bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan/Sericin Composite Blend Membranes Containing Silver Nanoparticles for Effective Antibacterial Applications
Authors: Niyaz Zeynep , Gök Zehra Gün 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to drug‐resistant bacteria, antimicrobial composite materials that will replace antibiotics are among the current research topics. In this study, environmentally‐friendly, low‐cost, easy‐to‐synthesize chitosan/silk sericin/silver nanoparticles (Cht/SS/AgNPs) membranes were obtained for use in antibacterial applications. For material synthesis, firstly, AgNPs were obtained by mixing solution of 2 % sericin (at pH 11)‐10 mM AgNO3 at 100 °C with hydrothermal method and AgNPs formation was confirmed by UV‐Vis measurements. Then, sericin/AgNPs solution was added to chitosan solutions at different ratios and Cht/SS/AgNPs composites were obtained by solvent casting method. The final forms of the membranes were characterized by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)‐energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Water retention capacities and mechanical properties of the membranes were also determined. Finally, antibacterial and biocompatibility properties were evaluated by disc diffusion test method on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and MTT on L929 fibroblast cell line, respectively. The obtained membranes had homogeneous appearance, high swelling ratios, good mechanical properties. The composites also showed excellent antibacterial activity, especially on S. aureus and good biocompatibility. In summary, Cht/SS/AgNPs composites can be used as an alternative polymeric antibacterial materials especially as the wound‐dressing materials or functional packaging materials.
Efficient Synthesis of Hydrobenzoin through NHC Catalysis: A Sustainable Approach for C−C Bond Formation
Authors: Sharma Deepika , Mahantesh G  , Pradeep Kumar Marappan , Chatterjee Rana , Dandela Rambabu , Dhayalan Vasudevan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA facile and practical one‐pot synthesis of hydrobenzoin has been developed from the readily available aromatic aldehydes, under NHC catalysis. Basically, the present research elucidates a novel, sustainable approach for the synthesis of hydrobenzoin, capitalizing on the catalytic prowess of N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and utilizing sodium borohydride (NaBH4) as an effective reducing partner in this one‐pot conversion. By harnessing the unique reactivity of NHCs, this methodology enables the efficient formation of C−C bonds, leading to the streamlined synthesis of hydrobenzoin with high yields while tolerating various functional groups. Furthermore, this catalytic system offers notable advantages in terms of atom economy, mild reaction conditions, and operational simplicity, making it a promising strategy for sustainable chemical synthesis. The detailed mechanistic insights provided herein shed light on the underlying catalytic pathways, facilitating a deeper understanding of the reaction mechanism. Overall, this study underscores the significant potential of NHC catalysis as a versatile tool for the sustainable synthesis of valuable organic compounds, thereby contributing to the advancement of green chemistry principles and the pursuit of environmentally benign chemical processes.
Reactivity of (3‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)oxyran‐2‐yl)(naphthalene‐2‐yl)methanone Toward Some Nucleophiles for Preparing Promising Agents with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities
Authors: Khalaf Hemat S. , Kotb Eman R. , Abdelwahed Nayera A. M. , Abdelrahman Mohamad T. , Shamroukh Ahmed H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract(3‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)oxyran‐2‐yl)(naphthalene‐2‐yl)methanone 2 was prepared from the reaction of 3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (1) with hydrogen peroxide and reacted with different nucleophiles such as hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, thiosemicarbazide to give 4‐hydroxy‐1H‐pyrazole derivatives 3a,b‐4. Also, compound 2 was treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give the substituted 2,3‐dihydroisoxazole 5. Similarly, compound 2 was treated with carbon disulfide, phenyl isothiocyanate, and phenyl isocyanate to give the corresponding compounds 6–8. Various spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis were used to determine the molecular structures of the new derivatives. All the new analogs were screened against five human pathogenic microbial strains: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as Gram‐negative bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as Gram‐positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans using agar diffusion method. Compound 4 exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms compared to positive control ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. On the other hand, the free radical scavenging activity of the new compounds using DPPH assay protocol revealed that most of the compounds have a weak reducing activity. Moreover, compounds 4 and 8 were docked against 1KZN protein (DNA gyrase), 3FYV and 5V5Z showing the ability to interact with key amino acid residues and the potential to act as inhibitors.
A new cockroach (Blattodea, Rhipidoblattinidae) from the Toarcian (Lower Jurassic) of Alderton Hill, Gloucestershire, UK, and the earliest likely occurrence of aposematic colouration in cockroaches
Authors: Swaby Emily J. , Coe Angela L. , Ross Andrew J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe describe the seventh valid species of cockroach, Alderblattina simmsi gen. et sp. nov., from insect‐rich strata recording the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T‐OAE). The T‐OAE represents a period of extreme global warming and environmental change that drove palaeoecological pressures and evolutionary changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems. Here, for the first time, we present evidence that this event may also be the driver for the evolution of aposematic colouration, a predator deterrent, in cockroaches. The specimen, an isolated compressed tegmen, was collected at Alderton Hill, Gloucestershire, UK, and is assigned to a new genus and species, based on the following unique combination of characteristics: small forewing; 15 branches of R and 11 branches of M + CuA; strong cross‐vein between R and M; intercalaries; and two well‐defined subspherical maculae (spots) and colouration at the wing tip. Alderblattina simmsi is assigned to the family Rhipidoblattinidae Rohdendorf, primarily based on its small size and the presence of branched anal veins in the clavus. The colouration present on A. simmsi represents the first recorded likely occurrence of aposematism in cockroaches, and provides evidence for the evolution of colour patterning in Blattodea.
Сultural Conceptualization of Restoration Libertine Identity
Authors: Marina Olena , Shevchenko Iryna 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis chapter examines cultural conceptualization of libertine identities in the dramatic discourse of the English Restoration. It was a period of social, cultural, and ideological transition, when theatrical production conceptualized new identities and served royal ambitions. We argue that cultural conceptualizations depend upon the prevailing social-cultural values and change historically. During the Restoration period, cultural conceptualization of new libertine identities went along with the reconceptualization of old Puritan ones: the former embodied hedonism, neglect of social and moral values, and sexual adventurism; the latter shifted from Puritan moral values to new Restoration ethics. This research applies the methods of Cultural Linguistics, discourse analysis, and cognitive pragmatics to the study of Restoration comedies. The findings suggest that the Restoration produced brand new identities that reassessed the social roles of man and woman who in turn developed new social role models and epitomized new cultural values. The English Restoration conceptualized libertine identities as champions of a new social and moral order and spokesmen for the new political elite.
General quartic β-function at three loops
Authors: Steudtner Tom , Thomsen Anders Eller 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We determine the three-loop $$ \overline{\textrm{MS}} $$

MS
¯

quartic β-function for the most general renormalisable four-dimensional theories. A general parametrisation of the β-function is compared to known β-functions for specific theories to fix all coefficients. Three-loop β-functions for the cubic coupling and scalar mass terms also follow from the result, which is made available in software packages.
Replica Rényi wormholes and generalised modular entropy in JT gravity
Authors: Hollowood Timothy J. , Kumar S. Prem , Piper Luke C. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We consider the problem of computing semi-classical Rényi entropies of CFT on AdS2 backgrounds in JT gravity with nongravitating baths, for general replica number n. Away from the n → 1 limit, the backreaction of the CFT twist fields on the geometry is nontrivial. For one twist field insertion and general n, we show that the quantum extremal surface (QES) condition involves extremisation of the generalised modular entropy, consistent with Dong’s generalisation of the Ryu-Takayanagi formula for general n. For multiple QES we describe replica wormhole geometries using the theory of Fuchsian uniformisation, explicitly working out the analytically tractable case of the n = 2 double trumpet wormhole geometry. We determine the off-shell dependence of the gravitational action on the QES locations and boundary map. In a factorisation limit, corresponding to late times, we are able to relate this action functional to area terms given by the value of the JT dilaton at the (off-shell) QES locations, with computable corrections. Applied to the two-sided eternal black hole, we find the n-dependent Page times for Rényi enropies in the high temperature limit.
Finite modular symmetries and the strong CP problem
Authors: Penedo J. T. , Petcov S. T. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recently, it was shown that modular symmetry may solve the strong CP problem without axions, by producing a vanishing QCD angle while generating a large quark CP violation phase. We extend this framework to finite modular groups, systematically identifying the allowed mass textures. We find quark fields must furnish 1D representations and scan the minimal model landscape.
Influence of new states in searches for negative gauge-Higgs couplings
Authors: de Lima Carlos Henrique , Stolarski Daniel 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
In this work, we explore how constraints based on interference effects for the negative gauge-Higgs coupling scenario are affected by new physics. Models that achieve this wrong-sign gauge-Higgs coupling inevitably have new charged Higgs states. These states affect the interpretation of interference effects. We recast the ATLAS analysis for VBF Wh, showing that the previously excluded negative gauge-Higgs coupling scenario is still experimentally viable for charged Higgs masses below 370 GeV. We show that it is possible to weaken this bound further with mild tuning in the parameter space. We discuss how to further constrain the wrong-sign gauge-Higgs coupling hypothesis and point out the potential of VBF Zh to exclude this scenario in a model-independent way.
Tooth segmentation by low-dose CBCT for orthodontic treatment planning
Authors: Ruetters Maurice , Gehrig Holger , Awounvo Sinclair , Kim Ti-Sun , Doll Sara , Alexandrou Korallia , Felten Anna , Lux Christopher , Sen Sinan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Purpose
Three-dimensional imaging has become an increasingly important component of orthodontics. Associated with this, however, is a higher radiation exposure for patients. New cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) devices have been developed that can provide low-dose CBCT (LD-CBCT). We hypothesized that LD-CBCT is as precise and reproducible as standard high-dose CBCT (HD-CBCT) in segmenting roots and crowns as well as measuring tooth length.

Methods
HD-CBCT and LD-CBCT scans were taken of four human cadaveric heads. Thirty single-rooted teeth were segmented twice by one investigator. The length of each tooth was also measured. Lin’s concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) was calculated to assess the agreement of HD-CBCT and LD-CBCT measurements and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to assess intrarater reliability. Analyses were supported by Bland–Altman plots.

Results
Volume measurements obtained using HD-CBCT were significantly higher than those obtained using LD-CBCT (p < 0.001). CCC was 0.975 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.956–0.986) indicating excellent agreement between the two modalities. Intrarater reliability between the two sets of LD-CBCT and HD-CBCT volume measurements was excellent (ICC = 0.998, 95%CI = 0.995–0.999 [HD-CBCT], ICC = 0.997, 95%CI = 0.992–0.998 [LD-CBCT]). CCC for tooth length measurements was 0.991 (95% CI = 0.983–0.995), indicating excellent agreement between HD-CBCT and LD-CBCT. Intrarater reliabilities between the two sets of tooth length measurements were also excellent for both methods (ICC = 0.998, 95%CI = 0.995–0.999 [HD-CBCT], ICC = 0.997, 95%CI = 0.992–0.998 [LD-CBCT]).

Conclusions
Within the limitations of this experimental setting, LD-CBCT is as valid as HD-CBCT for measuring tooth length. Regarding the volume differences, in vivo studies are required to determine their clinical relevance.
Humoral and cellular response to the third COVID-19 vaccination in patients with inborn errors of immunity or mannose-binding lectin deficiency
Authors: Vossen Matthias G. , Kartnig Felix , Mrak Daniel , Simader Elisabeth , Stiasny Karin , Kain Renate , Perkmann Thomas , Haslacher Helmuth , Aberle Judith H. , Heinz Leonhard X. , Sieghart Daniela , Burgmann Heinz , Aletaha Daniel , Scheinecker Clemens , Bonelli Michael , Göschl Lisa 
Published: October 2024

SummaryImpaired immune response to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) vaccination has been reported in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Repetitive vaccinations are recommended for this vulnerable group. Due to the high diversity within IEI patients, additional safety and immunogenicity data are needed to better understand these aspects especially in less common immunodeficiency syndromes. In this prospective open-label clinical trial, we assessed the humoral immune response and the T‑cell response in patients with IEI or severe MBL (mannose-binding lectin) deficiency (IEI/MBLdef) after three vaccinations. A total of 16 patients and 16 matched healthy controls (HC) with suboptimal humoral response defined by anti-SARS-CoV‑2 RBD (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 receptor binding domain) antibodies below 1500 BAU/ml (binding antibody units per ml) after the second COVID-19 vaccination were enrolled in this study and qualified for a third mRNA vaccine dose. After 4 weeks following vaccination, 100% of HC and 75% of IEI/MBLdef patients exhibited anti-SARS-CoV‑2 RBD antibodies > 1500 BAU/ml, although the difference was not statistically significant (75% vs. 100%; p = 0.109). Although post-vaccination IEI/MBLdef patients demonstrated significantly increased anti-SARS-CoV‑2 RBD antibodies and neutralizing antibodies compared to baseline, these responses were significantly lower in IEI/MBLdef patients compared to HCs. Notably, the third vaccination augmented the cellular immune response to both wild-type and omicron peptide stimulation. No serious adverse events were reported within the 4‑week follow-up period and, importantly, vaccination had little to no effect on the long-term disease activity and fatigue. This trial strongly supports the recommendation of repeated COVID-19 vaccinations for patients suffering from immunodeficiencies, especially when they exhibit an initially limited response to the vaccine.
Bergman projection induced by radial weight acting on growth spaces
Authors: Moreno Álvaro Miguel , Peláez José Ángel , Taskinen Jari 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Let

$$\omega $$

ω

be a radial weight on the unit disc of the complex plane

$$\mathbb {D}$$

D

and denote by

$$\widehat{\omega }(r)=\int _r^1 \omega (s)\,ds$$

ω
^

(
r
)

=

∫
r
1

ω

(
s
)

d
s

the tail integrals. A radial weight

$$\omega $$

ω

belongs to the class

$$\widehat{\mathcal {D}}$$

D
^

if satisfies the upper doubling condition

$$\begin{aligned} \sup _{0<r<1}\frac{\widehat{\omega }(r)}{\widehat{\omega }\left( \frac{1+r}{2}\right) }<\infty . \end{aligned}$$

sup

0
<
r
<
1

ω
^

(
r
)

ω
^

1
+
r

2

<
∞
.

If

$$\nu $$

ν

or

$$\omega $$

ω

belongs to

$$\widehat{\mathcal {D}}$$

D
^

, we describe the boundedness of the Bergman projection

$$P_\omega $$

P
ω

induced by

$$\omega $$

ω

on the growth space

$$L^\infty _{\widehat{\nu }} =\{ f: \Vert f\Vert _{\infty ,v}=\text {ess sup}_{z\in \mathbb {D}} |f(z)|\widehat{\nu }(z)<\infty \}$$

L

ν
^

∞

=

{
f
:
‖
f
‖

∞
,
v

=
ess

sup

z
∈
D

|
f

(
z
)

|

ν
^

(
z
)

<
∞
}

in terms of neat conditions on the moments and/or the tail integrals of

$$\omega $$

ω

and

$$\nu $$

ν

. Moreover, we solve the analogous problem for

$$P_\omega $$

P
ω

from

$$L^\infty _{\widehat{\nu }}$$

L

ν
^

∞

to the Bloch type space

$$\mathcal {B}^\infty _{\widehat{\nu }} = \{f\, \text {analytic in} \mathbb {D}: \Vert f\Vert _{\mathcal {B}^\infty _{\widehat{\nu }}} $$

B

ν
^

∞

=

{
f

analytic in
D
:
‖
f
‖

B

ν
^

∞

$$= \sup _{z\in \mathbb {D}}(1-|z|)\widehat{\nu }(z)|f'(z)|<\infty \}.$$

=

sup

z
∈
D

(
1
-
|
z
|
)

ν
^

(
z
)

|

f
′

(
z
)

|
<
∞
}

.

Similar questions for exponentially decreasing radial weights will also be studied.
Divorce law reforms and house prices in Europe
Authors: González-Val Rafael , Marcén Miriam 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the static and dynamic effects of legal reforms facilitating divorce on housing prices. Multiple mechanisms, such as variations in housing demand and supply, can be influenced by these law reforms. On the one hand, divorced individuals often require separate dwellings, thus increasing housing demand. On the other hand, an increase in supply is often precipitated by the divorcées needing to sell their married home. Detailed information was collected regarding the historical changes in divorce laws across ten European countries from 1960 to 2008. This data was combined with information from the annual Real House Price Index developed by Knoll et al. (Am Econ Rev 107:331–353, 2017). The study regards the divorce law reforms as providing a quasi-experimental setting. This is primarily because the entry timings of these reforms differ across countries and their target is not regulation of the housing market, but rather to simplify the dissolution of marriages. The study finds that divorce law reforms accounted for a substantial 22% of the average interannual increment in the Real House Price Index, particularly 3–6 years post reforms. Such a short-term, yet significant, impact was found to be consistent even after performing identification checks and including time-variant and invariant controls.
Facile Preparation of Cross-Linked Moringa oleifera Seed Hulls Powder/Hydroxyapatite Framework Composite for Efficient Removal of Toluidine Blue and Methyl Violet 2B from Aqueous Solution
Authors: Mandjewil Albert , Ngueagni Patrick T. , Fotsing Patrick N. , Vieillard Julien , Fadimatou Ngoungoure M. , Oyewo Opeyemi A. , Makgato Seshibe S. , Onwudiwe Damian C. , Mawire Ashmore , Woumfo Emmanuel D. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this study, adsorption of two cationic dyes, Toluidine Blue (TB) and Methyl violet 2B (MV 2B) from an aqueous solution was achieved by using multifunctional composite material. The formulation of the composite (MO@HA) was obtained by using Moringa oleifera seed hull powder, calcium chloride (CaCl2), and ammonium hydrogenophosphate (NH4)2HPO4 salts. Surface morphology, functional groups, specific surface area, and surface charge of the composite were explored using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), BET analysis, and point of zero charge (PZC), respectively. The composite material resulted in a structural change in the surface of the adsorbents, increased oxygen vacancies, enhancement of active sites, and a specific surface area of 735.55 m2 g−1. Different adsorption parameters such as pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial concentration were evaluated. The adsorption study showed that equilibrium was reached after 60 min, and the optimum adsorption pH for both dyes (TB and MV 2B) was 6. Langmuir, Freundlich, Liu, and Temkin were fitted to describe the adsorption isotherm, both TB and MV 2B had best correlation with Liu isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity of TB and MV 2B were 341.488 and 182.453 mg g−1, respectively. Adsorption-desorption cycling studies on the adsorbent confirmed its regeneration and reusability after 5 cycles. A possible adsorption mechanism involving electrostatic interactions, n-π bonding, and hydrogen bonding was suggested. These findings highlight a new direction in the development of efficient and sustainable adsorbent in environmental remediation, specifically in the removal of dyes from aqueous solution.
Throughput improvement in ACO-OFDM-based VLC systems using noise cancellation and precoding techniques
Authors: Zenhom Yasser A. , Hamad Ehab K. I. , Elnabawy Mohamed M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the primary challenges faced by visible light communication (VLC) systems employing optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing is the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR). This study is dedicated to designing, simulating, and evaluating bit error rate (BER) and PAPR reduction methods tailored for the VLC broadcasting system. The asymmetric clipped optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ACO-OFDM) scheme is highlighted in this work for its impressive performance. Therefore, the proposed PAPR mitigation methodologies applied to ACO-OFDM. The proposed PAPR reduction strategy involves 5 distinct precoding methodologies. The PAPR was mitigated by 3.485 dB after applying the DST precoding methodology. Still, the WHT precoding methodology can achieve PAPR reduction by 1.131 dB, without BER performance degradation, with respect to the conventional ACO-OFDM system. Furthermore, the work addresses another challenge in VLC systems: the bit error rate (BER). This is accomplished by introducing approaches to Time Domain Noise Cancelation and Frequency Domain Noise Cancelation (FDNC). The BER performance of these 2 receiver models is nearly the same. The simulation results indicate the system performance enhancement after applying noise cancellation approaches by 1.65 dB at the 4-QAM modulation scheme and 2.97 dB at the 1024-QAM modulation scheme. The 16-QAM modulation scheme, after applying DST and WHT methodologies alongside noise cancellation approaches, can enhance both PAPR by 20.83% and 6.76%, but the Eb/N0 performance enhancement by 10.10% and 14.64%, respectively. Additionally, the effectiveness and validity of the proposed schemes are verified by comparing them with relevant literature reviews on PAPR reduction techniques and selecting an optimal choice among them.