bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lessons of a day hospital: Comprehensive assessment of patients with albinism in a European setting
Authors: Marti Aurélie , Lasseaux Eulalie , Ezzedine Khaled , Léauté‐Labrèze Christine , Boralevi Franck , Paya Clément , Coste Valentine , Deroissart Vincent , Arveiler Benoit , Taieb Alain , Morice‐Picard Fanny 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAlbinism is a rare genetic disease, comprising syndromic and non‐syndromic forms. We assessed clinical and genetic characteristics in a prospective evaluation of 64 patients (33 children and 31 adults) seen at a specialized day hospital. Causative genetic mutations were found in TYR (23/64, 35.9%), OCA2 (19/64, 29.7%), TYRP1 (1/64, 1.6%), SLC45A2 (12/64, 18.7%), C10orf11 (1/64, 1.6%), HPS1 (3/64, 4.7%), HPS5 (1/64, 1.5%), HPS6 (1/64, 1.6%) and GPR143 (2/64, 3.1%). Causative mutations remained undetermined for one patient (1.6%). Heterogeneity for hair and skin phenotype was noted across and within the different genotypes. Skin and hair hypopigmentation did not correlate with visual impairment. The diagnosis of unrecognized syndromic forms and of cases of ocular albinism in this prospective and comprehensive series of patients with albinism in a European setting is remarkable. Photoprotection was overall good but not optimal.
Epigenetics of skin cancer: Interventions by selected bioactive phytochemicals
Authors: Penta Dhanamjai , Somashekar Bagganahalli S. , Meeran Syed Musthapa 
Published: October 2017

SummaryThe prevalence and risk of skin cancer have been increasing over past three decades. Two major types of skin cancer observed in humans are melanoma and nonmelanoma. Nonmelanoma further subdivided into basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. Melanoma arises from melanocyte which locates at the bottom layer of skin epidermis, which primarily protects the skin from being exposed to external factors. Melanoma is less common among all other types of skin cancers but causes higher mortality. Epigenetic regulation associated with the transcriptional activation and inactivation of genes plays a major role in various disease progression including skin cancer. The major epigenetic changes observed at cellular level include DNA methylation, histone modifications, and miRNA‐mediated gene regulation. The aberrant pattern in these epigenetic processes leads to altered expression of several genes involved in cell cycle, cell proliferation, cell motility, and apoptosis. Several natural bioactive phytochemicals have been shown to exhibit epigenetic modulatory capability and act as chemopreventive as well as therapeutic agents. In this review, we mainly discuss the major epigenetic modifications observed in melanoma and the epigenetic modulatory role of selected bioactive phytochemicals against the skin cancer.
Characteristics of Cu–Mo Mineralization in the Chatree Mining Area, Central Thailand
Authors: Tangwattananukul Ladda , Ishiyama Daizo 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCu–Mo mineralization occurs in southern part of the Chatree Au–Ag deposit, central Thailand. Quartz veins of Cu–Mo mineralization are divided into five types: Types A, B, C, D and E. Quartz veins of Types A, B and C are hosted in altered granodiorite porphyry, and quartz veins of Types D and E occur in altered andesite lava. Mineral assemblages of Types A, B and C quartz veins are composed of qz–chl–ilt–mol–py–ccp, qz–chl–ilt–ccp–py and qz–chl–ilt–ccp–py–sp–po, respectively. Types D and E quartz veins consist of qz–chl–py–ccp–sp–po and qz–ep, respectively. Fluid inclusions of quartz veins are divided into liquid‐rich two‐phases fluid inclusion, vapor‐rich two‐phases fluid inclusion and multiphase solid‐bearing fluid inclusion. Coexistence of a halite‐bearing fluid inclusion having salinity of 37 equiv. wt.% NaCl and a vapor‐rich two‐phases fluid inclusion having salinity of 1 equiv. wt.% NaCl suggests that the Cu–Mo‐bearing quartz veins were formed at temperature of 450°C and pressure of 250 bars (depth of approximately 1.5 km from the paleosurface). Based on the formation temperature of 450°C of quartz veins and the δ18O values of quartz of the quartz veins, the δ18O value of fluid responsible for the Cu–Mo‐bearing quartz vein is estimated to be +9.9‰. The origin of fluid forming the Cu–Mo‐bearing quartz veins in the N prospect of the Chatree mining area would be magmatic water. Based on the characteristics of geology, age, mineral assemblage and the formation environment, Cu–Mo mineralization would be different from the epithermal Au–Ag mineralization of the Chatree mining area.
A Spatiotemporal Multispecies Model of a Semicontinuous Response
Authors: Jones-Todd Charlotte M. , Swallow Ben , Illian Janine B. , Toms Mike 
Published: October 2017

SummaryAs accessible and potentially vulnerable species high up in the food chain, birds are often used as indicator species to highlight changes in ecosystems. This study focuses on multiple spatially dependent relationships between a raptor (sparrowhawk), a potential prey species (house sparrow) and a sympatric species (collared doves) in space and time. We construct a complex spatiotemporal latent Gaussian model to incorporate both predator–prey and sympatric relationships, which is novel in two ways. First, different types of species interactions are represented by a shared spatiotemporal random effect, which extends existing approaches to multivariate spatial modelling through the use of a joint latent modelling approach. Second, we use a delta–gamma model to capture the semicontinuous nature of the data to model the binary and continuous sections of the response jointly. The results indicate that sparrowhawks have a localized effect on the presence of house sparrows, which could indicate that house sparrows avoid sites where sparrowhawks are present.
Platelets in liver regeneration
Authors: Meyer J. , Balaphas A. , Fontana P. , Sadoul K. , Morel P. , Gonelle‐Gispert C. , Bühler L. 
Published: October 2017

Background and ObjectivesLoss of liver tissue leading to impairment of liver function represents a major cause of mortality. Understanding the mechanism of liver regeneration and developing therapies to sustain liver regeneration are of high therapeutic relevance. In this regard, platelets are considered as potential candidates for stimulating liver regeneration.MethodsWe aim to review the most recent evidence regarding the role of platelets in liver regeneration.ResultsPlatelets stimulate liver regeneration in animal models of liver resection. In humans, platelets are independent predictors of postoperative mortality, liver function and volume recovery. One proposed mechanism by which platelets stimulate liver regeneration relies on their direct effect on hepatocytes. Following partial hepatectomy, platelets accumulate in the residual liver and release their granule content. Platelet‐containing molecules, such as HGF, VEGF, IGF‐1 and serotonin, stimulate hepatocyte proliferation. A putative additional mechanism involves the transfer of platelet mRNA to hepatocytes following platelet internalization. Recent studies have suggested that the effect of platelets relies on their interactions with LSEC. Platelets induce the secretion of IL‐6 from LSEC, a strong initiator of hepatocyte proliferation. Additionally, platelets convey molecules that may impact LSEC function and, by extension, liver regeneration. Platelets potentially interact with Kupffer cells, but the effect of that interaction on liver regeneration remains to be determined.ConclusionPlatelets stimulate liver regeneration. Several mechanisms seem to be involved, acting on the level of hepatocytes, LSEC and potentially Kupffer cells. Identification of the platelet‐molecule(s) involved may lead to targeted therapies for patients with impairment of liver function.
Quantifying Uncertainties in Phenomenological Model of Two-Dimensional VIV Using Multivariate Monte Carlo Simulations
Authors: Tagliaferri Francesca , Srinil Narakorn 
Published: October 2017

Phenomenological modelling based on the use of coupled wake-cylinder oscillators has been implemented for several decades for vortex-induced vibration (VIV) response predictions of rigid circular cylinders and long flexible risers. Although such models can capture several VIV nonlinear phenomena, they still rely on empirical coefficients and parameters with some levels of uncertainties associated with fluid-structure interactions. Most of these are due to the variation in experimental test conditions giving rise to different benchmarking test data in the literature. A very few studies have quantified such model uncertainties.
To gain an insight into the relative contributions of these coefficients, this paper presents a sensitivity study based on a multivariate Sobol-Monte Carlo approach for a two-dimensional nonlinear coupled wake-cylinder oscillator model simulating combined cross-flow/in-line VIV. A preliminary investigation is carried out to identify the relative contribution to the model uncertainty of the geometrical, empirical wake and wake-cylinder coupling coefficients. The effect of Reynolds number (Re) in the subcritical flow regime is also taken into account through a lift, drag, Strouhal and wake coefficient depending on calibration with experimental data. A key challenge is the identification of suitable probability distribution function to model the scattering experimental datasets. A combination of Gaussian and uniform distributions are calibrated.
Parametric studies based on the combined Sobol-Monte Carlo simulations reveal the uncertainties due to the coupling of empirical coefficients and system parameters governing the two-dimensional lock-in and combined cross-flow/in-line VIV responses. The relative importance of the selected wake coefficients and geometric parameters appears to be strongly dependent on the system mass ratio as well as Re influencing the hydrodynamic properties including the lift and drag coefficients, the Strouhal number and stall parameter. For the cylinder with a lower mass ratio, greater uncertainties are found within the considered sub-critical Re range for both cross-flow/in-line VIV. This remark should also be recognized in the phenomenological VIV modelling of long flexible risers in offshore applications.
The Study on the Influence of Pipe-Soil Interaction on VIV for Different Free Span Types
Authors: Zhou Chongyao , Xu Gang , Huang Zhiming , Zhang Dagang , Ye Naiquan , Sævik Svein 
Published: October 2017

Subsea pipeline laid on the seabed will experience free span when the lay path is long and seabed is rugged. Hydrodynamic loads caused by the currents around the pipeline can induce oscillations in both cross-flow and in-line directions. This phenomenon is called vortex-induced vibration (VIV) which is the most common case that could induce serious fatigue problems. The pipe-soil interaction is one of the main factors that influence the vibration.
In this paper, a study focusing on the effect of pipe-soil interaction on VIV for different types of free span is presented. The Milan wake oscillator is applied to calculate the dynamic response induced by VIV in Orcaflex, and the results are compared with experimental data to identify its validity. A sensitivity study is also performed to study the parameter influence of the Milan wake oscillator model.
Four types of free span (including the multiple free spans) are modeled in Orcaflex and time domain VIV analysis is carried out to study the influence of pipe-soil interaction. Comparison among different types of free span is discussed. The influence of structural damping is studied for flexible pipe only because its influence on steel pipe is negligible. The influence of structural damping on flexible pipe is studied by means of a predefined moment-curvature curve. In addition, several cases are studied to investigate the influence of tension on VIV by Milan wake oscillator.
An Integrated Analytical Tool on Predicting Structural Responses of Ships Under Collision and Grounding Scenarios
Authors: Song Zijie , Hu Zhiqiang 
Published: October 2017

An integrated analytical tool is introduced in this paper, which can be used to predict the structural responses, including resistance, energy dissipation and structural damage, for the ships under accidental collision and grounding scenarios. On purpose of preventing the disastrous consequences due to ship collision and grounding from happening, it is necessary to predict the structural responses and the event consequences during the structure design stage, and mostly important, in a cost-effective and conveniently using way, that can be accepted by ship structure designers. Analytical prediction method has the advantages of cost-effective and fast-calculation. Therefore, an integrated analytical tool is built to predict ship structural response under collision and grounding accident scenarios.
This analytical tool contains two modules, one is ship collision module and the other is ship grounding module. In ship collision module, the scenario of head on striking in a right angle is adopted as the most critical scenario. The major structural properties of the striking vessel and those of the struck vessel can be defined, including ship hull scantling, plate thickness, scantling of stiffeners, striking positions, striking velocity and material property. The shape of the striking ship’s bow can be defined as bulbous bow or raked bow. In ship grounding module, powered grounding is defined as the critical grounding scenario. Scantling of ship bottom structure, plate thickness, scantling of stiffeners, material property, ship grounding velocity, shape of the indenter and the grounding positions are the mandatory input parameters.
With the application of the analytical tool, structural resistance, energy dissipation and structural damage can be calculated by a series of analytical equations. These analytical expressions on resistance and energy dissipation come from the related work conducted in SJTU within the past few years.
Furthermore, numerical simulations were also conducted with code LS_DYNA, to prove the feasibility of the analytical tool. This integrated analytical tool can tell the structural designer the crashworthiness of the ship under collision and grounding scenario during the structural design stage.
Evaluation of Conventional Methods of Establishing Extreme Mooring Design Loads
Authors: Stanisic Dunja , Efthymiou Michalakis , Kimiaei Mehrdad , Zhao Wenhua 
Published: October 2017

A key aspect in the design of a mooring system for a floating production unit is the estimation of the extreme mooring line loads for a specified short-term sea state of typical duration equal to 3 hours. Commonly used design approaches today are based on time-domain simulations whereby each 3 hour sea state is run a number of times (typically 10–30 times) to represent the randomness of the sea. A maximum response is recorded from each simulation. Particular statistic of the maxima data (e.g. mean, most probable maximum or a percentile) is used to represent the extreme mooring load for which the lines are designed.
This paper studies and assesses the accuracy of obtaining design value from a population of maxima with reference to the mooring line load of a large ship-shaped floating production vessel. A coupled model, including all mooring lines and risers, has been developed, validated and used to generate responses for 100yr extreme condition and 10,000yr survival condition. To establish an accurate benchmark against which the results are compared, the time-domain analyses (duration 3 hours) are repeated 170 times, for each sea state, to represent different random realisations of each environment. It is examined how the accuracy of predicting the design mooring line load, from a sample of response maxima, improves as the number of simulations is increased progressively from 10 through to 170. The assessment is performed across different statistics of maxima that are usually chosen to represent the design response. Besides the mooring line load, other response parameters such as heave and turret excursion, are examined in this paper. The paper examines whether the severity of the response (100yr vs 10,000yr storm) or the response variable affect the number of maxima required to achieve statistical stability. The results indicate fitting a Gumbel distribution to the maxima from about 30–40 simulations can yield results that are statistically stable and accurate and are recommended as preferred methods of estimating the design response.
Prediction of Relative Vertical Motion Between Cargo and HTV During Offshore Loading and Discharge
Authors: Peters Onno A. J. , Huijsmans René H. M. 
Published: October 2017

In Heavy Marine Transport, it is common practice to dry-transport large and heavy floating offshore structures. In general, loading and discharge of these floating cargoes on- and from heavy transport vessels is done at sheltered locations, like harbors, where sea-state and swell conditions are insignificant. Often these locations are at large distance from operating fields of the offshore structures, which means that the structures need to be towed from- or to these fields. To save time and costs, it is beneficial to perform the loading and discharge operations in the field. This necessitates a reconsideration of the maximum allowable wave conditions such as to perform the loading- and discharge operations within specified time frame whilst ensuring safety of crew, cargo and heavy transport vessel. Therefore accurate prediction tools to determine the relative motions between heavy transport vessel and cargo are required. In the past, studies have shown that standard prediction tools over-estimate relative vertical motions compared to model tests and practical experience.
This paper discusses the prediction of relative vertical motion, which is dominated by the phenomenon squeeze flow. From model tests and CFD calculations non-linear hydrodynamic loads related to squeeze flow are recognized. Standard linearized solutions do not cover the non-linear loads and therefore result in a lack of accuracy in predicting the relative vertical motions. Linearized solutions assume small motion amplitudes with respect to characteristic dimensions of the flow problem; in the case of squeeze flow this assumption is not valid as the motion amplitude may be in the same order as the gap between cargo bottom and the deck of the heavy transport vessel. With linearized potential solvers it is found that the added mass is strongly dependent on the gap height, which verifies the analytical work of Molin et al. [1]. Following the work of Molin, the change in added mass due to changing gap height gives a large contribution to the non-linear hydrodynamic load. Additionally, a second important contribution is related to the relative vertical velocity, recognized as a drag component. As such, a non-linear formulation is found which can be used in a time-domain approach. This formulation requires gap-height dependent added mass as found using the linearized potential solver. As potential solvers are known to have difficulty dealing with the small gap, different methods have been investigated.
Results of model tests and CFD calculations are shown, which are used to tune the non-linear formulation. Tuning is done by adapting the drag component. Furthermore, results of a multi-body problem based on standard linear hydrodynamics and the non-linear formulation are compared.
In-Line Vibrations of Flexible Pipes
Authors: Ulveseter Jan V. , Sævik Svein 
Published: October 2017

A semi-empirical prediction tool for pure in-line vortex-induced vibrations is under development. The long-term goal is to be able to realistically model the dynamic behavior of free spanning pipelines exposed to arbitrary time dependent external flows at low velocities. Most VIV programs operate in frequency domain, where only steady currents and linear structural models can be simulated. In contrast, the proposed model predicts hydrodynamic forces as function of time, enabling a time integration scheme to solve the equation of motion. Non-linear time domain simulations allow for modelling of excitation from non-steady currents. In addition, non-linear effects such as soil-pipe interaction, varying tension, and response dependent material, stiffness and damping properties may be included in the analysis, when combining the hydrodynamic force model with a structural non-linear finite element model. Hydrodynamically, the proposed prediction tool consists of the general Morison equation plus two vortex shedding forcing terms. The latter two are able to synchronize with the structural motion for a given frequency band, to induce vibrations in lock-in regimes.
In this paper, the proposed pure in-line VIV model is compared to the frequency domain model VIVANA and DNV Recommended Practice, simulating experiments with a model-scale flexible pipe exposed to current velocities at which cross-flow vibrations have not yet developed. A few experimental data points are included in verifying the performance of the newly developed time domain model. The effect of changing empirical coefficients in the vortex shedding forcing terms, and allowing only one of the terms to excite structural vibrations during a simulation, is numerically investigated. A goal is to obtain increased understanding of how the proposed time domain model performs when simulating VIV of a flexible pipe, which is more complex than that of an elastically mounted rigid cylinder since several natural frequencies and corresponding modes might be excited.
Consolidation of Empirics for Calculation of VIV Response
Authors: Voie Per , Wu Jie , Resvanis Themistocles L. , Larsen Carl M. , Vandiver J. Kim , Triantafyllou Michael , Baarholm Rolf 
Published: October 2017

The present paper consolidates available experimental results for both sub-critical and critical Reynolds numbers and varying surface roughness and formulates a coefficient excitation model that aims at unbiased response estimates when using semi-empirical VIV prediction programs. A simplified procedure is suggested to account for higher order effects when relevant.
The paper discusses the use of a modified coefficient excitation model with the objective of capturing or correctly reflecting certain specific features that have been observed in sub-critical and supercritical VIV experiments.
The first part of this paper shows how the available low Reynolds number hydrodynamic data that currently forms the basis for most semi-empirical prediction software needs to be modified to correctly reflect the available experimental observations at sub-critical Reynolds numbers.
The latter part of this paper looks at the available high Reynolds experimental data and suggests ways whereby the previously identified force coefficient database might be modified to reflect what is currently known about the VIV response of smooth and rough surfaced cylinders in the critical and super-critical Reynolds regimes.