bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of Chlorhexidine Gluconate Intolerance on Driveline Infection during Chronic Heartmate II Left Ventricular Assist Device Support
Authors: Son Andre Y. , Stein Louis H. , DeAnda Abe , Katz Stuart D. , Smith Deane E. , Reyentovich Alex , Balsam Leora B. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose Driveline exit site (DLES) management following left ventricular assist device implantation is important for preventing driveline infection (DLI). While chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) is generally recommended for DLES antisepsis, CHG intolerance can develop, resulting in a need for alternative antiseptics. We reviewed our institutional experience with DLES antisepsis methods in HeartMate II patients, comparing outcomes of patients with and without CHG intolerance. Methods Between October 2011 and March 2016, 44 patients underwent primary HeartMate II implantation. CHG was used for DLES antisepsis and povidone-iodine (PVP-I) was used in patients with CHG intolerance. DLI was defined by Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support (INTERMACS) criteria. Results Of 44 patients, 37 (84%) received CHG and 7 (16%) received PVP-I antisepsis due to CHG intolerance. Five patients (11.4%) developed a DLI, with an event per patient-year rate of 0.07. Median length of support was 521 days (interquartile range 202–881 days). Characteristics were similar between patients with and without DLI. However, a larger proportion of patients with DLI had CHG intolerance compared to patients without DLI (60.0% vs. 10.3%, p<0.05). Causative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus in CHG-intolerant patients and Stenotrophomonas and Acinetobacter in CHG-tolerant patients. Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test demonstrated decreased infection-free days in patients using PVP-I rather than CHG (p<0.01). Conclusions While the etiology of DLI is multifactorial, CHG intolerance appears to be a risk factor. Our findings highlight the need for larger studies comparing the efficacy of antiseptics for DLES care, particularly for patients with CHG contraindications.
Assessment of the Optimal Operating Parameters during Extracorporeal CO2 Removal with the Abylcap® System
Authors: Eloot Sunny , Peperstraete Harlinde , De Somer Filip , Hoste Eric 
Published: January 2017

Purpose Lung protective ventilation is recommended in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) needing mechanical ventilation. This can however be associated with hypercapnia and respiratory acidosis, such that extracorporeal CO2 removal (ECCO2R) can be applied. The aim of this study was to derive optimal operating parameters for the ECCO2R Abylcap® system (Bellco, Italy). Methods We included 4 ARDS patients with a partial arterial oxygen tension over the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO2/FiO2) lower than 150 mmHg, receiving lung-protective ventilation and treated with the Abylcap® via a double lumen 13.5-Fr dialysis catheter in the femoral vein. Every 24 hours during 5 consecutive days, blood was sampled at the Abylcap® inlet and outlet for different blood flows (QB:200-300-400 mL/min) with 100% O2 gas flow (QG) of 7 L/min, and for different QG (QG: 0.5-1-1.5-3-6-8 L/min) with QB400 mL/min. CO2 and O2 transfer remained constant over 5 days for a fixed QB. Results We found that, for a fixed QG of 7 L/min, CO2 transfer linearly and significantly increased with QB (i.e. from 58 ± 8 to 98 ± 16 mL/min for QB 200 to 400 mL/min). For a fixed QB of 400 mL/min, CO2 transfer non-linearly increased with QG (i.e. from 39 ± 9 to 98 ± 16 mL/min for QG 0.5 to 8 L/min) reaching a plateau at QG of 6 L/min. Conclusions Hence, when using the Abylcap® ECCO2R in the treatment of ARDS patients the O2 flow should be at least 6 L/min while QB should be set at its maximum.
Surgery of locally advanced and metastatic kidney cancer after tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy: single institute experience
Authors: De Gobbi Alberto , Biasoni Davide , Catanzaro Mario , Nicolai Nicola , Piva Luigi , Stagni Silvia , Torelli Tullio , Procopio Giuseppe , Verzoni Elena , Grassi Paolo , Colecchia Maurizio , Paolini Biagio , Spreafico Carlo , Marchianò Alfonso , Salvioni Roberto 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common tumor of the kidney. Considering the TNM classification of 2009, locally advanced and metastatic diseases are included in the groups stage III and IV. The surgical treatment of these tumors could be divided into 3 categories: (1) curative (nephrectomy and/or metastasectomy), (2) cytoreductive, and (3) palliative. Targeted agents showed impressive antitumor efficacy and prolongation of progression-free survival. The integration between target therapy and surgery in patients with locally advanced or metastatic RCC has sometimes facilitated surgery. We aimed to evaluate patients’ response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy and the feasibility of surgery after that and to observe complications related to surgery. Methods: From February 2007 to September 2014 in the Istituto Tumori of Milan, IRCCS, we selected patients with locally advanced or metastatic diseases, treated with target therapy before surgery (which comprised nephrectomy or partial nephrectomy, cytoreductive surgery, and metastasectomy) and cryoablation. Results: We selected 33 patients who underwent surgery after TKI therapy. As for response to TKIs, 20 patients (60%) had stable disease, 9 patients (28%) had a partial response, and 4 patients (12%) had progressive disease. A total of 17 patients (51%) presented complications directly or indirectly related to surgery and most of those were classified as grade II Clavien-Dindo score. Conclusions: The association between TKI and surgery seems to have no contraindications. Our dataset provides an example of how surgery after TKI is possible in locally advanced metastatic tumor and does not have an excessive rate of postoperative complications.
Smadditizin' Across the Years: Race and Class in the Work of Charles Mills
Authors: Sullivan Shannon 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article analyzes the changing relationship of race and class in the work of Charles Mills. Mills tells the story of his career by tracing an arc “from class to race,” which includes “an evolution of both focus and approach” that shifts the terms of his work “from red to black.” The article complicates this story by reading Mills's evolution through an intersectional lens. An intersectional approach to Mills's work allows a better appreciation (as he would agree) of how he does not move from class to race in the sense of abandoning the former for the latter, nor in the sense that race is utterly absent from his earlier work on class. Race and class are entangled with each other, and with gender and other axes of identity and power, in complex ways throughout his corpus. Mills's work remains red in certain respects—sometimes problematically from an intersectional perspective—even as it takes on black concerns and perspectives. On the flip side, as the end of the article asks, can Mills's work remain sufficiently red—that is, explicitly grapple with class concerns—as it tries to add some color to a whitewashed liberalism?
Forecasting Volatility Stock Return: Evidence from the Nordic Stock Exchanges
Authors: Dritsakis Nikolaos , Savvas Georgios 
Published: January 2017

The purpose of this study is to explore the volatility and secondary effects in the four Nordic stock exchanges of Norway: Oslo Bors Linked all-share index AXLT Denmark: OMX Copenhagen 20, Sweden: OMX Stockholm 30 and Finland: OMX Helsinki 25. Keeping in mind that there is an ARCH effect in the returns of the four stock exchanges, we move on to the evaluation to the evaluation of models ARCH (q), GARCH (p, q) GARCH-M (p, q). Evaluating the parameters became possible through the use of the maximum likelihood method using the BHHH algorithm of (Berndt et al., 1974) and the three distributions (normal, t-Student, and the Generalized normal distribution GED). The results of this study indicate model ARMA(0,1)-GARCH-Μ(1,1) with t-student distribution as the appropriate one to describe the returns of the all Nordic stock exchanges except that of Sweden, where model ARMA(0,3)-GARCH-Μ(1,1) describes it best. Lastly, for forecasting the models ARMA(0,1)-GARCH-Μ(1,1) and ARMA(0,3)-GARCH-Μ(1,1) of the current stock exchanges we use both the dynamic and static process. The results of this study indicate that the static process forecasts better than the corresponding dynamic.
Dynamic Changes in Liver Stiffness Measured by Transient Elastography Predict Clinical Outcomes Among Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B
Authors: Zeng Jianyong , Cai Shaohang , Liu Jiajun , Xue Xiulan , Wu Xiaolu , Zheng Caixia 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the validity of transient elastography in monitoring the antiviral outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B.MethodsThis study included 108 patients treated with nucleos(t)ide analogues and 67 patients treated with interferon (IFN). Liver biopsies were evaluated by the METAVIR score. Transient elastography was performed initially at baseline, 48 weeks, and 96 weeks. Liver tissue was obtained before and after 96 weeks of treatment. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to examine the diagnostic value of transient elastography in predicting and monitoring outcomes of antiviral treatment.ResultsThe liver stiffness value correlated well with the baseline alanine aminotransferase level (r = 0.33; P < .001) and was significantly different among various stages of liver fibrosis (P < .001). In the nucleos(t)ide analogue group, the mean pretreatment and posttreatment liver stiffness values ± SD were 8.7 ± 3.1 and 5.9 ± 1.6 kPa, respectively (P < .001), and they were 9.2 ± 3.7 and 7.2 ± 1.9 kPa (P < .001) in the IFN group. Although the liver stiffness values at baseline between the groups were similar (P = .45), they were 5.9 ± 1.6 kPa in the nucleos(t)ide analogue group and 7.2 ± 1.9 kPa in the IFN group after 48 weeks of treatment (P < .001). With the decreased magnitude liver stiffness for predicting the improvement in liver fibrosis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.68 (P = .029). When the decreased magnitude of liver stiffness was 4.1 kPa or higher, the sensitivity and specificity for predicting a histologic response were 88.2% and 50.0%.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that transient elastography is an effective measurement tool for diagnosing and monitoring the histologic response in patients with chronic hepatitis B during antiviral treatment and can help avoid multiple liver biopsies.
Interphalangeal Joint Sonography of Symptomatic Hand Osteoarthritis: Clinical and Functional Correlation
Authors: Spolidoro Paschoal Natalia de Oliva , Natour Jamil , Machado Flavia S. , Alcântara Veiga de Oliveira Hilda , Vilar Furtado Rita Nely 
Published: January 2017

ObjectivesTo assess the correlation between inflammatory sonographic findings (grayscale synovial hypertrophy and power Doppler) and clinical and functional assessments in hand osteoarthritis (symptomatic interphalangeal joints) and to correlate the intraobserver and interobserver reliability of these findings.MethodsA prospective double‐blind study of 60 interphalangeal joints was conducted. The joints were assessed 6 times per year by clinician and sonographer observers.ResultsA total of 720 measurement recesses were included (360 palmar and 360 dorsal). Small correlations and a few associations were found. Proximal interphalangeal joint quantitative measurements of the dorsal recess showed a statistical correlation with joint swelling (P = .043) and pulp‐to‐pulp pinch strength (P = .043); in the palmar recess, statistical correlations were seen for joint swelling (P = .007), the Australian/Canadian (AUSCAN) Function Index (P = .044), and grip and finger strength (P = .037, .003, .019, and .017). In dorsal semiquantitative assessments, there were associations between sonographic findings and joint swelling (P = .010) and pinch strength (P = .027, .003, and .014); in the palmar recess, we found associations with the AUSCAN Index (P = .048) and grip and finger strength (P = .031, .006, and 0.041). No correlations or associations were found in distal interphalangeal joints. Power Doppler signals were found in only 1.7% of the sample, precluding statistical analysis. Excluding palmar semiquantitative assessments in distal interphalangeal joints (P = .623), sonographic findings were reliable (intraclass correlation coefficients, 0.474–0.857; κ = 0.390–0.673).ConclusionsJoint swelling, grip and pinch strength, and the AUSCAN Index were weakly correlated and associated with sonographic findings in proximal interphalangeal joints. Intraobserver and interobserver sonographic assessments were reliable.
Equatorial electrojet responses to intense solar flares under geomagnetic disturbance time electric fields
Authors: Abdu M. A. , Nogueira P. A. B. , Souza J. R. , Batista I. S. , Dutra S. L. G. , Sobral J. H. A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractLarge enhancement in the equatorial electrojet (EEJ) current can occur due to sudden increase in the E layer density arising from solar flare associated ionizing radiations, as also from background electric fields modified by magnetospheric disturbances when present before or during a solar flare. We investigate the EEJ responses at widely separated longitudes during two X‐class flares that occurred at different activity phases surrounding the magnetic super storm sequences of 28–29 October 2003. During the 28 October flare we observed intense reverse electrojet under strong westward electric field in the sunrise sector over Jicamarca. Sources of westward disturbance electric fields driving large EEJ current are identified for the first time. Model calculations on the E layer density, with and without flare, and comparison of the results between Jicamarca and Sao Luis suggested enhanced westward electric field due to the flare occurring close to sunrise (over Jicamarca). During the flare on 29 October, which occurred during a rapid AE recovery, a strong overshielding electric field of westward polarity over Jicamarca delayed an expected EEJ eastward growth due to flare‐induced ionization enhancement in the afternoon. This EEJ response yielded a measure of the overshielding decay time determined by the storm time Region 2 field‐aligned current. This paper will present a detailed analysis of the EEJ responses during the two flares, including a quantitative evaluation of the flare‐induced electron density enhancements and identification of electric field sources that played dominant roles in the large westward EEJ at the sunrise sector over Jicamarca.
Inmate Altercations
Authors: Davis Jaya 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The goal of prison staff is to ensure the safety and security of those within prison walls. Violence jeopardizes this main function, and inmate altercations or inmate on inmate fights are the primary source of violence within prisons. Inmate altercations are just one offense in the larger group of prison disciplinary infractions and overall prison violence. Of all disciplinary infractions that occur in prison, fights between inmates are the most common. Although inmate altercations have decreased in recent decades, they continue to exact psychological, physical, and fiscal costs.
Copper‐Silver Dual Catalyzed Decyanative C–Se Cross‐Coupling
Authors: Mukherjee Nirmalya , Kundu Debasish , Ranu Brindaban C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractTraditionally, a metal‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reaction is governed by displacement of leaving groups such as halogens, tosylates, etc. by different nucleophiles leading to the formation of carbon‐carbon and carbon‐heteroatom bonds. Besides displacement of traditional leaving groups in coupling reactions decyanative cross‐coupling has also received current attention. The objective of this work is to develop a decyanative cross‐coupling through metal‐assisted nucleophilic displacement, which is less explored so far. Thus, a decyanative cross‐coupling of aryl selenocyanate with aryl‐/alkylacetylenes, boronic acids and silanes has been accomplished by a copper‐assisted nucleophilic displacement reaction for an easy access to a series of diaryl, aryl alkyl, aryl vinyl and aryl alkynyl selenides. The best yield of product was obtained using 5 mol% of Cu(OAc)2, Ag2CO3 (20 mol%) and Cs2CO3 (1 equiv.) at 100 °C for 8 h in N‐methylpyrrolidinone (NMP). The advantages of simple operation, high yields and general applicability make this procedure more attractive. A mechanistic pathway has been proposed. Silver plays a key role in the decyanation process. A plausible mechanistic pathway of this decyanative carbon‐selenium cross‐coupling has been proposed based on UV, EPR, HR‐MS and IR analytical data along with results obtained from control experiments.magnified image
Non‐malignant respiratory disease among workers in industries using styrene—A review of the evidence
Authors: Nett Randall J. , Cox‐Ganser Jean M. , Hubbs Ann F. , Ruder Avima M. , Cummings Kristin J. , Huang Yuh‐Chin T. , Kreiss Kathleen 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundAsthma and obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) cases have occurred among styrene‐exposed workers. We aimed to investigate styrene as a risk factor for non‐malignant respiratory disease (NMRD).MethodsFrom a literature review, we identified case reports and assessed cross‐sectional and mortality studies for strength of evidence of positive association (i.e., strong, intermediate, suggestive, none) between styrene exposure and NMRD‐related morbidity and mortality.ResultsWe analyzed 55 articles and two unpublished case reports. Ten OB cases and eight asthma cases were identified. Six (75%) asthma cases had abnormal styrene inhalation challenges. Thirteen (87%) of 15 cross‐sectional studies and 12 (50%) of 24 mortality studies provided at least suggestive evidence that styrene was associated with NMRD‐related morbidity or mortality. Six (66%) of nine mortality studies assessing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease‐related mortality indicated excess mortality.ConclusionsAvailable evidence suggests styrene exposure is a potential risk factor for NMRD. Additional studies of styrene‐exposed workers are warranted. Am. J. Ind. Med. 60:163–180, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Total Syntheses of Two bis‐Allylic‐Deuterated DHA Analogues
Authors: Rosell Mélissa , Villa Maxime , Durand Thierry , Galano Jean‐Marie , Vercauteren Joseph , Crauste Céline 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe deuteration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at their bis‐allylic positions is known to limit harmful lipid peroxidation, which leads to the damage of cell membranes. Therefore, to impede toxic lipid peroxidation in retina tissue, we have designed and synthesized two deuterated analogues of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; C22:6, n‐3), which is the main lipid constituent of retina membranes. To avoid its oxidative degradation into toxic carboxyethylpyrrole (CEP) adducts, whilst preserving enzymatic metabolization into a healthy neuroprotectine derivative (NPD1), deuterium was incorporated at specific 6‐ and 6,9‐bis‐allylic positions. A convergent synthetic strategy, based on a Wittig olefination, was developed to obtain both deuterated DHA species. Common aldehyde intermediates were synthesized from another PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; C20:5, n‐3). Deuterium atoms were introduced through either the reduction of an ester with a deuterated reagent or a nucleophilic reaction with deuterated paraformaldehyde.
Rare‐region effects and dynamics near the many‐body localization transition
Authors: Agarwal Kartiek , Altman Ehud , Demler Eugene , Gopalakrishnan Sarang , Huse David A. , Knap Michael 
Published: January 2017

The low‐frequency response of systems near the many‐body localization phase transition, on either side of the transition, is dominated by contributions from rare regions that are locally “in the other phase”, i.e., rare localized regions in a system that is typically thermal, or rare thermal regions in a system that is typically localized. Rare localized regions affect the properties of the thermal phase, especially in one dimension, by acting as bottlenecks for transport and the growth of entanglement, whereas rare thermal regions in the localized phase act as local “baths” and dominate the low‐frequency response of the MBL phase. We review recent progress in understanding these rare‐region effects, and discuss some of the open questions associated with them: in particular, whether and in what circumstances a single rare thermal region can destabilize the many‐body localized phase.image
An Unusually Delocalized Mixed‐Valence State of a Cyanidometal‐Bridged Compound Induced by Thermal Electron Transfer
Authors: Ma Xiao , Lin Chen‐Sheng , Zhu Xiao‐Quan , Hu Sheng‐Min , Sheng Tian‐Lu , Wu Xin‐Tao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe heterometallic complexes trans‐[Cp(dppe)FeNCRu(o‐bpy)CNFe(dppe)Cp][PF6]n (1[PF6]n, n=2, 3, 4; o‐bpy=1,2‐bis(2,2′‐bipyridyl‐6‐yl)ethane, dppe=1,2‐bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane, Cp=1,3‐cyclopentadiene) in three distinct states have been synthesized and fully characterized. 13+[PF6]3 and 14+[PF6]4 are the one‐ and two‐electron oxidation products of 12+[PF6]2, respectively. The investigated results suggest that 1[PF6]3 is a Class II mixed valence compound. 1[PF6]4 after a thermal treatment at 400 K shows an unusually delocalized mixed valence state of [FeIII‐NC‐RuIII‐CN‐FeII], which is induced by electron transfer from the central RuII to the terminal FeIII in 1[PF6]4, which was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, magnetic data, and EPR and Mössbauer spectroscopy.
Preparation and properties of poly(ε‐caprolactone) self‐reinforced composites based on fibers/matrix structure
Authors: Han Lei , Xu Hong , Sui Xiaofeng , Zhang Linping , Zhong Yi , Mao Zhiping 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTSelf‐reinforced poly(ε‐caprolactone) (PCL) composites were prepared from bi‐component PCL yarns composed of PCL drawn fibers and PCL matrix by a combined process of yarns winding and hot‐pressing. Series of PCL polymers with different melting points were synthesized and used as matrix. PCL melt‐spun fibers were subject to different draw ratios and functioned as reinforcement. During the process of hot‐pressing, the matrix with low melting points melted and bonded the unmelted drawn fibers together creating self‐reinforced composites, the morphologies of which were examined by scanning electron microscope. Tensile testing of the composites was performed along the longitudinal and transverse directions separately. The longitudinal tensile test results showed that the Young's modulus and strength at break of the self‐reinforced composites were 59% and 250% higher than that of pure PCL. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44673.