bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The stability of one dimensional stationary flows of compressible viscous fluids
Authors: Beirão da Veiga H. 
Published: February 2017

In [1], § 5 we gave a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of stationary solutions for the system (1.1) in the presence of arbitrarily large external forces

f(x)

. Here we prove, see theorem 2.1, that every stationary solution is necessarily stable. We use Euler coordinates, since a proof in Lagrange coordinates (see for instance [2], [3], [4]) should present greater obstacles.

Résumé
On démontre que toute solution du système d’équations décrivant le mouvement unidimensionnel d’un fluide compressible et visqueux (avec des forces arbitraires et indépendantes du temps) est nécessairement stable.
Nonuniqueness for the heat flow of harmonic maps
Authors: Coron J.-M. 
Published: February 2017

We construct maps

u_0 : B^3 → S^2

such that the Cauchy problem « find

u : B^3 × [0, + ∞) → S^2

such that

u(x, 0) = u_0(x)

in

B^3

,

u_{t}−\mathrm{\Delta }u = u\:\left|\nabla u\right|^{2}

,

u = u_0

on

∂B^3 × [0, + ∞)

» has infinitely many weak solutions.

Résumé

On construit des applications

u_0

de

B^3

dans

S^2

telles que le problème de Cauchy « trouver

u : B^3 × [0, + ∞ [→ S^2

tel que

u_{t}−\mathrm{\Delta }u = u\:\left|\nabla u\right|^{2}

,

u(x, 0) = u_0(x)

dans

B^3

,

u = u_0

sur

∂\mathrm{B}^{3} \times [0,\: + \infty [

» a une infinité de solutions faibles.
Biting theorems for Jacobians and their applications
Authors: Zhang K. 
Published: February 2017

Weak continuity for sequences of Jacobians of vector-valued functions in

W^{1,n}(Ω; R^n)

in the sense of Chacon’s Biting Lemma [13] is established via a maximal function method developed by Acerbi and Fusco [1]. A « div-curl » Lemma in the same spirit is also proved. The results are applied to the existence problem of nonlinear elastostatics and to a problem involving rank-one connections appearing in the theory of phase transitions.

Résumé

On démontre un théorème de continuité faible, au sens du lemme de morsure de Chacon, pour des suites de jacobiens de fonctions dans

W^{1,n}(Ω; R^n)

, ainsi qu’un lemme « div-rot ». Pour ce faire, on utilise la méthode de fonction maximale introduite par Acerbi et Fusco.
A generalization of a theorem of H. Brezis & F. E. Browder and applications to some unilateral problems
Authors: Boccardo L. , Giachetti D. , Murat F. 
Published: February 2017

The first Section of this paper is devoted to prove the following Theorem, which extends previous results of H. Brezis and F. E. Browder: Let

w \in \:\mathrm{W}_{0}^{m,p}(\mathrm{\Omega })

,

w ≥ 0

a. e. in

\mathrm Ω

and

T \in W^{−m,p'}(\mathrm Ω)

,

T = μ + h

where

μ

is a positive Radon measure and

h \in \mathrm{L}_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega })

is such that

hw ≥ − |Φ|

a. e. in

\mathrm Ω

for some

Φ ϵ L^1(\mathrm Ω)

; then

w

belongs to

L^1(\mathrm Ω; dμ)

,

hw

belongs to

L^1(\mathrm Ω)

and

〈\mathrm{T},\:\:w〉 = \int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}wd\mu + \:\int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}\:hwdx

.

The second and third Sections deal with applications of this Theorem to the study of two unilateral problems.

Sunto

Nella prima parte di quest’articolo viene dimostrato il seguente teorema che costituisce una generalizzazione di risultati ottenuti da H. Brezis e F. E. Browder : Sia

w \in \:\mathrm{W}_{0}^{m,p}(\mathrm{\Omega })

,

w ≥ 0

q. 0. in

\mathrm Ω

e

T \in W^{−m,p'}(\mathrm Ω)

,

T = μ + h

dove

μ

è una misura positiva di Radon e

h \in \mathrm{L}_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega })

è tale che

hw ≥ − |Φ|

q. o. in

\mathrm Ω

per un certo

Φ ϵ L^1(\mathrm Ω)

; allora

w

appartiene a

\mathrm{L}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega };\:d\mu )

,

hw

a

\mathrm{L}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega })

e

〈\mathrm{T},\:w〉=\int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}wd\mu + \int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}hwdx

.

Nella seconda e terza parte tale risultato viene applicato allo studio di due problemi unilaterali.

Résumé

Dans la première partie de cet article on démontre le théorème suivant, qui généralise des résultats de H. Brezis et F. E. Browder : Soient

w \in \:\mathrm{W}_{0}^{m,p}(\mathrm{\Omega })

,

w ≥ 0

p. p. dans

\mathrm Ω

et

T \in W^{−m,p'}(\mathrm Ω)

,

T = μ + h

où

μ

est une mesure de Radon positive et où

h \in \mathrm{L}_{\mathrm{loc}}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega })

est telle que

hw ≥ − |Φ|

p. p. dans

\mathrm Ω

pour un certain

Φ \in L^1(\mathrm Ω)

; alors

w

appartient à

L^1(Ω; dμ)

,

hw

appartient à

\mathrm{L}^{1}(\mathrm{\Omega })

et

〈\mathrm{T},\:\:w〉= \int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}wd\mu + \int _{\mathrm{\Omega }}hwdx

.

Dans la deuxième et la troisième parties on applique ce théorème à l’étude de deux problèmes unilatéraux.
La théorie mathématique de l’équilibre économique: extension du modèle de Arrow-Debreu au cadre non convexe
Authors: Cornet Bernard 
Published: February 2017

The aim of this paper is to present the mathematical theory of economic equibrium in the classical model developed by K. Arrow and G. Debreu, together with one of its recent generalizations which aim to take into account the presence of “nonconvexities” in the production sector.
This generalization is important from the economic point of view since the convexity of production sets, the assumption made by Arrow and Debreu, seems to be more the exception than the rule; in particular, the presence of increasing returns (a particular form of nonconvexities) in production sectors such as railways or electricity production is recognized since the past century.
The mathematical treatment of “nonconvexities” requires techniques more sophisticated than the ones used in the classical theory; firstly, tools from “Non-smooth Analysis” developed during the past ten years and secondly, tools from global analysis.

Résumé
Le but de cet article est de présenter la théorie mathématique de l’équilibre économique dans le cadre classique traité par K. Arrow et G. Debreu, ainsi qu’une de ses généralisations récentes qui prend en compte les « non-convexités » dans le secteur de la production.
Cette généralisation est importante sur le plan économique car la convexité des ensembles de production, hypothèse faite par Arrow-Debreu, semble être l’exception plutôt que la règle; en particulier, la présence de rendements croissants (une forme particulière de non-convexité) dans des secteurs de production comme l’électricité ou les chemins de fer est reconnue depuis le siècle dernier.
Sur le plan mathématique, la généralisation au cadre non convexe nécessite l’utilisation de techniques plus sophistiquées que dans la théorie classique; d’une part, des outils d’« analyse non différentiable » développés durant les dix dernières années et, d’autre part, des outils de topologie différentielle et de la théorie de Morse.
Breather soliton dynamics in microresonators
Authors: Yu Mengjie , Jang Jae K. , Okawachi Yoshitomo , Griffith Austin G. , Luke Kevin , Miller Steven A. , Ji Xingchen , Lipson Michal , Gaeta Alexander L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe generation of temporal cavity solitons in microresonators results in coherent low-noise optical frequency combs that are critical for applications in spectroscopy, astronomy, navigation or telecommunications. Breather solitons also form an important part of many different classes of nonlinear wave systems, manifesting themselves as a localized temporal structure that exhibits oscillatory behaviour. To date, the dynamics of breather solitons in microresonators remains largely unexplored, and its experimental characterization is challenging. Here we demonstrate the excitation of breather solitons in two different microresonator platforms based on silicon nitride and on silicon. We investigate the dependence of the breathing frequency on pump detuning and observe the transition from period-1 to period-2 oscillation. Our study constitutes a significant contribution to understanding the soliton dynamics within the larger context of nonlinear science.
Dynamic plasmonic colour display
Authors: Duan Xiaoyang , Kamin Simon , Liu Na 
Published: February 2017

AbstractPlasmonic colour printing based on engineered metasurfaces has revolutionized colour display science due to its unprecedented subwavelength resolution and high-density optical data storage. However, advanced plasmonic displays with novel functionalities including dynamic multicolour printing, animations, and highly secure encryption have remained in their infancy. Here we demonstrate a dynamic plasmonic colour display technique that enables all the aforementioned functionalities using catalytic magnesium metasurfaces. Controlled hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the constituent magnesium nanoparticles, which serve as dynamic pixels, allow for plasmonic colour printing, tuning, erasing and restoration of colour. Different dynamic pixels feature distinct colour transformation kinetics, enabling plasmonic animations. Through smart material processing, information encoded on selected pixels, which are indiscernible to both optical and scanning electron microscopies, can only be read out using hydrogen as a decoding key, suggesting a new generation of information encryption and anti-counterfeiting applications.
Deliberate and Accidental Gas-Phase Alkali Doping of Chalcogenide Semiconductors: Cu(In,Ga)Se2
Authors: Colombara Diego , Berner Ulrich , Ciccioli Andrea , Malaquias João C. , Bertram Tobias , Crossay Alexandre , Schöneich Michael , Meadows Helene J. , Regesch David , Delsante Simona , Gigli Guido , Valle Nathalie , Guillot Jérome , El Adib Brahime , Grysan Patrick , Dale Phillip J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAlkali metal doping is essential to achieve highly efficient energy conversion in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGSe) solar cells. Doping is normally achieved through solid state reactions, but recent observations of gas-phase alkali transport in the kesterite sulfide (Cu2ZnSnS4) system (re)open the way to a novel gas-phase doping strategy. However, the current understanding of gas-phase alkali transport is very limited. This work (i) shows that CIGSe device efficiency can be improved from 2% to 8% by gas-phase sodium incorporation alone, (ii) identifies the most likely routes for gas-phase alkali transport based on mass spectrometric studies, (iii) provides thermochemical computations to rationalize the observations and (iv) critically discusses the subject literature with the aim to better understand the chemical basis of the phenomenon. These results suggest that accidental alkali metal doping occurs all the time, that a controlled vapor pressure of alkali metal could be applied during growth to dope the semiconductor, and that it may have to be accounted for during the currently used solid state doping routes. It is concluded that alkali gas-phase transport occurs through a plurality of routes and cannot be attributed to one single source.
Bottom-trawling along submarine canyons impacts deep sedimentary regimes
Authors: Paradis Sarah , Puig Pere , Masqué Pere , Juan-Díaz Xènia , Martín Jacobo , Palanques Albert 
Published: February 2017

AbstractMany studies highlight that fish trawling activities cause seafloor erosion, but the assessment of the remobilization of surface sediments and its relocation is still not well documented. These impacts were examined along the flanks and axes of three headless submarine canyons incised on the Barcelona continental margin, where trawling fleets have been operating for decades. Trawled grounds along canyon flanks presented eroded and highly reworked surface sediments resulting from the passage of heavy trawling gear. Sedimentation rates on the upper canyon axes tripled and quadrupled its natural (i.e. pre-industrialization) values after a substantial increase in total horsepower of the operating trawling fleets between 1960 s and 1970 s. These impacts affected the upper canyon reaches next to fishing grounds, where sediment resuspended by trawling can be transported towards the canyon axes. This study highlights that bottom trawling has the capacity to alter natural sedimentary environments by promoting sediment-starved canyon flanks, and by enhancing sedimentation rates along the contiguous axes, independently of canyons’ morphology. Considering the global mechanisation and offshore expansion of bottom trawling fisheries since the mid-20th century, these sedimentary alterations may occur in many trawled canyons worldwide, with further ecological impacts on the trophic status of these non-resilient benthic communities.
3-D phononic crystals with ultra-wide band gaps
Authors: Lu Yan , Yang Yang , Guest James K. , Srivastava Ankit 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this paper gradient based topology optimization (TO) is used to discover 3-D phononic structures that exhibit ultra-wide normalized all-angle all-mode band gaps. The challenging computational task of repeated 3-D phononic band-structure evaluations is accomplished by a combination of a fast mixed variational eigenvalue solver and distributed Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) parallel computations. The TO algorithm utilizes the material distribution-based approach and a gradient-based optimizer. The design sensitivity for the mixed variational eigenvalue problem is derived using the adjoint method and is implemented through highly efficient vectorization techniques. We present optimized results for two-material simple cubic (SC), body centered cubic (BCC), and face centered cubic (FCC) crystal structures and show that in each of these cases different initial designs converge to single inclusion network topologies within their corresponding primitive cells. The optimized results show that large phononic stop bands for bulk wave propagation can be achieved at lower than close packed spherical configurations leading to lighter unit cells. For tungsten carbide - epoxy crystals we identify all angle all mode normalized stop bands exceeding 100%, which is larger than what is possible with only spherical inclusions.
Evolutionary, computational, and biochemical studies of the salicylaldehyde dehydrogenases in the naphthalene degradation pathway
Authors: Jia Baolei , Jia Xiaomeng , Hyun Kim Kyung , Ji Pu Zhong , Kang Myung-Suk , Ok Jeon Che 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSalicylaldehyde (SAL) dehydrogenase (SALD) is responsible for the oxidation of SAL to salicylate using nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) as a cofactor in the naphthalene degradation pathway. We report the use of a protein sequence similarity network to make functional inferences about SALDs. Network and phylogenetic analyses indicated that SALDs and the homologues are present in bacteria and fungi. The key residues in SALDs were analyzed by evolutionary methods and a molecular simulation analysis. The results showed that the catalytic residue is most highly conserved, followed by the residues binding NAD+ and then the residues binding SAL. A molecular simulation analysis demonstrated the binding energies of the amino acids to NAD+ and/or SAL and showed that a conformational change is induced by binding. A SALD from Alteromonas naphthalenivorans (SALDan) that undergoes trimeric oligomerization was characterized enzymatically. The results showed that SALDan could catalyze the oxidation of a variety of aromatic aldehydes. Site-directed mutagenesis of selected residues binding NAD+ and/or SAL affected the enzyme’s catalytic efficiency, but did not eliminate catalysis. Finally, the relationships among the evolution, catalytic mechanism, and functions of SALD are discussed. Taken together, this study provides an expanded understanding of the evolution, functions, and catalytic mechanism of SALD.
Systematic Review of the Surgical Treatment of Extremity Lymphedema
Authors: Carl Hannah , Walia Gurjot , Bello Ricardo , Clarke-Pearson Emily , Hassanein Aladdin , Cho Brian , Pedreira Rachel , Sacks Justin 
Published: February 2017

Background Although conservative management of lymphedema remains the first-line approach, surgery is effective in select patients. The purpose of this study was to review the literature and develop a treatment algorithm based on the highest quality lymphedema research.
Methods A systematic literature review was performed to examine the surgical treatments for lymphedema. Studies were categorized into five groups describing excision, liposuction, lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA), vascularized lymph node transfer (VLNT), and combined/multiple approaches. Studies were scored for methodological quality using the methodological index for nonrandomized studies (MINORS) scoring system.
Results A total of 69 articles met inclusion criteria and were assigned MINORS scores with a maximum score of 16 or 24 for noncomparative or comparative studies, respectively. The average MINORS scores using noncomparative criteria were 12.1 for excision, 13.2 for liposuction, 12.6 for LVA, 13.1 for VLNT, and 13.5 for combined/multiple approaches. Loss to follow-up was the most common cause of low scores. Thirty-nine studies scoring > 12/16 or > 19/24 were considered high quality. In studies measuring excess volume reduction, the mean reduction was 96.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 86.2–107%) for liposuction, 33.1% (95% CI: 14.4–51.9%) for LVA, and 26.4% (95% CI: − 7.98 to 60.8%) for VLNT. Included excision articles did not report excess volume reduction.
Conclusion Although the overall quality of lymphedema literature is fair, the MINORS scoring system is an effective method to isolate high-quality studies. These studies were used to develop an evidence-based algorithm to guide clinical practice. Further studies with a particular focus on patient follow-up will improve the validity of lymphedema surgery research.
The Ethics of “Choosing Wisely”: The Use of Neuroimaging for Uncomplicated Headache
Authors: Cote David J. , Laws Edward R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for evaluation of headache remains excessive among physicians across many specialties according to both the American Headache Society and the American College of Radiology, despite recent attempts at limiting overuse of imaging and procedures. As part of the Choosing Wisely campaign, both of these organizations have explicitly recommended against imaging in patients with uncomplicated or typical migraine headaches. Yet, the practice nevertheless remains prevalent, with estimates ranging from 12.4% to 15.9% of patients with uncomplicated headache receiving MRI in outpatient practices. The low prevalence of serious pathological findings on imaging in patients who present without other indicative symptoms and the high cost of such exams necessitates a thorough evaluation of appropriate use of MRI for headache. Here, we debate the problematic use of MRI for uncomplicated headache and put forth a discussion of possible interventions that could promote more efficient use of imaging. Overuse of imaging has the potential to open a box that cannot readily be closed, and physicians upstream of surgical decision making must remain aware of the downstream effects of their clinical choices.
First Report of Squash vein yellowing virus in Watermelon in Guatemala
Authors: Jeyaprakash Ayyamperumal , Baker Carlye A. , Schubert Timothy S. , Badillo-Vargas Ismael E. , Roberts Pamela D. , Funderburk Joseph E. , Adkins Scott 
Published: February 2017

Watermelon and other cucurbits are important crops grown in Guatemala for local consumption and export. This is the first report of SqVYV infecting watermelon in Central America. Accepted for publication 14 July 2015. Published 15 July 2015.
Development of Pre- and Postharvest Phytophthora Fruit Rot on Watermelons Treated with Fungicides in the Field
Authors: Kousik Chandrasekar S. , Ikerd Jennifer L. , Harrison Howard F. 
Published: February 2017

Fruit rot, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is a serious disease in most watermelon producing regions in the southeastern United States and has caused devastating losses over the past few years. Experiments were conducted from 2010 to 2013 in a P. capsici-infested field to identify fungicides effective for managing pre- and postharvest development of Phytophthora fruit rot. Weekly treatments of OXTP (Oxathiapiprolin), V-10208 (ethaboxam), Zampro (ametoctradin+dimethomorph), Forum (dimethomorph), Prophyt (potassium phosphite) + Kocide 2000 (copper hydroxide), Revus (mandipropamid) rotated with Prophyt + Kocide, and rotations of Revus with Presidio (fluopicolide) and Actigard with Revus significantly reduced preharvest fruit rot in the field compared to nontreated control. Symptomless fruit harvested four days after the last spray was inoculated with P. capsici and maintained in a humid chamber to evaluate postharvest fruit rot development. OXTP, Zampro, Forum, V-10208, Presidio rotated with Revus, and Actigard rotated with Revus applied in the field provided extended postharvest protection compared to nontreated control. Many of these fungicides belonging to different FRAC group should be used in rotations to manage Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon and should be part of an overall management strategy that also includes use of well drained fields and proper irrigation practices. Accepted 25 August 2014. 29 September 2014.
Possible Opioid Shopping and its Correlates
Authors: Walker Alexander M. , Weatherby Lisa B. , Cepeda M. Soledad , Bradford Daniel , Yuan Yingli 
Published: February 2017

Background:
We created an operational definition of possible opioid shopping in US commercial health insurance data and examined its correlates.

Methods:
The population consisted of 264,204 treatment courses in persons with a fill for an opioid or diuretic prescription in 2012 and a second within 18 months. We examined counts of prescribers and pharmacies and the numbers of fills and overlaps for ability to discriminate courses of opioids from diuretics, which were a negative control. The most discriminatory measure, indicating possible shopping behavior, was cross-tabulated against other prescriptions filled and diagnoses as found in insurance claims. The associations between claims characteristics and shopping behavior were assessed in a logistic regression.

Results:
A definition that classified possible “moderate” or “extensive” shopping when a person obtained drug through at least 3 practices and at least 3 pharmacies over 18 months was highly discriminatory between opioid and diuretic treatment. Overlaps between fills and number of fills did not improve the discrimination. Data from insurance claims strongly predicted moderate-to-extensive levels of possible shopping (c=0.82). Prominent among 20 significant predictors were: state of residence; amount of opioid dispensed; self-payment; use of nonspecialist prescribers; high use of anxiolytics, hypnotics, psychostimulants, and antipsychotics; and use of both immediate release and extended-release or long-acting opioids.

Conclusions:
The use of ≥3 prescribing practices and ≥3 dispensing pharmacies over 18 months sharply discriminated courses of opioid treatment from courses of diuretics. This pattern of fills was additionally associated with the numbers of nonspecialist and self-paid fills, the total morphine milligram equivalents dispensed, and heavier use of drugs for anxiety, sleep, attention, and psychosis.