bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of intravenous and intracoronary melatonin as an adjunct to primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST‐elevation myocardial infarction: Results of the Melatonin Adjunct in the acute myocaRdial Infarction treated with Angioplasty trial
Authors: Dominguez‐Rodriguez Alberto , Abreu‐Gonzalez Pedro , de la Torre‐Hernandez Jose M. , Gonzalez‐Gonzalez Julia , Garcia‐Camarero Tamara , Consuegra‐Sanchez Luciano , Garcia‐Saiz Maria del Mar , Aldea‐Perona Ana , Virgos‐Aller Tirso , Azpeitia Agueda , Reiter Russel J. ,   the MARIA Investigators
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe MARIA randomized trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of melatonin for the reduction of reperfusion injury in patients undergoing revascularization for ST‐elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This was a prespecified interim analysis. A total of 146 patients presenting with STEMI within 6 hours of chest pain onset were randomized to receive intravenous and intracoronary melatonin (n=73) or placebo (n=73) during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Primary endpoint was myocardial infarct size as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 6 ± 2 days. Secondary endpoints were changes in left ventricular volumes and ejection fraction (LVEF) at 130 ± 10 days post‐PPCI and adverse events during the first year. No significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed between groups. MRI was performed in 108 patients (86.4%). Myocardial infarct size by MRI evaluated 6 ± 2 days post‐PPCI, did not differ between melatonin and placebo groups (P=.63). Infarct size assessed by MRI at 130 ± 10 days post‐PPCI, performed in 91 patients (72.8%), did not show statistically significant differences between groups (P=.27). The recovery of LVEF from 6 ± 2 to 130 ± 10 days post‐PPCI was greater in the placebo group (60.0 ± 10.4% vs 53.1 ± 12.5%, P=.008). Both left ventricular end‐diastolic and end‐systolic volumes were lower in the placebo group (P=.01). The incidence of adverse events at 1 year was comparable in both groups (P=.150). Thus, in a nonrestricted STEMI population, intravenous and intracoronary melatonin was not associated with a reduction in infarct size and has an unfavourable effect on the ventricular volumes and LVEF evolution. Likewise, there is lack of toxicity of melatonin with the doses used.
Comparison of bacterial cultures of the larynx between dogs with laryngeal paralysis and normal dogs
Authors: Ganjei J. , Langenbach A. , Watrous G. , Hodgson J. 
Published: October 2016

ObjectiveTo document the most common types of bacteria isolated from the canine larynx and to compare isolates, degree of growth and susceptibility patterns between dogs with laryngeal paralysis and dogs with normal laryngeal function.MethodsLaryngeal swabs were collected from each patient and submitted for bacterial culture and susceptibility testing. Dogs with laryngeal paralysis (n=23) underwent a unilateral arytenoid lateralisation and control dogs (n=24) underwent an elective orthopaedic procedure. Results of the cultures were compared between groups.ResultsBacterial organisms isolated from the larynx were similar to those normally found in the oropharynx, trachea and lungs. The most common bacteria isolated from the larynges of all dogs wereEscherichia coli,Klebsiellaspecies andPasteurellaspecies. Pure colonies were more commonly seen in dogs with laryngeal paralysis while mixed colonies were more commonly seen in control dogs. Antimicrobial resistance was similar between study and control dogs.Clinical SignificanceThe laryngeal flora appears to contain bacteria that are commonly isolated from the oropharynx, trachea and lungs. Differences in antimicrobial susceptibility were not identified between study and control dogs.
Wandering and web spiders feeding on the nectar from extrafloral nectaries in neotropical savanna
Authors: Nahas L. , Gonzaga M. O. , Del‐Claro K. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDespite their essentially carnivorous habits, spiders can supplement their diets with other food sources, such as extrafloral nectar. The extrafloral nectar can constitute an excellent complementary energy source for spiders because it is rich in mono and disaccharides besides other compounds. We investigate the presence of fructose and its concentration in the bodies of wandering and web weaver spiders collected on extrafloral nectary‐bearing plants from a neotropical savanna area by means of cold anthrone test. The tested spiders belonged to seven families: Anyphaenidae, Araneidae, Oxyopidae, Pisauridae, Salticidae, Theridiidae and Thomisidae. A total of 265 (88.04%) of all tested individuals were fructose intake positive. In general, there was no difference in the percentage of positive spiders between wandering and web weaver spider species or between adult and immature individuals. Results found in this study corroborate those from other studies that suggest that nectar feeding is a common activity among spiders and it includes a new family (Theridiidae) in the nectivory spiders list.
Structural basis for the transcriptional repressor NicR2 in nicotine degradation from Pseudomonas
Authors: Zhang Kunzhi , Wu Geng , Tang Hongzhi , Hu Chuanming , Shi Ting , Xu Ping 
Published: October 2016

SummaryNicotine is an environmental toxicant in tobacco wastes, imposing severe hazards for the health of human and other mammalians. NicR2, a TetR‐like repressor from Pseudomonas putida S16, plays a critical role in regulating nicotine degradation. Here, we determined the crystal structures of NicR2 and its complex with the inducer 6‐hydroxy‐3‐succinoyl‐pyridine (HSP). The N‐terminal domain of NicR2 contains a conserved helix‐turn‐helix (HTH) DNA‐binding motif, while the C‐terminal domain contains a cleft for its selective recognition for HSP. Residues R91, Y114 and Q118 of NicR2 form hydrogen bonds with HSP, their indispensable roles in NicR2's recognition with HSP were confirmed by structure‐based mutagenesis combined with isothermal titration calorimetry analysis. Based on sequence alignment and structure comparison, Tyr67, Tyr68 and Lys72 of HTH motif were corroborated to take the major responsibility for DNA‐binding using site‐directed mutants. The 30‐residue N‐terminal extension of NicR2, especially residues 21–30 in the TFR arm, is required for the association with the operator DNA. Finally, we proposed that either NicR2 or the DNA would undergo a conformational change upon their association. Altogether, our structural and biochemical investigations unravel how NicR2 selectively recognizes HSP and DNA, and provide new insights into the TetR family of repressors.
An (E,E)‐α‐farnesene synthase gene of soybean has a role in defence against nematodes and is involved in synthesizing insect‐induced volatiles
Authors: Lin Jingyu , Wang Dan , Chen Xinlu , Köllner Tobias G. , Mazarei Mitra , Guo Hong , Pantalone Vincent R. , Arelli Prakash , Stewart Charles Neal , Wang Ningning , Chen Feng 
Published: October 2016

SummaryPlant terpene synthase genes (TPSs) have roles in diverse biological processes. Here, we report the functional characterization of one member of the soybean TPS gene family, which was designated GmAFS. Recombinant GmAFS produced in Escherichia coli catalysed the formation of a sesquiterpene (E,E)‐α‐farnesene. GmAFS is closely related to (E,E)‐α‐farnesene synthase gene from apple, both phylogenetically and structurally. GmAFS was further investigated for its biological role in defence against nematodes and insects. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN) is the most important pathogen of soybean. The expression of GmAFS in a SCN‐resistant soybean was significantly induced by SCN infection compared with the control, whereas its expression in a SCN‐susceptible soybean was not changed by SCN infection. Transgenic hairy roots overexpressing GmAFS under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter were generated in an SCN‐susceptible soybean line. The transgenic lines showed significantly higher resistance to SCN, which indicates that GmAFS contributes to the resistance of soybean to SCN. In soybean leaves, the expression of GmAFS was found to be induced by Tetranychus urticae (two‐spotted spider mites). Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate to soybean plants also induced the expression of GmAFS in leaves. Using headspace collection combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis, soybean plants that were infested with T. urticae were shown to emit a mixture of volatiles with (E,E)‐α‐farnesene as one of the most abundant constituents. In summary, this study showed that GmAFS has defence roles in both below‐ground and above‐ground organs of soybean against nematodes and insects, respectively.
Golden bananas in the field: elevated fruit pro‐vitamin A from the expression of a single banana transgene
Authors: Paul Jean‐Yves , Khanna Harjeet , Kleidon Jennifer , Hoang Phuong , Geijskes Jason , Daniells Jeff , Zaplin Ella , Rosenberg Yvonne , James Anthony , Mlalazi Bulukani , Deo Pradeep , Arinaitwe Geofrey , Namanya Priver , Becker Douglas , Tindamanyire James , Tushemereirwe Wilberforce , Harding Robert , Dale James 
Published: October 2016

SummaryVitamin A deficiency remains one of the world's major public health problems despite food fortification and supplements strategies. Biofortification of staple crops with enhanced levels of pro‐vitamin A (PVA) offers a sustainable alternative strategy to both food fortification and supplementation. As a proof of concept, PVA‐biofortified transgenic Cavendish bananas were generated and field trialed in Australia with the aim of achieving a target level of 20 μg/g of dry weight (dw) β‐carotene equivalent (β‐CE) in the fruit. Expression of a Fe'i banana‐derived phytoene synthase 2a (MtPsy2a) gene resulted in the generation of lines with PVA levels exceeding the target level with one line reaching 55 μg/g dw β‐CE. Expression of the maize phytoene synthase 1 (ZmPsy1) gene, used to develop ‘Golden Rice 2’, also resulted in increased fruit PVA levels although many lines displayed undesirable phenotypes. Constitutive expression of either transgene with the maize polyubiquitin promoter increased PVA accumulation from the earliest stage of fruit development. In contrast, PVA accumulation was restricted to the late stages of fruit development when either the banana 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylate oxidase or the expansin 1 promoters were used to drive the same transgenes. Wild‐type plants with the longest fruit development time had also the highest fruit PVA concentrations. The results from this study suggest that early activation of the rate‐limiting enzyme in the carotenoid biosynthetic pathway and extended fruit maturation time are essential factors to achieve optimal PVA concentrations in banana fruit.
Gender and the ownership of English in South Africa
Authors: PARMEGIANI ANDREA 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the role gender plays in the ownership of English as an additional language in South Africa. The question of who is a ‘legitimate’ owner of the dominant language is crucial for democratic transformation, as it is related to the allocation of opportunities for socio‐economic empowerment. After deconstructing the notion that only native speakers can be considered legitimate owners, I will present an empirical study which explores how a group of black South African university students are taking ownership of English as part of their process of self‐empowerment, and how this process is implicated in the re(construction) of gender identities.
The visible signal responsible for proton therapy dosimetry using bare optical fibers is not Čerenkov radiation
Authors: Darafsheh Arash , Taleei Reza , Kassaee Alireza , Finlay Jarod C. 
Published: October 2016

PurposeProton beam dosimetry using bare plastic optical fibers has emerged as a simple approach to proton beam dosimetry. The source of the signal in this method has been attributed to Čerenkov radiation. The aim of this work was a phenomenological study of the nature of the visible light responsible for the signal in bare fiber optic dosimetry of proton therapy beams.MethodsPlastic fiber optic probes embedded in solid water phantoms were irradiated with proton beams of energies 100, 180, and 225 MeV produced by a proton therapy cyclotron. Luminescence spectroscopy was performed by a CCD‐coupled spectrometer. The spectra were acquired at various depths in phantom to measure the percentage depth dose (PDD) for each beam energy. For comparison, the PDD curves were acquired using a standard multilayer ion chamber device. In order to further analyze the contribution of the Čerenkov radiation in the spectra, Monte Carlo simulation was performed using fluka Monte Carlo code to stochastically simulate radiation transport, ionizing radiation dose deposition, and optical emission of Čerenkov radiation.ResultsThe measured depth doses using the bare fiber are in agreement with measurements performed by the multilayer ion chamber device, indicating the feasibility of using bare fiber probes for proton beam dosimetry. The spectroscopic study of proton‐irradiated fibers showed a continuous spectrum with a shape different from that of Čerenkov radiation. The Monte Carlo simulations confirmed that the amount of the generated Čerenkov light does not follow the radiation absorbed dose in a medium.ConclusionsThe source of the optical signal responsible for the proton dose measurement using bare optical fibers is not Čerenkov radiation. It is fluorescence of the plastic material of the fiber.
Genome Sequence of the Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli Bacteriophage UFV-AREG1
Authors: Lopez Maryoris E. Soto , Batalha Laís Silva , Vidigal Pedro Marcus Pereira , Albino Luiz Augusto A. , Boggione Delaine Meireles Gouveia , Gontijo Marco Tulio Pardini , Bazzolli Denise M. Soares , Mendonca Regina C. Santos 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the genome sequence of the
Escherichia coli
bacteriophage UFV-AREG1. This phage was isolated from cowshed wastewater and showed specificity for enterohemorrhagic
E. coli
O157:H7 (ATCC 43895),
E. coli
0111 (CDC O11ab) and
E. coli
(ATCC 23229).
Complete Genome Sequence of NC983, a Live Attenuated Strain of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium
Authors: Troxell Bryan , Fink Ryan C. , Dickey Allison N. , Scholl Elizabeth H. , Hassan Hosni M. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Foodborne infections caused by
Salmonella enterica
serovars are a significant problem worldwide. Presented here is the genome sequence of the nontyphoidal
S. enterica
serovar Typhimurium mutant strain NC983, a potential vaccine candidate.
Whole-Genome Sequence of a Beak and Feather Disease Virus Isolate from a Fledgling Red-Capped Parrot (
Purpureicephalus spurius
)
Authors: Das Shubhagata , Subir Sarker , Forwood Jade K. , Ghorashi Seyed A. , Raidal Shane R. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

The complete genome sequence of beak and feather disease virus (BFDV) from a fledgling red-capped parrot (
Purpureicephalus spurius
) was assembled and characterized. The genome consists of 1,995 nucleotides and encodes two major proteins in opposing directions. This is the first evidence of BFDV infectivity and a complete genome sequence for this novel host.
Complete Genome Sequence of Zika Virus Isolated from Semen
Authors: Atkinson Barry , Graham Victoria , Miles Rory W. , Lewandowski Kuiama , Dowall Stuart D. , Pullan Steven T. , Hewson Roger 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogenic flavivirus currently circulating in numerous countries in South America, the Caribbean, and the Western Pacific Region. Using an unbiased metagenomic sequencing approach, we report here the first complete genome sequence of ZIKV isolated from a clinical semen sample.
Genome Sequence of Mycoplasma hyorhinis Isolated from Cell Cultures
Authors: Cibulski Samuel Paulo , Siqueira Franciele Maboni , Teixeira Thais Fumaco , Mayer Fabiana Quoos , Almeida Luiz Gonzaga , Roehe Paulo Michel 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Mycoplasmas are major contaminants of mammalian cell cultures. Here, the complete genome sequence of
Mycoplasma hyorhinis
recovered from Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells is reported.
Draft Genome Sequence of Tenacibaculum soleae UCD-KL19
Authors: Lujan Karley M. , Eisen Jonathan A. , Coil David A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome sequence of
Tenacibaculum soleae
strain UCD-KL19. The assembly contains 3,012,701 bp in 46 contigs. This strain was isolated from a seagrass leaf (
Zostera marina
) collected from Bodega Bay, CA, as a part of an undergraduate student research project on isolating bacteria from seagrass.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Gordonia
sp. Strain UCD-TK1 (Phylum
Actinobacteria
)
Authors: Koenigsaecker Tynisha M. , Eisen Jonathan A. , Coil David A. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

Here, we present the draft genome of
Gordonia
sp. strain UCD-TK1. The assembly contains 5,470,576 bp in 98 contigs. This strain was isolated from a disinfected ambulatory surgery center.
Draft Genome Sequences of Four Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated from Turkey-Associated Sources
Authors: Khajanchi Bijay K. , Han Jing , Gokulan Kuppan , Zhao Shaohua , Gies Allen , Foley Steven L. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

We report the draft genomes of four
Salmonella enterica
isolates evaluated for the contribution of plasmids to virulence. Strains SE163A, SE696A, and SE710A carry plasmids demonstrated to facilitate plasmid-associated virulence, while SE819 is less virulent and has been used as a recipient for conjugation experiments to assess plasmid-encoded virulence mechanisms.
Complete Genome Sequences of Bordetella flabilis, Bordetella bronchialis, and “
Bordetella pseudohinzii
”
Authors: Spilker Theodore , Darrah Rebecca , LiPuma John J. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT

We report here the complete genome sequences of
Bordetella flabilis
and
Bordetella bronchialis
recovered from cultures of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF), and “
Bordetella pseudohinzii
” recovered from a CF mouse model.
Introduction to Preharvest Food Safety
Authors: Torrence Mary E. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTThis introductory article provides an overview of preharvest food safety activities and initiatives for the past 15 years. The section on traditional areas of preharvest food safety focuses on significant scientific advancements that are a culmination of collaborative efforts (both public health and agriculture) and significant research results. The highlighted advancements provide the foundation for exploring future preharvest areas and for improving and focusing on more specific intervention/control/prevention strategies. Examples includeEscherichia coliand cattle,SalmonellaandCampylobacterin poultry, and interventions and prevention and control programs. The section on “nontraditional” preharvest food safety areas brings attention to potential emerging food safety issues and to future food safety research directions. These include organic production, the FDA’s Produce Rule (water and manure), genomic sequencing, antimicrobial resistance, and performance metrics. The concluding section emphasizes important themes such as strategic planning, coordination, epidemiology, and the need for understanding food safety production as a continuum. Food safety research, whether at the pre- or postharvest level, will continue to be a fascinating complex web of foodborne pathogens, risk factors, and scientific and policy interactions. Food safety priorities and research must continue to evolve with emerging global issues, emerging technologies, and methods but remain grounded in a multidisciplinary, collaborative, and systematic approach.
Neonatal vaccination of low birthweight infants in Ghana
Authors: O'Leary Maureen , Edmond Karen , Floyd Sian , Hurt Lisa , Shannon Caitlin , Thomas Gyan , Newton Sam , Kirkwood Betty , Thomas Sara 
Published: October 2016

ObjectivesGlobal vaccination policy advocates for identifying and targeting groups who are underserved by vaccination to increase equity and uptake. We investigated whether birth weight and other factors are determinants of neonatal BCG vaccination in order to identify infants underserved by vaccination.MethodsWe used logistic regression to calculate adjusted ORs (AORs) for the association between birth weight (categorised as non-low birth weight (NLBW) (≥2.50 kg) and low birth weight (LBW) (2–2.49 kg, 1.50–1.99 kg and <1.50 kg)) and non-vaccination with BCG at the end of the neonatal period (0–27 days). We assessed whether this association varied by place of delivery and infant illness. We calculated how BCG timing and uptake would improve by ensuring the vaccination of all facility-born infants prior to discharge.ResultsThere was a strong dose–response relationship between LBW and not receiving BCG in the neonatal period (p-trend<0.0001). Infants weighing 1.50–1.99 kg had odds of non-vaccination 1.6 times (AOR 1.64; 95% CI 1.30 to 2.08), and those weighing <1.50 kg 2.4 times (AOR 2.42; 95% CI 1.50 to 3.88) those of NLBW infants. Other determinants included place of delivery, distance to the health facility and socioeconomic status. Neither place of delivery nor infant illness modified the association between birth weight and vaccination (p-interaction all >0.19). Facility-born infants were vaccinated at a mean of 6 days, suggesting that they were not vaccinated in the facility at birth but were referred for vaccination.ConclusionsLBW is a risk factor for neonatal under-vaccination, even for facility-born infants. Ensuring vaccination at facility births would substantively improve timing and equitable BCG vaccination.