bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Surface Reaction Kinetics of the Oxidation and Reforming of Propane over Rh/Al2O3 Catalysts
Authors: Karakaya Canan , Karadeniz Hüseyin , Maier Lubow , Deutschmann Olaf 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA multi‐step surface reaction mechanism for partial oxidation and steam reforming of propane over Rh/Al2O3 catalysts is presented. The mechanism is also applicable to model reactions of the subsystems H2/CO/H2O/CO2/O2/CH4. A stagnation–flow reactor with a catalytically coated disk is used to determine the surface reaction rate and spatial concentration profiles on top of the catalytic plate using a micro‐probe sampling technique. The reactor configuration facilitates one‐dimensional modeling of coupled diffusive and convective transport within the gas‐phase boundary layer coupled with detailed heterogeneous chemistry models of the zero‐dimensional surface. The reaction system is studied at varying inlet concentrations and temperatures. The established reaction kinetics are furthermore tested by simulation of autothermal reforming of propane in an annular reactor previously described by Pagani.
Catalyst‐Controlled Multicomponent Aziridination of Chiral Aldehydes
Authors: Mukherjee Munmun , Zhou Yubai , Dai Yijing , Gupta AniL K. , Pulgam V. Reddy , Staples Richard J. , Wulff William D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA highly diastereoselective and enantioselective method for the multicomponent aziridination of chiral aldehydes has been developed with BOROX catalysts of the VANOL (3,3′‐diphenyl‐2,2′‐bi‐1‐naphthol) and VAPOL (2,2′‐diphenyl‐(4‐biphenanthrol)) ligands. Very high to perfect catalyst control is observed with most all substrates examined including aldehydes with chiral centers in the α‐ and β‐positions. High catalyst control was also observed for a number of chiral heterocyclic aldehydes allowing for the preparation of epoxy aziridines, bis(aziridines) and ethylene diaziridines. Application of this reaction in the synthesis of β3‐homo‐d‐alloisoleucine and β3‐homo‐l‐isoleucine is reported.
Studying Fast Reaction Kinetics with Online NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: von Harbou Erik , Behrens Richard , Berje Jürgen , Brächer Alexander , Hasse Hans 
Published: December 2016

AbstractA liquid thermostated microreactor Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) probe head is presented that facilitates the investigation of kinetics of fast reactions. With this setup, reaction kinetics can be studied in a broad temperature (–20 – 100 °C) and pressure range (0 – 60 bar). The setup and NMR probe head are discussed from a reaction engineering standpoint based on experiments and simulations. The microreactor probe head widens significantly the range of applications of online NMR spectroscopy for reaction and process monitoring.
Providing differentiated services, congestion management, and deadlock freedom in dragonfly networks with adaptive routing
Authors: Yébenes Pedro , Escudero‐Sahuquillo Jesus , García Pedro J. , Alfaro‐Cortés Francisco‐J. , Quiles Francisco J. 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe number of endnodes in high‐performance computing systems has grown significantly in the last years. Hence, the interconnection network has become an essential issue as it may end up being the system bottleneck if it is not properly designed. In that sense, the Dragonfly topology has become very popular for interconnecting high‐performance computing systems in the last years because it offers high performance at an affordable cost. However, when using deterministic minimal‐path routing, this topology is not able to offer a high performance under certain traffic conditions. This problem can be solved by using oblivious or adaptive routing. However, there are no congestion management techniques specially tailored to Dragonfly topologies using oblivious or adaptive routing. Note that in congestion situations, the Dragonfly performance may drop because of the head‐of‐line blocking effect. This effect could be even more dangerous in systems where several applications with different priorities coexist. In this work we propose several techniques especially designed for providing differentiated services and congestion management in Dragonfly networks using oblivious or adaptive routing. First, we propose the hierarchical 3‐level queuing queuing scheme, which configures several virtual channels distributed into 3 virtual networks to reduce the head‐of‐line blocking while deadlocks derived from the routing algorithm are prevented. Second, we extend hierarchical 3‐level queuing to provide differentiated services through 2 different solutions. Finally, some experiments are performed to show the benefits obtained by using the proposed techniques.
Maximizing the lifetime of reinforced barriers in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Kim Hyunbum , Cobb Jorge A. , Ben‐Othman Jalel 
Published: December 2016

SummaryRecently, barrier‐coverage in wireless sensor networks is a critical issue because it can be used for various applications (e.g., intrusion detection and border protection). Many existing works for barrier‐coverage assume that an intruder penetrates through two opposite sides such as from top to bottom or from bottom to top and focus on constructing barriers to detect those penetrations. However, in many practical scenarios, it should be desirable to detect an intruder that enters the area of interest through any of its sides and passes through any other of its sides. In this paper, we introduce a new barrier‐coverage problem whose goal is maximizing the network lifetime such that any penetration variation of the attacker is guaranteed to be detected. In order to solve the problem, we create a new type of sensor barriers, which is referred as reinforced barriers, that can sense any movement variation of the intruder. Also, we propose four different approaches to construct reinforced barriers from a given layout of sensors and we compare their relative performances for maximum number of reinforced barriers through extensive simulations by various scenarios. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ultrafast Spin Crossover in [FeII(bpy)3]2+: Revealing Two Competing Mechanisms by Extreme Ultraviolet Photoemission Spectroscopy
Authors: Moguilevski Alexandre , Wilke Martin , Grell Gilbert , Bokarev Sergey I. , Aziz Saadullah G. , Engel Nicholas , Raheem Azhr A. , Kühn Oliver , Kiyan Igor Yu. , Aziz Emad F. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPhotoinduced spin‐flip in FeII complexes is an ultrafast phenomenon that has the potential to become an alternative to conventional processing and magnetic storage of information. Following the initial excitation by visible light into the singlet metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer state, the electronic transition to the high‐spin quintet state may undergo different pathways. Here we apply ultrafast XUV (extreme ultraviolet) photoemission spectroscopy to track the low‐to‐high spin dynamics in the aqueous iron tris‐bipyridine complex, [Fe(bpy)3]2+, by monitoring the transient electron density distribution among excited states with femtosecond time resolution. Aided by first‐principles calculations, this approach enables us to reveal unambiguously both the sequential and direct de‐excitation pathways from singlet to quintet state, with a branching ratio of 4.5:1.
Effects of Functional Analytic Psychotherapy Therapist Training on Therapist Factors Among Therapist Trainees in Singapore: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Keng Shian‐Ling , Waddington Emma , Lin Xiangting Bernice , Tan Michelle Su Qing , Henn‐Haase Clare , Kanter Jonathan W. 
Published: December 2016

Functional Analytic Psychotherapy (FAP) is a behavioral psychotherapy intervention that emphasizes the development of an intimate and intense therapeutic relationship as the vehicle of therapeutic change. Recently, research has provided preliminary support for a FAP therapist training (FAPTT) protocol in enhancing FAP competency. The present study aimed to expand on this research by examining the effects of FAPTT on FAP‐specific skills and competencies and a set of broadly desirable therapist qualities (labelled awareness, courage and love in FAPTT) in a sample of therapist trainees in Singapore. The study also evaluated the feasibility and acceptability of FAP in the Singaporean context. Twenty‐five students enrolled in a master's in clinical psychology program were recruited and randomly assigned to receive either eight weekly sessions of a FAPTT course or to a waitlist condition. All participants completed measures assessing empathy, compassionate love, trait mindfulness, authenticity and FAP‐specific skills and competencies pre‐ and post‐training, and at 2‐month follow‐up. A post‐course evaluation was administered to obtain participants' qualitative feedback. Results indicated that compared with the waitlisted group, FAPTT participants reported significant increases in overall empathy, FAP skill and treatment acceptability from pre‐ to post‐training. Improvements were observed on several outcome variables at 2‐month follow‐up. Participants reported finding the training to be both feasible and acceptable, although several raised issues related to the compatibility of the treatment with the local cultural context. Overall, the findings suggest that FAPTT is effective for improving specific FAP competencies and selected broadly desirable therapist qualities among therapist trainees. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Functional Analytic Therapy (FAP) therapist training protocol was effective in improving empathy and FAP skills among Singaporean therapist trainees.
These improvements were maintained at 2‐month follow‐up.
The training was found to be acceptable in the Singaporean context, although several adaptations were suggested to increase the compatibility between FAP principles and local cultural norms.
Enhanced Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence in New Fluorescein Derivatives By Introducing Aromatic Carbonyl Groups
Authors: Wu Yingnan , Song Fengling , Luo Wenfang , Liu Zhiwei , Song Bo , Peng Xiaojun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn this work, two new fluorescein derivatives which exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) were rationally designed and synthesized by introducing aromatic carbonyl groups to increase the rate of intersystem crossing. The TADF properties of one of two compounds (the thiophene‐containing derivative) were found to be additionally enhanced as a result of the presence of the thiophene moieties, with the compound having a TADF lifetime of 52.05 μs in deaerated ethanol. The thiophene‐containing derivative was used in time‐resolved luminescence imaging of MCF‐7 cells.
An approach to incorporate individual personality in modeling fish dispersal across in‐stream barriers
Authors: Hirsch Philipp Emanuel , Thorlacius Magnus , Brodin Tomas , Burkhardt‐Holm Patricia 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAnimal personalities are an important factor that affects the dispersal of animals. In the context of aquatic species, dispersal modeling needs to consider that most freshwater ecosystems are highly fragmented by barriers reducing longitudinal connectivity. Previous research has incorporated such barriers into dispersal models under the neutral assumption that all migrating animals attempt to ascend at all times. Modeling dispersal of animals that do not perform trophic or reproductive migrations will be more realistic if it includes assumptions of which individuals attempt to overcome a barrier. We aimed to introduce personality into predictive modeling of whether a nonmigratory invasive freshwater fish (the round goby, Neogobius melanostomus) will disperse across an in‐stream barrier. To that end, we experimentally assayed the personalities of 259 individuals from invasion fronts and established round goby populations. Based on the population differences in boldness, asociability, and activity, we defined a priori thresholds with bolder, more asocial, and more active individuals having a higher likelihood of ascent. We then combined the personality thresholds with swimming speed data from the literature and in situ measurements of flow velocities in the barrier. The resulting binary logistic regression model revealed probabilities of crossing a barrier which depended not only on water flow and fish swimming speed but also on animal personalities. We conclude that risk assessment through predictive dispersal modeling across fragmented landscapes can be advanced by including personality traits as parameters. The inclusion of behavior into modeling the spread of invasive species can help to improve the accuracy of risk assessments.
Prognostic burden of heart failure recorded in primary care, acute hospital admissions, or both: a population‐based linked electronic health record cohort study in 2.1 million people
Authors: Koudstaal Stefan , Pujades‐Rodriguez Mar , Denaxas Spiros , Gho Johannes M.I.H. , Shah Anoop D. , Yu Ning , Patel Riyaz S. , Gale Chris P. , Hoes Arno W. , Cleland John G. , Asselbergs Folkert W. , Hemingway Harry 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimsThe prognosis of patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure (HF) is well described, but not that of patients managed solely in non‐acute settings such as primary care or secondary outpatient care. We assessed the distribution of HF across levels of healthcare, and assessed the prognostic differences for patients with HF either recorded in primary care (including secondary outpatient care) (PC), hospital admissions alone, or known in both contexts.Methods and resultsThis study was part of the CALIBER programme, which comprises linked data from primary care, hospital admissions, and death certificates for 2.1 million inhabitants of England. We identified 89 554 patients with newly recorded HF, of whom 23 547 (26%) were recorded in PC but never hospitalized, 30 629 (34%) in hospital admissions but not known in PC, 23 681 (27%) in both, and 11 697 (13%) in death certificates only. The highest prescription rates of ACE inhibitors, beta‐blockers, and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists was found in patients known in both contexts. The respective 5‐year survival in the first three groups was 43.9% [95% confidence interval (CI) 43.2–44.6%], 21.7% (95% CI 21.1–22.2%), and 39.8% (95% CI 39.2–40.5%), compared with 88.1% (95% CI 87.9–88.3%) in the age‐ and sex‐matched general population.ConclusionIn the general population, one in four patients with HF will not be hospitalized for worsening HF within a median follow‐up of 1.7 years, yet they still have a poor 5‐year prognosis. Patients admitted to hospital with worsening HF but not known with HF in primary care have the worst prognosis and management. Mitigating the prognostic burden of HF requires greater consistency across primary and secondary care in the identification, profiling, and treatment of patients.Trial registration: NCT02551016
Amino acid profile and protein quality in tuber and leaf of Coccnia abyssinica (Lam.) (Cogn.) accessions of Ethiopia
Authors: Ayalew Yenenesh , Retta Nigusse , Desse Gulelat , Mohammed Ali , Mellesse Adey 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe protein content and amino acid profile of Anchote (Coccinia abyssinica) leaves and tubers were determined from ten different accessions taken from Debre Zeit Agricultural Research Center, Ethiopia. Crude protein content was determined by Kjeldahl method and amino acid profile was analyzed using performic acid oxidation and acid hydrolysis by ninhydrin‐derivatized analysis with amino acid analyzer. Crude protein content of Anchote tuber ranged from 10.70% ± 0.26% to 13.72% ± 0.10%, whereas the crude protein content in leaves were ranged between 30.38 ± 0.01% (“240407‐1”) and 35.42 ± 0.05% (“223109‐1”). Total amino acid content ranged from 45.12 to 62.89 and 67.31 to 75.69 g/100 g protein for tuber and leaf samples, respectively. The mean values of essential, conditionally essential and nonessential amino acids were 37.22 & 36.79%; 28.62 & 24.10%; and 34.16 & 39.11% for tubers and leaves, respectively. Arginine in tubers and glutamic acid in leaves ranked the highest of all amino acids; while the least dominant essential amino acid was methionine in both parts. Among the essential amino acids, leucine was dominant in all accessions tested with values ranged from 3.12 to 5.32 g/100 g protein in tubers and from 5.15 to 5.65 g/100 g protein in leaves. In general, the average amino acid content was higher in the leaves (71.08 g/100 g protein) compared to the tubers (51.11 g/100 g protein). The nutritional quality of Coccinia abyssinica leaves and tubers range as follows: total essential amino acids (TEAA)/ total amino acids (TAA) (37.57 & 36.82%), TEAA/total non‐essential amino acids (TNEAA) ratio (0.60 & 0.58), The predicted protein efficiency ratio (P‐PER) (1.22 & 1.80), Essential amino acid index (EAAI) (35.28 & 53.93%), Predicted biological value (P‐BV) (26.76 & 47.09%), Nutritional index (4.11 & 17.71%), and Amino acid score (73 & 108) for tuber and leaf sample, respectively. A significant variability was observed in protein and amino acid profile among accessions and plant parts, and the leaf part were found to be richer in protein content and associated nutritional quality.
Lymphatic drainage patterns of oral maxillary tumors: Approachable locations of sentinel lymph nodes mainly at the cervical neck level
Authors: Boeve Koos , Schepman Kees‐Pieter , van der Vegt B , Schuuring Ed , Roodenburg Jan L. , Brouwers Adrienne H. , Witjes Max J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundThere is debate if the lymphatic drainage pattern of oral maxillary cancer is to the retropharyngeal lymph nodes or to the cervical lymph nodes. Insight in drainage patterns is important for the indication for neck treatment. The purpose of this study was to identify the lymphatic drainage pattern of oral maxillary cancer via preoperative lymphoscintigraphy.MethodsEleven consecutive patients with oral maxillary cancer treated in our center between December 1, 2012, and April 22, 2016 were studied. Sentinel lymph nodes identified by preoperative lymphoscintigraphy after injection of 99mTc‐nanocolloid and by intraoperative detection using a γ‐probe, were surgically removed and histopathologically examined.ResultsIn 10 patients, sentinel lymph nodes were detected and harvested at cervical levels I, II, or III in the neck. In 2 patients, a parapharyngeal sentinel lymph node was detected. One of the harvested sentinel lymph nodes (1/19) was tumor positive.ConclusionThis study suggests the likelihood of 73% of exclusively cervical level I to III sentinel lymph nodes in oral maxillary cancer. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: 486–491, 2017
Significant and durable clinical benefit from trastuzumab in 2 patients with HER2‐amplified salivary gland cancer and a review of the literature
Authors: Thorpe Lauren M. , Schrock Alexa B. , Erlich Rachel L. , Miller Vincent A. , Knost James , Le‐Lindqwister Nguyet , Jujjavarapu Srinivas , Ali Siraj M. , Liu Jane J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundSalivary ductal carcinoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CEPA) are aggressive salivary gland cancers with poor prognosis. The standard of care is resection with or without radiotherapy, and there are no established systemic therapy options.MethodsWe describe 1 patient with metastatic CEPA and 1 patient with metastatic recurrent salivary duct carcinoma whose tumors were evaluated by comprehensive genomic profiling. Testing identified human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification in both patients, and an additional activating HER2 mutation in the CEPA case.ResultsBoth patients were treated with the HER2‐targeting monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (herceptin) plus chemotherapy and experienced rapid responses. Subsequently, both patients were given single‐agent maintenance trastuzumab and continue to experience durable disease control.ConclusionGiven the poor prognosis for salivary gland cancers and the limited treatment options upon recurrence or metastasis, patients should be tested for all classes of HER2 alterations. In cases with HER2 overexpression or activation, targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab are promising. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: E40–E44, 2017
Case of parotid mucoepidermoid carcinoma: Expanding the spectrum of von Hippel‐Lindau–related neoplasms
Authors: Berger Michael H. , Kerr Darcy A. , Rangel Filho Artur E. , Sargi Zoukaa B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundvon Hippel–Lindau (VHL)‐related tumors occurring outside the spectrum of VHL‐defining tumors are rare, and mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) in the setting of VHL disease has not been described.Methods and ResultsWe describe a patient with confirmed VHL mutation who presented with a parotid mass and a history of 2 central nervous system (CNS) hemangioblastomas and 1 pheochromocytoma. Fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass suggested a benign Warthin tumor. The mass was resected and final pathology revealed a low‐grade MEC. Fluorescence in situ hybridization for the MECT1/MAML2 fusion gene frequently associated with MEC was performed and was negative. Molecular testing of tumor cells displayed a likely “second hit” VHL gene mutation.ConclusionThere is a possible broader role of VHL mutations in tumorigenesis beyond the development of classically described VHL‐defining neoplasms. Our case also demonstrates the importance of always considering the possibility of a parotid malignancy in patients with VHL despite a benign FNA. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 39: E51–E54, 2017
Income Security Programmes and the Philosophy of Social Security Policy
Authors: Harris C. P. 
Published: December 2016

Social security programmes may be divided into two broad groups of programmes, those concerned with income security and those concerned with opportunity security. Income security programmes may be further divided into positive transfer programmes, where there is a cash flow from the government to the individual, and negative transfer programmes, which are a component of the taxation system. Positive transfer programmes may be universal or limited, the main limitation being benefits subject to a means test. Positive transfer programmes may also be classified as to whether they are income based measures, distinguishing between income replacement and income supplement programmes; or whether they are expenditure based, whereby the beneficiary receives either full or partial compensation for expenditure he has made or is assumed to have made.The philosophy lying behind income security programmes may be related to the principle of either individual need or social right. The former principle tends to be associated with programmes which are limited in nature while universal programmes tend to be based on the principle of social right. In the past most of the income security programmes in Australia have been based on the principle of individual need, but since 1972 there has been a marked shift to programmes based on social right, particularly the policy of abolishing the means test on aged pensions and the introduction of Medibank. Social right policies, in general, tend to be more costly and alleviate less need per dollar of outlay than individual need programmes.Apart from the move towards social right programmes, there has been an increasing lack of coordination between existing and proposed programmes. Although an inter‐departmental committee has been established to investigate this problem, it is unlikely that any real change will eventuate from that source in the near future. What is required in Australia today is not further studies of poverty or the prescription of new programmes, but an explicit statement of social welfare philosophy on which programmes are to be based, and the establishment of an organisation whose primary and perhaps sole task is to co‐ordinate social security programmes.