bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
H-SPOOL
Authors: Komamizu Takahiro , Amagasa Toshiyuki , Kitagawa Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Linked data (LD) has promoted publishing information, and links published information. There are increasing number of LD datasets containing numerical data such as statistics. For this reason, analyzing numerical facts on LD has attracted attentions from diverse domains. This paper aims to support analytical processing for LD data.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper proposes a framework called H-SPOOL which provides series of SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) queries extracting objects and attributes from LD data sets, converts them into star/snowflake schemas and materializes relevant triples as fact and dimension tables for online analytical processing (OLAP).

Findings

The applicability of H-SPOOL is evaluated using exiting LD data sets on the Web, and H-SPOOL successfully processes the LD data sets to ETL (Extract, Transform, and Load) for OLAP. Besides, experiments show that H-SPOOL reduces the number of downloaded triples comparing with existing approach.

Originality/value
H-SPOOL is the first work for extracting OLAP-related information from SPARQL endpoints, and H-SPOOL drastically reduces the amount of downloaded triples.
Implicit communication robots based on automatic scenario generation using web intelligence
Authors: Mashimo Ryo , Kitamura Tatsuya , Umetani Tomohiro , Nadamoto Akiyo 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to propose a system that generates dialogue scenarios automatically in real time from Web news articles. Then, the authors used the Manzai metaphor, a form of Japanese traditional humorous comedy, in the system. The generated Manzai scenario consists of snappy patter and a humorous misunderstanding of dialogue based on the gap of our structure of funny points. The authors create communication robots to amuse people with the generated humorous robot dialogue scenarios.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors propose the following: how to generate funny dialogue-based scenario from Web news and Web intelligence, automatically? How to create direction of robots based on the pre-experiment? The authors conducted experiments from three viewpoints, namely, effectiveness of Manzai scenarios as content, effectiveness of Manzai-Robots as a medium and familiarity of Manzai-Robots.

Findings
In this paper, the authors find two points, namely, the new communication style called “human–robots implicit communication-and bridging the knowledge gap using Web intelligence, to communicate smoothly between humans and robots.

Originality/value
Numerous studies have examined communication robots that mutually communicate with people. However, for several reasons, communicating smoothly with people is difficult for robots. One reason is the problem of communication style. Another is knowledge gaps separating humans and robots. The authors propose a new communication style to solve the problems and designate the communication style based on dialogue between robots as “human-robot implicit communication”. The authors then create communication robots to communicate with people naturally, smoothly and with familiarity according to their dialogue.
Evaluations of lipid peroxidation and inflammation in short‐term glycerol‐induced acute kidney injury in rats
Authors: Nara Akina , Yajima Daisuke , Nagasawa Sayaka , Abe Hiroko , Hoshioka Yumi , Iwase Hirotaro 
Published: August 2016

SummaryRhabdomyolysis is characterised by acute kidney injury (AKI) resulting from skeletal muscle injury. Lipid peroxidation‐mediated oxidant injury and pro‐inflammatory cytokine‐mediated inflammatory response play critical roles in the pathogenesis of rhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI. The present study aimed to investigate the short‐term effects of both lipid peroxidation and inflammatory responses on rhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI in a rat model of glycerol‐induced rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis was induced by the intramuscular injection of 50% glycerol in saline (10 mL/kg) into the hind limbs of rats. Rats were killed 1 or 3 hours after glycerol injection. Time‐dependent increases in serum biochemical parameters, including blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, lactate dehydrogenase and creatine phosphokinase levels, were observed 1 hour after glycerol injection. In kidneys, glycerol injection resulted in histopathological changes such as renal tubular injury and renal tubular myoglobin deposition. Levels of Nε‐(hexanoyl)lysine‐modified, 4‐hydroxy‐2‐nonenal‐modified, and nitrotyrosine‐modified proteins in rat kidneys were unaltered at 1 hour after glycerol injection, but increased significantly at 3 hours. Increases in renal nitric oxide production and the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin‐6 and tumour necrosis factor‐α in the renal parenchyma were observed at 1 hour after glycerol injection and plateaued at 3 hours. Our findings suggest that the pro‐inflammatory cytokine‐mediated inflammatory response may cause rhabdomyolysis‐induced AKI very shortly after glycerol injection, and lipid peroxidation‐mediated oxidant injury may promote the development of these pathophysiological processes.
Antipodean agricultural and resource economics – introduction
Authors: Alston Julian M. , Anderson Kym , Pardey Philip G. 
Published: August 2016

In February 2016, the 60th Annual Conference of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society (AARES) was held in Canberra, 20 years since we added ‘and Resources’ to the Society's name and Journal. As one way of commemorating those anniversaries, a pre‐Conference workshop was held to highlight the contributions of the Society's agricultural and resource economists. Papers were solicited with the expectation that they would be presented in a way that is accessible for the broad membership of the Society and that revisions would be published along with reviewer comments in the Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics (AJARE). This Special Issue is the upshot. This article introduces the Issue and the other articles in it.
The WHO application of ICD‐10 to deaths during the perinatal period (ICD‐PM): results from pilot database testing in South Africa and United Kingdom
Authors: Allanson ER , Tunçalp Ö , Gardosi J , Pattinson RC , Francis A , Vogel JP , Erwich JJHM , Flenady VJ , Frøen JF , Neilson J , Quach A , Chou D , Mathai M , Say L , Gülmezoglu AM 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveTo apply the World Health Organization (WHO) Application of the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD‐10) to deaths during the perinatal period: ICD‐Perinatal Mortality (ICD‐PM) to existing perinatal death databases.DesignRetrospective application of ICD‐PM.SettingSouth Africa, UK.PopulationPerinatal death databases.MethodsDeaths were grouped according to timing of death and then by the ICD‐PM cause of death. The main maternal condition at the time of perinatal death was assigned to each case.Main outcome measuresCauses of perinatal mortality, associated maternal conditions.ResultsIn South Africa 344/689 (50%) deaths occurred antepartum, 11% (n = 74) intrapartum and 39% (n = 271) in the early neonatal period. In the UK 4377/9067 (48.3%) deaths occurred antepartum, with 457 (5%) intrapartum and 4233 (46.7%) in the neonatal period. Antepartum deaths were due to unspecified causes (59%), chromosomal abnormalities (21%) or problems related to fetal growth (14%). Intrapartum deaths followed acute intrapartum events (69%); neonatal deaths followed consequences of low birthweight/ prematurity (31%), chromosomal abnormalities (26%), or unspecified causes in healthy mothers (25%). Mothers were often healthy; 53%, 38% and 45% in the antepartum, intrapartum and neonatal death groups, respectively. Where there was a maternal condition, it was most often maternal medical conditions, and complications of placenta, cord and membranes.ConclusionsThe ICD‐PM can be a globally applicable perinatal death classification system that emphasises the need for a focus on the mother—baby dyad as we move beyond 2015.Tweetable abstractICD‐PM is a global system that classifies perinatal deaths and links them to maternal conditions.
Mortgage Shoppers: How Much Do They Save?
Authors: Damen Sven , Buyst Erik 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSurvey evidence suggests that many U.S. and European consumers do not spend a lot of time comparing mortgage products. We show, however, that mortgage shopping is associated with a substantial monetary payoff, using a unique data set from a website where borrowers (not the lenders) can post their complete set of received mortgage rate offers. A borrower who shops for five mortgage offers is able to save 7,078 euros in net present value on average. The potential savings suggest suboptimal mortgage shopping as the opportunity cost of time to renegotiate additional quotes is unlikely to be that high.
A New Age forQuercusspp. Fruits: Review on Nutritional and Phytochemical Composition and Related Biological Activities of Acorns
Authors: Vinha Ana F. , Barreira João C. M. , Costa Anabela S.G. , Oliveira M. Beatriz P. P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe current global food system must adapt to the expected growth of world population (about 9 billion individuals by 2050). This adaptation will probably include an increased consumption of edible wild foods, due to their richness in micronutrients and bioactive compounds, besides providing a cost‐effective and sustainable way of improving caloric food security. A striking example of such natural matrices is theQuercusgenus, which has the additional advantage of being widespread throughout the Northern Hemisphere. In a traditional sense,Quercusfruits (acorns) were mainly used in animal feeding, despite their potentially important role on the rural economy. But this preconception is changing. In fact, their nutritional value, high contents in phytochemical compounds, biological activity (such as antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, and cardioprotective properties) and use in the treatment of specific diseases (such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, or Alzheimer's disease) have raised the interest in integrating acorns into the human diet. Accordingly, this comprehensive overview was designed to provide an evidence‐based review of the literature, with the objective to achieve useful conclusions regarding the nutritional properties, methodologies of extraction, identification, and characterization of a wide variety of bioactive compounds and scientifically validated bioactivities inQuercusspecies worldwide. The industrial by‐products from acorn oil extraction or flour production are also included. Data regarding the analytical techniques, individual compounds, and their bioactivities, are organized in tables. The reported data are discussed and directions for further investigations are suggested, highlighting the use of acorns in food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical applications.
Applying Disruptive Preference Test Protocols to Increase the Number of “No Preference” Responses in the Placebo Pair, Using Chinese Consumers
Authors: Xia Yixun , Zhong Fang , O'Mahony Michael 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOne form of paired preference test protocol requires consumers to assess 2 pairs of products. One is the target pair under consideration, while the other is a putatively identical pair named the “placebo pair” which is also presented as a control. Counterintuitively, the majority of consumers report preferences when presented with the placebo pair. Their response frequencies are hypothesized to be those of consumers having “no preference” and are compared with the response frequencies elicited by a target pair, to determine whether the target pair elicits significant preferences. The primary goal of this paper was to study the robustness of 2 new so called disruptive protocols that reduced the proportion of consumers, who reported preferences when assessing a putatively identical pair of products. For this task, the tests were performed in a different language, in a different country, using different products from before. The results showed that the proportion of consumers reporting preferences for the placebo pair was reduced, confirming earlier work. Also, comparison of dʹ values showed a lack of significant overall differences between the placebo and target pairs, while chi‐squared analyses indicated significant differences in the response frequencies. This indicated that the sample was segmented into 2 balanced groups with opposing preferences.
Mechanism of Different Stereoisomeric Astaxanthin in Resistance to Oxidative Stress in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Liu Xiaojuan , Luo Qingxin , Cao Yong , Goulette Timothy , Liu Xin , Xiao Hang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAs a potent antioxidant in human diet, astaxanthin (AST) may play important roles in alleviating oxidative stress‐driven adverse physiological effects. This study examined the effects of different stereoisomers of AST in protecting Caenorhabditis elegans from chemically induced oxidative stress. Three stereoisomers of AST investigated herein included 3S,3´S (S) AST, 3R,3´R (R) AST, and a statistical mixture (S: meso: R = 1:2:1) (M) AST. Under paraquat‐induced oxidative conditions, all three types of AST significantly enhanced survival rate of C. elegans. The accumulation levels of ROS in the worms were reduced by 40.12%, 30.05%, and 22.04% by S, R, and M AST, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with R and M AST, S significantly enhanced the expression levels of SOD‐3. The results of RNA‐Seq analysis demonstrated that AST protected C. elegans from oxidative damage potentially by modulating genes involved in the insulin/insulin‐like growth factor (IGF) signaling (IIS) pathway and the oxidoreductase system. It is noteworthy that different stereoisomers of AST showed different effects on the expression levels of various genes related with oxidative stress. This study revealed important information on the in vivo antioxidative effects of AST stereoisomers, which might provide useful information for better utilization of AST.
Effect of Gradual Heating and Fat/Oil Type on Fat Stability, Texture, Color, and Microstructure of Meat Batters
Authors: Barbut S. , Youssef M. K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe effects of endpoint cooking temperature (40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 °C) on emulsion stability, texture, color, and microstructure of meat batters prepared with different fats/oils were studied. Canola oil treatments showed the highest cooking loss whereas hydrogenated palm oil provided the most stable meat batters. Rendered beef fat was less stable than regular beef fat. Increasing endpoint cooking temperatures resulted in a progressive reduction of water holding capacity in all treatments. As temperature was raised, meat batters showed higher hardness and cohesiveness values, but no appreciable changes in cohesiveness above 60 °C. Canola and hydrogenated palm oil treatments showed the highest hardness and chewiness values. Lightness (L*) values of all meat batters increased significantly with increasing temperature from 40 to 60 or 70 °C; no major changes observed above 70 °C. Light microscopy revealed no substantial changes in the microstructure of all the stable meat batters cooked to between 50 and 70 °C. Heating to 90 °C changed the microstructure in all meat batters except the hydrogenated palm oil treatments, which still showed nonround fat particles and a less aggregated protein matrix.
Variations in target volume definition and dose to normal tissue using anatomic versus biological imaging (18F‐FDG‐PET) in the treatment of bone metastases: results from a 3‐arm randomized phase II trial
Authors: Berwouts Dieter , De Wolf Katrien , De Neve Wilfried , Olteanu Luiza AM , Lambert Bieke , Speleers Bruno , Goethals Ingeborg , Madani Indira , Ost Piet 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionTo report the impact on target volume delineation and dose to normal tissue using anatomic versus biological imaging (18F‐FDG‐PET) for bone metastases.MethodsPatients with uncomplicated painful bone metastases were randomized (1:1:1) and blinded to receive either 8 Gy in a single fraction with conventionally planned radiotherapy (ConvRT‐8 Gy) or 8 Gy in a single fraction with dose‐painting‐by‐numbers (DPBN) dose range between 6 and 10 Gy) (DPBN‐8 Gy) or 16 Gy in a single fraction with DPBN (dose range between 14 and 18 Gy) (DPBN‐16 Gy). The primary endpoint was overall pain response at 1 month. Volumes of the gross tumour volume (GTV) – both biological (GTVPET) and anatomical (GTVCT) ‐, planning target volume (PTV), dose to the normal tissue and maximum standardized‐uptake values (SUVMAX) were analysed (secondary endpoint).ResultsSixty‐three percent of the GTVCT volume did not show 18F‐FDG‐uptake. On average, 20% of the GTVPET volume was outside GTVCT. The volume of normal tissue receiving 4 Gy, 6 Gy and 8 Gy was at least 3×, 6× and 13× smaller in DPBN‐8 Gy compared to ConvRT‐8 Gy and DPBN‐16 Gy (P < 0.05).ConclusionPositron emitting tomography‐information potentially changes the target volume for bone metastases. DPBN between 6 and 10 Gy significantly decreases dose to the normal tissue compared to conventional radiotherapy.
High‐risk CTV delineation for cervix brachytherapy: Application of GEC‐ESTRO guidelines in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Vinod Shalini K , Lim Karen , Bell Lauren , Veera Jacqueline , Ohanessian Lucy , Juresic Ewa , Borok Nira , Chan Phillip , Chee Raphael , Do Viet , Govindarajulu Geetha , Sridharan Swetha , Johnson Carol , Moses Daniel , Van Dyk Sylvia , Holloway Lois 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIntroductionImage‐based brachytherapy for cervical cancer using MRI has been implemented in Australia and New Zealand. The aims of this study were to measure variability in High‐risk CTV (HR‐CTV) delineation and evaluate dosimetric consequences of this.MethodsNine radiation oncologists, one radiation therapist and two radiologists contoured HR‐CTV on 3T MRI datasets from ten consecutive patients undergoing cervical brachytherapy at a single institution. Contour comparisons were performed using the Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) and Mean Absolute Surface Distance (MASD). Two reference contours were created for brachytherapy planning: a Simultaneous Truth and Performance Level Estimation (STAPLE) and a consensus contour (CONSENSUS). Optimized plans (8 Gy) for both these contours were applied to individual participant's contours to assess D90 and D100 coverage of HR CTV. To compare variability in dosimetry, relative standard deviation (rSD) was calculated.ResultsGood concordance (mean DSC≥0.7, MASD≤5 mm) was achieved in 8/10 cases when compared to the STAPLE reference and 6/10 cases when compared to the CONSENSUS reference. Greatest variation was visually seen in the cranio‐caudal direction. The average mean rSD across all patients was 27% and 34% for the STAPLE HR‐CTV D90 and D100, respectively, and 28% and 35% for the CONSENSUS HR‐CTV D90 and D100. Delineation uncertainty resulted in an average dosimetric uncertainty of ±1.5–1.6 Gy per fraction based on an 8 Gy prescribed fraction.ConclusionsDelineation of HR‐CTV for cervical cancer brachytherapy was consistent amongst observers, suggesting similar interpretation of GEC‐ESTRO guidelines. Despite the good concordance, there was dosimetric variation noted, which could be clinically significant.
Hyperstate matrix models: extending demographic state spaces to higher dimensions
Authors: Roth Gregory , Caswell Hal 
Published: August 2016

Summary

Demographic models describe population dynamics in terms of the movement of individuals among states (e.g. size, age, developmental stage, parity, frailty, physiological condition). Matrix population models originally classified individuals by a single characteristic. This was enlarged to two characteristics in vec‐permutation models and the closely related megamatrix models. However, it has been recognised that the interplay of more than two characteristics can affect the population dynamics.

Here, we present a framework, called hyperstate matrix model, in which individuals may be classified by any number of characteristics, using the generalisation of the vec‐permutation approach to hypermatrices. These models are constructed from a simple block‐diagonal matrix formulation of the movement of individuals among each dimension of the i‐state.

This framework provides a step‐by‐step construction and makes available the usual demographic analysis developed for classical matrix models. In particular, we derive a general formula for the sensitivity of any output of the hyperstate matrix model, to any vector of parameters. In spite of the technicalities underlying these models, implementation is straightforward and we provide the MATLAB code to carry it out.

We apply this approach to a three‐dimensional example in which individuals are classified by developmental stage, age and heterogeneity classes. The analysis of this model provides insights into how the heritability of the heterogeneity classes affects the long‐term growth rate of the population.

As the questions in conservation biology become more sophisticated and data on threatened species become more detailed, multiple dimensions in demographic models will become increasingly important. Hyperstate matrix methods will make such analyses possible and directly applicable to conservation and population management.
Marginal or conditional regression models for correlated non‐normal data?
Authors: Muff Stefanie , Held Leonhard , Keller Lukas F. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryCorrelated data are ubiquitous in ecological and evolutionary research, and appropriate statistical analysis requires that these correlations are taken into account. For regressions with correlated, non‐normal outcomes, two main approaches are used: conditional and marginal modelling. The former leads to generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs), while the latter are estimated using generalized estimating equations (GEEs), or marginalized multilevel regression models. Differences, advantages and drawbacks of conditional and marginal models have been discussed extensively in the statistical and applied literature, and there is some agreement that the choice of the model must depend on the question under study. Yet, there still appears to be a lot of confusion and disagreement over when to choose which model.We start with a review of conditional and marginal models, and the differences in the interpretation of the resulting parameter estimates. We highlight that the two types of models propagate different linear relations between the covariates and the response. Moreover, while conditional models explicitly account for heterogeneity among clustered observations, marginal models yield averages over such heterogeneities and are therefore often interpreted as population‐averaged models.We point out theoretically and with an example that when modelling non‐normal outcomes no unambiguous definition of a marginal model generally exists. Instead, marginal model parameters are marginal only with respect to unaccounted differences among clusters and thus depend on the fixed effects in the model. Therefore, marginal model parameters should not be loosely interpreted as population‐averaged parameters. In addition, we explain how marginal modelling is mathematically analogous to deliberately omitting covariates with explanatory power, and to deliberately introducing a Berkson measurement error into covariates. We also reiterate that marginal modelling is related to a well‐known statistical phenomenon, the Simpson's paradox.In most cases, therefore, we regard the conditional model as the more powerful choice to explain how covariates are associated with a non‐normal response. Still, marginal models can be useful, given that the scientific question explicitly requires such a model formulation.