bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nematode Community Response to Green Infrastructure Design in a Semiarid City
Authors: Pavao‐Zuckerman Mitchell A. , Sookhdeo Christine 
Published: May 2017

Urbanization affects ecosystem function and environmental quality through shifts in ecosystem fluxes that are brought on by features of the built environment. Green infrastructure (GI) has been suggested as a best management practice (BMP) to address urban hydrologic and ecological impacts of the built environment, but GI practice has only been studied from a limited set of climatic conditions and disciplinary approaches. Here, we evaluate GI features in a semiarid city from the perspective of soil ecology through the application of soil nematode community analysis. This study was conducted to investigate soil ecological interactions in small‐scale GI as a means of assessing curb‐cut rain garden basin design in a semiarid city. We looked at the choice of mulching approaches (organic vs. rock) and how this design choice affects the soil ecology of rain basins in Tucson, AZ. We sampled soils during the monsoon rain season and assessed the soil nematode community as a bioindicator of soil quality and biogeochemical processes. We found that the use of organic mulch in GI basins promotes enhanced soil organic matter contents and larger nematode populations. Nematode community indices point to enhanced food web structure in streetscape rain garden basins that are mulched with organic material. Results from this study suggest that soil management practices for GI can help promote ecological interactions and ecosystem services in urban ecosystems.Core IdeasEcological interactions are important for green infrastructure function.Green infrastructure soil management affected soil properties linked to function.Food web structure was more complex with soil management.Design and soil management enhanced ecosystem services of arid green infrastructure.
Halogenated 17β‐Estradiol Surrogates: Synthesis, Estrogenic Activity, and Initial Investigations of Fate in Soil/Water Systems
Authors: Casey Francis X. M. , Shappell Nancy W. , Hakk Heldur 
Published: May 2017

17β‐Estradiol (E2), a natural, endocrine‐disrupting, steroid hormone, is excreted by all vertebrates and can enter the environment from domestic animal and wildlife wastes. Multiple field studies using livestock manures as E2 sources suggest significant background concentrations of E2 (e.g., wildlife sources, hydrolysis of E2 conjugates, previous inputs). To accurately understand field fate and transport processes of E2, it is necessary to address the issue of background detections. In this study, two fluorinated and three brominated surrogate compounds of E2 were synthesized and compared to native E2 using soil/water batch experiments and for estrogenic activity. Analytical difficulties presented by the two fluorinated congeners deemed these compounds to be unsuitable surrogates of E2, and further assessment was abandoned. However, the brominated congeners proved promising, with log(Koc) values that fell within the range previously reported for E2. Batch studies yielded similar relative aqueous concentrations and linear sorption isotherms across time for E2 and 2‐bromo‐17β‐estradiol; however, the relative aqueous concentrations and linear sorption isotherms of 4‐bromo‐17β‐estradiol and 2,4‐dibromo‐17β‐estradiol were different from E2 but similar to one another. All three brominated congeners possessed estrogenic activity by E‐Screen assay, albeit three orders of magnitude less than native E2, putatively due to steric interference introduced by the large bromine atom on the phenolic ring, the group that mediates interaction with the estrogen receptor. The data suggest that 2‐bromo‐17β‐estradiol may serve as a suitable surrogate for E2 in planned field scale tracer studies designed to distinguish between antecedent and de novo inputs.Core Ideas
• 17β‐Estradiol (E2) is naturally present in the environment.
• There are no methods to distinguish de novo inputs of E2 from background levels.
• Brominated congener of E2 were synthesized and tested as surrogates of E2.
On Representation Studies of Islam and the Muslims in West Media and Factors behind Misrepresentation
Authors: Zhang Qiang , Li Ke 
Published: May 2017

<p><em>The subject of Islam and the Muslim is an important agenda under the volatile international situation, which drawing increasing attention worldwide with the impact of media report. Moreover, in-depth studies of Islam and the Muslim are blossoming to critically unravel the way Islam and the Muslim is represented in western discourse. This article presents a literature review of those studies of Islam and the Muslim, aiming to conclude respectively previous studies of representations of Islam and the Muslims and then to clarify the factors behind the misrepresentation, including</em><em> h</em><em>istorical </em><em>f</em><em>actors</em><em>, cultural factors, p</em><em>olitical </em><em>f</em><em>actors</em><em> and religious factors.</em><em></em></p>
Viabilidade econômica do cultivo de videira Niágara Rosada
Authors: Camargo Meyriele Pires de , Costa Caroline Rabelo 
Published: May 2017

O estado de São Paulo é o terceiro maior produtor de uvas do Brasil e o maior produtor nacional de uvas de mesa, sendo a variedade Niágara Rosada (Vitis labrusca) a mais plantada no estado. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a viabilidade econômica do cultivo de Niágara Rosada. O projeto foi dimensionado para uma área de 3 hectares implantada no município de Piracicaba, SP. As plantas foram conduzidas no sistema em espaldeira em uma densidade de 5000 plantas ha-1. O fluxo de caixa foi dimensionado para um período de 13 anos. Estimaram-se os custos para implantação e manutenção do vinhedo, financiamento bancário, pagamento do Fundo de Apoio ao Trabalhador Rural [Funrural] e o custo de oportunidade da terra. A taxa mínima de atratividade [TMA] foi fixada em 11,45% e os indicadores econômicos calculados foram Valor Presente Líquido [VPL], Taxa Interna de Retorno [TIR], payback simples, payback descontado e relação benefício-custo. Obtiveram-se valores positivos de VPL (R$ 398.951,36) e relação custo-benefício (1,81). A TIR foi estimada em 27,34%, superior à TMA. Os valores de payback simples e descontado foram de 5 anos e de 6 anos, respectivamente, indicando que o tempo de retorno do capital inicial investido foi inferior ao período do projeto. Os indicadores econômicos estimados constataram a viabilidade financeira do empreendimento em análise.
Acordos no processo penal alemão: descrição do avanço da barganha da informalidade à regulamentação normativa
Authors: Gomes de Vasconcellos Vinicius , Moeller Uriel 
Published: May 2017

Este artigo pretende realizar descrição do cenário alemão atual referente aos acordos entre acusação e defesa para imposição antecipada de uma sanção penal. Trata-se de pertinente análise em razão da proeminência do ordenamento germânico como influência mundial e do curioso transcorrer do desenvolvimento da barganha em um campo jurídico-penal fundamentalmente pautado pelo respeito à legalidade. Nesse sentido, expor-se-á o avanço da justiça negocial, inicialmente realizada a partir da atuação prática dos atores da persecução penal (ou seja, sem qualquer autorização legal), até sua recente regulamentação e declaração de constitucionalidade. Assim, pretende-se desvelar que esse instituto se expande a partir do poder dos atores do campo jurídico-penal (julgadores e acusadores), cujos interesses são integralmente favorecidos pelo encerramento antecipado do processo em razão da renúncia à defesa pelo réu.
Information Technology in an Audit Context: Have the Big 4 Lost Their Advantage?
Authors: Lowe D. Jordan , Bierstaker James L. , Janvrin Diane J. , Jenkins J. Gregory 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACT
Audit firms use information technology (IT) to improve audit quality, effectiveness, and efficiency. While audit IT has evolved over the past decade, limited guidance is available to assist practitioners in determining how IT can be used. Our research objectives are fourfold. First, we examine to what extent auditors use and assess the perceived importance of IT in their audits. Second, we look at different-sized firms to determine whether IT adoption and implementation decisions differ by firm size. Third, we investigate changes in auditors' use and perceived importance of IT over the past decade. Fourth, we examine whether IT has impacted the communication modes used by auditors when reviewing workpapers and fraud brainstorming. Overall, Big 4 auditors were not significantly more likely to use IT than non-Big 4 auditors, suggesting that the dominance of the Big 4 firms' use of IT has lessened. In fact, there are a few applications where non-Big 4 auditors appear to have taken the lead. In addition, our findings indicate that auditors have increased the use of all the IT applications we examined ten years ago. However, we find evidence that auditors may prefer to use even more IT in their audits than they are currently using.
Data Availability: Data used in this study are available for download, see Appendix B.
FAKTOR – FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI WAKTU PELAKSANAAN PROYEK KONSTRUKSI DI DINAS PU. BINA MARGA KABUPATEN SUMENEP
Authors: Deshariyanto Dwi 
Published: May 2017

Pembangunan infrastruktur di Kabupaten Sumenep diwujudkan dalam bentuk sebuah proyek konstruksi. Keberhasilan proyek konstruksi dapat diukur melalui dua hal yaitu keuntungan yang didapat serta ketepatan waktu penyelesaian. Pelaksanaan konstruksi sering dan bahkan selalu terjadi perbedaan persepsi antara kontraktor sebagai pelaksana dengan konsultan sebagai pengawas dan perencana, perbedaan persepsi tersebut akan mengakibatkan meningkatnya biaya proyek dan penyimpangan waktu pelaksanaan yang telah direncanakan. Dalam kaitan tersebut sangat perlu dilakukannya analisa dan eksplorasi untuk melihat dan mencari faktor apa yang sangat mempengaruhi waktu pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi di Kabupaten Sumenep khususnya proyek konstruksi di Dinas PU. Bina Marga Kabupaten Sumenep.Menurut Andi et al, 2003 dalam penelitian I.A. Rai Widhiawati faktor – faktor yang potensial untuk mempengaruhi waktu pelaksanaan konstruksi, yang terdiri dari tujuh (7) kategori (Andi et al. 2003), adalah tenaga Kerja (labors), bahan (material), peralatan (equipment), karakteristik Tempat (site characteristic), manajerial (managerial), keuangan (financial) dan faktor – faktor lainnya (other factors).Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kuesioner. Data dalam penelitian merupakan data ordinal dengan skala pengukuran variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah skala likert. Bentuk pengujian yang digunakan untuk validitas instrumen dilakukan dengan teknik korelasi Product Moment. Reliabilitas instrumen dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode Alpha Cronbach’s. Teknik analisis data dalam penyelesaian penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan metode analisis statistik.Terdapat 6 (enam) faktor yang mempengaruhi waktu pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi khususnya proyek konstruksi peningkatan jalan di Dinas PU. Bina Marga. Faktor I mempunyai nilai eigenvalues sebesar 1,717 yang terdiri dari kategori tenaga kerja, manajerial dan keuangan. Faktor II mempunyai nilai eigenvalues sebesar 1,402 yang terdiri dari kategori karakteristik tempat. Faktor III mempunyai nilai eigenvalues sebesar 1,248 yang terdiri dari kategori bahan. Faktor IV, terdiri dari kategori peralatan. Faktor V mempunyai nilai eigenvalues sebesar 1,056 yang terdiri dari kategori manajerial dan keuangan. Faktor VI mempunyai nilai eigenvalues sebesar 1,005 yang terdiri dari kategori karakteristik tempat.Kata kunci : faktor, waktu pelaksanaan, proyek konstruksi.
PREFERENSI MASYARAKAT DESA PINGGIRPAPAS KABUPATEN SUMENEP TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH
Authors: Fansuri Subaidillah , Nura Diana Anita Intan 
Published: May 2017

Seiring bertambahnya penduduk akan memperparahkondisi lingkungan desa Pinggirpapas dikarenakan apabila jumlah penduduk semakin bertambah, maka akan mengakibatkan peningkatan produksi sampah yang pada akhirnya sampah tidak dapat dianggap menjadi masalah yang ringan, dimana sampah mengakibatkan gangguan terhadap lingkungan manusia. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui preferensi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah yang ada di Desa Pinggirpapas Kabupaten Sumenep.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel 280 responden. Analisis data disajikan dalam bentuk tabel frekuensi dan analisis statistik yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif dan Chi-Square.Berdasarkan hasil analisis menggunakan bantuan SPSS diperoleh rekapitulasi jawaban responden antara responden yang menjawab Ya dan Tidak secara berurutan yaitu 46,53% dan 53,47%. Responden yang menjawab Tidak terhadap semua pertanyaan terkait preferensi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan sampah lebih besar dibandingkan dengan responden yang menjawab Ya. Selisih antara responden yang menjawab Ya dan Tidak adalah sebesar 6,95%. Hasil analisis chi- square adalah terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara masyarakat yang menjawab Ya dan Tidak, dengan kecenderungan masyarakat menjawab Tidak sebanyak 17 pertanyaan, sedangkan kecenderungan masyarakat menjawab Ya sebanyak 9 pertanyaan. Tidak terdapathubungan yang signifikan antara masyarakat yang menjawab Ya dan Tidak, dengan kecenderungan masyarakat menjawab Tidak 5 pertanyaan, sedangkan kecenderungan masyarakat menjawab Ya sebanyak 2 pertanyaan.Kata kunci : Preferensi, Sampah, Pinggirpapas
Plan d'occupation des sols et environnement
Authors: Mindu Patrick 
Published: May 2017

Plus que tout autre document d'urbanisme, le plan d'occupation des sols doit veiller à la prise en compte des préoccupations d'environnement par les politiques locales d'aménagement. Consacrée par la loi du 10 juillet 1976 sur la protection de la nature, cette obligation légale n'a cessé depuis lors de se renforcer et aux prescriptions d'ordre général devant permettre de satisfaire à cette exigence sont venues s'ajouter diverses prescriptions spécifiques à certains milieux particulièrement fragiles, notamment avec les lois d'aménagement et d'urbanisme.
La multiplication et la diversification de ces contraintes légales se sont concrètement traduites par une soumission sans cesse plus affirmée du plan d'occupation des sols aux préoccupations d'environnement dans ses différentes composantes. Rapport de présentation, documents graphiques, règlement et annexes constituent autant d'outils qui concourent à l'intégration des données environnementales par la planification spatiale. Et ceci à la fois sous une certaine tutelle des autorités étatiques qui, en dépit de l'autonomie acquise par les collectivités locales en matière d'urbanisme depuis 1 983, peuvent user à l'endroit de ces dernières de divers mécanismes coercitifs et sous le contrôle du juge qui, lui-même, s'est attaché à rendre effective l'obligation légale qui pèse sur les communes.
Dissociative Excitation of Acetylene Induced by Electron Impact: Excitation-emission Cross-sections
Authors: Országh Juraj , Danko Marián , Čechvala Peter , Matejčík Štefan 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The optical emission spectrum of acetylene excited by monoenergetic electrons was studied in the range of 190–660 nm. The dissociative excitation and dissociative ionization associated with excitation of the ions initiated by electron impact were dominant processes contributing to the spectrum. The spectrum was dominated by the atomic lines (hydrogen Balmer series, carbon) and molecular bands (CH(A–X), CH(B–X), CH+(B–A), and C2). Besides the discrete transitions, we have detected the continuum emission radiation of ethynyl radical C2H(A–X). For most important lines and bands of the spectrum we have measured absolute excitation-emission cross sections and determined the energy thresholds of the particular dissociative channels.
Empathy and Mental Health Literacy
Authors: Furnham Adrian , Sjokvist Paula 
Published: May 2017

Background:
There is growing literature on mental health literacy (MHL), but few studies have conducted research on anything more than demographic predictors of MHL. We believe that those who are more empathic would be more interested in and more knowledgeable about mental illnesses.

Objective:
This study was concerned to establish whether people who were more empathic would have higher MHL.

Methods:
The 129 volunteer, university panel, participants completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index and were presented with 15 vignettes describing people with various mental disorders. Questions assessed participants' identification of the disorders and their perception of the life adjustment of each person.

Key Results:
The results showed that 3 of the 4 empathy subscales correlated with the MHL score. Results from correlation and regression analyses suggest that people who are more empathic, have studied psychology, and have had personal experience of mental illness demonstrate better MHL.

Conclusions:

As predicted, people with greater MHL had greater empathy, but this cross-sectional correlational study could not ascertain causal patterns.

[
Health Literacy Research and Practice.
2017;1(2):e31–e40.]

Plain Language Summary:
This study addressed whether people who are more empathic tend to be better informed about mental health issues because of their care for, interest in, and sympathy toward those with a range of mental illnesses. This was a questionnaire study and we did indeed find the relationship we thought may occur. However, we cannot be certain which caused which—do those who know more about mental illnesses and how common they are become more empathic or do those with greater empathy learn more about all aspects of mental illness?
L’artiste aujourd’hui : entre le désenchantement postmoderne et les rebonds de l’engagement. À propos d’une exposition tunisienne
Authors: Chateau Dominique 
Published: May 2017

Il existe deux modes de transgression artistique. Le premier relève du privilège, propre à l’art, de pouvoir ignorer les conventions, les idées reçues, la bienséance, les tabous. Le second implique la possibilité de transgresser les frontières des arts ou des expressions artistiques, de confronter leurs diversités au sein d’une même œuvre, de les soumettre à toutes sortes de métissages. Ces deux axes, éthique et esthétique, ainsi que leurs croisements multiples, semblent être à l’origine des propositions artistiques les plus novatrices de notre période postmoderne ; attestant que l’art, en général, est une activité humaine propice à la transgression. Simultanément, avec la période dite « postmoderne », on observe une véritable accélération du processus de la transgression à la fois éthique et esthétique. Il s’agit de considérer les propositions artistiques actuelles qui accomplissent la transgression en son double registre, parfois en accentuant l’un des aspects, le plus souvent en combinant l’irrévérence éthique avec le métissage des arts. La transgression est-elle une manifestation de pure liberté ou une façon de se déterminer socialement ?
Les usages des outils de réseau social par des salariés : Des registres privés et professionnels individualisés
Authors: Roudaut Karine , Jullien Nicolas 
Published: May 2017

Cet article sur les usages des outils de réseau social par les salariés s’inscrit dans une tradition de recherche sur les effets de la technologie sur le travail, sur l’évolution des frontières vie privée et vie professionnelle. Il questionne la façon dont ils gèrent leurs identités (privée, publique, professionnelle, personnelle). Menée dans une grande entreprise française du secteur des TIC, l’enquête – quantitative et qualitative – souligne premièrement, l’existence d’une conscience forte du caractère professionnel et privé de ces outils ; deuxièmement, un usage spécifique des plateformes : une tentative de cloisonnement. Le mélange des usages des outils est à l’image de l’entrelacement des sociabilités dans la vie hors ligne.
Talin Plays a Critical Role in the Maintenance of the Regulatory T Cell Pool
Authors: Klann Jane E. , Remedios Kelly A. , Kim Stephanie H. , Metz Patrick J. , Lopez Justine , Mack Lauren A. , Zheng Ye , Ginsberg Mark H. , Petrich Brian G. , Chang John T. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Talin, a cytoskeletal protein essential in mediating integrin activation, has been previously shown to be involved in the regulation of T cell proliferation and function. In this study, we describe a role for talin in maintaining the homeostasis and survival of the regulatory T (Treg) cell pool. T cell–specific deletion of talin in Tln1fl/flCd4Cre mice resulted in spontaneous lymphocyte activation, primarily due to numerical and functional deficiencies of Treg cells in the periphery. Peripheral talin-deficient Treg cells were unable to maintain high expression of IL-2Rα, resulting in impaired IL-2 signaling and ultimately leading to increased apoptosis through downregulation of prosurvival proteins Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. The requirement for talin in maintaining high IL-2Rα expression by Treg cells was due, in part, to integrin LFA-1–mediated interactions between Treg cells and dendritic cells. Collectively, our data suggest a critical role for talin in Treg cell–mediated maintenance of immune homeostasis.
Beyond spoligotyping
Authors: Guyeux Christophe , Sola Christophe , Refrégier Guislaine 
Published: May 2017

Aims and objectives:
Apart from Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) variations, MTBC genomes evolve by insertion, deletions, duplications, recombination, and variations of repeated sequences (phages, Insertion sequences, VNTR, CRISPR…), likely under both neutral and Darwinian selection.

Methods:
Spoligotyping, the typing of the CRISPR Locus using the classical Kamerbeek et al. 1997 technique has been used worldwide to produce a very large knowledge of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genetic diversity and has allowed the deciphering of MTBC population structure. It also remains, in many countries, a basic though useful molecular technique to get some clues on the very evolutionary history of a patient isolate and a first step towards genomic epidemiology. New techniques such as Whole genome sequencing, that produce Short Reads Archives (SRA) need to be linked to ancient knowledge, but must also be used to go beyond them.

Results:
We tackled the computationally difficult task to reconstruct the CRISPR Locus of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex using Short Reads Archives (SRA) using a de Bruijn graph approach, since current available methods were not able to allow an efficient reconstruction of the locus. We believe that such an application will be interesting for the clinicians and epidemiologists since it both performs an equivalent of spoligotyping and goes beyond.

Conclusions:
Using this new software, designated as “CRISPR-builder-TB”, we show that the use of SRA allows to infer new subtle and previously hidden characteristics on the MTBC genomes and to dig into the complex history of tuberculosis with more details. This software is freely available on GitHub with adequate tutorials.
Some properties of o-bounded and strictly o-bounded groups
Authors: Hernández C. , Tkachenko M. , Robbie D. 
Published: May 2017

<p>We continue the study of (strictly) o-bounded topological groups initiated by the first listed author and solve two problems posed earlier. It is shown here that the product of a Comfort-like topological group by a (strictly) o-bounded group is (strictly) o-bounded. Some non-trivial examples of strictly o-bounded free topological groups are given. We also show that o-boundedness is not productive, and strict o-boundedness cannot be characterized by means of second countable continuous homomorphic images.</p><p> </p>