bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of proton pump inhibitors and famotidine on elimination of plasma methotrexate: Evaluation of drug–drug interactions mediated by organic anion transporter 3
Authors: Narumi Katsuya , Sato Yu , Kobayashi Masaki , Furugen Ayako , Kasashi Kumiko , Yamada Takehiro , Teshima Takanori , Iseki Ken 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMethotrexate (MTX) is an antifolate agent used in the treatment of numerous types of cancer, and eliminated by active tubular secretion via organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3). Gastric antisecretory drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and histamine H2 receptor antagonists, are widely used among patients with cancer in clinical practice. The aim of the present study was to analyse the potential drug–drug interactions between MTX and gastric antisecretory drugs in high‐dose MTX (HD‐MTX) therapy. The impact of PPIs on the plasma MTX concentration on 73 cycles of HD‐MTX therapy was analysed retrospectively in 43 patients. Also investigated was the involvement of OAT3 in PPI–MTX drug interaction in an in vitro study using human OAT3 expressing HEK293 cells. In a retrospective study, patients who received a PPI had significantly higher MTX levels at 48 h (0.38 vs. 0.15 μmol l−1, respectively, p = 0.000018) and 72 h (0.13 vs. 0.05 μmol l−1, respectively, p = 0.0002) compared with patients who did not receive a PPI (but received famotidine). Moreover, in vitro experiments demonstrated that PPIs (esomeprazole, lansoprazole, omeprazole and rabeprazole) inhibited hOAT3‐mediated uptake of MTX in a concentration‐dependent manner (IC50 values of 0.40–5.5 μ
m), with a rank order of lansoprazole > esomeprazole > rabeprazole > omeprazole. In contrast to PPIs, famotidine showed little inhibitory effect on hOAT3‐mediated MTX uptake. These results demonstrated that co‐administration of PPI, but not famotidine, could result in a pharmacokinetic interaction that increases the plasma MTX levels, at least in part, via hOAT3 inhibition.
Utility of Capture–Recapture Methodology to Estimate Prevalence of Congenital Heart Defects Among Adolescents in 11 New York State Counties: 2008 to 2010
Authors: Akkaya‐Hocagil Tugba , Hsu Wan‐Hsiang , Sommerhalter Kristin , McGarry Claire , Van Zutphen Alissa 
Published: August 2017

BackgroundCongenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defects in the United States, and the population of individuals living with CHDs is growing. Though CHD prevalence in infancy has been well characterized, better prevalence estimates among children and adolescents in the United States are still needed.MethodsWe used capture–recapture methods to estimate CHD prevalence among adolescents residing in 11 New York counties. The three data sources used for analysis included Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) hospital inpatient records, SPARCS outpatient records, and medical records provided by seven pediatric congenital cardiac clinics from 2008 to 2010. Bayesian log‐linear models were fit using the R package Conting to account for dataset dependencies and heterogeneous catchability.ResultsA total of 2537 adolescent CHD cases were captured in our three data sources. Forty‐four cases were identified in all data sources, 283 cases were identified in two of three data sources, and 2210 cases were identified in a single data source. The final model yielded an estimated total adolescent CHD population of 3845, indicating that 66% of the cases in the catchment area were identified in the case‐identifying data sources. Based on 2010 Census estimates, we estimated adolescent CHD prevalence as 6.4 CHD cases per 1000 adolescents (95% confidence interval: 6.2–6.6).ConclusionWe used capture–recapture methodology with a population‐based surveillance system in New York to estimate CHD prevalence among adolescents. Future research incorporating additional data sources may improve prevalence estimates in this population. Birth Defects Research 109:1423–1429, 2017.© 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of olerciamide A from Portulaca oleracea L. in rats by UHPLC‐UV and UHPLC‐ESI‐Q‐TOF/MS
Authors: Ying Zheming , Li Cuiyu , Gao Mingzhe , Ying Xixiang , Yang Guanlin 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to elucidate the pharmacokinetics of olerciamide A in rats after oral and intravenous administration of Portulaca oleracea L. extract by a simple and rapid ultra high‐performance liquid chromatography method with bergapten as internal standard. The pharmacokinetic results indicated that olerciamide A was rapidly distributed with a time to peak concentration of 30 min after oral administration and presented a low oral absolute bioavailability of 4.57%. The metabolism of olerciamide A in rats was also investigated using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography electrospray coupled with quadrupole–time of flight mass spectrometry to elucidate the reason for the low absolute bioavailability of olerciamide A and seven metabolites of oleraciamide A were found in rat plasma and urine.
Sensitive liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of two novel highly lipophilic anticancer drug candidates in rat plasma and tissues
Authors: Hooshfar Shirin , Linzey Michael R. , Wu Daqing , Gera Lajos , Mamouni Kenza , Li Xin , Chen Yanhua , Yang Yang , Olorunyolemi Oluwasegun , Bartlett Michael G. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractA simple and sensitive liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC‐ESI‐MS/MS) method was developed and validated for determination of two highly lipophilic anticancer drug candidates, LG1980 and GH501, in rat plasma and tissues (liver, kidney and femur bones). LG1980 and GH501 were extracted from rat plasma and tissue homogenates using liquid–liquid extraction. The method provided a linear range of 1.0–200.0 ng/mL for GH501 in plasma and LG1980 in plasma and liver. For both analytes in other tissue homogenates the linear range was 2.0–400.0 ng/mL. The method was validated with precision within 15% relative standard deviation, accuracy within 15% relative error and a consistent recovery. This method has been successfully applied in two preclinical studies for LG1980 and GH501 to determine their concentrations in rat plasma, liver, kidney and bone over 24 h after intravenous injection of compounds.
Fifty Years of (Benz)oxaphospholene Chemistry
Authors: Berton Jan K. E. T. , Heugebaert Thomas S. A. , Virieux David , Stevens Christian V. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe first synthesis of benzoxaphospholenes dates back to the 1960s. Since then, the structural variety of reported (benz)oxaphospholenes has steadily increased. Organophosphorus compounds have caught the interest of synthetic chemists for a couple of decades now because of their interesting biological properties. Oxaphospholenes, in particular, could serve as carbohydrate mimetics, and benzoxaphospholenes have been reported to possess bactericidal, insecticidal, herbicidal, and fungistatical properties. Transesterification reactions and addition of phosphorus nucleophiles to carbonyl compounds were reaction types that led to the production of the first (benz)oxaphospholenes. When it was discovered that allenylphosphonates could easily be obtained from propargyl alcohols and dialkyl halophosphites, the electrophile‐induced cyclization reaction of these allenylphosphonate precursors resulted in a huge boom in the amount of reports on oxaphospholene synthesis. To this day, this method is still frequently used. Ring‐closing metathesis and Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reactions have also proven their potential for the preparation of oxaphospholenes. In recent years, Pd, Rh and Au‐catalysis have made their entry, generating (benz)oxaphospholenes from a wide variety of simple substrates. A couple of miscellaneous methods are summarized at the end of the Review.
Minimax robust active learning for approximately specified regression models
Authors: Nie Rui , Wiens Douglas P. , Zhai Zhichun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe address problems of model misspecification in active learning. We suppose that an investigator will sample training input points (predictors) from a subpopulation with a chosen distribution, possibly different from that generating the underlying whole population. This is in particular justified when full knowledge of the predictors is easily acquired, but determining the responses is expensive. Having sampled the responses the investigator will estimate a, possibly incorrectly specified, regression function and then predict the responses at all remaining values of the predictors. We derive functions of the predictors , and carry out probability weighted sampling with weights proportional to . The functions are asymptotically minimax robust against the losses incurred by random measurement error in the responses, sampling variation in the inputs, and biases resulting from the model misspecification. In our applications the values of are functions of the diagonal elements of the “hat” matrix which features in a regression on the entire population; this yields an interpretation of sampling the “most influential” part of the population. Applications on simulated and benchmark data sets demonstrate the strong gains to be achieved in this manner, relative to passive learning and to previously proposed methods of active learning. We go on to illustrate the methods in the context of a case study relating ice thickness and snow depth at various locations in Canada, using a “population” of about 50,000 observations made available by Statistics Canada. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 46: 104–122; 2018 © 2017 Statistical Society of Canada
Dual Effect in Fluorine‐Doped Hematite Nanocrystals for Efficient Water Oxidation
Authors: Xie Junfeng , Liu Weiwei , Xin Jianping , Lei Fengcai , Gao Li , Qu Haichao , Zhang Xiaodong , Xie Yi 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein, excellent light absorption and oxygen‐evolving activity were simultaneously achieved by doping fluorine anions into hematite nanocrystals. Upon anion doping, the band structure of hematite can be effectively regulated, leading to the generation of defect levels between the band gap and remarkably increased visible light absorption. The activity for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) of the hematite nanocrystals is enhanced after fluorine doping, where the doped hematite assists as an effective catalyst for photoelectrochemical water splitting. The optimization strategy proposed herein may shed light on the future design of photocatalysts for energy‐related applications.
The diagnostic utility of Merkel cell polyomavirus immunohistochemistry in a fine needle aspirate of metastatic Merkel cell carcinoma of unknown primary to the pancreas
Authors: Li Long , Molberg Kyle , Cheedella Naga , Thibodeaux Joel , Hinson Stacy , Lucas Elena 
Published: August 2017

AbstractMerkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive skin tumor with a high tendency for metastases. We report a case of MCC initially presenting as axillary and pancreatic metastases. A 33‐year‐old HIV‐positive Hispanic male presented with a history of a rapidly growing axillary mass. A needle core biopsy demonstrated an epithelioid neoplasm composed of small to medium‐sized cells with high nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio, nuclear molding, and frequent mitotic figures. A subsequent PET scan revealed a 1.5 cm FDG avid mass in the pancreas. Endoscopic ultrasound‐guided FNA of the pancreatic mass showed neoplastic cells with similar morphology to those of the axillary mass. The tumor cells were positive with pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, CK20, CD56, synatophysin, chromogranin, and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). This case of MCC most likely originated from a resolved primary skin lesion drained by the involved axillary lymph node with subsequent metastases to the pancreas and distant lymph nodes.
Determination of higenamine and coclaurine levels in human urine after the administration of a throat lozenge containing Nandina domestica fruit
Authors: Okano Masato , Sato Mitsuhiko , Kageyama Shinji 
Published: August 2017

Higenamine is a key component of traditional Chinese herbal medicine. The fruit of Nandina domestica (which contains this component) is available as an ingredient in the so‐called Nanten‐nodo‐ame throat lozenge found on the Japanese market, which is an over‐the‐counter pharmaceutical and is easy to purchase for Japanese athletes. However, higenamine is a non‐selective β2‐agonist, which is exemplified in the prohibited list of the World Anti‐Doping Agency (WADA). Therefore, some have raised a concern regarding the potential cause of increased unintentional higenamine doping cases in the Asian region. This study aimed to investigate components of throat lozenges and develop a mass‐spectrometry method for the quantification of higenamine and coclaurine in human urine. Moreover, a population study of Japanese subjects (n = 246) and an excretion study (n = 4) of the corresponding throat‐lozenge recipients were performed to test the applicability of the current reporting threshold (i.e., 10 ng/mL) of higenamine set by WADA. The estimates of higenamine and coclaurine were 2.2 ± 0.1 μg/drop (mean of n = 12) and 0.5 ± 0.01 μg/drop (mean of n = 12), respectively. The maximum concentrations of higenamine and coclaurine were 0.2–0.4 and 0.3–1.0 ng/mL, respectively, at 10–12 h after administration of higenamine (nine drops); however, the concentrations in all four volunteers did not reach the positivity criterion of 10 ng/mL. No higenamine and coclaurine could be detected in the Japanese subjects. Therefore, there is no risk of detecting unintentional higenamine doping when the WADA reporting threshold is used.
Utilizing Telehealth to deliver family‐based treatment for adolescent anorexia nervosa
Authors: Anderson Kristen E. , Byrne Catherine E. , Crosby Ross D. , Le Grange Daniel 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and preliminary effect size on the main outcome measure (weight gain) of family‐based treatment (FBT) for adolescents with anorexia nervosa (AN) and their families delivered via a Telehealth platform (i.e., an HIPAA compliant videoconferencing format).MethodTen adolescents, mean age of 16.08 years (SD = 1.99), meeting DSM‐5 criteria for AN or atypical AN, were enrolled in the study and offered FBT via a Telehealth platform. Feasibility and acceptability were evaluated by rates of recruitment and retention. Treatment outcome was determined utilizing percent median body mass index (%mBMI), the eating disorder examination (EDE), and measures for depression and self‐esteem.ResultsRecruitment target was achieved within allotted time, and all participants were retained for the course of treatment. Percent mBMI improved significantly from baseline to the end‐of‐treatment (p = .013) and from baseline to the 6‐month follow‐up (p = .032). Similar results were achieved for the EDE Global Score (p = .002 and .001, respectively).DiscussionThese findings provide preliminary evidence that it is feasible to deliver FBT via Telehealth and that satisfactory clinical outcomes are achievable.
Internet‐delivered eating disorder prevention: A randomized controlled trial of dissonance‐based and cognitive‐behavioral interventions
Authors: Chithambo Taona P. , Huey Stanley J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe current study evaluated two web‐based programs for eating disorder prevention in high‐risk, predominantly ethnic minority women.MethodTwo hundred and seventy‐one women with elevated weight concerns were randomized to Internet dissonance‐based intervention (DBI‐I), Internet cognitive‐behavioral intervention (CBI‐I), or no intervention (NI). Both interventions consisted of four weekly online sessions. Participants were assessed at pre‐ and post intervention. Outcome measures included eating pathology, body dissatisfaction, dieting, thin‐ideal internalization, and depression.ResultsAt postintervention, DBI‐I and CBI‐I led to greater reductions in body dissatisfaction, thin‐ideal internalization, and depression than NI. In addition, CBI‐I was effective at reducing dieting and composite eating pathology relative to NI. No outcome differences were found between the active conditions. Moderation analyses suggested that both active conditions were more effective for ethnic minorities than Whites relative to NI.DiscussionResults suggest that both DBI‐I and CBI‐I are effective at reducing eating disorder risk factors in a high‐risk, predominantly minority population relative to no intervention.
Virtual reality jogging as a novel exposure paradigm for the acute urge to be physically active in patients with eating disorders: Implications for treatment
Authors: Paslakis Georgios , Fauck Vanessa , Röder Kathrin , Rauh Elisabeth , Rauh Manfred , Erim Yesim 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe acute urge to be physically active is a relevant clinical phenomenon in patients suffering from eating disorders. In this study with n = 20 female patients with anorexia nervosa and n = 10 female patients with bulimia nervosa, a virtual reality (VR) jogging paradigm was applied as a novel highly immersive 3D exposure paradigm. Patients were asked to rate their acute urge to be physically active during the exposure procedure. A 10‐item self‐report questionnaire (smQ) was developed to capture the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of the acute urge to move. We hypothesized that exposure would lead to habituation of the urge to be physically active. We also hypothesized that leptin levels would be associated with the degree of the subjective urge to be physically active, while habituation would be associated with a decrease in stress hormones (α‐amylase, cortisol, and cortisone in saliva). A statistically significant change in subjective scores in the smQ from baseline to postexposure was seen. Our novel VR paradigm may serve as a therapeutic tool for exposure and habituation of the urge of acutely engaging in physical activity in patients with eating disorders.
A comparison of camera trap and permanent recording video camera efficiency in wildlife underpasses
Authors: Jumeau Jonathan , Petrod Lana , Handrich Yves 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn the current context of biodiversity loss through habitat fragmentation, the effectiveness of wildlife crossings, installed at great expense as compensatory measures, is of vital importance for ecological and socio‐economic actors. The evaluation of these structures is directly impacted by the efficiency of monitoring tools (camera traps…), which are used to assess the effectiveness of these crossings by observing the animals that use them. The aim of this study was to quantify the efficiency of camera traps in a wildlife crossing evaluation. Six permanent recording video systems sharing the same field of view as six Reconyx HC600 camera traps installed in three wildlife underpasses were used to assess the exact proportion of missed events (event being the presence of an animal within the field of view), and the error rate concerning underpass crossing behavior (defined as either Entry or Refusal). A sequence of photographs was triggered by either animals (true trigger) or artefacts (false trigger). We quantified the number of false triggers that had actually been caused by animals that were not visible on the images (“false” false triggers). Camera traps failed to record 43.6% of small mammal events (voles, mice, shrews, etc.) and 17% of medium‐sized mammal events. The type of crossing behavior (Entry or Refusal) was incorrectly assessed in 40.1% of events, with a higher error rate for entries than for refusals. Among the 3.8% of false triggers, 85% of them were “false” false triggers. This study indicates a global underestimation of the effectiveness of wildlife crossings for small mammals. Means to improve the efficiency are discussed.
The underestimated role of temperature–oxygen relationship in large‐scale studies on size‐to‐temperature response
Authors: Walczyńska Aleksandra , Sobczyk Łukasz 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe observation that ectotherm size decreases with increasing temperature (temperature‐size rule; TSR) has been widely supported. This phenomenon intrigues researchers because neither its adaptive role nor the conditions under which it is realized are well defined. In light of recent theoretical and empirical studies, oxygen availability is an important candidate for understanding the adaptive role behind TSR. However, this hypothesis is still undervalued in TSR studies at the geographical level. We reanalyzed previously published data about the TSR pattern in diatoms sampled from Icelandic geothermal streams, which concluded that diatoms were an exception to the TSR. Our goal was to incorporate oxygen as a factor in the analysis and to examine whether this approach would change the results. Specifically, we expected that the strength of size response to cold temperatures would be different than the strength of response to hot temperatures, where the oxygen limitation is strongest. By conducting a regression analysis for size response at the community level, we found that diatoms from cold, well‐oxygenated streams showed no size‐to‐temperature response, those from intermediate temperature and oxygen conditions showed reverse TSR, and diatoms from warm, poorly oxygenated streams showed significant TSR. We also distinguished the roles of oxygen and nutrition in TSR. Oxygen is a driving factor, while nutrition is an important factor that should be controlled for. Our results show that if the geographical or global patterns of TSR are to be understood, oxygen should be included in the studies. This argument is important especially for predicting the size response of ectotherms facing climate warming.
Herbivore and pathogen effects on tree growth are additive, but mediated by tree diversity and plant traits
Authors: Schuldt Andreas , Hönig Lydia , Li Ying , Fichtner Andreas , Härdtle Werner , von Oheimb Goddert , Welk Erik , Bruelheide Helge 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerbivores and fungal pathogens are key drivers of plant community composition and functioning. The effects of herbivores and pathogens are mediated by the diversity and functional characteristics of their host plants. However, the combined effects of herbivory and pathogen damage, and their consequences for plant performance, have not yet been addressed in the context of biodiversity–ecosystem functioning research. We analyzed the relationships between herbivory, fungal pathogen damage and their effects on tree growth in a large‐scale forest‐biodiversity experiment. Moreover, we tested whether variation in leaf trait and climatic niche characteristics among tree species influenced these relationships. We found significant positive effects of herbivory on pathogen damage, and vice versa. These effects were attenuated by tree species richness—because herbivory increased and pathogen damage decreased with increasing richness—and were most pronounced for species with soft leaves and narrow climatic niches. However, herbivory and pathogens had contrasting, independent effects on tree growth, with pathogens decreasing and herbivory increasing growth. The positive herbivory effects indicate that trees might be able to (over‐)compensate for local damage at the level of the whole tree. Nevertheless, we found a dependence of these effects on richness, leaf traits and climatic niche characteristics of the tree species. This could mean that the ability for compensation is influenced by both biodiversity loss and tree species identity—including effects of larger‐scale climatic adaptations that have been rarely considered in this context. Our results suggest that herbivory and pathogens have additive but contrasting effects on tree growth. Considering effects of both herbivory and pathogens may thus help to better understand the net effects of damage on tree performance in communities differing in diversity. Moreover, our study shows how species richness and species characteristics (leaf traits and climatic niches) can modify tree growth responses to leaf damage under real‐world conditions.