bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of Exchange Rate Fluctuations on the Balance of Payment in the Nigerian Economy
Authors: Felix Nwaolisa Echekoba 
Published: December 2017

This study seeks to find out how exchange rates fluctuation impacts on balance of payments (BOP).The secondary data where used specifically from CBN and National Statistics publications from 1990-2013. Average values for import, exports, exchange rate and balance of payment were collected for various years. Data were analyzed using multiple regression unit root test, making use of Augmented Dickey Fuller Test, E-view test statistics making use of variables, critical values and decision in carrying out unit root test. Where the findings showed that foreign exchange rate fluctuation in general affects some of these macro-economic variables. The Researcher concludes that government should harmonize monetary and fiscal policies to boost non-oil exports. A market driven exchange rate will encourage exports and take care of disequilibria in balance of payments.
Youth Unemployment, Violent Extremism and Job Creation For Peace and Prosperity- Silatech as a Case Study
Authors: Abdelkarim Abbas 
Published: December 2017

The first section of this Paper portrays the youth unemployment situation in the Arab region. The scale of youth unemployment in the Arab region, being more than double the average world rate, justifies why Silatech, the case study of the Paper, has decided to start focusing on the region despite being launched by its initiator as an international youth-oriented initiative, a role that still Silatech endeavours to move onto.
The second section exposes violent extremism as a threat to global peace and security. It also shown that youth represent a primary recruitment target of violent extremists. While youth unemployment may be a push factor leading to violent extremism, it has been argued that there are other push and pull factors that need to be understood and considered when developing strategies and interventions to prevent and combat violent extremism.
The third section affirms employment creation as a priority for peace, security and for attaining global sustainable development goals. It discusses and draws lessons from donor youth programming.
The fourth section present the activities and the organisation of operations of Silatech, as an organisation that works in the economic empowerment of youth.
Two points make the conclusion: the employment promotion role of Silatech as peacebuilding; helping in preventing and dealing with the consequences of violent extremism, and how can Silatech avoids two of the negative international experiences in youth development programmes
FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRAINING IN TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING DEGREES IN SPAIN: A STUDY OF TEXTUAL FACTORS
Authors: Cruz García Laura 
Published: December 2017

Foreign language teaching and learning has received a considerable amount of scholarly attention across different stages of education, particularly in the case of English. Apart from language training in general contexts, language for special purposes also constitutes a prolific field of study. However, less research has been conducted on the foreign-language training needs of trainee translators and interpreters and the corresponding teaching methodologies. In order to gain insight into actual teaching practices in this area in Spanish universities, we have studied the methodological approaches used in the classroom by 58 foreign language lecturers at 13 Translation and Interpreting Faculties in Spain, through a research project of Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (Spain). Information was compiled from the responses to an ad hoc questionnaire created for this purpose, sent out by email and filled out on a voluntary basis. This article describes the uses made of texts in foreign language classes, to which end we will focus on the responses to one of the questions posed in the questionnaire. One of the key findings of the study is the preponderance of lexical, semantic, morphological and syntactic features, potentially implying teaching methodologies akin to those used in other education settings.
Calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal en escolares de Sayausí, Cuenca Ecuador
Authors: Reinoso-Vintimilla Napoleón , Del Castillo-López Cesar 
Published: December 2017

Objetivos: El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal en los niños de 11 a 12 años de las escuelas de la parroquia de Sayausí Cuenca Ecuador. Material y métodos: Fue un estudio analítico de corte transversal se evaluaron 359 escolares entre 11 y 12 años de edad, que fue toda la población que cumplió con los criterios de selección, se evaluó la calidad de vida relacionada a la salud bucal CVRSB, mediante la encuesta CHILD- OIDP versión validada en Perú. Los pacientes evaluados dieron su asentimiento y sus padres firmaron el consentimiento informado, de acuerdo a las exigencias del comité institucional de ética de la Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Resultados: Se encontró que el 98,9% de escolares tenían algún nivel de impacto en su calidad de vida. Las tres condiciones orales auto percibidas como problema que tuvieron mayor frecuencia fueron la caries dental, dientes con sensibilidad y dientes con dolor, siendo 72%; 50% y 50% respectivamente.
Prediction of Drug-Plasma Protein Binding Using Artificial Intelligence Based Algorithms
Authors: Kumar Rajnish , Sharma Anju , Siddiqui Mohammed Haris , Tiwari Rajesh Kumar 
Published: December 2017

Aim and Objective:
Plasma protein binding (PPB) has vital importance in the
characterization of drug distribution in the systemic circulation. Unfavorable PPB can pose a
negative effect on clinical development of promising drug candidates. The drug distribution
properties should be considered at the initial phases of the drug design and development. Therefore,
PPB prediction models are receiving an increased attention.

Materials and Methods:
In the current study, we present a systematic approach using Support vector
machine, Artificial neural network, k- nearest neighbor, Probabilistic neural network, Partial least
square and Linear discriminant analysis to relate various in vitro and in silico molecular descriptors to a
diverse dataset of 736 drugs/drug-like compounds.

Results:
The overall accuracy of Support vector machine with Radial basis function kernel came out to
be comparatively better than the rest of the applied algorithms. The training set accuracy, validation set
accuracy, precision, sensitivity, specificity and F1 score for the Suprort vector machine was found to be
89.73%, 89.97%, 92.56%, 87.26%, 91.97% and 0.898, respectively.

Conclusion:
This model can potentially be useful in screening of relevant drug candidates at the
preliminary stages of drug design and development.
Three Dimensional Analysis of SPECT Images for Diagnosing Early Parkinson’s Disease using Radial Basis Function Kernel − Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Anita Sebasthiyar , Priya Panchnathan Aruna 
Published: December 2017

Background:
Parkinson’s Disease (PD) is caused by the deficiency of dopamine, the
neurotransmitter that has an effect on specific uptake region of the substantia nigra. Identification
of PD is quite tough at an early stage.

Objective:
The present work proposes an expert system for three dimensional Single-Photon Emission
Computed Tomography (SPECT) image to diagnose the early PD.

Methods:
The transaxial image slices are selected on the basis of their high specific uptake region.
The processing techniques like preprocessing, segmentation and feature extraction are implemented
to extract the quantification parameters like Intensity, correlation, entropy, skewness and kurtosis
of the images. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Extreme Learning Machine (ELM)
classifiers using Radial Basis Function kernel (RBF) are implemented and their results are compared
in order to achieve better performance of the system. The performance of the system is evaluated
in terms of sensitivity, specificity analysis, accuracy, Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) and
Area Under the Curve (AUC).

Results:
It is found that RBF-ELM provides high accuracy of 98.2% in diagnosing early PD. In
addition, the similarity among the features is found out using K-means clustering algorithm to
compute the threshold level for early PD. The computed threshold level is validated using Analysis
of Variance (ANOVA).

Conclusion:
The proposed system has a great potential to assist the clinicians in the early diagnosis
process of PD.
Synthesis, Spectral Characterization, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity of some Titanium Complexes
Authors: Kaushal Raj , Kumar Nitesh , Thakur Archana , Nehra Kiran , Awasthi Pamita , Kaushal Rajeev , Arora Saroj 
Published: December 2017

Abstract: Background: After the discovery of cisplatin, first non platinum anticancer drugs having
excellent efficacy were budotitane and TiCl2(cp)2 but action mechanism is not clear. Therefore, we hereby reporting
synthesis and biological activities novel titanium complexes to explore their mode of action.

Objectives:
Synthesis, spectral characterization, antibacterial and anticancer activity of some titanium complexes.
Antibacterial studies on various bacterial strains and anticancer studies on HeLa, C6, CHO cancerous
cell lines have been performed. Further, the cell death mechanistic study was done on CHO cell lines.

Method:
Titanium complexes with and without labile groups have been synthesized by reacting of TiCl4 with
nitrogen containing ligands viz. 1,2-diaminocyclohexane, 1,10-Phenanthroline, adamantylamine, 2,2'-bipyridine,
4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine in predetermined molar ratios. Antibacterial and anticancer studies were performed
by agar well diffusion method and MTT assay respectively. Cell cycle analysis is done by using flow cytometry.

Results:
Complex 2 i.e TiCl2(Phen)2 showed better activity than other complexes as an antibacterial as well as
anticancer agent. Phase contrast imaging indicates that observed morphological changes of cells was dose dependent.
Cell death mechanistic study have shown the increase in sub G0 phase population as well as formation
of blebbing and fragmentation of chromatin material which is an indicative measure of apoptosis.

Conclusion:
Complex 2 proved to be more effective bactericide and cytotoxic agent. Cell cycle analysis showed
cell arrest in G0 phase. Apoptosis percentage was found to increase in a dose dependent manner. So, prepared
titanium complexes can be put to use as an important chemotherapeutic agents.
Clinical Factors Affecting the Goal Blood Pressure in Hypertensive Patients of a Rural Polyclinic in Russia
Authors: Posnenkova Olga M. , Gerasimov Stanislav N. , Popova Yulia V. , Popov Ivan A. , Shemetova Galina N. , Gridnev Vladimir I. , Kiselev Anton R. 
Published: December 2017

Background:Primary care units in rural areas of the Russian Federation experience difficulties in long-term follow-up of chronic cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension. Identification of outpatient clinical traits affecting the goal blood pressure (BP) may optimize the choice of treatment pathways.Objective:To identify the patient-related factors affecting the achievement of the goal BP in the course of hypertension treatment at a rural polyclinic.Methods:We analyzed the data on 182 patients with essential hypertension (64.6 ± 11.3 yo; 48.5% men), who were treated in polyclinic settings of a rural settlement in the Saratov Region of the Russian Federation. Outpatient medical records were used as a source of clinical data. Repeat patients with hypertension diagnosis specified in their medical records, visiting a therapeutist or cardiologist on two randomly selected workdays, were enrolled in our study. The first appointment took place during 1-31 July, 2015 (n = 88), while the second visit occurred on 1- 31 July, 2016 (n = 94). Eleven district therapeutists, two general practitioners and the only cardiologist of the polyclinic participated in the study. Discriminant function analysis was used to identify factors affecting the achievement of the goal blood pressure in the patients. Basic demographic and anamnesis data, risk factors, medical treatment type and lifestyle modification measures, if any, which exhibited statistical significance in univariate analysis (p<0.05), were selected for multi-factor discriminant analysis.Results:The goal BP was achieved in 93 patients (51%). The patients with the goal BP differed from those with uncontrolled hypertension in various ways. They were less often women (53.8% vs. 69.7%, p = 0.028), more frequently had prior myocardial infarction (22.6% vs. 10.1%, p = 0.024), more rarely suffered from other forms of stable CAD (55.9% vs. 73%, p = 0.016), as well as took fewer thiazide-like diuretics (9.7% vs 21.3%, p = 0.03). It is worth noting that fewer antihypertensive medications were prescribed to the patients with the goal BP as opposed to those with poor BP control (1.63 ± 0.12 vs. 1.98 ± 0.11, p = 0.018).Resulting discriminant model exhibited high predictive power. The ratio of odds for the model was 5.4 (95% CI: 2.7-10.7), р<0.001. The single factor correlating significantly with the achievement of the goal BP was preceding myocardial infarction (OR 2.6, 95% CI: 1.1 - 6.6, р=0.032), while prescription of two or more antihypertension drugs was associated with poor BP control (OR 0.4, 95% CI: 0.2 - 0.7, р=0.003).Conclusion:In the hypertensive patients with a history of myocardial infarction versus those without it, treated at a rural polyclinic, BP was more likely to be controlled. Administration of multiple antihypertensive drugs was associated with poor BP control.
PATIWANGI SANCTION IN BALINESE HINDU COMMUNITY’S LEGAL CULTURE
Authors: Sadnyini Ida Ayu 
Published: December 2017

AbstractInter-dynastic marriage today has been commonly held by Hindu community that has a vertically closed social stratification called dynasty. Couples who wants to perform inter-dynastic marriages before 1951 are required to conduct patiwangi ceremony in addition to the discharge penalty into areas outside Bali (Selong). Sanctions of patiwangi ceremony have been removed by some rules, but the community still conducts it. From this background, problems arise as follows: What is the meaning of patiwangi ceremony? Why are people still perform the patiwangi ceremony sanction?. The method used is the type of empirical legal research, using qualitative descriptive analysis. The meaning of patiwangi sanctions is to lower dignity and honor of a caste woman. People still perform the patiwangi because patiwangi is a legal culture that has penetrated into the soul of Hindu community in Bali.IntisariMakna sanksi upacara patiwangi adalah menurunkan derajat, kehormatan, keharuman wangsa dari perempuan yang memiliki wangsa brahmana, ksatria, dan weisya. Upacara patiwangi mengandung pelecehan baik dari segi sebutan istilah maupun pelaksaan upacara patiwangi. Oleh karena itu sudahsepantasnya upacara patiwangi dihapus, karena tidak sesuai dengan nilai-nilai kesetaraan, nilai-nilai kemanusiaan, nilai-nilai keadilan, dan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian upacara patiwangi masih tetap dilakukan oleh masyarakat Hindu karena merasa yakin sanksi upacara patiwangi akan membawa keseimbangan dan kebaikan bagi pelaku perkawinan antar-wangsa. Upacara patiwangi sudah menjadi budaya hukum hukum bagi sebagian masyarakat Hindu di Bali.
LEGAL ASPECTS IN MANAGEMENT OF HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTE
Authors: Santosa Wahyu Yun 
Published: December 2017

AbstractHazardous and Toxic Waste (B3 in Indonesian abbreviation) have specific types and characteristics which could harm the environment itself and/or human health and other living being if thrown away to the environmental medium without proper treatment. On this basis, integrated hazardous waste treatment is needed to be regulated in a regulatory framework. Indonesian environmental law regime under Law no 32/2009 (EPMA) has given an integrated regulatory framework which intertwined every knot of hazardous and toxic waste treatment, including: containment, collecting, transporting, treatment, reuse, and dumping by Government Regulation No 101 year 2014. This article briefly explains the hazardous and toxic waste integrated treatment in Indonesia, both from the regulatory framework perspective and from environmental law aspect analysis.IntisariLimbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun atau limbah B3 memiliki sifat dan karakteristik tersendiri yang dapat menimbulkan bahaya terhadap lingkungan hidup itu sendiri maupun kesehatan manusia serta makhluk hidup lainnya apabila dibuang langsung ke dalam media lingkungan hidup. Atas pertimbangan itulah, pengelolaan limbah B3 menjadi suatu kewajiban untuk diatur di dalam kerangka perundang-undangan. Rejim hukum lingkungan berdasarkan UU 32/2009 (UUPPLH) memberikan pengaturan secara terpadu yang menghubungkan keterkaitan setiap simpul Pengelolaan Limbah B3 yaitu kegiatan penyimpanan, pengumpulan, pengangkutan, pengolahan, pemanfaatan, dan penimbunan limbah B3 melalui PP Nomor 101 Tahun 2014. Artikel ini memaparkan secara ringkas konsep pengelolaan limbah B3 baik dalam kerangka pengaturan yang ada serta dengan analisis dari aspek hukum lingkungan yang terkait di dalam pengelolaan limbah B3 secara terpadu.
THE LEGAL STUDIES OF TRUCKING AND WAREHOUSING IN SUPPORTING THE SMOOTHNESS OF OUTFLOW AND INCOMING GOODS AT THE PORT
Authors: S Sulistiowati , Rusdiana Saida 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThis legal study discusses the provision of trucking and warehousing of goods services and services at the port. This study is intended to address issues related research problems and directions arrangements in the provision of trucking and warehousing of goods services and services at the port. This study uses empirical juridical approach of practices in the truck transportation of goods and warehousing services in the port, while the results of the study are presented in the form of descriptive analysis. The study results conclusion that it is necessary for institutional capacity of port authorities as the organizer of the cultivated commercially port so as to perform the function of government in the harbor. Port Authority set the capacity of the service, organizing auctions and provision of related services to cooperate with trucking and warehousing services provider in the harbor. IntisariKajian hukum ini membahas mengenai penyediaan jasa truk angkutan barang dan jasa pergudangan di pelabuhan. Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk menjawab permasalahan penelitian terkait permasalahan dan arah pengaturan dalam penyediaan jasa truk angkutan barang dan jasa pergudangan di pelabuhan. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis empirik dari praktek penyediaan jasa truk angkutan barang dan jasa pergudangan di pelabuhan, sedangkan hasil penelitian disajikan dalam bentuk deskriptif analitis. Hasil kajian diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa diperlukan peningkatan kapasitas kelembagaan otoritas pelabuhan sebagai penyelenggara pelabuhan yang diusahakan secara komersial sehingga mampu menjalankan fungsi pemerintahan di pelabuhan. Otoritas Pelabuhan menetapkan kapasitas layanan, menyelenggarakan lelang penyediaan jasa terkait dan melakukan kerjasama penyedia jasa trucking dan warehousing di pelabuhan.
KEDUDUKAN HUBUNGAN KERJA; BERDASARKAN SUDUT PANDANG ILMU KAIDAH HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN DAN SIFAT HUKUM PUBLIK DAN PRIVAT
Authors: Darma Susilo Andi 
Published: December 2017

AbstractEmployment law is a public law caused by sosialisering process. However, in the arrangement of employment relations can still be found the existence of provisions that are private in nature. This research aims to assess the standing of employment relations standpoint rule employment law studies and the standing of employment relations based on the nature of public and private law. Based on research, the position of employment relations based on rule employment law studies can be a heteronomous law and autonomous law or simultaneously in the form of heteronomous and autonomous law. While the position of employment relations based on the nature of the law can be public and private or at the same time is public and private. IntisariHukum Ketenagakerjaan merupakan hukum publik yang disebabkan oleh sosialisering proses. Akan tetapi dalam pengaturan hubungan kerja masih dapat ditemukan adanya ketentuan-ketentuan yang sifatnya privat. Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kedudukan hubungan kerja berdasarkan sudut pandang Ilmu Kaidah Hukum Ketenagakerjaan dan kedudukan hubungan kerja berdasarkan sifat hukum publik dan privat. Berdasarkan hasil kajian, kedudukan hubungan kerja berdasarkan ilmu kaidah hukum ketenagakerjaan dapat berupa kaidah hukum heteronom dan kaidah hukum otonom atau secara bersamaan berupa kaidah hukum heteronom dan otonom. Sedangkan kedudukan hubungan kerja berdasarkan sifat hukumnya dapat bersifat publik dan bersifat privat atau secara bersamaan bersifat publik dan privat.
Legados africanos: palavra enunciadora de simbolismos étnicos
Authors: De Santana Marise 
Published: December 2017

As diferentes etnias produzem formas simbólicas, uma destas formas é através das imagens que a palavra enuncia, sendo assim, podemos afirmar que ao entrar em campo para estudar sobre etnicidades, o que os pesquisadores/as autores/as fazem é buscar entender quais formas simbólicas permeiam os universos estudados. Para pensar acerca desses universos é que tomo simbolismos étnicos enunciados pelas imagens que a palavra Legados Africanos carrega. A amplitude do trato com a categoria analítica legado africano pode se mostrar nas diversas obras de diferentes autores e autoras, estudiosos das etnias africanas no Brasil, seja nas dimensões da cultura, da religião, das questões raciais negras, da linguística e outras. Mas aqui, o propósito é tomar as produções monográficas escritas por alunas e alunos, os quais orientei no curso de Pós-Graduação Lato Sensu em Antropologia com Ênfase em Culturas Afro-brasileiras para entender esses universos simbólicos. Neste sentido que, durante as orientações estava a lhes alertar que um curso de Antropologia com Ênfase em Culturas Afro-brasileiras, não poderia desprezar a categoria central de análise e interpretação que é legado africano no Brasil, salvo se, e somente se, a metodologia tratasse do objeto numa abordagem reducionista que excluísse, negasse e silenciasse as reminiscências africanas. As produções elaboradas por esses discentes nos indicou que os simbolismos presentes na palavra legados africanos enunciam que não são vistos como saberes de pertencimento étnico e sim como crenças.
Facebook e afroreligiosidade: o orunkò e os ‘nós’ no intercruzamento das redes que nos formam
Authors: Borges Luzineide Miranda 
Published: December 2017

As reflexões apresentadas neste artigo foram produzidas a partir das etnocompreensões dos candomblecistas sobre o que pensam sobre identidades, pertencimentos e memória na cibercultura dialogando com o Orunkò e as identidades que formam o povo nagô no Facebook. O digital em rede é utilizado para manter os laços familiares como estratégia de conexão e reconfiguração do estar longe, mas não estar sozinho, porque nós estamos com vocês. Esse é o sentimento produzido pelos pertencentes do candomblé que utilizam o Facebook e o Whatsapp dentrofora do terreiro. As relações são ressignificadas, utilizando os dispositivos móveis como celulares e tablets com acesso à internet, na convergência das culturas e na reinvenção da tradição das religiões Afrobrasileiras. A partir de uma perspectiva teórica engajada e crítica com a posição de etnopesquisadora que vive a pesquisa e luta por uma epistemologia do pertencimento, trago as minhas etnocompreensões do que compreendi das lutas que constituem o povo preto de axé nas redes educativas: Facebook e terreiros, a partir da etnopesquisa e etnografia virtual realizada em suas páginas no Facebook, e análise das narrativas digitais: comentários, imagens, vídeos e fotografias, apresentando questões como religiosidade afrobrasileira, afetividade e epistemologia do pertencimento.