bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Incline the Beam
Authors: Weber Patricia , Diego‐Vallejo David , Schlüter Holger 
Published: May 2016

AbstractModern ultra‐short‐pulse (USP) laser systems are fostering new micro‐machining technologies. Hole drilling with high aspect ratios has become a particularly important application in several industries. But drilling straight walls with high aspect ratios is not feasible if the laser beam impacts specimens at a normal incidence angle. The beam caustic affects hole corners and limits the maximum aspect ratio — that's why new solutions are needed. A novel 5‐axis technology allows beam inclination and enables straight walls, as well as negatively tapered holes.
Determination of the motor unit behavior of lumbar erector spinae muscles through surface EMG decomposition technology in healthy female subjects
Authors: Silva Mariana Felipe , Dias Josilainne Marcelino , Pereira Ligia Maxwell , Mazuquin Bruno Fles , Lindley Steven , Richards Jim , Cardoso Jefferson Rosa 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The aims of this study were to determine the motor unit behavior of the erector spinae muscles and to assess whether differences exist between the dominant/nondominant sides of the back muscles. Methods: Nine healthy women, aged 21.7 years (SD = 0.7), performed a back extension test. Surface electromyographic decomposition data were collected from both sides of the erector spinae and decomposed into individual motor unit action potential trains. The mean firing rate for each motor unit was calculated, and a regression analysis was performed against the corresponding recruitment thresholds. Results: The mean firing rate ranged from 15.9 to 23.9 pps and 15.8 to 20.6 pps on the dominant and nondominant sides, respectively. However, the early motor unit potentials of the nondominant lumbar erector spinae muscles were recruited at a lower firing rate. Conclusions: This technique may further our understanding of individuals with back pain and other underlying neuromuscular diseases. Muscle Nerve 55: 28–34, 2017
Some Aspects on Safety and Environmental Impact of the German Green Gel Propulsion Technology
Authors: Ciezki Helmut K. , Naumann Karl Wieland 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis article gives a short introduction into the technology of gelled propellant rocket motors and gas generators. A brief introduction outlines the specific features of the German green gelled propellant rocket motor technology and the family of monopropellants that cover a variety of requirements with respect to smoke, combustion temperature, and combustion pressure ranges. The discussion of the hazard potential comprises military insensitive munitions (IM) and civil classifications as well as a comparative assessment of the environmental and health impacts from manufacturing over use and finally to disposal. Summarizing the properties over all categories shows that gelled propellants provide a unique combination of good insensitivity and low environmental and health hazard potential compared to other liquid propellants, fuels, and oxidizers or solid rocket propellants.
Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD): a safe procedure for the anticoagulated patient?
Authors: Atallah S. , Maharaja G. K. , Martin-Perez B. , Burke J. P. , Albert M. R. , Larach S. W. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

Background
Approximately one in five persons living in the USA is maintained on oral anticoagulation. It has typically been recommended that anticoagulation be withheld prior to hemorrhoidal procedures. Transanal hemorrhoidal dearterialization (THD) is a minimally invasive treatment for symptomatic hemorrhoids, and outcomes with patients on anticoagulation who have undergone this procedure have not been previously reported. Here, we report our preliminary results of patients who underwent THD while on anticoagulation.

Methods
During a 53-month period (February 2009–July 2015), patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids refractory to medical management who underwent surgical treatment with THD were retrospectively reviewed. The subset of patients who underwent THD while anticoagulated was compared to a cohort of patient who were not taking anticoagulation and who otherwise demonstrated normal coagulation profiles and who did not have a known predisposition to bleeding or inherited coagulopathy. The primary study endpoint was to assess postoperative bleeding in patients who were maintained on anticoagulation before and after surgery.

Results
During the 53-month study period, 106 patients underwent the THD procedure for symptomatic hemorrhoids. Of these, seventy patients underwent THD without anticoagulation therapy, while 36 patients underwent THD while taking one or more oral anticoagulants. The postoperative morbidity between the two cohorts was similar, and specifically there was no statistical difference in the rate of postoperative hemorrhage (19.4 vs. 15.7 %; odds ratio 1.295, 95 % CI 0.455–3.688, p = 0.785). No patient, in either cohort, required re-intervention for any reason during the study period. Patients who underwent THD while on anticoagulation were less likely to have recurrent hemorrhoidal disease during the study’s 6-month median follow-up period (2.8 vs. 7.1 %, p = 0.049).

Conclusions
These preliminary data reveal that THD can be performed on anticoagulated patients without cessation of oral agents without increasing morbidity from postoperative bleeding.
25I-NBOMe: The legal LSD
Authors: Ezquiaga I. , Grifell M. , Galindo L. , Martínez L. , Palma Á. , Quintana P. , Ventura M. , Ribera E. , Pujol L. , Fornís I. , Torrens M. , Farré M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionNovel psychoactive substances (NPS) use is progressively increasing year on year. A new group of phenethylamines sold as legal stimulants and hallucinogens is being reported increasingly since 2012. Within this group, 25I-NBOMe is an outstanding substance with powerful effects and high affinity with the serotonin 2a (5HT2a) receptor. Several toxicity cases have been reported so far.ObjectivesTo describe the presence of 25I-NBOMe and its characteristics in samples delivered to Energy Control from 2009 to 2015 in Spain.MethodsAmong the samples, 21,198 analyzed from august 2009 to august 2015 and only those samples containing 25I-NBOMe were studied (n = 56). Samples were analyzed by Energy Control, a Spanish harm-reduction NGO that offers users the possibility of analyzing the substances they intend to consume. Analysis was done by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry.ResultsFrom 56 samples were 25I-NBOMe was found, 24 were bought as LSD (42.8%), 12 as 25I-NBOMe (21.4%), 4 as 25C-NBOMe (7.1%), 4 as 25I-NBOH (7.1%) and 12 as other substances (21.4%), gummy bears included. All samples were received from 2012 on, having the highest peak on 2013 (19 samples).Conclusions25I-NBOMe consumption represents an emerging issue with potential harmful effects, especially when the substance used is not the expected. Further pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, clinical and epidemiological researches should be conducted to deepen knowledge about 25I-NBOMe and the management of its possible toxic effects. Physicians should be aware of NPS, their increasing use and the clinical differences between them.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Trends of hospitalization for bipolar I in USA: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Mansuri Z. , Mansuri U. , Rathod M. , Shambhu S. , Karnik K. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesBipolar I (B-I) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. While B-I has been extensively studied in the past, the contemporary data for impact of B-I on cost of hospitalization are largely lacking.MethodsWe queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) dataset between 1998–2011 using the ICD-9 codes. Severity of comorbid conditions was defined by Deyo modification of Charlson comorbidity index. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcome was total charges for hospitalization. Using SAS 9.2, Chi2 test, t-test and Cochran-Armitage test were used to test significance.ResultsA total of 1,80,681 were analyzed; 56.29% were female and 43.71% were male (P < 0.0001); 70.63% were white, 17.14% black and 12.23% of other race (P < 0.0001). Rate of hospitalization increased from 7469.65/million to 9375.27/million from 1998–2011. Overall mortality was 0.12% and mean cost of hospitalization was 19,821.50$. The in-hospital mortality increased from 0.13% to 0.16% (P < 0.0001) and mean cost of hospitalization increased from 12,091.31$ to 29,292.97$. Total yearly spending on B-I related admissions increased from $0.72 million/year to $2.16 billion/year.ConclusionsWhile mortality has slightly increased from 1998 to 2011, the cost has significantly increased from $0.72 million/year to $2.16 billion/year, which leads to an estimated $1.46 billion/year additional burden to US health care system. In the era of cost conscious care, preventing B-I related Hospitalization could save billions of dollars every year. Focused efforts are needed to establish preventive measures for B-I related hospitalization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Trends of hospitalization for major bipolar I (most recent episode-manic) in USA: A nationwide analysis
Authors: Sutaria A. , Mansuri Z. , Rathod M. , Shambhu S. , Mansuri U. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesBipolar I most recent episode-manic (BP-I-M) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients. While BP-I-M has been extensively studied in the past, the contemporary data for impact of BP-I-M on cost of hospitalization are largely lacking.MethodsWe queried the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) dataset between 1998–2011 using the ICD-9 codes. Severity of comorbid conditions was defined by Deyo modification of Charlson comorbidity index. Primary outcome was in-hospital mortality and secondary outcome was total charges for hospitalization. Using SAS 9.2, Chi2 test, t-test and Cochran-Armitage test were used to test significance.ResultsA total of 10,875 patients were analyzed; 57.13% were female and 42.87% were male (P < 0.0001); 74.78% were white, 14.51% black and 10.71% of other race (P < 0.0001). Rate of hospitalization increased from 528.71/million to 588.76/million from 1998–2011. Overall mortality was 0.42% and mean cost of hospitalization was 22,215.77$. The in-hospital mortality increased from 0.37% to 0.82% (P < 0.0001) and mean cost of hospitalization increased from 10,580.54$ to 40,737.65$. Total spending on BP-I-M related admissions have increased from $44.24 million/year to $187.00 million/year.ConclusionsWhile mortality has slightly decreased from 1998 to 2011, the cost has significantly increased from $44.24 million/year to $187.00 million/year, which leads to an estimated $ 142.76 million/year additional burden to US health care system from. In the era of cost conscious care, preventing BP-I-M related hospitalization could save billions of dollars every year. Focused efforts are needed to establish preventive measures for BP-I-M related hospitalization.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A novel protocol to assess dual task cost as a potential measure of cognitive reserve
Authors: Oliveira-Maia A. , Coelho I. , Barahona-Corrêa J.B. , Paixão V. , Camacho M. , Costa R.M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionMethods for measuring cognitive reserve (CR) are limited and controversial. Dual task cost (DTC) paradigms, assessing links between gait and cognition, are increasingly regarded as robust measures of CR.ObjectivesHere, we aimed to validate a simplified methodology for a DTC paradigm in healthy volunteers for application in clinical settings as a measurement of CR.MethodsWe tested if subtracting by 7's (cognitive task) while walking (motor task) induced a DTC in a sample of 39 healthy young adults. For the cognitive task, we recorded the number of correct and incorrect subtractions, as well as the latency between subtractions. Gait parameters were recorded on a tri-axial accelerometer fixed to the left ankle. Both tasks were performed separately (single task) and simultaneously (double task) to assess the DTC. A battery for neuropsychological assessment and questionnaires to assess quality of life and affective symptoms were also applied, to measure possible correlations with the DTC.ResultsSubtracting 7's while walking caused significant changes in gait parameters and in cognitive task performance. A significant decrease in the autocorrelation of the accelerometer signal during the dual task was also found (DTC = 37.92 ± 7.56%; P < 0.0001). This measure has not been previously used and may be a more sensitive measure of the dual task induced disturbance of the gait periodic signal pattern. Correlations between DTC and quality of life, affective or cognitive measures were not significant.ConclusionOur study provides an effective, portable and non-intrusive DTC experimental protocol that can be easily applied in clinical settings.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Role of metabolic, atherogenetic and psychological factors in patients with colorectal adenomas: Preliminary results of the psycho-Neuro-Endocrino-Immunology Modena (PNEI-MO) Research Group
Authors: Ferrari S. , Mancini S. , Alboni S. , Artoni C. , Fabbrizzi A. , Feltri L. , Galli G. , Guicciardi A. , Marchi M. , Mariani F. , Mattei G. , Pollutri G. , Saraceni S. , Sena P. , Spiga G. , Tassi S. , Visentini C. , Roncucci L. , Merighi A. , Marsico M. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionPro-inflammatory states of the large bowel have a multifactorial aetiology, including metabolism, atherogenesis, and psychological determinants. Inflammation plays a role in depressive and anxiety disorders, is tightly associated with early pro-atherogenetic alterations and metabolic dysregulation, and is also a key factor for the development of colorectal cancer.AimTo investigate the association between pro-atherogenetic factors, metabolic status, psychological assessment and presence of colorectal adenomas.MethodsCase-control study, approved by the local Ethic Committee. Patients aged 40 or more and undergoing colonoscopy for positive faecal blood test and/or abdominal symptoms, with a negative history for neoplasia or inflammatory bowel diseases, were enrolled. For each patient the following data were collected: waist and hip circumferences, BMI, arterial pressure, fasten serum glycemia, current medications. Beside colonoscopy, carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was assessed by means of echographic evaluation. Psychometric assessment included HADS, TCI, IMSA, SF-36. Statistics performed with SigmaPlot v.12 Platform.ResultsPreliminary results are available for 18 patients (male/female 8/10) Mean age 62.6 ± 8.4. Ten patients had at least one adenoma, 8 patients had no lesions. The following differences were noticeable: HADS-depression (mean ± SD) adenoma vs. no-adenoma: 4.9 ± 3.2 vs. 1.7 ± 1.8 (P < .01); IMT median value adenoma vs. no-adenoma: 793 vs. 638 micrometers (P = .04); Body weight (mean ± SD) adenoma vs. no-adenoma: 66.4 ± 8.7 kg vs. 80.9 ± 15.3 kg (P = .03); waist circumference (mean ± SD) adenoma vs. no-adenoma: 105.2 ± 13.4 cm vs. 89.5 ± 4.7 cm (P < .01).ConclusionsPreliminary data from PNEI-MO Research Group support the relation between systemic inflammation, psychological status and development of precancerous colorectal cancer lesions. Depression seems associated with the presence of colorectal adenomas.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Pilot Project: Sound pillow treatment to improve sleep quality for patients with depression or bipolar diagnosis with sleeping problems
Authors: Lund H.N. , Pedersen I.N. 
Published: May 2016

A well-known symptom for patients with depression and bipolar diagnosis is poor quality of sleep. This has a major impact on the quality of life for the individual. Most recently, an article in the Cochrane Review, Music for insomnia in adults, concludes that music may be effective for improving sleep quality in adults with insomnia symptoms [1].A Research Project at Aalborg University Hospital, Psychiatry, in Denmark has been initiated involving psychiatrists and nurses from an outpatient unit and researchers and music therapists from the Music Therapy Research Clinic at the hospital in an innovative collaboration. A pilot project is started, where patients with depression are given a sound pillow with special designed playlists, offering selected calm music for the patients to use at home for a period of 30 days. The listening periods are registered by the patients. Questionnaires are filled out before and after the listening period. A short semi-structured interview is taking place four times throughout the listening period and as a follow-up, when patients come in for control.The aim is to investigate, whether music listening is helpful to improve sleep quality and quality of life, and to investigate if music listening can limit or replace medication. Discussion of first results.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A quality improvement intervention in geriatric psychiatry care: Results of a pre-post design study
Authors: Albuquerque E. , Fernandes S. , Cerejeira J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionInnovative approaches are needed to respond to the increasing number of elderly subjects with complex psychiatric conditions who require flexible and rapid responses, avoiding unnecessary hospital admissions. A new organizational model was implemented in our psychogeriatric service in September 2011 consisting of:– a comprehensive multidisciplinary geriatric assessment;– a helpline for caregivers for management of acute behavioral problems;– programmed visits to nursing homes.AimsTo evaluate whether the implementation of this program was associated with a reduction in hospital admissions and emergency department visits.MethodsThis is a pre-post test design study, involving 1197 patients who attended the Old Age Psychiatric (OAP) Unit three years before and three years after the implementation of the organizational intervention (1.09.2008 to 1.10.2014). An index of patient × year was calculated considering the period during which the patient was followed in OAP Unit. Data was obtained from the medical files of all eligible patients regarding demographic variables, number and type of hospital admissions and emergency department visits.ResultsDuring the 3 years before the intervention 671.2 patients × years were included (mean age of 75.8 years) while after the intervention this reached 2010.1 patients × years (mean age of 77.8 years). The intervention was associated with a decrease of 44% in psychiatry emergency visits, 48% in general emergency visits, 44% in psychiatric ward admissions and 51% in geriatric ward admissions.ConclusionsThe implementation of this new model was associated with significant reduction of hospital-based service utilization. Future research should determine if this was coupled with increased health outcomes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Antidepressants and mortality risk in a dementia cohort – data from SveDem, the Swedish Dementia Registry
Authors: Enache D. , Fereshtehnejad S.M. , Cermakova P. , Garcia-Ptacek S. , Kåreholt I. , Johnell K. , Religa D. , Jelic V. , Winblad B. , Ballard C. , Aarsland D. , Fastbom J. , Eriksdotter M. 
Published: May 2016

BackgroundThe association between mortality risk and use of antidepressants in people with dementia is unknown.ObjectiveTo describe the use of antidepressants in people with different dementia diagnoses and to explore mortality risk associated with use of antidepressants 3 years before a dementia diagnosis.MethodsStudy population included 20,050 memory clinic patients from Swedish Dementia Registry diagnosed with incident dementia. Data on antidepressants dispensed at the time of dementia diagnosis and during three-year period before dementia diagnosis was obtained from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Cox regression models were used.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 2 years from dementia diagnosis, 25.8% of dementia patients died. A quarter (25.0%) of patients were on antidepressants at the time of dementia diagnosis while 21.6% used antidepressants at some point during a three-year period before a dementia diagnosis. Use of antidepressant treatment for 3 consecutive years before a dementia diagnosis was associated with a lower mortality risk for all dementia disorders (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.72–0.94) and in Alzheimer's disease (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.45–0.83). There were no significant associations between use of antidepressant treatment and mortality risk in other dementia diagnoses.ConclusionAntidepressant treatment is common among patients with dementia. Use of antidepressants during prodromal stages may reduce mortality in dementia and specifically in Alzheimer's disease.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Validity of the Geriatric Depression Scale-30 against the gold standard diagnosis of depression in older age: The GreatAGE Study
Authors: Lozupone M. , Veneziani F. , Galizia I. , Lofano L. , Montalbò D. , Arcuti S. , Tortelli R. , Barulli M.R. , Capozzo R. , Bonfiglio C. , Panza F. , Seripa D. , Todarello O. , Logroscino G. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDepression is a common disorder in late-life. Structured clinical interviews may be less efficient compared to self-administered questionnaires, but provide more accurate findings in terms of diagnosis. No population-based studies with both these depression assessment instruments have been ever performed.ObjectivesTo estimate the GDS-30 accuracy for depression assessment against the gold standard [Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders (SCID)] in subjects 65+ years in a random sampling of the general population.MethodsThe sample was collected in a population-based study (GreatAGE) conducted among elderly residents in Castellana, Southeast Italy. It includes 597 participants (57.62% males, mean age 73 years). Depression was assessed through the GDS-30 and the SCID, both double-blinded administered respectively by a trained neuropsychologist and psychiatrist. The GDS-30 screening performances were analyzed using ROC curves.ResultsAccording to the gold standard SCID, the rate of depressive disorder was 10.22% (15.81% of women; 6.1% of men) while with GDS-30 instrument 12.06% of the residents met the depression cutoff. Only 36.1% of GDS cases were true positive. At the optimal cutoff score (> 5), GDS had 62% sensitivity and 81% specificity. Using a more conservative cutoff (> 9), the GDS-30 specificity reached 91% while sensitivity dropped to 43%.ConclusionsThese preliminary results from the first population-based study that compares GDS-30 and SCID showed that the GDS-30 identified adequate levels of screening accuracy (AUC 0.76) compatible with scores established in community settings.FundingPRIN2009E4RM4Z.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.