bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study of the effect of the intrusion arch and straight wire mechanics on incisor root resorption: A randomized, controlled trial
Authors: de Almeida Marcio Rodrigues , Marçal Aline Siqueira Butzke , Fernandes Thais Maria Freire , Vasconcelos Juliana Brito , de Almeida Renato Rodrigues , Nanda Ravindra 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTObjective:To analyze and compare external apical root resorption (EARR) of maxillary incisors treated by intrusion arch or continuous archwire mechanics.Materials and Methods:This cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) study analyzed 28 deep bite patients in the permanent dentition who were randomly divided into two groups: Group 1, 12 patients with initial mean age of 15.1 ± 1.6 years and mean overbite of 4.6 ± 1.2 mm treated with the Connecticut intrusion arch (CIA) in the upper arch (Ortho Organizers, Carlsbad, Calif) for a mean period of 5.8 ± 1.27 months. Group 2, 16 patients with initial mean age of 22.1 ± 5.7 years and mean overbite of 4.1 ± 1.1 mm treated with conventional leveling and alignment using continuous archwire mechanics for 6.1 ± 0.81 months. The degree of EARR was detected in 112 maxillary incisors by using CBCT scans and a three-dimensional program (Dolphin 11.7, Dolphin Imaging & Management Solutions, Chatsworth, Calif). The CBCT scans were obtained before (T1) and 6 months after initiation of treatment (T2). Differences between and within groups were assessed by nonpaired and paired t-tests, respectively, with a 5% significance level.Results:Significant differences were found for both groups between T1 and T2 (P &lt; .05) indicating that EARR occurred in both groups. However, there were no significant differences when EARR was compared between group 1 (−0.76 mm) and group 2 (−0.59 mm).Conclusions:The Connecticut intrusion arch did not lead to greater EARR of maxillary incisors when compared with conventional orthodontic mechanics.
Short- and Long-term Prognosis of Patients With Acute Heart Failure With and Without Diabetes: Changes Over the Last Three Decades
Authors: van den Berge Jan C. , Constantinescu Alina A. , Boiten Hendrik J. , van Domburg Ron T. , Deckers Jaap W. , Akkerhuis K. Martijn 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
We studied differences in long-term (i.e., 10 year) prognosis among patients with acute heart failure (HF) with and without diabetes over the last three decades. In addition, we investigated whether the degree of prognostic improvement in that period was comparable between patients with and without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
This prospective registry included all consecutive patients aged 18 years and older admitted to the Intensive Coronary Care Unit with acute HF in the period of 1985–2008. A total of 1,810 patients were included; 384 patients (21%) had diabetes. The outcome measure was the composite of all-cause mortality, heart transplantation, and left ventricular assist device implantation after 10-year follow-up.

RESULTS
The 10-year outcome in patients with diabetes was significantly worse than in those without diabetes (87% vs. 76%; adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.17 [95% CI 1.02–1.33]). Patients admitted in the last decade had a significantly lower 10-year event rate than patients admitted in the first two decades, both among patients without diabetes (adjusted HR 0.86 [95% CI 0.75–0.99]) and patients with diabetes (adjusted HR 0.80 [95% CI 0.63–1.00]).

CONCLUSIONS
The long-term outcome of patients with diabetes is worse than that of patients without diabetes. However, the long-term prognosis improved over time in both groups. Importantly, this improvement in long-term prognosis was comparable in patients with and without diabetes. Despite these promising results, more awareness for diabetes in patients with acute HF is necessary and there is still need for optimal treatment of diabetes in acute HF.
Mortality Reduction Associated With β-Adrenoceptor Inhibition in Chronic Heart Failure Is Greater in Patients With Diabetes
Authors: Witte Klaus K. , Drozd Michael , Walker Andrew M.N. , Patel Peysh A. , Kearney Jessica C. , Chapman Sally , Sapsford Robert J. , Gierula John , Paton Maria F. , Lowry Judith , Kearney Mark T. , Cubbon Richard M. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVE
Diabetes increases mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Studies have questioned the safety of β-adrenoceptor blockers (β-blockers) in some patients with diabetes and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. We examined whether β-blockers and ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) are associated with differential effects on mortality in CHF patients with and without diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1,797 patients with CHF recruited between 2006 and 2014, with mean follow-up of 4 years. β-Blocker dose was expressed as the equivalent dose of bisoprolol (mg/day) and ACEI dose as the equivalent dose of ramipril (mg/day). Cox regression analysis was used to examine the interaction between diabetes and drug dose on all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
Patients with diabetes were prescribed larger doses of β-blockers and ACEIs than were patients without diabetes. Increasing β-blocker dose was associated with lower mortality in patients with diabetes (8.9% per mg/day; 95% CI 5–12.6) and without diabetes (3.5% per mg/day; 95% CI 0.7–6.3), although the effect was larger in people with diabetes (interaction P = 0.027). Increasing ACEI dose was associated with lower mortality in patients with diabetes (5.9% per mg/day; 95% CI 2.5–9.2) and without diabetes (5.1% per mg/day; 95% CI 2.6–7.6), with similar effect size in these groups (interaction P = 0.76).

CONCLUSIONS
Increasing β-blocker dose is associated with a greater prognostic advantage in CHF patients with diabetes than in CHF patients without diabetes.
EFEITO DA TEMPERATURA DE RECOZIMENTO SOBRE A MICROESTRUTURA E AS PROPRIEDADES MECÂNICAS DO AÇO ARBL MICROLIGADO NBR 6656 LNE 380
Authors: Gomes Éricky Ferreira Rangel , Lessa Mayra Adriana Lima Viana Henrique , Lourenço Michelle Dos Reis Riscado , De Oliveira Bárbara Ferreira 
Published: October 2017

RESUMO Neste trabalho tem-se como objetivo avaliar a microestrutura e as propriedades mecânicas de um aço ARBL microligado recebida na condição laminada e após recozimento a 950ºC e 1150ºC. A microestrutura foi analisada por meio da técnica de microscopia confocal e as micrografias foram utilizadas para análise quantitativa do tamanho dos grãos. As propriedades mecânicas obtidas foram determinadas por meio de ensaios de tração. Foi observado que em todas condições a microestrutura é constituída de ferrita e perlita, mas que os tamanhos de grãos ferríticos são diferentes e que os tratamentos térmicos promoveram a queda da tensão de escoamento e da resistência à tração. No entanto, verificou-se que um dos tratamentos térmicos resultou num tamanho de grão mais próximo ao tamanho de grão encontrado na condição recebida.Palavras-chave: Aço microligado; Recozimento; Microestrutura; Propriedades Mecânicas.
DETECÇÃO DE GASES EMITIDOS POR UM MOTOR A GASOLINA DE CICLO OTTO
Authors: Mesquita Mateus , Pessanha Daniel Maia , Sthel Marcelo Da Silva , Lima Guilherme Rodrigues , Alvarenga Silas Das Dores , Câmara Wily , Machado Francisco De Assis Léo 
Published: October 2017

RESUMOAs alterações climáticas que o planeta tem sofrido tem levado diversos grupos de pesquisas a discutir soluções e alternativas que possam ao menos desacelerar o desequilíbrio ambiental. Os combustíveis fósseis, por exemplo, são um dos grandes vilões do aquecimento global. O uso desenfreado de derivados do petróleo tem contribuído demasiadamente para a elevação da temperatura terrestre. Gases como o monóxido de carbono (CO) e o dióxido de carbono (CO2) por exemplo, provenientes da combustão que ocorre em diversos tipos de motores são considerados altamente poluentes pois impactam diretamente no efeito estufa. Neste trabalho a concentração em ppm de CO e CO2 emitidos por um motor a gasolina foram analisados. As medidas foram realizadas com auxílio de um analisador de gás portátil com os motores operando em alta e baixa rotação. Os resultados encontrados para CO e CO2 em alta rotação foram menores do que em baixa rotação, em ambos os casos, os valores estão dentro do padrão estabelecido pela legislação brasileira vigente. Palavras-chave: Monóxido de Carbono (CO); Dióxido de Carbono (CO2); Motor de Combustão Interna
ESTUDO DA LOGÍSTICA URBANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAMPOS DOS GOYTACAZES/RJ.
Authors: De Resende Bárbara Mercadante , Ribeiro Leonardo Da Silva 
Published: October 2017

RESUMO A logística urbana na cidade de Campos dos Goytacazes é um problema, desde sinais não sincronizados a locais que não deveriam ser para estacionar, com isso a mobilidade dentro da cidade fica dificultoso, devido aos horários de pico resultando em trânsitos conturbados. Também dentro da cidade se tem a movimentação de caminhões que fazem distribuição de cargas, com isso fazem com que haja mais dificuldade de trânsito, por muitas vezes eles estacionarem em locais que atrapalham o resto do trânsito, ou mesmo estando no local apropriado, mas devido ao seu tamanho atrapalham do mesmo jeito. Este estudo tem como objetivo de aperfeiçoar a forma de transporte das mercadorias dentro do município, fazendo com que haja maior facilidade das empresas alcançarem seus pedidos de forma mais econômica e de ganhar tempo. Palavras-chave: Transportes; Logística; Distribuição.
DESAIN PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL PADA PEMBELAJARAN STATISTIK MATEMATIKA
Authors: Indriani Ari 
Published: October 2017

Masalah yang ingin diteliti dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah rancangan pendekatan kontekstual pada pembelajaran statistik matematika? Adapun tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang/mendesain pendekatan kontekstual pada pembelajaran statistik matematika. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan (Research and Development/R&D). Pada penelitian ini baru disajikan tahapan yang pertama yaitu perancangan model pembelajaran yaitu penyusunan kegiatan-kegiatan pembelajaran statistik matematika dengan menggunakan pendekatan kontekstual. Langkah-langkah pendekatan kontekstual pada pembelajaran Statistik Matematika ada tujuh prinsip yaitu 1) Konstruktivisme/Constructivism; 2) Menemukan/Inqury; 3) Bertanya/Questioning; 4) Masyarakat Belajar/ Learning Comunity; 5) Pemodelan/Modelling; 6) Refleksi/Reflection; dan 7) Penilaian Sebenarnya/Authentic Assesment. Setelah diadakan ujicoba, untuk mengetahui efektifitas pendekatan yang dihasilkan perlu dilakukan penerapan pendekatan di kelas. Kata kunci: Pendekatan Kontekstual, Statistik Matematika
ANALISIS JENIS KESALAHAN SISWA MENYELESAIKAN MASALAH FAKTORISISASI SUKU ALJABAR KELAS VIII SMP NEGERI 35 SEMARANG TAHUN AJARAN 2016/2017
Authors: Saputri Septiyana Dwi 
Published: October 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan jenis-jenis kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa dalam menyelesaikan masalah faktorisasi aljabar. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah siswa-siswi kelas VIII SMP Negeri 35 Semarang. Data-data pada penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil observasi, tes tertulis dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dan triangulasi data bahwa dari 27 subjek penelitian, sebanyak 3 dari 27 siswa melakukan jenis kesalahan reading errors, 17 dari 27 siswa melakukan jenis kesalahan planning errors, 23 dari 27 siswa melakukan jenis kesalahan skill errors dan 25 dari 27 siswa melakukan jenis kesalahan finishing errors. Adapun penyebab dari banyaknya kesalahan yang dilakukan siswa adalah kurang terbiasanya siswa mengerjakan masalah-masalah yang disajikan berupa masalah atau sol non rutin. Kata kunci : Jenis Kesalahan, Penyelesaian masalah, Faktorisasi Aljabar.
BENTUK ORNAMEN MASJID KERAMAT LEMPUR KERINCI
Authors: Alipuddin Alipuddin , Yulimarni Yulimarni 
Published: October 2017

Bentuk ornamen yang diterapkan di Masjid Keramat Lempur sebagai penggubahan bentuk-bentuk figuratif sehingga menjadi tersamarkan ini dipandang sebagai upaya jalan keluar untuk menghindari larangan menggambarkan makhluk hidup dan dianggap pula sebagai strategi adaptasi penyebarluasan agama Islam pada waktu itu. Ornamen yang diterapkan pada umumnya berbentuk tumbuh-tumbuhan, geometris. Ornamen diterapkan pada bagian luar maupun bagian dalam masjid, meliputi hiasan pada tiang, dinding, alang, papan pengunci sudut, mimbar, dan tempat azan. Di samping itu, ornamen tersebut terlihat adanya pengaruh ornamen yang terdapat pada benda prasejarah. Ornamen tersebut ditata atau disusun berdasarkan prinsip komposisi, meliputi: pertimbangan keseimbangan, keserasian, irama, kesatuan, proporsi, dan disusun secara vertikal maupun horizontal. Menggunakan data kualitatif, penelitian ini dianalisis secara deskriptif. Ornamen tidak hanya semata-mata sebagai penghias melainkan juga mengandung maksud-maksud simbolis.
Surgical management of incidentally discovered diffusely infiltrating low-grade glioma
Authors: Opoku-Darko Michael , Lang Stefan T. , Artindale James , Cairncross J. Gregory , Sevick Robert J. , Kelly John J. P. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVEOccasionally, diffusely infiltrating low-grade gliomas (LGGs) are identified as incidental findings in patients who have no signs or symptoms that can be ascribed to the tumors. The diagnosis of incidental, asymptomatic LGGs has become more frequent due to the vast increase in access to medical imaging technology. While management of these lesions remains controversial, early surgery has been suggested to improve outcome. The authors set out to identify and review the characteristics and surgical outcomes of patients who underwent surgical intervention for incidental LGG.METHODSAll cases of LGG surgically treated between 2004 and 2016 at the authors’ institution were analyzed to identify those that were discovered incidentally. Patients with incidentally discovered LGGs were identified, and their cases were retrospectively reviewed. An “incidental” finding was defined as an abnormality on imaging that was obtained for a reason not attributable to the glioma, such as trauma, headache, screening, or research participation. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to determine actuarial rates of overall survival, progression-free survival, and malignant progression–free survival.RESULTSIn 34 (6.8%) of 501 adult patients who underwent surgery for LGG, the tumors were discovered incidentally. Headache (26%, n = 9) and screening (21%, n = 7) were the most common indications for brain imaging in this group. Four of these 34 patients had initial biopsy after the tumor was identified on imaging. In 5 cases, the patients opted for immediate resection; the remaining cases were managed with a “watch-and-wait” approach, with intervention undertaken only after radiological or clinical evidence of disease progression. The mean duration of follow-up for all 34 cases was 5 years. Twelve patients (35.3%) had disease progression, with an average time to progression of 43.8 months (range 3–105 months). There were 5 cases (14.7%) of malignant progression and 4 deaths (11.8%). Oligodendroglioma was diagnosed in 16 cases (47%) and astrocytoma in 15 (44%). Twenty-five patients (74%) had IDH1 mutation and demonstrated prolonged survival. Only 2 patients had mild surgery-related complications, and 16 patients (47%) developed epilepsy during the course of the disease.CONCLUSIONSIn this retrospective analysis of cases of incidentally discovered LGGs, the tumors were surgically removed with minimal surgical risk. In patients with incidental LGGs there is improved overall survival relative to median survival for patients with symptomatic LGGS, which is likely attributable to the underlying favorable biology of the disease indicated by the presence of IDH1 mutation in 74% of the cases.
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension: 120-day clinical, radiological, and manometric outcomes after stent insertion into the dural venous sinus
Authors: Asif Hasan , Craven Claudia L. , Siddiqui Almas H. , Shah Syed N. , Matloob Samir A. , Thorne Lewis , Robertson Fergus , Watkins Laurence D. , Toma Ahmed K. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVEIdiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is commonly associated with venous sinus stenosis. In recent years, transvenous dural venous sinus stent (DVSS) insertion has emerged as a potential therapy for resistant cases. However, there remains considerable uncertainty over the safety and efficacy of this procedure, in particular the incidence of intraprocedural and delayed complications and in the longevity of sinus patency, pressure gradient obliteration, and therapeutic clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to determine clinical, radiological, and manometric outcomes at 3–4 months after DVSS in this treated IIH cohort.METHODSClinical, radiographic, and manometric data before and 3–4 months after DVSS were reviewed in this single-center case series. All venographic and manometric procedures were performed under local anesthesia with the patient supine.RESULTSForty-one patients underwent DVSS venography/manometry within 120 days. Sinus pressure reduction of between 11 and 15 mm Hg was achieved 3–4 months after DVSS compared with pre-stent baseline, regardless of whether the procedure was primary or secondary (after shunt surgery). Radiographic obliteration of anatomical stenosis correlating with reduction in pressure gradients was observed. The complication rate after DVSS was 4.9% and stent survival was 87.8% at 120 days. At least 20% of patients developed restenosis following DVSS and only 63.3% demonstrated an improvement or resolution of papilledema.CONCLUSIONSReduced venous sinus pressures were observed at 120 days after the procedure. DVSS showed lower complication rates than shunts, but the clinical outcome data were less convincing. To definitively compare the outcomes between DVSS and shunts in IIH, a randomized prospective study is needed.
Prediction of BRAF mutation status of craniopharyngioma using magnetic resonance imaging features
Authors: Yue Qi , Yu Yang , Shi Zhifeng , Wang Yongfei , Zhu Wei , Du Zunguo , Yao Zhenwei , Chen Liang , Mao Ying 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVETreatment with a BRAF mutation inhibitor might shrink otherwise refractory craniopharyngiomas and is a promising preoperative treatment to facilitate tumor resection. The aim of this study was to investigate the noninvasive diagnosis of BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas based on MRI characteristics.METHODSFifty-two patients with pathologically diagnosed craniopharyngioma were included in this study. Polymerase chain reaction was performed on tumor tissue specimens to detect BRAF and CTNNB1 mutations. MRI manifestations—including tumor location, size, shape, and composition; signal intensity of cysts; enhancement pattern; pituitary stalk morphology; and encasement of the internal carotid artery—were analyzed by 2 neuroradiologists blinded to patient identity and clinical characteristics, including BRAF mutation status. Results were compared between the BRAF-mutated and wild-type (WT) groups. Characteristics that were significantly more prevalent (p < 0.05) in the BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas were defined as diagnostic features. The minimum number of diagnostic features needed to make a diagnosis was determined by analyzing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.RESULTSEight of the 52 patients had BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas, and the remaining 44 had BRAF WT tumors. The clinical characteristics did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Interobserver agreement for MRI data analysis was relatively reliable, with values of Cohen κ ranging from 0.65 to 0.97 (p < 0.001). A comparison of findings in the 2 patient groups showed that BRAF-mutated craniopharyngiomas tended to be suprasellar (p < 0.001), spherical (p = 0.005), predominantly solid (p = 0.003), and homogeneously enhancing (p < 0.001), and that patients with these tumors tended to have a thickened pituitary stalk (p = 0.014). When at least 3 of these 5 features were present, a tumor might be identified as BRAF mutated with a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.91. The area under the ROC curve for the sum of all 5 diagnostic criteria was 0.989 (p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSThe BRAF mutation status of craniopharyngiomas might be predicted using certain MRI features with relatively high sensitivity and specificity, thus offering potential guidance for the preoperative administration of BRAF mutation inhibitors.
Interbody distraction and vertebral body reconstruction with polymethylmethacrylate for the treatment of pathological fractures
Authors: Zuckerman Scott L. , Rao Ganesh , Rhines Laurence D. , McCutcheon Ian E. , Everson Richard G. , Tatsui Claudio E. 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVETreatment of epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) caused by tumor includes surgical decompression and stabilization followed by postoperative radiation. In the case of severe axial loading impairment, anterior column reconstruction is indicated. The authors describe the use of interbody distraction to restore vertebral body height and correct kyphotic angulation prior to reconstruction with polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), and report the long-term durability of such reconstruction.METHODSA single institution, prospective series of patients with ESCC undergoing single-stage decompression, anterior column reconstruction, and posterior instrumentation from 2013 to 2016 was retrospectively analyzed. Several demographic, perioperative, and radiographic measurements were collected. Descriptive statistics were compiled, in addition to postoperative changes in anterior height, posterior height, and kyphosis. Paired Student t-tests were performed for each variable. Overall survival was calculated using the techniques described by Kaplan and Meier.RESULTSTwenty-one patients underwent single-stage posterior decompression with interbody distraction and anterior column reconstruction using PMMA. The median age and Karnofsky Performance Scale score were 61 years and 70, respectively. Primary tumors included renal cell (n = 8), lung (n = 4), multiple myeloma (n = 2), prostate (n = 2), and other (n = 5). Eighteen patients underwent a single-level vertebral body reconstruction and 3 underwent multilevel transpedicular corpectomies. The median survival duration was 13.3 months. In the immediate postoperative setting, statistically significant improvement was noted in anterior body height (p = 0.0017, 95% confidence interval [CI] −4.15 to −1.11) and posterior body height (p = 0.0116, 95% CI −3.14 to −0.45) in all patients, and improved kyphosis was observed in those with oblique endplates (p = 0.0002, 95% CI 11.16–20.27). In the median follow-up duration of 13.9 months, the authors observed 3 cases of asymptomatic PMMA subsidence. One patient required reoperation in the form of extension of fusion.CONCLUSIONSIn situ interbody distraction allows safe and durable reconstruction with PMMA, restores vertebral height, and corrects kyphotic deformities associated with severe pathological fractures caused by tumor. This is accomplished with minimal manipulation of the thecal sac and avoiding an extensive 360° surgical approach in patients who cannot tolerate extensive surgery.