bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aspirate from human stented saphenous vein grafts induces epicardial coronary vasoconstriction and impairs perfusion and left ventricular function in rat bioassay hearts with pharmacologically induced endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Lieder Helmut R. , Baars Theodor , Kahlert Philipp , Kleinbongard Petra 
Published: August 2016

AbstractStent implantation into aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts (SVG) releases particulate debris and soluble vasoactive mediators, for example, serotonin. We now analyzed effects of the soluble mediators released into the coronary arterial blood during stent implantation on vasomotion of isolated rat epicardial coronary artery segments and on coronary flow and left ventricular developed pressure in isolated perfused rat hearts. Coronary blood was retrieved during percutaneous SVG intervention using a distal occlusion/aspiration protection device in nine symptomatic patients with stable angina pectoris and a flow‐limiting SVG stenosis. The blood was separated into particulate debris and plasma. Responses to coronary plasma were determined in isolated rat epicardial coronary arteries and in isolated, constant pressure‐perfused rat hearts (±nitric oxide synthase [NOS] inhibition and ±serotonin receptor blockade, respectively). Coronary aspirate plasma taken after stent implantation induced a stronger vasoconstriction of rat epicardial coronary arteries (52 ± 8% of maximal potassium chloride induced vasoconstriction [% KClmax = 100%]) than plasma taken before stent implantation (12 ± 8% of KClmax); NOS inhibition augmented this vasoconstrictor response (to 110 ± 15% and 24 ± 9% of KClmax). Coronary aspirate plasma taken after stent implantation reduced in isolated perfused rat hearts only under NOS inhibition coronary flow by 17 ± 3% and left ventricular developed pressure by 25 ± 4%. Blockade of serotonin receptors abrogated these effects. Coronary aspirate plasma taken after stent implantation induces vasoconstriction in isolated rat epicardial coronary arteries and reduces coronary flow and left ventricular developed pressure in isolated perfused rat hearts with pharmacologically induced endothelial dysfunction.
Astaxanthin intake attenuates muscle atrophy caused by immobilization in rats
Authors: Shibaguchi Tsubasa , Yamaguchi Yusuke , Miyaji Nobuyuki , Yoshihara Toshinori , Naito Hisashi , Goto Katsumasa , Ohmori Daijiro , Yoshioka Toshitada , Sugiura Takao 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAstaxanthin is a carotenoid pigment and has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of oxidative damage. We tested the hypothesis that astaxanthin intake would attenuate immobilization‐induced muscle atrophy in rats. Male Wistar rats (14‐week old) were fed for 24 days with either astaxanthin or placebo diet. After 14 days of each experimental diet intake, the hindlimb muscles of one leg were immobilized in plantar flexion position using a plaster cast. Following 10 days of immobilization, both the atrophic and the contralateral plantaris muscles were removed and analyzed to determine the level of muscle atrophy along with measurement of the protein levels of CuZn‐superoxide dismutase (CuZn‐SOD) and selected proteases. Compared with placebo diet animals, the degree of muscle atrophy in response to immobilization was significantly reduced in astaxanthin diet animals. Further, astaxanthin supplementation significantly prevented the immobilization‐induced increase in the expression of CuZn‐SOD, cathepsin L, calpain, and ubiquitin in the atrophied muscle. These results support the postulate that dietary astaxanthin intake attenuates the rate of disuse muscle atrophy by inhibiting oxidative stress and proteolysis via three major proteolytic pathways.
Progress in Biomedical Knowledge Discovery: A 25-year Retrospective
Authors: Sacchi L. , Holmes J. H. 
Published: August 2016

Summary
Objectives: We sought to explore, via a systematic review of the literature, the state of the art of knowledge discovery in biomedical databases as it existed in 1992, and then now, 25 years later, mainly focused on supervised learning.
Methods: We performed a rigorous systematic search of PubMed and latent Dirichlet allocation to identify themes in the literature and trends in the science of knowledge discovery in and between time periods and compare these trends. We restricted the result set using a bracket of five years previous, such that the 1992 result set was restricted to articles published between 1987 and 1992, and the 2015 set between 2011 and 2015. This was to reflect the current literature available at the time to researchers and others at the target dates of 1992 and 2015. The search term was framed as: Knowledge Discovery OR Data Mining OR Pattern Discovery OR Pattern Recognition, Automated.
Results: A total 538 and 18,172 documents were retrieved for 1992 and 2015, respectively. The number and type of data sources increased dramatically over the observation period, primarily due to the advent of electronic clinical systems. The period 1992-2015 saw the emergence of new areas of research in knowledge discovery, and the refinement and application of machine learning approaches that were nascent or unknown in 1992.
Conclusions: Over the 25 years of the observation period, we identified numerous developments that impacted the science of knowledge discovery, including the availability of new forms of data, new machine learning algorithms, and new application domains.Through a bibliometric analysis we examine the striking changes in the availability of highly heterogeneous data resources, the evolution of new algorithmic approaches to knowledge discovery, and we consider from legal, social, and political perspectives possible explanations of the growth of the field. Finally, we reflect on the achievements of the past 25 years to consider what the next 25 years will bring with regard to the availability of even more complex data and to the methods that could be, and are being now developed for the discovery of new knowledge in biomedical data.
A Stakeholder Analysis of the KLIA2 Airport Terminal Project
Authors: Mohd Isa Nor Azlina , Abdul Hamid Norlida , Leong Tan Peck 
Published: August 2016

Managing an airport terminal project is complex, due to a large number of stakeholders involved. Airport stakeholders includes many organizations and individuals, making it a collaborative service environment. Stakeholder theory denotes that organization should strive to create value for all its stakeholders without the need to trade off. The purpose of this study is to identify the respondents to measure the collective perspectives of the klia2 airport terminal project. This is an overview of the literature relating to the stakeholder theory and identification of the stakeholders for an airport terminal project in general and specifically for the klia2 terminal.© 2016. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, MalaysiaKeywords: Stakeholder theory; Airport stakeholders; Airport terminal; Project management
Ability of a Urine Assay of Type II Collagen Cleavage by Collagenases to Detect Early Onset and Progression of Articular Cartilage Degeneration: Results from a Population-based Cohort Study
Authors: Poole A. Robin , Ha Nhuan , Bourdon Suzanne , Sayre Eric C. , Guermazi Ali , Cibere Jolanda 
Published: August 2016

Objective.To evaluate the association of a sandwich assay for cartilage collagenase-mediated degradation, the C2C human urine sandwich assay (IB-C2C-HUSA), with early and late knee cartilage pathology and with progression of cartilage damage.Methods.A population-based cohort with knee pain, age 40–79 years, was evaluated at baseline (n = 253) and after mean 3.3 years (n = 161). We evaluated the IB-C2C-HUSA and a related competitive inhibition assay (C2C). The C2C assay was applied to serum (sC2C) and urine (uC2C). Based on knee radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 3 subgroups [no cartilage pathology, preradiographic cartilage pathology, and radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA)] were evaluated cross-sectionally for association with biomarker levels. Longitudinally, we evaluated whether baseline assays predict subsequent progression of cartilage degeneration, defined by MRI cartilage loss.Results.Cross-sectionally, statistically significant differences were seen in the 3 subgroups for IB-C2C-HUSA (p < 0.001), with the highest levels seen in ROA, and for sC2C (p = 0.023), while no differences were seen for uC2C (p = 0.501). Baseline IB-C2C-HUSA levels were higher in progressors vs nonprogressors (p = 0.003). In logistic regression analysis, only baseline IB-C2C-HUSA was associated with an increased risk of progression of cartilage damage (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.03–3.09).Conclusion.The IB-C2C-HUSA degradation assay detects the generation of a pathology-related cartilage collagen peptide(s) that increase(s) with onset of degeneration of knee articular cartilage. The baseline values are associated with progression of cartilage degeneration over 3 subsequent years. This assay may have value in clinical OA trials. Further, it points to collagenase activity as a therapeutic target for controlling degeneration of articular cartilage.
Health State Utilities and Disease Duration in Systemic Sclerosis: Is There an Association?
Authors: Raymakers Adam J.N. , Tsao Nicole W. , Marra Carlo A. , Clements Philip J. , Khanna Dinesh 
Published: August 2016

Objective.Health state utility values (HSUV) are used as weightings to calculate quality-adjusted life years in economic evaluations. Evidence suggests that patients’ perceptions of a new diagnosis for a chronic disease, while initially poor, may improve over time. The objective of this study was to examine the association between disease duration and direct HSUV scores in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc).Methods.Our study included patients with SSc from a US SSc center. An interviewer administered direct HSUV techniques including the visual analog scale (VAS), time tradeoff (TTO), and standard gamble (SG). We calculated the Short Form 6D HSUV from the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36. Additional clinical and demographic variables were collected.Results.The mean age of the SSc sample (n = 223) was 51 years (SD 16) with the majority being women (84%). Median disease duration was 5 years (interquartile range 1.5–9). Mean (SD) HSUV scores were 0.67 (0.19) for the VAS, 0.76 (0.28) for the TTO, 0.84 (0.22) for the SG, and 0.65 (0.13) for the SF-6D. In patients with early disease (defined as ≤ 2 yrs, n = 78), the mean HSUV values were 0.64 (VAS), 0.70 (TTO), 0.80 (SG), and 0.63 (SF-6D) versus for those with a longer disease duration: 0.69, 0.79, 0.87, and 0.67, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the SG measure showed a significant and positive association with disease duration measured as a continuous variable and using a threshold of 2 years (p = 0.047 and p = 0.023, respectively).Conclusion.Greater disease duration showed a positive association with a direct measure (SG) of utility elicitation after a period of 2 years.
Induction of Th1-Biased T Follicular Helper (Tfh) Cells in Lymphoid Tissues during Chronic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Defines Functionally Distinct Germinal Center Tfh Cells
Authors: Velu Vijayakumar , Mylvaganam Geetha Hanna , Gangadhara Sailaja , Hong Jung Joo , Iyer Smita S. , Gumber Sanjeev , Ibegbu Chris C. , Villinger Francois , Amara Rama Rao 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Chronic HIV infection is associated with accumulation of germinal center (GC) T follicular helper (Tfh) cells in the lymphoid tissue. The GC Tfh cells can be heterogeneous based on the expression of chemokine receptors associated with T helper lineages, such as CXCR3 (Th1), CCR4 (Th2), and CCR6 (Th17). However, the heterogeneous nature of GC Tfh cells in the lymphoid tissue and its association with viral persistence and Ab production during chronic SIV/HIV infection are not known. To address this, we characterized the expression of CXCR3, CCR4, and CCR6 on GC Tfh cells in lymph nodes following SIVmac251 infection in rhesus macaques. In SIV-naive rhesus macaques, only a small fraction of GC Tfh cells expressed CXCR3, CCR4, and CCR6. However, during chronic SIV infection, the majority of GC Tfh cells expressed CXCR3, whereas the proportion of CCR4+ cells did not change, and CCR6+ cells decreased. CXCR3+, but not CXCR3−, GC Tfh cells produced IFN-γ (Th1 cytokine) and IL-21 (Tfh cytokine), whereas both subsets expressed CD40L following stimulation. Immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated an accumulation of CD4+IFN-γ+ T cells within the hyperplastic follicles during chronic SIV infection. CXCR3+ GC Tfh cells also expressed higher levels of ICOS, CCR5, and α4β7 and contained more copies of SIV DNA compared with CXCR3− GC Tfh cells. However, CXCR3+ and CXCR3− GC Tfh cells delivered help to B cells in vitro for production of IgG. These data demonstrate that chronic SIV infection promotes expansion of Th1-biased GC Tfh cells, which are phenotypically and functionally distinct from conventional GC Tfh cells and contribute to hypergammaglobulinemia and viral reservoirs.
Innate Invariant NKT Cell Recognition of HIV-1–Infected Dendritic Cells Is an Early Detection Mechanism Targeted by Viral Immune Evasion
Authors: Paquin-Proulx Dominic , Gibbs Anna , Bächle Susanna M. , Checa Antonio , Introini Andrea , Leeansyah Edwin , Wheelock Craig E. , Nixon Douglas F. , Broliden Kristina , Tjernlund Annelie , Moll Markus , Sandberg Johan K. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Invariant NKT (iNKT) cells are innate-like T cells that respond rapidly with a broad range of effector functions upon recognition of glycolipid Ags presented by CD1d. HIV-1 carries Nef- and Vpu-dependent mechanisms to interfere with CD1d surface expression, indirectly suggesting a role for iNKT cells in control of HIV-1 infection. In this study, we investigated whether iNKT cells can participate in the innate cell–mediated immune response to HIV-1. Infection of dendritic cells (DCs) with Nef- and Vpu-deficient HIV-1 induced upregulation of CD1d in a TLR7-dependent manner. Infection of DCs caused modulation of enzymes in the sphingolipid pathway and enhanced expression of the endogenous glucosylceramide Ag. Importantly, iNKT cells responded specifically to rare DCs productively infected with Nef- and Vpu-defective HIV-1. Transmitted founder viral isolates differed in their CD1d downregulation capacity, suggesting that diverse strains may be differentially successful in inhibiting this pathway. Furthermore, both iNKT cells and DCs expressing CD1d and HIV receptors resided in the female genital mucosa, a site where HIV-1 transmission occurs. Taken together, these findings suggest that innate iNKT cell sensing of HIV-1 infection in DCs is an early immune detection mechanism, which is independent of priming and adaptive recognition of viral Ag, and is actively targeted by Nef- and Vpu-dependent viral immune evasion mechanisms.
Short communication: Automated testing of accelerometer transverse
sensitivity with a flexure-based XY compliant stage
Authors: Li Tiemin , Du Yunsong , Ji Wei , Liu Zhihua , Cai Chenguang 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This paper presents the automated testing of accelerometer transverse sensitivity with a flexure-based compliant stage which can provide vibration on the XY plane. An experimental platform is set up, and the circular tracking error is first obtained to verify the feasibility of the stage. The transverse sensitivity of a three-axis piezoelectric accelerometer is subsequently tested, and it is below 3 %. The difference of the transverse sensitivity under various frequencies is 0.4 %, while the difference of measured direction angle is 2.49, which validates the accuracy of the proposed method.
Association of cytochrome P450 2A6 polymorphism, anxiety, and environmental factors with cigarette smoking by Thai adults
Authors: Buathong Napakkawat , Kalayasiri Rasmon , Chaliyavilaskul Pajaree , Phetnoi Khwanruan , Ratananupong Thanapoom 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

Background
The effects and associations of genetic variation, psychological, and environment factors associated with cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence remain largely unknown.

Objective
To determine the influence and association of functional genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6), anxiety, and environmental factors on cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence.

Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand between October 2014 and June 2015. We recruited 127 Thai adult smokers when they visited for an annual physical check-up. Participants completed questionnaires regarding demographic characteristics, The Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, and The Thai Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Blood was collected for CYP2A6 genotyping to determine the enzyme metabolism level/group.

Results
Factors associated with significantly greater cigarette consumption were age and being ultrarapid/ extensive metabolizers (UM/EM). Anxiety and smoking by household family members were significantly associated with the degree of nicotine dependence. We observed associations between severe nicotine dependence and genotype (UM/EM) and age (b = 0.037; P = 0.005), intermediate metabolizers (IM) and age (b = 0.031; P = 0.43), UM/EM and anxiety (b = 0.258; P < 0.001), IM and anxiety (b = 0.285; P < 0.001), UM/EM and household smoking in the family members (b = 1.427; P = 0.003), and IM and smoking by household family members (b = 1.293; P = 0.024).

Conclusions
Information regarding the association between the gene encoding enzyme metabolism, anxiety, and their interactions may be beneficial for selecting treatment choices for smoking cessation for individual genotypic metabolizers.
Examining Capacity within the Local Food Economy: Lessons Learned from the Appalachian Region in Mississippi
Authors: Holland Joseph “Jody” 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Recent federal funding has increased research and capacity building efforts that concentrate on developing sustainable local food systems. Drawing from capacity building approaches, I proposed a multi-level, multi-discipline project to promote economic development by examining the capacity of the local food system. The Appalachian Regional Commission funded the project. This article reports on the findings from this project. Using field notes, semi-structured interviews, and focus groups, I determined capacity deficiencies in the local food system in the Appalachian region in Mississippi. The findings suggest that local infrastructure is piecemealed, and the fragmentation in the system creates major coordination issues for policy implementation. Also, education and training are concerns, as well as public policy within the region. Although major capacity issues were exposed in the local food system, this exploratory research created an environment for solutions to emerge that may move the local food economy forward.
Oral Health in Appalachia: Regional, State, Sub-State, and National Comparisons
Authors: Krause Denise D. , Cossman Jeralynn S. , May Warren L. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
This study compares oral health measures within Appalachia, Appalachian states, and the rest of the United States to determine which geographic areas experienced the poorest oral health. We aggregated oral health indicators from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to estimate prevalence of poor oral health indicators between Appalachian and non-Appalachian regions, as well as metropolitan and non-metropolitan differences within regions. Regional, state, sub-state, and national comparisons of oral health indicators and determinants of health are reported. Central and southern Appalachian regions (based on geographical description, not ARC designation) experienced poorer oral health than northern Appalachia. Mississippi and West Virginia scored especially low in oral health indicators. Oral health indicators were significantly worse in non-metropolitan areas of Appalachian states than in metropolitan areas, and all oral health measures were significantly worse in metropolitan areas of Appalachia than in metropolitan areas across the United States. However, Appalachian non-metropolitan residents were no more or less likely to have had a dental visit than non-metropolitan residents across the United States. It is important to emphasize that not all of Appalachia experiences poor oral health outcomes. While areas of Appalachia had some of the poorest oral health outcomes in the nation, other areas had better outcomes than poor rural areas in other states.
The Uses and Misuses of Appalachian Culture
Authors: Obermiller Phillip J. , Maloney Michael E. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The facile use of “Appalachian culture” in much thinking and writing does no service to the region or its people. This article offers a critique of static conceptions of Appalachian culture and argues for a more dynamic and flexible approach. After examining its own suppositions, this essay concludes that, in lieu of frequent allusions to “Appalachian culture,” more attention should be paid to the multiple heritages Appalachians enjoy and the contemporary identities they are creating.
Flexibility of Iranian Teachers Teaching Methods and High School Students’ Gains
Authors: Mohammadi Mehdi , Ahmadipour Naeimeh , Kouhdasht Reza Norouzi , Bordbar Najmeh 
Published: August 2016

The teaching skills are the key element for all teachers. The main objective of this descriptive study was to investigate the relationship between Flexibility of Iranian Teachers Teaching Methods and High school Students’ emotional, social and intellectual gains as a model. The study population included all Shiraz high schools teachers and their students. By stratified random sampling, 100 teachers and for each of them, 4 students were selected. Data instruments were flexible personal style questionnaires (Taggart & Hausladen, 1993) and students gains subscale of college student experiences questionnaire (Kuh & pace, 2002). After measurement of validity and reliability of instruments, they were distributed among sample and data was collected. Data was analyzed by inferential statistical methods included Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. The results showed that: 1. There is a relationship between teachers’ intuitive and logical teaching style and student gains. 2. The intuitive teaching style of teachers is stronger predictor of student gains.
AOAC INTERNATIONAL's Technical Division on Reference Materials (TDRM) Reference Materials Database
Authors: Zink Donna 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The Technical Division on Reference Materials (TDRM) of AOAC INTERNATIONAL recommends policy and criteria to facilitate the development and use of reference materials (RMs) in the validation, implementation, and routine use of AOAC INTERNATIONAL methods. To aid analysts in these areas, TDRM has developed a searchable online database to identify RMs suitable for use with AOAC Official Methods of AnalysisSM (OMA). RMs can be queried by analyte, by analyte and matrix, or by the selection of an OMA, based on analytes and matrixes described within the scope of the selected method. Only essential information is included in the database, to maximize usefulness and minimize the effort required to keep information current. Additional information, such as measurement uncertainty and purchasing instructions, is available through a link to the producer's Web site, when that information is available online. Data sets are solicited on a voluntary basis from National Metrology Institutes and accredited producers. Consideration of ease-of-use and ease-of-operation is a guiding principle in this database, as is cost management.