bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep duration and blood pressure: a longitudinal analysis from early to late adolescence
Authors: Paciência Inês , Araújo Joana , Ramos Elisabete 
Published: June 2016

SummaryThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between sleep duration and blood pressure using a cross‐sectional and longitudinal approach. As part of a population‐based cohort, 1403 adolescents were evaluated at 13 and 17 years old. Sleep duration was estimated by the difference between self‐reported usual bedtime and wake‐up time. Blood pressure was measured using the auscultatory method. Regression coefficients (β) and respective 95% confidence intervals were computed to evaluate the association between sleep duration and blood pressure, using linear regression models adjusted for practice of sports and body mass index at 17 years old. The mean (standard deviation) sleep duration at 13 years old was 9.0 (0.76) h per day, and on average it decreased by 46 min up to 17 years old. The median (25th–75th) systolic blood pressure at 17 years old was 110.0 (103.5–119.0) mmHg in females and 114.0 (106.0–122.0)mmHg in males (P < 0.001); for diastolic blood pressure the values were 66.0 (60.0–71.0) and 69.0 (62.0–75.0) mmHg, respectively (P < 0.001). In cross‐sectional analysis, at 17 years old, after adjustment, a positive association was found between sleep duration and blood pressure, significant only for systolic blood pressure among females [β = 0.730 (0.005; 1.455)]. In girls, no significant association was found between sleep duration at 13 years old and blood pressure at 17 years old, but in males an inverse association was found between sleep duration at 13 years old and blood pressure at 17 years old significant only for systolic blood pressure [β = −1.938 (−3.229; −0.647)]. This study found no association between sleep duration at 13 years old and blood pressure at 17 years old in girls, but among males an inverse association was found.
The Formulation Design of Elderly Special Diets
Authors: Funami Takahiro 
Published: June 2016

AbstractTexture is important not only for food palatability but also for the safety of eating in recent aged society. For the elderlies, particularly those with reduced capability of eating, textural properties of food products should be modified from rheological, colloidal and tribological aspects to make the products friendly to these people. Formulation design for the texture of elderly special diets is now one of the most important tasks in Japanese food industry, and actually Japan is leading the product development by its diversity and quality. In this article, recent research progress on the formulation design of elderly special diets is presented mainly from industrial point of view by focusing on food texture.Practical ApplicationsThis article can enlighten food industry on usefulness of polysaccharides as a texture modifier in elderly special diets. For the elderlies, safe consumption should be a prerequisite for eating pleasure, and thus texture deign using polysaccharides can lead to improved quality of life. To understand associated working criteria is important for the industry not only from technical but also commercial aspects. In total, this article can contribute to the enhancement of motivation for product development of elderly special diets.
Systematic Review of the Diagnostic Accuracy of Haptoglobin, Serum Amyloid A, and Fibrinogen versus Clinical Reference Standards for the Diagnosis of Bovine Respiratory Disease
Authors: Abdallah A. , Hewson J. , Francoz D. , Selim H. , Buczinski S. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundBovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a worldwide animal health concern especially in feedlot, dairy, and veal calves. One of the greatest challenges is the absence of a gold standard for achieving an accurateantemortemdiagnosis. Various blood markers, including the acute‐phase proteins (AAP), have been proposed as potential valuable tools forBRDdiagnosis.ObjectivesTo perform a systematic review of the literature to assess the accuracy of selectedAPP(haptoglobin [Hp], serum amyloid A [SAA], and fibrinogen [Fb]) as diagnostic tools for cattle with naturally occurringBRDwhen compared with clinical reference standards of diagnosis.MethodsThis review was performed with eligible studies selected fromCABAbstract andMEDLINEfrom 1946 to 2015, as well as the “gray literature.” Methodological quality of included studies was assessed using theQUADAS‐2 tool developed for diagnostic accuracy studies. The accuracy parameters sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) were obtained from the articles or through contact with the authors when not directly reported.ResultsA total of 314 studies were identified, from them, 23 met inclusion criteria as diagnostic studies for naturally occurringBRD. Quality of studies showed high risk of bias for case selection (70% of articles) and unclear risk of bias for index test (65%), reference standard (74%), and flow and timing (61%). There were high concerns regarding applicability for case selection (61% of studies) and reference standards used for definingBRD(48%). The concerns regarding index test application were low (83% of the studies). Only 4–8 studies could be included in the meta‐analysis for eachAPP. No pooled estimates or pooled accuracy measurements were performed due to the low number of studies and multiple differences between studies, including reference standard definitions.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceOn the basis of these findings, it is not possible to make conclusions regarding the accuracy ofAPPforBRDdiagnosis. The reporting of accuracy ofAPPforBRDdetection is inconsistent among studies. Recommendations to improve capability for future meta‐analyses in this area include reporting studies on diagnostic tests following the Standard for the Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD), as well as trying to standardizeBRDdefinition across future studies.
Effect of Oyster Mushroom, Pleurotus ostreatus, Extract on Hemato‐Immunological Parameters of Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss
Authors: Uluköy Gülşen , Baba Esİn , Öntaş Canan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe current study investigated the effects of oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, extract on immunological and hematological parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The fish were fed diets containing 0 (control), 1, and 2% supplementation of the oyster mushroom extract for 6 wk. Blood samples were collected weekly for the first 6 weeks. After 6 wk of feeding, the fish were challenged with Lactococcus garvieae and mortality was recorded. The results of this study showed that feeding rainbow trout an oyster mushroom extract–supplemented diet stimulated phagocytic activity of phagocytic cells, lysozyme activity, and myeloperoxidase activity in serum, but it did not significantly affect the total serum immunoglobulin level. At the same time, a significant increase was found in the number of neutrophils, monocytes, and total white blood cells. Fish fed the diet supplemented with oyster mushroom extract showed reduced mortalities following L. garvieae infection compared with controls. These results show that supplementation of fish diets with oyster mushroom extract at 1 and 2% concentrations significantly imrpoves hematological parameters and modulates the immune response against L. garvieae in rainbow trout.
Single Intravascular and Oral Dose Pharmacokinetics of Mebendazole in Blunt Snout Bream, Megalobrama amblycephala
Authors: Xu Ning , Gong Binbin , Dong Jing , Yang Yibin , Ai Xiaohui 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMebendazole (MBZ) is a broad‐spectrum benzimidazole methylcarbamate anthelmintic used widely in animal husbandry and aquaculture. However, there is no information available on the pharmacokinetic behavior of MBZ in blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala. In this study, pharmacokinetic parameters of MBZ were estimated in blunt snout bream after intravascular (3 mg/kg body weight [BW]) and oral (20 mg/kg BW) administration. The analyses of plasma samples were performed using ultra performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector. After intravascular administration, plasma concentration–time curves were best described by a two‐compartment open model. The distribution half‐life (t1/2α), elimination half‐life (t1/2β), and area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) of blunt snout bream were 0.1 h, 27.9 h, and 56666.0 h.µg/L, respectively. After oral administration, a one‐compartment open model with first‐order absorption best fit the plasma data. The absorption half‐life (t1/2Ka), elimination half‐life (t1/2Ke), peak concentration (Cmax), time‐to‐peak concentration (Tmax), and AUC of blunt snout bream were estimated to be 1.9 h, 34.6 h, 918.1 µg/L, 8.4 h, and 54201.4 h.µg/L, respectively. The oral bioavailability (F) was 14.3 %. The pharmacokinetics of MBZ in blunt snout bream displayed low bioavailability, relatively rapid absorption, and relatively rapid elimination.
Effects of Dietary Inclusion of Chlorella vulgaris on Growth, Blood Biochemical Parameters, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activity in Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus
Authors: Rahimnejad Samad , Lee Sang‐Min , Park Heum‐Gi , Choi Jin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study was carried out to investigate the effects of dietary inclusion of defatted Chlorella on growth performance, body composition, blood biochemistry, and antioxidant enzyme activity in olive flounder. Four isonitrogenous (51% crude protein) diets were formulated to contain 0 (control), 5, 10, or 15% Chlorella meal (CM) (designated as Con, CM5, CM10, and CM15, respectively) and fed to triplicate groups of fish (104.4 g) to apparent satiation twice daily for 8 wk. At the end of the feeding trial, significant enhancement (P < 0.05) in growth performance was obtained at over 10% CM compared to fish fed the control diet. No significant changes in dorsal muscle and liver proximate composition were found following CM administration. The groups fed CM‐containing diets revealed significantly lower plasma cholesterol concentration than those fed the control diet. Dietary CM affected antioxidant enzyme activity; significantly higher plasma catalase activity was found in fish fed ≥10% CM and total antioxidant capacity increased in CM5 and CM10 groups compared to the control. However, plasma glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were not significantly influenced by dietary CM. Also, significant enhancement in 1,1‐diphenyl‐2‐picryl‐hydrazyl radical scavenging activity was found in dorsal muscle of fish fed CM15 diet compared to the control. The findings in this study showed that dietary inclusion of 10–15% CM can enhance growth performance and affect antioxidant enzyme activity and lipid metabolism in olive flounder.
The Cyclical Volatility of Equilibrium Unemployment and Vacancies: Evidence From Italy
Authors: Cardullo Gabriele , Guerrazzi Marco 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this study, we explore the fluctuations of unemployment and vacancies in the Italian labour market over the last 20 years. Relying on the available sources of data for unfilled job openings, we find that even in Italy, similarly to other developed countries, there is a clean evidence of the unemployment volatility puzzle. In other words, we empirically assess that the tightness indicator is significantly more volatile than productivity over the whole period. In addition, on the theoretical ground, we show that a matching model with segmented labour markets and on‐the‐job search has the potential to provide a rationale for this pattern.
Reduced impact of renal failure on the outcome of patients with alcoholic liver disease undergoing liver transplantation
Authors: Cheong Jaeyoun , Galanko Joseph A. , Arora Sumant , Cabezas Joaquin , Ndugga Nambi J. , Lucey Michael R. , Hayashi Paul H. , Barritt Alfred Sidney , Bataller Ramon 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackground & AimsPretransplant renal failure is commonly reported to be a poor prognostic indicator affecting survival after liver transplantation (LT). However, whether the impact of renal failure on patient outcome varies according to the aetiology of the underlying liver disease is largely unknown.MethodsWe investigated the association between renal failure at the time of LT and patient outcome in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD) (n = 6920), non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (n = 2956) and hepatitis C (HCV) (n = 14 922) using the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database between February 2002 and December 2013. A total of 24 798 transplant recipients were included.ResultsThe presence of renal failure was more frequently seen in patients with ALD (23.95%) and NASH (23.27%) compared to patients with HCV (19.38%) (P < 0.001). In multivariate analysis, renal failure was an independent predictor of poor survival. Renal failure showed detrimental effect on patient survival in the overall series (HR = 1.466, P < 0.0001). Importantly, the impact of renal failure was less marked in patients with ALD (HR = 1.31, P < 0.0001) than in patients with NASH (HR = 1.73, P < 0.0001) or HCV (HR = 1.52, P < 0.0001). Despite a higher model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score at the time of LT, ALD patients with renal failure had better long‐term prognosis than non‐ALD patients.ConclusionsRenal failure at the time of LT conferred a lower patient and graft survival post‐LT. However, renal failure has less impact on the outcome of patients with ALD than that of patients with non‐alcoholic liver disease after LT.
High‐throughput estimation of incident light, light interception and radiation‐use efficiency of thousands of plants in a phenotyping platform
Authors: Cabrera‐Bosquet Llorenç , Fournier Christian , Brichet Nicolas , Welcker Claude , Suard Benoît , Tardieu François 
Published: June 2016

Summary

Light interception and radiation‐use efficiency (RUE) are essential components of plant performance. Their genetic dissections require novel high‐throughput phenotyping methods.

We have developed a suite of methods to evaluate the spatial distribution of incident light, as experienced by hundreds of plants in a glasshouse, by simulating sunbeam trajectories through glasshouse structures every day of the year; the amount of light intercepted by maize (Zea mays) plants via a functional–structural model using three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions of each plant placed in a virtual scene reproducing the canopy in the glasshouse; and RUE, as the ratio of plant biomass to intercepted light.

The spatial variation of direct and diffuse incident light in the glasshouse (up to 24%) was correctly predicted at the single‐plant scale. Light interception largely varied between maize lines that differed in leaf angles (nearly stable between experiments) and area (highly variable between experiments). Estimated RUEs varied between maize lines, but were similar in two experiments with contrasting incident light. They closely correlated with measured gas exchanges.

The methods proposed here identified reproducible traits that might be used in further field studies, thereby opening up the way for large‐scale genetic analyses of the components of plant performance.
An evidence‐update on the prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: van Ekris E. , Altenburg T. M. , Singh A. S. , Proper K. I. , Heymans M. W. , Chinapaw M. J. M. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryEvidence for adverse health effects of excessive sedentary behaviour in children is predominantly based on cross‐sectional studies, measuring TV viewing as proxy for sedentary behaviour. This systematic review and meta‐analysis summarizes the evidence on the prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health indicators, overall and stratified by type of sedentary behaviour (TV viewing, computer use/games, screen time and objective sedentary time).PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO and Cochrane were systematically searched till January 2015. Methodological quality of all included studies was scored, and a best evidence synthesis was applied.We included 109 studies of which 19 were of high quality. We found moderate‐to‐strong evidence for a relationship of overall sedentary time with some anthropometrics (overweight/obesity, weight‐for‐height), one cardiometabolic biomarker (HDL‐cholesterol) and some fitness indicators (fitness, being unfit). For other health indicators, we found no convincing evidence because of inconsistent or non‐significant findings. The evidence varied by type of sedentary behaviour. The meta‐analysis indicated that each additional baseline hour of TV viewing (β = 0.01, 95%CI = [−0.002; 0.02]) or computer use (β = 0.00, 95%CI = [−0.004; 0.01]) per day was not significantly related with BMI at follow‐up.We conclude that the evidence for a prospective relationship between childhood sedentary behaviour and biomedical health is in general unconvincing.
Most stomatal closure in woody species under moderate drought can be explained by stomatal responses to leaf turgor
Authors: Rodriguez‐Dominguez Celia M. , Buckley Thomas N. , Egea Gregorio , de Cires Alfonso , Hernandez‐Santana Virginia , Martorell Sebastia , Diaz‐Espejo Antonio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractReduced stomatal conductance (gs) during soil drought in angiosperms may result from effects of leaf turgor on stomata and/or factors that do not directly depend on leaf turgor, including root‐derived abscisic acid (ABA) signals. To quantify the roles of leaf turgor‐mediated and leaf turgor‐independent mechanisms in gs decline during drought, we measured drought responses of gs and water relations in three woody species (almond, grapevine and olive) under a range of conditions designed to generate independent variation in leaf and root turgor, including diurnal variation in evaporative demand and changes in plant hydraulic conductance and leaf osmotic pressure. We then applied these data to a process‐based gs model and used a novel method to partition observed declines in gs during drought into contributions from each parameter in the model. Soil drought reduced gs by 63–84% across species, and the model reproduced these changes well (r2 = 0.91, P < 0.0001, n = 44) despite having only a single fitted parameter. Our analysis concluded that responses mediated by leaf turgor could explain over 87% of the observed decline in gs across species, adding to a growing body of evidence that challenges the root ABA‐centric model of stomatal responses to drought.
Contribution of gall microscopic structure to taxonomy of gallicolous aphids on Pistacia
Authors: Álvarez R. , Martinez J.‐J. I. , Muñoz‐Viveros A. L. , Molist P. , Abad‐González J. , Nieto Nafría J. M. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Aphids inducing galls on Pistacia plants belong to the tribe Fordini. According to the Heie & Wegierek classification, the genera are grouped into three subtribes. Previous microscopic studies showed that this taxonomy is not consistent with the histological characteristics of the galls.

In this paper, galls induced by Aplonerura lentisci, Asiphonella cynodonti, Forda riccobonii, Slavun wertheimae and Smynthurodes betae were analyzed for the first time, as well as nine other galls previously described.

Based on histological features three groups of galls can be establish: the first group comprises closed galls, induced by Baizongia pistaciae, Geoica utricularia, Rectinasus buxtoni and Slavun wertheimae; the second group includes two species of Geopemphigus (G. blackmani and G. torsus), and the third one is divided into two subgroups, the first comprises Aplonerura lentisci, Asiphonella cynodonti and Geopemphigus morral, and the second that includes Forda formicaria, F. marginata, F. riccobonii, Paracletus cimiciformis and Smynthurodes betae.

An identification key of species based on microscopic features of galls is presented.
Determinants of Exclusive Breast Feeding in sub‐Saharan Africa: A Multilevel Approach
Authors: Yalçin Siddika Songül , Berde Anselm S. , Yalçin Suzan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundThe study aimed to provide an overall picture of the general pattern of exclusive breast feeding (EBF) in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA) by examining maternal sociodemographic, antenatal and postnatal factors associated with EBF in the region, as well as explore countries variations in EBF rates.MethodsWe utilised cross‐sectional data from the Demographic Health Surveys in 27 SSA countries. Our study sample included 25 084 infants under 6 months of age. The key outcome variable was EBF in the last 24 h. Due to the hierarchical structure of the data, a multilevel logistic regression model was used to explore factors associated with EBF.ResultsThe overall prevalence of EBF in SSA was 36.0%, the prevalence was highest in Rwanda and lowest in Gabon. In the multilevel regression model, factors that were associated with increased likelihood of EBF included secondary and above maternal education, mothers within the ages of 25–34 years, rural residence, richer household wealth quantile, 4+ antenatal care visit, delivering in a health facility, singleton births, female infants, early initiation of breast feeding (EIBF), and younger infants. However, countries with higher gross national income per capita had lower EBF rates.ConclusionsTo achieve a substantial increase in EBF rates in SSA, breast‐feeding interventions and policies should target all women but with more emphasis to mothers with younger age, low educational status, urban residence, poor status, multiple births, and male infants. In addition, there is a need to promote antenatal care utilisation, hospital deliveries, and EIBF.
Seasonal and Ageing‐Depending Changes of Aquaporins 1 and 9 Expression in the Genital Tract of Buffalo Bulls (Bubalus bubalis)
Authors: Arrighi S. , Bosi G. , Accogli G. , Desantis S. 
Published: June 2016

ContentThe presence of Aquaporins 1 (AQP1) and 9 (AQP9), integral membrane water channels that facilitate rapid passive movement of water and solutes, was immunohistochemically detected in the excurrent ducts collected from sexually mature buffalo bulls of proven fertility during the mating (late autumn–winter) and non‐mating (late spring to the beginning of autumn) seasons. Furthermore, the research was performed also on the epididymal cauda of a senile buffalo bull with inactive testis. Aquaporins 1 and 9 were immunolocalized at distinct levels. In the efferent ducts, AQP1 immunoreactivity was strongly evidenced at the apical surface of the non‐ciliated cells and weakly along the basal membrane of the epithelial cells. The latter reactivity disappeared during the non‐mating season. No AQP1 immunoreactivity was detected in the epithelium of epididymis and vas deferens, whereas AQP1 was expressed in the smooth muscle layer of the vas deferens. Aquaporin 1 was present in the blood vessels and in small nerve bundles all along the genital tract. The supranuclear zone of the epididymal principal cells was AQP9 immunoreactive, limited to the corpus and cauda regions, and vas deferens. The samples collected in the two reproductive seasons showed a weaker AQP9 immunoreactivity during the non‐mating season. A typical AQP9 immunoreactivity was noticed in the old buffalo examined. The tested AQP molecules showed a different expression pattern in comparison with laboratory mammals, primates, equine, dog and cat. In addition, seasonal differences were noticed which are possibly useful in regard to the comprehension of the morphophysiology of reproduction in the bubaline species, which are still a matter of debate.