bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Observation of the Earth's Permanent Free Oscillations on Ocean Bottom Seismometers
Authors: Deen M. , Wielandt E. , Stutzmann E. , Crawford W. , Barruol G. , Sigloch K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Earth's hum is the permanent free oscillations of the Earth recorded in the absence of earthquakes, at periods above 30 s. We present the first observations of its fundamental spheroidal eigenmodes on broadband ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) in the Indian Ocean. At the ocean bottom, the effects of ocean infragravity waves (compliance) and seafloor currents (tilt) overshadow the hum. In our experiment, data are also affected by electronic glitches. We remove these signals from the seismic trace by subtracting average glitch signals; performing a linear regression; and using frequency‐dependent response functions between pressure, horizontal, and vertical seismic components. This reduces the long period noise on the OBS to the level of a good land station. Finally, by windowing the autocorrelation to include only the direct arrival, the first and second orbits around the Earth, and by calculating its Fourier transform, we clearly observe the eigenmodes at the ocean bottom.
Relationships Between Temperature, pH, and Crusting on Mg/Ca Ratios in Laboratory‐Grown Neogloboquadrina Foraminifera
Authors: Davis Catherine V. , Fehrenbacher Jennifer S. , Hill Tessa M. , Russell Ann D. , Spero Howard J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMg/Ca ratio paleothermometry in foraminifera is an important tool for the reconstruction and interpretation of past environments. However, existing Mg/Ca:temperature relationships for planktic species inhabiting middle‐ and high‐latitude environments are limited by a lack of information about the development and impact of low‐Mg/Ca ratio “crusts” and the influence of the carbonate system on Mg/Ca ratios in these groups. To address this, we cultured individual specimens of Neogloboquadrina incompta and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma in seawater across a range of temperature (6°–12°C) and pH (7.4–8.2). We found by laser ablation inductively couple mass spectrometry analyses of shells that culture‐grown crust calcite in N. incompta had a lower Mg/Ca ratio than ontogenetic calcite formed at the same temperature, suggesting that temperature is not responsible for the low‐Mg/Ca ratio of neogloboquadrinid crusts. The Mg/Ca:temperature relationship for ontogenetic calcite in N. incompta was consistent with the previously published culture‐based relationship, and no significant relationship was found between Mg/Ca ratios and pH in this species. However, the Mg/Ca ratio in laboratory‐cultured N. pachyderma was much higher than that reported in previous core top and sediment trap samples, due to lack of crust formation in culture. Application of our ontogenetic calcite‐specific Mg/Ca:temperature relationships to fossil N. pachyderma and N. incompta from five intervals in cores from the Santa Barbara Basin and the Bering Sea shows that excluding crust calcite in fossil specimens may improve Mg/Ca‐based temperature estimates.
Photo‐Induced Charge‐Variable Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Brushes Encapsulating Upconversion Nanoparticles for Promoted siRNA Release and Collaborative Photodynamic Therapy under NIR Light Irradiation
Authors: Zhao Hui , Hu Wenbo , Ma Hengheng , Jiang Rongcui , Tang Yufu , Ji Yu , Lu Xiaomei , Hou Bing , Deng Weixing , Huang Wei , Fan Quli 
Published: October 2017

AbstractCombination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with small interfering RNA (siRNA) therapy has become a major strategy in cancer treatment for enhancing anticancer efficacy. However, developing nanoplatform that can promote siRNA release and collaborate with efficient PDT under NIR light irradiation is still a big challenge. Photo‐induced charge‐variable conjugated polyelectrolyte brushes encapsulating upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP@CCPEB) as an efficient nanoplatform are reported. Cationic conjugated polyelectrolyte brush (CCPEB) is synthesized through quaternary ammoniation of N‐functionalized polyfluorene brush by photodegradable 2‐nitrobenzyl‐2‐bromoacetate. CCPEB with abundant positive charges and intrinsic photosensitizer (PS) performance is good for integrating siRNA carrier and PS into one molecule. The obtained CCPEB next encapsulates upconversion nanoparticle for realizing its NIR light excitation. Agarose gel electrophoresis experiments show that UCNP@CCPEB present good stability and excellent siRNA‐loading capacity (1 mol UCNP@CCPEB to at least 32.5 mol siRNA). Under 980 nm light irradiation, UCNP@CCPEB exhibit efficient single oxygen production for PDT. Concurrently, the photoresponsive cationic side‐chain of CCPEB turns into zwitterionic chain and thus accelerates its siRNA release to 80%. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that the successful A549 tumor suppression is achieved by UCNP@CCPEB/siPlk1 complex under 980 irradiation. It is envisioned that UCNP@CCPEB can serve as an efficient platform for combining various phototherapies together.
Organ‐on‐a‐Chip Systems for Women's Health Applications
Authors: Nawroth Janna , Rogal Julia , Weiss Martin , Brucker Sara Y. , Loskill Peter 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBiomedical research, for a long time, has paid little attention to the influence of sex in many areas of study, ranging from molecular and cellular biology to animal models and clinical studies on human subjects. Many studies solely rely on male cells/tissues/animals/humans, although there are profound differences in male and female physiology, which can significantly impact disease mechanisms, toxicity of compounds, and efficacy of pharmaceuticals. In vitro systems have been traditionally very limited in their capacity to recapitulate female‐specific physiology and anatomy such as dynamic sex‐hormone levels and the complex interdependencies of female reproductive tract organs. However, the advent of microphysiological organ‐on‐a‐chip systems, which attempt to recreate the 3D structure and function of human organs, now gives researchers the opportunity to integrate cells and tissues from a variety of individuals. Moreover, adding a dynamic flow environment allows mimicking endocrine signaling during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, as well as providing a controlled microfluidic environment for pharmacokinetic modeling. This review gives an introduction into preclinical and clinical research on women's health and discusses where organ‐on‐a‐chip systems are already utilized or have the potential to deliver new insights and enable entirely new types of studies.
Recent Advances in Electrochromic Smart Fenestration
Authors: Cai Guofa , Eh Alice Lee‐Sie , Ji Lin , Lee Pooi See 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFenestration, such as windows, plays a key role in modern architecture as it has enormous impact on the energy efficiency and comfort to the occupants of the building. Herein, current state‐of‐art strategies of nanostructured electrochromic materials, the fabrication of large scale smart windows, rational design of multifunctional smart chromogenic devices, and their performance are highlighted. Moreover, the current challenges from material selection to smart window performance are discussed and feasible solutions are provided. Development of a novel, simple, and economical synthesis of electrochromic materials is the first step in realizing high‐performance smart window. In addition, electrolyte, packaging materials, and judicious design of the fabrication process also play critical roles in the development of multifunctional and energy‐efficient smart windows. Finally, the concept of energy‐efficient multifunctional smart windows is addressed in which the smart windows are powered by sustainable energy in daytime, while the windows dynamically control the solar radiation into the building through transmittance modulation, enabling adjustable occupant's privacy. Sustainable energy can be stored in the smart windows during daytime and can be discharged to power other electronic devices at night. It is envisioned that this review shall promote a rapid development on electrochromic materials and novel multifunctional smart windows.
Intrinsic Charge Transport in Stanene: Roles of Bucklings and Electron–Phonon Couplings
Authors: Nakamura Yuma , Zhao Tianqi , Xi Jinyang , Shi Wen , Wang Dong , Shuai Zhigang 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe intrinsic charge transport of stanene is investigated by using density functional theory and density functional perturbation theory coupled with Boltzmann transport equations at the first‐principles level. The Wannier interpolation scheme is applied to calculate the charge carrier scatterings with all branches of phonons considering dispersion for the whole range of the first Brillouin zone. The intrinsic electron and hole mobilities are calculated to be (2–3) × 103 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 300 K. It is found that the intervalley scatterings from the out‐of‐plane and the transverse acoustic phonon modes dominate the carrier transport process. By contrast, the mobilities obtained by the conventional deformation potential approach are found to be as large as (2–3) × 106 cm2 V−1 s−1 at 300 K, in which the longitudinal acoustic phonon scattering in the long wavelength limit is assumed to be the dominant scattering mechanism. The inadequacy of the deformation potential approximation in stanene is attributed to the buckling in its honeycomb structure, which originates from the sp2–sp3 orbital hybridization and breaks the planar symmetry. This paper further proposes a strategy to enhance carrier mobilities by suppressing the out‐of‐plane vibrations through clamping by a substrate.
Hands‐off Ultrasound Technique: Utilizing Simultaneous Modeling to Enhance Ultrasound Training
Authors: Gottlieb Michael 
Published: October 2017

AbstractImage acquisition can be a challenging component of obtaining ultrasound proficiency. To assist with obtaining the correct image, instructors may take the transducer away or guide the learner's hand. However, this passive form of learning has been suggested to be much less valuable, as it removes learner autonomy and somatosensory cueing. This paper describes the hands‐off ultrasound technique, a simultaneous modeling teaching strategy using multimodal feedback to improve ultrasound image acquisition.
Alternate use of thrombopoietin receptor agonists in adult primary immune thrombocytopenia patients: A retrospective collaborative survey from Italian hematology centers
Authors: Cantoni Silvia , Carpenedo Monica , Mazzucconi Maria Gabriella , De Stefano Valerio , Carrai Valentina , Ruggeri Marco , Specchia Giorgina , Vianelli Nicola , Pane Fabrizio , Consoli Ugo , Artoni Andrea , Zaja Francesco , D'adda Mariella , Visentin Andrea , Ferrara Felicetto , Barcellini Wilma , Caramazza Domenica , Baldacci Erminia , Rossi Elena , Ricco Alessandra , Ciminello Angela , Rodeghiero Francesco , Nichelatti Michele , Cairoli Roberto 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSequential use of the TPO‐RAs romiplostim and eltrombopag in ITP patients failing either agent was retrospectively evaluated to assess efficacy and impact of clinical characteristics on outcome. Patients were grouped into 5 categories: efficacy issues: 1st TPO‐RA failure; loss of response; non‐efficacy issues: platelet fluctuations; patient's preference; adverse event development. Either one TPO‐RA sequence was analyzed at 3 month and at last follow‐up. 106/546 patients on TPO‐RA underwent switch and 65% achieved, regained or maintained a short‐ term response independent of switch sequence, gender or age; lower response rates were associated with lines of previous therapy; disease duration lowers probability to respond. Clinically, patients switched for efficacy issue did not differ from those switched for non‐efficacy issues. Response was achieved/regained in 57.8% of patients switched for efficacy issues, the lowest response rates were observed in non‐responders to 1st TPO‐RA; 80% of patients switched for non‐efficacy issues maintained a response. Platelet fluctuation resolved in 44.4%. Of the 49 patients evaluable for long‐term outcome, 27 were in response on therapy; 16 discontinued the TPO‐RA for reasons other than efficacy, while only 6 were non responders. We confirm the efficacy of TPO‐RA switch; once achieved, response to the 2nd TPO‐RA seems durable.
Validation of multi‐frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis versus dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry to measure body fat percentage in overweight/obese Colombian adults
Authors: Ramírez‐Vélez Robinson , Tordecilla‐Sanders Alejandra , Correa‐Bautista Jorge Enrique , González‐Ruíz Katherine , González‐Jiménez Emilio , Triana‐Reina Hector Reynaldo , García‐Hermoso Antonio , Schmidt‐RioValle Jacqueline 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectivesTo verify the validity of multi‐frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (mBCA) for predicting body fat percentage (BF%) in overweight/obese adults using dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the reference method.MethodsForty‐eight adults participated (54% women, mean age = 41.0 ± 7.3 years old). The Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to evaluate the correlation between BIA and BF% assessed by DXA. The concordance between BF% measured by both methods was obtained with Lin's concordance correlation coefficient and Bland–Altman difference plots.ResultsMeasures of BF% were estimated as 39.0 (SD = 6.1) and 38.3 (SD = 6.5) using DXA and mBCA, respectively. The Pearson's correlation coefficient reflected a strong correlation (r =.921, P = .001). The paired t‐test showed a significant mean difference between these methods for obese men BF% of −0.6 [(SD 1.95; 95% CI = −4.0 to 3.0), P =.037]. Overall, the bias of the mBCA was −0.6 [(SD 2.2; 95% CI = −5.0 to 3.7), P =.041], which indicated that the mBCA method significantly underestimated BF% in comparison to the reference method. Finally, in both genders, Lin's concordance correlation coefficient showed a strong agreement. More specifically the DXA value was ρc = 0.943 (95% CI = 0.775 to 0.950) and the mBCA value was ρc = 0.948 (95% CI = 0.778 to 0.978).ConclusionsOur analysis showed a strong agreement between the two methods as reflected in the range of BF%. These results show that mBCA and DXA are comparable methods for measuring body composition with higher body fat percentages. However, due to broad limits of agreement, we can only recommend mBCA for groups of populations.
Construction of fetal inferior facial angle and hemi‐mandible length reference ranges at 18–21 weeks’ gestation in an Australian population
Authors: Qiu Robert , MacKinlay Katie , Suen Melissa , McLennan Andrew 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this pilot study was to provide modern reference intervals for both inferior facial angle and hemi‐mandible length in fetuses of 18–21 weeks’ gestation.MethodsProspectively, 296 apparently normal fetuses were sonographically assessed at 18–21 weeks’ gestation. Inferior facial angle and hemi‐mandible length were measured and parametrically analysed with respect to gestational age. Regression models were derived for each parameter and compared with models of previous studies.ResultsThe mean inferior facial angle remained constant over the studied gestational age range at 63.9°, with 5th and 95th percentiles of 56.6° and 73.4°, respectively. Hemi‐mandible length was found to be positively correlated with gestational age over the studied range, and the mean value is described by the equation 40.89 mm – (6327.495 × GA−2) with a standard deviation of 1.231 mm.ConclusionModern reference intervals for inferior facial angle and hemi‐mandible length were defined within this pilot study. These reference intervals will aid in improving accuracy diagnosing micrognathia and our ability to differentiate true micrognathia from retrognathia.
Postoperative sinonasal morbidity in sellar reconstruction: mucosal autograft versus acellular dermal allograft
Authors: Roxbury Christopher R. , Magruder J. Trent , Ramanathan Murugappan , Lim Michael , Gallia Gary L. , Ishii Masaru , Reh Douglas D. 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundSellar pathology is increasingly addressed using the expanded endonasal approach (EEA). Although avascular graft reconstruction is an acceptable means to prevent cerebrospinal fluid leak, there are few data regarding sinonasal morbidity in these patients. In this study we compare rates of persistent postoperative crusting (PPC) and rhinosinusitis in patients undergoing sellar reconstruction with mucosal autografting and acellular dermal allografting (ADA).MethodsPatients undergoing the EEA between 2008 and 2014 were categorized into 2 subgroups: mucosal reconstruction and ADA reconstruction. Univariate analyses were performed to compare differences in PPC and rhinosinusitis in these groups and to identify risk factors for sinonasal morbidity. Multivariate propensity matching analysis was performed to match ADA and mucosa reconstruction groups with respect to age, race, gender, smoking status, diabetes status, tumor type, tumor size, and revision vs primary surgery.ResultsA total of 149 patients were identified. There were 105 patients reconstructed with autologous mucosa (70.5%) and 44 reconstructed with ADA (29.5%). Overall, PPC was seen in 20 patients (13.4%) and rhinosinusitis in 10 patients (6.7%). Propensity matching generated 39 patients reconstructed with ADA and 39 reconstructed with mucosa. There was a significant increase in PPC in patients reconstructed with ADA compared to those reconstructed with mucosa (8 of 39 [20.5%] vs 2 of 39 [5.1%], p = 0.04). There was no association between reconstruction with ADA and increased rhinosinusitis (3 of 39 [7.7%] vs 4 of 39 [10.3%], p = 0.64).ConclusionSinonasal morbidity is not uncommon after sellar reconstruction. Patients undergoing sellar reconstruction with ADA may be at increased risk of postoperative crusting compared with those undergoing reconstruction with mucosa.
Experimental and Computational Exploration of para‐Selective Silylation with a Hydrogen‐Bonded Template
Authors: Maji Arun , Guin Srimanta , Feng Sheng , Dahiya Amit , Singh Vikas Kumar , Liu Peng , Maiti Debabrata 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe regioselective conversion of C−H bonds into C−Si bonds is extremely important owing to the natural abundance and non‐toxicity of silicon. Classical silylation reactions often suffer from poor functional group compatibility, low atom economy, and insufficient regioselectivity. Herein, we disclose a template‐assisted method for the regioselective para silylation of toluene derivatives. A new template was designed, and the origin of selectivity was analyzed experimentally and computationally. An interesting substrate–solvent hydrogen‐bonding interaction was observed. Kinetic, spectroscopic, and computational studies shed light on the reaction mechanism. The synthetic significance of this strategy was highlighted by the generation of a precursor of a potential lipophilic bioisostere of γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), various late‐stage diversifications, and by mimicking enzymatic transformations.
Co‐adsorption of Cations as the Cause of the Apparent pH Dependence of Hydrogen Adsorption on a Stepped Platinum Single‐Crystal Electrode
Authors: Chen Xiaoting , McCrum Ian T. , Schwarz Kathleen A. , Janik Michael J. , Koper Marc T. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe successful deployment of advanced energy‐conversion systems depends critically on our understanding of the fundamental interactions of the key adsorbed intermediates (hydrogen *H and hydroxyl *OH) at electrified metal–aqueous electrolyte interfaces. The effect of alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+) on the non‐Nernstian pH shift of the step‐related voltammetric peak of the Pt(553) electrode is investigated over a wide pH window (1 to 13) by means of experimental and computational methods. The co‐adsorbed alkali cations along the step weaken the OH adsorption at the step sites, causing a positive shift of the potential of the step‐related peak on Pt(553). Density functional calculations explain the observations on the identity and concentration of alkali cations on the non‐Nernstian pH shift, and demonstrate that cation–hydroxyl co‐adsorption causes the apparent pH dependence of “hydrogen” adsorption in the step sites of platinum electrodes.
A Copper‐Catalyzed Aerobic [1,3]‐Nitrogen Shift through Nitrogen‐Radical 4‐exo‐trig Cyclization
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Rui , Wang Tao , Cheng Xiu‐Fen , Zhou Xin , Fei Fan , Wang Xi‐Sheng 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA novel radical [1,3]‐nitrogen shift catalyzed by copper diacetate under an oxygen atmosphere (1 atm) has been developed for the construction of a diverse range of indole derivatives from α,α‐disubstituted benzylamine. In this reaction, oxygen was used as a clean terminal oxidant, and water was produced as the only by‐product. Five inert bonds were cleaved, and two C−N bonds and one C−C double bond were constructed in one pot during this transformation. This unique method demonstrated broad application protential for the late‐stage modification of biologically active natural products and drugs. Mechanistic investigations indicate that a unique 4‐exo‐trig cyclization of an aminyl radical onto a phenyl ring is involved in the catalytic cycle.
Compatibilization of poly(lactic acid)/high impact polystyrene interface using copolymer poly(stylene‐ran‐methyl acrylate)
Authors: Gong Xinghou , Gao Xiang , Tang Chak Yin , Law Wing‐Cheung , Chen Ling , Hu Tao , Wu Chonggang , Tsui Chi Pong , Rao Nanxi 
Published: October 2017

ABSTRACTIn this work, a surfactant‐free emulsion polymerization method was utilized to synthesize poly(styrene‐ran‐methyl acrylate) (PSMA) at a styrene/(methyl acrylate) mole ratio of 75/25 with the aim to compatibilize high impact polystyrene (HIPS)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA) interface. HIPS/PLA blends with different PSMA contents were prepared. Their phase morphologies, mechanical properties, and rheological and crystallization behaviors were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, tensile tests, rotational rheometry, and differential scanning calorimetry. The rheological results showed that the complex viscosity, storage moduli, and loss moduli of PLA/HIPS blends were enhanced with increasing PSMA content. A decrease in the degree of crystallinity of PLA in PLA/HIPS blends with the addition of PSMA was observed in the differential scanning calorimetry results. It was also revealed that the addition of a small amount of PSMA can effectively improve the compatibility and thus the interfacial adhesion of the PLA/HIPS blends, thereby reducing the size of the HIPS dispersion phase. When 1 wt % of PSMA was used, compared with the PLA/HIPS blends without PSMA, the tensile strength and notched Charpy impact strength of PLA/HIPS blends were improved by 95.3% and 104.8%, respectively. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 45799.
Li2MnSnSe4: A New Quaternary Diamond‐Like Semiconductor with Nonlinear Optical Response and Antiferromagnetic Property
Authors: Li Xiaoshuang , Li Chao , Zhou Molin , Wu Yicheng , Yao Jiyong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA new selenide with a diamond‐like structure, Li2MnSnSe4, was synthesized for the first time by using a conventional high‐temperature solid‐state reaction method. Li2MnSnSe4 crystallizes in the space group Pmn21 (no. 31) of the orthorhombic system. Its three‐dimensional framework is constructed by corner‐sharing LiSe4, MnSe4, and SnSe4 tetrahedra. The title compound has been discovered to have both type I phase‐matchable behavior and to exhibit moderate powder second‐harmonic generation intensity, about 0.5 times that of commercial AgGaS2 in the particle size of 200–250 μm at a laser radiation of 2.09 μm. In addition, Li2MnSnSe4 exhibits congruent melting behavior, which makes the bulk single‐crystal growth by the Bridgman–Stockbarger method possible. The temperature‐dependent susceptibility measurement indicates an antiferromagnetic interaction with a Néel temperature (TN) of 8.6 K for this compound.