bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pelatihan Pembuatan Game Menggunakan Unity Untuk Siswa/I SMK Brahari
Authors: Afriantoro Irfan , Suherman  , Nurul Arifaeni Islami  , Edi Widodo  , Rensi Suryanti  , Puji Harta  
Published: September 2024

Abstrak: Pengabdian Masyarakat ini mengangkat kegiatan mengenai pelatihan pembuatan Game menggunakan Game Engine Unity. Unity merupakan salah satu Game Engine terpopuler saat ini. Dikarenakan game engine ini mampu untuk menghasilkan game lintas platform sistem operasi. PKM ini diadakan bersama siswa SMK BRAHARI Kabupaten Bekasi. Kegiatan ini di adakan di SMK BRAHARI Kabupaten Bekasi. Dari kegiatan ini peserta diajarkan step-step pembuatan aplikasi menggunakan unity. Peserta diajarkan teknik instalasi, pembuatan objek dasar dan game dasar. Evaluasi kegiatan berupa beberapa tugas latihan dari pemateri yang dikumpulkan di kemudian hari. Tugas ini dikerjakan disekolah mereka masing-masing. Hasil dari penghargaan peserta ini diberikan berupa sertifikat kepada masing-masing peserta. Hasil pekerjaan projek terbaik diberikan hadiah tambahan dari pemateri.

Kata Kunci : Aplikasi, Game, Pelatihan, SMK, Unity.

Abstract: This Community Service raises activities regarding game making training using Game Engine Unity. Unity is one of the most popular Game Engines today. Because this game engine is capable of producing cross-platform games for operating systems. This PKM was held with students of SMK BRAHARI Kabupaten Bekasi. This activity was held at the Faculty of Computer Science, Lancang Kuning University. From this activity, participants were taught the steps for making applications using Unity. Participants are taught installation techniques, basic object creation and basic games. Evaluation of activities in the form of several exercise assignments from the presenters who were collected at a later date. This task is done in their respective schools. The results of this participant award are given in the form of a certificate to each participant. The best project work is given additional prizes from the presenters.

Keywords: Applications, Games, Training, Vocational High School, Unity.
Penggunaan Software Nginx Sebagai Load Balancing Web Server Clustering
Authors: Sibuea Sondang , Widodo Yohanes Bowo , Khaliq Muhammad Nur 
Published: September 2024

Ketika suatu situs web mengalami tingkat kunjungan yang tinggi, berdampak peningkatan permintaan layanan pada server web tunggal. Akibatnya, kinerja server web menjadi terbebani dan kemungkinan terjadi overload, sehingga server tunggal tidak mampu melayani semua permintaan dari pengguna. Untuk mengatasi hal tersebut, dapat dilakukan sistem cluster dan metode load balancing pada server. Dalam sistem cluster, beberapa server dapat dikombinasikan. Permintaan dari pengguna dapat dibagi secara merata ke seluruh cluster server web. Untuk melakukan cluster pada server, digunakan software nginx sebagai metode untuk membagi tugas yang diberikan oleh pengguna kepada cluster server web. Dengan menerapkan cluster server web dan metode load balancing sebagai pembagi, kinerja layanan kepada pengguna dapat dipercepat dibandingkan dengan hanya menggunakan satu server web. Jika terjadi kegagalan pada perangkat keras yang mengakibatkan matinya server secara keseluruhan, server lain dalam cluster akan mengambil alih fungsi server yang mati. Dengan demikian, komputer klien tidak menyadari adanya kegagalan pada server, karena proses yang sedang berlangsung pada server yang gagal atau mati akan dilanjutkan oleh server cadangan. Setelah dilakukan pengujian, dapat diambil kesimpulam bahwa dengan menggunakan load balancing bisa dimanfaatkan sebagai backup atau failover, jika salah satu server down dapat diatasi oleh server lainnya. Pelayanan request data dari user dapat ditangani lebih cepat. Rekomendasi yang dapat diberikan guna pengembangan lebih lanjut maupun melengkapi penelitian ini, yaitu dengan melakukan load balancing pada database server cluster.
Bangunan Struktur Atas Dengan Konstruksi Baja
Authors: Muhammad Ghazali  , Ayu Mauliani  , Boby Alamsyah  , Aqil Lufti Kusena  , Yuanita FD Sidabutar  , Panusunan  
Published: September 2024

This research explores the use of steel construction in modern architecture, which has undergone significant evolution alongside technological advancements and the need for efficiency in building design. Steel offers substantial strength in resisting both tension and compression forces, along with ease of installation and diverse application. The study employs observational methods to evaluate the effectiveness of steel construction in the superstructures of buildings, focusing on steel types, welding techniques, installation methods, and corrosion protection. The research findings demonstrate that utilizing steel construction in superstructures provides high structural strength, space efficiency, and long lifespan with low maintenance costs. These aspects positively impact the environmental sustainability and economic viability of construction projects. The study concludes that employing steel construction can enhance efficiency and sustainability in the construction industry. Recommendations include developing more environmentally friendly welding technologies, promoting the use of recycled steel, and investing in workforce training to optimize steel technology implementation in the future. Thus, this abstract highlights the importance of steel as a construction material that is not only technically effective but also supports principles of sustainable development.
Eosinophil count in COPD - Do we need different cut-offs for our population?
Authors: Kiran CR , Kumari Anitha K , Nair Sanjeev , George Thomas P 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Blood peripheral Eosinophil count in COPD patients is increasingly being considered as a biomarker in COPD and is now being included in major guidelines to guide treatment, particularly in the use of inhaled corticosteroids.

Objective:
To estimate the peripheral blood Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) in COPD patients attending the Pulmonary Medicine OPD, Government Medical College, Trivandrum.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was done recruiting 145 COPD patients consecutively. Patients were interviewed with a structured questionnaire and their AEC was calculated by the standard haematological method. Analysis was done with EpiInfo version 7.

Results:
145 Patients with COPD were recruited for the study and 112 MDR TB patients served as control. The mean AEC in COPD patients was 490 ±641. The AEC was significantly higher in the COPD group compared to another patient population in the same hospital represented by the Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) group (median of 469 for COPD vs. 231 for MDR TB;p value< 0.001). Among the physiological variables, a higher BMI was associated with a greater Eosinophil count.

Conclusion:
64.83% of COPD patients had an AEC greater than 300, which was the cut off recommended by GOLD guidelines for the use of inhaled cortico-steroids. Using the same value as in Western guidelines can lead to a rather liberal use of steroids in the Indian population, with its accompanying side effects.
Outcome of Aeroallergen evaluation by skin antigen testing followed by counselling on preventive behavior in Chronic Respiratory Allergy in a tertiary care setting
Authors: Ghosh Sarun , Ghosh Sayujya S , Ghosh Sudheendra C 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
The burden of illness from chronic allergic disorders like rhinitis(RH), asthma, and RH coexisting with asthma is usually due to recurrent exacerbations. The quality of life of such patients can be improved if we can control such exacerbations.

Objective:
To assess the outcome of trigger avoidance and drug adherence among chronic respiratory allergy patients who have undergone skin antigen testing followed by counselling.

Materials & Methodology:

Study design:
Observational descriptive study.

Study subjects:
Chronic Respiratory Allergy patients.

Sample size and sampling strategy:
102 consecutive cases of chronic respiratory allergy subjects who have undergone skin antigen testing and counselling.

Inclusion and exclusion:
Patients of both sexes who have undergone skin antigen testing between the age group 18 to 55 years. Those who have not given consent and those with critical illness were excluded.

Outcome measure:
Reduction in exacerbation and emergency room visits three months after the intervention. Intervention: Respiratory allergen skin testing followed by counselling on trigger avoidance and drug adherence.

Data Collection:
Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire before and 3 months after antigen testing followed by counseling.

Results:
Data from 102 cases were analyzed. The male to female ratio was 1: 1.2 with a mean age of 31years with an SD of 7 years. The most common allergen identified was indoor dust allergens. with house dust, 69.6% followed by house dust mite(HDM) 59.8%. Dual drug (preventer and reliever) inhaler therapy and administration of Leukotriene antagonists were the main drugs adhered to and 67.6 % of participants used more than 1 drug for the control of their exacerbations. The mean exacerbation rate before intervention was 4.12 and after was 1.07(p<0.01). The mean ER visit before was 0.76 and after the intervention was found to be nil (p <0.01).

Conclusion:
Identification of triggers by skin antigen testing and counselling related to prophylactic drug administration has resulted in better preventive and medication behavior. This has led to a reduction in exacerbations and ER visits on short-term assessment. Reduced exacerbation and ER visits may have a positive impact on the quality of life of chronic respiratory allergy patients.
Increased Signs of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in Dental Students
Authors: Fuentes-López Eduardo , Fuente Adrian , Bowen Macarena P. 
Published: September 2024

Context:
Despite the fact that the new generations of rotary tools emit less noise, some recent studies suggest that dental students are still at risk of hearing impairment.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to determine a possible association between noise exposure from dental equipment and early signs of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in dental students.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional study was carried out with dental and non-dental students from two universities in Chile.

Methods and Material:
A group of 102 dental students routinely exposed to noise emitted from dental equipment was selected as the study group. A group of 251 non-dental students was selected as the control group. Pure-tone audiometry was carried out on all participants ensuring that they were not exposed to noise for at least 24 hours prior to testing. The presence of a notch was determined for each participant.

Statistical analysis used:
Simultaneous-quantile regressions were used to compare percentiles of the hearing threshold between both groups. Then, the notch prevalence ratio adjusted by gender and age was estimated for each group of participants. Finally, the prevalence of an audiometric notch was compared between both groups using logistic regression models and generalized linear methods. Both fixed effect and multilevel hierarchy models were constructed.

Results:
Significant differences between groups for the 75th percentile of hearing threshold distributions at 4 and 6 kHz in the left ear and at 6 kHz in the right ear were found. In addition, study group participants exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of a notch at 4 kHz in the left ear than control group participants.

Conclusions:
Exposure to noise derived from learning activities as a dental student is associated with early signs of NIHL. Such signs include poorer hearing thresholds than those of non-dental students at 4 and 6 kHz as well as the presence of a notch at high frequencies.
Electron Microscopy Demonstrating Noise Exposure Alters Synaptic Vesicle Size in the Inferior Colliculus of Cat
Authors: Pochkhidze Nino , Gogokhia Nino , Japaridze Nadezhda , Lazrishvili Ilia , Bikashvili Tamar , Zhvania Mzia G. 
Published: September 2024

Context:
White noise is known to have detrimental effects on different brain regions, especially auditory regions, including inferior colliculus. Although the basis for such alterations has been hypothesized to result from abnormalities in neurotransmitter release, the mechanism is unclear. The final step in neurotransmission is the docking and transient fusion of synaptic vesicles at the base of cup-shaped lipoprotein structures called porosomes at the presynaptic membrane and the consequent release of neurotransmitters. Earlier studies in cat brain document altered morphology of the secretory portal the porosome at nerve terminals in the inferior colliculus following white noise exposure. The current study was performed to test the hypothesis of possible changes to synaptic vesicle size in the colliculus, following white noise exposure.

Material and Methods:
Electron microscopic morphometry of synaptic vesicles size in axo-dendritic synapses at the colliculus region of the cat brain was performed.

Results:
We report, for first time, decreased size of both docked and undocked vesicles in high-intensity white noise-exposed animals. In both control and experimental animals, docked vesicles are demonstrated to be smaller than undocked vesicles, suggesting fractional discharge of vesicular contents via porosome-mediated kiss-and-run mechanism.

Conclusion:
These studies advance our understanding of neurotransmitter release and the impact of white noise on brain function.
Relationships between Long-term Residential Exposure to Total Environmental Noise and Stroke Incidence
Authors: Yankoty Larisa I. , Gamache Philippe , Plante Céline , Goudreau Sophie , Blais Claudia , Perron Stéphane , Fournier Michel , Ragettli Martina S. , Hatzopoulou Marianne , Liu Ying , Smargiassi Audrey 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Noise has been related to several cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as coronary heart disease and to their risk factors such as hypertension, but associations with stroke remain under-researched, even if CVD likely share similar pathophysiologic mechanisms.

Aim:
The objective of the study was to examine the association between long-term residential exposure to total environmental noise and stroke incidence in Montreal, Canada.

Materials and Methods:
We created an open cohort of adults aged ≥45years, free of stroke before entering the cohort for the years 2000 to 2014 with health administrative data. Residential total environmental noise levels were estimated with land use regression (LUR) models. Incident stroke was based on hospital admissions. Cox hazard models with age as the time axis and time-varying exposures were used to estimate associations, which were adjusted for material deprivation, year, nitrogen dioxide, stratified for sex, and indirectly adjusted for smoking.

Results:
There were 9,072,492 person-years of follow-up with 47% men; 26,741 developed stroke (21,402 ischemic; 4947 hemorrhagic; 392 had both). LUR total noise level acoustic equivalent for 24 hours (LAeq24h) ranged 44 to 79 dBA. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for stroke (all types), for a 10-dBA increase in LAeq24h, was 1.06 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03–1.09]. The LAeq24h was associated with ischemic (HR per 10 dBA: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.04–1.12) but not hemorrhagic stroke (HR per 10 dBA: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.90–1.04).

Conclusion:
The results suggest that total environmental noise is associated with incident stroke, which is consistent with studies on transportation noise and other CVD.
The effect of background noise on speech perception in monolingual and bilingual adults with normal hearing
Authors: Alqattan Danah , Turner Paul 
Published: September 2024

Background:
Previous studies have highlighted that bilingual listeners have a deficit in speech perception in their second language compared with monolingual listeners in noisy listening environments. This deficit may give rise to educational and occupational implications for bilingual speakers who are studying or working in non-native language environments in poor acoustic conditions.

Objectives:
To compare the speech perception performance of monolingual English speakers and English as a second language (ESL) bilinguals within environments with various levels of background noise and to examine whether bilinguals with an early age of second language acquisition would perform better than those with a late age of acquisition.

Study sample:
Two groups of adult listeners with normal hearing participated: monolingual British English listeners (N = 15) and bilingual Arabic listeners for whom English was their second language and who were proficient in English (N = 15). The quick speech-in-noise (QuickSIN) test was used to assess signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss and SNR-50 for both groups.

Results:
The QuickSIN test results indicated that bilingual Arabic listeners with normal hearing displayed a mild SNR loss comparable to that observed for a person with hearing loss, indicating a higher SNR needed for this population to achieve a comparable level of comprehension to their monolingual English peers.

Conclusion:
Results highlight the importance of measuring SNR loss to obtain accurate diagnosis and potential rehabilitative information that is not available from audiogram studies.
Music as an aid to Allay Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgeries under Spinal Anesthesia
Authors: Kaur Haramritpal , Saini Nipun , Singh Gurpreet , Singh Amandeep , Dahuja Anshul , Kaur Rajinder 
Published: September 2024

Introduction:
Patients undergoing surgery are anxious owing to the surgery, anesthesia, and unfamiliar environment of the operation theater. This anxiety can hamper the health and recovery of the patients. Among various nonpharmacologic modalities available, music can be used as a coping strategy to change uncomfortable conditions to the pleasant ones.

Aims:
To evaluate the role of music on perioperative anxiety, hemodynamic parameters, and patient satisfaction in patients undergoing orthopedic surgeries under spinal anesthesia.

Settings and design:
Tertiary care hospital, randomized control trial.

Materials and methods:
The study was conducted after approval by Hospital Ethical Committee on 70 adult patients of either gender scheduled to undergo lower limb surgeries under spinal anesthesia. In group M (n = 35), patients listened to standard relaxation music, and in group C (n = 35), patients listened to standard operation theater noise tape through noise canceling headphones. The intraoperative hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Perioperative anxiety was assessed using visual analog scale for anxiety. Sedation score was observed using observer’s assessment of alertness/sedation scale. Patient’s satisfaction was also assessed in both the groups.

Statistical analysis:
Student t test, Chi-squared test, and paired sample t test.

Results:
In group M, heart rate was lower when compared with group C. The difference was statistically significant at 10 minutes of assessment (P = 0.003) and statistically highly significant (P < 0.001) for rest of the time period. Statistically significant lower respiratory rate was there in group M when compared with group C (P = 0.05). Patients were more satisfied in the music group when compared with control group.

Conclusion:
The potential of music therapy can be used to allay patient anxiety, stabilize hemodynamics, and improve patient satisfaction.
Influence of Auditory Training on Acceptable Noise Level Scores in Elderly Persons with Hearing Impairment
Authors: Nakshathri Megha K. , Mohan Kishan M. , R Greeshma 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
To study the Influence of Auditory Training on acceptable noise level (ANL) scores in elderly persons with hearing impairment.

Design:
Quasi-experimental study design.

Study sample:
A total of 20 bilateral mild to moderately severe sensorineural hearing loss participants with “high” ANL scores were taken into the study and randomly allocated to experimental and control groups. In the time frame, the experimental group provided 12 sessions of speech in noise training with a hearing aid and the baseline measures were repeated in both groups.

Results:
The Acceptable noise level and Speech in Noise scores significantly improved post-training only in the experimental group. They also showed a significant difference “Client Oriented Scale of Improvement (COSI)” scale in the domain “Conversation in Noise”.

Conclusions:
Acceptable noise level is susceptible to training similar to that of speech in noise score. It provides hope to the individuals who are poor candidates to the hearing aids.
Effects of Noise Type and Noise Sensitivity on Working Memory and Noise Annoyance
Authors: Song Chen , Li Hongqidi , Ma Huirui , Han Tao , Wu Jianping 
Published: September 2024

Objective:
This study explored the interaction between environment and behavior and analyzed the effect of physical environment stimuli and individual differences on environmental perception.

Methods:
We investigated the effects of two kinds of noise sensitivities (high sensitivity and low sensitivity) and three kinds of noise types (quiet, road traffic noise, and speech noise) on working memory and noise annoyance of college students through questionnaires and experiments.

Results:
(i) noise sensitivity was positively correlated with neuroticism and negatively correlated with conscientiousness. (ii) The interaction between noise sensitivity and noise type significantly affected the accuracy of working memory. (iii) Both noise sensitivity and the main effect of noise type significantly affected the response time of working memory. (iv) The interaction between noise sensitivity and noise type significantly affects noise annoyance.

Conclusion:
There were significant differences in working memory performance and subjective noise annoyance among individuals with different levels of noise sensitivity.
Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the “Youth Attitude to Noise Scale” into Turkish (YANS-Tr)
Authors: Ozmen Kübra 
Published: September 2024

Context:
With the changing lifestyle in modern society, the youth has become the target of substantial noise exposure. Both environmental noise and the use of personal electronic devices create a risk for youth’s hearing conservation as reported in several studies.

Aims:
This study aims to adapt and validate the Youth Attitude to Noise Scale (YANS), developed by Widén and Erlandsson for use in the Turkish setting.

Settings and Design:
The linguistic adaptation of the YANS into Turkish (YANS-Tr) was conducted with three experts in linguistics. A cross-sectional study was designed for high school students to establish the evidence for the reliability and validity of the scale.

Methods and Material:
345 high school students participated in the pilot study. The demographic data form developed by the researcher was used to retrieve the information related to participants. Lastly, the 19-item YANS-Tr was delivered to students.

Statistical analysis used:
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed for the construct validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients were calculated for each dimension and the whole scale.

Results:
Four-dimensional structure was yielded for the YANS-Tr as in the original version of the scale. However, some items (8th, 10th, 18th, and 19th) were loaded under different dimensions. The reliability coefficient of the scale (Cronbach’s α = 0.79) was within the acceptable range. The mean overall YANS-Tr score was 2.68. When the mean scores are compared with other countries, Turkey stands higher than Sweden (2.10), close to Serbia (2.76) and Brazil (2.80), and lower than Belgium (3.10) and China (3.46).

Conclusions:
The YANS-Tr is shown to be a valid and reliable assessment tool to evaluate the students’ attitude to noise in Turkey.