bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A single dominant GLOBOSA allele accounts for repeated origins of hose-in-hose flowers in Sinningia (Gesneriaceae)
Authors: Yang Xia , Liu Qi , Wang Miao-Miao , Wang Xiao-Ya , Han Meng-Qi , Liu Fang-Pu , Lü Tian-Feng , Liu Jing , Wang Yin-Zheng 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plants bearing double flowers have long been cultivated as ornamental plants. Hose-in-hose flowers, bearing two-whorled corolla tubes in whorls 1 and 2, are uncommon but recur in Sinningia (Gesnerioideae, Gesneriaceae). In this study, we selected 15 hose-in-hose cultivars as materials to explore the underlying molecular and genetic mechanisms of this floral architecture. We found that they originated from different hybridization events within the Dircaea clade. Three B-class MADS-box genes were globally expressed in all floral whorls, but only GLOBOSA1 (GLO1) has accumulated a dominant mutation, i.e. the insertion of a hAT-like miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE) into its promoter, that co-segregated with the hose-in-hose phenotype. In addition, all 15 hose-in-hose cultivars contained the same dominant GLO1 allele. Transient gene expression assays confirmed the role of this MITE insertion in upregulating the promoter activity of GLO1 by providing several cis-regulatory elements. Genetic transformation in heterologous Chirita pumila (Didymocarpoideae, Gesneriaceae) verified that this dominant GLO1 allele is sufficient to confer the hose-in-hose phenotype. We further demonstrated that both the GLO1 allele and the hAT-like MITE descended from wild S. cardinalis with single flowers. This study highlights the significance of wide hybridization in frequent gains of the dominant GLO1 allele and thereafter repeated occurrence of hose-in-hose flowers in Sinningia.
A modeling of complex trait phenotypic variance determinants
Authors: Hussain Shobbir 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Studies have now shown that the heritability of some complex traits, such as human height, can be virtually fully captured via potential use of sufficiently powered approaches that can characterize the associated collective common- and rare-variant additive genetic architecture. However, for other traits, including complex disease traits, full recovery of such narrow sense heritability would still likely fall far short of respective heritability estimates yielded from pedigree-based analyses such as twin studies. Here, it is proposed that such traits could also involve additional types of relevant architecture and underlying genetic mechanism, such that interaction of somatic variants with heritable variants may represent an underappreciated component. The theoretical model suggested predicts that some relevant heritability estimates are systematically inflated by twin studies, and that instead a significant proportion of the phenotypic variances may be explained by specialized types of heritable genotype-by-environment interaction.
From age-specific to size-specific dose protocol for paediatric head computed tomography: a simple practical strategy for necessity assessment and parameter setting
Authors: Hu Liwei , Ouyang Rongzhen , Li Jing , Zhang Guozhi , Li Jiong , Guo Chen , Wang Qian , Zhong Yumin 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study proposes a practical approach to assessing the need for and determining the transitioning parameters from age-specific to size-specific dose protocols in paediatric head computed tomography examinations. It was designed to begin with the two different age-specific protocols currently applied on paediatric patients of 1 y ≤ age ≤ 6 y (21.34 mGy) and those of age &gt;6 y (34.73 mGy). One characteristic size (HDthreshold) was found by measuring anteroposterior head diameter on historical topograms and used with age to set 135 cases into four groups for investigation (A, ≤6y, ≤HDthreshold; B, ≤6y, &gt;HDthreshold; C, &gt;6y, ≤HDthreshold; and D, &gt;6 y, &gt;HDthreshold). The image quality was compared in both subjective and objective manners. Results suggest patients in Group C may have received a potential overdose (38%), while the exposure setting for Group D may replace that for B. The proposed strategy was sufficient to assess the necessity and determine the transitioning parameters from age- to size-specific dose protocols.
Brain encoding during perceived control as a prospective predictor of improvement in quality of life
Authors: Dan Rotem , Brown Aliza R , Hutson Lauren , Belleau Emily L , Esfand Shiba M , Ruberto Valerie , Johns Emily , Null Kaylee E , Du Fei , Pizzagalli Diego A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Perceived control is strongly related to mental health and well-being. Specifically, lack of perceived control has been associated with learned helplessness and stress-related disorders, such as depression and anxiety. However, it is unknown whether brain activation to control and its protective effect against stress can predict changes in quality of life. To address this gap, we examined the neural underpinning of controllability in healthy females (N = 40) performing the Value of Control task in an functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner. Quality of life and perceived stress were assessed at baseline and 6-month follow-up. Increased brain activation for control was found within the putamen, insula, thalamus, mid-cingulate, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, motor cortex, and cerebellum. In contrast, increased brain activation for lack of control was found within the posterior cingulate and prefrontal cortices. In an exploratory analysis, an elastic-net algorithm was used to identify brain predictors of quality of life 6 months later. The right putamen’s activation to control was selected as the best prospective predictor of improvement in life enjoyment and satisfaction and this association was mediated by changes in perceived stress. Our findings suggest that neural responsiveness to control may have utility as a potential marker of quality of life and resilience to adversity.
Bistable Perception Discriminates Between Depressive Patients, Controls, Schizophrenia Patients, and Their Siblings
Authors: Arani Elahe , Garobbio Simona , Roinishvili Maya , Chkonia Eka , Herzog Michael H , van Wezel Richard J A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background and Hypothesis
Individuals with schizophrenia have less priors than controls, meaning they rely less upon their prior experiences to interpret the current stimuli. These differences in priors are expected to show as higher alternation rates in bistable perception tasks like the Structure-from-Motion (SfM) paradigm. In this paradigm, continuously moving dots in two dimensions are perceived subjectively as traveling along a three-dimensional sphere, which results in a direction of motion (left or right) that shifts approximately every few seconds.

Study Design
Here, we tested healthy controls, patients with schizophrenia, siblings of patients with schizophrenia, and patients with depression with both the intermittent and continuous variants of the SfM paradigm.

Study Results
In the intermittent variant of the SfM paradigm, depressive patients exhibited the lowest alternation rate, followed by unaffected controls. In contrast, patients with schizophrenia and their unaffected siblings displayed significantly higher alternation rates. In the continuous variant of the SfM paradigm, patients with schizophrenia showed the lowest mean percept durations, while there were no differences between the other three groups.

Conclusions
The intermittent SfM paradigm is a candidate endophenotype for schizophrenia. The aberrant processing in the patients may stem from alterations in adaptation and/or cross-inhibition mechanisms leading to changes in priors, as suggested by current models in the field. The intermittent SfM paradigm is, hence, a trait marker that offers the great opportunity to investigate perceptual abnormalities across the psychiatry spectrum, ranging from depression to psychosis.
Monitoring weekly δ13C variations along the cambium–xylem continuum in the Canadian eastern boreal forest
Authors: Namvar Sepideh , Boucher Étienne , Deslauriers Annie , Morin Hubert , Savard Martine M 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Intra-annual variations of carbon stable isotope ratios (δ13C) in different tree compartments could represent valuable indicators of plant carbon source–sink dynamics, at weekly time scale. Despite this significance, the absence of a methodological framework for tracking δ13C values in tree rings persists due to the complexity of tree ring development. To fill this knowledge gap, we developed a method to monitor weekly variability of δ13C in the cambium–xylem continuum of black spruce species [Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP.] during the growing season. We collected and isolated the weekly incremental growth of the cambial region and the developing tree ring from five mature spruce trees over three consecutive growing seasons (2019–21) in Simoncouche and two growing seasons (2020–21) in Bernatchez, both located in the boreal forest of Quebec, Canada. Our method allowed for the creation of intra-annual δ13C series for both the growing cambium (δ13Ccam) and developing xylem cellulose (δ13Cxc) in these two sites. Strong positive correlations were observed between δ13Ccam and δ13Cxc series in almost all study years. These findings suggest that a constant supply of fresh assimilates to the cambium–xylem continuum may be the dominant process feeding secondary growth in the two study sites. On the other hand, rates of carbon isotopic fractionation appeared to be poorly affected by climate variability, at an inter-weekly time scale. Hence, increasing δ13Ccam and δ13Cxc trends highlighted here possibly indicate shifts in carbon allocation strategies, likely fostering frost resistance and reducing water uptake in the late growth season. Additionally, these trends may be related to the black spruce trees' responses to the seasonal decrease in photosynthetically active radiation. Our findings provide new insights into the seasonal carbon dynamics and growth constraints of black spruce in boreal forest ecosystems, offering a novel methodological approach for studying carbon allocation at fine temporal scales.
Distribution and characterization of endophytic and rhizosphere bacteriome of below-ground tissues in Chinese fir plantation
Authors: Wang Kai , Wang Qingao , Hong Liang , Liu Yuxin , Yang Jiyun , Asiegbu Fred O , Wu Pengfei , Huang Lin , Ma Xiangqing 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Plantations of Chinese fir, a popular woody tree species, face sustainable issues, such as nutrient deficiency and increasing disease threat. Rhizosphere and endophytic bacteria play important roles in plants’ nutrient absorption and stress alleviation. Our understanding of the microbiome structure and functions is proceeding rapidly in model plants and some crop species. Yet, the spatial distribution and functional patterns of the bacteriome for the woody trees remain largely unexplored. In this study, we collected rhizosphere soil, non-rhizosphere soil, fine root, thick root and primary root samples of Chinese fir and investigated the structure and distribution of bacteriome, as well as the beneficial effects of endophytic bacterial isolates. We discovered that Burkholderia and Paraburkholderia genera were overwhelmingly enriched in rhizosphere soil, and the abundance of Pseudomonas genus was significantly enhanced in fine root. By isolating and testing the nutrient absorption and pathogen antagonism functions of representative endophytic bacteria species in Pseudomonas and Burkholderia, we noticed that phosphorus-solubilizing functional isolates were enriched in fine root, while pathogen antagonism isolates were enriched in thick root. As a conclusion, our study revealed that the endophytic and rhizosphere environments of Chinese fir hold distinct structure and abundance of bacteriomes, with potential specific functional enrichment of some bacterial clades. These findings assist us to further study the potential regulation mechanism of endophytic functional bacteria by the host tree, which will contribute to beneficial microbe application in forestry plantations and sustainable development.
Implementing Cognitive Rehearsal Training With Nursing Students to Counter Incivility in the Clinical Setting as Students and New Nurses: A Sequential Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Wands LisaMarie , McDermott Carrie , Bernard Noreen , Wolf Rachel , Kimble Laura P. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Incivility is prevalent in the clinical workplace and can lead to reduced self-confidence, adverse health effects, and negative implications for patient care. Cognitive rehearsal training (CRT) serves as a mental plan that individuals can use to counter incivility. This mixed-methods study examined select outcomes related to experiencing incivility for nursing students before and after receiving CRT and early into their professional practice. Many participants described experiencing incivility. Most found CRT useful and implemented the general approach of pausing and thinking before responding. Incorporating CRT into prelicensure education has potential for decreasing the effects of incivility and protecting professional well-being.
Budget impact analysis of TPMT and NUDT15 pharmacogenomic testing for 6-mercaptopurine in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients
Authors: Fuerte Beverly , Burgos Mia , Cao Vyvy , Maggo Simran , Bhojwani Deepa , Rushing Teresa , Nguyen Jenny Q. , Gong Cynthia L. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Pharmacogenomic testing identifies gene polymorphisms impacting drug metabolism, aiding in optimizing treatment efficacy and minimizing toxicity, thus potentially reducing healthcare utilization. 6-Mercaptopurine metabolism is affected by thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and nudix hydrolase 15 (NUDT15) polymorphisms. We sought to estimate the budget impact of preemptive pharmacogenomic testing for these genes in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) patients from an institutional perspective.

Methods
A Markov model was constructed to model the first cycle of the maintenance phase of chemotherapy for pediatric ALL patients transitioning between one of three health states: stable, moderately myelosuppressed, and severely myelosuppressed over 16 weeks, with each health state’s associated costs derived from the literature. The patient’s likelihood to experience moderate or severe myelosuppression based on metabolism phenotype was calculated from the literature and applied on a weekly basis, and the marginal budget impact of preemptive pharmacogenomic testing vs. no pharmacogenomic testing was calculated. One-way sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess parameter influence on results.

Results
Preemptive pharmacogenomic testing of TPMT and NUDT15 provided savings of up to $26 028 per patient during the maintenance phase. In the sensitivity analysis, the cost of outpatient management of moderate myelosuppression had the greatest impact on the budget, resulting in cost savings ranging from $8592 to $30 129 when the minimum and maximum costs of management were used in the model.

Conclusion
Preemptive pharmacogenomic testing for TPMT and NUDT15 polymorphisms before initiation of maintenance therapy for pediatric ALL patients yielded considerable cost savings.
Efficacy of ursodeoxycholic acid for bile reflux after distal gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer: a secondary analysis of the PEGASUS-D randomized clinical trial
Authors: Jang Dong Kee , Park Young Suk , Yoo Moon-Won , Hwang Sun-Hwi , Ryu Seong-Yeob , Kwon Oh Kyoung , Hur Hoon , Yoon Hong Man , Eom Bang Wool , Ahn Hye Seong , Son Taeil , Song Kyo Young , Lee Han Hong , Choi Min-Gew , An Ji Yeong , Lee Sang-Il , Lee Sang Hyub , Park Do Joong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Few studies have been conducted on the prevention of bile reflux in gastric cancer patients who have undergone gastrectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) in preventing bile reflux after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.

Methods:
This study was a secondary analysis of the PEGASUS-D trial, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Adults with a diagnosis of gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy were enrolled. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive 300 mg of UDCA, 600 mg of UDCA, or placebo at a ratio of 1:1:1. UDCA and placebo were administered daily for 52 weeks. The primary outcomes included bile reflux symptoms at each time point, the percentage of participants with bile reflux, and the grade of gastritis.

Results:
Among 521 participants who underwent randomization, 151, 164, and 150 participants were analyzed from the 300 mg UDCA, 600 mg UDCA, and placebo groups, respectively. The difference in symptoms between the three groups was not significant. Bile reflux was less evident in the UDCA group than in the placebo group; however, this difference was significant only in the 300 mg group at 12 months postoperation (odds ratio, 0.44; P=0.0076). A significant reduction in gastritis was also observed in the 300 mg group at 12 months postoperation (odds ratio, 0.50; P=0.0368) compared to the placebo group.

Conclusions:
This study showed that UDCA administration significantly reduced bile reflux and gastritis by ~50% at the 12 months-postoperative follow-up in patients who underwent gastrectomy for gastric cancer.
Applying an Evaluation Framework of Hospital CHA/CHIP Quality and Heterogeneity to Accredited Local Health Departments in Kentucky, 2015-2022
Authors: Firchow Bradley A. , Boroughs Katie E. 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the quality of community health assessments (CHA) and community health improvement plans conducted by Public Health Accreditation Board (PHAB)-accredited local health departments (LHDs) in Kentucky.

Design:
Quality assessment of CHAs and community health improvement plan documents using criteria adapted from Pennel et al (2015).

Setting:
PHAB-accredited LHDs in Kentucky.

Participants:
Seventeen CHAs and community health improvement plan documents from PHAB-accredited LHD.

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Quality scores based on 17 evaluation criteria, including stakeholder involvement, data examination, plan feasibility, and LHD-hospital collaboration.

Results:
The study found significant variation in the quality of CHAs and community health improvement plan documents. The highest scores were for partner involvement, data examination, and plan feasibility. The lowest scores were for LHD-hospital collaboration, use of evidence-based strategies, and plan evaluation. No community variables significantly predicted overall report scores.

Conclusions:
The quality of CHAs and community health improvement plan documents varies among Kentucky LHDs, highlighting the need for more robust guidance and standardized criteria. Strengthening hospital-LHD collaboration and focusing on evidence-based strategies can improve public health outcomes.

Implications for Policy and Practice:
Enhancing CHAs and community health improvement plan processes through legislative changes, better guidance, and improved collaboration between hospitals and LHD can lead to more effective public health interventions and outcomes.
Younger Age Is Associated With Pelvic Floor Muscle Dysfunction in Women With Urinary Symptoms
Authors: DaSilva Katia A. , Lee Do H. , Sterling Emma K. , Hong Alison H. , Rahman Sara , Carter-Brooks Charelle M. 
Published: October 2024

Importance
Recent articles have highlighted the existence of pelvic floor myofascial dysfunction in women presenting with pelvic floor disorders.

Objective
The aim of the study was to evaluate whether younger age is associated with pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in women with lower urinary tract symptoms, including urinary urgency, frequency, nocturia, and urinary incontinence.

Study Design
This retrospective cohort study included women seeking an initial outpatient urogynecology evaluation for urinary symptoms from 8/2018 to 2/2022. The primary outcome was the presence of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction, defined as a diagnosis of levator myalgia/spasm. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the association.

Results
Four hundred twenty-one women with lower urinary tract symptoms were included, and 115 (27.3%) were diagnosed with pelvic floor muscle dysfunction. Women with pelvic floor dysfunction were 13 years younger, less likely to report any incontinence (60% vs 71.9%, P = 0.026) and urgency incontinence (8.7% vs 17.3%, P = 0.04). There was no difference in reported urgency, frequency, or nocturia. Women with pelvic floor dysfunction were more likely to report dysuria (19.1% vs 9.5%, P = 0.012), dyspareunia (39% vs 7.5%, P < 0.001), vulvodynia (11.3% vs 2.3%, P < 0.001), and pelvic pain (25.2% vs 7.2%, P < 0.001). The odds of pelvic floor muscle dysfunction in women <40 years old was 2.34 times greater than women ≥40 years old, after adjusting for other factors (adjusted odds ratio 2.341, 95% confidence interval [1.102, 4.972]).

Conclusions
Younger women with lower urinary tract symptoms were significantly more likely to have pelvic floor muscle dysfunction compared to older women with similar symptoms, even after controlling for other associated characteristics.
Telocytes link epithelial nutrient sensing with amplification of the ILC2-tuft cell circuit
Authors: Liao Chang , Ji Ming , Wang Zhi-En , Drucker Daniel J. , Liang Hong-Erh , Locksley Richard M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGroup 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2s) are prevalent in small intestine but engagement of type 2 immunity during basal processes are incompletely described. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a cytokine implicated in ILC2 activation, was constitutively expressed in villus telocytes and crypt-associated trophocytes, specialized fibroblasts that sustain epithelial identity. Feeding increased TSLP and induced ILC2 type 2 cytokines that were attenuated by deletion of TSLP in PDGFRα+stromal cells or TSLP receptor on ILC2s. Mouse and human telocytes expressed receptors for glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), which is released by enteroendocrine cells (EECs) after eating. GLP-2 induced intestinal TSLP, TSLP-dependent ILC2 cytokine production, and tuft cell hyperplasia. The telocyte-alarmin relay couples EEC nutrient detection with amplification of a tuft cell chemosensory circuit that diversifies surveillance of ingested cargo.One-Sentence SummaryIntestinal telocyte TSLP relays signals from enteroendocrine cells to ILC2s to amplify the tuft cell circuit in response to feeding.