bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emotional eating and mental health of nurses working in Lebanese hospitals during the double crisis
Authors: Mitri Rosy Nahed , El-Ali Zeina , Dankar Maha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and strict quarantine increased the likelihood of mental symptoms and abnormal eating behaviours. This study aimed to assess the magnitude of emotional eating (EE) among nurses working in Lebanese hospitals and its association with mental health. A cross-sectional study was conducted among nurses aged between 18 and 50 years working in Lebanese hospitals during the COVID-19 outbreak and the economic crisis. A total of 303 nurses consented to participate. The mean EE score was 28.56 (±8.11). The results of this study revealed that 53.8% of the nurses reported depression, 58.1% suffered from anxiety and 95.1% experienced either moderate or severe stress. The study concluded that females (β = 8.112, P = 0.004), non-smokers (β = –4.732, P = 0.01) and depressed nurses (β = 0.596, P = 0.046) had a higher tendency towards EE. Additionally, it was found that EE was associated with weight gain (β = 6.048, P = 0.03) and increased consumption of fried foods (β = 5.223, P = 0.001). Females experienced more stress (β = 2.244, P = 0.003) and anxiety (β = 1.526, P = 0.021) than their male counterparts. With regard to mental health, depression was associated with weight gain (β = 2.402, P = 0.003) and with lower consumption of healthy foods such as nuts (β = –1.706, P = 0.009) and dishes prepared with sofrito sauce (β = –1.378, P = 0.012). These results can help the health authorities to design preparedness plans to ensure proper mental and physical well-being of nurses during any unforeseen emergencies.
Transforming research to better support societal transition to a sustainable trajectory
Authors: Jessen Nina Toudal , Richardson Katherine , Larsen Rune 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Non-technical summary
This commentary argues that the current academic and societal pursuit of ‘solutions’ to sustainability challenges fails to acknowledge how change normally occurs in complex adaptive systems, that is, socio-economic systems and the Earth system, relevant for societal development. Such systems seldom evolve through isolated changes or ‘solutions’ but, rather, through numerous small adjustments of component parts. It is the interactions between these small adjustments that lead to system change. Thus, we argue the need for altered expectations in relation to, and a new narrative describing, the anticipated role of research in the pursuit of a more sustainable societal development trajectory.

Technical summary
The commentary argues for seeking multiple adjustments rather than seeking ‘solutions’ to our current planetary crises. Based on the belief that many of these adjustments may already lie dormant across academic departments, the University of Copenhagen conducted a series of ‘Transformation Labs’ in 2023 with the purpose of identifying the potential socio-economic and technical adjustments that, in combination, may catalyze societal transformation toward sustainability as well as potential barriers for their societal implementation. Here, we reflect on the learnings from the exercise and argue that both current funding practices and university training should be modified to support this altered narrative. In addition, interactions between research institutions and the beyond-academic world should be strengthened.

Social media summary
For reaching a sustainable trajectory, research needs to focus on multiple adjustments rather than fixed solutions.
Analyzing the structural, optoelectronic, and thermoelectric properties of InGeX3 (X = Br) perovskites via DFT computations
Authors: Abdullah Danish , Gupta Dinesh C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Electronic and optical properties of InGeX3(X = Cl, Br) were examined by adopting the density functional theory (DFT) approach. We applied the GGA + Trans-Blaha modified Becke–Johnson (TB-mBJ) technique to acquire the precise bandgap of 1.52 and 0.98 eV of the compounds InGeX3(X = Cl, Br) respectively which suggests the direct bandgap at (M-M). The stability of the material is confirmed by the formation energy (– 2.83 = Cl; – 2.35 = Br) and Mechanical stability. Primarily elastic constants were extracted for each of the materials under scrutiny, and these values then served to gauge all of the materials’ mechanical properties. The assessed Poisson’s and Pugh’s ratios for the materials InGeCl3 and InGeBr3 were verified to identify the degree of ductility. The quasi-harmonic Debye model additionally covers the temperature and pressure dependence on thermodynamic parameters, particularly volume, specific heat capacity (Cv) at constant volume, and the Gruneisen parameter (γ) in the range of 0–800 K and 0–5 GPa. It is anticipated that InGeCl3 and InGeBr3 will have static dielectric constants of 4.01 and 5.74, respectively. InGeX3(X = Cl, Br) also reveals significant absorption in the high UV spectrum. The thermoelectric properties have also been calculated vdata-element-id="9QNfR3VHbcMHX_W0fJCYp" data-element-type="html" style="display: initial; visibility: initial; opacity: initial; clip-path: initial; position: relative; float: left; top: 0px; left: 0px; z-index: 1 !important; pointer-events: none;" />ia boltztrap2 code using a k mesh of around 1,50,000 points.
Wildlife target detection based on improved YOLOX-s network
Authors: XiaoAn Bao , LinQing Zhou , XiaoMei Tu , Biao Wu , QingQi Zhang , YuTing Jin , Na Zhang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo addresse the problem of poor detection accuracy or even false detection of wildlife caused by rainy environment at night. In this paper, a wildlife target detection algorithm based on improved YOLOX-s network is proposed. Our algorithm comprises the MobileViT-Pooling module, the Dynamic Head module, and the Focal-IoU module.First, the MobileViT-Pooling module is introduced.It is based on the MobileViT attention mechanism, which uses a spatial pooling operator with no parameters as a token mixer module to reduce the number of network parameters. This module performs feature extraction on three feature layers of the backbone network output respectively, senses the global information and strengthens the weight of the effective information. Second, the Dynamic Head module is used on the downstream task of network detection, which fuses the information of scale sensing, spatial sensing, and task sensing and improves the representation ability of the target detection head. Lastly, the Focal idea is utilized to improve the IoU loss function, which balances the learning of high and low quality IoU for the network. Experimental results reveal that our algorithm achieves a notable performance boost with mAP@0.5 reaching 87.8% (an improvement of 7.9%) and mAP@0.5:0.95 reaching 62.0% (an improvement of 5.3%). This advancement significantly augments the night-time wildlife detection accuracy under rainy conditions, concurrently diminishing false detections in such challenging environments.
Characterizing myocardial edema and fibrosis in hypertensive crisis with cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Talle Mohammed A. , Robbertse Pieter-Paul S. , Doubell Anton F. , Lahri Sa’ad , Herbst Philip G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA hypertensive crisis is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Although altered cardiac structure, function, and myocardial architecture on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) have been associated with increased adverse events in hypertensive patients, the studies did not include patients with hypertensive crisis. Our study aimed to determine myocardial tissue characteristics in patients with hypertensive crisis using CMR imaging. Participants underwent comprehensive CMR imaging at 1.5T. The imaging protocol included cine-, T2-weighted-, contrasted- and multi-parametric mapping images. Blood and imaging biomarkers were compared in hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency. Predictors of myocardial edema was assessed using linear regression. The predictive value of T1- and T2 mapping for identifying hypertensive emergency (from urgency) was assessed with receiver operator characteristics curves. Eighty-two patients (48.5 ± 13.4 years, 57% men) were included. Hypertensive emergency constituted 78%. Native T1 was higher in patients with LVH compared to those without (1056 ± 33 vs. 1013 ± 40, P < 0.001), and tended to be higher in hypertensive emergency than urgency (1051 ± 37 vs. 1033 ± 40, P = 0.077). T2-w signal intensity (SI) ratio and T2 mapping values were higher in hypertensive emergency (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1, P = 0.044 and 48 ± 2 vs. 47 ± 2, P = 0.004), and in patients with than without LVH (1.5 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.1, P = 0.045 and P = 0.030). A trend for higher extracellular volume was noted in hypertensive emergency compared to urgency (25 ± 4 vs. 22 ± 3, P = 0.050). Native T1 correlated with T2 mapping (rs = 0.429, P < 0.001), indexed LV mass (rs = 0.493, P < 0.001), cardiac troponin (rs = 0.316, P < 0.001) and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.537, P < 0.001), while T2 correlated with cardiac troponin (rs = 0.390, P < 0.001), and NT-proBNP (rs = 0.348, P < 0.001). Non-ischemic LGE pattern occurred in 59% and was 21% more prevalent in the hypertensive emergency group (P = 0.005). Our findings demonstrate that hypertensive crisis is associated with distinct myocardial tissue alterations, including increased myocardial edema and fibrosis, as detected on CMR. Patients with hypertensive emergency had a higher degree of myocardial oedema than hypertensive urgency. Further research is necessary to explore the prognostic value of these findings.
Parasites provide evidence for fish consumption among Iron Age Siberian pastoralists
Authors: Slepchenko Sergey , Sadykov Timur , Fomicheva Daria , Blochin Jegor , Caspari Gino 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe subsistence economies of prehistoric pastoralists of the Eurasian steppes have long been viewed through an oversimplified model of reliance on domesticated animals. This conceptualization has begun to shift dramatically through the introduction of scientific analyses, pivoting towards an evidence-based interpretation of economic flexibility and adaptive heterogeneity. Here we provide insights into the dietary practices of Iron Age pastoralists in Siberia through an archaeoparasitological analysis. Soil samples from the Tunnug 1 site in southern Siberia reveal the presence of helminth eggs of Taenia sp. (likely), Trichuris sp., and Dibothriocephalus sp. This indicates that the diet of the analysed prehistoric population might have included beef and did include freshwater fish, occasionally consumed in undercooked or raw form. Despite the primary reliance on pastoralism and possibly small-scale millet agriculture, these populations engaged in diverse dietary practices, including fish consumption. Additionally, the presence of Trichuris sp. eggs points to poor sanitary conditions, possible consumption of contaminated plant foods, and the contamination of drinking water with feces. By providing direct evidence of dietary habits, archaeoparasitology complements isotopic analyses and contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the subsistence strategies.
Structure of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase P2 from the cystovirus φ8
Authors: Latimer-Smith Merlyn , Salgado Paula S. , Forsyth Ismay , Makeyev Eugene , Poranen Minna M. , Stuart Dave I. , Grimes Jonathan M. , El Omari Kamel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe replication of RNA viruses relies on the activity of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases (RdRps). Despite large variations in their genomic sequences, viral RdRps share a common architecture generally known as a closed right hand. The P2 polymerase of cystovirus φ6 is currently among the best characterized viral RdRps. This polymerase is responsible for carrying out both replication and transcription of the viral double-stranded RNA genome using de novo initiation. Despite the extensive biochemical and structural studies conducted on φ6 P2, further structural information on other cystoviral RdRps is crucial to elucidate the structural and functional diversity of viral RdRps. Here, we have determined the atomic X-ray structure of the RdRp P2 from the φ6-related cystovirus φ8 at 3Å resolution. This structure completes the existing set of structural information on the φ8 polymerase complex and sheds light on the difference and similarities with related cystoviral RdRps.
Prophylaxie et Orthodontie : zoom sur l’espace interdentaire
Authors: Bourgeois Denis , Mazur Marta 
Published: October 2024

L’espace interdentaire constitue une niche écologique unique propice à l’accumulation de biofilm dysbiotique. Chez les adolescents et jeunes adultes, ces espaces abritent des bactéries pathogènes parodontales. L’ anatomie de l’embrasure interdentaire de type I, observée à ces âges, empêche l’accès des dispositifs de nettoyage traditionnels que sont les brosses à dents et les bains de bouche. De même, les bagues et fils orthodontiques peuvent compliquer l’accès aux espaces en impactant l’inflammation et l’hyperplasie des papilles.
Le traitement orthodontique modifie la position des dents et, par conséquent, les espaces interdentaires. Cette dynamique nécessite une adaptation continue des dispositifs de nettoyage. Les brossettes interdentaires calibrées permettent une désorganisation du biofilm sur l’intégralité des surfaces dentaires et gingivales et sont adaptées aux variations anatomiques induites par le traitement.
En conclusion, une hygiène interdentaire adaptée, supervisée et enseignée par des professionnels de santé – orthodontiste et omnipraticien-, est impérative pour prévenir les déséquilibres microbiens, faciliter la cicatrisation et la régénération des tissus gingivaux et osseux, minimiser les complications des traitements orthodontiques pouvant influencer la durée et l’efficacité de la prise en charge. Adaptées aux besoins spécifiques des patients, les brossettes représentent une technique efficace pour réguler la symbiose du microbiote certes, pendant le traitement orthodontique, mais également tout au long de la vie.
Évaluation de la capacité de discernement de patients âgés demandant l’assistance au suicide. Premiers enseignements d’une expérience genevoise
Authors: Fredouille Jérôme 
Published: October 2024

Nos fonctions de psychiatre responsable de la liaison psychiatrique en gériatrie nous conduisent à devoir évaluer la capacité de discernement de patients âgés demandant l’assistance au suicide. Les enseignements de cette activité sont de plusieurs ordres. Tout d’abord, il est utile de posséder un canevas de questions permettant de guider la pensée. Il sera tout aussi nécessaire de s’enquérir des événements de vie du patient afin de mieux distinguer ce qui relève d’un désordre psychique corrigeable de ce qui s’inscrit dans l’histoire du sujet. Apparaitront ainsi plus clairement : les mouvements ambivalents du sujet à l’égard de la mort, l’épineuse question de la dépendance et son rapport étroit à l’enfance du sujet, la thématique du respect de la dignité, plutôt avancée par les proches et les équipes en écho au socius que par les patients, l’étonnante question financière, et enfin ce climat d’urgence à « trouver une solution » qui succède à la paralysie des soins entrepris. Un dispositif d’évaluation devrait, à notre sens, être constitué d’un binôme de médecins et bénéficier d’un espace de supervision permettant de partager la charge émotionnelle inhérente à cette fonction.
Improved LPAstar algorithm for power station cabinet wiring
Authors: Xu Chenglin , Su Hu , Zhang Ning , Zhu Hongwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Aiming at the complex constraints of cable layout in power plant cabinets and the low efficiency of manual design, an improved Lifelong Planning Astar algorithm (LPAstar) is proposed. By constructing a corner-length feature fusion model, the cable length and number of corners are constrained to reduce wiring costs and cable damage. The spatial minimum bounding box algorithm is employed to avoid cable suspension. Continuous incentive factors are introduced to improve algorithm efficiency. In post-processing, smoothing strategy and wire harness dispersion strategy are used to avoid excessive cable bending and ensure the standardization of wiring. The simulation experiment results show that compared with the traditional Astar algorithm, the routing length and number of corners are reduced by 27% and 65%, respectively. The generation efficiency is 84% and 87% higher than the Astar algorithm and the original LPAstar algorithm, respectively.
Trajectory tracking control based on deep reinforcement learning and ensemble random network distillation for robotic manipulator
Authors: Hu Jintao , Wang Fujie , Yi Jiahao , Li Xing , Xie Zhongye 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In general, the trajectory tracking of robotic manipulator is exceptionally challenging due to the complex and strongly coupled mechanical architecture. In this paper, precise track control of the robotic manipulator is formulated as a dense reward problem for reinforcement learning(RL). A deep RL(DRL) approach combining the soft actor-critic (SAC) algorithm and ensemble random network distillation (ERND) is proposed to address the tracking control problem for robotic manipulator. Firstly, an ERND model is designed, consisting of a module list of multiple RND models. Each RND model obtains the error by learning the target features and the predicted features of the environment. The resulting error serves as internal rewards that drive the robotic agent to explore unknown and unpredictable environmental states. The ensemble model obtains the total internal reward by summing the internal rewards of each RND model, thereby obtaining more accurately reflecting the characteristics of the manipulator in tracking control tasks and improving control performance. Secondly, combining the SAC algorithm with ERND facilitates more robust exploration capabilities in environments with input saturation and joint angle constraints, thereby enabling faster learning of effective policies and enhancing the performance and efficiency of robotic manipulator tracking control tasks. Finally, the simulation results demonstrate that the robotic manipulator tracking control task is effectively completed in dense reward problems through the combination of the SAC algorithm and ERND.
Symbol time compression for OFDM spectral efficiency in visible light communication
Authors: Elbakry Mohamed S. , Hashima Sherief , El Halawany Basem M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In recent times, the visible light communication (VLC) schemes show high data rates capabilities. In intensity modulation and direct detection (IM-DD), the intensity of the light beam from a laser or LED is modulated directly by information bits, without requiring phase information. Various orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) forms can be used to address channel distortions for IM/DD channels in VLC system. Those forms include asymmetrically clipped optical OFDM (ACO-OFDM) and direct current biased optical OFDM (DCO-OFDM). However, both DCO-OFDM and ACO-OFDM systems suffer from spectral in-efficiency. For the sake of improving the spectral efficiency of OFDM based on VLC, the symbol time compression (STC) scheme is presented in this work. Moreover, computational complexity analysis is derived. Montecarlo simulations show that the proposed system improves the throughput of the VLC OFDM system, albeit at the expense of the BER performance. Furthermore, the suggested systems exhibit a notable reduction in computational complexity in compared with to conventional systems.
Bilayer Real Time Multi-Robot Communication Maintenance Deployment Framework for Robot Swarms
Authors: Deng Beiming , Xia Lijia , Cheng Hui 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The communication maintenance problem of robot swarms is important to multi-robot control in applications like rescue and area exploration. In this paper, we propose a robot-relay-based framework to keep the robot swarm connected from the view of Line-of-Sight communication. This framework mainly consists of a graphic calculation layer and a numerical optimization layer. The combination of the two layers is intent on blending the combinatorial identity of the problem and the advantage of the differentiable nature of this numerical optimization problem and forming a pipeline for generating a swarm deployment solution with low communication loss, low energy consumption, and high efficiency.
Support vector machine based on the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization model
Authors: Wang Qiwei 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Support vector machine (SVM) is a powerful supervised machine learning model that is often used in binary classification algorithms. As Moore’s Law approaches its theoretical limits and the demand for machine learning to handle large-scale, high-dimensional data analysis intensifies, the necessity of adopting non-traditional computational approaches becomes evident. Quantum computing, in particular, emerges as a vital solution for the effective training of SVM models, providing capabilities beyond those of classical computing systems. To solve the above problems, a QUBO (quadratic unconstrained binary optimization) model is proposed to transform the SVM machine learning model into a quadratic unconstrained binary optimization problem so that they can be effectively trained on the D-Wave platform using adiabatic quantum computer. The results show that the QUBO model can transform the SVM model into a simple quadratic programming problem, which makes it suitable for adiabatic quantum computer processing. When processing large-scale and high-dimensional data, this transformation shows a natural advantage and significantly improves computational efficiency. The application potential of this transformation technology is huge in the medical field.
TCANet: Three-dimensional cross-attention mechanism for stereo-matching
Authors: Li Xin , Piao Yan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Effective disparity estimation is a current hotspot in stereo vision research, and cost aggregation is an important part of disparity prediction. How to perform more effective cost aggregation is the core step to improve the accuracy of disparity prediction. In previous studies, 3DCNN with a stacked hourglass structure is often used for cost aggregation. In this research, we propose an effective 3D cross-attention stereo network that utilizes the attention mechanism to obtain contextual information for cost aggregation in a more efficient way. Specifically, the 3D cross-attention module in TCANet acquires the geometric information of all pixels on the 3D cross path. By repeating this operation twice, each pixel can eventually obtain global dependencies from all other pixels. Using the 3D cross-attention module in a stacked hourglass-structured 3DCNN only increases the number of parameters by a very small amount, which can effectively improve the performance of the model. Experimental results show that TCANet performs well on virtual dataset Scene Flow and realistic KITTI datasets.