bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New algorithm for behaviour-based mobile robot navigation in cluttered environment using neural network architecture
Authors: Pandey Anish , Parhi Dayal R. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This study concerns an on-line path planning technique for a behaviour-based wheeled mobile robot local navigation in an unknown environment with hurdles, using the feedforward back-propagation neural network sensor-actuator control technique. The purpose of this study is to find the non-collision path for the mobile robot moving towards the goal in a cluttered environment.

Design/methodology/approach
Neural network architecture input layers are the different hurdle distance information, which are acquired by an array of equipped sensors, and the output layer is the turning angle (motor control). In this way, the mobile robot is effectively being trained to move autonomously in the environment.

Findings
Computer simulation and real-time experimental results show that the proposed neural network controller can improve navigation performance in cluttered and unknown environments.

Originality/value
The proposed neural network controller gives better results (in terms of path length) as compared to previously developed models, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
Effects of organophosphorus and mineral based flame retardants on combustibility and mechanical performances of natural fiber reinforced composites
Authors: Khalili Pooria , Tshai Kim Yeow , Kong Ing 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThe study aimed to investigate epoxy composites reinforced with mechanical performances, thermal decomposition and ignitibility of natural fiber (NF) and doped with 5 wt.% of varying flame-retardant (FR) compounds. The incorporation of ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and zinc borate (ZB) showed improvement in modulus and elongation to break compared to the empty fruit bunch-filled epoxy (control). However, slightly lower tensile and impact strengths were recorded in all FR-containing composites.Design/methodology/approachAmong the FR-loaded specimens, enhancement in flexural property was observed in composites with APP, whereas the addition of ZB and alumina trihydrate (ATH) resulted in the reduction of flexural strength. Thermogravimetric analysis results indicated that the introduction of APP and ATH negatively impacted the thermal degradation temperature (Td) of the NF-filled composites. Greater mass residue with FR-filled composites, where increment was in the range from 32-80 per cent compared to the control, was observed, with the greatest being the ZB-containing formulation. Vertical Bunsen burner experiment revealed that the addition of ZB and APP led to a zero dripping flame system, whereas such a phenomenon was absent in both the control and NF composites loaded with ATH. The bomb calorimeter results revealed that addition of NF into neat epoxy significantly enhanced the FR behavior of the composite, and the gross heat of combustion was greatly reduced when FRs were incorporated into the control sample.FindingsResults from the current study concluded that non-halogenated FRs including APP, ZB and ATH were able to enhance the fire retardancy of EFB epoxy composite without significantly deteriorate the mechanical behaviors.Originality/valueIt can be shown from scanning electron microscopy micrographs that the fabrication technique produced composites with good interfacial adhesion between NF and epoxy matrix, and homogenous distribution of FRs were achieved.
Nanotechnology: new hope of efficiency enhancement for solar evacuated tube collector
Authors: Ramani Rupeshkumar V. , Ramani Bharat M. , Saparia Anjana D. , Shah Nikesh A. , Kacha Pinank , Markna J.H. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
In the twenty-first century, the use of fossil fuels has increased drastically because the necessity of energy is increasing day by day which affects the world’s economy. The solar energy (photo-thermal energy conversion) system is the most economical and eco-friendly alternative source. To increase the use of domestic as well as commercialization purpose, the authors have reviewed this paper on the solar water heater along with its structural mechanism for energy enhancement and to create easier stair steps for climbing on the green world dream.

Design/methodology/approach
In this study, nanotechnology has remarkably built its own use for extending thermal efficiency by using some gradual experiments. It is a phenomenon, like nanofluid (as a working fluid for a direct solar collector), nanocoating (on the surface of a solar-evacuated tube by using the chemical vapor deposition/physical vacuum deposition/sol–gel technique) and nanorod-based solar collector tube.

Findings
This invention gives greater efficiency rather than the conventional systems, but also this advancement is not too much supported in a low- temperature environment also, we can consider the poor light absorption characteristics of the pure water (Bencic, et al., 2000).

Originality/value
The basic idea and understanding of this phenomenon to improve solar collecting performance for obtaining a high working-fluid temperature are discussed in this paper.
Experimental investigations of a solar dryer with and without multiple phase change materials (PCM’s)
Authors: Sreerag T.S. , Jithish K.S. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present a comparative study of a solar dryer with and without multiple phase change materials (PCMs). It also involves designing and fabricating the experimental model of an indirect solar dryer which uses PCMs for thermal energy storage.

Design/methodology/approach
A corrugated aluminium sheet is used as an absorber plate. Aluminium pipes of 0.75 inch are welded under the corrugated sheet to store the PCM. Here, multiple PCMs are used – one with a high melting point and the other with a low melting point for the purpose of improving efficiency. A single air pass model in which air moves over the absorber plate is used for the study. Air is heated in an air heater section which also contains thermal energy storage. The energy obtained in the air heater section is first used to heat and melt the PCM.

Findings
Thus, heat energy is stored into the PCM and then the heated air moves into the drying chamber in which drying take place. When the sun’s insolation reduces, discharging from the PCM takes place. Thus, it reduces the fluctuation in the energy and provides continuous energy to the system. Glass wool is used as an insulation material. Different parameters for this air heater-dryer have been calculated.

Originality/value
The current study enhances the understanding of solar drying process and the developed model with and without multiple phase change materials can be used for optimising the drying process.
Experimental investigation of sensible thermal energy storage in small sized, different shaped concrete material packed bed
Authors: Warkhade Ganesh S. , Babu A. Veeresh , Mane Santosh , Ganesh Babu Katam 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Solar energy varies with time, intermittent; an accumulator unit is required to attach with collectors to collect energy for use when the sunshine is not available. This paper aims to design a system for storing the solar sensible heat thermal energy.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper presents the design and experimental evaluation of sensible heat thermal energy storage (TES) system for its energy storage performance by varying the air flow rate and packing material shape. Heat transfer fluid as air and solid concrete material of high density of different shapes were used for storage.

Findings
This paper presents the evaluation of data of number of experimental observations on the system. It was found that charging/discharging was based on the shape of the material and void fraction.

Originality/value
This paper provides the data for designing the TES, considering the concrete as storage material and shape of material for optimizing the system.
Effect of geometrical and temperature-dependence parameters on forced convection of a nanofluid in a micro-channel heat sink
Authors: Nebbati Rabah , Kadja Mahfoud 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is the numerical prediction of the thermal and hydraulic characteristics (Nusselt number and shear stress) of a forced convection laminar flow through a rectangular micro-channel heat sink, using constant and temperature-dependent thermo-physical properties. The effects of the solids volume fraction and the size of the micro-channel on heat transfer enhancement have also been investigated.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use the flow of a water-Al2O3 nanofluid and a single-phase approach. The equations are solved using the commercial code Fluent Version 6.3. This code uses the finite volume approach to solve the equations subject to the boundary conditions, which govern three-dimensional conjugate convection-conduction heat transfer model. The physical domain was meshed using the code GAMBIT. The mesh used is non-uniform and was obtained by sweeping in the Z direction an X-Y surface meshed with QUAD/pave type cells.

Findings
The results clearly show that the inclusion of nanoparticles produces a considerable increase in the heat transfer. Also, the temperature-dependent models present higher values of local and average Nusselt number than in the case of constant thermo-physical properties, and an increase in the channel dimensions leads to an important increase in heat transfer. Consequently, we ensure a better cooling of the base of the micro-channel heat sink.

Research limitations/implications
Because of the settling of nanoparticles, the research results may not be generalized to high values of solids volume fraction. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to find other techniques of cooling when the heat loads exceed values that cannot be dissipated using nanonofluids.

Practical implications
The paper includes implications for the miniaturization of electronic devices such as in microprocessors or those used in robotics and automotive industries, where continually increasing power densities are requiring more innovative techniques of heat dissipation from a small area and small coolant requirements.

Originality/value
This paper shows the implementation of variable property nanofluid models in CFD commercial codes.
Effect of mechanical activation on mullite formation in an alumina-silica ceramics system at lower temperature
Authors: Obada David O. , Dodoo-Arhin David , Dauda Muhammad , Anafi Fatai O. , Ahmed Abdulkarim S. , Ajayi Olusegun A. , Samotu Ibraheem A. 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This work aims to analyze the effect of mechanical activation on structural disordering (amorphization) in an alumina-silica ceramics system and formation of mullite most notably at a lower temperature using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Also, an objective of this work is to focus on a low-temperature fabrication route for the production of mullite powders.

Design/methodology/approach
A batch composition of kaolin, alumina and silica was manually pre-milled and then mechanically activated in a ball mill for 30 and 60 min. The activated samples were sintered at 1,150°C for a soaking period of 2 h. Mullite formation was characterized by XRD and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Findings
It was determined that the mechanical activation increased the quantity of the mullite phase. SEM results revealed that short milling times only helped in mixing of the precursor powders and caused partial agglomeration, while longer milling times, however, resulted in greater agglomeration.

Originality/value
It is noted that, a manual pre-milling of approximately 20 min and a ball milling approach of 60 min milling time can be suggested as the optimum milling time for the temperature decrease succeeded for the production of mullite from the specific stoichiometric batch formed.
Mathematical modelling and experimental validation of mono-tube shock absorber
Authors: Jugulkar Lalitkumar , Singh Shankar , Sawant Suresh 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The work presented in this paper is concerned with mathematical modeling and experimental validation of mono-tube shock absorber. This paper aims to create damper model to predict accurately damping force, and experimental analysis is done by varying the various parameters, such as flow area in bleed(Ab), mass (M) and operating frequency(?).

Design/methodology/approach
Here, input is given in the form of sinusoidal excitation, and the output is received as a numerical data of the displacement transmissibility. These data are then processed to get the values of transmissibility and magnification factor for various frequency ratios. They are then plotted to have transmissibility and frequency response curves, as it is a generally accepted measure of how well the system is isolated from its surroundings.

Findings
It is better to have low transmissibility (larger bleed area), for lower suspension velocity, as it will reduce maximum acceleration transmitted to the sprung mass. However, for higher suspension velocity, bleed area should be low (higher transmissibility) to reduce displacement of tyre from road.

Originality/value
The development of faster vehicles and also the requirements of smoother and more comfortable rides have led to the fitment of dampers on almost on all present day vehicles. Shock absorbers have a significant influence on handling performance and riding comfort. Shock absorber plays an important role not only for comfort of the riders of the vehicle but also in the performance and life of the vehicle. However, no further reduction of vehicle vibration can be expected for using the optimum values of damping coefficient and spring stiffness for the shock absorber. Thus, it is necessary to make modification to improve the functions of shock absorber.
Energy management and optimization: case study of a textile plant in Istanbul, Turkey
Authors: Tunc Murat , Kaplan Kayhan , Sisbot Sedat , Camdali Unal 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to present the results of energy management and optimization studies in one Turkish textile factory. In a case study of a print and dye factory in Istanbul, the authors identified energy-sensitive processes and proposed energy management applications.

Design/methodology/approach
Appropriate energy management methods have been implemented in the factory, and the results were examined in terms of energy efficiency and cost reduction.

Findings
By applying the methods for fuel distribution optimization, the authors demonstrated that energy costs could be decreased by approximately.

Originality/value
Energy management is a vital issue for industries particularly in developing countries such as Turkey. Turkey is an energy poor country and imports more than half of its energy to satisfy its increasing domestic demands. An important share of these demands stems from the presence of a strong textile industry that operates throughout the country.
Effects of interrupted aging on the intergranular corrosion behavior of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag heat-resistant alloy
Authors: Zhang Ruijie , Liu Xiaoyan , Wang Zhaopeng , Gao Fei 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to research the effects of interrupted aging on the corrosion behavior of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag heat-resistant alloy by means of intergranular corrosion (IGC) testing, potentiodynamic polarization combined with optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.

Design/methodology/approach
The results show that the IGC began on the grain boundaries and continued along the grain boundary. The corrosion resistance property of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloy was enhanced by interrupted aging. The precipitations of the interrupted aged sample both in the grains and on the grain boundaries were fine, and the chain-like phases on the grain boundary were distributed nearly continuously.

Findings
The corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Mg series Al alloy with equilibrium phase (Al2Cu) is notably determined by precipitation-free zone (PFZ) as the self-corrosion potentials of (Al2Cu), PFZ and the matrix satisfied the relation EPFZ < Eθ<EMatrix.

Originality/value
The connections of the PFZ on both sides of the grain boundary decreased the corrosion resistance of Al–Cu–Mg–Ag alloy treated by the single aging.
Searching the fertility potential of iron and steel industry blast furnace slag
Authors: Ozkaymak Mehmet , Selimli Selcuk , Kaya Durmus , Uzun Umit 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to study the fertility potential of the iron- and steel-making process waste granulated blast furnace slag to recover it as a beneficial product.

Design/methodology/approach
This slag fertilizer was mixed with organic fertilizer to enrich and dung the vegetable sets are pepper, lettuce and cucumbers.

Findings
In this study, 100 per cent granulated slag, 75 per cent granulated slag + 25 per cent fermented manure, 50 per cent granulated slag + 50 per cent fermented manure and 25 per cent granulated slag + 75 per cent fermented manure compositions were mixed with water and added to seeding pots. The growth rate of vegetable sets and also the level of contamination of heavy metals such as lead, copper, aluminum, mercury and cadmium were analyzed. The analyses results showed that contamination rates of lead, copper, aluminum, mercury and cadmium in lettuce and cucumber samples were in the range of acceptable levels for human health. Slag fertilizer enforced the set of growth rate and productivity, too.

Originality/value
By the recovery of the waste slag storage, transport and annihilation economical load on the industry would be eliminated, waste recovery contributes to the economical gaining and beneficial recovered products replace the need of fertility products.
Speed characteristics analysis and simulation of the water hydraulic axial piston motor
Authors: Yang Lijie , Wang Guimei , Nie Songlin 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to analyze the speed characteristics of the water hydraulic axial piston motor. The speed performance of water hydraulic piston motor which uses water as medium is different from that mineral oil one.

Design/methodology/approach
To analyze the speed characteristics of the water hydraulic motor, the speed model of a swash plate water hydraulic piston motor is developed theoretically and a simulation model with AMESim is built.

Findings
The effects of clearance between friction pairs and input pressure on the speed are analyzed and compared between the theoretical and numerical models.

Originality/value
The results of the theoretical and simulation models both verify that the clearance of friction pairs is the key factor in the hydraulic piston motor’s speed.
Assessment of the solar cooling technologies using analytical hierarchical process
Authors: Usman Muhammad , Shehzad Ali Qazi , Bilal Muhammed 
Published: January 2017

Purpose
Decreasing sources of fossil fuels has caused an increase in importance of the renewable energy resources and systems that directly utilize renewable energy are even more important. The purpose of the paper is to compare the most common solar cooling technologies against the most important requirements.

Design/methodology/approach
A multi-criteria decision methodology, analytical hierarchical process, has been used to prioritize these technologies with respect to each other.

Findings
The findings of this study are the priorities of selected solar cooling concepts against performance affecting criteria. The solar vapour adsorption cooling system has been found to be the optimum solar cooling concept with practically the highest performance number compared with the other cooling systems.

Originality/value
This study can be used in the future development of solar cooling technologies to benefit from the best collective features of the specific technologies.
Microbiological quality of Brazilian UHT milk: Identification and spoilage potential of spore‐forming bacteria
Authors: Pinto Claudia L O , Souza Luana V , Meloni VinÍcius A S , Batista Cleiton S , Silva Ramon , Martins Eliane M F , Cruz Adriano Gomes , Martins Maurilio L 
Published: January 2017

Counts of aerobic mesophilic micro‐organisms and aerobic mesophilic spore‐forming bacteria were determined in 91 ultra‐high‐temperature (UHT) commercial Brazilian samples. Forty‐six spore‐forming bacteria were identified and characterised in terms of their spoilage potential. Among the 20 brands evaluated, 45% had counts of aerobic mesophilic micro‐organisms higher than 1.0 × 102 cfu/mL. The sporulated bacteria were identified as Bacillus subtilis/amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus pumilus and Bacillus megaterium, and 31% and 33% showed proteolytic and lipolytic activity, respectively. Our findings indicate that there is a potential risk of UHT milk samples becoming spoiled during their commercial shelf life.
Implications of Genital Mutilation at Autopsy
Authors: Byard Roger W. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractGiven the potential significance of mutilation of the external genitalia in medicolegal fatalities, a review of the literature was undertaken to identify subcategories. Such mutilations may have been sustained sometime before death, around the time of death, or after death. The most common type of ante mortem genital mutilations involves cultural practices such as male circumcision. Less common male mutilations such as subincisions are tribally based. Female genital mutilation is found particularly in African, Middle Eastern, or Asian populations. Self‐inflicted genital injuries are most common in males and may be related to attempts at suicide, or to self‐harming practices. The latter have a strong association with psychiatric illnesses. Postmortem injuries may arise from animal predation or deliberate mutilation of a corpse. The latter may be associated with ante mortem genital injuries in sadistic homicides. The range of possible causes of genital mutilations in forensic cases necessitates extremely careful evaluation.
The Measurement of Adolescent Alcohol Problems via Item Response Theory and Their 15‐Year Prospective Associations with Alcohol and Other Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Windle Michael , Windle Rebecca C. 
Published: January 2017

BackgroundA limited number of measures exist to assess alcohol problems during adolescence. Item response theory modeling was used to scale a measure of adolescent alcohol problems, including drinking and driving, and then related to alcohol and other psychiatric disorders that occurred over a 15‐year period.MethodsHigh school students (N = 832) completed the 13‐item Alcohol Problems Index (API) at age 18 years as part of a long‐term longitudinal study of predictors of alcohol use and alcohol disorders. Frequency of drinking and driving was also measured during adolescence. Lifetime psychiatric disorders, including alcohol disorders, were measured during young adulthood. Rasch modeling was used to scale the severity of alcohol problems, and the scaled total score was used to prospectively predict alcohol disorders. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was also computed between the adolescent alcohol problems and alcohol and other psychiatric disorders across a 15‐year period.ResultsThe prevalence of alcohol disorders was 38.7% (for alcohol dependence, it was 27.7%). Rasch modeling indicated that the API assessed a range of severity of alcohol problems and that drinking and driving were among the less severe indicators. Age 18 API scores significantly correlated with an alcohol diagnosis (0.34), and ROC curve analysis indicated that for adolescent alcohol problem scores, the diagnostic accuracy (or area under the curve) for an alcohol diagnosis by age 33 was 0.70.ConclusionsOur findings supported the unidimensionality and reliability of the API, and statistically significant prospective prediction of young adult alcohol disorders. The measurement of alcohol problems during adolescence, in addition to drinking and driving, may be beneficial in understanding adverse consequences of drinking during adolescence as well as transitions in alcohol use and alcohol disorders across the lifespan.