bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A simple and economic approach to superhydrophobic films
Authors: Zhao Aijuan , Chen Xiuli , Sun Haijie , Gao Hairong , Wang Shaoqing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIt has been recognized that a simple and economic preparation of superhydrophobic films is the prerequisite for their industrial and commercial applications. In this work, superhydrophobic films were successfully achieved on insulating materials. For such films, the contact angle can reach a maximum of 151.8° (sliding angle about 8°) with a surface roughness of 10.88 μm. If surface roughness was less than 10.88 μm, the contact angle increased with roughness, but for roughness greater than 10.88 μm, the contact angle decreased with roughness. It was further revealed that the surface hierarchical structures of the films were responsible for such a high contact angle and a low sliding angle. Moreover, the wetting ability of the rough films was different and can be interpreted using the different wetting state models. In addition, sandstorm tests and hydrophobicity experiments showed that such films could resist the external force well and exhibit a durable superhydrophobicity.
Thermophysical properties of NPG solid solution in the NPG–SCN organic system
Authors: Karadağ Saadet B. , Öztürk Esra , Aksöz Sezen , Maraşlı Necmettin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA horizontal linear heat flow apparatus connected to an optical microscope was used to directly observe the grain boundary groove shapes of solid neopentylglycol solution equilibrated with neopentylglycol-succinonitrile eutectic liquid at a constant temperature gradient. The thermal conductivity variations with temperaure for solid neopentylglycol solution and neopentylglycol-succinonitrile eutectic solid were measured with a radial heat flow apparatus. By using the observed grain boundary groove shapes and measured values of temperature gradients and thermal conductivity of solid phase and liquid phase, the values of the Gibbs–Thomson coefficient, solid–liquid interfacial energy and grain boundary energy were determined for the solid neopentylglycol solution equilibrated with the neopentylglycol-succinonitrile eutectic liquid.
Searching for Extragalactic Sources in the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea Survey
Authors: Baravalle Laura D. , Alonso M. Victoria , Castellón José Luis Nilo , Beamín Juan Carlos , Minniti Dante 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We search for extragalactic sources in the VISTA Variables in the Vía Láctea survey that are hidden by the Galaxy. Herein, we describe our photometric procedure to find and characterize extragalactic objects using a combination of SExtractor and PSFEx. It was applied in two tiles of the survey: d010 and d115, without previous extragalactic IR detections, in order to obtain photometric parameters of the detected sources. The adopted criteria to define extragalactic candidates include

1.0 <

2.1 < C < 5; and

and the colors: 0.5 < (J–K

s
) < 2.0 mag; 0.0 < (J–H) < 1.0 mag; 0.0 < (H–K

s
) < 2.0 mag and (J–H) + 0.9 (H–K

s
) > 0.44 mag. We detected 345 and 185 extragalactic candidates in the d010 and d115 tiles, respectively. All of them were visually inspected and confirmed to be galaxies. In general, they are small and more circular objects, due to the near-IR sensitivity to select more compact objects with higher surface brightness. The procedure will be used to identify extragalactic objects in other tiles of the VVV disk, which will allow us to study the distribution of galaxies and filaments hidden by the Milky Way.
NuSTAR and Swift Observations of Swift J1357.2–0933 During an Early Phase of Its 2017 Outburst
Authors: Stiele H. , Kong A. K. H. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present a detailed spectral analysis of Swift and NuSTAR observations of the very faint X-ray transient and black hole system, Swift J1357.2–0933, during an early, low-hard state of its 2017 outburst. Swift J1357.2–0933 was observed at ∼0.02% of the Eddington luminosity (for a distance of 2.3 kpc and a mass of

). Despite the low luminosity, the broadband X-ray spectrum between 0.3 and 78 keV requires the presence of a disk blackbody component with an inner disk temperature of

in addition to a thermal Comptonization component with a photon index of

. Using a more physical model, which takes strong relativistic effects into account, and assuming a high inclination of 70°, which is motivated by the presence of dips in optical light curves, we find that the accretion disk is truncated within a few

from the black hole, independent of the spin.
Exploring the Variability of the Flat Spectrum Radio Source 1633+382. I. Phenomenology of the Light Curves
Authors: Algaba Juan-Carlos , Lee Sang-Sung , Kim Dae-Won , Rani Bindu , Hodgson Jeffrey , Kino Motoki , Trippe Sascha , Park Jong-Ho , Zhao Guang-Yao , Byun Do-Young , Gurwell Mark , Kang Sin-Cheol , Kim Jae-Young , Kim Jeong-Sook , Kim Soon-Wook , Lott Benoit , Miyazaki Atsushi , Wajima Kiyoaki 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We present multi-frequency simultaneous VLBI radio observations of the flat spectrum radio quasar 1633+382 (4C 38.41) as part of the interferometric monitoring of γ-ray-bright active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) program combined with additional observations in the radio, optical, X-rays, and γ-rays carried out during the period 2012 March–2015 August. The monitoring of this source reveals a significant long-lived increase in its activity for approximately two years in the radio bands, which correlates with a similar increase in all other bands from submillimeter to γ-rays. A significant correlation is also found between radio fluxes and simultaneous spectral indices during this period. The study of the discrete correlation function indicates time lags smaller than the uncertainties of ∼40 days among both radio bands and high-energy bands, and a time lag of ∼70 days, with γ-rays leading radio emission. We interpret this as showing that the high-energy and radio fluxes arise from different emitting regions, located at 1 ± 13 and 40 ± 13 pc from the central engine respectively.
The Dispersion of Fast Radio Bursts from a Structured Intergalactic Medium at Redshifts z < 1.5
Authors: Shull J. Michael , Danforth Charles W. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
We analyze the sources of free electrons that produce the large dispersion measures,

(in units of cm−3 pc), observed toward fast radio bursts (FRBs). Individual galaxies typically produce

from ionized gas in their disk, disk-halo interface, and circumgalactic medium. Toward an FRB source at redshift z, a homogeneous intergalactic medium (IGM) containing a fraction

of cosmological baryons will produce

, where

. A structured IGM of photoionized Lyα absorbers in the cosmic web produces similar dispersion, modeled from the observed distribution,

, of H i (Lyα-forest) absorbers in column density and redshift with ionization corrections and scaling relations from cosmological simulations. An analytic formula for DM(z) applied to observed FRB dispersions suggests that

for an IGM containing a significant baryon fraction,

. Future surveys of the statistical distribution, DM(

, of FRBs identified with specific galaxies and redshifts can be used to calibrate the IGM baryon fraction and distribution of Lyα absorbers. Fluctuations in DM at the level ±10 cm−3 pc will arise from filaments and voids in the cosmic web.
Practical solutions for bottlenecks in ecosystem services mapping
Authors: Palomo Ignacio , Willemen Louise , Drakou Evangelia , Burkhard Benjamin , Crossman Neville , Bellamy Chloe , Burkhard Kremena , Campagne C. Sylvie , Dangol Anuja , Franke Jonas , Kulczyk Sylwia , Le Clec'h Solen , Abdul Malak Dania , Muñoz Lorena , Narusevicius Vytautas , Ottoy Sam , Roelens Jennifer , Sing Louise , Thomas Amy , Van Meerbeek Koenraad , Verweij Peter 
Published: January 2018

Ecosystem services (ES) mapping is becoming mainstream in many sustainability assessments, but its impact on real world decision-making is still limited. Robustness, end-user relevance and transparency have been identified as key attributes needed for effective ES mapping. However, these requirements are not always met due to multiple challenges, referred to here as bottlenecks, that scientists, practitioners, policy makers and users from other public and private sectors encounter along the mapping process.
A selection of commonly encountered ES mapping bottlenecks that relate to seven themes: i) map-maker map-user interaction; ii) nomenclature and ontologies; iii) skills and background; iv) data and maps availability; v) methods-selection; vi) technical difficulties; and vii) over-simplification of mapping process/output. The authors synthesise the variety of solutions already applied by map-makers and map-users to mitigate or cope with these bottlenecks and discuss the emerging trade-offs amongst different solutions. Tackling the bottlenecks described here is a crucial first step towards more effective ES mapping, which can in turn ensure the adequate impact of ES mapping in decision-making.
Le « macronisme » et la fin des partis traditionnels ?
Authors: Choffat Thierry 
Published: January 2018

Pour des raisons différentes, mais le plus souvent liées à l’élection présidentielle d’avril-mai 2017, les partis politiques traditionnels semblent bien en peine. Les observateurs voient un Parti communiste en mort clinique depuis longtemps, un Parti socialiste à l’agonie, Les Républicains bien malades, le Front national sous perfusion et Debout La France mis à mal après une « tentative de suicide » entre les deux tours de la présidentielle. Les primaires – de droite d’abord, puis de gauche – ont parfois vidé de leur substance les partis qui, selon l’article 4 de la Constitution de 1958 doivent pourtant concourir « à l’expression du suffrage. Ils se forment et exercent leurs activités librement. Ils doivent respecter les principes de la souveraineté nationale et de la démocratie ». L’arrivée à l’Elysée d’Emmanuel Macron a encore plus perturbé le système partisan. Pour la première fois depuis longtemps, un candidat non investi par un parti de gouvernement s’est imposé dans une élection présidentielle. Pire, ceux qui ont alterné au pouvoir au fil des décennies précédentes, PS et LR, ne sont pas parvenus à se qualifier pour le second tour, laissant l’affrontement final se jouer entre la candidate d’extrême droite et le vainqueur qui revendiquait son absence d’implantation à droite ou à gauche. Au traditionnel faible nombre d’adhérents des partis français s’ajoute depuis la défaite aux législatives de juin 2017, un évident manque budgétaire, les suffrages (première fraction du financement public des partis politique) et les parlementaires (seconde fraction) conditionnant l’apport financier de l’État. La volonté de dépassement du clivage droite/gauche a enfin contribué à faire exploser les repères et les organisations. Les ralliements à la nouvelle majorité présidentielle, venus de l’UDI, du PS ou de LR, ont perturbé les mouvements. On peut presque s’interroger sur la pertinence actuelle du vieux clivage droite/gauche mis à mal par les scrutins d’avril, mai et juin 2017. Avec cette évolution partisane, ne revient-on pas aux fondements même de la Cinquième République ? En 1958, le général de Gaulle avait fondé l’espoir que les institutions nouvelles allaient entraîner la quasi-disparition des partis politiques omniprésents sous la le régime précédent. La réforme constitutionnelle de 1962 allait dans ce sens, l’élection présidentielle au suffrage universel direct devait provoquer la rencontre entre un homme et le peuple sans que des corps intermédiaires n’interviennent outre mesure. Mais très vite, les partis se sont transformés en « écurie présidentielle » et se sont rendus indispensables. Sans les partis, un candidat n’avait que peu de chances de s’imposer dans une compétition présidentielle. Les exemples de Raymond Barre en 1988 ou d’Edouard Balladur en 1995 étaient flagrants. En 2017, un constat inverse s’impose. On peut désormais se poser la question de la place des partis, voire de leur survie, dans la vie politique.
Voler sur les deux ailes de la charité. Les Psaumes des montées commentés par saint Augustin
Authors: Favry Anne-Claire 
Published: January 2018

Dans les Enarrationes sur les Psaumes des montées (Ps 119-133), Augustin explique à ses auditeurs comment monter vers Dieu. À l’image de l’échelle, inspirée du titre latin Canticum graduum , il ajoute celle des ailes de l’âme, identifiées aux deux préceptes de l’amour de Dieu et du prochain. Il délivre ainsi un riche enseignement sur la charité par laquelle on vit ici-bas dans la paix, et par laquelle on parvient, dans l’unité, à la Pax , terme de notre ascension, Dieu lui-même.
Dimensions spirituelles du taiji quan à travers la pratique du pousser des mains
Authors: Dreyer Serge 
Published: January 2018

Depuis une vingtaine d’années, la pratique du taiji quan s’est répandue en France au prix d’un détournement de la nature de cette discipline qui, d’un art martial chinois à l’origine, est devenue essentiellement une pratique de santé avec une vocation spirituelle faisant vaguement référence au taoïsme. Sans pointer les responsabilités de ce détournement, Chen Zhi Qiang, petit-fils de Chen Fa ke (2016), une sommité du monde du taiji quan en Chine, montre qu’il ne faut pas limiter la pratique aux seuls mouvements lents : il est nécessaire d’équilibrer le yin et le yang – comme le sans-forme et la forme, le mou et le rigide – dans la pratique comme dans toutes les situations de la vie. C’est dans une conception organique de cette discipline, incluant ses aspects martiaux, qu’une véritable spiritualité semble pouvoir émerger. Le tuishou (pousser des mains), l’une des pratiques martiales caractéristiques du taiji quan , est ici pris en exemple pour montrer comment quelques notions chinoises telles que wuwei (notre définition d’« intervention minimum pour être/rester en phase avec l’autre » est préférable dans le cadre du tuishou ), le yin et le yang peuvent être vécues à travers la mise en scène martiale du corps. D’autres aspects comme le conditionnement physique et spirituel à travers le fangsong (détente) permettent de retrouver des préoccupations spirituelles simples telles que le lâcher-prise, l’écoute de l’autre, etc. Dès lors, pratiques corporelle et spirituelle ne font plus qu’un.
Production of IL-17 by MAIT Cells Is Increased in Multiple Sclerosis and Is Associated with IL-7 Receptor Expression
Authors: Willing Anne , Jäger Jan , Reinhardt Stefanie , Kursawe Nina , Friese Manuel A. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a T cell–driven inflammatory disease of the CNS. Research on T cell subsets involved in MS pathogenesis has mainly focused on classical CD4+ T cells, especially Th17 cells, as they produce the proinflammatory, MS-associated cytokine IL-17. However, the abundant unconventional mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are also able to produce IL-17. MAIT cells are characterized by high CD161 expression and a semi-invariant Vα7.2 TCR, with which they recognize bacterial and yeast Ags derived from the riboflavin (vitamin B2) metabolism. In this study, we characterized MAIT cells from the peripheral blood of MS patients in comparison with healthy individuals with respect to their type-17 differentiation. We found a specific increase of IL-17+ MAIT cells as well as an increased expression of retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (ROR)γt and CCR6 in MAIT cells from MS patients, whereas the expression of T cell activation markers HLA-DR and CD38 was not different. IL-17 production by MAIT cells furthermore correlated with the surface expression level of the IL-7 receptor α-chain (CD127), which was significantly increased on MAIT cells from MS patients in comparison with healthy individuals. In summary, our findings indicate an augmented type-17 differentiation of MAIT cells in MS patients associated with their IL-7 receptor surface expression, implicating a proinflammatory role of these unconventional T cells in MS immunopathology.
Role of the NF-κB Family Member RelB in Regulation of Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells In Vivo
Authors: Li Junhui , Chen Shuqiu , Chen Wenhao , Ye Qifa , Dou Yaling , Xiao Yue , Zhang Lei , Minze Laurie J. , Li Xian C. , Xiao Xiang 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The NF-κB family member RelB is an important transcription factor that is capable of regulating diverse immune and inflammatory responses. However, its role in the regulation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in vivo is poorly defined. In this study, we demonstrated that germline deletion of Relb resulted in systemic autoimmunity, which is associated with significant accumulation of Foxp3+ Tregs in lymphoid and nonlymphoid organs. Foxp3+ Tregs from RelB-deficient mice were functional and capable of suppressing T effector cells in vitro and in vivo, but Foxp3− T effector cells from RelB-deficient mice showed features of hyperactivation and spontaneously produced high levels of IL-2. Surprisingly, mice with conditional deletion of Relb in T cells (Cd4CreRelbf/f mice) or specifically in Foxp3+ Tregs (Foxp3CreRelbf/f mice) did not show signs of autoimmunity and had similar frequencies of Foxp3+ Tregs in the periphery as wild-type C57BL/6 controls. Both strains of conditional knockout mice also had a normal conventional T cell compartment. However, reconstituting Rag-1−/−Relb−/− hosts with wild-type C57BL/6 bone marrow cells led to hyperactivation of T effector cells, as well as marked expansion of Foxp3+ T cells. These data suggest that the autoimmune phenotype in germline RelB-deficient mice is most likely caused by T cell–extrinsic mechanisms, and further studies are warranted to uncover such mechanisms.
Fine-needle aspiration cytology of granulocytic sarcoma presenting as a breast lump – Report of a rare case with a comprehensive literature search
Authors: Sharma Abhishek , Das Anjan Kr. , Pal Subrata , Bhattacharyya Subodh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMyeloid sarcoma is a neoplasm of myeloid cells that can arise before or concurrent with or may follow acute myeloid leukemia. Very rarely, it can present as an isolated breast lump. We have diagnosed a case of myeloid sarcoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), in a 52-year-old woman who presented with the right-sided breast lump. FNAC showed hypercellular smears with immature myeloid cells few neutrophils and many large round cells with high nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli and a moderate amount of granular cytoplasm. The blast cells were myeloperoxidase positive and complete blood count, and peripheral blood examination were normal. We report this case for its rarity and as a note of caution to a pathologist to consider myeloid sarcoma in the differential diagnosis of breast lump to provide the correct diagnosis and avoid incorrect treatment of a curable disease.
Vitamin D and gastrointestinal cancer
Authors: Mahendra Ashish , Choudhury Basanta Kumar , Sharma Tamanna , Bansal Neha , Bansal Richa , Gupta Shivangi ,   Karishma
Published: January 2018

AbstractVitamin D serves as a precursor to the potent steroid hormone calcitriol, which has widespread actions throughout the body. Calcitriol regulates numerous cellular pathways that could have a role in determining cancer risk and prognosis. Low Vitamin D levels have been implicated in numerous disease processes including fracture risk, falls, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancers. Metabolite of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25[OH]2D3) regulates numerous genes that control gut physiology and homeostasis. 1,25(OH)2D3 serves various functions such as maintaining the integrity of epithelial barrier and absorption of calcium and phosphate, and the host's defense against pathogens, and the inflammatory response by several types of secretory and immune cells. Although epidemiological data remain inconsistent, and randomized control trials in humans do not yet exist to conclusively support a beneficial role for Vitamin D, results from some correlating studies strongly suggest that Vitamin D deficiency increases the risk of developing cancer and that avoiding deficiency and adding Vitamin D supplements might be an economical and safe way to reduce cancer incidence and improve cancer prognosis and outcome. The present review highlights the role of Vitamin D in cancer of the gastrointestinal tract including esophagus, gastric (stomach), liver, pancreas, and colon.
Hematological parameters of human immunodeficiency virus positive pregnant women on antiretroviral therapy in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, North Western Nigeria
Authors: Abdulqadir Ibrahim , Ahmed Sagir Gumel , Kuliya Aisha Gwarzo , Tukur Jamilu , Yusuf Aminu Abba , Musa Abubakar Umar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
CONTEXT: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) scourge continues to affect young women within the reproductive age group and pregnancy is a recognized indication for the use antiretroviral (ARV) drugs among HIV-positive women.
AIMS: The aim is to determine the combined effect of pregnancy, HIV and ARV drugs on the hematological parameters of the pregnant women.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among 70 each of HIV-positive and negative pregnant women.
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Bio-demographic and clinical data were extracted from the client folder and 4 ml of blood sample was obtained from each participant. Full blood count was generated using Swelab automatic hematology analyzer while reticulocyte count and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were conducted manually.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data analysis was performed using SPSS version software 16 while P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: Pregnant women with HIV had statistically significant lower hematocrit and white blood cell (WBC) and higher ESR than pregnant women without HIV (P < 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of platelet and reticulocyte (P > 0.05). However, among HIV positive pregnant women, those with CD4 count <350/μL had statistically significant lower WBC and lymphocyte count than those with CD4 count ≥350/μL (P < 0.05), whereas, those on zidovudine (AZT)-containing treatment had statistically significant lower hematocrit and higher mean cell volume than those on non-AZT-containing treatment (P < 0.05), but there was no statistically significant difference in any of the hematological parameters (P > 0.050) between women on first- and second-line ARV regimens.
CONCLUSIONS: There is a significant difference in terms of hematological parameters between HIV-positive and HIV-negative pregnant women in this environment.