bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitric oxide regulates homeoprotein OTX1 and OTX2 expression in the rat myenteric plexus after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Filpa Viviana , Carpanese Elisa , Marchet Silvia , Pirrone Cristina , Conti Andrea , Rainero Alessia , Moro Elisabetta , Chiaravalli Anna Maria , Zucchi Ileana , Moriondo Andrea , Negrini Daniela , Crema Francesca , Frigo Gianmario , Giaroni Cristina , Porta Giovanni 
Published: February 2017

Neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS) play a protective and damaging role, respectively, on the intestinal neuromuscular function after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. To uncover the molecular pathways underlying this dichotomy we investigated their possible correlation with the orthodenticle homeobox proteins OTX1 and OTX2 in the rat small intestine myenteric plexus after in vivo I/R. Homeobox genes are fundamental for the regulation of the gut wall homeostasis both during development and in pathological conditions (inflammation, cancer). I/R injury was induced by temporary clamping the superior mesenteric artery under anesthesia, followed by 24 and 48 h of reperfusion. At 48 h after I/R intestinal transit decreased and was further reduced by Nω-propyl-l-arginine hydrochloride (NPLA), a nNOS-selective inhibitor. By contrast this parameter was restored to control values by 1400W, an iNOS-selective inhibitor. In longitudinal muscle myenteric plexus (LMMP) preparations, iNOS, OTX1, and OTX2 mRNA and protein levels increased at 24 and 48 h after I/R. At both time periods, the number of iNOS- and OTX-immunopositive myenteric neurons increased. nNOS mRNA, protein levels, and neurons were unchanged. In LMMPs, OTX1 and OTX2 mRNA and protein upregulation was reduced by 1400W and NPLA, respectively. In myenteric ganglia, OTX1 and OTX2 staining was superimposed with that of iNOS and nNOS, respectively. Thus in myenteric ganglia iNOS- and nNOS-derived NO may promote OTX1 and OTX2 upregulation, respectively. We hypothesize that the neurodamaging and neuroprotective roles of iNOS and nNOS during I/R injury in the gut may involve corresponding activation of molecular pathways downstream of OTX1 and OTX2.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury induces relevant alterations in myenteric neurons leading to dismotility. Nitrergic neurons seem to be selectively involved. In the present study the inference that both neuronal and inducible nitric oxide synthase (nNOS and iNOS) expressing myenteric neurons may undergo important changes sustaining derangements of motor function is reinforced. In addition, we provide data to suggest that NO produced by iNOS and nNOS regulates the expression of the vital transcription factors orthodenticle homeobox protein 1 and 2 during an I/R damage.
NLRP3 (Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain–Like Receptor Family, Pyrin Domain Containing 3)–Caspase-1 Inflammasome Degrades Contractile Proteins
Authors: Wu Darrell , Ren Pingping , Zheng Yanqiu , Zhang Lin , Xu Gaiping , Xie Wanmu , Lloyd Eric E. , Zhang Sui , Zhang Qianzi , Curci John A. , Coselli Joseph S. , Milewicz Dianna M. , Shen Ying H. , LeMaire Scott A. 
Published: February 2017

Objective—
Increasing evidence suggests that contractile dysfunction in smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a critical role in aortic biomechanical dysfunction and aortic aneurysm and dissection (AAD) development. However, the mechanisms underlying SMC contractile dysfunction in sporadic AAD are poorly understood. In this study, we examined the role of the NLRP3 (nucleotide oligomerization domain–like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3)–caspase-1 inflammasome, a key inflammatory cascade, in SMC contractile dysfunction in AAD.

Approach and Results—

We observed significant SMC contractile protein degradation in aortas from patients with sporadic thoracic AAD. The contractile protein degradation was associated with activation of the NLRP3–caspase-1 inflammasome cascade. In SMCs, caspase-1 bound and directly cleaved and degraded contractile proteins, leading to contractile dysfunction. Furthermore,
Nlrp3
or
caspase-1
deficiency in mice significantly reduced angiotensin II–induced contractile protein degradation, biomechanical dysfunction, and AAD formation in both thoracic and abdominal aortas. Finally, blocking this cascade with the inflammasome inhibitor, glyburide (an antidiabetic medication), reduced angiotensin II–induced AAD formation.

Conclusions—
Inflammasome-caspase-1–mediated degradation of SMC contractile proteins may contribute to aortic biomechanical dysfunction and AAD development. This cascade may be a therapeutic target in AAD formation. In addition, glyburide may have protective effects against AAD development.
Inflammatory cytokine response and cardiac troponin I changes in cardiopulmonary bypass using two cardioplegia solutions; del Nido and modified St. Thomas’: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Gorjipour Farhad , Dehaki Maziar Gholampour , Totonchi Ziae , Hajimiresmaiel Seyed Javad , Azarfarin Rasoul , Pazoki-toroudi Hamidreza , Mahdavi Mohammad , Korbi Mahtab , Dehaki Mahyar Gholampour , Soltani Behrouz , Gorjipour Fazel 
Published: February 2017

Background: Long intervals of del Nido (DN) solution administration, 90 minutes, may result in rewarming of the myocardial tissue and elevate metabolic demand and hypoxia. This will potentially increase inflammatory response due to ischemia-reperfusion injury. We conducted this study to compare the inflammatory response between patients receiving DN and multi-dose St Thomas’ cardioplegia solution (MST) in cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) surgery for the correction of tetralogy of Fallot (TF). Methods: Fifty-nine pediatric patients undergoing TF total correction surgery were randomly assigned into two groups: DN and MST. The patients’ demographic data, blood chemistry parameters, hemodynamics and other clinical variables were recorded. TNF-a, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and cTnI were measured after anesthesia induction (before skin incision), immediately after cross-clamp removal and 24 hours after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Results: Thirty-two patients of a mean age of 28.0±16.4 months received DN and 27 patients of a mean age of 24.2±15.9 months received MST. Perioperative clinical parameters were not significantly different between the two groups. Cytokine levels for all patients were significantly increased after surgery. Inter-group comparisons of cytokine levels demonstrated no significant differences in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 cytokines levels. IL-10 level showed a moderately significant increase in the MST group compared to the DN group after surgery (2.94±0.9 vs. 2.46±0.61 log10 pg/mL, respectively; p=0.039). Postoperative lactate level was significantly different between two groups (2.475±1.29 vs 1.63±0.82 mg/dL in DN and MST groups, respectively; p=0.007). CTnI levels increased after surgery and remained constant until 24 hours after surgery. Significant differences between the MST and DN groups, at all times, were not detected. Conclusions: The anti-inflammatory cytokine response in the MST group is significantly better than in the DN group. This may be due to shorter intervals of the MST cardioplegia solution administration, which prevents rewarming of the myocardium, increased metabolic demand and hypoxia. Decreasing the intervals of DN administration may improve its cardioprotective properties.
Changes in Lower Extremity Kinematics and Temporal Parameters of Adolescent Baseball Pitchers During an Extended Pitching Bout
Authors: Kung Stacey M. , Shultz Sarah P. , Kontaxis Andreas , Kraszewski Andrew P. , Gibbons Mandi W. , Backus Sherry I. , Fink Philip W. , Fealy Stephen , Hillstrom Howard J. 
Published: February 2017

Background: Few studies have investigated detailed 3-dimensional lower extremity kinematics during baseball pitching in adolescent athletes during extended play. Changes in these parameters may affect performance outcomes. Purpose: To investigate whether adolescent baseball pitchers experience changes in lower extremity kinematics and event timing during a simulated game-length pitching bout. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Twelve male adolescent pitchers (aged 14-16 years) threw 6 sets of 15 fastball pitches from an artificial pitching mound to a target at regulation distance. Joint angles and angular velocities at the hip, knee, and ankle of both legs were collected throughout the phases of the pitching cycle as well as stride length, pelvis orientation, pitch duration, timing of foot contact and ball release, ball speed, and pitching accuracy. Paired t tests ( P < .05) were used to compare the dependent variables between the last 5 pitches of the second (baseline) and sixth (final) sets. Results: During the stride phase, decreased maximum angular excursions for hip extension (baseline: 14.7° ± 9.8°; final: 11.6° ± 10.3°; P < .05) and ankle plantar flexion (baseline: 30.2° ± 14.5°; final: 24.2° ± 15.3°; P < .05) as well as maximum angular velocity for knee extension (baseline: 144.9 ± 63.3 deg·s−1; final: 121.7 ± 62.0 deg·s−1; P < .05) were observed between sets in the trailing leg. At foot contact, pitchers had decreased hip flexion (baseline: 69.5° ± 10.1°; final: 66.5° ± 11.8°; P < .05) and increased hip abduction (baseline: 20.7° ± 8.9°; final: 25.4° ± 6.0°; P < .05) in the leading leg in the final set. Compared with the baseline set, ball speed significantly decreased in the final set (29.5 ± 2.5 m·s−1 vs 28.3 ± 2.5 m·s−1, respectively; P < .05). Conclusion: Kinematic changes and decreased ball speeds observed in the final set suggest that adolescent pitchers are unable to maintain lower extremity kinematics and performance as a result of extended play. Clinical Relevance: The results from this study may warrant further investigation into how altered lower extremity kinematics may affect trunk and upper extremity function, performance, and risk of injuries during pitching in adolescent athletes, particularly during actual game play.
Nested Peripheralisation
Authors: Pfoser Alena 
Published: February 2017

This article is part of the special section titled Recursive Easts, Shifting Peripheries, guest edited by Pamela Ballinger. The break-up of the Cold War order, the eastwards expansion of the European Union into former socialist countries and the more recent economic and humanitarian crises have led to the emergence of new symbolic borders and the reconfiguration of spatial hierarchies within Europe. The article shows how metageographical categories of “Europe,” “East,” and “West” and underlying classificatory logics are not only circulated in geopolitical discourses but can be appropriated by ordinary citizens in their everyday life. Using the Russian–Estonian border as a case study, the article examines the recursive negotiations of Europe’s East–West border by people living in the borderland as a response to the geopolitical changes. It highlights three border narratives: the narrative of becoming peripheral/Eastern, the narrative of becoming European, and a narrative contesting the East–West hierarchy by associating the East and one’s own identity with positive things. On both sides of the border, the status as a new periphery does not create unity across the border but rather results in multiple and competing border narratives, in which “Europe” functions as an unstable referent in relation to which one’s position is marked out. This “nested peripheralisation” at Europe’s new margins reflects power relations and uneven local experiences of transformation.
Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Guide Focus Group Development of Messages Aimed at Increasing Compliance With a Tobacco-Free Policy
Authors: Record Rachael A. , Harrington Nancy G. , Helme Donald W. , Savage Matthew W. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose: This study details the persuasive message development for a theory-based campaign designed to increase compliance with a university’s tobacco-free policy. Approach: The theory of planned behavior (TPB) guided message design and evaluation for focus group–tested messages that were adapted to the context of complying with a tobacco-free policy. Setting: The study was conducted at a university located in the tobacco belt. Participants: Undergraduate focus group participants (n = 65) were mostly male (69%), white (82%), and freshman (62%) who smoked at least 1 cigarette in the last 30 days; on-campus smoking percentages were never/rare (60%), occasionally (23%), and often/frequently (16%). Method: Data analysis used a theoretical thematic approach to identify how the TPB constructs related to perceptions of message effectiveness. Results: Participants responded favorably to attitudinal strategies about health, respect, and university figures; they rejected approaches they considered juvenile and offensive. They also discussed the impact of noncompliance and avoiding overgeneralized statements for addressing subjective norms, suggesting shortening text, adjusting picture location, and emphasizing the importance of compliance to increase perceptions of behavioral control. Conclusion: Applying theory to preexisting messages is challenging. The design approach in this study is an evidence-based strategy that can be used as a universal process for message adaptation. Results offer health promotion suggestions for designing messages aimed at improving undergraduate smokers’ willingness to comply with tobacco-free campus policies.
Randomized Controlled Trial on Effect of Intermittent Early Versus Late Kangaroo Mother Care on Human Milk Feeding in Low-Birth-Weight Neonates
Authors: Jayaraman Dhaarani , Mukhopadhyay Kanya , Bhalla Anil Kumar , Dhaliwal Lakhbir Kaur 
Published: February 2017

Background: Breastfeeding at discharge among sick low-birth-weight (LBW) infants is low despite counseling and intervention like kangaroo mother care (KMC). Research aim: The aim was to study the effects of early initiation of KMC on exclusive human milk feeding, growth, mortality, and morbidities in LBW neonates compared with late initiation of KMC during the hospital stay and postdischarge. Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted in level 2 and 3 areas of a tertiary care neonatal unit over 15 months. Inborn neonates weighing 1 to 1.8 kg and hemodynamically stable were randomized to receive either early KMC, initiated within the first 4 days of life, or late KMC (off respiratory support and intravenous fluids). Follow-up was until 1 month postdischarge. Outcomes were proportion of infants achieving exclusive human milk feeding and direct breastfeeding, growth, mortality and morbidities during hospital stay, and postdischarge feeding and KMC practices until 1 month. Results: The early KMC group ( n = 80) achieved significantly higher exclusive human milk feeding (86% vs. 45%, p < .001) and direct breastfeeding (49% vs. 30%, p = .021) in hospital and almost exclusive human milk feeding (73% vs. 36%, p < .001) until 1 month postdischarge than the late KMC group ( n = 80). The incidence of apnea (11.9% vs. 20%, p = .027) and recurrent apnea requiring ventilation (8.8% vs. 15%, p = .02) were significantly reduced in the early KMC group. There was no significant difference in mortality, morbidities, and growth during the hospital stay and postdischarge. Conclusion: Early KMC significantly increased exclusive human milk feeding and direct breastfeeding in LBW infants.
Long-memory Modelling and Forecasting of the Returns and Volatility of Exchange-traded Notes (ETNs)
Authors: Masa Argel S. , Diaz John Francis T. 
Published: February 2017

This research provides evidence in determining the predictability of exchange-traded notes (ETNs). It utilises commodity, currency and equity ETNs as data samples, and examines the performance of the three combinations of long-memory models, that is, autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average and generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARFIMA-GARCH), autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average and fractionally integrated generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARFIMA-FIGARCH) and autoregressive fractionally integrated moving average and hyperbolic generalised autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARFIMA-HYGARCH), and three forecasting horizons, that is, 1-, 5- and 20-step-ahead horizons, to model ETNs returns and volatilities. The article finds long-memory processes in ETNs; however, dual long-memory process in returns and volatilities is not verified. The research also poses a challenge to the weak-form efficiency hypothesis of Fama (1970) because lagged changes determine future values, especially in volatility. The findings also show that differences in the characteristics of commodity, currency and equity ETNs are not concluded because of similarities in ETN traits and several insignificant results. However, the presence of intermediate memory was identified, and should serve as a warning sign for investors not to keep these investments in the long run. Lastly, the ARFIMA-FIGARCH model has a slight edge over the ARFIMA-GARCH and ARFIMA-HYGARCH specifications using 1-, 5- and 20-forecast horizons. JEL Classification: G11, G17
Multimodal non-surgical treatment of a feline tracheal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Azevedo Carolina , Brawner William , Schleis Lindley Stephanie , Smith Annette 
Published: February 2017

Case summary A 10-year-old, castrated male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 2–3 month history of weight loss, lethargy and coughing. Thoracic radiographs revealed a soft tissue opacity overlying the dorsal trachea from the first rib to second rib and the ventral aspect of the trachea extending from the second rib to approximately the fourth rib. CT confirmed a mass involving the dorsal, right lateral and ventral aspects of the trachea narrowing the lumen and extending from vertebra C7 through T4. Bronchoscopy revealed a partially circumferential irregular and multilobulated tracheal mass, which was biopsied. The histopathological diagnosis was tracheal adenocarcinoma. The cat was treated with a definitive course of external beam radiation therapy (RT; 3 Gy × 18), cytotoxic chemotherapy, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and palliative RT. The cat remained asymptomatic for 2 months and the mass remained stable radiographically for 11 months after RT. Relevance and novel information With multimodal treatment the cat had a survival time of 755 days. Initial treatment included definitive RT, carboplatin and piroxicam, followed by toceranib phosphate and palliative RT when the mass recurred. This case report describes the first documented use of non-surgical treatment and long-term outcome of tracheal adenocarcinoma in a cat. This case report is an indication that prolonged survival can be achieved with multimodal therapy.
Targeted inhibition of the MAPK pathway: emerging salvage option for progressive life-threatening multisystem LCH
Authors: Kolenová Alexandra , Schwentner Raphaela , Jug Gunhild , Simonitsch-Klupp Ingrid , Kornauth Christoph , Plank Lukáš , Horáková Júlia , Bodová Ivana , Sýkora Tomáš , Geczová Lucia , Holter Wolfgang , Minkov Milen , Hutter Caroline 
Published: February 2017

Key Points
Single-agent vemurafenib leads to a rapid and sustained clinical response in severe multisystem LCH but does not eradicate the disease. Longitudinal assessment of BRAF V600E during treatment shows that clinical remission can occur despite significant amounts of mutated BRAF.
Complete genome sequence of Jiangella gansuensis strain YIM 002T (DSM 44835T), the type species of the genus Jiangella and source of new antibiotic compounds
Authors: Jiao Jian-Yu , Carro Lorena , Liu Lan , Gao Xiao-Yang , Zhang Xiao-Tong , Hozzein Wael N. , Lapidus Alla , Huntemann Marcel , Reddy T. B. K. , Varghese Neha , Hadjithomas Michalis , Ivanova Natalia N. , Göker Markus , Pillay Manoj , Eisen Jonathan A. , Woyke Tanja , Klenk Hans-Peter , Kyrpides Nikos C. , Li Wen-Jun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractJiangella gansuensis strain YIM 002T is the type strain of the type species of the genus Jiangella, which is at the present time composed of five species, and was isolated from desert soil sample in Gansu Province (China). The five strains of this genus are clustered in a monophyletic group when closer actinobacterial genera are used to infer a 16S rRNA gene sequence phylogeny. The study of this genome is part of the GenomicEncyclopedia ofBacteria andArchaea project, and here we describe the complete genome sequence and annotation of this taxon. The genome of J. gansuensis strain YIM 002T contains a single scaffold of size 5,585,780 bp, which involves 149 pseudogenes, 4905 protein-coding genes and 50 RNA genes, including 2520 hypothetical proteins and 4 rRNA genes. From the investigation of genome sizes of Jiangella species, J. gansuensis shows a smaller size, which indicates this strain might have discarded too much genetic information to adapt to desert environment. Seven new compounds from this bacterium have recently been described; however, its potential should be higher, as secondary metabolite gene cluster analysis predicted 60 gene clusters, including the potential to produce the pristinamycin.
Mask – ArtsCross/Danscross London
Authors: Lei Guo 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The culture of Nuo is a kind of culture symbol, which is also a worldwide ancient folk art. In my hometown in Jiangxi, China, Nuo dance has been handed down for generations. For this reason, I hope to utilize the platform of ArtsCross/Danscross to present the world with this ancient culture. It is truly representative of the view of life and the universe in the minds of Chinese people. This is the creative motivation of Mask, which is based on the elements of Nuo dance. My intention is to ponder the ancient Nuo culture in terms of the creation of Mask – what is the perception of affiliation or the real demand of humanity that lies behind the masks?
Dancing with the sound of birds: Atmospheres and translation in ArtsCross/Danscross
Authors: Welton Martin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In this article I consider three instances of the extra-linguistic translation of embodiment, affect and aesthetics in the context of intercultural performance during the ArtsCross/Danscross project between 2011 and 2013. Drawing on Francois Jullien’s proposition that cultural knowledges might be considered in respect of ‘divergence’ rather than ‘difference’, I draw together Western phenomenologies of atmosphere with Chinese aesthetics to examine movement among bodies as atmospheric currents. Through close readings of instances of translation as it relates to dance practice in rehearsals for Bulareyaung Pagarlava’s Uncertain… Waiting… (2011), Liu Yan’s Say to Him (2012) and Riccardo Buscarini’s No Lander (2013), I argue that attention to the affective aesthetics of atmosphere allows for an understanding of how intercultural performance projects such as ArtsCross/Danscross model modes of ‘feeling together, differently’.