bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acute effects of walking and combined exercise on oxidative stress and vascular function in peripheral artery disease
Authors: Lima Aluísio H. R. A. , Correia Marilia A. , Soares Antônio H. G. , Farah Breno Q. , Forjaz Cláudia L. M. , Silva Alexandre S. , Brasileiro‐Santos Maria S. , Santos Amilton C. , Ritti‐Dias Raphael M. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a single session of walking and combined exercise on oxidative stress and vascular function in peripheral arterial disease patients. Thirteen patients with peripheral arterial disease underwent two experimental sessions in random order: walking (ten sets of 2‐min walking at the speed corresponding to the onset of claudication pain with 2‐min interval between sets) and combined exercise (1 × 10 reps in eight resistance exercises plus five‐two‐minute sets of walking). Before and after the exercise, vascular function (blood flow, leg vascular resistance and blood‐flow postreactive hyperaemia) and oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and plasma nitrite levels) were obtained. Blood flow increased similarly after both sessions, whilst leg vascular resistance decreased similarly after both sessions. Plasma nitrite increased only after the combined exercise. Malondialdehyde decreased after both sessions, and the decrease was greater after combined exercise. As a conclusion, a single session of combined exercise improves blood flow and leg vascular resistance similarly to walking session; however, combined exercise promoted better effects on oxidative stress.
Eliciting and structuring business indicators in data warehouse requirements engineering
Authors: Bhardwaj Hanu , Prakash Naveen 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTraditionally, data warehouse requirements engineering is oriented towards determining the information contents of the warehouse to be. This has resulted in a de‐emphasis of the functional perspective of data warehouses. Consequently, it is difficult to specify functions needed for computing business indicators. Our approach aims to elicit needed business indicators from organizational decision makers. Thereafter, indicator hierarchies are built. Then we associate functions with business indicators of the hierarchy. These functions are visualized as use case diagrams. To do this, we extend these diagrams to allow for actor aggregation in addition to actor specialization. Further, we introduce the ‘estimated from’ relationship between use cases, in addition to the ‘extend’ and ‘include’ relationships of UML. We illustrate our proposals with an example.
The Distinctiveness of Polyamory
Authors: Brunning Luke 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPolyamory is a form of consensual non‐monogamy. To render it palatable to critics, activists and theorists often accentuate its similarity to monogamy. I argue that this strategy conceals the distinctive character of polyamorous intimacy. A more discriminating account of polyamory helps me answer objections to the lifestyle whilst noting some of its unique pitfalls. I define polyamory, and explain why people pursue this lifestyle. Many think polyamory is an inferior form of intimacy; I describe four of their main objections. I explain how commitment to ‘the polyamorous possibility’ prompts one to viscerally experience personal, practical, and social constraints. Unlike monogamous dynamics, these confrontations are mediated by third parties who destabilise the familiar dynamics of coupled life. Polyamory can be emotionally challenging but, as I outline in the article, it is sustained by interpersonal emotional work that helps people feel and understand their emotions, communicate without confrontation, and contain the difficult emotions of others. This work is qualitatively and quantitatively intensified in polyamory. Finally, I rebut objections to polyamory whilst also acknowledging the ways polyamory has its own pitfalls.
Using robot animation to promote gestural skills in children with autism spectrum disorders
Authors: So W.‐C. , Wong M.K.‐Y. , Cabibihan J.‐J. , Lam C.K.‐Y. , Chan R.Y.‐Y. , Qian H.‐H. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSchool‐aged children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have delayed gestural development, in comparison with age‐matched typically developing children. In this study, an intervention program taught children with low‐functioning ASD gestural comprehension and production using video modelling (VM) by a computer‐generated robot animation. Six to 12‐year‐old children with ASD (N = 20; IQ < 70) were taught to recognize 20 gestures produced by the robot animation (phase I), to imitate these gestures (phase II) and to produce them in appropriate social contexts (phase III). Across the three phases, significant differences were found between the results of the pretest and the immediate and follow‐up posttests; the results of both posttests were comparable, after controlling for the children's motor and visual memory skills. The children generalized their acquired gestural skills to a novel setting with a human researcher. These results suggest that VM by a robot animation is effective in teaching children with low‐functioning ASD to recognize and produce gestures.Lay DescriptionWhat is already known about this topic:

Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have difficulties with nonverbal communication.
Children with ASD have difficulties in recognizing and producing gestures.
What this paper adds:

A multiphase therapeutic intervention program using video modelling (VM) of robot animation is effective to promoting the gestural communication skills, both recognition and production, in children with low‐functioning ASD.
Children with ASD have improved their skills to recognize the taught gestures (phase I), imitate them (phase II) and produce them in appropriate social contexts (phase III).
Children with ASD are able to generalize the acquired skills to human‐to‐human interactions after the intervention program.
Implications for practice and/or policy:

VM of a robot animation is effective in teaching children with low‐functioning ASD both gesture recognition and gesture production.
The multiphase therapeutic intervention protocol can be recommended for clinicians or teachers in special schools to teach children with low‐functioning ASD gestural communication skills.
Evaluation of a novel strategy of triage in the haematology ambulatory care setting
Authors: Slusar Joanna , Couban Stephen , Shivakumar Sudeep Pappur 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn 2010, wait‐times for new patients referred to see a haematologist at our outpatient tertiary care centre clinic exceeded 6 months. The provision of written recommendations for a subset of referred patients was undertaken to reduce patient wait‐times. These recommendation letters outlined possible causes of the abnormality for which the patient was being referred and suggested a course of action for follow‐up, and patients were then managed by their referring practitioner. We sought to characterize the cohort of patients for whom written recommendations were written and assess whether written recommendations were a satisfactory alternative for the referring practitioner.MethodsAll haematology patient referrals managed with written recommendations in 2010 were included in the study and were assessed one year later. Referring practitioners who received written recommendations were sent a short survey to evaluate their satisfaction with this process.ResultsA total of 444 of 2400 referrals were managed with a letter. At 1‐year follow‐up, 58 (13%, 95% CI) of the abnormalities which prompted the referral had resolved and 201 (45%, 95%CI) had remained stable. There was a single haematology‐related death during the 1‐year follow‐up and the haematological abnormality worsened in 4 (1%) patients. Of 203 (71%) referring practitioners who responded to the satisfaction survey, 90% (95% CI) indicated that they would be satisfied with written recommendations in the future.InterpretationThe provision of written recommendations appears to be a safe and satisfactory alternative to an inperson outpatient assessment in certain well‐defined subsets of stable outpatients with haematologic abnormalities.
Respect, Coercion, and Religious Reasons
Authors: Friberg‐Fernros Henrik 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIt is often assumed that people of faith should not endorse a law for religious reasons, since such an endorsement is considered to be disrespectful. Such a position is increasingly opposed by scholars who argue that such demands unjustifiably force people of faith to compromise their religious ideals. In order to defend their opposition to such demands, some scholars have invoked thought experiments as reductio arguments against the claim that endorsing laws dependent on religious reasons is necessarily disrespectful. I argue that these attempts have failed, and present an alternative thought experiment that demonstrates that such a law is not necessarily disrespectful. Because I conclude that previously proposed principles cannot defend this conclusion, I defend an alternative way of accommodating this intuition; a post‐secular deliberative approach based on the principle of double effect.
Rapid and accurate identification of Xanthomonas citri subspecies citri by fluorescence in situ hybridization
Authors: Waite D.W. , Griffin R. , Taylor R. , George S. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Citrus canker is an economically important disease caused by the bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc). This organism targets a wide range of citrus plants, including sweet orange, grapefruit, lemon and lime. As Xcc is spread by environmental factors such as wind and rain, it is difficult to control its movement once the disease has established. In order to facilitate monitoring of citrus canker we sought to design a novel diagnostic protocol based on fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) for identification of bacterial cells directly from canker pustules without cultivation or DNA extraction. This method was validated for specificity against a range of Xanthomonas species and strains. We show that our assay is extremely rapid (typically requiring between 2 and 3 h), and possesses a similar specificity to existing PCR diagnostic tools. The sensitivity of the assay is comparable to that of an existing PCR-based technique and sufficient for identifying Xcc in symptomatic plant material. The method is easily transferable to diagnosticians without prior experience using FISH.

Significance and Impact of the Study
Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is an aggressive and hardy pathogen of citrus plants worldwide. Outbreaks are difficult and costly to contain and the establishment of citrus canker results in restricted trade. In order to extend the existing toolkit for identification of Xcc we developed a novel diagnostic approach based on fluorescence in situ hybridization. Our approach is of comparable specificity and sensitivity to existing methods but can be performed directly on infected tissue making it significantly faster than existing PCRs, and requiring fewer laboratory resources.
Host Th1/Th2 immune response to Taenia solium cyst antigens in relation to cyst burden of neurocysticercosis
Authors: Tharmalingam J. , Prabhakar A. T. , Gangadaran P. , Dorny P. , Vercruysse J. , Geldhof P. , Rajshekhar V. , Alexander M. , Oommen A. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryNeurocysticercosis (NCC), Taenia solium larval infection of the brain, is an important cause of acquired seizures in endemic countries, which relate to number, location and degenerating cysts in the brain. Multicyst infections are common in endemic countries although single‐cyst infection prevails in India. Single‐cyst infections in an endemic country suggest a role for host immunity limiting the infection. This study examined ex vivo CD4+ T cells and in vitro Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses to T. solium cyst antigens of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects from endemic and nonendemic regions and of single‐ and multicyst‐infected patients for association with cyst burden of NCC. T. solium cyst antigens elicited a Th1 cytokine response in healthy subjects of T. solium‐endemic and T. solium‐non‐endemic regions and those with single‐cyst infections and a Th2 cytokine response from subjects with multicyst neurocysticercosis. Multicyst neurocysticercosis subjects also exhibited low levels of effector memory CD4+ T cells. Th1 cytokine response of T. solium exposure and low infectious loads may aid in limiting cyst number. Th2 cytokines and low effector T cells may enable multiple‐cyst infections to establish and persist.
Complete Genome Sequence of Zika Virus Isolated in Mexico, 2016
Authors: Díaz-Quiñonez José Alberto , Peña-Alonso Rocío , Mendieta-Condado Edgar , Garcés-Ayala Fabiola , González-Durán Elizabeth , Escobar-Escamilla Noé , Vázquez-Pichardo Mauricio , Torres-Rodríguez María de la Luz , Núñez-León Alma , Torres-Longoria Belem , López-Martínez Irma , Ruíz-Matus Cuitláhuac , Kuri-Morales Pablo , Ramírez-González José Ernesto 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Zika virus belongs to the genus
Flavivirus
, and its spread remains an international public health emergency. In this report, we describe the obtainment and molecular characterization of a complete viral genome through the direct metagenomic analysis from saliva from an autochthonous transmission case in Mexico.
Draft Genome Sequence of
Streptomyces
sp. F-3
Authors: Sun Xiaomeng , Meng Jing , Liu Shijia , Zhang Huaiqiang , Wang Lushan 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACT

Streptomyces
sp. F-3 is a kind of thermophilic
Streptomyces
strain that can produce cellulolytic enzymes and diverse secondary metabolites. Here, we report the complete genome of this organism, whose genome length is 5,303,958 bp, containing 6,041 protein-coding genes, 69 tRNA operons, and three rRNA operons.
Acupuncture for Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Authors: Deng Min , Wang Xu-Feng 
Published: August 2016

Objective Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a pre-dementia state; 5–10% of cases per year will evolve into dementia. MCI can be amnestic (AMCI) or non-amnestic. AMCI is associated with a higher risk of progression. In recent years, interest in acupuncture as a potential treatment for AMCI has grown. The aim of this meta-analysis was to estimate the clinical effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for AMCI. Methods Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture versus medical treatment for AMCI were identified using the following databases from inception to July 2015: PubMed; Medline; CENTRAL; Chinese Scientific Journal Database; The Chinese Acupuncture Trials Register; China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI); and Wanfang database. Data were extracted from RCTs meeting the inclusive criteria according to Cochrane methods. Meta-analyses were conducted using Rev Man V.5.3 software. Results Five trials involving 568 subjects were included. Meta-analysis showed that participants receiving acupuncture had better outcomes than those receiving nimodipine with greater clinical efficacy rates (odds ratio (OR) 1.78, 95% CI 1.19 to 2.65; p<0.01), mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores (mean difference (MD) 0.99, 95% CI 0.71 to 1.28; p<0.01), and picture recognition score (MD 2.12, 95% CI 1.48 to 2.75; p<0.01). Meta-analysis also showed acupuncture in conjunction with nimodipine significantly improved MMSE scores (MD 1.09, 95% CI 0.29 to 1.89; p<0.01) compared to nimodipine alone. Three trials reported adverse events. Methodological quality of the included studies was judged to be generally poor. Conclusions Acupuncture appears effective for AMCI when used as an alternative or adjunctive treatment; however, caution must be exercised given the low methodological quality of included trials. Further, more rigorously designed studies are needed.
Electronically delivered, multicomponent intervention to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing for respiratory infections in primary care: a cluster randomised trial using electronic health records—REDUCE Trial study original protocol
Authors: Juszczyk Dorota , Charlton Judith , McDermott Lisa , Soames Jamie , Sultana Kirin , Ashworth Mark , Fox Robin , Hay Alastair D , Little Paul , Moore Michael V , Yardley Lucy , Prevost A Toby , Gulliford Martin C 
Published: August 2016

IntroductionRespiratory tract infections (RTIs) account for about 60% of antibiotics prescribed in primary care. This study aims to test the effectiveness, in a cluster randomised controlled trial, of electronically delivered, multicomponent interventions to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescribing when patients consult for RTIs in primary care. The research will specifically evaluate the effectiveness of feeding back electronic health records (EHRs) data to general practices.Methods and analysis2-arm cluster randomised trial using the EHRs of the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). General practices in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland are being recruited and the general population of all ages represents the target population. Control trial arm practices will continue with usual care. Practices in the intervention arm will receive complex multicomponent interventions, delivered remotely to information systems, including (1) feedback of each practice's antibiotic prescribing through monthly antibiotic prescribing reports estimated from CPRD data; (2) delivery of educational and decision support tools; (3) a webinar to explain and promote effective usage of the intervention. The intervention will continue for 12 months. Outcomes will be evaluated from CPRD EHRs. The primary outcome will be the number of antibiotic prescriptions for RTIs per 1000 patient years. Secondary outcomes will be: the RTI consultation rate; the proportion of consultations for RTI with an antibiotic prescribed; subgroups of age; different categories of RTI and quartiles of intervention usage. There will be more than 80% power to detect an absolute reduction in antibiotic prescription for RTI of 12 per 1000 registered patient years. Total healthcare usage will be estimated from CPRD data and compared between trial arms.Ethics and disseminationTrial protocol was approved by the National Research Ethics Service Committee (14/LO/1730). The pragmatic design of the trial will enable subsequent translation of effective interventions at scale in order to achieve population impact.Trial registration numberISRCTN95232781; Pre-results.
Ethnographic process evaluation of a quality improvement project to improve transitions of care for older people
Authors: Sutton Elizabeth , Dixon-Woods Mary , Tarrant Carolyn 
Published: August 2016

ObjectivesQuality improvement projects to address transitions of care across care boundaries are increasingly common but meet with mixed success for reasons that are poorly understood. We aimed to characterise challenges in a project to improve transitions for older people between hospital and care homes.DesignIndependent process evaluation, using ethnographic observations and interviews, of a quality improvement project.Setting and participantsAn English hospital and two residential care homes for older people.Data32 hours of non-participant observations and 12 semistructured interviews with project members, hospital and care home staff.ResultsA hospital-based improvement team sought to reduce unplanned readmissions from residential care homes using interventions including a community-based geriatric team that could be accessed directly by care homes and a communication tool intended to facilitate transfer of information between homes and hospital. Only very modest (if any) impacts of these interventions on readmission rates could be detected. The process evaluation identified multiple challenges in implementing interventions and securing improvement. Many of these arose because of lack of consensus on the nature of the problem and the proper solutions: while the hospital team was keen to reduce readmissions and saw the problems as lying in poor communication and lack of community-based support for care homes, the care home staff had different priorities. Care home staff were unconvinced that the improvement interventions were aligned with their needs or addressed their concerns, resulting in compromised implementation.ConclusionsProcess evaluations have a valuable role in quality improvement. Our study suggests that a key task for quality improvement projects aimed at transitions of care is that of developing a shared view of the problem to be addressed. A more participatory approach could help to surface assumptions, interpretations and interests and could facilitate the coproduction of solutions. This finding is likely to have broader applicability.
Attitudes and factors affecting acceptability of self-administered cervicovaginal sampling for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping as an alternative to Pap testing among multiethnic Malaysian women
Authors: Ma'som Mahirah , Bhoo-Pathy Nirmala , Nasir Nazrila Hairizan , Bellinson Jerome , Subramaniam Shridevi , Ma Yuntong , Yap Siew-Hwei , Goh Pik-Pin , Gravitt Patti , Woo Yin Ling 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to determine the attitudes and acceptability of self-administered cervicovaginal sampling compared with conventional physician-acquired Papanicolaou (Pap) smear among multiethnic Malaysian women.MethodA cross-sectional study was carried out via interviewer-administered surveys from August 2013 through August 2015 at five government-run, urban health clinics in the state of Selangor. Subjects were participants from an ongoing community-based human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence study who answered a standard questionnaire before and after self-sampling. The cervicovaginal self-sampling for HPV genotyping was performed using a simple brush (‘Just for Me’; Preventive Oncology International, Hong Kong). Detailed data on sociodemographics, previous Pap smear experience, and attitudes towards self-administered cervicovaginal sampling were collected and analysed. Acceptability was inferred using a five-item Likert scale that included six different subjective descriptives: experience, difficulty, convenience, embarrassment, discomfort or pain, and confidence in collecting one's own sample.ResultsOf the 839 participants, 47.9% were Malays, followed by 30.8% Indians, 18.8% Chinese and 2.5% from other ethnicities. The median age of the participants was 38 years (IQR 30–48). Some 68.2% of participants indicated a preference for self-sampling over the Pap test, with 95% indicating willingness to follow-up a positive result at the hospital. Age, ethnicity and previous Pap test experience were significant independent factors associated with preference for self-sampling. The older the individual, the less likely they were to prefer self-sampling (adjusted OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.98). The Chinese were less likely to prefer self-sampling (72.6%) than the Malays (85.1%) (adjusted OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.33 to 0.98, p=0.004). Participants who had never undergone a Pap smear were also more likely to prefer self-sampling (88.5%) than women who had undergone a previous Pap (80.9%) (adjusted OR 0.06, 95% CI 0.35 to 0.87).ConclusionsOverall, urban Malaysian women from multiethnic backgrounds found self-sampling to be an acceptable alternative to Pap smear.