bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Through the gates of Croatia and back: Listening walks in East Slavonia
Authors: Vejnovic Aleksandar 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The article ‘Through the gates of Croatia and back: Listening walks in East Slavonia’ provides a deep connection between the artistic and technical sides of acoustic art. Through the acoustic environment of Vinkovci in Croatia, my place of birth, which I left in 1991, I discovered an inner world that has been reflected in my composition. My journey was guided by the concepts of psychogeography and listening walks. It also brought me to the understanding of the fine line between field recording (the material) and soundscape composition (the form). The term ‘soundscape’ pertains to the acoustic envelope we are living in. It implies that the sounds of rooms, places and landscapes can be considered as representative elements and signs. It is the expression of the material, cultural and social consistence of our presence. The soundscape composition deals with the perception of the acoustic environment through sound transformations. To find associations between dreams, memories and experiences is the intention of many soundscape composers. Barry Truax explained these principles very clearly by using a module that contains the psychological, social and physical levels. By listening to samples of the composition in stereo version, the audience will experience the soundscape of Vinkovci through Truax’s module. It will prove the necessity of environmental listening, in order to discover and to understand the acoustic identity defined by R. Murray Schafer and his terms like keynotes, soundsignals, soundmarks, Lo-Fi and Hi-Fi. Another purpose of the article is to discuss how the object-based system changes and opens new possibilities in acoustic composing and design. The aim is to place the sounds in the acoustic space in order to build an individual soundscape, to make the sound tangible and to make the acoustic space an immersive and deconstructive experience for the listener: an artist’s dream over centuries.
Wishful thinking
Authors: Mackenzie Louise 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In my research, I have used synthetic biology techniques to understand more deeply the implications of biotechnology as a form of art practice – of thinking through making. In doing so, I have become increasingly aware that, whilst synthetic biology makes many promises for the future of humanity, it does so from within a capitalist system that does not fully account for the environmental impact of technological advances. The core of my research resides in artistic practice situated within a UK genetics laboratory, where I develop experience in molecular biology and synthetic biology in order to store a thought physically within the body of the living organism, Escherichia coli (E. coli), deliberately following scientific protocols in order to explore the affect of working with the living organism as medium. Through the creation of a cypher that maps phonemes to codons, I translated a thought (the question, ‘what will happen if I store this thought safe within you?’) into DNA and stored it within E. coli, which I have been growing in the laboratory for over a year, to observe how my intervention has impacted the organisms and affected myself as an artist using biotechnology. I have brought this research to a public audience via an evolving series of exhibitions, Pithos (Mackenzie 2016), Viral Experiments (Mackenzie 2017), Genocentric (Mackenzie 2017) and, more recently, a workshop series titled Transformation (Mackenzie 2017). In the longer term I plan to store the thought within my own cells, not those of a laboratory organism, in a project titled Wishful Thinking or Velleity with(out) Volition, as a post-anthropocentric reflection on the imposition of will inherent in humanity as a species.
Ekphrasis
Authors: Laurenzo Tomás 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article presents a mixed-media installation titled Ekphrasis, consisting of close-up videos of a heavily scarred body projected onto an elastic screen. The screen has one string attached to its centre, which in turn is attached to a stepper motor. The motor pulls the screen in a controlled random pattern, stretching it and letting go, sometimes carefully, sometimes violently. The piece explores the relationship between the digital representation of the body and its corporeity, recreating the trauma that generated the scars on the medium itself, and proposing a new layer of abstraction that sustains the reflection on the significance of the human body.
Sonic representations in hyper-spaces: A creative approach
Authors: Traperas Dimitrios , Floros Andreas , Kanellopoulos Nikolaos 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Man perceives three dimensions but this does not necessarily exclude the existence of higher spatial dimensions, also known as ‘hyperspace’. Higher dimensions have been and still are the object of study and source of inspiration for many artists and scientists. Many efforts have been made to perceive hyperspace through vision. The audio ‘visualization’ of hyperspace may result in a better outcome, perhaps due to similarities between sound and hyperspatial gravitational waves, or even because the corresponding audio centres in our brain are better suited for perceiving hyperspace. Focusing on Varèse, we proceed to a concise historical retrospective of the efforts to approach fourth dimension through music. The interaction between artists and the world of science, and the intuition that forms an integral part of art, have both been a decisive source of inspiration. Furthermore, we describe the characteristics of hyperspatial sound based on scientific discoveries. Finally, we present a logical approach to the hyperspatial audio system based on these characteristics and describe an interactive installation art on acoustic hyperspace.
Determination of the constraints of bicycle use ın urban life<p>Kent yaşamında bisiklet kullanım engellerinin belirlenmesi
Authors: Balcı Velittin , Özbek Oğuz , Koçak Funda , Çeyiz Senem 
Published: January 2018

The aim of this study is to determine the constraints of bicycle use in the cities and to propose solutions for the subject.The sample of the study was selected by using convenience sampling method. A total of 787 bicycle users (M=30.66, SD=11.18, including 172 women (M=29.08, SD=9.90) and 615 men (M=31.10, SD=11.49), who used bicycles in daily life in the city participated in the research voluntarily. The data were collected with the Bicycle Handicap Scale developed by Balcı et al. (2016). The scale consists of two parts that the personal information form and the participants' expressions about the factors preventing the use of bicycles. In the analysis of the data, t-test was used for the variables consisting of binary groups and one way ANOVA was used for the variables consisting of two groups. In the light of the collected data from the bicycle users participating in the survey; it was determined that the infrastructure deficiencies were the first among bicycle use obstacles. This is followed by lack of laws and regulations, physical and economic inadequacies, socio-cultural structure and individual deficiencies respectively. When participants rated the total score they received from the scale, it has been determined that cyclists have met with moderate contraints.Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı kentlerde bisiklet kullanımının önündeki engellerin belirlenmesi ve konu ile ilgili çözüm önerileri sunmaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini kolayda örnekleme yöntemi kullanılarak seçilmiştir. Kentlerde gündelik yaşamında bisiklet kullanan 172 kadın (Ort=29.08.±9.90), 615 erkek (Ort=31.10±11.49) olmak üzere toplam 787 bisiklet kullanıcısı (Ort=30.66±11.18) araştırmaya gönüllü olarak katılmıştır. Araştırmada veriler; Balcı ve arkadaşları (2016) tarafından geliştirilen Bisiklet Engelleri Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. Ölçek, kişisel bilgi formu ve katılımcıların bisiklet kullanımını engelleyen etmenlere yönelik ifadeler olmak üzere iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde, ikili gruptan oluşan değişkenler için t-testi, ikiden fazla gruptan oluşan değişkenler için ise tek yönlü varyans analizi (One Way Anova) kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya katılan bisiklet kullanıcılarından toplanan veriler ışığında; bisiklet kullanım engelleri arasında ilk sırada alt yapı eksiklikleri olduğu saptanmıştır. Bunu sırasıyla yasa ve mevzuattaki eksiklikler, fiziksel ve ekonomik yetersizlikler, sosyo-kültürel yapı ve bireysel eksikliklerin izlediği tespit edilmiştir. Katılımcıların ölçek sorularına verdikleri yanıtlar genel olarak değerlendirildiğinde ise; bisiklet kullanıcılarının orta düzeyde bir engelle karşılaştıkları belirlenmiştir.
Kemampuan Mikrob Endofit dan Rizosfer Tanaman Karet dalam Mengendalikan Rigidoporus lignosus
Authors: Hardiyanti Siti , Soekarno Bonny Poernomo Wahyu , Yuliani Titiek Siti 
Published: January 2018

Rigidoporus lignosus is the most important pathogen of rubber tree which causes white root rot disease. The use of antagonistic microbe is recommended to control this pathogen. This research was conducted to isolate endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, and to study their ability to inhibit growth of R. lignosus. Research consisted of isolation of endophytic and rhizospheric microbes, pathogenicity test, in vitro and in vivo assays, growth promotion assays, and identification. There were 99 isolates of bacteria and 18 isolates of fungi isolated from the root and rhizosphere of rubber trees. In vitro and in vivo assay showed that 2 bacterial isolates, i.e. endophytic bacteria ME8, and rhizospheric bacteria MR3; and 3 fungal isolates, i.e. endophytic fungi CB8, CB6, and CL3 were able to inhibit the growth of R. lignosus. Endophytic bacteria ME8 showed the ability of solibilizing phosphate and fixing nitrogen. Rhizospheric bacteria MR3 showed the ability of solubilizing phosphate. The isolates CB6 and CL3 were very similar with Chaetomium sp. and Penicillium sp., respectively based on morphological characters; while CB8 was identified as mycelial sterile. Based on 16S rRNA sequences, endophytic bacterium ME8 and rhizospheric bacteria ME3 were identified as Bacillus siamensis B268 and B. amylolyquefaciens BCRh10, respectively. Endophytic and rhizospheric microbes isolated from rubber trees has the potency as biocontrol agents of R. lignosus.
Identifikasi Colletotrichum spp. Asal Tanaman Pepaya
Authors: Rangkuti Eryna Elfasari , Wiyono Suryo , Widodo Widodo 
Published: January 2018

Colletotrichum spp. is known as the causal agent of anthracnose and considered as an important limiting factors on papaya production. The objective of this study was to determine the species of Colletotrichum spp. from various plant parts of papaya (Carica papaya) showing anthracnose symptom. Twenty isolates of Colletotrichum spp. was isolated and were grouped into 3 morphological groups based on colony similarity, conidial morphology, and setae formation. A total of 12 isolates of group I and 3 isolates of group II were identified morphologically as C. gloeosporioides sensu lato based on cylindrical conidia with rounded on both ends and colony morphology. Meanwhile, 1 isolate of group II was molecularly identified as C. magnum. Four isolates of group III with a curved and pointed-end conidia, and produced setae on artificial medium were identified molecularly as C. truncatum. C. gloeosporioides was obtained on stem, leaf petiole, and fruit. C. magnum and C. truncatum were only obtained on leaf petiole and fruit, respectively. In addition to morphological and molecular characters, differences in colony growth responses to temperature can be used to distinguish the species of Colletotrichum. To our knowledge the existence of anthracnose symptom on the stems and leaf petioles of papaya in the fields and the discovery of C. magnum and C. truncatum isolated from papaya was the first report in Indonesia.
Conflict and Competition over Multi-Issues
Authors: Osório António 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Real life disputes, negotiations and competitive situations involve multi-issue considerations in which the final outcome depends on the aggregated effort over several dimensions. We consider two allocation systems, the I-system, in which each issue is disputed and award independently, and the A-system, in which all issues are aggregate in a single prize award. In the A-system, we propose a contest success function that aggregates the individuals’ multi-issue efforts in a single outcome. Among other results, we found that the A-system tends to induce higher total effort than the I-system. The model is also able to reproduce a large set of strategic behaviors. For instance, under decreasing returns to effort, individuals maximize their payoffs by distributing effort over all issues, while under increasing returns to effort, individuals focus on a single issue. Hybrid equilibria, in which one individual focus in a single issue while the other individual diversifies effort over all issues, may also emerge when individuals hold different returns to effort. Strategic behavior is simultaneously influenced by the weight of each issue on the final outcome and by comparative advantages. Throughout the manuscript, we link our results with strategic behavior observed in electoral competition, i.e., “issue ownership”,“issue divergence/convergence”and“common value issues”. We expect that our findings will help researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of endogenous selection of issues in competitive contexts and to provide guidance in the implementation of the optimal allocation mechanism.
Forecast Dispersion in Finite-Player Forecasting Games
Authors: Kim Jin Yeub , Shim Myungkyu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe study forecast dispersion in a finite-player forecasting game modeled as an aggregate game with payoff externalities and dispersed information. In the game, each agent cares about being accurate as well as about the distance of his forecast from the average forecast; and with a finite number of agents, the agents can strategically influence that average. We show that the finiteness of the number of agents weakens the strategic effect induced by the underlying preference. We find that when each agent prefers to be close to the average forecast, the presence of strategic manipulation of the average forecast contributes to a higher forecast dispersion; when instead each agent wants to be distinctive from the average, the opposite is true.
Relative Pavement Performance for Dual and Wide-Based Tire Assemblies Using a Finite Element Method
Authors: Casey D. B. , Airey G. D. , Grenfell J. R. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
There is a need to assess the realistic tire contact pressure created by a tire in contact with a pavement. The contact pressure is a function of tire type, axle loading, and tire inflation pressure (TiP). The research carried out considered dual tire and wide-based tire assemblies across a range of axle loading and TiP. These contact pressures were incorporated into a finite element package (CAPA-3D) and modelled on a simple pavement structure. The strains from this modelling were sorted to produce key strains associated with the mechanisms of surface distress, near surface distress, deep asphalt distress, and the subgrade. The main distress mechanisms were top down cracking, asphalt cracking/rutting, bottom-up fatigue cracking, and subgrade rutting. This gave a method to fairly compare the dual and wide-based tire assemblies with the same axle loading and TiP. The analysis gave interesting results for the different distress mechanisms of the pavement. The wide-based tire gives consistently higher shear strains for all the areas of distress investigated. There is great variation in surface and near surface shear strains due to the different combinations of axle loading and TiP. It is clear that the wide-based tire is a more damaging tire for all combinations of TiP and axle loading. It is also apparent that how these factors interact has a great influence on the damaging potential of a tire.
Specific Relationship between the Shape of the Readiness Potential, Subjective Decision Time, and Waiting Time Predicted by an Accumulator Model with Temporally Autocorrelated Input Noise
Authors: Schurger Aaron 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSelf-initiated movements are reliably preceded by a gradual buildup of neuronal activity known as the readiness potential (RP). Recent evidence suggests that the RP may reflect subthreshold stochastic fluctuations in neural activity that can be modeled as a process of accumulation to bound. One element of accumulator models that has been largely overlooked in the literature is the stochastic term, which is traditionally modeled as Gaussian white noise. While there may be practical reasons for this choice, we have long known that noise in neural systems is not white – it is long-term correlated with spectral density of the form 1/fβ(with roughly 1 < β < 3) across a broad range of spatial scales. I explored the behavior of a leaky stochastic accumulator when the noise over which it accumulates is temporally autocorrelated. I also allowed for the possibility that the RP, as measured at the scalp, might reflect the input to the accumulator (i.e., its stochastic noise component) rather than its output. These two premises led to two novel predictions that I empirically confirmed on behavioral and electroencephalography data from human subjects performing a self-initiated movement task. In addition to generating these two predictions, the model also suggested biologically plausible levels of autocorrelation, consistent with the degree of autocorrelation in our empirical data and in prior reports. These results expose new perspectives for accumulator models by suggesting that the spectral properties of the stochastic input should be allowed to vary, consistent with the nature of biological neural noise.
Neurogenesis during Abstinence Is Necessary for Context-Driven Methamphetamine-Related Memory
Authors: Galinato Melissa H. , Takashima Yoshio , Fannon McKenzie J. , Quach Leon W. , Morales Silva Roberto J. , Mysore Karthik K. , Terranova Michael J. , Dutta Rahul R. , Ostrom Ryan W. , Somkuwar Sucharita S. , Mandyam Chitra D. 
Published: January 2018

Abstinence from methamphetamine addiction enhances proliferation and differentiation of neural progenitors and increases adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG). We hypothesized that neurogenesis during abstinence contributes to context-driven drug-seeking behaviors. To test this hypothesis, the pharmacogenetic rat model (GFAP-TK rats) was used to conditionally and specifically ablate neurogenesis in the DG. Male GFAP-TK rats were trained to self-administer methamphetamine or sucrose and were administered the antiviral drug valganciclovir (Valcyte) to produce apoptosis of actively dividing GFAP type 1 stem-like cells to inhibit neurogenesis during abstinence. Hippocampus tissue was stained for Ki-67, NeuroD, and DCX to measure levels of neural progenitors and immature neurons, and was stained for synaptoporin to determine alterations in mossy fiber tracts. DG-enriched tissue punches were probed for CaMKII to measure alterations in plasticity-related proteins. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were performed in acute brain slices from methamphetamine naive (controls) and methamphetamine experienced animals (+/−Valcyte). Spontaneous EPSCs and intrinsic excitability were recorded from granule cell neurons (GCNs). Reinstatement of methamphetamine seeking enhanced autophosphorylation of CaMKII, reduced mossy fiber density, and induced hyperexcitability of GCNs. Inhibition of neurogenesis during abstinence prevented context-driven methamphetamine seeking, and these effects correlated with reduced autophosphorylation of CaMKII, increased mossy fiber density, and reduced the excitability of GCNs. Context-driven sucrose seeking was unaffected. Together, the loss-of-neurogenesis data demonstrate that neurogenesis during abstinence assists with methamphetamine context-driven memory in rats, and that neurogenesis during abstinence is essential for the expression of synaptic proteins and plasticity promoting context-driven drug memory.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur work uncovers a mechanistic relationship between neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus and drug seeking. We report that the suppression of excessive neurogenesis during abstinence from methamphetamine addiction by a confirmed phamacogenetic approach blocked context-driven methamphetamine reinstatement and prevented maladaptive changes in expression and activation of synaptic proteins and basal synaptic function associated with learning and memory in the dentate gyrus. Our study is the first to demonstrate an interesting and dysfunctional role of adult hippocampal neurogenesis during abstinence to drug-seeking behavior in animals self-administering escalating amounts of methamphetamine. Together, these results support a direct role for the importance of adult neurogenesis during abstinence in compulsive-like drug reinstatement.
An Interaction between Serotonin Receptor Signaling and Dopamine Enhances Goal-Directed Vigor and Persistence in Mice
Authors: Bailey Matthew R. , Goldman Olivia , Bello Estefanía P. , Chohan Muhammad O. , Jeong Nuri , Winiger Vanessa , Chun Eileen , Schipani Elke , Kalmbach Abigail , Cheer Joseph F. , Balsam Peter D. , Simpson Eleanor H. 
Published: January 2018

The functionally selective 5-HT2C receptor ligand SB242084 can increase motivation and have rapid onset anti–depressant-like effects. We sought to identify the specific behavioral effects of SB242084 treatment and elucidate the mechanism in female and male mice. Using a quantitative behavioral approach, we determined that SB242084 increases the vigor and persistence of goal-directed activity across different types of physical work, particularly when work requirements are demanding. We found this influence of SB242084 on effort, rather than reward to be reflected in striatal DA measured during behavior. Usingin vivofast scan cyclic voltammetry, we found that SB242084 has no effect on reward-related phasic DA release in the NAc. Usingin vivomicrodialysis to measure tonic changes in extracellular DA, we also found no changes in the NAc. In contrast, SB242084 treatment increases extracellular DA in the dorsomedial striatum, an area that plays a key role in response vigor. These findings have several implications. At the behavioral level, this work shows that the capacity to work in demanding situations can be increased, without a generalized increase in motor activity or reward value. At the circuit level, we identified a pathway restricted potentiation of DA release and showed that this was the reason for the increased response vigor. At the cellular level, we show that a specific serotonin receptor cross talks to the DA system. Together, this information provides promise for the development of treatments for apathy, a serious clinical condition that can afflict patients with psychiatric and neurological disorders.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMotivated behaviors are modulated by reward value, effort demands, and cost-benefit computations. This information drives the decision to act, which action to select, and the intensity with which the selected action is performed. Because these behavioral processes are all regulated by DA signaling, it is very difficult to influence selected aspects of motivated behavior without affecting others. Here we identify a pharmacological treatment that increases the vigor and persistence of responding in mice, without increasing generalized activity or changing reactions to rewards. We show that the 5-HT2C-selective ligand boosts motivation by potentiating activity-dependent DA release in the dorsomedial striatum. These results reveal a novel strategy for treating patients with motivational deficits, avolition, or apathy.