bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimization of a Beam Shaping Assembly Design for Boron Neutron Capture Cancer Therapy Facility Based on 30 MeV Cyclotron
Authors: Ardana I Made , Kusminarto Kusminarto , Sardjono Yohannes 
Published: November 2017

A series of simulations has been carried out using a Monte Carlo N Particle X code to find out the final composition and configuration of a neutron Beam Shaping Assembly (BSA) to moderate the fast neutron flux which is generated from the thick disk-type beryllium target. The final configuration for neutron BSA design included 35 cm lead as reflector, 39 cm alumina as moderator, 8.2 cm lithium fluoride as fast neutron filter and 0.5 cm boron carbide as thermal neutron filter. Bismuth, lead fluoride, and lead were chosen as the aperture, reflector, and gamma shielding, respectively. The disk-type of beryllium target is 19 cm in diameter with 0.5 cm thickness which is covered by copper plate to hold the water pressured coolant. A higher yield of neutron production requires a higher intensity of proton beams, which generate much heats and causes the target material to melt. Therefore, it is useful to consider the temperature distribution on the target material with ﬂowing water coolant by means of computer modeling while designing the target. ANSYS-Fluent code will be used to estimate the thermal transfer and heat calculation in a solid target during beam irradiation. Epithermal neutron flux in the suggested design were 1,03x10<sup>9</sup> n/cm<sup>2</sup> s, with almost all IAEA parameters for BNCT BSA design has been satisfied.
OPTIMIZATION OF COLLIMATOR NEUTRON DESIGN FOR BORON NEUTRON-CAPTURE CANCER THERAPY (BNCT) BASED CYCLOTRON 30 MeV
Authors: Payudan Aniti , Haryadi Aris , Abdullatif Farzand 
Published: November 2017

<span>This research in BNCT has a goal to design a collimator that can be used for cancer therapy. Simulations were carried out by MCNPX software. A collimator is designed by cyclotron 30 MeV as a neutron generator. Independent variables varied were material and thickness of each collimator’s component to get five of IAEA’s standard of the neutron beam. The result is two collimator designs that can pass all IAEA’s standard. Those designs are cyclotron collimator I and cyclotron collimator II. Collimator designs obtained are tube collimator consisting of a cylindrical target </span><sup>7</sup><span>Be length of 1.4 cm and radius 1 cm, a lead wall with thickness 23 cm, cylindrical heavy water moderator (D</span><sub>2</sub><span>O) with radius 3 cm. Filter Cd-nat for cyclotron collimator I with a thickness of 1 mm and a radius 3 cm. Cyclotron collimator II uses </span><sup>60</sup><span>Ni with a thickness of 5 cm as a filter. The radius aperture is 3 cm. These two collimator designs can be used for cancer treatment with BNCT. Dosimetry calculation and manufacture of prototypes are needed to test the application of this design.</span>
EFEK SISA KOMPOS SAMPAH KOTA DENGAN BERBAGAI TAKARAN PUPUK BUATAN TERHADAP PERUBAHAN BEBERAPA SIFAT KIMIA REGOSOL DAN PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG SEMI (Baby Corn)
Authors: Ruhaimah Ruhaimah , Yasin Syafrimen , Novalina Novalina 
Published: October 2017

A pot trial about residue effects of compost and commercial fertilizer on Chemical Characteristics of Regosol and Production of Baby Corn for the second planting time. This research was conducted at Greenhouse of Agriculture Faculty and P3IN Laboratory, Andalas University from August to December 2006. Lettuce was the first plant planted on the pot, then it was continued with Baby Corn. This experiment was arranged based on 3x5 Factorial Randomized design with three replications. The first factor was compost; 0 ton/ha, 5 ton/ha, and 10 ton/ha. The second factor was commercial fertilizer: 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of recommendation. Based on the research, it was found that the residue of residue interaction with fertilizer influenced to the growth and yield of Baby Corn for the second planting time. From the statistical analysis of the result, it cwas concluded that 5 ton compost/ha (20g compost/pot) was able to increase the chemical charesteristics of Regosol, they were pH H2O, KTK, C-organic and N-total. Whereas for pH KCL, the available-P and basic cations, its valueable measure was started from 5 ton/ha ( 20g/pot). For the analysis of plant in the concentration of N and P, it was taken from the treatment of 4 ton/ha (40 g/pot) by using 100 % fertilizer.Key word : The Residue Effect of Manure
EFEK SISA ASAM HUMAT DARI KOMPOS ALANG-ALANG DAN PENGELOLAAN AIR DALAM MENGURANGI KELARUTAN BESI (FE) PADA TANAH SAWAH BUKAAN BARU
Authors: Herviyanti Herviyanti , Gusnidar Gusnidar , Alfina Rina 
Published: November 2017

The research about residue effect of humic acid from imperata compost and water management to decrease the dissolved of iron (fe) on recently used ricefield had been conducted from march till august 2007. The objective is to study residue effect of humic acidity aplication and water management to controlling Fe and to increase rice production on recently used ricefield. The experiment using design factorial 2 x 4 with three replication wich is place as the split plot. The major factor is water management consisted of two treatment, thos were continously flooded (P1) and flooded and dried (intermittence) with two week interval (P2). The minor factor are four level from residue effect of humic acid (0, 200, 400, 600 ppm). The result of this study can provided the information that residue effect of humic acid at 600 ppm can reduce solubility of Fe2+ from 327,91 to 37,53 ppm for continously flooded and from 173,51 to 38,13 ppm for intermitten flooded. And the yield of rice (dry weight of 1000 grain ad straw) increase as much as 4,9 and 5,38 g with residue effect of humic acid at 600 ppm combination with intermittence flooded.Key word : humic acid, iron, recently used ricefield, intermittence, flooded.
EVALUASI TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STATUS BEBERAPA HARA TANAH SETELAH 10 TAHUN DI BUKIT GAJABUIH PADANG
Authors: Hermansah Hermansah , Juniarti Juniarti , Pribadi Utami Maya 
Published: November 2017

This experiment is about the evaluation of characteristic alteration of soil nutrients after ten years at tropical rain forest Bukit Gajabuih Gunung Gadut Padang. This experiment was conducted from November 2006 - April 2007. This experiment is arranged based on anova design with three treatments which was based on three great groups of land ( oxic-dystroudept (eutriccc, aquic), oxic-dystroudept (xanthic), oxic-typic-dystroudept (xanthic)). The purpose of this experiment was to study the alteration of soil fertility characteristics (K, Ca, Mg, Na, P and C/N) in ten years period (1995-2005) in tropical rain forest at Bukit Gajabuih Padang, to observe vegetation variety alteration, and the relationship with the land fertility characteristics. From the experiment was found that nutrient status of the soils altered after ten years (*1995-2005). Available P content increased about 77%, exchangeable Na and K increased 86,04% and 53.65%, respectively. On the other hand, exchangeable Mg and Ca decreased 3,05% and 65,88%, respectively. Land C/N ratio decreased about 21,39%. The experimental plot had low soil pH.Key Words: tropical rain forest, soil nutrient status
PENGUKURAN INFILTRASI TANAH BUKIT PINANG-PINANG KAWASAN HUTAN HUJAN TROPIK GUNUNG GADUT PADANG DI LABORATORIUM
Authors: Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita , Asmar Asmar , Enrella Ricci 
Published: October 2017

A research about infiltration rate of soils from Pinang-Pinang area, a super wet tropical rain forest gunung Gadut Padang, was conducted in soil laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University. Pinang-pinang area is located in Kecamatan Pauh, in the upper footslope of Gadut mountain, functiong as water regulation for the area down under, especially Padang city. This is caused by the fact that water from the Pinang-Pinang area will fow to the sea through Kuranji river. This area is supposed to be protected to avoid natural disaster in the area down under. This research was aimed to determine infiltration rate of soils under different land use in the Pinang-Pinang region. There were three land use in this area, forest, mixed garden, and bush. Undisturbed soil samples were taken from each land use by using 11-cm in diameter and 40 cm height tubes. Soils samples were tightly closed, and brought into laboratory. Infiltration rate from each soil samples were determined in laboratory. The results showed that mixed garden gave the highest infiltration rate (38.4 cm jam-1) among the land use tested, and then followed by forest land use, and then bush land.Key Words: infiltration, land use, tropical rain forest
INKUBASI TITONIA PADA TANAH SAWAH TERHADAP ASAM-ASAM ORGANIK
Authors: Gusnidar Gusnidar , Hakim Nurhajati , Prasetyo Teguh Budi 
Published: October 2017

The research about “Incubation of titonia for organic acid production in rice field” has been conducted in soil laboratory Agriculture Collage Andalas University Padang, since January to August 2005. The objective of this research was to determine the best method of using titonia to produce organic acids in rice field. The research had 2 factors, 3 series of titonia application and 5 levels of titonia dossages with 3 replications. The series are: A1 = Titonia was mixed with soil and then, the soil was directly flooded; A2 = Titonia was mixed with soil and then, let them stay on soil surface for 3 weeks before being flooded; A3 = Titonia was mixed with soil and then, the soil was moistened until field capacity for 3 weeks before being flooded. The second factor was titonia dossages (0,000; 1,250; 2,500; 3,750; 5,000 g dry weight of titonia per kg soil). The result showed that organic acids of the soil had been changed as a consequence of titonia application and the incubation with soil. The highest organic acid production was found at combination of titonia incubation with soil at field capacity for 3 weeks, that was malat acid (184-489 mgl-1). The others detected were citrate, tartarate, malate, and benzoat acids, butt fenolate acids was not detected. Keywords: incubation, organic acids, rice field, titonia.
KARAKTERISTIK SORPSI DAN DESORPSI FOSFAT PADA OXISOL DENGAN PENDEKATAN KINETIK
Authors: Hariyanti Mimien 
Published: November 2017

The phosphorous sorption and desorption characteristics were studied in Oxisols Padang Siantah West Sumatera. The amount of P (0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, 400, 800 g P) was added to 1 gram soil and incubated for 0.04 days (1 hour) , 0.125 days (3 h), 0.25 days (6 h), 0.375 days (9 h), 1,3, 6, 9, 18 dan 36 days. A completely factorial design in triple replication was set up. The results of P sorption and desorption experiment showed that Oxisol had very high sorption with time until 99 from added P. P desorption maximum at the time was 3 days with sorption value 1,67 % from added P.
Keywords : Oxisol, Fe and Al oksides, P sorption, P desorption, time of reaction.
La exclusión social bajo el enfoque de género en las comunidades campesinas de Copca y Santa Rosa de Roncha
Authors: Cardenas Espejo Luis Gonzaga , Puchoc Cuestas Esteban 
Published: October 2017

<p>En estas últimas décadas, muchos países del Tercer Mundo han alcanzado importantes tasas de crecimiento económico. Sin embargo, en muchos de ellos la tasa de pobreza se ha mantenido o ha disminuido de manera poco significativa. En este contexto, las sociedades sienten la necesidad de desarrollar determinadas estrategias de inclusión social que permitan alcanzar una mayor igualdad de oportunidades y la eliminación de las distancias en la participación social, económica y política entre hombres y mujeres. En tal sentido, en la presente investigación sobre “La Exclusión Social Bajo un Enfoque de Género en las Comunidades Campesinas de Copca y Santa Rosa de Roncha”, se buscó describir y comparar el comportamiento de las características de la exclusión social para determinar cómo es que se originan las diferencias de oportunidades entre hombres y mujeres, las interrelaciones existentes entre ellos y los distintos roles que socialmente se les asigna.</p><p>El método científico fue asumido como método general para el desarrollo de la investigación en referencia. Así mismo, se aplicaron como métodos particulares el deductivo e inductivo.</p><p>La prueba paramétrica U de Mann Whitney, y la prueba chi cuadrado permitieron establecer como características de exclusión en el área de estudio el nivel de ingreso y el empleo precario. Como principal conclusión de la investigación</p><p>desarrollada se tiene que en la comunidad de Copca el nivel de ingreso y el empleo precario constituyen características de exclusión social. Mientras que en la comunidad de Roncha, sólo el nivel de ingreso constituye una característica de exclusión social.</p>
DIMENSION OF SEAMOUNT USING MULTIBEAM ECHOSOUNDER IN BENGKULU WATERS
Authors: Fahrulian Fahrulian , Manik Henry , Hartoyo Djoko 
Published: October 2017

<p>The purpose of this research was to determine the dimensions of seamount using echosuonder in Bengkulu waters. The survey was conducted by BPPT, LIPI, the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, CGGVeritas, and the Institut de Physique du Globe (IPG) Paris in the southwest of the Sumatera island on 18-19 December 2010. Two acoustic instruments were used i.e., ELAC Seabeam 1050D with a frequency of 50 kHz and Simrad EM 12D with a frequency of 12 kHz. Data acquisition was obtained by using the hydrostar software in Baruna Jaya 3 and 4 research vessels. CARIS HIPS and SIPS6.1 softwares were used toprocess the data of bathymetry. Amplitude and backscatter data were obtained by data processing on the MBSystem. Data visualization in 3-D was performed using the Fladermaus 6.2 software (personal license of Djoko Hartoyo). Seamount form was assumed as a cone with an elliptical base to calculate the dimensions. The result showed an under water seamount of 320 Km from the southwest of Bengkulu city at -4°22<sup>’</sup>9.16<sup>’’</sup>latitude and 99°25<sup>’</sup>01.47<sup>’’</sup><sup> </sup>longitude. The seamount height was ± 3,968 meters and had two peak separated at ± 3,050 meters. Seamount peaks located at ± 1.270 meters below sea level. The major axis was ± 50,240 meters and the minor axis in this seamount was ± 5,644 meters</p> <p>Keywords: seamount dimension, bathymetry, backscattering, Bengkulu Waters</p>
CHARACTERIZATION OF CRUDE EXTRACT POLYPHENOLOXIDASE ENZYME FROM BLACK TIGER SHRIMP (Penaeus monodon)
Authors: Suhandana Made , Nurhayati Tati , Ambarsari Laksmi 
Published: October 2017

<p>Shrimp is a very important export commodity with high market value world wide. However, it is still facing problem related to the waste and deterioration quality as main issues for the shrimp industry. In this experiment, polyphenoloxidase from the carapace of Penaeus monodon was extracted and characterized. The research was carried out to obtain the optimum extraction condition and to evaluate the properties of enzyme i.e., pH, optimum temperature for activating enzyme, kinetic enzyme, and chelating on metal ion. The best method for PPO enzyme extraction used buffer with 1:3 proportion. The optimum activity of enzyme was at pH 7 and temperature of 35°C. The kinematic enzyme (Km) value and the maximum substrate concentration were 5.42 mM and 7.5 mM, respectively. Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, and EDTA with concentration 5 and 10 mM inhibited enzyme activity. Cu<sup>2+</sup>at concentration of 10 mM and Mn<sup>2+</sup> at concentration 5 mM also inhibited enzyme activity</p> <p>Keywords: carapace, characterization, polyphenoloxidase, shrimp</p>
FLUORESCENT LAMP LIGHT INTENSITY ON THE EMBRYOGENESIS DEVELOPMENT AND THE SURVIVAL OF PEARL OYSTER (Pinctada maxima) LARVAE
Authors: Hamzah Mat Sardi 
Published: October 2017

<p>One of the important factors in determining the success of pearl oyster (Pinctada maxima) culture is the quality and quantity of larvae produced in brood stock spawning process in the laboratory. Problems were often found in larval rearing and larvae attachment to the substrate that were low in quality and little number of larvae. The study purposes were observe the embryogenesis development and the survival rate of pearl oyster larvae under different fluorescent lamp light intensities. The study was conducted in August 1<sup>nd</sup> – 30<sup>th</sup>, 2011 in Sambelia Bumi Gemilang Hamparan Mutiara laboratory, East Lombok. Results revealed that different in light intensities effected the survivorship of the pearl oyster larvae significantly (p&lt;0.01). Honest Significant Difference (HSD) test indicated that the highest survival rate occurred in dark condition (dark treatment) of 38%, followed by intensity of 10 watts (34.67%), 5 watts (30.67%) and 15 watts (4.66%) resfectively</p> <p>Keywords: embryogenesis development, survivorship, pearl oyster (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Pinctada</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">maxima</span>) larvae, fluorescent lamp light intensity</p>
ACOUSTIC DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MARINE SEDIMENT WITH SHALLOW SEISMIC TECHNOLOGY IN RAMBAT WATERS, BANGKA BELITUNG
Authors: Ramdhani Haqqu , Manik Henry M. , Susilohadi Susilohadi 
Published: October 2017

<p>High resolution of marine seismic reflection seismic were used to detect the layers of seafloor sediment and to interpret the seismic data geologically. The objectives of this study weres to detect and to characterize the seafloor sediment in the Rambat area, West Bangka, Bangka Belitung. Acquisition data was held on 10-24 August 2012 located between 105.1°00'00" - 105.5°00'00 " N and 1.7°00'00"-1.9° 00'00" W. Several methods used to process the data were geometry processing, band pass filter, predictive deconvolution, and Autocoralation Gain Control (AGC) in order to reduce the multiple noise and to ease the data interpretation. Seismic cross section found in Cross Rambat (CRMBT) line 11 exhibited sedimentation process of the sea floor which rocky substrates. The process was assumed to be occurred due to legal and illegal mining activities for long period of time.</p> <p>Keywords: seismic, acoustic, sediment, band pass filter, deconvolution, noise</p>
A NUMERICAL MODELING STUDY ON UPWELLING MECHANISM IN SOUTHERN MAKASSAR STRAIT
Authors: Atmadipoera Agus S , Widyastuti Priska 
Published: October 2017

<p><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p> <p><em>While it has been well documented in the previous studies that upwelling events in the southern Makassar Strait (MAK) during the Southeast Monsoon (SEM) period are associated with low sea surface temperature (SST) and high chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentrations in the seawater, the dynamic and physical processes that trigger these upwelling events are still less well understood. In the present study we proposed a mechanism of the upwelling event using a numerical model of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). Model validations showed a high correlation of SST climatology between the model and the NOAA-AVHRR satellite data. Moreover, </em><em>velocity fields of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) Makassar in Libani Channel was well reproduced by proposed model, revealing an intensification of the flow centered near 120 m depth, which is in good agreement with the observation data. </em><em>The model demonstrated that during the SEM period strong southeasterly winds that blow over southern Sulawesi Island can increase high vertical diffusivity and heat loss through heat flux. Hence, these physical processes lead to increased vertical mixing that, in turn, generates low SST, as a proxy of upwelling event. Furthermore, the upwelling process is enhanced by the ITF Makassar jet that creates large circular eddies flow due to complex topographic within the triangle area of southern Makassar - eastern Java Sea - western Flores Sea. The eddies generate the area of convergence offshore along the ITF pathways and divergence area in the coastal waters close to southern Sulawesi Island. Model experiment with closing/opening Selayar Strait revealed a change of intensity and area of upwelling, suggesting that the Selayar Island forms a barrier for the outflow from MAK to northern part of Flores Sea.</em><em> </em></p> <p><em> </em></p> <strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Upwelling, ITF Makassar, SE monsoon winds, ROMS-AGRIF, Makassar Strait.</em>
DEVELOPMENT OF DIGESTIVE ENZYMES ACTIVITY ON BLACK SADDLED CORAL GROUPER (Plectropomus laevis) LARVAE
Authors: Slamet Bejo , Aslianti Titiek 
Published: October 2017

<p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong></p><p><em>Protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes were used as biological indicators to me</em><em>a</em><em>sure larvae’s food digestion. The aim of this study was to describe digestive enzyme activity development of black saddled coral grouper (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Plectropomus</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">laevis</span>) larvae. The just hatching larvae were reared in concrete tank 2x3x1 m<sup>3</sup> with stocking density of 10 larvae/L. In the larval rearing media were added with <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Nanochloropsis</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">oculata</span> at 10<sup>5 </sup>cel/ml start</em><em>ed</em><em> from 1 day old (D-1). The larvae </em><em>was </em><em>fed with rotifer (<span style="text-decoration: underline;">Brachionus</span> <span style="text-decoration: underline;">rotundiformis</span>)</em> <em>at 10-20 ind/ml start</em><em>ed</em><em> from D-2 and artificial diet from D-10. To anal</em><em>y</em><em>ze the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activities, </em><em>samples </em><em>were take</em><em>n</em><em> 0.5-1 g or about 1000 larvae on D-3, D-4, D-6, D-8 and 500 larvae on D-10, D-12, D-16, and D-20. The result showed that the protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes activity were positively correlated with the growth. Digestive enzymes activity was increased when larvae started on endogenous feed</em><em>ing</em><em> (D-3), become down on D-6</em><em>,</em><em> stab</em><em>le</em><em> on D-8 to D-10</em><em>, </em><em>increased on D-12, and </em><em>reached the </em><em>highest </em><em>level </em><em>on D-16. Digestive enzymes activity was higher when larvae started feeding with artificial diet compared to the larvae before feeding with artificial diet.</em></p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> digestive enzymes, development, larvae, blacksaddled coral grouper</em></p>