bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Empowering Tri‐Functional Palladium's Catalytic Activity and Durability in Electrocatalytic Formic Acid Oxidation Reaction via Innovative Self‐Caging and Alloying Strategies
Authors: Lee Chan‐Woo , Jung Sun Young , Ryu Jeong Ho , Jeon Gyeom Seong , Gaur Ashish , Cho Min Su , Ali Ghulam , Kim Mingony , Chung Kyung Yoon , Nayak Arpan Kumar , Shin Seoyoon , Kwon Jiseok , Song Taeseup , Shin Tae Ho , Han HyukSu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDirect formic acid fuel cells (DFAFCs) stand out for portable electronic devices owing to their ease of handling, abundant fuel availability, and high theoretical open circuit potential. However, the practical application of DFAFCs is hindered by the unsatisfactory performance of electrocatalysts for the sluggish anodic formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR). Palladium (Pd) based nanomaterials have shown promise for FAOR due to their highly selective reaction mechanism, but maintaining high electrocatalytic durability remains challenging. In this study, a novel Pd‐based electrocatalyst (UiO‐Pd‐E) is reported with exceptional durability and activity for FAOR, which can be attributed to the Pd nanoparticles encapsulated within a carbon framework where concurrent chemical alloying of Pd and Zr occurs. Further, the UiO‐Pd‐E demonstrates noteworthy multifunctionality in various electrochemical reactions including electrocatalytic ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in addition to the FAOR, highlighting its practical potentials.
Divergent Syntheses of Near‐Infrared Light‐Activated Molecular Jackhammers for Cancer Cell Eradication
Authors: Li Bowen , Ayala‐Orozco Ciceron , Si Tengda , Zhou Lixin , Wang Zicheng , Martí Angel A. , Tour James M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAminocyanines incorporating Cy7 and Cy7.5 moieties function as molecular jackhammers (MJH) through vibronic‐driven action (VDA). This mechanism, which couples molecular vibrational and electronic modes, results in picosecond‐scale concerted stretching of the entire molecule. When cell‐associated and activated by near‐infrared light, MJH mechanically disrupts cell membranes, causing rapid necrotic cell death. Unlike photodynamic and photothermal therapies, the ultrafast vibrational action of MJH is unhindered by high concentrations of reactive oxygen species scavengers and induces only a minimal temperature increase. Here, the efficient synthesis of a library of MJH is described using a practical approach to access a key intermediate and facilitating the preparation of various Cy7 and Cy7.5 MJH with diverse side chains in moderate to high yields. Photophysical characterization reveals that structural modifications significantly affect molar extinction coefficients and quantum yields while maintaining desirable absorption and emission wavelengths. The most promising compounds, featuring dimethylaminoethyl and dimethylcarbamoyl substitutions, demonstrate up to sevenfold improvement in phototherapeutic index compared to Cy7.5 amine across multiple cancer cell lines. This synthetic strategy provides a valuable platform for developing potent, light‐activated therapeutic agents for cancer treatment, with potentially broad applicability across various cancer types.
Dual‐Activatable Nano‐Immunomodulator for NIR‐II Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Precision Cancer Photodynamic Immunotherapy
Authors: Diao Shanchao , Zhang Zhifan , Zhao Sijun , Li Qiang , Zhang Xiaolong , Yang Xiangqi , Xu Zhiwei , Liu Mingming , Zhou Wen , Li Rutian , Xie Chen , Fan Quli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPhotodynamic immunotherapy which combines photodynamic therapy with immunotherapy has become an important and effective method for the treatment of cancer. However, most cancer photodynamic immunotherapeutic systems are not able to achieve precise release of immunomodulators, resulting in systemic side effects and poor patient outcomes. Herein, a dual‐activatable nano‐immunomodulator (DIR NP), which both its photodynamic effect and agonist release can be activated under specific stimuli, is reported for precision cancer photodynamic immunotherapy. The DIR NP is self‐assembled from an R848‐conjugated amphiphilic polymer (mPEG‐TK‐R848) and a hydrophobic oxidized bovine serum albumin (BSA‐SOH)‐conjugatable photosensitizer (DIR). DIR NPs may generate a small amount of 1O2 under 808 nm laser irradiation, leading to the cleavage of thioketal (TK) moiety and release of R848 and DIR. The released DIR may conjugate with tumor‐overexpressed BSA‐SOH, improving its photodynamic efficiency and NIR‐II fluorescence signal. Such photodynamic efficiency improvement may further enhance the release of cargoes upon irradiation. The activated photodynamic effect induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) to release immune factors and R848 can enhance the maturation of dendritic cells for inhibiting the growth of both primary and distant tumors and eliminating lung metastasis. Therefore, this study provides a dual‐activatable intelligent nano‐immunomodulator for precise regulation of tumor photodynamic immunotherapy.
Interfacial Reaction Boosts Thermal Conductance of Room‐Temperature Integrated Semiconductor Interfaces Stable up to 1100 °C
Authors: Ji Xiaoyang , Huang Zifeng , Ohno Yutaka , Inoue Koji , Nagai Yasusyohi , Sakaida Yoshiki , Uratani Hiroki , Sun Jinchi , Shigekawa Naoteru , Liang Jianbo , Cheng Zhe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOverheating has emerged as a primary challenge constraining the reliability and performance of next‐generation high‐performance (ultra)wide bandgap (WBG or UWBG) electronics. Advanced heterogeneous bonding of high‐thermal‐conductivity WBG thin films and substrates not only constitutes a pivotal technique for fabricating these electronics but also offers potential solutions for thermal management. This study presents the integration of 3C‐silicon carbide (SiC) thin films and diamond substrates through a surface‐activated bonding technique. Notably, following annealing, the interfaces between 3C‐SiC and diamond demonstrate an enhancement in thermal boundary conductance (TBC), reaching up to ≈300%, surpassing all other grown and bonded heterointerfaces. This enhancement is attributed to interfacial reactions, specifically the transformation of amorphous silicon into SiC upon interaction with diamond, which is further corroborated by picosecond ultrasonics measurements. After annealing at 1100 °C, the achieved TBC (150 MW m−2 K−1) is among the highest among all bonded diamond interfaces. Additionally, the visualization of large‐area TBC, facilitated by femtosecond laser‐based time‐domain thermoreflectance measurements, shows the uniformity of the interfaces which are capable of withstanding temperatures as high as 1100 °C. The research marks a significant advancement in the realm of thermally conductive WBG/substrate bonding, which is promising for enhanced cooling of next‐generation electronics.
Early do‐not‐attempt resuscitation orders and neurological outcomes in older out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest patient: A multicenter observational study
Authors: Kohri Megumi , Tagami Takashi , Suzuki Kensuke , Kitano Shinnosuke , Amano Tomohito , Hagiwara Suzuka , Kitamura Nobuya , Ogawa Satoo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the association between Do‐Not‐Attempt Resuscitation (DNAR) orders issued within 6 h of admission and neurological outcomes in older patients with out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).MethodsPatients aged ≥65 years who experienced OHCA between September 2019 and March 2021 enrolled in the multicenter observational study in Japan (SOS‐KANTO 2017) were included. Data regarding DNAR decisions were prospectively collected and the time required to obtain DNAR orders. Patients who received DNAR orders within 6 h of admission (DNAR group) were compared with those who did not (non‐DNAR group) using propensity score analysis with inverse probability treatment weighting (IPTW) to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsOf the 9909 registered individuals in the SOS‐KANTO 2017 study across 42 facilities, 685 were selected for analysis, with 361 (52.7%) in the DNAR group. Even after adjusting for the confounding factors, the frequency of post‐admission therapeutic interventions was lower, and the proportion of patients with favorable neurological outcomes was significantly lower (2.6% vs. 19.3%, p < 0.001) in the DNAR group. Twenty‐six (7.3%) patients in the DNAR group survived for 1 month, of whom six (1.7%) had favorable neurological outcomes.ConclusionsOlder patients with OHCA who had early DNAR had significantly fewer therapeutic interventions after admission and had worse neurological outcomes at 30 days than those without a DNAR order, even after adjusting for demographic and prehospital variables.
Enhancing Molecular‐Level Biological Monitoring with a Smart Self‐Assembling 19F‐Labeled Probe
Authors: Xu Zhenchuang , Wang Chenyang , He Shengyuan , Wu Jian , Zhao Yanchuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractReal‐time monitoring of molecular transformations is crucial for advancements in biotechnology. In this study, we introduce a novel self‐assembling 19F‐labeled nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe that disassembles upon interaction with various nucleotides. This interaction not only activates the 19F signals but also produces distinct signatures for each specific component, thereby enabling precise identification and quantification of molecules in evolving samples. We demonstrate the capability of this probe for real‐time monitoring of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) hydrolysis and screening potential enzyme inhibitors. These applications highlight the probe's significant potential in enzyme analysis, drug development, and disease diagnostics.
Unclicking the Click: A Depolymerizable Clicked Polymer via Two Consecutive Single‐Crystal‐to‐Single‐Crystal Reactions
Authors: Sebastian Bichu , Sureshan Kana M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe report here a clicked polymer that can be depolymerized by a declicking reaction. A designed dipeptide monomer, upon heating its crystals, underwent a single‐crystal‐to‐single‐crystal topochemical ene‐azide cycloaddition polymerization to form a triazoline‐linked polymer, which upon further heating, underwent a remarkable SCSC denitrogenation, resulting in an imine‐linked polymer quantitatively. As both the TEAC polymerization and the denitrogenation occurred in SCSC fashion, the structures of the triazoline‐linked polymer and the imine‐linked polymer could be determined at atomic resolution by SCXRD. Acid hydrolysis of the imine‐linked polymer leads to quantitative depolymerization, yielding a dipeptide, showcasing the degradability and depolymerizability of such polymers. This solid‐state click polymerization and denitrogenation yielding depolymerizable polymer is attractive over the usual click polymers that cannot be unclicked.
Near‐Infrared Activatable Copper Nanoplatforms Synergize with the 5‐Azacytidine Prodrug to Potentiate Cuproptosis
Authors: Wang Shuo , Liu Yishen , Su Mengya , Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Wenda , Wang Wuyin , Yang Qichao , Zhang Zhiyun , Hong Xuechuan , Sun Zhijun , Xiao Yuling 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCuproptosis, a newly discovered cell death modality, is gaining recognition for its crucial role in antitumor therapy. Here, we demonstrated that Ferredoxin 1 (FDX1), a key gene involved in cuproptosis, is negatively correlated with malignancy and T‐cell exhaustion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Based on these findings, we developed near‐infrared (NIR) light‐controlled nanoparticles (NPs), CuD@PM, which can selectively deliver copper to HNSCC cells and induce cuproptosis in the presence of microneedles loaded with triacetylated azacitidine (TAc‐AzaC) and 808 nm laser irradiation. Intravenous administration of these NPs significantly suppressed tumor growth in HNSCC animal models and enhanced the antitumor immune response. The NIR‐controlled activation of cuproptosis offers great potential as a safe, targeted, and image‐guided antitumor therapy for HNSCC.
High‐Yielding Nanobelt Formation by Chirality‐Assisted Synthesis
Authors: Singh Yogendra , Schuldt Moritz P. , Rominger Frank , Mastalerz Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractShape‐persistent conjugated nanobelts (CNBs) are fascinating synthetic targets. However, in most cases these are made in low overall yields by applying strategies of macrocyclization followed by (multiple) ring fusion reactions for nanobelt formation. Here, we describe the high yielding synthesis of enantiopure chiral nanobelts in 84 % yield by applying chirality‐assisted synthesis (CAS). The chiral nanobelts were investigated by UV/Vis and CD spectroscopy. By DFT calculations the aromaticity of these structures is discussed.
Laser‐Driven Modular Precision Chemistry of Graphene Using λ3‐Iodanes
Authors: Gerein Kevin , Unmu Dzujah Diyan , Yu Hongde , Hauke Frank , Heine Thomas , Hirsch Andreas , Wei Tao 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe emerging laser writing represents an efficient and promising strategy for covalent two dimensional (2D)‐patterning of graphene yet remains a challenging task due to the lack of applicable reagents. Here, we report a versatile approach for covalent laser patterning of graphene using a family of trivalent organic iodine compounds as effective reagents, allowing for the engraving of a library of functionalities onto the graphene surface. The relatively weak iodine‐centered bonds within these compounds can readily undergo laser‐induced cleavage to in situ generate radicals localized to the irradiated regions for graphene binding, thus completing the covalent 2D‐structuring of this 2D‐film. The tailor‐made attachment of distinct functional moieties with varying electrical properties as well as their thermally reversible binding manner enables programming the surface properties of graphene. With this delicate strategy the bottleneck of a limited scope of functional groups patterned onto the graphene surface upon laser writing is tackled.
Advanced Eutectogel Electrolyte for High‐Performance and Wide‐Temperature Flexible Zinc‐Air Batteries
Authors: Zheng Yafen , Wu Dongling , Wang Tao , Liu Qian , Jia Dianzeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDespite ongoing challenges, achieving further breakthroughs in the development of gel polymer electrolytes with a wide temperature range, excellent liquid retention capability and enhanced anode compatibility in flexible zinc‐air batteries (FZABs) remains a significant objective. This study presents a significant advancement in the development of choline chloride/ethylene glycol‐polyvinyl alcohol (ChCl/EG‐PVA) eutectogel electrolyte, tailored for high‐performance operation across a wide temperature range. Systematic in‐situ and ex‐situ characterizations and theoretical simulations confirm the formation of robust hydrogen bonding and denser polymer cross‐linked networks within the prepared eutectogel, leading to enhanced liquid retention ability (93.7 % after 96 h exposure to air) and ion transport capacity (ionic conductivity of 171.3 mS cm−1). Additionally, the zincophilicity nature of the choline cation in eutectogel effectively suppresses dendrites growth. The assembled FZAB utilizing this eutectogel electrolyte achieves a peak power density of 109.3 mW cm−2 and a cycle life of 90 h. Notably, the power density of FZAB is maintained as high as 38.2 mW cm−2 at −40 °C and 63.2 mW cm−2 at 50 °C, demonstrating its prominent suitability for applications in extreme temperature conditions. The design of eutectogel provides a novel way to achieve the high‐performance FZAB.
Exploring the wear resistance of EPDM‐PAE/SWCNTs composites with a novel perspective of micro‐network structure
Authors: Jing Yiran , Liu Guangyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe effect of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) on the crosslinking network structure of Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomers (EPDM)—Polyamide elastomers (PAE) is investigated in detail using Hansen Solubility Parameter (HSP) theory. Rheological method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) are used to investigate the effect of SWCNTs on the molecular chain movement and their interaction with the filler network of EPDM‐PAE. The DIN abrasion test is conducted to obtain the effect of SWCNTs on the wear characteristics of EPDM‐PAE/SWCNTs composites. The linear synergistic relationship between crosslinking density and wear volume indicates that the change in wear properties is contributed by the micro‐network structure. The addition of SWCNTs increases the chemical crosslinking density and improves the wear properties of EPDM‐PAE. However, the decrease in the physical crosslinking density leads to an increase in the degree of internal friction within the network structure, resulting in a decrease in the wear performance. Changes in wear resistance can be related to the micro‐network structure, which provides a novel approach to studying the wear characteristics of high‐performance elastomers. It is also an innovative work based on the network structure to guide the preparation of new wear‐resistant elastomeric materials.
Dual‐active‐layer flexible piezoresistive sensor based on wrinkled microstructures and electrospun fiber network for human‐related motion sensing applications
Authors: Nan Xiaohui , Xie Jiaqing , Gao Yang , Zhang Xu , Lou Xiaofei , Wang Fuwei 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFlexible pressure sensors with high sensitivity and a wide detection range must be developed for practical applications. In this study, a dual‐active‐layer flexible piezoresistive sensor was developed. A reduced graphene oxide film with wrinkled microstructures was prepared by a simple and low‐cost substrate pre‐stretching method and used as the first active layer. A thermoplastic polyurethane electrospun fiber membrane was modified by fast polydopamine coating and ultrasonication with multi‐walled carbon nanotubes and used as the second active layer. Owing to the continuously changing conductive pathways created by the wrinkled microstructures and fiber network under pressure deformation, the sensor achieved a detection range of 0–100 kPa, with sensitivities of 8.5, 1.35, and 0.39 kPa−1 in the ranges of 0–1, 1–20, and 20–100 kPa, respectively. Additionally, the sensor exhibited a low detection limit (2 Pa), response and recovery times of 105 and 85 ms, respectively, and reliable service performance over 10,000 loading/unloading cycles. The sensor enabled real‐time monitoring of finger and wrist bending, beaker‐holding, and fingertip‐sliding on a touch screen, demonstrating its feasible applications in wearable electronics and human–machine interface devices.
Structure–property relationships and nanofiller‐induced hydro‐anti‐plasticization in polyhydroxyurethane/POSS hybrid composites
Authors: Łukaszewska Izabela , Raftopoulos Konstantinos N. , Bukowczan Artur , Pielichowski Krzysztof 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNon‐isocyanate polyhydroxyurethanes/polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (PHU/POSS) hybrid composites are prepared by in situ physical introduction of octa(3‐hydroxy‐3‐ethylbutyldimethylsiloxy) POSS into a linear non‐isocyanate polyhydroxyurethane matrix. The amorphous nature of the matrix is retained in the composites and no POSS crystals are observed. Thermal and mechanical properties are studied along with water‐polymer interactions and are discussed in terms of structure‐properties relationships. POSS has only minimal effect on thermal stability. Composite materials with up to 2 wt% POSS exhibit an increased rubbery modulus. The glass transition temperature of the composite materials increases up to 2 wt% loading and decreases at higher POSS content. Water‐polymer interactions are studied in a broad range of relative humidity (0–0.97). Materials exhibit a relatively high water absorption, which is enhanced by POSS at low concentrations. Moisture sorption isotherms are discussed in terms of the Guggenheim‐Anderson‐de Boer model. The study of molecular mobility of hydrated systems by differential scanning calorimetry reveals a peculiar POSS‐induced antiplasticization in PHU/POSS blends at 10–20 wt% water uptake, possibly due to the formation of POSS‐centered water clusters.
Preparation and performance evaluation of a low‐damage fracturing fluid for unconventional reservoirs
Authors: Zhang Xueping , Liu Youquan , Zhang Pengfei , Pan Keyu , Chen Qi , Jiang Rui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe characteristics of tight matrix, underdeveloped natural fractures, small pore throat radius, poor pore connectivity, and abundant clay minerals result in a high potential for damage to the tight sandstone reservoirs of the Shaximiao Formation in the Qiulin Block in the Sichuan Basin. In order to reduce the retention damage caused by fracturing fluid to the tight sandstone reservoir, a low damage fracturing fluid system applicable to the target reservoir is developed in this work, and the indoor performance meets the requirements of on‐site fracturing operation. A low‐damage, heat‐resistant, shear‐stable amphiphilic polyacrylamide (PAAD) was prepared by free radical polymerization in aqueous solution using acrylamide, acrylic acid, and methacryloyloyloxyethyl dimethyloctadecyl ammonium bromide (DM18) as the monomers. The amphoteric polyacrylamide was characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), light scattering molecular weight determination, and thermogravimetric analysis. Fracturing fluids were formulated with the amphiphilic hydrophobic associative polymer PAAD as a drag‐reducing agent, the fluorine‐containing and nonionic complex surfactant FD1 as a clean‐up additive, CT10‐4B as a bactericide and CT1‐12 as an emulsion breaker. The fracturing fluid formulation was preferred, and the performance of the fracturing fluid was evaluated in terms of temperature resistance and shear resistance, drag reduction, anti‐expansion, and core damage. The fracturing fluid showed good temperature and shear resistance, with a viscosity retention of 58.4% at 120°C and 170 s−1 shear for 1 h. At a loading of 0.1%, the drag reduction rate reaches 72.3%, the anti‐expansion rate of the gel‐breaking fluid is 86.04%, and the damage rate to the tight sandstone core is 16.25%. The results show that the fracturing fluid has good heat resistance and shear stability, as well as low damage and good resistance reduction and anti‐expansion properties. This work can provide new strategies for designing polymeric fracturing fluids with low damage, good heat resistance and shear stability.
How Does Visibility Count? An Open Data‐Driven Approach to Compare the Use of Ground Visibility in Archaeological Field‐Walking Surveys in the Mediterranean Region
Authors: Strupler Néhémie 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThere is a common agreement among archaeologists that assessing visibility in the field is essential to measure the accuracy of their observations. Archaeologists widely expect that low visibility negatively impacts the recovery rate of artefacts and sites during field‐walking surveys. However, they hold fundamentally divergent opinions on using recorded visibility values and on whether or how to weight the results. In this paper, I undertake a review and comparison of ground visibility assessments from three archaeological field‐walking surveys conducted in the eastern Mediterranean, all of which have published their data. Capitalizing on the availability of open data, I recode and analyse the algorithms employed in these surveys. The results highlight the impacts of weighting techniques, and I compare the maps produced with and without weighting. In all cases, the corrections do not substantially change the interpretations of the results at the scale of site identification. As such, this data‐driven experiment contributes to the ongoing debate on how to compare effectively and integrate data from various survey projects to study regional trends.