bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Блокчейн-технології: сутність, класифікація та характеристика основних секторів
Authors: Клочок Олександр , Сочка Катерина 
Published: October 2024

У статті досліджено зміст та основні складові елементи технології блокчейн як сучасної інноваційної децентралізованої системи, яка у глобальному вимірі активно імплементується у повсякденну діяльність органів влади, усіх секторів економіки та фінансово-кредитної сфери, і навіть окремих осіб. Сфера блокчейн-технологій за останнє десятиріччя зазнала неабиякого розвитку як на міжнародному, так і на національному рівні. Діючі алгоритми даної технології не тільки суттєво пришвидшують та оптимізують існуючі процеси економічного та фінансового характеру, але й можуть стати чинником ґрунтовних трансформацій у світовій та національних фінансових системах. Метою дослідження є з’ясування сутності блокчейну, характеристики та взаємодії його основних елементів (блок, транзакція, вузол (нода), алгоритм консенсусу та його види, хеш-функції, криптографічні підписи). Вивчено основні напрямки розвитку блокчейн-технологій, запропоновано деталізовану класифікацію, яка об’єднує всі відомі на сьогоднішній день складові цієї технології. Досліджено зміст та складові таких комплексних напрямів розвитку блокчейн-технологій як криптовалюти (зокрема, монети, токени, стейблкоїни та цифрові валюти центральних банків) та систему децентралізованих додатків, яка сьогодні надзвичайно динамічно розвивається (зокрема, сектори штучного інтелекту (AI), децентралізованого зберігання інформації, інтернету речей (IoT), метавсесвіту (Metaverse), токенізованих активів «реального світу» (RWA), децентралізованої ідентифікації (DID), ігрових платформ (GameFi), децентралізованих мереж фізичної інфраструктури (DePIN)). Зроблено висновок про перспективи подальшої інтеграції блокчейн-технологій у різноманітні фінансові процедури національного та міжнародного рівня, а також важливість прогнозування потенційних наслідків цих процесів.
Державна підтримка енергоефективних інвестицій суб'єктів підприємницької діяльності у забезпеченні сталого розвитку України
Authors: Белінська Яніна , Коваленко Юлія , Чуницька Ірина , Слюсарева Людмила 
Published: October 2024

Предметом статті є практичні аспекти надання державної підтримки проектам енергоефективності в Україні для забезпечення у період воєнного стану. Метою статті є висвітлення заходів державної підтримки та фінансового стимулювання енергоефективних інвестицій суб’єктів підприємницької діяльності в контексті переходу України до сталого розвитку. На основі системного аналізу та діалектичного підходу досліджено сучасні тенденції грантового фінансування та пільгового кредитування відновлення енергетичної інфраструктури України. Систематизовано найбільш перспективні та раціональні методи та форми фінансування інвестицій в енергоефективність. Використання альтернативних джерел енергії є важливою складовою «зеленого переходу» України до сталого економічного розвитку. Вітчизняна енергетична система зазнала значної шкоди, що підірвало її здатність гнучко реагувати на коливання споживання електроенергії. Тому, крім встановлення систем безперебійного електропостачання, необхідний перехід на відновлювані джерела енергії, модернізація промислового обладнання, утеплення будівель для підприємств. Ці заходи забезпечать стабільну роботу підприємств, мінімізують шкідливий вплив на довкілля та збережуть ресурси. Виявлено, що питання фінансування інвестиційної діяльності лежить у сфері зовнішньої допомоги. У статті показано, що збільшення інвестиційних надходжень можливе за рахунок активізації всіх доступних форм і методів фінансування, включаючи участь у міжнародних програмах грантової, технічної та іншої спеціальної допомоги, механізмів державної та муніципальної бюджетної допомоги, створення спеціальних кредитні продукти в енергетиці, активізація самофінансування. Результати дослідження щодо державної підтримки інвестицій в енергетичну інфраструктуру та розвиток відновлюваних джерел енергії можуть бути використані для вдосконалення фінансово-інвестиційної політики в енергетичному секторі на рівні органів державної та муніципальної влади, суб’єктів господарювання, індивідуальних та інституційних інвесторів. На основі результатів дослідження зроблено висновок, що для забезпечення розвитку відновлюваних джерел енергії та підвищення рівня енергетичної безпеки необхідно мобілізувати фінансові та інвестиційні ресурси з усіх доступних джерел, розвивати різноманітні форми та методи фінансування інвестицій, продовжувати розвивати зв’язки з іноземними донорами, сприяти стабілізації умов діяльності інвесторів в енергетичному секторі та посилювати їхню мотивацію інвестувати у розвиток відновлюваних джерел енергії..
Developing a Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Plan for Organization's Strategic Objectives Using the Design Thinking Approach
Authors: Engmann Abena , Baah Justice Kwesi 
Published: October 2024

The objective of this study was to develop a theoretical framework tailored for managers of small and medium-sized businesses, as well as project managers. Design thinking is human centered approach that involves stakeholders at different levels of its application in the development of innovations. Originally as an engineering method, it has been applied in diverse fields, including entrepreneurship. This paper presents an extended version of the double diamond framework used in design thinking. The double diamond framework was developed in 2005 as a graphical approach for achieving project design process. The author’s in-depth analysis of the model indicates that it can be applied to formulating business strategic objectives, a use case not previously discussed in the literature. Therefore, this paper aims contribute to the scientific body of knowledge by extending the double diamond model for strategic objective formulation. A normative conceptual methodology was used to develop this framework. The development of a monitoring and evaluation plan for businesses or projects, based on a traditional literature review methodology, illustrates how design thinking can offer a new perspective on these processes, helping to address key challenges. This paper demonstrates how each of the five stages in the design thinking process can be employed during the development of a monitoring and evaluation plan. Although this development process can be tedious and complicated, applying the design thinking approach can simplify and streamline it, ensuring active involvement from all stakeholders through the introduced extended framework. Recommendations for future research include applying the proposed extended framework in empirical studies involving large organizations. For practical implications, managers of small and medium businesses are encouraged to apply this model when developing strategies or incorporate it into project management to enhance the development of a project's monitoring and evaluation plan.
Relación magnitud-frecuencia de sismos para la ciudad de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Pizarro Nery F. , Frau Carlos D. , Tornello Miguel A. , Gallucci Angel R. 
Published: October 2024

El presente artículo se centra en la determinación de las relaciones Magnitud-Frecuencia para sismos de magnitudes mayores de tres ocurridos en el sistema de fuentes potenciales sísmicas ubicadas en la zona del Gran Mendoza, la cual se emplaza en una región geográfica considerada, según los reglamentos sismorresistentes de la nación, como de máxima peligrosidad sísmica de la República Argentina. La probabilidad de ocurrencia se determina para eventos de una magnitud dada. Resulta conveniente actualizar estas relaciones y probabilidades, a la luz de la gran cantidad de eventos registrados en los últimos 40 años. La actividad sísmica de la región ha sido diferenciada por la profundidad del foco sísmico. Las fuentes de información, para la elaboración del trabajo, contemplan la sismicidad histórica e instrumental de la zona conjuntamente con las características sismotectónicas regionales. Las leyes Magnitud-Frecuencia se representan para sismos con profundidades no mayores a 35 kilómetros. También se presentan las probabilidades de ocurrencia para terremotos de magnitud superior a un umbral preestablecido y para distintos períodos de tiempo.
Os paradigmas com a exergia das energias renováveis: solar, eólica, hidroelétrica e biomassa
Authors: Nascimento José Jefferson da Silva , Nascimento Filho Jose Jefferson da Silva , Nascimento Laila Caroline Duarte , Silva Rubilene Agra da , Ramos Maria das Graças Ouriques , Almeida Flávio Franklin Ferreira de 
Published: October 2024

A razão para o uso de fontes de energias tem sido uma das preocupações no cenário atual em todo o mundo. Nesse sentido, vários são os motivos para a implementação desse tipo de energia, os recursos naturais renováveis são o foco de inúmeras pesquisas, devido as questões com o meio ambiente. Para isso, o referido trabalho procurou efetuar um embate das energias renováveis e os paradigmas com a exergia como principal objetivo, baseado em revisões bibliográficas. Na metodologia foi utilizado o método PRISMA que caracteriza uma revisão. Os estudos abordaram questões climáticas e os demais impactos ambientais. Ao longo de mais de cinco décadas, os eventos de conferências e debates de alertas sobre a crise ambiental para evitar um colapso no planeta, foram ganhando importância fundamental.
Influence of Technology and Metaverse on Traditional Absolute Sovereignty Control of Modern National States Territories
Authors: Kaleem Mahmoud 
Published: October 2024

The metaverse can extend the physical world using augmented and virtual reality technologies, allowing users to seamlessly interact within virtual and simulated environments using avatars and holograms. This investigation strives to analyze the relationship between technology and the metaverse on traditional absolute sovereignty control of modern national states’ territories to understand better the potential impact of emerging virtual environments on the established structures and systems of physical governance. As technology continues to evolve and the metaverse grows in size and complexity, examining how it may challenge traditional notions of territorial sovereignty and governance is essential. It can occur in several ways, such as borderless access, jurisdictional disputes, decentralization of power, and cyber security concerns. Based on secondary data, the study showed different ways technology and the metaverse intersect with traditional state control. It can identify potential conflict areas and develop strategies to adapt to this rapidly evolving landscape. Therefore, it is to gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between technology, the metaverse, and the traditional structures of governance that have shaped our world. The ultimate goal is to structure the metaverse in morally acceptable ways and collectively the most democratically beneficial for society.
Smartphone Addiction among Adolescents in Southern Italy and Correlation with Other Risky Behaviors
Authors: Cali Maria Angela Alessandra , Fernandez-Lopez Lucia , Navarro-Zaragoza Javier , Caravaca-Sánchez Francisco , Falcon Maria 
Published: October 2024

Background: Addiction to smartphone is defined as the disability to cease using the device despite the physical, psychological, or social consequences. The diagnosis of this disorder is increasing exponentially among teenagers, even more so after Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aims to analyze the risk of mobile phone addiction among teenagers in Italy and its relationship with other risk behaviors, such as drug consumption and emotional well-being, following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Catania, Sicily, during 2022. The study sample comprised 342 students from a secondary education center that answered to a validated Italian version of the Smartphone Addiction Scale Short Version (SAS-SV) accessing through computers and mobile devices. Subjective Wellbeing was measured with the Personal Wellbeing Index-School Children (PWI-SC). Also, they completed the NIAAA Brief Alcohol Use Screener.
Results: Our results showed that 30.1% of students who participated in the survey were classified with a smartphone addiction. Besides, most of the participants used the Smartphone for social networks (86.0%). Regarding the other aspects measured, the mean self-perceived well-being score measured with the PWI-SC was 55.5, and 36.2% of participants were categorized as “high risk” for depression. Finally, four out of ten participants were at “moderate or high risk” of an alcohol use disorder.
Conclusions: Our results suggest that the use of mobile phones is increasing in adolescents, an age group also exposed to social and health problems.
Schisandrin A Alleviates Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Aβ25−35-Induced Alzheimer's Disease in Vitro Model
Authors: Jia Siting , Guan Huibo , Zhang Shujuan , Li Quan 
Published: October 2024

Background: Schisandra extract has therapeutic and preventive effects on Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, this study evaluated the anti-AD potential of Schisandrin A (SCH A) using an in vitro cell model.
Methods: SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells were treated with 20 µM amyloid β-protein (Aβ)25−35. The Aβ25−35-induced cells were then exposed to different concentrations of SCH A (1, 5, 10, 15 µg/mL). Moreover, to further explore the role of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in the anti-AD effects of SHC A, SH-SY5Y cells were treated with SCH A following incubation with ERK activator LM22B-10. The impact of SCH A on cell viability and apoptosis was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry. Furthermore, the oxidative stress markers and inflammatory cytokine levels were also assessed. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were examined using 2′,7′-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein Diacetate (DCFH-DA) method. Finally, Western blot analysis was employed to evaluate the phospho-ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) and ERK1/2.
Results: We observed that SCH A treatment (5, 10, 15 µg/mL) substantially increased the cell viability (p < 0.05), and reduced the apoptosis rate (10 and 15 µg/mL) in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells (p < 0.05). SCH A significantly ameliorated oxidative stress and reduced inflammatory cytokine levels in Aβ25−35-induced cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, SCH A up-regulated the p-ERK1/2 to ERK1/2 ratio in Aβ25−35-induced cells. However, LM22B-10 treatment was found to exacerbate this effect of SCH A (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: SCH A reduces the Aβ25−35-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y and SK-N-SH cells, and the activation of the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway was related to its potential mechanism.
Sexual Abuse, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Psychopathological Characteristics in Women with Functional/Dissociative Seizures
Authors: Lanzillotti Alejandra Inés , Sarudiansky Mercedes , Scévola Laura , Oddo Silvia , Korman Guido Pablo , D'Alessio Luciana 
Published: October 2024

Background: Functional/dissociative seizures (FDS), also known as psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES), are sudden, transient, and involuntary events that include motor, sensory, cognitive or autonomic function alterations. In this work we analyzed the psychopathological characteristics of a subgroup of women who suffer from FDS with the aim to analyze the role of psychological trauma, with special emphasis on trauma due to sexual abuse (SA).
Methods: Forty-five women diagnosed with FDS were included in the study (age range 18 to 64 years, mean = 34.7, standard deviation (SD) = 13.1). Clinical and psychopathological characteristics were reviewed. All patients have completed the clinical interviews, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Personality Disorders (SCID II) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) according to a special protocol for mental health assessment. Also, the history of sexual abuse trauma, the history of other non-sexual traumas and absence of history of trauma were reviewed.
Results: Eighty percent of the cases reported a history of trauma, and 40% reported a history of SA. Patients with a history of SA presented a significantly lower average age of seizure onset than patients with a history of other non-sexual traumas (p = 0.021). Significant associations were found between SA and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (p = 0.031), and SA and history of suicide attempts (p = 0.037).
Conclusions: SA carries serious implications for the mental health of women suffering from FDS. Mental health professionals must consider the history of this type of trauma to provide the necessary care for this patient population.
No Sex-based Differences in Self-reported Empathy between Patients with Schizophrenia and Control Subjects
Authors: Saracco-Álvarez Ricardo , Robles-García Rebeca , Flores-Medina Yvonne , Olivares-Neumann José-Luis , Tovilla-Zárate Carlos-Alfonso , Alcalá-Lozano Ruth , Escamilla-Orozco Raúl Iván , Fresán Ana 
Published: October 2024

Background: Schizophrenia, one of the most disabling disorders worldwide, is characterized by impaired empathy, which appears to be more common in women.
Methods: This study aimed to compare empathy levels between control subjects and patients with schizophrenia by sex. We compared sixty-two patients with schizophrenia and 166 control subjects. All participants completed the Empathy Quotient (EQ) questionnaire. A multivariate analysis of variance model was performed with the EQ as the outcome criterion, and group and sex as fixed factors to test for interaction effects.
Results: Overall, patients obtained lower scores in the cognitive, emotional reactivity and social skills domains of empathy (p < 0.001). No differences between men and women were found and no interaction effect was identified between sex and group (schizophrenia vs. control) (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: This study adds to the evidence on differences in social cognition between people with and without a mental illness such as schizophrenia. It also identifies the absence of sex differences between men and women, observed in both the group of patients and control subjects, which warrants further exploration.
O USO DE TERAPIA GÊNICA EM DOENÇAS NEURODEGENERATIVAS COMO HUNTINGTON
Authors:   Gabriel De Oliveira Rezende, Teixeira Alessandra De Jesus , Guerreiro Camille Luiza Franco ,   Victor Eduardo Pinheiro Da Costa
Published: October 2024

A doença de Huntington (DH) é considerada rara, hereditária e muito agressiva, que não possui cura momento, mostrando uma taxa de suicídio nesses casos significativa. Visando abrandar os sintomas e melhorar a qualidade de vida, os métodos terapêuticos representam um avanço para tal. Dessa forma, o objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o uso da terapia gênica na doença de Huntington em aspectos sociais e clínicos, bem como versar de forma sucinta sobre outras doenças neurodegenerativas que possuem essas intervenções. Para isso, o seguinte estudo, trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, de cooperação mútua, tanto analítica quanto quantitativa, bem como o estudo de casos múltiplos de forma que mostre a realidade profunda e completa. Busca se também através de referências bibliográficas e documentais trazer uma reflexão adiante dos tratamentos utilizados pelas pessoas portadoras da doença, abordando dados publicados no período de 5 anos até os dias atuais e que oferecem informações relevantes diante do tema central. É almejado encontrar resultados positivos para o uso da tecnologia em pacientes neurodegenerativos.
Passive smoking and risk of pancreatic cancer: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Xudong , Wang Zihan , Wang Xujie 
Published: October 2024

Background
Previous meta-analysis has demonstrated that no association was validated between passive smoking and pancreatic cancer. However, there is growing evidence on this issue recently. This study aimed to confirm this association.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to April 2024 for retrieval of full articles. Studies with the exposure of passive smoking and outcome of pancreatic cancer were eligible for the analysis. We generated pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using DerSimonian–Laird random-effects models. Quality of evidence was assessed using the GRADE system.

Results
Fourteen studies were included, with 5,560 pancreatic cancer patients. Passive smoking was associated with a moderate increased risk of pancreatic cancer (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.11–1.30, p < 0.001). The results were consistent in both case-control (p=0.013) and cohort studies (p < 0.001) and in studies with high (p = 0.007) and moderate quality (p < 0.001). In subgroup analysis, the risk was significant for both current (RR=1.91, 95% CI: 1.45-2.51, p < 0.001) and non-current smokers (RR = 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01-1.36, p = 0.037), for exposure both in adulthood (RR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.31, p = 0.002) and childhood (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.08-1.34, p = 0.001). However, only regular or daily exposure (RR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.08-1.50, p = 0.003), rather than exposing occasionally, seldom or few times per week (p = 0.421), to passive smoking could increase the risk of pancreatic cancer.

Conclusion
Passive smoking exposure confers a significant increased risk for pancreatic cancer. The risk was valid in both case-control and cohort, high and moderate quality studies, in current and non-current smokers, and for both childhood and adulthood exposure. Regular or daily exposure rather than exposing occasionally, seldom or few times per week could exert a detrimental effect on pancreatic cancer.
Brain tissue oxygen pressure combined with intracranial pressure monitoring may improve clinical outcomes for patients with severe traumatic brain injury: a systemic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Chengcheng , Zhou Lingmin , Zhang Kai , Huang Jian , Cao Lanxin , Lou Yuhang , Fan Yushi , Zhang Xinyun , Wang Yesong , Cui Wei , Hu Lihua , Zhang Gensheng 
Published: October 2024

Background
Although the optimization of brain oxygenation is thought to improve the prognosis, the effect of brain tissue oxygen pressure (PbtO2) for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (STBI) remains controversial. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine whether adding PbtO2 to intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring improves clinical outcomes for patients with STBI.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible trials from their respective inception through April 10th, 2024. We included clinical trials contrasting the combined monitoring of PbtO2 and ICP versus isolated ICP monitoring among patients with STBI. The primary outcome was favorable neurological outcome at 6 months, and secondary outcomes including the in-hospital mortality, long-term mortality, length of stay in intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital.

Results
A total of 16 studies (four randomized studies and 12 cohort studies) were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with isolated ICP monitoring, the combined monitoring was associated with a higher favorable neurological outcome rate at 6 months (RR 1.33, 95% CI [1.17–1.51], P < 0.0001, I2 = 0%), reduced long-term mortality (RR 0.72, 95% CI [0.59–0.87], P = 0.0008, I2 = 2%). No significant difference was identified in the in-hospital mortality (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.01, P = 0.06, I2 = 32%), length of stay in ICU (MD 2.10, 95% CI [−0.37–4.56], P = 0.10, I2 = 78%) and hospital (MD 1.07, 95% CI [−2.54–4.67], P = 0.56, I2 = 49%) between two groups. However, the pooled results of randomized studies did not show beneficial effect of combined monitoring in favorable neurological outcome and long-term mortality.

Conclusions
Currently, there is limited evidence to prove that the combined PbtO2 and ICP monitoring may contribute to improved neurological outcome and long-term mortality for patients with STBI. However, the benefit of combined monitoring should be further validated in more randomized studies.