bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electronic Matching of HIV/AIDS and Hepatitis C Surveillance Registries in Three States
Authors: Speers Suzanne , Klevens R. Monina , Vonderwahl Candace , Bryant Terry , Daniloff Elaine , Capizzi Jeff , Poissant Tasha , Roome Aaron 
Published: January 2017

Objectives. Both HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) can be transmitted through percutaneous exposure to blood in similar high-risk populations. HCV and HIV/AIDS surveillance databases were matched in Colorado, Connecticut, and Oregon to measure the frequency of co-infection and to characterize co-infected people. Methods. We defined a case of HCV infection as a person with a reactive antibody for hepatitis C, medical diagnosis, positive viral-load test result, or positive genotype reported to any of three state health departments from the start of each state's hepatitis C registry through June 30, 2008. We defined a case of HIV/AIDS as a person diagnosed and living with HIV/AIDS at the start of each state's respective hepatitis C registry through June 30, 2008. HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C datasets were matched using Link King, public domain record linkage and consolidation software, and all potential matches were manually reviewed before acceptance as a match. Results. The proportion of reported hepatitis C cases co-infected with HIV/AIDS was 1.8% in Oregon, 1.9% in Colorado, and 4.9% in Connecticut. Conversely, the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases co-infected with hepatitis C was consistently higher in the three states: 4.4% in Oregon, 9.7% in Colorado, and 23.6% in Connecticut. Conclusions. Electronic matching of registries is a potentially useful and efficient way to transfer information from one registry to another. In addition, it can provide a measure of the public health burden of HIV/AIDS and hepatitis C co-infection and provide insight into prevention and medical care needs for respective states.
Oral Miranda Warnings: A Checklist and a Model Presentation
Authors: Declue Gregory 
Published: January 2017

Although the U.S. Supreme Court requires that police advise suspects of their Constitutional rights prior to custodial interrogation, the Court has not delineated a specific format for presentation of those rights (Miranda, 1966). To use any subsequent statement, the state must show that the suspect waived his Miranda rights, and that the waiver was knowing, intelligent, and voluntary. Gradually, more police interrogators are electronically recording the entire interrogation, including the Miranda warning. That creates the opportunity for a police interrogator to elicit verbal responses from a suspect that show whether and to what extent the suspect understands the Miranda warnings and makes a knowing and intelligent waiver of them. Did the suspect show that he or she understood the Miranda warnings? Did the suspect give a knowing and intelligent waiver? This article presents a new checklist designed to help answer those questions. How can a police officer create a record that clearly shows whether a suspect understands and knowingly waives Miranda warnings? This article presents a new model oral Miranda warning that encourages suspects to show that they understand their rights. This presentation uses clear and unambiguous language that should be understandable at a second-grade level. The presentation is designed to elicit responses showing how well the suspect understands each right. The presentation addresses important issues often left off of written forms: clear statements that there is no penalty for exercising one's rights, and clear descriptions of exactly how to decline or terminate questioning should the subject so choose.
Seasonal variation in occurrence of ischemic colitis: a retrospective study
Authors: Yamanouchi Satoshi , Ogawa Sayaka , Kusunoki Ryusaku , Miyaoka Youichi , Fujishiro Hirofumi , Kohge Naruaki , Kinoshita Yoshikazu 
Published: January 2017

Objectives We aimed to identify the clinical characteristics of ischemic colitis (IC) and to investigate the occurrence of seasonal variation. Methods From January 2008 to December 2014, 368 had IC as the reason for their admission. A total of 364 patients were enrolled in this study. We investigated patient characteristics and seasonal variations in incidence. Results The mean age (±standard deviation) of patients with IC at diagnosis was 66.8 (±16.9) years. Most patients had abdominal pain (341 cases), hematochezia (337 cases), and diarrhea (199 cases) as their chief complaints. The clinical courses of the disease were classified as transient (294 cases), stricture (17 cases), gangrenous (2 cases), and indeterminate types (51 cases). Although IC tended to occur less frequently in winter, the seasonal difference was not significant. Conclusion There is currently no evidence for seasonal variation in hospital admissions for IC.
Synergistic antibacterial effects of herbal extracts and antibiotics on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A computational and experimental study
Authors: Kuok Chiu-Fai , Hoi Sai-On , Hoi Chi-Fai , Chan Chi-Hong , Fong Io-Hong , Ngok Cheong-Kei , Meng Li-Rong , Fong Pedro 
Published: January 2017

Antibiotic resistance has become a serious global concern, and the discovery of antimicrobial herbal constituents may provide valuable solutions to overcome the problem. In this study, the effects of therapies combining antibiotics and four medicinal herbs on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were investigated. Specifically, the synergistic effects of Magnolia officinalis, Verbena officinalis, Momordica charantia, and Daphne genkwa in combination with oxacillin or gentamicin against methicillin-resistant (ATCC43300) and methicillin-susceptible (ATCC25923) S. aureus were examined. In vitro susceptibility and synergistic testing were performed to measure the minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index of the antibiotics and medicinal herbs against MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus. To identify the active constituents in producing these synergistic effects, in silico molecular docking was used to investigate the binding affinities of 139 constituents of the four herbs to the two common MRSA inhibitory targets, penicillin binding proteins 2a (PBP2a) and 4 (PBP4). The physicochemical and absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion properties and drug safety profiles of these compounds were also analyzed. D. genkwa extract potentiated the antibacterial effects of oxacillin against MRSA, as indicated by an FIC index value of 0.375. M. officinalis and V. officinalis produced partial synergistic effects when combined with oxacillin, whereas M. charantia was found to have no beneficial effects in inhibiting MRSA. Overall, tiliroside, pinoresinol, magnatriol B, and momorcharaside B were predicted to be PBP2a or PBP4 inhibitors with good drug-like properties. This study identifies compounds that deserve further investigation with the aim of developing therapeutic agents to modulate the effect of antibiotics on MRSA. Impact statement Antibiotic resistant is a well-known threat to global health and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most significant ones. These resistant bacteria kill thousands of people every year and therefore a new effective antimicrobial treatment is necessary. This study identified the herbs and their associated bioactive ingredients that can potential the effects of current antibiotics. These herbs have long history of human usage in China and have well-defined monograph in the Chinese Pharmacopeia. These indicate their relatively high clinical safety and may have a quicker drug development process than that of a new novel antibiotic. Based on the results of this study, the authors will perform further in vitro and animal studies, aiming to accumulate significant data for the application of clinical trial.
The Foot Orthoses versus Hip eXercises (FOHX) trial for patellofemoral pain: a protocol for a randomized clinical trial to determine if foot mobility is associated with better outcomes from foot orthoses
Authors: Matthews Mark , Rathleff Michael Skovdal , Claus Andrew , McPoil Tom , Nee Robert , Crossley Kay , Kasza Jessica , Paul Sanjoy , Mellor Rebecca , Vicenzino Bill 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundPatellofemoral pain (PFP) is a prevalent, often recalcitrant and multifactorial knee pain condition. One method to optimize treatment outcome is to tailor treatments to the patient's presenting characteristics. Foot orthoses and hip exercises are two such treatments for PFP with proven efficacy yet target different ends of the lower limb with different proposed mechanisms of effect. These treatments have not been compared head‐to‐head, so there is a dearth of evidence for which to use clinically. Only foot orthoses have been explored for identifying patient characteristics that might predict a beneficial effect with either of these two treatments. Preliminary evidence suggests patients will do well with foot orthoses if they have a midfoot width in weight bearing that is ≥ 11 mm more than in non‐weight bearing, but this has yet to be verified in a study that includes a comparator treatment and an adequate sample size. This trial will determine if: (i) hip exercises are more efficacious than foot orthoses, and (ii) greater midfoot width mobility will be associated with success with foot orthoses, when compared to hip exercises.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty participants, aged 18–40 years, with a clinical diagnosis of PFP will be randomly allocated with a 1:1 ratio to receive foot orthoses or progressive resisted hip exercises, and stratified into two subgroups based on their presenting midfoot width mobility (high mobility defined as ≥11 mm). The primary outcome will be a 7‐point Likert scale for global rating of change. All analyses will be conducted on an intention‐to‐treat basis using regression models.DiscussionThis trial is designed to compare the efficacy of foot orthoses versus hip exercise, as well as to determine if high midfoot width mobility is associated with better outcomes with foot orthoses when compared to hip exercises. Results of this trial will assist clinicians in optimising the management of those with PFP by testing whether a simple measure of midfoot width mobility can help to determine which patients are most likely to benefit from foot orthoses.Trial registrationThis trial is registered on the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ACTRN12614000260628)
The experience of foot problems and decisions to access foot care in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study
Authors: Wilson Oonagh , Kirwan John , Dures Emma , Quest Enid , Hewlett Sarah 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough foot problems are common in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the consequences of foot problems from the patient perspective have not been fully explored. The aims of this study were to explore the experience of foot problems and decisions to access foot care services or not in patients with RA.MethodsSemi structured, one‐to‐one interviews with patients recruited from 2 UK rheumatology units, purposively sampled for self‐reported foot problems and a range of personal/disease characteristics. Inductive thematic analysis was used, with rigour provided by multiple independent analysers. Emerging themes were discussed and agreed by all authors.ResultsTwelve patients participated: 7 female; mean age 56 years (29–72); mean disease duration 12 years (2–27), 5 had accessed foot care services. The ‘Impact’ of foot problems was substantial and formed the underpinning theme, comprising three organising themes: ‘Foot symptoms'; ‘Consequences'; and ‘Cost’. Foot symptoms such as pain and numbness required self‐management, and affected daily life (walking, working) leading to social and emotional costs. The global theme, ‘Decision to access foot care or not’, also comprised three organising themes: ‘Access perceived unnecessary’ (no problem, can cope); ‘Access hindered by patients' perception’; and ‘Access supported by patient and clinician’. Decisions to access foot care or not were complex and influenced by patient beliefs regarding possible treatments and how to access these, and hindered by patient perceptions that their feet were ignored by rheumatology clinicians. Positive experience of foot care encouraged continued utilisation but negative experiences contributed to patients' decisions to discontinue foot care services.ConclusionsFoot problems are important issues for patients and impact on many aspects of their physical, social and emotional lives. Patients who had accessed foot care services prioritised their foot problems as an important health care need. However, for others who would like foot care services, personal knowledge and values, and perceived barriers in clinical practice, appear to interact to inhibit foot care access. The extent which these interactions affect overall access to foot care in RA patients in general now needs to be quantified to help to inform and improve the effectiveness of the organisation and delivery of foot care.
Hidden library: visualizing fragments of medieval manuscripts in early-modern bookbindings with mobile macro-XRF scanner
Authors: Duivenvoorden Jorien R. , Käyhkö Anna , Kwakkel Erik , Dik Joris 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
This experiment demonstrates the large potential of macro-XRF imaging for the visualization of fragments of medieval manuscripts hidden in early–modern bookbindings. The invention of the printing press in the fifteenth century made manuscripts obsolete and bookbinders started recycling their strong parchment leaves to reinforce bindings of printed books. One in roughly every five early-modern books contains a fragment of a medieval manuscript hidden underneath the bookbinding. Systematically investigating these fragments will provide scholars with valuable information about transmission and variant readings of medieval texts. Four case studies were scanned with a Bruker M6 Jetstream mobile XRF scanner. We were able to visualize hidden texts underneath black paint, paper and parchment at such a high resolution that they could be read and dated. One of the findings was an early twelfth-century excerpt of a text by the Venerable Bede in a sixteenth-century bookbinding. In addition, we were able to separately visualize the lower and upper text of a famous palimpsest. The main limitation of the current set-up is the scanning time, which took anywhere between 6 and 66 h. In order to systematically employ macro-XRF for researching medieval fragments, the scanning time needs to be decreased. Nonetheless, this experiment shows that the macro-XRF technique is extremely suitable for visualizing fragments of medieval manuscripts in a non-destructive way in order to read, date and localize them.
In-situ tool wear monitoring and its effects on the performance of porcine cortical bone drilling: a comparative in-vitro investigation
Authors: Gupta Vishal , Pandey Pulak M. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Background
Drilling is one of the most widely used process in orthopaedic surgical operation and the same drill bit is used a number of times in hospitals. Using the same drill bit a several times may be the cause of osteosynthesis and osteonecrosis.

Methods
In the present work, the effect of repeated orthopaedic surgical twist drill bit on the tool wear, force, torque, temperature and chip morphology during porcine cortical bone drilling is studied. Results were compared with rotary ultrasonic drilling (RUD) on the same bone using a hollow drill tool coated with diamond grains. A sequence of 200 experiments (100 with each process, RUD and CD) were performed with constant process parameters.

Results
Wear area on the drill bit is significantly increased as the drill bit is used repeatedly in CD, whereas no attritious wear was found on the diamond coated grains in RUD.

Conclusions
Comparative results showed that cutting force, torque and temperature increased as a function of tool wear in CD as the same drill bit was used a number of times. No significant variation in the cutting force and torque was observed in RUD as the number of drilled holes increased.
Synthesis of POSS Derivatives Having Dual Types of Alkyl Substituents and Their Application as a Molecular Filler for Low-Refractive and Highly Durable Materials
Authors: Ueda Kazunari , Tanaka Kazuo , Chujo Yoshiki 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The preparation of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) derivatives possessing different types of alkyl substituents and their application as a molecular filler for simultaneously lowering refractive indices and enhancing thermal and mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) are described. The modified POSS derivatives were prepared in situ through sol–gel reactions in the presence of two types of alkylsilanes. The products had molecular distributions originating from the formation of cubic and pentagonal prism structures and variable introduction ratios of alkyl substituents. Owing to the reduction of symmetry, the POSS fillers showed high miscibility with PMMA. From optical and thermal measurements, it was demonstrated that the POSS fillers with dual types of substituents can lower refractive indices (RIs) of PMMA matrices and enhance thermal and mechanical properties.
AlBr3-Mediated Tandem Cyclization–Carboxylation of Allenylbenzenes with CO2 in the Presence of Pyridines
Authors: Tanaka Shinya , Chiba Masafumi , Saito Yuki , Yamamoto Takaya , Hattori Tetsutaro 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Indene-2-carboxylic acids are prepared from allenylbenzenes and CO2 by an AlBr3-mediated tandem reaction consisting of intramolecular Friedel–Crafts alkylation of allenylbenzenes and subsequent carbonation of the resulting indenylaluminum species. The reaction requires 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine or 2,6-diiodopyridine to neutralize an acidic by-product without deactivating the Lewis acid.
D–π–A Dyes with an Intramolecular B–N Coordination Bond as a Key Scaffold for Electronic Structural Tuning and Their Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells
Authors: Shimogawa Hiroyuki , Endo Masaru , Taniguchi Takuhiro , Nakaike Yumi , Kawaraya Masahide , Segawa Hiroshi , Murata Yasujiro , Wakamiya Atsushi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
A series of D–π–A dyes (AK1–5) was designed and synthesized for applications in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). AK1–5 contain triphenylamines as electron donors (D), bithiophene π-spacers, boryl-substituted thienylthiazole as electron acceptors (A), and carboxylic acid derivatives as anchor groups. Electrochemical and photophysical measurements on AK1–5 revealed that the use of boryl-substituted thienylthiazole moieties with intramolecular B–N coordination bonds effectively increases the electron-accepting ability of such dyes. The electronic effects of the substituents on the boron center, as well as those of the anchor group enable fine-tuning of the LUMO level, which leads to red shift of the absorption bands of these dyes. Subsequently, DSSCs based on AK1–5 were fabricated, and their performance was examined in terms of the relationship between their electronic structure and the absorption range for photon-to-electricity conversion.
Game Theory Approach to Stakeholder Management in Small-Scaled Projects
Authors: ��������  , Borovkov Maxim 
Published: January 2017

The principles of Game Theory and the games that emerge as a result
are academically intriguing and can help us consider various strategies for
interacting with the people around, especially those in the professional settings.
Effective communication has always been a key to building a successful
project management process. This research serves as an attempt
to close the gap between game-theoretic way of thinking and existing project
management models. In more detail, my research aims at creating a
consistent framework for a stakeholder analysis, implementing some tactics,
tools and techniques from mathematical analysis of cooperation and
conflict. The research goal is going to be achieved by implementing the
bounded ethnography method based on inductive approach. The results of
the study elaborate on the possible applicability and significance of Game
Theory in the project environment and provide project managers with a
powerful extension of traditional stakeholder analysis. Generated Stakeholder
Calibration Framework (SCF) is the final research outcome.
System of Schoolchildren Giftedness Training: Methodological Aspect and Practice
Authors: Петерсон  , Peterson L. , Абатурова  , Abaturova Valentina , Кубышева  , Kubysheva M. 
Published: January 2017

The article presents a new approach to the work with talented children — “training” of giftedness on the bases of methodology of the general theory of
activity (G.P. Shchedrovitsky, O.S. Anisimov, etc.) and activity method (L.G. Peterson). The article describes a range of innovative technical and didactic
tools, which help in growing of each student’s talent, based on the continuity of the educational process, it also presents the practical testing results of
mentioned tools in various types of secondary schools (e.g. training of mathematical genius).
Intervenção com atividade física em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde - Projeto UBS+Ativa: Aspectos metodológicos
Authors: Galliano Leony , Seus Thamires , Peixoto Márcio , Silva William , Silveira Denise , Del Vecchio Fabrício , Hallal Pedro , Siqueira Fernando 
Published: January 2017

O Sistema Único de Saúde é o principal meio de acesso à saúde em nível populacional. A prática atividade física regular é reconhecidamente comportamento capaz de prevenir doenças crônicas e interage de forma positiva com outras estratégias comportamentais de promoção da saúde. O objetivo deste estudo é descrever a metodologia do Projeto UBS+Ativa, programa de intervenção com atividade física em Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) localizada em Pelotas/RS. A intervenção é baseada em quatro atividades específicas: a) Estudo de linha de base; b) Atividade de divulgação; c) Grupo de atividade física orientada; d) Atendimento ambulatorial. Na linha de base, foram entrevistadas 601 residentes da área de abrangência da UBS. A divulgação do projeto visava recrutar participantes para o grupo de atividade física e para o atendimento ambulatorial individualizado; >2.500 folhetos foram distribuídos. Também, 470 pacientes foram abordados na sala de espera e receberam uma explicação presencial sobre o projeto e a importância da atividade física para a saúde. As aulas coletivas e o atendimento ambulatorial ocorrem três vezes por semana. Tal intervenção tem o potencial para ser ampliados localmente e nacionalmente.