bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eruptive activity at Turrialba volcano (Costa Rica): Inferences from 3He/4He in fumarole gases and chemistry of the products ejected during 2014 and 2015
Authors: Rizzo Andrea Luca , Di Piazza Andrea , de Moor J. Maarten , Alvarado Guillermo E. , Avard Geoffroy , Carapezza Maria Luisa , Mora Mauricio M. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA new period of eruptive activity started at Turrialba volcano, Costa Rica, in 2010 after almost 150 years of quiescence. This activity has been characterized by sporadic explosions whose frequency clearly increased since October 2014. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms that triggered the resumption of this eruptive activity and characterize the evolution of the phenomena over the past 2 years. We integrate 3He/4He data available on fumarole gases collected in the summit area of Turrialba between 1999 and 2011 with new measurements made on samples collected between September 2014 and February 2016. The results of a petrological investigation of the products that erupted between October 2014 and May 2015 are also presented. We infer that the resumption of eruptive activity in 2010 was triggered by a replenishment of the plumbing system of Turrialba by a new batch of magma. This is supported by the increase in 3He/4He values observed since 2005 at the crater fumaroles and by comparable high values in September 2014, just before the onset of the new eruptive phase. The presence of a number of fresh and juvenile glassy shards in the erupted products increased between October 2014 and May 2015, suggesting the involvement of new magma with a composition similar to that erupted in 1864–1866. We conclude that the increase in 3He/4He at the summit fumaroles since October 2015 represents strong evidence of a new phase of magma replenishment, which implies that the level of activity remains high at the volcano.
Quantitative estimation of the contribution of dust sources to Chinese loess using detrital zircon U‐Pb age patterns
Authors: Zhang Hanzhi , Lu Huayu , Xu Xisheng , Liu Xiaoming , Yang Tao , Stevens Thomas , Bird Anna , Xu Zhiwei , Zhang Tian , Lei Fang , Feng Han 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe origin and provenance of the loess deposits of the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) are still debated. In order to pinpoint the dust sources, surface samples from the piedmont of the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, the Gobi Altai Mountains, and modern eolian dunes from the Tengger desert and Mu Us sand field were analyzed by using the detrital zircon dating technique. In order to quantitatively discriminate the content of different potential sources, zircon grains of different ages were grouped according to their tectonic origin. Zircon grains aged from 1300 to 550 Ma were assigned to the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and grains aged from 550 to 0 Ma to the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau or the Gobi Altai Mountains, or to a combination of the two. Zircon ages of around 2.8 Ga to 1.3 Ga may be a mixture of sources from the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau, Gobi Altai Mountains, or North China Craton. Sediments from the Tengger desert and Mu Us sand field consist of a mixture of the three sources and exhibit a high degree of spatial variability in terms of their source. In the northern part of the two deserts, 43–83% of the sediments are derived from the Gobi Altai Mountains, while in the south, material from the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau comprises 51–98% of the sediments. Loess deposits from the CLP also comprise a mixture of the three different sources, with material from the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau making the dominant contribution (65–100%), with material from the North China Craton and the Gobi Altai Mountains comprising 0–35% and 0–40% of the loess deposits, respectively. The contributions from the three sources to the loess deposits on CLP vary spatially. Application of the novel statistical method of provenance group analysis demonstrates that the loess deposits comprise a mixture of material from a broad region of northern China and that the Northeastern Tibetan Plateau material makes the dominant contribution.
Organoaluminum Compounds and
L
ewis Pairs
Authors: Layh Marcus , Uhl Werner , Bouhadir Ghenwa , Bourissou Didier 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

This chapter is dedicated to bifunctional derivatives associating Al with P‐ or N‐containing Lewis bases. The synthesis and structure of these Lewis pairs/ambiphilic derivatives are described (presence or not of P/N → Al interactions). Both unimolecular and bimolecular compounds are considered. Their reactivity towards small molecules (CO
2
, alkene, alkynes, isocyanides, amine‐boranes, BX
3
, hydrides, and so on) including catalytic transformations are then presented. The synthesis and reactivity of transition metal complexes deriving from Al/P ambiphilic ligands are also presented. Whenever possible, the Al‐compounds are compared to their lighter B congeners.
Cross‐Cultural and Construct Validity of the Animated Activity Questionnaire
Authors: Peter Wilfred F. , de Vet Henrika C. W. , Boers Maarten , Harlaar Jaap , Roorda Leo D. , Poolman Rudolf W. , Scholtes Vanessa A. B. , Steultjens Martijn , Hendry Gordon J. , Roos Ewa M. , Guillemin Francis , Benedetti Maria G. , Cavazzuti Lorenzo , Escobar Antonio , Dagfinrud Hanne , Terwee Caroline B. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveThe Animated Activity Questionnaire (AAQ) assesses activity limitations in patients with hip/knee osteoarthritis and consists of video animations; the patients choose the animation that best matches their own performance. The AAQ has shown good validity and reliability. This study aims to evaluate cross‐cultural and construct validity of the AAQ.MethodsCross‐cultural validity was assessed using ordinal logistic regression analysis to evaluate differential item functioning (DIF) across 7 languages. Construct validity was assessed by testing correlations between the AAQ and a patient‐reported outcome measure (PROM) and performance‐based tests.ResultsData from 1,239 patients were available. Compared to the Dutch language (n = 279), none of the 17 items showed DIF in English (n = 202) or French (n = 193), 1 item showed uniform DIF in Spanish (n = 99) and Norwegian (n = 62), and 2 items showed uniform DIF in Danish (n = 201). In all these languages, the occurrence of DIF did not influence the total score, which remained comparable with the original Dutch version. For Italian (n = 203) versus Dutch, however, 6 items showed uniform DIF, and 1 item showed nonuniform DIF, indicating some problems with the cross‐cultural validity between these countries. With regard to construct validity, the correlations with PROM (0.74) and performance‐based tests (0.36–0.68) were partly as expected (>0.60).ConclusionThe AAQ, an innovative tool to measure activity limitations that can be placed on the continuum between PROMs and performance‐based tests, showed a good overall cross‐cultural validity, and seems to have great potential for international use in research and daily clinical practice in many European countries.
Self‐Management Education Participation Among US Adults With Arthritis: Who's Attending?
Authors: Murphy Louise B. , Brady Teresa J. , Boring Michael A. , Theis Kristina A. , Barbour Kamil E. , Qin Jin , Helmick Charles G. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveSelf‐management education (SME) programs teach people with chronic conditions skills to manage their health conditions. We examined patterns in SME program participation among US adults with arthritis ages ≥18 years.MethodsRespondents with arthritis were those who reported ever being diagnosed with arthritis by a doctor or health care provider. We analyzed 2014 National Health Interview Survey data to estimate the percentage (unadjusted and age‐standardized) who ever attended an SME program overall and for selected subgroups, representativeness of SME participants relative to all adults with arthritis, and trends in SME course participation.ResultsIn 2014, 1 in 9 US adults with arthritis (11.3% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10.4–12.3]; age‐standardized 11.4% [95% CI 10.0–12.9]) had ever participated in an SME program. SME participation (age‐standardized) was highest among those with ≥8 health care provider visits in the past 12 months (16.0% [95% CI 13.1–19.4]). Since 2002, the number of adults with arthritis who have ever participated in SME has increased by 1.7 million, but the percentage has remained constant.ConclusionDespite its many benefits, SME participation among US adults with arthritis remains persistently low. By recommending that their patients attend SME programs, health care providers can increase the likelihood that their patients experience SME program benefits.
Kinetic and Theoretical Studies on Ni0/N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Intramolecular Alkene Hydroacylation
Authors: Hoshimoto Yoichi , Hayashi Yukari , Ohashi Masato , Ogoshi Sensuke 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA combined kinetic and theoretical study was conducted in order to clarify the details on the reaction mechanism for Ni0/ItBu‐catalyzed intramolecular alkene hydroacylation. The results confirm the hypothesis that this intramolecular hydroacylation proceeds through an oxanickelacycle key intermediate.
Optimizing carbon dioxide utilization for microalgae biofilm cultivation
Authors: Blanken Ward , Schaap Stefan , Theobald Sophie , Rinzema Arjen , Wijffels René H. , Janssen Marcel 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThe loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the environment during microalgae cultivation is undesirable for both environmental and economic reasons. In this study, a phototrophic biofilm growth model was developed and validated with the objective to maximize both CO2 utilization efficiency and production of microalgae in biofilms. The model was validated in growth experiments with CO2 as the limiting substrate. The CO2 utilization and biomass productivity were maximized by changing the gas flow rate, the number of biofilm reactors in series and gas composition. Based on simulations, the maximum CO2 utilization efficiency that was reached was 96% based on a process employing flue gas. The corresponding drop in productivity was only 2% in comparison to the non‐CO2 limited reference situation. In order to achieve this, 25 biofilm reactors units, or more, must be operated in series. Based on these results, it was concluded that concentrated CO2 streams and plug flow behavior of the gaseous phase over the biofilm surface are essential for high productivity and CO2 utilization efficiency. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 769–776. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Oxygen mapping: Probing a novel seeding strategy for bone tissue engineering
Authors: Westphal Ines , Jedelhauser Claudia , Liebsch Gregor , Wilhelmi Arnd , Aszodi Attila , Schieker Matthias 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTBone tissue engineering (BTE) utilizing biomaterial scaffolds and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) is a promising approach for the treatment of bone defects. The quality of engineered tissue is crucially affected by numerous parameters including cell density and the oxygen supply. In this study, a novel oxygen‐imaging sensor was introduced to monitor the oxygen distribution in three dimensional (3D) scaffolds in order to analyze a new cell‐seeding strategy. Immortalized hMSCs, pre‐cultured in a monolayer for 30–40% or 70–80% confluence, were used to seed demineralized bone matrix (DBM) scaffolds. Real‐time measurements of oxygen consumption in vitro were simultaneously performed by the novel planar sensor and a conventional needle‐type sensor over 24 h. Recorded oxygen maps of the novel planar sensor revealed that scaffolds, seeded with hMSCs harvested at lower densities (30–40% confluence), exhibited rapid exponential oxygen consumption profile. In contrast, harvesting cells at higher densities (70–80% confluence) resulted in a very slow, almost linear, oxygen decrease due to gradual achieving the stationary growth phase. In conclusion, it could be shown that not only the seeding density on a scaffold, but also the cell density at the time point of harvest is of major importance for BTE. The new cell seeding strategy of harvested MSCs at low density during its log phase could be a useful strategy for an early in vivo implantation of cell‐seeded scaffolds after a shorter in vitro culture period. Furthermore, the novel oxygen imaging sensor enables a continuous, two‐dimensional, quick and convenient to handle oxygen mapping for the development and optimization of tissue engineered scaffolds. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 894–902. © 2016 The Authors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
An expression tag toolbox for microbial production of membrane bound plant cytochromes P450
Authors: Vazquez‐Albacete Dario , Cavaleiro Ana Mafalda , Christensen Ulla , Seppälä Susanna , Møller Birger Lindberg , Nørholm Morten H. H. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTMembrane‐associated Cytochromes P450 (P450s) are one of the most important enzyme families for biosynthesis of plant‐derived medicinal compounds. However, the hydrophobic nature of P450s makes their use in robust cell factories a challenge. Here, we explore a small library of N‐terminal expression tag chimeras of the model plant P450 CYP79A1 in different Escherichia coli strains. Using a high‐throughput screening platform based on C‐terminal GFP fusions, we identify several highly expressing and robustly performing chimeric designs. Analysis of long‐term cultures by flow cytometry showed homogeneous populations for some of the conditions. Three chimeric designs were chosen for a more complex combinatorial assembly of a multigene pathway consisting of two P450s and a redox partner. Cells expressing these recombinant enzymes catalyzed the conversion of the substrate to highly different ratios of the intermediate and the final product of the pathway. Finally, the effect of a robustly performing expression tag was explored with a library of 49 different P450s from medicinal plants and nearly half of these were improved in expression by more than twofold. The developed toolbox serves as a platform to tune P450 performance in microbial cells, thereby facilitating recombinant production of complex plant P450‐derived biochemicals. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 751–760. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanisms and therapeutic effectiveness of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy in oncology
Authors: Vadalà Maria , Morales‐Medina Julio Cesar , Vallelunga Annamaria , Palmieri Beniamino , Laurino Carmen , Iannitti Tommaso 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide. Available treatments are associated with numerous side effects and only a low percentage of patients achieve complete remission. Therefore, there is a strong need for new therapeutic strategies. In this regard, pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) therapy presents several potential advantages including non‐invasiveness, safety, lack of toxicity for non‐cancerous cells, and the possibility of being combined with other available therapies. Indeed, PEMF stimulation has already been used in the context of various cancer types including skin, breast, prostate, hepatocellular, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, bladder, thyroid, and colon cancer in vitro and in vivo. At present, only limited application of PEMF in cancer has been documented in humans. In this article, we review the experimental and clinical evidence of PEMF therapy discussing future perspectives in its use in oncology.
Observational study on quality of life, safety, and effectiveness of first‐line cetuximab plus chemotherapy in KRAS wild‐type metastatic colorectal cancer patients: the ObservEr Study
Authors: Pinto Carmine , Di Fabio Francesca , Rosati Gerardo , Lolli Ivan R. , Ruggeri Enzo M. , Ciuffreda Libero , Ferrari Daris , Lo Re Giovanni , Rosti Giovanni , Tralongo Paolo , Ferrara Raimondo , Alabiso Oscar , Chiara Silvana , Ianniello Giovanni P. , Frassoldati Antonio , Bilancia Domenico , Campanella Giovanna A. , Signorelli Carlo , Racca Patrizia , Benincasa Elena , Stroppolo Maria Elena , Di Costanzo Francesco 
Published: October 2016

AbstractCetuximab improves efficacy when added to chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Effective management of skin reactions from cetuximab improves quality of life (QoL), and treatment compliance in clinical trials. No data are available from real‐world settings. The ObservEr observational, multicenter, prospective study evaluated QoL, the incidence of skin reactions, and management of chemotherapy plus cetuximab in first‐line for mCRC. The primary endpoint was QoL measured with the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and EORTC QLQ‐C30. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of skin and serious adverse events, median overall and progression‐free survival, tumor response, and resection rates. Between May 2011 and November 2012, 228 patients with KRASwt mCRC were enrolled at 28 Italian centers, 225 evaluable, median age 65 years. QoL did not change during treatment and was not affected by the choice of prophylactic or reactive skin management. The incidence of cetuximab‐specific grade ≥3 skin reactions was 14%, with no grade 4/5 events. Skin reactions correlated with survival (P = 0.016), and their incidence was influenced by chemotherapy regimen (oxaliplatin vs. irinotecan—Incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.72, P < 0.0001) and gender (male vs. female—IRR 1.38, P = 0.0008). Compliance at first postbaseline evaluation was 97.75%. Median overall survival was 23.6 months, median progression‐free survival 8.3 months. Cetuximab plus chemotherapy did not compromise QoL in the routine clinical setting when patients receive close monitoring plus prophylactic or reactive management of skin reactions. We observed the same correlation between overall survival (OS) and skin reactions reported in controlled clinical trials, also in this setting.
Metformin induces degradation of mTOR protein in breast cancer cells
Authors: Alalem Mohamed , Ray Alpana , Ray Bimal K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractActivation of mTOR is implicated in the development and progression of breast cancer. mTOR inhibition exhibited promising antitumor effects in breast cancer; however, its effect is compromised by several feedback mechanisms. One of such mechanisms is the upregulation of mTOR pathway in breast cancer cells. Despite the established role of mTOR activation in breast cancer, the status of total mTOR protein and its impact on the tumor behavior and response to treatment are poorly understood. Besides, the mechanisms underlying mTOR protein degradation in normal and cancer breast cells are still largely unknown. We and others found that total mTOR protein level is elevated in breast cancer cells compared to their nonmalignant counterparts. We have detected defective proteolysis of mTOR protein in breast cancer cells, which could, at least in part, explain the high level of mTOR protein in these cells. We show that metformin treatment in MCF‐7 breast cancer cells induced degradation of mTOR and sequestration of this protein in a perinuclear region. The decrease in mTOR protein level in these cells correlated positively with a concomitant inhibition of proliferation and migration potentials of these cells. These findings provided a novel mechanism for the metformin action in breast cancer treatment. Understanding the proteolytic mechanism responsible for mTOR level in breast cancer may pave the way for improving the efficacy of breast cancer treatment regimens and mitigating drug resistance as well as providing a basis for potential novel therapeutic modalities for breast cancer.
Awareness and knowledge of Human Papillomavirus (HPV), HPV‐related cancers, and HPV vaccines in an uninsured adult clinic population
Authors: Radecki Breitkopf Carmen , Finney Rutten Lila J. , Findley Victoria , Jacobson Debra J. , Wilson Patrick M. , Albertie Monica , Jacobson Robert M. , Colón‐Otero Gerardo 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines offer primary prevention of cervical cancer and protection against other HPV‐associated cancers. HPV vaccine coverage in the United States (U.S.) remains low, particularly among older adolescents/young adults, and the uninsured. We assessed awareness and knowledge of HPV disease, HPV‐related cancers, and HPV vaccines among working, uninsured adults. Data from the 2014 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 4, Cycle 4) were used as a benchmark. Patients were surveyed in late 2014 at the Volunteers in Medicine free clinic in Duval County, Florida. Surveys contained validated measures of HPV disease and vaccine knowledge; HPV‐related cancer knowledge was also assessed. Two‐hundred and ninety‐six surveys were analyzable with an 84% participation rate. Half (50.3%) of participants had heard of HPV, and 32.1% had heard of the HPV vaccine; in HINTS, these estimates were 63.6% and 62.7%, respectively (both P < 0.0001). In adjusted models, high HPV disease knowledge was associated with white race and increased education; high vaccine knowledge was associated with white race, increased education, and female sex. Recognition of HPV as a causative agent was 43.9% for cervical, 9.1% for anal, and 11.1% for throat cancers. For all HPV‐associated cancers, participants had lower knowledge/recognition relative to HINTS. The uninsured, socioeconomically disadvantaged adults we surveyed were unaware of a ubiquitous virus that can cause cancer and the existence of a vaccine to protect against it. These findings point to settings and populations in which initiatives to promote HPV vaccination as a cancer prevention tool remain critical.
Serum miR‐221 serves as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease
Authors: Ma Wenbin , Li Yingying , Wang Chao , Xu Fan , Wang Meiling , Liu Yiming 
Published: October 2016

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the common age‐related neurodegenerative disorder. Sensitive, noninvasive biomarkers that facilitate PD diagnosis and stage assignment are currently unavailable. This study aims to investigate the potential of 16 previous reported PD‐associated miRNAs as novel biomarkers for PD. The expression of 16 serum miRNAs was measured by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction in 138 PD patients and 112 control populations. Analyses were undertaken to assess the specificity and sensitivity of miRNAs to predict PD. In addition, the relationship between deregulated miRNAs and Part III of the United Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS‐III) and Part V of the UPDRS (UPDRS‐V; the modified Hoehn and Yahr staging of PD) in PD patients was also assessed. It was found that the serums miR‐29c, miR‐146a, miR‐214, and miR‐221 were significantly decreased in PD patients compared with healthy control populations. In addition, serum miR‐221 was positively correlated with UPDRS‐III (r = .4702) and UPDRS‐V (r = .4788) score in PD patients. Furthermore, the receiver operating characteristic result of serum miR‐221 for prediction of PD was 0.787. Our preliminary findings indicate that downregulated serum miR‐221 might be a potential biomarker for PD evaluation.