bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Virtual Storages as Theoretically Motivated Demand Response Models for Enhanced Smart Grid Operations
Authors: Waczowicz Simon , Reischl Markus , Klaiber Stefan , Bretschneider Peter , Konotop Irina , Westermann Dirk , Hagenmeyer Veit , Mikut Ralf 
Published: December 2015

AbstractAdditional flexibilities on the demand side can be obtained by using price signals to change the consumption behavior of household electricity customers. The present contribution proposes a new theoretically motivated demand response model type called virtual storage. First, the basic model structure of several virtual storage models is introduced. All of these models are based on a system of difference equations that describe load reductions/increases in response to price signals. The virtual storage models differ thereafter in how past or prognosis‐based future price information is considered. After a description of a proposed model validation strategy, the model behavior of several virtual storage models is compared with some of the common demand response model types and with real customer responses to a price signal. Thus, a model comparison is performed on the basis of a real smart meter data set (Olympic Peninsula Project).
Fuzzy ARTMAP and GARCH‐based hybrid model aided with wavelet transform for short‐term electricity load forecasting
Authors: Takiyar Swati , Upadhyay K. G. , Singh Vivek 
Published: December 2015

AbstractWith the evolution of the electricity market into a restructured smart version, load forecasting has emerged as an eminent research domain. Many forecasting models have been proposed by researchers for electricity price and load forecasting. This state of art introduces a load time series modeled with a hybrid technique culminating from the logical amalgamation of GARCH, a conventional hard computing method, Fuzzy ARTMAP, an artificial intelligence‐based soft computing technique, and wavelet transform, for treating the load time series. The study investigates into the ability of the proposed hybrid model in tackling the electricity load time series forecasting problems. The work under this study also includes comparisons drawn among models which use either one or two of the mentioned techniques and the model proposed. Results certify the efficacy and effectiveness of the model over others.
Thickness and material selection of polymeric passive samplers for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water: Which more strongly affects sampler properties?
Authors: Belles Angel , Alary Claire , Mamindy-Pajany Yannick 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

Three configurations of single-phase polymer passive samplers made of polyoxymethylene (POM), silicone rubber, and polyethylene (PE) were simultaneously calibrated in laboratory experiments by determining their partitioning coefficients and the POM diffusion coefficients and by validating a kinetic accumulation model. In addition, the performance of each device was evaluated under field conditions. With the support of the developed model, the device properties are discussed with regard to material selection and polymer thickness. The results show that a sampler's properties, such as its concentration-averaging period and ability to sample a large amount of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, are widely affected by material selection. Sampler thickness also allows modulation of the properties of the device but with a much lower magnitude. Selection of the appropriate polymer and/or thickness allows samplers to be adapted either for quick equilibration or for the kinetic accumulation regime and promotes either membrane or water boundary layer control of the kinetic accumulation. In addition, membrane-controlled or equilibrated compounds are quantified with greater accuracy because they are not corrected by the performance reference compounds approach. However, the averaged concentrations cannot be assessed when compounds reach equilibrium in the sampler, whereas membrane-controlled devices remaining in the kinetic accumulation regime provide averaged concentrations without requiring performance reference compound correction; detection limits are then increased because of the higher mass transfer resistance of the membrane. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1708–1717. © 2015 SETAC
Juvenile zebrafish in the vitellogenin blank period as an alternative test organism for evaluation of estrogenic activity of chemicals
Authors: Wang Jun , Zhao Fei , Shan Ruihou , Tian Hua , Wang Wei , Ru Shaoguo 
Published: December 2015

Abstract

The present study aimed to determine the suitable development period for zebrafish to evaluate estrogenic activities accurately. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed and used to detect the vitellogenin (Vtg)-derived yolk proteins and newly produced Vtg, and 9 d to 56 d posthatching was determined as the Vtg-blank period. Juveniles in this period were found to have lower baseline Vtg levels than adult males and were considered an alternative test organism for detecting environmental estrogens. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1783–1787. © 2015 SETAC
Anosognosia increases caregiver burden in mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Kelleher Mary , Tolea Magdalena I. , Galvin James E. 
Published: December 2015

ObjectiveOur aim is to determine the clinical correlates of impaired insight in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) by examining its impact on cognition, functional status, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and caregiver burden.MethodsThe study involved 75 patients with MCI and their caregivers. Patients and caregivers underwent a comprehensive evaluation including the Clinical Dementia Rating, memory tests, and the Functional Assessment Questionnaire. Behavioral symptoms were assessed by the Neuropsychiatric Inventory, caregiver burden by the Zarit Burden Inventory, and insight by comparing self‐report on the AD8 dementia screening tool to informant collateral. Patients were asked about their perceptions of their memory, and answers were compared with informants' responses. Patient mood was assessed with the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale.ResultsThere was a significant difference in AD8 scores among patients who retained versus lacked insight. Zarit Burden Inventory scores showed a significant rise as patient insight declined; the burden appeared greater on spouse versus non‐spouse caregivers. Patients with poor insight had significantly worse ratings in Clinical Dementia Rating domains of personal care and judgment, while patients who retained insight had significantly higher depression and anxiety. Insight impairment was associated with worse caregiver mood.ConclusionsDecreased patient awareness for cognitive problems was significantly associated with higher caregiver burden, independent of neuropsychiatric symptoms, functional abilities, and cognition. Personal care, judgment, and problem‐solving skills could contribute to caregiver burden. Increased awareness seemed a source of patient depression and anxiety. The research highlights the need to focus on the needs of MCI caregivers and to incorporate psychosocial assessments of caregiver–patient dyads into office visits.
Preparation, characterisation, and in vitro evaluation of electrically conducting poly(ɛ‐caprolactone)‐based nanocomposite scaffolds using PC12 cells
Authors: Gopinathan Janarthanan , Quigley Anita F. , Bhattacharyya Amitava , Padhye Rajiv , Kapsa Robert M. I. , Nayak Rajkishore , Shanks Robert A. , Houshyar Shadi 
Published: December 2015

AbstractIn the current study, we describe the synthesis, material characteristics, and cytocompatibility of conducting poly (ɛ‐caprolactone) (PCL)‐based nano‐composite films. Electrically conducting carbon nano‐fillers (carbon nano‐fiber (CNF), nano‐graphite (NG), and liquid exfoliated graphite (G)) were used to prepare porous film type scaffolds using modified solvent casting methods. The electrical conductivity of the nano‐composite films was increased when carbon nano‐fillers were incorporated in the PCL matrix. CNF‐based nano‐composite films showed the highest increase in electrical conductivity. The presence of an ionic solution significantly improved the conductivity of some of the polymers, however at least 24 h was required to absorb the simulated ion solutions. CNF‐based nano‐composite films were found to have good thermo‐mechanical properties compared to other conducting polymer films due to better dispersion and alignment in the critical direction. Increased nano‐filler content increased the crystallisation temperature. Analysis of cell viability revealed no increase in cell death on any of the polymers compared to tissue culture plastic controls, or compared to PCL polymer without nano‐composites. The scaffolds showed some variation when tested for PC12 cell attachment and proliferation, however all the polymers supported PC12 attachment and differentiation in the absence of cell adhesion molecules. In general, CNF‐based nano‐composite films with highest electrical conductivity and moderate roughness showed highest cell attachment and proliferation. These polymers are promising candidates for use in neural applications in the area of bionics and tissue engineering due to their unique properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 853–865, 2016.
Suppression of p38α MAPK Signaling in Osteoblast Lineage Cells Impairs Bone Anabolic Action of Parathyroid Hormone
Authors: Thouverey Cyril , Caverzasio Joseph 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACT

Intermittent parathyroid hormone administration (iPTH) increases bone mass and strength by stimulating osteoblast number and activity. PTH exerts its anabolic effects through cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway in mature osteoblasts and osteocytes. Here, we show that inactivation of the p38α MAPK-encoding gene with the use of an osteocalcin-cre transgene prevents iPTH bone anabolic action. Indeed, iPTH fails to increase insulin-like growth factor 1 expression, osteoblast number and activity, and bone formation in mice lacking p38α in osteoblasts and osteocytes. Moreover, iPTH-induced expression of receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) and subsequent increased bone resorption are suppressed in those mice. Finally, we found that PTH activates p38α MAPK downstream of cAMP/PKA signaling pathway in mature osteoblasts. Our findings identify p38α MAPK as a key component of PTH signaling in osteoblast lineage cells and highlight its requirement in iPTH osteoanabolic activity. © 2015 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
Advances in cryopreservation of spermatogonial stem cells and restoration of male fertility
Authors: Aliakbari Fereshte , Yazdekhasti Hosein , Abbasi Mehdi , Hajian Monfared Mahdieh , Baazm Maryam 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTSpermatogenesis is a highly complicated process which initiated by spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). SSCs are the only cell type that can restore fertility in infertile recipient after SSCs transplantation. SSCs damage during cancer diagnosis and therapy and their depletion may be cause of male infertility in cancer survivors. In this review, used experimental methods regarding SSCs and testis tissue cryopreservation have been reviewed with a special focus on animal models and human which have generated the majority of data about SSCs and the cryopreservation process. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:122–129, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Interindividual anatomical variations affect the plate‐to‐bone fit during osteosynthesis of distal radius fractures
Authors: Yoneda Hidemasa , Iwatsuki Katsuyuki , Hara Tatsuya , Kurimoto Shigeru , Yamamoto Michiro , Hirata Hitoshi 
Published: December 2015

ABSTRACTWe hypothesized that interindividual variations in the teardrop, which represents the volar projection of the lunate facet of the distal radius, cause unsatisfactory fitting of the volar locking plate to the bone. This can cause flexor tendon ruptures. Herein, we conducted a cross‐sectional study and measured the ratio of teardrop height and the teardrop inclination angle as parameters of teardrop configuration for 200 standardized lateral radiographs (average age of the patients, 51 years). We also quantified the influence of the teardrop morphology by analyzing the fit of three locking plates to three radii with differing teardrop inclination angles using a three‐dimensional computer‐aided design system. The average ratios of the teardrop height and teardrop inclination angle were 0.42° (0.30–0.56°) and 28.8° (9.9–44.9°), respectively. The teardrop inclination angle was moderately correlated with age in men but not in women. In the plate‐to‐bone fit analyses, the fit of all the plates was significantly different between bones, with the configuration of the radius with the lowest teardrop inclination angle being the closest approximation to that of each plate. We demonstrated the interindividual variation in the shape of the teardrop and its influence on the fit of the volar plate, highlighting the importance of careful plate selection for achieving osteosynthesis of bones with a high teardrop inclination angle. © 2015 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:953–960, 2016.
Early deterioration of residual hearing in patients with SLC26A4 mutations
Authors: Kim Bo Gyung , Roh Kyung Jin , Park Ah Young , Lee Seung Chul , Kang Bo Sung , Seo Young Joon , Lee Jong Dae , Choi Jae Young 
Published: December 2015

Objectives/HypothesisTo compare changes in hearing in patients with SLC26A4 during early and late childhood.Study DesignRetrospective chart review.MethodsA total of 102 patients with biallelic SLC26A4 mutations visited the tertiary referral otolaryngology department between March 2005 and February 2015. Newborn hearing screening tests had been performed on 22 of these patients. We analyzed 26 patients who underwent hearing tests more than twice using the same method (auditory brainstem response/auditory steady state response/play audiometry) before and after 3 years of age. We analyzed changes in hearing levels according to age.ResultsAmong 22 patients with SLC26A4 mutations who underwent newborn hearing screening tests, seven (31.8%) passed the newborn hearing screening test in both ears, and six (27.3%) passed in one ear. Among 16 patients with SLC26A4 mutations who underwent hearing tests more than twice before age 3 years, the hearing levels of 14 (87.5%) deteriorated rapidly during this time. Among 16 patients with SLC26A4 mutations who underwent hearing tests more than twice after the age of 3 years, two (12.5%) patients' hearing levels deteriorated; the hearing levels of most of the patients were relatively stable.ConclusionsThese data suggest that many patients with SLC26A4 mutations have significant residual hearing at birth, and that the hearing deterioration in these patients occurs before 3 years of age. After age 3 years, the residual hearing was relatively stable and did not tend to deteriorate. Therefore, in patients with a pendrin mutation, early intervention to preserve residual hearing should be a clinical focus.Level of Evidence4. Laryngoscope, 126:E286–E291, 2016
Zipping Polymers into Nanoparticles via Intrachain Alternating Radical Copolymerization
Authors: Lyon Christopher K. , Hill Ellen O. , Berda Erik B. 
Published: December 2015

The synthesis of single‐chain nanoparticles (SCNP) via the intrachain radical homopolymerization and alternating copolymerization of pendant styrene or stilbene units is reported. In the presence of a radical initiator, styrene‐functionalized polymers undergo intrachain cross‐linking to form SCNP; however, when an electron deficient monomer such as maleic anhydride is added, interchain coupling occurs. For the stilbene‐functionalized polymer, no homopolymerization of pendant stilbene units is observed, but copolymerization initiated in the presence of maleic anhydride or N‐ethyl maleimide results in nanoparticle formation. Fluorescent SCNP are synthesized using N‐(1‐pyrene)maleimide. Stilbene is known to undergo alternating copolymerization with these electron‐deficient monomers, providing a new method for synthesizing cross‐linked particles with simple alternating sequences while simultaneously installing functionality and tuning the particle size and density.
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Modeling of dynamic expansion of thick‐walled cylinder under high strain rate loading with strain rate sensitivity analysis
Authors: Bagheri M. M. , Zamani A. J. , Vitoria J. A. 
Published: December 2015

This paper presents an analysis of the dynamic behavior of thick‐walled cylinder using Levy‐Mises flow rule in the assumption of a non‐linear strain rate hardening behavior under high strain rate loading. The theoretical model to be developed in this work applies indirect use of dynamic strength of material characterized by a non‐linear relation and instant boundary condition based on Jones‐Wilkins‐Lee equation of state to establish differential equation for radial expansion velocity. Detailed discussion will be given with emphasis on the main aspects of the cylinder behaviour, i.e. radial displacement, internal pressure, strain rate, flow stress, radial and tangential stress and the influence of different material rate sensitive exponent.Results show a good agreement with the analytical solutions proposed here.
Astaxanthin supplementation enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis and spatial memory in mice
Authors: Yook Jang Soo , Okamoto Masahiro , Rakwal Randeep , Shibato Junko , Lee Min Chul , Matsui Takashi , Chang Hyukki , Cho Joon Yong , Soya Hideaki 
Published: December 2015

ScopeThere is a growing necessity for efficacious natural supplements with antioxidant effects on the brain, in particular, hippocampal function. One such compound, which also has a neuroprotective effect, is the carotenoid astaxanthin (ASX). Despite ASX's potential benefit to the brain, very little is known about its effect on hippocampal plasticity and cognition. Thus, we investigated the effect of ASX on adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) and spatial memory using a mouse model.Methods and resultsDose‐response was examined in mice fed ASX‐supplemented diets (0, 0.02, 0.1, and 0.5%) to define the effect of ASX on AHN. In conjunction with AHN results, hippocampus‐dependent cognitive function was assessed. We delineated molecular mechanisms associated with ASX‐enhanced AHN using DNA microarray analysis. Results revealed that ASX enhanced cell proliferation and survival at 0.1% and 0.5% doses. Newborn mature neurons were higher only with 0.5% ASX, which also enhanced spatial memory. Transcriptomic profiling revealed potential AHN‐associated molecules (Prl, Itga4, and Il4) that were ASX induced. Their downstream factors, identified through Ingenuity Pathway Analysis, were positively correlated with ASX‐induced increases in spatial memory.ConclusionASX supplementation enhanced AHN and spatial memory, and a DNA microarray approach provided, for the first time, novel molecular insights into ASX action.
Two‐dimensional lower bound analysis of offshore pile foundation systems
Authors: Chen Jinbo , Gilbert Robert B. , Choo Yoo Sang , Marshall Peter W. , Murff James D. 
Published: December 2015

SummaryThe objective of this paper is to present a simplified method to determine the pile foundation system capacity based on the lower bound theorem of plasticity. The motivations for determining the lower bound capacity are the following: (1) to evaluate the accuracy of solutions based on the upper bound method; (2) to provide a conservative and efficient solution to the system capacity; and (3) to provide information about load distribution among individual piles at the verge of failure for the pile system. The failure mechanisms for a single pile and for the pile system are assumed to be two‐dimensional. For a typical long offshore pile, the upper and lower bound analyses produce identical lateral capacities. A simplified failure surface for loads at the single pile head is proposed and verified through analysis of 16 case study piles. With this proposed failure surface for a single pile, the lower bound failure load of the pile foundation system is obtained using the elastic compensation method enhanced with the linear matching method. Comparing with the existing upper bound and finite element solutions, the proposed lower bound method is capable of accurately and efficiently predicting the ultimate capacity of a pile foundation system. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
How can a mobile service provider reduce costs with software‐defined networking?
Authors: Naudts Bram , Kind Mario , Verbrugge Sofie , Colle Didier , Pickavet Mario 
Published: December 2015

SummaryNetwork architecture innovation has been driven by virtualization and centralization of network control based on software‐defined networking (SDN) and by network functions moved to the cloud with network function virtualization (NFV). These two principles are considered as promising enablers to reduce costs and spur innovation. In the first part of the paper, we argue that the evolved packet system (EPS) can be seen as a service function chain and an area in which service providers can capitalize on SDN and NFV capabilities. A multi‐layer modular architecture for carrier networks based on SDN and NFV principles is provided. In the second part of the paper, we focus solely on SDN, and we argue that service providers can benefit from SDN to reach cost savings in their mobile network. Our work focuses on the cost savings that can be reached via the centralization of control and the operational paradigm of developing and operating the network management software in‐house instead of buying a vendor solution only. We quantify the potential cost savings that can be reached in an Internet protocol/multi‐protocol label switching‐based transport service with SDN capabilities that interconnects the key functional elements in a mobile network. In the analysis, we evaluate the impact on capital expenditures and provide details on the impact on operational expenditures. The evaluation can serve as a blueprint for techno‐economic analysis of the mobile network operator's processes in the transport network of a mobile network. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mimicry, Persuasion, or Learning? The Case of Two Transparency and Anti‐Corruption Policies in Romania
Authors: Schnell Sabina 
Published: December 2015

SummaryPublic sector reforms in developing countries based on global “best practices” have come under increasing criticism in the development community. The charge is that in trying to increase international legitimacy, governments copy institutional forms that are not suited to the local context. Yet, such mimicry is not the only driver of international policy diffusion. Domestic policy entrepreneurs learn from experiences of other countries and invoke global norms and values in advancing their preferred policy options. Pressures for mimicry can help such policy entrepreneurs counter resistance from domestic elites, especially in the case of value‐based policies, such as transparency and anti‐corruption policies. The cases of the Freedom of Information Act and the Asset Disclosure Laws in Romania are used to illustrate how external pressure for legitimacy can empower domestic policy entrepreneurs and facilitate a process akin to “problem‐driven iterative adaptation” advocated by critics of isomorphic mimicry in public sector reform. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.