bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The prognostic value of combined CBC and immune cell profiles in patients with multiple myeloma treated with PAD sequential transplantation
Authors: Zhang Jiang , Chen Yao , Chen Yaoming , Hong Mengzhi , Chen Peisong , Li Junxun , Ouyang Juan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective: Our study aimed to analyze the measurable residual disease (MRD), complete blood count (CBC), and immune cell profiles in multiple myeloma (MM) patients treated with bortezomib /adriamycin /dexamethasone (PAD) chemotherapy sequential autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) to determine their prognostic value and their interaction.
Methods: CBC data from 93 MM patients were collected at diagnosis, before ASCT, and 3 months after ASCT. Immune cell profiles were detected by flow cytometry in fresh peripheral blood (PB) samples from 33 out of the 93 enrolled patients before ASCT and 3 months after ASCT. We then studied the relationship between MRD status and prognosis, the predictive value of CBC, and the changes in immune cell profiles before and after ASCT in multiple myeloma patients and their association with prognosis.
Results: Early MRD-negative patients after ASCT had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) (median PFS was 36 months and 25 months, respectively, P < 0.05) and overall survival (OS) (median OS was 39 months and 33 months, respectively, P < 0.05) than MRD-positive patients. Three independent prognostic factors, neutrophil count (NEU), platelet count (PLT), and lymphocyte monocyte ratio (LMR) at diagnosis, were identified in our study group by LASSO regression. For the immune cell profiles, before ASCT, the negative immunomodulatory cell subsets (CD4/CD8 double-negative T cells (DNTs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD16+ CD56high NK cells), PD1+ CD4+ central memory T cells (PD1+T4CM), HLA-DR+ CD8+T cells were lower in MRD-negative or disease control patients than in MRD-positive or progressive disease patients (P < 0.05). Otherwise, naive CD8+ T Cells (T8N) and CD28+ CD27+ naive CD8+T Cells (CD28+ CD27+ T8N) were higher in MRD-negative or disease control patients than in MRD-positive or progressive disease patients (P < 0.05). After ASCT, the levels of lymphocytes, marginal zone B cells, γδ T cells, and the ratio of (naive T cells plus central memory T cells to effector memory T cells plus effector T cells) were higher in disease control patients than in patients with progressive disease (P < 0.05).
Conclusion: CBC, MRD, and immune cell profile detection before and after ASCT have significant prognostic value in MM patients. Lower levels of NEU or PLT, higher levels of LMR at diagnosis, and a higher number of negative immunomodulatory cell subsets and activated T lymphocytes before ASCT were associated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, lower levels of depleted T lymphocytes, and higher levels of functional T cells and marginal zone B cells after ASCT predicted a good prognosis.
Real-time GNSS multi-system multi-frequency kinematic baseline solution method and accuracy analysis
Authors: Liu Weiping , Jiao Bo , Lv Zhiwei , Liu Zhiheng , Xie Jiantao , Liu Jing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

To address the need for real-time solutions when handling kinematic baselines using multi-system and multi-frequency data, where both the rover and reference stations are in motion, we propose a novel non-combined double-difference approach based on extended Kalman filtering. By employing single-difference ambiguity conversion, this approach achieves ambiguity resolution and avoids the frequent alteration of reference satellites in kinematic baselines. Analysis of actual measurement data demonstrates that within a 20 km baseline length range, this algorithm achieves real-time horizontal and vertical baseline accuracies of approximately 1 cm and 2 cm, respectively. The success rate of ambiguity resolution nears 100%, surpassing conventional ionospheric-free double-difference models. Furthermore, as more systems and frequencies are introduced, this proposed method consistently provides superior real-time solutions for kinematic baselines. The practical effectiveness of this approach is further validated through real-flight experiments involving two unmanned aerial vehicles.
Integrating clinical and genomic landscape analysis of perineural invasion identify ACTA1 as an oncogene for oral squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Chen Sheng , Zhao Tongchao , Song Yuxian , Huang Xiaofeng , Ni Yanhong , Ding Liang , Fu Yong , Hu Qingang , Wang Yi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Perineural invasion (PNI) has been shown to be a key pathological feature of serval types of cancer, including oral squamous epithelial carcinoma (OSCC). However, the overall clinical and genomic landscape of PNI + OSCC are still unclear, and the molecular mechanism of PNI remains to be further investigated.
Methods:
279 OSCC samples were extracted from the TCGA database and grouped according to PNI. The clinicopathological information, prognostic and survival analyses were performed. The Cibersort algorithm and ESTIMATE algorithm was used to estimate the impacts on proportion of immune cells, immune score and stromal score by PNI. Immunotherapy prediction analysis was also performed. 167 differentially expressed genes were screened for functional enrichment analysis. Actin α1 (ACTA1) protein, which was significantly up-regulated in the PNI + group, was selected for validation in our OSCC patient’s cohort (n = 70). We next analyzed the ratio and absolute number of key immunocytes in peripheral blood of OSCC patients according to ACTA1 expression by flow cytometry.
Results:
PNI was more likely to occur in patients with advanced tumors and worse prognosis. Immunomodulation analyses showed that T cells follicular helper and cells were significantly lower, but M2 macrophages and total stromal score was significantly higher in PNI + OSCC. Immunotherapy prediction analyses showed that PNI + OSCC may be more sensitive to CTLA4 inhibitor treatment. 167 differentially expressed genes were identified and enriched in muscle structure and cell movement-related pathway. Among them, Actin α1 (ACTA1) was significantly upregulated in PNI + advanced OSCC with worse clinical outcome whose had relatively low ratio of CD3 + CD8 + circulating cytotoxic T cells.
Conclusions
PNI + OSCC patients with up-regulated of Actin α1 could benefit from cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunotherapy.
A cephalometric analysis of the antegonial notch in relation to the direction of mandibular growth
Authors: Manabe Asuka , Fukino Keiko , Kinoshita Yuri , Kitagawa Norio , Iwanaga Joe , Ono Takashi 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Masticatory muscle forces influence craniofacial morphology development. The antegonial notch (Notch) is a bony concavity on the inferior border of the mandible. Considering the Notch is located anteriorly to the insertion of the masseter muscle and varies among individuals, we hypothesised that these muscles influence the formation of the Notch. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the correlation between mandible morphology and Notch formation. Sixty Japanese patients who visited the Department of Orthodontics at our university hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Morphological and morphometric analyses of the Notch and related craniofacial parameters were conducted using lateral cephalograms taken at the patients’ initial visits. Standard values for the Notch area and depth were determined, and the morphology of the Notch and mandible was analysed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (p < 0.05). The mean Notch area and depth was 78.71 ± 36.54 mm2 and 3.11 ± 1.09 mm, respectively. The Notch area was significantly correlated with ramus inclination (p = 0.044, r = 0.261) and with the Y-axis (p = 0.039, r = 0.267). This study indicated that both the masticatory muscles and mandibular growth could contribute to the Notch formation.
Red Blood Cell Distribution Width: An Independent Predictor of All-cause Mortality Following Amputation for Diabetic Foot
Authors: Yoon Yeo Kwon , Park Jae Han , Cho Hang Hwan , Shim Dong Woo , Lee Wonwoo , Han Seung Hwan , Lee Jin Woo , Park Kwang Hwan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) is a prognostic factor in various disorders. This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of RDW in patients undergoing amputation for diabetic foot. We retrospectively analyzed data on 415 patients who underwent diabetic foot amputation between January 2009 and January 2019. After establishing an optimal cutoff value of preoperative RDW for all-cause mortality, univariable and multivariable analyses with Cox proportional hazard model for survivorship and logistic regression analysis for prolonged hospital length of stay (> 30 days) were performed to identify significant prognostic factors. A preoperative RDW of 14.5% was the optimal cutoff value for predicting all-cause mortality. RDW ≥ 14.5% was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.55; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.55–4.19; P < 0.001) on multivariable Cox proportional model analysis. Preoperative RDW ≥ 14.5% was also associated with a prolonged hospital length of stay after surgery (odds ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.29–3.66; P = 0.004). Higher preoperative RDW was an independent predictive factor for increased all-cause mortality and prolonged hospital length of stay after diabetic foot amputation. These results suggest that RDW may be a useful laboratory parameter for risk stratification in patients undergoing amputation for diabetic foot.
High-grade eosinophilic renal tumor/eosinophilic vacuolar renal tumor: A case report and literature review
Authors: Ou Yong , Ren Shangqing , Zhou Fang , Chen Zhengjun , Lv Qian , Nie Yu , Wang Dong , Fan Shida 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Introduction
Renal oncocytoma (RO) is a rare benign tumor of kidney, and eosinophilic vacuolated tumor (EVT) is a kind of renal oncocytoma with special morphology. EVT is a rare eosinophilic renal tumor with unique morphological, immunophenotype and molecular genetic characteristics. Its biological behavior is relatively inert and its prognosis is good.
Case report
This case report describes in detail a 52-year-old woman who went to the hospital for a medical examination and found that her left kidney occupied a space for 1 + months. After abdominal enhanced CT, she considered renal clear cell carcinoma, and then performed "robot-assisted laparoscopic partial left kidney resection". During the operation, a mass with a size of about 3.8*3.5cm was seen near the renal hilum in the middle part of the left kidney. After the tumor was removed, the pathological examination considered the eosinophilic vacuolar tumor of the kidney.
Conclusion
This case shows that EVT is a new solid tumor of kidney, and the cases are extremely rare. Clinicians and pathologists should improve their understanding of such tumors and differentiate them, so as to classify renal tumors more accurately and guide clinical treatment and prognosis evaluation.
Deep Learning-Based Speech Detection for AI Clones and Ocean Acoustics Applications
Authors: Xinwei Wang , Chen Heng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This thesis is based on deep learning technology and proposes a new AI-cloned voice detection technique for practical application in police anti-AI precision fraud. The experimental validation results using the 2019 ASVspoof dataset show that the method has high detection accuracy and effectiveness. The technique is expected to prevent AI precision fraud actively, providing new ideas and strategies for research and application in related fields. This research aims to improve the security and accuracy of the voiceprint recognition system, which is essential for future research and application. Notably, similar deep learning methods have also been applied in ocean acoustics measurements, demonstrating the broad potential applications of this technology.
Evolutionary optimisation of pixelated IFA inspired antennas
Authors: Mair Dominik , Baumgarten Daniel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

As wireless communication systems increasingly require compact and efficient antennas, conventional antenna design methods are proving difficult to meet the rigorous demands of modern applications. For this purpose, this study introduces a methodology which uses pixelated Inverted-F Antenna (IFA) inspired designs optimised through genetic algorithms to enhance performance in constrained spatial environments. As pixels the antenna features the exemplary use of Einstein Hat-shaped tiles, enabling the antenna to efficiently utilize space.A with the proposed method optimised antenna is compared to traditional IFA designs and shows improved properties like enhanced antenna gain and efficiency as well as smaller reflection coefficient offering a promising solution for future compact antenna systems in the Internet of Things and beyond. Finally, a prototype was manufactured and the scattering parameters and antenna gain were measured within an anechoic chamber.
Effect of high biaxial solar tracker and its shade on crop yield, application to different design simulations
Authors: INGHELS Clémentine , NOIROT-COSSON Paul-Emile , RIOU Tanguy , KICHEY Thomas , GUILLER Annie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The growing need in both producing renewable energy and food has led to the development of new systems such as agrivoltaic systems. Similar to agroforestry systems, agrivoltaics systems combine an understory of crop production with an overstory layer, casting spatial-temporal varying shade that can affect the yield of the understory crop, by either improving or reducing crop growth underneath, depending on type of crop, pedoclimatic context, photovoltaic (PV) structure and its implementation design. Current studies on agrivoltaic stations mainly evaluate global yield in areas under panels and in between panel and/or outside agrivoltaic system (ie. in full sun condition), and sometimes for various panels densities, but don’t consider shade gradient. The aim of this study was to assess field crops yields distribution around high biaxial PV installations that are trackers, with the spatial variations of shade, microclimate, soil parameters. This distribution was then used to simulate yields of different power plant designs. For this purpose, 2 types of crops (wheat and maize) were considered in 2022 and 2023, with a total of 21 trackers over 13 sites, located in Western France. Received radiation (RR) appeared as the most impacting variable of yield and biomass. Yields and biomass linearly decreased under decreasing RR, respectively by up to 45% and 40% locally with a 50% RR decrease, except for maize in 2022, probably due to exceptionally hot summer. The simulation designs showed limited global losses for both crops, only one, with the highest panel density, led to losses slightly greater than 10%.
Density functional theory study for the influence of non-metals doping on the structural, electrical, optical, and photocatalytic properties of rutile TiO2
Authors: Geldasa Fikadu Takele , Kebede Mesfin Abayneh , Hone Fekadu Gashaw , Jira Edosa Tasisa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

In this study, the influence of non-metals (C, F, N, and S) doping on the structural, electronic, and optical properties of rutile TiO2 is investigated by introducing Hubbard correction (U) to the density functional theory (DFT) by adopting the Quantum ESPRESSO code. Rutile TiO2 is a promising material with potential applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy production, such as solar energy and fuels. However, its large bandgap limits these applications to UV-light regions only. In this work, a single atom of each dopant was replaced at oxygen atom sites to shift the absorption edge of rutile TiO2 toward visible light. From the computed band structures, the obtained bandgap of pure rutile TiO2 is 3.03 eV, which agrees well with the experimental value. Except for F-doped TiO2, the bandgap of other doped materials showed a redshift. The imaginary part of dielectric function peaks indicates that the absorption edges in C, N, and S-doped TiO2 are shifted toward the visible region. The shift in absorption coefficient to the highest wavelength in C, N, and S-doped TiO2 reveals the suitability of these materials for photocatalysis applications. The increase in refractive index after doping indicates the existence of excess charges that attenuate the transverse of light in materials. Moreover, this work is extremely important for experimentalists in order to guide them in understanding the effects of non-metal doping on the properties of rutile TiO2 for photocatalysis applications.
Care provision and social participation among older adults in Europe: Longitudinal Evidence from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
Authors: Almeida-Meza Pamela , Gessa Giorgio Di , Lacey Rebecca , McMunn Anne , Xue Baowen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Providing care in older age to family members and friends is common but this could impact the carers’ time and energy for social participation. This study explores the relationship between care and social participation in 16 European countries, considering factors like care intensity, relationship to the care recipient, gender, and socioeconomic status. The study utilised pooled data from the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe and the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Multiple regression models assessed the association between care status (non-carer, carer, and former carer) and social participation measured through volunteering frequency and group membership. The models adjusted for various demographic and socioeconomic covariates. The study found that carers, especially those doing so less intensely, were more likely to volunteer and belong to groups compared to non-carers. The association between care and volunteering was stronger for carers in low support countries. The association between care and group membership was found to be stronger for carers in the highest wealth quintiles, as well as for female carers in low support countries and for male carers in low and medium support counties. The study suggests that caring is not necessarily associated with negative outcomes such as lower social participation but underscores the impact of care strain and burden resulting from high intensity of care as risk factors for reduced social participation. Furthermore, the study highlights the importance of considering the individual and contextual socioeconomic resources in understanding carers' social participation outcomes.
Evaluation and Prediction of Climatic parameters based on IoT system using Machine learning and Neural network algorithms
Authors: Brahmaiah Allacheruvu , Srini Ramagalla , Sunkari Savitha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study presents an innovative method for integrating artificial intelligence/machine learning models with an Internet of Things (IoT) system for evaluating, validating and predicting climatic parameters. The prototype IoT system described herein is designed to remotely control demo-satellite power-enabled technologies while simultaneously capturing real-time environmental parameters such as air temperature, humidity, and atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) levels. These data are then stored in a dedicated server database. They are capable of interfacing with the Blynk IoT application for seamless remote-control access of demo-satellite and monitoring environmental parameters; However, the existing system suffers from low resolution and accuracy in data collection. To address this limitation, we propose high-resolution ground data for the implementation of AI/ML models to improve the accuracy of atmospheric air temperature and CO2 level predictions each algorithm's performance is assessed using metrics like Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), and Percentage Error (PE) and Accuracy percentage. Additionally, future predictions for time horizons of 1 month, 6 months, and 1 year are displayed graphically in the system's Graphical User Interface (GUI). This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the proposed system architecture, implementation details, experimental methodology, results analysis and predictions.
Quantitative identification, uncertainty and sensitivity analysis of nitrate sources using stable isotopes in a drinking water source watershed of Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Lu , Han Jiangbo , Lin Jin , Li Xue , Dai Yunfeng , liu Peng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The quantitative identification of nitrate sources is of great significance for water resources management. Stable isotopes combined with Bayesian isotope mixing model (SIAR) model were widely used to identify nitrogen sources. However, few researchers focus on the influence of the variations of nitrate source isotopic composition on nitrate source contributions. Here, the δ15N-NO3− and δ18O-NO3− isotopes, the SIAR model, and the uncertainty and sensitivity analysis were used to quantify the contributions and uncertainties of nitrate sources in Huashan watershed. 60 surface water samples and 82 groundwater samples were collected from November 2021 to October 2022, and atmospheric deposition (AD), chemical nitrogen fertilizer (NF), soil nitrogen (SN), and manure and sewage (M&S) were determined as the potential nitrate sources. Source identification by SIAR indicated that in November 2021 the M&S was the main contributor of nitrate to surface water, while NF was the main contributor to groundwater. In April 2022, NF contributed the most to surface water, while groundwater mainly originated from SN and MS. The variation between winter and spring sources is due to spring fertilization and rainfall. The uncertainty analysis showed that the greatest uncertainties were in SN and NF. Sensitivity analysis showed that the changes in the nitrate isotopic composition of M&S had the greatest effect on the results for δ15N, whereas only the mean values of oxygen isotope values of AD had a greater effect on the results for δ18O. Fertilizer application and changes in soil fertility due to agricultural rotations and cropping practices are intrinsic to the high level of uncertainty in SN. The magnitude of end-member standard deviations directly affects the outcomes of sensitivity analysis. We recommend prioritizing the determination of feature values for sensitive end-members during sampling. The high contribution of SN and NF highlighting the need to optimize fertilization and irrigation strategies to enhance nitrogen utilization efficiency.
Screening Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Elderly: Evaluating Five Questionnaire-Based Tools
Authors: Chen Riken , Zhu Jinru , Yang Yitian , Liao Weifeng , Ye Weilong , Du Lianfang , Chen Mingdi , Zhang Yuan , Yao Weimin , Zheng Zhenzhen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) often leads to complications in the elderly. This study compares the usefulness of five screening tools for OSA in elderly patients.
Method
Data from elderly patients diagnosed with OSA, collected from the Sleep Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from January 2012 to June 2017, is analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, area under the curve (AUC), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) of the five screening tools are computed and compared.
Results
273 elderly patients with suspected OSA are included, of whom 189 are male (69.2%). The Berlin Questionnaire has an AUC of 0.670 (95%CI: 0.611–0.725) at different cut-off points. The sensitivity and specificity of the Berlin Questionnaire are noticeably high at 0.653 (0.587–0.719) and 0.608 (0.497–0.719), 0.699 (0.621–0.776) and 0.533 (0.449–0.616), and 0.803 (0.713–0.892) and 0.503 (0.433–0.572) when the AHI is 5, 15, and 30 times/hour, respectively. The GOAL Questionnaire has the highest DOR at AHI cut-off points of 5 and 15 times/hour, while Berlin has the highest DOR at an AHI cut-off point of 30 times/hour.
Conclusion
The Berlin Questionnaire is a preferred screening tool for suspected OSA in elderly patients aged 60 years and older.