bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pump Priming Practices and Anticoagulation in Cardiac Surgery: Results From the Global Cardiopulmonary Bypass Survey
Authors: Miles Lachlan F. , Coulson Timothy G. , Galhardo Carlos , Falter Florian 
Published: June 2017

BACKGROUND:Regional patterns of practice in cardiopulmonary bypass remain poorly understood with conflicting evidence regarding the best choices in pump priming preferences with respect to colloid and crystalloid and different types of fluid within these categories. In light of the variation in the literature, we hypothesized there would be considerable regional differences in cardiopulmonary bypass practice, particularly with respect to the type of fluid used to prime the extracorporeal circuit.METHODS:A 16-question, Internet-based survey was distributed by various regional specialist societies, targeting adult cardiac anesthesiologists. One question was directly relevant to activated clotting time and 5 concerned pump priming choices with respect to crystalloid and colloid types and additives. The remaining questions concerned cardioplegia choices. The survey remained open from June 2015 to May 2016.RESULTS:A total of 923 responses were analyzed. Estimated response rates from Europe, North America, Australia/New Zealand, and South America were 19.77%, 8.06%, 16.30%, and 1.68%, respectively. The majority of respondents worldwide considered an activated clotting time of <400 seconds as unsafe for bypass (92.5%). Crystalloid as a sole fluid type remains the most common priming solution worldwide (38.1%) although combinations with colloid (23.8%) were also popular. Retrograde autologous priming was used by 17.9% of respondents. Heparin was the most frequently used prime additive (43.0%) followed by mannitol (35.2%). Variation was demonstrated within some of these categories reflective of differences in regional practices.CONCLUSIONS:Differences exist in some specific areas between regional cardiopulmonary bypass techniques with respect to pump priming and anticoagulation practices. The significance of these differences with respect to patient outcome is uncertain and requires further study.
Hotter nests produce hatchling lizards with lower thermal tolerance
Authors: Dayananda Buddhi , Murray Brad R. , Webb Jonathan K. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
In many regions, the frequency and duration of summer heatwaves is predicted to increase in future. Hotter summers could result in higher temperatures inside lizard nests, potentially exposing embryos to thermally stressful conditions during development. Potentially, developmentally plastic shifts in thermal tolerance could allow lizards to adapt to climate warming. To determine how higher nest temperatures affect the thermal tolerance of hatchling geckos, we incubated eggs of the rock-dwelling velvet gecko, Amalosia lesueurii, at two fluctuating temperature regimes to mimic current nest temperatures (mean 23.2°C, range 10–33°C, ‘cold’) and future nest temperatures (mean 27.0°C, range 14–37°C, ‘hot’). Hatchlings from the hot incubation group hatched 27 days earlier and had a lower critical thermal maximum (CTmax 38.7°C) and a higher critical thermal minimum (CTmin 6.2°C) than hatchlings from cold incubation group (40.2 and 5.7°C, respectively). In the field, hatchlings typically settle under rocks near communal nests. During the hatching period, rock temperatures ranged from 13 to 59°C, and regularly exceeded the CTmax of both hot- and cold-incubated hatchlings. Because rock temperatures were so high, the heat tolerance of lizards had little effect on their ability to exploit rocks as retreat sites. Instead, the timing of hatching dictated whether lizards could exploit rocks as retreat sites; that is, cold-incubated lizards that hatched later encountered less thermally stressful environments than earlier hatching hot-incubated lizards. In conclusion, we found no evidence that CTmax can shift upwards in response to higher incubation temperatures, suggesting that hotter summers may increase the vulnerability of lizards to climate warming.
Hunting with sticky tape: functional shift in silk glands of araneophagous ground spiders (Gnaphosidae)
Authors: Wolff Jonas O. , Řezáč Milan , Krejčí Tomáš , Gorb Stanislav N. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACT
Foraging is one of the main evolutionary driving forces shaping the phenotype of organisms. In predators, a significant, though understudied, cost of foraging is the risk of being injured by struggling prey. Hunting spiders that feed on dangerous prey like ants or other spiders are an extreme example of dangerous feeding, risking their own life over a meal. Here, we describe an intriguing example of the use of attachment silk (piriform silk) for prey immobilization that comes with the costs of reduced silk anchorage function, increased piriform silk production and additional modifications of the extrusion structures (spigots) to prevent their clogging. We show that the piriform silk of gnaphosids is very stretchy and tough, which is an outstanding feat for a functional glue. This is gained by the combination of an elastic central fibre and a bi-layered glue coat consisting of aligned nanofibrils. This represents the first tensile test data on the ubiquitous piriform gland silk, adding an important puzzle piece to the mechanical catalogue of silken products in spiders.
Cognitive specialization for learning faces is associated with shifts in the brain transcriptome of a social wasp
Authors: Berens Ali J. , Tibbetts Elizabeth A. , Toth Amy L. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTThe specialized ability to learn and recall individuals based on distinct facial features is known in only a few, large-brained social taxa. Social paper wasps in the genus Polistes are the only insects known to possess this form of cognitive specialization. We analyzed genome-wide brain gene expression during facial and pattern training for two species of paper wasps (P. fuscatus, which has face recognition, and P. metricus, which does not) using RNA sequencing. We identified 237 transcripts associated with face specialization in P. fuscatus, including some transcripts involved in neuronal signaling (serotonin receptor and tachykinin). Polistes metricus that learned faces (without specialized learning) and P. fuscatus in social interactions with familiar partners (from a previous study) showed distinct sets of brain differentially expressed transcripts. These data suggest face specialization in P. fuscatus is related to shifts in the brain transcriptome associated with genes distinct from those related to general visual learning and social interactions.
The Effects of Corporate Venture Capital, Founder Incumbency, and Their Interaction on Entrepreneurial Firms’ R&D Investment Strategies
Authors: Paik Yongwook , Woo Heejin 
Published: June 2017

Corporate venture capital (CVC) investment has increasingly become an important source of entrepreneurial finance. Accordingly, while scholars have traditionally focused on understanding the main motivations behind CVC activity and its impact on the investing corporate firm, more recently, scholars have also started to emphasize the importance of understanding the impact of CVC investment on the investee venture. In particular, these recent studies commonly show that CVC investment has a positive effect on the venture’s innovation. While the positive link between CVC investment and the venture’s innovation output is well established in the literature, the organizational mechanisms through which this relationship unfolds within the venture remain relatively underexplored. In this study, we fill this gap in the literature by examining the effects of CVC ownership, founder incumbency, and the CVC investor–founder interaction on research and development (R&D) investment strategies in venture capital (VC)-financed, technology-based entrepreneurial ventures. In doing so, we aim to provide a novel explanation of the organizational mechanisms that lead to greater investment in research and development (R&D), especially with regard to the interaction between CVC investors and founder managers. We argue that CVC ownership and founder incumbency positively affect entrepreneurial firms’ R&D investment and, more importantly, that the CVC ownership effect is effectively amplified when the founder is an incumbent top manager because of goal congruence and knowledge spillover from the CVC firm. Our empirical analysis supports our hypotheses while addressing potential endogeneity concerns. Our results also support various mechanisms by utilizing the data on CVC investor’s board membership, CVC investor heterogeneity, the founder’s technological background, and the investee venture’s industry.The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2017.1133 .
School nurses' perceptions of undergraduate children's nursing safeguarding education
Authors: David Morgan Llewellyn , Spargo Dwynwen 
Published: June 2017

Safeguarding children is a substantial practice area for children's nurses and school nurses, remaining a challenging environment to work within. The literature suggests that professionals involved in safeguarding have been under-prepared by their training to work in this area. This small qualitative study aimed to explore school nurse perceptions of their undergraduate children's nursing education to ascertain if they were adequately prepared to practice in this area. This study used interpretative phenomenological analysis as a methodology, and three practicing school nurses, who are qualified children's nurses were interviewed. Themes highlight that undergraduate education did not prepare them to practice in safeguarding through a combination of factors. These included lack of exposure to practice in this area as a student and as an inexperienced staff nurse; lack of adequate succession planning; and lack of information sharing, leading to a feeling of practice isolation.
The test-taking motivation of universitiy student: Validity and reliability study<p>Üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav motivasyonu: Öğrenci görüşü ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması
Authors: Kurbanoglu Namudar İzzet , Takunyacı Mithat 
Published: June 2017

Tests are one of the most common evaluation methods used to assess student learning in the educational process. Therefore, it is important to examine the factors that can help students succeed in tests. The aim of this study is to examine the psychometric features of the Student Opinion Scale (SOS) developed by Wolf & Smith, revised by Sundre and Sundre & Finney in order to assess the universty student's the test-taking motivation on Turkish sample. The SOS consists of two subscales called “Importance” and “Effort” and 10 items. The Turkish form of the scale was applied to 300 students at the Faculty of Education. The studies of internal consistency, item and factor analysis and criterion cohesion validity were performed to examine the psychometric features of the scale. The values obtained from the internal consistency analyses of the scale were .72 for “Importance” subscale; .82 for “Effort” subscale and .74 in total, and it was shown that the scale has sufficient reliability levels. The results of analysis showed that the original two-factor structure of the scale is suitable for Turkish sample. So, it is thought that the scale is a valid and reliable tool to be used for determining the test motivation of the Turkish sample group.Extended English abstract is in the end of PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetSınavlar, eğitim sürecinde öğrenci öğrenmelerinin değerlendirilmesinde kullanılan en yaygın değerlendirme yöntemlerinden birisidir. Bu nedenle, öğrencilerin sınavlarda başarılı olmasına yardımcı olabilecek faktörlerin incelenmesi önemli bir durumdur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin sınav motivasyonlarını ölçmek amacıyla Wolf ve Smith tarafından geliştirilen, Sundre, Sundre ve Finney tarafından revize edilen Öğrenci Görüşü Ölçeğinin (ÖGÖ) Türk örneklem üzerinde psikometrik özelliklerini incelemektir. Orijinal adı “The Student Opinion Scale” (SOS) olan ölçek, Önem (Importance) ve Çaba (Effort) olarak adlandırılan iki alt boyuttan ve 10 maddeden oluşmaktadır. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu, Eğitim Fakültesinde öğrenim gören 300 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin psikometrik özelliklerini inceleyebilmek amacıyla iç tutarlılık, madde analizi ve açımlayıcı faktör analizi ile doğrulayıcı faktör analizi çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Açımlayıcı faktör analizi ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda orijinal ölçekte olduğu gibi ölçeğin iki faktörlü yapıya sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ölçeğin Türkçe formu için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı birinci alt boyut (Önem) için .72, ikinci alt boyut (Çaba) için .82 olarak bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin tamamı için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlık katsayısı ise .74 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapılan analiz sonuçları, ölçeğin orijinal iki faktörlü yapısının Türk örneklem için uygun olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu durumda ölçeğin Türk örneklem grubunun sınav motivasyonlarının belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek, geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu söylenebilir.
Real-time motion prediction using the chromatic offset of line scan cameras
Authors: Pfaff Florian , Maier Georg , Aristov Mikhail , Noack Benjamin , Gruna Robin , Hanebeck Uwe D. , Längle Thomas , Beyerer Jürgen , Pieper Christoph , Kruggel-Emden Harald , Wirtz Siegmar , Scherer Viktor 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
State-of-the-art optical belt sorters commonly employ line scan
cameras and use simple assumptions to predict each particle's
movement, which is required for the separation process. Previously, we
have equipped an experimental optical belt sorter with an area scan
camera and were able to show that tracking the particles of the bulk
material results in an improvement of the predictions and thus also
the sorting process. In this paper, we use the slight gap between the
sensor lines of an RGB line scan camera to derive information about
the particles' movements in real-time. This approach allows improving
the predictions in optical belt sorters without necessitating any
hardware modifications.
CAD-basierter Workflow für den semi-automatischen Entwurf optischer Inspektionssysteme
Authors: Irgenfried Stephan , Wörn Heinz , Bergmann Stephan , Mohammadikaji Mahsa , Beyerer Jürgen , Dachsbacher Carsten 
Published: June 2017

Zusammenfassung
Während Computer-assistierte Inspektionsplanung (Computer Aided Inspection Planning, CAIP) für mechanische
Inspektionsaufgaben Stand der Technik ist, findet sie im Bereich von Entwurf und Umsetzung von Systemen der industriellen
Bildverarbeitung (IBV) noch keine breite Anwendung. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein Konzept und die beispielhafte
Implementierung vor, wie durch Anreicherung von STEP-CAD-Daten mit Oberflächeneigenschaften von Bauteilen und der
Einbettung von Toleranzangaben die Ausgangsbasis für eine semi-automatische Erstellung und Optimierung von
Konfigurationsvorschlägen für Bildverarbeitungssysteme in Interaktion mit einem Systemexperten erreicht wird.
Morphological and phenological reexamination of the threatened endemic species Gelidium canariense (Gelidiales, Rhodophyta) from the Canary Islands
Authors: Alfonso Beatriz , Sangil Carlos , Sansón Marta 
Published: June 2017

Abstractis a canopy-forming endemic macroalga from the Canary Islands. Vegetative and reproductive characteristics of all phases in its life cycle are examined. Key macromorphological features are its blackish color and the corymbose-to-subfastigiate branching pattern that differentiates
Protective coatings on zirconium-based alloys as accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings
Authors: Tang Chongchong , Stueber Michael , Seifert Hans Juergen , Steinbrueck Martin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSurface-modified zirconium (Zr)-based alloys, mainly by fabricating protective coatings, are being developed and evaluated as accident-tolerant fuel (ATF) claddings, aiming to improve fuel reliability and safety during normal operations, anticipated operational occurrences, and accident scenarios in water-cooled reactors. In this overview, the performance of Zr alloy claddings under normal and accident conditions is first briefly summarized. In evaluating previous studies, various coating concepts are highlighted based on coating materials, focusing on their performance in autoclave hydrothermal corrosion tests and high-temperature steam oxidation tests. The challenges for the utilization of coatings, including materials selection, deposition technology, and stability under various situations, are discussed to provide some valuable guidance to future research activities.
Advance Microfluidic Approach over Conventional Batch and CTR for Improving the Efficiency of E-coli Cell Lysis by CuO Nanoparticles
Authors: Giri Nandagopal M. S. , Nakkeeran E. , Prasanna Venkatesh R. , Selvaraju N. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInterest in employing metal oxide nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents is growing. Among various nanoparticles, CuO nanoparticles (NP) has gained vast attention among researchers due to their unusual properties. Various studies has been reported on the antimicrobial activity of CuO NP on microbes. But, no studies can be found on designing suitable reactor for this system. In this study, conventional batch, continuous tubular reactor (CTR), and advanced microfluidic (MF) reactor systems were employed to carry out antimicrobial activity of CuO NP on E Coli..From the experimental results, we observe that minimum cell viability obtained in the batch reactor was about 48.6 %. CTR provided better contact between CuO NPs and E-Coli cells, hence cell viability of 45.3 % was obtained which is lesser than that of batch system. While, in the microfluidic system, when the contact between CuO NPs and E-Coli cells were increased by scaling down the diameter of the channels from 1,200 μm to 600 μm the efficiency of the cell lysis by CuO NP increased from 68.77 % to 95 %. This drastic improvement in cell lysis rates from batch to microchannel is attributed to high surface area to volume ratio and active internal circulation in microfluidic flows. Hence, microfluidic system, which operates at negligible gravity was found to be more efficient in carrying out microbial cell lysis using CuO NP nanoparticles.
Ranking ultimate teams using a Bayesian score-augmented win-loss model
Authors: Murray Thomas A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractUltimate is a field sport played by two teams, each with seven players on the field. USA Ultimate administers nationwide leagues that consist of a regular season and post-season with Sectional, Regional, and National Championship tournaments. USA Ultimate ranks teams by applying an algorithm to the regular season results, and distributes the sixteen bids for the National Championship to the eight regions based on these rankings. Teams then compete at Regionals to earn the bids granted to their region. This article presents a novel score-augmented win-loss model for ranking Ultimate teams and distributing National Championship bids. The proposed approach facilitates predicting the placement of each qualifying team at the 2016 Club National Championships as well. The key innovations are the use of a pseudo-outcome called the win fraction that splits a win between the two teams based on the final score of their match, and a weighted quasi-likelihood function that facilitates discounting older results. The proposed approach is applied to the 2016 Club Division results. Rankings, bid allocations, and predictive placement probabilities are reported, as well as a comparative evaluation with the USA Ultimate algorithm, a win-loss model, and a point-scoring model.
Multicomponent Musculoskeletal Movement Assessment Tools: A Systematic Review and Critical Appraisal of Their Development and Applicability to Professional Practice
Authors: Bennett Hunter , Davison Kade , Arnold John , Slattery Flynn , Martin Max , Norton Kevin 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Bennett, H, Davison, K, Arnold, J, Slattery, F, Martin, M, and Norton, K. Multicomponent musculoskeletal movement assessment tools: a systematic review and critical appraisal of their development and applicability to professional practice. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2903–2919, 2017—Multicomponent movement assessment tools have become commonplace to measure movement quality, proposing to indicate injury risk and performance capabilities. Despite popular use, there has been no attempt to compare the components of each tool reported in the literature, the processes in which they were developed, or the underpinning rationale for their included content. As such, the objective of this systematic review was to provide a comprehensive summary of current movement assessment tools and appraise the evidence supporting their development. A systematic literature search was performed using PRISMA guidelines to identify multicomponent movement assessment tools. Commonalities between tools and the evidence provided to support the content of each tool was identified. Each tool underwent critical appraisal to identify the rigor in which it was developed, and its applicability to professional practice. Eleven tools were identified, of which 5 provided evidence to support their content as assessments of movement quality. One assessment tool (Soccer Injury Movement Screen [SIMS]) received an overall score of above 65% on critical appraisal, with a further 2 tools (Movement Competency Screen [MCS] and modified 4 movement screen [M4-MS]) scoring above 60%. Only the MCS provided clear justification for its developmental process. The remaining 8 tools scored between 40 and 60%. On appraisal, the MCS, M4-MS, and SIMS seem to provide the most practical value for assessing movement quality as they provide the strongest reports of developmental rigor and an identifiable evidence base. In addition, considering the evidence provided, these tools may have the strongest potential for identifying performance capabilities and guiding exercise prescription in athletic and sport-specific populations.
Effect of Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Exercise and Continuous Exercise on Delayed-Onset Muscle Soreness in Untrained Healthy Males
Authors: Farias Junior Luiz F. , Browne Rodrigo A.V. , Frazão Danniel T. , Dantas Teresa C.B. , Silva Paulo H.M. , Freitas Rodrigo P.A. , Aoki Marcelo S. , Costa Eduardo C. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Farias Junior, LF, Browne, RAV, Frazão, DT, Dantas, TCB, Silva, PHM, Freitas, RPA, Aoki, MS, and Costa, EC. Effect of low-volume high-intensity interval exercise and continuous exercise on delayed-onset muscle soreness in untrained healthy males. J Strength Cond Res 33(3): 774–782, 2019—The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a single session of a low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and a continuous exercise (CE) on the magnitude of delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in untrained healthy males. Fifteen participants (25.1 ± 4.4 years) completed 2 experimental sessions in a randomized order: (a) low-volume HIIE: 10 × 60 seconds at 90% of maximal velocity (MV) interspersed with 60 seconds of active recovery at 30% of MV and (b) CE: 20 minutes at 60% of MV. Pressure-pain threshold (PPT), pressure-pain tolerance (PPTol), and perceived pain intensity (PPI) were assessed in the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, and gastrocnemius before and 24 hours after exercise. There was a decrease of PPT in the rectus femoris (−0.5 kg·cm−2) and PPTol in the gastrocnemius (−1.4 kg·cm−2) and an increase of PPI in the rectus femoris (14.4 mm) and in the biceps femoris (11.7 mm) 24 hours after the low-volume HIIE session (p ≤ 0.05). There was a decrease of PPT (rectus femoris: −0.8 kg·cm−2; biceps femoris: −0.5 kg·cm−2; gastrocnemius: −0.9 kg·cm−2) and PPTol (rectus femoris: −1.9 kg·cm−2; biceps femoris: −2.7 kg·cm−2; gastrocnemius: −1.6 kg·cm−2) and an increase of PPI (rectus femoris: 8.1 mm; biceps femoris: 10.3 mm; gastrocnemius: 17.5 mm) in all muscles 24 hours after the CE session (p ≤ 0.05). No difference was observed between HIIE and CE sessions in any DOMS-related parameter (p > 0.05). In conclusion, a single session of low-volume HIIE and CE elicited a similar mild DOMS 24 hours after exercise in untrained healthy males.