bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characteristics and clinical outcomes of repeat endovascular therapy after infrapopliteal balloon angioplasty in patients with critical limb ischemia
Authors: Kobayashi Norihiro , Hirano Keisuke , Yamawaki Masahiro , Araki Motoharu , Sakai Tsuyoshi , Sakamoto Yasunari , Mori Shinsuke , Tsutsumi Masakazu , Honda Yohsuke , Tokuda Takahiro , Makino Kenji , Shirai Shigemitsu , Ito Yoshiaki 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesWe clarified characteristics and clinical outcomes of critical limb ischemia (CLI) patients who underwent repeat endovascular therapy (EVT) for infrapopliteal lesions.BackgroundHigh restenosis rate after infrapopliteal EVT remains a major concern.MethodsPatients with CLI who underwent EVT between April 2007 and February 2014, were divided into the following three groups according to how often EVT was repeated: Group A, no repeat of EVT; Group B, EVT repeated once/twice; and Group C, EVT repeated ≥3 times.ResultsWound healing rates at 1 year were 93.9% in Group A, 77.1% in Group B, and 27.3% in Group C (P < 0.001). Limb salvage rates at 3 years were 93.0, 88.5, and 57.1%, respectively (P = 0.001). Amputation‐free survival rates at 3 years were 60.8, 51.2, and 29.2%, respectively (P = 0.019). Multivariate analysis revealed that hemodialysis (OR 3.413, 95% CI 1.263–9.225, P = 0.016), low ejection fraction (OR 7.758, 1.049–57.360, P = 0.045), and clinical stage assessed by SVS WIfI (OR 2.440, 1.417–4.203, P = 0.001) were independent predictors of repeat EVT. The rate of requirement for repeat EVT significantly increased as clinical stage became more severe (repeat EVT rate: 0% in CS 1, 28.6% in CS 2, 34.0% in CS 3, and 45.7% in CS 4, P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe clinical outcomes of CLI patients requiring repeat EVT three or more times were poor. The SVS WIfI clinical stage may be useful to predict the necessity of repeat EVT.
Structurally Stable Mesoporous Hierarchical NiMoO4 Hollow Nanofibers for Asymmetric Supercapacitors with Enhanced Capacity and Improved Cycling Stability
Authors: Sudheendra Budhiraju Venkata , Sharma Ashutosh , Sivakumar Sri 
Published: August 2017

AbstractHerein, we report, for the first time, the facile synthesis of four different mesoporous hierarchical structures of NiMoO4 through electrospinning: solid nanofibers, porous nanofibers, hollow nanofibers, and microplates of NiMoO4. All of these structures were investigated as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Amongst these, hollow NiMoO4 nanofibers demonstrated superior electrochemical performance with a high specific capacity of 214 mAh g−1 (1920 F g−1) at a current density of 2 A g−1 and a capacity retention of 92 % after 3000 cycles. An asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated from a hollow NiMoO4 nanofiber cathode and an activated carbon anode displayed a high specific capacity of 49 mAh g−1 (110 F g−1) at a current density of 1 A g−1 and a capacity retention of 97 % after 5000 cycles. At this current density, the device delivered a high energy density of 39 Wh Kg−1 and a power density of 798 W Kg−1 at a relatively high mass loading of 5 mg cm−2 of active material on the substrate. This impressive performance of hollow NiMoO4 nanofibers could be attributed to their mesoporous surface with high specific surface area (ca. 105 m2 g−1), the hollow core and the interconnectedness of the fibers that improve the electrolyte penetration, increase the rate of the surface redox reactions and allow for faster transport of the charges.
Supramolecular Host–Guest Inclusion for Distinguishing Cucurbit[7]uril‐Based Pseudorotaxanes from Small‐Molecule Ligands in Coordination Assembly with a Uranyl Center
Authors: Mei Lei , Xie Zhen‐Ni , Hu Kong‐qiu , Yuan Li‐Yong , Gao Zeng‐Qiang , Chai Zhi‐Fang , Shi Wei‐Qun 
Published: August 2017

AbstractAlthough the capability of supramolecular pseudorotaxane/rotaxane systems as ligands for coordination with actinides has been identified by the on‐going emerging of uranyl–organic polyrotaxane compounds, it is, however, still unknown how supramolecular inclusion affects the coordination assembly of the simple “axle” ligand with uranyl species. Herein, a semi‐rigid organic dicarboxylate compound [BzBPCEt]Br2 (L1) is selected as a small‐molecule “axle” ligand and the corresponding cucurbit[7]uril (CB7)‐based [2]pseudorotaxane ligand, [BzBPCEt]Br2@CB7 (L1@CB7) has been also synthesized through CB7‐based inclusion in this work. A detailed comparison between uranyl complexes from the “axle” ligand L1 and those from pseudorotaxane L1@CB7 has been conducted, demonstrating the significant role of CB7‐based inclusion in distinguishing supramolecular pseudorotaxane ligands from small‐molecule dicarboxylates in uranyl coordination assembly. Notably, the impact of supramolecular inclusion on the “axle” linker in the system with cucurbituril macrocycles involved is established for the first time. Detailed structure decipherment suggests that the significant effect of CB7 is attributed to hydrothermal stabilization of the “axle” ligand or increased steric hindrance to the groups nearby originated from the bulky size of macrocyclic CB7.
Reductive Eliminations from Diarylpalladium(II) Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Computational Investigation
Authors: Gensch Tobias , Thoran Robert , Richter Nils , Knölker Hans‐Joachim 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe diverse mechanisms for the reductive elimination of biaryl compounds from diarylpalladium(II) complexes with a tetradentate ligand were investigated through a combined experimental and computational study. At least four distinct chemical triggers with specific regioselectivity exist for this elimination. Heating of the complexes in inert solvents (e.g., para‐xylene) reveals their relatively high thermal stability as reflected by a very high barrier for a unimolecular reductive elimination. In contrast, electron‐donor ligands like triphenylphosphine induce a facile reductive elimination via twofold associative ligand exchange as confirmed by kinetic experiments, which are in good agreement with the computational results. Oxidants, such as H2O2, can trigger an oxidation‐induced reductive elimination via palladium(IV) intermediates at room temperature. Rearrangement of the diarylpalladium(II) complexes can occur in organic acids, facilitating a reductive elimination with distinct regiochemical outcome.
(CF3)3Au as a Highly Acidic Organogold(III) Fragment
Authors: Pérez‐Bitrián Alberto , Baya Miguel , Casas José M. , Falvello Larry R. , Martín Antonio , Menjón Babil 
Published: August 2017

AbstractThe Lewis acidity of perfluorinated trimethylgold (CF3)3Au was assessed by theoretical and experimental methods. It was found that the (CF3)3Au unit is much more acidic than its nonfluorinated analogue (CH3)3Au, and probably sets the upper limit of the acidity scale for neutral organogold(III) species R3Au. The significant acidity increase on fluorination is in line with the CF3 group being more electron‐withdrawing than CH3. The solvate (CF3)3Au⋅OEt2 (1) is presented as a convenient synthon of the unsaturated, 14‐electron species (CF3)3Au. Thus, the weakly coordinated ether molecule in 1 is readily replaced by a variety of neutral ligands (L) to afford a wide range of (CF3)3Au⋅L compounds, which were isolated and characterized. Most of these mononuclear compounds exhibit marked thermal stability. This enhanced stabilization can be rationalized in terms of substantially stronger [Au]−L interactions with the (CF3)3Au unit. An affinity scale of this single‐site, highly acidic organogold(III) fragment was calculated by DFT methods and experimentally mapped for various neutral monodentate ligands. The high‐energy profile calculated for the fluorotropic [Au]−CF3⇌F−[Au]←CF2 process makes this potential decomposition path unfavorable and adds to the general stabilization of the fragment.
Study of the effect of the operating parameters on the separation of bioactive compounds of palm oil by ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography using a design of experiments approach
Authors: de Souza Guedes Luciana , Jardim Isabel Cristina Sales Fontes , de Melo Lucília Vilela , Beppu Marisa Massumi , Breitkreitz Márcia Cristina , Santana Cesar Costapinto 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this study, an analytical method based on Design of Experiments and response surface methodology for the separation of lycopene, beta‐carotene, coenzyme Q10, and lutein was developed by ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography technique. A Central Composite Design was used to evaluate the influence of temperature, pressure, and ethanol percentage on the retention and separation factors of these compounds. In the designed experiments, the temperature was varied between 25 and 50 °C (298 and 323 K), the pressure within the interval of 1500 and 2200 psi (10 and 15 MPa), and the ethanol percentage between 15 and 24 (v/v) %. Each variable was tested at 3 levels and 5 replicated central points were added. It was found for the studied system that the ethanol percentage and pressure were the parameters that most influenced the retention factors whereas the ethanol percentage, pressure, and temperature affected the separation factors. Quadratic models were necessary to describe the retention and separation of these compounds. Furthermore, interactions among the factors were observed, justifying the DOE approach used in this work. Considering the retention and separation factors, the selected operating conditions for further experiments were: 15.5 % of ethanol at 40 °C (313 K) and 1500 psi (10 MPa).
A novel modulation technique with interleaved‐and‐shifted shoot‐through state placement for quasi‐Z‐source inverters
Authors: Wang Shun‐Chung , Liu Yi‐Hua , Cheng Yu‐Shan , Peng Bo‐Ruei 
Published: August 2017

SummaryIn this paper, a single‐phase quasi‐Z‐source (qZS) inverter (qZSI), integrating the pulse width modulation (PWM) control with interleaved‐and‐shifted shoot‐through state (STS) placement modulation technique, is proposed to simultaneously achieve both dc voltage boost and dc‐ac inversion. Instead of placing the STS in both inverter legs simultaneously, the addressed method inserts the STS only in left/right inverter leg separately during the positive/negative half cycle of the output voltage to reduce switching losses and thermal stresses of the power devices. The STS shift is also studied to decrease the switching numbers of power devices and thus can improve the efficiency further. Theoretical analysis and design guidelines of the studied inverter are included. Improvement in effectiveness and performance of the devised scheme and modulation strategy are proved experimentally and compared with the previous studies on a built laboratory prototype.
The combined application of urinary liquid‐based cytology with fluorescence in situ hybridization and p16/Ki‐67 dual immunostaining is valuable for improving the early diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinomas
Authors: Sun Xueqi , Liu Xubin , Xia Meng , Yang Shicong , Fei Lingyan , Zhang Mengqi , Ma Hanyu , Wang Liantang , Chen Shangwu , Yu Li 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic values of urine liquid‐based cytology (LBC), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and p16/Ki‐67 dual immunostaining in the detection of upper tract urothelial carcinomas (UTUCs).MethodsSixty‐one patients with UTUCs were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were diagnosed both by urine cytology and by FISH, and histologically confirmed as UTUCs. Thirty‐two patients had been stained with p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling.ResultsThe sensitivities for low‐grade UTUCs (LGUTUCs) and high‐grade UTUCs (HGUTUCs) were 33.3% and 67.4% by LBC, 60% and 69.6% by FISH, and 12.5% and 66.7% by p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling, respectively.ConclusionsOur results indicated that LBC was more suitable to identify HGUTUCs, FISH was highly valuable for predicting LGUTUCs, and p16/Ki‐67 dual labeling was useful for distinguishing HGUTUCs from LGUTUCs. The combined application of these methods may improve the sensitivity or accuracy in the detection or diagnosis of UTUCs.
Symbiosis constraints: Strong mycobiont control limits nutrient response in lichens
Authors: Palmqvist Kristin , Franklin Oskar , Näsholm Torgny 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSymbioses such as lichens are potentially threatened by drastic environmental changes. We used the lichen Peltigera aphthosa—a symbiosis between a fungus (mycobiont), a green alga (Coccomyxa sp.), and N2‐fixing cyanobacteria (Nostoc sp.)—as a model organism to assess the effects of environmental perturbations in nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P). Growth, carbon (C) and N stable isotopes, CNP concentrations, and specific markers were analyzed in whole thalli and the partners after 4 months of daily nutrient additions in the field. Thallus N was 40% higher in N‐fertilized thalli, amino acid concentrations were twice as high, while fungal chitin but not ergosterol was lower. Nitrogen also resulted in a thicker algal layer and density, and a higher δ13C abundance in all three partners. Photosynthesis was not affected by either N or P. Thallus growth increased with light dose independent of fertilization regime. We conclude that faster algal growth compared to fungal lead to increased competition for light and CO2 among the Coccomyxa cells, and for C between alga and fungus, resulting in neither photosynthesis nor thallus growth responded to N fertilization. This suggests that the symbiotic lifestyle of lichens may prevent them from utilizing nutrient abundance to increase C assimilation and growth.
Predicting the establishment success of introduced target species in grassland restoration by functional traits
Authors: Engst Karina , Baasch Annett , Bruelheide Helge 
Published: August 2017

AbstractSpecies‐rich semi‐natural grasslands are highly endangered habitats in Central Europe and numerous restoration efforts have been made to compensate for the losses in the last decades. However, some plant species could become more easily established than others. The establishment success of 37 species was analyzed over 6 years at two study sites of a restoration project in Germany where hay transfer and sowing of threshing material in combination with additional sowing were applied. The effects of the restoration method applied, time since the restoration took place, traits related to germination, dispersal, and reproduction, and combinations of these traits on the establishment were analyzed. While the specific restoration method of how seeds were transferred played a subordinate role, the establishment success depended in particular on traits such as flower season or the lifeform. Species flowering in autumn, such as Pastinaca sativa and Serratula tinctoria, became established better than species flowering in other seasons, probably because they could complete their life cycle, resulting in increasingly stronger seed pressure with time. Geophytes, like Allium angulosum and Galium boreale, became established very poorly, but showed an increase with study duration. For various traits, we found significant trait by method and trait by year interactions, indicating that different traits promoted establishment under different conditions. Using a multi‐model approach, we tested whether traits acted in combination. For the first years and the last year, we found that models with three traits explained establishment success better than models with a single trait or two traits. While traits had only an additive effect on the establishment success in the first years, trait interactions became important thereafter. The most important trait was the season of flowering, which occurred in all best models from the third year onwards. Overall, our approach revealed the potential of functional trait analysis to predict success in restoration projects.
Rhododendron aureum Georgi formed a special soil microbial community and competed with above‐ground plants on the tundra of the Changbai Mountain, China
Authors: Wang Xiaolong , Li Lin , Zhao Wei , Zhao Jiaxin , Chen Xia 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRhododendron aureum Georgi is a perennial evergreen dwarf shrub that grows at all elevations within the alpine tundra of northern China. Previous research has investigated the plant communities of R. aureum; however, little information is available regarding interspecific competition and underground soil microbial community composition. The objective of our study was to determine whether the presence of R. aureum creates a unique soil microbiome and to investigate the relationship between R. aureum and other plant species. Our study site ranged from 1,800 to 2,600 m above sea level on the northern slope of the Changbai Mountain. The results show that the soil from sites with an R. aureum community had a higher abundance of nitrogen‐fixing bacteria and a higher resistance to pathogens than soils from sites without R. aureum. We emphasize that R. aureum promotes a unique soil microbial community structure that is distinct from those associated with other plants. Elevation and microbial biomass were the main influencing factors for plant community structure. Analysis of interspecific relationships reveals that R. aureum is negatively associated with most other dominant shrubs and herbs, suggesting interspecific competition. It is necessary to focus on other dominant species if protection and restoration of the R. aureum competition is to occur. In the future, more is needed to prove whether R. aureum decreases species diversity in the tundra ecosystems of Changbai Mountain.
Human dendritic cells activated with MV130 induce Th1, Th17 and IL‐10 responses via RIPK2 and MyD88 signalling pathways
Authors: Cirauqui Cristina , Benito‐Villalvilla Cristina , Sánchez‐Ramón Silvia , Sirvent Sofía , Diez‐Rivero Carmen M. , Conejero Laura , Brandi Paola , Hernández‐Cillero Lourdes , Ochoa Juliana Lucía , Pérez‐Villamil Beatriz , Sancho David , Subiza José Luis , Palomares Oscar 
Published: August 2017

AbstractRecurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTIs) are the first leading cause of community‐ and nosocomial‐acquired infections. Antibiotics remain the mainstay of treatment, enhancing the potential to develop antibiotic resistances. Therefore, the development of new alternative approaches to prevent and treat RRTIs is highly demanded. Daily sublingual administration of the whole heat‐inactivated polybacterial preparation (PBP) MV130 significantly reduced the rate of respiratory infections in RRTIs patients, however, the immunological mechanisms of action remain unknown. Herein, we study the capacity of MV130 to immunomodulate the function of human dendritic cells (DCs) as a potential mechanism that contribute to the clinical benefits. We demonstrate that DCs from RRTIs patients and healthy controls display similar ex vivo immunological responses to MV130. By combining systems biology and functional immunological approaches we show that MV130 promotes the generation of Th1/Th17 responses via receptor‐interacting serine/threonine‐protein kinase‐2 (RIPK2)‐ and myeloid‐differentiation primary‐response gene‐88 (MyD88)‐mediated signalling pathways under the control of IL‐10. In vivo BALB/c mice sublingually immunized with MV130 display potent systemic Th1/Th17 and IL‐10 responses against related and unrelated antigens. We elucidate immunological mechanisms underlying the potential way of action of MV130, which might help to design alternative treatments in other clinical conditions with high risk of recurrent infections.
Effects of Substituents on the Electrocatalytic Activity of Cobalt Phthalocyanines when Conjugated to Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Centane Sixolile , Achadu Ojodomo J. , Nyokong Tebello 
Published: August 2017

AbstractWe report on the π–π interactions between graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and the following cobalt phthalocyanine derivatives: cobalt monocarboxyphenoxy phthalocyanine (complex 1), cobalt tetracarboxyphenoxyphthalocyanine (complex 2), and cobalt tetraaminophenoxy phthalocyanine (complex 3). The conjugates (conj) with GQDs are represented as 1@GQDs(conj), 2@GQDs(conj) and 3@GQDs(conj), respectively. The resulting phthalocyanine/GQDs conjugates were adsorbed on containing a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using the drop and dry method. We explore the electrochemical properties of phthalocyanines functionalized with both electron withdrawing groups and electron donating groups when non‐covalently linked to the π‐electron rich graphene quantum dots. GCE/3, GCE/2@GQDs(conj) and GCE/1@GQDs(conj) had the lowest limits of detection (LOD). Sequentially modified electrodes showed less favourable detection limits compared to the conjugates.
Neuropsychological and Cognitive Correlates of Recovery in Anorexia Nervosa
Authors: Harper Jessica A. , Brodrick Brooks , Van Enkevort Erin , McAdams Carrie J. 
Published: August 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify clinical or cognitive measures either predictive of illness trajectory or altered with sustained weight recovery in adult women with anorexia nervosa.MethodsParticipants were recruited from prior studies of women with anorexia nervosa (AN‐C) and in weight‐recovery following anorexia nervosa (AN‐WR). Participants completed a neuropsychological battery at baseline and clinical assessments at both baseline and follow‐up. Groups based on clinical outcome (continued eating disorder, AN‐CC; newly in recovery, AN‐CR; sustained weight‐recovery, AN‐WR) were compared by using one‐way ANOVAs with Bonferroni‐corrected post hoc comparisons.ResultsWomen with continued eating disorder had poorer neuropsychological function and self‐competence at baseline than AN‐CR. AN‐CR showed changes in depression and externalizing bias, a measure of self‐related attributions. AN‐WR differed from both AN‐CC and AN‐CR at baseline in externalizing bias, but only from AN‐CC at outcome.DiscussionNeuropsychological function when recently ill may be a prognostic factor, while externalizing bias may provide a clinical target for recovery. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Influence of chemically reactive species and a volumetric heat source or sink on mixed convection over an exponentially decreasing mainstream
Authors: Patil Prabhugouda M. , Kumbarwadi Nafisabanu , Momoniat Ebrahim 
Published: August 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we investigate mixed convection flow over an exponentially decreasing freestream velocity in presence of nonlinear chemically reactive species and a volumetric heat source or sink. Nonsimilar transformations are used to reduce the boundary layer equations into dimensionless equations and are further solved by the implicit finite difference scheme in combination with the quasi‐linearization technique. The influence of various governing parameters such as the volumetric heat source/sink parameter (Q), the ratio of buoyancy forces (N), the Richardson number (Ri), and the chemical reaction parameter (Δ) on the flow, thermal and species concentration fields are discussed and presented in terms of graphs. The numerical investigation reveals that the increase in volumetric heat source/sink parameter Q increases the temperature profile about 69% in presence of injection and the concentration profile decreases about 56% for and increases around 53% for as n increases from 1 to 2.