bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI PEMISAHAN RADIOISOTOP TERBIUM-161 BERBASIS KROMATOGRAFI KOLOM UNTUK APLIKASI TERAPI KANK
Authors: Aziz Azmairit 
Published: October 2017

PENINGKATAN EFISIENSI PEMISAHAN RADIOISOTOP TERBIUM-161 BERBASIS KROMATOGRAFI KOLOM UNTUK APLIKASI TERAPI KANKER. Angka kematian akibat kanker terus meningkat setiap tahun. Endoradioterapi, teknik nuklir menggunakan radionuklida untuk terapi kanker, merupakan teknik yang kompetitif dalam menangani penyakit kanker. Terbium-161 (161Tb) adalah radiolantanida pemancar-β- lemah (Eβ-rata-rata = 0,150 MeV) dan memiliki waktu paro selama 6,9 hari yang potensial untuk terapi kanker ukuran kecil. Pada penelitian sebelumnya telah diperoleh pemisahan 161Tb dari hasil iradiasi bahan sasaran Gd2O3 diperkaya isotop 160Gd dengan metode kromatografi ekstraksi. Akan tetapi yield 161Tb yang diperoleh masih rendah, yaitu ~ 93%. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan upaya untuk meningkatkan efisiensi pemisahan 161Tb dari hasil iradiasi bahan sasaran Gd2O3 diperkaya isotop 160Gd menggunakan berbagai ukuran dan jenis resin Ln. Bahan sasaran Gd2O3 diperkaya isotop 160Gd (98,4 %) diiradiasi di RSG-G.A.Siwabessy. Radioisotop 161Tb dipisahkan dari matriks Gd/Tb hasil iradiasi Gd2O3 dengan metode kromatografi ekstraksi menggunakan kolom resin Ln yang memiliki ukuran partikel 20 – 50, 50 – 100 dan 100 – 150 μm serta catridge resin Ln, Ln2 dan Ln3 dengan ukuran partikel 50 – 100 μm sebagai fase diam. Sebagai fase gerak digunakan larutan HNO3 0,8N dan 3N masing-masing untuk memisahkan isotop gadolinium dan terbium. Pada penelitian ini diperoleh peningkatan efisiensi pemisahan 161Tb menggunakan catridge resin Ln dengan ukuran partikel 50 – 100 μm (ditandem 2 buah) dengan yield sebesar 100 ± 0,1% dan Gd recovery sebesar 97,65 ± 0,2%. Radioisotop 161Tb hasil pemisahan memiliki kemurnian radionuklida 99,98 ± 0,01%. Sediaan radioisotop 161TbCl3 yang dihasilkan memiliki kemurnian radiokimia sebesar 99,92 ± 0,2%.
Responsabilidad estatal y Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho. Elementos para una política de defensa jurídica en Colombia
Authors: Parra Ramírez Gustavo , Jiménez William Guillermo 
Published: October 2017

El Estado Social y Democrático de Derecho –ESDD– es un modelo que genera profundas implicaciones en cuanto a la protección y garantía de los derechos fundamentales de las personas; en este sentido, exige un gran compromiso de los agentes y funcionarios públicos para evitar causar daños a los conciudadanos por su acción u omisión. El objetivo del artículo es aportar elementos teóricos y jurídicos para una mejor comprensión sobre la responsabilidad del Estado colombiano en el marco del ESDD, el cual se constituye en una de las categorías centrales del análisis sobre la defensa jurídica del Estado. Es un estudio explicativo y correlacional, con método cualitativo que utiliza las técnicas de revisión documental y observación directa aplicada sobre fuentes primarias y secundarias. Se concluye que la adopción del ESDD ha generado un régimen de responsabilidad estatal más sensible y ampliado, pero simultáneamente, no ha habido un cambio positivo en la acción de los agentes del Estado frente a la producción del daño antijurídico, lo que resulta en un aumento desaforado de las demandas y condenas contra la Nación y por consiguiente, la necesidad de diseñar y evaluar la política pública de defensa jurídica del Estado.
Prevalence of malnutrition among under five children of urban slums of Berhampur, Odisha, India: a community a community based cross-sectional study
Authors: Geetanjali Sethy Srabani , Jena Dhaneswari , Jena Parsuram , Pradhan Srabani , Biswas Tapan 
Published: October 2017

Background: Under five children constitute the most vulnerable segment and their nutritional status and mortality rate is a sensitive indicator of the community’s health and nutrition. Prevalence of underweight is 35.7%, wasting is 21% and stunting 38.4% in India and for Odisha, it is 34.4%, 20.4 % and 34.1% respectively. Health indices of slum children are worst among all urban groups and are even poorer than rural average. Severe PEM is often associated with infection contributing to high child mortality in underprivileged communities of slum dwellers. Objectives of present study were to find out prevalence of under nutrition and its severity among the study population and to identify socio-demographic factors associated with malnutrition.Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2015 September2016 in urban slum area of Berhampur city. Data were collected from 300 mothers of children aged 6-59 months using pre-tested semi structured questionnaires and measuring weight, height and MUAC of the children. Analysis was done using spss version- 20, Chi-square values and proportions were calculated.Results: 69% of 300 children were having under nutrition in the form of underweight (55.3%), wasting (75%) and stunting (42%). Overlapping of different type of malnutrition was seen. Maximum number of underweight children belongs to age group 37-60 months (52.6%) followed by other two age groups. 21.3% were severely wasted and 20% were severely underweight. Factors found to be significantly associated with prevalence of malnutrition were maternal education, hygienic and feeding practices of mother.Conclusions: Malnutrition is widely prevalent among study population more than the state and national prevalence. With increasing age cumulative increase in prevalence of malnutrition is seen perhaps due to persistence and addition of causative factors. Maternal education, faulty feeding practice and hygienic practice are contributory factor of this high prevalence of disease.
المعنى الظاهر والمعنى الباطن عند الحسين الذهبي في التفسير والمفسورن
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Farid 
Published: October 2017

This is a mini research by using literature review to examine the extent of the thought concept about dzahir and bathin meaning by Husain al Dzahabi and other interpreters and then analyzed by linguistics-semantics. Based on the study, the author concludes that: first, the dialogue of thought about dhahir and bathin meaning has produced various characteristics of Qur'anic interpretation as dynamic and meaningful text. Second, dzahir meaning has a clearer character, and is considered stronger as hujjah, but the bathin meaning can also be accepted scientifically if it is supported by the right dalil or qarinah. Third, both in aqli and naqli, the existence of dzahir and bathin meaning is justified. Fourth, the Qur'anic discourse is the more suitable approach in line with the rules of Qur’anic understanding and the standard of interpretation in Islam.
Analíse Comparativa de Custos Entre Concreto Betuminoso Usinado a Quente (Cbuq) e Tratamento Superficial Duplo (Tsd)
Authors: Veggi Edgar dos Santos , Magalhães Sérgio Luiz Moraes 
Published: October 2017

O presente trabalho aborda as características técnicas e discorre sobre análise comparativa entre Concreto Betuminoso Usinado a Quente (CBUQ) e Tratamento Superficial Duplo (TSD). A pavimentação está relacionada com o aumento da demanda do tráfego, fazendo-se necessário novas vias pavimentadas. Realiza-se comparação de custos dos revestimentos propostos, utilizando a taxa de crescimento do tráfego com base em uma contagem de tráfego simulada, próxima à realidade. As características dos pavimentos expõem as situações de uso que atendam as condicionantes para construção, conservação e manutenção. A composição de custo foi feita por meios estatísticos do Departamento Nacional de Infraestrutura e Transporte (DNIT), numa amostra a nível nacional, que assegura mais abrangência a este trabalho. Traçado o gráfico de custos dos dois revestimentos, encontra-se o break even point, em que não há divergência de custos para ambos revestimentos. O trabalho é concluído com parâmetros propostos e comparados em relação ao dimensionamento dos pavimentos e custos finais, expondo métodos econômicos para se trabalhar com pavimentação asfáltica.
A Lei de Uso e Ocupação do Solo de Cuiabá-MT e Suas Consequências Ambientais
Authors: Sampaio Mariza de M. A. 
Published: October 2017

O contínuo processo de urbanização aliado, à falta de planejamento integrado, vem causando alterações climáticas significativas, dificultando o cumprimento das exigências humanas, principalmente, em relação ao conforto ambiental e à saúde física e psicológica da população. As alterações experimentadas pela urbanização modificam o clima urbano pelas alterações no relevo, pelas variações na rugosidade do solo e pela diminuição da cobertura vegetal, além de muitos outros fatores. Esta pesquisa trata da análise da efetividade da Lei de Uso e Ocupação do Solo do município de Cuiabá-MT, no alcance de níveis de conforto ambiental mais adequados ao crescimento urbano. Lidar com todas as nuances que envolvem, tanto o planejamento como a gestão urbana, e até mesmo as questões que extrapolam seus contornos, abrangendo toda uma região, têm-se tornado um dos grandes desafios da atualidade, requerendo esforços interdisciplinares por parte do Estado, pelos pesquisadores, técnicos e por toda a população. Para tal, realizou-se uma comparação de dados de variáveis microclimáticas após 10 anos em um transecto urbano abrangendo toda a extensão da cidade de Cuiabá-MT e sua relação com as mudanças e adaptações observadas no uso e ocupação do solo de 2003/04 à 2013/14. Buscou-se compreender o comportamento e a sensibilidade das variáveis temperatura e umidade relativa do ar frente à pontos de medição na observação dos parâmetros legais de afastamento, permeabilidade do solo, plantio de árvores a cada 5m e ventilação. A análise revelou a importância dos regimentos municipais desse caráter e do controle da prática dos regulamentos em toda a cidade.
O ativismo de rappers e o “progresso intelectual de massa”: uma leitura gramsciana do rap no Brasil
Authors: Loureiro Bráulio 
Published: October 2017

Rappers são compositores e cantores do gênero musical rap. Não raramente, esses artistas extrapolam as fronteiras da música e se dedicam a atividades assistenciais, culturais e políticas direcionadas às populações de seus bairros e da periferia urbana em geral. Este artigo pretende resgatar e apresentar um conjunto de informações a respeito da prática política, da concepção de mundo e da formação política de seis conhecidos rappers ativistas brasileiros. Por meio do material reunido a partir de letras musicais e depoimentos registrados em sites, revistas e documentários, busco sustentar que a ação política e a forma pela qual se educaram faz com que os rappers ativistas apareçam, em determinadas circunstâncias, como educadores da periferia, na direção do papel que Antonio Gramsci conferiu aos intelectuais no processo que chamou de “progresso intelectual de massa”.
Exploring Students Use of Facebook in Formal Learning Contexts
Authors: Annamalai Nagaletchimee 
Published: October 2017

This qualitative study aims to explore the use of Facebook environment in narrative writing. Data were collected from students’ narrative writing and focus group interview. The essays were analysed based on Spandel Assessment Scale (2005).The findings revealed that eventhough students improved their narrative writing, there was lack of in-depth discussion to construct knowledge. It further proposed that teacher needs to facilitate and guide students as time, space and resources are available online. The students indicated that Facebook was beneficial as it was a convenient and engaging writing platform. Students also pointed the availability of web-resources to enhance their writing.There were more positive experiences and fewer negative experiences. Limitations of the study were also discussed along with suggestions for future research.
Algunas reflexiones en torno a la psicología contemporánea
Authors: Rodríguez Arias Enerio 
Published: October 2017

El presente trabajo contiene las reflexiones en torno a la psicología contemporánea. Para mayor facilidad de exposición y de lectura, se organizarán las reflexiones alrededor de dos áreas de problemas: Uno, los problemas en torno al objeto de la psicología; dos, los problemas en torno al método. Los problemas de la interacción objeto-método no recibirán una atención especial y se tratarán en ambas partes del trabajo.
THE STATE AND PROSPECTS OF CULTURAL TOURISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF TATARSTAN
Authors: Вагапова Фирдуас , Vagapova Firduas , ТИМОФЕЕВА Елена , TIMOFEEVA Elena , ИМИНОВА Гульчехра , IMINOVA Gulchehra 
Published: October 2017

The article for the first time provides a holistic analysis of the development of cultural tourism in the Republic of Tatarstan (RT): marks positive results, gives constraints factors of the tourism industry development in the country, offers authorial solutions. The subject of the article is caused by the fact that the cultural tourism is one of the priority types of tourism industry in the country and understanding of the need to find new forms of organization of work with tourists.
The work is based on the method of analysis and synthesis, which allows to analyze the state of cultural tourism in the country, to identify the factors that influence its development. Deductive method, used by researchers in the study of tourism in a particular region, helps to identify the reasons for limiting the genesis of individual tourism industries and allows us to offer new forms of work.
The results of the study led to the following conclusions: the successful development of cultural tourism in the Republic of Tatarstan is provided with the support of public authorities; the region’s development shows positive results in the hotel services, transport services, educational policy, promotional activities, contributing to the growth of cultural tourism in the country; the creation of new tour routes, making it possible to show features of the traditional culture of the Tatars, will contribute to the promotion of tourism development in the region; to improve the cultural tourism services quality can provide greater support to attract residents (residents).
In the study, the authors relied on the research of specialists in the study of tourism features in the regions: Rostov-on-Don (A. V. Babkin), Nizhny Novgorod region (O. S. Kraynova), the Republic of Kabardino-Balkaria (A. V. Thagapsov). The authors used as a source of State Program for tourism development in the Republic of Tatarstan "Development of tourism and hospitality in the Republic of Tatarstan for 2014-2020".
Tax Loss Carrybacks: Investment Stimulus versus Misallocation
Authors: Bethmann Inga , Jacob Martin , Müller Maximilian A. 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACT
Tax regimes treat losses and profits asymmetrically when profits are immediately taxed, but losses are not immediately refunded. We find that treating losses less asymmetrically by granting refunds less restrictively increases loss firms' investment: A third of the refund is invested and the rest is held as cash or returned to shareholders. However, the investment response is driven primarily by firms prone to engage in risky overinvestment. Consistent with the risk of misallocation, we find a delayed exit of low-productivity loss firms receiving less restrictive refunds, indicating potential distortion of the competitive selection of firms. This distortion also negatively affects aggregate output and productivity. Our results suggest that stimulating loss firms' investment with refunds unconditional on their future prospects comes at the risk of misallocation.
JEL Classifications: G31; H21; H25.
Preferentism and the Paradox of Desire
Authors: Skow Bradford 
Published: October 2017

The basic idea behind actualist preferentism is that getting what one wants makes one's life go better. A recent objection to preferentism is the ``paradox of desire.'' In a nutshell, this objection goes like this. I can certainly desire to be badly off. But if a desire-satisfaction theory of welfare is true, then---under certain assumptions---the hypothesis that I desire to be badly off entails a contradiction. So much the worse for desire-satisfaction theories of welfare.
In this paper I show how to formulate preferentism so that the hypothesis that I desire to be badly off does not entail a contradiction. The key is to allow how close someone's desires are to being satisfied to play a role in determining their level of welfare. My version of preferentism implements this idea by allowing desire satisfaction to come in degrees.
Distributing Collective Obligation
Authors: Aas Sean 
Published: October 2017

In this paper I develop an account of member obligation: the obligations that fall on the members of an obligated collective in virtue of that collective obligation. I use this account to argue that unorganized collections of individuals can constitute obligated agents. I argue first that, to know when a collective obligation entails obligations on that collective’s members, we have to know not just what it would take for each member to do their part in satisfying the collective obligation, but also what they should do if they cannot do their part because others will not do theirs. I go on to argue (contra recent proposals) that it is not good enough for members in this situation to reasonably believe that others will not do their part. Rather, for a member of an obligated collective to permissibly escape doing her part in a collective obligation, she must both reasonably doubt that others will do their part and stand ready to act in case others do as well.
This necessary condition for collective obligation points the way to plausible sufficient conditions – conditions that, I argue, allow unstructured collectives to bear obligations. For (a) if a collective’s members are individually obligated to be ready to do their part, in a given collective action, and (b) if that individual readiness makes it sufficiently likely that the collective will in fact act, then it is hard to see what could block an attribution of collective obligation. In particular, in that case there ought to be no additional objection that there is no existing, organized “agent” on which the obligation might fall. For agents are, simply, things that can act. To be able to act is just to be able to succeed by trying. Unstructured collectives try to do something, I argue, when each member acts on their willingness to do their part in that thing if others do theirs; sometimes they succeed, producing a collective action. Some unstructured collectives, therefore, can succeed by trying; therefore, they can act; therefore they are agents.
Towards the Realization of the ICT Education Living Lab – The TechTeachers.co.za Success Story
Authors: A. K. Buitendag Albertus , Gerhardus Hattingh Frederik , Hains Matt 
Published: October 2017

[The final form of this paper was published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology.] This paper presents the success story of the intuitive vision of an ICT high school educator in South Africa. The growth and evolution of a Community of Practice, towards a full-fledged living lab is investigated. A grounded theory study analyses the living lab concept and highlights some of the current challenges secondary high school ICT education face within the South African educational landscape. Some of the concepts, ideas, best practices and lessons learned in the establishment and running of two web based technologies to support secondary school ICT subjects is discussed. The researchers present a motivation for the use of living labs to address some of the issues identified and highlights how the existing platforms fits into bigger design.
Impact of a cross-institutional assessment designed to shape future IT professionals
Authors: Tan Grace , Therese Venables Anne 
Published: October 2017

[The final form of this paper was published in the journal Issues in Informing Science and Information Technology.]
IT graduates need a suite of technical competencies and soft skills married with an understanding of the social and business contexts of the systems that they build. To instill in students an awareness of current IT industry practice coupled with the broader impact of their discipline in society, academics from Xxxx University and Yyyy University initiated an across-institutional collaboration. The initiative resulted in a common formative assessment task undertaken by teams of students enrolled in each institution’s professional development units.
An initial survey of students was undertaken prior to the assessment task. The survey queried students’ perceptions of a broad range of professional attitudes and skill sets needed by IT professionals when compared to non-skilled workers. Upon the completion of the assessment task, students were surveyed again. This paper reports on the surveys’ results noting changes in student perceptions of the importance of personal skills, technical competencies, professional and team working skills, workplace knowledge, and cultural awareness for their future professional lives.
Innovation Education and Diffusion in the United States: Using Literature Derived Knowledge Maps to Develop Research Methodology Strategy
Authors: D Fruehauf Justin , Gregg Kohun Frederick 
Published: October 2017

The idea of innovation, while not new, has taken on a whole new meaning in the 21st century. With his introduction of the ideas of disruptive innovations in the 1990s, Clayton Christensen has quickly become a leader in the field of innovation education. Christensen expanded his theory to encompass not only industry, but also healthcare and education. It is in this field of education that much work remains. Christensen proposes that innovative thinking can be learned. Indeed and entire field of innovation education and innovation curriculum now exist in a few US universities. It is the intent of this study to examine to use of knowledge maps of the literature of innovation education, as defined by Christensen, to establish a research methodology of how innovation is taught in US education systems, specifically comparing vocational programs (machining), and graduate programs in business and engineering.
Clayton Christensen, innovation education, vocational, curriculum