bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Informal caregiver burden in dialysis care and how it relates to patients’ health-related quality of life and symptoms
Authors: Driehuis Esmee , Janse Roemer J , Roeterdink Anneke J , Konijn Wanda S , van Lieshout Thomas S , Vogels Theodôr J F M , Goto Namiko A , Broese van Groenou Marjolein I , Dekker Friedo W , van Jaarsveld Brigit C , Abrahams Alferso C 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Informal caregivers play a crucial role in dialysis care but may experience significant burden, potentially affecting both caregiver and patient outcomes. Research on caregiver burden and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the relation to patient-reported outcomes (PROs) is lacking. Therefore, we aimed to (i) describe informal caregivers’ experienced burden and HRQoL and (ii) investigate how these are related to dialysis patients’ HRQoL and symptoms.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study at dialysis initiation with 202 adult informal caregiver–dialysis patient dyads. Caregiver burden was measured with the Self-Perceived Pressure from Informal Care (SPPIC) questionnaire, HRQoL with the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and symptom number and burden with the Dialysis Symptom Index (DSI). Data were analysed using linear and logistic ordinal regression.

Results
Around 38% of caregivers experienced moderate to high burden. Patients’ lower mental HRQoL [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.92; 0.99], higher symptom number (aOR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.02; 1.12) and higher symptom burden (aOR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01; 1.04) were associated with greater odds of higher caregiver burden. Patients’ lower mental HRQoL (β = 0.30, 95% CI 0.15; 0.46), higher symptom number (β = –0.55, 95% CI –0.78; –0.31) and higher symptom burden (β = –0.17, 95% CI –0.25; –0.10) were also associated with a lower mental HRQoL in caregivers.

Conclusion
We show that a third of caregivers feel moderate to high burden and that caregiver burden is associated with patients’ mental HRQoL and symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of recognizing informal caregivers and the nature of their burden.
Sex-specific expression of circadian rhythms enables allochronic speciation
Authors: van Doorn G Sander , Schepers Jens , Hut Roelof A , Groot Astrid T 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Noctuid moths provide prime examples of species in various stages of allochronic speciation, where reproductive barriers are mediated by genetic divergence in daily or seasonal timing. Theory indicates that allochronic divergence might be one of the most plausible mechanisms of adaptive speciation, especially when timing is subject to divergent ecological selection. Here, we show that the validity of this theoretical expectation is entirely contingent on species characteristics of the mating system. Our analysis focuses on the moth Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), which occurs as two strains that differ in circadian reproductive activity. Unlike in generic models of assortative mating, where chronotypes diverge under mild assumptions, individual-based evolutionary simulations of the mating system and life cycle of S. frugiperda fail to recover allochronic diversification, even under conditions highly conducive to speciation. Instead, we observe that both chronotypes advance their activity schedule toward the early night, resulting in a rapid loss of allochronic variation. This outcome is caused by the fact that mating in S. frugiperda takes considerable time and potential mates are encountered sequentially, so that early males enjoy a systematic advantage. The undermining effect of male mate competition can be overcome when circadian genes evolve sex-specific expression, enabling early and late chronotypes to be maintained or even to diversify in sympatry. These results give new significance to sex differences in biological rhythms and suggest that species characteristics of the mating system and genetic architecture are key to understanding the scope for allochronic speciation across diverse species exhibiting variation in timing.
The impact of mental health disorders and job demands on the individual job performance of construction workers
Authors: Kazar Gokhan , Rahmanzadeh Pourya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Understanding the impact of job demands and mental health disorders on individual job performance is crucial to achieving a more productive workforce and should be empirically investigated. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to assess the impact of job demands and mental health disorders on individual job performance among construction workers. In addition, we examined the interaction effect between job demands and some demographic characteristics (income, marital status, experience, and area of residence) on the job performance of construction workers in 2 dimensions.

Methods
For this purpose, a new conceptual model and 3 different hypotheses were introduced. A survey was designed and administered to 513 construction workers. Whereas the measurement items regarding demographic characteristics, job demands, and mental health disorders were addressed to construction workers, the last part related to job performance of construction workers was conducted with site managers of the workers to obtain more objective results. A structural equation modeling approach was adopted to assess the validity of the model and to test the hypotheses.

Results
The results of this study show that whereas job demands have a significant and high impact on individual job performance, the effect of mental health disorders on job performance is significant at a moderate level. In addition, the demographic characteristics of marital status and area of residence have a significant interaction effect on job performance when combined with job demands.

Conclusion
Providing individualized support systems, resources, and opportunities for construction workers can help mitigate the negative effects of excessive demands and mental disorders on labor productivity.
The spatially resolved relation between dust, gas, and metal abundance with the TYPHOON survey
Authors: Park Hye-Jin , Battisti Andrew J , Wisnioski Emily , Cortese Luca , Seibert Mark , Grasha Kathryn , Madore Barry F , Groves Brent , Rich Jeff A , Beaton Rachael L , Chen Qian-Hui , Mun Marcie , McClure-Griffiths Naomi M , de Blok W J G , Kewley Lisa J 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
We present the spatially resolved relationship between the dust-to-gas mass ratio (DGR) and gas-phase metallicity ($Z_{\rm gas}$ or 12 + log(O/H)) (i.e. DGR–$Z_{\rm gas}$ relation) of 11 nearby galaxies with a large-metallicity range (1.5 dex of 12 + log(O/H)) at (sub-)kpc scales. We used the large field-of-view ($\gtrsim$ 3 arcmin) optical pseudo-Integral Field Spectroscopy data taken by the TYPHOON/Progressive Integral Step Method survey, covering the optical size of galaxies, combining them with multiwavelength data [far-ultrviolet (UV) to far-infrared (IR), CO, and H i 21 cm radio]. A large scatter of DGR in the intermediate-metallicity galaxies (8.0 $\lt $ 12 + log(O/H)$\lt $ 8.3) is found, which is in line with dust evolution models, where grain growth begins to dominate the mechanism of dust mass accumulation. In the lowest metallicity galaxy of our sample, Sextans A (12 + log(O/H)$\lt $ 7.6), the star-forming regions have significantly higher DGR values (by 0.5–2 dex) than the global estimates from literature at the same metallicity, but aligns with the DGR values from metal depletion method from damped Lyman alpha systems and high hydrogen gas density regions of Sextans A. Using dust evolution models with a Bayesian Monte Carlo Markov Chain approach suggests: (1) a high supernova dust yield and (2) a negligible amount of photofragmentation by UV radiation, although we note that our sample in the low-metallicity regime is limited to Sextans A. On the other hand, it is also possible that while metallicity influences DGR, gas density also plays a role, indicating an early onset of dust grain growth in the dust mass build-up process despite its low metallicity.
Determination of positive end-expiratory pressure in COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome
Authors: Sachkova Alexandra , Andreas Marike , Heise Daniel , Golinski Martin , Stephani Caspar , Dickel Steffen , Grimm Clemens , Monsef Ina , Piechotta Vanessa , Skoetz Nicole , Laudi Sven , Moerer Onnen ,   CEOsys
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND
The impact of high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation and the optimization of PEEP titration in COVID-19-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to be a subject of debate. In this systematic review, we investigated the effects of varying PEEP settings on patients with severe ARDS primarily resulting from COVID-19 (C-ARDS).

OBJECTIVES
Does higher or lower PEEP improve the outcomes in COVID-19 ARDS? Does individually titrated PEEP lead to better outcomes compared with PEEP set by standardised (low and high ARDS network PEEP tables) approaches? Does the individually set PEEP (best PEEP) differ from PEEP set according to the standardised approaches (low and high ARDS network PEEP tables)?

DESIGN
Systematic review of observational studies without metaanalysis.

DATA SOURCES
We performed an extensive systematic literature search in Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register (CCSR), PubMed, Embase.com, Web of Science Core Collection, World Health Organization COVID-19 Global literature on coronavirus disease, World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP), medRxiv, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials until 24/01/2024.

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Ventilated adult patients (≧18 years) with C-ARDS.

RESULTS
We screened 16 026 records, evaluated 119 full texts, and included 12 studies (n = 1431 patients) in our final data synthesis, none of them being a randomised controlled trial. The heterogeneity of study procedures and populations did not allow conduction of a meta-analysis. The results of those studies that compared lower and higher PEEP strategies in C-ARDS were ambiguous pointing out either positive effects on oxygenation with high levels of PEEP, or negative changes in lung mechanics.

CONCLUSION
The available evidence does not provide sufficient guidance for recommendations on optimal PEEP settings in C-ARDS. In general, well designed platform studies are needed to answer the questions raised in this review and, in particular, to investigate the use of individualised PEEP titration techniques and the inclusion of patients with different ARDS entities, severities and disease stages.

TITLE REGISTRATION
Our systematic review protocol was registered with the international prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO 2021: CRD42021260303).
RHEGMATOGENOUS RETINAL DETACHMENT
Authors: Brosh Koby , Semionov Anastasia , Hanhart Joel , Goldberg Mordechai , Potter Michael J. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To report the characteristics of retinal detachment demarcation lines on infrared imaging together with retinal detachment progression analysis.

Methods:
We performed a retrospective case series of 25 eyes of 24 patients who underwent macula off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) repair and demonstrated a postoperative demarcation line on in infrared imaging. All patients had an optical coherence tomography imaging at baseline capturing the extent of the RRD. Criteria for demarcation lines diagnosis on infrared imaging included a line parallel and with the same contour of the RRD edge. These lines were not observed on infrared imaging before RRD repair surgery.

Results:
Demarcation lines' hyperreflectivity was situated in the interdigitation-ellipsoid zone complex. These lines were more obvious on the early postoperative week but faded over time (average disappearance time 2.6 ± 2.9 months). The analysis of retinal detachment progression showed that superior RRDs progressed more than inferior RRDs (611 vs. 122 μ, P = 0.02). Among 13 cases with a superior RRD, the temporal border progressed more than the nasal side (697 vs. 426 μ, P = 0.01, Figure 1). The use of intraoperative perfluorocarbon was associated with less RRD progression (P = 0.01).

Conclusion:
The study concludes that demarcation lines are distinct findings on infrared imaging, appearing early but diminishing relatively quickly after RRD repair. It also revealed the characteristics of RRDs progression specifically that inferior RRDs and perfluorocarbon use were associated with less retinal progression.
Career Paths, Practice Location, and Scholarly Contributions of American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Fellowship Graduates, 2000–2021
Authors: Azzam Daniel B. , Meller Leo Li Tang , Oca Michael , Vagefi M. Reza , Tao Jeremiah P. 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
To characterize American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (ASOPRS) fellowship graduates’ career paths and contributions to society missions, including trends across gender, time, and geography.

Methods:
In this retrospective cohort study, ASOPRS fellowship graduates from 2000 to 2021 were stratified by demographics, time, and geography. Main outcomes were career paths and contributions to ASOPRS missions of advancing education, research, and quality of clinical practice.

Results:
Among 474 ASOPRS graduates, women increased from 19% (2000–2005) to 47% (2016–2021). Women contributed equally to men in most ASOPRS missions but were underrepresented as fellowship directors (p = 0.03). Over time, graduates after 2005 had higher publication rates (adjusted p < 0.001). Geographically, Northeast fellows (adjusted p = 0.034) and Midwest employment (adjusted p = 0.003) correlated with academic careers, while West employment conferred community careers (adjusted p < 0.001). Geographic retention near fellowship directly correlated with academic careers (adjusted p = 0.006), educational roles (adjusted p < 0.001), and publications (adjusted p = 0.006). Forty-one percent practiced in the 5 most saturated states, with fewer in the Midwest. The attrition rate of United States ASOPRS fellows who left the national workforce was 2%.

Conclusions:
From 2000 to 2021, ASOPRS fellows entered diverse career paths with increasing gender parity, though women were underrepresented as fellowship directors. Career paths and contributions to the field varied geographically. Graduates frequently practice in saturated states, potentially exacerbating access disparities in underserved regions. These findings highlight opportunities to address geographic differences, promote workforce diversity, and align fellowships with society objectives.
A Longitudinal Analysis of Long Working Hours and the Onset of Psychological Distress
Authors: Ezekekwu Emmanuel , Johnson Christopher , Karimi Seyed , Lorenz Doug , Antimisiaris Demetra 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
There is a paucity of longitudinal studies examining the relationship between working hours and the development of psychological distress (PD) among US workers. This study utilized a longitudinal approach to examine this relationship.

Methods
The 2010–2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data was utilized. PD was analyzed among full-time US employees without PD at baseline using a fixed effect approach.

Results
The sample comprised 27,548 full-time workers. Individuals working 61 hours or more weekly had the highest risk of PD onset, at 9.9% (95% CI = 1.9%–17.8%, P < 0.05), compared to those working 30 to 35 hours weekly. Interestingly, an increased risk of PD onset was found among individuals working 36 to 40 hr/wk at 6.6% (CI = 1.5%–11.6%%, P < 0.05).

Conclusions
Long working hours were associated with the increased development of PD.
COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Uptake Among Firefighters
Authors: Hooker Stephanie A. , Ziegenfuss Jeanette Y. , Muegge Jule , Dinh Jennifer M. , Zabel Erik W. , Dabrowski Dominik , Nadeau Ashley M. , McKinney Zeke J. 
Published: October 2024

Objective
The aim of this study was to assess COVID-19 vaccination prevalence and explore whether health beliefs were associated with vaccination among firefighters.

Methods
A cross-sectional online survey was distributed to Minnesota firefighters in March–April 2022. Survey questions included demographics, vaccination status, and beliefs about COVID-19 and vaccines.

Results
Of the survey respondents (n = 974, 91% male, 89% White), 76% were fully vaccinated and 53% were boosted. Firefighters were less likely to be vaccinated if they reported more perceived barriers (OR = 0.42, P < 0.001), greater decision-making ease (OR = 0.42, P < 0.001), and greater autonomy (OR = 0.65, P = 0.04). Greater perceived benefits (OR = 2.63, P < 0.001) and social norms (OR = 2.10, P < 0.001) were associated with a greater likelihood of being vaccinated. Similar results were seen predicting booster status.

Conclusions
Firefighters had similar vaccination rates as the general population, despite high exposure risks. Health beliefs are strongly related to vaccination status.
Flourine-18 Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen-1007 Positron Emission Tomography Imaging in Staging of Primary and Secondary Prostate Cancer—A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study
Authors: Byrne Matthew H. V. , Ranasinha Nithesh , Sharma Abhishek , Mercader Claudia , Raslan Mutie , Sathanapally Ganesh , Lewis Francesca , Gorgoraptis Stefanos , Lopes Vieira Ana Catarina , Golebka Jedrzej , Peiris Bryony , Lopez J. Francisco , Leslie Tom , Bell Richard C. , Miah Saiful , Tuthill Mark , Protheroe Andrew , Camilleri Philip , Sabharwal Ami , Andrade Gerard , Hamdy Freddie C. , Macpherson Ruth , Gleeson Fergus , Bryant Richard J. , Lamb Alastair D. 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Detection of metastatic disease is important to inform prostate cancer management.

Objectives:
Evaluate local and distant staging by initial 18F-PSMA-1007 PET in primary and secondary prostate cancer.

Design, Setting, and Participants:
We retrospectively identified a consecutive series of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET scans from the date of introduction of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET in September 2019 until April 2022 at a single UK tertiary referral center. Our protocol was registered in advance (OSF registration ID: KTE3R).

Results:
We identified 1335 PSMA-PET scans, from 1220 men. Across 623 initial scans for primary staging, we observed PSMA-PET avidity in 97.6% cases positive for local disease, 29.5% for nodal disease, and 26.5% for metastatic disease. PSMA-PET identified a 13.2% absolute increase in nodal lesions compared with MRI and a 24.0% absolute increase in metastatic lesions compared with MRI marrow. The sensitivity for detection of local disease among 79 patients who had radical prostatectomy was 96.2% for PSMA-PET vs 89.4% for multiparametric MRI. Across 612 scans for secondary staging, we observed PSMA-PET positive avidity in 51.2% of cases for local recurrence, 46.6% for nodal disease, and 43.0% for metastatic disease. When evaluated by the PSA range for patients receiving secondary staging, using the PSA values of 0.2 to 0.49, 0.5 to 0.99, 1 to 1.99, and ≥ 2 ng/mL, PSMA-PET scans were positive in 57.8%, 75.0%, 83.8%, and 95.5% of cases, respectively. PSMA-PET identified a 26.2% absolute increase in metastatic lesions compared with MRI marrow or other skeletal MRI (n = 61) and a 14.7% absolute increase in metastatic lesions compared with the bone scan (n = 42).

Conclusion:

18F-PSMA-1007 PET identifies a higher number of nodal and metastatic lesions compared with conventional cross-sectional imaging. However, the high number of indeterminate lesions and stage migration necessitates discussion of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET imaging within a multidisciplinary team and places a higher burden on these teams.
Gadopiclenol: A q = 2 Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agent Combining High Stability and Efficacy
Authors: Maimouni Ilham , Henoumont Céline , De Goltstein Marie-Christine , Mayer Jean-François , Dehimi Anissa , Boubeguira Yamina , Kattenbeck Christina , Maas Torben J. , Decout Nathalie , Strzeminska Izabela , Bazin Gwénaëlle , Medina Christelle , Factor Cécile , Rousseaux Olivier , Karst Uwe , Laurent Sophie , Catoen Sarah 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
Gadopiclenol is a q = 2 pyclen gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and other European countries. The aim of this report is to demonstrate its stability in multiple stressed in vitro conditions and in vivo, in rat kidney, while maintaining its higher relaxivity compared with conventional GBCAs on the market.

Materials and Methods
Both gadopiclenol and its chemical precursor Pi828-Gd were characterized and compared with q = 1 gadolinium (Gd) complexes. The number of water molecules coordinated to the Gd (the hydration number, q) was determined by luminescence. 17O NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) measurements gave access to the water residence time τM. These parameters were used for the fitting of the nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion profiles in water. Proton relaxivities of the complexes were determined in different media at 60 MHz (1.4 T), at different pH and temperature. The kinetic inertness was investigated in human serum, acidic media, under zinc competition in the presence of phosphate, and under ligand competition. The in vivo stability was evaluated in rat kidneys 12 months after repeated injections.

Results
The presence of 2 inner-sphere water molecules per Gd complex was confirmed for both pyclen derivatives. The high relaxivity of the complexes in water is maintained under physiological conditions, even under stressed conditions (ionic media, extreme pH, and temperature), which guarantees their efficiency in a large range of in vivo situations. Gd release from the q = 2 complexes was investigated in different potentially destabilizing conditions. Either no Gd release or a slower one than with “q = 1” stable macrocyclic GBCA (acidic conditions) was observed. Their kinetic inertness was demonstrated in physiological conditions, and the Gd release was below the lower limit of quantification of 0.1 μM after 12 days at 37°C in human serum. It was also demonstrated that gadopiclenol is stable in vivo in rat kidney 12 months after repeated injections.

Conclusions
Thanks to its optimized structural design, gadopiclenol is a highly stable and effective macrocyclic q = 2 GBCA.