bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cognitive functioning in alcoholic patients and efficiency of their correction with use of individualized therapy
Authors: Bokhan N. , Mandel A. , Abolonin A. , Peshkovskaya A. , Nazarova I. , Belokrylov I. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo assess severity of cognitive disturbances during use of individualized therapy.Materials and methodsStudy sample included 40 men with diagnosis of alcohol dependence in the period of remission formation. Methods of pictograms, “ten words”, techniques “analogs”, “number square”, “index of functional flexibility of nervous processes” were applied. Measurement was conducted before and after individualized therapy. Depending on structure of cognitive disturbances the individualized therapy included the following: pharmacotherapy, audiovisual, vibrotactile, oxygen-hyperthermic, resonance-acoustic and psychotherapeutic interventions.ResultsAssessment of drawings of the method of pictograms before and after individualized therapy testifies to increase of number of adequate associations in 36.4% of cases, decrease of inadequate symbolic in average from 1.91 scores to 1.77. After therapy part of graphic phenomena-indicators of organic diseases (in 63.64% of patients) and index of severity of organic graphic symptom complex (from 2.14 ± 1.04 to 1.43 ± 0.98, differences are reliable at Р < 0.05) decreased. A set of associations was widened, number of abstractions of high level increased in 31.82% of cases. It was revealed that abilities to generalize and abstract did not change after therapy. Average productivity of mediated remembering after therapy increased from 58,08% to 71.67%. Increase of volume of attention and its switchover capability, increase of average index of functional flexibility of nervous processes from 1.19 ± 0.26 to 1.62 ± 0.16 (differences are reliable at Р < 0.05) were revealed.Thus, administered with account for structure of disorders individualized therapy allows significant improvement of cognitive functions of alcoholic patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Cannabis and cyclical vomiting
Authors: Canseco Navarro M. , Canccino Botello M. , Machado Vera M.M. , Hernández Sánchez J.M. , Molina López F. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionTraditionally, cannabis is associated with antiemetic action after acute consumption. However, in 2004 the cannabinoid hyperemesis as paradoxical effect of chronic users, after years of exposure described.ObjectivesDescription of the cannabinoid hyperemesis.MethodOLOGYA case is presented.ResultsClinical case of a woman who repeatedly comes to the emergency service because of abdominal, nausea and vomiting pain.This is cyclical and hardly controllable. The gastroenterology service studied in depth with negative results. She was followed up by mental health borderline personality disorder and she consumed cannabis at an early age, 20–30 joints daily.When she reaches abstinence in short periods, ceases digestive discomfort. However, aprece digestive symptoms with each relapse. The present case showed improvement with cessation of cannabis so it probably was the cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome.ConclusionsThe cannabinoid hyperemesis is characterized by recurrent episodes of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and chronic cannabis use. Temporary relief is achieved with hot baths. Ceases when abstinence is achieved. It is a clinical entity that does not have much information and requires further study.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Clinical features of kinesthetic hallucinations in cocaine-dependent patients
Authors: Roncero C. , Rodriguez-Cintas L. , Grau-López L. , Ros-Cucurull E. , Perez-Pazos J. , Barral C. , Palma-Alvarez F. , Barrau V. , Herrrero-Fernandez A. , Vela N. , Romero D. , Sorribes M. , Casas M. , Egido A. , Alvaros J. , Daigre C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionLegal and illegal drugs can cause psychotic symptoms, in cocaine-dependent patients the prevalence of these symptoms may reach 86% (Vorspan, 2012). It is estimated that 13–32% of cocaine-dependent patients have kinaesthetic hallucinations (Siegel, 1978; Mahoney, 2008; Roncero, 2012).ObjectivesTo compare the prevalence of substance-induced psychotic symptoms and compare the use of welfare/social resources and social adjustment among cocaine-dependent patients (CD) and other substances dependences (OtherD).MethodsTwo hundred and six patients seeking treatment at the Addictions and Dual Diagnosis Unit of the Vall d’Hebron. Patients were assessed by ad hoc questionnaire designed to collect demographic data and psychotic symptoms associated with consumption, a record of the care/social resources used by the patient and the scale of social adaptation (SASS). A descriptive and bivariate analysis of the data was performed.ResultsCD were 47.1% vs. 52.9% OtherD (66.1% alcohol, 17.4% cannabis, 8.3% opioid, 8.3% benzodiazepines/other drugs). Of cocaine dependent-patients, 65.6% present psychotic symptoms vs. 32.1% for the OtherD. Different exhibiting psychotic symptoms are: self-referential (69.7% vs. 30.7%), delusions of persecution (43.4% vs. 12.2%), hallucinations (49.4% vs. 14.3%), auditory hallucinations (43.5% vs. 11.4%), visual hallucinations (30.4% vs. 5.7%) and kinaesthetic hallucinations (7.2% vs. 2.9%).Cocaine-dependent patients significantly use more health care resources in reference addiction unit (76.3% vs. 62.4%, P:.035) and infectious diseases (22.7% vs. 5.5%, P:.000) and justice-related (50.5% vs. 26 resources 0.6%; P:1.001) and less resources and mental health (25.8% vs. 43.1%; P:.013).Regarding social adaptation, no differences were found in the SASS. Kinaesthetic hallucinations do not appear to be related to a greater use of resources and in social adaptation.References not available.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
When are all closed subsets recurrent?
Authors: LI JIE , OPROCHA PIOTR , YE XIANGDONG , ZHANG RUIFENG 
Published: May 2016

In the paper we study relations of rigidity, equicontinuity and pointwise recurrence between an invertible topological dynamical system (t.d.s.)$(X,T)$and the t.d.s. $(K(X),T_{K})$induced on the hyperspace$K(X)$of all compact subsets of$X$, and provide some characterizations. Among other examples, we construct a minimal, non-equicontinuous, distal and uniformly rigid t.d.s. and a weakly mixing t.d.s. which induces dense periodic points on the hyperspace$K(X)$but itself does not have dense distal points, solving in that way a few open questions from earlier articles by Dong, and Li, Yan and Ye.
Fruit and vegetable consumption in Vietnam, and the use of a ‘standard serving’ size to measure intake
Authors: Bui Tan Van , Blizzard Christopher L. , Luong Khue Ngoc , Truong Ngoc Le Van , Tran Bao Quoc , Otahal Petr , Srikanth Velandai , Nelson Mark R. , Au Thuy Bich , Ha Son Thai , Phung Hai Ngoc , Tran Mai Hoang , Callisaya Michele , Smith Kylie , Gall Seana 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe aims of the present study were to provide nationally representative data on fruit and vegetable consumption in Vietnam, and to assess the accuracy of the reported numbers of ‘standard servings’ consumed. Data analysed were from a multi-stage stratified cluster survey of 14 706 participants (46·5 % males, response proportion 64·1 %) aged 25−64 years in Vietnam. Measurements were made in accordance with the WHO STEPwise approach to surveillance of non-communicable diseases (STEPS) protocols. Approximately 80 % of Vietnamese people reported having less than five servings of fruit and vegetables daily in a typical week. Fruit and vegetable intake reported in ‘standard serving’ sizes was positively correlated with levels of education completed and household income (P<0·001 for trend). The correlations between summary values for each province reflect some known demographic, geographical and climatic characteristics of the country. For example, provinces at higher latitude had higher mean servings of vegetables (r 0·90), and provinces with higher proportions of urban population had higher mean servings of fruit (r 0·40). In conclusion, about eight in ten Vietnamese people aged 25–64 years did not meet WHO recommendations for daily consumption of at least five servings of fruit and vegetables. On the basis of the consistency of the data collected with other estimates and with physical and demographic characteristics of the country, the WHO STEPS instrument has construct validity for measuring fruit and vegetable intake, but with two issues identified. The issues were seasonal variation in reporting and a limitation on the usefulness of the information for associative analyses.
Introduction to the United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancer
Authors: Paleri V , Roland N 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the 5th edition of the UK Multi-Disciplinary Guidelines for Head and Neck Cancer, endorsed by seven national specialty associations involved in head and neck cancer care. Our aim is to provide a document can be used as a ready reference for multidisciplinary teams and a concise easy read for trainees. All evidence based recommendations in this edition are indicated by ‘(R)’ and where the multidisciplinary team of authors consider a recommendation to be based on clinical experience, it is denoted by ‘(G)’ as a good practice point.
Aetiology and risk factors for head and neck cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Shaw R , Beasley N 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. It discusses the aetiology and risk factors for head and neck cancer and the recommended interventions appropriate for each risk factor.Recommendations•Recent evidence synthesis from National Institute for Health and Care Excellence suggests that the following brief interventions for smoking cessation work should be used:○Ask smokers how interested they are in quitting (R)○If they want to stop, refer them to an intensive support service such as National Health Service Stop Smoking Services (R)○If they are unwilling or unable to accept a referral, offer a stop smoking aid, e.g. pharmacotherapy. (R)•Brief interventions are effective for hazardous and harmful drinking. (R)•Specialist interventions are effective in people with alcohol dependence. (R)•Most people with alcohol dependence can undergo medically assisted withdrawal safely at home, after risk assessment. (R)•Management of leukoplakia is not informed by high-level evidence but consensus supports targeted use of biopsy and histopathological assessment. (R)•The management of biopsy proven dysplastic lesions favours:○advice to reduce known environmental carcinogens such as tobacco and alcohol (R)○surgical excision when the size of the lesions and the patient's function allows (R)○long-term surveillance. (R)•Fanconi anaemia patients should:○be followed up in a multidisciplinary specialist Fanconi anaemia clinic (G)○have quarterly screening for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and an aggressive biopsy policy (G)○receive prophylactic vaccination against high risk human papilloma virus (G)○receive treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with surgery alone where possible. (G)
Oropharyngeal cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Mehanna H , Evans M , Beasley M , Chatterjee S , Dilkes M , Homer J , O'Hara J , Robinson M , Shaw R , Sloan P 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. There has been significant debate in the management of oropharyngeal cancer in the last decade, especially in light of the increased incidence, clarity on the role of the human papilloma virus in this disease and the treatment responsiveness of the human papilloma virus positive cancers. This paper discusses the evidence base pertaining to the management of oropharyngeal cancer and provides recommendations on management for this group of patients receiving cancer care.Recommendations• Cross-sectional imaging is required in all cases to complete assessment and staging. (R)• Magnetic resonance imaging is recommended for primary site and computed tomography scan for neck and chest. (R)• Positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography scanning is recommended for the assessment of response after chemoradiotherapy, and has a role in assessing recurrence. (R)• Examination under anaesthetic is strongly recommended, but not mandatory. (R)• Histological diagnosis is mandatory in most cases, especially for patients receiving treatment with curative intent. (R)• Oropharyngeal carcinoma histopathology reports should be prepared according to The Royal College of Pathologists Guidelines. (G)• Human papilloma virus (HPV) testing should be carried out for all oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas as recommended in The Royal College of Pathologists Guidelines. (R)• Human papilloma virus testing for oropharyngeal cancer should be performed within a diagnostic service where the laboratory procedures and reporting standards are quality assured. (G)• Treatment options for T1–T2 N0 oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma include radical radiotherapy or transoral surgery and neck dissection (with post-operative (chemo)radiotherapy if there are adverse pathological features on histological examination). (R)• Transoral surgery is preferable to open techniques and is associated with good functional outcomes in retrospective series. (R)• If treated surgically, neck dissection should include levels II–IV and possibly level I. Level IIb can be omitted if there is no disease in level IIa. (R)• If treated with radiotherapy, levels II–IV should be included, and possibly level Ib in selected cases. (R)• Altering the modalities of treatment according to HPV status is currently controversial and should be undertaken only in clinical trials. (R)• Where possible, patients should be offered the opportunity to enrol in clinical trials in the field. (G)
Investigation and management of the unknown primary with metastatic neck disease: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Mackenzie K , Watson M , Jankowska P , Bhide S , Simo R 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. It discusses the evidence base pertaining to the management of metastatic neck disease in the setting of an unknown primary and provides recommendations on the work up and management for this group of patients receiving cancer care.Recommendations•All patients presenting with confirmed cervical lymph node metastatic squamous cell carcinoma and no apparent primary site should undergo:
○Positron emission tomography-computed tomography whole-body scan. (R)○Panendoscopy and directed biopsies. (R)○Bilateral tonsillectomy. (R)•Tongue base mucosectomy can be offered if facilities and expertise exists. (G)•Concomitant chemotherapy with radiation should be considered in patients with an unknown primary. (R)•Concomitant chemotherapy with radiation should be offered to suitable patients in the post-operative setting, where indicated. (R)•Neo-adjuvant chemotherapy can be used in gross ‘unresectable’ disease. (R)•Patients should be followed up at least two months in the first two years and three to six months in the subsequent years. (G)•Patients should be followed up to a minimum of five years with a prolonged follow up for selected patients. (G)•Positron emission tomography–computed tomography scan at three to four months after treatment is a useful follow-up strategy for patients treated by chemoradiation therapy. (R)
Reconstructive considerations in head and neck surgical oncology: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Ragbir M , Brown J S , Mehanna H 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. The reconstructive needs following ablative surgery for head and neck cancer are unique and require close attention to both form and function. The vast experience accrued with microvascular reconstructive surgery has meant a significant expansion in the options available. This paper discusses the options for reconstruction available following ablative surgery for head and neck cancer and offers recommendations for reconstruction in the various settings.Recommendations• Microsurgical free flap reconstruction should be the primary reconstructive option for most defects of the head and neck that need tissue transfer. (R)• Free flaps should be offered as first choice of reconstruction for all patients needing circumferential pharyngoesophageal reconstruction. (R)• Free flap reconstruction should be offered for patients with class III or higher defects of the maxilla. (R)• Composite free tissue transfer should be offered as first choice to all patients needing mandibular reconstruction. (R)• Patients undergoing salvage total laryngectomy should be offered vascularised flap reconstruction to reduce pharyngocutaneous fistula rates. (R)
Palliative and supportive care in head and neck cancer: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Cocks H , Ah-See K , Capel M , Taylor P 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. It provides recommendations on the assessments and interventions for this group of patients receiving palliative and supportive care.Recommendations• Palliative and supportive care must be multidisciplinary. (G)• All core team members should have training in advanced communication skills. (G)• Palliative surgery should be considered in selected cases. (R)• Hypofractionated or short course radiotherapy should be considered for local pain control and for painful bony metastases. (R)• All palliative patients should have a functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) assessment of swallow to assess for risk of aspiration. (G)• Pain relief should be based on the World Health Organization pain ladder. (R)• Specialist pain management service involvement should be considered early for those with refractory pain. (G)• Constipation should be avoided by the judicious use of prophylactic laxatives and the correction of systemic causes such as dehydration, hypercalcaemia and hypothyroidism. (G)• Organic causes of confusion should be identified and corrected where appropriate, failing this, treatment with benzodiazepines or antipsychotics should be considered. (G)• Patients with symptoms suggestive of spinal metastases or metastatic cord compression must be managed in accordance with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance. (R)• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is inappropriate in the palliative dying patient. (R)• ‘Do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ orders should be completed and discussed with the patient and/or the family unless good reasons exist not to do so where appropriate. This is absolutely necessary when a patient's care is to be managed at home. (G)
The clinical nurse specialist's role in head and neck cancer care: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Dempsey L , Orr S , Lane S , Scott A 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. It discusses the role of the clinical nurse specialist in the head and neck cancer patient journey and provides recommendations on the clinical nurse specialist led assessments and interventions for this group of patients receiving cancer care.Recommendations• All cancer patients should meet a clinical nurse specialist at the point of diagnosis. (R)• Clinical nurse specialists must act as gate keeper to the patients' cancer pathway to provide a seamless journey. (R)• Holistic needs assessment should be completed at different stages of the patient's pathway to reflect the changes of the patients' needs. (R)• Clinical nurse specialists to be part of local and national initiatives for health promotion and raising awareness in the public domain. (G)• Clinical nurse specialists should lead in redesigning of services and policies to ensure they are responsive to patient's needs for the future. (G)• Treatment summaries should become part of practice to provide good communication between primary and secondary care to enable continuity of care for the patient. (G)
Organisation and provision of head and neck cancer surgical services in the United Kingdom: United Kingdom National Multidisciplinary Guidelines
Authors: Stafford F , Ah-See K , Fardy M , Fell K 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis is the official guideline endorsed by the surgical specialty associations involved in the care of head and neck cancer patients in the UK. This paper summarises the current state of play in the organisation and provision of head and neck cancer surgical services in the UK.
Exploring drivers and deterrents of the illegal consumption and trade of marine turtle products in Cape Verde, and implications for conservation planning
Authors: Hancock Joana M. , Furtado Safiro , Merino Sonia , Godley Brendan J. , Nuno Ana 
Published: May 2016

AbstractConservation regulations aimed at restricting resource use are commonly used to manage and protect natural resources but their implementation depends on the compliance of resource users. The design of effective regulations should be informed by an understanding of the factors that affect compliance, considering contextual socio-economic information. Changes have been implemented in the national legislation protecting marine turtles in the Cape Verde archipelago, where historical and recent records indicate heavy human predation pressure on nesting and foraging marine turtles. We present an assessment of levels of illegal harvesting and consumption of marine turtle products on two of the islands, Boa Vista and Santiago, and an analysis of their potential drivers. Key stakeholders were interviewed to investigate the perceived impact of the main interventions employed in Cape Verde to reduce illegal harvesting, trade and consumption of marine turtles. Despite an apparent decrease in harvesting and consumption, our results suggest there has been a shift from subsistence harvesting to trade in Boa Vista. The existence of laws to protect marine turtles was perceived as a deterrent to harvesting, and awareness campaigns and a lack of availability were perceived as reasons for the decrease in consumption in Boa Vista and Santiago, respectively. Aiming to inform ongoing discussions, we recommend a multi-targeted approach focusing on both suppliers and consumers to magnify conservation effectiveness. Regular impact evaluation focusing on harvest and consumption is needed to improve the design of regulations and inform policy decision making.