bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tropicalité : métaphoricité littérale et échange interculturel
Authors: Courbot Léo 
Published: April 2017

Un vaste corpus critique et littéraire dont les composantes formulent autant de théories de l'échange interculturel existe déjà, mais des limites significatives décelées au sein des concepts qui les composent ont souvent affaibli leur pérennité critique.
En partant de ces théories et d'oeuvres littéraires transnationales issues de la Caraïbe anglophone, cette présentation propose d'explorer comment les métaphores peuvent se lier aux déplacements géographiques de populations et de cultures pour proposer une désignation nouvelle – la tropicalité, métaphore joignant les tropiques et leur traversée aux tropes – des travaux artistiques et critiques interculturels concernés et de leur éthique de l'échange interculturel.
New Cytotoxic Alkylated Chalcones from Fatoua villosa
Authors: Su Shi‐Yun , Xue Jing‐Jing , Yang Guang‐Yu , Lei Chun , Hou Ai‐Jun 
Published: April 2017

Three new alkylated chalcones, villosins A – C (1 – 3), five known analogues, together with ten known coumarins, were isolated from Fatoua villosa. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including 1D‐, 2D‐NMR, and MS data. Compounds 1 – 3 showed cytotoxicity against five kinds of human tumor cell lines (NB4, A549, SHSY5Y, PC3, and MCF7) with IC50 values ranging from 1.4 ± 0.1 to 5.7 ± 0.3 μm.
Deep brain stimulation in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and medial forebrain bundle in a patient with major depressive disorder and anorexia nervosa
Authors: Blomstedt Patric , Naesström Matilda , Bodlund Owe 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageDeep brain stimulation (DBS) may be considered in severe cases of therapy‐refractory major depressive disorder (MDD). However, DBS for MDD is still an experimental therapy. Therefore, it should only be administered in clinical studies driven by multidisciplinary teams, including surgeons with substantial experience of DBS in the treatment of other conditions.
Severe neutrophilic leukocytosis as a progression marker in granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor‐producing squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus
Authors: Yamaguchi Shun , Kanetaka Kengo , Kobayashi Shinichiro , Nagata Yasuhiro , Kinosita Naoe , Fukuoka Junya , Murakami Shunsuke , Fujita Fumihiko , Takatsuki Mitsuhisa , Eguchi Susumu 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageThere are very few reports of esophageal carcinoma producing granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF). G‐CSF‐producing esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is an extremely aggressive carcinoma. Leukocyte counts, neutrophil counts, and serum C‐reactive protein levels may be markers of its progression.
Explicit Frost‐Kalkwarf type equations for calculation of vapour pressure of liquids from triple to critical point by the Adomian decomposition method
Authors: Fatoorehchi Hooman , Rach Randolph , Sakhaeinia Hossein 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe general form of explicit, analytical solution of the Frost‐Kalkwarf equation was developed for the first time by means of the Adomian decomposition method as a reliable mathematical tool. The accuracy of the obtained formulas was further improved by applying the diagonal Padé approximants. We have demonstrated that our developed formulas are at least 30 times faster than the original Frost‐Kalkwarf equation in computation of vapour pressures and are highly accurate with an overall absolute relative deviation of 2.25 % for 88 different substances over 26 400 experimental data points from triple to critical point temperatures. As another unique advantage, our formulas avoid any divergent behaviour in using iterative methods unlike the implicit Frost‐Kalkwarf equation. Based on the conducted statistical analyses, our formulas have excellent predictability of vapour pressure values with a probability of 90.33 % for absolute relative errors of less than 5 %.
Quantifying long‐term plant community dynamics with movement models: implications for ecological resilience
Authors: Bagchi Sumanta , Singh Navinder J. , Briske David D. , Bestelmeyer Brandon T. , McClaran Mitchel P. , Murthy Karthik 
Published: April 2017

AbstractQuantification of rates and patterns of community dynamics is central for understanding the organization and function of ecosystems. These insights may support a greater empirical understanding of ecological resilience, and the application of resilience concepts toward ecosystem management. Distinct types of dynamics in natural communities can be used to interpret and apply resilience concepts, but quantitative methods that can systematically distinguish among them are needed. We develop a quantitative method to analyze long‐term records of plant community dynamics using principles of movement ecology. We analyzed dissimilarity of species composition through time with linear and nonlinear statistical models to assign community change to four classes of movement trajectories. Compositional change in each sampled plot through time was classified into four classes, stability, abrupt nonlinear change, transient reversible change, and gradual linear drift, each representing a different aspect of ecological resilience. These competing models were evaluated based on estimated coefficients, goodness of fit, and parsimony. We tested our method's accuracy and robustness through simulations, or the ability to distinguish among trajectories and classify them correctly. We simulated 16,000 trajectories of four types, of which 94–100% were correctly classified. Next, we analyzed 13 long‐term vegetation records from North American grasslands (annual grasslands with warm‐season and cool‐season communities, shortgrass, mixedgrass, and tallgrass prairies, and sagebrush steppe), and a record of primary succession at Mt. St. Helens volcano. Collectively, we analyzed 14,647 observations from 775 plots, between 1915 and 2012. Dynamics could be reliably assigned for 705 plots (91%), and overall statistical fit was high (goodness of fit, 0.77 ± 0.15 SD). Among the perennial grasslands, stability was most common (44% of all plots), followed by gradual linear (22%), abrupt nonlinear (17%), and reversible (6%) change. Among annual grasslands, abrupt nonlinear shifts (33%) were more common in the warm‐season community than in the cool‐season (20%). As expected, abrupt nonlinear change was common during primary succession (51%) while reversible change was rare (3%). Generally, reversible dynamics often required 2–3 decades. Analysis of long‐term community change, or trajectories, with principles of movement ecology provides a quantitative basis to compare and interpret ecological resilience within and among ecosystems.
Macroevolution of thermal tolerance in intertidal crabs from Neotropical provinces: A phylogenetic comparative evaluation of critical limits
Authors: Faria Samuel C. , Faleiros Rogério O. , Brayner Fábio A. , Alves Luiz C. , Bianchini Adalto , Romero Carolina , Buranelli Raquel C. , Mantelatto Fernando L. , McNamara John C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThermal tolerance underpins most biogeographical patterns in ectothermic animals. Macroevolutionary patterns of thermal limits have been historically evaluated, but a role for the phylogenetic component in physiological variation has been neglected. Three marine zoogeographical provinces are recognized throughout the Neotropical region based on mean seawater temperature (Tm): the Brazilian (Tm = 26 °C), Argentinian (Tm = 15 °C), and Magellanic (Tm = 9 °C) provinces. Microhabitat temperature (MHT) was measured, and the upper (UL50) and lower (LL50) critical thermal limits were established for 12 eubrachyuran crab species from intertidal zones within these three provinces. A molecular phylogenetic analysis was performed by maximum likelihood using the 16S mitochondrial gene, also considering other representative species to enable comparative evaluations. We tested for: (1) phylogenetic pattern ofMHT,UL50, andLL50; (2) effect of zoogeographical province on the evolution of both limits; and (3) evolutionary correlation betweenMHTand thermal limits.MHTandUL50showed strong phylogenetic signal at the species level whileLL50was unrelated to phylogeny, suggesting a more plastic evolution. Province seems to have affected the evolution of thermal tolerance, and onlyUL50was dependent onMHT.UL50was similar between the two northern provinces compared to the southernmost whileLL50differed markedly among provinces. Apparently, critical limits are subject to different environmental pressures and thus manifest unique evolutionary histories. An asymmetrical macroevolutionary scenario for eubrachyuran thermal tolerance seems likely, as the critical thermal limits are differentially inherited and environmentally driven.
Security areas for elk during archery and rifle hunting seasons
Authors: Ranglack Dustin H. , Proffitt Kelly M. , Canfield Jodie E. , Gude Justin A. , Rotella Jay , Garrott Robert A. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTFall elk (Cervus canadensis) habitat management on public lands provides security areas for reasonable elk survival and hunter opportunity. The management focus of maintaining or improving security areas, combined with conservative harvest regulations, may explain why some elk populations have increased in the western United States. However, in areas that include lands that restrict public hunter access, elk may alter their space use patterns during the hunting season by increasing use of areas that restrict public hunter access rather than using security areas on adjacent public lands. We used global positioning system location data from 325 adult female elk in 9 southwest Montana populations to determine resource selection during the archery and rifle hunting seasons. We found that during the archery season, in order of decreasing strength of selection, elk selected for areas that restricted access to public hunters, had greater time‐integrated normalized difference vegetation index values, had higher canopy cover, were farther from motorized routes, and had lower hunter effort. During the rifle season, in order of decreasing strength of selection, elk selected for areas that restricted access to public hunters, were farther from motorized routes, had higher canopy cover, and had higher hunter effort. Interactions among several covariates revealed dependencies in elk resource selection patterns. Further, cross‐population analyses revealed increased elk avoidance of motorized routes with increasing hunter effort during both the archery and rifle hunting seasons. We recommend managing for areas with ≥13% canopy cover that are ≥2,760 m from motorized routes, and identifying and managing for areas of high nutritional resources within these areas to create security areas on public lands during archery season. During the rifle season, we recommend managing for areas with ≥9% canopy cover that are ≥1,535 m from motorized routes, and are ≥20.23 km2. Lastly, given increased elk avoidance of motorized routes with higher hunter effort, we recommend that to maintain elk on public lands, managers consider increasing the amount of security in areas that receive high hunter effort, or hunting seasons that limit hunter effort in areas of high motorized route densities. © 2017 The Authors.Journal of Wildlife ManagementPublished by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Teaching mid‐urethral sling surgery to residents: Impact on operative time and postoperative outcomes
Authors: Sharif‐Afshar Ali‐Reza , Wood Lauren N. , Bresee Catherine , Souders Colby P. , Gross Bruno S. , Shkolyar Eugene , Anger Jennifer T. , Eilber Karyn S. 
Published: April 2017

AimsThe purpose of this study was to determine the impact of resident teaching on outcomes of mid‐urethral sling surgery.MethodsA retrospective review of female patients who underwent an outpatient transobturator (TOT) synthetic mid‐urethral sling procedure with and without concomitant prolapse repair by two surgeons (JA, KE) in a tertiary female pelvic medicine practice was performed. Total procedure time (TPT = time from incision to closure including sling placement and any prolapse procedure), estimated blood loss (EBL), and postoperative complications including urinary retention, mesh exposure, reoperation, vaginal bleeding, and leg pain were compared between cases with and without the presence of a resident.ResultsOne hundred thirty‐four women underwent an outpatient transobturator sling procedure. Fifty‐seven patients (43%) had a concomitant prolapse procedure. A resident was present at 57% (76/134) of cases. The average observed TPT (±SEM) was 60.6 ± 3.1 min when a resident was present and 46.6 ± 2.5 min when a resident was not present (P = 0.001). However, residents were more likely to be present when concomitant procedures were performed (P = 0.003). After adjusting for this, the presence of a resident increased TPT by an estimated 7.9 ± 2.5 min (P = 0.002). There was no statistical difference in EBL or postoperative complications.ConclusionsResident participation in transobturator sling procedures resulted in a statistically significant, although clinically small, increase in operative time and had no significant impact on EBL or postoperative complications.
3D‐electron microscopic characterization of interstitial cells in the human bladder upper lamina propria
Authors: Neuhaus Jochen , Schröppel Birgit , Dass Martin , Zimmermann Hans , Wolburg Hartwig , Fallier‐Becker Petra , Gevaert Thomas , Burkhardt Claus J. , Do Hoang Minh , Stolzenburg Jens‐Uwe 
Published: April 2017

AimsTo explore the ultrastructure of interstitial cells in the upper lamina propria of the human bladder, to describe the spatial relationships and to investigate cell‐cell contacts.MethodsFocused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB‐SEM), 3‐View SEM and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to analyze the 3D ultrastructure of the upper lamina propria in male and female human bladders.Results3View‐SEM image stacks as large as 59 × 59 × 17 μm3 (xyz) at a resolution of 16 × 16 × 50 nm3 and high resolution (5 × 5 × 10 nm3) FIB‐SEM stacks could be analyzed. Interstitial cells with myoid differentiation (mIC) and fibroblast like interstitial cells (fIC) were the major cell types in the upper lamina propria. The flat, sheet‐like ICs were oriented strictly parallel to the urothelium. No spindle shaped cells were present. We furthermore identified one branched cell (bIC) with several processes contacting urothelial cells by penetrating the basal membrane. This cell did not make any contacts to other ICs within the upper lamina propria. We found no evidence for the occurrence of telocytes in the upper lamina propria.ConclusionsComprehensive 3D‐ultrastructural analysis of the human bladder confirmed distinct subtypes of interstitial cells. We provide evidence for a foremost unknown direct connection between a branched interstitial cell and urothelial cells of which the functional role has still to be elucidated. 3D‐ultrastructure analyses at high resolution are needed to further define the subpopulations of lamina propria cells and cell‐cell interactions.
Protecting young children against skin cancer: Parental beliefs, roles, and regret
Authors: Hamilton Kyra , Kirkpatrick Aaron , Rebar Amanda , White Katherine M. , Hagger Martin S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine the role of parental beliefs, roles, and anticipated regret toward performing childhood sun‐protective behaviours.MethodsParents (N = 230; 174 mothers, 56 fathers), recruited using a nonrandom convenience sample, of at least 1 child aged between 2 and 5 years completed an initial questionnaire assessing demographics and past behaviour as well as theory of planned behaviour global (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioural control) and belief‐based (behavioural, normative, and control beliefs) measures, role construction, and anticipated regret regarding their intention and behaviour to protect their child from the sun. Two weeks later, participants completed a follow‐up questionnaire assessing their sun protection of their child during the previous 2 weeks.ResultsHierarchical multiple regression analysis identified attitude, perceived behavioural control, role construction, anticipated regret, past behaviour, and a normative belief (“current partner/other family members”) as significant predictors of parents' intention to participate in sun‐protective behaviour for their child. Intention and past behaviour were significant predictors of parents' follow‐up sun‐protective behaviour. The regression models explained 64% and 36% of the variance in intention and behaviour, respectively.ConclusionsThe findings of this study highlight the importance of anticipated regret and role‐related beliefs alongside personal, normative, and control beliefs in determining parents' intentional sun‐protective behaviour for their children. Findings may inform the development of parent‐ and community‐based sun protection intervention programs to promote parents' sun‐safety behaviours for their children to prevent future skin cancer incidence.
Changes of soil organic and inorganic carbon in relation to grassland degradation in Northern Tibet
Authors: Liu Shuli , Tang Yanhong , Zhang Fawei , Du Yangong , Lin Li , Li Yikang , Guo Xiaowei , Li Qian , Cao Guangmin 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe effect of livestock grazing on grassland degradation and the resulting impact on soil carbon concentration is an important factor in carbon estimation. We addressed this issue using field observations and laboratory analysis of samples from Tibetan grassland. Based on the field measurements, we investigated the soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil inorganic carbon (SIC) under two contrasting degradation states: lightly or non‐degraded grasslands (LDG) and heavily degraded grasslands (HDG). We assessed their relationships with environmental factors using data collected from 99 sites across Northern Tibet during 2011–2012. Data were analyzed using a linear mixed‐effects model and one‐way ANOVA. The results showed that: (1) SOC concentration decreased and SIC concentration increased following grassland degradation, especially at soil depths in the range of 0–10 cm (P < 0.05); (2) the major environmental factors affecting SOC and SIC were soil pH and plant biomass; (3) spatially, the SOC density increased with the mean annual temperature and mean annual precipitation, whereas SIC exhibited the opposite trend; (4) the SOC density increased at first and then decreased with increasing grazing intensity, with an opposite trend in SIC; and (5) soil carbon storage in this region was 0.14 Pg smaller in the HDG than in the LDG. This study suggests that grassland degradation can significantly affect the vertical distribution and storage of SOC and SIC. The carbon sequestration capacity of the top 100 cm of soil in Northern Tibet was estimated as 0.14 Pg.
Rates and predictive factors of return to the emergency department following an initial release by the emergency department for acute heart failure
Authors: Claret Pierre-Géraud , Calder Lisa A. , Stiell Ian G. , Yan Justin W. , Clement Catherine M. , Borgundvaag Bjug , Forster Alan J. , Perry Jeffrey J. , Rowe Brian H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectivesFollowing release by emergency department (ED) for acute heart failure (AHF), returns to ED represent important adverse health outcomes. The objective of this study was to document relapse events and factors associated with return to ED in the 14-day period following release by ED for patients with AHF.MethodsThe primary outcome was the number of return to ED for patients who were release by ED after the initial visit, for any related medical problem within 14 days of this initial ED visit.ResultsReturn visits to the EDs occurred in 166 (20%) patients. Of all patients who returned to ED within the 14-day period, 77 (47%) were secondarily admitted to the hospital. The following factors were associated with return visits to ED: past medical history of percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft (aOR=1.51; 95% CIs [1.01-2.24]), current use of antiarrhythmics medications (1.96 [1.05-3.55]), heart rate above 80 /min (1.89 [1.28-2.80]), systolic blood pressure below 140 mm Hg (1.67[1.14-2.47]), oxygen saturation (SaO2) above 96% (1.58 [1.08-2.31]), troponin above the upper reference limit of normal (1.68 [1.15-2.45]), and chest X-ray with pleural effusion (1.52 [1.04-2.23]).ConclusionsMany heart failure patients (i.e. 1 in 5 patients) are released from the ED and then suffer return to ED. Patients with multiple medical comorbidities, and those with abnormal initial vital signs are at increased risk for return to ED and should be identified.
Implementing mhGAP training to strengthen existing services for an internally displaced population in Pakistan
Authors: Humayun A. , Haq I. , Khan F. R. , Azad N. , Khan M. M. , Weissbecker I. 
Published: April 2017

Background.In 2014, over a million people were internally displaced after the launch of a military operation in North Waziristan, a tribal region on Pakistan's side of the Durand Line. Despite security concerns and restrictions, a collaborative mental health and psychosocial support initiative was undertaken in the district of Bannu. Monthly mental health camps were conducted for a period of 6 months by a multidisciplinary mental health team. The initiative also helped to assess mental health needs and plan training for primary care staff to strengthen existing resources.Methods.As part of this initiative, Mental Health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) training was conducted for physicians and psychosocial staff in the affected district. This marked the first instance of implementing these guidelines in Pakistan following a humanitarian crisis. This paper describes the training process including the adaptation of the mhGAP curriculum, training of trainers, training workshops for primary care staff and an analysis of results of pre- and post-testing of their knowledge about common mental disorders using a 25-item questionnaire.Results.The gaps in knowledge of primary care physicians in recognizing and managing common mental disorders were clearly identified. The mean pre- and post-test scores of the participants were 15.43, 62% (p value 0.000, s.d. 4.05) and 19.48, 78% (p value 0.000, s.d. 3.13) respectively, which showed significant improvement.Conclusions.Despite the challenges of a humanitarian crisis, mhGAP guidelines can be successfully implemented to train primary care physicians in in low- and middle-income countries such as Pakistan. However, the dearth of primary care resources can hinder the complete integration of mental health services into primary healthcare.
Women’s Legal Agency and Property in the Court Records of Late Nineteenth-Century Brava
Authors: Kapteijns Lidwien , Vianello Alessandra 
Published: April 2017

Abstract:Drawing on the Islamic court records of Brava, a small Indian Ocean port city on the southern Benadir coast of Somalia, dating from the period 1893–1900, this essay analyzes the legal agency and economic roles of the women of Brava and sheds new light on social (especially family) relations in this town. The qāḍī’s court records give evidence of married women’s fully recognized (even if qualified) legal personhood and their full-fledged financial and economic agency. The free, married women of Brava of this period contributed fully and autonomously to the economic endeavors of their families and also interacted with non-related businessmen in and beyond Brava. They also had the legal and social capacity to defend their interests in court and to get a fair hearing in accordance with the law. Given that both Somali women’s history and East African legal history suffer from a scarcity of concrete evidence for this time-period, the aspects of everyday life in Brava that come into view in the town’s qāḍī’s court records are of great interest.