bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Family Caregiver Contribution to Self-care of Heart Failure
Authors: Chen Yuxia , Zou Huijing , Zhang Yanting , Fang Wenjie , Fan Xiuzhen 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Adherence to self-care behaviors improves outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). Caregivers play an important role in contributing to self-care.

Objective:
We aimed to explore the relationships among HF knowledge, perceived control, social support, and family caregiver contribution to self-care of HF, based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills Model.

Methods:
Two hundred forty-seven dyads of eligible patients with HF and family caregivers were recruited from a general hospital in China. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data obtained with the Caregiver Contribution to Self-care of Heart Failure Index, the Heart Failure Knowledge Test, the Control Attitudes Scale, and the Social Support Rating Scale.

Results:
In this model, caregiver contribution to self-care maintenance was positively affected by perceived control (β = .148, P = .015) and caregiver confidence in contribution to self-care (β = .293, P < .001). Caregiver contribution to self-care management was positively affected by HF knowledge (β = .270, P < .001), perceived control (β = .140, P = .007), social support (β = .123, P = .019), caregiver confidence in contribution to self-care (β = .328, P < .001), and caregiver contribution to self-care maintenance (β = .148, P = .006). Caregiver confidence in contribution to self-care was positively affected by HF knowledge (β = .334, P < .001).

Conclusions:
Heart failure knowledge, perceived control, and social support facilitated family caregiver contribution to self-care of HF. Targeted interventions that consider these variables may effectively improve family caregiver contributions to self-care.
Metastasis to the Lung From Carcinomas of Nonpulmonary Sites After Prolonged Disease-free Intervals
Authors: Mukhopadhyay Sanjay , Patil Pradnya D. , Roma Andres A. 
Published: March 2017

Background:
Most carcinomas of nonpulmonary sites that metastasize to the lung do so within 5 years of diagnosis. Although examples of late metastasis to the lung after prolonged disease-free intervals (>5 y) have been reported sporadically, this phenomenon has not been systematically analyzed. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical and pathologic features of metastases to the lung from carcinomas of nonpulmonary origin after prolonged disease-free intervals.

Methods:
We searched our pathology archives to identify lung biopsies/resections containing metastases from carcinomas of nonpulmonary origin. Medical records were reviewed to determine the interval between resection of the nonpulmonary primary and subsequent detection of lung metastasis. Cases were included if the disease-free interval between initial diagnosis and lung metastasis exceeded 5 years and the site of origin could be verified by pathologic examination.

Results:
Of 195 consecutive lung metastases from carcinomas of nonpulmonary sites, the recurrence-free interval before lung metastasis was >5 years in 20 (10.3%). Primary sites (number of cases, recurrence-free interval) included kidney (5, 6 to 33 y), endometrium (5, 8 to 10 y), colon (3, 6 to 13 y), breast (2, 8 y, 12 y), esophagus (1, 8 y), thyroid (1, 10 y), epiglottis (1, 12 y), prostate (1, 12 y), and ovary (1, 15 y). At diagnosis of lung metastasis, lung nodules/masses were multiple in 12 and solitary in 8.

Conclusions:
Carcinomas of nonpulmonary sites can metastasize to the lung after prolonged disease-free intervals and present as a solitary lung mass. The most common culprits are carcinomas of the kidney and endometrium.
Patterns of testosterone prescription overuse
Authors: Jasuja Guneet K. , Bhasin Shalender , Rose Adam J. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review
There has been an increase in the prescribing of testosterone therapy in the past decade. There is concern that at least part of this increase is driven by advertising rather than sound medical practice. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent trends in testosterone prescribing, and to examine whether testosterone is being appropriately prescribed as per guidelines.

Recent findings
Both global and U.S. data reflect an overall increase in the use of testosterone in the last decade, although there are early signs of a decline in testosterone sales since 2014. This increased prescribing has been accompanied with an overall increase in testing for testosterone levels, prescription of testosterone without the appropriate diagnostic evaluation recommended by clinical practice guidelines, and apparent use of this therapy for unproven medical conditions.

Summary
Research to date suggests that there is room to improve our prescribing of testosterone. Greater understanding of the potential provider-level and system-level factors that contribute to the current prescribing practices may help accomplish such improvement.
Specific Etiologies Associated With the Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome in Children: Part 1
Authors: Upperman Jeffrey S. , Lacroix Jacques , Curley Martha A. Q. , Checchia Paul A. , Lee Daniel W. , Cooke Kenneth R. , Tamburro Robert F. 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
To describe a number of the conditions associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome presented as part of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development multiple organ dysfunction syndrome workshop (March 26–27, 2015).

Data Sources:
Literature review, research data, and expert opinion.

Study Selection:
Not applicable.

Data Extraction:
Moderated by an expert from the field, issues relevant to the association of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with a variety of conditions were presented, discussed, and debated with a focus on identifying knowledge gaps and research priorities.

Data Synthesis:
Summary of presentations and discussion supported and supplemented by the relevant literature.

Conclusions:
There is a wide range of medical conditions associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in children. Traditionally, sepsis and trauma are the two conditions most commonly associated with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome both in children and adults. However, there are a number of other pathophysiologic processes that may result in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. In this article, we discuss conditions such as cancer, congenital heart disease, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, the relationship between multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and clinical therapies such as hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cardiopulmonary bypass is also considered. The purpose of this article is to describe the association of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome with a variety of conditions in an attempt to identify similarities, differences, and opportunities for therapeutic intervention.
Monitoring Severity of Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome: New Technologies
Authors: Typpo Katri V. , Wong Hector R. , Finley Stacey D. , Daniels Rodney C. , Seely Andrew J. E. , Lacroix Jacques 
Published: March 2017

Objective:
To describe new technologies (biomarkers and tests) used to assess and monitor the severity and progression of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in children as discussed as part of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development MODS Workshop (March 26–27, 2015).

Data Sources:
Literature review, research data, and expert opinion.

Study Selection:
Not applicable.

Data Extraction:
Moderated by an experienced expert from the field, investigators developing and assessing new technologies to improve the care and understanding of critical illness presented their research and the relevant literature.

Data Synthesis:
Summary of presentations and discussion supported and supplemented by relevant literature.

Conclusions:
There are many innovative tools and techniques with the potential application for the assessment and monitoring of severity of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. If the reliability and added value of these candidate technologies can be established, they hold promise to enhance the understanding, monitoring, and perhaps, treatment of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in children.
Outcomes in Pelvic Organ Prolapse Surgery in Women Using Chronic Antithrombotic Therapy
Authors: High Rachel , Kavanagh Alex , Khavari Rose , Stewart Julie , Antosh Danielle D. 
Published: March 2017

Introduction
Chronic antithrombotic therapy is common among patients requiring surgery for pelvic organ prolapse because of age and comorbidities. The impact of chronic anticoagulation on postoperative complications in pelvic organ prolapse surgery has not been investigated. This study aims to determine if patients on chronic antithrombotic therapy are at increased risk for postoperative complications.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study included women having prolapse surgery from 2012 to 2015, identified by Current Procedural Terminology codes, excluding patients undergoing concomitant major nonurogynecologic procedures. Baseline characteristics were compared and all procedures performed, operative duration, estimated blood loss, and length of hospitalization. Complications (blood transfusion, intensive care unit admission, reoperation, readmission, hematoma, thromboembolic event, and infection) were compared in women on chronic antithrombotic therapy and controls. Logistic regression determined odds ratio (OR) for complications in patients on chronic antithrombotics. Complications were graded by the Clavien-Dindo classification.

Results
A total of 388 charts were reviewed, and 386 patients met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one of the 386 patients were on chronic antithrombotic therapy. Chronic antithrombotic therapy increased overall complications (OR, 6.8; P < 0.0005), blood transfusion (OR, 165; P < 0.001), intensive care unit admission (OR, 19.10; P < 0.004), hospital readmission (OR, 20.7; P < 0.0005), vaginal hematoma (OR, 554.1; P < 0.001), infection (OR, 22.44; P < 0.004), and complications that required specific additional follow-up (OR, 9.42; P < 0.0005). There were no thromboembolic events. Antithrombotic therapy did not significantly increase reoperation rates (OR, 3.8; P = 0.275). Findings were maintained when adjusting for covariates of age and body mass index.

Conclusions
Postoperative surgical complications after prolapse repair procedures are increased in patients who use chronic antithrombotic medication, the majority of cases are successfully managed conservatively.
Autoimmune encephalitis with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 or anti-contactin-associated protein-like 2 antibodies (formerly called voltage-gated potassium channel-complex antibodies)
Authors: Bastiaansen Anna E.M. , van Sonderen Agnes , Titulaer Maarten J. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review
Twenty years since the discovery of voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC)-related autoimmunity; it is currently known that the antibodies are not directed at the VGKC itself but to two closely associated proteins, anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1) and contactin-associated protein-like 2 (Caspr2). Antibodies to LGI1 and Caspr2 give well-described clinical phenotypes. Anti-LGI1 encephalitis patients mostly have limbic symptoms, and anti-Caspr2 patients have variable syndromes with both central and peripheral symptoms. A large group of patients with heterogeneous symptoms are VGKC positive but do not have antibodies against LGI1 or Caspr2. The clinical relevance of VGKC positivity in these ‘double-negative’ patients is questionable. This review focusses on these three essentially different subgroups.

Recent findings
The clinical phenotypes of anti-LGI1 encephalitis and anti-Caspr2 encephalitis have been described in more detail including data on treatment and long-term follow-up. A specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association was found in nontumor anti-LGI1 encephalitis, but not clearly in those with tumors. There has been increasing interest in the VGKC patients without LGI1/Caspr2 antibodies questioning its relevance in clinical practice.

Summary
Anti-LGI1 encephalitis and anti-Caspr2 encephalitis are separate clinical entities. Early recognition and treatment is necessary and rewarding. The term VGKC-complex antibodies, lumping patients with anti-LGI1, anti-Caspr2 antibodies or lacking both, should be considered obsolete.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies: How clinically useful are they?
Authors: Reindl Markus , Jarius Sven , Rostasy Kevin , Berger Thomas 
Published: March 2017

Purpose of review
Serum IgG autoantibodies against the myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are present in atypical demyelinating disorders such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) or acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Whereas the role of aquaporin-4 antibodies as diagnostic markers for NMOSD is meanwhile well established, the role of MOG antibodies is less clear.

Recent findings
Initial studies suggested that MOG antibodies are associated with a more benign disease course than aquaporin-4antibodies. However, recent findings challenged this view. Data from the two largest cohorts of adult MOG antibody-positive patients with the longest clinical follow-up published so far indicate that the majority of patients develop a recurrent disease course with optic neuritis as the most frequent symptom, particularly in women. Frequent attacks are often associated with accumulating damage and functional impairment. The clinical spectrum of acquired demyelinating syndromes associated with MOG antibodies seems to be broader as anticipated in prior studies, with only a third of patients fulfilling the current diagnostic criteria for NMOSD.

Summary
MOG antibodies are associated with an increasing spectrum of age and sex-dependent clinical phenotypes, only partly overlapping with NMOSD and multiple sclerosis and with a high risk of a recurrent disease course.
The human brain views selfish behaviour towards genetic vs. non-genetic sibling differently
Authors: Bacha-Trams Mareike , Glerean Enrico , Lahnakoski Juha , Ryyppö Elisa , Sams Mikko , Jääskeläinen Iiro P. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPrevious behavioural studies have shown that humans act more altruistically towards kin. Whether and how such kinship preference translates into differential neurocognitive evaluation of social interactions has remained an open question. Here, we investigated how the human brain is engaged when viewing a moral dilemma between genetic vs. non-genetic sisters. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, a movie depicting refusal of organ donation between two sisters was shown, with participants guided to believe the sisters were related either genetically or by adoption. The participants selfreported that genetic relationship was not relevant to them, yet their brain activity told a different story. When the participants believed that the sisters were genetically related, inter-subject similarity of brain activity was significantly stronger in areas supporting response-conflict resolution, emotion regulation, and self-referential social cognition. Our results show that mere knowledge of a genetic relationship between interacting persons can robustly modulate social cognition of the perceiver.
Cohesion: A method for quantifying the connectivity of microbial communities
Authors: Herren Cristina M. , McMahon Katherine D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe ability to predict microbial community dynamics lags behind the quantity of data available in these systems. Most predictive models use only environmental parameters, although a long history of ecological literature suggests that community complexity should also be an informative parameter. Thus, we hypothesize that incorporating information about a community’s complexity might improve predictive power in microbial models. Here, we present a new metric, called community “cohesion,” that quantifies the degree of connectivity of a microbial community. We validate our approach using long-term (10+ year) phytoplankton datasets, where absolute abundance counts are available. As a case study of our metrics’ utility, we show that community cohesion is a strong predictor of Bray-Curtis dissimilarity (R2= 0.47) between phytoplankton communities in Lake Mendota, WI, USA. Our cohesion metrics outperform a model built using all available environmental data collected during a long-term sampling program. The result that cohesion corresponds strongly to Bray-Curtis dissimilarity is consistent across the five lakes analyzed here. Our cohesion metrics can be used as a predictor for many community-level properties, such as phylogenetic diversity, nutrient fluxes, or ecosystem services. We explain here the calculation of our cohesion metrics and their potential uses in microbial ecology.Conflict of InterestThe authors declare no conflict of interest.
Good tutors are not Dear Enemies in Song Sparrows
Authors: Akçay Çağlar , Campbell S. Elizabeth , Beecher Michael D. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBird song is the most widely studied example of vocal learning outside human language and shares important parallels with it, including the importance of social factors during development. Our understanding of how social factors affect song learning however remains surprisingly incomplete. Here we examine the possible role of aggressive interactions in determining song “tutor” choice in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia), a songbird in which individuals display song learning strategies ranging from learning primarily from one tutor, to learning a few songs each from a number of tutors. We test two hypotheses: The Competition hypothesis suggests that young birds learn more from tutors with whom they compete especially intensely and predicts that tutees will respond with high aggression to tutor songs. In contrast the Cooperation hypothesis suggests that song learning reflects a cooperative relationship between the tutor and the tutee and predicts that tutees will respond with low aggression to tutor songs. In a playback experiment we found that birds respond more aggressively to songs of their tutors than they do to songs of strangers and that the strength of aggressive response correlated positively with how much they had learned from that tutor. These results provide the first field evidence for the hypothesis that young males preferentially learn their songs from adult males with whom they compete most intensely during the song-learning phase, and perhaps afterwards.
Management control systems
Authors: Su Sophia , Baird Kevin , Schoch Herb 
Published: March 2017

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the association between the interactive and diagnostic approaches to using controls and Miller and Friesen’s (1984) organizational life cycle (OLC) stages (birth, growth, maturity, revival).Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a random sample of 343 general managers in Australian manufacturing organizations.FindingsThe results indicate that both approaches are used to a greater extent in the growth and revival stages than the birth and maturity stages, whereas the interactive and diagnostic approaches are used to a similar extent in each of the four OLC stages.Research limitations/implicationsThis study contributes to the management control system literature by examining the use of the interactive and diagnostic approaches from an OLC perspective. The findings highlight that the complementary nature of the interactive and diagnostic approaches applies in each OLC stages, and suggest that similar attention should be placed on the use of both the interactive and diagnostic approaches in each OLC stage.Practical implicationsThe study provides managers with an insight into the prevalence of the use of interactive and diagnostic approaches across the birth, growth, maturity and revival stages.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the management control system literature by adopting the configuration approach to examine how multiple contingent variables simultaneously affect the approach to using controls. Specifically, this study examines how organizations adjust their emphasis on Simons’ (1995) interactive and diagnostic approaches to using controls as they move across different development stages. These development stages were labelled as OLC stages and are determined based on the simultaneous consideration of multiple contingent factors.
Workarounds in an SAP environment: impacts on accounting information quality
Authors: Drum Dawna , Pernsteiner Aimee , Revak Adam 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
While research has been conducted on the causes of workarounds, less is known about their impact on business processes and system outcomes. This study aims to investigate the impact on accounting information quality from workarounds implemented by personnel at a large global organization.

Design/methodology/approach
Interviews and qualitative analysis methods were used at one large multinational organization in the midst of a multi-year SAP implementation. A subset of employees in the desired categories (systems designers and advisors) was gained through snowball sampling.

Findings
Workarounds have significant impacts on the quality of both financial and managerial accounting information quality. System users are often unable to fully comprehend their place in the task chain, and thus are unaware of the implications of their actions on information quality.

Research limitations/implications
Control issues are an inherent part of workaround outcomes, as is the notion of system success. The current research suggests a need for much more work in these areas, including additional exploration of the outcomes of workarounds.

Practical implications
The examples demonstrated very clearly that deviations from standard procedures have very real consequences. In particular, the completeness, neutrality and accuracy were impacted, making it difficult for the organization to achieve relevance and faithful representation in their financial information. Additional insights are provided concerning the importance of knowledge sharing and the degree to which an organization may achieve a more integrated information system.

Originality/value
This paper complements existing research on workarounds through analysis of impacts on accounting information quality. An important contribution of the current study is to continue the move away from focusing solely on the causes of workarounds, and instead investigate the outcomes.
Does auditor industry expertise affect bank loan costs?
Authors: Zhang Yinghong , Sun Fang , Xian Chunwei 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to examine whether firms retaining industry-specialist auditors receive better price and non-price terms for bank loans.

Design/methodology/approach
Based on a sample of companies retaining big N auditors during the 2000-2010 period, this paper constructed six proxies for auditor industry expertise and tested three major loan terms: loan spreads, number of general and financial covenants and requirements for collateral.

Findings
It was found that companies retaining industry-specialist auditors receive lower interest rates and fewer covenants. Banks are also less likely to demand secured collateral. These findings are supported by several sensitivity tests.

Research limitations/implications
The findings suggest that auditor industry expertise provides incremental value to creditors and that bank loan cost is one economic benefit for companies hiring specialist auditors.

Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the impact of auditor industry expertise on the cost of private debts.