bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reduced Kidney Function Is Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Prevalent and Predicted Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Chinese Adults: Results From the REACTION Study
Authors: Lu Jieli , Mu Yiming , Su Qing , Shi Lixin , Liu Chao , Zhao Jiajun , Chen Lulu , Li Qiang , Yang Tao , Yan Li , Wan Qin , Wu Shengli , Liu Yan , Wang Guixia , Luo Zuojie , Tang Xulei , Chen Gang , Huo Yanan , Gao Zhengnan , Ye Zhen , Wang Youmin , Qin Guijun , Deng Huacong , Yu Xuefeng , Shen Feixia , Chen Li , Zhao Liebin , Sun Jichao , Sun Wanwan , Wang Tiange , Du Rui , Lin Lin , Dai Meng , Xu Yu , Xu Min , Bi Yufang , Lai Shenghan , Li Donghui , Wang Weiqing , Ning Guang , Bloomgarden Zachary T. 
Published: September 2017

Background

Chronic kidney disease (
CKD
) increases cardiovascular disease (
CVD
) risk. However, the association of mildly reduced kidney function with
CVD
risk is unclear.

Methods and Results

This study investigated the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (
eGFR
) with prevalent CVDs, 10‐year Framingham risk for coronary heart disease (
CHD
), and 10‐year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (
ASCVD
) in 239 832 participants from the baseline of the Risk Evaluation of
cA
ncers in Chinese diabeTic Individuals: a
lON
gitudinal study. With an interviewer‐assisted questionnaire, we collected information on
CVD
, including reported
CHD
, stroke, or myocardial infarction. Chronic Kidney Disease–Epidemiology Collaboration (
CKD
‐
EPI
) equation was used to calculate
eGFR
. Compared with individuals with normal
eGFR
(≥90 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
), those with decreased
eGFR
(75–89, 60–74, and <60 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) had higher risk of prevalent obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia in both men and women (
P
for trend all <0.001). Moreover, a significantly higher 10‐year Framingham risk for
CHD
and 10‐year risk for
ASCVD
was observed in both men and women with mildly decreased
eGFR
(60–89 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
).

Conclusions

Even mildly reduced
eGFR
(under 90 mL/min per 1.73 m
2
) is associated with elevated 10‐year Framingham risk for
CHD
and 10‐year
ASCVD
risk among Chinese adults.
Prevalence, Predictors and Clinical Outcome of Residual Pulmonary Hypertension Following Tricuspid Annuloplasty
Authors: Chen Yan , Liu Ju‐Hua , Chan Daniel , Sit Ko‐Yung , Wong Chun‐Ka , Ho Kar‐Lai , Ho Lai‐Ming , Zhen Zhe , Lam Yui‐Ming , Lau Chu‐Pak , Au Wing‐Kok , Tse Hung‐Fat , Yiu Kai‐Hang 
Published: September 2017

Background

Tricuspid annuloplasty is increasingly performed during left heart valve surgery, but the long‐term clinical outcome postoperatively is not satisfactory. The aim of this study was to determine whether residual pulmonary hypertension (
PHT
) contributes to the adverse outcome.

Methods and Results

One‐hundred thirty‐seven patients (age 61±11 years; men, 30%) who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty during left‐side valve surgery were enrolled. The mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure before surgery was 49±13 mm Hg and 32±15 mm Hg following surgery. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to postoperative pulmonary artery systolic pressure: no residual
PHT
(n=78, 57%), mild residual
PHT
(n=43, 31%), or significant residual
PHT
(n=16, 12%). A preoperative larger right ventricular (
RV
) geometry and tricuspid valve tethering area were associated with mild or significant residual
PHT
. A total of 24 adverse events (20 heart failures and 4 cardiovascular deaths) occurred during a median follow‐up of 25 months. Kaplan–Meier survival curve demonstrated that patients with significant residual
PHT
had the highest percentage of adverse events followed by those with mild residual
PHT
. Patients with no residual
PHT
had a very low risk of adverse events. Multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that both mild (hazard ratio=4.94; 95% CI =1.34–18.16;
P
=0.02) and significant residual
PHT
(hazard ratio=8.67; 95% CI =2.43–30.98;
P
<0.01) were independent factors associated with adverse events.

Conclusions

The present study demonstrated that 43% of patients who underwent tricuspid annuloplasty had residual
PHT
. The presence of mild or significant residual
PHT
was associated with adverse events in these patients.
Development of a Telemetric System for Postoperative Follow‐up of Vascular Surgery Procedures: In Vitro Model
Authors: Hernando Rydings Manuel , Marín Palacios Pilar , Aragón‐Sánchez Ana M. , Bravo Ruiz Esther , Lopez‐Dominguez Victor , Martínez López Isaac , Fernández Pérez Cristina , Bilbao González Amaia , Serrano Hernando Francisco Javier , Vega Manrique Reyes , Hernando Grande Antonio 
Published: September 2017

Background
Because of the unique electromagnetic characteristics of the magnetoelastic microwire, the changes in the pressure of a fluid will provoke a variation of the mechanical pressure on the sensor, which will cause a variation of its magnetization that will be detectable wirelessly. Thus, a wireless system can be developed for following up vascular surgery procedures.

Methods and Results

The sensor consists of a magnetoelastic microwire ring, which was integrated into an in vitro model with pulsatile flow. Different degrees of stenosis were simulated in different locations both in bovine artery as well as in a polytetrafluoroethylene anastomosis. A Fourier analysis of the registered signals and a statistical analysis using Pearson test and receiver operating characteristic (
ROC
) curves were made. A Pearson index of 0.945 (
P
<0.001) was obtained between the invasive pressure of the fluid and the power of the signal transmitted by the sensor in bovine artery. The sensor obtained very good
ROC
curves upon analyzing the signals registered, both in the case of preanastomotic stenosis (area under the curve [
AUC
], 0.98; 95%
CI
, 0.97–1.00), of anastomosis (
AUC
, 0.93; 95%
CI
, 0.86–0.99), as well as distal (
AUC
, 0.88; 95%
CI
, 0.79–0.98), compared to the control group.

Conclusions
The magnetoelastic microwire has shown that it is capable of detecting, locating, and quantifying the degree of stenosis in bovine artery, as well as in a latero‐terminal anastomosis, with a high statistical potency. For the first time, a wireless in vitro sensor has been developed for the postoperative follow‐up of vascular surgery procedures.
Impact of South Asian Ethnicity on Long‐Term Outcomes After Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: A Large Population‐Based Propensity Matched Study
Authors: Deb Saswata , Tu Jack V. , Austin Peter C. , Ko Dennis T. , Rocha Rodolfo , Mazer C. David , Kiss Alex , Fremes Stephen E. 
Published: September 2017

Background
Ethnicity is an important predictor of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) outcomes. South Asians (SA), one of the largest ethnic groups with a high burden of cardiovascular disease, are hypothesized to have inferior outcomes after CABG compared to other ethnic groups. Given the paucity and controversy of literature in this area, the objective of this study was to examine the impact of SA versus the general population (GP) on long‐term outcomes following CABG.

Method and Results

Using administrative databases and a surname algorithm, 83 850 patients (SA: 2653, GP: 81 197) who underwent isolated CABG in Ontario, Canada from 1996 to 2007 were identified; mean follow‐up was 9.1±3.9 years. SA were younger (SA: 61.7±9.4, GP: 64.1±10.0 years, standardized difference=0.25) with more cardiac risk factors, including diabetes (SA: 54.1%, GP: 34.9%, standardized difference =0.40). Propensity‐score matching resulted in 2473 matched pairs between SA and GP with all baseline covariates being balanced (standardized difference <0.1). Being a SA compared to the GP was protective against freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, defined by all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or coronary reintervention: Adjusted Cox‐proportional hazard ratio 0.91, 95% CI (0.83–0.99), adjusted‐
P
=0.04; this was also true for freedom from all‐cause mortality: hazard ratio 0.81, 95% CI (0.72–0.91), adjusted
P
=0.0004. The adjusted proportion of major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events was lower in the SA (SA: 34.7%, GP: 37.8%, McNemar
P
=0.03), driven largely by all‐cause mortality (SA: 20.4%, GA: 24.3%, McNemar
P
=0.001).

Conclusions
Contrary to existing notions, our study finds that being a SA is protective with respect to freedom from long‐term major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events and mortality after CABG. More studies are required to corroborate and explore causal factors of these findings.
Living and dying with advanced dementia: A prospective cohort study of symptoms, service use and care at the end of life
Authors: Sampson Elizabeth L , Candy Bridget , Davis Sarah , Gola Anna Buylova , Harrington Jane , King Michael , Kupeli Nuriye , Leavey Gerry , Moore Kirsten , Nazareth Irwin , Omar Rumana Z , Vickerstaff Victoria , Jones Louise 
Published: September 2017

Background: Increasing number of people are dying with advanced dementia. Comfort and quality of life are key goals of care. Aims: To describe (1) physical and psychological symptoms, (2) health and social care service utilisation and (3) care at end of life in people with advanced dementia. Design: 9-month prospective cohort study. Setting and participants: Greater London, England, people with advanced dementia (Functional Assessment Staging Scale 6e and above) from 14 nursing homes or their own homes. Main outcome measures: At study entry and monthly: prescriptions, Charlson Comorbidity Index, pressure sore risk/severity (Waterlow Scale/Stirling Scale, respectively), acute medical events, pain (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia), neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory), quality of life (Quality of Life in Late-Stage Dementia Scale), resource use (Resource Utilization in Dementia Questionnaire and Client Services Receipt Inventory), presence/type of advance care plans, interventions, mortality, place of death and comfort (Symptom Management at End of Life in Dementia Scale). Results: Of 159 potential participants, 85 were recruited (62% alive at end of follow-up). Pain (11% at rest, 61% on movement) and significant agitation (54%) were common and persistent. Aspiration, dyspnoea, septicaemia and pneumonia were more frequent in those who died. In total, 76% had ‘do not resuscitate’ statements, less than 40% advance care plans. Most received primary care visits, there was little input from geriatrics or mental health but contact with emergency paramedics was common. Conclusion: People with advanced dementia lived with distressing symptoms. Service provision was not tailored to their needs. Longitudinal multidisciplinary input could optimise symptom control and quality of life.
Evaluation of incubation time for Microsporum canis dermatophyte cultures
Authors: Stuntebeck Rebecca , Moriello Karen A , Verbrugge Maria 
Published: September 2017

Objectives The goal of this study was to determine how frequently Microsporum canis was isolated after 1, 2 and 3 weeks of incubation on dermatophyte culture medium either from untreated cats or cats during treatment. Methods This was an observational retrospective study. Toothbrush fungal culture results were examined from two data pools: untreated cats with suspect skin lesions and weekly fungal cultures from cats being treated for dermatophytosis. Results Results from 13,772 fungal cultures were reviewed and 2876 (20.9%) were positive for M canis. Of these, 2800 were confirmed as positive within 14 days of incubation and only 76 (2.6%) required >14 days for confirmation of M canis. In pretreatment specimens, 98.2% (1057/1076) of M canis isolates were recovered within 14 days of incubation in specimens from cats not known to have received prior antifungal treatment. For cats receiving treatment, 96.8% (1743/1800) of M canis isolates were recovered within 14 days of incubation. Of the 57 cultures that required >14 days for finalization, 21 required extra incubation time because cultures were grossly abnormal, 12 had concurrent contaminant growth delaying microscopic confirmation and 24 had no growth in the first 14 days. Of these 24, 19 had 1–2 colony-forming units (cfu)/plate and the remaining five plates had 5 to >10 cfu/plate, all with abnormal morphology. Conclusions and relevance The findings of this study show that it is not necessary to hold pretreatment or post-treatment fungal cultures for 21 days before finalizing cultures for no growth. Growth requiring >14 days had grossly abnormal morphology.
Treatment With Tafamidis Slows Disease Progression in Early-Stage Transthyretin Cardiomyopathy
Authors: Sultan Marla B , Gundapaneni Balarama , Schumacher Jennifer , Schwartz Jeffrey H 
Published: September 2017

Background: Transthyretin cardiomyopathy (TTR-CM) is a progressive, fatal disease caused by the accumulation of misfolded transthyretin (TTR) amyloid fibrils in the heart. Tafamidis is a kinetic stabilizer of TTR that inhibits misfolding and amyloid formation. Methods: In this post hoc analysis, data from an observational study (Transthyretin Amyloidosis Cardiac Study; n = 29) were compared with an open-label study of tafamidis in patients with TTR-CM (Fx1B-201; n = 35). To ensure comparable baseline disease severity, patients with New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional classification ≥III were excluded in this time-to-mortality analysis. Results: Patients with either wild-type or Val122Ile genotypes treated with tafamidis have a significantly longer time to death compared with untreated patients ( P = .0004). Similar results were obtained when limiting the analysis to wild-type patients only, without restricting NYHA functional classification ( P = .0262). Conclusions: These results support earlier conclusions suggesting that tafamidis slows disease progression compared with no treatment outside of standard of care and warrant further investigation. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00694161.
Charcot Collapse: Does Collapse Pattern Dictate Osseous Metabolism?
Authors: Grant Lisa , Yoho Robert , Halaharvi Chandana , Grant William 
Published: September 2017

Charcot fracture pattern (FP) and Charcot dislocation pattern (DP) are 2 distinct collapse patterns identified in Charcot neuroarthropathy of the foot and ankle. These patterns are believed to demonstrate relative differences in central bone mineral density (BMD), which has been theoretically extrapolated to describe local BMD. To assess variation in local bone composition of FP and DP patients, 10 patients, 5 DP and 5 FP were recruited. The patient’s age, body mass index (BMI), radiographs, central BMD, local BMD, sRANKL (soluble receptor activator nuclear factor kappa-beta ligand), sRAGE (soluble receptors of advanced glycated end-products), and osteocalcin were measured to determined bone metabolic status and density. Central BMD was determined using DEXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) scans of the hip. peripheral BMD was determined using scans at the level of the ankle mortise and Chopart’s joint, depending on the location of collapse. These scans were then compared with controls. Central and peripheral DEXA scans were significantly reduced in the FP ( P = .002 and P < .0001) when compared with healthy controls. Additionally, FP patients demonstrated statistically significant elevations in sRANKL ( P = .05) and sRAGE ( P = .002) when compared with DP. No significant difference was seen in osteocalcin ( P = 0.22); however, elevated values compared with normal reference ranges suggest increase bone production. These elevations combined with an osteoporotic profile may indicate difficulty of FP patients in repairing micro fracture. Results from this study emphasize the increased risk of nonunion during FP reconstruction, and highlight the variation in bone composition in these 2 Charcot subtypes. Levels of Evidence: Level III
Habitual pelvic posture and time spent sitting: Measurement test–retest reliability for the LUMOback device and preliminary evidence for slouched posture in individuals with low back pain
Authors: Takasaki Hiroshi 
Published: September 2017

Objectives: It has been difficult to monitor the pelvic position during actual daily life. However, recent developments in wearable device technologies, such as the LUMOback device, provide the possibility to evaluate habitual pelvic posture and time spent sitting during daily life. The current study aimed (1) to investigate test–retest reliability for habitual pelvic posture and time spent sitting with the LUMOback in individuals with prolonged low back pain (low back pain group) and without low back pain (control group), and (2) to preliminarily investigate differences in those measures between groups. Methods: Fifteen individuals in each group wore the LUMOback daily for 2 weeks. Intraclass correlation coefficients were calculated in each group by comparing the mean from the first week with the mean from the second week: (1) for the posture score, which is a proportion of time with neutral posture, and (2) for time spent sitting. The two measures for the first week were compared between the low back pain and control groups. Results: The intraclass correlation coefficients for the posture score were .82 in the low back pain group and .91 in the control group. The intraclass correlation coefficients for time spent sitting were .75 in the low back pain group and .85 in the control group. The posture score in the low back pain group (mean ± SD: 37.5% ± 10.3%) was less than that in the control group (49.6% ± 6.0%; p < .001), but there was no difference in time spent sitting between the groups (p > .05). Conclusions: The current study found (1) acceptable test–retest reliability for the posture score and time spent sitting evaluated by the LUMOback device, and (2) preliminary evidence of a difference in the posture score, indicating a more slouched lumbopelvic posture in individuals with prolonged low back pain than those without low back pain.
Effect of Hypoalbuminemia on Perioperative Complications and Hospital Outcomes in Ankle Fracture Fixation
Authors: Barber Collin , Chung Andrew , Jones Clifford , Russell George , Karr Sean 
Published: September 2017

Category: Trauma Introduction/Purpose: Pre-operative serum albumin levels have routinely been utilized to assess nutritional status. Malnutrition, as defined by serum albumin levels < 3.5 g/dL, has been associated with worse post-operative outcomes in multiple surgical settings. The effect of hypo-albuminemia on 30-day post-operative outcomes after operative fixation of ankle fractures has not been well delineated. Methods: Using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS-NSQIP) database, 1,526 patients who had undergone surgical fixation of ankle fractures were identified using Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes. Perioperative complications and length of hospital stay were compared between patients with and without hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin concentration <3.5 g/dL) with adjustment for patient and procedural factors. Complications were divided into major and minor. Major complications included death, myocardial infarction, sepsis, and return to operating room. Results: Preoperative diagnosis of hypoalbuminemia was present in 324 patients (21%). Multivariate analysis confirmed hypoalbuminemia as an independent risk factor for major complications following surgical fixation of ankle fractures (2.3% vs 7.7%; odds ratio [OR], 2.35; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.29 to 4.27; p=0.05). Patients with a preoperative diagnosis of hypoalbuminemia had an increased length of stay (p<0.001) and increased risk of rehospitalization (1.9% vs 7.1%; OR 4.072; 2.03 to 8.19, p<0.001) compared to those with normal albumin levels. Conclusion: The presence of hypoalbuminemia upon admission for ankle fracture fixation increases risk of major perioperative complications as well as hospital length of stay. Nutritional optimization of malnourished patients is important in patients undergoing operative fixation of ankle fractures.
Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction
Authors: Bariteau Jason , Robertson Douglas , Carpenter William 
Published: September 2017

Category: Hindfoot Introduction/Purpose: Stage 1 posterior tibial tendon dysfunction (PTTD) may be present without intra-substance tendon pathology. We hypothesize that in individuals with the clinical diagnosis of Stage 1 PTTD, with no MRI-detectable intra-substance tendon pathology, that sheath fluid amount is a confirmatory finding of PTTD. This purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of PTT sheath fluid in 1) individuals with the clinical diagnosis of Stage 1 PTTD and no MRI-detectable intra-substance tendon pathology and compare to controls with medial ankle pain (causes other) also without MRI-detectable intra-substance PTT pathology, and 2) test if there was a sheath fluid measurement predictive of the clinical diagnosis of PTTD. Methods: 326 individuals with medial ankle pain, no intra-substance PTT pathology, were studied, 48 with the clinical diagnosis of Stage 1 PTT dysfunction and 278 with medial ankle pain, causes other. Geometric methods defined MRI-based sheath fluid volume, maximum cross-sectional fluid area, and maximum fluid width. Fluid measurements were compared between groups and a predictive measurement calculated to identify individuals with PTTD. Measurement reliability was tested. Results: Individuals with PTT dysfunction had larger PTT sheath fluid volume, area, and width than controls (p’s < 0.001). An 9 mm threshold maximum fluid width was associated with PTTD (sensitivity 84%, specificity 85%). Measurements were reliable (p’s <0.03). Conclusion: The amount of PTT sheath fluid, in individuals with medial ankle pain and no intra-substance PTT pathology, was associated with Stage 1 PTTD and a maximum PTT sheath fluid width of > 9 mm predicted PTTD. This is clinically significance as MRI-detected sheath fluid can now be used as a confirmatory finding in individuals with the clinical diagnosis of Stage 1 PTTD who do not have MRI-detectable intra-substance pathology