bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Classic FM’s place within the tradition of UK classical music radio 1992–1995
Authors: Stoller Tony 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article considers whether the UK’s classical music radio station, Classic FM that launched in September 1992, should be regarded as having been during the mid-1990s within the tradition of classical music broadcasting on UK radio established by the BBC. The history of classical music radio in the United Kingdom since 1945 was characterized by a series of efforts to widen the franchise, to attract a continuing middlebrow and middle-class audience alongside more elite programming. The introduction of Classic FM, happening at much the same time as BBC Radio 3 was recast in order to attract a wider audience, comprises the most recent such attempt. Drawing on a new database of programme output, and supported by audience data, the changes introduced by Radio 3 from the beginning of the 1990s are shown to be a deliberate attempt to create a more diverse network, soundly based in the established canonic repertoire of classical music radio, but willing to test of the margins of that repertoire. The history of the arrival of Classic FM shows that it came about in a relatively unplanned way. Far from being a natural progression from the earlier Independent Local Radio services, it arrived almost by chance into the broadcasting ecology. The station’s output was dominated by relatively undemanding sequence programming, but was based on the same central canonic repertoire as Radio 3, with Classic FM striking downwards towards greater popularity, whereas the BBC station ascertained upwards towards presenting this genre of music at times as high art. Nevertheless, the two occupied substantially the same cultural ground, and Classic FM notably displayed programming ambition outside peak times, placing it firmly within the longer tradition of UK radio. The common ground shared by the two stations is further demonstrated by the similarity of their audience profiles, and the extent of shared listening, with one million listeners tuning in to both stations each week in the mid-1990s. Classic FM and Radio 3 between them reawakened the substantial middle-class, middlebrow audience for classical music radio in the United Kingdom. It is correct to locate Classic FM within the continuing tradition of British classical music radio, and to regard it as comprising and extending UK public service radio broadcasting accordingly.
Electrochemical hydrogen permeation tests under galvanostatic hydrogen charging conditions conventionally used for hydrogen embrittlement study
Authors: Akiyama Eiji , Li Songjie 
Published: November 2015

AbstractElectrochemical hydrogen permeation tests using pure Fe sheet specimens were performed under various galvanostatic hydrogen charging conditions commonly applied to tensile test specimens used for evaluation of hydrogen embrittlement property to obtain a guideline for efficient hydrogen charging method for a wide range of hydrogen content. Aqueous NaCl solutions containing varied concentrations of ammonium thiocyanate and a 0.1-m NaOH solution were used as electrolytes for relatively high and low hydrogen content, respectively. Addition of ammonium thiocyanate changes the mechanism of hydrogen evolution reaction and enhances hydrogen entry. By changing the concentration of ammonium thiocyanate and by changing cathodic current density, a wide range of hydrogen content can be covered. The hydrogen content in an AISI 4135 steel estimated from hydrogen permeation current density obtained for a pure Fe specimen was in good agreement with the hydrogen content experimentally measured by hydrogen thermal desorption analysis for the AISI 4135 steel. The hydrogen permeation current density data in various hydrogen charging conditions can be used as a reference for hydrogen charging of specimens.
Die Rolle der Vorstellungskraft für unsere Musikwahrnehmung: das Phänomen des Hörens-als
Authors: Reuter Gerson 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The widely held belief that classical instrumental music has (or expresses) some kind of content - whether it is supposed to be some language-like meaning or some distinctive and possibly untranslatable musical content - is notoriously difficult to defend. One of the probably rather few promising options of analysing our experiences of hearing ‘content in music’ starts with the assumption that we, the listeners of music, endow the heard musical sequences with content. In the paper, I defend this anti-realism concerning musical content by spelling out the idea that due to the operation of our imagination we sometimes, in listening to music, undergo episodes of hearing-as - close relatives of the more familiar episodes of seeing-as. Drawing on Colin McGinn’s analysis of seeing-as, I develop the idea that an episode of hearing-as is a kind of hybrid mental phenomenon, a co-production of our imagination and our ‘plain hearing’ of musical parameters.
Selbstwissen: Die Grundidee
Authors: Moran Richard 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In philosophy it is widely recognized that a person’s first-person perspective on his own thought and action is importantly different from the third-person perspective we may have on the thought and actions of other people. In daily life it is natural to ask someone what he is doing or what he thinks about something, on the assumption that he knows what he is doing or what he is thinking. Some philosophers, however, argue that it is impossible to speak of knowledge in this context because the idea of knowledge requires a kind of distance between subject and object, a distance that is not present in the first-person context. I argue that this denial of self-knowledge is a paradoxical conclusion that we can resist, while retaining what is distinctive about the first-person.
Die Spontaneität des Verstandes bei Kant und einigen Neokantianern
Authors: Boyle Matthew 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Kant famously characterizes our human understanding as a “spontaneous” faculty, but what can this mean? I criticize some recent interpretations of Kant’s claim and suggest that we can only understand what Kant means by “the spontaneity of understanding” if we recognize certain basic differences between how Kant conceived of cognition and how philosophers commonly think of it today. I go on to argue that Kant’s conception of cognition represents an appealing alternative to the unsatisfying options that contemporary ways of thinking seem to force on us.
Comment on: ‘Screening’ for Breast Cancer: Misguided Research Misinforming Public Policies, by O. S. Miettinen
Authors: Huwiler Karin , Thürlimann Beat , Cerny Thomas , Zwahlen Marcel 
Published: November 2015

AbstractOur commentary of the article “‘Screening’ for Breast Cancer: Misguided Research Misinforming Public Policies” has two main parts. First we address some of the methodological points raised by Professor Miettinen. Then we review more specific aspects of the Swiss Medical Board statement on mammography screening for early detection of breast cancer.
Variations on Witches: a Proposal for Catalogation
Authors: Samper Emili 
Published: November 2015

AbstractStories of witches are difficult to catalogue because they tend to fall somewhere between folktales and legends. In the context of the RondCat project on Catalan folktales and the classification of tale types that do not correspond with the Aarne/Thompson/Uther (ATU) international index, this paper makes a proposal for cataloguing legends of witches collected by the Catalan folklorist Cels Gomis i Mestre (1841-1915) and published posthumously in 1987 under the title La bruixa catalana.
Influences of Victorian Values on Japanese Versions of Grimms’ Fairy Tales
Authors: Noguchi Yoshiko 
Published: November 2015

AbstractGrimms’ Fairy Tales were first introduced in Japan through English textbooks. Likewise, the first Japanese translation in book form by Ryoho Suga was not translated from the German original, but from H.B. Paull’s English translation which contains many changes in line with Victorian values. By introducing German writings via English translations, influences of English culture and society were unavoidable.
Influence of incubation time on the vibration and mechanic properties of mycowood
Authors: Gilani Marjan Sedighi , Neuenschwander Jürg , Heeb Markus , Furrer Roman , Sanabria Sergio J. , Stoel Berend C. , Robert Schwarze Francis Willis Mathew 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The goal of the current study was to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of mycowood as a high quality tone-wood, obtained from Norway spruce by treatment of the white rot fungus Physisporinus vitreus as a function of the treatment time. In focus was the stiffness to weight ratio, which is often considered a main criterion for tone-wood selection. The vibro-mechanical properties were tested by non-destructive methods. The change of color and density were also measured after 4–12 months of fungal incubation. Density decreased up to 5% after 12 months of fungal treatment. Sound velocity was measured in small size specimens by means of the free-free vibration approach, while in large specimens the air-coupled ultrasound method was applied. The two techniques gave similar results and indicated that the sound velocity decreased in mycowood. Internal damping was increased in mycowood to a higher extent than the reduction in the specific modulus of elasticity (E/ρ) and thus the sound velocity in the material. The sound velocity was decreasing with increasing incubation times and scattering of data with this regard was larger in the transversal than in the longitudinal direction. The sound radiation coefficient and the characteristic impedance were enhanced in mycowood and its color was more brownish and richer in tone.
Once Again King Arthur and the Ambassadors: A Textual Crux in Malory’s

Morte Darthur
Authors: Norris Ralph 
Published: November 2015

Abstract:
From the perspective of textual studies, ‘King Arthur and Emperor Lucius’ is the most interesting part of Sir Thomas Malory’s Morte Darthur. Its linguistic tone color is unique in the Morte Darthur, which seems to have disquieted the producers of the early copies, for both medieval witnesses to the text, the Winchester Manuscript and William Caxton’s printed edition,show signs of deliberate interference. P. J. C. Field’s recent edition uses both witnesses to attempt to restore Malory’s authorial text. However, the unusual textual situation complicates the application of Field’s critical method of editing. Caxton sometimes uses Malory’s words and sometimes his own; some of his summarizations contain many of Malory’s original words but often in a frame of his own devising, and at times he completely rewrites passages in his own words. Because Winchester has also been abridged, wherever the two diverge, and particularly within the first page or two, the possibilities will be that one or the other witness will retain Malory’s original text, that both contain parts of Malory’s original, or that Malory’s words have been lost from both texts. Determining which is most likely at any given point is further complicated by the fact that the Roman War was often considered to be a legitimate part of history in the Midle Ages and, therefore, was often retold, greatly increasing the number of potential sources, which proportionately increases the possibility of false correspondence between a possible source and the reading of the witness. Finally, one must try to make due allowance for the fact that Malory adapted and abridged his account creatively, rather than merely rendering the alliterative poem into prose. However, Field proceeds mainly on the premise that for the first few pages Winchester and Caxton have abbreviated alternately. This article argues that the two versions of the ambassadors’ demands that Field has included in his reconstruction are actually independent mutations of a common original, which can be partially reconstructed. The corrections proposed here render Malory’s text more like its sources, provide the benefit of removing more of Caxton’s rewriting, and are consistent with the very philosophical underpinning of Field’s new edition: the premise that it is important to try to recover Malory’s authorial text in every possible detail, bringing us ever closer to the exact words of a great author.
A clinical study which relates to a theoretical simulation of the glucose transport in the human placenta under various diabetic conditions
Authors: Barta Efrath , Drugan Arieh 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTo characterize placental glucose delivery under normoglycemic conditions, gestational and pre-gestational diabetes and to relate the clinical data to theoretical predictions.Data from 125 pregnancies: 50 normal gestations and 75 ones with various types of diabetes were collected. In parallel, we formulated a theoretical model for the transport of glucose under various diabetic conditions. Measured glucose blood levels were fed into the theoretical model that predicts glucose supply to the fetus and the results were confronted with measured fetal weights.Measured fetal weight and computed glucose delivery in gestational diabetic parturients resemble the situation in normal pregnancies. However, pre-gestational diabetes has a major effect as it involves heavier fetuses and enhanced computed glucose fluxesFetal weight (increased in pre-gestational and unaltered in gestational diabetes) correlates with the predicted rate of glucose delivery through the placenta.
Supramolecular architectures sustained by arene-C–H…π(quasi-chelate ring) interactions in the crystal structures of copper(I) complexes
Authors: Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Yeo Chien Ing , Tiekink Edward R.T. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
A review of the crystallographic literature is presented whereby structures featuring a quasi-six-membered chelate ring of the type {CuCl…HNCS} were evaluated for the presence of intermolecular C–H…π(quasi-chelate) interactions. These are shown to stabilise crystal structures leading to zero-, one-, two- and even three-dimensional architectures. Details of these interactions are described and a comparison to analogous interactions formed intramolecularly has been made. The C–H…π(quasi-chelate) interactions in these structures occur in one-third of structures where such contacts can potentially form.
Competition between the Brain and Testes under Selenium-Compromised Conditions: Insight into Sex Differences in Selenium Metabolism and Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disease
Authors: Pitts Matthew W. , Kremer Penny M. , Hashimoto Ann C. , Torres Daniel J. , Byrns China N. , Williams Christopher S. , Berry Marla J. 
Published: November 2015

Selenium (Se) is essential for both brain development and male fertility. Male mice lacking two key genes involved in Se metabolism (Scly−/−Sepp1−/−mice), selenoprotein P (Sepp1) and Sec lyase (Scly), develop severe neurological dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and audiogenic seizures that manifest beginning in early adulthood. We demonstrate that prepubescent castration ofScly−/−Sepp1−/−mice prevents behavioral deficits, attenuates neurodegeneration, rescues maturation of GABAergic inhibition, and increases brain selenoprotein levels. Moreover, castration also yields similar neuroprotective benefits toSepp1−/−and wild-type mice challenged with Se-deficient diets. Our data show that, under Se-compromised conditions, the brain and testes compete for Se utilization, with concomitant effects on neurodevelopment and neurodegeneration.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTSelenium is an essential trace element that promotes male fertility and brain function. Herein, we report that prepubescent castration provides neuroprotection by increasing selenium-dependent antioxidant activity in the brain, revealing a competition between the brain and testes for selenium utilization. These findings provide novel insight into the interaction of sex and oxidative stress upon the developing brain and have potentially significant implications for the prevention of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by aberrant excitatory/inhibitory balance, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy.
Hand Shape Representations in the Human Posterior Parietal Cortex
Authors: Klaes Christian , Kellis Spencer , Aflalo Tyson , Lee Brian , Pejsa Kelsie , Shanfield Kathleen , Hayes-Jackson Stephanie , Aisen Mindy , Heck Christi , Liu Charles , Andersen Richard A. 
Published: November 2015

Humans shape their hands to grasp, manipulate objects, and to communicate. From nonhuman primate studies, we know that visual and motor properties for grasps can be derived from cells in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC). Are non-grasp-related hand shapes in humans represented similarly? Here we show for the first time how single neurons in the PPC of humans are selective for particular imagined hand shapes independent of graspable objects. We find that motor imagery to shape the hand can be successfully decoded from the PPC by implementing a version of the popular Rock-Paper-Scissors game and its extension Rock-Paper-Scissors-Lizard-Spock. By simultaneous presentation of visual and auditory cues, we can discriminate motor imagery from visual information and show differences in auditory and visual information processing in the PPC. These results also demonstrate that neural signals from human PPC can be used to drive a dexterous cortical neuroprosthesis.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThis study shows for the first time hand-shape decoding from human PPC. Unlike nonhuman primate studies in which the visual stimuli are the objects to be grasped, the visually cued hand shapes that we use are independent of the stimuli. Furthermore, we can show that distinct neuronal populations are activated for the visual cue and the imagined hand shape. Additionally we found that auditory and visual stimuli that cue the same hand shape are processed differently in PPC. Early on in a trial, only the visual stimuli and not the auditory stimuli can be decoded. During the later stages of a trial, the motor imagery for a particular hand shape can be decoded for both modalities.
Proposal for an automatic system correlation between failures on electrical distribution lines and atmospheric lightning discharges
Authors: Henao Céspedes Vladimir , Cano Plata Eduardo Antonio , Díaz Cadavid Luis Fernando 
Published: November 2015

<p class="Abstractandkeywordscontent"><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">This paper presents a proposal for the development of an automatic system correlation between two variables, one represented by the <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">failures on the electrical distribution lines during a storm process and another one represented by atmospheric discharges (lightning) <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">that happen in this process. Initially, in order to define if the failure is caused directly or indirectly by an electrical impact generated <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">by lightning, a space-time correlation is proposed. With the obtained data a decision matrix is proposed, using an entropy method <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">to assign weights to the failures in order to determine its severity and therefore its priority of attention. On the other hand, taking into <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">account that the time window of observation is perhaps the most relevant parameter in the proposed correlation system, this article <span style="font-family: OptimaLTStd; font-size: 9pt; color: #231f20; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal;">shows part of a simulation proposed for its calculation as well as the mathematical bases that were used as a support for it.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; line-height: normal; orphans: 2; text-align: -webkit-auto; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span></span></p>
Load area aggregation considering integration of electric vehicles to the system
Authors: Rodríguez-García Luis Fernando , Pérez-Londoño Sandra Milena , Mora-Flórez Juan José 
Published: November 2015

<span>Current electric power systems have an increasing penetration of electric vehicles, and its effect has to be considered in different <span>studies, such as optimal dispatch or voltage stability, among others. Additionally, considering that power system analysis becomes <span>complex when the number of buses increase, this paper presents a methodology for aggregation of load areas that use a measurement-based load modeling approach based on an evolutionary computational technique and a classical reduction method. This aggregate <span>load area model is proposed to reduce areas that consider electric vehicle (EV) load models. The proposed method provides a static <span>equivalent load model and an equivalent network that can be used to reduce the computational effort required by power system<br /><span>studies. In order to validate the application of the proposed methodology, a 30-bus power system considering several disturbances <span>and levels of penetration of the electric vehicles was used. The results show that the equivalent network model allows the reproduction <span>of different events with an acceptable accuracy when it is compared to the original system behavior.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>
Lightning effects on distribution transformers and reliability of power distribution systems in Colombia
Authors: Aranguren Harby Daniel , Tovar Claudia , Inampues Juan , Lopez Jesus , Soto Edison , Torres Horacio 
Published: November 2015

<span>Failure rates of rural power systems are statistically studied based on lightning parameters and a two-state weather model (normal and <span>adverse). Lightning information is matched with geographical coordinates of 251,024 power transformers in a vast area in central <span>Colombia. An important portion of transformers present failure rates 45 times higher than normal, and very large overhead lines, <span>representing a high portion of the total system, present very high failure rates over 75 times higher than in normal weather conditions.</span></span></span><br /><br class="Apple-interchange-newline" /></span>