bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conservación de orquídeas en una reserva privada de Palmares, Costa Rica
Authors: Rojas Álvarez Maricela , Morales Carlos O. , Blanco Mario A. 
Published: March 2017

La Reserva Madre Verde (RMV), ubicada en Palmares, Alajuela, Costa Rica, protege un reducto boscoso rodeado de pastizales, matorrales y terrenos de cultivo abandonados. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la diversidad de especies de orquídeas en la RMV mediante un inventario; además, analizamos la distribución y los factores que afectan la conservación de las especies identificadas, se prepararon especímenes (secos o en líquido) de las especies florecidas para herbario y se tomaron fotos de todas las especies; en total 109 en 46 géneros. Los géneros con mayor número de especies sonEpidendrum y Maxillaria s.l. (ambos con 12 spp.). El La mayoría de especies son epífitas y ocho son endémicas en Costa Rica. Los meses con mayor floración fueron febrero, abril, mayo, agosto y noviembre. Se compararon datos de distribución geográfica y altitudinal de dos bases de datos (CRBio e IABIN) y del Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica con datos de este estudio; esto permitió ampliar el conocimiento sobre algunas especies: 14 especies se encontraron a mayores elevaciones; otras cinco especies se hallaron a menores elevaciones que las registradas en herbarios y bases de datos. Nueve especies no se habían recolectado anteriormente en toda la provincia de Alajuela. El aporte más significativo del estudio es el hallazgo de Lepanthes guardiana y L. minutissima, que fueron ilustradas y recolectadas ca. 1867, no existían hasta ahora datos ecológicos ni localidades precisas de recolecta, la única ilustración de la primera y los únicos especímenes conocidos de la segunda se hallaban en el Herbario W (Viena, Austria). Se recomienda continuar la investigación en áreas de la reserva no cubiertas por este estudio y seguir observando las especies que, según la literatura, no se esperaban en esta zona. Construir un vivero, cultivar especies de orquídeas amenazadas de extinción para la venta a visitantes y pobladores cercanos, informar a las comunidades aledañas sobre diversidad de orquídeas e importancia de la protección de flora y fauna locales, son actividades recomendadas para mantener los paisajes y las especies en la zona de estudio.
STAKE EVALUATION MODEL (COUNTENANCE MODEL) IN LEARNING PROCESS BAHASA INDONESIA AT GANESHA UNIVERSITY OF EDUCATIONAL
Authors: Dewantara I Putu Mas 
Published: March 2017

The evaluation study aimed to describe the implementation of Bahasa Indonesia as character development subject (Matakuliah Pengembangan Kepribadian/MPK) seen from (1) the learning plan, (2) the implementation of learning, and (3) evaluation of learning. Evaluation model used was a stake evaluation model (Countenance Model). Data were analyzed by descriptive-quantitative. The data were collected by using questionnaire, interview, and documentation. Categorization percentage is divided into five criteria, namely excellent (> 80%), good (60%-80%), fairly good (40%-60%), poor (20%-40%), and very poorly (<20%). The research was conducted in the first semester of the academic year 2015/2016 with the sample of 315 students. The results showed that in general the Bahasa Indonesia as character development subject was categorised as good with the percentage of 71.02%, in detail, the result can be described as follows: (1) the learning plan is categorized as good with the percentage of 72.62%, (2) the implementation of learning is categorized as good with the persentage of 69.85%, and (3) evaluation of learning activities is categorized as good with the persentage of 70.59%. The implications of this research for lecturers is a need for efforts to sustain the implementation of learning that has been good even working on improving and working to improve elements of learning activities that have not been considered good. The results of the study suggest that regular evaluation needs to be done to get a better picture of evaluation with a larger number of sample. Another suggestion that can be proposed is the evaluation of learning by using a variety of evaluation model to get a better result of the learning Bahasa Indonesia.
THE PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF SASAK DIALECT SPOKEN IN MATARAM; A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY
Authors: Yuwanda Yati 
Published: March 2017

The research aimed to describe vowels and consonants in Sasak dialect. This research is descriptive qualitative research. The object of this research is the phological system of Sasak dialect about vowel and consonant while the object of this research is people in Mataram city especially in rembige village, Nusa Tenggara Barat. The subject took from the observation technique. They are selected from the characteristics of fluent Sasak dialect. The data collected from three different domains. The domain are family domain, friendship domain and neighborhood domain. The theory to analyze the data was from Miler and Huberman (1984). Instrument collected from observation and recording technique, the result of this research shows that the type of vowels in Sasak dialect are /ʌ/, /ɪ/, /u/, /e/, /o/ and /ə/. The vowel / i / had two allophones namely [ ɪ ] and [ i ]. the vowel / e / had two allophones namely [e] and [ə], the vowel /o/ had one allophone namely [o] and the vowel / u / also had one allophones [ u ]. There were 18 consonants found in Sasak Dialect, those were: /b/, /c/, /d/, /g/, /h/, /j/, /k/, /l/, /m/, /n/, /p/, /q/, /r/, /s/, /t/, /w/, /y/, /ŋ/, and /ñ/.
Angular Momentum in Disk Wind Revealed in the Young Star MWC 349A
Authors: Zhang Qizhou , Claus Brian , Watson Linda , Moran James 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Disk winds are thought to play a critical role in star birth. As winds extract excess angular momentum from accretion disks, matter in the disk can be transported inward to the star to fuel mass growth. However, observational evidence of wind carrying angular momentum has been very limited. We present Submillimeter Array (SMA) observations of the young star MWC 349A in the H26α and H30α recombination lines. The high signal-to-noise ratios made possible by the maser emission process allow us to constrain the relative astrometry of the maser spots to milli-arcsecond precision. Previous observations of the H30α line with the SMA and the Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI) showed that masers are distributed in the disk and wind. Our new high-resolution observations of the H26α line reveal differences in spatial distribution from that of the H30α line. H26α line masers in the disk are excited in a thin annulus with a radius of about 25 au, while the H30α line masers are formed in a slightly larger annulus with a radius of 30 au. This is consistent with expectations for maser excitation in the presence of an electron density variation of approximately R
−4. In addition, the H30α and H26α line masers arise from different parts in the wind. This difference is also expected from maser theory. The wind component of both masers exhibits line-of-sight velocities that closely follow a Keplerian law. This result provides strong evidence that the disk wind extracts significant angular momentum, thereby facilitating mass accretion in the young star.
Determination of the Alfvén Speed and Plasma-beta Using the Seismology of Sunspot Umbra
Authors: Cho I.-H. , Cho K.-S. , Bong S.-C. , Moon Y.-J. , Nakariakov V. M. , Park J. , Baek J.-H. , Choi S. , Kim Y.-H. , Lee J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
For 478 centrally located sunspots observed in the optical continuum with Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic Magnetic Imager, we perform seismological diagnostics of the physical parameters of umbral photospheres. The new technique is based on the theory of slow magnetoacoustic waves in a non-isothermally stratified photosphere with a uniform vertical magnetic field. We construct a map of the weighted frequency of three-minute oscillations inside the umbra and use it for the estimation of the Alfvén speed, plasma-beta, and mass density within the umbra. We find the umbral mean Alfvén speed ranges between 10.5 and 7.5 km s−1 and is negatively correlated with magnetic field strength. The umbral mean plasma-beta is found to range approximately between 0.65 and 1.15 and does not vary significantly from pores to mature sunspots. The mean density ranges between (1–6) × 10−4 kg m−3 and shows a strong positive correlation with magnetic field strength.
Time-resolved Polarimetry of the Superluminous SN 2015bn with the Nordic Optical Telescope
Authors: Leloudas Giorgos , Maund Justyn R. , Gal-Yam Avishay , Pursimo Tapio , Hsiao Eric , Malesani Daniele , Patat Ferdinando , de Ugarte Postigo Antonio , Sollerman Jesper , Stritzinger Maximilian D. , Wheeler J. Craig 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We present imaging polarimetry of the superluminous supernova SN 2015bn, obtained over nine epochs between −20 and +46 days with the Nordic Optical Telescope. This was a nearby, slowly evolving Type I superluminous supernova that has been studied extensively and for which two epochs of spectropolarimetry are also available. Based on field stars, we determine the interstellar polarization in the Galaxy to be negligible. The polarization of SN 2015bn shows a statistically significant increase during the last epochs, confirming previous findings. Our well-sampled imaging polarimetry series allows us to determine that this increase (from ∼0.54% to ≳1.10%) coincides in time with rapid changes that took place in the optical spectrum. We conclude that the supernova underwent a “phase transition” at around +20 days, when the photospheric emission shifted from an outer layer, dominated by natal C and O, to a more aspherical inner core, dominated by freshly nucleosynthesized material. This two-layered model might account for the characteristic appearance and properties of Type I superluminous supernovae.
A Low Abundance of 135Cs in the Early Solar System from Barium Isotopic Signatures of Volatile-depleted Meteorites
Authors: Brennecka Gregory A. , Kleine Thorsten 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Precise knowledge of the abundances of short-lived radionuclides at the start of the solar system leads to fundamental information about the stellar environment of solar system formation. Previous investigations of the short-lived

system (t
1/2 = 2.3 Ma) have resulted in a range of calculated initial amounts of 135Cs, with most estimates elevated to a level that requires extraneous input of material to the protoplanetary disk. Such an array of proposed 135Cs/133Cs initial solar system values has severely restricted the system’s use as both a possible chronometer and as an informant about supernovae input. However, if 135Cs was as abundant in the early solar system as previously proposed, the resulting deficits in its daughter product 135Ba would be easily detectable in volatile-depleted parent bodies (i.e., having sub-chondritic Cs/Ba) from the very early solar system. In this work, we show that angrites and eucrites, which were volatile-depleted within ∼1 million years of the start of the solar system, do not possess deficits in 135Ba compared to other planetary bodies. From this, we calculate an upper limit for the initial 135Cs/133Cs of 2.8 × 10−6, well below previous estimates. This significantly lower initial 135Cs/133Cs ratio now suggests that all of the 135Cs present in the early solar system was inherited simply from galactic chemical evolution and no longer requires an addition from an external stellar source such as an asymptotic giant branch star or SN II, corroborating evidence from several other short-lived radionuclides.
Simulating the Smallest Ring World of Chariklo
Authors: Michikoshi Shugo , Kokubo Eiichiro 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
A ring system consisting of two dense narrow rings has been discovered around Centaur Chariklo. The existence of these rings around a small object poses various questions about their origin, stability, and lifetime. In order to understand the nature of Chariklo’s rings, we perform global N-body simulations of the self-gravitating collisional particle rings for the first time. We find that Chariklo should be denser than the ring material in order to avoid the rapid diffusion of the rings. If Chariklo is denser than the ring material, fine spiral structures called self-gravity wakes occur in the inner ring. These wakes accelerate the viscous spreading of the ring significantly and typically occur on timescales of about

for m-sized ring particles, which is considerably shorter than the timescales suggested in previous studies. The existence of these narrow rings implies smaller ring particles or the existence of shepherding satellites.
Are Ultrasound Findings Similar in Patients with Axial Spondyloarthritis and in Athlete Entheses?
Authors: Lanfranchi Marie-Alix , Leluc Olivier , Tavano Alice , Wormser Cécile , Morange Sophie , Chagnaud Christophe , Pradel Vincent , Lafforgue Pierre , Pham Thao 
Published: March 2017

Objective.Enthesitis is the spondyloarthritis (SpA) landmark, but can also be seen after entheses overuse, such as during intensive sport.Methods.We aimed to compare entheses ultrasound (US) findings in a prospective cross-sectional study of 30 axial SpA cases, 30 athletes, and 29 controls.Results.Mean (SD) MAdrid Sonographic Enthesis Index (MASEI) score was 26.3 (13), 12.2 (7), and 10.4 (6) in patients with SpA, athletes, and non-athlete control groups, respectively (p < 0.0001).Conclusion.The MASEI score was significantly higher in patients with SpA compared with healthy controls, athletes, and non-athletes, and can be of value to distinguish SpA from healthy subjects, whatever their physical activity.
Primary Prevention of Myocardial Infarction in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Aspirin: A Case-crossover Study and a Propensity Score–matched Cohort Study
Authors: Durán Josefina , Peloquin Christine , Zhang Yuqing , Felson David T. 
Published: March 2017

Objective.Subjects with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease, which is their leading cause of death. Conflicting evidence exists regarding the efficacy of aspirin (ASA) as primary prevention. We evaluated whether a protective association exists between ASA and myocardial infarction (MI) in RA subjects.Methods.In the United Kingdom, persons age ≥ 60 years receive free ASA by prescription and 75% of use is by prescription. Subjects ≥ 60 years with RA in the population-based The Health Improvement Network database constituted our study population. We excluded patients with history of MI, angina, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, or coronary artery procedures. Our main outcome was the occurrence of fatal and nonfatal MI. We performed a case-crossover study with each subject contributing a hazard period and a control period 90 days prior to the MI. In addition, to minimize confounding by indication, a propensity score (PS)–matched cohort study was performed, considering all patients with RA with an incident prescription of low-dose ASA as our exposed group.Results.We did not find a protective effect in the case-crossover study (OR 1.83, 95% CI 0.71–4.71), with 55 subjects exposed in the hazard period and 44 in the control period. Similarly, among 1836 subjects included in the PS-matched cohort study (918 ASA users and 918 ASA non-users), we did not find a protective effect of low ASA on MI (HR 1.39, 95% CI 0.87–2.23).Conclusion.We did not find a protective effect of ASA on MI in patients with RA when used as primary prophylaxis.
Development and Reliability of the OMERACT Thumb Base Osteoarthritis Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scoring System
Authors: Kroon Féline P.B. , Conaghan Philip G. , Foltz Violaine , Gandjbakhch Frédérique , Peterfy Charles , Eshed Iris , Genant Harry K. , Østergaard Mikkel , Kloppenburg Margreet , Haugen Ida K. 
Published: March 2017

Objective.To develop the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) thumb base osteoarthritis (OA) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scoring system (TOMS) for the assessment of inflammatory and structural abnormalities in this hand OA subset, and test its cross-sectional reliability.Methods.Included features and their scaling were agreed upon by members of the OMERACT MRI Task Force using the Hand OA MRI scoring system as a template. A reliability exercise was performed in which 3 readers participated, using a preliminary atlas with examples to facilitate reading. Each reader independently scored a set of 20 MRI (coronal and axial T1- and T2-weighted fat-suppressed images, of which 5 included T1-weighted fat-suppressed post-Gadolinium images). Intra- and inter-reader reliability were assessed using ICC, percentage exact agreement (PEA), and percentage close agreement (PCA).Results.The TOMS assessed the first carpometacarpal (CMC-1) and scaphotrapeziotrapezoid (STT) joints for synovitis, subchondral bone defects (including erosions, cysts, and bone attrition), osteophytes, cartilage, and bone marrow lesions on a 0–3 scale (normal to severe). Subluxation was evaluated only in the CMC-1 joint (absent/present). Reliability of scoring for both joints was comparable. Interreader ICC were good for all features (0.77–0.99 and 0.74–0.96 for CMC-1 and STT joints, respectively). Intrareader reliability analyses gave similar results. PCA was ≥ 65% for all features. PEA was low to moderate, with better performance for subchondral bone defects, subluxation, and bone marrow lesions.Conclusion.A thumb base OA MRI scoring system has been developed. The OMERACT TOMS demonstrated good intrareader and interreader reliability. Longitudinal studies are warranted to investigate reliability of change scores and responsiveness.
Analyse médico-économique des patients hospitalisés pour abus et dépendance à l’alcool
Authors: Delo Caroline , Leclercq Pol , Senterre Christelle , Martins Dimitri , Pirson Magali 
Published: March 2017

Introduction : En 2013, l’institut scientifique de santé publique publiait que, plus de 14% de belges consomment de l’alcool tous les jours. Cette consommation excessive représente un coût pour la société s’élevant en 2013 à 4,2 milliards d’euros. Les objectifs de cette étude sont (1) d’analyser le coût et la durée de séjour des séjours hospitalisés pour Abus et dépendance d’alcool (APR-DRG 775), (2) d’analyser l’homogénéité du coût et de la durée de séjour (DS) au sein de ce DRG ; (3) d’isoler les facteurs influençant le coût et la durée de séjour. Méthodologie : L’échantillon est composé de 1.126 séjours. Ce sont des patients hospitalisés classiques, de 2012, dans 12 institutions hospitalières francophones. Les différentes variables étudiées proviennent d’une part du Résumé Hospitalier Minimum (données médico-administratives) et d’autre part de la base données PACHA (coûts des séjours et des pathologies dans un échantillon d’hôpitaux). Le coût étudié est un coût complet, évalué selon la perspective de l’hôpital. Résultats : Le coût médian des 1.126 patients est de 1.572,50€. La durée de séjour médiane est de 3,59 jours. Le coefficient de variation au sein des indices de sévérité est très hétérogène (il varie de 0,98 à 2,05). Deux groupes de patients se distinguent fortement : les patients intoxiqués à l’alcool et les patients dépendants à l’alcool. Conclusion : Les résultats de cette étude semblent confirmer que les séjours psychiatriques pour cette prise en charge sont hétérogènes. Cependant, une étude similaire à plus grande échelle serait nécessaire afin de valider les résultats.
Effets de la fréquence d’utilisation des communautés virtuelles de patients sur la relation patients-médecins
Authors: Menvielle Loick , Menvielle William , Audrain-Pontevia Anne-Francoise 
Published: March 2017

Le monde de la santé connaît depuis peu des changements manifestes en ce qui concerne la prise de pouvoir des patients sur leurs maladies ou celles de leurs proches. Internet a été un véritable catalyseur et a permis d’ouvrir de nombreux espaces virtuels (sites Web, blogues, réseaux sociaux médicaux...) grâce auxquels les individus commentent et échangent quant à leurs pathologies. Les communautés virtuelles de patients (CVP) s’inscrivent dans cette dynamique et ont modifié la place et le rôle du patient, mais aussi la relation qu’il entretient avec son médecin. Le but de cet article est de mesurer l’impact de la fréquence d’utilisation des communautés virtuelles de patients sur les variables suivantes : confiance à l’égard du médecin, qualité perçue de la relation avec le médecin et attitude vis-à-vis du médecin. Basés sur un échantillon de 266 répondants français, les résultats de cette recherche montrent que la fréquence d’utilisation a un effet sur l’attitude et la qualité de la relation des patients avec leur médecin.
Patients’ prevention program commitment: The role of psychological reactance and relationship proneness
Authors: Prim-Allaz Isabelle , Darpy Denis 
Published: March 2017

Les programmes de prévention sont fondamentaux en santé, mais ils nécessitent l’engagement volontaire des patients. En cela, ils présentent des points communs avec les programmes de marketing relationnel. Pour mieux comprendre le fait que les programmes de prévention ne sont pas toujours des succès, une revue de littérature a été entreprise et a permis de mettre en avant deux concepts clés : la réactance psychologique ( i.e. , la résistance à contractualiser de façon formelle) et la propension relationnelle ( i.e. , la volonté de maintenir une relation). Une étude (184 répondants) conduite avec un réseau de dentistes proposant un programme de prévention dentaire expérimental a permis de montrer empiriquement que la réactance psychologique diminue la propension à s’engager dans un programme de prévention, tandis que l’anxiété et la propension relationnelle l’augmente. La confiance dans le dentiste joue un rôle médiateur entre la propension relationnelle et l’engagement dans le programme de prévention.
Solaire et éolien chinois : stratégies et politiques d’internationalisation
Authors: Aurez Vincent , Desarnaud Gabrielle 
Published: March 2017

La Chine a longuement soutenu l’internationalisation de son industrie pétrolière, dans une quête d’acquisition de ressources et de technologies qui a fait couler beaucoup d’encre. Désormais les fleurons de l’industrie renouvelable chinoise, en proie à la surcapacité locale et des concurrents étrangers qui mènent la course à l’innovation, se tournent également vers l’international et revoient leurs stratégies de développement. Soutenues par un discours politique qui met en avant les exploits chinois en matière d’investissements dans les énergies renouvelables, ces « entreprises émergentes stratégiques » commencent à changer le paysage énergétique international et le positionnement des acteurs du secteur.
Les récentes évolutions économiques, commerciales et politiques du Japon vues d’Europe
Authors: Donzé Pierre-Yves , Grialou Mathieu , Lechevalier Sébastien , Roux Didier , Veyrenc Thomas 
Published: March 2017

Quatre évolutions récentes du Japon sont ici discutées : hiérarchies économiques et relations commerciales et de R&D ; crises économiques et réactions politiques ; structures économiques et rôle des puissances publiques nationales et transnationales ; la catastrophe de Fukushima et ses conséquences.