bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Land and resources acquisition, equity investment increase and enterprise overinvestment
Authors: Yang Jinyu , Liu Bin , Yuan Lihua 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper comes to the point from the tax competition of local government in investment promotion and capital introduction. This paper aims to empirically examine the internal mechanism of enterprises obtaining land resources from local government and its resulting equity investment increase and economic consequences of overinvestment.

Design/methodology/approach
The data of China’s A-share listed companies from 2007 to 2014 were used to test the relationship between the increase in enterprise equity investment and the acquisition of land resources and overinvestment. The descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and least squares linear regression were used to solve the above question.

Findings
One of the reasons for the enterprise equity increase is to obtain scarce land resources. The enterprise acquisition for land resources leads to overinvestment. The equity investment increase from obtaining land resources will further stimulate enterprise group to overinvest.

Research limitations/implications
The authors could not get the actual data of land that subsidiaries have obtained directly. In this research, the authors get the data using consolidated statements and subsidiary statements indirectly.

Practical implications
The results make contributions to the influencing factors and economic consequence of the enterprise investment structural deviation.

Social implications
It provides reference to optimize the “interaction” relationship between government and enterprises.

Originality/value
It identified the “dual-channel” conduction mechanism between land resource acquisition and enterprise overinvestment.
The effects of placement on dementia care recipients’ and family caregivers’ quality of life: a literature review
Authors: Moon Heehyul , Dilworth-Anderson Peggye , Gräske Johannes 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to review and synthesize the research literature on the quality of life (QoL) of both caregivers (CGs) and care recipients (CRs) with dementia after admission to long-term care facilities.

Design/methodology/approach
Four databases – AgeLine, Medline, EBSCO, and PyscINFO – were searched and the relevant literature from 2002 onwards was reviewed.

Findings
The review of 12 studies (five studies, including only family CGs; six studies including residents; one study including both family CGs and CRs) reveals a discrepancy regarding the effects of institutionalization on the CRs’ and CGs’ QoL. Among seven studies on CRs’ QoL change, some reviewed studies found a significant decline in CRs’ QoL after placement with others showing that CRs’ QoL was improved or stable. While some reports indicated that some family CGs benefited from placement, others showed that CGs merely maintained their QoL. However, family CGs in the reviewed studies were more likely to report improved QoL than were their CRs after institutionalization.

Research limitations/implications
The authors recommend that future studies should focus on understanding the individual’s adaptation to placement, dyadic changes in QoL (including mediators/moderators). They emphasize the need for a comprehensive longitudinal study with more than one wave and includes diverse groups including racial/ethnic minority CGs and CRs.

Originality/value
This study reviewed and synthesized the research literature on the QoL of both caregiver and the people with dementia they cared for after those they cared for were admitted to long-term care facilities. The conclusions drawn about influences on QoL provide guidance for identifying best practices and research.
Improving the learning and developmental potential of SWOT analysis: introducing the LISA framework
Authors: Pandya Saurabh 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide a framework which can help to improve the learning and developmental potential of the popular SWOT analysis and make it more effective.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper conceptualizes the LISA framework where L, I, S and A correspond to S, W, O and T, respectively, of the traditional SWOT analysis framework. Each linkage is discussed to provide some insights as to how the understanding of the SWOT analysis can be further extended to improve its learning potential and effectiveness.

Findings
The Strengths identified through the SWOT analysis should be “Leveraged”, the Weaknesses should be “Improved upon”, the Opportunities need to be “Seized” and, finally, the Threats can be mitigated if there is “Awareness” about the same. Thus, the LISA framework, i.e. leveraging the strengths, improving upon the weaknesses, seizing the opportunities and being aware about the threats, can help an organization gain more out of its SWOT analysis exercise.

Practical implications
By applying the LISA framework to the SWOT analysis undertaken at various levels, an organization can improve the learning outcomes for its employees as well as top executives. Quite often, SWOT analysis is performed at an individual and the group level, and hence the linkages discussed in the LISA framework here can be useful to individuals as well as groups (teams). They can take their development to the next level.

Originality/value
The LISA framework provides a more refined approach, as well as new linkages, to improve and increase the utility of the standard SWOT analysis framework.
The strategic Chief Information Officer
Authors: Toor Tajinder 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to discuss how Chief Information Officers (CIOs) can be the catalysts of change and play an influential role in pushing strategic transformations in their organizations.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a strategy framework pyramid with the mapped CIO’s responsibilities suggesting CIOs to move up the pyramid by spending more time in strategy analysis and development to gain the strong strategic alignment with the business.

Findings
CIOs need to prioritize the strategic elements of their role and build strong relationships with the front of the business to analyze and develop the organization strategy.

Originality/value
The paper provides valuable information in a very concise and easy-to-understand format, thus saving executives hours of browsing and reading time.
Geopolitics: a new field of expertise for buyers
Authors: Poissonnier Hugues 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to show the interest of using geopolitical analysis for buyers.

Design/methodology/approach
This study is a historical approach.

Findings
Geopolitics is very useful for buyers to develop new skills among their suppliers.

Originality/value
This paper shows that evolutions of the macro environment are more and more impactful for companies. Taking geopolitical considerations into account is a new key of relevance for purchasing decisions.
Supply resource management: Salomon and his network of subcontractors in Romania
Authors: Calvi Richard 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
According to Christopher (2000), in a lot of sectors, the competition is a question of supply chain against supply chain. The winner in term of competitive advantage should be the one, who is able to obtain more than the competitor from the available resources. In strategic literature, Dyer and Singh (1998) are the first who introduced the concept of “relational competency” to explain why some companies gain their competitive advantage not directly from their internal resources but mainly because they are able better to combine external resources.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper is a case study.

Findings
The author describes the different phases and strategic decisions in the building of a real supplier eco-system.

Research limitations/implications
It is a sole case study.

Practical implications
This study is a description of a success story.

Originality/value
This study is a description of an external resource management in action.
Targeted ultrasound of the liver: Impact on scanning time of a new approach in chronic liver disease
Authors: Harris Nicole , Gorelik Alexandra , Gibson Robert N 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionTargeted ultrasound of the liver (TUSL) has been proposed as a new approach in chronic liver disease to meet the increasing demands on ultrasound services in this patient population. This study analyses the impact of TUSL on examination time.MethodsRetrospective cohort analysis of time taken to perform liver ultrasound on consecutive chronic liver disease patients pre‐ (n = 230) and post‐ (n = 147) introduction of TUSL. Within each cohort, patients were subdivided into three categories based on the clinical indication: Group 1. hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance; Group 2. detection of cirrhosis, fibrosis or fatty liver; Group 3. detection of portal hypertension. The primary outcome was difference in examination time in the pre‐ and post‐intervention groups.ResultsIntroduction of TUSL led to 49% reduction in examination time (median (Q1–Q3) 23.7 (16.7–36.2) min in pre‐TUSL period vs 12.1 (6.4–19.5) min in post, P < 0.001) and it was consistent across all three clinical indication groups (gr1: median 23.1 minutes vs 8.1 minutes (P < 0.001), gr2: 23.0 minutes vs 14.3 minutes (P < 0.001), gr3: 32.2 minutes vs 15.3 minutes (P = 0.006)). After the adjustment for clinical indication and sonographer's experience, impact of TUSL on time reduction remained significant with a 66.6% time reduction (95% CI 53.6 to 79.5).ConclusionTargeted ultrasound of the liver improves efficiency of chronic liver disease ultrasound with halving of examination times and consequently has the potential to greatly improve resource utilization.
Are Related Party Transactions Red Flags?
Authors: Kohlbeck Mark , Mayhew Brian W. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis study investigates whether or not related party transactions serve as “red flags” that warn of potential financial misstatement. We hand‐collect related party transactions for S&P 1500 firms in 2001, 2004, and 2007 and find a positive correlation between these transactions and future restatements, suggesting restatements are more likely when a firm engages in related party transactions. The association is concentrated among transactions that appear to reflect “tone at the top” rather than arguably more necessary business transactions. We also find RPT firms pay lower audit fees. However, “tone RPT” firms that subsequently restate pay higher audit fees, providing evidence that auditors recognize the individual restatement risks of these firms. Our results suggest that tone‐based RPTs serve as signals of higher risk of material misstatement.
Is long‐term protection useful for the regeneration of disturbed plant communities in dry areas?
Authors: Tarhouni Mohamed , Ben Hmida Walid , Ouled Belgacem Azaiez , Louhaichi Mounir , Neffati Mohamed 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn dry areas, natural plant communities are mainly affected by climatic stress and human disturbances – overgrazing, ploughing and biomass harvesting – that accelerate their degradation. Management techniques, including creation of national parks (fencing), are needed to conserve natural resources/biodiversity. The long‐term effects of protection on the plant communities should be monitored. This study assessed the results of long‐term protection on the composition and diversity of the natural plant communities of Sidi Toui National Park (southern Tunisia) using the point‐quadrat method and ecological indicators of the ecosystem structure. Comparison of these indicators for the period 1990–2011 inside (fenced) and outside (disturbed) the Park showed that regeneration of natural vegetation increased during the first decade of the fencing period (1990–2001), but declined during the period (2008–2011). After a long period of fencing, plant tufts were bigger and aged, and the ecosystem dynamics decreased. In the absence of animal activities, the hardpan at the soil surface impedes seedling emergence. This suggests that long‐term fencing is not recommended for conserving floral diversity in dryland ecosystems. To ensure and maintain the regeneration of these ecosystems, fencing periods alternating with controlled grazing (by introducing wild herbivores) are recommended.
The Choice of Euthanasia Method Affects Metabolic Serum Biomarkers
Authors: Pierozan Paula , Jernerén Fredrik , Ransome Yusuf , Karlsson Oskar 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe impact of euthanasia methods on endocrine and metabolic parameters in rodent tissues and biological fluids is highly relevant for the accuracy and reliability of the data collected. However, few studies concerning this issue are found in the literature. We compared the effects of three euthanasia methods currently used in animal experimentation (i.e. decapitation, CO2 inhalation and pentobarbital injection) on the serum levels of corticosterone, insulin, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and a range of free fatty acids in rats. The corticosterone and insulin levels were not significantly affected by the euthanasia protocol used. However, euthanasia by an overdose of pentobarbital (120 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection) increased the serum levels of glucose, and decreased cholesterol, stearic and arachidonic acids levels compared with euthanasia by CO2 inhalation and decapitation. CO2 inhalation appears to increase the serum levels of triglycerides, while euthanasia by decapitation induced no individual discrepant biomarker level. We conclude that choice of the euthanasia methods is critical for the reliability of serum biomarkers and indicate the importance of selecting adequate euthanasia methods for metabolic analysis in rodents. Decapitation without anaesthesia may be the most adequate method of euthanasia when taking both animal welfare and data quality in consideration.
Triple‐reassortant influenza A virus with H3 of human seasonal origin, NA of swine origin, and internal A(H1N1) pandemic 2009 genes is established in Danish pigs
Authors: Krog Jesper Schak , Hjulsager Charlotte Kristiane , Larsen Michael Albin , Larsen Lars Erik 
Published: February 2017

This report describes a triple‐reassortant influenza A virus with a HA that resembles H3 of human seasonal influenza from 2004 to 2005, N2 from influenza A virus already established in swine, and the internal gene cassette from A(H1N1)pdm09 has spread in Danish pig herds. The virus has been detected in several Danish pig herds during the last 2‐3 years and may possess a challenge for human as well as animal health.
Near white light emission of Ce3+‐, Ho3+‐, and Sm3+‐doped oxyfluoride silicate glasses
Authors: Zhou Yao , Zhu Chaofeng , Yang Xuena 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe Ce3+‐, Ho3+‐, and Sm3+‐ single and co‐doped oxyfluoride silicate glasses for light emitting diodes are studied. These glasses were prepared by melt quenching method and their optical and structural properties were investigated by absorption spectra, photoluminescence spectra, Commission International de I'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates, X‐ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectra. It is found that the introduction of Al2O3 in glass composition can improve the emissions of Ho3+ and Sm3+. While the presence of B2O3 has the adverse effect and can suppress the emissions of Ho3+ and Sm3+. With substituting Na2O for CaO in the glass compositions, CaF2 crystals can be formed during the melt quenching process. We find the formation of CaF2 crystals can change the emission behavior of Ho3+ and Sm3+ ions. White light emissions can be achieved in the glasses and the luminescence colors can be tuned by varying the concentrations of the doped rare‐earth ions and the composition of glass matrix. The Ce3+‐, Ho3+‐, and Sm3+‐doped oxyfluoride silicate glasses presented here demonstrate promising applications in the fields of light emitting diodes.
Activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signalling is required for TGF‐β/Smad2/3 signalling during myofibroblast proliferation
Authors: Xu Liang , Cui Wen‐Hui , Zhou Wen‐Cheng , Li De‐Lin , Li Liu‐Cheng , Zhao Ping , Mo Xiao‐Ting , Zhang Zhihui , Gao Jian 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFibrosis in animal models and human diseases is associated with aberrant activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Despite extensive research efforts, effective therapies are still not available. Myofibroblasts are major effectors, responsible for extracellular matrix deposition. Inhibiting the proliferation of the myofibroblast is crucial for treatment of fibrosis. Proliferation of myofibroblasts can have many triggering effects that result in fibrosis. In recent years, the Wnt pathway has been studied as an underlying factor as a primary contributor to fibrotic diseases. These efforts notwithstanding, the specific mechanisms by which Wnt‐mediated promotes fibrosis reaction remain obscure. The central role of the transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) and myofibroblast activity in the pathogenesis of fibrosis has become generally accepted. The details of interaction between these two processes are not obvious. The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the level of sustained expression of fibrosis iconic proteins (vimentin, α‐SMA and collagen I) and the TGF‐β signalling pathway that include smad2/3 and its phosphorylated form p‐smad2/3. Detailed analysis of the possible molecular mechanisms mediated by β‐catenin revealed epithelial–mesenchymal transition and additionally demonstrated transitions of fibroblasts to myofibroblast cell forms, along with increased activity of β‐catenin in regulation of the signalling network, which acts to counteract autocrine TGF‐β/smad2/3 signalling. A major outcome of this study is improved insight into the mechanisms by which epithelial and mesenchymal cells activated by TGFβ1‐smad2/3 signalling through Wnt/β‐catenin contribute to lung fibrosis.
Trade‐off relationship between productivity and thallus toughness in Laminariales (Phaeophyceae)
Authors: Sakanishi Yoshihiko , Kasai Hiromi , Tanaka Jiro 
Published: February 2017

SUMMARYTrade‐off relationships are considered key to understanding the mechanisms supporting the coexistence of multiple species within kelp beds. Thus, information on trade‐offs is expected to contribute to conservation of kelp bed diversity. To test the existence of a trade‐off between productivity and thallus toughness, thallus traits and relationships between the traits were examined for seven species of Laminariales including 24 populations. For each population, photosynthetic capacity per unit biomass (as A
mass) and nitrogen (i.e., photosynthetic nitrogen‐use efficiency, PNUE), nitrogen content (as N
mass), thallus mass per unit thallus area (as TMA) and force required to penetrate the thallus (as F
p, a common index of leaf toughness in land plants by punch test) were determined. A
mass increased with increasing N
mass. Blades with high N
mass showed high A
mass. These blades may invest a large proportion of nitrogen to the photosynthetic parts, and consequently exhibit high metabolic rates. Moreover, blades with high N
mass tended to be associated with low TMA, and N
mass decreased with increasing TMA. A significant negative correlation was observed between TMA and A
mass because of the linkage of high A
mass with high N
mass and high N
mass associated with low TMA, while a significant positive correlation was observed between TMA and F
p. The two correlations indicate the existence of a trade‐off between productivity and thallus toughness in Laminariales. PNUE showed a significant negative correlation with TMA, which also showed a significant positive correlation with F
p as the index of thallus toughness, and therefore a trade‐off relationship between productivity and thallus toughness.
Characterization of a 0.35T MR system for phantom image quality stability and in vivo assessment of motion quantification
Authors: Saenz Daniel L. , Yan Yue , Christensen Neil , Henzler Margaret A. , Forrest Lisa J. , Bayouth John E. , Paliwal Bhudatt R. 
Published: February 2017

ViewRay is a novel MR‐guided radiotherapy system capable of imaging in near real‐time at four frames per second during treatment using 0.35T field strength. It allows for improved gating techniques and adaptive radiotherapy. Three cobalt‐60 sources ( Curies) permit multiple‐beam, intensity‐modulated radiation therapy. The primary aim of this study is to assess the imaging stability, accuracy, and automatic segmentation algorithm capability to track motion in simulated and in vivo targets. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of the system were assessed using the American College of Radiology (ACR)‐recommended phantom and accreditation protocol. Images of the ACR phantom were acquired using a head coil following the ACR scanning instructions. ACR recommended T1‐ and T2‐weighted sequences were evaluated. Nine measurements were performed over a period of seven months, on just over a monthly basis, to establish consistency. A silicon dielectric gel target was attached to the motor via a rod. 40 mm total amplitude was used with cycles of 3 to 9 s in length in a sinusoidal trajectory. Trajectories of six moving clinical targets in four canine patients were quantified and tracked. ACR phantom images were analyzed, and the results were compared with the ACR acceptance levels. Measured slice thickness accuracies were within the acceptance limits. In the 0.35 T system, the image intensity uniformity was also within the ACR acceptance limit. Over the range of cycle lengths, representing a wide range of breathing rates in patients imaged at four frames/s, excellent agreement was observed between the expected and measured target trajectories. In vivo canine targets, including the gross target volume (GTV), as well as other abdominal soft tissue structures, were visualized with inherent MR contrast, allowing for preliminary results of target tracking.PACS number: 87.61.Tg
Patient dose measurement in common medical X‐ray examinations in Iran
Authors: Rasuli Behrouz , Mahmoud‐Pashazadeh Ali , Ghorbani Mohammad , Juybari Raheleh Tabari , Naserpour Mozafar 
Published: February 2017

The main purpose of this study was to investigate patient dose in the chest (PA/AP/LAT) and skull (PA/AP/LAT) X‐ray examinations, as frequent procedures. The study was performed in eight public hospitals of Khuzestan province, Iran. Patient dosimetry was conducted on 567 standard patient X‐ray examinations (males: 61.2%, female: 38.2%). Dosimetry protocol in this study was indirect method, according to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Technical Reports series No. 457. Patients weighing were considered as standard. In the indirect dosimetry approach, exposure parameters such as kVp, mAs, focal film distance (FFD), and tube outputs recorded during data acquisition were used for calculating incident air kerma on the patient's skin, entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) that is recommended by the IAEA as the most appropriate patient dosimetry quantity in simple radiographic examinations. This survey reveals significant variations in the radiological practice. Results showed that the parameters set by radiologic technologists change in a wide range: mAs varied from 2 to 80 for skull PA, 2 to 202 for chest LAT, and FFD varied from 50 to 180 for skull LAT projection. The study showed that patient doses in three chest projections exceed the IAEA and European Commission dose reference levels (EC DRLs) — 1.0, 1.12, and 2.20 mGy for chest PA, chest AP, and chest LAT, respectively. Results also showed that mean ESAKs of patients in skull projections were generally lower than the IAEA and EC DRLs, 1.5, 1.72, and 2.25 for skull LAT, skull AP, and skull PA, respectively. This study provides evidence that dose reduction in the simple X‐ray examinations is feasible by updating clinical audits and implementation of systematic quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) programs. The authors recommend that DRLs obtained in this study can be used as local DRLs in Khuzestan area and dose surveys must be performed in all provinces to establish national dose reference levels (NDRLs) in Iran.PACS numbers: 87.53.Bn, 87.57.uq, 87.59.B