bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Analysis of Cisplatin Nephrotoxicity in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer Receiving Outpatient Treatment With Concurrent High-dose Cisplatin and Radiotherapy
Authors: Faig Jennifer , Haughton Michael , Taylor Richard C. , D’Agostino Ralph B. , Whelen Megan J. , Porosnicu Rodriguez Kori A. , Bonomi Marcelo , Murea Mariana , Porosnicu Mercedes 
Published: June 2016

Objectives:
Cisplatin remains the pivotal chemotherapy in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), with nephrotoxicity considered the dose-limiting toxicity. The purpose of our study was to propose an outpatient high-dose cisplatin protocol aimed at preventing nephrotoxicity and to analyze the results of its utilization in patients with SCCHN treated with concurrent radiotherapy.

Materials and Methods:
We retrospectively evaluated 82 SCCHN patients treated with outpatient high-dose cisplatin concurrent with radiotherapy at our institution. Acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease were defined by Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. Associated factors were identified using analysis of covariance models for categorical variables and adjusted Pearson correlations for continuous variables.

Results:
The incidence of AKI during treatment was 34.2%. With a median follow-up of 25.7 months, the average decrease in estimated glomerular filtration rate was 12.57 mL/min/1.73 m2 (SD=18.58). At 1 year and at last follow-up, 5.4% and 4.4% of patients had estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Predictors associated with AKI and chronic kidney disease were: lower baseline weight and creatinine, higher baseline creatinine clearance, smoking, female sex, African American race, hypertension, and increased hydration and magnesium replacement requirements.

Conclusions:
We encountered limited early and late nephrotoxicity. Importantly, nephrotoxicity was not the main dose-limiting toxicity. Our results emphasize the importance of close monitoring and additional replacement of water and electrolytes as needed. A consistent method of measuring and reporting chemotherapy-induced nephrotoxicity would be a valuable contribution to the literature.
Real-Time Indocyanine Green Fluorescence Imaging–Guided Complete Mesocolic Excision in Laparoscopic Flexural Colon Cancer Surgery
Authors: Watanabe Jun , Ota Mitsuyoshi , Suwa Yusuke , Ishibe Atsushi , Masui Hidenobu , Nagahori Kaoru 
Published: June 2016

INTRODUCTION:
Laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer located in the hepatic flexure or splenic flexure is not standardized, because lymphatic drainage at this site may vary and the precise site of lymphatic dissection is uncertain.

TECHNIQUE:
Indocyanine green was injected into the submucosal layer around the tumor at 2 points with a 23-gauge localized injection before lymph node dissection and the lymph flow was observed using a near-infrared camera system 30 minutes after injection. In addition, a complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation guided the region where the lymph flow was fluorescently observed.

RESULTS:
A total of 20 consecutive patients (hepatic flexure, 10 patients; splenic flexure, 10 patients) were enrolled in this study. All of the procedures were safely performed without any complications. The lymph flow was visualized in 19 patients (95%) intraoperatively. Modification of the operative methods was required for 5 patients (modification in the separation line of the mesocolon and vessel selection for central vascular ligation) because the area of lymph flow observed during surgery differed from that of the preoperative diagnosis.

CONCLUSION:
Intraoperative real-time visualization of the lymph flow using indocyanine green fluorescence imaging during laparoscopic colon cancer surgery, especially flexural colon cancer surgery, is feasible and a helpful technique for identifying appropriate central vessels to be dissected and for determining an appropriate separation line of the mesentery.
Colorectal Surgery Outcomes in Chronic Dialysis Patients
Authors: Sirany Anne-Marie E. , Chow Christopher J. , Kunitake Hiroko , Madoff Robert D. , Rothenberger David A. , Kwaan Mary R. 
Published: June 2016

BACKGROUND:
More than 450,000 US patients with end-stage renal disease currently dialyze. The risk of morbidity and mortality for these patients after colorectal surgery has been incompletely described.

OBJECTIVE:
We analyzed the 30-day morbidity and mortality rates of chronic dialysis patients who underwent colorectal surgery.

DESIGN:
This was a retrospective analysis.

SETTINGS:
Hospitals that participate in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program were included.

PATIENTS:
The study included adult patients who underwent emergency or elective colon or rectal resection between 2009 and 2014.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:
Baseline characteristics were compared by dialysis status. The impact of chronic dialysis on 30-day mortality and serious postoperative morbidity was examined using multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTS:
We identified 128,757 patients who underwent colorectal surgery in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Chronic dialysis patients accounted for 1% (n = 1285) and were more likely to be older (65.4 vs 63.2 years; p < 0.0001), black (27.2% vs 8.7%; p < 0.0001), preoperatively septic (22.1% vs 7.1%; p < 0.0001), require emergency surgery (52.0% vs 14.7%; p < 0.0001), have ischemic bowel (15.7% vs 1.6%; p < 0.0001), or have perforation/peritonitis (15.5% vs 4.2%; p < 0.0001). Chronic dialysis patients were also less likely to have a laparoscopic procedure (17.3% vs 45.0%; p < 0.0001). Chronic dialysis patients had higher unadjusted mortality (22.4% vs 3.3%; p < 0.0001), serious postoperative morbidity (47.9% vs 18.8%; p < 0.0001), and median length of stay (9 vs 6 days; p < 0.0001). In emergent cases (n = 19,375), multivariate logistic regression models demonstrated a higher risk of mortality for dialysis patients (OR = 1.73 (95% CI, 1.38–2.16)) but not for serious morbidity. Models for elective surgery demonstrated a similar effect on mortality (OR = 2.47 (95% CI, 1.75–3.50)) but also demonstrated a higher risk of serious morbidity (OR = 1.28 (95% CI, 1.04–1.56)).

LIMITATIONS:
The postoperative 30-day window may underestimate the true incidence of serious morbidity and mortality.

CONCLUSIONS:
Chronic dialysis patients undergoing elective or emergent colorectal procedures have a higher risk-adjusted mortality.
Repair of Fingertip Defect Using an Anterograde Pedicle Flap Based on the Dorsal Perforator
Authors: Wei Peng , Chen Weiwei , Mei Jin , Ding Maochao , Yu Yaling , Xi Shanshan , Zhou Renpeng , Tang Maolin 
Published: June 2016

Background:
The purposes of this article are to introduce and assess the results of a long-term follow-up of using anterograde pedicle flap based on the dorsal branches of proper digital neurovascular bundles from the dorsum of the middle phalanx for the fingertip defect.

Methods:
Between February 2011 and December 2012, 31 patients underwent reconstruction of fingertip defects using a homodigital flap based on the dorsal perforator in the middle phalanx. The defect size ranged from 1.3 cm × 1.5 cm to 2.4 cm × 3.0 cm. During surgery, the flap was designed on the dorsal middle phalangeal region. The pedicle was a neurovascular bundle consisting of an artery, vein, and sensory nerve; the rotation of pedicle was <90 degrees.

Results:
The clinical results were satisfactory after 3 to 9 months of follow-up. The flaps were considered cosmetically acceptable by both patients and doctors. The sensory recovery was excellent, 2-point discrimination was 4.96 ± 1.47 mm, and the recovery of range of motion of the interphalangeal joints was very good.

Conclusions:
The anterograde island flap based on the dorsal branches of proper digital neurovascular bundles is an ideal aesthetic reconstruction method for fingertip defect. A 90-degree rotated island pedicle flap was very versatile, easy to design, and had good survival. This technique is simple with less damage to the donor site, without sacrificing the branch of the digital artery and nerve. The reliable source of blood supply and satisfactory recovery of sensation can be achieved without affecting the interphalangeal joint activity.
INTRAVITREAL TRIAMCINOLONE IN SUSAC SYNDROME
Authors: Yepez Juan B. , Murati Felipe A. , Pettito Michele , Arevalo J. Fernando 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:
To report the use of intravitreal triamcinolone for Susac Syndrome in one patient.

Methods:
Case report.

Results:
A 23-year-old woman presented with presented with sudden visual loss in the left eye with associated neurologic symptoms. Ophthalmic examination and fluorescein angiography showed multiple areas of branch retinal artery occlusion, bilaterally. Magnetic resonance imaging showed dot-like, diffusion-restricted lesions in the corpus callosum, and audiometry showed low-frequency sensory hearing loss, compatible with Susac Syndrome. The patient received a single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone (4 mg) in the left eye. One week later, before beginning systemic corticosteroids, all signs and symptoms resolved in the left eye only.

Conclusion:
In cases of delayed systemic corticosteroid therapy, intravitreal triamcinolone resolves the ocular manifestations of Susac Syndrome.
RITONAVIR-ASSOCIATED TOXICITY MIMICKING RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA IN AN HIV-INFECTED PATIENT ON HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY
Authors: Papavasileiou Evangelia , Younis Saad , Zygoura Vasiliki , Quijano Claudia , Jackson Timothy L. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:
To report ritonavir-associated retinal pigment epithelium toxicity in a patient infected with the HIV on highly active antiretroviral therapy including ritonavir.

Methods:
Retrospective single case report. The authors describe a case of gradual onset of blurry vision in both eyes in an HIV-positive male. Visual acuity, clinical examination findings, and functional testing (electroretinogram and Goldmann perimetry) were reviewed. Diagnostic imaging, including fundus photography, spectral domain optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, and fundus autofluorescence were assessed.

Results:
59-year-old HIV-infected male, treated with ritonavir for eight years, presented with a history of decreased night vision and peripheral field loss. Ophthalmologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of retinal toxicity. Goldmann perimetry showed areas of central and para-central scotomas. Electroretinograms demonstrated mild to moderate photoreceptor dysfunction. Fundus examination revealed a diffuse pattern of retinal pigment epithelium mottling in both eyes. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography confirmed the presence of choroidal thinning, whereas fundus autofluorescence showed mottled hypoautofluorescence.

Conclusion:
Although ritonavir-associated retinal toxicity is clinically uncommon, the clinical features of our findings support this diagnosis. Consideration of highly active antiretroviral therapy–associated retinal toxicity should be given to the differential diagnosis in HIV-positive patients with retinopathy of unclear etiology. This report also highlights the need for constant monitoring of patients using the ritonavir for early detection of possible retinal toxicity.
A Pilot Evaluation Assessing the Ease of Use and Accuracy of the New Self/Home-Tonometer IcareHOME in Healthy Young Subjects
Authors: Noguchi Asuka , Nakakura Shunsuke , Fujio Yuki , Fukuma Yasuko , Mori Etsuko , Tabuchi Hitoshi , Kiuchi Yoshiaki 
Published: June 2016

Purpose:
We investigated the ease of use and accuracy of a new self/home-tonometer (IcareHOME) versus Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and the Icare tonometer (Icare) by measuring the diurnal intraocular pressure (IOP).

Patients and Methods:
The right eyes of 43 healthy young subjects were studied. The IOP was measured using the IcareHOME, GAT, and Icare 6 times a day, every 2 hours, from 8:00 to 18:00. The coincidence of the diurnal curves among all tonometers was analyzed using a linear mixed model. The intradevice and interdevice agreement was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and Bland-Altman method. The subjects’ perception of the IcareHOME was evaluated using a questionnaire.

Results:
The liner mixed model showed similar diurnal IOP curves for all tonometers (P=0.543); however, significant differences were observed between the tonometers over time (P<0.001). The intradevice repeatability was ICC>0.8 among all tonometers, although the interdevice agreement was lowest between the IcareHOME and GAT (ICC=0.641). The IOP values were significantly lower for the IcareHOME than for the GAT at 12:00, 16:00, and 18:00 (P<0.05, Tukey-Kramer test). The mean differences between the Icare and IcareHOME and GAT and IcareHOME were 0.83 and 1.03 mm Hg, respectively (95% limit of agreement: −4.17 to 5.84 mm Hg and −3.91 to 5.98 mm Hg, respectively). Regarding the subjects’ perception of handling the IcareHOME, 17 (39.5%) subjects answered “easy to use,” 20 (46.5%) answered “normal,” and six (13.9%) answered “difficult to use.”

Conclusions:
The IcareHOME can be used as a self/home-tonometer; however, it may result in lower IOP values.
Safety of Intravenous Methamphetamine Administration During Ibudilast Treatment
Authors: DeYoung Dustin Z. , Heinzerling Keith G. , Swanson Aimee-Noelle , Tsuang John , Furst Benjamin A. , Yi Yi , Wu Ying Nian , Moody David E. , Andrenyak David M. , Shoptaw Steven J. 
Published: June 2016

Background
Methamphetamine dependence is a significant public health concern without any approved medications for treatment. We evaluated ibudilast, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, to assess the safety and tolerability during intravenous methamphetamine administration. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subjects crossover clinical trial.

Methods
Participants received ibudilast (20 mg twice daily followed by 50 mg twice daily) and placebo, with order determined by randomization, and then underwent intravenous methamphetamine challenges (15 and 30 mg). We monitored cardiovascular effects, methamphetamine pharmacokinetics, and reported adverse events.

Results
Ibudilast treatment had similar rates of adverse events compared with placebo, and there was no significant augmentation of cardiovascular effects of methamphetamine. Pharmacokinetic analysis revealed no clinically significant change in maximum concentration or half-life of methamphetamine with ibudilast.

Conclusions
Methamphetamine administration during ibudilast treatment was well tolerated without additive cardiovascular effects or serious adverse events, providing initial safety data to pursue ibudilast's effectiveness for the treatment of methamphetamine dependence.
Burden of disease and increasing prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease in a population-based cohort in the Netherlands
Authors: de Groof E. Joline , Rossen Noortje G.M. , van Rhijn Bram D. , Karregat Evert P.M. , Boonstra Kirsten , Hageman Ishtu , Bennebroek Evertsz Floor , Kingma Paul J. , Naber Anton H.J. , van den Brande Jan H.M. , Mallant-Hent Rosalie C. , Mundt Marco W. , D’Haens Geert R.A.M. , Ponsioen Cyriel Y. 
Published: June 2016

Background
Reported epidemiology and phenotype distributions vary widely and disease burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is poorly described. Our aim was to establish these features in a population-based cohort covering 319 976 inhabitants. Furthermore, differences between tertiary referral and peripheral hospital patients were quantified.

Methods
IBD patients in the adherence area of three peripheral hospitals (2004–2012) were included. Medical and surgical treatment data were obtained. Quality of life and disease activity were evaluated. An outpatient cohort from a tertiary referral centre was accrued.

Results
A total of 1461 patients were included: 761 (52.1%) with ulcerative colitis (UC), 579 (39.5%) with Crohn’s disease (CD) and 121 (8.3%) with IBD-unspecified. Point prevalence of IBD was 432.1 per 100 000 inhabitants in 2010, which increased significantly over time, P-value of less than 0.0001. The mean annual incidence was 17.2 for UC, 10.5 for CD and 2.2 for IBD-unspecified. Tertiary referral Crohn’s patients used thiopurines and biological therapy and underwent surgery significantly more often than patients in peripheral hospitals (P<0.0001). Disease activity correlated negatively with quality of life (P<0.0001) in UC and CD.

Conclusion
The prevalence of IBD is still increasing. Burden of disease was significantly more severe, mainly in Crohn’s patients, in the referral centre, highlighting the importance of population-based studies to accurately describe phenotype distribution and disease burden.
Sodium Intake Requirements for Preterm Neonates
Authors: Bischoff Adrianne R. , Tomlinson Christopher , Belik Jaques 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTIt is widely accepted that sodium is an essential nutritional electrolyte and its deficiency is associated with neurological sequelae and poor growth. The provision of an adequate sodium intake to preterm neonates is hampered by the technical difficulty in clinically assessing total body sodium content. As addressed in this review, there is a lack of consensus on the definition of hyponatremia early in life, but there is no evidence that it should deviate from the widely accepted normative data for adult subjects. A low urinary sodium content is accepted by many as reflecting total body sodium deficiency, yet spot urinary sodium measurements are of questionable clinical value. The hormonal regulation of sodium homeostasis is here reviewed and the mechanism accounting for sodium deficiency–induced growth impairment in preterm infants addressed. Lastly, we provide evidence‐based gestational and postnatal age‐dependent recommendations for the provision of adequate sodium intake to preterm neonates.
Lactulose Breath Test Gas Production in Childhood IBS Is Associated With Intestinal Transit and Bowel Movement Frequency
Authors: Chumpitazi Bruno P. , Weidler Erica M. , Shulman Robert J. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTObjectives:In adults with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), bacterial gas production (colonic fermentation) is related to both symptom generation and intestinal transit. Whether gas production affects symptom generation, psychosocial distress, or intestinal transit in childhood IBS is unknown.Methods:Children (ages 7–17 years) with pediatric Rome III IBS completed validated psychosocial questionnaires and a 2‐week daily diary capturing pain and stooling characteristics. Stool form determined IBS subtype. Subjects then completed a 3‐hour lactulose breath test for measurement of total breath hydrogen and methane production. Carmine red was used to determine whole intestinal transit time.Results:A total of 87 children (mean age 13 ± 2.6 [standard deviation] years) were enrolled, of whom 50 (57.5%) were girls. All children produced hydrogen and 51 (58.6%) produced methane. Hydrogen and methane production did not correlate with either abdominal pain frequency/severity or psychosocial distress. Hydrogen and methane production did not differ significantly by IBS subtype. Methane production correlated positively with whole intestinal transit time (r = 0.31, P < 0.005) and inversely with bowel movement frequency (r = −0.245, P < 0.05). Methane production (threshold 3 ppm) as a marker for identifying IBS‐C had a sensitivity of 60% and specificity of 42.9%.Conclusions:Lactulose breath test total methane production may serve as a biomarker of whole intestinal transit time and bowel movement frequency in children with IBS. In children with IBS, lactulose breath test hydrogen and methane production did not, however, correlate with abdominal pain, IBS subtype, or psychosocial distress.
Eye Movements and Road Hazard Detection: Effects of Blur and Distractors
Authors: Lee Samantha Sze-Yee , Black Alex A. , Lacherez Philippe , Wood Joanne M. 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACT

Purpose
To examine the effects of optical blur, auditory distractors, and age on eye movement patterns while performing a driving hazard perception test (HPT).

Methods
Twenty young (mean age 27.1 ± 4.6 years) and 20 older (73.3 ± 5.7 years) drivers with normal vision completed a HPT in a repeated-measures counterbalanced design while their eye movements were recorded. Testing was performed under two visual (best-corrected vision and with +2.00DS blur) and two distractor (with and without auditory distraction) conditions. Participants were required to respond to road hazards appearing in the HPT videos of real-world driving scenes and their hazard response times were recorded.

Results
Blur and distractors each significantly delayed hazard response time by 0.42 and 0.76 s, respectively (p < 0.05). A significant interaction between age and distractors indicated that older drivers were more affected by distractors than young drivers (response with distractors delayed by 0.96 and 0.60 s, respectively). There were no other two- or three-way interaction effects on response time. With blur, for example, both groups fixated significantly longer on hazards before responding compared to best-corrected vision. In the presence of distractors, both groups exhibited delayed first fixation on the hazards and spent less time fixating on the hazards. There were also significant differences in eye movement characteristics between groups, where older drivers exhibited smaller saccades, delayed first fixation on hazards, and shorter fixation duration on hazards compared to the young drivers.

Conclusions
Collectively, the findings of delayed hazard response times and alterations in eye movement patterns with blur and distractors provide further evidence that visual impairment and distractors are independently detrimental to driving safety given that delayed hazard response times are linked to increased crash risk.
Nosocomial influenza: encouraging insights and future challenges
Authors: Vanhems Philippe , Bénet Thomas , Munier-Marion Elodie 
Published: June 2016

Purpose of review
The prevalence and incidence of viral nosocomial influenza infections in healthcare settings are underestimated. Nosocomial influenza outbreaks are frequent, and control remains challenging in acute care and long-term healthcare settings. This review examines recent publications on the determinants of nosocomial influenza prevention and control.

Recent findings
Nosocomial influenza outbreaks occur in various healthcare settings, especially among the frail and elderly. The correct diagnosis is commonly missed because a substantial proportion of asymptomatic cases can transmit infections. Rapid diagnosis will facilitate rapid identification of cases and the implementation of control measures but needs confirmation in some circumstances, such as the description of transmission chains. Links between patients and healthcare personnel (HCP) have been well explored by phylogenetic virus characterization and need additional refinement and study. The preventive role of HCP vaccination in influenza incidence among patients should be investigated further in various settings to take into account different strategies for vaccination (i.e. voluntary or mandatory vaccination policies). Indeed, in Europe, influenza vaccination remains modest, whereas in North America hospitals and some states and provinces are now mandating influenza vaccination among HCP. The variability of vaccine effectiveness by seasonal epidemics is also an important consideration for control strategies.

Summary
When influenza cases occur in the community, the risk of transmission and nosocomial cases increase in healthcare settings requiring vigilance among staff. Surveillance and early warning systems should be encouraged. Outbreak control needs appropriate identification of cases and transmission chains, and rapid implementation of control measures. Vaccination policies in conjunction with appropriate infection control measures could reduce virus spreading in hospitals. HCP vaccination coverage must be improved.