bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Metaproteomics of Colonic Microbiota Unveils Discrete Protein Functions among Colitic Mice and Control Groups
Authors: Moon Clara , Stupp Gregory S. , Su Andrew I. , Wolan Dennis W. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractMetaproteomics can greatly assist established high‐throughput sequencing methodologies to provide systems biological insights into the alterations of microbial protein functionalities correlated with disease‐associated dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. Here, the authors utilize the well‐characterized murine T cell transfer model of colitis to find specific changes within the intestinal luminal proteome associated with inflammation. MS proteomic analysis of colonic samples permitted the identification of ≈10 000–12 000 unique peptides that corresponded to 5610 protein clusters identified across three groups, including the colitic Rag1−/− T cell recipients, isogenic Rag1−/− controls, and wild‐type mice. The authors demonstrate that the colitic mice exhibited a significant increase in Proteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia and show that such alterations in the microbial communities contributed to the enrichment of specific proteins with transcription and translation gene ontology terms. In combination with 16S sequencing, the authors' metaproteomics‐based microbiome studies provide a foundation for assessing alterations in intestinal luminal protein functionalities in a robust and well‐characterized mouse model of colitis, and set the stage for future studies to further explore the functional mechanisms of altered protein functionalities associated with dysbiosis and inflammation.
Ring‐expansion polymerization of meso‐lactide catalyzed by dibutyltin derivatives
Authors: Kricheldorf Hans Rytger , Weidner Steffen M. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTMeso‐Lactide was polymerized in bulk at 60, 80, and 100 °C by means of three different types of catalysts: dibutyltin sulfides (2,2‐dibutyl‐2‐stanna‐1,3‐dithiolane and 2,2′‐dibutyl‐2‐stanna‐1,3‐dithiane), dibutyltin derivatives of substituted catechols (BuCa, CyCa, and BzCa), and dibutyltin derivatives of 2,2′dihydroxybiphenyl (SnBi) and 2,2′‐dihydroxy‐1,1′‐binaphthyl (SnNa). Only the latter two catalysts were active at 60 °C. The architecture of the resulting polylactides depends very much on the structure of the catalyst and on the temperature. At the lowest temperature (60 °C), SnBi and SnNa mainly yielded even‐numbered linear chains, but SnNa also yielded even‐numbered cycles at 100 °C and short reaction times. In contrast, BuCa, CyCa, and BzCa mainly yielded odd‐numbered cycles, although the same catalysts yielded even‐numbered linear chains when benzylalcohol was added. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 749–759
Predictors of emotional distress a year or more after diagnosis of cancer: A systematic review of the literature
Authors: Cook Sharon A. , Salmon Peter , Hayes Gemma , Byrne Angela , Fisher Peter L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectiveWhy some people recover emotionally after diagnosis and treatment of cancer and others do not is poorly understood. To identify factors around the time of diagnosis that predict longer‐term distress is a necessary step in developing interventions to reduce patients' vulnerability. This review identified the demographic, clinical, social, and psychological factors available at or within 3 months of diagnosis that are reliable predictors of emotional distress at least 12 months later.MethodsA systematic search of literature for prospective studies addressing our research question and predicting a range of distress outcomes was conducted. Thirty‐nine papers (reporting 36 studies) were subjected to narrative synthesis of the evidence.ResultsThere was no consistent evidence that demographic, clinical, or social factors reliably predicted longer‐term distress. Of the psychological factors examined, only baseline distress (significant in 26 of 30 relevant papers; 24 of 28 studies) and neuroticism (significant in all 5 papers/studies that examined it) consistently predicted longer‐term distress. The heterogeneity of included studies, particularly in populations studied and methodology, precluded meta‐analytic techniques.ConclusionsThis review supports current clinical guidance advising early assessment of distress as a marker of vulnerability to persistent problems. Additionally, neuroticism is also indicated as a useful marker of vulnerability. However, the review also highlights that more sophisticated research designs, capable of identifying the psychological processes that underlie the association between these marker variables and persistent distress, are needed before more effective early interventions can be developed.
Longitudinal assessment of lung function in extremely prematurely born children
Authors: Lo Jessica , Zivanovic Sanja , Lunt Alan , Alcazar‐Paris Mireia , Andradi Gwendolyn , Thomas Mark , Marlow Neil , Calvert Sandy , Peacock Janet , Greenough Anne 
Published: January 2018

AbstractObjectivesTo assess longitudinally small airway function in children born extremely prematurely and whether there was a correlation between airway function in infancy and at 11‐14 years.Working HypothesesThere would be tracking of airways obstruction and small airway function would deteriorate during childhood in those born extremely prematurely.Study DesignA longitudinal study.Patient‐Subject SelectionThirty‐five children with a mean gestational age of 26 weeks had lung function assessed at 1 year corrected and 11‐14 years of age.MethodologyLung volumes were measured by helium gas dilution (FRCHe) and plethysmography (FRCpleth) and small airway function assessed by calculating the FRCHe:FRCpleth ratio. Airway function was assessed at 1 year corrected by measurement of airway resistance (Raw) and at 11‐14 years by assessment of Raw, forced expiratory flow from 75% of vital capacity (FEF75), and forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1).ResultsAt the first assessment, the children had a mean (SD) FRCHe:FRCpleth of 0.90 (0.13) and at the second, 0.83 (0.12) (P = 0.035). There was a significant 0.54% decrease (95%CI: −1.02%, −0.06%) in FRCHe:FRCpleth for increased age per year after adjusting for birth weight, gestational age, sex, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (P = 0.027). There were significant correlations between Raw at the first assessment and Raw (P = 0.012), FEF75 (P = 0.034), and FEV1 (P = 0.04) at 11‐14 years.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate in those born extremely prematurely there is tracking of airway function during childhood.
Prostatectomy‐based validation of combined urine and plasma test for predicting high grade prostate cancer
Authors: Albitar Maher , Ma Wanlong , Lund Lars , Shahbaba Babak , Uchio Edward , Feddersen Søren , Moylan Donald , Wojno Kirk , Shore Neal 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundDistinguishing between low‐ and high‐grade prostate cancers (PCa) is important, but biopsy may underestimate the actual grade of cancer. We have previously shown that urine/plasma‐based prostate‐specific biomarkers can predict high grade PCa. Our objective was to determine the accuracy of a test using cell‐free RNA levels of biomarkers in predicting prostatectomy results.MethodsThis multicenter community‐based prospective study was conducted using urine/blood samples collected from 306 patients. All recruited patients were treatment‐naïve, without metastases, and had been biopsied, designated a Gleason Score (GS) based on biopsy, and assigned to prostatectomy prior to participation in the study. The primary outcome measure was the urine/plasma test accuracy in predicting high grade PCa on prostatectomy compared with biopsy findings. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated using standard formulas, while comparisons between groups were performed using the Wilcoxon Rank Sum, Kruskal‐Wallis, Chi‐Square, and Fisher's exact test.ResultsGS as assigned by standard 10‐12 core biopsies was 3 + 3 in 90 (29.4%), 3 + 4 in 122 (39.8%), 4 + 3 in 50 (16.3%), and > 4 + 3 in 44 (14.4%) patients. The urine/plasma assay confirmed a previous validation and was highly accurate in predicting the presence of high‐grade PCa (Gleason ≥3 + 4) with sensitivity between 88% and 95% as verified by prostatectomy findings. GS was upgraded after prostatectomy in 27% of patients and downgraded in 12% of patients.ConclusionsThis plasma/urine biomarker test accurately predicts high grade cancer as determined by prostatectomy with a sensitivity at 92‐97%, while the sensitivity of core biopsies was 78%.
Crystal structure of tetrameric human Rabin8 GEF domain
Authors: Vetter Melanie , Boegholm Niels , Christensen Anni , Bhogaraju Sagar , Andersen Marie B. , Lorentzen Anna , Lorentzen Esben 
Published: January 2018

AbstractRab GTPases and their effectors, activators and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are essential for vesicular transport. Rab8 and its GEF Rabin8 function in formation of the cilium organelle important for developmental signaling and sensory reception. Here, we show by size exclusion chromatography and analytical ultracentrifugation that Rabin8 exists in equilibrium between dimers and tetramers. The crystal structure of tetrameric Rabin8 GEF domain reveals an occluded Rab8 binding site suggesting that this oligomer is enzymatically inactive, a notion we verify experimentally using Rabin8/Rab8 GEF assays. We outline a procedure for the purification of active dimeric Rabin8 GEF‐domain for in vitro activity assays.
Antifeedant effect of polygodial and drimenol derivatives against Spodoptera frugiperda and Epilachna paenulata and quantitative structure‐activity analysis
Authors: Montenegro Iván J , del Corral Soledad , Diaz Napal Georgina N , Carpinella María C , Mellado Marco , Madrid Alejandro M , Villena Joan , Palacios Sara M , Cuellar Mauricio A 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe antifeedant activity of 18 sesquiterpenoids of the drimane family (polygodial, drimenol and derivatives) was investigated.RESULTSPolygodial, drimanic and nordrimanic derivatives were found to exert antifeedant effects against two insect species, Spodoptera frugiperda and Epilachna paenulata, which are pests of agronomic interest, indicating that they have potential as biopesticide agents. Among the 18 compounds tested, the epoxynordrimane compound (11) and isonordrimenone (4) showed the highest activity [50% effective concentration (EC50) = 23.28 and 25.63 nmol cm−2, respectively, against S. frugiperda, and 50.50 and 59.00 nmol/cm2, respectively, against E. paenulata].CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that drimanic compounds have potential as new agents against S. frugiperda and E. paenulata. A quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) analysis of the whole series, supported by electronic studies, suggested that drimanic compounds have structural features necessary for increasing antifeedant activity, namely a C‐9 carbonyl group and an epoxide at C‐8 and C‐9. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
Antiphytoviral toxins of Actinidia chinensis root bark (ACRB) extract: laboratory and semi‐field trials
Authors: Zhang XiuYun , Zhou Yu , Wei ZhiPing , Shen Jing , Wang LongKun , Ma ZhiQing , Zhang Xing 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDActinidia chinensis Planch, which is distributed only in China, has been used to treat hepatitis and cancer. The objective of the present work was to identify the antiviral active ingredient of A. chinensis root bark (ACRB).RESULTSBioassay‐guided isolation of the most active fraction, the EtOAc extract, led to the identification of seven compounds, (+)‐catechins‐7‐phytol (1), 5‐methoxy‐coumarin‐7‐β‐D‐glycosidase (2), (+)‐catechins (3), fupenzic acid (4), spathodic acid‐28‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (5), 3‐oxo‐9, 12‐diene‐30‐oic acid (6), and 3‐β‐(2‐carboxy benzoyloxy) oleanolic acid (7). Of these, 5‐methoxy‐coumarin‐7‐β‐D‐glycosidase (2) possessed the highest antiviral activity, followed by spathodic acid‐28‐O‐β‐D‐glucopyranoside (5). Thus, compounds 2 and 5 were the main active constituents, with potential for further development as biological antiviral agents.CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that ACRB possesses great potential value for development of an antiviral agent to control phytoviral diseases. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
One‐pot synthesis of anilides, herbicidal activity and molecular docking study
Authors: Sartori Suélen K , Alvarenga Elson S , Franco Cristiane A , Ramos Danielle S , Oliveira Denilson F 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn the context of the demand for more efficient herbicides, the aim of the present work was to synthesize anilides via simple methods, and evaluate their herbicidal activities through seed germination assays. In silico studies were carried out to identify the enzyme target sites in plants for the most active anilides.RESULTSA total of 18 anilides were prepared via one‐pot reaction in yields that varied from 36 to 98% through reactions of anilines with sorbic chloride and hexanoic anhydride. According to seed germination assays in three dicotyledonous and one monocotyledonous plant species, the most active anilides showed root and shoot growth inhibition superior to that of Dual (S‐metolachlor). In silico studies indicated that histone deacetylase was the probable enzyme target site in plants for these substances. The affinities of the most active anilides for the binding sites of this enzyme were equal to or higher than those calculated for its inhibitors.CONCLUSIONAnilides 4d, 4e, 4 g, and 4 h are promising candidates for the development of novel herbicides. According to in silico studies, they inhibit histone deacetylase in plants, which can be exploited for the development of new weed control methods. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
The bright side of linking science and management in large river ecosystems: The Hudson River case study
Authors: Findlay S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractLarge river ecosystems (LRE) are important components of global cycles, influence large parts of the earth's surface, and provide many services in support of human civilization. However, understanding their condition, functioning, and trajectory of change is difficult in part due to their scale and diversity of forcing factors but also due to multiple and potentially conflicting human uses. Although these challenges are generally applicable and probably true to some degree for any large river ecosystem, there are also attributes of LRE that foster scientific understanding, can lead to knowledge‐based management, and may catalyse their interaction. The absolute size of LRE means they will be complex, unique and the water quality, physical character, or habitat availability at any particular point may be the result of drivers acting further up the basin or legacies from previous times. On the bright side however, their absolute size also means there will be existing information on many important features, not least land cover and hydrology. Moreover, it is highly likely there will be a sizeable human population in the basin that derives some benefits from the river even if just in a narrow anthropocentric fashion and so there will be some motivation for understanding characteristics and potential change. Large size also suggests that the LRE will be viewed (perhaps with some basis in law) as a national or regional resource making it (at least nominally) worthy of study and management. I provide some examples of how science and management of the Hudson River in New York, USA, have benefitted from some of these perceived difficulties perhaps offering optimism for application in other systems.
Improving STEM program quality in out‐of‐school‐time: Tool development and validation
Authors: Shah Ashima Mathur , Wylie Caroline , Gitomer Drew , Noam Gil 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn and out‐of‐school time (OST) experiences are viewed as complementary in contributing to students’ interest, engagement, and performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). While tools exist to measure quality in general afterschool settings and others to measure structured science classroom experiences, there is a need for reliable measures of STEM program quality in OST settings such as afterschool programs, summer camps, and museum or science center programming. In this paper we present the development of the Dimensions of Success (DoS) tool, which defines twelve key components of informal, exploratory STEM programming that goes beyond the school day. Additionally, we present a validity argument that includes reliability evidence for the DoS tool based on two studies: Study 1 (n = 284 observations) and Study 2 (n = 56 observations). Our findings suggest that the coherence of the constructs and validity evidence, as well as the training and certification procedures in place for DoS, make it an important tool to understand the quality of STEM experiences for youth beyond the school day. A tool like DoS has several implications, including the ability to make national comparisons across programs, create aggregate databases, improve program quality and professional development, as well as to link program quality to student‐level outcomes.
Corrosion and wear resistance properties of multilayered diamond‐like carbon nanocomposite coating
Authors: Viswanathan S. , Mohan L. , Bera Parthasarathi , Shanthiswaroop S. , Muniprakash M. , Barshilia Harish C. , Anandan C. 
Published: January 2018

Multilayered diamond‐like carbon (DLC) nanocomposite coating has been deposited on silicon and stainless steel substrates by combination of cathodic arc evaporation and magnetron sputtering. In order to make DLC coating adhered to metal substrate, a chromium interlayer has been deposited with constant bias voltage of −150 V applied to the substrate. Dense multilayered coating consists of metallic or nonmetallic and tetrahedral carbon (ta‐C) layers with total thickness of 1.44 μm. The coating has been studied for composition, morphology, surface nature, nanohardness, corrosion resistance, and tribological properties. The composition of the coating has been estimated by energy‐dispersive spectroscopy. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy have been used to study the surface morphology and topography. ID/IG ratio of ta‐C:N layer obtained from Raman spectroscopy is 1.2, indicating the disorder in the layer. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy studies of individual ta‐C:N, CrN, and Cr‐doped DLC layers confirm the presence of sp2C, sp3C, CrN, Cr2N, and carbidic carbon, and sp2C, sp3C, and Cr carbide. Nanohardness studies show the maximum penetration depth of 70 to 85 nm. Average nanohardness of the multilayered DLC coating is found to be 35 ± 2.8 GPa, and Young's modulus is 270 GPa. The coating demonstrates superior corrosion resistance with better passivation behavior in 3.5% NaCl solution, and corrosion potential is observed to move towards nobler (more positive) values. A low coefficient of friction (0.11) at different loads is observed from reciprocating wear studies. Wear volume is lower at all loads on the multilayered DLC nanocomposite coating compared to the substrate.
P‐GaSe/N‐MoS2 Vertical Heterostructures Synthesized by van der Waals Epitaxy for Photoresponse Modulation
Authors: Zhou Nan , Wang Renyan , Zhou Xing , Song Hongyue , Xiong Xing , Ding Yao , Lü Jingtao , Gan Lin , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe important role of p–n junction in modulation of the optoelectronic properties of semiconductors is widely cognized. In this work, for the first time the synthesis of p‐GaSe/n‐MoS2 heterostructures via van der Waals expitaxial growth is reported, although a considerable lattice mismatching of ≈18% exists. According to the simulation, a significant type II p–n junction barrier located at the interface is expected to be formed, which can modulate optoelectronic properties of MoS2 effectively. It is intriguing to reveal that the presence of GaSe can result in obvious Raman and photoluminescence (PL) shift of MoS2 compared to that of pristine one, more interestingly, for PL peak shift, the effect of GaSe‐induced tensile strain on MoS2 has overcome the p‐doping effect of GaSe, evidencing the strong interlayer coupling between GaSe and MoS2. As a result, the photoresponse rate of heterostructures is improved by almost three orders of magnitude compared with that of pristine MoS2.
Freeze the Moment: High Speed Capturing of Weakly Bonded Dynamic Nanoparticle Assemblies in Solution by Ag Ion Soldering
Authors: Wang Yueliang , Fang Lingling , Chen Gaoli , Song Lei , Deng Zhaoxiang 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDespite the versatile forms of colloidal aggregates, these spontaneously formed structures are often hard to find a suitable application in nanotechnology and materials science. A determinate reason is the lack of a suitable method to capture the transiently formed and quickly evolving colloidal structures in solution. To address this challenge, a simple but highly efficient strategy is herein reported to capture the dynamic and metastable colloidal assemblies formed in an aqueous or nonaqueous solution. This process takes advantage of a recently developed Ag ion soldering reaction to realize a rapid fixation of as‐formed metastable assemblies. This method works efficiently for both solid (3D) nanoparticle aggregates and weakly bonded fractal nanoparticle chains (1D). In both cases, very high capturing speed and close to 100% efficiency are achieved to fully retain a quickly growing structure. The soldered nanochains further enable a fabrication of discrete, uniform, and functionalizable nanoparticle clusters with enriched linear conformation by mechanical shearing, which would otherwise be difficult to make. The captured products are water dispersible and mechanically robust, favoring an exploration of their properties toward possible applications. The work paves a way to previously untouched aspects of colloidal science and thus would create new chances in nanotechnology.
Molybdenum Sulphoselenophosphide Spheroids as an Effective Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction
Authors: Bose Ranjith , Jothi Vasanth Rajendiran , Koh Beomsoo , Jung Chiyoung , Yi Sung Chul 
Published: January 2018

AbstractElectrocatalytic splitting of water is the most convincing and straight forward path to extract hydrogen, but the efficiency of this process relies heavily on the catalyst employed. Here, molybdenum sulphoselenophosphide (MoS45.1Se11.7P6.1) spheroids are reported as an active catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and this is the first attempt to study on ternary anion based molybdenum chalcogenides. As‐prepared MoSxSeyPz catalyst reveals a unique morphology of microspheroids capped by stretched‐out nanoflakes that exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity (   j—10 mA cm−2 @ 93 mV, Tafel slope of 50.1 mV dec−1, TOF—0.40 s−1) fairly closer to the performance of platinum (Pt) and predominant to those of the pre‐existing Mo‐chalcogenides and phosphides. Such an increase in performance stems from the copious amount of active edge sites, the presence of nanoflakes, and high circumferential area exposed by the spheroids. Besides, the electrode with MoS45.1Se11.7P6.1 displays excellent stability in acidic medium over 10 h of continuous operation. This work paves way for improving the catalytic activity of existing Mo‐chalcogenide compounds by doping suitable mixed anions and also reveals the integral role of anions as well as their synergetic effects on the surface physiochemical properties and the HER catalysis.