bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Theorizing Family‐Based Nature Activities and Family Functioning: The Integration of Attention Restoration Theory With a Family Routines and Rituals Perspective
Authors: Izenstark Dina , Ebata Aaron T. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTime spent in nature has been recognized as beneficial for individuals, but the benefits of nature engagement for families remain significantly underresearched and lack theoretical underpinnings. We draw from the family studies, family leisure, and environmental psychology literature to suggest a new theoretical approach—integrating attention restoration theory and a routines and rituals perspective to study family‐based nature activities. Attention restoration theory shows how certain types of behavioral settings have different effects on restored attention, which may influence interactions between family members, and a family routines and rituals perspective predicts greater developmental benefits from certain types of ritualized activities over onetime experiences. We argue that participation in family‐based nature activities can serve as a pathway for positive family functioning more so than other types of leisure contexts.
The European Market Abuse Directive: Has it Worked?
Authors: Shahzad Khurram , Mertens Gerard 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we examine whether the Market Abuse Directive (MAD) has been effective in achieving its objectives of deterring the market manipulation activities, increasing the timeliness of information and decreasing the disclosure of inside information to select groups. Our sample consists of firms listed on Frankfurt Stock Exchange. We use stock prices and analysts' forecast‐based proxies to examine the impact and effectiveness of MAD. The analysis based on these two set of proxies provides evidence that the adoption of MAD has been effective. In particular, we find that after the implementation of MAD, on average, (1) the volatility of stock prices around earnings announcement declines, (2) stock prices remain closer to their post earnings announcement level during the period before earnings announcement, (3) the accuracy of analyst forecasts improves, (4) the dispersion of analyst forecasts decreases, and (5) the number of analysts following a company declines.
Tissue kallikrein protects SH‐SY5Y neuronal cells against oxygen and glucose deprivation‐induced injury through bradykinin B2 receptor‐dependent regulation of autophagy induction
Authors: Liu Yanping , Lu Zhengyu , Cui Mei , Yang Qi , Tang Yuping , Dong Qiang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated that tissue kallikrein (TK) protects against cerebral ischemia injury mainly through inhibition of apoptosis via bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R). In this study, we proposed that autophagy induction contributed to the neuroprotective mechanism of TK. To validate this hypothesis, we investigated TK‐induced autophagy and its signaling mechanisms in human SH‐SY5Y cells exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). We found that TK treatment enhanced autophagy induction, reflected by augmented LC3 conversion and Beclin1 expression, decreased p62 levels and increased monomeric red fluorescent protein‐LC3 puncta formation. Green fluorescent protein‐monomeric red fluorescent protein‐LC3 adenovirus assay indicated that TK maintained autophagic flux. Moreover, bafilomycin A1 (Baf.A1) caused obvious LC3‐II accumulation either in the presence or absence of TK. Autophagy inhibition by Beclin1 knockdown or Baf.A1 treatment abrogated the neuroprotective effects of TK. Mitogen‐activated protein kinase kinase 1/2 (MEK1/2)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 and AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling were induced by OGD stress and enhanced by TK. MEK/ERK inhibitor U0126 alone elevated autophagy in OGD conditions, but impaired TK‐induced autophagy. Blockade of AMPK/TSC2/mTOR signaling by AMPK inhibitor compound C and shRNA mediated the knockdown of AMPK α1 and TSC2 but abolished autophagy in SH‐SY5Y cells exposed to OGD treated either with or without TK. Moreover, B2R expression was up‐regulated by OGD exposure. B2R knockdown attenuated autophagy and suppressed MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPK/TSC2/mTOR signaling in OGD conditions in either the presence or absence of TK. In sum, we revealed the significance of B2R‐mediated MEK/ERK and AMPK signaling in autophagy induction under OGD stress, and proposed novel mechanisms involved in the neuropotective function of TK through B2R‐dependent regulation of autophagy.
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We propose the depicted model for the neuroprotective mechanism of tissue kallikrein (TK) during OGD stress: TK enhances bradykinin B2 receptor (B2R)‐mediated MEK1/2/ERK1/2 and AMPK/TSC2/mTOR signaling, thus inducing protective autophagy. The findings reported in this study should provide new evidence for the pro‐survival role of B2R‐mediated autophagy in cerebral ischemia.
Balloon‐Expandable Transcatheter Aortic Valves Can Be Successfully and Safely Implanted Transfemorally Without Balloon Valvuloplasty
Authors: Aggarwal Suneil K. , Delahunty Nicola , Wong Bethany , Tamimi Asad N. , Reinthaler Markus , Cheang Mun‐Hong , Roberts Neil , Yap John , Ozkor Muhiddin , Mullen Michael J. 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesTo assess the necessity for balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) during transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) when using balloon‐expandable valves.BackgroundBAV is a usual part of TAVI procedures, prior to valve implantation. However, the benefits and necessity of this are unknown and recent evidence in self‐expanding valves suggests it may not be necessary.MethodsRetrospective single‐center study of 154 patients undergoing first‐time, transfemoral TAVI for native aortic valve stenosis, with (N = 76), and without (N = 78), BAV as part of the procedure. Data collected included demographic, procedural, and outcome data.ResultsBAV did not alter VARC‐2 defined procedural success or early safety compared to not performing a BAV, including mortality, degree of aortic regurgitation, or need for post‐TAVI balloon dilatation, although there was a strong trend to reduced stroke when not performing a BAV. There was a significantly reduced procedural time (P = 0.01) and fluoroscopic time (P < 0.001) without performing a BAV. There were no differences in cerebral embolization (solid, gaseous, or total emboli) noted between the 2 groups, as measured on transcranial doppler (TCD).ConclusionsTAVI can be effectively and safely performed without a BAV and this results in reduced procedural and fluoroscopic times, although embolization to the brain is not reduced. There is a trend toward reduced stroke risk. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:319–324)
Second‐Generation Drug‐Eluting Balloon for Ostial Side Branch Lesions (001‐Bifurcations): Mid‐Term Clinical and Angiographic Results
Authors: Vaquerizo Beatriz , Fernández‐Nofreiras Eduardo , Oategui Inmanol , Suarez de Lezo Javier , Rumoroso José Ramón , Martín Pedro , Routledge Helen , Tizón‐Marcos Helena 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundIn the drug‐eluting stent era, the best strategy to treat Medina 001 lesion remains unestablished. This is the first prospective registry assessing the efficacy and safety of the second‐generation drug‐coated balloon in patients with side‐branch ostial lesion.MethodsForty‐nine patients with de novo Medina 001 lesion and associated myocardial ischemia were treated with second‐generation drug‐coated balloon—Dior balloon catheter (Eurocor GmbH, Bonn Germany), and prospectively included in this study. After mandatory pre‐dilatation, a paclitaxel‐eluting balloon was inflated for a minimum of 45 seconds. Left main bifurcation, severely calcified lesions and cardiogenic shock, were the only exclusion criteria.ResultsThe inclusion period was 2.7 years. Mean age was 62 ± 12 years old, 41% diabetic, 65% presented with acute coronary syndrome. The most common vessel treated was the first diagonal (50%). Pre‐dilatation with a cutting balloon was used in 59%. Angiographic success was 86% (in 14% a bare metal stent was implanted because of acute recoil [n = 5] or coronary dissection more than type B [n = 2]). At a mean of 12.2 ± 2.2 months, major cardiac adverse events rate was 14.3% (1 myocardial infarction, 0 cardiac deaths, 7 target lesion revascularization). There was no thrombosis or occlusion. At a mean of 7.2 ± 1.1 months, binary restenosis was 22.5% (n = 7) with a late loss of 0.32 ± 0.73 mm.ConclusionMedina 001 lesion is an infrequent type of coronary lesion. Drug‐coated balloon—Dior is a safe and technically easy therapeutic option, associated with acceptable mid‐term clinical outcomes. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:285–292)
A Randomized Trial of Complete Versus Culprit‐Only Revascularization During Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Diabetic Patients With Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction and Multi Vessel Disease
Authors: Hamza Mohamed , Mahmoud Ahmed N. , Elgendy Islam Y. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundRecent randomized trials and meta‐analyses demonstrated that a complete revascularization of significant non culprit lesions in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is superior to a culprit only revascularization approach in reducing major adverse cardiac events (MACE), however the proportion of diabetic patients was low in these trials.ObjectivesTo investigate whether a complete revascularization approach is associated with better outcomes in diabetic patients with STEMI and multi‐vessel disease.MethodsOne hundred diabetic patients with acute STEMI with at least one non‐culprit lesion were randomized to either complete revascularization (n = 50) or culprit‐only treatment (n = 50). Complete revascularization was performed either at the time of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or within 72 hours during hospitalization. The primary endpoint was the composite of all‐cause mortality, recurrent MI, and ischemia‐driven revascularization at 6 months.ResultsA complete revascularization approach was significantly associated with a reduction in the primary outcome (6% vs. 24%, P = 0.01), primarily due to reduction in ischemia driven revascularization in the complete revascularization group (2% vs. 12%; P = 0.047). There was no significant reduction in death or MI (2% vs. 8%; P = 0.17) and (2% vs. 4%; P = 0.56) respectively, or in the safety endpoints of major or minor bleeding, contrast‐induced nephropathy, or stroke between the groups.ConclusionsIn diabetic patients with multi‐vessel coronary artery disease undergoing PPCI, complete revascularization is associated with significantly reduced risk of adverse cardiovascular events, as compared with culprit vessel only PCI. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:241–247)
Same or Different Drug‐Eluting Stent Re‐Implantation for Drug‐Eluting Stent Restenosis: An Assessment Including Second‐Generation Drug‐Eluting Stents
Authors: Yabe Takayuki , Toda Mikihito , Nakanishi Rine , Saito Daiga , Watanabe Ippei , Okubo Ryo , Amano Hideo , Ikeda Takanori 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesWe examined the long‐term outcomes of implanting a different type of drug‐eluting stent (DES), including second‐generation DES, for treatment of DES‐in stent restenosis (ISR).BackgroundTreatment for DES‐ISR has not been standardized.MethodsThe subjects were 80 patients with 89 lesions underwent DES implantation for DES‐ISR. The patients were divided into the group of patients receiving the same DES for DES‐ISR (Homo‐stent: 24 patients, 25 lesions) and a different DES for DES‐ISR (Hetero‐stent: 56 patients, 64 lesions). The primary endpoint was survival free of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization (TVR). The secondary endpoint was late loss at 8–12 months follow‐up. In the subgroup of patients who were treated with second‐generation DES for DES‐ISR, we also assessed the survival free of MACE.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 45.1 ± 21.2 months, 26 patients experienced MACE. There was no significant difference in the survival free of MACE (Log rank P = 0.17). In the sub‐analysis of second generation DES, MACE was significantly higher in the Homo‐stent group compared to the Hetero‐stent group (Log rank P = 0.04). Late loss was significantly higher in the Homo‐stent group than in the Hetero‐stent group (0.86 ± 1.03 vs. 0.38 ± 0.74 mm, P = 0.03). This trend was prominent in the first‐generation DES group.ConclusionsAlthough there was no significant difference in MACE between the Hetero‐stent and the Homo‐stent groups including both first and second‐generation DES, the sub‐analysis demonstrated different DES implantation for DES‐ISR significantly improved the MACE rate among patients treated with second‐generation DES. (J Interven Cardiol 2016;29:311–318)
Repartnering After Union Dissolution in Later Life
Authors: Schimmele Christoph M. , Wu Zheng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe authors estimated the timing of repartnering among individuals who had experienced a union dissolution at age 45 or older, treating cohabitation and marriage as competing risks. The analysis used retrospective data from the 2007 Canadian General Social Survey and life table analysis and Cox models to examine patterns of repartnering. The study offered three major conclusions. First, age constraints on repartnering are large when union dissolution occurs in midlife or later. This age constraint is particularly strong for women and contributes to a wide gender gap in repartnering. Second, in contrast to repartnering at earlier life stages, cohabitation is not the predominant choice of repartnering for those experiencing union dissolution at age 45 and older. Third, union exit status (divorce, cohabitation separation, and widowhood) is a key repartnering differential. The most disadvantageous routes to repartnering are through the experience of cohabitation separation and widowhood.
Exploring Categorical Body Mass Index Trajectories in Elementary School Children
Authors: Moreno‐Black Geraldine , Boles Shawn , Johnson‐Shelton Deb , Evers Cody 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDStudies of body mass index (BMI) change have focused on understanding growth trajectories from childhood to adolescence and adolescence to adulthood, but few have explored BMI trajectories solely in elementary (grades K‐5) school children. This report complements these studies by exploring changes in obesity status using analytic methods developed to investigate categorical changes in life‐course events.METHODSSequences of a 4‐state BMI variable (underweight, normal, overweight, and obese) were calculated using height and weight data collected annually (2008‐2013) from 414 kindergarten and first‐grade students participating in the Community and Schools Together (CAST) project. These sequences were explored using the TraMineR software package to investigate the distribution of sequences and states, calculate transition rates among states, and examine clustering of sequences.RESULTSAggregated cluster solutions were identified consisting of either 4 clusters (normal, stepped, mixed, and obese) or 3 clusters (aggregation of obese cluster cases into stepped cluster) with membership in the former predicted by ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES) and the latter by SES alone. Transition rate patterns among states varied markedly by cluster and state.CONCLUSIONThe finding of early emergence of stable obesity states, especially in Hispanic children confirms the need for early childhood interventions to influence BMI.
Setting Adolescents Up for Success: Promoting a Policy to Delay High School Start Times
Authors: Barnes Margaux , Davis Krista , Mancini Mackenzie , Ruffin Jasmine , Simpson Tina , Casazza Krista 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTBACKGROUNDA unique biological shift in sleep cycles occurs during adolescence causing later sleep and wake times. This shift is not matched by a concurrent modification in school start times, resulting in sleep curtailment for a large majority of adolescents. Chronic inadequate sleep is associated with poor academic performance including executive function impairments, mood, and behavioral issues, as well as adverse health outcomes such as an increased risk of obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. In order to address sleep deficits and the potential negative outcomes associated with chronic sleep deprivation, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) support delaying school start times for middle and high school students.METHODSWe summarize current evidence, explicate the need for policy change, and urge school districts to put adolescent students' health as top priority and implement school start times consistent with their developmental needs.RESULTSWhereas substantial evidence illustrating adverse consequences of inadequate sleep on psychological and physical health, and recommendations exist to adapt daytime school schedules to match sleep needs have been released, actual implementation of these recommendations have been limited.CONCLUSIONSThis is a call to action for the implementation of AAP/CDC recommendations across the state and nation.
Pirfenidone suppresses MAPK signalling pathway to reverse epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and renal fibrosis
Authors: Li Zhenzhen , Liu Xianghua , Wang Baoying , Nie Yali , Wen Jianguo , Wang Qingwei , Gu Chaohui 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimRecent studies indicate that pirfenidone (PFD) may have anti‐fibrotic effects in many tissues, but the potential molecular mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study is to investigate the potential effects of PFD on epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) and renal fibrosis in a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) rat model and the involved molecular mechanism related to cultured human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK‐2).MethodsSixty rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham‐operated, vehicle‐treated UUO, and PFD‐treated UUO. Kidney specimens were collected at day 7 or 14 after UUO. PFD treatment was also performed for human HK‐2. The tubulointerstitial injury, interstitial collagen deposition, and expression of type I and III collagen, α‐SMA, S100A4, fibronection and E‐cadherin were assessed. In addition, extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK1/2), p38 MAPK (p38), and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase/stress‐activated protein kinase (JNK) were also detected.ResultsIn vitro, PFD significantly attenuated TGF‐β1‐induced EMT and extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis, as determined by reducing expression of α‐SMA, type I and III collagen, S100A4, fibronection, and increased expression of E‐cadherin. PFD treatment attenuated TGF‐β1‐induced up‐regulation of phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK. In vivo, PFD reduced the degree of tubulointerstitial injury and renal fibrosis, which was associated with reduced expression of TGF‐β1, type III collagen, α‐SMA, S100A4, fibronection, and increased expression of E‐cadherin.ConclusionThese results suggest that pirfenidone is able to attenuate EMT and fibrosis in vivo and in vitro through antagonizing the MAPK pathway, providing a potential treatment to alleviate renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis.
NODULES WITH ACTIVATED DEFENSE 1 is required for maintenance of rhizobial endosymbiosis in Medicago truncatula
Authors: Wang Chao , Yu Haixiang , Luo Li , Duan Liujian , Cai Liuyang , He Xinxing , Wen Jiangqi , Mysore Kirankumar S. , Li Guoliang , Xiao Aifang , Duanmu Deqiang , Cao Yangrong , Hong Zonglie , Zhang Zhongming 
Published: June 2016

Summary

The symbiotic interaction between legume plants and rhizobia results in the formation of root nodules, in which symbiotic plant cells host and harbor thousands of nitrogen‐fixing rhizobia.

Here, a Medicago truncatula nodules with activated defense 1 (nad1) mutant was identified using reverse genetics methods. The mutant phenotype was characterized using cell and molecular biology approaches. An RNA‐sequencing technique was used to analyze the transcriptomic reprogramming of nad1 mutant nodules.

In the nad1 mutant plants, rhizobial infection and propagation in infection threads are normal, whereas rhizobia and their symbiotic plant cells become necrotic immediately after rhizobia are released from infection threads into symbiotic cells of nodules. Defense‐associated responses were detected in nad1 nodules. NAD1 is specifically present in root nodule symbiosis plants with the exception of Morus notabilis, and the transcript is highly induced in nodules. NAD1 encodes a small uncharacterized protein with two predicted transmembrane helices and is localized at the endoplasmic reticulum.

Our data demonstrate a positive role for NAD1 in the maintenance of rhizobial endosymbiosis during nodulation.
Buccal flap: is it still useful for intraoral reconstruction
Authors: Verma R.K. , Sunku S.K. , Panda N.K. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate usefulness of the buccal flap as a reconstructing tool for various surgical defects in the oral cavity.Study designRetrospective observational study.Materials and methodsRetrospective charts reviews of 15 patients, with carcinoma of the oral cavity in whom a buccal flap was used to repair the defect after excision of the primary lesion, were reviewed. All these patients were called for follow‐up and analysed for functional and aesthetic outcomes.ResultsAll flaps survived successfully. Three had marginal necrosis of the flap which was managed conservatively. Mild chewing difficulty and trismus were other problems commonly encountered.ConclusionBuccal flap is a sensate, easy to harvest local flap with well‐defined neuro vascular bundle that can be used in reconstructing various surgical defects of oral cavity and oropharynx thus obviating the need for distal tissue transfer.
Two forms of self‐criticism mediate differently the shame–psychopathological symptoms link
Authors: Castilho Paula , Pinto‐Gouveia José , Duarte Joana 
Published: June 2016

ObjectivesThis study explored the relation between external shame, two types of self‐criticism, and depressive, anxious and stress symptoms, in a clinical sample. Specifically, we set out to test whether the impact of external shame on such symptoms would be mediated by two forms of self‐criticism.MethodA total of 279 patients (228 female and 51 male; mean age of 28.58) with axis I andIIdisorders recruited from several outpatients psychiatric services in Portugal completed the Other as Shamer Scale (OAS), the Forms of Self‐Criticizing/Attacking and Self‐Reassuring Scale (FSCRS), and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS‐42).ResultsSelf‐criticism mediated in part the shame–psychopathological symptoms link, especially the hated self form. The alternative model where shame mediates the link between self‐criticism and psychopathological symptoms was also significant. This result suggests that fear of being devalued in the minds of others has a significant impact on people's psychological well‐being, and this effect can be partially explained by self‐criticism.ConclusionsThis study highlights that inadequate self and hated self are separable types of self‐criticism, because they show different patterns of association with psychopathology. Shame and self‐criticism appear to mutually enhance one another, and both are associated with psychopathological symptoms. External shame and self‐criticism should be a target in treatment.Practitioner pointsExternal shame and self‐criticism are associated with depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms, in a clinical sample.Self‐criticism, especially hatred for the self, mediates the shame–psychopathological symptoms link.Shame and self‐criticism should be addressed in therapeutic interventions targeting the reduction of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms.