bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: CATIONIC ARYLTETRAZENE COMPLEXES OF IRIDIUM
Authors: GILCHRIST ALAN B. , SUTTON DEREK 
Published: March 2016

AbstractEine benzolische Lösung von Chlorocarbonyl‐bis‐[triphenylphosphin]‐iridium reagiert mit festem Aryldiazoniumtetrafluoroborat nach Zugabe von Äthanol oder Isopropanol zu den Titelkomplexen (I), die durch IR‐ und elektronenspektroskopische Daten charakterisiert wurden.
ChemInform Abstract: RELATIVE DIOXYGENATION RATES OF SOME TRANS‐IR(CO)X(PR3)2 COMPLEXES, THE EFFECT OF PHOSPHINE AND HALOGEN CHANGES
Authors: MCAULIFFE C. A. , POLLOCK R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Iridiumcarbonylkomplexe (I) reagieren mit Sauerstoff unter Bildung der Verbindungen (II).
ChemInform Abstract: HOMOPORPHYRINS PART 1, PREPARATION‐STRUCTURE, HOMOPORPHYRINS PART 2, THERMAL REARRANGEMENTS
Authors: CALLOT H. J. , TSCHAMBER TH. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Porphyrin‐Derivat (I) erhält man beim Behandeln mit Nickelacetylacetonat über (II) und (III) die beiden Homoporphyrine (IV) und (V), deren Strukturen z.B. über IR‐, UV‐, NMR‐ und Massen‐Spektren sichergestellt werden.
ChemInform Abstract: STEREOCHEMISTRY OF THE CARANE SYSTEM, A NEW (‐)‐3,4‐IMINO‐TRANS‐CARANE
Authors: KUBIK ALEKSANDRA , PIATKOWSKI KRZYSZTOF , KUCZYNSKI HENRYK 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAusgehend von (+)‐Caren‐(3) (I) wird über die Stufen (II) und (III) die Titelverbindung (IV) synthetisiert, die durch Reduktion in das Aminocaran (V) übergeführt wird.
ChemInform Abstract: TRITERPENES PART 35, FUNCTIONALISATION OF THE LUPANE SKELETON USING BARTON′S REACTION
Authors: VYSTRCIL A. , POUZAR V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Photolyse der (2OS)‐Norlupan‐Derivate (I) führt zu den Oximen (II) und den Alkoholen (III).
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON VITAMIN D AND ITS ANALOGS PART 1, SYNTHESIS OF 1ALPHA‐HYDROXYCHOLEST‐5‐ENE
Authors: MITRA M. N. , NORMAN A. W. , OKAMURA W. H. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractCholesterin (I) kann durch Oxidation mit 2,3‐Dichlor‐5,6‐dicyano‐benzochinon und Behandlung mit Wasserstoffperoxid zu (II) umgesetzt und mit Lithiumalanat zum Diol (IIIa) reduziert werden.
ChemInform Abstract: SELECTIVE CLEAVAGE OF BENZYL ESTER BY TRIS(TRIPHENYLPHOSPHINE)RHODIUM CHLORIDE CATALYST
Authors: SUGIYAMA H. , TSUCHIYA S. , SETO S. , SENDA Y. , IMAIZUMI S. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBenzylester von Aminosäuren (I) werden durch Behandlung mit Tris‐triphenylphosphinrhodium in Gegenwart von Triäthylsilan zu den freien Aminosäuren in quantitativer Ausbeute gespalten.
ChemInform Abstract: DIE ERSTE SYNTHESE EINER MODELLVERBINDUNG VOM PAPAVERRUBINALKALOIDTYP
Authors: HOHLBRUGGER REINHARD , KLOETZER WILHELM 
Published: March 2016

AbstractMit einer im Prinzip bekannten Reaktionsfolge wird aus (‐)‐Hydrastin (I) über die Stufen (II)‐(IVb) das Rheadan (V) dargestellt.
ChemInform Abstract: ENAMIDE PHOTOCHEMISTRY, FORMATION OF OXYPROTOBERBERINES BY THE ELIMINATION OF ORTHO SUBSTITUENTS IN 2‐AROYL‐1‐METHYLENE‐1,2,3,4‐TETRAHYDROISOQUINOLINES
Authors: LENZ G. R. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAus dem Dihydro‐isochinolin (I) erhält man mit den gemischten Anhydriden (II) die 2‐Acyl‐1‐methylen‐tetrahydroisochinoline (III), die sauer zu den Acyl‐phenäthylaminen (IV) verseift werden.
ChemInform Abstract: HIGHLY STEREOSELECTIVE TOTAL SYNTHESES OF PROSTAGLANDINS VIA STEREOSPECIFIC SULFENATE‐SULFOXIDE TRANSFORMATIONS, 13CIS‐15BETA‐PROSTAGLANDINS E(1) TO PROSTAGLANDINS E(1) (PGE(1))
Authors: MILLER JOHN G. , KURZ WALTER , UNTCH KARL G. , STORK GILBERT 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBei Behandlung der dl‐Ketolester (I) mit p‐Toluolsulfenylchlorid in Gegenwart von Triäthylamin lagern sich die zunächst gebildeten Sulfenate in die Sulfoxide (II) um, die mit Trimethylphosphit stereoselektiv die dl‐PGEl‐Ester (IIIa) bzw. (IIIb) liefern.
ChemInform Abstract: STUDIES ON MIXING PART 40, CIRCULATION TIME DISTRIBUTION A MIXED CHARGE
Authors: KUDRNA V. , FORT I. , VLCEK J. , DRAZIL J. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractDie Frequenzverteilungsfunktion für die Umlaufzeit eines Festkörpertracerteilchen in einer mechanisch gemischten Charge.
ChemInform Abstract: DISPOSAL OF WASTES FROM PETROLEUM AND PETROCHEMICAL REFINERIES
Authors: ‐ ‐ 
Published: March 2016

AbstractZwölf Texte bzw. Zusammenfassungen von Vorträgen, gehalten auf dem Symposium der Division of Petroleum Chemistry, Inc., der American Chemical Society, gemeinsam mit der Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry in Atlantic City am 8.10.
Stochastic Resonance in Protein Folding Dynamics
Authors: Davtyan Aram , Platkov Max , Gruebele Martin , Papoian Garegin A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAlthough protein folding reactions are usually studied under static external conditions, it is likely that proteins fold in a locally fluctuating cellular environment in vivo. To mimic such behavior in in vitro experiments, the local temperature of the solvent can be modulated either harmonically or using correlated noise. In this study, coarse‐grained molecular simulations are used to investigate these possibilities, and it is found that both periodic and correlated random fluctuations of the environment can indeed accelerate folding kinetics if the characteristic frequencies of the applied fluctuations are commensurate with the internal timescale of the folding reaction; this is consistent with the phenomenon of stochastic resonance observed in many other condensed‐matter processes. To test this theoretical prediction, the folding dynamics of phosphoglycerate kinase under harmonic temperature fluctuations are experimentally probed using Förster resonance energy transfer fluorescence measurements. To analyze these experiments, a combination of theoretical approaches is developed, including stochastic simulations of folding kinetics and an analytical mean‐field kinetic theory. The experimental observations are consistent with the theoretical predictions of stochastic resonance in phosphoglycerate kinase folding. When combined with an alternative experiment on the protein VlsE using a power spectrum analysis, elaborated in Dave et al., ChemPhysChem 2016, 10.1002/cphc.201501041, the overall data overwhelmingly point to the experimental confirmation of stochastic resonance in protein folding dynamics.
Insight into the Mechanism of the Michael Reaction
Authors: Giraldo Carolina , Gómez Sara , Weinhold Frank , Restrepo Albeiro 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe mechanism for the nucleophilic addition step of the Michael reaction between methanethiol as a model Michael donor and several α‐substituted methyl acrylates (X=F, Cl, Me, H, CN, NO2) as model Michael acceptors is described in detail. We suggest a novel way to condense electrophilic Fukui functions at specific atoms in terms of the contributions from the atomic orbitals to the LUMO or, more generally, to the orbital controlling the reaction. This procedure correctly associates activation energies to local electrophilic Fukui indices for the cases treated in this work. The calculated reaction barriers strongly depend on the nature of the substituent. As a general rule, activation energies are governed by structural changes, although electronic factors are significant for electron‐withdrawing groups. Nucleophilic addition to Michael receptors is best described as a highly nonsynchronous process, in which the geometry of the transition state comprises a nonplanar six‐membered ring. Formation of the S⋅⋅⋅C bond, which defines the interaction between the reactants, progresses ahead of all other primitive processes in the early stages of the transformation. In view of our results, we postulate that highly complex chemical reactions, as is the case for the nucleophilic addition step studied herein, that involve cleavage/formation of a total of six bonds, lower their activation energies by favoring nonsynchronicity, that is, for these types of systems, primitive changes should advance at different rates.
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Boron β‐Diketonate Complexes with Intense Two‐Photon‐Induced Fluorescence in Solution and in the Solid State
Authors: Lanoë Pierre‐Henri , Mettra Bastien , Liao Yuan Yuan , Calin Nathalie , D'Aléo Anthony , Namikawa Tomotaka , Kamada Kenji , Fages Fréderic , Monnereau Cyrille , Andraud Chantal 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThree boron diketonate chromophores with extended π‐conjugated backbone were prepared and their spectroscopic features were investigated through a combined theoretical/experimental study. It was shown that these complexes, which undergo very large electronic reorganization upon photoexcitation, combine large two‐photon absorption cross section with an emission energy and quantum efficiency in solution that is strongly dependent on solvent polarity. The strong positive influence of boron complexation on the magnitude of the two‐photon absorption was clearly established, and it was shown that the two‐photon absorption properties were dominated by the quadrupolar term. For one of the synthesized compounds, intense one‐ and two‐photon‐induced solid‐state emission (fluorescence quantum yield of 0.65 with maximum wavelength of 610 nm) was obtained as a result of antiparallel J‐aggregate crystal packing.
Phylogeny and historical demography of endemic fishes in Lake Biwa: the ancient lake as a promoter of evolution and diversification of freshwater fishes in western Japan
Authors: Tabata Ryoichi , Kakioka Ryo , Tominaga Koji , Komiya Takefumi , Watanabe Katsutoshi 
Published: March 2016

AbstractTo elucidate the origins of the endemic fish of Lake Biwa, an ancient lake in Japan, and the role of the lake in the diversification of freshwater fish in western Japan, we established a molecular phylogenetic framework with an absolute time scale and inferred the historical demography of a large set of fish species in and around the lake. We used mtDNAsequences obtained from a total of 190 specimens, including 11 endemic species of Lake Biwa and their related species, for phylogenetic analyses with divergence time estimations and from a total of 2319 specimens of 42 species (including 14 endemics) occurring in the lake for population genetic analyses. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that some of the endemic species diverged from their closest relatives earlier (1.3–13.0 Ma) than the period in which the present environmental characteristics of the lake started to develop (ca. 0.4 Ma), whereas others diverged more recently (after 0.4 Ma). In contrast, historical demographic parameters suggested that almost all species, including endemic and nonendemic ones, expanded their populations after the development of the present lake environment. In phylogeographic analyses, common or very close haplotypes of some species were obtained from Lake Biwa and other regions of western Japan. The phylogenetic and historical demographic evidence suggests that there was a time lag between phylogenetic divergence and population establishment and that phenotypic adaptation of some endemic species to the limnetic environment occurred much later than the divergences of those endemic lineages. Population structure and phylogeographic patterns suggest that Lake Biwa has functioned not only as the center of adaptive evolution but also as a reservoir for fish diversity in western Japan.
‘Pre‐Pack Administration Sale: a Case of Sub Rosa Debt Restructuring’
Authors: Wijaya Anthony 
Published: March 2016

AbstractUnder the UK insolvency regime, debt restructuring is ordinarily achievable via a voluntary arrangement, a scheme of arrangement (“scheme”) or a combination of a scheme with administration. However, recently, there has been a growing development of companies using pre‐pack administration sale (“pre‐pack sale”) to effect a debt restructuring under the moniker of a sale of the assets of the company. This article argues that this development poses a genuine danger for the creditors and in particular the junior creditors because such transactions side‐step the protections afforded to the junior creditors in a debt restructuring, particularly a scheme. This article posits that such pre‐pack sales are essentially a sub rosa debt restructuring. Against this backdrop, this article proposes for the use of an ex ante judicial regulatory strategy through the application of the Re Tea Corporation principle to better protect the interest of the junior creditors. Copyright © 2016 INSOL International and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Copyright © 2016 INSOL International and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
High‐fat high‐sucrose diet leads to dynamic structural and inflammatory alterations in the rat vastus lateralis muscle
Authors: Collins Kelsey H. , Hart David A. , Reimer Raylene A. , Seerattan Ruth A. , Waters‐Banker Christine , Sibole Scott C. , Herzog Walter 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThe influence of obesity on muscle integrity is not well understood. The purpose of this study was to quantify structural and molecular changes in the rat vastus lateralis (VL) muscle as a function of a 12‐week obesity induction period and a subsequent adaptation period (additional 16‐weeks). Male Sprague–Dawley rats consumed a high‐fat, high‐sucrose (DIO, n = 40) diet, or a chow control‐diet (n = 14). At 12‐weeks, DIO rats were grouped as prone (DIO‐P, top 33% of weight change) or resistant (DIO‐R, bottom 33%). Animals were euthanized at 12‐ or 28‐weeks on the diet. At sacrifice, body composition was determined and VL muscles were collected. Intramuscular fat, fibrosis, and CD68+ cells were quantified histologically and relevant molecular markers were evaluated using RT‐qPCR. At 12‐ and 28‐weeks post‐obesity induction, DIO‐P rats had more mass and body fat than DIO‐R and chow rats (p < 0.05). DIO‐P and DIO‐R rats had similar losses in muscle mass, which were greater than those in chow rats (p < 0.05). mRNA levels for MAFbx/atrogin‐1 were reduced in DIO‐P and DIO‐R rats at 12‐ and 28‐weeks compared to chow rats (p < 0.05), while expression of MuRF1 was similar to chow values. DIO‐P rats demonstrated increased mRNA levels for pro‐inflammatory mediators, inflammatory cells, and fibrosis compared to DIO‐R and chow animals, despite having similar levels of intramuscular fat. The down‐regulation of MAFbx/atrogin‐1 may suggest onset of degenerative changes in VL muscle integrity of obese rats. DIO‐R animals exhibited fewer inflammatory changes compared to DIO‐P animals, suggesting a protective effect of obesity resistance on local inflammation. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 34:2069–2078, 2016.
Lasing of Nd3+ in sapphire
Authors: Waeselmann Sven H. , Heinrich Sebastian , Kränkel Christian , Huber Günter 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe present a rare‐earth‐doped sapphire laser. Single‐crystalline α‐Al2O3 films doped with trivalent neodymium have been grown by pulsed laser deposition on undoped sapphire substrates. The Nd3+ doping concentrations of the films have been varied between 0.3 at.% and 2 at.%. Epitaxial growth was proven by structural and optical characterization of the films. The samples exhibit strongly polarization dependent emission transitions from the 4F3/2 manifold with a fluorescence lifetime of 108 μs and peak emission cross sections of 1.1 × 10−18 cm2 around 1100 nm. Lasing at 1096.5 nm was achieved under Ti:sapphire‐pumping in a planar waveguide configuration with a maximum cw output power of 137 mW and a slope efficiency of 7.5% with respect to the incident pump power.
image
Availability of the lateral calcaneal region as a donor site of free flaps
Authors: Cho Seung Woo , Park Ji Ung , Kwon Sung Tack 
Published: March 2016

IntroductionVarious methods have been used for the coverage of soft‐tissue defects, such as local and free flaps, as well as perforator flaps performed using even supermicrosurgery. However, the techniques have some limitations regarding flap size and location when used to reconstruct small defects. We introduced the lateral calcaneal region as a donor site for free flaps in order to overcome these disadvantages and presented the results from a series of cases.Patients and MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed on 10 patients with small soft‐tissue defects who underwent reconstruction with a lateral calcaneal free flap between January 2011 and May 2014. The reconstruction was performed on the defects at medial and lateral plantar area, dorsum of the foot, great toes and preauricular area.ResultsThe size of the flaps ranged from 2.5 × 2.5 cm to 4.5 × 4.5 cm. The flaps exhibited complete survival in five cases. Partial necrosis occurred in three cases, two cases healed with secondary intention, and one case required a skin graft. The donor sites were treated with skin grafts and healed completely, with no complications.ConclusionLateral calcaneal free flaps have several advantages, such as anatomically constant pedicles, a pliable and thin texture, and the ability to be used as sensory flaps. They therefore represent an alternative option when conventional local or free flaps are not suitable, especially in cases of small defects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 37:494–501, 2017.
Young girl presenting with exercise‐induced myoglobinuria
Authors: Krishnaiah Balaji , Lee Jennifer Jheesoo , Wicklund Matthew Paul , Kaur Divpreet 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTIntroduction: The sarcoglycanopathies are a heterogeneous group of autosomal recessive limb‐girdle muscular dystrophies that cause varying degrees of progressive proximal muscle weakness. Methods: We describe the case of a Caucasian girl who presented with exercise intolerance, myalgia, and dark urine. Onset of symptoms was at age 4, and she had myalgia with physical activity throughout childhood. Creatine kinase levels were as high as 18,000. Results: Immunostaining of a muscle biopsy showed mildly diminished alpha sarcoglycan staining, and SGCA gene sequencing revealed n.C229T; p.Arg77Cys (R77C) and n.C850T; p.Arg284Cys (R284C), which is associated with alpha sarcoglycanopathy. Conclusions: This patient presented with exercise intolerance, myoglobinuria, and almost normal muscle strength into adolescence, which is uncommon in sarcoglycanopathies. This uncommon presentation should be kept in mind, so that early recognition and intervention may prevent future comorbidities and help preserve the quality of life. Muscle Nerve 54: 161–164, 2016
Knockout of p11 attenuates the acquisition and reinstatement of cocaine conditioned place preference in male but not in female mice
Authors: Thanos Panayotis K. , Malave Lauren , Delis Foteini , Mangine Paul , Kane Katie , Grunseich Adam , Vitale Melissa , Greengard Paul , Volkow Nora D. 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTCocaine's enhancement of dopamine signaling is crucial for its rewarding effects but its serotonergic effects are also relevant. Here we examined the role of the protein p11, which recruits serotonin 5HT1B and 5HT4 receptors to the cell surface, in cocaine reward. For this purpose we tested wild‐type (WT) and p11 knockout (KO) male and female mice for cocaine conditioned place preference (CPP) and its cocaine‐induced reinstatement at different abstinence times, after 8 days of extinction and 28 days of being home‐caged. All mice showed significant cocaine CPP. Among males, p11KO showed lower CPP than WT; this difference was also evident after 28 days of home‐cage abstinence. In contrast, in females there were no CPP differences between p11KO and WT mice at any time point tested. Cocaine priming after the 28‐day home‐cage abstinence period also resulted in lower cocaine conditioned motor activity in both male and female p11KO mice. These results suggest that cocaine CPP and its persistence during extinction and reinstatement are modulated in a sex‐differentiated manner by p11. The lack of protein p11 confers protection from CPP on male, but not female mice, immediately after cocaine conditioning as well as after prolonged abstinence, but not after short‐term withdrawal. Synapse 70:293–301, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A 3D benign paroxysmal positional vertigo model for study of otolith disease
Authors: Teixido Michael , Woods Owen , Kung Brian , Seyyedi Mohammad 
Published: March 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo develop a three‐dimensional study tool of the membranous labyrinth in order to study the pathophysiology, diagnostic workup and treatment of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). BPPV is the most common cause of peripheral vertigo. Its diagnosis and treatment depend on an understanding of the anatomy of the vestibular labyrinth and its position relative to the head. To date, many illustrations have been made to explain principals of diagnosis and treatment of BPPV, but few have been based on anatomical studies of the membranous labyrinth.MethodsA cadaveric human membranous labyrinth was axially sectioned at 20 μm resolution, stained and segmented to create a high‐resolution digital model. The model was cloned to create an enantiomeric pair of labyrinths. These were associated a 3D model of a human skull, segmented from MRI data, and were oriented according to established anatomic norms. Canal markers representing otoliths were created to mark canalith position during movement of the model within the 3D environment.ResultsThe model allows visualization of true membranous labyrinth anatomy in both ears simultaneously. The dependent portion of each semicircular duct and of the utricle can easily be visualized in any head position. Moveable markers can mark the expected progress of otolith debris with changes in head position and images can be captured to document simulations. The model can be used to simulate pathology as well as diagnostic maneuvers and treatment procedures used for BPPV. The model has great potential as a teaching tool.ConclusionA simple model based on human anatomy has been created to allow careful study of BPPV pathophysiology and treatment. Going forward, this tool could offer insights that may lead to more accurate diagnosis and treatment of BPPV.
Ferret: a user-friendly Java tool to extract data from the 1000 Genomes Project
Authors: Limou Sophie , Taverner Andrew M. , Winkler Cheryl A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Summary: The 1000 Genomes (1KG) Project provides a near-comprehensive resource on human genetic variation in worldwide reference populations. 1KG variants can be accessed through a browser and through the raw and annotated data that are regularly released on an ftp server. We developed Ferret, a user-friendly Java tool, to easily extract genetic variation information from these large and complex data files. From a locus, gene(s) or SNP(s) of interest, Ferret retrieves genotype data for 1KG SNPs and indels, and computes allelic frequencies for 1KG populations and optionally, for the Exome Sequencing Project populations. By converting the 1KG data into files that can be imported into popular pre-existing tools (e.g. PLINK and HaploView), Ferret offers a straightforward way, even for non-bioinformatics specialists, to manipulate, explore and merge 1KG data with the user’s dataset, as well as visualize linkage disequilibrium pattern, infer haplotypes and design tagSNPs.
Availability and implementation: Ferret tool and source code are publicly available at http://limousophie35.github.io/Ferret/.
Contact: ferret@nih.gov
Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.