bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Food insecurity and maternal–child nutritional status in Mexico: cross-sectional analysis of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2012
Authors: Shamah-Levy Teresa , Mundo-Rosas Verónica , Morales-Ruan Carmen , Cuevas-Nasu Lucia , Méndez-Gómez-Humarán Ignacio , Pérez-Escamilla Rafael 
Published: August 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the association between household food insecurity (HFI) and risk of childhood stunting and to determine whether this association is modified by maternal–child overweight/obesity.DesignObservational cross-sectional study.SettingData come from the Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey (ENSANUT 2012by its initials in Spanish), representative of rural and urban areas.ParticipantsOur study sample included 5087 mother–preschool child pairs and 7181 mother–schoolchild pairs.Main outcome measuresDifferences in the prevalence (95% CI) of each HFI category by socioeconomic characteristics and maternal–child nutritional status were estimated. A logistic regression model was conducted for stunting and overweight among preschool children and for stunting and overweight/obesity among schoolchildren, adjusting for pertinent covariates. HFI was measured according to the Latin American and Caribbean Food Security Scale (ELCSA by its initials in Spanish). Weight and recumbent lenght or height measures were obtained from children. Overweight and obesity in women were determined according to the WHO Growth Reference Charts. The following covariates were included: sex of the child. urbanicity (urban/rural), region of residence and maternal education. Benefiting from food assistance programmes and socioeconomic status index were also included. Results were expressed as adjusted ORs.ResultsStunting proved more prevalent in preschool children with moderate or severe HFI (16.2% and 16.8%, respectively) (p=0.036 and p=0.007, respectively) than in their counterparts with mild or no HFI (13.2% and 10.7%, respectively). Furthermore, the interaction between HFI and maternal obesity had a significant impact on stunting in preschool children (p<0.05). Severe HFI increased risk of stunting in children with non-obese mothers but not in those with obese mothers.ConclusionWe have discovered a new relationship between HFI and maternal obesity on the one hand and risk of childhood stunting on the other hand. This may reflect a shared mechanism involving dual forms of malnutrition.
Prevalence and prescription patterns of oral glucocorticoids in adults: a retrospective cross-sectional and cohort analysis in France
Authors: Bénard-Laribière Anne , Pariente Antoine , Pambrun Elodie , Bégaud Bernard , Fardet Laurence , Noize Pernelle 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesTo study trends in use of oral glucocorticoids (GCs) among adults, characteristics of oral GC initiators and prescriptions for the prevention of potential adverse effects associated with GC therapy.DesignFirst, a cross-sectional study repeated yearly was performed from 2007 to 2014 in a nationwide representative sample. Second, characteristics of initiators and patterns of GC therapy during the year following treatment initiation were described in a cohort of patients who began GC between 2007 and 2013.SettingPopulation-based study using data from the French reimbursement healthcare system (covering approximately 90% of the population) in patients aged ≥18 years.ResultsOver the study period, the prevalence of oral GC use ranged from 14.7% to 17.1% (95% CI 17.0%–17.2%) with a significant increase of 14.1% (95% CI +13.5% to +14.8%). The 2007–2013 cohort of oral GC initiators comprised 206 759 individuals. Oral GC use was mostly short-term (68% of unique reimbursement) and more than half of short-term users took concurrent antibiotics or respiratory/otological drugs. Chronic users (≥6 reimbursements/year) represented 1.8% (n=3789) of the cohort. The proportion of chronic users with comorbidities likely to be worsened by GC use (diabetes, psychotic disorders, osteoporosis) was 25%. Among patients at increased risk of osteoporosis, 62% received specific prevention/monitoring measures and only 27% had a bisphosphonate. Half of chronic oral GC users had a concurrent reimbursement of a proton pump inhibitor in the absence of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use.ConclusionsOral GC use was highly widespread and increased among adults from 2007 to 2014. The overwhelming short-term use could mainly concern a growing use of unjustified prescriptions rather than situations with a favourable benefit/risk ratio. For chronic users, our findings plead for the development of interventions designed to improve monitoring with regard to the frequent comorbidities at risk and inappropriate prescribing of preventive therapeutic measures.
Comparison of a ‘freeze-all’ strategy including GnRH agonist trigger versus a ‘fresh transfer’ strategy including hCG trigger in assisted reproductive technology (ART): a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Authors: Stormlund Sacha , Løssl Kristine , Zedeler Anne , Bogstad Jeanette , Prætorius Lisbeth , Nielsen Henriette Svarre , Bungum Mona , Skouby Sven O. , Mikkelsen Anne Lis , Andersen Anders Nyboe , Bergh Christina , Humaidan Peter , Pinborg Anja 
Published: August 2017

IntroductionPregnancy rates after frozen embryo transfer (FET) have improved in recent years and are now approaching or even exceeding those obtained after fresh embryo transfer. This is partly due to improved laboratory techniques, but may also be caused by a more physiological hormonal and endometrial environment in FET cycles. Furthermore, the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is practically eliminated in segmentation cycles followed by FET and the use of natural cycles in FETs may be beneficial for the postimplantational conditions of fetal development. However, a freeze-all strategy is not yet implemented as standard care due to limitations of large randomised trials showing a benefit of such a strategy. Thus, there is a need to test the concept against standard care in a randomised controlled design. This study aims to compare ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates between a freeze-all strategy with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist triggering versus human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) trigger and fresh embryo transfer in a multicentre randomised controlled trial.Methods and analysisMulticentre randomised, controlled, double-blinded trial of women undergoing assisted reproductive technology treatment including 424 normo-ovulatory women aged 18–39 years from Denmark and Sweden. Participants will be randomised (1:1) to either (1) GnRH agonist trigger and single vitrified-warmed blastocyst transfer in a subsequent hCG triggered natural menstrual cycle or (2) hCG trigger and single blastocyst transfer in the fresh (stimulated) cycle. The primary endpoint is to compare ongoing pregnancy rates per randomised patient in the two treatment groups after the first single blastocyst transfer.Ethics and disseminationThe study will be performed in accordance with the ethical principles in the Helsinki Declaration. The study is approved by the Scientific Ethical Committees in Denmark and Sweden. The results of the study will be publically disseminated.Trial registration numberNCT02746562; Pre-results.
Research protocol on early palliative care in patients with acute leukaemia after one relapse
Authors: Barbaret Cécile , Berthiller Julien , Schott Pethelaz Anne-Marie , Michallet Mauricette , Salles Gilles , Sanchez Stéphane , Filbet Marilène 
Published: August 2017

ObjectivesAccording to the American Society of Clinical Oncology palliative care referrals are made within the last 3 weeks of patients’ lives and most frequently when oncological treatments have ceased especially for patients with haematological malignancies. Recent publications indicate that patients with acute leukaemia are prone to symptoms, an indication for which a close collaboration between the patient’s haematologist and a palliative care team might result in improved symptom management. The object of this pilot study is to evaluate the feasibility of a clinical research trial to assess the effect of early palliative care in patients with acute leukaemia after one relapse.MethodsThis project is a multicentre, non-blinded, randomised, controlled trial. Patients in group 1 will receive standard haematological care associated with palliative care (intervention group). Patients in group 2 will receive standard haematological care with palliative care only if requested by the haematologist (control group). In order to measure an accurate sample size, patients who participate will complete a standardised questionnaire to assess their quality of life, as well as their psychological and physical symptoms, before being randomised to one of two groups in a 1:1 ratio without stratified randomisation.ResultsThe aim of this study is to analyse causes of dropout, non-adherence and missing data in order to refine the protocol for the subsequent clinical research trial.ConclusionThe ultimate objective of this project is to develop collaboration between haematologists and palliative care teams in order to improve patients’ quality of life.
Calculation of theP–Tphase diagram of nitrogen using a mean field model
Authors: Enginer Y. , Algul G. , Yurtseven H. 
Published: August 2017

The P–T phase diagram is calculated at low and moderate pressures by obtaining the phase line equations for the transitions considered in nitrogen using the Landau phenomenological model. For some transitions, a quadratic coupling between the order parameters is taken into account in the expansion of free energies in terms of the order parameters. A quadratic function in T and P is fitted to the experimental P–T data from the literature and the fitted parameters are determined.It is shown that the model studied here describes the observed data adequately, which can also be used to predict the thermodynamic properties of the phases of the molecular nitrogen within the temperatures and pressures of the P–T phase diagram of this system.
Oncogenic KRAS and p53 Loss Drive Gastric Tumorigenesis in Mice That Can Be Attenuated by E-Cadherin Expression
Authors: Till Jacob E. , Yoon Changhwan , Kim Bang-Jin , Roby Kerry , Addai Prince , Jonokuchi Evan , Tang Laura H. , Yoon Sam S. , Ryeom Sandra 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide, but no models exist to readily investigate distant metastases that are mainly responsible for mortality in this disease. Here we report the development of a genetically engineered mouse model of gastric adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis based on KrasG12D expression plus inactivation of E-cadherin (Cdh1) and p53 in the gastric parietal cell lineage. Intestinal and diffuse gastric tumors arise rapidly in this model that displays a median survival of 76 days. Tumors occur throughout the stomach, with metastases documented in lymph nodes, lung, and liver. Mice otherwise identical but retaining one wild-type Cdh1 allele exhibited longer survival with only 20% penetrance of invasive tumors and no apparent lung or liver metastases. Notably, increased RAS activity and downstream MAPK signaling was observed in stomachs only when E-cadherin was absent. This model offers a valuable tool to investigate gastric adenocarcinoma subtypes where RAS/MAPK pathway activation and E-cadherin attenuation are common. Cancer Res; 77(19); 5349–59. ©2017 AACR.
Androgen Receptor Variants Mediate DNA Repair after Prostate Cancer Irradiation
Authors: Yin Yi , Li Rui , Xu Kangling , Ding Sentai , Li Jeffrey , Baek GuemHee , Ramanand Susmita G. , Ding Sam , Liu Zhao , Gao Yunpeng , Kanchwala Mohammed S. , Li Xiangyi , Hutchinson Ryan , Liu Xihui , Woldu Solomon L. , Xing Chao , Desai Neil B. , Feng Felix Y. , Burma Sandeep , de Bono Johann S. , Dehm Scott M. , Mani Ram S. , Chen Benjamin P.C. , Raj Ganesh V. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) enhances the cytotoxic effects of radiotherapy. This effect is associated with weakening of the DNA damage response (DDR) normally supported by the androgen receptor. As a significant number of patients will fail combined ADT and radiotherapy, we hypothesized that DDR may be driven by androgen receptor splice variants (ARV) induced by ADT. Investigating this hypothesis, we found that ARVs increase the clonogenic survival of prostate cancer cells after irradiation in an ADT-independent manner. Notably, prostate cancer cell irradiation triggers binding of ARV to the catalytic subunit of the critical DNA repair kinase DNA-PK. Pharmacologic inhibition of DNA-PKc blocked this interaction, increased DNA damage, and elevated prostate cancer cell death after irradiation. Our findings provide a mechanistic rationale for therapeutic targeting of DNA-PK in the context of combined ADT and radiotherapy as a strategy to radiosensitize clinically localized prostate cancer. Cancer Res; 77(18); 4745–54. ©2017 AACR.
miR-432 Induces NRF2 Stabilization by Directly Targeting KEAP1
Authors: Akdemir Burak , Nakajima Yasuaki , Inazawa Johji , Inoue Jun 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
NF-E2–related factor 2 (NRF2) is a master transcriptional regulator that integrates cellular stress responses and is negatively regulated by Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (KEAP1) at the post-translational level. In human cancers, aberrantly stabilized NRF2, by the mutation of either NRF2 or KEAP1 or by the potential inhibition of autophagy, plays a vital role in tumor growth and chemoresistance through the activation of target genes. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are endogenous small noncoding RNAs that can negatively regulate gene expression by interfering with translation and/or stability of target transcripts. However, miRNA-mediated regulation of the NRF2–KEAP1 pathway under physiological conditions is poorly understood. Here, miR-432-3p positively regulates NRF2 activity through the downregulation of KEAP1 by a direct-binding mechanism to the coding region of KEAP1. Overexpression of miR-432-3p resulted in a decreased sensitivity of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cells to chemotherapy drugs including cisplatin (CDDP). Conversely, the inhibition of miR-432-3p expression by the CRISPR/Cas9 system resulted in an increased sensitivity of ESCC cells to CDDP. Furthermore, miR-432-3p was overexpressed in primary ESCC tumors (55 of 84, 65.5%) and a negative correlation between the expression level of KEAP1 and miR-432-3p in primary ESCC tumors was observed.
Implications: These findings provide novel insights into the mechanism of NRF2 stabilization in human cancers. Mol Cancer Res; 15(11); 1570–8. ©2017 AACR.
Refining Targeted Therapy Opportunities for BRAF-Mutant Melanoma
Authors: Jenkins Russell W. , Barbie David A. 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
Summary: Identifying molecular and cellular features associated with resistance to targeted BRAF/MAPK pathway inhibition may guide development of novel therapeutic approaches. Integrated, comparative analysis of genomic and functional data in sensitive and resistant cell lines unveils novel targetable regulators of resistance to MAPK pathway inhibition in melanoma. Cancer Discov; 7(8); 799–801. ©2017 AACR.
See related article by Eskiocak et al., p. 832.
Sismicidade intraplaca em Pedra Preta (RN) no período de 2013 a 2014
Authors: Costa Cristiane de Souza , Ferreira Joaquim Mendes , Lima Neto Heleno Carlos de , Bezerra Francisco Hilário Rego , Sousa Maria Osvalneide Lucena 
Published: August 2017

A atividade sísmica em Pedra Preta (RN), localizada no Nordeste do Brasil, região de maior sismicidade intraplaca do país, teve início em dezembro de 2010. Antes disso, não havia registro de sismos na área. Durante o ano de 2013 e início de 2014, a rede sismográfica de Pedra Preta registou 273 sismos locais em 3 ou mais estações. Desses eventos foram selecionados os 50 com melhor leitura dos tempos de chegada das ondas P e S, sendo determinado o modelo de velocidades (Vp/Vs = 1,72 e Vp = 5,90 km/s) e calculados os hipocentros, com o programa HYPO71. Para a determinação do mecanismo focal composto foi realizada uma nova seleção de sismos obedecendo critérios mais restritos para os hipocentros (epicentros localizados dentro da rede com resíduo médio de tempo de chegada ≤ 0,01 s, número de observações ≥ 10, erro médio na horizontal < 0,1 km, erro médio na vertical < 0,1 km), tendo sido selecionados por esses critérios 24 eventos. Os hipocentros desses sismos mostram que a falha sismogênica tem aproximadamente 3 km de extensão, com sismos de 2,3 a 5,8 km de profundidade. Os parâmetros da falha sismogênica foram obtidos pela combinação do método dos mínimos quadrados e do programa FPFIT (strike = 254º, dip = 67º e rake = -66º), caracterizando uma falha normal. Os epicentros e o mecanismo focal foram utilizados para verificar se havia ou não possível correlação com feições geológicas mapeadas na área. A conclusão é que não existem feições geológicas mapeadas que possam estar relacionadas diretamente com a atividade sísmica estudada.
Simulação estocástica aplicada a um banco de dados sintético de cobre
Authors: Takafuji Eduardo Henrique de Moraes , Rocha Marcelo Monteiro da , Ramos Gustavo Zanco , Silva Luiz Antonio Urtiga e 
Published: August 2017

Este artigo apresenta a criação de um depósito mineral sintético de cobre e a verificação de sua adequação para a avaliação de métodos geoestatísticos, uma vez que é possível comparar os resultados obtidos com os valores reais. Essa verificação foi realizada a partir da amostragem do depósito. A criação desse tipo de modelo é essencial à quantificação da qualidade de métodos geoestatísticos, na mineração isso é inviável, pois nem exaurindo a mina é possível conhecer completamente o depósito. O modelo sintético criado é baseado em um modelo de depósito mineral real mineralizado a cobre, com geologia e distribuições estatística e espacial heterogêneas. O modelo reproduz um depósito com preenchimento hidrotermal de uma falha inversa e as rochas encaixantes são meta-arenitos e folhelhos dobrados. A distribuição espacial foi criada por simulação sequencial gaussiana não condicional. A amostragem do depósito sintético foi realizada na forma de sondagens com separação entre furos de aproximadamente 40 m para norte e para leste. Os furos de sonda têm direção e mergulho de aproximadamente 270/45. A análise geoestatística e a simulação estocástica foram calculadas nessa base de dados. As comparações com relação ao modelo do depósito foram realizadas pelo confronto das estatísticas descritivas dos resultados com aquelas amostrais e também com os parâmetros estatísticos do modelo sintético, além de gráficos do tipo Q-Q para comparar as distribuições derivadas da simulação com a distribuição populacional do depósito. Concluiu-se que a criação do depósito foi satisfatória, visto que os resultados obtidos por uma técnica de simulação reconhecidamente eficiente foram coerentes.
Community-Based Intervention to Improve Cardiometabolic Targets in Patients With Stroke
Authors: Olaiya Muideen T. , Cadilhac Dominique A. , Kim Joosup , Nelson Mark R. , Srikanth Velandai K. , Gerraty Richard P. , Bladin Christopher F. , Fitzgerald Sharyn M. , Phan Thanh , Frayne Judith , Thrift Amanda G. 
Published: July 2017

Background and Purpose—
Many guidelines for secondary prevention of stroke focus on controlling cardiometabolic risk factors. We investigated the effectiveness of a management program for attaining cardiometabolic targets in survivors of stroke/transient ischemic attack.

Methods—
Randomized controlled trial of survivors of stroke/transient ischemic attack aged ≥18 years. General practices were randomized to usual care (control) or an intervention comprising specialist review of care plans and nurse education in addition to usual care. The outcome is attainment of pre-defined cardiometabolic targets based on Australian guidelines. Multivariable regression was undertaken to determine efficacy and identify factors associated with attaining targets.

Results—
Overall, 283 subjects were randomized to the intervention and 280 to controls. Although we found no between-group difference in overall cardiometabolic targets achieved at 12 months, the intervention group more often achieved control of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (odds ratio, 1.97; 95% confidence interval, 1.18–3.29) than controls. At 24 months, no between-group differences were observed. Medication adherence was ≥80% at follow-up, but uptake of lifestyle/behavioral habits was poor. Older age, being male, being married/living with partner, and having greater functional ability or a history of diabetes mellitus were associated with attaining targets.

Conclusions—
The intervention in this largely negative trial only had a detectable effect on attaining target for lipids but not for other factors at 12 months or any factor at 24 months. This limited effect may be attributable to inadequate uptake of behavioral/lifestyle interventions, highlighting the need for new or better approaches to achieve meaningful behavioral change.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: ACTRN12608000166370.
Is There a Hierarchical Relationship between Natural Prolongation and Distance in the Continental Shelf Delimitation?
Authors: Liao Xuexia 
Published: August 2017

Abstract
If a coastal State claims a continental shelf beyond 200 nautical miles (nm) that intrudes into the 200-nm limit of another State, the problem arises as to whether there is a hierarchical relationship between natural prolongation and distance, the two criteria of entitlement to the continental shelf provided by Article 76 of the un Convention on the Law of the Sea. A positive answer would mean that the continental shelf beyond 200 nm cannot encroach upon the 200-nm limit, otherwise there would be an area of overlapping entitlements which calls for maritime delimitation. This article attempts to analyse this problem from the perspectives of Article 76, relevant judicial cases, State practice, and the relationship between the regimes of the continental shelf and the Exclusive Economic Zone. It is submitted that the law is not conclusive, though a majority of coastal States tend to adopt a self-constraint approach. In addition, this problem brings further challenges to the law of maritime delimitation.