bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Exercise Therapy Along with Relaxation Technique on Patients with Hematologic Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy-Occupational Therapy Approach
Authors: Biswas (Sen) Rupali , Bhattacharya Maitreyee , Biswas Abhishek 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Cancer is the second leading cause of premature death in India. In India, it is estimated that there are approximately 2–2.5 million cases of cancer. Cancer and its treatment are often associated with adverse physical side effects, including muscular atrophy, decreased muscle strength, and reduced aerobic capacity. These side effects may contribute to the development of cancer-related fatigue (CRF). The authors across the world have agreed that there is a paucity of studies in this field to encapsulate the fatigue caused to cancer patients while undergoing chemotherapy. About 70% of cancer patients report fatigue complaints during chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. Fatigue is usually caused by a combination of factors. Recent research suggests, however, that weariness may be induced by changes in the muscle energy systems produced by cancer and its treatment. Through evidential studies, occupational therapy by an exercise program and relaxation techniques has helped to avoid this fatigue and lessen the severity while undergoing chemotherapy.

Objective:
To study the effect of exercise programs and relaxation techniques on fatigue, physical performance, and quality of life (QOL) in patients with hematologic cancer undergoing chemotherapy.

Study Design:
The study design was an experimental study.

Methods:
The total number of patients with a diagnosis of hematology cancer selected was 240; the patients in the control group were 120 and the patients in the experimental group were 120. The patients were selected from the day-care and indoor patient division of Nil Ratan Sarkar Medical College and hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India; pre- and post-intervention data were taken using the Fatigue Severity Scale, Physical Performance Test, and World Health Organization QOL-BREF. The experimental group received 30 min for relaxation and 30 min for exercises and the experimental group was treated thrice a week for 12 weeks periodically over 3 years. The control group was under conventional therapy (chemotherapy as per their prescription) along with home-based OT program. They have also reassessed after 12 weeks.

Results:
Independent t-test indicated statistically significant differences between groups in fatigue, physical performance, and QOL (P < 0.05). At last, the Chi-square (χ2) test showed that there was no significant association between the status of health at last contact and the age of the patient (P = 0.23).

Conclusion:
Exercise therapy and relaxation techniques decrease fatigue and improve physical performance and QOL in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Accidental Ingestion of Plaster of Paris Causing Thermal Injury of the Esophagus and Stomach in a Toddler
Authors: Rai Anuradha , Mittal Medha , Mittal Santosh 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Plaster of Paris (POP) or calcium sulfate hemihydrate is commonly used in regular construction activities and medical appliances. Due to its easy availability, young children can be at risk of exposure. Mixing of POP with water results in exothermic reaction and production of heat. We report the acute endoscopic findings of thermal burn of the gastrointestinal mucosa, following accidental ingestion.

Clinical Description:
A 21-month-old boy presented with acute hematemesis in our emergency department with his mother giving a history of having noticed his fist full of POP. The child was otherwise stable, afebrile with swollen cheeks, lips, and oral mucosa with some crusting.

Management and Outcome:
The child was provided supportive care, and an early endoscopy was carried out, which revealed POP causing thermal injury of the mucosa of Zargar 2A grade.

Conclusion:
Our purpose of reporting this case is to highlight the less known deleterious effects of POP on the gastrointestinal mucosa and the importance of early endoscopic diagnosis, management along the lines of corrosive poisoning. Warning labels over the packets of POP and making them inaccessible to children are absolutely essential.
Compound Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia in a Child: Successfully Treated by Liver Transplant from Heterozygous Living Donor
Authors: Chaubal Gaurav , Pakkala Amith Kumar , Nanavati Aditya J. , Hatimi Hunaid , Sinha Rajeev , Verma Lalit , Chaksota Harshit 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), mostly inherited as an autosomal dominant disease, is characterized by decreased low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) clearance from the plasma, due to mutation in the LDL receptor (LDL-R). Untreated or treatment resistant cases can have accelerated atherosclerosis leading to cardiovascular deaths. There are very few reports of liver transplant in children with refractory FH.

Clinical Description:
A 9-year-old girl was having tendinous xanthomas for last 18 months, which remained undiagnosed until she developed early onset acute coronary syndrome with triple-vessel disease. Treatment with statins was initiated for hypercholesterolemia which was detected only postcoronary artery bypass graft. The child was refractory to medical management.

Management and Outcome:
Genetic analysis revealed a compound heterozygous variant of FH (cHeFH) with a pathogenic mutation in LDL-R, with parents being heterozygotes. She underwent living donor liver transplantation (LT) from her heterozygote father. Posttransplantation, the lipid profiles improved markedly with gradual reduction in size of the xanthomas.

Conclusion:
FH, if undiagnosed and untreated, can cause serious complications as early as in the first decade. Simple cutaneous markers like tendon xanthomas should raise a suspicion of this condition and investigations should be carried out without further delay. LT, even from a heterozygous donor, can be rewarding in children with FH refractory to medical management.
Evaluation and Comparison of the Dose Received by the Mandible, Maxilla, and Teeth in Two Methods of Three-dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy and Helical Tomotherapy
Authors: Pourparvar Zahra , Shahbazi-Gahrouei Daryoush , Najafizade Nadia , Saeb Mohsen , Khaniabadi Bita Moradi , Khaniabadi Pegah Moradi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Using three-dimensional conformal radiation treatment (3D-CRT) and helical tomotherapy (HT), this study examines and contrasts the dosage received by the mandible, maxilla, and teeth.

Methods:
Sixteen patients with head-and-neck cancer (H and NC) were the subject of treatment planning at the Seyyed Al-Shohada Hospital in Isfahan, Iran. This study examined target coverage quality, exposure of healthy tissue, and radiation delivery effectiveness.

Results:
In terms of a number of measures, including D2%, D50%, Dmean, V95%, conformity index (CI), and homogeneity index (HI) for the planning target volume (PTV) and D2%, D98%, Dmean, V95%, CI, and HI for the nodal PTV, HT showed considerable gains over 3D-CRT. The brainstem, D1cc, and D10cc received considerably lower maximum dosages in HT. Measurements of the right and left cochleas (Dmean, V55, and Dmax) revealed decreases in HT, with Dmean revealing the most significant variations. The Dmean and Dmax values for HT significantly decreased in constrictors as well. In terms of several HT-related indicators, the larynx, optic chiasm, optic nerves, oral cavity, mandible, thyroid, and parotid glands all showed considerable decreases.

Conclusion:
The findings of the comparison of the two treatment approaches revealed that the HT method was more than 50% more effective than the 3D-CRT method in sustaining organs at risk (OARs) and the target volume dose. In general, dosimetric coverage, homogeneity, conformity indices, and the absence of cold and hot patches showed that HT produced targets with greater accuracy than 3D-CRT. In addition, HT outperformed 3D-CRT in protecting important structures (OARs). HT as a result has the potential to be a more effective method of treatment for those with H and NC and involvement of regional lymph nodes.
Awareness and Practices about Using Food Labeling among Adolescents in the City of Vijayapura, Karnataka
Authors: Patil Sakshi S. , Doddihal Chandrika R. , Patil Shailaja S. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Obesity among Indian adolescents is on the rise. Obesity among Indian adolescents is on the rise and unhealthy snacking habits, and consumption of processed and packaged foods are a major cause of it. Food labels on packets provide information on its contents; however, its awareness and use are to be evaluated.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study among 206 adolescents of a 2 tier city in South India were administered questionnaire to assess their awareness and practice using food label information.

Results:
All the adolescents purchased packaged foods at least once during their school time, with chips/biscuits being the most commonly bought foods. About 86% of them were aware of food labels and only 57% knew about nutritional information. Endorsement by celebrity or peer approval made the nutritional claims more trustworthy. About half always read labels before buying, and “date of manufacture” or “date of expiry” was the most commonly read information.

Conclusion:
The awareness regarding food package labels is high among adolescents; however, their actual usage is low. There is a need to educate adolescents regarding food label use and study alternative methods to display label information effectively.
Design and Development of Mobile Based Application for Competency Oriented Dental Education
Authors: Manoharan P. S. 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Teaching, Learning and Asssessment in Competency Based Dental Education need to be digitally captured in an user friendly manner which can be accessed by students and mentor which would be useful for continuous monitoring, periodic assessment and maintenance of a digital record.

Methods:
A novel customised mobile based application MSCORE© developed for competency oriented dental training among undergraduate interns of an institute. Initial perception on the use of the application was recorded using a questionnaire from the entire batch of interns. Factor Analysis was done to check the validity and reliability of the questionnaire.

Results:
From the 30-item questionnaire, factor analysis extracted four aforementioned factors and reliability was found for 22 questions. Sixty-three percent of students felt that the application is easy to learn. Overall high scores were recorded for 71% of the students. Eighty-five percent of the students scored high on the suitability of the task. Seventy three scored the high on the satisfaction scale. However, advantages over existing written methods scored high only among 49% of the students.

Conclusions:
Mobile application-based mentoring, monitoring and assessment can be a better alternative to conventional models as it was found to demonstrate good perception by the digital natives of the present generation.
Histomorphological Study of Nephrectomy Specimens with Assessment of Prognostic Parameters in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Padmanaban Krishnan Govindaraman , Balasubramanian Vijay Anand 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Kidney is a major organ that is affected by vast spectrum of non-neoplastic (NN) and neoplastic lesions. Simple nephrectomy is done for nonfunctioning kidneys in inflammatory/ benign disorders, radical / partial nephrectomy is done for neoplasms.

Aims:
This study aims to study the different histomorphological features observed in nephrectomy specimens and to assess the significance of prognostic parameters in the evaluation of renal cancers.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective study that includes 71 nephrectomy specimens received in our department.

Results:
Among the 71 nephrectomy specimens 57.7% were NN lesions. Chronic pyelonephritis and Clear cell type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were the commonest NN and neoplastic lesions respectively. Majority of RCCs were histologically grade 2 (50%). A significant correlation was found between tumor size and grade, tumor size and renal sinus invasion (RSI) and RSI was frequently seen in higher grade RCCs. However, a larger sample size is needed to generalize these results.

Conclusion:
With early interventions of NN lesions and detecting RCC in early stages the need for surgical management and radical procedures can be brought down to spare this vital organ.
US Migration Crisis and Its Consequences for the 2024 Presidential Elections
Authors: Voitolovskaya A. R. 
Published: September 2024

The evolution of US migration policy has run several cycles: at first, the fate of immigrants was the responsibility of the employer (companies, who brought them to the USA), then, with an increase in their influx and their gradual resettlement, the lives of newcomers began to be determined at the state level. Only at the end of the 19th century migration regulation began to acquire the features of the federal government’s established policy with a vector towards liberalization throughout the next century. Starting from the 2010s there is a reverse trend – back to restrictionism and ‘descend’ of the regulation to the level of state authorities, especially for illegal immigrants. Such shift causes a clash between states and federal government, and at the same time emphasises the inability of this government to carry out objectively aspired reform.Today immigration policy in the United States can be divided into two major areas: legal immigration regulation and government attempts to solve the problem of illegal immigration. This division, albeit conditionally, helps to understand why for 30 years now no Congress has been able to work out a comprehensive immigration reform or at least agree on key areas for the implementation of its’ certain aspects. A set of acute problems of socio-economic, moral and ethical nature forms an inseparable set of challenges. It equally includes both the areas necessary for the country’s successful economic development: highly qualified personnel attraction, aging of the nation combating, increase of the birth rate, and the challenges associated with the burden on society and the increase in crime: the influx of refugees, illegal, seasonal and permanent immigrants and their families.Due to domestic political peculiarities in the modern United States, party coalitions cannot agree on even one of these areas, let alone develop a profound working system that meets constantly changing needs of the economy, foreign policy challenges, and is in consensus with states’ authorities, who would finally assimilate newcomers.Will the current crisis on the southwestern border of the United States affect J. Biden’s reelection in November 2024? What strategy has D. Trump chosen to bypass his rival? – you will find from this article.
Body composition between obstructive and non-obstructive bladder cancer: A retrospective study
Authors: APHINIVES APIWIT , Nawapun Supajit , Aphinives Chalida 
Published: September 2024

Background: Body composition measurement during cancer follow-up would increase its role in improving nutritional status. Using a CT scan for nutritional evaluation with scheduled cancer screening or follow-up would add other useful information to help the physician gain a better understanding of the patient’s nutritional status, especially in adipose tissue.
Objective: To evaluate the correlation of measured adipose tissue and skeletal muscle between obstructive and non-obstructive uropathy in bladder cancer on a CT scan.
Background: Body composition measurement during cancer follow-up would increase its role in improving the nutritional status. Using a CT scan for nutritional evaluation with scheduled cancer screening or follow-up would add other useful information to help the physician gain a better understanding of the patient’s nutritional status, especially in adipose tissue.
Objective: To compare the measured adipose tissue and the skeletal muscle between obstructive and non-obstructive uropathy in bladder cancer on a CT scan.
Materials and Methods: A total of 69 patients, who underwent a CT scan of the abdomen including the pelvis before surgery and/or chemotherapy between January 2013 and December 2022, were enrolled. Analyses of the volume of visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), and skeletal muscle tissue (SMT) calculated based on CT images were performed.
Results: There was significantly lower VAT (p = 0.012) in the obstructive group than in the non-obstructive group. SAT, SMT, age, weight, height, BMI, and tumor size were not significantly different between both groups.
Conclusion: In patients with bladder cancer, those with obstructive uropathy showed lower VAT than non-obstructive uropathy.
Why Did Princes Allow Physical Violence against the Russian Metropolitans of the 14th Century? Similarity of 1358 and 1378 Events
Authors: Кадура Н.Д. 
Published: September 2024

В статье автор обнаруживает взаимосвязь между двумя сюжетами: избиением свт. Алексия князем Ольгердом в Киеве в 1358 г. и избиением свт. Киприана князем Дмитрием в Москве в 1378 г. Инцидент с митр. Алексием явился высшей точкой его конфликта с литовским князем, начало которому было положено прославлением трех литовских мучеников. Автор параллельно рассматривает историографию вопроса почитания и прославления указанных мучеников как на Руси, так и в Византии. Кроме прочего, в статье рассмотрена источниковедческая проблема обоих сюжетов, ведь первый описан только в соборном деянии 1381 г., а второй — во втором послании митр. Киприана 1378 г. Рассматривая второе послание свт. Киприана, автор признает влияние великорусской «монашеской партии» на момент конфликта несколько преувеличенным. Взаимосвязь рассматриваемых в статье сюжетов, по мнению автора, подтверждается и последующими событиями.
The article shows connection between the two plots: St. Alexy’s being beaten by Prince Olgerd in Kiev in 1358 and St. Cyprian’s being beaten by Prince Dmitry in Moscow in 1378. The incident with Metropolitan Alexy was the culmination of his conflict with the Lithuanian prince, which had begun with glorification of three Lithuanian martyrs. Presented is parallel analysis of the historiography of the issues of veneration and glorification of these martyrs in Russia and Byzantium. Apart from other things, considered is the source problem of both plots because the first one is described only in the conciliar act of 1381, while the second one is described in the second epistle of Metropolitan Cyprian of 1378. Analysis of the second epistle of Metropolitan Cyprian brings to the conclusion that the influence of the Great Russian “monastic party” at the time of the conflict seems to be somewhat exaggerated. The connection of the plots considered in the article is also confirmed by the subsequent events.
Historiography of Christian Paintings in Syria and Lebanon in the 11th–13th Centuries
Authors: Багинская Е.Н. 
Published: September 2024

В статье проанализированы исследования церковных росписей Сирии и Ливана XI–XIII вв., выполненных в основном в период Крестовых походов. Византийское искусство сиро-ливанского региона, несмотря на провинциальный характер, обладает художественной и исторической ценностью, при этом памятники, в первую очередь сирийские, остаются малоизученными. Автором рассмотрены все вышедшие на сегодняшний день монографии и наиболее значимые публикации, в частности работы Мата Иммерцела, Ярослава Фолды, Эрики Круикшанк Додд, Нады Хелу, Стефана Вестфалена. Поместив средневековое христианское искусство Леванта в исторический и географический контекст, исследователи проследили его связь с Византией, а также с искусством латинских мастеров, пришедших на Ближний Восток с крестоносцами. Не осталось без внимания и исламское искусство, создаваемое в тех же мастерских и теми же мастерами, что работали в христианских храмах. Важной частью данной работы является обращение к ранним описаниям, исследованиям и фотографиям памятников в связи с частичной или полной потерей некоторых росписей, а также видоизменением стиля и иконографии вследствие реставрации. Автором выявлены пробелы в исследованиях и указаны неточности в описаниях.
The article critically analyzes research sources of church paintings in Syria and Lebanon of the 11th–12th centuries, which were created mainly during the Crusades. In spite of being provincial in nature, Byzantine art of Syria and Lebanon is of artistic and historical value, however the paintings remain poorly studied, especially those of Syrian churches. Here all the monographs and the most important publications to date have been studied, e.g. those by Mat Immerzeel, Jaroslav Folda, Erica Kruikshank Dodd, Nada Hélou, Stephen Westphalen and others. By placing the medieval Christian art of Levant in a historical and geographical context, the researchers traced its relationship to Byzantium, as well as to the art of Latin masters who came to the Middle East with the crusaders. Also researched was Islamic art created in the same workshops and by the same craftsmen who worked for Christian churches. An important part of this article is referred to the study of early descriptions, researches and photographs of monuments that suffered a full or partial loss of their painting or changes of the original iconography and style. Identified are gaps in research of some monuments, as well as analytical inaccuracies.
Meta Analisis Pengaruh Pola Asuh Dalam Memberikan Gadget Terhadap Sosial Emosional Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Aisyah Amalia Khoirul Amini  , Nailul Azizah  , Siti Salwa  , Fidrayani Fidrayani  
Published: September 2024

This research aims to compare several aspects of research results between 2019 and 2024. The method used is preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta analyzes (PRISMA). This article discusses the influence of parenting styles in providing gadgets on the social emotional development of early childhood. The results of this research also show that the way parents allow their children to use gadgets greatly influences their social and emotional development. The size of its influence is very significant for children. Around 9.5% to 14.2% of children experience social and emotional problems in the age range of zero to five years, which can affect their developmental abilities and readiness to enter school.
Personal Consumption and Single Persons: An Update
Authors: Rosenbaum David I. , Mann Christopher 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Kurt V. Krueger’s seminal study used 2005-2009 Consumer Expenditure Survey (CEX) data to examine various measures of personal consumption rates for single persons. Given changes in survey methods, the impacts of inflation over the following decade, changes in tastes and other factors affecting consumer demand, we re-estimate Krueger’s measures using 2015-2019 survey data. The estimation of estate accumulation rates has expanded as well. Single person expenditures and consumption rates using the 2015-2019 data differ from the earlier results. They also differ from those acquired by deflating 2019 earnings to 2009 values and using the 2005-2009 consumption rates. Experts may find it useful to employ single-person expenditure rates using more recent data.
Wenn im Mais die Beule brennt
Authors: Schaal René 
Published: September 2024

Frankfurt a.M. Mais ist eine der bedeutendsten Kulturpflanzen weltweit und spielt eine zentrale Rolle in der Ernährung von Mensch und Tier. Eine große Herausforderung für den Maisanbau ist der Maisbeulenbrand, der durch den parasitischen Pilz Ustilago maydis verursacht wird.