bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cortico‐cortical and motor evoked potentials to single and paired‐pulse stimuli: An exploratory transcranial magnetic and intracranial electric brain stimulation study
Authors: Boulogne Sébastien , Andre‐Obadia Nathalie , Kimiskidis Vasilios K , Ryvlin Philippe , Rheims Sylvain 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundPaired‐pulse (PP) paradigms are commonly employed to assess in vivo cortical excitability using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to stimulate the primary motor cortex and modulate the induced motor evoked potential (MEP). Single‐pulse cortical direct electrical stimulation (DES) during intracerebral EEG monitoring allows the investigation of brain connectivity by eliciting cortico‐cortical evoked potentials (CCEPs). However, PP paradigm using intracerebral DES has rarely been reported and has never been previously compared with TMS.ObjectiveThe work was intended (i) to verify that the well‐established modulations of MEPs following PP TMS remain similar using DES in the motor cortex, and (ii) to evaluate if a similar pattern could be observed in distant cortico‐cortical connections through modulations of CCEP.MethodsThree patients undergoing intracerebral EEG monitoring with electrodes implanted in the central region were studied. Single‐pulse DES (1–3 mA, 1 ms, 0.2 Hz) and PP DES using six interstimulus intervals (5, 15, 30, 50, 100, and 200 ms) in the motor cortex with concomitant recording of CCEPs and MEPs in contralateral muscles were performed. Finally, a navigated PP TMS session targeted the intracranial stimulation site to record TMS‐induced MEPs in two patients.ResultsMEP modulations elicited by PP intracerebral DES proved similar among the three patients and to those obtained by PP TMS. CCEP modulations elicited by PP intracerebral DES usually showed a pattern comparable to that of MEP, although a different pattern could be observed occasionally.ConclusionPP intracerebral DES seems to involve excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms similar to PP TMS and allows the recording of intracortical inhibition and facilitation modulation on cortico‐cortical connections.Hum Brain Mapp 37:3767–3778, 2016. ©2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Long‐Term Effects of Famine on Chronic Diseases: Evidence from China's Great Leap Forward Famine
Authors: Hu Xue Feng , Liu Gordon G. , Fan Maoyong 
Published: June 2016

SummaryWe evaluate the long‐term effects of famine on chronic diseases using China's Great Leap Forward Famine as a natural experiment. Using a unique health survey, we explore the heterogeneity of famine intensity across regions and find strong evidence supporting both the adverse effect and the selection effect. The two offsetting effects co‐exist and their magnitudes vary in different age cohorts at the onset of famine. The selection effect is dominant among the prenatal/infant famine‐exposed cohort, while the adverse effect appears dominant among the childhood/puberty famine‐exposed cohort. The net famine effects are more salient in rural residents and non‐migrants subsamples. Gender differences are also found, and are sensitive to smoking and drinking behaviors. Our conclusion is robust to various specifications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Finding the Latent Semantics of Haptic Interaction Research: A Systematic Literature Review of Haptic Interaction Using Content Analysis and Network Analysis
Authors: Song Joobong , Lim Ji Hyoun , Yun Myung Hwan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAs interest in multimodal and tangible interfaces is increasing in the field of human–robot interaction and virtual reality, haptics has been researched across areas such as engineering, computer science, psychology, and neuroscience. The main objective of the study was to construct a comprehensive review of the current haptic‐related literature based on quantitative data derived from content analysis and network analysis. Using the results of content analysis and network analysis of 6,000 research articles on haptic interaction, the haptic‐related literature was classified into two categories: 1) studies on technologies providing haptic stimuli and 2) studies on the human perception of haptic stimuli. Emotions in haptic feedback and haptic perception characteristics of various body sites were identified as potential research topics for further investigation. Greater research effort on understanding human haptic sensation and perception using the proposed systematic approach could accelerate the development of haptic interaction technology.
The Impact of Image Dimensions toward Online Consumers’ Perceptions of Product Aesthetics
Authors: Park Jungkun , Gunn Frances 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTMarketers and industrial designers devote considerable attention to the visual attributes of products, based on the premise that the visual appearance of products influences consumers’ judgments of the products’ attributes. This research investigated consumers’ perceptions about particular types of innovative products (revolutionary technology‐driven products), with 275 consumers sample purchased from an independent marketing company. To achieve the main goal, interrelations among image of product and aesthetics of product have been examined using structural equation modeling with two psychological moderators: consumer innovativeness and needs for uniqueness. The results of this study provide evidence that individual differences in uniqueness motivation moderated how online consumers’ perceptions of a product's image characteristics influenced perceptions of value showing consumers’ need for uniqueness was more influential toward perceptions of the product's value than perceptions of functional value. Consequently, these findings expand understanding of the consumer characteristics that respond to perceptions of products’ epistemic value.
Acceptance of the virtual item auctioning system in online games: The role of intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, and trust
Authors: Altin Gumussoy Cigdem 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe virtual item auctioning system (VIAS) has economic potential as millions of online players trade their virtual items in an auction‐based environment. However, little empirical research has been conducted about understanding the factors affecting the decision to use the VIAS in online games. To address this gap, the current study uses the technology acceptance model (TAM) to explore the effects of extrinsic motivation‐perceived usefulness, intrinsic motivation‐flow, and trust on the decision to use the VIAS in online games. Three hundred and twenty‐eight surveys were gathered from the users of VIAS in online games. The research model was tested with the structural equation modeling technique, using AMOS 20. The results showed that intrinsic motivation is more important than extrinsic motivation in explaining the use of the VIAS. Furthermore, trust is a strong predictor of both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. We conclude the study with the discussion of the findings, managerial implications, and suggestions for future research. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Visualizing liver anatomy, physiology and pharmacology using multiphoton microscopy
Authors: Wang Haolu , Liang Xiaowen , Gravot Germain , Thorling Camilla A. , Crawford Darrell H. G. , Xu Zhi Ping , Liu Xin , Roberts Michael S. 
Published: June 2016

Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has become increasingly popular and widely used in both basic and clinical liver studies over the past few years. This technology provides insights into deep live tissues with less photobleaching and phototoxicity, which helps us to better understand the cellular morphology, microenvironment, immune responses and spatiotemporal dynamics of drugs and therapeutic cells in the healthy and diseased liver. This review summarizes the principles, opportunities, applications and limitations of MPM in hepatology. A key emphasis is on the use of fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) to add additional quantification and specificity to the detection of endogenous fluorescent species in the liver as well as exogenous molecules and nanoparticles that are applied to the liver in vivo. We anticipate that in the near future MPM‐FLIM will advance our understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of liver diseases, and will be evaluated from bench to bedside, leading to real‐time histology of human liver diseases.
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Block‐Transitive and Point‐Primitive 2‐ Designs with Sporadic Socle
Authors: Zhang Xiaohong , Zhou Shenglin 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to classify all pairs , where is a nontrivial 2‐ design, and acts transitively on the set of blocks of and primitively on the set of points of with sporadic socle. We prove that there exists only one such pair : is the unique 2‐(176,8,2) design and , the Higman–Sims simple group.
In Search of the Pitiful Victim: A Frame Analysis of Dutch, Flemish and British Newspapers and NGO‐Advertisements
Authors: Vossen Mirjam , van Gorp Baldwin , Schulpen Lau 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis article contributes to the ongoing debate on the representation of global poverty in Western media. Both NGOs and journalists are being criticized for their one‐sided emphasis on the misery and dependency of people in developing countries. The objective of this paper is to measure the extent of such problematizing representation in newspaper articles and NGO‐advertisements. A frame analysis was conducted of 876 articles and 284 advertisements from the Netherlands, Flanders and the United Kingdom. The results challenge some conventional assumptions. Overall, the ‘victim frame’ and ‘pitiful images’ do not dominate the discourse of NGOs and newspapers. However, British NGOs are an exception: they portray the poor as ‘pitiful victims’ twice as often as their counterparts in the Netherlands and Flanders. Furthermore, the findings confirm the conviction that the media predominantly highlight poor countries' dependence on the West. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Morphological development of the structures related to annualism in the ovarian follicle of the killifish Millerichthys robustus (Costa,1995) (Teleostei: Cyprinodontiformes)
Authors: Domínguez‐Castanedo Omar , Uribe Mari Carmen , Rosales‐Torres Ana María 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTOvaries of five females of the annual fish teleost species Millerichthys robustus were processed, and the development of the cortical alveoli, zona pellucida and secondary envelope during oogenesis were described. We also documented the origin of the cortical alveoli in time and space similar to the Balbiani body; the synthesis of three generations of cortical alveoli and an active zona pellucida prior to vitellogenesis, which is implicated in the entry of oils to the interior of the oocyte. We found that in this species, the diameter of the alveoli is greater than in the other teleost fish species reported in the literature, except for Fundulus heteroclitus, in which the diameter is similar. The thickness of the zona pellucida recorded in M. robustus is the greatest reported to date. Likewise, two periods of secondary envelope deposition were documented: filaments during pre‐vitellogenesis and, subsequently, trapeze‐shaped projections during the maturation of the oocytes. We report about development of structures that are considered key for the survival of embryos in annual fish during the long periods of diapause in their extreme habitats. The development of peripheral structures described here probably reflects the changes in the physiology of the oocytes in M. robustus. J. Morphol. 277:1219–1230, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Using mouse models to investigate the pathophysiology, treatment, and prevention of post‐traumatic osteoarthritis
Authors: Blaker Carina L. , Clarke Elizabeth C. , Little Christopher B. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTPost‐traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) is defined by its development after joint injury. Factors contributing to the risk of PTOA occurring, the rate of progression, and degree of associated disability in any individual, remain incompletely understood. What constitutes an “OA‐inducing injury” is not defined. In line with advances in the traumatic brain injury field, we propose the scope of PTOA‐inducing injuries be expanded to include not only those causing immediate structural damage and instability (Type I), but also those without initial instability/damage from moderate (Type II) or minor (Type III) loading severity. A review of the literature revealed this full spectrum of potential PTOA subtypes can be modeled in mice, with 27 Type I, 6 Type II, and 4 Type III models identified. Despite limitations due to cartilage anatomy, joint size, and bio‐fluid availability, mice offer advantages as preclinical models to study PTOA, particularly genetically modified strains. Histopathology was the most common disease outcome, cartilage more frequently studied than bone or synovium, and meniscus and ligaments rarely evaluated. Other methods used to examine PTOA included gene expression, protein analysis, and imaging. Despite the major issues reported by patients being pain and biomechanical dysfunction, these were the least commonly measured outcomes in mouse models. Informative correlations of simultaneously measured disease outcomes in individual animals, was rarely done in any mouse PTOA model. This review has identified knowledge gaps that need to be addressed to increase understanding and improve prevention and management of PTOA. Preclinical mouse models play a critical role in these endeavors. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:424–439, 2017.
What have we learnt from palaeoclimate simulations?
Authors: Harrison Sandy P. , Bartlein Patrick J. , Prentice I. Colin 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThere has been a gradual evolution in the way that palaeoclimate modelling and palaeoenvironmental data are used together to understand how the Earth System works, from an initial and largely descriptive phase through explicit hypothesis testing to diagnosis of underlying mechanisms. Analyses of past climate states are now regarded as integral to the evaluation of climate models, and have become part of the toolkit used to assess the likely realism of future projections. Palaeoclimate assessment has demonstrated that changes in large‐scale features of climate that are governed by the energy and water balance show consistent responses to changes in forcing in different climate states, and these consistent responses are reproduced by climate models. However, state‐of‐the‐art models are still largely unable to reproduce observed changes in climate at a regional scale reliably. While palaeoclimate analyses of state‐of‐the‐art climate models suggest an urgent need for model improvement, much work is also needed on extending and improving palaeoclimate reconstructions and quantifying and reducing both numerical and interpretative uncertainties.
Low‐latitude Holocene hydroclimate derived from lake sediment flux and geochemistry
Authors: Parker Adrian G. , Preston Gareth W. , Parton Ash , Walkington Helen , Jardine Phillip E. , Leng Melanie J. , Hodson Martin J. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTThis study investigates hydrological responses to climatic shifts using sediment flux data derived from two dated palaeolake records in south‐east Arabia. Flux values are generally low during the early Holocene humid period (EHHP) (∼9.0–6.4k cal a BP) although several short‐lived pulses of increased detrital input are recorded, the most prominent of which is dated between ∼8.3 and 7.9k cal a BP. The EHHP is separated from the mid‐Holocene humid period (MHHP) (∼5.0–4.3k cal a BP) by a phase of increased sediment flux and aridity, which began between ∼6.4 and 5.9k cal a BP and peaked between ∼5.2 and 5.0k cal a BP. The termination of the MHHP is marked by a phase of high detrital sediment flux between ∼4.3 and 3.9k cal a BP. While long‐term shifts in climate are most likely linked to changes in the summer position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and associated Indian and African monsoon systems, it is noted that the abrupt, short‐term phases of aridity observed in both records are coeval with intervals of rapid climate change globally, which triggered non‐linear, widespread landscape reconfigurations throughout south‐east Arabia.
Physicochemical, agronomical and microbiological evaluation of alternative growing media for the production of rapini (Brassica rapa L.) microgreens
Authors: Di Gioia Francesco , De Bellis Palmira , Mininni Carlo , Santamaria Pietro , Serio Francesco 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDPeat‐based mixes and synthetic mats are the main substrates used for microgreens production. However, both are expensive and non‐renewable. Recycled fibrous materials may represent low‐cost and renewable alternative substrates. Recycled textile‐fiber (TF; polyester, cotton and polyurethane traces) and jute‐kenaf‐fiber (JKF; 85% jute, 15% kenaf‐fibers) mats were characterized and compared with peat and Sure to Grow® (Sure to Grow, Beachwood, OH, USA;
http://suretogrow.com) (STG; 100% polyethylene‐terephthalate) for the production of rapini (Brassica rapa L.; Broccoletto group) microgreens.RESULTSAll substrates had suitable physicochemical properties for the production of microgreens. On average, microgreens fresh yield was 1502 g m−2 in peat, TF and JKF, and was 13.1% lower with STG. Peat‐grown microgreen shoots had a higher concentration of K+ and SO42−and a two‐fold higher NO3− concentration [1959 versus 940 mg kg−1 fresh weight (FW)] than those grown on STG, TF and JKF. At harvest, substrates did not influence microgreens aerobic bacterial populations (log 6.48 CFU g−1 FW). Peat‐ and JKF‐grown microgreens had higher yeast‐mould counts than TF‐ and STG microgreens (log 2.64 versus 1.80 CFU g−1 FW). Peat‐grown microgreens had the highest population of Enterobacteriaceae (log 5.46 ± 0.82 CFU g−1) and Escherichia coli (log 1.46 ± 0.15 CFU g−1). Escherichia coli was not detected in microgreens grown on other media.CONCLUSIONTF and JKF may be valid alternatives to peat and STG because both ensured a competitive yield, low nitrate content and a similar or higher microbiological quality. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Combined effects of Wx and SSIIa haplotypes on rice starch physicochemical properties
Authors: Xiang Xunchao , Kang Cuifang , Xu Shunju , Yang Bowen 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBACKGROUNDWx and SSIIa are central genes for determining starch physicochemical properties and rice endosperm starch is composed of linear amylose, which is entirely synthesized by granule bound starch synthase I (GBSSI, encoded by Wx) and branched amylopectin. In the present study, different haplotypes of rice were examined to investigate the combined effects of pivotal genes in the metabolic chain of starch, Wx and SSIIa.RESULTSWx haplotypes differed in terms of apparent amylose content (AAC) and gel consistency (GC). The I‐3 [haplotype I (Int1T/Ex10C) of Wx and haplotype 3 (A‐G‐TT) of SSIIa] and the I‐4 combinations of rice had better eating and cooking qualities (ECQs) with lower AAC, lower gelatinization temperature (GT) and softer GC.CONCLUSIONThe characteristic parameters of Rapid Visco‐analyser (RVA) could distinguish differences in AAC and GC but not GT. The I‐3 and I‐4 haplotype combinations of Wx and SSIIa represent key targets for the production of rice with better ECQs. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Determination of domoic acid in shellfish extracted by molecularly imprinted polymers
Authors: Lin Zhengzhong , Wang Dan , Peng Aihong , Huang Zhiyong , Lin Yuhui 
Published: June 2016

A selective sample cleanup method using molecularly imprinted polymers was developed for the separation of domoic acid (a shellfish toxin) from shellfish samples. The molecularly imprinted polymers for domoic acid was prepared by emulsion polymerization using 1,3,5‐pentanetricarboxylic acid as the template molecule, 4‐vinyl pyridine as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as the crosslinker, and Span80/Tween‐80 (1:1 v/v) as the composite emulsifiers. The molecularly imprinted polymer showed high affinity to domoic acid with a dissociation constant of 13.5 μg/mL and apparent maximum adsorption capacity of 1249 μg/g. They were used as a selective sorbent for the detection of domoic acid from seafood samples coupled with high‐performance liquid chromatography. The detection limit of 0.17 μg/g was lower than the maximum level permitted by several authorities. The mean recoveries of domoic acid from clam samples were 93.0–98.7%. It was demonstrated that the proposed method could be applied to the determination of domoic acid from shellfish samples.
Nasal versus tracheobronchial biopsies to diagnose primary ciliary dyskinesia: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Adil Eelam A. , Kawai Kosuke , Dombrowski Natasha , Irace Alexandria L. , Cunningham Michael J. 
Published: June 2016

Objectives/HypothesisTo systematically review the literature regarding the efficacy of different biopsy sites and methods to obtain an adequate ciliary sample for ultrastructural examination with electron microscopy (EM) for the diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD).Study DesignSystematic review and meta‐analysis.MethodsA literature search was conducted with respect to the diagnosis of PCD. English studies with five or more subjects were included. Successful biopsy was defined as an adequate ciliary sample to make or exclude the diagnosis of PCD.ResultsEight studies met inclusion criteria. These studies included 1,993 patients who underwent 2,299 ciliary biopsies. Included studies were level 3 or 4 evidence. The weighted pooled proportion of obtaining an adequate specimen from a nasal biopsy was 76% (95% confidence interval [CI], 64%–86%) versus 66% (95% CI, 62%–69%) for a tracheobronchial site (P = 0.10). The pooled proportion of obtaining an adequate sample was 68% for both brush and forceps biopsy groups (95% CI, 58%–77% and 54%–81%, respectively). Nasal scraping yielded a higher proportion of adequate specimens (pooled proportion of 92%; 95% CI, 82%–99%) than other techniques (P = 0.002).ConclusionTissue biopsy is one component of diagnosing PCD. We found no significant difference between biopsy sites in terms of obtaining an adequate ciliary sample for EM evaluation. This suggests that nasal biopsy should be preferred for patients old enough to tolerate an office biopsy without the need for general anesthesia. The merits of nasal versus tracheobronchial biopsy in the operating room depend more on the risks and benefits of the procedure being performed.Level of EvidenceNA Laryngoscope, 127:6–13, 2017