bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripapillary choroidal vascularity of paediatric myopic eyes with peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass‐like structures
Authors: Kirik Furkan , Dizdar Yiğit Didem , Sevik Mehmet Orkun , Ertürk Kamile Melis , İskandarov Farid , Şahin Özlem , Özdemir Hakan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPurposeTo assess the peripapillary choroidal vasculature in paediatric myopic patients with and without peripapillary hyperreflective ovoid mass‐like structures (PHOMS).MethodsThis prospective study includes 60 eyes of 60 myopic (spherical equivalent [SE] <−1.00 dioptre [D]) patients with (n = 30) and without (n = 30) PHOMS (PHOMS [+] and PHOMS [−] groups, respectively), and 30 eyes of 30 age‐ and sex‐matched emmetropic children (control group). Peripapillary choroidal parameters, including total choroidal (TCA), luminal (LA), and stromal areas (SA) and choroidal vascularity index (CVI) calculated from vertical and horizontal single‐line enhanced depth imaging‐optical coherence tomography scans centred on optic nerve head.ResultsPeripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thicknesses were not different between the groups (p > 0.05). In the PHOMS (+) group, TCA, LA and SA were lower, and CVI was higher in all quadrants compared to the control (p < 0.05). However, only the mean TCA and LA in the inferior and nasal quadrants and the mean SA in the nasal quadrant were lower in PHOMS (+) than in PHOMS (−) (p < 0.05). In the PHOMS (−) group, higher CVI was observed in all quadrants except temporal compared to the control group. Although the mean CVI of the PHOMS (+) group was also higher than in the PHOMS (−) group, this difference was not statistically significant.ConclusionThis study indicates that choroidal parameters differ in paediatric myopic patients with PHOMS. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to understand the details of choroidal parameters in eyes with PHOMS.
Letter: Optimising public health policies to combat alcohol‐associated liver disease in youth—Addressing key methodological and regional challenges
Authors: Zhang Rui , Wei Hua , Liu Ming 
Published: September 2024

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Danpanichkul et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18101 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.18250
Altered bile acid and coproporphyrin‐I disposition in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Authors: Tiley Jacqueline B. , Beaudoin James J. , Derebail Vimal K. , Murphy William A. , Park Christine C. , Veeder Justin A. , Tran Lana , Beers Jessica L. , Jia Wei , Stewart Paul W. , Brouwer Kim L. R. 
Published: September 2024

AimsSerum, liver and urinary bile acids are increased, and hepatic transport protein levels are decreased in a non‐clinical model of polycystic kidney disease. Similar changes in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) may predispose them to drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) and hepatic drug–drug interactions (DDIs). Systemic coproporphyrin‐I (CP‐I), an endogenous biomarker for hepatic OATP1B function and MRP2 substrate, is used to evaluate OATP1B‐mediated DDI risk in humans. In this clinical observational cohort‐comparison study, bile acid profiles and CP‐I concentrations in healthy volunteers and patients with ADPKD were compared.MethodsSerum and urine samples from healthy volunteers (n = 16) and patients with ADPKD (n = 8) were collected. Serum bile acids, and serum and urine CP‐I concentrations, were quantified by ultra‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS).ResultsPatients with ADPKD exhibited increased serum concentrations of total (1.3‐fold) and taurine‐conjugated (2.8‐fold) bile acids compared to healthy volunteers. Specifically, serum concentrations of six bile acids known to be more hydrophobic/hepatotoxic (glycochenodeoxycholate, taurochenodeoxycholate, taurodeoxycholate, lithocholate, glycolithocholate and taurolithocholate) were increased (1.5‐, 2.9‐, 2.8‐, 1.6‐, 1.7‐ and 2.7‐fold, respectively) in patients with ADPKD. Furthermore, serum CP‐I concentrations were elevated and the renal clearance of CP‐I was reduced in patients with ADPKD compared to healthy volunteers.ConclusionsIncreased exposure to bile acids may increase susceptibility to DILI in some patients with ADPKD. Furthermore, the observed increase in serum CP‐I concentrations could be attributed, in part, to impaired OATP1B function in patients with ADPKD, which could increase the risk of DDIs involving OATP1B substrates compared to healthy volunteers.
Learning from errors and failure in educational contexts: New insights and future directions for research and practice
Authors: Narciss Susanne , Alemdag Ecenaz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsAlthough errors and failures are indispensable parts of the learning process, the current theoretical models and empirical research remain inadequate to provide a comprehensive perspective for learning from errors, considering the roles of different agents, settings, and support mechanisms. Addressing these gaps in the literature, this special issue collects 11 research papers related to learning from errors and failure in educational contexts. In this commentary, we synthesize the findings of these papers with previous work, address conceptual and methodological challenges based on these papers and their implications, and provide suggestions to enhance educational practices.ResultsThe special issue papers varying in regard to research design, subject domain, participants, and learning setting presented findings about four main themes: (1) contextual factors (e.g. organization and error climate) as an enabler and barrier, (2) individual factors (e.g. motivational beliefs and emotions) in learners' processing of errors, (3) error‐ or failure‐related learning processes, and (4) instructional strategies (e.g. feedback and prompts) to support learning from errors. Critical evaluation of these papers also revealed conceptual (e.g. error vs. failure) and methodological (e.g. generic vs. error‐specific measures and instruments) challenges, which also paved the way for directions for future research.ConclusionOverall, 11 papers in this special issue provide significant empirical evidence about learning from errors and failure in educational contexts. Synthesizing the findings of both these papers and prior research, we also present suggestions to construct an educational environment conducive to learning from errors.
Elucidating the beneficial impact of exercise on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and its comorbidities: Integrating proteomic and immunological insights
Authors: Wang Xishuai , Liu Cong , Liang Ruining , Zhou Yuehui , Kong Xiliang , Wang Weichao , Wang Hongwei , Zhao Lunan , Niu Weina , Yi Chao , Jiang Fugao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposePhysical activity is an effective therapeutic protocol for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms underlying the benefits of physical activity in COPD are not fully elucidated.Experimental ApproachIn a mouse model of COPD, analysis of biological markers and lung proteomics identified the molecular pathways through which exercise ameliorates COPD.Key ResultsExercise improved pulmonary function, emphysema, small airway disease, pulmonary inflammation, glucose metabolic dysregulation, and insulin resistance in COPD mice. Proteomic analysis revealed 430 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between the COPD and COPD + Exercise (COPD + Ex) groups. GO analysis indicated that the enriched pathways were predominantly related to the immune response, inflammatory processes, insulin secretion, and glucose metabolic processes. GO analysis revealed IL‐33 as a crucial target for the exercise‐related amelioration of COPD. KEGG analysis showed that DEPs were significantly enriched in primary immunodeficiency, the intestinal immune network for IgA production, and the NF‐κB signalling pathway. Exercise inhibited NF‐κB activation by suppressing the CD14/TLR4/MyD88 and TNF‐α/TNF‐R1/TRAF2/5 pathways in COPD mice. Exercise inhibited expression of BCR, IgM, IgD, IgG, IgE, and IgA by suppressing B‐cell receptor signalling. Exercise attenuated glucose metabolic dysregulation and insulin resistance through the suppression of proinflammatory mediators, including MHC I, MHC II, TNF‐α, IFN‐γ, and IL‐1β, while concurrently increasing insulin expression. The qRT‐PCR results were consistent with the proteomic results.Conclusion and ImplicationsIn a mouse model, exercise improved COPD and its metabolic comorbidities through immune system regulation and inflammation suppression, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets.
Thin corridors limit wildlife: Variance of tropical carnivore distribution and habitat use in a critical rainforest corridor
Authors: Ross Patrick H. , Patel Erik , Ravelojaona Rojo Nandrianina , Rasolondravoavy Charles , Raoloniana Guy Irenel , Dollar Luke , Parker Patricia G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMadagascar is acclaimed for its floral and faunal endemism and biodiversity. Among the island nation's most emblematic fauna are its native mammalian carnivores; they are members of the threatened and endemic Eupleridae family. The Corridor of Marojejy, Anjanaharibe‐Sud Special Reserve, Tsaratanana (COMATSA) is a newly protected corridor system that faces deforestation and lacks detailed assessments of its native carnivore community. We deployed 44 motion‐activated trail cameras to identify which terrestrial carnivores are found within the rainforest corridor landscape of COMATSA‐Sud and Marojejy National Park, and to examine carnivore occupancy, relative activity and the impacts of habitat edge. Our sampling array operated from October 20, 2021, to February 10, 2022 (113 days) and confirmed the presence of four species in Eupleridae: Cryptoprocta ferox, Fossa fossana, Galidia elegans, and Galidictis fasciata, as well as a non‐native carnivore species: Canis familiaris. We show that carnivore occurrences significantly increase with distance to forest edges. We discuss the negative impacts of forest loss on native carnivores and highlight the threats posed by the non‐native carnivore C. familiaris. Our findings spotlight faunal detections across the corridor and indicate that fewer native carnivores are found in the corridor compared to nearby protected areas, suggesting that deforestation correlates with a skewed distribution of carnivore detections. Based on our data, we provide management recommendations for the protection of the forest corridor and its endemic faunal community.
Decreased PU.1 expression in mature B cells induces lymphomagenesis
Authors: Endo Shinya , Nishimura Nao , Toyoda Kosuke , Komohara Yoshihiro , Carreras Joaquim , Yuki Hiromichi , Shichijo Takafumi , Ueno Shikiko , Ueno Niina , Hirata Shinya , Kawano Yawara , Nosaka Kisato , Miyaoka Masashi , Nakamura Naoya , Sato Ai , Ando Kiyoshi , Mitsuya Hiroaki , Akashi Koichi , Tenen Daniel G. , Yasunaga Jun‐ichirou , Matsuoka Masao , Okuno Yutaka , Tatetsu Hiro 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDiffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of lymphoma, accounting for 30% of non‐Hodgkin lymphomas. Although comprehensive analysis of genetic abnormalities has led to the classification of lymphomas, the exact mechanism of lymphomagenesis remains elusive. The Ets family transcription factor, PU.1, encoded by Spi1, is essential for the development of myeloid and lymphoid cells. Our previous research illustrated the tumor suppressor function of PU.1 in classical Hodgkin lymphoma and myeloma cells. In the current study, we found that patients with DLBCL exhibited notably reduced PU.1 expression in their lymphoma cells, particularly in the non‐germinal center B‐cell‐like (GCB) subtype. This observation suggests that downregulation of PU.1 may be implicated in DLBCL tumor growth. To further assess PU.1's role in mature B cells in vivo, we generated conditional Spi1 knockout mice using Cγ1‐Cre mice. Remarkably, 13 of the 23 knockout mice (56%) showed splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, or masses, with some having histologically confirmed B‐cell lymphomas. In contrast, no wild‐type mice developed B‐cell lymphoma. In addition, RNA‐seq analysis of lymphoma cells from Cγ1‐Cre Spi1F/F mice showed high frequency of each monoclonal CDR3 sequence, indicating that these lymphoma cells were monoclonal tumor cells. When these B lymphoma cells were transplanted into immunodeficient recipient mice, all mice died within 3 weeks. Lentiviral‐transduced Spi1 rescued 60% of the recipient mice, suggesting that PU.1 has a tumor suppressor function in vivo. Collectively, PU.1 is a tumor suppressor in mature B cells, and decreased PU.1 results in mature B‐cell lymphoma development.
Host ANGPTL2 establishes an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and resistance to immune checkpoint therapy
Authors: Yumoto Shinsei , Horiguchi Haruki , Kadomatsu Tsuyoshi , Horino Taichi , Sato Michio , Terada Kazutoyo , Miyata Keishi , Moroishi Toshiro , Baba Hideo , Oike Yuichi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractUse of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as cancer immunotherapy has advanced rapidly in the clinic; however, mechanisms underlying resistance to ICI therapy, including impaired T cell infiltration, low immunogenicity, and tumor “immunophenotypes” governed by the host, remain unclear. We previously reported that in some cancer contexts, tumor cell‐derived angiopoietin‐like protein 2 (ANGPTL2) has tumor‐promoting functions. Here, we asked whether ANGPTL2 deficiency could enhance antitumor ICI activity in two inflammatory contexts: a murine syngeneic model of colorectal cancer and a mouse model of high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obesity. Systemic ANGPTL2 deficiency potentiated ICI efficacy in the syngeneic model, supporting an immunosuppressive role for host ANGPTL2. Relevant to the mechanism, we found that ANGPTL2 induces pro‐inflammatory cytokine production in adipose tissues, driving generation of myeloid‐derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in bone marrow and contributing to an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and resistance to ICI therapy. Moreover, HFD‐induced obese mice showed impaired responsiveness to ICI treatment, suggesting that obesity‐induced chronic inflammation facilitated by high ANGPTL2 expression blocks ICI antitumor effects. Our findings overall provide novel insight into protumor ANGPTL2 functions and illustrate the essential role of the host system in ICI responsiveness.
Comparison of various treatment modalities in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Ostrovsky Michael , Sela Tal Corina , Habot‐Wilner Zohar 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated different treatment modalities' effect on the risk of central nervous system lymphoma progression, ocular disease relapse, systemic lymphoma development and overall survival in primary vitreoretinal lymphoma patients.MethodsPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library of clinical trials were searched from inception to April 21, 2024. Cohort, cross‐sectional and case series studies were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the NIH quality assessment tools. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using Chi square test and I2 statistic. Outcomes were pooled as odds ratios (OR) using fixed‐effects models. Risk of publication bias was assessed using a funnel plot.ResultsIncluded were 28 studies with 476 participants. Ocular treatments included intravitreal methotrexate and/or rituximab injections and ocular radiotherapy. Systemic treatments included intravenous and/or intrathecal chemotherapy, whole‐brain radiotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation. Ocular treatment alone, as compared to systemic or combined treatment, resulted in significantly lower risk of central nervous system lymphoma development (OR = 0.54, p = 0.02) and in no significant difference in the risk for progression to systemic disease (OR = 0.38, p = 0.30) or in overall survival. Significantly lower risk of ocular relapse was found in patients receiving ocular or combined therapy as compared to systemic therapy alone (OR = 0.26, p = 0.001). A subgroup analysis, comparing ocular treatment alone and combined treatment, found no significant difference regarding the risk of central nervous system or systemic lymphoma progression, ocular disease relapse and overall survival.ConclusionsNo benefit was observed for the addition of systemic therapy to ocular treatment in patients with primary vitreoretinal lymphoma.
Effect of Storage Conditions and Time on the Dimensional Stability of 3D Printed Surgical Guides: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Ntovas Panagiotis , Marchand Laurent , Basir Barmak , Kudara Yukio , Revilla‐Leon Marta , Att Wael 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTPurposeTo evaluate the dimensional stability over time of additively manufactured surgical templates, fabricated by different resins, and stored by different methods.Materials and MethodsUsing a 3D printer with DLS technology and two different resins (Surgical Guide (SG)‐WhipMix and Key Guide (KG)‐KeystoneIndustries), 96 surgical guides were additively manufactured. The guides were stored in three different environments: directly exposed to sunlight (S1), in normal interior room conditions (S2), and in darkness (S3). The guides were digitally scanned immediately after fabrication and post‐processing, and after 1, 3, and 6 months of storage. For each group, the mean deviation of the root mean square (RMS) between guide's intaglio surface, as well as the axial deviation between sleeves' housings were calculated.ResultsThe mean axial variations of angular axis deviation of sleeves' housings ranged between 0.09° and 3.99°. The mean deviation of the RMS discrepancy in guide's intaglio ranged from 0.1 to 0.18 mm. Variations were significant (p < 0.001) only for the S1 group and only for SG material. After 3 months, an additional storage time of 3 months did not have any further effect on dimensional stability.ConclusionsWithin the limitations of the present study, storage time of a surgical guide for up to 3 months after manufacturing, as well as printing material can significantly affect surgical guide's dimensional stability, when they are exposed to direct or indirect sunlight conditions. Storage of guides in a dark environment is recommended in order to avoid an additional source of error in computer‐guided surgery workflows.
Fate of ileorectal anastomosis for treating Crohn's disease in the era of biologics: Results from a French retrospective multicentre cohort study
Authors: Ait Mohand Juba , Alves Arnaud , Brouquet Antoine , Germain Adeline , Bridoux Valerie , Trilling Bertrand , Buscail Etienne , Valibouze Caroline , Leroy Maxime , Desreumaux Pierre , Zerbib Philippe 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAimThe rate of surgical recurrence following ileorectal anastomosis (IRA) in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) remains poorly understood. Most studies were conducted before the advent of biologics. Our aim was to assess the fate of IRA in patients with CD during the biologics era and identify risk factors for endoscopic, clinical, and surgical recurrence.MethodsThis retrospective multicentre cohort study included patients with CD who underwent IRA between 2006 and 2022. The association of patient characteristics and postoperative measures with each type of postoperative recurrence and need for a definitive stoma was investigated using the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up period of 60 months, the rates of endoscopic, clinical, and surgical postoperative recurrence were 70%, 59%, and 35%, respectively. The rate of perianal lesions was higher in patients who underwent a definitive stoma (70% vs. 35%, p = 0.007) and with endoscopic (50% vs. 25%, p = 0.038), clinical (54% vs. 24%, p = 0.006), and surgical (63% vs. 34%, p = 0.015) recurrence. The incidence of residual microscopic disease at the rectal margin was higher in patients with endoscopic recurrence (p = 0.047). Biologics were identified as protective factors against the need for a definitive stoma (p = 0.044).ConclusionIRA is a good treatment option for extensive colitis in patients with CD. However, its consideration should be weighed in the presence of perianal lesions, which have been shown to be a risk factor for delayed proctectomy.
Limb dominance does not have a meaningful impact on arterial occlusion pressure
Authors: Yamada Yujiro , Hammert William B. , Kataoka Ryo , Song Jun Seob , Kang Anna , Loenneke Jeremy P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntroductionLimb dominancy has been suggested, by some, to influence arterial occlusion pressure (AOP). However, we hypothesized that the differences in AOP between the dominant and nondominant legs were more likely explained by differences in cuff position.AimsTo determine the impact of limb dominance, composition, and cuff position on AOP in the context of error associated with measuring AOP twice on the same leg.MethodsFifty‐eight adults (30 males) volunteered to have AOP measured on their dominant legs with the cuff bladder covering their inner thighs and on their nondominant legs with the bladder covering their inner and outer thighs (in random order). Thigh circumference and muscle and fat thicknesses were also measured on each leg.ResultsWe found evidence for differences in AOP between legs [median δ of −0.222, 95% credible interval: (−0.429, −0.016)] when the cuff position was matched. The mean difference was −2.8 mmHg, and the 95% limit of agreement in a Bland–Altman plot was −24.8 to 19.0 mmHg. When plotting this alongside an error range (i.e., 95% limits of agreement) of taking the same measurement twice from our previous study (Spitz et al., 2020), 52 out of 58 measurements were within the error range. This difference was not due to the cuff position. Additionally, there was no evidence that thigh circumference or composition (muscle/fat thickness) moderated any difference between limbs.ConclusionThe difference in AOP between limbs is small and is mostly indistinguishable from the difference observed from taking the measurement twice on the same limb.