bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modeling Conditional Volatility of Indian Banking Sector’s Stock Market Returns
Authors: Singh Amanjot 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The study attempts to capture conditional variance of Indian banking sector’s stock market returns across the years 2005 to 2015 by employing different GARCH based symmetric and asymmetric models. The results report existence of persistency as well as leverage effects in the banking sector return volatility. On an expected note, the global financial crisis increased conditional volatility in the Indian banking sector during the years 2007 to 2009; further evidenced from Markov regime switches. The exponential GARCH (EGARCH) model is found to be the best fit model capturing time-varying variance in the banking sector. The results support strong implications for the market participants at the time of devising portfolio management strategies.
Motivational Factors: Drivers Behind Women Entrepreneurs’ Decision to Start an Entrepreneurial Venture in Croatia
Authors: Fosić Ivana , Kristić Jelena , Trusić Ana 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A decision to start a business is not easy because it is result of the economic conditions, cultural context, but also “push” and “pull” factors. In order to determine woman motivational factors, a survey of 1,157 Eastern Croatia respondents was conducted. The purpose of the research was to determine which motivations the potential future entrepreneurs believe trigger women entrepreneurs’ decision to start an entrepreneurial venture. The results show that women are considered to be financially motivated. The fact that real-life women entrepreneurs from previous research have stated slightly different motivations shows that there is room for improvement of entrepreneurship education.
Approximate maximum likelihood estimation for population genetic inference
Authors: Bertl Johanna , Ewing Gregory , Kosiol Carolin , Futschik Andreas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIn many population genetic problems, parameter estimation is obstructed by an intractable likelihood function. Therefore, approximate estimation methods have been developed, and with growing computational power, sampling-based methods became popular. However, these methods such as Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) can be inefficient in high-dimensional problems. This led to the development of more sophisticated iterative estimation methods like particle filters. Here, we propose an alternative approach that is based on stochastic approximation. By moving along a simulated gradient or ascent direction, the algorithm produces a sequence of estimates that eventually converges to the maximum likelihood estimate, given a set of observed summary statistics. This strategy does not sample much from low-likelihood regions of the parameter space, and is fast, even when many summary statistics are involved. We put considerable efforts into providing tuning guidelines that improve the robustness and lead to good performance on problems with high-dimensional summary statistics and a low signal-to-noise ratio. We then investigate the performance of our resulting approach and study its properties in simulations. Finally, we re-estimate parameters describing the demographic history of Bornean and Sumatran orang-utans.
Peter Konwitschny, Opera and Theatre Director Shaping the Profile of the Bratislava Opera of a New Millennium
Authors: Mojžišová Michaela 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The paper examines the work of the acclaimed German opera and theatre director Peter Konwitschny at the Opera of the Slovak National Theatre. The authoress bases herself on an analysis of the productions of Eugen Onegin (2005) [Eugene Onegin], by Tchaikovsky, Puccini’s Madama Butterfly (2007) and Bohéma (2013) [La bohème], Janáček‘s Vec Makropulos (2015) [The Makropulos Affair], and Halévy‘s Židovka (2017) [La Juive], all of which, save for Janáček‘s opera, the Opera of the Slovak National Theatre has borrowed from foreign theatre scenes. The authoress makes a stocklist of the basic principles of Konwitschny’s direction signature and his contribution to theatre production, as well as to the artistic ensemble of the Bratislava Opera.
Anxious Affinities: How Theatrical Performance Can Generate a Platform for Interpersonal Dialogue
Authors: Motal Jan 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The article combines both philosophical and psychological approaches to argue that art and theatre performance especially can be grasped as a revelation of the universal and basic human concern, which is existential anxiety. The author presents an opinion, that via performative acts on stage, spectators and performers/actors are interconnected in hermeneutic situation (Hans-Georg Gadamer), in which they play their existential experience. Therefore, the universal death anxiety (Irvin D. Yalom) can be understood as a possible platform for interpersonal and intercultural dialogue (Martin Buber). The article concludes, that archetypes (Carl Gustav Jung) are such a place for mutual understanding, representing both mental and physical answers to the basic existential experience of humankind.
The problematics of truth and solidarity in Peirce’s rhetoric
Authors: Liszka James 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA strong case can be made that Peirce’s formal rhetoric is primarily a theory of inquiry. Peirce’s convergence theory of truth requires a community of inquiry enduring indefinitely over time. Such a community, then, must promote “solidarity” in Peirce’s terms, a consistent practice of cooperation among inquirers over generations. One of the tasks of his formal rhetoric, then, is to analyze the conditions for solidarity. Using Peirce’s framework of a belief-desire model for practical action, solidarity can be promoted if there are commonly desired ends and a consensus of beliefs about the best means to attain those ends in inquiry. Peirce recognizes, however, that the community of inquiry is constituted with different types of inquirers who have different purposes for inquiry. He divides them among the “pure” theoretical scientists, applied scientists and practical inquirers – the general public – who are interested in the practical applications that can bring betterment to their lives. It is argued here that Peirce’s apparent inconsistencies concerning the role and purpose of science can be attributed to cautions addressed to each of these different audiences. The remainder of the paper explores the problematics of solidarity in a community of inquirers who have different ends for inquiry, and how Peirce attempts to address the puzzles and paradoxes that result.
Rethinking ideology: Greimas’s semiotics, neomarxism, and cultural anthropology
Authors: Keršytė Nijolė 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Ideology is commonly seen today from two points of view, which, although opposed, support each other. For some, ideology no longer has a place in postmodern society; for others it is still an opium, a pathology that must be cured. A different stand-point is defended here, based on the conception of ideology in Greimas’s semiotics. Underlying any human action directed towards values, ideology, over and above its role as a representation of evil (as embodied in totalitarianism), is an inevitable and transversal phenomenon which cannot be confined to the political sphere. This idea is presented first via Geertz’s cultural anthropology. The anthropologist proposes a non-evaluative and non-combative approach to ideology. As if anticipating the neo-Marxist (Althusser’s) conception, discarding the view of ideology as an inverted image of reality, he sees it as a construct of imagination and of figurative discourse. For him, ideology is a symbolic system whose analysis requires a theory of meaning (linguistics, rhetoric, semiotics).
Greimasian semiotics offers precisely what Geertz contemplated: a non-evaluative, purely descriptive conception of ideology and of the methodological tools for its analysis. The article stresses the differences between the structural approach and the dominant socio-political theories, and finally compares the principles of ideological analysis of discourse as assumed respectively by (neo)Marxist criticism and by semiotics.
Population Genetics of Heterosis: Effects of Hardy-Weinberg Disequilibrium
Authors: Wu Rongling , Ma Ch.-X. , Wu J. , Fang W. , Casella G. 
Published: November 2017

Summary
The mechanistic explanation of heterosis has been traditionally based on quantitative differences of gene effects. However, for outcrossing populations, heterosis is also a property of populations. In this paper, the effects of the deviation of a population from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) on the magnitude of heterosis have been examined numerically. The mating of two populations in HWE may generate directions and magnitudes of heterosis different from the mating of two populations in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium (HWD). Such differences of heterosis between these two types of population mating may be due to the release of vigor restored in the parental populations during the process of HWD. Results from this study can provide guidance on the selection of parental populations for the effective exploitation of heterosis and the prediction of genetic structure and organization for hybrid zones in nature.
Progeny Testing Preceded by Phenotypic Pre-selection – Timing Considerations
Authors: Danusevičius Darius , Lindgren D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractProgeny-testing is a common element in tree breeding. It takes long time until trees reach the sexual maturity. That time could be used for field testing followed by progeny-test of the selected phenotypes (two-stage strategy), or the time until mating could be reduced by forcing early flowering (singlestage strategy). Benefit of phenotypic pre-selection followed by progeny testing in long-term breeding was assessed as a function of the age at the pre-selection by the aid of a deterministic tree breeding simulator. As a criterion of goodness of a breeding program, annual progress in group merit (GM/Y-refers to the rate of change in the average of genetic gain and gene diversity) at a total budget constraint was used. For simplicity, a long-term program with balanced selection was studied. Scenarios with different genetic parameters, cost and time components were evaluated and optimised for resource allocation. At the optimum age of mating for progeny test, two-stage Phenotype/ Progeny strategy generated higher GM/Y than singlestage Progeny strategy at the age of mating for progeny test equal to three years, except for a typical scenario with weak JM correlation, low heritability and long rotation time. High heritability, short rotation and strong J-M genetic correlation favoured phenotypic pre-selection. Optimum age for phenotypic pre-selection varied from 6 to 17 years and the percentage of GM/Y lost in comparison to the maximum due to delay of mating for the progeny test until age 15 and 25 years ranged from 0 to 14% and from 1 to 29%, respectively. In the case of low heritability, long rotation, low J-M correlation, high cost for cycling and low budget, early mating age would bring little benefit if compared to mating at the optimum age. We suggest that, in long-term breeding based on progeny testing, investment in phenotypic pre-selection is more beneficial than investment to achieve early flowering to initiate the progeny test early.
Inbreeding in Pinus Radiata – V. The Effects of Inbreeding on Fecundity
Authors: Wu H. X. , Owen J.V. , Abarquez A. , Matheson A. C. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractA successful inbreeding and hybrid breeding strategy in tree improvement requires that 1) inbreeding (selfing) can produce superior inbred lines (effective purging of deleterious alleles), 2) there is heterosis among crosses of inbred lines, 3) early selection between lines is effective, and 4) inbreeding will not substantially reduce reproductive ability. We have previously reported that inbreeding depression on growth was lower in radiata pine relative to other conifers and segregation in the first two-generations of selfs generated superior inbred trees. In addition, we have observed that early selection among inbred trees (lines) was more effective than in out-crossed populations and there was an apparent heterosis in radiata pine. In this study, the effect of inbreeding on the reproductive ability in young and adult trees of radiata pine has been quantified from five populations of varied inbreeding levels (F =0, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 0.75). It was observed that the effects of inbreeding depression on fecundity was higher at a young age than at older age and inbreeding depression at a young age is due to two factors: 1) a delay of reproductive age (about 8.3, and 8.5% of trees delayed for F =0.5 and F =0.75 populations, respectively) and 2) a true reduction of flowering trees (6.7 and 13.1% more trees having no flowers for F =0.5 and F =0.75 populations than F =0 population, respectively). Despite significant inbreeding depression on the percentage of female reproductive trees and the number of cones on adult trees, overall inbreeding depression on fecundity was low in radiata pine. One founder clone contributed most of the significant inbreeding depression observed for the population of eight founder clones. It was observed that fecundity varied more widely among the eight clones than among the inbreeding level (self and outcross).
Discordance Between Geographical Distribution and Genetic Relationship Among Populations of Japanese Red Pine in Korea Revealed by Analysis of I-SSR Markers
Authors: Hong Y.-P. , Kwon H.-Y. , Kim K.-S. , Hong K.-N. , Kim Y.-Y. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLevel and distribution of genetic diversity in 8 populations of Japanese red pine in Korea were estimated using I-SSR variants. A total of 80 I-SSR variants were observed in the analyzed 150 individuals, which revealed DNA fingerprints-like individual specific amplicon profiles for all of them. Relatively higher level of genetic diversity within populations was observed in 8 populations of Japanese red pine (mean of 0.450) than in other tree species. From the results of AMOVA, majority of genetic diversity was allocated within populations (93.42%) resulting in a moderate degree of population differentiation (ΦST= 0.066). The observed distribution pattern of I-SSR variants among 8 populations was coincided with the typical patterns for the long-lived woody species. Genetic relationships among the populations, reconstructed by UPGMA and Neighbor- Joining methods, revealed 2 genetic groups. The populations of Gangwon-Uljin and Chungnam-Taean turned out to be the most closely related despite a distant location between them. The overall genetic relationships among the 8 populations, reconstructed by both methods, were not coincided with geographic distances. The discrepancy between genetic relationships and geographical distribution among the populations suggests that the analyzed populations might have undergone random changes in genetic composition due to some kinds of disturbances. Results obtained in this study suggests that more careful approach should be made in preparing strategy for gene conservation of Japanese red pine in Korea. More information on countrywide molecular population genetic status of Japanese red pine will be helpful to prepare more reasonable strategy for gene conservation of the species in the country.
Seed Source Variation in Cone, Seed and Seedling Characteristic Across the Natural Distribution of Himalayan Low Level Pine Pinus roxburghii Sarg
Authors: Roy S. Mukherjee , Thapliyal R. C. , Phartyal S. S. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The wide range of climatic condition in the natural distribution of chir pine is expected to result in high genetic variation within different populations of the species. The present study on the provenance variation of chir pine aims to determine the nature and extent of variation in wide range of populations with respect to 23 morphological traits of cone, seed and seedling, (at nursery stage) of 63 provenances of Pinus roxburghii. Seed sources exhibited a wide range of variability in terms of mean vales for various traits, standard deviation, variance, coefficient of variability, broad sense heritability, genetic advance and genetic gain and offer ample scope for undertaking screening for the desired traits. Genotypic variance (Vg) and genotypic coefficient of variability (GCV) for most of the parameters were found to be higher than corresponding environmental variance (Ve) and environmental coefficient of variability (ECV), except cone fresh weight, survival%, days taken for bud break and collar diameter where Ve and ECV dominated the Vg and GCV, thus indicating influence of environment on the expression of these traits. Moderate to high percentage of heritability coupled with same intensity of gain, was observed for many of the traits studied under laboratory conditions and at nursery stage e.g. for germination percentage, MGT, GV. This signifies that these traits are under strong genetic control and good amount of heritable additive genetic component can be exploited for further selection and improvement of this species.
Fertility and Effective Population Size in Seedling Seed Orchards of Casuarina equisetifolia and C. junghuhniana
Authors: Varghese M. , Lindgren D. , Nicodemus A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Two seedling seed orchards each of C. equisetifolia and C. junghuhniana established by thinning provenance trials in coastal and inland locations in South India were evaluated for sex expression and fertility variation at four years. More than 80% of the trees in C. equisetifolia orchards were fertile in both sites with a similar pattern of more (almost 2 times) female trees and equal proportion of monoecious and non-flowering trees. In C. junghuhniana, the coastal orchard had twice the proportion of fertile trees as that of the inland. Orchards established in coastal environment had less fertility variation and hence maintained lower coancestry values in both species. Coastal site has more trees contributing effectively to seed production than inland locations and the orchards maintain higher (almost two times) effective population sizes. Genetic drift is also 3 times higher in inland locations in both species. Male and female trees in inland orchards of both species however had greater reproductive output than coastal trees. Monoecious Casuarina equisetifolia trees showed a different trend of greater male fertility in coastal site, but seed output was the same in both locations. Gene diversity values of all orchards are high though it is marginally higher in coastal sites. Measures like constrained seed collection from large number of trees and promoting representation of superior provenances with low fertility would be useful in checking diversity loss during domestication.
Genetic Variation in Turkish Red Pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) Seed Stands as Determined by RAPD Markers
Authors: Kandedmir G. Eren , Kandemir I. , Kaya Zeki 
Published: November 2017

SummaryTurkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) is one of the important tree species in Turkey. The species has been heavily disturbed by anthropogenic factors and fire, making it important to understand the magnitude of the impact on genetic diversity of areas reserved for seed production. To explore the extent of genetic variation in Turkish red pine seed stands, a random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) marker system was used in the study. The estimated genic diversity for seed stands was found to range from H =0.17 (P, %of polymorphic loci =%58.7) in Çameli-Göldağ to 0.29 (P =%81.7) in Bayramiç-Karaköy seed stand though the lowest polymorphism was observed in Fındıkpınarı seed stand (P =55.8%). The total gene diversity was calculated as HT=0.34, in Turkish red pine. About 65% of the total diversity was within seed stands. No distinct pattern of genetic diversity was found according to the geography, elevation or breeding zones. The highest genetic differentiation was found in the Western Mediterranean geographic region, however, within population genetic diversity was found to be similar among different geographic regions (HS=0.22-0.24). GSTvalue calculated was high (0.35) indicating that genetic differentiation among the studied seed stands was substantial. Dendrogram constructed with genetic distance data did not yield a firm pattern with respect to geography, elevation and breeding zones. In fact, the most of the clusters in the dendrogram had very low bootstrap values, suggesting that the clusters could be refined if more populations and markers are included in the future studies. The implication of the results with respect to in situ conservation of genetic resources of the species was discussed.
Genotype x Environment Interaction in Maritime Pine Families in Galicia, Northwest Spain
Authors: Zas R. , Merlo E. , Fernández-López J. 
Published: November 2017

Summary
The magnitude and practical importance of family x site interactions for growth and form traits in maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) breeding in the coastal area of Galicia (NW Spain) were analysed using several different techniques. Data were from 58 8-yr-old half-sib families planted across four sites. The analysis of variance and the ratio of interaction to family variance component showed the interactions to be quantitatively important for several traits, especially for volume and straightness. Genetic correlations between the same trait at different sites were moderate and highly variable, especially for certain pairs of sites. The results indicated that interactions are a consequence of few highly interactive families that may be particularly sensitive to environmental variation. The removal of these families from the breeding program appeared as an effective strategy to solve the interactions. Results are discussed in relation to the stability parameter considered to identify the most unstable progenies.
Seed Source Variation in Growth Performance of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. of Australian Origin in India
Authors: Ginwal H. S. , Kumar Pradip , Sharma V. K. , Mandal A. K. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractResults of a provenance trial of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh. laid out in 2001 at Seothi (30° N Lat., 76° E Long. and 250 m altitude) Haryana, a semi-arid region of India are reported and discussed. Six seed sources from Australia viz. Laura River, Emu Creek, Degrey River, Wiluna, Kennedy River, Morehead River were evaluated from nursery stage (3 months) to field performance (2 year). Two sources viz. E.tereticornis (Helenvele, Qld) and FRI-4 a local seed source were used as control (check material). Significant differences between the seed sources at nursery stage were observed for collar diameter (P < 0.05) and number of leaves (P < 0.01). At age 2 years, significant differences between the seed sources (P < 0.05) were observed for height and field survival. The two seed sources viz. Emu Creek Petford, QLD and Laura river, QLD ranked first and second for height and survival at this age. Results indicate that genetic differences exist between the sources of E. camaldulensis. None of the traits assessed (viz. height, collar diameter, number of leaves, number of branches and survival) was found to correlate with any of the geographical coordinates of the site (latitude, longitude and altitude). There were fair differences between phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variability. Heritability values were fairly high for height and clear bole length in comparison to collar diameter, number of branches and survival. The relative performance of these provenances was fairly consistent throughout the period of observation. The two sources viz. Laura river, QLD and Emu Creek Petford, QLD are recommended for potential source for plantation programme under semi-arid conditions.