bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serum Uric Acid Level as a Prognostic Marker in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Choi Sun Mi , Lee Jinwoo , Park Young Sik , Lee Chang-Hoon , Yim Jae-Joon , Yoo Chul-Gyu , Kim Young Whan , Han Sung Koo , Lee Sang-Min 
Published: March 2017

Purpose: Uric acid acts as both a pathogenic inflammatory mediator and an antioxidative agent. Several studies have shown that uric acid level correlates with the incidence, severity, and prognosis of pulmonary diseases. However, the association between uric acid level and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has not been studied. This study was conducted to elucidate how serum uric acid level is related with clinical prognosis of ARDS. Methods: A retrospective cohort study with propensity score matching was conducted at a medical intensive care unit of a tertiary teaching hospital. The medical records of patients diagnosed with ARDS admitted from 2005 through 2011 were reviewed. Results: Two hundred thirty-seven patients with ARDS met the inclusion criteria. Patients with a serum uric acid level <3.0 mg/dL were classified into the low uric acid group, and those with a level ≥3 mg/dL were classified into the normal to high uric acid group. We selected 40 patients in each group using propensity score matching. A higher percentage of patients in the low uric acid group experienced clinical improvement in ARDS. More patients died from sepsis in the normal to high uric acid group. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that a low serum uric acid level was significantly associated with better survival rate. Conclusion: In patients with ARDS, a low serum uric acid level may be a prognostic marker of a low risk of in-hospital mortality.
Stratified aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index accurately predicts survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing curative liver resection
Authors: Yang Hao-Jie , Jiang Jing-Hang , Yang Yu-Ting , Guo Zhe , Li Ji-jia , Liu Xuan-han , Lu Fei , Zeng Feng-Hua , Ye Jin-Song , Zhang Ke-Lan , Chen Neng-Zhi , Xiang Bang-De , Li Le-Qun 
Published: March 2017

The aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index has been reported to predict prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This study examined the prognostic potential of stratified aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index for hepatocellular carcinoma patients undergoing curative liver resection. A total of 661 hepatocellular carcinoma patients were retrieved and the associations between aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index and clinicopathological variables and survivals (overall survival and disease-free survival) were analyzed. Higher aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index quartiles were significantly associated with poorer overall survival (p = 0.002) and disease-free survival (p = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index to be an independent risk factor for overall survival (p = 0.018) and disease-free survival (p = 0.01). Patients in the highest aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index quartile were at 44% greater risk of death than patients in the first quartile (hazard ratio = 1.445, 95% confidence interval = 1.081 – 1.931, p = 0.013), as well as 49% greater risk of recurrence (hazard ratio = 1.49, 95% confidence interval = 1.112–1.998, p = 0.008). Subgroup analysis also showed aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index to be an independent predictor of poor overall survival and disease-free survival in patients positive for hepatitis B surface antigen or with cirrhosis (both p < 0.05). Similar results were obtained when aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index was analyzed as a dichotomous variable with cutoff values of 0.25 and 0.62. Elevated preoperative aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index may be independently associated with poor overall survival and disease-free survival in hepatocellular carcinoma patients following curative resection.
Is knee pain information on YouTube videos perceived to be helpful? An analysis of user comments and implications for dissemination on social media
Authors: Meldrum Sarah , Savarimuthu Bastin TR , Licorish Sherlock , Tahir Amjed , Bosu Michael , Jayakaran Prasath 
Published: March 2017

Objective There is little research that characterises knee pain related information disseminated via social media. However, variances in the content and quality of such sources could compromise optimal patient care. This study explored the nature of the comments on YouTube videos related to non-specific knee pain, to determine their helpfulness to the users. Methods A systematic search identified 900 videos related to knee pain on the YouTube database. A total of 3537 comments from 58 videos were included in the study. A categorisation scheme was developed and 1000 randomly selected comments were analysed according to this scheme. Results The most common category was the users providing personal information or describing a personal situation (19%), followed by appreciation or acknowledgement of others’ inputs (17%) and asking questions (15%). Of the questions, 33% were related to seeking help in relation to a specific situation. Over 10% of the comments contained negativity or disagreement; while 4.4% of comments reported they intended to pursue an action, based on the information presented in the video and/or from user comments. Conclusion It was observed that individuals commenting on YouTube videos on knee pain were most often soliciting advice and information specific to their condition. The analysis of comments from the most commented videos using a keyword-based search approach suggests that the YouTube videos can be used for disseminating general advice on knee pain.
The Pediatric/Adolescent Shoulder Survey (PASS): A Reliable Youth Questionnaire With Discriminant Validity and Responsiveness to Change
Authors: Edmonds Eric W. , Bastrom Tracey P. , Roocroft Joanna H. , Calandra-Young Valerie A. , Pennock Andrew T. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Health-related quality of life tools for shoulder pathology in adults have been developed, such as the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) or QuickDASH. However, some content is not applicable to or readily grasped by a younger population. Purpose: To evaluate the psychometric properties of a new 13-item pediatric/adolescent shoulder survey (PASS). Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 2. Methods: An initial development cohort of children was given the PASS, QuickDASH, and single assessment numeric evaluation (SANE) in a prospective fashion. Internal reliability and concurrent validity were evaluated. Subsequent to this, the PASS, along with the QuickDASH, was incorporated into routine clinical evaluation of shoulder injuries. The secondary cohort was established via a retrospective review of patients (age <18 years) evaluated in our sports clinics for shoulder complaints. Discriminant validity and floor/ceiling effects were evaluated. A subset of patients with scores available both pre- and within 6 months postoperatively was analyzed to assess responsiveness to treatment. Results: Overall internal reliability of the shoulder survey was good in the development cohort of 127 patients, with Cronbach α = 0.86. Total score averaged 59.7% ± 17.9% in this cohort (range, 18.75%-100%). Significant correlations between all surveys were observed ( r = 0.51-0.79, P < .05). A total of 127 surveys were available for the secondary cohort. The QuickDASH demonstrated significant differences between sexes with regard to scores ( P < .05). Both tools were able to discriminate between patients with acute injuries and diminished clinical examinations ( P < .05). A significant correlation was observed between duration of symptoms and scores on the PASS. The subset of 25 patients with pre- and postoperative data showed significant change in total score and the symptoms/limitations domain of the PASS, with significant correlation with length of time since surgery. Conclusion: This 13-question pediatric/adolescent-focused shoulder survey shows excellent psychometric properties, good discriminant ability, and early evidence of responsiveness to change, especially when compared with an adult-formatted questionnaire.
Mineralogical and geochemical characterisation of warm-water, shallow-marine glaucony from the Tertiary of the London Basin
Authors: Huggett Jennifer , Adetunji Jacob , Longstaffe Fred , Wray David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractGlaucony is present in the Palaeocene sediments of the London Basin, from the Thanet Sand Formation to the gravel beds at the base of the Lower Mottled Beds of the Reading Formation. The Upnor Formation glaucony is a rare example of formation in warm, shallow, brackish water and this, combined with the ready availability of fresh material from boreholes, make this study important in developing our understanding of this mineral. Glaucony comprises up to 50% of the Upnor Formation, a grey to green sandstone, of variable thickness and composition, which was deposited in awarm, shallow, marine to estuarine environment, ∼55.6–56.2 Ma. Using morphological criteria, X-ray diffraction data and K+abundance, the Upnor glaucony may be defined as evolved. The underlying shallow marine Thanet Sand contains <5% of nascent to slightly evolved glaucony. The rare earth element (REE) data for the Upnor Formation suggest more than one source for the sediment from which the Upnor glaucony formed, while the ThanetREEdata are consistent with a large detrital clay component.In the Upnor Formation, the large proportion of glaucony that occurs as granule fragments rather than whole granules, and the high-energy estuarine to shallow-marine environment of deposition, are indicative of reworking. The Upnor glaucony is inferred to be intraformationally reworked, rather than derived from the Thanet Sand Formation. The glaucony may have formed in sediments deposited away from the main estuarine channel, and been subsequently reworked into higher-energy sediments.Warm seas with freshwater mixing are more typically characteristic of verdine formation than of glaucony. The shallow, brackish environment of deposition suggests that there is not a clear distinction between the environmental requirements of verdine (or odinite) and glaucony (or glauconite), as is often proposed. The highly fractured, delicate nature of some granules indicates that they have experienced somematurationin situ, after reworking.The oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of Upnor Formation shark teeth and glaucony point to formation in low-salinity water at ∼23 ± 3°C, also consistent with formation in the Upnor Formation, rather than in a fully marine sediment and subsequent reworking. A higher than normal temperature of formation may have increased the rate of evolution of glaucony.Our multidisciplinary study considers many of the factors relating to depositional environment that must be considered when glaucony-rich facies are encountered in comparable palaeo-environmental settings elsewhere in the geological record.
Tetrahedral charge and Fe content in dioctahedral smectites
Authors: Kaufhold S. , Stucki J.W. , Finck N. , Steininger R. , Zimina A. , Dohrmann R. , Ufer K. , Pentrák M. , Pentráková L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractNatural aluminosilicates can contain Fe in tetrahedral or octahedral coordination. Amongst smectites, tetrahedral iron is known to occur in Fe-rich nontronites but few indications exist for the presence of tetrahedral Fe in smectites of the montmorillonite–beidellite series. A set of 38 different bentonites showed a correlation of tetrahedral charge and Fe content in their smectites. All materials with large tetrahedral charge were rich in Fe. This could be explained by a general tendency of Fe to enter the tetrahedral sheet. To investigate this correlation, nine materials were selected and investigated by Mössbauer, UV-Vis, Fe K pre-edge and EXAFS spectroscopy with respect to tetrahedral Fe (Fe[IV]). The latter two methods were at the detection limit but Mössbauer and UV-Vis spectroscopy provided consistent results indicating the significance of both methods in spite of some scatter caused by the overall small amount of tetrahedral Fe. The results indicate the absence of any relation between Fe content and tetrahedral Fe. Tetrahedral Fe can be present in Fe-poor smectites and absent in the case of Fe-rich materials. This means that Fe-rich montmorillonites have a larger tetrahedral charge which is not caused by Fe[IV]but by Al[IV]. A possible explanation for this indirect relation is based on: the coordination of Al3+in the weathering/smectite-forming solutions determines the coordination in the precipitates; and the Al[IV/VI]ratio increases with increasing pH. The correlation could thus be explained if the pH of weathering solutions generally was higher in Fe-rich parent smectite rocks than in more acidic smectite parent rocks. The relation between tetrahedral charge and Fe content can probably be explained by different geochemical contexts throughout the formation of smectites which affect the coordination of dissolved Al.
Adsorption studies of hydrogen and ethylene on cation-exchanged bentonite
Authors: Alver Burcu Erdoğan 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe adsorption of C2H4 and H2 gases by bentonite from the Ünye region, Turkey both as raw (B) and as K+-, Li+-, Ag+- and Mg2+-exchanged forms, was investigated using automated volumetric equipment and pressures up to 100 kPa at 273 K and 77 K, respectively. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and specific surface area measurement (BET) methods were employed to characterize the bentonite samples. The C2H4and H2gas adsorption capacities of the original and modified forms were in the ranges 1.817–0.201 mmol g−1and 0.522–0.388 mmol g−1, respectively. The influence of salt modifications on the gas adsorption properties of bentonite is discussed.
Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with atrial fibrillation receiving anticoagulation therapy
Authors: Lopes Renato D. , Guimarães Patrícia O. , Kolls Bradley J. , Wojdyla Daniel M. , Bushnell Cheryl D. , Hanna Michael , Easton J. Donald , Thomas Laine , Wallentin Lars , Al-Khatib Sana M. , Held Claes , Gabriel Melo de Barros e Silva Pedro , Alexander John H. , Granger Christopher B. , Diener Hans-Christoph 
Published: March 2017

Key Points
Nearly 80% of the warfarin-treated patients with ICH had an INR within or below therapeutic range around 2 weeks before the event. We can reduce ICH by using apixaban rather than warfarin and by avoiding concomitant aspirin, especially in patients with older age.
Autophagic cell death with hydroxychloroquine in patients with hormone-dependent prostate-specific antigen progression after local therapy for prostate cancer.
Authors: George Mridula Annette , Mayer Tina M. , Moore Dirk , Chen Chunxia , White Eileen , DiPaola Robert S. , Jeyamohan Chandrika , Stein Mark N. 
Published: March 2017

102 Background: For patients who have a rising prostate-specific antigen value after definitive local therapy, androgen deprivation is a commonly employed option. However, immediate hormonal therapy has not been shown to alter the progression of the disease. Prior studies showed the dependence of early tumor growth and progression on anaerobic metabolism through glycolysis. Autophagy is conserved, genetically controlled catabolic response to starvation and stress whereby cells self-digest intracellular proteins and organelles by targeting them for degradation in lysosomes to generate energy and mitigate damage, thereby supporting cancer cell survival. Our hypothesis was that the autophagic inhibitor, hydroxychloroquine, when utilized in prostate cancer, would interfere with defective autophagy such that tumor growth will be slowed or stopped. Methods: Patients had rising PSA after primary therapy for PC, no radiographic evidence of metastasis, no (neo)adjuvant ADT within 3 months of enrollment and testosterone > 150 ng/dL. Hydroxychloroquine was dosed at 400 mg/day (cohort 1) or 600 mg/day (cohort 2). Endpoints were PSA response (change in slope of PSA rise by at least 25%, when log (PSA) is plotted vs. time). Results: 64 patients (36 cohort 1; 28 patients cohort 2) with median age 71(55-94) and baseline PSA was 3.25ng/ml (0.24- 45.69ng/ml) were enrolled in the study. 39 patients completed 6 months of hydroxychloroquine therapy and 44 patients completed 5 months of treatment. Out of 64 patients, 52 had at least 5 PSA measurements after the start of treatment, and we restrict our analysis to these patients. In 33 patients of these 52 (63%), the doubling time decreased after treatment began. In 12 of these 52 (23%), the “doubling time” turned negative, consistent with decreasing PSA value. Most common adverse events were diarrhea (26%), nausea (12%) and rash (12%). Conclusions: Hydroxychloroquine appears to have some activity in PSA progression after localized therapy with minimal toxicity. Given that hydroxychloroquine has limited side effects, this drug has the potential to augment responses to hormonal therapy or chemotherapy. Clinical trial information: NCT00726596.
National survey of practice patterns employing MRI-guided prostate biopsy for diagnosis of prostate cancer.
Authors: Tooker Graham , Pinto Peter A. , Siddiqui Mohummad Minhaj 
Published: March 2017

104 Background: Targeted MRI/Ultrasound (MR/US) guided biopsy is an emerging technology that has the potential to change standard of care for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer. It is believed that this new technology is rapidly proliferating, however quantitative analysis to describe these trends is not available. The primary objective of this study was to assess nationwide urologist opinions and efforts to implement MR/US imaging into their prostate cancer practices. Methods: A questionnaire was generated and distributed using REDCap to 7341 practicing urologists within the United States. The twenty question survey was designed to gather information regarding demographics, current and recent changes in MRI use, opinions on targeted MR/US guided biopsy, and barriers to implementation. The survey results were then analyzed with ANOVA. Results: 291 practicing urologists completed the survey. Respondents were primarily trained in general urology (60%) or urologic oncology (22%) and well distributed across practice type and geographic location. 86% of respondents currently employ MRI in some capacity in their practice, and 60% report using MR/US guided biopsy. 67% of respondents report increased use of MR/US guided biopsy over the past 5 years and 81% believe it is appropriate to use MR/US guided biopsy for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Academic centers had the greatest utilization of targeted biopsy (72%) and solo practitioners had the least (38%, p = 0.003). The northeast region also demonstrated greatest use of targeted biopsy (68%) and western region had the least (44%, p = 0.02). 24% of respondents feel there is sufficient evidence to employ MR/US as standard of care in all prostate biopsies, while 65% believe MR/US should be reserved for select cases such as men with prior negative biopsies. Of those not performing biopsies, 69% of respondents cited cost as a barrier to implementation. Conclusions: While there are some reservations about employing MR/US guided biopsy, the data suggests urologists support its use, and are making efforts to introduce targeted MR/US guided biopsy into their practice. Regional and practice setting variations exist in adaptation of this technology.
Defining the index lesion for salvage partial gland ablation after radiation therapy for localized prostate cancer.
Authors: Sivaraman Arjun , Takaeda Toshikazu , Vargas Hebert Alberto , Fine Samson , Eastham James Andrew , Ehdaie Behfar 
Published: March 2017

105 Background: Our objective was to evaluate the impact of MRI and systematic biopsy characteristics to identify the index lesion for salvage partial gland ablation using tumor maps from whole mount slides of salvage radical prostatectomy (sRP) specimen. Methods: We identified 225 patients who underwent sRP between 2000 and 2014 and a tumor map was created from whole-mount slides in 77 patients. Among these patients, we selected men with a priori pre-treatment criteria considered eligible for PGA, including, biopsy proven unilateral disease concordant with a region of interest (ROI) on MRI, and excluding men with imaging suspicious for extra-capsular extension (ECE), seminal vesicle Invasion (SVI) or lymph node involvement (LNI). We describe the correlation between pre-treatment clinical characteristics and final radical prostatectomy whole mount specimen to select men eligible for PGA defined as hemi-gland ablation. Results: Among 77 patients with a tumor map of entirely-submitted and whole-mounted specimens, 15 patients were determined to be eligible for partial gland ablation based on pre-treatment clinical characteristics. The mean age was 60 years and median time from primary RT was 48 months. The median (IQR) tumor volume of the index lesion was 0.3 (0.4) cc. The location of the index lesion was determined to be the apex, mid-gland and base in 77%, 100% and 15% of patients, respectively. The median distance of the index tumor to the urethra was 0.5 (0.2) cm. The index tumor was confined to one lobe and concordant to the biopsy pathology and MRI data in all 15 patients (100%). There was no ECE, LNI or SVI identified in the sRP specimens. To account for those patients who did not have a tumor map of the whole-mount specimen, a sensitivity analysis was performed and determined that the clinical characteristics of the 77 patients with tumor maps were comparable to the entire 225 sRP cohort. Conclusions: Clinical characteristics guided by biopsy findings and MRI data can be used to select men for PGA with recurrent localized prostate cancer after radiation therapy and based on tumor maps from sRP specimen, we propose that salvage hemi-gland ablation including periurethral tissue is feasible.