bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Macrophages: important accessory cells for reproductive function
Authors: Cohen Paula E , Nishimura Kayoko , Zhu Liyin , Pollard Jeffrey W 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Macrophages are found throughout reproductive tissues. To determine their role(s), we have studied mice homozygous for a null mutation (Csfmop) in the gene encoding the major macrophage growth factor, colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1). Both male and female Csfmop/Csfmop mice have fertility defects. Males have low sperm number and libido as a consequence of dramatically reduced circulating testosterone. Females have extended estrous cycles and poor ovulation rates. CSF-1 is the principal growth factor regulating macrophage populations in the testis, male accessory glands, ovary, and uterus. However, analyses of CSF-1 nullizygous mice suggest that the primary reproductive defect is in the development of feedback regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Although not correlating with deficiencies of microglia populations, electrophysiological investigations indicate an impairment of neuronal responses. This suggests that microglia, under the influence of CSF-1, act to organize neuronal connectivity during development and that the absence of this function results in a perturbation of the hypothalamicpituitary-gonadal axis. Macrophages also appear to have functions in the differentiated tissues of the reproductive system, including having a positive influence on steroidogenic cells. These data suggest that macrophages, through their trophic functions, can be considered as essential accessory cells for normal reproductive functioning. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66:765–772; 1999.
Inflammatory agents regulate in vivo expression of fractalkine in endothelial cells of the rat heart
Authors: Harrison Jeffrey K , Jiang Yan , Wees Elizabeth A , Salafranca Mina N , Liang Hui-Xiu , Feng Lili , Belardinelli Luiz 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Fractalkine is distinguished structurally from other chemokines in that it contains a mucinlike stalk that tethers a CX3C chemokine module to a transmembrane-spanning region; its expression in cultured endothelial cells has been shown to be up-regulated by tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1). The purpose of this study was to determine whether fractalkine is expressed, in a proinflammatory agent-regulated manner, by cardiac endothelial cells in vivo. Steady state levels of fractalkine mRNA were increased in rat cardiac tissues after in vivo treatment with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-1, or TNF-α. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis revealed that endothelial cells of the coronary vasculature and endocardium were the principal source of proinflammatory agent-inducible fractalkine, although some fractalkine immunoreactivity was also found on the myocytes. These data are the first demonstration of in vivo cardiac endothelial cell fractalkine expression and regulation by proinflammatory agents such as LPS, IL-1, or TNF-α. Cardiac endothelial cell-expressed fractalkine may contribute to the influx of leukocytes into the heart during inflammation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 66: 937–944; 1999.
Role of endothelins on lymphocyte accumulation in allergic pleurisy
Authors: Sampaio André L F , Rae Giles A , das Graças Maria , Henriques M O 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Endothelins participate in different aspects of inflammatory reactions, including edema formation and eosinophil accumulation in allergic reaction. In this study, we demonstrated a role for endogenous endothelins in eosinophil and T lymphocyte recruitment and cytokine secretion in a murine model of allergic inflammation. Intrathoracic stimulation with endothelin-1 triggered a neutrophil accumulation at 4 h, concomitant with an increase of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte populations. Antigen challenge in sensitized animals leads to an increase in eosinophil and mononuclear cell numbers at 24 h. Treatment with ETA receptor antagonist (BQ123) inhibited antigen-induced eosinophil and mononuclear cell migration, whereas the selective ETB receptor antagonist BQ-788 was ineffective. The latter effect of BQ-123 was due to inhibition of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Treatment with BQ-123 also inhibited interleukin-5 levels in the exudate and plasma as well as intracellular staining of interleukin-4, interleu-kin-5, and interferon-γ in CD4+ lymphocytes. These findings suggest that endogenous endothelins contribute to allergic inflammation by modulating lymphocyte recruitment and cytokine production. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 189–195; 2000.
Activation of macrophages by food antigens: enhancing effect of gluten on nitric oxide and cytokine production
Authors: Tuçková Ludmila , Flegelová Zuzana , Tlaskalová-Hogenová Helena , Zídek Zdenek 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Macrophages play an important role in effector mechanisms of various chronic inflammatory diseases. We studied the effect of gluten, the agent inducing celiac disease, and other food antigens on the activation of macrophages. Nitric oxide (NO) and cytokine production were followed as markers of activation, using cultured murine peritoneal macrophages. None of the food antigens tested caused direct inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activation in macrophages. Unlike other food antigens gluten, gliadin, and their proteolytic fragments significantly enhanced NO production when applied together with interferon-γ (IFN-γ), the most efficient being fragments originating from 25-to 45-min peptic digestion. The activation pathway was mediated via direct stimulation of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) secretion. The NO-enhancing effect was confirmed at the level of iNOS mRNA transcription. In case of sustained local inflammatory reaction connected with increase of IFN-γ, gluten and its proteolytic fragments may thus elevate NO production. Increased NO level could consequently participate in the development of mucosal lesions in the gut of celiac patients. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 312–318; 2000.
A beneficial aspect of a CB1 cannabinoid receptor antagonist: SR141716A is a potent inhibitor of macrophage infection by the intracellular pathogen Brucella suis
Authors: Gross Antoine , Terraza Annie , Marchant Jean , Bouaboula Monsif , Ouahrani-Bettache Safia , Liautard Jean-Pierre , Casellas Pierre , Dornand Jacques 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The psychoactive component of marijuana, δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) suppresses different functions of immunocytes, including the antimicrobicidal activity of macrophages. The triggering of cannabinoid receptors of CB1 and CB2 subtypes present on leukocytes may account for these effects. We investigated the influence of specific CB1 or CB2 receptor antagonists (SR141716A and SR144528, respectively) and nonselective CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptor agonists (CP55,940 or WIN 55212-2) on macrophage infection by Brucella suis, an intracellular gram-negative bacteria. None of the compounds tested affected bacterial phagocytosis. By contrast, the intracellular multiplication of Brucella was dosedependently inhibited in cells treated with 10–500 nM SR141716A and 1 μM SR141716A-induced cells exerted a potent microbicidal effect against the bacteria. SR144528, CP55,940, or WIN 55212-2 did not affect (or slightly potentiated) the growth of phagocytized bacteria. However, CP55,940 or WIN 55212-2 reversed the SR141716A-mediated effect, which strongly suggested an involvement of macrophage CB1 receptors in the phenomenon. SR141716A was able to pre-activate macrophages and to trigger an activation signal that inhibited Brucella development. The participation of endogenous cannabinoid ligand(s) in Brucella infection was discussed. Finally, our data show that SR141716A up-regulates the antimicrobial properties of macrophages in vitro and might be a pharmaceutical compound useful for counteracting the development of intramacrophagic gram-negative bacteria. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 335–344; 2000.
Isolation of MYADM, a novel hematopoietic-associated marker gene expressed in multipotent progenitor cells and up-regulated during myeloid differentiation
Authors: Pettersson Monica , Dannaeus Karin , Nilsson Kenneth , Jönsson Jan-Ingvar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
A large number of hematopoietic cytokines and their receptors as well as transcription factors have been shown to be involved in maturation of blood cells. However, many of the genes important for the differentiation of multipotent stem cells to specific cellular lineages are still unknown. To identify novel genes involved in lineage selection of myeloid cells, we have applied differential display analysis during commitment toward granulocytes and macrophages of an IL-3-dependent multipotent progenitor cell line, FDCP-mix. One regulated cDNA represented a novel gene with restricted expression pattern within the hematopoietic system and was strongly up-regulated when FDCP-mix cells differentiated in GM-CSF, G-CSF, and M-CSF. The expression appears to be differentiation stage-specific in myeloid cells and is absent in B and T lymphocytes. Thus we found expression in normal mouse bone marrow enriched for stem cells and multipotent progenitors (c-kit+Sca-1+Lin− cells). When these cells were induced to differentiate toward myeloid cells, MYADM was up-regulated. In contrast, during conditions known to favor the development of B cell progenitors, the gene was down-regulated. The gene, termed MYADM for myeloid-associated differentiation marker gene, shows 100% identity to expressed sequence tags from early mouse embryonic development as well as from the mouse lung and from activated mouse macrophages. The predicted 32-kDa MYADM protein contains multiple hydrophobic putative transmembrane segments and has several potential consensus sites for phosphorylation. In view of its expression pattern, MYADM could serve as a new marker gene for hematopoietic differentiation. Although the function is unknown, antisense oligonucleotides were able to inhibit colony formation of c-kit+ Lin− bone marrow cells, suggesting an important role for MYADM in myeloid differentiation. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 423–431; 2000.
Shared features of transcription: mutational analysis of the eosinophil/basophil Charcot-Leyden crystal protein gene promoter
Authors: Dyer Kimberly D , Rosenberg Helene F 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The lineage-specific Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) protein is found in human eosinophils and basophils where it comprises 7–10% of the cellular protein content. Previous work from our laboratory has identified the motif GGAGA[A/G] as a powerful enhancer of gene transcription in two eosinophil ribonuclease genes. To evaluate a potentially larger role for this motif in the transcriptional regulation of eosinophil genes, we have isolated 1504 nucleotides 5' to the transcriptional start site of the gene encoding CLC protein and identified a functionally active promoter that includes three distinct copies of the GGAGAA motif. Destruction of only one of the three motifs by site-directed mutagenesis resulted in loss of promoter activity (73 ± 6% reduction), suggesting that this core motif is necessary but not sufficient to support enhanced transcriptional activity. Sequence comparisons and site-specific mutagenesis has permitted further delineation of this enhancer element which, as a result of this work, is now defined as GGAGA[A/G]NNNA. Electromobility shift assays demonstrated specific binding of nuclear protein(s) from an eosinophilic clone-15 nuclear extract to this extended motif. Similar analysis of a GATA-1 binding site demonstrated enhancer activity, with mutagenesis resulting in a 94 ± 1.4% reduction in activity, whereas the AML1 site functioned as a gene silencer. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 691–698; 2000.
Transient infiltration of neutrophils into the thymus in association with apoptosis induced by whole-body X-irradiation
Authors: Uchimura Eiji , Watanabe Naoko , Niwa Otsura , Muto Masahiro , Kobayashi Yoshiro 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Generally, the process of apoptosis does not cause leakage of noxious cytosolic contents and is therefore non-inflammatory. However, as previously shown, macrophages ingesting apoptotic CTLL-2 cells produced pro-inflammatory cytokines, particularly interleukin-8 (IL-8) and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2), a murine IL-8 homolog. This predicted that rapid and massive apoptosis may induce neutrophil accumulation in vivo. In this study, we tested this prediction by inducing apoptosis by whole-body X-irradiation in mice. After exposure to 4 Gy X-ray irradiation, mice exhibited considerable apoptosis of thymic cells, which was associated with transient infiltration of neutrophils as well as MIP-2 mRNA expression. In contrast, in p53-deficient mice in which irradiation-induced apoptosis was suppressed, as has been reported, infiltration of neutrophils into the thymus was less than that found in p53+/+ mice. Taken together, these results suggest that massive and rapid apoptosis can result in infiltration of neutrophils. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 780–784; 2000.
Exoenzyme S from Pseudomonas aeruginosa induces apoptosis in T lymphocytes
Authors: Bruno Tony F , Woods Donald E , Mody Christopher H 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Exoenzyme S from Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a unique T cell mitogen; it is a powerful immunostimulus that activates a large proportion of T cells, but results in delayed and reduced lymphocyte proliferation. This study was performed to explain the discrepancy between early T cell activation and subsequent proliferation. Studies revealed that exoenzyme S induced rapid and unsustained surface expression of CD69, but could not induce interleukin-2 receptor α (IL-2Rα) up-regulation on T cells. IL-2 was undetectable in supernatants and addition of rIL-2 could not reverse the unresponsiveness, indicating that anergy was not involved. Exoenzyme S induced membrane phosphatidylserine translocation, DNA hypodip-loidy, and DNA fragmentation, implicating apoptosis as the mechanism for the unresponsiveness. Exoenzyme S-induced apoptosis shows features of both propriocidal and death by neglect, suggesting shared characteristics of an intermediate pathway. Thus, a Pseudomonas exoproduct induces T cell apoptosis, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of Pseudomonas infections in diseases such as cystic fibrosis. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 808–816; 2000.
Regulation of chemokine-induced transendothelial migration of T lymphocytes by endothelial activation: differential effects on naive and memory T cells
Authors: Ding Ziqiang , Xiong Ke , Issekutz Thomas B 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Human T lymphocyte transendothelial migration (TEM) was examined in response to chemokines across cytokine-activated endothelium. Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), RANTES, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP-1α) induced TEM by memory T cells, while stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) induced TEM by both naive and memory T cells. Tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) increased endothelial adhesion molecule (CAM) expression, whereas interferon-γ (IFN-γ) induced little up-regulation of CAM. However, both TNF-α and IFN-α strongly facilitated T cell migration, which was completely inhibited by pertussis toxin and both greatly increased TEM to RANTES, MIP-1α, and SDF-1 selectively of memory but not naive T cells. Thus, the dual selective effect on memory T cells of endothelial activation and these chemokines promotes the preferential recruitment of memory T cells to inflammatory sites. However, the enhanced chemokine-induced migration by memory T cells across activated endothelium appears to be independent of the increase in endothelial CAM expression. G-protein-linked stimuli may play an important part in T cell TEM across cytokine-activated endothelium. J. Leukoc. Biol. 67: 825–833; 2000.
Identifying and Treating Race‐Based Trauma in Counseling
Authors: Hemmings Carrie , Evans Amanda M. 
Published: January 2018

This study investigated 106 counseling professionals’ experiences with identifying and treating race‐based trauma and the relationship between training and treatment. Competency was assessed with the Race‐Based Trauma Survey for Counselors. Although most participants reported working with clients who had symptoms associated with race‐based trauma, many had not received training in identifying and treating race‐based trauma among individuals of color. This finding highlights the disparities between health care and the provision of related services. Recommendations for counseling professionals and researchers are included.Este estudio investigó las experiencias de 106 profesionales en consejería con la identificación y el tratamiento de traumas basados en la raza, así como la relación entre la capacitación y el tratamiento. La competencia se evaluó usando la Encuesta para Consejeros sobre Traumas Basados en la Raza. A pesar de que la mayoría de participantes informó que había trabajado con clientes que tenían síntomas asociados con traumas basados en la raza, muchos no habían recibido capacitación para identificar y tratar traumas basados en la raza en personas de color. Este hallazgo resalta las disparidades entre la atención sanitaria y la provisión de servicios relacionados. Se incluyen recomendaciones para profesionales en consejería e investigadores.
Privilege and Oppression in Counselor Education: An Intersectionality Framework
Authors: Chan Christian D. , Cor Deanna N. , Band Monica P. 
Published: January 2018

Multiculturalism and social justice are considered major forces in the counseling profession, revolutionizing the complexity of social identity, cultural identity, and diversity. Although these major forces have influenced the profession, many challenges exist with their implementation within counselor education curriculum and pedagogy. A major challenge is the complex dynamics of privilege and oppression that both counselor educators and counseling students face. This article discusses the use of intersectionality to approach counselor education pedagogy and practice.El multiculturalismo y la justicia social están considerados como fuerzas importantes con las que la profesión de la consejería está revolucionando la complejidad de la identidad social, la identidad cultural y la diversidad. Aunque estas fuerzas importantes han influido en la profesión, existen desafíos relacionados con su implementación en los planes curriculares y pedagogía de la educación de consejeros. Un desafío significativo es la compleja dinámica entre privilegio y opresión que enfrentan tanto los formadores de consejeros como los estudiantes de consejería. Este artículo discute el uso de la interseccionalidad para enfocar la pedagogía de la educación de consejeros y la práctica.
Analysis of trace levels of impurities and hydrogen isotopes in helium purge gas using gas chromatography for tritium extraction system of an Indian lead lithium ceramic breeder test blanket module
Authors: Devi V. Gayathri , Sircar Amit , Yadav Deepak , Parmar Jayraj 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn the fusion fuel cycle, the accurate analysis and understanding of the chemical composition of any gas mixture is of great importance for the efficient design of a tritium extraction and purification system or any tritium handling system. Methods like laser Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography with thermal conductivity detector have been considered for hydrogen isotopes analyses in fuel cycles. Gas chromatography with a cryogenic separation column has been used for the analysis of hydrogen isotopes gas mixtures in general due to its high reliability and ease of operation. Hydrogen isotopes gas mixture analysis with cryogenic columns has been reported earlier using different column materials for percentage level composition. In the present work, trace levels of hydrogen isotopes (∼100 ppm of H2 and D2) have been analyzed with a Zeolite 5A and a modified γ‐Al2O3 column. Impurities in He gas (∼10 ppm of H2, O2, and N2) have been analyzed using a Zeolite 13‐X column. Gas chromatography with discharge ionization detection has been utilized for this purpose. The results of these experiments suggest that the columns developed were able to separate ppm levels of the desired components with a small response time (<6 min) and good resolution in both cases.
Ionic liquid chemically bonded basalt fibers for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction
Authors: Feng Juanjuan , Mao Huijun , Wang Xiuqin , Tian Yu , Luo Chuannan , Sun Min 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIonic liquids have been widely used in different fields by advantage of their specific properties. In this work, 1‐methyl‐3‐(3‐trimethoxysilyl propyl)imidazolium chloride was prepared and chemically bonded onto basalt fibers for in‐tube solid‐phase microextraction. Through combining in‐tube extraction device with high‐performance liquid chromatography equipped with a diode array detector, an online enrichment and analysis method for eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was established under the optimum conditions. A good enrichment factor (52–814), good linearity (0.10–15 and 0.20–15 μg/L), low limits of detection (0.03–0.05 μg/L), and low limits of quantitation (0.10–0.20 μg/L) were achieved using a sample volume of 50 mL. Analysis method was applied to the real samples including the groundwater and wastewater from a chemical industry park, some target analytes were detected and the relative recoveries were in the range of 80.4–116.8%.
Optimal feedback strategies for bacterial growth with degradation, recycling, and effect of temperature
Authors: Yegorov Ivan , Mairet Francis , Gouzé Jean‐Luc 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMechanisms of bacterial adaptation to environmental changes are of great interest for both fundamental biology and engineering applications. In this work, we consider a continuous‐time dynamic problem of resource allocation between metabolic and gene expression machineries for a self‐replicating prokaryotic cell population. In compliance with evolutionary principles, the criterion is to maximize the accumulated structural biomass. In the model, we include both the degradation of proteins into amino acids and the recycling of the latter (ie, using as precursors again). On the basis of the analytical investigation of our problem by Pontryagin's maximum principle, we develop a numerical method to approximate the switching curve of the optimal feedback control strategy. The obtained field of extremal state trajectories consists of chattering arcs and 1 steady‐state singular arc. The constructed feedback control law can serve as a benchmark for comparing actual bacterial strategies of resource allocation. We also study the influence of temperature, whose increase intensifies protein degradation. While the growth rate suddenly decreases with the increase in temperature in a certain range, the optimal control synthesis appears to be essentially less sensitive.