bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of body mass index on surgical outcomes after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Authors: De la Garza Ramos Rafael , Nakhla Jonathan , Nasser Rani , Schulz Jacob F. , Purvis Taylor E. , Sciubba Daniel M. , Kinon Merritt D. , Yassari Reza 
Published: October 2017

OBJECTIVEObesity is an increasing public health concern in the pediatric population. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the impact of body mass index (BMI) on 30-day outcomes after posterior spinal fusion for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).METHODSThe American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program Pediatric database (2013 and 2014) was reviewed. Patients 10–18 years of age who had undergone fusion of 7 or more spinal levels for AIS were included. Thirty-day outcomes (complications, readmissions, and reoperations) were compared based on patient BMI per age- and sex-adjusted growth charts as follows: normal weight (NW; BMI < 85th percentile), overweight (OW; BMI 85th–95th percentile), and obese (OB; BMI > 95th percentile).RESULTSPatients eligible for study numbered 2712 (80.1% female and 19.9% male) and had a mean age of 14.4 ± 1.8 years. Average BMI for the entire cohort was 21.9 ± 5.0 kg/m2; 2010 patients (74.1%) were classified as NW, 345 (12.7%) as OW, and 357 (13.2%) as OB. The overall complication rate was 1.3% (36/2712). For NW and OW patients, the complication rate was 0.9% in each group; for OB patients, the rate was 4.2% (p < 0.001). The 30-day readmission rate was 2.0% (55/2712) for all patients, 1.6% for NW patients, 1.2% for OW patients, and 5.0% for OB patients (p < 0.001). The 30-day reoperation rate was 1.4% (39/2712). Based on BMI, this reoperation rate corresponded to 0.9%, 1.2%, and 4.8% for NW, OW, and OB patients, respectively (p < 0.001). After controlling for patient age, number of spinal levels fused, and operative/anesthesia time on multiple logistic regression analysis, obesity remained a significant risk factor for complications (OR 4.61), readmissions (OR 3.16), and reoperations (OR 5.33; all p < 0.001).CONCLUSIONSBody mass index may be significantly associated with short-term outcomes after long-segment fusion procedures for AIS. Although NW and OW patients may have similar 30-day outcomes, OB patients had significantly higher wound complication, readmission, and reoperation rates and longer hospital stays than the NW patients. The findings of this study may help spine surgeons and patients in terms of preoperative risk stratification and perioperative expectations.
Thermostability and thermodynamic characterization of sprouted pearl millet ?-amylases for its biotechnological applications
Authors: Agbo KU , Okwuenu PC , Ezugwu AL , Eze SOO , Chilaka FC 
Published: October 2017

There is an increasing demand for amylolytic products such as glucose syrup in biotechnological industries. Starch liquification by ?-amylase must take place at temperatures higher than the gelatinization temperatures and the use for thermostable ?-amylase is therefore required. Two (or) isotypes namely amy-1 and amy-2 of ?-amylase from pearl millet have been investigated for their thermostability and thermodynamic characterization. Thermal inactivation of ?-amylase follows first order kinetics which varies with time and product during inactivation process. The half-life of ?-1 was 198 mins at 50°C. The Ea (inact) was calculated using Arrhenius plot gave 22.00 KCalmol-1K-1 for ?-1 and 19.44 KCalmol-1K-1 for ?-2. The Z-values were 22.52°C and 25.38°C for ?-1 and ?-2, respectively. The thermodynamic parameters: the enthalpy change of inactivation ?H (inact) had 87.815 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C for ?-1 and 78.56 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C for ?-2. The change in free energy of inactivation ?G (inact) of ?-1 and ?-2 were 105.5 KJmol-1K-1 and 104.33 KJmol-1K-1 at 50°C, respectively. The entropy of inactivation ?S (inact) values for ?-1 and ?-2 are calculated as -54.80 JMol-1K-1 and -79 JMol-1K-1 at 50°C. This suggest that the ?-1 and ?-2 are thermostable.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 159-166, 2017
Fluxes of methane and distribution of sulfate as influenced by coastal salt-marsh soil ecosystem of Northern Germany
Authors: Khan HR 
Published: October 2017

The study was conducted in Schleswig-Holstein at the Wadden sea coast of Northern Germany to evaluate the possible factors controlling methane (CH4) and sulfate (SO4) dynamics along a toposequence of daily to seasonally ?ooded coastal salt marsh soils. The soil at the top end of the salt marsh (with a height of 1.8 m above sea level: a.s.l. and a dense vegetation cover) was salic silty to clayic Typic Sulfaquent, while the soil at the bottom end (with some salt bushes and a 1.4 m a.s.l.) was sandy to silty Haplic Sulfaquent. The mean (depth: 0-100 cm) values of pH were around 7, and of redox potentials in the Typic Sulfaquent were ranged from -162 to +104 mV during all the seasons. The annual average emissions of CH4 were almost 10 fold higher (0.3 g m-2 a-1) in Haplic Sulfaquent than that (0.03 g m-2 a-1) of the Typic Sulfaquent. In all the pro?les, the concentrations of CH4 were very low and varied signi?cantly (p?0.05) with the seasons and soil depths. The concentrations of CH4 showed no dependence to temperature. The SO4 contents were observed maximum in the Typic Sulfaquent followed by Haplic Sulfaquent during all the seasons. There is no noticeable correlation was obtained between the SO4 and CH4 concentrations. Moreover, even CH4 was determined at depths where the SO4 concentration in the soil solution was around 1200 mg SO4 L-1.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(3), 177-186, 2017
Historical biogeography and phylogeny of the pantropical Psychotrieae alliance (Rubiaceae), with particular emphasis on the Western Indian Ocean Region
Authors: Razafimandimbison Sylvain G. , Kainulainen Kent , Wikström Niklas , Bremer Birgitta 
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The Western Indian Ocean Region (WIOR) is a biodiversity hotspot providing an ideal setting for exploring the origins of insular biodiversity and dynamics of island colonization. We aimed to investigate the origins of the WIOR Psychotrieae alliance (Rubiaceae) with typically small, probably mainly bird‐dispersed drupes, and the timing and direction or sequence of its colonization events in the region.METHODS:We used the program BEAST to estimate divergence times and Lagrange for biogeographic reconstruction.KEY RESULTS:The alliance has reached the WIOR at least 14 times via dispersals from Africa along with Asia and the Pacific mostly during the last 10 My, with at least one back‐colonization to Africa. We inferred the earliest dispersal to Madagascar from the Pacific or Asia in the Miocene and numerous out‐of‐Madagascar dispersals to the nearby archipelagos but no dispersal out of those archipelagos. Gynochthodes with multiple fruits reached Madagascar twice from the Pacific possibly via ocean drifting. Psychotria with dry fruits (schizocarps) colonized Madagascar from the Pacific or Asia before reaching the Comoros from Madagascar possibly via wind dispersal.CONCLUSIONS:This study reinforces the pivotal role of dispersal in shaping the WIOR biodiversity and as the critical initiating step in the generation of endemic biodiversity on its islands. The WIOR alliance shows strong Asian and Pacific affinities despite the proximity of the region to Africa. Madagascar has served as a stepping‐stone for subsequent dispersal to the rest of the region. The Afro‐Malagasy‐Seychelles genus Craterispermum and the Malagasy Puffia may represent relictual lineages.
An exquisitely preserved filmy fern (Hymenophyllaceae) from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia
Authors: Herrera Fabiany , Moran Robbin C. , Shi Gongle , Ichinnorov Niiden , Takahashi Masamichi , Crane Peter R. , Herendeen Patrick S. 
Published: October 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Hymenophyllaceae (“filmy ferns”) are a widely distributed group of predominantly tropical, epiphytic ferns that also include some temperate and terrestrial species. Hymenophyllaceae are one of the earliest‐diverging lineages within leptosporangiate ferns, but their fossil record is sparse, most likely because of their low fossilization potential and commonly poor preservation of their delicate, membranaceous fronds. A new species of unequivocal fossil Hymenophyllaceae, Hymenophyllum iwatsukii sp. nov., is described from the Early Cretaceous of Mongolia based on abundant and exceptionally well‐preserved material.METHODS:Bulk lignite samples collected from Tevshiin Govi and Tugrug localities in Mongolia, were disaggregated in water, cleaned with hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids, washed, and dried in air. Fossils were examined and compared to material of extant Hymenophyllaceae using LM and SEM.KEY RESULTS:The fossil fern specimens are assigned to the Hymenophyllaceae based on their membranaceous laminae with marginal sori that have sessile to short‐stalked sporangia with oblique, complete annuli, and trilete, tetrahedral‐globose spores. Within the family, the fossil material is assigned to the extant genus Hymenophyllum on the basis of bivalvate indusia and short, included receptacles.CONCLUSIONS:Hymenophyllum iwatsukii was likely an epiphyte based on the sedimentary environment in which the fossils are preserved, the associated fossil flora, and the growth habit of extant species of Hymenophyllum. The new fossil species underlines the extent to which morphological characters in Hymenophyllum have been conserved despite significant tectonic, climatic, ecological, and floristic changes since the Early Cretaceous.
Fantastic Striations and Where to Find Them: The Origin of Magnetically Aligned Striations in Interstellar Clouds
Authors: Chen Che-Yu , Li Zhi-Yun , King Patrick K. , Fissel Laura M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Thin, magnetically aligned striations of relatively moderate contrast with the background are commonly observed in both atomic and molecular clouds. They are also prominent in MHD simulations with turbulent converging shocks. The simulated striations develop within a dense, stagnated sheet in the midplane of the post-shock region where magnetically induced converging flows collide. We show analytically that the secondary flows are an inevitable consequence of the jump conditions of oblique MHD shocks. They produce the stagnated, sheet-like sub-layer through a secondary shock when, roughly speaking, the Alfvénic speed in the primary converging flows is supersonic, a condition that is relatively easy to satisfy in interstellar clouds. The dense sub-layer is naturally threaded by a strong magnetic field that lies close to the plane of the sub-layer. The substantial magnetic field makes the sheet highly anisotropic, which is the key to the striation formation. Specifically, perturbations of the primary inflow that vary spatially perpendicular to the magnetic field can easily roll up the sheet around the field lines without bending them, creating corrugations that appear as magnetically aligned striations in column density maps. On the other hand, perturbations that vary spatially along the field lines curve the sub-layer and alter its orientation relative to the magnetic field locally, seeding special locations that become slanted overdense filaments and prestellar cores through enhanced mass accumulation along field lines. In our scenario, the dense sub-layer, which is unique to magnetized oblique shocks, is the birthplace for both magnetically aligned diffuse striations and massive star-forming structures.
Effect of Local Environment and Stellar Mass on Galaxy Quenching and Morphology at 0.5 < z < 2.0*
Authors: Kawinwanichakij Lalitwadee , Papovich Casey , Quadri Ryan F. , Glazebrook Karl , Kacprzak Glenn G. , Allen Rebecca J. , Bell Eric F. , Croton Darren J. , Dekel Avishai , Ferguson Henry C. , Forrest Ben , Grogin Norman A. , Guo Yicheng , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Labbé Ivo , Lucas Ray A. , Nanayakkara Themiya , Spitler Lee R. , Straatman Caroline M. S. , Tran Kim-Vy H. , Tomczak Adam , Dokkum Pieter van 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We study galactic star formation activity as a function of environment and stellar mass over 0.5 < z < 2.0 using the FourStar Galaxy Evolution (ZFOURGE) survey. We estimate the galaxy environment using a Bayesian-motivated measure of the distance to the third nearest neighbor for galaxies to the stellar mass completeness of our survey,

at z = 1.3 (2.0). This method, when applied to a mock catalog with the photometric-redshift precision (

) of ZFOURGE, accurately recovers galaxies in low- and high-density environments. We quantify the environmental quenching efficiency and show that at

, it depends on galaxy stellar mass, demonstrating that the effects of quenching related to (stellar) mass and environment are not separable. In high-density environments, the mass and environmental quenching efficiencies are comparable for massive galaxies (

) at all redshifts. For lower-mass galaxies (

), the environmental quenching efficiency is very low at

, but increases rapidly with decreasing redshift. Environmental quenching can account for nearly all quiescent lower-mass galaxies (

), which appear primarily at

. The morphologies of lower-mass quiescent galaxies are inconsistent with those expected of recently quenched star-forming galaxies. Some environmental process must transform the morphologies on similar timescales as the environmental quenching itself. The evolution of the environmental quenching favors models that combine gas starvation (as galaxies become satellites) with gas exhaustion through star formation and outflows (“overconsumption”), and additional processes such as galaxy interactions, tidal stripping, and disk fading to account for the morphological differences between the quiescent and star-forming galaxy populations.
How Far Is Quasar UV/Optical Variability from a Damped Random Walk at Low Frequency?
Authors: Guo 郭恒 Hengxiao 潇 , Wang 王俊 Junxian 贤 , Cai 蔡振 Zhenyi 翼 , Sun 孙谋 Mouyuan 远 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Studies have shown that UV/optical light curves of quasars can be described using the prevalent damped random walk (DRW) model, also known as the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process. A white noise power spectral density (PSD) is expected at low frequency in this model; however, a direct observational constraint to the low-frequency PSD slope is difficult due to the limited lengths of the light curves available. Meanwhile, quasars show scatter in their DRW parameters that is too large to be attributed to uncertainties in the measurements and dependence on the variation of known physical factors. In this work we present simulations showing that, if the low-frequency PSD deviates from the DRW, the red noise leakage can naturally produce large scatter in the variation parameters measured from simulated light curves. The steeper the low-frequency PSD slope, the larger scatter we expect. Based on observations of SDSS Stripe 82 quasars, we find that the low-frequency PSD slope should be no steeper than −1.3. The actual slope could be flatter, which consequently requires that the quasar variabilities should be influenced by other unknown factors. We speculate that the magnetic field and/or metallicity could be such additional factors.
Development and Validation of MRI Sacroiliac Joint Scoring Methods for the Semiaxial Scan Plane Corresponding to the Berlin and SPARCC MRI Scoring Methods, and of a New Global MRI Sacroiliac Joint Method
Authors: Hededal Pernille , Østergaard Mikkel , Sørensen Inge Juul , Loft Anne Gitte , Hindrup Jens S. , Thamsborg Gorm , Asmussen Karsten , Hendricks Oliver , Nørregaard Jesper , Møller Jakob M. , Jurik Anne Grethe , Morsel Lone , Balding Lone , Pedersen Susanne Juhl 
Published: October 2017

Objective.To develop semiaxial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring methods for assessment of sacroiliac joint (SIJ) bone marrow edema (BME) in patients with axial spondyloarthritis, and to compare the reliability with equivalent semicoronal scoring methods.Methods.Two semiaxial SIJ MRI scoring methods were developed based on the principles of the semicoronal Berlin and Spondyloarthritis Research Consortium of Canada (SPARCC) methods. A global quadrant-based method was also developed. Baseline and 12-week MRI of the SIJ from 51 patients participating in a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of adalimumab 40 mg every other week versus placebo were scored by the semiaxial and the corresponding semicoronal methods. Results were compared by linear regression analysis. The reproducibility and sensitivity were evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and smallest detectable change [SDC, absolute values and percentage of the highest observed score (SDC-HOS)].Results.Interreader and intrareader ICC were moderate to very high for semiaxial scoring methods (baseline 0.83–0.88 and 0.85–0.97; change 0.33–0.78), while high to very high for semicoronal scoring methods (baseline 0.90–0.92 and 0.93–0.97; change 0.77–0.89). Association between semiaxial and semicoronal scores were high for both the Berlin and SPARCC method (baseline: R2 = 0.93 and 0.88; change: R2 = 0.82 and 0.87, respectively), while lower for the global method (baseline: R2 = 0.79; change: R2 = 0.54). The SDC-HOS were 9.8–18.6% and 5.9–10.7% for the semiaxial and semicoronal methods, respectively.Conclusion.Detection of SIJ BME in the semiaxial scan plane is feasible and reproducible. However, a slightly lower reliability of all 3 semiaxial methods supports the general practice of using the coronal scan-plane in therapeutic studies.
Naissance d’un showrunner français ou l’art de produire des séries TV
Authors: Rochant Éric 
Published: October 2017

Le Bureau des légendes, produit pour Canal+, a fait entrer la France dans le paysage mondial des séries, ce qui a exigé la mise en place de modes d’organisation renouvelés. Éric Rochant a été un des premiers à exercer en France un métier nouveau ainsi créé : le showrunner.
La machine à jouer d’Étienne Souriau ou le théâtre comme art de philosopher
Authors: Barbéris Isabelle 
Published: October 2017

Longtemps restée marginale à l’intérieur des études théâtrales, la théorie du drame d’Étienne Souriau fait l’objet d’une redécouverte liée à « l’évènement anthropocène ». Souriau fait du théâtre un hybride entre le vivant et la machine et opère un renversement entre la scène et le hors-champ grâce à une théorisation de la « situation » en de nombreux point opposée à celle de Sartre.
Blason d’un corps
Authors: Corcos Maurice 
Published: October 2017

Notre expérience personnelle est basée sur une population de graves anorexiques et de boulimiques avec des symptômes majeurs, évoluant généralement sur plusieurs années. Le traitement et le suivi pour certains d’entre eux sont répartis sur plusieurs années, et peut-être supérieur à dix ans dans quelques cas. Cette pratique qui associe un grand nombre de cas et des traitements individuels individualisés à long terme a permis l’émergence d’une certaine quantité de données qui ont soulevé un certain nombre de questions concernant le fonctionnement mental de ces patients. Ces observations nous ont amené à penser que la difficulté essentielle de ces adolescents réside dans leur personnalité et leur capacité à faire face aux conflits. De nombreux auteurs suggèrent que les angoisses narcissiques se trouvent derrière l’impassibilité addictive dans les troubles de l’alimentation Cela peut donc être conceptualisé comme une structure narcissique de défense contre les angoisses perturbatrices. Lorsque cette défense est inefficace, des réactions dépressives sévères sont observées. Nous semblons voir le plus souvent une proximité, mais pas une continuité avec, des épisodes de mélancolie : Le plus souvent, cette défense contient avec succès des pannes, avec des degrés variables d’effet, et ce que nous voyons cliniquement est plus de l’ordre du désespoir et la défense contre la dépression, plutôt que la dépression symptomatique établie. C’est cette dynamique, cet évitement du désespoir lié à un schéma narcissique compensatoire juxtaposé qui, nous le sentons, doit être apprécié pour comprendre les risques qui se développent dans ces comportements : psychotic breakdowns, développement anormal, troubles de la conduite et tendances psychopathiques et réactions psychosomatiques.
Anorexie et art-thérapie relationnelle
Authors: Al-Husseini Leila 
Published: October 2017

Il est question d’exposer quelques moments importants d’une thérapie toujours en cours auprès de Lucie une jeune femme souffrant d’anorexie. La démarche relationnelle en art-thérapie va opérer chez Lucie un changement essentiel qui se traduit par le fait que le travail avec les couleurs ravive ses souvenirs et donne une place réelle aux émotions et aux rêves jusqu’alors refoulés. L’émergence du corps avec ses sensations et ses douleurs dues à la dénutrition est pour le moment une épreuve épuisante pour elle. Le chemin à faire est encore long mais la thérapie permet à Lucie de s’éloigner de cette zone de danger et d’une issue fatale de son désordre affectif qu’elle exprime par son anorexie.
Exploring Nursing Students' Experiences of Learning Using Phenomenography: A Literature Review
Authors: Barry Sinead , Ward Louise , Walter Ruby 
Published: October 2017

Background:
The purpose of this extensive international and national literature review was to explore how phenomenography identifies nursing students' experiences of learning within preregistration (or prelicensure) nursing education.

Method:

Data were collected utilizing a comprehensive search of electronic databases. Full text, peer-reviewed, and scholarly articles published in English using the search terms
phenomengraph*
,
nurs*
,
student
,
education
, and
learning
were reviewed.

Results:
Two discreet themes emerged exploring students' experiences of learning within preregistration nursing education: (a) Phenomenography was a beneficial method to expose variation in students' understandings of a challenging concept or topic and (b) phenomenography was beneficial to evaluate teaching methods in attempt to improve student learning of challenging and complex concepts.

Conclusion:

On the basis of these findings, future research utilizing phenomenography within nursing education has potential to uncover variation in students' understandings of mental health, with future consideration of implications to nursing curriculum design and development. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(10):591–598.]
Mindfulness Meditation Versus Physical Exercise in the Management of Depression Among Nursing Students
Authors: Alsaraireh Faris Abdelkarim , Aloush Sami Mohammad 
Published: October 2017

Background:
Depression among nursing students is an ongoing problem. Several psychotherapies have been suggested as alternatives to antidepressants in the management of depression. The aim of this randomized controlled study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness meditation versus physical exercise in the management of depression among nursing students.

Method:

A sample of 181 soon-to-graduate nursing students participated in the study and were assigned at random to one of two therapies: physical exercise (
n
= 90) or mindfulness meditation (
n
= 91). The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale was completed by the participants in both groups prior to the therapies and after completion.

Results:
The findings indicated that both therapies were effective in the management of depression. However, mindfulness meditation is more effective than physical exercise.

Conclusion:

Mindfulness meditation is recommended over physical exercise in the management of depression among undergraduate nursing students. [
J Nurs Educ.
2017;56(10):599–604.]