bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIDDEN ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI IN EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES
Authors: Paggi Alessandro , Fabbiano Giuseppina , Civano Francesca , Pellegrini Silvia , Elvis Martin , Kim Dong-Woo 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We present a stacking analysis of the complete sample of early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Chandra COSMOS (C-COSMOS) survey, to explore the nature of the X-ray luminosity in the redshift and stellar luminosity ranges

and

. Using established scaling relations, we subtract the contribution of X-ray binary populations to estimate the combined emission of hot ISM and active galactic nuclei (AGNs). To discriminate between the relative importance of these two components, we (1) compare our results with the relation observed in the local universe

for hot gaseous halos emission in ETGs, and (2) evaluate the spectral signature of each stacked bin. We find two regimes where the non-stellar X-ray emission is hard, consistent with AGN emission. First, there is evidence of hard, absorbed X-ray emission in stacked bins including relatively high z (∼1.2) ETGs with average high X-ray luminosity (

). These luminosities are consistent with the presence of highly absorbed “hidden” AGNs in these ETGs, which are not visible in their optical–IR spectra and spectral energy distributions. Second, confirming the early indication from our C-COSMOS study of X-ray detected ETGs, we find significantly enhanced X-ray luminosity in lower stellar mass ETGs (

), relative to the local

relation. The stacked spectra of these ETGs also suggest X-ray emission harder than expected from gaseous hot halos. This emission is consistent with inefficient accretion

onto

.
SPECTROSCOPIC DETERMINATION OF MASSES (AND IMPLIED AGES) FOR RED GIANTS
Authors: Ness M. , Hogg David W. , Rix H.-W. , Martig M. , Pinsonneault Marc H. , Ho A. Y. Q. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
The mass of a star is arguably its most fundamental parameter. For red giant stars, tracers luminous enough to be observed across the Galaxy, mass implies a stellar evolution age. It has proven to be extremely difficult to infer ages and masses directly from red giant spectra using existing methods. From the Kepler and apogee surveys, samples of several thousand stars exist with high-quality spectra and asteroseismic masses. Here we show that from these data we can build a data-driven spectral model using The Cannon, which can determine stellar masses to ∼0.07 dex from apogee dr12 spectra of red giants; these imply age estimates accurate to ∼0.2 dex (40%). We show that The Cannon constrains these ages foremost from spectral regions with CN absorption lines, elements whose surface abundances reflect mass-dependent dredge-up. We deliver an unprecedented catalog of 70,000 giants (including 20,000 red clump stars) with mass and age estimates, spanning the entire disk (from the Galactic center to

kpc). We show that the age information in the spectra is not simply a corollary of the birth-material abundances

and

, and that, even within a monoabundance population of stars, there are age variations that vary sensibly with Galactic position. Such stellar age constraints across the Milky Way open up new avenues in Galactic archeology.
A CHANDRA STUDY OF THE IMAGE POWER SPECTRA OF 41 COOL CORE AND NON-COOL CORE GALAXY CLUSTERS
Authors: Zhang Chenhao , Xu Haiguang , Zhu Zhenghao , Li Weitian , Hu Dan , Wang Jingying , Gu Junhua , Gu Liyi , Zhang Zhongli , Liu Chengze , Zhu Jie , Wu Xiang-Ping 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
In this work we propose a new diagnostic to segregate cool core (CC) clusters from non-CC (NCC) clusters by studying the two-dimensional power spectra of the X-ray images observed with the Chandra X-ray observatory. Our sample contains 41 members (

) which are selected from the Chandra archive when a high photon count, an adequate angular resolution, a relatively complete detector coverage, and coincident CC–NCC classifications derived with three traditional diagnostics are simultaneously guaranteed. We find that in the log–log space the derived image power spectra can be well represented by a constant model component at large wavenumbers, while at small wavenumbers a power excess beyond the constant component appears in all clusters, with a clear tendency that the excess is stronger in CC clusters. By introducing a new CC diagnostic parameter, i.e., the power excess index (PEI), we classify the clusters in our sample and compare the results with those obtained with three traditional CC diagnostics. We find that the results agree with each other very well. By calculating the PEI values of the simulated clusters, we find that the new diagnostic works well at redshifts up to 0.5 for intermediately sized and massive clusters with a typical Chandra or XMM-Newton pointing observation. The new CC diagnostic has several advantages over its counterparts, e.g., it is free of the effects of the commonly seen centroid shift of the X-ray halo caused by merger event, and the corresponding calculation is straightforward, almost irrelevant to the complicated spectral analysis.
DISTANCE TO THE IBEX RIBBON SOURCE INFERRED FROM PARALLAX
Authors: Swaczyna P. , Bzowski M. , Christian E. R. , Funsten H. O. , McComas D. J. , Schwadron N. A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
Maps of energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes obtained from observations made by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) revealed a bright structure extending over the sky, subsequently dubbed the IBEX ribbon. The ribbon had not been expected from the existing models and theories prior to IBEX, and a number of mechanisms have since been proposed to explain the observations. In these mechanisms, the observed ENAs emerge from source plasmas located at different distances from the Sun. Since each part of the sky is observed by IBEX twice during the year from opposite sides of the Sun, the apparent position of the ribbon as observed in the sky is shifted due to parallax. To determine the ribbon’s parallax, we found the precise location of the maximum signal of the ribbon observed in each orbital arc. The apparent positions obtained were subsequently corrected for the Compton–Getting effect, gravitational deflection, and radiation pressure. Finally, we selected a part of the ribbon where its position is similar in the different IBEX energy passbands. We compared the apparent positions obtained from the viewing locations on the opposite sides of the Sun, and found that they are shifted by a parallax angle of 0.°41 ± 0.°15, which corresponds to a distance of

AU. This finding supports models of the ribbon with the source located just outside the heliopause.
PARALLAX AND ORBITAL EFFECTS IN ASTROMETRIC MICROLENSING WITH BINARY SOURCES
Authors: Nucita A. A. , Paolis F. De , Ingrosso G. , Giordano M. , Manni L. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
In gravitational microlensing, binary systems may act as lenses or sources. Identifying lens binarity is generally easy, in particular in events characterized by caustic crossing since the resulting light curve exhibits strong deviations from a smooth single-lensing light curve. In contrast, light curves with minor deviations from a Paczyński behavior do not allow one to identify the source binarity. A consequence of gravitational microlensing is the shift of the position of the multiple image centroid with respect to the source star location — the so-called astrometric microlensing signal. When the astrometric signal is considered, the presence of a binary source manifests with a path that largely differs from that expected for single source events. Here, we investigate the astrometric signatures of binary sources taking into account their orbital motion and the parallax effect due to the Earth’s motion, which turn out not to be negligible in most cases. We also show that considering the above-mentioned effects is important in the analysis of astrometric data in order to correctly estimate the lens-event parameters.
SWING AMPLIFICATION OF GALACTIC SPIRAL ARMS: PHASE SYNCHRONIZATION OF STELLAR EPICYCLE MOTION
Authors: Michikoshi Shugo , Kokubo Eiichiro 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We revisit the swing amplification model of galactic spiral arms proposed by Toomre. We describe the derivation of the perturbation equation in detail and investigate the amplification process of stellar spirals. We find that the elementary process of the swing amplification is the phase synchronization of the stellar epicycle motion. Regardless of the initial epicycle phase, the epicycle phases of stars in a spiral are synchronized during the amplification. Based on the phase synchronization, we explain the dependence of the pitch angle of spirals on the epicycle frequency. We find the most amplified spiral mode and calculate its pitch angle, wavelengths, and amplification factor, which are consistent with those obtained by the more rigorous model based on the Boltzmann equation by Julian & Toomre.
THE 2 Ms CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-NORTH SURVEY AND THE 250 Ks EXTENDED CHANDRA DEEP FIELD-SOUTH SURVEY: IMPROVED POINT-SOURCE CATALOGS
Authors: Xue Y. Q. , Luo B. , Brandt W. N. , Alexander D. M. , Bauer F. E. , Lehmer B. D. , Yang G. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
We present improved point-source catalogs for the 2 Ms Chandra Deep Field-North (CDF-N) and the 250 ks Extended Chandra Deep Field-South (E-CDF-S) Surveys, implementing a number of recent improvements in Chandra source-cataloging methodology. For CDF-N/E-CDF-S, we provide a main catalog that contains 683/1003 X-ray sources detected with wavdetect at a false-positive probability threshold of 10−5 that also satisfy a binomial-probability source-selection criterion of

/P < 0.002. Such an approach maximizes the number of reliable sources detected: a total of 196/275 main-catalog sources are new compared to the Alexander et al. CDF-N/Lehmer et al. E-CDF-S main catalogs. We also provide CDF-N/E-CDF-S supplementary catalogs that consist of 72/56 sources detected at the same wavdetect threshold and having P of 0.004–0.1/0.002–0.1 and

mag counterparts. For all

CDF-N and E-CDF-S sources, including the

newly detected ones (these being generally fainter and more obscured), we determine X-ray source positions utilizing centroid and matched-filter techniques; we also provide multiwavelength identifications, apparent magnitudes of counterparts, spectroscopic and/or photometric redshifts, basic source classifications, and estimates of observed active galactic nucleus and galaxy source densities around respective field centers. Simulations show that both the CDF-N and E-CDF-S main catalogs are highly reliable and reasonably complete. Background and sensitivity analyses indicate that the on-axis mean flux limits reached represent a factor of

–2.0 improvement over the previous CDF-N and E-CDF-S limits. We make our data products publicly available.
Ordre moral et droits de l’homme
Authors: Sacchi Paola 
Published: May 2016

Cet article se fonde sur une documentation tirée des actes d’un procès pénal et du discours médiatique qui l’a accompagné, d’où se dégage une image de « familles musulmanes » répressives et fondamentalistes, dont les choix et les actions quotidiennes seraient l’expression d’une tradition niant les droits des femmes et des jeunes. Mettant en évidence les ingrédients et les modalités d’une représentation qui se fait l’instrument d’une exclusion sociale, cette analyse permet de réfléchir sur l’idéologie des droits de l’homme fondamentaux. En particulier, sur l’écart qui se creuse entre la reconnaissance de principe du pluralisme culturel et la tendance à estimer que les droits universels ne se réalisent que dans les pratiques « occidentales » et « modernes ».
Quoi de neuf docteur ? Une étude économétrique sur la recherche en ligne d’informations médicales par les patients
Authors: Farajallah Mehdi , Le Goff-Pronost Myriam , Pénard Thierry , Suire Raphaël 
Published: May 2016

Cet article a pour objectif d’étudier les usages d’Internet pour la santé en termes de consultation d’informations médicales en ligne. Les internautes cherchent-ils sur Internet des informations en vue de comprendre ou confirmer le diagnostic du médecin (Internet comme complément) ou pour remplacer ou contester son diagnostic (Internet comme substitut) ? Nous avons mené une étude empirique sur 1344 internautes bretons et développé trois modèles économétriques de type Logit. Nous constatons que le principal usage en santé est la recherche d’informations pour obtenir des informations sur une maladie ou les symptômes d’une maladie. Les résultats sont conformes à la revue de littérature et montrent que la recherche d’informations en ligne sur la santé est plus élevée pour les femmes, pour les personnes ayant un faible niveau de santé et pour ceux qui passent plus de temps sur Internet. Les profils des internautes qui recherchent des informations complémentaires sont différents de ceux qui recherchent des informations de substitution. Un des avantages d’avoir accès à de l’information médicale en ligne est la diminution des coûts en termes de temps, d’accès et de revenu. Les personnes actives dans le sens d’avoir un emploi, mais aussi pour le temps passé sur Internet sont enclines à chercher plus d’informations pour un second avis. L’état de santé est aussi un facteur explicatif très important pour les informations de substitution. Cependant, l’enquête n’était pas suffisamment détaillée pour conclure en une baisse du nombre de consultations médicales réelles et qualifier l’impact d’internet sur la confiance accordée au médecin.
Distribution spatiale de la mortalité hospitalière par AVC en France, 2008-2011
Authors: Roussot Adrien , Cottenet Jonathan , Combier Evelyne , Gadreau Maryse , Giroud Maurice , Bejot Yannick , Quantin Catherine 
Published: May 2016

Introduction : Le Plan national AVC prévoit l’utilisation des bases de données médico-administratives pour établir et suivre certains indicateurs de prise en charge des AVC. À partir du PMSI-MCO 2008-2011, nous avons établi une analyse descriptive des AVC hospitalisés en France, ainsi qu’une cartographie des taux de mortalité hospitalière. Matériel et méthodes : Les principales caractéristiques des patients victimes d’AVC ont été étudiées. Une cartographie des taux de mortalité standardisés a été effectuée à l’échelle des codes géographiques PMSI. Une analyse exploratoire utilisant les données socio-professionnelles INSEE et les taux de mortalité a également été menée. Résultats : Entre 2008 et 2011, le nombre d’AVC a augmenté de 3,85 %. La moyenne d’âge des patients a également augmenté malgré une hausse significative des hospitalisations chez les 36 – 55 ans. La mortalité hospitalière a reculé sur la période, la cartographie des taux standardisés illustre la prégnance d’une diagonale de surmortalité du nord-est au sud-ouest du pays. Discussion : Le vieillissement de la population victime d’AVC ne doit pas faire oublier l’accroissement de « jeunes » patients, ce qui interroge sur le développement des facteurs de risques classiques (tabagisme, hypertension) ou nouveaux (stupéfiants). Le traitement cartographique des données permet d’établir une typologie socio-sanitaire des territoires qui pourrait être reproduite à une échelle plus fine. Conclusion : Le PMSI-MCO peut être utilisé pour l’observation territorialisée de certains indicateurs de performance du système de soins, comme la mortalité hospitalière, autant que pour le suivi de la mise en œuvre du Plan national de lutte contre les AVC.
Word recognition strategies amongst isiXhosa/English bilingual learners: The interaction of orthography and language of learning and teaching
Authors: Probert Tracy , De Vos Mark 
Published: May 2016

Word recognition is a major component of fluent reading and involves an interaction of language structure, orthography, and metalinguistic skills. This study examined reading strategies in isiXhosa and the transfer of these strategies to an additional language, English. IsiXhosa was chosen because of its agglutinative structure and conjunctive orthography. Data was collected at two schools which differed with regards to their language of learning and teaching (LoLT) in the first three years of schooling: isiXhosa and English respectively. Participants completed a wordand pseudo-word reading aloud task in each of two languages which hypothetically impose different cognitive demands. Skills transfer occurs to a limited extent when the language of first literacy uses a transparent orthography, but is less predictable when the language of first literacy uses an opaque orthography. We show that although there is transfer of word recognition strategies from transparent to deep orthographies, felicitous transfer is limited to sublexical strategies; infelicitous transfer also occurs when lexical strategies are transferred in problematic ways. The results support the contention that reading strategies and cognitive skills are fine tuned to particular languages. This study emphasises that literacies in different languages present readers with different structural puzzles which require language-particular suites of cognitive reading skills. Keywords: Foundation phase education; multilingual education; reading; word recognition; automaticity; isiXhosa reading
A new web-based system to improve the monitoring of snow avalanche hazard in France
Authors: Bourova Ekaterina , Maldonado Eric , Leroy Jean-Baptiste , Alouani Rachid , Eckert Nicolas , Bonnefoy-Demongeot Mylene , Deschatres Michael 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Snow avalanche data in the French Alps and Pyrenees have been recorded for more than 100 years in several databases. The increasing amount of observed data required a more integrative and automated service. Here we report the comprehensive web-based Snow Avalanche Information System newly developed to this end for three important data sets: an avalanche chronicle (Enquête Permanente sur les Avalanches, EPA), an avalanche map (Carte de Localisation des Phénomènes d'Avalanche, CLPA) and a compilation of hazard and vulnerability data recorded on selected paths endangering human settlements (Sites Habités Sensibles aux Avalanches, SSA). These data sets are now integrated into a common database, enabling full interoperability between all different types of snow avalanche records: digitized geographic data, avalanche descriptive parameters, eyewitness reports, photographs, hazard and risk levels, etc. The new information system is implemented through modular components using Java-based web technologies with Spring and Hibernate frameworks. It automates the manual data entry and improves the process of information collection and sharing, enhancing user experience and data quality, and offering new outlooks to explore and exploit the huge amount of snow avalanche data available for fundamental research and more applied risk assessment.
Current temporal asymmetry and the role of tides: Nan-Wan Bay vs. the Gulf of Elat
Authors: Ashkenazy Yosef , Fredj Erick , Gildor Hezi , Gong Gwo-Ching , Lee Hung-Jen 
Published: May 2016

Abstract. Nan-Wan Bay in Taiwan and the Gulf of Elat in Israel are two different coastal environments, and as such, their currents are expected to have different statistical properties. While Nan-Wan Bay is shallow, has three open boundaries, and is directly connected to the open ocean, the Gulf of Elat is deep, semi-enclosed, and connected to the Red Sea via the Straits of Tiran. Surface currents have been continuously measured with fine temporal (less than or equal to 1 h) and spatial resolution (less than or equal to 1 km) for more than a year in both environments using coastal radars (CODARs) that cover a domain of roughly 10  ×  10 km. These measurements show that the currents in Nan-Wan Bay are much stronger than those in the Gulf of Elat and that the mean current field in Nan-Wan Bay exhibits cyclonic circulation, which is stronger in the summer; in the Gulf of Elat, the mean current field is directed southward and is also stronger during the summer. We have compared the statistical properties of the current speeds in both environments and found that both exhibit large spatial and seasonal variations in the shape parameter of the Weibull distribution. However, we have found fundamental and significant differences when comparing the temporal asymmetry of the current speed (i.e., the ratio between the time during which the current speed increases and the total time). While the Nan-Wan Bay currents are significantly asymmetric, those of the Gulf of Elat are not. We then extracted the tidal component of the Nan-Wan Bay currents and found that it is strongly asymmetric, while the asymmetry of tidally filtered currents is much weaker. We thus conclude that the temporal asymmetry of the Nan-Wan Bay currents reported here is due to the strong tides in the region. We show that the asymmetry ratio in Nan-Wan Bay varies spatially and seasonally: (i) the currents increase rapidly and decay slowly in the northern part of the domain and vice versa in the southern part, and (ii) the asymmetry is stronger during summer.
Da ideia de planejamento no Brasil ao Plano Diretor participativo de Rio Verde (GO)
Authors: Ribeiro Emival Da Cunha , Silva Márcio Rodrigues 
Published: May 2016

ResumoEste artigo faz uma análise da participação popular no plano diretor do município de Rio Verde - Goiás. Inicialmente, é feito um breve histórico da ideia de como os Estados passam a planejar suas ações para buscar o desenvolvimento. Posteriormente, analisa-se a questão do planejamento urbano, a partir da perspectiva do Estatuto da Cidade, realçando a participação popular na gestão e no planejamento público das cidades. Finalmente, identificam-se os mecanismos de participação previstos no Plano Diretor de Rio Verde, destacando-se o Conselho das Cidades.Palavras-chave: Planejamento; planejamento urbano; participação popular. AbstractThis article is an analysis of citizens’ participation in the master plan of the municipality of Rio Verde – Goiás. Initially, a brief history of the idea of how states start planning their actions to seek development is described. Later, we analyze the issue of urban planning, from the perspective of the City Statute, highlighting public participation in public management and planning of cities. Finally, we identify the participation mechanisms established by the Master Plan of Rio Verde, highlighting the Council of Cities.Keywords: Planning; urban planning; public participation. ResumenEste artículo hace un análisis de la participación popular en el Plan Director Del município de Rio Verde, Goiás. Inicialmente, se hizo una lista de ideas de como los Estados planean sus acciones para buscar el desenvolvimiento. Posteriormente, se analizó la cuestión de la planificación urbana a partir de de la perspectiva del Estatuto de la ciudad, realzando la participación popular en la gestion y la planificación pública de las ciudades. Finalmente, se identificaron los mecanismos de participación previstos en el Plan Director de Rio Verde destacándose el consejo de las ciudades.Palabras clave: Planificación, planificación urbana, participación popular.