bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A global dataset of crowdsourced land cover and land use reference data
Authors: Fritz Steffen , See Linda , Perger Christoph , McCallum Ian , Schill Christian , Schepaschenko Dmitry , Duerauer Martina , Karner Mathias , Dresel Christopher , Laso-Bayas Juan-Carlos , Lesiv Myroslava , Moorthy Inian , Salk Carl F. , Danylo Olha , Sturn Tobias , Albrecht Franziska , You Liangzhi , Kraxner Florian , Obersteiner Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGlobal land cover is an essential climate variable and a key biophysical driver for earth system models. While remote sensing technology, particularly satellites, have played a key role in providing land cover datasets, large discrepancies have been noted among the available products. Global land use is typically more difficult to map and in many cases cannot be remotely sensed. In-situ or ground-based data and high resolution imagery are thus an important requirement for producing accurate land cover and land use datasets and this is precisely what is lacking. Here we describe the global land cover and land use reference data derived from the Geo-Wiki crowdsourcing platform via four campaigns. These global datasets provide information on human impact, land cover disagreement, wilderness and land cover and land use. Hence, they are relevant for the scientific community that requires reference data for global satellite-derived products, as well as those interested in monitoring global terrestrial ecosystems in general.
The Thrombostat 4000 A Sensitive Screening Test for von Willebrand's Disease
Authors: Weippert-Kretschmer Monika , Witte Michaele , Budde Ulrich , Vigh Thomas , Volker Kretschmer , Scharrer Inge 
Published: June 2017

The determination of the bleeding time (BT) is an essential diagnostic tool for von WilIebrand's disease (vWD). However, the standardized Simplate ® BT still displays many variables and disadvantages. The present study reports on the sensitivity of the in vitro bleeding test (IVBT) in 51 vWD cases of different types and severity in comparison to the Simplate BT, and the correlation of both to each other as well as to von Willebrand factor (vWF:RCo) activity. The IVBT was performed in two modifications (2 mmoIIL CaCl2 and 4 mmollL ADP) on the Thrombostat 4000.The IVBT, particularly with CaCl2, showed clearly higher sensitivity than the BT (CaCl2 : 84.3%, ADP: 61.7%, CaCl2 + ADP: 86.3, BT: 52.9%). The BT even failed in one patient with severe (type 2B) and in three with moderate vWD. The IVBT only failed in very mild forms of the disease (vWF: RCo > 25%). In addition, the IVBT with ADP showed a close correlation to the vWF:RCo activity (r2 = 0.73). The significantly lower correlation of the BT with vWF:RCo (r2 = 0.49) was particularly due to the poor results in vWD of type 2 (type 2:r2 = 0.29; types 1 and 3:r2 = 0.61). Finally, BT and IVBT-ADP correlated with each other (r2 = 0.53), a rather good correlation considering that both are complex functional tests. It can be concluded from our study that the IVBT not only may replace the BT for most applications, but is clearly superior to BT for the screening (IVBT-CaCl2) and control of therapy in vWD.
Influence of HPA-1a and HLA Antibodies on Primary Hemostasis
Authors: Kretschmer Volker , Huss Bernd , Feller Kristine , Ponath Norbert , Kiefel Volker 
Published: June 2017

The influence of platelet specific and HLA antibodies was investigated on primary hemostasis by the in vitro bleeding test (IVBT) (Thrombostat 4000).Seven of 12 plasmas with HPA-la (PIA1) antibodies and two with antibodies against glycoprotein Ib/IX significantly inhibited the IVBT of normal, cross-match-positive donor blood. This correlated with a significant increase ofGMP-I40 (CD 62) on the platelets, determined by flow cytometry. These results agree with the literature showing both activation and inhibition of platelet function by platelet specific antibodies. On the other hand, HLA antibodies showed a similar platelet activation (shortening of occlusion time and decrease in blood volume in the IVBT, increase of CD 62 expression) as plasma samples of polytransfused thrombocytopenic patients without HLA antibodies. It can be concluded that neither an activating nor an inhibitory effect of HLA antibodies on platelet function is significant in vivo. The IVBT seems not to be suited for compatibility testing.
Description of an In Vitro Platelet Function Analyzer-PFA-100™
Authors: Kundu Sourav , Heilmann Eric , Sio Reynaldo , Garcia Carmen , Davidson Rosa , Ostgaard Roy 
Published: June 2017

A new in vitro system for the detection of platelet dysfunction, PFA-100™* has been developed. It provides a quantitative measure of platelet function in anticoagulated whole blood. The system comprises a microprocessor-controlled instrument and a disposable test cartridge containing a biologically active membrane. The instrument aspirates a blood sample under constant vacuum from the sample reservoir through a capillary and a microscopic aperture cut into the membrane. The membrane is coated with collagen and epinephrine or adenosine 5’-diphosphate. The presence of these biochemical stimuli, and the high shear rates generated under the standardized flow conditions, result in platelet attachment, activation, and aggregation, slowly building a stable platelet plug at the aperture. The time required to obtain full occlusion of the aperture is reported as the m“closure time.” We have found that impairment of von Willebrand factor, or inhibition of platelet receptors glycoprotein Ib or IIblIIIa with monoclonal antibodies or peptides, resulted in abnormal closure times. An antifibrinogen antibody, in contrast, failed to show any effect. The test appears to be sensitive to platelet adherence and aggregation abnormalities. The PFA-100™ system has potential applications in routine evaluation of platelet function in the clinical setting because of its accuracy, ease of operation, and rapid turnaround of results.
* Under evaluation
Spinale Manipulation funktioniert – nur wie?
Authors: Flynn Timothy , Koppenhaver Shane , Cleland Joshua , Hebert Jeff 
Published: June 2017

PARADIGMENWECHSEL: Die aktuelle Evidenz zeigt, rein mechanische Modelle werden der
spinalen Manipulation nicht gerecht. Umfassendere Modelle scheinen schlüssiger zu sein.
Wie können sich Ausbildung und Praxis an das neue Paradigma anpassen?
Manipulation im klinischen Alltag anwenden
Authors: Westerhuis Pieter 
Published: June 2017

Sie ist umstritten und nicht ungefährlich: Wann sollte man manipulieren und wann nicht?
In welchen Fällen reicht Mobilisieren? Anhand von Patienten mit ganz unterschiedlichen
Störungen können Sie das Clinical Reasoning verfolgen und erfahren mehr über die
Manipulation (Handhabung) der Manipulation.
Wurde die Geschichte der Manipulation von Wirbelsäule und
Gelenken manipuliert?
Authors: Ottoson Anders 
Published: June 2017

ZusammenfassungDer vorliegende Artikel entwickelt eine andere Sichtweise auf die Geschichte der
Orthopädischen Medizin und der Orthopädischen Manuellen Therapie. Demnach verdanken nicht
die Physiotherapeuten all ihr Wissen den Medizinern, sondern eher umgekehrt. Dafür ist es
notwendig, ins 19. Jahrhundert zurückzugehen und die Rolle der Physiotherapeuten Pehr
Henrik Ling, Jonas Henrik Kellgren, Dr. Edgar Ferdinand Cyriax sowie dessen Sohn Dr. James
Cyriax genauer zu untersuchen.
Praxisfall - Fallbeispiel: Training mit und nach femoralem
Knorpelschaden
Authors: Schoch Wolfgang 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Feuer und Sport Der Patient ist Feuerwehrmann. Gerät er im Einsatz oder Sport in
brenzlige Situationen, braucht er ein belastungsfähiges Kniegelenk. Nach einem
Knorpelschaden trainiert ihn sein Physiotherapeut prä- und postoperativ. Der Sprint ist
das Ziel.
Eisanwendung in der Sportphysiotherapie
Authors: Glasgow Philip 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Effekte der Kryotherapie Phil Glasgow kennt sich aus mit Eisanwendungen bei Sportlern. Ob
Kühlmanschette, Eisspray oder -tauchbad, er weiß, was wirkt. Um bei tiefen intramuskulären
Verletzungen effektiv zu kühlen, müssen 5 bis 15 Grad Celsius im Muskel erreicht werden.
Kühlung findet aber auf der Haut statt. Was kann die „Allzweckwaffe“ Eis wirklich leisten
und was nicht?
Polyp Genetics
Authors: Klos Coen , Dharmarajan Sekhar 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe genetic events involved in the transformation of normal colonic epithelium to neoplastic polyps to invasive carcinoma, as initially proposed by Fearon and Vogelstein, form the foundation of our understanding of colorectal cancer. The identification of the polyp as the precursor lesion to colorectal cancer is the basis of many of our current practices for screening, surveillance, and prevention. The last three decades have seen a veritable explosion in our understanding of the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. It is now clear that there are multiple genetic pathways in the polyp to carcinoma sequence. Some polyps previously thought to be nonneoplastic have now been shown to have malignant potential. Finally, increased understanding of the sequence of genetic events has led to the development of targeted therapeutics. The clinical translation of these scientific advances has made a significant impact on the management of patients with colorectal cancer. Accordingly, it is imperative that all clinicians caring for these patients have an understanding of the genetics of colorectal polyps and cancer. In this article, we review the etiology and genetic pathways to carcinoma associated with a range of polyps of the colon and rectum.
Adenomatous Polyposis Syndromes: Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Mitchem Jonathan , Hall Jason 
Published: June 2017

AbstractFamilial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) syndromes make up fewer than 1% of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer each year. Patients with familial polyposis syndromes including FAP, attenuated FAP, and MYH-associated polyposis (MAP), are an important group often cared for by colorectal surgeons. Registry and screening programs have been shown to improve survival in patients with adenomatous polyposis, as it allows patients to undergo surgical intervention prior to the development of colorectal cancer. There are several surgical options for the treatment of colorectal polyps in patients with adenomatous polyposis, so it is important to choose the appropriate procedure for each patient after discussing the risk of cancer in the rectal remnant, as well as bowel and sexual function in a predominantly young patient group. Regardless of procedure choice, long-term follow-up is important with yearly endoscopic evaluation of the pouch or remnant rectum, as well as appropriate screening for extracolonic malignancy. Adenomatous polyposis patients require an intense care regimen, but can have a normal lifespan with good quality when cared for appropriately.
Colonic Polyps: Treatment
Authors: Sarin Ankit , Huang Emily 
Published: June 2017

AbstractColonic polyps are considered to be precursors of colon cancer based on several different molecular pathway models and should be resected with a principle of complete excisional biopsy. Several techniques are available for excisional biopsy, ranging from endoscopic techniques such as snare polypectomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) to surgical colonic resection and colonic endolaparoscopic surgery (CELS). This article focuses on these modalities with contemporary recommendations for choice of modality based on the size and features of the polyp encountered upon endoscopy. In addition, the morphologically apparent risk factors for polyps harboring invasive malignancy are discussed along with implications for management. Current literature on the comparative risks and benefits of EMR, ESD, CELS, and surgical resection is reviewed, as well as recommendations regarding cancer risk and subsequent surveillance.
What do Infertile Women Think about Oocyte Reception, Oocyte Donation, and Child Adoption?
Authors: Straehl Juliana , Lara Lúcia Alves da Silva , Sá Marcos Felipe Silva de , Reis Rosana Maria , Rosa-e-Silva Ana Carolina Japur de Sá 
Published: June 2017

Purpose The views of infertile couples regarding oocyte donation by third parties and adoption are unknown, as these may be interpreted as a final closure of the available options for conception. This study aimed to determine the acceptance of oocyte donation, oocyte reception, and child adoption of infertile women who submitted to assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment
Methods Sixty-nine women who were under treatment for infertility and submitted to ART procedures were included in this cross-sectional study. They were evaluated using semi-structured questionnaires administered during ovulation induction in a treatment cycle. Marital status, religion, years of schooling, occupation, type of infertility, age, duration of infertility, number of previous ART cycles, mean oocyte number per cycle, and mean number of embryos per cycle had no influence on a woman's acceptance of oocyte donation or oocyte reception.
Results More than 90% of the patients thought that the subject of “adoption” should be brought up during their ART treatments, although they preferred to discuss this topic with psychologists, not doctors. Women with occupations were more willing to consider adoption.
Conclusion The opinions of these patients on these issues seem to be based on personal concepts and ethical, religious, and moral values. Women preferred to discuss adoption with psychologists rather than doctors.
Pitch-Matching Accuracy and Temporal Auditory Processing
Authors: Fadel Congeta , Ribas Angela , Lüders Débora , Fonseca Vinicius , Cat Monica 
Published: June 2017

Introduction Pitch-matching refers to the ability to vocally reproduce an acoustic model in a corresponding tone to the presented sound. This ability, which is dependent on pitch perception ability, can vary among individuals, and some are not able to sing in the correct tune or discriminate differences between tones.
Objective To correlate pitch-matching accuracy and auditory processing in individuals without musical training.
Methods A Pitch-Matching Test (vocal reproduction of synthesized and human voice sounds) and two commercially available tests of auditory temporal processing (the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test and the Random Gap Detection Test) were administered to all participants. A total of 62 college students of both genders, aged between 18 and 35 years old, were divided into 2 groups, according to their performances in the Pitch-Matching Test (the accurate match group and the inaccurate match group).
Results In the Pitch-Matching Test, both groups achieved better results when reproducing vocalized sounds. The accurate match group achieved a significantly higher pitch pattern sequence test performance. In the Random Gap Detection Test analysis, there were no differences between the two groups. The Pearson's chi-squared test showed a direct correlation between the Pitch-Matching Test and the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test.
Conclusion The findings of this study suggest the existence of a significant relationship between temporal auditory processing and pitch-matching, through which accurate pitch-matching individuals perform better in the Pitch Pattern Sequence Test. Inaccurate pitch-matching individuals may be skilled at discriminating pitch, despite their poor performance in the Pitch-Matching Test.
Transpancreatic sphincterotomy has a higher cannulation success rate than needle-knife precut papillotomy – a meta-analysis
Authors: Pécsi Dániel , Farkas Nelli , Hegyi Péter , Balaskó Márta , Czimmer József , Garami András , Illés Anita , Mosztbacher Dóra , Pár Gabriella , Párniczky Andrea , Sarlós Patrícia , Szabó Imre , Szemes Kata , Szűcs Ákos , Vincze Áron 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Background and aim While many studies have discussed the different cannulation techniques used in patients with difficult biliary access, no previous meta-analyses have compared transpancreatic sphincterotomy (TPS) to other advanced techniques. Therefore, we aimed to identify all studies comparing the efficacy and adverse event rates of TPS with needle-knife precut papillotomy (NKPP), the most commonly used technique, and to perform a meta-analysis.
Methods The Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane databases were searched for trials comparing the outcomes of TPS with NKPP up till December 2016. A meta-analysis focusing on outcome (cannulation success, post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP), post-procedural bleeding, and total adverse events) was performed. The population, intervention, comparison, outcome (PICO) format was used to compare these cannulation approaches. Five prospective and eight retrospective studies were included in our meta-analysis.
Results NKPP has a significantly lower success rate (odds ratio [OR] 0.50, P = 0.046; relative risk [RR] 0.92, P = 0.03) and a higher rate of bleeding complications (OR 2.24, P = 0.02; RR 2.18, P = 0.02) than TPS. However, no significant differences were found in PEP (OR 0.79, P = 0.24; RR 0.80, P = 0.19), perforation (risk difference [RD] 0.01, P = 0.23), or total complication rates (OR 1.22, P = 0.44; RR 1.17, P = 0.47).
Conclusion While TPS has a higher success rate in difficult biliary access and causes less bleeding than NKPP, there are no differences in PEP, perforation, or total complication rates between the two approaches. We conclude that TPS, in the hands of expert endoscopists, is a safe procedure, which should be used more widely in patients with difficult biliary access.
Socioeconomic disadvantage, gestational immune activity, and neurodevelopment in early childhood
Authors: Gilman Stephen E. , Hornig Mady , Ghassabian Akhgar , Hahn Jill , Cherkerzian Sara , Albert Paul S. , Buka Stephen L. , Goldstein Jill M. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Children raised in economically disadvantaged households face increased risks of poor health in adulthood, suggesting early origins of socioeconomic inequalities in health. In fact, maternal immune activity in response to stressful conditions during pregnancy has been found to play a key role in fetal brain development. Here we show that socioeconomic disadvantage is associated with lower concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-8 during the third trimester of pregnancy and, in turn, with offspring’s neurologic abnormalities during the first year of life. These results suggest stress–immune mechanisms as one potential pathophysiologic pathway involved in the early origins of population health inequalities.
Carbohydrate microarrays and their use for the identification of molecular markers for plant cell wall composition
Authors: Wood Ian P. , Pearson Bruce M. , Garcia-Gutierrez Enriqueta , Havlickova Lenka , He Zhesi , Harper Andrea L. , Bancroft Ian , Waldron Keith W. 
Published: June 2017

SignificancePlant cell wall (PCW) composition determines the nature and quality of many biologically derived products and, therefore, is a major target for genetic improvement. However, the identities and functions of many genes involved in PCW synthesis are still not known. Genome-wide association mapping studies (GWAS) are one of the few ways to identify these genes. However, collecting precise and quantitative PCW phenotype data at the scale required for GWAS is a significant challenge. Here, we demonstrate that high-density carbohydrate microarrays can be used as a PCW phenotyping strategy suitable for GWAS. Results presented in this study will aid in the understanding of PCW genetics and crop breeding for improved PCW composition.
Brain circuit–gene expression relationships and neuroplasticity of multisensory cortices in blind children
Authors: Ortiz-Terán Laura , Diez Ibai , Ortiz Tomás , Perez David L. , Aragón Jose Ignacio , Costumero Victor , Pascual-Leone Alvaro , El Fakhri Georges , Sepulcre Jorge 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceThis cortical connectivity study shows that neuroplastic reorganization in blind children involves key multisensory integration regions. Using two complementary functional connectivity graph theory analyses, multimodal integration areas exhibited increased connectivity in blind children compared with matched controls; within-group analyses also demonstrated that functional connectivity changes increased with age. Evidence is provided that the spatial cortical expression of genes implicated in neuroplasticity underlies the reorganizational capabilities of the multimodal cortex.
Females manipulate behavior of caring males via prenatal maternal effects
Authors: Paquet Matthieu , Smiseth Per T. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
In biparental species, sexual conflict arises as each parent attempts to minimize its personal effort. Most work has focused on how this conflict is resolved through symmetrical decisions between parents. We investigated whether females can influence male decisions by altering the offspring’s phenotype via the eggs. We manipulated the prenatal presence of the male, performed a cross-fostering experiment, and monitored the subsequent effects on offspring and parent performance. Offspring laid in presence of a male were smaller at hatching. In addition, males lost more weight when with larvae laid in presence of a male. Our results show that females can manipulate male behavior, suggesting that prenatal maternal effects can play an important role in the resolution of sexual conflict between parents.
Specific targeting of TGF-β family ligands demonstrates distinct roles in the regulation of muscle mass in health and disease
Authors: Chen Justin L. , Walton Kelly L. , Hagg Adam , Colgan Timothy D. , Johnson Katharine , Qian Hongwei , Gregorevic Paul , Harrison Craig A. 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Myostatin, via activation of the Smad2/3 pathway, has long been recognized as the body’s major negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. In this study, however, we demonstrate that other TGF-β proteins, particularly activin A and activin B, act in concert with myostatin to repress muscle growth. Preventing activin and myostatin signaling in the tibialis anterior muscles of mice resulted in massive hypertrophy (>150%), which was dependent upon both the complete inhibition of the Smad2/3 pathway and activation of the parallel bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/Smad1/5 axis. Using this approach in models of muscular dystrophy and cancer cachexia increased muscle mass or prevented muscle wasting, respectively, highlighting the potential therapeutic advantages of complete inhibition of Smad2/3 ligand activity in skeletal muscle.
Computationally optimized deimmunization libraries yield highly mutated enzymes with low immunogenicity and enhanced activity
Authors: Salvat Regina S. , Verma Deeptak , Parker Andrew S. , Kirsch Jack R. , Brooks Seth A. , Bailey-Kellogg Chris , Griswold Karl E. 
Published: June 2017

SignificanceNature produces a variety of proteins that could be tapped for therapeutic applications. This paper focuses on the bacterial enzyme β-lactamase, a component of antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapies designed to activate cytotoxic prodrugs selectively at sites of malignancy. Unfortunately, like many other nonhuman proteins, β-lactamase evokes an antidrug immune response that limits its clinical potential. This paper demonstrates that a multiobjective library-design method enables incorporation of mutations throughout the protein, modifying portions that trigger immune recognition while simultaneously preserving stability and catalytic activity. The libraries were inherently enriched in beneficial variants, and they produced numerous candidates that were both highly functional and immunologically stealthy. The method is general purpose and could enable functional deimmunization of other biotherapeutic agents.