bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Child‐caregiver Attachment Representations in a Non‐Western Context: The Feasibility and Cultural Equivalence of Story Stems in Urban Ghana
Authors: Wan Ming Wai , Danquah Adam Nyarkoh , Mahama Sheriffa 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStory stem measures are an increasingly popular method for assessing the attachment representations of young children, but little is known of their cross‐cultural applicability. This study aimed to characterise the attachment representations in 73 five‐ to eight‐year‐old children in urban Ghana, West Africa, using the Manchester Child Attachment Story Task (MCAST) to test its feasibility, psychometric characteristics and concurrent associations with caregiver‐ and teacher‐rated child behaviour, and to conduct a qualitative thematic analysis of methodological observations. Among the classifiable cases (92 percent), all attachment classifications were observed, yielding a higher rate of secure attachment than in European samples. Inter‐rater reliability, internal consistency, and internal structure were reasonable and largely similar to European studies, although one structural difference was the separation of ‘child assuagement of distress’ from other secure‐related items. MCAST narratives were associated with teacher‐ and caregiver‐rated hyperactivity, but internal consistency was low in most Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scales. Possible culturally‐sensitive explanations for our psychometric and qualitative findings are discussed. Overall, story stems are a promising tool for accessing attachment representations in non‐Western samples, although modifications are likely to improve cross‐cultural equivalence when applied to non‐Western cultures. Further investigation is needed to link MCAST outcomes to parenting and socio‐emotional development.
Alloimmunisation rates of sickle cell disease patients in the United States differ from those in other geographical regions
Authors: Zheng Y. , Maitta R. W. 
Published: May 2016

SUMMARYObjectivesComparison of the alloimmunisation rates of patients with sickle cell disease in the Unites States versus other countries.BackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) patients treated with chronic transfusion therapy are at a high risk of red blood cell (RBC) alloimmunisation.Materials and MethodsWe reviewed published literature describing alloimmunisation rates of SCD patients. Average alloimmunisation rates and number of alloantibodies per transfused patient in the United States and other countries were evaluated.ResultsTwenty‐four studies on alloimmunisation of SCD patients were found, 15 studies with 3,708 patients in the US and 9 studies with 2203 patients from other regions, including South America, the Caribbean, Middle East, Africa and Europe. The United States has a higher alloimmunisation rate (22·33 ± 0·13% versus 16·25 ± 0·35%, p < 0·0001) and a higher number of alloantibodies per transfused patient (0·45 ± 0·003 versus 0·20 ± 0·005, p < 0·0001) than other countries. Brazil with a higher proportion of multi‐ethnic donors demonstrated a lower alloimmunisation rate compared to the United States (14·60 ± 0·40% versus 22·33 ± 0·13%, p < 0·0001) and fewer alloantibodies per transfused patient (0·20 ± 0·02 versus 0·45 ± 0·003, p < 0·0001) than the United States.ConclusionSCD patients in the United States had a higher alloimmunisation rate, which could be reduced by a more ethnically diverse donor pool and a more conservative transfusion strategy in non‐critical conditions.
A resistance locus in the American heirloom rice variety Carolina Gold Select is triggered by TAL effectors with diverse predicted targets and is effective against African strains of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
Authors: Triplett Lindsay R. , Cohen Stephen P. , Heffelfinger Christopher , Schmidt Clarice L. , Huerta Alejandra I. , Tekete Cheick , Verdier Valerie , Bogdanove Adam J. , Leach Jan E. 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThe rice pathogens Xanthomonas oryzae pathovar (pv.) oryzae and pv. oryzicola produce numerous transcription activator‐like (TAL) effectors that increase bacterial virulence by activating expression of host susceptibility genes. Rice resistance mechanisms against TAL effectors include polymorphisms that prevent effector binding to susceptibility gene promoters, or that allow effector activation of resistance genes. This study identifies, in the heirloom variety Carolina Gold Select, a third mechanism of rice resistance involving TAL effectors. This resistance manifests through strong suppression of disease development in response to diverse TAL effectors from both X. oryzae pathovars. The resistance can be triggered by an effector with only 3.5 central repeats, is independent of the composition of the repeat variable di‐residues that determine TAL effector binding specificity, and is independent of the transcriptional activation domain. We determined that the resistance is conferred by a single dominant locus, designated Xo1, that maps to a 1.09 Mbp fragment on chromosome 4. The Xo1 interval also confers complete resistance to the strains in the African clade of X. oryzae pv. oryzicola, representing the first dominant resistance locus against bacterial leaf streak in rice. The strong phenotypic similarity between the TAL effector‐triggered resistance conferred by Xo1 and that conferred by the tomato resistance gene Bs4 suggests that monocots and dicots share an ancient or convergently evolved mechanism to recognize analogous TAL effector epitopes.
The Skill Structure of Export Wage Premium: Evidence from Chinese Matched Employer–Employee Data
Authors: Dai Mi , Xu Jianwei 
Published: May 2016

AbstractWe study how the wage gap between exporting and non‐exporting firms (export wage premium) differs across skill groups, using unique matched employer–employee data from China. We find robust evidence that exporters pay relatively higher wages than non‐exporters to more educated workers. The differences in export wage premium across education groups are sizable. Further investigations show that the positive correlation between export wage premium and education is more pronounced in sectors with higher scope for quality differentiation. This is consistent with the theory that exporters produce relatively higher quality goods which require relatively higher quality skilled workers.
The Flint Animal Cancer Center (FACC) Canine Tumour Cell Line Panel: a resource for veterinary drug discovery, comparative oncology and translational medicine
Authors: Fowles J. S. , Dailey D. D. , Gustafson D. L. , Thamm D. H. , Duval D. L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMammalian cell tissue culture has been a critical tool leading to our current understanding of cancer including many aspects of cellular transformation, growth and response to therapies. The current use of large panels of cell lines with associated phenotypic and genotypic information now allows for informatics approaches and in silico screens to rapidly test hypotheses based on simple as well as complex relationships. Current cell line panels with large amounts of associated drug sensitivity and genomics data are comprised of human cancer cell lines (i.e. NCI60 and GDSC). There is increased recognition of the contribution of canine cancer to comparative cancer research as a spontaneous large animal model with application in basic and translational studies. We have assembled a panel of canine cancer cell lines to facilitate studies in canine cancer and report here phenotypic and genotypic data associated with these cells.
Dealing with Dead Ends
Authors: Roos Stefanie , Strufe Thorsten 
Published: May 2016

Darknets, membership-concealing peer-to-peer networks, suffer from high message delivery delays due to insufficient routing strategies. They form topologies restricted to a subgraph of the social network of their users by limiting connections to peers with a mutual trust relationship in real life. Whereas centralized, highly successful social networking services entail a privacy loss of their users, Darknets at higher performance represent an optimal private and censorship-resistant communication substrate for social applications.
Decentralized routing so far has been analyzed under the assumption that the network resembles a perfect lattice structure. Freenet, currently the only widely used Darknet, attempts to approximate this structure by embedding the social graph into a metric space. Considering the resulting distortion, the common greedy routing algorithm is adapted to account for local optima. Yet the impact of the adaptation has not been adequately analyzed.

We thus suggest a model integrating inaccuracies in the embedding. In the context of this model, we show that the Freenet routing algorithm cannot achieve polylog performance. Consequently, we design
NextBestOnce
, a provable poylog algorithm based only on information about neighbors. Furthermore, we show that the routing length of
NextBestOnce
is further decreased by more than a constant factor if neighbor-of-neighbor information is included in the decision process.
Mortgage indebtedness and home repossessions as symptoms of the financialisation of housing provisioning in Spain
Authors: Sabaté Irene 
Published: May 2016

This paper addresses a particular aspect of financialisation: how mortgages taken out by ordinary people in order to become home owners have been the object of securitisation processes, that is to say, have been used by banking institutions to issue financial derivatives that are then sold to investors. Despite taking place on the abstract arena of financial markets, this process has crucial consequences for people's livelihoods, as it is anchored on a material resource: housing. The world of finance has thus an impact on the satisfaction of a basic human need. Drawing on an ethnographic research among those affected by home repossessions in Spain, it will be examined 1) how financialisation has a direct impact on the lives of mortgage borrowers, especially as they face economic hardship, and 2) how ‘folk’ understandings of financial products, and the practical knowledge associated to it, are challenging expert discourses, while claiming for the restoration of moral principles under financial capitalism.
The One-Dimensional Dynamic Dispatch Waves Problem
Authors: Klapp Mathias A. , Erera Alan L. , Toriello Alejandro 
Published: May 2016

We study same-day delivery systems by formulating the dynamic dispatch waves problem (DDWP), which models a depot where delivery requests arrive dynamically throughout a service day. At any dispatch epoch (wave), the information available to the decision maker is (1) a set of known, open requests that remain unfulfilled, and (2) a set of potential requests that may arrive later in the service day. At each wave, the decision maker decides whether or not to dispatch a vehicle, and if so, which subset of open requests to serve, with the objective of minimizing expected vehicle operating costs and penalties for unserved requests. We consider the DDWP with a single delivery vehicle and request destinations on a line, where vehicle operating times and costs depend only on the distance between points. We propose an efficient dynamic programming approach for the deterministic variant, and leverage it to design an optimal a priori policy with predetermined routes for the stochastic case. We then show that fully dynamic policies may perform arbitrarily better than a priori ones, and propose heuristics and dual bounds for this case. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2016.0682 .
Verification hybrid control of a wheeled mobile robot and
manipulator
Authors: Muszynska Magdalena , Burghardt Andrzej , Kurc Krzysztof , Szybicki Dariusz 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In this article, innovative approaches to realization
of the wheeled mobile robots and manipulator
tracking are presented. Conceptions include application
of the neural-fuzzy systems to compensation of the controlled
system’s nonlinearities in the tracking control task.
Proposed control algorithms work on-line, contain structure,
that adapt to the changeable work conditions of the
controlled systems, and do not require the preliminary
learning. The algorithm was verification on the real object
which was a Scorbot - ER 4pc robotic manipulator and a
Pioneer - 2DX mobile robot.
Common best proximity pairs in strictly convex Banach spaces
Authors: Gabeleh Moosa 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
A mapping

T
:

A
∪
B

→

A
∪
B

{T\colon A\cup B\to A\cup B}

such that

T
⁢

(
A
)

⊆
A

{T(A)\subseteq A}

and

T
⁢

(
B
)

⊆
B

{T(B)\subseteq B}

is called a noncyclic mapping, where A and B are two nonempty subsets of a Banach space X.
A best proximity pair

(
p
,
q
)

∈

A
×
B

{(p,q)\in A\times B}

for such a mapping T is a point such that

p
=

T
⁢
p

,

q
=

T
⁢
q

{p=Tp,q=Tq}

and

∥

p
-
q

∥

=

dist
⁡

(
A
,
B
)

{\|p-q\|=\operatorname{dist}(A,B)}

. In the current paper, we establish some existence results of best proximity pairs in strictly convex Banach spaces. The presented theorems improve and extend some recent results in the literature. We also obtain a generalized version of Markov–Kakutani’s theorem for best proximity pairs in a strictly convex Banach space setting.
The deal.II Library, Version 8.4
Authors: Bangerth Wolfgang , Davydov Denis , Heister Timo , Heltai Luca , Kanschat Guido , Kronbichler Martin , Maier Matthias , Turcksin Bruno , Wells David 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThis paper provides an overview of the new features of the finite element library deal.II version 8.4.
What Makes Law to Change Behavior? An Experimental Study
Authors: Romaniuc Rustam 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe use of mild laws to affect people’s behavior is pervasive – from environmental regulation to tort law – but little is known about how the law changes human behavior and social outcomes when it uses non-deterrent monetary incentives. We find that when low monetary incentives are framed so as to indicate what is group desirable behavior, people behave more cooperatively in a public goods game than when no-incentives exist. However, we find that the effect is transitory. Surprisingly, the effect is long lasting when low monetary incentives are presented as payments for some neutral behavior – that is, when the fine is presented as a mere price change. Our findings suggest that the indication of what is group desirable behavior makes salient the conflict between people’s normative expectations and what others effectively do. This undermines conditional cooperators’ own motivation to contribute to public goods. Neutrally framed price-incentives have a long lasting positive effect on contribution decisions because it does not indicate what one should do and thus avoids the conflict with what others effectively do.
The loss of the Old Spanish –udo participle as seen in the Alfonso X corpus
Authors: Hart Sarah 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
The –udo past participle, once common for second conjugation verbs in Castilian Spanish, disappeared completely by the fifteenth century, having been replaced by the –ido participle form of the third conjugation. In this study, I consider several of the factors proposed to have contributed to the sudden disuse of –udo by analyzing participle use in a corpus from the thirteenth century, which coincided with the height of the variation between the old form in –udo and the new one in –ido. Through the use of this corpus, titled Prose Works of Alfonso X el Sabio (Gago Jover 2011, Prose works of Alfonso X el Sabio, Digital library of Old Spanish texts. Hispanic Seminary of Medieval Studies. Retrieved from http://www.hispanicseminary.org/t&c/ac/index-en.htm, accessed 29 September 2012), I show that not all verbs of this time period were affected by the change in the same way. That is to say that certain verbs significantly favored either the form in –udo or that in –ido within these texts. I also analyze patterns of participle use within each text of the corpus demonstrating that certain texts showed significantly more –udo forms while others showed significantly more –ido ones. I conclude this study by showing that within a group of linguistically similar texts, stronger relationships between verb type and participle use appear.
Subject-verb order variation with unaccusative verbs of change of location in Mexico and Southern Arizona
Authors: Llompart Miquel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe subjects of unaccusative verbs of change of location (e. g.,llegar, venir) may appear in pre-verbal and post-verbal position. However, most syntactic accounts of word order in Spanish suggest that VS is the canonical order for these verbs. This claim has been supported by some experimental data, but further insight on the mechanisms underlying this particular instance of variation can still be gained from its study from a variationist, corpus-based perspective. We investigate the SV-VS alternation in the spontaneous oral discourse of two populations, monolingual Spanish speakers from Mexico City and Spanish-English bilingual speakers from Southern Arizona. Multivariate analyses reveal that the informative load of the subject, the animacy of the subject, verbal tense and aspect, and the presence or absence of an initial modifier, in this order, condition word order selection. The results also show that bilingual speakers from Southern Arizona are less flexible than monolinguals speakers in assigning word order to unaccusative verbs of change of location when the subject does not introduce new information, favoring SV almost categorically. A possible cause for this dissimilar behavior is the influence of English, where unaccusative verbs tend to appear pre-verbally, on the Spanish of these bilinguals.
Plicosepalin A, a new antioxidant catechin–gallic acid derivative of inositol from the mistletoe Plicosepalus curviflorus
Authors: Badr Jihan M. , Ibrahim Sabrin R.M. , Abou-Hussein Dina R. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Phytochemical investigation of the semi-parasitic plant, Plicosepalus curviflorus (Loranthaceae) growing in Saudi Arabia resulted in the isolation of a new catechin–gallic acid derivative of inositol, plicosepalin A (1) [(+) catechin-4′-O-(1″-O-galloyl-5″-O-methyl)-myo-inositol], along with seven known compounds: methyl gallate (2), catechin (3), quercetin (4), gallic acid (5), lupeol (6), β-sitosterol (7), and ursolic acid (8). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses, including HRESIMS, ESIMS, 1H and 13C NMR, HSQC, and HMBC, as well as comparison with reported data. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of 1 were evaluated using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and the disc diffusion assay, respectively. Compound 1 exhibited potent free radical scavenging activity with an IC50 value of 9.0 ± 0.27 μM. Moreover, significant activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were recorded.
Rapid Antigen Testing for Trichomoniasis in an Emergency Department
Authors: Postenrieder Nikki R. , Reed Jennifer L. , Hesse Elizabeth , Kahn Jessica A. , Ding Lili , Gaydos Charlotte A. , Rompalo Anne , Widdice Lea E. 
Published: May 2016

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Trichomoniasis is a prevalent cause of vaginitis among adolescents that increases the risk of acquiring other sexually transmitted diseases and of negative pregnancy outcomes. Treatment of trichomoniasis is therefore essential for improving sexual and reproductive health outcomes. A timely, sensitive diagnostic test for T vaginalis may increase the accuracy of clinician’s treatment decisions, resulting in more infected women receiving treatment and fewer uninfected women receiving treatment.

METHODS:
This study was a retrospective observational assessment of electronic medical records before and after point-of-care (POC) implementation of the rapid antigen test. Records were collected from women aged 14 to 20 years who received a T vaginalis test in the emergency department during either study period. The main outcome measures were rates of accurate treatment, inaccurate treatment, and missed treatment of trichomoniasis in each study period.

RESULTS:
Overall rates of accurate treatment increased from 78.7% pre-POC to 87.7% post-POC (P = .02). Specifically, rates of not treating uninfected women increased from 61.4% pre-POC to 70.4% post-POC (P = .06), and rates of treating infected women were the same pre-POC (17.3%) and post-POC (17.3%; P = .99). Rates of inaccurate treatment decreased from 23.1% pre-POC to 13.1% post-POC (P = .02). Changes in missed treatment rates (14.0% pre-POC; 8.8% post-POC; P = .73) were not statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS:
POC testing can improve clinical care by decreasing the use of antibiotics in uninfected women. The results of this study support the use of a T vaginalis rapid antigen POC test for adolescents presenting to the emergency department.
Comparison of clipping and coiling in elderly patients with unruptured cerebral aneurysms
Authors: Bekelis Kimon , Gottlieb Daniel J. , Su Yin , O'Malley A. James , Labropoulos Nicos , Goodney Philip , Lawton Michael T. , MacKenzie Todd A. 
Published: May 2016

OBJECTIVE
The comparative effectiveness of the 2 treatment options—surgical clipping and endovascular coiling—for unruptured cerebral aneurysms remains an issue of debate and has not been studied in clinical trials. The authors investigated the association between treatment method for unruptured cerebral aneurysms and outcomes in elderly patients.

METHODS
The authors performed a cohort study of 100% of Medicare fee-for-service claims data for elderly patients who had treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms between 2007 and 2012. To control for measured confounding, the authors used propensity score conditioning and inverse probability weighting with mixed effects to account for clustering at the level of the hospital referral region (HRR). An instrumental variable (regional rates of coiling) analysis was used to control for unmeasured confounding and to create pseudo-randomization on the treatment method.

RESULTS
During the study period, 8705 patients underwent treatment for unruptured cerebral aneurysms and met the study inclusion criteria. Of these patients, 2585 (29.7%) had surgical clipping and 6120 (70.3%) had endovascular coiling. Instrumental variable analysis demonstrated no difference between coiling and clipping in 1-year postoperative mortality (OR 1.25, 95% CI 0.68–2.31) or 90-day readmission rate (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.66–1.62). However, clipping was associated with a greater likelihood of discharge to rehabilitation (OR 6.39, 95% CI 3.85–10.59) and 3.6 days longer length of stay (LOS; 95% CI 2.90–4.71). The same associations were present in propensity score–adjusted and inverse probability–weighted models.

CONCLUSIONS
In a cohort of Medicare patients, there was no difference in mortality and the readmission rate between clipping and coiling of unruptured cerebral aneurysms. Clipping was associated with a higher rate of discharge to a rehabilitation facility and a longer LOS.