bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chiral Gold Nanoclusters: Atomic Level Origins of Chirality
Authors: Zeng Chenjie , Jin Rongchao 
Published: June 2017

AbstractChiral nanomaterials have received wide interest in many areas, but the exact origin of chirality at the atomic level remains elusive in many cases. With recent significant progress in atomically precise gold nanoclusters (e.g., thiolate‐protected Aun(SR)m), several origins of chirality have been unveiled based upon atomic structures determined by using single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography. The reported chiral Aun(SR)m structures explicitly reveal a predominant origin of chirality that arises from the Au–S chiral patterns at the metal–ligand interface, as opposed to the chiral arrangement of metal atoms in the inner core (i.e. kernel). In addition, chirality can also be introduced by a chiral ligand, manifested in the circular dichroism response from metal‐based electronic transitions other than the ligand's own transition(s). Lastly, the chiral arrangement of carbon tails of the ligands has also been discovered in a very recent work on chiral Au133(SR)52 and Au246(SR)80 nanoclusters. Overall, the origins of chirality discovered in Aun(SR)m nanoclusters may provide models for the understanding of chirality origins in other types of nanomaterials and also constitute the basis for the development of various applications of chiral nanoparticles.
A highly sensitive sensor for ethyl acetate by changing fluorescent colour of lanthanide complex
Authors: Zhao Lina 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA lanthanide complex, namely, [La2(L‐DBTA)3 (CH3OH)2(H2O)2]∙2H2O has been synthesized using a simple reaction of L‐O,O´‐dibenzoyl tartaric acid with LaCl3∙6H2O under ambient temperature. The luminescence spectrum in the solid state at room temperature revealed that the complex exhibited blue‐light emission that originated from ligand. In addition, the lanthanide complex is developed as a fluorescent probe for sensing small molecules. Luminescence studies reveal that the lanthanide complex could detect ethyl acetate sensitively through fluorescence colour change from blue to yellow. Furthermore, the complex exhibited appealing features including high sensitivity and an ultrafast response.
Synthesis and luminescence of novel near‐infrared emitting BaZrSi3O9:Cr3+ phosphors
Authors: Wu Xuanmin , Xu Dandan , Li Wanwen , Wang Ting , Cao Liwei , Meng JianXin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe BaZrSi3O9:Cr3+ phosphors were prepared by a high temperature solid state method. Their structures were confirmed with XRD and their luminescence properties were investigated. Under excitation at 455 nm, BaZrSi3O9:Cr3+ phosphors exhibited a broad near infrared emission band peaked at 800 nm, which was assigned to the 4T2→4A2 transition of Cr3+. The near infrared emission intensity reached a maximum at Cr3+ concentration of 0.7%. There was a concentration quenching phenomenon of Cr3+ in BaZrSi3O9 matrix and the corresponding concentration quenching mechanism was investigated. With efficient near infrared emission in the range of 700–1000 nm, BaZrSi3O9:Cr3+ phosphors may find applications in solar energy conversion.
Target‐directed Dynamic Combinatorial Chemistry: A Study on Potentials and Pitfalls as Exemplified on a Bacterial Target
Authors: Frei Priska , Pang Lijuan , Silbermann Marleen , Eriş Deniz , Mühlethaler Tobias , Schwardt Oliver , Ernst Beat 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTarget‐directed dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) is an emerging technique for the efficient identification of inhibitors of pharmacologically relevant targets. In this contribution, we present an application for a bacterial target, the lectin FimH, a crucial virulence factor of uropathogenic E. coli being the main cause of urinary tract infections. A small dynamic library of acylhydrazones was formed from aldehydes and hydrazides and equilibrated at neutral pH in presence of aniline as nucleophilic catalyst. The major success factors turned out to be an accordingly adjusted ratio of scaffolds and fragments, an adequate sample preparation prior to HPLC analysis, and the data processing. Only then did the ranking of the dynamic library constituents correlate well with affinity data. Furthermore, as a support of DCC applications especially to larger libraries, a new protocol for improved hit identification was established.
A Secondary Structural Element in a Wide Range of Fucosylated Glycoepitopes
Authors: Aeschbacher Thomas , Zierke Mirko , Smieško Martin , Collot Mayeul , Mallet Jean‐Maurice , Ernst Beat , Allain Frédéric H.‐T. , Schubert Mario 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe increasing understanding of the essential role of carbohydrates in development, and in a wide range of diseases fuels a rapidly growing interest in the basic principles governing carbohydrate‐protein interactions. A still heavily debated issue regarding the recognition process is the degree of flexibility or rigidity of oligosaccharides. Combining NMR structure determination based on extensive experimental data with DFT and database searches, we have identified a set of trisaccharide motifs with a similar conformation that is characterized by a non‐conventional C−H⋅⋅⋅O hydrogen bond. These motifs are present in numerous classes of oligosaccharides, found in everything from bacteria to mammals, including Lewis blood group antigens but also unusual motifs from amphibians and marine invertebrates. The set of trisaccharide motifs can be summarized with the consensus motifs X‐β1,4‐[Fucα1,3]‐Y and X‐β1,3‐[Fucα1,4]‐Y—a secondary structure we name [3,4]F‐branch. The wide spectrum of possible modifications of this scaffold points toward a large variety of glycoepitopes, which nature generated using the same underlying architecture.
A Target‐Directed Chemo‐Photothermal System Based on Transferrin and Copolymer‐Modified MoS2 Nanoplates with pH‐Activated Drug Release
Authors: Zhang Aitang , Li Aihua , Tian Wenxue , Li Zichao , Wei Chen , Sun Yong , Zhao Wei , Liu Mengli , Liu Jingquan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMolybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanosheets have attracted significant attention due to their photothermal properties, but the poor solubility and colloidal stability limited their further application in biomedical field. Here, we report a targeted photothermal controllable nanocarrier consisting of MoS2 nanosheets modified with block copolymer P(OEG‐A)‐b‐P(VBA‐co‐KH570) and targeting ligand transferrin. P(OEG‐A)‐b‐P(VBA‐co‐KH570) is synthesized by RAFT polymerization and utilized not only to improve the solubility of MoS2 nanosheets but also efficiently load the anti‐cancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) through an acid‐cleavable Schiff base linker. Thiol‐functionalized transferrin (Tf‐SH) is anchored onto the surface of MoS2 nanosheets by the formation of disulfide bonds, which could further enhance the cellular uptake of DOX and MoS2 to HepG2 cells for high‐efficiency synergetic therapy. The drug release experiments exhibited the minimal release of DOX at room temperature and neutral pH, and the maximal drug release of 53 % at acidic tumor pH and hyperthermia condition after 48 h. In addition, the DOX‐loaded, Tf‐SH and P(OEG‐A)‐b‐P(VBA‐co‐KH570) modified MoS2 (DOX‐POVK‐MoS2‐Tf) showed better a therapeutic effect than DOX‐POVK‐MoS2 and POVK‐MoS2, probably owing to the combined effects of target‐directed uptake, acid‐triggered drug release, and NIR induced localized heating, which suggest the designed MoS2 nanocarriers are promising for applications in multi‐modal cancer therapy.
Left ventricular‐only pacing in heart failure patients with normal atrioventricular conduction improves global function and left ventricular regional mechanics compared with biventricular pacing: an adaptive cardiac resynchronization therapy sub‐study
Authors: Burns Kevin V. , Gage Ryan M. , Curtin Antonia E. , Gorcsan John , Bank Alan J. 
Published: June 2017

AimsRight ventricular (RV) pacing can impair left ventricular (LV) function. When timed with native RV activation, LV‐only pacing may cause greater improvements in LV function than biventricular pacing. This study compared the chronic effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on LV mechanics between biventricular pacing and LV‐only pacing in patients with normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction.Methods and resultsThe Adaptive CRT (aCRT) algorithm provides LV‐only pacing timed with native RV activation when the AV interval is normal (≤200 ms during sinus rhythm). We studied patients from the aCRT trial with normal AV conduction at their baseline visit and compared changes in cardiac function after 12 months of treatment with conventional biventricular or mostly (≥80%) LV‐only pacing. Speckle tracking echocardiography was used to assess LV myocardial strain before and after treatment. Despite similar improvements in Packer's clinical composite scores and LV volumes, LV‐only paced patients (n = 70) had a greater improvement in LV ejection fraction (8.5 ± 11.3% vs. 5.5 ± 10.3%, P = 0.038) and global LV radial strain (6.3 ± 8.6% vs. 4.0 ± 10.1%, P = 0.046) than those randomized to biventricular pacing (n = 91). Strain was improved to a greater extent near the RV pacing lead, in septal and apical regions (P < 0.05 for both regions), in patients receiving LV‐only pacing.ConclusionIn heart failure patients with normal AV conduction, LV‐only pacing timed with native RV activation may result in greater improvements in LV ejection fraction and myocardial strain compared with biventricular pacing due to better apical and septal function.
Electrochemical Determination of Label Free BRCA Hybridization by Single Use Antioxidant Modified Electrode
Authors: Muti Merve , Muti Mihrican 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA novel DNA probe based on caffeic acid modified disposable pencil graphite electrodes were developed for the first time for the electrochemical determination of breast cancer gene sequence (BRCA) hybridization. Amino‐linked BRCA probe highly immobilized onto the caffeic acid modified electrode by means of the interaction between the amino group of BRCA probe and the carboxyl group of caffeic acid compared to the bare electrode. 44 % signal enhancement in guanine oxidation signal was measured by caffeic acid modified electrode. Besides, these probes exhibited high selectivity towards its complementary DNA sequences (target). Hybridization between probe and target (BRCA1) was studied to evaluate the selectivity of the probes for complementary, non‐complementary and mismatch sequences. The selectivity was also tested in the presence of mixture containing the target and one base mismatch BRCA sequences in the same ratio (1 : 1). It can be said this probe can select its complementary from the mixture.
Carbon Nanotubes Heavy Metal Detection with Stripping Voltammetry: A Review Paper
Authors: Wang Tingting , Yue Wei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe challenge of heavy metal detection for environmental, industrial and medical purposes has led to the development of many analytical techniques. Stripping voltammetry is a very sensitive electrochemical method and has been widely used for heavy metal detection. Carbon nanotubes, a well‐studied carbon material with physical and chemical properties suited for electrode material is commonly employed for sensitive and selective metal detection in electrochemistry. This article reviews the recent (2011–2016) applications of carbon nanotubes as an electrode or electrode surface modifier for heavy metals detection with stripping voltammetry.
Exergy analysis and economic evaluation of the steam superheat utilization using regenerative turbine in ultra‐supercritical power plants under design/off‐design conditions
Authors: Luyao Zhou , Cheng Xu , Gang Xu , Pu Bai , Yongping Yang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn order to effectively utilize the steam superheat of ultra‐supercritical power plants, a regenerative turbine (RT) system was proposed. In the RT system, a portion of the high‐pressure turbine exhaust steam is sent to an extra turbine termed as RT, and the extracted steam of several regenerative heaters (RHs) would be extracted from the RT instead of the intermediate‐pressure turbine. The superheat degree of related extracted steam would decrease and the exergy destruction of the heat transfer process in RHs would be reduced. Thermodynamic and economic analyses of the RT system in a typical 1000 MW power plant were carried out. The results showed that the heat consumption rate would be reduced as compared to the conventional configuration. When the RT isentropic efficiency is set to 85%, the heat consumption rate of the RT system could decrease by 46.9 kJ/kWh as compared to that of the reference system without RT under design condition. The heat consumption rate decrement will be greater with higher RT isentropic efficiency. Meanwhile, thermodynamic analysis of the RT system under off‐design condition showed that the energy saving effect of the RT system would be decreased when the design conditions are no longer met. The exergy analysis showed that the total exergy destruction decrement of related RHs in the RT system decreases as the load drops down. Moreover, the economic analysis revealed that the net economic benefit of the RT system could reach 0.57 M$ per year, and would perform economically within a wide range fluctuations of power market conditions.
Effect of different home‐cooking methods on textural and nutritional properties of sweet potato genotypes grown in temperate climate conditions
Authors: Nicoletto Carlo , Vianello Fabio , Sambo Paolo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe European Union (EU) market for sweet potato is small but is growing considerably and and has increased by 100% over the last 5 years. The cultivation of sweet potato in temperate climate conditions has not considered extensively and could be a new opportunity for the EU market. Healthy and qualitative traits of different sweet potato cultivars grown in temperate climate conditions were evaluated in accordance with four cooking methods.RESULTSTraditional cultivars showed high hardness and adhesiveness values. The highest concentrations of sugars (especially maltose) and phenolic acids (caffeic and chlorogenic) were found in samples treated by boiling and steaming. High antioxidant activity was found in fried potatoes. Qualitative traits of sweet potatoes treated by microwaves did not report any significant variation compared to the control.CONCLUSIONTraditional and new sweet potato cultivars can be cultivated in temperate climate conditions and show interesting qualitative properties, especially as a result of the presence of antioxidant compounds. Concerning global quality, colored varieties expressed a better profile than traditional Italian ones and they are suitable for the European market, giving new opportunities for consumers and producers. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Planktotrons: A novel indoor mesocosm facility for aquatic biodiversity and food web research
Authors: Gall Andrea , Uebel Udo , Ebensen Uwe , Hillebrand Helmut , Meier Sandra , Singer Gabriel , Wacker Alexander , Striebel Maren 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe established a new indoor mesocosm facility, 12 fully controlled “Planktotrons”, designed to conduct marine and freshwater experiments for biodiversity and food web approaches using natural or artificial, benthic or planktonic communities. The Planktotrons are a unique and custom‐tailored facility allowing long‐term experiments. Wall growth can be inhibited by a rotating gate paddle with silicone lips. Additionally, temperature and light intensity are individually controllable for each Planktotron and the large volume (600 L) enables high‐frequency or volume‐intense measurements. In a pilot freshwater experiment various trophic levels of a pelagic food web were maintained for up to 90 d. First, an artificially assembled phytoplankton community of 11 species was inoculated in all Planktotrons. After 22 d, two ciliates were added to all, and three Daphnia species were added to six Planktotrons. After 72 d, dissolved organic matter (DOM, an alkaline soil extract) was added as an external disturbance to six of the 12 Planktotrons, involving three Planktotrons stocked with Daphnia and three without, respectively. We demonstrate the suitability of the Planktotrons for food web and biodiversity research. Variation among replicated Planktotrons (n = 3 minimum) did not differ from other laboratory systems and field experiments. We investigated population dynamics and interactions among the different trophic levels, and found them affected by the sequence of ciliate and Daphnia addition and the disturbance caused by addition of DOM.
Deep Brain Stimulation for the Dystonias: Evidence, Knowledge Gaps, and Practical Considerations
Authors: Reese René , Volkmann Jens 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundDeep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi‐DBS) is among the most effective treatment options for dystonias. Because the term “dystonia” is defined by a characteristic phenomenology of involuntary muscle contractions, which may present with a large clinical and pathogenetic heterogeneity, decision making for or against GPi‐DBS can be difficult in individual patients.MethodsA search of the PubMed database for research and review articles, focused on “deep brain stimulation” and “dystonia” was used to identify clinical trials and to determine current concepts in the surgical management of dystonia. Patient selection in previous studies was recategorized by the authors using the new dystonia classification put forward by a consensus committee of experts in dystonia research. The evidence and knowledge gaps are summarized and commented by the authors taking into account expert opinion and personal clinical experience for providing practical guidance in patient selection for DBS in dystonia.ResultsThe literature review shows that pallidal deep brain stimulation is most effective in patients with isolated dystonia irrespective of the underlying etiology. In contrast, patients with combined dystonias are less likely to benefit from DBS, because the associated neurological symptoms (e.g., hypotonia or ataxia), with the exception of myoclonus, do not respond to pallidal neurostimulation.ConclusionsIt is important to recognize the clinical features of dystonia, because the distinction between isolated and combined dystonia syndromes may predict the treatment response to pallidal deep brain stimulation. The aim of this review is to help guide clinicians with advising patients about deep brain stimulation therapy for dystonia and refering appropriate candidates to surgical centers.
Cardiac quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) for heart chamber oxygenation
Authors: Wen Yan , Nguyen Thanh D. , Liu Zhe , Spincemaille Pascal , Zhou Dong , Dimov Alexey , Kee Youngwook , Deh Kofi , Kim Jiwon , Weinsaft Jonathan W. , Wang Yi 
Published: June 2017

PurposeTo demonstrate the feasibility of in vivo quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) in cardiac MRI and to show that mixed‐venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) can be measured non‐invasively using QSM.MethodsElectrocardiographic‐gated multi‐echo 2D gradient echo data were collected at 1.5 T from 14 healthy volunteers during successive breath‐holds. Phase wraps and fat chemical shift were removed using a graph‐cut‐based phase analysis and IDEAL in an iterative approach. The large susceptibility range from air in the lungs to blood in the heart was addressed by using the preconditioning approach in the dipole field inversion. SvO2 was calculated based on the difference in blood susceptibility between the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV). Cardiac QSM quality was assessed by two independent readers.ResultsNine out of fourteen volunteers (64%) yielded interpretable cardiac QSM. QSM maps showed strong differential contrast between RV and LV blood with RV blood having higher susceptibility values (291.5 ± 32.4 ppb), which correspond to 78.3 ± 2.3% SvO2.ConclusionIn vivo cardiac QSM is feasible and can be used to measure SvO2, but improvements in data acquisition are needed. Magn Reson Med 79:1545–1552, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
A new reliability analysis method for repairable systems with multifunction modes based on goal‐oriented methodology
Authors: Yi Xiao‐jian , Shi Jian , Dhillon B.S. , Hou Peng , Lai Yue‐hua 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper proposes a new systematic reliability analysis method for repairable systems with multifunction modes based on the goal‐oriented (GO) method. First, we create a new function GO operator, a new logical GO operator, and a new auxiliary GO operator, deduce their GO operation formulas, and propose some new rules of the GO operation and an exact algorithm with shared signal of the GO method for such systems. Then, we formulate the analysis process of repairable systems with multifunction modes based on the new GO method. Finally, we apply this new GO methodology to reliability analysis of the control system for a heavy vehicle. To verify the feasibility, advantage, and reasonableness of the new GO methodology, we compare its analysis results with those of fault tree analysis and Monte Carlo simulation. We show that the proposed GO method has clear advantages in system reliability modeling and analysis. All in all, this study not only improves the theory of the GO method and widens its application but also provides a new approach for conducting reliability analysis of complex systems quickly and efficiently.
Estimation of plant species by classifying plants and leaves in combination
Authors: Dyrmann Mads , Christiansen Peter , Midtiby Henrik Skov 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInformation on which weed species are present within agricultural fields is a prerequisite when using robots for site‐specific weed management. This study proposes a method of improving robustness in shape‐based classifying of seedlings toward natural shape variations within each plant species. To do so, leaves are separated from plants and classified individually together with the classification of the whole plant. The classification is based on common, rotation‐invariant features. Based on previous classifications of leaves and plants, confidence in correct assignment is created for the plants and leaves, and this confidence is used to determine the species of the plant. By using this approach, the classification accuracy of eight plants species at early growth stages is increased from 93.9% to 96.3%.
Treatment of Breast Cancer-Related Lymphedema with Adipose-Derived Regenerative Cells and Fat Grafts: A Feasibility and Safety Study
Authors: Toyserkani Navid Mohamadpour , Jensen Charlotte Harken , Andersen Ditte Caroline , Sheikh Søren Paludan , Sørensen Jens Ahm 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
Breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) is a debilitating late complication with a lack of treatment opportunities. Recent studies have suggested that mesenchymal stromal cells can alleviate lymphedema. Herein, we report the results from the first human pilot study with freshly isolated adipose-derived regenerative cells (ADRC) for treating lymphedema with 6 months follow-up. Ten BCRL patients were included. ADRC was injected directly into the axillary region, which was combined with a scar-releasing fat graft procedure. Primary endpoints were change in arm volume. Secondary endpoints were change in patient reported outcome and safety. The study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02592213). During follow-up, a small volume reduction was noted but was not significant. Five patients reduced their use of conservative management. Patient-reported outcomes improved significantly over time. ADRCs were well tolerated and only minor transient adverse events related to liposuction were noted. In this pilot study, a single injection of ADRC improved lymphedema based on patient-reported outcome measures, and there were no serious adverse events in the 6 months follow-up period. In addition, half of the patients reduced their use of conservative management. ADRC therapy is a promising interventional therapy for alleviating lymphedema, but results need to be confirmed in randomized clinical trials.