bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Water storage variations and their relation to climate factors over Central Asia and surrounding areas over 30 years
Authors: Li Xinwu , Gao Xizhang , Chang Yuting , Mu Dapeng , Liu Hailong , Sun Zhongchang , Guo Jinyun 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Continental or regional water storage variations (WSVs) are crucial to regional economic development and human society and play an important role in coping with global change. Water scarcity is currently an especially key issue in Central Asia (CA), and therefore the study of WSVs can aid in the adoption of measures for mitigating pressures from contemporary environmental changes and economic development in CA. Based on Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), Global Land Data Assimilation System (GLDAS), and CRU meteorological datasets and a proposed combined filter strategy, WSVs in Central Asia and its surrounding areas over 30 years are investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the WSVs derived from GRACE and GLDAS over CA generally show a decreasing tendency. CRU data demonstrated that CA has been undergoing a warming trend. The water loss in CA may be caused by warming, which will lead to the loss of soil moisture. Moreover, the water mass in the Tibetan Plateau and Tarim basin increases, which may be caused by glacier melting in the Pamirs and Himalaya. The precipitation contributed little to changes in water storage, but at the basin scale, the precipitation anomalies were very similar to the GRACE and GLDAS data, which can be viewed as an indicator of WSVs.
Influence of Seasons and Extenders on Quality and Freezability of Gir Bull Semen under Middle Gujarat Climate
Authors: Chaudhari D. V. , Patel J. A. , Hadiya K. K. , Dhami A. J. 
Published: January 2018

The study was conducted to evaluate the seasonal influence (peak winter and summer) and the efficacy of three extenders (egg yolk based TFYG extender and egg yolk free soya bean based commercial extenders Optixcell and Andromed) on quality and freezability of Gir bull semen in Middle Gujarat. Semen ejaculates (6/bull/season, total36) revealed mean ejaculate volume 6.49±0.30 ml, sperm concentration1212.36±58.10 million/ml, progressive motility 74.17±0.78 %, live sperm 81.39±0.80 %, abnormal sperm 7.36±0.31 %, and sperm with intact plasma membrane 81.31±0.98 % and intact acrosome 94.81±0.24 %. Only the progressive sperm motility was significantly (P<0.05) higher(76.39±0.97 % vs. 71.94±1.00 %) with lesser sperm abnormality(6.17±0.37 % vs. 8.56±0.30 %) during winter than in summer. Semen samples split diluted with TFYG, Optixcell and Andromed extenders recorded the overall mean values of progressive sperm motility, livability, abnormality, plasma membrane integrity and acrosomal integrity during winter season as 77.87±0.51, 77.50±0.45, 5.56±0.20,76.02±0.81 and 94.35±0.29 on dilution; 72.41±0.51, 70.50±0.64, 5.96±0.26, 71.20±0.79 and 93.09±0.32 at pre-freeze stage; 41.30 ±0.94, 50.28±1.03, 9.15±0.31, 29.89±0.40 and 90.65±0.40 at post-thaw stage, respectively. The respective values in summer season were 72.13±0.60, 75.50±0.60, 7.48±0.25, 75.61 ±0.55 and 94.09±0.30 on dilution; 65.46±0.66, 69.41±1.05, 8.89±0.28, 69.70±0.66 and 92.63 ±0.33 at pre-freeze stage; 31.48±0.52, 45.09±0.85, 13.48±0.33, 26.85±0.71 and91.26±0.38 at post-thaw stage. The overall mean sperm post-thaw motility/longevity at 0, 30, 60 and 120 min of incubation at 37°C was 41.20±1.51, 35.19±1.47, 28.80±1.75 and 17.50±1.47 % during winter season and 31.57±0.89, 26.20±0.77, 20.37±0.83 and 13.80±0.77% in summer season, respectively. The initial quality as well as freezability of semen in terms of motile, live, normal and HOS reactive sperm including post thaw longevity were better in winter season than in summer season. Further, the values of all the five semen quality parameters studied were comparatively better in Optixcell than TFYG and Andromed extenders with significant differences only in sperm progressive motility in both the seasons.The season x extender interaction was not significant for any of the sperm quality parameters studied.
Markedly Decreasing Incidence of Blindness in People With and Without Diabetes in Southern Germany
Authors: Claessen Heiner , Kvitkina Tatjana , Narres Maria , Trautner Christoph , Zöllner Iris , Bertram Bernd , Icks Andrea 
Published: January 2018

OBJECTIVE
Studies comparing the incidence of blindness in persons with and without diabetes are scarce worldwide. In Germany, a decline in the incidence of blindness was found during the 1990s. The aim of this study was to analyze the recent time trend.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Data were based on administrative files in southern Germany to assess recipients of blindness allowance newly registered between 1 January 2008 and 31 December 2012. We estimated age- and sex-standardized incidence of blindness in people with and people without diabetes and the corresponding relative risk. Poisson regression was used to examine age- and sex-adjusted time trends.

RESULTS
We identified 1,897 new cases of blindness (23.7% of which were associated with diabetes). We observed a strong decrease in incidence in both the population with diabetes (2008, 17.3 per 100,000 person-years [95% CI 13.6–21.1], and 2012, 8.9 per 100,000 person-years [6.3–11.6]: 16% decrease [10–22] per year) and that without diabetes (2008, 9.3 per 100,000 person-years [8.3–10.3], and 2012, 6.6 [5.8–7.4]: 9% decrease [5–13] per year). The relative risk comparing those incidences was 1.70 (95% CI 1.32–2.16) and remained constant in the observation period. Regarding time trend, we found similar results for both sexes.

CONCLUSIONS
We found a significant reduction in incidence of blindness in the populations with and without diabetes, which was more prominent among individuals with diabetes compared with the 1990s. Our findings may be explained by effective secondary prevention therapies and improved ophthalmologic care beyond diabetic retinopathy, particularly regarding macular degeneration, which means earlier detection and earlier and better treatment.
Karakteristik dan Konsep Pendidikan Islam yang Terkandung dalam Surah Al-A’raf Ayat 179
Authors: Surawardi Surawardi 
Published: January 2018

<p>The problem in this research is how the concept of Islamic Education contained in Surah Al-Araf Verse 179. The aim of this study was to determine the concept of Islamic Education contained in Surah Al-Araf Verse 179. In Surah Al-Araf verse 179, Allah describes bahwasannya who will be the inhabitants of hell are people neglect and do not use their sense their minds to understand the true nature of things, is unwilling to avail their eyes and ears either to conclude all who knew and took the sciences as well as to know the signs of God that is in his creation, and the signs of his greatness contained in his books that are both a cause and the perfection of faith into the soul urge to enhance one's Islam. Islamic educational values contained in Surah Al-Araf verse 179 includes: Hell Hell supplied For Jin and Man, people who have a sense / brain, people who have eyes, those who have ears, diumpakan like stars even worse again.</p><h2> </h2><p class="MsoNormal">Karakteristik dan Konsep Pendidikan Islam yang Terkandung dalam Surah Al-A’raf Ayat 179</p>
Development of a taxonomy of practice-related stressors experienced by veterinarians in the United States
Authors: Vande Griek Olivia H. , Clark Malissa A. , Witte Tracy K. , Nett Randall J. , Moeller Amanda N. , Stabler Margaret E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop a comprehensive taxonomy of practice-related stressors experienced by US veterinarians.
DESIGN Cross-sectional survey.
SAMPLE A subset of 1,422 US veterinarians who provided written (vs selected) responses to a question in a previous survey regarding practice-related stressors.
PROCEDURES Using grounded theory analysis, 3 researchers inductively analyzed written survey responses concerning respondents’ main practice-related stressors. In 5 iterations, responses were individually coded and categorized, and a final list of practice-related stressor categories and subcategories was iteratively and collaboratively developed until theoretical and analytic saturation of the data was achieved.
RESULTS A taxonomy of 15 categories of broad practice-related stressors and 40 subcategories of more specific practice-related stressors was developed. The most common practice-related stressor categories included financial insecurity (n = 289 [20.3%]), client issues (254 [17.9%]), coworker or interpersonal issues (181 [12.7%]), and work-life balance (166 [11.7%]). The most common subcategories were clients unwilling to pay (118 [8.3%]), low income (98 [6.9%]), cost of maintaining practice (56 [3.9%]), and government or state board policies (48 [3.4%]).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE This study provided a comprehensive list of the types of practice-related stressors experienced by US veterinarians, building a foundation for future research into relationships between job stress and mental health in this population. Frequency data on the various stressors provided an initial understanding of factors that might be contributing to high stress rates among US veterinarians.
Model Sederhana Gerak Osilator dengan Massa Berubah Terhadap Waktu Menggunakan Metode Runge Kutta
Authors: Acu Yulia , Lapanporo Boni Pahlanop , Kushadiwijayanto Arie Antasari 
Published: January 2018

Persamaan gerak osilasi pegas dengan massa berubah terhadap waktu merupakan persamaan differensial non linear yang sulit diselesaikan secara analitik. Pada penelitian ini persamaan gerak osilasi tersebut diselesaikan menggunakan metode Runge Kutta orde empat dan Runge Kutta Fehlberg tingkat lima. Metode Runge Kutta menawarkan penyelesaian persamaan diferensial dengan pertumbuhan truncation error yang jauh lebih kecil. Hasilnya menunjukan gerak osilator dengan massa yang terus berkurang terhadap waktu memiliki sifat seperti osilator teredam dan menjadi gerak harmonik sederhana saat massa osilator tetap. Metode Runge Kutta orde empat dan Runge Kutta Fehlberg mampu menggambarkan keadaan sistem osilator dengan massa berubah terhadap waktu.
Consideraciones sobre el impacto de la morbilidad y mortalidad neonatal y pediátrica en la salud pública ecuatoriana
Authors: Martínez Cantos Jessica Maritza , Vinueza Mónica 
Published: January 2018

La morbimortalidad materno fetal incide sobre el sistema sanitario de forma relevante, si recordamos que constituye un indicador de desarrollo social y humano. Derivado de la preocupación que despierta el estado de la problemática en el ámbito regional, el presente artículo pretende sistematizar en la literatura algunos elementos relacionados con el impacto de la morbi-mortalidad neonatal y pediátrica en la salud pública ecuatoriana y reflexionar sobre ello. Se concluye que se hace evidente las inequidades que aún persisten en la sociedad ecuatoriana, en particular, el acceso a servicios de salud, aunque se identificaron pautas para su trasformación se requiere de un programa de seguimiento que ayude a la reducción de las mismas. En este sentido, la atención básica en el nivel primario de atención desempeña un importante papel para la promoción del cuidado a los neonatos de riesgo y a los infantes.
Percepción de mujeres y hombres adolescentes sobre su interacción escolar con los pares
Authors: Bolaños Ceballos Fernando , Guzmán Cortés Jorge Alberto 
Published: January 2018

Objetivo: se realizó un estudio con el fin de explorar los significados de ciertas prácticas relacionales entre adolescentes hombres y mujeres de secundaria de la Ciudad de México. Materiales y método: participaron 64 estudiantes de secundaria, 32 hombres y 32 mujeres adolescentes. Se utilizó la técnica de Asociación libre para explorar el significado psicológico de tres palabras estímulo a definir: Cotorrear, Llevarse y Desmadre. Se analizaron las categorías de conceptos jerarquizados a partir de su orden de aparición y de la sinonimia entre palabras. Resultados:ambos grupos presentan similitudes en las palabras usadas para definir cada estímulo, y diferencias en torno a aspectos específicos por género y la importancia para su descripción y en juicios de valor sobre éstas. Conclusiones: las interacciones entre los jóvenes son experimentadas de manera similar en cada grupo y diferente por razones de género. Los significados psicológicos de estas prácticas relacionales entre adolescentes mostraron el carácter constructivista de la violencia y de las ideas tradicionales de género, mismas que dependen de sus propias vivencias relacionales contextuales.
Infidelidad: Proceso natural del ser, realidad social y sufrimiento garantizado
Authors: Herrera Mijangos Santos Noé 
Published: January 2018

Estas líneas nos permiten conocer aportes teóricos y prácticos del fenómeno social de la infidelidad, aportes -desde la familia, sociedad, religión, ciencia y género entre otros- que guían y afectan a los sujetos en su cotidianidad.
Las investigaciones que se han realizado en el tema, nos permiten cuestionarnos y profundizar sobre la vigencia de la monogamia o la continuidad de la simulación del fenómeno de análisis, ya que comúnmente el ser humano sufre alguna vez en su vida el fenómeno social de la infidelidad.
Learning Styles
Authors: Juárez Hernández Bianca 
Published: January 2018

Los estilos de aprendizaje son las características que cada persona necesita para adquirir nuevos conocimientos en diferentes entornos de aprendizaje, estas particularidades se pueden dividir en tres: cognitivo, es decir cómo los estudiantes procesan la información utilizando diferentes estrategias, lo afectivo implica las influencias emocionales en el aprendizaje y finalmente el fisiológico, como el nombre lo dice se relaciona con las necesidades básicas de los seres humanos.
De acuerdo con Honey Alonso (1994) hay cuatro tipos de estilos de aprendizaje: activo, pragmático, teórico y reflexivo, cada uno tiene una descripción detallada de sus características más importantes y sus actividades preferidas, el mapa tiene algunas estrategias de cómo el estudiante puede aprender mejor y al último sugerencias sobre cómo aumentar el nivel de cualquier estilo de aprendizaje, si es inferior a otros.
Es muy importante que los profesores conozcan el estilo de aprendizaje de sus alumnos para que ellos busquen estrategias específicas en función de su grupo.
El poder adquisitivo
Authors: Pereyra Fausto Graciela 
Published: January 2018

Los salarios representan para la mayor parte de la población la fuente principal de ingreso. La lucha por un incremento de los salarios se da en términos nominales, para contrarrestar este aumento la medida inmediata es el alza de precios de bienes y servicios en consecuencia disminuye el poder adquisitivo de la clase trabajadora. El siguiente trabajo se elaboró con los datos de la Comisión Nacional de Salarios Mínimos y el Índice Nacional de Precios al Consumidor para determinar las diferencias entre salarios.
Anxiety, Depression and Perception of the Quality of Life in the Patient with HIV/AIDS
Authors: Salazar Campos Arturo , Valencia Ortiz Andrómeda I. 
Published: January 2018

Infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) as a complication is now considered a chronic disease and, although mortality and morbidity have been significantly reduced, the psychosocial impact of the disease generates painful consequences in the patient reflected in anxiety and depression. The concept of quality of life is global, multidisciplinary, and involves objective and subjective aspects. Health-related quality of life involves functioning and physical symptoms, psychological factors and social aspects. The interest of this review lies in the social impact of HIV, not only in relation to the economic and political repercussions for treatment and prevention, but also in the identification of variables related to the improvement of the quality of life of people with HIV. There is a great interest in the study of quality of life of patients with HIV / AIDS, and research has shown that there is a relationship between quality of life and psychological variables such as anxiety and depression, as well as biological parameters such as CD4 lymphocyte levels and the viral load that could perhaps be considered in
health decisions and in interventions that promote protection and welfare factors. The implementation of interventions aimed at improving the quality of life of patients with HIV / AIDS throughout the evolutionary period of infection is very important.
Properties Related to Weight Function
Authors: Parajuli Vinod , Ghimire Santosh 
Published: January 2018

<p>In this paper, we begin with brief discussion of theory of weights and Ap weight functions. We then state and prove some of the properties of AP weight function using elementary analysis tools. </p><p><strong>Journal of Advanced College of Engineering and Management</strong>, Vol. 3, 2017, Page: 111-114</p>
Louis Bromfield and the Pursuit of Agroecological Abundance: The Use and Limits of an Environmentalist Alternative
Authors: Hall Randal L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In the early Cold War years, neo-Malthusian authors alarmed many readers with predictions that food and other resources would fall short in supplying rapidly growing populations as ecological conditions worsened. Louis Bromfield, a prominent author, political commentator and soil conservationist, countered the neo-Malthusians by claiming that modernising farming reforms, particularly involving better care of the soil, would allow long-time abundance to continue. He undertook exemplary projects in the US Midwest, the US South and southern Brazil. Bromfield and his cohort mingled ideas about soil, health, politics and both domestic and international modernisation in ways that call into question long-time scholarly distinctions between conservation and environmentalism, while underscoring how US regional stereotypes fed into the nation's Cold War ideas about international development. Bromfield's argument that conservation was integral to modernisation did not become the dominant practice, and agricultural conservation remains a significant environmental need.
Decision making in breast cancer risk reduction
Authors: Pullen Lara C. 
Published: January 2018

Key Points

The DMP‐1 study examined women in the United States who were counseled regarding the use of SERMs as part of their regular care.
Patient perceptions regarding drug‐based therapy played an important role in the choice of therapy.
The findings suggest that HCPs should not only present medical information, but also communicate with patients regarding their beliefs and experiences.
Frailty assessment in primary health care and its association with unplanned secondary care use: a rapid review
Authors: Davies Ben R , Baxter Helen , Rooney James , Simons Phillip , Sephton Ann , Purdy Sarah , Huntley Alyson L 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe growing frail, older population is increasing pressure on hospital services. This is directing the attention of clinical commissioning groups towards more comprehensive approaches to managing frailty in the primary healthcare environment.AimTo review the literature on whether assessment of frailty in primary health care leads to a reduction in unplanned secondary care use.Design & settingA rapid review involving a systematic search of Medline and Medline In-Process.MethodRelevant data were extracted following the iterative screening of titles, abstracts, and full texts to identify studies in the primary or community healthcare setting which assessed the effect of frailty on unplanned secondary care use between January 2005–June 2016.ResultsThe review included 11 primary studies: nine observational studies; one randomised controlled trial (RCT); and one non-randomised controlled trial (nRCT). Eight out of nine observational studies reported a positive association between frailty and secondary care utilisation. The RCT and nRCT reported conflicting findings.ConclusionOlder people identified as frail in a primary healthcare setting were more likely to be admitted to hospital. Based on the limited and equivocal trial evidence, it is not possible to draw firm conclusions regarding appropriate tools for the identification and management of frail older people at risk of hospital admission.
Evaluation of Intra- and Inter-observer Measurement Variability of a Radiographic Stifle Osteoarthritis Scoring System in Dogs
Authors: Wessely Marlis , Brühschwein Andreas , Schnabl-Feichter Eva 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Objectives To evaluate the intra- and inter-observer measurement variability of an existing osteoarthritis (OA) stifle scoring system.
Methods Paired caudocranial and mediolateral canine stifle radiographs were selected randomly. A total of 15 assessment points were evaluated independently andgradedtwice (integer numericscale:1–4) at an interval of 2 weeks by three observers with different levels of experience. The grades for each of the 15 factors were summed to obtain the OA score for each patient.
Results The 15 independent assessment points measured by the three observers showed high reproducibility and low intra-observer variability. Inter-observer variability was also low (mean: 1.09 4.99, 95% CI [confidence interval]: –0.35 to 2.55). The most discordant ratings among the three observers involved sesamoid bones of gastrocnemius muscle (assessment point 11 of 15) and popliteal surface of femur (assessment point 10 of 15).
Clinical Significance A validated and feasible OA scoring method is prerequisite for reliable radiographic assessment of OA progression. The low overall inter- and intra-observer variabilities among the 15 independent measures of the OA scoring system presented herein support its feasibility for application in clinical practice as an objective tool for radiographic scoring of stifle OA.
Effect of Facetectomy on the Three-Dimensional Biomechanical Properties of the Fourth Canine Cervical Functional Spinal Unit: A Cadaveric Study
Authors: Bösch Nadja , Hofstetter Martin , Bürki Alexander , Vidondo Beatriz , Davies Fenella , Forterre Franck 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Objective To study the biomechanical effect of facetectomy in 10 large breed dogs (>24 kg body weight) on the fourth canine cervical functional spinal unit.
Methods Canine cervical spines were freed from all muscles. Spines were mounted on a six-degrees-of-freedom spine testing machine for three-dimensional motion analysis. Data were recorded with an optoelectronic motion analysis system. The range of motion wasdetermined inall threeprimary motionsaswellasrange of motion of coupled motions on the intact specimen, after unilateral and after bilateral facetectomy. Repeated-measures analysis of variance models were used to assess the changes of the biomechanical properties in the three treatment groups considered.
Results Facetectomy increased range of motion of primary motions in all directions. Axial rotation was significantly influenced by facetectomy. Coupled motion was not influenced by facetectomy except for lateral bending with coupled motion axial rotation. The coupling factor (coupled motion/primary motion) decreased after facetectomy. Symmetry of motion was influenced by facetectomy in flexion–extension and axial rotation, but not in lateral bending.
Clinical Significance Facet joints play a significant role in the stability of the cervical spine and act to maintain spatial integrity. Therefore, cervical spinal treatments requiring a facetectomy should be carefully planned and if an excessive increase in range of motion is expected, complications should be anticipated and reduced via spinal stabilization.