bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Histamine Stimulates Ciliary Beat Frequency via the H2 Receptor in the ProtochordateBotryllus schlosseri
Authors: Cima Francesca , Franchi Nicola 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTHistamine is a biogenic molecule that plays a role in many physiological pathways via binding to a specific receptor. Histaminergic receptors belong to the large family of seven‐transmembrane α‐helix domain receptors classified in mammals into four distinct classes: H1, H2, H3, and H4. Despite being widely studied in vertebrates, few data are available on the invertebrate receptors, with only predicted H1 and H2 sequences for nonchordate deuterostomes. Here, we report the first characterized transcript sequence for an H2 receptor from the colonial ascidianBotryllus schlosseri, describing the localization of both transcript and protein during blastogenic development through in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Its phylogenetic relationships with deuterostome orthologous proteins are reported, its role in ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in cultured stigma cells of the branchial basket is outlined, and the effects of histamine and its receptor agonists and antagonists are analyzed. In the presence of increasing concentrations of histamine in the medium, CBF increases similarly to the selective H2 receptor agonist dimaprit. In contrast, ranitidine, which is an inhibitor of the H2 receptor, causes a significant inhibition of CBF, similar to that observed after preincubation with the specific anti‐BsHRH2 or the anti‐human HRH2 antibody. In cells bordering the branchial basket stigmata, both antibodies colocalize in the proximal region of the ciliary plasmalemma, and histamine is present inside vesicles of the apical region, thus supporting the hypothesis of a histamine‐binding H2 receptor control of the pharyngeal mucociliary transport similar to that of the upper respiratory tract and middle ear in mammals.
On the Density of Transitive Tournaments
Authors: Coregliano Leonardo Nagami , Razborov Alexander A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe prove that for every fixed k, the number of occurrences of the transitive tournament Trk of order k in a tournament on n vertices is asymptotically minimized when is random. In the opposite direction, we show that any sequence of tournaments achieving this minimum for any fixed is necessarily quasirandom. We present several other characterizations of quasirandom tournaments nicely complementing previously known results and relatively easily following from our proof techniques.
Highly Connected Infinite Digraphs Without Edge‐Disjoint Back and Forth Paths Between a Certain Vertex Pair
Authors: Joó Attila 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe construct for all a k‐edge‐connected digraph D with such that there are no edge‐disjoint and paths. We use in our construction “self‐similar” graphs which technique could be useful in other problems as well.
Advanced compensation technologies for large‐sized UHD OLED TVs
Authors: Takasugi Shinji , Shin Hong‐Jae , Chang Min‐Kyu , Ko Sam‐Min , Park Hyo‐Jin , Lee Jeong‐Pyo , Kim Han‐Seop , Oh Chang‐Ho 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we present novel organic light‐emitting diode (OLED) display panel compensation technologies for large‐sized ultra‐high‐definition OLED TVs considering variations of threshold voltage, mobility, channel size, OLED efficiency, and OLED uniformity. Using these technologies, we have successfully launched 55‐, 65‐ and 77‐in. ultra‐high‐definition OLED TVs.
Head and neck microvascular free flap reconstruction: An analysis of unplanned readmissions
Authors: Carniol Eric T. , Marchiano Emily , Brady Jacob S. , Merchant Aziz M. , Eloy Jean Anderson , Baredes Soly , Park Richard Chan Woo 
Published: May 2016

Objectives/HypothesisUnplanned readmissions within 30 days of surgery represent a significant marker for healthcare quality. Small institutional studies have described rates of readmission for patients undergoing head and neck free flap reconstruction. However, large, multi‐institutional analyses have not previously been described.Study DesignRetrospective study of cases from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.MethodsPatients who underwent free flap reconstruction of the head and neck from 2011 to 2013 were identified. Univariate and multivariate analyses of unplanned readmission based on patient, laboratory, and hospital course characteristics were conducted.ResultsIn total, 1,238 patients who underwent head and neck microvascular free flap reconstruction were included within the database, of which 1,204 patients had information pertaining to readmission. Overall 30‐day readmission rate was 9.6%. A multivariate analysis of preoperative variables demonstrated that leukocytosis, diabetes mellitus, and hyponatremia were all associated with increased rates of readmission (odds ratio 2.224, 1.843, and 1.7423, respectively). A similar analysis of postoperative variables demonstrated that wound‐related complications (surgical site infections and wound disruption), perioperative blood transfusion, and sepsis were associated with an increased rate of readmission.ConclusionIn patients with microvascular free flap reconstruction of the head and neck, the 30‐day readmission rate was 9.6%. Preoperative diabetes mellitus, hyponatremia, and leukocytosis were associated with an increased rate of 30‐day readmissions. Postoperative complications, particularly wound infections, perioperative blood transfusions, and sepsis, were found to be significant contributors to readmission.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:325–330, 2017
Utility of brain MRI in children with sleep‐disordered breathing
Authors: Selvadurai Sarah , Al‐Saleh Suhail , Amin Reshma , Zweerink Allison , Drake James , Propst Evan J. , Narang Indra 
Published: May 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo investigate the utility of a brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in children with sleep‐disordered breathing (SDB), classified as isolated obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the absence of adenotonsillar hypertrophy, persistent OSA following adenotonsillectomy, isolated central sleep apnea (CSA) of unclear etiology, OSA with coexisting CSA of unclear etiology, or unexplained nocturnal hypoventilation (NH).Study DesignRetrospective chart review of polysomnography (PSG) and brain MRI data.MethodsChildren with PSG evidence of SDB, as described above, and who subsequently had their first brain MRI, were included. PSG, MRI data, and subsequent interventions were recorded.ResultsA total of 59 of 6,087 (1%) children met inclusion criteria. Of those, 28 of 59 (47%) were nonsyndromic children and 31 of 59 (53%) were syndromic children with an underlying medical disorder. Abnormal brain MRI findings were observed in 19 of 59 (32%) children, where eight of 19 (42%) were nonsyndromic and 11 of 19 (58%) were syndromic. Abnormal brain MRI findings were most common in syndromic children with combined OSA and CSA without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Isolated OSA was also a common PSG finding associated with an abnormal brain MRI. Of the nonsyndromic children with an abnormal brain MRI, the most common abnormal brain MRI finding was Chiari malformation (CM), observed in 88% of the group. A brainstem tumor was identified in one nonsyndromic child. Interventions following brain MRI included neurosurgery, chemotherapy, and noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NiPPV).ConclusionA brain MRI is an important diagnostic tool in syndromic and nonsyndromic children, especially in children with either isolated OSA or combined OSA and CSA without a clear etiology.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 2016 127:513–519, 2017
Cecal microbiota of Tibetan Chickens from five geographic regions were determined by 16S rRNA sequencing
Authors: Zhou Xueyan , Jiang Xiaosong , Yang Chaowu , Ma Bingcun , Lei Changwei , Xu Changwen , Zhang Anyun , Yang Xin , Xiong Qi , Zhang Peng , Men Shuai , Xiang Rong , Wang Hongning 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTibetan Chickens should have unique gastrointestinal microbiota because of their particular habitats. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the cecal microbiota of Tibetan Chickens from five typical high‐altitude regions of China. Lohmann egg‐laying hens (LMs) and Daheng broiler chickens (DHs) were chosen as controls. The cecal bacterial populations of Tibetan Chickens were surveyed by high‐throughput sequencing (HTS) of the bacterial 16S rRNA hypervariable region V3‐V4 (16S rRNAV3‐V4) combined with community‐fingerprinting analysis of the 16S rRNA gene based on polymerase chain reaction‐denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR‐DGGE). The results revealed that the majority of cecal microbiota differed between the Tibetan Chicken and LM/DH. The microbial communities in the cecum were composed of 16 phyla, 28 classes, 36 orders, 57 families, 101 genera, and 189 species. Represented phyla were Bacteroidetes (>47%), Firmicutes (>18.8%), Spirochaetae (>0.3%), and Proteobacteria (>0.4%). Bacteroides and the RC9 gut group were the two most abundant genera. There were relatively more Christensenellaceae, Subdoligranulum, Spirochaeta, and Treponema in Tibetan Chickens, whereas there were more Phascolarctobacterium, Faecalibacterium, Megamonas, and Desulfovibrio in LMs and DHs. The cecal microbiota of Tibetan Chicken have slightly diverged due to exposure to different geographic environments. Differences in the intestinal bacterial communities of Tibetan Chicken and LM/DH were noted.
Population balance in confined comminution using a physically based probabilistic approach for polydisperse granular materials
Authors: Ovalle C. , Voivret C. , Dano C. , Hicher P.‐Y. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryA novel, simplified approach is presented in order to compute variations of grading in granular assemblies during confined comminution under quasi‐static compression. The method is based on a population balance equation and requires a breakage probability, considered here as a probabilistic phenomenon that takes into account the particle strength and the loading condition of individual grains. Under basic assumptions, a simple breakage probability can be defined in order to get a valuable result for engineering applications and powder technology. The size effect in the strength of individual particles is introduced according to Weibull's theory. The particle loading and the cushioning effect in the granular packing are accounted for by considering the orientations of the contact forces obtained from 3D discrete element method simulations of highly polydisperse materials. The method proposed could have a value for engineering purposes in powder technology and geomechanics and gives a general framework for further research developments based on population balance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of apparent properties with uncertain material parameters using high‐order fictitious domain methods and PGD model reduction
Authors: Legrain Gregory , Chevreuil Mathilde , Takano Naoki 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThis contribution presents a numerical strategy to evaluate the effective properties of image‐based microstructures in the case of random material properties. The method relies on three points: (1) a high‐order fictitious domain method; (2) an accurate spectral stochastic model; and (3) an efficient model‐reduction method based on the proper generalized decomposition in order to decrease the computational cost introduced by the stochastic model. A feedback procedure is proposed for an automatic estimation of the random effective properties with a given confidence. Numerical verifications highlight the convergence properties of the method for both deterministic and stochastic models. The method is finally applied to a real 3D bone microstructure where the empirical probability density function of the effective behaviour could be obtained. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accuracy of a composite implicit time integration scheme for structural dynamics
Authors: Zhang Jie , Liu Yinghua , Liu Donghuan 
Published: May 2016

SummaryA comprehensive study of the two sub‐steps composite implicit time integration scheme for the structural dynamics is presented in this paper. A framework is proposed for the convergence accuracy analysis of the generalized composite scheme. The local truncation errors of the acceleration, velocity, and displacement are evaluated in a rigorous procedure. The presented and proved accuracy condition enables the displacement, velocity, and acceleration achieving second‐order accuracy simultaneously, which avoids the drawback that the acceleration accuracy may not reach second order. The different influences of numerical frequencies and time step on the accuracy of displacement, velocity, and acceleration are clarified. The numerical dissipation and dispersion and the initial magnitude errors are investigated physically, which measure the errors from the algorithmic amplification matrix's eigenvalues and eigenvectors, respectively. The load and physically undamped/damped cases are naturally accounted. An optimal algorithm‐Bathe composite method (Bathe and Baig, 2005; Bathe, 2007; Bathe and Noh, 2012) is revealed with unconditional stability, no overshooting in displacement, velocity, and acceleration, and excellent performance compared with many other algorithms. The proposed framework also can be used for accuracy analysis and design of other multi‐sub‐steps composite schemes and single‐step methods under physical damping and/or loading. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A new finite element for thick laminates and sandwich structures using a generalized and unified plate theory
Authors: Caliri Mauricio F. , Ferreira Antonio J. M. , Tita Volnei 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe contribution of this work is the implementation of a new elastic solution method for thick laminated composites and sandwich structures based on a generalized unified formulation using finite elements. A quadrilateral four‐node element was developed and evaluated using an in‐house finite element program. The C‐1 continuity requirements are fulfilled for the transversal displacement field variable. This method is tagged as Caliri's generalized formulation. The results employing the proposed solution method yielded coherent results with deviations as low as 0.05% for a static simply supported symmetric laminate and 0.5% for the modal analyses of a soft core sandwich structure. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Water‐soluble fluorescent polymers that respond to singlet oxygen
Authors: Altinok Esra , Frausto Fanny , Thomas Samuel W. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTAlthough acenes with more than three fused rings can both fluoresce efficiently and react with singlet oxygen (1O2) rapidly, their hydrophobic nature presents a challenge to their use in aqueous environments. Herein we report a series of fluorescent, water‐soluble random copolymers that each comprise (oligoethylene glycol) methacrylate (OEGMA) and one of several diarylacene methacrylates, including a tetracene methacrylate and a tetraceneothiophene methacrylate. Exposure to 1O2 in water oxidizes the pendant acenes, resulting in diminution of their fluorescence intensities. The observed rate of oxidation of the tetracene‐containing polymers compares favorably with a commercial 1O2‐sensitive dye. Polymers that also include energy‐donating coumarin side chains show ratiometric fluorescence changes in response to 1O2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 2526–2535
Towards multifunctional heterostructured materials: ZnO nanowires growth on mesoscale periodically patterned Si
Authors: Gokarna Anisha , Gwiazda Agnieszka , Kadiri Hind , Rumyantseva Anna , Nomenyo Komla , Aad Roy , Lerondel Gilles 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe report the growth of ZnO nanowires on mesoscale periodically patterned silicon. The aim of this work is to go towards fabrication of multifunctional heterostructured materials for increasing the specific surface area and light absorption properties. ZnO nanowires (NWs) were grown by chemical bath deposition technique on patterned silicon. Silicon patterning was conducted by two methods, namely, laser interference lithography and nanosphere lithography. We have studied the structural and optical properties of the ZnO NWs grown on these silicon patterns. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Approach Behaviour, Stress and Substance Use in Young Adults
Authors: Hinnant J. Benjamin , Forman‐Alberti Alissa B. , Aquino Ana K. , Szollos Sebastian , Degnan Kathryn A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe investigated the interaction between approach behaviours (measured through performance on a resource‐gathering task) and self‐reported global life stress to predict substance use. Our hypothesis that high levels of approach behaviour in combination with high life stress would predict elevated substance use was guided by the reinforcement sensitivity theory (Gray & McNaughton, ). Ninety‐three young adult students (61 women and 32 men) completed a computerized resource‐gathering task and questionnaires assessing global life stress and substance use. Consistent with the hypothesis, approach behaviour was positively related to substance use for individuals with high life stress. The findings suggest that person by environment interactions are useful in understanding substance use and we discuss how approach‐motivated individuals may arrive at different substance use outcomes as a function of stressful contexts. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Septuagenarians and Older Patients are at a Higher Risk of Mortality with Adrenal Metastasectomy: An Analysis of the HCUP‐NIS Database From 1992 to 2011
Authors: McManus Catherine , Wingo Matthew , Chabot John A. , Lee James A. , Kuo Jennifer H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntroductionSmall institutional studies have shown that adrenalectomy to remove solitary metastases to the adrenal gland is safe and can improve overall survival for selective primary tumors. However, outcomes of adrenal metastasectomy have not been evaluated using large, national databases.Materials and methodsAll cases of adrenal metastasectomies from 1992 to 2011 were identified in the HCUP‐NIS database. The primary endpoint analyzed was death during the same hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included length of stay (LOS), blood loss requiring transfusion, surgical infection, cardiac complications, and respiratory complications. A sub‐analysis of 428 patients stratified by primary tumor (where data were available) was also performed. Statistical analysis was performed using chi‐square, ANOVA, and logistic regression using Stata software, significance was set at p value of 0.05.ResultsA total of 2,057 cases of adrenal metastasectomies were identified. Median age of the patients was 62 ± 13.2 years (49.9 % men, 69.7 % Caucasian). Over the study period, there was a general increase in the number of cases performed and the number performed by minimally invasive approaches. There was also a decrease in LOS and number of deaths. However, age ≥71 years predicted a significantly higher rate of mortality (OR = 6.0, CI 1.3–26.5) when controlled for race, procedure type, year of surgery, and primary tumor in multivariable analysis. This age group had a higher number of cardiac complications (5.4 %, p = 0.005) that potentially contributed to the higher mortality rate. In addition, there was no difference in surgical outcomes when stratified by primary tumor type for the entire cohort of patients.ConclusionAdrenal metastasectomy is a safe procedure with decreasing same‐hospitalization mortality from 1992 to 2011. However, age ≥71 years is a significant risk factor for same‐hospitalization mortality. This increased risk should be considered when discussing adrenal metastasectomy in this age population.
Preparation and Characterization of Human Milk Fat Substitutes Based on Triacylglycerol Profiles
Authors: Zou Xiaoqiang , Jin Qingzhe , Guo Zheng , Xu Xuebing , Wang Xingguo 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHuman milk fat substitutes (HMFS) having similarity in (TAG) composition to human milk fat (HMF) were prepared by Lipozyme RM IM‐catalyzed interesterification of lard blending with selected oils in a packed bed reactor. Four oil blends with high similarity in fatty acid profiles to HMF were first obtained based on the blending model and then the blending ratios were screened based on TAG composition similarity by enzymatic interesterification in a batch reactor. The optimal ratio was determined as lard:sunflower oil:canola oil:palm kernel oil:palm oil:algal oil:microbial oil = 1.00:0.10:0.50:0.13:0.12:0.02:0.02. This blending ratio was used for a packed bed reactor and the conditions were then optimized as residence time, 1.5 h; reaction temperature, 50 °C. Under these conditions, the obtained product showed high degrees of similarity in fatty acid profile with 39.2 % palmitic acid at thesn‐2 position, 0.5 % arachidonic acid (n‐6) and 0.3 % docosahexaenoic acid (n‐3) and the scores for the degree of similarity in TAG composition was increased from 58.4 (the oil blend) to 72.3 (the final product). The packed bed reactor could be operated for 7 days without significant decrease in activity. The final product presented similar melting and crystallization profiles to those of HMF. However, due to the loss of tocopherols during deacidification process, the oxidative stability was lower than that of the oil blend. This process for the preparation of HMFS from lard with high similarity in TAG composition by physical blending and enzymatic interesterification, as optimized by mathematical models in a packed bed reactor, has a great potential for industrialization.
Update on the bird-egg syndrome and genuine poultry meat allergy
Authors: Hemmer Wolfgang , Klug Christoph , Swoboda Ines 
Published: May 2016

Summary
Allergy to poultry meat is rare and affects both children and adults. The prevalence of poultry meat allergy is unknown, but presumably is similar to that of red meat allergy. There is no close relationship between allergy to poultry meat and allergy to red meat. Poultry meat allergy may present as primary (genuine) food allergy or as secondary food allergy resulting from cross-reactivity.
Secondary poultry meat allergy may arise in the context of bird-egg-syndrome, which is due to sensitization to serum albumins present in many tissues including muscle tissue and egg yolk (Gal d 5). Primary sensitization to serum albumin may happen via the respiratory tract through exposure to pet birds (mainly in adults) or within the context of egg allergy in early childhood. Due to the heat lability of serum albumins, reactions are often limited to the skin upon contact with raw meat. Symptoms from meat ingestion are rare and mostly mild, whereas systemic reactions are common after ingestion of raw or soft-boiled egg yolk.
Primary poultry meat allergy is mainly seen in adolescents and young adults, though hypersensitivity may have started already at (pre)school age. Egg allergy is usually absent. Typical symptoms of primary poultry meat allergy include OAS (±dyspnea), gastrointestinal complaints, urticaria and angioedema. Severe anaphylaxis with cardiovascular symptoms is rare. Chicken and turkey meat are highly cross-reactive and responsible for most reactions, while duck and goose meat causes milder or no symptoms. Soups, sausages, and ham represent relevant allergen sources, too. Patients with poultry meat allergy unexpectedly often suffer from concomitant allergy to fish and possibly shrimp. Serum specific IgE against fish and shrimp is found in respectively 60 and 40 % of sera, suggestive of cross-reactive allergens in these foods. The allergens thus far recognized in genuine poultry meat are LMW proteins of 5–25 kDa. One of them has been identified as α-parvalbumin cross-reactive with homologous mammal α-parvalbumins but not with fish α-parvalbumins. Recently, myosin light chains, including 23 kDa MLC-1 (Gal d 7) and 15 kDa MLC-3, have been recognized as new major allergens in chicken meat. The high similarity of chicken MLCs with those from various fish species (∼65 %) might explain the clinical association of poultry meat allergy with fish allergy.