bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Authentication Scheme for Session Passwords Using Color and Image
Authors: Saranya P. , Sharavanan S. , Vijai R. , Balajee RM. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Graphical passwords are believed to be more secure than traditional textual passwords, but the authentications are usually complex and boring for users. Furthermore, most of the existing graphical password schemes are vulnerable to spyware and shoulder surfing. A novel graphical password scheme ColorLogin is proposed in this paper. ColorLogin is implemented in an interesting game way to weaken the boring feelings of the authentication. ColorLogin uses background color, a method not previously considered, to decrease login time greatly. Multiple colors are used to confuse the peepers, while not burdening the legitimate users. Meanwhile, the scheme is resistant to shoulder surfing and intersection attack to a certain extent. Experiments illustrate the effectiveness of ColorLogin.
Embedded system design and implementation of standard auto-calibrated measurement chain
Authors: Nadi M. , Margo C. , Kouider M. , Prado J. , Kourtiche D. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper presents the design and the implementation of a standard auto-calibration system, to correct measurement chain and ensure its accuracy. The adopted solution consists in designing a reconfigurable instrumentation based on the use of a programmable analog circuit (FPAA), allowing the automation of various test and adjustment operations. The measurement chain transfer curve is periodically corrected using the progressive polynomial calibration method, ensuring systematic correction of each taken measurement. The hardware/software implementation of the system was carried out in an embedded configuration based on a FPGA platform. The obtained results highlight adaptability of the proposed calibration method at various sensors kinds as well as the implementation simplicity, and shows how the measuring accuracy can be considerably improved.
Adaptive Security Modules in Incrementally Deployed Sensor Networks
Authors: Hsieh Meng-Yen , Huang Yueh-Min 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Distributed wireless sensor networks often suffer problems on detecting malicious nodes, which always bring destructive threats. Thus, sensor networks have to supply authentication services for sensor identity and data communication. As matter of fact, intrusion detection and prevention schemes are always integrated in sensor security appliances so that they can enhance network security by discovering malicious or compromised nodes. This paper provides adaptive security modules to improve secure communication in distributed sensor networks. The primary security module provides online identity authentication services to new incoming sensor nodes which being distributed after initial deployment. The advanced security module addresses compromised node detection issues to exclude internal compromised nodes. The proposed schemes can accomplish secure communications in the sensor networks when the network lifetime is divided into multiple time intervals. The network security and network performance are evaluated with the adaptive security modules, which shows efficient protection and sensible overheads to sensor nodes can be achieved.
Investigation of Advanced Data Processing Technique in Magnetic Anomaly Detection Systems
Authors: Ginzburg B. , Frumkis L. , Kaplan B.Z. , Sheinker A. , Salomonski N. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Advanced methods of data processing in magnetic anomaly detection (MAD) systems are investigated. Raw signals of MAD based on component magnetic sensors are transformed into energy signals in the space of specially constructed orthonormalized functions. This procedure provides a considerable improvement of the SNR thus enabling reliable target detection. Estimation of the target parameters is implemented with the help of Genetic Algorithm. Numerous computer simulations show good algorithm convergence and acceptable accuracy in estimation of both target location and its magnetic moment.
High-Spatial-Resolution Magnetic-Field Measurement by Giant Magnetoresistance Sensor – Applications to Nondestructive Evaluation and Biomedical Engineering
Authors: Yamada Sotoshi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor has been developed and widely applied to use as magnetic read head in data storage industry. This paper describes new applications of magnetic-field measurement with high spatial-resolution and high sensitivity to nondestructive evaluation and biomedical engineering. For nondestructive evaluation, the GMR sensor, used as magnetic sensor based on eddy-current testing technique, was applied to the detection of micro-crack on micro-conductor for the purpose of printed circuit board inspection and the detection of micro-solder-ball grid array. For biomedical engineering, the weight density of magnetic fluid for cancer treatment was measured by the GMR sensor. In addition, the GMR sensor was applied to measure micro-current and these can lead to the direct detection of nervous action.
On Board Exhaust Emission Monitoring of Road Vehicles - A High Tech Solution to Pollution from Traffic?
Authors: Lewis E. , Dooly G. , Hawe E. , Fitzpatrick C. , Chambers P. , Zhao W.Z. , Sun T. , Grattan K.T.V. , Lyons W.B. , Lucas J. , Degner M. , Ewald H. , Lochmann S , Bramann G. , Wei C. , Hitchen D. , Merlone-Borla E. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A significant proportion of the atmospheric pollution that exists particularly in urban areas arises from road vehicles and primarily cars. The European Commission (EC) have introduced a series of regulations, the so called EURO Emission directives from Euro I in 1991 to the present day Euro IV. This legislation and similar ones in other global regions have helped to greatly reduce emission levels from road transport. However, a massive increase in the number of cars on the road have meant that pollution due to a number of gases and particulate species remains to be a problem. This paper describes an approach based on optical fibre sensors which has shown to be an effective means of measuring the gases and particulates in question by using sensing technologies which are both robust and potentially cost effective such that they may be included as part of an on board monitoring system for the car of the future.
New Horizon in Bioimaging and Biomagnetics
Authors: Ueno Shoogo , Sekino Masaki 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper reviews the recently developed techniques in biomagnetics and bioimaging such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cancer therapy based on magnetic stimulation. A technique of localized and vectorial TMS has enabled us to obtain non-invasive functional mapping of the human brain. The development of new bioimaging technologies such as current distribution MRI and conductivity MRI potentially enables us to understand the dynamics of brain functions, which include millisecond-level changes in functional regions and dynamic relations between brain neuronal networks. These techniques are leading medicine and biology into a new horizon through the novel applications of magnetism. A lecture on current limiter intended specifically for engineering students pursuing specialization with Electrical and Electronics engineering is proposed in this paper. The important information which doesn’t appear in text books are presented to the students. A general overview of different techniques of limiting fault current in electric power systems with special emphasis on two types of current limiters based on passive magnetic materials and high temperature superconducting materials have been presented. Simple laboratory experiments are also proposed to validate the theoretical knowledge.
Refractive Index Sensitivity In Thinned Uv And Arc Induced Long-Period Gratings: A Comparative Study
Authors: Iadicicco A. , Campopiano S. , Cutolo A. , Korwin-Pawlowski M.L. , Bock W.J. , Cusano A. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this work, a comparative study aimed to investigate the effects of cladding stripping on the external refractive index sensitivity in tapered and UV long period gratings is presented. Here, wet chemical etching combined with microscopic analysis allow us to identify the experimental dependence of the surrounding refractive index (SRI) sensitivity on the cladding radius for both grating types. The experimental results reveal that although in both cases a sensitivity enhancement is achieved by reducing the cladding thickness, the tapered devices offer substantially a greater sensitivity gain in respect to UV written devices
Evolutional Process Of Pavement Roughness Evaluation Benefiting From Sensor Technology
Authors: Loizos Andreas , Plati Christina 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The present paper deals with a view of the availability of high-speed sensor profilers, which has given dramatically increased possibilities to analyze imperfections in pavement surfaces such as roughness. Technical parameters of such profilers, for sensing and analyzing pavement surface profile are described. In addition, the main investigation concentrates on the evolutional process of pavement roughness evaluation. For this purpose a high-speed laser profiler is used to sense roughness data on the surface of a road section that is analyzed both using the International Roughness Index (IRI) and the Power Spectral Density (PSD) approach. Based on the analysis results, some interesting options are shown considering pavement performance in terms of roughness
Intelligent Structural Elements Covered By Piezoelectric High-Polymer Film
Authors: Matsumoto Eiji , Komagome Yuji 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
If a piezoelectric material is deformed, the local electric field is caused by the electromechanical interaction. When a structural element with surface defects is subjected to the stress, the strain distribution appears also on the opposite surface to the defects. Such localized strain distribution can be measured by the electric potential distribution on a piezoelectric film mounted on the smooth surface. This paper shows that back-surface defects in typical structural elements can be visualized by mounted PVDF thin film
Intelligent Method of Teaching Electromagnetics Theory: Measurements under Virtual Environment
Authors: Mukhopadhyay S. C. , Gupta G. Sen 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper details the development of a computer-assisted laboratory under virtual environment which has been put in place to teach the theoretical and practical aspects of Electromagnetics, without physically using any instruments to do the measurements. The virtual laboratory has allowed us to teach Electromagnetics in a new and effective way, helping our students master this difficult subject. In particular, virtual experiments have been designed which the students perform before attempting to do the corresponding real experiments. These virtual experiments help the students to appreciate the essential features of an experiment without being confused or distracted by the complexity of the real experimental procedures. We believe that learning is favorably augmented by using this innovative way of teaching the laboratory material through a computer-based, flexible and interactive environment of virtual experiments.
Pattern Adaptive and Finger Image-guided Keypad Interface for In-vehicle Information Systems
Authors: Kim Sang-Ho , Sekiyama Kosuke , Fukuda Toshio 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper we propose a pattern adaptive keypad interface for in-vehicle information system. The keypad interface recommends the estimated input sequence to fit the user’s preference based on individual model of operation pattern. Pattern (shape) of button switches corresponding to the estimated input sequence is actively reformed. Button switches are displayed tactilely and visually. Finger image is shown on the monitor in real-time in order to guide input operation on the tactile input device. To confirm the effect of the keypad interface, experiments are performed comparing with a touch screen on which pattern (shape) of buttons switch is unchanged.
CO2 sensing characteristics of Sm1-xBaxCoO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) nanostructured thick film
Authors: Chaudhari G.N. , Padole P.R. , Jagatap S.V. , Pawar M.J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
SmCoO3 gas sensor has been developed with high sensitivity for CO2 gas by doping Ba. Nanostructured SmCoO3 and Sm1-xBaxCoO3 (x = 0, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were obtained by EDTA-Glycol method. The operation temperature falls and sensitivity increases from 425 to 370°C when Ba concentration in SmCoO3 changes from x = 0 to x = 0.1. Ag impregnation over Sm0.9Ba0.1CoO3 sensor, on exposure to CO2 at about 360°C showed an increased sensitivity as well as the response time also decreases. The possible CO2 sensing mechanism is proposed on the basis of available literatures.
High Performance Macroporous Silicon Chemical Sensor With Improved Phase Detection Electronics
Authors: RoyChaudhuri C. , Gangopadhyay S. , Das R. Dev , Datta S.K. , Saha H. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper, a high sensitive, stable and reproducible electrical chemical sensor system based on macroporous silicon has been developed. Screen printed metal contacts have been taken from macroporous silicon layer which result in extremely stable, quasi ohmic and reproducible contacts. Such a sensor structure has been characterized for different organic and ionic solutions commonly used for biochemical applications. The sensitivity of the reported sensor at a particular frequency has been found to be almost ten times compared to previous reports of macroporous silicon sensor where contacts are taken from the backside and also in comparison to interdigited electrode array structure. The improvement and variation of sensitivity with frequency for different solutions has been explained taking into account the dependence of double layer impedance with frequency, distributed RC networks of the macroporous silicon structure, ionic conductivity of the solution and effects of ion sizes. However, from the impedance measurement it has been observed that the sensor capacitance with such stable contacts has an ultra low-Q value and to exploit such sensor for portable field use systems, an embedded signal conditioning unit has been realized to display the measured capacitance value after offset compensation and reduction of parasitic effects.
Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance For Explosive Detection
Authors: Itozaki Hideo , Ota Go 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A Nuclear quadrupole resonance detector has been developed. This detector targets to RDX, a high explosive inside an anti-personnel landmine, buried up to 15 cm deep. This detector works well outside an electromagnetically shielded room. It was also mounted an anti-mine vehicle and remotely controlled mine detection is demonstrated in public
Cooperative Multi Target Tracking Using Multi Sensor Network
Authors: Elmogy Ahmed M. , Karray Fakhreddine O. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
Sensors provide a key feedback link allowing robotic and autonomous systems to react to their environments. Without this feedback, robotic and autonomous systems will operate in an uncontrolled manner, since they don’t have the ability to perceive and respond to their environments. The limited capabilities of static sensors especially in complex applications and environments force the use of multiple sensors operating dynamically. This paper addresses the development of multiple objects tracking system using multiple mobile sensors. For the purposes of surveillance and security, trackers use an Extended Kohonen neural network to track the moving targets in their environments. The proposed tracking algorithm can be used for single and multiple target tracking. A clustering algorithm is used in order to minimize the number of active trackers over time and hence save energy. An auction based algorithm is used for the purpose of optimizing the cooperation between trackers. Quantitative and qualitative comparisons with other recent multi target tracking approaches show that our proposed tracking algorithm can provide a good coverage, and a better energy saving.
Railway Wheelset Parameter Estimation Using Signals From Lateral Velocity Sensor
Authors: Selamat H. , Alimin A. J. , Sam Y. M. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A type of parameter estimation technique based on the linear integral filter (LIF) method, the least-absolute error with variable forgetting factor (LAE+VFF) estimation method, is proposed in this paper to estimate the railway wheelset parameters modelled as a time-varying continuous-time (C-T) system. The inputs to the parameter estimator are the control signal and the railway wheelset system output, which is the wheelset’s lateral velocity. The algorithm includes an instrumental variable (IV) element to reduce estimation bias and a variable forgetting factor for good parameter tracking and smooth steady state. Simulation results have shown that the LAE with fixed forgetting factor gives better parameter estimates compared to the recursive least-squares error (RLSE) method, whereas the LAE+VFF offers even better estimation and tracking of system parameters that are subject to abrupt changes, provided that the fs and lf values are chosen accordingly. It has also been proven that the estimation error of the proposed LAE+VFF estimation algorithm is bounded.
Measuring Dynamics Of Scattering Centers In The Ocular Fundus
Authors: Rovati Luigi , Cattini Stefano , Viola Francesco , Staurenghi Giovanni 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The study is focused on the analysis of the diffusing-wave-spectroscopy signal recorded in-vivo on the ocular fundus of a rabbit eye. The motion of the scattered sites was measured as a function of the pressure exerted by a Goldmann contact lens and during the moderate temperature increase induced by a therapeutic laser diode. Temporal fluctuations of the signal revel motion of molecules and thus changes in tissues temperature and chorioretinal blood velocity. Experimental results show the ability of the system to detect motion of the scattering sites in the ocular fundus layers during variations of the ocular pressure and laser heating
Design and Optimization of Bulk Micromachined Accelerometer for Space Applications
Authors: Paul Thampi , Singh Jaspreet , Nayak M. M. , Rajanna K. , Kumar M. Sasi 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The accelerometers used for Inertial Navigation in satellite launch vehicles demand excellent performance in terms of sensitivity, noise immunity, linearity, bias and scale factor stability over time and environmental changes. Detailed and in-depth design of the microstructure by computer simulation is required to ensure structural integrity and reliability of the microstructure. The microstructure of the accelerometer consists of a proof mass suspended from the mounting frame by beam springs. Extensive Finite Element simulation of the silicon microstructure has been carried out to obtain application specific optimum design parameters. Based on the deflection, frequency and stress analyses the optimum geometry and dimensions of the accelerometer have been determined. Noise analysis has been carried out, the performance of the accelerometer has been predicted and its compliance to the expected performance is ensured.
A Location-Aware Call Forwarding Manager System For A Smart Telephony Network Of The Smart Space
Authors: Huang Heng-Chih , Huang Yueh-Min , Chiu Kuan-Chieh 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
A smart space, such as smart sensor rooms, an office, or simply an area, requires a smart telephony network for an effective voice communication between users. Nowadays, modern Private Branch Exchange (PBX) system does not only provide telephone exchange, but also supports many heterogeneous telephony networks and provides many other useful functions as well. Despite its powerfulness, PBX still cannot achieve a basic requirement for a smart space: It cannot adapt its surroundings automatically, i.e. people still need to make the call forwarding setting manually. In this paper, we propose a system with an algorithm named “2D location-aware” for tracking a person in a smart space. According to the ever-changing environment, the system performs an on-the-fly configuration to provide a dynamic telephony network. In other words, we aim to make all the telephones in the network available to every user in the smart space for receiving his phone calls without any manual call forwarding settings.
Study Of Superhydrophilic Nanoparticle-Based Ultra-Thin Films Towards The Development Of Optical Fiber Humidity Sensors
Authors: Hernaez Miguel , Matias Ignacio R. , Corres Jesus M. , Goicoechea Javier , Bravo Javier , Arregui Francisco J. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
The study of new nanostructured transparent materials in order to control the permeability properties of the objects is a very interesting field of research due to its enormous applications in optical and electronics among others. With the aim of achieving superhydrophilic coatings it is very important to control some coating parameters such as the water affinity of the coating materials and the overall thickness and roughness at the nanometer scale. In this work transparent superhydrophilic ultra-thin coatings have been fabricated with the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique using different diameter SiO2 nanoparticles. These coatings were characterized to optimize their behavior and were applied to optical fiber substrates in order to create superhydrophilic optical interferometric cavities. These cavities show an optical response to Relative Humidity (RH) variations that are suitable for high performance sensing applications such as human-breathing monitoring
LF Indoor Location and Identification System
Authors: Ropponen Antti , Linnavuo Matti , Sepponen Raimo 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
In this paper, a low-frequency RFID location system based on a matrix of quad antennae placed under a floor surface is described. A prototype system was used for parameterisation and feasibility tests. The results show that it is possible to build a location system using floor quad antennae.
Design Of Wireless Communication Sensing Networks For Tunnels, Trains And Buildings
Authors: Palit S. K. , Bickerstaff Stuart , Langmaid Chris 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper deals with the various assumptions used in the design and analysis of distributed antenna system (DAS) for trains, tunnels and in-building wireless radio coverage. The design includes handover overlap design, base station connectivity, signal reticulation using splitters, couplers, bidirectional amplifiers, attenuators, discrete antennas, radiating cables and opto-electric couplers etc. It is found that signal strength, noise, intermodulation calculated for the up and down links are in compliance with the given specifications and satisfy the required system margin. Our system specifications based on TETRA (Terrestrial Trunked Radio) ensures that the received signal is at least 5 dB higher than the TETRA dynamic sensitivity level and yields 95% coverage of all the used areas
Positioning Accuracy And Multi-Target Separation With A Human Tracking System Using Near Field Imaging
Authors: Rimminen H. , Lindström J. , Sepponen R. 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
We analyze the performance of a novel human tracking system, which uses the electric near field to sense human presence. The positioning accuracy with moving targets is measured using raw observations, observation centroids and Kalman filtered centroids. In addition to this, the multi-target discrimination performance is studied with two people and a Rao-Blackwellized Monte Carlo data association algorithm. A reel-based triangulation system is used as the reference positioning system. The mean positioning error for five test subjects walking at different speeds is 21 centimeters. The discrimination performance is 90% when the distance between the two people is over 0.8 meters. With distance over 1.1 meters the discrimination performance is 99%.