bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preparation of nano‐encapsulated polyethylene wax particles for color toner by in situ emulsion polymerization
Authors: Zang Yao , Ye Mingquan , Han Aijun , Ding Yongyue 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTPolystyrene‐acrylate resin coated polyethylene (PE) wax composite particles used for color toner were prepared by in situ emulsion polymerization. The laser particle analyzer and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were applied to show the size and morphology of composite particles, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was used to characterize the thermal properties of the nanoparticles. With the increase of emulsifier triton x‐100 (TX‐100), the size of composite particles decreased at first and then increased and the shell thickness increased gradually. When the mass ratio of TX‐100 to monomers was 1:10, the core–shell structure of the latex particles was the clearest. The homopolymer of styrene (St) and copolymer of styrene‐butyl acrylate (St‐BA) showed few differences on the size of the composite particles, but a significant difference on the thermal performance. The FTIR spectra and dissolution experiments of PE wax/P(St‐BA) composite particles provided supporting evidence for encapsulation. With the increasing percentage of polyethylene wax, the particles size got larger and emulsion shelf stability became worse. The size and the shelf stability got optimized when the reaction temperature was 80 °C. The average size of the particles initiated by 2,2‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was smaller and the size distribution was narrower than those of initiated by potassium persulfate (KPS). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44399.
The side effects of UV light stabilizer on properties of polypropylene based composite tape yarn
Authors: Petrulis Donatas , Petravicius Arturas , Petrulyte Salvinija 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTInitial consuming properties of polypropylene (PP) based composite tape yarns having different portions of ultraviolet (UV) light stabilizer are studied. In many cases, the samples with different portions of UV light stabilizer exhibit changes at level of initial properties, that is, the statistically significant side effects are obtained. When portion of the additive increases, the initial values of width, thickness and linear density of the modified samples are found to be reduced. The additions of UV light stabilizer also generate the statistically significant changes for the most tensile characteristics. The linear and second order polynomial equations are suggested to show the side effects on the properties. Some visual changes in morphology, that is, the differences in smoothness of the surfaces of the samples are also noticed. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44400.
Turn‐On Colorimetric Platform for Dual Activity Detection of Acid and Alkaline Phosphatase in Human Whole Blood
Authors: Hu Qiong , Zhou Baojing , Li Feng , Kong Jinming , Zhang Xueji 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe activity detection of acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is of great importance to the diagnosis and prognosis of related diseases. In this work, we report for the first time a turn‐on colorimetric platform for the activity detection of ACP and ALP, by exploiting Cu(BCDS)22− (BCDS=bathocuproinedisulfonate) as the probe. The presence of ACP or ALP dephosphorylates the substrate ascorbic acid 2‐phosphate to produce ascorbic acid, which then reduces Cu(BCDS)22− into Cu(BCDS)23−, leading to a turn‐on spectral absorption at 484 nm and a dramatic color change of the solution from colorless to orange‐red. The underlying metal‐to‐ligand charge‐transfer mechanism has been demonstrated by quantum mechanical computations. This platform allows a rapid, sensitive readout of ACP and ALP activities within the dynamic range from 0 to 220 mU ml−1. In addition, it is highly immune to false‐positive results and also highly selective. More importantly, it is applicable in the presence of human serum and even whole blood samples. These results demonstrate that our platform holds great potential in clinical practices and in the point‐of‐care analysis.
Reactions of Ruthenium Complexes Containing Pentatetraenylidene Ligand
Authors: Tsai Shih‐Hung , Lin Ying‐Chih , Liu Yi‐Hung 
Published: September 2016

AbstractTwo ruthenium acetylide complexes [Ru]−C≡C−C≡C−C(OR)(C3H5)2 (2, R=H and 2 a, R=CH3; [Ru]=Cp(PPh3)2Ru) each with two cyclopropyl rings were synthesized from TMS−C≡C−C≡C−C(OH)(C3H5)2 (1; TMS=trimethylsilyl). Treatments of 2 and 2 a with allyl halide in the presence of KPF6 afforded the vinylidene complexes 3 and 3 a, respectively. When NH4PF6 was used, instead of KPF6, additional ring‐opening reaction took place on one of the three‐membered ring. Treatment of [Ru]Cl with 1,3‐butadiyne (6), bearing an epoxide ring, afforded acetylide complex 7 with a furyl ring. Treatment of 2 a with Ph3CPF6 presumably afforded pentatetraenylidene complex {[Ru]=C=C=C=C=C(C3H5)2}[PF6] (10), which was not isolated. Additions of various alcohols in a solution of 10 generated a number of disubstituted allenylidene complexes {[Ru]=C=C=C(OR)−C=C(C3H5)2}[PF6] (11). Treatment of 11 with K2CO3 afforded the acetylide complex 12 bearing a carbonyl group, characterized by single X‐ray diffraction analysis. Addition of a primary amine to 10 caused cleavage of the farthermost C=C bond and several allenylidene complexes {[Ru]=C=C=C(Me)(NHR)}[PF6] (18) were isolated.
Asymmetric Mannich Reaction of Aryl Methyl Ketones with Cyclic Imines Benzo[e][1,2,3]oxathiazine 2,2‐Dioxides Catalyzed by Cinchona Alkaloid‐based Primary Amines
Authors: Cui Xiao‐Yu , Duan Hui‐Xin , Zhang Yongna , Wang You‐Qing 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAryl ketones represent problematic substrates for asymmetric Mannich reactions due to a large steric hindrance exhibited by such compound species. A highly enantioselective direct Mannich reaction of aryl methyl ketones with cyclic imine benzo[e][1,2,3]oxathiazine 2,2‐dioxides could be successfully carried out utilizing a combination of cinchona alkaloid‐derived primary amines with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA); the primary amines feature a superior catalytic efficacy over secondary amines with a variety of sterically hindered carbonyl compounds as substrates. The reaction proceeded well with various cyclic imines in 89–97 % ee and with various aryl methyl ketones in 85–98 % ee. Moreover, the aryl carbonyl of a Mannich product could be transformed to ketoxime, which further undergoes a Beckmann rearrangement to produce an amide compound while maintaining enantioselectivity.
Endo/exo‐synergism of cellulases increases with substrate conversion
Authors: Olsen Johan Pelck , Borch Kim , Westh Peter 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTSynergy between cellulolytic enzymes is important for their industrial utilization, and numerous studies have addressed the problem of how to optimize the composition of enzyme cocktails with respect to this. The degree of synergy (DS) may change with substrate conversion, and some studies have suggested a maximum in DS early in the process. Here, we systematically investigated interrelationships of DS and conversion in a model system covering a wide range of experimental conditions. The results did not reveal any correlation between DS and contact time, but when plotted against the degree of substrate conversion we saw a systematic increase in DS. We suggest that this is linked to a decreasing reactivity of the substrate. Hence, synergy became increasingly important as the recalcitrance of the remaining substrate grew. Such conversion dependent changes in DS appear to be important both in mechanistic studies and attempts to find industrial enzymes blends with optimal synergy. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2017;114: 696–700. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nanoengineered thermoresponsive magnetic hydrogels for biomedical applications
Authors: Jalili Nima A. , Muscarello Madyson , Gaharwar Akhilesh K. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract“Smart” hydrogels are part of an emerging class of biomaterials that respond to multiple external stimuli. A range of thermoresponsive magnetic hydrogels is currently being developed for on‐demand delivery of biomolecules for a range of biomedical applications, including therapeutic drug delivery, bioimaging, and regenerative engineering. In this review article, we explore different types of magnetic nanoparticles and thermoresponsive polymers used to fabricate these smart nanoengineered hydrogels. We highlight some of the emerging applications of these stimuli‐responsive hydrogels for biomedical applications. Finally, we capture the growing trend of these smart nanoengineered hydrogels and will identify promising new research directions.
Combination of Thiol‐Additive‐Free Native Chemical Ligation/Desulfurization and Intentional Replacement of Alanine with Cysteine
Authors: Tsuda Shugo , Mochizuki Masayoshi , Nishio Hideki , Yoshiya Taku 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe report a novel strategy for native chemical ligation (NCL). Alanines not located at a ligation site are temporarily replaced with cysteines, and this enables efficient thiol‐additive‐free NCL, with subsequent desulfurization to regenerate the target peptide. We synthesized stresscopin‐related peptide and neuroendocrine regulatory peptide‐2 (NERP‐2) by this method. We confirmed that both conventional alkyl thioester and thioester‐equivalent N‐acyl‐N′‐methyl‐benzimidazolinone (MeNbz) can be adopted as thioester components for thiol‐additive‐free NCL of multi‐Cys‐containing peptides.
Acute cardiac decompensation in a patient with beta‐thalassemia and diabetes mellitus following cessation of chelation therapy
Authors: Lioudaki Eirini , Whyte Martin 
Published: September 2016

Key Clinical MessagePatients with higher liver iron stores are likely to have a worse cardiac outcome following noncompliance with chelation. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance identifies myocardial siderosis allowing optimization of iron chelation regimes. Diabetes puts thalassemic patients at increased risk of myocardial fibrosis. Dual chelation therapy with deferoxamine and deferiprone offers improved cardiac outcomes.
Enhanced Capacitive Desalination Performance of Porous Carbon Spheres@MnO2 Composite
Authors: Chen Bingwei , Wang Yanfang , Yu Feng , Zhu Yusong , Zhang Lixin , Wu Yuping 
Published: September 2016

AbstractA porous carbon spheres@MnO2 composite is prepared and used as the electrosorption electrode. The MnO2 nanoparticles are evenly distributed on the porous carbon spheres. The as‐prepared composite possesses high specific surface area of 258.6 m2•g−1. Its electrochemical evaluations confirm that the composite has high specific capacitance of 175 F•g−1 at a current density of 1 A•g−1 in 0.5 mol•L−1 NaCl aqueous solution, and shows good conductivity and excellent cycling performance. Electrosorption capacity for the porous carbon spheres@MnO2 composite is 6.28 mg•g−1. Moreover, the composite electrode exhibits excellent recyclability with an efficient regeneration process.
One Step Fabrication of Co3O4‐PPy Cathode for Lithium‐O2 Batteries
Authors: Shao Xuan , Zhang Tao , Wen Zhaoyin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractConventional binders in the cathode of Li‐O2 batteries are insulated, and integrate with the catalyst and the conducting carbon‐support by physical mixing. This limits the transfer of electrons, degrades the cathode structure due to swelling, and finally leads to capacity fading and is deleterious to cycleability. In this study, we realized, for the first time, a one‐step fabricated Co3O4‐PPy cathode characterized by an in‐situ formed conductive polymer binder. The functional binder, polypyrrole (PPy), was synthesized through electrical method, which acted as both the binder and supporting material in the Li‐O2 battery. Based on the conductive property of PPy, we obtained the Co3O4‐PPy@Ni electrode via the process of CV electro‐deposition. This method results in uniform distribution of Co3O4 nanoparticles and can simplify the preparation process of the air cathodes. The Li‐O2 battery with the Co3O4‐PPy@Ni cathode can discharge/charge for over 30 cycles under the limited specific capacity of 1000 mAh/g. The cycleability and impedance spectra of the Li‐O2 battery with the functional binder of PPy are superior to the battery with conventional binders.
Spin Self‐Assembled Clay Nanocomposite Passivation Layers Made from a Photocrosslinkable Poly(vinyl alcohol) and Na+‐Montmorillonite Enhance the Environmental Stability of Organic Thin‐Film Transistors
Authors: Jeon Hayoung , Park Seonuk , Nam Sooji , Shin Kwonwoo , Kim Sung‐Ryong , Kim Se Hyun , Jang Jaeyoung , An Tae Kyu 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe investigated the effects of the multilayer polymer‐clay nanohybrid passivation films on the stability of pentacene organic thin‐film transistors (OTFTs) exposed to air and UV irradiation. Well‐ordered multilayer films were deposited by the spin‐assisted layer‐by‐layer assembly method using photocrosslinkable poly(vinyl alcohol) with the N‐methyl‐4(4′‐formylstyryl)pyridinium methosulfate acetal group (SbQ‐PVA) and Na+‐montmorillonite in a water‐based solution process. When photocrosslinked, these SbQ‐PVA/clay multilayers were found to serve as excellent barriers to O2 and UV‐light. Moreover, when used as passivation layers, they enhanced the stability of pentacene OTFT devices exposed to air and UV radiation.
Singlet Oxygen Generation and Photoinduced Charge Separation of Tetra Polyethyleneglycol Functionalized Zinc Phthalocyanine‐Fullerene Dyad
Authors: Gobeze Habtom B. , Tram Ta , KC Chandra B. , Cantu Robert R. , Karr Paul A. , D'Souza Francis 
Published: September 2016

AbstractUtilization of polyethyleneglycol (PEG) functionalized zinc phthalocyanine, (PEG)4ZnPc in (i) singlet oxygen generation, and (ii) in building energy harvesting donor‐acceptor systems using fullerene, C60 as an acceptor via the well‐known metal‐ligand axial coordination approach is reported. The (PEG)4ZnPc was found to be capable of producing singlet oxygen with a quantum yield, ΦΔ of 0.77 in toluene, a value higher than that obtained for pristine (t‐bu)4ZnPc (ΦΔ=0.54) carrying no PEG groups, revealing its usefulness in photodynamic therapy applications. Spectroscopic studies revealed efficient binding of phenylimidazole functionalized fullerene, C60Im with 1:1 stoichiometry to (PEG)4ZnPc. Binding constant K for the formation of (PEG)4ZnPc:ImC60 dyad was found to be 6×103 M−1 revealing moderate stability. Geometric and electronic studies of the dyad was arrived by B3LYP/3‐21G(∗︁) method. The HOMO level was found to be on zinc phthalocyanine entity while the LUMO level was found to be on the C60 entity suggesting formation of (PEG)4ZnPc·+:ImC60· − charge separated state during the process of electron transfer reaction. Redox studies on the (PEG)4ZnPc:ImC60 dyad enabled accurate determination of the oxidation and reduction potentials of the donor‐acceptor system, and to evaluate free‐energy changes associated for the charge separation process. Kinetics of photoinduced charge separation and recombination in the (PEG)4ZnPc:ImC60 dyad was investigated using femtosecond transient absorption studies. Relatively long‐lived charge separated states were confirmed for the dyad suggesting their potential usefulness in energy harvesting applications.
Gene expression profiling of granule cells and Purkinje cells in the zebrafish cerebellum
Authors: Takeuchi Miki , Yamaguchi Shingo , Sakakibara Yoshimasa , Hayashi Takuto , Matsuda Koji , Hara Yuichiro , Tanegashima Chiharu , Shimizu Takashi , Kuraku Shigehiro , Hibi Masahiko 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe structure of the neural circuitry of the cerebellum, which functions in some types of motor learning and coordination, is generally conserved among vertebrates. However, some cerebellar features are species specific. It is not clear which genes are involved in forming these conserved and species‐specific structures and functions. This study uses zebrafish transgenic larvae expressing fluorescent proteins in granule cells, Purkinje cells, or other cerebellar neurons and glial cells to isolate each type of cerebellar cells by fluorescence‐activated cell sorting and to profile their gene expressions by RNA sequencing and in situ hybridization. We identify genes that are upregulated in granule cells or Purkinje cells, including many genes that are also expressed in mammalian cerebella. Comparison of the transcriptomes in granule cells and Purkinje cells in zebrafish larvae reveals that more developmental genes are expressed in granule cells, whereas more neuronal‐function genes are expressed in Purkinje cells. We show that some genes that are upregulated in granule cells or Purkinje cells are also expressed in the cerebellum‐like structures. Our data provide a platform for understanding the development and function of the cerebellar neural circuits in zebrafish and the evolution of cerebellar circuits in vertebrates. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:1558–1585, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
H2 Formation on Cosmic Grain Siliceous Surfaces Grafted with Fe+: A Silsesquioxanes‐Based Computational Model
Authors: Fioroni Marco , DeYonker Nathan J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractCosmic siliceous dust grains are involved in the synthesis of H2 in the inter‐stellar medium. In this work, the dust grain siliceous surface is represented by a hydrogen Fe‐metalla‐silsesquioxane model of general formula: [Fe(H7Si7O12−n)(OH)n]+ (n=0,1,2) where Fe+ behaves like a single‐site heterogeneous catalyst grafted on a siliceous surface synthesizing H2 from H. A computational analysis is performed using two levels of theory (B3LYP‐D3BJ and MP2‐F12) to quantify the thermodynamic driving force of the reaction: [Fe‐T7H7]++4H→[Fe‐T7H7(OH)2]++H2. The general outcomes are: 1) H2 synthesis is thermodynamically strongly favored; 2) Fe‐H / Fe‐H2 barrier‐less formation potential; 3) chemisorbed H‐Fe leads to facile H2 synthesis at 20≤T≤100 K; 4) relative spin energetics and thermodynamic quantities between the B3LYP‐D3BJ and MP2‐F12 levels of theory are in qualitative agreement. The metalla‐silsesquioxane model shows how Fe+ fixed on a siliceous surface can potentially catalyze H2 formation in space.
Hydrogen Production and Storage on a Formic Acid/Bicarbonate Platform using Water‐Soluble N‐Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes of Late Transition Metals
Authors: Jantke Dominik , Pardatscher Lorenz , Drees Markus , Cokoja Mirza , Herrmann Wolfgang A. , Kühn Fritz E. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe synthesis and characterization of two water‐soluble bis‐N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes of rhodium and iridium is presented. Both compounds are active in H2 generation from formic acid and in hydrogenation of bicarbonate to formate. The rhodium derivative is most active in both reactions, reaching a TOF of 39 000 h−1 and a TON of 449 000 for H2 production. The catalytic hydrogenation reactions were carried out in an autoclave system and analyzed using the integrated peak areas in the 1H NMR spectra. Decomposition of formic acid was investigated using a Fisher–Porter bottle equipped with a pressure transducer. Long‐term stability for hydrogen evolution was tested by surveillance of the gas flow rate. The procedure does not require any additives like amines or inert gas conditions. Density functional theory calculations in agreement with experimental results suggest a bicarbonate reduction mechanism involving a second catalyst molecule, which provides an external hydride acting as reducing agent.
Ischemia reduces inter‐alpha inhibitor proteins in the brain of the ovine fetus
Authors: Spasova Mariya S. , Chen Xiaodi , Sadowska Grazyna B. , Horton Edward R. , Lim Yow‐Pin , Stonestreet Barbara S. 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACTHypoxic‐ischemic (HI) brain injury is a major cause of neurological abnormalities in the perinatal period. Inflammation contributes to the evolution of HI brain injury. Inter‐alpha inhibitor proteins (IAIPs) are a family of proteins that are part of the innate immune system. We have reported that endogenous IAIPs exhibit developmental changes in ovine brain and that exogenous IAIP treatment reduces neuronal death in HI neonatal rats. However, the effects of HI on endogenous IAIPs in brain have not been previously examined. In this study, we examined the effects of ischemia‐reperfusion on endogenous IAIPs levels in fetal sheep brain. Cerebral cortex, cerebellum, cervical spinal cord, choroid plexus, and CSF were snap frozen from sham control fetuses at 127 days gestation and after 30‐min of carotid occlusion and 4‐, 24‐, and 48‐h of reperfusion. IAIP levels were determined by Western immunoblot. IAIP expressions of the 250 kDa Inter‐alpha inhibitor (IaI) and 125 kDa Pre‐alpha inhibitor (PaI) in cerebral cortex and PaI in cerebellum were reduced (p < 0.05) 4‐h after ischemia compared with controls and returned toward control levels 24‐ and 48‐h after ischemia. CSF PaI and IaI were reduced 48 h after ischemia. We conclude that IAIPs in cerebral cortex and cerebellum are reduced by brain ischemia, and return toward control levels between 24 and 48 h after ischemia. However, changes in CSF IAIPs were delayed, exhibiting decreases 48 h after ischemia. We speculate that the decreases in endogenous IAIPs reflect increased utilization, potentially suggesting that they have endogenous neuroprotective properties. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 77: 726–737, 2017
Characterization of a new Gsx2‐cre line in the developing mouse telencephalon
Authors: Qin Shenyue , Madhavan Mayur , Waclaw Ronald R. , Nakafuku Masato , Campbell Kenneth 
Published: September 2016

AbstractIn this study, we generated a transgenic mouse line driving Cre and EGFP expression with two putative cis‐regulatory modules (CRMs) (i.e., hs687 and hs678) upstream of the homeobox gene Gsx2 (formerly Gsh2), a critical gene for establishing lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) identity. The combination of these two CRMs drives transgene expression within the endogenous Gsx2 expression domains along the anterior–posterior neuraxis. By crossing this transgenic line with the RosatdTomato (Ai14) reporter mouse line, we observed a unique recombination pattern in the lateral ventral telencephalon, namely the LGE and the dorsal half of the medial GE (MGE), but not in the septum. We found robust recombination in many cell types derived from these embryonic regions, including olfactory bulb and amygdala interneurons and striatal projection neurons from the LGE, as well as cortical interneurons from the MGE and caudal GE (CGE). In summary, this transgenic mouse line represents a new tool for genetic manipulation in the LGE/CGE and the dorsal half of MGE.