bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Production of Biomass‐Based Automotive Lubricants by Reductive Etherification
Authors: Jadhav Deepak , Grippo Adam M. , Shylesh Sankaranarayanapillai , Gokhale Amit A. , Redshaw John , Bell Alexis T. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGrowing concern with the effects of CO2 emissions due to the combustion of petroleum‐based transportation fuels has motivated the search for means to increase engine efficiency. The discovery of ethers with low viscosity presents an important opportunity to improve engine efficiency and fuel economy. We show here a strategy for the catalytic synthesis of such ethers by reductive etherification/O‐alkylation of alcohols using building blocks that can be sourced from biomass. We find that long‐chain branched ethers have several properties that make them superior lubricants to the mineral oil and synthetic base oils used today. These ethers provide a class of potentially renewable alternatives to conventional lubricants produced from petroleum and may contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases associated with vehicle emissions.
Disruptive natural selection predicts divergence between the sexes during adaptive radiation
Authors: De Lisle Stephen P. , Rowe Locke 
Published: April 2017

AbstractEvolution of sexual dimorphism in ecologically relevant traits, for example, via resource competition between the sexes, is traditionally envisioned to stall the progress of adaptive radiation. An alternative view is that evolution of ecological sexual dimorphism could in fact play an important positive role by facilitating sex‐specific adaptation. How competition‐driven disruptive selection, ecological sexual dimorphism, and speciation interact during real adaptive radiations is thus a critical and open empirical question. Here, we examine the relationships between these three processes in a clade of salamanders that has recently radiated into divergent niches associated with an aquatic life cycle. We find that morphological divergence between the sexes has occurred in a combination of head shape traits that are under disruptive natural selection within breeding ponds, while divergence among species means has occurred independently of this disruptive selection. Further, we find that adaptation to aquatic life is associated with increased sexual dimorphism across taxa, consistent with the hypothesis of clade‐wide character displacement between the sexes. Our results suggest the evolution of ecological sexual dimorphism may play a key role in niche divergence among nascent species and demonstrate that ecological sexual dimorphism and ecological speciation can and do evolve concurrently in the early stages of adaptive radiation.
Role of TLR4 and miR‐155 in peripheral blood mononuclear cell‐mediated inflammatory reaction in coronary slow flow and coronary arteriosclerosis patients
Authors: Huang Jiangyan , Yang Qin , He Longmiao , Huang Jun 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundTo study the role of toll‐like receptor 4 (TLR4) and MicroRNA‐155 (miR‐155) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)‐mediated inflammation in coronary slow flow (CSF) and coronary arteriosclerosis.MethodsPatients were divided into acute coronary syndrome (ACS), stable angina pectoris (SAP), CSF, and healthy control (HC) groups. The isolated PBMCs were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/and antagomiR‐155. TLR4, miR‐155, and the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐1, and IL‐10 were measured.ResultsBefore LPS intervention, the TLR4, TNF‐α, IL‐1, and IL‐6 levels were higher and the level of miR‐155, IL‐10 was lower in the ACS group compared with the SAP, CSF, and HC groups. After exposure to LPS, the levels of TLR4, miR‐155, TNF‐α, IL‐1, and IL‐6 were increased and the level of IL‐10 was decreased in the SAP and CSF groups compared with the HC group. But when over‐expressing antagomiR‐155 into PBMCs from SAP and CSF groups, the miR‐155 expression, and TNF‐α, IL‐6, and IL‐1 secretion increase induced by LPS were restrained.ConclusionsTLR4, miR‐155, and inflammatory cytokines may be closely related to ACS. LPS can induce TLR4, miR‐155 expression and inflammatory response in SAP and CSF patients. AntagomiR‐155 can inhibit this inflammatory response.
Lipase B of Candida antarctica co‐adsorbed with polyols onto TiO2 nanoparticles for improved biocatalytic performance
Authors: Llerena Suster Carlos R , Toledo María Victoria , Fittipaldi Antonela S , Morcelle Susana R , Briand Laura E 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe immobilization of the lipase B of Candida antarctica CALB over TiO2 nanoparticles was thoroughly investigated with the isotherms of adsorption at various temperatures with and without the addition of sorbitol and glycerol. The surface composition, secondary structure and the effect of the addition of the polyols was addressed.RESULTSThe maximum dispersion limit of protein on TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) is 0.073 ± 0.007 µmol m−2. Glycerol and sorbitol co‐adsorb on the TiO2 NPs reaching 45% of the surface composition of the biocatalyst. The optimized material was able to catalyze the esterification of 52% of R/S‐ibuprofen with ethanol (0.31 ± 0.01 µmol min−1 mg−1) with 41% of enantiomeric excess towards S(+)‐ibuprofen in 24 h reaction. Under similar reaction conditions, the commercial counterpart Novozym® 435 showed 34% conversion (0.091 ± 0.003 µmol min−1 mg−1) and 16% of enantiomeric excess.CONCLUSIONSThe molecular association between the protein and the polyols exerts a positive cooperativism which prevents aggregation of the protein and protects its active conformation. The residual esterase activity of the immobilized CALB compared with the free lipase depends directly on the amount of co‐adsorbed polyols. Moreover, polyols boost the catalytic performance in the kinetic resolution of racemic ibuprofen showing an optimum at the maximum coverage of polyols on the biocatalysts. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Paradoxical high augmentation index in females with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Nishizaki Yuji , Mizuno Atsushi , Miyauchi Katsumi , Okazaki Shinya , Yamazoe Masahiro , Komatsu Ikki , Asano Taku , Konishi Hirokazu , Naito Ryo , Tamura Hiroshi , Mitsuhashi Hirotsugu , Nishi Yutaro , Niwa Koichiro , Daida Hiroyuki 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and augmentation index (AIx) remains unclear. We conducted an observational cross‐sectional study. Subjects were patients who underwent coronary angiography. We examined the relationship between high AIx and several factors. The total number of diabetic patients was 144, and median AIx was 0.256. In diabetic patients, the significant relationship between female gender and high AIx (median cut‐off value, ≥0.256) was found by the multivariate logistic analysis (adjusted odds ratio = 2.888; 95% confidence interval: 1.032‐8.081). The significant relationship between female gender and high AIx was found in patients with DM.
Diffusion‐Weighted and Magnetization Transfer Imaging in Testicular Spermatogenic Function Evaluation: Preliminary Results
Authors: Wang Huanjun , Guan Jian , Lin Jinhua , Zhang Zhongwei , Li Shurong , Guo Yan , Cai Huasong 
Published: April 2017

PurposeTo assess the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion‐weighted MRI (DWI) and magnetization transfer MRI (MTI) in evaluating male infertility.Materials and MethodsSixteen men with testicular spermatogenesis hypofunction confirmed by percutaneous testis biopsy and 31 volunteers (control group B, age range: 20–40 years) with normal semen analysis including younger (By, n = 15, age range: 20–30 years) and older (Bo, n = 16, age range: 31–40 years) men underwent pelvic 3T MRI, including DWI and MTI. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) were compared.ResultsThe ADCs in 32 testes of 16 patients (0.497 ± 0.037 × 10‐3 mm2/s) were significantly (P < 0.001) higher than that of control group B (0.460 ± 0.031 × 10‐3 mm2/s), group By (0.453 ± 0.018 × 10‐3 mm2/s), and group Bo (0.461 ± 0.034 × 10‐3 mm2/s), whereas the MTRs were significantly lower than that of group B (16.14 ± 4.20), group By (17.88 ± 2.00), and group Bo (15.09 ± 4.28) (P < 0.001).ConclusionFunctional MRI, including DWI and MTI, appears promising for evaluating male infertility with higher ADC and lower MTR in testicular spermatogenesis hypofunction.Level of Evidence: 2Technical Efficacy: Stage 2J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:186–190.
Trimodality therapy for Pancoast tumors: T4 is not a contraindication to radical surgery
Authors: Waseda Ryuichi , Klikovits Thomas , Hoda Mir Alireza , Hoetzenecker Konrad , Bertoglio Pietro , Dieckmann Karin , Zöchbauer‐Müller Sabine , Pirker Robert , Prosch Helmut , Döme Balazs , Klepetko Walter 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the impact of T stage and extended surgery on the outcome of patients with Pancoast tumors after induction chemoradiation therapy.MethodsForty‐six consecutive patients who underwent chemoradiation therapy (platin‐based, 45‐66 Gy) followed by surgery between 1998 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.ResultsIn 28 (61%) patients with T4 tumors, extended procedures (more than rib resection) were performed. There were 37 (80%) lobectomies, 6 (13%) pneumonectomies, and 3 (7%) sublobar resections. A total of 44 (96%) patients had R0 resection. About 30‐day mortality was 0%, major surgical complications occurred in 9 (19.6%) patients. Overall survival (OS) at 5‐years was 63%. Disease‐free survival (DFS) at 5‐years was 45%. At multivariate cox regression analysis adjusted for clinical factors, T factor (T3/T4) and extended surgical procedures did not impact survival. However, pathological positive N stage had a negative impact on OS and lack of pathological response negatively impacted both OS and DFS.ConclusionTrimodality treatment including radical resection for Pancoast tumors provides good surgical outcome and favorable long‐term results. Survival of patients with T4 tumors and extended surgical procedures comparable to that of patients with T3 tumors undergoing rib resection only.
Investigating hyperventilation syndrome in patients suffering from empty nose syndrome
Authors: Mangin David , Bequignon Emilie , Zerah‐Lancner Francoise , Isabey Daniel , Louis Bruno , Adnot Serge , Papon Jean‐François , Coste André , Boyer Laurent , Devars du Mayne Marie 
Published: April 2017

Objectives/HypothesisPatients with empty nose syndrome (ENS) following turbinate surgery often complain about breathing difficulties. We set out to determine if dyspnea in patients with ENS was associated with hyperventilation syndrome (HVS). We hypothesized that lower airway symptoms in ENS could be explained by HVS.Study DesignObservational prospective study.MethodsAll consecutive patients referred to our center for ENS over 1 year were invited to participate. Patients completed the Nijmegen score and underwent a hyperventilation provocation test (HVPT) and arterial blood gas and cardiopulmonary tests. HVS was defined by a delayed return of the end‐tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the expired gas to baseline during HVPT. Patients with HVS were asked to complete the Sinonasal Outcome Test (SNOT)‐16 questionnaire before and after a specific eight‐session respiratory rehabilitation program.ResultsTwenty‐two of the 29 patients referred for ENS during the study period were eligible for inclusion and underwent a complete workup. HVS was diagnosed in 17 of these patients (77.3%). In the five patients who completed the SNOT‐16, the score was significantly lower after rehabilitation.ConclusionsThis study suggests that HVS is frequent in patients with ENS, and that symptoms can be improved by respiratory rehabilitation. Pathophysiological links between ENS and HVS deserve to be further explored.Level of Evidence2b Laryngoscope, 127:1983–1988, 2017
Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy in patients under 30 years old: Neurophysiological data and proposed electrodiagnostic criteria
Authors: Robert‐Varvat Florence , Jousserand Guillemette , Bouhour Françoise , Vial Christophe , Cintas Pascal , Echaniz‐Laguna Andoni , Delmont Emilien , Clavelou Pierre , Chauplannaz Guy , Jomir Laurent , Pereon Yann , Leonard‐Louis Sarah , Manel Veronique , Antoine Jean‐Christophe , Lacour Arnaud , Camdessanche Jean‐Philippe 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTIntroduction: In young patients with mononeuropathy who lack family history and precipitating factors, hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) may be a possibility. Our objective is to propose neurophysiological criteria for HNPP in patients <30 years of age. Methods: We conducted a national multicenter retrospective clinical and neurophysiological study in patients under 30 with genetically confirmed HNPP. Results: All of the 51 patients included in the study had at least 1 demyelinating pattern in 2 asymptomatic nerves, and 3 abnormalities were found in almost 90%, including slowed motor nerve conduction velocity across the elbow in at least 1 ulnar nerve (97.5%), increased distal motor latency (DML) in at least 1 fibular nerve (95.8%), and increased DML in both median nerves (89%). Age influenced DML slightly only in the fibular nerve. Discussion: Dissemination of nerve involvement in HNPP incites to perform a complete nerve conduction study. including bilateral ulnar, fibular, and median nerves. Muscle Nerve 57: 217–221, 2018
Time to and predictors of dual incontinence in older nursing home admissions
Authors: Bliss Donna Z. , Gurvich Olga V. , Eberly Lynn E. , Harms Susan 
Published: April 2017

AimsThere are few studies of nursing home residents that have investigated the development of dual incontinence, perhaps the most severe type of incontinence as both urinary and fecal incontinence occur. To determine the time to and predictors of dual incontinence in older nursing home residents.MethodsUsing a cohort design, records of older nursing home admissions who were continent or had only urinary or only fecal incontinence (n = 39,181) were followed forward for report of dual incontinence. Four national US datasets containing potential predictors at multiple levels describing characteristics of nursing home residents, nursing homes (n = 445), and socioeconomic and sociodemographic status of the community surrounding nursing homes were analyzed. A Cox proportional hazard regression with nursing home‐specific random effect was used.ResultsAt 6 months after admission, 28% of nursing home residents developed dual incontinence, at 1 year 42% did so, and at 2 years, 61% had dual incontinence. Significant predictors for time to developing dual incontinence were having urinary incontinence, greater functional or cognitive deficits, more comorbidities, older age, and lesser quality of nursing home care.ConclusionsThe development of dual incontinence is a major problem among nursing home residents. Predictors in this study offer guidance in developing interventions to prevent and reduce the time to developing this problem which may improve the quality of life of nursing residents.
Tolterodine ER reduced increased bladder wall thickness in women with overactive bladder. A randomized, placebo‐controlled, double‐blind, parallel group study
Authors: Bray Rhiannon , Cartwright Rufus , Cardozo Linda , Hill Simon , Guan Zhonghong , Khullar Vik 
Published: April 2017

AimsWe evaluated the effect of Tolterodine extended release (TER) versus placebo on bladder wall thickness (BWT) using transvaginal ultrasound in women with overactive bladder (OAB).Materials and MethodsWe recruited 79 women with symptoms of OAB with a mean age of 47 years who had a BWT of at least 5 mm and a post‐micturition volume of less than 50 mL at screening. Subjects received TER 4 mg or placebo once daily for the first 12 weeks of the study. For the subsequent 12 weeks, all subjects received TER 4 mg once daily. BWT was measured at screening, weeks 12 and 24. Subjects recorded number of micturitions, incontinence episodes and urgency episodes, and volume voided per micturition at regular intervals during the study.ResultsTreatment with TER for 12 weeks produced a statistically significant decrease from baseline in BWT (mean [SD] = 0.9 [1.4] mm; P < 0.05) that was not evident following treatment with placebo (0.2 [1.6] mm; P = 0.54). However, the treatment difference did not reach statistical significance (LS Mean = −0.4; 95%CI: −1.2, 0.3; P = 0.25). After 12 weeks of treatment, subjects who had taken TER showed an improvement in each bladder diary variable compared to placebo‐treated subjects.ConclusionsTER may have a direct effect on BWT in women with OAB. Larger studies are warranted to further investigate the effect of behavioral interventions and antimuscarinics, such as TER, on BWT in women with OAB and increased BWT.
Efficacy and safety of onabotulinumtoxinA injection in patients with refractory overactive bladder: First multicentric study in Turkish population
Authors: Onem Kadir , Bayrak Omer , Demirtas Abdullah , Coskun Burhan , Dincer Murat , Kocak Izzet , Onur Rahmi ,   Turkish Urology Academy, Incontinence/Neurourology Study Group
Published: April 2017

AimsTo investigate the efficacy and safety of intradetrusor onabotulinumtoxinA (onaBoNT‐A) injection in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) refractory to antimuscarinic treatment.MethodsA total of 80 patients with OAB symptoms were enrolled in this prospective multicenter study and received 100 U intradetrusor onaBoNT‐A injection.The changes from baseline in the frequency of voiding, urge urinary incontinence (UI) and urge episodes, mean and maximum bladder capacities, uroflowmetry, post‐void residual urine volume (PVR), quality of life score, and treatment benefit scale score were assessed. The need for a second injection,and treatment‐related adverse events were also examined postoperatively.ResultsOnaBoNT‐A injection significantly decreased the UI episodes(P = 0.0001), the mean voiding frequency (P = 0.0001), and the urgency episodes (P = 0.0001) in the third month compared to baseline. Similarly, the mean bladder capacity, and maximal bladder capacity were increased (P < 0,05). The quality of life scores improved by 57.1% compared to the pre‐treatment rate (P = 0,0001). No significant change was observed in the PVR or maximum flow rate. Urinary retention developed in 3 (3.75%) patients and urinary infection and transient hematuria were observed in five patients (6.25%) each. The UI episodes, voiding frequency and urgency episodes were significantly lower at the 9th month than at baseline (all P = 0.0001). Overall 67% of the patients continued to experience benefits from the injection. Sixteen patients (20%) required a second injection in the third month. Eight patients were lost to follow‐up at the last visit in the 9th month, and 34 of the remaining 56 patients required a second injection at the 9th month. Cumulatively, 50 (63%) patients needed re‐injections.ConclusionsOur results demonstrated that the onaBoNT‐A injection produced significant improvement in all OAB symptoms with a low incidence of treatment related adverse events.
Increased energy intake following sleep restriction in men and women: A one‐size‐fits‐all conclusion?
Authors: McNeil Jessica , St‐Onge Marie‐Pierre 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveThis study assessed the degree of interindividual responses in energy intake (EI) to an imposed sleep restriction versus habitual sleep duration protocol. It also investigated participant (age, sex, ethnicity, and BMI) and study (study site and protocol order) characteristics as potential contributors to the variance in EI responses to sleep restriction between individuals.MethodsData from two randomized crossover trials were combined. All participants (n = 43; age: 31 ± 7 years, BMI: 23 ± 2 kg/m2) were free of medical/sleep conditions, were nonsmokers, reported not performing shift work, and had an average sleep duration of 7 to 9 hours per night. Ad libitum, 24‐hour EI was objectively assessed following sleep restriction (3.5‐4 hours in bed per night) and habitual sleep (7‐9 hours in bed per night) conditions.ResultsLarge interindividual variations in EI change (ΔEI) between restricted and habitual sleep conditions were noted (−813 to 1437 kcal/d). Only phase order was associated with ΔEI (β = −568 kcal/d, 95% confidence interval for β = −921 to −215 kcal/d; P = 0.002); participants randomized to the habitual sleep condition first had greater increases in EI when sleep was restricted (P = 0.01).ConclusionsLarge interindividual variations in ΔEI following sleep restriction were noted, suggesting that not all participants were negatively impacted by the effects of sleep restriction.
Tin, Bismuth, and Tin–Bismuth Alloy Electrodeposition from Chlorometalate Salts in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Vieira Luciana , Burt Jennifer , Richardson Peter W. , Schloffer Daniel , Fuchs David , Moser Alwin , Bartlett Philip N. , Reid Gillian , Gollas Bernhard 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe electrodeposition of tin, bismuth, and tin–bismuth alloys from SnII and BiIII chlorometalate salts in the choline chloride/ethylene glycol (1:2 molar ratio) deep eutectic solvent was studied on glassy carbon and gold by cyclic voltammetry, rotating disc voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. The SnII‐containing electrolyte showed one voltammetric redox process corresponding to SnII/Sn0. The diffusion coefficient of [SnCl3]−, detected as the dominating species by Raman spectroscopy, was determined from Levich and Cottrell analyses. The BiIII‐containing electrolyte showed two voltammetric reduction processes, both attributed to BiIII/Bi0. Dimensionless current/time transients revealed that the electrodeposition of both Sn and Bi on glassy carbon proceeded by 3D‐progressive nucleation at a low overpotential and changed to instantaneous at higher overpotentials. The nucleation rate of Bi on glassy carbon was considerably smaller than that of Sn. Elemental Sn and Bi were electrodeposited on Au‐coated glass slides from their respective salt solutions, as were Sn–Bi alloys from a 2:1 SnII/BiIII solution. The biphasic Sn–Bi alloys changed from a Bi‐rich composition to a Sn‐rich composition by making the deposition potential more negative.
Coil‐helix and sheet‐helix block copolymers via macroinitiation from telechelic ROMP polymers
Authors: Elacqua Elizabeth , Croom Anna , Lye Diane S. , Weck Marcus 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTCoil‐helix and sheet‐helix block copolymers are synthesized by combining the ring‐opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of norbornene or paracyclophanediene with the anionic polymerization of phenyl isocyanide. Key to the design is the use of an μ‐ethynyl palladium (II) functionalized chain‐transfer agent (CTA) that can be exploited in a stepwise manner for the termination of ROMP and the initiation of the anionic polymerization. Both the coil‐ and sheet‐macroinitiators, and the ensuing covalent block copolymers, are analyzed using 1H NMR spectroscopy and gel‐permeation chromatography. In all cases, the Pd‐end group is maintained and all polymers demonstrate a monomodal distribution with dispersities (Đ) of 1.1–1.4. The resulting helix‐coil and helix‐sheet block copolymers formed by the macroinitiation route still demonstrate their intrinsic properties (fluorescence, preferential helix‐sense). © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2991–2998
Grubbs‐inspired metathesis in the Moore group
Authors: Moneypenny Timothy P. , Liu Huiying , Yang Anna , Robertson Ian D. , Moore Jeffrey S. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTAlkene metathesis has proven to be a powerful method for carboncarbon bond formation, particularly in the field of polymer and materials science. The availability of various tailor‐made catalysts not only enables the synthesis of well‐defined polymers but facilitates the development of functional, stimuli–responsive materials. This highlight, dedicated to Professor Robert Grubbs on his 75th birthday, focuses on the various research efforts in our group utilizing both alkene and alkyne metatheses and the interesting materials derived from them. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017, 55, 2935–2948