bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of conjunctival microvilli abnormality by micro‐Raman analysis – by G. Rusciano et al
Authors: Rusciano Giulia , Zito Gianluigi , Pesce Giuseppe , Del Prete Salvatore , Cennamo Gilda , Sasso Antonio 
Published: February 2016

Conjunctival microvilli are microscopic cellular membrane protrusions on apical epithelial cells, which increase the surface area available for tear adherence. Pathological alterations of microvilli structure affect the tear film stability and, conversely, dysfunctions of tear film composition can lead to a suffering epithelium (dry‐eye syndrome). In this work we propose the use of micro‐Raman analysis to reveal conjunctival microvilli abnormalities. Samples were obtained by impression cytology from patients by different stage of dry‐eye syndrome. Our experimental outcomes demonstrate that Raman analysis, combined with the use of Principal Component Analysis, is able to detect different stages of microvilli reduction. Globally, these results hold promise for the use of Raman analysis for an objective, effective, non‐invasive and potentially also in‐vivo analysis of the conjunctiva in all the cases of microvilli‐related ocular pathologies.
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Eating‐related distress and need for nutritional support of families of advanced cancer patients: a nationwide survey of bereaved family members
Authors: Amano Koji , Maeda Isseki , Morita Tatsuya , Okajima Yoshiro , Hama Takashi , Aoyama Maho , Kizawa Yoshiyuki , Tsuneto Satoru , Shima Yasuo , Miyashita Mitsunori 
Published: February 2016

AbstractBackgroundA number of advanced cancer patients are suffering from physical and psychosocial burdens because of cancer cachexia, and these burdens also greatly impact on their family members and relationships between patients and family members. It is necessary to consider the psychosocial impact of cancer cachexia on family members of advanced cancer patients.MethodsA cross‐sectional anonymous nationwide survey was conducted involving 925 bereaved family members of cancer patients who had been admitted to 133 inpatient hospices throughout Japan.ResultsA total of 702 bereaved family members returned the questionnaires (response rate, 75.9%). Concerning eating‐related distress, ‘I served what the patient wanted without consideration of calories and nutritional composition’ was highest (75.1%), and ‘I tried making many kinds of meals for the patient’ and ‘I was concerned about planning meals for the patient every day’ followed (63.0% and 59.4%, respectively). The top 5 of the 19 items were categorized as ‘fighting back’. Need for nutritional support was high (72.2%), and need for explanations about the reasons for anorexia and weight loss of patients was moderate (41.4%). Explanatory factor analysis of eating‐related distress identified the following four domains: (factor 1) feeling that family members forced the patient to eat to avoid death, (factor 2) feeling that family members made great efforts to help the patient eat, (factor 3) feeling that eating was a cause of conflicts between the patient and family members, and (factor 4) feeling that correct information was insufficient. Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that spouse, fair/poor mental status, factors 1, and 4 were identified as independent determinants of major depression {odds ratio [OR] 3.27 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.24–8.60], P = 0.02; OR 4.50 [95% CI 2.46–8.25], P < 0.001; OR 2.51 [95% CI 1.16–5.45], P = 0.02; OR 2.33 [95% CI 1.13–4.80], P = 0.02, respectively}.ConclusionsA number of family members of advanced cancer patients experienced high levels of eating‐related distress and had a need for nutritional support.
Diffusion‐weighted multiparametric MRI for monitoring longitudinal changes of parameters in rabbit VX2 liver tumors
Authors: Wu Haijun , Liu Hui , Liang Changhong , Zhang Shuixing , Liu Zaiyi , Liu Chunling , Liu Yubao , Hu Maoqing , Li Chuanzi , Mei Yingjie 
Published: February 2016

PurposeTo investigate the value of different quantitative models of diffusion‐weighted multiparametric imaging (DW‐MPI) including traditional as well as several advanced models for monitoring the longitudinal parameter changes in rabbit liver VX2 carcinoma and for correlating the perfusion‐related imaging parameters to vascularity of tumor tissue.Materials and MethodsRabbit liver VX2 carcinoma was imaged by DW‐MPI at the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th weeks after tumor implantation at 1.5T using two sets of b values ranging from 0 to 2000 s/mm2. Serial parameter changes of each model at three timepoints were compared. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were carried out to analyze the ability of perfusion‐related parameters, including apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), perfusion fraction (f), and pseudodiffusion coefficient (D*), to predict mean microvessel density (MVD) as determined by quantitative histopathology.ResultsFor the period from Week 2 to Week 4, the measurements of ADC, f, and KDKI illustrated a statistical difference (P = 0.000, P = 0.000, and P = 0.002, respectively), whereas the comparison of D, D*, DDKI, DSEM, and αSEM demonstrated no statistical significance. ADC and f showed highest correlation with MVD at Week 4 (r2 = 0.307, P = 0.017, and r2 = 0.402, P < 0.01, respectively). Multivariate analyses confirmed highest correlation of f and ADC with MVD at Week 4 (P = 0.001 and P = 0.002).ConclusionADC, f, and KDKI were identified as the most promising parameters for monitoring changes in rabbit liver VX2 carcinoma and f and ADC showed highest correlation with MVD. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2016;44:707–714.
Dynamic Creative Interaction Networks and Team Creativity Evolution: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Jiang Hui , Zhang Qing‐Pu , Zhou Yang 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTo assess the dynamical effects of creative interaction networks on team creativity evolution, this paper elaborates a theoretical framework that links the key elements of creative interaction networks, including node, edge and network structure, to creativity in teams. The process of team creativity evolution is divided into four phases, including formation, growth, maturity and decline/restart. The importance of domain‐relevant knowledge, creativity‐relevant skill, interaction frequency, interaction length, network density and closeness centrality are emphasized in specific phases of team creativity evolution in a complex creative context. To test our assumptions, a longitudinal study of creative teams in a “Challenge Cup” Creative Business Plan Competition for university students is performed and the full networks of 17 creative entrepreneur teams are mapped. Both static comparison and dynamic analysis are conducted to analyze the relationship between creative interaction networks and team creativity evolution. For specific phases of team creativity evolution, we find confirmation of our predictions. The implications of dynamic creative interaction networks for all the phases of creative teams from formation to decline/restart are discussed.
Simulatingin situammonia volatilization losses in the North China Plain using a dynamic soil‐crop model
Authors: Michalczyk Anna , Kersebaum Kurt Christian , Heimann Lisa , Roelcke Marco , Sun Qin‐Ping , Chen Xin‐Ping , Zhang Fu‐Suo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractAmmonia (NH3) volatilization is an important N loss pathway in intensive agriculture of the North China Plain (NCP). Simulation models can help to assess complex N and water processes of agricultural soil–crop systems. Four variations (Var) of a sub‐module for the deterministic, process‐based HERMES model were implemented ranging from simple empirical functions (Var 3 and 4) to process‐oriented approaches (Var 1 and 2) including the main processes of NH3volatilization, urea hydrolysis, nitrification from ammonium‐based N fertilizer, and changes in soil solution pH. Ammonia volatilization, plant growth, and changes in ammonium and nitrate pools in the soil over several winter wheat–summer maize double‐crop rotations at three locations in the NCP were simulated. Results were calibrated with two data sets (Dongbeiwang 1, Shunyi) and validated using two data sets (Dongbeiwang 2, Quzhou). They showed that the ammonia volatilization sub‐module of the HERMES model worked well under the climatic and soil conditions of N China. Although the simpler equations, Var 3 and 4, showed lower deviations to observed volatilization across all sites and treatments with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.8 and 1.4 in % of applied N, respectively, compared to process‐oriented approaches, Var 1 and 2, with aMAEof 2.2 and 1.9 in % of applied N, respectively. Environmental conditions were reflected better by the process‐oriented approaches. Generally, simulation results were satisfying but simulated changes in topsoil pH need further verification with measurements.
Electrochemically Generated Thin Films of Microporous Polymer Networks: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications
Authors: Palma‐Cando Alex , Scherf Ullrich 
Published: February 2016

Electrochemical oxidative polymerization of rigid, multifunctional monomers allows for the synthesis of microporous thin films with high surface areas. Multifunctional, carbazole‐ and thiophene‐based rigid monomers have been utilized as rigid 3D building blocks (tectons) toward microporous polymer films with relatively smooth surface morphology. Within the last four years, several studies following this approach have been published that report interesting results on the application of these electrogenerated films in organic electronics, photoluminescence‐based or electrochemical chemodetectors, electrochemical supercapacitors, and light‐harvesting antennae for exciton pumping. In this work, the synthetic approaches for the electrochemical polymerization of multifunctional carbazole‐ and thiophene‐based tectons as well as resulting properties and application possibilities of the electrogenerated microporous polymer films are reviewed.
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Macroporous Polytetrafluoroethylene Film with a Reusable Matrix and Its Application as the Microreactors
Authors: Wang Yunlong , Zhao Chi , Wang Mozhen , Wu Qichao , Zhou Xiao , Ge Xuewu 
Published: February 2016

This work reports a simple and efficient preparation method of an inverse‐opal‐like macroporous polytetrafluoroethylene (IO‐PTFE) film with a reusable matrix. At first, the pH‐responsive poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) is grafted on the PTFE latex particles induced by γ‐ray radiation. The stability of PAA grafted PTFE latex particles (PTFE‐g‐PAA) in water decreases in acid aqueous solution. As a result, PTFE‐g‐PAA particles can coprecipitate with monodispersed polystyrene (PS) microspheres from the acidic aqueous dispersion to form a composite particulate film. After the composite particulate film is etched with toluene to remove PS microspheres, a self‐stand inverse‐opal‐like macroporous PTFE film can be successfully obtained. The macroporous PTFE film can be applied as the microreactor to synthesize uniform TiO2 particles. The separation of TiO2 microparticles and the recycle of PTFE‐g‐PAA particles can be simultaneously achieved simply in water by means of ultrasonification. The prepared TiO2 microparticles also show good photocatalytic performance. This work opens a new thought to prepare special macroporous polymeric materials, and expands the microsynthesis of inorganic or organic microparticles by taking advantage of polymeric macroporous materials.
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Structural and Functional Diversities of the Hexadecahydro‐1H‐cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene Framework, a Ubiquitous Scaffold in Steroidal Hormones
Authors: Choudhury Chinmayee , Deva Priyakumar U. , Narahari Sastry G. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractHexadecahydro‐1H‐cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene framework (HHCPF) has been considered as one of the privileged scaffolds due to its versatile presence in many biologically essential molecules. In our quest to unravel the privileged nature of this framework, we undertook a systematic analysis of target binding and Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination, Toxicity (ADMET)/physicochemical properties of 110 drugs containing HHCPF reported in DrugBank. Effect of number and positions of double bonds in the framework and substitutions at each carbon position on the target selectivity as well as drug like properties of these drugs were studied. Fifteen different scaffolds based on the numbers and positions of double bonds in the HHCPF were identified among these drugs. The optimum number of double bonds present in the HHCPF scaffolds was observed to be one to three, and one particular positional isomer is predominant among many scaffolds with same numbers of double bonds. Docking studies reveal the role of substituents at different positions to make specific interactions with their respective targets. Based on the docking interactions, we proposed structure based e‐Pharmacophore models for seven important targets of HHCPF drugs. Good correlations were observed between the substitutions carbon positions 3 and 17 of the scaffolds and ADMET properties of the HHCPF drugs. This work enables preliminary prediction of the target selectivity and ADMET properties of a new HHCPF molecule based on the scaffold, substituents and the pharmacophoric features.
Star‐shaped amphiphilic block polyurethane with pentaerythritol core for a hydrophobic drug delivery carrier
Authors: Wang Shihai , Zhou Yu , Zhuang Bo , Zheng Peng , Chen Hongxiang , Zhang Tongcun , Hu Haiman , Huang Dengcheng 
Published: February 2016

AbstractTo obtain polyurethane micelles with excellent stability as a drug delivery carrier, star‐shaped amphiphilic block polyurethane (SAPU) was successfully synthesized by the ‘arm‐first’ method, using methoxypoly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ε‐caprolactone) diol as soft segments, hexamethylene diisocyanate as hard segments and pentaerythritol as the core. The structure of the SAPU was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. The micellization behaviour and micelle properties of SAPU were measured by the pyrene fluorescence probe technique, 1H NMR, SEM and dynamic light scattering. The results indicated that SAPU could self‐assemble to form nanomicelles in aqueous solution and that the micelles showed excellent stability upon dilution and storage. Indometacin as a model drug could be incorporated into SAPU micelles and be released sustainedly. Meanwhile, the hydrophilic segment content and the molecular weight of SAPU had effects on the micelle properties. In addition, SAPU exhibited good cytocompatibility estimated by methylthiazole‐tetrazolium assay. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Solubility of N‐Guanylurea Dinitramide in Binary Solvent Mixtures
Authors: Manh Tung Nguyen , Kim Kwang‐Joo 
Published: February 2016

AbstractThe solubility of N‐guanylurea dinitramide (GUDN, Fox‐12) in binary solvent mixtures was measured. Binary solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/water and N,N‐dimethylacetamide (DMA)/water were investigated. The temperature was in the range of 0 °C to 70 °C for DMA‐water and 20 °C to 70 °C for DMSO‐water. The temperature dependence on the solubility was higher in DMA‐water than in DMSO‐water at the same fraction of water. On the other hand, the modeling data was obtained by using the Apelblat equation. The average relative errors are less than 3 %. Supersaturation for crystallization of GUDN in solution can be easily generated by adding water in DMSO (or DMA).
Two perishable inventory systems with one-way substitution
Authors: Liu Liqiang , Adan Ivo , Perry David 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMotivated by the ABO issue of the blood bank system, in which the portions stored have constant shelf life, we consider two subsystems of perishable inventory. The two Perishable Inventory Subsystems-PIS A and PIS B, are correlated to each other through a one-way substitution of demands. Specifically, the input streams and the demand streams applied to each subsystem are four Poisson processes, which are independent of one another. However, if the shelf of PIS A (blood of type O) is empty of items, an arriving demand of type A is unsatisfied, since demand of type A cannot be satisfied by an item of type B (blood portions of type AB), but if the shelf of PIS B is empty of items, an arriving demand of type B is applied to PIS A, since demands of type B can be satisfied by both types. This one-way substitution of the issuing policy generates for PIS A a modulated Poisson demand process operating in a two-state non-Markovian environment. The performance analysis of PIS B is known from previous work. Thus, in this study we focus on the marginal performance analysis of PIS A. Based on a fluid formulation and a Markovian approximation for the one-way substitution demand process, we develop a unified approach to efficiently and accurately approximate the performance of the PIS A. The effectiveness of the approach is investigated by extensive numerical experiments.
A New Find of Lamproite Dyke near Chintalapalle Area, NW Margin of the Cuddapah Basin, Eastern Dharwar Craton, Southern India
Authors: Kumar Alok , Pankaj Praveer , Rao K. Koteswara 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
A singular outcrop of a lamproite dyke is located ~1.5 km south-west of Chintalapalle village at the NW margin of the Cuddapah basin, eastern Dharwar craton, southern India.. The dyke trends E-W and is emplaced within the granitic rocks belonging to the peninsular gneissic complex. The lamproite dyke has a porphyritic to weakly porphyritic texture comprising microphenocrysts of sanidine, and potassic richterite set in a groundmass rich in carbonate, and chlorite with rutile and titanate as accessory phases. This new occurrence of lamproite is located mid-way between the well-known Narayanpet kimberlite field towards the west and the Ramadugu and Vattikod lamproite fields in east. The Chintalapalle lamproite dyke, together with those from Vattikod, Ramadugu, Krishna and Cuddapah basin lamproite fields, constitute a wide spectrum of ultrapotassic magmatism emplaced in and around the Palaeo-Mesoproterozoic Cuddapah basin in southern India.
Soft Sediment Deformation Structures from Khari River Section of Rudramata Member, Jhuran Formation, Kutch: A Testimony of Jurassic Seismites
Authors: Kale M. G. , Pundalik Ashwin S. , Duraiswami R. A. , Karmalkar N. R. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Soft sediment deformation structures such as slump folds, clastic dyke, syn-sedimentary faults and convolute bedding are present in the coarse – fine grained yellowish buff coloured sandstone, and interbedded reddish brown fine grained sandstone and yellowish – white siltstone at the Khari River section belonging to Rudramata member of Jhuran Formation (Upper Jurassic), Kutch. These soft sediment deformation structures are confined to lower and middle parts of the section and are invariably underlain as well as overlain by undeformed beds that have restricted lateral and vertical extent and occur in close proximity of Kutch Mainland Fault, thereby suggesting that these structures were formed by seismic activity and therefore represents seismites.
Energy spectra in turbulent bubbly flows
Authors: Prakash Vivek N. , Martínez Mercado J. , van Wijngaarden Leen , Mancilla E. , Tagawa Y. , Lohse Detlef , Sun Chao 
Published: February 2016

We conduct experiments in a turbulent bubbly flow to study the nature of the transition between the classical $-5/3$ energy spectrum scaling for a single-phase turbulent flow and the $-3$ scaling for a swarm of bubbles rising in a quiescent liquid and of bubble-dominated turbulence. The bubblance parameter (Lance & Bataille J. Fluid Mech., vol. 222, 1991, pp. 95–118; Rensen et al., J. Fluid Mech., vol. 538, 2005, pp. 153–187), which measures the ratio of the bubble-induced kinetic energy to the kinetic energy induced by the turbulent liquid fluctuations before bubble injection, is often used to characterise bubbly flow. We vary the bubblance parameter from $b=\infty$ (pseudoturbulence) to $b=0$ (single-phase flow) over 2–3 orders of magnitude (0.01–5) to study its effect on the turbulent energy spectrum and fluctuations in liquid velocity. The probability density functions (PDFs) of the fluctuations in liquid velocity show deviations from the Gaussian profile for $b>0$, i.e. when bubbles are present in the system. The PDFs are asymmetric with higher probability in the positive tails. The energy spectra are found to follow the $-3$ scaling at length scales smaller than the size of the bubbles for bubbly flows. This $-3$ spectrum scaling holds not only in the well-established case of pseudoturbulence, but surprisingly in all cases where bubbles are present in the system ($b>0$). Therefore, it is a generic feature of turbulent bubbly flows, and the bubblance parameter is probably not a suitable parameter to characterise the energy spectrum in bubbly turbulent flows. The physical reason is that the energy input by the bubbles passes over only to higher wavenumbers, and the energy production due to the bubbles can be directly balanced by the viscous dissipation in the bubble wakes as suggested by Lance & Bataille (1991). In addition, we provide an alternative explanation by balancing the energy production of the bubbles with viscous dissipation in the Fourier space.
Unsteady Rotating Electroosmotic Flow Through a Slit Microchannel
Authors: Si D.-Q. , Jian Y.-J. , Chang L. , Liu Q.-S. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractUsing the method of Laplace transform, an analytical solution of unsteady rotating electroosmotic flow (EOF) through a parallel plate microchannel is presented. The analysis is based upon the linearized Poisson-Boltzmann equation describing electrical potential distribution and the Navies Stokes equation representing flow field in the rotating coordinate system. The discrepancy of present problem from classical EOF is that the velocity fields are two-dimensional. The rotating EOF velocity profile and flow rate greatly depend on time t, rotating parameter ω and the electrokinetic width K (ratio of half height of microchannel to thickness of electric double layer). The influence of the above dimensionless parameters on transient EOF velocity, volume flow rate and EO spiral is investigated.
Limitations on an Owner's Right to Damage his Own Property
Authors: Bein Dan 
Published: February 2016

In this article we are concerned with the problem of the attitude of the criminal law towards the destruction of one's own property. In the elucidation of this problem it will be necessary not only to analyse various provisions of the special part of the criminal law, but also certain extra-penal laws, and to consider them against the wider background of the different social interests they are designed to protect.The accepted view of our legal system is that among the liberties a person enjoys is the liberty to destroy or damage his own property.This view is an outcome of both the influence of Roman Law, and of our social and economic system. This liberty is nowadays subject to limitations ensuing from the needs of society, the state or even of individuals, in the same way as use of property is not unrestricted, but has sometimes to submit to the rights of others (sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas), The extent and form of these limitations depend mainly on the structure of a given society and its ideologies, but the differences between most societies, at least in the western world, are diminishing gradually.