bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Class III-specific HDAC inhibitor Tenovin-6 induces apoptosis, suppresses migration and eliminates cancer stem cells in uveal melanoma
Authors: Dai Wei , Zhou Jingfeng , Jin Bei , Pan Jingxuan 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common intraocular malignancy in adults. Despite improvements in surgical, radiation and chemotherapy treatments, the overall survival of UM and prognosis remain poor. In the present study, we hypothesized that Sirtuin 1 and 2 (SIRT1/2), class III histone deacetylases (HDACs), were critical in controlling the destiny of bulk tumor cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) of UM. We testified this hypothesis in four lines of UM cells (92.1, Mel 270, Omm 1 and Omm 2.3). Our results showed that inhibition of SIRT1/2 by Tenovin-6 induced apoptosis in UM cells by activating the expression of tumor suppressor genes such as p53 and elevating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tenovin-6 inhibited the growth of UM cells. Tenovin-6 and vinblastine was synergistic in inducing apoptosis of UM cell line 92.1 and Mel 270. Furthermore, Tenovin-6 eliminated cancer stem cells in 92.1 and Mel 270 cells. In conclusion, our findings suggest that Tenovin-6 may be a promising agent to kill UM bulk tumor cells and CSCs.
H/C atomic ratio as a smart linkage between pyrolytic temperatures, aromatic clusters and sorption properties of biochars derived from diverse precursory materials
Authors: Xiao Xin , Chen Zaiming , Chen Baoliang 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBiochar is increasingly gaining attention due to multifunctional roles in soil amelioration, pollution mitigation and carbon sequestration. It is a significant challenge to compare the reported results from world-wide labs regarding the structure and sorption of biochars derived from various precursors under different pyrolytic conditions due to a lack of a simple linkage. By combining the published works on various biochars, we established a quantitative relationship between H/C atomic ratio and pyrolytic temperature (T), aromatic structure and sorption properties for naphthalene and phenanthrene. A reverse sigmoid shape between T and the H/C ratio was observed, which was independent of the precursors of biochars, including the ash contents. Linear correlations of Freundlich parameters (N, log Kf) and sorption amount (log Qe, log QA) with H/C ratios were found. A rectangle-like model was proposed to predict the aromatic cluster sizes of biochars from their H/C ratios and then a good structure-sorption relationship was derived. These quantitative relationships indicate that the H/C atomic ratio is a universal linkage to predict pyrolytic temperatures, aromatic cluster sizes and sorption characteristics. This study would guide the global study of biochars toward being comparable and then the development of the structure-sorption relationships will benefit the structural design and environmental application of biochars.
The γH2AX DNA damage assay from a drop of blood
Authors: Heylmann Daniel , Kaina Bernd 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDNA double-strand breaks (DSB) and blocked replication forks activate the DNA damage response (DDR), a signaling pathway marked by phosphorylation of histone 2AX (H2AX). The phosphorylated form, γH2AX, accumulates at the site of damage and can be detected as foci by immunocytochemistry. Therefore, γH2AX is a sensitive and robust biomarker of DNA damage, notably DSB. Cells from peripheral blood are often used for studies on genotoxic exposure of humans. They are limited, however, by the amount of blood required and the costly blood purification method. Here, we present a method that enables the detection of DNA damage by the analysis of γH2AX foci in a drop of blood. The blood drop method (BDM) is simple, fast, inexpensive and allows large series of blood sampling and storage over time. It can be combined with genotoxic treatment of cells in the collected blood sample for experimental purposes on DNA damage induction and repair. The BDM is suitable for rapid and large-scale screenings of genetic damage in human and animal populations.
Acetylation mimic of lysine 280 exacerbates human Tau neurotoxicity in vivo
Authors: Gorsky Marianna Karina , Burnouf Sylvie , Dols Jacqueline , Mandelkow Eckhard , Partridge Linda 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDysfunction and accumulation of the microtubule-associated human Tau (hTau) protein into intraneuronal aggregates is observed in many neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Reversible lysine acetylation has recently emerged as a post-translational modification that may play an important role in the modulation of hTau pathology. Acetylated hTau species have been observed within hTau aggregates in human AD brains and multi-acetylation of hTau in vitro regulates its propensity to aggregate. However, whether lysine acetylation at position 280 (K280) modulates hTau-induced toxicity in vivo is unknown. We generated new Drosophila transgenic models of hTau pathology to evaluate the contribution of K280 acetylation to hTau toxicity, by analysing the respective toxicity of pseudo-acetylated (K280Q) and pseudo-de-acetylated (K280R) mutant forms of hTau. We observed that mis-expression of pseudo-acetylated K280Q-hTau in the adult fly nervous system potently exacerbated fly locomotion defects and photoreceptor neurodegeneration. In addition, modulation of K280 influenced total hTau levels and phosphorylation without changing hTau solubility. Altogether, our results indicate that pseudo-acetylation of the single K280 residue is sufficient to exacerbate hTau neurotoxicity in vivo, suggesting that acetylated K280-hTau species contribute to the pathological events leading to neurodegeneration in AD.
Changes in the morphology and protein expression of germ cells and Sertoli cells in plateau pikas testes during non-breeding season
Authors: Liu Ming , Cao Guangming , Zhang Yanming , Qu Jiapeng , Li Wei , Wan Xinrong , Li Yu-xia , Zhang Zhibin , Wang Yan-ling , Gao Fei 
Published: March 2016

AbstractPlateau pikas are seasonally breeding small herbivores that inhabit the meadow ecosystem of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Testis regression in plateau pikas begins in early June, and the male pikas are completely infertile, with a dramatically reduced testis size, in late July. In this study, a decreased germ cell number in the testes was first noted in early June. By late June, only Sertoli cells and a small number of spermatogonia remained. Interestingly, large gonocyte-like germ cells were observed in early July. In late July, the number of gonocyte-like cells per tubule increased significantly, and most of the Sertoli cell nuclei moved to and clustered in the center of the seminiferous tubules. The gonocyte-like germ cells and Sertoli cells began to express AP-2γ and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) proteins, which were detected in the germ cells and Sertoli cells of juvenile pikas but not in adult testes. Simultaneously, LC3 puncta dramatically increased in the seminiferous tubules of the pikas’ testes during the non-breeding season. Our study found that spermatogonia and Sertoli cells in non-breeding adult pikas morphologically resembled those in juvenile pikas and expressed specific markers, indicating that de-differentiation-like transitions may occur during this process.
Genetic diversity and population structure of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subspecies bulgaricus isolated from naturally fermented dairy foods
Authors: Song Yuqin , Sun Zhihong , Guo Chenyi , Wu Yarong , Liu Wenjun , Yu Jie , Menghe Bilige , Yang Ruifu , Zhang Heping 
Published: March 2016

AbstractLactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus is one of the most widely used starter culture strains in industrial fermented dairy manufacture. It is also common in naturally fermented dairy foods made using traditional methods. The subsp. bulgaricus strains found in naturally fermented foods may be useful for improving current industrial starter cultures; however, little is known regarding its genetic diversity and population structure. Here, a collection of 298 L. delbrueckii strains from naturally fermented products in Mongolia, Russia and West China was analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing based on eight conserved genes. The 251 confirmed subsp. bulgaricus strains produced 106 unique sequence types, the majority of which were assigned to five clonal complexes (CCs). The geographical distribution of CCs was uneven, with CC1 dominated by Mongolian and Russian isolates and CC2–CC5 isolates exclusively from Xinjiang, China. Population structure analysis suggested six lineages, L1–L6, with various homologous recombination rates. Although L2–L5 were mainly restricted within specific regions, strains belonging to L1 and L6 were observed in diverse regions, suggesting historical transmission events. These results greatly enhance our knowledge of the population diversity of subsp. bulgaricus strains and suggest that strains from CC1 and L4 may be useful as starter strains in industrial fermentation.
Walleye Foraging Ecology in an Interconnected Chain of Lakes Influenced by Nonnative Species
Authors: Herbst Seth J. , Roth Brian M. , Hayes Daniel B. , Stockwell Jason D. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe Laurentian Great Lakes are a source of nonnative species for smaller inland lakes throughout the region; however, the foraging ecology of predators in smaller systems invaded by nonnative species has not been well studied. We used diet and stable isotope analyses to describe the contributions of native and nonnative forage species to the diets of Walleyes Sander vitreus within an inland lake chain invaded by multiple nonnative species. Our hypothesis was that the Walleyes' diet would be associated with the relative amount of prey available in littoral or offshore–pelagic habitats and would ultimately be linked to the dominant habitat type. We found that Walleyes in the study lakes exhibited flexibility in their dietary inclusion of nonnative prey species. Similar to predators in the Laurentian Great Lakes, Walleyes in smaller inland lakes integrated littoral nonnative species into their diets. However, Walleyes unexpectedly showed limited usage of accessible nonnative pelagic forage. We suggest that predator responses to species introductions are likely context dependent and warrant further investigation in multiple systems and with multiple predators to determine the full extent of nonnative species' integration into the food web and their influence on native populations.Received June 27, 2015; accepted November 2, 2015
Secondary metabolites in plants: transport and self-tolerance mechanisms
Authors: Shitan Nobukazu 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Plants produce a host of secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities, including potential toxicity to eukaryotic cells. Plants generally manage these compounds by transport to the apoplast or specific organelles such as the vacuole, or other self-tolerance mechanisms. For efficient production of such bioactive compounds in plants or microbes, transport and self-tolerance mechanisms should function cooperatively with the corresponding biosynthetic enzymes. Intensive studies have identified and characterized the proteins responsible for transport and self-tolerance. In particular, many transporters have been isolated and their physiological functions have been proposed. This review describes recent progress in studies of transport and self-tolerance and provides an updated inventory of transporters according to their substrates. Application of such knowledge to synthetic biology might enable efficient production of valuable secondary metabolites in the future.
Powerful decomposition of complex traits in a diploid model using Phased Outbred Lines
Authors: Hallin Johan , Märtens Kaspar , Young Alexander I. , Zackrisson Martin , Salinas Francisco , Parts Leopold , Warringer Jonas , Liti Gianni 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTExplaining trait differences between individuals is a core but challenging aim of life sciences. Here, we introduce a powerful framework for complete decomposition of trait variation into its underlying genetic causes in diploid model organisms. We intercross two natural genomes over many sexual generations, sequence and systematically pair the recombinant gametes into a large array of diploid hybrids with fully assembled and phased genomes, termed Phased Outbred Lines (POLs). We demonstrate the capacity of the framework by partitioning fitness traits of 7310 yeast POLs across many environments, achieving near complete trait heritability (meanH2= 91%) and precisely estimating additive (74%), dominance (8%), second (9%) and third (1.8%) order epistasis components. We found nonadditive quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to outnumber (3:1) but to be weaker than additive loci; dominant contributions to heterosis to outnumber overdominant (3:1); and pleiotropy to be the rule rather than the exception. The POL approach presented here offers the most complete decomposition of diploid traits to date and can be adapted to most model organisms.
Environmental gene regulatory influence networks in rice (Oryza sativa):response to water deficit, high temperature and agricultural environments
Authors: Wilkins Olivia , Hafemeister Christoph , Plessis Anne , Holloway-Phillips Meisha-Marika , Pham Gina M. , Nicotra Adrienne B. , Gregorio Glenn B. , Jagadish S.V. Krishna , Septiningsih Endang M. , Bonneau Richard , Purugganan Michael 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTEnvironmental Gene Regulatory Influence Networks (EGRINs) coordinate the timing and rate of gene expression in response to environmental and developmental signals. EGRINs encompass many layers of regulation, which culminate in changes in the level of accumulated transcripts. Here we infer EGRINs for the response of five tropical Asian rice cultivars to high temperatures, water deficit, and agricultural field conditions, by systematically integrating time series transcriptome data (720 RNA-seq libraries), patterns of nucleosome-free chromatin (18 ATAC-seq libraries), and the occurrence of known cis-regulatory elements. First, we identify 5,447 putative target genes for 445 transcription factors (TFs) by connecting TFs with genes with known cis-regulatory motifs in nucleosome-free chromatin regions proximal to transcriptional start sites (TSS) of genes. We then use network component analysis to estimate the regulatory activity for these TFs from the expression of these putative target genes. Finally, we inferred an EGRIN using the estimated TFA as the regulator. The EGRIN included regulatory interactions between 4,052 target genes regulated by 113 TFs. We resolved distinct regulatory roles for members of a large TF family, including a putative regulatory connection between abiotic stress and the circadian clock, as well as specific regulatory functions for TFs in the drought response. TFA estimation using network component analysis is an effective way of incorporating multiple genome-scale measurements into network inference and that supplementing data from controlled experimental conditions with data from outdoor field conditions increases the resolution for EGRIN inference.
A Mannich base 1-phenyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propanone: synthesis and performance study on corrosion inhibition for N80 steel in 15% hydrochloric acid
Authors: Pan Yuan , Zhan Fengtao , Lu Zhifeng , Lin Yan , Yang Zhen , Wang Zheng 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to set out a study of a Mannich base, which was synthesized and used as an acidizing corrosion inhibitor first, and to the corrosion inhibitor mechanism.

Design/methodology/approach
– A Mannich base, 1-phenyl-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-propanone (PHPP), was synthesized with acetophenone, pyrrolidine and formaldehyde at pH = approximately 2-3. The structure of PHPP was characterized by elemental analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The corrosion inhibition of PHPP on N80 steel in 15 per cent hydrochloric acid (HCl) was studied by weight loss method, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX), and the adsorption behavior of PHPP on the surface of N80 steel was discussed.

Findings
– The results showed that the inhibition efficiency reached to 99.8 per cent and corrosion rate was 2.65 gÂ·m-2Â·h-1 at 0.6 per cent of PHPP concentration in 15 per cent HCl, which indicated that PHPP presented excellent corrosion inhibition performance. The results of SEM and EDAX analysis showed that PHPP could be absorbed on the surface of N80 steel. The adsorption process of PHPP on the surface of N80 steel was chemisorption. This process was spontaneous and obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

Originality/value
– It was found that PHPP presented excellent corrosion inhibition performance, and it is practicable to enhance oil production in oilfield development as a oil-well acidizing inhibitor. The study results can provide theoretical guidelines for the development of the inhibitor.
Perceived discrimination against immigrants in the workplace
Authors: Enoksen Elisabeth 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine how perceptions of organizational justice and social-focussed personal values influence perceived discrimination against immigrants in the workplace.

Design/methodology/approach
– A sample of 224 employees of a mental health clinic in Norway completed Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire that measures personal values, Colquitt’s Organizational Justice Scale, and scale measuring perceived discrimination against immigrant in the workplace.

Findings
– Perceived organizational justice and the social-focussed value universalism contributed significantly in explaining variance in perceived discrimination against immigrants in the workplace. Employees who scored low on perceived organizational justice scored high on perceived discrimination against immigrants, and employees who scored high on the value universalism scored high on perceived discrimination against immigrants in the workplace.

Research limitations/implications
– The cross-sectional design cannot determine causality. The direction of the relationship between the variables is founded on prevailing empirical and theoretical contributions in the field.

Practical implications
– Cultural diversity training programs should make employees aware of how their personal values and personal justice experiences influence their perceptions of discrimination against immigrants. Culturally diverse workplaces could benefit from recruiting employees who emphasize universalism.

Originality/value
– Co-workers’ perception of exclusion and discriminating behavior against immigrants in the workplace is critical in order to reduce such unjust treatment. There is limited research on factors that influence perceptions of discrimination against others.
A voyage of discovery: setting up a recovery college in a secure setting
Authors: Frayn Elizabeth , Duke Joanna , Smith Helen , Wayne Philip , Roberts Glenn 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The potential transformative role of recovery colleges is well-documented in community mental health settings. The purpose of this paper is to reproduce the principles of the recovery college approach in a forensic setting in Devon.Design/methodology/approach– This paper describes the inaugural two-year development process, from ideas to a functioning service, accessible to patients in both medium secure, low and open settings on the Langdon hospital site, drawing on qualitative accounts from staff and service users involved.Findings– Creating and maintaining an educational space within the forensic environment where people have real choices to learn and work on their recovery is possible and valued by service users and clinicians alike.Originality/value– Langdon was one of the first forensic hospitals in the UK to introduce a recovery college, and the report of the positive impact and challenges involved may be useful to others setting out on this journey.
Functionally graded carbon nanotube and nafion/silica nanofibre for electrical actuation of carbon fibre reinforced shape memory polymer
Authors: Lu Haibao , Yao Yongtao , Yin Jinying  , Lin Long 
Published: March 2016

Purpose
– This paper aims to study the synergistic effect of self-assembled carboxylic acid-functionalised carbon nanotube (CNT) and nafion/silica nanofibre nanopaper on the electro-activated shape memory effect (SME) and shape recovery behaviour of shape memory polymer (SMP) nanocomposite.

Design/methodology/approach
– Carboxylic acid-functionalised CNT and nafion/silica nanofibre are first self-assembled onto carbon fibre by means of deposition and electrospinning approaches, respectively, to form functionally graded nanopaper. The combination of carbon fibre and CNT is introduced to enable the actuation of the SME in SMP by means of Joule heating at a low electric voltage of 3.0-5.0 V.

Findings
– Nafion/silica nanofibre is used to improve the shape recovery behaviour and performance of the SMP for enhanced heat transfer and electrical actuation effectiveness. Low electrical voltage actuation and high electrical actuation effectiveness of 32.5 per cent in SMP has been achieved.

Research limitations/implications
– A simple way for fabricating electro-activated SMP nanocomposites has been developed by using functionally graded CNT and nafion/silica nanofibre nanopaper.

Originality/value
– The outcome of this study will help to fabricate the SMP composite with high electrical actuation effectiveness under low electrical voltage actuation.
Corrosion inhibition and adsorption behaviour of black pepper extract on pure aluminum in hydrochloric acid medium
Authors: Ladha Divya , Shah Nisha , Thakur Suresh , Lone Mohsin , Jha Prakash 
Published: March 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the inhibitive properties of black pepper extract (BPE) for aluminium in 1M hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium.Design/methodology/approach– Gravimetric, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, galvanostatic polarization, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray examinations (SEM-EDX) techniques were used to study the corrosion inhibitive study.Findings– The gravimetric measurement indicates that inhibition efficiency shows direct proportional relation with concentration of inhibitor. The impedance results illustrates that there was a presence of protective layer of inhibitor adsorbed on the metal/solution interface. Polarization outcome showed that BPE is mixed type inhibitor. The existence of adherent layer of inhibitor on the Al surface was confirmed by SEM-EDX. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using the density functional theory at B3LYP/6-31G(d) level of theory to evaluate the activity of inhibitor molecules present in extract towards the corrosion inhibition of Al.Research limitations/implications– Due to the presence of large number of compounds in the extract, it becomes difficult to understand the most active compound responsible for inhibition. However, from gas chromatography mass spectrometry and quantum data, the approximation has been made that the major compound piperine present in the extract can be most probable component responsible for the inhibition activity. Further calculation of binding energy between Al and inhibitor molecules can be performed using Material Studio software.Practical implications– The extract can be used in cleaning and etching solutions. It can be used to limit the loss of Al metal during etching process.Originality/value– BPE can be used as a potential source of eco-friendly corrosion inhibitor for Al in HCl medium.