bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-mass Stellar and Substellar Candidate Companions around Massive Stars in Sco OB1 and M17
Authors: Pauwels Tinne , Reggiani Maddalena , Sana Hugues , Mahy Laurent 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Massive stars are recognized for their high degree of multiplicity, yet the mass ratio regime below 0.1 remains insufficiently explored. It is therefore unknown whether extremely low-mass (possibly substellar) companions can form and survive in the direct UV-irradiated environment of massive stars. In this paper, we discuss Very Large Telescope/Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch integral field spectrograph (0.″15–0.″85) observations of six massive O- and early B-type stars in Sco OB1 and M17 that each have a low-mass candidate companion (CC). Two targets have companions that are brown dwarf candidates. The other four have CCs in the low end of the stellar mass regime (≤0.30 M
⊙). For three of these, we have obtained a second epoch observation. At least two sources exhibit similar proper motion to that of their central star. However, given the expected proper motion of background objects, this does not imply certain companionship. We show how future follow-up observations of the brown dwarf CCs in the J, H, and L bands should allow for an unambiguous confirmation of their nature.
Accretion onto a Supermassive Black Hole Binary before Merger
Authors: Avara Mark J. , Krolik Julian H. , Campanelli Manuela , Noble Scott C. , Bowen Dennis , Ryu Taeho 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
While supermassive binary black holes (SMBBHs) inspiral toward merger they may also accrete matter from a surrounding disk. To study the dynamics of this system requires simultaneously describing the evolving spacetime and the magnetized plasma. We present the first relativistic calculation simulating two equal-mass, nonspinning black holes as they inspiral from a 20 M (G = c = 1) initial separation almost to merger. Our results imply important observational consequences: for instance, the accretion rate

M

̇

onto the black holes first decreases and then plateaus, dropping by only a factor of ∼3 despite the rapid inspiral. An estimated bolometric light curve follows the same profile, suggesting some merging SMBBHs may be significantly luminous past the predicted circumbinary disk decoupling. The minidisks are nonstandard: Reynolds, not Maxwell, stresses dominate, and they oscillate between two states. In one part of the cycle, “sloshing” streams transfer mass between minidisks, carrying kinetic energy at a rate sometimes as high as the peak minidisk bolometric luminosity. We also discover that episodic accretion drives time-varying minidisk tilts. These complex dynamics all contribute to unique cyclical behavior in the light curves of late-time inspiraling SMBBHs. The poloidal magnetic flux on the black holes is roughly constant at a dimensionless level ϕ ∼ 2–3, but doubles just before merger; for significant black hole spin, this flux predicts powerful jets with variability driven by binary dynamics, another potentially unique electromagnetic signature. This simulation is the first to employ our multipatch infrastructure PatchworkMHD, decreasing the computational expense to ∼3% of conventional single-grid methods’ cost.
JCMT 850 μm Continuum Observations of Density Structures in the G35 Molecular Complex
Authors: Shen Xianjin , Liu Hong-Li , Ren Zhiyuan , Tej Anandmayee , Li Di , Liu Hauyu Baobab , Fuller Gary A. , Xie Jinjin , Jiao Sihan , Yang Aiyuan , Koch Patrick M. , Xu Fengwei , Sanhueza Patricio , Diep Pham Ngoc , Peretto Nicolas , Yadav R. K. , Kramer Busaba H. , Sugiyama Koichiro , Rawlings Mark G. , Lee Chang Won , Tatematsu Ken’ichi , Harsono Daniel , Eden David , Kwon Woojin , Tsai Chao-Wei , White Glenn J. , Kim Kee-Tae , Liu Tie , Wang Ke , Zhang Siju , Jiao Wenyu , Yang Dongting , Das Swagat R. , Wu Jingwen , Wang Chen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Filaments are believed to play a key role in high-mass star formation. We present a systematic study of the filaments and their hosting clumps in the G35 molecular complex using James Clerk Maxwell Telescope SCUBA-2 850 μm continuum data. We identified five clouds in the complex and 91 filaments within them, some of which form 10 hub–filament systems (HFSs), each with at least three hub-composing filaments. We also compiled a catalog of 350 dense clumps, 183 of which are associated with the filaments. We investigated the physical properties of the filaments and clumps, such as mass, density, and size, and their relation to star formation. We find that the global mass–length trend of the filaments is consistent with a turbulent origin, while the hub-composing filaments of high line masses (m
l > 230 M
⊙ pc−1) in HFSs deviate from this relation, possibly due to feedback from massive star formation. We also find that the most massive and densest clumps (R > 0.2 pc, M > 35 M
⊙, Σ > 0.05 g cm−2) are located in the filaments and in the hubs of HFSs, with the latter bearing a higher probability of the occurrence of high-mass star-forming signatures, highlighting the preferential sites of HFSs for high-mass star formation. We do not find significant variation in the clump mass surface density across different evolutionary environments of the clouds, which may reflect the balance between mass accretion and stellar feedback.
Exploring the Origin of Cold Gas and Star Formation in a Rare Population of Strongly Bulge-dominated Early-type Galaxies
Authors: Li Fujia , Wang Enci , Zhu Ming , Peng Ying-jie , Wang Jing , Zhang Chuan-Peng , Lin Zesen , Rong Yu , Zhang Hong-xin , Kong Xu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We analyze the properties of a rare population, the strongly bulge-dominated early-type galaxies (sBDEs) with significant H i gas, using the databases from the FAST All Sky H i survey (FASHI) and the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey. We select the sBDEs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and crossmatch with the FASHI-ALFALFA combined H i sample, resulting in 104 H i-rich sBDEs. These sBDEs tend to have extremely high H i reservoirs, which is rare in previous studies such as ATLAS3D. A total of 70% of the selected sBDEs are classified as quiescent galaxies, even though they have a large H i reservoir. We study the properties of these sBDEs from four main aspects: stellar population, gas-phase metallicity, stacked H i spectra, and environment. The majority of H i-rich sBDEs appear to show lower gas-phase metallicity and are located in significantly lower-density environments, suggesting an external origin for their H i gas. We find that star-forming sBDEs exhibit statistically higher star formation efficiency and slightly older stellar populations compared to normal star-forming galaxies, suggesting a recent star formation on the Gyr timescale. They also show narrower and more concentrated H i profiles compared to control star-forming galaxies, which may explain their higher star formation efficiency.
The Spatial Correlation between CN-line- and Dust-continuum-emitting Regions in High-mass Star-forming Clouds
Authors: Hwang Jihye , Lee Chang Won , Kim Jongsoo , Chung Eun Jung , Kim Kee-Tae 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Measuring the strength of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field vector is challenging as it is not easy to recognize whether its line-of-sight (LOS) and plane-of-sky (POS) components are obtained from the same region. CN (N = 1–0) emission has been used to get the LOS component of a magnetic field (B
LOS) from its Zeeman splitting lines, while dust continuum emission has been used to get the POS component of a magnetic field (B
POS). We use the CN (N = 1–0) data observed with the Taeduk Radio Astronomy Observatory 14 m telescope and the dust continuum data from the Herschel archive toward six high-mass star-forming regions in order to test whether CN line and dust continuum emission can trace a similar region and thus can be used for inferring 3D magnetic field strength. Our comparison between CN and H2 column densities for all targets indicates that CN line emission tends to be strong toward bright continuum regions. The positions of peak CN column densities are particularly well correlated with those of peak H2 column densities, at least over the H2 column density of 8.0 × 1022 cm−2 within one or two telescope beam sizes in all targets, implying that CN-line- and dust-continuum-emitting regions are likely spatially coincident. This enabled us to make the reliable measurement of the 3D magnetic field strengths of five targets by taking a vector sum of their B
LOS and B
POS, helping to decide the magnetical criticality of the targets as supercritical or transcritical.
Gravitational Wave Ringdown Analysis Using the

F

-statistic
Authors: Wang Hai-Tian , Yim Garvin , Chen Xian , Shao Lijing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
After the final stage of the merger of two black holes (BHs), the ringdown signal takes an important role in providing information about the gravitational dynamics in strong field. We introduce a novel time-domain (TD) approach, predicated on the

F

-statistic, for ringdown analysis. This method diverges from traditional TD techniques in that its parameter space remains constant irrespective of the number of modes incorporated. This feature is achieved by reconfiguring the likelihood and analytically maximizing over the extrinsic parameters that encompass the amplitudes and reference phases of all modes. Consequently, when performing the ringdown analysis under the assumption that the ringdown signal is detected by the Einstein Telescope, the parameter estimation computation time is shortened by at most 5 orders of magnitude compared to the traditional TD method. We further establish that traditional TD methods become difficult when including multiple overtone modes due to close oscillation frequencies and damping times across different overtone modes. Encouragingly, this issue is effectively addressed by our new TD technique. The accessibility of this new TD method extends to a broad spectrum of research and offers flexibility for various topics within BH spectroscopy applicable to both current and future gravitational wave detectors.
Cloud–Cloud Collision: Formation of Hub-filament Systems and Associated Gas Kinematics. Mass-collecting Cone—A New Signature of Cloud–Cloud Collision
Authors: Maity A. K. , Inoue T. , Fukui Y. , Dewangan L. K. , Sano H. , Yamada R. I. , Tachihara K. , Bhadari N. K. , Jadhav O. R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Massive star-forming regions (MSFRs) are commonly associated with hub-filament systems (HFSs) and sites of cloud–cloud collision (CCC). Recent observational studies of some MSFRs suggest a possible connection between CCC and the formation of HFSs. To understand this connection, we analyzed the magnetohydrodynamic simulation data from Inoue et al. This simulation involves the collision of a spherical turbulent molecular cloud with a plane-parallel sea of dense molecular gas at a relative velocity of about 10 km s−1. Following the collision, the turbulent and nonuniform cloud undergoes shock compression, rapidly developing filamentary structures within the compressed layer. We found that CCC can lead to the formation of HFSs, which is the combined effect of turbulence, shock compression, magnetic field, and gravity. The collision between the cloud components shapes the filaments into a cone and drives inward flows among them. These inward flows merge at the vertex of the cone, rapidly accumulating high-density gas, which can lead to the formation of massive star(s). The cone acts as a mass-collecting machine, involving a nongravitational early process of filament formation, followed by gravitational gas attraction to finalize the HFS. The gas distribution in the position–velocity (PV) and position–position spaces highlights the challenges in detecting two cloud components and confirming their complementary distribution if the colliding clouds have a large size difference. However, such CCC events can be confirmed by the PV diagrams presenting gas flow toward the vertex of the cone, which hosts gravitationally collapsing high-density objects, and by the magnetic field morphology curved toward the direction of the collision.
Two-process Model and Residual Abundance Analysis of the Milky Way Massive Satellites
Authors: Hasselquist Sten , Hayes Christian R. , Griffith Emily J. , Weinberg David , Sit Tawny , Beaton Rachael L. , Horta Danny 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The “two-process model” is a promising technique for interpreting stellar chemical abundance data from large-scale surveys (e.g., the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV/V and the Galactic Archeology with HERMES survey), enabling more quantitative empirical studies of differences in chemical enrichment history between galaxies without relying on detailed yield and evolution models. In this work, we fit two-process model parameters to (1) a luminous giant Milky Way (MW) sample and (2) stars comprising the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy (Sgr). We then use these two sets of model parameters to predict the abundances of 14 elements of stars belonging to the MW and in five of its massive satellite galaxies, analyzing the residuals between the predicted and observed abundances. We find that the model fit to (1) results in large residuals (0.1–0.3 dex) for most metallicity-dependent elements in the metal-rich ([Mg/H] > −0.8) stars of the satellite galaxies. However, the model fit to (2) results in small or no residuals for all elements across all satellite galaxies. Therefore, despite the wide variation in [X/Mg]–[Mg/H] abundance patterns of the satellite galaxies, the two-process framework provides an accurate characterization of their abundance patterns across many elements, but these multielement patterns are systematically different between the dwarf galaxy satellites and the MW disks. We consider a variety of scenarios for the origin of this difference, highlighting the possibility that a large inflow of pristine gas to the MW disk diluted the metallicity of star-forming gas without changing abundance ratios.
Evidence for Intrinsic X-Ray Weakness among Red Quasars at Cosmic Noon
Authors: Ma 马 Yilun 逸伦 , Goulding Andy , Greene Jenny E. , Zakamska Nadia L. , Wylezalek Dominika , Jiang 姜 Yan-Fei 燕飞 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Quasar feedback is a key ingredient in shaping galaxy evolution. A rare population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) at z = 2−3 are often associated with high-velocity [O iii]λ5008 outflows and may represent sites of strong feedback. In this paper, we present an X-ray study of 50 ERQs to investigate the link between the X-ray and outflow properties of these intriguing objects. Using hardness ratio analysis, we confirm that the ERQs are heavily obscured systems with gas column density reaching N
H = 1023−24 cm−2. We identify 20 X-ray-nondetected ERQs at high mid-infrared (MIR) luminosities of ν
L

ν,6 μm ≳ 3 × 1046 erg s−1. By stacking the X-ray observations, we find that the nondetected ERQs are on average underluminous in X-rays by a factor of ∼10 for their MIR luminosities. We consider such X-ray weakness to be due to both heavy gas absorption and intrinsic factors. Moreover, we find that the X-ray-weak sources also display higher-velocity outflows. One option to explain this trend is that weaker X-rays facilitate more vigorous line-driven winds, which then accelerate the [O iii]-emitting gas to kiloparsec scales. Alternatively, super-Eddington accretion could also lead to intrinsic X-ray weakness and more powerful continuum-driven outflow.
Research of the dynamics of wholesale segment concentration level in the regional pharmaceutical market
Authors: Goryachev Andrey , Urusova Leila , Kabakova Taisiya , Rusanov Sergey , Kuvshinova Natalya , Afanasiev Oleg , Lemeshchenko Elena , Davidov Sergey 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: The study of the competitive environment in the pharmaceutical market is an element of the analysis of the drug supply system. The purpose of the study is to analyze the dynamics of concentration levels in the wholesale segment of the regional pharmaceutical market.
Materials and methods: Data on market shares of key players were collected and summarized based on the executed contracts (461 contracts in total) for the supply of pharmaceutical products in the model region. For the competitive analysis of pharmaceutical distributors, the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHIn) calculation method was used. We also used the method of constructing the SV matrix, which has the form of a graph consisting of four quadrants divided on the abscissa scale by the obtained values of market concentration ratios (CRSV) and on the ordinate scale by the values of Hall-Teidman indices (HTSV).
Results: Market concentration indicators in the wholesale segment of the regional pharmaceutical market indicate the formation of oligopoly. The constructed SV matrix demonstrated the dynamics of market concentration levels corresponding to the changing economic situation. Based on the results of the analysis, proposals to improve the competitiveness of regional pharmaceutical distributors were formed.
Conclusion: The study of the dynamics of market concentration indicators allowed to analyze their state, establish the vectors of their drift, and propose measures to optimize the wholesale supply of pharmaceutical goods.
Safety and efficacy of peroral endoscopic myotomy for treating achalasia in pediatric and geriatric patients: A meta-analysis
Authors: Pu Xin-Xin , Huang Shu , Zhong Chun-Yu , Wang Xia , Fu Su-Fen , Lv Ying-Qin , Zou Kang , Lü Mu-Han , Peng Yan , Tang Xiao-Wei 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
As a less invasive technique, peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has recently been widely accepted for treating achalasia with an excellent safety profile, durability, and efficacy in adults. In pediatric and geriatric patients, the treatment is more difficult.
AIM
To discuss the clinical outcomes of POEM in pediatric and geriatric patients with achalasia.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive search of PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library databases from inception to July 2024. The primary outcomes were technical and clinical success. Secondary outcomes of interest included adverse events and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The pooled event rates were calculated by comprehensive meta-analysis software.
RESULTS
A total of 32 studies with 547 pediatric patients and 810 geriatric patients were included in this study. The pooled event rates of technical success, clinical success, GERD and adverse events of POEM for treating achalasia in pediatric patients were 97.1% [95% confidence interval (CI): 95.0%-98.3%; I ² = 0%; P < 0.000], 93.2% (95%CI: 90.5%-95.2%; I ² = 0%; P < 0.000), 22.3% (95%CI: 18.4%-26.7%; I ² = 43.874%; P < 0.000) and 20.4% (95%CI: 16.6%-24.8%; I ² = 67.217%; P < 0.000), respectively. Furthermore, in geriatric patients, the pooled event rates were 97.7% (95%CI: 95.8%-98.7%; I ² = 15.200%; P < 0.000), 93.2% (95%CI: 90.3%-95.2%; I ² = 0%; P < 0.000), 23.9% (95%CI: 19.4%-29.1%; I ² = 75.697%; P < 0.000) and 10.8% (95%CI: 8.3%-14.0%; I ² = 62.938%; P < 0.000], respectively.
CONCLUSION
Our findings demonstrated that POEM was an effective and safe technique for pediatric and geriatric patients with achalasia.
Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) Technique: A Case Report Demonstrating Its Cost-Effectiveness in a Resource-Limited Setting
Authors: Juttla Charandeep Singh , Jani Pankaj Gunvantray 
Published: October 2024

Wide-Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet (WALANT) offers a cost-effective alternative to general anesthesia (GA) for wound debridement, improving patient safety, surgical accessibility, and cost-efficiency. This study explores WALANT’s cost-effectiveness and patient outcomes in a resource-limited setting. The patient, E.M., a 27-year-old woman, presented with left upper limb swelling, which began a week after Implanon device removal at another facility. Upon admission, she displayed severe sepsis symptoms, including a blood pressure of 100/58 mmHg, a heart rate of 144 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, and a temperature of 39.2℃. Her left upper limb showed swelling, redness, and shininess, leading to a diagnosis of necrotizing fasciitis with septic shock. Initially, wound debridement was conducted under GA. However, the patient’ s choice to undergo WALANT for her second debridement saved her 89.1% of the cost of performing debridement under GA. This cost reduction significantly benefited the uninsured patient, alleviating the financial burden and also achieved a favorable patient outcome within the constraints of a resource-limited setting.
Nova proposta para determinar prazos entre inspeções de pontes de concreto
Authors: Nascimento Claudia Rafaela Saraiva de Melo Simões , Feitosa Vinicius Porto , Souza Naiara Meireles de , Palha Rachel Perez 
Published: October 2024

Este artigo apresenta um novo método para cálculo de prazo entre inspeções de pontes de concreto visando intervalos de inspeção mais racionais baseados na característica da ponte e no julgamento de engenharia dos inspetores. A metodologia se inicia na triagem, que é baseada em critérios propostos a partir das características da ponte, tais como idade, classe de agressividade ambiental e nota da última inspeção. A triagem visa classificar as pontes em duas categorias a fim de calcular um prazo de inspeção que melhor caracterize o diagnóstico de saúde apresentado e com isso melhorar os cuidados com a ponte. Além disso, os danos estruturais mais comuns em pontes de concreto foram levantados na literatura e a partir deles todos os elementos da ponte foram avaliados quanto aos fatores de ocorrência, consequência e possibilidade de detecção. Com base nos fatores avaliados, obtêm-se o número de prioridade de inspeção e o novo prazo para inspeção. O método é aplicado a uma ponte existente que foi modelada no Revit com criação de rotina Dynamo que permite visualizar os elementos mais críticos e o prazo para nova inspeção. Este trabalho traz uma nova perspectiva sobre a análise de prazos para pontes, além de aliá-lo ao uso de Building Information Modeling (BIM).
Análise da eficácia do gerenciamento da produção a partir do uso de indicadores de controle de curto prazo
Authors: Batista Filho José Edmar Sampaio , Barros Neto José de Paula 
Published: October 2024

Este artigo visa analisar as deficiências do processo de gerenciamento com base no uso de indicadores de desempenho de curto prazo, sob a perspectiva do Last Planner System. Inicialmente, será apresentada a revisão da literatura que aborda os fundamentos do Planejamento e Controle da Produção. Em seguida, o método de pesquisa consistirá em avaliar a estruturação do planejamento e os efeitos causados pelo planejamento de curto prazo. Neste contexto, espera-se contribuir para a gestão da produção, por meio da avaliação de algumas considerações feitas ao longo da elaboração do plano master, as quais influenciam diversos indicadores, evitando, desta forma, conclusões incoerentes sobre atraso de obra, prejuízos financeiros e falta de qualidade. Ou seja, mesmo com a disseminação da técnica de pacotização de serviços (de acordo com preceitos do Lean Construction), deve-se levar em conta o processo executivo adotado pela equipe de obra, de modo a evitar agrupamentos que impactem o PPC (Percentual de Pacotes Concluídos), por exemplo. Por fim, apresentar-se-á ações relacionadas ao processo de reprogramação (como “quebra” de pacote), para definição de metas mais realistas e controláveis.