bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE SLOAN DIGITAL SKY SURVEY REVERBERATION MAPPING PROJECT: VELOCITY SHIFTS OF QUASAR EMISSION LINES
Authors: Shen Yue , Brandt W. N. , Richards Gordon T. , Denney Kelly D. , Greene Jenny E. , Grier C. J. , Ho Luis C. , Peterson Bradley M. , Petitjean Patrick , Schneider Donald P. , Tao Charling , Trump Jonathan R. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
Quasar emission lines are often shifted from the systemic velocity due to various dynamical and radiative processes in the line-emitting region. The level of these velocity shifts depends both on the line species and on quasar properties. We study velocity shifts for the line peaks (not the centroids) of various narrow and broad quasar emission lines relative to systemic using a sample of 849 quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Reverberation Mapping (SDSS-RM) project. The coadded (from 32 epochs) spectra of individual quasars have sufficient signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) to measure stellar absorption lines to provide reliable systemic velocity estimates, as well as weak narrow emission lines. The large dynamic range in quasar luminosity (∼2 dex) of the sample allowed us to explore potential luminosity dependence of the velocity shifts. We derive average line peak velocity shifts as a function of quasar luminosity for different lines, and quantify their intrinsic scatter. We further quantify how well the peak velocity can be measured as a function of continuum S/N, and demonstrate that there is no systematic bias in the velocity measurements when S/N is degraded to as low as ∼3 per SDSS pixel (

). Based on the observed line shifts, we provide empirical guidelines on redshift estimation from [O ii]

, [O iii]

, [Ne v]

, Mg ii, C iii], He ii

, broad Hβ, C iv, and Si iv, which are calibrated to provide unbiased systemic redshifts in the mean, but with increasing intrinsic uncertainties of 46, 56, 119, 205, 233, 242, 400, 415, and 477

, in addition to the measurement uncertainties. These results demonstrate the infeasibility of measuring quasar redshifts to better than

with only broad lines.
ROCKY PLANET FORMATION: QUICK AND NEAT
Authors: Kenyon Scott J. , Najita Joan R. , Bromley Benjamin C. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT
We reconsider the commonly held assumption that warm debris disks are tracers of terrestrial planet formation. The high occurrence rate inferred for Earth-mass planets around mature solar-type stars based on exoplanet surveys (∼20%) stands in stark contrast to the low incidence rate (≤2%–3%) of warm dusty debris around solar-type stars during the expected epoch of terrestrial planet assembly (∼10 Myr). If Earth-mass planets at au distances are a common outcome of the planet formation process, this discrepancy suggests that rocky planet formation occurs more quickly and/or is much neater than traditionally believed, leaving behind little in the way of a dust signature. Alternatively, the incidence rate of terrestrial planets has been overestimated, or some previously unrecognized physical mechanism removes warm dust efficiently from the terrestrial planet region. A promising removal mechanism is gas drag in a residual gaseous disk with a surface density ≳10−5 of the minimum-mass solar nebula.
Un destin de femme au xx e siècle : « la jeune homosexuelle » de Freud
Authors: Mioni Monique 
Published: October 2016

Freud ouvre des perspectives à partir de la question de l’homosexualité, sur les concepts métapsychologiques de bisexualité psychique, les stades du développement libidinal, en particulier le narcissisme, la prescience du statut de l’adolescence, enfin, des questions techniques que ses études nous révèlent au plus près de la réalité des séances. Au-delà du « cas », les bouleversements de la vie de la jeune homosexuelle témoignent intensément des changements paradigmatiques du xx e siècle, dont la psychanalyse n’est pas un des moindres.
New Ecuadorian Lamiinae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Authors: Galileo Maria Helena M. , Santos-Silva Antonio , Bezark Larry G. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFour new Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) species and two new genera are described from Ecuador: Blabia albosetanew species (Lamiinae: Desmiphorini); Alloblabianew genus, type species, A. praecipuanew species (Lamiinae: Desmiphorini); Alicalnew genus, type species, A. tuberculatusnew species (Lamiinae: Calliini); and Piola schiffinew species (Lamiinae: Phacellini). The new species of Blabia Thomson, 1864 and Piola Marinoni, 1974, and Alical are included in modified published keys.
The effect of viscosity and diffusion on the HO2 uptake by sucrose and secondary organic aerosol particles
Authors: Lakey Pascale S. J. , Berkemeier Thomas , Krapf Manuel , Dommen Josef , Steimer Sarah S. , Whalley Lisa K. , Ingham Trevor , Baeza-Romero Maria T. , Pöschl Ulrich , Shiraiwa Manabu , Ammann Markus , Heard Dwayne E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. We report the first measurements of HO2 uptake coefficients, γ, for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles and for the well-studied model compound sucrose which we doped with copper(II). Above 65 % relative humidity (RH), γ for copper(II)-doped sucrose aerosol particles equalled the surface mass accommodation coefficient α  =  0.22 ± 0.06, but it decreased to γ  =  0.012 ± 0.007 upon decreasing the RH to 17 %. The trend of γ with RH can be explained by an increase in aerosol viscosity and the contribution of a surface reaction, as demonstrated using the kinetic multilayer model of aerosol surface and bulk chemistry (KM-SUB). At high RH the total uptake was driven by reaction in the near-surface bulk and limited by mass accommodation, whilst at low RH it was limited by surface reaction. SOA from two different precursors, α-pinene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene (TMB), was investigated, yielding low uptake coefficients of γ  <  0.001 and γ  =  0.004 ± 0.002, respectively. It is postulated that the larger values measured for TMB-derived SOA compared to α-pinene-derived SOA are either due to differing viscosity, a different liquid water content of the aerosol particles, or an HO2 + RO2 reaction occurring within the aerosol particles.
Random uncertainties of flux measurements by the eddy covariance technique
Authors: Rannik Üllar , Peltola Olli , Mammarella Ivan 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Large variability is inherent to turbulent flux observations. We review different methods used to estimate the flux random errors. Flux errors are calculated using measured turbulent and simulated artificial records. We recommend two flux errors with clear physical meaning: the flux error of the covariance, defining the error of the measured flux as 1 standard deviation of the random uncertainty of turbulent flux observed over an averaging period of typically 30 min to 1 h duration; and the error of the flux due to the instrumental noise. We suggest that the numerical approximation by Finkelstein and Sims (2001) is a robust and accurate method for calculation of the first error estimate. The method appeared insensitive to the integration period and the value 200 s sufficient to obtain the estimate without significant bias for variety of sites and wide range of observation conditions. The filtering method proposed by Salesky et al. (2012) is an alternative to the method by Finkelstein and Sims (2001) producing consistent, but somewhat lower, estimates. The method proposed by Wienhold et al. (1995) provides a good approximation to the total flux random uncertainty provided that independent cross-covariance values far from the maximum are used in estimation as suggested in this study. For the error due to instrumental noise the method by Lenschow et al. (2000) is useful in evaluation of the respective uncertainty. The method was found to be reliable for signal-to-noise ratio, defined by the ratio of the standard deviation of the signal to that of the noise in this study, less than three. Finally, the random uncertainty of the error estimates was determined to be in the order of 10 to 30 % for the total flux error, depending on the conditions and method of estimation.
Paleosols can promote root growth of recent vegetation – a case study
from the sandy soil–sediment sequence Rakt, the Netherlands
Authors: Gocke Martina I. , Kessler Fabian , van Mourik Jan M. , Jansen Boris , Wiesenberg Guido L. B. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract. Soil studies commonly comprise the uppermost meter for tracing, e.g., soil development. However, the maximum rooting depth of various plants significantly exceeds this depth. We hypothesized that deeper parts of the soil, soil parent material and especially paleosols provide beneficial conditions in terms of, e.g., nutrient contents, thus supporting their utilization and exploitation by deep roots. We aimed to decipher the different phases of soil formation in Dutch drift sands and cover sands. The study site is located at Bedafse Bergen (southeastern Netherlands) in a 200-year-old oak stand. A recent Podzol developed on drift sand covering a Plaggic Anthrosol that was piled up on a relict Podzol on Late Glacial eolian cover sand. Root-free soil and sediment samples, collected in 10–15 cm depth increments, were subjected to a multi-proxy physical and geochemical approach. The Plaggic Anthrosol revealed low bulk density and high phosphorous and organic carbon contents, whereas the relict Podzol was characterized by high iron and aluminum contents. Frequencies of fine (diameter  ≤  2 mm) and medium roots (2–5 mm) were determined on horizontal levels and the profile wall for a detailed pseudo-three-dimensional insight. On horizontal levels, living roots were most abundant in the uppermost part of the relict Podzol with ca. 4450 and 220 m−2, significantly exceeding topsoil root abundances. Roots of oak trees thus benefited from the favorable growth conditions in the nutrient-rich Plaggic Anthrosol, whereas increased compactness and high aluminum contents of the relict Podzol caused a strong decrease of roots. The approach demonstrated the benefit of comprehensive root investigation to support interpretation of soil profiles, as fine roots can be significantly underestimated when quantified at the profile wall. The possible rooting of soil parent material and paleosols long after their burial confirmed recent studies on the potential influence of rooting to overprint sediment–(paleo)soil sequences of various ages, sedimentary and climatic settings. Potential consequences of deep rooting for terrestrial deep carbon stocks, located to a relevant part in paleosols, remain largely unknown and require further investigation.
Normal Values and Variation of Radiographic and CT Infant Lateral Iliac Wall Angles in Normal and Dysplastic Hips
Authors: Swami Vimarsha G. , Liu Lei , Mabee Myles , Jaremko Jacob L. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose Indices from 3-D ultrasound may have a role in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) assessment, but require a way to determine spatial orientation relative to body axes. The lateral iliac wall angle is a potentially suitable reference axis in 3-D ultrasound. We sought to quantify normal values and variations of the infant iliac wall angle on radiography, and compare with computed tomography (CT). Methods Acetabular and lateral iliac angles were measured on frontal pelvic radiographs of 200 patients (400 hips, 183 with DDH) and coronal CT of 20 patients (40 hips) aged 0-12 months. Relationships among morphologic indices and demographics were assessed using linear regression, Welch's t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) and coefficients of variance (CoV). Reliability was assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC). Results The radiographic iliac angle averaged 53.0° ± 7.7° (mean ± standard deviation; 95% CI, 38°-68°) in DDH vs. 56.2° ± 6.7° (95% CI, 43°-69°) in normal hips (p<0.001), correlated weakly with age (r = 0.25), and showed no inter-sex differences (p = 0.79). Inter-reader and intra-reader reliability were ICC = 0.946 and 0.965. CT iliac angle had mean difference 5.8° ± 6.2° (p<0.01), CoV = 10% and r = 0.68 vs. corresponding radiographs. Conclusions The radiographic infant lateral iliac wall angle has mean value 53-56° in dysplastic and normal hips with consistent range of variation approximately ±15°, was measured with high reliability, does not differ by sex, and is only slightly lower in the youngest infants. The iliac wall angle is an unbiased reference axis that may be suitable to establish general spatial orientation of 3-D hip ultrasound images.
Varus will Have Varus; A Radiological Study to Assess and Predict Varus Stem Placement in Uncemented Femoral Stems
Authors: Murphy Colin G. , Bonnin Michel P. , Desbiolles Antoine H. , Carrillon Yannick , Aїt Si Selmi Tarik 
Published: October 2016

Background Varus inclination of the uncemented stem is not necessarily a technical error. The proximal femoral anatomy of hips with a coxa vara deformity frequently predisposes varus inclination. Methods We reviewed a series of 200 patients undergoing primary uncemented THA with the Corail® hip system. Preoperative data were based on patient demographics, diagnosis, and radiographic information (preoperative templating-CT measurements), and compared postoperative alignment for each stem and type of stem used. Proximal femoral traits which can alert surgeons, when templating preoperatively, to potential varus alignment were noted. Results All stems were inserted either in neutral or varus alignments. Low neck shaft angle is strongly predictive of increased varus stem alignment (p<0.001). Stems inserted with higher varus alignment were associated with the preoperative morphological traits associated with coxa vara hip deformities – increased femoral offset (p<0.001), greater trochanteric overhang (p<0.001), greater trochanteric height (p<0.046), and a lower canal flare index (p<0.046). Conclusions Varus stem alignment is neither unexpected nor necessarily a technical failure when using this particular uncemented stem system. Coxa vara deformities, due to a combination of morphological traits, are more likely to be inserted with higher varus alignment than hips with normal or higher neck shaft angles. Surgeons need to be aware of this when carrying out preoperative templating and intraoperative assessment, in order to prevent over-compensation for offset, length or stability.
Fibonacci-Compliant Finger Design
Authors: El-Sheikh Mogeeb A. 
Published: October 2016

Purpose This work presents the mechanical design of 4 configurations of compliant fingers in order to address the need for commercially feasible prosthetic and robotic hands. Methods The fingers consist of a single part and utilize a compliant mechanism to reduce the cost and control complexity. The geometric parameters of the compliant finger designs follow the Fibonacci series. The first and second compliant fingers have 2 joints and 2 degrees of freedom. The others have 3 joints and 3 degrees of freedom. The type of flexure hinges of the compliant finger are single and multiple nonsymmetrical circular hinges. Results The finite element method (FEM) was used to verify the range of motion of the joints in the compliant finger. In addition, the study defines the finger tip trajectory of these configurations. The multiple flexure hinges have minimum stress. Conclusions This study presents affordable, single-element, compliant finger designs and their presumable hypothetical design variables are defined by the Fibonacci series. This method is faster and simpler than optimization. The study identifies the application of each finger design for either prosthetic or robotic purposes.
Straight configuration saphenous vein transposition to popliteal artery for vascular access
Authors: Caco Gentian , Golemi Dhurata , Likaj Eriola 
Published: October 2016

Introduction The saphenous vein is commonly used as a vascular graft in peripheral artery surgery but rarely used for vascular access. The literature on straight configuration saphenous vein transposition to the popliteal artery is scarce. Here we present two cases of straight configuration saphenous vein transposition to the popliteal artery for vascular access, the surgical technique and respective follow-up. Case report Two young men, aged 29 and 36 years, were chosen for lower-limb vascular access for hemodialysis. The first patient was paraplegic since birth. He used his arms to move so upper extremity vascular access was avoided. The second patient presented with an infected upper extremity arteriovenous graft (AVG) and after multiple closed AVFs he had no more available arm veins. Both patients received autologous lower extremity straight configuration saphenous vein transpositions to the popliteal artery under spinal anesthesia in May and October 2012, respectively. Cannulation of the fistula was allowed after one month. There were no early complications. Slight swelling on the leg appeared in one of the patients. Both fistulas were still functional after 36 and 32 months, respectively. Conclusions The straight configuration saphenous vein transposition to popliteal artery is simple to perform, offers a long and straight segment for cannulation and may be a suitable autologous vascular access in selected patients.
Histologic Subtypes of Ovarian Carcinoma: Selected Diagnostic and Classification Problems in Bulgaria: Is Low Hospital Volume an Issue?
Authors: Ivanova Vesela , Dikov Tihomir , Dimitrova Nadya 
Published: October 2016

Purpose To provide an overview of the morphologic subtypes of ovarian carcinomas in Bulgaria in relation to current healthcare organization using Bulgarian National Cancer Registry data. Further, we investigated hospital volume as a factor influencing the quality of care for patients with ovarian cancer. Methods Bulgarian National Cancer Registry ovarian carcinoma data were retrieved (2009-2011) and distribution of histologic types was analyzed. Cases were divided and compared with respect to main treatment: no surgery, surgery at hospitals dealing with ≥30 ovarian cancer patients/year (high volume), and surgery at hospitals dealing with <30 ovarian cancer patients/year (low volume). We then estimated the odds of being diagnosed with adenocarcinoma and carcinoma not otherwise specified (NOS) vs specified morphologies (serous, endometrioid, clear cell, and mucinous), including age, grade, stage, and hospital volume, in a logistic regression model. Results A total of 2,041 ovarian carcinomas were distributed as follows: serous 47.7%, mucinous 11.9%, endometrioid 5.8%, clear cell 1.8%, and adenocarcinoma and carcinoma NOS 32.5%. More than half of cancer patients (n = 1,100, 53.9%) were surgically treated in low-volume hospitals and they had a larger proportion of cases with adenocarcinoma and carcinoma NOS: 33.3%, in comparison with 24.0% in high-volume hospitals (p<0.0001). The odds of being diagnosed with unspecified morphology, assumed as a proxy of suboptimal quality of care, are higher for patients surgically treated in low-volume hospitals (odds ratio 1.50 [95% confidence interval 1.21-1.87]) compared with high-volume hospitals after adjustment for age, stage, and grade. Conclusions The results of our study may serve policymakers and healthcare professionals when optimizing diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer in Bulgaria.
Clinical Outcomes of Recurrent Gastric Cancer Detected by Upper Endoscopy after Curative Total Gastrectomy
Authors: Na Hee Kyong , Ahn Ji Yong , Lee Jeong Hoon , Kim Do Hoon , Choi Kee Don , Song Ho June , Lee Gin Hyug , Jung Hwoon-Yong , Kim Jin-Ho 
Published: October 2016

Background/aims Endoscopically detected tumor recurrence after curative total gastrectomy is very rare. We reviewed the clinicopathological and endoscopic findings together with the clinical outcomes of these patients. Methods Seventeen patients with recurrent gastric cancer detected by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy who underwent curative total gastrectomy between January 1990 and May 2011 at the Asan Medical Center were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 17 patients, 5 were resectable at the time of diagnosis of recurrence and 12 were unresectable. The median interval between total gastrectomy and diagnosis of recurrence was 20.2 months (interquartile range 12.4-42.1 months). The tumors were located in the anastomotic area in 8 patients, in the proximal part of the afferent or efferent loop in 7, and in the stump of the afferent loop in 2 patients. With regard to the endoscopic findings, a mass was found in 8 cases, an ulcer in 2, stricture in 4, and nodularities in 3. Operations were performed in 3 patients, chemotherapy in 10 (including 2 receiving adjuvant chemotherapy), and conservative management in 6. Fourteen patients died from progression of the disease and the median survival period from recurrence for all 17 patients was 5.3 months (interquartile range 1.2-7.7 months). Conclusions Local recurrence of gastric cancer detected by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy after curative total gastrectomy has a poor prognosis.
Renal Fungus Ball: A Challenging Clinical Problem
Authors: Tan Wei Phin , Turba Ulku C. , Deane Leslie A. 
Published: October 2016

Introduction We describe a case of renal pelvi-ureteric fungus ball managed with placement of two nephrostomy tubes and amphotericin B irrigation through a nephrostomy tube with the other to free drain. Case Report A 46-year-old man with uncontrolled Type 2 diabetes mellitus was referred to the urology clinic for workup of recurrent urinary tract infection. Urine culture grew Candida albicans. The patient was started on oral fluconazole therapy. Cystoscopy and cystogram revealed a grade 3 left vesicoureteral reflux and right retrograde pyelogram revealed a filling defect in the right renal pelvis extending into the proximal ureter with severe hydroureteronephrosis. Two nephrostomy tubes were placed (mid-pole and lower pole) to ensure that the system was not obstructed. Amphotericin B (50 mg/1000 ml normal saline) irrigation was then instilled through the mid-pole nephrostomy tube at a rate of 30 ml/h with the lower pole nephrostomy tube to free drain. An antegrade nephrostogram was performed after 5 days of amphotericin B instillation, showing complete resolution of the fungus ball. The patient is awaiting definitive minimally invasive management of the distal ureteral narrowing. Comments Renal and pelvi-ureteric fungus ball is a challenging clinical entity. It must be addressed promptly and efficiently to be successful. We describe a minimally invasive approach that was tolerated well and resulted in complete clearance of the fungus ball in a relatively short time frame.