bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prevalence, correlates, and impact of coronary calcification on adverse events following PCI with newer‐generation DES: Findings from a large multiethnic registry
Authors: Copeland‐Halperin Robert S. , Baber Usman , Aquino Melissa , Rajamanickam Anitha , Roy Swathi , Hasan Choudhury , Barman Nitin , Kovacic Jason C. , Moreno Pedro , Krishnan Prakash , Sweeny Joseph M. , Mehran Roxana , Dangas George , Kini Annapoorna S. , Sharma Samin K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe sought to determine the prevalence, predictors, and clinical impact of target lesion calcification in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with newer generation drug‐eluting stents (DES) and devices.BackgroundCoronary calcification is independently associated with adverse outcomes following PCI. While newer DES and contemporary devices are considered safer and more efficacious, their influence on outcomes following PCI of heavily calcified lesions is unknown.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of a large, multiethnic cohort of patients undergoing PCI with new generation DES at an academic center between 2009 and 2013. Coronary calcification was qualitatively assessed as none/mild, moderate, or severe. Independent demographic, clinical, and anatomic predictors of moderate/severe calcification were identified using logistic regression. Associations between coronary calcification and 1‐year MACE (death, myocardial infarction, or target vessel revascularization) were examined using Cox modeling.ResultsCompared to patients with none/mild (n = 10,180; 82.0%), those with moderate (n = 1,271; 10.0%) or severe (n = 994; 8.0%) calcification were older, more often Caucasian, had more complex target lesions, and worse renal function. The strongest demographic, clinical, and anatomic correlates of moderate/severe calcification were age, Caucasian race, renal dysfunction, lesion length, and left main location. Unadjusted MACE rates among those with none/mild, moderate, and severe calcification were 8.3, 14.6, and 17.8%, respectively (P < 0.001). After multivariable adjustment, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for MACE associated with moderate or severe coronary calcification was 1.63.ConclusionsTarget lesion calcification remains independently associated with adverse outcomes in patients treated with newer generation DES and modern devices.
Experimental Investigation on Gas‐Solid Behavior in Fluidized Beds with Superfine Particles
Authors: Goshima Takashi , Yoshida Yumi , Shimazaki Kouya , Fukudome Kenta , Mizuta Kei , Nii Susumu 
Published: July 2017

AbstractFluidized beds are commercially utilized in gas‐solid contacting processes such as the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process. Attempts have been made for bubbling fluidized beds to enhance the gas exchange between the bubble phase and the emulsion phase as well as to increase bubble holdup. Low‐density superfine particles 5070S were selected with average diameters of about 10 μm. Unlike agglomerate particulate fluidization of superfine particles on which other researchers have reported, the smaller bubbles, whose diameter is less than 10 mm, uniformly dispersed in the whole bed. Additionally, the gas exchange rate with 5070S became larger than with the FCC particles. Such a unique gas‐solid behavior is probably due to the proper density difference between particle aggregate and fluidizing gas.
Dropwise Condensation on Advanced Functional Surfaces – Theory and Experimental Setup
Authors: Sablowski Jakob , Unz Simon , Beckmann Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCompared to filmwise condensation on conventional condenser surfaces, heat transfer can be significantly enhanced by tuning the wettability of the surface to promote dropwise condensation. Following rapid advances in surface engineering, the last years have seen an unprecedented interest in dropwise condensation research. This brief review highlights recent advances in theory and experimental investigation regarding dropwise condensation on smooth hydrophobic surfaces, micro‐ and nanostructured superhydrophobic surfaces, biphilic surfaces with patterned wettability, and lubricant‐infused surfaces.
Functionalized Acupuncture Needle as Surface‐Enhanced Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Sensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Dopamine in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Li Pan , Zhou Binbin , Cao Xiaomin , Tang Xianghu , Yang Liangbao , Hu Ling , Liu Jinhuai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIt is a challenge to develop a robust sensor for simple, rapid operation and sensitive detection of neurotransmitters in complex specimens. Herein, ferric citrate functionalized gold nanoparticles (CA‐FeIII/Au NPs) are utilized to develop a facile sensor based on surface‐enhanced resonance Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) for sensitive detection of dopamine (DA). The sensor is prepared by decorating the acupuncture needle with Au NPs, which enables sufficient surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy enhancement. The CA‐FeIII structure is highly sensitive and selective for DA due to the formation of the CA‐FeIII‐DA resonant structure; this indicates the advantages of capturing, carrying, and separating DA molecules from complicated samples in a simple operation. Furthermore, the practical application of the fabricated sensor is validated by the detection of DA in pretreated serum and cerebrospinal fluid of acupuncture‐treated mice with detection limits of 0.1 and 2.5 nm DA, respectively. The developed active acupuncture needle sensor has potential benefits for sensitive detection and qualitative identification of DA molecules from biological samples.
Synthesis of Cyclic Peptide Mimetics by the Successive Ring Expansion of Lactams
Authors: Stephens Thomas C. , Lodi Mahendar , Steer Andrew M. , Lin Yun , Gill Matthew T. , Unsworth William P. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA successive ring‐expansion protocol is reported that enables the controlled insertion of natural and non‐natural amino acid fragments into lactams. Amino acids can be installed into macrocycles via an operationally simple and scalable iterative procedure, without the need for high dilution. This method is expected to be of broad utility, especially for the synthesis of medicinally important cyclic peptide mimetics.
Direct and Topoisomerase II Mediated DNA Damage by Bis‐3‐chloropiperidines: The Importance of Being an Earnest G
Authors: Sosic Alice , Zuravka Ivonne , Schmitt Nina‐Katharina , Miola Angelica , Göttlich Richard , Fabris Dan , Gatto Barbara 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBis‐3‐chloropiperidines are a new class of DNA‐active compounds capable of alkylating nucleobases and inducing strand cleavage. In this study, we investigated the reactivity of these mustard‐based agents with both single‐ and double‐stranded DNA constructs. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) were used to obtain valuable insight into their mechanism at the molecular level and to investigate their time‐ and concentration‐dependent activity. The results revealed the preferential formation of mono‐ and bifunctional adducts at nucleophilic guanine sites. In a stepwise fashion, alkylation was followed by depurination and subsequent strand scission at the ensuing apurinic site. We demonstrated that the covalent modifications introduced by this new class of compounds can inhibit the activity of essential DNA‐processing proteins, such as topoisomerase IIα, thereby suggesting that bis‐3‐chloropiperidines may have excellent anticancer potential.
Male germline recombination of a conditional allele by the widely used Dermo1‐cre (Twist2‐cre) transgene
Authors: He Yun , Sun Xiumei , Wang Li , Mishina Yuji , Guan Jun‐Lin , Liu Fei 
Published: July 2017

SummaryConditional gene knockout using the Cre/loxP system is instrumental in advancing our understanding of the function of genes in a wide range of disciplines. It is becoming increasingly apparent in the literature that recombination mediated by some Cre transgenes can occur in unexpected tissues. Dermo1‐Cre (Twist2‐Cre) has been widely used to target skeletal lineage cells as well as other mesoderm‐derived cells. Here we report that Dermo1‐Cre exhibits spontaneous male germline recombination activity leading to a Cre‐mediated recombination of a floxed Ptk2 (Protein tyrosine kinase 2, also known as Fak [Focal adhesion kinase]) allele but not a floxed Rb1cc1 (RB1 inducible coiled‐coil 1, also known as Fip200 [FAK‐family Interacting Protein of 200 kDa]) allele at high frequency. This ectopic germline activity of Dermo1‐Cre occurred in all or none manner in a given litter. We demonstrated that the occurrence of germline recombination activity of Dermo1‐Cre transgene can be avoided by using female mice as parental Dermo1‐Cre carriers.
Masting in wind‐pollinated trees: system‐specific roles of weather and pollination dynamics in driving seed production
Authors: Bogdziewicz Michał , Szymkowiak Jakub , Kasprzyk Idalia , Grewling Łukasz , Borowski Zbigniew , Borycka Katarzyna , Kantorowicz Władysław , Myszkowska Dorota , Piotrowicz Katarzyna , Ziemianin Monika , Pesendorfer Mario B. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMasting, the highly variable production of synchronized large seed crops, is a common reproductive strategy in plant populations. In wind‐pollinated trees, flowering and pollination dynamics are hypothesized to provide the mechanistic link for the well‐known relationship between weather and population‐level seed production. Several hypotheses make predictions about the effect of weather on annual pollination success. The pollen coupling hypothesis predicts that weather and plant resources drive the flowering effort of trees, which directly translates into the size of seed crops through efficient pollination. In contrast, the pollination Moran effect hypothesis predicts that weather affects pollination efficiency, leading to occasional bumper crops. Furthermore, the recently formulated phenology synchrony hypothesis predicts that Moran effects can arise because of weather effects on flowering synchrony, which, in turn, drives pollination efficiency. We investigated the relationship between weather, airborne pollen, and seed production in common European trees, two oak species (Quercus petraea and Q. robur) and beech (Fagus sylvatica) with a 19‐yr data set from three sites in Poland. Our results show that warm summers preceding flowering correlated with high pollen abundance and warm springs resulted in short pollen seasons (i.e., high flowering synchrony) for all three species. Pollen abundance was the best predictor for seed crops in beech, as predicted under pollen coupling. In oaks, short pollen seasons, rather than pollen abundance, correlated with large seed crops, providing support for the pollination Moran effect and phenology synchrony hypotheses. Fundamentally different mechanisms may therefore drive masting in species of the family Fagacae.
Single‐Stage ZVS‐PWM AC‐AC Power Converter Using All SiC Power Module for High‐Frequency Induction Heating Applications
Authors: MISHIMA TOMOKAZU , MORINAGA SOUTA , NAKAOKA MUTSUO 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYThis paper presents a novel prototype of a single‐stage zero voltage soft‐switching pulse‐width modulation ‐controlled ac‐ac converter with a silicon carbide (SiC)‐MOSFET/SiC‐SBD power module for high‐frequency (HF) induction heating (IH) applications. The newly developed ac‐ac converter can achieve higher efficiency than a Si‐IGBT/Si‐PN diode power module‐based prototype due to a low ON‐resistance of SiC‐MOSFET and a low forward voltage of SiC‐SBD under the condition of HF switching. The performances of the new prototype converter are evaluated by experiment with a single‐phase IH utensil of ferromagnetic stainless metal, after which the high‐efficiency and low switching noise characteristics due to the all SiC power module are actually demonstrated.
Evidence for the modulation of nociception in mice by central mast cells
Authors: Kissel C.L. , Kovács K.J. , Larson A.A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundHyperalgesia that develops following nerve ligation corresponds temporally and in magnitude with the number of thalamic mast cells located contralateral to the ligature. We tested the possibility that mast cells modulate nociception centrally, similar to their role in the periphery.MethodsWe examined the central effect of two hyperalgesic compounds that induce mast cell degranulation and of stabilized mast cells using cromolyn.ResultsThermal hyperalgesia (tail flick) induced by nerve growth factor (NGF, a neurotrophic compound) and mechanical hyperalgesia (von Frey) induced by dynorphin A (1‐17) (opioid compound) each correlated with the per cent of thalamic mast cells that were degranulated. Degranulation of these mast cells by the central injection of compound 48/80, devoid of neurotrophic or opioid activity, was sufficient to recapitulate thermal hyperalgesia. Stabilization of mast cells by central injections of cromolyn produced no analgesic effect on baseline tail flick or von Frey fibre sensitivity, but inhibited thermal hyperalgesia produced by compound 48/80 and tactile hyperalgesia induced by dynorphin and by Freund's complete adjuvant. Finally, chemical nociception produced by the direct activation of nociceptors by formalin (phase I) was not inhibited by centrally injected cromolyn whereas chemical nociception dependent on central sensitization (formalin‐phase II and acetic acid‐induced abdominal stretches) was.ConclusionsThese convergent lines of evidence suggest that degranulation of centrally located mast cells sensitizes central nociceptive pathways leading to hyperalgesia and tonic chemical sensitivity.SignificanceHyperalgesia induced by spinal nerve ligation corresponds temporally and in magnitude with degranulation of thalamic mast cells. Here, we provide evidence that hyperalgesia induced by NGF, formalin and dynorphin also may depend on mast cell degranulation in the CNS whereas cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer, blocks these effects in mice.
Microband Sensor for As(III) Analysis: Reduced Matrix Interference
Authors: Dudeney Richard , Newman Jeffrey D. , Davis Frank , Setford Steven J. , Tothill Ibtisam E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractA portable sensor based on a microband design for arsenic detection in drinking water is presented. The work was focused to minimize interference encountered with a standard screen‐printed electrodes featuring an onboard gold working electrode, carbon counter and silver−silver chloride pseudo‐reference electrodes as composite coatings on plastic surface. The interference effect was identified as chloride ions interacting with the silver surface of the reference electrode and formation of soluble silver chloride complexes such as AgCl43−. By modification of the reference electrodes with Nafion membrane (5 % in alcohols), the interference was entirely eliminated. However, membrane coverage and uniformity can impact the electrodes reproducibility and performance. Hence, the sensor design was further considered and a microband format was produced lending favorable diffusive to capacitive current characteristics. Using the microband electrodes allowed As(III) detection with limit of detection of 0.8 ppb (in 4 M HCl electrolyte), inherently avoiding the problems of electrode fouling and maximizing analyte signal in river water samples. This is below the World Health Organization limit of 10 μg L−1 (ppb). The electrolyte system was chosen so as to avoid problems from other common metal ions, most notably Cu(II). The presented electrode system is cost effective and offers a viable alternative to the colorimetric test kits presently employed for arsenic analysis in drinking water.
Spatio‐Temporal Variations and Links between Irrigation and Agricultural Development in an Eastern Indian State
Authors: Ghosh Souvik , Gorain Subrato , Mondal Bitan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSpatio‐temporal variations and links between irrigation and the agricultural sector were delineated in the districts of an eastern Indian state, West Bengal, during 2001–2002 to 2011–2012. Cumulative annual exponential growth rate (CAEGR) was calculated for each of the parameters considered under agriculture and irrigation. The irrigation and agricultural scenario at district level were assessed through different indexes. The growth rate of most of the districts showed a declining trend in 5 out of 11 selected parameters, viz. share of cultivable land to total land, share of net sown area to cultivable land, food grain production, paddy production and cropping intensity. Overall, growth rates were found for the canal‐ and groundwater‐irrigated areas, respectively, with an increase of net irrigated area (CAEGR 0.17). Both the agricultural development index (ADI) and the irrigation coverage index (ICI) were found to be high to very high (≥60) in four districts, while two districts had very low to low ADI and ICI values (≤40) in all the years. The source‐wise irrigation utilization indices altogether explained 91% variation in ADI that was predominantly by canal and groundwater irrigation. Some missing links were also observed in some districts where the level of agricultural development did not match the irrigation scenario. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparative Analysis of the Radiology of Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures in Women and Men: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Observations from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos)
Authors: Lentle Brian C , Berger Claudie , Probyn Linda , Brown Jacques P , Langsetmo Lisa , Fine Ben , Lian Kevin , Shergill Arvind K , Trollip Jacques , Jackson Stuart , Leslie William D , Prior Jerilynn C , Kaiser Stephanie M , Hanley David A , Adachi Jonathan D , Towheed Tanveer , Davison K Shawn , Cheung Angela M , Goltzman David ,   for the CaMos Research Group
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACT

We compared two methods for osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) assessment on lateral spine radiographs, the Genant semiquantitative (GSQ) technique and a modified algorithm-based qualitative (mABQ) approach. We evaluated 4465 women and 1771 men aged ≥50 years from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study with available X-ray images at baseline. Observer agreement was lowest for grade 1 VFs determined by GSQ. Among physician readers, agreement was greater for VFs diagnosed by mABQ (ranging from 0.62 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.00–1.00] to 0.88 [0.76–1.00]) than by GSQ (ranging from 0.38 [0.17–0.60] to 0.69 [0.54–0.85]). GSQ VF prevalence (16.4% [95% CI 15.4–17.4]) and incidence (10.2/1000 person-years [9.2; 11.2]) were higher than with the mABQ method (prevalence 6.7% [6.1–7.4] and incidence 6.3/1000 person-years [5.5–7.1]). Women had more prevalent and incident VFs relative to men as defined by mABQ but not as defined by GSQ. Prevalent GSQ VFs were predominantly found in the mid-thoracic spine, whereas prevalent mABQ and incident VFs by both methods co-localized to the junction of the thoracic and lumbar spine. Prevalent mABQ VFs compared with GSQ VFs were more highly associated with reduced adjusted L1 to L4 bone mineral density (BMD) (–0.065 g/cm2 [–0.087 to –0.042]), femoral neck BMD (–0.051 g/cm2 [–0.065 to –0.036]), and total hip BMD (–0.059 g/cm2 [–0.076 to –0.041]). Prevalent mABQ VFs compared with prevalent GSQ were also more highly associated with incident VF by GSQ (odds ratio [OR] = 3.3 [2.2–5.0]), incident VF by mABQ (9.0 [5.3–15.3]), and incident non-vertebral major osteoporotic fractures (1.9 [1.2–3.0]). Grade 1 mABQ VFs, but not grade 1 GSQ VFs, were associated with incident non-vertebral major osteoporotic fractures (OR = 3.0 [1.4–6.5]). We conclude that defining VF by mABQ is preferred to the use of GSQ for clinical assessments. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Antidiabetic potential: in vitro inhibition effects of some natural phenolic compounds on α‐glycosidase and α‐amylase enzymes
Authors: Taslimi Parham , Gulçin İlhami 
Published: July 2017

Abstractα‐Glycosidase is a catalytic enzyme and it destroys the complex carbohydrates into simple absorbable sugar units. The natural phenolic compounds were tested for their antidiabetic properties as α‐glycosidase and α‐amylase inhibitors. The phenolic compounds investigated in this study have been used as antidiabetic common medicines. This paper aimed to consider their capability to inhibit α‐amylase and α‐glycosidase, two significant enzymes defined in serum glucose adjustment. These examination recorded impressive inhibition profiles with IC50 values in the range of 137.36–737.23 nM against α‐amylase and 29.01–157.96 nM against α‐glycosidase.
Bacteria antibiotic resistance: New challenges and opportunities for implant‐associated orthopedic infections
Authors: Li Bingyun , Webster Thomas J. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThere has been a dramatic increase in the emergence of antibiotic‐resistant bacterial strains, which has made antibiotic choices for infection control increasingly limited and more expensive. In the U.S. alone, antibiotic‐resistant bacteria cause at least 2 million infections and 23,000 deaths a year resulting in a $55–70 billion per year economic impact. Antibiotics are critical to the success of surgical procedures including orthopedic prosthetic surgeries, and antibiotic resistance is occurring in nearly all bacteria that infect people, including the most common bacteria that cause orthopedic infections, such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Most clinical cases of orthopedic surgeries have shown that patients infected with antibiotic‐resistant bacteria, such as methicillin‐resistant S. aureus (MRSA), are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. This paper reviews the severity of antibiotic resistance at the global scale, the consequences of antibiotic resistance, and the pathways bacteria used to develop antibiotic resistance. It highlights the opportunities and challenges in limiting antibiotic resistance through approaches like the development of novel, non‐drug approaches to reduce bacteria functions related to orthopedic implant‐associated infections. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:22–32, 2018.
Lithium polyhydrides synthesized under high pressure and high temperature
Authors: Matsuoka Takahiro , Kuno Keiji , Ohta Kenji , Sakata Masafumi , Nakamoto Yuki , Hirao Naohisa , Ohishi Yasuo , Shimizu Katsuya , Kume Tetsuji , Sasaki Shigeo 
Published: July 2017

Polyhydrides of alkali metals under high pressures have been attracting great interests owing to the predicted pressure‐stabilized untraditional stoichiometries and potential superconductivity. We have performed Raman scattering measurements of lithium polyhydrides synthesized under high pressure and high temperature conditions up to 182 GPa. Between 30 and 180 GPa, four phases appear, and they are tentatively named α (30–140 GPa), β (30–90 GPa), γ (90–140 GPa), and δ (140 GPa) phase. By observing the H2 vibrons at higher wavenumbers than pure H2 and their pressure dependence, it was revealed that the α phase contains electrically neutral H2 in its crystal lattice without electron transfer from Li atoms. The comparisons with H2‐containing rare gas compounds Ar(H2)2, Kr(H2)4, and Xe(H2)8 suggest that a H2 molecule is surrounded by six to eight neighboring H2 molecules in the α phase. On the other hand, the Raman spectra of the β, γ, and δ phases suggest that they contain the elongated H2 that is negatively charged by the electron transferred from the surrounding matrices. All the α, β, γ, and δ phases were found to remain transparent insulators at pressures below 182 GPa. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.