bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental investigation of surface roughness, flank wear, chip morphology and cost estimation during machining of hardened AISI 4340 steel with coated carbide insert
Authors: Das Sudhansu Ranjan , Panda Asutosh , Dhupal Debabrata 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Background
Now-a-days, newer hardened steel materials are coming rapidly into the market due to its wide applications in various fields of engineering. So the machinability investigation of these steel materials is one of the prime concern for practicing engineers, prior to actual machining.

Methods
The present study addresses surface roughness, flank wear and chip morphology during dry hard turning of AISI 4340 steel (49 HRC) using CVD (TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN) multilayer coated carbide tool. Three factors (cutting speed, feed and depth of cut) and three-level factorial experiment designs with Taguchi’s L9 Orthogonal array (OA) and statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed to investigate the consequent effect of these cutting parameters on the tool and workpiece in terms of flank wear and surface roughness. For better understanding of the cutting process, surface topography of machined workpieces, wear mechanisms of worn coated carbide tool and chip morphology of generated chips were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Consequently, multiple regression analysis was adopted to develop mathematical model for each response, along with various diagnostic tests were performed to check the validity and efficacy of the proposed model. Finally, to justify the economical feasibility of coated carbide tool in hard turning application, a cost analysis was performed based on Gilbert’s approach by evaluating the tool life under optimized cutting condition (suggested by response optimization technique).

Results
The results shows that surface roughness and flank wear are statistically significant influenced by feed and cutting speed. In fact, increase in cutting speed resulted in better surface finish as well as increase in flank wear. Tool wear describes the gradual failure of cutting tool, caused grooves by abrasion due to rubbing effect of flank land with hard particles in the machined surface and high cutting temperature. Chip morphology confirms the formation of saw-tooth type of chip with severity of chip serration due to cyclic crack propagation caused by plastic deformation. The total machining cost per part is found to be $0.13 (i.e. in Indian rupees Rs. 8.21) for machining of hardened AISI 4340 steel with coated carbide tool.

Conclusions
From the study, the effectiveness and potential of multilayer TiN/TiCN/Al2O3/TiN coated carbide tool for hard turning process during dry cutting condition possesses high yielding and cost-effective benefit to substitute the traditional cylindrical grinding operation. Apart, it also contributes reasonable option to costlier CBN and ceramic tools.
Efficacy of Blended Cognitive Behavior Therapy for High Fear of Recurrence in Breast, Prostate, and Colorectal Cancer Survivors: The SWORD Study, a Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: van de Wal Marieke , Thewes Belinda , Gielissen Marieke , Speckens Anne , Prins Judith 
Published: May 2017

Purpose Fear of cancer recurrence (FCR) is a common problem experienced by cancer survivors. Approximately one third of survivors report high FCR. This study aimed to evaluate whether blended cognitive behavior therapy (bCBT) can reduce the severity of FCR in cancer survivors curatively treated for breast, prostate, or colorectal cancer. Patients and Methods This randomized controlled trial included 88 cancer survivors with high FCR (Cancer Worry Scale score ≥ 14) from 6 months to 5 years after cancer treatment. Participants were randomly allocated (ratio 1:1, stratified by cancer type) to receive bCBT, including five face-to face and three online sessions (n = 45) or care as usual (CAU; n = 43). Participants completed questionnaires at baseline (T0) and 3 months later (T1). The intervention group completed bCBT between T0 and T1. The primary outcome was FCR severity assessed with the Cancer Worry Scale. Secondary outcomes included other distress-related measures. Statistical (one-way between-group analyses of covariance) and clinical effects (clinically significant improvement) were analyzed by intention to treat. Results Participants who received bCBT reported significantly less FCR than those who received CAU (mean difference, –3.48; 95% CI, –4.69 to –2.28; P < .001) with a moderate-to-large effect size ( d = 0.76). Clinically significant improvement in FCR was significantly higher in the bCBT group than in the CAU group (13 [29%] of 45 compared with 0 [0%] of 43; P < .001); self-rated improvement was also higher in the bCBT group (30 [71%] of 42 compared with 12 [32%] of 38 in the CAU group; P < .001). Conclusion bCBT has a statistically and clinically significant effect on the severity of FCR in cancer survivors and is a promising new treatment approach.
Economic Burden of Chronic Conditions Among Survivors of Cancer in the United States
Authors: Guy Gery P. , Yabroff K. Robin , Ekwueme Donatus U. , Rim Sun Hee , Li Rui , Richardson Lisa C. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose The prevalence of cancer survivorship and chronic health conditions is increasing. Limited information exists on the economic burden of chronic conditions among survivors of cancer. This study examines the prevalence and economic effect of chronic conditions among survivors of cancer. Methods Using the 2008 to 2013 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we present nationally representative estimates of the prevalence of chronic conditions (heart disease, high blood pressure, stroke, emphysema, high cholesterol, diabetes, arthritis, and asthma) and multiple chronic conditions (MCCs) and the incremental annual health care use, medical expenditures, and lost productivity for survivors of cancer attributed to individual chronic conditions and MCCs. Incremental use, expenditures, and lost productivity were evaluated with multivariable regression. Results Survivors of cancer were more likely to have chronic conditions and MCCs compared with adults without a history of cancer. The presence of chronic conditions among survivors of cancer was associated with substantially higher annual medical expenditures, especially for heart disease ($4,595; 95% CI, $3,262 to $5,927) and stroke ($3,843; 95% CI, $1,983 to $5,704). The presence of four or more chronic conditions was associated with increased annual expenditures of $10,280 (95% CI, $7,435 to $13,125) per survivor of cancer. Annual lost productivity was higher among survivors of cancer with other chronic conditions, especially stroke ($4,325; 95% CI, $2,687 to $5,964), and arthritis ($3,534; 95% CI, $2,475 to $4,593). Having four or more chronic conditions was associated with increased annual lost productivity of $9,099 (95% CI, $7,224 to $10,973) per survivor of cancer. The economic impact of chronic conditions was similar among survivors of cancer and individuals without a history of cancer. Conclusion These results highlight the importance of ensuring access to lifelong personalized screening, surveillance, and chronic disease management to help manage chronic conditions, reduce disruptions in employment, and reduce medical expenditures among survivors of cancer.
Revisions to the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria: A Consensus Statement From the National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Planning Meeting
Authors: Park Julie R. , Bagatell Rochelle , Cohn Susan L. , Pearson Andrew D. , Villablanca Judith G. , Berthold Frank , Burchill Susan , Boubaker Ariane , McHugh Kieran , Nuchtern Jed G. , London Wendy B. , Seibel Nita L. , Lindwasser O. Wolf , Maris John M. , Brock Penelope , Schleiermacher Gudrun , Ladenstein Ruth , Matthay Katherine K. , Valteau-Couanet Dominique 
Published: May 2017

Purpose More than two decades ago, an international working group established the International Neuroblastoma Response Criteria (INRC) to assess treatment response in children with neuroblastoma. However, this system requires modification to incorporate modern imaging techniques and new methods for quantifying bone marrow disease that were not previously widely available. The National Cancer Institute sponsored a clinical trials planning meeting in 2012 to update and refine response criteria for patients with neuroblastoma. Methods Multidisciplinary investigators from 13 countries reviewed data from published trials performed through cooperative groups, consortia, and single institutions. Data from both prospective and retrospective trials were used to refine the INRC. Monthly international conference calls were held from 2011 to 2015, and consensus was reached through review by working group leadership and the National Cancer Institute Clinical Trials Planning Meeting leadership council. Results Overall response in the revised INRC will integrate tumor response in the primary tumor, soft tissue and bone metastases, and bone marrow. Primary and metastatic soft tissue sites will be assessed using Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) and iodine-123 (123I) –metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scans or [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography scans if the tumor is MIBG nonavid. 123I-MIBG scans, or [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose–positron emission tomography scans for MIBG-nonavid disease, replace technetium-99m diphosphonate bone scintigraphy for osteomedullary metastasis assessment. Bone marrow will be assessed by histology or immunohistochemistry and cytology or immunocytology. Bone marrow with ≤ 5% tumor involvement will be classified as minimal disease. Urinary catecholamine levels will not be included in response assessment. Overall response will be defined as complete response, partial response, minor response, stable disease, or progressive disease. Conclusion These revised criteria will provide a uniform assessment of disease response, improve the interpretability of clinical trial results, and facilitate collaborative trial designs.
Safety and Clinical Activity of the Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Inhibitor Durvalumab in Combination With Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor Olaparib or Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1-3 Inhibitor Cediranib in Women's Cancers: A Dose-Escalation, Phase I Study
Authors: Lee Jung-Min , Cimino-Mathews Ashley , Peer Cody J. , Zimmer Alexandra , Lipkowitz Stanley , Annunziata Christina M. , Cao Liang , Harrell Maria I. , Swisher Elizabeth M. , Houston Nicole , Botesteanu Dana-Adriana , Taube Janis M. , Thompson Elizabeth , Ogurtsova Aleksandra , Xu Haiying , Nguyen Jeffers , Ho Tony W. , Figg William D. , Kohn Elise C. 
Published: May 2017

Purpose Data suggest that DNA damage by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibition and/or reduced vascular endothelial growth factor signaling by vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibition may complement antitumor activity of immune checkpoint blockade. We hypothesize the programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitor, durvalumab, olaparib, or cediranib combinations are tolerable and active in recurrent women’s cancers. Patients and Methods This phase I study tested durvalumab doublets in parallel 3 + 3 dose escalations. Durvalumab was administered at 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks or 1,500 mg every 4 weeks with either olaparib tablets twice daily or cediranib on two schedules. The primary end point was the recommended phase II dose (RP2D). Response rate and pharmacokinetic analysis were secondary end points. Results Between June 2015 and May 2016, 26 women were enrolled. The RP2D was durvalumab 1,500 mg every 4 weeks with olaparib 300 mg twice a day, or cediranib 20 mg, 5 days on/2 days off. No dose-limiting toxicity was recorded with durvalumab plus olaparib. The cediranib intermittent schedule (n = 6) was examined because of recurrent grade 2 and non–dose-limiting toxicity grade 3 and 4 adverse events (AEs) on the daily schedule (n = 8). Treatment-emergent AEs included hypertension (two of eight), diarrhea (two of eight), pulmonary embolism (two of eight), pulmonary hypertension (one of eight), and lymphopenia (one of eight). Durvalumab plus intermittent cediranib grade 3 and 4 AEs were hypertension (one of six) and fatigue (one of six). Exposure to durvalumab increased cediranib area under the curve and maximum plasma concentration on the daily, but not intermittent, schedules. Two partial responses (≥15 months and ≥ 11 months) and eight stable diseases ≥ 4 months (median, 8 months [4 to 14.5 months]) were seen in patients who received durvalumab plus olaparib, yielding an 83% disease control rate. Six partial responses (≥ 5 to ≥ 8 months) and three stable diseases ≥ 4 months (4 to ≥ 8 months) were seen in 12 evaluable patients who received durvalumab plus cediranib, for a 50% response rate and a 75% disease control rate. Response to therapy was independent of PD-L1 expression. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first reported anti–PD-L1 plus olaparib or cediranib combination therapy. The RP2Ds of durvalumab plus olaparib and durvalumab plus intermittent cediranib are tolerable and active. Phase II studies with biomarker evaluation are ongoing.
Rising Prices of Targeted Oral Anticancer Medications and Associated Financial Burden on Medicare Beneficiaries
Authors: Shih Ya-Chen Tina , Xu Ying , Liu Lei , Smieliauskas Fabrice 
Published: May 2017

Purpose The high cost of oncology drugs threatens the affordability of cancer care. Previous research identified drivers of price growth of targeted oral anticancer medications (TOAMs) in private insurance plans and projected the impact of closing the coverage gap in Medicare Part D in 2020. This study examined trends in TOAM prices and patient out-of-pocket (OOP) payments in Medicare Part D and estimated the actual effects on patient OOP payments of partial filling of the coverage gap by 2012. Methods Using SEER linked to Medicare Part D, 2007 to 2012, we identified patients who take TOAMs via National Drug Codes in Part D claims. We calculated total drug costs (prices) and OOP payments per patient per month and compared their rates of inflation with general health care prices. Results The study cohort included 42,111 patients who received TOAMs between 2007 and 2012. Although the general prescription drug consumer price index grew at 3% per year over 2007 to 2012, mean TOAM prices increased by nearly 12% per year, reaching $7,719 per patient per month in 2012. Prices increased over time for newly and previously launched TOAMs. Mean patient OOP payments dropped by 4% per year over the study period, with a 40% drop among patients with a high financial burden in 2011, when the coverage gap began to close. Conclusion Rising TOAM prices threaten the financial relief patients have begun to experience under closure of the coverage gap in Medicare Part D. Policymakers should explore methods of harnessing the surge of novel TOAMs to increase price competition for Medicare beneficiaries.
The Adequate Corpus Luteum: miR-96 Promotes Luteal Cell Survival and Progesterone Production
Authors: Mohammed Bushra T. , Sontakke Sadanand D. , Ioannidis Jason , Duncan W. Colin , Donadeu F. Xavier 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Context:
Inadequate progesterone production from the corpus luteum is associated with pregnancy loss. Data available in model species suggest important roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in luteal development and maintenance.

Objective:
To comprehensively investigate the involvement of miRNAs during the ovarian follicle-luteal transition.

Design:
The effects of specific miRNAs on survival and steroid production by human luteinized granulosa cells (hLGCs) were tested using specific miRNA inhibitors. Candidate miRNAs were identified through microarray analyses of follicular and luteal tissues in a bovine model.

Setting:
An academic institution in the United Kingdom associated with a teaching hospital. hLGCs were obtained by standard transvaginal follicular-fluid aspiration from 35 women undergoing assisted conception.

Intervention(s):
Inhibition of candidate miRNAs in vitro.

Main outcome measure(s):
Levels of miRNAs, mRNAs, FOXO1 protein, apoptosis, and steroids were measured in tissues and/or cultured cells.

Results:
Two specific miRNA clusters, miR-183-96-182 and miR-212-132, were dramatically increased in luteal relative to follicular tissues. miR-96 and miR-132 were the most upregulated miRNAs within each cluster. Database analyses identified FOXO1 as a putative target of both these miRNAs. In cultured hLGCs, inhibition of miR-96 increased apoptosis and FOXO1 protein levels, and decreased progesterone production. These effects were prevented by small interfering RNA-mediated downregulation of FOXO1. In bovine luteal cells, miR-96 inhibition also led to increases in apoptosis and FOXO1 protein levels.

Conclusions:
miR-96 targets FOXO1 to regulate luteal development through effects on cell survival and steroid production. The miR-183-96-182 cluster could provide a novel target for the manipulation of luteal function.
Estimation of Pedestrian Origin-Destination Demand in Train Stations
Authors: Hänseler Flurin S. , Molyneaux Nicholas A. , Bierlaire Michel 
Published: May 2017

We present a framework for estimating pedestrian demand within a train station. It takes into account ridership data, and various direct and indirect indicators of demand. Such indicators may include link flow counts, density measurements, survey data, historical, or other information. The problem is considered in discrete time and at the aggregate level, i.e., for groups of pedestrians associated with the same origin-destination pair and departure time interval. The formulation is probabilistic, allowing to consider the stochasticity of demand. A key element is the use of the train timetable, and in particular of train arrival times, to capture demand peaks. A case study analysis of a Swiss train station underlines the practical applicability of the proposed framework. Compared to a classical estimator that ignores the notion of a train timetable, the gain in accuracy in terms of root-mean-square error is between 20% and 50%. More importantly, the incorporation of the train schedule allows for prediction when little or no data besides the timetable and ridership information is available. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0723 .
PROFESSORES E OS JOGOS DIGITAIS: UM OLHAR SOBRE AS POSSIBILIDADES PEDAGÓGICAS DESTAS MÍDIAS
Authors: Torres Velda , Alves Lynn 
Published: May 2017

O presente artigo discute o papel do educador na sociedade contemporânea, principalmente no que se refere à interação com a linguagem midiática, destacando a interação com os games. Estas discussões resultam da imersão na literatura e das pesquisas que vêm sendo realizadas pelo grupo Comunidades Virtuais na UNEB, que reforçam a premissa de que estas mídias podem se constituir em possíveis espaços de aprendizagem atuantes como mecanismos de educação para a cidadania. O referido grupo desenvolveu, no período de julho a outubro de 2010, três processos diferenciados de formação docente que objetivaram possibilitar aos cursistas a imersão no universo midiático, interagindo com distintas linguagens e principalmente os games, pensando nas possibilidades pedagógicas destas produções. As conclusões iniciais foram que a ausência do letramento digital, e especialmente o letramento no universo dos games, atuou como um grande impeditivo para a construção de um olhar mais crítico em torno das narrativas midiáticas disponíveis durante os cursos.
NARRATIVA FANTÁSTICA: QUESTÃO DE LEITURA?
Authors: Niels Karla Niels 
Published: May 2017

A categorização do fantástico, como gênero, não tem sido inequívo- ca nos estudos literários. Para Tzvetan Todorov o fantástico surge como um efeito decorrente da ocorrência de acontecimentos estranhos e insólitos em meio à narrativa, bem como da possibilidade de se fornecer duas explicações para esses acontecimentos. Diante da ambiguidade expressa pelo insólito, “alguém” deve optar por uma saída: o personagem ou o próprio leitor (Cf. TODOROV, 2007). A identificação do leitor com o personagem, apesar de considerada por Todorov, é vista por ele como fator dispensável. A hesitação entre uma explicação e outra, sim, seria o ponto central para a concretização do gênero. Filipe Furtado (1980), por sua vez, não admite a intervenção de um leitor empírico nesse tipo de narrativa. A dúvida e a hesitação patentes ao gênero seriam somente da narrativa e não do leitor. Diante desse impas- se, o trabalho visa considerar algumas teorias relacionadas ao leitor e à leitu- ra, a fim de avaliar a pertinência de se admitir a hipótese da participação de um leitor real na construção das narrativas fantásticas e, em especial, naque- las em que o medo provocado no leitor pelos acontecimentos narrados cons- titui a sua força motriz (cf. ROAS, 2006).
Investigating curatorship and art education interconnections
Authors: Whiteland Susan R. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Questions come to mind when investigating the interconnecting roles of curator and art educator. In two recent service-learning experiences university students stepped into the position of curator/art educator as they accessed, encountered, made and presented art for the engagement of children or older adults within the context of the dispersed museum. In one case the university students used imagery from a current exhibit to engage with older adults diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease or other forms of dementia. In a second study university students introduced classes of elementary students to a travelling exhibit on display at their university’s art museum. In both cases curating and art education played integral roles. This article investigates the interconnections between curatorship and art education and explores the dual role that university students assumed in their service learning experiences as part of a special problems art education class.
‘Return to the source and fetch’: The curator as Sankofa
Authors: Burton David 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The Sankofa bird stands as an appropriate metaphor for student curators in schools. The Sankofa alludes to the saying, ‘Return to the source and fetch’. This, essentially, is what student curators do when they engage the roles and tasks of mounting art exhibitions in schools. Art exhibitions comprise five task areas: theme development, exhibition design, exhibition installation, writing and publicity, and the event where the exhibit is presented to the public. In theme development, the student curators must reach back to the origins they discovered in their art. In exhibition design and installation, they must build bridges between abstract themes and ideal spaces for their art to be displayed. Through writing they extend their sources and bring (fetch) them to their audience. In the final step − the event − they come full circle and fetch what they have learned for the benefit of the whole community.
Expanding avenues in art education: Engaging the curatorial
Authors: Garnet Dustin 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Guided by this special issue theme of ‘Curating as a Condition of Art Education’, I will discuss how curating, and art production more broadly, increasingly operate directly as expanded educational praxes. The educational turn in professional curatorial and art practice has been prompted by consideration of pedagogical models within various curatorial strategies and critical art projects. In this article I speculate on curatorial practice as a form of artistic investigation by art students. My research engages with theories of public curation, the artist-curator, and material culture art education, and I illustrate this discussion by presenting a case study of a collaborative art project initiated in Canada’s largest education archive. By enfolding theory and practice, I was able not only to envision and implement a project with students, but also to reorient my role from art teacher to ‘teacher-curator’ and address the non-traditional pedagogic thinking required to facilitate these kinds of projects at the high school level.