bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Persistence of the Genealogical in Contemporary Theology
Authors: Bergem Ragnar M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is a persistence of genealogical discourse in a certain strand of contemporary theology. Opting for the genealogical shapes the theological task of remembrance and engagement with the historical tradition in important, but also problematic, ways. In this article I discuss how genealogical discourse was appropriated by theology, and then uncover its implicit assumptions and tendencies. Analysing some encounters between theological genealogies and various Hegelian thinkers, I draw a contrast between Nietzschean genealogy and Hegelian ‘phenomenology’. This comparison brings to light some fundamental ways in which the genealogical might distort theological writing and practice.
Nominalist Realism*
Authors: Jones Nicholas K. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis paper explores the impact of quantification into predicate position on the metaphysics of properties, arguing that two familiar debates about properties are fundamentally altered by recasting them in a second‐order setting. Two theories of properties are outlined, differing over whether the existence of properties is expressed using first‐order or second‐order quantifiers. It is argued that the second‐order theory: (a) provides good reason to regard debate about the locations of properties as contentless; (b) resolves debate about whether properties are particulars or universals in favour of universals.
Changes in the chloroplastic CO2 concentration explain much of the observed Kok effect: a model
Authors: Farquhar Graham D. , Busch Florian A. 
Published: March 2017

Summary

Mitochondrial respiration often appears to be inhibited in the light when compared with measurements in the dark. This inhibition is inferred from the response of the net CO2 assimilation rate (A) to absorbed irradiance (I), changing slope around the light compensation point (Ic). We suggest a model that provides a plausible mechanistic explanation of this ‘Kok effect’.

The model uses the mathematical description of photosynthesis developed by Farquhar, von Caemmerer and Berry; it involves no inhibition of respiration rate in the light. We also describe a fitting technique for quantifying the Kok effect at low I.

Changes in the chloroplastic CO2 partial pressure (Cc) can explain curvature of A vs I, its diminution in C4 plants and at low oxygen concentrations or high carbon dioxide concentrations in C3 plants, and effects of dark respiration rate and of temperature. It also explains the apparent inhibition of respiration in the light as inferred by the Laisk approach.

While there are probably other sources of curvature in A vs I, variation in Cc can largely explain the curvature at low irradiance, and suggests that interpretation of day respiration compared with dark respiration of leaves on the basis of the Kok effect needs reassessment.
Scaling up flammability from individual leaves to fuel beds
Authors: Grootemaat Saskia , Wright Ian J. , van Bodegom Peter M. , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: March 2017

Wildfires play an important role in vegetation composition and structure, nutrient fluxes, human health and wealth, and are interlinked with climate change. Plants have an influence on wildfire behaviour and predicting this feedback is a high research priority. For upscaling from leaf traits to wildfire behaviour we need to know if the same leaf traits are important for the flammability of 1) individual leaves, and 2) multiple leaves packed in fuel beds. Based on a conceptual framework, we hypothesised that fuel packing properties, through airflow limitation, would overrule the effects of individual leaf morphology and chemistry.To test this hypothesis we compared the results of two experiments, respectively addressing individual leaf flammability and monospecific fuel bed flammability of 25 perennial species from eastern Australia.Across species, fuel bed packing ratio and bulk density scaled negatively with fire spread and positively with maximum temperature and burning time. Species with ‘curlier’ leaves, higher specific leaf area, lower tannin concentrations and lower tissue density promoted faster fire spread through fuel beds.We found that species with shorter individual leaf ignition times had a faster fire spread, shorter burning times and lower temperatures in fuel beds. Leaf traits that affect the flammability of individual leaves (e.g. specific leaf area), continue to do so even when packed in fuel beds.While previous studies have focused on either flammability of individual plant particles or fire behaviour in fuel beds, this is the first time that an overarching combination of the two approaches was made for a wide range of species. Our findings provide a better understanding of fuel bed flammability based on interspecific variation in morphological and some chemical leaf traits. This can be a first step in linking leaf traits to fire behaviour in the field.
Rare FBXO18 variations and risk of schizophrenia: Whole‐exome sequencing in two parent‐affected offspring trios followed by resequencing and case–control studies
Authors: Hoya Satoshi , Watanabe Yuichiro , Hishimoto Akitoyo , Nunokawa Ayako , Inoue Emiko , Igeta Hirofumi , Otsuka Ikuo , Shibuya Masako , Egawa Jun , Sora Ichiro , Someya Toshiyuki 
Published: March 2017

AimRare variations are suggested to play a role in the genetic etiology of schizophrenia; to further investigate their role, we performed a three‐stage study in a Japanese population.MethodsIn the first stage, we performed whole‐exome sequencing (WES) of two parent‐affected offspring trios. In the second stage, we resequenced the FBXO18 coding region in 96 patients. In the third stage, we tested rare non‐synonymous FBXO18 variations for association with schizophrenia in two independent populations comprising a total of 1376 patients and 1496 controls.ResultsA rare frameshift variation (L116fsX) in the FBXO18 gene was recurrently identified by WES in both trios. Resequencing FBXO18 coding regions, we detected three rare non‐synonymous variations (V15L, L116fsX, and V1006I). However, there were no significant associations between these rare FBXO18 variations and schizophrenia in the case–control study.ConclusionOur present study does not provide evidence for the contribution of rare non‐synonymous FBXO18 variations to the genetic etiology of schizophrenia in the Japanese population. However, to draw a definitive conclusion, further studies should be performed using sufficiently large sample sizes.
Atopic Dermatitis in Israeli Adolescents from 1998 to 2013: Trends in Time and Association with Migraine
Authors: Shreberk‐Hassidim Rony , Hassidim Ayal , Gronovich Yoav , Dalal Adam , Molho‐Pessach Vered , Zlotogorski Abraham 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundRecent data have shown an increasing occurrence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children and adolescents, as well as in adults. Most of the epidemiologic research on AD is limited to pediatric and youth populations and is based on self‐reported questionnaires.MethodsA nationwide, population‐based, cross‐sectional retrospective study of adolescents with AD was performed to estimate its prevalence, trends, and association with demographic factors and comorbidities. The study included all Israeli teens going through medical evaluation as part of the assessment before being conscripted into the military from 1998 to 2013.ResultsA total of 1,187,757 adolescents were included in the study population, with an overall prevalence of AD of 0.64% in boys and 0.9% in girls. Over the study period, the prevalence of AD steadily increased, especially in the mild disease group. A greater risk of AD was found in subjects with high predicted socioeconomic status (male: odds ratio [OR] 1.14 [95% confidence interval {CI} 1.11, 1.16]; female: OR 1.08, [95% CI 1.05, 1.10]) and Israeli‐born subjects (male: OR 1.34 [95% CI 1.21, 1.48]; female: OR 1.12 [95% CI 1.01, 1.23]). Allergic conditions such as asthma, conjunctivitis, and contact dermatitis were more prevalent in subjects with AD. There was a significantly higher prevalence of migraine in patients with AD (male: OR 1.35 [95% CI 1.18, 1.54]; female: OR 1.51 [95% CI 1.30, 1.74]).ConclusionThis large cross‐sectional study demonstrates the increasing prevalence of AD in adolescents and its relation to other allergic diseases and migraine. It is hoped that greater awareness of the distinctive epidemiologic characteristics of this population will lead to better recognition and management of the disease and its comorbidities.
Kaposiform Hemangioendothelioma Presenting as Hydrops Fetalis
Authors: Sobrino‐Fernández Elena , Campos‐Domínguez Minia , Gregorio‐Hernández Rebeca , Huerta‐Aragonés Jorge , Beléndez‐Bieler Cristina , Lancharro‐Zapata Ángel , Franco‐Fernández María Luisa , Bernardo‐Atienza Belén , Sánchez‐Luna Manuel 
Published: March 2017

AbstractWe describe the case of a 33‐week preterm infant who developed nonimmune hydrops fetalis secondary to a kaposiform hemangioendothelioma (KHE). The tumor was successfully treated with vincristine, prednisone, ticlopidine, and aspirin. KHE can be an unusual cause of hydrops fetalis; in such cases, diagnosis can be challenging since generalized edema can obscure KHE.
Dermoscopic Findings of an Unusual Acral Nevus on the Hand of a Child
Authors: Liebman Tracey N. , Diakow Marla N. , Glick Sharon A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDistinguishing benign acral nevi from small early acral melanomas may be challenging in certain cases. Dermoscopy is a noninvasive imaging technique that can help clinicians better visualize deeper lesion structures and thus more easily differentiate benign nevi from melanoma. We report the case of a 13‐year‐old girl with a changing dark brown to black macule with a central papular component on the volar surface of the right third finger. Dermoscopy revealed asymmetrically distributed irregular black blotches on a bluish‐black background. Histopathology revealed a traumatized compound melanocytic nevus. Certain melanocytic nevi, although histologically benign, may not conform to the limited selection of reassuring benign dermoscopic patterns. Nevi in children are often dynamic and have a high likelihood of dermoscopic change.
Menkes Disease Mimicking Child Abuse
Authors: Droms Rebecca J. , Rork Jillian F. , McLean Riley , Martin Madelena , Belazarian Leah , Wiss Karen 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlthouygh Menkes disease has well‐recognized neurologic, developmental, and cutaneous features, the initial presentation may resemble child abuse. We describe a 5‐month‐old boy with multiple fractures indicative of nonaccidental trauma who was ultimately diagnosed with Menkes disease. Copper deficiency leads to connective tissue abnormalities and may result in subdural hematomas, wormian bones, cervical spine defects, rib fractures, and spurring of the long bone metaphyses. Several of these findings, including fractures and subdural hematomas, may be misinterpreted as child abuse.
Afebrile Kawasaki disease with coronary artery dilatation
Authors: Yoshino Atsunori , Tanaka Risa , Takano Tadamasa , Oishi Tsutomu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHerein we describe the cases of two afebrile patients who were thought to have Kawasaki disease (KD). Patient 1 was a 7‐month‐old‐Japanese girl. She presented with bulbar conjunctival injection, diarrhea, skin erythema, and redness around the bacillus Calmette–Guerin (BCG) inoculation site. Thirteen days after the first symptoms, ultrasonic cardiogram (UCG) showed dilatations of the bilateral coronary arteries (CA). The dilatations had completely resolved 5 months later. Patient 2 was a 13‐month‐old Japanese boy. He first presented with bulbar conjunctival injection and redness around the BCG inoculation site. Twenty‐two days after the first symptoms, UCG indicated bilateral and peripheral CA dilatations. The mild dilatations of the proximal CA remained. Although fever is the principal symptom of KD, some incomplete KD patients may be afebrile. Although it is difficult to diagnose these patients as having KD, redness at the BCG inoculation site may be a clue to the diagnosis.
Microangiopathic antiphospholipid antibody syndrome due to anti‐phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex IgM antibody
Authors: Senda Yumi , Ohta Kazuhide , Yokoyama Tadafumi , Shimizu Masaki , Furuichi Kengo , Wada Takashi , Yachie Akihiro 
Published: March 2017

AbstractHerein we describe a case of microangiopathic antiphospholipid syndrome (MAPS) due to anti‐phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex (aPS/PT) IgM antibody successfully treated with rituximab. A significant correlation was observed between the clinical course and the aPS/PT IgM antibody titer, which can rise earlier before the appearance of clinical symptoms. Rituximab can be safely and effectively used for MAPS. Although detection of only aPS/PT IgM antibody is rare, aPS/PT IgM antibody might be associated with the pathogenesis of MAPS and might be a useful marker of disease activity.
Mortality after Inpatient Treatment for Severe Pneumonia in Children: a Cohort Study
Authors: Ngari Moses M. , Fegan Greg , Mwangome Martha K. , Ngama Mwanajuma J. , Mturi Neema , Scott John Anthony Gerard , Bauni Evasius , Nokes David James , Berkley James A. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough pneumonia is a leading cause of inpatient mortality, deaths may also occur after discharge from hospital. However, prior studies have been small, in selected groups or did not fully evaluate risk factors, particularly malnutrition and HIV. We determined 1‐year post‐discharge mortality and risk factors among children diagnosed with severe pneumonia.MethodsA cohort study of children aged 1–59 months admitted to Kilifi County Hospital with severe pneumonia (2007–12). The primary outcome was death <1 year after discharge, determined through Kilifi Health and Demographic Surveillance System (KHDSS) quarterly census rounds.ResultsOf 4184 children (median age 9 months) admitted with severe pneumonia, 1041 (25%) had severe acute malnutrition (SAM), 267 (6.4%) had a positive HIV antibody test, and 364 (8.7%) died in hospital. After discharge, 2279 KHDSS‐resident children were followed up; 70 (3.1%) died during 2163 child‐years: 32 (95% confidence interval (CI) 26, 41) deaths per 1000 child years. Post‐discharge mortality was greater after admission for severe pneumonia than for other diagnoses, hazard ratio 2.5 (95% CI 1.2, 5.3). Malnutrition, HIV status, age and prolonged hospitalisation, but not signs of pneumonia severity, were associated with post‐discharge mortality. Fifty‐two per cent (95% CI 37%, 63%) of post‐discharge deaths were attributable to low mid‐upper arm circumference and 11% (95% CI 3.3%, 18%) to a positive HIV test.ConclusionsAdmission with severe pneumonia is an important marker of vulnerability. Risk stratification and better understanding of the mechanisms underlying post‐discharge mortality, especially for undernourished children, are needed to reduce mortality after treatment for pneumonia.
Association of Shorter Height with Increased Risk of Ischaemic Placental Disease
Authors: Ogawa Kohei , Morisaki Naho , Saito Shigeru , Sato Shoji , Fujiwara Takeo , Sago Haruhiko 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough adult height is inversely related with the risk of chronic disease, the association between maternal height and ischaemic placental disease remains unclear.MethodsWe used the national, multicentre Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology perinatal database to assess the risk of preeclampsia, placental abruption, and small for gestational age (SGA) births (birthweight < 10th percentile), which together constitute the syndrome ‘ischaemic placental disease’, in relation to self‐reported height in 218 412 women with no underlying diseases before pregnancy, who delivered singletons in 2005–11. Height was categorised into quartiles as well as considered in linear terms, and its effect on each outcome was estimated using multivariable log binomial regression adjusted for the maternal characteristics.ResultsThe risk of preeclampsia, placental abruption, and SGA birth was inversely related to maternal height. In the adjusted model, mothers in the lowest quartile for height (<155 cm) were at higher risk of preeclampsia (relative risk (RR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25, 1.45), placental abruption (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07, 1.34), and SGA (RR 1.96, 95% CI 1.90, 2.03) compared with mothers in the highest quartile (>162 cm). When the association between height and outcomes was considered in linear terms, each 5 cm decrement in height was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia (RR 1.11, 95% CI 1.09, 1.14), placental abruption (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.01, 1.09), and SGA birth (RR 1.30, 95% CI 1.28, 1.31).ConclusionShorter height was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, placental abruption, and SGA birth.
An Insurance Market Simulation With Both Adverse and Advantageous Selection
Authors: Chen Leon , Jaiprakash Puneet 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe theory of adverse selection predicts that high‐risk individuals are more likely to buy insurance than low‐risk individuals if asymmetric information regarding individuals’ risk type is present in the market. The theory of advantageous selection predicts the opposite—a negative relationship between insurance coverage and risk type can be obtained when hidden knowledge in other dimensions (e.g., the degree of risk aversion) is present in addition to the risk type. Using the heterogeneity of insurance buyers in either risk type or risk aversion, we first introduce a classroom‐based insurance market simulation game to show that adverse selection and advantageous selection can coexist. We then explain the underlying concepts using two methods: a mathematical framework based on expected utility theory and an empirical framework based on the results of the game itself. The game is easy to implement, reinforces textbook concepts by providing students a hands‐on experience, and supplements current textbooks by bringing their content up to date with current research.
Cultural family beliefs, maternal sacrifice, and adolescent psychological competence in Chinese poor single‐mother families
Authors: Leung Janet T. Y. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractResearch on cultural family beliefs and family processes as protective factors of adolescent development is severely lacking in the Chinese culture. Based on 432 Chinese single‐mother families living in poverty in Hong Kong, the relationships among Chinese cultural beliefs of familism, adolescent perceived maternal sacrifice, and psychological competence (indexed by a clear and healthy identity, cognitive competence, and a positive future outlook) were examined. Results showed that adolescents' perceived maternal sacrifice mediated the influence between maternal Chinese cultural beliefs of familism and the psychological competence of adolescents raised in poor single‐mother families in Hong Kong. The present study underscores the importance of cultural family beliefs and parental sacrifice on nurturing adolescent psychological competence in Chinese single‐mother families living in poverty, which contributes to the construction of a family resilience model applicable to Chinese communities.
More with Less? Fiscal Decentralisation, Public Health Spending and Health Sector Performance
Authors: Arends Helge 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDecentralisation is considered a panacea for deficient public sector performance by many. However, recent trends of health sector recentralisation in several OECD countries suggest the opposite. Taking on a cross‐country perspective, I examine two hypotheses, namely that decentralisation leads to an increase in public health spending (H1) and to poor health sector outcomes (H2). The evidence I present suggests that decentralising spending tends to lead to larger public health sectors and to poorer health sector outcomes. However, decentralising tax authority has no effect on the size of the health sector and may actually have a positive effect on health sector performance. The broader lesson is that while general fiscal decentralisation research tends to imply that its conclusions are valid for all policy areas in a similar way, sector‐specific insights can reveal a more nuanced view on the consequences of fiscal decentralisation.
Joint effects of climate variability and socioecological factors on dengue transmission: epidemiological evidence
Authors: Akter Rokeya , Hu Wenbiao , Naish Suchithra , Banu Shahera , Tong Shilu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the epidemiological evidence on the joint effects of climate variability and socioecological factors on dengue transmission.MethodsFollowing PRISMA guidelines, a detailed literature search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. Peer‐reviewed, freely available and full‐text articles, considering both climate and socioecological factors in relation to dengue, published in English from January 1993 to October 2015 were included in this review.ResultsTwenty studies have met the inclusion criteria and assessed the impact of both climatic and socioecological factors on dengue dynamics. Among those, four studies have further investigated the relative importance of climate variability and socioecological factors on dengue transmission. A few studies also developed predictive models including both climatic and socioecological factors.ConclusionsDue to insufficient data, methodological issues and contextual variability of the studies, it is hard to draw conclusion on the joint effects of climate variability and socioecological factors on dengue transmission. Future research should take into account socioecological factors in combination with climate variables for a better understanding of the complex nature of dengue transmission as well as for improving the predictive capability of dengue forecasting models, to develop effective and reliable early warning systems.
CT‐derived indices of canine osteosarcoma‐affected antebrachial strength
Authors: Garcia Tanya C. , Steffey Michele A. , Zwingenberger Allison L. , Daniel Leticia , Stover Susan M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo improve the prediction of fractures in dogs with bone tumors of the distal radius by identifying computed tomography (CT) indices that correlate with antebrachial bone strength and fracture location.Study designProspective experimental study.AnimalsDogs with antebrachial osteosarcoma (n = 10), and normal cadaver bones (n=9).MethodsAntebrachia were imaged with quantitative CT prior to biomechanical testing to failure. CT indices of structural properties were compared to yield force and maximum force using Pearson correlation tests.ResultsStraight beam failure (Fs), axial rigidity, curved beam failure (Fc), and craniocaudal bending moment of inertia (MOICrCd) CT indices most highly correlated (0.77 > R > 0.57) with yield and maximum forces when iOSA‐affected and control bones were included in the analysis. Considering only OSA‐affected bones, Fs, Fc, and axial rigidity correlated highly (0.85 > R > 0.80) with maximum force. In affected bones, the location of minimum axial rigidity and maximum MOICrCd correlated highly (R > 0.85) with the actual fracture location.ConclusionsCT‐derived axial rigidity, Fs, and MOICrCd have strong linear relationships with yield and maximum force. These indices should be further evaluated prospectively in OSA‐affected dogs that do, and do not, experience pathologic fracture.