bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elongated VCE blast waves and structural response
Authors: Geng Jihui , Mander Thomas , Thomas J. Kelly , Baker Quentin 
Published: November 2017

Elongated congested volumes are common at chemical processing and petroleum refining facilities due to the arrangement of processing units, but there have been relatively few evaluations reported for the blast loads produced by elongated vapor cloud explosions (VCEs). The accidental VCE that occurred at the Buncefield, UK facility in 2005 involved an elongated congested volume formed by the trees and undergrowth along a portion of the site boundary. Some of near‐field damage indicators present at the Buncefield site could not be reasonably explained using existing standard VCE blast load prediction techniques that are based on an assumption that the congested volume filled with flammable gas cloud is hemispherical and located at grade level.This paper summarizes recent work to define the characteristics associated with elongated congested volume VCEs and identify differences relative to standard VCEs involving compact congested volume geometries. The main conclusions from this work with regard to the blast wave shape for an elongated congested volume deflagration are: (1) the blast wave behaves as an acoustic wave along the long axis, (2) the blast wave has a very quick transition from the positive phase peak pressure to the negative phase peak pressure (i.e., quick relative to the positive phase duration), and (3) the magnitude of the pressure drop between the peak positive and negative pressures diminishes quickly with distance outside the congested volume. These observations are not consistent with the behavior of a compact congested volume geometry VCE blast wave.Deflagration and deflagration‐to‐detonation transition (DDT) regimes were also identified for unconfined elongated congested volume VCEs as a function of the normalized flame travel distance and flame speed. These regimes were verified with existing test data, including data from the on‐going RPSEA test program. These observations and the DDT regime identification provide a frame of reference to develop a better understanding of elongated congested volume VCEs.Generic structures, with properties typical of conventional construction, were analyzed to illustrate the effect of the elongated congested volume VCE blast loads on structural response. The results show that, for an elongated congested volume VCE, a high flame speed deflagration may result in more severe structural response in the near‐field than for a detonation (i.e., due to a DDT). These results provide an alternative near‐field damage indicator analysis approach for the investigation of elongated congested volume VCE incidents. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 37: 283–293, 2018
Advantages of diapause in Trichogramma dendrolimi mass production on eggs of the Chinese silkworm, Antheraea pernyi
Authors: Zhang Jun‐Jie , Zhang Xue , Zang Lian‐Sheng , Du Wen‐Mei , Hou Yang‐Yang , Ruan Chang‐Chun , Desneux Nicolas 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDTrichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura is widely used as a biological control agent for control of lepidopteran agricultural pests in China and can be successfully reared using the large eggs of the Chinese silkworm, Antheraea pernyi. In this study, biological parameters of diapaused, non‐diapaused, and cold‐stored T. dendrolimi were investigated for two generations on host eggs of A. pernyi under laboratory conditions.RESULTSThe cold‐stored T. dendrolimi performed more poorly than diapaused and non‐diapaused T. dendrolimi based on biological parameters. In the F1 generation, the non‐diapaused T. dendrolimi had a higher emergence rate, longer longevity, and a lower proportion of deformed individuals than diapaused T. dendrolimi. In the F2 generation, the diapaused T. dendrolimi had a lower proportion of unemerged parasitoids than non‐diapaused T. dendrolimi. However, the diapaused T. dendrolimi had a higher number of parasitized hosts than non‐diapaused T. dendrolimi in both generations. In the F1 generation, the index of population trend (I) was found to be similar for diapaused (140.792) and non‐diapaused (141.542) T. dendrolimi and was approximately 3.4 times that of cold‐stored T. dendrolimi (41.698). In the F2 generation, the diapaused T. dendrolimi showed the largest I (146.791), followed by non‐diapaused (136.859) and cold‐stored T. dendrolimi (59.607).CONCLUSIONIn a 3‐year augmentative field release from 2014 to 2016, diapaused T. dendrolimi showed effective parasitism on eggs of the Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis. These results indicated that diapaused T. dendrolimi can be an efficient alternative method for mass rearing of T. dendrolimi for long‐term cold storage. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Priming of cowpea volatile emissions with defense inducers enhances the plant's attractiveness to parasitoids when attacked by caterpillars
Authors: Sobhy Islam S , Bruce Toby JA , Turlings Ted CJ 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe manipulation of herbivore‐induced volatile organic compounds (HI‐VOCs) via the application of the inducers benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole‐7‐carbothioic acid S‐methyl ester (BTH) and laminarin (β‐1,3‐glucan) is known to enhance the attractiveness of caterpillar‐damaged cotton and maize plants to parasitoids. To test if this is also the case for legumes, we treated cowpea (Vigna unguiculata var. unguiculata) with these inducers and studied the effects on HI‐VOC emissions and the attraction of three generalist endoparasitoids.RESULTSAfter the inducers had been applied and the plants subjected to either real or mimicked herbivory by Spodoptera littoralis caterpillars, females of the parasitoids Campoletis sonorensis and Microplitis rufiventris showed a strong preference for BTH‐treated plants, whereas Cotesia females were strongly attracted to both BTH‐ and laminarin‐treated plants with real or mimicked herbivory. Treated plants emitted more of certain HI‐VOCs, but considerably less indole and linalool and less of several sesquiterpenes. Multivariate data analysis revealed that enhanced wasp attraction after treatment was correlated with high relative concentrations of nonanal, α‐pinene, (E)‐β‐ocimene and (E)‐4,8‐dimethyl‐1,3,7‐nonatriene (DMNT), and with low relative concentrations of indole, (S)‐linalool and (E)‐β‐farnesene. Inducer treatments had no significant effect on leaf consumption by the caterpillars.CONCLUSIONOur findings confirm that treating cowpea plants with inducers can enhance their attractiveness to biological control agents. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
MNC foreign investment and industrial disasters: The moderating role of technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities
Authors: Pek Simon , Oh Chang Hoon , Rivera Jorge 
Published: November 2017

Research Summary: We investigate how industrial disasters can discourage FDI and how MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities can moderate these effects. Using two unique panel data sets of entry and expansion of U.S. wholly‐owned manufacturing subsidiaries overseas, we found that industrial disasters are associated with reduced foreign entry of wholly‐owned subsidiaries in the disaster industry, but not for all firms in the host country experiencing the disaster. We also found that MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities can, in some cases, positively moderate the negative relationships between industrial disasters and the foreign entry and expansion of wholly‐owned subsidiaries. Additionally, three‐way interactions with government stability suggest that technological and safety management capabilities substitute government stability in managing industrial disasters, while philanthropic capability complements government stability.Managerial Summary: How can MNCs' technological, safety management, and philanthropic capabilities overcome the effects of industrial disasters such as chemical spills and explosions in host countries? Our results show that industrial disasters are associated with reduced foreign entry of wholly‐owned subsidiaries in the industry in which the industrial disaster occurs, but not for other firms operating in the country experiencing the disaster. However, an MNC's technological capability can, in general, lower the negative consequences of industrial disasters in both the entry and expansion of its wholly‐owned subsidiaries. Regarding the institutional quality of a host country, the results imply that MNCs should develop philanthropic capability when the government stability of the host country is strong, and develop technological and safety management capabilities when the government stability is weak.
Memantine‐Loaded PEGylated Biodegradable Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Glaucoma
Authors: Sánchez‐López Elena , Egea Maria Antonia , Davis Benjamin Michael , Guo Li , Espina Marta , Silva Amelia Maria , Calpena Ana Cristina , Souto Eliana Maria Barbosa , Ravindran Nivedita , Ettcheto Miren , Camins Antonio , García Maria Luisa , Cordeiro Maria Francesca 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGlaucoma is a multifactorial neurodegenerative disease associated with retinal ganglion cells (RGC) loss. Increasing reports of similarities in glaucoma and other neurodegenerative conditions have led to speculation that therapies for brain neurodegenerative disorders may also have potential as glaucoma therapies. Memantine is an N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate (NMDA) antagonist approved for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Glutamate‐induced excitotoxicity is implicated in glaucoma and NMDA receptor antagonism is advocated as a potential strategy for RGC preservation. This study describes the development of a topical formulation of memantine‐loaded PLGA‐PEG nanoparticles (MEM‐NP) and investigates the efficacy of this formulation using a well‐established glaucoma model. MEM‐NPs <200 nm in diameter and incorporating 4 mg mL−1 of memantine were prepared with 0.35 mg mL−1 localized to the aqueous interior. In vitro assessment indicated sustained release from MEM‐NPs and ex vivo ocular permeation studies demonstrated enhanced delivery. MEM‐NPs were additionally found to be well tolerated in vitro (human retinoblastoma cells) and in vivo (Draize test). Finally, when applied topically in a rodent model of ocular hypertension for three weeks, MEM‐NP eye drops were found to significantly (p < 0.0001) reduce RGC loss. These results suggest that topical MEM‐NP is safe, well tolerated, and, most promisingly, neuroprotective in an experimental glaucoma model.
High‐Performance Aqueous Zinc–Ion Battery Based on Layered H2V3O8 Nanowire Cathode
Authors: He Pan , Quan Yueli , Xu Xu , Yan Mengyu , Yang Wei , An Qinyou , He Liang , Mai Liqiang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractRechargeable aqueous zinc–ion batteries have offered an alternative for large‐scale energy storage owing to their low cost and material abundance. However, developing suitable cathode materials with excellent performance remains great challenges, resulting from the high polarization of zinc ion. In this work, an aqueous zinc–ion battery is designed and constructed based on H2V3O8 nanowire cathode, Zn(CF3SO3)2 aqueous electrolyte, and zinc anode, which exhibits the capacity of 423.8 mA h g−1 at 0.1 A g−1, and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 94.3% over 1000 cycles. The remarkable electrochemical performance is attributed to the layered structure of H2V3O8 with large interlayer spacing, which enables the intercalation/de‐intercalation of zinc ions with a slight change of the structure. The results demonstrate that exploration of the materials with large interlayer spacing is an effective strategy for improving electrochemical stability of electrodes for aqueous Zn ion batteries.
Design, Synthesis, and Surface Modification of Materials Based on Transition‐Metal Dichalcogenides for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Zhu Shuang , Gong Linji , Xie Jiani , Gu Zhanjun , Zhao Yuliang 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWith the rapid development of nanotechnology, the emerging transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have become one of the most promising inorganic nanomaterials for medical applications due to their distinctive structures and properties. TMDCs with different sizes and morphologies exhibit unique structural advantages, as well as versatile properties. However, concerning their practicability for biomedical applications, routes toward their synthesis and chemical/physical functionalization for biosystem applications must be identified. Herein, recent advances in the design, synthesis, and surface modification of TMDC‐based nanomaterials specific for biomedical applications are reviewed. First, the basic consideration regarding how to fabricate biocompatible TMDCs efficiently for biomedical use is discussed. Solution‐based synthesis methods for 2D TMDCs, as well as TMDC‐based nanocomposites are then summarized. In addition, general strategies applied for surface functionalization of TMDCs are also discussed. Finally, current challenges and future perspectives for these promising materials in biosystem applications are outlined.
The DigiLit Framework
Authors: Baxa Julie , Christ Tanya 
Published: November 2017

AbstractSelecting and integrating the use of digital texts/tools in literacy lessons are complex tasks. The DigiLit framework provides a succinct model to guide planning, reflection, coaching, and formative evaluation of teachers’ successful digital text/tool selection and integration for literacy lessons. For digital text/tool selection, teachers need to consider content accuracy, quality for supporting literacy development, intuitiveness, and user interactivity. For integrating these into instruction, modeling and guided practice should be provided for both literacy skills/strategies and the use of digital text/tool affordances. Also, instruction should capitalize on the digital affordances to transform instruction beyond what is possible with paper‐and‐pencil texts and tools. Examples of using the DigiLit framework to evaluate digital text/tool selections and their integration into literacy instruction are provided.
The GAIT translational control system
Authors: Arif Abul , Yao Peng , Terenzi Fulvia , Jia Jie , Ray Partho Sarothi , Fox Paul L. 
Published: November 2017

The interferon (IFN)‐γ‐activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) system directs transcript‐selective translational control of functionally related genes. In myeloid cells, IFN‐γ induces formation of a multiprotein GAIT complex that binds structural GAIT elements in the 3′‐untranslated regions (UTRs) of multiple inflammation‐related mRNAs, including ceruloplasmin and VEGF‐A, and represses their translation. The human GAIT complex is a heterotetramer containing glutamyl‐prolyl tRNA synthetase (EPRS), NS1‐associated protein 1 (NSAP1), ribosomal protein L13a (L13a), and glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). A network of IFN‐γ‐stimulated kinases regulates recruitment and assembly of GAIT complex constituents. Activation of cyclin‐dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5), mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), and S6K1 kinases induces EPRS release from its parental multiaminoacyl tRNA synthetase complex to join NSAP1 in a ‘pre‐GAIT’ complex. Subsequently, the DAPK‐ZIPK kinase axis phosphorylates L13a, inducing release from the 60S ribosomal subunit and binding to GAPDH. The subcomplexes join to form the functional GAIT complex. Each constituent has a distinct role in the GAIT system. EPRS binds the GAIT element in target mRNAs, NSAP1 negatively regulates mRNA binding, L13a binds eIF4G to block ribosome recruitment, and GAPDH shields L13a from proteasomal degradation. The GAIT system is susceptible to genetic and condition‐specific regulation. An N‐terminus EPRS truncate is a dominant‐negative inhibitor ensuring a ‘translational trickle’ of target transcripts. Also, hypoxia and oxidatively modified lipoproteins regulate GAIT activity. Mouse models exhibiting absent or genetically modified GAIT complex constituents are beginning to elucidate the physiological role of the GAIT system, particularly in the resolution of chronic inflammation. Finally, GAIT‐like systems in proto‐chordates suggests an evolutionarily conserved role of the pathway in innate immunity. WIREs RNA 2018, 9:e1441. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1441This article is categorized under:

Translation > Translation Regulation
RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA–Protein Complexes
Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Riboswitches
Light
Authors: Palmer Scott 
Published: November 2017

How has light influenced the staging of theatre throughout history?
What does light contribute to performance?
How does it make meaning?
This collection explores the creative potential of light in the theatre. Through a wide range of extracts from historical accounts, new research and rare documents, some presented for the first time in English, Scott Palmer provides new ways of thinking about lighting as a creative performance practice.
Focusing on elements such as:
- The emergence of lighting design in the theatre
- Equipment and techniques
- The dramaturgy of light
- Its impact on actor, audience and playhouse
- The semiotics and phenomenology of light in performance
The book reveals why light has such a profound effect on the audience's experience of a theatrical event.
Life Course Health Development in Autism Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Drmic Irene E. , Szatmari Peter , Volkmar Fred 
Published: November 2017

AbstractLife course health development (LCHD) incorporates theories and empirical evidence from the biological, physical, and social sciences to formulate a framework that explains how health develops over the life course. The life course health development conceptual framework can be applied to autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to help prioritize a research agenda and improve health development across the lifespan for individuals with ASD, their families, and communities. The following chapter highlights some issues and findings that are pertinent to an understanding of ASD using the lens of the life course health development principles. The chapter begins with a description of the clinical phenotype, followed by epidemiology of the disorder, and reviews changes in classification and diagnosis over time. Pathogenesis of the disorder is discussed, including information pertaining to hereditability, genetic and nongenetic factors, epigenetics, biomarkers, and genotype-phenotype correlations. Long-term follow-up outcome studies of adult independence and quality of life are reviewed, including examination of predictors of outcome, as well as stability of the diagnosis, symptom presentation, and cognitive functioning over time. Areas of key transitions over the life course are discussed from childhood to later adulthood. In addition, the importance of mental health status and care are highlighted. Finally, a number of research, data/methods, and translational priorities are offered that may help lead to a better understanding of life course health development in ASD.
A Life Course Health Development Perspective on Oral Health
Authors: Crall James J. , Forrest Christopher B. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis chapter outlines major concepts and principles embodied in the Life Course Health Development framework, examines evidence relating various aspects of major oral health-related conditions to this framework, and includes recommendations for advancing research and policy concerning oral health. LCHD provides a highly useful approach for understanding oral health determinants, disparities, and influences on general health and well-being and for advancing knowledge, policies, and programs to optimize health across individuals and populations. Substantial gaps exist in our current knowledge concerning how oral health is developed and influenced across the lifespan and the —pathways and trajectories, early programming, critical or sensitive periods, cumulative impact, and risk and protective factors—can help further our understanding of the determinants of oral health and disease and oral health disparities. LCHD also can serve as a valuable guide for developing a more contemporary conceptualization and definition of oral health which represents oral health as a more integral and integrated component of overall health and well-being of the individual.
Chronic Kidney Disease: A Life Course Health Development Perspective
Authors: Brophy Patrick D. , Charlton Jennifer R. , Bryan Carmody J. , Reidy Kimberly J. , Harshman Lyndsay , Segar Jeffrey , Askenazi David , Shoham David , Bagby Susan P. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractChronic kidney disease (CKD) reflects life events that range from maternal-fetal influences to geriatric exposures. The global direct and indirect costs of CKD are high and include maternal-neonatal hospitalization and treatment, acute kidney injury, dialysis and transplant, missed work, and medications, to name a few. The impact of poor diet, adverse childhood experiences, medication use, and failure to follow consistent public health standards are increasingly appreciated as key influences in the development of CKD. Socioeconomic factors can significantly influence the timing and phenotypic expression in people at risk for developing CKD, although more research is needed to understand these mechanisms. In general, biomedicine has been focused on treating well-established CKD morbidity. This strategy has been short sighted and costly. A more cost-effective approach would focus on early life interventions that hold the potential for mitigating CKD risk and its sequelae. This chapter applies the life course health development principles to review determinants and pathways for CKD evolution and identifies of the gaps in our knowledgebase. We also discuss several research strategies for evaluating the life course health development of CKD.
Growth and Life Course Health Development
Authors: Mummert Amanda , Schoen Meriah , Lampl Michelle 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPhysical growth is an emergent process integrating a complex network of social, biological, and environmental interactions. The global diversity of body shapes and sizes reflects developmental plasticity in response to environmental exposures, both advantageous and adverse, and depicts an evolutionarily robust strategy for species’ survival. Epidemiologic surveillance efforts demonstrate that early life skeletal growth and body composition trajectories are associated with and predict adult chronic disease risks. Both human and animal studies have provided an evidentiary base for the physiological mechanisms by which differences in growth processes manifest as cell- and organ-level changes that influence disease susceptibility across the life course. This chapter leverages a systems biology approach to describe macro- and micropathways affecting growth from a global perspective, reflecting on auxology’s place in theoretical frameworks that help us to understanding past, present, and future health trends. Methodological challenges that face the field are considered, and recommendations to guide future research and policy efforts are offered with the aim of advancing the science of growth biology and its contributions to life course health development.