bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Some Touching Thoughts and Wishful Thinking
Authors: Kleege Georgina 
Published: March 2016

Abstract: I describe a recent touch tour I took at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, and suggest that since sighted visitors do not enjoy the opportunity to touch works of art, museums should collect the observations of blind visitors to expand cultural knowledge by including tactile aesthetics. Key words: blindness, blind museum access, Museum of Modern Art, tactile aesthetics.
Reason and Normative Embodiment in Plato's Republic: On the Philosophical Creation of Disability
Authors: Kiefer Thomas Joseph 
Published: March 2016

This essay argues that the tendency to exclude individuals with disabilities from philosophical discourse is rooted in the attempt to apply rationally-derived principles to human embodiment. To establish this thesis, this essay focuses on Plato's Republic as one of the first, foundational philosophical texts to specifically argue that a city governed by reasonableness should actively kill individuals with intellectual and physical disabilities because such individuals embody injustice as the lack of order. This essay concludes that because philosophical discourse is predicated upon on rationality and rational principles, the exclusion of individuals with disabilities due to considerations of normative conceptions of embodiment will always remain an inherent possibility within human reasoning. However, historical and contemporary attempts to philosophically derive a normative conception of human embodiment will also necessarily fail to adequately address human embodiment insofar as such rationalized schemas exclude individuals and deny inevitable borderline cases to appear rationally coherent.
Idiots Savants, Retarded Savants, Talented Aments, Mono-Savants, Autistic Savants, Just Plain Savants, People with Savant Syndrome, and Autistic People Who Are Good at Things: A View from Disability Studies
Authors: Straus Joseph 
Published: March 2016

People with a particular profile of strengths and weaknesses—typically involving prodigious skill in one area (such as calendar or arithmetical calculation, art, or music) and a general “mental deficiency”—have long been categorized as “idiots savants,” or with other, similar labels. It is the goal of this paper to dismantle this category in all of its terminological manifestations by deconstructing both the “idiocy” and the “savantism” that underpin it. In its place, I focus instead on people with autism, who typically have special interests and activities they pursue intensively and skillfully: people identified as savants are mostly autistic, and autistic people usually have some sort of special interest or skill. For the idiot savant, the savant skill is understood to emerge in spite of the general lack of intelligence. For the autistic person, the special interests or skills arise not in spite of the autism but precisely because of it: autism enables the skill; the skill makes the autism visible. Instead of enfreaking people as super-crips, I propose to celebrate them in a realistic mode, as autistic people who are good at things.Keywords: Idiot savant, savant syndrome, autism.
“What’s the point of having friends?”: Reformulating Notions of the Meaning of Friends and Friendship among Autistic People
Authors: Bertilsdotter Rosqvist Hanna , Brownlow Charlotte , O Lindsay 
Published: March 2016

In this paper we discuss the notion of 'autistic friendship'. Drawing on articles published in the Swedish advocacy magazine Empowerment, written for and by autistic people, a thematic analysis explores two interrelated themes: the meaning and performance of friendship in non-autistic (NT) and autistic (AS) worlds and the meaning of space in social interaction and community. Articles published in the magazine frequently discuss autistic only spaces as safe places in which to make friends with other autistic people and also in which to perhaps learn how to manage social interactions with the dominant non-autistic (NT) culture.
AVALIAÇÃO DE FUNÇÕES DE GOVERNOS ESTADUAIS E DO DISTRITO FEDERAL NA PERCEPÇÃO DOS CONTRIBUINTES/USUÁRIOS
Authors: Silva Maurício Corrêa da , Souza Fábia Jaiany Viana de , Araujo Aneide Oliveira , Silva José Dionísio Gomes da 
Published: March 2016

<p>Esta pesquisa tem o objetivo de levantar opiniões sobre os graus de satisfação de contribuintes/usuários sobre as funções dos governos estaduais e do distrito federal: legislativa; judiciária; segurança pública; saúde; educação; saneamento; gestão ambiental; desportos e lazer; cultura e administração, através de um questionário em que são atribuídas notas de 1 a 10. O questionário foi disponibilizado em sítio eletrônico próprio no período de 01 de junho a 12 de julho de 2013. Foi realizada também uma avaliação da eficiência instrumental orçamentária dos 26 Estados e do Distrito Federal do ano de 2012. Os resultados revelaram que o Estado de Minas Gerais, seguido de São Paulo e Mato Grosso do Sul foram os melhores avaliados pelos contribuintes/usuários e Tocantins, Rondônia e Alagoas obtiveram as menores médias nas avaliações das 10 funções de governo. As funções segurança pública e saúde foram avaliadas de forma conjunta com a nota final 3 (18% e 20%, respectivamente dos 643 contribuintes/usuários participantes da pesquisa) e educação com a nota 4 (18%). Em relação a eficiência instrumental orçamentária de 2012, os Estados de Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará e Maranhão foram considerados eficientes, mas em relação à percepção dos contribuintes/usuários, os mesmos ficaram na 27ª, 7ª, 11ª, 20ª e 22ª posição no <em>ranking </em>da avaliação.</p>
Service Quality And Its Impact On Customer Satisfaction: An Empirical Evidence From The Pakistani Banking Sector
Authors: Naeem Hummayoun , Akram Asma , Saif M. Iqbal 
Published: March 2016

This comparative research was designed to investigate the impact of service quality on customer satisfaction in the Pakistani banking sector. Hypothesis developed for the study was higher level of service quality leads to higher level of customer satisfaction. A sample of two hundred respondents, (one hundred from a foreign bank and one hundred from a public sector / nationalized bank located in the twin cities of Rawalpindi and Islamabad) was drawn on the basis of simple random sampling. Various constructs of SERVQUAL model developed by Zeithaml and Bitner (1996) and five point customer satisfaction tool developed by Taylor and Baker (1994) were adopted and used for data collection. Data were analyzed through SPSS version 14. Results of the regression analysis indicated that service quality was proved to be a strong predictor of customer satisfaction in case of the foreign bank with the R2 value of 0.644 accepting research hypothesis and rejecting null hypothesis as compared value R2 of 0.156 that does not support the research hypothesis in case of public sector bank. The study concluded that service quality, if managed effectively, can contribute significantly towards customer satisfaction.
The connection between academic and athletic performance among elite university student athletes
Authors: Lenténé Puskás Andrea 
Published: March 2016

Athletes in higher education are not only expected to produce high level performance but to find the balance between the preparation for post-athletic life and the requirements of the university. The objective of this study is to explore the connections between academic performance and level of sport. Also, to elaborate on the role of relevant policy regulations and institutional support that help elite athletes meet academic requirements. Data collection was conducted by means of online questionnaires involving athletes receiving sport scholarships at the University of Debrecen (N=159). The data from questionnaires were processed by using SPSS 18. Version software. For data analyse four groups were extracted based on level of sport performance and involvement: international elite, division I, division II, division III. The results indicate that the academic performance on the two international elite of sport did not differ from the average, and that these athletes did not experience any difficulties earning course credits at the university while being engaged in doing sport. In most cases, elite athletes did not apply for the various kind of support instruments, thus, they are able to balance athletic preparation and academic requirements without supportive modifications of university policies. The results also shed light on the fact that the academic performance does not only depend on the level of sport and the chosen major at the university, but it is also influenced by the time devoted to study and training, and the sport type (individual or team sport). There are differences observed between athletes participating in individual or team sport concerning the general average of grades, the effectiveness of earning credits, the number of weekly training, as well as the time devoted to training in preparatory and competitive periods. According to the results, the various amount of time devoted to study or sport does not necessarily result in academic performance decline. In addition, results support that athletes do keep academic studies rather important and they are aware that university years are considered to be a significant period in preparation for post-athletic life.
JEL code: Z20
National Innovation System of India: The Dynamics of Science and Technology Indicators and Empirical Considerations
Authors: SHERGILL Baldev Singh 
Published: March 2016

<p>The present paper is an attempt to explore changing national innovation system of India in the context of conventional measure of national innovation system, science and technology indicators during pre-reform period, 1980-1992 and post reform period, 1993-2006 which reflects the policy change, liberalize license system and science and technology policy in 1991 while extensive economic reforms initiated. The paper undertakes a detailed sketch out of R&amp;D activities across industries, laboratories and institutions. R&amp;D expenditure growth rate in industrial sector, R&amp;D intensity, R&amp;D expenditure by major scientific agencies, growth rates of basic research, applied research, experimental research and other related S&amp;T activities, growth rates of advertising expenditure, new plant and machinery in public and private sector, faculty-wise enrolment in higher education, estimated stock of science and technology personnel, patent filed by different states and patent granted in different fields, subject area-wise research papers, books and technical reports published in different fields from India and comparative trends in IPR granted in India analyzed in a comparative approach. R&amp;D input indicators growth rate turned down in the post reform period as comparative to pre reform period. R&amp;D output indicators boosted during post reform period as relative to pre reform period. It is argued that increase in patent filed and IPR granted over time is basically due to the introduction of IPR regime. </p>
Correlations Between Cardiovascular Autonomic Control Indices During the Two-hour Immobilization Test in Healthy Subjects
Authors: Kiselev A.R. , Shvartz V.A. , Karavaev A.S. , Mironov S.A. , Ponomarenko V.I. , Gridnev V.I. , Prokhorov M.D. 
Published: March 2016

Objective:
The aim of the present study was to assess the features of dynamics of cardiovascular autonomic indices and correlations between them during the two-hour immobilization test in healthy subjects.

Methods:
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) and electrocardiogram were recorded simultaneously during the two-hour immobilization test in 14 healthy subjects (5 men and 9 women) aged 29±5 years (mean±SD). Dynamics of heart rate variability (HRV) power spectrum in high-frequency and low-frequency ranges (in ms2 and percents of total spectral power), mean heart rate (HR), and index S of synchronization between 0.1-Hz rhythms in PPG and HR were analyzed.

Results:
Individual dynamics of all studied cardiovascular autonomic indices during the two-hour immobilization test was unique in each healthy subject. Two groups of healthy subjects were identified basing on individual features of autonomic control. The group with initial low level of index S maintained the low level of S during the two-hour immobilization test. The group with initial high index S maintained the high level of S only during the first 100 minutes of test. During the last 20 minutes of test, index S was similar in both groups. Many cardiovascular autonomic indices correlate between themselves for an individual subject, but they do not correlate between the subjects. Multiple regression analysis in each subject has shown a high correlation between mean HR and all other studied autonomic parameters in 57% of subjects (multiple R>0.9, P<0.05). For 204 records analyzed without taking into account the individual features of subjects, the above mentioned correlation was smaller (multiple R=0.45, P<0.001). Index S was found out to be the most independent one among the autonomic indices.

Conclusion:
Cardiovascular autonomic control is characterized by a pronounced variability among healthy subjects and stability in time in each subject. We have not found any regularity in variation of cardiovascular autonomic indices, which is common for the entire group of healthy subjects during the two-hour immobilization test. Mean HR is a summary index of efficiency of heart autonomic control. Index S is the most independent cardiovascular autonomic parameter.
Primary splenic torsion in dogs: 102 cases (1992–2014)
Authors: DeGroot Whitney , Giuffrida Michelle A. , Rubin Jacob , Runge Jeffrey J. , Zide Amy , Mayhew Philipp D. , Culp William T. N. , Mankin Kelley Thieman , Amsellem Pierre M. , Petrukovich Brandi , Ringwood P. Brendon , Case J. Brad , Singh Ameet 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To determine the percentage of dogs surviving to hospital discharge and identify factors associated with death prior to hospital discharge among dogs undergoing surgery because of primary splenic torsion (PST).
DESIGN
Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS
102 client-owned dogs.
PROCEDURES
Medical records of dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of PST that underwent surgery between August 1992 and May 2014 were reviewed. History, signalment, results of physical examination and preoperative bloodwork, method of splenectomy, concurrent surgical procedures, perioperative complications, duration of hospital stay, splenic histopathologic findings, and details of follow-up were recorded. Best-fit multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify perioperative factors associated with survival to hospital discharge.
RESULTS
93 of the 102 (91.2%) dogs survived to hospital discharge. German Shepherd Dogs (24/102 [23.5%]), Great Danes (15/102 [14.7%]), and English Bulldogs (12/102 [11.8%]) accounted for 50% of cases. Risk factors significantly associated with death prior to hospital discharge included septic peritonitis at initial examination (OR, 32.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 502.0), intraoperative hemorrhage (OR, 22.6; 95% CI, 1.8 to 289.8), and postoperative development of respiratory distress (OR, 35.7; 95% CI, 2.7 to 466.0). Histopathologic evidence of splenic neoplasia was not found in any case.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Results suggested that the prognosis for dogs undergoing splenectomy because of PST was favorable. Several risk factors for death prior to discharge were identified, including preexisting septic peritonitis, intraoperative hemorrhage, and postoperative development of respiratory distress.
Preparedness of small animal veterinary practices to communicate with Spanish-speaking pet owners with limited proficiency in English
Authors: Landau Ruth E. , Beck Alan , Glickman Larry T. , Litster Annette , Widmar Nicole J. Olynk , Moore George E. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the preparedness of small animal veterinary personnel to communicate with Spanish-speaking pet owners with limited English-language proficiency (LEP).
DESIGN
Cross-sectional telephone survey.
SAMPLE
Data from 383 small animal veterinary practices.
PROCEDURES
Telephone surveys were conducted with veterinarians and office or practice managers from a random sample of US small animal veterinary practices in 10 states to estimate the number of Spanish-speaking pet owners with LEP visiting these practices, proportion of practices that used services to facilitate communication with Spanish-speaking clients with LEP, and degree of veterinarian satisfaction with their communication with those clients.
RESULTS
Responses were obtained from 383 of 1,245 (31%) eligible practices, of which 340 (89%) had Spanish-speaking clients with LEP and 200 (52%) had such clients on a weekly basis. Eight percent of practices had veterinary personnel who were conversant or fluent in spoken Spanish. Veterinarians who depended on clients' friends or family to translate were significantly less satisfied with client communication than were those who could converse in Spanish with clients directly. Availability of Spanish-speaking staff and offering of Spanish-language resources were associated with an increase in the number of Spanish-speaking clients with LEP seen on a weekly basis. Industry- and practice-generated Spanish-language materials were offered at 32% (124/383) and 21% (81/383) of practices, respectively; 329 (86%) practices had no Spanish-language marketing.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Opportunities were identified for improving communication with pet owners with LEP in the veterinary clinical setting, which could ultimately positively impact patient well-being and client compliance.
Isokinetic exercise improves concentric knee flexion torque better than isometric exercise in patients with advanced osteoarthritis
Authors: Çakır T. , Toraman N.F. , Uçkun A. , Yalçın Ü 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Although exercise is recommended for knee osteoarthritis, to the best of our knowledge there have been no studies comparing isometric and isokinetic exercise in relation to the degree of osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of isokinetic and isometric exercise programs in terms of pain, physical function and muscle strength in relation to the severity of knee osteoarthritis. METHOD: A total of 73 females, aged 50-65 years with bilateral Grade II(n= 36) and Grade III (n= 37) knee osteoarthritis were randomly assigned to an isokinetic [Grade II (n= 19), Grade III (n= 18)], or isometric exercise group [Grade II (n= 17), Grade III (n= 19)]. The isokinetic groups underwent a concentric strengthening program at 90°/s and 120°/s once per day, and the isometric groups underwent an isometric strengthening program at 3 times per day for 15 days. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, ultrasound and hot packs were applied for all groups. The primary outcome measure was pain evaluated by visual analogue scale and secondary outcome measures of Western Ontario {&} McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, sit-stand, standing-up from a chair and 15-m walking, ascend/descend stairs, and concentric flexor and extensor peak torque at 90, 120, 180 and 300°/s were measured in all patients before and after 15 days of treatment. RESULTS: A significant difference was determined between the isokinetic grade III group and the isometric grade III group adjusted to baseline values at 15 days post-treatment in respect of flexion peak torque value at 120°/s.The change in the peak torque value in the isokinetic grade III group was greater than that of the the isometric grade III group (108%, 59%, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups in the other outcome measures and isokinetic peak torque values at different velocities. CONCLUSION: The concentric flexion torque at 120°/s improved more in the isokinetic grade III group than in the isometric grade III group.
Drop in mechanical work: A highly reliable fatigue-related output in Wingate All-out Test
Authors: Pekünlü Ekim , Ozkaya Ozgur , Yapicioglu Bulent 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: Mathematical procedures involved in the calculation of fatigue index (FI) and power drop (PD) are the main reasons why these traditional fatigue-related indices of Wingate All-out Test (WAT) are the least reliable indices. OBJECTIVE: To suggest a highly reliable fatigue-related output calculated by drop in mechanical work production (DMW). METHODS: Twenty-one well-trained male athletes (age: 21.8 ± 1.9 years, peak power [PP]: 14.7 ± 1.3 W ⋅ kg - 1) participated in a series of WAT sessions, using 10% of their body mass as the workload, separated by 2-4 days. These WAT sessions were continued until the difference in PP between successive trials was less than 5%. Traditional FI and PD values were calculated using mean power data obtained from 5, 3, 2 and 1-second time intervals and using instantaneous power data, while DMW was calculated by predetermined areas in power-time curve. RESULTS: Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and coefficient of variations (CV) revealed that DMW had higher reliability level (ICC = 0.92, CV = 4.53%) than that of traditional fatigue-related indices (ICC ≤ 0.91, CV ≥ 5.71%). In addition, DMW had the lowest limit of ``real change'' with 10.2% as the minimum detectable change score at 90% confidence. CONCLUSIONS: DMW might be used as a reliable output to evaluate fatigue-related power data of the anaerobic capability. Besides, Monark Inc. may easily modify its Peak Bike 894E software to make 30-second all-out test more reliable for the assessment of fatigability levels.
The intra- and inter-day reproducibility of the FitroDyne as a measure of multi-jointed muscle function
Authors: Fernandes John F.T. , Lamb Kevin L. , Twist Craig 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: The FitroDyne has been used to assess muscle function but its reproducibility has not been determined during traditional multi-jointed resistance exercises. OBJECTIVE: To assess the intra- and inter-day reproducibility of the FitroDyne during traditional resistance exercises. METHODS: Fourteen resistance trained males completed a one repetition maximum (1RM) and three repetitions of bench press, squat and bent-over-row in 10% increments (from 20 to 80%). Replica trials were completed two and 48 hours later. The FitroDyne rotary encoder measured barbell velocity during each repetition from which power output was calculated. RESULTS: For all loads and exercises the intra-day typical error (TE) for peak and mean power, and velocity, respectively, during bench press (8.2-53 W and 2.2-6.9 cm ⋅ s - 1), squat (13.3-55.6 W and 2.4-7.4 cm ⋅ s - 1), and bent-over-row(14.5-62.8 W and 4-10.5 cm ⋅ s - 1) identified only moderate changes. Bench press yielded poor intra-day reproducibility at 80% 1RM only (CV% = 12.2-17.1), whereas squat and bent-over-row across all loads for peak and mean power and velocity displayed better reproducibility CV% = 2.4-9.0). Inter-day, the TE detected moderate changes for peak and mean power and velocity for all three exercises. Inter-day reproducibility was comparable to intra-day, though improved for bench press 80% 1RM (CV% = 6.1-8.6). CONCLUSION: These data support the use of the FitroDyne at submaximal loads for monitoring moderate changes in muscle function both intra- and inter-day.