bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic experimental study of viscous damper on Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joint of steel and composite structures
Authors: Xue Jianyang , Dong Jinshuang , Sui Yan , Zhang Xicheng 
Published: March 2017

SummaryIn order to analyze the dynamic mechanical properties of viscous damper on the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints under seismic excitation, we designed 3 specimens for dynamic cyclic loading, including 2 specimens with viscous damper, which called controlled structure and 1 specimen without viscous damper called noncontrolled structure. The failure process and corresponding failure mode were obtained. The failure characteristics, skeleton curves, and mechanical behavior such as the load‐displacement hysteretic loops, degradation of strength and rigidity, ductility and energy dissipation of the joints and the load‐displacement hysteretic loops of viscous damper were analyzed. Results indicate that the hysteretic curve of viscous damper on the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints and viscous damper are plumper, and the structure has good ductility and capacity of energy dissipation. In the study, the concrete Chinese traditional style structure with dual‐lintel‐column joints and viscous damper can work together in conjunction. The load‐bearing capacity of the controlled structure is significantly higher than that of the noncontrolled structure; the performance of ductility and the ability of energy dissipation are superior to those of the noncontrolled structure. All experimental results reflect that the seismic performance of the controlled structure is significantly superior to that of the noncontrolled structure.
Discovery of synthesis and secretion of polyol esters of fatty acids by four basidiomycetous yeast species in the order Sporidiobolales
Authors: Garay Luis A , Sitepu Irnayuli R , Cajka Tomas , Fiehn Oliver , Cathcart Erin , Fry Russell W , Kanti Atit , Joko Nugroho Agustinus , Faulina Sarah Asih , Stephanandra Sira , German J Bruce , Boundy-Mills Kyria L 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Polyol esters of fatty acids (PEFA) are amphiphilic glycolipids produced by yeast that could play a role as natural, environmentally friendly biosurfactants. We recently reported discovery of a new PEFA-secreting yeast species, Rhodotorula babjevae, a basidiomycetous yeast to display this behavior, in addition to a few other Rhodotorula yeasts reported on the 1960s. Additional yeast species within the taxonomic order Sporidiobolales were screened for secreted glycolipid production. PEFA production equal or above 1 g L−1 were detected in 19 out of 65 strains of yeast screened, belonging to 6 out of 30 yeast species tested. Four of these species were not previously known to secrete glycolipids. These results significantly increase the number of yeast species known to secrete PEFA, holding promise for expanding knowledge of PEFA synthesis and secretion mechanisms, as well as setting the groundwork towards commercialization.
Reconstruction of amino acid biosynthetic pathways increases the productivity of 2-keto-l-gulonic acid in Ketogulonicigenium vulgare-Bacillus endophyticus consortium via genes screening
Authors: Pan Cai-Hui , Wang En-Xu , Jia Nan , Dong Xiu-Tao , Liu Yu , Ding Ming-Zhu , Yuan Ying-Jin 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Defect in the amino acid biosynthetic pathways of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare, the producing strain for 2-keto-l-gulonic acid (2-KGA), is the key reason for its poor growth and low productivity. In this study, five different strains were firstly reconstructed by expressing absent genes in threonine, proline and histidine biosynthetic pathways for better 2-KGA productivity. When mono-cultured in the shake flasks, the strain SyBE_Kv02080002 expressing hsk from Gluconobacter oxydans in threonine biosynthetic pathway achieved the highest biomass and the titer increased by 25.13%. When co-cultured with Bacillus endophyticus, the fermentation cycle decreased by 28.57% than that of the original consortium in 5-L fermenter. Furthermore, reconstruction of threonine biosynthetic pathway resulted in up-regulation of genes encoding sorbosone dehydrogenase and idonate-dehydrogenase, which increased the 2-KGA productivity in SyBE_Kv02080002. This study shows that reconstruction of absent biosynthetic pathways in bacteria is an effective way to enhance the productivity of target products.
Laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for metastatic colon cancer – how to improve treatment strategy
Authors: Atroshchenko Andrey , Khatkov Igor , Pozdnyakov Stepan , Danilov Mikhail 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Background Colon cancer (CC) one of the most common oncological disease in World. Up to 30% patients in Russia have metastatic CC at first visiting to oncologist. The treatment results still controversial. Nowadays, minimally invasive laparoscopic precision technique allowed extending the indication for cytoreductive surgery even in patients with severe comorbidities.
Materials and methods 89 patients with colon cancer (T1-4a) and curable synchronous distant metastases include in study. All patients underwent cytoreductive surgery with primary tumor resection. In study group (44) we performed laparoscopic surgery, in main group (45) – open surgery procedure. The groups were similar by sex, age, tumor localization and histological structure, comorbidities.
Results R0 resection performed 27% patients. The average number of lymph node removal was similar 13 and 12 respectively. Average operation time was significantly longer in study group 210 vs 120 min. In study group blood loss was lower: 300 mL vs 1200 mL. Postoperative patient recovery shorter after laparoscopic surgery (p < 0.05): time to activation 2.2 vs 3.9 days; time to first peristalsis – 1.8 vs 4.5 days; first bowel movement – 3.4 vs 4.8 days; first food taken – 2.9 vs 3.9 days. Shorter time of analgesics intake – 2.3 vs 4.4 days, p < 0.05. Hospital stay shorter: 9.3 vs 13.4 days, p = 0.05. Time to start chemotherapy reduced since 27.5 to 14.7 days, p < 0.05. Postoperative complications lower in study group: 6.8 vs 17.8%, p = 0.05. Kaplan–Meier 2-year overall survival were similar: 69.5% vs 61.6%, p = 0.96.
Conclusion Laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery for metastatic CC is safe, minimized surgical trauma and speed up patient recovery.
Gestural overlap across word boundaries: Evidence from English and Mandarin speakers
Authors: Luo Shan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article examines how three factors determine the surface forms of English stop-stop coarticulation across word boundaries in both native and nonnative speech: place of articulation, frequency, and speech rate. The release percentage and closure duration ratio produced by English (L1) and Mandarin (L2) speakers were measured. The results showed that a place order effect was only partially supported in L1 speech but not shown at all in L2 speech. The results also confirmed a gradient lexical effect, finding a significant correlation between self-rated frequency and overlap. In addition, the results showed that increased speech rate did not induce increased overlap, given that speakers from both groups had either more or less overlap at the fast speech rate than at the slow rate.
Supralaryngeal implementation of length and laryngeal contrasts in Japanese and Korean
Authors: Kochetov Alexei , Kang Yoonjung 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis article investigates supralaryngeal characteristics of Japanese and Korean length and laryngeal contrasts in stops and affricates. Electropalatography data collected from five Japanese and five Korean speakers revealed similar differences among the consonants in the degree of linguopalatal contact and duration of the closure. Japanese (voiceless) geminate and Korean fortis obstruents were most constricted and had the longest duration (although considerably longer in Japanese). Japanese voiced and Korean lenis obstruents were least constricted and had the shortest duration. Japanese voiceless (singleton) and Korean aspirated obstruents showed intermediate degree of contact and duration. Both stops and affricates showed a positive correlation between degree of contact and duration. The results show that the two very different sets of phonological contrasts are implemented similarly at the supralaryngeal level. These cross-language similarities and cross-category differences are proposed to result from the application of independently-motivated phonetic enhancement rules to distinct phonological representations of laryngeal/length contrasts in the two languages.
History and the Debate Over Intellectual Property
Authors: Peng Mike W. , Ahlstrom David , Carraher Shawn M. , Shi Weilei (Stone) 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTThis article responds to recent calls for organizational research to address larger, more globally relevant questions and to pay attention to history, by analyzing the crucial debate over intellectual property rights (IPR) between the United States and China. Despite the recent US position, the United States has not always been a leading IPR advocate. Rather, it was a leading IPR violator during the nineteenth century. An institution-based view of IPR history suggests that both the US refusal to protect foreign IPR in the nineteenth century and the current Chinese lack of enthusiasm to meet US IPR demands represent rational choices. However, as cost-benefit considerations change institutional transitions are possible. We predict that to the same extent the United States voluntarily agreed to strengthen IPR protection when its economy became sufficiently innovation-driven, China will similarly improve its IPR protection.
COMPATIBLE LOCALLY CONVEX TOPOLOGIES ON NORMED SPACES: CARDINALITY ASPECTS
Authors: MARTÍN-PEINADOR ELENA , PLICHKO ANATOLIJ , TARIELADZE VAJA 
Published: March 2017

For a normed infinite-dimensional space, we prove that the family of all locally convex topologies which are compatible with the original norm topology has cardinality greater or equal to $\mathfrak{c}$.
ON INTEGRAL ESTIMATES OF NONNEGATIVE POSITIVE DEFINITE FUNCTIONS
Authors: EFIMOV ANDREY , GAÁL MARCELL , RÉVÉSZ SZILÁRD GY. 
Published: March 2017

Let $\ell >0$ be arbitrary. We introduce the extremal quantities $$\begin{eqnarray}G(\ell ):=\sup _{f}\int _{-\ell }^{\ell }f\,dx\,\bigg/\int _{-1}^{1}f\,dx,\quad C(\ell ):=\sup _{f}\sup _{a\in \mathbb{R}}\int _{a-\ell }^{a+\ell }f\,dx\,\bigg/\int _{-1}^{1}f\,dx,\end{eqnarray}$$ where the supremum is taken over all not identically zero nonnegative positive definite functions. We investigate how large these extremal quantities can be. This problem was originally posed by Yu. Shteinikov and S. Konyagin (for the case $\ell =2$) and is an extension of the classical problem of Wiener. In this note we obtain exact values for the right limits $\overline{\lim }_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}\rightarrow 0+}G(k+\unicode[STIX]{x1D700})$ and $\overline{\lim }_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D700}\rightarrow 0+}C(k+\unicode[STIX]{x1D700})$$(k\in \mathbb{N})$ taken over doubly positive functions, and sufficiently close bounds for other values of $\ell$.
PREHARVEST SPROUTING ASSESSMENT IN WHEAT GENOTYPES INFLUENCED BY TEMPERATURE AND DEGREE DAYS
Authors: OKUYAMA L. A. , FONSECA JUNIOR N. S. , CARAMORI P. H. , KOHLI M. M. 
Published: March 2017

SUMMARYThe environmental conditions and test duration in rainfall simulators have been major constraints to find reliable differences in preharvest sprouting (PHS) among wheat cultivars. This study aimed to elucidate the temperature conditions and degree-days (DD) that enable higher discrimination of genotypes in a PHS test. Thirteen genotypes with different degrees of PHS (BR 18, BRS 220, CD 104, CD 105, CD 108, CD 114, CD 116, Frontana, IPR 085, IPR 128, IPR 136, OR1 and Safira) were evaluated in a rainfall simulator, during four years, conducting two trials per year. The tests were carried on 20 spikes per cultivar, kept in a vertical position on Styrofoam plates, spaced 10 cm between rows and 5 cm within the row. The air temperature data were recorded on a thermograph and the DD were calculated from the mean daily air temperature assuming a base temperature of 4 °C. The Falling Number (FN) parameter and germination percentage (GP) data were averaged for each test. The temperatures (minimum, mean and maximum) and the DD were regressed and correlated with FN and GP. Any increase in the minimum and mean air temperature and accumulated DD decreased FN values and increased GP. Higher genotypic discrimination was achieved at an average air temperature of 21.5 °C and 35 DD. These values can be used as reference to set simulated rain testing condition for screening genotype for PHS based on FN or pericarp rupture of grains.
TWO-SIDED ESTIMATES OF THE LEBESGUE CONSTANTS WITH RESPECT TO VILENKIN SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: BLAHOTA I. , PERSSON L. E. , TEPHNADZE G. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we derive two-sided estimates of the Lebesgue constants for bounded Vilenkin systems, we also present some applications of importance, e.g., we obtain a characterization for the boundedness of a subsequence of partial sums with respect to Vilenkin–Fourier series of H1 martingales in terms of n's variation. The conditions given in this paper are in a sense necessary and sufficient.
End-to-end anastomosis in the management of laryngotracheal defects
Authors: Gozen E D , Yener M , Erdur Z B , Karaman E 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjective:To present clinical experience and surgical outcomes of end-to-end anastomosis in the management of laryngotracheal stenosis and tracheal defects following invasive thyroid malignancy resection.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed of 14 patients with laryngotracheal stenosis and tracheal invasive thyroid malignancy. All patients underwent tracheal or cricotracheal resection and primary end-to-end anastomosis.Results:Length of stenosis was 1.7–4 cm. Stenosis was classified as Myer and Cotton grade II in 4 patients, grade III in 6 and grade IV in 2. Surgical procedures included tracheotracheal end-to-end anastomosis (n= 4), cricotracheal anastomosis (n= 2) and thyrotracheal anastomosis (n= 6). Patients with invasive thyroid malignancy underwent segmental resection of the involved segment with tumour-free margins, and tracheal or cricotracheal end-to-end anastomosis. Successful decannulation was achieved in 13 patients (93 per cent). Post-operative complications were: wound infection (n= 1), subcutaneous emphysema (n= 1), temporary unilateral vocal fold palsy (n= 1), granulation tissue development (n= 1), and restenosis (n= 2).Conclusion:End-to-end anastomosis can be used safely and successfully in the management of advanced laryngotracheal stenosis and wide laryngotracheal defects. Greater success can be achieved using previously described surgical rules and laryngotracheal release manoeuvres.
Inhabitant or visitor? Unexpected finding of Aglaophenia (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) in Antarctic waters
Authors: Soto Àngel Joan J. , Peña Cantero Álvaro L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBenthic hydrozoans are one of the most speciose and characteristic taxa from the Antarctic region, with a high number of endemic species, but diversity at the genus level is low and some families with world wide distribution are unrepresented. This is the case of the family Aglaopheniidae. A new species to science of the genus Aglaophenia Lamouroux has been found in the eastern end of the Weddell Sea, at depths of 65–116 m, within the material obtained by the German Antarctic expedition ANT XV/3. This finding constitutes a new record for the Weddell Sea fauna, the first evidence of the genus for the Polar Regions, and even the family Aglaopheniidae from Antarctic waters. The material has been accurately examined and described. Literature concerning the species of Aglaophenia from the sub-Antarctic and other close areas has been reviewed and, as a result, a checklist of 20 species, with their corresponding distribution, is given. The material examined does not agree with any of the species and therefore it is described as a new species. Some possible scenarios for the presence of an aglaopheniid in Antarctic waters are discussed (e.g. alien species, relict, global climate change, microhabitat).
Review of diseases (pathogen isolation, direct recovery and antibodies) in albatrosses and large petrels worldwide
Authors: UHART MARCELA M. , GALLO LUCIANA , QUINTANA FLAVIO 
Published: March 2017

SummaryAlbatrosses (Diomedeidae) and large petrels (MacronectesandProcellariaspp.) are among the world’s most rapidly declining birds. Some of the most endangered species, Amsterdam AlbatrossDiomedea amsterdamensis,Indian Yellow-nosed AlbatrossThalassarche carteriand Sooty AlbatrossPhoebetria fusca, are at risk from recurrent avian cholera outbreaks. Yet little is known about the overall impact of disease in this group. We compiled all available information on pathogens described in albatrosses and large petrel species listed under the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (ACAP) (n= 31). Available reports (n= 53) comprise nearly 60% of ACAP species (18/31). However, only 38% of them focus on threatened species (20/53), and 43% solely report macroparasite findings (23/53). Black-browed AlbatrossThalassarche melanophrys(Near Threatened) and Southern Giant PetrelMacronectes giganteus(Least Concern) are the two species with higher number of publications (29/53, 55% of all papers). Conversely, seven species on the IUCN Red List have three papers or less each. Most existing research has resulted from disease or mortality investigations and baseline studies (28 and 32%, respectively). Pathogens reported in the subset of ACAP species, included bacteria in seven species (39%), viruses in five (28%), protozoa in four (22%), helminths in nine (50%), ectoparasites in 13 (72%) and fungi in one species (5%). Avian cholera, caused by the bacteriumPasteurella multocida, appears as the most severe threat to ACAP species. Infections by poxvirus are the most common viral finding, yet entail lower population level impact. Few serosurveys report pathogen exposure in these species, but add valuable baseline information. There are numerous obvious gaps in species and geographical coverage and likely under-reporting due to remoteness, accessibility and sporadic monitoring. This insufficient knowledge may be hampering effective protection and management of populations at risk. Attention to species currently affected by avian cholera is of utmost priority.
Foot-and-Mouth Disease and Argentina's Beef Exports: The WTO's US–Animals Dispute
Authors: BOWN CHAD P. , HILLMAN JENNIFER A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper provides a legal–economic assessment of the WTO Panel Report in US–Animals, one of a growing list of WTO disputes arising due to problematic conditions under which an importing country closes and reopens its market after an infectious disease outbreak in an exporting country. The United States banned imports of beef from Argentina following a 2000 Argentine outbreak of highly contagious foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a disease not found in the United States since 1929. The United States refused to relax its import ban, and Argentina filed a WTO dispute in 2012, more than six years after its last FMD outbreak. Our analysis starts with Argentina's claim that the gap between its first requests, in 2002, to restore its trading rights and no action by the United States as of 2012 constituted ‘undue delay’. We rely on simple insights from economic research on asymmetric information problems – moral hazard and adverse selection – to describe the difficulties facing the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) and the WTO's Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) Agreement in dealing with problems like FMD. Such an environment creates disincentives for socially efficient behavior that were clearly realized in this episode. The exporting country has an incentive to hide information on outbreaks and report being disease-free too quickly, and the importing country has no incentive to quickly undertake the costly effort of conducting the necessary inspections to restore the exporter's market access. Finally, we address the Panel Report's treatment of alleged discrimination both across different FMD-impacted countries and across FMD-impacted and non-impacted geographic zones within Argentina, and we touch on the Report's shift in approach regarding the obligation of the United States to take into account the special needs of developing countries such as Argentina.
FTA Law in WTO Dispute Settlement: Peru–Additional Duty and the Fragmentation of Trade Law
Authors: SHAFFER GREGORY , WINTERS L. ALAN 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is a serious imbalance between the sclerosis of the political system of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and the automatic adoption of WTO Appellate Body judicial reports. The question is whether the WTO Appellate Body will recognize bilateral political agreements (such as under Free Trade Agreements, FTAs) that modify WTO obligations between two parties. In addressing this question, the Appellate Body decision inPeru–Additional Duty on Imports of Certain Agricultural Productsis important. The decision addressed the availability of defenses under FTAs in WTO disputes, as well as under public international law generally. After critically assessing the decision, we set forth a series of judicial and political choices for addressing the interaction of WTO and FTA rules going forward. In particular, we contend that clear modifications of WTO commitments under an FTA should be recognized by WTO panels as a defense, but subject to the FTA itself complying with WTO requirements under GATT Article XXIV. The case is important not only for trade specialists, but generally for policymakers and scholars of global governance in a world of fragmented international treaties.
Argentina–Import Measures: How a Porsche is worth Peanuts
Authors: CONCONI PAOLA , SCHEPEL HARM 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe dispute Argentina-Measures Affecting the Importation of Goods concerns a series of measures imposed by Argentine authorities on economic operators as a condition for obtaining import licenses. These measures were introduced with the goal of advancing the Argentine government's stated policies of re-industrialization, import substitution, and elimination of trade balance deficits. From a legal point of view, the least interesting feature of the dispute was the substantive compatibility of these measures with Article XI:1 GATT as they clearly constituted import restrictions. Identifying and classifying the measures involved, however, proved more challenging: based on vague policy guidelines, devoid of any legal basis, and consisting largely of wholly discretionary ad hoc action by the authorities, clouded in confidential obscurity, the measures escaped familiar categories and distinctions of WTO law. From an economic perspective, although Argentina's measures appear to have had no impact on its overall imports, they imposed large costs on foreign companies, as well as on Argentine importers and consumers.
The aggregation pheromones of thrips (Thysanoptera) and their potential for pest management
Authors: Kirk William D. J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAggregation pheromones have been identified and tested in the field forFrankliniella occidentalisandThrips palmi. These pheromones are produced by adult males and attract both males and females. They are likely to be widespread across the Thripidae and identification is in progress for several other pest species. Aggregation pheromones are used commercially for monitoring and activation. Field trials have shown they can be cost effective for mass trapping when used as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme. Use for other approaches, such as lure and kill and mating disruption have not yet been tested. A better understanding of the role of these pheromones in the mating behaviour of thrips is needed and this may suggest further ways of developing their potential for pest management.