bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Pola Bakteri dan Uji Sensitivitas Antibiotik di Kamar Bedah Mata Rumah Sakit Mata Provinsi Sulawesi Utara
Authors: Benjamin Estelina I. , Homenta Heriyannis , Waworuntu Olivia A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) are infections of pathogenic microorganisms into the human body within 48-72 hours after a patient's hospital admission. These infections are commonly attributed to ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), surgical site infections (SSI), central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSI), and catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). Increased HAI cases is also associated with an increase in Multiple Drug-Resistant (MDR) strains due to inappropriate antibiotic selection for treating diseases resulting from HAIs. This study aimed to identify bacterial patterns and sensitivity tests at the ophthalmic surgical room of Rumah Sakit Mata Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Thus was an observational and descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. The results showed seven Bacillus sp., four Staphylococcus sp., and one Staphylococcus aureus. Sensitivity tests using 18 types of antibiotics revealed antibiotic resistance patterns of the identified bacteria: seven strains of XDR in Bacillus sp., four strains of MDR in Staphylococcus sp., and the presence of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In conclusion, Bacillus sp. is the most abundant bacteria found. Bacillus sp. is sensitive to the antibiotic meropenem, while it is resistant to ceftriaxone and sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
Keywords: healthcare-associated infections; identification of bacteria; antibiotic sensitivity test

Abstrak: Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) adalah infeksi mikroorganisme patogen ke dalam tubuh manusia yang terjadi 48-72 jam setelah pasien masuk rumah sakit, umumnya disebabkan oleh ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP), surgical site infections (SSI), central line associated blood stream infections (CLABSI), dan catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI). Peningkatan kasus HAIs sejalan dengan peningkatan multiple drug-resistant (MDR) karena ketidaktepatan pemilihan antibiotik dalam mengobati HAIs. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pola bakteri dan uji sensitivitas antibiotik di kamar bedah mata Rumah Sakit Mata Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan Bacillus sp. tujuh bakteri, Staphylococcus sp. empat bakteri, dan Staphylococcus aureus satu bakteri. Uji sensitivitas terhadap 18 antibiotik menunjukkan gambaran resistensi, yaitu: Bacillus sp. terdapat tujuh bakteri Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR), Staphylococcus sp. terdapat empat bakteri MDR, dan Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Simpulan penelitian ini, yaitu: Bacillus sp., merupakan bakteri terbanyak yang ditemukan. Bacillus sp. sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem namun resisten terhadap antibiotik ceftriaxone, dan sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim.
Kata kunci: healthcare-associated infections; identifikasi bakteri; uji sensitivitas antibiotik
The failure of the militarised fight against ‘Galamsey’ in Ghana: A critical overview of the class and political dynamics
Authors: Aziabah Maxwell Akansina , Ayelazuno Jasper Abembia 
Published: September 2024

This paper argues that the militarised fight against illegal artisanal small-scale mining (ASM) in Ghana—popularly known in Ghanaian parlance as ‘galamsey’—is neither class-neutral nor apolitical. It is politically opportunistic and elitist, class-wise. Drawing on a plurality of secondary sources—scholarly and grey literature, media, and internet sources – we present a critical overview of developments in the Ghanaian ASM sector, and the militarised fight against illegal operators. Further, we delineate and clarify the politics and class dynamics that characterise the sector and the overall state-led fight against the phenomenon of ‘galamsey’. We predict that because these dynamics pivot on financial wherewithal and power, the militarised fight against ‘galamsey’ may hardly succeed and is thus always and forever bound to fail. Yet, its implications for the powerless subaltern classes are always appalling and deleterious, as they often lose their livelihoods in the fight, culminating in retarded community development.
Current state of sturgeon fish off the eastern coast of the Sea of Azov
Authors: Vilkova O. Yu. , Vasiov A. B. 
Published: September 2024

The aim: the characteristics of sturgeon fish that make seasonal migrations to the near-shore zone of the Azov Sea.Material — scientific monitoring of commercial fishing with stationary seines in the water area of the Sea of Azov adjacent to the Primorsko-Akhtarsk district in October 2022, 2023 and April 2023, 2024.The results: Russian Sturgeon and Starry Sturgeon (Sevruga) were encountered in stationary seines from 50% to 100%, and the average catch of these species per facility was 1.3–7 sp./day in the autumn and spring periods, respectively. In the fall of 2022, the prevalence of Sevruga in bycatch was almost double — 63% of the total bycatch; in the spring and fall of 2023, 2024, the superiority was with Sturgeon — 63–83% of the bycatch. Size range of Sturgeon in 2022–2024 was from 22 to 148 cm; Sevruga — from 23 to 123 cm. The weight range of Sturgeon was from 0.1 to 30.0 kg, Sevruga — from 0.2 to 7.8 kg. The share of fish that reached the commercial length was on average 20.7% of Sturgeon and 36.6% of Sevruga. The age of the fish varied from fingerlings to 16+ for Sturgeon and up to 8+ for Sevruga. The average fullness coefficient of Russian Sturgeon in the autumn was 0.72; in spring, — 0.79; Sevruga: in the autumn of 2022 and 2023–0.45, in the spring of 2023–0.58. The state of Russian Sturgeon in the near-shore aggregations indicates the formation of its full-fledged mixed-age population in the Sea of Azov, that allows to expect its commercial fishing in the near future, on the background of the increasing its stock. The state of the Sevruga requires more in-depth research. A high fish fatness coefficient indicates their sufficient food supply.Practical value: Observations of bycatch in stationary seines in the near-shore area of the sea are an important addition to the accounting trawl survey data for understanding the structure of the Russian Sturgeon population in the Azov Sea and practically the main source of information on the state of the Sevruga population.
Towards a method for determining the age of chum salmon
Authors: Elnikov A. N. , Zelennikov O. V. 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the work is to perform a quantitative comparative analysis of the structure and size of annual rings of chum salmon scales to prepare a methodological manual for determining age. The research material included scale preparations from 493 chum salmon producers of different ages, on which sclerites were counted and the diameter of annual rings was measured.Methods used: comparative data analysis, descriptive statistics methods.Results: it was found that the size of the scales, the size of each of the annual rings, as well as the number of sclerites in the annual rings of male and female chum salmon within each age group do not differ. The number of sclerites forming each annual ring, as well as the radius of the rings, varies significantly among different individuals. With age, as the length and mass of fish increase, the size of the scales naturally increases. Moreover, an acceleration in the growth rate is observed during the year preceding puberty. As a result, the number of sclerites in the last annual ring, as well as the size of this ring in fish that reach sexual maturity is always greater than in fish of the same age, but remaining in the sea to continue feeding.Practical significance: the presented article is a scientific accompaniment of a methodological manual for the practical determination of the age of chum salmon by scales.
Technology of the fish abundance accounting in fish farming cages using hydroacoustic and software tools
Authors: Kuznetsov M. Yu. , Ubarchuk I. A. , Polyanichko V. I. , Shevtsov V.  I. 
Published: September 2024

The purpose of the work: improvement of methods of fish number accounting in growing cages and reservoirs of fish farms using hydroacoustic tools and information technologies.Methods used: solving the problem of non-contact (non-invasive) measurement of the number of fish in cages using the hydroacoustic echo integration method. Investigation of the reflective properties of fish using a calibrated scientific echo sounder with a split beam. Carrying out measurements with different numbers of fish in cage. Identification and analysis of factors affecting the accuracy of the echo integration estimation of the number of fishes in cage.Novelty: the elements of novelty are the use of a scientific echo sounder with vertically oriented antenna and split beam to estimate the number of fishes in cages, the algorithm for calculating the number of fishes in cages by the echo integration method, the results of the study of reflective properties of Amur carp and identified optimal measurement conditions that allow hydroacoustic estimates of number with maximum accuracy.Results: the dependences of target strength on the linear size of Amur carp are obtained. An algorithmic scheme for calculating the number of fishes in cages by the hydroacoustic echo integration method has been developed. Experiments were carried out with different numbers of fish in the cage. It is established that the main factors affecting the accuracy of the population estimate are the number of individuals in the cage and the daily distribution of fish. Measurements at night and at concentrations above the threshold (50 pcs./m2) can significantly bring the estimated and true numbers of fish in the cage closer and reduce the variability of density estimates.Practical significance: solving the problem of remote measurement of the fish number in growing cages will allow farmers to optimize feed needs, which, in turn, will ensure rapid growth of fish without overfilling it and not polluting the reservoir.
RADIATION DIAGNOSIS OF FIXED SPINAL CORD SYNDROME: A CLINICAL CASE
Authors: Титова Л.А. , Грицай А.А. , Суслова Е.Ю. , Толстых Е.М. , Гончарова А.Ю. , Баранов И.А. 
Published: October 2024

Синдром фиксированного спинного мозга — это комплекс патологической симптоматики, вызванной натяжением спинного мозга вследствие фиксации его каудального отдела. Состояние возникает в результате врожденных пороков развития, либо на протяжении жизни вследствие травм, новообразований. Неврологическая симптоматика заболевания проявляется полиморфными симптомами поражения каудальных отделов спинного мозга и корешков конского хвоста. Электрофизиологическая диагностика так же не специфична, более того нет и корреляции клинических и анатомо-морфологических проявлений заболевания. В практической деятельности существует диссонанс неврологических и морфологических проявлений фиксированного спинного мозга, в связи с чем, многие клиницисты по-разному трактуют сущность патологии «фиксированный спинной мозг». Первые клинические симптомы заболевания могут проявляться рано, однако диагностируется позже, обычно, у детей в школьном и подростковом возрасте, что обусловлено колоритной манифестацией диспропорции в критические фазы роста детей. Все это и приводит к механическому растяжению и смещению каудальных отделов спинного мозга, развитию в нем ишемических нарушений, а в последующем и к разрыву нейрональных мембран. Был рассмотрен клинический случай диагностики проявлений синдром фиксированного спинного мозга с применением методов визуализации: МРТ и КТ
Fixed spinal cord syndrome is a complex of pathological symptoms caused by spinal cord tension due to fixation of its caudal section. The condition occurs as a result of congenital malformations or during life due to injuries, neoplasms. Neurological symptoms of the disease are manifested by polymorphic symptoms of damage to the caudal sections of the spinal cord and the roots of the equine tail. Electrophysiological diagnostics is also not specific, moreover, there is no correlation between clinical and anatomical and morphological manifestations of the disease. In practical activity, there is a dissonance of neurological and morphological manifestations of a fixed spinal cord, in connection with which many clinicians interpret the essence of the pathology "fixed spinal cord" differently. The first clinical symptoms of the disease can appear early, but it is diagnosed later, usually in children of school age and adolescence, which is due to the colorful manifestation of disproportion in critical phases of children's growth. All this leads to mechanical stretching and displacement of the caudal parts of the spinal cord, the development of ischemic disorders in it, and subsequently to the rupture of neuronal membranes. A clinical case of diagnostics of manifestations of the syndrome of a fixed spinal cord using visualization methods was considered: MRI and CT
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF ORGANIZING DENTAL CARE AT MARINE TRANSPORT FACILITIES IN THE ARCTIC
Authors: Аканова А.Н. , Шалаев О.Ю. , Попова О.Б. , Булкадарова А.К. 
Published: October 2024

Круг интересов нашей страны в Арктике довольно широк и разнообразен. Большинство этих интересов реализуется с применением того или иного рода морского транспорта. Это и разведка, и добыча полезных ископаемых, в том числе и шельфовых месторождений, и морская транспортировка всех видов грузов, и рыболовный промысел. Этот район привлекал внимание, прежде всего, научных исследователей. С открытием и освоением крупных месторождений полезных ископаемых в Арктике к ней возросли инвестиционные и коммерческие интересы. Известно также значение этого региона для реализации оборонных интересов арктических государств. Активное освоение Арктических территорий привело к необходимости усовершенствования медицинской помощи экипажам морских судов. В обзоре рассмотрены основные особенности региона, обуславливающие сложности оказания медицинской помощи. Рассмотрены факторы, влияющие на стоматологическое здоровье персонала арктических судов, современные исследования стоматологической заболеваемости, обозначены основные пути совершенствования стоматологической помощи на данном этапе и актуальные, направления развития в дальнейшем. Обоснована необходимость изучения и анализа показателей стоматологического здоровья, разработки на основании полученных данных оптимального комплекса мер по усовершенствованию стоматологической помощи морякам
The range of interests of our country in the Arctic is quite wide and varied. Most of these interests are realized using one kind or another of maritime transport. This includes exploration and extraction of mineral resources, including offshore deposits, sea transportation of all types of cargo, and fishing. This area attracted the attention primarily of scientific researchers. With the discovery and development of large mineral deposits in the Arctic, investment and commercial interests have increased. The importance of this region for the implementation of the defense interests of the Arctic states is also known. Active development of the Arctic territories has led to the need to improve medical care for the crews of sea vessels. The review examines the main features of the region that cause difficulties in providing medical care. Factors influencing the dental health of Arctic ship personnel, modern research on dental morbidity are considered, and the main ways to improve dental care at this stage and current directions for development in the future are outlined. The need to study and analyze dental health indicators and develop, based on the data obtained, an optimal set of measures to improve dental care for seafarers is substantiated
RADIOLOGICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF TYPES OF INJURIES TO THE HEAD OF THE HUMERUS AND THE ARTICULAR LABRUM IN SHOULDER DISLOCATIONS
Authors: Титова Л.А. , Грицай А.А. , Панков К.А. , Суслова Е.Ю. , Толстых Е.М. , Гончарова А.Ю. 
Published: October 2024

В статье приводятся разновидности повреждения головки плечевой кости и суставной губы при вывихах плеча, методы лучевой диагностики с их возможностями для установки диагноза. Рассматриваются случаи из практики с диагностикой повреждений с помощью КТ и МРТ исследований. Проводится оценка возможностей объема убыли костной ткани при исходе переднего вывиха плеча. Был рассмотрен клинический случай диагностики проявлений травматических повреждений головки плечевой кости и суставной губы с применением методов визуализации: МРТ и КТ
The article provides varieties of damage to the head of the humerus and articular surphace with dislocations of the shoulder, methods of radiation diagnostics with their capabilities for establishing a diagnosis. Cases from practice with the diagnosis of damage using CT and MRI studies are considered. The possibility of bone loss volume at the outcome of anterior shoulder dislocation is assessed. A clinical case of diagnosis of manifestations using imaging methods: MRI and CT was considered
ANALYSIS AND IMPROVEMENT OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE PEDIATRIC DEPARTMENT OF THE REGIONAL CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL BASED ON MODELING, FORECASTING AND PLANNING METHODS
Authors: Колычева Д.Ю. , Коровин Е.Н. , Новикова Е.И. 
Published: October 2024

В современном мире одним из главных показателей здоровья населения является заболеваемость. За последние несколько лет наблюдается рост детской заболеваемости, в частности увеличение токсикологических, диагностически неясных, а также инфекционных больных. Для снижения роста показателей заболеваемости таких пациентов проводятся различные мероприятия, такие как повышение квалификации сотрудников, оснащение отделений больницы современным медицинским оборудованием, внедрение новых информационных систем, создание и развитие информационно-коммуникационного пространства, мероприятия кадрового обеспечения системы здравоохранения и многое другое. Но также необходимой задачей является углубленное изучение деятельности отделений областной детской больницы для повышения производительности и эффективности их работы. В данной статье проведен анализ деятельности педиатрического отделения детской больницы: изучена характеристика больницы, а также подробно рассмотрена организационная структура областной детской больницы. Рассчитаны и проанализированы основные статистические показатели педиатрического отделения, построены структурно-функциональные модели деятельности педиатрического отделения, спрогнозирована детская заболеваемость по таким группам заболеваний как: острые кишечные инфекции, гнойно-септические заболевания и воздушно-капельные инфекции. Также на основе метода анализа иерархий выбрана наилучшая программа для повышения эффективности деятельности педиатрического отделения
In the modern world, one of the main indicators of public health is morbidity. Over the past few years, there has been an increase in childhood morbidity, in particular, an increase in toxicological, diagnostically unclear, as well as infectious patients. To reduce the increase in the incidence of such patients, various measures are being carried out, such as staff training, equipping hospital departments with modern medical equipment and the introduction of new information systems. But also a necessary task is an in-depth study of the activities of the departments of the regional children's hospital to increase the productivity and efficiency of their work. This article analyzes the activities of the pediatric department of the children's hospital: the characteristics of the hospital are studied, as well as the organizational structure of the regional children's hospital is considered in detail. The main statistical indicators of the pediatric department were calculated and analyzed, structural and functional models of the activity of the pediatric department were built, the child morbidity was predicted for such groups of diseases as acute intestinal infections, purulent septic diseases and airborne infections. Also, based on the hierarchy analysis method, the best program was selected to improve the effectiveness of the pediatric department
Exploring Sources of Errors in L3 English Production of Natives of Moroccan Arabic
Authors: Oubadi Youssef 
Published: October 2024

Language learners’ writing products can provide insights into how these learners acquire the target language through the analysis of the committed errors. Indeed, research has revealed that error analysis in writing essays is crucial for understanding and improving language acquisition by identifying common errors, and their sources, and informing teaching strategies to address these issues. The current paper aims to identify, describe and analyze errors committed by Moroccan secondary school students in writing. The study also attempts to determine some of the possible causes of the errors to offer an understanding of how linguistic interference influences the foreign language learning process. To this end, a sample of tasks written in English by a group of 20 secondary school students was collected. Then, an analysis procedure was conducted to analyze errors and explain their sources. Hence, this study adopts a mixed-method approach design to generate qualitative as well as quantitative data by identifying error categories and calculating the total number of error types and sources, respectively. The findings show that the errors are committed both at the word as well as the sentential level including lexical, grammatical, substance, and syntactic errors. Besides, the results indicate that learners commit errors in their English writings partly due to interference of Moroccan or Standard Arabic and French, but mostly due to other developmental sources within the scope of the target language. These findings offer valuable insights into how learners acquire a second or foreign language and what obstacles they encounter in the learning process and, thus, could suggest some implications to reduce the errors caused by negative language transfer and improve learners’ language proficiency.