bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Power pole density informs spatial prioritization for mitigating avian electrocution
Authors: Dwyer James F. , Harness Rick E. , Gerber Brian D. , Landon Melissa A. , Petersen Paul , Austin Daryl D. , Woodbridge Brian , Williams Gary E. , Eccleston Duncan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTRaptor and corvid electrocutions cause continental conservation concerns for breeding, migrating, and wintering birds. Although concerns are widespread, mitigation is implemented primarily at local scales of individual electric utilities. By not considering landscape‐scale patterns, conservation strategies may fail to focus mitigation where efforts are needed most. To enable resource managers to consider electrocution risk at larger scales, we developed a regional model of distribution power pole (pole) density in a grid of 1‐km2cells throughout Colorado and Wyoming. To do so, we obtained data on pole locations from a sample of electric utilities covering 31% of Colorado and Wyoming, and developed a predictive model of poles throughout the remainder of the 2 states. Pole density was influenced by road lengths, number of oil and gas wells, slope, development, and land cover. Poles were densest in areas with high road lengths, high numbers of wells, and relatively flat terrain, and in areas developed for agriculture or human residences. When model predictions are viewed together with species‐specific habitat maps, locations where high pole densities overlap habitat suggest areas where mitigating electrocution risk could be prioritized. Communication between resource managers and local utilities could then clarify the poles that caused the highest risk to raptors from electrocution. Thus, the model provides a framework for systematic spatial prioritization in support of regional conservation planning to minimize electrocution of raptors and corvids. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
d‐Allulose supplementation normalized the body weight and fat‐pad mass in diet‐induced obese mice via the regulation of lipid metabolism under isocaloric fed condition
Authors: Han Youngji , Han Hye Jin , Kim Ae‐Hyang , Choi Ji‐Young , Cho Su‐Jung , Park Yong Bok , Jung Un Ju , Choi Myung‐Sook 
Published: February 2016

ScopeA number of findings suggest that zero‐calorie d‐allulose, also known as d‐psicose, has beneficial effects on obesity‐related metabolic disturbances. However, it is unclear whether d‐allulose can normalize the metabolic status of diet‐induced obesity without having an impact on the energy density. We investigated whether 5% d‐allulose supplementation in a high fat diet(HFD) could normalize body fat in a diet‐induced obesity animal model under isocaloric pair‐fed conditions.Methods and resultsMice were fed an HFD with or without various sugar substitutes (d‐glucose, d‐fructose, erytritol, or d‐allulose, n = 10 per group) for 16 wk. Body weight and fat‐pad mass in the d‐allulose group were dramatically lowered to that of the normal group with a simultaneous decrease in plasma leptin and resistin concentrations. d‐allulose lowered plasma and hepatic lipids while elevating fecal lipids with a decrease in mRNA expression of CD36, ApoB48, FATP4, in the small intestine in mice. In the liver, activities of both fatty acid synthase and β‐oxidation were downregulated by d‐allulose to that of the normal group; however, in WAT, fatty acid synthase was decreased while β‐oxidation activity was enhanced.ConclusionTaken together, our findings suggest that 5% dietary d‐allulose led to the normalization of the metabolic status of diet‐induced obesity by altering lipid‐regulating enzyme activities and their gene‐expression level along with fecal lipids.
Accelerating method of moments based package‐board 3D parasitic extraction using FPGA
Authors: Devi Anant , Gandhi Maulik , Varghese Kuruvilla , Gope Dipanjan 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)‐based hardware accelerator for 3D electromagnetic extraction, using Method of Moments (MoM) is presented. As the number of nets or ports in a system increases, leading to a corresponding increase in the number of right‐hand‐side (RHS) vectors, the computational cost for multiple matrix‐vector products presents a time bottleneck in a linear‐complexity fast solver framework. In this work, an FPGA‐based hardware implementation is proposed toward a two‐level parallelization scheme: (i) matrix level parallelization for single RHS and (ii) pipelining for multiple‐RHS. The method is applied to accelerate electrostatic parasitic capacitance extraction of multiple nets in a Ball Grid Array (BGA) package. The acceleration is shown to be linearly scalable with FPGA resources and speed‐ups over 10× against equivalent software implementation on a 2.4 GHz Intel Core i5 processor is achieved using a Virtex‐6 XC6VLX240T FPGA on Xilinx's ML605 board with the implemented design operating at 200 MHz clock frequency. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:776–783, 2016
K band class‐C MESFET based frequency quadrupler with highly selective SIW bandpass filter for inter satellite communication
Authors: Patel Romil , Patel Amit 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents the single stage active frequency quadrupler design for generating a tone in the K band (23.5 GHz) frequency range using GaAs MESFET device. Harmonics current generation characteristics of GaAs MESFET (NE900000) is modeled and analyzed in reference with gate voltage. Based on this, its optimum operating class‐C is decided for its application as a frequency quadrupler. Using this model and introducing resonator (Idler) based harmonic rejection techniques, a narrowband −0.310 dBm output power ×4 frequency multiplier from C‐band to K‐band implemented using 0.5 μm GaAs MESFET. As the device operated in class‐C operating condition, it produces harmonics content due to clipping of output signal. At the output of the proposed multiplier design, a highly selective surface integrated waveguide (SIW) based bandpass filter (with Q is better than 120) is attached, which provides excellent rejection of fundamental component (>90 dBc) and other harmonics assuring minimum rejection of 30 dBc. The proposed design consumes 60 mW power and provides ∼−7 dB conversion gain with input power having 7 dBm. Feasibility and layout geometry of the proposed design has been evaluated and simulated on the substrate RT‐Duroid5880 using Agilent ADS software. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:767–776, 2016
Wavelength‐resolved measurement of gain recovery in an erbium‐doped fiber amplifier
Authors: Kuroda Keiji , Yoshikuni Yuzo 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe report on wavelength‐resolved measurements of gain recovery in an erbium‐doped fiber amplifier using a wavelength‐selectable distributed feedback (DFB) laser as a light source. Recovery profiles of the gain are obtained for a wavelength range from 1528 to 1559 nm by applying a single‐wavelength pump‐probe method. Although the recovery time slightly decreases as the wavelength increases, it is nearly constant over the measured wavelength range. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:751–754, 2016
Antenna with three dimensional 3D printed substrates
Authors: Patel S. S. , Garcia Zuazola I. J. , Whittow W. G. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, 3D printing technology is used to modify the substrate shape with the aim of modifying the antenna's performance. The antenna substrate is made using a 3D printer and commercially available materials. A ridge near the center of the patch has been used to downshift the resonant frequency of the antenna. The effect of the ridge shape has been investigated via simulations and measurements. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:741–744, 2016
Antennas on paper using ink‐jet printing of nano‐silver particles for wireless sensor networks in train environment
Authors: Dancila Dragos , Moossavi Reza , Siden Johan , Zhang Zhibin , Rydberg Anders 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents the design, manufacturing, and measurements of antennas on paper, realized using ink‐jet printing of conductive inks based on nano‐silver particles (nSPs). The extraction of the substrate characteristics such as the dielectric constant and dielectric loss is performed using a printed ring resonator technique. The characterization of the nSPs conductive inks assesses different parameters as sintering time and temperature. Two antennas are realized corresponding to the most common needs for wireless sensor networks in Trains Environment. The first one is a patch antenna characterized by a broadside radiation pattern and suited for operation on metallic structures. The second one is a quasi‐yagi antenna, with an end fire radiation pattern and higher directivity, without requiring a metallic ground plane. Both antennas present a good matching (S11 < −20 dB and S11 < −30 dB, respectively) and acceptable efficiency (55% and 45%, respectively) for the paper substrate used at the center frequency of 2.4 GHz, corresponding to the first channel of the IEEE 802.15.4 band. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:754–759, 2016
Compact MIMO antenna for Bluetooth, WiMAX, WLAN, and UWB applications
Authors: Huang Hui‐Fen , Xiao Shu‐Guang 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper presents a compact multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna for wireless portable device applications. It entirely covers the Bluetooth (2.4–2.484 GHz), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) (3.4–3.69 GHz), Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) (5.15–5.825 GHz), and ultra‐wideband (UWB) (3.1–10.6 GHz) operating bands. This antenna consists of two planar polygon printed monopole(PM) antennas, a rectangular slot and a triangular trim on the antenna element to lower down the low‐cutoff frequency for improving the impedance matching, and a stepped ground stub to improve the isolation. Two rounded corners are simultaneously used on the ground for the impedance matching at medium‐high frequency. The results of simulation and measurement prove that the −10 dB bandwidth of this antenna is from 2.4 to 11 GHz, and the isolation is less than −15 dB in the entire band, which can satisfy the actual requirements according to most literatures. The envelope correlation coefficient is less than 0.02. The size of this antenna array is 40 × 36 mm2. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:783–787, 2016
A MEMS microwave phase detector with broadband performance operable at X‐band
Authors: Han Juzheng , Liao Xiaoping 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter presents the design, fabrication, and measurement of a broadband MEMS microwave phase detector for X‐band, 8–12 GHz. In order to realize the broadband performance, a two‐section power combiner is designed and utilized for the configuration of the phase detector. Stable sensitivities of phase detection are revealed by measurements within the bandwidth 8–12 GHz. The sensitivities are all better than 7.1, 22.1, 33.4, 42.0, and 51.2 mV/mW at 10, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mW input power, respectively. Moreover, the discrepancies are less than 1.8, 5.1, 7.3, 9.3, and 10.9 mV/mW at the above powers for different frequencies. The measured output voltage versus the phase difference at 200 mW, 10 GHz is normalized and compared to the theoretical value. The relative error is less than 8.5%. The response times of this presented phase detector are also obtained by measurement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:806–809, 2016
Compact varactor‐tuned dual‐mode filter with center frequency and bandwidth control
Authors: Zhao Xiao‐Min , Wu Qiu‐Yi , Liu Xiang‐Jun , Shi Xiao‐Wei 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents a novel compact tunable bandpass filter (BPF) with center frequency and bandwidth control based on open‐circuited stub‐loaded half‐wavelength resonator (SLR). Analyses of frequency and bandwidth tunable of the proposed resonators and external quality factor implemented by tunable J inverter to gain a stable filtering performance are discussed. Both theory and experiment are provided to validate the proposed filter. From the experimental results, it is found that the proposed filter can keep a constant bandwidth over the frequency tuning range with an insertion loss of less than 0.9 dB and increase the 1‐dB bandwidth from 120 MHz to 430 MHz when center frequency locates at 1.3 GHz with an insertion loss of 0.5–1.7 dB. Simulation and measurements are in excellent agreement. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:803–806, 2016
Effects of taper parameters on free spectral range of non‐adiabatic tapered optical fibers for sensing applications
Authors: Musa B. , Mustapha Kamil Y. , Abu Bakar M. H. , Noor A. S. M. , Ismail A. , Mahdi M. A. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTWe investigated the effects of taper parameters on the free spectral range of transmission spectrum of non‐adiabatic tapers. From experimental results, the optimum profile for the tapered fiber in terms of taper angle, waist diameter, and length are 11.500 mrad, 10 μm, and 20 mm, respectively. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:798–803, 2016
Reconfigurable active integrated antenna with log‐periodic matching network structures and reduced PIN diodes for WLAN/WiMAX applications
Authors: Mazloum Jalil 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACT:A novel reconfigurable active integrated antenna for WiMAX/WLAN applications is presented. By using a radiating patch with a pair of folded microstrip arms in the active feedback antenna two new resonances can be achieved. Also a novel reconfigurable low noise amplifier (RLNA) with log‐Periodic matching network structures and reduced PIN diode for WiMAX/WLAN applications is presented. By using new design of dual output matching network and reduced pin diode, a novel design of the RLNA is performed. In ordinary way to switch between two frequencies, we need two pin diodes in input matching networks, and two pin diodes in output matching network. But for the first time, in this article by using dual‐band matching network and log‐periodic relationship between matching networks lengths, we reduced number of pin diodes from four to one. By using the [S] parameters of the active element, a novel design of the microwave oscillator is performed. Simulated and experimental results obtained for this antenna show that the proposed Active Integrated Antenna (AIA) has a good return loss and radiation behavior within the WiMAX/WLAN frequency range. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:787–791, 2016
Miniaturized planar ultra‐wideband slot antenna with an interference suppressing capability
Authors: Masoumi Masoume , Amiri Zhaleh , Ghaedi Farshad , Sahraban Amene , Hayati Soghra , shokry Majed , Virdee Bal.S 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTA microstrip‐fed ultra‐wideband printed monopole antenna is presented in this article. The advantages of this miniaturized antenna are capability to eliminate the interference from wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency band and wide impedance bandwidth (IBW). To provide an ultra‐wideband of 124.55% (3.05–13.12GHz) simply the aperture of ground plane is adjusted. Furthermore by embedding a pair of T‐shaped stubs (PTSS) in the slot a band notched from 4.98 GHz to 5.96 GHz is realized. These functionalities are obtained while the total dimension of the antenna was 20 × 18 × 1.6 mm3. In this article analysis of antenna parameters like radiation characteristics, survey of surface currents and antenna gain will be presented. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:813–817, 2016
Analysis of a microstrip antenna with variation on substrate PBG hexagonal
Authors: Guimarães Ádller de O. , da Silva José P. , Pereira Jonathan P. P. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, we analyzed the influence of a photonic band gap (PBG) substrate on the radiation properties of microstrip antenna with a rectangular patch. Antenna parameters as the return loss (S11), bandwidth, gain and electric field density were analyzed. The proposed PBG structure presents three different settings, with variation in the diameter of the air holes printed on dielectric substrate. The obtained results showed a better performance in the parameters of the PBG antenna when compared with the reference antenna and have been validated experimentally by measuring the return loss in function of the operating frequency, obtained from the construction of prototypes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:826–831, 2016
Dual‐band differential filter with complete band independence
Authors: Corona‐Chavez Alonso , Kataria Tejinder Kaur , Olvera‐Cervantes Jose Luis 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article a novel dual band filter was presented for differential mode operation. In this design, there is complete design independence between both bands. It will be shown that the filters can be designed independently and then merged together to form the final structure. A dual band filter is presented with experimental and simulated results showing good agreement. This circuit was suitable for two‐dimensional fabrication without crossovers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:864–868, 2016
A new model of metasurface used for linear‐to‐circular polarization conversion in antenna array
Authors: Montalvão Emanuele S. R. , Montalvão Augusto C. P. S. , Campos Antonio L. P. S. , Gomes Neto Alfredo 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article, the authors propose a new model of metasurface able to convert linearly polarized signals in circularly polarized signals for a planar antenna array designed to operate at the ISM frequency band (2.45 GHz). All simulated results were obtained using the Ansoft HFSS™ software. The prototypes were produced and their transmission characteristics were measured. A good agreement between simulated and measured results was obtained. The proposed structure presents a linear‐to‐circular polarization conversion feature, with good bandwidth and axial ratio. Besides, the structure is simple and maintains the advantages of low profile and low cost. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:861–864, 2016
A skewed omega for LHM characteristics
Authors: Panda Asit K. , Mishra Rabindra K. , Sahu Sudhakar 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis letter reports numerical and experimental study on a concentric‐edge‐coupled low‐loss MTM structure composed of concentric skewed omega inclusion and capacitive strip wire unit cells for DNG behavior via transmission and reflection characteristics. Modified NRW method provides effective medium parameters, refractive index, and the dispersion characteristic from simulated S‐parameters. It is shown that this MTM exhibits DNG behavior over 3.65–4.53 GHz band. It also investigates the effect of geometrical parameters, like strip width, slit gap, length and width of each side, and arc length on magnetic resonant frequency. Incidence of perpendicularly polarized electromagnetic wave on a host medium embedding metallic skewed omega inclusions interact shows negative material parameters for the composite media in the frequency band of interest. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:847–850, 2016
Compact multiband monopole antenna for UMTS, WiMAX, and WLAN applications
Authors: Jalali A.R. , Ahamdi‐Shokouh J. , Emadian S.R. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this letter, a compact multiband microstrip‐fed planar monopole antenna is presented. The proposed antenna has three resonance modes which cover three bands of wireless standards including universal mobile telecommunications system band (1920–2170 MHz), 3.5 GHz worldwide interoperability for microwave access band (3.4–3.6 GHz), and 5.2 GHz wireless local area network band (5.15–5.35 GHz). The antenna has a simple structure which consists of a rectangular radiation patch with two symmetric folded slots for size reduction, a step‐shaped microstrip feed line, and a rectangular ground plane. Owing to fully printed, simple and small configuration, the proposed antenna fabrication is cost effective. The designed antenna has a total dimensions of 30 × 34×0.8 mm3 which makes this antenna a good candidate for mobile communication applications. The radiation characteristics such as gain, radiation patterns and radiation efficiency of the suggested antenna are investigated. The antenna radiates Omni‐directionally in H‐plane and bidirectionally in the E‐plane. In this design, very high radiation efficiency over the operating bands is obtained. According to the mentioned advantages, the proposed antenna can be a good choice for multiband wireless applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:844–847, 2016
Compact penta‐band microstrip antenna
Authors: Srivastava Kunal , Kumar Ashwani , Kanaujia Binod K. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTThis article presents the compact penta‐band microstrip antenna. The frequency bands of the antenna are WLAN 2.6 GHz (2.56–2.63 GHz), 3.0 GHz (2.94–3.05 GHz), WiMax 3.4 GHz (3.34–3.55 GHz), 4.85 GHz (4.81–4.92 GHz) and WLAN 5.3 GHz (5.27–5.34 GHz). The antenna is rectangular spiral shape and size of the antenna is 20 × 20 mm2. The structures are analysed using Ansoft HFSS v.11 based on Finite Element Method (FEM) and measured results satisfy the simulated results. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:836–838, 2016
Frequency multiplexing spatial super‐resolved sensing for RADAR applications
Authors: Mizrahi Moshe , Holdengreber Eldad , Farber Eli , Zalevsky Zeev 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTIn this article a RADAR scanning method, based on microwave photonics was presented. The operation principle was based on an antenna array radiating on a far‐field target, where the radiation spectral curve was divided so that different spatial sub resolution segments within the target area were illuminated by a different microwave frequency. Thus, although the radiation that is back reflected from those spatially sub resolution segments was mixed in the detecting single small aperture antenna, due to the frequency encoding, their detector could back separate them and could reconstruct signal with higher spatial resolving capability. Experimental and simulation results were presented for one‐dimensional and two‐dimensional antenna array. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:831–835, 2016
Omnidirectional wide‐band E‐shaped cylindrical patch antenna with horizontal polarization
Authors: Svezhentsev Alexander Y. , Volski Vladimir , Yan Sen , Vandenbosch Guy A.E. 
Published: February 2016

ABSTRACTAn omnidirectional wide‐band cylindrical microstrip array antenna (CMAA) in the frequency range 2.05–2.55 GHz with horizontal polarization is proposed. The antenna consists of two radiating elements fed by probes and symmetrically located on the opposite sides of a textile substrate mounted on a ground cylinder. The radiating element consists of two strongly coupled E‐shaped patches connected by a microstrip line. A prototype has been fabricated and measured. The deviation of the radiation pattern from omnidirectionality in the horizontal plane does not exceed 4 dB. The reached −10 dB bandwidth is 22% and the directivity is 2.14 dBi at 2.3 GHz. The agreement between simulations and measurements is good. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:875–877, 2016