bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes over the last 15 years in the psychopharmacological management of persons with borderline personality disorder
Authors: Martín‐Blanco A. , Ancochea A. , Soler J. , Elices M. , Carmona C. , Pascual J. C. 
Published: July 2017

ObjectiveTo describe the pharmacological management of borderline personality disorder (BPD) in Spain from 2001 through 2016, the factors associated with prescriptions, and changes in pharmacotherapy over this time period.MethodsRetrospective, cross‐sectional, observational study conducted in a sample of 457 patients with BPD consecutively admitted to a specialist BPD Program between January 2001 and November 2016. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables, as well as pharmacological treatment upon the admission to the programme, were used to describe pharmacological prescriptions, the factors associated with these medications, and changes in prescription over the last 15 years.ResultsMost (88.4%) patients were on pharmacological treatment, with 53.8% of persons taking ≥3 medications. No significant changes in these percentages were observed over the study period. The use of tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines decreased, while the use of atypical antipsychotics increased. Axis I comorbidity was the main factor associated with pharmacological treatment and polypharmacy.ConclusionsThis study provides further evidence confirming the worldwide overuse of prescription medications for BPD and shows that there has been a shift in the prescription pattern in the last 15 years. These results suggest that real clinical practice only partially adheres to clinical treatment guidelines.
Cephalic vein thrombosis
Authors: Gecmen Cetin , Gecmen Gonca G. , Kahyaoglu Muzaffer , Aksut Mehmet , Havan Nuri , Guner Ahmet , Cakmak Ender O. , Sarikaya Sukran , Kalkan Semih , Rabus Murat 
Published: July 2017

An 83‐year‐old male patient presented to the outpatient clinic with complaint of swelling at right antecubital area. Ultrasonographic examination of the right upper extremity revealed a mass lesion within the right cephalic vein, which was consistent with thrombus. A computed tomography (CT) venography showed contrast enhancement in cephalic vein at distal arm and an aneurysmatic thrombus area displaying regular borders with a size of 28*30 mm; there was no contrast enhancement at more proximal levels at the cephalic vein.
New Picea hosts for Chrysomyxa ledi and Thekopsora areolata
Authors: Kaitera J. , Kauppila T. , Hantula J. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryA severe epidemic of Chrysomyxa ledi needle rust occurred over large areas in northern Finland in 2015. In late summer, young current‐year cones and needles of 7–8 Picea species were sampled in a northern botanical garden, and the frequencies of cone rusts, Thekopsora areolata, Chrysomyxa pirolata and C. ledi, were investigated in cones, and C. ledi was investigated in needles. In addition, the frequency of C. ledi was estimated visually in current‐year needles of ca. 400 trees of 17 species and varieties of Picea in the garden. Chrysomyxa pirolata was absent in cones of all Picea. No cone rusts were observed in cones of P. rubens and Picea mariana. Aecia of Thekopsora areolata occurred moderately in cones of P. abies (26% of cones) and rarely in P. engelmannii (3%) and P. omorika (6%). Chrysomyxa ledi was the most frequent rust in cones; aecia occurred abundantly in cones of P. abies (100%), P. engelmannii (69%), P. glauca (45%) and P. omorika (41%), and occasionally on P. pungens (13%). Thekopsora areolata from cones of the three Picea species showed 100% similarity in ITS2 sequence to one another and to samples in the GenBank. Samples of Chrysomyxa from needles and cones of Picea and leaves of Ledum palustre had ITS2 sequences 99.9%–100% similar to one another and 99.8%–100% similar to the closest sequence of C. ledi and C. rhododendri in the GenBank. Thekopsora areolata was recorded for the first time in cones of P. omorika and C. ledi in cones of P. engelmannii and P. pungens. In current‐year needles of Picea, C. ledi was abundant on P. abies, P. obovata, P. engelmannii, P. jezoensis, P. glauca and P. sitchensis, the rust was scarce on P. asperata var. nobilis, P. mariana, P. pungens and P. omorika, and the rust was absent on P. glehnii and P. rubens.
Between‐lake variation in the trophic ecology of an invasive crayfish
Authors: Jackson Michelle C. , Evangelista Charlotte , Zhao Tian , Lecerf Antoine , Britton J. Robert , Cucherousset Julien 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

The trophic ecology of invasive species has important implications for their impacts on recipient ecosystems, with omnivorous invaders potentially affecting native species and processes over multiple trophic levels. The trophic ecology of invaders might be affected by both their body size and the characteristics of their habitat due to variation in energy requirements and resource availability.

Here, using stable‐isotope analysis, we investigated the trophic ecology of the invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii in 15 populations in southwest France over a gradient of individual (crayfish body size), population (crayfish abundance) and ecosystem (lake size, productivity and predation pressure) characteristics. We predicted that population niche width, level of omnivory and trophic position of individuals would change with abiotic and biotic conditions, but that these relationships would vary with lake size.

The trophic position of individual crayfish increased with body size in lakes with low productivity, but decreased with body size in more productive lakes. As crayfish abundance increased (and therefore potential intraspecific competition), individual trophic position and population niche width decreased. This was most apparent in smaller lakes, suggesting it related to an increase in encounter rates with conspecifics.

Body size, population abundance, lake size and lake productivity influenced the trophic ecology of invasive crayfish, which can affect their interactions with native species. Our results demonstrated that the trophic ecology of invasive species can be variable across invaded landscapes, with implications for their ecological impacts on native communities. This emphasizes the importance of characterising the diet of invasive species across their non‐native range and environmental gradients to better predict and manage their impacts.
Effects of Benazepril on Survival of Dogs with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Multicenter, Randomized, Blinded, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial
Authors: King J.N. , Font A. , Rousselot J.‐F. , Ash R.A. , Bonfanti U. , Brovida C. , Crowe I.D. , Lanore D. , Pechereau D. , Seewald W. , Strehlau G. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in dogs.ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy in prolonging survival and safety of benazepril administration to dogs with CKD.AnimalsForty‐nine client‐owned dogs with CKD.MethodsDogs were randomized to benazepril (0.25 to <0.5 mg/kg) or placebo once daily for up to 2 years in a prospective, multicenter, blinded clinical trial. The primary endpoint variable was the renal survival time, defined as the time from inclusion in the study to the treatment failure endpoint of death or euthanasia or need for administration of parenteral fluids related to renal failure.ResultsNo benefit of benazepril versus placebo was detected for renal survival time in all dogs; median (95% confidence interval (CI)) survival times were 305 (53–575) days in the benazepril group and 287 (152‐not available) in the placebo group (P = .53). Renal survival times were not significantly longer with benazepril compared to placebo for subgroups: hazard ratios (95% CI) were 0.50 (0.21–1.22) with P = .12 for initial urine protein‐to‐creatinine ratio (UPC) >0.5, and 0.38 (0.12–1.19) with P = .080 for initial UPC >0.5 plus plasma creatinine ≤440 μmol/L. Proteinuria, assessed from the UPC, was significantly (P = .0032) lower after treatment with benazepril compared to placebo. There were no significant differences between groups for clinical signs or frequencies of adverse events.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceBenazepril significantly reduced proteinuria in dogs with CKD. Insufficient numbers of dogs were recruited to allow conclusions on survival time.
Development of a kompetitive allele‐specific PCR marker for selection of the mutated Wx‐D1d allele in wheat breeding
Authors: Yi Xin , Jiang Zhengning , Hu Wenjing , Zhao Yun , Bie Tongde , Gao Derong , Liu Datong , Wu Ronglin , Cheng Xiaoming , Cheng Shunhe , Zhang Yong 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWaxy (Wx) protein is a key enzyme for synthesis of amylose in endosperm. Amylose content in wheat grain influences the quality of end‐use products. Seven alleles have been described at the Wx‐D1 locus, but only two of them (Wx‐D1b, Wx‐D1e) were genotyped with codominant markers. The waxy wheat line K107Wx1 developed by treating ‘Kanto 107’ seeds with ethyl methanesulphonate carries the Wx‐D1d allele. However, no molecular basis supports this nomenclature. In the present study, DNA sequence analysis confirmed that a single nucleotide polymorphism in the sixth exon of Wx‐D1 changed tryptophan at position 301 into a termination codon. Based on this sequence variation, a PCR‐based KASP marker was developed to detect this point mutation using 68 BC8F1 plants and 297 BC8F2 lines derived from the cross ‘Ningmai 14’*9/K107Wx1. Combined with codominant markers for the Wx‐A1 and Wx‐B1 alleles, waxy and non‐waxy near‐isogenic lines were distinguished. The KASP marker was efficient in identifying the mutant allele and can be used to transfer waxiness to elite lines.
An Effect of Learning on Speech Perception: The Discrimination of Durations of Silence with and without Phonemic Significance
Authors: Liberman Alvin , Harris Katherine Safford , Eimas Peter , Lisker Leigh , Bastian Jarvis 
Published: July 2017

Discrimination of an acoustic variable (various durations of silence) was measured when, as part of a synthetic speech pattern, that variable cued a phonemic distinction and when the same variable appeared in a non-speech context. in the speech case the durations of silence separated the two syllables of a synthesized word, causing it to be heard as rabid when the intersyllabic silence was of short duration and as rapid when it was long. with acoustic differences equal, discrimination proved to be more acute across the /b,p/ phoneme boundary than within either phoneme category. This effect approximated what one would expect on the extreme assumption that the listeners could hear these sounds only as phonemes, and could discriminate no other differences among them; however, the approximation was not so close as for certain other consonant distinctions. In the case of the non-speech sounds the same durations of silence separated two bursts of noise tailored to match the onset, duration, and offset characteristics of the speech signals. There was, with these stimuli, no appreciable increase in discrimination in the region corresponding to the location of the phoneme boundary. If we assume that the functions obtained with the non-speech patterns represent the basic discriminability of the durations of silence, free of the influence of linguistic training, we may conclude that the discrimination peaks in the speech functions reflect an effect of learning on perception. It was found, too, that discrimination of the non-speech patterns was, in general, poorer than that of the speech. From this we conclude that the effect of learning must have been to increase discrimination across the phoneme boundary; there was no evidence of a reduction in discrimination within the phoneme category.
Relationships among Fundamental Frequency, Vocal Sound Pressure, and Rate of Speaking
Authors: Black John W. 
Published: July 2017

Twenty males who could control their vocal effort to reach specified soft and loud vocal levels, spanning 30 db., practised and recorded three vowels and three phrases at four levels, ranging from soft to loud. Increments in vocal effort were accompanied by increase in fundamental frequency, the latter shifting upward increasingly with successive steps in sound pressure. The vocal changes that occurred from one level of speaking to another were somewhat specific to the material that was spoken. Phrases that were spoken with different amounts of vocal effort, soft to loud, were spoken at the slowest rate when said softly.
Sequential Temporal Patterns and Cognitive Processes in Speech
Authors: Goldman-Eisler Frieda 
Published: July 2017

Further evidence was found confirming that the successive speech and silence durations in spontaneous speech can have a regular structure, periods of considerable hesitancy alternating with periods of fluency in a rhythmic fashion. This structure, which it is suggested is due to a cognitive rhythm, although not evident in reading, was found however not to be specific to rational spontaneous speech, as was concluded by Henderson et al. The only necessary though not sufficient condition for the appearance of temporal rhythm was that at least 30% of utterance time be pausing time. Readings and translations as well as spontaneous speech were capable of exhibiting a rhythmic structure when fulfilling this condition. The relative pausing time in the periods of high fluency seemed an additional factor in the occurrence of this rhythm. The implications of these results are discussed.
Effects of Local Vibration on Tactile Perception in the Hands of Dentists
Authors: Lundström R. , Lindmark A. 
Published: July 2017

Ten dentists and ten controls have been studied as regards vibration perception thresholds (PT) and temporary threshold shift (TTS) which normally appears after a short period of fatigue stimulation. PT has been studied within the frequency range 40–400 Hz and TTS for 100 and 250 Hz. For both groups tested perception between left and right hand has been compared. All dentists and all controls, except one, were right-handed. The dentists had in opposition to the controls, been exposed professionally to local vibration with high frequencies (>1000 Hz) from ultra high speed handpieces used in modern dental work. For dentists a reduction of vibration perception could be shown for the right hand. For controls no differencies in vibration perception between hands could be shown. This result supports the suspicion that vibration with high frequencies (>1000 Hz) has a negative influence on human tissues and structures of tissues.
Low Frequency Noise from a Big Building Due to Oscillatory Forces of a Machine
Authors: Nishiwaki Niichi , Fujio Noboru , Mori Takuji 
Published: July 2017

People living in houses near a big factory complained about chattering of glass windows. At one of these houses, the SPL of low frequency noise was about 66 dB at 5.5 Hz and ground acceleration level was about 40 dB at 9 Hz in the horizontal direction. (0 dB acceleration = 10−5 m/s2). We found that the noise and ground vibration were caused by a big grinding mill in the factory, because both SPL and acceleration level at the residential district were considerably decreased when the mill was not in operation. We also confirmed that low frequency noise was not transmitted from the grinding mill directly, but was due to the resonant vibration of walls of the factory building. Two ideas are studied here to suppress the noise, one of which is to isolate the vibration of the grinding mill at its foundation, and the other is to improve the stiffness of the building frames to stop the wall vibration. As a result of the study, the latter method to increase the stiffness of the building was adopted. The SPL of low frequency noise near the wall was decreased.
Changes in Wakefulness during Exposure to Infrasound
Authors: Landström Ulf , Liszka Ludwik , Danielsson Ake , Lindmark Asta , Lindqwist Marianne , Söderberg Lena 
Published: July 2017

The present experiments were designed in order to investigate the effect of infrasound on wakefulness. 20 male subjects were exposed in a pressure chamber designed for high infrasonic sound levels. The level was adjusted to 125 dB(Lin) for the frequencies 6 Hz, 12 Hz, 16 Hz and intermittent 16 Hz. During exposure measurements were made on EEG, blood pressure and heart activity. Exposure to intermittent 16 Hz and 6 Hz were found to stimulate the appearance of drowsy states. The effect was verified through deorganization of the alpha activity in EEG and appearance of theta waves (recorded in periods of 5 minutes), lowering of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and reductions in heart frequency. On the basis of these results it is suggested that exposure to infrasound might, in some cases, be a stimulus for production of drowsy states.
Hygienic Assessment of Low Frequency Noise Annoyance in Working Environments
Authors: Holmberg Kjell , Landstrom Ulf , Söderberg Lena , Kjellberg Anders , Tesarz Maria 
Published: July 2017

Different ways of assessing low frequency noise below the level of hearing damage to predict noise annoyance are treated. Three methods for classification of low frequency noise are tested. Some assessment methods, e.g. low frequency noise ratings (LFNR), frequency weightings A - D, the difference dB(C) - dB(A) and Zwicker loudness, are presented and evaluated regarding their relation to rated annoyance. Low frequency noise groups were selected out of 338 recordings from different occupational environments, e.g offices, laboratories, manufacturing premises, etc. The annoyance ratings were made on a graphic rating scale. The annoyance ratings corresponding to the recordings were correlated to the different low frequency noise measurements. Correlations between different low frequency noise measures and annoyance ratings are presented. None of the methods that are evaluated seems to fit better than the others for assessment of low frequency noise annoyance. A conclusion drawn is that when assessing low frequency. noises, the usual methods should be handled with care.
An Analysis of Vibrational Field, Generated by an Underground Tunnel in Soil
Authors: Kostarev S.A. 
Published: July 2017

In the paper an approach to calculation of vibration fields from industrial and transport sources in soil is described. This approach is based on physical aspects of acoustic wave propagation in nonhomogeneous media. Both computational and “organizational” (in obtaining exact initial geophysics media properties) are presented. Combined digital-analytic method, based on adaptive algorithms of orthogonal expansions, is proposed. New combined digital-analytic method for analyzing of physical problems is discussed. It is based on the adaptive expansions of considered functions in adjustable orthogonal basis in appropriate function space. Some computer realizations of described technology for acoustic and geophysics field analysis are presented. In particular a software package for analysis of vibration and acoustic situation on the ground surface and estimations of possible measures for vibration reduction.
Microseismic Investigations of Low Frequency Vibrations and Their Possible Effects on Populations
Authors: Rushforth I.M. , Styles P. , Manley D.M.J.P. , Toon S.M. 
Published: July 2017

Environmental low frequency noise and vibration (or “hum”) is a growing annoyance and potential health hazard to many people, according to surveys conducted by the UK's Low Frequency Noise Sufferer's Association. This paper describes attempts to measure the “hum” using microseismic methods. Sensitive three-component seismometers and high resolution digital dataloggers were employed in the homes of “hum” sufferers, and three-dimensional vibrational data were recorded overnight. Frequency analyses were then performed on the time series data using Fast Fourier Transform methods. In one case study, a clear signal was observed corresponding to a fundamental vibrational frequency peak of 10 Hz. At least one harmonic frequency peak (30 Hz) was also apparent. It is suggested that local industry of some kind (with machinery running overnight at an operating frequency of 10 Hz) may be responsible for this ground-borne disturbance. In another house occupied by “hum” sufferers, no notable ground velocities were recorded overnight with the seismometer mounted on ground floor concrete foundations. Significant levels of vibration were only observed in an upstairs bedroom, by placing the instrument on floorboards which appear to be excited by acoustic waves in the room. It is inferred that in this case the “hum” is predominantly air-borne; again, local industry is a likely source. Low frequency “hum”, both acoustic and ground-borne, is a very real problem which causes sufferers great distress. It is possible to measure the “hum” and determine its frequency characteristics using microseismic techniques. Urgent revision of current legislation is needed to limit industrial output levels of low frequency noise/vibration, especially at night time.
Washington, Women and Families
Authors: Van Leeuwen Mary Stewart 
Published: July 2017

A paper given at the Conference on “Issues Facing the New Administration”, Pepperdine University, January 1989. The nuclear family of much nostalgic conservative Christian rhetoric is a product of the industrial revolution making the father the absent bread winner. The family farm model where both parents shared parenting and providing roles is a better model for work patterns that enable boys and girls to relate to good role models of both genders in their childhood.
Responses to “A Movement Divided” by Samuel Escobar
Authors: Atullah Ramez 
Published: July 2017

In Transformation for October 1991, Samuel Escobar examined missiology in the Lausanne Movement. He suggested three models persisted - “post-imperial” missiology, managerial missiology and a critical missiology from the periphery. He suggested that the church-growth school failed to appreciate those aspects of missionary work that cannot be measured or reduced to figures. In this issue, Ramez Atullah from Egypt and Ralph Winter respond to Samuel Escobar, who also responds to his respondents.
Evaluation of a Constitutive Model for Shape Memory Alloys Embedded in Shell Structures
Authors: Hurlbut Bryan J. , Regelbrugge Marc E. 
Published: July 2017

The evaluation of a phenomenological three-dimensional constitutive model for shape memory alloys embedded in shell structures is presented. The constitutive model, originally proposed by Graesser and Cozzarelli, provides the capability to model both the martensitic twinning hysteresis and martensite-austenite superelastic behavior typical of shape memory alloys. This is achieved by casting the parameters used to define the behavior of the model in a temperature dependent form. The model is formulated using strain rate dependence to define the inelastic strain response of the shape memory alloy. The proposed three-dimensional equations are recast in the form of generalized plane stress for use with shell elements. Implementation of the model within a shell based finite element code is reviewed. The constitutive model was formulated as strain rate dependent, and was implemented using the concepts of endochronic plasticity resulting in an incremental form suitable for rate independent finite element analysis. Simulations of a passive vibration isolator consisting of a composite leaf-spring laminated with shape memory alloy foils are detailed. The vibration isolator is designed to dissipate energy by taking advantage of the shape memory alloy's stress induced martensite twinning hysteresis activated by bending of the leaf-spring arrangement. Adaptivity of the isolator is demonstrated using the shape memory effect to change from the passive isolation mode to a stiffer austenitic configuration via the shape memory effect. Isolation is intended for relatively large amplitude and low frequency excitation. A number of geometrical design alternatives are investigated using materially and geometrically non-linear finite element simulations. Results of the analyses show that large amounts of passive damping can be obtained using the laminated leaf spring arrangement.