bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of chemical profile and antioxidant potential of <em>Trichodesma indicum</em> (L.) R.Br.
Authors: Khyade Mahendra S , Varpe Subhash N , Padwal Anup D 
Published: September 2017

<p>The present study was conducted to evaluate the antioxidant activity and chemical composition of aqueous methanolic extract of <em>Trichodesma indicum </em>(L.) R.Br. The extract was tested for antioxidant activity using various <em>in vitro</em> models viz., DPPH, ABTS, NO, FRAP, total antioxidant activity and reducing power. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were found to be equivalents to 97.83 ± 0.08 µg of gallic acid and 45.45 ± 0.19 µg of rutin /mg of dried aqueous methanolic extract, respectively. Among various antioxidant assays performed, maximum inhibition was observed in the ABTS (IC<sub>50</sub> 17.13 ± 0.23 μg) followed by DPPH (IC<sub>50 </sub>80.64 ± 0.29 μg) and NO (IC<sub>50 </sub>4.12 ± 0.02 μg) assay. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of over 38 compounds, the prevailing compounds were hexadecanoic acid, β-sitosterol, ethyl iso-allocholate and 9,12,15,-Octadecatrienoicacid. The HPLC analysis further confirmed the presence of rutin, salicylic acid and benzoic acid. This confirms that <em>T. indicum</em> could be the good source of natural antioxidant for industrial and pharmaceutical preparations.</p>
Laparoscopic Resection of a Pancreatic β Cell Tumor in a Dog
Authors: Mcclaran Janet Kovak , Pavia Philippa , Fischetti Anthony J. , Donovan Taryn A. 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTLaparoscopic partial pancreatectomy has been performed in experimental canine studies and has been evaluated in human medicine but has not been reported in a clinical veterinary case. The authors present a 9 yr old field spaniel with weakness and hypoglycemia with insulin levels and Amended Insulin: Glucose Ratio results equivocal for a pancreatic insulinoma. Multiple abdominal ultrasounds did not detect the tumor, yet dual-phase computed tomographic angiography revealed the presence of a focal hypoattenuating nodule in the left lobe of the pancreas. A 3-port laparoscopic approach to the abdomen confirmed a 1.5-cm mass in the mid-left limb of the pancreas, and resection of the mass was performed with a bipolar vessel-sealing device. The surgery was performed without complication, and the dog became normoglycemic within 4 hr following surgery. Final histopathology results revealed pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma of the β cells. Recurrence of hypoglycemia was noted 18 mo postoperatively; however, repeat computed tomographic angiography did not reveal pancreatic abnormalities and fine needle aspirates of liver nodules did not suggest metastatic disease. Medical management was elected and the patient was euthanized 28 mo after surgery due to refractory hypoglycemic seizures.
Psychopatia, narcyzm, histrionika - menedżerowie o osobowościach patologicznych i kreowane przez nich kultury organizacyjne. Wprowadzenie do badań
Authors: Stawiarska-Lietzau Monika , Łużniak-Piecha Magdalena 
Published: September 2017

Artykuł jest głosem w dyskusji nad wzajemnymi zależnościami pomiędzy patologicznym typem osobowości menedżera i kulturą organizacyjną. Autorzy w swoich rozważaniach skupiają się na psychopatii, narcyzmie i osobowości histrionicznej oraz ich wpływie na kapitał ludzki w organizacji. Opisano typy kultur organizacyjnych powstające w wyniku działania osobowości patologicznych oraz głębokie konsekwencje psychologiczne, które ponoszą członkowie organizacji funkcjonujący w toksycznym środowisku pracy. Analiza kończy się rekomendacjami badawczymi obejmującymi zarówno działania na polu studiów psychologicznych, jak i nauk o zarządzaniu.
Percepções de estudantes de enfermagem referente à qualidade de vida na trajetória acadêmica
Authors: Freitas Aline Macedo Carvalho , Bárbara Josele Farias de Rodrigues Santa , Vale Paulo Roberto Lima Falcão do , Carvalho Silas Santos , Carvalho Letícia Falcão de , Nery Givanildo da Silva 
Published: September 2017

Objetivo: compreender as percepções dos estudantes de enfermagem relacionada à Qualidade de Vida (QV) durante a trajetória acadêmica em uma Universidade Pública Federal. Método: estudo exploratório, qualitativo, realizado com 14 estudantes de uma Universidade Pública Federal, entre agosto e outubro de 2012. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados foram a entrevista semiestruturada e o diário de campo, com posterior análise de conteúdo. Resultados: Emergiram duas categorias: “A universidade... Entre promotora e não promotora da qualidade de vida” e “Estágio Supervisionado e Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso como causa dos problemas de saúde”.As dimensões promotoras da QV foram: atividades em grupo, interação entre comunidade científica-comunidade e, conhecimentos transformados na universidade. Quanto às não promotoras da QV percebe-se:alimentação inadequada; exigência dos docentes; extensa carga horária e demanda de tempo elevada; e atividades práticas das disciplinas. Conclusão: Infere-se a necessidade de adaptações na trajetória acadêmica para assegurar uma melhoria na QV.
GPS Signal Corruption by the Discrete Aurora: Precise Measurements From the Mahali Experiment
Authors: Semeter Joshua , Mrak Sebastijan , Hirsch Michael , Swoboda John , Akbari Hassan , Starr Gregory , Hampton Don , Erickson Philip , Lind Frank , Coster Anthea , Pankratius Victor 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMeasurements from a dense network of GPS receivers have been used to clarify the relationship between substorm auroras and GPS signal corruption as manifested by loss of lock on the received signal. A network of nine receivers was deployed along roadways near the Poker Flat Research Range in central Alaska, with receiver spacing between 15 and 30 km. Instances of large‐amplitude phase fluctuations and signal loss of lock were registered in space and time with auroral forms associated with a sequence of westward traveling surges associated with a substorm onset over central Canada. The following conclusions were obtained: (1) The signal corruption originated in the ionospheric E region, between 100 and 150 km altitude, and (2) the GPS links suffering loss of lock were confined to a narrow band (<20 km wide) along the trailing edge of the moving auroral forms. The results are discussed in the context of mechanisms typically cited to account for GPS phase scintillation by auroral processes.
Sorting of Lytic Enzymes in the PlantGolgi Apparatus
Authors: Jiang Liwen , Rogers John C. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionGeneral Features of the Lytic Vacuole PathwayEvidence for Receptor‐Mediated Sorting: The Roles ofVSRProteins in Plant CellsBP‐80 as a Sorting Receptor: Proof of Function in YeastStructural Requirements for Ligand Binding byVSRProteinsChimeric Integral Membrane Reporter Proteins as Probes of theGolgi to Lytic Vacuole PathwayThe Lytic Prevacuolar Compartment: Identity and FunctionAcknowledgements
Phosphate Transporters
Authors: Poirier Yves , Jung Ji‐Yul 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAcquisition of phosphate from the soil and its distribution across plant tissues, as well as between the cytosol and organelles, is dependent on an array of transporters, which include proton‐phosphate cotransporters belonging to the family ofPHTproteins, thePHO1phosphate exporter, as well as organellar phosphate exchangers. The expression of these transporters is regulated both at the transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels, and their activity and localisation is controlled by modifications such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination. Proteins including thePHR1andWRKY6transcription factors,PHO2andNLAinvolved in ubiquitination, as well asSPXproteins, form a network which enables plants to regulate phosphate transport activity under both nutrient‐sufficient and ‐deficient conditions, allowing them to survive, grow and produce seeds under adverse conditions.
Membrane Remodelling in Phosphorus‐Deficient Plants
Authors: Meike Siebers , Peter Dörmann , Hölzl Georg 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPhosphate deficiency results in alterations in the membrane lipid composition of plants, because phospholipids are replaced with nonphosphorous glycolipids. During phosphate deprivation, phospholipids are degraded by phospholipase D (PLD) and phosphatidate phosphatase (PAP), or by phospholipase C (PLC), resulting in the release of diacylglycerol, which is made available for glycolipid synthesis. Free phosphate is employed for essential cellular processes, includingDNAandRNAsynthesis. Expression of genes of galactolipid synthesis is induced in an auxin‐dependent manner during phosphate limitation. The galactolipid digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) accumulates under phosphate deprivation in plastidial and extraplastidial membranes. Furthermore, the two anionic glycolipids sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol and glucuronosyldiacylglycerol accumulate in the chloroplast, as surrogates for phosphatidylglycerol. Further phosphate‐free glycolipids (glucosylceramide, sterol glucosides, acylated sterol glucosides) accumulate in the plasma membrane under phosphate deprivation. The replacement of phospholipids with glycolipids during phosphate starvation has already been established in some bacteria, and therefore represents an ancient, essential adaptation process to low‐phosphate conditions in the environment.
Impact of Roots, Microorganisms and Microfauna on the Fate of Soil Phosphorus in the Rhizosphere
Authors: Hinsinger Philippe , Herrmann Laetitia , Lesueur Didier , Robin Agnès , Trap Jean , Waithaisong Kittima , Plassard Claude 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPhosphorus (P) occurs at low concentrations in soils because of the numerous processes responsible for P sorption or immobilisation. Soil P is also characterised by its restricted mobility, and thus the most limiting step of P acquisition is not its absorption by plant roots, but rather the many processes that determine the fate of soil P in the rhizosphere. This chapter describes these various processes, including those directly mediated by plants (which vary considerably with plant species), and those related to soil microbial and microfaunal activities. In order to overcome the restricted mobility of soil P, plants have evolved several features aimed at increasing the rhizosphere volume by increasing the absorptive surfaces, notably root elongation and branching. The formation of root hairs and mycorrhizas is also triggered by interactions with plant growth promoting microorganisms. Plants have also evolved strategies aimed at increasing soil P concentrations via the mobilisation of inorganic and organic pools of soil P. These imply changes in pH, and the release of P‐mobilising compounds such as carboxylates and phosphatases, that are exuded by the roots themselves or by rhizosphere microorganisms. Finally, the soil microfauna (especially the predators of bacteria and fungi) play an important role in the cycling of soil P in the rhizosphere that deserves further consideration.
Enjoyment/Entertainment Seeking
Authors: Klimmt Christoph 
Published: September 2017

As early as 1962, → Elihu Katz and David Foulkes wondered why communication researchers had almost exclusively addressed mass media's persuasive capacities (→ Persuasion) and almost completely neglected its role as an agent of entertainment. Their surprise was caused by the simple observation that the bulk of mass media consumption at that time served entertainment needs – an observation that is equally, if not even more, valid today (→ Exposure to Communication Content). Cinema movies, television series, radio music, illustrated magazines, and video games (to name just a few examples) frequently attract mass audiences and serve as reliable “cash cows” of the media industries (Wolf 1999). Interestingly, communication research has begun to reflect the remarkable importance of media entertainment very late in the day. Since then, significant theoretical progress has been made on the description and explanation of entertainment experiences (Bryant & Vorderer 2006).
Hermeneutics
Authors: Peters John Durham , McCormick Samuel 
Published: September 2017

“Hermeneutics” comes from the name of the Greek messenger god, Hermes – the patron of travelers, rogues, liars, and thieves. As the carrier of messages between gods and mortals, Hermes had to be fluent in both of their idioms. It was his task to build and maintain an interpretive bridge between alien worlds. Since he was also a trickster who could deliver messages in garbled form, the Greek verb
hermeneuō
meant to decipher cryptic or obscure meanings, and, more generally, to explain, translate, and express (Gadamer 1971). The term hermeneutics descends from this root, via the Latin
hermeneutica
, and has been used in English and German since the late seventeenth century. Today hermeneutics has two main senses: the art of reading texts, and the philosophy of textual interpretation and human understanding. However forbidding or exotic the term may sound, hermeneutics is a fundamental mode of inquiry into communication and its conditions. Indeed, hermeneutics and communication theory alike focus on how messages span the gaps of human togetherness (→ Communication Theory and Philosophy).
Scaling Effects on the Electrochemical Performance of poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT), Au, and Pt for Electrocorticography Recording
Authors: Ganji Mehran , Elthakeb Ahmed T. , Tanaka Atsunori , Gilja Vikash , Halgren Eric , Dayeh Shadi A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractReduced contact size would permit higher resolution cortical recordings, but the effects of diameter on crucial recording and stimulation properties are poorly understood. Here, the first systematic study of scaling effects on the electrochemical properties of metallic Pt and Au and organic poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):polystyrene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) electrodes is presented. PEDOT:PSS exhibits better faradaic charge transfer and capacitive charge coupling than metal electrodes, and these characteristics lead to improved electrochemical performance and reduced noise at smaller electrode diameters. PEDOT:PSS coating reduces the impedances of metallic electrodes by up to 18x for diameters <200 µm, but has no effect for millimeter scale contacts due to the dominance of series resistances. Therefore, the performance gains are especially significant at smaller diameters and lower frequencies essential for recording cognitive and pathological activities. Additionally, the overall reduced noise of the PEDOT:PSS electrodes enables a lower noise floor for recording action potentials. These results permit quantitative optimization of contact material and diameter for different electrocorticography applications.
Enhancing the Stability of Perovskite Quantum Dots by Encapsulation in Crosslinked Polystyrene Beads via a Swelling–Shrinking Strategy toward Superior Water Resistance
Authors: Wei Yi , Deng Xiaoran , Xie Zhongxi , Cai Xuechao , Liang Sisi , Ma Ping'an , Hou Zhiyao , Cheng Ziyong , Lin Jun 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOrganic/inorganic hybrid lead halide perovskites are promising optoelectronic materials due to their unique structure, excellent properties, and fascinating potential applications in lighting, photovoltaic, etc. However, perovskite materials are very sensitive to moisture and polar solvent, which greatly hinders their practical applications. Here, highly luminescent perovskite–polystyrene composite beads with uniform morphology are prepared via a simple swelling–shrinking strategy. This process is carried out only in nonpolar toluene and hexane without the addition of any polar reagents. As a result, the as‐prepared composite beads not only retain high luminescence but also exhibit superior water‐resistant property. The composites emit strong luminescence after being immersed into water over nine months. Moreover, even in some harsh environments such as acid/alkali aqueous solution, phosphate buffer solution, and Dulbecco's modified eagle medium biological buffers, they still preserve high luminescence. The applications in light‐emitting diodes and cellular labeling agents are also carried out to demonstrate their ultrastability.
3D Miniaturization of Human Organs for Drug Discovery
Authors: Park Joseph , Wetzel Isaac , Dréau Didier , Cho Hansang 
Published: September 2017

Abstract“Engineered human organs” hold promises for predicting the effectiveness and accuracy of drug responses while reducing cost, time, and failure rates in clinical trials. Multiorgan human models utilize many aspects of currently available technologies including self‐organized spherical 3D human organoids, microfabricated 3D human organ chips, and 3D bioprinted human organ constructs to mimic key structural and functional properties of human organs. They enable precise control of multicellular activities, extracellular matrix (ECM) compositions, spatial distributions of cells, architectural organizations of ECM, and environmental cues. Thus, engineered human organs can provide the microstructures and biological functions of target organs and advantageously substitute multiscaled drug‐testing platforms including the current in vitro molecular assays, cell platforms, and in vivo models. This review provides an overview of advanced innovative designs based on the three main technologies used for organ construction leading to single and multiorgan systems useable for drug development. Current technological challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.
Field‐Effect Biosensors for On‐Site Detection: Recent Advances and Promising Targets
Authors: Choi Jaebin , Seong Tae Wha , Jeun Minhong , Lee Kwan Hyi 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere is an explosive interest in the immediate and cost‐effective analysis of field‐collected biological samples, as many advanced biodetection tools are highly sensitive, yet immobile. On‐site biosensors are portable and convenient sensors that provide detection results at the point of care. They are designed to secure precision in highly ionic and heterogeneous solutions with minimal hardware. Among various methods that are capable of such analysis, field‐effect biosensors are promising candidates due to their unique sensitivity, manufacturing scalability, and integrability with computational circuitry. Recent developments in nanotechnological surface modification show promising results in sensing from blood, serum, and urine. This report gives a particular emphasis on the on‐site efficacy of recently published field‐effect biosensors, specifically, detection limits in physiological solutions, response times, and scalability. The survey of the properties and existing detection methods of four promising biotargets, exosomes, bacteria, viruses, and metabolites, aims at providing a roadmap for future field‐effect and other on‐site biosensors.
Self‐Assembly of an Amphiphilic Janus Camptothecin–Floxuridine Conjugate into Liposome‐Like Nanocapsules for More Efficacious Combination Chemotherapy in Cancer
Authors: Liang Xiaolong , Gao Chuang , Cui Ligang , Wang Shumin , Wang Jinrui , Dai Zhifei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe combination of camptothecin (CPT) and fluoropyrimidine derivatives acts synergistically at a 1:1 molar ratio. Practically, the greatest challenge is the development of a single liposomal formulation that can both encapsulate and maintain this drug combination at an exact 1:1 ratio to achieve coordinated pharmacokinetics. Consequently, a new type of liposome‐like nanocapsule (NC) is developed from a highly symmetric Janus camptothecin–floxuridine conjugate (JCFC) amphiphile, which is synthesized by coupling two hydrophobic CPT molecules and two hydrophilic floxuridine (FUDR) molecules to multivalent pentaerythritol via a hydrolyzable ester linkage. JCFC NCs possess remarkably high drug‐loading contents, and no premature release because of the highly stable co‐delivery of the drug combination without the need for any carrier. It is shown that JCFC NCs consistently provide synergy and avoid antagonism in a broad panel of tumor cell lines. In vivo delivery of JCFC NCs leads to longer blood retention half‐life, higher tumorous accumulation and cellular uptake of drugs, and greatly enhanced efficacy in murine tumor models compared to CPT, FUDR, and CPT + FUDR. This liposomal strategy can be extended to other hydrophilic and hydrophobic anticancer drugs that are coupled to pentaerythritol to self‐assemble into nanocapsules for drug self‐delivery, pointing to potential clinical translation in near future.
8.0% Efficient All‐Polymer Solar Cells with High Photovoltage of 1.1 V and Internal Quantum Efficiency near Unity
Authors: Xu Xiaofeng , Li Zhaojun , Zhang Wei , Meng Xiangyi , Zou Xianshao , Di Carlo Rasi Dario , Ma Wei , Yartsev Arkady , Andersson Mats R. , Janssen René A. J. , Wang Ergang 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn very recent years, growing efforts have been devoted to the development of all‐polymer solar cells (all‐PSCs). One of the advantages of all‐PSCs over the fullerene‐based PSCs is the versatile design of both donor and acceptor polymers which allows the optimization of energy levels to maximize the open‐circuit voltage (Voc). However, there is no successful example of all‐PSCs with both high Voc over 1 V and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 8% reported so far. In this work, a combination of a donor polymer poly[4,8‐bis(5‐(2‐octylthio)thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl‐alt‐(5‐(2‐ethylhexyl)‐4H‐thieno[3,4‐c]pyrrole‐4,6(5H)‐dione)‐1,3‐diyl] (PBDTS‐TPD) with a low‐lying highest occupied molecular orbital level and an acceptor polymer poly[[N,N′‐bis(2‐octyldodecyl)‐naphthalene‐1,4,5,8‐bis(dicarboximide)‐2,6‐diyl]‐alt‐thiophene‐2,5‐diyl] (PNDI‐T) with a high‐lying lowest unoccupied molecular orbital level is used, realizing high‐performance all‐PSCs with simultaneously high Voc of 1.1 V and high PCE of 8.0%, and surpassing the performance of the corresponding PC71BM‐based PSCs. The PBDTS‐TPD:PNDI‐T all‐PSCs achieve a maximum internal quantum efficiency of 95% at 450 nm, which reveals that almost all the absorbed photons can be converted into free charges and collected by electrodes. This work demonstrates the advantages of all‐PSCs by incorporating proper donor and acceptor polymers to boost both Voc and PCEs.
3D Porous Cu–Zn Alloys as Alternative Anode Materials for Li‐Ion Batteries with Superior Low T Performance
Authors: Varzi Alberto , Mattarozzi Luca , Cattarin Sandro , Guerriero Paolo , Passerini Stefano 
Published: September 2017

AbstractZinc is recently gaining interest in the battery community as potential alternative anode material, because of its large natural abundance and potentially larger volumetric density than graphite. Nevertheless, pure Zn anodes have shown so far very poor cycling performance. Here, the electrochemical performance of Zn‐rich porous Cu–Zn alloys electrodeposited by an environmentally friendly (aqueous) dynamic hydrogen bubble template method is reported. The lithiation/delithiation mechanism is studied in detail by both in situ and ex situ X‐ray diffraction, indicating the reversible displacement of Zn from the Cu–Zn alloy upon reaction with Li. The influence of the alloy composition on the performance of carbon‐ and binder‐free electrodes is also investigated. The optimal Cu:Zn atomic ratio is found to be 18:82, which provides impressive rate capability up to 10 A g−1 (≈30C), and promising capacity retention upon more than 500 cycles. The high electronic conductivity provided by Cu, and the porous electrode morphology also enable superior lithium storage capability at low temperature. Cu18Zn82 can indeed steadily deliver ≈200 mAh g−1 at −20 °C, whereas an analogous commercial graphite electrode rapidly fades to only 12 mAh g−1.