bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LITOQUÍMICA DOS DIQUES MÁFICOS PARÁ DE MINAS (MG-BRASIL) ASSOCIADOS À UMA PROVÁVEL PLUMA MANTÉLICA ESTATERIANA DE MATO GROSSO-GOIÁS
Authors: Chaves Alexandre de Oliveira 
Published: November 2015

Os diques máficos do Enxame Pará de Minas-MG (1,72 Ga) apresentam-se majoritariamente como diabásios faneríticos e às vezes como corpos porfiríticos, com fenocristais de plagioclásio. São litoquimicamente caracterizados como basaltos de alto-titânio, na sua maioria subalcalinos, sendo alguns alcalinos. Guardam anomalias negativas de európio e estrôncio associadas ao fracionamento do plagioclásio, bem como anomalias negativas de nióbio e razão inicial 87Sr/86Sr elevada aparentemente relacionadas a possíveis processos de contaminação crustal. Destaca-se sua assinatura de fonte enriquecida em elementos incompatíveis tipo OIB (oceanic island basalts). Tais características químicas, em associação aos registros de fluxo magmático subhorizontal dos diques e aos processos Estaterianos contemporâneos de rifteamento, sedimentação e magmatismo bimodal (ácido e básico) anorogênico, remetem à atividade de uma pluma mantélica no centro-sudeste do Brasil ao final do Paleoproterozóico.Palavras-chave: Diques máficos, OIB, pluma mantélica, Estateriano, Brasil. Abstract: LITHOCHEMISTRY OF THE PARÁ DE MINAS MAFIC DYKES RELATED TO A PROBABLE STATHERIAN MANTLE PLUME OF MATO GROSSO-GOIÁS (BRAZIL). Mafic dykes of the Pará de Minas Swarm-MG (1.72 Ga) are essentially phaneritic dolerites and eventually porphiritic, with plagioclase phenocrysts. The lithochemistry of the dykes shows they are high-Ti subalkaline basalts, but high-Ti alkaline bodies are sometimes also found. All of them keep Eu and Sr negative anomalies related to plagioclase fractionation. Nb negative anomalies and high 87Sr/86Sr initial ratio associated to probable crustal contamination processes can also be verified. They show OIB-like (oceanic island basalts) enriched source signature. Such chemical features in association with their subhorizontal magmatic flow and Statherian contemporary processes of rifting, sedimentation, anorogenic bimodal acid and basic magmatism, refer to the mantle plume activity in the central and southeast Brazil at Late Paleoproterozoic.Keywords: Mafic dykes, OIB, mantle plume, Statherian, Brazil.
La “antracnosis” (Colletotrichum spp.) en viveros forestales
Authors: Arguedas-Gamboa Marcela , Cots-Ibiza Jaume 
Published: November 2015

<p>Se describen las características de la enfermedad denominada “antracnosis” (<em>Colletotrichum spp.</em>), como hospederos, síntomas, ciclo de vida y manejo, con énfasis en viveros forestales. En Costa Rica se ha reportado en plántulas de las especies <em>Acacia mangium, Araucaria sp., Astronium graveolens, Dypterix panamensis, Ceiba pentandra, Dalbergia retusa, Eryobotria japonica, Erythrina poeppigiana, Eucalyptus cinerea, Eucalyptus deglupta, Gliricidia sepium, Hymenaea courbaril, Inga edulis, Samanea saman, Terminalia catappa, Trichilia havanensis y Vochysia guatemalensis.</em></p>
Using the Delphi Method for Selecting Effective Rehabilitation Practices for Case Study Research: Methods, Challenges, and Solutions and Implications forFuture Research
Authors: Fleming Allison R. , Boeltzig-Brown Heike , Foley Susan M. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose: We describe a modified Delphi method used to select effective state vocational rehabilitation agency practices to prioritize rehabilitation services for individuals with most significant disabilities within the context of Order of Selection, an area where there is little known and published. Specifically, we describe how we applied the Delphi method to case study selection, the methods challenges we faced, and how we addressed those issues. Implications for future research are also discussed.Method: We used a structured nomination process to identify potential practices. An expe.rt panel (N = 12) provided input on the development of indicators of effective rehabilitation practices and rated the nominated practices.Results: Selection of the practices for case study research was based on the ratings from the expert panel, including quantitative and qualitative feedback. Of the 10 practices considered by the panel, the 7 practices with the highest ratings were included in the sample.Conclusions: Using the collective expertise of panelists through a modified Delphi process to select the final case study sample was effective for this research. The panel provided an objective, group-level perspective on the merit of the practices as well as the fit with the goals of the case study.
A High Performance Power Package for Wide Bandgap Semiconductors Using Novel Wire Bondless Power Interconnections
Authors: Stabach Jennifer , Cole Zach , O'Neal Chad B. , McPherson Brice , Shaw Robert , Passmore Brandon 
Published: November 2015

Silicon carbide (SiC) wide bandgap semiconductor power device technologies offer improved electrical and thermal performance over silicon in high performance power electronic applications, such as hybrid or fully electric vehicles, aerospace, solar inverters, and advanced military systems. However, current packaging limitations make it difficult to operate these devices to their full potential. One such limitation includes die interconnections, which are traditionally made using large diameter aluminum wire bonds.
This discussion introduces an innovative wire bondless interconnect technique for power packaging called PowerStep. This approach includes a precision etched metal tab with raised regions matching the size and location of device terminals and trenches to accommodate critical features on devices such as passivated surfaces. The tab offers a low profile, low inductance, low resistance, high electrical and thermal conductivity, and mechanically rugged interconnection solution. PowerStep has been implemented to facilitate a single-step interconnection method for a 600 to 1700 V SiC electronics package, replacing wire bonds which are connected one at a time. In addition, a key element of this package is the absence of a baseplate, resulting in lower weight, volume, and cost, as well as reduced manufacturing complexity. The electrical, thermal, and mechanical characteristics of PowerStep interconnections are analyzed and compared to conventional aluminum wire bonds to demonstrate the advantages of wire bondless interconnections coupled with wide bandgap devices. The low parasitics and junction-to-case thermal resistance of the package combined with PowerStep interconnects capture the high performance of SiC for power applications.
Control of 3D IC process steps by optical metrologies
Authors: Fresquet G. , Le Cunff D. , Raymond Th. , de Vries D. K. 
Published: November 2015

This paper evaluates various optical metrology techniques for in-line control of the uniformity of 3D stacked structures.
Advanced packaging technologies are rapidly evolving and 3D architectures require very well controlled process steps. Optical metrology techniques are now used for TSV but also for interconnect processing. In engineering mode, at the process implementation step, these techniques must be evaluated and then used to get uniform and repeatable processes.
Among the 3D TSV Via middle process flow, the temporary bonding, wafer thinning and TSV reveal are key 3D process steps to get a uniform backside copper nail signature. High aspect ratio TSV are etched in Front End of the line and deep reactive ion etching systems generates radial non uniformities signatures. The wafer backside processing challenge consists in compensating this issue among the entire wafer surface.
In this paper, all these process steps were characterized in order to quantify their specific intra-wafer dispersion signature .of the related key parameters. Cross correlation between the various intra-wafer process step signatures was then analyzed to verify the data set consistency and several process parameters analyzed to get a simple model. This model was then used to get a very uniform copper nail signature.
For small diameter TSV and corresponding copper nails, a comparison has been done between full field OCT and confocal chromatic techniques.
Preface
Authors: Tiainen Milla , Kontturi Katve-Kaisa , Hongisto Ilona 
Published: November 2015

This preface to the special section Movement, Aesthetics, Ontology: Generating New Materialisms in Arts and Humanities introduces the articles and provides the context for their inclusion. It shows how across the social sciences and humanities, new materialism and neomaterialism are increasingly being used as labels for analytical approaches that seek to reclaim the indispensable and transforming involvement of materialities in everything from political economy to everyday life and the constitution of gender, race and sexuality.
Analysis of the Clinical and Histopathological Patterns of 100 Consecutive Cases of Primary Cutaneous Melanoma and Correlation with Staging
Authors: Nam Kyung Wook , Bae Yong Chan , Bae Seong Hwan , Song Kyung Ho , Kim Hoon Soo , Choi Young Jin 
Published: November 2015

Background This study analyzed 100 consecutive patients with primary cutaneous melanoma over the course of 13 years to determine whether epidemiological differences correspond to different stages of the disease. We also investigated whether epidemiological characteristics affected the survival rate. Our results were compared with those of selected descriptive studies of melanoma in other East Asian populations, in order to determine whether cutaneous melanoma patterns are similar in East Asian populations.
Methods The patients' medical records were reviewed retrospectively, and we analyzed the relationship of epidemiological characteristics to staging and survival rate. Additionally, papers from Hong Kong and Japan describing these phenomena in East Asian populations were subjected to a statistical comparison.
Results The ratio of males to females was 1:1.8, and the foot was the most frequent tumor site (49%). Acral lentiginous melanoma occurred most frequently (55%). Nodular melanoma was associated with a higher stage. Stage III-IV tumors with Clark levels of IV-V were significantly associated with a low survival rate. A statistical analysis of comparable papers reported in Hong Kong and Japan showed similar results with regard to age, tumor location, and histopathological subtypes.
Conclusions This study provides the first full epidemiological description of 100 consecutive cases of primary cutaneous melanoma in Korea, with results similar to those observed in other East Asian populations. Corresponding to previous findings, nodular melanoma tended to occur at a higher stage than other types, and tumors with high Clark levels and high stages showed a lower survival rate.
Constraints on the global marine iron cycle from a simple inverse model
Authors: Frants Marina , Holzer Mark , DeVries Timothy , Matear Richard 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA simple model of the global marine iron cycle is used to constrain the sources, sinks, and biological cycling of iron. The iron model is embedded in a data‐assimilated steady state circulation, with biological cycling driven by a prescribed, data‐constrained phosphate cycle. Biogeochemical parameters are determined by minimizing a suitably weighted quadratic mismatch with available dissolved iron (dFe) observations, including GEOTRACES transects. Because the effective iron sources and sinks overlap, current dFe observations cannot constrain sources and sinks independently. We therefore determine a family of optimal solutions for a range of the aeolian source strength σA from 0.3 to 6.1 Gmol/yr. We find that the dFe observations constrain the maximum Fe:P uptake ratio R0 to be proportional to σA, with a range that spans most available measurements. Thus, with either R0 or σA specified, a unique solution is determined. Global inventories of total and free iron are well constrained at (7.4 ± 0.2) × 1011 and (1.39 ± 0.05) × 1010 mol Fe, respectively. The dFe distributions are very similar across the family of solutions, with iron limitation in the known high‐nutrient low‐chlorophyll regions. Hydrothermal source strength ranges from 0.57 to 0.73 Gmol/yr and does not vary systematically with σA suggesting that the hydrothermal and aeolian parts of the iron cycle are largely decoupled. The hydrothermal dFe anomaly in the euphotic zone is ∼10% and concentrated in subpolar regions of iron limitation. Enhanced ligand concentrations in old waters and in hydrothermal plumes are necessary to capture key features of the dFe observations.
Hydration and diffusion processes shape microbial community organization and function in model soil aggregates
Authors: Ebrahimi Ali , Or Dani 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThe constantly changing soil hydration status affects gas and nutrient diffusion through soil pores and thus the functioning of soil microbial communities. The conditions within soil aggregates are of particular interest due to limitations to oxygen diffusion into their core, and the presence of organic carbon often acting as binding agent. We developed a model for microbial life in simulated soil aggregates comprising of 3‐D angular pore network model (APNM) that mimics soil hydraulic and transport properties. Within these APNM, we introduced individual motile (flagellated) microbial cells with different physiological traits that grow, disperse, and respond to local nutrients and oxygen concentrations. The model quantifies the dynamics and spatial extent of anoxic regions that vary with hydration conditions, and their role in shaping microbial community size and activity and the spatial (self) segregation of anaerobes and aerobes. Internal carbon source and opposing diffusion directions of oxygen and carbon within an aggregate were essential to emergence of stable coexistence of aerobic and anaerobic communities (anaerobes become extinct when carbon sources are external). The model illustrates a range of hydration conditions that promote or suppress denitrification or decomposition of organic matter and thus affect soil GHG emissions. Model predictions of CO2 and N2O production rates were in good agreement with limited experimental data. These limited tests support the dynamic modeling approach whereby microbial community size, composition, and spatial arrangement emerge from internal interactions within soil aggregates. The upscaling of the results to a population of aggregates of different sizes embedded in a soil profile is underway.
Weight Loss, Xanthine Oxidase, and Serum Urate Levels: A Prospective Longitudinal Study of Obese Patients
Authors: Richette Pascal , Poitou Christine , Manivet Philippe , Denis Jérome , Bouillot Jean‐Luc , Clément Karine , Oppert Jean‐Michel , Bardin Thomas 
Published: November 2015

ObjectiveThe mechanisms by which weight loss decreases serum uric acid (SUA) levels are poorly known. We aimed to investigate the role played by xanthine oxidase (XOD), metabolic status, and low‐grade inflammation in decreased SUA levels induced by weight loss in obese patients.MethodsData were from a series of consecutive patients with severe obesity involved in a bariatric surgery program. Measurements of body composition and biologic samples were obtained before surgery and 6 months after surgery.ResultsAmong the 154 patients (mean ± SD age 41.0 ± 12.3 years, body mass index [BMI] 47.8 ± 7.2 kg/m2, 81% female), the mean ± SD weight loss at 6 months was 31.3 ± 7.8 kg. Reduction in SUA levels was modest (−10%): 4.98 ± 1.21 mg/dl at 6 months versus 5.52 ± 1.33 mg/dl at baseline (P < 0.001). The decrease in SUA levels was greatest (−18%) in hyperuricemic patients (n = 48). In these patients, circulating XOD activity decreased with weight loss (P < 0.0001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed decreased SUA levels associated with decreased triglyceride levels (P = 0.0001) and BMI (P = 0.02) but not XOD activity, adipokine levels (leptin and adiponectin), insulin resistance, or levels of inflammatory variables (interleukin 6, orosomucoid, fibrinogen, and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein).ConclusionIn obese patients, weight loss was associated with a decrease in both SUA levels and XOD activity. Our findings suggest that reduced SUA levels are not mediated by decreased XOD activity or improved insulin resistance but could be partly due to a reduction in triglyceride levels.
Atom Economic Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Bulky β‐Oxo Esters
Authors: Jeschke Janine , Korb Marcus , Rüffer Tobias , Gäbler Christian , Lang Heinrich 
Published: November 2015

AbstractRuthenium complexes with the formulae Ru(CO)2(PR3)2(O2CPh)2 [6a–h; R=n‐Bu, p‐MeO‐C6H4, p‐Me‐C6H4, Ph, p‐Cl‐C6H4, m‐Cl‐C6H4, p‐CF3‐C6H4, m,m′‐(CF3)2C6H3] were prepared by treatment of triruthenium dodecacarbonyl [Ru3(CO)12] with the respective phosphine and benzoic acid or by the conversion of Ru(CO)3(PR3)2 (8e–h) with benzoic acid. During the preparation of 8, ruthenium hydride complexes of type Ru(CO)(PR3)3(H)2 (9g, h) could be isolated as side products. The molecular structures of the newly synthesized complexes in the solid state are discussed. Compounds 6a–h were found to be highly effective catalysts in the addition of carboxylic acids to propargylic alcohols to give valuable β‐oxo esters. The catalyst screening revealed a considerably influence of the phosphine′s electronic nature on the resulting activities. The best performances were obtained with complexes 6g and 6h, featuring electron‐withdrawing phosphine ligands. Additionally, catalyst 6g is very active in the conversion of sterically demanding substrates, leading to a broad substrate scope. The catalytic preparation of simple as well as challenging substrates succeeds with catalyst 6g in yields that often exceed those of established literature systems. Furthermore, the reactions can be carried out with catalyst loadings down to 0.1 mol% and reaction temperatures down to 50 °C.magnified image
Aqueous PUA emulsion prepared by dispersing polyurethane prepolymer in polyacrylate emulsion
Authors: Yuan Caideng , Wang Jingpeng , Cui Mingtong , Peng Yan 
Published: November 2015

ABSTRACTWaterborne polyurethane/polyacrylate (PUA) emulsions were prepared by dispersing polyurethane (PU) prepolymer in polyacrylate (PA) emulsion; therefore, the PU particles formed in the presence of PA nanoparticles. The particle size and its distribution of the composite PUA emulsion were determined by dynamic light scattering. The result shows that the average particle size increases initially and then decreases with increasing PA content, which is confirmed by transmission electron microscope characterization. The surface properties of PUA films were analyzed by water contact angle and atomic force microscope topography. It indicates that the water contact angle and the average roughness of the composite PUA films are larger than those of the PU film. Meanwhile, mechanical properties test, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analyses disclose that the PUA films are characterized by enhanced tensile strength, rough fractured surface, and good thermal stability. The preparation method proposed in this article is an effective and convenient way to manufacture composite PUA emulsion. The composite PUA emulsion can be potentially used in coatings. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 43203.
Activation‐Induced Killer Cell Immunoglobulin‐like Receptor 3DL2 Binding to HLA–B27 Licenses Pathogenic T Cell Differentiation in Spondyloarthritis
Authors: Ridley Anna , Hatano Hiroko , Wong‐Baeza Isabel , Shaw Jacqueline , Matthews Katherine K. , Al‐Mossawi Hussein , Ladell Kristin , Price David A. , Bowness Paul , Kollnberger Simon 
Published: November 2015

Objective In the spondyloarthritides (SpA), increased numbers of CD4+ T cells express killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor 3DL2 (KIR‐3DL2). The aim of this study was to determine the factors that induce KIR‐3DL2 expression, and to characterize the relationship between HLA–B27 and the phenotype and function of KIR‐3DL2–expressing CD4+ T cells in SpA.Methods In total, 34 B27+ patients with SpA, 28 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls (20 B27− and 8 B27+), and 9 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were studied. KIR-3DL2 expression and other phenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood and synovial fluid CD4+ T cells were studied by flow cytometry, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. T cell receptor clonality was determined by template‐switch anchored reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and sequencing analysis. Cytokines were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.ResultsCellular activation induced KIR‐3DL2 expression on both naive and effector CD4+ T cells. KIR‐3DL2 binding to B27+ cells promoted expression of KIR‐3DL2, the Th17‐specific transcription factor retinoic acid receptor–related orphan nuclear receptor γt, and the antiapoptotic factor B cell lymphoma 2. KIR‐3DL2+CD4+ T cells in patients with ankylosing spondylitis were oligoclonal and enriched for markers of T cell activation and for the gut homing receptor CCR9. In the presence of B27+ antigen‐presenting cells, KIR‐3DL2+CD4+ T cells produced less interleukin‐2 (IL‐2) but more IL‐17. This effect was blocked by HC10, an antibody that inhibits the binding of KIR‐3DL2 to B27 heavy chains.ConclusionKIR‐3DL2 binding to HLA–B27 licenses Th17 cell differentiation in SpA. These findings raise the therapeutic potential of targeting HLA–B27–KIR‐3DL2 interactions for the treatment of B27+ patients with SpA.
LISP controller: a centralized LISP management system for ISP networks
Authors: Jeong Taeyeol , Li Jian , Hyun Jonghwan , Yoo Jae‐Hyoung , Hong James Won‐Ki 
Published: November 2015

SummaryAs the current Internet architecture is suffering from scalability issues, the network research community has proposed alternative designs for the Internet architecture. Among those solutions that adopt the idea of locator/identifier split paradigm, the locator/identifier separation protocol (LISP) has been considered as the most promising solution because of its incrementally deployable feature. Despite various advantages provided by LISP, many ISPs are still conservative to adopt LISP into their production network because the standard LISP does not fully satisfy ISP's requirements on LISP‐enabled services. In this paper, we define ISP's requirements on LISP‐enabled commercial services and describe limitations of the standard LISP from an ISP's perspective. Also, we propose LISP controller, a centralized LISP management system. By using LISP controller, we evaluate three ISP's representative LISP use cases: traffic engineering, virtual machine live migration, and vertical handover. The results show that the proposed LISP controller provides centralized management, controllability, and fast map entry update, without any modifications on the standard LISP. LISP controller allows an ISP to control and manage its LISP‐enabled services while satisfying ISP's requirements. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Small Atomic Orbital Basis Set First‐Principles Quantum Chemical Methods for Large Molecular and Periodic Systems: A Critical Analysis of Error Sources
Authors: Sure Rebecca , Brandenburg Jan Gerit , Grimme Stefan 
Published: November 2015

AbstractIn quantum chemical computations the combination of Hartree–Fock or a density functional theory (DFT) approximation with relatively small atomic orbital basis sets of double‐zeta quality is still widely used, for example, in the popular B3LYP/6‐31G* approach. In this Review, we critically analyze the two main sources of error in such computations, that is, the basis set superposition error on the one hand and the missing London dispersion interactions on the other. We review various strategies to correct those errors and present exemplary calculations on mainly noncovalently bound systems of widely varying size. Energies and geometries of small dimers, large supramolecular complexes, and molecular crystals are covered. We conclude that it is not justified to rely on fortunate error compensation, as the main inconsistencies can be cured by modern correction schemes which clearly outperform the plain mean‐field methods.