bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoscopic compartmentalization of membrane protein motion at the axon initial segment
Authors: Albrecht David , Winterflood Christian M. , Tschager Thomas , Ewers Helge 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe axon initial segment (AIS) is enriched in specific adaptor, cytoskeletal and transmembrane molecules. During AIS establishment, a membrane diffusion barrier is formed between the axon and the somatodendritic domain. Recently, an axonal periodic pattern of actin, spectrin and ankyrin forming 190 nm distanced, ring-like structures has been discovered. However, whether this structure is related to the diffusion barrier function is unclear.Here, we performed single particle tracking timecourse experiments on hippocampal neurons during AIS development. We analyzed the mobility of lipid-anchored molecules by high-speed single particle tracking and correlated positions of membrane molecules with the nanoscopic organization of the AIS cytoskeleton.We observe a strong reduction in mobility early in AIS development. Membrane protein motion in the AIS plasma membrane is confined to a repetitive pattern of ~190 nm spaced segments along the AIS axis as early as DIV4 and this pattern alternates with actin rings. Our data provide a new model for the mechanism of the AIS diffusion barrier.
Multiplex shRNA Screening of Germ Cell Development byin vivoTransfection of Mouse Testis
Authors: Ho Nicholas R. Y. , Usmani Abul R. , Yin Yan , Ma Liang , Conrad Donald F. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSpermatozoa are one of the few mammalian cells types that cannot be fully derivedin vitro, severely limiting the application of modern genomic techniques to study germ cell biology. The current gold standard approach of characterizing single gene knockout mice is slow as generation of each mutant line can take 6-9 months. Here, we describe anin vivoapproach to rapid functional screening of germline genes based on a new non-surgical, non-viralin vivotransfection method to deliver nucleic acids into testicular germ cells. By coupling multiplex transfection of short hairpin RNA constructs with pooled amplicon sequencing as a readout, we were able to screen many genes for spermatogenesis function in a quick and inexpensive experiment. We transfected nine mouse testes with a pilot pool of RNAi against well-characterized genes to show that this system is highly reproducible and accurate. With a false negative rate of 18% and a false positive rate of 12%, this method has similar performance as other RNAi screens in the well-describedDrosophilamodel system. In a separate experiment, we screened 26 uncharacterized genes computationally predicted to be essential for spermatogenesis and found numerous candidates for follow up studies. Further, by characterizing the effect of both libraries on neuronal N2a cells, we show that our screening results from testis are tissue-specific. Our calculations indicate that the current implementation of this approach could be used to screen thousands of protein-coding genes simultaneously in a single mouse testis. The experimental protocols and analysis scripts provided will enable other groups to use this procedure to study diverse aspects of germ cell biology ranging from epigenetics to cell physiology. This approach also has great promise as an applied tool for validating diagnoses made from medical genome sequencing, or designing synthetic biological sequences that act as potent and highly specific male contraceptives.
Epigenetic regulation of miR-218 and its host gene, SLIT2 in breast cancer
Authors: Babu Ganesh , Nambi Arivudai 
Published: April 2016

AbstractNumerous studies have shown that microRNAs are deregulated in various types of cancer. Although miR-218 aberrant expression has been documented in various cancers, the epigenetic regulation of miR-218 is unclear in breast cancer. Our results demonstrate that treatment of breast cancer cells with demethylating agent, 5-azacytidine, resulted in increased expression of miR-218 and its host gene slit-2, suggesting that they are epigenetically regulated in breast cancer. The ectopic expression of miR-218 sensitize breast cancer cell to doxorubicin treatment. The results suggest that miR-218 is epigenetically regulated along with its host gene and function as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. miR-218 and SLIT2 may have potential therapeutic value in combination with demethylating drug in breast cancer patients.
Inferring local movement of pathogen vectors among hosts
Authors: Fu Z , Epstein B , Kelley J. L. , Zheng Q. , Bergland A. O. , Castillo Carrillo C. I. , Jensen A. S. , Snyder W. E. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractHerbivores often move among spatially interspersed host plants, tracking high-quality resources through space and time. This dispersal is of particular interest for vectors of plant pathogens. Existing molecular tools to track such movement have yielded important insights, but often provide insufficient genetic resolution to infer spread at finer spatiotemporal scales. Here, we explore the use ofNextera-tagmentedreductively-amplifiedDNA (NextRAD) sequencing to infer movement of a highly-mobile winged insect, the potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli), among host plants. The psyllid vectors the pathogen that causes zebra chip disease in potato (Solanum tuberosum), but understanding and managing the spread of this pathogen is limited by uncertainty about the insect’s host plant(s) outside of the growing season. We identified 8,443 polymorphic loci among psyllids separated spatiotemporally on potato or in patches of bittersweet nightshade (S.dulcumara), a weedy plant proposed to be the source of potato-colonizing psyllids. A subset of the psyllids on potato exhibited close genetic similarity to insects on nightshade, consistent with regular movement between these two host plants. However, a second subset of potato-collected psyllids was genetically distinct from those collected on bittersweet nightshade; this suggests that a currently unrecognized host-plant species could be contributing to psyllid populations in potato. Oftentimes, dispersal of vectors of plant or animal pathogens must be tracked at a relatively fine scale in order to understand, predict, and manage disease spread. We demonstrate that emerging sequencing technologies that detect SNPs across a vector’s entire genome can be used to infer such localized movement.
An extension of thestudyforrestdataset for vision research
Authors: Sengupta Ayan , Kaule Falko R. , Guntupalli J. Swaroop , Hoffmann Michael B. , Häusler Christian , Stadler Jörg , Hanke Michael 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThestudyforrest(http://studyforrest.org) dataset is likely the largest neuroimag-ing dataset on natural language and story processing publicly available today. In this article, along with a companion publication, we present an update of this dataset that extends its scope to vision and multi-sensory research. 15 participants of the original cohort volunteered for a series of additional studies: a clinical examination of visual function, a standard retinotopic mapping procedure, and a localization of higher visual areas — such as the fusiform face area. The combination of this update, the previous data releases for the dataset, and the companion publication, which includes neuroimaging and eye tracking data from natural stimulation with a motion picture, form an extremely versatile and comprehensive resource for brain imaging research — with almost six hours of functional neuroimaging data across five different stimulation paradigms for each participant. Furthermore, we describe employed paradigms and present results that document the quality of the data for the purpose of characterising major properties of participants’ visual processing stream.
In Silicomethod for identification of MHC class I-like molecules in whole genomes
Authors: Reinink Peter , van Rhijn Ildiko 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTMining of genomic data is a valuable tool for the discovery of orthologous genes of close or distant relatives of humans and mice. Here we describe a standardized search method for the MHC class I-like molecules CD1 and MR1 and apply it to 18 mammalian genomes.
The service learning projects: stakeholder benefits and potential class topics
Authors: Rutti Raina M. , LaBonte Joanne , Helms Marilyn Michelle , Hervani Aref Agahei , Sarkarat Sy 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to summarize the benefits of including a service learning project in college classes and focusses on benefits to all stakeholders, including students, community, and faculty.Design/methodology/approach– Using a snowball approach in academic databases as well as a nominal group technique to poll faculty, key topics for service learning across college disciplines are presented.Findings– Findings include a wide range of service learning projects across disciplines.Research limitations/implications– Areas for future research are identified to expand the service learning topic list as well as guide studies on the long-term benefit of service learning for each identified stakeholder.Practical implications– For new faculty or faculty new to service learning, the list of paper ideas is a good first step to identify projects. While not comprehensive, the list serves to stimulate topic ideas and fills a void in the service learning literature.Social implications– Service learning exists to provide real-world learning for students, but the projects provide benefits for community groups, agencies, and organizations. Societal benefits from the student effort are numerous and there are little or no costs to the agencies who participate.Originality/value– The abundance of service learning literature has studied learning across disciplines and has quantitatively and qualitatively presented benefits, but no studies have worked to compile project ideas across major college disciplines. This research addresses this issue and provides the key first step to implement the service learning pedagogy: the topic idea.
Does teaching ethics do any good?
Authors: Jonson Elizabeth Prior , McGuire Linda , Cooper Brian 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
– This matched-pairs study of undergraduates at an Australian University investigates whether business ethics education has a positive effect on student ethical behaviour. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach
– This study uses a matched-pairs design to look at responses before and after students have taken a semester-long unit in business ethics. The authors used ethical scenarios and analysed both the starting position and changes in responses for the total student group, and by gender and citizenship.

Findings
– The results from this matched-pairs study show ethics education has a limited impact on students’ responses to ethical dilemmas.

Practical implications
– Ethics subjects are now ubiquitous in business schools, but it may be time to consider alternatives to the philosophical normative teaching approach.

Originality/value
– This paper is significant in that it uses 142 matched pairs to look at responses before and after students have taken a semester-long unit in business ethics. This study provides qualified support for the proposition that business ethics education has an impact on students’ ethical decision making.
Increasing transparency is not always the panacea
Authors: De Vries Michiel , Sobis Iwona 
Published: April 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to argue that the analysis of corruption must distinguish between corruption in organizations where this kind of behaviour is widespread and corruption in organizations where it is rare, and must also distinguish between corruption as the outcome of an economic cost-benefit analysis and corruption induced by social-psychological factors.Design/methodology/approach– This is a conceptual paper.Findings– In order to be effective in combating corruption, a fit is needed with the main determinants of corrupt behaviour: first, at the individual level in which either personal morality, social or economic considerations are at stake; second, at the organizational level in which social-psychological factors might be determinative; and third, at the contextual level in which economic prosperity, the nature of the political system and cultural features are important.Practical implications– Especially in systems where corruption is widespread, policymakers could benefit from theories in social psychology to combat corruption.Social implications– To see corruption as the result of an individual cost-benefit analysis or as a lack of morality often misses the point in cases of widespread corruption.Originality/value– The paper points at the added value of social psychology approach to corruption as compared to the approaches at present dominant in public administration.
Transformational leadership and knowledge sharing
Authors: Han Seung Hyun , Seo Gaeun , Yoon Seung Won , Yoon Dong-Yeol 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the fundamental process through which transformational leaders play a significant role in employees’ knowledge sharing by investigating mediating roles of individual affects, particularly psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB).Design/methodology/approachStructural equation modeling, including confirmatory factor and path analysis, is conducted to test proposed hypothesis.FindingsThe results of this study indicate significant direct effects of transformational leadership on psychological empowerment, organizational commitment and OCB. Moreover, transformational leadership also shows an indirect effect on employees’ OCB, which, in turn, is identified as the primary factor that influences knowledge sharing. However, organizational commitment does not provide a significant influence on knowledge sharing. These findings highlight the importance of mediating roles, particularly OCB, to predict employees’ knowledge-sharing intention.Originality/valueIdentifying structural determinants of knowledge sharing is an important scholarly agenda. In particular, the mechanisms and processes by which leadership exerts influence to motivate employees to share knowledge deserve scholarly inquiry, and there, is a need for more research to understand the mechanisms and processes through which leadership influences individual motivation and attitudes toward pro-social behaviors, such as knowledge sharing.
Improved Discrimination and Prediction of Drapability of Fabrics
Authors: Tandon Surinder , Matsudaira Mitsuo 
Published: April 2016

A garment is regarded as desirable and beautiful if it covers the body with harmony and gracefulness. High drape, lightweight and soft handle fabrics are in demand, particularly for womenswear garments such as dresses, shirts, skirts, trousers and suits. Fabric drapability can
be measured by a number of drapemeters for different modes of drapability such as static, dynamic and revolving. It has been shown that the drape coefficients, Ds
, Dd
and Dr
, associated with these respective modes of drapability can be predicted from a combination of measurements from the KES-F system (Kawabata Evaluation System for Fabrics).
In this paper we present the results of our studies on the prediction of drapability of lightweight wool fabrics, based on the KES-F system and drape coefficient predictive equations. It has been shown that the parameters Dr/Ds
and Dd/Ds
, called Indices of Drape Fluidity, Ir
and Id
, express the fluid drape behaviour better than Ds
, Dr
, D200
and Dd
. This is because they discriminate and predict the drapability of fabrics better. Ir
and Id
have higher CV% than the Dr
and Dd
data, and therefore represent greater relative dispersion in a fabric group for drape. Various drape parameters of a group of wool fabrics have been compared with the four groups of polyester Shingosen fabrics, namely, New Silky, New Worsted, Rayon Touch and Peach Face, which are recognised for their soft fluid drape.
Modified analytical model of magnetohydrodynamics angular rate sensor for low-frequency compensation
Authors: Ji Yue , Li Xingfei , Wu Tengfei , Chen Cheng 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
Magnetohydrodynamics angular regular sensor (MHD ARS) has been used in many applications for its low noise in wide bandwidth, impact resistance and low power consumption; however, it is unable to estimate the angular velocity at low frequencies such as below 1 Hz. It is difficult to design compensation methods without an exact model. The aim of this study is to investigate a more exact analytical model characterization of the sensor’s frequency response, especially at a low-frequency zone.

Design/methodology/approach
A correction coefficient of electromagnetic force in simplified MHD ARS model was introduced according to the theoretical analysis of MHD flow and it was obtained by numerical simulation of electromagnetic force varying with time, space structure and frequency.

Findings
To make comparison, the transfer function of the designed MHD ARS in the experiment was identified using Gauss–Newton method with reasonable weights. The identification results confirmed the analytical model. Furthermore, a digital filter was designed based on the analytical model, and the compensation results showed that the frequency limit at low-frequency side was extended from 1 to 0.01 Hz.

Originality/value
The modified analytical model can describe the MHD ARS’s frequency response exactly and may be applied in its low-frequency compensation.
Surge detecting with a spherical sensor
Authors: Tang Zhijie , Luo Qian , Leng Xinnan , Liu Pinglong , Luo Jun 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to design a spherical sensor which can detect the surge from various directions to lay the foundation of the research of surge.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper designed a spherical sensor to detect the impact force generated by the surge. To realize the depth and stability control of the shallow underwater vehicles, it is necessary to do research and analysis on the surge in shallow waters. The spherical sensor with novel structure was skillfully composed of 24 cantilever beam pressure-type strain sensors. It is powerful to detect the surge from various directions simultaneously.

Findings
It is proved that the spherical sensor can accurately collect the surge data from multiple directions through experiments, which laid the foundation of the anti-surge study.

Research limitations/implications
Surge is not a new topic. But there is no effective tool to detect surge. The research of this paper is an attempt to provide an available tool to analyze surge. The research limitation is that the pool where the spherical sensor is installed is a little small. In the future, a bigger pool can be used.

Practical implications
A deep and comprehensive analysis of surge can be conducted according to the surge data detected by the spherical sensor to achieve the essential features of surge. This lays the foundation for the accurate control of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs), especially fixed depth and stability control.

Social implications
As the control accuracy of AUVs increases, the AUVs can perform much more difficult tasks such as port monitoring, underwater salvaging, underwater pipeline maintenance and so on. These can be applied in commercial applications or in the national defense of many countries.

Originality/value
A novel spherical sensor using 24 cantilever beam pressure-type strain sensors to detect the surge was designed. The spherical sensor was installed in the physical surge simulator to collect surge data and conduct an analysis of the collected data.
Lab-on-a-chip and other miniaturised analytical instruments
Authors: Bogue Robert 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to provide details of miniaturised analytical instrument technologies and developments.

Design/methodology/approach
Following an introduction and historical background, this first considers miniaturised chromatographs and spectrometers based on micro-electromechanical system (MEMS)/micro total analytical system technologies. It then discusses lab-on-a-chip developments with an emphasis on capillary electrophoresis. Developments in the emerging lab-on-paper technology are then considered and are followed by brief concluding comments.

Findings
This shows that many classes of analytical instruments which offer a number of operational and economic benefits have been miniaturised through the use of microfabrication and other technologies. They are an active field of research and are based on silicon, glass, polymers and even paper and are underpinned by developments in microfluidics and optofluidics and fabrication techniques which include lithography, MEMS and micro-opto-electromechanical system.

Originality/value
This provides an insight into the rapidly developing field of miniaturised analytical instrument technologies.
Components of a Moral Economy: Interest, Credit, and Debt in Haiti's Transnational Health Care System
Authors: Minn Pierre 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTThe concept of “moral economy” has garnered the attention of anthropologists for its juxtaposition of two central dimensions of human experience that are often treated as distinct realms. However, the concept's analytic potential remains limited, in part because of the challenges in identifying what specifically a moral economy might comprise or entail. I suggest that articulating components of moral economies—in this case interest, credit, and debt—brings into relief some of the more subtle features of social processes that involve diverse resources, transfers, and calculations. Specifically, I use this approach to examine the provision of health services in Haiti by foreign clinicians and the emigration of Haitian health professionals, drawing on ethnographic research conducted in and around the city of Cap‐Haïtien. I illustrate how moral economies exist through actions, experiences, and representations, and I shed light on less conspicuous dimensions of international medical interventions, humanitarianism, and “brain drain.”
A Survey of Surface Reconstruction from Point Clouds
Authors: Berger Matthew , Tagliasacchi Andrea , Seversky Lee M. , Alliez Pierre , Guennebaud Gaël , Levine Joshua A. , Sharf Andrei , Silva Claudio T. 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe area of surface reconstruction has seen substantial progress in the past two decades. The traditional problem addressed by surface reconstruction is to recover the digital representation of a physical shape that has been scanned, where the scanned data contain a wide variety of defects. While much of the earlier work has been focused on reconstructing a piece‐wise smooth representation of the original shape, recent work has taken on more specialized priors to address significantly challenging data imperfections, where the reconstruction can take on different representations—not necessarily the explicit geometry. We survey the field of surface reconstruction, and provide a categorization with respect to priors, data imperfections and reconstruction output. By considering a holistic view of surface reconstruction, we show a detailed characterization of the field, highlight similarities between diverse reconstruction techniques and provide directions for future work in surface reconstruction.