‐competitive mode of inhibition. Molecular docking studies were carried out to delineate the binding affinity of the synthesized derivatives.
A Boronic Acid Assay for the Detection of Mucin‐1 Glycoprotein from Cancer Cells
Authors: Zhang Xiaoyu , Zhang Shiqiang , Baek Seung Joon , Best Michael D. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCell surface glycoproteins are commonly aberrant in disease and act as biomarkers that facilitate diagnostics. Mucin‐1 (MUC1) is a prominent example, exhibiting truncated glycosylation in cancer. We present herein a boronic acid microplate assay for sensitive and high‐throughput detection of such glycoproteins. The immobilization of biotin–boronic acid 1 onto streptavidin plates generated a multivalent surface for glycoprotein recruitment and detection. We first validated the binding properties of 1 in solution through titrations with alizarin dye. Next, the microplate assay was explored through horseradish peroxidase (HRP) analysis as a proof‐of‐concept glycoprotein with chemiluminescence detection. Finally, this platform was applied for the detection of MUC1 directly from MCF‐7 human breast cancer cell lysates by using an HRP‐tagged antibody that targets the cancerous form of this glycoprotein. Sensitive, dose‐dependent detection of MUC1 was observed, showcasing the efficacy of this platform for detecting disease‐associated glycoproteins.
Preparation of High‐Performance Membranes Derived from Poly(4‐methyl‐1‐pentene)/Zinc Oxide Particles
Authors: Saeedi Dehaghani Amir Hossein , Pirouzfar Vahid 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe efficiency of gas separation by mixed‐matrix membranes (MMMs) derived from poly(4‐methyl‐1‐pentene) (PMP) filled by zinc oxide nanoparticles is investigated. The membranes are prepared by the solvent evaporation method. The zinc oxide nanoparticles are loaded at different weight percentages. The results reveal that adding zinc oxide nanoparticles at all loading percentages of the nanoparticles increases the selectivity of all gas pairs such as O2/N2, CO2/CH4, and CO2/N2. Furthermore, the CO2 permeability in PMP‐zinc oxide MMMs was significantly improved when increasing the feed pressure.
Ranking LGBT inclusion: Diversity ranking systems as institutional archetypes
Authors: Tayar Mark 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis article discusses rankings that evaluate diversity and inclusion programs for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) employees. Rankings promote LGBT issues and reward organizations who work towards “best practice” with a high rating. However, rankings only legitimize one set of practices and often fail to give small organizations a clear path towards inclusion. Corporations are warned against checklist‐based diversity where rankings reward superficial rather than substantive change. Within new institutional theory, the concept of “distorted institutional fit” is introduced to explain distortions preventing “optimal institutional fit.” This article recommends a reprioritization of diversity program evaluations to reward only substantive change by evaluating the impact on the lived experiences of employees. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Think leader, think heterosexual male? The perceived leadership effectiveness of gay male leaders
Authors: Morton John W. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractApplying a framework of leadership categorization theory, I examined the leadership perceptions of heterosexual and gay male leaders. A significant interaction was found between participants' homonegativity and the sexual orientation of the target leader (heterosexual male or gay male) for the variable of leadership effectiveness. For participants who were less homonegative, there were no significant differences between evaluations of heterosexual and gay male leaders. However, individuals who were more homonegative evaluated the gay male leader more negatively than they did the heterosexual male leader. Implications of these findings for leaders with a minority sexual orientation and their organizations are discussed. Copyright © 2017 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Performance of Aptima and Cobas HPV testing platforms in detecting high‐grade cervical dysplasia and cancer
Authors: Ge Yimin , Christensen Paul , Luna Eric , Armylagos Donna , Schwartz Mary R. , Mody Dina R. 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUNDHuman papillomavirus (HPV) tests and genotyping have been used in clinical risk assessment. The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of 2 common HPV testing platforms in detecting high‐grade cervical lesions (high‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [HSIL] or worse [≥HSIL]).METHODSBetween January 1 and December 31, 2015, 2041 Papanicolaou (Pap) tests with biopsy confirmation were analyzed along with HPV tests performed on Cobas or Aptima platforms. A biopsy diagnosis of grade 2 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia was confirmed with p16/Ki‐67 immunohistochemistry.RESULTSIn total, 1866 and 175 Pap cases were tested on Cobas and Aptima platforms, respectively. Both platforms were highly sensitive (97% for both) for biopsy‐confirmed ≥HSIL. Cobas HPV testing had higher positive rates for the diagnosis of benign lesions (84% vs 51%) and low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (89% vs 63%) on biopsy compared with Aptima. Aptima testing had significantly higher specificity for ≥HSIL than Cobas (41% vs 13%; P < .0001). Overall, performance of the Aptima platform was superior to that of the Cobas platform in detecting biopsy‐confirmed ≥HSIL, resulting from its significantly higher positive predictive value (25% vs 16%; P < .03) and overall accuracy (50% vs 26%; P < .0001).CONCLUSIONSAlthough both the Cobas and Aptima platforms offer highly sensitive tests for high‐grade cervical lesions, Aptima HPV testing demonstrated significantly higher specificity and positive predictive value than Cobas testing for biopsy‐confirmed ≥HSIL. The considerable difference may be related to the significant increase in E6/E7 expression after HPV DNA integration. The significantly higher specificity and overall accuracy of Aptima testing for ≥HSIL, resulting in the identification of high‐risk populations that require immediate treatment and close follow‐up, may prove useful in clinical risk stratification. Cancer Cytopathol 2017;125:652‐7. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Sex‐biased dispersal and spatial heterogeneity affect landscape resistance to gene flow in fisher
Authors: Tucker Jody M. , Allendorf Fred W. , Truex Richard L. , Schwartz Michael K. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGenetic connectivity results from the dispersal and reproduction of individuals across landscapes. Mammalian populations frequently exhibit sex‐biased dispersal, but this factor has rarely been addressed in individual‐based landscape genetics research. In this study, we evaluate the effects of sex‐biased dispersal and landscape heterogeneity on genetic connectivity in a small and isolated population of fisher (Pekania pennanti). We genotyped 247 fisher samples collected across the southern Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. We tested for genetic evidence of sex‐biased dispersal using sex‐specific population structure and spatial autocorrelation analyses, and sex‐biased dispersal tests of the assignment index,FST, andFIS. We developed resistance surfaces for eight landscape features hypothesized to affect gene flow and optimized each resistance surface independently by sex. Using multiple regression of distance matrices and an information‐theoretic model selection approach, we fit models of genetic distance to landscape resistance distance separately by sex and geographic region. We found genetic evidence of sex‐biased dispersal with significant differences inFST,FIS, and spatial autocorrelation between sexes. Optimal resistance values differed by sex, and model variables, fit, and parameter estimates varied substantially both between sexes and between geographic regions. We found a stronger relationship between landscape features and genetic distance for females, the philopatric sex, than the more widely dispersing males. Our results show that landscape features influencing gene flow differed by both sex and regional heterogeneity. Conducting analyses by sex and by region allowed for the identification of landscape genetics relationships not discernible when analyzed together. Our results show that failing to account for these factors can confound results and obscure relationships between landscape features and gene flow.
Conditioned pain modulation dampens the thermal grill illusion
Authors: Harper D.E. , Hollins M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe thermal grill illusion (TGI) refers to the perception of burning heat and often pain that arises from simultaneous cutaneous application of innocuous warm and cool stimuli. This study utilized conditioned pain modulation (CPM) to help elucidate the TGI's underlying neural mechanisms, including the debated role of ascending nociceptive signals in generating the illusion.MethodsTo trigger CPM, subjects placed the left hand in noxious cold (6 °C) water before placing the right volar forearm onto a thermal grill. Lower pain and unpleasantness ratings of the grill in this CPM run compared to those in a control run (i.e. 33 °C water) were taken as evidence of CPM. To determine whether CPM reduces noxious heat pain and illusory heat pain equally, an experimental group of subjects rated pain and unpleasantness of a grill consisting of innocuous alternating warm (42 °C) and cool (18 °C) bars, while a control group rated a grill with all bars controlled to a noxious temperature (45 °C).ResultsCPM produced significant and comparable reductions in pain, unpleasantness and perceived heat of both noxious heat and the TGI.ConclusionsThis result suggests that the TGI results from signals in nociceptive dorsal horn convergent neurons, since CPM involves descending inhibition with high selectivity for this neuronal population. More broadly, CPM's ability to produce a shift in perceived thermal sensation of both noxious heat and the TGI from ‘hot’ to ‘warm’ implies that nociceptive signals generated by a cutaneous stimulus can contribute to its perceived thermal intensity.SignificanceConditioned pain modulation reduces the perceived painfulness, unpleasantness and heat of the thermal grill illusion and noxious heat similarly. The results have important theoretical implications for both types of pain.