bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Redenen voor liefde
Authors: Schaubroeck Katrien 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Reasons for love: why we can’t do otherwise than love what is lovable

Harry Frankfurt famously argues that loving someone is not done for reasons. While focusing on the (plausible) claims that parents need no reasons for loving their children and that it is absurd to ascribe a duty (or reason) to love X to someone who does not happen to love X, he overlooks an aspect of love that does connect it to reasons in a particular way: in daily conversation human beings spend enormous amounts of time and reflection to explaining and trying to understand love. I interpret the omnipresence of ‘love-talk’ as an indication of the nature of love in human beings: we love someone or something for reasons. Drawing on insights from the guise of the good-debate on the nature of desire, I argue that regardless of the infinite variety of things and persons that can be loved, the objects are all loved under the same form: the form of being lovable. The notion of a ‘lovability characterization’ entails a notion of ‘reasons’ that does not require reasons to be universalisable and that allows the loving-for-reasons view to avoid the fungibility-objection. In reply to the objection that the loving-for-reasons view makes love overly rationalistic, I point out that reason should not be understood as an external authority that commands us to do certain things, but as an internal power, integral to who we are, that shapes our conscious life, our mental attitudes and their objects.
Over desemantisering en interne conflicten
Authors: Vanderbauwhede Gudrun 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

On semantic bleaching and internal conflicts: the interaction between definite determiners and speech act related referential adjectives in the Dutch and French noun phrase

In this paper, we present the results of a corpus-based contrastive study of the way in which definite determiners, in particular definite articles and demonstratives, and a specific type of adjectives, namely ‘speech act related referential adjectives’, contribute to the establishment of definite reference in the Dutch and French noun phrase. Speech act related referential adjectives express a primarily temporal (e.g. de huidige situatie), spatial (e.g. de aanwezige menigte) or deictic textual (e.g. onderhavig boek) meaning. We focus on two grammaticalization processes which allow to explain most of the quantitative and qualitative divergences observed for this topic between both languages: the semantic bleaching of the referential force of the French demonstrative noun phrase in comparison with the Dutch demonstrative noun phrase and the presence of Dutch speech act related referential adjectives in the determiner position of the noun phrase.
Quality assessment of solar UV irradiance measured with array spectroradiometers
Authors: Egli Luca , Gröbner Julian , Hülsen Gregor , Bachmann Luciano , Blumthaler Mario , Dubard Jimmy , Khazova Marina , Kift Richard , Hoogendijk Kees , Serrano Antonio , Smedley Andrew , Vilaplana José-Manuel 
Published: April 2016

Abstract. The reliable quantification of ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the earth's surface requires accurate measurements of spectral global solar UV irradiance in order to determine the UV exposure to human skin and to understand long-term trends in this parameter. Array spectroradiometers (ASRMs) are small, light, robust and cost-effective instruments, and are increasingly used for spectral irradiance measurements. Within the European EMRP ENV03 project “Solar UV”, new devices, guidelines and characterization methods have been developed to improve solar UV measurements with ASRMs, and support to the end user community has been provided. In order to assess the quality of 14 end user ASRMs, a solar UV intercomparison was held on the measurement platform of the World Radiation Center (PMOD/WRC) in Davos, Switzerland, from 10 to 17 July 2014. The results of the blind intercomparison revealed that ASRMs, currently used for solar UV measurements, show a large variation in the quality of their solar UV measurements. Most of the instruments overestimate the erythema-weighted UV index – in particular at large solar zenith angles – due to stray light contribution in the UV-B range. The spectral analysis of global solar UV irradiance further supported the finding that the uncertainties in the UV-B range are very large due to stray light contribution in this wavelength range. In summary, the UV index may be detected by some commercially available ASRMs within 5 % compared to the world reference spectroradiometer, if well characterized and calibrated, but only for a limited range of solar zenith angles. Generally, the tested instruments are not yet suitable for solar UV measurements for the entire range between 290 and 400 nm under all atmospheric conditions.
Measuring Uncertainty Using Different Approaches: A Case Study for Acetaminophen Quantification
Authors: Francisco Fabiane Lacerda , Saviano Alessandro Morais , Lourenço Felipe Rebello 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
Investigation of out-of-specification analytical results is laborious, time-consuming, and costly and must be well documented. However, an analytical result is not complete unless reported with its measurement uncertainty. Here, we compare four different approaches for measurement uncertainty estimation used in acetaminophen quantification in pharmaceutical drug products. Measurement uncertainties were estimated using a repeatability and reproducibility study, Eurachem/Citac guidelines, Monte Carlo simulations, and a spreadsheet method. These different approaches provided similar results. However, they differed by the sources of uncertainties considered, by the procedures of calculation, and by the effort required in routine applications. Nevertheless, all four approaches were successful in assessing conformity of acetaminophen content in pharmaceutical drug products and may be used in assessing pharmaceutical equivalence.
Simultaneous Determination of 2- and 3-MCPD Esters in Infant Formula Milk Powder by Solid-Phase Extraction and GC-MS Analysis
Authors: Wang Liyuan , Ying Ying , Hu Zhengyan , Wang Tianjiao , Shen Xianghong , Wu Pinggu 
Published: April 2016

Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish a method for detecting fatty acid esters of chloropropanols [including 2-monochloropropane-1,3-diol (2-MCPD) ester and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) ester] in infant milk powder using isotope dilution and GC-MS. The fat fraction in infant milk powder samples was extracted and treated with sodium methylate–methanol to cleave the ester bonds of the 2- and 3-MCPD esters. The resultant 2- and 3-MCPDs in the samples were purified with matrix solid-phase liquid–liquid extraction and derivatized with heptafluorobutyryl imidazole for GC-MS analysis. Standard samples of deuterium isotope–labeled 2- and 3-MCPD palmitic acid double esters and stearic acid double esters were used as the internal standards. We also detected 2- and 3-MCPD ester contents in 88 commercial samples of infant formula milk powder using this system. The detection system we established showed a good linearity of 2- and 3-MCPD ester contents in serially diluted standard solutions within the concentration range 25−1000 μg/L, with r2 &gt; 0.9995 and an LOD of 30 μg/kg for both of the MCPD esters. The recoveries of the two MCPD esters spiked at 25, 50, 100, and 200 μg/kg in blank infant formula milk ranged from 98.2 to 110.5%, with RSDs &lt;4.8%, suggesting good accuracy and reliability of this method. In the 88 commercial infant formula milk powder samples, the mean content of 2-MCPD ester was 41 μg/kg (0–52 μg/kg) and that of 3-MCPD was 185 μg/kg (0–316 μg/kg). Based on these results, we estimated the exposure levels of the two MCPD esters in infants fed on formula milk, and the results indicate potential health risks of consuming formula milk products contaminated by the two MCPD esters.
Epicardium-Derived Cells Formed After Myocardial Injury Display Phagocytic Activity Permitting In Vivo Labeling and Tracking
Authors: Ding Zhaoping , Temme Sebastian , Quast Christine , Friebe Daniela , Jacoby Christoph , Zanger Klaus , Bidmon Hans-Jürgen , Grapentin Christoph , Schubert Rolf , Flögel Ulrich , Schrader Jürgen 
Published: April 2016

Abstract

Epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) cover the heart surface and can function as a source of both progenitor cells and trophic factors for cardiac repair. Currently, EPDCs cannot be conveniently labeled in vivo to permit imaging and cell tracking. EPDCs formed after myocardial infarction (MI) preferentially take up a perfluorocarbon-containing nanoemulsion (PFC-NE; 130 ± 32 nm) injected 3 days after injury, as measured by 19F-magnetic resonance imaging (19F-MRI). Flow cytometry, immune electron microscopy, and green fluorescent protein (GFP)-transgenic rats (only immune cells, but not epicardial cells, are GFP+) demonstrated that PFC-containing EPDCs are nonhematopoietic (CD45-/CD11b-) but stain positive for markers of mesenchymal stem cells such as platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFR-α) CD73, CD105, and CD90. When rhodamine-coupled PFC-NE was used, we found that ρ+ vessel-like structures formed within the infarcted myocardium, comprising approximately 10% of all large vessels positive for smooth muscle actin (SM-actin). The epicardial cell layer, positive for Wilms' tumor 1 (WT-1), PDGFR-α, or KI-67, was shown to be well capillarized (293 ± 78 capillaries per mm2), including fenestrated endothelium. Freshly isolated EPDCs were positive for WT-1, GATA-4, KI-67, and FLK-1 (75%), PDGFR-α (50%), and SM-actin (28%) and also exhibited a high capacity for nanoparticle and cell debris uptake. This study demonstrates that EPDCs formed after MI display strong endocytic activity to take up i.v.-injected labeled nanoemulsions. This feature permitted in vivo labeling and tracking of EPDCs, demonstrating their role in myo- and vasculogenesis. The newly discovered endocytic activity permits in vivo imaging of EPDCs with 19F-MRI and may be used for the liposomal delivery of substances to further study their reparative potential.

Significance
The present study reports that epicardium-derived cells (EPDCs) formed after myocardial infarction can specifically endocytose nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro. This novel feature permitted in vivo targeting of EPDCs with either a perfluorocarbon-containing or rhodamine-conjugated nanoemulsion to track migration and fate decision of EPDC with 19F-magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence microscopy. The liposomal nanoemulsions used in the present study may be useful in the future as a nanomedical device for the delivery of substances to direct cell fate of EPDCs.
Significance of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving Bevacizumab: a single institution experience
Authors: Baltruškevičienė Edita , Mickys Ugnius , Žvirblis Tadas , Stulpinas Rokas , Pipirienė Želvienė Teresė , Aleknavičius Eduardas 
Published: April 2016

Background. KRAS mutation is an important predictive and prognostic factor for patients receiving anti-EGFR therapy. An expanded KRAS, NRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA mutation analysis provides additional prognostic information, but its role in predicting bevacizumab efficacy is unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the incidence of KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer patients receiving first line oxaliplatin based chemotherapy with or without bevacizumab and to evaluate their prognostic and predictive significance.
Methods. 55 patients with the first-time diagnosed CRC receiving FOLFOX ± bevacizumab were involved in the study. Tumour blocks were tested for KRAS mutations in exons 2, 3 and 4, NRAS mutations in exons 2, 3 and 4, BRAF mutation in exon 15 and PIK3CA mutations in exons 9 and 20. The association between mutations and clinico-pathological factors, treatment outcomes and survival was analyzed.
Results. KRAS mutations were detected in 67.3% of the patients, BRAF in 1.8%, PIK3CA in 5.5% and there were no NRAS mutations. A significant association between the high CA 19–9 level and KRAS mutation was detected (mean CA 19–9 levels were 276 and 87 kIU/l, respectively, p = 0.019). There was a significantly higher response rate in the KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA wild type cohort receiving bevacizumab compared to any gene mutant type (100 and 60%, respectively, p = 0.030). The univariate Cox regression analysis did not confirm KRAS and other tested mutations as prognostic factors for PFS or OS.
Conclusions. Our study revealed higher KRAS and lower NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutation rates in the Lithuanian population than those reported in the literature. KRAS mutation was associated with the high CA 19–9 level and mucinous histology type, but did not show any predictive or prognostic significance. The expanded KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutation analysis provided additional significant predictive information.
Elektroninės cigaretės: naujas būdas mesti rūkyti ar nauja grėsmė?
Authors: Aleknaitė Aistė , Andrijauskaitė Monika , Latauskienė Justė , Andrejevaitė Viktorija 
Published: April 2016

Nuo 2010 m. tarp suaugusiųjų ir paauglių išaugo elektroninių cigarečių vartojimas. Dauguma el. cigarečių vartotojų anksčiau yra rūkę tradicinius tabako gaminius. Didžioji dalis žmonių el. cigaretes suvokia kaip priemonę, padėsiančią mesti rūkyti ar sumažinti surūkomų įprastinių cigarečių kiekį.
Elektroninės cigaretės yra prietaisas, susidedantis iš skysčiu užpildytos kasetės, kaitiklio bei baterijos. Nuspaudus mygtuką įjungiamas kaitiklis, kuris šildo skystį, o, šiam tapus garais, jie įkvepiami.
Visų rūšių el. skysčių pagrindinės sudedamosios dalys yra glicerolis arba propileno glikolis, papildomai gali būti pridedama nikotino ir / ar aromatų. Skysčiuose taip pat nustatyta įvairių kitų cheminių medžiagų.
Ilgalaikio el. cigarečių vartojimo pasekmės sveikatai nėra išaiškintos, manoma, kad jos turėtų būti saugesnės nei rūkyti įprastines cigaretes. Nėra pakankamai ištirtas el. cigarečių skysčiuose esančių medžiagų toksiškumas. Trūksta duomenų apie el. cigarečių, kaip pagalbinės priemonės norint mesti rūkyti, veiksmingumą ir saugumą.
Gydytojas norinčiam mesti rūkyti pacientui pirmiausia turėtų pasiūlyti patvirtintas pakaitinės nikotino terapijos ar kitas pagalbines priemones ir užtikrinti, kad pacientas gautų informaciją apie naujausius medikamentus, galinčius jam padėti. Jei pacientas atsisako šių priemonių ir renkasi el. cigaretes, gydytojas turėtų informuoti apie abejotiną jų saugumą ir veiksmingumą.
Visuomenėje kyla susirūpinimas, kad el. cigarečių rūkymas gali paskatinti priklausomybę nikotinui ir padidinti norą išbandyti įprastines cigaretes. Nerimą kelia ir neapribotas el. cigarečių vartojimas viešosiose vietose. Nėra žinoma, kokią įtaką aplinkinių sveikatai gali turėti pasyvus garinimas.
El. cigarečių reglamentavimas visame pasaulyje skiriasi ir laikui bėgant kinta.
A fast and fatal course of bronchiectasis: an unusual rare expression of chronic graft versus host disease. A case report
Authors: Labžentytė Violeta , Zemnickienė Silvija , Danila Edvardas , Šileikienė Virginija , Zablockis Rolandas , Gruslys Vygantas 
Published: April 2016

Introduction. We report a case of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia whose treatment with bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was followed by chronic graft versus host disease (GVHD) with lung involvement and bronchiectasis. This report illustrates an unusual course of a fast progression of the bronchiectasis due to BMT.
Case description. A 33-year-old female was diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia. An allogeneic BMT was performed. One month after the transplantation, acute GVHD with skin involvement occurred. Treatment with prednisolone and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been started. Nine months later, the patient was examined by a pulmonologist due to progressive dyspnoea. A pulmonary computed tomography (CT) scan showed normal parenchyma of the lungs and no changes to the bronchi. A CT scan performed 7 months later revealed bronchiectasis for the first time. No clinical response was associated with the treatment and the patient’s respiratory status progressively deteriorated. During the final hospitalization, a CT scan performed 1 year later revealed huge cystic bronchiectasis in both lungs. Despite the prophylaxis and treatment of GVHD and aggressive antimicrobial therapy, the patient died one year after the diagnosis of bronchiectasis.
Conclusions. This case demonstrates that a fast and fatal course of bronchiectasis, that occurs after BMT, should always be considered as a possible manifestation of chronic graft versus host disease (cGVHD) following allogeneic BMT.
Discourses in Residential Child Care and Possibilities for Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Reime Monika 
Published: April 2016

This article explores professional discourses in the Norwegian residential child care system. It discusses how the discourses serve as constraints on and possibilities for evidence-based practice when different definitions of evidence-based practice are considered. Among the Nordic countries, Norway has been a forerunner in the implementation of evidence-based practice in child welfare. However, I argue that tensions exist, both within professional practice and between professional understandings and policy aims. I use discourse theory to analyze interviews with 19 professionals working in coercive residential child care. The results reveal two competing professional discourses: the discourse of technoscience and the discourse of indeterminacy. Possibilities of evidence-based practice in residential child care are found within both discourses if a wide and inclusive definition of evidence-based practice is applied. This study emphasizes the importance of engaging in constant reflection when discussing possibilities for evidence-based practice within residential child care. Keywords: professional discourses, residential child care, evidence-based practice, scientific knowledge, professional judgment, indeterminacy, discretion
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF CAFFEINE ON THE ANODIC DISSOLUTION OF COPPER (100) PLANE IN ACIDIC COPPER SULFATE SOLUTION
Authors: AHMED M. F. , MAYANNA S. M. , PUSHPANADEN F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie anodische Auflösung der (100)‐Fläche von Cu in saurer CuSO4‐Lösung (0.25M CuSO4+0.
ChemInform Abstract: EFFECT OF PREPARATION CONDITIONS OF PALLADIUM ALUMINA CATALYSTS ON DISPERSION OF SUPPORTED PALLADIUM
Authors: PARYJCZAK T. , KARSKI S. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Einflüsse der Auftragungsmethode (Adsorptions‐ oder Imprägnierungsmethode), des für die Aufbringung verwendeten Pd‐Salzes (PdCl" Pd(NH3)4Cl2, EDTA‐Komplex von Pd) und der Trocknungsprozedur auf die Verteilung des auf Al2O3 abgeschiedenen Pd werden untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: ADDITION OF 2‐CARBOXYETHYL RADICALS TO 1‐ALKENES AND 1‐ALKYNES
Authors: STAROSTIN E. K. , MORYASHEVA S. I. , KLIMOV A. N. , NIKISHIN G. I. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Peroxybemsteinsäure (I) bildet bei Einwirkung von Eisen(II)‐sulfat das Monoanion (II) und das Radikal (III),das mit den Olefinen (IV) zu den Radikalen (V) umgesetzt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: CHALCOGENOLATES. 77. STUDIES ON GLYCOL CARBONIC ACIDS. 2. GLYCOL MONOCARBONIC ACID AND GLYCOL DICARBONIC ACID
Authors: FRANZ J. , GATTOW G. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Titelverbindungen (I) bzw. (II) wurden bei ‐63°C aus dem K‐ bzw. Di‐Na‐Salz mit HCl in Dimethylether als Etherat (I) ° 1.5 Me‐O‐Me bzw. (II) ° 4 Me‐O‐Me freigesetzt und isoliert.
ChemInform Abstract: 2‐GUANIDINOBENZIMIDAZOLE COMPLEXES OF RHODIUM(III) AND IRIDIUM(III)
Authors: GHOSH S. P. , BHATTACHARJEE P. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDer Diaquo‐Rh‐Komplex (Ia) und der Tris‐Komplex (II) wurden als Chloride durch Rückflußkochen wäß‐ riger Lösungen von RhCl3 und dem Liganden im Molverhältnis 1:2 bzw. 1:3 dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: SUPERIONIC CONDUCTING GLASSES‐ GLASS FORMATION AND CONDUCTIVITY IN THE SILVER IODIDE‐SILVER OXIDE‐PHOSPHORUS PENTOXIDE SYSTEM
Authors: MINAMI T. , TAKUMA Y. , TANAKA M. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractIm System AgI‐Ag2O‐P2O5 wird bei den Molverhältnissen Ag2O/P2O5⩽3 und hohen AgI‐Gehalten ein Glasbildungsbereich gefunden.
ChemInform Abstract: CARBON‐13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTRA OF THIOLS AND THIOLACETATES‐ LIPOIC ACID AND DERIVATIVES
Authors: PAUKSTELIS J. V. , BYRNE E. F. , O'CONNOR T. P. , ROCHE T. E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNMR‐Spektren von Schwefelverbindungen wie (I) und (II) werden diskutiert.
ChemInform Abstract: FORMATION OF TETRAALKYLETHYLENEDIPHOSPHINE DIOXIDES DURING THE REACTION OF POTASSIUM DIALKYLPHOSPHINITES WITH ALKYL‐2‐CHLOROETHYL ETHER
Authors: OSIPENKO N. G. , TSVETKOV E. N. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Kalium‐dialkylphosphinite (I) reagieren mit den Ethem (II) zu den Diphosphin‐dioxiden (III), die auch aus (I) und Dichlorethan (IV) entstehen.
ChemInform Abstract: COORDINATION SITES IN NUCLEOTIDES‐ X‐RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE TERNARY COMPLEX COPPER(II)‐URIDINE 5′‐MONOPHOSPHATE‐2,2′‐DIPYRIDYLAMINE
Authors: FISCHER B. E. , BAU R. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNach bekannter Methode wird der Titelkomplex (I) aus wäßriger Lösung von Cu(NO3)2°C 3 H2O und der Liganden bei pH N 7 erhalten.
ChemInform Abstract: PYRIDOPYRIMIDINES. 8. A NOVEL RING OPENING DURING THE ACYLATION OF 6‐AMINO‐1,3‐DIMETHYLURACIL
Authors: ANDERSON G. L. , BROOM A. D. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Umsetzung zwischen dem 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐uracil (I) und Acetylendicarbonsäureester (II) zum Pyridopyrimidin (V) in aprotischen Lösungsmitteln wird untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: THE CONSTITUTION OF VANADIUM‐(IRON, COBALT, NICKEL)‐NITROGEN SYSTEMS
Authors: EL‐SHAHAT M. F. , HOLLECK H. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractZum Aufbau der Systeme V‐(Fe, Co, Ni)‐N werden röntgenographische, metallographische und z.T. Mikrosondenuntersuchungen durchgeführt.
ChemInform Abstract: NITROXIDES. LXXXV. AZETIDINE NITROXIDES
Authors: ESPIE J.‐C. , RAMASSEUL R. , RASSAT A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie auf bekanntem Wege zugängliche Verbindung (III) ergibt mit Allylmagnesiumbromid in Diethylether die Diallylverbindung (IV), die mit m‐Chlorperbenzoesäure in Diethylether zum Azetidinoxyl (V) oxidiert wird.
ChemInform Abstract: 9,12‐DITHIA‐TRANS‐BICYCLO(6.4.0)DODECA‐2,4,6,10‐TETRAENE SYSTEM, AN EXAMPLE OF A TRANS‐FUSED CYCLOOCTA‐1,3,5‐TRIENE
Authors: MOEGEL L. , SCHROTH W. , WERNER B. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Dithiolate (I) reagieren mit den trans‐ Dihalogeniden (II) zu den Addukten (III), von denen (IIIa) glatt mit Maleinsäureanhydrid oder Acetylendicarbonsäuredimethylester die Cycloaddukte (IV) bzw. (V) liefert.
ChemInform Abstract: PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF A SILACYCLOPROPENE WITH NITRILES LEADING TO NEW ORGANOSILICON RING SYSTEMS
Authors: SAKURAI H. , KAMIYAMA Y. , NAKADAIRA Y. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Belichtung der Silacyclopropene (I) in Gegenwart der Nitrile (II) liefert in Benzol die Cycloaddukte (III).
ChemInform Abstract: REACTIONS OF METAL‐TO‐METAL MULTIPLE BONDS. 2. REACTIONS OF BIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)TETRACARBONYLDIMOLYBDENUM WITH SMALL UNSATURATED MOLECULES. STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION OF μ‐DIMETHYLAMINOCYANAMIDE‐BIS(CYCLOPENTADIENYL)TETRACARBONYLDIMOLYBDENUM
Authors: CHISHOLM M. H. , COTTON F. A. , EXTINE M. W. , RANKEL L. A. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Reaktivität der Verbindung (I) mit Mo‐Mo‐Dreifachbindung wurde gegenüber CO2, CS2, N2O, Butadien‐(1,3), Ph‐N=N‐Ph, CF3CN , MeCN, iPrCN, (H,N)2 C=NCN, H2NCN und Me2NCN in Toluol untersucht.
ChemInform Abstract: A POTENTIAL ANTI‐PARKINSON DRUG, N‐N‐PROPYL‐N‐N‐BUTYL‐β‐(3,4‐DIHYDROXYPHENYL)ETHYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE, AND ITS EFFECTS IN INTACT AND NIGRA‐LESIONED RATS
Authors: GINOS J. Z. , BROWN F. C. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractDie Phenylessigsäure (I) wird nach Benzylierung zu (IIa) zur freien Säure (IIb) hydrolysiert und in ein Amid (III) übergeführt, das zu den Phenethylaminen (IVa) und (IVb) führt.