bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Functional roles of Arabidopsis CKRC2/YUCCA8 gene and the involvement of PIF4 in the regulation of auxin biosynthesis by cytokinin
Authors: Di Dong-Wei , Wu Lei , Zhang Li , An Chen-Wei , Zhang Tian-Zi , Luo Pan , Gao Huan-Huan , Kriechbaumer Verena , Guo Guang-Qin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAuxin and cytokinin (CK) are both important hormones involved in many aspects of plant growth and development. However, the details of auxin biosynthesis and the interaction between auxin and CK are still unclear. Isolation and characterization of an auxin deficient mutant cytokinin induced root curling 2 (ckrc2) in this work reveal that CKRC2 encodes a previously identified member of YUCCA (YUC) flavin monooxygenase-like proteins (YUC8). Our results show that, like other YUCs, CKRC2/YUC8 is a rate-limiting enzyme for catalyzing the conversion of indole-3-pyruvic acid (IPyA) to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), acting downstream of CKRC1/TAA1 in the IPyA pathway. Here we show that the transcription of both CKRC1/TAA and CKRC2/YUC8 can be induced by CK and that the phytochrome-interacting factor 4 (PIF4) is required for this upregulation. Transcription of PIF4 itself is induced by CK via the AHKs-ARR1/12 signalling pathway. These results indicate that PIF4 plays an essential role in mediating the regulatory effect of CK on the transcriptions of CKRC1 and CKRC2 genes in the IPyA pathway of auxin biosynthesis.
Completely Chiral Optical Force for Enantioseparation
Authors: Rukhlenko Ivan D. , Tepliakov Nikita V. , Baimuratov Anvar S. , Andronaki Semen A. , Gun’ko Yurii K. , Baranov Alexander V. , Fedorov Anatoly V. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractFast and reliable separation of enantiomers of chiral nanoparticles requires elimination of all the forces that are independent of the nanoparticle handedness and creation of a sufficiently strong force that either pushes different enantiomers in opposite directions or delays the diffusion of one of them with respect to the other. Here we show how to construct such a completely chiral optical force using two counterpropagating circularly polarized plane waves of opposite helicities. We then explore capabilities of the related enantioseparation method by analytically solving the problem of the force-induced diffusion of chiral nanoparticles in a confined region, and reveal that it results in exponential spatial dependencies of the quantities measuring the purity of chiral substances. The proposed concept of a completely chiral optical force can potentially advance enantioseparation and enantiopurification techniques for all kinds of chiral nanoparticles that strongly interact with light.
Submillimeter spectra of 2-hydroxyacetonitrile (glycolonitrile; HOCH2CN) and its searches in GBT PRIMOS observations of Sgr B2(N)
Authors: Margulès L. , McGuire B. A. , Senent M. L. , Motiyenko R. A. , Remijan A. , Guillemin J. C. 
Published: November 2016

Context. Recent experimental works have studied the possible formation of hydroxyacetonitrile on astrophysical grains. It was formed from hydrogen cyanide (HCN) and formaldehyde (H2CO) in the presence of water under interstellar medium conditions. Because these precursor molecules are abundant, hydroxyacetonitrile is an excellent target for interstellar detection.
Aims. Previous studies of the rotational spectra were limited to 40 GHz, resulting in an inaccurate line list when predicted up to the millimeter-wave range. We measured and analyzed its spectra up to 600 GHz to enable is searches using cutting-edge millimeter and submillimeter observatories.
Methods. The molecule 2-hydroxyacetonitrile exhibits large amplitude motion that is due to the torsion of the hydroxyl group. The analysis of the spectra was made using the RAS formalism available in the SPFIT program with Watson’s S-reduction Hamiltonians.
Results. The submillimeter spectra of hydroxyacetonitrile, an astrophysically interesting molecule, were analyzed. More than 5000 lines were fitted with quantum number values reaching 75 and 25 for J and Ka, respectively. An accurate line list and partition function were provided. A search for hydroxyacetonitrile in publicly available GBT PRIMOS project, IRAM 30 m, and Herschel HEXOS observations of the Sgr B2(N) high-mass star-forming region resulted in a non-detection; upper limits to the column density were determined.
An oscillating tragedy of the commons in replicator dynamics with game-environment feedback
Authors: Weitz Joshua S. , Eksin Ceyhun , Paarporn Keith , Brown Sam P. , Ratcliff William C. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Classical game theory addresses how individuals make decisions given suitable incentives, for example, whether to use a commons rapaciously or with restraint. However, classical game theory does not typically address the consequences of individual actions that reshape the environment over the long term. Here, we propose a unified approach to analyze and understand the coupled evolution of strategies and the environment. We revisit the originating tragedy of the commons example and evaluate how overuse of a commons resource changes incentives for future action. In doing so, we identify an oscillatory tragedy of the commons in which the system cycles between deplete and replete environments and cooperation and defection behavior, highlighting new challenges for control and influence of feedback-evolving games.
Relationships between cortical myeloarchitecture and electrophysiological networks
Authors: Hunt Benjamin A. E. , Tewarie Prejaas K. , Mougin Olivier E. , Geades Nicolas , Jones Derek K. , Singh Krish D. , Morris Peter G. , Gowland Penny A. , Brookes Matthew J. 
Published: November 2016

SignificanceThis paper identifies a significant relationship between cortical myeloarchitecture and functional connectivity in the human brain. This is a significant step toward understanding the role of myelin in shaping large-scale neural networks. Our results extend recent work showing that electrical activity promotes myelination and add significant weight to the argument that neural oscillations are a core mediator of brain connectivity.
Does Holiness Have a Color? The Religious, Ethnic, and Political Semiotics of Colors in Mauritius
Authors: Couacaud Leo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractColors play an important role in the social landscape of Mauritius. First and foremost, they help to distinguish the separate identities of the island’s major religious faiths. But that is not all, as they also serve to reinscribe cultural differences between the island’s various ethnic groups. And there is also evidence to suggest that this ethnoreligious color symbolism is exploited by the island’s major political parties to mobilize the support of voters. So saturated is the Mauritian social landscape with these color schema, that is hard to see how the society can overcome its ethnic divisions and foster a sense of national unity until these cultural practices are attenuated. Indeed as long as the state continues to allocate subsidies to religious organizations on the basis of their ability to objectify their respective cultural differences, it is unlikely such practices are going to disappear anytime soon. The aforementioned issues are explored using a variety of anthropological theories and methods, with particular emphasis laid in the article on the benefits of adopting a more nuanced symbolic approach to the construction of ethnicity in Mauritius to that which is currently available in the literature.
Meeting the Universe Two-Thirds of the Way (Witchful Thinking)
Authors: Kockelman Paul 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWhat is the relation between wishes and witches, between Grice and Freud, between political repression and scientific rendering? What is the relation between ideational and affective phenomena (such as desire and jealousy) and material processes (such as particle scattering and diffusion barriers)? This article demonstrates the broad similarities underlying conversational implicature and dream interpretation, focusing on the use of communicative intentions and repressed wishes as grounds for motiving inferences. It describes a variety of other hermeneutics that evince a similar logic, albeit with different grounds—witch trials among the Azande, and taboo-reckoning among the Maya. And it details the intimate relation between such hermeneutics and the techniques scientists use to produce and interpret laboratory phenomena, and thereby render the real. It foregrounds the affective nature of such processes: the pleasures and pains of laboring in productively constrained, and phenomena-creating, inferential spaces.
Debating the Industrial Limits of Domestic Hip Hop
Authors: Kohl Owen Nathaniel 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe multicharacter biographies of hip hop artists, consumers, and distributors in post-Yugoslav spaces (ex-YU) straddle a period of seemingly never-ending, teleologic ‘transitions.’ The business models of regional music industries have also dramatically changed after the emergence of new forms of digital distribution. These transformations each occur within broader, often violent shifts from self-managed state socialism to clientelistic neoliberalism. I analyze artists’ discussions of professional limitations and the debates surrounding brand acts, or artists’ symbolic range of ambivalent, critical, and pragmatic stances toward media industries. Artists often compare the precarious present of a marginal position within the record business in ex-YU using frames that reference foreign and past elsewheres, including an era of ‘good life’ socialism. A debate has emerged as to whose future a new present laden with brands and industry regulation best serves.
From Discourse to Thought: An Ethnopoetic Analysis of a Chol Mayan Folktale
Authors: Rodríguez Lydia 
Published: November 2016

AbstractClassic Whorfian work has explored the relationship between grammatical features and cognition, but how languages can also influence thought through discursive patterns remains a largely unexplored topic in the neo-Whorfian agenda. In this article, I conduct an ethnopoetic analysis of a Chol traditional story to investigate the relationships between Chol “fashions of speaking,” in the Whorfian sense of the term, and cognitive patterns. I revisit a classic Whorfian topic—how speakers of different languages conceptualize time—but through close examination of how temporal relationships between events are deployed in narrative contexts. I argue that Chol narratives possess a nonlinear plot structure, which exemplifies the kind of non-iconic, nonlinear presentation of sequential events that is characteristic of Chol discourse and thought.
Pellet cloud characterisation, scaling and estimation of the material- and temperature distribution inside the cloud
Authors: Cseh G. , Kocsis G. , Lang P.T. , Plöckl B. , Szepesi T. , Veres G. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Using spatially calibrated images of fast visible cameras, a database was established containing pellet cloud images and the related pellet- and plasma parameters. Using this database, two scalings were derived for the cloud size along the magnetic field lines as a function of pellet speed and ablation rate (first case) and pellet speed, pellet volume, plasma temperature and plasma density (second case). Using the images—based on the number of radiation maxima—the four main cloud shapes were also categorized. The isotope effect (the effect of hydrogen pellets in hydrogen or helium plasma) was also investigated with particular attention devoted to the cloud characteristics. Finally, a synthetic diagnostic—which simulates the measurement system and produces a synthetic pellet cloud image based on the output of the pellet cloud simulation—was developed to reveal the underlying density- and temperature distributions of the observed pellet cloud images. Using this synthetic diagnostic, one of the main identified cloud shapes was reconstructed. Our goal is to derive a scaling law for the toroidal extension of the pellet cloud at different pellet- and plasma conditions, to give a more reliable input for the pellet ELM triggering simulations and using these two results—a better understanding of the pellet-caused pressure perturbation.
Increased Antiviral Treatment Among Hospitalized Children and Adults With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza, 2010–2015
Authors: Appiah Grace D , Chaves Sandra S , Kirley Pam D , Miller Lisa , Meek James , Anderson Evan , Oni Oluwakemi , Ryan Patricia , Eckel Seth , Lynfield Ruth , Bargsten Marisa , Zansky Shelley M , Bennett Nancy , Lung Krista , McDonald-Hamm Christie , Thomas Ann , Brady Diane , Lindegren Mary L , Schaffner William , Hill Mary , Garg Shikha , Fry Alicia M , Campbell Angela P 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Using population-based surveillance data, we analyzed antiviral treatment among hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza. Treatment increased after the influenza A(H1N1) 2009 pandemic from 72% in 2010–2011 to 89% in 2014–2015 (P &lt; .001). Overall, treatment was higher in adults (86%) than in children (72%); only 56% of cases received antivirals on the day of admission.
Decentralized iterative learning control for large-scale linear discrete-time systems with fixed initial state errors
Authors: Fu Qin , Gu Panpan , Wu Jianrong 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis article addresses the problem of iterative learning control for large-scale linear discrete-time systems with fixed initial state errors. And two kinds of the system structures are considered in this article, one of them is the system whose input signal's dimension is less than or equal to the output dimension and the other one is the system whose output signal's dimension is less than or equal to the input dimension. According to the characteristics of the systems, decentralized learning schemes are proposed for such large-scale linear discrete-time systems, and the corresponding discrete-time output limiting trajectories under the action of the decentralized learning schemes are presented. The proposed controller of each subsystem only relies on local output variables without any information exchanging with other subsystems. Using the contraction mapping method, we show that the schemes can guarantee the output of each subsystem to converge uniformly to the corresponding discrete-time output limiting trajectory over all the given discrete-time points within a finite time interval. Furthermore, the decentralized initial rectifying strategies are applied to the large-scale linear discrete-time systems for eliminating the effect of the fixed initial state errors, and the corresponding decentralized learning schemes are established. When the learning schemes are applied to the large-scale linear discrete-time systems, the output of each subsystem can converge to the desired reference trajectory of each subsystem over all the given discrete-time points within a pre-specified interval no matter what value the fixed state error takes. Simulation examples illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
J-GEM follow-up observations of the gravitational wave source GW151226*
Authors: Yoshida Michitoshi , Utsumi Yousuke , Tominaga Nozomu , Morokuma Tomoki , Tanaka Masaomi , Asakura Yuichiro , Matsubayashi Kazuya , Ohta Kouji , Abe Fumio , Chimasu Sho , Furusawa Hisanori , Itoh Ryosuke , Itoh Yoichi , Kanda Yuka , Kawabata Koji S. , Kawabata Miho , Koshida Shintaro , Koshimoto Naoki , Kuroda Daisuke , Moritani Yuki , Motohara Kentaro , Murata Katsuhiro L. , Nagayama Takahiro , Nakaoka Tatsuya , Nakata Fumiaki , Nishioka Tsubasa , Saito Yoshihiko , Terai Tsuyoshi , Tristram Paul J. , Yanagisawa Kenshi , Yasuda Naoki , Doi Mamoru , Fujisawa Kenta , Kawachi Akiko , Kawai Nobuyuki , Tamura Yoichi , Uemura Makoto , Yatsu Yoichi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractWe report the results of optical–infrared follow-up observations of the gravitational wave (GW) event GW151226 detected by the Advanced LIGO in the framework of J-GEM (Japanese collaboration for Gravitational wave ElectroMagnetic follow-up). We performed wide-field optical imaging surveys with the Kiso Wide Field Camera (KWFC), Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), and MOA-cam3. The KWFC survey started at 2.26 d after the GW event and covered 778 deg2 centered at the high Galactic region of the skymap of GW151226. We started the HSC follow-up observations from ∼12 d after the event and covered an area of 63.5 deg2 of the highest probability region of the northern sky with limiting magnitudes of 24.6 and 23.8 for the i and z bands, respectively. MOA-cam3 covered 145 deg2 of the skymap with the MOA-red filter ∼2.5 mon after the GW alert. The total area covered by the wide-field surveys was 986.5 deg2. The integrated detection probability for the observed area was ∼29%. We also performed galaxy-targeted observations with six optical and near-infrared telescopes from 1.61 d after the event. A total of 238 nearby (≤100 Mpc) galaxies were observed with a typical I band limiting magnitude of ∼19.5. We detected 13 supernova candidates with the KWFC survey, and 60 extragalactic transients with the HSC survey. Two thirds of the HSC transients were likely supernovae and the remaining one third were possible active galactic nuclei. With our observational campaign, we found no transients that are likely to be associated with GW151226.
What Attitudes and Values Are Incorporated Into Self as Part of Professional Identity Construction When Becoming a Surgeon?
Authors: Cope Alexandra , Bezemer Jeff , Mavroveli Stella , Kneebone Roger 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
To make explicit the attitudes and values of a community of surgeons, with the aim of understanding professional identity construction within a specific group of residents.

Method
Using a grounded theory method, the authors collected data from 16 postgraduate surgeons through interviews. They complemented these initial interview data with ethnographic observations and additional descriptive interviews to explore the attitudes and values learned by surgeons during residency training (2010–2013). The participants were attending surgeons and residents in a general surgical training program in a university teaching hospital in the United Kingdom.

Results
Participating surgeons described learning personal values or attitudes that they regarded as core to “becoming a surgeon” and key to professional identity construction. They described learning to be a perfectionist, to be accountable, and to self-manage and be resilient. They discussed learning to be self-critical, sometimes with the unintended consequence of seeming neurotic. They described learning effective teamwork as well as learning to take initiative and be innovative, which enabled them to demonstrate leadership and drive actions and agendas forward within the health care organization where they worked.

Conclusions
To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to systematically explore the learning of professional identity amongst postgraduate surgeons. The study contributes to the literature on professional identity construction within medical education. The authors conclude that the demise of the apprenticeship model and the rise of duty hours limitations may affect not only the acquisition of technical skills but, more important, the construction of surgeon professional identity.
The Impact of Administrative Burden on Academic Physicians: Results of a Hospital-Wide Physician Survey
Authors: Rao Sandhya K. , Kimball Alexa B. , Lehrhoff Sara R. , Hidrue Michael K. , Colton Deborah G. , Ferris Timothy G. , Torchiana David F. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
To determine the characteristics of clinically active academic physicians most affected by administrative burden; the correlation between administrative burden, burnout, and career satisfaction among academic physicians; and the relative value and burden of specific administrative tasks.

Method
The authors analyzed data from the 2014 Massachusetts General Physicians Organization Survey. Respondents reported the percentage of time they spent on patient-related administrative duties and rated the value and burden associated with specific administrative tasks. A five-point Likert scale and multivariate regression identified predictors of administrative burden and assessed the impact of administrative burden on perceived quality of care, career satisfaction, and burnout.

Results
Of the eligible workforce, 1,774 physicians (96%) responded to the survey. On average, 24% of working hours were spent on administrative duties. Primary care physicians and women reported spending more time on administrative duties compared with other physicians. Two-thirds of respondents reported that administrative duties negatively affect their ability to deliver high-quality care. Physicians who reported higher percentages of time spent on administrative duties had lower levels of career satisfaction, higher levels of burnout, and were more likely to be considering seeing fewer patients in the future. Prior authorizations, clinical documentation, and medication reconciliation were rated the most burdensome tasks.

Conclusions
Administrative duties required substantial physician time and affected physicians’ perceptions of being able to deliver high-quality care, career satisfaction, burnout, and likelihood to continue clinical practice. There is variation in administrative burden across specialties, and multiple areas of work contribute to overall administrative workload.
How Entrustment Is Informed by Holistic Judgments Across Time in a Family Medicine Residency Program: An Ethnographic Nonparticipant Observational Study
Authors: Sagasser Margaretha H. , Fluit Cornelia R.M.G. , van Weel Chris , van der Vleuten Cees P.M. , Kramer Anneke W.M. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
Entrustment has mainly been conceptualized as delegating discrete professional tasks. Because residents provide most of their patient care independently, not all resident performance is visible to supervisors; the entrustment process involves more than granting discrete tasks. This study explored how supervisors made entrustment decisions based on residents’ performance in a long-term family medicine training program.

Method
A qualitative nonparticipant observational study was conducted in 2014–2015 at competency-based family medicine residency programs in the Netherlands. Seven supervisor–resident pairs participated. During two days, one researcher observed first-year residents’ patient encounters, debriefing sessions, and supervisor-resident educational meetings and interviewed them separately afterwards. Data were collected and analyzed using iterative, phenomenological inductive research methodology.

Results
The entrustment process developed over three phases. Supervisors based their initial entrustment on prior knowledge about the resident. In the ensuing two weeks, entrustment decisions regarding independent patient care were derived from residents’ observed general competencies necessary for a range of health problems (clinical reasoning, decision making, relating to patients); medical knowledge and skills; and supervisors’ intuition. Supervisors provided supervision during and after encounters. Once residents performed independently, supervisors kept reevaluating their decisions, informed by residents’ overall growth in competencies rather than by adhering to a predefined set of tasks.

Conclusions
Supervisors in family medicine residency training took a holistic approach to trust, based on general competencies, knowledge, skills, and intuition. Entrustment started before training and developed over time. Building trust is a mutual process between supervisor and resident, requiring a good working relationship.