bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A numerical approach for a class of astrophysics equations using piecewise spectral-variational iteration method
Authors: Heydari Mohammad , Barid Loghmani Ghasem , Wazwaz Abdul-Majid 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The main purpose of this paper is to implement the piecewise spectral-variational iteration method (PSVIM) to solve the nonlinear Lane-Emden equations arising in mathematical physics and astrophysics.

Design/methodology/approach
This method is based on a combination of Chebyshev interpolation and standard variational iteration method (VIM) and matching it to a sequence of subintervals. Unlike the spectral method and the VIM, the proposed PSVIM does not require the solution of any linear or nonlinear system of equations and analytical integration.

Findings
Some well-known classes of Lane-Emden type equations are solved as examples to demonstrate the accuracy and easy implementation of this technique.

Originality/value
In this paper, a new and efficient technique is proposed to solve the nonlinear Lane-Emden equations. The proposed method overcomes the difficulties arising in calculating complicated and time-consuming integrals and terms that are not needed in the standard VIM.
Entropy generation optimization for MHD natural convection of a nanofluid in porous media-filled enclosure with active parts and viscous dissipation
Authors: Mansour M.A. , Ahmed Sameh Elsayed , Chamkha Ali J. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the entropy generation due to magnetohydrodynamic natural convection flow and heat transfer in a porous enclosure filled with Cu-water nanofluid in the presence of viscous dissipation effect. The left and right walls of the cavity are thermally insulated. There are heated and cold parts, and these are placed on the bottom and top wall, respectively, whereas the remaining parts are thermally insulated.

Design/methodology/approach
The finite volume method is used to solve the dimensionless partial differential equations governing the problem. A comparison with previously published woks is presented and is found to be in an excellent agreement.

Findings
The minimization of entropy generation and local heat transfer according to different values of the governing parameters are presented in details. It is found that the presence of magnetic field has negative effects on the local entropy generation because of heat transfer and the local total entropy generation. Also, the increase in the heated part length leads to a decrease in the local Nusselt number.

Originality/value
This problem is original, as it has not been considered previously.
A highly efficient operator-splitting finite element method for 2D/3D nonlinear Allen–Cahn equation
Authors: Xiao Xufeng , Gui Dongwei , Feng Xinlong 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This study aims to present a highly efficient operator-splitting finite element method for the nonlinear two-dimensional/three-dimensional (2D/3D) Allen–Cahn (AC) equation which describes the anti-phase domain coarsening in a binary alloy. This method is presented to overcome the higher storage requirements, computational complexity and the nonlinear term in numerical computation for the 2D/3D AC equation.

Design/methodology/approach
In each time interval, the authors first split the original equation into a heat equation and a nonlinear equation. Then, they split the high-dimensional heat equation into a series of one-dimensional (1D) heat equations. By solving each 1D subproblem, the authors obtain a numerical solution for heat equation and take it as an initial for the nonlinear equation, which is solved analytically.

Findings
The authors show that the proposed method is unconditionally stable. Finally, various numerical experiments are presented to confirm the high accuracy and efficiency of this method.

Originality/value
A new operator-splitting method is presented for solving the 2D/3D parabolic equation. The 2D/3D parabolic equation is split into a sequence of 1D parabolic equations. In comparison with standard finite element method, the present method can save much central processing unit time. Stability analysis and error estimates are derived and numerical results are presented to support the theoretical analysis.
Perceived justice, service satisfaction and behavior intentions following service recovery efforts in a South African retail banking context
Authors: Petzer Daniel J. , De Meyer-Heydenrych Christine F. , Svensson Göran 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The interactional and distributive dimensions of perceived justice as one of its objectives are to reveal the link between perceived justice and service satisfaction (SS). The purpose of this paper is to consider the influence of the perceived justice that South African retail bank customers experience based on the service recovery efforts of these banks in response to their complaints, the customers’ SS, and, consequently, the behavioral intention (BI) toward these banks.

Design/methodology/approach
This study focuses on the perceived justice construct where a service failure has occurred followed by a customer complaint and a resultant service provider response. In total, 281 respondents completed a structured self-administered questionnaire.

Findings
The study found that interactional and distributive justice (DJ) experienced in response to the service recovery efforts of a bank significantly and positively influence SS, and that SS in turn significantly and positively influences the BI of these customers. However, it was found that interactional and DJ had no direct effect on BI.

Research limitations/implications
The research model tested addresses the interfaces between service receivers’ perception of interactional justice, distributional justice and SS as well as the interface between SS and BI. The tested research model indicates that both are interrelated through SS.

Practical implications
It is evident from the findings that retail banks should utilize the service encounter that follows a customer complaint as a desirable prospect to implement strategies to recover from service failures in an effort to bring about perceived justice that will ultimately influence customers’ levels of SS and BI.

Originality/value
This study makes a complementary contribution to previous studies and existing theory building a nomological framework of constructs in service encounters consisting of service receivers’ perceived justice, SS and BI.
Public leadership in the United Arab Emirates: towards a research agenda
Authors: Mathias Megan 
Published: February 2017

PurposeTo date, public leadership has been conceptualised for Western systems while leadership discourse has spread across governments globally. The purpose of this paper is to begin the task of conceptualising public leadership in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), a federal monarchy in the Arabian Gulf, and proposes a forward research agenda.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a qualitative, interview-based design to elicit top government officials’ personal interpretations of the purpose and challenges of public leadership, the practices they engage in, and the arenas across which leadership is performed.FindingsThe study finds that whilst notions of public leadership as conceptualised to date are present, cultural and institutional differences result in distinct localised characteristics that belie the managerial presentation of public leadership. Stimulated by these initial findings, three points of departure for future research are suggested: public leaders’ scope for discretion, values and trust.Research limitations/implicationsThe research relies on a relatively small, though élite, sample; findings are therefore preliminary, informing ideas for a forward research agenda.Originality/valueThe paper presents a first conceptualisation of public leadership in the UAE, an Arab-Muslim federal monarchy.
The effect of experience and innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities on the new venture emergence in China
Authors: Long Dan , Dong Nan 
Published: February 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the model that explains the new venture emergence in China by examining the effects of experience and innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities on the new venture emergence, as well as the moderating effect of munificence.Design/methodology/approachBased on the dynamic data from the Chinese Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics (CPSED) where nascent entrepreneurs were randomly sampled and were followed for three years, this paper uses the COX proportional hazard model to answer the research questions.FindingsThose who have successful entrepreneurial experience are able to more rapidly create new ventures, whereas the relevant industry experience and innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities have a negative effect on the new venture emergence. Moreover, munificence negatively moderates the effects of entrepreneurial experience and innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities on the new venture emergence.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper only measures whether entrepreneurs have relevant industry experience, and does not reflect on the different degrees of it. In addition, small time interval of dynamic follow-up survey may bias the results.Practical implicationsThis paper revealed that not all kinds of experience promote the venture emergence, and a more innovative entrepreneurial opportunity is not always better. Entrepreneurs should accumulate experience and evaluate innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities rationally.Originality/valueNew venture emergence relies on the mutual influence of entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial opportunities and entrepreneurial environment. However, most studies explored the new venture emergence from a single perspective which led to a plethora of conflicting conclusions. This paper attempts to examine the effects of experience and innovativeness of entrepreneurial opportunities on the venture emergence, as well as the moderate effect of munificence.
Aboriginal entrepreneurship financing in Canada
Authors: Pinto Laura Elizabeth , Blue Levon Ellen 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to explore Canadian in/exclusion of Aboriginal groups to/from access to mainstream business resources and opportunities. The focus is one prominent non-governmental program, the Canadian Aboriginal Prosperity and Entrepreneurship (CAPE) Fund, designed to provide equity to Aboriginal businesses. Do programs such as CAPE Fund promote Aboriginal entrepreneurship that liberates “others” on their own terms? or are they “civilizing missions” that attempt to impose Euro-centric practices and values?

Design/methodology/approach
The authors critically analyze the “promises” of entrepreneurship through CAPE Fund using TribalCrit, a framework rooted in critical race theory (CRT) and postcolonialism. The authors used a CRT research method highlighting two organizational narratives, describing CAPE Fund financing in two separate ventures. The research allowed to test the theory’s use in practical situations.

Findings
This paper develops a postcolonial conception of entrepreneurship to address the realities and needs of Aboriginal communities. Analysis of Canada’s CAPE Fund within two organizational narratives identified aspects of promise (active Aboriginal business ownership) and shortcomings (practices that attempted to erase inequity in ways that led to neocolonial subjugation).

Research limitations/implications
This paper attempts to build theory while engaging in CRT research that relies on organizational narratives. Narrative approaches offer depth of understanding but are not generalizable because of the limited scope of organizations studied.

Practical implications
The research methods used and framework developed offer researchers new approaches to better understand Indigenous and Aboriginal entrepreneurship outcomes. The findings point to specific Aboriginal funding issues that can be addressed by other funding agencies who wish to create more inclusive structures.

Social implications
Financial programs that might improve the possibility of self-determination of Aboriginal peoples within the postcolonial ideal must “hold both economic and non-economic objectives in tension” (Overall et al., 2010 p. 157) in ways that typically disadvantage Aboriginal entrepreneurs.

Originality/value
This is the first, fully articulated framework for postcolonial entrepreneurship, grounded in CRT and applied to analyze Canada’s CAPE Fund.
Communal and student-centered
Authors: Woxland Conrad M. , Cochran Dory , Davis Erin L. , Lundstrom Kacy 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate how teaching information creation as a process in a decentralized library classroom impacts student learning and engagement.

Design/methodology/approach
By using mobile technologies (iPads) and a targeted lesson design, the authors explored how these devices can be incorporated into threshold pedagogy. The study took place in a second-year composition course and was taught by librarians during a class session.

Findings
The findings supported by pre- and post-test scores, textual analysis and observations show that iPads did add to the engagement and learning of some students. The discussion includes student responses to the iPads, the decentralized roles of the librarian and instructor, the use of social media as an engagement tool and possible adaptations to the lesson.

Originality/value
This paper provides practical ideas for using iPads in higher education to engage students, particularly in targeting learning outcomes that emphasize on the changing nature and impact of the information creation process.
Meta‐analysis of the human gut microbiome from urbanized and pre‐agricultural populations
Authors: Mancabelli Leonardo , Milani Christian , Lugli Gabriele Andrea , Turroni Francesca , Ferrario Chiara , van Sinderen Douwe , Ventura Marco 
Published: February 2017

SummaryMetagenomic studies of the human gut microbiome have only recently begun to explore the differences in taxonomic composition between subjects from diverse geographical origins. Here, we compared taxonomy, resistome and functional metabolic properties of publicly available shotgun datasets of human fecal samples collected from different geographical regions (Europe, North America, Asia and Oceania). Such datasets encompassed gut microbiota information corresponding to 13 developed/industrialized societies, as well as two traditional hunter‐gatherer, pre‐agricultural communities (Tanzanian and Peruvian individuals). Assessment of the retrieved taxonomic profiles allowed the most updated reconstruction of the global core‐microbiome as based on currently available data, as well as the identification and targeted genome reconstruction of bacterial taxa that appear to have been lost and/or acquired during urbanization/industrialization. Functional characterization of these metagenomic datasets indicates that the urbanization/industrialization process which occurred in recent human history has shaped the gut microbiota through the acquisition and/or loss of specific gut microbes, thereby potentially impacting on the overall functionality of the gut microbiome.
Sequencing historical specimens: successful preparation of small specimens with low amounts of degraded DNA
Authors: Sproul John S. , Maddison David R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDespite advances that allow DNA sequencing of old museum specimens, sequencing small‐bodied, historical specimens can be challenging and unreliable as many contain only small amounts of fragmented DNA. Dependable methods to sequence such specimens are especially critical if the specimens are unique. We attempt to sequence small‐bodied (3–6 mm) historical specimens (including nomenclatural types) of beetles that have been housed, dried, in museums for 58–159 years, and for which few or no suitable replacement specimens exist. To better understand ideal approaches of sample preparation and produce preparation guidelines, we compared different library preparation protocols using low amounts of input DNA (1–10 ng). We also explored low‐cost optimizations designed to improve library preparation efficiency and sequencing success of historical specimens with minimal DNA, such as enzymatic repair of DNA. We report successful sample preparation and sequencing for all historical specimens despite our low‐input DNA approach. We provide a list of guidelines related to DNA repair, bead handling, reducing adapter dimers and library amplification. We present these guidelines to facilitate more economical use of valuable DNA and enable more consistent results in projects that aim to sequence challenging, irreplaceable historical specimens.
How can we conceptualize behavioural addiction without pathologizing common behaviours?
Authors: Kardefelt‐Winther Daniel , Heeren Alexandre , Schimmenti Adriano , van Rooij Antonius , Maurage Pierre , Carras Michelle , Edman Johan , Blaszczynski Alexander , Khazaal Yasser , Billieux Joël 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFollowing the recent changes to the diagnostic category for addictive disorders in DSM‐5, it is urgent to clarify what constitutes behavioural addiction to have a clear direction for future research and classification. However, in the years following the release of DSM‐5, an expanding body of research has increasingly classified engagement in a wide range of common behaviours and leisure activities as possible behavioural addiction. If this expansion does not end, both the relevance and the credibility of the field of addictive disorders might be questioned, which may prompt a dismissive appraisal of the new DSM‐5 subcategory for behavioural addiction. We propose an operational definition of behavioural addiction together with a number of exclusion criteria, to avoid pathologizing common behaviours and provide a common ground for further research. The definition and its exclusion criteria are clarified and justified by illustrating how these address a number of theoretical and methodological shortcomings that result from existing conceptualizations. We invite other researchers to extend our definition under an Open Science Foundation framework.
The role of dual categorization and relative ingroup prototypicality in reparations to a minority group: An examination of empathy and collective guilt as mediators
Authors: Mashuri Ali , Zaduqisti Esti , Alroy‐Thiberge Daphne 
Published: February 2017

In the current study, we investigate factors that facilitate or otherwise obstruct reparations of a perpetrating group (i.e. Muslims) to a victim group (i.e. Christians). The study (N = 200) reveals that among Muslim participants, the role of dual Abrahamic categorization in positively predicting reparation attitude towards Christians was mediated by the first group's prosocial emotions of empathy and collective guilt towards the latter group. In addition, relative Muslim prototypicality negatively predicted dual Abrahamic categorization and each of the two prosocial emotions. Empathy and collective guilt in turn mediated the role of relative ingroup prototypicality in negatively predicting reparation attitude. Moreover, as hypothesized, we found that the roles of empathy and collective guilt in predicting reparation intention, as manifested in participants' willingness to engage in collective action on behalf of the victim group, were not significant on their own, but were mediated by reparation attitude. These findings shed light on the importance of the relationship between the perpetrating group's shared identity with the victim group, reduced ingroup focus and its support for making reparations to the victim group. Theoretical implications, study limitations and practical strategies highlighting how to decrease relative Muslim prototypicality are discussed.
Does religious priming increase the prosocial behaviour of a Japanese sample in an anonymous economic game?
Authors: Miyatake Sanae , Higuchi Masataka 
Published: February 2017

We examined the effect of religious priming on a Japanese sample in an anonymous dictator game whereas previous studies on religious priming on prosociality had mainly been conducted within Western contexts. The current study attempted to examine whether religion increases prosocial behaviour in a Japanese sample through the replication of ‘God is Watching You’ (Shariff & Norenzayan, 2007) where it was found that participants primed with religion‐related words and secular justice‐related words behaved more prosocially than participants primed with neutral words in an anonymous dictator game. The current experiment was conducted with Japanese students (n = 106) to examine whether the results of the original study could be applied to Japanese people. The results showed that among the three priming conditions (control, religion, secular justice), there was no difference in the amount of money participants allocated to anonymous strangers, although in the secular justice priming condition, theists allocated more money than atheists. The results might be due to the fact that the religious priming words used in the original study did not precisely activate the propositional network of religion that Japanese participants have. More culture‐specific studies are necessary to examine how religious priming works for non‐Westerners.
Does midwife experience affect the rate of severe perineal tears?
Authors: Mizrachi Yossi , Leytes Sophia , Levy Michal , Hiaev Zvia , Ginath Shimon , Bar Jacob , Kovo Michal 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundOur aim was to study whether midwife experience affects the rate of severe perineal tears (3rd and 4th degree).MethodsA retrospective cohort study of all women with term vertex singleton pregnancies, who underwent normal vaginal deliveries, in a single tertiary hospital, between 2011 and 2015, was performed. Exclusion criteria were instrumental deliveries and stillbirth. All midwives used a “hands on” technique for protecting the perineum. The midwife experience at each delivery was calculated as the time interval between her first delivery and current delivery. A comparison was performed between deliveries in which midwife experience was less than 2 years (inexperienced), between 2 and 10 years (moderately experienced), and more than 10 years (highly experienced). A multivariate regression analysis was performed to assess the association between midwife experience and the incidence of severe perineal tears, after controlling for confounders.ResultsOverall, 15 146 deliveries were included. Severe perineal tears were diagnosed in 51 (0.33%) deliveries. Women delivered by inexperienced midwives had a higher rate of severe perineal tears compared with women delivered by highly experienced midwives (0.5% vs 0.2%, respectively, P=.024). On multivariate regression analysis, midwife experience was independently associated with a lower rate of severe perineal tears, after controlling for confounding factors. Each additional year of experience was associated with a 4.7% decrease in the risk of severe perineal tears (adjusted OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.91–0.99, P=.03).ConclusionMore experienced midwives had a lower rate of severe perineal tears, and may be preferred for managing deliveries of women at high risk for such tears.