bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Realisation of magnetically and atomically abrupt half-metal/semiconductor interface: Co2FeSi0.5Al0.5/Ge(111)
Authors: Nedelkoski Zlatko , Kuerbanjiang Balati , Glover Stephanie E. , Sanchez Ana M. , Kepaptsoglou Demie , Ghasemi Arsham , Burrows Christopher W. , Yamada Shinya , Hamaya Kohei , Ramasse Quentin M. , Hasnip Philip J. , Hase Thomas , Bell Gavin R. , Hirohata Atsufumi , Lazarov Vlado K. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHalfmetal-semiconductor interfaces are crucial for hybrid spintronic devices. Atomically sharp interfaces with high spin polarisation are required for efficient spin injection. In this work we show that thin film of half-metallic full Heusler alloy Co2FeSi0.5Al0.5 with uniform thickness and B2 ordering can form structurally abrupt interface with Ge(111). Atomic resolution energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy reveals that there is a small outdiffusion of Ge into specific atomic planes of the Co2FeSi0.5Al0.5 film, limited to a very narrow "Equation missing"1 nm interface region. First-principles calculations show that this selective outdiffusion along the Fe-Si/Al atomic planes does not change the magnetic moment of the film up to the very interface. Polarized neutron reflectivity, x-ray reflectivity and aberration-corrected electron microscopy confirm that this interface is both magnetically and structurally abrupt. Finally, using first-principles calculations we show that this experimentally realised interface structure, terminated by Co-Ge bonds, preserves the high spin polarization at the Co2FeSi0.5Al0.5/Ge interface, hence can be used as a model to study spin injection from half-metals into semiconductors.
Optical computing for optical coherence tomography
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Huo Tiancheng , Wang Chengming , Liao Wenchao , Chen Tianyuan , Ai Shengnan , Zhang Wenxin , Hsieh Jui-Cheng , Xue Ping 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe propose an all-optical Fourier transformation system for real-time massive data processing in high speed optical coherence tomography (OCT). In the so-called optical computing OCT, fast Fourier transformation (FFT) of A-scan signal is optically processed in real time before being detected by photoelectric detector. Therefore, the processing time for interpolation and FFT in traditional Fourier domain OCT can be dramatically eliminated. A processing rate of 10 mega-A-scans/second was experimentally achieved, which is, to our knowledge, the highest speed for OCT imaging. Due to its fiber based all-optical configuration, this optical computing OCT system is ideal for ultrahigh speed volumetric OCT imaging in clinical application.
Demonstration of reconfigurable joint orbital angular momentum mode and space switching
Authors: Liu Jun , Wang Jian 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe propose and demonstrate space-selective switch functions employing orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes in the space domain for switching network. One is the switching among different OAM modes having different spatial phase structures, called OAM mode switching. The other is the switching among different space locations, called space switching. The switching operation mechanism relies on linear optics. Reconfigurable 4 × 4 OAM mode switching, space switching, and joint OAM mode and space switching fabric using a single spatial light modulator (SLM) are all demonstrated in the experiment. In addition, the presented OAM-incorporated space-selective switch might be further extended to N × N joint OAM mode and space switching with fast response, scalability, cascading ability and compability to facilitate robust switching applications.
Main Effects of Diagnoses, Brain Regions, and their Interaction Effects for Cerebral Metabolites in Bipolar and Unipolar Depressive Disorders
Authors: Tan Hai-Zhu , Li Hui , Liu Chen-Feng , Guan Ji-Tian , Guo Xiao-Bo , Wen Can-Hong , Ou Shao-Min , Zhang Yin-Nan , Zhang Jie , Xu Chong-Tao , Shen Zhi-Wei , Wu Ren-Hua , Wang Xue-Qin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPrevious studies suggested patients with bipolar depressive disorder (BDd) or unipolar depressive disorder (UDd) have cerebral metabolites abnormalities. These abnormalities may stem from multiple sub-regions of gray matter in brain regions. Thirteen BDd patients, 20 UDd patients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled to investigate these abnormalities. Absolute concentrations of 5 cerebral metabolites (glutamate-glutamine (Glx), N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline (Cho), myo-inositol (mI), creatine (Cr), parietal cortex (PC)) were measured from 4 subregions (the medial frontal cortex (mPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and parietal cortex (PC)) of gray matter. Main and interaction effects of cerebral metabolites across subregions of gray matter were evaluated. For example, the Glx was significantly higher in BDd compared with UDd, and so on. As the interaction analyses showed, some interaction effects existed. The concentrations of BDds’ Glx, Cho, Cr in the ACC and HCs’ mI and Cr in the PC were higher than that of other interaction effects. In addition, the concentrations of BDds’ Glx and Cr in the PC and HCs’ mI in the ACC were statistically significant lower than that of other interaction effects. These findings point to region-related abnormalities of cerebral metabolites across subjects with BDd and UDd.
Homocysteine and Its Relationship to Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis in a Chinese Community Population
Authors: Jia Jiaokun , Wang Anxin , Wang Jing , Wu Jianwei , Yan Xiujuan , Zhou Yong , Chen Shengyun , Zhao Xingquan 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLittle is known about the association between homocysteine (Hcy) and asymptomatic CAS in the healthy population. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Hcy levels and asymptomatic CAS in a Chinese community population. The current study included 5393 participants who were age of 40 years or older, and free of stroke, transient ischemic attack, and coronary artery disease. Demographic and clinical variables were investigated, and the presence of CAS was assessed by Color Doppler Ultrasound. A multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between Hcy levels and asymptomatic CAS. 361 (6.69%) participants were diagnosed with asymptomatic CAS, who had higher Hcy levels compared with those without (p-value for trend = 0.0001). After adjusting other possible risk factors, Hcy > 19.3μmol/L was considered as an independent indicator of asymptomatic CAS (OR 1.53, 95%CI 1.05–2.23; p-value for trend = 0.0265), but with a difference between participants with diabetes and without [OR (95%CI): 2.89(1.02–8.22) vs. 1.42(0.95–2.12); P interaction < 0.05]. In this large-population, community-based study, Hcy is an independent indicator of asymptomatic CAS, especially in patients with diabetes.
Importance of the C-terminal histidine residues of Helicobacter pylori GroES for Toll-like receptor 4 binding and interleukin-8 cytokine production
Authors: Lee Haur , Su Yu-Lin , Huang Bo-Shih , Hsieh Feng-Tse , Chang Ya-Hui , Tzeng Shiou-Ru , Hsu Chun-Hua , Huang Po-Tsang , Lou Kuo-Long , Wang Yeng-Tseng , Chow Lu-Ping 
Published: November 2016

AbstractHelicobacter pylori infection is associated with the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers as well as gastric cancer. GroES of H. pylori (HpGroES) was previously identified as a gastric cancer-associated virulence factor. Our group showed that HpGroES induces interleukin-8 (IL-8) cytokine release via a Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-dependent mechanism and domain B of the protein is crucial for interactions with TLR4. In the present study, we investigated the importance of the histidine residues in domain B. To this end, a series of point mutants were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the corresponding proteins purified. Interestingly, H96, H104 and H115 were not essential, whereas H100, H102, H108, H113 and H118 were crucial for IL-8 production and TLR4 interactions in KATO-III cells. These residues were involved in nickel binding. Four of five residues, H102, H108, H113 and H118 induced certain conformation changes in extended domain B structure, which is essential for interactions with TLR4 and consequent IL-8 production. We conclude that interactions of nickel ions with histidine residues in domain B help to maintain the conformation of the C-terminal region to conserve the integrity of the HpGroES structure and modulate IL-8 release.
In-situ growth of MnO2 crystals under nanopore-constraint in carbon nanofibers and their electrochemical performance
Authors: Le TrungHieu , Yang Ying , Yu Liu , Huang Zheng-hong , Kang Feiyu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractGrowing MnO2 nanocrystals in the bulk of porous carbon nanofibers is conducted in a KMnO4 aqueous solution aimed to enhance the electrochemical performance of MnO2. The rate of redox reaction between KMnO4 and carbon was controlled by the concentration of KMnO4 in a neutral solution. The MnO2 nanoparticles grow along with (211) crystal faces when the redox reaction happens on the surface of fibers under 1D constraint, while the nanoparticles grow along with (200) crystal faces when the redox reaction happens in the bulk of fibers under 3D constraint. The composite, where MnO2 nanoparticles are formed in the bulk under a constraint, yields an electrode material for supercapacitors showing good electron transport, rapid ion penetration, fast and reversible Faradaic reaction, and excellent rate performance. The capacitance of the composite electrode could be 1282 F g−1 under a current density of 0.2 A g−1 in 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. A symmetric supercapacitor delivers energy density of 36 Wh kg−1 with power density of 39 W kg−1, and can maintain 7.5 Wh kg−1 at 10.3 kW kg−1. It exhibits an excellent electrochemical cycling stability with 101% initial capacitance and 95% columbic efficiency even after 1000 cycles of charge/discharge.
The ERF transcription factor family in cassava: genome-wide characterization and expression analyses against drought stress
Authors: Fan Wei , Hai Meirong , Guo Yunling , Ding Zehong , Tie Weiwei , Ding Xupo , Yan Yan , Wei Yunxie , Liu Yang , Wu Chunlai , Shi Haitao , Li Kaimian , Hu Wei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractCassava (Manihot esculenta) shows strong tolerance to drought stress; however, the mechanisms underlying this tolerance are poorly understood. Ethylene response factor (ERF) family genes play a crucial role in plants responding to abiotic stress. Currently, less information is known regarding the ERF family in cassava. Herein, 147 ERF genes were characterized from cassava based on the complete genome data, which was further supported by phylogenetic relationship, gene structure, and conserved motif analyses. Transcriptome analysis suggested that most of the MeERF genes have similar expression profiles between W14 and Arg7 during organ development. Comparative expression profiles revealed that the function of MeERFs in drought tolerance may be differentiated in roots and leaves of different genotypes. W14 maintained strong tolerance by activating more MeERF genes in roots compared to Arg7 and SC124, whereas Arg7 and SC124 maintained drought tolerance by inducing more MeERF genes in leaves relative to W14. Expression analyses of the selected MeERF genes showed that most of them are significantly upregulated by osmotic and salt stresses, whereas slightly induced by cold stress. Taken together, this study identified candidate MeERF genes for genetic improvement of abiotic stress tolerance and provided new insights into ERF-mediated cassava tolerance to drought stress.
Delivery Room Quality Improvement Project Improved Compliance with Best Practices for a Community NICU
Authors: Sauer Charles W. , Boutin Mallory A. , Fatayerji Aayah N. , Proudfoot James A. , Fatayerji Nabil I. , Golembeski David J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA Quality Improvement bundle was implemented with the goal of standardizing the multidisciplinary approach to delivery room management. We used a Pre-Post Quality Improvement initiative with the following aims: (1) Placement of a functioning pulse oximeter by two minutes after birth, (2) Delayed intubation, (3) Normothermia on Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Admission, (4) Use of a pre-brief, debrief, and delivery room checklist. Data was collected for 548 infants, which represents every admission to the Palomar Rady Children’s Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit during the 35 month study period from January 1, 2010 to November 30, 2012. The intervention began on May 1, 2011. The objective of increasing the frequency of each goal was met. A significant decrease in rates of retinopathy of prematurity in our post-intervention group was found. Odds ratio 0.00 (0.000, 0.696) p = 0.008. However, this was not confirmed in the multivariable analysis so should be interpreted with caution. This quality improvement project had a positive effect on newborn resuscitation at Palomar Medical Center.
Highly Efficient Spin-Current Operation in a Cu Nano-Ring
Authors: Murphy Benedict A. , Vick Andrew J. , Samiepour Marjan , Hirohata Atsufumi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAn all-metal lateral spin-valve structure has been fabricated with a medial Copper nano-ring to split the diffusive spin-current path. We have demonstrated significant modulation of the non-local signal by the application of a magnetic field gradient across the nano-ring, which is up to 30% more efficient than the conventional Hanle configuration at room temperature. This was achieved by passing a dc current through a current-carrying bar to provide a locally induced Ampère field. We have shown that in this manner a lateral spin-valve gains an additional functionality in the form of three-terminal gate operation for future spintronic logic.
Pterostilbene induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells
Authors: Kong Yuanyuan , Chen Gege , Xu Zhijian , Yang Guang , Li Bo , Wu Xiaosong , Xiao Wenqin , Xie Bingqian , Hu Liangning , Sun Xi , Chang Gaomei , Gao Minjie , Gao Lu , Dai Bojie , Tao Yi , Zhu Weiliang , Shi Jumei 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDiffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Pterostilbene, a natural dimethylated analog of resveratrol, has been shown to possess diverse pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer properties. However, to the best of our knowledge, there has been no study of the effects of pterostilbene upon hematological malignancies. Herein, we report the antitumor activity and mechanism of pterostilbene against DLBCL cells both in vitro and in vivo. We found that pterostilbene treatment resulted in a dose-dependent inhibition of cell viability. In addition, pterostilbene exhibited a strong cytotoxic effect, as evidenced not only by reductions of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) but also by increases in cellular apoptotic index and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, leading to arrest in the S-phase of the cell cycle. Furthermore, pterostilbene treatment directly up-regulated p-p38MAPK and down-regulated p-ERK1/2. In vivo, intravenous administration of pterostilbene inhibited tumor development in xenograft mouse models. Overall, the results suggested that pterostilbene is a potential anti-cancer pharmaceutical against human DLBCL by a mechanism involving the suppression of ERK1/2 and activation of p38MAPK signaling pathways.
Fundamental Scaling Laws in Nanophotonics
Authors: Liu Ke , Sun Shuai , Majumdar Arka , Sorger Volker J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe success of information technology has clearly demonstrated that miniaturization often leads to unprecedented performance, and unanticipated applications. This hypothesis of “smaller-is-better” has motivated optical engineers to build various nanophotonic devices, although an understanding leading to fundamental scaling behavior for this new class of devices is missing. Here we analyze scaling laws for optoelectronic devices operating at micro and nanometer length-scale. We show that optoelectronic device performance scales non-monotonically with device length due to the various device tradeoffs, and analyze how both optical and electrical constrains influence device power consumption and operating speed. Specifically, we investigate the direct influence of scaling on the performance of four classes of photonic devices, namely laser sources, electro-optic modulators, photodetectors, and all-optical switches based on three types of optical resonators; microring, Fabry-Perot cavity, and plasmonic metal nanoparticle. Results show that while microrings and Fabry-Perot cavities can outperform plasmonic cavities at larger length-scales, they stop working when the device length drops below 100 nanometers, due to insufficient functionality such as feedback (laser), index-modulation (modulator), absorption (detector) or field density (optical switch). Our results provide a detailed understanding of the limits of nanophotonics, towards establishing an opto-electronics roadmap, akin to the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors.
Reversible strain control of magnetic anisotropy in magnetoelectric heterostructures at room temperature
Authors: Staruch Margo , Gopman Daniel B. , Iunin Yury L. , Shull Robert D. , Cheng Shu Fan , Bussmann Konrad , Finkel Peter 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe ability to tune both magnetic and electric properties in magnetoelectric (ME) composite heterostructures is crucial for multiple transduction applications including energy harvesting or magnetic field sensing, or other transduction devices. While large ME coupling achieved through interfacial strain-induced rotation of magnetic anisotropy in magnetostrictive/piezoelectric multiferroic heterostructures has been demonstrated, there are presently certain restrictions for achieving a full control of magnetism in an extensive operational dynamic range, limiting practical realization of this effect. Here, we demonstrate the possibility of generating substantial reversible anisotropy changes through induced interfacial strains driven by applied electric fields in magnetostrictive thin films deposited on (0 1 1)-oriented domain-engineered ternary relaxor ferroelectric single crystals with extended temperature and voltage ranges as compared to binary relaxors. We show, through a combination of angular magnetization and magneto-optical domain imaging measurements, that a 90° in-plane rotation of the magnetic anisotropy and propagation of magnetic domains with low applied electric fields under zero electric field bias are realized. To our knowledge, the present value attained for converse magnetoelectric coupling coefficient is the highest achieved in the linear piezoelectric regime and expected to be stable for a wide temperature range, thus representing a step towards practical ME transduction devices.
The lectin-like protein 1 in Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 mediates tissue-specific adherence to vaginal epithelium and inhibits urogenital pathogens
Authors: Petrova Mariya I. , Lievens Elke , Verhoeven Tine L. A. , Macklaim Jean M. , Gloor Gregory , Schols Dominique , Vanderleyden Jos , Reid Gregor , Lebeer Sarah 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 has been documented to survive implantation onto the vaginal epithelium and interfere with urogenital pathogens. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are largely unknown. Here, we report for the first time the construction of dedicated knock-out mutants in L. rhamnosus GR-1 to enable the study of gene functions. In a search for genes responsible for the adherence capacity of L. rhamnosus GR-1, a genomic region encoding a protein with homology to lectin-like proteins was identified. Phenotypic analyses of the knock-out mutant of L. rhamnosus GR-1 revealed a two-fold decreased adhesion to the vaginal and ectocervical epithelial cell lines compared to wild-type. In contrast, the adhesion to gastro-intestinal epithelial (Caco2) and endocervical cell lines (Hela and End1/E6E7) was not drastically affected by the mutation, suggesting that the LGR-1_Llp1 lectins mediates tissue tropism. The purified LGR-1_Llp1 protein also inhibited biofilm formation and adhesion of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. For the first time, an important role for a novel lectin-like protein in the adhesion capacity and host cell-specific interaction of a vaginal probiotic Lactobacillus strain has been discovered, with an additional role in pathogen inhibition.
Genome mining unveils widespread natural product biosynthetic capacity in human oral microbe Streptococcus mutans
Authors: Liu Liwei , Hao Tingting , Xie Zhoujie , Horsman Geoff P. , Chen Yihua 
Published: November 2016

AbstractStreptococcus mutans is a major pathogen causing human dental caries. As a Gram-positive bacterium with a small genome (about 2 Mb) it is considered a poor source of natural products. Due to a recent explosion in genomic data available for S. mutans strains, we were motivated to explore the natural product production potential of this organism. Bioinformatic characterization of 169 publically available genomes of S. mutans from human dental caries revealed a surprisingly rich source of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters. Anti-SMASH analysis identified one nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene cluster, seven polyketide synthase (PKS) gene clusters and 136 hybrid PKS/NRPS gene clusters. In addition, 211 ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) clusters and 615 bacteriocin precursors were identified by a combined analysis using BAGEL and anti-SMASH. S. mutans harbors a rich and diverse natural product genetic capacity, which underscores the importance of probing the human microbiome and revisiting species that have traditionally been overlooked as “poor” sources of natural products.
Hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry formation in human colorectal cancer cells: Involvement of HIF-1a, Claudin-4, and E-cadherin and Vimentin
Authors: Li Wen , Zong ShaoQi , Shi Qi , Li HongJia , Xu Jian , Hou Fenggang 
Published: November 2016

AbstractVasculogenic mimicry (VM) plays an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis, and both hypoxia and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are necessary for VM. In this study, HIF-1α expression was upregulated in the VM-positive CRC cell line HCT-116 and thereby affected the expression of the EMT-related markers Claudin-4, E-cadherin (E-cd) and Vimentin(VIM). SB431542 and U0126EtOH, which can inhibit of EMT were used to treat HCT-116 and HCT-8 in these experiments. Both of the inhibitors had significant effect on EMT markers and the formations of VM in CRC cells. In addition, knockdown of HIF-1α in the HCT-116 cells inhibited their capacity for VM. Our study reveals a regulatory role for HIF-1α in VM and suggests that targeting either HIF-1α or EMT may be a valuable strategy for the elimination of CRC metastasis.