bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Determination of Sufentanil and Ziconotide in Combination for Intrathecal Analgesia by UPLC-UV
Authors: Sorrieul Jérémy , Gibory Vincent , Dinh Chau Phi , Kieffer Hélène , Folliard Caroline , Dupoiron Denis , Devys Catherine 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIntrathecal analgesia has increased over the past two decades based on high level proof of efficacy in patients with cancer. Morphine and Ziconotide remains the reference. Polyanalgesic Consensus Conference IT treatment algorithm recommends as the second line therapy opioids/ziconotide combination. Sufentanil and ziconotide combination can be used. The implantable pumps development helped to improve the comfort of the patient. The refills were prepared under a laminar airflow hood under strictly aseptic conditions, by the hospital pharmacist. In order to secure the process, a new analytical method by simple liquid chromatography ultraviolet spectrometry method was developed for the simultaneous quantification of two analgesic drugs (sufentanil, ziconotide). The method was validated according to the recommendation of the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The method was linear between 0.1 to 4 μg/mL for ziconotide and 3.125 to 50 µg/mL for sufentanil. This routine quality control analysis secures the production process.
Construction and Enumeration of Circuits Capable of Guiding a Miniature Vehicle
Authors: Bastien Jérôme 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In contrast to traditional toy tracks, a patented system allows the creation of a large number of tracks with a minimal number of pieces, and whose loops always close properly. These circuits strongly resemble traditional self-avoiding polygons (whose explicit enumeration has not yet been resolved for an arbitrary number of squares) yet there are numerous differences, notably the fact that the geometric constraints are different than those of self-avoiding polygons. We present the methodology allowing the construction and enumeration of all of the possible tracks containing a given number of pieces. For small numbers of pieces, the exact enumeration will be treated. For greater numbers of pieces, only an estimation will be offered. In the latter case, a randomly construction of circuits is also given. We will give some routes for generalizations for similar problems.
The Maximum Queens Problem with Pawns
Authors: Chatham Doug 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The classic n-queens problem asks for placements of just n mutually non-attacking queens on an n × n board. By adding enough pawns, we can arrange to fill roughly one-quarter of the board with mutually non-attacking queens. How many pawns do we need? We discuss that question for square boards as well as rectangular m × n boards.
Continuity and Change in the (New) Kosciuszko Foundation Dictionary
Authors: Adamska-Sałaciak Arleta 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The Kościuszko Foundation Dictionary (KFD)1, the only bilingual dictionary between Polish and American English, first came out in 1959 (English-Polish volume) and 1961 (Polish-English volume). Between then and 1995, it was reprinted fourteen times, with the content completely intact. In 2003, The New Kosciuszko Foundation Dictionary (NKFD1) finally appeared, in two printed volumes accompanied by a CD. Originally intended as a straightforward update of KFD, it ended up being closer to a brand new dictionary, linked with its predecessor mainly through the title - a consequence of the continuing patronage of The Kosciuszko Foundation - and through its focus on American English. With around 133,000 main entries, it was, at the time of publication, the most comprehensive English-Polish, Polish-English dictionary in existence. A new, revised and enlarged edition (NKFD2) is about to be published soon, this time exclusively in digital form. Having been involved in the latter two projects - respectively, as editor of the English-Polish volume and editor-in-chief - the author examines the development of the dictionary, tracing the continuity and change in its three successive incarnations.
Price Determination for Educational Services Based on the Investments in Education
Authors: Blaga Radu Lucian , Blaga Alexandru 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The study aims at highlighting the link between educational marketing (product/service and price determination for educational services) and investment in education, using empirical models and customization of classic approaches (interpolation method) addressed to individual educational investment.
The methodology discussed in the paper, considers essential invariants of these educational investments, such as seniority - part of the work experience and period of studies. In the models presented, the level and the period of studies are quantified through transferable credits, expressing units of time, normal volume of working alleged student learning. It is also used a parameter which introduces an essential element of the quality of work - the psycho-physical characteristics of the fellow that are correlated with age.
Empirical study materializes on developing, while testing and validation of the models show that the rate of return to investment in education is a rationale for individuals to decide investing in their education. The study offers some customized recommendation to improve reverse marketing price policy of the educational services.
The study results lead us to the conclusion that education providers (colleges, universities, other training entities) and clients should take into account that education is an investment. The private return of investment in education - as argument of educational marketing (price policy) is increasingly important in the context of a fragmentary and dynamic market, led by strong competition.
Specific Aspects of Unregistered Unemployment in the Western Part of Romania
Authors: Remes Eugen , Schebesch Klaus Bruno , Remes Cosmina , Deac Dan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper aims at highlighting a current phenomenon on the labour market in Romania, related to the existence of important categories of unemployed persons and looking for a job, but not registered in the statistics of state institutions dealing with unemployment.
The analysis is conducted in the area of western Romania (for the Arad, Bihor and Timis counties) and aims categories of unemployed people with different skill levels, which for different reasons, are not accounted for statistically.
Zur Zusammenarbeit von Rechtssoziologen und Justizpraktikern
Authors: Rasehorn Theo 
Published: December 2016

Zusammenfassung:
Rechtssoziologen haben bei der Interaktion mit Justizpraktikern erhebliche Hürden, nahezu ein Minenfeld zu überwinden. Der Weg muß über die Rechtslehre mit ihrem von der Rechtssoziologie abweichenden Wissenschaftsbegriff gehen. Die Justizpraktiker, die Richter, wiederum verhalten sich gegenüber der Rechtslehre ambivalent und desinteressiert und erst recht gegenüber der Rechtssoziologie. Nur „reformengagierte“ Justizpraktiker zeigen sich zur Zusammenarbeit bereit. Die verschiedenen Ansätze werden anhand von Berichten über das Institut für Rechtstatsachenforschung Stuttgart und den Arbeitskreis für Rechtssoziologie Köln aufgezeigt.
Heart Rate, Technical Performance, and Session-RPE in Elite Youth Soccer Small-Sided Games Played With Wildcard Players
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Javier , Hernández Daniel , Casamichana David , Martínez-Salazar Cristian , Ramirez-Campillo Rodrigo , Sampaio Jaime 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Sanchez-Sanchez, J, Hernández, D, Casamichana, D, Martínez-Salazar, C, Ramirez-Campillo, R, and Sampaio, J. Heart rate, technical performance, and session-RPE in elite youth soccer small-sided games played with wildcard players. J Strength Cond Res 31(10): 2678–2685, 2017—The aim of this study was to compare heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and technical-tactical actions during small-sided games (SSGs) played without (CTR), with internal (IW), and with IW and external (IEW) wildcard players. A total of 22 young male soccer players (age 17.2 ± 0.9 years) randomly completed six 4vs4 SSG situations. The control conditions occurred with goals scored without goalkeeper (4vs4-NO) and with goalkeeper (4vs4-GK). During the experimental conditions, the situations incorporated 2 IW (4vs4+2IW-NO, 4vs4+2IW-GK) and 2 IEW (4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK). Processed results did not include data from goalkeepers, IW, and IEW players. The HR was divided in intensity-zones (Z1, Z2, and Z3, for <80%, 80–90%, and >90% of maximal HR, respectively) and the analyzed technical-tactical actions were the pass, dribbling, collective success, and pause. The effects of IW and IEW were analyzed through repeated measures analysis of variance. During 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, greater time was recorded in Z1 (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4-NO and 4s4+2IW-NO. During 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK, greater time was recorded in Z1 and less in Z3 (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4-GK. Greater RPE was reported in 4vs4-NO (p < 0.01) and 4vs4+2IW-NO (p < 0.01) compared with 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO, and during 4vs4-GK (p < 0.01) than 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-GK. Greater number of dribbling situations were recorded during 4vs4-NO (p ≤ 0.05) compared with 4vs4+2IW+2IEW-NO. In conclusion, compared with the control condition of 4vs4, the incorporation of IEW reduced HR, RPE, and dribbling actions.
Prediction of Overuse Injuries in Professional U18-U21 Footballers Using Metrics of Training Distance and Intensity
Authors: Bacon Christopher S. , Mauger Alexis R. 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Bacon, CS and Mauger, AR. Prediction of overuse injuries in professional U18-U21 footballers using metrics of training distance and intensity. J Strength Cond Res 31(11): 3067–3076, 2017—The most common injury in professional football is an overuse injury to the lower limb. A significant external risk factor of this injury is the mismanagement of training and match loads. The aim of the current study was to examine the predictability of overuse injuries in professional youth soccer players using volume and intensity variables derived from Global Positioning Systems. A total of 41 players (age: 17.8 ± 1.1 years) training and match loads were assessed. These external loads were measured over 2 competitive seasons for every training session and match for each individual. A linear regression was used to test the predictability of the injury based on load, which were grouped using loading groups calculated from squad weekly averages. The load groupings assigned were: low load = 1 SD below the squad mean score; normal load = ±1 SD from the squad mean; high load = 1 SD above squad mean. The analysis demonstrated that total distance significantly predicted overuse injury incidence rates (F
1,39 = 6.482, p = 0.015), whereas high-speed running meters could not (F
1,39 = 1.003, p = 0.323). This study demonstrated that distance covered in training and matches can impact on the incidence of overuse injury in youth soccer players. Coaches should seek to monitor player training loads and incorporate this metric into their decision making for protecting players from overuse injury.
Activin promotes skin carcinogenesis by attraction and reprogramming of macrophages
Authors: Antsiferova Maria , Piwko‐Czuchra Aleksandra , Cangkrama Michael , Wietecha Mateusz , Sahin Dilara , Birkner Katharina , Amann Valerie C , Levesque Mitchell , Hohl Daniel , Dummer Reinhard , Werner Sabine 
Published: December 2016

AbstractActivin has emerged as an important player in different types of cancer, but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We show here that activin overexpression is an early event in murine and human skin tumorigenesis. This is functionally important, since activin promoted skin tumorigenesis in mice induced by the human papillomavirus 8 oncogenes. This was accompanied by depletion of epidermal γδ T cells and accumulation of regulatory T cells. Most importantly, activin increased the number of skin macrophages via attraction of blood monocytes, which was prevented by depletion of CCR2‐positive monocytes. Gene expression profiling of macrophages from pre‐tumorigenic skin and bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that activin induces a gene expression pattern in skin macrophages that resembles the phenotype of tumor‐associated macrophages in different malignancies, thereby promoting angiogenesis, cell migration and proteolysis. The functional relevance of this finding was demonstrated by antibody‐mediated depletion of macrophages, which strongly suppressed activin‐induced skin tumor formation. These results demonstrate that activin induces skin carcinogenesis via attraction and reprogramming of macrophages and identify novel activin targets involved in tumor formation.
Improving Pediatric Asthma Outcomes in a Community Emergency Department
Authors: Walls Theresa A. , Hughes Naomi T. , Mullan Paul C. , Chamberlain James M. , Brown Kathleen 
Published: December 2016

BACKGROUND:
Asthma triggers &gt;775 000 emergency department (ED) visits for children each year. Approximately 80% of these visits occur in community EDs. We performed this study to measure effects of partnership with a community ED on pediatric asthma care.

METHODS:
For this quality improvement initiative, we implemented an evidence-based pediatric asthma guideline in a community ED. We included patients whose clinical impression in the medical decision section of the electronic health record contained the words asthma, bronchospasm, or wheezing. We reviewed charts of included patients 12 months before guideline implementation (August 2012–July 2013) and 19 months after guideline implementation (August 2013–February 2015). Process measures included the proportion of children who had an asthma score recorded, the proportion who received steroids, and time to steroid administration. The outcome measure was the proportion of children who needed transfer for additional care.

RESULTS:
In total, 724 patients were included, 289 during the baseline period and 435 after guideline implementation. Overall, 64% of patients were assigned an asthma score after guideline implementation. During the baseline period, 60% of patients received steroids during their ED visit, compared with 76% after guideline implementation (odds ratio 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–3.0). After guideline implementation, the mean time to steroids decreased significantly, from 196 to 105 minutes (P &lt; .001). Significantly fewer patients needed transfer after guideline implementation (10% compared with 14% during the baseline period) (odds ratio 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.40–0.99).

CONCLUSIONS:
Our study shows that partnership between a pediatric tertiary care center and a community ED is feasible and can improve pediatric asthma care.
Brexit: The end or the beginning of a long road
Authors: Váradi Balázs H. , Várnai Tímea , Virág Barnabás 
Published: December 2016

Globalisation and the loosening of credit conditions have led to an increase in income and wealth inequalities in the developed economies. The 2008–2009 crisis has forced a deleveraging process, leading to a prolonged recovery due to further demand cuts. The protracted economic problems and the inadequate management of economic policy in the EU increased social discontent that may have eventually contributed to Brexit. The short- and long-run impacts of the decision are difficult to judge, given that the details of the exit process cannot yet be known. Currently, there is a consensus among analysts that the negative economic effects could be greater in the UK in the short term. However, in the longer term, the UK may benefit from a potentially more flexible economic policy framework, while socio-political and economic risks are imposed on the European economy by the secondary effects due to its structural problems and the uncertain future of its institutional system.
As a small open economy, Hungary highly depends on the economic performance of its foreign trade partners. We have found that the economic impact of Brexit on Hungary remains moderate. Among the direct channels, the foreign trade channel may be the dominant. Meanwhile, the reduction of EU funds and remittances will affect the Hungarian growth only modestly. Hungary’s vulnerability has improved substantially since the 2008–2009 crisis. Accordingly, potential secondround effects of Brexit may remain subdued and be mitigated through substantial room for manoeuvre for economic policies.
A non-randomized prospective study of the blood sparing effect of tranexamic acid in total knee replacement
Authors: Gupta Anand , Nagla Ashok , Tantuway Vinay , Gupta Rishi , Patel Vivek , Bhambani Pawan 
Published: December 2016

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Several techniques are available to minimize the likelihood of blood transfusion following total knee arthroplasty. Tranexamic acid, an inhibitor of fibrinolysis that blocks the lysine-binding site of plasminogen to fibrin has been reported to reduce intraoperative and postoperative blood loss in patients undergoing total hip and total knee arthroplasties with or without cement. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of antifibrinolytic treatment along with other measures like saline adrenaline infusion, no drain, no tourniquet and hypotensive anaesthesia in reducing perioperative blood loss during total knee replacement<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> Between January 2011 to January 2016, seventy five consecutive patients who had given written informed consent, undergoing a TKR received tranexamic acid 15 mg/kg body weight intravenous 5 minutes before the skin incision and two doses afterwards (3 and 6 hours after the first dose respectively). TKR was performed in a routine fashion without tourniquet. The saline adrenaline (1:200000) was infiltrated into the skin subcutaneous tissue and capsule before skin incision. A routine closure was carried out without drain. Total blood loss including the hidden blood loss was calculated. All patients were monitored for anemia and postoperative thromboembolic complications.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The average total blood loss in study group is 433 ± 148 ml. This is much lesser than what other studies have reported. Mean reduction in hemoglobin levels (gm/dl) between preoperative and postoperative readings is 1.6 gm/dl. One patient had a postoperative DVT which was treated with rivaroxaban 20 mg OD for 6 weeks (oral anticoagulant)<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Antifibrinolytic agents like tranexamic acid used along with other measures reported in this study produces a significant decrease in blood loss in patients undergoing total knee replacement<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p>
The contribution of free reading to students’ writing proficiency in EFL
Authors: Stoian Claudia Elena 
Published: December 2016

Many factors contribute to students’ writing proficiency. This paper intends to find out whether free reading is one of them. A group of Romanian students of English as a foreign language has been tested for their amount of free reading and writing proficiency. Students’ scores on the two tasks have been compared by calculating the Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient. The degree of covariance obtained is quite weak, showing no significant relationship between free reading and writing proficiency. However, the coefficients of all the variables observed are higher than zero, which can imply that reading is important in acquiring a (foreign) language. The paper concludes by suggesting possible ways for EFL teachers to stimulate students’ interest in free reading. Keywords: English as a foreign language; free reading; writing proficiency;
Tendencias cuánticas en empresas orientadas hacia el conocimiento: Análisis de caso de una experiencia costarricense. Quantic trends in knowledge-based companies: A case analysis of a Costa Rican experience
Authors: Zúñiga Ramírez César , Solano Cordero Jennier , Bolaños Garita Rolando 
Published: December 2016

<p><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>El artículo desarrolla un debate sobre la aplicación de los conceptos propios de los modelos tradicionales de la Ciencia Administrativa, a la sazón amparados bajo la llamada escuela “newtoniana”, vis a vis con aquellos más contemporáneos y asertivos, cobijados bajo la óptica de los novedosos enfoques administrativos de corte “cuántico” para el caso específico de una empresa orientada hacia el conocimiento. La indagación supone que una firma de esta naturaleza, y que es abordada como un análisis de caso en el entorno de negocios costarricense, debería presentar una visión más cercana a los enfoques más recientes de la Administración, precisamente porque, por su giro de negocios, los desafíos ambientales y organizativos que enfrenta son muy importantes. Del análisis de la información que destila de sus directores de proyectos, hemos podido concluir que, pese a lo anterior, sus puntos de vista presentan tendencias que no son lo suficientemente contestes con los enfoques cuánticos, lo que representa un factor que le resta competitividad a la compañía, así como su capacidad de adaptación y flexibilidad en el funcionamiento de sus operaciones.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This article presents a debate between the application of concepts related to the traditional model of administrative sciences, included within the so-called ‘newtonian’ school, and the application of more contemporary concepts, covered under the new ‘quantic’ administrative approaches, using the specific case of a knowledge-based enterprise. The inquiry supposes that a company of this nature, which is also taken as a case study in the Costa Rican business environment, should hold a closer position to the more recent administrative focuses, especially because its business orientation presents important administrative and environmental challenges. From the information collected from the project managers involved in this firm, we have concluded that their points of view show tendencies that differ from the quantic approaches, and this constitutes an element that diminishes the enterprise’s competitiveness, as well as its capacity to adapt, and the flexibility in the functioning of its operation.</p>