bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DEGRADASI BAHAN ORGANIK LIMBAH CAIR NANAS OLEH BAKTERI INDIGEN
Authors: Sutanto Agus 
Published: November 2016

Pineapple Liquid Waste has high organic material and still unfulfilled required quality standard. Processing occurred at the waste processing installation with pond system (Lagoon) required a wide space and keep long time so that less efficient. Based on this problem, it needs an environmentally sound waste management by utilizing bioprocess technology using indigenous bacteria’s ability in degrading organic pollutant called Bioremediation. The objective of this research was to get isolated indigenous bacteria, enables to decrease organic material. It was divided into four stages. First, performed characteristic observation of isolated bacteria that potentially decrease organic material, secondly decomposition capability test in vitro, and thirdly scale bioremediation test pilot plan, fourthly bioremediation test in ex situ at the microbiology laboratory of Malang State University. Data were analyzed by Varian analysis to test the presence or absence of differences and regression test to analyze the link between variables. First phase result: 15 isolated indigenous bacteria.. Potential consortia bacteria consisting of more effective 4 species, indicated by 4 consortia bacteria decreased BOD in 6 days. Starter bacteria with a consortia K1’s combination (ABCD), Volume: 5% (v/v) and 6 days were the most effective incubation time in decreasing BOD. Second phase result: 1) A significant link among the number of bacteria, a. Bacillus cereus, b. Acinetobacter baumanni, c.Bacillus subtilis, d. Pseudomonas pseudomallei and not abcd against organic material with contribution of 72,7% and negatively correlated, 2) Media treatment and incubation time gave distinctive outcome against organic material, 3) there was a link between organic material organic acid concentration decrease would decrease BOD at scale bioremediation test Pilot plan, and ex situ scale. Threshold BOD achievement limit value on 10th day (75) quality standard: 75. In accordance with ministry decree LH No. 05 year 2007 industrial wastewater quality standard, suggested to industry to use this study in processing its waste.<br /><br />Keywords: organic material, isolated indigenous bacteria, pineapple liquid waste.<br /><br />
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MIKROBA TANAH DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN SISTEM PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN
Authors: Prihastuti Prihastuti 
Published: November 2016

<p>Soils are made up of organic and an organic material. The organic soil component contains all the living creatures in the soil and the dead ones in various stages of decomposition. Biological activity in soil helps to recycle nutrients, decompose organic matter making nutrient available for plant uptake, stabilize humus, and form soil particles.<br />The extent of the diversity of microbial in soil is seen to be critical to the maintenance of soil health and quality, as a wide range of microbial is involved in important soil functions. That ecologically managed soils have a greater quantity and diversity of soil microbial. The two main drivers of soil microbial community structure, i.e., plant type and soil type, are thought to exert their function in a complex manner. The fact that in some situations the soil and in others the plant type is the key factor determining soil microbial diversity is related to their complexity of the microbial interactions in soil, including interactions between microbial and soil and microbial and plants. <br />The basic premise of organic soil stewardship is that all plant nutrients are present in the soil by maintaining a biologically active soil environment. The diversity of microbial communities has on ecological function and resilience to disturbances in soil ecosystems. Relationships are often observed between the extent of microbial diversity in soil, soil and plant quality and ecosystem sustainability. Agricultural management can be directed toward maximizing the quality of the soil microbial community in terms of disease suppression, if it is possible to shift soil microbial communities.</p><p>Keywords: structure, microbial, implication, sustainable agriculture<br /><br /></p>
ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS USAHATANI PADI SAWAH APLIKASI PERTANIAN ORGANIK ( Studi Kasus Di Desa Sumber Ngepoh, Kecamatan Lawang ) Kabupaten Malang MT 2009 – 2010
Authors: Tien Tien 
Published: November 2016

<p>The application of organic farming on rice farming in Indonesia is still new to know. The farming interested if efficiency economics. The meaning efficiency economics if the technical efficiency. This research aimed to evaluate the performance of organic rice farming systems, focusing on: (1) identifying the range of application of organic farming on rice farming, (2) analyzing the productivity and income from applying organic farming, and (3) analyzing the technical efficiency of applying organic farming and identifying factors that influence it.<br />The study was conducted in Malang Regency with take sample Sumber Ngepoh village, Lawang, Malang. This village is purposively taken because this is only a village in East Java which has obtained a certificate as a producer of organic rice from Organic Certification Agency. Furthermore, farmers did not interested application of organic farming. The sample of farmers 120 respondents selected by using non-proportionate stratified random sampling among those applying organic rice farming. The data are anal<br />The results at the study stage show that there was diversity between implementing organic and agricultural organic farming system. This diversity reached only 8,33 percent application of organic rice farming of the total land area, while the rest was still in the transitional stage of applying organic system. The application of organic rice farming must independently be able to increase production and income of the farmer. <br />Judging from the level of technical efficiency, the application of organic rice farming is generally quite high, above the value of TE (technical efficiency) 0.8, while applying an independent organic farming has higher technical efficiency than others. Determinant of technical efficiency is the practice of Sekolah Lapang or Field School and the independence of farmers in affording resources locally.</p><p>Keywords: Technical efficiency, independence of rice farming system, Organic farming applications.<br /><br /></p>
EVALUASI OOSIT KAMBING HASIL IVM SEBAGAI SALAH SATU FAKTOR PENENTU KEBERHASILAN DALAM AKTIVASI PARTENOGENESIS
Authors: Holil Kholifah 
Published: November 2016

<p>Aktivasi partenogenesis merupakan salah satu tehnik aktivasi oosit untuk menghasilkan embrio tanpa kontribusi dari sperma. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan keberhasilan tehnik ini adalah pada ketersediaan oosit yang berkualitas. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi oosit kambing hasil IVM yang dapat digunakan untuk kepentingan dalam aktivasi partenogenesis tersebut.<br />Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah oosit yang diaspirasi dari folikel ovarium kambing yang diambil dari RPH Sukun Malang. Oosit di IVM selama 24 jam dan selama 27 jam dalam medium TCM-199 yang ditambah dengan fetal bovine serum (FBS), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) dan lutheinizing hormone (LH) dan diinkubasi pada suhu 38,5oC, 5% CO2. Pada jam ke 24 dan jam ke 27 setelah IVM dilakukan pengamatan yang meliputi ekspansi sel-sel kumulus dan keberadaan polar body I (PB-I) pada jam ke 30. <br />Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa oosit kambing yang di IVM sampai jam ke 24 belum menunjukkan adanya ekspansi sel-sel kumulus kualitas 2 dan penampakan PB-I. Hasil tersebut berbeda dengan oosit yang di IVM sampai jam ke 27. Pada pengamatan jam ke 27 ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 77,87% oosit yang sel-sel kumulusnya berekspansi (kualitas 2) dan PB-I yang nampak sebesar 95,32%. Dengan demikian maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa oosit kambing hasil IVM baru dapat digunakan untuk keperluan lebih lanjut khususnya untuk keperluan aktivasi partenogenesis pada jam ke 27.</p><p>Kata kunci: evaluasi, aktivasi partenogenesis, oosit kambing hasil IVM <br /><br /></p>
KETAHANAN GALUR KEDELAI (Glycine max L.) TERHADAP SERANGAN ULAT GRAYAK (Spodoptera litura F.) BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK TRIKOMA
Authors: Ika Khoiriyah Eko Budi Minarno, 
Published: November 2016

<p>Ulat grayak (Spodoptera litura F.) adalah hama kedelai (Glycine max L.). Pengendalian hama dilakukan dengan penggunaan galur tahan hama melalui seleksi karakteristik morfologi daun (kerapatan trikoma). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui intensitas kerusakan daun oleh serangan hama, dan korelasi antara kerapatan trikoma daun kedelai dengan ketahanan galur terhadap serangan ulat grayak. Penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 2 tahap yaitu penelitian deskriptif dan eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), 2 kali ulangan. Apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) 5%. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah 45 galur kedelai dan S. litura instar II sejumlah 450 ekor. Data hasil penelitian meliputi nilai intensitas kerusakan daun, ketahanan galur oleh serangan ulat grayak dan kerapatan trikoma. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan nilai intensitas kerusakan daun, ketahanan 45 galur kedelai (Glycine max L.) dapat dikelompokkan menjadi 4 galur kategori sangat tahan (ST), 4 galur tahan (T), 9 galur agak tahan (AT), 24 galur rentan (R), dan 3 galur sangat rentan (SR). Perbedaan galur kedelai (Glycine max L.) berpengaruh nyata terhadap ketahanan dari serangan ulat grayak (S. litura). Berdasarkan kerapatan trikoma diketahui menunjukkan korelasi negatif dengan intensitas serangan ulat grayak (S. litura) yang berarti semakin tinggi kerapatan trikoma daun, maka semakin rendah intensitas serangan ulat grayak (S. litura).</p><p>Kata Kunci: Kedelai, trikoma, ulat grayak <br /><br /></p>
APLIKASI SITOGENETIKA UNTUK MENDETEKSI ABNORMALITAS KROMOSOM PADA Benign Barrett’s EPITHELIUM YANG MENGALAMI TRANSFORMASI MALIGNA
Authors: Milliana Alvi 
Published: November 2016

<em>Barrett’s esophagus is a metaplastic alteration of the normal distal esophageal epithelium. Barrett’s esophagus is present in 10%–20% of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Its major significance is as a predisposing factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma, which carries a high mortality rate and a rapidly growing incidence in the United States. Esophageal adenocarcinoma carries a grave prognosis, with a relative 3-year survival rate of only 20% in the United States from 1995–1998. Cancer arises in BE through a multistep sequence of events initiated by chronic GERD that leads to metaplasia, dysplasia, and adenocarcinoma sequence. Primary pathogenetic changes in cancer result from balanced rearrangements of chromosome. Losses of chromosomes 4, 18, 21, and Y were the most frequent numeric changes. The chromosome arms most frequently rearranged were 1p, 3q, 11p and 22p. Evidence of chromosomal rearrangements [t(10;16) and dup (11q)] appeared during the early stages of the BEC model. After further validation, in-vivo, they may be clinically useful for diagnosis of BE, progressing to dysplasia or esophageal adenocarcinoma</em>
SKRINING AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN JAMU SUBUR KANDUNGAN KOMERSIAL
Authors: Ahmad Mujahidin 
Published: November 2016

<p><em>Selection of traditional medicine is often considered as a choice since the affordable price and low side effects than chemical drugs. One of the well-known herbal medicine produced and consumed in java is Madura Herbal Medicine (MHM). MHM "Subur Kandungan" is one of the original medicinal products which is widely known in inducing fertility, but has not been scientifically standardized so make this many doubt for its usefulness. With the standardization and scientific assessment, MHM ought to be accepted in the modern medical system as well as lead in increasing both society revenues and public health. MHM "Subur Kandungan" consist of garlic (Allium sativum L.), Sweet Flag (Acorus calamus L.), and Intersection rhizome mango (Curcuma mangga Val.) is widely recognized as efficacious herbal medicine for inducing fertility. To determine the potency of those three plants, these were extracted by ethanol and continued by testing the antioxidant potential (DPPH) both individually and mixed. Assessments of phytochemical and antimicrobial potency were discussed. Test results showed that antioxidant activity represented by DPPH IC<sub>50</sub> values of ethanol extract of A. sativum, A. calamus, C. mangga and a mixture of those are 383.56, 335.68, 32.48, </em><em>27.773 µg</em><em>/ml (ppm) respectively. Allium sativum and A.calamus are weak antioxidants as having IC<sub>50</sub> in the range of 250-500 ppm, while the C. mangga and a mixture of those have strong antioxidant content as having IC<sub>50</sub> of less than 50 ppm. Allegedly due to the high antioxidant content of the content of steroids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, diterpene, triterpenes, and alcaloids in A. calamus, also contains steroids, flavonoids, glycosides, diterpene, triterpenes and alaloids on A. sativum and also the presence of terpenoids as compound intersection primary contained in C. mangga respectively.</em></p>
UJI ANTIOKSIDAN JAMU MADURA “EMPOT SUPER”
Authors: Holil Kholifah 
Published: November 2016

<p> </p> <em>The purpose of this research is to present scientific information related to madura’s herbal medicine “empot super” and herbal extract made from existing composition of the various constituent plants of empot super. Then, this research spesifically detects antioxidants activity found in herbal medicine and herbal extract expected to provide a scientific assurance either for the industry or the consumen.Samples used in this research are madura’s herbal medicine and herbal extract mixture of various simplisia those are used in the manufacture of empot super herbal medicine. To get those samples, herbal medicine is imported from madura, while the herbal extract is the production of extraction process by using ethanol. The samples are subsequently assay the antioxidants activity by using DPPH method at 571nm.The final result of this research indicates the existance of IC<sub>50</sub> proportion in herbal medicine that is 34,11mg/ml and 45,44mg/ml in herbal extract. Indeed, in the assay of herbal medicine and herbal extract classified as having a very strong antioxidants activity</em>
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BUAH Carica pubescens Lenne & K. Koch YANG TUMBUH DI BEBERAPA TEMPAT DI INDONESIA TERHADAP PENYEMBUHAN LUKA MUKOSA RONGGA MULUT
Authors: Kristanti Risma Aprinda 
Published: November 2016

<em>The aim of this study is to examine the effect of Carica pubescens</em> Lenne &amp; K. Koch <em>extract to the epihtelialization on the wound healing of gingival mucosa and to examine the effect of C. pubescens extract from different region (Dieng and Cangar) to the epithelialization process.Twenty eight adult male albino rats were devided into four group, we created cutlet along 1 cm on the mandibular gingival mucosa below insisiv teeth. K1 group were treated with aquadest while K2 group were treated with C. pubescens extract from Dieng, K3 group were treated with C. pubescens extract from Cangar, and K4 group were treated with policresulen preparations. At the end of fifth day, the rats were sacrificed and the mandibular gingival mucosa were collected for histologist preparations. The result of this study shows that K3 group has the thickest gingival epithel layers while there is no significant different among four group for the thikness gingival epithel layers</em>
ETANOL FUEL GRADE DENGAN METODE ADSORPSI DALAM KOLOM UNGGUN TETAP MENGGUNAKAN ADSORBEN CAO-ZEOLIT GRANULAR
Authors: Dyartanti Endah Retno 
Published: November 2016

<p><strong><em>Abstract: </em></strong><em>Ethanol is a renewable energy source that can reduce carbon emissions. Gasohol is a mixture of fuel grade ethanol with levels &gt;99% with a premium that is used as a substitute for premium fuel. This study aims to obtain ethanol with levels &gt;99% (fuel grade) through the method of adsorption in fixed bed column with granular CaO-zeolite adsorbent. </em><em>Zeolite is modified by ion exchange contained in the zeolite with a solution of Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>. </em><em>This ion exchange will produce CaO-Zeolite. This research will study the effect of ethanol vapor flow rate and weight of CaO-zeolite adsorbent on levels of ethanol produced. Ethanol drying process begins with the distillation process to obtain ethanol up to ±95% levels followed by drying using adsorption method in a fixed bed column. Ethanol in the holding tank is evaporated at a temperature of ±80°C. Ethanol vapor is passed in a fixed bed column containing CaO-zeolite adsorbent, then the output is condensed by the condenser. Liquid ethanol output then stored and analyzed using picnometer. On the variation of flow rate of ethanol-water vapor mixture of 0.5 ml/sec obtained the highest concentration of ethanol is 95.617% after 15 minutes. For the flow rate of 1 ml/sec, the concentration of ethanol increased to 96.823% after 45 minutes and for the flow rate 1.5 ml/sec decreased the concentration of ethanol obtained 95.686% after 30 minutes. For fixed flow rate of ethanol-water vapor mixture 1 ml / sec with a weight of 150 grams adsorbent obtained the highest concentration of 97.272 after 5 minute. For the adsorbent weight 200 grams, the highest ethanol concentration increased to 98.68% after 10 minutes and the weight of adsorbent for 250 grams of the highest ethanol concentration obtained by 98.770% after 5 minutes.<strong></strong></em></p><p><em> </em><strong><em>Keywords</em></strong><em>: adsorption, ethanol, cao-zeolite.</em></p>
Implementasi Aturan Ijin Mendirikan Bangunan (IMB) di Kawasan Sekitar Bencana Lumpur Sidoarjo
Authors: Irawan Nurul Agus , Arsiyah Arsiyah 
Published: November 2016

This study aimed to determine implementation of Sidoarjo Regulation Number 4 of 2012 on Building Permit (IMB) in Tambak Kalisogo village, Jabon subdistrict, Sidoarjo Regency. This study used qualitative research through descriptive approach. Informants in this study was village officials especially in community development field, community that was doing or newly building houses, community that have supporting data, the parties that have qualified in providing information, as well as data in BPPT Sidoarjo. The results of this study indicated that implementation of regulations concerning building permits in Tambak Kalisogo Village quite good. It was influenced by several factors, namely economic factors, customs were still strong and lack of socialization in the village government. While, supporting factor included encouragement the needs and compensatory of mudflow disaster victims.
Level of Arachidonic Acid and State of Peroxidation Processes in Patients with Aspirin-Intolerant Polypous Rhinosinusitis
Authors: Koshel Ivanna 
Published: November 2016

The main peculiarity of aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis pathogenesis is the presence of “genetic block” of constitutive cyclooxygenase being the key enzyme of the arachidonic acid metabolism. It justifies the necessity of studying its metabolic peculiarities.The objective of the research was to determine the level of arachidonic acid as well as the state of lipid and protein peroxidation processes in patients with aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis.Materials and methods. The levels of arachidonic acid, malondialdehyde and oxidative modification of serum proteins were studied in 20 patients with aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis and 7 healthy individuals.Results. Significantly elevated levels of arachidonic levels were observed. The search for alternative metabolic pathways stimulated lipid and protein peroxidation processes and led to the increase in the levels of malondialdehyde and oxidative modification of serum proteins. The peculiarities of biochemical changes indicated pro-inflammatory orientation of lipid metabolism.Conclusions. The obtained data confirmed the hypothesis of “genetic block” of the arachidonic acid metabolism as the main pathogenetic component of aspirin-intolerant polypous rhinosinusitis and allowed us to clearly interpret biochemical picture of the disease.
PRODUKSI SILIKA AMORF DARI SEKAM PADI UNTUK FILLER BARANG JADI KARET MENGGUNAKAN FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTOR
Authors: Falaah Asron Ferdian , Cifriadi Adi , Kumoro Andri Cahyo 
Published: November 2016

Sekam padi yang merupakan limbah pertanian dapat menyebabkan pencemaran lingkungan apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik. Sekam padi mempunyai kandungan silika yang tinggi, sehingga berpotensi dimanfaatkan untuk berbagai aplikasi, salah satunya sebagai bahan pengisi barang jadi karet. Silika dari sekam padi dapat diperoleh dengan cara membakar sekam padi menjadi abu putih yang kaya kandungan silika dalam wujud amorf. Proses pembakaran dengan biaya murah, hemat energi dan dengan waktu cepat merupakan keuntungan dalam memproduksi silika amorf dari sekam padi. Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC) merupakan alat yang bekerja dengan prinsip dasar hidrodinamika fluida yang mampu membakar sekam padi pada suhu pembakaran 600 0C untuk menghasilkan abu berwarna putih dengan kandungan silika amorf mencapai 93% dengan cemaran karbon hanya sekitar 2,1%. Abu berwarna putih hasil pembakaran FBC dimurnikan dari ion-ion logam dengan proses pengkelatan dengan asam sitrat 5%, kemudian diekstraksi dengan larutan NaOH 1,5 N pada suhu 100 0C dan diendapkan dengan menggunakan larutan HCl 1 N pada suhu kamar. Silika amorf hasil dari proses pengendapan kemudian dikeringkan pada suhu 80 0C dan dicuci dengan air suling untuk memastikan ion-ion logam yang tidak diinginkan hilang.
Long-term Prediction of Cardiovascular Outcomes by Circulating CD34+ and CD34+CD133+ Stem Cells in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Fadini Gian Paolo , Rigato Mauro , Cappellari Roberta , Bonora Benedetta Maria , Avogaro Angelo 
Published: November 2016

OBJECTIVE
Cardiovascular risk varies substantially in the population with diabetes, and biomarkers can improve risk stratification. Circulating stem cells predict future cardiovascular events and death, but data for the population with diabetes are scant. In this study we evaluated the ability of circulating stem cell levels to predict future cardiovascular outcomes and improve risk discrimination in patients with type 2 diabetes.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
A cohort of 187 patients with type 2 diabetes was monitored for a median of 6.1 years. The primary outcome was time to a first cardiovascular event, defined as 3-point major adverse cardiovascular event (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) plus hospitalization for cardiovascular causes. At baseline, we measured six stem/progenitor cell phenotypes in peripheral blood based on expression of CD34, CD133, and KDR.

RESULTS
The primary outcome occurred in 48 patients (4.5/100 patient-years). Patients with incident cardiovascular events had significantly lower CD34+ and CD34+CD133+ cells than those without. Higher rates of cardiovascular events occurred in patients with below median levels of CD34+ and CD34+CD133+. In Cox proportional hazards regression analyses, a reduced CD34+ (hazard ratio 2.21 [95% CI 1.14–4.29]) and CD34+CD133+ (2.98 [1.46–6.08]) cell count independently predicted future events. Addition of the CD34+ cell count to the reference model or the UK Prospective Diabetes Study risk engine improved C statistics, continuous net reclassification improvement, and/or integrated discrimination index.

CONCLUSIONS
In patients with type 2 diabetes, a reduced baseline level of circulating CD34+ stem cells predicts adverse cardiovascular outcomes up to 6 years later and improves risk stratification.