bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
THE TRANSLATION PROFESSION IN CAMEROON TODAY: FOCUS ON STATUS AND IDENTITY
Authors: Mbotake Sakwe George 
Published: September 2024

The present study identifies, describes and examines the mechanisms by which the status and identity of translators are defined and assessed in Cameroon. The study describes the current challenges of the profession and efforts towards establishing a professional status for translators in Cameroon in a bid to propose some possible solutions to improve the status quo. The data for this study were collected through in-depth interviews and questionnaires using a purposive sample of translation stakeholders in Cameroon. The study specifically solicited translators’ opinions on how they rate themselves, how they are treated in the various institutions where they work, and most especially, if there is any legal framework that defines them, their role, their rights and obligations. The study posits that the translation profession in Cameroon constitutes an entity of practice that is sufficiently stable to be identified, defined and delimited from other professions. There are, however, numerous administrative, educational, social and financial challenges facing the translation profession in Cameroon. Despite the numerous educational efforts made to enhance the professionalization of this activity in Cameroon, an analysis of legal instruments demonstrates an overwhelming lack of official commitment to improve this sector. Drawing its insight from the theory of professions of Brorström (2008), the study suggests that these inconsistencies should not be considered a serious hindrance to the development of translation in general and to the legitimate fulfilment of the translator in a bilingual Cameroon. The proposed solutions for improving the current situation have been discussed in the light of relevant literature in the domain.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0871/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI) IN ODEL PROVISIONING: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors: Rugube Talent , Maphosa Cosmas , Mthethwa-Kunene Khetsiwe Eunice , Dlamini Patience 
Published: September 2024

With the introduction of online courses and exams, technology is having a significant impact on both teaching and learning. Since distance educators are frequently early adopters of new technologies, institutions offering Open Distance e-Learning (ODeL) now provide online learning programs. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an example of a cutting-edge technology that is redefining standards for online learning. In order to improve their ODeL offerings, ODeL institutions must make use of AI, a cutting-edge technology with lots of potential. To study the role of AI in ODeL, a thorough literature review was conducted. 16 papers were selected for the final synthesis out of the 246 publications that were initially found from 2019 to 2023 based on specified inclusion and exclusion criteria.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
EFFECT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON SEVERAL LIPIDS, AMINO ACIDS, AND PEPTIDE-DERIVED HORMONES IN HEALTHY INDIVIDUALS
Authors: Vashishth Anjali , Singh Neha 
Published: September 2024

Physical activity induces many changes in the human body by increasing energy metabolism and resting energy expenditure and hormones play a major role in these changes. Hormones are chemical messengers that stimulate biochemical reactions that trigger cell activity and functions. Hormones are secreted from the glands of the endocrine system and communication between the endocrine system and nervous system regulates both internal and external changes and maintains homeostasis. Hormones are classified into lipid, amino acid, and peptide-derived hormones and they play major roles in the human body. Lipid-derived hormones perform many important functions i.e., muscle growth, neuromuscular adaptation, protein metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, gluconeogenesis, fat oxidation, salt and water homeostasis, etc. Amino acid-derived hormones also perform many important functions like vasoconstriction, thermoregulation, tissue differentiation, fight or flight response, maintaining circadian rhythm and sleep-wake cycle, etc. Peptide-derived hormones play a major role in body fluid homeostasis, regulating appetite, gluconeogenesis, glucose production, and lipid metabolism, maintaining circadian rhythm, maintaining energy balance, reducing weight gain, delaying gastric emptying, etc. Physical activity regulates hormone levels in the body to provide major benefits and enhance the health status of healthy individuals. This review will provide a brief description of all lipid, amino acid, and peptide-derived hormones that perform many important functions and how their functions are influenced by physical activity.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0019/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
POLITICAL USES OF SPORTS DURING THE GREEK CIVIL WAR: THE PERIOD AFTER THE TRUMAN DOCTRINE AND BEYOND, 1947-1949
Authors: Giannoukos Giannis , Albanidis Evangelos , Choumerianos Manolis , Laparidis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2024

During the Greek Civil War (1946-1949), the issue of political initiative was contested between the Greek urban governments, allied with the USA following the proclamation of the Truman Doctrine, and the Communist Party of Greece (CPG), supported by the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia. In this initial Cold War phase, sports were instrumentalised by the Greek government according to the developments in military operations. Three battles were pivotal for the outcome of the Civil War: the Battle of Konitsa, the Battle of Grammos, and the Battle of Mali Madi. During the first two, the government side, under the guise of social contribution through sports, aimed either at preventing the flow of citizens towards enlistment with the Democratic Army controlled by the CPG or at the ‘national-patriotic’ and anti-communist homogenization of the Greek population. In the Battle of Mali Madi, sports were used, as openly stated, to economically support the government's military efforts against the CPG.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0740/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
INVESTIGATING THE REALITY OF QUALITY OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS AT LOWER-SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN THE NORTHERN MIDLANDS OF VIETNAM
Authors: Tuan Pham Anh , Thanh To Tien 
Published: September 2024

The national strategy has identified developing, educating and training high-quality human resources meeting requirements for the 4th Industrial Revolution and international integration as one of its central missions. This study aims to determine criteria for assessing the quality of physical education teachers at lower-secondary schools in the Northern Midlands of Vietnam. Participants included 45 professors, associate professors, and PhDs in physical education at institutions of physical training and sports; 500 teachers and 100 employers and managers from lower-secondary schools in the Northern Midlands. Based on literature synthesis, an interview, and a reliability test of items in the research scale using Cronbach’s Alpha, the study identified 19 criteria for evaluating the quality of physical education teachers at lower-secondary schools in the Northern Midlands. The criteria were divided into three clusters: (1) Knowledge: 5 criteria; (2) Skills: 10 criteria; (3) Attitudes: 4 criteria. Results of the evaluation on the quality of physical education teachers at lower-secondary schools in the Northern Midlands showed that 08/19 of the criteria were deemed "Good", 05/19 were deemed "Rather", and 06 of them were deemed "Average".<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0770/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SPORTS DURING THE AXIS OCCUPATION OF GREECE: SPORTS ASSOCIATIONS’ COMPLIANCE AND RESISTANCE, 1941-1944
Authors: Giannoukos Giannis , Albanidis Evangelos , Choumerianos Manolis , Laparidis Konstantinos 
Published: September 2024

The Hellenic Association of Amateur Athletics (HAAA) and the Union of Greek Athletes (UGA) were two pivotal sports organizations in Greece. However, their actions during the German occupation of Greece were diametrically opposed. Specifically, HAAA chose to suspend its activities following the German invasion, whereas UGA initiated its actions after the famine of 1942. This dichotomy is interpreted through the lens of ideological polarization between progressivism and conservatism. The HAAA’s decision to accept the new political situation and cease its activities, in contrast to the UGA’s choice to resist and support the athletic and broader Athenian society, is analyzed in ideological terms. The Communist Party of Greece (CPG) supported the progressive ideology expressed by the UGA. Athletes recognized its contribution in contrast to the ideologically conservative HAAA.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0775/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF UPPER EXTREMITY PERFORMANCE, BONE DENSITY AND BODY COMPOSITION IN WHEELCHAIR AND ABLE-BODIED BASKETBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Berberidou Fani , Baxevani Maria , Gioras Vaios , Fekka Marina 
Published: September 2024

The study aimed to compare upper extremity reactive agility and shooting accuracy between wheelchair basketball players and able-bodied players and to investigate the correlation of these performances with physical parameters, bone density, and body composition. The sample included 18 male basketball players: eight wheelchair players (n=8, 41.7±7.6 years) and ten able-bodied players (n=10, 20.1±1.53 years). Descriptive statistics and independent samples t-tests were used for group comparisons and Pearson's correlation coefficient assessed relationships between quantitative variables. The results indicated no significant difference in shooting accuracy between wheelchair and able-bodied athletes. However, wheelchair athletes showed longer response times and appeared slower in the upper extremity agility test compared to able-bodied athletes, though this difference was not statistically significant. Variations were observed in lean body mass, total bone mineral density (BMD), and lower limb BMD, while upper limb lean mass and bone density did not show significant differences. Handgrip strength was similar between the groups, but there were no notable differences in upper extremity power (medicine ball throw) and specific power (chest pass). Key factors affecting upper agility and shooting accuracy in wheelchair basketball players included the type and degree of disability, upper extremity power, and training background. The results underscore the necessity for customized training to improve shooting accuracy and upper extremity agility in wheelchair athletes, targeting each athlete’s individual limitations and building on their strengths.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0775/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
NANOTECHNOLOGY AND HUMAN HEALTH: BIOETHICAL CHALLENGES WITHIN THE NIGERIAN CONTEXT
Authors: Etim Michael 
Published: September 2024

The contemporary world is witnessing a broad spectrum of research interests and innovations in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology. This broad spectrum of research interests and innovations has extended to the area of human health. A careful examination of the Nigerian context clearly reveals that the appropriation and the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology continue to develop exponentially and have garnered much interest, leading to innovations, especially in the area of human health. However, it is also important to indicate that the legislative structures in the country have not developed efficiently vis-à-vis the demands and the challenges raised in the appropriation and application of nanoscience and nanotechnology in the area of human health. Medical research involving the use of nanoparticles has been documented in the country. It is important to point out that medical research that is neither scientifically correct nor ethically good cannot work towards securing the fundamental goals which are at the heart of medical practice and health care, namely, beneficence, the good of the patient and the flourishing of human life. Innovations in nanoscience and nanotechnology, especially in the context of human health, present before us significant challenges. These challenges demand a methodology that is interdisciplinary. The interdisciplinary approach in bioethics and health care, in the creative interaction that takes into consideration the insights from science, technology, medicine, health care, sociology and ethics, would bring about greater promotion of human well-being and human flourishing. Research, investments, and innovations in the fields of nanoscience and nanotechnology continue to develop at a very rapid pace. There is a need to take into account the achievements, the prospects and the challenges in the application of nanoscience and nanotechnology to human health. The core issue is to pay attention to the scientific concerns, the technological concerns in the application of nanotechnology, the environmental concerns, the health concerns and the ethical concerns. The examination of the challenges within the Nigerian context indicates that there is a need for further research and innovations in the areas of nanoscience, nanotechnology and human health. It is important that such research be carried out in a scientifically correct and morally responsible manner for the promotion of the good of human persons, human health, human society, the environment and the ecosystem.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0200/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSE’S STRESSORS AND THE THREE-COMPONENT PROFESSIONAL QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Salazar Alexandra J. , Sahagun Maria Erika N. , Salayo Trisha Marie D. , Salazar Marian Rose S. , Salmon James Thomas S. , Sanchez Jane Cristel D. , Estrada Marica G. , Cruz III Enrique M. 
Published: September 2024

The three components of Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) include Compassion Satisfaction (CS), Compassion Fatigue (CF) and Burnout (BO). These affect the way nurses perceive their jobs and how they perform during their work, which, in turn, may affect the quality of care rendered to patients. In spite of the implications of ProQOL, little research has been performed in the Philippines. This descriptive correlational study aimed to determine the relationship between the frequency of exposure to stressors and the potential for developing CS, CF and BO among medical-surgical nurses in selected government hospitals in Metro Manila. The researchers utilized a three-part questionnaire: (1) Demographic profile; (2) Personal and Work-Related Stress Tool, which measured the exposure to personal and work-related stressors; and (3) Professional Quality of Life version V, which measured the potential for development of CS, CF, and BO among the nurses. The data was analyzed using Descriptive Statistics and Pearson Product Moment Correlation. The findings revealed that CS had moderately strong negative correlations with a low sense of mastery and purpose in life, inadequate knowledge and experience, and stressful nurse-patient relationships. CF, however, had moderately strong positive correlations with stress from traumatic experiences and inadequate knowledge and experience. Lastly, BO had a moderately strong positive correlation with stress from inadequate knowledge and experience.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0470/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STUDENT LOANS IN ALLEVIATING POVERTY AND ITS CONTRIBUTION TO HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT IN SIERRA LEONE
Authors: Kamara Abu Kai , Momoh Prince Lahai 
Published: September 2024

The investment in education creates present costs but brings benefits in the future, such as increased earnings, improved health, economic growth, long life, and better service delivery in the place of work. The student expenses include but are not limited to tuition fees, books, and lodging costs, which can be classified as direct costs and the opportunity cost of forgoing present leisure for expected benefits. Taking a loan from a bank requires collateral such as houses or machinery, but this is not the case with student loans; hence stringent agreement must be signed by the students showing commitments on the side of the student to honour future liabilities from future earnings as a student cannot contractually commit to handing over their future labour to a lender in exchange for upfront cash, because indentured servitude is illegal. The limitation of not providing collaterals has made it possible for governments to be the key investors if not the only investors, in student loans as private investors are reluctant to provide unsecured loans, although there have been occasional efforts to offer loans securitized by human capital, none has moved beyond a small niche market This market failure explains why governments play an essential role in lending for education in developed and developing countries, and there is remarkably little compelling evidence of the effect of student loans on educational. Higher education or tertiary education has been perceived as an essential sector that contributes to economic progress among the countries of the world. Higher education has grown rapidly in Sierra Leone. At the same time, the cost of higher education is also rising in all Tertiary Educational Institutions in Sierra Leone. Education loans or student loan schemes, as one of the sources of financing higher education, have been introduced in most countries worldwide. This paper attempts to understand the student loan schemes introduced, such as tuition fees, accommodation, and learning materials, and implemented in Sierra Leone through the government of Sierra Leone. The study concludes that the student loan procedures followed in other countries, such as the income-contingent loan (ICL) model that has been widely used around the globe and this recommendation be considered with suitable modifications for the improvement of our education loan scheme at present. In addition, future research recommendations were made.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0713/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
GENDER EMPOWERMENT AND EQUALITY IN NEPAL: CURRENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Guragain Govinda Prasad , Pokharel Saroj 
Published: September 2024

This research has explored the roles, opportunities, decision-making processes, responsibilities, and various issues related to gender and the status of women in society. It compares women with their male counterparts across several areas, including household duties, economic conditions, education, health, political engagement, and community decision-making. The main aim has been to perform a contemporary situational analysis of women’s empowerment and rural development, utilizing both primary and secondary data. The focus is on gender inequality, socio-economic factors, political involvement, and demographic trends. The main findings have highlighted that those women, in their journey towards empowerment, require substantial support from their families, communities, and the nation. They have faced significant barriers to accessing opportunities for income generation, employment, decision-making roles, property ownership, and participation in political processes. The majority of women have been primarily engaged in household duties, contributing to their lower socio-economic status. This research seeks to improve the status of women in the study area by highlighting the importance of government policies and programs that include women in development efforts. Addressing these challenges through empowerment has become crucial not only for improving women's lives but also for fostering economic development within the community and the country at large. Apart from the aforementioned suggestions, Constitutional and Legal Framework, National Plan and Policies, Quotas and Representation, Education and Health, Economic Empowerment, Combatting Gender-Based Violence, and Cultural and Social Change, Education and Awareness have been found the policies to be adopted for the gender empowerment and equality in the present condition of Nepal. Despite these policies, challenges such as patriarchal norms, economic disparities, and implementation gaps persist. Continued efforts are needed to ensure effective enforcement of laws, address cultural barriers, and achieve substantive gender equality in Nepal. Likewise, Legal and Policy Framework, Economic Empowerment, Political Participation, Healthcare and Reproductive Rights, Combat Gender-Based Violence, Media and Communication, Community Engagement and Partnerships, Data Collection and Research, and Monitoring and Evaluation have been identified as the ways of gender empowerment and equality in the present context of Nepal. Implementing these strategies requires commitment and collaboration across government, civil society, the private sector, and international partners. Achieving gender equality is a long-term endeavor that necessitates ongoing effort and investment across various sectors simultaneously.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0702/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
PREDICTORS OF NON-SPECIAL EDUCATION TEACHERS’ PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND READINESS IN HANDLING LEARNERS WITH AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER (ASD)
Authors: Lopez Marijo M. , Dela Cruz Andrian A. 
Published: September 2024

This descriptive-correlational study described the relationship between the non-special education (non-SpEd) teachers’ profile, level of professional development, and level of readiness in handling learners with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in inclusive education (IE). The study participants were 20 non-Sped teachers in the Schools Division of Abra. This study used a survey questionnaire adapted from dela Cruz (2020), Gepila (2020) and Aldabas (2020) to gather the data. Frequency, percentage distribution, mean, Pearson’s r correlation, and regression analysis were used to treat the data. Findings reveal that most of the non-SpEd teachers have master's units, are Teacher III, have 5 to 9 years of teaching experience, and have six to eight SpEd-related seminars/trainings. Likewise, the non-SpEd teachers are highly proficient (2.55) in terms of their professional development. Additionally, the study reveals that the non-SpEd teachers are slightly ready (2.00) in handling learners with ASD. Moreover, the analysis reveals a significant correlation between the teachers’ profile and professional development. Further, the study reveals that there exists a significant correlation between the teachers' readiness to handle learners with ASD in IE and their teaching position. Lastly, the analysis revealed that years in service significantly predict the teachers' professional development, while teaching position significantly predicts their readiness in IE.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0746/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>