bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gamma Knife radiosurgery for large vestibular schwannomas greater than 3 cm in diameter
Authors: Huang Cheng-Wei , Tu Hsien-Tang , Chuang Chun-Yi , Chang Cheng-Siu , Chou Hsi-Hsien , Lee Ming-Tsung , Huang Chuan-Fu 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVEStereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is an important alternative management option for patients with small- and medium-sized vestibular schwannomas (VSs). Its use in the treatment of large tumors, however, is still being debated. The authors reviewed their recent experience to assess the potential role of SRS in larger-sized VSs.METHODSBetween 2000 and 2014, 35 patients with large VSs, defined as having both a single dimension > 3 cm and a volume > 10 cm3, underwent Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS). Nine patients (25.7%) had previously undergone resection. The median total volume covered in this group of patients was 14.8 cm3 (range 10.3–24.5 cm3). The median tumor margin dose was 11 Gy (range 10–12 Gy).RESULTSThe median follow-up duration was 48 months (range 6–156 months). All 35 patients had regular MRI follow-up examinations. Twenty tumors (57.1%) had a volume reduction of greater than 50%, 5 (14.3%) had a volume reduction of 15%–50%, 5 (14.3%) were stable in size (volume change < 15%), and 5 (14.3%) had larger volumes (all of these lesions were eventually resected). Four patients (11.4%) underwent resection within 9 months to 6 years because of progressive symptoms. One patient (2.9%) had open surgery for new-onset intractable trigeminal neuralgia at 48 months after GKRS. Two patients (5.7%) who developed a symptomatic cyst underwent placement of a cystoperitoneal shunt. Eight (66%) of 12 patients with pre-GKRS trigeminal sensory dysfunction had hypoesthesia relief. One hemifacial spasm completely resolved 3 years after treatment. Seven patients with facial weakness experienced no deterioration after GKRS. Two of 3 patients with serviceable hearing before GKRS deteriorated while 1 patient retained the same level of hearing. Two patients improved from severe hearing loss to pure tone audiometry less than 50 dB.The authors found borderline statistical significance for post-GKRS tumor enlargement for later resection (p = 0.05, HR 9.97, CI 0.99–100.00). A tumor volume ≥ 15 cm3 was a significant factor predictive of GKRS failure (p = 0.005). No difference in outcome was observed based on indication for GKRS (p = 0.0761).CONCLUSIONSAlthough microsurgical resection remains the primary management choice in patients with VSs, most VSs that are defined as having both a single dimension > 3 cm and a volume > 10 cm3 and tolerable mass effect can be managed satisfactorily with GKRS. Tumor volume ≥ 15 cm3 is a significant factor predicting poor tumor control following GKRS.
Emergency separation of craniopagus twins: case report
Authors: Nejat Farideh , Habibi Zohreh , Goudarzi Mehrdad , Azad Mahdi Souraki , Moradi Ehsan , Heidari Vahid , Kadivar Maliheh , Soltani Zahra Ebrahim , Kouchakzadeh Leila 
Published: July 2017

Craniopagus is a very rare congenital anomaly that tends to affect females more often than males. It is classified as partial or total. Most affected twins are either stillborn or die during the perinatal period. Those who survive birth should undergo detailed radiological evaluations soon after their condition becomes stable so that the precise anatomy of the conjoined part can be defined and surgery can be planned in detail by a multidisciplinary team. Recommendations for decreasing the risk of unsuccessful surgery include performing surgery on an elective basis after extensive preoperative radiological evaluations as well as when the twins are at an acceptable age and weight for a complex surgical separation, generally as staged procedures. In addition, the operation should be performed by a well-equipped expert multidisciplinary team.When one of the conjoined twins dies, however, surgical separation cannot be postponed because the shared circulatory system predisposes the alive child to life-threatening complications, including coagulopathy. The authors report on the successful separation of craniopagus twins performed on an emergency basis at 32 weeks of gestational age because of the sudden death of one of them. At the time of separation surgery, the twins each weighed 1250 g. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the youngest age and lowest weight yet reported for successful surgical separation. The surviving twin developed a pseudomeningocele, which required a second operation and placement of a cystoperitoneal shunt 4 months after the operation. Additional surgery is planned to repair a cranial defect that resulted from the pseudomeningocele, but his general physical and mental condition was otherwise good at latest follow-up (12 months after separation surgery).
Microendoscopic laminotomy versus conventional laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy: 5-year follow-up study
Authors: Minamide Akihito , Yoshida Munehito , Simpson Andrew K. , Yamada Hiroshi , Hashizume Hiroshi , Nakagawa Yukihiro , Iwasaki Hiroshi , Tsutsui Shunji , Okada Motohiro , Takami Masanari , Nakao Shin-ichi 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to characterize the long-term clinical and radiological results of articular segmental decompression surgery using endoscopy (cervical microendoscopic laminotomy [CMEL]) for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and to compare outcomes to conventional expansive laminoplasty (ELAP).METHODSConsecutive patients with CSM who required surgical treatment were enrolled. All enrolled patients (n = 78) underwent CMEL or ELAP. All patients were followed postoperatively for more than 5 years. The preoperative and 5-year follow-up evaluations included neurological assessment (Japanese Orthopaedic Association [JOA] score), JOA recovery rates, axial neck pain (using a visual analog scale), the SF-36, and cervical sagittal alignment (C2–7 subaxial cervical angle).RESULTSSixty-one patients were included for analysis, 31 in the CMEL group and 30 in the ELAP group. The mean preoperative JOA score was 10.1 points in the CMEL group and 10.9 points in the ELAP group (p > 0.05). The JOA recovery rates were similar, 57.6% in the CMEL group and 55.4% in the ELAP group (p > 0.05). The axial neck pain in the CMEL group was significantly lower than that in the ELAP group (p < 0.01). At the 5-year follow-up, cervical alignment was more favorable in the CMEL group, with an average 2.6° gain in lordosis (versus 1.2° loss of lordosis in the ELAP group [p < 0.05]) and lower incidence of postoperative kyphosis.CONCLUSIONSCMEL is a novel, less invasive technique that allows for multilevel posterior cervical decompression for the treatment of CSM. This 5-year follow-up data demonstrates that after undergoing CMEL, patients have similar neurological outcomes to conventional laminoplasty, with significantly less postoperative axial pain and improved subaxial cervical lordosis when compared with their traditional ELAP counterparts.
The Origins of UV–optical Color Gradients in Star-forming Galaxies at z ∼ 2: Predominant Dust Gradients but Negligible sSFR Gradients
Authors: Liu F. S. , Jiang Dongfei , Faber S. M. , Koo David C. , Yesuf Hassen M. , Tacchella Sandro , Mao Shude , Wang Weichen , Guo Yicheng , Fang Jerome J. , Barro Guillermo , Zheng Xianzhong , Jia Meng , Tong Wei , Liu Lu , Meng Xianmin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The rest-frame UV–optical (i.e., NUV − B) color is sensitive to both low-level recent star formation (specific star formation rate—sSFR) and dust. In this Letter, we extend our previous work on the origins of NUV − B color gradients in star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at

to those at

. We use a sample of 1335 large (semimajor axis radius

) SFGs with extended UV emission out to

in the mass range

at

in the CANDELS/GOODS-S and UDS fields. We show that these SFGs generally have negative NUV − B color gradients (redder centers), and their color gradients strongly increase with galaxy mass. We also show that the global rest-frame FUV − NUV color is approximately linear with

, which is derived by modeling the observed integrated FUV to NIR spectral energy distributions of the galaxies. Applying this integrated calibration to our spatially resolved data, we find a negative dust gradient (more dust extinguished in the centers), which steadily becomes steeper with galaxy mass. We further find that the NUV − B color gradients become nearly zero after correcting for dust gradients regardless of galaxy mass. This indicates that the sSFR gradients are negligible and dust reddening is likely the principal cause of negative UV–optical color gradients in these SFGs. Our findings support that the buildup of the stellar mass in SFGs at Cosmic Noon is self-similar inside

.
L’audace de faire simple : les leçons de la Kwid, véhicule indien de Renault-Nissan
Authors: Détourbet Gérard , Midler Christophe , Doz Yves 
Published: July 2017

Devant être conçue et fabriquée en Inde pour concurrencer les modèles les moins chers du marché, la Kwid impliquait de tout réinventer. La simplicité a été recherchée dans les moindres détails, même en dépit des standards. Pour imposer des choix iconoclastes aux maisons mères, il fallait un directeur de projet charismatique et une organisation réactive. Cette histoire dessine une stratégie pour des entreprises globales : partir des exigences de frugalité des marchés émergents pour inventer des solutions qui se propagent ensuite dans le monde. @@Pour concevoir et fabriquer la Kwid en Inde et ainsi concurrencer les modèles les moins chers de ce marché, il fallait tout réinventer. Imposer des choix iconoclastes aux maisons mères demandait un directeur de projet charismatique et une organisation réactive.
A Listeria-Derived Polypeptide Promotes In Vivo Activation of NK Cells for Antitumor Therapy
Authors: Ortiz Amber L , Lenz Laurel L 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Immunotherapies have shown promise in the treatment of cancer, but more potent and targeted therapies are needed. NK cells are lymphocytes with an innate ability to recognize and lyse tumor cells. When activated, they also produce type II IFN-γ to orchestrate the activity of other immune cells. Strategies to elicit NK cell activation in vivo have potential usefulness in antitumor immunotherapies. In this study, we report on a strategy to stimulate NK cell activation and antitumor activity in mice with established B16.F10 murine melanomas. We and others previously observed that NK cells are rapidly activated during infection by pathogens such as the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. A secreted L. monocytogenes virulence protein, p60, and a fragment of p60 termed L1S were previously shown to stimulate innate immune responses and promote NK cell activation. We purified recombinant L1S and characterized its activity in cell culture studies. Recombinant L1S protein was also observed to promote accumulation and robust NK cell activation in the lungs when given via intratracheal instillation to control and tumor-bearing mice. Importantly, therapeutic administration of a single L1S dose was found to significantly reduce the number and area of metastatic tumor nodules on the lungs of mice with established B16.F10 murine melanomas. Depletion studies showed that these antitumor effects were dependent on NK cells and IFN-γ. These data provide proof of concept that administration of a single immune-modulating microbial polypeptide can be used to therapeutically boost NK cell in vivo activation and promote antitumor responses.
Nurses' and doctor's attitude to patient education barriers in Najran armed forces Hospital, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Harrabi Imed , Al Ghamdi Saad , Alinah Xilavi 
Published: July 2017

Objective: We aimed to assess nurses' and doctor's attitude to patient education barriers in Najran Armed Forces Hospital (NAFH).
Materials and methods: This is a cross-sectional study targeting health care professionals in NAFH. The study was conducted during April 2015. The studied participants were all nurses and doctors who work in NAFH. Anonymous self-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on sociodemographic background including age, gender, marital status and professional category. The questionnaire collected data on attitudes to barriers of participation in patient education. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the main qualitative and quantitative variables. Chi-square was used to compare percentages. P-value < 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: A total of 128 nurses (n= 106) and doctors (n= 22) participated in the study. Most of the participants (71.9%) were female. The mean age was 33.8±8.1 years with statistical difference between males and females (36.2±8.8 years among males vs. 32.7 ±7.6 years among females; p=0.03). Participants believed that shortness of time (68.8%), lack of common language and culture for communication with patient (91.6%) and the lack of patient's motivation for learning (85.7%) were the most important causes of insufficiency of patient education.
Conclusion: the exploration of health professional attitudes concerning patient education issues is an essential precursor to a debate about how barriers may be overcome, and about the appropriate skill mix and employment arrangements required to manage health care services in the future.
Second clinical congress of the gulf chapter of the american association of clinical endocrinologists, october, 23rd-25th 2014, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Authors: Beshyah Salem , Al Zahrani Ali , Khalil Aly 
Published: July 2017

These are the advance abstracts of the second clinical congress of the Gulf Chapter of the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists to be held on 23-25 of October 2014. The declared educational objectives of the congress is to give a “state of the art in endocrine practice”. To this end, the organizing committee invited international and regional key opinion leaders to meet the objectives of the congress. We present the abstracts of the congress as submitted by the authors after minimal restyling and editing to suit the publication requirements of the journal. Many major issues and topical themes with wide interests in the profession were addressed in 5 plenary lectures. A clinical practice debate was included to highlight the pros and cons of the recently published lipid lower guidelines from both sides of the Atlantic. More focused issues were included in 12 clinical practice symposia to suite the specific educational needs of the target audience subgroups. Practical issues were addressed in “Meet the Expert”-type of interactive workshops. A selection of free communications from abstracts submitted by delegates, reflecting mostly the regional epidemiology and clinical practice in diabetes care and endocrinology, were selected for presentation as either oral or poster presentations.We hope that by publishing them in this journal we extend the benefit to those who could not make it to the live presentations. The focus of this year's congress included bone health, molecular endocrinology, pituitary and adrenal disease, new advances in diabetes care, nuclear medicine in endocrinology and select topical issues in addition to many other day to day concerns in diabetes care and clinical endocrinology.
The impact of vitamin E supplementation on urinary bladder contractility in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
Authors: Ahmed Marwa , Hassan Asmaa , Ahmed Omyma 
Published: July 2017

Background: To determine whether vitamin E protects streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats from diabetic urinary bladder dysfunction and discover its possible mechanism. Materials and Methods: A total of 40 rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group (A), a diabetic group (B), a group given vitamin Eonly (C), and a diabetic group given vitamin E therapy for 8 weeks (D). Diabetes was induced in the rats by 65 mg/kg streptozosin (STZ) via an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Vitamin E was given in a dose of 50 mg/kg/day i.p. Under urethane anaesthesia (1.2 g/kg) subcutaneously and decapitation, contractile responses to carbachol of detrusor strips in all groups were studied in vitro. The levels of nitrite, nitrate, malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were detected in bladder tissues homogenates. Apoptosis studies were performed by detection of the levels of caspase 3 and cell death detection. Results: The bladder weights were significantly increased (p<0.001) in diabetic groups compared to the other studied groups. Contractile responses to carbachol increased in the diabetic group more than in the other groups (p<0.001). Vitamin E improved the contractile responses of group D and improved them but still significantly higher than those of control group (p < 0.05). Vitamin E treatment decreased the tissue MDA, nitrite, nitrate and GSH levels of group D which were significantly higher in group B than A and C groups (p<0.001). All enzyme activities of group B were significantly lower than those of the other groups, although they increased significantly in group D but still lower than those of A and C groups. However, no significant differences were detected between the levels of GPx and SOD of group D and those of A and C groups.
Conclusions: These data suggest that vitamin E supplementation may be beneficial in delaying the progression of diabetic dysfunction in experimental animal model.
Lidar ratios of stratospheric volcanic ash and sulfate aerosols retrieved from CALIOP measurements
Authors: Prata Andrew T. , Young Stuart A. , Siems Steven T. , Manton Michael J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract. We apply a two-way transmittance constraint to nighttime CALIOP (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization) observations of volcanic aerosol layers to retrieve estimates of the particulate lidar ratio (Sp) at 532 nm. This technique is applied to three volcanic eruption case studies that were found to have injected aerosols directly into the stratosphere. Numerous lidar observations permitted characterization of the optical and geometric properties of the volcanic aerosol layers over a time period of 1–2 weeks. For the volcanic ash-rich layers produced by the Puyehue-Cordón Caulle eruption (June 2011), we obtain mean and median particulate lidar ratios of 69 ± 13 sr and 67 sr, respectively. For the sulfate-rich aerosol layers produced by Kasatochi (August 2008) and Sarychev Peak (June 2009), the means of the retrieved lidar ratios were 66 ± 19 sr (median 60 sr) and 63 ± 14 sr (median 59 sr), respectively. The 532 nm layer-integrated particulate depolarization ratios (δp) observed for the Puyehue layers (δp = 0.33 ± 0.03) were much larger than those found for the volcanic aerosol layers produced by the Kasatochi (δp = 0.09 ± 0.03) and Sarychev (δp = 0.05 ± 0.04) eruptions. However, for the Sarychev layers we observe an exponential decay (e-folding time of 3.6 days) in δp with time from 0.27 to 0.03. Similar decreases in the layer-integrated attenuated colour ratios with time were observed for the Sarychev case. In general, the Puyehue layers exhibited larger colour ratios (χ′ = 0.53 ± 0.07) than what was observed for the Kasatochi (χ′ = 0.35 ± 0.07) and Sarychev (χ′ = 0.32 ± 0.07) layers, indicating that the Puyehue layers were generally composed of larger particles. These observations are particularly relevant to the new stratospheric aerosol subtyping classification scheme, which has been incorporated into version 4 of the level 2 CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) data products.
Hylomorphic Recursion and Non-Decisional Poetics in the Canterbury Tales
Authors: Sharma Manish 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This article begins with an admittedly improbable claim: Chaucerian poetics operates via a process of “hylomorphic recursion.” This phrases means that Chaucer engineers only two elements, Form and Matter, by means of only two relations, Formalist and Materialist. The formalist relation corresponds to medieval realism: universals order particulars. The materialist relation corresponds to medieval nominalism: particulars do not conform to universals. The article deploys this organon to read the Nun's Priest's Tale and propose a new understanding of Chaucer's relationship to the major philosophical positions of the fourteenth century. Critical dispute over the nature of this relationship is unresolved, because Chaucer refuses to decide between realism and nominalism. The article then turns from the Nun's Priest's Tale to condensed readings of the Wife of Bath, the Franklin, the Clerk, and the Pardoner in order to argue that Chaucer has an excellent word for this suspension of decision: love.
EFICIÊNCIA EM CAMPO DE DIFERENTES CONCENTRAÇÕES DE Condylorrhiza vestigiais multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus NO CONTROLE DE Condylorrhiza vestigiais
Authors: Machado Edilene Buturi , Sousa Nilton José , Moscardi Flávio . 
Published: July 2017

O gênero Populus é cultivado no Brasil nos estados do Paraná e Santa Catarina, a área plantada atualmente é cerca de 5.500 ha, a madeira produzida é destinada a produção de caixas e palitos de fósforo. A praga mais importante nestes plantios é a mariposa-do-álamo Condylorrhiza vestigialis (Guenée, 1854) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Entre as opções para o controle deste inseto, a mais promissora é um vírus de ocorrência natural do gênero Alphabaculovirus (NPV de Lepidoptera), espécie Condylorrhiza vestigialis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (CoveMNPV). Testes preliminares com este agente em laboratório indicam que o mesmo é eficiente para o controle de C. vestigiais. Porém não existem informações sobre a eficiência deste em condições de campo, fato que motivou a realização deste trabalho, visando os seguintes objetivos: a) avaliar em teste de campo, a eficiência de diferentes concentrações do vírus CoveMNPV em lagartas de C. vestigialis; b) comparar a eficiência de diferentes concentrações do vírus CoveMNPV, com a eficiência de um inseticida químico comercial (testemunha). Os resultados obtidos indicam que as concentrações virais 3x1011; 6x1011 e 9x1011 poliedros (OBs)/ha provocaram mortalidade de 67,1%, 68,3% e 93,4% respectivamente, para o inseticida químico, metoxifenozida, aplicado a 16,8 g i.a/ha constatou-se 87,9% de mortalidade. Com base nos resultados obtidos concluiu-se que: O maior percentual de mortalidade de lagartas de C. vestigialis é constatado na maior concentração do vírus CoveMNPV testada; a maior concentração do vírus CoveMNPV testada resultou em uma mortalidade de lagartas de C. vestigialis superior à provocada pelo produto químico metoxifenozida.