bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The first recorded outbreak of epidemic dropsy, 1877–80: Climate, empire, and colonial medical science between India, Bengal, and Mauritius
Authors: Deerpaul Yadhav , Springer Alexander , Gooding Philip 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article reconstructs the first outbreak of epidemic dropsy recorded in documentary evidence, which occurred in Calcutta, Mauritius, and northeastern India and Bengal in 1877–80. It uses current medical knowledge and investigations into the wider historical contexts in which the epidemic occurred to re-read the colonial medical literature of the period. It shows that colonial policies and structures in the context of variable enviro-climatic conditions increased the likelihood that an epidemic would break out, while also increasing the vulnerability of certain populations to infection and mortality. Additionally, it shows how the trans-regional nature of the epidemic contributed to varying understandings of the disease between two colonial medical establishments, which influenced each other in contradictory ways. The article’s core contributions are to recent trans-regional perspectives on disease transmission and colonial medical knowledge production in the Indian Ocean World.
Isolating the Effect of Social Risk on MNEs’ CSR Reporting: A New Approach Based on China's Belt & Road Initiative
Authors: Zhao Jing , Zhu Limin , He Wenlong , Tong Tony W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis article highlights CSR disclosure as a strategic response of Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) to the social risk they face in host countries. Deviating from prior research that aims to directly measure social risk, we offer a new approach to isolate the effect of social risk by leveraging China's Belt & Road Initiative (BRI) as the research context, under which Chinese MNEs are largely protected from political risk in membership countries but are exposed to substantial social risk from local nongovernment stakeholders. Results from difference-in-differences analyses show that after the enactment of the BRI, Chinese MNEs investing in BRI countries significantly increases their likelihood of CSR disclosure than that of their counterparts investing in non-BRI countries. Further, such effects are more pronounced for state-owned MNEs and MNEs in natural resource industries. This research enriches the international business literature on the relationship between political risk and social risk, and that between corporate political actions and corporate social responsibility.
The Effect of Russia's Invasion of Ukraine on Non-Human Animals: International Humanitarian Law Perspectives
Authors: Pipia Saba 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSince Russia's full-scale aggression against Ukraine, there have been thousands of instances of civilian casualties, damage to the natural environment and cultural property, destruction of buildings and infrastructure, blockading of ports, siege, capturing installations containing dangerous forces, and other consequences that accompany hostilities. In addition to the fatalities related to humans (civilians and combatants alike) and their property or environment, the war in Ukraine has also accounted for non-human tolls – namely, the destruction of animals or damage to their habitats.The primary objective of this article is to study three patterns of animal suffering documented during Russia's invasion of Ukraine: (i) targeting zoos and killing zoo animals; (ii) extermination of the Black Sea dolphin population; and (iii) eating pigeons or other pets in besieged localities, and to analyse these patterns in the light of applicable rules of international humanitarian law (IHL).The idea of this research is to underline that war can have a significant effect on various categories of animals, and Russia's invasion of Ukraine is just another example of this. The article also discusses how, and the extent to which international law can provide protection for animals in armed conflict, and whether there are any gaps in the applicable IHL rules related to the protection of animals.
The Night of the Proletarian Families: Child Labor, Compulsory Education, and the Making of the Working Class around 1830
Authors: Ruoss Matthias 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article analyzes a period when public officials withdrew children from the labor market and assigned them to the school system. While existing research delves into the reasons behind this process, focusing on sociopolitical reforms, economic factors and changing concepts of childhood, there is limited understanding of how working-class families responded. The article aims to fill the gap by examining the social impact on families when their children were barred from factory work by political-administrative authorities, shedding light on class formation and political subjectivation. Inspired by Jacques Rancière’s book Proletarian Nights the article specifically investigates the Swiss canton of Aargau, where the clash between industrial child labor and liberal school reforms around 1830 provides a unique perspective. The conflict prompted the mobilization of proletarian families, compelling them to organize, unite politically and collectively advocate for their children to rejoin the labor market.
Dealing with dangerous abundance: Towards post-growth International Relations
Authors: Hasselbalch Jacob , Kranke Matthias 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEven though International Relations (IR) research increasingly recognises the unprecedented urgency of environmental degradation and the resulting ecological injustices, only few IR scholars have probed into the role of economic growth as a fundamental driver of global unsustainability. We level two critiques at the field of IR from a post-growth perspective. First, most IR theories are complicit in naturalising economic growth as a fundamental condition of global order. Second, IR scholarship has neglected to engage seriously with post-growth thinking. What happens when we start to question the background economic assumptions of the current international system? How might a global politics of post-growth challenge and enrich IR and environmental politics? This Editors Forum brings together a diverse group of scholars from across the globe to reflect on these pertinent questions. As a whole, the Forum begins to address the complicity and neglect critiques. To varying degrees, each contribution considers what IR can learn from post-growth research (both conceptually and empirically), and vice versa. In this introductory article, we set the stage for such an engagement by reviewing an interdisciplinary body of relevant work and synthesising the key contributions from a total of seven Forum articles.
Design of a robotic gripper for casting sorting robots with rigid–flexible coupling structures
Authors: Wang Cheng-jun , Cheng Biao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn order to solve the problem of the insufficient adaptability of the current small- and medium-sized casting sorting robot gripper, we have designed a casting sorting robot bionic gripper with rigid–flexible coupling structures based on the robot topology theory. The second-order Yeoh model was used to statically model the clamping belt in the gripper to derive the relationship between the external input air pressure and the bending angle of the driving layer, and the feasibility of multiangle bending of the driving layer was verified by finite element analysis. The maximum gripping diameter of the gripper is 140 mm, and in order to test the adaptive gripping ability of the gripper, a prototype of the casting sorting robot gripper is prepared, and the pneumatic control system and human–machine interface of the gripper are designed. After several experimental analyses, the designed casting sorting robot gripper is characterized by strong adaptability and high robustness, with a maximum load capacity of 930 g and a maximum wrap angle of 296°, which can complete the gripping operation within 1 s, and the comprehensive gripping success rate reaches 96.4%. The casting sorting robot gripper designed in the paper can provide a reference for the design and optimization of various types of shaped workpiece gripping manipulators.
Catholics And International Peace
Authors: Todd John M. 
Published: September 2024

Integrity, Integration—such words indicate the needs of our age. They are needs which now affect humanity as a whole. All mankind needs to be integrated into the unity which it potentially is. Failure to achieve this integration involves the danger of destruction of large parts of humanity. St Augustine's definition of peace still holds good. It is ‘the tranquillity of order'.This problem of integration hinges on another problem of integration, the integration which involves the incarnation of the spiritul life in the material life. Disintegration is the disease of our time, the converse of that specialisation and expertise Which to some extent cannot be avoided. Men tend to be divided up into those who try to solve humanity's prob lems on a spiritual level, who pray about them, and live a relatively secluded life, and on the other hand those men who try to work on a solely material level, who live a relatively active life, working in the social, political, econo- mic and similar spheres.
Psychology and Religious Vocation
Authors:   ‘Medicus’
Published: September 2024

Readers of the Life of the Spirit have good reason to be grateful to
Père M. J. Nicolas, O.P. for his fine exposition of ‘The True Basis of
Religious Life’. At the beginning of his article he raises one of the most
difficult problems facing religious orders at the present day. He is acutely
conscious of the difficulties that modern temperaments have in adapting
themselves to the traditional system of religious life with its discipline
and restraints, particularly in the older and the strictly enclosed Orders.
With great sympathy and frankness he recognises that these difficulties have
to be faced both from the point of view of aspirants themselves and that of
Superiors who try to help them.
Père Nicolas considers the problem first as one of health. Since the
Editor has invited discussion, perhaps some comments may be permitted from a
medical and especially a psychological point of view.
Health, in its narrowest sense, is not in question; freedom from serious
bodily and mental disease is of course essential. It is rather a question of
temperament, character and psychophysical constitution.
Late Postclassic Lowland Maya politico-ritual architecture: Temple assemblages and Zacpeten
Authors: Rice Prudence M. , Rice Don S. , Pugh Timothy W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLate Postclassic lowland Maya civic-ceremonial masonry architecture appears in two main configurations—temple assemblages and basic ceremonial groups—first identified at Mayapan. Around the Peten lakes, these two architectural complexes have been tied to northern immigrant Kowojs and Itzas, respectively, and their distributions map the varying control over the lakes by these two ethnopolities. Temple assemblages exhibit considerable variation in their structural components and arrangements throughout the lowlands, but they have not been studied comparatively. Here, we examine 14 temple assemblages at 12 lowland sites. We consider one of the two assemblages at Zacpeten (Sak Peten), Group A, to have been built by Kowojs, who asserted their identity and earlier (Late/Terminal Classic) ties to the site by reusing carved monuments. “Blended” assemblage Group C is more difficult to parse, but reflects cosmo-calendrical principles of statecraft and the builders’ and users’ broader ties to Mayapan and Topoxte.
Are paediatric cardiology textbooks obsolete in the current digital era?
Authors: Kim Michael E. , Tretter Justin T. , Anderson Robert H. , Spicer Diane E. , Penny Daniel J. , Kumar R. Krishna , McMahon Colin J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroduction:With the rise of online references, podcasts, webinars, self-test tools, and social media, it is worthwhile to understand whether textbooks continue to provide value in medical education, and to assess the capacity they serve during fellowship training.Methods:A prospective mixed-methods study based on surveys that were disseminated to seven paediatric cardiology fellowship programmes around the world. Participants were asked to read an assigned chapter of Anderson’s Pediatric Cardiology 4th Edition textbook, followed by the completion of the survey. Open-ended questions included theming and grouping responses as appropriate.Results:The survey was completed by 36 participants. When asked about the content, organisation, and utility of the chapter, responses were generally positive, at greater than 89%. The chapters, overall, were rated relatively easy to read, scoring at 6.91, with standard deviations plus or minus 1.72, on a scale from 1 to 10, with higher values meaning better results. When asked to rank their preferences in where they obtain educational content, textbooks were ranked the second highest, with in-person teaching ranking first. Several themes were identified including the limitations of the use of textbook use, their value, and ways to enhance learning from their reading. There was also a near-unanimous desire for more time to self-learn and read during fellowship.Conclusions:Textbooks are still highly valued by trainees. Many opportunities exist, nonetheless, to improve how they can be organised to deliver information optimally. Future efforts should look towards making them more accessible, and to include more resources for asynchronous learning.
Patient comfort with sexual orientation and gender identity questions in adult congenital cardiology clinics
Authors: Cook Stephen C. , Deb Brototo , Pastor Tony , Hobson Clare , Walsh Kaitlyn , Ofner Susan , Salciccioli Katherine , Gonzalez Vincent , Reardon Leigh C. , Carazo Matthew 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground:Lack of sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI) data creates barriers for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) people in health care. Barriers to SOGI data collection include physician misperception that patients do not want to answer these questions and discomfort asking SOGI questions. This study aimed to assess patient comfort towards SOGI questions across five quaternary care adult congenital heart disease (ACHD) centres.Methods:A survey administered to ACHD patients (≥18 years) asked (1) two-step gender identity and birth sex, (2) acceptance of SOGI data, and (3) the importance for ACHD physicians to know SOGI data. Chi-square tests were used to analyse differences among demographic groups and logistic regression modelled agreement with statement of patient disclosure of SOGI improving patient–physician communication.Results:Among 322 ACHD patients, 82% identified as heterosexual and 16% identified as LGBTQ+, across the age ranges 18–29 years (39.4%), 30–49 years (47.8%), 50–64 years (8.7%), and > 65 years (4.0%). Respondents (90.4%) felt comfortable answering SOGI questions. Respondents with bachelor’s/higher education were more likely to “agree” that disclosure of SOGI improves patient–physician communication compared to those with less than bachelor’s education (OR = 2.45; 95% CI 1.41, 4.25; p = .0015).Conclusion:These findings suggest that in this largely heterosexual population, SOGI data collection is unlikely to cause patient discomfort. Respondents with higher education were twice as likely to agree that SOGI disclosure improves patient–physician communication. The inclusion of SOGI data in future studies will provide larger samples of underrepresented minorities (e.g. LGBTQ+ population), thereby reducing healthcare disparities within the field of cardiovascular research.
GEOMETRY OF CLAIRAUT CONFORMAL RIEMANNIAN MAPS
Authors: MEENA KIRAN , SHAH HEMANGI MADHUSUDAN , ŞAHIN BAYRAM 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article introduces the Clairaut conformal Riemannian map. This notion includes the previously studied notions of Clairaut conformal submersion, Clairaut Riemannian submersion, and the Clairaut Riemannian map as particular cases, and is well known in the classical theory of surfaces. Toward this, we find the necessary and sufficient condition for a conformal Riemannian map

$\varphi : M \to N$

between Riemannian manifolds to be a Clairaut conformal Riemannian map with girth

$s = e^f$

. We show that the fibers of

$\varphi $

are totally umbilical with mean curvature vector field the negative gradient of the logarithm of the girth function, that is,

$-\nabla f$

. Using this, we obtain a local splitting of M as a warped product and a usual product, if the horizontal space is integrable (under some appropriate hypothesis). We also provide some examples of the Clairaut conformal Riemannian maps to confirm our main theorem. We observe that the Laplacian of the logarithmic girth, that is, of f, on the total manifold takes the special form. It reduces to the Laplacian on the horizontal distribution, and if it is nonnegative, the universal covering space of M becomes a product manifold, under some hypothesis on f. Analysis of the Laplacian of f also yields the splitting of the universal covering space of M as a warped product under some appropriate conditions. We calculate the sectional curvature and mixed sectional curvature of M when f is a distance function. We also find the relationships between the total manifold and the fibers being symmetrical and, in particular, having constant sectional curvature, and from there, we compare their universal covering spaces, if fibers are also complete, provided f is a distance function. We also find a condition on the curvature tensor of the fibers to be semi-symmetric, provided that the total manifold is semi-symmetric and f is a distance function. In turn, this gives the warped product of symmetric, semi-symmetric spaces into two symmetric, semi-symmetric subspaces (under some hypothesis). Also if the Hessian or the Laplacian of the Riemannian curvature tensor fields is zero, or has a harmonic curvature tensor, then the fibers of

$\varphi $

also satisfy the same property, if f is also a distance function. By obtaining Bochner-type formulas for Clairaut conformal Riemannian maps, we establish the relations between the divergences of the Ricci curvature tensor on fibers and horizontal space and the corresponding scalar curvature. We also study the horizontal Killing vector field of constant length and show that they are parallel under appropriate hypotheses. This in turn gives the splitting of the total manifold, if it admits a horizontal parallel Killing vector field and if the horizontal space is integrable. Finally, assuming that

$\nabla f$

is a nontrivial gradient Ricci soliton on M, we prove that any vertical vector field is incompressible and hence the volume form of the fiber is invariant under the flow of the vector field.
KRONECKER COEFFICIENTS FOR (DUAL) SYMMETRIC INVERSE SEMIGROUPS
Authors: MAZORCHUK VOLODYMYR , SRIVASTAVA SHRADDHA 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe study analogues of Kronecker coefficients for symmetric inverse semigroups, for dual symmetric inverse semigroups and for the inverse semigroups of bijections between subquotients of finite sets. In all cases, we reduce the problem of determination of such coefficients to some group-theoretic and combinatorial problems. For symmetric inverse semigroups, we provide an explicit formula in terms of the classical Kronecker and Littlewood–Richardson coefficients for symmetric groups.
Impacts of Local Circulations on Ozone Pollution in the New York Metropolitan Area: Evidence From Three Summers of Observations
Authors: Luo Huiying , Lu Cheng‐Hsuan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractElevated surface ozone levels are often detected in the New York metropolitan area during summertime. Moreover, surface ozone in this region exhibits sharp spatial gradients and distinctive diurnal cycles under the influence of complex boundary layer circulations induced by the intricate coastal geometry. This study examines how surface ozone is impacted by local circulations spatially and temporally under different temperature scenarios (all summer days, hot summer days, and extreme heat days) with the help of cluster‐based meteorological conditions during the summertime of 2017–2019. The most polluted days are found to be highly associated with hot sea breeze days with weak background flow. When sea breeze development in the New York Bight is delayed and its penetration north is intercepted by the dominant westerlies during hot summer days, daily maximum 8‐hr average ozone (DMA8) in some ozone hot spots of New York City (NYC) and the south shore of Connecticut (CT) typically drops 9–10 ppb under comparable temperature levels. The average regional decrease of DMA8 for NYC and coastal CT is 6.7 and 8.3 ppb, respectively. Furthermore, we conclude that a change in early morning meridional wind direction is the most critical meteorological characteristic in controlling sea breeze onset type and helping modulate ozone exceedances in the region during extreme hot days when ozone exceedances are expected to be very common. The conclusion is further demonstrated with two case studies during the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study 2018 field campaign.
A Geostatistics‐Based Tool to Characterize Spatio‐Temporal Patterns of Remotely Sensed Land Surface Temperature Fields Over the Contiguous United States
Authors: Torres‐Rojas L. , Waterman T. , Cai J. , Zorzetto E. , Wainwright H. M. , Chaney N. W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSurface fluxes and states can recur and remain consistent across various spatial and temporal scales, forming space‐time patterns. Quantifying and understanding the observed patterns is desirable, as they provide information about the dynamics of the processes involved. This study introduces the empirical spatio‐temporal covariance function and a corresponding parametric covariance function as tools to identify and characterize spatio‐temporal patterns in remotely sensed fields. The method is demonstrated using 2 km hourly GOES‐16/17 land surface temperature (LST) data over the Contiguous United States by splitting the area into 1.0° × 1.0° domains. The summer day‐time LST ESTCFs for 2018 to 2022 are derived for each domain, and a parametric covariance model is fitted. Clustering analysis is applied to detect areas with similar spatio‐temporal LST patterns. Six main zones within CONUS are identified and characterized based on their variance and temporal and spatial characteristic length scales (i.e., scales for which the temperature variations are temporally and spatially related), respectively: (a) Eastern plains with 3 K2, ∼6 hr, and 0.15°, (b) Gulf of California with 60 K2, ∼8 hr, and 0.34°, (c) mountains and coasts transition 1 with 16 K2, ∼11 hr, and 0.25°, (d) central US, Midwest, and South cities with 5.5 K2, ∼8 hr, and ∼0.2°, (e) mountains and coasts transition 2 with ∼10 K2, ∼8 hr, and 0.2°, and (f) largest mountains and coastlines with ∼19 K2, ∼13 hr, and 0.3°. The tools introduced provide a pathway to formally identify and summarize the spatio‐temporal patterns observed in remotely sensed fields and relate those to more complex processes within the Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmosphere System.