bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The impact of opioid medications on subsequent fractures in discharged emergency department patients with peripheral vertigo
Authors: Grewal Keerat , Austin Peter C. , Kapral Moira K. , Lu Hong , Atzema Clare L. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundVertigo is common in the emergency department (ED). Most aetiologies are peripheral and do not require hospitalization, but many patients still fear falling. Some patients may be taking opioid analgesic medications (for other reasons); the risk of falls leading to fractures among patients with vertigo could be potentiated by the simultaneous use of opioids.ObjectivesTo examine the risk of fractures in discharged ED patients with peripheral vertigo who were being prescribed opioids during the same time period.MethodsLinked administrative databases from Ontario were used to compare discharged ED patients aged ≥65 with peripheral vertigo to patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) from 2006 to 2011. We used Cox regression analysis with an interaction term to estimate the modifying effect of an opioid prescription on the hazard of fracture within 90 days.ResultsThere were 13,012 patients with a peripheral vertigo syndrome and 76,885 with a UTI. Thirteen percent of the vertigo cohort and 25% of the UTI cohort had access to a filled opioid prescription. Compared to vertigo patients who did not fill an opioid prescription, the adjusted hazard of fracture among vertigo patients who did fill a prescription was 3.59 (95% CI 1.97–6.13). Among UTI patients who filled an opioid prescription the hazard ratio was 1.68 (95% CI 1.43–1.97) compared to UTI patients who did not.ConclusionsPatients discharged from the ED with peripheral vertigo who were also being prescribed opioids had a higher hazard of subsequent fracture compared to those who were not, and the effect was much greater than among UTI patients. These results suggest that in the acutely vertiginous older patient, opioid analgesic medications should be modified, where possible.
Opening of KATP Channel Regulates Tonic Currents From Pyramidal Neurons in Rat Brain
Authors: Li Zhongxia , Wang Jiangping , Yu Huimin , Jiang Kewen 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground: ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels couple metabolic state to cellular excitability. Activation of neuronal and astrocytic mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP) channels regulates a variety of neuronal functions. However, less is known about the impact of mitoKATP on tonic γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) inhibition. Tonic GABA inhibition is mediated by the binding of ambient GABA on extrasynaptic GABA A-type receptors (GABAARs) and is involved in regulating neuronal excitability. Methods: We determined the impact of activation of KATP channels with diazoxide (DIZ) on tonic inhibition and recorded tonic current from rat cortical layer 5 pyramidal cells by patch-clamp recordings. Results: We found that neonatal tonic current increased with an increase in GABA concentration, which was partially mediated by the GABA A-type receptor (GABAAR) α5, and likely the δ subunits. Activation of KATP channels resulted in decreased tonic current in newborns, but there was increased tonic current during the second postnatal week. Conclusions: These findings suggest that activation of KATP channels with DIZ regulates GABAergic transmission in neocortical pyramidal cells during development.
Variationist sociolinguistics and corpus-based variationist linguistics: overlap and cross-pollination potential
Authors: Szmrecsanyi Benedikt 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe paper surveys overlap between corpus linguistics and variationist sociolinguistics. Corpus linguistics is customarily defined as a methodology that bases claims about language on usage patterns in collections of naturalistic, authentic speech or text. Because this is what is typically done in variationist sociolinguistics work, I argue that variationist sociolinguists are by definition corpus linguists, though of course the reverse is not true: the variationist method entails more than merely analyzing usage data, and not all corpus analysts are interested in variation. But that being said, a considerable and arguably increasing number of corpus linguists not formally trained in variationist sociolinguistics are explicitly concerned with variation and engage in what I callcorpus-based variationist linguistics(CVL). I first discuss what unites or divides work in CVL and in variationist sociolinguistics. In a plea to cross subdisciplinary boundaries, I subsequently identify three research areas where variationist sociolinguists may draw inspiration from work in CVL: conducting multi-variable research, paying more attention to probabilistic grammars, and taking more seriously the register-sensitivity of variation patterns.
Benign positional vertigo and endolymphatic hydrops: what is the connection?
Authors: Jahn A F 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Although benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and endolymphatic hydrops are considered to be distinct diagnoses, a minority of vertiginous patients exhibit features of both conditions. This coincidence has been reported previously in the literature, and is reviewed here in terms of possible aetiology.Results and conclusion:A new hypothesis to account for both conditions is offered, implicating free-floating degenerating debris from the otolithic apparatus. It is postulated that the gelatinous/proteinaceous component may account for an osmotically induced hydrops, while the calcified fragments may induce positional vertigo.
Supporting in an existential crisis: A mixed-methods evaluation of a training model in palliative care
Authors: Sand Lisa , Olsson Mariann , Strang Peter 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackground:Palliative care staff often report that they lack the skills and confidence to provide support during an existential crisis. Consequently, there is a definite need for a training program in this area.Objective:Our aim was to investigate whether a training model could give palliative care staff increased knowledge, awareness, and preparedness—all useful tools for providing support.Methods:A mixed-methods research design was used. Data were collected in four hospital-based palliative homecare teams in the Stockholm area. In total, 34 staff participated, representing different palliative care team professions. Before and after the intervention, a questionnaire with a 9-point Likert-type scale was completed (n = 34). Qualitative focus group discussions were conducted a month after the intervention (25 participants). These were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using qualitative content analysis with a manifest focus.Results:In the quantitative part of our study, the participants showed significantly increased perceived knowledge, awareness, and preparedness in every aspect (p < 0.001 for all items). The focus group discussions revealed a process that made it possible to apply new knowledge and insight. The process began with theoretical knowledge and, through care-related reflection and self-reflection, the knowledge base gradually developed and provided useful skills and increased job satisfaction.Significance of results:The team-based “TrainingModel Sand/TER” can be performed without excessive effort and contribute to improved competence in providing support during an existential crisis. It is particularly useful for staff working in clinical palliative care.
How should we model property? Thinking with my critics
Authors: ARRUÑADA BENITO 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInspired by comments made by Allen (2017), Lueck (2017), Ménard (2017) and Smith (2017), this response clarifies and deepens the analysis in Arruñada (2017a). Its main argument is that to deal with the complexity of property we must abstract secondary elements, such as the physical dimensions of some types of assets, and focus on the interaction between transactions. This sequential-exchange framework captures the main problem of property in the current environment of impersonal markets. It also provides criteria to compare private and public ordering, as well as to organize public solutions that enable new forms of private ordering. The analysis applies the lessons in Coase (1960) to property by not only comparing realities but also maintaining his separate definition of property rights and transaction costs. However, it replaces his contractual, single-exchange, framework for one in which contracts interact, causing exchange externalities.
Plastid thylakoid architecture optimizes photosynthesis in diatoms
Authors: Flori Serena , Jouneau Pierre-Henri , Bailleul Benjamin , Gallet Benoit , Estrozi Leandro F , Moriscot Christine , Bastien Olivier , Eicke Simona , Schober Alexander , Bártulos Carolina Río , Maréchal Eric , Kroth Peter G , Petroutsos Dimitris , Zeeman Samuel , Breyton Cécile , Schoehn Guy , Falconet Denis , Finazzi Giovanni 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhotosynthesis is a unique process that allows independent colonization of the land by plants and of the oceans by phytoplankton. Although the photosynthesis process is well understood in plants, we are still unlocking the mechanisms evolved by phytoplankton to achieve extremely efficient photosynthesis. Here, we combine biochemical, structural and in vivo physiological studies to unravel the structure of the plastid in diatoms, prominent marine eukaryotes. Biochemical and immunolocalization analyses reveal segregation of photosynthetic complexes in the loosely stacked thylakoid membranes typical of diatoms. Separation of photosystems within subdomains minimizes their physical contacts, as required for improved light utilization. Chloroplast 3D reconstruction and in vivo spectroscopy show that these subdomains are interconnected, ensuring fast equilibration of electron carriers for efficient optimum photosynthesis. Thus, diatoms and plants have converged towards a similar functional distribution of the photosystems although via different thylakoid architectures, which likely evolved independently in the land and the ocean.
Extraordinarily potent proinflammatory properties of lactoferrin-containing immunocomplexes against human monocytes and macrophages
Authors: Hu Lulu , Hu Xiaomin , Long Kai , Gao Chenhui , Dong Hong-Liang , Zhong Qiao , Gao Xiao-Ming , Gong Fang-Yuan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractLactoferrin (LTF), an important first line defense molecule against infection, is a common target for humoral autoimmune reactions in humans. Since LTF is a multifunctional protein capable of activating innate immune cells via various surface receptors, we hypothesized that LTF-containing immune complexes (ICs) (LTF-ICs), likely formed in patients with high titer anti-LTF autoantibodies, could possess unique monocyte/macrophage-activating properties compared with other ICs. ELISA analysis on serum samples from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients (n = 80) and healthy controls (n = 35) for anti-LTF autoantibodies confirmed a positive correlation between circulating LTF-specific IgG and RA. ICs between human LTF and LTF-specific IgG purified from patient sera or immunized rabbits and mice, but not control ICs, LTF or Abs alone, elicited strong production of TNF-α and IL-1β by freshly fractionated human peripheral blood monocytes and monocytes-derived macrophages. Furthermore, LTF-ICs utilized both membrane-anchored CD14 and CD32a (FcγRIIa) to trigger monocyte activation in an internalization-, Toll-like receptor (TLR)4- and TLR9-dependent manner, and also that LTF-IC-induced cytokine production was blocked by specific inhibitors of caspase-1, NF-κB and MAPK. These results uncover a possible pathway for LTF-ICs perpetuating local inflammation and contributing to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases by triggering activation of infiltrating monocytes or tissue macrophagesin vivo.
Gga-miR-219b targeting BCL11B suppresses proliferation, migration and invasion of Marek’s disease tumor cell MSB1
Authors: Zhao Chunfang , Li Xin , Han Bo , You Zhen , Qu Lujiang , Liu Changjun , Song Jiuzhou , Lian Ling , Yang Ning 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMarek’s disease (MD), caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV), is a lymphotropic neoplastic disease. Previous miRNAome analysis showed gga-miR-219b was significantly downregulated in MDV-induced lymphoma, and one of its potential target genes, B-cell chronic lymphocytic /lymphoma 11B (BCL11B) was predicted. In this study, we further investigated the function of gga-miR-219b, and the gain/loss of function assay showed gga-miR-219b inhibited cell migration and reduced cell proliferation by promoting apoptosis not by cell cycle arrest. Gga-miR-219b also suppressed expression of two cell invasion-related genes MMP2 and MMP9. The results indicated suppressive effect of gga-miR-219b on MD tumorigenesis. The gene BCL11B was verified as a direct target gene of gga-miR-219b. RNA interference was performed to block BCL11B. As expected, the effects triggered by BCL11B downregulation were in accordance with that triggered by gga-miR-219b overexpression, suggesting that BCL11B was a stimulative regulator of MD transformation. Moreover, both gga-miR-219b and BCL11B influenced the expression of Meq gene, the most important oncogene in MDV. Additionally, gene expression level of anti-apoptotic genes BCL2 and BCL2L1 was downregulated and pro-apoptotic gene TNFSF10 was upregulated in MSB1 cells with gga-miR-219b overexpression or BCL11B knockdown, which suggested gga-miR-219b promoted cell apoptosis via regulating gene expression in the apoptosis pathways.
Karst tiankengs as refugia for indigenous tree flora amidst a degraded landscape in southwestern China
Authors: Su Yuqiao , Tang Qiming , Mo Fuyan , Xue Yuegui 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWe conducted floristic and community analyses to compare the floristic composition, forest structure, taxonomic richness, and species diversity between two tiankeng (large doline, or sinkhole) habitats and two outside-tiankeng habitats of forest fragments in a degraded karst area in southwestern China. We found remarkably higher taxonomic richness in the tiankeng habitats than in the outside-tiankeng habitats at the species, generic, and familial levels. The inside-tiankeng habitats had higher floristic diversity but lower dominance. The remarkably higher uniqueness at all taxonomic levels and the much larger tree size in the two tiankeng habitats than in the outside-tiankeng habitats demonstrated the old-growth and isolated nature of the tiankeng flora. Plot-scale species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, Pielou’s evenness, and Berger-Parker dominance significantly differed across habitats. Heterogeneity in floristic composition at the species, generic, and familial levels was extremely significant across habitats. In pairwise comparisons, except for the Chuandong Tiankeng-Shenmu Tiankeng pair, all the pairs showed significant between-habitat heterogeneity in floristic composition. Our results suggest that as oases amidst the degraded karst landscape, tiankengs serve as modern refugia that preserve old-growth forest communities with their rich floristic diversity, and can provide a model for habitat conservation and forest restoration in that area.
Impact of Electronic Effects on the Nucleofugality of Leaving Groups
Authors: Denegri Bernard , Matić Mirela , Kronja Olga 
Published: June 2017

A short review of the development of nucleofugality and electrofugality scales based on solvolysis rates of benzhydryl derivatives is presented. Accordingly, the rate of the heterolytic step in the SN1 displacement reaction and the leaving group ability (nucleofugality) in a given solvent are related with the special linear free-energy relationship (LFER) equation: log k = s
f (N
f + E
f). The impact of electronic effects in the leaving group (nucleofuge) on the overall SN1 reactivity of the substrate is given. The importance of inductivity, resonance, polarity and field effects in the leaving group moiety in the transition state is analyzed. Also, the effect of the negative hyperconjugation and the influence of other electronic effects in the leaving group on the height of the reaction intrinsic barrier are considered.1	Introduction2	Development of the Nucleofugality Scale3	Inductive and Resonance Effects4	Negative Hyperconjugation5	Intrinsic Barrier6	Conclusions
„Die Trockenheit der Gelenke ausgleichen“
Authors: Fahimi Farnaz 
Published: June 2017

SummaryDie Arthrose wird aus ayurvedischer Perspektive den Vata-Erkrankungen zugeordnet. Das überschüssige Dosha zerstört demnach durch seine austrocknende, reibende und bewegliche Eigenschaft Gelenke und gelenkassoziierte Strukturen.Die Ayurveda-Medizin bietet gerade bei chronischen Gelenkerkrankungen wie der Gonarthrose hervorragende Behandlungsmöglichkeiten. Die auf den Patienten individuell abgestimmte Therapie beinhaltet eine Komposition verschiedener Behandlungselemente, die auch den Patienten aktiv einbeziehen. Die Therapie besteht im Wesentlichen aus Ernährung, Ausleitung, Ölmassagen, Wärmeanwendungen, Phytotherapie und Verhaltensmodifikationen. Ein Fall aus der Praxis veranschaulicht das Vorgehen und die möglichen Therapieerfolge.
Examining Changes in Negative Mood Regulation Expectancies, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Depression, and Substance use following Integrated Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
Authors: Siegel Emma Y. , Haller Moira , Cui Ruifeng , Trim Ryan S. , Tate Susan R. , Norman Sonya B. 
Published: June 2017

Background The comorbidity of depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and substance use disorder (SUD) is common among veterans. Some research indicates that poor expectancies for negative mood regulation (NMR) may be associated with depression, trauma symptoms, and substance abuse. However, little is known about whether NMR expectancies can be changed through psychotherapy and if so, whether changes in NMR expectancies are related to changes in depression, PTSD, and SUD. Methods Therefore, this study examined (1) whether NMR expectancies correlate with depression, PTSD, and SUD symptoms; (2) whether NMR expectancies improve after group integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy (ICBT); and (3) whether these changes were associated with improvements in depression, PTSD, and SUD symptoms in a sample of 123 veterans (89% male, 64% non-Hispanic Caucasian) recruited from a Department of Veteran Affairs (VA) Healthcare System. Results Findings indicated that (1) NMR expectancies were significantly associated with depression and PTSD symptoms but not substance use at baseline; (2) NMR expectancies significantly improved following group ICBT treatment; (3) following treatment, improvements in NMR expectancies were associated with decreases in depression and PTSD symptoms but were unrelated to changes in substance use outcomes; and (4) baseline NMR expectancies did not predict treatment outcomes. Similarly, pre-post NMR expectancies change scores were significantly associated with changes in depression and PTSD symptoms, but not percentage days using or percentage days heavy drinking. Conclusions In conclusion, this study suggests that group ICBT is associated with improvements in NMR expectancies among veterans with depression, PTSD, and SUD, which are associated with improvements in depression and PTSD symptoms.
High throughput nanoparticle tracking analysis for monitoring outer membrane vesicle production
Authors: Gerritzen Matthias J. H. , Martens Dirk E. , Wijffels René H. , Stork Michiel 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTOuter membrane vesicles (OMVs) are spherical membrane nanoparticles released by Gram‐negative bacteria. OMVs can be quantified in complex matrices by nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). NTA can be performed in static mode or with continuous sample flow that results in analysis of more particles in a smaller time‐frame. Flow measurements must be performed manually despite the availability of a sample changer on the NanoSight system. Here we present a method for automated measurements in flow mode. OMV quantification in flow mode results in lower variance in particle quantification (coefficient of variation (CV) of 6%, CV static measurements of 14%). Sizing of OMVs was expected to be less favorable in flow mode due to the increased movement of the particles. However, we observed a CV of 3% in flow mode and a CV of 8% in static measurements. Flow rates of up to 5 µL/min displayed correct size and particle measurements, however, particle concentration was slightly lower than in static measurements. The automated method was used to assess OMV release of batch cultures of Neisseria meningitidis. The bacteria released more OMVs in stationary growth phase, while the size of the vesicles remained constant throughout the culture. Taken together, this study shows that automated measurements in flow mode can be established with advanced scripting to reduce the workload for the user.
Final report on supplementary comparison APMP.M.P-S7.TRI in hydraulic gauge pressure from 40 MPa to 200 MPa
Authors: Kobata Tokihiko , Olson Douglas A , Eltawil Alaaeldin A 
Published: June 2017

This report describes the results of a supplementary comparison of hydraulic high-pressure standards at three national metrology institutes (NMIs); National Metrology Institute of Japan, AIST (NMIJ/AIST), National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), USA and National Institute for Standards (NIS), Egypt, which was carried out at NIST during the period May 2001 to September 2001 within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Metrology Programme (APMP) in order to evaluate their degrees of equivalence at pressures in the range 40 MPa to 200 MPa for gauge mode. The pilot institute was NMIJ/AIST. Three working pressure standards from the institutes, in the form of piston-cylinder assemblies, were used for the comparison. The comparison and calculation methods used are discussed in this report. From the cross-float measurements, the differences between the working pressure standards of each institute were examined through an evaluation of the effective area of each piston-cylinder assembly with its uncertainty. From the comparison results, it was revealed that the values claimed by the participating institutes, NMIJ, NIST, and NIS, agree within the expanded (k = 2) uncertainties. The hydraulic pressure standards in the range 40 MPa to 200 MPa for gauge mode of the three participating NMIs were found to be equivalent within their claimed uncertainties.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCM, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Generalized nil-Coxeter algebras over discrete complex reflection groups
Authors: Khare Apoorva 
Published: June 2017

We define and study generalized nil-Coxeter algebras associated to Coxeter groups. Motivated by a question of Coxeter (1957), we construct the first examples of such finite-dimensional algebras that are not the “usual” nil-Coxeter algebras: a novel

2
2

-parameter type

A
A

family that we call

N

C
A

(
n
,
d
)

NC_A(n,d)

. We explore several combinatorial properties of

N

C
A

(
n
,
d
)

NC_A(n,d)

, including its Coxeter word basis, length function, and Hilbert–Poincaré series, and show that the corresponding generalized Coxeter group is not a flat deformation of

N

C
A

(
n
,
d
)

NC_A(n,d)

. These algebras yield symmetric semigroup module categories that are necessarily not monoidal; we write down their Tannaka–Krein duality.

Further motivated by the Broué–Malle–Rouquier (BMR) freeness conjecture [J. Reine Angew. Math. 1998], we define generalized nil-Coxeter algebras

N

C
W

NC_W

over all discrete real or complex reflection groups

W
W

, finite or infinite. We provide a complete classification of all such algebras that are finite dimensional. Remarkably, these turn out to be either the usual nil-Coxeter algebras or the algebras

N

C
A

(
n
,
d
)

NC_A(n,d)

. This proves as a special case—and strengthens—the lack of equidimensional nil-Coxeter analogues for finite complex reflection groups. In particular, generic Hecke algebras are not flat deformations of

N

C
W

NC_W

for

W
W

complex.