bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bacterial diversity shift determined by different diets in the gut of the spotted wing fly Drosophila suzukii is primarily reflected on acetic acid bacteria
Authors: Vacchini Violetta , Gonella Elena , Crotti Elena , Prosdocimi Erica M. , Mazzetto Fabio , Chouaia Bessem , Callegari Matteo , Mapelli Francesca , Mandrioli Mauro , Alma Alberto , Daffonchio Daniele 
Published: November 2016

SummaryThe pivotal role of diet in shaping gut microbiota has been evaluated in different animal models, including insects. Drosophila flies harbour an inconstant microbiota among which acetic acid bacteria (AAB) are important components. Here, we investigated the bacterial and AAB components of the invasive pest Drosophila suzukii microbiota, by studying the same insect population separately grown on fruit‐based or non‐fruit artificial diet. AAB were highly prevalent in the gut under both diets (90 and 92% infection rates with fruits and artificial diet respectively). Fluorescent in situ hybridization and recolonization experiments with green fluorescent protein (Gfp)‐labelled strains showed AAB capability to massively colonize insect gut. High‐throughput sequencing on 16S rRNA gene indicated that the bacterial microbiota of guts fed with the two diets clustered separately. By excluding AAB‐related OTUs from the analysis, insect bacterial communities did not cluster separately according to the diet, suggesting that diet‐based diversification of the community is primarily reflected on the AAB component of the community. Diet influenced also AAB alpha‐diversity, with separate OTU distributions based on diets. High prevalence, localization and massive recolonization, together with AAB clustering behaviour in relation to diet, suggest an AAB role in the D. suzukii gut response to diet modification.
The relationship between gestational age and the severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome
Authors: Gibson Kelly S. , Stark Sydney , Kumar Deepak , Bailit Jennifer L. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackground and aimsThe relationship between gestational age at delivery and the severity of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) is poorly understood. Our objective was to compare the length of pharmacotherapy and hospital stay among opioid‐exposed infants born during the late pre‐term, early term, full term and late term periods.DesignRetrospective cohort study of infants affected by NAS.SettingMetroHealth Medical Center in Cleveland, OH, USA: an urban tertiary care hospital serving as the referral center for opioid dependency in pregnancy with a level III neonatal intensive care unit.ParticipantsAll deliveries complicated by maternal opioid exposure from January 2000 to October 2014; 403 were eligible to be included [n = 102 late pre‐term, 34–36 weeks (LP), n = 158 early term, 37–38 weeks (ET), n = 122 full term, 39–40 weeks (FT), n = 21 late term, ≥41 weeks (LT)].MeasurementsNAS requiring pharmacotherapy with opioids and hospital stay duration were compared between gestational age cohorts. Interaction by type of maternal medication was evaluated.FindingsThe necessity for pharmacotherapy for NAS was similar in all gestational age groups [LP n = 45/102 (44%), ET n = 65/158 (41%), FT n = 55/122 (45%), LT n = 9/21 (43%); P = 0.92]. However, the median duration of pharmacotherapy for NAS was significantly different between the groups [LP =16.0 median (interquartile range: IQR = 10.0–24.0) days, ET = 22.5 (IQR = 15.0–40.0), FT = 23.0 (IQR = 6.0–38.0), LT = 22.0 (IQR = 6.0–28.0); P = 0.02]. Neonatal intensive care unit admission for NAS (P = 0.07) and total length of stay (P = 0.27), which includes observation for NAS not requiring medication, were not different. There was no significant interaction between gestational age cohorts and maternal medication assisted treatment therapy on the need for or duration of NAS treatment. The results were unchanged when evaluated for potential confounding variables.ConclusionsGestational age (pre‐term, term or late term) at birth appears to be unrelated to the need for pharmacotherapy to treat neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) in late pre‐term and term infants. If treatment is needed it may tend to be given for longer in term than pre‐term or late term infants.
Influence of polymerisation method and type of fibre on fracture strength of endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Tekçe Neslihan , Pala Kansad , Tuncer Safa , Demirci Mustafa , Serim Merve Efe 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate (i) the effect of direct or indirect polymerisation of adhesive‐impregnated ribbon fibre under 4‐mm bulk‐filled composites on fracture strength; (ii) to compare polyethylene ribbon fibre‐reinforcement composites with short fibre‐reinforced composite; and (iii) the effectiveness of polyethylene ribbon fibre according to the restorative materials used (low‐viscous bulk‐fill composite, high‐viscous flowable composite or conventional paste composite). Seventy molars were divided into seven groups; (groups 1–2) Ribbond‐reinforced Surefil‐SDR; (group 3) Ribbond‐reinforced G Aenial Flo; (group 4) Ribbond‐reinforced G Aenial Posterior; (group 5) short fibre‐reinforced composite everX Posterior; (group 6) unfilled cavity; (group 7) intact teeth. Ribbond was adopted to cavity walls by impregnating an adhesive and using a flowable composite. In group 1, adhesive‐impregnated Ribbond was polymerised directly using a light‐curing‐unit, and indirectly in group 2 under 4‐mm bulk‐filled composite. Direct or indirect polymerisation of adhesive impregnated ribbon fibre under 4‐mm bulk‐filled composite did not change the fracture strength results. Polyethylene ribbon fibre‐reinforced groups (groups 1–4) and short fibre‐reinforced composite group (group 5) displayed similar results. Polyethylene ribbon fibre can be used safely under 4‐mm bulk‐filled composites. Ribbond‐reinforced low‐viscous bulk‐fill, high‐viscous flowable, and conventional paste composite exhibited similar fracture strength results.
Green, Yellow, and Red risk perception in everyday life – a communication tool
Authors: Stensgaard A. , DunnGalvin A. , Nielsen D. , Munch M. , Bindslev‐Jensen C. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundAdolescents have the highest risk for food allergy‐related fatalities. Our main aim was to investigate the level of risk in everyday social situations as perceived by adolescents/young adults with peanut allergy, their families, and their friends.MethodsThe web‐based ‘Colours Of Risks’ (COR) questionnaire was completed by 70 patients (aged 12–23 years), 103 mothers and fathers, 31 siblings (aged 12–26 years), and 42 friends (aged 12–24 years). COR deals with six main contexts (home, school/university, work, visiting/social activities, special occasions/parties, and vacations), each with 1‐12 items. Response categories are green (I feel safe), yellow (I feel uncertain), or red (I feel everything is risky).ResultsThere was a high level of agreement between participants in defining situations as safe, uncertain, or risky, but female patients and mothers rated fewer situations as safe compared to male patients and fathers. Being with close friends and family, and attending planned parties without alcohol were perceived as situations of low risk. While 94% of patients took an epinephrine auto‐injector (EAI) into risky situations, only 65% took it into safe situations. In contrast to the close family, 31% of the friends did not know the patient had an EAI, and fewer knew how to administer the EAI.ConclusionYoung adults with peanut allergy face challenges when moving from the safe home with ready assistance if needed, to independence with unpredictable surroundings and less certain help. Perceived ‘safe’ situations may in fact be the riskiest, as patients often do not take the EAI with them.
Costs of perennial allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma increase with severity and poor disease control
Authors: Belhassen M. , Demoly P. , Bloch‐Morot E. , de Pouvourville G. , Ginoux M. , Chartier A. , Laforest L. , Serup‐Hansen N. , Toussi M. , Van Ganse E. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackgroundPerennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) represents a global and public health problem, due to its prevalence, morbidity, and impact on the quality of life. PAR is frequently associated with allergic asthma (AA). Costs of PAR with or without AA are poorly documented.ObjectiveOur study aimed to detail medical resource utilization (MRU) and related direct cost for PAR, with or without concomitant AA, in France.MethodsUsing Electronic Health Records (EHRs), we identified in 2010 two cohorts of PAR patients, based on General Practitioners' diagnoses and prescribing data, with and without concomitant AA. For each patient, the EHRs were linked to corresponding claims data with MRU and costs during years 2011 to 2013. Predefined subgroup analyses were performed according to severity of PAR and level of AA control.ResultsThe median annual cost reimbursed by social security system for a patient with PAR, and no AA was 159€ in 2013. This varied from 111€ to 188€ depending on PAR severity. For patients with PAR and concomitant AA, the median annual cost varied between 266€ and 375€, and drug treatment accounted for 42–55% of the costs, depending on asthma control.ConclusionThis study linking diagnoses from EHRs to claims data collected valid information on PAR management, with or without concomitant AA, and on related costs. There was a clear increase in costs with severity of PAR and control of AA.
Why babies die in unplanned out‐of‐institution births: an enquiry into perinatal deaths in Norway 1999–2013
Authors: Gunnarsson Björn , Fasting Sigurd , Skogvoll Eirik , Smárason Alexander K. , Salvesen Kjell Å. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionThe aims were to describe causes of death associated with unplanned out‐of‐institution births, and to study whether they could be prevented.Material and methodsRetrospective population‐based observational study based on data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and medical records. Between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2013, 69 perinatal deaths among 6027 unplanned out‐of‐institution births, whether unplanned at home, during transportation, or unspecified, were selected for enquiry. Hospital records were investigated and cases classified according to Causes of Death and Associated Conditions.Results63 cases were reviewed. There were 25 (40%) antepartum deaths, 10 (16%) intrapartum deaths, and 24 neonatal (38%) deaths. Four cases were in the unknown death category (6%). Both gestational age and birthweight followed a bimodal distribution with modes at 24 and 38 weeks and 750 and 3400 g, respectively. The most common main cause of death was infection (n = 14, 22%), neonatal (n = 14, 22%, nine due to extreme prematurity) and placental (n = 12, 19%, seven placental abruptions). There were 86 associated conditions, most commonly perinatal (n = 32), placental (n = 15) and maternal (n = 14). Further classification revealed that the largest subgroup was associated perinatal conditions/sub‐optimal care, involving 25 cases (40%), most commonly due to sub‐optimal maternal use of available care (n = 14, 22%).ConclusionsInfections, neonatal, and placental causes accounted for almost two‐thirds of perinatal mortality associated with unplanned out‐of‐institution births in Norway. Sub‐optimal maternal use of available care was found in more than one‐fifth of cases.
Dynamics of occurrence of refractory coeliac disease and associated complications over 25 years
Authors: Eigner W. , Bashir K. , Primas C. , Kazemi‐Shirazi L. , Wrba F. , Trauner M. , Vogelsang H. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryBackgroundRefractory coeliac disease, enteropathy associated T‐cell lymphoma and small bowel adenocarcinoma are rare but prognostically important complications in coeliac disease.AimTo analyse potential changes in occurrence of complicated coeliac disease over the last 25 years.MethodsOne thousand one hundred and thirty eight patients were included and evaluated based on their time of first presentation at the Medical University of Vienna, Austria. Occurrences of refractory coeliac disease and associated malignancies were evaluated for 5‐year intervals from January 1990 until December 2014 and were compared over time.Results2.6% (n = 29) were diagnosed with refractory coeliac disease (females 65.6%, mean age at diagnosis 62.8 years). The proportion of those patients was 2.6%, 3.1%, 3.3%, 2.7% and 0.5% for the 5 year intervals from 1990 onwards. Thus, the number of refractory cases has been decreasing since 2000 (P = 0.024). The number of patients presenting with lymphoma (n = 7) was 0.6%, 0.4%, 1.1%, 0.8% and 0% from 1990 to 2014. Similarly the number of patients with adenocarcinoma (n = 4) decreased to 0% until 2014. Overall mortality in patients suffering from refractory disease was 48%. Of all patients diagnosed with lymphoma 71.4% died with a 5‐year survival rate of 28.6%.ConclusionsOver the past 15 years the occurrence of complicated coeliac disease has been decreasing. This possibly reflects a higher awareness of coeliac disease and optimised diagnosis and treatment with avoidance of long‐term immunological disease activity. Symptomatic disease and a delay in diagnosis are risk factors for refractory coeliac disease and related cancer.
Drivers of species richness and compositional change in Scottish coastal vegetation
Authors: Pakeman Robin J. , Hewison Richard L. , Lewis Rob J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractQuestionWhat are the main drivers of vegetation change within coastal dune and machair habitats and are these amenable to action to protect biodiversity at a local and national scale?LocationCoastal areas of Scotland.MethodsA national‐scale, quadrat‐based re‐visitation survey was used to assess where changes were occurring in terms of species richness and composition. Regression trees and linear mixed modelling were used to identify the main drivers of change between 1976 and 2010.ResultsThere were losses of habitat to erosion (4.7% of previously visited quadrats) and development (2.3%). Species richness changes were largely positive where sand dune and machair habitats remain part of an agricultural management system in the Inner and southern part of the Outer Hebrides. Richness losses were driven by acidic deposition and reduced grazing. Compositional changes were less related to agricultural changes, climate change and pollutant deposition than species richness changes.ConclusionsReintroduction of grazing to coastal areas appears to be a policy that would have positive effects on biodiversity, as would continued efforts to reduce atmospheric deposition and coastal planning that allowed for realignment as sediment supply decreases and sea level rise continues.
Usefulness of Transthoracic Echocardiography Parameters and Brain Natriuretic Peptide as Mortality Predictors in Hospitalized Acutely Poisoned Patients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Lionte Catalina , Sorodoc Victorita , Bologa Cristina , Tuchilus Cristina , Jaba Elisabeta 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAcute poisonings represent a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The prognostic utility of the transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) parameters combined with brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in acute poisoning with different xenobiotics, upon admission in the hospital, was not evaluated. This prospective observational cohort study included 229 acutely poisoned non‐diabetic adults, with a median age of 44 years (range 18–90 years), 50.7% women, with an in‐hospital mortality rate of 8.7%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, the left ventricle kinetic abnormalities, the E‐wave deceleration time (EDT) and BNP correlated significantly with mortality in acutely poisoned patients. Multivariate logistic regression showed that only EDT [odds ratio (OR) 3.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54–7.69, p 0.003], BNP (OR 1.61, 95% CI: 1.02–2.55, p 0.04) and age (OR 2.66, 95% CI: 1.23–5.76, p 0.013) are predictive for mortality. The receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) analysis proved EDT [area under the ROC curve (AUC), 0.85; CI: 0.76–0.94; p 0.001], BNP (AUC, 0.83; CI: 0.75–0.91; p 0.001) and age (AUC, 0.82; CI: 0.74–0.90; p 0.001) as indicators for fatalities. In hospitalized patients acutely intoxicated with undifferentiated poisons, EDT as a parameter of left ventricle diastolic function and BNP are useful to early predict mortality.
Meditation awareness training for the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Van Gordon William , Shonin Edo , Dunn Thomas J. , Garcia‐Campayo Javier , Griffiths Mark D. 
Published: November 2016

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to conduct the first randomized controlled trial (RCT) to evaluate the effectiveness of a second‐generation mindfulness‐based intervention (SG‐MBI) for treating fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Compared to first‐generation mindfulness‐based interventions,SG‐MBIs are more acknowledging of the spiritual aspect of mindfulness.DesignA RCT employing intent‐to‐treat analysis.MethodsAdults withFMSreceived an 8‐weekSG‐MBIknown as meditation awareness training (MAT;n = 74) or an active control intervention known as cognitive behaviour theory for groups (n = 74). Assessments were performed at pre‐, post‐, and 6‐month follow‐up phases.ResultsMeditation awareness training participants demonstrated significant and sustained improvements over control group participants inFMSsymptomatology, pain perception, sleep quality, psychological distress, non‐attachment (to self, symptoms, and environment), and civic engagement. A mediation analysis found that (1) civic engagement partially mediated treatment effects for all outcome variables, (2) non‐attachment partially mediated treatment effects for psychological distress and sleep quality, and (3) non‐attachment almost fully mediated treatment effects forFMSsymptomatology and pain perception. Average daily time spent in meditation was found to be a significant predictor of changes in all outcome variables.ConclusionsMeditation awareness training may be a suitable treatment for adults withFMSand appears to ameliorateFMSsymptomatology and pain perception by reducing attachment to self.Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject?Designing interventions to treat fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) continues to be a challenge.There is growing interest into the applications of mindfulness‐based interventions for treatingFMS.Second‐generation mindfulness‐based interventions (SG‐MBIs) are a key new direction in mindfulness research.What does this study add?Meditation awareness training – anSG‐MBI– resulted in significant reductions inFMSsymptomatology.SG‐MBIs recognize the spiritual aspect of mindfulness and may have a role in the treatment ofFMS.
Clemizole hydrochloride blocks cardiac potassium currents stably expressed in HEK 293 cells
Authors: Jie Ling‐Jun , Wu Wei‐Yin , Li Gang , Xiao Guo‐Sheng , Zhang Shetuan , Li Gui‐Rong , Wang Yan 
Published: November 2016

Background and PurposeClemizole, a histamine H1 receptor antagonist has a potential therapeutic effect on hepatitis C infection and also potently inhibits TRPC5 ion channels. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether clemizole blocks cardiac K+ currents and thus affects cardiac repolarization.Experimental ApproachWhole‐cell patch techniques was used to examine the effects of clemizole on hERG channel current, IKs and Kv1.5 channel current in HEK 293 cell expression systems as well as on ventricular action potentials of guinea pig hearts. Isolated hearts from guinea pigs were used to determine the effect on the ECG.Key ResultsClemizole decreased hERG current by blocking both open and closed states of the channel in a concentration‐dependent manner (IC50: 0.07 μM). The S631A, S636A, Y652A and F656V hERG mutant channels reduced the inhibitory effect of clemizole (IC50: 0.82, 0.89, 1.49 and 2.98 μM, respectively), suggesting that clemizole is a pore blocker of hERG channels. Clemizole also moderately decreased IKs and human Kv1.5 channel current. Moreover, clemizole increased the duration of the ventricular action potential in guinea pig hearts and the QTc interval in isolated perfused hearts from guinea pigs, in a concentration‐dependent manner (0.1–1.0 μM).Conclusion and ImplicationsOur results provide the first evidence that clemizole potently blocks hERG channels, moderately inhibits cardiac IKs, delays cardiac repolarization and thereby prolongs QT interval. Thus, caution should be taken when clemizole is used as a TRPC5 channel blocker or for treating hepatitis C infection.
Magnetostratigraphy, age and depositional environment of the Lobo Formation, southwest New Mexico: implications for the Laramide orogeny in the southern Rocky Mountains
Authors: De los Santos Marie G. , Lawton Timothy F. , Copeland Peter , Licht Alexis , Hall Stuart A. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe Lobo Formation of southwestern New Mexico consists of spatially variable continental successions attributed to the Laramide orogeny (80–40 Myr), although its age and provenance are virtually undocumented. This study combines sedimentological, magnetostratigraphical and geochronological data to infer the timing and origin of the Lobo Formation. Measured sections of Lobo strata at two locations, Capitol Dome in the Florida Mountains and in the Victorio Mountains, indicate significant differences in depositional environments and sediment provenance. At Capitol Dome, where Lobo strata were deposited above a syncline developed in Palaeozoic strata, deposition took place in fluvial, palustrine and marginal lacustrine settings, with alluvial‐fan deposits only at the top of the formation. Combined magnetostratigraphy and a young U–Pb detrital zircon age suggest deposition of the section at Capitol Dome from ~60 to 52 Ma. The Lobo Formation in the Victorio Mountains was deposited in alluvial‐fan and fluvial settings; the age of deposition is poorly bracketed between 66 ± 2 Ma, the weighted‐mean age of two young zircons, and middle Eocene (~40 Ma), the approximate age of overlying volcanic rocks. U–Pb zircon ages from sandstones at the Victorio and Capitol Dome localities indicate that different source rocks provided sediment to the Lobo Formation. Local Proterozoic basement (~1.47–1.45 Ga) dominated the source of the Lobo Formation in the Victorio Mountains, consistent with abundant granitic clasts that are present in the proximal facies there; a diverse range of grain ages suggest that recycled Lower Cretaceous strata provided the dominant source for Lobo Formation sediment at the Capitol Dome locality. The U–Pb data suggest that the depositional systems at the two sites were not connected. Contrasts in depositional setting and detrital zircon provenance indicate that the Palaeogene Lobo Formation in southwest New Mexico was deposited in an assemblage of local depositional settings, possibly in separate structural basins, as a consequence of Laramide tectonics in the region.
Emotional kinship care and neutral non‐kinship care — the struggle between discourses
Authors: Ponnert Lina 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIn this paper, social workers' ideas of kinship care and non‐kinship care as foster placement alternatives for vulnerable children are analysed and discussed. The study is based on group interviews with Swedish social workers, using a discourse analytic approach. The interviews took two vignettes of children who needed an immediate and long‐term placement because one of the parents had killed the other parent, as their point of departure. Domestic violence is a common social problem across countries, and controversies about placement alternatives become even more apparent when discussing lethal violence. The analysis revealed three main discourses: ‘emotional kinship care’, ‘neutral non‐kinship care’ and ‘a real family’. The emotional kinship care discourse also revealed two competing sub‐discourses: ‘emotions as glue that binds’ and ‘emotions as obscuring a child perspective’, displaying a struggle concerning the advantages and risks that social workers connected to kinship care. In this paper, the results and their implications for vulnerable children are discussed.