bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Shifts in an invasive rodent community favoring Black rats (Rattus rattus) following restoration of native forest
Authors: Shiels Aaron B. , Medeiros Arthur C. , von Allmen Erica I. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractOne potential, unintended ecological consequence accompanying forest restoration is a shift in invasive animal populations, potentially impacting conservation targets. Eighteen years after initial restoration (ungulate exclusion, invasive plant control, and out planting native species) at a 4 ha site on Maui, Hawai'i, we compared invasive rodent communities in a restored native dry forest and adjacent non‐native grassland. Quarterly for 1 year, we trapped rodents on three replicate transects (107 rodent traps) in each habitat type for three consecutive nights. While repeated trapping may have reduced the rat (Black rat, Rattus rattus) population in the forest, it did not appear to reduce the mouse (House mouse, Mus musculus) population in the grassland. In unrestored grassland, mouse captures outnumbered rat captures 220:1, with mice averaging 54.9 indiv./night versus rats averaging 0.25 indiv./night. In contrast, in restored native forest, rat captures outnumbered mouse captures by nearly 5:1, averaging 9.0 indiv./night versus 1.9 indiv./night for mice. Therefore, relatively recent native forest restoration increased Black rat abundance and also increased their total biomass in the restored ecosystem 36‐fold while reducing House mouse biomass 35‐fold. Such a community shift is worrisome because Black rats pose a much greater threat than do mice to native birds and plants, perhaps especially to large‐seeded tree species. Land managers should be aware that forest restoration (i.e. converting grassland to native forest) can invoke shifts in invasive rodent populations, potentially favoring Black rats. Without intervention, this shift may pose risks for intended conservation targets and modify future forest restoration trajectories.
Ecological Grouping of Survey Sites When Sampling Artefacts are Present
Authors: Foster Scott D. , Hill Nicole A. , Lyons Mitchell 
Published: January 2017

SummaryGrouping sites on the basis of their biological information is a common goal in ecology that has scientific and management applications. Two applications are studied in this work: classifying vegetation types for management units and predicting these units into unsampled space, and finding assemblages of fish and investigating how the presence of these assemblages varies with covariates. Data that are used to find the groupings often have extraneous sources of variation, such as those related to sampling, which are often ignored but should be accounted for when finding the groupings. In ecological studies, this is increasingly common as data sets are now being combined from many smaller survey efforts. We show, through a model-based clustering method, how the groupings can be obtained, while accounting for sampling artefacts.
Somatic SNPs of the BRCA2 gene at the fragments encoding RAD51 binding sites of canine mammary tumors
Authors: Ozmen O. , Kul S. , Risvanli A. , Ozalp G. , Sabuncu A. , Kul O. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractMammary tumors are the most common tumor type both in women and in female dogs. In women, heritable breast cancers have been linked mutations in the breast cancer susceptibility gene BRCA2 and it contains eight BRC repeats in exon 11 that bind to RAD51. In this study, we investigated the sequence variations of BRC1‐BRC8 and C‐terminus of canine BRCA2 gene. From a total of 64 canine patients with mammary tumors, 31 mammary tumors with benign and malign carcinomas and the 3 normal mammary glands were used for the study. In this study, 19 SNPs of exon 11 of BRCA2 in canine mammary tumors were detected for the first time. The c.2383A>C (T1425P) SNP was found to be the most probable disease‐associated nsSNP. Our findings suggest that T1425P variation in BRC3 to be the most probable disease‐associated nsSNP and may affect RAD51 binding strength.
Bartonellosis, One Health and all creatures great and small
Authors: Breitschwerdt Edward B. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundBartonellosis is a zoonotic infectious disease of worldwide distribution, caused by an expanding number of recently discoveredBartonellaspp.ObjectivesThis review serves as an update on comparative medical aspects of this disease, including the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, treatment and challenges.ResultsOf comparative medical importance,Bartonellaspp. are transmitted by several arthropod vectors, including fleas, keds, lice, sand flies, ticks and, potentially, mites and spiders. Prior to 1990, there was only one namedBartonellaspecies (B. bacilliformis), whereas there are now over 36, of which 17 have been associated with an expanding spectrum of animal and human diseases. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques have facilitated documentation of chronic bloodstream and dermatological infections withBartonellaspp. in healthy and sick animals, in human blood donors, and in immunocompetent and immunocompromised human patients. The field ofBartonellaresearch remains in its infancy and is rich in questions, for which patient relevant answers are badly needed. DirectedBartonellaresearch could substantially reduce a spectrum of chronic and debilitating animal and human diseases, and thereby reduce suffering throughout the world.ConclusionA One Health approach to this emerging infectious disease is clearly needed to define disease manifestations, to establish the comparative infectious disease pathogenesis of this stealth pathogen, to validate effective treatment regimens and to prevent zoonotic disease transmission.
A retrospective study comparing histopathological and immunopathological features of nasal planum dermatitis in 20 dogs with discoid lupus erythematosus or leishmaniosis
Authors: De Lucia Michela , Mezzalira Giorgia , Bardagí Mar , Fondevila Dolors M. , Fabbri Elisabetta , Fondati Alessandra 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundIn areas endemic for leishmaniosis, discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and canine leishmaniosis (CanL) are the most common differential diagnoses for nasal planum erosive‐ulcerative dermatitis in dogs.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTo compare histopathological and immunopathological features of canine nasal planum erosive‐ulcerative dermatitis with depigmentation due to DLE or CanL.AnimalsNasal planum biopsies from dogs with nasal planum loss of architecture, depigmentation, swelling, erosions or ulcerations due to DLE (n = 14) or CanL (n = 6).MethodsSections of paraffin‐embedded samples, stained with haematoxylin and eosin were reviewed. Samples were examined using antibodies targeting T cells (CD3), B cells (CD20), macrophages (Mac387) and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC II). Histopathological and immunophenotypical findings were compared between DLE and CanL cases.ResultsLichenoid and interface dermatitis were observed in both DLE and CanL cases. A nodular‐to‐diffuse, superficial and/or deep dermatitis with macrophages, lymphocytes and plasma cells was present only in CanL samples. CD20‐positive cells predominated over CD3‐ and Mac387‐positive cells in the two conditions. The percentage of dermal Mac387‐positive cells was higher in CanL compared to DLE samples and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.025).Conclusions/Clinical importanceIn this study, similar histopathological and immunopathological findings were observed in dogs with nasal planum lesions due to DLE or CanL. Therefore, in areas endemic for leishmaniosis, the presence of the parasite should be investigated in canine nasal planum dermatitis showing clinical and histopathological features suggestive of DLE.
IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—RADIOGRAPHIC, ULTRASONOGRAPHIC, AND COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF A DUODENAL DUPLICATION CYST IN A YOUNG CAT
Authors: Agut Amalia , Carrillo Juana D. , Martínez Miryam , Murciano Jose , Belda Eliseo , Bernabé Antonio , Soler Marta 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA 7‐month‐old, 2.8 kg, intact female Siamese cat was evaluated for repetitive and intermittent episodes of vomiting and anorexia. Abdominal palpation revealed a round, firm, nonpainful mass in the right cranial abdomen. Ultrasonography findings were consistent with a cystic structure adjacent to the descending duodenum. The structure exhibited a “muscular rim sign.” A duodenal duplication cyst was confirmed by histopathological analysis. Computed tomography ruled out concurrent vertebral anomalies and clarified anatomic relationships for surgical planning. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first description of an ultrasound “muscular rim sign” in a duodenal duplication cyst in a cat.
Aortic arch reconstruction: deep and moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion
Authors: Wu YanWen , Xiao LiQiong , Yang Ting , Wang Lei , Chen Xin 
Published: January 2017

Objective: To compare the effects of moderate and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) with selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) during aortic arch surgery in adult patients and to offer the evidence for the detection of the temperature which provides best brain protection in the subjects who accept aortic arch reconstruction surgery. Methods: A total of 109 patients undergoing surgery of the aortic arch were divided into the moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest group (Group I) and the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest group (Group II). We recorded the data of the patients and their cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time, aortic clamping time, SACP time and postoperative anesthetized recovery time, tracheal intubation time, time in the intensive care unit (ICU) and postoperative neurologic dysfunction. Results: Patient characteristics were similar in the two groups. There were four patients who died in Group II and 1 patient in Group I. There were no significant differences in aortic clamping time of each group (111.4±58.4 vs. 115.9±16.2) min; SACP time (27.4±5.9 vs. 23.5±6.1) min of the moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest group and the deep hypothermic circulatory arrest group; there were significant differences in cardiopulmonary bypass time (207.4±20.9 vs. 263.8±22.6) min, postoperative anesthetized recovery time (19.0±11.1 vs. 36.8±25.3) hours, extubation time (46.4±15.1 vs. 64.4±6.0) hours; length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) (4.7±1.7 vs. 8±2.3) days and postoperative neurologic dysfunction in the two groups. Conclusion: Compared to deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, moderate hypothermic circulatory arrest can provide better brain protection and achieve good clinical results.
Self-defeating austerity? Assessing the impact of a fiscal consolidation on unemployment
Authors: Lopes João Carlos , do Amaral João Ferreira 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe great recession of 2008/2009 had a huge impact on unemployment and public finances in most advanced countries, and these impacts were magnified in the southern Euro area by the sovereign debt crisis of 2010/2011. The fiscal consolidation imposed by the European Union on highly indebted countries was based on the assumptions of so-called expansionary austerity. However, the reality so far provides proof to the contrary, and the results outlined in this article support the opposing view of a self-defeating austerity. Based on a model of the input–output relations of the productive system, an unemployment rate/budget balance trade-off equation is derived, as well as the impact of a strong fiscal consolidation based on social transfers and the notion of a neutral budget balance. An application to the Portuguese case confirms the huge costs of a strong fiscal consolidation, both in terms of unemployment and social policy regress. The conclusion is that too much consolidation in anyone year makes consolidation more difficult in the following year.
Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome: Chest X-ray or lung ultrasound? A systematic review
Authors: Hiles Matthew , Culpan Anne-Marie , Watts Catriona , Munyombwe Theresa , Wolstenhulme Stephen 
Published: January 2017

Background and aim Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome is a leading cause of morbidity in preterm new-born babies (<37 weeks gestation age). The current diagnostic reference standard includes clinical testing and chest radiography with associated exposure to ionising radiation. The aim of this review was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of lung ultrasound against the reference standard in symptomatic neonates of ≤42 weeks gestation age. Methods A systematic search of literature published between 1990 and 2016 identified 803 potentially relevant studies. Six studies met the review inclusion criteria and were retrieved for analysis. Quality assessment was performed before data extraction and meta-analysis. Results Four prospective cohort studies and two case control studies included 480 neonates. All studies were of moderate methodological quality although heterogeneity was evident across the studies. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of lung ultrasound were 97% (95% confidence interval [CI] 94–99%) and 91% (CI: 86–95%) respectively. False positive diagnoses were made in 16 cases due to pneumonia (n = 8), transient tachypnoea (n = 3), pneumothorax (n = 1) and meconium aspiration syndrome (n = 1); the diagnoses of the remaining three false positive results were not specified. False negatives diagnoses occurred in nine cases, only two were specified as air-leak syndromes. Conclusions Lung ultrasound was highly sensitive for the detection of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome although there is potential to miss co-morbid air-leak syndromes. Further research into lung ultrasound diagnostic accuracy for neonatal air-leak syndrome and economic modelling for service integration is required before lung ultrasound can replace chest radiography as the imaging component of the reference standard.
How to obtain and identify the acetabular anterior column axial view projection in patients?
Authors: Feng Xiaoreng , Fan Huijie , Leung Frankie , Chen Bin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose: This study aims at sharing our experience as how to obtain and identify axial view image of the acetabular anterior column in patients. Methods: Pelvic computed tomography data of six normal adults were used to reconstruct three-dimensional (3D) models. The transparency of each 3D model was downgraded at the view perpendicular to the cross section of the anterior column axis to simulate the anterior column axial view image. Fluoroscopy was performed in all patients to obtain the anterior column axial view image in the operating room. Each fluoroscopic image was compared with the corresponding simulation image to analyze potential anatomic landmarks that were helpful to identify the translucent area (projection of the screw path) in the patients. Results and Conclusions: To obtain ideal anterior column axial fluoroscopic image, the patient should be positioned supine with the leg of “abnormal side” straight and contralateral side flexion, abduction, and external rotation; the C-arm machine should be placed at the caudal end of the operation table with the C-arm fluoroscopic intensifier first positioned at the pelvic lateral view and then tilted approximately 30° toward the “abnormal side” and rotated approximately 45° toward the caudal end of the operation table. To identify the translucent area on the anterior column axial view fluoroscopic image obtained from the patient, the greater sciatic notch, the true pelvis edge, and the acetabulum should be identified first and the translucent area is located in the area surrounded by these three anatomic landmarks.
Chrom3D: three-dimensional genome modeling from Hi-C and nuclear lamin-genome contacts
Authors: Paulsen Jonas , Sekelja Monika , Oldenburg Anja R. , Barateau Alice , Briand Nolwenn , Delbarre Erwan , Shah Akshay , Sørensen Anita L. , Vigouroux Corinne , Buendia Brigitte , Collas Philippe 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Current three-dimensional (3D) genome modeling platforms are limited by their inability to account for radial placement of loci in the nucleus. We present Chrom3D, a user-friendly whole-genome 3D computational modeling framework that simulates positions of topologically-associated domains (TADs) relative to each other and to the nuclear periphery. Chrom3D integrates chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) and lamin-associated domain (LAD) datasets to generate structure ensembles that recapitulate radial distributions of TADs detected in single cells. Chrom3D reveals unexpected spatial features of LAD regulation in cells from patients with a laminopathy-causing lamin mutation. Chrom3D is freely available on github.
Sociocultural Foundations of Communication in Contemporary Society
Authors: Родин  , Rodin A. 
Published: January 2017

The problem of communication is considered as a phenomenon existing in the context of the interrelationship between the similarities and differences. The differences are connected with legitimation of interest in the subject of communication practices within the socio-cultural society (the similarities). It is revealed that the communication society culture exists as a unity of closely interrelated aspects — subjective and personal. The need for approval of the communicative model of personality as a multicultural entity creates prerequisites for radical changes in life strategy, the key points that make up the skills to be included in the growing complexity of communication networks, including the ability to create a new system of relationships
(self-organization). All this does not only make the differences in culture explicit, but also stimulates the next stage of the socio-cultural development. It is concluded that the position of the subject, which has new communicative consciousness, may be changed. The basis for the mechanism of personal comprehension of the world is an innovative activity of the multicultural subject.
Stylistic Features of Teenage Speech in the Novel “The Fault in Our Stars” by John Green
Authors: Татанова  , Tatanova L. 
Published: January 2017

The article focuses on the stylistic peculiarities of teenage speech in the novel “The Fault in Our Stars” by John Green. The characters’ dialogues and monologues are analyzed in connection with the central themes of the book. The author highlights the fact that stylistic devices and expressive means used by the personages come from different stylistic layers. The protagonists’ speech abounds with linguistic elements typical of colloquial, oratorical and belles-lettres style. The juxtaposition of contrasting tropes and expressive means in the characters’ verbal communication accounts
for worldwide popularity of the novel.
Is it possible to experience intimacy, attachment and love between human and operating system? An analyzing through Her movie<p>İnsanla işletim sistemi arasında yakınlık, bağlanma ve aşk mümkün mü? Aşk (Her) filmi üzerinden bir inceleme
Authors: Morsünbül Ümit 
Published: January 2017

Pyschology and cinema are fields that benefit each other in order to explain human behavior. Many researchers have been noted that cinema is important tool in order to understand psychological structures. In light of related literature the main aim of the present study is to analyze the Her movie directed by Spike Jonez through Erikson’s intimacy versus isolation stage, Hazan and Shaver’s attachment styles and finally Sternberg’s love types. The sub-question was investigated in addition to the main aim is whether intimacy, attachment and love can be between operating system and human. Document analysis that one of the qualitative research method was used in the present study. An overall evaluation, it can be said thanks to Theodor’s relation with Samantha, Theodor experienced intimacy that Erikson was defined, he attached with secure attachment style that Hazan and Shaver defined to Samantha and finally according to Stenberg’s love types romantic love was experienced between couple. When we look answer of sub-question of the present study Her movie indicates that human can be intimate with operating system, experience attachment and fall in love. ÖzetPsikoloji ve sinema insan davranışlarını açıklamak amacıyla birbirinden yararlanan iki alandır. Sinemanın psikolojik yapıları anlamak açısından önemli bir araç olduğu pek çok araştırmacı tarafından belirtilmiştir. İlgili literatür ışığında bu çalışmanın temel amacı yönetmenliği Spike Jonze’un yaptığı Aşk (Her) filminin Erikson’un yakınlığa karşı yalıtılmışlık evresi, Hazan ve Shaver’in bağlanma stilleri ve son olarak da Sternberg’in aşk türleri temelinde analiz edilmesidir. Bu temel amaca ek olarak incelen bir alt soru da sesten ibaret olan bir işletim sistemiyle bir insanın arasında yakınlık, bağlanma ve aşk olup olamayacağıdır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden biri olan döküman incelemesi kullanılmıştır. Genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde Theodor’un Samantha ile ilişkisi sayesinde Erikson’un tanımladığı yakınlığı deneyimlediği, bağlanma stilleri açısından ise Theodor’un Samantha’ya Hazan ve Shaver’ın tanımladığı güvenli bağlanma örüntüsüyle bağlandığı ve son olarak da Sternberg’in aşk türleri açısından ikilinin arasında romantik aşkın yaşandığı söylenebilir. Çalışmanın alt sorusunun yanıtına baktığımızda Aşk filmi insanın işletim sistemiyle yakın olabileceğini, ona bağlanabileceğini ve aşık olabileceğini göstermektedir.
Analysis on the Fatigue Properties of Semi-Rigid Base Asphalt-Pavement Structures With Horizontal Interfacial Cracks
Authors: Tang Y. , Zhang K. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
To find out the impact of horizontal interfacial cracks on the fatigue life of a semi-rigid base asphalt pavement, in this research, based on fracture mechanics, we first prefabricated four horizontal cracks (0, 30, 60, and 90 mm in length) and placed them between the semi-rigid base and the asphalt surface. Then we tested their bending strength and fatigue life, respectively. The results show that the existence of interfacial cracking has a strong impact on both the bending strength and fatigue life of the asphalt pavement. Compared with the specimen without an interfacial crack (0 mm in length), the bending strength of the specimens with horizontal interfacial cracks (30, 60, and 90 mm in length) decreases by 7.4 %, 14.7 %, and 20.6 %, and the fatigue life declines by 16.5 %, 29.2 %, and 39.7 %, respectively. Horizontal interfacial cracks result in the discontinuity of the whole pavement structure and the change of the stress state in the pavement. Also, cracking develops faster under fatigue loading conditions, so the pavement strength is further reduced and the fatigue life shortened.