bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Subxiphoid Approach Leads to Less Invasive Thoracoscopic Thymectomy Than the Lateral Approach
Authors: Yano Motoki , Moriyama Satoru , Haneda Hiroshi , Okuda Katsuhiro , Kawano Osamu , Oda Risa , Suzuki Ayumi , Nakanishi Ryoichi , Numanami Hiroki , Haniuda Masayuki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectiveVideo‐assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) is widely used in thoracic surgery. This study investigated the usefulness of the subxiphoid approach in thymectomy using VATS techniques.MethodsSixty operations were performed using the lateral approach (n = 46) and subxiphoid approach (n = 14). Using the lateral approach, 39 partial thymectomies (PT), 5 total or subtotal thymectomies (TT), and 2 total or subtotal thymectomies with combined resection of the surrounding organs (or tissues) (CR) were performed. Using the subxiphoid approach, 11 TT and 3 CR were performed.ResultsThere were 33 females and 27 males, with a mean age of 55 years. The mean maximum tumor diameter was 4.0 cm. The operation time was prolonged according to the volume of thymectomy (PT: 119, TT: 234, CR: 347 min). Additionally, the intraoperative blood loss increased according to the volume of thymectomy (PT: 29, TT: 47, CR: 345 g). To compare the invasiveness of both approaches, we compared 16 TT operations. In the group using the subxiphoid approach, the operation time became shorter (158 vs. 392 min), and the blood loss decreased (5 vs. 135 g) compared with the lateral approach. Regarding laboratory data, white blood cell counts on postoperative day 1 (1POD) (8200 vs. 10,300/μl) and CRP on 1POD and 3POD (2.8 and 2.8 vs. 7.9 and 10.2 mg/dl, respectively) decreased in the subxiphoid approach compared with the lateral approach.ConclusionsThe subxiphoid approach leads to a less invasive operation for anterior mediastinal tumors and extends the indications for VATS for invasive anterior mediastinal tumors.
Visualizing Collective Attention Using Association Networks
Authors: Sasahara Kazutoshi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe socialization of the Web changes the ways we behave both online and offline, leading to a novel emergent phenomenon called “collective attention” in which people’s attention is suddenly concentrated on a particular real-life event. Visualizing collective attention is fundamental to understand human behavior in the digital age. Here we propose “association networks” to visualize usage-based, term-association patterns in a large dataset of tweets (short text messages) during collective attention events. First, we train the word2vec model to obtain vector representations of terms (words) based on semantic similarities, and then construct association networks: given some terms as seeds, the associated terms are linked with each other using the trained word2vec model, and considering the resulting terms as new seeds, the same procedure is repeated. Using two sets of Twitter data—the 2011 Japan earthquake and the 2011 FIFA Women’s World Cup—we demonstrate how association networks visualize collective attention on these events. Provided the Japan earthquake dataset, the association networks that emerged from the most frequently used terms exhibit distinct network structure related to people’s attention during the earthquake, whereas one that emerged from emotion-related terms, such as great and terrible, shows a large connected cluster of negative terms and small clusters of positive terms. Furthermore, we compare association networks in different datasets, using the same seed terms. These results indicate the proposed method to be a useful tool for visualizing the implicit nature of collective attention that is otherwise invisible.
Zooplankton abundance in the pelagic region of Lake Kasumigaura (Japan): monthly data since 1980
Authors: Takamura Noriko , Nakagawa Megumi , Hanazato Takayuki 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMicroscopic crustaceans (cladocerans and copepods) and rotifers are the principal zooplankton components of the pelagic food webs in lakes. They play important ecological roles, functioning as essential links between primary producers and planktivorous fish. Individuals zooplankton are important nodes of matter flow in pelagic ecosystems. The zooplankton community structure can provide useful indicators of top–down processes, such as the magnitude or strength of planktivorous predators and the extent of zooplankton grazing. Here we report the abundance of zooplankton taxa (crustaceans and rotifers) that were recorded monthly, from January 1980 to September 2015, at two stations on Lake Kasumigaura, a shallow eutrophic lake that is the second largest lake in Japan. The data include information on 12 copepod species (taxa), 20 cladoceran species (taxa), 40 rotifer species (taxa), and the opossum shrimp (Neomysis intermedia). In the 1980s, the plankton of the lake were characterized by cyanobacterial blooms and the co‐dominance of Bosmina and Diaphanosoma in the summer. In addition, the two cladoceran genera, Daphnia galeata and Chydorus sphaericus were often prominent. The plankton profile changed dramatically in the middle (1997–2004) of the present long‐term monitoring period, when cyanobacteria disappeared and diatoms became dominant even in the summer; concurrently, only the Diaphanosoma cladocerans were evident. However, in the past 10 years, cyanobacterial blooms, the co‐dominance of Bosmina and Diaphanosoma, and D. galeata have re‐emerged. Zooplankton monitoring forms part of the Lake Kasumigaura Long‐Term Environmental Monitoring Program, which has been conducted by the National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES) since 1977. Data on other planktonic components (phytoplankton and the elements of microbial food webs) noted during monitoring and on primary production were published in Takamura and Nakagawa (Ecol Res 27:8392012a, Ecol Res 27:837 2012b, Ecol Res 31:287 2016). Lake Kasumigaura is a core site of the Japan Long‐term Ecological Research Network, a member of the International Long‐term Ecological Research Network. Our quantitative dataset spanning several decades is unique in terms of the work on lakes and the plankton therein, and is freely available. The dataset has been used in ecological and environmental programs, as well as in studies on lake management.
Synergism and Performance for Systems Containing Binary Mixtures of Anionic/Cationic Surfactants for Enhanced Oil Recovery
Authors: Li Yingcheng , Puerto Maura , Bao Xinning , Zhang Weidong , Jin Jun , Su Zhiqing , Shen Shaochun , Hirasaki George , Miller Clarence 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe surfactant structure–performance relationship and application properties in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) for binary mixtures of anionic and cationic surfactants are presented and discussed. A polyoxyethylene ether carboxylate anionic surfactant was blended with a quaternary ammonium chloride cationic surfactant and tested for a high‐temperature, low‐salinity, and high‐hardness condition as found in an oil reservoir. These mixtures were tailored by phase behavior tests to form optimal microemulsions with normal octane (n‐C8) and crude oil having an API gravity of 48.05°. The ethoxy number of the polyoxyethylene carboxylate anionic surfactant and the chain length of the cationic surfactant were tuned to find an optimal surfactant blend. Interfacial tensions with n‐C8 and with crude oil were measured. Synergism between anionic and cationic surfactants was indicated by surface tension measurement, CMC determination, calculation of surface excess concentrations and area per molecule of individual surfactants and their mixtures. Molecular interactions of anionic and cationic surfactants in mixed monolayers and aggregates were calculated by using regular solution theory to find molecular interaction parameters βσ and βM. Morphologies of surfactant solutions were studied by cryogenic TEM. The use of binary mixtures of anionic/cationic surfactants significantly broadens the scope of application for conventional chemical EOR methods.
Coagel Prepared from Aqueous Octyl β‐d‐Galactoside Solution
Authors: Ogawa Shigesaburo , Koga Maito , Asakura Kouichi , Takahashi Isao , Osanai Shuichi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStructuring of semi‐crystalline networks in water systems is significant for a variety of industrial applications. In the present work, we investigated the coagel formation from aqueous octyl β‐d‐galactoside (C8‐β‐Gal) solutions and characterized the crystal structure and crystallite network in the prepared coagel. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed that the Krafft boundary temperature (TK) is 32–35 °C for C8‐β‐Gal concentrations below 30 wt% and a knee of the Krafft boundary exists around 2.5 wt% C8‐β‐Gal concentrations. The addition of NaCl increased TK slightly because of the salting‐out effect. Powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, field‐emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) observations revealed that the coagel is comprised of the three dimensional bundled semi‐crystalline network consisting of a “ribbon crystal phase” of hemihydrate crystals. Moreover, the excellent ability of C8‐β‐Gal to form a macroscopically homogeneous coagel was demonstrated by the comparison with other representative mono‐alkylated glycoside’ systems containing octyl a‐d‐glucoside or dodecyl β‐d‐glucoside. Persistence of the liquid phase without liquid–liquid phase separation prior to and during the coagel formation was a key factor for the preparation. A novel coagel was obtained from a principal synthetic galactoside.
Longitudinal radiographic behavior of accessory navicular in pediatric patients
Authors: Knapik Derrick M. , Guraya Sahejmeet S. , Conry Keegan T. , Cooperman Daniel R. , Liu Raymond W. 
Published: November 2016

Background An accessory navicular is generally asymptomatic and discovered incidentally on radiographs. The natural history of an accessory navicular in the pediatric population is largely undescribed. Methods The medical charts of 261 pediatric subjects undergoing 2620 annual unilateral radiographs of the foot and ankle (age range 0.25–7 years at enrollment) were reviewed. Radiographs were examined to determine the incidence of accessory navicular, with focus on the age at appearance and, if present, the age at fusion. Skeletal maturity was graded based on ossification pattern of the calcaneal apophysis. Results Accessory navicular was identified in 19 subjects ( n = 12 males, n = 7 females, p = 0.43), appearing significantly earlier in the female subjects than in the male ones ( p = 0.03). Fusion was documented in 42% ( n = 8) of subjects, occurring at a mean (±standard deviation) age of 12.5 ± 1.0 years in females and 14.1 ± 2.7 years in males. Skeletal maturity grading demonstrated comparable stages of maturity at the time of fusion between male and female subjects ( p = 0.5). Based on an analysis of 160 subjects with serial images extending at least one standard deviation past the mean age of appearance, the overall incidence was 12%. Conclusion Our review of pediatric subjects showed that accessory navicular appeared earlier in females than in males. Fusion occurred in 42% of patients at comparable levels of skeletal maturity between the male and female subjects. No significant differences in overall incidence, skeletal maturity, fusion rate, or age of fusion were noted between the male and female subjects.
Scaling in railway infrastructural drainage devices: site study
Authors: Jia Neng , Tassin Bruno , Calon Nicolas , Deneele Dimitri , Koscielny Mathilde , Prévot François 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In France, about 450 km of high-speed lines (HSL) are potentially subject to drain scaling problem. A HSL site affected by calcite scaling was continuously monitored for 20 months to follow the phenomenon and also to estimate the monthly calcite precipitation rate. Drain water samples were also monthly analyzed and show high calcium and sulphate concentrations. The high sulphate concentration (~6 mM) highlights the dissolution of gypsum in the drain environment. Based on the material analysis (X-ray diffraction), gypsum is present in the subballast and capping layer. Since the drain system is a multi-environments system, and based on multi-phase reactions, the study is divided into two parts: a physical one (transport of water in the system) and a chemical one (transport of the reactants in the system). The physical processes have an essential impact on the chemical precipitation processes. In the present paper, on the basis of the collected data, the physical behaviour of the experimental site (water circulation) will be presented in the first step and used in the further chemical process study. The monthly calcite precipitation rate and quantities are given as well.
Enteroatmospheric fistulae in open abdomen: Management and outcome – Single center experience
Authors: Rasilainen Suvi Kaarina , Viljanen Milla , Mentula Panu Juhani , Leppäniemi Ari Kalevi 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
An enteroatmospheric fistula (EAF) is a known, morbid complication of open abdomen (OA) treatment. Patients with EAF often require repeated operations and long-lasting hospitalization. The goal is to reach prompt closure of both the fistula and the OA to avoid further morbidity and mortality. This study describes and analyzes the treatment of EAFs in our clinic and aims at clarifying the factors contributing to the outcome.

Materials and Methods
This study was carried out as a single-institution retrospective chart analysis of patients treated with an OA and EAF at our institute between years 2004 and 2014. Twenty-six patients were included in the analysis.

Results
Twenty-three (88%) of the EAFs were primarily managed surgically: 14 with suturing and 9 with resection and/or stoma. From the latter group two died 1 and 2 days, respectively, after surgery. Of the remaining 21 patients, EAF recurred in 12/14 (86%) patients after suturing whereas in only 3/7 (43%) patients after resection and/or stoma (p = 0.04). Among the 21 early survivors after EAF repair, four patients reached fascial closure simultaneously with the EAF repair. Of the rest 9/17 had Bogota bag or drapes as temporary abdominal closure and 8/17 were treated with vacuum assisted closure device with or without fascial traction by mesh. All the nine patients treated with non-negative pressure dressings developed recurrence but only 4/8 in the negative-pressure treated group (p < 0.02). All conservatively treated patients developed persistent EAF. The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 35% (9/26).

Conclusion
Surgical repair of EAF has a high failure rate. Primary resection of the affected region appears to be the most successful approach to avoid EAF recurrence. Furthermore, negative pressure wound therapy is superior to non-negative-pressure solutions in relation to EAF recurrence.

Highlights
Prospective validation of a blood‐based 9‐miRNA profile for early detection of breast cancer in a cohort of women examined by clinical mammography
Authors: Lyng Maria B. , Kodahl Annette R. , Binder Harald , Ditzel Henrik J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMammography is the predominant screening method for early detection of breast cancer, but has limitations and could be rendered more accurate by combination with a blood‐based biomarker profile. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are increasingly recognized as strong biomarkers, and we previously developed a 9‐miRNA profile using serum and LNA‐based qPCR that effectively stratified patients with early stage breast cancer vs. healthy women. To further develop the test into routine clinical practice, we collected serum of women examined by clinical mammography (N = 197) according to standard operational procedures (SOPs) of the Danish Cancer Biobank. The performance of the circulating 9‐miRNA profile was analyzed in 116 of these women, including 36 with breast cancer (aged 50–74), following a standardized protocol that mimicked a routine clinical set‐up. We confirmed that the profile is significantly different between women with breast cancer and controls (p‐value <0.0001), with an AUC of 0.61. Significantly, one woman whose 9‐miRNA profile predicted a 73% probability of having breast cancer indeed developed the disease within one year despite being categorized as clinically healthy at the time of blood sample collection and mammography. We propose that this miRNA profile combined with mammography will increase the overall accuracy of early detection of breast cancer.
Preparing the Health System to Respond to Ebola Virus Disease in New York City, 2014
Authors: Varma Jay K. , Prezant David J. , Wilson Ross , Quinn Celia , Asaeda Glenn , Cagliuso Nicholas V. , Rakeman Jennifer L. , Raphael Marisa 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe world’s largest outbreak of Ebola virus disease began in West Africa in 2014. Although few cases were identified in the United States, the possibility of imported cases led US public health systems and health care facilities to focus on preparing the health care system to quickly and safely identify and respond to emerging infectious diseases. In New York City, early, coordinated planning among city and state agencies and the health care delivery system led to a successful response to a single case diagnosed in a returned health care worker. In this article we describe public health and health care system preparedness efforts in New York City to respond to Ebola and conclude that coordinated public health emergency response relies on joint planning and sustained resources for public health emergency response, epidemiology and laboratory capacity, and health care emergency management. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:370–374).
Decadally Resolved Lateglacial Radiocarbon Evidence from New Zealand Kauri
Authors: Hogg Alan , Southon John , Turney Chris , Palmer Jonathan , Ramsey Christopher Bronk , Fenwick Pavla , Boswijk Gretel , Büntgen Ulf , Friedrich Michael , Helle Gerhard , Hughen Konrad , Jones Richard , Kromer Bernd , Noronha Alexandra , Reinig Frederick , Reynard Linda , Staff Richard , Wacker Lukas 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Last Glacial–Interglacial Transition (LGIT; 15,000–11,000 cal BP) was characterized by complex spatiotemporal patterns of climate change, with numerous studies requiring accurate chronological control to decipher leads from lags in global paleoclimatic, paleoenvironmental, and archaeological records. However, close scrutiny of the few available tree-ring chronologies and radiocarbon-dated sequences composing the IntCal13 14C calibration curve indicates significant weakness in 14C calibration across key periods of the LGIT. Here, we present a decadally resolved atmospheric 14C record derived from New Zealand kauri spanning the Lateglacial from ~13,100–11,365 cal BP. Two floating kauri 14C time series, curve-matched to IntCal13, serve as a 14C backbone through the Younger Dryas. The floating Northern Hemisphere (NH) 14C data sets derived from the YD-B and Central European Lateglacial Master tree-ring series are matched against the new kauri data, forming a robust NH 14C time series to ~14,200 cal BP. Our results show that IntCal13 is questionable from ~12,200–11,900 cal BP and the ~10,400 BP 14C plateau is approximately 5 decades too short. The new kauri record and repositioned NH pine 14C series offer a refinement of the international 14C calibration curves IntCal13 and SHCal13, providing increased confidence in the correlation of global paleorecords.
On Semipositone Non-Local Boundary-Value Problems with Nonlinear or Affine Boundary Conditions
Authors: Goodrich Christopher S. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe consider the boundary-value problemwhereH: [0,+∞) → ℝ andf: [0, 1] × ℝ → ℝ are continuous and λ > 0 is a parameter. We show that ifHsatisfies a boundedness condition on a specified compact set, then this, together with an assumption thatHis either affine or superlinear at +∞, implies existence of at least one positive solution to the problem, even in the case where we impose no growth conditions onf. Finally, since it can hold thatf(t, y) < 0 for all (t, y) ∈ [0, 1]×ℝ, the semipositone problem is included as a special case of the existence result.
Global Well-Posedness and Finite-Time Blow-Up of Some Heat-Type Equations
Authors: Saanouni Tarek 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe study two different heat-type equations. First, global well-posedness in the energy space of some high-order semilinear heat-type equation with exponential nonlinearity is obtained for even space dimensions. Second, a finite-time blow-up result for the critical monomial focusing heat equation with the p-Laplacian is proved.
A Study of the Length Function of Generalized Fractions of Modules
Authors: Morales Marcel , Quy Pham Hung 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLet be a Noetherian local ring and let M be a finitely generated R-module of dimension d. Let be a system of parameters of M and let be a d-tuple of positive integers. In this paper we study the length of generalized fractions M(1/(x1, … , xd, 1)), which was introduced by Sharp and Hamieh. First, we study the growth of the functionThen we give an explicit calculation for the function in the case in which M admits a certain Macaulay extension. Most previous results on this topic are improved in a clearly understandable way.
Adapting to climate change for food security in the Rift Valley dry lands of Ethiopia: supplemental irrigation, plant density and sowing date
Authors: MULUNEH A. , STROOSNIJDER L. , KEESSTRA S. , BIAZIN B. 
Published: November 2016

SUMMARYStudies on climate impacts and related adaptation strategies are becoming increasingly important to counteract the negative impacts of climate change. In Ethiopia, climate change is likely to affect crop yields negatively and therefore food security. However, quantitative evidence is lacking about the ability of farm-level adaptation options to offset the negative impacts of climate change and to improve food security. The MarkSim Global Climate Model weather generator was used to generate projected daily rainfall and temperature data originally taken from the ECHAM5 general circulation model and ensemble mean of six models under high (A2) and low (B1) emission scenarios. The FAO AquaCrop model was validated and subsequently used to predict maize yields and explore three adaptation options: supplemental irrigation (SI), increasing plant density and changing sowing date. The maximum level of maize yield was obtained when the second level of supplemental irrigation (SI2), which is the application of irrigation water when the soil water depletion reached 75% of the total available water in the root zone, is combined with 30 000 plants/ha plant density. It was also found that SI has a marginal effect in good rainfall years but using 94–111 mm of SI can avoid total crop failure in drought years. Hence, SI is a promising option to bridge dry spells and improve food security in the Rift Valley dry lands of Ethiopia. Expected longer dry spells during the shorter rainy season (Belg) in the future are likely to further reduce maize yield. This predicted lower maize production is only partly compensated by the expected increase in CO2concentration. However, shifting the sowing period of maize from the currentBelgseason (mostly April or May) to the first month of the longer rainy season (Kiremt) (June) can offset the predicted yield reduction. In general, the present study showed that climate change will occur and, without adaptation, will have negative effects. Use of SI and shifting sowing dates are viable options for adapting to the changes, stabilizing or increasing yield and therefore improving food security for the future.