bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Pupillary Size During Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery
Authors: Rodríguez-García Alejandro , Hernández-Camarena Julio C. , López-Jaime Gilberto R. , Nava-García José A. 
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:
To compare the effectiveness of three different topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in inhibiting surgically induced miosis during uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification.

METHODS:

Prospective, randomized, double-masked comparative study of patients aged 40 years or older with grades II to III cataracts (Lens Opacities Classification System) and no other comorbidities. Participants were randomized into four groups: 0.1% nepafenac, 0.03% flurbiprofen, 0.4% ketorolac, or lubricant (control group). Medications were applied three times, starting 90 minutes before surgery at 30-minute intervals. Phacoemulsification was performed by the same surgeon using the stop-and-chop technique. Pupillary area and vertical and horizontal pupil diameters were measured at five surgical stages and analyzed with a computerized image system. Multiple comparison tests were performed to analyze intergroup differences. A
P
value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS:

A total of 88 eyes were included in the study (22 eyes per group). Maximum pupillary area at the end of surgery was observed in the nepafenac group (62.72 ± 9.75 mm
2
) versus the ketorolac, flurbiprofen, and control groups (
P
= .003,
P
=.001, and
P
< .001, respectively). The percentage of pupillary area loss at the end of surgery was 7.50% with nepafenac, 9.84% with flurbiprofen, 10.09% with ketorolac, and 13.83% with control. A trend to larger pupillary area and diameters was found in the nepafenac, flurbiprofen, and ketorolac groups compared with the control group, with better performance in maintaining larger pupil diameters and area in the nepafenac group at all surgical stages.

CONCLUSIONS:
All NSAIDs were effective in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis during uncomplicated cataract phacoemulsification compared to the control group.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2017;33(4):236–242.]
Effects of Short-term Preoperative Topical Ketorolac on Pupil Diameter in Eyes Undergoing Femtosecond Laser–Assisted Capsulotomy
Authors: Diakonis Vasilios F. , Kontadakis Georgios A. , Anagnostopoulos Apostolos G. , Yesilirmak Nilufer , Waren Daniel P. , Cabot Florence , Yoo Sonia H. , Donaldson Kendall E. 
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:
To assess pupil diameter before and after femtosecond laser–assisted capsulotomy in patients who were pretreated with a short-term topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (ketorolac) versus those without pretreatment.

METHODS:
This prospective, randomized, observational case series included consecutive patients scheduled to undergo cataract extraction using the Catalys femtosecond laser platform (Abbott Medical Optics, Inc., Santa Ana, CA) to perform only capsulotomies. The same protocol for preoperative medical mydriasis was used for all patients, whereas pupil diameter was assessed using a surgical ruler immediately before and 3 minutes after femtosecond laser–assisted capsulotomy. The patients were divided into two groups: one received short-term topical ketorolac preoperatively and the other did not receive NSAID pretreatment (control).

RESULTS:

A total of 42 eyes of 42 patients (1 eye per patient) were included in the study. Mean pupillary miosis was 0.79 ± 1.08 and 1.57 ± 1.19 mm for the ketorolac and control groups, respectively. There was a statistically significant decrease in pupil diameter for both groups individually (
P
< .05). There was also a statistically significant difference between the two groups (
P
< .05) with the induced miosis in the eyes that did not receive topical NSAIDs prior to cataract extraction being twofold greater when compared with the miosis of the eyes that received ketorolac pretreatment.

CONCLUSIONS:
Short-term topical use of ketorolac prior to femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery seems to induce significantly less pupillary miosis in comparison to eyes that did not receive NSAID pretreatment. NSAID use is advised prior to femtosecond laser–assisted cataract surgery to minimize pupil miosis–related surgical difficulties or complications during cataract extraction.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):230–234.]
Preliminary Evidence of Successful Near Vision Enhancement With a New Technique: PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule (PEARL) Corneal Inlay Using a SMILE Lenticule
Authors: Jacob Soosan , Kumar Dhivya Ashok , Agarwal Amar , Agarwal Athiya , Aravind Ramalingam , Saijimol A. I. 
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:
To describe a new technique (PrEsbyopic Allogenic Refractive Lenticule [PEARL] inlay) using an allogenic corneal inlay prepared from a small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) lenticule.

METHODS:

A SMILE lenticule of specified thickness (mean: 61.5 ± 3.32
µ
m) was trephined at the center to 1-mm diameter and implanted in the cornea on the coaxially sighted light reflex under a femtosecond laser–created cap of 120
µ
m in the nondominant eye of presbyopic patients.

RESULTS:
Four emmetropic presbyopic patients underwent PEARL inlay implantation in the nondominant eye. In the operated eye, uncorrected near visual acuity at 33 cm improved from J8 to J2 in one and from J5, J6, and J7, respectively, to J2 in three operated eyes with improvement between three and five lines in all eyes. Uncorrected intermediate visual acuity ranged between J3 and J5 at 67 cm and uncorrected distance visual acuity remained 20/20 in the operated eye and binocularly. The patients were comfortable and reported independence from glasses for near, intermediate, and distance for all of their routine visual tasks for the 6-month follow-up period. There were no complaints of dysphotopsia or troublesome night glare/halos. All lenticules remained well centered during the follow-up and no lenticule-induced complications were seen. All patients reported satisfaction with the surgical procedure. Topography showed a central area of prolateness corresponding to the PEARL inlay. The inlay was not visible on naked eye examination.

CONCLUSIONS:
This preliminary study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of a PEARL corneal inlay for presbyopic correction. Further studies are recommended to determine long-term outcomes.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):224–229.]
Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography Vault Measurement in Posterior Chamber Phakic Intraocular Lens Implantation
Authors: Tan Tien-En , Liu Yu-Chi , Jayasinghe Lasitha Saroj , Mehta Jodhbir S. 
Published: April 2017

PURPOSE:
To describe the use of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (OCT) vault measurement in 5 cases of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens (IOL) implantation.

METHODS:
This case series included 5 eyes in 3 consecutive patients undergoing phakic IOL implantation. RTVue OCT (Optovue, Inc., Fremont, CA) was used to obtain intraoperative vault measurements after pupil constriction. Visante OCT (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany) was used to obtain postoperative vault measurements.

RESULTS:

Intraoperative vault measurements ranged from 228 to 1,060
µ
m. There were no postoperative complications. Postoperative OCT vault measurements ranged from 230 to 670
µ
m.

CONCLUSIONS:
Intraoperative OCT can be a useful tool in phakic IOL implantation to provide real-time intraoperative vault measurements. This may help to confirm appropriate phakic IOL sizing and guide decision-making at the time of surgery.

[
J Refract Surg.
2017;33(4):274–277.]
IL-7Rα Expression Regulates Murine Dendritic Cell Sensitivity to Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin
Authors: Kummola Laura , Ortutay Zsuzsanna , Chen Xi , Caucheteux Stephane , Hämäläinen Sanna , Aittomäki Saara , Yagi Ryoji , Zhu Jinfang , Pesu Marko , Paul William E. , Junttila Ilkka S. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) and IL-7 are related cytokines that mediate growth and differentiation events in the immune system. They signal through IL-7Rα–containing receptors. Target cells of TSLP in Th2 responses include CD4 T cells and dendritic cells (DCs). Although it has been reported that expression of TSLP receptor (TSLPR) on CD4 T cells is required for OVA-induced lung inflammation, DCs have also been shown to be target cells of TSLP. In this study, we show that murine ex vivo splenic DCs are unresponsive to TSLP, as they fail to phosphorylate STAT5, but in vitro overnight culture, especially in presence of IL-4, renders DCs responsive to both TSLP and IL-7. This induced responsiveness is accompanied by dramatic upregulation of IL-7Rα on DCs with little change in expression of TSLPR or of γc. In splenic DCs, the induction of IL-7Rα occurs mainly in CD8− DCs. In vivo, we found that IL-4 has a differential regulatory role on expression of IL-7Rα depending on the cell type; IL-4 decreases IL-7Rα expression on CD4 T cells whereas it upregulates the expression on DCs. Our results indicate that the induction of IL-7Rα expression on DCs is critical for TSLP responsiveness and that IL-4 can upregulate IL-7Rα on DCs.
A Novel miR-24–TCF1 Axis in Modulating Effector T Cell Responses
Authors: Cho Sunglim , Wu Cheng-Jang , Nguyen Duc T. , Lin Ling-Li , Chen Mei-Chi , Khan Aly Azeem , Yang Bi-Huei , Fu Wenxian , Lu Li-Fan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
miR-23∼27∼24 was recently implicated in restricting Th2 immunity, as well as the differentiation and function of other effector T cell lineages. Interestingly, miR-24, unlike other family members, actually promotes Th1 and Th17 responses. In this article, we show that miR-24 drives the production of IFN-γ and IL-17 in T cells at least in part through targeting TCF1, a transcription factor known for its role in limiting Th1 and Th17 immunity. Surprisingly, whereas TCF1 was previously shown to promote Th2 responses through inducing GATA3, enforced TCF1 expression in miR-24–overexpressing T cells led to further downregulation of IL-4 and GATA3 expression, suggesting miR-24–mediated inhibition of Th2 immunity cannot be attributed to TCF1 repression by miR-24. Together, our data demonstrate a novel miR-24–TCF1 pathway in controlling effector cytokine production by T cells and further suggest miR-24 could function as a key upstream molecule regulating TCF1-mediated immune responses.
Internal Medicine Residents' Ambulatory Management of Core Geriatric Conditions
Authors: Callahan Kathryn E. , Wilson Lindsay A. , Pavon Juliessa M. , Lovato James F. , Atkinson Hal H. , Busby-Whitehead Jan , Dalton Thomas , Heflin Mitchell T. , Iverson Patricia , Lawlor Janice S. , Marsden Justin , Moran William P. , Roberts Ellen , Williamson Jeff D. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Background
Adults aged 65 years and older account for more than 33% of annual visits to internal medicine (IM) generalists and specialists. Geriatrics experiences are not standardized for IM residents. Data are lacking on IM residents' continuity experiences with older adults and competencies relevant to their care.

Objective
To explore patient demographics and the prevalence of common geriatric conditions in IM residents' continuity clinics.

Methods
We collected data on age and sex for all IM residents' active clinic patients during 2011–2012. Academic site continuity panels for 351 IM residents were drawn from 4 academic medical center sites. Common geriatric conditions, defined by Assessing Care of Vulnerable Elders measures and the American Geriatrics Society IM geriatrics competencies, were identified through International Classification of Disease, ninth edition, coded electronic problem lists for residents' patients aged 65 years and older and cross-checked by audit of 20% of patients' charts across 1 year.

Results
Patient panels for 351 IM residents (of a possible 411, 85%) were reviewed. Older adults made up 21% of patients in IM residents' panels (range, 14%–28%); patients ≥ 75 (8%) or 85 (2%) years old were relatively rare. Concordance between electronic problem lists and chart audit was poor for most core geriatric conditions. On chart audit, active management of core geriatric conditions was variable: for example, memory loss (10%–25%), falls/gait abnormality (26%–42%), and osteoporosis (11%–35%).

Conclusions
The IM residents' exposure to core geriatric conditions and management of older adults was variable across 4 academic medical center sites and often lower than anticipated in community practice.
Validation of digital elevation models (DEMs) and comparison of geomorphic metrics on the southern Central Andean Plateau
Authors: Purinton Benjamin , Bookhagen Bodo 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. In this study, we validate and compare elevation accuracy and geomorphic metrics of satellite-derived digital elevation models (DEMs) on the southern Central Andean Plateau. The plateau has an average elevation of 3.7 km and is characterized by diverse topography and relief, lack of vegetation, and clear skies that create ideal conditions for remote sensing. At 30 m resolution, SRTM-C, ASTER GDEM2, stacked ASTER L1A stereopair DEM, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X have been analyzed. The higher-resolution datasets include 12 m TanDEM-X, 10 m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X DEMs, and 5 m ALOS World 3D. These DEMs are state of the art for optical (ASTER and ALOS) and radar (SRTM-C and TanDEM-X) spaceborne sensors. We assessed vertical accuracy by comparing standard deviations of the DEM elevation versus 307 509 differential GPS measurements across 4000 m of elevation. For the 30 m DEMs, the ASTER datasets had the highest vertical standard deviation at > 6.5 m, whereas the SRTM-C, ALOS World 3D, and TanDEM-X were all < 3.5 m. Higher-resolution DEMs generally had lower uncertainty, with both the 12 m TanDEM-X and 5 m ALOS World 3D having < 2 m vertical standard deviation. Analysis of vertical uncertainty with respect to terrain elevation, slope, and aspect revealed the low uncertainty across these attributes for SRTM-C (30 m), TanDEM-X (12–30 m), and ALOS World 3D (5–30 m). Single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X 10 m DEMs and the 30 m ASTER GDEM2 displayed slight aspect biases, which were removed in their stacked counterparts (TanDEM-X and ASTER Stack). Based on low vertical standard deviations and visual inspection alongside optical satellite data, we selected the 30 m SRTM-C, 12–30 m TanDEM-X, 10 m single-CoSSC TerraSAR-X/TanDEM-X, and 5 m ALOS World 3D for geomorphic metric comparison in a 66 km2 catchment with a distinct river knickpoint. Consistent m∕n values were found using chi plot channel profile analysis, regardless of DEM type and spatial resolution. Slope, curvature, and drainage area were calculated and plotting schemes were used to assess basin-wide differences in the hillslope-to-valley transition related to the knickpoint. While slope and hillslope length measurements vary little between datasets, curvature displays higher magnitude measurements with fining resolution. This is especially true for the optical 5 m ALOS World 3D DEM, which demonstrated high-frequency noise in 2–8 pixel steps through a Fourier frequency analysis. The improvements in accurate space-radar DEMs (e.g., TanDEM-X) for geomorphometry are promising, but airborne or terrestrial data are still necessary for meter-scale analysis.
The COSMO-CLM 4.8 regional climate model coupled to regional ocean, land surface and global earth system models using OASIS3-MCT: description and performance
Authors: Will Andreas , Akhtar Naveed , Brauch Jennifer , Breil Marcus , Davin Edouard , Ho-Hagemann Ha T. M. , Maisonnave Eric , Thürkow Markus , Weiher Stefan 
Published: April 2017

Abstract. We developed a coupled regional climate system model based on the CCLM regional climate model. Within this model system, using OASIS3-MCT as a coupler, CCLM can be coupled to two land surface models (the Community Land Model (CLM) and VEG3D), the NEMO-MED12 regional ocean model for the Mediterranean Sea, two ocean models for the North and Baltic seas (NEMO-NORDIC and TRIMNP+CICE) and the MPI-ESM Earth system model.We first present the different model components and the unified OASIS3-MCT interface which handles all couplings in a consistent way, minimising the model source code modifications and defining the physical and numerical aspects of the couplings. We also address specific coupling issues like the handling of different domains, multiple usage of the MCT library and exchange of 3-D fields.We analyse and compare the computational performance of the different couplings based on real-case simulations over Europe. The usage of the LUCIA tool implemented in OASIS3-MCT enables the quantification of the contributions of the coupled components to the overall coupling cost. These individual contributions are (1) cost of the model(s) coupled, (2) direct cost of coupling including horizontal interpolation and communication between the components, (3) load imbalance, (4) cost of different usage of processors by CCLM in coupled and stand-alone mode and (5) residual cost including i.a. CCLM additional computations.Finally a procedure for finding an optimum processor configuration for each of the couplings was developed considering the time to solution, computing cost and parallel efficiency of the simulation. The optimum configurations are presented for sequential, concurrent and mixed (sequential+concurrent) coupling layouts. The procedure applied can be regarded as independent of the specific coupling layout and coupling details.We found that the direct cost of coupling, i.e. communications and horizontal interpolation, in OASIS3-MCT remains below 7 % of the CCLM stand-alone cost for all couplings investigated. This is in particular true for the exchange of 450 2-D fields between CCLM and MPI-ESM. We identified remaining limitations in the coupling strategies and discuss possible future improvements of the computational efficiency.
No Ruins. No Ghosts.
Authors: Manning Paul 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
This article explores anxieties about the unhauntability of the landscapes of New World, expressed in the aphorism “No Ruins. No Ghosts.” I argue first that ruins have material agency and produce destabilizing affects affording the imagination of haunting anthropomorphic figures to animate the landscape. For settler colonials in both North America and Australia, the absence of homely haunted “picturesque” ruins in the “sublime wilderness” of the New World becomes a diagnostic predicament of both folkloric and literary narratives, speaking to a broader colonial anxiety of “unsettlement.” In the final sections I explore how Americans fashioned new kinds of ruin and new forms of haunting, including imagined sublime ruins of vast age that predate European settlement. In these imagined ruins I see the genesis of an aesthetics of haunting materially inspired by New World landscapes: the aesthetics of the American weird tale.
English Witches and SS Academics: Evaluating Sources for the English Witch Trials in Himmler's Hexenkartothek
Authors: Badger William , Purkiss Diane 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT
Prior to WWII, Heinrich Himmler organized a team of SS researchers to collate records of historical witchcraft trials that had taken place in lands of the expanding Reich. The ideological pretext for this undertaking was the collection of evidence demonstrating an anti-German crusade by the Church. While this was a figment of historical imagination, the SS pursued it doggedly against the backdrop of the Holocaust. Whereas trials that had taken place on historically German lands were often sourced from primary documents to which the researchers had access within Reich libraries, trials further afield were less rigorously sourced. Little was done to differentiate between primary and secondary or even tertiary sources. One SS source for English witch trials was a text by a German-Jewish literary scholar about witchcraft in Renaissance drama. Such critical indifference on the part of the SS is thought by some to render the archive of little interest, but examining the ideological underpinnings of Nazi reception of these materials can help situate these researchers among the turbulent social and political structures of the Third Reich and its uneven privileging of the intellectual fringe. This also constitutes the first critical/biographical analysis in any language of the sources for the English trial cards in the catalog.
CALCULATION METHOD OF REAL ACTIVITY COEFFICIENTS OF IONS BY EXAMPLE OF HYDROGEN AND CHLORINE IONS IN AQUEOUS HCl SOLUTIONS
Authors: Fedorova Anastasia A. , Sharonov Nikolaiy Yu. , Filippov Dmitry V. 
Published: April 2017

In this paper, we proposed a calculating method of the real individual activity coefficients. To calculate the energy of the ion, transfer through the interface we offered to use the value of the electrolyte solution surface potential, and to use electronegativity elements values for accounting contribution of the charge transfer energy between the surface and the bulk solution. To verify the proposed equation, the activity coefficients of hydrogen and chlorine ions in an aqueous HCl solutions were calculated over a wide range of electrolyte concentrations. The Debye-Hückel equation within 2nd approximation describes satisfactorily the dependence of the activity coefficient on the electrolyte concentration for anions, but not reproduce the minimum on the curve for cations. This dependence for the cation H⁺ is most extremal, and namely it is the reason of the choice of HCl for the model calculation. The calculated values were compared with the data obtained from the results of determining the activity coefficients by experimental method of "vertical jet" [1]. The comparison showed that our proposed equation reproduces the character of the concentration dependence of real activity coefficients not for anion only but for cation as well. Previously we found, that at low concentrations of solutes up to 0.1 mol/kg the values of some thermodynamic characteristics are strongly determined by not the volume concentration of the electrolyte, but the restructuring of the solvent structure in the surface layer of the solution, and therefore, the changing the energy state of the molecules at the interphase surface. Hence, the number of cations and anions at the surface in the areas of high and low bulk concentrations of electrolyte also differ greatly. Obviously, the small variation between calculated and experimental values of the real activity coefficients may be connected with necessity of using at calculation the bulk and surface concentration of ions. For citation:Fedorovа A.A., Sharonov N.Yu., Filippov D.V. Calculation method of real activity coefficients of ions by example of hydrogen and chlorine ions in aqueous HCl solutions. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 3. P. 29-35.