bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Diagnostic Guideline for Anxiety and Challenging Behaviour for Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: Preliminary Outcomes on Internalizing Problems, Challenging Behaviours, Quality of Life and Clients' Satisfaction
Authors: Pruijssers Addy , van Meijel Berno , Maaskant Marian , Teerenstra Steven , van Achterberg Theo 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundPeople with intellectual disabilities are vulnerable to develop psychopathology (in particular anxiety) and related challenging behaviour.A diagnostic guideline was developed to support professionals to better diagnose and thus treat psychopathology and related CB. This study examined preliminary outcomes from the application of this guideline.MethodA comparative multiple case study with an experimental and a control condition.ResultsThe application of the guideline showed a trend of decreases of internalizing problems (P = 0.07) and anxiety/depressed problems (P = 0.09). We found no statistically significant decreases of externalizing problems and no increases in perceived quality of life as compared with care as usual. Clients were not more satisfied with the support they received for coping with their emotional and behaviour problems.ConclusionThe application of the Diagnostic Guideline for Anxiety and Challenging Behaviour did not show statistically significant changes in externalizing problems and Quality of Life. Despite the small sample size of n = 59, we did find a trend in decreasing internalizing problems and anxiety/depressed problems. Further research into either or not confirming these trends is recommended.
The impact of breastfeeding peer support for mothers aged under 25: a time series analysis
Authors: Scott Sarah , Pritchard Catherine , Szatkowski Lisa 
Published: January 2016

AbstractBreastfeeding has known positive health benefits for babies and mothers, yet the UK has one of the lowest breastfeeding initiation rates in Europe. Despite national guidance that recommends provision of breastfeeding peer support, there is conflicting evidence regarding its effectiveness, especially in high‐income countries, and a lack of evidence among young mothers. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a breastfeeding peer support service (BPSS) in one UK city in increasing breastfeeding initiation and duration in young mothers. Routinely collected data were obtained on feeding method at birth, 2 and 6 weeks for all 5790 women aged <25 registered with a local general practitioner and who gave birth from April 2009 to September 2013. Segmented regression was used to quantify the impact of the introduction of the BPSS in September 2012 on the prevalence of breastfeeding at birth, 2 and 6 weeks, accounting for underlying trends. Results showed that breastfeeding prevalence at birth and 2 weeks began to increase month‐on‐month after the introduction of the BPSS, where previous figures had been static; prevalence at birth increased by 0.55 percentage points per month (95% CI 0.10–1.00, P = 0.018) and at 2 weeks by 0.50 percentage points (95% CI 0.15–0.86, P = 0.007). There was no change from an underlying marginally increasing trend in prevalence at 6 weeks. In conclusion, our findings suggest that a one‐to‐one BPSS provided by paid peer supporters and targeted at young mothers in the antenatal and post‐natal periods may be beneficial in increasing breastfeeding initiation and prevalence at 2 weeks.
Mutation of the
murC
and
murB
Genes Impairs Heterocyst Differentiation in Anabaena sp. Strain PCC 7120
Authors: Videau Patrick , Rivers Orion S. , Ushijima Blake , Oshiro Reid T. , Kim Min Joo , Philmus Benjamin , Cozy Loralyn M. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT

To stabilize cellular integrity in the face of environmental perturbations, most bacteria, including cyanobacteria, synthesize and maintain a strong, flexible, three-dimensional peptidoglycan lattice.
Anabaena
sp. strain PCC 7120 is a filamentous cyanobacterium capable of differentiating morphologically distinct nitrogen-fixing heterocyst cells in a periodic pattern. While heterocyst development has been shown to require proper peptidoglycan remodeling, the role of peptidoglycan synthesis has remained unclear. Here we report the identification of two peptidoglycan synthesis genes,
murC
(
alr5065
) and
murB
(
alr5066
), as required for heterocyst development. The
murC
and
murB
genes are predicted to encode a UDP-
N
-acetylmuramate:
l
-alanine ligase and a UDP-
N
-acetylenolpyruvoylglucosamine reductase, respectively, and we confirm enzymatic function through complementation of
Escherichia coli
strains deficient for these enzymes. Cells depleted of either
murC
or
murB
expression failed to differentiate heterocysts under normally inducing conditions and displayed decreased filament integrity. To identify the stage(s) of development affected by
murC
or
murB
depletion, the spatial distribution of expression of the patterning marker gene,
patS
, was examined. Whereas
murB
depletion did not affect the pattern of
patS
expression,
murC
depletion led to aberrant expression of
patS
in all cells of the filament. Finally, expression of
gfp
controlled by the region of DNA immediately upstream of
murC
was enriched in differentiating cells and was repressed by the transcription factor NtcA. Collectively, the data in this work provide evidence for a direct link between peptidoglycan synthesis and the maintenance of a biological pattern in a multicellular organism.

IMPORTANCE
Multicellular organisms that differentiate specialized cells must regulate morphological changes such that both cellular integrity and the dissemination of developmental signals are preserved. Here we show that the multicellular bacterium
Anabaena
, which differentiates a periodic pattern of specialized heterocyst cells, requires peptidoglycan synthesis by the murine ligase genes
murC
(
alr5065
) and
murB
(
alr5066
) for maintenance of patterned gene expression, filament integrity, and overall development. This work highlights the significant influence that intracellular structure and intercellular connections can have on the execution of a developmental program.
Role ofUTS2gene in the genetic susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in the Chinese population
Authors: Zhao Jing , Ding Wen-Hui , Chu Song-Yun , Jiang Jie , Zhou Jing , Xia Yu-Long , Wu Lin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractObjectiveAtrial fibrosis plays a key role in the inducibility and persistence of atrial fibrillation. Urotensin II (U-II/UTS2) induces cardiac fibrosis by increasing fibroblast collagen synthesis and increased U-II plasma levels have been reported in patients with atrial fibrosis. Our objective was therefore to evaluate the possible role of the UTS2 gene polymorphisms Thr21Met and Ser89Asn in the genetic susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in a Chinese population.MethodsA case–control study was designed to compare the distribution of alleles and genotypes between controls (n=197) and patients with AF (n=197). The detection of UTS2 gene polymorphisms was undertaken using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique.ResultsWe identified statistically significant differences between the atrial fibrillation and control groups with regard to the frequency of genotype variant GA at the Ser89Asn locus (OR 1.955, 95% CI 1.071 to 3.566, p=0.029). When stratified by sex, differences in genotype distribution of polymorphism Ser89Asn was only seen in men in the additive tested inheritance model (OR 2.843, 95% CI 1.273 to 6.348, p=0.011). There was a statistical difference in Met21Met, implying a potential beneficial role for atrial fibrillation in the recessive tested inheritance model among men (OR 0.260, 95% CI 0.075 to 0.89, p=0.033; AA vs GA-GG). For subjects with atrial fibrillation, the Met21Met genotype was associated with a larger anteroposterior left atrial diameter (AA vs GG, 4.12±0.62 vs 3.86±0.51, p=0.028) and a smaller left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (AA vs GG, 4.50±0.48 vs 4.78±0.49, p=0.039).ConclusionsSer89Asn polymorphisms of the UTS2 gene are significantly associated with atrial fibrillation in the Chinese population. Additionally, we demonstrated that genotype Met21Met may have a potential beneficial role in atrial fibrillation.
Relationship Between Early and Late Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia and Cardiovascular Death in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome in the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) Trial
Authors: Bui An H. , Cannon Christopher P. , Steg Philippe Gabriel , Storey Robert F. , Husted Steen , Guo Jianping , Im KyungAh , James Stefan K. , Michelson Eric L. , Himmelmann Anders , Held Claes , Varenhorst Christoph , Wallentin Lars , Scirica Benjamin M. 
Published: January 2016

Background—
Nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT) is common after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and a marker of increased risk of arrhythmogenic death. However, the prognostic significance of NSVT when evaluated with other contemporary risk markers and at later time points after ACS remains uncertain.

Methods and Results—

In the Platelet Inhibition and Patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial, continuous ECGs were performed during the first 7 days after ACS (n=2866) and repeated for another 7 days at day 30 (n=1991). Median follow-up was 1 year. There was a time-varying interaction between NSVT and cardiovascular death such that NSVT was significantly associated with increased risk within the first 30 days after randomization (22/999 [2.2%] versus 16/1825 [0.9%]; adjusted hazard ratio, 2.84; 95% confidence interval, 1.39–5.79;
P
=0.004) but not after 30 days (28/929 [3.0%] versus 42/1734 [2.4%];
P
=0.71). Detection of NSVT during the convalescent phase (n=428/1991; 21.5%) was also associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death, and was most marked within the first 2 months after detection (1.9% versus 0.3%; adjusted hazard ratio, 5.48; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–28.20;
P
=0.01), and then decreasing over time such that the relationship was no longer significant by ≈5 months after ACS.

Conclusions—
NSVT occurred frequently during the acute and convalescent phases of ACS. The risk of cardiovascular death associated with NSVT was the greatest during the first 30 days after presentation; however, patients with NSVT detected during the convalescent phase were also at a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular death that persisted for an additional several months after the index event.

Clinical Trial Registration—

http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT00391872.
An Integrated Management Approach to Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Carter Lindsey , Gardner Martin , Magee Kirk , Fearon Ann , Morgulis Inna , Doucette Steve , Sapp John L. , Gray Chris , Abdelwahab Amir , Parkash Ratika 
Published: January 2016

Background

Atrial fibrillation (
AF
) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia resulting in mortality and morbidity. Gaps in oral anticoagulation and education of patients regarding
AF
have been identified as areas that require improvement.

Methods and Results

A before‐and‐after study of 433 patients with newly diagnosed
AF
in the 3 emergency departments in Nova Scotia from January 1, 2011 until January 31, 2014 was performed. The “before” phase underwent the usual‐care pathway for
AF
management; the “after” phase was enrolled in a nurse‐run, physician‐supervised
AF
clinic. The primary outcome was a composite of death, cardiovascular hospitalization, and
AF
‐related emergency department visits. A propensity analysis was performed to account for differences in baseline characteristics.

Results

A total of 185 patients were enrolled into the usual‐care group, and 228 patients were enrolled in the
AF
clinic group. The mean age was 64±15 years and 44% were women. In a propensity‐matched analysis, the primary outcome occurred in 44 (26.2%) patients in the usual‐care group and 29 (17.3%) patients in the
AF
clinic group (odds ratio 0.71; 95%
CI
[0.59, 1];
P
=0.049) at 12 months. Prescription of oral anticoagulation was increased in the
CHADS
2
≥2 group (88.4% in the
AF
clinic versus 58.5% in the usual‐care group,
P
<0.01).

Conclusions

Adoption of this integrated management approach for the burgeoning population of
AF
may provide an overall benefit to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
Brazilian adult individuals with untreated isolated GH deficiency do not have accelerated subclinical atherosclerosis
Authors: Costa Ursula M M , Oliveira Carla R P , Salvatori Roberto , Barreto-Filho José A S , Campos Viviane C , Oliveira Francielle T , Rocha Ivina E S , Oliveira Joselina L M , Silva Wersley A , Aguiar-Oliveira Manuel H 
Published: January 2016

AbstractGH and its principal mediator IGF1 have important effects on metabolic and cardiovascular (CV) status. While acquired GH deficiency (GHD) is often associated with increased CV risk, the consequences of congenital GHD are not known. We have described a large group of patients with isolated GHD (IGHD) due to a homozygous mutation (c.57+1G>A) in the GH releasing hormone receptor gene, and shown that adult GH-naïve individuals have no evidence of clinically evident premature atherosclerosis. To test whether subclinical atherosclerosis is anticipated in untreated IGHD, we performed a cross-sectional study of 25 IGHD and 27 adult controls matched for age and gender. A comprehensive clinical and biochemical panel and coronary artery calcium scores were evaluated by multi-detector tomography. Height, weight, IGF1, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, creatinine and creatininekinase were lower in the IGHD group. Median and interquartile range of calcium scores distribution was similar in the two groups: IGHD 0(0) and control 0(4.9). The vast majority of the calcium scores (20 of 25 IGHD (80%) and 18 of 27 controls (66.6%)) were equal to zero (difference not significant). There was no difference in the calcium scores classification. None of IGHD subjects had minimal calcification, which were present in four controls. Three IGHD and four controls had mild calcification. There were two IGHD individuals with moderate calcification and one control with severe calcification. Our study provides evidence that subjects with congenital isolated lifetime and untreated severe IGHD do not have accelerated subclinical coronary atherosclerosis.
Desempeño de las doulas en la atención de la mujer y su familia durante el periodo gestacional, parto y post parto en Costa Rica
Authors: Rodríguez Fernández Beatriz , Durán Castillo Katherine 
Published: January 2016

Introducción: La presente investigación representa un acercamiento al desempeño en la atención que brindan las doulas a la mujer embarazada y sus familias en Costa Rica en la cual se evidencia sus conocimientos respecto de sus intervenciones con las mujeres embarazadas y las familias.Métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa, con un enfoque en el modelo planteado por Maxwell, cuyos objetivos fueron concretados con el método etnográfico. Para recolectar la información, se aplicó entrevistas a profundidad y observaciones, entre otros, a un grupo de siete doulas que laboran en Costa Rica de forma independiente.Resultado principal: todas las doulas en nuestro país se capacitan en prácticas alternativas para complementar su labor, así como prácticas e intervenciones que no forman parte del perfil “internacional”, ya que en Costa Rica no existe una entidad que regule dicha labor.Conclusión: el apoyo continuo a la mujer y su familia durante todo su embarazo, parto y postparto por una persona calificada que respete los principios éticos de su práctica, permite mejorar la experiencia del parto, motivo por el que se debe sensibilizar a la población de enfermeros obstetras en cuanto a mejorar la calidad en la atención que se brinda a las mujeres embarazadas de modo que promueva el acompañamiento continuo.
O CORPO COMO RESPOSTA À INVOCAÇÃO DA MÃE
Authors: Catão Inês 
Published: January 2016

Afirmar a diferença entre corpo e organismo continua sendo mais que nunca necessário. Para a psicanálise, a passagem de organismo a corpo resulta do enlaçamento do registro simbólico com o registro real. Se considerarmos a transgeracionalidade do significante, seremos obrigados a considerar que o bebê sofre a influência do campo da linguagem desde antes do seu nascimento. Este fato não é sem consequências para sua vida, ao contrário, nem para a fisiologia de seu corpo e seus modos de adoecimento. Eis porque estes últimos devem ser considerados também em sua dimensão simbólica. A constituição do corpo depende do laço com o Outro. O nascimento do ser humano não começa nem termina com o seu nascimento biológico. Ele é o resultado das marcas deixadas pela linguagem do Outro sobre o organismo. É a razão pela qual, em psicanálise, dizemos corpolinguagem, em uma só palavra, em lugar de dizer corpo ou organismo. No presente artigo retomamos as operações de incorporação do significante pelo viés do objeto voz. Propomos que apenas o manejo clínico da pulsão e de seus circuitos possibilita uma mudança durável na condição psicopatológica, incluindo o autismo.
Sociedad, reforma y propiedad: el liberalismo de Manuel Abad y Queipo, fines del siglo XVIIIícomienzos del siglo XIX
Authors: Luna Pablo F. 
Published: January 2016

<p>Elaboradas durante la última fase del domi­nio colonial español, las propuestas del obis­po electo de Michoacán, relativas a la conser­vación y reforma de la propiedad en Nueva España, representan un conjunto coherente y rico en donde se pueden examinar tanto el surgirnienro del liberalismo como las relacio­nes entre la Iglesia y el poder civil. Dichas proposiciones reflejan también las dificulta­des y la especificidad de la lenta transición hispanoamericana desde el Antiguo Régimen.</p>
Walter Benjamín y las lecciones de una historia vista a ‘contrapelo’
Authors: Aguirre Rojas Carlos Antonio 
Published: January 2016

<div id="titleAndAbstract"><table class="data" width="100%"><tbody><tr valign="top"><td class="value"><p>Este artículo es un comentario al importante ensayo de Walter Benjamin popularrnente conocido como " Tesis sabre la filosofía de la historia" . Dicho comentario incenta hacer explícitas las principales lecciones generales que , para la historiografía más actual, se derivan de este brillante ensayo metodológico, y en particular aquellas que se vinculan a la idea de concebir a la historia " a contrapelo " ,</p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div id="indexing"><h4> </h4></div>
El viaje de exploración de John Ross Browne a Baja California en 1867
Authors: Hansen Lawrence Douglas Taylor 
Published: January 2016

<p>Se analiza el viaje de exploración que John Ross Browne, agente de la Lower California Company de Nueva York, realizó en Baja Ca­lifornia durante los primeros meses de 1867. En particular, se examina la cuestión del im­pacto de las observaciones de Browne, así como de la influencia del informe en que presenta<br />las resultados de su viaje, sabre el desarrollo posterior de la política estadunidense con res­pecto a la región.</p>
Por el camino de la Historia Política: hacia una Historia Política configuracional
Authors: Barriera Darío G. 
Published: January 2016

<p>El artículo propone un recorrido por la histo­ria política, desde una perspectiva antige­nealógica, donde los desarrollos aparecen vin­culados a distintos centros, emergentes desde los años setenta. Como horizonte, apunta a otorgar centralidad a las preocupaciones en torno al estudio de los vínculos móviles, la ne­gociación social y a una sensibilización del his­toriador hacia las constelaciones siempre cam­biantes del poder, desde una perspectiva constructivista y configuracional.</p>
La fiesta de la luz en la ciudad de México. El alumbrado eléctrico en el Centenario
Authors: Briseño Senosiain Lillian 
Published: January 2016

<p>Las fiestas del Centenario de la Independencia se significaron por dar al presidente Porfirio Díaz el pretexto ideal para mostrar al mundo todos los avances que México había alcanzado bajo su mandato. Algunos de los más importantes fueron los que lograron la modernización del país en el plano tecnológico y científico: la extensión de los sistemas de comunicación y transporte, seguidos de la introducción de la electricidad, serían sin duda algunos de los más relevantes. Por lo que respecta al alumbrado público eléctrico, las conmemoraciones septembrinas en la capital permiten ver la evolución que siguió el proceso de iluminación artificial, como una muestra de los progresos que iba alcanzando el país en este sector año con año, a tal grado, que para 1910 la ciudad de México resplandecería como nunca, impresionando con su luz a propios y extraños y logrando que esta urbe fuera, en el decir de muchos, la mejor iluminada del mundo.</p><p> </p>
La escuela nacional elemental en la ciudad de México como lugar, 1896-1910
Authors: Chaoul Pereyra Ma. Eugenia 
Published: January 2016

<p>Este artículo busca comprender la escuela elemental porfiriana en la ciudad de México como un complejo espacio de actuación social. A través de un análisis que integra la variable espacial ofrece un planteamiento diferente a los estudios curriculares y políticos realizados hasta ahora. La reconstrucción de la forma que adquirió la escuela como lugar permite al lector “mirar”el movimiento cotidiano de la vida escolar y, de esa manera, buscar una explicación a los problemas tales como la integración social hacia el sistema educativo en la ciudad, la inasistencia escolar, el control disciplinario y la deserción a principios del siglo XX.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
El batallón invisible : territorio mexicano imaginario : análisis de la película Een Telegrame Uit Mexico (1914)
Authors: Fernández Escareño Itzia 
Published: January 2016

<p>En el proceso de apertura histórica de los archivos fílmicos destacan las prácticas del Filmmuseum en Amsterdam. En la pluralidad de sus colecciones, es posible interpretar representaciones de lo ‘mexicano’ en el imaginario cinematográfico durante el periodo mudo. Como muestra, se trata la historia de <em>Een Telegrame Uit Mexico</em> (de Louis H. Chrispijn, Países Bajos, 1914), una huella de lo ‘mexicano’ ficcionalizado en paralelo al momento histórico de la revolución mexicana, bajo influencia hollywoodense. Aquí se describe y analiza dicho título y se aplican tres categorías implícitas a la historia del cine: género, periodo y cine nacional. El cine se interpreta como la ‘máquina del tiempo’ que permite al espectador de hoy ‘viajar’ a través de la mirada exotizante europea y ver cómo se representa lo ‘mexicano’ de la época.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
El proyecto para la colonización de la región de Colnett, Baja California, con inmigrantes extranjeros durante el porfiriato
Authors: Hansen Lawrence Douglas Taylor 
Published: January 2016

<p>Se analizan las actividades de la Compañía para la Colonización de Colnett, empresa dependiente de la International Company of Mexico (Compañía Internacional de México) que fue establecida con el propósito específico de colonizar el área del cabo Colnett en Baja California. Se examinan, en particular, los resultados de sus esfuerzos así como las razones por el fracaso del proyecto. También se analiza el caso de un grupo particular de estos colonos que tuvieron más suerte que la mayoría --Harry Johnson, de origen noruego, y su familia--, así como sus contribuciones al desarrollo de la región.</p>