bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Change in Prescribing Patterns of Intravenous Histamine2-Receptor Antagonists Results in Significant Cost Savings without Adversely Affecting Patient Care
Authors: Fudge Kathy A. , Moore Keith A. , Schneider Donald N. , Sherrin Thomas P. , Wellman Gregory S. , Mcghan William F. , Bootman J. Lyle , Townsend Raymond J. 
Published: May 2016

Objective The cooperative efforts and educational activities associated with a major histamine2-receptor antagonist (H2RA) formulary change and the clinical and financial results are described. Evaluation Process An extensive financial and clinical evaluation was conducted. Sources included primary literature, reference texts, institution-specific financial data, and reports of other hospitals’ experiences. Interventions Through cooperative efforts with key members of the medical staff, several interventions were adopted: maintain only one parenteral H2RA on the formulary; develop guidelines for H2RA use and stress ulcer prophylaxis; investigate a target drug-reminder system to promote oral H2RA use. Results Within a month after implementing the formulary change and educational process, prescribing of parenteral H2RAs changed from 80 percent ranitidine to 99 percent cimetidine. Monitoring of nonformulary ranitidine use revealed only three cases of possible or probable association of adverse central nervous system effects with cimetidine in an eight-month period. Elevations of theophylline, lidocaine, or phenytoin serum concentrations; or prothrombin time above the therapeutic range during warfarin therapy occurred in only 5 of 142 monitored patients who received concomitant therapy with an H2RA. No change in serum theophylline concentrations above the therapeutic range was noted in the hospital before and after the conversion. Savings have been estimated at $250 000 in the first year and $775 000 over four years, mostly from the conversion from intravenous ranitidine to intravenous cimetidine therapy. Conclusions Successful intervention can be accomplished by cooperation between the pharmacy and the medical staff to achieve cost savings without sacrificing the quality of care.
The Mid-Term Clinical Follow-Up Using Drug-Eluting Balloons on Tibial Artery “De Novo” Lesions in Patients With Critical Limb Ischemia
Authors: Tolva Valerio , Casana Renato , Huibers Anne , Parati Gianfranco , Bianchi Paolo , Cireni Lea , Ferrero Emanuele , Halliday Allison 
Published: May 2016

Rationale: Restenosis due to intimal hyperplasia (IH) is a major clinical issue that affects the success of lower limb endovascular surgery. After 1 year, restenosis occurs in 40% to 60% of the treated vessels. The possibility to reduce IH using local antiproliferative drugs, such as taxols, has been the rationale for the clinical applications of drug-eluting stents and drug-eluting balloons (DEBs). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and instrumental efficacy of DEBs versus simple percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in patients affected by chronic limb ischemia (CLI) with tibial artery “de novo” lesions. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed and included all consecutive patients who underwent endovascular treatment for CLI in our centers between January 2011 and March 2013. Inclusion criteria were (1) “de novo” tibial artery stenosis and (2) Rutherford class >4. Lesions were further divided by TransAtlantic Inter-Societal Consensus (TASC) classification into groups A, B, C, and D. Results: Between January 2010 and March 2013, a total of 138 patients underwent simple PTA or DEB for CLI, and the groups were clinically and demographically homogenous. We decided to use DEBs in 70 cases. An improvement in the Rutherford Scale in cumulative and single TASC lesions classification was better in the DEB group (74% vs 51%; P = .024) at 24 months than in the PTA group. In the DEB group, the increase in ankle–brachial index was significantly higher than in the PTA group ( P = .039). Conclusions: Our experience in addition to the existing literature supports the use of DEB in patients with CLI Rutherford class >3.
Grip and pinch strength in children with Down syndrome
Authors: John Rebecca , Dhanve Ankita , Mullerpatan Rajani P 
Published: May 2016

Introduction Children with Down syndrome present with joint laxity, hypotonia and shortened hands resulting in reduced grip and pinch strength. Limited information on grip and pinch strength in children with Down syndrome motivated this study. Methods A convenience sample of 30 children with Down syndrome (9–16 years) from special schools and 30 age- and gender-matched healthy school children was studied. Grip and pinch strength were measured according to ASHT standard procedure using JAMAR® dynamometer and B&L pinch gauge. Anthropometric data of upper limb and subject characteristics were recorded. Results Children with Down syndrome had significantly lower values for grip, palmar and key pinch strength (p < 0.001) (6.3 kg, 1.91 kg, 2.75 kg) compared to healthy children (15.9 kg, 2.86 kg, 3.52 kg), respectively. A positive moderate correlation was observed between right hand grip strength and body height (r = 0.67), bodyweight (r = 0.69), total arm length (r = 0.68), upper arm length (r = 0.68), forearm length (r = 0.63), hand length (r = 0.68) and hand breadth (r = 0.66) in children with Down syndrome. Conclusions Children with Down syndrome presented with 60% less grip strength, 33% less palmar pinch strength and 22% less key pinch strength when compared to children without Down syndrome. Positive moderate correlation was observed between grip strength, body height, body weight and upper limb anthropometric variables in children with Down syndrome.
The feasibility and effectiveness of Catch It, an innovative CBT smartphone app
Authors: Kinderman Peter , Hagan Paul , King Sophie , Bowman James , Chahal Jasprit , Gan Li , McKnight Rebecca , Waldon Charlotte , Smith Matthew , Gilbertson John , Tai Sara 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe widespread use of smartphones makes effective therapies such as cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) potentially accessible to large numbers of people.AimsThis paper reports the usage data of the first trial of Catch It, a new CBT smartphone app.MethodUptake and usage rates, fidelity of user responses to CBT principles, and impact on reported negative and positive moods were assessed.ResultsA relatively modest proportion of people chose to download the app. Once used, the app tended to be used more than once, and 84% of the user-generated content was consistent with the basic concepts of CBT. There were statistically significant reductions in negative mood intensity and increases in positive mood intensity.ConclusionsSmartphone apps have potential beneficial effects in mental health through the application of basic CBT principles. More research with randomised controlled trial designs should be conducted.
DrosophilaPkaap regulates Rab4/Rab11-dependent traffic and Rab11 exocytosis of innate immune cargo
Authors: Sorvina Alexandra , Shandala Tetyana , Brooks Douglas A. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe secretion of immune-mediators is a critical step in the host innate immune response to pathogen invasion, and Rab GTPases have an important role in the regulation of this process. Rab4/Rab11 recycling endosomes are involved in the sorting of immune-mediators into specialist Rab11 vesicles that can traffic this cargo to the plasma membrane; however, how this sequential delivery process is regulated has yet to be fully defined. Here, we report that Drosophila Pkaap, an orthologue of the human dual-specific A-kinase-anchoring protein 2 or D-AKAP2 (also called AKAP10), appeared to have a nucleotide-dependent localisation to Rab4 and Rab11 endosomes. RNAi silencing of pkaap altered Rab4/Rab11 recycling endosome morphology, suggesting that Pkaap functions in cargo sorting and delivery in the secretory pathway. The depletion of pkaap also had a direct effect on Rab11 vesicle exocytosis and the secretion of the antimicrobial peptide Drosomycin at the plasma membrane. We propose that Pkaap has a dual role in antimicrobial peptide traffic and exocytosis, making it an essential component for the secretion of inflammatory mediators and the defence of the host against pathogens.
CLIC1 regulates dendritic cell antigen processing and presentation by modulating phagosome acidification and proteolysis
Authors: Salao Kanin , Jiang Lele , Li Hui , Tsai Vicky W.-W. , Husaini Yasmin , Curmi Paul M. G. , Brown Louise J. , Brown David A. , Breit Samuel N. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIntracellular chloride channel protein 1 (CLIC1) participates in inflammatory processes by regulating macrophage phagosomal functions such as pH and proteolysis. Here, we sought to determine if CLIC1 can regulate adaptive immunity by actions on dendritic cells (DCs), the key professional antigen presenting cells. To do this, we first generated bone marrow-derived DCs (BMDCs) from germline CLIC1 gene-deleted (CLIC1−/−) and wild-type (CLIC1+/+) mice, then studied them in vitro and in vivo. We found phagocytosis triggered cytoplasmic CLIC1 translocation to the phagosomal membrane where it regulated phagosomal pH and proteolysis. Phagosomes from CLIC1−/− BMDCs displayed impaired acidification and proteolysis, which could be reproduced if CLIC1+/+, but not CLIC1−/− cells, were treated with IAA94, a CLIC family ion channel blocker. CLIC1−/− BMDC displayed reduced in vitro antigen processing and presentation of full-length myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) and reduced MOG-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. These data suggest that CLIC1 regulates DC phagosomal pH to ensure optimal processing of antigen for presentation to antigen-specific T-cells. Further, they indicate that CLIC1 is a novel therapeutic target to help reduce the adaptive immune response in autoimmune diseases.
Expanding functions of GIT Arf GTPase-activating proteins, PIX Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors and GIT–PIX complexes
Authors: Zhou Wu , Li Xiaobo , Premont Richard T. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT
The GIT proteins, GIT1 and GIT2, are GTPase-activating proteins (inactivators) for the ADP-ribosylation factor (Arf) small GTP-binding proteins, and function to limit the activity of Arf proteins. The PIX proteins, α-PIX and β-PIX (also known as ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7, respectively), are guanine nucleotide exchange factors (activators) for the Rho family small GTP-binding protein family members Rac1 and Cdc42. Through their multi-domain structures, GIT and PIX proteins can also function as signaling scaffolds by binding to numerous protein partners. Importantly, the constitutive association of GIT and PIX proteins into oligomeric GIT–PIX complexes allows these two proteins to function together as subunits of a larger structure that coordinates two distinct small GTP-binding protein pathways and serves as multivalent scaffold for the partners of both constituent subunits. Studies have revealed the involvement of GIT and PIX proteins, and of the GIT–PIX complex, in numerous fundamental cellular processes through a wide variety of mechanisms, pathways and signaling partners. In this Commentary, we discuss recent findings in key physiological systems that exemplify current understanding of the function of this important regulatory complex. Further, we draw attention to gaps in crucial information that remain to be filled to allow a better understanding of the many roles of the GIT–PIX complex in health and disease.
Methodological approaches to assessing food security in the country
Authors: Елфимов  , Elfimov Andrey , Аничин  , Anichin Vladislav , Желябовский  , Zhelyabovskiy Aleksandr 
Published: May 2016

The authors examined known methodological approaches to the assessment of food security of the country. They have revealed differences in the structure of the indicators between the Doctrine of food safety and applied statisticians. The authors have proposed a set of food security criteria of the country.
The authors point out that according to a number of criteria it becomes difficult to follow the progress of the program provisions for the Doctrine of food security for the achievement of food self— sufficiency threshold levels, as presented criteria in the Doctrine and indicators published by statistics bodies are calculated in different ways and have different dimensions.
Making global audiences for a Hollywood ‘blockbuster’ feature film: Marketability, playability and The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012)
Authors: Davis Charles H. , Michelle Carolyn , Hardy Ann , Hight Craig 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article interprets two key concepts in movie marketing (marketability and playability) through an empirical examination of the effects of commercial interpellation of audiences for a Hollywood ‘blockbuster’ fantasy film, Peter Jackson’s The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey (2012). The article reports results of two online surveys of Hobbit audiences, one in November 2012 in the weeks preceding theatrical release, and one in February–June 2013 among post-viewing audiences, employing a mixedmethods approach that includes Q sorting and a questionnaire. We identify and describe five main pre-release and five main post-viewing audience groups, showing that the film had greater marketability than playability. Three of the pre-release audience groups expressed a high degree of anticipation to see the film, but only one post-viewing audience group expressed a high degree of enjoyment, while the others expressed various degrees of disappointment. We discuss the attributes of the film that most affected the film’s marketability and playability for each of the audience groups during the interpellation process from prefiguration to reception.
Girl!Version: The feminist framework for regendered characters in fanwork
Authors: Baker Lucy 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Regendering, where fan creators change the gender of an existing character as part of the adaptation, offers a deconstruction of gender via the simultaneous examination of the original character, and the manifestation of gender performance in the regendered cipher. It also highlights and then occupies the absence of non-male characters, an absence being identified by researchers and fans as endemic to mainstream media. An examination of elements in commercial and non-commercial fanworks and paratexts, and the fannish engagement with those texts, reveals the methods and the motivation behind the regendering as a sort of praxis situated in the conflicts and complexities of the feminist theory and politics. It is also a manifestation of subversion and dissatisfaction – theorized by Jenkins and Sandvoss – with Butlerinfluenced understandings of gender performance and oppositional heterosexuality. This analysis and overview provides the foundation for a theory of how regendering works both with and against the hegemony of the media depiction of women, sexuality and sex.
‘If Duchamp’s toilet can be a masterpiece…’: Slash manips as fannish readymades
Authors: Brennan Joseph 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This article performs textual analysis of works from two slash manip artists – Tumblr’s wandsinhand and LiveJournal’s mythagowood – to argue that the form can be understood as a fannish form of ‘readymades’. I perform a comparative analysis of Marcel Duchamp’s Fountain and the use of the toilet as a central sign in wandsinhand’s practice. The works of mythagowood are then examined. I use excerpts from various interviews with the artist to explore his practice, its connection with the Supernatural canon and his unique construction, ‘Sammy’. I compare his practice to that of figurative painter Francis Bacon and the statements his art makes on meat, beasts and sexuality. Framing my reading of the oeuvres of wandsinhand and mythagowood around Duchamp’s concept of ‘readymades’ and Bacon’s representation of meat demonstrates the potential for slash manips to explore the instability and malleability of the male sexed body, highlighting these objects’ aesthetic, artistic and cultural significance.
The contemporary Comic Market: A study of subculture
Authors: Miho Aida 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The fan cultures surrounding manga and anime in Japan, associated with ‘otaku’, continue to draw popular and academic interest around the world. This article focuses on the Comic Market (also known as Comiket or Comike), one of the largest fan gatherings in the world. The Comic Market brings together 35,000 artists selling self-published work, mostly manga books featuring characters from established series, which are purchased by the over half-a-million people that attend the event. This article, based on fieldwork conducted in the summer of 2004, argues that the Comic Market provides a space of self-affirmation, which keeps fans participating in the event even when it is physically exhausting and costs them money to do so. In contrast to approaches that imagine communities of fans communicating with one another about shared interests, this article argues that, at the Comic Market, it is not communicating with others that allows one to limit encounters with difference and affirm one’s self as a participant. Through a study of Comic Market participants, we can examine the state of self and communication in contemporary Japan and beyond.
Investigating sport rivals: Number, evaluations and relationship with team identification
Authors: Wann Daniel L. , Havard Cody T. , Grieve Frederick G. , Lanter Jason R. , Partridge Julie A. , Zapalac Ryan K. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The current investigation examined the number of teams fans list as rivals of teams they follow closely, moderately and casually. It was hypothesized that there would be positive correlations between the level of identification for a team and the number of teams listed as rivals, and that evaluations of rival teams would be most negative for teams followed closely, followed by teams followed moderately, and then teams followed casually. Further, we expected negative relationships between identification and evaluations of the rivals. The final two hypotheses concerned predictors of estimates of the likelihood of watching rivals’ games: participants would report being more likely to watch rivals of closely followed teams and that identification would account for a significant proportion of unique variance in desire to watch rival games. Students from several universities completed a questionnaire packet assessing identification for and perceptions of rivals of teams they follow closely, moderately and casually. The results indicated strong support for the hypothesized patterns of effects.
The L1L^{1} gradient flow of a generalized scale invariant Willmore energy for radially non-increasing functions
Authors: Dayrens François 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe use the minimizing movement theory to study the gradient flow associated to a non-regular relaxation of a geometric functional derived from the Willmore energy. Thanks to the coarea formula, we can define a Willmore energy on regular functions ofL1L^{1}(ℝd\mathbb{R}^{d}). This functional is extended to everyL1{L^{1}}function by taking its lower semicontinuous envelope. We study the flow generated by this relaxed energy for radially non-increasing functions (functions with balls as superlevel sets). In the first part of the paper, we prove a coarea formula for the relaxed energy of such functions. Then, we show that the flow consists of an erosion of the initial data. The erosion speed is given by a first order ordinary equation.
The Effects of Cash Pooling Application in Funds Management in a Capital Group in Hard Coal Mining Industry
Authors: Bąk Patrycja , Sierpińska-Sawicz Agata 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The article presents the effects of cash pooling application in a capital group. Calculations made on a mining company data indicate that the group’s companies achieve benefits on interests. Companies with surplus funds achieve higher interests on deposits. Companies recording cash shortages on current accounts pay lower interests on debit in the current account. Cash pooling provides for optimal use of the group’s funds, harmonisation of procedures in the area of financial cooperation, improves the group’s financial liquidity, and reduces the costs of external financing. One must not forget the effect of cash pooling manifested in high flexibility of financial settlements among the companies within the capital group.
On the well-posedness of global fully nonlinear first order elliptic systems
Authors: Abugirda Hussien , Katzourakis Nikos 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In the very recent paper [15], the second author proved that for any

f
∈

L
2

⁢

(

ℝ
n

,

ℝ
N

)

{f\in L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{n},\mathbb{R}^{N})}

, the fully nonlinear first order system

F
⁢

(
⋅
,

D
⁢
u

)

=
f

{F(\,\cdot\,,\mathrm{D}u)=f}

is well posed in the so-called J. L. Lions space and, moreover, the unique strong solution

u
:

ℝ
n

→

ℝ
N

{u\colon\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow\mathbb{R}^{N}}

to the problem satisfies a quantitative estimate.
A central ingredient in the proof was the introduction of an appropriate notion of ellipticity for F inspired by Campanato’s classical work in the 2nd order case.
Herein, we extend the results of [15] by introducing a new strictly weaker ellipticity condition and by proving well-posedness in the same “energy” space.
Ray selection for optimization of rotationally symmetric systems
Authors: Forbes Greg W. , Ruoff Johannes , Flesch Andreas , Kerwien Norbert 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEfficient performance assessment is essential during the design of systems involving complex aspheres. We present new classes of pupil sampling schemes that, with a reduced number of rays, yield accurate estimates of the RMS wavefront aberration over a circular pupil. It turns out that the number of samples in the pupil can be reduced by a factor of about 0.7, and these ideas can also be expected to lead to a similar additional reduction factor when averaging over the field and color. Beyond that, analysis of a patented lens system is used to establish the path to further significant reductions.
Investigation on the collation of the first Fight book (Leeds, Royal Armouries, Ms I.33)
Authors: Binard Fanny , Jaquet Daniel 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the collation of the first Fight Book, the Leeds, Royal Armouries, Ms I.33. It critically reviews previous hypotheses about the composition of the quires and the identification of the material lacuna, and proposes a new hypothesis. This investigation is based on observation of the original after restoration (2012) and the simulation of the previous hypotheses with a working document composed of laminated sheets into which reproductions were inserted. Bifolia were physically attached, forming quires by successive folds. This simulation phase allowed us to analyse textual and pictorial content according to the various postulates and to propose identification of the material lacuna. The pivot point allowing a new argumentation are the two counterfoils of the two flying leaves (fol. 19 and 26), which were not taken into account by previous researchers. Several synoptical diagrams of the representation of the quire are enclosed for the reader to follow the developments.
A Well Regulated Militia Political and Military Organisation in Pre-Napoleonic Switzerland (1550-1799)
Authors: Gassmann Jürg 
Published: May 2016

Abstract The period sees the transition of the ordinary fighter from feudal levy, yeoman or city burgher militia, to subject in an absolute polity, to today’s concept of the free citizen in a democratic state. In the period, the Swiss Confederacy was the only major polity that was not monarchical, but republican, and at the same time eschewed a standing army in favour of continued reliance on militia throughout. A commonwealth’s military organisation is clearly one of fundamental importance to its own understanding of the nature of rule - its “constitution”. The article traces the transition and relates it to the concept of government under the different theories of the period.