bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predicting In-hospital of Death of Patients with Acute Stroke in the ICU Using Stacking Model
Authors: Wang Kai , Liu JianMo , Li Fang , Lei KeQi , Guo TingHao , Cheng ZhiJuan , Tu Jianglong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: To establish the in-hospital death prediction model of acute stroke patients in ICU based on 8 kinds of machine learning algorithms (SVC, Logistics, RandomForest, XGboost, GBDT, LightGBM, Catboost, MLP).
Methods: The data of 1882 acute stroke patients in ICU of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from November 2006 to October 2022 were collected, Lasso regression was used to screen the features, multifactorial Logistics regression algorithm was utilized to mine the risk factors of acute stroke death in ICU, and eight machine learning algorithms were utilized to build ICU patient death prediction models, and selecting the four optimal algorithms as the Stacking model base learner, as well as selecting the optimal algorithms as the Stacking model meta-learners to construct ICU stroke death prediction models. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the subjects, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, and the gain value of the model was evaluated using the decision curve.
Result: The multi-factorial logistics regression analysis showed that atrial fibrillation, pulmonary infection, coma, high creatinine, international normalized ratio(INR) of prothrombin time, serum sodium, neutrophil count and low platelet count were independent risk factors for in-hospital death in stroke patients (P<0.05). In the training set, validation set, and external validation set, the AUC values of the Stacking prediction model were 0.878, 0.871, and 0.809, respectively. The sensitivity values were 0.82, 0.85, and 0.87, respectively. The specificity values were 0.87, 0.84, and 0.68, respectively. The top four AUC values in the eight algorithms were MLP, XGBoost, GBDT, and CatBoost with correspondingly test set AUC values of 0.829, 0.786, 0.78, and 0.777. The decision curve showed that when the probability threshold predicted by the Stacking prediction model was greater than 0.1, the model had a positive net benefit.
Conclusion: The Stacking model has a better prediction effect on ICU in-hospital death in stroke patients and can be applied to early prediction of death in ICU stroke patients, providing a basis for early clinical intervention.
Integrated Bioinformatical Analysis for Identification the invasion-related Genes in ovarian cancer
Authors: Guo Xiaoxia , Wu Xiaojing , Yu Ping , Xie Yao , Mei Jie , Yu Shiqing , Kong Lijuan , Liu Congrui , Feng Xinru , Su Dan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the most prevalent cancer among females and its prognosis is closely related to the tumor microenvironment and the progression of the disease. This study aimed to explore the relationship between invasion-related genes (IRGs) and the prognosis of OC. Using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, 65 IRGs were identified and a risk model was constructed based on 4 of these IRGs. This model was able to differentiate OC patients into two risk groups with significant differences in prognosis, immune cell infiltration, and phenotypes. The model was validated using multiple methods and datasets, and the expressions of the four hub genes were confirmed using qPCR and immunohistochemistry staining assays. The results of this study suggest that the risk model could play a significant role in predicting the prognosis of OC. The findings also contribute to a better understanding of OC invasion and could assist in the development of more personalized and precise therapeutic strategies.
Prevalence of Toxoplasmosis among the Human Population in Indonesia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Perdana Taufik Mulya , Dwiputro Alfin Harjuno , Kusuma Stefanie 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Toxoplasma gondii is a ubiquitous parasite that can cause significant complications when it infects pregnant women and immunocompromised patients. These complications include miscarriage, fetal abnormalities, and fatal cerebral toxoplasmosis. Despite its significance, the true burden of toxoplasmosis in Indonesia remains underexplored. Therefore, we aim to assess the prevalence of toxoplasmosis among the human population in Indonesia using serological, molecular, and histopathological examinations. In addition, we assessed whether the prevalence differed across geographical regions, populations, or population risk levels.
Methods
Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of data retrieved from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Portal Garuda. We pooled prevalence data using the inverse-variance method and a random effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics and Cochran’s Q test. Study quality was evaluated using a checklist for prevalence studies developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Publication bias was assessed using Doi plots and Luis Furuya-Kanamori (LFK) index. We performed subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis to explore sources heterogeneity and the robustness of the pooled estimates.
Result
In total, 52 studies were included in this study. The adjusted pooled seroprevalence was 58.13% (95% CI: 49.56–66.24%). We observed no subgroup differences based on study location, study population, population risk level, sample size, detection method, or study quality. The range of toxoplasmosis prevalence as measured via polymerase chain reaction and histopathological examination was 0–32.81% and 0%, respectively. Meta-analysis was not performed for molecular or histopathological data.
Conclusion
Toxoplasmosis is highly prevalent among the human population in Indonesia; however, our study mainly relied on studies with small-sample sizes. Furthermore, most of the studies were performed in Java; therefore, some high-quality population-based studies must be conducted in other regions of Indonesia to better estimate the prevalence of toxoplasmosis across the country.
Comparison of treatment outcomes of single-session and 2-stage gamma knife surgery for large brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xiaoyi , Weng Yuxiang , Huang Kaiyuan , Xu Qingsheng , Ye Ke , Wu Fan , Zhu Yu , Zhang Luyuan , Tong Ying , Zhan Renya , Zhou Hengjun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE
To compare the therapeutic outcomes of single-session gamma knife surgery (GKS) and 2-stage GKS for large (diameter ≥ 2 cm) brain metastases from lung cancer.
METHODS
For the first time, patients with brain metastases from a single primary tumor were selected, and the treatment data of patients with large lung brain metastases from lung adenocarcinoma treated with single-session or 2-stage GKS between January 2019 and June 2022 at our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Seventy-seven patients (85 lesions) were in the single-session GKS group, while 62 patients (72 lesions) were in the 2-stage GKS group. Propensity score matching of cases was performed because of differences in the number of patients and clinical factors prior to GKS between the two groups. Finally, 90 patients (45 in each group) were included in the matched case-control study. Therapeutic outcomes were measured based on the Karnofsky performance status score, local tumor control, cumulative incidence of radiation necrosis, and overall survival of each patient.
RESULTS
In the overall patient cohort, the cumulative incidence of radiation necrosis was significantly lower in the staged GKS group than in the single-session GKS group (5.0% vs. 18.4% at 1 year, p = 0.028). In the case-matched cohort, the cumulative incidence of neurological death was significantly lower in the staged GKS group than in the single-session GKS group (2.4% vs. 4.9% at 1 year, p = 0.045). In both the overall and case-matched cohorts, the rate of tumor volume change after GKS was significantly higher in the staged GKS group (67.5%, 67.5%) than in the single-session GKS group (53.0, 51.1%) (p < 0.05). The local tumor control and rate of tumor volume change were also significantly better in the staged GKS group than in the single-session GKS group. No significant difference in overall survival was observed between the two groups. Besides, the rate of tumor volume change is a significant factor that influences the long-term efficacy of local tumor control. Additionally, the control of the primary tumor is an independent influencing factor for the overall survival of patients.
CONCLUSION
Our findings suggest that staged GKS is safer and more efficacious than single-session GKS for large brain metastases (≥ 2 cm in diameter) from lung adenocarcinoma, and that the rate of tumor volume change after treatment influences local tumor progression.
Prediction of Ki‑67 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors by measuring body composition using CT plain scan images
Authors: Chen Wei , Duan Long-Yu , Peng Xiao-Juan , Kuang Lian-Qin , Yi Kun-Ming 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Aim
: Using plain CT images to measure the body composition of patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors to preoperatively predict Ki-67 expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).
Method
A total of 233 patients with pathologically confirmed gastrointestinal stromal tumors were included in this study. The pre-treatment complete abdominal CT images of the patients included in the study were processed and analyzed using the Siemens Syngo imaging system.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used to organize and analyze the data.
Results
The GIST cases included 1 case in the esophagus, 69 cases in the small intestine (with 10 cases in the duodenum), 129 cases in the stomach, 1 case in the colon, 5 cases in the rectum, and 28 cases in the abdominopelvic mesentery. The results showed that the lower VFI value and larger tumor volume were independent risk factors for poor prognosis of GIST patients, VFI in the high KI-67 PI group was lower than that in the low KI-67 PI group (P < 0.05),the tumor volume was larger in the high KI-67 PI group than in the low KI-67 PI group (P < 0.05), and "VFI + tumor volume" can effectively predict Ki-67 expression level in stromal tumors。Hosmer-Lemeshow test revealed showed that the prediction model exhibited high consistency with the actual clinical observations.
Conclusions
Visceral fat and tumor volume in GIST patients can be accurately assess using plain CT scan images. These findings a basis for adoption of effective treatment strategies, enhancing patient prognosis.
Exploring necroptosis-associated genes: implications for immune responses and therapeutic strategies in diabetic foot ulcers
Authors: Yuan Meijie , Sun Jian , Zhao Zhuo , Hu Xiaoming , Fan Weijing , Shi Hongshuo , Liu Guobin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are among the most severe and debilitating diabetic complications, often leading to extremely high morbidity and mortality. Recently, increasing evidence has highlighted the role of necroptosis, a distinct type of programmed cell death distinct from apoptosis, in the progression and severity of DFUs. Understanding necroptosis-associated genes in DFUs could open new therapeutic avenues aimed at modulating this form of cell death, potentially improving outcomes for patients suffering from this serious diabetic complication. This study focuses on discovering and confirming potential necroptosis biomarkers linked to DFU through the application of machine learning and bioinformatics approaches. We obtained three microarray datasets associated with DFU individuals from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database: GSE68183, GSE134431, and GSE80178. In GSE134431, we identified necroptosis-associated genes (NRGs) with differential expression between DFU patients and healthy controls, totaling 37 NRGs. Additionally, we observed an activated immune response in both groups. Moreover, clustering analysis revealed two distinct clusters within the DFU samples, showcasing immune heterogeneity. Subsequently, we constructed a Random Forest (RF) model utilizing 5 genes (CENPB, TRIM56, ZNF768, PLIN4, and ATP1A1). Notably, this model demonstrated outstanding performance on the external validation datasets GSE134431, GSE68183 (AUC = 1.000). The study has pinpointed five genes linked to necroptosis in the context of DFU, unveiling new potential biomarkers and targets for DFU therapy. Bioinformatics analysis elucidated that CENPB, TRIM56, ZNF768, PLIN4, and ATP1A1 could serve as potential biomarkers for future DFU research.
Investigating the contextual drivers and factors impacting child growth failure in Mining Communities; A Structural Equation Modeling approach.
Authors: Nyirenda HERBERT TATO , Mulenga David , Nyambe-Silavwe Hildah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective: Child growth and nutritional development are significantly impacted by various factors. This paper investigated the contextual drivers influencing child growth failure in local communities dominated by mining activities.
Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional study design and comprised a random sample of 781 under-five children and their caregivers. Structured interviews were conducted with caregivers, and anthropometric measurements were taken from the children. Bivariate chi-square, Structural Equation Modeling and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed.
Results: Over half (51%) of the children were female. On average, households consisted of 6.1±2.7 SD persons. Primary caregivers had an average age of 24.2±9.4 while the children's average age was 21.3±15.7 SD months. The average height of children was 80.4±13.7 SD with a height-for-age Z-Score of 0.2±4.9 SD. Further, 35% of children experience child growth failure. Drivers include; age-caregiver [AOR = 1.04, 95% CI = 1.028- 1.056], high-school education [AOR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.089 - 0.677], unemployment-housewife [AOR = 0.45, 95% CI = 0.226 - 0.901], feeding-strategies [AOR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.226 - 0.663] and cooking-duration [AOR = 2.16, 95% CI = 1.131 - 4.129].
Conclusion: Child growth failure remains a concern, with individual and contextual-level factors identified as significant contributors and thus crucial to take them into account when designing nutrition interventions in vulnerable communities. Therefore, as mining cooperation’s undertake corporate social investment initiatives, it's crucial to consider contextual factors in the design of community interventions.
Association between resolved hepatitis B virus infection and diabetes in adult Americans: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2018
Authors: Qin Zihan , Xin Xiaojing , Zhang Zijia , Zhang Lingye , Zhang Shutian 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and aims: Currently, hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and diabetes are both prominent global health challenges. Resolved HBV infection, often perceived as a milder form of HBV infection, are often overlooked. This study aims to explore the potential link between resolved HBV infection and diabetes among adult Americans.
Methods: The cross-sectional study involved adults aged 20-80 years participants from the 2007-2018 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Adjusted odds ratios were calculated using multivariate logistic regression and subgroup analyses were performed to validate the findings.
Results: Final analysis included 17,524 participants from NHANES cycles, 1,405 recovered from HBV infection (12.1%) among these participants. Resolved HBV infection was significantly correlated with an elevated diabetes risk, even after adjusting fully (OR: 1.19, 95% CI: 1.02-1.39, P=0.024), especially those with normal or low BMI and no hypertension.
Conclusion: Our research reveals that in the adult American, resolved HBV infection is positively associated with diabetes, highlighting the complex interaction between chronic HBV infection and physical health. Therefore, it is crucial to emphasize routine diabetes assessments for individuals with resolved HBV infection.
Cloning and expression studies of osmotin like protein gene from Solanum nigrum in Escherichia coli
Authors: Saleem Muhammad Zafar , Arshad Fatima , Ahmad Nauman , Saleem Ammara , Jahangir Ghulam Zahra , Zulfiqar Asma , Arshed Muhammad Zeeshan , Shah Anis Ali , Iftikhar Muhammad , Shaffique Shifa , Gatasheh Mansour K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Plants usually face different types of stresses both biotic and abiotic. To combat against these stresses, they have defensive proteins. That only induce when there is a need of them. Plant pathogenesis related proteins (PR) is a group of proteins that help plants to fight against the stresses. Osmotin like protein is one of them and belongs to superfamily PR 5. In this study, OLP gene was isolated from the DNA of a medicinal plant Solanum nigrum. The plant was cultured in tissue culture laboratory under specific conditions. Plant genomic DNA was isolated by following a modified protocol. To isolate the gene, primers set was designed by Primer3 software with retrieved gene sequence from NCBI data base. The OLP gene was amplified by gradient PCR at specific set conditions. The annealing temperature range was set at 50°C-60°C. The primers to be optimized showed the optimum annealing temperature at 58.3°C to 60°C. The gel eluted amplified PCR product was cloned in cloning vector pTZ57R/T by using a cloning kit. The transformed plasmid DNA was sequenced to confirm the insertion of gene. The homology of sequenced gene was 98% with the reported sequences. To study the expression of the gene, the OLP gene was cloned in an expression vector pET15b. The construct was transformed into BL21 DE3 (E. coli strain). The expression of protein was analyzed through12% SDS- PAGE after inducing the cells for 3 h at 37°C with 1mM final concentration of IPTG as inducer. The clear difference was observed between induced and un-induced cells through protein profile. The induced OLP was at the right size of 26 kDa. Protein inclusions were made and protein blotting was done by Protein Dot Blot method. By using anti histidine antibodies and color reaction, the clear result of induced osmotin like protein was observed.
Pharmacist-led deprescribing of cardiovascular and diabetes medication within a clinical medication review: the LeMON study (Less Medicines in Older Patients in the Netherlands), a cluster randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abou Jamila , Elders Petra J.M. , Huijts Danielle , Marum Rob van , Hugtenburg Jacqueline 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background Deprescribing of inappropriate cardiovascular and diabetes medication has shown to be adequate, feasible and safe. Healthcare providers often experience the deprescribing of cardiovascular and diabetes medication as a challenge and therefore it is still not widely implemented in daily practice.Aim The aim was to assess whether a training on the performance of a more deprescribing-focused clinical medication review results in a greater reduction of inappropriate use of cardiovascular and diabetes medication.Method A cluster randomized controlled trial involving 20 community pharmacists, who conducted a clinical medication review in 10 patients. The intervention group received a training on deprescribing. Patients 70 years or older; polypharmacy and use of antihypertensive medication and having a systolic blood pressure below 140 mmHg, and/or use of diabetes medication and HbA1c level below 54 mmol/mol were included. Follow-up took place within four weeks (T1) and after three months (T2).Results 71 and 69 patients were included in the intervention and control group, respectively. At T2 32% and 26% of the patients in the intervention and control group had the use of one or more cardiovascular or diabetes medication discontinued. With regard to any medication these percentages were 51% and 36%, respectively.Conclusion Increased awareness and ability of community pharmacists to deprescribe medication and use of general practitioners data, led community pharmacists and general practitioners to successfully conduct a more deprescribing-focused clinical medication review in daily practice. Further research on the need for additional training to optimize deprescribing cardiovascular and diabetes medication is required.
Urinary KIM-1 and CA 19-9: Biomarkers for Guiding Treatment Decisions after Pyeloplasty
Authors: GAUR SUNIL KS , SHARMA KANIKA , CHOWDHARY SARITA , SHARMA SHIV PRASAD , PANIGRAHI PRANAY 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background- Urinary biomarkers KIM−1 and CA 19−9 are explored as diagnostic tools for congenital obstructive hydronephrosis in children. This study investigates their pre- to post-operative quantification, correlating with sonography and histopathology to enhance diagnosis and treatment. Biomarker analysis can identify patients requiring surgery and resolve the dilemma of persistent obstruction after pyeloplasty, enabling timely and targeted interventions to preserve kidney function. Methods-This two-year prospective study analyzed urinary KIM−1 and CA 19−9 levels in 40 patients with UPJO before and after surgery. Patients under 16 with consent for follow-up were included. Three patients were excluded due to loss to follow-up or repeat surgery. Urine samples were collected pre-operatively and at 1, 3, and 6 months post-operatively, and analyzed using ELISA kits. Ultrasonography and nuclear scans were also performed. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results-This study analyzed 37 cases of UPJO requiring pyeloplasty and healthy controls. The majority of cases (51.3%) were children between 1–5 years old, with a male predilection (81.08%). The mean serum urea and creatinine values were 22.9 ± 6.1 mg/dl and 0.48 ± 0.1 mg/dl, respectively. The antero-posterior diameter (APD) decreased significantly post-operatively. Urinary biomarkers KIM−1 and CA 19−9 showed a significant reduction post-operatively, with KIM−1 showing a more pronounced decrease. The sensitivity and specificity of CA 19−9 were slightly higher than those of KIM−1. Biomarker analysis can identify patients requiring surgery and resolve the dilemma of persistent obstruction after pyeloplasty, enabling timely and targeted interventions to preserve kidney function. This study validates using biomarkers as an objective monitoring parameter, allowing healthcare providers to offer reassurance to patients and their families while avoiding unwarranted and costly renal scans. Conclusions-Urinary biomarkers KIM−1 and CA 19−9 effectively monitor pyeloplasty outcomes in children with congenital obstructive hydronephrosis, offering a child-friendly and cost-effective alternative to renal scans.