bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Multi‐omics characterization of lymphedema‐induced adipose tissue resulting from breast cancer‐related surgery
Authors: Karaman Sinem , Lehti Satu , Zhang Cheng , Taskinen Marja‐Riitta , Käkelä Reijo , Mardinoglu Adil , Brorson Håkan , Alitalo Kari , Kivelä Riikka 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSecondary lymphedema (LE) following breast cancer‐related surgery is a life‐long complication, which currently has no cure. LE induces significant regional adipose tissue deposition, requiring liposuction as a treatment. Here, we aimed to elucidate the transcriptional, metabolomic, and lipidomic signature of the adipose tissue developed due to the surgery‐induced LE in short‐ and long‐term LE patients and compared the transcriptomic landscape of LE adipose tissue to the obesity‐induced adipose tissue. Adipose tissue biopsies were obtained from breast cancer‐operated females with LE from the affected and non‐affected arms (n = 20 patients). To decipher the molecular properties of the LE adipose tissue, we performed RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and lipidomics combined with bioinformatics analyses. Differential gene expression data from a cohort of lean and obese patients without LE was used for comparisons. Integrative analysis of functional genomics revealed that inflammatory response, cell chemotaxis, and angiogenesis were upregulated biological processes in the LE arm, indicating a sustained inflammation in the edematous adipose tissue; whereas, epidermal differentiation, cell–cell junction organization, water homeostasis, and neurogenesis were downregulated in the LE arm. Surprisingly, only a few genes were found to be the same in the LE‐induced and the obesity‐induced adipose tissue expansion, indicating a different type of adipose tissue development in these two conditions. In metabolomics analysis, we found reduced levels of a branched‐chain amino acid valine in the LE arm and downregulation of the mRNA levels of its transporter SLC6A15. Lipidomics analyses did not show any significant differences between the LE and non‐LE arms, suggesting that other factors affect the lipid composition of the adipose tissue more than the LE in these patients. Our results provide a detailed molecular characterization of adipose tissue in secondary LE after breast cancer‐related surgery. We also show distinct differences in transcriptomic signatures between LE‐induced adipose tissue and obesity‐induced adipose tissue, but only minor differences in metabolome and lipidome between the LE and the non‐LE arm.
Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Diagnosing Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Authors: Yang Xuanzhe , Zhang Yuming , Li Yi , Wu Zixiang 
Published: October 2024

Study Design.
The present study followed the reporting guidelines for systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Objective.
Therefore, we conducted this study to review the diagnostic value of AI for various types of LSS and the level of stenosis, offering evidence-based support for the development of smart diagnostic tools.

Summary of Background Data.
Artificial intelligence (AI) is currently being utilized for image processing in clinical practice. Some studies have explored AI techniques for identifying the severity of lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) in recent years. Nevertheless, there remains a shortage of structured data proving its effectiveness.

Methods.
Four databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science) were searched until March 2024, including original studies that utilized deep learning and machine learning models to diagnose LSS. The risk of bias (RoB) of included studies was assessed using QUADAS-2. The accuracy in the validation set was extracted for a meta-analysis. The meta-analysis was completed in R4.4.0.

Results.
A total of 48 articles were included, with an overall accuracy of 0.885 (95% CI: 0.860-0907) for dichotomous tasks. Among them, the accuracy was 0.892 (95% CI: 0.867-0915) for deep learning (DL) and 0.833 (95% CI: 0.760-0895) for machine learning (ML). The overall accuracy for LSS was 0.895 (95% CI: 0.858-0927), with an accuracy of 0.912 (95% CI: 0.873-0.944) for DL and 0.843 (95% CI: 0.766-0.907) for ML. The overall accuracy for central canal stenosis was 0.875 (95% CI: 0.821-0920), with an accuracy of 0.881 (95% CI: 0.829-0.925) for DL and 0.733 (95% CI: 0.541-0.877) for ML. The overall accuracy for neural foramen stenosis was 0.893 (95% CI: 0.851-0.928). In polytomous tasks, the accuracy was 0.936 (95% CI: 0.895-0.967) for no LSS, 0.503 (95% CI: 0.391-0.614) for mild LSS, 0.512 (95% CI: 0.336-0.688) for moderate LSS, and 0.860 for severe LSS (95% CI: 0.733-0.954).

Conclusions.
AI is highly valuable for diagnosing LSS. However, further external validation is necessary to enhance the analysis of different stenosis categories and improve the diagnostic accuracy for mild to moderate stenosis levels.
Quantifying the Accuracy of Clinician Risk Assessment for Postpartum Hemorrhage
Authors: Lewis Ashley N. , Villela-Franyutti Diego , Domenico Henry J. , Byrne Daniel W. , Farber Michaela K. , Ende Holly B. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To measure the accuracy of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) risk assessment performed by unaided individual clinicians, to inform future comparison to alternative risk assessment methods.

Methods
Prospective PPH risk assessments were collected from obstetric care team clinicians at two quaternary medical centers in the United States (Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Brigham and Women’s Hospital) from January 2022 to January 2023, following written informed consent from the providers. The data included a cohort of both vaginal and cesarean deliveries (CD). For each assessment, the clinician quantified the patient’s predicted PPH risk on a scale from 0 to 100% and rated their confidence in these assessments using a 5-point Likert scale, ranging from ‘not at all confident’ to ‘completely confident’. Medical records were reviewed 24 hours postpartum to assess the dichotomous outcome of PPH, defined as blood loss ≥1000 mL. The accuracy of these predictions was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).

Results
Of 271 patients, 32 (11.8%) experienced PPH, accounting for 11.4% (104/915) of assessments. The overall AUC was 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–0.71). Prediction accuracy was higher for CD than for vaginal deliveries, with AUCs of 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72–0.91) and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.48–0.63), respectively. No significant differences in the accuracy of assessments were observed according to physician specialty, physician experience level, or confidence level of the assessment.

Conclusion
Overall unaided clinician performance in predicting PPH was moderate, with an AUC of 0.64. Predictions were more accurate for patients undergoing CD. Further study is needed to understand how clinician performance compares to other modalities of risk prediction.
Hierarchical Classification of Factors Associated With Noninvasive Prenatal Testing Failures and Its Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Xie Jieqiong , Jiang Yu , Zhou Yulin , Jin Dandan , Lu Xingxiu , Ge Yunsheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To conduct a hierarchical classification analysis of the nonreportable results of noninvasive prenatal testing in an attempt to reduce failure rates and provide pregnant women with accurate information to alleviate their anxiety.

Methods
In this study, 30,039 singleton pregnancies who underwent noninvasive prenatal testing in a single center from May 2019 to April 2022 were collected, and 811 samples with initial noninvasive prenatal testing failure were retrospectively analyzed. Grouping was based on the reasons for initial test failure; tracking the noninvasive prenatal testing results and prenatal diagnosis results (if any) of the “z-scores in the gray area” group and analyzing the possible influencing factors of the “low fetal fraction” group in the pre-experimental and experimental period by using one-way analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test, and χ2
test; and tracking the pregnancy outcomes of the test failures samples to analyze the risk of perinatal complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes of the different types of test failures.

Results
None of the samples' initial inconclusive results because of z-scores in the gray area were found to have chromosomal aneuploidy. However, pregnancy complications (P = 0.018) and a high likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes (P = 0.048) may still occur. Maternal gestational age (P < 0.001), body mass index (P < 0.001), library concentration (P < 0.001), and fetal gender (P < 0.001) were considered to be the associated factors for the initial low fetal fraction results. This may be associated with pregnancy complications (P < 0.001) and a high likelihood of adverse pregnancy outcomes (P = 0.034). The body mass index (P = 0.015) and time between draws (P = 0.001) were associated with the second test’s success. The incidence of low fetal fraction samples was more frequent with blood collection tubes of the G type than with the K type (P < 0.001).

Conclusion
Initial inconclusive results because of z-scores in the gray area did not imply an increased risk of aneuploidy, but vigilance is needed for an increased risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Because of the low fetal fraction, the initial absence of results may be related to the assay method, as well as the effect of blood collection tubes and the need to be alert to the risk of pregnancy complications and adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Blended Phenotypes From a SERPINA 11 Pathogenic Variant Over Underlying Immune Fetal Hydrops: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Beck Manisha M. , Luke Noel D. , Anand Reena Sakte , Navaneethan Preethi , Athiyarath Rekha , Danda Sumita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Fetal hydrops can stem from immune or nonimmune causes. Immune causes often involve red cell alloimmunization, whereas nonimmune causes encompass structural malformations, aneuploidy, infections, lymphatic system disorders, genetic syndromes, and more. In a rare and complex case, we encountered a fetal hydrops presentation characterized by blended phenotypes, indicating both a genetic and an underlying immune etiology. The mother, Rhesus negative, presented with a history of adverse obstetric events. At 21 weeks, the current fetus was diagnosed with hydrops. Maternal blood tests unveiled Rhesus alloimmunization, featuring a positive indirect Coombs test at a 1:512 dilution and the presence of anti-D, anti-C, and anti-E antibodies. Fetal blood sampling revealed an O-positive blood group with a hemoglobin level of 10 gm/dL. Despite administering intrauterine transfusion to the fetus, there was no improvement; instead, the fetal hydrops worsened, accompanied by the emergence of nuchal and axillary masses. Exome sequencing of fetal DNA revealed the fetus was homozygous for a pathogenic variant in the SERPINA11 gene and compound heterozygous for a pathogenic variant in the PIEZO1 gene. Furthermore, the combination of pathogenic variants in SERPINA11 and PIEZO1 genes has not been described in cases of fetal hydrops before. This case posed significant challenges in management due to the concurrent presence of both immune and nonimmune hydrops. We describe some of the diagnostic challenges faced in clinical management of this case.
Postpartum Glucose Follow-up Screening Among Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Jiani , Xu Tingting , Cao Qi , Mao Chihui , Zhou Fan , Wang Xiaodong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the impact of pre-gestational and gestational characteristics on postpartum glucose follow-up screening (PGFS) compliance in women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in southwest China.

Methods
This retrospective cohort study was conducted in West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University. Pre-gestational and gestational factors were extracted from hospital records and compared between women who completed PGFS and those who did not. The screening method chosen was the 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), performed 4–12 weeks postpartum. Univariate analysis, logistic regression analysis, and Cochran-Armitage test were used to assess associations between maternal characteristics and PGFS compliance.

Results
A total of 3047 women with GDM were included, with a PGFS completion rate of 47.2%. Of those who completed PGFS, 430 women (29.9%) presented abnormal results: 1.8% with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 24.1% with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 2.2% with both IFG and IGT 2.2%, and 1.8% with suspected diabetes. Independent factors associated with non-compliance to PGFS included higher pre-gestational BMI (odds ratio (OR): 0.952; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.922, 0.984), multipara (OR: 0.721; 95% CI: 0.593, 0.877), use of assisted reproduction technology (ART) (OR: 1.427; 95% CI: 1.080, 1.885), excessive gestational weight gain (OR: 0.956; 95% CI: 0.936, 0.977), elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) prior to delivery (OR: 0.909; 95% CI: 0.835, 0.988), and undergoing cesarean section (OR: 1.232; 95% CI: 1.017, 1.492) were independent influencing factors of failing to PGFS. PGFS completion rates significantly decreased with increasing pre-gestational BMI and earlier gestational age (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
Establishing dedicated postpartum follow-up teams and targeting women with higher pre-gestational BMI, multiparity, ART use, excessive gestational weight gain, elevated pre-delivery FPG, and those undergoing cesarean section are critical to improving postpartum GDM management.
Extrauterine Causes of Severe and Concealed Postpartum Bleeding: Clinical Aspects and Challenges
Authors: Palacios-Jaraquemada JM , Nieto-Calvache AJ , Basanta AN 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective
To describe the challenges in diagnosing concealed postpartum bleeding, a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, and to highlight key factors in identifying and managing this condition.

Methods
We reviewed clinical cases and diagnostic approaches where concealed postpartum bleeding was suspected, focusing on the role of imaging, serologic markers, and angiography. We examined instances of hemodynamic instability, the utility of pelvic space analysis via computed tomography, and the limitations of digital angiography, particularly in identifying bleeding sources in the posterior iliac internal artery division.

Results
Concealed postpartum bleeding often originates from venous damage or, less commonly, arterial injury. Hemodynamic instability was noted to occur periodically, despite negative findings on vaginal examination and ultrasound, leading to diagnostic delays. Digital angiography often yields negative results when the focus is limited to the anterior division of the internal iliac artery. Bleeding typically arises from damage to the vaginal muscular layer or levator ani muscle, both supplied by branches of the internal pudendal artery (posterior iliac division). In some cases, laparotomy also failed to locate the source due to the bleeding being in the subperitoneal spaces.

Conclusion
Concealed postpartum bleeding presents a diagnostic challenge due to intermittent hemodynamic instability and often negative imaging results. A detailed pelvic space analysis and awareness of posterior iliac internal artery involvement are crucial. Advanced expertise, along with serologic markers of hidden bleeding, is essential for timely diagnosis and management.
Association of periodontal disease with the prognosis of chronic kidney disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: He Tao , Li Xue , Liao Chun-Juan , Feng Xing-Yu , Guo Xiang-Yu 
Published: October 2024

Background:
To assess the association between periodontal disease (PD) and the prognosis of chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Methods:
A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library to identify eligible cohort studies until April 2023. Relative risk (RR) with a 95% CI was used to evaluate the strength of the relationship between PD and CKD prognosis using the random-effects model.

Results:
Ten cohort studies involving 10 144 patients with CKD were selected for the meta-analysis. The summary results indicated that PD was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with CKD (RR: 1.32; 95% CI, 1.10-1.59; p = 0.003). Although no association was observed between PD and the risk of cardiac death in patients with CKD (p = 0.180), while sensitivity analysis revealed PD may be associated with the risk of cardiac death (RR: 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05-1.64; p = 0.017). In addition, subgroup analyses revealed that the strength of the association of PD with the risks of all-cause mortality and cardiac death varies when stratified by region, sex, and CKD stage.

Conclusion:
PD might exert a harmful effect on the risk of all-cause mortality, with a potential but unconfirmed association with cardiac death in patients with CKD.
Unique Gut Microbiome and Metabolic Profiles in Chinese Workers Exposed to Dust
Authors: Qian Xiaojun , Liu Ying , Wei Xue , Chen Xiaorong , Rong Guangsheng , Hu Xinxin 
Published: October 2024

Objectives
This study aimed to identify distinct gut microbiome and serum metabolic features in workers exposed to dust compared to healthy controls.

Methods
A case-control study was conducted with dust-exposed workers without silicosis and age-matched healthy controls. Gut microbiome composition was analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing, and serum and fecal metabolomic profiles were assessed by LC-MS.

Results
Dust-exposed workers showed higher levels of Blautia and Trichoderma and lower levels of Anaplasma, Aspergillus, Plasmodiophoromycetes, and Escherichia coli-Shigella. Metabolites such as indole-3-acetate and gentamicin C1a were downregulated, while adenine, 2-phenylacetamide, and 4-pyridoxic acid were upregulated.

Conclusions

Blautia spp. were linked to altered metabolites in dust-exposed workers, suggesting microbiome-metabolite interactions that may affect silicosis progression. However, the small sample size and cross-sectional design limit generalizability, and further longitudinal studies are needed.
Implementation of an Occupational Sun Safety Intervention
Authors: Buller David B. , Buller Mary Klein , Meenan Richard , Cutter Gary R. , Berteletti Julia , Henry Kimberly L. , Kinsey Alishia , Adjei Irene , Chirico Noah 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Two methods for scaling up an evidence-based occupational sun protection program were compared.

Methods
Regional districts (n = 138) in 21 state Departments of Transportation throughout the United States were randomized to receive the Go Sun Smart at Work program via in-person or digital scalability methods in 2019–2022 in 1:2 ratio. Managers completed pretest and posttest surveys and employees completed posttest surveys. Because of the COVID pandemic, only posttest measures were analyzed (n = 255 managers; n = 1387 employees).

Results
After scale-up, more employees reported training (b = 0.381, P = 0.021) and communication (b = 0.112, P = 0.049) at workplaces in in-person rather than digital strategy. There were no differences in managers’ reports of sun protection training, communication, or actions by scalability method (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
Occupational sun protection was implemented during program scale up and employees recalled training/communication more in the in-person than digital strategy.
Mining the CRBN Target Space Redefines Rules for Molecular Glue-induced Neosubstrate Recognition
Authors: Petzold Georg , Gainza Pablo , Annunziato Stefano , Lamberto Ilaria , Trenh Peter , McAllister Laura , Demarco Bradley , Schwander Laura , Bunker Richard D. , Zlotosch Mary , SriRamaratnam Rohitha , Gilberto Samuel , Langousis Gerasimos , Donckele Etienne J. , Quan Chao , Strande Vaik , Donatis Gian Marco De , Alabi Shanique B. , Alers Jessica , Matysik Michelle , Staehly Camille , Dubois Aurélie , Osmont Arnaud , Garskovas Mackenzie , Lyon David , Wiedmer Lars , Oleinikovas Vladimiras , Lieberherr Raphael , Rubin Nooreen T. , Lam Daniel T. , Widlund Nina Ilic , Ritzén Andreas , Caceres Ramon Miguel , Vigil Dominico , Tsai Jennifer , Wallace Owen , Peluso Marisa , Sadok Amine , Paterson Alison M. , Zarayskiy Vladislav , Fasching Bernhard , Bonenfant Debora , Warmuth Markus , Castle John , Townson Sharon A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe CRL4CRBNubiquitin ligase is leveraged by molecular glue degraders, small molecules that reprogram ligase specificity to induce degradation of clinically relevant neosubstrate proteins. Known CRBN neosubstrates share a generalizable β-hairpin G-loop recognition motif, yet systematic exploration of the CRBN target landscape is still pending. Through computational mining of the human proteome using structure-based approaches, we predict over 1,400 CRBN-compatible β-hairpin G-loop proteins across diverse target classes, identify novel mechanisms of neosubstrate recognition through structurally differentiated helical motifs and molecular surface mimicry, and validate 22 representative neosubstrates with clinical implications. This work broadens the CRBN target space, redefines rules for neosubstrate recognition and establishes a platform for the elimination of challenging drug targets by repurposing CRL4CRBNthrough next-generation molecular glue degraders.
Fluorescent-based sex-separation technique in major invasive crop pest,Drosophila suzukii
Authors: Liu Junru , Rayes Danny , Yang Minzhe , Akbari Omar S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsect population biocontrol methods such as the sterile insect technique (SIT), represent promising alternatives to traditional pesticide-based control applications. To use these strategies efficiently requires scalable sex separation techniques which are currently lacking inDrosophila suzukii, a prominent crop pest species. Having previously characterized a fluorescence-based sex-sorting technique in other pests, termed SEPARATOR (SexingElementProduced byAlternativeRNA-splicing ofA TransgenicObservableReporter), here we explore its potential applicability toDrosophila suzukii. Here, we engineer several strains ofDrosophila suzukiiencoding SEPARATOR constructs that allow for efficient sex selection in early larval stages.
A Combined Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling and Geometric Morphometrics Methods Approach to Quantifying Hemodynamic and Anatomical Features of Embryonic Chick Heart Anatomies Reconstructed from Light Sheet Fluorescence Microscopy Imaging
Authors: Giesbrecht Kirsten , Rossi Simone , Liu Sophie , Mukherjee Shourya , Bressan Michael , Griffith Boyce 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAlthough congenital heart defects occur in approximately 1% of newborns in the US annually, their pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Less than a third of congenital heart defects are traced a known genetic or environmental cause. It has been demonstrated that hemodynamic forces such as wall shear stress are critical for heart development. However, measuring these hemodynamic factorsin vivois infeasible due to physical limitations, such as the small size and constant motion of the embryonic heart. An alternative approach is to recapitulate the hemodynamic environment by simulating blood flow and calculating the resulting hemodynamic forces through computational fluid dynamics modeling. We use computational fluid dynamics modeling to quantify hemodynamics in a cohort of cell-accurate embryonic chick heart anatomies reconstructed using light sheet fluorescent microscopy. Additionally, we perform a quantitative analysis on geometric features using geometric morphometric methods. Together, the high-resolution but accessible imaging technique of light sheet fluorescence microscopy to reconstruct the anatomies paired with computational fluid dynamics modeling and geometric morphometrics methods produces a fast and accessible pipeline for quantitative hemodynamic and anatomical analysis in embryonic heart development.