bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Crianças com microcefalia associada a infecção congênita pelo vírus Zika: características clinicas e epidemiológicas num hospital terciário
Authors: Abreu Thais Titonel , Novais Michelli Christina Magalhães , Guimarães Isabel Cristina Britto 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>um aumento do número de recém-nascidos com microcefalia tem ocorrido no Brasil. Este aumento tem sido associado à infecção congênita pelo vírus Zika. Devido a brevidade da identificação do vírus no país, aspectos que podem estar associados à gravidade da condição de doença destes recém-nascidos ainda carecem de ser mais estudados. <strong>Objetivo:</strong> Descrever a idade gestacional, peso ao nascer, Apgar e tempo de internamento de recém-nascidos com microcefalia associados a possível infecção congênita pelo vírus Zika num hospital terciário de Salvador. <strong>Metodologia</strong>: estudo descritivo, transversal; referente a crianças com microcefalia associada a possível infecção congênita pelo vírus Zika, nascidas em um hospital terciário, público, da cidade de Salvador, Bahia, Brasil. <strong>Resultados: </strong>foram selecionadas 18 recém-nascidos com microcefalia e possível infecção congênita pelo Zika. Destes, 12 (66,6%) eram do sexo feminino e 6 do sexo masculino.<strong> </strong>A idade gestacional média da amostra foi de 37(2,9) semanas; perímetro cefálico 27,8(2,2) centímetros; peso ao nascer 2079,8 (560,9) gramas. O Apgar médio apresentado no primeiro minuto foi de 7, assim como no quinto minuto. O tempo médio de internamento foi de 30 dias. Três crianças (16,6%) evoluíram ao óbito em menos de 24 horas após o nascimento.<strong> Conclusão</strong>: observa-se a presença de fatores de morbidades na amostra estudada. Estudos que dimensionem o quantitativo de recém-nascidos comprometidos podem evidenciar suas necessidades e auxiliar no direcionamento de ações de planejamento público.</p><p> </p>
Aposentadoria Especial para Profissionais de Saúde
Authors: Falcão Antonio Fernando Pereira 
Published: January 2017

<p>A Aposentadoria foi instituída e reconhecida Legal e Constitucionalmente como um Direito dos Trabalhadores. Para os segurados que exercem atividades sob as condições que prejudiquem a saúde ou a integridade física, definidas em Lei Complementar é assegurada a denominada Aposentadoria Especial prevista nos artigos 57 e 58, Lei 8.213/91, que dispõe sobre a Aposentadoria Especial:</p><p>Subseção IV - Da Aposentadoria Especial<br />Art. 57. A aposentadoria especial será devida, uma vez cumprida à carência exigida nesta Lei, ao segurado que tiver trabalhado sujeito a condições especiais que prejudiquem a saúde ou a integridade física, durante quinze, vinte ou vinte e cinco anos, conforme dispuser a lei. § 1º A aposentadoria especial, observado o disposto no art. 33 desta Lei, consistirá numa renda mensal equivalente a 100% (cem por cento) do salário de benefício. </p><p>...</p>
Bright, Stable, and Biocompatible Organic Fluorophores Absorbing/Emitting in the Deep Near‐Infrared Spectral Region
Authors: Lei Zuhai , Li Xinran , Luo Xiao , He Haihong , Zheng Jing , Qian Xuhong , Yang Youjun 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSmall‐molecule organic fluorophores spectrally active in the 800–950 nm region are sought‐after for their broad potential in biomedical and material applications. We have developed a new family of brightly fluorescent dyes (ECX) to meet this challenge. ECX dyes are transparent to the visible region, while strongly absorbing in the NIR region at approximately 880 nm. They emit at around 915 nm with a fluorescence quantum yield up to 13.3 %. ECX dyes exhibit high chemostability, high photostability, and low tendency to aggregate. Other merits of ECX dyes include low degree of solvatochromism and facile post‐synthetic derivatization. ECX dyes potentially make available the 800–950 nm region for spectroscopic and microscopic applications and are also expected to find broad material applications.
Preparation and characterization of nanomagnetic piperidinium benzene‐1,3‐disulfonate ionic liquid as a novel, green and heterogeneous catalyst and its use in the synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐a] pyridazine‐5,8‐diones under solvent‐free conditions
Authors: Ghorbani‐Vaghei Ramin , Mahmoodi Jafar , Maghbooli Yaser 
Published: January 2017

The one‐pot four‐component synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐a]pyridazine‐5,8‐diones was carried out from the reaction between various aldehydes, malononitrile, hydrazine hydrate and phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride at 110 °C in solvent‐free conditions using piperidinium benzene‐1,3‐disulfonate nanomagnetic ionic liquid (NMIL) as a novel and reusable catalyst. Some advantages of the presented procedure are a significant reduction in cost, effective catalysis and reusability of the catalyst. NMIL was thoroughly characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopies, thermogravimetry, derivative thermogravimetry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry and energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy. The technique is developed as a suitable and safe method for the synthesis of 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐b]phthalazine‐5,10‐diones and 1H–pyrazolo[1,2‐a]pyridazine‐5,8‐diones making use of an efficient and reusable green catalyst.
Bio‐based thermoplastic polyurethane and polyamide 11 bioalloys with excellent shape memory behavior
Authors: Rashmi B. J. , Loux C. , Prashantha K. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTBio‐based blends of commercially available polyester based bio thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and castor oil based polyamide 11 (PA11) of different ratios are prepared by melt processing. The blends properties such as shape memory behavior through unconstrained and constrained recovery, interfacial interaction, morphology, dynamic mechanical, rheological, and mechanical behavior are studied. A strong interface between the two polymeric phases due to hydrogen bonding observed through morphology indicates that TPU and PA11 are well compatible. The complex viscosity of blends ranges between that of neat PA11 and TPU. Thermal analysis shows that higher the TPU content lower the melting point (Tm) corresponding to PA11 and the crystallization temperature (Tc) remains unaltered. Adding TPU to PA11 ductility and impact strength of the blends increases significantly with the small reduction in their tensile strength. Shape memory behavior investigation reveals that, blends recover almost 95% of the applied deformation when heated at zero load and they recovered a stress of 1.8–3.2 MPa in constrained recovery during three consecutive thermomechanical cycles. The reported results on bioalloys promotes the usage in multidisciplinary field of intelligent devices, such as ergonomic grips and sports shields. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44794.
The impact of water management practices on subtropical pasture methane emissions and ecosystem service payments
Authors: Chamberlain Samuel D. , Groffman Peter M. , Boughton Elizabeth H. , Gomez‐Casanovas Nuria , DeLucia Evan H. , Bernacchi Carl J. , Sparks Jed P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPastures are an extensive land cover type; however, patterns in pasture greenhouse gas (GHG) exchange vary widely depending on climate and land management. Understanding this variation is important, as pastures may be a net GHG source or sink depending on these factors. We quantified carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes from subtropical pastures in south Florida for three wet‐dry seasonal cycles using eddy covariance, and estimated two annual budgets of CO2, CH4, and GHG equivalent emissions. We also estimated the impact of water retention practices on pasture GHG emissions and assessed the impact of these emissions on stakeholder payments for water retention services in a carbon market framework. The pastures were net CO2 sinks sequestering up to 163 ± 54 g CO2‐C·m−2·yr−1 (mean ± 95% CI), but were also strong CH4 sources emitting up to 23.5 ± 2.1 g CH4‐C·m−2·yr−1. Accounting for the increased global warming potential of CH4, the pastures were strong net GHG sources emitting up to 584 ± 78 g CO2‐C eq.·m−2·yr−1, and all CO2 uptake was offset by wet season CH4 emissions from the flooded landscape. Our analysis suggests that CH4 emissions due to increased flooding from water management practices is a small component of the pasture GHG budget, and water retention likely contributes 2–11% of net pasture GHG emissions. These emissions could reduce water retention payments by up to ~12% if stakeholders were required to pay for current GHG emissions in a carbon market. It would require at least 93.7 kg CH4‐C emissions per acre‐foot water storage (1 acre‐foot = 1233.48 m3) for carbon market costs to exceed water retention payments, and this scenario is highly unlikely as we estimate current practices are responsible for 11.3 ± 7.2 kg CH4‐C emissions per acre‐foot of water storage. Our results demonstrate that water retention practices aimed at reducing nutrient loading to the Everglades are likely only responsible for a minor increase in pasture GHG emissions and would have a small economic consequence in a carbon market.
Impact of sample preparation on physical quantification of filling fats and oils in fresh and stored chocolate
Authors: Rothkopf Isabell , Kind Janina , Zuber Johannes , Danzl Wolfgang , Ziegleder Gottfried 
Published: January 2017

Filling fat and oil migration in filled chocolate products often cause quality loss, such as fat bloom or changes in texture. Therefore, and due to legal restrictions, the detection and quantification of filling fats and oils in chocolate is of interest. Common methods are fatty acid or triacylglycerol (TAG) analysis by GC or HPLC. Additionally, NMR and DSC are used to evaluate migration especially in stored products. Using DSC, the melting and crystallization peak of a filling oil can be detected directly, while NMR turns the reduction of solid fat content (SFC) caused by filling fats and oils to account. However, fat and oil migration is not the only effect during storage, which might affect NMR and DSC measurements. Post‐crystallization is also of interest. Therefore, DSC and NMR methods were used to observe and to evaluate the detectable amount over time. Dark chocolate was mixed with hazelnut oil, butterfat, and coconut oil. Samples were stored and analyzed using NMR and DSC. Additionally, methods to destroy thermal history of the sample were investigated. We found that post‐crystallization, which occurs during the first 2 wk after production, has a major impact on detectability of filling fats and oils using physical methods. However, standardized sample preparation was successfully applied and amounts below 1 g per 100 g sample were detectable and amounts above 1–2 g were quantifiable with slender time and effort.Practical applications: Filling fat and oil migration during production and storage is a major problem with regards to product stability and shelf life. Especially filling migration during storage is reported to be an activator for fat bloom formation. Physical methods are a cost and time efficient way to control and adjust processing. Our results report sample preparation techniques to detect filling fats and oils in fresh and stored chocolate. This provides the possibility of large scale storage tests with focus on fat and oil migration.Fresh and stored dark chocolate was analyzed with regards to filling fat content using DSC and NMR. Impact of sample preparation on decision and determination limit was evaluated.
Characterising Uncertainty in the Assessment of Medical Devices and Determining Future Research Needs
Authors: Rothery Claire , Claxton Karl , Palmer Stephen , Epstein David , Tarricone Rosanna , Sculpher Mark 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDecisions about the adoption of medical interventions are informed by evidence on their costs and effects. For a range of reasons, evidence relating to medical devices may be limited. The decision to adopt a device early in its life cycle when the evidence base is least mature may impact on the prospects of acquiring further evidence to reduce uncertainties. Equally, rejecting a device will result in no uptake in practice and hence no chance to learn about performance. Decision options such as ‘only in research’ or ‘approval with research’ can overcome these issues by allowing patients early access to promising new technologies while limiting the risks associated with making incorrect decisions until more evidence or learning is established. In this paper, we set out the issues relating to uncertainty and the value of research specific to devices: learning curve effects, incremental device innovation, investment and irrecoverable costs, and dynamic pricing. We show the circumstances under which an only in research or approval with research scheme may be an appropriate policy choice. We also consider how the value of additional research might be shared between the manufacturer and health sector to help inform who might reasonably be expected to conduct the research needed. © 2017 The Authors.Health Economicspublished by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Challenges in the Assessment of Medical Devices: The MedtecHTA Project
Authors: Tarricone Rosanna , Torbica Aleksandra , Drummond Michael 
Published: January 2017

AbstractAssessing medical devices (MDs) raises challenges which require us to reflect on whether current methods are adequate. Major features of devices are: (i) device–operator interaction can generate learning curve effects; (ii) incremental nature of innovation needs to be addressed by careful identification of the alternatives for comparative and incremental cost‐effectiveness analysis; and (iii) broader organizational impact in terms of training and infrastructure, coupled with dynamic pricing, requires a more flexible approach to costing.The objective of the MedtecHTA project was to investigate improvements in HTA methods to allow for more comprehensive evaluation of MDs. It consisted of several work packages concerning (i) the available evidence on the currently adopted approaches for regulation and HTA of medical devices; (ii) the geographical variation in access to MDs; (iii) the development of methodological frameworks for conducting comparative effectiveness research and economic evaluation of MDs; and (iv) the organizational impact of MDs.This introductory paper summarizes the main results of the project and draws out the main overarching themes. This supplement represents a comprehensive report of all the main findings of the MedtecHTA project, and it is intended to be the main source for researchers and policy makers wanting information on the project. © 2017 The Authors. Health Economics published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prediction of drug‐induced liver injury using keratinocytes
Authors: Hirashima Rika , Itoh Tomoo , Tukey Robert H. , Fujiwara Ryoichi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractDrug‐induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the most common adverse drug reactions. DILI is often accompanied by skin reactions, including rash and pruritus. However, it is still unknown whether DILI‐associated genes such as S100 calcium‐binding protein A and interleukin (IL)‐1β are involved in drug‐induced skin toxicity. In the present study, most of the tested hepatotoxic drugs such as pioglitazone and diclofenac induced DILI‐associated genes in human and mouse keratinocytes. Keratinocytes of mice at higher risk for DILI exhibited an increased IL‐1β basal expression. They also showed a higher inducibility of IL‐1β when treated by pioglitazone. Mice at higher risk for DILI showed even higher sums of DILI‐associated gene basal expression levels and induction rates in keratinocytes. Our data suggest that DILI‐associated genes might be involved in the onset and progression of drug‐induced skin toxicity. Furthermore, we might be able to identify individuals at higher risk of developing DILI less invasively by examining gene expression patterns in keratinocytes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Substance use and depression in home visiting clients: Home visitor perspectives on addressing clients’ needs
Authors: Dauber Sarah , Ferayorni Frances , Henderson Craig , Hogue Aaron , Nugent Jessica , Alcantara Jeannette 
Published: January 2017

AbstractSubstance use and depression are prevalent among mothers enrolled in home visiting programs and are significant risk factors for child maltreatment, yet most home visiting programs are staffed by workers who lack the training and clinical skills to address these risks. Emanating from one state network's interest in advancing its practice in this area, the current study surveyed 159 home visitors on their current practices, training, knowledge, and perceived self‐efficacy, and perceived system‐ and client‐level barriers regarding client substance use and depression. Home visitors reported managing maternal depression more extensively than substance use, though overall management of both risk areas was low. More training was associated with more extensive management of both risk domains, as was greater home visitor knowledge and self‐efficacy. Implications for the development of strategies to improve home visitor management of client behavioral health risks, including enhanced skills‐based training and supervision, are discussed.
Raspberry ketone supplement promotes early sexual maturation in male Queensland fruit fly, Bactrocera tryoni (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Authors: Akter Humayra , Mendez Vivian , Morelli Renata , Pérez Jeanneth , Taylor Phillip W 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDRaspberry ketone (RK) is highly attractive to sexually mature, but not immature, males of many Bactrocera species, including Queensland fruit fly (‘Qfly’, Bactrocera tryoni), and acts as a metabolic enhancer in a wide diversity of animals. We considered the possibility that, as a metabolic enhancer, RK in adult diet might accelerate sexual maturation of male Qflies.RESULTSRecently emerged adult Qfly males (0–24 h old) were exposed to RK‐treated food for 48 h and were then provided only sugar and water. Four doses of RK (1.25, 2.5, 3.75 and 5%) along with control (0%) were tested with two types of food: sugar alone and sugar mixed with yeast hydrolysate (3:1). For flies tested when 4–10 days old all RK doses increased mating probability of flies fed sugar mixed with yeast hydrolysate but did not show any effect on mating probability of flies fed only sugar. No effects of RK were found for flies tested when 10–30 days old for either diet group. There was no evidence that RK affected longevity at any of the doses tested.CONCLUSIONFeeding of RK together with yeast hydrolysate to immature Qfly increases mating propensity at young ages and accordingly shows significant potential as a pre‐release supplement that might increase the proportion of released flies that attain sexual maturation in Sterile Insect Technique programmes. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Meeting the Aichi targets: Pushing for zero extinction conservation
Authors: Funk Stephan M. , Conde Dalia , Lamoreux John , Fa Julia E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractEffective protection of the ~19 000 IUCN-listed threatened species has never been more pressing. Ensuring the survival of the most vulnerable and irreplaceable taxa and places, such as those identified by the Alliance for Zero Extinction (AZE) species and their associated sites (AZEs&s), is an excellent opportunity to achieve the Aichi 2020 Targets T11 (protected areas) and T12 (preventing species extinctions). AZE taxa have small, single-site populations that are especially vulnerable to human-induced extinctions, particularly for the many amphibians. We show that AZEs&s can be protected feasibly and cost-effectively, but action is urgent. We argue that the Alliance, whose initial main aim was to identify AZEs&s, must be followed up by a second-generation initiative that directs and co-ordinates AZE conservation activities on the ground. The prominent role of zoos, conservation NGOs, and governmental institutions provides a combination of all-encompassing knowhow that can, if properly steered, maximize the long-term survival of AZEs&s.
Certification of clinical and translational researchers: An ill-conceived notion
Authors: Marantz Paul R. , Selker Harry P. , Meagher Emma A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe National Board of Medical Examiners (NBME) has instituted a new multiple choice examination in order to “certify” clinical and translational investigators. As experienced research educators, we argue that this certification process is unnecessary, values knowledge over competency, may be counter-productive, and is unlikely to achieve any worthwhile outcome. We lay out these arguments in the hope of stimulating a robust discussion among leaders, faculty, and learners engaged in clinical research education and training.
A Generalization of the Eisenstein–Dumas–Schönemann Irreducibility Criterion
Authors: Jhorar Bablesh , Khanduja Sudesh K. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn 2013, Weintraub gave a generalization of the classical Eisenstein irreducibility criterion in an attempt to correct a false claim made by Eisenstein. Using a different approach, we prove Weintraub's result with a weaker hypothesis in a more general setup that leads to an extension of the generalized Schönemann irreducibility criterion for polynomials with coefficients in arbitrary valued fields.
Convergent evidence for top-down effects from the “predictive brain”
Authors: O'Callaghan Claire , Kveraga Kestutis , Shine James M. , Adams Reginald B. , Bar Moshe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractModern conceptions of brain function consider the brain as a “predictive organ,” where learned regularities about the world are utilised to facilitate perception of incoming sensory input. Critically, this process hinges on a role for cognitive penetrability. We review a mechanism to explain this process and expand our previous proposals of cognitive penetrability in visual recognition to social vision and visual hallucinations.
Action valence and affective perception
Authors: Gerbino Walter , Fantoni Carlo 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRespecting all constraints proposed by Firestone & Scholl (F&S), we have shown that perceived facial expressions of emotion depend on the congruency between bodily action (comfort/discomfort) and target emotion (happiness/anger) valence. Our studies challenge any bold claim against penetrability of perception and suggest that perceptual theory can benefit from demonstrations of how – under controlled circumstances – observer's states can mold expressive qualities.
Behavior is multiply determined, and perception has multiple components: The case of moral perception
Authors: Gantman Ana P. , Van Bavel Jay J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe introduce two propositions for understanding top-down effects on perception. First, perception is not a unitary construct but is composed of multiple components. Second, behavior is multiply determined by cognitive processes. We call for a process-oriented research approach to perception and use our own research on moral perception as a “case study of case studies” to examine these issues.
Seeing and thinking: Foundational issues and empirical horizons
Authors: Firestone Chaz , Scholl Brian J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe spectacularly varied responses to our target article raised big-picture questions about the nature of seeing and thinking, nitty-gritty experimental design details, and everything in between. We grapple with these issues, including the ready falsifiability of our view, neuroscientific theories that allow everything but demand nothing, cases where seeing and thinking conflict, mental imagery, the free press, an El Greco fallacy fallacy, hallucinogenic drugs, blue bananas, subatomic particles, Boeing 787s, and the racial identities of geometric shapes.