bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Overcoming disintermediation: a call for librarians to learn to use web service APIs
Authors: Adams Jr Richard Manly 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to argue that academic librarians must learn to use web service APIs and to introduce APIs to a non-technical audience.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is a viewpoint that argues for the importance of APIs by identifying the shifting paradigms of libraries in the digital age. Showing that the primary function of librarians will be to share and curate digital content, the paper shows that APIs empower a librarian to do that.FindingsThe implementation of web service APIs is within the reach of librarians who are not trained as software developers. Online documentation and free courses offer sufficient training for librarians to learn these new ways of sharing and curating digital content.Research limitations/implicationsThe argument of this paper depends upon an assumption of a shift in the paradigm of libraries away from collections of materials to access points of information. The need for libraries to learn APIs depends upon a new role for librarians that anecdotal evidence supports is rising.Practical implicationsBy learning a few technical skills, librarians can help patrons find relevant information within a world of proliferating information sources.Originality/valueThe literature on APIs is highly technical and overwhelming for those without training in software development. This paper translates technical language for those who have not programmed before.
Debt of high-income consumers may reflect leverage rather than poor cognitive reflection
Authors: Da Silva Sergio , Da Costa Jr Newton , Matsushita Raul , Vieira Cristiana , Correa Ana , De Faveri Dinorá 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
A recent population-wide study for Germany, where credit lines on current accounts are available to 80 percent of the population, finds that overdraft debt is more likely for people who give intuitive but incorrect answers on a cognitive reflection test. This suggests that those consumers in debt have poorer cognitive reflection and, thus, lack of self-control. The Germany study finds that “surprisingly, the level of income does not play a central role.” The purpose of this paper is to discriminate the consumers in terms of their income by considering two experiments.

Design/methodology/approach
In the first (pilot) experiment, the authors do not discriminate consumers in terms of income and, as result, replicate the Germany study. In a follow-up experiment, which assembles a high-quality sample of high-income consumers, the authors find debt can no longer be explained by poor cognitive reflection.

Findings
Apparently, high-income consumers treat debt as mere leverage, as companies do.

Originality/value
Not all consumer indebtedness can be caused by lack of self-control. High-income consumers are likely to contract debt as leverage. This resembles rational risk taking.
iPad applications that required a range of motor skills promoted motor coordination in children commencing primary school
Authors: Axford Caitlin , Joosten Annette V. , Harris Courtenay 
Published: January 2018

Background/aimChildren are reported to spend less time engaged in outdoor activity and object‐related play than in the past. The increased use and mobility of technology, and the ease of use of tablet devices are some of the factors that have contributed to these changes. Concern has been raised that the use of such screen and surface devices in very young children is reducing their fine motor skill development. We examined the effectiveness of iPad applications that required specific motor skills designed to improve fine motor skills.MethodWe conducted a two‐group non‐randomised controlled trial with two pre‐primary classrooms (53 children; 5–6 years) in an Australian co‐educational school, using a pre‐ and post‐test design. The effectiveness of 30 minutes daily use of specific iPad applications for 9 weeks was compared with a control class. Children completed the Beery Developmental Test of Visual Motor Integration (VMI) and observation checklist, the Shore Handwriting Screen, and self‐care items from the Hawaii Early Learning Profile.ResultsOn post testing, the experimental group made a statistically and clinically significant improvement on the VMI motor coordination standard scores with a moderate clinical effect size (P < 0.001; d = 0.67). Children's occupational performance in daily tasks also improved.ConclusionPreliminary evidence was gained for using the iPad, with these motor skill‐specific applications as an intervention in occupational therapy practice and as part of at home or school play.
Effect of the Prevent Alcohol and Risk‐Related Trauma in Youth (P.A.R.T.Y.) Program among senior school students
Authors: Gunn Anna , McLeod Janet , Chapman Rebecca , Ball Hayley , Fitzgerald Mark , Howard Teresa , Cameron Peter , Mitra Biswadev 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveThe Prevent Alcohol and Risk‐Related Trauma in Youth (P.A.R.T.Y.) Program at The Alfred uses vivid clinical reality to build resilience and prevent injury by following a trauma patient's journey through hospital. The present study aims to analyse the effect of P.A.R.T.Y. on safety perceptions of driving after alcohol, seat belt use and risk‐taking activities.MethodsPre‐programme, immediately post‐programme and 3–5 months post‐programme surveys with questions focused on the programme aims were distributed to all consented participants.ResultsThere were 2502 participants during the study period and 1315 (53%) responses were received. The mean age was 16.2 (SD 0.8) years, 724 (56%) were women and 892 (68%) possessed a learner's permit for driving. Pre‐programme, 1130 (86%) participants reported ‘definitely not’ likely to drive after drinking alcohol, that improved to 1231 (94%) immediately post‐programme and 1215 (93%) at 3–5 months post‐programme (P < 0.01). Designating a safe driver after drinking was reported by 1275 (97%) pre‐programme, 1295 (98%) immediately post‐programme and 1286 (98.2%) 3–5 months post‐programme (P = 0.02). The perception of sustaining ‘definite’ injury after a motor vehicle crash without a seat belt increased from 780 (60%) pre‐programme to 1051 (80%) immediately post‐programme and 886 (69%) 3–5 months post‐programme (P < 0.01). The possibility of sustaining ‘definite’ injury after risk‐taking activities was reported by 158 (12%) pre‐programme, 467 (36%) post‐programme and 306 (23%) 3–5 months post‐programme (P < 0.01).ConclusionsThe P.A.R.T.Y. Program at The Alfred engaged substantial numbers of youths and achieved significant improvements among key outcome measures. Objectives were sustained at 3–5 months post‐programme, but demonstrated decay, highlighting the importance of continual reinforcement.
The impact of EU trade preferences on the extensive and intensive margins of agricultural and food products
Authors: Scoppola Margherita , Raimondi Valentina , Olper Alessandro 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this article, we study the trade creation effects of EU preferential trade agreements (PTAs) in the agriculture and food sectors for a large sample of developing countries in the period 1990–2006. We investigate the extent to which the PTAs affect trade through the extensive margin—number of exported products—or the intensive margin—volume of existing products. We use a gravity framework in a panel data setting, and different estimators to deal with the issues of zero trade flows and the presence of an upper bound in the dependent variable. The results show that EU PTAs positively affect the extensive margin in agricultural trade, but not in processed foods. As regards the intensive margin, the effect is driven by the role of tariffs alone, whereas the other provisions of PTAs do not exert any other significant impact on agricultural or food products.
Is ultrasound measured fetal biometry predictive of intrapartum caesarean section for failure to progress?
Authors: Yang Jenny M. , Hyett Jon A. , Mcgeechan Kevin , Phipps Hala , de Vries Bradley S. 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThere are global concerns regarding excessive caesarean rates, which could be reduced by identification of risk factors leading to preventative measures such as induction of labour.AimsThis study aims to describe the association between antenatal ultrasound and emergency caesarean section for: (i) failure to progress; (ii) other indications; and (iii) any indication.Materials and MethodsWomen who had an ultrasound in pregnancy between 36(+0/7) to 38(+6/7) weeks at Royal Prince Alfred Hospital from January 2005 to June 2009 were included. Ultrasound parameters were linked to clinical parameters from the maternity database. Missing clinical data were imputed and multiple logistic regression performed.ResultsFetal biometry data were available for 2006 pregnancies. After adjusting for maternal age, height, body mass index, parity, previous caesarean section and diabetes, caesarean section for failure to progress was associated with estimated fetal weight (odds ratio (OR) 2.24 (95% CI: 1.76–2.84) per 500 g increase); or biparietal diameter (OR 1.51 (1.16–1.97) per 5 mm increase) and abdominal circumference (OR for the 4th quartile (>75th centile) compared with the 10–25th centile group was 2.09 (1.13–3.85)).* There were also non‐linear associations between components of fetal biometry and caesarean section for fetal distress and for any indication.ConclusionsComponents of fetal biometry in the third trimester are associated with intrapartum caesarean section for failure to progress. These parameters could be incorporated into models to predict emergency caesarean section which could lead to implementation of preventative strategies. *[Corrections added on 29 January 2018, after first online publication, ‘(OR for the 4th quartile (>7th centile)’ has been changed to ‘(OR for the 4th quartile (>75th centile)’.]
Economic Voting in Latin America: Rules and Responsibility
Authors: Valdini Melody E. , Lewis‐Beck Michael S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe impact of institutions on the economic vote stands as a well‐established proposition for the advanced democracies of Europe. We know less, however, regarding the institutional effects on the economic vote in the developing democracies of Latin America. Carrying out an analysis of presidential elections in 18 Latin American countries, we offer evidence that the usual Eurocentric conceptualization of the clarity of responsibility is not ideal for understanding the economic vote in this region. There does exist a powerful effect of institutions on the economic vote within Latin American democracies, but one uniquely associated with its presidential regimes and dynamic party systems. Rules for these elections—such as concurrence, term limits, and second‐round voting—suggest that we should reconceptualize the notion of the clarity of responsibility in Latin America, focusing more on individuals in power and their constraints, and less on the political parties from which they hail.
Laeverin protein expression in normal and preeclamptic placentas using tissue microarray analysis
Authors: Nystad Mona , Sitras Vasilis , Nordbakken Cecilie Valborg , Pedersen Mona Irene , Acharya Ganesh 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIntroductionLaeverin is a placenta‐specific protein that is normally expressed in the plasma membrane of human trophoblasts. In previous studies, we showed higher expression levels of laeverin gene in preeclamptic compared with normal placentas and found that laeverin protein was ectopically expressed in the cytoplasm of the preeclamptic placentas. Our objective was to investigate laeverin protein expression in normal and preeclamptic placentas combining immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.Material and methodsTissue microarray analysis of 72 placentas, obtained from 33 preeclamptic and 39 uncomplicated pregnancies, was performed. Laeverin was labeled with a specific antibody for immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies.ResultsImmunohistochemistry showed that laeverin was expressed in syncytiotrophoblasts, cytotrophoblasts and extravillous trophoblasts in all placentas examined. In preeclamptic placentas (n = 33) compared with normal placentas (n = 39), laeverin was expressed in the cell membrane in 21 (64%) vs. 21 (54%) samples (p = 0.726), in the cytoplasm in 3 (9%) vs. 2 (5%) samples (p = 0.795) and in both the cytoplasm and membrane in 9 (27%) vs. 16 (41%) samples (p = 0.0522). All placental samples that showed cytoplasmic expression of laeverin were obtained from women who delivered before 34 weeks of gestation (early‐onset preeclampsia). Further, immunofluorescence studies showed laeverin expression in the cytoplasm of six preeclamptic (three early‐onset and three late‐onset) and one normal placenta but did not reveal any simultaneous cell membrane and cytoplasmic expression of laeverin.ConclusionLaeverin is expressed in all trophoblast cell types of normal and preeclamptic placentas. Expression pattern of laeverin in trophoblast cells is heterogeneous and not necessarily membrane‐bound.
Icon arrays help younger children's proportional reasoning
Authors: Ruggeri Azzurra , Vagharchakian Laurianne , Xu Fei 
Published: January 2018

We investigated the effects of two context variables, presentation format (icon arrays or numerical frequencies) and time limitation (limited or unlimited time), on the proportional reasoning abilities of children aged 7 and 10 years, as well as adults. Participants had to select, between two sets of tokens, the one that offered the highest likelihood of drawing a gold token, that is, the set of elements with the greater proportion of gold tokens. Results show that participants performed better in the unlimited time condition. Moreover, besides a general developmental improvement in accuracy, our results show that younger children performed better when proportions were presented as icon arrays, whereas older children and adults were similarly accurate in the two presentation format conditions.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

There is a developmental improvement in proportional reasoning accuracy.

Icon arrays facilitate reasoning in adults with low numeracy.

What does this study add?

Participants were more accurate when they were given more time to make the proportional judgement.

Younger children's proportional reasoning was more accurate when they were presented with icon arrays.

Proportional reasoning abilities correlate with working memory, approximate number system, and subitizing skills.
Appearance‐based interventions to reduce UV exposure: A systematic review
Authors: Persson Sofia , Benn Yael , Dhingra Katie , Clark‐Carter David , Owen Alison L. , Grogan Sarah 
Published: January 2018

PurposeAs a majority of skin cancer cases are behaviourally preventable, it is crucial to develop effective strategies to reduce UV exposure. Health‐focused interventions have not proved to be sufficiently effective, and it has been suggested that people might be more susceptible to information about the negative effects of the sun on their appearance.MethodThis systematic review of 30 separate papers, reporting 33 individual studies published between 2005 and 2017, assesses the overall effectiveness of appearance interventions on participants' UV exposure and sun protection behaviour.ResultsAppearance‐based interventions have positive effects on sun exposure and sun protection, immediately after the intervention as well as up to 12 months afterwards. The meta‐analysis found a medium effect size on sun protection intentions for interventions which combined UV photography and photoageing information: r+ = .424; k = 3, N = 319, CI = 0.279–0.568, p = .023.ConclusionsThis review provides a current perspective on the effectiveness of appearance‐based interventions to reduce UV exposure, and also highlights methodological issues. It recommends that practitioners administer a UV photo intervention in combination with photoageing information to reduce UV exposure. Furthermore, the review specifically recommends that future research focuses on the use of theoretical constructs to enhance photoageing information and is conducted with older participants and in countries where people have less opportunity for sun exposure.
Statement of contribution

What is already known on this subject?

Appearance‐focused interventions may in some cases be more effective than health‐focused interventions in reducing UV exposure, as the underlying motivations for tanning are associated with appearance concerns.

Previous reviews and meta‐analyses have indicated that appearance‐focused interventions such as photoageing and UV photo are associated with positive effects in reducing UV exposure and/or increasing sun protection.

Previous reviews identified methodological issues with research on this topic, which included limited a priori power calculations and a general lack of long‐term follow‐ups.

What does this study add?

This review concludes that photoageing information in combination with UV photo is associated with a medium positive effect size on sun protection intentions. Photoageing can be manipulated according to theoretical constructs (e.g., Theory of Alternative Behaviours), which may contribute to its effectiveness.

Issues such as homogeneity of settings and participants and limited a priori power calculations in the included studies have been identified.

This review specifically recommends that future research is conducted in locations with less overall sun exposure, and with a more diverse participant range (e.g., more males and older participants).
Public Perception and Expectations of Biomimetics Technology: Empirical Survey of Museum Visitors in Japan
Authors: Kohsaka Ryo , Fujihira Yoshinori , Uchiyama Yuta , Kajima Shuichiro , Nomura Shuhei , Ebinger Frank 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBiomimetic is proposed as an existing or potential future technology that motivates conservation of biodiversity and environment in existing literature. However, empirical analysis is absent. To identify the public perception and expectations of biomimetics technology, questionnaire survey of museum visitors was conducted in the National Museum of Nature and Science in Japan, where the exhibition of biomimetics was held. This research identified that expectations of biomimetics were high generally for the medical applications. The expectation varies with age groups and the age over thirties tended to expect higher in the field related to environmental protection. The expectations of biomimetics were higher for all the age groups after visiting the exhibitions for both commercial use and drivers for life style changes. The results of this study provide basis of expectations and trends with different age groups which will serve as basis to understand and explore implementation of biomimetic related technology for sustainable society.
The Museum Studies Literature: Revisiting Traditional Methods of Discovery and Access, Exploring Alternatives, and Leveraging Open Access to Advance the Field
Authors: Teasdale Rebecca M. , Fruin Christine 
Published: January 2018

AbstractA decade ago, East (2008) examined the coverage of major museum studies journals by two major databases and one academic search engine, concluding that bibliographic control of the museum studies literature was inadequate and posed a barrier to further development of the field. In this article, we revisit the issues raised by East. We reevaluate the availability of core journals in museum studies through traditional venues and identify alternative access and discovery points, including academic citation search engines, journal content alerts, social media, and field‐specific websites. We then consider the open access movement and present five recommendations for leveraging open access to enhance discovery and access for the museum studies literature: maximize authors’ rights to their own content; publish scholarship in open access or hybrid journals; develop an open access fund for museum studies researchers and scholars; deposit work in open access repositories; and create new open access resources.
Memories of Manga: Impact and Nostalgic Recollections of Visiting a Manga Museum
Authors: Anderson David , Shimizu Hiroyuki , Iwasaki Shota 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study investigated the impact of a visit to a Manga museum in Japan through nostalgic recollections. Twenty‐five adult visitors were interviewed about their childhood memories of experiencing manga from reading books as well as watching anime on television following a visit to the Osamu Tezuka Manga Museum in Takarazuka, Japan. From 76 episodic and autobiographical memories, five themes of impact emerged which speak powerfully to the significant influence and power of Osamu Tezuka's manga and anime on the visitors’ lives as children, and of the power of the museum experience to unlock distant latent memories and reconnect with their own sense of self‐identity. Moreover, the visitors’ own testimony of the impact of manga continued to manifest positively in their lives to the present day as life lessons of enjoyment, morality, and intergenerational learning.
Impacts of climate, disturbance and topography on distribution of herbaceous cover in Southern California chaparral: Insights from a remote‐sensing method
Authors: Park Isaac W. , Hooper Jennifer , Flegal James M. , Jenerette G. Darrel 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAimWhile chaparral communities have historically been considered resistant to invasion and type conversion into grasslands, interacting global changes such as increased drought and anthropogenic disturbance may have reduced this resistance. Existing monitoring methods are not well‐suited to evaluate the distribution of invasive herbs and grasses within chaparral at regional scales. In this study, we determine the extent of invasions by forbs and grasses into formerly chaparral vegetation and evaluate contributions of moisture, disturbance and anthropogenic activity and topography to the distribution of herbaceous cover throughout chaparral‐dominated communities.LocationThe Angeles National Forest (ANF), California, USA.MethodsWe developed a remote‐sensing method to estimate the distribution of herbaceous cover within chaparral by leveraging intra‐annual phenological differences in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) between herbaceous forbs and grasses and evergreen shrublands using Landsat remote‐sensing imagery. The distribution of herbaceous cover was then related to multiple spatially explicit variables describing individual and interactive effects of local moisture availability and anthropogenic disturbance.ResultsHerbaceous cover represents approximately 31% of the ANF within the elevation range typically dominated by chaparral. Disturbance‐related and anthropogenic factors explained 17% of observed variation, while differences in moisture availability explained 47% of observed variation in herbaceous cover and were associated with increased invasive cover.Main conclusionsLandscapes historically dominated by chaparral may exhibit high degrees of herbaceous cover. While fire frequency and other anthropogenic disturbances are likely the primary catalyst for invasion of chaparral by herbaceous species, this study shows that moisture availability is a more important factor in determining which locations are successfully invaded. These results indicate that chaparral vulnerability to invasion in southern California may increase in the next century due to reduced precipitation associated with projected climate change.