bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Graduate Unemployment on Career Development in Ghana
Authors: Emmanuel Obodai , Dzisi Smile 
Published: October 2024

This study examines the effect of unemployed graduates in Ghana on their career development. The study adopts a mixed research methodology through a structured questionnaire and interview guide. Purposive sampling was employed for a sample of 250 respondents, including both private and public universities and Human Resource professionals in the Greater Accra region of Ghana. Based on content analysis, correlation and regression analysis techniques, the study found that the unemployment situation in Ghana can also be attributed to the programmes pursued in the universities. The study discovered that one key demographic characteristic that might influence graduate unemployment would be the age of the graduates. The study found that graduates who offered psychology, sociology, physical sciences, Mathematics, engineering, government, political studies, Health (Nursing, Doctors, etc.), arts and history normally find it difficult to be employed in Ghana. The findings of the study further demonstrated that unemployment status has a negative and significant impact on the career development of graduates. The study recommended that the majority of the teaching that goes on in our universities should be reviewed in terms of projects and skills that are relevant to the current economy and workplace demands.
La memoria de Neltume, Chile: el patrimonio que vence al negacionismo
Authors: Silva Robinson 
Published: October 2024

En las últimas décadas, la sociedad civil chilena ha sido muy activa en el desarrollo de patrimonio material e inmaterial en torno a su pasado reciente, particular énfasis tiene la aparición de sitios de memoria vinculados a los graves crímenes de lesa humanidad cometidos durante el periodo dictatorial (1973-1989). En este sentido, el relato histórico se ha centrado en consideraciones acerca del horror de esos eventos, manifestados en guiones museográficos y muestras en diversas plataformas de aquellos hechos. El caso del sitio de memoria de Neltume, en la región de Los Ríos, muestra una diferencia particular con esa tendencia, refiriendo hechos sociales y políticos que unen sujeto histórico y social, con eventos políticos que contextualizan el conflicto entre la dictadura civil-militar con la resistencia a tal imposición. Así la pregunta que nos guía es ¿Qué disputas políticas en torno a la memoria se desatan a partir del uso de la declaración de patrimonio como dispositivo de memorialización? Con ello buscamos comprender los debates sociales y políticos en relación a esta declaración de monumento histórico que evidencia la tensión entre negacionistas y activistas por la memoria. En este trabajo emplearemos notas de prensa, así como documentación pública acerca de la declaratoria de este monumento histórico para adentrarnos en el problema, poniendo al centro la batalla por la memoria que se vive actualmente en el espacio público chileno. A partir de ello haremos conclusiones que respondan a la pregunta planteada.
El caso del sitio de memoria de Neltume, en la región de Los Ríos, muestra una diferencia particular con esa tendencia, refiriendo hechos sociales y políticos que unen sujeto histórico y social, con eventos políticos que contextualizan el conflicto entre la dictadura civil-militar con la resistencia a tal imposición. Así la pregunta que nos guía es ¿Qué disputas políticas en torno a la memoria se desatan a partir del uso de la declaración de patrimonio como dispositivo de memorialización? Con ello buscamos comprender los debates sociales y políticos en relación a esta declaración de monumento histórico que evidencia la tensión entre negacionistas y activistas por la memoria.En este trabajo emplearemos notas de prensa, así como documentación pública acerca de la declaratoria de este monumento histórico para adentrarnos en el problema, poniendo al centro la batalla por la memoria que se vive actualmente en el espacio público chileno. A partir de ello haremos conclusiones que respondan a la pregunta planteada.
The Impact of Sars-CoV-2 Pandemic on Patient Selection, Length of Stay, and Short-Term Postoperative Outcomes in Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty.
Authors: Simcox Trevor , Chen Eric , Zak Stephen , Schwarzkopf Ran 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to examine how COVID-19 has impacted patient selection and short-term outcomes for total joint arthroplasty (TJA). Methods: Retrospective study of patients who underwent TJA between 1/1/2019-8/1/2020 at an urban multi-center institution. Baseline characteristics and short term outcomes were reviewed. Study groups were assigned by date of procedure. Results: 5448 patients (2871 total knee and 2677 total hip arthroplasties) met inclusion criteria with 652 TJA performed in post-COVID period. Patients undergoing TJA after COVID-19 were younger, had lower ASA scores, had increased operative times, decreased LOS, greater proportion of home discharges, and lower readmission and reoperation rates. Discussion: We observed significant differences in patient characteristics and short-term postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing TJA after the spread of COVID19.
اْلمسؤولية الجنائية للموظف الدولي
Authors: م.م. زينب احمد عبد الحميد م.م. زينب احمد عبد الحميد 
Published: October 2024

إنَّ المنظمة الدولية تحتوي على جهاز اداري، ويدير هذا الجهاز الإداري اشخاص يطلق عليهم (الموظفون الدوليون)، ويعمل هؤلاء الموظفون لدى المنظمة الدولية، ويكون ولاؤهم تامَّا لهذه المنظمة، حيث تترتب عليهم التزامات وبالمقابل يحصلون على حقوق وضمانات وامتيازات من قبل المنظمة التي يعملون لصالحها، من ضمنها الحصانة الدولية، ويتم الاتفاق على ذلك من خلال المعاهدات والاتفاقيات الدولية، عليه يجب على الموظف الدولي ان يقوم بتحقيق الغايات التي تسعى اليها المنظمة، وفي حالة ارتكاب هذا الموظف الدولي لجريمة في الدولة التي يعمل بها فهنا تترتب عليه المسؤولية الجنائية على الرغم من تمتعه بالحصانة، الا انه يحاسب على وفق مبدأ إقليمية القانون الجنائي وتصدر بحقه عقوبات منها طرده أو ابعاده من المنظمة، هنا انصب البحث لبيان المسؤولية الجنائية المترتبة على الموظف الدولي في حال ارتكابه لجريمة أو فعل يتعارض مع اعمال المنظمة التي يعمل لصالحها
التحوِّل الرقمي للمجتمع : أثرُ الذكاء الاصطناعيِّ في حماية المُستهلك
Authors: أِ.د علي جبار صالح أِ.د علي جبار صالح 
Published: October 2024

تهتم من الدراسات والنشرات العلمية في العصر الحديث بدراسة موضوع التحول الرقمي للمجتمع واثره في المجتمع . فقد أشارت تجارب عدة دول من بينها دول الاتحاد الأوروبي إلى أن التحول الرقمي له ميزات إيجابية واخرى سلبية ، وتركزت دراستنا على حماية المستهلك في عصر الذكاء الاصطناعي والتي تهدف الى تحسين الخدمات المقدمة للمستهلكين، وتطوير نظم العمل. لذا جاءت هذه الدراسة لتوضيح المشكلات الناتجة عن استخدام برامج الذكاء الاصطناعي وتقنياته، وبيان مدى ملائمة القوانين الموجودة لمواجهة التحديات التي يفرضها استخدام الذكاء الاصطناعي. كما هدفت دراستنا الى بيان الآثار السلبية لتحول المجتمع الرقمي وتحديد المخاطر والعواقب السلبية لتنفيذها وملامحها الرئيسية، فضلاً عن كيفية حماية المستهلك في العصر الرقمي، وأنه على الرغم من وجود جملة من التطورات الإيجابية مثل زيادة الكفاءة والإنتاجية، وتوفير التكاليف، وزيادة الفعالية وتحسين الجودة، وتعزيز الشفافية والمساءلة والثقة والشرعية التي أشارت اليها الأبحاث العلمية المنشورة، إلا إنه لا يمكن تجاهل التبعات السلبية للتحول الرقمي للمجتمع.وفي النهاية توصلت الدراسة الى عدة نتائج توصيات اهمها:
أولا:إنشاء منصات موحدة بدلا من الشبكات الفردية الموزعة على وفق مجالات النشاط ؛ ثانيا :اعتماد أساس أخلاقي لتقليل الآثار السلبية للتكنولوجيات الجديدة.؛ ثالثا : استخدام مزايا التحليلات التنبؤية لضمان كفاءة السياسات وفعاليته .؛ رابعا:ايضا تمكين الوصول إلى البيانات من خلال الإطار القانوني يحمي الخصوصية. وفي النهاية اننا نوصي المشرع العراقي والمشرع الأردني بتعديل التعريف الوارد للوسيط الإلكتروني في قانون المعاملات الإلكترونية ليستوعب جميع الخصائص التي تتمتع بها تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي، وايضا تعديل قواعد المسؤولية عن الفعل الضار لتصبح قادرة على استيعاب تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي في طياتها.
EFETIVIDADE DO MINDFULNESS NA PERCEPÇÃO DO TEMPO EM PESSOAS SAUDÁVEIS: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA
Authors: Sousa Angelina Ketllen Cachoeira de , Santos Renato Mendes dos , Cunha Vitor de Assis , Guimarães Beatriz Gonçalves , Oliveira Douglas Soares de , Lucena José Wheslley Rodrigues de , Sales Rikelmy Santos , Mavignier Neta Maria Isabel de Vasconcelos , Bastos Victor Hugo do Vale 
Published: October 2024

Mindfulness meditation has shown very promising results in modulating experiential awareness of the present moment. These results have sparked interest in research into this technique in the experience or awareness of the passage of time (time perception). However, there is a lack of studies that systematically examine its effects in healthy people. The objective of this systematic review is to summarize the studies that evaluated the effectiveness of mindfulness in the perception of time in healthy people. A search in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and LILACs databases was carried out from 2013 to 2024, using the following key words: meditation, mindfulness, time perception, Underestimation and overestimation of subjective time. 239 studies were found, of which 10 met the eligibility criteria. Limitations of this study encompass a number of aspects including the paucity of data available for certain categories of outcomes, suggesting a significant gap in existing research. Regarding temporal perception, no homogeneity of results was found that expresses the relationship between mindfulness and overestimation, underestimation or stabilization of time.
in Vitro Antimycotic Activity of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Extract Against Trichophyton Rubrum
Authors: Hammadi Haider Abed , Hanawi Mohammed J. , Al-Inizi Ali Hamid Hammoodi , Kadhim Kholoud Jawad. 
Published: October 2024

Surface mycosis of the nails, hair, and skin ia a prevalent ailment worldwide. They are caused by several yeast and molds.The primary cause of these illnesses is the dermatophytes, which are filamentous fungi that rely on the keratin in the skin, the corneal layer, and the superficial growths on both human and animal skin. The distribution of these fungi varies between country and within a single country depending on the climate and other variables that promote their growth. the dermatophytes are a major health risk. The current study aim to assess the antifungal activity of Eucalyptus camaldulensis extracts against dermatophytosis-causing Trichophyton rubrum. Three species of dermatophyte (Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophyte and Microsporum canis) were isolated from patients; Trichophyton rubrum was the most common type of fungus. The acquired results demonstrated that, in comparison to the controls, Trichophyton rubrumś mycelium growth was impacted by both aqueous and ethanolic extract. Additionally, it was discovered that when tested against Trichophyton rubrum, ethanolic extracts exhibited the greatest growth suppression.
Interleukin 1β And Interleukin-6 and Some Oxidants in Patients With Stable Angina
Authors: Saeed Haider Zahi , Thuwaini Mahdi M. , Al-Snafi Ali Esmail 
Published: October 2024

ROS play an essential physiological roles in the cellular homoeostasis and cell signaling under normal circumstances. The overexpression of ROS was involved in the pathological events of several diseases, including cardiovascular, because they cause damage to many cell structures.This study aims to evaluate the levels of inflammatory biomarkers, [interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β)] in stable angina patients and their relationship with oxidative stress. The current study is a case-control one performed on 88 patients with stable angina and 44 people as a control group attending the Nasiriyah Heart Center from August 2023 to March 2024. All cases were diagnosed by cardiologists and confirmed by laboratory investigations. Blood samples (10 ml) were collected from patients. Serum was isolated after centrifugation and stored at -20°C. Serum CK-MB, MYO and Trop I were determined by electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay. While, the ELISA was employed to assess the levels of human IL-6, human IL-1 β, SOD, (GSH-Px/ GPX), total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and HDL, using the kits from Solarbio, China. The patients with stable angina didn’t show significant variation in the serum level of troponin I and CK-MB in comparison with control, while serum myoglobin level was significantly increased in patients with stable angina compared to control. Although the level of total cholesterol was insignificantly increased, but the levels of triglyceride (TG), VLDL-C and LDL-C were significantly increased, while the serum level of HDL-C was significantly declined in comparison with control. The serum levels IL-6 and IL-1β, in addition to activities of SOD and GPx were increased significantly in patients of angina compared to control. We could conclude that IL-1β, IL-6, SOD and GPx are increased in stable angina. Inflammatory events and oxidative stress could play an important roles in initiation of atherosclerosis and subsequent angina.
Biosynthetic Sesame Oil and Nano Titanium Dioxide As a Therapy For Second Degree Burns
Authors: Abbood Osamah Riyadh , Alzubaidy Mohanad W. Mahdi , AL-Shammari Ahmed Majeed 
Published: October 2024

As the healing of burn wounds delay that affect the skin and lead to tearing and damage to its parts, as well as the remaining traces and scars on the skin because of exposure to heat, radiation, radioactivity, electricity, friction, or contact with chemicals, it has become necessary to investigate and discover effective medicines. Burns that affect the skin have an important purpose, Therefore, it is important to continue studying and experimenting with new and effective medicines, including effective nanomaterials, to reach efficient treatments to treat such injuries. In the current study, nanoparticles of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were prepared, and this material was examined using a device a Field Emission Electron Scanning Microscope (FE-SEM). The results obtained were on the nanoscale, with sizes ranging from (31.52-69.08) nanometers. The effectiveness and effect of biosynthetic nanomaterials and sesame seeds were investigated in vivo at a concentration of 1% TiO2 and 20% sesame oil on burns in the skin of laboratory rats and compared with a control group of natural skin of the same type of laboratory rats. They were also compared with rats treated with Mebo ointment. Randomly, 18 rats were put into three equal groups and treated once daily for 28 days. The results of the study showed effective activity and a noticeable speed in the healing of burns that affected the skin of laboratory rats using a nano-titanium dioxide preparation supported by sesame seed extract whose burn mean amounted to 0.005 compared to the control treatment, whose burn mean was 2.443. According to the current study's findings, using biosynthetic nano-titanium dioxide and sesame oil together results in better burn wound healing than using each of them separately.
Synergistic Effect of Aloe Vera L. Extract Methanolic With Some Antibiotics Against S. Aureus, E-Coli and Klebslia Isolated From the Eye Affected by Inflammation
Authors: Khazraji Nagham Naseif Jassim Al , Al-juboory Yassien Hussain Owaied , Hassan Rashid Hamid 
Published: October 2024

The current study included the collection of (300) samples from (150) people from patients visiting Balad General Hospital and some private clinics in Balad District - Salah Al-Din Governorate, a sample was taken from both the right and left eyes using special dry and sterile cotton swabs that can be disposed of later, for the period ranging from November 2022 to January 2023, (235) positive samples for bacterial growth were obtained, constituting 78.3% of the total samples collected, positive growth samples were diagnosed depending on their morphological, farming and biochemical properties, and the diagnosis was confirmed for a number of them using the Vitek2 system technology. The results showed obtaining 140 isolates out of a total of (235) positive samples for the Gram stain by (59.6%), while the negative isolates of the Gram stain were (95) isolates and amounted to (40.4%) of the total isolates, S. aureus was 27.65% and E-coli 10.63%, while Klebsiella was 8.51% of the total bacterial isolates isolated from the eye, including (staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus, Streptococcus Viridians, Diphtheria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella, E-coli, Neisseria). The results showed the synergistic effect of the alcoholic extract (methanol) of the aloe vera plant (Aloe Vera L.) with antibiotics a significant effect compared to methanol alcoholic extract alone, the results of the study also showed that the antibiotic Ciprofloxone synergistically with the alcoholic extract methanolic of the aloe vera plant (Aloe Vera L.) it had the highest effect already synergistically with most of the bacterial species under study.
Microbial Sampling and Analysis taken from Laboratory white Coats Staff Working at Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital
Authors: Jameel Sarab K. , Younus Zakaria Y. , Hamid Marwan M. , Raheed Elaf A. , Mijwil Hanin Y. , Tawfeeq Waleed A. 
Published: October 2024

Lab coats are protective elements to people working in health care and researches that separates them from pollutants. However, if not properly used, it can be a source of multiple microbiological contaminations. This study was done at AL-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital-Baghdad, during from 15th November 2023 to 15th March 2024. It was designed to find the most common bacteria, fungi and yeasts that might be present on staff lab coats. 53 samples (106 swabs) were cultured after collected from the sleeves and pockets of staff Lab coats and observed the antimicrobial susceptibility in lab swabs culture for 14 isolates out of 106 swabs belonged to Gram positive bacteria and sensitivity patterns against 16 antimicrobials. Gram positive bacteria found to be the most common organisms in lab coats represented by Microbiology unit with 71.4%, followed by Phlebotomy units 21.4% , which represented by Coagulase-negative Staphylococci(CoNS) Staphylococcus epidermidis (43.9%),Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Staphylococcus warneri (21.4% ,14.3%) respectively. , It turns out, higher bacteria growth in female Lab coats )85.7%( than in male )14.3% (and in sleeves )15.1%( than in pockets(11.3%) ,in addition , increased response to sensitivity test for antibiotics , especially Tigecycline antibiotic 100% ,Gentamycin, Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Teicoplanin and Rifampicin (92.9%),as well others but in varying degrees , and not any type of fungi were isolated. In conclusion, Gram positive bacteria population was the most common organisms, higher prevalence of microbial infection in female than in men and increased of antibiotic sensitivity specially Tigecycline antibiotic, however, should proper maintenance and educational practices must be applied to minimize contamination.
Seroprevalence Of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Cattle in Thi-qar Province, Iraq
Authors: Hashim Douaa. A. , Al-Hamed Tamadhir A. 
Published: October 2024

Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever is a zoonotic disease that transmission by infected ticks bites and from animals that are main carrier host without clinical septum so the current study was aimed to serological detection antibodies of Crimean–Congo Hemorrhagic Fever virus (CCHV) in cattle of Thi-qar province. Sera were analyzed for the presence of antibodies to CCHFV using the commercially available double-antigen ELISA kit. The study was conducted on 262 cases of cattle (87 male and 175 female) infected with CCHF based on Infected with ticks. Blood samples were collected from different part in Thi-qar province AL-Rifai, AL-Shatra, AL- Naser and Suq-ALshuhk. The wholly percentage of infected cattle with antibodies was 169(64.5%) positive from 262 cases. Highly prevalence record in Al-shatra positive from150 \115positive (76.66%) The prevalence of antibodies was higher in cattle at age 2 to 3 years old 55(73.33%) than in cattle aged less than 2 years 49 (58.33%). In addition, the percentage of cattle with antibodies in female was higher compare in male. These results suggest that is (CCHV) widespread in the cattle populations southern of Iraq.
Study of the Specifications of Some Chemical Standards for The Water of The Unified Tikrit City Water Project
Authors: Majeed Rafal Ahmed , Sultan Ali Muayad 
Published: October 2024

This study was conducted in the laboratories of the University of Tikrit / College of Education for Girls / Department of Life Sciences / and quality control laboratories for the study of the unified Tikrit city water station project , which is located on the course of the Tigris River within Salah al-Din Governorate, where the study included five stages, starting with river water, sedimentation basins and preservation tank, and ending with the last stage liquefaction water for the Shuhada neighborhood, For the purpose of studying the properties and chemicals of the project water and comparing the results with standard specifications, and the study period extended from August 2023 AD to January 2024 AD, the study included measuring (pH, dissolved oxygen, biorequirement for oxygen, total basic, chloride ion, phosphate and nitrate), pH values ranged towards basal Where their levels ranged between (7.3-8) mg / liter and it was noted that the values of dissolved oxygen ranged between (5.4-9.2) mg / liter, and depending on the values of the vital requirement for oxygen the water was somewhat clean, so its levels reached between (0.5 -3.2) mg / liter, and the total basic values ranged between (106-256 ) mg / l and the proportions of chloride ions were within the permissible limits ofFor drinking, the values ranged between (17.216-136) mg/L, while for the concentrations ranged (2.120439 3.748021-) μg/L, as for phosphate, values ranging between (0.6-2.7) μg/L, the results show that the phosphate values did not conform to the Iraqi standard specifications No. 417 for drinking water (2001) of 0.4 μg/L.
The relationship between interleukin 1-B and calprotecin in periodontal Disease
Authors: Saleh Duaa Raad , Yassin Lina Qays , Rija Firas Faris 
Published: October 2024

Backgrounds: One of the most common diseases affecting the oral cavity in humans is periodontitis. Researchers looked at the effects of calprotectin and IL-1B in human gingival Among the cytokines involved in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease, IL-1β, an inflammatory cytokine, can be highlighted for its contribution to stimulating the recruitment and differentiation of osteoblasts in tissues. Calprotectin is a heterodimer protein consisting of two calcium-bindinglinkages, belonging to the S-100 family.Materials and method: Ninety samples (patient and control) were obtained for the study between July 2023 and December 2024. Of them, sixty samples came from patients who saw periodontists in outpatient clinics and at Balad General Hospital. A sterile cotton swab (transport cotton swab) was used to obtain the sample. Using a syringe and a 5-milliliter Slim syringe, blood was drawn for 79 medical devices and then put into gelatinous gel tubes. The blood was then allowed to clot for fifteen minutes, sediment on the central computer at 3500 for one minute, and the serum was separated and kept in Eppendorf tubes with a 2-milliliter top at room temperature. The bacterial isolates were identified using physiological and biochemical assays, and the sample was held for 20 AD before being employed in the decimal filter. immunological examination The levels of immunological proteins calprotectin and human interleukin (IL-1β) were measured using ELISA technique. Results: IL-1B level in patients with Periodontitis recorded that (50.3±26.7) in comparison with control group that were (49.8±21.8,9.85±4.28) .While calprotectin level in patients with Periodontitis recorded that (10.79±2.69) in comparison with control group that were (9.85±4.28). Conclusion: Most common causes of Periodontitis was Prophyromonas gingivalis ,Staph. Aureus, Strep. Pyogenes. functional polymorphisms in the IL-1 B were not related to the calprotectin in development in Periodontitis prevalent diseases.