bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perirhinal accumulation of neuronal alpha‐synuclein in a multiple system atrophy patient with dementia
Authors: Saito Mari , Hara Makoto , Ebashi Momoko , Morita Akihiko , Okada Kyoko , Homma Taku , Sugitani Masahiko , Endo Kentaro , Uchihara Toshiki , Kamei Satoshi 
Published: April 2017

We report the case of a 79‐year‐old Japanese woman who developed cerebellar ataxia followed by rigidity, dysautonomia and cognitive disorders, and was thus clinically diagnosed as having possible MSA with dementia. Neuropathological findings demonstrated not only olivopontocerebellar and striatonigral degeneration with frequent glial cytoplasmic inclusions (GCIs), but also degenerative changes in the parahippocampal region, accentuated in the anterior portion of perirhinal cortex, where neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions (NCIs) and NFTs were numerous while GCIs were limited. NCIs were frequent in the deep layer, whereas NFTs were more frequent in superficial cortical layers. Other hippocampal subregions including subiculum, dentate fascia and cornu ammonis were minimally involved. NCIs in the perirhinal cortex showed intense argyrophilia with the Campbell‐Switzer silver impregnation method, but not argyrophilic with the Gallyas method. Most neuronal alpha‐synuclein aggregates in dendrosomatic fraction formed globular/tadpole‐like, and ultrastructurally comprised granular‐coated fine fibrils 12–24 nm in diameter. To the best of our knowledge, alpha‐synuclein‐related neuronal pathology localized in the perirhinal region without hippocampal involvement has not been previously reported in MSA, and may provide clues to elucidate how neuronal pathology evolves in the hippocampal/parahippocampal regions in MSA, particularly in cases with dementia.
Genetic alterations in mesiodens as revealed by targeted next‐generation sequencing and gene co‐occurrence network analysis
Authors: Kim Y Y , Hwang J , Kim H‐S , Kwon H J , Kim S , Lee J H , Lee J H 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveMesiodens is the most common type of supernumerary tooth which includes a population prevalence of 0.15%–1.9%. Alongside evidence that the condition is heritable, mutations in single genes have been reported in few human supernumerary tooth cases. Gene sequencing methods in tradition way are time‐consuming and labor‐intensive, whereas next‐generation sequencing and bioinformatics are cost‐effective for large samples and target sizes.Materials and MethodsWe describe the application of a targeted next‐generation sequencing (NGS) and bioinformatics approach to samples from 17 mesiodens patients. Subjects were diagnosed on the basis of panoramic radiograph. A total of 101 candidate genes which were captured custom genes were sequenced on the Illumina HiSeq 2500. Multistep bioinformatics processing was performed including variant identification, base calling, and in silico analysis of putative disease‐causing variants.ResultsTargeted capture identified 88 non‐synonymous, rare, exonic variants involving 42 of the 101 candidate genes. Moreover, we investigated gene co‐occurrence relationships between the genomic alterations and identified 88 significant relationships among 18 most recurrent driver alterations.ConclusionOur search for co‐occurring genetic alterations revealed that such alterations interact cooperatively to drive mesiodens. We discovered a gene co‐occurrence network in mesiodens patients with functionally enriched gene groups in the sonic hedgehog (SHH), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP), and wingless integrated (WNT) signaling pathways.
Comparison of sedation by intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral chloral hydrate for pediatric ophthalmic examination
Authors: Cao Qianzhong , Lin Yiquan , Xie Zhubin , Shen Weihua , Chen Ying , Gan Xiaoliang , Liu Yizhi 
Published: April 2017

SummaryBackground and aimPediatric ophthalmic examinations can be conducted under sedation either by chloral hydrate or by dexmedetomidine. The objective was to compare the success rates and quality of ophthalmic examination of children sedated by intranasal dexmedetomidine vs oral chloral hydrate.MethodsOne hundred and forty‐one children aged from 3 to 36 months (5–15 kg) scheduled to ophthalmic examinations were randomly sedated by either intranasal dexmedetomidine (2 μg·kg−1, n = 71) or oral chloral hydrate (80 mg·kg−1, n = 70). The primary endpoint was successful sedation to complete the examinations including slit‐lamp photography, tonometry, anterior segment analysis, and refractive error inspection. The secondary endpoints included quality of eye position, intraocular pressure, onset time, duration of examination, recovery time, discharge time, any side effects during examination, and within 48 h after discharge.ResultsSixty‐one children were sedated by dexmedetomidine with a success rate of 85.9%, which is significantly higher than that by chloral hydrate (64.3%) [OR 3.39, 95% CI: 1.48–7.76, P = 0.003]. Furthermore, children in the dexmedetomidine group displayed better eye position in anterior segment analysis than in chloral hydrate group median difference. All children displayed stable hemodynamics and none suffered hypoxemia in both groups. Oral chloral hydrate induced higher percentages of vomiting and altered bowel habit after discharge than dexmedetomidine.ConclusionsIntranasal dexmedetomidine provides more successful sedation and better quality of ophthalmic examinations than oral chloral hydrate for small children.
Acute masseter dystonia in a pediatric patient receiving aripiprazole and methylphenidate following induction of general anesthesia
Authors: LeRiger Michelle , Williams Jasper , Duncan‐Wiebe Greta , Shukry Mohanad 
Published: April 2017

SummaryAn 11‐year‐old male receiving aripiprazole, methylphenidate, and clonidine developed acute masseter dystonia inhibiting tracheal intubation after induction of general anesthesia with propofol and rocuronium. Following emergence, he had trismus and jaw discomfort. Psychiatry consultation suspected an acute dystonic reaction, so diphenhydramine was administered intravenously which resolved symptoms. We suspect chronic aripiprazole and methylphenidate usage combined with propofol administration in the short‐term absence of methylphenidate made this patient susceptible to dystonic reactions.
Diffusion tensor imaging tractography study in bipolar disorder patients compared to first‐degree relatives and healthy controls
Authors: Mahapatra Ananya , Khandelwal Sudhir K. , Sharan Pratap , Garg Ajay , Mishra Nalini K. 
Published: April 2017

AimWe aimed to compare white matter structural changes in specific tracts by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) I, non‐ill first‐degree relatives (FDR) of the patients, and healthy controls (HC).MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, we studied right‐handed subjects consisting of 16 euthymic BD I patients, 15 FDR, and 15 HC. The anterior thalamic radiation, uncinate fasciculus, corpus callosum, and cingulum bundle were reconstructed by DTI tractography. Mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared for group differences followed by post‐hoc analysis.ResultsThe three groups did not differ in terms of sociodemographic variables. There were significant group differences in the FA values among the BD I patients, their FDR, and the HC for the corpus callosum, the dorsal part of the right cingulum bundle, the hippocampal part of the cingulum bundle bilaterally, and the uncinate fasciculus (P < 0.001). The FA values in the patients were significantly lower than in controls, and FDR also showed similar differences; however, they were smaller than those in patients. No significant difference was found between the groups for FA values of the dorsal part of the left cingulum bundle and anterior thalamic radiation. Significant differences were present for ADC values among the groups for the corpus callosum, the dorsal and hippocampal parts of the cingulum, anterior thalamic radiation, and uncinate fasciculus bilaterally (P < 0.01). The FA and ADC values did not correlate significantly with age or any clinical variables.ConclusionThese findings suggest that BD patients and their FDR show alterations in microstructural integrity of white matter tracts, compared to the healthy population.
Primary nocturnal enuresis: Assessment and treatment at a single referral center
Authors: Arena Salvatore , Patricolo Mario 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of primary monosymptomatic and non‐monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PMNE and PNMNE) and associated factors in a major referral center for NE in Abu Dhabi.MethodsChildren referred to the Paediatric Continence Clinic, between 2014 and 2016, for PNE were included in the study. Exclusion criteria were neuropathic bladder, abnormality of the bladder and bowel, urethral stenosis, neurological and psychiatric problems, non‐completion of the diagnostic protocol, and follow up <6 months.ResultsA total of 128 patients were included in the study: 82 boys (64.1%) and 46 girls (35.9%). A total of 42.7% of boys and 8.7% of girls had PMNE, and 57.3% of boys and 91.3% of girls had PNMNE. Constipation was present in 46% of patients. In the male PNMNE group, 74.5% had overactive bladder (OAB), 10.6%, dysfunctional voiding (DV); and 14.9%, OAB + DV. In the female PNMNE group, 35.7% had OAB; 21.4%, DV; 40.5%, OAB + DV; and 2.4%, underactive bladder. A total of 97% and 86 of children with PMNE and PNMNE, respectively, had resolution of NE. Boys had a significantly higher incidence of PMNE, and girls, of DV.ConclusionIn Abu Dhabi, NE is often associated with bladder dysfunction or DV, mostly in girls, and with constipation. High intake of dry, low fiber foods, along with hot weather and the stress of city living negatively affect the incidence of fecal retention and of NE. A multimodal approach, including the treatment of constipation, led to a satisfactory resolution of PNE in almost 90% of cases.
Characterization of mesenchymal stem cells in bovine endometrium during follicular phase of oestrous cycle
Authors: Lara E , Rivera N , Rojas D , Rodríguez‐Alvarez LL , Castro FO 
Published: April 2017

ContentsStem cells have been postulated as responsible for cell regeneration in highly and continuously regenerative tissues such as the endometrium. Few studies in cattle have identified and specified the presence of stem cells in the endometrium during the oestrous cycle. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bovine endometrium during the follicular phase (FP) of the oestrous cycle. Uterine tissue was collected in the time‐frame comprising day 18 of the cycle and ovulation (day 0). We isolated, cultured and expanded four primary cell lines from endometrium and identified byRT‐qPCR the expression of OCT4, SOX2 but not NANOG (undifferentiated/embryonic markers), CD44 (MSCs marker) and c‐KIT (stem cell marker) genes; and the encoded Oct4, Sox2 and Cd44 proteins by Western blot or immunostaining of paraffin‐embedded tissue in endometrium. We demonstrated that cells isolated from bovine endometrium displayed essentially the same gene expression pattern; however, at the protein level, Oct4 and Cd44 were not detected. Besides, they showed typical functional characteristics of MSCs such as fibroblast‐like morphology, plastic adherence, high proliferative capacity, clone formation in vitro and the ability to differentiate into chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineages. We obtained for the first time an extensive characterization of undifferentiated cells populations contained in the bovine endometrium during the FP of the oestrous cycle.
Protein sumoylation and phosphorylation intersect in Arabidopsis signaling
Authors: Nukarinen Ella , Tomanov Konstantin , Ziba Ionida , Weckwerth Wolfram , Bachmair Andreas 
Published: April 2017

SummaryConjugation of the small ubiquitin‐related modifier (SUMO) to protein substrates has an impact on stress responses and on development. We analyzed the proteome and phosphoproteome of mutants in this pathway. The mutants chosen had defects in SUMO ligase SIZ1, which catalyzes attachment of single SUMO moieties onto substrates, and in ligases PIAL1 and PIAL2, which are known to form SUMO chains. A total of 2657 proteins and 550 phosphopeptides were identified and quantified. Approximately 40% of the proteins and 20% of the phosphopeptides showed differences in abundance in at least one of the analyzed genotypes, demonstrating the influence of SUMO conjugation on protein abundance and phosphorylation. The data show that PIAL1 and PIAL2 are integral parts of the SUMO conjugation system with an impact on stress response, and confirm the involvement of SIZ1 in plant defense. We find a high abundance of predicted SUMO attachment sites in phosphoproteins (70% versus 40% in the total proteome), suggesting convergence of phosphorylation and sumoylation signals onto a set of common targets.
Offshore Wind Energy: Good Practice in Impact Assessment, Mitigation and Compensation
Authors: Lüdeke Jens 
Published: April 2017

Aiming towards good practice in the planning and approval of offshore wind farms suggestions are provided for the amendment of environmental impact assessment (EIA), an effective marine spatial planning and the establishment of marine compensation measure. The investigation is focused on the situation in Germany as a frontrunner in ecological research on offshore wind energy. After 10 years of research in Germany, it is timely to offer a synopsis of the results especially regarding the successful investigations of mitigation measures. The results are based on published data collected in Germany over the last 10 years, as well as international research. The outcomes of the research were validated by interviewing experts using the Delphi method.Key findings for good practice in impact assessment, mitigation and compensation:1. EIAs should focus on decision-relevant subjects of protection (i.e. specific bird species and harbour porpoises). 2. There is a strong necessity for thresholds for the approval process. 3. Exclusion of OWFs in hotspots of sensitive species. 4. Application of state-of-the-art mitigation measures particularly against underwater noise to avoid damages of the hearing of porpoises. 5. The introduction of marine compensation measures is strongly suggested.
De volta à Argélia: a encruzilhada etnossociológica de Bourdieu
Authors: Peters Gabriel Moura 
Published: April 2017

Os anos de aprendizado “etnossociológico” de Pierre Bourdieu na sociedade argelina têm sido objeto de um interesse acadêmico renovado. Inspirado por questões oriundas dessa literatura recente, o presente artigo explora, primeiramente, como as experiências de Bourdieu em uma Argélia atravessada pela guerra influenciaram os princípios teóricos e metodológicos de sua sociologia madura. Em segundo lugar, o texto mostra que os escritos bourdieusianos de juventude sobre as turbulências históricas por ele presenciadas naquela sociedade exibem temas e perspectivas que destoam das imagens mais comuns do seu trabalho: o assentimento prático à dominação característico da “violência simbólica” dá lugar à resistência aberta, a "cumplicidade ontológica” entre disposições subjetivas e circunstâncias objetivas dá lugar ao seu descompasso histórico, enquanto a suspeição de princípio diante das representações dos agentes leigos dá lugar a uma alta confiança analítica em longos testemunhos pessoais. Conectando as investigações sociológicas de Bourdieu ao seu uso da fotografia, a terceira seção examina as múltiplas funções que a prática de tirar fotos desempenhou em suas excursões etnográficas a comunidades argelinas. Por fim, o ensaio apresenta a conexão entre motivos da teoria da modernização e das teorias do (neo) colonialismo como uma das primeiras sínteses operadas por Bourdieu em sua carreira intelectual.
Invisibilidades cruzadas: uma aproximação ao conceito de o momento decisivo de Henri Cartier-Bresson
Authors: Menezes Paulo 
Published: April 2017

Este artigo analisa o que se pode conceber como o conceito de o momento decisivo de Henri Cartier-Bresson, tendo em vista a proliferação de interpretações que as palavras “momento decisivo” guardam em relação ao conceito cunhado por ele. Para investigar a raiz desse conceito analisam-se algumas de suas fotos em referência a outras imagens da história da arte, como o casal Arnolfini, de Van Eyck, a natureza morta, de Willen Kalf, e as pinturas de Vermeer, além das fotografias de Diane Arbus.
Olhando a obra de Raul Lino, a pensar em Frank Lloyd Wright: partindo do Arts & Crafts, com a natureza, o orgânico e a casa
Authors: Fernandes José Manuel 
Published: April 2017

Analisa-se comparativamente a obra de Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959), norte-americano, e de Raul Lino (1879-1974), português – dois arquitectos (quase) contemporâneos, cada um deles expoente na cultura e na sociedade, no seu tempo e no seu espaço de vida e obra. Faz-se o enquadramento, refere-se o contexto históricocultural e os antecedentes da 1ª. época criativa destes autores. Neste quadro referem-se as obras de John Ruskin e de William Morris, criadores do Arts & Crafts, bem como as características deste movimento artístico – tal como as continuações do A&C, no final do séc XIX, na América e na Europa – da Deutscher Werkbund a Sullivan e a Berlage. Sobre Wright e Lino apresenta-se o seu “entendimento do mundo”: os seus temas conceptuais e arquitectónicos, bem como os movimentos estético-culturais associados – “Organic Architecture” e “Casa Portuguesa”. Apresentam-se e analisam-se os “seis princípios” de Wright e os “seis princípios” de Lino – salientando os aspectos comuns às concepções de ambos os autores. Descrevem-se e exemplificam-se alguns temas e materiais arquitectónicos definidores e comuns, na primeira fase das obras de Wright e de Lino – como o Arco redondo em tijolo nos vãos e a Lareira na sala principal. Estuda-se a concepção da casa, como um todo, nas suas semelhanças e contrastes, em obras concretas dos dois autores. Apresenta-se e analisa-se um tema parcial em obras específicas de ambos os autores: os arcos irradiantes e as arcarias de volta perfeita nos vãos da fachada; bem como o tratamento de uma peça concreta, a lareira. Termina-se com tópicos conclusivos.
As ideias-guia de Bernardo Secchi
Authors: Valva Milena D'Ayala 
Published: April 2017

Esse artigo apresenta os aspectos principais da contribuição teórico-projetual do urbanista italiano Bernardo Secchi (1934-2014). Desde a década de 1980 Secchi passou a contribuir ativamente com a publicação de textos em revistas, com pesquisas no Instituto Universitário de Arquitetura de Veneza (IUAV), e com a elaboração de planos e projetos em parceria com a arquiteta Paola Viganò, fazendo das cidades um grande laboratório. A sua produção evidencia uma troca permanente entre pesquisa e experimentação, marcada pelo uso intencional de imagens como maneira de interpretar o mundo e de projetar a cidade. Para esse trabalho foram escolhidos três conceitos principais da obra de Bernardo Secchi, três “ideias-guias”, um termo inspirado no trabalho do próprio Secchi, cujo significado é o de identificar conceitos que podem se tornar um instrumento para o planejamento e para ações concretas no espaço.
Wave–Mean-Flow Interactions in Moist Baroclinic Life Cycles
Authors: Yamada Ray , Pauluis Olivier 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Previous studies show that the moist Eliassen–Palm (EP) flux captures a greater eddy momentum exchange through form drag than the dry EP flux in the midlatitude climate. This suggests that the eddy moisture flux acts to decrease the baroclinicity of the zonal jet. This study investigates such a mechanism in moist baroclinic life cycles, which are simulated in an idealized general circulation model with large-scale condensation as the only moist process. The runs are analyzed using a linear diagnostic based on the Kuo–Eliassen equation to decompose the jet change into parts driven by individual forcing terms. It is shown that the wave-induced latent heating drives an indirect Eulerian-mean cell on the equatorward flank of the jet, which acts to reduce the baroclinicity in that region. The eddy sensible heat fluxes act to reduce the baroclinicity near the center of the jet. The moist baroclinic forcing strengthens as the amount of initially available moisture increases.
The effect of the eddy moisture flux on the transformed Eulerian-mean (TEM) and isentropic dynamics is also considered. It is shown that the circulation and EP flux on moist isentropes is around 4 times as strong and extends farther equatorward than on dry isentropes. The equatorward extension of the moist EP flux coincides with the region where the baroclinic forcing is driven by latent heating. The moist EP flux successfully captures the moisture-driven component of the baroclinic forcing that is not seen in the dry EP flux.
Evaluation of Cloud Liquid Water Path Trends Using a Multidecadal Record of Passive Microwave Observations
Authors: Manaster Andrew , O’Dell Christopher W. , Elsaesser Gregory 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn this study, observed cloud liquid water path (LWP) trends from the Multisensor Advanced Climatology of Liquid Water Path (MAC-LWP) dataset (1988–2014) are compared to trends computed from the temporally coincident records of 16 global climate models (GCMs) participating in phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). For many regions, observed trend magnitudes are several times larger than the corresponding model mean trend magnitudes. Muted model mean trends are thought to be the result of cancellation effects arising from differing interannual variability characteristics and differences in model physics–dynamics. In most regions, the majority of modeled trends were statistically consistent with the observed trends. This was thought to be because of large estimated errors in both the observations and the models due to interannual variability. Over the southern oceans (south of 40°S latitude), general agreement between the observed trend and virtually all GCM trends is also found (about 1–2 g m−2 decade−1). Observed trends are also compared to those from the Atmospheric Model Intercomparison Project (AMIP). Like the CMIP5 models, the majority of modeled AMIP trends were statistically consistent with the observed trends. It was also found that, in regions where the AMIP model mean time series better captures observed interannual variability, it tends to better capture the magnitude of the observed trends.