bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilização de cinco bases cartográficas distintas para a determinação de áreas de preservação permanente no município de Rio Acima, MG: divergências en-tre os resultados / Using five different cartographic bases for determining permanent preservation area
Authors: Guimarães Felipe Silva , Guimarães Lucas Da Silva 
Published: December 2016

<p>O estudo foi realizado no município de Rio Acima, localizado ao sul da região metropolitana de Belo Horizonte - MG. Na primeira etapa, foi feita a determinação das áreas de preservação permanente (APPs) do município, segundo a Lei 12.651 e a resolução CONAMA 303/2002 (esta última para delimitar as APPs de topo de morro), utilizando cinco bases topográficas distintas: vetorização de cartas do IBGE na escala de 1:50.000, imagem SRTM, Topodata, ASTER V2 e uma base vetorial disponibilizada pelo Codemig com curvas de nível equidistantes em 10 metros. Na segunda etapa, foram calculadas as áreas de cada uma das classes de APP resultantes dos mapeamentos feitos a partir de todas as bases e, em seguida, estes valores foram comparados. Ao final, foi observado que os resultados obtidos a partir da base do IBGE e da imagem ASTER V2 são os que apresentam característica mais restritiva, ou seja, com maiores áreas de preservação. Por outro lado, o mapa de áreas de preservação permanente confeccionado a partir da imagem SRTM foi o que apresentou caráter menos restritivo. Neste estudo também são discutidas outras diferenças entre os mapas elaborados a partir das cinco bases. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Município de Rio Acima, áreas de preservação permanente, modelos digitais de elevação, resolução espacial.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This study was conducted in the municipality of Rio Acima (Minas Gerais State) located in the southern Belo Horizonte metropolitan region. In the first stage five different topographic bases were used to lay down the city permanent preservation areas (PPA) according to the Law 12,651 and CONAMA resolution 303/2002 (the latter to delimit the hilltop’s PPAs PPAs). These bases are the following: the vector at a 1:50.000 scale provided by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), SRTM image, image provided by INPE Topodata project, ASTER V2 Image and a vector base released by Codemig with 10 meters contour distance. In the second stage the areas of each one PPA classes were calculated resulting from all mapping bases. Then these values were compared. Finally it was observed that the results obtained from the ASTER V2 image and IBGE base are those with more restrictive features or in other words the result with lager PPAs. Moreover, the map of permanent preservation areas made from SRTM image showed the least restrictive character. This study also discusses other differences between the maps drawn from the five bases.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Rio Acima municipality, permanent preservation areas, digital elevation models, spacial resolution.</p>
A Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais / The Geography of Climbing in Minas Gerais
Authors: Contaldo de Lara Diego , Barbosa Caldeira Altino 
Published: December 2016

<p>Nossa pesquisa surgiu com objetivo de realizar o inventário e mapeamento da <em>Escalada</em> em Minas Gerais. Essa atividade é uma prática mundial, antiga, mas que historicamente é recente em nosso estado. Para realização desta pesquisa, partimos do estudo de dados gerados pela Federação de Montanhismo e Escalada de Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) e de registros realizados por escaladores, clubes e entidades civis de escalada e montanhismo. Tais registros possuem grande valor geográfico. Porém, essas informações disponíveis não apresentam aprofundamento de análise que representem sínteses sobre o desenvolvimento e fluxo da atividade. Por meio das técnicas de geoprocessamento, trabalhos de campo, entrevistas, tratamento e espacialização dos dados disponíveis e outros que estão sendo coletados, pretendemos realizar a Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais.</p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Nossa pesquisa surgiu com objetivo de realizar o inventário e mapeamento da <em>Escalada</em> em Minas Gerais. Essa atividade é uma prática mundial, antiga, mas que historicamente é recente em nosso estado. Para realização desta pesquisa, partimos do estudo de dados gerados pela Federação de Montanhismo e Escalada de Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) e de registros realizados por escaladores, clubes e entidades civis de escalada e montanhismo. Tais registros possuem grande valor geográfico. Porém, essas informações disponíveis não apresentam aprofundamento de análise que representem sínteses sobre o desenvolvimento e fluxo da atividade. Por meio das técnicas de geoprocessamento, trabalhos de campo, entrevistas, tratamento e espacialização dos dados disponíveis e outros que estão sendo coletados, pretendemos realizar a Geografia da Escalada em Minas Gerais.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Geografia. Escalada. Minas Gerais.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Our research came with the purpose of carrying out the inventory, mapping and special analysis of the Climbing in Minas Gerais. This activity is a world practice, old but historically recent in our state. To carry out this research, we started with the study of data generated by the Federation of Mountaineering and Climbing of Minas Gerais (FEMEMG) and of records made by climbers, clubs and civil organizations of climbing and mountaineering. Such records have great geographical value. However, this available information does not present deep analysis that represents syntheses about the development and flow of the activity. Through the techniques of geoprocessing, fieldwork, interviews, treatment and spatialization of available data and from some others that are being collected, we intend to carry out the Geography of Climbing in Minas Gerais.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Geography. Climbing. Minas Gerais</p>
Avaliação da vulnerabilidade ambiental do distrito de Glaura - Município de Ouro Preto-MG / The Environmental Vulnerability Evaluation of the Glaura District - Ouro Preto-MG
Authors: Ferreira Cruz Ewerton , Aparecida de Freitas Neiva Janaína , Inácio Rafael Douglas , Ferreira Costa Paulo Sérgio , Antonio Maciel Moreira Alecir 
Published: December 2016

<p>Glaura, um distrito de Ouro Preto, que faz parte do circuito da Estrada Real em Minas Gerais, possui elevado potencial turístico, seja por seus atributos naturais ou herança histórica. Isto tem se revertido em investimento imobiliário e, de forma subsequente, em expansão urbana. Todavia, de forma geral, a expansão urbana carece da observação de parâmetros técnicos para fins de planejamento, o que potencializa a geração de riscos ambientais. Desta forma, objetivo desta pesquisa é avaliar os riscos ambientais naturais deste Distrito, de forma a subsidiar o Plano Diretor do Município de Ouro Preto. Sua relevância social repousa na necessidade da redução do potencial de riscos e, na perspectiva geográfica evidencia a necessidade desta ciência para a gestão do território, mostrando ser fundamental para a tomada de decisão. O resultado final é o mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental produzido por meio de técnicas de geoprocessamento e desenvolvido a partir da metodologia utilizada por Crepani et al.<em> </em>(2001).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Vulnerabilidade Ambiental; Glaura; Estrada Real; Gestão de Território; Geologia.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>Glaura, a district of Ouro Preto, which is part of the Royal Road circuit (Estrada Real) in Minas Gerais state, has high tourist potential, either by its natural attributes or historical heritage. This has been reversed in real estate investment and subsequent form in urban expansion. However, in general, urban expansion requires the observation of technical parameters for planning purposes, which enhances the generation of environmental risks. Thus, the goal of this research is to evaluate the natural environmental risks of this District, in order to support the Master Plan of the Ouro Preto city. Its social relevance is grounded in the need to reduce the potential risk and the geographical perspective highlights the need for this science to the territory management, proving to be primordial for decision-making. The end result is the environmental vulnerability map produced by geoprocessing techniques and developed from the methodology used by Crepani et al. (2001).</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Environmental Vulnerability. Glaura. Royal Road. Territory Management. Geology.</p>
De Corinto a Diamantina: geossistemas no contato entre a Planície do Rio das Velhas e a Serra do Espinhaço Meridional, Minas Gerais / From Corinto to Diamantina: Geosystems in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the Southern Espinhaço (...)
Authors: Couto Leandro Cosme Oliveira , Travassos Luiz Eduardo Panisset 
Published: December 2016

<p>O trabalho busca a identificação dos geossistemas existentes no contato entre a planície do Rio das Velhas e a borda oeste da Serra do Espinhaço Meridional. Esta área surge como amostra representativa de ampla diversidade geoecológica em razão de sua localização. A pesquisa baseou-se nos conceitos de paisagem e de geossistemas, norteando os trabalhos de campo. Os dados digitais fornecidos por órgãos oficiais foram levantados e consolidados, permitindo a realização de três transectos e a identificação de 04 geossistemas na área de estudos. De oeste para leste, partindo do município de Corinto até Diamantina, tem-se a <em>Planície do Rio das Velhas</em>, o <em>Carste de Monjolos</em>, a <em>Serra do Cabral</em> e a <em>Serra do Espinhaço Meridional</em>, sendo este último compartimento composto por 03 geofácies (<em>Face Oeste</em>, <em>Interflúvio</em> e <em>Face Leste</em>). Estes geossistemas confirmam a diversidade geoecológica existente no contato entre a planície do Rio das Velhas e a borda oeste da Serra do Espinhaço Meridional.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Palavras–chave:</strong> Paisagem; geossistema; carste; Serra do Espinhaço Meridional.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This research has the objective of identifying existing geosystems in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the western edge of the Southern Espinhaço Ridge. This area appears as a representative example of a broad geoecological diversity due to its location. The research was based on the concepts of landscape and geosystems that guided the fieldworks. The digital data provided by official agencies were gathered and consolidated, enabling the execution of three transects and the identification of 04 geosystems in the study area. From west to east, from the municipality of Corinto to Diamantina, there is the Rio das Velhas Plain, the Karst of Monjolos, the Serra do Cabral and the Southern Espinhaço Ridge, the latter compartment is made of 03 geofacies (<em>West Face, Interfluve and East Face</em>). These geosystems confirm the geoecological diversity that exists in the contact between the Rio das Velhas Plain and the western edge of the Southern Espinhaço Ridge.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Landscape; geosystems; karst; Southern Espinhaço Ridge.</p>
Além do portão de desembarque: uma análise da conectividade dos aeroportos portugueses e suas implicações sobre os fluxos migratórios / Beyond the boarding gate: an analysis of the Portuguese airports and their implications on migration flows
Authors: Sá Patricia Rodrigues Costa , Fernandes Duval Magalhães 
Published: December 2016

<p>Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a posição estratégica de Portugal no mapa migratório da Europa, a partir dos fluxos aéreos coletados entre os aeroportos do país, outros aeroportos da União Europeia e países de língua portuguesa. Baseia-se na concepção de redes e grafos para elaborar um retrato da conectividade aérea, através da análise de dados de voos de um dia de semana típico. Mediante análise comparativa da conectividade aérea de Portugal e de outros aeroportos europeus, desperta para a vulnerabilidade de aeroportos e cidades situados em nós aéreos estratégicos, bem como para a necessidade de estudos sobre as redes de tráfego aéreo, paralelamente às redes sociais de migrantes.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Palavras-chave:</strong> Portugal, migrações, aeroportos, redes.<strong></strong></p><p><strong><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"> </span></em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract </strong></p><p>This paper aims at discussing the strategic position of Portugal on the migratory map of Europe from the perspective of the connections among its airports and other airports located in the European Union and in Portuguese-speaking countries. The approach relies on the concepts of networks and graphs to draw a picture of air connectivity from flight data collected on a typical weekday. The comparative analysis of air connectivity in Portugal, other airports in Europe and airports of Portuguese-speaking countries intends to shed a light on the vulnerability of airports and cities that represent nodal points from the perspective of air flows, as well as on the need for further studies that focus on aerial networks and social networks simultaneously. </p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Portugal, migrations, airports, networks.</p>
« Personne n’est antisémite, mais tout le monde est opposé à l’immigration1 ». Les discours des responsables politiques québécois sur les réfugiés juifs, 1938-1945
Authors: Dubé Sandra 
Published: December 2016

Le Canada fut un des nombreux pays où les Juifs européens fuyant les persécutions nazies cherchèrent asile dans les années 1930 et 1940. Un processus pour restreindre l’immigration était entamé depuis déjà plusieurs années et, à l’instar de plusieurs pays, le Canada n’adapta guère ses politiques d’immigration en fonction de ces circonstances tragiques. Les historiens ont cherché à comprendre les raisons de la fermeture du Canada aux réfugiés juifs et dans quelle mesure l’antisémitisme exerça une influence décisive sur cette situation. Si la Grande Dépression et la montée d’un sentiment d’hostilité envers les immigrants furent évoquées, plusieurs chercheurs ont conclu, également, à un manque d’empathie de la population et des hommes politiques pour les persécutions subies par les Juifs. Certains auteurs ont aussi fait référence au climat politique international tendu et radicalisé, marqué par l’ascension des idéologies comme le communisme et le fascisme. L’antisémitisme en vint ainsi à être considéré comme le principal facteur expliquant les politiques canadiennes d’immigration. Plus encore, on prêta au Québec une importante influence sur ces politiques et les Canadiens français furent désignés comme étant au mieux hostiles aux Juifs, sinon carrément antisémites. Alors que les opinions de nombreux acteurs furent étudiées dans ce contexte, le discours des responsables politiques eux-mêmes et spécialement les débats reconstitués de l’Assemblée législative du Québec furent peu explorés, en raison de leur récente disponibilité. Quels furent les propos et les positions des hommes politiques québécois à qui on attribua souvent un antisémitisme de facto ? Dans cet article, nous nous intéressons au discours des responsables politiques québécois sur les réfugiés juifs entre 1938 et 1945. À la lumière d’une mise en contexte du particularisme québécois et à l’aide d’une grille d’analyse du racisme et de sa terminologie, l’analyse de ces discours nous révèle un portrait plus complexe que l’historiographie ne l’a parfois laissé entendre.
The Currencies of Naturalism in Dutch Pronk Still-Life Painting: Luxury, Craft, Envisioned Affluence
Authors: Tokumitsu Miya 
Published: December 2016

En tant que mode de représentation, le naturalisme des natures mortes ostentatoires néerlandaises du XVIIe siècle suscite un désir consumériste. Pourtant, comme le mot l’indique, le naturalisme vise la représentation d’objets, de figures, et d’espaces d’une manière qui imite la réalité. Comment les pronkstilleven peuvent-elles prétendre à la vérité de la représentation naturaliste en même temps qu’elles incarnent le luxe, une forme de plaisir personnel déterminé par la valeur sociale ? Pour répondre à cette question, cet essai poursuit trois pistes de réflexion : le statut de la représentation naturaliste comme produit de luxe, les tensions entre l’artisanat et le travail dans ces tableaux, et enfin les distinctions entre l’abondance et l’affluence codifiée dans le naturalisme néerlandais.
Multiple-file vs. single-file endodontics in dental practice: a study in routine care
Authors: Bartols Andreas , Laux Gunter , Walther Winfried 
Published: December 2016

BackgroundLittle is known about the differences of rotary multiple file endodontic therapy and single-file reciprocating endodontic treatment under routine care conditions in dental practice. This multicenter study was performed to compare the outcome of multiple-file (MF) and single-file (SF) systems for primary root canal treatment under conditions of general dental practice regarding reduction of pain with a visual analogue scale (VAS 100), improvement of oral-health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) with the german short version of the oral health impact profile (OHIP-G-14) and the speed of root canal preparation.Materials and MethodsTen general dental practitioners (GDPs) participated in the study as practitioner-investigators (PI). In the first five-month period of the study, the GDPs treated patients with MF systems. After that, the GDPs treated the patients in the second five-month period with a SF system (WaveOne). The GDPs documented the clinical findings at the beginning and on completion of treatment. The patients documented their pain and OHRQoL before the beginning and before completion of treatment.ResultsA total of 599 patients were included in the evaluation. 280 patients were in the MF group, 319 were in the SF WaveOne group. In terms of pain reduction and improvement in OHIP-G-14, the improvement in both study groups (MF and SF) was very similar based on univariate analysis methods. Pain reduction was 34.4 (SD 33.7) VAS (MF) vs. 35.0 (SD 35.4) VAS (SF) (p = 0.840) and the improvement in OHIP-G-14 score was 9.4 (SD 10.3) (MF) vs. 8.5 (SD 10.2) (SF) (p = 0.365). The treatment time per root canal was 238.9 s (SD 206.2 s) (MF) vs. 146.8 sec. (SD 452.8 sec) (SF) (p = 0.003).DiscussionRegarding improvement of endodontic pain and OHRQoL measure with OHIP-G-14, there were no statistical significant differences between the SF und the MF systems. WaveOne-prepared root canals significantly faster than MF systems.
Morphodynamic modeling of fluvial channel fill and avulsion time scales during early Holocene transgression, as substantiated by the incised valley stratigraphy of the Trinity River, Texas
Authors: Moran Kaitlin E. , Nittrouer Jeffrey A. , Perillo Mauricio M. , Lorenzo‐Trueba Jorge , Anderson John B. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Trinity River system provides a natural laboratory for linking fluvial morphodynamics to stratigraphy produced by sea‐level rise, because the sediments occupying the Trinity incised valley are well constrained in terms of timing of deposition and facies distribution. Herein, the Trinity River is modeled for a range of base‐level rise rates, avulsion thresholds, and water discharges to explore the effects of backwater‐induced in‐channel sedimentation on channel avulsion. The findings are compared to observed sediment facies to evaluate the capability of a morphodynamic model to reproduce sediment deposition patterns. Base‐level rise produces mobile locations of in‐channel sedimentation and deltaic channel avulsions. For scenarios characteristic of early Holocene sea‐level rise (4.3 mm yr−1), the Trinity fluvial‐deltaic system progrades 13 m yr−1, followed by backstepping of 27 m yr−1. Avulsion is reached at the position of maximum sediment deposition (located 108 km upstream of the outlet) after 3,548 model years, based on sedimentation filling 30% of the channel. Under scenarios of greater base‐level rise, avulsion is impeded because the channel fill threshold is never achieved. Accounting for partitioning of bed‐material sediment between the channel and floodplain influences the timing and location of avulsion over millennial time scales: the time to avulsion is greatly increased. Sedimentation patterns within the valley, modeled and measured, indicate preference toward sandy bed material, and the rates of deposition are substantiated by previous measurements. Although the results here are specific to the Trinity River, the analysis provides a framework that is adaptable to other lowland fluvial‐deltaic systems.
Frequency range of dust detection in space with radio and plasma wave receivers: Theory and application to interplanetary nanodust impacts on Cassini
Authors: Meyer‐Vernet N. , Moncuquet M. , Issautier K. , Schippers P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWave instruments can detect dust in space via the charges released by impact ionization of fast dust grains. Each hypervelocity dust impact produces an electrostatic pulse whose short risetime is a major property determining the frequency range of detection. We propose a simplified analytical model to calculate this risetime and its variation with grains' mass and photoelectron or ambient plasma density, for pulses in spacecraft potential due to fast interplanetary nanodust impacts. We test these calculations by analyzing the high‐frequency receiver data of the radio and plasma wave instrument during the cruise phase of the Cassini mission between Earth and Jupiter. These data confirm the dependence of the risetime on grains' mass and speed and heliocentric distance predicted by our calculations. Furthermore, the data show that the nanodust properties follow closely the fluctuations of the solar wind velocity component perpendicular to the magnetic field, as predicted by dynamics. The calculations can be generalized to microdust detection on other spacecraft and might explain previous observations left uninterpreted. These calculations are also relevant for the design of wave receivers, by determining the optimal frequency range for dust detection on future missions.
Anisotropic fluid modeling of ionospheric upflow: Effects of low‐altitude anisotropy and thermospheric winds
Authors: Burleigh M. , Zettergren M. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA new anisotropic fluid model is developed to describe ionospheric upflow responses to magnetospheric forcing by electric fields and broadband ELF waves at altitudes of 90–2500 km. This model is based on a bi‐Maxwellian ion distribution and solves time‐dependent, nonlinear equations of conservation of mass, momentum, parallel energy, and perpendicular energy for six ion species important to E, F, and topside ionospheric regions. It includes chemical and collisional interactions with the neutral atmosphere, photoionization, and electron impact ionization. This model is used to examine differences between isotropic and anisotropic descriptions of ionospheric upflow driven by DC electric fields, possible effects of low‐altitude (<500 km) wave heating, and impacts of neutral winds on ion upflow. Results indicate that isotropic models may overestimate field‐aligned ion velocity responses by as much as ∼48%. Simulations also show significant ionospheric responses at low altitudes to wave heating for very large power spectral densities, but ion temperature anisotropies below the F region peak are dominated by frictional heating from DC electric fields. Neutral winds are shown to play an important role regulating ion upflow. Thermospheric winds can enhance or suppress upward fluxes driven by DC and BBELF fields by 10–20% for the cases examined. The time history of the neutral winds also affects the amount of ionization transported to higher altitudes by DC electric fields.