bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The bereavement experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people who have lost a partner: A systematic review, thematic synthesis and modelling of the literature
Authors: Bristowe Katherine , Marshall Steve , Harding Richard 
Published: March 2016

Background: Socially excluded populations have poorer access to care; however, little attention has been paid to lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people. Lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people are at increased risk of certain life-limiting illnesses and may not receive the care and support they need at the end of life and into bereavement. Aim: To identify and appraise the evidence of the bereavement experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people who have lost a partner and develop an explanatory model of lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* partner bereavement. Design: Systematic review (in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines) and thematic synthesis with assessment of reporting and rigour. Quantitative or qualitative articles reporting bereavement experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* partners were included, excluding articles reporting multiple losses in the context of HIV or AIDS. Data sources: PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library. Inclusion dates: database inception – 30 April 2015. Results: A total of 23 articles reporting on 13 studies were identified. Studies described universal experiences of the pain of losing a partner; however, additional barriers and stressors were reported for lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people, including homophobia, failure to acknowledge the relationship, additional legal and financial issues and the ‘shadow’ of HIV or AIDS. A novel model was developed to explain how the experience for lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people is shaped by whether the relationship was disclosed and acknowledged in life and into bereavement and how this impacts upon needs and access to care. Conclusion: There is a need for healthcare providers to avoid hetero-normative assumptions; be mindful of additional stressors in bereavement for lesbian, gay, bisexual and/or trans* people; and consider additional sources of support to deliver individualised holistic care.
Vitamin D deficiency and related risk factors in patients with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Xiao Xiaoyan , Wang Yajuan , Hou Yanlian , Han Feng , Ren Jianmin , Hu Zhao 
Published: March 2016

Objectives To investigate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels in patients with diabetic nephropathy, analyse the relationship between 25(OH)D and clinical indexes, and identify risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in diabetic nephropathy. Methods Patients with diabetic nephropathy were sequentially enrolled and grouped according to diabetic nephropathy stage. Serum 25(OH)D levels were measured. A control group of healthy subjects was used for comparison. Results Out of 240 patients with diabetic nephropathy and 60 healthy controls, 25(OH)D levels were lower in diabetic nephropathy patients than in controls, and showed a gradually decreasing trend with diabetic nephropathy stage. Serum 25(OH)D levels were significantly correlated with age, sex, diabetes history, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, albumin excretion rate (AER), estimated glomerular filtration rate, fasting blood glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), haemoglobin, serum albumin, creatinine clearance rate, blood urea nitrogen and complicated diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, age, body mass index, AER, haemoglobin, and HbA1c were independent risk factors of 25(OH)D deficiency in diabetic nephropathy. Conclusions Vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in patients with diabetic nephropathy and increases in severity with diabetic nephropathy progression. Age, obesity, glucose level and renal function largely affect 25(OH)D deficiency in diabetic nephropathy.
Effects of midazolam or tramadol premedication on early cognitive function in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): A randomized, controlled, double-blind study
Authors: Ulusoy Hulya , Coskun Ilker , Arslan Mehmet 
Published: March 2016

Objectıve To evaluate the sedative efficacy and effects on early period cognitive function of premedication in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Methods Forty patients (18–70 years; American Society of Anesthesiology risk category I–III) undergoing elective ERCP were randomized to receive oral premedication with 0.15 mg/kg midazolam or 1 mg/kg tramadol. Cognitive function was determined by mini-mental test (MMT). Target scores for effective sedation were determined as a Bispectral index score of 70–90 and modified Ramsay Sedation Scale score (mRSS) of 2–4. Results Global MMT score was not significantly different between treatment groups at 60 min post-ERCP. A significant deterioration in the MMT subcategory of recall was determined in with midazolam versus tramadol. Level of sedation (mRSS) was higher in with midazolam compared with tramadol reaching statistical significance at 30 min after drug administration. Conclusıons Although more effective sedation was obtained with midazolam in patients undergoing ERCP, there was a dysfunction in memory recall. It was concluded, however, that early cognitive functions were generally preserved with both drugs.
Effect of Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction Method on Patellofemoral Contact Pressures and Kinematics
Authors: Stephen Joanna M. , Kittl Christoph , Williams Andy , Zaffagnini Stefano , Marcheggiani Muccioli Giulio Maria , Fink Christian , Amis Andrew A. 
Published: March 2016

Background: There remains a lack of evidence regarding the optimal method when reconstructing the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) and whether some graft constructs can be more forgiving to surgical errors, such as overtensioning or tunnel malpositioning, than others. Hypothesis: The null hypothesis was that there would not be a significant difference between reconstruction methods (eg, graft type and fixation) in the adverse biomechanical effects (eg, patellar maltracking or elevated articular contact pressure) resulting from surgical errors such as tunnel malpositioning or graft overtensioning. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Nine fresh-frozen cadaveric knees were placed on a customized testing rig, where the femur was fixed but the tibia could be moved freely from 0° to 90° of flexion. Individual quadriceps heads and the iliotibial tract were separated and loaded to 205 N of tension using a weighted pulley system. Patellofemoral contact pressures and patellar tracking were measured at 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of flexion using pressure-sensitive film inserted between the patella and trochlea, in conjunction with an optical tracking system. The MPFL was transected and then reconstructed in a randomized order using a (1) double-strand gracilis tendon, (2) quadriceps tendon, and (3) tensor fasciae latae allograft. Pressure maps and tracking measurements were recorded for each reconstruction method in 2 N and 10 N of tension and with the graft positioned in the anatomic, proximal, and distal femoral tunnel positions. Statistical analysis was undertaken using repeated-measures analyses of variance, Bonferroni post hoc analyses, and paired t tests. Results: Anatomically placed grafts during MPFL reconstruction tensioned to 2 N resulted in the restoration of intact medial joint contact pressures and patellar tracking for all 3 graft types investigated ( P > .050). However, femoral tunnels positioned proximal or distal to the anatomic origin resulted in significant increases in the mean medial joint contact pressure, medial patellar tilt, and medial patellar translation during knee flexion or extension, respectively ( P < .050), regardless of graft type, as did tensioning to 10 N. Conclusion: The importance of the surgical technique, specifically correct femoral tunnel positioning and graft tensioning, in restoring normal patellofemoral joint (PFJ) kinematics and articular cartilage contact stresses is evident, and the type of MPFL graft appeared less important. Clinical Relevance: The correct femoral tunnel position and graft tension for restoring normal PFJ kinematics and articular cartilage contact stresses appear to be more important than graft selection during MPFL reconstruction. These findings emphasize the importance of the surgical technique when undertaking this procedure.
Toward a Scalable and Sustainable Intervention for Complementary Food Safety
Authors: Rahman Musarrat J. , Nizame Fosiul A. , Nuruzzaman Mohammad , Akand Farhana , Islam Mohammad Aminul , Parvez Sarker Masud , Stewart Christine P. , Unicomb Leanne , Luby Stephen P. , Winch Peter J. 
Published: March 2016

Background: Contaminated complementary foods are associated with diarrhea and malnutrition among children aged 6 to 24 months. However, existing complementary food safety intervention models are likely not scalable and sustainable. Objective: To understand current behaviors, motivations for these behaviors, and the potential barriers to behavior change and to identify one or two simple actions that can address one or few food contamination pathways and have potential to be sustainably delivered to a larger population. Methods: Data were collected from 2 rural sites in Bangladesh through semistructured observations (12), video observations (12), in-depth interviews (18), and focus group discussions (3). Results: Although mothers report preparing dedicated foods for children, observations show that these are not separate from family foods. Children are regularly fed store-bought foods that are perceived to be bad for children. Mothers explained that long storage durations, summer temperatures, flies, animals, uncovered food, and unclean utensils are threats to food safety. Covering foods, storing foods on elevated surfaces, and reheating foods before consumption are methods believed to keep food safe. Locally made cabinet-like hardware is perceived to be acceptable solution to address reported food safety threats. Conclusion: Conventional approaches that include teaching food safety and highlighting benefits such as reduced contamination may be a disincentive for rural mothers who need solutions for their physical environment. We propose extending existing beneficial behaviors by addressing local preferences of taste and convenience.
Bodily isomerism is an independent risk factor for pulmonary hypertension in adults with congenital heart disease
Authors: Loomba Rohit S. , Aggarwal Saurabh , Arora Rohit R. , Anderson Robert 
Published: March 2016

Introduction: Bodily isomerism, or heterotaxy is a unique entity on which there is mirror imagery in various organ systems, leading to a deviation from the normal lateral arrangements of the viscera. Adults with such isomerism and associated congenital malformations of the heart are now reaching adulthood and developing long-term complications. This study investigates the prevalence and characteristics of pulmonary hypertension in adults with isomerism. Methods: The 2012 iteration of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample was utilized and patients were identified as having or not having bodily isomerism and having or not having pulmonary hypertension. Univariate analysis utilizing Chi-square tabulation was done to assess characteristics associated with pulmonary hypertension. Next, a multivariate analysis was done on all patients to identify predictors of pulmonary hypertension followed by a multivariate analysis of patients with only isomerism to identify predictors of pulmonary hypertension specific to this subset. Results: A total of 6,907,109 admissions were included in the analysis. Of these, 861 had isomerism (0.01%). Of those with isomerism, 5.6% were found to have pulmonary hypertension. When all patients were included in the multivariate analysis, isomerism was found to be an independent risk factor for pulmonary hypertension with an odds ratio of approximately 1.79. When only patients with isomerism were included in the multivariate analysis, advanced age, obesity, and history of anomalous pulmonary venous connection were independent risk factors of pulmonary hypertension. Conclusion: Pulmonary hypertension is more common in those with isomerism, with isomerism being an independent risk factor for pulmonary hypertension. The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension is 5.6% in the setting of isomerism. Independent risk factors for pulmonary hypertension in patients with isomerism include age, obesity, and history of anomalous pulmonary venous connection.
TrkA mediates retrograde semaphorin 3A signaling through plexin A4 to regulate dendritic branching
Authors: Yamashita Naoya , Yamane Masayuki , Suto Fumikazu , Goshima Yoshio 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACT
Semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), a secretory semaphorin, exerts various biological actions through a complex between neuropilin-1 and plexin-As (PlexAs). Sema3A induces retrograde signaling, which is involved in regulating dendritic localization of GluA2 (also known as GRIA2), an AMPA receptor subunit. Here, we investigated a possible interaction between retrograde signaling pathways for Sema3A and nerve growth factor (NGF). Sema3A induces colocalization of PlexA4 (also known as PLXNA4) signals with those of tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA, also known as NTRK1) in growth cones, and these colocalized signals were then observed along the axons. The time-lapse imaging of PlexA4 and several TrkA mutants showed that the kinase and dynein-binding activity of TrkA were required for Sema3A-induced retrograde transport of the PlexA4–TrkA complex along the axons. The inhibition of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)–Akt signal, a downstream signaling pathway of TrkA, in the distal axon suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2. The knockdown of TrkA suppressed Sema3A-induced dendritic localization of GluA2 and that suppressed Sema3A-regulated dendritic branching both in vitro and in vivo. These findings suggest that by interacting with PlexA4, TrkA plays a crucial role in redirecting local Sema3A signaling to retrograde axonal transport, thereby regulating dendritic GluA2 localization and patterning.
Hydration and Fluid Replacement Knowledge, Attitudes, Barriers, and Behaviors of NCAA Division 1 American Football Players
Authors: Judge Lawrence W. , Kumley Roberta F. , Bellar David M. , Pike Kim L. , Pierson Eric E. , Weidner Thomas , Pearson David , Friesen Carol A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Judge, LW, Kumley, RF, Bellar, DM, Pike, KL, Pierson, EE, Weidner, T, Pearson, D, and Friesen, CA. Hydration and fluid replacement knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and behaviors of NCAA Division 1 American football players. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 2972–2978, 2016—Hydration is an important part of athletic performance, and understanding athletes' hydration knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and behaviors is critical for sport practitioners. The aim of this study was to assess National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division 1 (D1) American football players, with regard to hydration and fluid intake before, during, and after exercise, and to apply this assessment to their overall hydration practice. The sample consisted of 100 student-athletes from 2 different NCAA D1 universities, who participated in voluntary summer football conditioning. Participants completed a survey to identify the fluid and hydration knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, demographic data, primary football position, previous nutrition education, and barriers to adequate fluid consumption. The average Hydration Knowledge Score (HKS) for the participants in the present study was 11.8 ± 1.9 (69.4% correct), with scores ranging from 42 to 100% correct. Four key misunderstandings regarding hydration, specifically related to intervals of hydration habits among the study subjects, were revealed. Only 24% of the players reported drinking enough fluids before, during, immediately after, and 2 hours after practice. Generalized linear model analysis predicted the outcome variable HKS (χ2 = 28.001, p = 0.045), with nutrition education (Wald χ2 = 8.250, p = 0.041) and position on the football team (χ2 = 9.361, p = 0.025) being significant predictors. “Backs” (e.g., quarterbacks, running backs, and defensive backs) demonstrated significantly higher hydration knowledge than “Linemen” (p = 0.014). Findings indicated that if changes are not made to increase hydration awareness levels among football teams, serious health consequences, including potential fatalities, could occur on the field, especially among heavier linemen.
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption After High-Intensity and Sprint Interval Exercise, and Continuous Steady-State Exercise
Authors: Tucker Wesley J. , Angadi Siddhartha S. , Gaesser Glenn A. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Tucker, WJ, Angadi, SS, and Gaesser, GA. Excess postexercise oxygen consumption after high-intensity and sprint interval exercise, and continuous steady-state exercise. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3090–3097, 2016—Higher excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) after high-intensity interval exercise (HIE) and sprint interval exercise (SIE) may contribute to greater fat loss sometimes reported after interval training compared with continuous steady-state exercise (SSE) training. We compared EPOC after HIE, SIE, and SSE. Ten recreationally active men (age 24 ± 4 years) participated in this randomized crossover study. On separate days, subjects completed a resting control trial and 3 exercise conditions on a cycle ergometer: HIE (four 4-minute intervals at 95% peak heart rate (HRpeak), separated by 3 minutes of active recovery), SIE (six 30-second Wingate sprints, separated by 4 minutes of active recovery), and SSE (30 minutes at 80% of HRpeak). Oxygen consumption (V̇o
2) was measured continuously during and for 3 hours after exercise. For all conditions, V̇o
2 was higher than resting control only during the first hour postexercise. Although 3-hour EPOC and total net exercise energy expenditure (EE) after exercise were higher (p = 0.01) for SIE (22.0 ± 9.3 L; 110 ± 47 kcal) compared with SSE (12.8 ± 8.5 L; 64 ± 43 kcal), total (exercise + postexercise) net O2 consumed and net EE were greater (p = 0.03) for SSE (69.5 ± 18.4 L; 348 ± 92 kcal) than those for SIE (54.2 ± 12.0 L; 271 ± 60 kcal). Corresponding values for HIE were not significantly different from SSE or SIE. Excess postexercise oxygen consumption after SIE and HIE is unlikely to account for the greater fat loss per unit EE associated with SIE and HIE training reported in the literature.
Physical Characteristics Underpinning Repetitive Lunging in Fencing
Authors: Turner Anthony N. , Marshall Geoff , Phillips James , Noto Angelo , Buttigieg Conor , Chavda Shyam , Downing William , Atlay Nathan , Dimitriou Lygeri , Kilduff Laim 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Turner, AN, Marshall, G, Phillips, J, Noto, A, Buttigieg, C, Chavda, S, Downing, W, Atlay, N, Dimitriou, L, and Kilduff, L. Physical characteristics underpinning repetitive lunging in fencing. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3134–3139, 2016—Given the repetitive demand to execute lunging and changes in direction within fencing, the ability to sustain these at maximal capacity is fundamental to performance. The aim of this study was threefold. First, to provide normative values for this variable referred to as repeat lunge ability (RLA) and second to identify the physical characteristics that underpin it. Third, was to establish if a cause and effect relationship existed by training the associated characteristics. Assessment of lower-body power, reactive strength, speed, change of direction speed (CODS), and a sport-specific RLA were conducted on senior and junior elite male fencers (n = 36). Fencers were on average (±SD) 18.9 ± 3.2 years of age, 174.35 ± 10.42 cm tall, 70.67 ± 7.35 kg in mass, and 8.5 ± 4.2 years fencing experience. The RLA test had average work times of 16.03 ± 1.40 seconds and demonstrated “large” to “very large” associations with all tested variables, but in particular CODS (r = 0.70) and standing broad jump (SBJ; r = −0.68). Through linear regression analysis, these also provided a 2-predictor model accounting for 61% of the common variance associated with RLA. A cause and effect relationship with SBJ and CODS was confirmed by the training group, where RLA performance in these fencers improved from 15.80 ± 1.07 to 14.90 ± 0.86 seconds, with the magnitude of change reported as “moderate” (effect size (ES) = 0.93). Concurrent improvements were also noted in both SBJ (216.86 ± 17.15 vs. 221.71 ± 17.59 cm) and CODS (4.44 ± 0.29 vs. 4.31 ± 0.09 seconds) and while differences were only significant in SBJ, magnitudes of change were classed as “small” (ES = 0.28) and “moderate” (ES = 0.61), respectively. In conclusion, to improve RLA strength and conditioning coaches should focus on improving lower-body power and reactive strength, noting that jump training and plyometrics designed to enhance horizontal propulsion may be most effective, and translate to improvement in CODS also.
High-Intensity Training Improves Exercise Performance in Elite Women Volleyball Players During a Competitive Season
Authors: Purkhús Elisabeth , Krustrup Peter , Mohr Magni 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Purkhús, E, Krustrup, P, and Mohr, M. High-intensity training improves exercise performance in elite women volleyball players during a competitive season. J Strength Cond Res 30(11): 3066–3072, 2016—Elite women volleyball players (n = 25; mean ± SD: age, 19 ± 5 years; height, 171 ± 7 cm; weight, 63 ± 10 kg) volunteered to participate in the study. They were randomized into a high-intensity training (HIT; n = 13) group and a control (CON; n = 12) group. In addition to the normal team training and games, HIT performed 6–10 × 30-seconds all-out running intervals separated by 3-minute recovery periods 3 times per week during a 4-week in-season period whereas CON only completed the team training sessions and games. Preintervention and postintervention, all players completed the arrowhead agility test (AAT), a repeated sprint test (RST; 5 × 30 meters separated by 25 seconds of recovery), and the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery level 2 test (Yo-Yo IR2) followed by a-10 minute rest period and the Yo-Yo IR1 test. Mean running distance during HIT in week 1 was 152 ± 4 m and increased (p ≤ 0.05) by 4.6% (159 ± 3 m) in week 4. The AAT performance improved (p ≤ 0.05) by 2.3% (18.87 ± 0.97–18.44 ± 1.06 seconds) and RST by 4.3% postintervention in the HIT group only. Baseline RST fatigue index was 7.0 ± 2.9 and 6.2 ± 5.0% in HIT and CON, respectively, but was lowered (p ≤ 0.05) to 2.7 ± 3.0% posttraining in HIT and remained unaltered in CON (5.5 ± 5.0%). In HIT, Yo-Yo IR2 and Yo-Yo IR1 performance improved by 12.6 and 18.3% postintervention, respectively, with greater (p ≤ 0.05) Yo-yo IR1 change scores than in CON. In conclusion, additional high-intensity in-season training performed as interval running improved agility, repeated sprint ability, and high-intensity intermittent exercise performance in elite women volleyball players.