bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The country‐level effects of drinking, heavy drinking and drink prices on pre‐drinking: An international comparison of 25 countries
Authors: Labhart Florian , Ferris Jason , Winstock Adam , Kuntsche Emmanuel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroduction and Aims. The practice and adverse consequences of pre‐drinking have been documented within a dozen countries, but little remains known about the differences between countries or the country‐specific determinants of pre‐drinking. This study aims to estimate the percentage of pre‐drinkers in different countries and the impact of country‐level indicators such as the price of alcohol and the prevalence of drinkers and of heavy drinkers. Design and Methods. Using data from the Global Drug Survey, the percentage of pre‐drinkers was estimated for 25 countries from 65 126 respondents. Bivariate and multivariate multilevel models were used to model the impact of the on‐premise/off‐premise drinks price ratio, the prevalence of current drinkers and of heavy drinkers on the percentage of pre‐drinkers. Results. The estimated percentage of pre‐drinkers per country ranged from 17.7% (Greece) to 85.4% (Ireland). Across all countries, the higher the prevalence of current drinkers, the higher the percentage of pre‐drinkers. In addition, an interaction between the prevalence of heavy drinkers and the price ratio was found. In countries with a low price ratio, the higher the prevalence of heavy drinkers, the higher the percentage of pre‐drinkers. The opposite effect was observed in countries with high price ratios. Discussion and Conclusions. Pre‐drinking appears to be a worldwide phenomenon. The significant effects of all three indicators demonstrate the role of country‐level determinants underpinning the prevalence of pre‐drinking across countries. Policy makers could use the reported findings for initiating campaigns to reduce pre‐drinking behaviour. [Labhart F, Ferris J, Winstock A, Kuntsche E. The country‐level effects of drinking, heavy drinking and drink prices on pre‐drinking: An international comparison of 25 countries.
Analysis of patients’ willingness to be mobile, taking into account individual characteristics and two exemplary indications
Authors: Augustin Jobst , Schäfer Ines , Augustin Matthias , Zander Nicole 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundWith respect to health care planning, it is commonly assumed that patients consult the nearest physician. In reality, however, patients frequently accept great­er efforts/expenses than necessary to see a physician. The objective of the present study was to determine under which circumstances patients were willing to accept additional efforts/expenses, and which role sociodemographic and clinical characteristics play in this regard.MethodsData collection was carried out in the context of a multicenter cross‐sectional study among office‐based and hospital‐affiliated (University Medical Center Hamburg‐Eppendorf) dermatologists. Patients (n = 309) with psoriasis and chronic wounds were surveyed about their mobility patterns and disease severity. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and multivariate methods.ResultsThe willingness to accept additional efforts/expenses is primarily determined by a physician's expertise and service portfolio. Comparing both diagnoses showed that psoriasis patients usually traveled longer distances than wound patients. Among psoriasis patients, one significant predictor for accepting additional efforts/expenses was the level of education. With regard to wound patients, key factors included wound size (severity).ConclusionThe present study revealed complex mobility patterns among patients, which are affected by numerous personal as well as clinical factors. Depending on the diagnosis and individual preferences, additional efforts/expenses can – among other things – be explained by disease severity. Further studies are required to obtain more conclusive data.
Economic burden of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma: Results from an international trial
Authors: Robinson Don , Orlowski Robert Z. , Stokes Michael , He Jianming , Huse Samuel , Chitnis Abhishek , Kranenburg Britte , Lam Annette 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe direct cost of relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is documented; indirect costs are being explored. Healthcare payers seek cost‐offsets from therapies that improve clinical outcomes but challenge budgets; employers seek lower absenteeism and better productivity. Study goals were to: (i) identify direct and indirect economic factors of RRMM, and (ii) explore longitudinal relationships between clinical, economic, and health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) assessments.MethodsEconomic questionnaire, clinical, and HRQoL data from a multisite, international, randomized, controlled study in RRMM were analyzed.ResultsPatients (n=263) were 53.6% male, 91.6% Caucasian; mean age of 62.9 years, median Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group status of 1 (56.3%). Moderate to severe pain or fatigue was reported by 30.4% and 70.6%, respectively. At baseline, ≥1 hospitalization was reported by 107 (41.8%); 182 (71.1%) and 86 (33.6%) reported specialist and family physician visits, respectively. A total of 28 (10.8%) were working: 10 (37.0%) of which reported RRMM‐driven absenteeism ≥1 day. Of those who were not working, 110 (48.2%) indicated that it was due to RRMM. Multivariate modeling showed lower hospitalization with a major tumor response (β=−1.44, CI: −2.89 to 0.01, P=.05).ConclusionsSubstantial RRMM indirect, social costs were observed. Better major tumor response may reduce hospital visits.
Adorno's Aristotle Critique and Ethical Naturalism
Authors: Whyman Tom 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, I do three things. First, I unpack and outline an intriguing but neglected aspect of the thought of the Frankfurt School critical theorist Theodor W. Adorno—namely, his critique of Aristotle, which can be found in two of his lecture series: the unpublished 1956 lectures on moral philosophy and the 1965 lectures published as Metaphysics: Concept and Problems. Second, I demonstrate how Adorno's Aristotle critique constitutes a powerful critique of contemporary neo‐Aristotelian ethical naturalism, of the sort advocated by thinkers such as Philippa Foot, Michael Thompson and John McDowell. Third, I expound upon where this critique leaves the prospect of formulating a robust ethical naturalism more generally.
Large but uneven reduction in fish size across species in relation to changing sea temperatures
Authors: van Rijn Itai , Buba Yehezkel , DeLong John , Kiflawi Moshe , Belmaker Jonathan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractEctotherms often attain smaller body sizes when they develop at higher temperatures. This phenomenon, known as the temperature–size rule, has important consequences for global fisheries, whereby ocean warming is predicted to result in smaller fish and reduced biomass. However, the generality of this phenomenon and the mechanisms that drive it in natural populations remain unresolved. In this study, we document the maximal size of 74 fish species along a steep temperature gradient in the Mediterranean Sea and find strong support for the temperature–size rule. Importantly, we additionally find that size reduction in active fish species is dramatically larger than for more sedentary species. As the temperature dependence of oxygen consumption depends on activity levels, these findings are consistent with the hypothesis that oxygen is a limiting factor shaping the temperature–size rule in fishes. These results suggest that ocean warming will result in a sharp, but uneven, reduction in fish size that will cause major shifts in size‐dependent interactions. Moreover, warming will have major implications for fisheries as the main species targeted for harvesting will show the most substantial declines in biomass.
Protein modelling to understand FGB mutations leading to congenital hypofibrinogenaemia
Authors: Casini A. , Vilar R. , Beauverd Y. , Aslan D. , Devreese K. , Mondelaers V. , Alberio L. , Gubert C. , de Moerloose P. , Neerman‐Arbez M. 
Published: March 2017

IntroductionCongenital hypofibrinogenaemia is a quantitative fibrinogen disorder characterized by proportionally decreased levels of functional and antigenic fibrinogen. Mutations accounting for quantitative fibrinogen disorders are relatively frequent in the conserved COOH‐terminal globular domains of the γ and Bβ chains. The latter mutations are of particular interest since the Bβ‐chain is considered the rate‐limiting chain in the hepatic production of the fibrinogen hexamer.AimThe aim of this study was to study the molecular pattern of four patients with congenital hypofibrinogenaemia.MethodsFour novel fibrinogen Bβ‐chain mutations leading to congenital hypofibrinogenaemia were identified in four women with heterogeneous symptoms. The human fibrinogen beta chain precursor protein sequence (P02675) was obtained from the UniProt database. The resulting models were analysed using swisspdbviewer 4.1.0.ResultsThree patients were heterozygous for different missense mutations located in the highly conserved β nodule: c.882G>C:Arg294Ser (Arg264Ser), c.1298G>T:Trp433Leu (Trp403Leu) and c.1329C>G:Asn443Lys (Asn413Lys). Modelling analyses predicted major structural modifications likely to result in impaired fibrinogen secretion. One patient was heterozygous for an intron 7 donor splice mutation (c.1244 + 1G>A), leading to the complete abolishment of the donor site.ConclusionsProtein modelling of new causative mutations and comparison of molecular, biochemical and clinical data continue to yield valuable information on the development and course of fibrinogen disorders as well as on the choice of the most appropriate treatments.
Understanding Higher Education Institutions’ Publicness: Do Public Universities Produce More Public Outcomes than Private Universities?
Authors: Lee Young‐joo 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHigher education institutions produce a broad array of public outcomes. However, little is known about the varying levels of their contribution to the public good and what explains the variation among institutions. This study uses the theory of organisational publicness and examines how these institutions’ ownership status and resource publicness explain their outcome publicness, focusing on the expenditure for teaching, research and public service activities. The analysis of four‐year public and private universities in the 2012 Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System shows that universities’ reliance on federal funding is positively associated with the percentages of the expenditure on all three activities and their reliance on state funding is positively associated with the percentages of teaching and public service expenses. The findings reveal that the proportion of tuition and fees revenue is negatively associated with the percentage of public service expenditure. The results suggest that declining state funding and increasing reliance on tuition and fees weaken these institutions’ public service function, especially in the area of community engagement.
Barriers and enablers of type 2 diabetes self‐management in people with severe mental illness
Authors: Mulligan Kathleen , McBain Hayley , Lamontagne‐Godwin Frederique , Chapman Jacqui , Haddad Mark , Jones Julia , Flood Chris , Thomas David , Simpson Alan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundPeople with diabetes and severe mental illness (SMI) experience poorer outcomes than those with diabetes alone. To improve outcomes, it is necessary to understand the difficulties that people with SMI experience in managing their diabetes.AimsTo identify barriers and enablers to effective diabetes self‐management experienced by people with SMI and type 2 diabetes.MethodQualitative methodology using semi‐structured interviews was employed. Development of the interview topic guide and analysis of the transcripts were informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework for behaviour change, which consists of fourteen theoretical domains that have been found to influence behaviour.ResultsFourteen people with SMI and type 2 diabetes took part in the study. Participants considered diabetes self‐management to be important, were aware of the risks of poor diabetes control but struggled to follow recommended advice, particularly if their mental health was poor. Support from family and health professionals was considered an important enabler of diabetes self‐management.ConclusionsNew approaches are required to support diabetes self‐management in people with SMI. This study identified some of the important domains that may be targeted in new interventions.
“I have nine specialists. They need to swap notes!” Australian patients’ perspectives of medication‐related problems following discharge from hospital
Authors: Eassey Daniela , McLachlan Andrew J. , Brien Jo‐anne , Krass Ines , Smith Lorraine 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundResearch has shown that patients are most susceptible to medication‐related problems (MRPs) when transitioning from hospital to home. Currently, the literature in this area focuses on interventions, which are mainly orientated around the perspective of the health‐care professional and do not take into account patient perspectives and experiences.ObjectiveTo capture the experiences and perceptions of Australian patients regarding MRPs following discharge from hospital.DesignA cross‐sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire collecting quantitative and qualitative data. Thematic analysis was conducted of the qualitative data.Setting and participantsSurvey participants were recruited through The Digital Edge, an online market research company. Five hundred and six participants completed the survey.ResultsA total of 174 participants self‐reported MRPs. Two concepts and seven subthemes emerged from the analysis. The first concept was types of MRPs and patient experiences. Three themes were identified: unwanted effects from medicines, confusion about medicines and unrecognized medicines. The second concept was patient engagement in medication management, of which four themes emerged: informing patients, patient engagement, communication amongst health‐care professionals and conflicting advice.Discussion and conclusionThis study provides an important insight into patients’ experiences and perceptions of MRPs following discharge from hospital. Future direction for practice and research should look into implementing patient‐centred care at the time of hospital discharge to ensure the provision of clear and consistent information, and developing ways to support and empower patients to ensure a smooth transition post‐discharge from hospital.
Neotropical mycophagous drosophilids (Diptera: Drosophilidae): DNA barcoding as a way of overcoming the taxonomic impediment
Authors: Machado Stela , Junges dos Santos João Pedro , Fonseca Pedro Mesquita , Bolzan Andreza Ribeiro , David Jean , Loreto Elgion Lucio da Silva , Gottschalk Marco Silva , Robe Lizandra Jaqueline 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Within Drosophilidae, the Zygothrica genus group corresponds to a speciose mycophagous group, which remains insufficiently investigated despite its potential for ecological and evolutionary studies. The recognised gap in the knowledge of species diversity and the threat provided by global warming due to niche conservatism and stringent temperature and humidity requirements make this group an excellent candidate for testing the implementation of DNA barcoding, which is the aim of this study.

Extensive prospecting in various parts of Brazil provided 220 specimens. Considering both the morphological and molecular results, these individuals consisted of 56 species that could be distributed into three categories: 22 corresponded to previously described species, 24 very likely corresponded to undescribed species, and 10 uncertain cases corresponded mainly to one or a few females. Intra‐specific distances ranged from 0% to 5.3%, whereas inter‐specific congeneric and inter‐generic distances ranged from 2.4% to 21.7% and from 7.4% to 20% respectively. Moreover, all species were revealed as reciprocally monophyletic and presented positive barcoding gap values; 62.5% of them presented diagnostic characters. Although coalescent‐based methodologies suggested some additional splitting, species initially considered to be different were never lumped together.

Therefore, in general, DNA barcoding of mycophagous drosophilids provided results that are largely congruent throughout different molecular approaches and also with morphological boundaries. Several putative new species were revealed, highlighting the potential of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) barcodes as a tool complementary to traditional taxonomy in unravelling cryptic diversity among Neotropical mycophagous drosophilids.
Thermo‐rheological and functional properties of gamma‐irradiated wholewheat flour
Authors: Bashir Khalid , Jan Kulsum , Aggarwal Manjeet 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe effects of different doses (0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 kGy) of gamma irradiation on the thermal, rheological and functional properties of the wholewheat flour were evaluated. Water and oil absorption capacity of the flour increased from 85.92% to 91.44% and 1.10 to 1.91 g g−1 of flour, respectively, with increase in irradiation dose. The dough development time decreased with dose from 4.0 to 3.0 min. The transition temperatures (To, Tp and Tc) decreased as the dose increased; enthalpy of gelatinisation (∆H) decreased from 5.18 to 4.27 J g−1 with dose. The flow behaviour showed a shear‐thinning behaviour, and the hysteresis area decreased with dose. The structural recovery decreased with dose. FTIR did not show formation of any new chemical groups.
Greater early weight gain and shorter breastfeeding are associated with low adolescent adiponectin levels
Authors: Reyes M. , Burrows R. , Blanco E. , Lozoff B. , Gahagan S. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundEarly life factors can programme future risk for cardiovascular disease.ObjectivesWe explored associations between adolescent adiponectin levels and concomitant metabolic alteration and also looked at the association between early life factors and adolescent adiponectin levels.MethodsWe studied a longitudinal cohort of low‐income to middle‐income Chilean adolescents who were enroled in an infancy iron‐deficiency anaemia preventive trial and follow‐up studies at the Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. In the 577 adolescents who were assessed as part of the 16‐year follow‐up, we evaluated independent associations between adiponectin levels and metabolic disturbances during adolescence. We also assessed the association between early life factors [short breastfeeding {<6 months} and infancy weight gain] and adolescent adiponectin levels.ResultsParticipants were 16.8 years old (16.4–18.1), 48% female and 38% overweight/obese. Adolescent adiponectin levels were inversely associated with metabolic disturbances: altered homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance and high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol [odds ratios {95% confidence interval} = 0.87 {0.79–0.95}, p‐value = 0.002, and 0.90 {0.87–0.94}, p‐value < 0.001, respectively], adjusting for sex and fat mass index. Early life factors were independently associated with adolescent adiponectin levels, which decreased 0.88 ug mL−1 per each unit increase in weight‐for‐age z‐score between 0 and 6 months and was 1.58 ug mL−1 lower among participants with short breastfeeding.ConclusionsHigher adolescent adiponectin levels were independently associated with lower odds of metabolic disturbances. Greater weight gain during infancy and shorter breastfeeding were associated with lower adolescent adiponectin levels, supporting research indicating early life as a window of opportunity for prevention of later cardiovascular alterations. © 2017 World Obesity Federation
Interculturalism as a New Framework to reduce Prejudice in Times of Crisis in European Countries
Authors: Bello Valeria 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWith the socio‐economic crisis that is affecting Europe particularly negatively, immigrants have been often reported as additional threats in the job market for established residents. Theories of prejudice, such as the Theory of Self‐interest or that of the Perceived Group Threats, have suggested economic factors to explain these kinds of attitudes towards immigrants. More recently, some scholars have advanced theories of intercultural values to account for individuals’ dispositions towards those perceived as newcomers. The aim of this work is to understand whether or not intercultural values are able to modify the effects that economic factors exert on prejudice in times of crisis. The main objective is to identify whether the kinds of values instilled within societies play a stronger role than other variables, particularly economic factors. The findings show that Interculturalism plays a much greater role than economic factors in influencing attitudes towards outsiders.
“He invited me and didn't ask anything in return” Migration and Mobility as Vulnerabilities for Sexual Exploitation among Female Adolescents in Mexico
Authors: Rocha‐Jimenez Teresita , Brouwer Kimberly C. , Salazar Marissa , Boyce Sabrina C. , Servin Argentina E. , Goldenberg Shira M. , Staines‐Orozco Hugo , Vera‐Monroy Ricardo B. , Silverman Jay G. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthough human trafficking is recognized as a major human rights violation, there is limited evidence regarding the vulnerabilities that contribute to female adolescents’ risk of being forced or coerced into the sex trade. Vulnerabilities such as gender‐based violence, economic and social inequalities have been shown to shape the risk of sexual exploitation among adolescents. In‐depth interviews (n=18) with current sex workers who reported being deceived or forced into the sex trade as adolescents (<17 years old) were analysed to explore their experiences of migration and mobility in Mexico. Driven by socio‐economic and vulnerabilities in home communities, adolescents often engaged in internal migration and mobility to other Mexican communities and states. Migration and mobility further predisposed them to social isolation, economic hardship and abuse, which were used as tools to trick them into the sex trade. Policies that support safer migration for adolescents in origin, transit, and destination communities are needed.
Analyzing Equilibrium in Incomplete Markets with Model Uncertainty
Authors: Yoshikawa Daisuke 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we analyze equilibrium in incomplete markets of random endowments by adopting utility indifference pricing and utility‐based pricing. Addressing model uncertainty, we also consider agents who adopt maxmin expected utility and a risk management policy. Using this framework, we demonstrate the existence of equilibrium. Moreover, we clarify the differences in the features of equilibria derived using these methods. Further, we show that the traded amount of random endowments in equilibrium by indifference pricing depends on the degree of risk aversion, initial capital, and agents' risk limits.