bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and risk of non-melanoma skin cancer:A two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Wangcheng , Su Xiayi , Shi Yanhong , Pang Lili , Wen Bingbing , Lan Yuemei , Dong Yaling , Wei Xiuzhen , Zhu Zhibo , Bai Jie , Cui Heteng , Zhang Baihong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (NMSC) is one of the most common human malignancies with a high incidence rate, posing a heavy economic burden on the global healthcare system.
Methods
We utilized single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that exhibited significant associations with circulating inflammatory proteins as genetic instruments, obtained non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) data from pooled sources of independent genome-wide association studies (GWAS), and subsequently conducted two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses. In the MR analysis, we employed methods such as inverse variance weighting, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, MR Multi-effect residuals, and outlier tests to assess the potential causal relationship between 91 distinct circulating inflammatory proteins and non-melanoma skin cancer.
Results
We found that higher levels of CCL23 (OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.00-1.13), CCL25 (OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01–1.07), EN-RAGE (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.01–1.15), IL-15RA (OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.15–3.61), IL-1α (OR 1.21, 95% CI 1.08–1.35), and IL-8 (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.06–2.43) were significantly positively associated with the risk of NMSC. Conversely, higher levels of CCL4 (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91–0.98), FIt3L (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.86–0.98), MMP-1 (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.41–0.98), OPG (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.43–0.98), and TRANCE (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.89–0.99) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of NMSC. Sensitivity analysis validated the robustness of the findings for CCL23, CCL25, EN-RAGE, IL-15RA, IL-8, and IL-1α.
Conclusion
This innovative two-sample MR analysis reveals an intrinsic causal relationship between inflammation and the risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms of the disease and potentially identifying potential therapeutic targets.
Artificial Intelligence Powered Multi-Dimensional Feature Analysis of Osmo-Priming on Pepper Seeds
Authors: ARIN Levent , Arin Efe 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Priming is a commonly used method to increase seed germination performance.
In literature, it is seen that the studies investigating the effects of chosen priming
parameters on seed germination are limited to one or two features, in other
words low-dimensional. Moving to high dimensional space increases the complexity
to be analyzed exponentially. Artificial intelligence is known as an important
tool in solving multi-dimensional semantic relations and increasing estimation
performance. However, artificial intelligence applications in the field are mainly
carried out through image processing and do not target the seed germination performance
metrics. In this study, as a novel approach, the effect of osmo-priming
applications with different input parameters is investigated directly on metrics
that are frequently used in the field to define germination quality in a multidimensional
fashion using both classical and artificial intelligence methods. It
is seen that the difference between varieties had a great effect on other metrics
affecting germination performance, therefore, modeling based on varieties could
be developed. In addition, unexpected parameter sets are observed that create
instability in the close germination trend, therefore, generally used linear estimates
may be improved with the substitutions of high-dimentional approaches.
Furthermore, the most important attributes and attribute importance order vary
among varieties and some varieties are less sensitive to the selected parameters,
i.e. more stable, than others.
Dual-Task Vision Transformer for Rapid and Accurate Intracerebral Hemorrhage CT Image Classification
Authors: Fan Jialiang , Fan Xinhui , Song Chengyan , Wang Xiaofan , Feng Bingdong , Li Lucan , Lu Guoyu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe and sudden medical condition caused by the rupture of blood vessels in the brain, leading to permanent damage to brain tissue and often resulting in functional disabilities or death in patients. Diagnosis and analysis of ICH typically rely on brain CT imaging. Given the urgency of ICH conditions, early treatment is crucial, necessitating rapid analysis of CT images to formulate tailored treatment plans. However, the complexity of ICH CT images and the frequent scarcity of specialist radiologists pose significant challenges. Therefore, we collect a dataset from the real world for ICH and normal classification and three types of ICH image classification based on the hemorrhage location, i.e., Deep, Subcortical, and Lobar. In addition, we propose a neural network structure, dual-task vision transformer (DTViT), for the automated classification and diagnosis of ICH images. The DTViT deploys the encoder from the Vision Transformer (ViT), employing attention mechanisms for feature extraction from CT images. The proposed DTViT framework also incorporates two multilayer perception (MLP)-based decoders to simultaneously identify the presence of ICH and classify the three types of hemorrhage locations. Experimental results demonstrate that DTViT performs well on the real-world test dataset.
First detection of viral pathogens in German chickpea
Authors: Kartheuser Christoph , Tan Shin yee , Bubolz Jessica , Reckling Moritz , Menzel Wulf , Ziebell Heiko , Krenz Bjoern 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Legumes play a crucial role in agriculture and serve as a valuable source of protein for human and animal consumption. However, legumes are susceptible to various viral infections, which can cause significant losses in yield and quality. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume worldwide. While its cultivation in Germany is still neglectable, it is expected to increase due to its numerous advantages. It is adapted to drought conditions, is an attractive additional option for crop rotations in organic farming and is gaining popularity for regional produced food products. However, there is little knowledge about the presence and potential agronomic impact of viral pathogens in chickpea grown under German conditions. This study is the first that investigated the prevalence of legume-infecting viruses on chickpea crops grown in Germany. In 2022 and 2023, we collected sample material from symptomatic plants at three locations and analyzed it for the presence of circular (ss) DNA viruses, such as pea necrotic yellow dwarf virus (PNYDV), using a combination of rolling circle amplification (RCA) and downstream restriction fragment length pattern (RFLP) analysis. Furthermore, we conducted a reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) to detect different legume-infecting RNA viruses. PNYDV was detected in 2022 in 5 plants, all from the "Amorgos" chickpea variety, located near a pea field. RNA viruses were detected in 31 plants, mostly TuYV or PEMV-1. Double and triple infections were common, with one plant exhibiting a triple infection of PNYDV, TuYV, and PEMV-1. Symptoms of viral infection included leaf yellowing, dwarfism, and chlorotic spots, with co-infections leading to more severe symptoms. These findings indicate that viral pathogens pose a significant threat to chickpea production in Germany, necessitating the development of resistant cultivars and integrated management strategies.
American cities are defined by rings and pockets characterized by limited socio-economic mixing
Authors: Renninger Andrew , O'Clery Neave , Arcaute Elsa 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Cities generate gains from interaction, but citizens often experience segregation in their daily urban movements. Using GPS location data, we identify patterns of this experienced segregation across US cities, differentiating between neighborhoods that are sources and sinks—exporters and importers—of diversity. By clustering areas with similar mobility signatures, capturing both the diversity of visitors and the exposure of neighbourhoods to diversity, we uncover a generic mesoscopic structure: rings of isolation around cities and internal pockets of segregation. Using a decision tree, we identify the key predictors of isolation and segregation: race, wealth and geographic centrality. We show that these patterns are persistent across time and prevalent across all US cities, with a trend toward larger rings and stronger pockets after the pandemic. These findings offer insights into the dynamics that contribute to inequality between neighbourhoods, so that targeted interventions promoting economic opportunity can be developed.
The daily dynamics of photosynthesis and its influencing factors in the Otindag sandy land Salix gordejevii
Authors: Zhang ShiQi , Liu Guan Zhi , Liang YuMei , Zhao HongXia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study focuses on the Salix gordejevii, inhabiting various habitats (mobile dune, semi-fixed dune, fixed dune, dune slack) in the Otingdag Sandy Land. Through the analysis of daily dynamics of environmental factors within different habitats and an in-depth investigation into the daily variations of photosynthetic characteristics of Salix gordejevii and their influencing factors, this study aims to elucidate the photosynthetic physiological and ecological adaptation strategies of Salix gordejevii. Results show that: (a) Significant daily dynamic variations of environmental factors exist among different habitats of Salix gordejevii, displaying environmental heterogeneity; (b) Salix gordejevii exhibits significant daily variations in photosynthetic characteristics among different habitats; (c) The influence of environmental factors on plant photosynthesis (Pn) is the result of comprehensive effects. The main environmental factors affecting the Pn of Salix gordejevii leaves include photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), leaf temperature (tl), transpiration rate (Tr), atmospheric temperature (ta), vapor pressure deficit (Vpd), and stomatal limitation (Ls).The research results contribute to further understanding the decline mechanism of Salix gordejevii and lay a theoretical foundation for revealing the photosynthetic physiological and ecological adaptability of Salix gordejevii.
Navigating the Dark Side: Dark Triad and Time Bantitry in the Turkish Context
Authors: Cohen Aaron , Özsoy Emrah 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Time banditry, or the tendency of employees to engage in non-work-related activities during work hours, presents a significant cost to organizations. Despite its impact, the underlying causes of this behavior remain underexplored. This study investigates the relationship between Dark Triad personality traits—psychopathy, Machiavellianism, and narcissism—and situational factors such as general loneliness, social media addiction, and workplace boredom, with the various dimensions of time banditry: classic, technological, and social. We surveyed 264 employees from both private and public sectors in Sakarya, Turkey.
The research revealed that psychopathy had the strongest association with time banditry behaviors. Interestingly, narcissism did not correlate with any form of time banditry. The study also found that workplace boredom and social media addiction were significantly linked to time banditry. These factors diminished the influence of Dark Triad traits when factored into regression analyses. General loneliness showed no connection to time banditry, and demographic variables such as gender, age, and marital status had no discernible effect.
The paper delves into the broader conceptual implications of these findings, particularly within the context of Turkey's traditional collectivist culture. It concludes by offering directions for future research and practical strategies to mitigate time banditry in the workplace.
We Can Do This: Understanding COVID-19 vaccine campaign elements through message frames and emotional appeals
Authors: Zannat Rubaiya , Faisal Hasan Mahmud , Moni Sherin Farhana , Maxwell Lindsey 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study looks into the message frames, emotional appeals, and approaches used in the We Can Do This COVID-19 vaccine campaign by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). A quantitative content analysis of 145 campaign ads and videos was guided by framing theory. Results indicate that the campaign messages primarily focused on vaccine benefits and used aninformational approach to messaging. Consistent use of hope is observed alongside frames, such as vaccine information, facts and findings, and preventive measures. The moral obligation frame uses a more negative appeal (i.e., guilt) across the campaign elements. Additionally, while informational messages incorporate a more fearappeal, sadness, guilt, and hope remain the consistent emotional appeals in the transformational message approach. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable resource for the U.S. Government authorities and other healthcare experts in the implementation of comparable vaccination campaigns.
Assessing the Impact of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions on COVID-19: A Combined CCE and Quantile Regression Approach
Authors: Mishra Kaibalyapati 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This paper presents supposedly the first empirical evidence on the impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) on deaths and infections due to COVID-19 in India. I use the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), a database of daily government responses from Jan 28th, 2020, till December 31st, 2022. Here, government responses are captured in the form of stringency measures, containment measures, economic support measures, and the overall government support. I quantify the average relation and causality to understand the impacts of NPIs with COVID-19 incidence using the CS-ARDL, IV(CS-ARDL) method and panel quantile regression. Short-term analysis reveals significant negative associations between various NPIs and COVID-19 deaths. Stringency measures, containment actions, and economic support show negative coefficients, indicating the role of NPIs in effectively reducing deaths in the short term. The overall government support, which aggregates all three NPIs, also demonstrates a significant adverse effect on fatalities, highlighting the importance of stringent and immediate measures in controlling the death toll during the pandemic. Long-term coefficients for infection rates and various NPIs are consistently significant and negative, indicating that sustained interventions significantly reduce infections of COVID-19. Further, causality analysis confirms that the relationship between government interventions and COVID-19 incidences was bi-directional, meaning more deaths (or infections) lead to stricter interventions that, in turn, further reduce deaths. Results from the quantile regression confirm the robustness of CS-ARDL estimates and demonstrate that at lower quantiles of deaths and infections, NPIs were ineffective, while post 0.2 quantiles of the dependent variables, NPIs have proven effective in restricting the death and infection in COVID-19 in India.
JEL: C23, C54, I18, I38
A Quasi-Spherical Fusion Reactor Burning Boron-11 Fuel
Authors: Rogers Joel G. , Egly Andrew A. , Roh Yoon S. , Terry Robert E. , Wessel Frank J. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Particle in Cell (PIC) simulation has been used to design a quasi-spherical, net power, p+B11 fueled, fusion reactor incorporating high temperature superconducting (HTS) magnets. By burning a fully thermalized plasma, our proposed MET6 reactor uses the principles of Magneto-Electrostatic Trap design of Yushmanov (1980) to improve the classic Polywell design, resulting in a predicted power-balance Q ≈ 1.5. Because the input power consumed by the reactor barely balances the waste bremsstrahlung radiation, future research will focus on reducing the bremsstrahlung output to reach practical net power levels.
Healthcare utilization among community members reporting respiratory, diarrheal or febrile syndromic illness in the Western Highlands of Guatemala
Authors: Santos Lucas F. , Grajeda Laura , Castillo Carmen , Romero Juan Carlos , Lopez Maria Renee , Palmer Guy H. , Call Douglas R. , Cordon-Rosales Celia , Ramay Brooke M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Healthcare utilization surveys describe patterns of healthcare use based on patient needs and experiences and are provide information on potential barriers to accessing care.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional community survey to better understand factors driving health-seeking behaviors among participants reporting respiratory, diarrheal or febrile syndromic illness in the western highlands of Guatemala.
Findings: Among participants, 16% (157/981) reported syndromic illness with approximately equal proportions reporting ≥1 febrile, diarrheal or influenza-like illness event within 30 days of enrollment. Participants were more likely to seek healthcare if they had influenza-like illness, or if they had higher wealth scores (OR: 8.25, P < 0.01 and OR:1.55, P = 0.03, respectively).
Interpretation: The significant association between reported influenza-like illness and healthcare seeking behavior may indicate a greater awareness of risks associated with untreated respiratory illness compared to symptoms related to diarrhea and fever. Higher wealth among health-seeking participants suggests that economic disparities may influence healthcare utilization. These findings may be used to address potential barriers to accessing care in this region.
Potential exploration of silver nitrate nanoparticlesloaded on Conyzacanadensis forin vitro and in vivocytotoxic and immunologicalstudies
Authors:   Safa Salah Salman1, Al-Ezzy Ruqaya M. , Soussi Ahlem 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the biological effects of C. canadensis extract and its silver nanoparticles, focusing on their cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory properties by assessing their effectiveness in cytokine production and wound healing potential in albino male mice. Our research revealed that C. canadensis extracts are rich in flavonoids, phenols, and saponins. Wound healing results indicated that burns treated with an aqueous extract of C. canadensis healed in 24 days, compared to 18 days for those treated with silver nanoparticles. Notably, mice treated with green synthetic nanoparticles recovered after just 13 days. The study also demonstrated the anti-inflammatory effects of C. canadensis extract and biosynthesized silver nanoparticles on the in vitro release of cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) from cultured mononuclear cells. These results highlight the potential of C. canadensis as a valuable source of bioactive compounds for developing new drugs, cosmetics, and food products across various industrial sectors. Silver nanoparticles and C. canadensis extracts could be effectively used as wound healing and anti-inflammatory has been performed for the first time in these species.
Three-arm polyrotaxanes with multidirectional molecular motions as the nanocarrier for nitric oxide-enhanced photodynamic therapy against bacterial biofilms in septic arthritis
Authors: Liu Shixin , Jiang Yuanfang , Zhang Yu , Lv Kai , Zhu Jiaxin , Liu Mei , Xu Hao , Jiao Genlong , Yang Wanyong , Sun Guodong , Ma Dong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Bacterial biofilms are one of the major contributors to the refractoriness of septic arthritis. Although nitric-oxide (NO)-enhanced photodynamic (PDT) therapy has been involvedin biofilm eradication, the anti-biofilm efficacy is usually hindered by the short half-life and limited diffusion distance of active molecules. Herein, we report a three-arm structure using the photosensitive core chlorin e6 (Ce6) to integrate three α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) polyrotaxane (PR) chains as the supramolecular nanocarrier of NO-enhanced PDT therapy, in which NO was loaded on the cationic rings (α-CDs). Beneficial from the enhanced permeability of the nanocarrier due to the collective act on biofilms by the molecular motions (slide and rotation of rings) of three chains in different directions, NO capable of inducing biofilm dispersal and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were efficiently delivered deep inside biofilms under near-infrared (NIR) exposure, and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) with stronger bactericidal ability was produced in-situ, further accomplishing bacteria elimination inside biofilms. In-vivo therapeutic performance of this platform was demonstrated in a rat septic arthritis model by eliminating the methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection, and thus potentiating the immune microenvironment regulation and bone loss inhibition, also providing a promising strategy to numerous obstinate clinical infections caused by biofilms.
Work ready? An explorative study of nurse managers’ perspective on the work readiness of new graduate nurses from two different educational trajectories
Authors: Sørensen Astrid Grith , Bernild Camilla , Holen Mari , Visler Camilla Louise , Tackie Sara Huld Sveinsdóttir , Svendsen Pernille Kjær , Poulsen René , Noer Vibeke Røn 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
In high-pressure healthcare environments, nurse managers face challenges in ensuring adequate staffing, necessitating that new graduate nurses be ready to work immediately. However, the gap between generalized nursing education and the specialized wards where new graduate nurses are expected to be work-ready may pose additional challenges.
Methods and Results
This study aims to explore the aspects of new graduate nurses’ work readiness that are pertinent to nurse managers in highly specialized wards, both generally and within a newly introduced educational trajectory. A questionnaire was developed based on focus group interviews with nurse managers, and descriptive results show that the majority of nurse managers consider new graduate nurses to be work ready on most of the parameters they find important although nurse managers need them to quickly learn to prioritize their tasks and are challenged by new graduate nurses’ vulnerability and them bringing their personal life to work.
Conclusions
The study concludes that the challenges nurse managers perceive in general is likely caused by the work environment rather than the work readiness of new graduate nurses, but their positive initial reactions to the new educational trajectory may present possibilities for aligning needs and work readiness in the future.