bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Male Rape: The Impact of a Legal Definition on the Clinical Area
Authors: Rogers Paul 
Published: July 2017

Recently the awareness of the issues surrounding male rape has received increased attention by both mental health workers and the general public following the introduction of the Sexual Offences Act 1994, and the recent case at the Old Bailey where a historical breakthrough was made in June 1995 following the first conviction for male rape under the new law. However, most of this attention has not resulted in many clinical breakthroughs in helping male rape survivors overcome the post-assault impact. Little is known about the prevalence, types of assault, consequences facing survivors and therapeutic options. Some evidence is being reported that male rape survivors develop Post Traumatic Stress Disorder following the assault. It has long been recognized that this is the case with female rape survivors, but to date there have been no significant UK prevalence studies which have examined this relationship. This paper discusses some of the issues surrounding male rape by focusing on the possible effects of the recent legal change on the clinical area.
Male Afro-Caribbean Patients Admitted to Rampton Hospital between 1977 and 1986 — A Control Study
Authors: Shubsachs A P W , Huws R W , Close A A , Larkin E P , Falvey J 
Published: July 2017

All Afro-Caribbean patients admitted to the Mental Illness Division of Rampton Hospital (a Special Hospital) between 1977 and 1986 and a randomly selected control cohort of Non Afro-Caribbean patients admitted in the same period, were compared on a variety of sociodemographic, psychiatric, criminological, treatment and outcome variables. Significantly, fewer of the Afro-Caribbean patients attracted the legal classification of Psychopathic Disorder. Detailed analysis was thus restricted to mentally ill patients in the two ethnic groupings. Similarities outweighed differences. There was no difference between the groups in terms of index offence, previous custodial sentence, in-patient psychiatric admission (including previous Special Hospital admission), admission source, Mental Health Act section, length of admission (including readmission) to Special Hospitals, likelihood of discharge or place to which discharged. Medication history in Special Hospitals was similar at one year and three years after admission. Afro-Caribbean patients had a lower incidence of childhood institutional care, a decreased likelihood of a previous supervision order, an increased likelihood of a previous Court appearance and received higher doses of antipsychotic medication four weeks after admission to Special Hospital.
Transsexualism in Portugal: The Legal Framework and Procedure, and its Consequences for Transsexuals
Authors: Costa-Santos Jorge , Madeira Rosa 
Published: July 2017

Sex reassignment surgery (SRS) in transsexuals is not allowed under Portuguese law which means that individuals have turned for aid to other countries to achieve the corresponding bodily‘correction’. Furthermore, those who submitted to SRS abroad suffered a stressful experience involving an unpredictable outcome when they asked for a subsequent change of their civil status records so as to update the data concerning sex and forename in their birth certificate and identity papers. In the last few years some people, especially doctors, have been taking steps to remove political, judicial and medical prejudices and attitudes in relation to the transsexuals' situation in this country; however, the main obstacles and procedures remain practically unchangeable. Based upon their medico-legal experience in such cases, the authors point out some aspects related to the situation of the transsexuals examined at the Institute of Legal Medicine of Lisbon since 1982, as well as their judicial outcome. In order to draw attention to the present situation of transsexuals within the Portuguese legal framework, this is compared with those of other European Union countries. Recognizing that this situation has become a heavy burden for transsexuals, the urgent necessity for Portugal to follow the main principles of Recommendation 1117 (1989) of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe is stressed.
Comparison between Stool Examination, Serology and Large Bowel Biopsy in Diagnosing Schistosoma Mansoni
Authors: Yasawy Mohamed Ismail , Mohamed Abdel Rahman El Shiekh , Al Karawi Mohamed Ali 
Published: July 2017

This report evaluates the diagnostic method in 167 patients with colonic schistosomiasis. These patients formed a part of a large number of patients who had sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy for various gastrointestinal problems. During sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy examination, typical intestinal Schistosomia lesions could be seen and at the same time several biopsies could be taken. Stool examination showed Schistosoma mansoni ova in only 19 patients (11.37%) of the 167 patients whose colonic biopsies were positive for Schistosoma mansoni. Serological tests were carried out in 115 of these patients and 88 patients (52.69%) had a titre of 64 or more. This study shows that endoscopic colonic biopsy is a better method than stool examination and serological tests in the diagnosis of intestinal or hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.
Acute Isovolaemic Haemodilution: The Best Option for Autologous Blood Transfusion in Africa?
Authors: Berege Zacharia A , Jacobs Bart , Matasha Michael R , Mpelumbe Frank , Kimaro Ernestini 
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study was to identify the best method of autologous blood transfusion to be applied in an East African hospital. One hundred and nine consecutive patients for whom major blood loss was anticipated were enrolled. Seventeen patients donated 1 unit of blood 3 days preoperatively and 92 underwent acute isovolaemic haemodilution prior to induction of anaesthesia. For the haemodiluted patients a 2:1 ratio of sterile pryogen-free saline to collected blood was used. One of the 16 patients from whom 2 units were withdrawn by haemodilution experienced hypovolaemia which was rapidly restored by additional transfusion of colloid. Of the patients who donated blood preoperatively only 23.5% were autotransfused compared to 98.9% of the haemodiluted patients. Of the latter 23.9% (22) had an intraoperative blood loss exceeding 15% of their total blood volume and 7.6% (7) lost more than 25%. Only one received homologous blood in addition. For hospitals with limited blood bank facilities and regular cancellation of surgery, the use of acute isovolaemic haemodilution is recommended. A 3:1 ratio of saline to blood is now advised when 1 unit is withdrawn and a part replacement with crystalloid when 2 units are collected.
Training General Practitioners in Surgical and Obstetrical Emergencies in Ethiopia
Authors: Loutfi A , McLean APH , Pickering J 
Published: July 2017

A 6-month course for training general practitioners (GPs) in surgical emergencies was developed and piloted in Ethiopia. The course was designed after an assessment of the surgical manpower needs in Ethiopia. Seven GPs were selected by the Ministry of Health (MOH) from rural hospitals that had no surgical specialists but had operating facilities. The course consisted of 1 week of lectures followed by 11 weeks each in obstetrics/gynaecology and general surgery. The GPs trained in district hospitals under the supervision of surgical specialists. Emphasis was placed on practical experience in managing a limited number of previously identified surgical emergencies. Follow up 9 months after completion of the course showed that five of the seven GPs had completed significant numbers of life saving procedures. Complications occurred largely in advanced disease. Difficulties remain with the recognition of the GPs' training and their supervision. We conclude that GPs can be trained to provide life saving surgery in a short training programme at a modest cost, but mechanisms for ensuring ongoing support need to be established.
Surgical management of cholesteatoma in an only hearing ear
Authors: Glasscock Michael E. , Johnson Glenn D. , Poe Dennis S. 
Published: July 2017

The patient with a cholesteatoma in an only hearing ear presents a management dilemma: how best to treat the patient to minimize the chances of developing a severe hearing loss in that ear. Twelve patients managed surgically for cholesteatoma in their only hearing ear are reviewed. The location and extent of the cholesteatoma, the type of operation performed, and postoperative hearing results are presented. Eleven of the 12 patients maintained their bone‐conducted speech reception threshold to within 5 dB of the preoperative level during follow‐up periods of 2 months to 4 years. Recommendations are made regarding preoperative evaluation, perioperative use of antibiotics and steroids, operative planning, ossicular reconstruction, and postoperative care. Special attention is given to the evaluation and management of the ear that has a fistula eroding into the cochlea and semicircular canals, both when suspected from preoperative imaging studies and when discovered intraoperatively.
Reliability analysis of frame structures using radial basis function neural networks
Authors: Ghorbani A , Ghasemi M R 
Published: July 2017

In this study, a hybrid reliability methodology via Monte Carlo simulation techniques with radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is presented. Monte Carlo simulation is a powerful tool, simple to implement, and capable of solving a broad range of reliability problems. However, its use for the evaluation of very low probabilities of failure implies a great number of analyses, and the computational time highly increases. In practice, the size of a design problem can be very large and the limit state functions (LSFs) are usually implicit in terms of the random variables. A hybrid method consisting of Monte Carlo simulation and RBFNN is proposed in the present study to approximate the LSF or failure function of the structure. Therefore, the computational burden of Monte Carlo simulation decreases significantly. A distinctive feature of this method is the introduction of an explicit approximate LSF. Using the parameters of the RBFNN, the explicit formulation of the LSF is derived. By introducing the derived approximate LSF, the failure probability can be easily estimated. In order to assess the effectiveness of the proposed methodology, some illustrative examples including frame structures are considered, and the numerical results are verified.
Into the Single Market for Education: Europeanisation of Finnish Education Policy Discourses
Authors: Ollikainen Aaro 
Published: July 2017

The article concerns the Europeanisation of Finnish education policy argumentation. In this process, concepts, objectives and argumentation patterns devised on the European level tacitly become incorporated in national policy discourses. The European Union changes the operating environment in which national policies are shaped and executed. Over the late 1980s and the 1990s, Finnish thinking on education policy was effectively permeated by a discussion on European integration. Integration has called for active utilisation of EU education programmes and has also contributed to profound transformations in the structure of education and degrees. A consensus concerning the benefits of European co-operation has prevailed. The general objectives of European policies have matched those of Finnish education policy. Participation in EU programmes has proven lucrative both in financial terms and as concerns the international visibility of Finnish education. It has also created a new field of international and national competition among institutions of education. The article concludes with a model of the Europeanisation of national education policy. It is suggested that Europeanisation is determined both by the integration policy chosen by a national government, and by conditions and strategies prevailing in a given system of education.
Electric Shock Devices and Their Effects on the Human Body
Authors: Robinson M N , Brooks C G , Renshaw G D 
Published: July 2017

Stun guns, shock batons and cattle prods are electric shock devices which can be used as weapons against the human body. Stun guns cause temporary incapacitation of the body whereas the other devices do not. The electrical outputs of examples of each type of device were measured using a digital storage oscilloscope at the moment when the device was discharged across resistors chosen to simulate the resistance of the human body. The outputs from the stun guns and the non-incapacitating devices have characteristic waveform shapes and magnitudes: significantly, the peak current from the stun guns is two orders of magnitude greater than from the other devices. To understand the possible hazardous effects of these outputs on the human body, the output parameters were related to the available information on the effects of electric currents on the human body and on the electro-immobilization of farm animals.
‘Music in the Dark’: A Reflective Case Study on Music Therapy Work with One Woman in a Red-Light District in Kolkata, India
Authors: Laing Alice 
Published: July 2017

The United Nations (UN 2009) report that India is a source, destination and transit country for sex trafficking. Those with learning disabilities, or other psychosocial difficulties, are thought to be most at risk. By working in conjunction with a charity in the middle of the red-light area in Kolkata that gives support to women affected by HIV I have offered music therapy to women in this district in order to support their psychological and emotional health in the context of trauma, and to children with learning disabilities. Through the therapeutic relationship and process, it is considered that aspects of trauma and self may be given the opportunity to be heard and explored, resulting in the individual's journey becoming less isolated and fragmented. This article describes individual work with one woman. In this reflective case study I have extracted themes of femininity, intimacy, and true and false self that unfolded during the work within the context of trauma. I have drawn from music therapy articles on trauma (Austin 2002; Sutton 2002), developmental theories (Bowlby 1988; Winnicott 2005); and psychoanalytic writings focusing on trauma (Kalsched 1996; Klein 1984; Levine 1997).
Mainstreaming in American Music Education Journals (1960–1989)
Authors: Dunbar Laura L. 
Published: July 2017

The purpose of this study was to explore the reaction of the music education community to Section 504 and PL 94-142 regarding mainstreaming practices. A content analysis was conducted for the articles published between January 1, 1960, and December 31, 1989, in the Music Educators Journal (MEJ), Journal of Research in Music Education (JRME), and the Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education (Bulletin). Research questions regarding the number of articles published, the ratio of research to pedagogical articles, disabilities addressed within the articles, and the affiliations and geographic locations of the article authors guided the analysis. Pedagogical articles were separated from research articles for analysis purposes. Based on the results of the analyses, the reaction to the legislation was one of enthusiasm for some while others had little or no reaction. Over a three-decade period (1960–1989), only forty-nine articles were published in the selected journals regarding mainstreaming in the music classroom. The articles were primarily pedagogical, with more than half of the articles published including information regarding various disabilities or Intellectual Disabilities specifically. A majority of the authors were affiliated with higher education institutions, with authors from Kansas producing the most articles by state. Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Research Considerations and Theoretical Application for Best Practices in Higher Education
Authors: Castellanos Jeanett , Gloria Alberta M. 
Published: July 2017

This scholarly article addresses the Latina/o undergraduate experiences proposing a (re)definition of educational success. Discussing strength-based practices of familia, mentorship, cultural congruity, and professional development from a psychosociocultural (PSC) approach, the article presents practical recommendations and directions for university personnel. The authors centralize culture through use of common dichos and everyday examples to illustrate effective and Latina/o student-focused practices. Resumen: Este artículo académico se ocupa de las experiencias de latinas/os de pregrado y propone una re-definición del éxito educacional. Se discuten prácticas de apoyo familiares, tutoría, congruencia cultural, y desarrollo profesional desde una perspectiva cultural y psicosocial (PSC). Se presentan además recomendaciones prácticas y direcciones para el personal universitario. Los autores materializan la cultura a través del uso de dichos comunes y ejemplos diarios para ilustrar prácticas efectivas enfocadas en estudiantes latinas/os.
Quadro malformativo complesso della giunzione cranio-cervicale in paziente con Sindrome di Down
Authors: Bonetti M. , Prandini F. , Gasparotti R. , Crispino M. , Brembilla R. , Battaglia S. 
Published: July 2017

Nella Sindrome di Down sono di frequente riscontro malformazioni della giunzione cranio-cervicale. Gli autori descrivono un raro caso, riscontrato accidentalmente, di malformazione complessa della cerniera studiata con TC ad alta risoluzione.
Quality grading system for tight sandstone reservoirs in the Quantou 4 Member, southern Songliao Basin, Northeast China
Authors: Huang Wenbiao , Lu Shuangfang , Osman Salad Hersi 
Published: July 2017

A grading system for tight sandstone reservoir quality is needed to predict tight oil enrichment areas and assess the resources. To explore the establishment of the grading system, a variety of research methods, such as rate-controlled mercury injection, conventional mercury injection, contact angle measurement, and the mechanical equilibrium principle, are integrated to determine the upper and lower limits of the porosity, permeability, and pore-throat radius of tight sandstones and to establish a quality grading system. Based on the porosity [Formula: see text], permeability [Formula: see text], and pore-throat size [Formula: see text] properties of the studied samples from the [Formula: see text] Member, five sandstone classes have been identified. Three of these classes are tight sandstone reservoirs and include (1) high-quality tight sandstone reservoirs ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]), (2) effective tight sandstone reservoirs ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]), and (3) low-quality tight sandstone reservoirs ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]). Sandstones with [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] parameters higher than the high-quality tight reservoirs are deemed to be conventional reservoirs, whereas those with parameters lower than the low-quality tight sandstone reservoirs are considered as nonreservoir sandstones. It is also noted that oil saturation of the tight sandstone reservoirs correlates positively with the throat radius rather than with the pore size. High-quality tight sandstone reservoirs are usually developed in the distributary channel sand bodies near faults and/or fractures, and they are capable of producing more petroleum.
Caracterización y comparación de la actividad antibacteriana intrínseca del suero de búfalo y del suero de bovino
Authors: RAMÍREZ Eliana , AGUIRRE Soledad , PATRICELLI Paula , DELL'ELCE Antonella , FORMENTINI Enrique 
Published: July 2017

La actividad antibacteriana de los sueros de bovino y de búfalo fue evaluada in vitro de manera indirecta con dos reacciones de inmunohemólisis: (i) un ensayo de hemólisis-hemoaglutinación sobre eritrocitos no sensibilizados de conejo y (ii) un ensayo de cinética de eritrocitos no sensibilizados de conejo frente a concentraciones crecientes de suero. La actividad bactericida de los sueros fue evaluada in vitro cuantificando la reducción de desarrollo de un inóculo de Escherichia coli en medio de cultivo enriquecido con suero de ambas especies. En el ensayo de hemólisis-hemoaglutinación, la hemólisis máxima se observó hasta la dilución 1:16 del suero de ambas especies. El mayor porcentaje de hemólisis se obtuvo con el suero de búfalo (84,7 ± 9,71%) respecto del suero bovino (71,0 ± 5,05%). Sin embargo no se hallaron diferencias en las diluciones de suero necesarias para obtener el 50% de la hemólisis total, siendo estas de 10,2 ± 2,48 para el suero de bovinos y de 11,8 ± 2,18 para el suero de búfalo. El suero de búfalo redujo el desarrollo bacteriano en un 69,8% respecto del 47,2% obtenido por el suero de bovino. No obstante estos resultados, se necesitarán estudios adicionales para corroborar estos hallazgos in vivo..
The Tuyoq Buddhist Grottoes in Shanshan County, Xinjiang
Authors: Joint Archaeological Team Of Resear  , Academia Turfanica  , Kizil Research Institute  
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn 2010, excavations were conducted to the Tuyoq Grottoes located in Shanshan (Piqan) County, Xinjiang. The excavation uncovered about 2500sq m in total, from which remains of over 50 grottoes and attached architectures and one ground level Buddhist temple were recovered. In the remains, about 200sq m of murals were unearthed, as well as large amounts of fragments of manuscripts, silk paintings and wooden implements. The caves of the Tuyoq Grottoes were arranged as multistoried clusters centered by chaityas around which viharas, meditation caves and caves with other functions were opened. The two new-recovered chaityas would be opened around the fifth century and belonged to the Early Phase of Tuyoq Grottoes. The excavation to Tuyoq Grottoes provided precious materials for the researches on the ancient Buddhist cave temples and the history and cultures of the Turfan area.
The Laosicheng Site in Yongshun County, Hunan
Authors: Hunan Provincial Institute Of Cultu  
Published: July 2017

AbstractSince 1995, four terms of survey and excavation have been conducted on the Laosicheng Site in Yongshun County, Hunan Province. It resulted in the preliminary clarification of the distribution of the functional areas within the city. The palace and government office areas were in the center of the city, around which were a residential area, a
The sunken ship “Nan’ao I” of the Ming Dynasty in Shantou City, Guangdong
Authors: National Research Center For Underw  , Guangdong Provincial Institute Of C  , Guangdong Museum  
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn April through July 2010, archaeological excavation was conducted to the sunken ship “Nan'ao I” of the Ming Dynasty in the sea area of Shantou (Swatow) City, Guangdong Province. The discovered ship body was about 20m long with 17 bulkheads and 16 compartments, the longest one of which was 7.5m in length. Over 10,000 pieces of artifacts of various categories were recovered, most of which were porcelains, followed by potteries, bronzes and iron and tin wares, as well as over 15,000 bronze coins. Most of the porcelains were blue-andwhite wares produced in Zhangzhou Kiln at the end of the 16th and the beginning of the 17th centuries, and the date of the sinking of the ship would be roughly the same. The discovery and recovering of “Nan'ao I” provided direct evidence for the researches on the material cultural interchanges among different civilizations and regions.