bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mind the gap? Civil society policy engagement and the pursuit of gender justice: critical discourse analysis of the implementation of the Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action in Africa 2003–2015
Authors: Chaney Paul 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT
This article presents critical discourse analysis of state and civil society organisations’ efforts to implement the gender mainstreaming goals set out in the United Nations’ Beijing Declaration. It is argued that the latter represents a generational opportunity to apply a Feminist Political Economic Framework to development in Africa. However, the research findings show how current practice falls short of the sought-after participative democratic model of mainstreaming. Instead, analysis reveals significant differences in state and civil society organisations’ policy framing, issues over conceptual clarity and a disjuncture in state and civil society prioritisation of key gendered issues such as poverty, economic inequality and conflict resolution. This matters because it indicates that the capacity of the civil sphere to act as a political arena from which NGOs may challenge the traditionally male-dominated power structures is being undermined by a ‘disconnect’ between state and civil society as they pursue contrasting agendas.
Shared Gene Expression Patterns in Mesenchymal Progenitors Derived from Lung and Epidermis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Identifying Key Pathways in Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Authors: Gaskill Christa , Marriott Shennea , Pratap Sidd , Menon Swapna , Hedges Lora K. , Fessel Joshua P. , Kropski Jonathan A. , Ames DeWayne , Wheeler Lisa , Loyd James E. , Hemnes Anna R. , Roop Dennis R. , Klemm Dwight J. , Austin Eric D. , Majka Susan M. 
Published: June 2016

Rapid access to lung‐derived cells from stable subjects is a major challenge in the pulmonary hypertension field, given the relative contraindication of lung biopsy. In these studies, we sought to demonstrate the importance of evaluating a cell type that actively participates in disease processes, as well as the potential to translate these findings to vascular beds in other nonlung tissues, in this instance perivascular skin mesenchymal cells (MCs). We utilized posttransplant or autopsy lung explant–derived cells (ABCG2‐expressing mesenchymal progenitor cells [MPCs], fibroblasts) and skin‐derived MCs to test the hypothesis that perivascular ABCG2 MPCs derived from pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) patient lung and skin would express a gene profile reflective of ongoing vascular dysfunction. By analyzing the genetic signatures and pathways associated with abnormal ABCG2 lung MPC phenotypes during PAH and evaluating them in lung‐ and skin‐derived MCs, we have identified potential predictor genes for detection of PAH as well as a targetable mechanism to restore MPCs and microvascular function. These studies are the first to explore the utility of expanding the study of ABCG2 MPC regulation of the pulmonary microvasculature to the epidermis, in order to identify potential markers for adult lung vascular disease, such as PAH.
Pulmonary Vascular and Ventricular Dysfunction in the Susceptible Patient (2015 Grover Conference Series)
Authors: Maron Bradley A. , Machado Roberto F. , Shimoda Larissa 
Published: June 2016

Pulmonary blood vessel structure and tone are maintained by a complex interplay between endogenous vasoactive factors and oxygen‐sensing intermediaries. Under physiological conditions, these signaling networks function as an adaptive interface between the pulmonary circulation and environmental or acquired perturbations to preserve oxygenation and maintain systemic delivery of oxygen‐rich hemoglobin. Chronic exposure to hypoxia, however, triggers a range of pathogenetic mechanisms that include hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α)–dependent upregulation of the vasoconstrictor peptide endothelin 1 in pulmonary endothelial cells. In pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, chronic hypoxia induces HIF‐1α‐mediated upregulation of canonical transient receptor potential proteins, as well as increased Rho kinase‐Ca2+ signaling and pulmonary arteriole synthesis of the profibrotic hormone aldosterone. Collectively, these mechanisms contribute to a contractile or hypertrophic pulmonary vascular phenotype. Genetically inherited disorders in hemoglobin structure are also an important etiology of abnormal pulmonary vasoreactivity. In sickle cell anemia, for example, consumption of the vasodilator and antimitogenic molecule nitric oxide by cell‐free hemoglobin is an important mechanism underpinning pulmonary hypertension. Contemporary genomic and transcriptomic analytic methods have also allowed for the discovery of novel risk factors relevant to sickle cell disease, including GALNT13 gene variants. In this report, we review cutting‐edge observations characterizing these and other pathobiological mechanisms that contribute to pulmonary vascular and right ventricular vulnerability.
Predicting mortality over different time horizons: which data elements are needed?
Authors: Goldstein Benjamin A , Pencina Michael J , Montez-Rath Maria E , Winkelmayer Wolfgang C 
Published: June 2016

Objective: Electronic health records (EHRs) are a resource for “big data” analytics, containing a variety of data elements. We investigate how different categories of information contribute to prediction of mortality over different time horizons among patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment.Material and Methods: We derived prediction models for mortality over 7 time horizons using EHR data on older patients from a national chain of dialysis clinics linked with administrative data using LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) regression. We assessed how different categories of information relate to risk assessment and compared discrete models to time-to-event models.Results: The best predictors used all the available data (c-statistic ranged from 0.72–0.76), with stronger models in the near term. While different variable groups showed different utility, exclusion of any particular group did not lead to a meaningfully different risk assessment. Discrete time models performed better than time-to-event models.Conclusions: Different variable groups were predictive over different time horizons, with vital signs most predictive for near-term mortality and demographic and comorbidities more important in long-term mortality.
Comparison of accuracy of physical examination findings in initial progress notes between paper charts and a newly implemented electronic health record
Authors: Yadav Siddhartha , Kazanji Noora , K C Narayan , Paudel Sudarshan , Falatko John , Shoichet Sandor , Maddens Michael , Barnes Michael A 
Published: June 2016

Introduction: There have been several concerns about the quality of documentation in electronic health records (EHRs) when compared to paper charts. This study compares the accuracy of physical examination findings documentation between the two in initial progress notes.Methodology: Initial progress notes from patients with 5 specific diagnoses with invariable physical findings admitted to Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, between August 2011 and July 2013 were randomly selected for this study. A total of 500 progress notes were retrospectively reviewed. The paper chart arm consisted of progress notes completed prior to the transition to an EHR on July 1, 2012. The remaining charts were placed in the EHR arm. The primary endpoints were accuracy, inaccuracy, and omission of information. Secondary endpoints were time of initiation of progress note, word count, number of systems documented, and accuracy based on level of training.Results: The rate of inaccurate documentation was significantly higher in the EHRs compared to the paper charts (24.4% vs 4.4%). However, expected physical examination findings were more likely to be omitted in the paper notes compared to EHRs (41.2% vs 17.6%). Resident physicians had a smaller number of inaccuracies (5.3% vs 17.3%) and omissions (16.8% vs 33.9%) compared to attending physicians.Conclusions: During the initial phase of implementation of an EHR, inaccuracies were more common in progress notes in the EHR compared to the paper charts. Residents had a lower rate of inaccuracies and omissions compared to attending physicians. Further research is needed to identify training methods and incentives that can reduce inaccuracies in EHRs during initial implementation.
An accretion disc-irradiation hybrid model for the optical/UV variability in radio-quiet quasars
Authors: Liu Hui , Li Shuang-Liang , Gu Minfeng , Guo Hengxiao 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The optical/ultraviolet (UV) variability of quasars has been discovered to be correlated with other quasar properties, such as luminosity, black hole mass and rest-frame wavelength. However, the origin of variability has been a puzzle so far. In this work, we upgrade the accretion disc model, which assumed the variability is caused by the change of global mass accretion rate, by constraining the disc size to match the viscous time-scale of accretion disc to the variability time-scale observed and by including the irradiation/X-ray reprocessing to make the emitted spectrum become steeper. We find this hybrid model can reproduce the observed bluer-when-brighter trend quite well, which is used to validate the theoretical model by several works recently. The traditional correlation between the variability amplitude and rest-frame wavelength can also be well fitted by our model. In addition, a weak positive correlation between variability amplitude and black hole mass is present, qualitatively consistent with recent observations.
Roman Spain
Authors: De Brestian Scott 
Published: June 2016

Spain was one of Rome’s first overseas provinces beyond the Italian islands (Sicily, Sardinia, and Corsica) and remained under Roman control for longer than most parts of the Western Empire, with northeastern Spain under at least nominal Roman control until 474 ce. From its earliest days Roman Spain (or Hispania) was divided into two or more provinces, eventually encompassing all of the modern countries of Spain and Portugal (although for convenience, the term “Roman Spain” generally includes both). This article therefore will focus on the mainland territory of those two countries, leaving aside Spain’s Mediterranean and African possessions (Balearic and Canary Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla), which will be treated elsewhere. Traditionally the study of Roman Spain is divided into three chronological periods: the Roman Republic, which extends from Rome’s first dealings in Spain at the start of the Second Punic War to the rise of Augustus as first emperor in 27 bce, although this period is sometimes extended to the end of the Cantabrian Wars in 19 bce, which mark the completion of the Roman conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. The Early Empire spans the period from the late 1st century bce to the 3rd century ce. No universally acknowledged date marks the end of this period, although the end of the Severan dynasty in 235 ce or the Frankish invasion of 258 ce is sometimes used; this article employs the former. The Late Empire stretches from the 3rd century to the invasions of 409 ce or the final conquest of Spain by the Visigoths in 474 ce, depending on the region being discussed. Roman Spain has often been somewhat neglected by scholars outside the peninsula, due to the political history of Spain and the lack of a large number of prominent international schools, as are found in Italy and Greece, although the Deutsches Archäologisches Institut in Madrid and the French-sponsored Casa de Velázquez are important exceptions. The result is that scholars working in other parts of the Roman world are not as acquainted with Roman Spain as its importance in Roman history would otherwise merit.
Mary Wollstonecraft
Authors: Tomaselli Sylvana 
Published: June 2016

Best known for her Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), Mary Wollstonecraft (b. 1759–d. 1797) was a literary and social critic as well as a moralist, novelist, and philosopher. She is remembered today principally for her penetrating assessment of the condition of women, but she continues to elicit much interest for her contributions to philosophy, especially political philosophy, and literature, including travel literature. While she had a good number of detractors following her death, owing mostly to the publication of details about her private life by her husband, William Godwin (b. 1756–d. 1836), she continued to be and remains an engaging author for feminists and political theorists more generally. One of the reasons for this enduring appeal is that her reflections on the status of the female sex were part of a comprehensive understanding of human relations within a civilization she perceived to be increasingly governed by acquisitiveness. Her first publication dealt with the education of daughters; she went on to write about politics, history, and various aspects of philosophy in different genres that included critical reviews, translations, pamphlets, and fiction. Her influence thus went beyond the substantial contribution to feminism with which she is mostly associated and extended to shaping the art of travel writing as a literary genre and, through her account of her journey through Scandinavia, she had an impact on the Romantic movement. Her critique of slavery and inequality as well as her understanding of the nature of modern commercial society are gradually being integrated into contemporary philosophical debates. Sandrine Bergès of Bilkent University, Ankara, assisted in the editing and revising of the initial version of this article, and Grace Flanagan and Samuel Harrison, University of Cambridge, in the present one.
Favorable Socioeconomic Status and Recreational Polydrug Use Are Linked With Sexual Hepatitis C Virus Transmission Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Chen Yun-Chi , Wiberg Kjell J. , Hsieh Yu-Hsiang , Bansal Arun , Bolzan Philipe , Guy Janelle A. , Maina Erastus N. , Cox Andrea L. , Thio Chloe L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground.  Sexual transmission of hepatitis C virus (HCV) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected men who have sex with men (MSM) is an emerging issue. Studies addressing the temporal trends and risk factors associated with incident HCV in HIV-infected MSM in the community-based primary care settings in the United States are scarce.Methods.  Using a retrospective cohort study design, HCV incidence, defined as HCV antibody seroconversion, was determined in 1147 HIV-infected men receiving care at Chase Brexton Health Care clinics in Baltimore, Maryland between 2004 and 2014. Multivariate regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with incident HCV.Results.  There were 42 incident HCV infections during 5242 person-years (PY) of follow up (incidence rate [IR], 8.01/1000 PY). Thirty-seven (88%) of the incident infections were in MSM, of whom 31 (84%) reported no injection-drug use (IDU). The annual IRs for MSM were 13.1–15.8/1000 PY between 2004 and 2007, decreased to 2.7–6.2/1000 PY between 2008 and 2011, and increased to 10.4/1000 PY and 13.3/1000 PY in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Injection-drug use was strongly associated with incident HCV among all MSM (IR ratio [IRR], 14.15; P = .003); however, among MSM without IDU, entering care between 2010 and 2013 (IRR, 3.32; P = .01), being employed (IRR, 3.14; P = .03), and having a history of ulcerative sexually transmitted infections (IRR, 3.70; P = .009) or of polydrug use (IRR, 5.54; P = .01) independently predicted incident HCV.Conclusions.  In this cohort of HIV-infected men, a re-emerging HCV epidemic was observed from 2011 to 2014 among MSM. In addition to IDU, high-risk sexual behaviors, favorable socioeconomic status, and polydrug use fueled this increase in HCV infections.
Locating the ligand binding Sites for the G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) using combined information from docking and sequence conservation
Authors: Vidad Ashley R. , Macaspac Stephen , Ng Ho Leung 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHigh concentrations of estrogenic compounds can overstimulate estrogen receptors and potentially lead to breast, ovarian, and cervical cancers. Recently, a G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER/GPR30) was discovered that has no structural similarity to the well-characterized, classical estrogen receptor ERα. The crystal structure of GPER has not yet been determined, and the ligand binding sites have not yet been experimentally identified. The recent explosion of GPCR crystal structures now allow homology modeling with unprecedented reliability. We create, validate, and describe a homology model for GPER. We describe and apply ConDock, the first hybrid scoring function to use information from protein surface conservation and ligand docking, to predict binding sites on GPER for four ligands, estradiol, G1, G15, and tamoxifen. ConDock is a simple product function of sequence conservation and binding energy scores. ConDock predicts that all four ligands bind to the same location on GPER, centered on L119, H307, and N310; this site is deeper in the receptor cleft than are ligand binding sites predicted by previous studies. We compare the sites predicted by ConDock and traditional methods analyzing surface geometry, surface conservation, and ligand chemical interactions. Incorporating sequence conservation information in ConDock avoids errors resulting from physics-based scoring functions and modeling.
Conceptualizing the relative openness of supply chain and its impact on organizational performance
Authors: Fantazy Kamel A. , Tipu Syed Awais Ahmad , Kumar Vinod 
Published: June 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework conceptualizing the relative openness of a supply chain and its impact on organizational performance.Design/methodology/approach– The literature on system theory and the attributes of supply chain management are used to develop a framework describing the relative openness of a supply chain.Findings– Different supply chain terminologies – such as adaptive supply chain network, best value supply chain, and open inter-organizational system – partially draw upon the basic premises of an open system. The relative openness of a supply chain and, consequently, the dynamics of different supply chain attributes remain understudied. This supports the idea that an open system perspective of the supply chain is imperative to improve the understanding of the influence of supply chain openness on organizational performance.Originality/value– The conceptual framework posits that different supply chain attributes affect the openness of supply chain to a varying degree which ultimately influences the organizational performance. The proposed framework and research propositions will serve as a springboard for conducting future empirical studies.
Benchmarking eco-industrial park development: the case of Devens
Authors: Veleva Vesela , Lowitt Peter , Angus Neil , Neely Dona 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to review and update Devens eco-industrial park sustainability indicators and benchmark progress made since 2000 in the seven key areas of its sustainability vision.

Design/methodology/approach
– The authors examined publicly available data for Devens, Massachusetts, and obtained additional data from Devens Enterprise Commission and a survey of 29 local organizations.

Findings
– Of the 43 indicators adopted by Devens eco-industrial park in 2012, 29 demonstrate progress, seven show lack of progress, six point to a potential progress, and for one no information was available in 2000 to evaluate progress. Most progress has been made in the areas of transportation, business and economic sustainability, governance and natural resources.

Research limitations/implications
– For some proposed indicators no data were available to evaluate progress (e.g. waste generation, recycling, compositing, and landfill diversion) yet these are among the key measures for an eco-industrial park.

Practical implications
– Proposed framework, indicators and lessons learned are of value for researchers and practitioners at other eco-industrial parks (EIPs) interested in benchmarking progress toward sustainable local development.

Social implications
– The case provides insights on integrating sustainability in local economic development.

Originality/value
– The study is paving the way toward development of a standardized set of sustainability indicators for EIPs in the USA.
Supply chain practices
Authors: Gorane S. J. , Kant Ravi 
Published: June 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the current level of supply chain practices (SCPs) in Indian manufacturing organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
– The 15 SCPs are identified based on the literature support and opinion of industry experts and academia, and data were collected from 292 organizations. Data were analyzed using the statistical package for the social science software to see the current level/penetration of SCPs in Indian manufacturing organizations.

Findings
– The practices, namely, organizational culture, customer relationship, information and communication technology, benchmarking and performance measurement, lean manufacturing, agile manufacturing, supplier relationship are highly penetrated practices in Indian manufacturing organizations. The practices, namely, outsourcing, information sharing, just in time manufacturing, green supply chain management are moderately penetrated practices, while the practices, namely, reverse logistics, postponement, vendor managed inventory, radio frequency are least penetrated practices in Indian manufacturing organizations.

Research limitations/implications
– Further study can be extended to see the of penetration practices applicable to service and agriculture sectors.

Practical implications
– The result of this paper will enable the organizations to identify and direct their focus on the areas that requires improvement. Also, the organizations will become more aware of the SCPs that will help in boosting up their performance and competitiveness and indirectly boost the growth and contribute to India’s economic development.

Originality/value
– This is the first kind of study which checked the level of selected SCPs in Indian manufacturing organizations.