bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP)+ cells in the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus: relationship with binge-type eating in male and female mice
Authors: Curtis Genevieve R. , Carpenter Brody A. , Pirino Breanne E. , Hawks Annie , Li George , Barson Jessica R. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Rationale
Both the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) and the neuropeptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), are thought to be involved in food intake. Importantly, PACAP is expressed in cells of the PVT.

Objectives
To determine if PACAP in cells of the PVT might mediate some of the involvement of the PVT with palatable food intake.

Methods
In male and female C57BL/6 J mice and PACAP-Cre transgenic mice on a C57BL/6 J background, limited access to Milk Chocolate Ensure Plus® was used to establish a model of binge-type eating. Next, using quantitative real-time PCR, gene expression of PACAP in the PVT was measured in relation to this binge-type eating. Finally, using chemogenetics in PACAP-Cre transgenic mice, the effect of activation of PVT PACAP+ cells on binge-type eating was determined.

Results
Males and females both engaged in binge-type eating with Ensure, although females engaged in this behavior to a greater degree than males. While females also had a higher baseline level of PVT PACAP mRNA than males, only males showed an increase in levels of PACAP after a history of exposure to Ensure, and only males showed a reduction in levels of PACAP immediately prior to a binge session. Conversely, activation of PACAP+ cells in the PVT reduced binge-type eating of Ensure, specifically in male mice.

Conclusions
The present findings indicate that PVT PACAP+ cells influence and are influenced by binge-type eating. Thus, PACAP in the PVT might mediate some of the known involvement of the PVT with palatable food intake.
Rehabilitative Kurzzeitpflege – Optimierung der poststationären Versorgung von geriatrischen Patienten mit Rehabilitationsbedarf: Ergebnisse der REKUP-Studie
Authors: Keilhauer Anne , Werner Christian , Diekmann Sandra , zur Nieden Pauline , Pahmeier Kathrin , Neumann Anja , Walendzik Anke , Hüer Theresa , Raszke Pascal , Wasem Jürgen , Frankenhauser-Mannuß Julia , Specht-Leible Norbert , Bauer Jürgen M. 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Geriatrische Patient*innen in Kurzzeitpflege (KZP) mit Rehabilitationsbedarf nach einem Krankenhausaufenthalt (KA) nehmen selten stationäre Rehabilitation (SR) in Anspruch und werden häufig in die Dauerpflege (DP) übergeleitet. Dies weist auf Optimierungsmöglichkeiten in der KZP hin.

Ziel der Arbeit
Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit der Rehabilitativen Kurzzeitpflege (REKUP) zur Verbesserung der Versorgung geriatrischer Patient*innen in KZP mit Rehabilitationsbedarf nach KA.

Methoden
Die Studie wurde als nichtrandomisierte Interventionsstudie mit historischer Kontrollgruppe (KG) durchgeführt. Die Interventionsgruppe (IG: n = 49) erhielt REKUP (aktivierend-therapeutische Pflege, funktionell-rehabilitative Therapien, psychosoziale Angebote, medizinische Betreuung), die KG (n = 57) die Regelversorgung während des KZP-Aufenthalts. Primäre Zielkriterien waren: Überleitung in die SR, Häuslichkeit und DP, negativ verändertes Versorgungsetting, Pflegegrad und Mortalität bis 3 Monate nach der KZP. Sekundäre Zielkriterien waren funktionelle, motorische und psychische Variablen.

Ergebnisse
Die Überleitungsrate in SR (82 % vs. 37 %) und Häuslichkeit (86 % vs. 65 %) war in der IG höher (p < 0,05) als in der KG. Der Personenanteil mit Inanspruchnahme von DP (12 % vs. 35 %) und negativ verändertem Versorgungssetting (35 % vs. 60 %) war in der IG geringer (p < 0,01) als in der KG. Barthel-Index, visuelle Analogskala der EQ-5D und Schmerzskala verbesserten sich (p < 0,05) in der IG, nicht jedoch in der KG.

Diskussion
Als neues Versorgungskonzept der KZP fördert REKUP die Überleitung in die SR, reduziert die Inanspruchnahme von DP und verbessert die Chancen auf Rückkehr in die Häuslichkeit sowie auf höhere Selbstständigkeit bei geriatrischen Patient*innen mit Rehabilitationsbedarf nach einem KA.
Predictors of symptom improvement in patients with chronic coronary syndrome after percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Wester Michael , Koll Franziska , Luedde Mark , Langer Christoph , Resch Markus , Luchner Andreas , Müller Karolina , Zeman Florian , Koller Michael , Maier Lars S. , Sossalla Samuel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Decreases in symptom load and improvements in quality of life are important goals in the invasive treatment of symptomatic chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). To date, it is not known which patients profit most from the invasive treatment.

Methods
This sub-analysis of the prospective, multi-centre PLA-pCi-EBO trial includes 145 patients with symptomatic CCS and successful PCI. The prespecified endpoints angina pectoris and quality of life (Seattle Angina Questionnaire–SAQ) were assessed 1 and 6 months after PCI. Predictors of symptom improvement were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.

Results
Quality of life, physical limitation, and angina frequency markedly improved 6 months after PCI. Worse baseline health status (i.e., low SAQ subscales) was the best predictor of highly clinically relevant improvements (≥ 20 points in SAQ subscales) in symptom load and quality of life. Demographic factors (age, sex, body-mass index) and cardiovascular disease severity (number of involved vessels, ejection fraction) did not predict relevant improvements after PCI. The influence of psychologic traits has not previously been assessed. We found that neither optimism nor pessimism had a relevant effect on symptomatic outcome. However, patients who exercised more after PCI had a much larger improvement in quality of life despite no differences in physical limitation or angina frequency.

Conclusion
PCI effectively reduces symptom load and improves quality of life in patients with symptomatic CCS. Reduced baseline health status (symptom load, quality of life) are the only relevant predictors for improvements after PCI. Physical activity after PCI is associated with greater benefits for quality of life.

Trial registry
The German Clinical Trials Register registration number is DRKS0001752.
The effects of exercise, heat-induced hypo-hydration and rehydration on blood–brain-barrier permeability, corticospinal and peripheral excitability
Authors: Uddin Nasir , Scott Jamie , Nixon Jonathan , Patterson Stephen D. , Kidgell Dawson , Pearce Alan J. , Waldron Mark , Tallent Jamie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
The effects of low-intensity exercise, heat-induced hypo-hydration and rehydration on maximal strength and the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are not well understood.

Methods
To assess this, 12 participants took part in a randomised crossover study, in a prolonged (3 h) submaximal (60 W) cycling protocol under 3 conditions: (i) in 45 °C (achieving ~ 5% body mass reduction), with post-exercise rehydration in 2 h (RHY2), (ii) with rehydration across 24 h (RHY24), and (iii) a euhydrated trial in 25 °C (CON). Dependent variables included maximal voluntary contractions (MVC), maximum motor unit potential (MMAX), motor evoked potential (MEPRAW) amplitude and cortical silent period (cSP) duration. Blood–brain-barrier integrity was also assessed by serum Ubiquitin Carboxyl-terminal Hydrolase (UCH-L1) concentrations. All measures were obtained immediately pre, post, post 2 h and 24 h.

Results
During both dehydration trials, MVC (RHY2: p < 0.001, RHY24: p = 0.001) and MEPRAW (RHY2: p = 0.025, RHY24: p = 0.045) decreased from pre- to post-exercise. MEPRAW returned to baseline during RHY2 and CON, but not RHY24 (p = 0.020). MEP/MMAX ratio decreased across time for all trials (p = 0.009) and returned to baseline, except RHY24 (p < 0.026). Increased cSP (p = 0.011) was observed during CON post-exercise, but not during RHY2 and RHY24. Serum UCH-L1 increased across time for all conditions (p < 0.001) but was not significantly different between conditions.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate an increase in corticospinal inhibition after exercise with fluid ingestion, but a decrease in corticospinal excitability after heat-induced hypo-hydration. In addition, low-intensity exercise increases peripheral markers of blood–brain-barrier permeability.

Graphical abstract
Neonatal and early infancy antibiotic exposure is associated with childhood atopic dermatitis, wheeze and asthma
Authors: Räty Santeri , Ollila Helena , Turta Olli , Pärtty Anna , Peltola Ville , Lagström Hanna , Lempainen Johanna , Rautava Samuli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAntibiotics are frequently administered in the neonatal period and early infancy. Little is known about the long-term health consequences of early life antibiotic exposure. The objective is to investigate the association between neonatal and early life (0–6 months) antibiotic treatment and the development of atopic dermatitis, asthma and the use of inhaled corticosteroid medication later in childhood. We analyzed data obtained from hospital records and national registers in a cohort of 11,255 children. The association between early antibiotic exposure and the outcomes were analyzed using logistic regression. Confounding factors were included in the model. Neonatal antibiotic therapy for confirmed infection was associated with childhood atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratio 1.49; 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.94). Antibiotic therapy by six months of age was more common in children developing atopic dermatitis (adjusted odds ratio 1.38; 95% confidence interval 1.15–1.64), asthma (adjusted odds ratio 1.56; 95% confidence interval 1.32- 1.85) and inhaled corticosteroid medication use (adjusted odds ratio 1.88; 95% confidence interval 1.66–2.13). Conclusions: Neonatal antibiotic therapy for confirmed or clinically diagnosed infection is associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis later in childhood. Antibiotic treatment before six months of age is associated with atopic dermatitis, asthma and inhaled corticosteroid use.

What is known:• The use of antibiotics early in life has been associated with an increased risk of developing atopic dermatitis or asthma.• Confounding by indication or reverse causation may underlie the observed associations.

What is new:• Our results demonstrate that neonatal antibiotic therapy for confirmed or clinically diagnosed infection was associated with increased risk of atopic dermatitis and antibiotic treatment before six months of age was associated with atopic dermatitis, asthma and inhaled corticosteroid use in analyses adjusted for confounding factors.
Retrospective analysis of core-needle and vacuum-assisted breast biopsies of B3 fibroepithelial lesions and correlation with results in subsequent surgical specimens
Authors: Näther Sophia , Elfgen Constanze , Rodewald Ann-Katrin , Fansa Hisham , Frauchiger-Heuer Heike , Varga Zsuzsanna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Fibroepithelial lesions (FEL) are a heterogeneous group of biphasic tumours that include fibroadenomas (FA) and the rare entity of benign phyllodes tumors (PT) as well as cases where distinction between these two entities is not possible. The histologic distinction between benign PT and cellular FA is still a diagnostic challenge, especially in core-needle biopsy (CNB) or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). Guidelines are not clearly established regarding the management of FEL in CNB or VAB. In this study, we addressed the frequency of B3 FEL diagnosed in CNB or VAB and compared the final histopathological findings in the excision specimens to evaluate up- or downgrading.

Methods
We identified 117 female patients with the preoperative diagnosis of FEL (B3), PT, or FEL in combination of pure epithelial B3 lesions in CNB or VAB. Clinico-pathological information as well as data on subsequent surgical excision were available for all patients.

Results
PT was diagnosed in 9 (14.8%) and FEL (B3) in 52 (85.2%) cases. Additionally, 56 patients with FA in combination with an additional B3 lesion were identified. Most FEL (B3)/PT initial diagnoses were made in CNB (55.6% of PT; 84.6% of FEL). After the initial biopsy, 7 of 9 (77.8%) patients with initial diagnosis of benign or borderline PT in CNB/VAB and 40 of 52 (77.0%) patients with initial diagnosis of FEL (B3) in CNB/VAB underwent open excision (OE). 4 of 9 cases (44.4%) initially diagnosed as PT were verified, whereas 2 of 9 (22.2%) were downgraded to FA. 20 of 52 cases (38.5%) initially diagnosed as FEL (B3) were downgraded to FA, whereas 11 of 52 cases (21.2%) were diagnosed as benign or borderline PT. One FEL (B3) case was upgraded to malignant PT.

Conclusion
Most PT and FEL (B3) diagnoses on CNB/VAB underwent surgical removal. In the final pathological findings of cases classified primarily as FEL (B3), the majority were downgraded to FA, one quarter were upgraded to PT, and a small subset remained as combined FA/PT. In clinical daily practice, we recommend individualized decision-making considering different options (clinical follow-up or removal of the lesion depending on the whole context) in a multidisciplinary preoperative conference.
Systematic development of a patient-reported ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure at the University Cancer Center Regensburg
Authors: Maurer Julia , Saibold Anna , Gerl Katharina , Koller Michael , Koelbl Oliver , Pukrop Tobias , Windschuettl Sandra , Einhell Sabine , Herrmann-Johns Anne , Raptis Georgios , Mueller Karolina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The evaluation of treatment success and progression in oncology patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is playing an increasingly important role. Meanwhile, PROs are a component of the certification requirements of the German Cancer Society for oncology centers. PROs are used to provide supportive therapy. There is currently no instrument that fully covers the requirements. At the University Hospital Regensburg (UKR), a digital ONCOlogical-ROUTinE-Screening (ONCO-ROUTES) procedure was developed in order to assess the need for supportive therapy in a standardized way and to provide patients with supportive interventions tailored to their needs.

Methods
On the basis of current requirements and guidelines, the development of ONCO-ROUTES was supported by experts in focus groups and interviews, and digitalization was carried out in connection with the IT infrastructure.

Results
A Needs-based, Quality-of-life (QoL) and Symptoms Screening (NQS2) tool already established in the routine at the UKR was further developed into ONCO-ROUTES, which is made up of the domains therapy phase, nutrition, tobacco use, alcohol use, quality of life, general condition/functional status, physical activity, psychooncology, social services, and further support needs. By linking the digitized questionnaire to the hospital information system, the results are available for immediate use in routine operations and thus for the referral of patients for further supportive therapy.

Conclusion
The digital PRO application ONCO-ROUTES is designed to involve patients in monitoring additional supportive needs and thus, improves supportive interdisciplinary treatment.
Cerebellar glioblastoma in adults: a comparative single-center matched pair analysis and systematic review of the literature
Authors: Lizunou Yauhen , Potthoff Anna-Laura , Schäfer Niklas , Waha Andreas , Borger Valeri , Herrlinger Ulrich , Vatter Hartmut , Schuss Patrick , Schneider Matthias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
The rarity of cerebellar glioblastoma presents a significant challenge in clinical practice due to the lack of extensive prognostic data on long-term survival rates, rendering it an underrepresented entity compared to its supratentorial counterpart. This study aims to analyze potential differences in survival outcome between patients with cerebellar and supratentorial glioblastomas.

Methods
From 2009 to 2020, 8 patients underwent surgical treatment for cerebellar glioblastoma at the authors’ institution. These patients were individually matched with a cohort of 205 consecutive patients from our institutional database with supratentorial glioblastoma, taking into account key prognostic parameters. Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) rates were compared. Additionally, we performed a systematic literature review to compile further survival data on cerebellar glioblastoma patients.

Results
The median OS for cerebellar glioblastoma patients was 18 months (95% CI 11–25). The balanced matched-pair analysis showed no significant difference in survival when compared to patients with supratentorial glioblastoma, exhibiting a median OS of 23 months (95% CI 0–62) (p = 0.63). Respective values for PFS were 8 months (95% CI 4–12) for cerebellar and 7 months (95% CI 0–16) for supratentorial glioblastoma (p = 0.2). The systematic review revealed that median OS for cerebellar glioblastoma in current literature ranges from 7 to 21 months.

Conclusions
The present findings indicate that patients with supra- and infratentorial glioblastoma do not significantly differ in regard to survival outcome parameters. This similarity in prognosis might encourage clinicians to consider surgical interventions for both supra- and infratentorial glioblastoma in a similar manner.
Coexistence of territorial competitor ants in fragmented boreal forest landscape
Authors: Sorvari Jouni , Huhta Esa , Hakkarainen Harri 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe distribution of species in a patchy habitat may be influenced by competitive interactions. The dominant and highly competitive boreal ant species belong to the Formica rufa group. A pair of species, Formica aquilonia and Formica polyctena, require extensive territories due to their multi-nest breeding habits. The coexistence and habitat patterns of these two wood ant species in the boreal forest landscape were investigated. Forest characteristics in the vicinity of nests in forest patches were similar for both species, but they did not coexist in the same sampling plots of 0.79 ha in forest patches, indicating competitive exclusion. The sampling plots in large forest patches were more occupied by F. aquilonia, while no such association was found for F. polyctena. At a larger spatial scale (78.5 ha), we found that F. polyctena was more tolerant of smaller forest patches than F. aquilonia suggesting that these two ant species can coexist in moderately fragmented forest landscapes. However, forest habitat loss, fragmentation and climate-induced changes in forest tree structure may shift the species balance in favour of F. polyctena over F. aquilonia in the future.
Transatlantic differences in the use and outcome of minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy: an international multi-registry analysis
Authors: de Graaf Nine , Augustinus Simone , Wellner Ulrich F. , Johansen Karin , Andersson Bodil , Beane Joal D. , Björnsson Bergthor , Busch Olivier R. , Davis Catherine H. , Ghadimi Michael , Gleeson Elizabeth M. , Groot Koerkamp Bas , Hogg Melissa E. , van Santvoort Hjalmar C. , Tingstedt Bobby , Uhl Waldemar , Werner Jens , Williamsson Caroline , Zeh Herbert J. , Zureikat Amer H. , Abu Hilal Mohammad , Pitt Henry A. , Besselink Marc G. , Keck Tobias ,   for the Global Audits on Pancreatic Surgery Group (GAPASURG)
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomy (MIPD) has emerged as an alternative to open pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD). However, the extent of variation in the use and outcomes of MIPD in relation to OPD among countries is unclear as international studies using registry data are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the use, patient selection, and outcomes of MIPD and OPD in four transatlantic audits for pancreatic surgery.

Methods
A post hoc comparative analysis including consecutive patients after MIPD and OPD from four nationwide and multicenter pancreatic surgery audits from North America, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden (2014–2020). Patient factors related to MIPD were identified using multivariable logistic regression. Outcome analyses excluded the Swedish audit because < 100 MIPD were performed during the studied period.

Results
Overall, 44,076 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were included (29,107 North America, 7586 Germany, 4970 the Netherlands, and 2413 Sweden), including 3328 MIPD procedures (8%). The use of MIPD varied widely among countries (absolute largest difference [ALD] 17%, p < 0.001): 7% North America, 4% Germany, 17% the Netherlands, and 0.1% Sweden. Over time, the use of MIPD increased in North America and the Netherlands (p < 0.001), mostly driven by robotic MIPD, but not in Germany (p = 0.297). Patient factors predicting the use of MIPD included country, later year of operation, better performance status, high POPF-risk score, no vascular resection, and non-malignant indication. Conversion rates were higher in laparoscopic MIPD (range 28–45%), compared to robotic MIPD (range 9–37%). In-hospital/30-day mortality differed among North America, Germany, and the Netherlands; MIPD (2%, 7%, 4%; ALD 5%, p < 0.001) and OPD (2%, 5%, 3%; ALD 3%, p < 0.001), similar to major morbidity; MIPD (25%, 42%, 38%, ALD 17%, p < 0.001) and OPD (25%, 31%, 30%, ALD 6%, p < 0.001), respectively.

Conclusions
Considerable differences were found in the use and outcome, including conversion and mortality rates, of MIPD and OPD among four transatlantic audits for pancreatic surgery. Our findings highlight the need for international collaboration to optimize treatment standards and patient outcome.
CCS: Chancen und Risiken einer umstrittenen Technologie
Authors: Ott Holger , Kulich Jakob 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungCarbon Capture and Storage (CCS) wird zunehmend als unverzichtbare Technologie zur Erreichung unserer Klimaziele angesehen. CCS gilt aber auch als „Geoengineering“ und wirft Fragen nach der Nachhaltigkeit und den Risiken der CO2-Speicherung auf. Die Diskussionen werden häufig emotional und ohne den notwendigen technischen Hintergrund geführt. Dieser Artikel soll helfen, CCS als Technologie einzuordnen und die Diskussion um CCS auf eine sachliche Ebene zu bringen. Dazu wird auf die CCS-Technologiekette und deren technologischen Reifegrad eingegangen. Der Artikel konzentriert sich auf die geologische Speicherung, die das sicherheitskritische Element in der CCS-Kette ist, und geht der Frage nach, warum die geologische Speicherung von CO2 notwendig ist und wie sie sich von anderen Technologien zur Abscheidung und Nutzung von CO2 unterscheidet. Abschließend werden die Situation und die Optionen im Rahmen der österreichischen Carbon Management Strategie (CSM) diskutiert.
Hydroakustisches Monitoring der Fischwanderung an der unstrukturierten Blockrampe (UBR) am Wehr Brunau
Authors: Marschick Johannes , Thonhauser Stefan , Hauer Christoph , Schletterer Martin 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungZiel dieser Arbeit war die Erstellung eines Gesamtkonzepts zum Fischmonitoring an einer unstrukturierten Blockrampe, welches in weiterer Folge als Grundlage für weitere Untersuchungen an Fließgewässern dienen sollte. Die hierbei betrachtete unstrukturierte Blockrampe befindet sich an der Ötztaler Ache im Ortsgebiet von Brunau (Bezirk Imst) in Tirol. Unter Zuhilfenahme einer hydroakustischen Methode konnte klar dargelegt werden, dass das Bauwerk das longitudinale Kontinuum wiederhergestellt hat und die Fischwanderung wieder ermöglicht. Von den eingesetzten Machine-Learning-Algorithmen wurde erhofft, dass diese den Sichtungsaufwand der hydroakustischen Videos drastisch reduzieren, jedoch zeigten sich die niedrig aufgelösten hydroakustischen Daten als zu problematisch für die vorhandenen Modelle. Diese Ergebnisse wurden auch durch Elektrobefischungen untermauert. Bei diesen Befischungen wurde im Oberwasser die seltene Begleitart Äsche gefangen, welche vor dem Bau der unstrukturierten Blockrampe oberhalb der Wehranlage nicht nachgewiesen war.