bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exact geometry solid-shell element based on a sampling surfaces technique for 3D stress analysis of doubly-curved composite shells
Authors: Kulikov G. M. , Mamontov A. A. , Plotnikova S. V. , Mamontov S. A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA hybrid-mixed ANS four-node shell element by
using the sampling surfaces (SaS) technique is developed.
The SaS formulation is based on choosing inside the nth
layer In not equally spaced SaS parallel to the middle surface
of the shell in order to introduce the displacements
of these surfaces as basic shell variables. Such choice of
unknowns with the consequent use of Lagrange polynomials
of degree In − 1 in the thickness direction for each
layer permits the presentation of the layered shell formulation
in a very compact form. The SaS are located inside
each layer at Chebyshev polynomial nodes that allows one
to minimize uniformly the error due to the Lagrange interpolation.
To implement the efficient analytical integration
throughout the element, the enhanced ANS method
is employed. The proposed hybrid-mixed four-node shell
element is based on the Hu-Washizu variational equation
and exhibits a superior performance in the case of coarse
meshes. It could be useful for the 3D stress analysis of thick
and thin doubly-curved shells since the SaS formulation
gives the possibility to obtain numerical solutions with a
prescribed accuracy, which asymptotically approach the
exact solutions of elasticity as the number of SaS tends to
infinity.
Purinergic signaling and the functioning of the nervous system cells
Authors: Puchałowicz Kamila , Baranowska-Bosiacka Irena , Dziedziejko Violetta , Chlubek Dariusz 
Published: November 2015

AbstractPurinergic signaling in the nervous system has been the focus of a considerable number of studies since the 1970s. The P2X and P2Y receptors are involved in the initiation of purinergic signaling. They are very abundant in the central and peripheral nervous systems, where they are expressed on the surface of neurons and glial cells - microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and Schwann cells and the precursors of the latter two. Their ligands - extracellular nucleotides - are released in the physiological state by astrocytes and neurons forming synaptic connections, and are essential for the proper functioning of nervous system cells. Purinergic signaling plays a crucial role in neuromodulation, neurotransmission, myelination in the CNS and PNS, intercellular communication, the regulation of ramified microglia activity, the induction of the response to damaging agents, the modulation of synaptic activity and other glial cells by astrocytes, and the induction of astrogliosis. Understanding these mechanisms and the fact that P2 receptors and their ligands are involved in the pathogenesis of diseases of the nervous system may help in the design of drugs with different and more effective mechanisms of action.
Between Patriotism and Far-Right Extremism: A Case of Youth Activism in Matica slovenská
Authors: Priečko Martin 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This case study discusses a youth branch of Matica slovenská, a pro-Slovak culture organization. It is based on in-depth research of the structure of the organization and it focuses on basic characteristics of functioning of this social movement such as funding, membership base, political orientation, civic engagement, patriotic activities and also the causes of negative media presentation. Presented material pointed to a thin boundary between the perception of positive manifestations of patriotism and at the same time negative (even extremist) connotations of such manifestations in Slovak society. This duplicate perception of patriotic activities is reflected not only in polarization of opinion in society but also on the level of political, media and public communication. Thus, the article is a small probe from the scene of youth activism with an ambition to point out to such a diverse perception of patriotic organizations/activities in present-day Slovak society.
Memorial of Vasil Biľak: Did the Truth Really Remained Truth?
Authors: Jašek Peter 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The paper deals with the memorial of Vasil Biľak that was unveiled in Krajná Bystrá in Eastern Slovakia in February 2015. However, Vasil Biľak was considered as a very negative figure for his participation at the Warsaw Pact occupation in 1968. The paper points out some gaps in the remembrance policy in Slovakia after the fall of communism and also some inconsistency that accompanied the process of the coming to terms with the totalitarian history of Slovakia.
Efficient Nonlinear Energy Harvesting with Wrinkled Piezoelectric Membranes
Authors: Neri Igor , López-Suárez Miquel 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
We investigate the performance of a piezoelectric energy harvester with nonlinearity induced by wrinkles. Linear and nonlinear regimes are detected in the electric response of the device when sweeping the intensity of the external excitation. Those regimes are related to the activation of a nonlinear mechanical response that appears when increasing the excitation amplitude. The wrinkles have been found to improve the power density and the normalized power density, in a certain noise power range.
Steam turbine stress control using NARX neural network
Authors: Dominiczak Krzysztof , Rzadkowski Romuald , Radulski Wojciech 
Published: November 2015

AbstractConsidered here is concept of steam turbine stress control, which is based on Nonlinear AutoRegressive neural networks with eXogenous inputs. Using NARX neural networks,whichwere trained based on experimentally validated FE model allows to control stresses in protected thickwalled steam turbine element with FE model quality. Additionally NARX neural network, which were trained base on FE model, includes: nonlinearity of steam expansion in turbine steam path during transients, nonlinearity of heat exchange inside the turbine during transients and nonlinearity of material properties during transients. In this article NARX neural networks stress controls is shown as an example of HP rotor of 18K390 turbine. HP part thermodynamic model as well as heat exchange model in vicinity of HP rotor,whichwere used in FE model of the HP rotor and the HP rotor FE model itself were validated based on experimental data for real turbine transient events. In such a way it is ensured that NARX neural network behave as real HP rotor during steam turbine transient events.
Social Issues Affecting Families of Children with Congenital Heart Defects – Introduction and Research Postulates
Authors: Sapała Barbara 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The functioning of children with congenital heart defects and their families in society is discussed rarely and too generally in the literature. Medical personnel, educators and caretakers have very little knowledge about this chronic disease and its prevalence. This lack of knowledge generates two extreme and undesirable attitudes: unjustified fear and negligence of the disease and its consequences. Both attitudes prevent a thorough understanding of the problem, in particular the aspects that influence the social life of children and their parents. As a result, the families of affected children are often left to their own devices, and they receive support only from other parents who are faced with the same problem or from non-governmental organizations. Educators, psychologists and sociologists should be encouraged to develop a cohesive support system based on reliable research results, and to implement measures that would enable young patients and their families to function better in society.
Transactional Analysis as a Method to Test the Quality of Life of a Family
Authors: Strzelczyk Dorota 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
One of the actions that affect the quality of life of the family as a complex system of relationships is interpersonal communication that takes place between the members of the family. In line with the transactional analysis, the trend in psychology founded by E. Berne, relationships between individuals should be based on honest and open disclosure of one’s desires and attitudes, i.e. variety of transactions. Otherwise, there are specific game leading to maintain and increase the distance between family members, weaken the ties between them and leading to a reduction in the quality of interpersonal relationships.
The paper below aims to make closer the problems of transactional analysis, beginning from the explanation of the structure of “Ego” according to Berne and the terms “transactions”, “reinforcement” and “life scripts”. There will be presented also games played in family environment and their consequences for the proper functioning of the family.
Interactivity of Mass Media to the Activity of the Child at School and Outside It
Authors: Markiewicz Elżbieta , Skawina Ireneusz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Article: Interactivity of Mass Media to the Activity of the Child at School and Outside It, is an attempt to show, from one side, roles which in contemporary reality are performed by publishers, on the other to arouse awareness of defined threats of communicated contents which are exerting influence on family functioning and the education process. It also means the simultaneous effort taken in order to formulate positive, as well as pejorative influences of mass media on conducts of the child with the simultaneous suggestion for parents and carers, with regards to the conducts essential to the safety of their charges.
The present time of the 21st century constitutes the standardized conglomeration saturated with the ideology of global order. Everything strives for progress and connected permanent profit as well as fast (immediate) effects of decisions and actions, forms circumstances in which media fill child’s free time which is often free of parental supervision. In consequence, contemporary childhood, appears to be the peculiar developmental period, in which mass publishers dominate and play the decisive part. Shifting the educational accent results in polarization of the social roles cause that with the consent of adults children become media helots.
Significance of Siblings for the Child’s Development
Authors: Prokosz Małgorzata 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This article analyzed the importance of having siblings in psychological and social growth of a child. It is not a frequently undertaken issue by Polish scholars, hence the point of references is made within foreign studies. The reflections concentrate on the significance of bonds between the siblings, their position in a family and relations depending on the order of arrival to the family, or the child’s gender. The question of sibling rivalry is signaled, as well as overtaking parental roles by the eldest child. Moreover, positive aspects of having sibling are stressed, accompanied by problems that can occur upon giving birth to the youngest child. Last but not least, the article provides some guidelines for parents with bigger number of children, so problems within such families can be avoided or minimized.
Father’s Role in Children’s Upbringing
Authors: Zajdel Krzysztof 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
This articles tackles the issue of the importance of a father for his family, particularly own children. It provides a small historical description of changes that occurred within families from the prehistoric times until the postindustrial era, whereas the second part of the article provides an attempt to examine and compare children’s and parents’ opinions on the role of the father in a contemporary family, stressing his importance. The sample research was carried out amongst pupils of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd primary school grade. The conclusions that have been drawn might come across as surprising, nonetheless, it is worth to refer to more expanded research to seek the answer to the question on father’s role from the period of childhood to the phase of becoming independent.
The Meaning of Family in Fighting the Pathological Habit of Smoking Electronic Cigarettes
Authors: Ignatowski Grzegorz 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Among the important pathological phenomena for our contemporary social life, among others, workaholism, internetoholism, addiction to mobile phones as well as drug addiction are listed. Smoking electronic cigarettes should also be regarded as an element of the phenomena exhibiting signs of addiction. Currently there are no formal restrictions that would not allow their use in public places. Their smoking is therefore dependent on the education and personal culture. Research conducted by the author of this paper confirms that the most important transmitter of culture is still the immediate family. In families then one should seek an ally in education to ensure that electronic cigarettes should not be smoked in public areas. The conclusion is therefore that education regarding treatment of electronic cigarettes as something bad and inappropriate should also cover the parents.
Social Determinants of Childcare in Poland in 1991–2014
Authors: Karpenko Oresta 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The article highlights major changes in systematic approach to family, establishment of institutions for child and family support, recognition of the priority of family-based care, decentralization of administration and financing of childcare institutions in Poland. The government tried to introduce a number of changes in legislation that would significantly improve the condition of the child. Childcare reforms in the 1990’s and at the beginning of the 21st century aimed at modernizing local government and local organizations to provide appropriate childcare and social assistance to parents. The paradigm shift in social policy on child and family care determines the priority of family support aimed at creating comfortable conditions for the child. Nowadays the main objective of the family supportive policy of any country is to protect the child from the foster care model.
Behaviour Disorders of Children with the Feeling of Alienation
Authors: Cudak Henryk 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Family constitutes a social, emotional, biological, and axiological environment which is hard to be substituted by other environments. The significance of family in children’s development, especially during the first development stages, is extremely high. The negative phenomenon in the family environment manifesting itself in indifference or even in only partly conscious emotional alienation, evokes the feeling of alienation in a child.
Emotional Support – Methodological Aspects of Measuring the Quality of Comfort-intended Communication
Authors: Zdybel Dorota 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
The aim of this article is to present methodological aspects of research on comforting language skills, evaluating the quality and sophistication of supportintended messages, and explaining key factors underlying the potential effectiveness of emotional support in case of “emotional conflicts”. Research proves that the core of support-intended message is “person centeredness”, defined as the ability to explicitly acknowledge and elaborate, legitimize the subjective perspective of a distressed partner [Burleson 2010]. Empirical operationalization of this concept underlies the development of hierarchical coding system for sensitivity of comforting strategies, which nowadays is one of the most popular tools to evaluate the quality of supporting communication. The main assumptions of this coding system have been presented, together with its structure and criteria of analyzing the potential comforting effectiveness. At the end, cultural stereotypes and misconceptions descending the quality of support-intended behaviours were addressed.
Evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyl degradation through refuse from Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus bisporus production
Authors: Gąsecka Monika , Drzewiecka Kinga , Siwulski Marek , Sobieralski Krzysztof 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
White rot fungi (WRF) are known to have the ability to degrade organic pollutants with a structure similar to lignin. Because of this, the degradation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) congeners no. 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 and 180 by substrate before fruiting (substrate) and/or after fruiting (SMS) from cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinula edodes and Agaricus bisporus was examined. The experiment was carried out in four replications for each treatment using a mixture of substrate/SMS and sandy soil with PCBs at a concentration of each congener at 50 and 100 μg kg−1 soil DW. The results indicate that degradation was dependent on substrate/SMS addition, the concentration of PCBs and time of incubation. The efficiency of PCB degradation was generally reduced with the number of chlorine atoms in the structure of congeners: 28, 52, 101, 138, 153 or 180. In all combinations, degradation increased with incubation time. Degradation by SMS was lower in comparison to degradation by a substrate of the same mushroom. The degree of degradation of a single PCB after 12 weeks of incubation for A. bisporus ranged from 31.32 ± 1.52 to 83.91 ± 1.07%, while for P. ostreatus it was between 37.88 ± 2.54 and 78.29 ± 1.41%; for L. edodes it ranged from 17.38 ± 1.06 to 75.30 ± 1.46%. The best average degradation was confirmed for 20% SMS of A. bisporus at 50 μg kg−1 PCB.
Improved Cross Polarization and Broad Impedance Bandwidth from Simple Single Element Shorted Rectangular Microstrip Patch: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Poddar Rakshapada , Chakraborty Subhradeep , Chattopadhyay Sudipta 
Published: November 2015

AbstractA simple, compact and single element rectangular microstrip antenna with three pairs of shorting plates has been proposed and investigated experimentally for broad impedance bandwidth and improved cross polarized (XP) radiation compared to maximum co-polarized (CO) gain without affecting the co-polarized radiation pattern. Around 25–40 dB isolation between copolarized radiation to cross polarized radiation (CO-XP isolation) along with 1.32 GHz impedance bandwidth is achieved with the proposed structure. The present structure is very simple and easy to manufacture and provides high CO-XP isolation over entire angular range around the broadside direction. Moreover, the present structure is free from back radiation in terms of XP fields. The present investigation provides an insightful, visualization-based understanding of concurrent improvement in impedance bandwidth and the XP radiation characteristics with the present structure.
Efficient synthesis and fungicidal activities of strobilurin analogues containing benzofuro [3,2-d]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinone side chains
Authors: Hu Yang-Gen , Li Li , Zhang Qiong-Yao , Zhang Ai-Nv , Feng Chun , He Ping 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
An efficient method for the preparation of strobilurin analogues containing benzofuro[3,2-d]-1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinone side chains were reported. This method is based on the reaction of functionalized iminophosphoranes with carbon disulfide via aza-Wittig reaction. The preliminary investigations on the biological activities show that the majority of compounds synthesized have moderate fungicidal activities against six kinds of fungi at a concentration of 50 mg/L.
Importance of complex diagnostic approach in differential diagnosis of alveolar echinococcosis
Authors: Szilágyiová M. , Laca Ľ. , Antolová D. , Nováková E. , Rosoľanka R. , Reiterová K. , Šimeková K. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Alveolar and cystic echinococcosis, serious parasitic diseases caused by larval stages of Echinococcus multilocularis and E. granulosus has been diagnosed in Slovakia for a long time. Study presents case of 49-years old patient with accidentally diagnosed one big (60 mm) and multiple small (2 - 24 mm) hypoechogenic structures localised in right liver lobe. According to positive serology to E. granulosus antigen and results of imaging examinations the patient was classifi ed as possible case of cystic echinococcosis and treated with mebendazole. Later, due to the worsening of clinical, laboratory and CT fi ndings surgical biopsy was performed and surgical biopsy and subsequent PCR examination of liver tissue confi rmed the diagnosis of alveolar echinococosis. Clinical picture of disease imitating cystic echinococcosis in presented case report, together with results of serological tests confi rmed importance of accurate differential diagnosis of echinococcosis. Each aspect of clinical and laboratory results should be considered responsibly, however, sometimes only molecular techniques can solve the problem of differential diagnosis.
The helminth fauna of Apathya cappadocica (Werner, 1902) (Anatolian Lizard) (Squamata: Lacertidae) from Turkey
Authors: Birlik S. , Yildirimhan H. S. , Sümer N. , Ilgaz Ç. , Kumlutaş  , Güçlü Ö. , Durmuş S. H. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
A total of thirty-one Anatolian Lizard, Apathya cappacocica, samples from several provinces of Eastern and South-Eastern Turkey were examined for helminths. Two species of Nematoda, including Spauligodon atlanticus, Skrjabinodon medinae; two species of Cestoda, including Mesocestoides sp. tetrahydia and Oochoristica tuberculata and one species of Acanthocephala, Centrorhynchus sp. were found. This is the first helminth record of A. cappodocica from Turkey. A. cappadocica represents a new host record for each of the parasite species. S. atlanticus is reported from Turkey for the fi rst time.
Cathaemasia hians infection in Black stork in Slovakia: morphological and histopathological study
Authors: Königová A. , Hrčková G. , Molnár L. , Major P. , Várady M. 
Published: November 2015

Summary
Cathaemasia hians is an obligate trematode parasite of Black storks that are on the List of protected birds in Europe. In the present study, adult trematodes were isolated from the Black stork post mortem and morphological study revealed C. hians species. In total, 10 worms were found in the oesophagus and the ventriculus of the bird. Histopathological examination of the tissue samples of oesophagus, proventriculus and ventriculus was performed on paraffin sections using a set of staining procedures. The sporadic lesions were seen in the tela submucosa of oesophagus containing connective tissue mast cells, eosinophils and heterophils and some foci were surrounded by the fibrous tissue. In addition, a few inflammatory nodules had larval-like material inside, probably being of the same species. There were no visible morphological alterations in the epithelial layer of lamina propria mucosae of proventriculus, rich in goblet cells as well as in the tela submucosa. Majority of trematodes were localized in the ventriculus, where the lamina propria mucosae was damaged or disrupted sporadically. In these sites, in the tela submucosa, a various food-originated inorganic/organic material and eggs of C. hians were deposited, stimulating a weak inflammatory response. Nodules containing larvae were not observed in any of ventriculus tissue layers. This study demonstrated, for the first time, infection with adults of C. hians trematode in the Black stork nesting in Slovakia. The presence of larvae and eggs in the tissues of the upper gastrointestinal tract of bird was associated with mild inflammatory response but feeding behaviour of adult worms in the ventriculus probably contributed to the enhanced susceptibility of the lamina propria mucosae to mechanical damage by inorganic material. Although larval stages have not yet been documented in the intermediate hosts in Slovakia, our report indicates that the life cycle of C. hians might occur in Central Europe.