bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Winners and Losers in International Trade: The Effects on US Presidential Voting
Authors: Jensen J. Bradford , Quinn Dennis P. , Weymouth Stephen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractInternational trade directly influences US presidential elections. We explore the electoral implications of the increasing tradability of services and the large US surplus in services trade. Our paper builds on prior work showing that job insecurity from import competition in manufacturing diminishes political support for incumbents. We construct novel measures of the tradability of an industry using establishment-level data covering nearly all US economic activity. We find increases in incumbent party vote shares in counties with large numbers of workers in high-skilled tradable services as well as goods, and decreases in counties with high employment in low-skilled manufacturing. Incumbent parties are particularly vulnerable to losing votes in swing states with many low-skilled manufacturing workers. In national-level models, we show for the first time that increasing imports (exports) are associated with decreasing (increasing) presidential incumbent vote shares. The national-level effects are large and politically consequential. We also find an Electoral College incentive to protect the manufacturing sector and to oppose trade agreements.
Rethinking the Regulation of Environment Impact Assessment and Precaution in Mauritius
Authors: Lim Tung Odile Juliette 
Published: May 2017

AbstractAs a small island developing state, Mauritius needs to manage its natural assets with a precautionary approach, especially as the tourism industry is one of the main pillars of its economy. While the precautionary principle has no statutory value in Mauritius, it serves as a guiding principle in environmental decision making. Since 1993, the assessment of impact has been mandatory under the Environment Protection Act (EPA) for major development activities, to avoid activities that may have a significant adverse impact on the environment and society. The local impact assessment procedure currently includes two categories of undertakings listed in the EPA, namely the environment impact assessment (EIA) and the preliminary environment report for undertakings with less environmental and socio-economic impact. This article examines the Mauritian EIA regulatory mechanism and seeks to strengthen the EIA process with a precautionary approach, to achieve more effective regulation and implementation.
Sleeping with one eye open: loneliness and sleep quality in young adults
Authors: Matthews T. , Danese A. , Gregory A. M. , Caspi A. , Moffitt T. E. , Arseneault L. 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundFeelings of loneliness are common among young adults, and are hypothesized to impair the quality of sleep. In the present study, we tested associations between loneliness and sleep quality in a nationally representative sample of young adults. Further, based on the hypothesis that sleep problems in lonely individuals are driven by increased vigilance for threat, we tested whether past exposure to violence exacerbated this association.MethodData were drawn from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a birth cohort of 2232 twins born in England and Wales in 1994 and 1995. We measured loneliness using items from the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. We controlled for covariates including social isolation, psychopathology, employment status and being a parent of an infant. We examined twin differences to control for unmeasured genetic and family environment factors.ResultsFeelings of loneliness were associated with worse overall sleep quality. Loneliness was associated specifically with subjective sleep quality and daytime dysfunction. These associations were robust to controls for covariates. Among monozygotic twins, within-twin pair differences in loneliness were significantly associated with within-pair differences in sleep quality, indicating an association independent of unmeasured familial influences. The association between loneliness and sleep quality was exacerbated among individuals exposed to violence victimization in adolescence or maltreatment in childhood.ConclusionsLoneliness is robustly associated with poorer sleep quality in young people, underscoring the importance of early interventions to mitigate the long-term outcomes of loneliness. Special care should be directed towards individuals who have experienced victimization.
The Triumph of Letters: Rewriting Cicero inad Fam. 15
Authors: Martelli Francesca 
Published: May 2017

ABSTRACTReadings of Cicero'sad Fam. 15 commonly focus on Cicero's bid for asupplicatioin 51b.c.e., which supplies this book of letters with one of its most dominant refrains. Yet this emphasis sits oddly with the book's position within the letter collection as a whole. This article argues that whoever organized the books of thead Fam.into sequence has invested the idea of thesupplicatio,and of Cicero's aspiration for a triumph, with a new metaphorical significance that it would not have had at the time of the letters’ writing. My reading attempts to locate this retrospective significance and to trace the portrait of Cicero that emerges from it.
Pragmatic prospection emphasizes utility of predicting rather than mere predictability
Authors: Baumeister Roy F. , Clark Cory J. , Kim JongHan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractContrary to one assumption of CLASH, we suggest that colder rather than warm climates are the harsh, unpredictable ones, thus requiring greater self-control. We propose shifting emphasis from predictability to utility of prediction. Northern climates may be less predictable than tropical ones, making predictions and planning far more important, insofar as they can prevent fatalities and promote other pragmatic benefits.
The CLASH model lacks evolutionary and archeological support
Authors: Fuentes Agustin , Kissel Marc , Oka Rahul , Sheridan Susan , Kim Nam , Piscitelli Matthew 
Published: May 2017

AbstractData from archaeology and paleoanthropology directly challenge the validity of the basic assumptions of the CLASH model. By not incorporating a “deep time” perspective, the hypothesis lacks the evolutionary baseline the authors seek to infer in validating the model.
Climate is not a good candidate to account for variations in aggression and violence across space and time
Authors: Mell Hugo , Safra Lou , Baumard Nicolas , Jacquet Pierre O. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe agree with Van Lange et al. that climate is likely to affect individuals' social behavior in many ways. However, we suspect that its impact on physiology and psychology is so remote that its predictive power disintegrates almost completely through the causal chain underlying aggression and violence.
Hell on earth? Equatorial peaks of heat, poverty, and aggression
Authors: Van de Vliert Evert , Daan Serge 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVan Lange et al.'s global CLASH model overemphasizes climatic origins and underemphasizes economic origins of aggression. Our 167-country analysis of latitudinal gradients of heat, poverty, and aggression finds that heat-induced aggression is mediated by poverty and that heat tempers rather than fuels poverty-induced aggression. More importantly, the CLASH model hints at latitudinal, equatorial, and hemispheric upgradings of climato-economic modeling of human behavior.
Sociocultural discourse in science: Flawed assumptions and bias in the CLASH model
Authors: Van Voorhees Elizabeth E. , Wilson Sarah M. , Calhoun Patrick S. , Elbogen Eric B. , Beckham Jean C. , Kimbrel Nathan A. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this commentary, we contest Van Lange and colleagues' central claim that “countries closer to the equator are generally more violent.” We point to the lack of credible empirical evidence for this assertion and suggest that the CLASH model uses the language of science to lend false credibility to a problematic sociocultural discourse.
Why the CLASH model is an unconvincing evolutionary theory of crime
Authors: Boutwell Brian B. , Winegard Bo 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe CLASH model is not convincing for two reasons. First, it ignores prior research proposing very similar ideas in a more compelling fashion. Second, it dismisses the role of genetic factors in shaping criminal propensities across population groups, opting for a facultative view of life history evolution that does not seem to square with current evidence.
Russian data refute the CLASH model
Authors: Prudkov Pavel N. , Rodina Olga N. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe examined the CLASH model using the data on climate and violence from the Russian Federation. The Russian Federation is a huge country with dramatic climatic differences between regions. Our results are absolutely inconsistent with the model. We consider there are a range of climates in which the human organism functions optimally. Deviations from the range cause impulsiveness and aggression.
Mapping multiple drivers of human obesity
Authors: Bentley R. Alexander , O'Brien Michael J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe insurance hypothesis is a reasonable explanation for the current obesity epidemic. One alternative explanation is that the marketing of high-sugar foods, especially sugar-sweetened beverages, drives the rise in obesity. Another prominent hypothesis is that obesity spreads through social influence. We offer a framework for estimating the extent to which these different models explain the rise in obesity.
Emerging approaches in literature-based discovery: techniques and performance review
Authors: Sebastian Yakub , Siew Eu-Gene , Orimaye Sylvester O. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractLiterature-based discovery systems aim at discovering valuable latent connections between previously disparate research areas. This is achieved by analyzing the contents of their respective literatures with the help of various intelligent computational techniques. In this paper, we review the progress of literature-based discovery research, focusing on understanding their technical features and evaluating their performance. The present literature-based discovery techniques can be divided into two general approaches: the traditional approach and the emerging approach. The traditional approach, which dominate the current research landscape, comprises mainly of techniques that rely on utilizing lexical statistics, knowledge-based and visualization methods in order to address literature-based discovery problems. On the other hand, we have also observed the births of new trends and unprecedented paradigm shifts among the recently emerging literature-based discovery approach. These trends are likely to shape the future trajectory of the next generation literature-based discovery systems.
Edwards valve-in-valve implantation in tricuspid position
Authors: Álvarez-Fuente Maria , Haas Nikolaus A. , del Cerro Maria Jesus 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWe present two cases of percutaneous Sapien XT valve-in-valve implantation in the tricuspid position: a 20-year-old man with severe congenital pulmonary stenosis and percutaneous valvuloplasty, who required surgical implantation of two protheses, pulmonary and tricuspid, and a 12-year-old boy with CHD and a degenerated tricuspid prosthesis. We implanted three Sapien XT valve-in-valves, two in the tricuspid position and one in the pulmonic position. Sapien XT valve-in-valve implantation in the tricuspid position is feasible and can decrease the number of surgeries in CHD patients.
Prichard on Causing a Change
Authors: Dancy Jonathan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis paper starts by considering an interesting argument of H.A. Prichard’s against the view that to act is to cause a change; the argument is that causing is not an activity. The argument is important because of the recent emergence of an ‘agent-causation’ view according to which actions are the causing of changes by agents. I suggest a way of responding to Prichard’s argument, and then, profiting from one of his own conclusions, turn to consider the relation between neurophysiological changes and the causation of bodily movement by the agent. I make a suggestion about the proper way to understand the relation between the neurophysiological changes, the bodily movements and the action.
Motor Skill and Moral Virtue
Authors: Fridland Ellen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractVirtue ethicists often appeal to practical skill as a way of understanding the nature of virtue. An important commitment of a skill account of virtue is that virtue is learned through practice and not through study, memorization, or reflection alone. In what follows, I will argue that virtue ethicists have only given us half the story. In particular, in focusing on outputs, or on the right actions or responses to moral situations, virtue ethicists have overlooked a crucial facet of virtue: namely, that through practice, virtuous agents develop a cache of perceptual skills that allow them to attend to, detect, and identify the relevant features of a perceptual array, the selection of which is central to recognizing and categorizing a situation as a moral situation of a particular type. In order to support this claim, I will appeal to empirical studies of motor expertise, which show that an expert's capacity to attend to and recognize relevant perceptual inputs differs in important respects from the layperson's. Specifically, I will argue that performing the right action in the right circumstances improves an agent's ability to attend to and identify the morally relevant features of a moral situation.
Action as Downward Causation
Authors: Steward Helen 
Published: May 2017

AbstractIn this paper, I try to argue that the recognition that non-human animals are relevant to the free will problem delivers interesting new ways of thinking about the central metaphysical issues at the heart of that problem. Some such dividends, I suggest, are the following: (i) that the problem of free will can be considered to be just a more specific version of a general question concerning how agency is to be fitted into the natural world; (ii) that action can be usefully regarded as an especially interesting form of downward causation; and that (iii) the metaphysical possibility of downward causation, and hence, indirectly, also of free will, can be illuminated in valuable ways by thinking about the hierarchical structure of, and systems of functioning within, biological organisms.
Why do we find ourselves around a yellow star instead of a red star?
Authors: Haqq-Misra Jacob , Kopparapu Ravi Kumar , Wolf Eric T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractM-dwarf stars are more abundant than G-dwarf stars, so our position as observers on a planet orbiting a G-dwarf raises questions about the suitability of other stellar types for supporting life. If we consider ourselves as typical, in the anthropic sense that our environment is probably a typical one for conscious observers, then we are led to the conclusion that planets orbiting in the habitable zone of G-dwarf stars should be the best place for conscious life to develop. But such a conclusion neglects the possibility that K-dwarfs or M-dwarfs could provide more numerous sites for life to develop, both now and in the future. In this paper we analyse this problem through Bayesian inference to demonstrate that our occurrence around a G-dwarf might be a slight statistical anomaly, but only the sort of chance event that we expect to occur regularly. Even if M-dwarfs provide more numerous habitable planets today and in the future, we still expect mid G- to early K-dwarfs stars to be the most likely place for observers like ourselves. This suggests that observers with similar cognitive capabilities as us are most likely to be found at the present time and place, rather than in the future or around much smaller stars.
Methyl isonicotinate – a non-pheromone thrips semiochemical – and its potential for pest management
Authors: Teulon D.A.J. , Davidson M.M. , Perry N.B. , Nielsen M.-C. , Castañé C. , Bosch D. , Riudavets J. , van Tol R.W.H.M. , de Kogel W.J. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractMethyl isonicotinate is one of several patented 4-pyridyl carbonyl compounds being investigated for a variety of uses in thrips pest management. It is probably the most extensively studied thrips non-pheromone semiochemical, with field and glasshouse trapping experiments, and wind tunnel and Y-tube olfactometer studies in several countries demonstrating a behavioural response that results in increased trap capture of at least 12 thrips species, including the cosmopolitan virus vectors such as western flower thrips and onion thrips. Methyl isonicotinate has several of the characteristics that are required for an effective semiochemical tool and is being mainly used as a lure in combination with coloured sticky traps for enhanced monitoring of thrips in greenhouses. Research indicates that this non-pheromone semiochemical has the potential to be used for other thrips management strategies such as mass trapping, lure and kill, lure and infect, and as a behavioural synergist in conjunction with insecticides, in a range of indoor and outdoor crops.
Evaluation of onion (Allium cepa) germplasm entries for resistance to onion thrips, Thrips tabaci (Lindeman) in Tanzania
Authors: Njau Gabriel Michael , Nyomora Agnes M. S. , Dinssa Fekadu Fufa , Chang Jian-Cheng , Malini P. , Subramanian S. , Srinivasan R. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractOnion thrips,Thrips tabaci(Lindeman), is a prominent species infesting onion and tomato in the northern highlands of Tanzania. It causes considerable leaf damage by direct feeding and also transmits theIris yellow spot virus(IYSV). Hence, one of the objectives of this study was to identify the most resistant onion entries againstT. tabaci.One highly resistant (VI038552) and two resistant onion entries (VI038512 and AVON 1067) were identified againstT. tabaci. Besides thrips resistance, the bulb size of VI038512 was also equivalent to one of the commercial varieties, Texas. The highly resistant VI038552 recorded the highest yield, followed by the resistant entry, VI038512. However, the yield of AVON 1067 was significantly lower. Elucidation of the biophysical bases of resistance revealed that there was a significant negative correlation between leaf angle as well as leaf toughness and thrips damage. The total epicuticular wax content in the leaves had a weak and non-significant negative relationship with thrips damage. The scanning electron microscopic study confirmed that the wax crystals occurred as filaments, rods, platelets, tubes and complex dendritic structures, and that they were densely arranged in resistant or moderately resistant entries. Studies on the biochemical basis of resistance confirmed that there was a significant negative relationship between total phenol content and thrips damage. Similarly, the relationship between total foliar amino acids or total sugars and thrips damage was inversely correlated and non-significant. Hence, entries VI038552 and VI038512 could be promising candidates for breeding programmes aimed at developing onion varieties that are resistant to thrips and that are high yielding, which will help to enhance the productivity of onions in sub-Saharan Africa.
Dizzy à la Mimi: Jazz, Text, and Translation
Authors: GIVAN BENJAMIN 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article addresses issues of translation and transnational exchange, taking as a case study the two-pronged collaborative relationship between the French jazz singer, lyricist, and translator Mimi Perrin (1926–2010) and the African American trumpeter Dizzy Gillespie (1917–1993), whose memoir Perrin translated into French and with whom she collaborated on a 1963 jazz album. Perrin, who is the article's principal focus, founded the successful vocalese singing group Les Double Six in 1959 and then, after abandoning her musical career for health reasons in 1966, forged a new career as a literary translator. The article begins by examining her work as a translator of African American literature and demonstrates that her French edition of Gillespie's autobiography lacks some of the original's connotative cultural signification, in particular meanings conveyed through the book's use of black dialect. The article then turns to Perrin's work as a vocalese lyricist, which is notable in that she conceived of her lyricization of jazz improvisations as a sort of translation process, one that involved carefully selecting words in order to mimic the sounds of musical instruments. Her musical innovations are exemplified by a series of original French texts, set to Gillespie's music, on science fiction themes.
Porch and Playhouse, Parlor and Performance Hall: Traversing Boundaries in Gottschalk'sThe Banjo
Authors: PRUETT LAURA MOORE 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThis article reconsiders the cultural significance and historical impact of the well-known virtuosic piano compositionThe Banjoby Louis Moreau Gottschalk. Throughout the early nineteenth century, the banjo and the piano inhabited very specific and highly contrasting performance circumstances: black folk entertainment and minstrel shows for the former, white middle- and upper-class parlors and concert halls for the latter. InThe Banjo, Louis Moreau Gottschalk lifted the banjo out of its familiar contexts and placed it in the spaces usually privileged for the piano. Taking its inspiration from both African American and minstrel banjo playing techniques, Gottschalk's composition relaxed and muddled the boundaries among performance spaces, racial and class divisions, and two conspicuously different musical instruments in an egalitarian effort to demonstrate that, contrary to the opinions of some mid-nineteenth-century musical critics and tastemakers, both the piano and the banjo have a place in the shaping of American music culture.
Microbial contributions to the persistence of coral reefs
Authors: Webster Nicole S , Reusch Thorsten B H 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
On contemplating the adaptive capacity of reef organisms to a rapidly changing environment, the microbiome offers significant and greatly unrecognised potential. Microbial symbionts contribute to the physiology, development, immunity and behaviour of their hosts, and can respond very rapidly to changing environmental conditions, providing a powerful mechanism for acclimatisation and also possibly rapid evolution of coral reef holobionts. Environmentally acquired fluctuations in the microbiome can have significant functional consequences for the holobiont phenotype upon which selection can act. Environmentally induced changes in microbial abundance may be analogous to host gene duplication, symbiont switching / shuffling as a result of environmental change can either remove or introduce raw genetic material into the holobiont; and horizontal gene transfer can facilitate rapid evolution within microbial strains. Vertical transmission of symbionts is a key feature of many reef holobionts and this would enable environmentally acquired microbial traits to be faithfully passed to future generations, ultimately facilitating microbiome-mediated transgenerational acclimatisation (MMTA) and potentially even adaptation of reef species in a rapidly changing climate. In this commentary, we highlight the capacity and mechanisms for MMTA in reef species, propose a modified Price equation as a framework for assessing MMTA and recommend future areas of research to better understand how microorganisms contribute to the transgenerational acclimatisation of reef organisms, which is essential if we are to reliably predict the consequences of global change for reef ecosystems.