bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Artful climate change communication: overcoming abstractions, insensibilities, and distances
Authors: Hawkins Harriet , Kanngieser Anja 
Published: July 2017

This article considers how visual and sonic art creates encounters through which audiences can experience climate change. Building on reviews published in WIREs Climate Change on images, films, drama, climate science fiction, and other literary forms, we examine how audio and visual art addresses the enduring problems of climate change communication. We begin with three of these problems: climate change's often abstract nature, the distances in time and space between those who cause climate change and the places its effects are felt, and forms of human–environmental relations that shape how climate is understood. We reflect on how, through a combination of vision and sound, art creates sensory experiences that tackle these challenges. In querying how our artistic examples bring about environmental engagements, we combine an analysis of the representations and narratives of these works with an appreciation of their aesthetic form—in short, how these art pieces activate emotional and experiential responses. While we recognize the limits of what art can do, especially the gallery‐based forms of work we study here, we argue that spending time exploring the encounters that art creates helps us to understand what it brings to the communication of climate change. It also demonstrates how lessons learnt about sensory experience, affect, and emotions might be more widely applied to the analysis of cultural forms—from literature to films—and their role in climate change communication. WIREs Clim Change 2017, 8:e472. doi: 10.1002/wcc.472This article is categorized under:

Trans‐Disciplinary Perspectives > Humanities and the Creative Arts
Generating short‐term probabilistic wind power scenarios via nonparametric forecast error density estimators
Authors: Staid Andrea , Watson Jean‐Paul , Wets Roger J.‐B. , Woodruff David L. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractForecasts of available wind power are critical in key electric power systems operations planning problems, including economic dispatch and unit commitment. Such forecasts are necessarily uncertain, limiting the reliability and cost‐effectiveness of operations planning models based on a single deterministic or “point” forecast. A common approach to address this limitation involves the use of a number of probabilistic scenarios, each specifying a possible trajectory of wind power production, with associated probability. We present and analyze a novel method for generating probabilistic wind power scenarios, leveraging available historical information in the form of forecasted and corresponding observed wind power time series. We estimate nonparametric forecast error densities, specifically using epi‐spline basis functions, allowing us to capture the skewed and nonparametric nature of error densities observed in real‐world data. We then describe a method to generate probabilistic scenarios from these basis functions that allows users to control for the degree to which extreme errors are captured. We compare the performance of our approach to the current state‐of‐the‐art considering publicly available data associated with the Bonneville Power Administration, analyzing aggregate production of a number of wind farms over a large geographic region. Finally, we discuss the advantages of our approach in the context of specific power systems operations planning problems: stochastic unit commitment and economic dispatch. Our methodology is embodied in the joint Sandia–University of California Davis Prescient software package for assessing and analyzing stochastic operations strategies.
Segmentation techniques for the summarization of individual mobility data
Authors: Damiani Maria Luisa , Hachem Fatima 
Published: July 2017

Segmentation techniques partition a sequence of data points into a series of disjoint subsequences—segments—based on some criteria. Depending on the context and the nature of data themselves, segments return an approximate representation. The final result is a summarized representation of the sequence. This intuitive mechanism has been extensively studied, for example, for the summarization of time series in order to preserve the ‘shape’ of the sequence while omitting irrelevant details. This survey focuses on the use of segmentation methods for extracting behavioral information from individual mobility data, in particular from spatial trajectories. Such information can then be given a compact representation in the form of summarized trajectories, e.g., semantic trajectories and symbolic trajectories. Two major streams of research are discussed, spanning computational geometry and data mining respectively, that are emblematic of the multiplicity of views. WIREs Data Mining Knowl Discov 2017, 7:e1214. doi: 10.1002/widm.1214This article is categorized under:

Algorithmic Development > Spatial and Temporal Data Mining
Fundamental Concepts of Data and Knowledge > Data Concepts
Technologies > Structure Discovery and Clustering
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in Algeria
Authors: Bekadja Mohamed Amine , Brahimi Mohamed , Osmani Soufi , Yafour Nabil , Krim Amina , Serradj Faiza , Talhi Souad , Amani Kamila , Bouhass Rachid Amar 
Published: July 2017

Introduction:
Algeria is a country of 40.4 million inhabitants and half of which is under 30 years. In Algeria, Health-care insurance covered, 90% of the population. Health care is free and it is supported by the Ministry of Health. 16 university hospitals exist in Algeria and only two (Algiers and Oran) practicing bone marrow transplant. Adult hematologic malignancies account for 10% (about 4000 new cases/year) of the malignancy affecting in most cases young patients under 65 years of age. In 2016, 270 transplants were performed in total (Algiers + Oran), including 149 allografts (related donor transplants: 99%) and 121 autografts. 98% of transplants are done in adults and only 2% in children with cord blood transplants. In summary for the two transplant centers, the predominant types of transplantation performed are allogeneic transplant in 55% and autologous transplant in 45%.
The particularity of EHU1st November in Oran, is the use of non-cryopreserved stem cells. Stem cell was mobilized using G-CSF alone and the grafts were kept in a conventional blood bank refrigerator at +4 °C until reinfusion on day 0. The outcome with non-cryopreserved stem cells are the same as those with cryopreserved stem cells and we conclude that autologous transplant with non cryopreserved hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) is a simple, effective and safe method and the cryopreservation is not necessary in our work conditions in developing countries. The projects are achieving the autograft in all University Hospitals with non cryop- reserved HSC, achieving a center allograft in the east of the country and the development of bone marrow transplantation in children.

Conclusion:
Currently in Algeria, the number of transplantation is insufficient and the development of new transplant centers is essential. In the future, we hope to implement the National Society of Bone Marrow transplant and also the National recipient registry and Donor registry in Algeria.
Integrated one-dimensional dynamic analysis methodology for space launch vehicles reflecting liquid components
Authors: Kim J.B. , Sim J.S. , Lee S.G. , Shin S.J. , Park J.H. , Kim Y. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTIn this paper, structural modelling and dynamic analysis methods reflecting the characteristics of a liquid propellant were developed for a pogo analysis. The pogo phenomenon results from the complex interaction between the vehicle structural vibration in the longitudinal direction and the propulsion system. Thus, for an accurate vibration analysis of a liquid propellant launch vehicle, both the consumption of the liquid propellant and the change in the stiffness reflecting the nonlinear hydroelastic effect were simultaneously considered. A complete vehicle structure, including the liquid propellant tanks, was analytically modelled while focusing on pogo. In addition, a feasible liquid propellant tank modelling method was established to obtain an one-dimensional complete vehicle model. With these methods, comparative studies of the hydroelastic effect were conducted. Evaluations of the dynamic analysis of a reference vehicle were also conducted during the first burning stage. The numerical results obtained with the present orthotropic model and the dynamic analysis method were found to be in good agreement with the natural vibration characteristics according to previous analyses and experiments. Additionally, the reference vehicle showed the estimated occurrence of pogo in the first structural mode when compared with the frequencies of the propellant feeding system. In conclusion, the present structural modelling and modal analysis procedures can be effectively used to analyse dynamic characteristics of liquid propellant launch vehicles. These techniques are also capable of identifying the occurrence of pogo and providing design criteria related to pogo instability.
A Role for Antimicrobial Stewardship in Clinical Sepsis Pathways: a Prospective Interventional Study
Authors: Burston John , Adhikari Suman , Hayen Andrew , Doolan Heather , Kelly Melissa L. , Fu Kathy , Jensen Tomas O. , Konecny Pamela 
Published: July 2017

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of early infectious diseases (ID) antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) intervention on inpatient sepsis antibiotic management.DESIGNInterventional, nonrandomized, controlled study.SETTINGTertiary-care referral hospital, Sydney, Australia.PATIENTSConsecutive, adult, non–intensive care unit (non-ICU) inpatients triggering an institutional clinical sepsis pathway from May to August 2015.INTERVENTIONAll patients reviewed by an ID Fellow within 24 hours of sepsis pathway trigger underwent case review and clinic file documentation of recommendations. Those not reviewed by an ID Fellow were considered controls and received standard sepsis pathway care. The primary outcome was antibiotic appropriateness 48 hours after sepsis trigger.RESULTSIn total, 164 patients triggered the sepsis pathway: 6 patients were excluded (previous sepsis trigger); 158 patients were eligible; 106 had ID intervention; and 52 were control cases. Of these 158 patients, 91 (58%) had sepsis, and 15 of these 158 (9.5%) had severe sepsis. Initial antibiotic appropriateness, assessable in 152 of 158 patients, was appropriate in 80 (53%) of these 152 patients and inappropriate in 72 (47%) of these patients. In the intervention arm, 93% of ID Fellow recommendations were followed or partially followed, including 53% of cases in which antibiotics were de-escalated. ID Fellow intervention improved antibiotic appropriateness at 48 hours by 24% (adjusted risk ratio, 1.24; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–1.47; P=.035). The appropriateness agreement among 3 blinded ID staff opinions was 95%. Differences in intervention and control group mortality (13% vs 17%) and median length of stay (13 vs 17.5 days) were not statistically significant.CONCLUSIONSepsis overdiagnosis and delayed antibiotic optimization may reduce sepsis pathway effectiveness. Early ID AMS improved antibiotic management of non-ICU inpatients with suspected sepsis, predominantly by de-escalation. Further studies are needed to evaluate clinical outcomes.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2017;38:1032–1038
Seasonal work and welfare in an early industrial town: Newcastle upon Tyne, 1600–1700
Authors: BURN ANDY 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe port of Newcastle upon Tyne in north-east England was transformed in the seventeenth century by the rapid expansion of its coal trade, which demanded an influx of industrial transport workers known as ‘keelmen’. This article assesses wages, perks and the seasonal distribution of income for this growing group of workers, estimating that their real income rose until about 1680, before tailing off again. They were comparatively well paid, but their work was inconsistent and seasonal. The number of days' work available was crucial to welfare in Newcastle, as were a series of formal and informal measures intended to relieve winter poverty and maintain a year-round workforce. Combining quantitative and qualitative evidence, this article offers a north-eastern industrial perspective on English living standards debates that still tend to be dominated by south-eastern building and agricultural labourers.
Not only peasants: the myth of continuity in the irrigation communities of Valencia, Spain, in the medieval and early modern periods
Authors: GUINOT ENRIC , ESQUILACHE FERRAN 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Horta of Valencia is a large irrigated area managed by eight communities of landowners. Traditionally, it was considered that these communities were composed of peasants, that they were self-managed and self-governed, and that they had remained immutable over time. However, the historical evidence shows that this is not true for pre-modern times. This article examines a possible Islamic origin of these institutions, the rupture caused by the Christian conquest of Valencia in the thirteenth century, the structure of the communities, and the social diversity of their members within the framework of feudalism. We conclude that irrigation communities cannot be used as examples of institutional continuity or of self-regulated and autonomous social organisations.
Mistress or maid: the structure of women's work in Sweden, 1550–1800
Authors: LINDSTRÖM JONAS , JANSSON KARIN HASSAN , FIEBRANZ ROSEMARIE , JACOBSSON BENNY , ÅGREN MARIA 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBased on the verb-oriented method and a unique collection of observations from court records, this article shows that both men and women did almost all categories of work in early modern Sweden. On the level of concrete tasks, however, there was both difference and similarity between the genders. Marital status exerted a strong influence on women's sustenance activities, creating a clear distinction between unmarried and ever-married women. These patterns were probably the effect of a labour legislation that forced young people without independent means to offer their bodies and time to masters and mistresses.
The effects of ambient temperature and heatwaves on dailyCampylobactercases in Adelaide, Australia, 1990–2012
Authors: MILAZZO A. , GILES L. C. , ZHANG Y. , KOEHLER A. P. , HILLER J. E. , BI P. 
Published: July 2017

SUMMARYCampylobacterspp. is a commonly reported food-borne disease with major consequences for morbidity. In conjunction with predicted increases in temperature, proliferation in the survival of microorganisms in hotter environments is expected. This is likely to lead, in turn, to an increase in contamination of food and water and a rise in numbers of cases of infectious gastroenteritis. This study assessed the relationship ofCampylobacterspp. with temperature and heatwaves, in Adelaide, South Australia.We estimated the effect of (i) maximum temperature and (ii) heatwaves on dailyCampylobactercases during the warm seasons (1 October to 31 March) from 1990 to 2012 using Poisson regression models.There was no evidence of a substantive effect of maximum temperature per 1 °C rise (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0·995, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0·993–0·997) nor heatwaves (IRR 0·906, 95% CI 0·800–1·026) onCampylobactercases. In relation to heatwave intensity, which is the daily maximum temperature during a heatwave, notifications decreased by 19% within a temperature range of 39–40·9 °C (IRR 0·811, 95% CI 0·692–0·952). We found little evidence of an increase in risk and lack of association betweenCampylobactercases and temperature or heatwaves in the warm seasons. Heatwave intensity may play a role in that notifications decreased with higher temperatures. Further examination of the role of behavioural and environmental factors in an effort to reduce the risk of increasedCampylobactercases is warranted.
Resveratrol has dose-dependent effects on DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial activity of ovine secondary follicles cultured in vitro
Authors: Macedo T.J.S. , Barros V.R.P. , Monte A.P.O. , Gouveia B.B. , Bezerra M.É.S. , Cavalcante A.Y.P. , Barberino R.S. , Menezes V.G. , Matos M.H.T. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe worldwide consumption of red wine, nuts and grapes has resulted in increased human exposure to resveratrol, which could affect reproductive function. However, the effect of resveratrol on in vitro culture of early-stage ovarian follicles has never been investigated. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the effect of resveratrol on sheep secondary follicle morphology, growth, DNA fragmentation, intracellular levels of glutathione (GSH) and active mitochondria. Secondary follicles were isolated from the ovaries and cultured for 18 days in supplemented α-MEM+ (control medium) or in control medium containing resveratrol (2, 10 or 30 µM). The parameters analyzed were morphology, antrum formation, follicle diameter, DNA fragmentation, GSH levels and mitochondrial activity. After 18 days, all resveratrol groups significantly decreased the percentages of morphologically normal follicles compared with the control group (α-MEM+). Antrum formation was higher in both α-MEM+ and 2 µM resveratrol groups than in the 10 µM resveratrol group. In addition, 30 µM resveratrol increased the percentage of oocytes with DNA damage compared with the control. Oocytes from follicles treated with 10 or 30 µM resveratrol significantly decreased intracellular GSH levels compared with the 2 µM resveratrol group. Moreover, follicles in α-MEM+ (control) showed more active mitochondria than those in 10 or 30 µM resveratrol. In conclusion, ovine isolated secondary follicles are able to grow to the antral stage after in vitro culture in medium containing 2 µM resveratrol, maintaining the same rates of DNA damage, GSH levels and mitochondrial function as the control medium. However, the addition of 30 µM resveratrol increased DNA fragmentation and oxidative stress through decreasing mitochondrial activity.
Morphofunctional evaluation of the testis, duration of spermatogenesis and spermatogenic efficiency in the Japanese fancy mouse (Mus musculus molossinus)
Authors: Costa Guilherme M.J. , Leal Marcelo C. , França Luiz R. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryJapanese fancy mouse, mini mouse or pet mouse are common names used to refer to strains of mice that present with different colour varieties and coat types. Although many genetic studies that involve spotting phenotype based on the coat have been performed in these mice, there are no reports of quantitative data in the literature regarding testis structure and spermatogenic efficiency. Hence, in this study we researched testis function and spermatogenesis in the adult Japanese fancy mouse. The following values of 68 ± 6 mg and 0.94 ± 0.1% were obtained as mean testis weight and gonadosomatic index, respectively. In comparison with other investigated mice strains, the fancy mouse Leydig cell individual size was much smaller, resulting in higher numbers of these cells per gram of testis. As found for laboratory mice strains, as a result of the development of the acrosomic system, 12 stages of the seminiferous epithelium cycle have been described in this study. The combined frequencies of pre-meiotic and post-meiotic stages were respectively 24% and 64% and very similar to the laboratory mice. The more differentiated germ cell types marked at 1 h or 9 days after tritiated thymidine administration were preleptotene/leptotene and pachytene spermatocytes at the same stage (VIII). The mean duration of one spermatogenic cycle was 8.8 ± 0.01 days and the total length of spermatogenesis lasted 37.8 ± 0.01 days (4.5 cycles). A high number of germ cell apoptosis was evident during meiosis, resulting in lower Sertoli cell and spermatogenic efficiencies, when compared with laboratory mice strains.
Developmental competence of Dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) oocytes selected using brilliant cresyl blue staining
Authors: Fathi Mohamed , Ashry Mohamed , Salama Ali , Badr Magdy R. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryThe objectives of the present studies were to investigate the developmental capacity of dromedary camel oocytes selected by brilliant cresyl blue (BCB) staining and to investigate the expression of select transcripts in germinal vesicle (GV) stage oocytes. These transcripts included BMP15 and GDF9 as important transcripts for folliculogenesis and oocyte development, Zar1 and Mater as maternal transcripts required for embryonic development, Cyclin B1 and CDK1 as cell cycle regulators and Oct4 and STAT3 as transcription factors. Dromedary camel oocytes were retrieved from ovaries collected at a local slaughterhouse. After exposure to BCB staining, cumulus–oocyte complexes (COCs) from BCB+, BCB− and control (selected based on morphological criteria) groups were subjected toin vitromaturation,in vitrofertilization andin vitroculture. For gene expression studies, after BCB staining cumulus cells were stripped off and the completely denuded GV stage oocytes were used for RT-PCR analysis of selected transcripts. BCB+ oocytes showed higher maturation, and fertilization rates compared with BCB− and control groups. Indices of early embryonic development, namely, cleavage at 48 hours post insemination (hpi), and development to morula at day 5 and day 7 blastocyst rates were also significantly higher in the BCB+ group. RT-PCR revealed a higher expression of BMP15, GDF9, Zar1, Mater, Cyclin B1, CDK1, OCT4 and STAT3 in good quality oocytes that stained positively for BCB (BCB+). Collectively, results provide novel information about the use of BCB screening for selecting good quality oocytes to improvein vitroembryo production in the dromedary camel.
Acetylation and methylation profiles of H3K27 in porcine embryos cultured in vitro
Authors: Marinho Luciana Simões Rafagnin , Rissi Vitor Braga , Lindquist Andressa Guidugli , Seneda Marcelo Marcondes , Bordignon Vilceu 
Published: July 2017

SummaryMethylation and acetylation of histone H3 at lysine 27 (H3K27) regulate chromatin structure and gene expression during early embryo development. While H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is associated with active gene expression, H3K27 methylation (H3K27me) is linked to transcriptional repression. The aim of this study was to assess the profile of H3K27 acetylation and methylation (mono-, di- and trimethyl) during oocyte maturation and early development in vitro of porcine embryos. Oocytes/embryos were fixed at different developmental stages from germinal vesicle to day 8 blastocysts and submitted to an immunocytochemistry protocol to identify the presence and quantify the immunofluorescence intensity of H3K27ac, H3K27me1, H3K27me2 and H3K27me3. A strong fluorescent signal for H3K27ac was observed in all developmental stages. H3K27me1 and H3K27me2 were detected in oocytes, but the fluorescent signal decreased through the cleavage stages and rose again at the blastocyst stage. H3K27me3 was detected in oocytes, in only one pronucleus in zygotes, cleaved-stage embryos and blastocysts. The nuclear fluorescence signal for H3K27me3 increased from the 2-cell stage to 4-cell stage embryos, decreased at the 8-cell and morula stages and increased again in blastocysts. Different patterns of the H3K27me3 mark were observed at the blastocyst stage. Our results suggest that changes in the H3K27 methylation status regulate early porcine embryo development as previously shown in other species.