bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trainee district nurses' understanding and perceptions of the palliative care key worker role: a qualitative study
Authors: McDonald Lisa , Hasson Felicity 
Published: September 2024

Background: The district nurse is identified as a keyworker in community based palliative care. However, a dearth of research exists on trainees' views and understanding of adopting the role upon qualification. Aims: The aim of this study was to explore the understanding and perceptions of district nurse trainees in relation to the palliative care key worker role. Methods: Data was gathered via online semi-structured interviews (n=10) and the results were analysed using a thematic model. Findings: The four evolving themes included: understanding of the palliative care key worker role scope and function; the level of preparation for the role; a juggling act and embedding the role in practice. Conclusion: The themes highlighted various drivers and barriers that reflect a degree of incongruence with policy and practice. Recommendations to standardise the palliative care key worker role, underpinned by formal preparation and clearly defined responsibilities may enhance future development and implementation of the role.
Predicting Chlorophyll-a Concentration and Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Okeechobee Using Time-Series MODIS Satellite Imagery and Long Short-Term Memory
Authors: Bagherian Kamand , Fernández-Figueroa Edna G. , Rogers Stephanie R. , Wilson Alan E. , Bao Yin 
Published: September 2024

HighlightsA 10-year dataset of time-series MODIS imagery and in situ Chl-a concentration were curated for Lake Okeechobee.LSTM significantly outperformed KNN, SVR, and RF for Chl-a prediction and subsequent HAB detection.The optimal window length was found to be 13 days with a 4-day temporal resolution for the LSTM model.KNN, SVR, and RF models were not effective at utilizing the temporal dynamics of the input features.Abstract. Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in inland waterbodies are a global concern due to their negative impact on human, animal, and ecosystem health. Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration is an important water quality parameter for monitoring HABs. While statistical and machine learning (ML) models have been widely studied to predict Chl-a concentration and HABs based on single-time-point satellite data, this work assessed whether long short-term memory (LSTM) can improve both tasks by leveraging temporal features in time-series MODIS satellite images compared to three classical ML models, including k-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector regression (SVR), and random forest (RF). A dataset of daily MODIS images and monthly in situ Chl-a concentration measurements from 2011 to 2020 was curated for Lake Okeechobee, Florida. A window size of 13 days with a temporal resolution of four days was found to produce the optimal performance for LSTM, which significantly outperformed KNN, SVR, and RF for Chl-a prediction with a root mean square error of 11.95 µg/L, a mean absolute error of 8.55 µg/L, and a R2 value of 0.43. The superior performance of LSTM for Chl-a prediction was likely due to its ability to leverage the temporal dynamics in the features associated with HAB development. The Chl-a predictions were further used to determine HAB events, showing better accuracy and a significantly higher F1 score for LSTM over the other models. The study suggested that combining LSTM with high-temporal-resolution time-series data should be preferred over applying common ML models on time-series or single-time-point remote sensing data for Chl-a and HAB monitoring. Keywords: Cyanobacteria, LSTM, Machine Learning, Remote Sensing, Water Quality.
Hydraulic Characterization of the External Flow Field of a Pressure-Self-Controlled Water-Pesticide Integrated Sprinkler
Authors: Liu Junping , Zhao Yanyan , Pei Ji , Hussain Zawar , Mughal Waqas 
Published: September 2024

HighlightsA pressure-self-controlled water-pesticide integrated sprinkler was developed for trellis crops.The dual-flow channel design integrates both water and pesticides and allows simultaneous downward irrigation of grape roots and upward spraying of grape branches and leaves.The comprehensive scoring method was employed to evaluate the spraying performance of the water-pesticide integrated sprinkler for both irrigation and spraying modes.Abstract. To ensure optimal growth of plants, including for trellis-style grape cultivation, it is essential to provide water to plant roots, branches, and leaves. Unfortunately, existing sprinkler systems are not designed to accommodate irrigation and spraying at the same time. To address this issue, a pressure-self-controlled water-pesticide integrated sprinkler was developed for trellis crops in this research. To assess the performances of irrigation and spraying modes, several factors, including the droplet diameter, droplet velocity, droplet striking kinetic energy, spray uniformity, and velocity distribution, were evaluated. Advanced measurement tools such as a two-dimensional video disdrometer (2DVD) and a particle image velocimeter (PIV) were employed to experimentally study the hydraulic features of different working modes. This study provides precise working parameters, including pressure and installation height, for the sprinkler system under different conditions. These parameters offer valuable engineering guidance. Notably, during irrigation, the sprinkler dispersed water toward the ground to irrigate the roots. Furthermore, the spray droplet diameter and velocity decreased with increasing pressure. Based on an analysis of the parameters affecting the droplet striking kinetic energy, the recommended optimal working pressure is 250 kPa. The high-pressure water produced by the sprinkler in the spraying mode effectively covered the crop leaves at an optimal working pressure of 400 kPa, as determined by the spray distribution pattern at different heights. In this study, for the water-pesticide integrated sprinkler, we recommend an installation height of 1.4 m for optimal operation. These findings could promote the practical application of this system. Keywords: Hydraulic performance, Spray characteristics, Spraying, Sprinkler irrigation, Water-pesticide integrated systems.
Efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with transhepatic artery embolization chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: A meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Kerui , Wang Sisi , Li Xueping , Wu Shuoming 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveMeta-analysis was used to assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with transhepatic artery embolization chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma.MethodsRandomized controlled studies on ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with transhepatic artery embolization chemotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma were searched in the databases of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane library, web of science with a search deadline of March 14, 2024. Data were analyzed using Stata 15.0.ResultSix randomized controlled studies involving 520 individuals were finally included, the results of meta-analysis showed that ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with TACE can improve objective response rate [RR = 1.52, 95%CI (1.28, 1.81)], improve disease control rate [RR = 1.15, 95%CI (1.06, 1.24)], The survival rate [RR = 1.34, 95%CI (1.19,1.51)] did not increase adverse reactions [RR = 1.34, 95%CI (1.00,1.79)].ConclusionBased on the findings of the current study, ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation combined with TACE was found to improve the objective remission rate, disease control rate, and did not increase adverse events in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Body appreciation is associated with optimism/pessimism in patients with chronic kidney disease: Results from a cross-sectional study and validation of the Arabic version of the Optimism–Pessimism Short Scale–2
Authors: Hajj-Moussa Maroun , El Hachem Nay , El Sebaaly Ziad , Moubarak Perla , Kahwagi Reine-Marie , Malaeb Diana , Hallit Rabih , El Khatib Sami , Hallit Souheil , Obeid Sahar , Fekih-Romdhane Feten 
Published: September 2024

Background
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients encounter many obstacles that affect their physical and psychological well-being. The primary objective of the present study was to investigate potential correlates of optimism/pessimism in a sample of patients with CKD, including socio-demographics, body appreciation and disordered eating symptoms. As a secondary objective, we proposed to examine the psychometric properties of an Arabic translation of the Optimism–Pessimism Short Scale–2 (SOP2) before its use in our sample.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was carried out between April and May 2023, enrolling 108 participants from three hospitals in Lebanon providing insights into their sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity levels, body appreciation, optimism, pessimism, and eating attitudes.

Results
Results indicated that the Arabic-language adaptation of the SOP2 has good reliability coefficients. The two facets of the scale displayed a strong correlation to each other, and highly similar correlations with external study variables (i.e., household crowding index, physical activity, body appreciation, disordered eating), suggesting that the SOP2 can be interpreted as a unidimensional measure for the psychological dispositional optimism as proposed by the developers. Furthermore, findings revealed a strong positive correlation between body appreciation and optimism, suggesting that CKD patients who appreciate their bodies tend to exhibit a more optimistic outlook on life. Conversely, higher body appreciation is associated with lower pessimism, indicating that a positive body image may mitigate feelings of hopelessness and despair in CKD patients.

Conclusion
This study contributes to the literature in two ways. First, it offers the Arabic SOP2 as an brief tool to administer, and psychometrically sound instrument that can be useful for clinical and research purposes. Second, it unveils a clear correlation between higher body appreciation and a more optimistic, less pessimistic mindset in patients with CKD.
Associations between corticosteroid dosage and clinical outcomes in patients with hypoxemic COVID-19 pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Teeratakulpisarn Napassorn , Chiewroongroj Supattra , Naorungroj Thummaporn , Ratanarat Ranistha 
Published: September 2024

Background
Corticosteroids are commonly used to treat COVID-19 patients with hypoxemia, and clinicians have adjusted the corticosteroid intensity on the basis of clinical needs. However, neither the optimal dose nor the duration of treatment has been recommended.

Objective
To investigate whether cumulative doses of corticosteroids, measured as dexamethasone-equivalent doses over the first 14 days, impact outcomes in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective cohort study of COVID-19 pneumonia patients admitted between April 1st, 2020, and September 30th, 2021. The study focused on the type and dose of corticosteroid administered during the initial 14 days, clinical outcomes, and complications. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality.

Results
Among 271 patients, the mean cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was 158 (119.9–197.25) mg in survivors and 185 (131.7–222.0) mg in nonsurvivors. Univariate analysis revealed that the cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was a risk factor for in-hospital mortality. However, this association did not hold true in the multivariate analysis. After the cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose was categorized into quartiles, the moderate dosage (126.01–165.00 mg) in the second quartile was found to be associated with the lowest in-hospital mortality (16.2%). Higher cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent doses were associated with longer hospital and ICU stays and fewer ventilator-free days (p < 0.001). Doses exceeding 165 mg were associated with an increased risk of hospital-acquired infections (p < 0.001).

Conclusions
The cumulative dexamethasone-equivalent dose during the first 14 days is not associated with in-hospital mortality in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients. However, higher cumulative doses exceeding 165 mg are associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality and secondary hospital-acquired infections.
Unveiling the Exodus: A scoping review of attrition in allied health
Authors: Yeoh Su Ann , Kumar Saravana , Phillips Anna , Li Lok Sze Katrina 
Published: September 2024

Background
Efficient utilisation of allied health workforce may help address the predicted shortfall of 18 million health workers estimated by 2030. Knowledge about allied health professionals’ attrition, or intention to leave, and factors influencing attrition can assist in developing evidence-informed strategies to mitigate this issue. The review aimed to map attrition and attrition intention rates, and its attributing factors for allied health professions worldwide.

Methods
Adhering to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a comprehensive search was conducted across academic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Embase, Emcare, CINAHL, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library database) and grey literature (Google, Google Scholar, organisational websites). Two reviewers independently undertook a two-stage screening process along with data extraction using customised data extraction forms. A narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the data.

Results
Thirty-two studies published between 1990 and 2024 were included. Attrition rates ranged from 0.5% to 41% across allied health disciplines. Pharmacists demonstrated the lowest attrition rates, while audiologists reported the highest. Radiographers reported the lowest intent to leave at 7.6%, while occupational therapists showed highest intent to leave, ranging from 10.7% to 74.1%. The analysis revealed three recurring themes contributing to attrition: profession-centric factors (e.g., career progression, job satisfaction, support, and professional growth), systemic-centric factors (e.g., compensation, staffing challenges, clinical practices, patient care, workload), and individual-centric factors (e.g., recognition, the need for change, and burnout).

Conclusion
Attrition in allied health remains a significant challenge. Addressing this issue requires a systemic, nuanced, and evidence-based approach, given the complex, interlinked, and multifaceted factors contributing to attrition. The younger workforce, characterized by changing generational values, necessitates innovative thinking, intersectoral collaboration, and the potential for co-created solutions with, for, and by the allied health workforce.
A cross sectional study on levels of dental anxiety, its influencing factors, and the preferred management techniques among patients in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alowid Albandri Mohammed , Hebbal Mamata , Aldegheishem Alhanoof , Nadakkavukaran Santhosh Varkey , Surath Kumar Ram , Alfayyadh Atheer Mohammed , Alateeq Njoud Ibrahim , Alomran Sara mazen , Aleban Shog Abdulelah 
Published: September 2024

Background
Dental anxiety is marked by intense and irrational fear of dental procedures affecting millions of individuals worldwide. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental anxiety, its influencing factors, and the preferred management techniques among adults seeking dental care in Riyadh.

Methods
A cross-sectional questionnaire study was carried out among 1734 patients who visited dental clinics in Riyadh. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and validated, comprising 28 closed-ended questions; it demonstrated good reliability and internal consistency (Cohen’s kappa coefficient = 0.90, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient = 0.86), it contained pre-validated Modified Dental Anxiety Scale to quantitatively assess the level of dental anxiety. Data analysis involved descriptive analysis, Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression.

Results
Majority (59.2%) of participants reported moderate anxiety, while 10.9% experienced high anxiety which was significantly linked to factors such as fear of pain (37.8%) and anaesthetic needles (25.8%). Topical anaesthetic gel (64.5%), pre-treatment explanations (78.9%), and conducive clinic environment (79.4%) were perceived as effective anxiety alleviators. A negative correlation existed between dental anxiety and preferred management techniques. Dental anxiety had significant association between gender (β = 0.910) and age (β = 0.263).

Conclusion
This study revealed that majority of participants had moderate dental anxiety, linked significantly to influencing factors like frequency and purpose of dental visits and past dental experiences. The study also found the preferred anxiety management methods among participants which included topical anaesthetic gel, pre-treatment explanations, and a comfortable clinic environment.
Frequent hemodialysis versus standard hemodialysis for people with kidney failure: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Natale Patrizia , Green Suetonia C. , Rose Matthias , Bots Michiel L. , Blankestijn Peter J. , Vernooij Robin W. M. , Gerittsen Karin , Woodward Mark , Hockham Carinna , Cromm Krister , Barth Claudia , Davenport Andrew , Hegbrant Jörgen , Sarafidis Pantelis , Das Partha , Wanner Christoph , Nissenson Allan R. , Sautenet Benedicte , Török Marietta , Strippoli Giovanni 
Published: September 2024

Background
Frequent hemodialysis provided more than three times per week may lower mortality and improve health-related quality of life. Yet, the evidence is inconclusive. We evaluated the benefits and harms of frequent hemodialysis in people with kidney failure compared with standard hemodialysis.

Methods
We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials including adults on hemodialysis with highly sensitive searching in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and Google Scholar on 3 January 2024. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool. We adjudicated evidence certainty using GRADE.

Results
From 11,142 unique citations, only seven studies involving 518 participants proved eligible. The effects of frequent hemodialysis on physical and mental health were imprecise due to few data. Frequent hemodialysis probably had uncertain effect on death from all cause compared with standard hemodialysis (relative risk 0.79, 95% confidence interval 0.33–1.91, low certainty evidence). Data were not reported for death from cardiovascular causes, major cardiovascular events, fatigue or vascular access.

Conclusion
The evidentiary basis for frequent hemodialysis is incomplete due to clinical trials with few or no events reported for mortality and cardiovascular outcome measures and few participants in which patient-reported outcomes including health-related quality of life and symptoms were reported.
Analisis Profesi Pekerjaan Infortaiment dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam
Authors: Khalis Mujahid 
Published: September 2024

Abstrak: Hingga dewasa ini, fenomena gibah terjadi dalam berbagai bentuk Salah satu bentuknya ialah program infotainment yang disajikan oleh stasiun televisi. Dalam infotainment terdapat unsur-unsur perbuatan gibah, sehingga menimbulkan tanggapan dari masyarakat luas, baik perorangan maupun kolektif. Pada pertengahan 2006, Nahdhatul Ulama (NU) pernah mengeluarkan fatwa perihal tersebut. Menurut fatwa NU, program infotainment gosip merupakan perbuatan gibah yang diharamkan oleh agama. Ketua Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) KH. Amidhan mengingatkan para pekerja infotainment agar harus hati-hati dalam menjalankan tugasnya. Soalnya, banyak keluhan masyarakat bahwa pekerja infotainment dalam menjalankan tugas kesehariannya lebih cenderung menggali-gali kesalahan orang dan menggangu hak privasi narasumber. Celakanya, kesalahan itu diungkap tanpa didasarkan pada fakta yang benar. Jika keluhan masyarakat itu benar, tugas para
pekerja infotainment itu masuk kategori gibah. Para pencari berita untuk infotainment tentu lebih mengarah pada kepentingan hiburan dan bisnis pertelevisian semata, seiring dengan maraknya tayangan-tayangan televisi yang memuat berita-berita tentang kehidupan seputar artis yang pada kenyataannya sering membuat para penonton dan sebagian besar masyarakat di negara Indonesia terus dihinggapi mimpi dengan siaran-siaran yang kurang mendidik. Sedangkan profesi kewartawanan adalah profesi mulia yang selalu berusaha mengungkapkan kebenaran berdasarkan hasil liputan peristiwa aktual berdasarkan fakta-fakta yang terjadi di lapangan. Dalam penelitian ini masalah yang ditemukan adalah apakah pekerjaan Infotainment dapat dipandang sebagai profesi dalam etika kerja Islam dan bagaimana pandangan Fiqih muamalat terhadap etika kerja infotainment. Maka penyusun mencarinya dengan etika kerja Islam dan melihat pekerjaan infotainment.
Berdasarkan hasil analisis etika kerja Islam terhadap data hasil penelitian, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa profesi pekerja infotainment adalah tidak sesuai dengan ketentuan etika kerja Islam karena di dalam al-Qur'an dan hadits tidak ada ketentuan mengenai pekerja infotainment yang selalu merugikan hak privasi orang lain dan pekerja infotainment selalu menggunjing seseorang yang tidak dibenarkan dalam etika kerja Islam dan kode etik jurnalistik sendiri.
Osteopontin deletion attenuates cyst growth but exacerbates fibrosis in mice with cystic kidney disease
Authors: Jansson Kyle P. , Kuluva Jordan , Zhang Shiqin , Swanson Taylor , Zhang Yan , Zimmerman Kurt A. , Fields Timothy A. , Wallace Darren P. , Rowe Peter S. , Stubbs Jason R. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOsteopontin (OPN) is a multi‐functional glycoprotein that coordinates the innate immune response, prevents nanocrystal formation in renal tubule fluid, and is a biomarker for kidney injury. OPN expression is markedly increased in cystic epithelial cells of polycystic kidney disease (PKD) kidneys; however, its role in PKD progression remains unclear. We investigated the in vitro effects of recombinant OPN on the proliferation of tubular epithelial cells from PKD and normal human kidneys and in vivo effects of OPN deletion on kidney cyst formation, fibrosis, and mineral metabolism in pcy/pcy mice, a non‐orthologous model of autosomal‐dominant PKD. In vitro studies revealed that OPN enhanced the proliferation of PKD cells but had no effect on normal kidney cells. Deletion of OPN in pcy/pcy mice significantly reduced kidney cyst burden; however, this was accompanied by increased fibrosis and no change in kidney function. The loss of OPN had no effect on kidney macrophage numbers, cyst epithelial cell proliferation, or apoptosis. Furthermore, there was no difference in kidney mineral deposition or mineral metabolism parameters between pcy/pcy mice with and without OPN expression. Global deletion of OPN reduced kidney cyst burden, while paradoxically exacerbating kidney fibrosis in mice with cystic kidney disease.