bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analytic approaches to determine gender differences for delayed healing in venous leg ulcers
Authors: Tang Xiao-Lei , Chen Hong-Lin , Zhao Fang-Fang 
Published: November 2015

Objective The aim of this analysis was to perform a meta-analysis evaluating gender difference of delayed healing risk in patients with venous leg ulcers. Methods We searched the PubMed and Web of Knowledge from their inception to 4 July 2015. The meta-analysis of pooled odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for venous leg ulcers healing risk were calculated. Results Twelve studies with 4453 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled odds ratio for healing rate stratified by gender was 1.055 (95% CI 0.955–1.165; Z = 1.05, p = 0.292) by fix-effects model. The Begg's test (z = 2.67, p = 0.007), the Egger's test (t = 4.00, p = 0.003), and asymmetric funnel plot suggested there was significant publication bias. Subgroup analysis showed the pooled odds ratios were 1.048 (95% CI 0.945–1.162; Z = 0.88, p = 0.376) in prospective studies and 1.439 (95% CI 0.757–2.736; Z = 1.11, p = 0.266) in retrospective studies. Sensitivity analyses by only pooled adjusted odds ratios showed the pooled odds ratio was 1.049 (95% CI 0.946–1.163; Z = 0.91, p = 0.365), which indicated the results of meta-analysis were robust. Meta-regression analysis showed the healing rate odds ratio stratified by gender was not related with healing rate (t = 0.73, p = 0.484). Conclusion Our meta-analysis indicates that no gender difference existed for delayed healing in venous leg ulcers. Our results may be also useful in developing a risk score for failure of venous leg ulcers to heal.
Oxytocin receptor: Expression in the trigeminal nociceptive system and potential role in the treatment of headache disorders
Authors: Tzabazis Alexander , Mechanic Jordan , Miller James , Klukinov Michael , Pascual Conrado , Manering Neil , Carson Dean S , Jacobs Allon , Qiao Yanli , Cuellar Jason , Frey William H , Jacobs Daniel , Angst Martin , Yeomans David C 
Published: November 2015

Aims Our studies investigated the location of oxytocin receptors in the peripheral trigeminal sensory system and determined their role in trigeminal pain. Methods Oxytocin receptor expression and co-localization with calcitonin gene-related peptide was investigated in rat trigeminal ganglion using immunohistochemistry. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the effects of facial electrocutaneous stimulation and adjuvant-induced inflammation of the temporomandibular joint on oxytocin receptor expression in the trigeminal ganglion. Finally, the effects of oxytocin on capsaicin-induced calcitonin gene-related peptide release from dural nociceptors were investigated using isolated rat dura mater. Results Oxytocin receptor immunoreactivity was present in rat trigeminal neurons. The vast majority of oxytocin receptor immunoreactive neurons co-expressed calcitonin gene-related peptide. Both electrocutaneous stimulation and adjuvant-induced inflammation led to a rapid upregulation of oxytocin receptor protein expression in trigeminal ganglion neurons. Oxytocin significantly and dose-dependently decreased capsaicin-induced calcitonin gene-related peptide release from dural nociceptors. Conclusion Oxytocin receptor expression in calcitonin gene-related peptide containing trigeminal ganglion neurons, and the blockade of calcitonin gene-related peptide release from trigeminal dural afferents suggests that activation of these receptors may provide therapeutic benefit in patients with migraine and other primary headache disorders.
Radiographic Identification of Arthroscopically Relevant Acetabular Structures
Authors: Lee W. Andrew , Saroki Adriana J. , Løken Sverre , Trindade Christiano A.C. , Cram Tyler R. , Schindler Broc R. , LaPrade Robert F. , Philippon Marc J. 
Published: November 2015

Background: The anatomy of the acetabulum has been described extensively in the literature, but radiographic acetabular guidelines have not been well established. This study provides a radiographic map of acetabular landmarks in the hip. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to quantify the precise radiographic location of arthroscopic landmarks around the acetabulum. The hypothesis was that their locations were reproducible despite variability in the anatomy and positioning of pelvic specimens. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Ten fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens were dissected, and radio-opaque hardware was placed for each landmark of interest. Anteroposterior (AP) and false-profile radiographs were obtained, and measurements were taken using a digital picture archiving and communication system. Results: On AP radiographs, the direct and indirect heads of the rectus femoris were a mean 48.2 ± 4.6 mm and 44.7 ± 4.3 mm proximal to the teardrop line, respectively. The mean radiographic distance between their insertions was 5.0 ± 3.4 mm. Moreover, the anterior inferior iliac spine was a mean 11.5 ± 3.8 mm from the acetabular rim. On false-profile radiographs, the mean distance between the direct and indirect heads of the rectus femoris was 31.4 ± 6.2 mm. The mean distance between the superior margin of the anterior labral sulcus (the psoas-u) and the midpoint of the transverse acetabular ligament was 41.0 ± 5.7 mm. Additionally, the direct and indirect heads of the rectus femoris corresponded to the 2:30 and 1:30 locations on the acetabular clockface, respectively. The midpoint of the transverse acetabular ligament was located at 7 o’clock on the clockface. Conclusion: The most important finding of this study, determined by quantitative measurements, was that the described surgical landmarks had reliable locations on radiographs. Distances between landmarks as well as distances between landmarks and reference lines were reproducible in both AP and false-profile views. Clinical Relevance: An understanding of how acetabular structures present on radiographs could lead to more accurate portal and hardware placement intraoperatively during arthroscopic surgery as well as better preoperative and postoperative assessments.
Association between History of Gestational Diabetes and Exclusive Breastfeeding at Hospital Discharge
Authors: Haile Zelalem T. , Oza-Frank Reena , Azulay Chertok Ilana R. , Passen Nina 
Published: November 2015

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is recommended in the first 6 months of life, especially for infants born to women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Yet, women with a history of GDM face challenges with exclusive breastfeeding in the early postpartum period, a critical period for setting up longer term breastfeeding success. Minimal research has been published on associated risk factors for not exclusively breastfeeding. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between GDM and exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis including 2038 women who participated in the population-based Infant Feeding Practices Study II between May 2005 and June 2007. Results: Gestational diabetes mellitus prevalence was 5.8%. The crude prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at hospital discharge was 62.2% among women with GDM compared to 75.4% of women without GDM ( P < .01). After adjusting for sociodemographic, behavioral, and anthropometric factors, the odds of exclusive breastfeeding were lower among women with GDM compared to women without diabetes (odds ratio = 0.59; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.92). Furthermore, women who had gestational weight gain (GWG) below the Institute of Medicine guidelines had lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding compared to women who had normal GWG (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.85). Conclusion: Women with GDM history and women with inadequate GWG may need additional education to promote exclusive breastfeeding during maternal hospital stay. It is important for health care providers to assess both factors when providing education on exclusive breastfeeding and to support these women’s breastfeeding efforts in the early postpartum period to maximize potential for longer term breastfeeding success.
Effect of Elevated Reperfusion Pressure on “No Reflow” Area and Infarct Size in a Porcine Model of Ischemia–Reperfusion
Authors: Pantsios Chris , Kapelios Chris , Vakrou Styliani , Diakos Nikolaos , Pozios Iraklis , Kontogiannis Chris , Nanas John , Malliaras Konstantinos 
Published: November 2015

Background: The “no reflow” phenomenon (microvascular obstruction despite restoration of epicardial blood flow) develops postreperfusion in acute myocardial infarction and is associated with poor prognosis. We hypothesized that increased reperfusion pressure may attenuate the no reflow phenomenon, as it could provide adequate flow to overcome the high resistance of the microvasculature within the no reflow zone. Thus, we investigated the effect of modestly elevated blood pressure during reperfusion on the extent of no reflow area and infarct size in a porcine model of ischemia–reperfusion. Methods: Eighteen farm pigs underwent acute myocardial infarction by occlusion of the anterior descending coronary artery for 1 hour, followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Just prior to reperfusion, animals were randomized into 2 groups: in group 1 (control group, n = 9), no intervention was performed. In group 2 (n = 9), aortic pressure was increased by ∼20% (compared to ischemia) by partial clamping of the ascending aorta during reperfusion. Following 2 hours of reperfusion, animals were euthanized to measure area at risk, infarct size, and area of no reflow. Results: Partial clamping of the ascending aorta resulted in modest elevation of blood pressure during reperfusion. The area at risk did not differ between the 2 groups. The no reflow area was significantly increased in group 2 compared to control animals (50% ± 13% vs 37% ± 9% of the area at risk; P = .04). The infarcted area was significantly increased in group 2 compared to control animals (75% ± 17% vs 52% ± 23% of the area at risk; P = .03). Significant positive correlations were observed between systolic aortic pressure and no reflow area, between systolic aortic pressure and infarcted area and between infarcted area and no reflow area during reperfusion. Conclusions: Modestly elevated blood pressure during reperfusion is associated with an increase in no reflow area and in infarct size in a clinically relevant porcine model of ischemia–reperfusion.
Child Maltreatment and Migration
Authors: Schick Matthis , Schönbucher Verena , Landolt Markus A. , Schnyder Ulrich , Xu Wenjie , Maier Thomas , Mohler-Kuo Meichun 
Published: November 2015

Background: Prevalence rates of child maltreatment (CM) can differ substantially between countries and ethnicities. Reasons, however, are complex and not sufficiently understood. Method: This epidemiological study examined prevalence and risk factors of various types of CM in a population-based representative sample of native and immigrant adolescents in Switzerland ( N = 6,787). Results: The prevalence of CM in general was lowest in the native group, higher in the Western immigrant group, and highest in the non-Western immigrant groups. An immigrant background was related to an overrepresentation of several risk factors for CM. Adjusted odds ratio of an immigrant background were still significant for physical and emotional abuse but not for neglect and sexual assault. Conclusions: Differences in the prevalence of CM across ethnographic origins are at least partially related to socioeconomic and ecologic risk factors. The distribution of risk factors may vary depending on the contexts of migration.
Head and neck surgery in a tertiary centre: Predictors of difficult airway and anaesthetic management
Authors: Wong Patrick , Iqbal Rehana , Light Karen Patricia , Williams Elisabeth , Hayward James 
Published: November 2015

Introduction: The management of head and neck surgical patients is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and so anticipating the difficult airway is important. Methods: We undertook a prospective survey on consecutive adult patients scheduled on the elective operating lists of four head and neck consultant surgeons. Data were collected over a 36 month period. Data included: patient characteristics; routine predictors of difficulty in airway management (bedside tests of the airway, a history of previous surgery or radiotherapy and the presence of airway symptoms); laryngoscopy grade; method of anaesthesia and airway management; and any airway complications arising during induction of anaesthesia and extubation. Results: The ‘study’ group consisted of 818 patients. The ‘direct laryngoscopy’ group contained 674 patients, that is, patients who had direct laryngoscopy and could therefore be classified as easy or difficult intubation. The prevalence of difficult intubation was 12.6%. Factors or tests that were statistically significantly associated with difficult intubation were: history of difficult airway; previous head or neck radiotherapy treatment; presence of airway symptoms; presence of moderate or severe limited neck movement; and short interdental distance. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values were: history of difficult airway 16.5%, 98.6% and 63.6%; previous radiotherapy 12.9%, 96.6% and 35.5%; airway symptoms 42.9%, 69.6% and 15.9%; moderate/severe neck limitation 16.7%, 97.2% and 46.7%; Mallampati score 3 or 4, 38.8%, 83.8% and 25.8%; and interdental distance 9.4%, 98.8% and 53.3%, respectively. The Bonfils intubation fibrescope was the most commonly used indirect laryngoscopy device (63.9% of all such cases). Twenty-six patients (3.2%) had complications during their initial airway management after induction of anaesthesia. There was one case of ‘cannot intubate, cannot oxygenate’, which required an emergency tracheostomy. Conclusion: The prevalence of difficult intubation in head and neck surgical patients was higher than in the general population, but predictive tests for difficult intubation have poor to moderate value. In our study, rates of difficult face mask ventilation, failed intubation and complications during induction and extubation were low. However, serious morbidity, although rare, can still be encountered. Head and neck surgical patients can be managed safely in a tertiary centre where there is appropriate surgical and anaesthetic expertise in managing difficult airways.
An investigation of the associations among sleep duration and quality, body mass index and insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Authors: Arora Teresa , Chen Mimi Z. , Omar Omar M. , Cooper Ashley R. , Andrews Rob C. , Taheri Shahrad 
Published: November 2015

Objectives: To examine direct and indirect associations of sleep duration and quality with insulin resistance, considering body mass index (BMI) as a potential mediator in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Methods: Cross-sectional data from patients enrolled in the Early Activity in Diabetes study. We studied 522 newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, 65.9% male, mean age 63.5 ± 10.1 years. Of the total sample 53% had a BMI of ⩾30 kg/m2. Participants completed a 7-day sleep diary and sleep questionnaire. Average sleep duration (minutes), average nap duration (minutes) and average number of night awakenings were derived. Objective measures of height and body weight were obtained for the BMI calculation (kg/m2). Insulin resistance was obtained using the homeostatic model assessment – insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR) standardized technique. Results: Average number of night awakenings was positively correlated with BMI ( r= 0.22, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with logged HOMA2-IR ( r= -0.16, p = 0.04). Path analysis demonstrated night awakenings were directly associated with BMI and indirectly associated with insulin resistance, whilst considering BMI as a potential mediator ( p < 0.05). Sleep duration was not associated with BMI or insulin resistance ( p > 0.05). Conclusions: Sleep quality, not sleep duration, plays an important role in insulin resistance in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. BMI may mediate the relationship between indicators of sleep quality and insulin resistance. There is a need to examine the impact of improving sleep quality on obesity and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Creating a database of internet-based clinical trials to support a public-led research programme: A descriptive analysis
Authors: Brice Anne , Price Amy , Burls Amanda 
Published: November 2015

Background Online trials are rapidly growing in number, offering potential benefits but also methodological, ethical and social challenges. The International Network for Knowledge on Well-being (ThinkWell™) aims to increase public and patient participation in the prioritisation, design and conduct of research through the use of technologies. Objective We aim to provide a baseline understanding of the online trial environment, determining how many trials have used internet-based technologies; how they have been used; and how use has developed over time. Methods We searched a range of bibliographic databases to March 2015, with no date limits, supplemented by citation searching and references provided by experts in the field. Results were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria, and included studies mapped against a number of key dimensions, with key themes developed iteratively throughout the process. Results We identified 1992 internet-based trials to March 2015. The number of reported studies increased substantially over the study timeframe. The largest number of trials were conducted in the USA (49.7%), followed by The Netherlands (10.2%); Australia (8.5%); the United Kingdom (5.8%); Sweden (4.6%); Canada (4%); and Germany (2.6%). South Korea (1.5%) has the highest number of reported trials for other continents. There is a predominance of interventions addressing core public health challenges including obesity (8.6%), smoking cessation (5.9%), alcohol abuse (7.7%) and physical activity (10.2%); in mental health issues such as depression (10.9%) and anxiety (5.6%); and conditions where self-management (16.6%) or monitoring (8.1%) is a major feature of care. Conclusions The results confirm an increase in the use of the internet in trials. Key themes have emerged from the analysis and further research will be undertaken in order to investigate how the data can be used to improve trial design and recruitment, and to build an open access resource to support the public-led research agenda.
SIK inhibition in human myeloid cells modulates TLR and IL-1R signaling and induces an anti-inflammatory phenotype
Authors: Lombardi Maria Stella , Gilliéron Corine , Dietrich Damien , Gabay Cem 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Macrophage polarization into a phenotype producing high levels of anti-inflammatory IL-10 and low levels of proinflammatory IL-12 and TNF-α cytokines plays a pivotal role in the resolution of inflammation. Salt-inducible kinases synergize with TLR signaling to restrict the formation of these macrophages. The expression and function of salt-inducible kinase in primary human myeloid cells are poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrated that the differentiation from peripheral blood monocytes to macrophages or dendritic cells induced a marked up-regulation of salt-inducible kinase protein expression. With the use of 2 structurally unrelated, selective salt-inducible kinase inhibitors, HG-9-91-01 and ARN-3236, we showed that salt-inducible kinase inhibition significantly decreased proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-12p40) and increased IL-10 secretion by human myeloid cells stimulated with TLR2 and-4 agonists. Differently than in mouse cells, salt-inducible kinase inhibition did not enhance IL-1Ra production in human macrophages. Salt-inducible kinase inhibition blocked several markers of proinflammatory (LPS + IFN-γ)-polarized macrophages [M(LPS + IFN-γ)] and induced a phenotype characterized by low TNF-α/IL-6/IL-12p70 and high IL-10. The downstream effects observed with salt-inducible kinase inhibitors on cytokine modulation correlated with direct salt-inducible kinase target (CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3 and histone deacetylase 4) dephosphorylation in these cells. More importantly, we showed for the first time that salt-inducible kinase inhibition decreases proinflammatory cytokines in human myeloid cells upon IL-1R stimulation. Altogether, our results expand the potential therapeutic use of salt-inducible kinase inhibitors in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
De Damas à Urbino
Authors: Grévin Benoît 
Published: November 2015

RésuméL’Italie renaissante (1370-1520) offre un champ d’exploration privilégié pour poser à nouveaux frais la question de la circulation des connaissances arabes et portant sur l’arabe dans l’espace méditerranéen, à l’intersection duDār al-Islāmet de l’Europe latine. Une approche inspirée de la sociolinguistique et combinant histoire des réseaux marchands, curiaux et communautaires et étude des témoignages textuels permet de dépasser les clivages traditionnels pour reconstituer les contours de cultures multiples, en perpétuelle évolution. Les « arabes italiens » de la Renaissance sont en effet alimentés aussi bien par les réseaux marchands italiens dans le monde arabe que par les pratiques linguistiques des communautés juives péninsulaires et, surtout, siciliennes. Les connaissances de tous ordres ainsi accumulées trouvent des débouchés originaux dans les cours du Quattrocento, intéressées à des stratégies de déploiement de savoirs linguistiques exotiques, sans pour autant être pérennisées au travers d’un enseignement orientaliste encore à venir.
L'histoire médiévale de la raison philosophique moderne (XVIIIe-XIXe siècles)
Authors: König-Pralong Catherine 
Published: November 2015

RésuméL’histoire de la philosophie qui s’établit comme discipline académique aux XVIIIeet XIXesiècles narre l’histoire de la raison philosophique de l’Antiquité à son achèvement moderne. À l’âge qui s’est dit « moderne », cette historicisation de la raison procède d’une rationalisation de l’histoire de la philosophie, qui vise à légitimer la supériorité de la modernité européenne sur les autres cultures, notamment arabe, chinoise et africaine. À partir de 1780, les historiens de la philosophie et de la culture démarquent en effet la rationalité (indo-)européenne des cultures sémitiques. La raison européenne est caractérisée par une composante philosophique de nature « grecque » et par une culture chrétienne dont les racines sont découvertes durant le Moyen Âge. Dans cette construction, le Moyen Âge et les Arabes occupent des places centrales. Le Moyen Âge est en effet le lieu historiographique de l’acculturation chrétienne de la philosophie grecque. « Peuple sémitique », les Arabes se voient quant à eux dénier toute forme de rationalité scientifique ou philosophique, bien que la destinée de la philosophie grecque fût arabe avant d’être latine, au Moyen Âge précisément.
L'équilibre dynamique au Moyen Âge central
Authors: Boureau Alain 
Published: November 2015

RésuméLe livre de Joel Kaye,A History of Balance, 1250-1375, offre une avancée sur les notions de mentalités et de représentations. L’auteur repère et analyse, chez les acteurs de l’histoire entre 1250 et 1375, ce qu’il construit comme un modèle, en désignant ainsi la notion assumée d’équilibre dynamique et autonome : les éléments du réel se règlent constamment pour atteindre une position médiane de stabilité. Les cas du livre portent sur l’histoire de l’économie, de la médecine et de la philosophie naturelle. Leur sont adjointes des illustrations propres à la théologie (sur les indulgences) et à l’éthique (sur les restitutions).