bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simplified and optimized multispectral imaging for 5-ALA-based fluorescence diagnosis of malignant lesions
Authors: Minamikawa Takeo , Matsuo Hisataka , Kato Yoshiyuki , Harada Yoshinori , Otsuji Eigo , Yanagisawa Akio , Tanaka Hideo , Takamatsu Tetsuro 
Published: May 2016

Abstract5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA)-based fluorescence diagnosis is now clinically applied for accurate and ultrarapid diagnosis of malignant lesions such as lymph node metastasis during surgery. 5-ALA-based diagnosis evaluates fluorescence intensity of a fluorescent metabolite of 5-ALA, protoporphyrin IX (PPIX); however, the fluorescence of PPIX is often affected by autofluorescence of tissue chromophores, such as collagen and flavins. In this study, we demonstrated PPIX fluorescence estimation with autofluorescence elimination for 5-ALA-based fluorescence diagnosis of malignant lesions by simplified and optimized multispectral imaging. We computationally optimized observation wavelength regions for the estimation of PPIX fluorescence in terms of minimizing prediction error of PPIX fluorescence intensity in the presence of typical chromophores, collagen and flavins. By using the fluorescence intensities of the optimized wavelength regions, we verified quantitative detection of PPIX fluorescence by using chemical mixtures of PPIX, flavins and collagen. Furthermore, we demonstrated detection capability by using metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes of colorectal cancer patients. These results suggest the potential and usefulness of the background-free estimation method of PPIX fluorescence for 5-ALA-based fluorescence diagnosis of malignant lesions and we expect this method to be beneficial for intraoperative and rapid cancer diagnosis.
Novel structural aspect of the diatom thylakoid membrane: lateral segregation of photosystem I under red-enhanced illumination
Authors: Bína David , Herbstová Miroslava , Gardian Zdenko , Vácha František , Litvín Radek 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSpatial segregation of photosystems in the thylakoid membrane (lateral heterogeneity) observed in plants and in the green algae is usually considered to be absent in photoautotrophs possessing secondary plastids, such as diatoms. Contrary to this assumption, here we show that thylakoid membranes in the chloroplast of a marine diatom, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, contain large areas occupied exclusively by a supercomplex of photosystem I (PSI) and its associated Lhcr antenna. These membrane areas, hundreds of nanometers in size, comprise hundreds of tightly packed PSI-antenna complexes while lacking other components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Analyses of the spatial distribution of the PSI-Lhcr complexes have indicated elliptical particles, each 14 × 17 nm in diameter. On larger scales, the red-enhanced illumination exerts a significant effect on the ultrastructure of chloroplasts, creating superstacks of tens of thylakoid membranes.
Long-Term Effect of Endoscopic Sympathetic Nerve Reconstruction for Side Effects after Endoscopic Sympathectomy
Authors: Telaranta Timo , Rantanen Tuomo 
Published: May 2016

Background Endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS) is an effective treatment for primary hyperhidrosis. However, compensatory sweating (CS) may occur in many patients. Sympathetic nerve reconstruction (SNR) can be used to counteract severe CS, but the studies on the effects of SNR are few.
Patients and Methods Nineteen out of 150 SNR patients were contacted by employing a long-term questionnaire. In this questionnaire, different kinds of sweating were evaluated using a four-graded symptom analysis and the visual analog scale before ETS, after ETS, and after SNR.
Results The mean age of the 16 male and 3 female patients at the SNR was 32 years. The mean follow-up was 87 months. According to the long-term questionnaire, the benefit was either excellent (4 patients, 21%), good (3 patients, 15.8%), or reasonable (7 patients, 36.8%) in 14 patients (73.8%), while the benefit was questionable in 1 patient (5.3%). For three patients (15.8%), no benefit was found, and in one patient (5.3%), the situation had deteriorated.
Conclusions Improvement in the side effects of ETS after SNR was found in nearly 75% of the patients. This indicates that SNR can be considered as an alternative treatment for patients with severe CS after ETS that is unresponsive to conservative treatment.
A radio detection survey of narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies using very long baseline interferometry at 22 GHz
Authors: Doi Akihiro , Oyama Tomoaki , Kono Yusuke , Yamauchi Aya , Suzuki Syunsaku , Matsumoto Naoko , Tazaki Fumie 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
We conducted a high-sensitivity radio detection survey for 40 narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies using a very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) technique at 22 GHz through phase-referencing long-time integration and using a newly developing recorder with a data rate of 8 Gbps, which is a candidate of the next generation VLBI data recording systems of the Japanese VLBI Network. The baseline sensitivity was typically a few mJy. The observations resulted in a detection rate of 12/40 for our radio-selected NLS1 sample: 11 out of the 12 detected NLS1s showed inverted radio spectra between 1.4 and 22 GHz on the basis of the Very Large Array flux densities and the VLBI detections. These high fractions suggest that a compact radio core with a high brightness temperature is frequently associated with NLS1 nuclei. On the other hand, at least half of the sample indicated apparently steep spectra even with the limited VLBI sensitivity. Both the inverted and the steep spectrum radio sources are included in the NLS1 population.
Disentangling the relationship between high-involvement-work-systems and job satisfaction
Authors: Ollo-López Andrea , Bayo-Moriones Alberto , Larraza-Kintana Martin 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to study how high-involvement work systems (HIWS) affect job satisfaction, and tries to disentangle the mechanisms through which the effect occurs.Design/methodology/approach– The authors use data for a representative sample of 10,112 Spanish employees. In order to test the mediation mechanism implied by the hypotheses, the authors follow the procedure outlined in Baron and Kenny (1986). Given the nature of the dependent variables, ordered probit models were estimated to study the effect of HIWS on the mediating variables (job interest, effort and wages), and regression models were estimated to analyze the effect of HIWS on the final attitudinal variable (job satisfaction).Findings– Empirical results show that HIWS results in higher levels of effort, higher wages and perceptions of a more interesting job. Moreover, greater involuntary physical effort reduces job satisfaction while higher wages, greater voluntary effort, involuntary mental effort and having an interesting job increase job satisfaction. The net effect of these opposing forces on job satisfaction is positive.Research limitations/implications– The use of secondary data posits some constrains in aspects such as the type of measures or the failure to control for personal traits. Additionally, the non-longitudinal nature of the data set implies that some relationships cannot be considered causal in the intended direction.Practical implications– Managers should implement HIWS since in general they increase job satisfaction. A significant portion of this positive effect is channeled through perceptions of interesting job, higher wages and increased effort demands. Managers should pay attention to implementation issues.Originality/value– The paper contributes to enrich the understanding of the relationship between the HIWS and job satisfaction, proposing a model that aims to disentangle the mediating mechanisms through which HIPWS affect job satisfaction. Unlike previous attempts, this model integrates opposing views about the positive or negative effects associated with HIWS.
Validation of the Urdu version of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity within a sample of Pakistani incarcerated delinquents
Authors: Shagufta Sonia , Dhingra Katie , Debowska Agata , Kola-Palmer Derrol 
Published: May 2016

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to examine the dimensionality, composite reliability, and incremental validity of the Measure of Criminal Social Identity (MCSI) in a sample of Pakistani incarcerated delinquents (n=315) following translation of the measure into Urdu.

Design/methodology/approach
– Four alternative factor models, with uncorrelated measurement error terms, were specified and tested using confirmatory factor analysis and bifactor modelling techniques.

Findings
– Results indicated that a three-factor model provided a better fit to the data than the alternative models tested. The reliability of the scale was established using composite reliability. Furthermore, structural equation modelling revealed that the three MCSI factors were differentially related with external variables, indicating that the MCSI measures substantially different domains.

Research limitations/implications
– Implications for theory and future research are discussed.

Originality/value
– The results add valuable evidence as to the cross-cultural applicability of the MCSI.
An inductive typology of the interrelations between different components of intellectual capital
Authors: Albertini Elisabeth 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to enhance knowledge of the full set of interrelations between IC components by providing an inductive typology of their strategic interactions.Design/methodology/approach– To answer the research question the author conducted a content analysis of CEOs’ letters to shareholders published by 122 companies among the 200 first companies from the Fortune Global 500 from 2008 to 2012.Findings– The results show that these three IC components interact with each other around the central position held by relational and structural capital and to a lesser extent human capital. Companies that have a positive evolution in the ranking focus significantly more on the structural capital while those who have a negative evolution in the ranking mention more the relational capital.Research limitations/implications– The study is based on the CEOs’ letters that might limit the generalization of the findings. Nonetheless, this research highlights a full and fruitful set of interrelations between IC components providing a business practices-oriented typology.Practical implications– This study provides deep insights into the interrelations between IC components that can significantly help managers to identify the strategic connections between IC dimensions.Originality/value– This study contributes to the literature by expanding the actual academic classification of IC to five clusters of components. This research highlights that relational capital interacting with structural capital holds a central position in companies’ business strategy.
Identity and initial structure in inter-firm alliances: a social identity perspective
Authors: Uzuegbunam Ikenna 
Published: May 2016

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to examine how firms use the identities of their alliance partners in choosing initial governance structures in strategic alliances. It proposes that social identity from the perspective of an established firm participating in an inter-firm alliance can be constructed on the basis of ownership categories and market categories of the firm’s alliance partners.Design/methodology/approach– The study focusses on a sample of 478 alliances involving 36 focal firms in the US semiconductor industry over a nine-year period (1995-2003). The sample is analyzed using logistic regression methods.Findings– The author finds evidence suggesting that joint venture (JV) structures are more likely when an alliance has more partners that identify as privately held firms or subsidiaries of other firms. The results also suggest that JV structures are more likely when an alliance involves strong product market identity with partners and less likely when an alliance involves strong geographic identity with partners.Originality/value– These findings provide some novel insights into potential heuristics that alliance managers use in making initial alliance structure decisions. In particular, this paper contributes to a growing stream of research that considers the optimal alliance structures for different partner configurations by showing the potential influence of partners’ identities in simplifying these important decisions.
The inverted U curve and emergency medicine: Overdiagnosis and the law of unintended consequences
Authors: Fatovich Daniel M 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe all think and assume that more is better, but unintended consequences can arise in a complex system. However, in our complex world, everything of consequence follows an inverted U curve. The inverted U curve helps us challenge our natural assumption that more is better. This leads us to the issue of overdiagnosis and the harms that result. Journals are now publishing lists of studies where more medical care caused harm. Changing diagnostic thresholds together with the fear of uncertainty by both patients and doctors has a synergistic and costly effect on the health system. The over‐reliance on technology tends to supplant clinical judgement. This intervention bias promotes the overutilisation of diagnostic testing. What patients actually value is thinking doctors who talk to them. Promoting clinical judgement reinforces the mantra that less is more, resulting in positively intended consequences. This essay aims to be a thought‐provoking commentary of our practice.
Imaging for patients presenting to an emergency department with back pain: Impact on patient pathway
Authors: McCaughey Euan J , Li Ling , Georgiou Andrew , Golding Michael HG , Westbrook Johanna I 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present study is to quantify utilisation of imaging for patients presenting to an ED with back pain, their characteristics and dispositions.MethodsA retrospective cohort study of 1132 ED presentations for back pain to an Australian metropolitan ED in 2013 was performed. Patient demographics, rates of radiography, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging and rates of subsequent admission and ED re‐presentation were analysed.ResultsPatients aged 26–35 years were the largest group presenting with back pain (19.4% of presentations), with the majority being female (52.3%). Imaging was requested at 29.5% (n = 334) of presentations (radiography n = 297; advanced imaging n = 63). Patients over 70 years had higher imaging rates than younger patients (49.4% vs 25.5%, P < 0.001). Imaging was not associated with attendance during or outside office hours (29.3% vs 31.8%, P = 0.4). Of presentations, 34.1% resulted in admission, with no association between imaging and admission (31.8% vs 36.0%, P = 0.2) or ED re‐presentation for back pain in the same year (6.5% vs 9.7%, P = 0.09).ConclusionThis study provides benchmark data on the use of imaging for back pain in an Australian ED, an area which has been largely unexplored. The rate of imaging in the ED was higher than previously reported in a General Practice setting. Consistent with guidelines, patients older than 70 were more than twice as likely to receive imaging compared to younger patients. It was beyond the scope of the current study to determine whether these images were clinically indicated and further research is required to determine if initiatives to reduce imaging in this population are warranted.
Ocular autofluorescence in diabetes mellitus. A review
Authors: Calvo‐Maroto Ana M. , Perez‐Cambrodi Rafael J. , Garcia‐Lazaro Santiago , Ferrer‐Blasco Teresa , Cerviño Alejandro 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDiabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease with a considerable impact on healthcare owing to its increased prevalence and high mortality rate. Structural, morphological, and physiological changes in each of the ocular components have been described in detail. Autofluorescence has been described as a good indicator of metabolic activity. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview of ocular endogenous fluorophores in the cornea, the crystalline lens, and the retinal pigment epithelium, the effects of diabetes mellitus and therefore the potential of autofluorescence assessment for screening and monitoring changes in diabetic patients.
Global Emergency Medicine: A Review of the Literature From 2015
Authors: Becker Torben K. , Hansoti Bhakti , Bartels Susan , Bisanzo Mark , Jacquet Gabrielle A. , Lunney Kevin , Marsh Regan , Osei‐Ampofo Maxwell , Trehan Indi , Lam Christopher , Levine Adam C. ,   the Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) Group
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectivesThe Global Emergency Medicine Literature Review (GEMLR) conducts an annual search of peer‐reviewed and gray literature relevant to global emergency medicine (EM) to identify, review, and disseminate the most important new research in this field to a global audience of academics and clinical practitioners.MethodsThis year 12,435 articles written in six languages were identified by our search. These articles were distributed among 20 reviewers for initial screening based on their relevance to the field of global EM. An additional two reviewers searched the gray literature. A total of 723 articles were deemed appropriate by at least one reviewer and approved by their editor for formal scoring of overall quality and importance. Two independent reviewers scored all articles.ResultsA total of 723 articles met our predetermined inclusion criteria and underwent full review. Sixty percent were categorized as emergency care in resource‐limited settings (ECRLS), 17% as EM development (EMD), and 23% as disaster and humanitarian response (DHR). Twenty‐four articles received scores of 18.5 or higher out of a maximum score 20 and were selected for formal summary and critique. Inter‐rater reliability between reviewers gave an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.71 (95% confidence interval = 0.66 to 0.75). Studies and reviews with a focus on infectious diseases, trauma, and the diagnosis and treatment of diseases common in resource‐limited settings represented the majority of articles selected for final review.ConclusionsIn 2015, there were almost twice as many articles found by our search compared to the 2014 review. The number of EMD articles increased, while the number ECRLS articles decreased. The number of DHR articles remained stable. As in prior years, the majority of articles focused on infectious diseases.
Risk factors and characteristics of suicide attempts among 381 suicidal adolescents
Authors: Hedeland Rikke Lindgaard , Teilmann Grete , Jørgensen Marianne Hørby , Thiesen Line Rejkjær , Andersen Jesper ,   Study‐Associated Pediatric Departments
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimThis study explored the relationships between suicidal adolescents and their parents, siblings and friends. It examined how much adolescents talked to their parents before suicide attempts, the frequency of self‐mutilation, the extent of suicidal ideation, previous suicide attempts and suicide attempts in the adolescent's surroundings.MethodsWe performed a cross‐sectional case–control study that focused on 381 adolescents aged 10–17 years who were admitted to hospitals across Denmark after suicide attempts with acetaminophen and 296 age‐ and gender‐matched controls recruited from schools. The study used questionnaires and medical and child psychiatric records.ResultsThe study group were ten times more likely to report dissociated parental relationships than the control group (41.5% versus 4%), and there were significant relationships between these reports and feelings of not being heard (p < 0.0001), dissociated relationships with friends (p < 0.0001) and siblings (p < 0.0001) and self‐mutilation (p = 0.009). Almost two‐thirds (62.5%) of the suicidal adolescents who tried to talk to their parents about their problems felt unheard, and there was a significant relationship between this feeling and the duration of suicidal ideation (p = 0.01) and self‐mutilation (p = 0.003).ConclusionEarly risk factors for suicide were dissociated relationships with parents, siblings and friends, feeling unheard, self‐mutilation and extended suicidal ideation.
Risk factors and morbidity of infantile haemangioma: preterm birth promotes ulceration
Authors: Castrén Eeva , Salminen Päivi , Gissler Mika , Stefanovic Vedran , Pitkäranta Anne , Klockars Tuomas 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAimWe identified the characteristics of an infantile haemangioma (IH) that predispose children to complications, interventions and long‐term morbidity and examined perinatal risk factors for IH.MethodsWe studied children with IHs admitted to Helsinki University Hospital's paediatric vascular anomaly clinic in Finland in 2004–2007 and registered perinatal records, IH characteristics, complications and interventions. These patients received a questionnaire on perinatal data and long‐term morbidity resulting from IH. We analysed factors related to complications, interventions and morbidity and compared our cohort's perinatal data to the Finnish Medical Birth Register (FMBR) figures.ResultsWe approached 185 families, of which 136 replied to the questionnaire. Children with facial, segmental and indeterminate IHs showed more complications, interventions and higher long‐term morbidity. Preterm birth predisposed infants to ulceration of IHs, with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.02–5.14 and odds ratio (OR) of 2.29. In addition to earlier known risks, maternal gestational diabetes mellitus rate was higher in our IH cohort than the rate in the FMBR (95% CI 1.39–4.95, OR 2.62).ConclusionPhysicians treating IHs should consider the elevated ulceration risk in preterm infants. The association between gestational diabetes mellitus and child's risk for an IH is uncertain and requires further research.
Effects of different source additives and wilt conditions on the pH value, aerobic stability, and carbohydrate and protein fractions of alfalfa silage
Authors: Tao Lian , Zhou He , Zhang Naifeng , Si Bingwen , Tu Yan , Ma Tao , Diao Qiyu 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTo improve the silage quality and reduce the silage additive cost, the present experiment was designed to evaluate the potential of applying the fermented juice of epiphytic lactic acid bacteria (FJLB) as an additive in alfalfa silage. The effects of FJLB on the fermentation quality, carbohydrate and protein fractions, and aerobic stability of alfalfa silage wilted under five different conditions were investigated and compared with commercial lactic acid bacteria (CLAB) and the control. The FJLB application decreased the pH value, the volatile fatty acids and non‐protein nitrogen content, and the loss of sugar by 9.9%, 22.9%, 19.6% and 9.6%, respectively; it increased the lactic acid concentration by 29.5% and the aerobic stability by 17 h in comparison to the control. The FJLB application also decreased the pH value (4.44 vs. 4.66) and volatile fatty acid content (38.32 vs. 44.82) and increased the lactic acid concentration (68.99 vs. 63.29) in comparison to the CLAB‐treated silage. However, the FJLB treatment had lower aerobic stability (254 h vs. 274 h) than the CLAB treatment. The FJLB application improved silage quality in comparison to the control; in addition, its effect as a fermentation stimulant may be comparable to or even better than CLAB.