bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seasonal precipitation prediction via data‐adaptive principal component regression
Authors: Kim Joonpyo , Oh Hee‐Seok , Lim Yaeji , Kang Hyun‐Suk 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTThis article studies a problem of predicting seasonal precipitation over East Asia from real observations and multi‐model ensembles. Classical model output statistics approach based on principal component analysis (PCA) has been widely used for climate prediction. However, it may not be efficient in predicting precipitation since PCA assumes that information of data should be retained by the second moment of them, which is too stringent to climate data that can be skewed or asymmetric. This article presents a method based on data‐adaptive PCA (DPCA) by Lim and Oh (2016) that can adapt to non‐Gaussian distributed data. In addition to investigate the utility of DPCA for climate study, we propose a data‐adaptive principal component regression for seasonal precipitation prediction, which consists of DPCA and a regularized regression technique that is able to handle high‐dimensional data. We apply the proposed method to nine general circulation models for prediction of precipitations on the summer season (June, July, and August). The prediction ability of the proposed method is evaluated in comparison with observations and model outputs (prediction) of each constituent model.
Analysing the relationship between ocean indices and rainfall in the Chao Phraya River Basin
Authors: Rangsiwanichpong Prem , Kazama So , Ekkawatpanit Chaiwat 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTWe examined the variability of ocean indices and rainfall in the Chao Phraya River Basin. We used rescaled adjusted partial sums (RAPS) to analyse the relationship between rainfall and various ocean indices, such as the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), sea surface temperature indices and the Dipole Mode Index (DMI). Rainfall in the Chao Phraya River basin was strongly correlated with the SOI index. Furthermore, results of the analysis accounted for the location of the rainfall station and showed that rainfall in the high‐latitude area of the Chao Phraya River Basin was most highly correlated with the SOI index. However, sea surface temperature (SST) indices were more highly correlated with rainfall than the SOI index in the low‐latitude area.
Dry formulations of the biocontrol agent Candida sakeCPA‐1 using fluidised bed drying to control the main postharvest diseases on fruits
Authors: Carbó Anna , Torres Rosario , Usall Josep , Fons Estanislau , Teixidó Neus 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe biocontrol agent Candida sake CPA‐1 is effective against several diseases. Consequently, the optimisation of a dry formulation of C. sake to improve its shelf life and manipulability is essential for increasing its potential with respect to future commercial applications. The present study aimed to optimise the conditions for making a dry formulation of C. sake using a fluidised bed drying system and then to determine the shelf life of the optimised formulation and its efficacy against Penicillium expansum on apples.RESULTSThe optimal conditions for the drying process were found to be 40 °C for 45 min and the use of potato starch as the carrier significantly enhanced the viability. However, none of the protective compounds tested increased the viability of the dried cells. A temperature of 25 °C for 10 min in phosphate buffer was considered as the optimum condition to recover the dried formulations. The dried formulations should be stored at 4 °C and air‐packaged; moreover, shelf life assays indicated good results after 12 months of storage. The formulated products maintained their biocontrol efficacy.CONCLUSIONA fluidised bed drying system is a suitable process for dehydrating C. sake cells; moreover, the C. sake formulation is easy to pack, store and transport, and is a cost‐effective process. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Validity of the epworth sleepiness scale as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Bonzelaar Lauren B. , Salapatas Anna M. , Yang Junhua , Friedman Michael 
Published: January 2017

Objectives/HypothesisTo determine whether the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) can be improved by having a bed partner or roommate (“partner”) also fill out the questionnaire; and to assess the applicability of the eight items in the questionnaire, particularly in an urban population.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA retrospective chart review was conducted to identify charts of subjects with an ESS score collected from both the subject and a partner. Consensus scores were also identified. Self‐reported ESS scores were compared to partner and consensus ESS scores. The number of subjects who did not drive was determined.ResultsOne hundred consecutive charts were included in this study. Mean ESS score was significantly higher when scored by the partner (10.4 ± 5.8) compared to the subject (7.2 ± 4.7). In 73% of cases, the subject underestimated their score compared to the score given by the partner. The mean difference in score was 3.2 ± 3.5. Mean consensus ESS score was 12.3 ± 5.4. Using an ESS score of ≥10 as abnormal, subject scores did not correlate with the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA;P= .095). Partner and consensus scores, however, did correlate with the presence of OSA (P= .003 andP=.039, respectively). Thirty‐five percent of our subjects did not drive.ConclusionsThe difference in mean ESS score obtained from the subject compared to partner implies that this diagnostic form should be completed as a consensus between the patient and partner to provide a more accurate score.Level of Evidence4Laryngoscope, 2016 127:525–531, 2017
The effect of fiber angles on energy absorption of 50 % partially wrapped aluminium‐composite hybrid tube under axial crushing
Authors: Abbas T. , Ya H. Haji , Zaki M. 
Published: January 2017

Hybrid tubes have several attractive definite properties like specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency. These tubes have applications in automobiles and aerospace industry. In this research, the circular aluminium tube is partially wrapped with E‐glass/Epoxy composite, using filament winding technique, to produce a hybrid tube. The fiber orientations in partial wrapping are ±10°, ±55° and 90° to the tube axis. Four composite layers are used and 50 % area of the aluminium tube is covered by composite in partial wrapping. The effect of fiber orientations on specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency under axial crushing is studied. Moreover, collapse modes of failure are also identified. The results indicate that ±55° fiber orientation is good in energy absorption and crush force efficiency. Moreover, specific energy absorption and crush force efficiency of partially wrapped the tube with ±55° fiber orientation are 45.61 % and 58.08 % more as compared with aluminium tube.
Combination of bevacizumab, irinotecan, and temozolomide for refractory or relapsed neuroblastoma: Results of a phase II study
Authors: Modak Shakeel , Kushner Brian H. , Basu Ellen , Roberts Stephen S. , Cheung Nai‐Kong V. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe rationale for studying the combination of bevacizumab, irinotecan, and temozolomide (BIT) in neuroblastoma (NB) is based on the following: (i) vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression is associated with an aggressive phenotype, (ii) anti‐VEGF antibody bevacizumab enhances irinotecan‐mediated suppression of NB xenografts, (iii) bevacizumab safety has been established in pediatric phase I studies, and (iv) irinotecan + temozolomide (IT) is a standard salvage chemotherapy.ProcedureWe conducted a phase II study of BIT in patients with measurable/evaluable refractory or relapsed high‐risk NB (www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01114555). Each cycle consisted of bevacizumab (15 mg/kg intravenously [IV]) on days 1 and 15 plus irinotecan (50 mg/m2/day IV) and temozolomide (150 mg/m2/day orally) on days 4–8. Patients could have previously received, but not relapsed on, IT. An early stopping rule mandated continuing therapy only if more than five patients of 27 evaluable patients achieved partial response (PR) or complete response (CR) after four cycles.ResultsThirty‐three heavily pretreated patients (nine primary refractory; 24 relapsed) received one to eight cycles of BIT. Toxicities were expected and transient. Grade 4 toxicities were neutropenia (30%) and thrombocytopenia (24%). Grade 3 toxicities included hepatic transaminitis (15%), proteinuria (9%), and diarrhea (3%). Overall responses were as follows: three CR (all in prior IT‐treated patients), 18 no response, and 12 progressive disease. Only one of 23 patients assessable for the early stopping rule regarding efficacy achieved PR/CR, so patient accrual was discontinued. Median progression‐free survival and overall survival was 7.7 ± 1.7 and 31.5 ± 5.6 months, respectively; all patients continued anti‐NB therapy post‐BIT.ConclusionsBIT was well tolerated, but the addition of bevacizumab did not improve response rates in resistant NB compared to historical data for IT.
Concurrent myeloid sarcoma, atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor, and hypereosinophilia in an infant with a germline SMARCB1 mutation
Authors: Metts Jonathan L. , Park Sunita I. , Soares Bruno P. , Fong Cindy , Biegel Jaclyn A. , Goldsmith Kelly C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe report a 1‐year‐old female child presenting with hypereosinophilia who was found to have concurrent myeloid sarcoma and a central nervous system (CNS) atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (AT/RT). She was later found to have a germline mutation in SMARCB1. Concurrent hematologic malignancy and CNS AT/RT have not previously been described in the context of a SMARCB1 loss‐of‐function germline mutation.
On analysis and redesign of bolted L‐flanged connections
Authors: Pedersen Niels Leergaard 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn wind turbine towers, the preferred design is circular tubes that are connected by a bolted flange joint. The design is typically that of an L‐flange resulting in an eccentrically loaded bolted connection. The eccentricity results in a non‐linear relationship between external load on the tower and the tensile force in the bolt. In the literature and also in standards, different models are presented for this important non‐linear response. In the present paper, a simplified expression for the non‐linear force response is presented based on finite element calculations using contact analysis. The L‐flange connection is in essence a bad design because it leads to a non‐optimal ratio between external force and bolt force. Furthermore, bolt bending results in an even higher bolt stress resulting in a reduction of strength. The present paper presents simple modifications of the L‐flange design that considerably improves the connection strength. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Macrovascular and microvascular cerebral blood flow in adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Clark Lindsay R. , Berman Sara E. , Rivera‐Rivera Leonardo A. , Hoscheidt Siobhan M. , Darst Burcu F. , Engelman Corinne D. , Rowley Howard A. , Carlsson Cynthia M. , Asthana Sanjay , Turski Patrick , Wieben Oliver , Johnson Sterling C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIntroductionCapillary hypoperfusion is reported in asymptomatic adults at‐risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the extent that can be explained by reduced flow in intracranial arteries is unknown.MethodsOne hundred fifty‐five asymptomatic adults enriched for AD risk (mean age 61 years) completed arterial spin labeling (pcASL) and 4D‐flow MRI sequences. Voxel‐wise regression models investigated the relationship between mean flow in bilateral cerebral arteries and capillary perfusion, and tested potential moderators of this relationship.ResultsMean arterial blood flow through middle cerebral arteries (MCAs) and internal carotid arteries was positively associated with perfusion in large cortical clusters (P < .05, false discovery rate corrected). Trends were observed for the interactions MCA flow × age and MCA flow × cardiovascular risk on cerebral perfusion (P < .001, uncorrected).DiscussionThese findings provide evidence that capillary perfusion measured via pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling is strongly dependent on inflow from larger cerebral arteries. Further studies are warranted to investigate possible alterations between macrovascular and microvascular flow in advanced age and elevated cardiovascular risk in asymptomatic adults at risk for AD.
The relationship between organizational dissent and workplace freedom of speech: A cross-cultural analysis in Singapore
Authors: Croucher Stephen M , Zeng Cheng , Rahmani Diyako , Cui Xuejun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThis study is a test of the relationship between organizational dissent and the perception of workplace freedom of speech in Singapore. Through a quantitative analysis of 384 individuals in Singapore, the following was found: articulated dissent and latent dissent are positively correlated with workplace freedom of speech. In addition, multiple analysis of covariance analyses revealed nation of birth exerted considerable influence on articulated dissent, and latent dissent, but not on workplace freedom of speech. The results provide evidence of how nation of birth is related to an individual’s willingness to express dissent. Theoretical and practical implications for research into organizational behavior are discussed.
The same picture through different lenses: quantifying the effects of two preservation pathways on Green River Formation insects
Authors: Anderson Evan P. , Smith Dena M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractInsects in the fossil record are generally preserved in lacustrine shales or in amber. For those in lacustrine shales, preservation is usually via keroginization or mineralization. Given the extended period of microbial decay required to generate ions for mineralization, there is a predicted inherent bias toward lower preservation quality for this pathway by most taphonomic indices compared with keroginization. This study tests this hypothesis by comparing multiple measures of preservation quality between sites with similar sedimentology in the Eocene Green River Formation of Colorado. Here, insects are either mineralized in iron oxides (likely after pyrite) at the Paleoburn site or keroginized at the Anvil Points site.Generally, the prediction that keroginization preserves soft-bodied fossils with higher preservational quality than mineralization is affirmed, but with some caveats. Beetles, known for their robust cuticles, are proportionately more abundant at the Paleoburn site, but eight of the nine orders recorded are shared between sites. As predicted, insects show lower preservation fidelity at the Paleoburn site, but they also show higher degrees of disarticulation. This second bias should be acquired primarily during the biostratinomy stage, and not early diagenesis. Nonetheless, higher-energy biostratinomic conditions may be compatible with taphonomic conditions that promote mineralization over keroginization.Comparing the inherent taphonomic bias of different preservation pathways is often difficult, since fossil deposits may be preserved millions of years or thousands of kilometers apart. By studying two different preservation pathways of insects within the same formation, we can affirm that keroginization does indeed preserve recalcitrant organic matter with higher quality than pyritization or iron-oxide mineralization. Additionally, some guidelines can be proposed concerning the body parts and taxa that can be compared, and for what purpose, when contrasting mineralized and keroginized soft-bodied deposits.
Effect of dietary cholesterol and plant sterol consumption on plasma lipid responsiveness and cholesterol trafficking in healthy individuals
Authors: Alphonse Peter A. S. , Ramprasath Vanu , Jones Peter J. H. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDietary cholesterol and plant sterols differentially modulate cholesterol kinetics and circulating cholesterol. Understanding how healthy individuals with their inherent variabilities in cholesterol trafficking respond to such dietary sterols will aid in improving strategies for effective cholesterol lowering and alleviation of CVD risk. The objectives of this study were to assess plasma lipid responsiveness to dietary cholesterolv. plant sterol consumption, and to determine the response in rates of cholesterol absorption and synthesis to each sterol using stable isotope approaches in healthy individuals. A randomised, double-blinded, crossover, placebo-controlled clinical trial (n49) with three treatment phases of 4-week duration were conducted in a Manitoba Hutterite population. During each phase, participants consumed one of the three treatments as a milkshake containing 600 mg/d dietary cholesterol, 2 g/d plant sterols or a control after breakfast meal. Plasma lipid profile was determined and cholesterol absorption and synthesis were measured by oral administration of [3, 4-13C] cholesterol and2H-labelled water, respectively. Dietary cholesterol consumption increased total (0·16 (sem0·06) mmol/l,P=0·0179) and HDL-cholesterol (0·08 (sem0·03) mmol/l,P=0·0216) concentrations with no changes in cholesterol absorption or synthesis. Plant sterol consumption failed to reduce LDL-cholesterol concentrations despite showing a reduction (6 %,P=0·0004) in cholesterol absorption. An over-compensatory reciprocal increase in cholesterol synthesis (36 %,P=0·0026) corresponding to a small reduction in absorption was observed with plant sterol consumption, possibly resulting in reduced LDL-cholesterol lowering efficacy of plant sterols. These data suggest that inter-individual variability in cholesterol trafficking mechanisms may profoundly impact plasma lipid responses to dietary sterols in healthy individuals.
THE DOUBLE CEILING ON UNJUST ENRICHMENT: OLD SOLUTIONS FOR OLD PROBLEMS
Authors: Trotter Andrew 
Published: January 2017

AbstractUnjust enrichment is not calculated to strip defendants of gain at all costs, but rather to restore to the claimant the value or rights he has unjustly lost. It can therefore only justify restitution to the extent of the claimant's ultimate expense, or the defendant's ultimate enrichment, whichever is lesser. Although that “double ceiling” has not found favour (at least in England), this article defends it against perceived inconsistencies with principle and precedent, and proposes it as a solution to three unresolved doctrinal problems in the law of unjust enrichment: claims for improvements to property, subjective overvaluation and incidental benefits.
Parasitological versus molecular diagnosis of strongyloidiasis in serial stool samples: how many?
Authors: Dacal E. , Saugar J.M. , Soler T. , Azcárate J.M. , Jiménez M.S. , Merino F.J. , Rodríguez E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractStrongyloidiasis is usually an asymptomatic disease in immunocompetent patients, caused by Strongyloides stercoralis. However, in immunocompromised patients it can produce a severe clinical profile. Therefore, a correct diagnosis is necessary in these cases and in those chronic asymptomatic patients. The low sensitivity of classical parasitological techniques requires the analysis of multiple serial stool samples. Molecular diagnostic techniques represent an improvement in the detection of the parasite. The objective of this study was to evaluate the minimum number of samples necessary to achieve maximum sensitivity by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A total of 116 stool samples from 39 patients were analysed by direct microscopic observation, agar culture, Harada–Mori and real-time PCR, in one, two, three and four or more consecutive samples. After two serial samples, 6 out of 39 patients were positive by parasitological and molecular techniques, while 16 of them were real-time PCR positive, and all the patients detected by parasitology were also detected by the molecular technique, reaching 100.00% sensitivity versus 83.00% when analysing a single sample. These data also reflect apparently low specificity (51.52%) and positive predictive value (PPV) (27.27 %) values, due to the high number of cases detected by real-time PCR and not by parasitological techniques. These cases were confirmed as true positives when analysing three, four or more samples from the same patient. In conclusion, the application of molecular techniques decreases the number of serial stool samples necessary to give a diagnosis with the maximum sensitivity.
Trajectory modulated arc therapy using quasi-continuous couch motion layered on top of volumetric modulated arc therapy in left breast and chest wall irradiation: a feasibility study
Authors: Sarkar Biplab , Pradhan Anirudh 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAimTo investigate the dosimetric advantage of quasi-continuous couch motion-enabled trajectory modulated arc radiotherapy therapy (TMAT) over the coplanar tangential partial arcs volumetric modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) for treating left breast and chest wall patients.MethodTreatment plans of 43 patients who received radiotherapy for left breast (17) or for left chest wall (26) using coplanar partial tangential arcs VMAT (reference plan) were considered for this study. For each patient, in addition to the treatment plan, a TMAT plan was also generated using quasi-continuous couch rotation. The TMAT plan consisted of original two 30° tangential arc beams and two supplementary beams having a couch rotation of ±10°, ±20° and ±30°, respectively. The difference in PTV volume coverage (PTV V95%) between TMAT plan and VMAT plan was calculated for all the cases and normalised to the plan’s prescription dose. Similarly, differences in PTV_V105% and several dose-volume parameters related to organs at risk (OAR) were also computed and tabulated.ResultTMAT shows an increment in the PTV dose coverage V95% with respect to reference plan by 4·7±2·5% when averaged overall prescription dose levels. Mean PTV dose (averaged overall prescription levels) for reference and TMAT plan was 4638·6±423·8 and 4793·5±447·2 cGy, respectively, and statistically insignificant (p=0·06). However mean PTV_V105% values for TMAT and for reference plans were 6·7±4·8 and 7·2±5·2%, respectively, and were not statistically different (p=0·85). Mean heart dose in TMAT was less than in VMAT plans, but not significantly. As regarding D1% to heart, TMAT plan was again found to be better with a mean difference of 137·1 cGy over VMAT plan. Other parameters evaluated were: mean dose and D1% to contralateral breast, and V20 Gy and V5 Gy for lung.ConclusionTMAT plans were found to be better than VMAT plans in terms of PTV coverage and D1% for heart. For evaluated dose parameters apart from PTV coverage and D1% to the heart, no significant differences were observed. Thus, TMAT plans yielded better dose distribution in terms of PTV dose coverage, hot spots and OAR doses.
Evaluation of the dose received by ovaries in the treatment of a desmoid tumour presenting in the lower extremity using intensity-modulated radiotherapy tomotherapy
Authors: Barlaz Us Songül , Temelli Öztun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundDesmoid tumour is a rare neoplasm occurring intra- and extra-abdominally.MethodIn this study, a lower extremity desmoid tumour located close to the ovaries was irradiated with tomotherapy after surgery in a 16-year-old female patient. 30 fractions defined for delivery of 54 Gy were administered to the patient.ResultThe planning target volume and organs at risk doses were evaluated and the ovary doses were discussed for fertility.ConclusionThe patient tolerated the radiotherapy well. During radiotherapy, only grade 1 skin toxicity occurred.
POINT-FREE GEOMETRY, OVALS, AND HALF-PLANES
Authors: GERLA GIANGIACOMO , GRUSZCZYŃSKI RAFAŁ 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper we develop a point-free system of geometry based on the notions of region, parthood, and ovality, the last one being a region-based counterpart of the notion of convex set. In order to show that the system we propose is sufficient to reconstruct an affine geometry we make use of a theory of a Polish mathematician Aleksander Śniatycki from [15], in which the concept of half-plane is assumed as basic.