bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of nicotine on the expressions of the α7 nicotinic receptor gene and Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in the mammary gland epithelial-7 breast cancer cell line and its relationship to drug resistance
Authors: Aali Naghmeh , Motalleb Gholamreza 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe binding of nicotine with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) stimulates cell division and increases drug resistance in cancer. Experiments with specific inhibitors such as RNAi, hexamethonium, and α-bungarotoxin showed that α7 nicotinic receptor plays a key role in the proproliferation activity of nicotine. However, the mechanism of nicotine in the progress of breast cancer, the commonest malignancy in women, remains unknown. This study focuses on the effect of nicotine on the expressions of the α7 nicotinic receptor gene and Bax and Bcl-2 proteins in mammary gland epithelial-7 (MCF-7) breast cancer cells and its relationship to drug resistance. To evaluate the effect on drug resistance, human mammary gland epithelial adenocarcinomas from the MCF-7 line were exposed to 100 μl of nicotine at a concentration of 9.2 mg/ml for varying periods of time. Then, the cells were treated with 1, 2, 3 or 5 μl/ml of doxorubicin, either with or without the continued presence of nicotine. Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. The biochemical parameters of apoptosis, including the expressions of Bax, Bcl-2 and α7 nicotinic receptor proteins were determined via western blotting, and the α7 nicotinic receptor gene expression level was assessed via real-time qPCR using the 2
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathodes: Importance of Chemical Composition and Morphology
Authors: Sadykov Vladislav A. , Muzykantov Vitaliy S. , Yeremeev Nikita F. , Pelipenko Vladimir V. , Sadovskaya Ekaterina M. , Bobin Alexey S. , Fedorova Yulia E. , Amanbaeva Daiana G. , Smirnova Alevtina L. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe main aspects of the cathode materials
morphology for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel
Cells (IT SOFC) are considered in this paper. The approaches
for estimation of their basic properties, e.g. oxygen mobility
and surface reactivity, are described and the results
of different techniques (e.g. weight and conductivity
relaxation, oxygen isotope exchange) application for studies
of powders and dense ceramic materials are compared.
The Ruddlesden-Popper type phases (e.g. Pr2NiO4) provide
enhanced oxygen mobility due to cooperative mechanism
of oxygen interstitial migration. For perovskites, the oxygen
mobility is increased by doping, which generates oxygen
vacancies or decreases metal-oxygen bond strength. Nonadditive
increasing of the oxygen diffusion coefficients
found that for perovskite-fluorite nanocomposites, it can be
explained by the fast oxygen migration along perovskitefluorite
interfaces. Functionally graded nanocomposite
cathodes provide the highest power density, the lowest
area specific polarization resistance, and the best stability
to degradation caused by the surface layer carbonization/
hydroxylation, thus being the most promising for thin film
IT SOFC design.
Cascade Feed Forward Neural Network-based Model for Air Pollutants Evaluation of Single Monitoring Stations in Urban Areas
Authors: Capizzi Giacomo , Sciuto Grazia Lo , Monforte P. , Napoli Christian 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, air pollutants concentrations for NO2, NO, NOx and PM10 in a single monitoring station are predicted using the data coming from other different monitoring stations located nearby. A cascade feed forward neural network based modeling is proposed. The main aim is to provide a methodology leading to the introduction of virtual monitoring station points consistent with the actual stations located in the city of Catania in Italy
Real-Time Cloud-based Game Management System via Cuckoo Search Algorithm
Authors: Połap Dawid , Woźniak Marcin , Napoli Christian , Tramontana Emiliano 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
-This paper analyses the idea of applying Swarm Intelligence in the process of managing the entire 2D board game in a real-time environment. For the proposed solution Game Management System is used as a cloud resource with a dedicated intelligent control agent. The described approach has been analysed on the basis of board games like mazes. The model and the control algorithm of the system is described and examined. The results of the experiments are presented and discussed to show possible advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method.
Solvability of Sequence Spaces Equations of the form (Eα)Δ + Fx = Fb
Authors: Malafosse Bruno de 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We present an Extended Continuous Block Backward Differentiation Formula (ECBBDF) of order k+1 for the numerical solution of stiff ordinary differential equations. This is achieved by constructing an Extended Continuous Backward Differentiation formula (ECBDF) together with the additional methods from its first derivative and are combined to form a single block of methods that simultaneously provide the approximate solutions for the stiff Initial Value Problems (IVPs). The error constant and stability property of the (ECBBDF) is discussed. We use the specific cases k = 4 and k = 5 to illustrate the process. The performance of the method is demonstrated on some numerical examples to show the accuracy and efficiency advantages of the method.
Some New Classes of Generalized Hermite-Based Apostol-Euler and Apostol-Genocchi Polynomials
Authors: Pathan M. A. , Khan Waseem A. 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized Apostol-Hermite-Euler polynomials and Apostol-Hermite-Genocchi polynomials and derive some implicit summation formulae by applying the generating functions. These results extend some known summations and identities of generalized Hermite-Euler polynomials studied by Dattoli et al, Kurt and Pathan.
Characterization of eating behavior disorders in school-aged children and adolescents: a population-based study
Authors: de Souza Cavalcanti Ana Márcia Tenório , de Arruda Ilma Kruze Grande , Moreno de Lima Emilly Anne Cardoso , Neto Waldemar Brandão , Meirelles Monteiro Estela Maria Leite , de Lima Luciane Soares , da Silva Diniz Alcides 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Objective:
Cross-sectional study to assess the characteristics of the risk behaviors for eating disorders (EDs) in school children between 10 and 14 years of age in the city of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.

Methods:
1405 school-aged children were assessed, using the Eating Behaviours and Body Image Test (EBBIT) to screen for EDs. The normality of the continuing variables was tested using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with Lilliefors correction. They were described as medians and interquartile intervals (25 and 75th percentiles).

Results:
The criteria that represented a condition of anorexia and/or bulimia nervosa were considered as strong indicators of risk for EDs in school-aged children who indicated the following behaviors with scores superior to the 75th percentile on the scales: “compulsive eating” 3.0% (CI95% 2.2–4.0); “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating” 1.3% (CI95% 0.8–2.0); children scoring superior to the 30th percentile, “compulsive eating” + “dissatisfaction with body image/restrictive eating”, 0.6% (CI95% 0.3–1.2); and superior to the 50th percentile; “compensatory behavior for hyperphagia” 6.7% (CI95% 5.4–8.1). In addition, greater vulnerability of the female gender was perceived, as well as an increase in the preliminary risk factors of EDs, such as advanced age, dissatisfaction with the body image linked to restrictive behaviors and the compulsive establishment of an eating pattern.

Conclusion:
This study shows the dimension of the problem in this ecological context and the urgent need for intervention programs, developed among different sectors, from the perspective of the adolescents’ empowerment to prevent and minimize the vulnerability factors of the eating disorders.
Youth friendly health services in a rural community of Lagos, Nigeria: are the youths receptive?
Authors: Wright KIkelomo Ololade , Oluwole Esther , Adeniran Adeyinka , Kuyinu Yetunde , Goodman Olayinka , Odusanya Olumuyiwa 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Background: Globally, the youths constitute a major segment of most societies particularly in developing countries. This study was undertaken to assess the perception and practices related to youth friendly health services (YFHS) by in-school adolescents in a rural community of Lagos, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted on 400 proportionately selected consenting respondents from the senior classes of the three secondary schools in Agbowa community. A pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection and analysis was done with the aid of statistical software.
Results: Most of the respondents were in the age range of 12–15 years with mean age being 15.33±1.54 years. About half (46.8%) of the respondents correctly described adolescents as persons between the ages of 10 and 19 years. The majority (83.2%) of the respondents first heard about the Youth Friendly Health facilities from parents, guardians and friends. However, only few of the respondents had ever visited a Youth Friendly Center. A good location, convenient hours and comfortable surroundings were the most appealing aspects of YFHS. The provision of a seminar room and educational materials (60.8% and 70.8%, respectively) are important to the respondents. Reproductive health (56.8%) was the most preferred health education topic chosen by the respondents.
Conclusion: Sensitization of the youths in the Agbowa community about youth friendly health services and provision of such services would be useful in reducing risky practices and improving their health.
Hydrogen Production by Hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr-Ni-W-B Catalyst: Effects of Cold Plasma and Chromium Content
Authors: Şahin Ömer , Saka Cafer , Ekinci Arzu , Balbay Asım 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this study, the hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of NaBH4 with Cr0.0125-Ni-W-B catalyst prepared in the presence of cold plasma was investigated based on Cr content, NaBH4 concentration, NaOH concentration, temperature, plasma applying time and plasma gases effects. The results of the activity tests indicate that the choice of Cr and the catalyst composition greatly influenced the activity as well as the selectivity for hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of NaBH4. The Cr0.0125-Ni-W-B catalyst was treated with argon, nitrogen and carbon dioxide plasma at different treatment times. The catalysts were characterized using SEM, BET surface area measurement and XRD.
Richness, diversity and abundance of bats from a savanna landscape in central Brazil
Authors: Lima Camila S. , Varzinczak Luiz H. , Passos Fernando C. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractStudies on bat ecology and distribution in the Brazilian Cerrado are scarce. Here we describe a bat assemblage from a savanna landscape in central Brazil and explore the richness, diversity, abundance and the influence of habitat and seasonality. We conducted 48 nights of sampling in both dry and wet seasons and in three habitat types. We estimated the richness and diversity indexes. We assessed the influence of habitat and season on species abundance with a generalized linear mixed model. Overall, we captured 254 individuals of 19 species and our effort sampled 90% of the estimated richness. The Phyllostomidae family was the most frequent, with 76.3% of all captures.
Scalable and Anonymous Group Communication with MTor
Authors: Lin Dong , Sherr Micah , Loo Boon Thau 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper presents MTor, a low-latency anonymous group communication system. We construct MTor as an extension to Tor, allowing the construction of multi-source multicast trees on top of the existing Tor infrastructure. MTor does not depend on an external service to broker the group communication, and avoids central points of failure and trust. MTor’s substantial bandwidth savings and graceful scalability enable new classes of anonymous applications that are currently too bandwidth-intensive to be viable through traditional unicast Tor communication-e.g., group file transfer, collaborative editing, streaming video, and real-time audio conferencing.
We detail the design of MTor and then analyze its performance and anonymity. By simulating MTor in Shadow and TorPS using realistic models of the live Tor network’s topology and recent consensus records from the live Tor network, we show that MTor achieves a 29% savings in network bandwidth and a 73% reduction in transmission time as compared to the baseline approach for anonymous group communication among 20 group members. We also demonstrate that MTor scales gracefully with the number of group participants, and allows dynamic group composition over time. Importantly, as more Tor users switch to group communication, we show that the overall performance and utilization for group communication improves. Finally, we discuss the anonymity implications of MTor and measure its resistance to traffic correlation.
Your Choice MATor(s)
Authors: Backes Michael , Meiser Sebastian , Slowik Marcin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we present a rigorous methodology for quantifying the anonymity provided by Tor against a variety of structural attacks, i.e., adversaries that corrupt Tor nodes and thereby perform eavesdropping attacks to deanonymize Tor users. First, we provide an algorithmic approach for computing the anonymity impact of such structural attacks against Tor. The algorithm is parametric in the considered path selection algorithm and is, hence, capable of reasoning about variants of Tor and alternative path selection algorithms as well. Second, we present formalizations of various instantiations of structural attacks against Tor and show that the computed anonymity impact of each of these adversaries indeed constitutes a worst-case anonymity bound for the cryptographic realization of Tor. Third, we use our methodology to conduct a rigorous, largescale evaluation of Tor’s anonymity which establishes worst-case anonymity bounds against various structural attacks for Tor and for alternative path selection algorithms such as DistribuTor, SelekTOR, and LASTor. This yields the first rigorous anonymity comparison between different path selection algorithms. As part of our analysis, we quantify the anonymity impact of a path selection transition phase, i.e., a small number of users decides to run an alternative algorithm while the vast majority still uses the original one. The source code of our implementation is publicly available.
XPIR : Private Information Retrieval for Everyone
Authors: Aguilar-Melchor Carlos , Barrier Joris , Fousse Laurent , Killijian Marc-Olivier 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
A Private Information Retrieval (PIR) scheme is a protocol in which a user retrieves a record from a database while hiding which from the database administrators. PIR can be achieved using mutuallydistrustful replicated databases, trusted hardware, or cryptography. In this paper we focus on the later setting which is known as single-database computationally- Private Information Retrieval (cPIR). Classic cPIR protocols require that the database server executes an algorithm over all the database content at very low speeds which impairs their usage. In [1], given certain assumptions, realistic at the time, Sion and Carbunar showed that cPIR schemes were not practical and most likely would never be. To this day, this conclusion is widely accepted by researchers and practitioners. Using the paradigm shift introduced by lattice-based cryptography, we show that the conclusion of Sion and Carbunar is not valid anymore: cPIR is of practical value. This is achieved without compromising security, using standard crytosystems, and conservative parameter choices.
Recent strategies to minimise fouling in electrochemical detection systems
Authors: Hanssen Benjamin L. , Siraj Shajahan , Wong Danny K.Y. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractElectrode fouling is a phenomenon that can severely affect the analytical characteristics of a technique or a sensor, such as sensitivity, detection limit, reproducibility, and overall reliability. Electrode fouling generally involves the passivation of an electrode surface by a fouling agent that forms an increasingly impermeable layer on the electrode, inhibiting the direct contact of an analyte of interest with the electrode surface for electron transfer. Some potential fouling agents include proteins, phenols, amino acids, neurotransmitters, and other biological molecules. Various antifouling strategies have been reported to reduce or eliminate electrode fouling. Most antifouling strategies exploit a protective layer or barrier on an electrode substrate to prevent the fouling agent from reaching the electrode surface. Although such strategies can be quite effective, they are inappropriate for systems in which the analyte itself is also the fouling agent. In such cases, other strategies must be used, including electrode surface modification and electrochemical activation. In this review, recent strategies to minimise and efforts to overcome electrode fouling across a diverse range of analytes and fouling agents will be presented.
Recent approaches and challenges in iPSCs: modeling and cell-based therapy of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Csöbönyeiová Mária , Polák Štefan , Danišovič L’uboš 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThe lack of effective therapies for different neurodegenerative disorders has placed huge burdens on society. To overcome the restricted capacity of the central nervous system for regeneration, the promising alternative would be to use stem cells for more effective treatment of chronic degenerative and inflammatory neurological conditions and also of acute neuronal damage and from injuries or cerebrovascular diseases. The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells by the ectopic expression of specific transcription factors has provided the regenerative medicine field with a new tool for investigating and treating neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This technology provides an alternative to traditional approaches, such as nuclear transfer and somatic cell fusion using embryonic stem cells. However, due to a problem in standardization of certain reprogramming techniques and systems research, the induced pluripotent stem cell-based technology is still in its infancy. The present paper is aimed at a brief review of the current status in modeling and cell-based therapies for AD.
Aptamer guided delivery of nucleic acid-based nanoparticles
Authors: Panigaj Martin , Reiser Jakob 
Published: January 2016

AbstractTargeted delivery of bioactive compounds is a key part of successful therapies. In this context, nucleic acid and protein-based aptamers have been shown to bind therapeutically relevant targets including receptors. In the last decade, nucleic acid-based therapeutics coupled to aptamers have emerged as a viable strategy for cell specific delivery. Additionally, recent developments in nucleic acid nanotechnology offer an abundance of possibilities to rationally design aptamer targeted RNA or DNA nanoparticles involving combinatorial use of various intrinsic functionalities. Although a host of issues including stability, safety and intracellular trafficking remain to be addressed, aptamers as simple functional chimeras or as parts of multifunctional self-assembled RNA/DNA nanostructures hold great potential for clinical applications.
Exploring identities in police interrogations
Authors: Pang Jixian , Ye Ning 
Published: January 2016

AbstractThroughout a police interrogation, the identities of police interrogators and suspects are not fixed as simple questioners and answerers, but are dynamic with the changing communicative purposes in an interrogation process. At the opening and closing stages, the identities of interrogators are largely those of spokespeople and attentive listeners. At the information gathering stage, while the suspects are expected to ideally assume three simultaneous identities of animator, author, and principal, the identities of interrogators are more complicated when the interrogators attempt to construct an ideal interrogation pattern with an aim to show the voluntary nature of the suspect’s confession. The identities the police interrogators attempt to construct include an institutional representative, a responsible professional, a fact verifier/lie detector, and a dominant professional. The shifting identities and positionalities of police interrogators and suspects are part of a delicate dance in an interrogation process, which will determine the effectiveness of an interrogation. The identity construction process this paper describes helps create patterns of interaction. The paper argues that the police’s keen awareness of their identity construction in the interrogation will facilitate the achievement of their intended interrogative purposes.
Negotiating language status in multilingual jurisdictions: Rhetoric and reality
Authors: Leung Janny HC 
Published: January 2016

AbstractAbout a quarter of legal jurisdictions in the world operate in more than one language. Despite this, language policies governing the functioning of law in such jurisdictions, other than in the European Union, rarely receive much attention in research. Given, however, that the policy contrast between legal monolingualism and multilingualism is often a matter of strategic response to the rising or declining power of one or more particular language communities, the conferring of legal authority on some language(s) but not others calls for analysis. Advocacy and justification surrounding potential or actual change of legal language, for example, consists of competing rhetorics advanced by politicians, legal professionals, and campaign groups, and to this extent politics permeates both the promotion and presentation of legal multilingualism, despite reluctance among legal policy makers to engage directly with this aspect of the process. This article situates legal multilingualism within a wider understanding of multilingualism and language policy. It first surveys status labels assigned to languages in multilingual jurisdictions. It then compares, across jurisdictions, rhetorical strategies deployed in promoting and opposing specific proposals about language status, in both official and public discourses, and analyses contradictions and dilemmas embedded in them. The argument extends [Rhetoric as jurisprudence: An introduction to the politics of legal language. Oxford Journal of Legal Studies 4(1). 88–122] observation that legal discourse is pre-eminently a discourse of power. But if use of legal language is political, it is suggested, then the processes of negotiation which establish a language for such use are even more so.
Analysis on the Features of Acupuncture Recipes for Dysmenorrhea
Authors: Pan Si-An , Zhao Dao , Lu Xiang-Jun , Li Cheng-Wen , Liu Mai-Lan , Chang Xiao-Rong 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Objective: To analysis and extract the features of acupuncture recipes for dysmenorrhea.
Methods: By searching the major Chinese and English databases, we included the clinical literature with defined point-based recipes and analyzed the feature of those.
Results: (1) the most frequently selected points for dysmenorrhea in order were: San Yin Jiao(SP6), Guan Yuan (RN4), Zhong Ji (CV3), Qi Hai (CV6), Ci Liao (BL32), Di Ji (SP8), Shen Shu (BL23). (2) the major characteristics of point selection was combination of local points and distant points which located on Ren meridian and spleen meridian. (3) the major treatment methods were normal acupuncture, then acupuncture combined with moxibustion or auricular therapy, for the latter, were especially stressed and confirmed by many studies.
Conclusion: The acupuncture recipes for dysmenorrhea were usually made by consideration of combining local and distant points, utilizing multiple methods especially auricular therapy.