bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Student nurses’ experience of and attitudes towards care of the dying: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Grubb Catherine , Arthur Antony 
Published: November 2015

Background: Nurses are the professional group with the greatest contact with those at the end of life and their attitudes towards the care of the dying is important in care delivery. Aim: We investigated the relationship between student nurses’ attitudes towards care of the dying and (1) demographics, (2) course factors and (3) experience of caring for people who are dying. Design: A cross-sectional survey using the Frommelt’s Attitude Toward Care of the Dying scale to measure respondents’ attitudes. Setting/participants: Nursing students studying at a university in the United Kingdom. Results: A total of 567 completed questionnaires were returned, with 91.9% of respondents being classed as having a positive attitude towards care of the dying (Frommelt’s Attitude Toward Care of the Dying score ⩾65). In adjusted analysis, higher (more positive) Frommelt’s Attitude Toward Care of the Dying scores were associated with time on course and experience of caring for the dying. Third-year students had a score of 2.18 points greater than those in their first year (95% confidence interval: 0.36–4.01, p = 0.017). The adjusted differences in scores were 2.22 points greater for those who had prepared a dead body (95% confidence interval: 0.57–3.87, p = 0.008), 2.95 points greater for those who had cared for a dying patient (95% confidence interval: 1.09–4.08, p = 0.002) and 2.03 points greater for those who had cared for a dying relative or friend (95% confidence interval: 0.69–3.37, p = 0.003). Conclusion: The length of time in education and practical experience of caring for dying individuals are independently associated with positive attitudes towards care of the dying among student nurses.
The Rise and Fall of Universal Salt Iodization in Vietnam
Authors: Codling Karen , Quang Nguyen Vinh , Phong Le , Phuong Do Hong , Quang Nguyen Dinh , Bégin France , Mathisen Roger 
Published: November 2015

Background: In 2005, more than 90% of Vietnamese households were using adequately iodized salt, and urinary iodine concentration among women of reproductive age was in the optimal range. However, household coverage declined thereafter to 45% in 2011, and urinary iodine concentration levels indicated inadequate iodine intake. Objective: To review the strengths and weaknesses of the Vietnamese universal salt iodization program from its inception to the current day and to discuss why achievements made by 2005 were not sustained. Methods: Qualitative review of program documents and semistructured interviews with national stakeholders. Results: National legislation for mandatory salt iodization was revoked in 2005, and the political importance of the program was downgraded with consequential effects on budget, staff, and authority. Conclusions: The Vietnamese salt iodization program, as it was initially designed and implemented, was unsustainable, as salt iodization was not practiced as an industry norm but as a government-funded activity. An effective and sustainable salt iodization program needs to be reestablished for the long-term elimination of iodine deficiency, building upon lessons learned from the past and programs in neighboring countries. The new program will need to include mandatory legislation, including salt for food processing; industry responsibility for the cost of fortificant; government commitment for enforcement through routine food control systems and monitoring of iodine status through existing health/nutrition assessments; and intersectoral collaboration and management of the program. Many of the lessons would apply equally to universal salt iodization programs in other countries and indeed to food fortification programs in general.
Anatomy of a journal: A reflection on the evolution of Contemporary Accounting Research, 1984–2010
Authors: Gordon Irene M , Boland Lawrence A 
Published: November 2015

Our study outlines the evolution of a highly rated accounting journal, Contemporary Accounting Research ( CAR). We examine two tensions (high quality, global journal versus Canadian authorship and homogeneous versus diverse research) that arose during CAR’s history, using Canadian Academic Accounting Association documents (CAAA) and evidence from the main articles published in CAR’s first 27 volumes. We address three research questions relevant to exploring the identified tensions: Where have CAR’s published authors been concentrated in terms of geographical location? What types of research have been published in CAR over the period? How well has CAR succeeded in meeting its original and later editorial objectives? With respect to published main articles, our findings indicate that being a high quality, global journal has won over promoting Canadian authors and that articles published in CAR tend to be more homogeneous than might be expected from the original objectives and later editorial statements. Our findings should be relevant to those interested in the history of accounting research and to those trying to publish in CAR.
RETRACTED ARTICLE: Tridax procumbens flavonoids promote osteoblast differentiation and bone formation
Authors: Al Mamun Md. Abdullah , Hosen Mohammad Jakir , Islam Kamrul , Khatun Amina , Alam M. Masihul , Al-Bari Md. Abdul Alim 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
Tridax procumbens flavonoids (TPFs) are well known for their medicinal properties among local natives. Besides traditionally used for dropsy, anemia, arthritis, gout, asthma, ulcer, piles, and urinary problems, it is also used in treating gastric problems, body pain, and rheumatic pains of joints. TPFs have been reported to increase osteogenic functioning in mesenchymal stem cells. Our previous study showed that TPFs were significantly suppressed the RANKL-induced differentiation of osteoclasts and bone resorption. However, the effects of TPFs to promote osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation remain unclear. TPFs were isolated from Tridax procumbens and investigated for their effects on osteoblasts differentiation and bone formation by using primary mouse calvarial osteoblasts.

Results
TPFs promoted osteoblast differentiation in a dose-dependent manner demonstrated by up-regulation of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin. TPFs also upregulated osteoblast differentiation related genes, including osteocalcin, osterix, and Runx2 in primary osteoblasts. TPFs treated primary osteoblast cells showed significant upregulation of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) including Bmp-2, Bmp-4, and Bmp-7. Addition of noggin, a BMP specific-antagonist, inhibited TPFs induced upregulation of the osteocalcin, osterix, and Runx2.

Conclusion
Our findings point towards the induction of osteoblast differentiation by TPFs and suggested that TPFs could be a potential anabolic agent to treat patients with bone loss-associated diseases such as osteoporosis.
The level and patterns of fertility among women in Kersa Demographic Surveillance and Health Research Center (KDS-HRC) Field site, Kersa District, East Ethiopia
Authors: Zelalem Desalew , Semahegn Agumasie , Tesfaye Gezahegn , Sileshi Balewgize 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Background
Fertility is one of the three principal components of population dynamics. High fertility and rapid population growth exert negative influences on economic and social development. This study was aimed to estimate the level and trends of fertility among (15–49 years) old women in kersa demographic surveillance and health research center, kersa district Eastern Ethiopia.

Methods
The study was conducted at kersa demographic surveillance and health research center in kersa district, Eastern Ethiopia. The study utilized five years follow up data (2008–2012). All women (15 to 49 years old) who have been living at kersa demographic surveillance and health research center in kersa district from 2008 to 2012 were included in the analysis to estimate the level and pattern of fertility. Descriptive statistics was computed to determine level and pattern of fertility.

Results
Age specific fertility rate was highest in women of the age group 25–29 years old (233.2 per 1000 women in 2008; 205.8 per 1000 women in 2009; 279.0 per 1000 women in 2010; 186.6 per 1000 women in 2011 and 198.5 per 1000 women in 2012) in five consecutive years from 2008 to 2012. Total fertility rate didn't show any significant decline during the study period, i.e., 4.3, 4.5, 4.9, 3.5, 4.0 live births per woman throughout her reproductive period (15–49) years old in 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively. On the other hand, general fertility rate declined from 110.3 births per 1000 women in 2008 to 95.9 per 1000 women in the reproductive age in 2012.

Conclusion
The total fertility rate was found to be relatively high. Fertility rate is higher in rural residents and illiterate women than in urban residents and literate women. Strong information, education, communication and behavior change communication on family planning should be designed and implemented to prevent unwanted fertility.
Implementation Science for Global Oncology: The Imperative to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Cancer Care Delivery
Authors: Tapela Neo M. , Mpunga Tharcisse , Karema Nadine , Nzayisenga Ignace , Fadelu Temidayo , Uwizeye Frank R. , Hirschhorn Lisa R. , Muhimpundu Marie Aimee , Balinda Jean Paul , Amoroso Cheryl , Wagner Claire M. , Binagwaho Agnes , Shulman Lawrence N. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose The development of cancer care treatment facilities in resource-constrained settings represents a challenge for many reasons. Implementation science—the assessment of how services are set up and delivered; contextual factors that affect delivery, treatment safety, toxicity, and efficacy; and where adaptations are needed—is essential if we are to understand the performance of a treatment program, know where the gaps in care exist, and design interventions in care delivery models to improve outcomes for patients. Methods The field of implementation science in relation to cancer care delivery is reviewed, and the experiences of the integrated implementation science program at the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda are described as a practical application. Implementation science of HIV and tuberculosis care delivery in similar challenging settings offers some relevant lessons. Results Integrating effective implementation science into cancer care in resource-constrained settings presents many challenges, which are discussed. However, with carefully designed programs, it is possible to perform this type of research, on regular and ongoing bases, and to use the results to develop interventions to improve quality of care and patient outcomes and provide evidence for effective replication and scale-up. Conclusion Implementation science is both critical and feasible in evaluating, improving, and supporting effective expansion of cancer care in resource-limited settings. In ideal circumstances, it should be a prospective program, established early in the lifecycle of a new cancer treatment program and should be an integrated and continual process.
Branched iterated function system (IFS) models with positioners for biological visualizations
Authors: Stępień Cezary , Prolejko Małgorzata 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background: While researching new algorithms for computer graphics, we focused on the ones that are useful in modeling biological formations. Iterated function systems (IFS) are commonly used to visualize fractals or 3D self-similar objects. Their main advantage is the brevity. In the simplest cases, it is enough to define the shape of the base module and the set of transformations to create a multimodular object. In the literature, models of shells, horns, and beaks are described. To model more complex formations, the modified method was introduced in which parameters of the transformation depend on the number of iteration.

Methods: The presented method combines IFS with a new approach to modeling compound objects, which uses positioners. The positioner itself and its possible applications were described in papers that do not refer to IFS models.

Results: We show here how to use positioners with IFS models, including branched ones (as models of the bronchial tree). The achieved models can be simplified or more accurate depending on the variant of the algorithm. Thanks to the positioners, these models have a continuous lateral surface regardless of used shape of cross-section. The algorithm is described along with the requirements for a base module.

Conclusions: It is indicated that positioners simplify the work of a graphic designer. Obtained models of bronchial trees can be used (e.g. in 3D interactive visualizations for medicine students).
Cloning and expression of two genes coding endo-β-1,4-glucanases from Trichoderma asperellum PQ34 in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Loc Nguyen Hoang , Ngoc Le My Tieu , Quang Hoang Tan , Huy Nguyen Duc , Luong Nguyen Ngoc 
Published: November 2015

AbstractTwo genes coding endo-β-1,4-glucanases were cloned from Trichoderma asperellum PQ34 which was isolated from Thua Thien Hue province, Vietnam. The expression of these genes in Pichia pastoris produced two enzymes with molecular masses of approximately 46 kDa (about 42 kDa of enzymes and 4 kDa of signal peptide). The effects of induction time and temperature, inducer concentration, and culture medium on the endo-β-1,4-glucanase activity were investigated. The results showed that the highest total activities of two endo-β-1,4-glucanases were approximately 4.7 × 10
Molecular diagnosis of Pompe disease using MALDI TOF/TOF and 1H NMR
Authors: Pakanová Zuzana , Matulová Mária , Behúlová Darina , Šalingová Anna , Hlavatá Anna , Pätoprstý Vladimír , Mucha Ján 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPompe disease, glycosomal storage disorder type II, is caused by a deficiency of lysosomal exo-α- 1,4-glucosidase, which participates in glycogen degradation. Due to the wide variety of its clinical symptoms, this lysosomal storage disorder is difficult to diagnose. The “gold standard” diagnosis of Pompe disease is based on an enzyme activity analysis in leucocytes, dried blood spots or tissues, followed by confirmation through mutational analysis. Screening of many inborn metabolic diseases normally requires also the detection of a specific metabolite. In Pompe disease, high levels of a specific glucose tetrasaccharide, αGlc(1→6)αGlc(1→4)αGlc(1→4)Glc, accumulate in patients’ urine. Some medical laboratories continue to favour traditional 1-dimensional TLC for the analysis of urine oligosaccharides, however, this method has some limitations in its analytical specificity and sensitivity. More modern and robust spectral techniques, including mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy, possess many advantages and are increasingly used. Here, the different analytical methods applied in Pompe disease diagnosis are experimentally compared.
Human genetics: international projects and personalized medicine
Authors: Apellaniz-Ruiz Maria , Gallego Cristina , Ruiz-Pinto Sara , Carracedo Angel , Rodríguez-Antona Cristina 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In this article, we present the progress driven by the recent technological advances and new revolutionary massive sequencing technologies in the field of human genetics. We discuss this knowledge in relation with drug response prediction, from the germline genetic variation compiled in the 1000 Genomes Project or in the Genotype-Tissue Expression project, to the phenome-genome archives, the international cancer projects, such as The Cancer Genome Atlas or the International Cancer Genome Consortium, and the epigenetic variation and its influence in gene expression, including the regulation of drug metabolism. This review is based on the lectures presented by the speakers of the Symposium “Human Genetics: International Projects & New Technologies” from the VII Conference of the Spanish Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics Society, held on the 20th and 21st of April 2015.
Influence of Metallic Indium Concentration on the Properties of Indium Oxide Thin Films
Authors: Kalkan N. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCurrent–voltage characteristics of indium-embedded indium oxide thin films (600–850 Å), with Ag electrodes approximately 1000 Å thick, prepared by reactive evaporation of pure metallic indium in partial air pressure have been studied for substrate temperatures between 50 and 125°C. The optical properties of these films have also been investigated as a function of metallic indium concentration and substrate temperature. I–V characteristics of all the samples are non-ohmic, independent of metallic indium concentration. The conductivity of the films increases but the optical transmission decreases with increasing metallic indium concentration. Metallic indium concentration was found to be an important parameter affecting the film properties. Furthermore, two possible conduction mechanisms are proposed.
Hybrid therapy for treatment of newly diagnosed toddlers with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: Diamond Gary , Ofek Hadas , Aronson Bosmat , Viner-Ribke Ilana , Dlugatch Yael , Resnick Esther 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background:
Time is of the essence in treating autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Intensive and effective therapies can advance acquisition of adaptive and communication skills during the lag time until entry into a pre-school program.

Objective:
To jump start treatment in very young toddlers with ASD and good cognitive potential, therapeutic modifications of the Early Start Denver Model (ESDM) were examined.

Method:
The changes involved more intensive cooperative treatments, with two different therapists (“hybrid”), reinforcing behavioral manipulations with the children. The intensified therapies were to maximize gains over shorter periods of time, dictated by limitations of resources.

Results:
Thirty children (mean age 24 m., average duration 4.1 m.) improved on their goal attainment scale (GAS) ratings on nearly all functional measures, (p<0.001). Of 23 ADOS scores, 19 improved, the average pre-treatment ADOS score was 17.7 (SD 3.4) and post-treatment 13.3 (SD 5.34). The correlation between GAS and ADOS score improvement was significant (R=0.67, p<0.001).

Conclusion:
The acceleration in social communication and adaptive skill gains in the treatment of very young children using modifications in treatment therapies already in wide- scale use, indicates the as-yet untapped treatment potential for many young children with ASD.
A comparison of the effects of reflexology and relaxation on pain in women with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Nazari Fatemeh , Soheili Mozhgan , Hosseini SayedMohsen , Shaygannejad Vahid 
Published: November 2015

Abstract

Background: Pain is a common and significant symptom in many individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS). The presence and severity of pain in individuals with MS has also been shown to be associated with higher levels of depression, functional impairment, and fatigue. It is common for MS patients and their caregivers to worry about narcotic addiction in the management of chronic pain. Therefore, this study aimed to determine and compare the effects of reflexology and relaxation on pain in women suffering from MS.

Methods: This study was a single-blind randomized clinical trial performed on 75 patients with MS referred to the MS Clinic of Ayatollah Kashani Hospital (Isfahan, Iran). After simple non-random sampling, using the minimization method, participants were randomly assigned to the three groups of reflexology, relaxation, and control. In the experimental groups, foot reflexology and relaxation interventions (Jacobson and Benson) were performed within 4 weeks, twice a week for 40 min. The control group received routine care and medical treatment as directed by a doctor. Data were collected using the Numerical Rating Scale before, immediately after, and 2 months after interventions in all three groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 18 and descriptive and inferential statistical tests.

Results: Findings obtained from analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant differences between mean pain intensity scores in the three groups preintervention and 2 months after interventions (p > 0.05). However, this difference was statistically significant immediately after the study (p < 0.05). Findings obtained from repeated measures ANOVA showed that the severity of pain significantly differed during different times in reflexology and relaxation (p < 0.05); however, this difference was not significant in the control group (p > 0.05). Furthermore, Fisher’s least significant difference (LSD) revealed a significantly higher reduction in pain intensity scores in the reflexology group after the intervention, compared with the two other groups, but showed no significant differences between relaxation and control groups. There were no significant differences between the three groups 2 months after the interventions (p > 0.05).

Conclusions: The results showed that both interventions are effective on relieving pain in women with MS; however, it appears that the effect of reflexology on pain reduction is greater than that of relaxation. Hence, these two methods can be recommended as effective techniques.
Isolated methylmalonic acidemia with unusual presentation mimicking diabetic ketoacidosis
Authors: Dejkhamron Prapai , Wejapikul Karn , Unachak Kevalee , Sawangareetrakul Phannee , Tanpaiboon Pranoot , Wattanasirichaigoon Duangrurdee 
Published: November 2015

AbstractHyperglycemic ketoacidosis is an acute, life threatening condition requiring early etiologic recognition and management to prevent serious morbidity/mortality. The most common cause is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Organic acidemias (OAs) are inheritable disorders caused by defects in protein metabolism resulting in acid accumulation. Patients with metabolic decompensation usually present with acidosis, with/without hypoglycemia. Hyperglycemia is a very rare manifestation. At least 16 cases of OAs presenting with hyperglycemia have been reported. Six of the 16 were diagnosed with isolated methylmalonic academia (MMA) and three of the six passed away from late diagnosis.We describe a 2-year-old Thai girl who presented with hyperglycemia, acidosis and ketosis. She has underlying delayed development, seizures, optic atrophy and poor growth. An initial diagnosis of DKA was made and standard treatment was started. After 4 h of treatment, the patient partially responded to treatment; blood sugar decreased but acidosis and ketonemia persisted. HbAInherited metabolic disorders should be included in differential diagnosis in hyperglycemia ketoacidosis patients who respond poorly to standard DKA treatment. Unusual findings, e.g. hyperammonemia, lactic acidosis, pancytopenia, abnormal basal ganglia in MRI or underlying delayed development may indicate underlying OAs. Determining the etiology of hyperglycemic ketoacidosis is important and can lead to good outcomes.