bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yoga Offers Cardiovascular Protection in Early Postmenopausal Women
Authors: Praveena Sinha M , Asha Gandhi , Sunita Mondal , Anju Jain , Ratna Biswas 
Published: January 2018

Context:
Postmenopause, an estrogen deficient state comes with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Yoga has been described as having a beneficial effect on heart rate variability (HRV), a marker for cardiac autonomic activity which can assess cardiovascular risk, in various populations.

Aim:
the aim of the study was to study the effect of 3-month long Yoga practice on HRV in early postmenopausal women.

Settings and Design:
A prospective longitudinal study of 67 women within 5 years of menopause between 45 and 60 years of age attending menopause clinic of Department of Gynaecology, Sucheta Kriplani Hospital fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria and consenting were enrolled for the study.

Subjects and Methods:
HRV of 37 cases (Yoga group) and 30 controls (non-Yoga group) was recorded pre and 3-month postintervention.

Statistical Analysis Used:
GraphPad Prism Version 5 software was used. Values are a mean and standard error of mean. Statistical significance was set up at P < 0.05.

Results:
In HRV, frequency domain analysis showed a significant fall in low frequency (LF) in normalized units (nu) and LF: high frequency (HF) ratio and significant rise in HF in nu in the Yoga group (depicting parasympathetic dominance) against a significant rise in LF (nu) and LF: HF ratio and significant fall in HF (nu) in non-Yoga group (indicating sympathetic dominance). Time domain analysis showed a significant decrease in Standard Deviation of NN intervals in Non-Yoga group against nonsignificant changes in Yoga group indicating deterioration in parasympathetic activity in non-Yoga group.

Conclusions:
Three-month long Yoga practice improved HRV in early postmenopausal women significantly and has the potential to attenuate the CVD risk in postmenopausal women.
‘Omg zo fashionably english’
Authors: Vriesendorp Hielke , Rutten Gijsbert 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Although the influence of English on Dutch is mainly visible in a large number of lexical borrowings (De Decker & Vandekerckhove, 2012; Berteloot & Van der Sijs, 2002), a newly compiled corpus of chat conversations between Dutch young adults shows that some native speakers of Dutch codeswitch to English in their Dutch conversations and use English creatively. In this study this is explained as an identity practice for young gay men in a community of practice where non-heteronormative gay-celebratory identities are constructed, due to the connotations of English with the (always English-speaking) entertainment in which these speakers can find multidimensional, young, and ‘cool’ gay role models.
Chaucer's Cunning: An Incarnational Pun and an Omission in the Middle English Dictionary
Authors: Dutton Marsha L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
The medieval existence of a sexual meaning for the word cunning, rendering the word itself available for sexual puns, remains unrecognized today, in part because the Middle English Dictionary (MED) fails to include any instance demonstrating such use. But a line from the popular Proverbs of Hending, written before 1325, witnesses to the fourteenth-century availability of the sense. This article discusses the value of literary puns, shows numerous instances in which Chaucer appears to pun sexually on the word cunning, and explains the incarnational implications of the linking of body and spirit in such a pun. It also explores the MED's omission of the relevant quotation from the entry for cunning, examining the MED's archived slips and considering the editorial conventions that should have required inclusion of the evidence from the Proverbs of Hending.
The Race-Religion Constellation: A European Contribution to the Critical Philosophy of Race
Authors: Topolski Anya 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis article traces the hidden race-religion constellation in Europe. The term “race-religion constellation” refers to the connection or co-constitution of the categories of race and “religion.” Specifically, the term “race-religion constellation” is used to refer to the practice of classifying people into races according to categories we now associate with the term “religion.” This calls for a consideration of European history and forms of racism in Europe, such as anti-Semitism and Islamophobia. This article aims to provide an alternative non-secularized or biological account of the origins of the socially constructed category of race in Europe. The alternative story begins in the sixteenth century, when the category of “religion” as a means for classifying peoples was both constructed and politicized. In tracing this alternative story, this article seeks to outline a framework for a critical philosophy of race focused on a European religion line that intersects with Du Bois's color line.
Race and the Senses: Toward Articulating the Sensory Apparatus of Race
Authors: Sekimoto Sachi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
This article provides a preliminary exploration into the relationship between the bodily senses and race. Seeking insight into what Merleau-Ponty called a body-subject—a lived, knowing body that is aware and reflective of its perceptual experience and actively participates in the construction of reality—it explores the role of the bodily senses in constituting the ideological universe of race. Approaching the body as an anchor of sensory apparatus that is cultivated to confirm and uphold the social and ideological existence of race, it explores how we cultivate, activate, and materialize the historically specific bodies that actively perceive race as difference and participate in the social reality organized by race. Examples of colorblind ideology and racialized pain are used to substantiate the claim that our sensory participation in reality is integral to maintaining what we call race.
De plaats van het interne toezicht in de praktijk van het externe toezicht
Authors: Schakel Leonie , Stoopendaal Annemiek 
Published: January 2018

De plaats van het interne toezicht in de praktijk van het externe toezicht
Politici en wetenschappers zijn het er al jaren over eens dat extern toezicht en intern toezicht kunnen verbeteren wanneer zij elkaar zouden aanvullen en versterken. Toch spreken interne en externe toezichthouders elkaar zelden. Dit artikel brengt de plaats van het interne toezicht in de praktijk van extern toezichthouders in kaart. Uit het onderzoek blijkt dat interne toezichthouders zich gestaag een plek verwerven in de toezichtpraktijk van externe toezichthouders, maar structureel beleid is nog schaars. Door inzichten uit de literatuur en de praktijk van de externe toezichthouders is het mogelijk de keuzes die gemaakt worden in het vormgeven van de relatie tussen intern en extern toezicht beter te onderbouwen.
A Review of Nondestructive Examination Methods for New-building Ships Undergoing Classification Society Survey
Authors: Amirafshari Peyman , Barltrop Nigel , Bharadwaj Ujjwal , Wright Martyn , Oterkus Selda 
Published: January 2018

Classification societies require ship manufacturers to perform nondestructive examination (NDE) of ship weldments to ensure the welding quality of new-building ships. Ships can contain hundreds of kilometers of weld lines and 100% inspection of all welded connections is not feasible. Hence, a limited number of weldments are specified by rules of classification societies to be inspected on a sampling basis. There is a variation between the rules and guidelines used by different classification societies in terms of both philosophy and implementation which results in significant discrepancy in the prescribed checkpoints, numbers, and their locations. In this article, relevant sections of the rules of mainstream International Association of Classification Societies members are studied and potential ways of improving them are discussed. The authors have endeavored to make this study as comprehensive as much as possible. However, given the challenges of covering every single aspect and variable related to NDE in the classification societies' rules and guidelines reviewed here, the authors can only attempt to cover the key features.

1. Introduction
Ship structures are joined with hundreds of kilometers of weld lines. The presence of weld in a structure potentially reduces the structure's fatigue life by means of introducing a discontinuity into the completed weld/parent material joint, and introducing residual stress; this could be further amplified by presences of defects inherent to the welding process. Rules, standards, and guidelines may require manufacturers to carry out certain procedures for enhancing weld's reliability, such as weld toe grinding to enhance weld profile geometry (and hence fatigue improvement), heat treatment to improve welded joint's toughness, and nondestructive examination (NDE) to detect weld defects. performing NDE for finished welds is the best way to find possible defects, and relevant rules require manufacturers to do so. However, only a sample of welds is subject to thorough NDE as it is unfeasible to carry out the same extent of detailed inspection on all ship weldments.
Une participation « outre mesure » ?
Authors: Coton Christel 
Published: January 2018

Cet article se propose de questionner la façon dont les temporalités sociales et académiques d’un chercheur peuvent peser sur les dispositifs et les postures d’enquête qu’il peut engager sur son objet. Pour illustrer cela, il revient sur une enquête par observation participante menée dans une école d’officiers en France par l’auteure dans le cadre de son doctorat. L’article montre comment « l’engagement » sur le terrain et la participation de l’auteure aux luttes de distinction des officiers eux-mêmes ont pu répondre certes à des questionnements théoriques relevant d’une tradition scientifique revendiquée, mais aussi à des enjeux de positionnements professionnels typiques d’une chercheuse non titulaire, alors relativement peu dotée en ressources académiques. Il montre comment et pourquoi l’engagement ethnographique « outre mesure » peut être envisagé et constitué comme une ressource académique et scientifique alternative pour un type particulier de jeunes prétendants au métier de chercheur.
L’ethnographie comme expérience de conversion à la sociologie. Entretien avec Olivier Schwartz
Authors: Renahy1 Nicolas 
Published: January 2018

Olivier Schwartz occupe une place centrale dans la sociologie française des mondes populaires depuis le début des années 1990, et de manière concomitante dans la diffusion de la méthode ethnographique. Partant de l’analyse de la trajectoire sociale et intellectuelle du sociologue des années 1970 à nos jours, l’entretien éclaire le contexte dans lequel l’ethnographie s’est formalisée et développée en France. L’évocation du dialogue entretenu avec les disciplines voisines (anthropologie, histoire, philosophie) et des différentes enquêtes menées ouvre ici, finalement, à une contribution sur la nature même de la sociologie ethnographique. Les individus que l’on rencontre dans l’enquête ne peuvent être réduits à des personnes détachées des rapports de pouvoirs qui se jouent à différentes échelles ; les données empiriques récoltées n’ont de sens que replacées dans une structure sociale bien plus large que le petit monde social observé. Inversement, l’ethnographie modifie la manière de faire de la sociologie : l’expérience de l’enquête « ancre » dans une société. Le savoir qui en est produit n’en est que mieux armé.
Résister à l’esclavage dans l’Atlantique français : aperçu historiographique, hypothèses et pistes de recherche1
Authors: Le Glaunec Jean-Pierre 
Published: January 2018

L’objet « résistance à l’esclavage » n’occupe pas la « juste place » qui lui revient dans l’historiographie française. Alors que la question n’a pas cessé d’être étudiée dans l’historiographie anglo-saxonne depuis les années 1960, on est frappé par la rareté des travaux en France et par la perspective typologique généralement adoptée pour en parler, comme si les esclaves « résistants » devaient se contenter de rôles de figurants. Cet article s’inscrit dans un tournant analytique récent porté par des chercheur-e-s dont l’objectif est de faire toute la lumière sur les stratégies de résistance des hommes et femmes esclavisés du monde atlantique français.
Distributional dynamics of a vulnerable species in response to past and future climate change: a window for conservation prospects
Authors: Bai Yunjun , Wei Xueping , Li Xiaoqiang 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe ongoing change in climate is predicted to exert unprecedented effects on Earth’s biodiversity at all levels of organization. Biological conservation is important to prevent biodiversity loss, especially for species facing a high risk of extinction. Understanding the past responses of species to climate change is helpful for revealing response mechanisms, which will contribute to the development of effective conservation strategies in the future.MethodsIn this study, we modelled the distributional dynamics of a ‘Vulnerable’ species,Pseudolarix amabilis, in response to late Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and future 2080 climate change using an ecological niche model (MaxEnt). We also performed migration vector analysis to reveal the potential migration of the population over time.ResultsHistorical modelling indicates that the range dynamics ofP. amabilisis highly sensitive to climate change and that its long-distance dispersal ability and potential for evolutionary adaption are limited. Compared to the current climatically suitable areas for this species, future modelling showed significant migration northward towards future potential climatically suitable areas.DiscussionIn combination with the predicted future distribution, the mechanism revealed by the historical response suggests that this species will not be able to fully occupy the future expanded areas of suitable climate or adapt to the unsuitable climate across the future contraction regions. As a result, we suggest assisted migration as an effective supplementary means of conserving this vulnerable species in the face of the unprecedentedly rapid climate change of the 21st century. As a study case, this work highlights the significance of introducing historical perspectives while researching species conservation, especially for currently vulnerable or endangered taxa that once had a wider distribution in geological time.
Eligible Infants Included in Neonatal Clinical Trials and Reasons for Noninclusion
Authors: Shaikh Henna , Lyle Allison N. J. , Oslin Ellie , Gray Megan M. , Weiss Elliott Mark 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceResults of clinical trials can only represent included participants, and many neonatal trials fail due to insufficient participation. Infants not included in research may differ from those included in meaningful ways, biasing the sample and limiting the generalizability of findings.ObjectiveTo describe the proportion of eligible infants included in neonatal clinical trials and the reasons for noninclusion.Evidence ReviewA systematic search of Cochrane CENTRAL was performed by retrieving articles meeting the following inclusion criteria: full-length, peer-reviewed articles describing clinical trial results in at least 20 human infants from US neonatal intensive care units, published in English, and added to Cochrane CENTRAL between 2017 and 2022. Retrieved articles were screened for inclusion by 2 independent researchers.FindingsIn total 120 articles met inclusion criteria and 91 of these (75.8%) reported the number of infants eligible for participation, which totaled 26 854 in aggregate. Drawing from these, an aggregate of 11 924 eligible infants (44.4%) were included in reported results. Among all eligible infants, most reasons for noninclusion in results were classified as modifiable or potentially modifiable by the research team. Parents declining to participate (8004 infants [29.8%]) or never being approached (2507 infants [9.3%]) were the 2 predominant reasons for noninclusion. Other modifiable reasons included factors related to study logistics, such as failure to appropriately collect data on enrolled infants (859 of 26 854 infants [3.2%]) and other reasons (1907 of 26 854 infants [7.1%]), such as loss to follow-up or eligible participants that were unaccounted for. Nonmodifiable reasons, including clinical change or death, accounted for a small proportion of eligible infants who were not included (858 of 26 854 infants [3.2%]).Conclusions and RelevanceThis systematic review of reporting on eligible infants included and not included in neonatal clinical trials highlights the need for improved documentation on the flow of eligible infants through neonatal clinical trials and may also inform recruitment expectations for trialists designing future protocols. Improved adherence to standardized reporting may clarify which potential participants are being missed, improving understanding of the generalizability of research findings. Furthermore, these findings suggest that future work to understand why parents decline to participate in neonatal research trials and why some are never approached about research may help increase overall participation.
Social Media and Suicide Risk in Youth
Authors: Jaycox Lisa H. , Murphy Eric R. , Zehr Julia L. , Pearson Jane L. , Avenevoli Shelli 
Published: October 2024

ImportanceYouth, parents, educators, and policymakers are concerned about the potential relationship between social media use and negative mental health outcomes, including risk for suicidal thoughts and behaviors.ObservationsCurrent research shows complex and conflicting relationships between social media use and suicide risk. A key limiting factor in clarifying these relationships is a dearth of available information on contextual factors around social media use, with most research focusing only on hours or amount of engagement. Whereas there are clear associations between some types of social media use and suicide risk, there are also many opportunities to mitigate suicide risk through social media. Several methodologic and measurement issues make research challenging. Researchers have only begun to explore how specific risk factors interact with individual vulnerabilities, how social media can be used to enhance youth well-being, and whether and under what circumstances mitigation strategies can be helpful.Conclusions and RelevanceThis overview identifies research gaps and methodological challenges that need to be addressed to guide intervention strategies and future policy relevant to youth and suicide risk.
Sintering Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Ti–TiBw Composites Prepared with Pre‐alloyed Ti–TiBw Composite Powders
Authors: Shi Lu , Li Shufeng , Pan Deng , Liu Lei , Liu Huiying , Li Shaolong , Huang Wenfei , Hui Dongxu , Li Xin , Wang Shaodi , Zhang Xin , Li Bo 
Published: October 2024

Prealloyed powders present a promising alternative to traditional ball milling processes in powder metallurgy, addressing challenges such as uneven powder mixing and incomplete reinforcement reactions. This study investigates the preparation of Ti–TiBw composites using spark plasma sintering (SPS) at temperatures ranging from 950 to 1050 °C, utilizing Ti–TiBw prealloyed composite powders. The effects of sintering temperature on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti–TiBw composites are studied, comparing prealloyed composite powders with ball‐milled premixed powders. As a result, the composites exhibit excellent strength and ductility, with an ultimate tensile strength of 676 MPa at 1000 °C and an elongation of 20.42% at 1050 °C. Comparatively, Ti–TiBw composites prepared from premixed powders achieve densification at 1050 °C, 50 °C higher than those prepared from prealloyed powders.
Single‐Crystalline LiMg Alloy Anode for Deep Cycling All Solid State Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhang Linxue , Xu Dehua , Chen Hao , Li Rui , Hu Zhenglin , Wen Bohua , Chen Aosai , Liu Xingjiang , Luo Jiayan , Wang Aoxuan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAll solid state lithium metal batteries (ASSLMBs) with enhanced energy density has driven the exploration of Li‐alloy anodes such as Li‐Mg alloy owing to its solid‐solution structure and high theoretical specific capacity. But the Li atom diffusion limitation on Li‐Mg electrode surface further leads to sluggish atoms transport dynamics. Herein, single‐crystalline (110)‐oriented Li0.9Mg0.1 (denoted as LiMg(110)) anode is obtained by a tailored melt‐annealing procedure to tackle the above issues. Theoretical analyses and experimental results demonstrate that the crystallographic structural (110) orientation of LiMg anode can facilitate Li atom diffusion and guarantee the electrode stability during deep cycling. As a result, the LiMg(110) electrode exhibits longer cycle life with lower overpotential than polycrystalline LiMg at high current densities and areal capacities in symmetric cells. A critical current density (CCD) at the forefront of 2.5 mA cm−2 is achieved in Li3InCl6 (LIC) solid‐state system. The ASSLMB with high areal capacity (3.8 mAh cm−2), high current density (0.76 mA cm−2), and low negative/positive capacity N/P ratio (2.14) achieves exceptional cyclability over 160 cycles. The outcomes highlight a promising crystallographic regulation strategy toward practical applications of high‐performance lithium metal batteries.
Multiferroic Microstructure Created from Invariant Line Constraint
Authors: Kar Satyakam , Ikeda Yuki , Nielsch Kornelius , Reith Heiko , Maaß Robert , Fähler Sebastian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFerroic materials enable a multitude of emerging applications, and optimum functional properties are achieved when ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties are coupled to a first‐order ferroelastic transition. In bulk materials, this first‐order transition involves an invariant habit plane, connecting coexisting phases: austenite and martensite. Theory predicts that this plane should converge to a line in thin films, but experimental evidence is missing. Here, the martensitic and magnetic microstructure of a freestanding epitaxial magnetic shape memory film is analyzed. It is shown that the martensite microstructure is determined by an invariant line constraint using lattice parameters of both phases as the only input. This line constraint explains most of the observable features, which differ fundamentally from bulk and constrained films. Furthermore, this finite‐size effect creates a remarkable checkerboard magnetic domain pattern through multiferroic coupling. The findings highlight the decisive role of finite‐size effects in multiferroics.