bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pausing With the Gauze: Inhibition of Temporary Pacemakers by Radiofrequency Scan During Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Williams Matthew R. , Atkinson Douglas B. , Bezzerides Vassilios J. , Yuki Koichi , Franklin Kathryn , Casta Alfonso , Alexander Mark E. 
Published: September 2016

BACKGROUND:
Radiofrequency identification (RFID) detection systems are used to detect retained surgical sponges and may cause electromagnetic interference (EMI), altering intended function of cardiac pacing systems. Three pediatric patients requiring temporary pacing for postoperative atrioventricular block experienced transient inhibition of ventricular pacing during the use of RFID detection system. Bench testing was performed to evaluate the mechanism of pacemaker inhibition.

METHODS:
Impedance of temporary pacing wires was obtained using a pacing system analyzer. Temporary pacemakers (Medtronic 5388, Medtronic 5392, and Biotronik Reocor D) at nominal settings (VVI 120 bpm, output 10 mA) were attached at the ventricular terminal to temporary pacing wires and a resistor for sham impedance in physiologic range. An RFID detection system and wand (RF Assure, model 200) or mat was tested over wires. Induced current and voltages were recorded via an oscilloscope attached to lead terminals. Inhibition of pacing was determined for the following variables: distance from wires, sham impedance, and programmed sensitivity.

RESULTS:
In bench testing, the RFID system induced a stereotyped EMI signal in temporary pacing wires with peak root-mean-square voltage demonstrating an exponential decay relationship with increasing distance from pacing wires. Induced voltages overlapped with normal sensing range of temporary pacemakers, resulting in pacemaker inhibition at nominal settings (ventricular sensitivity 2.0 mV, distance from wand <23 cm). Increasing height, decreasing device sensitivity, or increasing sham impedance (at fixed sensitivity) attenuated EMI and inhibition for all 3 temporary pacemakers used and with the automated RFID detection mat in place of the wand. Programming pacemakers asynchronously prevented inhibition.

CONCLUSIONS:
Normal operation of RFID detection systems may cause inhibition of temporary pacing systems consistent with oversensing from EMI. Precaution should be taken, including considering pacing asynchronously to avoid effects of inhibition.
Lethal lung hypoplasia and vascular defects in mice with conditionalFoxf1overexpression
Authors: Dharmadhikari Avinash V. , Sun Jenny J. , Gogolewski Krzysztof , Carofino Brandi L. , Ustiyan Vladimir , Hill Misty , Majewski Tadeusz , Szafranski Przemyslaw , Justice Monica J. , Ray Russell S. , Dickinson Mary E. , Kalinichenko Vladimir V. , Gambin Anna , Stankiewicz Paweł 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTFOXF1 heterozygous point mutations and genomic deletions have been reported in newborns with the neonatally lethal lung developmental disorder, alveolar capillary dysplasia with misalignment of pulmonary veins (ACDMPV). However, no gain-of-function mutations in FOXF1 have been identified yet in any human disease conditions. To study the effects of FOXF1 overexpression in lung development, we generated a Foxf1 overexpression mouse model by knocking-in a Cre-inducible Foxf1 allele into the ROSA26 (R26) locus. The mice were phenotyped using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), head-out plethysmography, ChIP-seq and transcriptome analyses, immunohistochemistry, and lung histopathology. Thirty-five percent of heterozygous R26-Lox-Stop-Lox (LSL)-Foxf1 embryonic day (E)15.5 embryos exhibit subcutaneous edema, hemorrhages and die perinatally when bred to Tie2-cre mice, which targets Foxf1 overexpression to endothelial and hematopoietic cells. Histopathological and micro-CT evaluations revealed that R26Foxf1; Tie2-cre embryos have immature lungs with a diminished vascular network. Neonates exhibited respiratory deficits verified by detailed plethysmography studies. ChIP-seq and transcriptome analyses in E18.5 lungs identified Sox11, Ghr, Ednrb, and Slit2 as potential downstream targets of FOXF1. Our study shows that overexpression of the highly dosage-sensitive Foxf1 impairs lung development and causes vascular abnormalities. This has important clinical implications when considering potential gene therapy approaches to treat disorders of FOXF1 abnormal dosage, such as ACDMPV.
Adamts18 deletion results in distinct developmental defects and provides a model for congenital disorders of lens, lung, and female reproductive tract development
Authors: Ataca Dalya , Caikovski Marian , Piersigilli Alessandra , Moulin Alexandre , Benarafa Charaf , Earp Sarah E. , Guri Yakir , Kostic Corinne , Arsenijevic Yvan , Soininen Raija , Apte Suneel S. , Brisken Cathrin 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
The ADAMTS family comprises 19 secreted metalloproteinases that cleave extracellular matrix components and have diverse functions in numerous disease and physiological contexts. A number of them remain ‘orphan’ proteases and among them is ADAMTS18, which has been implicated in developmental eye disorders, platelet function and various malignancies. To assess in vivo function of ADAMTS18, we generated a mouse strain with inactivated Adamts18 alleles. In the C57Bl6/Ola background, Adamts18-deficient mice are born in a normal Mendelian ratio, and are viable but show a transient growth delay. Histological examination revealed a 100% penetrant eye defect resulting from leakage of lens material through the lens capsule occurring at embryonic day (E)13.5, when the lens grows rapidly. Adamts18-deficient lungs showed altered bronchiolar branching. Fifty percent of mutant females are infertile because of vaginal obstruction due to either a dorsoventral vaginal septum or imperforate vagina. The incidence of ovarian rete is increased in the mutant mouse strain. Thus, Adamts18 is essential in the development of distinct tissues and the new mouse strain is likely to be useful for investigating ADAMTS18 function in human disease, particularly in the contexts of infertility and carcinogenesis.
Cartilage damage and bone erosion are more prominent determinants of functional impairment in longstanding experimental arthritis than synovial inflammation
Authors: Hayer Silvia , Bauer Gregor , Willburger Martin , Sinn Katharina , Alasti Farideh , Plasenzotti Roberto , Shvets Tetyana , Niederreiter Birgit , Aschauer Constantin , Steiner Guenter , Podesser Bruno K. , Smolen Josef S. , Redlich Kurt 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Chronic inflammation of articular joints causing bone and cartilage destruction consequently leads to functional impairment or loss of mobility in affected joints from individuals affected by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Even successful treatment with complete resolution of synovial inflammatory processes does not lead to full reversal of joint functionality, pointing to the crucial contribution of irreversibly damaged structural components, such as bone and cartilage, to restricted joint mobility. In this context, we investigated the impact of the distinct components, including synovial inflammation, bone erosion or cartilage damage, as well as the effect of blocking tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on functional impairment in human-TNF transgenic (hTNFtg) mice, a chronic inflammatory erosive animal model of RA. We determined CatWalk-assisted gait profiles as objective quantitative measurements of functional impairment. We first determined body-weight-independent gait parameters, including maximum intensity, print length, print width and print area in wild-type mice. We observed early changes in those gait parameters in hTNFtg mice at week 5 – the first clinical signs of arthritis. Moreover, we found further gait changes during chronic disease development, indicating progressive functional impairment in hTNFtg mice. By investigating the association of gait parameters with inflammation-mediated joint pathologies at different time points of the disease course, we found a relationship between gait parameters and the extent of cartilage damage and bone erosions, but not with the extent of synovitis in this chronic model. Next, we observed a significant improvement of functional impairment upon blocking TNF, even at progressed stages of disease. However, blocking TNF did not restore full functionality owing to remaining subclinical inflammation and structural microdamage. In conclusion, CatWalk gait analysis provides a useful tool for quantitative assessment of functional impairment in inflammatory destructive arthritis. Our findings indicate that cartilage damage and bone erosion, but not synovial inflammation, are the most important determinants for progressive functional impairment in this chronic erosive arthritis model.
High- and ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance imaging of naïve, injured and scarred vocal fold mucosae in rats
Authors: Kishimoto Ayami Ohno , Kishimoto Yo , Young David L. , Zhang Jinjin , Rowland Ian J. , Welham Nathan V. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Subepithelial changes to the vocal fold mucosa, such as fibrosis, are difficult to identify using visual assessment of the tissue surface. Moreover, without suspicion of neoplasm, mucosal biopsy is not a viable clinical option, as it carries its own risk of iatrogenic injury and scar formation. Given these challenges, we assessed the ability of high- (4.7 T) and ultrahigh-field (9.4 T) magnetic resonance imaging to resolve key vocal fold subepithelial tissue structures in the rat, an important and widely used preclinical model in vocal fold biology. We conducted serial in vivo and ex vivo imaging, evaluated an array of acquisition sequences and contrast agents, and successfully resolved key anatomic features of naïve, acutely injured, and chronically scarred vocal fold mucosae on the ex vivo scans. Naïve lamina propria was hyperintense on T1-weighted imaging with gadobenate dimeglumine contrast enhancement, whereas chronic scar was characterized by reduced lamina propria T1 signal intensity and mucosal volume. Acutely injured mucosa was hypointense on T2-weighted imaging; lesion volume steadily increased, peaked at 5 days post-injury, and then decreased – consistent with the physiology of acute, followed by subacute, hemorrhage and associated changes in the magnetic state of hemoglobin and its degradation products. Intravenous administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide conferred no T2 contrast enhancement during the acute injury period. These findings confirm that magnetic resonance imaging can resolve anatomic substructures within naïve vocal fold mucosa, qualitative and quantitative features of acute injury, and the presence of chronic scar.
Some attacks of an encryption system based on the word problem in a monoid
Authors: Ghadbane Nacer , Mihoubi Douadi 
Published: September 2016

In this work, we are interested in ATS-monoid protocol proposed by P. J. Abisha, D. G. Thomas G. and K. Subramanian}, the idea of this protocol is to transform a system of Thue \(S_{1}=\left( \Sigma ,R\right) \) for which the word problem is undecidable a system of Thue \(S_{2}=\left( \Delta ,R_{\theta }\right)\) or \(\theta \subseteq \Delta \times\Delta \) for which the word problem is decidable in linear time.Specifically, it gives attacks against ATS monoid in spesifiques case and thenme examples of these cases.
Different Mechanisms of Longevity in Long-Lived Mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans Mutants Revealed by Statistical Analysis of Mortality Rates
Authors: Hughes Bryan G , Hekimi Siegfried 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans mutants with altered life spans are being used to investigate the aging process and how genes determine life span. The survival of a population can be modeled by the Gompertz function, which comprises two parameters. One of these parameters (“G”) describes the rate at which mortality accelerates with age and is often described as the “rate of aging.” The other parameter (“A”) may correspond to the organism’s baseline vulnerability to deleterious effects of disease and the environment. We show that, in mice, life-span-extending mutations systematically fail to affect the age-dependent acceleration of mortality (G), but instead affect only baseline vulnerability (A). This remains true even when comparing strains maintained under identical environmental conditions. In contrast, life-span-extending mutations in C. elegans were associated with decreases in G. These observations on mortality rate kinetics suggest that the mechanisms of aging in mammals might fundamentally differ from those in nematodes.
A Variable Genetic Architecture of Melanic Evolution inDrosophila melanogaster
Authors: Bastide Héloïse , Lange Jeremy D , Lack Justin B , Yassin Amir , Pool John E 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUnraveling the genetic architecture of adaptive phenotypic divergence is a fundamental quest in evolutionary biology. In Drosophila melanogaster, high-altitude melanism has evolved in separate mountain ranges in sub-Saharan Africa, potentially as an adaptation to UV intensity. We investigated the genetic basis of this melanism in three populations using a new bulk segregant analysis mapping method. We identified 19 distinct QTL regions from nine mapping crosses, with several QTL peaks overlapping between two or all populations, and yet different crosses involving the same melanic population commonly yielded distinct QTL. The strongest QTL often overlapped well-known pigmentation genes, but we typically did not find wide signals of genetic differentiation (FST) between lightly and darkly pigmented populations at these genes. Instead, we found small numbers of highly differentiated SNPs at the probable causative genes. A simulation analysis showed that these patterns of polymorphism were consistent with selection on standing genetic variation. Overall, our results suggest that, even for potentially simpler traits like pigmentation, the complexity of adaptive trait evolution poses important challenges for QTL mapping and population genetic analysis.
The Effect of Polymer Rheology and Induced Fracturing on Injectivity and Pressure-Transient Behavior
Authors: Ma Yiwei , McClure Mark W. 
Published: September 2016

Summary
Polymer transport and fluid rheology were implemented in a fully implicit hydraulic-fracturing and reservoir simulator. For flow in the matrix, a fluid-rheology function was used with shear thickening at high shear rates and shear thinning at medium and low shear rates. For flow in fractures, a shear-thinning constitutive law with a zero shear-rate plateau was used. The average viscosity in each fracture element was calculated by assuming smooth and parallel fracture walls and numerically solving for the velocity, shear rate, and viscosity distribution across the aperture. The simulator was used to investigate the effect on injectivity of shear thickening at high shear rates near the wellbore. For comparison, simulations were performed by use of the full shear-thickening and shear-thinning rheology function and by use of a shear-thinning-only rheology function. In the former case, the shear thickening caused rapid buildup of fluid pressure and the creation of a hydraulic fracture at the wellbore. Once the fracture formed, shear thickening no longer occurred because there was lower Darcy velocity in the matrix caused by lower concentration of flow at the wellbore. As a result, after the formation of the hydraulic fracture, injectivity in the simulation with shear thickening and thinning was nearly identical to that in the simulation with only shear thinning. The simulations were repeated with the constraint that a hydraulic fracture was not permitted to form. In this case, the simulation with shear thickening had a significantly lower injectivity than the simulation with shear thinning only. This result shows that formation of an induced fracture is a plausible explanation for unexpectedly high injectivity during polymer injection because it prevents shear thickening caused by high flow rate because of concentration of flow at the wellbore.
Simulations were performed to investigate the effect of polymer rheology on the pressure transients occurring after shut-in of an injection well. Shear thickening affected the shut-in transient only at very-early time. Shear thinning affected the entire duration of the transient, causing an increase in effective fluid viscosity as the Darcy velocity gradually decreased over time. Despite fluid-rheology effects, linear flow was clearly identifiable after shut-in in the simulations with hydraulic fractures. This result shows that hydraulic fractures around polymer-injection wells can be diagnosed in field data from the linear-flow regime in the shut-in transient, regardless of fluid-rheology effects.
Filigree in Istria: From the "brotherhood and unity" to multiculturalism
Authors: Nikolić Đerić Tamara , Orić Ivona 
Published: September 2016

The aim of the paper is a diachronic research of the Albanian minority engaged with filigree production and the relationships (of power) between minorities present today in Istria. The text is motivated by three factors. Firstly because of the prevailing bipolar relation between the Croatian majority and Italian (autochthon) minority this opens up spaces for research of the position of other minorities. Further, the inquiry for collaboration came from the community and finally by spacious and temporal determinants of the researched subject being Rovinj and Poreč, two cities where the authors lived and which are closely linked to the craft and the period in which the younger author spent her earliest childhood and the older remembers the school motto being: “to build up a comprehensive, free, creative and socialistic personality”. Starting from the idea of “brotherhood and equality” using ethnological methodologies we discover the ambivalent position of the filigree workers/Albanian minority through time and which we articulate through the prism of minority issues and today’s concept of multiculturalism and interculturalism in Istria.
The role of football in the Yugoslav crisis. “Nationalisation” of the football fandom in the former Yugoslavia
Authors: Đorđević Ivan 
Published: September 2016

The strong connection between everyday politics and football fandom represents a distinctive characteristic of a football culture in contemporary Serbia. This paper focuses on the issues related to strong political influence of “nationalised” political space in the former Yugoslavia that caused specific politicisation of football supporters in the country. I argue that political capital of the football fans derives from the specific social and political environment that characterised the process of disintegration of the former Yugoslavia. The aim of this article is to emphasize the connection between growing nationalisation of politics and specific events that took place on football stadiums during the late 1980s and the early 1990s in the SFRY. Through the analysis of the particular events from that period, this article aims to analyse the causes that led to transformation of the subculture of the football fans to political agents par excellence.
Prevention of Complications of Endovenous Laser Treatment
Authors: Krysa Bohdan Vasylovych 
Published: September 2016

Treatment of varicose vein disease should provide reliable exclusion of varicose veins from blood circulation, be minimally traumatic, ensure a satisfactory aesthetic effect as well as minimize side effects. The use of endovenous laser treatment allows achieving optimal results. Laser technology, however, may cause a number of complications, in particular segmental thrombophlebitis, ecchymosis, skin hyperpigmentation, neurological disorders, and paravasal burns. There are complications specific to laser treatment as well: during coagulation, multiple gas bubbles can be observed on the screen of the ultrasound machine, which are formed on the light guide face-end and enter the central venous system, pulmonary circulation and blood vessels of the brain through sapheno-femorale fistula. In the early postoperative period, most of the operated patients suffer from headache, dizziness, nausea, feeling of “heaviness” when breathing, and general weakness lasting for 6-7 days and affecting the normal course of the postoperative period. Thus, there has been suggested the method for preventing specific complications of endovenous laser treatment by active removal of laser coagulation products, which are formed at the working end of the light guide, in order to minimize the number of these products entering the central venous system through sapheno-femorale fistula and perforating veins (Application for an invention u201605586). The task can be achieved by draining the coagulation zone and removing the products of vaporization and carbonization from the lumen of the vein through a drainage catheter, connected to the vacuum source. The implementation of the method allows preventing complications caused by the products of vaporization and photocoagulation, which can enter the pulmonary circulation and blood vessels of the brain through the venous system.
Microvessel density in Prostatic Lesions : Relevance to prognosis
Authors: Upadhyaya P , Agarwal CS , Karak AK , Sinha AK , Karki S , Dhakal S , Khadka D 
Published: September 2016

Background: Angiogenesis is required for growth and metastasis of tumor tissue. Quantization of angiogenesis by calculating the microvessel density can be done in histopathology specimens with the help of immunochemistry. In this study we used anti CD 34 antibody to highlight the endothelial cells and thus calculate microvessel density. Most studies have shown a positive correlation of microvessel density with increasing pathological grade and have also shown microvessel density as an independent predictor of cancer progression and survival. The present study was to find out the microvessel density in benign and malignant lesions of prostate and also to correlate the vascularity with increasing grade of cancer.Materials and methods: Sixty five prostatic biopsies were evaluated for microvessel density using CD34 monoclonal antibody. Comparison was done between BPH and Carcinoma Prostate. MVD was correlated with Gleason’s score, weight of specimen and increasing age of patient. Effect of prostatitis on Microvessel density was studied.Results: Microvessel density was significantly higher in carcinoma prostate than in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. There was positive correlation of Microvessel density with increasing Gleason’s score. Microvessel was significantly increased in patients having symptoms for more than a year and also with biopsies revealing prostatitis. However, there was no significant correlation between Microvessel density and weight of specimen or increasing age.Conclusion: Since Microvessel density was found to be significantly higher in Prostatic Carcinoma and it showed positive correlation with Gleason’s score it can be added as one of the indicators for predicting the disease outcome.