bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Advances in the Cascade Cyclization of Alkyne Units for the Construction of Benzofluorenes
Authors: Jiang Shimin , Yang Ruchun , Song Xian‐Rong , Xiao Qiang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBenzofluorenes are an important class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are widely used in materials science for light‐sensitive electronic components. In addition, the benzofluorene skeleton also serves as a key structural unit in various natural products. Therefore, the development of synthetic strategies for the construction of benzofluorenes has been a prominent research topic in synthetic chemistry. Over the past few decades, numerous efforts have been made for the construction of benzofluorenes via cascade cyclization of alkyne units. This review aims to summarize recent advances in the cascade cyclization of alkyne units for the construction of Based on the different reaction mechanisms underlying these transformations, this review can be divided into four categories: (1) thermal‐induced cascade cyclization of alkyne units for the construction of benzofluorenes, (2) metal‐catalyzed cascade cyclization of alkyne units for the construction of benzofluorenes, (3) acid‐promoted/catalyzed cyclization of alkyne units for the construction of benzofluorenes, and (4) base‐promoted cascade cyclization of alkyne units for the construction of benzofluorenes.
CRISPR/Cas13 sgRNA‐Mediated RNA–RNA Interaction Mapping in Live Cells with APOBEC RNA Editing
Authors: Diao Li‐Ting , Xie Shu‐Juan , Xu Wan‐Yi , Zhang Hai‐Hui , Hou Ya‐Rui , Hu Yan‐Xia , Liang Xin‐Xiang , Liang Jun‐Bin , Zhang Qi , Xiao Zhen‐Dong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCurrent research on long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) has predominantly focused on identifying their protein partners and genomic binding sites, leaving their RNA partners largely unknown. To address this gap, the study has developed a method called sarID (sgRNA scaffold assisted RNA‐RNA interaction detection), which integrates Cas13‐based RNA targeting, sgRNA engineering, and proximity RNA editing to investigate lncRNA‐RNA interactomes. By applying sarID to the lncRNA NEAT1, over one thousand previously unidentified binding transcripts are discovered. sarID is further expanded to investigate binders of XIST, MALAT1, NBR2, and DANCR, demonstrating its broad applicability in identifying lncRNA‐RNA interactions. The findings suggest that lncRNAs may regulate gene expression by interacting with mRNAs, expanding their roles beyond known functions as protein scaffolds, miRNA sponges, or guides for epigenetic modulators. sarID has the potential to be adapted for studying other specific RNAs, providing a novel immunoprecipitation‐free method for uncovering RNA partners and facilitating the exploration of the RNA‐RNA interactome.
Rhodium‐Alloyed Beta Gallium Oxide Materials: New Type Ternary Ultra‐Wide Bandgap Semiconductors
Authors: Zha Xian‐Hu , Wan Yu‐Xi , Li Shuang , Zhang Dao Hua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBeta gallium oxide (β‐Ga2O3) is an ultra‐wide‐bandgap semiconductor with advantages for high‐power electronics. However, the power resistance of β‐Ga2O3‐based devices is still much lower than its material limit due to its flat band dispersion at its valence band maximum (VBM) and the difficulty for p‐type doping. Here, β‐Ga2O3‐based new type ternary ultra‐wide bandgap semiconductors: β‐(RhxGa1‐x)2O3’s alloys are reported with x up to 0.5. The energy and band‐dispersion curvature of β‐Ga2O3’s VBM are significantly enhanced via Rh‐alloying. Compared to that in β‐Ga2O3, the β‐(RhxGa1‐x)2O3’s VBMs increase more than 1.35 eV. The hole mass of β‐(Rh0.25Ga0.75)2O3 is only 52.3% of that in β‐Ga2O3. The decreased hole mass is correlated with the equal Rh─O bond along the b‐axis. Thanks to the simultaneous rise of conduction band minimums, the bandgaps of β‐(RhxGa1‐x)2O3 are still much larger than that in commercial silicon carbide. Moreover, the alloys show direct bandgaps in a wide range of x, and a direct and ultra‐wide bandgap of 4.10 eV is determined in β‐(Rh0.3125Ga0.6875)2O3. Combined with the enhanced valence energy, reduced hole mass, and ultra‐wide bandgap, the β‐(RhxGa1‐x)2O3 can be candidate semiconductors for a new generation of power electronics, ultraviolet optoelectronics, and complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) technologies.
From Plant Oils to High‐Performance Supercapacitor Electrode: Poly(guaiazulene) via Photopolymerization
Authors: Ermis Sena , Altinisik Sinem , Catoglu Fahri , Yagci Yusuf , Sari Erdem , Jockusch Steffen , Koyuncu Sermet , Kaya Kerem 
Published: October 2024

AbstractDue to the increasing global demand for electrical energy, the fabrication of advanced energy storage devices, such as supercapacitors (SCs), with outstanding performance is of paramount importance. Herein, the facile light‐induced synthesis of a conjugated conductive polymer, namely, poly(guaiazulene) (PGz) is reported on, using a naturally available, low‐cost monomer, guaiazulene (Gz). PGz and PGz_rGO (obtained by combining PGz with reduced graphene oxide (rGO)) exhibited high‐performance supercapacitor (SC) electrode properties, including remarkable specific capacitance (52.75 F g−1 at 0.24 A g−1 and 258.6 F g−1 at 5.00 A g−1, respectively), excellent cycling stability (97.1% and 94.0% stability after 5000 cycles), high power density (95.5 and 2118.8 W kg−1), and, most importantly, high energy density (5.81 and 30.57 Wh kg−1). These superior features are attributed to the hierarchical porous nature and high electrical/ionic conductivities of the photochemically obtained PGz. Contrary to previous techniques that require harsh reaction conditions, such as carbonization and coupling reactions, the reported photopolymerization involves solely the irradiation of an ethyl acetate solution of a Gz‐organic photoinitiator (2‐bromoacetophenone) mixture. The photochemical synthesis described here provides a powerful method to produce a sustainable and high‐performance SC electrode material, offering a great alternative to commercial SCs.
A High‐capacity Benzoquinone Derivative Anode for All‐organic Long‐cycle Aqueous Proton Batteries
Authors: Wu Sicheng , Taylor Mackenzie , Guo Haocheng , Wang Shuhao , Han Chen , Vongsvivut Jitraporn , Meyer Quentin , Sun Qian , Ho Junming , Zhao Chuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractQuinone compounds, with the ability to uptake protons, are promising electrodes for aqueous batteries. However, their applications are limited by the mediocre working potential range and inferior rate performance. Herein, we examined quinones bearing different substituents, and for the first time introduce tetraamino‐1,4‐benzoquinone (TABQ) as anode material for proton batteries. The strong electron‐donating amino groups can effectively narrow the band gap and lower the redox potentials of quinone materials. The protonation of amino groups and the amorphization of structure result in the formation of an intermolecular hydrogen‐bond network, supporting Grotthuss‐type proton conduction in the electrode with a low activation energy of 192.7 meV. The energy storage mechanism revealed by operando FT‐IR and ex situ XPS features a reversible quinone‐hydroquinone conversion during cycling. TABQ demonstrates a remarkable specific capacity of 307 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1, which is one of the highest among organic proton electrodes. An all‐organic proton battery of TABQ//TCBQ has also been developed, achieving exceptional stability of 3500 cycles at room temperature and excellent performance at sub‐zero temperature.
Why Mg2IrH6 Is Predicted to Be a High‐Temperature Superconductor, But Ca2IrH6 Is Not
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Pickett Warren E. , Hutcheon Michael , Prasankumar Rohit P. , Zurek Eva 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe X2MH6 family, consisting of an electropositive cation Xn+ and a main group metal M octahedrally coordinated by hydrogen, have been identified as promising templates for high‐temperature conventional superconductivity. Herein, we analyze the electronic structure of two members of this family, Mg2IrH6 and Ca2IrH6, showing why the former may possess superconducting properties rivaling those of the cuprates, whereas the latter does not. Within Mg2IrH6 the vibrations of the anions IrH64− anions are key for the superconducting mechanism, and they induce coupling in the
set of orbitals, which are antibonding between the H 1s and the Ir
or
orbitals. Because calcium possesses low‐lying d‐orbitals,
→Ca d back‐donation is preferred, quenching the superconductivity. Our analysis explains why high critical temperatures were only predicted for second or third row X metal atoms, and may provide rules for identifying likely high‐temperature superconductors in other systems where the antibonding anionic states are filled.
High internal phase water‐in‐oil emulsions: Trends and challenges on production and stabilization
Authors: Fonseca Larissa Ribas , Santos Matheus Augusto Silva , Silva Thaís Jordânia , Santos Tatiana Porto , Cunha Rosiane Lopes 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe replacement of saturated fats is a current trend in the food industry, leading to the search for new strategies that still allow keeping the technological properties of the products. In this view, high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) have been an attractive alternative for this replacement, especially water‐in‐oil (W/O) emulsions, as they reduce the total amount of fats, while at the same time maintain high viscosity and texture similar to saturated fats. However, the formation of W/O HIPEs presents several challenges regarding their formation and stability. Herein, we discuss challenges and opportunities regarding the use of W/O HIPEs. By exploring the factors that affect the properties of these systems, we can provide better strategies to stabilize and optimize the structural and rheological properties of W/O HIPEs. Such factors include, for instance, the effect of different compounds with different particular physical properties (i.e., structuring and emulsifying), such as waxes, monoacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, lecithin and polyglycerol polyricinoleate. Therewith, this review aims to provide in‐depth insights into the production and stabilization of W/O HIPEs, focusing especially on different compounds, ultimately enhancing emulsion techno‐functionality.
Investigation of anti‐ozone effects of phenolic natural antiozonants in cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene rubber composites via molecular simulation and experimental validation
Authors: Zhao Caiwei , Luan Yajie , Han Changfeng , Wu Sizhu , Wu Youping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe large number of unsaturated double bonds contained in the cis‐1,4‐polybutadiene rubber (BR) makes it susceptible to the problem of ozone aging. At this point in the industry, adding a synthetic antiozonant, like N‐(1,3‐dimethylbutyl)‐N′‐phenyl‐p‐phenylenediamine (6PPD), is the most popular way to delay the rubber ozone aging process. However, several recent studies have shown that 6PPD is hazardous to biological health. In order to find less toxic and environmentally friendly antiozonants, natural antiozonants are considered as rubber additions. Due to some limitations of traditional experimental methods, the structure–property relationship during ozone aging is not studied thoroughly enough from the mechanistic aspect. Therefore, this study will use a combination of molecular simulation and experimental methods to investigate the anti‐ozone effect of three phenolic natural antiozonants in BR. The experimental results show that the anti‐ozone effects were: pterostilbene > flavonol > ferulic acid, which is consistent with the simulation prediction. This study may provide candidates for screening natural antiozonants in the direction of anti‐aging in rubber composites.
Effect of expanded perlite as an environmentally friendly flame‐retardant in semi‐rigid polyurethane foam
Authors: Guliyev Royal , Tekin Nalan , Bora Mustafa Özgür , Yağcı Yavuz Emre 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe objective of the present study is to synthesize semi‐rigid polyurethane foam/expanded perlite (SrPUF/EP) composites using different amounts of EP, a natural and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional halogen‐containing flame‐retardants in a one‐step process. This study investigates the mechanical, physical, thermal, and morphological properties, as well as the flame‐retardant and smoke release behaviors of composites. The cone calorimetry test results indicated that the amounts of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide released during combustion process decreased by 43% and 37%, respectively, in the 8% EP‐added SrPUF/EP composite (4SrPUF). The amount of char residue formed after complete combustion of 4SrPUF composite was found to be 2.7 times higher than that of pure SrPUF. In the UL‐94 test, it was observed that when 4% or more EP was added to SrPUF, the liquid dripping during combustion ceased entirely, and after complete combustion, the main structure remained in the form of char without disintegration. The flexural strength of 1SrPUF, 2SrPUF, and 3SrPUF exhibited increases of 62%, 69%, and 121%, respectively, in comparison to SrPUF (47.15 kPa). The results of this study indicate that EP has the potential to serve as an environmentally friendly and cost‐effective flame‐retardant, thereby enhancing the fire resistance properties of SrPUF.
Tailored Nanoarchitectures: MoS₂/Graphene and MoS2/Graphene Oxide Thin Films via Liquid‐Liquid Interfacial Route
Authors: Schmidt Ariane , Pereira Amanda F. , Zarbin Aldo J. G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe nanostructured assembly of different two‐dimensional (2D) materials in specific organization is crucial for developing materials with synergistic properties. In this study, we present a general methodology to prepare thin, transparent and self‐assembled films of 2D/2D composites based on molybdenum sulfide (MoS2)/graphene oxide (GO) or MoS2/reduced graphene oxide (rGO), through the liquid/liquid interfacial route. Different nanoarchitectures are obtained by changing simple experimental parameters during the thin film preparation steps. The films were characterized by UV‐Vis and Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and cyclic voltammetry, evidencing that the experimental route used plays a role in the organization and properties of the assembled nanoarchitectures. Likewise, nanostructures of MoS2/GO and MoS2/rGO prepared through the same route have different organizations due to the different interactions between the materials. This showcases the potential of the technique to prepare tailored nanoarchitectures with specific properties for various applications, paving the way for innovative nanotechnology and materials science applications.
Active fault‐tolerant control of multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle system with time‐varying topology
Authors: Dong Lijing , Xie Ying , Han Chongchong , Du Shengli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper studies an active fault‐tolerant control problem for multi‐UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) system with time‐varying topology subject to actuator failures. A polytopic model is used to construct the time‐varying topological structure. Based on the quantitative estimation method of actuator faults' upper limit, an adaptive fault‐tolerant tracking control strategy is established by an active adjusting control parameters to compensate for unknown actuator faults, so as to obtain consensus tracking under time‐varying topology. Furthermore, the comparison simulations with the traditional control algorithm are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the obtained results. The tracking control strategy in this paper has better fault tolerance performance with short tracking time and superior robustness.
Effizienz und Behaglichkeit von Wärmeenergie und Potenziale akkubetriebener Wärmekleidung in Innenräumen
Authors: Möller Eberhard , Ruszynski Ralf , Schweiker Marcel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAllein für das Heizen von Gebäuden nutzt Deutschland im Winter mehr als 50 % des gesamten Endenergieverbrauchs. Damit gehen entsprechende klimaverändernde Nebenwirkungen einher. Allerdings erreicht nur ein minimaler Bruchteil des Aufwands die Menschen. Die Effizienz in Bezug auf den unmittelbaren menschlichen Nutzen ist entsprechend gering. Akkubetriebene Wärmekleidung hingegen wirkt direkt und kann die Behaglichkeit fördern. Ein Experiment der Firma SMA Solar Technology AG zeigt das große Potenzial des Ansatzes aktiver Wärmekleidung in Verbindung mit reduzierter Raumtemperatur. Ein Paradigmenwechsel weg vom indirekten Heizen hin zum unmittelbaren Wärmen von Menschen wird zwar eine herausfordernde Entwicklung für die Gesellschaft darstellen, kann aber wesentlich zu einer sinnvollen Balance zwischen Verbrauch und Gewinnung regenerativer Energie beitragen.
Acetaminophen production in the edible, filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis
Authors: Hilzinger Jacob M. , Friedline Skyler , Sivanandan Divya , Cheng Ya‐Fang , Yamazaki Shunsuke , Clark Douglas S. , Skerker Jeffrey M. , Arkin Adam P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpirulina is the common name for the edible, nonheterocystous, filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis that is grown industrially as a food supplement, animal feedstock, and pigment source. Although there are many applications for engineering this organism, until recently no genetic tools or reproducible transformation methods have been published. While recent work showed the production of a diversity of proteins in A. platensis, including single‐domain antibodies for oral delivery, there remains a need for a modular, characterized genetic toolkit. Here, we independently establish a reproducible method for the transformation of A. platensis and engineer this bacterium to produce acetaminophen as proof‐of‐concept for small molecule production in an edible host. This work opens A. platensis to the wider scientific community for future engineering as a functional food for nutritional enhancement, modification of organoleptic traits, and production of pharmaceuticals for oral delivery.
Huangqi‐Guizhi‐Wuwutang protects against oligospermia in mice by promoting the proliferation of spermatogenic stem cells: A comprehensive study using HPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS and experimental pharmacology
Authors: Zhao Yuan , Wu Jinru , Li Xiangbin , Zheng Lin , Chen Qiugu , Zhang Shangbin , Chen Jianping 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe classical traditional Chinese medicine formula Huangqi‐Guizhi‐Wuwutang (HGW) has been shown to enhance sperm production. However, the bioactive components and comprehensive mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects remain unclear. The present study investigates the potential active ingredients and underlying mechanisms of HGW against spermatogenesis dysfunction. The chemical components of HGW were analyzed by mass spectrometry. And then the “components‐targets‐pathway‐disease” network was constructed using network pharmacology research methods, which aimed to identify the key active components and potential targets of HGW in treating oligospermia. Experimental validation was finally conducted in animal model. The male‐specific pathogen‐free Kunming mice were divided into five groups: Sham group, Model group, and HGW groups (8, 16, and 32 g/kg of HGW by gavage for 35 days). Chemical profile and network pharmacology results revealed that potential bioactive compounds were dihydrocinnacasside, isomucronulatol, and 6‐gingerol, and the mechanism of which was enriched in regulating spermatogenic stem cells (SSCs), endocrine function, and apoptosis. The administration of HGW significantly improved oligospermia in mice. HGW significantly upregulated the expression of marker proteins in SSCs and the potential targets within the testis simultaneously. Our data indicates that HGW enhances the proliferation of SSCs, and HGW can be a promising therapeutic candidate for oligospermia.
Top management team stability and ESG greenwashing: Evidence from China
Authors: Deng Bofu , Peng Zhenge , Albitar Khaldoon , Ji Li 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study examines the relationship between top management team stability (STMT) and ESG greenwashing. Using a sample of Chinese listed companies for the period 2009–2022, we find that top management team stability has a negative effect on ESG greenwashing. Mechanism tests provide evidence that top management team stability reduces greenwashing by decreasing agency costs and improving the quality of information disclosure. Additional analysis reveals that this relationship is more pronounced for firms audited by non‐Big Four firms, non‐state‐owned enterprises, and firms with high executive shareholding. The study combines the characteristics of internal human capital with the efficiency of market information, offering a new perspective in the literature on ESG greenwashing.
Development of a predictive model for patients with bone metastases referred to palliative radiotherapy: Secondary analysis of a multicenter study (the PRAIS trial)
Authors: Rossi Romina , Medici Federica , Habberstad Ragnhild , Klepstad Pal , Cilla Savino , Dall'Agata Monia , Kaasa Stein , Caraceni Augusto Tommaso , Morganti Alessio Giuseppe , Maltoni Marco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe decision to administer palliative radiotherapy (RT) to patients with bone metastases (BMs), as well as the selection of treatment protocols (dose, fractionation), requires an accurate assessment of survival expectancy. In this study, we aimed to develop three predictive models (PMs) to estimate short‐, intermediate‐, and long‐term overall survival (OS) for patients in this clinical setting.Materials and MethodsThis study constitutes a sub‐analysis of the PRAIS trial, a longitudinal observational study collecting data from patients referred to participating centers to receive palliative RT for cancer‐induced bone pain. Our analysis encompassed 567 patients from the PRAIS trial database. The primary objectives were to ascertain the correlation between clinical and laboratory parameters with the OS rates at three distinct time points (short: 3 weeks; intermediate: 24 weeks; prolonged: 52 weeks) and to construct PMs for prognosis. We employed machine learning techniques, comprising the following steps: (i) identification of reliable prognostic variables and training; (ii) validation and testing of the model using the selected variables. The selection of variables was accomplished using the LASSO method (Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator). The model performance was assessed using receiver operator characteristic curves (ROC) and the area under the curve (AUC).ResultsOur analysis demonstrated a significant impact of clinical parameters (primary tumor site, presence of non‐bone metastases, steroids and opioid intake, food intake, and body mass index) and laboratory parameters (interleukin 8 [IL‐8], chloride levels, C‐reactive protein, white blood cell count, and lymphocyte count) on OS. Notably, different factors were associated with the different times for OS with only IL‐8 included both in the PMs for short‐ and long‐term OS. The AUC values for ROC curves for 3‐week, 24‐week, and 52‐week OS were 0.901, 0.767, and 0.806, respectively.ConclusionsWe successfully developed three PMs for OS based on easily accessible clinical and laboratory parameters for patients referred to palliative RT for painful BMs. While our findings are promising, it is important to recognize that this was an exploratory trial. The implementation of these tools into clinical practice warrants further investigation and confirmation through subsequent studies with separate databases.