bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of Environmental Factors on Essential Oil Variability in Origanum compactum Benth. Growing Wild in Morocco
Authors: Aboukhalid Kaoutar , Al Faiz Chaouki , Douaik Ahmed , Bakha Mohamed , Kursa Karolina , Agacka‐Mołdoch Monika , Machon Nathalie , Tomi Félix , Lamiri Abdeslam 
Published: May 2017

The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of environmental factors on essential oils (EOs) composition of Origanum compactum populations sampled all over the distribution area of the species in Morocco, and to determine the extent of the chemical profiles throughout the geographical distribution of the species. The chemical compositions were submitted to canonical correlation analysis and canonical discriminant analysis that indicated a significant relationship between oil components and some environmental factors. According to their chemical composition and edapho‐climatic characteristics, two major groups of populations were differentiated. The first group was composed of samples growing in regions with humid climate, clayey, sandy, and alkaline soils. These samples showed high thymol, α‐terpineol, linalool, and carvacryl methyl oxide content. The second group consisted of plants belonging to semi‐arid climate, and growing at high altitudes and silty soils. These samples were characterized by high carvacrol, α‐thujene, α‐terpinene, and myrcene content. However, populations exposed to sub‐humid climate, appeared less homogeneous and belong mainly either to the first or second group. A significant correlation between some edaphic factors (pH, K2O content, soil texture) and the EOs yield of O. compactum plants was evidenced. In spite of the correlation obtained for the oil composition with edapho‐climatic factors and the variance explained by the environmental data set, the observed EO diversity might be also genetically determined.
Induction of Necroptosis in Cancer Stem Cells using a Nickel(II)‐Dithiocarbamate Phenanthroline Complex
Authors: Flamme Marie , Cressey Paul B. , Lu Chunxin , Bruno Peter M. , Eskandari Arvin , Hemann Michael T. , Hogarth Graeme , Suntharalingam Kogularamanan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe cytotoxic properties of a series of nickel(II)‐dithiocarbamate phenanthroline complexes is reported. The complexes 1–6 kill bulk cancer cells and cancer stem cells (CSCs) with micromolar potency. Two of the complexes, 2 and 6, kill twice as many breast cancer stem cell (CSC)‐enriched HMLER‐shEcad cells as compared to breast CSC‐depleted HMLER cells. Complex 2 inhibits mammosphere formation to a similar extent as salinomycin (a CSC‐specific toxin). Detailed mechanistic studies suggest that 2 induces CSC death by necroptosis, a programmed form of necrosis. Specifically, 2 triggers MLKL phosphorylation, oligomerization, and translocation to the cell membrane. Additionally, 2 induces necrosome‐mediated propidium iodide (PI) uptake and mitochondrial membrane depolarisation, as well as morphological changes consistent with necroptotosis. Strikingly, 2 does not evoke necroptosis by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production or poly(ADP) ribose polymerase (PARP‐1) activation.
Demographics, reproduction, growth, and abundance of Jollyville Plateau salamanders (Eurycea tonkawae)
Authors: Bendik Nathan F. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractInsights into the ecology and natural history of the neotenic salamander, Eurycea tonkawae, are provided from eight years of capture‐recapture data from 10,041 captures of 7,315 individuals at 16 sites. Eurycea tonkawae exhibits seasonal reproduction, with peak gravidity occurring in the fall and winter. Size frequency data indicated recruitment occurred in the spring and summer. Open‐population capture‐recapture models revealed a similar seasonal pattern at two of three sites, while recruitment was dependent on flow at the third site. Females can reach sexual maturity within one year, and oviposition likely takes place below ground. The asymptotic body length of 1,290 individuals was estimated as 31.73 mm (at ca. two years of age), although there was substantial heterogeneity among growth trajectories. Longevity was approximately eight years, and the median age for a recaptured adult was 2.3 years. Abundance estimated from closed‐population and robust‐design capture‐recapture models varied widely within and among sites (range 41–834), although, surprisingly, dramatic changes in abundance were not observed following prolonged dry periods. Seasonal migration patterns of second‐year and older adults may help explain lower ratios of large individuals and higher temporary emigration during the latter half of the year, but further study is required. Low numbers of captures and recaptures precluded the use of open‐population models to estimate demographic parameters at several sites; therefore, closed‐population (or robust‐design) methods are generally recommended. Based on observations of their life history and population demographics, E. tonkawae seems well adapted to conditions where spring flow is variable and surface habitat periodically goes dry.
Vector population growth and condition‐dependent movement drive the spread of plant pathogens
Authors: Shaw Allison K. , Peace Angela , Power Alison G. , Bosque‐Pérez Nilsa A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPlant viruses, often spread by arthropod vectors, impact natural and agricultural ecosystems worldwide. Intuitively, the movement behavior and life history of vectors influence pathogen spread, but the relative contribution of each factor has not been examined. Recent research has highlighted the influence of host infection status on vector behavior and life history. Here, we developed a model to explore how vector traits influence the spread of vector‐borne plant viruses. We allowed vector life history (growth rate, carrying capacity) and movement behavior (departure and settlement rates) parameters to be conditional on whether the plant host is infected or healthy and whether the vector is viruliferous (carrying the virus) or not. We ran simulations under a wide range of parameter combinations and quantified the fraction of hosts infected over time. We also ran case studies of the model for Barley yellow dwarf virus, a persistently transmitted virus, and for Potato virus Y, a non‐persistently transmitted virus. We quantified the relative importance of each parameter on pathogen spread using Latin hypercube sampling with the statistical partial rank correlation coefficient technique. We found two general types of mechanisms in our model that increased the rate of pathogen spread. First, increasing factors such as vector intrinsic growth rate, carrying capacity, and departure rate from hosts (independent of whether these factors were condition‐dependent) led to more vectors moving between hosts, which increased pathogen spread. Second, changing condition‐dependent factors such as a vector's preference for settling on a host with a different infection status than itself, and vector tendency to leave a host of the same infection status, led to increased contact between hosts and vectors with different infection statuses, which also increased pathogen spread. Overall, our findings suggest that vector population growth rates had the greatest influence on rates of virus spread, but rates of vector dispersal from infected hosts and from hosts of the same infection status were also very important. Our model highlights the importance of simultaneously considering vector life history and behavior to better understand pathogen spread. Although developed for plant viruses, our model could readily be utilized with other vector‐borne pathogen systems.
Intraspecific variation in growth rate is a poor predictor of fitness for reef corals
Authors: Edmunds Peter J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractGenetic variation underlying differences in organism performance is subject to natural selection, and organisms with high values of genetically determined phenotypic measures of fitness should perform better than those that do not. Using small scleractinian corals (i.e., ≤40‐mm diameter), this principle was tested with 20 yr of census data from St. John, US Virgin Islands. Using growth rate (change in diameter) as a measure of fitness, growth in one year was tested for association with growth and survivorship in the following two years, and this process was repeated over 20 yr using a 3‐yr sliding window. Virtually all variation in growth was independent of colony size, and growth among pairs of years was highly variable, with corals that grew fast in one year rarely growing fast in the next 2 yr. While growth in some pairs of years was positively correlated, ≤4% of the growth variance was explained by growth in the preceding 2 yr. Survivorship was related positively to growth in the preceding year, but the association was weak, it did not extend over 3 yr, and was inconsistent over the study. These results demonstrate the importance of the environment in translating phenotypic measures of fitness into future performance, and for small Caribbean corals, they suggest that environmental conditions may preempt genotype in determining short‐term success.
Differential responses of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and right posterior superior temporal sulcus to spontaneous mentalizing
Authors: Moessnang Carolin , Otto Kristina , Bilek Edda , Schäfer Axel , Baumeister Sarah , Hohmann Sarah , Poustka Luise , Brandeis Daniel , Banaschewski Tobias , Tost Heike , Meyer‐Lindenberg Andreas 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPrevious research suggests a role of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) in metacognitive representation of social information, while the right posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS) has been linked to social perception. This study targeted these functional roles in the context of spontaneous mentalizing. An animated shapes task was presented to 46 subjects during functional magnetic resonance imaging. Stimuli consisted of video clips depicting animated shapes whose movement patterns prompt spontaneous mentalizing or simple intention attribution. Based on their differential response during spontaneous mentalizing, both regions were characterized with respect to their task‐dependent connectivity profiles and their associations with autistic traits. Functional network analyses revealed highly localized coupling of the right pSTS with visual areas in the lateral occipital cortex, while the dmPFC showed extensive coupling with instances of large‐scale control networks and temporal areas including the right pSTS. Autistic traits were related to mentalizing‐specific activation of the dmPFC and to the strength of connectivity between the dmPFC and posterior temporal regions. These results are in good agreement with the hypothesized roles of the dmPFC and right pSTS for metacognitive representation and perception‐based processing of social information, respectively, and further inform their implication in social behavior linked to autism. Hum Brain Mapp 38:3791–3803, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Reconstruction of a clinician training system in China—A successful “5 + 3” model from Shanghai
Authors: Chen Zhaojun , Wang Ling 
Published: June 2017

SummaryTo promote medical educational reforms and improve the quality of health care services in China, Shanghai has embarked on a pilot reform programme to combine 3‐year graduate education with standardized residency training, which is called the 5 + 3 model and consists of 5 years of undergraduate studies plus 3 years of graduate studies integrated with standardized residency training. In the current review, we present the reconstruction and practice of the model in China.
Recent advancements in electrospinning design for tissue engineering applications: A review
Authors: Kishan Alysha P. , Cosgriff‐Hernandez Elizabeth M. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractElectrospinning, a technique used to fabricate fibrous scaffolds, has gained popularity in recent years as a method to produce tissue engineered grafts with architectural similarities to the extracellular matrix. Beyond its versatility in material selection, electrospinning also provides many tools to tune the fiber morphology and scaffold geometry. Recent efforts have focused on extending the capabilities of electrospinning to produce scaffolds that better recapitulate tissue properties and enhance regeneration. This review highlights these advancements by providing an overview of the processing variables and setups used to modulate scaffold architecture, discussing strategies to improve cellular infiltration and guide cell behavior, and providing a summary of electrospinning applications in tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2892–2905, 2017.
VEGF release from a polymeric nanofiber scaffold for improved angiogenesis
Authors: Zigdon‐Giladi Hadar , Khutaba Alaa , Elimelech Rina , Machtei Eli E. , Srouji Samer 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAngiogenesis plays a pivotal role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. This study aimed to develop an electrospun fiber scaffold that supports release of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (rhVEGF) to enhance angiogenesis. Scaffolds composed of core–shell fibers were fabricated using co‐electrospinning. The core solution was composed of polyethylene oxide and mixed with rhVEGF. The shell solution was composed of polycarpolactone, with 0.25, 1, and 3% of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to manipulate pore size on the shell. Pore size and density increased with higher PEG concentrations. Similarly, rhVEGF release was affected by PEG concentration: initial burst release was found in all scaffolds, followed by continuous 4 h release in 3% PEG and 18 h release in the 0.25 and 1% PEG polymeric scaffolds. Endothelial cell migration toward rhVEGF‐incorporated polymeric scaffold was 80‐fold higher as compared to VEGF‐free polymeric scaffold. In a subcutaneous mouse model, VEGF‐incorporated polymeric scaffold stimulated cell migration into the scaffold within three days and significantly enhanced blood vessels formation within 14 days, whereas control scaffolds contained few vessels. In conclusion, the described novel scaffold represents a promising device for vascular tissue engineering, which may be of clinical significance in treating vascular deficient wounds. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2712–2721, 2017.
Functionalization promotes pathogen‐mimicking characteristics of polyanhydride nanoparticle adjuvants
Authors: Phanse Yashdeep , Carrillo‐Conde Brenda R. , Ramer‐Tait Amanda E. , Roychoudhury Rajarshi , Broderick Scott , Pohl Nicola , Rajan Krishna , Narasimhan Balaji , Wannemuehler Michael J. , Bellaire Bryan H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractRational design of adjuvants and delivery systems will promote development of next‐generation vaccines to control emerging and re‐emerging diseases. To accomplish this, understanding the immune‐enhancing properties of new adjuvants relative to those induced by natural infections can help with the development of pathogen‐mimicking materials that will effectively initiate innate immune signaling cascades. In this work, the surfaces of polyanhydride nanoparticles composed of sebacic acid (SA) and 1,6‐bis(p‐carboxyphenoxy) hexane were decorated with an ethylene diamine spacer partially modified with either a glycolic acid linker or an α‐1,2‐linked di‐mannopyranoside (di‐mannose) to confer “pathogen‐like” properties and enhance adjuvanticity. Co‐incubation of linker‐modified nanoparticles with dendritic cells (DCs) elicited significant increases in surface expression of MHC I, MHC II, CD86, and CD40, and enhanced secretion of IL‐6, IL‐12p40, and TNF‐α. An 800% increase in uptake of ethylene‐diamine‐spaced, linker and di‐mannose functionalized polyanhydride nanoparticles was also observed. Together, our data showed that linker‐functionalized polyanhydride nanoparticles demonstrate similar patterns of uptake, intracellular trafficking, particle persistence, and innate activation as did DCs exposed to Yersinia pestis or Escherichia coli. These results set the stage for rational selection of adjuvant chemistries to induce pathogen‐mimicking immune responses. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 105A: 2762–2771, 2017.
Simple modification of arm position improves B1+ and signal homogeneity in the thoracolumbar spine at 3T
Authors: Ishizaka Kinya , Kudo Kohsuke , Harada Kuniaki , Shirai Toru , Fujiwara Taro , Aoike Suzuko , Takamori Sayaka , Shirato Hiroki 
Published: May 2017

PurposeTo evaluate the homogeneity of the radiofrequency magnetic field (B1+) and signal intensity using different arm positions during 3T thoracolumbar spinal imaging.Materials and MethodsTwenty volunteers were scanned with a four‐channel radiofrequency (RF) transmit coil at 3T, with arms on the bed (conventional), arms elevated by 100 mm (arm lift), or with the arms‐up position (elevated arm). Axial B1+ maps and sagittal T1‐weighted image (T1WI)‐performed RF shimming were obtained for each arm position. The mean and standard deviation (SD) of the flip angle (FA) at the center of the vertebra on each B1+ map, and contrast noise ratios (CNRs) between the spinal cord and cerebrospinal fluid of sagittal T1WI, were calculated and compared among the different arm positions.ResultsMean FA values (degrees) for the arm lift and elevated arm positions were significantly larger than for the conventional position (P < 0.001 for both) at the twelfth thoracic vertebra (Th12). FA SD values for the arm lift and elevated arm position were significantly smaller than for the conventional position (P < 0.001 for both) at Th12. CNR for the arm lift and elevated arm position were significantly higher than for the conventional position (P = 0.007 and 0.002, respectively). The mean and SD of the FA and the CNR did not differ significantly for the arm lift and elevated arm positions (P = 0.591, 0.958, and 0.927, respectively).ConclusionInhomogeneities of B1+ and signal intensities were improved by simply changing the arm position in 3T thoracolumbar spinal imaging.Level of Evidence: 3Technical Efficacy: Stage 1J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2018;47:123–130.
Physico‐chemical properties, rheology and degree of esterification of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) peel flour
Authors: Coelho Emanuela M , de Azevêdo Luciana C , Viana Arão C , Ramos Ingrid G , Gomes Raquel G , Lima Marcos dos S , Umsza‐Guez Marcelo A 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe peel of yellow passion fruit is as an agro‐industrial waste of great environmental impact, representing more than 50% of the total weight of the fruit. For this reason, and also considering its importance as a source of functional components such as pectin, this organic waste is increasingly attracting the attention of researchers. The aim of this study was to investigate the physico‐chemical composition and physical properties of this material, which may be of interest to the food industry.RESULTSWe obtained two samples of passion fruit peel flour applying different processes: flour without treatment (FWOT) and flour with treatment by maceration (FWT). It was found that the flour samples contain, respectively, 372.4 g kg−1 and 246.7 kg−1 of soluble fiber and, according to the FTIR analysis, this material corresponds to high and low methoxyl pectins, respectively.CONCLUSIONThe flour obtained by maceration (FWT) offers greater benefits for industrial use, with 60% fewer tannins and greater thermal stability. In addition, this sample does not reabsorb moisture as easily, although FWOT also shows potential for use in dietary products. Considering the pseudoplastic properties of the flours, the application of both samples could be expanded to many industrial sectors. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Simple, rapid, and environmentally friendly method for the separation of isoflavones using ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography
Authors: Wu Wenjie , Zhang Yuan , Wu Hanqiu , Zhou Weie , Cheng Yan , Li Hongna , Zhang Chuanbin , Li Lulu , Huang Ying , Zhang Feng 
Published: May 2017

Isoflavones are natural substances that exhibit hormone‐like pharmacological activities. The separation of isoflavones remains an analytical challenge because of their similar structures. We show that ultra‐high performance supercritical fluid chromatography can be an appropriate tool to achieve the fast separation of 12 common dietary isoflavones. Among the five tested columns the Torus DEA column was found to be the most effective column for the separation of these isoflavones. The impact of individual parameters on the retention time and separation factor was evaluated. These parameters were optimized to develop a simple, rapid, and green method for the separation of the 12 target analytes. It only took 12.91 min using gradient elution with methanol as an organic modifier and formic acid as an additive. These isoflavones were determined with limit of quantitation ranging from 0.10 to 0.50 μg/mL, which was sufficient for reliable determination of various matrixes.
Preparation of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for the rapid and selective separation and enrichment of perfluorooctane sulfonate
Authors: Du Lingling , Wu Yongqiong , Zhang Xiaoli , Zhang Fang , Chen Xianping , Cheng Zhen , Wu Fei , Tan Kejun 
Published: May 2017

As a persistent organic pollutant, perfluorooctane sulfonate has drawn a great worldwide attention. In this contribution, a novel material of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers, based on perfluorooctane sulfonate, as a template, molecule was prepared. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and vibrating sample magnetometry. The adsorption isotherm was measured, and adsorption kinetic tests were conducted. The adsorbents possess high recognition ability (2.460 mg/g) and short adsorption equilibration time (60 min). Besides, they show good specificity and good reusability with the adsorption capacities of adsorbent toward perfluorooctane sulfonate decreasing less than 3% after five adsorption–desorption cycles. The magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers were used successfully in the separation and enrichment of perfluorooctane sulfonate in real water sample and exhibited good prospects in environmental treatment and monitoring.
Diagnostic Performance of Sonographic Features in Patients With Biliary Atresia: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Yoon Hee Mang , Suh Chong Hyun , Kim Jeong Rye , Lee Jin Seong , Jung Ah Young , Cho Young Ah 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesTo evaluate the diagnostic performance of sonographic features of biliary atresia in patients with infantile cholestasis.MethodsThe Ovid‐MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched for studies of the diagnostic performance of sonographic features of biliary atresia in patients with infantile cholestasis. A meta‐analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the triangular cord sign and other sonographic features in patients with biliary atresia.ResultsSeventeen eligible studies with 1444 patients were included. The triangular cord sign had high accuracy for diagnosing biliary atresia: the meta‐analytic summary sensitivity and specificity were 85% (95% confidence interval, 77%–90%) and 97% (95% confidence interval, 94%–99%), respectively. The area under the hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.97. Meta‐regression analysis revealed that the cutoff thickness of the triangular cord sign (3 or 4 mm) was a significant factor affecting study heterogeneity (P < .01). The proportions of nonidentification of the gallbladder (GB) ranged from 0% to 53%. Abnormal GB morphologic characteristics, nonvisualization of the common bile duct, and the presence of hepatic subcapsular flow showed relatively high sensitivities and specificities.ConclusionsThe triangular cord sign and other sonographic features, including abnormal GB morphologic characteristics, nonvisualization of the common bile duct, and the presence of hepatic subcapsular flow, had high diagnostic performance for the diagnosis of biliary atresia.