bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Addressing barriers to health: Experiences of breastfeeding mothers after returning to work
Authors: Valizadeh Sousan , Hosseinzadeh Mina , Mohammadi Eesa , Hassankhani Hadi , M. Fooladi Marjaneh , Schmied Virginia 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBreastfeeding mothers returning to work often feel exhausted as they must feed on demand and attend to family and employment responsibilities, leading to concerns for their personal health. This study was prompted by a desire to understand and identify barriers to mothers' health. We describe the experiences of 12 Iranian breastfeeding and employed mothers through in‐depth and semi‐structured interviews and thematic analysis. Two main themes emerged: (i) working and mothering alone and (ii) facing concerns about health. The findings highlight the need for a support system for breastfeeding mothers within the family and in the workplace. Family‐friendly policies targeting mothers' and employers' views are needed to support working mothers and promote breastfeeding.
Phosphate Binders and Targets Over Decades: Do We have it Right Now?
Authors: Marcuccilli Morgan , Chonchol Michel , Jovanovich Anna 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn advanced renal disease, the kidney is unable to maintain phosphate balance due to decreased urinary excretion as well as the imbalance of the bone metabolic axis. It is well established that hyperphosphatemia is associated with increased cardiovascular events and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, there are no randomized controlled trials that demonstrate a clear benefit on hard outcomes in lowering serum phosphate levels to recommended targets in the CKD or dialysis population. In addition, while calcium‐based phosphate binders have traditionally been the standard of care in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia, data regarding the increased risk of vascular mineralization continues to emerge. Clinicians continue to search for new phosphate‐lowering therapies as well as investigate novel nutritional perspectives. The Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes is currently revising the guidelines on phosphate goals in CKD. This review will outline the history of phosphate targets and phosphate binders, and explore innovative phosphate‐lowering therapies. Based on current data, clinicians moving forward should continue to treat end‐stage renal disease patients with hyperphosphatemia based on individual risk factors for vascular mineralization.
The supergene origin of ruthenian hexaferrum in Ni‐laterites
Authors: Aiglsperger Thomas , Proenza Joaquín A. , Galí Salvador , Rius Jordi , Longo Francisco , Domènech Cristina 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFor two decades, the nature of Fe‐rich, oxygen‐bearing, Ru–Os compounds found in the supergene environment has been debated. Ru–Os–Fe‐oxides and nano‐intergrowths of ruthenium with magnetite have been proposed. We applied FE‐SEM, EMPA, μ‐Raman spectroscopy and synchrotron tts‐μXRD to Ru–Os–Fe compounds recovered from Ni‐laterites from the Dominican Republic. The results demonstrate that a significant portion of Fe exists in a common structure with the Ru–Os alloy, that is, ruthenian hexaferrum. This mineral occurs both as nanoparticles and as micrometric patches within a matrix of Fe‐oxide(s). Our data suggest that supergene ruthenian hexaferrum with a (Ru0.4(Os,Ir)0.1Fe0.5)Ʃ1.0 stoichiometry represents the most advanced weathering product of primary laurite within Ni‐laterites from the Dominican Republic.
Phenotiki: an open software and hardware platform for affordable and easy image‐based phenotyping of rosette‐shaped plants
Authors: Minervini Massimo , Giuffrida Mario V. , Perata Pierdomenico , Tsaftaris Sotirios A. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryPhenotyping is important to understand plant biology, but current solutions are costly, not versatile or are difficult to deploy. To solve this problem, we present Phenotiki, an affordable system for plant phenotyping that, relying on off‐the‐shelf parts, provides an easy to install and maintain platform, offering an out‐of‐box experience for a well‐established phenotyping need: imaging rosette‐shaped plants. The accompanying software (with available source code) processes data originating from our device seamlessly and automatically. Our software relies on machine learning to devise robust algorithms, and includes an automated leaf count obtained from 2D images without the need of depth (3D). Our affordable device (~€200) can be deployed in growth chambers or greenhouse to acquire optical 2D images of approximately up to 60 adult Arabidopsis rosettes concurrently. Data from the device are processed remotely on a workstation or via a cloud application (based on CyVerse). In this paper, we present a proof‐of‐concept validation experiment on top‐view images of 24 Arabidopsis plants in a combination of genotypes that has not been compared previously. Phenotypic analysis with respect to morphology, growth, color and leaf count has not been performed comprehensively before now. We confirm the findings of others on some of the extracted traits, showing that we can phenotype at reduced cost. We also perform extensive validations with external measurements and with higher fidelity equipment, and find no loss in statistical accuracy when we use the affordable setting that we propose. Device set‐up instructions and analysis software are publicly available ( http://phenotiki.com).
Concurrent multiple myeloma and mast cell neoplasia in a 13‐year‐old castrated male Maine Coon cat
Authors: Bagwell Jonathan M. , Herd Heather R. , Breshears Melanie A. , Hodges Steven , Rizzi Theresa E. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA 13‐year‐old, castrated male Maine Coon cat was presented to Oklahoma State University Boren Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital for yearly echocardiographic examination monitoring hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) diagnosed in 2003. Physical examination revealed a heart murmur and premature beats, likely related to HCM, but was otherwise unremarkable. A biochemistry profile revealed a hyperglobulinemia (6.3 g/dL). Cytologic examination of fine‐needle aspirates from liver and spleen revealed increased numbers of plasma cells and mast cells, confirmed with subsequent histologic examination. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for c‐kit in the spleen and liver showed mast cells predominantly exhibiting type I staining pattern, with moderate numbers exhibiting type II pattern in spleen, and scattered cells exhibiting type II and III patterns in liver. Bone marrow cytology and core biopsy documented approximately 22% plasma cells. Cutaneous masses on the cat's left shoulder and right carpus were cytologically confirmed mast cell tumors. Serum protein electrophoresis with immunofixation confirmed an IgG monoclonal gammopathy. This is an example of 2 hematologic neoplasms occurring simultaneously in a cat. Concurrent pathologies may be overlooked if a single disease is diagnosed and suspected of causing all clinical signs. Both neoplasms were well differentiated, and neoplastic cells could have easily been interpreted as a reactive population had a full workup not been performed. Missing either diagnosis could result in a potentially lethal outcome. Eleven months after diagnoses, the cat was clinically doing well following a splenectomy and oral prednisolone and chlorambucil chemotherapy. Globulins decreased to 4.9 g/dL.
Brucella abortus is Prevalent in Both Humans and Animals in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman A. K. M. A. , Saegerman C. , Berkvens D. , Melzer F. , Neubauer H. , Fretin D. , Abatih E. , Dhand N. , Ward M. P. 
Published: January 2017

SummaryTo determine the role of different Brucella (B.) spp. in Bangladesh, 62 animal samples and 500 human sera were tested. Animal samples from cattle, goats and sheep (including milk, bull semen, vaginal swabs and placentas) were cultured for Brucella spp. Three test‐positive human sera and all animal samples were screened by Brucella genus‐specific real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR), and positive samples were then tested by IS711 RT‐PCR to detect B. abortus and B. melitensis DNA. Only B. abortus DNA was amplified from 13 human and six animal samples. This is the first report describing B. abortus as the aetiological agent of brucellosis in occupationally exposed humans in Bangladesh. Of note is failure to detect B. melitensis DNA, the species most often associated with human brucellosis worldwide. Further studies are required to explore the occurrence of Brucella melitensis in Bangladesh.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Young James 
Published: January 2017

International Journal of Social Science Studies (IJSSS) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether IJSSS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 5, Number 1Ahmet YıkmışAnastasia PanagakosAntónio CalhaBegoña Montero-FletaE.Ozan AksozEmanuele AchinoHenry PoduthasJosé María Fernandez-CrehuetJulia M. MackK.O. AramideMałgorzata HaładewiczMichael BrooksOluwagbemiga Paul AgboolaPaula HanaszRachita Shrivastava RoySaid AldhafriYanzhe Zhang James YoungEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of International Journal of Social Science StudiesRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://ijsss.redfame.com
Towards a New Interpretation of Quran 4:34
Authors: Ghafournia Nafiseh 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFor almost fourteen centuries, Muslim men and women believed, or have been led to believe, that beating wives is a permitted act in Islam and the Quran has been used to support this physical violence against women. Permissible violence against women has mainly been justified on the basis of the Quranic verse 4:34. Since its revelation, there has been a long time challenge to explore the real meaning of the verse. The translations and interpretations of this verse have caused much consternation among scholars, including this author. However, important attempts have recently been made to define or interpret the verse. In this study, two different strands of interpretation are explored: patriarchal and egalitarian. While there are many interpretations of the verse, this study focuses only on the works of some of the most renowned scholars and theologians. A critical analysis of different approaches to the interpretation of this verse shows that the contradictions and complexities related to the verse are not inherent in the Quran itself but are rooted in the intentional or unintentional neglect and misuse of the text by authoritative Muslim scholars. This study argues for a more progressive approach to interpreting the verse which is compatible with a holistic comprehension of the text and teaching of Islam.
In utero exposure of high-dose di-n-butyl phthalate resulted in opposite effects on testicular cell apoptosis in late embryonic and pubertal male rat offspring
Authors: Shen H , Liao K , Wu H-F , Lu H-C , Li Y , Li Z , Zhang W 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To investigate the effects of in utero exposure to high-dose di- n-butyl phthalate (DBP) on testicular cell apoptosis in late embryonic and pubertal male rat offspring. Methods: Twenty pregnant Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into two groups. During gestation day (GD) 12 to GD 19, control group was given 1 ml day−1 of olive oil and experimental group was given DBP 500 mg kg−1 day−1 by gavage. On GD 19.5 and postnatal day (PND) 45, the testes were removed. Morphological analysis of the testes was observed by transmission electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Testicular cell apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL). The expression of Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 was presented by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and western blot. Data of the two groups was compared using independent samples t-test and Mann–Whitney test by SPSS 20.0. Results: H&E staining showed that spermatogenetic cells were significantly decreased in DBP exposed pubertal rat testis. The apoptosis index of testes in DBP-treated group was significantly lower on GD 19.5 but higher on PND 45 than that of the controls ( p < 0.01). IHC and western blot revealed significantly increased expression of Bcl-2 in GD 19.5 rat testis and Bax and p53 in PND 45 rat testis after DBP exposure, compared with the control ( p < 0.05). Conclusion: In utero exposure of high-dose DBP resulted in opposite effects on testicular cell apoptosis in late embryonic and pubertal rat offspring. The overexpression of Bcl-2, Bax, and p53 might be related to the occurrence of abnormal apoptosis and finally produce male infertility.
Variability of Diabetes Alert Dog Accuracy in a Real-World Setting
Authors: Gonder-Frederick Linda A. , Grabman Jesse H. , Shepard Jaclyn A. , Tripathi Anand V. , Ducar Dallas M. , McElgunn Zachary R. 
Published: January 2017

Background: Diabetes alert dogs (DADs) are growing in popularity as an alternative method of glucose monitoring for individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Only a few empirical studies have assessed DAD accuracy, with inconsistent results. The present study examined DAD accuracy and variability in performance in real-world conditions using a convenience sample of owner-report diaries. Method: Eighteen DAD owners (44.4% female; 77.8% youth) with T1D completed diaries of DAD alerts during the first year after placement. Diary entries included daily BG readings and DAD alerts. For each DAD, percentage hits (alert with BG ≤ 5.0 or ≥ 11.1 mmol/L; ≤90 or ≥200 mg/dl), percentage misses (no alert with BG out of range), and percentage false alarms (alert with BG in range) were computed. Sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), and true positive rates were also calculated. Results: Overall comparison of DAD Hits to Misses yielded significantly more Hits for both low and high BG. Total sensitivity was 57.0%, with increased sensitivity to low BG (59.2%) compared to high BG (56.1%). Total specificity was 49.3% and PLR = 1.12. However, high variability in accuracy was observed across DADs, with low BG sensitivity ranging from 33% to 100%. Number of DADs achieving ≥ 60%, 65% and 70% true positive rates was 71%, 50% and 44%, respectively. Conclusions: DADs may be able to detect out-of-range BG, but variability across DADs is evident. Larger trials are needed to further assess DAD accuracy and to identify factors influencing the complexity of DAD accuracy in BG detection.
Health system frameworks and performance indicators in eight countries: A comparative international analysis
Authors: Braithwaite Jeffrey , Hibbert Peter , Blakely Brette , Plumb Jennifer , Hannaford Natalie , Long Janet Cameron , Marks Danielle 
Published: January 2017

Objectives: Performance indicators are a popular mechanism for measuring the quality of healthcare to facilitate both quality improvement and systems management. Few studies make comparative assessments of different countries’ performance indicator frameworks. This study identifies and compares frameworks and performance indicators used in selected Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development health systems to measure and report on the performance of healthcare organisations and local health systems. Countries involved are Australia, Canada, Denmark, England, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Scotland and the United States. Methods: Identification of comparable international indicators and analyses of their characteristics and of their broader national frameworks and contexts were undertaken. Two dimensions of indicators – that they are nationally consistent (used across the country rather than just regionally) and locally relevant (measured and reported publicly at a local level, for example, a health service) – were deemed important. Results: The most commonly used domains in performance frameworks were safety, effectiveness and access. The search found 401 indicators that fulfilled the ‘nationally consistent and locally relevant’ criteria. Of these, 45 indicators are reported in more than one country. Cardiovascular, surgery and mental health were the most frequently reported disease groups. Conclusion: These comparative data inform researchers and policymakers internationally when designing health performance frameworks and indicator sets.
How lack of information hampers decision making in ophthalmology
Authors: Salmon Harold Andrew , Chalk Daniel , Stein Ken 
Published: January 2017

Introduction: Demonstration of cost-effectiveness is an established hurdle for new treatments and technologies. However, evidence synthesis, including simulation modelling, can be very difficult in the absence of good quality research that addresses pertinent questions, and people with rare conditions may have to forego the best available treatments. We illustrate this point with regard to the current choice between intravitreal ranibizumab, verteporfin photodynamic therapy (VPDT) or combinations of these (combination therapy) for polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. Methods: We developed a Markov model to simulate equivalent cohorts of 65-year-old patients over a lifetime horizon. We obtained costs from the NHS national tariff, and utility values based on unilateral visual function deterioration. We carried out deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses to investigate the sensitivity of the results to uncertainty in the model parameters. Results: Our model predicts that both VPDT and combination therapy offer cost savings but lower clinical efficacy over a lifetime horizon at £81 165 and £14 826 per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) respectively. VPDT monotherapy has a 99% chance of cost-effectiveness at a willingness to pay of £30 000 per QALY gained. Combination therapy has a low (29%) probability of cost-effectiveness, however, this is heavily dependent on the modelled incidence of haemorrhagic adverse events. Conclusion: Based on the results of our model, VPDT might be commissioned according to a strict decision rule interpretation. The outcome regarding combination therapy is uncertain. These conclusions are dependent on the available evidence. There is considerable modelling and parameter uncertainty, which needs to be urgently addressed.
‘Prized assets of a ghost economy’: Some notes on The Unreturning
Authors: Malone Martin 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article explores aspects of the creative strand of the author’s research into Great War poetry and twenty-first-century legacies of the war itself. Whilst one of the two accompanying poetry collections retains a more discernible resemblance to the prevailing mode of lyric elegy, his prose poem sequence, The Unreturning, consciously seeks to disrupt this tradition by adopting the less common neo-modernist poetics of writers such as Geoffrey Hill. What follows is a brief discussion of work-in-progress towards the creation of more resonant and meaningful contexts for our remembrance of a century-old conflict that continues to enjoy extraordinary levels of cultural and political privilege in the United Kingdom.
More than ‘a moment’s monument’
Authors: Guite Malcolm 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This article surveys the place of the sonnet in contemporary poetry, from the publication of Geoffrey Hill’s Tenebrae (1978) to the present day. After a reflection on the nature and critical history of the sonnet as a form, drawing on Don Paterson’s introduction to his 101 Sonnets anthology for Faber (2012), the article looks at the re-possession and reworking of the form by Hill, Heaney (under the influence of Robert Lowell) and Paterson, especially in the latter’s free ‘versioning’ of Rilke’s Sonnets to Orpheus (Rilke, 2012). The article investigates the relevance of both terms in Rossetti’s definition of the sonnet as a ‘moment’s monument’ (1881) and concludes with a survey of sonnets in more recent work, including Adrian Rice’s Moongate Sonnets (2013), Richard Berengarten’s Notness (2013) and Adam Crothers’ Several Deer (2016).
‘Orphans of Poetry’: The poetry of childhood and the poetry for children of Robert Graves
Authors: Joseph Michael 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
‘Orphans of Poetry’ examines poems by Robert Graves in order to argue three related points: that Graves’s ideas about childhood and children’s poetry, which anticipate more contemporary attitudes, were significantly shaped by his harrowing experience in the trenches in World War I; that Graves had an extraordinarily complex idea of nonsense as something larger than reasonableness and believed in its ‘explanatory power’, a belief arising from a philosophical scepticism he adopted when he was in his early twenties; that his idea of nonsense dovetailed with the notion of poetic truth, or a kind of knowledge accessible only through poetry or only to readers of any age who had the capacity to conceptualize in the mode of a poet.
The experience of the Askavusa Association: Migrant struggle with cultural activities
Authors: Vecchi Ilaria 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In this article I examine the history and main developments of the Askavusa Association, founded in 2009 in Lampedusa, the southernmost Italian territory, on the southern edge of Europe. As one of the most active and interesting collectives supporting the migrant struggle in Italy, Askavusa has received attention for its various activities held in Lampedusa and abroad, and especially for the organization of the LampedusaInFestival and the collection of migrants’ objects in PortoM. As an activist and member of the group, in this article I concurrently identify some of the limits of the actions organized by the collective. As such, this article represents the natural outcome of my participation and collaboration with Askavusa, combined with an analysis of several interviews that I collected in Lampedusa over the years.
Between the Past and the Future: Philip Johnson’s Design Thinking and Practice at GAI, Isfahan, Iran
Authors: Azizkhani Mehdi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The scholarly discourse on modern architecture in the Middle East focuses in large part on the interactions and contradictions between the past and the future, and identifies the ways in which tradition and local history have become the source of inspiration for modern designs. While this discourse has addressed the political associations of this architecture rather well, detailed examinations of its design qualities are lacking. As a case study investigating this interesting relationship, this article examines the Group Apartments in Isfahan (GAI), designed by noted American architect Philip Johnson, in order to explore some of these design qualities. The article investigates the formation of GAI, including its design features and the architect’s design thinking and practice, within the local context of the historical city of Isfahan, Iran. By scrutinizing the story behind the formation of GAI, the case study presented here will look into the ways in which traditional buildings may inspire modern design, thereby providing a rich context to draw lessons for analysing other modern architectures of the Middle East.