bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aircraft joint structure lightweight design
Authors: Zhu Liang , Qu Hongzhang , Zhang Di , Bao Fei 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to carry out a lightweight design of the joint structure according to the service condition of the joint.Design/methodology/approachThe finite element analysis techniques are used along with the variable density structure topology optimization method, the multi-island genetic algorithm for structural dimension optimization and the fatigue life analysis method.FindingsUtilizing the topology optimization method and size optimization method, the mass of the optimized model for the A100 material model is 9.67 kg. Compared to the pre-optimized model, the mass decreases by 8.23 kg, representing a weight reduction of 46.0% in the optimized model; the fatigue life of the aircraft joint is predicted to be a maximum of 1,460,017 cycles.Originality/valueThe originality of this study is that it provides new design ideas for the lightweight design of aircraft load-bearing structures.
Indigenous communities, collectives and organizations advancing decolonizing methodologies: perspectives from British Columbia Network Environment for Indigenous Health Research in Canada
Authors: Barry Julianne Cecile , Erb Tara Lise , Stelkia Krista 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThe British Columbia Network Environment for Indigenous Health Research (BC NEIHR) aims to support and advance research leadership among Indigenous communities, collectives and organizations (ICCOs) within British Columbia, Canada. The BC NEIHR provides support and funding to ICCOs for research development and knowledge sharing. This funding model supports ICCOs' self-determined health research by providing funds that are fully controlled by ICCOs, without the requirement of a non-Indigenous host organization.Design/methodology/approachWe conducted a critical analysis of 35 ICCO research development and knowledge-sharing grant applications to identify how ICCOs are decolonizing research and methodologies.FindingsSix themes were identified from ICCO decolonizing methodologies: (1) identified, driven, and led by Indigenous Peoples and community; (2) guidance from advisors, ethical guidelines, and local protocols; (3) follow traditional and cultural practices; (4) determine what is knowledge and ways to share knowledge; (5) celebrating the sharing and returning of knowledge and (6) advancing relationality: building and strengthening relationships.Originality/valueThis paper highlights the impact of how the BC NEIHR and ICCOs are advancing decolonizing methodologies to support self-determined Indigenous health research led by, and grounded in, Indigenous communities. It reflects on the work of Maori scholar Linda Tuhiwai Smith’s Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples and contributes to the literature of decolonizing methodologies.
Downregulation of CD86 in HCMV‐infected THP‐1 cells
Authors: Koshizuka Tetsuo , Sasaki Yuta , Kondo Hiroki , Koizumi Juri , Takahashi Keita 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMonocytes and macrophages are at the frontline of defense against pathogens. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) uses myeloid cells as vehicles to facilitate viral dissemination. HCMV infection in monocytes and macrophages leads to the downregulation of several cell surface markers via an undefined mechanism. Previously, we showed that HCMV pUL42 associates with the Nedd4 family ubiquitin E3 ligases through the PPXY motif on pUL42 and downregulates Nedd4 and Itch proteins in HCMV‐infected fibroblasts. Homologous proteins of HCMV pUL42, such as HHV‐6 U24, downregulate cell surface markers. To reveal the downregulation property of pUL42, we focused on CD86, the key costimulatory factor for acquired immunity. Here, we constructed CD86‐expressing THP‐1 cells using a retroviral vector and analyzed the effects of HCMV infection and pUL42 on CD86 downregulation. Disruption of the PPXY motifs of pUL42 (UL42PA) decelerated the degradation of CD86 in recombinant virus‐infected cells, indicating the involvement of Nedd4 family functions. However, no direct interactions were observed between CD86 and Itch. Interestingly, unlike fibroblast infection, the expression of Nedd4 and Itch proteins increased in HCMV‐infected THP‐1 cells, accompanied by an increase in their transcript levels. Although the function of pUL42 did not relate to the increase of Nedd4 and Itch proteins, pUL42 should affect these Nedd4 proteins to downregulate CD86.
Productivity costs of the green energy transition in Africa
Authors: Sene Ligane , Fall El Hadji 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTransitioning to renewable energy generates tangible benefits in terms of the environment and emissions of greenhouse gases. However, the economic productivity costs of switching to clean energy cannot be overlooked, in addition to the large resource requirements, potential disruption in energy systems, risks of job losses, and emergence of new inequalities. Therefore, it is crucial to identify and quantify synergies and trade‐offs. This paper investigates the productivity cost of abandoning the use of fossil fuels in African countries, using econometric techniques applied to panel data, including the fully modified ordinary least square. The paper finds that, while renewable energy supply is beneficial to increase total factor productivity, in general, a shift toward a higher share of renewables in the power mix is not without productivity cost on the economy. The analysis accounts for other sources of productivity, such as human capital and the diffusion of embodied technology imported from abroad into local markets. The data also reveal that the energy transition could have heterogeneous effects depending on the regions' and countries' characteristics and stages of transition.
Institutional (ante)narratives of anticipatory entrepreneurial resilience: COVID‐19 and the global entrepreneurship monitor
Authors: Lucas Allison , Mitra Rahul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe COVID‐19 crisis severely impacted entrepreneurs worldwide, so that policy dispatches like the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor's (GEM) September 2020 special report, Diagnosing COVID‐19 Impacts on Entrepreneurship: Exploring Policy Remedies for Recovery, were crucial for governments devising economic policies. Our paper examines how the GEM used institutional storytelling to craft anticipatory resilience, by drawing on the Communication Theory of Resilience and (ante)narrative approaches to anticipatory resilience. Findings demonstrated intersections of the GEM's role of resilience storyteller, as well as how resilience action by entrepreneurs and policymakers was narrated by the GEM. We uncover key tensions within the GEM's positioning as diagnostician and fortuneteller, between the resilient processes of normalizing and pivoting for everyday entrepreneurs, and in the institutionalizing work of policymakers through reacting and prospecting. We end by discussing key implications of our narrative approach to how institutions craft anticipatory resilience in response to global crises.
Prioritization of chemical food safety hazards in the European feed supply chain
Authors: van der Fels‐Klerx H. J. , van Asselt E. D. , van Leeuwen S. P. J. , Dorgelo F. O. , Hoek ‐ van den Hil E. F. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExtensive monitoring programs of chemical hazards in the animal feed chain are in place, both organized by public and private organizations. The objective of this review was to prioritize chemical hazards for monitoring in the European animal feed supply chain. A step‐wise approach was designed for the prioritization, based on: historical occurrence of the chemicals in animal feed ingredients and animal feeds (in relation to European guidance values or maximum limits in feed); information on transfer of the chemical to edible animal products, and; the extent of human dietary intake of the products and possible adverse human health effects of the chemical. Possible prioritization outcomes were: high (H), medium (M), or low (L) priority for monitoring, or classification not possible (NC) because of limited available data on the transfer of the chemical to edible animal tissues. The selection of chemicals included (with results in parentheses): dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (H); brominated flame retardants (H); per‐ and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (H); the heavy metals arsenic (H) and cadmium (H) as well as lead (M) and mercury (M); aflatoxins (H), ochratoxin A (NC), and other mycotoxins (L); pyrrolizidine alkaloids (H) and other plant toxins (NC); organochlorine pesticides (H) and other pesticides (L); pharmaceutically active substances (M); hormones (NC); polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (L), heat‐induced processing contaminants (NC), and mineral oils (NC). Results of this study can be used to support risk‐based monitoring by food safety authorities and feed‐producing companies in Europe.
Antibiotic‐producing plant‐associated bacteria, anti‐virulence therapy and microbiome engineering: Integrated approaches in sustainable agriculture
Authors: Roca Amalia , Monge‐Olivares Laura , Matilla Miguel A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPlant health is crucial for maintaining the well‐being of humans, animals and the environment. Plant pathogens pose significant challenges to agricultural production, global food security and ecosystem biodiversity. This problem is exacerbated by the impact of climate change, which is expected to alter the emergence and evolution of plant pathogens and their interaction with their plant hosts. Traditional approaches to managing phytopathogens involved the use of chemical pesticides, but alternative strategies are needed to address their ongoing decline in performance as well as their negative impact on the environment and public health. Here, we highlight the advancement and effectiveness of biocontrol strategies based on the use of antimicrobial‐producing plant‐associated bacteria, anti‐virulence therapy (e.g. quorum quenching) and microbiome engineering as sustainable biotechnological approaches to promote plant health and foster sustainable agriculture. Notably, Enterobacterales are emerging as important biocontrol agents and as a source of new antimicrobials for potential agricultural use. We analysed here the genomes of over 250 plant‐associated enterobacteria to examine their potential to synthesize secondary metabolites. Exploration of the plant microbiome is of major interest in the search for eco‐friendly alternatives for reducing the use of chemical pesticides.
Alterations in peripheral T‐cell and B‐cell subsets in the ankylosing spondylitis patients with gut inflammation
Authors: Luo Xiqing , Li Jinwei , Yang Mingcan , Tu Liudan , Xie Ya , Lv Qing , Wen Shenghui , Wen Xianghui , Zhou Liuzhong , Gu Jieruo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimThis study investigates changes in immune cell subsets in peripheral blood of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients with colitis or terminal ileitis. It aims to explore the connection between changes in lymphocyte subsets and gut inflammation, providing insights for early detection.MethodsOverall, 50 AS patients undergoing colonoscopy were enrolled. Flow cytometry was employed to analyze lymphocyte subsets, including T and B cells, in peripheral blood. Disease activity was assessed using CRP, ESR, BASDAI, ASDAS‐CRP, and ASDAS‐ESR.ResultsCompared to AS patients without gut inflammation, those with colorectal inflammation showed a significant increase in total T cells (p < .05), an increase in exhausted CD4+ T cells (p < .05), and a decrease in Th2 cells and total Tc cells (p < .05). Notably, in AS patients with terminal ileitis, there was an increase in total B cells and classic switched B cells (p < .05), with a decrease in double‐positive T cells (p < .05). However, no significant differences were observed in the distribution of Tfh‐cell subpopulations (Tfh1, Tfh2, Tfh17) and Tc‐cell subpopulations (Tc1, Tc2, Tc17) between AS patients with either colorectal inflammation or terminal ileitis (p > .05). We explored the relationship between disease activity scores, ESR, CRP, and lymphocyte subsets, but found no statistically significant correlation between them.ConclusionDistinct immune patterns may exist in AS with different types of intestinal inflammation. Colitis in AS is primarily characterized by a significant increase in exhausted CD4+ T cells, along with a decrease in Th2 cells. In contrast, terminal ileum inflammation in AS is marked by an increase in total B cells and classic switched B cells. These findings offer new insights for early detection and therapeutic intervention.
Biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs improve body composition in rheumatoid arthritis patients more than conventional synthetic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs: Results from the PRESENT study
Authors: Tada Masahiro , Matsumoto Yoshinari , Koike Tatsuya , Mamoto Kenji , Nakamura Tomoyuki , Anno Shohei , Iida Takahiro , Goto Hitoshi , Hidaka Noriaki 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionThe effects of biologic and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) and conventional synthetic disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) on body composition and muscle function in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients requiring treatment enhancement were compared.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective, observational study (PRESENT Study) divided RA patients non‐randomly into a csDMARD group (n = 100) and a b/tsDMARD group (n = 100). Changes in body composition and muscle function were examined in 80 patients in each group followed for 52 weeks. The percentages of new‐onset and improved sarcopenia over 1 year were investigated. Patients in the b/tsDMARD group were divided into three groups by drug type: TNF inhibitors (n = 30), non‐TNF inhibitors (n = 23), and JAK inhibitors (n = 27).ResultsBaseline median age and disease duration were 70.0 and 4.0 years, respectively. Changes in weight (24 and 52 weeks) and muscle mass (52 weeks) were significantly higher in the b/tsDMARD group (p = .035, p < .001, and p = .002, respectively). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, b/tsDMARD treatment (OR 3.21, p = .002), DAS28‐ESR (OR 0.65 p = .011), and muscle mass (OR 0.90, p = .023) were independently associated with increased muscle mass at 52 weeks. The percentages of new‐onset and improved sarcopenia were almost equal. There were no significant differences in the time‐dependent changes (52 weeks) of clinical status, body composition, muscle function, and status of sarcopenia among TNF inhibitors, non‐TNF inhibitors, and JAK inhibitors.ConclusionsWeight and muscle mass increased significantly more with b/tsDMARD than with csDMARD treatment. There were no differences in body composition changes by mode of action with b/tsDMARDs.
MicroRNA‐1307‐3p contributes to breast cancer progression through PRM2
Authors: Estupiñan‐Jiménez José Roberto , Villarreal‐García Valeria , Gonzalez‐Villasana Vianey , Vivas‐Mejia Pablo E. , Vazquez‐Guillen Jose Manuel , Zapata‐Morin Patricio Adrián , Flores‐Colón Marienid , Altamirano‐Torres Claudia , Viveros‐Valdez Ezequiel , Ivan Cristina , Rashed Mohammed H. , Bayraktar Recep , Rodríguez‐Padilla Cristina , Lopez‐Berestein Gabriel , Resendez‐Perez Diana 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundDespite advances in screening and therapy, breast cancer (BC) remains the predominant cancer in women globally. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is pivotal in carcinogenesis across various cancers, including BC. Evidence indicates that miR‐1307‐3p is upregulated in BC tumors, yet its target genes are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to explore how miR‐1307‐3p regulates BC proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis and to identify potential target genes.MethodsBasal miR‐1307‐3p levels were quantified in BC cell lines MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7, as well as MCF‐10A using quantitative real‐time reverse transcription‐PCR (RT‐qPCR). The impact of miR‐1307‐3p inhibition on BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis was assessed. Nine miRNA‐target prediction databases identified potential miR‐1307‐3p targets. Target expression was validated using RT‐qPCR, Western blot, and dual‐luciferase reporter assays. MiR‐1307‐3p was overexpressed in MDA‐MB‐231 and MCF‐7 compared to MCF‐10A.ResultsInhibiting miR‐1307‐3p significantly reduced BC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Bioinformatics analysis identified 17 potential miR‐1307‐3p targets, with protamine 2 (PRM2) overexpression confirmed via Western blot and dual‐luciferase assays.ConclusionMiR‐1307‐3p overexpression in BC promotes proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. PRM2 emerges as a novel miR‐1307‐3p target in BC.
Investing in Netflix: Accounting for Content Assets*
Authors: Henderson Darren 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis case describes an equity investment scenario in the context of the COVID‐19 pandemic. A fictional decision‐maker, Amandeep Singh, is considering whether or not to invest in Netflix, Inc. (Netflix). Netflix has benefited from changing habits during the pandemic, but Singh questions whether those benefits will persist post‐pandemic. To make his decision, Singh needs to perform a qualitative analysis of the video streaming industry and Netflix itself before moving to a quantitative analysis of Netflix's performance. To properly assess performance, Singh needs to fully understand Netflix's accounting methods and estimates for content assets—especially original content. The case is ideally suited to an MBA or Executive MBA audience. Students can easily engage with the case since they will be familiar with the company and industry. This familiarity allows for a general discussion about the industry's future and key success factors. The case provides an opportunity to cover core financial statement analysis concepts and drives home the importance of understanding accounting judgments when assessing firm performance.
Orbitofrontal cortex to dorsal striatum circuit is critical for incubation of oxycodone craving after forced abstinence
Authors: Lin Hongyu , Olaniran Adedayo , Luo Xiang , Strauch Jessica , Burke Megan A. M. , Matheson Chloe L. , Li Xuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractRelapse is a major challenge in treating opioid addiction, including oxycodone. During abstinence, oxycodone seeking progressively increases, a phenomenon termed incubation of oxycodone craving. We previously demonstrated a causal role of orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in this incubation. Here, we studied the interaction between glutamatergic projections from OFC and dopamine 1‐family receptor (D1R) signaling in dorsal striatum (DS) in this incubation in male rats. We first examined the causal role of D1R signalling in DS in incubated oxycodone seeking. Next, we combined fluorescence‐conjugated cholera toxin subunit B (CTb‐555, a retrograde tracer) with Fos (a neuronal activity marker) to assess whether the activation of OFC→DS projections was associated with incubated oxycodone seeking. We then used a pharmacological asymmetrical disconnection procedure to examine the role of the interaction between projections from OFC and D1R signalling in DS in incubated oxycodone seeking. We also tested the effect of unilateral pharmacological inactivation of OFC or unilateral D1R blockade of DS on incubated oxycodone seeking. Finally, we assessed whether contralateral disconnection of OFC→DS projections impacted non‐incubated oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 1. We found that D1R blockade in DS decreased incubated oxycodone seeking and OFC→DS projections were activated during incubated oxycodone seeking. Moreover, anatomical disconnection of OFC→DS projections, but not unilateral inactivation of OFC or unilateral D1R blockade in DS, decreased incubated oxycodone seeking. Lastly, contralateral disconnection of OFC→DS projections had no effect on oxycodone seeking on abstinence day 1. Together, these results demonstrated a causal role of OFC→DS projections in incubation of oxycodone craving.
Weather shocks affect trade policy: Evidence from preferential trade agreements
Authors: Amodio Francesco , Baccini Leonardo , Chiovelli Giorgio , Di Maio Michele 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe show that weather shocks affect government trade policy decisions. We exploit variation in rainfall during the growing season within and across countries to show that weather shocks impact agricultural output and trade. Using information on tariff cuts by commodity from preferential trade agreements signed between 1995 and 2014, we then show that weather shocks that happen during the negotiation period correlate strongly with the size of tariff cuts. When weather shocks increase (decrease) a country's capacity to produce a given crop, its government negotiates a smaller (larger) tariff cut. These results are consistent with a political economy trade model with sector‐specific inputs in which the government places more weight on producers relative to consumers in its objective function. They also reveal that governments update their beliefs about domestic agricultural production capacity in response to weather shocks.
Correlation of adenomyosis features to live birth rates after the first IVF/ICSI treatment, when using the revised Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment group definitions
Authors: Alson Sara , Henic Emir , Hansson Stefan R. , Sladkevicius Povilas 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionData regarding the impact of adenomyosis on the outcomes after in vitro fertilization (IVF) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment are conflicting. Standardized diagnostic criteria are prerequisites for studying a potential association between adenomyosis and IVF/ICSI treatment outcomes. This study aims to examine the cumulative live birth rate (CLBR) after the first IVF/ICSI treatment in women with or without direct or indirect features of adenomyosis, using the revised Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) group definitions.Material and MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study of 1037 women aged 25–≤39 years, undergoing their first IVF/ICSI treatment between January 2019 and October 2022. The presence of MUSA features of adenomyosis was assessed prior to treatment start.ResultsThe CLBR after the first IVF/ICSI treatment was 424/1037 (40.9%, 95% CI, 37.9–43.8) in the total cohort. Women with direct features of adenomyosis had lower CLBR, 25/102 (24.5%; 95% CI, 17.5–31.5) than women without, 399/935 (42.7%; 95% CI, 39.5–45.8), p < 0.001. The adjusted relative risk (aRR) for live birth for women with direct features of adenomyosis compared to women without was 0.62 (95% CI, 0.43–0.88), p = 0.007. Direct features were associated with a higher risk of miscarriage after frozen embryo transfer, aRR 2.88 (95% CI, 1.49–5.57), p = 0.002. Women with indirect features had a lower CLBR [50/188 (26.6%, 95% CI, 20.3–32.9)] than women without [399/935, (42.7%, 95% CI, 39.5–45.8)], aRR 0.58 (95% CI, 0.45–0.75), p < 0.001. For features located in the inner myometrium, the aRR for live birth was 0.29 (95% CI 0.11–0.74), p = 0.010 and for the outer myometrium 2.61 (95% CI 1.42–4.8), p = 0.002. An interrupted junctional zone was the single feature that impacted CLBR the most.ConclusionsThe presence of direct or indirect MUSA features of adenomyosis correlates to reduced live birth rates in women undergoing their first IVF/ICSI treatment. Features located in the inner myometrium, particularly an interrupted junctional zone, reduced the chance of live birth the most, whereas location in the outer myometrium was associated with higher chances of live birth. Systematic ultrasound examinations should be considered for women scheduled for IVF/ICSI treatment, for adequate counseling on the chances of successful treatment.