bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anatomy and immunochemical characterization of the non-arterial peptidergic diffuse dural innervation of the rat and Rhesus monkey: Implications for functional regulation and treatment in migraine
Authors: Rice Frank L , Xie Jennifer Y , Albrecht Phillip J , Acker Emily , Bourgeois Justin , Navratilova Edita , Dodick David W , Porreca Frank 
Published: November 2016

Objective The interplay between neuronal innervation and other cell types underlies the physiological functions of the dura mater and contributes to pathophysiological conditions such as migraine. We characterized the extensive, but understudied, non-arterial diffuse dural innervation (DDI) of the rat and Rhesus monkey. Methods We used a comprehensive integrated multi-molecular immunofluorescence labeling strategy to extensively profile the rat DDI and to a lesser extent that of the Rhesus monkey. Results The DDI was distributed across a dense, pervasive capillary network and included free nerve endings of peptidergic CGRP-expressing C fibers that were closely intertwined with noradrenergic (NA) sympathetic fibers and thin-caliber nonpeptidergic “C/Aδ” fibers. These newly identified C/Aδ fibers were unmyelinated, like C fibers, but expressed NF200, usually indicative of Aδ fibers, and uniquely co-labeled for the CGRP co-receptor, RAMP1. Slightly-larger caliber NF200-positive fibers co-labeled for myelin basic protein (MBP) and terminated as unbranched corpuscular endings. The DDI peptidergic fibers co-labeled for the lectin IB4 and expressed presumably excitatory α1-adrenergic receptors, as well as inhibitory 5HT1D receptors and the delta opioid receptor (δOR), but rarely the mu opioid receptor (µOR). Labeling for P2X3, TRPV1, TRPA1, and parasympathetic markers was not observed in the DDI. Interpretation These results suggest potential functional interactions, wherein peptidergic DDI fibers may be activated by stress-related sympathetic activity, resulting in CGRP release that could be detected in the circulation. CGRP may also activate nonpeptidergic C/Aδ fibers that are likely mechanosensitive or polymodal, leading to activation of post-synaptic pain transmission circuits. The distribution of α1-adrenergic receptors, RAMP1, and the unique expression of the δOR on CGRP-expressing DDI fibers suggest strategies for functional modulation and application to therapy.
Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Ankylosing Spondylitis (Bechterew Disease) Is Feasible and Not Associated With Higher Complication Rates
Authors: Hamsen Uwe , Kamp Oliver , Kaczmarek Chris , Aach Mirko , Waydhas Christian , Schildhauer Thomas A. , Jansen Oliver 
Published: November 2016

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a common disease with an incidence of approximately 0.5% in Europe, causing severe limitations of axial spine mobility and cervical kyphosis. Deformities of the cervical spine and the temporomandibular joints could increase the risk of complications while performing an intubation or tracheostomy. The percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) is a standard procedure in intensive care medicine. However, the combination of cervical kyphosis and osteoporosis makes patient positioning challenging. Therefore, one could conclude that patients with AS are not candidates for PDT, but neither studies nor case reports yet reported about feasibility of this procedure in AS. Methods: Retrospective analysis at a level 1 trauma center of patient records from 2002 to 2016, assessing all patients with AS and PDT. Results: A total of 31 patients with AS have been subjected to PDT. All PDTs were performed using the modified Ciaglia single-step dilatational technique. Neither cardiopulmonary nor surgical complications occurred during the procedure. One patient received a change of the existing airway prior to the procedure; a small nasal tube was changed for a laryngeal mask. Conclusion: Although head positioning may be challenging, PDT should be taken into consideration for patients with AS. In the hands of an experienced doctor, it is safe and feasible.
Plantar Plate Repair for Lesser Metatarsophalangeal Joint Instability
Authors: Flint Wesley W. , Macias David M. , Jastifer James R. , Doty Jesse F. , Hirose Christopher B. , Coughlin Michael J. 
Published: November 2016

Background: Lesser metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint instability is a common cause of forefoot pain. Advances in operative technique and instrumentation have made it possible to anatomically treat plantar plate tears through a dorsal approach. Our goal was to evaluate the subjective, functional, and radiographic outcomes of plantar plate repair (PPR) from a dorsal approach. Methods: A prospective case series was performed evaluating the results of PPR in 97 feet with 138 plantar plate tears. Patients underwent PPR from a dorsal approach with a Weil osteotomy. We followed patients at regular intervals for 12 months and collected data preoperatively and postoperatively with respect to visual analog scale (VAS) scores, MTP range of motion (ROM), paper pull-out test, American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society (AOFAS) scores, satisfaction, and radiographic measures. Results: Eighty percent of patients scored “good” to “excellent” satisfaction scores at 12 months. The mean VAS pain score preoperatively was 5.4/10, and postoperatively was 1.5/10. The mean AOFAS scores increased from 49 to 81 points following surgery. The mean MTP ROM preoperatively was 43 degrees and postoperatively 31 degrees. Forty-two percent of toes passed the paper pull out test prior to surgery and 54% at 12 months. Mean metatarsal shortening was 2.4/3.1/1.2 mm for the second, third, and fourth metatarsals, respectively. The mean MTP joint angles preoperatively were 2/4.9/–1.3 degrees and postoperatively were 7.4/9.6/0.2 degrees, respectively, for the second, third, and fourth MTP joints. Conclusion: We found that the plantar plate could be repaired through a dorsal approach with reliable outcomes. PPR was a viable option to anatomically restore the ligamentous support in the unstable lesser MTP joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Percutaneous Reduction and Screw Fixation of Displaced Intra-articular Fractures of the Calcaneus
Authors: Tantavisut Saran , Phisitkul Phinit , Westerlind Brian O. , Gao Yubo , Karam Matthew D. , Marsh John L. 
Published: November 2016

Background: Extensile open approaches to reduce and fix intra-articular calcaneal fractures are associated with high levels of wound complications. To avoid these complications, a technique of percutaneous reduction and fixation with screws alone was developed. This study assessed the clinical outcomes, radiographs, and postoperative CT scans after operative treatment with this technique. Methods: 153 consecutive patients with 182 intra-articular calcaneal fractures were reviewed. All patients were assessed for early postoperative complications at 3 months from the injury. The clinical results were assessed for patients seen at a minimum of 1 year after surgery (mean follow-up of 2.6 years; 90 patients, 106 feet). In patients who had both preoperative and postoperative CT scans (50 patients, 60 feet), the articular reduction was quantitatively analyzed. Results: At the 3-month follow-up, there were 1% superficial infections and 1% rate of screw irritation. The complications at a minimum of 1 year after injury included screw irritation 9.3%, subtalar osteoarthritis requiring subtalar fusion 5.5%, malunion 1.8%, and deep infection 0.9%. Bohler angle, calcaneal facet height, and width were significantly improved postoperatively ( P < .01). Bohler angle increased on average +24.1 degrees postoperatively with a loss of angle of 4.9 degrees at the 3-month follow-up. There was significant improvement ( P < .01) in posterior talocalcaneal joint reduction on postoperative CT scan but residual displacement remained. At the final follow-up, 54.5% of the patients reported a residual pain level of 3 or lower. Conclusion: This study suggests that reasonable early results could be achieved from the percutaneous treatment of intra-articular calcaneal fractures using screws alone based on articular reduction and level of residual pain. Level of Evidence: Level IV, retrospective case series.
Improvement in relapse recovery with peginterferon beta-1a in patients with multiple sclerosis
Authors: Scott Thomas F , Kieseier Bernd C , Newsome Scott D , Arnold Douglas L , You Xiaojun , Hung Serena , Sperling Bjoern 
Published: November 2016

Background Subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a every 2 weeks significantly affects clinical outcomes in patients with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Objectives To explore relationships between relapses and worsening of disability in patients with RRMS, and assess the treatment effect of peginterferon beta-1a on relapse recovery. Methods Post-hoc analysis of the 2-year, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, Phase 3 ADVANCE study. The severity of relapses, proportion of patients with relapses associated with residual disability (onset of 24-week confirmed disability progression (CDP) within 90 days following a relapse), and persistence of changes in Functional Systems Scores, were compared between treatment groups. Results Subcutaneous peginterferon beta-1a every 2 weeks significantly reduced the proportion of patients experiencing relapse associated with CDP over 2 years (6.6%, compared with 15.1% of patients who received placebo in Year 1; p = 0.02). Reduction in relapses associated with residual disability was greater than the treatment effect on overall relapse rate, and occurred despite similar relapse severity across treatment groups. Conclusions The beneficial effect of peginterferon beta-1a on risk of CDP may be attributable to the combination of an overall reduction in the risk of relapses and improvement in recovery from relapses, thus limiting further disability progression. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00906399
Introducing Explorer of Taxon Concepts with a case study on spider measurement matrix building
Authors: Cui Hong , Xu Dongfang , Chong Steven S. , Ramirez Martin , Rodenhausen Thomas , Macklin James A. , Ludäscher Bertram , Morris Robert A. , Soto Eduardo M. , Koch Nicolás Mongiardino 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Background
Taxonomic descriptions are traditionally composed in natural language and published in a format that cannot be directly used by computers. The Exploring Taxon Concepts (ETC) project has been developing a set of web-based software tools that convert morphological descriptions published in telegraphic style to character data that can be reused and repurposed. This paper introduces the first semi-automated pipeline, to our knowledge, that converts morphological descriptions into taxon-character matrices to support systematics and evolutionary biology research. We then demonstrate and evaluate the use of the ETC Input Creation - Text Capture - Matrix Generation pipeline to generate body part measurement matrices from a set of 188 spider morphological descriptions and report the findings.

Results
From the given set of spider taxonomic publications, two versions of input (original and normalized) were generated and used by the ETC Text Capture and ETC Matrix Generation tools. The tools produced two corresponding spider body part measurement matrices, and the matrix from the normalized input was found to be much more similar to a gold standard matrix hand-curated by the scientist co-authors. Special conventions utilized in the original descriptions (e.g., the omission of measurement units) were attributed to the lower performance of using the original input. The results show that simple normalization of the description text greatly increased the quality of the machine-generated matrix and reduced edit effort. The machine-generated matrix also helped identify issues in the gold standard matrix.

Conclusions
ETC Text Capture and ETC Matrix Generation are low-barrier and effective tools for extracting measurement values from spider taxonomic descriptions and are more effective when the descriptions are self-contained. Special conventions that make the description text less self-contained challenge automated extraction of data from biodiversity descriptions and hinder the automated reuse of the published knowledge. The tools will be updated to support new requirements revealed in this case study.
Whole-Exome Sequencing Study of Thyrotropin-Secreting Pituitary Adenomas
Authors: Sapkota Santosh , Horiguchi Kazuhiko , Tosaka Masahiko , Yamada Syozo , Yamada Masanobu 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Context:
Thyrotropin (TSH)-secreting pituitary adenomas (TSHomas) are a rare cause of hyperthyroidism, and the genetic aberrations responsible remain unknown.

Objective:
To identify somatic genetic abnormalities in TSHomas.

Design and Setting:
A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array analysis was performed on 8 TSHomas. Four tumors with no allelic losses or limited loss of heterozygosity were selected, and whole-exome sequencing was performed, including their corresponding blood samples. Somatic variants were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. A set of 8 tumors was also assessed to validate candidate genes.

Patients:
Twelve patients with sporadic TSHomas were examined.

Results:
The overall performance of whole-exome sequencing was good, with an average coverage of each base in the targeted region of 97.6%. Six DNA variants were confirmed as candidate driver mutations, with an average of 1.5 somatic mutations per tumor. No mutations were recurrent. Two of these mutations were found in genes with an established role in malignant tumorigenesis (SMOX and SYTL3), and 4 had unknown roles (ZSCAN23, ASTN2, R3HDM2, and CWH43). Similarly, an SNP array analysis revealed frequent chromosomal regions of copy number gains, including recurrent gains at loci harboring 4 of these 6 genes.

Conclusions:
Several candidate somatic mutations and changes in copy numbers for TSHomas were identified. The results showed no recurrence of mutations in the tumors studied but a low number of mutations, thereby highlighting their benign nature. Further studies on a larger cohort of TSHomas, along with the use of epigenetic and transcriptomic approaches, may reveal the underlying genetic lesions.
Response of soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea to drought stress during reproductive stage
Authors: PURWANTORO PURWANTORO , SUHARTINA SUHARTINA , NUGRAHAENI NOVITA , SULISTYO APRI 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Purwantoro, Suhartina, Nugrahaeni N, Sulistyo A. 2017. Response of soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea to drought stress during reproductive stage. Biodiversitas 18: 15-19. Â Soybean is mostly planted in wetland (paddy field) during dry season. The plant is frequently suffered from drought which lead to low productivity. Cultivar tolerant to drought is needed in an attempt to increase productivity. Instead of high productivity, short duration and large seed size are soybean characteristics preferred by soybean farmers in Indonesia. Research aimed to assess response of soybean introduction genotypes to drought stress during reproductive phase were conducted during dry season of 2012. Genotypes used in the study were twenty soybean genotypes introduced from South Korea and three check cultivars (Mutiara, Grobogan, and Dering 1). The trials were conducted in the field at Kendalpayak Experimental Farm and under rain-shelter in Kendalpayak, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Each genotype was planted in a single row of 2 m length, with no replication. Plant spacing was 40 cm x 15 cm. Fertilizers i.e. 100 kg ha-1 of Urea, 100 kg ha-1 of SP36, and 75 kg ha-1 of KCl were applied entirely at planting time. The plants were irrigated twice, at planting and at flowering time, and then subjected to drought stress during reproductive phase. Observations included days to flowering, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches, number of fertile nodes, number of pods, number of empty pods, weight of 100 seeds, and seed weight per plant. Results showed that five out of the 20 tested genotypes were resistant to drought stress during reproductive phase comparable to the check cultivar Dering 1. Four of them, i.e. Daewon, Ilmi, Jangmi, and Mausu, including large seed size and short duration. Those characteristics can be used to improve seed size and plants maturity of the existing drought tolerant cultivar.Keywords: Glyine max, introduction, genotype, drought stress, reproductive phase
The effect of types and concentrations of auxins on callus induction of Centella asiatica
Authors: RAHAYU SUCI , ROOSTIKA IKA , BERMAWIE NURLIANI 
Published: November 2016

Abstract. Rahayu S, Ika Roostika I, Bermawie N. 2016. The effect of types and concentrations of auxins on callus induction of Centella asiatica. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 283-287. Centella (Centella asiatica L.) is one of medicinal crops that have various utility as healing wounds, inflammation, rheumatic, hemorrhoids, tuberculosis, dysentery, leprosy, and fever and also as appetizer. In recent years the demand for raw materials of medicinal from Centella has increased. Until now, Centella has been harvested directly from nature without replanting so that this plant was worried to be extinct gradually. In vitro culture is one of the techniques for plant propagation. This technique has proved to be able to propagate a plant in large numbers, short time and uniform. Callus induction is initial stages of plant propagation by indirect organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis. The objectives of this research were to find out the most suitable type of auxins and its concentrations to induce callus formation of Centella. Explants used in this research were leaves and petioles taken from sterile culture of Centella var. Castina 1. Three kinds of auxins were used to this research, i.e. 2,4-D, Picloram and Dicamba at the levels of 2, 4 and 6 mgL-1. The result indicated that the most suitable type of auxin for inducing callus formation was 2,4-D or Dicamba at concentration of 4 mgL-1 which gave the highest percentage of callus formation, and the highest fresh weight as well.
Root Stability Evaluation with Non-Destructive Techniques
Authors: Buza Ágnes Kinga , Divós Ferenc 
Published: November 2016

AbstractDue to their huge benefits when compared to invasive or destructive techniques, the use of non-destructive approaches is continuously increasing in many fields. The visual assessment method is commonly applied in tree inspection, but it has limitations. Investigations using appropriate nondestructive instruments can well complement visual tree inspection. This paper is a short overview that describes non-destructive techniques for evaluating the load-bearing capacity of individual trees’ root systems. The techniques used are acoustic root detection and the pulling test. Safety factors were also calculated to provide a hazard assessment.
Comparison of novel physiological load-adaptive control strategies for ventricular assist devices
Authors: Habigt Moriz , Ketelhut Maike , Gesenhues Jonas , Schrödel Frank , Hein Marc , Mechelinck Mare , Schmitz-Rode Thomas , Abel Dirk , Rossaint Rolf 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTerminal heart failure (HF) is the most prevalent cause of death in the Western world and the implantation of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) has become the gold standard therapy today. Most of the actually implanted devices are driven at a constant speed (CS) regardless of the patient’s physiological demand. A new physiological controller [power ratio (PR) controller], which keeps a constant ratio between LVAD power and left ventricular power, a previous concept [preload responsive speed (PRS) controller], which adds a variable LVAD power to reach a defined stroke work, and a CS controller were compared with an unimpaired ventricle in a full heart computer simulation model. The effects of changes in preload, afterload and left ventricular contractility are displayed by global hemodynamics and ventricular pressure-volume loops. Both physiological controllers demonstrated the desired load dependency, whereas the PR controller exceeded the PRS controller in response to an increased load and contractility. Response was inferior when preload or contractility was decreased. Thus, the PR controller might lead to an increased exercise tolerance of the patient. Additional studies are required to evaluate the controllers
Infrared analysis of lipoproteins in the detection of alcohol biomarkers
Authors: De Bruyne Sander , Monteyne Tinne , Speeckaert Marijn M. , Delanghe Joris R. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background:
Alcoholism is a major public health problem. Alcohol causes modifications in the composition and concentration of lipoproteins and influences the enzymes and transfer proteins that transform lipoproteins in plasma. Alcohol is associated with the presence of alcohol biomarkers (fatty acid ethyl esters [FAEEs] and phosphatidylethanol [PEth]) in lipoproteins. We explore the possibilities of detecting alcohol biomarkers in non-high-density-lipoproteins (non-HDLs) precipitated from serum using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR).

Methods:
Analyzes were carried out on stored serum samples, with known % carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT) values, included in a driver’s license regranting program under the control of the Belgian Institute of Road Safety. The study consisted of 127 control samples (CDT≤1.3%) and 114 alcoholic samples (CDT>1.3%). Liver enzymes, CRP, triglycerides, total, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol values were determined. Non-HDLs were precipitated with sodium phosphotungstate and MgCl2 and analyzed using ATR-FTIR in the range from 4500 cm−1 to 450 cm−1 using a Perkin Elmer ATR-FTIR Spectrometer Two.

Results:
The area under the curve of the 1130–990 cm−1 region (AUC1130−990 cm−1) was able to discriminate controls from alcoholics (p<0.0001) due to the presence of FAEEs in lipoproteins. Multiple regression analysis significantly predicted the AUC1130−990 cm−1 (adj. r2=0.13, p<0.0001). Significant correlations were found between AUC1130−990 cm−1 and CDT values (r=0.32, p<0.0001), AST/ALT ratio (r=0.21, p=0.001). GGT showed no significant correlation.

Conclusions:
Infrared analysis of lipoproteins is a potential tool in the detection of alcohol biomarkers.
The planar Couette flow with slip and jump boundary conditions in a microchannel
Authors: Hssikou Mohamed , Baliti Jamal , Alaoui Mohammed 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe steady state of a dilute gas enclosed within a rectangular cavity, whose upper and lower sides are in relative motion, is considered in the slip and early transition regimes. The DSMC (Direct simulation Monte Carlo) method is used to solve the Boltzmann equation for analysing a Newtonian viscous heat conducting ideal gas with the slip and jump boundary conditions (SJBC) in the vicinity of horizontal walls. The numerical results are compared with the Navier–Stokes solutions, with and without SJBC, through the velocity, temperature, and normal heat flux profiles. The parallel heat flux and shear stress are also evaluated as a function of rarefaction degree; estimated by the Knudsen numberKn${K_{n}}$. Thus, the breakdown of the classical Navier–Stokes theory is clarified in the non-equilibrium area, so-called Knudsen layer, near the top and bottom sides.