bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acquired Perforating Dermatosis After Herpes Zoster: Wolf Isotopic Response
Authors: Du Xiao H. , Huang Su Y. , Zeng Xiao F. , Lu Si J. , Gao Zhe 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWolf isotopic response (WIR) is a phenomenon in which a second, unrelated skin disease arises at the same site as a previously healed dermatosis. WIR most commonly occurs in healed herpes zoster but has also been described in other conditions, such as herpes simplex virus, varicella‐zoster virus, and skin tumors. Acquired perforating dermatosis (APD) is characterized by transepidermal elimination of collagen bundles that lead to the development of ulcerative papules, which are often associated with systemic conditions such as diabetes or renal failure. This report documents a rare occurrence of APD after WIR and reviews related published works.
The angled‐web: Recreational angling as an underappreciated disruptor to the interconnectedness of terrestrial and freshwater food webs
Authors: Britton J. R. , Andreou D. , Boardman R. , Garcia F. , Gimenez M. , Imbert A. , Parker B. , Warren B. , Yeldham M. , Cucherousset J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

The interconnectedness of adjacent freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems results in ‘tangled‐webs’, where the cross‐boundary exchange of materials results in energy flows that provide critical resources for ecosystem productivity. However, these energy flows can be disrupted by anthropogenic activities, resulting in modified ecosystem functioning.

A ubiquitous anthropogenic activity in fresh waters is recreational angling. Five major angling activities can disrupt the structure of the ‘tangled‐web’ to produce an ‘angled‐web’ (a tangled food web that is modified by angling activities). (1) Fish stocking increases the number and species available to exploit, but the increased fish abundances can have strong top‐down effects and disrupt reciprocal prey subsidies. Following capture, fish are either (2) harvested or (3) released alive (‘catch‐and‐release0’); both can both drive eco‐evolutionary changes that can modify food‐web structure. Where fish are exploited using baited hooks, (4) the release of ‘ground‐bait’ is used as a fish attractant; its composition of novel protein and carbohydrate sources form novel trophic links in the food web and can accelerate eutrophication. Some angling styles also require (5) riparian and in‐stream vegetation to be cleared to minimise gear fouling, potentially modifying fish spawning and nursery areas.

We suggest that each of these angling impacts (and their interactions) can contribute to transforming the ‘tangled web’ into an ‘angled‐web’, with the strength and direction of the transformation dependent on angling pressure, prevailing fishery practices, regulations and management, and the extent of the interaction effects of the activities. These interactions and their impacts will vary globally given angling methods, practices and regulations differ across the world.

We argue that, in this era of substantial environmental change driven by climate change, habitat loss and nutrient enrichment of fresh waters, the extent to which angling impacts food webs should not be overlooked and underappreciated. We emphasise that when freshwater angling activities are poorly managed and/or unregulated, they can strongly modify the interconnectedness between terrestrial and freshwater food webs.
Ability of the SMART‐COP score to predict the need for intensive care unit admission and mortality in older patients with non–ventilator‐associated hospital‐acquired pneumonia: A retrospective observational study
Authors: Kollu Korhan , Yilmaz Kars Merve , Dogan Mustafa Hakan , Akkar Ilyas , Dikmeer Ayse , Kizilarslanoglu Muhammet Cemal 
Published: October 2024

AimTo evaluate the ability of SMART‐COP (systolic blood pressure, multilobar infiltrates, albumin, respiratory rate, tachycardia, confusion, oxygen and pH) score to predict the need for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mortality among patients with non–ventilator‐associated hospital‐acquired pneumonia (NV‐HAP) and to compare ICU‐hospitalized patients with those followed‐up in the clinic, as well as the patients who survived with those who died in the ICU, in terms of clinical and laboratory parameters.MethodsA total of 203 patients (aged > 65 years) who were diagnosed with NV‐HAP while staying in the geriatric clinic were enrolled in this retrospective observational study. Patient information was retrieved from hospital files.ResultsIn a total of 203 patients with NV‐HAP, the rate of ICU admission was 77.3% and the rate of mortality was 40.9%. The SMART‐COP score was significantly higher in those admitted to the ICU and those died in the ICU (ICU nonsurvivors). The rate of ICU mortality was 52.9%. The SMART‐COP score had significantly poor to moderate ability to predict the need for ICU admission (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.583) and both in‐hospital mortality (AUC = 0.633) and ICU mortality (AUC = 0.617) with low sensitivity. The regression analysis revealed that a one‐unit increase in SMART‐COP score resulted in a 1.2‐fold increase in both the hospital and ICU mortality (P < 0.05 for both) and 1.1‐fold increase in ICU admission (P = 0.154).ConclusionThe SMART‐COP score has poor to moderate ability to predict the need for ICU admission, in‐hospital mortality and ICU mortality, and a one‐unit increase in the SMART‐COP score significantly increases the risk of both hospital and ICU mortality. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 1165–1172.
Residential Segregation of Foreign Immigrants in South Korea by Country‐of‐Birth Income
Authors: Kim Chanyong , Kim Donghyun 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study examines changes in spatial distribution and residential segregation patterns of immigrant groups in South Korea from 2008 to 2021. Since the mid‐1990s, the immigrant community has increased rapidly; however, geographical stratification has intensified among heterogeneous immigrant groups. Foreign immigrants from 195 countries are divided into four groups based on the average income in the country of birth. Dissimilarity and multigroup entropy indices were adopted to explore the aspatial aspects of immigrant segregation. Exploratory spatial data analysis was used to examine the spatial separation of foreign clusters. The implications of these results are threefold. First, immigrant residential segregation is as serious as in developed countries and has deepened. Second, immigrants from advanced economies are concentrated in Seoul, while immigrants from upper‐middle economies are clustered in the southwestern part of the capital region. In contrast, immigrants born in lower‐middle class and underdeveloped countries are distributed among rural and manufacturing areas in the non‐capital region. Finally, the differences in the course of economic migration according to socioeconomic background are considered to be the decisive cause of the spatial segregation of immigrants. This study challenges policymakers engaged in integrating immigrant communities in South Korea.
The Encounter of Two Worlds: Divided Narratives of Decision‐Making on Cancer Treatment Between Physicians and Patients
Authors: Lu Weiwei , Wong Dennis Sing Wing 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionDivided narratives pose long‐standing difficulties in physician and patient communication. In decision‐making on cancer treatment, divided narratives between physicians and patients hinder mutual understanding and agreement over the illness and its treatment. For effective decision‐making on treatments, it is necessary to investigate the similarities and differences in these divided narratives.MethodsThis study adopted a qualitative research design of narrative inquiry to examine the data, which included interviews with 32 cancer patients and 16 paired physicians in two hospitals in China. Data analysis was conducted using grounded theory to generate findings.ResultsBoth physicians and patients were concerned about goals and obstacles to their decision‐making on cancer treatment. Four common aspects of goal setting were identified from the divided narratives: decision pools, treatment goals, identity practice and preferred identity. Four common obstacles were identified: pains and trust, communication gap, financial issues and complex family. However, the meanings attached to these eight aspects differed between physicians and patients.ConclusionCancer treatment decision‐making is an encounter of the scientific world and lifeworld. A divided narrative approach can identify the similarities and differences in the decision‐making on cancer treatment between physicians and patients. Physicians generally adopt a rational decision‐making approach, whereas patients generally adopt a relational decision‐making approach. Despite the common concerns in their goals and obstacles, physicians and patients differed in their contextualized interpretations, which demonstrates the physicians' and the patients' pursuit of preferred identities in decision‐making. The results of this study provide a new perspective to treatment decision‐making, emphasizing the importance of narrative integration in reaching mutual agreement.Patient and Public ContributionThe findings were shared with 15 cancer patients and caregivers for feedback and advice in June 2024. This study was also presented at the international conferences of COMET (International and Interdisciplinary Conference on Communication, Medicine, and Ethics) and ICCH (International Conference on Communication in Healthcare) 2023 for continuous feedback and comments.
Long COVID and Health Inequalities: What's Next for Research and Policy Advocacy?
Authors: Baz Sarah Akhtar , Woodrow Mirembe , Clutterbuck Donna , Fang Chao , Mullard Jordan , Banerjee Amitava , Barley‐McMullen Sarah , Carpentieri Jd , Donskoy Anne‐Laure , Faux‐Nightingale Alice , Lewis‐Jackson Sasha , O'Hara Margaret E. , Rai Tanvi , Sherwood Ondine , Smyth Nina , Stanley Kirsty , Welsh Victoria , Mir Ghazala , Alwan Nisreen A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionOrganised by the ‘Qualitative Long Covid Network’, a workshop for qualitative Long COVID (LC) researchers, LC charity representatives and people with LC took place in June 2023, where research on the intersectional inequalities affecting LC prevalence, recognition and care was shared and discussed.MethodsFive key themes were drawn up from presentations, discussions and reflections during the workshop, which are presented in this study.ResultsThe following five themes are discussed: the unfairness of LC, difficulties in accessing care, mistrust of the healthcare system, a lack of understanding of LC and experiences of stigma and discrimination. Factors that widen or narrow inequalities related to LC were identified.ConclusionA call to action is proposed to investigate and address inequalities through a robust LC research agenda that speaks with conviction to policy and decision‐makers. We argue that there needs to be a strong investment in research and evidence‐based policy and practice to mitigate the worst effects of the condition and address the inequalities in experience, treatment and support, which are experienced more often and more acutely by some of society's most vulnerable and disadvantaged individuals.Patient and Public (PPI) ContributionProjects included in this article had PPI ongoing activity to inform their research. A member of the CONVALESCENCE PPI group presented at the QLC Network ‘Long Covid and Health Inequalities’ workshop, as did members of Long COVID Kids, Long COVID Support and Long COVID SOS charities. They were all invited to be co‐authors of this article.
A deep learning approach to case prioritisation of colorectal biopsies
Authors: White Ciara D , Chetty Runjan , Weldon John , Morrissey Maria E , Sykes Rob , Gîrleanu Corina , Colleuori Mirko , Fitzgerald Jenny , Power Adam , Ahmad Ajaz , Carmody Seán , Moulin Pierre , O'Shea Donal , Aslam Muhammad , Dada Mahomed A , Loughrey Maurice B , McManus Martine C , Nowak Klaudia M , McCombe Kristopher , Hutton Sinead , Rafferty Máirín , Mulligan Niall 
Published: October 2024

AimsTo create and validate a weakly supervised artificial intelligence (AI) model for detection of abnormal colorectal histology, including dysplasia and cancer, and prioritise biopsies according to clinical significance (severity of diagnosis).Materials and methodsTriagnexia Colorectal, a weakly supervised deep learning model, was developed for the classification of colorectal samples from haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)‐stained whole slide images. The model was trained on 24 983 digitised images and assessed by multiple pathologists in a simulated digital pathology environment. The AI application was implemented as part of a point and click graphical user interface to streamline decision‐making. Pathologists assessed the accuracy of the AI tool, its value, ease of use and integration into the digital pathology workflow.ResultsValidation of the model was conducted on two cohorts: the first, on 100 single‐slide cases, achieved micro‐average model specificity of 0.984, micro‐average model sensitivity of 0.949 and micro‐average model F1 score of 0.949 across all classes. A secondary multi‐institutional validation cohort, of 101 single‐slide cases, achieved micro‐average model specificity of 0.978, micro‐average model sensitivity of 0.931 and micro‐average model F1 score of 0.931 across all classes. Pathologists reflected their positive impressions on the overall accuracy of the AI in detecting colorectal pathology abnormalities.ConclusionsWe have developed a high‐performing colorectal biopsy AI triage model that can be integrated into a routine digital pathology workflow to assist pathologists in prioritising cases and identifying cases with dysplasia/cancer versus non‐neoplastic biopsies.
A survey of commercial soda–lime–silica glass compositions: Trends and opportunities I—Compositions, properties and theoretical energy requirements
Authors: Deng Wei , Wakelin Elliott , Kilinc Erhan , Bingham Paul A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis research aimed to investigate the compositions of commercial soda–lime–silica glasses currently present in the UK market, as there is a lack of recent research on the subject, with the most recent studies now being over 20 years old. This study involved sampling and analyzing the compositions of over 30 commercial soda–lime–silica container and float glass samples, primarily from the UK market, in 2022 to 2023. Based on the results, the characteristics of these commercial glasses has been evaluated using multiple property models and analysis methods. In the first part, we illustrated the opportunities for glass manufacturers to modify or adjust their glass compositions to enable lower melting temperatures, thereby reducing energy demand and fuel carbon emissions. This can help the glass industry meet its net zero carbon emissions targets. It de‐risks compositional modifications for a glass manufacturer by highlighting that other manufacturers have already successfully commercially implemented such changes.
Mastering meta‐analysis in Microsoft Excel with MetaXL add‐in: A comprehensive tutorial and guide to meta‐analysis
Authors: Elmakaty Ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRationaleMeta‐analysis, a powerful technique for combining effect estimates from multiple studies, enhances statistical power and precision. However, its adoption can be hindered by challenges in statistical interpretation and the complexity of specialized software. MetaXL, a freely available Microsoft Excel add‐in, aims to mitigate these barriers by providing comprehensive support and facilitating seamless integration of meta‐analytical results into research publications.Aims and ObjectivesThis tutorial illustrates the practical application of MetaXL for synthesizing meta‐analytical evidence, with a focus on common effect sizes and their presentation.MethodThis paper reintroduce MetaXL's functions and provide concise explanations of common effect sizes employed in meta‐analysis. The tutorial delves into fundamental concepts such as the selection of appropriate effect sizes for pooling and the choice of meta‐analytical models. Eight illustrative examples are presented, incorporating diverse effect sizes and data formats, including scenarios involving incidence rate ratios, weighted and standardized mean differences, hazard ratios, and prevalence. Additionally, key concepts in network meta‐analysis are discussed, along with their implementation in MetaXL. MetaXL provides convenient access to data formatting templates tailored to various data types and effect sizes encountered in included studies.Results and ConclusionThis tutorial offers researchers, particularly those with limited resources, detailed explanations and insights into commonly used methodologies for pooling effect sizes. Furthermore, it introduces the new Excel functions that comes with the MetaXL add‐in. Accurate population of this function and adherence to the correct format are essential to ensure error‐free analyzes.
Influence of preheating and water storage on the color, whiteness, and translucency of modern resin‐based composites
Authors: Prodan Corina Mirela , Gasparik Cristina , Ruiz‐López Javier , Dudea Diana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the influence of preheating and water storage on color, whiteness, and translucency of one‐shaded, group‐shaded, and multi‐shaded resin‐based composites.Materials and MethodsA total of 270 samples were fabricated from one‐shaded (Omnichroma), group‐shaded (Optishade MD), and multi‐shaded (Enamel Plus HRI) resin‐based composites and divided into six groups: no heating (control) and 1–5 heatings (test) (n = 15). The CIE L*, a*, b*, C*, and h° color coordinates were registered over white, black, and gray backgrounds with a spectrophotometer before and after 24, 72, 144 h water storage. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to evaluate differences in the color coordinates, whiteness index, and translucency parameter (α = 0.05). The Mann–Whitney U test was performed with a Bonferroni correction (p < 0.001) for pairwise comparisons. CIEDE2000 color, whiteness, and translucency differences between groups and subgroups were evaluated using their respective 50%:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds.ResultsPreheating influenced color coordinates, whiteness index, and relative translucency parameters (p < 0.001). Although color differences were below the acceptability threshold for all materials, translucency differences were above the acceptability threshold for Omnichroma. Water storage significantly influenced the whiteness index of Optishade MD (p < 0.001).ConclusionsPreheating had a more considerable effect on the color, whiteness, and translucency of one‐shaded resin‐based composite, while water storage influenced group‐shaded resin‐based composite more importantly.Clinical SignificancePreheating influences the color, whiteness level, and translucency of the resin‐based composites, but the variations remain generally clinically acceptable; however, practitioners should be aware that the modifications in translucency for one‐shaded resin‐based composites could be more important than for group‐shaded and multi‐shaded resin‐based composites.
Veteran comfort and satisfaction with comprehensive geriatric assessment via video telehealth to home
Authors: Sawyer Linda M. , Keller Hallie E. , Cervantes Maria D. , Howell Teresa F. , Scott Robynn J. , Dunlap Janette , Cigolle Christine T. , Dawson Bonnie D. , Sullivan Dennis H. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this project was to measure satisfaction with virtual comprehensive geriatric assessments (CGA) among older Veterans (OVs).MethodsThe CGA involved five different healthcare providers and four one‐hour VA Video Connect (VVC) calls. Using specific enrollment criteria, OVs were recruited in four cohorts separated by time. After completing the CGA, participants were asked to complete a 10‐statement telephone questionnaire. Before analyses, responses to each statement were dichotomized as Agree (Agree/Strongly agree) or Do not Agree (Neutral/Disagree/Strongly Disagree). Descriptive statistics and Binomial generalized linear models (GLMs) were used to analyze the data.ResultsAll 269 enrolled OVs completed all components of the CGA. This included 79, 57, 61, and 72 Veterans in cohorts 1 to 4, respectively. Their average age was 76.0 ± 5.9 years, and they were predominately white (82%), male (94%), and residents of rural settings (64%). Of the 236 (88%) OVs who completed the telephone survey, 57% indicated they were comfortable using VVC and 57% expressed willingness to use VVC again; 44% felt that VVC was easier than going to in‐person visits. The OVs in Cohort 1 were more likely to agree with these statements than those in the remaining cohorts, especially Cohorts 2 and 4. Differences in demographics partially explained some of these findings. The majority (89% or higher) of survey participants agreed with the remaining seven survey statements indicating they were satisfied with the CGA program.ConclusionOVs were very satisfied with their participation in a program of CGA, although not necessarily the mode of delivery. The percentage of participants who indicated discomfort using VVC for the CGA visits appeared to increase with time. Further work is needed to determine which OVs would be the best candidates to use VVC to complete all or part of a CGA.
Radiographic Measurements of the Hip Joint in Capuchin Monkeys (Sapajus spp.)
Authors: de Souza Siragusi Rafael H. , Rahal Sheila C. , da Silva Jeana P. , Mamprim Maria J. , Mayrink Cardoso Eduardo B. , Moresco Anneke 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundRadiographs are useful for the initial evaluation of the hip joints. The information can be utilized for the betterment of animal health or other goals such as anatomic studies and gait analysis, among others. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate radiographic measurements of the hip joint in capuchin monkeys, kept under human care at a reference center for wildlife.MethodsTwelve capuchin monkeys (Sapajus spp.) (three adult males, seven adult females, and two sub‐adult females) were evaluated. Ventrodorsal radiographic views were taken under chemical restraint. All measurements on the digital images were performed in triplicate by one examiner.Results and ConclusionsNone of the measurements evaluated were statistically different between males and females. No statistical differences were found between hind limbs. The mean (±SD) Norberg angle was 104.92° (±2.82°) and the Wiberg angle was 15.26° (±1.86°). The percentage of the femoral head covered by the acetabulum was 68.57% (±3.65%) and the acetabular index depth to width ratio was 54.66% (±3.85%). In conclusion, the radiographic measurements showed certain morphological features of the hip joint in Sapajus spp. that contribute to improving species knowledge.