bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relaxin‐3 inputs target hippocampal interneurons and deletion of hilar relaxin‐3 receptors in “floxed‐RXFP3” mice impairs spatial memory
Authors: Haidar M. , Guèvremont G. , Zhang C. , Bathgate R.A.D. , Timofeeva E. , Smith C.M. , Gundlach A.L. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTHippocampus is innervated by γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) “projection” neurons of the nucleus incertus (NI), including a population expressing the neuropeptide, relaxin‐3 (RLN3). In studies aimed at gaining an understanding of the role of RLN3 signaling in hippocampus via its Gi/o‐protein‐coupled receptor, RXFP3, we examined the distribution of RLN3‐immunoreactive nerve fibres and RXFP3 mRNA‐positive neurons in relation to hippocampal GABA neuron populations. RLN3‐positive elements were detected in close‐apposition with a substantial population of somatostatin (SST)‐ and GABA‐immunoreactive neurons, and a smaller population of parvalbumin‐ and calretinin‐immunoreactive neurons in different hippocampal areas, consistent with the relative distribution patterns of RXFP3 mRNA and these marker transcripts. In light of the functional importance of the dentate gyrus (DG) hilus in learning and memory, and our anatomical data, we examined the possible influence of RLN3/RXFP3 signaling in this region on spatial memory. Using viral‐based Cre/LoxP recombination methods and adult mice with a floxed Rxfp3 gene, we deleted Rxfp3 from DG hilar neurons and assessed spatial memory performance and affective behaviors. Following infusions of an AAV(1/2)‐Cre‐IRES‐eGFP vector, Cre expression was observed in DG hilar neurons, including SST‐positive cells, and in situ hybridization histochemistry for RXFP3 mRNA confirmed receptor depletion relative to levels in floxed‐RXFP3 mice infused with an AAV(1/2)‐eGFP (control) vector. RXFP3 depletion within the DG hilus impaired spatial reference memory in an appetitive T‐maze task reflected by a reduced percentage of correct choices and increased time to meet criteria, relative to control. In a continuous spontaneous alternation Y‐maze task, RXFP3‐depleted mice made fewer alternations in the first minute, suggesting impairment of spatial working memory. However, RXFP3‐depleted and control mice displayed similar locomotor activity, anxiety‐like behavior in light/dark box and elevated‐plus maze tests, and learning and long‐term memory retention in the Morris water maze. These data indicate endogenous RLN3/RXFP3 signaling can modulate hippocampal‐dependent spatial reference and working memory via effects on SST interneurons, and further our knowledge of hippocampal cognitive processing. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A qualitative study to describe patient‐specific factors that relate to clinical need for and potential to benefit from a medication management service in palliative care
Authors: Cortis Lauren J. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBackgroundIn 2011, an advanced practice role was introduced to a specialist regional palliative care service to support an expansion of the number of palliative care home medicines reviews.AimTo gain insight into which types of community‐based palliative care patients benefit from medication management services in order to guide local service development.MethodThematic analysis of a case series of medication reviews conducted by the palliative care pharmacist.ResultsOver a 12‐week period, 15 medication reviews were conducted and analysed. Four patient categories that related to a clinical need and potential to benefit from a medication review were identified: managing a chronic disease as well as cancer; experiencing ongoing generalised symptoms; having existing or anticipated problems with swallowing or digestion; and having a recognised falls risk. Most patients fit into more than one category.ConclusionThere is significant opportunity for pharmacists to enhance the quality of life of palliative care patients through improved use of medicines; however, incorporating the existing home medicine review program does not appear to be the most appropriate method for achieving this due to the program design. Delivering best outcomes for palliative care patients requires models of care that support communication and collaboration across the entire healthcare team and facilitate trusting therapeutic relationships between pharmacists and patients. Integration of advanced generalist pharmacists into clinical care teams is a positive step toward improving patient outcomes in palliative care.
Regional‐scale models for predicting overwinter survival of juvenile ungulates
Authors: Hurley Mark A. , Hebblewhite Mark , Lukacs Paul M. , Nowak J. Joshua , Gaillard Jean‐Michel , Bonenfant Christophe 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTJuvenile survival is highly variable in ungulate populations and often influences their dynamics. However, this vital rate is difficult to estimate with common wildlife management methods. Yet managers would benefit from being able to predict juvenile survival to reliably assess population dynamics for harvest management. In the case of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), previous studies reported that overwinter survival is the demographic parameter that influences population dynamics. We predicted winter survival of mule deer fawns under a range of habitat quality, weather, and predation regimes. We modeled overwinter survival of 2,529 fawns within 11 Population Management Units (PMU) in Idaho, 2003–2013. We used remotely sensed Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) as a measure of summer plant productivity and both Moderate Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy Snow Data (MODIS SNOW) and the modeled Snow Data Assimilation System (SNODAS) as measures of winter snow conditions to capture spatiotemporal variation in winter survival. We used Bayesian hierarchical models to estimate survival, including covariates at the appropriate spatial and temporal resolution for each level: individual, capture site, PMU, and ecotype scales. We evaluated the predictive capacity of models using internal validation and external (out‐of‐sample) validation procedures comparing non‐parametric Kaplan‐Meier (KM) survival estimates with estimates from Bayesian hierarchical models. Statewide survival of fawns from 16 December to 1 June ranged from 0.32 to 0.71 during 2003 to 2013, with relatively low survival in 2006, 2008, and 2011 in most Game Management Units. Survival for individual PMUs ranged from 0.09 in the Weiser‐McCall PMU in 2011 to 0.95 in the same PMU in 2005. Internal validation revealed models predicted KM survival well, over a range of R2 from 0.78 to 0.82, with the most complex model explaining the most variance as expected. However, because our goal was to predict winter survival of mule deer in the future, we evaluated our candidate models by withholding 2 years of data and then predicted those years with each model. The best‐supported predictive model was our simplest model with 3 covariates, accounting for 71% of the variance in withheld years. Forage quality in late summer‐fall increased winter mule deer survival, whereas early and late winter snow cover decreased survival. At finer‐spatial scales within ecotypes, our internal validation was slightly better in aspen (0.86), similar in conifer (0.80), and poorer in shrub‐steppe (0.60) ecotypes than our best statewide overall survival models, which accounted for 82% of the variance. Our analyses demonstrate the generality versus precision tradeoff across ecotypes and spatial scales to understand the extent that our survival models may be applied to different landscapes with varied predator communities, climate, and plant nutrition. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
High‐Performance and Low Migration One‐Component Thioxanthone Visible Light Photoinitiators
Authors: Wu Qingqing , Tang Kuangyi , Xiong Ying , Wang Xiaoling , Yang Jianjing , Tang Hongding 
Published: January 2017

Two thioxanthone based acrylated one‐component visible light photoinitiators, 2‐(methyl(4‐((methyl(9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yl)amino)methyl)benzyl)amino)ethyl acrylate (TX‐EA) and ((4‐((methyl(9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yl)amino)methyl)benzyl)azanediyl)bis(ethane‐2,1‐diyl)diacrylate (TX‐BDA), are designed and synthesized. The results of photopolymerization and migration study demonstrate that TX‐EA and TX‐BDA are more effective one‐component visible light photoinitiators for free radical polymerization with excellent migration stability than 4‐((methyl(9‐oxo‐9H‐thioxanthen‐2‐yl)amino)methyl)phenyl acrylate. The mass fraction of the extracted TX‐BDA in a cured 1,6‐hexanediol diacrylate polymer film is as low as 0.55% and the residual amount is estimated to be only 90 ppm. TX‐BDA would have great potential to be used in visible light curing systems, particularly in the food packing or biomedical fields. Results demonstrate that the synergistic effect of hydrogen donors and polymerizable groups in photoinitiator plays an important role in realizing high performance and low migration in photopolymerization system.
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Carbon Fibers Prepared from Melt Spun Peracylated Softwood Lignin: an Integrated Approach
Authors: Steudle Lisa M. , Frank Erik , Ota Antje , Hageroth Ulrich , Henzler Sabine , Schuler Winfried , Neupert Rolf , Buchmeiser Michael R. 
Published: January 2017

Different softwood lignin O‐acyl derivatives, i.e., methacrylated, hexanoylated, benzoylated, methoxybenzoylated, and cinnamoylated lignin are synthesized and subjected to melt spinning. In the presence of spinning aids such as vanillin and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, multifilament melt spinning is accomplished with spinning speeds up to 500 m min−1, which allowed for realizing uniform precursor fibers 17 μm in diameter. Out of all acyl‐derivatives of softwood lignin investigated, cinnamoylated softwood lignin (CL) turned out to be superior in terms of processability. CL‐derived precursor fibers are oxidatively thermostabilized and then carbonized applying carbonization temperatures up to 2200 °C. Carbon fiber structure formation is followed in detail by wide‐angle X‐ray scattering and Raman spectroscopy. An orientation ≤53% and a d
002 spacing of 0.353 nm is achieved. According to small angle X‐ray scattering, carbon fibers have a porosity of ≈38%. CL‐derived carbon fibers are also characterized in terms of mechanical properties. Tensile strengths up to 0.93 GPa (average 0.75 GPa) are obtained and follow Weibull statistics. Elastic moduli are ≤66.5 GPa (average 41.1 GPa).
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Global well‐posedness of 2D nonlinear Boussinesq equations with mixed partial viscosity and thermal diffusivity
Authors: Chen Chao , Liu Jitao 
Published: January 2017

In this paper, we discuss with the global well‐posedness of 2D anisotropic nonlinear Boussinesq equations with any two positive viscosities and one positive thermal diffusivity. More precisely, for three kinds of viscous combinations, we obtain the global well‐posedness without any assumption on the solution. For other three difficult cases, under the minimal regularity assumption, we also derive the unique global solution. To the authors' knowledge, our result is new even for the simplified model, that is, F(θ) = θe2. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Attractors for the strongly damped wave equation with p‐Laplacian
Authors: Khanmamedov Azer , Sen Zehra 
Published: January 2017

This paper is concerned with the initial‐boundary value problem for one‐dimensional strongly damped wave equation involving p‐Laplacian. For p > 2 , we establish the existence of weak local attractors for this problem in
. Under restriction 2 < p < 4, we prove that the semigroup, generated by the considered problem, possesses a strong global attractor in
, and this attractor is a bounded subset of
. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Monte Carlo simulations of ceiling scatter in nuclear medicine: 99mTc, 131I and 18F
Authors: Schnerr Roald S. , de Jong Anouk N. , Landry Guillaume , Jeukens Cécile R.L.P.N. , Wierts Roel 
Published: January 2017

PurposeIn the design of nuclear medicine treatment and examination rooms, an important consideration is the shielding required for ionizing radiation from the radioactive isotopes used. The shielding in the walls is normally limited to a height lower than the actual ceiling height. The direct radiation, possibly with build‐up correction, can be calculated relatively easily. However, little data are available to estimate the dose contribution from ionizing radiation traveling over the wall shielding and scattering off the ceiling. We aim to determine the contribution of the ceiling scatter to the radiation dose outside nuclear medicine rooms.MethodsMonte Carlo simulations were performed using Gate for different heights of lead shielding in the wall, and different ceiling heights. A point source in air of 99mTc (141 keV), 131I (365 keV) or 18F (511 keV) was placed 1.0 m above the floor, 3.0 m from the lead shielding. Simulations of ceiling scatter only and for the total radiation dose were performed for these 3 isotopes, 5 different ceiling heights and 4–8 different wall shielding heights, resulting in a total of 165 simulations. This allowed us to compare the contribution of the radiation passing through the shielding and the ceiling scatter.ResultsWe find that the shielding required for the primary radiation, measured in half‐value layers, is an important factor in determining the relative contribution of ceiling scatter. When more than about 4 half‐value layers of shielding are used, ceiling scatter becomes the dominant factor and should be taken into account in the shielding design. In many practical cases for low energy photons (e.g. from 99mTc; 141 keV; half‐value layer of 0.26 mm lead), 2 mm of lead is used and ceiling scatter is a dominating factor contributing >~70% of the dose outside the shielded room. For higher energies (e.g. 18F; 511 keV; half‐value layer of 3.9 mm lead) the ceiling scatter is typically less than about 15% when 8 mm of lead shielding is used.ConclusionsWe have performed simulations that allow an estimation of the contribution of ceiling scatter to the radiation dose outside a room, based on the ceiling height, shielding height, and isotope used. This will allow for improved shielding designs in nuclear medicine departments.
Technical Note: Fast respiratory motion estimation using sorted singles without unlist processing: A feasibility study
Authors: Yang Jaewon , Khalighi Mehdi , Hope Thomas A. , Ordovas Karen , Seo Youngho 
Published: January 2017

PurposeThe study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of fast respiratory motion estimation using singles data available as a sorted format in list‐mode files acquired in an integrated positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) system for a proof‐of‐concept.MethodsThe derivation of singles‐driven respiratory motion (SDRM) is enabled by singles recorded and binned by second for each detector crystal in PET list‐mode data acquired in a SIGNA PET/MR. The proposed method is to derive a SDRM trace by summing up all singles from all detectors through the PET data acquisition. To assess the feasibility of SDRM for data‐driven gating (DDG), SDRM traces were derived from the list‐mode data acquired in five liver‐focused 68Ga‐DOTA‐TOC PET/MRI scans, and compared with the traces derived from bellows (pressure belt). Pearson's correlation coefficients and trigger time differences at peak‐inhalation phases between SDRM and bellows traces were measured for quantitative evaluation.ResultsThe method presented the average processing time of 4.2 ± 0.42 s (range: 3.9 ~ 4.7 s) for the derivation of SDRM traces. The majority of the time was spent for reading singles data from a list‐mode file (3.1 ± 0.40 s, range: 2.7 ~ 3.7s). On average, the correlation coefficient of SDRM and bellows traces was 0.69 ± 0.16 (range: 0.41 ~ 0.80) and the time offset of SDRM‐driven triggers from bellows‐driven triggers was 0.25 ± 0.39 s (range: −0.85 ~ 2.69 s later than bellows triggers), demonstrating the similar patterns and phases of SDRM and bellows traces.ConclusionsWe introduced PET singles‐driven respiratory motion (SDRM) estimation as a proof‐of‐principle, using sorted singles ready for immediate processing in list‐mode data. The results demonstrated the feasibility of SDRM and its potential use for gated PET with fast processing time.
Requirements for accurate estimation of anisotropic material parameters by magnetic resonance elastography: A computational study
Authors: Tweten D.J. , Okamoto R.J. , Bayly P.V. 
Published: January 2017

PurposeTo establish the essential requirements for characterization of a transversely isotropic material by magnetic resonance elastography (MRE).Theory and MethodsThree methods for characterizing nearly incompressible, transversely isotropic (ITI) materials were used to analyze data from closed‐form expressions for traveling waves, finite‐element (FE) simulations of waves in homogeneous ITI material, and FE simulations of waves in heterogeneous material. Key properties are the complex shear modulus μ2, shear anisotropy
, and tensile anisotropy
.ResultsEach method provided good estimates of ITI parameters when both slow and fast shear waves with multiple propagation directions were present. No method gave accurate estimates when the displacement field contained only slow shear waves, only fast shear waves, or waves with only a single propagation direction. Methods based on directional filtering are robust to noise and include explicit checks of propagation and polarization. Curl‐based methods led to more accurate estimates in low noise conditions. Parameter estimation in heterogeneous materials is challenging for all methods.ConclusionsMultiple shear waves, both slow and fast, with different propagation directions, must be present in the displacement field for accurate parameter estimates in ITI materials. Experimental design and data analysis can ensure that these requirements are met. Magn Reson Med 78:2360–2372, 2017. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
Type III pleuropulmonary blastoma in a dicer1 germline mutation carrier: The management of residual lung cystic lesions
Authors: Fita Ana M. , Llinares‐Riestra Esther , Doménech‐Abellán Ernesto , Bermúdez‐Cortés Mar , Galera‐Miñarro Ana M. , Bas‐Bernal Agueda , Fuster‐Soler José L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare malignancy of childhood. It often represents a manifestation of a hereditary tumor predisposition syndrome (DICER1 syndrome). Because of its malignant potential, surgical resection of cystic lung lesions is recommended in germline DICER1 mutation carriers. We present a case of a 3‐year‐old male child with type III PPB successfully managed with ifosfamide, vincristine, actinomycin‐D, and doxorubicin (IVADo) chemotherapy and surgery. A heterozygous germline pR688X mutation of DICER1 gene was demonstrated. Six years after primary diagnosis, several small lung cysts remained stable without further therapy. The management of residual asymptomatic lung cysts represents a clinical challenge in these patients.
The McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines: An approach to identifying pediatric oncology patients most likely to benefit from a genetic evaluation
Authors: Goudie Catherine , Coltin Hallie , Witkowski Leora , Mourad Stephanie , Malkin David , Foulkes William D. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIdentifying cancer predisposition syndromes in children with tumors is crucial, yet few clinical guidelines exist to identify children at high risk of having germline mutations. The McGill Interactive Pediatric OncoGenetic Guidelines project aims to create a validated pediatric guideline in the form of a smartphone/tablet application using algorithms to process clinical data and help determine whether to refer a child for genetic assessment. This paper discusses the initial stages of the project, focusing on its overall structure, the methodology underpinning the algorithms, and the upcoming algorithm validation process.
A man‐made disease: Fetal neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia due to incompatibility between oocyte donor and gestational mother
Authors: Barg Assaf Arie , Ifrah Aviya Dvir , Strauss Tzipi , Simchen Michal J. , Orvieto Raoul , Rosenberg Nurit , Kenet Gili 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe incompatibility causing fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) results from a fetus inheriting a paternal human platelet antigen (HPA), which is different from the maternal HPA. We present a unique case of FNAIT in a pregnancy involving an oocyte recipient mother with Turner syndrome. This is the first report of FNAIT in which the suggested mechanism involves antibodies produced by a gestational mother against the incompatible HPA of the oocyte donor.
Chitosan‐based hydrogels: recent design concepts to tailor properties and functions
Authors: Racine Lisa , Texier Isabelle , Auzély‐Velty Rachel 
Published: January 2017

AbstractChitosan (CS) has received much attention as a functional biopolymer for designing various hydrogels for biomedical applications. This review provides an overview of the different types of CS‐based hydrogels, the approaches that can be used to fabricate hydrogel matrices with specific features and their applications in controlled drug delivery and tissue engineering. Emphasis is laid on the recent design concepts of hybrid hydrogels based on mixtures of CS and natural or synthetic polymers, interpenetrating polymer networks as well as composite hydrogels prepared by embedding nanoparticles into CS matrices. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Silane‐functional benzoxazine: synthesis, polymerization kinetics and thermal stability
Authors: Zhang Wenkai , Gao Xiuxiu , Yu Lili , Ren Yanrong , Xu Hao , Liu Baoying , Wang Yanpeng , Fang Xiaomin , Xu Yuanqing , Ding Tao 
Published: January 2017

AbstractA benzoxazine with siloxane and phenyl sulfone units (BS‐b) was synthesized by using aminopropyltriethoxysilane, 4,4'‐dihydroxydiphenylsulfone and paraformaldehyde as precursors via Mannich condensation. Then the hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions of siloxane units were performed and benzoxazine bearing polysiloxanes (BS‐PSO) were obtained. The ring‐opening polymerization reactions of both BS‐b and BS‐PSO were studied by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and DSC in non‐isothermal conditions. The kinetics of the polymerization of BS‐b were found to be well described by using an nth‐order kinetic model for n = 0.7 (activation energy 141 kJ mol−1). The BS‐PSO was also used to modify bisphenol‐A‐based benzoxazines (BA‐a), and the morphological structure and thermal properties of the copolymer were investigated. The TGA results indicate that the silane‐functional polybenzoxazines display enhanced initial decomposition temperature and char yields in comparison with poly(BA‐a). These results are believed to be important for the development of new flame‐retardant laminates. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry