bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adding items that assess changes in activities of daily living does not improve the predictive accuracy of the Palliative Prognostic Index
Authors: Hamano Jun , Tokuda Yasuharu , Kawagoe Shohei , Shinjo Takuya , Shirayama Hiroto , Ozawa Taketoshi , Shishido Hideki , Otomo Sen , Nagayama Jun , Baba Mika , Tei Yo , Hiramoto Shuji , Suga Akihiko , Hisanaga Takayuki , Ishihara Tatsuhiko , Iwashita Tomoyuki , Kaneishi Keisuke , Kuriyama Toshiyuki , Maeda Takashi , Morita Tatsuya 
Published: July 2016

Background: Changes in activities of daily living in cancer patients may predict their survival. The Palliative Prognostic Index is a useful tool to evaluate cancer patients, and adding an item about activities of daily living changes might improve its predictive value. Aim: To clarify whether adding an item about activities of daily living changes improves the accuracy of Palliative Prognostic Index. Design: Multicenter prospective cohort study. Setting: A total of 58 palliative care services in Japan. Participants: Patients aged >20 years diagnosed with locally extensive or metastatic cancer (including hematological neoplasms) who had been admitted to palliative care units, were receiving care by hospital-based palliative care teams, or were receiving home-based palliative care. Palliative care physicians recorded clinical variables at the first assessment and followed up patients 6 months later. Results: A total of 2425 subjects were recruited and 2343 of these had analyzable data. The C-statistic of the original Palliative Prognostic Index was 0.801, and those of modified Palliative Prognostic Indices ranged from 0.793 to 0.805 at 3 weeks. For 6-week survival predictions, the C-statistic of the original Palliative Prognostic Index was 0.802, and those of modified Palliative Prognostic Indices ranged from 0.791 to 0.799. The weighted kappa of the original Palliative Prognostic Index was 0.510, and those of modified Palliative Prognostic Indices ranged from 0.484 to 0.508. Conclusion: Adding items about activities of daily living changes to the Palliative Prognostic Index did not improve prognostic value in advanced cancer patients.
Prognostic significance of ankle brachial pressure index: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hajibandeh Shahab , Hajibandeh Shahin , Shah Sohan , Child Emma , Antoniou George A , Torella Francesco 
Published: July 2016

Purpose To synthesize and quantify the excess risk of morbidity and mortality in individuals with low ankle-brachial pressure index. Methods Electronic databases were searched to identify studies investigating morbidity and mortality outcomes in individuals undergoing ankle-brachial pressure index measurement. Meta-analysis of the outcomes was performed using fixed- or random-effects models. Uncertainties related to varying follow-up periods among the studies were resolved by meta-analysis of time-to-event outcomes. Results Forty-three observational cohort studies, enrolling 94,254 participants, were selected. A low ankle-brachial pressure index (<0.9) was associated with a significant risk of all-cause mortality (risk ratio: 2.52, 95% CI 2.26–2.82, P < 0.00001); cardiovascular mortality (risk ratio: 2.94, 95% CI 2.72–3.18, P < 0.00001); cerebrovascular event (risk ratio: 2.17, 95% CI 1.90–2.47, P < 0.00001); myocardial infarction (risk ratio: 2.28, 95% CI 2.07–2.51, P < 0.00001); fatal myocardial infarction (risk ratio: 2.81, 95% CI 2.33–3.40, P < 0.00001); fatal stroke (risk ratio: 2.28, 95% CI 1.80–2.89, P < 0.00001); and the composite of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death (risk ratio: 2.29, 95% CI 1.87–2.81, P < 0.00001). Similar findings resulted from analyses of individuals with asymptomatic PAD, individuals with cardiovascular or cerebrovascular co-morbidity, and patients with diabetes. Conclusions A low ankle-brachial pressure index is associated with an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. Randomised controlled trials are required to investigate the effectiveness of screening for PAD in asymptomatic and undiagnosed individuals and to evaluate benefits of early treatment of screen-detected PAD.
A source-synchronous filter for uncorrelated receiver traces from a swept-frequency seismic source
Authors: Lord Neal , Wang Herbert , Fratta Dante 
Published: July 2016

We have developed a novel algorithm to reduce noise in signals obtained from swept-frequency sources by removing out-of-band external noise sources and distortion caused from unwanted harmonics. The algorithm is designed to condition nonstationary signals for which traditional frequency-domain methods for removing noise have been less effective. The source synchronous filter (SSF) is a time-varying narrow band filter, which is synchronized with the frequency of the source signal at all times. Because the bandwidth of the filter needs to account for the source-to-receiver propagation delay and the sweep rate, SSF works best with slow sweep rates and moveout-adjusted waveforms to compensate for source-receiver delays. The SSF algorithm was applied to data collected during a field test at the University of California Santa Barbara’s Garner Valley downhole array site in Southern California. At the site, a 45 kN shaker was mounted on top of a one-story structure and swept from 0 to 10 Hz and back over 60 s (producing useful seismic waves greater than 1.6 Hz). The seismic data were captured with small accelerometer and geophone arrays and with a distributed acoustic sensing array, which is a fiber-optic-based technique for the monitoring of elastic waves. The result of the application of SSF on the field data is a set of undistorted and uncorrelated traces that can be used in different applications, such as measuring phase velocities of surface waves or applying convolution operations with the encoder source function to obtain traveltimes. The results from the SSF were used with a visual phase alignment tool to facilitate developing dispersion curves and as a prefilter to improve the interpretation of the data.
Quasi-steady state aerodynamics of the cheetah tail
Authors: Patel Amir , Boje Edward , Fisher Callen , Louis Leeann , Lane Emily 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTDuring high-speed pursuit of prey, the cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus) has been observed to swing its tail while manoeuvring (e.g. turning or braking) but the effect of these complex motions is not well understood. This study demonstrates the potential of the cheetah's long, furry tail to impart torques and forces on the body as a result of aerodynamic effects, in addition to the well-known inertial effects. The first-order aerodynamic forces on the tail are quantified through wind tunnel testing and it is observed that the fur nearly doubles the effective frontal area of the tail without much mass penalty. Simple dynamic models provide insight into manoeuvrability via simulation of pitch, roll and yaw tail motion primitives. The inertial and quasi-steady state aerodynamic effects of tail actuation are quantified and compared by calculating the angular impulse imparted onto the cheetah's body and its shown aerodynamic effects contribute to the tail's angular impulse, especially at the highest forward velocities.
Antimicrobial activity of a bioelectric dressing using an in vitro wound pathogen colony drip-flow reactor biofilm model
Authors: Kim H. , Izadjoo M. 
Published: July 2016

Objective: We performed in vitro antibiofilm testing of a silver and zinc containing microcurrent generating bioelectric dressing (BED) against clinical wound pathogens to determine its efficacy in preventing biofilm formation under low shear and continuous flow conditions, simulating wound infection environments. Method: We customised an in vitro colony drip-flow reactor (DFR) biofilm model for efficacy evaluation of BED. Each bacterial pathogen was diluted to 104CFU/ml and inoculated on the polycarbonate filter membrane as an abiotic support. BED and controls (no treatment, gauze, and blank polyester with no silver and zinc) were applied directly on the membranes where bacterial cultures were inoculated. Biofilms were continuously developed onto the membranes for 72 hours at room temperature. Biofilm formation was confirmed by crystal violet staining and microscopic observation. Through vigorous shaking and sonication, the released bacteria were serially diluted, plated, and incubated for 24 hours at 37°C to determine the numbers of surviving bacteria. Results: Biofilms were well developed onto blank polyesters, but not the BED after 72 hours incubation. Crystal violet staining from the blank polyesters showed large and fully grown biofilms. We observed an inhibition in bacterial growth on BED treatment. The antibiofilm activity of the BED against each of eight monospecies biofilms showed a 1- or 2 log10 (or 10- or 100-fold) reduction in bacterial numbers compared with those of controls. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that colony DFR biofilm model was an appropriate for testing the antibiofilm efficacy of BED under low shear and continuous flow conditions for simulating clinical wound environments. The bioelectric currents generated from the silver and zinc active ingredients in the dressing resulted in antibiofilm activity of this wound care device. Declaration of interest: The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors, based on scientific investigation, and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Department of Defense, the United States Government or any of the authors' employers. Dr. Mina Izadjoo has served as a consultant to Vomaris Innovations Inc.
Conformal Ricci solitons and related integrability conditions
Authors: Catino Giovanni , Mastrolia Paolo , Monticelli Dario D. , Rigoli Marco 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
We introduce, in the Riemannian setting, the notion of conformal Ricci soliton, which includes as particular cases Einstein manifolds, conformal Einstein manifolds and (generic and gradient) Ricci solitons. We provide necessary integrability conditions for the existence of these structures that also recover, in the corresponding contexts, those already known in the literature for conformally Einstein manifolds and for gradient Ricci solitons. A crucial tool in our analysis is the construction of (0, 3)-tensors related to the geometric structures, that in the special case of gradient Ricci solitons become the celebrated tensor D recently introduced by Cao and Chen. We derive commutation rules for covariant derivatives (of functions and tensors) and of transformation laws of some geometric objects under a conformal change of the underlying metric.
Discussion on Uses of the Specifications for Aviation Turbine Fuels (ASTM D1655) and Aviation Gasoline (ASTM D910)
Authors: Organ Roger J. 
Published: July 2016

Aviation fuels, aviation turbine fuels, and aviation gasoline are important fuels in terms of worldwide commerce, and ASTM International is the preeminent standards-writing body issuing specifications for these fuels. Chapter 8 of ASTM Manual 69 describes in detail the specifications ASTM D1655 Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel and ASTM D910 Standard Specification for Aviation Gasoline. Explanations are given on the meaning and intention of the paragraphs within these two specifications along with a detailed account of the rationale and purpose of the specification property limits and the limits in the specifications being set to ensure the product is marketable and will perform satisfactorily as intended and over the wide range of temperatures and pressure variations encountered with aircraft altitude changes. The limits on the properties must take into account both modern and older aircraft and the derivation and history behind the limits is also discussed. There is also an explanation of the operation of an aviation turbine engine and the accompanying fuel supply system.
Somewhere in the world an aircraft is refueled every second with an acceptable fuel that must meet exacting standards. Two such standards are ASTM D1655, Standard Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuel, and ASTM D910, Standard Specification for Aviation Gasolines. In many parts of the world, if an aviation fuel does not meet these ASTM specifications it is not acceptable.
Universal Method for Applying the Mean-Stress Effect Correction in Stochastic Fatigue-Damage Accumulation
Authors: Niesłony A. , Böhm M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
Most of the models used for taking into account the influence of mean stress on fatigue life work on the basis of the correction of stress amplitudes of particular loading cycles. This can be done directly on the amplitudes or through the modification of the reference S–N curve. The mentioned procedure is also applicable for variable amplitude loading where, after rainflow cycle counting, all loading cycles described by amplitude and mean-stress value are designated. Mean-stress correction can be difficult to apply in stochastic fatigue-damage accumulation, also called the spectral method, where the load and the stress level is defined in the frequency domain using the appropriate power spectral density (PSD) function. The PSD function by itself does not give information to the user about the level of mean stress and only provides us with some statistical information of the fluctuating part of the random loading processes. The aim of the paper is to present how we can perform the mean-stress effect correction directly on a PSD function of stress using well-known models, such as proposed by Gerber, Goodman, Soderberg, or Morrow. The correction can be performed depending on the frequency component, which is a significant advantage of the presented method. The theoretical elaborations were used to develop a computer simulation used to compare the frequency-domain with the time-domain computation path. To show the effectiveness of the presented method, fatigue life has been estimated and compared with experimental fatigue test results for S355JR steel.
Factores personales, laborales y contextuales del profesional de enfermería que inciden en la presencia de un evento adverso
Authors: Vargas Bermúdez Zeidy 
Published: July 2016

Introducción. Un evento adverso se define como una situación inesperada que lesiona al paciente y es producto de la interacción con el equipo de salud y la institución. El objetivo del este estudio es describir la opinión de profesionales de enfermería sobre los factores personales, laborales y contextuales que inciden en la presencia de un evento adverso, en el área de medicinas del Hospital Rafael Ángel Calderón Guardia.Método. La población participante estuvo formada por 38 profesionales que laboran en el área de medicinas. Son criterios de exclusión de eventos adversos las infecciones y úlceras por presión. Las variables estudiadas son características sociodemográficas de la población, conocimiento del concepto de evento adverso y su reporte y la opinión de la condición de infraestructura, equipo, ubicación de usuarios y su distribución como factores relacionados con la aparición de eventos adversos. El estudio es de tipo descriptivo transversal, con un cuestionario validado y autoadministrado.Resultado. La mayoría de la población tiene conocimiento de la conceptualización de un evento adverso; opina que no hay relación entre la condición de la infraestructura y equipo con la aparición del evento. Manifiesta que la ubicación de pacientes y cantidad asignada por profesional influye en la aparición de eventos adversos.Conclusión. Los profesionales de enfermería conocen la definición conceptual de evento adverso y consideran que hay relación entre el número de pacientes por profesional, la calidad y ubicación de los mismos en la institución con la presencia de eventos adversos.
Inverse kinematics of a serial-parallel robot used in hot forging process
Authors: My Chu Anh 
Published: July 2016

In hot extrusion forging process, the use of robot arm for transferring heavy billets can reduce downtime, improve productivity, reduce worker fatigue and optimize the use of~energy and manpower. To increase the stiffness of the robot and force the end-effector move in directions parallel with the ground surface, two parallel links are added to a standard serial manipulator. This modification of the structure could make it a bit of challenge in the system modelling and controlling. This paper addresses the inverse kinematics analysis that is the central issue for developing autonomous control modes of the robot application.
POR UMA HISTÓRIA COMPARADA DO JORNALISMO TESTEMUNHAL ENTRE 1964 E 2016: O olhar de Nilson Lage sobre a História, a Comunicação e a Formação
Authors: Oliveira Daniela Barbosa de , Porto Junior Francisco Gilson Rebouças 
Published: July 2016

Entrevista realizada em maio de 2016, com o jornalista e pesquisador Nilson Lage, professor titular aposentado do Departamento de Jornalismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, estudioso da linguagem jornalística no Brasil.

Nilson Lemos Lage, doutorado em Linguística pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ (1986), mestrado em Comunicação pela Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (1978) e bacharel em Letras/Russo (1977). Professor aposentado do Departamento de Jornalismo da Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina – UFSC. Trabalhou no “O Globo”, “Jornal do Brasil”, “Última Hora”, “Bloch Editores”, “Diário Carioca” e na Televisão Educativa do Rio de Janeiro, entre outros veículos de comunicação. Foi presidente do Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia – IBICT. Autor dos livros Ideologia e Técnica da Notícia, Estrutura da Notícia, Linguagem Jornalística, Controle da Opinião Pública e A Reportagem: Teoria e Técnica de Pesquisa.
The Time and Cost Investment Required to Obtain and Initiate Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy
Authors: Loy Veronica , Benyashvili Tamara , Adams William , Pavkov Douglas , O'Mahoney Meghan , Cotler Scott J 
Published: July 2016

Background Obtaining direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications for treatment of HCV is labour-intensive for providers. The purpose of this study was to assess the amount of unbillable time and to estimate the financial burden of obtaining DAAs for HCV. Methods Patients prescribed DAA therapy from 30 September 2014 to 19 March 2015 at an academic hepatology practice were enrolled prospectively. Providers recorded the amount of time required to obtain HCV therapy for each patient. Results A total of 79 patients consented, 27 of whom were excluded due to incomplete data or deferment of therapy. In our patient population 56% of patients had private insurance, 27% Medicare and 15% Medicaid. The median time spent per patient was 92.5 min (IQR 80.00–108.80). The median cost spent per patient was $78.85 (IQR 66.75–94.30). Conclusions Development of a streamlined process to reduce the time and cost for physicians to obtain DAAs is needed. Removing this barrier will encourage physicians to adopt HCV treatment to address the large number of patients in need.
Former les enseignant-e-s à une pédagogie de l'égalité
Authors: Collet Isabelle 
Published: July 2016

Malgré la progression spectaculaire des scolarités des filles dans l'enseignement secondaire et supérieur, les inégalités liées au genre perdurent dans l'ensemble de système éducatif. Depuis 1983, les conventions interministérielles se sont succédé, affirmant toutes une volonté de sensibiliser les personnels de l'Éducation nationale aux stéréotypes sexistes et de les former à l'égalité filles garçons. En réalité, faute de textes contraignants, bien peu d'ÉSPÉ (Écoles supérieures du professorat et de l'éducation) proposent aujourd'hui une formation approfondie sur la question. Le propos de cet article est de revenir sur les polémiques passées, telle que les ABCD de l'égalité , de distinguer « éducation à l'égalité » et « pédagogie de l'égalité », et de montrer à quel point une formation initiale obligatoire et évaluée est indispensable pour former les futurs enseignant-e-s à une pédagogie de l'égalité
Balzac et le cénacle hugolien. Un point d’histoire du romantisme
Authors: Brix Michel 
Published: July 2016

En 1853, Alexandre Dumas évoque Balzac en ces termes : « Ce n’était ni un ami, ni un frère, c’était plutôt un rival, presque un ennemi. » Aujourd’hui, on ne peut plus guère comprendre une telle déclaration, tant notre regard sur le romantisme a été modelé par le Victor Hugo raconté par un témoin de sa vie . Cet ouvrage fait de Balzac, à la fin des années 1820, un visiteur du cénacle de la rue Notre-Dame-des-Champs et – à l’instar de Dumas à l’époque – un soutien de Hugo (Balzac aurait été présent à la lecture de Marion de Lorme puis à la création d’ Hernani ). Mais faut-il accorder du crédit à ces affirmations ? Le recoupement des témoignages montre que non. Balzac n’a pas rejoint, autour de 1829, les cohortes hugoliennes. Extérieur au mouvement des réformateurs, il a pu ainsi être perçu, au fur et à mesure qu’avançaient les années 1830, comme le rival voire effectivement comme l'« ennemi » des anciens membres du cénacle.
Le déficit d’empathie chez l’adolescent : comment le caractériser et l’évaluer cliniquement ? Revue de la littérature
Authors: Piñon Mélanie , Forestier Aline , Diby Marc 
Published: July 2016

Introduction : l’empathie a longtemps été considérée sous l’angle des sciences humaines. Aujourd’hui, certains postulats neuroscientifiques viennent compléter les modèles théoriques existants. Contexte : l’observation clinique des adolescents qui présentent des troubles psychiques accompagnés de troubles du comportement et/ou des traits psychopathiques traduit fréquemment un déficit d’empathie. De ce point de vue, il semble important pour les infirmiers d’évaluer la nature et le degré d’empathie des adolescents présentant de tels troubles. Objectifs : cette revue de la littérature a pour objectif d’exposer les caractéristiques cliniques du déficit d’empathie à partir de sa définition et de décrire les outils d’évaluation clinique. Méthode : la population cible de cette revue concerne les adolescents de 12 à 18 ans. La revue a été conduite sur PubMed, CINAHL et PsycINFO et porte sur la période de publication allant de 2002 à 2012. Résultats : vingt-deux articles ont été retenus. L’empathie est définie comme un mécanisme associant plusieurs composantes de l’activité neuronale. L’empathie englobe une composante affective, une composante cognitive, qui reposent sur un substrat neurofonctionnel dysfonctionnel lors de déficit d’empathie. Trois échelles d’évaluation se distinguent : la Basic empathy scale , l’ Interpersonal reactivity index et la Griffith empathy measure . Discussion : trois outils d’évaluation présentent les critères de validité et de fiabilité pour l’utilisation clinique. Conclusion : le développement de pratiques basées sur des données probantes devra confirmer l’intérêt de ces outils pour les infirmières.
De l’apprentissage diffus ou informel à l’éducation diffuse ou informelle
Authors: Brougère Gilles 
Published: July 2016

Résumé	Analyser comment il peut y avoir apprentissage en dehors de situations éducatives conduit à rencontrer, malgré l’évidence d’un tel fait, des difficultés liées aux logiques de dénomination toujours contestables et aux résistances. Il est pourtant essentiel de penser une telle dimension, quel que soit le nom qu’on lui donne, qui peut apparaître comme fondamentale pour caractériser l’être humain, un apprenant tous terrains (ou plutôt en toutes situations). Il s’agit de penser la continuité entre éducation formelle et apprentissage informel, la diversité des situations d’apprentissage et de donner une place à une éducation diffuse se situant sur la crête entre le formel et l’informel.