bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The results of Bankart repair without capsular plication in patients with recurrent traumatic anterior shoulder dislocation
Authors: Kalkar İsmail , Esenyel Cem Zeki , Saygılı Mehmet Selçuk , Esenyel Ayşın , Gürbüz Hakan 
Published: February 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of patients with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation, who had been treated with repair of the Bankart lesion without capsuler plication. Material and method: The study included 22 shoulders of 22 patients (16 males and 6 females) with a mean age of 28 years, who underwent Bankart repair between 2011 and 2014. Patients with bilateral shoulder instability, multiple instability, >25% glenoid bone loss, and those with a history of shoulder surgery were not included in the study. The average follow-up time was 21.2 months. Evaluation was made of the preoperative number of dislocations, postoperative recurrence, functional status, and daily activity performance of the patients. Shoulder range of motion was measured. The results were evaluated using the Rowe shoulder score and the Oxford shoulder instability score. Results: Recurrence was observed in only one patient who had a shoulder dislocation after trauma, thus giving a recurrence rate of 4.5%. Shoulder range of motion was full in all except that one patient. The mean Rowe shoulder score was 95.5 (excellent) and Oxford shoulder stability score was 44.6 (excellent). Conclusion: No recurrent shoulder dislocation was observed in patients who underwent Bankart repair surgery. Plication was not performed with the Bankart repair. Close to full range of motion was obtained in all patients. In conclusion, Bankart repair alone can be considered to be sufficient for the treatment of traumatic recurrent anterior shoulder instability.
The relationship between radiological alignment of united distal radius fractures and functional and patient-perceived outcomes in elderly patients
Authors: Hohmann Erik , Meta Mahendrakumar , Navalgund Vasudev , Tetsworth Kevin 
Published: February 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between radiological alignment and functional outcomes including strength, range of motion (ROM), and disabilities of the arm, shoulder, and hand (DASH) and patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) scores in elderly patients with united distal radius fractures. Methods: We reviewed 118 patients (mean age of 76.2 ± 9.5 years, mean follow-up 36.3 ± 17.6 months). Outcome measures included the DASH and PRWE scores, ROM, and grip and pinch strength were measured using a validated mobile hand-held dynamometer. Radial height, radial inclination, ulnar variance, and palmar tilt were measured on standard radiographs. Results: The mean total score for DASH was 4.9 ± 7.4 and 6.9 ± 11 for the PRWE. There were significant differences in ROM for palmar flexion and ulnar deviation between the affected wrist and the normal wrist. Linear regression revealed significant relationships for the following variables: between DASH and radiological palmar tilt, between PRWE and radiological palmar tilt, between grip strength and radial inclination, between grip strength and radial height, and between grip strength and ulnar variance. Conclusion: This study suggests that minor deformities of the distal radius following distal radius fractures treated with either operative or nonoperative treatment are unlikely to be clinically relevant and have no impact on patient perceived outcomes for elderly patients.
Competition and Credit Ratings After the Fall
Authors: Flynn Sean , Ghent Andra 
Published: February 2017

We analyze the entry of new credit rating agencies into structured finance products. Our setting is unique as we study a period in which the incumbents’ reputation was extremely poor and the benefit of more fee income from inflating ratings was low. We find entrants issue higher ratings than incumbents, particularly for interest-only tranches. Using measures of market share that are exogenous to incumbent ratings, we provide suggestive evidence that incumbent rating levels become more generous as entrant market share in a product type increases. We also exploit a feature of structured finance that identifies rating shopping and find that incumbent ratings increase in shopping. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2604 . This paper was accepted by Gustavo Manso, finance.
Price Search and Periodic Price Discounts
Authors: Zhang Xing , Chan Tat Y. , Xie Ying 
Published: February 2017

This paper empirically investigates the interplay between buyer search behavior and firm pricing strategy in a commodity market where many firms compete in price to sell homogeneous products. We use the heterogeneity in buyer search cost to rationalize why a firm offers periodic price discounts and enjoys a high profit in such a market. An estimation method is proposed to recover the nonparametric distribution of buyer search cost from the price and transaction volume data. With both data, we show that the search cost distribution can be estimated nonparametrically in a sequential search model, and estimation results from a nonsequential search model are robust to the assumption on the maximum number of searches. We also show that the commonly observed high-low pricing strategy can be an optimal strategy for firms when buyers search for price information sequentially. As an empirical application, we use the proposed method to estimate the two search models using data on a commodity product sold by a firm in a business-to-business market. The models predict a high profit margin for the firm, which is consistent with the data, but the sequential search model fits with the observed price distributions and supply costs better than the nonsequential search model. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2016.2641 . This paper was accepted by Matthew Shum, marketing.
Paediatric pelvic fractures: How do they differ from adults?
Authors: Hermans E. , Cornelisse S. T. , Biert J. , Tan E. C. T. H. , Edwards M. J. R. 
Published: February 2017

Background The aim of this article was to review the incidence, presentation, treatment and complications of paediatric pelvic fractures of children who were admitted to our level 1 trauma centre and to compare them with our data from adult pelvic fracture patients. Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review of all children with pelvic fractures who were managed at our institution between January 1993 and December 2013 and compared the data with our database on pelvic fractures in adults during the period 2007 to 2012. Results We identified 51 children and 268 adults with pelvic fractures. The median age of the paediatric patients was 11 years. Children were significantly more involved in traffic accidents than adults (p < 0.001). Adults had a significantly higher Injury Severity Score (ISS) (31 vs 24.5; p < 0.03) and were significantly more often haemodynamically unstable (p < 0.01). Adults had a type C fracture more often, while children had a type B fracture (p < 0.001). Associated injuries were seen in both groups; however, thoracic injuries were significantly higher in adults (p < 0.01) and injuries to the extremities were higher in children (p < 0.01). Adults were significantly more often treated with open reduction and internal fixation (p < 0.001). Mortality in both groups, however, did not differ (6% vs 8%). Conclusion Paediatric pelvic fractures are rare. They differ from adult pelvic fractures in presentation, associated injuries and management. Mortality, however, is substantial and does not differ from the adult population. Mortality is often due to concomitant injuries and not to exsanguination from the pelvic fracture.
Syndesmosis injuries in the pediatric and adolescent athlete: An analysis of risk factors related to operative intervention
Authors: Kramer D. E. , Cleary M. X. , Miller P. E. , Yen Y-M. , Shore B. J. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To review all paediatric ankle syndesmotic injuries occurring at our institution and identify risk factors associated with operative intervention. Methods Among 22 873 evaluations for ankle trauma, we found 220 children suffering from syndesmotic injuries (incidence: 0.96%). We recorded demographic data, details of the injury, features on examination and treatment variables. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression modelling was performed to identify risk factors associated with operative intervention. Results The mean age at injury was 15.8 years (8.9 to 19.0) with a median follow-up of 13 weeks (IQR 5 to 30 weeks). A sports-related injury was most common (168/220, 76%). A total of 82 of 220 (37%) patients underwent operative fixation, of which 76 (93%) had an associated fibular fracture. Patients undergoing surgery had a higher incidence of swelling and inability to weight bear (p < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were recorded in tibiofibular (TF) clear space, TF overlap and medial clear space (MCS) between the operative and non-operative cohorts (6.0 vs 4.6 mm (p = 0.002), 5.4 vs 6.9 mm (p = 0.004) and 6.4 vs 3.5 mm (p < 0.001)). Multivariable analysis revealed patients with a fracture of the ankle had 44 times the odds of surgical intervention, patients with a closed physis had over five times the odds of surgical intervention and patients with a medial clear space greater than 5 mm had nearly eight times the odds of requiring surgical intervention. Conclusions Operative ankle syndesmotic injuries in the paediatric population are often associated with a closed distal tibial physis and concomitant fibular fracture.
Synthesis and evaluation of novel mutual prodrugs of Piroxicam
Authors: Redasani Vivekkumar K , Bhalerao Omkar C. , Kalaskar Mohan G. , Surana Sanjay J. 
Published: February 2017

Therapeutic efficacy of piroxicam can be improved by retarding gastrointestinal side effects by means of temporarily modification of enolic hydroxyl group chemically. The NSAIDs such as aceclofenac, ibuprofen, mefenamic acid and naproxen were selected as promoities with the aim of getting synergistic effect through these well known pharmaco-counter parts. The targeted prodrugs are synthesized successfully and confirmed by characterization. Synthesis involved chlorination of NSAIDs and coupling of this acid chloride with piroxicam through enolic hydroxyl group to get ester derivatives. Mutual prodrugs were evaluated by hydrolysis study at different pH (acidic, neutral, alkaline) using phosphate buffer. Prodrug derivatives were found to be stable at acidic and neutral pH but prone to hydrolysis at alkaline pH. Thus the objective of the presented study was to overcome the undesirable side effects of NSAIDs. Thus, current studies confirms that the mutual prodrug approach can be appliedÂ effectively in order toÂ achieve the purpose of raising effectiveness of piroxicam under two lines; firstly, masking of enolic hydroxyl group through acids and converting them to esters and secondly, utilizing the known NSAIDs for achieving the synergistic effect.
Bile acids potentiate proton‐activated currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes expressing human acid‐sensing ion channel (ASIC1a)
Authors: Ilyaskin Alexandr V. , Diakov Alexei , Korbmacher Christoph , Haerteis Silke 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAcid‐sensing ion channels (ASICs) are nonvoltage‐gated sodium channels transiently activated by extracellular protons and belong to the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC)/Degenerin (DEG) family of ion channels. Bile acids have been shown to activate two members of this family, the bile acid‐sensitive ion channel (BASIC) and ENaC. To investigate whether bile acids also modulate ASIC function, human ASIC1a was heterologously expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes. Exposing oocytes to tauro‐conjugated cholic (t‐CA), deoxycholic (t‐DCA), and chenodeoxycholic (t‐CDCA) acid at pH 7.4 did not activate ASIC1a‐mediated whole‐cell currents. However, in ASIC1a expressing oocytes the whole‐cell currents elicited by pH 5.5 were significantly increased in the presence of these bile acids. Single‐channel recordings in outside‐out patches confirmed that t‐DCA enhanced the stimulatory effect of pH 5.5 on ASIC1a channel activity. Interestingly, t‐DCA reduced single‐channel current amplitude by ~15% which suggests an interaction of t‐DCA with a region close to the channel pore. Molecular docking predicted binding of bile acids to the pore region near the degenerin site (G433) in the open conformation of the channel. Site‐directed mutagenesis demonstrated that the amino acid residue G433 is critically involved in the potentiating effect of bile acids on ASIC1a activation by protons.
Der Pragmatismus zwischen Naturalismus und Experientalismus
Authors: Henning Christoph 
Published: February 2017

AbstractComparing Hans Joas’s book (Die Sakralität der Person, Berlin 2011) with its critique by Anton Leist (“Kann personale Heiligkeit Menschenrechte fördern?”, in this journal), I differentiate different fields of combat. The mainstream of Leist’s criticism is, I think, misdirected. Leist accuses Joas of ‘Christianising’ human rights, which alleges a binary logic (either religious or secular justifications of human rights) that does not do justice to Joas’s approach. For Joas, human rights are something in their own right which emerged from secular and religious discourse and hence cannot be reduced to either of them. I criticize Leist’s effort to draft a new justification of human rights in terms of interests and the counter-intuitive and revisionary consequences of this. Here, Joas’s ‘experientalism’ is to be preferred, because it remains loyal to human rights (that is the point of “affirmative genealogy”). I agree with Leist’s claim, however, that Joas could have made a much stronger case for the secular version of his argument, perhaps by using other authors. As it stands now, Joas’s book can be (mis)read as an effort to re-Christianise human rights. (This would no longer be affirmative, but revisionary as well.) The idea of an „affirmative genealogy“ is an ingenious methodological innovation that allows the combination of normative philosophy with sociological contextualisation (this latter usually has a rather destructive effect on ‘meaning‘). Yet the question remains whether a contextualisation of peoples experiences and emotions, which leads them to believing in certain norms, can also be read as a philosophical justification of these norms.
Double Sequences and Iterated Limits in Regular Space
Authors: Coghetto Roland 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
First, we define in Mizar [5], the Cartesian product of two filters bases and the Cartesian product of two filters. After comparing the product of two Fréchet filters on ℕ (F1) with the Fréchet filter on ℕ × ℕ (F2), we compare limF₁ and limF₂ for all double sequences in a non empty topological space.
Endou, Okazaki and Shidama formalized in [14] the “convergence in Pringsheim’s sense” for double sequence of real numbers. We show some basic correspondences between the p-convergence and the filter convergence in a topological space. Then we formalize that the double sequence converges in “Pringsheim’s sense” but not in Frechet filter on ℕ × ℕ sense.
In the next section, we generalize some definitions: “is convergent in the first coordinate”, “is convergent in the second coordinate”, “the lim in the first coordinate of”, “the lim in the second coordinate of” according to [14], in Hausdorff space.
Finally, we generalize two theorems: (3) and (4) from [14] in the case of double sequences and we formalize the “iterated limit” theorem (“Double limit” [7], p. 81, par. 8.5 “Double limite” [6] (TG I,57)), all in regular space. We were inspired by the exercises (2.11.4), (2.17.5) [17] and the corrections B.10 [18].
Redescription and phylogenetic analyses of Thaparocleidus gomtius and T. sudhakari (Monogenea: Dactylogyridae) from Wallago attu (Siluriformes: Siluridae) in India
Authors: Verma C. , Chaudhary A. , Singh H. S. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
Two species of Thaparocleidus Jain (1952a) were found harboring W. attu from the Ganga River at two localities, Meerut and Farrukhabad, Uttar Pradesh, India, during the period of 2013-2015. Morphology and morphometric study of specimens identified as Thaparocleidus gomtius (Jain, 1952a) Lim, 1996 and T. sudhakari (Gusev, 1976) Lim, 1996. Molecular analyses using the 18S rRNA gene confirmed the validity of T. gomtius and T. sudhakari and demonstrated that both the species clustered with other Thaparocleidus species from different geographical regions. We aim at reassessing the taxonomy and establishing the phylogenetic relationships among these two redescribed species with other representatives of the genus Thaparocleidus.
Procamallanus spiculogubernaculus Agarwal, 1958 (Nematoda: Camallanidae) from Stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis in India: morphological characterization and molecular data
Authors: Chaudhary A. , Verma C. , Tomar V. , Singh H. S. 
Published: February 2017

Summary
The nematode, Procamallanus spiculogubernaculus Agarwal, 1958 was found from the Stinging catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch, 1794) from Ghazipur, Delhi, India. Morphological characterization, including scanning electron microscope observation supplemented with DNA sequences is provided. Specimens recently found are characterized by the presence of an unlined buccal capsule having a small basal ring, esophagus muscular and glandular, vulva position is slightly post-equatorial, tail conical, long, and ending in three digit-like processes, phasmids present at about mid-length and cloaca located at the posterior end. In this study the species P. spiculogubernaculus is validated on the basis of molecular data after 47 years from its original description. In the scanning electron microscope examination, the topology of mouth and sensory pits in anterior portion, while the phasmids and digit like processes in posterior portion is clearly observed. Molecular data of the 18S ribosomal RNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene were analyzed. Molecular phylogenetic analyses supported the validity of Procamallanus spiculogubernaculus and confirmed the paraphyletic status of the members of Procamallanus, Spirocamallanus, Camallanus and Paracamallanus. Taxonomic status of members of the family Camallanidae are briefly discussed along with the results of the systematic evaluation of P. spiculogubernaculus based on molecular data.
Aging of a Low Carbon Heat Resistant Cast Alloy
Authors: Sustaita-Torres Ireri A. , Haro-Rodríguez Sergio , Colás Rafael 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The changes in microstructure that take place during aging a low carbon heat resistant alloy at 750°C for a period of time of up to 1,000 h were studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and mechanical testing. The microstructure of the as-cast alloy consisted of an austenitic matrix and a network of Nb- and Cr-rich primary carbides that were identified by their tonality when viewed in backscattered mode in a scanning electron microscopy. Aging promotes precipitation of secondary carbides and the transformation of the Nb-rich particles. The mechanical properties are affected by the occurrence of the different phenomena.
Price Responsive Demand Management of an Industrial Buyer in Day-ahead Electricity Market
Authors: Jain Arvind Kumar , Srivastava S. C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAn industrial buyer, who can reschedule its production plan, may develop strategic bid by shifting its demand from high price period to low price period. Based on this concept, a new optimization formulation has been proposed to develop bidding strategy of such buyers considering Price Responsive Demand Shifting (PRDS). Since the bidding strategy of the buyer depends upon the market clearing price, which is volatile/uncertain due to various factors like gaming behavior of participants, demand forecasting error, transmission congestion etc, the proposed optimization problem is formulated as a stochastic linear problem, comprising of two sub-problems. The first sub-problem represents the market clearing process by the System Operator, which is formulated to maximize the social welfare of the market participants, while the second sub-problem aims at maximizing the purchase cost saving of the industrial buyer. The optimal bidding strategy has been obtained by solving these two sub-problems considering hourly market clearing for 24-hour scheduling period. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been tested on a 5-bus system and modified IEEE 30-bus system. Results obtained with the demand shifting based bidding strategy have been compared with those obtained with a Conventional Price Quantity (CPQ) bid strategy. It has been observed that the proposed approach leads to enhancement in the purchase cost saving as compared to the CPQ and meets the energy consumption targets of the industrial buyer.
On Thompson’s conjecture for alternating groups of large degree
Authors: Gorshkov Ilya B. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
For a finite group G, let

N
⁢

(
G
)

{N(G)}

denote the set of conjugacy
class sizes of G. We show that if G is a finite group with trivial
center such that

N
⁢

(
G
)

=

N
⁢

(

Alt
n

)

{N(G)=N(\mathrm{Alt}_{n})}

, where

n
>
1361

{n>1361}

and
n or

n
-
1

{n-1}

is a sum of two primes, then

G
≃

Alt
n

{G\simeq\mathrm{Alt}_{n}}

.
Serum cholesterol acceptor capacity in intrauterine growth restricted fetuses
Authors: Pecks Ulrich , Rath Werner , Bauerschlag Dirk O. , Maass Nicolai , Orlikowsky Thorsten , Mohaupt Markus G. , Escher Geneviève 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Aim:
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is an independent risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases later in life. The mechanisms whereby slowed intrauterine growth confers vascular risk are not clearly established. In general, a disturbed cholesterol efflux has been linked to atherosclerosis. The capacity of serum to accept cholesterol has been repeatedly evaluated in clinical studies by the use of macrophage-based cholesterol efflux assays and, if disturbed, precedes atherosclerotic diseases years before the clinical diagnosis. We now hypothesized that circulating cholesterol acceptors in IUGR sera specifically interfere with cholesterol transport mechanisms leading to diminished cholesterol efflux.

Methods:
RAW264.7 cells were used to determine efflux of [3H]-cholesterol in response to [umbilical cord serum (IUGR), n=20; controls (CTRL), n=20].

Results:
Cholesterol efflux was lower in IUGR as compared to controls [controls: mean 7.7% fractional [3H]-cholesterol efflux, standard deviation (SD)=0.98; IUGR: mean 6.3%, SD=0.79; P<0.0001]. Values strongly correlated to HDL (ρ=0.655, P<0.0001) and apoE (ρ=0.510, P=0.0008), and mildly to apoA1 (ρ=0.3926, P=0.0122) concentrations.

Conclusions:
Reduced cholesterol efflux in IUGR could account for the enhanced risk of developing cardiovascular diseases later in life.
The market for English Premier League (EPL) odds
Authors: Feng Guanhao , Polson Nicholas , Xu Jianeng 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper employs a Skellam process to represent real-time betting odds for English Premier League (EPL) soccer games. Given a matrix of market odds on all possible score outcomes, we estimate the expected scoring rates for each team. The expected scoring rates then define the implied volatility of an EPL game. As events in the game evolve, we re-estimate the expected scoring rates and our implied volatility measure to provide a dynamic representation of the market’s expectation of the game outcome. Using a dataset of 1520 EPL games from 2012–2016, we show how our model calibrates well to the game outcome. We illustrate our methodology on real-time market odds data for a game between Everton and West Ham in the 2015–2016 season. We show how the implied volatility for the outcome evolves as goals, red cards, and corner kicks occur. Finally, we conclude with directions for future research.