bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased oxidative stress parameters in children with moderate iodine deficiency
Authors: Kurku Huseyin , Gencer Ali , Pirgon Ozgur , Buyukinan Muammer , Aslan Nagehan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBackground:Iodine is a part of thyroid hormones and has been reported to act directly as an antioxidant or induce indirectly antioxidant enzymes. This study aimed to assess the urinary iodine concentration and its relationship between the antioxidant and oxidative stress capacity in healthy school-aged children.Methods:In total, 196 students from five primary schools, randomly selected between 9 and 12 years (mean age: 10.2±1.2 years), were enrolled in the study. Urinary iodine levels were measured by spectrophotometry with the Sandell-Kolthoff reaction. Total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) were analysed from urine samples. The ratio of TOS to TAS was regarded as an oxidative stress index (OSI), an indicator of the degree of oxidative status.Results:Fifty-four percentage (107) of the children had iodine deficiency (ID) and the majority of them (30%) had mild ID. There was no severe-ID child in the population (<20 μg/L). Urine TAS levels were significantly lower in the moderate-ID group than in the mild-ID group (6.5±4.1 vs. 11.3±4.1 mmol, p<0.001) and the iodine-sufficient group (11.0±5.3 μmol, p<0.001). TOS levels and OSI were found higher in the moderate-ID group than in the mild-ID group (4.8±2.1 vs. 3.7±2.1 μmol, p<0.001) and the iodine-sufficient group (4.8±2.1 vs. 3.4±2.5 mmol, p<0.001). In the moderate-ID group, low urine iodine levels exhibited significant negative correlations with OSI (r=−0.660) and TOS (r=−0.248) and a positive correlation with TAS (r=0.475).Conclusions:We found that children with moderate ID were exposed to more oxidative burden than children with mild ID or iodine sufficiency. Increased systemic oxidative stress induced by moderate ID could cause development of ID-related complications and diseases. Iodine supplementation could have a beneficial role in the prevention of oxidative stress.
Solving a case of allelic dropout in the GNPTAB gene: implications in the molecular diagnosis of mucolipidosis type III alpha/beta
Authors: Coutinho Maria Francisca , Encarnação Marisa , Laranjeira Francisco , Lacerda Lúcia , Prata Maria João , Alves Sandra 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWhile being well known that the diagnosis of many genetic disorders relies on a combination of clinical suspicion and confirmatory genetic testing, not rarely, however, genetic testing needs much perseverance and cunning strategies to identify the causative mutation(s). Here we present a case of a thorny molecular diagnosis of mucolipidosis type III alpha/beta, which is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder, caused by a defect in the
Values of T/QRS ratio in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction
Authors: Fuchs Tomasz 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAims:To evaluate values of T/QRS ratio in normal pregnancies and those complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) using non-invasive method with transabdominal electrodes. Assessment of fetal well-being in IUGR pregnancies.Methods:Fetal electrocardiograms were recorded and analyzed by KOMPOREL software from ITAM (Zabrze, Poland) and T/QRS ratios were automatically calculated. Doppler velocimetry of the middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery was carried out. The study group consisted of IUGR pregnancies with normal cerebroplacental ratios (CPRs) (n=110), IUGR pregnancies with decreased CPRs (n=29), and healthy controls (n=549). Analyses were performed between the study groups and by gestational age. T/QRS ratio variables and CPRs were calculated. Analysis of variance and linear regression were performed.Results:Maximum values, maximum minimal value differences, and standard deviations of T/QRS ratio were significantly different between the IUGR group with reduced CPRs and normal CPRs (P=0.0009, P=0.0000, P=0.0034, respectively) as well as between the IUGR group with reduced CPRs and healthy controls (P=0.0000, P=0.0001, P=0.0009, respectively). Mean maximum values in the IUGR group with reduced CPRs exceeded normal values.Conclusions:T/QRS ratio may be useful in assessing fetal well-being in IUGR pregnancies; however, future studies are needed to determine typical ranges of T/QRS ratio in pregnancies complicated by IUGR.
Das Immunsystem der Nukleinsäureerkennung
Authors: Hartmann Gunther 
Published: October 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Zirkulierende Nukleinsäuren in den zellfreien Bestandteilen des Blutes, Exosomen und anderer Körperflüssigkeiten in Verbindung mit modernen Sequenzierungsmethoden eröffnen der Laboratoriumsmedizin ganz neue Möglichkeiten für die Diagnostik von Erkrankungen. Nukleinsäuren besitzen auch eine bedeutende Funktion im Immunsystem. Das Immunsystem besitzt Rezeptoren, die in der Lage sind, fremde Nukleinsäuren von eigenen Nukleinsäuren zu unterscheiden. Das Verständnis dieser Erkennungsmechanismen für Nukleinsäuren hat in den vergangenen Jahren erheblich zugenommen. Die Immunerkennung von Nukleinsäuren spielt eine zentrale Rolle bei der Abwehr von Viren und intrazellulären Bakterien. Ohne diese Mechanismen ist der Organismus nicht in der Lage, diese Pathogene zu erkennen und zu eliminieren. Dort wo die Immunerkennung von Nukleinsäuren von pathogenen Viren und Bakterien an ihre Grenzen stößt, oder die Prozesse nicht korrekt ablaufen, kommt es zu Infektionen und entzündlichen Erkrankungen. Mittlerweile sind eine Reihe von Erberkrankungen bekannt, die durch eine fehlerhafte Immunerkennung von Nukleinsäuren verursacht werden. Aus diesen Zusammenhängen hat sich ein neues Forschungsfeld etabliert, die Nukleinsäure-Immunität (nucleic acid immunity), mit großer Bedeutung für das Verständnis von Infektionen und entzündlichen Erkrankungen. Die neuen Erkenntnisse werden in den kommenden Jahren auch in der Immundiagnostik Eingang finden. Ziel dieser Übersicht ist es, in die Grundlagen der Immunerkennung von Nukleinsäuren einzuführen, um daraus mögliche Konsequenzen für eine verbesserte Immundiagnostik von Infektionen, Entzündung und Autoimmunität für die Laboratoriumsmedizin abzuleiten.
Potentials, challenges and limitations of a molecular characterization of circulating tumor DNA for the management of cancer patients
Authors: Ulz Peter , Gerger Armin , Belic Jelena , Heitzer Ellen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract:
A liquid profiling, i.e. the analysis of cell-free circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), enables a continuous non-invasive monitoring of tumor-specific changes during the entire course of the disease with respect to early detection, identification of minimal residual disease, assessment of treatment response and monitoring tumor evolution. Technological improvements, advances in understanding the nature of ctDNA, the implementation of ctDNA analyses in clinical trials as well as efforts for the establishment of benchmarks, will bring an actual widespread clinic use within reach in the near future. However, despite this progress there are still hurdles that have to be overcome, which are discussed in this review. Moreover, present knowledge and new findings about the biology of ctDNA as well as selected potential clinical applications for metastatic cancer patients are pointed out.
Zwischen Verehrung und Entzauberung: Hans Kohns, Robert Weltschs und Hugo Bergmanns Wahrnehmung Martin Bubers im Spiegel ihrer Korrespondenz
Authors: Wiese Christian 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBased on the published and unpublished correspondence between three prominent members of the Zionist Prague Student Association Bar Kochba, Hugo Bergmann, Hans Kohn and Robert Weltsch, the article explores their complex and fluctuating relationship with Martin Buber between 1910 and 1965. Fascinated as they were by Buber’s three Speeches on Judaism before World War I, the three intellectuals embraced his vision of a humanistic version of Jewish nationalism and became leading interpreters of his religious-political views both in Germany and Palestine. However, as their letters reveal, the political developments of the 1920s up to the 1940s, and in particular the conflict with the Arab population in Palestine and the National Socialist persecution in Europe, led them to a growing sense of disenchantment with Buber and their own youthful cultural Zionist convictions, which prompted all three of them to make divergent biographical choices.
The World of Yesterday versus The Turning Point: Art and the Politics of Recollection in the Autobiographical Narratives of Stefan Zweig and Klaus Mann
Authors: Ganani Uri , Issler Dani 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article revisits the world-views of Stefan Zweig and Klaus Mann by analyzing the diverse ways in which they shaped their literary careers as autobiographers. Particular focus is given to the crises they experienced while composing their respective autobiographical narratives, both published in 1942. Our re-evaluation of their complex discussions on literature and art reveals two distinctive approaches to the relationship between aesthetics and politics, as well as two alternative concepts of authorial autonomy within society. Simultaneously, we argue that in spite of their different approaches to political involvement, both authors shared a basic understanding of art as an enclave of humanistic existence at a time of oppressive political circumstances. However, their attitudes toward the autonomy of the artist under fascism differed greatly. This is demonstrated mainly through their contrasting portrayals of Richard Strauss, who appears in both autobiographies as an emblematic genius composer.
Horkheimer und Adorno über „jüdische Psychologie“. Ein vergessenes Theorieprogramm der 1940er Jahre
Authors: von Wussow Philipp 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article explores a forgotten theoretical program developed, and eventually dropped, by Max Horkheimer and Theodor W. Adorno in the 1940s. In letters, drafts and memorandums, but also in the chapter “Elements of Anti-Semitism” in the
Reading The Magic Mountain in Arizona: Susan Sontag’s Reflections on Thomas Mann
Authors: Sina Kai 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSusan Sontag’s visit to Thomas Mann on December 28, 1949 has, until now, tended to be treated as a parenthetical anecdote, a biographical curiosity – or, indeed, to be ignored altogether. The truly interesting question of the consequences of Sontag’s encounter with Mann and his work has not even come close to being answered. This article explores how Sontag’s – often partially autobiographical – statements concerning Thomas Mann combine reflections on authorship and storytelling with thoughts about Germany and, in particular, about the Shoah. Building on this, a further, more general question emerges: what role do the essayist’s secular Jewish origins play in her encounter with the German writer?
A Man of Contention: Martin Plessner (1900–1973) and His Encounters with the Orient
Authors: Levy Amit 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe case of German-Jewish orientalist Martin Meir Plessner (1900–1973) presents an opportunity to explore the transplant of Oriental Studies from Germany to Palestine/Israel in the wake of post-Saidian historiography of German Orientalism. Studying and teaching in Germany, the young Plessner’s encounter with the Orient, Arabs and Arabic was mainly a textual one. Following the Nazi rise to power in 1933, he immigrated to Palestine, transforming detached oriental scholarship into a physical encounter at the heart of the emerging Arab-Jewish conflict, on which Plessner held firm dovish-leftist views. This article examines how this spatial shift influenced Plessner’s personal political views; his scholarly and professional work; and above all, the link between the two. Science and politics, this article claims, continued to exist as two unchanging separate spheres for Plessner. Nevertheless, life in the Orient rendered collisions between the two worlds unavoidable, with ramifications on Plessner’s career and personal life. His refusal to let political considerations penetrate the professional sphere may be seen as an expression of his unwavering devotion to the German
A German Island in Israel: Lea Goldberg and Tuvia Rübner’s Republic of Letters
Authors: Ticotsky Giddon 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThis article focuses on the intellectual relationship between two leading Hebrew-European poets as revealed in their recently discovered extensive correspondence. Beyond the significant biographical revelations offered by their letters – among which is Tuvia Rübner’s transition from writing in German to Hebrew – their correspondence (mainly during the years 1949–1969) sheds light on the complexities of the two poets’ position as European artists in nascent Israeli culture. It raises questions of cultural homeland and exile, of the idealization of pre-war Central-Western European culture, and of the agency of the periphery in preserving the values of a declining cultural center. Lea Goldberg and Tuvia Rübner were migrants from the relatively close periphery of German culture who sought to reconstruct something of its intellectual center in the temporally and spatially distant periphery of postwar Israel. In their literary works, the two built bridges between the two cultures at a time when contacts between them were largely considered taboo. Among other aspects, Goldberg and Rübner’s correspondence reveals their nuanced attitudes toward German culture amid the complex multicultural milieu of the State of Israel’s formative years.
Non-anthropogenic mind and complexes of cultural codes
Authors: Kulikov Sergey 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The object of research is to clarify the connections between non-anthropogenic mind and culture as sign systems. Investigation of such an object discloses the perspectives on construction of the generalized model of mind and can help to build the bridge between traditional and digital humanities. The subject of traditional humanities is natural human activity; the subject of digital humanities is computer-based forms of activity and communication. Finding signs created not only by human but also by natural circumstances helps to define the sign system that unites the natural (non-anthropogenic) and artificial kinds of mind. Methodology of research includes the principles of semiotics previously developed by Charles Peirce and Ferdinand de Saussure and expanded by Yuri Lotman and Boris Uspensky. Semiotic interpretation of mind as the object of culture allows the building of a generalized model of mind as one of textual constructions, presenting the history of mankind as the replacement of natural events by secondary models. The author concludes that the revealing of a generalized model of mind opens new opportunities for the construction of the intelligent activity strictly interpreted as special sign systems. Semiotic studies interpret culture as a rationality making machine, and activity of mind is caused by the work of such a machine. Because of that, if traditional meaning sign systems were estimated as human-made kinds of complex of primary signs, then modern statements help to see the absence of an irresistible limit to interpret such complex as a nature-made but non-anthropogenic phenomenon.
Towards a teleo-semiotic theory of individuation
Authors: Duits Rufus 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This article attempts to develop a sketch or working model of a semiotic theory of individuation from a formalization of basic teleological structures. After caveats and provisional definitions, a formal apparatus is introduced that schematizes teleological structures by way of mathematical category theory. This is then combined with a commutation test for formal systems. Once the formal construction is sufficient, the extent to which the model can account for the operation by which objects, modes, kinds, and attributes become individuated from the “pure multiplicity” of indeterminate being is analyzed. Subsequently, the model is applied to a series of well-known problems in metaphysics and ontology – persistence, change, vagueness, coincidence, mereology, and universals – in order to demonstrate its effectiveness. The metaphysical picture that results from this application is positioned between the conventional extremes of realism and anti-realism: a semiotic anti-/realism. Empirical evidence is then also marshalled in support of the model by way of invocation and analysis of recent research into the development of the perceptual capacities of infants.
The Performance of the Self-Supplying Vortex Generator Jets on a High-Speed Compressor Cascade
Authors: Liu Huaping , Qin Yong , Wang Ruoyu , Zhang Dongfei , Lu Bingxiao 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The self-supplying vortex generator jet (SVGJ) is introduced to the separation control of a high-speed compressor cascade with an inlet Mach number of 0.67. A parametric investigation concerning the jet location and the injection angle is conducted numerically. The effect mechanisms of SVGJ on the cascade performance are analyzed in detail. The potentials of SVGJ at off-design points are also discussed. The vortex generated by the jet utilizing the pressure difference between the pressure surface and suction surface could enhance the fluid exchange between the boundary layer and the mainstream, thus weakening the flow separation and reducing the flow loss effectively. With a hole of diameter 0.5 mm and a jet-to-inflow mass flow ratio less than 0.3‰, the maximum loss reductions are 5.2 % at the design point and 8.0 % at the off-design point, validating the high efficiency of SVGJ. In this work, the optimum performance is obtained by the SVGJ located at xj
/B=40 %, h/H=15 % with a skew angle of β=60°.
Whole-Genome Sequencing and iPLEX MassARRAY Genotyping Map an EMS-Induced Mutation Affecting Cell Competition in Drosophila melanogaster
Authors: Lee Chang-Hyun , Rimesso Gerard , Reynolds David M , Cai Jinlu , Baker Nicholas E 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Cell competition, the conditional loss of viable genotypes only when surrounded by other cells, is a phenomenon observed in certain genetic mosaic conditions. We conducted a chemical mutagenesis and screen to recover new mutations that affect cell competition between wild-type and RpS3 heterozygous cells. Mutations were identified by whole-genome sequencing, making use of software tools that greatly facilitate the distinction between newly induced mutations and other sources of apparent sequence polymorphism, thereby reducing false-positive and false-negative identification rates. In addition, we utilized iPLEX MassARRAY for genotyping recombinant chromosomes. These approaches permitted the mapping of a new mutation affecting cell competition when only a single allele existed, with a phenotype assessed only in genetic mosaics, without the benefit of complementation with existing mutations, deletions, or duplications. These techniques expand the utility of chemical mutagenesis and whole-genome sequencing for mutant identification. We discuss mutations in the Atm and Xrp1 genes identified in this screen.
Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Cell Survival Signaling Requires Phosphatidylcholine Biosynthesis
Authors: Crook Matt , Upadhyay Awani , Ido Liyana J , Hanna-Rose Wendy 
Published: October 2016

AbstractIdentification of pro-cell survival signaling pathways has implications for cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative disease. We show that the Caenorhabditis elegans epidermal growth factor receptor LET-23 (LET-23 EGFR) has a prosurvival function in counteracting excitotoxicity, and we identify novel molecular players required for this prosurvival signaling. uv1 sensory cells in the C. elegans uterus undergo excitotoxic death in response to activation of the OSM-9/OCR-4 TRPV channel by the endogenous agonist nicotinamide. Activation of LET-23 EGFR can effectively prevent this excitotoxic death. We investigate the roles of signaling pathways known to act downstream of LET-23 EGFR in C. elegans and find that the LET-60 Ras/MAPK pathway, but not the IP3 receptor pathway, is required for efficient LET-23 EGFR activity in its prosurvival function. However, activation of LET-60 Ras/MAPK pathway does not appear to be sufficient to fully mimic LET-23 EGFR activity. We screen for genes that are required for EGFR prosurvival function and uncover a role for phosphatidylcholine biosynthetic enzymes in EGFR prosurvival function. Finally, we show that exogenous application of phosphatidylcholine is sufficient to prevent some deaths in this excitotoxicity model. Our work implicates regulation of lipid synthesis downstream of EGFR in cell survival and death decisions.
Neuropsychological Follow-up After Neonatal ECMO
Authors: Schiller Raisa M. , Madderom Marlous J. , Reuser Jolanda J.C.M. , Steiner Katerina , Gischler Saskia J. , Tibboel Dick , van Heijst Arno F.J. , IJsselstijn Hanneke 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE:
To assess the longitudinal development of intelligence and its relation to school performance in a nationwide cohort of neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) survivors and evaluate predictors of outcome at 8 years of age.

METHODS:
Repeated measurements assessed intelligence of neonatal ECMO survivors at 2, 5, and 8 years (n = 178) with the use of validated, standardized instruments. Selective attention (n = 148) and type of education were evaluated in the 8-year-olds.

RESULTS:
Intelligence remained stable and average across development (mean ± SD IQ: at 2 years, 102 ± 18; at 5 years, 100 ± 17; and at 8 years, 99 ± 17 [P = .15]). Children attending regular education without the need for help (n = 101; mean z score: –1.50 ± 1.93) performed significantly better on the selective attention task compared with those children who needed extra help (n = 65; mean z score: –2.54 ± 3.18) or those attending special education (n = 13; mean z score: –4.14 ± 3.63) (P = .03). However, only children attending special education had below-average intelligence (mean IQ: 76 ± 15), compared with average intelligence for those attending regular education, both with help (mean IQ: 95 ± 15) and without help (mean IQ: 105 ± 16). Compared with children with other diagnoses, children with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) scored significantly lower on both IQ (CDH, mean IQ: 93 ± 20; meconium aspiration syndrome, mean IQ: 100 ± 15; other diagnoses, mean IQ: 100 ± 19 [P = .04]) and selective attention (CDH, mean z score: –3.48 ± 3.46; meconium aspiration syndrome, mean z score: –1.60 ± 2.13; other diagnoses, mean z score: –1.65 ± 2.39 [P = .002]).

CONCLUSIONS:
For the majority of neonatal ECMO survivors, intelligence testing alone did not identify those at risk for academic problems. We propose internationally standardized follow-up protocols that focus on long-term, problem-oriented neuropsychological assessment.
EVALUATION OF GENETIC VARIABILITY OF FRESHWATER PRAWN COLLECTED FROM MAKASSAR-SULAWESI, PANGKALANBUNKALIMANTAN, JAMBI-SUMATRA, SUKABUMI-JAVA, AND GIMacro USING mtDNA CO-I MARKERS
Authors: Nugroho Estu , Mulyasari Mulyasari , Kristanto Anang Hari , Ali Fauzan , Gunawan Gunawan 
Published: October 2016

The objective of this research is to evaluate the genetic variability of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii. The genetic variability of freshwater prawn collected from Makassar-Sulawesi, Pangkalanbun-Kalimantan, Jambi-Sumatra, Sukabumi-Java, and GIMacro strain was examined using polymorphism of the mitochondria DNA (mtDNA) markers. Twelve composite haplotypes were detected following digestion of CO1 sequences with four endonucleases: Hae III, Rsa I, Mbo I, and Taq I. The average haplotype diversity was 0.217. Significant genetic difference was observed among freshwater prawn populations, especially among Makassar-Sulawesi population and others. Makassar-Sulawesi strain has future prospect for genetic resources in breeding program.