bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Combined Treatment with Laser Photocoagulation and Cryotherapy for Threshold Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Autrata R. , Šenková K. , Holoušová M. , Helmanová I. , Pyrochtová S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the structural, functional, and refractive outcome, safety, and effectiveness of combined cryotherapy and diode laser indirect photocoagulation in the treatment of threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Methods Medical records of patients developing threshold ROP between 1995 and 2003 were reviewed to identify those with combined treatment and followed up for at least 4 years postoperatively. A total of 94 patients (172 eyes) received combined treatment. Data consisted of grade of ROP pre- and postoperatively, most recent fundus examination, birthweight, visual acuity, complications, and refraction. Diode laser was used to ablate posterior avascular retina, and cryotherapy was used for anterior retina. Results A total of 149 (87%) eyes responded to combined treatment and they had favorable anatomic outcome at last examination. In 131 eyes (76%), functional outcome was favorable (visual acuity better than 20/200) at last examination. Perioperative complications included hemorrhages in 26% of eyes, which resorbed spontaneously. Mean duration of treatment was 31 minutes/eye. At final visit (4 to 12 years), 115 eyes (66.8%) refracted were myopic, of which 26 (22.5%) had high myopia over −6 diopters. Conclusions Combined cryotherapy and diode laser photocoagulation for ROP in our patients resulted in regression of threshold ROP with relatively successful structural and functional outcomes. Combined therapy may be faster and useful for eyes with very posterior ROP. This may decrease the number of complications occurring when excessive cryotherapy or laser photoablation must be used in zone 1 ROP.
Surgical Management of Optic Disc Pit Associated Maculopathy
Authors: Ghosh Y.K. , Banerjee S. , Konstantinidis A. , Athanasiadis I. , Kirkby G.R. , Tyagi A.K. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report the surgical outcome in seven cases of optic disc pit associated maculopathy. Methods This was a retrospective case-note analysis of presenting features, pre- and postoperative visual acuities, surgical procedures, complications, and follow-up. The principal treatment in all the cases was pars plana vitrectomy, posterior hyaloid peel, endolaser to the papillomacular bundle temporal to the disc, and internal tamponade with gas or silicone oil. Results Of the four male and three female patients, two were children. All the patients had posterior hyaloid peeling during the vitrectomy and endolaser. Six patients had intraocular gas tamponade and one had silicone oil. Four patients needed a second surgical procedure to obtain a satisfactory anatomic and visual outcome. Postoperatively, four patients had an improvement of 2 or more Snellen lines. One patient with a history of multiple surgeries developed high intraocular pressure postoperatively and cataract. The mean follow-up period was 9.1 months. Conclusions Serous retinopathy associated with optic disc pit responds well to early vitrectomy, endolaser, and internal tamponade. Silicone oil was effective in one refractory case. Cumulative data are required to define the management of this condition.
Optical Coherence Tomography Findings of Incomplete Posterior Vitreoschisis with Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome and Impending Macular Hole: A Case Report
Authors: Figus M. , Carpineto P. , Romagnoli M. , Ferretti C. , Di Antonio L. , Nardi M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Vitreomacular traction syndrome is a clinical entity characterized by partial posterior vitreous detachment in combination with persistent macular adherence. Recently, optical coherence tomography (OCT) allowed visualization of incomplete posterior vitreoschisis leading to vitreomacular traction. Methods The authors report on a 57-year-old woman with blurred vision in her left eye. Results OCT scan showed incomplete posterior vitreoschisis with vitreomacular traction syndrome and impending macular hole in her left eye. Conclusions The intraoperative findings together with the evidence that the internal limiting membrane (ILM) thickness is thinner than the axial resolution of the Stratus OCT (8 μm) and a spontaneous ILM detachment has never been demonstrated are likely to support the hypothesis that posterior vitreoschisis exists and can be associated with vitreomacular traction syndrome.
Suprasellar Germinoma and Late Perioptic Seeding
Authors: Pereira L.S. , Green A.J. , Hwang T.N. , McCulley T.J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report an unusual case of optic nerve seeding 12 years following treatment of a suprasellar germinoma. Methods Observational case report. Results A 34-year-old woman presented with a 3-week history of subjective right eye visual loss. She had been diagnosed with a suprasellar germinoma at 22 years of age, which had been partially excised and radiated (5400 cGy). The tumor had shown complete radiographic regression without neurologic sequelae. Pertinent findings on current examination included right eye visual acuity of 20/150, right relative afferent papillary defect, and optic nerve pallor in the right eye. In addition, partial left facial paralysis was noted. Examination was otherwise unremarkable including 20/20 acuity in the left eye. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated abnormal enhancement and thickening of both optic nerves and along the course of the left V and VII cranial nerves. Serum levels of α-fetoprotein and β-HCG were abnormal, consistent with metastatic germinoma. Following two cycles of chemotherapy (VIP–etoposide, ifosfamide, and cisplatin), visual acuity returned to 20/20 bilaterally, with corresponding radiographic improvement and normal cerebrospinal fluid cytology. Conclusions Perioptic subarachnoid seeding may occur over a decade after presumed successful treatment of germinomas, suggesting the importance of lifelong observation.
Evaluation of Threshold Estimation and Learning Effect of two Perimetric Strategies, Sita Fast and Clip, in Damaged Visual Fields
Authors: Capris P. , Autuori S. , Capris E. , Papadia M. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose The threshold estimation, learning effect, and between-algorithm differences of the Fast Swedish Interactive Thresholding Algorithm (SITA Fast), of the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA), and the Continuous Light Increment Perimetry (CLIP) strategy of the Oculus Twinfield perimeter were evaluated in damaged visual fields. Methods Twenty-one glaucomatous patients with damaged visual fields (MD worse than −8 dB) underwent Oculus Full Threshold (FT), Humphrey FT, SITA Fast, and CLIP 30–2 perimetric examinations. All the tests were repeated in a second session at least 3 days later. The point-wise differences in absolute sensitivity and of the total deviation plot values between FT and fast algorithms, between fast algorithms and the learning effect were evaluated (Wilcoxon test and Bland-Altman analysis). Results The average point-wise sensitivity difference between SITA Fast and HFA FT strategy (0.84 dB) was significantly lower than that found between CLIP and Oculus FT strategy (1.71 dB). Between-algorithm point-wise differences of the total deviation plot values of the fast strategies were not significantly different. Learning effect for SITA Fast (0.67 dB) was higher than that found for CLIP (0.39 dB). Test time for SITA (367±71 sec) and CLIP (453±98 sec) were about 55% and 35%, respectively, shorter (pp<0.001) than those found with FT algorithms. The acceptance for fast algorithms and particularly for CLIP was significantly better. Conclusions The two fast strategies, even though using very different algorithms, showed good threshold estimation compared to FT strategies with a consistent time saving in damaged visual fields.
Combined Phacoemulsification and Ahmed Valve Glaucoma Drainage Implant: A Retrospective Case Series
Authors: Nassiri N. , Nassiri N. , Yarandi S. Sadeghi , Mohammadi B. , Rahmani L. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report on the efficacy and safety of combined phacoemulsification and an Ahmed valve glaucoma drainage implant with respect to visual acuity improvement, intraocular pressure (IOP) control, and requirement for antiglaucoma medication. Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted of 41 eyes (31 patients) with coexisting visually significant cataracts and uncontrolled glaucoma who had combined phacoemulsification and Ahmed valve implantation. The outcome measures were: visual acuity, IOP, antiglaucoma medication requirements, and intra- and post-operative complications. Success was categorized as absolute (IOPp<21 mmHg without the need for antiglaucoma medication) and relative (IOPp<21 mmHg with one or more antiglaucoma medications). Failure was considered to be an IOPp<6 mmHg or IOP>21 mmHg on maximally tolerated medications or any devastating complication. Results The mean patient age was 67.3±5.9 years old. The mean visual acuity improved from 0.73±0.5 to 0.16±0.16 (p=0.000). The mean IOP decreased from 28.2±3.1 to 16.8±2.1 (p=0.000, 40.4%), while the number of antiglaucoma medication decreased from 2.6±0.66 to 1.2±1.4 (p=0.000). The absolute and relative success rates were 56.1% and 31.7%, respectively; 5 eyes (12.2%) were considered failures. There were no intraoperative complications; postoperative complications occurred in 8 eyes (19.5%). A hypertensive phase was detected in 12 (29.3%) eyes. Conclusions Combined phacoemulsification and Ahmed valve glaucoma drainage implantation is a safe and effective alternative to phacotrabeculectomy in patients with coexisting cataract and refractory glaucoma.
Retinal Photocoagulation for Proliferative Sickle Cell Retinopathy: A Prospective Clinical Trial with New Sea Fan Classification
Authors: Sayag D. , Binaghi M. , Souied E.H. , Querques G. , Galacteros F. , Coscas G. , Soubrane G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To compare the clinical outcome of stage III proliferative sickle cell retinopathy (PSR) treated by peripheral retinal scatter photocoagulation to natural course disease. Methods Long-term follow-up of 101 patients enrolled in a prospective trial of photocoagulation for PSR has been completed. Among 202 eyes of 101 patients enrolled at the University Eye Clinic of Créteil, 73 eyes showed a stage III PSR, which the authors further divided into five new grades (A, B, C, D, E) considering size, hemorrhage, fibrosis, and visible vessels. Grading was based on a three-mirror fundus examination, 360° color photographs, and fluorescein angiography. Mean follow-up was 4 years. Results Thirty-eight treated eyes and 35 untreated eyes were included in this study. The evolution was not statistically significant between treated and untreated groups concerning flat sea fan p<1 MPS disc area (grade A) or elevated sea fan with partial fibrosis (grade C). Progression and regression were compared between the two groups for grade B, resulting statistically significant (pp<0.05). Nine complications (13%) were observed, which only occurred in untreated patients with elevated sea fan and hemorrhage (grade B) or complete fibrosed sea fan with well defined vessels (grade E) (pp<0.05). Conclusions These data suggest that patients with grade A or C new sea fan classification should not be initially treated but observed.
Congenital Ocular Motor Apraxia
Authors: Gonçalves Carrasquinho S. , Teixeira S. , Cadete A. , Bernardo M. , Pêgo P. , Prieto I. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose Congenital ocular motor apraxia is a rare disease characterized by defective or absent voluntary and optically induced horizontal saccadic movements. Jerky head movements or thrusts on attempted lateral gaze are a compensatory sign. Most affected children have delayed motor and speech development. Cases associated with systemic diseases, neurologic maldevelopment, metabolic deficits, and chromosomal abnormalities have been described. Methods Case report and review of the scientific literature. Results The authors describe the ophthalmologic, pediatric, and neurologic evaluations and follow-up of a child with impaired horizontal saccades, jerky head movements, and delayed motor and speech development. Conclusions Congenital ocular motor apraxia is an uncommon disorder of ocular motility. Even so, ophthalmologists should be aware of the developmental delay and the other associated conditions, in order to grant the patients the multidisciplinary assistance they often require.
Hepatitis C Virus Presumably Associated Bilateral Consecutive Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy
Authors: Fodor M. , Nagy V. , Berta A. , Tornai I. , Pfliegler G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a case of bilateral nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) in a hepatitis C (HCV) infected patient and demonstrate the relationship between HCV and the development of NAION. Methods Case report. Results A 43-year-old woman with chronic HCV infection and long-term euthyroid autoimmune thyroiditis suddenly lost vision in her right eye, and 6 months later in her left eye, due to NAION. Slightly elevated levels of aminotransferases suggested liver infection activity. Anti-HCV antibody was detected; the genotype of the virus was 1b and the viral RNA level was 1.8 × 106 IU/mL. Liver biopsy proved chronic active hepatitis (Ishak score grading: 7, staging: 2). Except for the elevated levels of antithyroid antibodies and a weak antinuclear factor, the detailed laboratory examinations (thrombophilia, cryoglobulin, anticardiolipin antibodies, co-infections) revealed no other abnormalities; a causative relationship between the underlying chronic hepatitis C and bilateral NAION therefore seems probable. The patient was treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin for 1 year and a sustained viral remission could be achieved. Her vision has neither improved nor deteriorated further. Conclusions This appears to be the first reported case of bilateral NAION presumably caused by HCV infection.
Optociliary Shunt Vessels in Compressive Optic Neuropathy by the Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery
Authors: Rebolleda G. , Corcóstegui J. , Arruabarrena C. , Martínez San Millán J. , Muñoz-Negrete F.J. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a clinical case of optic nerve compression by supraclinoidal internal carotid artery associated with optociliary shunt vessels. Methods A 78-year-old woman with the clinical triad of left visual loss, ipsilateral optic disc pallor, and retinochoroidal (optociliary) shunt vessels is reported. She complained of loss of vision in the left eye of 2 years' duration. Results A diffuse depression of the visual field was found in the affected eye. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed left optic nerve compression by the supraclinoidal internal carotid artery. Conclusions The occurrence of optociliary shunt vessels, visual loss, and optic atrophy is a non-specific sign of chronic optic nerve compression and in some instances may be falsely localized.
Favorable Long-Term Results of Primary Pterygium Removal by Bare Sclera Extirpation Followed by a Single 90Strontium Application
Authors: Mourits M.P. , Wyrdeman H.K. , Jürgenliemk-Schulz I.M. , Bidlot E. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe and compare long-term (≥36 months) effects of patients with 86 primary pterygia treated with bare sclera extirpation (BSE) followed by β-RT or by sham irradiation. Methods Prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind study After BSE of their pterygium, patients were randomized to either β-RT or sham irradiation. In the case of β-RT, within 24 hours after the operation, a 90Sr eye applicator was used to deliver 2500 cGy to the sclera surface at a dose rate of between 200 and 250 cGy/min. Sham irradiation was given using the same type of applicator without the 90Sr layer. After treatment, both a masked ophthalmologist and a radiation oncologist performed follow-up examinations. These were continued until either a relapse occurred or at least 36 months had elapsed. Results Adequate follow-up was available of 86 pterygia in 81 patients, treated between February 1998 and September 2002. Fifty-two (60%) patients were male. The mean age of the patients was 50 years (range: 24–77). After a follow-up of at least 36 months (mean: 40 months, SD:13.9 months), 5 out of 44 eyes (11%) treated with β-RT showed a recurrence versus 32 out of 42 eyes (76%) treated with sham-RT (after a mean follow-up of 22 months) (p<0.001). In the β-RT group, 80% were satisfied with the cosmetic result, whereas in the sham group this percentage was 41% (p<0.001). In the β-RT group, no scar or a white scar could be detected in 86% of the treated eyes, versus in 24% of the sham irradiated eyes (p<0.001). A change of keratometry (Javal) was seen in 5 patients (12%) following β-RT compared to 16 (38%) after sham irradiation (p=0.002). Complications were few: a granuloma was seen in three patients after sham irradiation, mild limitation of abduction in two β-RT patients versus in five after sham irradiation, and mild scleromalacia in one β-RT patient. Conclusions Bare sclera extirpation of a pterygium without adjuvant treatment has an unacceptably high recurrence rate and therefore should be considered obsolete. Bare sclera extirpation of a primary pterygium followed by a single-dose β-RT is a simple, effective, and safe treatment with lasting results and very few complications.
Patient Comfort and Surgeon Satisfaction during Cataract Surgery Using Topical Anesthesia with or without Dexmedetomidine Sedation
Authors: Erdurmus M. , Aydin B. , Usta B. , Yağcı R. , Gozdemir M. , Totan Y 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To determine the safety and efficacy of perioperative dexmedetomidine (Dex) sedation on patient comfort and surgeon satisfaction during cataract surgery under topical anesthesia. Methods Forty-four patients having routine clear corneal phacoemulsification surgery under topical anesthesia were included in the study Patients were randomly divided into two groups: Dex group (n=22) and control group (n=22). Patients in the Dex group were to receive intravenous Dex using an infusion pump and those in the control group were to receive 0.9% saline infusion. Primary outcome measures were patient comfort, surgeon satisfaction, and patient pain perception. Results There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of baseline characteristics including age, sex, eye side, pupil diameter, and vital signs (p>0.05 for all). Patient comfort and surgeon satisfaction in Dex group was better than in control group (p=0.042 and p=0.003, respectively). The mean pain perception score was lesser in the Dex group (1.23±1.72) than control group (3.64±1.43), (p<0.001). The mean surgical time and intraoperative complications were similar in both groups (p>0.05). There was no significant effect of the Dex sedation on vital signs perioperatively (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions Dex sedation improved patient and surgeon satisfaction and decreased patients' pain perception while undergoing cataract surgery under topical anesthesia. It appears to be a safe and suitable choice of sedation for cataract surgery.
Effect of Posterior Capsular Opacification Removal on Macular Optical Coherence Tomography
Authors: González-Ocampo-Dorta S. , García-Medina J.J. , Feliciano-Sánchez A. , Scalerandi G. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To evaluate the influence of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) on macular optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging quality and measurements of macular retinal thickness. Methods In this prospective interventional case series, 32 eyes of 23 patients with PCO were recruited. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), a complete ophthalmologic assessment, and macular OCT scans (OCT Stratus 3000) before and after Nd:YAG capsulotomy were performed. Two parameters for image quality (signal strength (SS) and number of tomographic messages) and 10 macular retinal thickness measurements were compared. Spearman correlations between BCVA and SS and macular retinal thickness measurements before and after capsulotomy were also performed. Results PCO removal was associated with an increase of best-corrected visual acuity (p<0.0001). The mean SS (n=32) went from 3.34±2.31 to 6.38±1.93 (p<0.0001) after Nd:YAG capsulotomy. The SS improved in 26 of 32 eyes. No significant difference between mean preoperative and postoperative macular retinal thickness measurements was observed (p<0.05) in valuable scans. Before capsulotomy, a correlation existed between BCVA and SS. After capsulotomy this correlation was no longer found. Conclusions OCT image quality is influenced by PCO. Nd:YAG capsulotomy results in a measurable improvement in SS and improvement in the number of valuable examinations. Valuable OCT scans in patients with PCO seem to yield reliable measurements of macular retinal thickness even in the presence of severe PCO. The correlation between BCVA and SS before capsulotomy suggests that the SS could be considered an objective indicator of the degree of PCO.
Spontaneous Closure of a Macular Hole Caused by a Ruptured Retinal Arterial Macroaneurysm
Authors: Uemoto R. , Mizuki N. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To report a spontaneous closure of a macular hole (MH) that was caused by a ruptured retinal arterial macroaneurysm (RAM). Methods Observational case report. Clinical examinations and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) evaluations of the retina of a 73-year-old woman who developed a MH secondary to a ruptured RAM. Results The first sign of a closure of the MH was the appearance of tissue bridging the MH in the OCT images. Later, OCT images showed a hyperreflective tissue, probably glial cells, that connected the bridging tissue to the RPE. Seven months after the first examination, the hyperreflective tissue was smaller and the shape of the foveal pit had recovered. Conclusions A spontaneous closure of a MH caused by a ruptured RAM can occur and surgical intervention was not necessary. The tissue bridging over the MH and the hyperreflective tissue connecting the bridging tissue to the RPE most likely were involved in the spontaneous MH closure.
Intravitreal Bevacizumab in the Management of Choroidal Neovascular Membrane Secondary to Choroidal Osteoma
Authors: Narayanan R. , Shah V.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose To describe a patient with choroidal neovascular membrane (CNVM) secondary to choroidal osteoma treated successfully with intravitreal bevacizumab. Methods Case report. A 25-year-old healthy woman presented with complaints of sudden painless decrease in vision in the left eye (OS) of 1 month duration. On examination, visual acuity was 20/20 in the right eye (OD) and counting fingers at 1.5 meters OS. Slit lamp examination was unremarkable. Fundus examination OD was normal; OS demonstrated a flat, opaque, yellowish parapapillary choroidal lesion with adjacent subfoveal grayish membrane associated with minimal subretinal fluid suggestive of a CNVM. B-scan ultrasonography revealed findings consistent with a choroidal osteoma. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) of the left eye revealed a relatively well-defined area of hyperfluorescence that increased in size and intensity in the later phases suggestive of active subfoveal CNVM. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) confirmed the subfoveal CNVM with altered foveal contour and distortion of foveal architecture. A diagnosis of subfoveal CNVM associated with choroidal osteoma was made. The patient was treated with intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25 mg in 0.05 mL OS and repeated 6 weeks later. Results At the 4-month visit, vision OS improved to 20/125. The FFA and OCT revealed a resolved CNVM. Conclusions Intravitreal bevacizumab may be an effective alternative in the management of CNVM secondary to choroidal osteoma. Larger series of such cases need to be studied to further validate our findings.