bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predictive Value of PHRI for Recurrence within One Year after UC Treatment: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Zhang Kun , Xie Jianlan , Zhao Jianmin , Jia Mei 
Published: October 2024

Aims/Background Accurate prediction of recurrence after treatment is crucial for controlling the progression and improving the prognosis of active ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. Previous studies have evaluated the therapeutic response in UC patients by assessing mucosal healing, using measures such as the Paddington International Virtual ChromoendoScopy Score (PICaSSO) and the PICaSSO Histological Remission Index (PHRI). The PHRI is effective for evaluating treatment response and disease control in UC patients, but its predictive value for short-term recurrence has not been reported in the literature. Therefore, this retrospective analysis of clinical data aims to explore the predictive value of the PHRI and provide a reference for improving the prognosis of UC patients. Methods Clinical data of UC patients in clinical remission admitted to our hospital from June 2017 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected. Patients were divided into the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group, based on whether they experienced recurrence during the one-year follow-up. Clinical data, laboratory test results, and PHRI scores were collected. Variables that showed statistically significant differences between groups in univariate analysis were included in multivariate logistic regression analysis. The predictive value of PHRI was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results One hundred and two UC patients in the clinical remission stage were included in this study, and there were no cases of loss to follow-up. Among them, 36 patients (35.29%) experienced recurrence within the one-year follow-up, whereas 66 patients (64.71%) did not. Compared with the non-recurrence group, the recurrence group had a more number of cases with lesions in the left-sided colon and extensive colon, higher percentages of cases that were moderate or severe, and a significantly higher colonoscopy score (p < 0.05). Compared with the non-recurrence group, the PHRI score of the recurrence group was significantly higher (p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that that the lesion range (OR = 4.127, p = 0.005), disease severity (OR = 3.889, p = 0.019), colonoscopy score (OR = 6.128, p < 0.001), and PHRI score (OR = 5.466, p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for recurrence in UC patients. The results of ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of the PHRI score in predicting the recurrence of UC patients was 0.838 (95% CI: 0.760–0.916). When the optimal cut-off value was 1 point, the sensitivity and specificity were the highest, which were 89.58% and 65.58%, respectively, indicating that PHRI score had good predictive value. Conclusion The lesion extent, disease severity, endoscopic score, and PHRI score are associated with recurrence within one year in UC patients in the clinical remission stage, and the PHRI score has good predictive value.
Disproportionately Increasing Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Female Patients and the Elderly: An Update Analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Authors: Danpanichkul Pojsakorn , Duangsonk Kwanjit , Ho Agnes H.Y. , Laoveeravat Passisd , Vuthithammee Chawinthorn , Dejvajara Disatorn , Prasitsumrit Vitchapong , Auttapracha Thanida , Songtanin Busara , Wetwittayakhlang Panu , Lui Rashid N. , Kochhar Gursimran Singh , Ng Siew C. , Farraye Francis A. , Wijarnpreecha Karn 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
To update the global burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) using data from the Global Burden of Disease 2021.

METHODS:
Data from Global Burden of Disease 2021 were analyzed to assess the IBD burden.

RESULTS:
In 2021, there were 375,140 new cases and 3.83 million total cases of IBD. Elderly onset IBD accounted for 11% of incidences. 167 countries increased IBD incidence rate, with rates rising in female patients (APC: +0.06%) and the elderly (APC: +0.14%) but stable in male patients and the overall population.

DISCUSSION:
Although the global burden of IBD has decreased overall, it has increased in female patients and the elderly.
Four-Dimensional Impedance Manometry in Esophageal Motility Disorders
Authors: Goudie Eric , Kou Wenjun , Pandolfino John E. , Araujo Isis K. , Pitisuttithum Panyavee , Halder Sourav , Kahrilas Peter J. , Carlson Dustin A. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION:
Four-dimensional high-resolution impedance manometry (4D HRM) uses impedance to estimate esophageal luminal cross-sectional area and track nadir impedance to measure intrabolus pressure (IBP). We aimed to determine whether 4D HRM metrics could define abnormal esophagogastric junction (EGJ) opening between Chicago Classification version 4.0 motility disorders and compare 4D HRM with functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP) metrics.

METHODS:
Symptomatic adult patients who completed high-resolution impedance manometry and FLIP were included and compared with an asymptomatic control group. 4D HRM analysis used custom-built software to measure IBP, maximum EGJ diameter, and distensibility index on supine test swallows. 4D HRM metrics were compared with FLIP EGJ metrics.

RESULTS:
Ninety patients (31 normal motility, 16 ineffective esophageal manometry, 9 absent contractility, 8 conclusive EGJ outflow obstruction [EGJOO], 12 type I achalasia, 14 type II achalasia, 12 type III achalasia, and 34 asymptomatic controls) were included. Phase 2 and 3 IBP was higher in type II and III achalasia compared with controls and normal motility groups (P < 0.03). Maximum EGJ diameter and EGJ-distensibility index in the conclusive EGJOO and achalasia groups were significantly lower than in controls and normal motility groups (P < 0.03). 4D HRM identified 37 of 44 (84%) subjects with normal EGJ opening and 29 of 39 (74%) subjects with reduced EGJ opening on FLIP.

DISCUSSION:
4D HRM metrics correlated with expected clinical observations across a spectrum of esophageal motility disorders and defined EGJ obstruction. 4D HRM metrics may have value in defining EGJ obstruction in equivocal cases related to EGJOO or absent peristalsis.
12. kongres Evropské sociologické asociace – Diference, nerovnosti a sociologická imaginace.
Authors: Nešporová Olga , Nešpor Zdeněk R. 
Published: October 2024

Nutno konstatovat, že naše mater urbium není přes svoji nezpochybnitelnou přitažlivost i relativně snadnou dostupnost právě častým místem konání velkých mezinárodních vědeckých kongresů, konferencí či sympozií. Tím spíš je třeba se radovat, když občas podobná akce nastane, protože je jak svátkem pro českou vědu, tak – přihlédneme-li k celkovým nákladům – nikoli zcela zanedbatelným přínosem k národnímu HDP, o slávě a reputaci přitom v případě úspěšnosti nemluvě. Máločetné se přitom stalo skutkem, Evropská sociologická asociace si pro svůj v pořadí již dvanáctý kongres vybrala právě Prahu, přičemž organizace se ujal Sociologický ústav Akademie věd. Zatímco v zahraničí organizují podobné akce učené společnosti, Masarykova česká sociologická společnost by si vzhledem ke svému rozsahu i organizaci nic podobného dovolit nemohla, a proto nejen v tomto případě akademický ústav plnil kromě badatelských rovněž infrastrukturní úkoly, pro fungování (české) vědy zcela zásadní.
Colour-Coding Aegean Elites: Status and Cultural Identities in Linear B Dyed Textiles and Late Bronze Age Socio-Political Changes
Authors: Pierini Rachele 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper analyses the dyed textiles that are recorded in Linear B tablets and explores their role within the changes that the Late Bronze Age Aegean socio-cultural and economic scenario underwent. Additionally, it addresses how Aegean elites visually conveyed cultural messages on power and identities through colours and coloured textiles. As such, this paper (i) hypothesises new associations between red-dyed textiles, the chronology of Linear B tablets from Knossos, and the socio-political and cultural development of the Late Bronze Age; (ii) contributes new insights into the cultivation of plants producing red dyes throughout the period of the Knossos tablets use; (iii) challenges the interpretation of terms referring to the red natural colour of the wool; (iv) critically reviews the interpretation of terms referring to the grey natural colour of the wool; (v) hypothesises a new interpretation of how green-dyed textiles were obtained.
Reforming the IMF Surcharge Rate Policy to Avoid Procyclical Lending
Authors: Gallagher Kevin , Guzman Martin , Stiglitz Joseph , Uy Marilou 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) levies ‘surcharges’ or extra fees beyond the normal borrowing costs on member countries that either draw “sufficiently large” amounts of IMF credit to mitigate balance of payments constraints, or that maintain their credit exposure with the institution for “sufficiently long” periods of time. Such surcharges have become increasingly important: 10 countries paid surcharges in 2020. Now, 22 countries are subject to IMF surcharges, and revenues from surcharges between 2020 and 2023 have reached about $6.4 billion, just as countries are struggling to recover from their balance of payments issues amidst multiple shocks, such as COVID-19, climate change, war, and advanced economy interest rate changes. Reportedly designed to discourage the overuse of Fund resources and to ensure the financial soundness of the IMF’s own balance sheet, in recent years surcharges have come under scrutiny for two reasons. First, such surcharges are inherently pro-cyclical as they increase the burden of debt payments at exactly the time when a member country needs counter-cyclical and low-cost financing, contravening the very rationale of the IMF. Secondly, IMF surcharges have now become among the largest sources of revenue for the IMF, creating a perverse situation whereby the most economically disadvantaged member countries are a major source of income for Fund operations. This paper reviews the rationale for IMF surcharges, evaluates their impacts on member country economies and on the IMF business model, and presents and evaluates various proposals for IMF surcharge reform.
Obesity and risk of placenta accreta spectrum: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jenabi Ensiyeh , Najafi-Vosough Roya , Nazari Arshia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Some studies have indicated a notable association between obesity and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), while others have not reported. Hence, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the association between obesity and the risk of PAS.

Methods
To explore the association between obesity and PAS through observational studies, we conducted a systematic search across PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar, and Scopus databases up to March 30, 2024. The meta-analysis utilized a random-effect model, with the quality of included studies assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant using Stata software, version 14 (StataCorp, College Station, TX, USA).

Results
The association between obesity and PAS risk in crude studies showed significance (1.51 [95% CI: 1.19, 1.82; I
2 = 0.0%]). However, in adjusted studies, the association was not significant (1.25 [95% CI: 0.45, 2.05; I
2 = 52.0%]).

Conclusion
These findings suggest that obesity has been proposed as potentially associated with a higher risk of PAS, particularly evident in crude studies. However, it is imperative to conduct prospective cohort studies with a large sample size and meticulous control of confounding variables to further elucidate this relationship.
Lithuanian Agriculture during the Nazis Occuption
Authors: Braslauskas Justinas 
Published: October 2024

After Bolsheviks had been banished out of Lithuania and the life in the country had normalized, in Lithuania occupied by the Nazis, owing to the initiative of the local Lithuanian authorities, the agricultural production and culture development which had been started during the period of independence of Lithuania and then neglected during the period of Bolshevism was resumed, including the improvement of breeds of domestic fowl and cattle, the draining and cultivating of soil, the organization of land exploitation, the classifying of land, the agricultural research and education, etc. The German civil authorities regarded Lithuania as a country to be annexed in the nearest future and, therefore, they did not hamper and even stimulated the initiative of officers of the Lithuanian authorities taken in the above-mentioned fields. Nevertheless, the main goals of the Nazi regime in the sphere of agriculture in Lithuania were to exploit and plunder the country's farmers in order to improve the provision of the German army and its population with foodstuffs. The Nazis issued a lot of orders implying various obligatory deliveries of agricultural produce levied on the Lithuanian farmers. The quota of obligatory deliveries levied on Lithuania constituted the important part of gross agricultural output of Lithuania. In spite of various repressive measures, the set deliveries quota was not executed in full during any economic year. However, only in the form of obligatory deliveries (excluding requisitions by the army, etc.) the invaders succeeded in taking great quantities of various food products from the Lithuanian farmers. It goes without saying that such a policy of the invaders ruined the agriculture of Lithuania and did not contribute to the development of production. Moreover, during the period of German occupation, the agriculture in Lithuania faced the following problems: the lack of agricultural machinery and equipment, seeds, fertilizers, drafters, agricultural workers, as well as the low prices on agricultural produce, etc. In such unfavorable wartime conditions, the area under crops decreased, the land lay fallow, the cultivation and fertility of the soil was poor, the field crops production fell down, and the number of domestic fowl and cattle decreased. At the end of the war, the agriculture in Lithuania was even more exhausted by the actions of war.
Der Beitrag der Übersetzung Jakobs von Venedig zur Überlieferung der aristotelischen Metaphysik
Authors: Isépy Péter 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe first Latin translation of Aristotle's Metaphysics of which we know was made only in the mid-12th century, by James of Venice († after 1148), and is transmitted for books I–IV, 4 (1007a31). James' Greek model, which came not down to us, was older than most of the c. 50 Greek manuscripts containing the Metaphysics and can be reconstructed through the Latin translation itself, carried out verbum de verbo. The present article aims to precisely identify the position of James' Greek model in the tradition, i.e. the stemma codicum of Dieter Harlfinger from 1979. As the collation against the independent Greek tradition reveals, the Translatio Iacobi happens to be the oldest tangible member of the δ-family and part of a special, southern Italian branch of the transmission that seems to have been the prevailing text version of the Metaphysics in the Terra d’Otranto from the 13th to the 15th century.
Real-time optical thickness determination for producing ultra-thin silicon membranes using anisotropic potassium hydroxide etching
Authors: Gislason Leif , Genc Sahra , Thompson Sally , Crawford Jerry , Jessing Jeff 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThinning silicon wafers via wet etching is a common practice in the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) industry to produce membranes and other structures Wang (Nano Lett 13(9): 4393–4398, 2013). Controlling the thickness of a membrane is a critical aspect to optimize the functionality of these devices. Our research specifically focuses on the production of bio-membranes for lung-on-a-chip (LoaC) applications. In our fabrication, it is crucial for us to determine the membranes’ thickness in a non-invasive way. This study aims to address this issue by attempting to develop a tool that uses the optical properties of light transmission through silicon to find a correlation with thickness. To find this correlation, we conducted a small experimental study where we fabricated ultra-thin membranes and captured images of the light transmission through these samples. This paper will report the correlation found between calculated average intensities of these images and measurements done using scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Graphical abstract
Program Daurah Tahfidz al-Qur’an dalam Membina Akhlak Karimah Santri Pondok Pesantren Karangasem, Paciran, Lamongan
Authors: Aulia Dini Ratna , Hodri Hodri 
Published: October 2024

This study discusses the Daurah Tahfidz al-Qur’an program as an effort to foster noble character traits among students of Pondok Pesantren Karangasem, Paciran, Lamongan. This program aims to strengthen Islamic moral values among students and teaches them to maintain spiritual and physical purity. The study employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, collecting data through field observations, interviews and documentation. Through a case study, the research depicts the implementation process of the Daurah Tahfidz Al-Qur’an program, including admission requirements and the stages of activities undergone by the students. The findings indicate that the program successfully shapes noble character traits among students, as evidenced by the positive changes observed in them after completing a one-month quarantine. Additionally, the study highlights the importance of meditation and self-reflection as effective methods for fostering character traits in the context of memorizing the Qur'an. Thus, this research contributes to understanding the relationship between fostering noble character traits and memorizing the Qur'an in the context of Islamic education.
Metabolic and genetic basis of liver damage in mechanical jaundice of non-tumor genesis in obstractive cholangitis or biliary pancreatitis
Authors: Vlasov I. P. , Trofimov V. A. , Vlasova T. I. , Sheiranov N. S. , Al-Kubaisi Sh. S. , Dukhovnova C. M. , Rubtsov O. Yu. , Okunev N. A. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. Establishment of versatile mechanisms behind liver damage in mechanical jaundice of non-tumor genesis combined with acute obstructive cholangitis or acute biliary pancreatitis.Materials and methods. In total, 64 cases of mechanical jaundice developed against the background of cholelithiasis were studied. Group 1 included 30 patients with mechanical jaundice combined with cholangitis; group 2 included 34 patients with acute biliary pancreatitis. Bile duct reconstruction was performed by an open method followed by standardized treatment. The intensity of membrane lipid peroxidation was determined by the level of diene conjugates, malonic dialdehyde, superoxide dismutase activity, and the activity of phospholipase A2. The severity of endotoxemia was estimated; a molecular-genetic test of the polymorphism of antioxidant system genes was performed.Results. The significance of the gene polymorphism of antioxidant enzymes in the formation of systemic alterative phenomena and severity of liver damage in mechanical jaundice complicated by cholangitis or acute pancreatitis was determined by allocation of patient subgroups depending on the presence of mutant allele T in the gene of superoxide dismutase SOD2 (C1147T). The groups of patients with the presence of such polymorphism, regardless of the combined diseases, demonstrated more pronounced and prolonged liver functional disorders and homeostasis disorders after restoration of biliary tract patency.Conclusion. The presence of mutant alleles of the SOD2 gene (C47T) in patients with non-tumor mechanical jaundice combined with acute cholangitis or pancreatitis is associated with an increase in the intensity of damage mechanisms at the systemic level, primarily with membrane lipid peroxidation, which correlates with the severity of liver damage (r = 0.834–0.967; p < 0.05).
Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting in patients over 60 years with cirrhosis and comorbidities when liver transplantation is reasonably denied
Authors: Korobka V. L. , Khoronko Yu. V. , Korobka R. V. , Kosovtsev E. V. , Malevanny M. V. , Pak E. S. , Tadieva E. V. 
Published: October 2024

Aim. To determine the potential of TIPS that provides effective portal decompression for longevity and quality of life of patients over 60 years with cirrhosis and concomitant pathology when liver transplantation is reasonably denied.Materials and methods. The study included 27 patients aged over 60 with comorbidities, who underwent TIPS in 2016–2023 due to life-threatening manifestations of complicated portal hypertension of cirrhotic origin.Results. TIPS provided effective portal decompression in all 27 patients, confirmed by a 55.4 ± 5.2% reduction in portal pressure gradient. No hospital and 6-week mortality was recorded. 2 deaths (7.4%) were registered within one year after shunt surgery.Conclusion. In addition to lessening the risk of life-threatening complications, reduction of portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis provides favorable conditions for therapy of concomitant diseases, limited by concerns regarding hepatic decompensation. Due to the achieved stabilization of comorbidities, the denial to include the patient in the waiting list for liver transplantation can be reconsidered.
Beyond the Finish Line: Muscle Injuries in Athletic Competition
Authors: Rumini  , Adi S  , Kusuma Donny Wira Yudha 
Published: October 2024

Objectives. The study aimed to compare the incidence of muscle injuries in the qualifying rounds, semifinals and finals in athletics.
Materials and Methods. A total of 14 male and 12 female athletes who participated in all rounds (preliminaries, semifinals, and finals) of the 100 m, 200 m, and 400 m matches were analyzed over a 4-year period starting in 2021-2024. The female athletes were aged 22.4 ± 3.81 years, with a mean height of 167 ± 8.6 cm, and weight — 64.6 ± 17.5 kg. The male athletes were aged 23.4 ± 3.82, having an average height of 169 ± 8.3 cm, and weight — 66.4 ± 15.8 kg. A t-test was used to conduct comparative assessment of performance between finals, semifinals, and preliminaries for each gender and event. A 95% confidence interval was calculated separately for each gender, event, and round. Additionally, incidence rates were compared. The significance level was accepted at p < 0.05.
Results. HMI (hamstring muscle injuries) incidence rate for female qualifiers was found to be 1.50 (1.05-1.95), semifinals — 1.33 (0.79-1.88), and the final — 1.91 (1.44-2.38). LLMI (lower limb muscle injuries) incidence rate among female qualifiers was 1.50 (0.58-2.42), semifinals — 1.00 (1.00-1.00), and the final — 1.55 (1.36-1.74). HMI incidence rate in male qualifiers was 0.50 (0.08-1.28), semifinals — 0.67 (0.77-2.10), and 1.00 (0.34-1.66) in the final. LLMI incidence rate for male qualifiers was 0.40 (0.28-1.08), semifinals — 0.24 (0.55-1.05), and the final revealed 0.60 (0.08-1.28).
Conclusions. The highest incidence of muscle injury in all forms among men was observed in the all-round category. In women, hamstring muscle injuries occurred in the final, while lower limb muscle injuries were most prevalent in the preliminaries and semifinals.