bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of a hypertrehalosemic factor in Spodoptera exigua
Authors: Park Youngjin , Kim Yonggyun 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTrehalose is a major blood sugar in insects with a range of physiological functions, including an energy source and a cryoprotectant. Hemolymph trehalose concentrations are tightly regulated according to physiological conditions. An insulin‐like peptide, SeILP1, downregulates hemolymph trehalose concentrations in Spodoptera exigua. Here, we identified a factor that upregulates hemolymph trehalose concentration in S. exigua. Hemolymph trehalose concentrations were significantly increased after immune challenge or under starvation in a time‐dependent manner. To determine endocrine factors responsible for the upregulation, stress‐associated mediators, such as octopamine, serotonin, or eicosanoids were injected, but they did not upregulate hemolymph trehalose. On the other hand, injection with Schistocerca gregaria adipokinetic hormone (AKH) significantly increased hemolymph trehalose concentration in S. exigua. During upregulation of hemolymph trehalose by AKH injection, trehalose degradation appeared to be inhibited because expression of trehalase and SeILP1 were significantly suppressed while that of trehalose phosphate synthase was not significantly changed. Interrogation of a Spodoptera genome database identified an S. exigua AKH‐like gene and its expression was confirmed. During starvation, its expression concentrations were increased, although RNA interference specific to the AKH‐like hypertrehalosemic factor (SeHTF) gene significantly prevented the upregulation of hemolymph trehalose concentrations during starvation. A synthetic peptide of SeHTF was prepared and injected into S. exigua larvae. At nanomolar concentration, the synthetic SeHTF peptide effectively upregulated hemolymph trehalose concentrations. Here we report a novel hypertrehalosemic factor in S. exigua (SeHTF).
An HPLC method for simultaneous quantitative determination of seven secoiridoid glucosides separated from the roots of Ilex pubescens
Authors: Zhang Yang , Xiong Huan , Bi Jiayi , Zhao Guiyun , Yang Yi , Chen Xue , Li Yuncong , Zhang Chongyu , Zhang Guogang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA simple and specific high‐performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed and validated to simultaneously determine seven secoiridoid glucosides for the first time. Three of them were separated from the ethanolic extract of the roots of Ilex pubescens for the first time, namely nuezhenide A, ligusides B and oleonuezhenide. In quantitative analysis, all of the calibration curves showed good linear regression (r > 0.999) within the tested ranges, and the mean recoveries of three different concentrations ranged from 97.6 to 101.2%. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were <4.18 and 11.63 ng mL−1, respectively. The relative standard deviation for repeatability and the precision of seven analytes were <3.4 and 1.9%, respectively. The established method was successfully applied to simultaneous determination of seven secoiridoid glucosides in 11 batches of samples collected from different habitats in China.
MiR‐145 inhibits human colorectal cancer cell migration and invasion via PAK4‐dependent pathway
Authors: Sheng Nengquan , Tan Gewen , You Weiqiang , Chen Hongqi , Gong Jianfeng , Chen Di , Zhang Huizhen , Wang Zhigang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMicroRNA‐145 (miR‐145), as a tumor‐suppressive miRNA, has been demonstrated down‐regulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells, and could inhibit CRC cells growth. However, the molecular pathway in which miR‐145 modulates CRC malignant transformation has not been fully revealed. Here, we reported an intense correlation between the expressions of PAK4 and miR‐145 in human CRC cell lines. Transwell assay verified overexpression of miR‐145, as well as knockdown of PAK4, significantly suppressed cell migration and invasion ability. The impaired migration and invasion ability of SW1116 cells was affected through the down‐regulation of phosphorylation level of LIMK1 and cofilin in a PAK4‐dependent manner. Collectively, we have demonstrated that miR‐145 suppressed CRC migration and invasion through PAK4 pathway, which provides an attractive microRNA‐based therapeutic target for CRC.
Overcoming Linsitinib intrinsic resistance through inhibition of nuclear factor‐κB signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Wu Junzhou , Chen Kaiyan , Zhang Fanrong , Jin Jiaoyue , Zhang Nan , Li Dan , Ying Lisha , Chen Wei , Yu Herbert , Mao Weimin , Su Dan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‐1R) inhibitor Linsitinib, in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and to characterize special biomarker to screen Linsitinib‐sensitive patients as well as explore the molecular‐resistant mechanism to Linsitinib in ESCC. Our study evaluated the sensitivity of insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF‐1R) inhibitor, Linsitinib in ESCC cells with MTT assay. After Linsitinib treatment, the expressions of downstream signaling molecules and apoptosis pathways were measured by western blot. And the antitumor effect of Linsitinib and JSH‐23, an inhibitor of nuclear factor‐κB transcriptional activity, was analyzed both as single agent and in combination in ESCC. Apoptosis, cell viability, and clonogenic survival analysis were also investigated. The sensitivity of Linsitinib was relatively variable in patient‐derived primary ESCC cells as well as in human commercial cell lines. And the downstream AKT/mTOR and ERK signaling pathways were inhibited by Linsitinib, while phosphorylation level of NF‐κB p65 was obviously activated to reduce apoptosis effect in Linsitinib‐resistant cell lines. Most importantly, blockage of NF‐κB activity by JSH‐23 could sensitize resistant cells to Linsitinib treatment. Results from this study demonstrated that the intrinsic resistance to Linsitinib was predominantly mediated by NF‐κB activation in ESCC. Moreover, combination of Linsitinib and JSH‐23 as therapy provides a novel strategy to overcome resistance to Linsitinib in ESCC.
A Nonbactericidal Zinc‐Complexing Ligand as a Biofilm Inhibitor: Structure‐Guided Contrasting Effects on Staphylococcus aureus Biofilm
Authors: Kapoor Vidushi , Rai Rajanikant , Thiyagarajan Durairaj , Mukherjee Sandipan , Das Gopal , Ramesh Aiyagari 
Published: April 2017

AbstractZinc‐complexing ligands are prospective anti‐biofilm agents because of the pivotal role of zinc in the formation of Staphylococcus aureus biofilm. Accordingly, the potential of a thiosemicarbazone (compound C1) and a benzothiazole‐based ligand (compound C4) in the prevention of S. aureus biofilm formation was assessed. Compound C1 displayed a bimodal activity, hindering biofilm formation only at low concentrations and promoting biofilm growth at higher concentrations. In the case of C4, a dose‐dependent inhibition of S. aureus biofilm growth was observed. Atomic force microscopy analysis suggested that at higher concentrations C1 formed globular aggregates, which perhaps formed a substratum that favored adhesion of cells and biofilm formation. In the case of C4, zinc supplementation experiments validated zinc complexation as a plausible mechanism of inhibition of S. aureus biofilm. Interestingly, C4 was nontoxic to cultured HeLa cells and thus has promise as a therapeutic anti‐biofilm agent. The essential understanding of the structure‐driven implications of zinc‐complexing ligands acquired in this study might assist future screening regimes for identification of potent anti‐biofilm agents.
Effect of Fluoride‐Modification on the Phillips Cr/SiO2 Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization
Authors: Sun Qiaoqiao , Cheng Ruihua , Liu Zhen , He Xuelian , Zhao Ning , Liu Boping 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this work, a fluoride‐modified Phillips catalyst was investigated by using combined experimental and computational methods. The addition of fluoride to the Phillips Cr/SiO2 catalyst can increase the activity of the catalyst calcined at a low temperature and the molecular weight of the polyethylene product. DFT calculations were performed to show that the difference of the Gibbs free energy barriers between chain transfer and chain propagation increased after the introduction of the fluoride onto the silica surface, which is in accordance with the increased molecular weight of the polyethylene produced by the fluoride‐modified Phillips Cr/F‐SiO2 catalyst. The computational results also reflect the increase of the activity of the ethylene/1‐hexene copolymerization after the introduction of fluoride, although the modification has little effect on the regioselectivity of the produced ethylene/1‐hexene copolymer. Moreover, copolymers produced by the fluoride‐modified Phillips catalyst with more short‐chain branches (SCBs) in the high‐molecular‐weight fraction and a significant enhancement of the environmental stress crack resistance can be explained from the results of the DFT calculations.
Sequential Reactions of Alkynes on an Iridium(III) Single Site
Authors: Giner Elena A. , Gómez‐Gallego Mar , Merinero Alba D. , Casarrubios Luis , Ramírez de Arellano Carmen , Sierra Miguel A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSequential insertion of terminal alkynes on IrIII cyclometalated complexes allow the formation of novel metallapolycycles in a controlled and efficient manner. ortho‐Methylarylethynyl derivatives led to an unprecedented cascade combination of three fundamental processes (C−C bond formation, C(sp3)−H activation, and reductive coupling) on a single IrIII center, in a process compatible with functionalized biomolecules and photoactive substrates. The reaction with tert‐butylacetylene led to a [6,5,4]‐polycycle that incorporates an iridacyclobutenylidene in its structure. The sequence is a multicomponent reaction in which the metal not only promotes the different steps but also determines their stereoselectivity. This is an elegant example of the synergy between a metal‐promoting reaction and a symmetry‐defined stereochemistry.
Dawson‐Type Polyoxomolybdate Anions (P2Mo18O626−) Captured by Ionic Liquid on Graphene Oxide as High‐Capacity Anode Material for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Hu Jun , Diao Hongling , Luo Wenjing , Song Yu‐Fei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe development of advanced anode materials is of significance for the next generation of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, imidazolium‐based ionic liquids (ILs) are grafted covalently on the surface of graphene oxides (GO) through the carboxyl‐amino bond, providing a loading hotbed for the Dawson‐type polyoxometalate (POM) of (NH4)6P2Mo18O62 (denoted as P2Mo18). The as‐prepared GO‐IL‐P2Mo18 nanocomposite is characterized by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy, TGA, SEM, TEM, and XPS. The nanocomposite is used as the anode material for LIBs, and shows a high reversible capacity of 903.9 mAh g−1 with a long cycle life over 1000 cycles. Galvanostatic cycling tests, CV measurements, and AC impedance spectra reveal that the POMs in the GO‐IL‐P2Mo18 nanocomposite give an enhanced specific capacity during the Lithium insertion/extraction process, and the IL provides a favored contact between the electrolyte and the electrode.
Highly Selective Olefin‐Assisted PdII‐Catalyzed Oxidative Alkynylation of Enallenes
Authors: Henry Jeffrey L. , Posevins Daniels , Yang Bin , Qiu Youai , Bäckvall Jan‐E. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAn olefin‐assisted, palladium‐catalyzed oxidative alkynylation of enallenes for regio‐ and stereoselective synthesis of substituted trienynes has been developed. The reaction shows a broad substrate scope and good tolerance for various functional groups on the allene moiety, including carboxylic acid esters, free hydroxyls, imides, and alkyl groups. Also, a wide range of terminal alkynes with electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing aryls, heteroaryls, alkyls, trimethylsilyl, and free hydroxyl groups are tolerated.
Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed Annulative Carbooxygenation of 1,1‐Disubstituted Alkenes Triggered by C−H Activation
Authors: Li Yang , Tang Yuhai , He Xin , Shi Dandan , Wu Jun , Xu Silong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA Cp*RhIII‐catalyzed annulative carbooxygenation of challenging 1,1‐disubstituted alkenes triggered by C−H activation of N‐aryloxyacetamides has been established, which affords 2,3‐dihydrobenzofuran derivatives with a quaternary carbon center in good to excellent yields under mild redox‐neutral conditions. An amide group on the alkenes is essential for the process, and may inhibit the β‐H elimination from C(sp3)−Rh species by saturating the rhodium center through coordination. Furthermore, mechanistic insights obtained from control experiments suggest a mechanism involving a RhIII‐RhV‐RhIII catalytic cycle.
Resolution, determination of enantiomeric purity and chiral recognition mechanism of new xanthone derivatives on (S,S)‐whelk‐O1 stationary phase
Authors: Carraro Maria L. , Palmeira Andreia , Tiritan Maria E. , Fernandes Carla , Pinto Madalena M.M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe enantioresolution and determination of the enantiomeric purity of 32 new xanthone derivatives, synthesized in enantiomerically pure form, were investigated on (S,S)‐Whelk‐O1 chiral stationary phase (CSP). Enantioselectivity and resolution (α and RS) with values ranging from 1.41–6.25 and from 1.29–17.20, respectively, were achieved. The elution was in polar organic mode with acetonitrile/methanol (50:50 v/v) as mobile phase and, generally, the (R)‐enantiomer was the first to elute. The enantiomeric excess (ee) for all synthesized xanthone derivatives was higher than 99%. All the enantiomeric pairs were enantioseparated, even those without an aromatic moiety linked to the stereogenic center. Computational studies for molecular docking were carried out to perform a qualitative analysis of the enantioresolution and to explore the chiral recognition mechanisms. The in silico results were consistent with the chromatographic parameters and elution orders. The interactions between the CSP and the xanthone derivatives involved in the chromatographic enantioseparation were elucidated.
Lay health educators and print materials for the promotion of colorectal cancer screening among Korean Americans: A randomized comparative effectiveness study
Authors: Jo Angela M. , Nguyen Tung T. , Stewart Susan , Sung Min J. , Gildengorin Ginny , Tsoh Janice Y. , Tong Elisa K. , Lo Penny , Cuaresma Charlene , Sy Angela , Lam Hy , Wong Ching , Jeong Matthew , Chen Moon S. , Kagawa‐Singer Marjorie 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among Korean American men and women. Although CRC screening is effective in reducing the burden of this disease, studies have shown that Korean Americans have low screening rates.METHODSThe authors conducted a 2‐arm cluster randomized controlled trial comparing a brochure (print) with a brochure and lay health educator (LHE) outreach (print + LHE) in increasing CRC screening rates among Korean American individuals. Self‐administered written surveys at baseline and at 6 months assessed knowledge of CRC and its screening, ever screening, and being up to date with screening.RESULTSA total of 28 LHEs recruited 348 participants aged 50 to 75 years from their social networks. Significant percentages of participants reported not having health insurance (29.3%) or a usual source of care (35.6%). At 6 months postintervention, the print + LHE participants had a greater increase in knowledge compared with those in the print arm (P = .0013). In multivariable analyses, both groups had significant increases in ever screening (print plus LHE: odds ratio [OR], 1.60 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.26‐2.03] and print: OR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.10‐1.82]) and being up to date with screening (print plus LHE: OR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.23‐2.16] and print: OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.04‐1.89]). However, these increases did not differ significantly between the study arms. Having insurance and having seen a provider within the past year were found to be positively associated with screening.CONCLUSIONSCompared with a brochure, LHE outreach yielded greater increases in knowledge but resulted in similar increases in CRC screening in a Korean American population with barriers to health care access. More work is needed to appropriately address logistical and system barriers in this community. Cancer 2017;123:2705‐15. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Improved outcomes after successful implementation of a pediatric early warning system (PEWS) in a resource‐limited pediatric oncology hospital
Authors: Agulnik Asya , Mora Robles Lupe Nataly , Forbes Peter W. , Soberanis Vasquez Doris Judith , Mack Ricardo , Antillon‐Klussmann Federico , Kleinman Monica , Rodriguez‐Galindo Carlos 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUNDHospitalized pediatric oncology patients are at high risk of clinical decline and mortality, particularly in resource‐limited settings. Pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) aid in the early identification of clinical deterioration; however, there are limited data regarding their feasibility or impact in low‐resource settings. This study describes the successful implementation of PEWS at the Unidad Nacional de Oncología Pediátrica (UNOP), a pediatric oncology hospital in Guatemala, resulting in improved inpatient outcomes.METHODSA modified PEWS was implemented at UNOP with systems to track errors, transfers to a higher level of care, and high scores. A retrospective cohort study was used to evaluate clinical deterioration events in the year before and after PEWS implementation.RESULTSAfter PEWS implementation at UNOP, there was 100% compliance with PEWS documentation and an error rate of <10%. Implementation resulted in 5 high PEWS per week, with 30% of patients transferring to a higher level of care. Among patients requiring transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), 93% had an abnormal PEWS before transfer. The rate of clinical deterioration events decreased after PEWS implementation (9.3 vs 6.5 per 1000‐hospitalpatient‐days, p = .003). Despite an 18% increase in total hospital patient‐days, PICU utilization for inpatient transfers decreased from 1376 to 1088 PICU patient‐days per year (21% decrease; P<.001).CONCLUSIONSThis study describes the successful implementation of PEWS in a pediatric oncology hospital in Guatemala, resulting in decreased inpatient clinical deterioration events and PICU utilization. This work demonstrates that PEWS is a feasible and effective quality improvement measure to improve hospital care for children with cancer in hospitals with limited resources. Cancer 2017;123:2965–74. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Phase 1 dose‐escalation study of mirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853), a folate receptor α‐targeting antibody‐drug conjugate, in patients with solid tumors
Authors: Moore Kathleen N. , Borghaei Hossein , O'Malley David M. , Jeong Woondong , Seward Shelly M. , Bauer Todd M. , Perez Raymond P. , Matulonis Ursula A. , Running Kelli L. , Zhang Xiaoyan , Ponte Jose F. , Ruiz‐Soto Rodrigo , Birrer Michael J. 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUNDMirvetuximab soravtansine (IMGN853) is an antibody‐drug conjugate that selectively targets folate receptor α (FRα). In this phase 1 dose‐escalation study, the authors investigated IMGN853 in patients with FRα‐positive solid tumors.METHODSPatients received IMGN853 on day 1 of a 21‐day cycle (once every 3 weeks dosing), with cycles repeated until patients experienced dose‐limiting toxicity or progression. Dose escalation commenced in single‐patient cohorts for the first 4 planned dose levels and then followed a standard 3 + 3 scheme. The primary objectives were to determine the maximum tolerated dose and the recommended phase 2 dose. Secondary objectives were to determine safety and tolerability, to characterize the pharmacokinetic profile, and to describe preliminary clinical activity.RESULTSIn total, 44 patients received treatment at doses escalating from 0.15 to 7.0 mg/kg. No meaningful drug accumulation was observed with the dosing regimen of once every 3 weeks. The most common treatment‐related adverse events were fatigue, blurred vision, and diarrhea, the majority of which were grade 1 or 2. The dose‐limiting toxicities observed were grade 3 hypophosphatemia (5.0 mg/kg) and grade 3 punctate keratitis (7.0 mg/kg). Two patients, both of whom were individuals with epithelial ovarian cancer, achieved confirmed tumor responses according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.1, and each was a partial response.CONCLUSIONSIMGN853 demonstrated a manageable safety profile and encouraging preliminary clinical activity, particularly in patients with ovarian cancer. The results establish a recommended phase 2 dosing of 6.0 mg/kg (based on adjusted ideal body weight) once every 3 weeks. Cancer 2017. © 2017 American Cancer Society. Cancer 2017;123:3080–7. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Implementation of Probabilistic Algorithms by Multi‐chromophoric Molecular Networks with Application to Multiple Travelling Pathways
Authors: Fresch Barbara , Remacle Françoise , Levine Raphael D. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe implementation of probabilistic algorithms by deterministic hardware is demanding and requires hundreds of instructions to generate a pseudo‐random sequence of numbers. On the contrary, the dynamics at the molecular scale is physically governed by probabilistic laws because of the stochastic nature of thermally activated and quantum processes. By simulating the exciton transfer dynamics in a multi‐chromophoric system, we demonstrate the implementation of a random walk that samples the possible pathways of a traveler through a network and can be probed by time‐resolved fluorescence spectroscopy. The ability of controlling the spatial arrangement of the chromophores allows us to design the “landscape” in which the traveler is moving and therefore to program the molecular device.
Triple‐Doped Monolayer Graphene with Boron, Nitrogen, Aluminum, Silicon, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
Authors: Ullah Saif , Denis Pablo A. , Sato Fernando 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe structure, stability, electronic properties and chemical reactivity of X/B/N triple‐doped graphene (TDG) systems (X=Al, Si, P, S) are investigated by means of periodic density functional calculations. In the studied TDGs the dopant atoms prefer to be bonded to one another instead of separated. In general, the XNB pattern is preferred, with the exception of sulfur, which favors the SBN motif. The introduction of a third dopant results in a negligible decrease of the cohesive energies with respect to the dual‐doped graphene (DDG) counterparts. Thus, it is expect that these systems can be prepared soon. For SiNB TDG, the introduction of the B dopant reduces the gap opening at the K point and restores the Dirac cones that are destroyed in SiN DDG. On the contrary, for PNB TDG, the bandgap is increased with respect to PN DDG, probably because the introduction of B weakens the PN bonding, and thus the electronic structure is rather similar to that of P‐doped graphene. Finally, with regard to the reactivity of the TDGs, for AlNB, PNB, and SNB the carbon atoms are more reactive than in their AlN, PN, and SN DDG counterparts. On the contrary, the reactivity of SiNB is lower than that of SiN DDG. Therefore, to increase the reactivity of graphene, Al, P, and S should be combined with BN motifs.