bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the dependence of global cloud feedback on the spatial pattern of sea surface temperature change with a Green's function approach
Authors: Zhou Chen , Zelinka Mark D. , Klein Stephen A. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe spatial pattern of sea surface temperature (SST) changes has a large impact on the magnitude of cloud feedback. In this study, we seek a basic understanding of the dependence of cloud feedback on the spatial pattern of warming. Idealized experiments are carried out with an AGCM to calculate the change in global mean cloud‐induced radiation anomalies (ΔRcloud) in response to imposed surface warming/cooling in 74 individual localized oceanic “patches”. Then the cloud feedback in response to a specific warming pattern can be approximated as the superposition of global cloud feedback in response to a temperature change in each region, weighted by the magnitude of the local temperature changes. When there is a warming in the tropical subsidence or extratropical regions, the local decrease of LCC results in a positive change in Rcloud. Conversely, warming in tropical ascent regions increases the free‐tropospheric temperature throughout the tropics, thereby enhancing the inversion strength over remote regions and inducing positive global low‐cloud cover (LCC) anomalies and negative Rcloud anomalies. The Green's function approach performs reasonably well in predicting the response of global mean ΔLCC and net ΔRcloud, but poorly for shortwave and longwave components of ΔRcloud due to its ineffectiveness in predicting middle and high cloud cover changes. The approach successfully captures the change of cloud feedback in response to time‐evolving CO2‐induced warming and captures the interannual variations in ΔRcloud observed by CERES. The results highlight important nonlocal influences of SST changes on cloud feedback.
Sleep Quality and the Subjective Experience of Autobiographical Memory: Differential Associations by Memory Valence and Temporality
Authors: Lukowski Angela F. , Valentovich Valentina , Bohanek Jennifer G. , Slonecker Emily M. 
Published: August 2017

SummaryThe primary goal of the present research was to examine associations between sleep quality and the subjective experience of autobiographical events. In an online study, 141 university students reported on past events that varied by valence (positive or negative) and temporality (most significant or from the previous 2 weeks); they also completed measures of sleep quality and depression. Relative to participants with good sleep quality, participants with poor sleep quality thought more about their negative experiences, reported negative events that occurred more frequently, and used more negative emotion words when describing recent negative events. In some instances, depressive symptoms mediated the relation between sleep quality and elements of autobiographical reports. Future experimental work should examine the directionality of these effects, with the ultimate goal of improving sleep quality, mental health, and the manner in which individuals discuss and make meaning of their negative life events. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Circularly Polarized Phosphorescent Electroluminescence from Chiral Cationic Iridium(III) Isocyanide Complexes
Authors: Han Jianmei , Guo Song , Wang Jiong , Wei Liuwei , Zhuang Yanling , Liu Shujuan , Zhao Qiang , Zhang Xinwen , Huang Wei 
Published: August 2017

AbstractCircularly polarized organic light‐emitting diodes (CP‐OLEDs), which directly emit CP light from organic light‐emitting diodes, have attracted considerable attention because of their wide applications in various photonic devices. In this work, a pair of chiral bis‐cyclometalated phosphorescent iridium(III) isocyanide complexes is designed and synthesized, which exhibits almost the same photophysical properties and obvious mirror image in circular dichroism spectrum. These two complexes are used for fabricating CP‐OLEDs, obtaining 4473 cd m−2, 7.50 cd A−1, and 2.55 lm W−1 for the maximum luminance and the maximum current and power efficiencies, respectively. In addition, the dissymmetry gEL factors of CP emission are in the order of 10−3, which is the highest value among the reported devices based on phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes. The results demonstrate that the chiral Ir(III) complexes are of great potential value for application in CP‐OLEDs.
Novel surgical approach based on the sentinel node concept in patients with early gastric cancer
Authors: Natsugoe Shoji , Arigami Takaaki , Uenosono Yoshikazu , Yanagita Shigehiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecent prospective multicenter trials have demonstrated the clinical safety and efficacy of sentinel node navigation surgery (SNNS) in patients with early gastric cancer. Further, development of an intraoperative imaging system and an indocyanine green fluorescence imaging approach has been attracting attention as a novel tool for detection of the sentinel node (SN). The greatest advantage of an in vivo imaging system is that it visualizes SN and afferent lymphatic vessels from the primary tumor site more clearly than the conventional dye approach. Besides visualization of the SN, it is also essential to accurately assess the presence or absence of lymph node metastasis in the intraoperative management of SNNS. However, the clinical significance of lymph node micrometastasis (LNM) in patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. Reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) is one of the representative assays used to identify LNM. A rapid RT‐PCR assay that completes the detection of LNM within approximately 40 minutes has recently been produced and applied in the clinical management of SNNS. From the viewpoint of surgical methods, modified laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery with non‐exposed approaches has recently been highlighted as a promising technique to prevent tumor dissemination caused by surgical procedures, and is likely to be clinically applied to SNNS in the future. When carrying out SNNS as a minimally invasive surgery, it is important to consider the balance between post‐surgical quality of life and curability. Future prospective studies on SNNS will greatly contribute to furthering its establishment as a beneficial procedure for patients with early gastric cancer.
Are treatment outcomes in gastric cancer associated with either hospital volume or surgeon volume?
Authors: Mukai Yosuke , Kurokawa Yukinori , Takiguchi Shuji , Mori Masaki , Doki Yuichiro 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSurgical resection is the only curative treatment for gastric cancer. Postoperative outcomes may be affected by the average or total number of surgeries carried out at an institution (hospital volume) or by a surgeon (surgeon volume). Among seven large‐scale studies that each enrolled over 10 000 patients who underwent gastrectomy, six showed that higher hospital volume contributed to a lower mortality rate after gastrectomy. Surgeon volume was also reported by three of four studies that each included over 1000 patients to be a significant factor contributing to heterogeneity in mortality rates after gastrectomy. In contrast, most studies showed no relationship between hospital volume and postoperative morbidity. A significant long‐term relationship was demonstrated in four of nine studies that each included more than 1000 patients, but the other five studies showed negative results. A recent correlative study of randomized phase III trials for gastric cancer surgeries showed a significant relationship between hospital volume and postoperative morbidity in one trial but not in another trial. There was no correlation between overall survival and either hospital or surgeon volume. In addition, another correlative study of a phase III trial of randomized chemotherapy for unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer found that there was no correlation between hospital volume and overall survival, although there was a large degree of heterogeneity in median overall survival among participating institutions.
Molecular Iodine‐Promoted Transimination for the Synthesis of 6‐Phenylpyrido[2′,1′:2,3]imidazo[4,5‐c]quinoline and 6‐(Pyridin‐2‐yl)pyrido[2′,1′:2,3]imidazo[4,5‐c]quinolines
Authors: Sunkari Satish , Shaik Siddiq Pasha , Krishna Namballa Hari , Subba Rao Ayanampudi Venkata , Kodiripaka Bheeshma Geetanjali , Alarifi Abdullah , Kamal Ahmed 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAn unprecedented, efficient I2‐mediated approach for the synthesis of 6‐phenylpyrido[2′,1′:2,3]imidazo[4,5‐c]quinoline heterocyclic skeletons has been achieved from the reaction of benzylamines and 2‐(imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2‐yl)anilines. This one‐pot protocol proceeds through an oxidation/transimination/cyclization/aromatization reaction sequence under metal‐free conditions to result in the formation of N−C and C−C bonds. A variety of benzylamines, including pyridin‐2‐ylmethanamine, were successfully employed under the optimized conditions as imine precursors in this irreversible transimination reaction with 2‐(imidazo[1,2‐a]pyridin‐2‐yl)anilines to give the corresponding imines. The subsequent cyclization step successfully generated the the corresponding 6‐phenylpyrido[2′,1′:2,3]imidazo[4,5‐c]quinolines.
Comparison of the effect of aerosolized fibrin sealant and biodegradable synthetic polyurethane foam on hemostasis and wound healing after endoscopic sinus surgery: a prospective randomized study
Authors: Jung Moon Sik , Choi Chang Hwan , Yu Myeong Sang 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundUse of absorbable packing materials after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is associated with increased patient comfort and a lack of need for packing removal. Different materials may induce different patterns of mucosal healing and hemostasis. This study investigated the effect of fibrin sealant (FS; Tisseel) or biodegradable synthetic polyurethane foam (Nasopore®) packing on hemostasis and wound healing after FESS.MethodsThis prospective randomized controlled trial included 35 consecutive patients who underwent bilateral FESS for chronic rhinosinusitis. The patients were randomized to receive FS through aerosol spraying on 1 side and Nasopore packing on the opposite side. They were followed at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. Endoscopically visible packing material, crusting, adhesion, bleeding, granulation tissue formation, frontal sinus patency, and adverse effects were assessed. Subjective symptoms related to nasal packing were evaluated by using questionnaires quantified with a visual analogue scale.ResultsNo significant differences were found between the FS‐treated side and the Nasopore‐packed side with respect to postoperative bleeding, adhesion, or frontal sinus patency. However, crusting and granulation were significantly lower in FS‐treated nostrils (p < 0.01). The patients’ satisfaction and willingness to reuse the material were not significantly different between FS and Nasopore. There were no allergic reactions to either material.ConclusionFS and Nasopore were equally successful in achieving hemostasis and patient satisfaction after FESS. However, our results suggest that differential mucosal healing patterns may be induced by alternative absorbable hemostatic materials. FS‐treated sides showed more optimal healing patterns than Nasopore‐packed sides.
Degeneration of serotonin neurons triggers spasticity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: El Oussini Hajer , Scekic‐Zahirovic Jelena , Vercruysse Pauline , Marques Christine , Dirrig‐Grosch Sylvie , Dieterlé Stéphane , Picchiarelli Gina , Sinniger Jérôme , Rouaux Caroline , Dupuis Luc 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveSpasticity occurs in a wide range of neurological diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, after trauma, and after stroke, and is characterized by increased reflexes leading to muscle hypertonia. Spasticity is a painful symptom and can severely restrict everyday life, but might also participate in maintaining a low level of motor function in severely impaired patients. Constitutive activity of the serotonin receptors 5‐HT2B/C is required for the development of spasticity after spinal cord injury and during amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We sought here to provide direct evidence for a role of brainstem serotonin neurons in spasticity.MethodsSOD1(G37R) mice expressing a conditional allele of an ALS‐linked SOD1 mutation were crossed with Tph2‐Cre mice expressing Cre in serotonergic neurons. Measurement of long‐lasting reflex using electromyography, behavioral follow‐up, and histological techniques was used to characterize spasticity and motor phenotype.ResultsDeleting mutant SOD1 expression selectively in brainstem serotonin neurons was sufficient to rescue loss of TPH2 immunoreactivity and largely preserve serotonin innervation of motor neurons in the spinal cord. Furthermore, this abrogated constitutive activity of 5‐HT2B/C receptors and abolished spasticity in end‐stage mice. Consistent with spasticity mitigating motor symptoms, selective deletion worsened motor function and accelerated the onset of paralysis.InterpretationDegeneration of serotonin neurons is necessary to trigger spasticity through the 5‐HT2B/C receptor. The wide range of drugs targeting the serotonergic system could be useful to treat spasticity in neurological diseases. Ann Neurol 2017;82:444–456
Two‐stage stabilizer addition protocol as a means to reduce the size and improve the uniformity of polymer beads in suspension polymerization
Authors: Jahanzad Fatemeh , Sajjadi Shahriar 
Published: August 2017

ABSTRACTA two‐stage stabilizer addition protocol is suggested for reducing the size and improving the uniformity of polymer beads resulting from conventional suspension polymerization. The stabilizer load was divided into an initial charge and a secondary addition. The use of a low concentration of stabilizer in the initial charge served to assist drop rupture while avoiding significant reduction in drop size and production of too many satellite droplets. The secondary addition time of stabilizer occurred just before the onset of the growth stage when drops were vulnerable to coalescence but robust against break up due to their high viscosity. The secondary addition of stabilizer served to provide stability to monomer drops during the growth stage and as a result the drops underwent limited coalescence. This resulted in the formation of smaller and more uniform polymer beads in comparison to beads obtained by conventional suspension polymerization at the same overall concentration of stabilizer. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45671.
Controllability of Fractional Differential Equation of Order α∈(1,2] With Non‐Instantaneous Impulses
Authors: Muslim Malik , Kumar Avadhesh 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe objective of this paper is to establish the sufficient condition for the exact controllability of a control system governed by the fractional differential equation of order α∈(1,2] with non‐instantaneous impulses in a Hilbert space X. The results are obtained using the α‐order cosine family and Banach fixed point theorem. Also, the exact controllability of an integrodifferential problem is studied. Finally, a few examples are given to illustrate the applications of these abstract results.
EID‐Estimation‐Based Periodic Disturbance Rejection for Sintering Ignition Process with Input Time Delay
Authors: Chen Xin , Jiao Wei , Wu Min , Cao Weihua 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSintering plays a key role in generating blast furnace burden in metallurgical processes. The continuous production and stable quality of sintering significantly depends on the stable and precise control of sintering ignition, which, however, is achieved through an input time delay system, and suffers from different and unknown disturbances. To reject disturbances and enhance the control precision of ignition temperature, this paper introduces a modified equivalent input disturbance (EID)‐based disturbance compensation that is suitable for controlling sintering ignition. First, the periodic properties of disturbances induced by gas pressure fluctuations are obtained based on spectral density decomposition. Second, to obtain the dynamics of sintering ignition, an iterative subspace modeling method is developed, which estimates not only the model parameters but also the length of time delay. By considering the periodic property, a control structure of sintering ignition based on the modified EID‐based compensation is proposed, in which an additional time‐delay element is designed to make the phase difference between EID estimation and real disturbance close to zero. Finally, the validity of the proposed method is verified by a simulation.
Analysis and functional characterization of sequence variations in ligand binding domain of thyroid hormone receptors in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) patients
Authors: Kalikiri Mahesh Kumar , Mamidala Madhu Poornima , Rao Ananth N. , Rajesh Vidya 
Published: August 2017

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuro developmental disorder, reported to be on a rise in the past two decades. Thyroid hormone‐T3 plays an important role in early embryonic and central nervous system development. T3 mediates its function by binding to thyroid hormone receptors, TRα and TRβ. Alterations in T3 levels and thyroid receptor mutations have been earlier implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders and have been linked to environmental toxins. Limited reports from earlier studies have shown the effectiveness of T3 treatment with promising results in children with ASD and that the thyroid hormone levels in these children was also normal. This necessitates the need to explore the genetic variations in the components of the thyroid hormone pathway in ASD children. To achieve this objective, we performed genetic analysis of ligand binding domain of THRA and THRB receptor genes in 30 ASD subjects and in age matched controls from India. Our study for the first time reports novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the THRA and THRB receptor genes of ASD individuals. Autism Res 2017, 10: 1919–1928. ©2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Lay SummaryThyroid hormone (T3) and thyroid receptors (TRα and TRβ) are the major components of the thyroid hormone pathway. The link between thyroid pathway and neuronal development is proven in clinical medicine. Since the thyroid hormone levels in Autistic children are normal, variations in their receptors needs to be explored. To achieve this objective, changes in THRA and THRB receptor genes was studied in 30 ASD and normal children from India. The impact of some of these mutations on receptor function was also studied.
Weekday of cancer surgery in relation to prognosis
Authors: Lagergren J , Mattsson F , Lagergren P 
Published: August 2017

Abstract

Background
Later weekday of surgery seems to affect the prognosis adversely in oesophageal cancer, whereas any such influence on other cancer sites is unknown. This study aimed to test whether weekday of surgery influenced prognosis following commonly performed cancer operations.

Methods
This nationwide Swedish population-based cohort study from 1997 to 2014 analysed weekday of elective surgery for ten major cancers in relation to disease-specific and all-cause mortality. Cox regression provided hazard ratios with 95 per cent confidence intervals, adjusted for the co-variables age, sex, co-morbidity, hospital volume, calendar year and tumour stage.

Results
A total of 228 927 patients were included. Later weekday of surgery (Thursdays and, even more so, Fridays) was associated with increased mortality rates for gastrointestinal cancers. Adjusted hazard ratios for disease-specific mortality, comparing surgery on Friday with that on Monday, were 1·57 (95 per cent c.i. 1·31 to 1·88) for oesophagogastric cancer, 1·49 (1·17 to 1·88) for liver/pancreatic/biliary cancer and 1·53 (1·44 to 1·63) for colorectal cancer. Excluding mortality during the initial 90 days of surgery made little difference to these findings, and all-cause mortality was similar to disease-specific mortality. The associations were similar in analyses stratified for co-variables. No consistent associations were found between weekday of surgery and prognosis for cancer of the head and neck, lung, thyroid, breast, kidney/bladder, prostate or ovary/uterus.

Conclusion
Later weekday of surgery (Thursday or Friday) seems to influence the prognosis adversely for cancers of the gastrointestinal tract.
Restratification of survival prognosis of N1b papillary thyroid cancer by lateral lymph node ratio and largest lymph node size
Authors: Kim Hye In , Kim Tae Hyuk , Choe Jun‐Ho , Kim Jung‐Han , Kim Jee Soo , Oh Young Lyun , Hahn Soo Yeon , Shin Jung Hee , Jang Hye Won , Kim Young Nam , Kim Hosu , Ahn Hyeon Seon , Kim Kyunga , Kim Sun Wook , Chung Jae Hoon 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe current 7th TNM staging stratifies N1b papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients without distant metastasis into either stage I or stage IV merely by an age threshold (45 years). To date, no studies have adequately quantified the mortality risk of PTC patients with N1b disease. We hypothesized that incorporating lymph node (LN) factors into the staging system would better predict cancer‐specific mortality (CSM). A total of 745 nonmetastatic PTC patients with N1b disease were enrolled. We identified factors related to LNs and cut‐points using Cox regression and time‐dependent ROC analysis. New prognostic groupings were derived based on minimal hazard differences for CSM among the groups stratified by LN risk and age, and prediction of CSM was assessed. Lateral lymph node ratio (LNR) and largest LN size were significant prognostic LN factors at cut‐points of 0.3 and 3 cm. Without LN risk (lateral LNR >0.3 or largest LN size >3 cm), stage IV patients had prognosis [adjusted HR 1.10 (98% CI 0.19–6.20); P = 0.906] similar to stage I patients with LN risk. Patients were restratified into three prognostic groups: Group 1, <45 years without LN risk; Group 2, <45 years with LN risk or ≥45 years without LN risk; and Group 3, ≥45 with LN risk. This system had a lower log‐rank P‐value (<0.001 vs. 0.002) and higher C‐statistics (0.80 vs. 0.71) than the 7th TNM. New prognostic grouping using lateral LNR and largest LN size predicts CSM accurately and distinguishes N1b patients with different prognosis.
Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Analysis, AEDA Sensorial Evaluation and Antifungal Activity of the Essential Oil from the Ecuadorian Plant Lepechinia mutica Benth (Lamiaceae)
Authors: Ramírez Jorge , Gilardoni Gianluca , Jácome Miriam , Montesinos José , Rodolfi Marinella , Guglielminetti Maria Lidia , Cagliero Cecila , Bicchi Carlo , Vidari Giovanni 
Published: August 2017

This study describes the GC‐FID, GC/MS, GC‐O, and enantioselective GC analysis of the essential oil hydrodistilled from leaves of Lepechinica mutica (Lamiaceae), collected in Ecuador. GC‐FID and GC/MS analyses allowed the characterization and quantification of 79 components, representing 97.3% of the total sample. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (38.50%) and monoterpene hydrocarbons (30.59%) were found to be the most abundant volatiles, while oxygenated sesquiterpenes (16.20%) and oxygenated monoterpenes (2.10%) were the minor components. In order to better characterize the oil aroma, the most important odorants, from the sensorial point of view, were identified by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis (AEDA) GC‐O. They were α‐Pinene, β‐Phellandrene, and Dauca‐5,8‐diene, exhibiting the characteristic woody, herbaceus, and earthy odors, respectively. Enantioselective GC analysis of L. mutica essential oil revealed the presence of twelve couples and two enantiomerically pure chiral monoterpenoids. Their enantiomeric excesses were from a few percent units to 100%. Moreover, the essential oil exhibited moderate in vitro activity against five fungal strains, being especially effective against M. canis, which is a severe zoophilic dermatophyte causal agent of pet and human infections.