bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Accurate clinical detection of exon copy number variants in a targeted NGS panel using DECoN
Authors: Fowler Anna , Mahamdallie Shazia , Ruark Elise , Seal Sheila , Ramsay Emma , Clarke Matthew , Uddin Imran , Wylie Harriet , Strydom Ann , Lunter Gerton , Rahman Nazneen 
Published: November 2016

Background: Targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) panels are increasingly being used in clinical genomics to increase capacity, throughput and affordability of gene testing. Identifying whole exon deletions or duplications (termed exon copy number variants, ‘exon CNVs’) in exon-targeted NGS panels has proved challenging, particularly for single exon CNVs. Methods: We developed a tool for the Detection of Exon Copy Number variants (DECoN), which is optimised for analysis of exon-targeted NGS panels in clinical settings. We evaluated DECoN performance using 96 samples with independently validated exon CNV data. We performed simulations to evaluate DECoN detection performance of single exon CNVs and evaluate performance using different coverage levels and sample numbers. Finally, we implemented DECoN in a clinical laboratory that tests BRCA1 and BRCA2 with the TruSight Cancer Panel (TSCP). We used DECoN to analyse 1,919 samples, validating exon CNV detections by multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). Results: In the evaluation set, DECoN achieved 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity for BRCA exon CNVs, including identification of 8 single exon CNVs. DECoN also identified 14/15 exon CNVs in 8 other genes. Simulations of all possible BRCA single exon CNVs gave a mean sensitivity of 98% for deletions and 95% for duplications. DECoN performance remained excellent with different levels of coverage and sample numbers; sensitivity and specificity was >98% with the typical NGS run parameters. In the clinical pipeline, DECoN automatically analyses pools of 48 samples at a time, taking 24 minutes per pool, on average. DECoN detected 24 BRCA exon CNVs, of which 23 were confirmed by MLPA, giving a false discovery rate of 4%. Specificity was 99.7%. Conclusions: DECoN is a fast, accurate, exon CNV detection tool readily implementable in research and clinical NGS pipelines. It has high sensitivity and specificity and acceptable false discovery rate. DECoN is freely available at www.icr.ac.uk/decon.
Facilitating terminal discharge: fulfilling the hospitalised patient's wish for home death in the final hours
Authors: Tan Yung Ying , Xu Zhi Zhen , Pang Grace SY , Qu Limin , Xu Yi , Zhang Ai Min , Neo Patricia SH 
Published: November 2016

Background: Terminal discharge (TD) is the rapid discharge of a hospitalised patient when death is imminent. Its time-limited nature makes it challenging, particularly for ward nurses. Aim: To report the development of a structured TD framework, and determine if the framework can expedite TD processes and improve nurses' experience in conducting TDs. Methods: A 3-phase audit was carried out in a Singapore hospital. The baseline and post intervention audits evaluated the time taken for TD, incidence of prescription errors, continuity of care, and timeliness of equipment arrangement. Nurse satisfaction was assessed through a written survey. Interventions encompassed the implementation of workflow changes and a TD guide. Results: The mean time taken to complete TDs was shorter in the post-compared to pre-intervention phase (2.9±1.4 vs. 4.6±2.3 hours respectively, p<0.01). Approximately 89% of nurses who used the TD guide were satisfied that it made TDs easier. Conclusion: A structured TD framework is effective in expediting TDs and improving nurse satisfaction.
Unearthing Nusantara’s Concept of Religious Pluralism: Harmonization and Syncretism in Hindu-Buddhist and Islamic Classical Texts
Authors: Makin Al 
Published: November 2016

This article sheds light on the formulation of pluralism based on the reading of classical Javanese texts by choosing some excerpts of Hindu-Buddhist literature called kakawin and later Islamic works called serat and babad. Dynamic practices of syncretism and harmonization of local and foreign religious traditions are found in the excerpts of Sutasoma, Kertagama, Dewa Ruci, Babad Tanah Jawa, and Centini. From reading of these messages, this writing finds that since the old time of Singasari and Majapahit, harmonization and syncretism of many religious traditions has been practiced as an essential part of the concept of pluralism. Hindu-Buddhist came first in the older literature and later Islamic elements added the complexity of syncretism. This study also finds that Hindu-Buddhist figures are reenacted in the Islamic literature with modifications. The accounts of the famous Javanese saint Sunan Kalijaga reflects the older source of Sutasoma, Ken Arok, Bhima, and other figures. Their stories tell us about the relativism of evil and good, in which evil is not annihilated but converted into goods. This article is an example of our endeavor that pluralism can be formulated based on local wisdom such as reading classical texts with the spirit of reinterpretation of indigenous virtues with a fresh perspective.[Artikel ini mencoba menemukan rumusan pluralisme dengan membaca ulang teks klasik Jawa dengan memilih bagian tertentu dari sastra Hindu-Buddha yang disebut kakawin dan karya Islami yang disebut serat dan babad. Praktik dinamis sinkretisme dan penyelarasan antara tradisi keagamaan lokal dan asing ditemui dalam Sutasoma, Kertagama, Dewa Ruci, Babad Tanah Jawa, dan Centini. Dari hasil bacaan teks-teks di atas, tulisan ini menemukan bahwa sejak masa kuno Singasari dan Majapahit, penyelarasan dan sinkretisme antara banyak tradisi keagamaan telah dipraktikkan sebagai bagian penting dari konsep pluralisme. Hindu-Buddha datang pertama lalu disusul oleh karya Islam yang menambah nuansa sinkretis. Studi ini juga menemukan bahwa tokoh Hindu-Buddha diceritakan ulang dalam karya Islam dengan berbagai modifikasi. Cerita tentang Sunan Kalijaga mencerminkan sumber yang lebih tua seperti Sutasoma, Ken Arok, Bhima, dan tokoh-tokoh lain. Kisah mereka mengajarkan kepada kita tentang relativitas antara kejahatan dan kebaikan; kejahatan tidak dimusnahkan tetapi diubah menjadi kebaikan. Artikel ini merupakan contoh usaha untuk merumuskan konsep pluralisme berdasarkan kebijakan lokal dengan membaca kembali teks-teks klasik dengan semangat penafsiran ulang ajaran lokal dengan perspektif baru.]
Activating transcription factor 3 is downregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma and functions as a tumor suppressor by regulating cyclin D1
Authors: Wang Zheng-xia , Yin Si-neng , Tian Gang , Chen Xian-lin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractObjectivesTo investigate the expression as well as biological roles of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.MethodsReal time PCR and western blot were applied to detect the expression of ATF3 in human HCC specimens. MTT assay was used to analyze cell proliferation after ATF3 was overexpressed. The expression of cyclin D1 was detected by real time PCR in ATF3-silenced/-overexpressed cells and HCC samples. Correlation coefficient was finally analyzed between ATF3 and cyclin D1 in the HCC samples.ResultsThe expression of ATF3 was found to be downregulated in tested HCC specimens. Cellular MTT assays showed that cell proliferation was suppressed in ATF3-overexpressing HepG2 cells. In addition, cyclin D1 gene expression exhibited negative correlation with ATF3 in both cell lines and tissue samples.ConclusionLow expression of ATF3 may function as a tumor suppressor via inhibiting cyclin D1 in HCC.
Restricting the restrictive relativizer
Authors: Grafmiller Jason , Szmrecsanyi Benedikt , Hinrichs Lars 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
We investigate internal and stylistic factors affecting binary and ternary relativizer choice in subject (that vs which) and non-subject (that vs which vs zero) relative clauses. We employ a novel methodological approach to predicting relativizers: Bayesian regression modeling with the dimensional reduction of model inputs via factor analysis. Our factor analysis is motivated by the high degree of redundancy and collinearity in natural language data, while Bayesian regression models are robust to effects of data sparseness and (near) separation. We find that in both types of relative clauses, the more marked variant (which) is preferred in complex contexts, while the unmarked variant (that, or zero in NSRCs) is favored in contexts where the relative clause is short and more fully integrated with the NP it modifies. We also find that use of which is somewhat more sensitive to stylistic considerations in subject than in non-subject relative clauses, and that which correlates most strongly with features associated with lexical density, e. g. ‘nouniness’, rather than those often associated with formality, e. g. passivization and sentence length.
Conflict, coordination, compromise? The potential of game theory to explain the choice of viewing in shared domestic television use
Authors: Koch Thomas , Schäfer-Hock Christian , Zillich Arne Freya 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA large proportion of television consumption takes place in groups, usually in households shared by partners or families. However, theories of media use tend to neglect this: Although they explain how individual orders of preference come about, they hardly address the fact that different orders of preference within a small group may conflict with one another. We propose using game theory to illustrate how to find a solution when conflicts in orders of preference arise. Game theory is suited to explaining decisions in social conflict situations in which those involved have an influence over one another. We use different (fictional) examples to demonstrate the potential of game theory here and provide a theoretical framework for future empirical studies.
Different actors, different factors? A comparison of the news factor orientation between newspaper journalists and civil-society actors
Authors: Schmid-Petri Hannah , Häussler Thomas , Adam Silke 
Published: November 2016

AbstractNews factors can be conceptualized as general relevance indicators guiding the attention of all humans. However, that doesn’t mean that they are the only factors influencing selection processes or that all news factors have the same importance across different actor types. Within the concept of news factors it is still unclear to what degree those news factors also apply to the communication outside of traditional mass media. We therefore ask whether and how actors with varying degrees of professionalization employ news factors in their communication differently. To answer our research question, we conducted a quantitative content analysis and compared the coverage in traditional newspapers with the communication of civil society actors with varying degrees of professionalization. We analyzed the relevance of news factors within the presentation of a specific issue, namely climate change in Germany. Our results show that news factors are – at least partly – also applied by non-journalist actors. The mass media and the more professionalized civil society actors do not apply news factors more strongly to their communication than do non-professionalized civil society actors. Instead, we find that different actors focus on different news factors.
Anal sphincter dysfunction in multiple sclerosis: an observation manometric study
Authors: Marola Silvia , Ferrarese Alessia , Gibin Enrico , Capobianco Marco , Bertolotto Antonio , Enrico Stefano , Solej Mario , Martino Valter , Destefano Ines , Nano Mario 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Constipation, obstructed defecation, and fecal incontinence are frequent complaints in multiple sclerosis. The literature on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these disorders is scant. Using anorectal manometry, we compared the anorectal function in patients with and without multiple sclerosis.
136 patients referred from our Center for Multiple Sclerosis to the Coloproctology Outpatient Clinic, between January 2005 and December 2011, were enrolled. The patients were divided into four groups: multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group A); multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group B); non-multiple sclerosis patients with constipation (group C); non-multiple sclerosis patients with fecal incontinence (group D). Anorectal manometry was performed to measure: resting anal pressure; maximum squeeze pressure; rectoanal inhibitory reflex; filling pressure and urge pressure. The difference between resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers was defined as the change in resting anal pressure calculated for each patient.

Results
Group A patients were noted to have greater sphincter hypotonia at rest and during contraction compared with those in group C (p=0.02); the rectal sensitivity threshold was lower in group B than in group D patients (p=0.02). No voluntary postcontraction sphincter relaxation was observed in either group A or group B patients (p=0.891 and p=0.939, respectively).

Conclusions
The decrease in the difference in resting anal pressure before and after maximum squeeze maneuvers suggests post-contraction sphincter spasticity, indicating impaired pelvic floor coordination in multiple sclerosis patients. A knowledge of manometric alterations in such patients may be clinically relevant in the selection of patients for appropriate treatments and for planning targeted rehabilitation therapy.
Environmental safety during the administration of Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC)
Authors: Graversen Martin , Pedersen Peter B. , Mortensen Michael B. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractBackground:Pressurized IntraPeritoneal Aerosol Chemotherapy (PIPAC) is an innovative technique for intraperitoneal drug delivery. This study investigates the efficacy of the occupational health safety measures taken to prevent exposition of healthcare workers to the toxic chemotherapy aerosol.Methods:Air samples were taken at the working place of the surgeon and of the anesthetist during 2 PIPAC procedures and analyzed for content of platinum by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Airborne particles were quantified in real time. Biological monitoring was performed in two surgeons after 50 PIPAC by examining blood samples for possible traces of platinum. Analysis was performed by an independent company.Results:Safety measures included tightly closed abdomen, operating room (OR), ventilation meeting requirements of ISO norm 14644–1 class 5, closed aerosol waste system and remote control of PIPAC administration. No traces of platinum were found in the air of the OR (detection limit of 0.0001 mg/filter). No specific rise in particle concentration was detected in the air during the PIPAC procedure, patient closure and removal of the sterile drapes. Blood samples of the surgeons showed no traces of platinum.Conclusions:After implementation of adequate safety measures, no signs of environmental contamination or biological exposure of the surgeons were detected during PIPAC.
Healthy ageing – creating of city walks by and for citizens
Authors: Looks Peggy , Wolfram Nicole 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Due to demographic changes, effective preventive measures on local level should be developed. This paper presents a project for elderly people which aims at the promotion (1) of the identification with their housing area and (2) of their physical activity and (3) of the participation in local strategies for active ageing. The result of the project is a booklet which was done by participating inhabitants.
Handlungsorientierter Sozialstrukturatlas Berlin: Methode und Anwendungsbereiche
Authors: Wittmann Nadine , Meinlschmidt Gerhard 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:Gerade in Ballungsräumen ist die Trias Sozialraum, Gesundheit und Stadtentwicklung als multikausaler Komplex zu begreifen. Die soziale und gesundheitliche Lage hängen nachweislich zusammen. Hierzu bietet auch die integrierte Sozial- und Gesundheitsberichterstattung (iSGBE) seit Langem fundierte Sozialraumanalysen. Eine Analyse der Wohnlagen in Berlin, als Momentaufnahme der wohnraumorientierten Stadtentwicklung, ergibt einen engen Zusammenhang zu den Berliner Sozialstrukturanalysen.
Gesundheitsförderliche Potenziale von Stadtnatur für jedermann
Authors: Baumeister Hendrik , Hornberg Claudia 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Stadtnatur gilt als eine der zentralen Gesundheitsressourcen im urbanen Raum, um den dort vorherrschenden gesundheitlichen Belastungen entgegen zu wirken. Insbesondere in sozial benachteiligten Quartieren besteht jedoch oft eine unterdurchschnittliche Versorgung der Bevölkerung mit Stadtnatur. Für eine gesundheitsförderliche, umweltgerechte und nachhaltige Stadt der Zukunft erwächst daraus ein dringender Handlungsbedarf für alle Beteiligten einer integrierten Stadtentwicklung.
Welchen Beitrag kann sozialepidemiologische Forschung für eine gesundheitsfördernde Stadtentwicklung leisten?
Authors: Bolte Gabriele , Schüle Steffen Andreas 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Die Zusammenarbeit von Stadtplanung und Public Health ist grundlegend für eine gesundheitsfördernde Stadtentwicklung und zur Bewältigung von gesundheitlichen Ungleichheiten. Sozialepidemiologische Forschung analysiert komplexe Zusammenhänge individueller und kontextueller Einflussfaktoren für Gesundheit. Epidemiologische Daten, Methoden und Ergebnisse sind für Stadtplanung wesentlich hinsichtlich integrierter Berichterstattung, Strategieentwicklung, prospektiver Abschätzung von Gesundheitseffekten von Maßnahmen sowie der Evaluation durchgeführter Interventionen.
Die altersfreundliche Stadt
Authors: Schlicht Wolfgang , Oswald Frank , Reyer Maren 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Die Gesundheit älterer wird stärker als die junger Menschen von der natürlichen, gebauten und sozialen Umwelt beeinflusst. Mit der WHO-Kampagne „Global Age Friendly Cities“ soll Stadt so gestaltet werden, dass älteren Menschen ein „gutes Leben“ ermöglicht wird. Dieses Ziel verfolgen sowohl die Public Health-Forschung als auch die Interventionsgerontologie. Letztere basiert auf Ansätzen der Environmental Gerontology. Der Beitrag deutet die Parallelen an und listet Kriterien einer altersfreundlichen Stadt.
Urban Health/StadtGesundheit in Deutschland
Authors: Fehr Rainer 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
StadtGesundheit bezeichnet die Anwendung von Public Health in Theorie und Praxis für Schutz und Förderung der Gesundheit städtischer Populationen. Das humanökologisch orientierte Konzept trifft auch in Deutschland wieder auf stärkere Resonanz und bringt gesundheitliche Versorgung, Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung sowie „Health in all Policies“ enger zueinander. Der Fokus auf Gestaltbarkeit urbaner Lebensverhältnisse ergänzt vorherrschende personale Ansätze und Versorgungsforschung.
Deprivation der Wohnumgebung und Gesundheit von Vorschulkindern
Authors: Igel Ulrike , Romppel Matthias , Grande Gesine 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Ziel der Studie war die Analyse des Zusammenhangs von Deprivation im Quartier und der Entwicklung von Vorschulkindern. Dazu wurden Daten der Einschulungsuntersuchung mit Elternfragebögen und Ortsteildaten verknüpft und mit Mehrebenenregressionsmodellen analysiert. Kinder aus stärker deprivierten Gebieten weisen häufiger Auffälligkeiten auf als Kinder aus weniger benachteiligten Quartieren, wobei die Wirkungsweisen bei Mädchen und Jungen variieren.
Effect of slope position on soil particle-size distribution in young glacial landscape (Łyna River valley, NE Poland)
Authors: Sowiński Paweł 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this paper was to characterize soil particle-size distribution (PSD) of in the middle part of young glacial Łyna River valley in relation to parent materials, soil forming processes and slope position. The study comprised rusty soils, arenosols, clay-illuvial soils, colluvial and alluvial soils located in four slope position: summit / midslope, footslope / toeslope, upper and lower part of floodplain. In order to describe the sedimentological environment and possible heterogenity of the soil formations, sedimentological and granulometric indices were calculated. The relationships between soil fractions in A horizons and environmental variables (slope position and depth of A horizon) were determined using principal component analysis (PCA).The studied soils were poorly sorted with various values of skewness of granulometric distribution (symmetrical, fine and very fine skewed) and kurtosis (mainly very leptokurtic). The value of mean grain diameter was decreasing with slope position which may suggest high dynamics and energy of sedimentological environment in the middle part of Łyna River valley. The analysis of granulometric indices revealed that colluvial deposits were the most homogenous and alluvial formations were the most heterogenous. The results of the statistical analysis showed a positive correlation of the amounts of clay and silt fractions with depth of A horizons. The factor responsible for variability of these fractions was the position on the slope. The A horizons in soils located at the summit and footslope had the highest amounts of sand fractions. While significant increase in the share of finer fractions in soils located in the floodplain was noted.
Transiente Kalibrierung der Temperaturabhängigkeit resistiver Hochdrucksensoren in Großserie
Authors: Stark Tilman , Manske Eberhard 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Hochdrucksensoren basierend auf Metall-Dünnschicht-Dehnmessstreifen werden millionenfach beispielweise zum Einsatz in
Common-Rail-Systemen der Automobilindustrie gefertigt. Bedingt durch das Messprinzip besitzen sie eine Empfindlichkeit
gegenüber Störgrößen wie der Temperatur oder teile-individuelle Abhängigkeit von Material-, Toleranz- und
Fertigungseinflüssen. Die Kalibrierung am Ende der Fertigung bildet deshalb den entscheidenden Faktor zur Einhaltung der
tolerierten Messunsicherheit und Identifikation von Aufbaufehlern. Dem allgemeinen Trend zu immer höheren Anforderungen an
Sensoren folgend, ergibt sich ein stetig steigender zeitlicher und energetischer Aufwand für die
Kalibrierung
Wissenschaftsrat des AMA Fachverband für Sensorik e.V.: Sensor-Trends 2014 – Trends in
zukunftsorientierten Sensortechnologien, Berlin, 2014
. Im Folgenden werden daher dem gegenwärtig etablierten
Kalibrierverfahren mittels Erwärmung im Durchlaufofen und anschließender statischer Messung des Ausgangssignals
alternative Methoden gegenübergestellt. Für die daraus hervorgehende Zielvariante der induktiven Erwärmung, gefolgt von
einem transienten Messprozess, wird mithilfe eines Modells auf Basis der elektrisch-thermischen Analogie ein
Versuchsaufbau ausgelegt. Anhand der Versuchsergebnisse werden Heizleistung und Messzeitpunkt festgelegt. Die
Fähigkeit des Messverfahrens nach AIAG
AIAG Core Tools, Measurement Systems Analysis (MSA), 4th edition (2010)
wird
für die Kalibrierung der Druckmessung und die Kalibrierung des internen Störgrößensensors gezeigt und weiteres
Optimierungspotenzial erörtert. Abschließend erfolgt der Vergleich zum Modell und zum etablierten Abgleichprozess. Das
entwickelte Verfahren führt für den konkreten Anwendungsfall unter den Gesichtspunkten Energieverbrauch, Prozesszeit und
Messunsicherheit zu Vorteilen.
Ultraschall zur Bestimmung von Partikelbewegungen in flüssigem Metall
Authors: Hoppe Dietrich , Strumpf Erik 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
In flüssigem Metall schwebende Partikel können Echos von Ultraschall verursachen. Aus solchen Echos wird versucht,
die entlang der Schallausbreitung vorkommenden Partikelbewegungen zu rekonstruieren. Konkret sind damit die Positionen
gemeint, welche die Partikel vertikal oberhalb des Schallwandlers als Funktionen der Zeit einnehmen. Anhand solcher
Funktionen soll dann auf Strömungsvorgänge im flüssigen Metall geschlossen werden.