bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KEEFEKTIFAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) DAN INQUIRY DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA KELAS V SD
Authors: Supriyati Supriyati , Utama Mawardi 
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan keefektifan model pembelajaran <em>Group Investigation (GI)</em> dengan model pembelajaran <em>Inquiry</em> ditinjau dari hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus Maruto Bawen. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu (<em>quasi eksperimental research</em>) dengan desain <em>nonequivalent control group design</em>. Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas V SD N Samban 02 (SD imbas) dan VC SDIP H. Soebandi (SD swasta) sebagai kelompok eksperimen serta siswa kelas V SD N Samban 01 (SD imbas) dan VB SDIP H. Soebandi (SD swasta) sebagai kelompok kontrol. Variabel dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari model<em> Group Investigation</em> dan <em>Inquiry</em> sebagai variabel bebas dan hasil belajar sebagai variabel terikat. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrumen soal tes dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji <em>Independent Sample T Test</em> yang dikenakan pada skor <em>posttest</em> dan <em>gain score</em>. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai t hitung -1,182 dan t tabel 1,985 dengan signifikansi 0,240. Hasil uji t <em>gain score</em> kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol menunjukkan t hitung 0,468 dan t tabel 1,985 dengan signifikansi 0,641. Karena nilai signifikansi &gt; 0,05 dan t hitung &lt; t tabel maka H<sub>0</sub> diterima yaitu tidak ada perbedaan hasil belajar yang signifikan dalam penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe <em>Group Investigation</em> dan <em>Inquiry</em> ditinjau dari hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas V SD Gugus Maruto Bawen. Maknanya bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan keefektifan model pembelajaran <em>Group Investigation</em> dan <em>Inquiry</em> dalam pembelajaran IPA di kelas V SD Gugus Maruto. Saran berkenaan dengan temuan penelitian ini adalah guru dapat menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe <em>Group Investigation (GI)</em> atau <em>Inquiry</em> dalam pembelajaran IPA sebagai alternatif untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa, yang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik siswa.
EFEKTIVITAS MODEL PROBLEM BASED LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DITINJAU DARI HASIL BELAJAR IPA SISWA KELAS 5 SDN 1 GADU SAMBONG - BLORA SEMESTER 2 TAHUN 2014/2015
Authors: Virgiana Andhini , Wasitohadi Wasitohadi 
Published: March 2017

<p>Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat hasil belajar antara model <em>problem based learning</em> berbantuan media audio visual dengan model pembelajaran <em>think pair share</em> berbantuan media visual pada pembelajaran IPA siswa kelas 5 SDN 1 Gadu Sambong Kabupaten Blora semester 2 tahun pelajaran 2014/2015. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian <em>quasi experimen</em><em>t</em> dengan <em>nonequivalent control group</em><em> design</em><em>. </em>Subjek penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas 5 SDN 1 Gadu dan siswa kelas 5 SDN 2 Gagakan. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian adalah tes dan observasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik deskriptif, statistik parametrik, dan uji t dengan <em>independent sample t</em><em>-</em><em>tes</em><em> </em>pada taraf signifikansi 5% (α = 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan tingkat efektivitas antara model <em>problem based learning</em> berbantu media audio visual dengan model pembelajaran <em>think pair share</em> berbantu media visual terhadap hasil belajar IPA siswa kelas 5 SDN 1 Gadu Kecamatan Sambong Kabupaten Blora semester 2 tahun 2014/2015. Terbukti hal ini ditunjukkan oleh hasil uji t-test sebesar 3,603 &gt; 1,999 dan signifikansi sebesar 0,001 &lt; 0,05. Perbedaan rata-rata kelas eksperimen &gt; rata-rata kelas kontrol yaitu 87,0588 &gt; 80,2000.</p>
Preliminary Analysis of Slope Stability in Kuok and Surrounding Areas
Authors: Putra Dewandra Bagus Eka , Choanji Tiggi 
Published: March 2017

The level of slope influenced by the condition of the rocks beneath the surface. On high level of slopes, amount of surface runoff and water transport energy is also enlarged. This caused by greater gravity, in line with the surface tilt from the horizontal plane. In other words, topsoil eroded more and more. When the slope becomes twice as steep, then the amount of erosion per unit area be 2.0 - 2.5 times more. Kuok and surrounding area is the road access between the West Sumatra and Riau which plays an important role economies of both provinces. The purpose of this study is to map the locations that have fairly steep slopes and potential mode of landslides. Based on SRTM data obtained, the roads in Kuok area has a minimum elevation of + 33 m and a maximum + 217.329 m. Rugged road conditions with slope ranging from 24.08 ° to 44.68 ° causing this area having frequent landslides. The result of slope stability analysis in a slope near the Water Power Plant Koto Panjang, indicated that mode of active failure is toppling failure or rock fall and the potential zone of failure is in the center part of the slope.
ALMACAL II: Extreme Star Formation Rate Densities in Dusty Starbursts Revealed by ALMA 20 mas Resolution Imaging
Authors: Oteo I. , Zwaan M. A. , Ivison R. J. , Smail I. , Biggs A. D. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We present ultrahigh spatial resolution (∼20 mas or 150 pc) ALMA observations of the dust continuum at 920 μm and 1.2 mm in two submillimeter sources at z = 3.442, ALMACAL–1 (A–1:

) and ALMACAL–2 (A–2:

). About half of the star formation in each of these sources is dominated by a single compact clump (FWHM size of ∼350 pc). In A–1, two additional fainter clumps are found. The star formation rate (SFR) surface densities of all these clumps are extremely high,

to

, the highest rates found in high-redshift galaxies. Given their geometry and identical redshifts, there is a possibility that A–1 and A–2 are the lensed images of a single background source that are gravitationally amplified by the blazar host. If this were the case, the effective radius of the dusty galaxy in the source plane would be

and the demagnified SFR surface density would be

∼ 10,000

, comparable with the eastern nucleus of Arp 220. Although we cannot rule out an AGN contribution, our results suggest that a significant percentage of the enormous far-IR luminosity in some dusty starbursts is extremely compact. The high

in these sources could only be measured thanks to the ultrahigh-resolution ALMA observations used in this work, demonstrating that long-baseline observations are essential to study and interpret the properties of dusty starbursts in the early Universe.
Gamma–Gamma Absorption in the γ-ray Binary System PSR B1259-63/LS 2883
Authors: Sushch Iurii , van Soelen Brian 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
The observed TeV light curve from the γ-ray binary PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 shows a decrease in the flux at periastron that has not been fully explained by emission mechanisms alone. This observed decrease can, however, be explained by γγ absorption due to the stellar and disk photons. We calculate the γγ absorption in PSR B1259-63/LS 2883 taking into account photons from both the circumstellar disk and star, assuming that the γ-rays originate at the position of the pulsar. The γγ absorption due to the circumstellar disk photons produces a ≈14% decrease in the flux, and there is a total decrease of ≈52% (>1 TeV) within a few days before periastron, accompanied by a hardening of the γ-ray photon index. While the γγ absorption alone is not sufficient to explain the full complexity of the H.E.S.S. γ-ray light curve, it results in a significant decrease in the predicted flux, which is coincident with the observed decrease. In addition, we have calculated an upper limit on the γγ absorption, assuming that the emission is produced at the apex of the bow shock. Future observations with CTA during the 2021 periastron passage may be able to confine the location of the emission based on the degree of γγ absorption, as well as measure the hardening of the spectrum around periastron.
Observation of a 3D Magnetic Null Point
Authors: Romano P. , Falco M. , Guglielmino S. L. , Murabito M. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
We describe high-resolution observations of a GOES B-class flare characterized by a circular ribbon at the chromospheric level, corresponding to the network at the photospheric level. We interpret the flare as a consequence of a magnetic reconnection event that occurred at a three-dimensional (3D) coronal null point located above the supergranular cell. The potential field extrapolation of the photospheric magnetic field indicates that the circular chromospheric ribbon is cospatial with the fan footpoints, while the ribbons of the inner and outer spines look like compact kernels. We found new interesting observational aspects that need to be explained by models: (1) a loop corresponding to the outer spine became brighter a few minutes before the onset of the flare; (2) the circular ribbon was formed by several adjacent compact kernels characterized by a size of 1″–2″; (3) the kernels with a stronger intensity emission were located at the outer footpoint of the darker filaments, departing radially from the center of the supergranular cell; (4) these kernels started to brighten sequentially in clockwise direction; and (5) the site of the 3D null point and the shape of the outer spine were detected by RHESSI in the low-energy channel between 6.0 and 12.0 keV. Taking into account all these features and the length scales of the magnetic systems involved in the event, we argue that the low intensity of the flare may be ascribed to the low amount of magnetic flux and to its symmetric configuration.
Testing the convergence hypothesis for OECD countries: a reappraisal
Authors: Rivas Maria Dolores Gadea , Villarroya Isabel Sanz 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This paper reviews the results of a number of empirical studies of convergence among the OECD countries and discusses some limitations of these studies. Moreover, the paper tries to deal with these limitations by presenting a new and more appropriate methodology: quantile regressions. The results obtained with this specification support the view that, even among the OECD countries, there are different clusters. The parameter representing the convergence hypothesis, despite being negative in every case, is higher in value and more significant as we advance to higher quantiles. These outcomes reveal a faster convergence between the countries that belong to the upper quantiles. Moreover, 1960–1970 is highlighted as the period in which convergence was more intense.
ESTRATÉGIA DE FORRAGEAMENTO DE POLINIZADORES EM Galactia peduncularis (Benth.) Taub. (LEGUMINOSAE: PAPILIONOIDEA) NO PARQUE ESTADUAL DA SERRA DE CALDAS NOVAS (GO)
Authors: Carneiro Vandervilson Alves , Gonçalves Bruno Bastos , Silva Neto Carlos De Melo 
Published: March 2017

A forma como os animais buscam alimentos constitui uma importante característica de seu comportamento. A teoria do forrageamento ótimo é baseada na existência de um balanço entre os custos e benefícios dessas decisões comportamentais. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o comportamento do polinizador em resposta ao aumento da disponibilidade de recurso floral. O experimento foi conduzido em uma área de Cerrado recentemente queimado (campo rupestre) no Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas, localizado nos municípios de Caldas Novas e Rio Quente. A espécie escolhida para testar a hipótese foi a Galactia peduncularis (Benth.)Taub. (Leguminosae: Papilionoidea). Foram selecionados 17 pares de espécimes com número de flores similar, sendo os indivíduos de cada par distanciados por aproximadamente 2m. Nesses pares, uma planta foi considerada focal e a outra, isolada. Para testar possíveis diferenças de polinização entre plantas isoladas e focais, foram realizados dois testes de aleatorização: um teste binário (TB), onde todos os pares foram analisados e verificados o número de vezes onde as visitas florais no individuo focal foram superiores ao número de visitas na isolada. Outro teste ponderando os valores pelo número de visitações também foi efetuado. De acordo com os dados analisados, os visitantes florais preferiram utilizar plantas que puderam oferecer uma maior quantidade de recursos florais, de forma que o número de visitantes variou positivamente com o incremento de flores. Plantas com muitas flores podem fornecer uma maior quantidade de alimento em um mesmo local, de modo que o visitante floral não precise se locomover por grandes distâncias em busca de atender suas necessidades energéticas.
“Who's to be master?”: Humpty Dumpty, J. L. Austin, and J. Hillis Miller
Authors: May Leila S. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article suggests that the study of speech act theory can be beneficial to literary criticism by testing forms of fictional realism. It hopes to accomplish this by appealing to the role of speech acts in the creation of social facts, hence in the creation of social worlds both in reality and in fiction. The distinctiveness of this essay is its attempt to instantiate the truth of the foregoing general suggestion by applying J. L. Austin's speech act theory to Lewis Carroll's Alice books, aiming to justify the claims of certain critics who hold that there is more sense in Wonderland and Looking-Glass Land than has hitherto seemed likely. Here I show that an inspection of the performative utterances employed by the various strange characters in the Alice books sometimes reveals the possibility of functional alien social structures. This discovery suggests the relativity of our own social structures—as the practice of anthropology been doing for years—and thereby also suggests the arbitrariness and vulnerability of the foundations of our social world, and certainly that of the Victorian world that Carroll mocks.
Characters' Names in the Shade of Literary Tendencies: An Onomastic Approach to Characters' Names inThe Mayor of Casterbridge, A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man, andThe City of Glass
Authors: Gerdabi Hiam 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLiterary schools are devised to categorize different writers' styles and visions in creating a literary piece of work. Writers tend to project their views by using a vast range of lingual tools. This article takes a specific look at the choice of characters' names by three different writers from three different literary schools, namely, Naturalism, Modernism, and Postmodernism. As designated sets of literary characteristics are traceable in a piece belonging to a certain literary school, one of the ways in which a writer boosts the paradigm is the choice of names for their characters. Three novels are our concern: The Mayor of Casterbridge by Thomas Hardy (a Naturalist), A Portrait of an Artist as a Young Man by James Joyce (a Modernist), and The City of Glass by Paul Auster (a Postmodernist). The method of investigating the importance of names encompasses linguistic, morphological, and etymological factors (Online Etymology Dictionary). Since these writers adhere to the restrictions of these three literary schools, the characters' names are picked to highlight the same regulations to emphasize their literary potency.
“Missionaries of the Book” or “Central Intelligence” Agents: Gender and Ideology in the Contest for Library Education in Twentieth-Century America
Authors: Pawley Christine 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
In the early twentieth century American librarians laid a foundation for professional education that emphasized knowledge of literary books. However, already by the 1920s, a growing emphasis on providing useful information challenged leading librarians' concentration on reading in claiming intellectual dominance and practical resources. Professionally educated librarians shifted their disciplinary allegiance from the humanities to the social sciences and reinvented themselves from “missionaries of the book” to expert managers and “central intelligence” agents, a move that also called into question the profession's feminization. This article traces the history of this tension and suggests that late twentieth-century developments have provided scope for a renewed role for the humanities and a reconsideration of gender in education for librarianship.
Library Wars: The Making of Librarianship at the Los Angeles Public Library, 1890–1910
Authors: Hansen Debra Gold 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACT
This article explores the professionalization of public librarianship during the Progressive Era. Using the Los Angeles Public Library (lapl) as a case study, it examines the library's gradual adoption of professional standards in the 1890s and the establishment of city-controlled civil service rules in 1902. lapl's experience illustrates the challenges involved in implementing new, often controversial, civil service policies and the impact that these personnel changes had on women library employees. The article also considers women librarians' response to changing workplace expectations and the ways in which they negotiated their new professional identity.
INVOLVEMENT OF THE PROSTATE BY CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LYMPHOMA, CLINICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION
Authors: ALAZAB RAMI 
Published: March 2017

Introduction: Few reports have described the involvement of the prostate by hematolymphoid infiltrate; the usual presentation is that of benign prostatic hyperplasia, because of the rarity of the condition; there is no specific diagnostic or treatment paradigm. We set out to study the clinicopathological features for this occurrence. Material and Method: This is a retrospective review to describe the clinical and pathological characters of secondary involvement of the prostate by chronic lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma. Cohort included male patients above the age of 40 years who were diagnosed to have CLL with secondary infiltration of the prostate gland.Results: Among 1512 pathologies reviewed; nine patients were found to have involvement of the prostate gland by CLL. The discovery of the prostate involvement was proved either by pathology examination of prostate chips obtained by Tran Urethral Resection of the prostate or Tranrectal Ultrasound guided prostate biopsy. The average age 57.6 years, prostate specific antigen 2.52 ng/ml AUA-score 23/35, abnormal Digital Rectal Examination 2/9, prostate volume 64 gm. Cohort was contrasted with our institutional prostate diseases database.Conclusion: Prostate gland might be an overlooked site of Chronic Lymphocytic leukemia infiltrate; patients usually present with severe obstructive symptoms and/or abnormal PSA/Digital Rectal Examination. Urologists and pathologists and should be oriented to the mode of presentation, diagnostic and treatment approaches of this population of patients.
Determination and Uncertainty Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic in Husked Rice by Solid Phase Extraction and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry with Hydride Generation
Authors: Saxena Sushil Kumar , Karipalli Agnes Raju , Krishnan Anoop A , Rangasamy Rajesh , Malekadi Praveen , Singh Dhirendra P , Vasu Vimesh , Singh Vijay K 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This study enables the selective determination of inorganic arsenic (iAs) with a low detection limit using an economical instrument [atomic absorption spectrometer with hydride generation (HG)] to meet the regulatory requirements as per European Commission (EC) and Codex guidelines. Dry rice samples (0.5 g) were diluted using0.1 M HNO3–3% H2O2 and heated in a water bath (90 ± 2°C)for 60 min. Through this process, all the iAs is solubilized and oxidized to arsenate [As(V)]. The centrifugedextract was loaded onto a preconditioned and equilibrated strong anion-exchange SPE column (silica-based Strata SAX 500 mg/6 mL), followed by selective and sequential elution of As(V), enabling the selective quantification of iAs using atomic absorption spectrometry with HG. In-house validation showed a mean recovery of 94% and an LOQ of 0.025 mg/kg. The repeatability (HorRatr) and reproducibility (HorRatR) values were &lt;2, meeting the performance criteria mandated by the EC. The combined standard measurement uncertaintyby this method was less than the maximum standard measurement uncertainty; thus, the method can be considered for official control purposes. The method was applied for the determination of iAs in husked rice samples and has potential applications in other food commodities.
Optimal Diagnostic Yield Achieved With On-site Pathology Evaluation of Fine-Needle Aspiration–Assisted Core Biopsies for Pediatric Osseous Lesions: A Single-Center Experience
Authors: Patel Kalyani , Kinnear Darryl , Quintanilla Norma M. , Hicks John , Castro Eumenia , Curry Choladda , Dormans John , Ashton Daniel J. , Hernandez J. Alberto , Wu Hao 
Published: March 2017

Context.—
Image-guided, fine-needle aspiration–assisted core needle biopsy with an on-site evaluation by a pathologist (FNACBP) of osseous lesions is not a common practice in pediatric institutions.

Objectives.—
To evaluate the diagnostic adequacy and accuracy of FNACBP for pediatric osseous lesions and to compare the adequacy with procedures that do not use fine-needle aspiration.

Design.—
Six-year, retrospective review of 144 consecutive children biopsied for osseous lesions with and without fine-needle aspiration assistance.

Results.—
Pathologic diagnosis was achieved in 79% (57 of 72) of the core biopsies without an on-site evaluation, 78% (32 of 41) of the open biopsies (9 with intraoperative consultation), and 97% (30 of 31) of the FNACBPs as the initial diagnostic procedure. Three FNACBP cases were preceded by nondiagnostic open biopsies. Among 34 lesions sampled by FNACBP, 33 (97%) succeeded with diagnostic tissue, with most (30 of 33; 91%) being neoplasms, including 16 malignant (48%), 13 benign (39%), and 1 indeterminate (3%) lesions. The most-common diagnoses were osteosarcoma (9 of 33; 27%) and Langerhans cell histiocytosis (7 of 33; 21%). In cases with follow-up information available, 93% (28 of 30) of the FNACBP-rendered diagnoses were clinically useful, allowing initiation of appropriate therapy. The FNACBP procedure had 100% specificity, sensitivity, and positive predictive value for all 14 malignant lesions, with the sensitivity being 88% in benign lesions. Most FNACBP procedures (32 of 34; 94%) yielded adequate material for ancillary testing. A gradual upward trend was observed for the choice of FNACBP as an initial diagnostic procedure for osseous lesions.

Conclusions.—
The FNACBP procedure yields sufficient material for diagnosis and ancillary studies in pediatric, osseous lesions and may be considered an initial-diagnostic procedure of choice.
Increased atmospheric ammonia over the world's major agricultural areas detected from space
Authors: Warner J. X. , Dickerson R. R. , Wei Z. , Strow L. L. , Wang Y. , Liang Q. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThis study provides evidence of substantial increases in atmospheric ammonia (NH3) concentrations (14 year) over several of the worlds major agricultural regions, using recently available retrievals from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) aboard NASA's Aqua satellite. The main sources of atmospheric NH3 are farming and animal husbandry involving reactive nitrogen ultimately derived from fertilizer use; rates of emission are also sensitive to climate change. Significant increasing trends are seen over the U.S. (2.61% yr−1), the European Union (EU) (1.83% yr−1), and China (2.27% yr−1). Over the EU, the trend results from decreased scavenging by acid aerosols. Over the U.S., the increase results from a combination of decreased chemical loss and increased soil temperatures. Over China, decreased chemical loss, increasing temperatures, and increased fertilizer use all play a role. Over South Asia, increased NH3 emissions are masked by increased SO2 and NOx emissions, leading to increased aerosol loading and adverse health effects.