bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does clinical placement in a community alcohol and other drugs rehabilitation centre influence students’ career intention?
Authors: Salamonson Yenna , Ramjan Lucie M. , Villarosa Amy R. , Marjadi Brahm 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDue to an ageing workforce, there is a growing need for greater numbers of nurses to work in areas, such as mental health and alcohol and other drugs (AOD) rehabilitation. These practitioners need to approach their work as ‘recovery‐oriented practitioners’. Positive experiences and preceptorship during clinical placement in AOD rehabilitation settings might influence students’ later career choices and address some of the workforce shortage issues. The aim of the present concurrent, mixed‐methods study was to explore students’ perceptions of their clinical placement experience in a community‐based AOD rehabilitation setting, and to examine attitude, career intention, and satisfaction with the placement. Fifty‐eight students completed pre–post‐test surveys, with closed and open‐ended questions, which included standardized measures. A small sample of survey respondents also agreed to participate in a semistructured interview. The quantitative results revealed two predictors for higher intention to pursue a career in AOD: (i) a high satisfaction with their clinical placement (β = 0.29, P = 0.008); and (ii) a high baseline attitude to recovery‐oriented practice (β = 0.28, P = 0.013). The qualitative findings identified five factors influencing placement experience: (i) educational factors; (ii) students’ background factors; (iii) placement factors; (iv) client factors; and (v) staff factors. A model that synthesizes the quantitative and qualitative findings was also developed. In conclusion, clinical placement in a community‐based AOD rehabilitation centre improved students’ intention to work in that setting.
Curcumin alleviates macrophage activation and lung inflammation induced by influenza virus infection through inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway
Authors: Xu Yiming , Liu Ling 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundInfluenza A viruses (IAV) result in severe public health problems with worldwide each year. Overresponse of immune system to IAV infection leads to complications, and ultimately causing morbidity and mortality.ObjectiveCurcumin has been reported to have anti‐inflammatory ability. However, its molecular mechanism in immune responses remains unclear.MethodsWe detected the pro‐inflammatory cytokine secretion and nuclear factor kappa‐light‐chain‐enhancer of activated B cell (NF‐κB)‐related protein expression in human macrophages or mice infected by IAV with or without curcumin treatment.ResultsWe found that the IAV infection caused a dramatic enhancement of pro‐inflammatory cytokine productions of human macrophages and mice immune cells. However, curcumin treatment after IAV infection downregulated these cytokines production in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, the NF‐κB has been activated in human macrophages after IAV infection, while administration of curcumin inhibited NF‐κB signaling pathway via promoting the expression of nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B‐cells inhibitor, alpha (IκBα), and inhibiting the translocation of p65 from cytoplasm to nucleus.ConclusionsIn summary, IAV infection could result in the inflammatory responses of immune cells, especially macrophages. Curcumin has the therapeutic potentials to relieve these inflammatory responses through inhibiting the NF‐κB signaling pathway.
Tryptophan as a surrogate prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Chou Chien‐An , Lin Chia‐Ni , Chiu Daniel Tsun‐Yee , Chen I‐Wen , Chen Szu‐Tah 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAims/IntroductionDiabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end‐stage renal disease. Unfortunately, reliable surrogate markers for predicting the prognostic outcome of diabetic nephropathy are as yet absent. In order to find new markers in predicting the progression of diabetic nephropathy, we carried out a prospective study by investigating the correlation between serum metabolites and the annual change of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Materials and MethodsFrom September 2013 to September 2015, 52 diabetes patients at various stages of chronic kidney disease were enrolled. While serum levels of 175 metabolites were measured by AbsoluteIDQ™ p180 kit, only those with a significant difference in advancing chronic kidney disease stages were selected. After then, serial renal function change of these patients was followed up for 12 months, the outcome of renal function with each selected metabolite was compared according to the occurrence of a rapid decline (sustained annual decrement rate ≥5%) of eGFR.ResultsA total of 26 metabolites were found to be significantly associated with the severity of chronic kidney disease. Tryptophan (Trp) showed a significant association with the event of rapid decline in eGFR (P = 0.036). Serum concentration of Trp <44.20 μmol/L showed the most valuable predictive value with 55.6% sensitivity and 87% specificity.ConclusionsA lower level of Trp, especially <44.20 μmol/L, was related to a rapid decline in eGFR. Accordingly, Trp might be regarded as a potential prognostic marker for diabetic nephropathy.
Prognostic value of cell cycle arrest biomarkers in patients at high risk for acute kidney injury: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Jia Hui‐Miao , Huang Li‐Feng , Zheng Yue , Li Wen‐Xiong 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUrinary tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐2 (TIMP‐2) and insulin‐like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) are G1 cell cycle arrest biomarkers. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] in patients at high risk for AKI. The MEDLINE (via PubMed), Ovid, EMBASE and Cochrane Library databases were systematically searched from inception to December 25, 2016. Original clinical studies which met the eligibility criteria were included in this study. The prognostic accuracy of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for assessing the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and mortality was evaluated by pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic curves. A total of four prospective cohort studies evaluating 277 patients were included. The estimated area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for predicting the need for RRT in patients at high risk for AKI was 0.915 (standard error [SE] = 0.040). Pooled sensitivity and specificity with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 0.69 (95% CI 0.53–0.82) and 0.81 (95% CI 0.75–0.86), respectively. Urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] for mortality prediction in patients at high risk for AKI was assessed by qualitative description. Based on the above data, urinary [TIMP‐2]·[IGFBP7] performs well in predicting the need for RRT and mortality in patients at high risk for AKI. However, further meta‐analyses are warranted as more data become available.
CRISPR-Cas12a-Assisted Recombineering in Bacteria
Authors: Yan Mei-Yi , Yan Hai-Qin , Ren Gai-Xian , Zhao Ju-Ping , Guo Xiao-Peng , Sun Yi-Cheng 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)-Cas12a (Cpf1) has emerged as an effective genome editing tool in many organisms. Here, we developed and optimized a CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering system to facilitate genetic manipulation in bacteria. Using this system, point mutations, deletions, insertions, and gene replacements can be easily generated on the chromosome or native plasmids in
Escherichia coli
,
Yersinia pestis
, and
Mycobacterium smegmatis
. Because CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering does not require introduction of an antibiotic resistance gene into the chromosome to select for recombinants, it is an efficient approach for generating markerless and scarless mutations in bacteria.

IMPORTANCE
The CRISPR-Cas9 system has been widely used to facilitate genome editing in many bacteria. CRISPR-Cas12a (Cpf1), a new type of CRISPR-Cas system, allows efficient genome editing in bacteria when combined with recombineering. Cas12a and Cas9 recognize different target sites, which allows for more precise selection of the cleavage target and introduction of the desired mutation. In addition, CRISPR-Cas12a-assisted recombineering can be used for genetic manipulation of plasmids and plasmid curing. Finally, Cas12a-assisted recombineering in the generation of point mutations, deletions, insertions, and replacements in bacteria has been systematically analyzed. Taken together, our findings will guide efficient Cas12a-mediated genome editing in bacteria.
A Bacillus paralicheniformis Iron-Containing Urease Reduces Urea Concentrations in Rice Wine
Authors: Liu Qingtao , Chen Yuqi , Yuan Minglai , Du Guocheng , Chen Jian , Kang Zhen 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT

Urease, a nickel-containing metalloenzyme, was the first enzyme to be crystallized and has a prominent position in the history of biochemistry. In the present study, we identified a nickel urease gene cluster,
ureABCEFGDH
, in
Bacillus paralicheniformis
ATCC 9945a and characterized it in
Escherichia coli
. Enzymatic assays demonstrate that this oxygen-stable urease is also an iron-containing acid urease. Heterologous expression assays of UreH suggest that this accessory protein is involved in the transmembrane transportation of nickel and iron ions. Moreover, this iron-containing acid urease has a potential application in the degradation of urea in rice wine. The present study not only enhances our understanding of the mechanism of activation of urease but also provides insight into the evolution of metalloenzymes.

IMPORTANCE
An iron-containing, oxygen-stable acid urease from
B. paralicheniformis
ATCC 9945a with good enzymatic properties was characterized. This acid urease shows activities toward both urea and ethyl carbamate. After digestion with 6 U/ml urease, approximately 92% of the urea in rice wine was removed, suggesting that this urease has great potential in the food industry.
Risk factors for admission at three urban emergency departments in England: a cross-sectional analysis of attendances over 1 month
Authors: Ismail Sharif A , Pope Ian , Bloom Benjamin , Catalao Raquel , Green Emilie , Longbottom Rebecca E , Jansen Gwyneth , McCoy David , Harris Tim 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo investigate factors associated with unscheduled admission following presentation to emergency departments (EDs) at three hospitals in England.Design and settingCross-sectional analysis of attendance data for patients from three urban EDs in England: a large teaching hospital and major trauma centre (site 1) and two district general hospitals (sites 2 and 3). Variables included patient age, gender, ethnicity, deprivation score, arrival date and time, arrival by ambulance or otherwise, a variety of ED workload measures, inpatient bed occupancy rates and admission outcome. Coding inconsistencies in routine ED data used for this study meant that diagnosis could not be included.Outcome measureThe primary outcome for the study was unscheduled admission.ParticipantsAll adults aged 16 and older attending the three inner London EDs in December 2013. Data on 19 734 unique patient attendances were gathered.ResultsOutcome data were available for 19 721 attendances (>99%), of whom 6263 (32%) were admitted to hospital. Site 1 was set as the baseline site for analysis of admission risk. Risk of admission was significantly greater at sites 2 and 3 (adjusted OR (AOR) relative to site 1 for site 2 was 1.89, 95% CI 1.74 to 2.05, p<0.001) and for patients of black or black British ethnicity (AOR 1.29, 1.16 to 1.44, p<0.001). Deprivation was strongly associated with admission. Analysis of departmental and hospital-wide workload pressures gave conflicting results, but proximity to the “4-hour target” (a rule that limits patient stays in EDs to 4 hours in the National Health Service in England) emerged as a strong driver for admission in this analysis (AOR 3.61, 95% CI 3.30 to 3.95, p<0.001).ConclusionThis study found statistically significant variations in odds of admission between hospital sites when adjusting for various patient demographic and presentation factors, suggesting important variations in ED-level and clinician-level behaviour relating to admission decisions. The 4-hour target is a strong driver for emergency admission.
Double-blind randomised controlled trial of the independent and synergistic effect ofSpirulina maximawith exercise (ISESE) on general fitness, lipid profile and redox status in overweight and obese subjects: study protocol
Authors: Hernández-Lepe Marco Antonio , López-Díaz José Alberto , Rosa Laura Alejandra de la , Hernández-Torres Rosa Patricia , Wall-Medrano Abraham , Juarez-Oropeza Marco Antonio , Pedraza-Chaverri José , Urquidez-Romero Rene , Ramos-Jiménez Arnulfo 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionIn order to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors, a healthy diet must include dietary antioxidants from different sources (eg,Spirulina maxima) and regular practice of exercise should be promoted. There is some evidence from animal studies thatS. maximaand exercise decrease cardiovascular disease risks factors. However, very few studies have proved the independent or synergistic effect ofS. maximaplus exercise in humans. This study attempts to address the independent and synergistic effects in overweight and obese subjects participating in a systematic physical exercise programme at moderate intensity on general fitness, plasma lipid profile and antioxidant capacity.Methods and analysisUsing a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced crossover study design, 80 healthy overweight and obese subjects will be evaluated during a 12-week isoenergetic diet accompanied by 4.5 g/dayS. maximaintake and/or a physical systematic exercise programme at moderate intensity. Body composition, oxygen uptake, heart rate, capillary blood lactate, plasma concentrations of triacylglycerols, total, low-density and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, antioxidant status, lipid oxidation, protein carbonyls, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase and paraoxonase will be assessed.Ethics and disseminationThis study and all the procedures have been approved by the Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez Bioethics Committee. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals, national and international conferences.Trial registration numberClinicalTrials.gov:NCT02837666.
Exploring the components of physician volunteer engagement: a qualitative investigation of a national Canadian simulation-based training programme
Authors: Sarti Aimee J , Sutherland Stephanie , Landriault Angele , DesRosier Kirk , Brien Susan , Cardinal Pierre 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesConceptual clarity on physician volunteer engagement is lacking in the medical literature. The aim of this study was to present a conceptual framework to describe the elements which influence physician volunteer engagement and to explore volunteer engagement within a national educational programme.SettingThe context for this study was the Acute Critical Events Simulation (ACES) programme in Canada, which has successfully evolved into a national educational programme, driven by physician volunteers. From 2010 to 2014, the programme recruited 73 volunteer healthcare professionals who contributed to the creation of educational materials and/or served as instructors.MethodA conceptual framework was constructed based on an extensive literature review and expert consultation. Secondary qualitative analysis was undertaken on 15 semistructured interviews conducted from 2012 to 2013 with programme directors and healthcare professionals across Canada. An additional 15 interviews were conducted in 2015 with physician volunteers to achieve thematic saturation. Data were analysed iteratively and inductive coding techniques applied.ResultsFrom the physician volunteer data, 11 themes emerged. The most prominent themes included volunteer recruitment, retention, exchange, recognition, educator network and quasi-volunteerism. Captured within these interrelated themes were the framework elements, including the synergistic effects of emotional, cognitive and reciprocal engagement. Behavioural engagement was driven by these factors along with a cue to action, which led to contributions to the ACES programme.ConclusionThis investigation provides a preliminary framework and supportive evidence towards understanding the complex construct of physician volunteer engagement. The need for this research is particularly important in present day, where growing fiscal constraints create challenges for medical education to do more with less.
Factors predicting self-reported medication low adherence in a large sample of adults in the US general population: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Feehan Michael , Morrison Margaux A , Tak Casey , Morisky Donald E , DeAngelis Margaret M , Munger Mark A 
Published: June 2017

ObjectivesThe study objective was to determine the level and correlates of self-reported medication low adherence in the US general population.SettingA 30 min cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a national sample of adults.Participants9202 adults (aged 18+) who had filled at least three or more prescriptions at a community pharmacy in the past 12 months.Primary and secondary outcome measuresSelf-reported medication adherence was measured with the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale.ResultsLow adherence was reported by 42.0%, 29.4% had medium adherence and 28.6% had high adherence. Low adherence was significantly associated with: lower age, being of Hispanic origin or African-American, having difficulty with healthcare, medication or transportation costs, needing the support of others to access primary care, health limiting activity, using multiple providers, infrequent visits to primary care providers and visiting an emergency department >3 times in last 12 months.ConclusionsA very high level of low medication adherence is seen in the general population, particularly for ethnic minorities, those who use multiple healthcare providers and those who experience barriers to access for regular primary care. As clinical, patient education and counselling, and healthcare policy initiatives are directed to tracking the problem of low medication adherence, these should be priority populations for research and interventions.
Diagnosis and treatment for hyperuricaemia and gout: a protocol for a systematic review of clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements
Authors: Li Qianrui , Li Xiaodan , Kwong Joey Sum-Wing , Chen Hao , Sun Xin , Tian Haoming , Li Sheyu 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionGout and hyperuricaemia are major health issues and relevant guidance documents have been released by a variety of national and international organisations. However, these documents contain inconsistent recommendations with unclear quality profiles. We aim to conduct a systematic appraisal of the clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment for hyperuricaemia and gout, and to summarise recommendations.MethodsWe will search PubMed, EMBASE and guideline databases to identify published clinical practice guidelines and consensus statements. We will search Google and Google Scholar for additional potentially eligible documents. The quality of included guidelines and consensus statements will be assessed using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument and be presented as scores. We will also manually extract recommendations for clinical practice from all included documents.Ethics and disseminationThe results of this systematic review will be disseminated through relevant conferences and peer-reviewed journals.Protocol registration numberPROSPERO CRD42016046104.
Effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment for non-specific lower back pain: protocol for a systematic review
Authors: Leem Jungtae , Lee Seunghoon , Park Yeoncheol , Seo Byung-Kwan , Cho Yeeun , Kang Jung Won , Lee Yoon Jae , Ha In-Hyuk , Lee Hyun-jong , Kim Eun-Jung , Lee Sanghoon , Nam Dongwoo 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionMany patients experience acute lower back pain that becomes chronic pain. The proportion of patients using complementary and alternative medicine to treat lower back is increasing. Even though several moxibustion clinical trials for lower back pain have been conducted, the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion intervention is controversial. The purpose of this study protocol for a systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment for non-specific lower back pain patients.Methods and analysisWe will conduct an electronic search of several databases from their inception to May 2017, including Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trial, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Wanfang Database, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Korean Medical Database, Korean Studies Information Service System, National Discovery for Science Leaders, Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System, the Korea Institute of Science and Technology, and KoreaMed. Randomised controlled trials investigating any type of moxibustion treatment will be included. The primary outcome will be pain intensity and functional status/disability due to lower back pain. The secondary outcome will be a global measurement of recovery or improvement, work-related outcomes, radiographic improvement of structure, quality of life, and adverse events (presence or absence). Risk ratio or mean differences with a 95% confidence interval will be used to show the effect of moxibustion therapy when it is possible to conduct a meta-analysis.Ethics and disseminationThis review will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and will be presented at an international academic conference for dissemination. Our results will provide current evidence of the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion treatment in non-specific lower back pain patients, and thus will be beneficial to patients, practitioners, and policymakers.Trial registration numberCRD42016047468 in PROSPERO 2016