bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance Degradation Mechanism of the Si@N, S‐Doped Carbon Anode in Sulfide‐Based All‐Solid‐State Batteries
Authors: Sun Feng , Ma Zhihui , Xin Shenghai , Fu Yidi , Li Ping , Li Jianbin , Wan Qi , Qu Xuanhui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSilicon (Si) anode is a promising anode material for all‐solid‐state lithium batteries with ultra‐high theoretical specific capacity and low lithium dendrite risk. However, the inevitable vast volume expansion of Si anode during charge/discharge is recognized as a major limitation preventing its commercial application. Herein, an N, S self‐doped amorphous carbon layer coated on porous micron‐sized Si (p‐mSi@C) is designed to construct an electron/ion conducting network while ensuring structural and interfacial stability. Uneven distribution of von mises stresses during p‐mSi lithiation leads to irregular volume expansion and even fragmentation. Meanwhile, the growth of by‐products at the interface between p‐mSi and electrolyte contact leads to a rapid capacity decay. Compared to p‐mSi anode, p‐mSi@C reduces the risk of fragmentation thanks to the stress‐absorbing effect of amorphous carbon, delivering excellent electrochemical performance (2679.65 mAh g−1 at 0.2 mA cm−2 with initial coulombic efficiency of 84%). More importantly, the chemical failure mechanisms of p‐mSi and p‐mSi@C composite anodes are revealed through structural characterization, chemical analysis, and simulation, which provides the necessary theoretical guidance for practicalization.
Supramolecular Systems Chemistry Based on the Interplay Between Peptides and Porphyrins
Authors: Fu Yue , Zhang Lian , Yan Xuehai , Liu Kai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe functions of living organisms are emergent from networks of biomolecules. In this review, we discuss the creation of synthetic life‐like systems based on the interplay of peptides and porphyrins in the supramolecular chemical systems. In particular, we focus on the spatiotemporal control of self‐assembly processes, which allows for the development of hierarchical structures for biomimetic catalysis and adaptive dynamics for stimulus‐responsive structural transformations. Notably, when operating in a nonequilibrium regime–characterized by kinetic traps, feedback loops, and dissipative conditions–the structural landscape expands and system‐level properties emerge, including transient catalysis, metabolic self‐replication, and Darwinian‐like evolution. Controlling these systems at the biointerface would facilitate intelligent therapeutic interventions in the anti‐tumor phototherapy. Supramolecular systems chemistry provides a valuable framework for exploring new physicochemical spaces of peptides and porphyrins, and may offer distinct advantages and extensive applications across diverse fields.
Surgical management of chronic pancreatitis: A narrative review
Authors: Dankha Rimon , Sparrelid Ernesto , Gilg Stefan , Löhr J.‐Matthias , Ghorbani Poya 
Published: October 2024

AbstractChronic pancreatitis is a severe disabling disease with persistent pain as the most prominent symptom often leading to significant quality of life (QoL) reduction. Current international guidelines propagate a step‐up approach in which surgery should only be considered as a last resort in patients with failure of both medical and endoscopic interventions. Accumulating evidence, however, suggests that surgery is superior to endoscopic therapy and that early surgical intervention is beneficial in terms of pain relief, pancreatic function and QoL. Several surgical procedures are available with low morbidity and mortality rates, providing excellent long‐term results. The purpose of this review was to present an overview of the surgical treatment options for chronic pancreatitis with a focus on the timing of surgery.
Liver lobe herniation into the caval foramen in a dog treated surgically by intercostal thoracotomy
Authors: Thibaud Jennyfer , Cuddy Laura , Merino Gutierrez Virginia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLiver herniation into the caval foramen is a rare condition that can be encountered in dogs and cats. An 8‐year‐old, male neutered, Bichon frise was presented for chronic episodes of inappetence and lethargy. Thoracic and abdominal computed tomography revealed a thoracic mass originating from the liver protruding into the caval foramen. Surgical excision of the liver lobe was performed via an intercostal thoracotomy, and histopathology of the mass was consistent with that of normal hepatic tissue. The dog fully recovered with complete resolution of clinical signs at 2‐week and 6‐month recheck. The present case highlights the first reported case of a liver lobe herniation into the caval foramen treated by intercostal thoracotomy in a dog.
Toward Sustainable Water Governance? Taking Stock of Paradigms, Practices, and Sustainability Outcomes
Authors: Bilalova Shahana , Newig Jens , Villamayor‐Tomas Sergio 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTGovernance is key to ensuring the sustainability of water systems in the long run. With the recognition of the complexities inherent in governing water resources, new and diverse governance models have started to emerge and be diffused to various contexts. This systematic review explores 223 cases from 165 studies on water governance and sustainability. We assess the cases based on water governance paradigms and how these paradigms relate to governance characteristics, water‐related problématiques, and sustainability outcomes. Our results indicate a lack of knowledge cumulation and patterns connecting problématiques (e.g., “groundwater exploitation in agriculture”) and paradigms (e.g., “community‐based management”). We found that the “integrated approach to water management” was the most common paradigm, and paradigms might manifest with various governance characteristics, some of which may not fully align with the paradigm's fundamental principles. While certain paradigms, such as “integrated approach to water management,” “participatory and collaborative governance,” and “community‐based management,” are mostly associated with better sustainability outcomes, these successes should be interpreted cautiously due to the context‐sensitive nature of paradigms and potential biases in the reviewed studies. These findings provide a basis for further diagnostic work and suggest the need for more nuanced approaches to water governance and sustainability.
Current Status and Future Perspectives for Mobility Options Toward Sustainable Transportation With a Focus on Fuel Cells
Authors: Farooq Adil , Cora Ömer Necati 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a comprehensive analysis of five different vehicle technologies with a particular emphasis on fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) in comparison to conventional gasoline and diesel ICEs, hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), and electric vehicle (EV) technologies. Key parameters in comparison included greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), social cost of carbon (SCC), energy efficiency, fuel consumption, fuel price, driving range, and total cost of ownership (TCO). A normalization approach is employed to rank the technologies across parameters, providing valuable insights for sustainable transportation decision‐making. FCV technology showed the highest average performance (5.343/10) followed by EV technology (4.760/10). The paper also presents current and anticipated hydrogen demand and supply centers, accompanied by a brief overview of commercially available fuel cell technologies. Finally, the sustainability of FCV technology as well as economic, legal, and infrastructural limitations associated with the widespread adoption are also discussed.
Chlormequat inhibits Vallisneria natans growth and shapes the epiphytic biofilm microbial community
Authors: Ma Zihang , Ai Dan , Ge Zuhan , Wu Tao , Zhang Jibiao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSubmerged macrophytes can overgrow and negatively affect freshwater ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the use of chlormequat (CQ) to regulate submerged Vallisneria natans growth as well as its impact on the microbial community of epiphytic biofilms. V. natans height under CQ dosages of 20, 100, and 200 mg/L decreased within 21 days by 12.57%, 30.07%, and 44.62%, respectively, while chlorophyll content increased by 1.94%, 20.39%, and 38.83%. At 100 mg/L, CQ reduced the diversity of bacteria in the biofilm attached to V. natans leaves but increased the diversity of the eukaryotic microbial community. CQ strongly inhibited Cyanobacteria; compared with the control group, the treatment group experienced a significant reduction from 36.54% to 2.61%. Treatment significantly inhibited Gastrotricha and Rotifera, two dominant phyla of eukaryotes in the leaf biofilm, reducing their relative abundances by 17.41% and 6.48%, respectively. CQ significantly changed the leaf biofilm microbial community correlation network. The treatment group exhibited lower modularity (2.012) compared with the control group (2.249); however, the central network of the treated group contained a higher number of microbial genera (13) than the control group (4), highlighting the significance of eukaryotic genera in the network. The results obtained from this study provide invaluable scientific context and technical understanding pertinent to the restoration of submerged macrophytes within aquatic ecosystems.Practitioner Points
Chlormequat reduced the plant height but increased leaf chlorophyll content.
Chlormequat reduced biofilm bacterial diversity but increased eukaryotic diversity.
Chlormequat affected the bacterial‐fungal association networks in biofilms.
Unveiling patterns in pediatric appendectomy: A comparative study on healthcare resource capacity and surgical decisions in Brazil
Authors: Moreira Melo Paulo Henrique , Telles Luiza , Rangel Ayla Gerk , Marrazzo Enzzo Barrozo , Carroll Madeleine , Ferreira Roseanne , Mooney David P. , Schnitman Gabriel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAppendicitis is the most prevalent surgical emergency in children. This study examined hospital infrastructure, surgical techniques, patient demographics, and hospitalization parameters to assess the provision of safe and adequate care within the Brazilian public healthcare system.MethodsPediatric hospitalizations for acute appendicitis in 2022 were extracted from the Brazilian national database. We included all hospitalizations for patients aged 0–16 years with a primary ICD‐10 diagnosis of acute appendicitis who underwent an operation. Parameters of interest were the type of surgical approach, mortality, and total cost of hospitalization. Facilities were defined as basic‐facility, full‐facility, and pediatric according to the level of pediatric resources available.ResultsIn 2022, there were 29,983 pediatric appendectomies due to acute appendicitis. Of these, 90.2% were open appendectomies. Most occurred in basic‐facility general hospitals (53.0%), followed by full‐facility (35.2%) and pediatric hospitals (11.8%). Full‐facility hospitals had a higher median cost (USD126.3, IQR 99.5–154.4) compared to basic (USD96.8, IQR 87.6–130.1) and pediatric hospitals (USD103.0, IQR 91.9–117.5), though the cost difference between basic and pediatric was not significant (p = 0.367). Death was a rare event across all levels of hospital infrastructure and for all types of procedures performed.ConclusionsThe majority of hospitalizations for acute appendicitis occurred in hospitals with minimal pediatric infrastructure. Open appendectomies remain the most predominant procedure across all hospital types.
Introduction
Authors: Mariani Ilaria , Mortati Marzia , Rizzo Francesca , Deserti Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter serves as the introduction to this comprehensive study on enhancing e-participation through design thinking (DT) principles. It sets the stage by examining the evolving role of technology in public engagement, the persistent barriers to effective e-participation, and how DT can serve as a transformative tool to overcome these challenges. This chapter outlines the book’s scope, establishing the critical importance of integrating DT to foster a more inclusive and effective public discourse. It aims to bridge the theoretical frameworks with practical applications, offering a robust groundwork for the subsequent detailed exploration of DT’s application in public sector innovation and citizen engagement.
The Theoretical Background of Design Thinking for Public Sector Innovation
Authors: Mariani Ilaria , Mortati Marzia , Rizzo Francesca , Deserti Alessandro 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter delves into the theoretical foundations of Design Thinking (DT) for public sector innovation, highlighting its capacity to impact organisational culture, strategic innovation, and operational processes. Emphasising a user-centric approach, the chapter explores how DT principles like abductive reasoning, prototyping, and co-design can transform public services by aligning them more closely with user needs and expectations.
Bounds on ALP-mediated dark matter models from celestial objects
Authors: Klangburam Tanech , Pongkitivanichkul Chakrit 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We have studied the signals from axion-like particles (ALPs) as dark matter mediators from celestial objects such as neutron stars, brown dwarfs or white dwarfs. We consider the accumulation of dark matter inside the celestial objects using the multiscatter capturing process. The production of ALP from the dark matter annihilation can escape the celestial object and decay into gamma-rays and neutrinos before reaching the Earth. We investigate our model using gamma-ray observations from Fermi and H.E.S.S. and neutrino observations from IceCube and ANTARES. The effective Lagrangian approach allows us to place constraints on the ALP-photon and ALP-fermion couplings. In the gamma-ray channel, our results are able to rule out the existence of ALP with mass up to ~ $$ \mathcal{O} $$

O
(10) GeV. On the other hand, the neutrino observations can be used to probe a higher mass range with ALP mass up to ~ $$ \mathcal{O} $$

O
(100) GeV.
Galilean fluids from non-relativistic gravity
Authors: Hartong Jelle , Mehra Aditya , Musaeus Jørgen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The 1/c-expansion of general relativity appropriately sourced by matter can be used to derive an action principle for Newtonian gravity. The gravitational part of this action is known as non-relativistic gravity (NRG). It is possible to source NRG differently and in such a way that one can construct solutions that are not described by Newtonian gravity (as they do not admit a notion of absolute time). It is possible to include a negative cosmological constant such that NRG admits a non-relativistic AdS solution. This non-relativistic AdS vacuum has Killing vectors that form the Galilean conformal algebra and a boundary that admits a conformal class of Newton-Cartan geometries. This begs the question of whether there exists an analogue of the fluid/gravity correspondence for NRG. In this paper we derive a non-relativistic AdS brane solution of NRG and confirm that it corresponds to the 1/c2-expansion of the AdS black brane geometry. We perform a Galilean boost of the non-relativistic AdS brane and derive the associated boundary energy-momentum tensor. We then show that this is the energy-momentum tensor of a massless Galilean fluid and explain how this is linked to the conformal isometries of the boundary. Along the way, we also present several new results for the theory of non-relativistic gravity itself. In particular we present a rewriting that greatly shortens and simplifies the equations of motion of the NRG action.
Proof of An AGT conjecture at β = 1
Authors: Yuan Qing-Jie , Hu Shao-Ping , Huang Zi-Hao , Zhang Kilar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
AGT conjecture reveals a connection between 4D $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 gauge theory and 2D conformal field theory. Though some special instances have been proven, others remain elusive and the attempts on its full proof never stop. When the Ω background parameters satisfy −ϵ1/ϵ2 ≡ β = 1, the story can be simplified a bit. A proof of the correspondence in the case of A1 gauge group was given in 2010 by Mironov et al., while the An extension is verified by Matsuo and Zhang in 2011, with an assumption on the Selberg integral of n + 1 Schur polynomials. Then in 2020, Albion et al. obtained the rigorous result of this formula. In this paper, we show that the conjecture on the Selberg integral of Schur polynomials is formally equivalent to their result, after applying a more complicated complex contour, thus leading to the proof of the An case at β = 1. To perform a double check, we also directly start from this formula, and manage to show the identification between the two sides of AGT correspondence.
Kink-antikink collisions in hyper-massive models
Authors: Hahne F. M. , Klimas P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We study topological kinks and their interactions in a family of scalar field models with a double well potential parametrized by the mass of small perturbations around the vacua, ranging from the mass of the ϕ4 Klein-Gordon model all the way to the limit of infinite mass, which is identified with a non-analytic potential. In particular, we look at the problem of kink-antikink collisions and analyze the windows of capture and escape of the soliton pair as a function of collision velocity and model mass. We observe a disappearance of the capture cases for intermediary masses between the ϕ4 and non-analytic cases. The main features of the kink-antikink scattering are reproduced in a collective coordinates model, including the disappearance of the capture cases.
Spirituelle Kompetenzen von Gesundheitspersonal in der Notfall- und Intensivversorgung – eine prospektive Fragebogenstudie
Authors: Schwartz J. , Tenge T. , Lanhenke K. , Meier S. , Schallenburger M. , Batzler Y.-N. , Roser T. , Wetzchewald D. , Neukirchen M. 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
In der Intensiv- und Notfallversorgung werden Patient:innen und ihre Zugehörigen mit möglicherweise existenziellen Krisen konfrontiert. Hier kann Spiritual Care eine zusätzliche Versorgungsressource sein. Für das Erkennen und Adressieren dieser Bedürfnisse sind spirituelle Kompetenzen des Gesundheitspersonals notwendig.

Ziel der Arbeit (Fragestellung)
Wie sind die spirituellen Kompetenzen von Gesundheitspersonal der Intensiv- und Notfallversorgung ausgeprägt? Gibt es Unterschiede zwischen den Professionen und Geschlechtern? Was sind Einflussfaktoren für spirituelle Kompetenzen?

Material und Methoden
In der prospektiven Fragebogenstudie wurden Ärzt:innen aus multizentrischen Kliniken, die an den Kursen für Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin in Arnsberg teilnahmen, sowie Pflegefachkräfte der Intensiv- und Notfallversorgung am Standort Düsseldorf eingeschlossen. Mittels Selbsteinschätzung im Spiritual Care Competence Questionnaire (SCCQ) wurden spirituelle Kompetenzen in den folgenden Bereichen erfasst: Wahrnehmungskompetenz, Teamspirit, Dokumentationskompetenz, Selbsterfahrung und proaktive Öffnung, Wissen über andere Religionen, Gesprächsführungskompetenz und proaktive Empowerment-Kompetenz.

Ergebnisse
Von den Befragten waren 465 Ärzt:innen (50 % weiblich, Berufsjahre: MW = 4,0; SA = 3,5) und 86 Pflegefachkräfte (80 % weiblich, Berufsjahre: MW = 12,7; SA = 10,7). Die durchschnittliche SCC betrug im Mittel 2,3 (SA = 0,4) von maximal 4 Punkten, wobei spirituelle und gläubige Befragte eine höhere spirituelle Kompetenz aufwiesen. Unterschiede in spezifischen Kompetenzen zeigten sich zwischen den Professionen und Geschlechtern. Frauen gaben eine höhere Kompetenz im Bereich Wahrnehmung und Gesprächsführung an, Ärzt:innen in der Dokumentationskompetenz.

Diskussion
Insgesamt wird ein Schulungsbedarf bei Gesundheitspersonal im Bereich der Intensiv- und Notfallmedizin deutlich.
Tooth loss during long-term periodontal therapy in specialized practices – a retrospective cohort study from a periodontal practice-based research network (Perio-PBRN)
Authors: Rieger Steffen , Walker Helena , Mittelhamm Felix , Frisch Eberhard , Peikert Stefanie A. , Kruse Anne B. , Liedtke Nils B. , Ratka-Krueger Petra , Vach Kirstin , Woelber Johan P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Objectives
To investigate tooth-specific, clinical tooth-, and patient-related factors associated with tooth loss (TL) in patients with mild to severe periodontitis treated in a periodontal practice-based research network (Perio-PBRN) over at least 5 years.

Materials and methods
The Perio-PBRN consists of five German periodontal practices where clinical data were collected regarding patient age, tooth type, bleeding on probing (BOP), pocket probing depth (PPD), furcation involvement (FI), number of attended appointments, and other variables of interest. The data were evaluated regarding factors influencing TL.

Results
Data from 687 patients (aged 54.5 ± 11.1 years) with mild (N = 23, 3.35%), moderate (N = 247, 35.95%) or severe (N = 417, 60.70%) periodontitis and 15,931 teeth over a mean observation period of 6.83 ± 1.40 years per patient were gathered via the Perio-PBRN. In this period, a total of 657 teeth were lost (4.12%, overall TL: 0.14 ± 0.22 teeth/patient/y). The risk of TL was significantly increased for teeth with persistent PPD ≥ 6 mm (hazard ratio: 6.81 [95% confidence interval: 5.07–9.15] in comparison to PPD < 4 mm. Additionally, BOP (3.90 [2.46–6.19]), furcation involvement, jaw, age and tooth type showed a significant influence on TL, while number of visits were not significantly associated with TL.

Conclusions
Periodontal care of patients with moderate to severe disease in specialized practices was associated with a low rate of TL. Known tooth-related prognostic factors were confirmed. However, the results must be interpreted cautiously without knowledge of risk factors such as smoking and diabetes.

Clinical relevance
PBRNs can help gather large amounts of periodontal practice-level data.

Trial registration
The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS 00011448).
Effects of wearing a surgical face mask on cognitive functioning and mood states: a randomised controlled trial in young adults
Authors: Nasrollahi Neda , Jowett Tim , Machado Liana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite significant public concerns voiced about wearing face masks and reports from healthcare workers of adverse effects on cognition, research into potential adverse effects remains limited. The present trial investigated the effects of wearing a surgical face mask for prolonged periods on cognitive functioning and mood. We tested 42 university students (18–36 years old) using a controlled counterbalanced crossover design that involved a mask session and a control session, separated by 1 week. The two sessions were identical except that on the day of the mask session, participants were asked to wear a surgical mask for at least 8 h and to continue wearing it while visiting our laboratory, during which cognitive performance and mood were assessed as per the control session. Results showed that participants reported feeling less happy and more tense during the mask session compared to no-mask control. Additionally, cognitive performance differed between the two sessions for a selective attention task, reflecting slower response latencies during the mask session, which for the most part appeared to be driven by those who felt anxious wearing the mask. Although significant differences emerged for only two of six mood scales and one of eight cognitive tests, the evidence of adverse effects in a university population signals a need for research investigating vulnerable populations. Individuals with elevated anxiety may be particularly important to target.Trail Registration: This randomized controlled trial was retrospectively registered (ACTRN12620001215910). Date registered: 16/11/2020, retrospectively registered.