bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dose‐dependent association between estimated glomerular filtration rate and the subsequent risk of depression: An analysis of a nationwide epidemiological dataset
Authors: Ko Toshiyuki , Kaneko Hidehiro , Suzuki Yuta , Okada Akira , Azegami Tatsuhiko , Fujiu Katsuhito , Takeda Norifumi , Morita Hiroyuki , Yokoo Takashi , Hayashi Kaori , Komuro Issei , Yasunaga Hideo , Nangaku Masaomi , Takeda Norihiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the risk of depression is well‐known in the patients with kidney dysfunction, especially at the late stages, little is known about the exact point at which the decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) begins to significantly increase the risk of depression. In the present study, we analysed a nationwide epidemiological dataset to investigate the dose‐dependent association between baseline eGFR and a future risk of developing depression in a general population.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed 1,518,885 individuals (male: 46.3%) without a history of depression identified between April 2014 and November 2022 within a nationwide epidemiological database, provided by DeSC Healthcare (Tokyo, Japan). We investigated the association of eGFR with the incidence of depression using Cox regression analyses and also conducted cubic spline analysis to investigate the dose‐dependent association between eGFR and depression.ResultsIn the mean follow‐up of 1218 ± 693 days, 45,878 cases (3.0% for total participants, 2.6% for men and 3.3% for women) of depression were recorded. The risk of depression increased with the eGFR decline as well as the presence of proteinuria. Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed the hazard ratio (95% CI) of depression in each kidney function category (eGFR ≥90, 60–89, 45–59, 30–44, 15–29, and < 15 mL/min/1.73 m2) was 1.14 (1.11–1.17), 1 (reference), 1.11 (1.08–1.14), 1.51 (1.43–1.59), 1.77 (1.57–1.99) and 1.77 (1.26–2.50), respectively. In the cubic spline analysis, the risk of depression continued to increase monotonically as the eGFR declined when the eGFR fell below approximately 65 mL/min/1.73 m2.ConclusionsOur analysis using a large‐scale epidemiological dataset presented the dose‐dependent association between eGFR decline and the risk of depression, which highlights the importance of incorporating mental health assessments into the routine care of patients with kidney dysfunction, regardless of the stage of their disease.
Association of first antiseizure medication with acute health care utilization in a cohort of adults with newly diagnosed epilepsy
Authors: Blank Leah J. , Agarwal Parul , Kwon Churl‐Su , Boockvar Kenneth , Jetté Nathalie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractObjectiveEpilepsy is primarily treated with antiseizure medications (ASMs). The recommendations for first ASM in newly diagnosed epilepsy are inconsistently followed, and we sought to examine whether nonrecommended first ASM was associated with acute care utilization.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of adults (≥18 years old) with newly diagnosed epilepsy (identified using validated epilepsy/convulsion International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification codes) in 2015–2019, sampled from Marketscan's Commercial and Medicare Databases. Exposure of interest was receipt of a non‐guideline‐recommended ASM, and the primary outcome was acute care utilization (an emergency department visit or hospitalization after the first ASM claim). Descriptive statistics characterized covariates, and multivariable negative binominal regression models were built adjusting for age, sex, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index, comorbid neurologic disease (e.g., stroke), and ASM polypharmacy.ResultsApproximately 14 681 people with new epilepsy were prescribed an ASM within 1 year. The three most prescribed medications were levetiracetam (54%, n = 7912), gabapentin (10%, n = 1462), and topiramate (7%, n = 1022). Approximately 4% (n = 648) were prescribed an ASM that should be avoided, and ~74% of people with new epilepsy had an acute care visit during the follow‐up period. Mean number of acute care visits during follow‐up was 3.34 for “recommended” ASMs and 4.42 for ASMs that “should be avoided.” Prescription of a recommended/neutral ASM as compared to an ASM that should be avoided was associated with reduced likelihood of acute care utilization (incidence rate ratio [IRR] = .85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = .77–.94). The recommended/neutral category of ASMs was not statistically significantly associated with seizure‐ or epilepsy‐specific acute care utilization (IRR = .93, 95% CI = .79–1.09).SignificanceAdults with new epilepsy are frequent users of acute care. There remain a proportion of persons with epilepsy prescribed ASMs that guidelines suggest avoiding, and these ASMs are associated with increased likelihood of emergency department visit or hospitalization. These findings reinforce the importance of optimizing the choice of first ASM in epilepsy.
Generative artificial intelligence and adversarial network for fraud detections in current evolutional systems
Authors: Selvarajan Shitharth , Manoharan Hariprasath , Khadidos Adil O. , Khadidos Alaa O. , Shankar Achyut , Maple Carsten , Singh Suresh 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article examines the impact of utilizing generative artificial intelligence optimizations in automating the content generation process. This instance involves the identification of fraudulent content, which is often characterized by dynamic patterns, in addition to content production. The generated contents are constrained, which limits their dimensionality. In this scenario, duplicated contents are eliminated from the automatic creations. Furthermore, the generated ratios are utilized to discover current patterns with minimized losses and errors, hence enhancing the accuracy of generative contents. Furthermore, while analysing the created patterns, we detect a significant discrepancy in lead durations, resulting in the generation of high scores for relevant information. In order to test the results using generative tools, the adversarial network codes are employed in four scenarios. These scenarios involve generating large patterns and reducing the dynamic patterns with an enhanced accuracy of 97% in the projected model. This is in contrast to the existing approach, which only provides a content accuracy of 77% after detecting fraud.
Formalization in Health Care: The Role of Hybrid Professionals
Authors: Ahlgren Per Christian , Mo Idun Garmo , Nyland Kari 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis article explores the introduction of a new formalized management control system (MCS) in a Norwegian municipal emergency care unit where formal control had previously been limited. We seek to understand how and why the formalized MCS came to be perceived as enabling by organizational members. In the process of formalization key, individuals emerge, as hybrid professionals, engaging in specific choices and actions in the design, implementation, and use of the formal MCS, founded in their efforts to balance the complexities of multiple logics. A key contribution is how hybrid professionals, through their practices of hybridization, become important mediators of the outcome of formalization. Beyond the design characteristics of MCS, the question of whether the system is perceived as enabling or coercive is, also, dependent upon the efforts of key individuals in balancing the complexity of multiple logics. Moreover, we observe how hybrids at different levels of the organization mutually engage in enabling hybrid practices throughout the process of formalization that appears critical for the outcome, suggesting that practices of hybridization in formalization are a collective endeavor rather than exclusively individual.
Parents' anti‐Black messages, empathic reactions toward racism, fear of Black individuals, and perceived ability to engage in anti‐racism advocacy among Asian American emerging adults
Authors: Keum Brian TaeHyuk , Wong Lianne Jean , Tran Emma , Nguyen Mary Minh Giao , Zhu Cathy 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAsian Americans, historically oppressed and influenced by White supremacist norms, may internalize anti‐Blackness (beliefs of behaviors that minimize, marginalize, or devalue Black individuals) as they navigate White‐dominated environments to survive and seek acceptance. However, there is limited research addressing the intergenerational socialization of anti‐Blackness within Asian American communities and its impact as a barrier to cross‐racial solidarity and involvement in anti‐racism efforts. Thus, we tested whether parents' anti‐Black messages were associated with fear of Black individuals and lack of empathic reactions to anti‐Black racism, and in turn, related to hindrance in the perceived ability to engage in anti‐racism advocacy among Asian American emerging adults. With data from 205 participants (Mage = 19.92, SD = 2.64, online convenience sample), we conducted a path analysis of parents' anti‐Black messages indirectly associated with perceived ability in advocacy against anti‐Black racism through fear of Black individuals and empathic reactions to anti‐Black racism. Parents' anti‐Black messages were associated with greater fear of Black individuals, which was associated with lower empathic reactions to racism, and in turn, ultimately associated with a lower perceived ability to engage in advocacy against anti‐Black racism. This pathway was the best‐fitting model compared with an alternative parallel model (fear and empathy as separate mediators) and a model with empathy as the first mediator. Our study suggests that clinicians, educators, and researchers should target parents' anti‐Black messages and Asian American emerging adults' emotional responses (fear, empathy) to anti‐Black racism in disrupting anti‐Blackness at parental/family and individual levels.
Fatigue Limit Estimation for Post‐Peened Induction‐Hardened and Tempered Steel Considering Changes in Surface Properties
Authors: Takesue Shogo , Ono Keisuke , Nambu Koichiro , Kikuchi Shoichi 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTShot peening (SP) and fine particle peening (FPP) were performed as post‐treatments on induction‐hardened and tempered AISI 4140 steels. Furthermore, the combined effects of surface characteristics including changes in surface morphology, compressive residual stress, and hardness on the fatigue limit were quantitatively examined. The surface characteristics of the prepared specimens were investigated using a laser and stereomicroscope, a micro‐Vickers hardness tester, and an X‐ray device for residual stress measurements. The rotating bending fatigue properties were also examined. FPP increased the fatigue limit of induction‐hardened and tempered steel samples by introducing compressive residual stress and increasing their surface hardness. Conversely, the fatigue limit of the steel treated with SP was lower than that of the electrochemically polished sample owing to the formation of large dents. The fatigue limits of post‐peened induction‐hardened and tempered steels can be estimated using a modified Goodman diagram considering changes in surface properties.
Motivations and Views on State Support for Refugees: Distinguishing Between Politically and Socially Engaged
Authors: Frederiksen Sifka Etlar , Haller Liam , Uhr Theresa 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis research investigates engagement for refugees within the German socio‐political landscape. Following the arrival of one million forced migrants from Ukraine to Germany in 2022, we conducted two surveys on those who volunteered in support. The first was on general engagement (N = 2000) and the second was on individuals who provided homestay accommodation (N = 3682). Our analysis explores the driving motivations for different types of engagement, comparing individuals involved in political activities with those engaged in social‐humanitarian activities. We find that value‐based motivations impact both political and social‐humanitarian engagement, with universalism driving political engagement and benevolence linked to social‐humanitarian involvement. Further, differing motivations and types of engagement align with varying beliefs about the role of the state, suggesting that individuals engaged politically believe in increased state responsibility, contrasting with views held by socially engaged individuals. These findings are contextualized within the broader literature on engagement and migration regimes.
Value contribution of etranacogene dezaparvovec gene therapy in moderately severe and severe haemophilia B through multi‐criteria decision analysis
Authors: García‐Diego Daniel‐Aníbal , Badia Xavier , Benítez‐Hidalgo Olga , Jiménez Víctor , Juárez Juan Carlos , Núñez Ramiro , Poveda José Luis , Trillo José Luis , Vallés Joan‐Antoni 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe value of gene therapies for haemophilia needs to be assessed holistically.AimTo determine the value of etranacogene dezaparvovec (ED) compared to current extended half‐life (EHL) recombinant factors (rFIX), using multi‐criteria decision analysis (MCDA).MethodMCDA EVIDEM methodology adapted to orphan drugs was used, with nine quantitative criteria and four contextual criteria. The MCDA framework was rated by 28 multidisciplinary experts. Descriptive statistics were performed for quantitative and qualitative criteria.ResultsHaemophilia B (HB) was considered a severe disease (mean ± SD: 4.3 ± 0.7) with some unmet needs (mean ± SD 3.3 ± 0.9). Experts found ED more effective (mean ± SD 2.0 ± 2.3) and provide better quality of life (QoL) (mean ± SD: 1.8 ± 1.5) than the comparative HB treatments but with safety uncertainties (mean ± SD ‐1.2 ± 1.8). ED could lead to medical cost and non‐medical cost savings over time (mean ± SD: 1.6 ± 2.0 and 2.0 ± 1.5, respectively). The quality of the evidence was high (mean ± SD: 3.9 ± 0.9). ED was considered aligned with the priorities of the National Health System (NHS) and the specific interests of patients. ED's value contribution was 0.45 (+1 = highest value).ConclusionsED brings added value in the treatment of moderately severe and severe HB (sHB) compared to current EHL rFIX, addressing the severity of the disease and increasing efficacy and patients’ QoL especially related to the single dose and low bleeding rate. Concerns about long‐term safety need to be addressed.
Substance use in Guyana: Echoes of the colonial past
Authors: Ayres Tammy C. , Moss Kellie , Cameron Queenela 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe impact of intoxicating substances both licit and illicit has been integral to expressions of colonial power and the control of colonised populations, including in Caribbean societies. Historically, licensing laws and carceral institutions were used to discipline workers, and the ongoing criminalisation of certain drugs illustrates the transhistorical legacies that continue to haunt former British colonies like Guyana. Focusing on prisons and prisoners to explore the histories and lingering legacies of colonial drug policies in the country, despite a much‐changed international context, this article documents experiences of, and approaches to, the management and prohibition of psychoactive substances. It reveals connections and continuities between substance use, enslavement, labour, and incarceration, and their relationship both to what we conceptualise as ‘the colonial imaginary’ and ‘booty capitalism’ of the modern age. The article will show how now and in the past, the colonisers partook in extractive booty capitalism (Weber, 1930), while in order to survive, the colonised partook in booty capitalism of the streets (Wacquant, 2003).
Toward a low‐temperature sintering of carbon fiber toughened high entropy boride composite with Co addition
Authors: Huang Feilong , Wang Hailong , Fang Cheng , Li Mingliang , Xie Wei , Hu Zhangfan , Wang Hailiang , Chen Yongqiang , Shao Gang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDense Cf/(ZrHfNbTaCr)B2–SiC (CBS‐Co) composite is successfully prepared at a low temperature of 1500°C by adding 5 vol.% Co. Liquid Co accelerates the particle rearrangement and significantly enhances the relative density of CBS‐Co (95.2%). In situ formed Co2B phase by diffusion reaction bonds tightly with high entropy diboride (HEB) and SiC grains in CBS‐Co. Due to the promotion of relative density and interfacial bonding strength, CBS‐Co exhibits a high flexural strength (283 ± 23 MPa). Structural damages of carbon fibers are effectively prevented by compact fiber coating. The well‐preserved fibers play dominant roles to increase the fracture toughness of CBS‐Co (4.77 ± .5 MPa·m1/2). Moreover, SiO2‐rich oxide layer can effectively heal flaws and inhibit oxygen diffusion, achieving relatively high flexural strength after oxidation at 1300°C of CBS‐Co composite. This work provides a stepping stone for developing high‐performance carbon fiber toughened HEB composites based on low temperature liquid‐phase sintering technology.
Protective role of antibodies in enteric virus infections: Lessons from primary and secondary immune deficiencies
Authors: Riller Quentin , Schmutz Muriel , Fourgeaud Jacques , Fischer Alain , Neven Bénédicte 
Published: September 2024

SummaryEnteric viruses are the main cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide with a significant morbidity and mortality, especially among children and aged adults. Some enteric viruses also cause disseminated infections and severe neurological manifestations such as poliomyelitis. Protective immunity against these viruses is not well understood in humans, with most knowledge coming from animal models, although the development of poliovirus and rotavirus vaccines has extended our knowledge. In a classical view, innate immunity involves the recognition of foreign DNA or RNA by pathogen recognition receptors leading to the production of interferons and other inflammatory cytokines. Antigen uptake and presentation to T cells and B cells then activate adaptive immunity and, in the case of the mucosal immunity, induce the secretion of dimeric IgA, the more potent immunoglobulins in viral neutralization. The study of Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) offers a natural opportunity to study nonredundant immunity toward pathogens. In the case of enteric viruses, patients with a defective production of antibodies are at risk of developing neurological complications. Moreover, a recent description of patients with low or absent antibody production with protracted enteric viral infections associated with hepatitis reinforces the prominent role of B cells and immunoglobulins in the control of enteric virus.
Long‐term experience in primary cadaver renal transplants using cyclosporine
Authors: Amend W. , Soskin T. , Vincenti F. , Tomlanovich S. , Garovoy M. , Melzer J. , Feduska F. , Husing B. , Salvatierra O. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOutcomes in primary cadaver‐kidney transplant patients receiving long‐term cyclosporine (CSA) and prednisone were compared to patients receiving azathioprine (AZA) and prednisone. The CSA‐associated 20‐25% improvement in 1‐year graft survival in nondiabetic patients and a 30% improvement in diabetic patients continued to be noted at 3 and 5 yr with parallel kidney transplant loss rates in all groups. The mean serum creatinines in all (four) patient groups were comparable and showed no deterioration to the 5‐yr follow‐up period. Hypertension (incidence of 70‐80%) and hypercholesterolemia was common but was similar in both CSA‐ and AZA‐treated populations. Inevitable progression of CSA nephrotoxicity is not noted in our experience when CSA is used for 5 yr following cadaver kidney transplantation.
Renal allograft survival: An assessment on the age of current serum for final crossmatch
Authors: Murphey Cathi , McFarlin Linda , Morrisey Jerry , Banowsky Lynn 
Published: September 2024

This study reviews renal allograft survival with respect to the age of the current serum used in the final crossmatch. Patients' sera were divided into two categories according to the age of the current sera used in the final crossmatch, ranging from < 2 days to 28 d. Several parameters were examined: 1‐ and 2‐year graft survival rates, delayed graft function rate and the number of acute rejection episodes. After assessing the different parameters, we conclude that, barring any sensitizing event during this time, 3‐week‐old current sera is acceptable to use in the final crossmatch with no deleterious results to the patient.
HLA match and other immunological parameters in relation to survival, rejection severity, and accelerated coronary artery disease after heart transplant
Authors: Pollack Marilyn S. , Ballantyne Christie M. , Payton‐Ross Charlotte , Cocanougher Beth , Rowe Steven K. , Grant Gloria J. , Farmer John A. , Noon George P. , Weilbaecher Donald G. , Flores Damien , Young James B. 
Published: September 2024

The relationship of donor/recipient HLA compatibility to survival, rejection severity and development of coronary arteriopathy after heart transplant is controversial. Furthermore, immunomodulating protocols in these patients have not been based on pretransplant knowledge of HLA match or other immunological parameters. In order to clarify this issue, immunological data from 113 consecutive cardiac transplant patients who were at least 3 months post‐transplant were analyzed in relation to graft/patient survival and severity of rejection episodes. Ninety‐two of these patients either reached the 1‐year post‐transplant follow‐up point and were studied with cardiac catheterization or died with autopsy study of coronary anatomy. These patients were also analyzed for pretransplant immunological factors and post‐transplant development of new lymphocytotoxic antibodies that might predict development of coronary artery disease. Results indicate that better donor/recipient HLA matches, lower pre‐transplant T‐cell panel reactive antibodies (PRA) and negative T‐cell crossmatches are associated with improved graft/patient survival and/or less severe rejection episodes, especially in younger transplant patients. The development of new antilymphocyte antibodies after transplant was associated with the development of new coronary artery disease and with diminished survival. These data, collectively, suggest that patients, especially younger patients, with more poorly matched cardiac transplant donors or pretransplant cytotoxic antibodies should be candidates for more aggressive immunosuppression protocols because of their higher mortality and that all patients should be monitored for the development of new anti‐lymphocyte antibodies.
Decreased wound complications of combined kidney/pancreas transplants using intraabdominal pancreas graft placement
Authors: Tesi Raymond J. , Henry Mitchell L. , Elkhammas Elmahdi A. , Sommer Bruce G. , Ferguson Ronald M. 
Published: September 2024

The increased success of combined kidney/pancreas transplantation due to improved immunosuppression and increasing sophistication of harvest and transplant techniques has allowed a more systematic evaluation of the outcomes of the procedure. We were impressed with the early morbidity associated with wound complications in our initial series of combined kidney/pancreas transplants. We evaluated the first 25 patients who received combined kidney/pancreas transplants at our institution. All patients received whole pancreas grafts with a duodenal segment with bladder drainage and an identical immunosuppressive protocol. Group I included 10 patients which had bilateral flank incisions with the pancreas always placed on the right side. Group II included 15 patients who had a midline incision with intraabdominal placement of the pancreas. Actuarial graft survival at 1 year was similar between the two groups at 88%. Wound complications were significantly decreased in Group II vs. Group I with 60% of patients in Group I having significant wound complications. Only 1 patient in Group II had a wound complication and this was related to a bladder leak. We conclude that intraabdominal placement of the graft through a midline incision substantially decreases morbidity associated with wound complications in a combined kidney/pancreas transplant setting.