bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Late Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic in Crimea (Ukraine)—A Review of the Neanderthal Refugium Hypothesis
Authors: Pigott E. M. , Uthmeier T. , Chabai V. , Higham T. F. G. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Crimean Peninsula contains numerous important Palaeolithic sites. It has been considered a potential Neanderthal refugium in Eurasia prior to their disappearance or assimilation, and subsequent replacement by Homo sapiens. This understanding is primarily drawn from lithic technological analysis and radiocarbon dating. However, recent developments in the latter suggest that many of the previously obtained radiocarbon dates from Crimean sites may be too young. The chronological sequence from the site of Kabazi II is a case in point, where differences between dates of bulk collagen and those of single amino acids range up to 10,000 radiocarbon years. These discrepancies are argued to arise from sample contamination and its lack of removal in bulk collagen dating. In this paper, we undertake a critical re-evaluation of results from seven Palaeolithic archaeological sites in the Crimean Peninsula: Kabazi II, Siuren I, Buran-Kaya III, Zaskalnaya V and Zaskalnaya VI, Kabazi V and Starosel’e. Our analysis of radiocarbon results from various sites supports the view that radiocarbon dates obtained so far tend to be too young, which has been indicated in the stratigraphy and lithic assemblages. By harnessing robust radiocarbon protocols in future chronometric work, such as the extraction of hydroxyproline, ninhydrin derivatisation or the purification of amino acids using XAD-2 resin, there is potential for constructing accurate chronologies. Furthermore, improved dating accuracy holds the promise of significant additional insights into the prehistoric sequence of the Crimean Peninsula and its potential role as a refugium for Neanderthals prior to their disappearance.
The application of immunonutrition in patients with cancer: current status and future perspectives
Authors: Liu Yudi , Li Fangqi , Hu Jifan , Cui Jiuwei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractImmunonutrition (IN) is defined as using special nutritional substrates (immnonutrients) to regulate the nutritional status as well as immune and inflammatory functions. Patients with cancer often have chronic inflammation and impaired immune function due to the disease and its treatment, affecting the quality of life of patients and the outcome of cancer treatment. Malnutrition, metabolic abnormalities, immune imbalances and inflammatory responses permeate the entire process of tumor development and progression. Therefore, IN has its great potential in the treatment of cancer patients. Although there has been a large body of evidence, the application of IN in cancer patients meets the challenge, such as the optimal administration time, application population, ingredients of IN, and the dosage and ratio of application etc. Besides, new studies with better designed are emerging. The aim of this review is to summarize recent evidences in IN in patients with cancer, and to guide the clinical application.
The Politics of Outrage: Violence, Policing, and the Archive in Colonial Ireland
Authors: Sprenger Nicholas 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDuring the nineteenth century in Ireland, agents of the colonial state like the police, along with the administrators that they served, forged an association between political motivations and Irish agrarian violence. They did so not only through the policing of Irish violence, but through the methods used by the colonial state to categorize, process, record, and archive it. Central to this endeavor was the category of “outrage.” Using this category, the Irish Constabulary created a record that impressed an association between Irish violence or criminality and political resistance. Because the British colonial state had control over the production of the archive, it also dictated the metanarratives present in this “archive of outrages” that gave form and function to the colonial state's fears that Irish violence represented a budding insurrection or a desire to fracture the Union. By perpetuating this logic in document and archival form, Dublin Castle (the seat of the British government's administration of Ireland) helped create the very demon that it sought to exorcise—that of Irish nationalist action and sentiment.
PALEO TSUNAMIS AND STORM SURGES RECORDED BY FOSSIL CORAL ON YAKUSHIMA ISLAND, JAPAN
Authors: Lloyd Sabrina G , Yokoyama Yusuke , Aze Takahiro , Miyairi Yosuke , Abe Kohei , Echigo Tomoo 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTYakushima is a small, mountainous island off southern Kyushu, Japan. Its proximity to active volcanos and subduction zones leaves Yakushima vulnerable to large megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis, in addition to powerful typhoons and storm surges. These hazardous events deposit beach boulders: large rocks moved above sea-level by powerful waves. By radiocarbon dating the fossilized coral within these boulders, one can derive age estimates of the hazard events. Reliably estimating the magnitude and timing of geological events in the historical record is vital for future hazard prediction and mitigation. In this study, we estimated the deposition age of ten boulders on the north coast of Yakushima to infer potential paleo tsunamis and storm surges. We found that large wave events have occurred frequently throughout the Holocene. Based on the boulders’ ages, we identified four potential deposition events at 1986–2692 cal yr BP, 3522–4075 cal yr BP, 4773–5232 cal yr BP, and 6187–6638 cal yr BP. These deposits are likely a result of storm surges, or tsunamis from nearby volcanic activity or subduction earthquakes. Another set of boulders dated to 5125–5738 cal yr BP were likely exposed due to a decline in sea-level following the Holocene high sea-level stand. Further modelling could determine the wave height necessary to move the boulders and distinguish between storm and tsunami deposits. This is especially pertinent given the high frequency of coastal geohazards, and the likelihood of similar hazards impacting southeast Japan in the future.
EXPERIMENTAL CONDITIONS FOR 14C GRAPHITE PREPARATION AT THE GXNU LAB, CHINA
Authors: Shen Hongtao , Chen Dingxiong , Wang Li , Li Zhaomei , Tang Junsen , Zhang Guofeng , Qi Linjie , Wu Kaiyong , Han Xinyi , Ouyang He , He Yun , Wang Ning , Sun Xiaojun , He Ming , Sasa Kimikazu , Jiang Shan 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTAs a required sample preparation method for 14C graphite, the Zn-Fe reduction method has been widely used in various laboratories. However, there is still insufficient research to improve the efficiency of graphite synthesis, reduce modern carbon contamination, and test other condition methodologies at Guangxi Normal University (GXNU). In this work, the experimental parameters, such as the reduction temperature, reaction time, reagent dose, Fe powder pretreatment, and other factors, in the Zn-Fe flame sealing reduction method for 14C graphite samples were explored and determined. The background induced by the sample preparation process was (2.06 ± 0.55) × 10–15, while the 12C– beam current were better than 40μA. The results provide essential instructions for preparing 14C graphite of ∼1 mg at the GXNU lab and technical support for the development of 14C dating and tracing, contributing to biology and environmental science.
FIRST δ13C RESULTS WITH A NEW CONNECTION BETWEEN THE EA-IRMS SYSTEM AND THE GAS INJECTION SYSTEM AT COLOGNEAMS
Authors: Gwozdz Martina , Stolz Alexander , Jaeschke Andrea , Heinze Stefan , Mörchen Ramona , Dewald Alfred , Rethemeyer Janet , Mücher Dennis , Schiffer Markus 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTThis work presents the integration of an elemental analyzer (EA) and an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) into the 6 MV AMS system at the Institute for Nuclear Physics, University of Cologne. The AMS measurement of δ13C values for IAEA-C6 reference material resulted in –11.39(226)‰, compared to –10.28(32)‰ obtained by IRMS. The EA-IRMS system was also tested with IAEA-C3, IAEA-C5, and IAEA-C7 reference materials, yielding –24.79(9), –25.18(15), and –14.76(18)‰ respectively. Compared to the IAEA information values given as –24.91(49), –25.49(72) and –14.48(21)‰ respectively. To investigate an observed sample mass dependency, environmental samples from Spitzbergen were examined, showing δ13C values of –25.17(55), –25.80(31), and –26.17‰ in Cologne, while Hamburg recorded –24.8(1), –25.5(1), and –26.2(13)‰. In summary, this new setup could enable online analysis and quasi-simultaneous measurements of 14C, δ13C, and δ15N for ultra-small samples, utilizing precise δ13C values from IRMS for fractionation correction of the 14C/14C isotopic ratio.
14C MICROSAMPLE ANALYSIS WITH ECHoMICADAS FACILITIES: CURRENT STATE OF PLAY
Authors: Thil François , Tisnérat-Laborde Nadine , Hatté Christine , Kader Elias , Noury Claude , Paterne Martine , Phouybanhdyt Brian , Wacker Lukas 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn 2015, a new accelerator mass spectrometry facility (AMS), the ECHoMICADAS (Environnement, Climat, Homme, MIni CArbon DAting System), was installed in the Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement (LSCE). Equipped with a hybrid source, it allows the analysis of solid or gas samples for 14C measurement. Here, we summarize the equipment surrounding the Gas Interface System (GIS), namely the elemental analyzer (EA), the carbonate handling system (CHS2) and the ampoule cracker. We describe our model of sample contamination, taking into account the cross and the constant contaminations, and then describe how these contaminations were handled in the data processing. Both contaminant corrections are applied before the phases of blank subtraction and standard normalization, making it possible to use the standard, blank and sample ratios without contaminant during these phases. We finally present our results on normalization standards (N=118), blanks (N=125) and reference materials (N=117) for different measurement protocols and for sample masses between 3 and 300 µgC.
‘They will be like a person with a disease’: a qualitative investigation of variation in contraceptive side-effect experiences in Central Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Stevens Rose , Gurmu Eshetu , Negash Ametelber , Ewart Elizabeth , Alvergne Alexandra 
Published: September 2024

AbstractContraceptive side effects are consistently given as the main reason why women are dissatisfied with contraception or choose not to use it. However, why some women suffer more from side effects remains unknown. Through inductive analysis of in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with 40 contraceptive users and 3 key informants in Central Oromia, Ethiopia, we explored women’s rationales for variation in side-effect experiences. The data first reveal the wide diversity in type and severity of side-effect experiences reported by users of contraception. Second, we found that women’s rationales for why some individuals suffer more side effects from contraception invoke economic and physical hardship (food insecurity and heavy workloads), as well as interindividual differences in biology (one’s blood must ‘fit’ with contraception). Finally, the analysis revealed the tension many women face in trying to negotiate the trade-off between the consequences of these side effects and those of an unwanted pregnancy. The results show the value of using a biosocial approach, which centres women’s voices and experiences, for informing the measurement of contraceptive side effects within population health surveys and clinical trials. Additionally, the findings help gain an understanding of how an individual’s social, biological, and cultural contexts drive variation in when and why different side effects manifest.
Integrating molecular and morphological evidence revives the blubber jellyfish, Catostylus purpurus (Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae; Catostylidae) of the Indo-Pacific (Philippines)
Authors: Boco Sheldon Rey , Capidos Christine Gloria Grace , Morandini André C. , Harrison G. William M. , Bakker Piet A. J. , Talacay Dennis , Collins Allen G. , Comendador Joseph , Hacking Sue Muller , van Dorp Karen , Ramos Dino Angelo , Geraldino Paul John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Jellyfishes have ecological and societal value, but our understanding of taxonomic identity of many jellyfish species remains limited. Here, an approach integrating morphological and molecular (16S ribosomal RNA and cytochrome oxidase I) data enables taxonomic assessment of the blubber jellyfish found in the Philippines. In this study, we aimed to resolve doubt on the taxonomy of Acromitoides purpurus, a valid binomen at the time of our research. Our morphological findings confirm that this jellyfish belongs to the genus Catostylus, and is distinct from known species of the genus inhabiting the Western Pacific, such as Catostylus ouwensi, Catostylus townsendi, and Catostylus mosaicus. Detailed morphological and molecular analyses of the type specimens from the Philippines with the other Catostylus species revive the binomen Catostylus purpurus and invalidate A. purpurus. Genetic analysis also distinguishes this Philippine jellyfish from C. townsendi and C. mosaicus. Through this study, we arranged several Catostylidae taxa into species inquirendae (Catostylus tripterus, Catostylus turgescens, and Acromitoides stiphropterus) and one genus inquirenda (Acromitoides) and provided an identification key for species of Catostylus. This comprehensive study confirms the blubber jellyfish as C. purpurus, enriching our understanding of jellyfish biodiversity. The integration of morphological and genetic analyses proves vital in resolving taxonomic ambiguities within the Catostylidae family and in the accurate identification of scyphozoan jellyfishes.
First record of the exotic Eualetes tulipa from Bahia State, Brazil, co-occurring with Tubastraea corals (Scleractinia, Dendrophylliidae)
Authors: Alves Jessika , Serra Saulo , Johnsson Rodrigo , Neves Elizabeth 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Extending over warmer environments in the Brazilian waters, the exotic vermetid Eualetes tulipa was first recorded from Ceará State (3°S) in 2005. In 2009, it was reported in cold-water environments in Rio de Janeiro State (22°S). Seven years later, E. tulipa was recorded from Rio Grande do Norte State (6°S) on rocky pools in sandstone reefs. In the present study, E. tulipa is for the first time recorded from Bahia State (12°S), associated with a biofouling community in the Todos-os-Santos Bay, co-occurring with exotic dendrophylliid corals (Tubastraea). The vermetid community recorded from Bahia State shows a great diversity of epibionts, mostly bivalves, cirripeds and sponges. The co-occurrence of Eualetes and Tubastraea corals must be monitored, once these exotic species are co-occurring in a protected environmental area, bringing concern on possible impacts on native benthic fauna.
Meanings of disrupted everyday (im)mobilities in later life: running daily errands before and during the pandemic
Authors: Luoma-Halkola Henna 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis study contributes to an emerging body of research that combines new mobilities and gerontological perspectives. Most previous studies on older adults’ mobilities have analysed data collected at a single point in time and there is a need for studies that explore the meanings of movement and non-movement over time, especially in relation to unexpected life events. This work explores the meanings of older adults’ abruptly changing everyday (im)mobilities before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. It draws from qualitative interviews conducted with 11 older adults in a Finnish suburb in autumn 2019 and spring 2020, and focuses on grocery shopping, which most of the participants did themselves before the pandemic, but not during it. The findings provide insight into how meanings of everyday (im)mobilities are formed as older individuals (re)negotiate their relationships with their changing places of ageing. The participants’ views of their disrupted everyday mobilities were shaped by active person–place engagements. On one hand, the findings highlight that individuals are not at the mercy of their circumstances; they possess agency that can enable maintaining a sense of self and independence even in restricted mobility situations. On the other hand, the findings reveal relationalities that explain why sudden mobility loss often leads to diminished wellbeing. The relational nature of the meanings of (im)mobility implies that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to supporting older adults who face mobility difficulties while ageing in their homes. It is crucial to recognise the diversity of older adults and to support their individual lifestyles.
Optimizing soft robot design and tracking with and without evolutionary computation: an intensive survey
Authors: Stroppa Fabio , Majeed Fatimah Jabbar , Batiya Jana , Baran Eray , Sarac Mine 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoft robotic devices are designed for applications such as exploration, manipulation, search and rescue, medical surgery, rehabilitation, and assistance. Due to their complex kinematics, various and often hard-to-define degrees of freedom, and nonlinear properties of their material, designing and operating these devices can be quite challenging. Using tools such as optimization methods can improve the efficiency of these devices and help roboticists manufacture the robots they need. In this work, we present an extensive and systematic literature search on the optimization methods used for the mechanical design of soft robots, particularly focusing on literature exploiting evolutionary computation (EC). We completed the search in the IEEE, ACM, Springer, SAGE, Elsevier, MDPI, Scholar, and Scopus databases between 2009 and 2024 using the keywords “soft robot,” “design,” and “optimization.” We categorized our findings in terms of the type of soft robot (i.e., bio-inspired, cable-driven, continuum, fluid-driven, gripper, manipulator, modular), its application (exploration, manipulation, surgery), the optimization metrics (topology, force, locomotion, kinematics, sensors, and energy), and the optimization method (categorized as EC or non-EC methods). After providing a road map of our findings in the state of the art, we offer our observations concerning the implementation of the optimization methods and their advantages. We then conclude our paper with suggestions for future research.
Linked orbits of homeomorphisms of the plane and Gambaudo–Kolev Theorem
Authors: BOROŃSKI J. P. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractLet
$h : \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2$
be an orientation preserving homeomorphism of the plane. For any bounded orbit
$\mathcal{O}(x)=\{h^n(x):n\in\mathbb{Z}\}$
there exists a fixed point
$p\in\mathbb{R}^2$
of h linked to
$\mathcal{O}(x)$
in the sense of Gambaudo: one cannot find a Jordan curve
$C\subseteq\mathbb{R}^2$
around
$\mathcal{O}(x)$
, separating it from p, that is isotopic to h(C) in
$\mathbb{R}^2\setminus\left(\mathcal{O}(x)\cup\{p\}\right)$
.
Federal Aid to Women and Children: The Children’s Bureau, the Social Security Act, and Political Development Victories and Failures
Authors: Sullivan Kathleen S. , Nackenoff Carol 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe Social Security Act of 1935 and its 1939 amendments included federal programs for maternal and infant welfare, child welfare services, and Aid to Dependent Children (ADC). Inclusion of these programs is largely owing to women reformers’ long advocacy for public assistance to families in need. The Social Security Act nationalized aspects of the program championed by the Children’s Bureau, itself a product of women’s civic organization and institution building. These advances laid the ground for crucial components of the contemporary American welfare state, which included surveillance and intrusion into the lives of ADC families and the perpetuation of a system of subnational administration that reproduced racial inequality. Yet critics of these female reformers have not fully considered the institutional constraints they faced and the policy transformations they did not control. This article considers the policy achievement of maternalists in terms of its policy failures by considering the bureaucratic struggles of female reformers once they reached access to federal policymaking, culminating in the Committee on Economic Security that led to the Social Security Act. We consider the strategies from a place of both access and marginalization as they jockeyed for bureaucratic territory with others with different claims to expertise.
Witnessing flows in arithmetic
Authors: Akbar Tabatabai Amirhossein 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOne of the elegant achievements in the history of proof theory is the characterization of the provably total recursive functions of an arithmetical theory by its proof-theoretic ordinal as a way to measure the time complexity of the functions. Unfortunately, the machinery is not sufficiently fine-grained to be applicable on the weak theories, on the one hand and to capture the bounded functions with bounded definitions of strong theories, on the other. In this paper, we develop such a machinery to address the bounded theorems of both strong and weak theories of arithmetic. In the first part, we provide a refined version of ordinal analysis to capture the feasibly definable and bounded functions that are provably total in
$\textrm{PA}+\bigcup _{\beta \prec \alpha } \textrm{TI}({\prec_{\beta}})$
, the extension of Peano arithmetic by transfinite induction up to the ordinals below
$\alpha$
. Roughly speaking, we identify the functions as the ones that are computable by a sequence of
$\textrm{PV}$
-provable polynomial time modifications on an initial polynomial time value, where the computational steps are indexed by the ordinals below
$\alpha$
, decreasing by the modifications. In the second part, and choosing
$l \leq k$
, we use similar technique to capture the functions with bounded definitions in the theory
$T^k_2$
(resp.
$S^k_2$
) as the functions computable by exponentially (resp. polynomially) long sequence of
$\textrm{PV}_{k-l +1}$
-provable reductions between
$l$
-turn games starting with an explicit
$\textrm{PV}_{k-l +1}$
-provable winning strategy for the first game.
Neural tuning for Chinese characters in adult Chinese L2 learners: evidence from an ERP study
Authors: Song Bingbing , Jiang Xin , Maurer Urs , Li Su 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Neural tuning for visual words is essential for fluent reading across various scripts. This study investigated the emergence and development of N170 tuning for Chinese characters and its cognitive–linguistic correlates. Electroencephalogram data from 48 adult L2 learners and 23 native Chinese readers were collected using a color detection task. The N170 for real characters, pseudo-characters, false characters, stroke combinations and line drawings were recorded. We found beginner adult L2 learners showed larger N170 Chinese characters compared to stroke combinations (coarse neural tuning). The intermediate-level L2 Chinese learners demonstrated fine-tuning for Chinese orthographic regularities. Importantly, a clear shift from bilateral to left-lateralized coarse and fine-tuning for print was observed from beginner to intermediate L2 learners as their Chinese reading experience increased. Moreover, individual differences in neural print tuning moderately correlated with word-reading fluency, Chinese vocabulary knowledge and morphological awareness.
PARITY OF CONJUGATE SELF-DUAL REPRESENTATIONS OF INNER FORMS OF
$\operatorname { {GL}}_n$
OVER p-ADIC FIELDS
Authors: Takanashi Yugo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe prove a general formula that relates the parity of the Langlands parameter of a conjugate self-dual discrete series representation of
$\operatorname { {GL}}_n$
to the parity of its Jacquet-Langlands image. It gives a generalization of a partial result by Mieda concerning the case of invariant
$1/n$
and supercuspidal representations. It also gives a variation of the result on the self-dual case by Prasad and Ramakrishnan.