bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complex Horizontal Cleavage Tear Repair of the Lateral Meniscus With Fibrin Clot Augmentation
Authors: Tollefson Luke V. , Slette Erik L. , LaPrade Robert F. 
Published: September 2024

Background: The menisci are critical for knee stability and cushioning and tears of the menisci have been linked to the acceleration of osteoarthritis. Horizontal cleavage tears split the meniscus into a top and bottom portion and are notoriously difficult to repair due to their localization in the avascular zone of the meniscus. Repair augmentation techniques, including fibrin clot and bone marrow venting, have been reported to increase meniscus healing. Indications: The use of a fibrin clot is indicated when there is a complex horizontal cleavage tear of the meniscus. There must be a clear separation of the top and bottom leaflets that can hold the fibrin clot inside. Technique Description: The horizontal cleavage tear is first identified, and a shaver with the suction left off is used to roughen between the upper and lower leaflets of the meniscus tear. A rasp is used inside the horizontal tear to roughen up the edges and expose the entire tear. Inside-out sutures are used in a hay bale technique to surround the tear. Thirty milliliters of blood are stirred until a fibrin clot is formed. This clot is stabilized with a circumferential Vicryl stitch and shuttled in between the leaflets of horizontal tear using a suture tied around the fibrin clot. The previously placed hay bale sutures are loosened to allow for placement of the fibrin clot. All sutures are tied at the end of the procedure. Results: A study by Nakayama et al reported a clinical success rate of 18 of 24 patients undergoing medial meniscus horizontal cleavage tear repair with fibrin clot augmentation. All patients with failures were in significant varus alignment. Another study by Kamimura et al with 10 patients reported increases in postoperative patient reported outcomes and a healing rate of 70% on second-look arthroscopy. Discussion: This fibrin clot interposition technique augments the repair of a horizontal cleavage tears. Due to horizontal cleavage tears being localized in the white-white avascular zone, augmentation including using a fibrin clot can help induce healing. This repair can help restore the stability and cushioning of the meniscus to slow the progression of osteoarthritis.
Capsaicin mitigates ventilator-induced lung injury by suppressing ferroptosis and maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis through SIRT3-dependent mechanisms
Authors: Lin Jinyuan , Ou Huajin , Luo Bijun , Ling Maoyao , Lin Fei , Cen Liming , Hu Zhaokun , Ye Liu , Pan Linghui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) is one of the severe complications in the clinic concerning mechanical ventilation (MV). Capsaicin (CAP) has anti-inflammatory and inhibitory effects on oxidative stress, which is a significant element causing cellular ferroptosis. Nevertheless, the specific role and potential mechanistic pathways through which CAP modulates ferroptosis in VILI remain elusive.

Methods
VILI was established in vivo, and the pulmonary epithelial cell injury model induced by circulation stretching (CS) was established in vitro. Both mice and cells were pretreated with CAP. Transmission electron microscopy, ELISA, Western blot, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR, fluorescent probes, and other experimental methods were used to clarify the relationship between iron death and VILI in alveolar epithelial cells, and whether capsaicin alleviates VILI by inhibiting iron death and its specific mechanism.

Results
Ferroptosis was involved in VILI by utilizing in vivo models. CAP inhibited ferroptosis and alleviated VILI's lung damage and inflammation, and this protective effect of CAP was dependent on maintaining mitochondrial redox system through SITR3 signaling. In the CS-caused lung epithelial cell injury models, CAP reduced pathological CS-caused ferroptosis and cell injury. Knockdown SIRT3 reversed the role of CAP on the maintaining mitochondria dysfunction under pathological CS and eliminated its subsequent advantageous impacts for ferroptosis against overstretching cells.

Conclusion
The outcomes showed that CAP alleviated ferroptosis in VILI via improving the activity of SITR3 to suppressing mitochondrial oxidative damage and maintaining mitochondrial redox homeostasis, illustrating its possibility as a novel therapeutic goal for VILI.

Graphical Abstract
Commonly used genomic arrays may lose information due to imperfect coverage of discovered variants for autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Yao Michael , Daniels Jason , Grosvenor Luke , Morrill Valerie , Feinberg Jason I. , Bakulski Kelly M. , Piven Joseph , Hazlett Heather C. , Shen Mark D. , Newschaffer Craig , Lyall Kristen , Schmidt Rebecca J. , Hertz-Picciotto Irva , Croen Lisa A. , Fallin M. Daniele , Ladd-Acosta Christine , Volk Heather , Benke Kelly 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Common genetic variation has been shown to account for a large proportion of ASD heritability. Polygenic scores generated for autism spectrum disorder (ASD-PGS) using the most recent discovery data, however, explain less variance than expected, despite reporting significant associations with ASD and other ASD-related traits. Here, we investigate the extent to which information loss on the target study genome-wide microarray weakens the predictive power of the ASD-PGS.

Methods
We studied genotype data from three cohorts of individuals with high familial liability for ASD: The Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI), Markers of Autism Risk in Babies-Learning Early Signs (MARBLES), and the Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS), and one population-based sample, Study to Explore Early Development Phase I (SEED I). Individuals were genotyped on different microarrays ranging from 1 to 5 million sites. Coverage of the top 88 genome-wide suggestive variants implicated in the discovery was evaluated in all four studies before quality control (QC), after QC, and after imputation. We then created a novel method to assess coverage on the resulting ASD-PGS by correlating a PGS informed by a comprehensive list of variants to a PGS informed with only the available variants.

Results
Prior to imputations, None of the four cohorts directly or indirectly covered all 88 variants among the measured genotype data. After imputation, the two cohorts genotyped on 5-million arrays reached full coverage. Analysis of our novel metric showed generally high genome-wide coverage across all four studies, but a greater number of SNPs informing the ASD-PGS did not result in improved coverage according to our metric.
Limitations.
The studies we analyzed contained modest sample sizes. Our analyses included microarrays with more than 1-million sites, so smaller arrays such as Global Diversity and the PsychArray were not included. Our PGS metric for ASD is only generalizable to samples of European ancestries, though the coverage metric can be computed for traits that have sufficiently large-sized discovery findings in other ancestries.

Conclusions
We show that commonly used genotyping microarrays have incomplete coverage for common ASD variants, and imputation cannot always recover lost information. Our novel metric provides an intuitive approach to reporting information loss in PGS and an alternative to reporting the total number of SNPs included in the PGS. While applied only to ASD here, this metric can easily be used with other traits.
Genetic parameters and genotype-by-environment interaction estimates for growth and feed efficiency related traits in Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, reared under low and moderate flow regimes
Authors: Prescott Leteisha A. , Scholtens Megan R. , Walker Seumas P. , Clarke Shannon M. , Dodds Ken G. , Miller Matthew R. , Semmens Jayson M. , Carter Chris G. , Symonds Jane E. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
A genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction is defined as genotypes responding differently to different environments. In salmonids, G × E interactions can occur in different rearing conditions, including changes in salinity or temperature. However, water flow, an important variable that can influence metabolism, has yet to be considered for potential G × E interactions, although water flows differ across production stages. The salmonid industry is now manipulating flow in tanks to improve welfare and production performance, and expanding sea pen farming offshore, where flow dynamics are substantially greater. Therefore, there is a need to test whether G × E interactions occur under low and higher flow regimes to determine if industry should consider modifying their performance evaluation and selection criteria to account for different flow environments. Here, we used genotype-by-sequencing to create a genomic-relationship matrix of 37 Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, families to assess possible G × E interactions for production performance under two flow environments: a low flow regime (0.3 body lengths per second; bl s−1) and a moderate flow regime (0.8 bl s−1).

Results
Genetic correlations for the same production performance trait between flow regimes suggest there is minimal evidence of a G × E interaction between the low and moderate flow regimes tested in this study, for Chinook salmon reared from 82.9 ± 16.8 g ($${\overline{\text{x}}}$$

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± s.d.) to 583.2 ± 117.1 g ($${\overline{\text{x}}}$$

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¯

± s.d.). Estimates of genetic and phenotypic correlations between traits did not reveal any unfavorable trait correlations for size- (weight and condition factor) and growth-related traits, regardless of the flow regime, but did suggest measuring feed intake would be the preferred approach to improve feed efficiency because of the strong correlations between feed intake and feed efficiency, consistent with previous studies.

Conclusion
This new information suggests that Chinook salmon families do not need to be selected separately for performance across different flow regimes. However, further studies are needed to confirm this across a wider range of fish sizes and flows. This information is key for breeding programs to determine if separate evaluation groups are required for different flow regimes that are used for production (e.g., hatchery, post smolt recirculating aquaculture system, or offshore).
Mild cognitive impairment prediction based on multi-stream convolutional neural networks
Authors: Lee Chien-Cheng , Chau Hong-Han , Wang Hsiao-Lun , Chuang Yi-Fang , Chau Yawgeng 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundMild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the transition stage between the cognitive decline expected in normal aging and more severe cognitive decline such as dementia. The early diagnosis of MCI plays an important role in human healthcare. Current methods of MCI detection include cognitive tests to screen for executive function impairments, possibly followed by neuroimaging tests. However, these methods are expensive and time-consuming. Several studies have demonstrated that MCI and dementia can be detected by machine learning technologies from different modality data. This study proposes a multi-stream convolutional neural network (MCNN) model to predict MCI from face videos.ResultsThe total effective data are 48 facial videos from 45 participants, including 35 videos from normal cognitive participants and 13 videos from MCI participants. The videos are divided into several segments. Then, the MCNN captures the latent facial spatial features and facial dynamic features of each segment and classifies the segment as MCI or normal. Finally, the aggregation stage produces the final detection results of the input video. We evaluate 27 MCNN model combinations including three ResNet architectures, three optimizers, and three activation functions. The experimental results showed that the ResNet-50 backbone with Swish activation function and Ranger optimizer produces the best results with an F1-score of 89% at the segment level. However, the ResNet-18 backbone with Swish and Ranger achieves the F1-score of 100% at the participant level.ConclusionsThis study presents an efficient new method for predicting MCI from facial videos. Studies have shown that MCI can be detected from facial videos, and facial data can be used as a biomarker for MCI. This approach is very promising for developing accurate models for screening MCI through facial data. It demonstrates that automated, non-invasive, and inexpensive MCI screening methods are feasible and do not require highly subjective paper-and-pencil questionnaires. Evaluation of 27 model combinations also found that ResNet-50 with Swish is more stable for different optimizers. Such results provide directions for hyperparameter tuning to further improve MCI predictions.
β-glucans, SAM, and GSH fluctuations in barley anther tissue culture conditions affect regenerants’ DNA methylation and GPRE
Authors: Orłowska Renata , Dynkowska Wioletta Monika , Niedziela Agnieszka , Zebrowski Jacek , Zimny Janusz , Androsiuk Piotr , Bednarek Piotr Tomasz 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Microspore embryogenesis is a process that produces doubled haploids in tissue culture environments and is widely used in cereal plants. The efficient production of green regenerants requires stresses that could be sensed at the level of glycolysis, followed by the Krebs cycle and electron transfer chain. The latter can be affected by Cu(II) ion concentration in the induction media acting as cofactors of biochemical reactions, indirectly influencing the production of glutathione (GSH) and S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) and thereby affecting epigenetic mechanisms involving DNA methylation (demethylation—DM, de novo methylation—DNM). The conclusions mentioned were acquired from research on triticale regenerants, but there is no similar research on barley. In this way, the study looks at how DNM, DM, Cu(II), SAM, GSH, and β-glucan affect the ability of green plant regeneration efficiency (GPRE).

Results
The experiment involved spring barley regenerants obtained through anther culture. Nine variants (trials) of induction media were created by adding copper (CuSO4: 0.1; 5; 10 µM) and silver salts (AgNO3: 0; 10; 60 µM), with varying incubation times for the anthers (21, 28, and 35 days). Changes in DNA methylation were estimated using the DArTseqMet molecular marker method, which also detects cytosine methylation.
Phenotype variability in β-glucans, SAM and GSH induced by the nutrient treatments was assessed using tentative assignments based on the Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy. The effectiveness of green plant regeneration ranged from 0.1 to 2.91 plants per 100 plated anthers. The level of demethylation ranged from 7.61 to 32.29, while de novo methylation reached values ranging from 6.83 to 32.27. The paper demonstrates that the samples from specific in vitro conditions (trials) formed tight groups linked to the factors contributing to the two main components responsible for 55.05% of the variance (to the first component DNM, DM, to the second component GSH, β-glucans, Cu(II), GPRE).

Conclusions
We can conclude that in vitro tissue culture conditions affect biochemical levels, DNA methylation changes, and GPRE. Increasing Cu(II) concentration in the IM impacts the metabolism and DNA methylation, elevating GPRE. Thus, changing Cu(II) concentration in the IM is fair to expect to boost GPRE.
Effect of defocus incorporated multiple segments (DIMS) spectacle lenses on myopia progression in children: a retrospective analysis in a German real-life clinical setting
Authors: Neller Birte , Neller Kai , Schwahn Hartmut , Mattern Ann-Isabel , Devenijn Machteld , Langenbucher Achim , Seitz Berthold , Kaymak Hakan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Objectives
This retrospective analysis evaluates the treatment success of “Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments” (DIMS) spectacle lenses in a real-life clinical setting in Germany.

Materials and methods
Axial length (AL) and objective refraction of 166 eyes treated with DIMS at baseline and 12-month follow-up were analyzed. Annual AL growth rate within the range of physiological growth rate was considered a successful treatment. Myopia progression of ≥ -0.5 D/yr accounted as treatment success. Differences in percentages of treatment success of subgroups depending on baseline AL and age against treatment success of the total population were investigated.

Results
Considering all eyes, treatment success regarding AL growth and myopia progression was achieved in 46% and 65%, respectively. Male eyes with moderate AL showed treatment success in a higher proportion (73%, p < 0.01; 89%, p < 0.01); eyes with high AL showed treatment success in a lower proportion (25%, p < 0.01; 51%, n.s.). Female eyes showed the same trend but without statistical significance (moderate AL: 49%; 68%; high AL: 40%; 62%). Younger children showed treatment success in a lower proportion (male: 11%, p < 0.01; 38%, p < 0.05; female: 25%, p < 0.01; 42%, p < 0.01). Older children showed treatment success in a higher proportion (male: 60%, p < 0.05; 78% p < 0.05; female: 53%, n.s.; 77% p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Eyes with moderate baseline AL and of older children showed treatment success after 12 months of DIMS treatment. Eyes with a high baseline AL and of younger children showed treatment success in a smaller proportion, therefore combination treatment should be considered. In future studies, males and females should be assessed separately.
Health assessments of refugee minors arriving in Norway – a modified Delphi study among health professionals in primary care settings
Authors: Dangmann Cecilie , Kleppang Annette Løvheim , Leonhardt Marja 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Refugee minors are considered particularly vulnerable to negative health consequences from war, flight and resettlement. Offering health assessments after arrival in a host country could uncover unmet health needs and provide access to treatment. In Norway, a national guide describes these assessments, but little is known about its implementation especially for refugee minors. Thus, the aim of this study was first to explore how health assessments of refugee minors are carried out, second how health professionals perceive the needs of refugee minors and third, the competencies they perceive as necessary to meet the needs of refugee minors.

Method
A modified Delphi study in three rounds was conducted using online surveys and one focus group to collect data on the needs and resources of refugee minors, essential factors for a good and health assessment practice. Participants were 54 health professionals responsible for early health assessments of refugee minors, throughout the Norwegian municipalities, working in primary care settings. Quantitative data was analysed descriptively, and qualitative data with content analysis.

Results
Health assessments of refugee minors were predominantly conducted by public health nurses, but the organisational structures surrounding assessments varied greatly according to the size of the municipalities and to how much resources were allocated. The feeling of safety was found to be paramount to ensure a good start in a new country for refugee minors. The top four competences professionals should have, were ‘general communication skills’, a ‘health professional background’, ‘expertise in children’s health’ and ‘knowledge about the national guide’. To ensure good health services for refugee minors, improved, more comprehensive, and mandatory directives for children and young individuals was highlighted.

Conclusion
Although most refugee minors were invited and attend health assessments, one third of participating municipalities did not offer health assessments to all newcomers and the organisation and content of the assessments were diverse. Several topics, especially mental health, were postponed or not routinely addressed, contrasting with current knowledge of unmet health needs for this group. Missing documentation, practical barriers and providing general health information took time away from doing the actual assessments. The perceived needs of refugee minors were safety and stability, combined with meaningful activities, thus a coordinated effort from several services is necessary. Suggestions for improvements were more time given to assessments, better organisation and co-operation, improved competence and guidelines adjusted for age.
Internal fit and marginal adaptation of all-ceramic implant-supported hybrid abutment crowns with custom-milled screw-channels on Titanium-base: in-vitro study
Authors: Fakhr Marwa Wagih Zaky Fouad , Alansary Hesham , Hassanien Eman Ezzat Youssef 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Advancements in digital dentistry helped in custom-milling screw-channels in implant-supported restorations; however, the fit of these restorations is still unclear especially for contemporary computer aided designing/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials. This study aimed to compare the internal and marginal fit of Ultra translucent multilayered zirconia versus lithium disilicate implant-supported hybrid abutment crowns (HACs) constructed with custom-milled screw-channels on Titanium-base.

Materials and methods
A total of 24 HACs with custom-milled screw-channels were constructed from lithium disilicate (Group LDS) and Ultra translucent multilayered zirconia (Group UT) using digital workflow (n = 12). The internal and marginal gaps of HACs on their corresponding Titanium-bases were assessed using replica technique and stereomicroscope, respectively. After testing for normality, quantitative data were expressed as mean and standard deviation and compared using independent t-test at a level of significance (P ≤ 0.05).

Results
There was no statistically significant difference between Group LDS and Group UT in terms of marginal and internal fit. The internal and marginal gaps in both groups were within the accepted values reported in literature.

Conclusions
UT and LDS HACs with custom-milled screw-channels demonstrated comparable and acceptable internal fit and marginal adaptations to Ti-base, which lied within the range reported in literature.