bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Space Syntax Analysis
Authors: Sadek Ahmed Hassem , Shepley Mardelle McCuskey 
Published: January 2016

Aim: This article reviews and addresses various spatial measures that provide and facilitate accurate descriptions of different layout typologies with particular focus on healthcare facilities. Background: Evidence-based design is a field of study that emphasizes the importance of using credible data in order to influence the design process. It addresses whether/how the design and operation of buildings support positive health outcomes through a growing collection of solutions informed by research and practical knowledge. In order to acquire this knowledge, we must consider the environment in a very precise and measurable way, which can then be investigated quantitatively with regard to various human behaviors and cognitive processes. Topical Headings: Space Syntax theory and methods are concerned with understanding how spaces are arranged and connected to one another. It provides quantitative measures of individual spaces and of the entire layout, thereby achieving great accuracy. Space Syntax researchers have used graph theory to define spatial measures and have produced computer tools to quantify the relational properties of spaces and to provide numerical and display values for each. Moreover, they have developed more precise tools that can be embedded within basic Space Syntax concepts in order to augment the credibility of the acquired data. Conclusion: The study elaborates on the effectiveness of Space Syntax and its newly developed measures for the field of healthcare facility design and research. We present a comprehensive model that brings together these measures with their correlated behavioral and perceptual consequences, thereby providing a point of departure for further investigation and exploration.
Living with heart failure: Perspectives of patients from Singapore
Authors: Malhotra Chetna , Cheng Sim Wong Genevieve , Tan Boon Cheng , Ng Clarice Shu Hwa , Lee Neo Chia , Lau Cindy Suck Lan , Sim David Kheng Leng , Finkelstein Eric Andrew 
Published: January 2016

Introduction: Heart failure is a progressive and often incurable condition associated with a poor quality of life. The aim of this study was to understand the experiences and preferences regarding care, communication and decision-making among patients living with heart failure in Singapore. Methods: Five focus groups were conducted with 27 patients that had heart failure. The focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was used for analyzing transcripts. Results: Six themes representing the experiences of patients with heart failure were identified. These were: 1) physical and psychological symptoms; 2) financial concerns; 3) uncertainty and lack of knowledge about disease; 4) difficulties in navigating the healthcare system; 5) end-of-life care concerns; and 6) fear of burdening family. Conclusion: The study highlights that health care services for patients with heart failure need to address the multifaceted impacts of the disease on patient’s lives. A focus on the provision of comprehensive health care services at the primary care level, training of health care providers in communication skills, involving patients and their families in decision making, and discussions about end-of-life care preferences and goals of care may help to improve care for patients with heart failure.
Endoscopic management of patients with post‐surgical leaks involving the gastrointestinal tract: A large case series
Authors: Manta Raffaele , Caruso Angelo , Cellini Carlo , Sica Mariano , Zullo Angelo , Mirante Vincenzo Giorgio , Bertani Helga , Frazzoni Marzio , Mutignani Massimiliano , Galloro Giuseppe , Conigliaro Rita 
Published: January 2016

BackgroundPost‐surgical anastomotic leaks often require a re‐intervention, are associated with a definite morbidity and mortality, and with relevant costs. We described a large series of patients with different post‐surgical leaks involving the gastrointestinal tract managed with endoscopy as initial approach.MethodsThis was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected cases with anastomotic leaks managed with different endoscopic approaches (with surgical or radiological drainage when needed) in two endoscopic centres during 5 years. Interventions included: (1) over‐the‐scope clip (OTSC) positioning; (2) placement of a covered self‐expanding metal stent (SEMS); (3) fibrin glue injection (Tissucol); and (4) endo‐sponge application, according to both the endoscopic feature and patient’s status.ResultsA total of 76 patients underwent endoscopic treatment for a leak either in the upper (47 cases) or lower (29 cases) gastrointestinal tract, and the approach was successful in 39 (83%) and 22 (75.9%) patients, respectively, accounting for an overall 80.3% success rate. Leak closure was achieved in 84.9% and 78.3% of patients managed by using a single or a combination of endoscopic devices. Overall, leak closure failed in 15 (19.7%) patients, and the surgical approach was successful in all 14 patients who underwent re‐intervention, whilst one patient died due to sepsis at 7 days.ConclusionsOur data suggest that an endoscopic approach, with surgical or radiological drainage when needed, is successful and safe in the majority of patients with anastomotic gastrointestinal leaks. Therefore, an endoscopic treatment could be attempted before resorting to more invasive, costly and risky re‐intervention.
Shoulder Arthroscopy Does Not Adequately Visualize Pathology of the Long Head of Biceps Tendon
Authors: Saithna Adnan , Longo Alison , Leiter Jeff , Old Jason , MacDonald Peter M. 
Published: January 2016

Background: Pulling the long head of the biceps tendon into the joint at arthroscopy is a common method for evaluation of tendinopathic lesions. However, the rate of missed diagnoses when using this technique is reported to be as high as 30% to 50%. Hypothesis: Tendon excursion achieved using a standard arthroscopic probe does not allow adequate visualization of extra-articular sites of predilection of tendinopathy. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Seven forequarter amputation cadaveric specimens were evaluated. The biceps tendon was tagged to mark the intra-articular length and the maximum excursions achieved using a probe and a grasper in both beach-chair and lateral positions. Statistical analyses were performed using analysis of variance to compare means. Results: The mean intra-articular and extra-articular lengths of the tendons were 23.9 and 82.3 mm, respectively. The length of tendon that could be visualized by pulling it into the joint with a probe through the anterior midglenoid portal was not significantly different when using either lateral decubitus (mean ± SD, 29.9 ± 3.89 mm; 95% CI, 25.7-34 mm) or beach-chair positions (32.7 ± 4.23 mm; 95% CI, 28.6-36.8 mm). The maximum length of the overall tendon visualized in any specimen using a standard technique was 37 mm. Although there was a trend to greater excursion using a grasper through the same portal, this was not statistically significant. However, using a grasper through the anterosuperior portal gave a significantly greater mean excursion than any other technique (46.7 ± 4.31 mm; 95% CI, 42.6-50.8 mm), but this still failed to allow evaluation of Denard zone C. Conclusion: Pulling the tendon into the joint with a probe via an anterior portal does not allow visualization of distal sites of predilection of pathology. Surgeons should be aware that this technique is inadequate and can result in missed diagnoses. Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates that glenohumeral arthroscopy does not allow visualization of common areas of pathology of the long head of the biceps tendon.
CARMA1- and MyD88-dependent activation of Jun/ATF-type AP-1 complexes is a hallmark of ABC diffuse large B-cell lymphomas
Authors: Juilland Mélanie , Gonzalez Montserrat , Erdmann Tabea , Banz Yara , Jevnikar Zala , Hailfinger Stephan , Tzankov Alexandar , Grau Michael , Lenz Georg , Novak Urban , Thome Margot 
Published: January 2016

Key PointsAP-1 complexes of the Jun/ATF type promote growth of ABC DLBCL cell lines. High expression of ATF3 is a hallmark of samples from patients with non-GC/ABC DLBCL.
Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (ETP-ALL/LBL) in adolescents and adults: a high-risk subtype
Authors: Jain Nitin , Lamb Audrey V. , O’Brien Susan , Ravandi Farhad , Konopleva Marina , Jabbour Elias , Zuo Zhuang , Jorgensen Jeffrey , Lin Pei , Pierce Sherry , Thomas Deborah , Rytting Michael , Borthakur Gautam , Kadia Tapan , Cortes Jorge , Kantarjian Hagop M. , Khoury Joseph D. 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
Adult patients with ETP-ALL/LBL have poor long-term outcomes. Novel therapies are urgently needed for adult patients with ETP-ALL/LBL.
PET-CT for staging and early response: results from the Response-Adapted Therapy in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma study
Authors: Barrington Sally F. , Kirkwood Amy A. , Franceschetto Antonella , Fulham Michael J. , Roberts Thomas H. , Almquist Helén , Brun Eva , Hjorthaug Karin , Viney Zaid N. , Pike Lucy C. , Federico Massimo , Luminari Stefano , Radford John , Trotman Judith , Fosså Alexander , Berkahn Leanne , Molin Daniel , D’Amore Francesco , Sinclair Donald A. , Smith Paul , O’Doherty Michael J. , Stevens Lindsey , Johnson Peter W. 
Published: January 2016

Key Points
PET-CT is the modern standard for staging Hodgkin lymphoma and can replace contrast enhanced CT in the vast majority of cases. Agreement between expert and local readers is sufficient for the Deauville criteria to assess response in clinical trials and the community.
Src family kinase expression and subcellular localization in macrophages: implications for their role in CSF-1-induced macrophage migration
Authors: Dwyer Amy R , Mouchemore Kellie A , Steer James H , Sunderland Andrew J , Sampaio Natalia G , Greenland Eloise L , Joyce David A , Pixley Fiona J 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
A major role of colony-stimulating factor-1 is to stimulate the differentiation of mononuclear phagocytic lineage cells into adherent, motile, mature macrophages. The colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor transduces colony-stimulating factor-1 signaling, and we have shown previously that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase p110δ is a critical mediator of colony-stimulating factor-1–stimulated motility through the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor pY721 motif. Src family kinases are also implicated in the regulation of macrophage motility and in colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor signaling, although functional redundancy of the multiple SFKs expressed in macrophages makes it challenging to delineate their specific functions. We report a comprehensive analysis of individual Src family kinase expression in macrophage cell lines and primary macrophages and demonstrate colony-stimulating factor-1–induced changes in Src family kinase subcellular localization, which provides clues to their distinct and redundant functions in macrophages. Moreover, expression of individual Src family kinases is both species specific and dependent on colony-stimulating factor-1–induced macrophage differentiation. Hck associated with the activated colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor, whereas Lyn associated with the receptor in a constitutive manner. Consistent with this, inhibitor studies revealed that Src family kinases were important for both colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor activation and colony-stimulating factor-1–induced macrophage spreading, motility, and invasion. Distinct colony-stimulating factor-1–induced changes in the subcellular localization of individual SFKs suggest specific roles for these Src family kinases in the macrophage response to colony-stimulating factor-1.
Winter metabolic depression does not change arterial baroreflex control of heart rate in the tegu lizard (Salvator merianae)
Authors: Zena Lucas A. , Dantonio Valter , Gargaglioni Luciane H. , Andrade Denis V. , Abe Augusto S. , Bícego Kênia C. 
Published: January 2016

Baroreflex regulation of blood pressure (BP) is important for maintaining appropriate tissue perfusion. Although temperature affects heart rate (fH) reflex regulation in some reptiles and toads, no data are available on the influence of temperature-independent metabolic states on baroreflex. The South American tegu lizard Salvator merianae exhibits a clear seasonal cycle of activity decreasing fH along with winter metabolic downregulation, independent of body temperature. Through pharmacological interventions (phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside), the baroreflex control of fH was studied at ∼25°C in spring-summer and winter-acclimated tegus.In winter lizards, resting and minimum fH were lower than in spring-summer animals (respectively, 13.3±0.82 vs 10.3±0.81 and 11.2±0.65 vs 7.97±0.88 beats.min−1), while no acclimation differences occurred in resting BP (5.14±0.38 vs 5.06±0.56 kPa), baroreflex gain (94.3±10.7 vs 138.7±30.3 %.kPa−1) and rate-pressure product (an index of myocardial activity). Vagal tone exceeded the sympathetic tone of fH especially in the winter group. Therefore, despite the lower fH, winter acclimation does not diminish the fH baroreflex responses nor rate-pressure product possibly because of increased stroke volume that may arise due to heart hypertrophy. Independent of acclimation, fH responded more to hypotension than to hypertension. This should imply that tegus, which have no pressure separation within the single heart ventricle, must have other protection mechanisms against pulmonary hypertension or oedema, presumably through lymphatic drainage and/or vagal vasoconstriction of pulmonary artery. Such a predominant fH reflex response to hypothension, previously observed in anurans, crocodilians and mammals, may be a common feature of tetrapods.
Glucose metabolism ontogenesis in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the light of the recently sequenced genome: new tools for intermediary metabolism programming
Authors: Marandel Lucie , Véron Vincent , Surget Anne , Plagnes-Juan Élisabeth , Panserat Stéphane 
Published: January 2016

The rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), a carnivorous fish species, displays a “glucose-intolerant” phenotype when fed a high carbohydrate diet. The importance of carbohydrate metabolism during embryogenesis and the timing of establishing this latter phenotype are currently unclear. In addition, the mechanisms underlying the poor ability of carnivorous fish to use dietary carbohydrates as a major energy substrate are poorly understood. It has recently been shown in trout that duplicated genes involved in glucose metabolism may be involved in establishing the glucose-intolerant phenotype. The aim of this study was therefore to provide new understanding of glucose metabolism during ontogenesis and nutritional transition, taking into consideration the complexity of the trout genome.
Trout were sampled at several stages of development from fertilization to hatching, and alevins were then fed a non-, or a high carbohydrate diet during first-feeding. mRNA levels of all glucose metabolism-related genes increased in embryos during the setting up of the primitive liver. After the first meal, genes rapidly displayed expression patterns equivalent to those observed in the livers of juveniles. g6pcb2.a (one glucose-6-phosphatase encoding gene) was up-regulated in alevins fed a high carbohydrate diet, mimicking the expression pattern of gck genes. The g6pcb2.a gene may contribute to the non-inhibition of the last step of gluconeogenesis and thus to establishing the glucose-intolerant phenotype in trout fed a high carbohydrate diet as early as first-feeding. This information is crucial for nutritional programming investigations as it suggests that first feeding would be too late to programme glucose metabolism in the long term.
The Information Value of Credit Rating Action Reports: A Textual Analysis
Authors: Agarwal Sumit , Chen Vincent Y. S. , Zhang Weina 
Published: January 2016

We examine whether Standard & Poor’s (S&P) credit rating action reports contain new default-related information beyond credit rating actions such as rating changes, credit watch, and outlooks. We find that the net linguistic tone (negative minus positive tone) in the reports is significantly and negatively related to abnormal returns and predicts future rating changes. We discover that the provision of tone does not seem to be inflated by the conventional proxies of conflict of interest faced by S&P, as higher conflict of interest is related to more negative net tone. Moreover, the tone can predict future rating changes even when conflict of interest is high. Overall, our study reveals novel evidence on the information value of credit rating action reports. This paper was accepted by Wei Jiang, finance.
Bargaining in Supply Chains
Authors: Leider Stephen , Lovejoy William S. 
Published: January 2016

We study experimentally bargaining in a multiple-tier supply chain with horizontal competition and sequential bargaining between tiers. Our treatments vary the cost differences between firms in tiers 1 and 2. We measure how these underlying costs influence the efficiency, negotiated prices, and profit distribution across the supply chain, as well as the consistency of these outcomes with existing theory. We find that the structural issue of cost differentials dominates personal characteristics in explaining outcomes, with profits in a tier generally increasing with decreased competition in the tier and increasing with decreased competition in alternate tiers. The balanced principal model of supply chain bargaining does a good job explaining our data, and it outperforms the common assumption of leader–follower negotiations. We find a significant anchoring effect from a firm’s first bid but no effect of the sequence of those bids, no evidence of failure to close via escalation of commitment, and mixed results for a deadline effect. We also find an interesting asymmetry between the buy and sell sides in employed bidding strategy. All firms make predominantly concessionary offers after the initial anchor; however, sell-side firms that engage in aggressive anticoncessionary bidding successfully increase prices while not compromising closure rates. Buy-side firms achieve much smaller price changes from anticoncessionary tactics and risk reduced closure, yielding no net benefit.This paper was accepted by Yossi Aviv, operations management.
Minimizing Cubic and Homogeneous Polynomials over Integers in the Plane
Authors: Del Pia Alberto , Hildebrand Robert , Weismantel Robert , Zemmer Kevin 
Published: January 2016

We complete the complexity classification by degree of minimizing a polynomial over the integer points in a polyhedron in a real vector space of dimension two. Previous work shows that optimizing a quadratic polynomial over the integer points in a polyhedral region in a real vector space of dimension two can be done in polynomial time, whereas optimizing a quartic polynomial in the same type of region is NP-hard. We close the gap by showing that this problem can be solved in polynomial time for cubic polynomials. Furthermore, we show that the problem of minimizing a homogeneous polynomial of any fixed degree over the integer points in a bounded polyhedron in a real vector space of dimension two is solvable in polynomial time. We show that this holds for polynomials that can be translated into homogeneous polynomials, even when the translation vector is unknown. We demonstrate that such problems in the unbounded case can have smallest optimal solutions of exponential size in the size of the input, thus requiring a compact representation of solutions for a general polynomial time algorithm for the unbounded case.
On effective determination of Maass forms from central values of Rankin–Selberg L-function
Authors: Munshi Ritabrata , Sengupta Jyoti 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
We address the problem of identifying a Hecke–Maass cusp form f of full level from the central values of the Rankin–Selberg L-functions L(1/2,f⊗h) where h runs through the set of Hecke–Maass eigenforms of full level. We prove a quantitative result in this direction.
Nilpotent covers and non-nilpotent subsets of finite groups of Lie type
Authors: Azad Azizollah , Britnell John R. , Gill Nick 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Let G be a finite group and c be an element of

ℤ
+

∪

{
∞
}

${\mathbb {Z}^+\cup \lbrace \infty \rbrace }$

. A subgroup H of G is said to be
c-nilpotent
if it is nilpotent and has nilpotency class at most c. A subset X of G is said to be
non-c-nilpotent if it contains no two elements x and y such that the subgroup

〈
x
,
y
〉

${\langle x,y\rangle }$

is c-nilpotent. In this paper we study the quantity

ω
c

(
G
)

${\omega _c({G})}$

, defined to be the size of the largest non-c-nilpotent subset of L.

In the case that L is a finite group of Lie type, we identify covers of L by c-nilpotent subgroups, and
we use these covers to construct large non-c-nilpotent sets in the group L. We prove that for groups L of fixed rank r, there exist constants
Dr
and Er
such that

D
r

N
≤

ω
∞

(
L
)

≤

E
r

N

${D_r N \le \omega _\infty (L) \le E_r N}$

, where N is the number of maximal tori in L.

In the case of groups L with twisted rank 1, we provide exact formulae for

ω
c

(
L
)

${\omega _c({L})}$

for all

c
∈

ℤ
+

∪

{
∞
}

${c\in \mathbb {Z}^+\cup \lbrace \infty \rbrace }$

. If we write q for the level of the Frobenius endomorphism associated with L and assume that q > 5, then

ω
∞

(
L
)

${\omega _\infty ({L})}$

may be expressed as a polynomial in q with coefficients in

{
0
,
1
}

$\lbrace 0,1\rbrace $

.
Agile CD22 nanoclusters run rings around fenced BCR
Authors: Depoil David , Dustin Michael L 
Published: January 2016

B lymphocytes are key players in host defence, but also autoimmune diseases. Their survival depends upon tonic signals transduced by surface immunoglobulin (BCR) and the process leading to antibody secretion is initiated by interaction of BCR with a cognate antigen. CD22 limits signalling of the BCR to strike a balance between tonic signalling, reactivity to pathogens and prevention of autoimmunity. In this issue, Gasparrini et al (2016) combined super‐resolution imaging approaches with single‐particle tracking and simulations to show how CD22 controls the signalling state of the BCR. They demonstrated that small CD22 nanoclusters run rings around the BCR in confined steady state to maintain low tonic signals, but releasing BCR from these corrals allows BCR cluster growth, which overcomes the harrying inhibition from highly mobile CD22.