bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application-optimised propulsion systems for energy-efficient operation
Authors: Kaul Stefan , Mertes Paul , Müller Lutz 
Published: August 2017

Today, optimal propellers are designed by using advanced numerical methods. Major revolutionary improvements cannot be expected. More essential are the design conditions and the optimal adaptation of the propulsion system according to the operational requirements. The selection and optimisation of the propulsion system based on a systematic analysis of the ship’s requirements and the operation profile are the prerequisites for reliable and energy-efficient propulsion. Solutions are presented, which accommodate these issues with a focus on steerable rudderpropellers. Considerations include the efficiency potential of the propulsor itself, optimisation of the engine propeller interaction, and optimisation of a demandresponsive energy supply. The propeller-thruster interaction is complex, but offers some potential for optimisation. Results of examinations show this. The power distribution between multiple propellers at high loads of limited propeller diameters increases the efficiency. This can be done by double-propeller systems like the SCHOTTEL TwinPropeller or by distributing the power on several thrusters. This distributed propulsion offers economic operation and an increased lifetime by means of the demandresponsive use of energy. An efficiency-optimized electric motor instead of the upper gear box reduces the mechanical losses in the case of diesel-electric propulsion. An example: the SCHOTTEL CombiDrive.
HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DENGAN STATUS GIZI MAHASISWA GIZI SEMESTER 3 STIKES PKU MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
Authors: Rahmawati Tuti 
Published: August 2017

Latar Belakang:.Status gizi merupakan keadaan seseorang yang diakibatkan oleh konsumsi, penyerapan dan penggunaan zat gizi makanan. Masa remaja merupakan masa perubahan yang dramatis dalam diri seseorang. Pertumbuhan pada usia anak yang relatif terjadi dengan kecepatan yang sama, secara mendadak meningkat saat memasuki usia remaja. Peningkatan pertumbuhan mendadak ini disertai dengan perubahan-perubahan hormonal, kognitif dan emosional. Semua perubahan ini membutuhkan zat gizi secara khusus.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan asupan zat gizi dengan status gizi mahasiswa Program Studi Gizi semester 3 STIKES PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Metode Penelitian: Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional. Jumlah responden penelitian ini adalah 40 orang. Pengambilan data asupan makan menggunakan metode recall 24 jam selama 3 hari berturut-turut. Penentuan status gizi diperoleh dari parameter IMT (Indeks Massa Tubuh) dari pengukuran berat badan dalam kg dibagi dengan tinggi badan kuadrat dalam meter. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Pearson Product Moment.Hasil: Hasil uji statistik menunjukan tidak ada hubungan asupan energi dengan status gizi ( P = 0,227), tidak ada hubungan asupan protein dengan status gizi (P = 0,162), tidak ada hubungan asupan lemak dengan status gizi (P =0.218) dan tidak ada hubungan asupan karbohidrat dengan status gizi ( P =0.634). Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan asupan zat gizi (energi, protein, lemak dan karbohidrat) dengan status gizi mahasiswa gizi semester 3 STIKES PKU Muhammadiyah Surakarta.Kata Kunci : Asupan Energi, Protein, Lemak, Karbohidrat, Status Gizi.
A Study on Students’ Attitude Towards BBA Program at Janapriya Multiple Campus
Authors: Palikhe Amin , Adhikari Nabin Bahadur 
Published: August 2017

Under the study on the students’ attitude towards BBA program at JMC is to study of macro level perspective of BBA program. This research article is based on primary and secondary data including 153 sampling and purposive with descriptive research designs. This program is student centered so that students’ participation is important to achieve the objective of the program. This study shows that political situation including environmental factors is major role to play for the effectiveness of BBA program. This is competitive program, immediately applicable, not use for every social group even though it is learn for being a good businessman, entrepreneur and development, being a middle level manager in the competitive world by using creative mind of the students. Need and use of different pedagogies, language efficiency and use and problems regarding to program and campus’s perception are disclosed in here. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 21-28
Role of Tax Revenue to Strengthen of Pokhara Sub-Metropolitan Corporation
Authors: Sharma Devilal 
Published: August 2017

After the restoration of the democracy in Nepal, the demand for spending up decentralization process has been gained ground. As a result of increasingly assertive role of stakeholders, the enactment of local self-governance Act (LSGA), 1999 in line with 9th plan, objective had been achieved providing the base for further promotion of decentralization framework in the country. Municipal financing is new concept in Nepal. Municipal financing indicates the study of various sources of revenue (both internal and external) and their collection, allocation, mobilization and utilization of those resource in such a manner that ultimate municipal goal can be achieved through it. For sustainable development effort conducted by local government to realized revenue and evaluation such performance was done through field surveys and on the basis of existing available data and reports. Simple tabular presentation percentage tools is used to analyzed data and found PSMC is not success to collect sufficient tax revenue as its possibilities. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), page: 51-60
Structure and Utilization of Receivable of Listed Non- Government Manufacturing Companies in Nepal
Authors: Gautam Kedar Raj 
Published: August 2017

When the firm sells goods on credit rather than requiring immediate cash payment such kind of credit sales generate accounts receivable. Especially in small firms, accounts receivable may be factor that decides success or failure. In large firms, efficient accounts receivable management affects the firm’s risk return and share price. The volume of receivable, their composition and management affects the liquidity and profitability. They have, therefore to be managed in such a way that strikes a balance between risk and return. This paper attempts to analyse the structure and utilization of receivable of listed manufacturing companies in Nepal. The emphasis in this study is on manufacturing enterprises because they provide best laboratory for analyzing the structure and utilization of receivable. To analyze the structure and utilization of receivable, ratio analysis is used along with statistical tools such as mean and standard deviation. The analysis shows that there was wide variation in investment in receivable. The average ratio of receivable to current asset ranged between 0.35% to 58%. Similarly, utilization of receivable in terms of average collection period ranged between 1 to 195.8 days representing on average 58.62 days. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies Vol. 2, No.1 (December 2013), Page: 65-72
On the Graphicity of the Independence Structure of Linear Active Networks
Authors: Csehi Csongor Gy. , Recski András 
Published: August 2017

Consider a linear network composed of 2-terminal devices. Its interconnection structure is described by a graph G. The voltages or the currents of a subset of devices can independently be prescribed if and only if the subset of the corresponding edges in the graph G is circuit-free or cut set free, respectively. This classical result of Kirchhoff can be generalized for networks containing multiterminal devices as well: the independence structure can be described by the circuits and cut sets of a more general abstract mathematical structure, a matroid M. However, these matroids will not always be graphic. Using some recent mathematical results for characterizing graphic structures among the matroids, here we give a physical characterization of subclasses of those active networks where M happens to be graphic.
Spatially Resolved Patchy Lyα Emission within the Central Kiloparsec of a Strongly Lensed Quasar Host Galaxy at z = 2.8
Authors: Bayliss Matthew B. , Sharon Keren , Acharyya Ayan , Gladders Michael D. , Rigby Jane R. , Bian Fuyan , Bordoloi Rongmon , Runnoe Jessie , Dahle Hakon , Kewley Lisa , Florian Michael , Johnson Traci , Paterno-Mahler Rachel 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
We report the detection of extended Lyα emission from the host galaxy of SDSS J2222+2745, a strongly lensed quasar at z = 2.8. Spectroscopic follow-up clearly reveals extended Lyα in emission between two images of the central active galactic nucleus (AGN). We reconstruct the lensed quasar host galaxy in the source plane by applying a strong lens model to HST imaging and resolve spatial scales as small as ∼200 pc. In the source plane, we recover the host galaxy morphology to within a few hundred parsecs of the central AGN and map the extended Lyα emission to its physical origin on one side of the host galaxy at radii ∼0.5–2 kpc from the central AGN. There are clear morphological differences between the Lyα and rest-frame ultraviolet stellar continuum emission from the quasar host galaxy. Furthermore, the relative velocity profiles of quasar Lyα, host galaxy Lyα, and metal lines in outflowing gas reveal differences in the absorbing material affecting the AGN and host galaxy. These data indicate the presence of patchy local intervening gas in front of the central quasar and its host galaxy. This interpretation is consistent with the central luminous quasar being obscured across a substantial fraction of its surrounding solid angle, resulting in strong anisotropy in the exposure of the host galaxy to ionizing radiation from the AGN. This work demonstrates the power of strong-lensing-assisted studies to probe spatial scales that are currently inaccessible by other means.
Disentangling the Potential Dark Matter Origin of LIGO’s Black Holes
Authors: Magee Ryan , Hanna Chad 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
The nature of dark matter (DM) remains one of the biggest open questions in physics. One intriguing DM candidate, primordial black holes (PBHs), has faced renewed interest following the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory’s (LIGO) detection of gravitational waves from merging stellar mass black holes. While subsequent work has ruled out the possibility that DM could consist solely of black holes similar to those that LIGO has detected with masses above

, LIGO’s connection to DM remains unknown. In this work, we consider a distribution of PBHs that accounts for all of the DM, is consistent with all of LIGO’s observations arising from PBH binaries, and resolves tension in previous surveys of microlensing events in the Milky Way halo. The PBH mass distribution that we consider offers an important prediction—LIGO may detect black holes smaller than have ever been observed with ∼1% of the black holes it detects having a mass less than the mass of our Sun and ∼10% with masses in the mass gap. Approximately one year of operating advanced LIGO at design sensitivity should be adequate to begin to see a hint of a primordial black hole mass distribution. Detecting PBH binaries below a solar mass will be readily distinguishable from other known compact binary systems, thereby providing an unambiguous observational window for advanced LIGO to pin down the nature of DM.
First Spectroscopic Confirmations of z ∼ 7.0 Lyα Emitting Galaxies in the LAGER Survey
Authors: Hu Weida , Wang Junxian , Zheng Zhen-Ya , Malhotra Sangeeta , Infante Leopoldo , Rhoads James , Gonzalez Alicia , Walker Alistair R. , Jiang Linhua , Jiang Chunyan , Hibon Pascale , Barrientos L. Felipe , Finkelstein Steven , Galaz Gaspar , Kang Wenyong , Kong Xu , Tilvi Vithal , Yang Huan , Zheng XianZhong 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Narrowband imaging is a highly successful approach for finding large numbers of high-redshift Lyα emitting galaxies (LAEs) up to z ∼ 6.6. However, at z ≳ 7 there are as of yet only three narrowband selected LAEs with spectroscopic confirmations (two at z ∼ 6.9–7.0, one at z ∼ 7.3), which hinders extensive studies on cosmic reionization and galaxy evolution at this key epoch. We have selected 23 candidate z ∼ 6.9 LAEs in COSMOS field with the large area narrowband survey Lyman-Alpha Galaxies at the End of Reionization (LAGER). In this work, we present spectroscopic follow-up observations of 12 candidates using the Inamori Magellan Areal Camera and Spectrograph on Magellan. For nine of these, the observations are sufficiently deep to detect the expected lines. Lyα emission lines are identified in six sources (yielding a success rate of 2/3), including three luminous LAEs with Lyα luminosities of L
Lyα
∼ 1043.5 erg s−1, the highest among known spectroscopically confirmed galaxies at ≳7.0. This triples the sample size of spectroscopically confirmed narrowband selected LAEs at z ≳ 7, and confirms the bright-end bump in the Lyα luminosity function we previously derived based on the photometric sample, supporting a patchy reionization scenario. Two luminous LAEs appear physically linked with a projected distance of 1.1 pMpc and velocity difference of ∼170 km s−1. They likely sit in a common ionized bubble produced by themselves or with close neighbors, which reduces the intergalactic medium attenuation of Lyα. A tentative narrow N v
λ1240 line is seen in one source, hinting at activity of a central massive black hole with metal-rich line-emitting gas.
Participation du manager au contrôle de gestion et performance managériale, une nouvelle approche
Authors: Godener Armelle , Fornerino Marianela 
Published: August 2017

Au croisement du courant comportementaliste et du courant relationnel en contrôle de gestion, un modèle expliquant la Performance managériale par la Participation du manager au processus de contrôle de gestion a été développé et testé auprès de 157 managers. Il se nourrit de la transposition au contrôle de gestion des travaux du management de la connaissance. La Participation du manager comporte deux dimensions, la Contribution du manager au contrôle de gestion et l’Utilisation qu’il fait des informations qui émanent de ce processus. La Contribution du manager influence positivement sa Performance managériale à travers une double médiation de la Pertinence des informations que le contrôleur fournit au manager et de l’Utilisation que le manager fait de ces informations.
Écoles de commerce et formations d’ingénieurs jusqu’en 1914
Authors: Grelon André 
Published: August 2017

Quand l’enseignement technique supérieur se met en place dans le premier tiers du XIX e siècle était-il possible alors d’élaborer un mode de formation prenant en compte aussi bien les sciences physico-chimiques appliquées à l’industrie que les questions de nature économique et commerciale ? Il n’est pas sûr que les promoteurs de cette filière d’enseignement aient eu cette vision stratégique, néanmoins une telle orientation eût été envisageable si, par exemple, le Conservatoire des arts et métiers avait délivré un diplôme d’ingénieur. On sait qu’il n’en a rien été et que les formations en sciences appliquées et celles en sciences économiques et commerciales ont connu des développements séparés avec des contenus radicalement différents. Le modèle de l’école d’ingénieurs développé par l’École centrale des arts et manufactures devient néanmoins la référence pour tous les établissements de ce type. Les écoles de commerce créées à la fin du siècle seront elles aussi amenées progressivement à reproduire ce qui devient la forme canonique de l’enseignement supérieur technique français.
Le système français de formation professionnelle : mise en perspective historique
Authors: Brucy Guy 
Published: August 2017

Cet article montre comment, de la fin du XIX e siècle à l’aube des Trente Glorieuses, s’est progressivement construit le système français de formation professionnelle initiale, caractérisé par la domination du modèle scolaire. Il tente également de mettre en lumière les principes qui, tout au long du siècle, ont structuré l’action des principaux acteurs : employeurs et représentants de l’État. Enfin, il présente les évolutions récentes qui, depuis les années 1980, ont déstabilisé ce dispositif, notamment en remettant en cause les diplômes d’État, concurrencés par des formes alternatives de certification.
Clinicopathological study of epithelial salivary gland tumours-a retrospective study
Authors: Jayawardana R. A. D. T. M. , Dias D. K. 
Published: August 2017

Introducton: Tumours of the salivary glands are infrequent, yet they represent an extensive variety of both benign and malignat tumours. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinicopathological data to determine the distribution of epithelial salivary gland tumours(SGT) in patients who were diagnosed at OMFS unit , TH-Karapitiya, Sri Lanka from 2004 to 2014. Material and methods: Total of 77 SGT were diagnosed in the period of 11 years were reviewed using biopsy reports. Results: Out of 77 epithelial SGTs 35 were benign , 42 were malignat. Indicating a benign to malignat ratio of 1: 1.2. Malignat tumours were more common in minor salivary glands indicating a percentage of 59.52% of total malignat tumours.When considering minor SGT, 73.52% were malignat. Conclusion: There was a higher occurrence of malignat tumours in minor salivary glands in this study.
Prevalence of traumatic injuries among female workers in garment industry in Dickwella Divisional Secretariat area
Authors: Sewwandi H. R. A. , Fonseka N. H. D. P. , De Silva P. V. 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Work related injuries are a major public health problem in Sri Lanka today. Garment industry is the major foreign exchange earner in Sri Lanka and work related traumatic injuries are more common among workers of garment industry, the majority of which are women. Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the prevalence and associated factors of traumatic injuries among female workers in garment industry. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among female garment workers working in two garment factories in Dickwella Divisional Secretariat area. Three hundred and twelve workers were randomly selected according to the proportion of total workers in each factory. Data was collected by a self-administered questionnaire. All data was analyzed by using Statistical Package of Social Sciences. Results: The population consisted of 312 female workers. The mean age range was 26-35 years. Most of the participants (63.8%) had educated up to G.C.E. Ordinary Level. One hundred and seventy four (55.8%) were sewing machine operators. Of the participants 73.1% worked 8-9 hours per day and 53.5% worked 6-10 hours per week as over time. Prevalence of traumatic injuries was 35.3% among workers during the previous 12 months. Rushing at work (46.4%) was the most common cause followed by carelessness (25.5%). Puncture injuries (48.2%) were the commonest type of injuries while contusions and abrasion (19.1%) were the second commonest type and fingers (57.8%) were the commonest injured body part. Large majority (91.3%) of participants were satisfied about the safety of the working environment. Conclusions There was a high prevalence of traumatic injuries among female workers in garment industry in Dickwella Divisional Secretariat area. Although the garment factories have a good working environment according to the workers, worker related causes such as rushing at work and carelessness were the major reasons for these injuries.
Blood Transfusion during caesarean delivery
Authors: Premarathna H. K. S. I. , Rangana G. W. A. R. , Weerasinghe C. J. , Wicramanayaka R. P. , Jayaweera M. T. D. 
Published: August 2017

Introduction: Blood transfusion is considered as a life saving measure in obstetrics. However, at present it is not considered safe all the time due to transfusion reactions and infections. The mother is at risk of increased bleeding, because caesarean section may result in twice the blood loss of vaginal delivery (due to placental attachment and two surgical scars). In Sri Lankan setup, grouping and cross matching are done prior to each and every caesarean section without considering the presence or absence of risk factors even with less facilities available. During caesarean section in Sri Lanka blood transfusion to cross matching ratio is considered to be low. Objectives: To determine the proportion of blood transfusions performed among mothers whose blood was grouped and cross-matched for Lower segment caesarean section (LSCS). To find out the indications/ associated factors for blood transfusion in LSCS Method & Materials: A retrospective cross sectional study carried out in Obstetric Units, General Hospital Matara Sri Lanka. Data collected from all the bed head tickets and other records available at Blood Bank General Hospital Matara belong to mothers who underwent elective and emergency caesarean sections from 30th July 2013 to 1st of June 2014 Results: Our sample size was 3174 mothers majority underwent Elective Lower segment caesarean section (EL/LSCS) (57.5%) & 42.5% were Emergency Lower segment caesarean section (EM/LSCS). Only 1.85% of mothers transfused blood during LSCS, as 3.38% during EL/LSCS & 96.6% during EM/LSCS. Lower segment large fibroid (50%) & placenta accreta + past section (50%) were two indications that need blood transfusion during EL/LSCS in our research. Antepartum haemorrhage (APH) (15.78%), pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) (8.77%), postpartum haemorrhage (26.31%), Anaemia Hb 7.6-8.2g/dl (36.84%), Twin pregnancy (5.26%) & placenta previa were other indication that need blood transfusion in EM/LSCS. Conclusions: This study shows each & every mother who undergo EL/LSCS do not need blood transfusion & cross matching especially in EL/LSCS. According to our study patients with following risk factors need blood grouping & cross matching. APH, PIH, Placental abnormalities, Anaemia (Hb 7.6-8.2g/dl), Twin pregnancy, and pregnancy complicated with abnormal uterine condition eg: - fibroids, placenta accrete.