bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Irreversible Inhibition of DNMT3A by an N‐Mustard Analog of S‐Adenosyl‐L–Methionine
Authors: Sirasunthorn Nichanun , Roseto Isabelle , Pecor Lindsay , Comstock Lindsay R. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractDNA methylation, an important epigenetic modification, is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases and is essential in the regulation of gene expression. Here, the utility of an N‐mustard analog designed to mimic the native methyl donor, S‐adenosyl‐L‐methionine (SAM), was explored with the DNA methyltransferase 3A catalytic domain (DNMT3AC). In lieu of the expected analog transfer to DNA, methyltransferase activity was instead inhibited in a concentration dependent manner. Further investigation into the mechanism of analog inhibition did not reveal a typical competitive mechanism. Instead, mass spectrometry analysis provided direct evidence of two cysteine residues in the SAM binding site covalently modified by the SAM analog and confirmed its’ function as an irreversible inhibitor of DNMT3AC.
Imaging Golgi‐Apparatus in Colon Cancer Cells by Small Molecule Hydrazone Fluorophore
Authors: Aditi  , Sanyam  , Ingle Jaypalsing , Das Bibhas , Mondal Anirban , Basu Sudipta 
Published: August 2024

AbstractHerein, we have designed and synthesised a 2,6‐dihydroxybenzoyl‐hydrazone (compound 3) fluorophore through a concise strategy. Molecular dynamics and quantum mechanical simulations revealed that long range charge transfer (CT) to be the underlying mechanism for the emissive property of compound 3. Confocal microscopy and cell viability assays confirmed that within 3 h, compound 3 homed into the Golgi‐apparatus of colon cancer cells (HCT‐116) selectively compared to the breast (MCF7), lung (A549), cervical (HeLa) cancer cells and non‐cancerous retinal epithelial pigment cells (RPE‐1) with negligible toxicity. This novel fluorophore has potential to image Golgi‐apparatus in a cancer cell specific manner for diagnosis.
A rare case of systemic lupus erythematosus‐associated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with cystic lesions and dual seropositivity for anti‐AQP4 and anti‐MOG antibodies
Authors: Al Jassem Omar , Rifi Rami , Kheir Karim , Masri Alaa , Eid Hassan 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageIn patients with SLE, concurrent NMOSD can manifest with optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. AQP‐4 antibody positivity confirms the diagnosis. Prompt treatment is critical to manage the acute symptoms and prevent relapses, as highlighted by a young patient's case with optic neuritis and extensive spinal cord lesions.AbstractNeuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that affects the optic nerve and spinal cord. It is associated with autoantibodies against aquaporin‐4 (AQP‐4) and/or myelin oligodendrocytes glycoproteins. It is diagnosed based on clinical, radiological, and serological criteria, and treated with immunosuppressants in the acute phase. Long‐term immunosuppression is essential to prevent potential relapses. In this case report, we present the case of a 19‐year‐old female patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), who presented with blurriness and loss of vision in her left eye. Optical coherence tomography was normal, but a gadolinium‐enhanced cervico‐dorsal MRI showed multiple lesions extending from the brainstem to the C7‐T1 junction suggestive of longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM), the largest of which was a cystic lesion at the cervico‐spinal junction. A contrast injection also revealed left optic neuritis. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed elevated IgG and red blood cell count, but no oligoclonal bands. The patient tested positive for AQP‐4 autoantibodies, confirming the diagnosis of NMOSD. Treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone led to partial improvement, but the patient experienced a relapse with severe neurological symptoms, including tetraplegia and bladder and bowel dysfunction. This case illustrates the importance of considering NMOSD in the differential diagnosis of patients with SLE who present with optic neuritis and/or myelitis, especially when MRI findings are suggestive of LETM. Early diagnosis and adherence to treatment are crucial to prevent further relapses and deleterious sequelae.
A novel implant placement technique using a three‐dimensionally printed duplicate denture for implant‐supported overdenture in patients with severe residual ridge resorption: A case report
Authors: Izumikawa Tomoko , Doi Kazuya , Iwaguro Shogo , Tsuga Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageThe treatment method of placing a small number of implants in the mandible as a removable implant‐supported overdenture (IOD) enables implant placement and denture stability, even in cases with severe residual ridge resorption. In this case report, a new implant placement technique was performed using a three‐dimensionally (3D)‐printed duplicate denture fabricated by a 3D printer, resulting in the restoration of masticatory function through IOD.
Superior and inferior vena cava syndrome caused by a rare lung cancer: A case report
Authors: Joshi Amey , Law Jason , Shah Niket , Ghnaima Harith , Akanbi Maxwell , Tikaria Richa 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageSuperior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is commonly caused by mediastinal malignancies. Early identification through clinical signs and imaging is critical to avoid complications including cerebral and laryngeal edema, and cardiogenic shock. We present a case of large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma causing superior and inferior vena cava compression that responded well to radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Fatal scenario following dental extraction in middle‐aged man with history of acquired hemophilia: Employment of surgical tracheostomy and use of FFP and cryoprecipitate to gain patent airway
Authors: Bhatta Sunil , Pandit Sukriti , Nepal Sabin , Chaudhary Pratik 
Published: August 2024

Key Clinical MessageAcquired hemophilia A can upshot in a life‐threatening hemorrhage and airway obstruction. Airway bleeding is a weighty emergency in hemophilia care, necessitating the immediate start of effective hemostatic therapy (porcine factor VIII, the factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity and recombinant factor VIIa) and the decision to undertake proper airway control, such as tracheal intubation and tracheostomy. However, due to the dearth deficiency of effective hemostatic measures we relied upon the use of fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate to gain control of the bleeding despite the precarious threat of infectious disease transmission associated with their use.
Deciphering the Cell Surface Sugar‐Coating via Biochemical Pathways
Authors: Ghosh Pritam 
Published: August 2024

AbstractCell surface components, specifically glycans, play a significant role in several biological functions like cell structure, crosstalk between cells, and eventual target recognition of the cells for therapeutics. The dense layer of glycans, i. e., glycocalyx, could differ in taxon, species, and cell type. Glycans are coupled with lipids and proteins to form glycolipids, glycoproteins, proteoglycans, and glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins, making their study challenging. However, understanding glycosylation at the cellular level is vital for fundamental research and advancing glycan‐targeted therapy. Among different pathways, metabolic glycan labelling uses the natural metabolic processes of the cell to introduce abiotic functionality into glycan residues. The Bertozzi group pioneered metabolic oligosaccharide engineering using glycan salvage pathways to convert monosaccharides with unnatural modifications. This eventually results in the probe becoming part of the complex cellular glycan structures via click chemistry using copper. On the other hand, the boronic acid‐based probe can recognise carbohydrates in a single step without any chemical modification of the surface. This review discusses the significance of glycans as biomarkers for different diseases and the necessity to evaluate them in situ within the physiological environment. The review also discusses the prospect of this field and its potential applications.
Conformation Regulation of Trisresorcinarene Directed by Cavity Solvation
Authors: Shimoyama Daisuke , Sekiya Ryo , Inoue Shoichiro , Hisano Naoyuki , Tate Shin‐ichi , Haino Takeharu 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis compound is a synthetic macrocycle comprising three pivaloyl‐protected resorcinarene units connected by six pentylene chains. We conducted a conformational study using 1H‐NMR, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and computational analyses. The macrocycle adopts two conformers, one open, the other closed. The ratio of the open to closed forms depended on the solvent used. Only the open form existed in [D8]toluene, both forms coexisted in [D6]benzene, and the closed form was the major conformer in [D1]chloroform. The benzene‐solvated open form observed in the solid state suggests that cavity solvation by solvent molecules directs the open form. The open form was the major or only conformer in [D10]o‐ and [D10]m‐xylene and [D12]mesitylene, whereas the closed form was the major conformer in [D6]acetone. The open and closed forms were equally populated in [D10]p‐xylene, suggesting that the size, shape, and dimensions of the solvent molecules most likely influenced the conformation of the protected trisresocinarene.
Frequency tunable CMOS ring oscillator‐based Ising machine
Authors: Rahaman Nayan Mizanur , Hassan Orchi 
Published: August 2024

SummaryOscillator‐based Ising machines (OIMs) particularly those realized in complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) have gained popularity for solving combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) in recent years due to its scalability, low‐power consumption, and room temperature operation. The implemented OIMs have thus far focused on solving optimization problems with a single global minima. However, real‐life optimization problems often have multiple solutions. In this paper, we propose a generalized approach to solve COPs with single (without contention), as well as multiple (with contention) solutions using frequency tunable CMOS ring oscillator (ROSC)‐based Ising machine. A capacitive frequency tunable CMOS ring‐oscillator coupled with an internal subharmonic injection locking (SHIL) generator realized using 14‐nm FinFET models works as Ising spin in the proposed approach. We demonstrate how frequency tuning can help in attaining good quality results and also determine all possible solutions of COP with contention. We also propose a generalized algorithm for monitoring the states of the oscillator network to indicate tuning necessity and extract solutions from the oscillator's output irrespective of the type of COP.
Heart failure treatment in the last years of life: A nationwide study of 364 000 individuals
Authors: Sundström Johan , Gustafsson Stefan , Cars Thomas , Lindholm Daniel 
Published: August 2024

AimsIn patients with heart failure, treatment patterns in the last years of life have not been assessed at large scale. We aimed to assess whether heart failure treatment patterns up to 5 years prior to death changed over time.Methods and resultsIn a cohort study covering the whole Swedish population, we assessed all heart failure patients who died between 1 July 2007 and 31 December 2020 for evidence‐based treatments. The proportion on the respective treatment at the time of death was examined by year of death using binomial regression. Looking back in time, treatment discontinuation rates were estimated using Poisson regression on time‐split data. Combining these models, the proportion on each medication was estimated up to 5 years prior to death. A total of 364 480 patients died with heart failure during the study period. Half were women, and the median (interquartile range) age at death was 86 (79–90). The use of all heart failure treatments decreased gradually closer to death, but the discontinuation rate of beta blockers decreased over time, resulting in an increasing proportion of patients on treatment at the time of death.ConclusionIn patients with heart failure, a changing pattern of medical treatment during the last years of life was observed, most notably with an increasing use of beta blockers. This may in part be due to a changing pattern of comorbidities over time, with an increase in e.g. hypertension and atrial fibrillation, but a decline in ischaemic heart disease.
Theoretical Implications of Bifunctional Ligands to Improve Uranium Extraction Performance
Authors: Xu Han , Wang Cong‐Zhi , Wu Qun‐Yan , Lan Jian‐Hui , Liu Zhi‐Rong , Chen Shu‐Sen , Song Yan , Li Hao , Shi Wei‐Qun 
Published: August 2024

AbstractExtraction of uranium from seawater is considered to be an effective way to solve the shortage of uranium resources, and the development of efficient adsorption functional groups is the key to uranium extraction. In this work, the complexation of uranyl cations with a series of diamidoxime and bifunctional (amidoximate‐carboxylate, amidoximate‐phosphate) ligands has been probed by quantum chemical calculations. For most of the uranyl complexes, the amidoxime groups adopt η2 mode to uranyl cations. Based on bonding analyses, we found that the uranyl complexes with methyl‐substituted ligands (H2L′) possess stronger covalent interactions than those with phenyl‐substituted ligands (H2L). Consequently, the uranyl complexes with H2L’ are more stable in the extraction process according to thermodynamic analysis. The amidoximate‐phosphate bifunctional ligand (H2L3′) has stronger extraction capacity to uranyl cations than other ligands, which is related to the relatively lower decomposition energy, and it shows selectivity in seawater for uranyl cations over vanadium ions, which may be a potential ligand for uranium extraction. Therefore, the introduction of synergistic functional groups, i. e. the bifunctional ligands, enhance the extraction properties of uranyl cations. This work improves understanding of synergistic ligands, and may contribute to design and development of efficient ligands for recovery of uranium from seawater.
Exercise‐Induced cytokines, diet, and inflammation and their role in adipose tissue metabolism
Authors: Al‐Ibraheem Abdullah Muataz Taha , Hameed Al‐Tuaama Abdullah Zeyad , Marsool Mohammed Dheyaa Marsool , Jain Hritvik , Prajjwal Priyadarshi , Khazmi Istevan , Nazzal Ridha Saad , AL‐Najati Hussein Mezher Hameed , Al‐Zuhairi Baqer Hadi Yusur Kharibet , Razzaq Maryam , Abd Zainab Baqir , Marsool Ali Dheyaa Marsool , wahedaldin Abdulrahman Isam , Amir Omniat 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundObesity poses a significant global health challenge, necessitating effective prevention and treatment strategies. Exercise and diet are recognized as pivotal interventions in combating obesity. This study reviews the literature concerning the impact of exercise‐induced cytokines, dietary factors, and inflammation on adipose tissue metabolism, shedding light on potential pathways for therapeutic intervention.MethodologyA comprehensive review of relevant literature was conducted to elucidate the role of exercise‐induced cytokines, including interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interleukin‐15 (IL‐15), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, myostatin, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21), follistatin (FST), and angiopoietin‐like 4 (ANGPTL4), in adipose tissue metabolism. Various databases were systematically searched using predefined search terms to identify relevant studies. Articles selected for inclusion underwent thorough analysis to extract pertinent data on the mechanisms underlying the influence of these cytokines on adipose tissue metabolism.Results and DiscussionExercise‐induced cytokines exert profound effects on adipose tissue metabolism, influencing energy expenditure (EE), thermogenesis, fat loss, and adipogenesis. For instance, IL‐6 activates AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK), promoting fatty acid oxidation and reducing lipogenesis. IL‐15 upregulates peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor delta (PPARδ), stimulating fatty acid catabolism and suppressing lipogenesis. BDNF enhances AMPK‐dependent fat oxidation, while irisin induces the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT), augmenting thermogenesis. Moreover, myostatin, FGF21, FST, and ANGPTL4 each play distinct roles in modulating adipose tissue metabolism, impacting factors such as fatty acid oxidation, adipogenesis, and lipid uptake. The elucidation of these pathways offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between exercise, cytokines, and adipose tissue metabolism, thereby informing the development of targeted obesity management strategies.ConclusionUnderstanding the mechanisms by which exercise‐induced cytokines regulate adipose tissue metabolism is critical for devising effective obesity prevention and treatment modalities. Harnessing the therapeutic potential of exercise‐induced cytokines, in conjunction with dietary interventions, holds promise for mitigating the global burden of obesity. Further research is warranted to delineate the precise mechanisms underlying the interactions between exercise, cytokines, and adipose tissue metabolism.
Gd Added Mg Alloy for Biodegradable Implant Applications
Authors: Surendran Arun Kumar , Jayaraj Jithu , Veerappan Rajinikanth , Gupta Manoj , Amirthalingam Srinivasan , K Gopalan Raghu 
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACTMicrostructure, mechanical, in vitro and in vivo behavior of extruded Mg alloys with varying Zn/Gd ratios, Mg‐2Gd‐2Zn‐0.5Zr (Zn/Gd = 1), Mg‐2Gd‐6Zn‐0.5Zr (Zn/Gd = 3), and Mg‐10Gd‐1Zn‐0.5Zr (Zn/Gd = 0.1) were investigated. The results revealed that the major secondary phases such as W (Mg3Zn3Gd2), (Mg,Zn)3Gd, LPSO (Long period stacking order) and I (Mg3Zn6Gd) phase in alloys depended on Zn/Gd ratio. These second phases influenced the mechanical as well as biological characteristics of the alloys. Among studied alloys, Mg‐10Gd‐1Zn‐0.5Zr alloy showed the highest yield strength and tensile strength of 270 (±9.29) and 330 MPa (±15.8), respectively, with a reasonably good elongation of 12% (±2.36). The presence of Gd2O3 in the degradation film of Mg‐10Gd‐1Zn‐0.5Zr enhanced the resistance offered by the film, which resulted in its lowest biodegradation, better viability, and cell proliferation under in vitro condition. The short term (subcutaneous implantation in rats for 1 month) in vivo studies showed that the alloy Mg‐10Gd‐1Zn‐0.5Zr degraded at a rate of 0.35 mm/y (±0.02) and did not induce any toxicity to the vital organs.
Longitudinal associations between youth prosocial behavior and dimensions of psychopathology
Authors: Reimann Gabrielle E. , Lahey Benjamin B. , Jeong Hee Jung , Durham E. Leighton , Archer Camille , Cardenas‐Iniguez Carlos , Berman Marc G. , Moore Tyler M. , Applegate Brooks , Kaczkurkin Antonia N. 
Published: August 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudies suggest that prosocial behavior, having high empathy and engaging in behaviors intended to benefit others, may predict mental health or vice versa; however, these findings have been mixed. The purpose of the current study was to examine the bidirectional relationships between prosocial behavior and dimensions of psychopathology in children.MethodsThe relationships between prosocial behavior and four dimensions of psychopathology (general psychopathology, internalizing symptoms, conduct problems, and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms) were examined longitudinally in children 9–12 years of age from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study (N = 9122). We used a random intercept cross‐lagged panel model to distinguish between stable, trait‐like (between‐person) and time‐dependent (within‐person) fluctuations across a 24‐month period.ResultsBetween‐person results revealed that prosocial behavior was negatively associated with general psychopathology and conduct problems while being positively associated with internalizing symptoms. Within‐person results demonstrated that, out of four possible directional paths tested, one was significant. This path showed that greater general psychopathology and conduct problems at the first‐year follow‐up predicted fewer prosocial behaviors at the second‐year follow‐up, although the effect size was small. In contrast, prosocial behavior did not predict psychopathology dimensions for any year.ConclusionsThe results of this study suggest that prosocial behaviors have stable associations with psychopathology across preadolescence; however, evidence of a directional association in which psychopathology predicts fewer prosocial behaviors in the future was only modest.
Exploring the effects of international experiences on cultural intelligence
Authors: Morin Geneviève , Talbot David 
Published: August 2024

AbstractThis study aims to assess the effects of pre‐adult international experiences on expatriate workers' cultural intelligence (CQ). Two data sources were used to achieve this goal; a quantitative survey administered online to expatriates (n = 1713) and the culture database of Hofstede. The analyses identified six deep antecedents of CQ. This study contributes to the scientific literature on the antecedents of CQ by examining non‐work‐related international experiences before adulthood in two cultural contexts. It is also one of the first studies to use the third culture kids concept to explain expatriate CQ.
Spontaneous Brain Activity Abnormalities in Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Meta‐Analysis of 1474 Patients
Authors: Xiao Shu , Yang Zibin , Lin Zitao , Chen Liqing , Liao Weiming , Wang Jurong , Gao Cuihua , Lu Jianjun , Song Yang , Su Sulian , Jiang Guihua 
Published: August 2024

BackgroundAbnormalities in resting‐state functional brain activity have been detected in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The results of individual neuroimaging studies of TLE, however, are frequently inconsistent due to small and heterogeneous samples, analytical flexibility, and publication bias toward positive findings.PurposeTo investigate the most consistent regions of resting‐state functional brain activity abnormality in patients with TLE through a quantitative meta‐analysis of published neuroimaging data.Study TypeMeta‐analysis.SubjectsExactly 1474 TLE patients (716 males and 758 females) from 31 studies on resting‐state functional brain activity were included in this study.Field Strength/SequenceStudies utilizing 1.5 T or 3 T MR scanners were included for meta‐analysis. Resting‐state functional MRI using gradient echo‐planar imaging, T1‐weighted imaging.AssessmentPubMed, Web of Science, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and WanFang databases were searched to identify studies investigating amplitude of low‐frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) at the whole‐brain level between patients with TLE and healthy controls (HCs).Statistical TestsSeed‐based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images, standard randomization tests and meta‐regression analysis were used. Results were significant if P < 0.05 with family‐wise error corrected.ResultsPatients with TLE displayed resting‐state functional brain activity which was a significant increase in the right hippocampus, and significant decrease in the right angular gurus and right precuneus. Additionally, the meta‐regression analysis demonstrated that age (P = 0.231), sex distribution (P = 0.376), and illness duration (P = 0.184), did not show significant associations with resting state functional brain activity in patients with TLE.Data ConclusionCommon alteration patterns of spontaneous brain activity were identified in the right hippocampus and default‐model network regions in patients with TLE. These findings may contribute to understanding of the underlying mechanism for potentially effective intervention of TLE.Level of Evidence1.Technical Efficacy StageStage 2.