bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Blocking analysis of persistent resource allocations for M2M applications in wireless systems
Authors: Brown Jason , Afrin Nusrat , Khan Jamil Y 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWide area wireless systems conventionally employ dynamic scheduling for stochastic or bursty applications and persistent resource allocations of a given period for deterministic applications such as voice. When considering persistent resource allocations for machine‐to‐machine (M2M) applications from different markets, a wide range of allocation periods may be required to fully support the diversity of applications. The set of periods supported by the wireless system is a compromise between efficient use of the available resources and supporting as many M2M applications as possible. We consider two schemes: a simply periodic system which offers a limited set of periods with very efficient use of resources, and a complex periodic system which offers a wider range of periods at the cost of lower efficiency. We derive formulae for the blocking probability of these two systems by considering different resource sharing policies of the Erlang Multirate Loss Model (EMLM) and the concepts of packing (when a new persistent allocation is admitted to the system) and repacking (when an existing persistent allocation leaves the system). The theoretical models are verified using a discrete event simulation with variable offered traffic loads. The concepts discussed in this paper are generic, but may find particular application in Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) networks for the purposes of system configuration (particularly in terms of the set of periods supported for persistent allocations), resource dimensioning and system performance characterisation. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and standardization of the “Let's Shop” questionnaire: an assessment of shopping habits and executive functions in people with obesity
Authors: Akerman Frid Sarit , Josman Naomi , Endevelt Ronit 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOverweight and obesity are epidemic in Western countries and the literature suggests a relationship between overweight and executive functions (EF). Shopping is a regular, everyday activity that is strongly related to executive functioning. To date, no assessment tool has been developed to evaluate EF in adults with overweight and obesity, with a focus on the activity of shopping. To determine the factorial validity of the newly developed “Let's Shop” questionnaire. A convenience sample which included three groups of 93 men and women aged 35–60 were included in the study. Thirty three overweight participants and 30 obese participants who sought a clinical dietitian constituted the two research groups, and 30 normal weight participants recruited from a physician's waiting room constituted the control group and were matched to the two research groups by age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status. The “Let's Shop” questionnaire was administered to all participants. An exploratory principal factor extraction with oblimin rotation was conducted for the “Let's Shop” questionnaire. Twenty‐one items were entered into the equation; the analysis revealed four distinct factors comprised of 17 items. The cumulative percentage of variance accounted for by the four factors was 44.74%. The four factors were as follows: “planning in action” α = 0.63; “planning ahead” α = 0.71; “impulsivity” α = 0.67; and “habits” α = 0.63. The “Let's Shop” questionnaire was reduced to 17 items. This brief questionnaire will enable rapid administration by researchers and practitioners and determine a potential association between EF in the supermarket arena and weight status.
Isocassiaoccidentalin B, A New C‐Glycosyl Flavone Containing a 3‐Keto Sugar, and Other Constituents from Cassia nomame
Authors: Syed Ahmed Shah , Akram Muhammad , Bae Ok‐Nam , Kim Chul Young 
Published: August 2016

A new C‐glycosyl flavone containing a 3‐keto sugar, isocassiaoccidentalin B (1), was isolated from whole Cassia nomame (Sieber) Honda plants, along with eleven known compounds, including two flavonoids (2 and 3), five flavonoid glycosides (4 – 8), two chalcones (9 and 10), and two phenylpropanoids (11 and 12). The chemical structures of all compounds were determined via 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and ESI‐MS. Among these, compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8 were found to be the most potent in inhibiting nitric oxide release. Compounds 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, and 10 showed significant free‐radical scavenging activity.
Influence of Onabotulinumtoxin A on testes of the growing rat
Authors: Breikaa Randa M. , Mosli Hisham A. , Abdel‐Naim Ashraf B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOnabotulinumtoxin A (onabotA) is gaining wide medical use in children. The present study was planned to investigate the influence of its injection on the maturing testicular structures in rats. Immature rats were injected in the bilateral cremaster muscles by onabotA with three doses of (10, 20, and 40 U/kg) three times in a 2‐week interval. The effect of these injections on fertility indices was examined. Levels of antisperm antibodies and several apoptosis parameters were also investigated. DNA content in form of ploidy and histopathological alterations were assessed. OnabotA‐injected groups showed decreased sperm count and semen quality, while sperm vitality, morphology, and testosterone levels were not significantly affected. Furthermore, DNA flow cytometric analysis confirmed delayed sperm maturation. Apoptosis markers were significantly increased by the injections. In conclusion, onabotA injection in growing rats adversely affected sperm count and maturation. OnabotA testicular effects are mediated, at least partly, by apoptosis.
Proton Pump Inhibitors Are Not Associated With Acute Kidney Injury in Critical Illness
Authors: Lee Joon , Mark Roger G. , Celi Leo Anthony , Danziger John 
Published: August 2016

AbstractRecent epidemiologic data linking proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use to acute and chronic kidney dysfunction is yet to be validated in other populations, and mechanisms have not been explored. Using a large, well phenotyped inception cohort of 15 063 critically ill patients, we examined the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI), as defined by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria guidelines, according to prior use of a PPI, histamine‐2 receptor antagonist (H2RA), or neither. A total of 3725 (24.7%) patients reported PPI use prior to admission, while 905 (6.0%) patients reported H2RA use. AKI occurred in 747 (20.0%) and 163 (18.0%) of PPI and H2RA users respectively, compared to 1712 (16.2%) of those not taking acid suppressive medications. In unadjusted analysis, PPI and H2RA users had a 28% (95%CI 1.17‐1.41, P < .001) and 10% (95%CI 0.91‐1.30, P = .31) higher risk of AKI compared to those taking neither class of medication. However, in sequential models that included adjustment for demographics, cardiovascular comorbidities, indications for PPI use, and severity of illness, the effect of PPI on the risk of AKI was attenuated, and in the adjusted analysis, PPI was not associated with AKI (OR 1.02; 95%CI 0.91‐1.13, P = .73). The presence of sterile pyuria and hypomagnesemia did not modify the association between PPI use and AKI. In summary, after adjustment for demographics, illness severity, and the indication for PPI use, PPI use prior to admission is not associated with critical illness AKI.
A multidisciplinary approach to prenatal treatment of congenital long QT syndrome
Authors: Crimmins Sarah , Vashit Sudhir , Doyle Lauren , Harman Chris , Turan Ozhan , Turan Sifa 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTA 27‐week fetus evaluated for bradycardia and hydrops was found to have anti‐SSA‐negative 2° atrioventricular block and ventricular tachycardia. A presumptive diagnosis of fetal long QT syndrome was made. Transplacental pharmacotherapy with intravenous magnesium and lidocaine restored sinus rhythm. At 30 6/7 weeks, the infant was delivered due to premature labor. Despite postnatal treatment with mexiletine and propranolol, she developed torsades de pointes. Ultimately, a de novo KCNH2 G628S mutation was diagnosed. She received an implantable cardiac defibrillator at 5 months of age. Early diagnosis and a multidisciplinary approach allowed successful in utero treatment and anticipatory postnatal management. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:168–170, 2017
Nervous system development in the fairy shrimpBranchinellasp. (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Anostraca): Insights into the development and evolution of the branchiopod brain and its sensory organs
Authors: Frase Thomas , Richter Stefan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTUsing immunohistochemical labeling against acetylated a‐tubulin and serotonin in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy and 3D‐reconstruction, we investigated the temporary freshwater pond inhabitantBranchinellasp. (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Anostraca) for the first time to provide detailed data on the development of the anostracan nervous system. Protocerebral sense organs such as the nauplius eye and frontal filament organs are present as early as the hatching stage L0. In the postnaupliar region, two terminal pioneer neurons grow from posterior to anterior to connect the mandibular neuromeres. The first protocerebral neuropil to emerge is not part of the central complex but represents the median neuropil, and begins to develop from L0+ onwards. In stage L3, the first evidence of developing compound eyes is visible. This is followed by the formation of the visual neuropils and the neuropils of the central complex in the protocerebrum. From the deutocerebral lobes, the projecting neuron tract proceeds to both sides of the lateral protocerebrum, forming a chiasma just behind the central body. In the postnaupliar region, the peripheral nervous system, commissures and connectives develop along an anterior–posterior gradient after the fasciculation of the terminal pioneer neurons with the mandibular neuromere. The peripheral nervous system in the thoracic segments consists of two longitudinal neurite bundles on each side which connect the intersegmental nerves, together with the ventral nervous system forming an orthogon‐like network. Here, we discuss, among other things, the evidence of a fourth nauplius eye nerve and decussating projecting neuron tract found inBranchinellasp., and provide arguments to support our view that the crustacean frontal filament (organ) and onychophoran primary antenna are homologous. J. Morphol. 277:1423–1446, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mucosal modulation of contractility in bladder strips from normal and overactive rat models and the effect of botulinum toxin A on overactive bladder strips
Authors: Campbell Patrick C. , McDonnell Bronagh , Monaghan Kevin P. , Baysting Lauren , Little Oonagh , McCloskey Karen D. 
Published: August 2016

AIMSTo investigate the local, regulatory role of the mucosa on bladder strip contractility from normal and overactive bladders and to examine the effect of botulinum toxin A (BoNT‐A).METHODSBladder strips from spontaneously hyperactive rat (SHR) or normal rats (Sprague Dawley, SD) were dissected for myography as intact or mucosa‐free preparations. Spontaneous, neurogenic and agonist‐evoked contractions were investigated. SHR strips were incubated in BoNT‐A (3 h) to assess effects on contractility.RESULTSSpontaneous contraction amplitude, force‐integral or frequency were not significantly different in SHR mucosa‐free strips compared with intacts. In contrast, spontaneous contraction amplitude and force‐integral were smaller in SD mucosa‐free strips than in intacts; frequency was not affected by the mucosa. Frequency of spontaneous contractions in SHR strips was significantly greater than in SD strips.Neurogenic contractions in mucosa‐free SHR and SD strips at higher frequencies were smaller than in intact strips. The mucosa did not affect carbachol‐evoked contractions in intact versus mucosa‐free strips from SHR or SD bladders.BoNT‐A reduced spontaneous contractions in SHR intact strips; this trend was also observed in mucosa‐free strips but was not significant. Neurogenic and carbachol‐evoked contractions were reduced by BoNT‐A in mucosa‐free but not intact strips. Depolarisation‐induced contractions were smaller in BoNT‐A‐treated mucosa‐free strips.CONCLUSIONSThe mucosal layer positively modulates spontaneous contractions in strips from normal SD but not overactive SHR bladder strips. The novel finding of BoNT‐A reduction of contractions in SHR mucosa‐free strips indicates actions on the detrusor, independent of its classical action on neuronal SNARE complexes.
A pilot study of cardiac electrophysiology catheters to map and pace bladder electrical activity
Authors: Kelley Robert S. , Vardy Michael D. , Simons Grant R. , Chen Henry , Ascher‐Walsh Charles , Brodman Michael 
Published: August 2016

AIMSThis is a pilot study to evaluate the feasibility of using diagnostic cardiac electrophysiology catheters for recording intrinsic urinary bladder electrical activity and for electrical pacing capture of bladder tissue.METHODSDuring cystoscopy, a curved quadripolar catheter was introduced and contact was made with the right and left halves of the dome and trigone in adult female patients undergoing cystoscopy. Electrical activity was recorded, using a commercially available cardiac electrophysiologic recording system, before and during pacing at 0.5–3.0 Hz.RESULTSApparent spontaneous electrical depolarizations were detected in both the trigone and the dome. The amplitude of these depolarizations was in the microVolt range. During pacing, local electrical capture was noted in the trigone, but not in the dome.CONCLUSIONSSpontaneous low‐amplitude electrical activity was detected in the bladder through the use of commercially available cardiac electrophysiology equipment. While these low‐level signals could represent noise, the voltage, and morphology resemble detrusor muscle action potentials previously seen in animal studies. Pacing induced local electrical capture in the trigone but not the dome.
Associated ultrasonographic findings in fetuses with microcephaly because of suspected Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy
Authors: Carvalho Francisco Herlânio Costa , Cordeiro Kárita Melo , Peixoto Alberto Borges , Tonni Gabriele , Moron Antonio Fernandes , Feitosa Francisco Edson Lucena , Feitosa Helvécio Neves , Araujo Júnior Edward 
Published: August 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo describe fetal ultrasonographic findings and outcomes in a series of cases of fetal microcephaly associated with Zika virus infection.MethodsRetrospective case series of microcephaly with definite (laboratory evidence) or highly probable (specific neuroimaging findings and negative laboratory results) maternal Zika virus infection. Microcephaly was graded as mild if the head circumference was between 2 and 3 standard deviation (SD) below the mean, and severe if 3 or more SD below the mean. Associated central nervous system (CNS) and extracranial malformations are described.ResultsNineteen singleton pregnancies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified. Severe microcephaly and mild microcephaly were identified in 14 and 5 fetuses, respectively. Additional CNS malformations were present in 17 cases and 7 had extracranial congenital anomalies. Symptoms were reported in 13/19 cases at a gestational age between 5 and 16 weeks. Mean (±SD) gestational age at ultrasound diagnosis was 32.3 ± 5.1 weeks. Amniocentesis was performed in five cases at a median gestational age of 31 weeks (range 28–38) and was positive for Zika virus RT‐PCR in two cases. There were three neonatal deaths and one stillbirth.ConclusionIn the presence of fetal microcephaly associated with Zika virus infection, CNS malformations are frequently detected. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gray wolf harvest in Idaho
Authors: Ausband David E. 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTRegulated harvest is a relatively new phenomenon for gray wolves (Canis lupus) in the contiguous United States. Most studies of wolf harvest have been conducted in northern latitudes where wolf populations are large and human densities are low. Insights from wolf harvest in northern North America may not accurately describe wolf harvest in the lower 48 states. I assessed the efficacy of the recently (2009, 2011–2014) reinstated wolf harvest in Idaho, USA, to test whether it was selective for certain characteristics of individual wolves. I predicted that males and females would be harvested at similar rates, pups would be more common in trap than rifle harvest, most harvest would be from trapping, and harvest effort would not decline over time. Additionally, I predicted that black wolves would be selected as trophies and more frequent in rifle than trap harvest. Male wolves were more vulnerable to rifle harvest than females, pups were not more vulnerable to trapping, trapping did not comprise most of the harvest, and effort did not appear to change over time. Lastly, black wolves were not effectively targeted as trophies. I recommend continued monitoring of wolf harvest to further test harvest‐related predictions that provide insights specific to wolves and ecological systems of the conterminous United States. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Yttrium‐90 Radioembolization for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prior to Liver Transplantation
Authors: Ettorre Giuseppe Maria , Levi Sandri Giovanni Battista , Laurenzi Andrea , Colasanti Marco , Meniconi Roberto Luca , Lionetti Raffaella , Santoro Roberto , Lepiane Pasquale , Sciuto Rosa , Pizzi Giuseppe , Cianni Roberto , Golfieri Rita , D’Offizi Gianpiero , Pellicelli Adriano M. , Antonini Mario , Vennarecci Giovanni 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundLiver transplantation (LT) is a well‐established procedure for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) within the Milan criteria. Yttrium‐90 microspheres radioembolization (Y90‐RE) has shown to be an effective and safe treatment of primary liver tumors. We retrospectively evaluate the efficacy of the Y90‐RE in patients with HCC prior to LT.MethodsFrom January 2002 to December 2015, 365 patients were transplanted at the San Camillo Hospital Center. One hundred forty‐three patients were transplanted for HCC, and in 22 cases the patients were treated with Y90‐RE before LT.ResultsThree patients were treated with Y90‐RE within the Milan criteria, and 19 patients were out of criteria before Y90‐RE. Four patients had an increasing MELD score between Y90‐RE and LT. On the other hand, alpha‐fetoprotein decreases after Y90‐RE treatment in all cases. No patient death was observed in Y90‐RE procedure or at LT. In 78.9 % of cases, a successful downstaging was observed, and in 100 % of cases bridging was achieved. From Y90‐RE treatment overall survival was 43.9 months. From LT, overall mean survival was 30.2 months with a free survival of 29.6 months. The overall survival after LT analysis between the patients treated with Y90‐RE and patients without was not significant (p = 0.113). Free survival analysis was not significant (p = 0.897) between the two populations.ConclusionsWe successfully performed LT in patients after Y90‐RE treatment both as bridging and downstaging for HCC and obtained a similar overall and free survival of LT for HCC within Milan criteria. Y90‐RE becomes a real option to provide curative therapy for patients who traditionally are not considered eligible for surgery.
Governing local supplier opportunism in China: Moderating role of institutional forces
Authors: Wang Mengyang , Zhang Qiyuan , Wang Yonggui , Sheng Shibin 
Published: August 2016

AbstractChina provides a vast and prominent manufacturing base, so curtailing its local supplier opportunism represents a primary concern for local and foreign buyers. Drawing on institutional theory, this study examines how regulatory uncertainty and relationship structure moderate the role of contracts and trust in restricting local supplier opportunism in China. An analysis of 293 buyer–supplier dyads in China reveals that contracts are more effective in deterring supplier opportunism when regulatory uncertainty is high. In addition, contracts help curtail opportunism more in domestic, compared with international, buyer–supplier relationships, whereas trust is more effective in restricting supplier opportunism in international relationships than in domestic ones.
HOUSEHOLD STRUCTURE, LEFT-BEHIND ELDERLY, AND RURAL MIGRATION IN CHINA
Authors: FENGBO CHEN , LUCAS HENRY , BLOOM GERRY , SHIJUN DING 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe influence of household demographic composition on rural migration in China has received limited attention. With data from a household survey in China's Sichuan and Hubei Provinces, this paper uses Probit models to explore the influence of household structure on migration decisions. It suggests that the three-generation household encourages out-migration, with the elderly playing an important role in supporting the migration of younger members by caring for their children. In contrast with earlier findings, the serious illness of an elderly member did not encourage the return of young migrants or discourage migration decisions unless the household included young children.
“The Art or Mystery of Physick” – Asante Medicinal Plants and the Western Ordering of Botanical Knowledge
Authors: McCaskie Tom C. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract:This paper deals with aspects of the still relatively neglected history of African medicinal plants. The core of the paper is a discussion in tabular form of the plants collected in the West African forest kingdom of Asante in 1817 by Henry Tedlie, a member of the well known English mission led by Thomas Bowdich. More generally, the paper considers episodes in the accumulation of Akan, Asante, and African plant specimens by Europeans, and the eventual classification of these in a western authorized botanical taxonomy that is now in worldwide use. The gathering of potentially medicinal plants is a little studied facet of European global expansion, from exploration to colonialism and beyond, and of the sovereign scientific orthodoxy that became established alongside it. The paper frames and discusses relevant details of this process over thelongue durée, from pre-Linnaean taxonomies to current controversies over bioprospecting.
Laboratory astrophysics with laser-driven strong magnetic fields in China
Authors: Wang Fei-Lu , Pei Xiao-Xing , Han Bo , Wei Hui-Gang , Yuan Da-Wei , Liang Gui-Yun , Zhao Gang , Zhong Jia-Yong , Zhang Zhe , Zhu Bao-Jun , Li Yan-Fei , Li Fang , Li Yu-Tong , Zeng Si-Liang , Zou Shi-Yang , Zhang Jie 
Published: August 2016

In this paper, the recent studies of laboratory astrophysics with strong magnetic fields in China have been reviewed. On the Shenguang-II laser facility of the National Laboratory on High-Power Lasers and Physics, a laser-driven strong magnetic field up to 200 T has been achieved. The experiment was performed to model the interaction of solar wind with dayside magnetosphere. Also the low beta plasma magnetic reconnection (MR) has been studied. Theoretically, the model has been developed to deal with the atomic structures and processes in strong magnetic field. Also the study of shock wave generation in the magnetized counter-streaming plasmas is introduced.