bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metallurgical Slags as Traces of a 15th century Copper Smelter
Authors: Garbacz-Klempka A. , Wardas-Lasoń M. , Kozana J. , Piękoś M. , Kwak Z. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The research focuses on assessing the metal content, mainly copper, lead, iron and also silver in metallurgical slag samples from the area where historical metallurgical industry functioned. In the smelter located in Mogiła, near Krakow (southern Poland), whose operation is confirmed in sources from 1469, copper was probably refined as well as silver was separated from copper. Based on the change of chemical and soil phase content and also taking cartographic and historical data into account, considering the restrictions resulting from the modern land use the area was determined whose geochemical mapping can point to the location of the 15th century Jan Thurzo’s smelter in Mogiła near Krakow. Moreover, using the same approach with the samples of this kind here as with hazardous waste, an attempt has been made to assess their impact on the environment. Thereby, taking the geoenvironmental conditions into account, potential impact of the industrial activity has been assessed, which probably left large scale changes in the substratum, manifested in the structure, chemical content and soil phase changes. Discovering areas which are contaminated above the standard value can help to identify historical human activities, and finding the context in artefacts allows to treat geochemical anomalies as a geochronological marker. For this purpose the best are bed sediments, at present buried in the ground, of historical ditches draining the area of the supposed smelter. Correlating their qualities with analogical research of archeologically identified slags and other waste material allows for reconstructing the anthropopressure stages and the evaluation of their effects. The operation of Jan Thurzo’s smelter is significant for the history of mining and metallurgy of Poland and Central and Eastern Europe.
Corrosion Resistance and Microstructure of Recasting Cobalt Alloys Used in Dental Prosthetics
Authors: Loch J. , Krzykała A. , Łukaszczyk A. , Augustyn-Pieniążek J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe work presents the results of the studies of Co-Cr-Mo casting alloys used in the production of frame casts of removable dentures, crowns and bridges in dental prosthetics. The studies were performed on four Co-Cr-Mo alloys of different contents of Mo, W and other additives. Electrochemical tests were performed, which aimed at examining the corrosion resistance of the alloys and observing the alloy structure after chronoamperometric tests with the potential in the area of the occurrence of the passive layer breakpoint. The alloy microstructure images after chronoamperometric tests show the presence of non-uniformly distributed general corrosion. Moreover, a project of cobalt alloy casting was elaborated using a ceramic mold casting. Additionally, analysis of the obtained microstructure was performed. The microstructure of the examined alloys was of the dendrite type. This microstructure was chemically inhomogeneous and consisted of an austenitic matrix formed by a solid cobalt solution and chromium in the core dendritic structure.
Computer Catalog and Semantic Search of Data in the Domain of Cast Iron Processing
Authors: Rojek G. , Regulski K. , Wilk-Kołodziejczyk D. , Kluska-Nawarecka S. , Wawrzaszek T. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study is to design and implement a computer system, which will allow the semantic cataloging and data retrieval in the field of cast iron processing. The intention is to let the system architecture allow for consideration of data on various processing techniques based on the information available or searched by a potential user. This is achieved by separating the system code from the knowledge of the processing operations or from the chemical composition of the material being processed. This is made possible by the creation and subsequent use of formal knowledge representation in the form of ontology. So, any use of the system is associated with the use of ontologies, either as an aid for the cataloging of new data, or as an indication of restrictions imposed on the data which draw user attention. The use of formal knowledge representation also allows consideration of semantic meaning, a consequence of which may be, for example, returning all elements in subclasses of the searched process class or material grade.
Isothermal Transformation Ar1 Product Morphology and Kinetics of EN-GJS-600-3 Cast Iron
Authors: Szykowny T. , Giętka T. , Ciechacki K. , Panfil L. , Romanowski Ł. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis work presents the qualitative and quantitative changes in the products of isothermal transformation (reaction) in a ductile cast iron austenite after supercooling to the temperature range Ar1. The austenitizing temperature considered in this work was 900, 960 or 1020°C. The eutectoid reaction was investigated by metallographic examination at a holding temperature right below Ar11(820°C) or right below Ar12(760°C). The quantitative metallographic examination was carried out with a light microscope (LM). The initial transformation stage products were identified with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The selected samples were studied for chemical microsegregation of manganese, silicon, phosphorus, and carbon with an X-ray microanalyser (MAR). The tested cast iron material was found to predominantly feature a eutectoid reaction in the metastable system the ratio of which was increasing with the austenitizing temperature. The austenitizing temperature was found to be conducive to the evolution kinetics of individual phases and to the graphitization kinetics of the eutectoid cementite that was formed during the contemplated reaction.
Microstructure of Archaeological 17th Century Cast Copper Alloys
Authors: Konieczny J. , Labisz K. , Głowik-Łazarczyk K. , Ćwiek J. , Wierzbicki Ł. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In Poland, researchers have a very strong interest in archaeometallurgy, which, as presented in classical works, focuses on dating artefacts from the prehistoric and early medieval periods in the form of cast iron and copper castings. This study, extending the current knowledge, presents the results of a microstructure investigation into the findings from the Modern era dating back to the late Middle Ages. The investigated material was an object in the form of a heavy solid copper block weighing several kilograms that was excavated by a team of Polish archaeologists working under the direction of Ms Iwona Młodkowska-Przepiórowska during works on the marketplace in the city of Czestochowa during the summer of 2009. Pre-dating of the material indicates the period of the seventeenth century AD. The solid copper block was delivered in the form of a part shaped like a bell, named later in this work as a “kettlebell”. To determine the microstructure, the structural components, chemical composition, and homogeneity, as well as additives and impurities, investigations were carried out using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy including analysis of the chemical composition performed in micro-areas, and qualitative X-ray phase analysis in order to investigate the phase composition. Interpretation of the analytical results of the material’s microstructure will also help modify and/or develop new methodological assumptions to investigate further archaeometallurgical exhibits, throwing new light on and expanding the area of knowledge of the use and processing of seventeenth-century metallic materials.
Estimating the Counterparty Risk Exposure by Using the Brownian Motion Local Time
Authors: Bonollo Michele , Persio Luca Di , Mammi Luca , Olivad Immacolata 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In recent years, the counterparty credit risk measure, namely the default risk in over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives contracts, has received great attention by banking regulators, specifically within the frameworks of Basel II and Basel III. More explicitly, to obtain the related risk figures, one is first obliged to compute intermediate output functionals related to the mark-to-market position at a given time no exceeding a positive and finite time horizon. The latter implies an enormous amount of computational effort is needed, with related highly time consuming procedures to be carried out, turning out into significant costs. To overcome the latter issue, we propose a smart exploitation of the properties of the (local) time spent by the Brownian motion close to a given value.
Flow Cytometry Assessment of Bacterial and Yeast Induced Oxidative Burst in Peripheral Blood Phagocytes
Authors: Șular Floredana-Laura , Dobreanu Minodora 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Objective: The aim of this study was to verify in our laboratory conditions the performance criteria of a commercial kit (PhagoburstTM, Glycotope Biotechnology) as described by the producers. We have also partially altered the use of the available kit by introducing a non-opsonized Candida albicans stimulus, in addition to the opsonized Escherichia coli stimulus provided by the manufacturer. Material and methods: The peripheral blood samples of 6 clinically healthy adults were tested in triplicate according to the manufacturer recommendations. The intraassay imprecision as well as the ranges of neutrophil and monocyte burst activation triggered by various stimuli were assessed. Results: The activation range of granulocytes and monocytes was similar to the one described by the producer in the presence of E. coli (granulocytes: 78.45-99.43% versus 99.6-99.95%, average %CV of 1.53% versus 0.1%, monocytes: 54.63-92.33% versus 81.80-96.67, average %CV 6.92% versus 1.1%). The leukocyte range of activation in the presence of non-opsonized C. albicans was comparable to the one triggered by the fMLP (N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine) stimulus. Conclusion: The intra-assay precision obtained in our laboratory conditions, as well as the ranges of activated leukocytes, are comparable to the ones described by the producer when using E. coli as a stimulus. The present study shows that introducing an extra fungal stimulus for burst oxidation assessment could provide additional information regarding the non-specific cellular immune response, particularly in patients at risk for candidemia.
Application of Quality Management Tools for Evaluating the Failure Frequency of Cutter-Loader and Plough Mining Systems
Authors: Biały Witold 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Failure frequency in the mining process, with a focus on the mining machine, has been presented and illustrated by the example of two coal-mines. Two mining systems have been subjected to analysis: a cutter-loader and a plough system. In order to reduce costs generated by failures, maintenance teams should regularly make sure that the machines are used and operated in a rational and effective way. Such activities will allow downtimes to be reduced, and, in consequence, will increase the effectiveness of a mining plant. The evaluation of mining machines’ failure frequency contained in this study has been based on one of the traditional quality management tools - the Pareto chart.
Evaluation of Undrained Shear Strength of Miocene Clay from the Weight Sounding Test (WST)
Authors: Olesiak Sebastian 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Soil strength parameters needed for the calculation of bearing capacity and stability are increasingly determined from field testing. This paper presents a method to determine the undrained shear strength cuWST of the soil, based on the Weight Sounding Test (WST). The innovative solution which allows for a significant reduction of equipment needed for geotechnical field investigation is presented. The proposed method is based on an additional measurement of the torque during testing. It then becomes possible to estimate the undrained shear strength, cuWST of the soil, using the correlation given in this paper. The research results presented in this paper were carried out on selected cohesive soils, Miocene clays from the Carpathian Foredeep.
Testing of Confining Pressure Impacton Explosion Energy of Explosive Materials
Authors: Drzewiecki Jan , Myszkowski Jacek , Pytlik Andrzej , Pytlik Mateusz 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the results of testing the explosion effects of two explosive charges placed in an environment with specified values of confining pressure. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of variable environmental conditions on the suitability of particular explosives for their use in the prevention of natural hazards in hard coal mining. The research results will contribute to improving the efficiency of currently adopted technologies of natural hazard prevention and aid in raising the level of occupational safety. To carry out the subject matter measurements, a special test stand was constructed which allows the value of the initial pressure inside the chamber, which constitutes its integral part, to be altered before the detonation of the charge being tested. The obtained characteristics of the pressure changes during the explosion of the analysed charge helped to identify the work (energy) which was produced during the process. The test results are a valuable source of information, opening up new possibilities for the use of explosives, the development of innovative solutions for the construction of explosive charges and their initiation.
Analysis of Bonds as an Instrument for Financing Mining Investments
Authors: Ranosz Robert 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this article is to examine the structure of financing for mining enterprises in the years 2007-2013, with particular emphasis on bonds. The document pays special attention to Polish mining enterprises. The financing structure analysis was based on data collected from financial statements (cash flows) of the largest mining companies in Poland, and their comparison with the results of global mining enterprises pursuant to reports prepared by international advisory firms. The article takes into account capital sources such as: corporate bonds, bank loans and issue of shares. As indicated by the performed analysis, mining enterprises both around the world and in Poland are increasingly eager to take advantage of obtaining business financing from issue of corporate bonds. It should also be recognized that in the analyzed period, both global and Polish mining enterprises deviate from forms of financing such as issue of shares. This may be caused by the fact that the bonds market in Poland is becoming increasingly popular, mainly due to interest rate on bonds being lower in comparison with bank loans. Another reason may be that banks and potential buyers of shares are less eager to finance this type of investment due to a relatively substantial risk acceptable to bondholders.
Analysis of Access to Public Support for Agriculture Modernisation from Rural Development Programme
Authors: Bajramovic Sabahudin , Jankovic Dejan , Stankovic Sladjan , Moisa Sebastian , Salasan Cosmin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The most popular measure of the National Rural Development Programme in Romania for 2007-2013 was the measure 121 addressing the support for modernisation of agriculture While the success at the level of the Programme is measured by the achievement level of the assumed indicators the present analysis is focused on differences between the volumes of proposed, selected, contracted and concluded projects. These differences as observations and findings contribute as learning points to the further use of public support for investments in agriculture by three main categories of users: the administration with the procedural enhancement in programme implementation, the beneficiaries improving their approach and readiness for applications/projects and the consultants in perfecting their tools and work to support and smoothen the resources transfer in the process.
Research Regarding Food Security in Georgia – Dynamics of Livestock, Animal Productions and Self-Sufficiency
Authors: Jangulashvili Tamar , Balan Ioana Mihaela , Iancu Tiberiu , Jangulashvili Levan , Pirvulescu Luminita 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Georgia, the country at the intersection of Europe and Asia, is an important actor on agricultural market, both from Europe and from Asia. The climate of Georgia makes it ideal for growing cereals for animal productions. This climate and the high quality of soil have made the agriculture one of the most important Georgian sectors. The mixed team of researchers from Georgia and Romania has analysed the dynamics of livestock and animal productions in Georgia in order to highlight their future trends and the level of food security in that country.
Relationship between Body Condition and some Reproductive Parameters of Holstein Cattle
Authors: Gráff Myrtill , Süli Ágnes , Szilágyi Szabina , Mikó Edit 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The body condition scoring system (BCS) is a means of accurately determining body condition of dairy cows, independent of body weight and farm size. The body condition scores represent a subjective visual or tactile (or both) evaluation of the amount of subcutaneous fat in a cow. The system is a useful method of evaluating body energy reserves and is used widely for evaluating nutritional status in dairy cows. The different stages of lactation have different recommended scores. BCS change during the lactation period depends on the milk production, reproduction and health status. Extreme body condition loss in the early lactation can cause irregular heats, longer time to first ovulation, and fail to conceive. The aim of this research was to determine the effect of BCS on Holstein cows’ reproduction. The relationship between some BCS parameters: BCS at calving (BCSc), minimum BCS after calving (BCSmin) and the reduction of BCS after calving (BCSr) on one hand and three reproductive parameters: the days from calving to first service (DFS), number of inseminations to conception (NIC), and days open (DO) on the other hand were studied in three private dairy farms in South Hungary. BCS were determined monthly during milk recording. A total of 786 records of Holstein cows from 1 to 3 lactation were evaluated. DFS was significantly (P<5%) influenced by BCSs and BCSmin. The number of inseminations to conception (NIC) varied according to the individual cow. In the present study was between 1 and 12. The most favourable DO values were observed in the group having >3.5 BCSc (150.04 days), the group with 3.0-3.5 BCSmin (138.92) and the group having >1 BCSr. There was no significant relationship found between DO and the BCS groups.
Schulbibliotheken in der bibliothekarischen Literatur kontra Schulbibliotheken in der Praxis
Authors: Schuldt Karsten , Mumenthaler Rudolf , Vardanyan Ekaterina 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungIn der bibliothekarischen Literatur hat sich seit einigen Jahrzehnten eine bestimmte Vorstellung davon etabliert, wie moderne, gut ausgestattete Schulbibliotheken aussehen sollten. Diese Vorstellung bestimmt, was in Bezug auf Schulbibliotheken gefordert wird. Eine Studie zum Status Quo der Volksschulbibliotheken in St. Gallen zeigte, dass es auch in Schulsystemen eine Vorstellung von Schulbibliotheken gibt, die sich fundamental von der bibliothekarischen Vorstellung unterscheiden kann. Dieser Artikel stellt diese beiden Vorstellungen gegenüber und diskutiert, was sich aus den aufgezeigten Differenzen für die bibliothekarische Diskussion ergibt.
Die Sammlung für Plansprachen und das Esperantomuseum der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek – Geschichte, Bestand und Projekte
Authors: Tuider Bernhard 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDurch eine neunzigjährige Sammeltätigkeit entwickelten sich die Sammlung für Plansprachen und das Esperantomuseum – gegründet 1927 als Internationales Esperanto-Museum – zur weltweit größten Fachbibliothek für Plansprachen und Interlinguistik. Die Sammlung ist nicht nur Bibliothek und Museum, sondern seit ihrer Gründung werden auch Archivalien gesammelt.
Maria Theresia sagt: Danke!
Authors: Zauner Thomas 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungDie Österreichische Nationalbibliothek startete als erste Nationalbibliothek im deutschsprachigen Raum eine Crowdfunding-Aktion. Von 20. Oktober bis 22. November 2016 konnten Interessierte auf www.wemakeit.com zur Restaurierung eines wertvollen Buches aus der Zeit Maria Theresias beitragen. Schon nach drei Wochen war das Finanzierungsziel von 15 500 Euro erreicht, bis zum Ende der Aktion haben 166 Personen insgesamt 26 315 Euro gespendet.
Wohin geht die Reise? – Bibliothekspolitik am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Mittler Elmar 
Published: July 2017

ZusammenfassungNach einem kurzen Rückblick auf das Goldene Zeitalter der Bibliotheken im letzten Drittel des 20. Jahrhunderts werden Gefährdungen der gegenwärtigen Situation angesprochen: Die scheinbare Ubiquität der Informationsmedien im Internet schwächt die Rolle der Bibliotheken. Das zeigt sich u. a. beim Fehlen einer Strategie für die Langzeitarchivierung. Für die Zukunft wird der radikale Wandel von der Bibliothekarsbibliothek zur Nutzerbibliothek für nötig gehalten; dazu können z. B. die Schnittstellen zwischen Personal und Nutzern bei der Erwerbung elektronischer Literatur (PDA) oder das Schaffen von kreativen Freiräumen wie Makerspaces dienen. Neue Visionen der Bibliothek der Zukunft sind notwendig, die ähnlich dem „Bibliotheksplan 1973“ und „Bibliotheken ‘93“ konsequent in der Öffentlichkeit vertreten werden müssen, um die Rolle der Bibliotheken zu stärken.
Lichenicolous fungi new to Orenburg region, southern part of European Russia
Authors: Tsurykau Andrei , Travkin Vladimir P. , Korchikov Evgeny S. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Twenty two species of lichenicolous fungi are reported as new to Orenburg region. Of these, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola is new to European Russia; Lichenoconium lichenicola, Marchandiomyces corallinus, Merismatium decolorans, Phoma peltigerae and Roselliniella cladoniae are new to the southern part of European Russia.
Four species of saxicolous lichenized fungi new to Latvia
Authors: Moisejevs Rolands , Degtjarenko Polina 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Four species of saxicolous and acidophilous lichens - Dermatocarpon miniatum, Trapelia coarctata, Trapelia placodioides, and Umbilicaria hirsuta found on different types of granite boulders were reported as new to Latvian lichen biota. Data on substratum geology, accompanying species, microhabitat and distribution in neighbouring to Latvia countries are provided.
Analytical evaluation of the new Beckman Coulter Access high sensitivity cardiac troponin I immunoassay
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Ferrari Anna , Gandini Giorgio , Gelati Matteo , Lo Cascio Claudia , Salvagno Gian Luca 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

Background:
This study was aimed to evaluate the analytical performance of the novel chemiluminescent and fully-automated Beckman Coulter Access hsTnI high-sensitivity immunoassay for measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI).

Methods:
The study, using lithium heparin samples, included assessment of limit of blank (LOB), limit of detection (LOD), functional sensitivity, linearity, imprecision (within run, between-run and total), calculation of 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) in 175 healthy blood donors (mean age, 36±12 years; 47% women) and comparison with two other commercial cTnI immunoassays.

Results:
The LOB, LOD and functional sensitivity of Access hsTnI were 0.14, 0.34 and 1.35 ng/L, respectively. The within-run, between-run and total imprecision was 2.2%–2.9%, 4.6%–5.4%, and 5.4%–6.1%, respectively. The linearity was excellent in the range of cTnI values between 0.95 and 4195 ng/L (r=1.00). The 99th percentile URL was 15.8 ng/L. Measurable cTnI values were found in 173/175 healthy subjects (98.9%). Good agreement of cTnI values was found with AccuTnI+3 (r=0.97; mean bias, −9.3%), whereas less satisfactory agreement was found with Siemens Dimension Vista cTnI (r=0.95; mean bias, −55%).

Conclusions:
The results of our evaluation of the Beckman Coulter Access hsTnI indicate that the analytical performance of this fully-automated immunoassay is excellent.