bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Simple and Accurate Representation of Cumulative Nighttime Leaf Respiratory CO2 Efflux
Authors: Bruhn Dan , Slot Martijn , Mercado Lina M. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTLeaf respiratory carbon loss decreases independent of temperature as the night progresses. Detailed nighttime measurements needed to quantify cumulative respiratory carbon loss at night are challenging under both lab and field conditions. We provide a simple yet accurate approach to represent variation in nighttime temperature‐independent leaf respiratory CO2 efflux in environments with both stable and fluctuating temperatures, which requires no detailed measurements throughout the night. We demonstrate that the inter‐ and intraspecific variation in the cumulative leaf respiratory CO2 efflux at constant temperature, at any length of night, scales linearly with the inter‐ and intraspecific variation in initial measurement of leaf respiratory CO2 efflux at the same temperature at the beginning of the night. This approach informs large‐scale predictions of cumulative leaf respiratory CO2 efflux, which is needed to understand plant carbon economy in global change studies as well as in global modeling and eddy covariance monitoring of the land–atmosphere exchange of CO2.
Features associated with arteriovenous fistula patency. A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Dongjuan , Liang Jing , Yang Yang 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionIt is unclear if cannulation‐associated variables such as timing of first cannulation, access creation method, cannulation technique, or needle type are associated with the outcomes of arteriovenous fistulas. We conducted a meta‐analysis to investigate such potential associations with 1‐year primary patency.MethodsTwenty‐eight publications with titles that included “arteriovenous fistula,” “patency,” “cannulation,” “metric,” “first cannulation,” “hemodialysis,” “complication,” “vascular,” “nursing,” and “puncture” were retrieved and reviewed.FindingsThe 1‐year primary patency rates ranged from 0.32 to 0.93. Primary patency rates were significantly lower in patients in whom initial cannulation was done less than 1.5 months after fistula creation compared to fistulas first cannulated more than 1.5 months after anastomosis (odds ratio [OR] = 0.41, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.52). The effect of cannulation timing on primary patency rate was attenuated when plastic cannulas were used during the first two to three puncture weeks compared to metal needles (OR = 0.62 vs. 0.34; p = 0.032). Fistulas in the upper arm did not have a higher 1‐year primary patency compared to those in the forearm (OR = 1.05, 95% CI: 0.93–1.19). Primary patency of upper arm arteriovenous fistulas was higher in reports from the Americas or Europe compared to reports from Asia. Buttonhole cannulation was not associated with higher patency rates at 1 year compared to rope‐ladder cannulation (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.75–1.71).DiscussionEarly cannulation was associated with reduced 1‐year arteriovenous fistula patency. This association was reduced when plastic cannulas were used during the initial 2–3 weeks.
#Stand with Ukraine: Analyzing the links between Germans' emotions and their readiness to protest in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Authors: Ditrich Lara , Sassenberg Kai 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 sparked protests around the globe. Most of Europe had – luckily – not seen violent conflict of this scale on their doorstep for more than 30 years. For Germany, the period was even longer. Being confronted with news about the war drove thousands of German citizens to the streets. In passionate protests, they made various demands of their government. Herein, we investigate the links between Germans' emotions and their readiness to engage in such protests. Drawing on collective action research, we predicted that anger and sympathy would correlate positively with Germans' protest readiness. Given the context and public debate, we predicted that fear should also correlate with protest readiness. Two surveys (total N = 905) conducted with residents of Germany – one day after the invasion and at its first anniversary – supported our hypotheses. We consistently found that the more sympathy and anger respondents experienced, the greater their readiness to protest. Fear explained variance beyond sympathy and anger in two cases and in an information‐seeking measure of protest readiness: Greater fear correlated with a higher interest in demonstrations advocating peace negotiations and a lower interest in demonstrations calling for solidarity with Ukraine. These findings underscore the links between sympathy, anger, fear, and the readiness to protest in response to the contemporary crisis that is the war in Ukraine.
Wealth inequality and community vitality in the aftermath of the Australian “Black Summer” bushfires
Authors: Dare Michael , Jetten Jolanda , Crimston Charlie R. , Selvanathan Hema P. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the adverse impact of community‐level wealth inequality in the aftermath of a natural disaster, and explores the role of community strength (i.e., community identification, cohesion, and identity continuity) in potentially mitigating these negative effects. Using geo‐targeted survey data from communities affected by the 2019/2020 Black Summer Bushfires in Australia (N = 363), we found that greater perceived wealth inequality was associated with lower confidence that the community would make necessary changes to meet the threat of future bushfires, lower collective efficacy regarding future bushfires, and lower anticipated quality of life. However, we also found evidence some of these adverse effects were attenuated among those who reported higher levels of community identification and community cohesion. This study illustrates that problems posed by wealth inequality extend to the context of disaster recovery and climate change adaptation, and further underscores the socially mediated nature of this threat by demonstrating the potential for community strength to play a buffering role.
Role of Akkermansia muciniphila in insulin resistance
Authors: Zeng Zhijun , Chen Mengjie , Liu Yimin , Zhou Yun , Liu Hongning , Wang Shaohua , Ji Yanhua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractInsulin resistance (IR) is a pathogenic factor in numerous metabolic diseases. The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining the function of the intestinal barrier and overall human health, thereby influencing IR. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can contribute to the development of IR. Therefore, it is essential to maintain a balanced and diverse gut microbiota for optimal health. Akkermansia muciniphila, a widely present microorganism in the human intestine, has been shown to regulate gastrointestinal mucosal barrier integrity, reduce endotoxin penetration, decrease systemic inflammation levels, and improve insulin sensitivity. Reduced abundance of A. muciniphila is associated with an increased risk of IR and other metabolic diseases, highlighting its correlation with IR. Understanding the role and regulatory mechanism of A. muciniphila is crucial for comprehending IR pathogenesis and developing novel strategies for preventing and treating related metabolic disorders. Individual variations may exist in both the gut microbiota composition and its impact on IR among different individuals. Further investigation into individual differences between A. muciniphila and IR will facilitate advancements in personalized medicine by promoting tailored interventions based on the gut microbiota composition, which is a potential future direction that would optimize insulin sensitivity while preventing metabolic disease occurrence. In this review, we describe the physiological characteristics of A. muciniphila, emphasize its roles in underlying mechanisms contributing to IR pathology, and summarize how alterations in its abundance affect IR development, thereby providing valuable insights for further research on A. muciniphila, as well as new drug development targeting diabetes.
Short‐term impact of bariatric surgery on the dietary intake of patients with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Shukla Prachi , Siddhu Anupa , Peters Atul N.C. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight and obesity and an unhealthy diet and lifestyle are the key causes of rising diabetes burden in India. Bariatric surgery is gaining popularity in India as a favored approach to manage obesity and its accompanying comorbidities. Despite this, there is a scarcity of Indian studies evaluating dietary intake. Our goal was to analyse the dietary intake of Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who have undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) or duodeno‐jejunal bypass with sleeve gastrectomy (DJB‐SG) or surgeries.MethodsThe longitudinal observational study included 64 T2DM patients (32 in each procedure) enrolled through purposive sampling. The patients underwent surgery (LSG or DJB‐SG procedure) between January 2017 and July 2019. Dietary data was collected at baseline and postsurgery (12 months) using a 24‐h dietary recall method for 2 days (one working and one holiday).ResultsThe total sample consisted of 27 (42.2%) females and 37 (57.8%) males. The mean age was 46.8 years. At 12 months, the follow‐up for the LSG and DJB‐SG procedures was 100% and 78%, respectively. In the short term, a significant reduction was seen in weight, body mass index and haemoglobin A1C (HbA1C) in both surgical groups. The two procedures were comparable with respect to weight loss but improvement in glycaemia was higher in the DJB‐SG group. The dietary intake (food groups and nutrients) was similar in the two surgical groups at baseline and 12 months postsurgery. Dietary intake assessment showed significant reduction in calorie dense foods (cereals, roots and tubers, fats and oils, table sugar, and biscuits) in both surgical groups. Among nutrients, intake of energy, fats, carbohydrates, dietary fibre, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, folate and iron were reduced significantly in both procedures. Vitamin D (84.4% patients in LSG group and 81.3% patients in DJB‐SG) and iron (62.5% patients in LSG group and 68.8% patients in DJB‐SG) were commonly prevalent nutritional deficiencies at baseline and were significantly reduced at 12 months.ConclusionsIn the short term, bariatric surgery resulted in weight loss and improvement in glycaemia. Bariatric surgery does significantly affect dietary intake leading to nutritional deficiencies. Therefore, patients should be recommended vitamin and mineral supplements and regular patient education and counselling by a trained bariatric dietitian to prevent nutritional deficiencies and maintain nutritional status.
Reunification, reconsidered: Presenting an integrative, single‐therapist framework for resolving parent–child contact problems
Authors: Singh Terry , Mader Joel 
Published: October 2024

AbstractProviding therapy to families of separation and divorce can be a challenging area of practice for marriage and family therapists, particularly when a child refuses contact with a parent. Several forms of “reunification therapy” designed to overcome resist/refuse dynamics between a child and parent have been proposed, with significant variation across the conceptualization of factors contributing to parent–child contact problems and the resulting treatment models that have been described. In an effort to design an overarching integrative framework for conducting family reunification therapy that is informed by available evidence, a review of the current literature is conducted. Following this review, an integrative single‐therapist framework for resolving parent–child contact problems is presented. Over the course of three successive treatment “stages,” this framework permits a marriage and family therapist to conduct reunification therapy in an evidence‐informed manner along general systemic therapeutic principles while permitting flexibility with respect to the specific interventions selected.
Efficacy and potency of sphenopalatine ganglion block for the management of postdural puncture headaches in post‐cesarean section: A case report and literature review
Authors: Hara Michael Shannon , Furuya Kiichiro , Kishida Kenji , Yamashita Saya , Kobayashi Shunji , Ogita Kazuhide 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSpinal anesthesia is a widely practiced anesthetic technique during cesarean section but is associated with the risk of postdural puncture headache (PDPH). This article reports a case of refractory PDPH following a cesarean section that achieved immediate pain relief after a sphenopalatine ganglion block (SPGB). SPGB has been proposed as a non‐invasive alternative to the traditional epidural blood patch for nonobstetrical PDPH, nonetheless, it is a procedure not commonly performed by obstetricians. By targeting the sphenopalatine ganglion, SPGB offers a viable treatment option for PDPH and provides immediate relief to patients. This case report and literature review suggest that SPGB is a promising, effective, and safe approach for managing PDPH after cesarean section. Considering SPGB as an alternative to epidural blood patch, obstetricians can offer noninvasive treatment options for patients with PDPH.
Neuromuscular ultrasound for the differential diagnosis of radial tunnel syndrome and lateral epicondylitis
Authors: Kerasnoudis Antonios , Venouziou Aaron , Vasiliadis Angelo V. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and PurposeLateral elbow pain is quite common in everyday life. Lateral epicondylitis and radial tunnel syndrome are the most common causes of lateral elbow pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of neuromuscular ultrasound examination in the diagnosis of lateral epicondylitis versus radial tunnel syndrome.MethodsThis was a prospective double‐blinded pilot study of 68 elbows in 34 patients with lateral elbow pain. Patients underwent clinical examination and standardized neuromuscular ultrasound evaluation in the first 15 days after the initiation of symptoms. Statistical significance was set at p < .001. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated.ResultsSixty‐eight radial nerves were examined in 34 healthy controls (16 males; mean age 48.1 ± 8.2 years). Pain with palpation over the radial tunnel was found in 25 of 48 elbows (52.1%) compared to the pain over the lateral epicondyle found in 10 of 48 elbows (20.8%). Τhe sensitivity of palpation in differentiating radial tunnel syndrome from lateral epicondylitis was 75.7%, while the specificity was 50% (PPV 71.4%, NPV 51.5%). The sensitivity of neuromuscular ultrasound in differentiating radial tunnel syndrome from lateral epicondylitis was 92.6%, while the specificity was 80% (PPV 92.6%, NPV 80.0%). In most of the patients (25/31), fibrous bands anterior to the radio‐capitellar joint were responsible for the nerve entrapment.ConclusionsThe present study highlights the importance of the neuromuscular ultrasound's diagnostic role in differentiating radial tunnel syndrome from lateral epicondylitis in the clinical scenario of lateral elbow pain.
Efficacy of facilitated tucking position and Reiki given to preterm infants during orogastric tube insertion: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Kurt Sezer Hilal , Onal Hatice , Degirmencioglu Halil , Kucukoglu Sibel 
Published: October 2024

AimThis research was conducted to evaluate the effects of Reiki and facilitated tucking position on pain, stress and physiologic parameters in preterm infants during orogastric tube (OGT) insertion.MethodsThe study used a single‐blind, parallel‐group randomised controlled experimental design. It was carried out in the neonatal intensive care unit of a hospital in Niğde/Turkey between February 2022 and January 2023. A total of 45 preterm infants, who met the study criteria and whose sample size was determined according to power analysis, were randomly divided into three groups. As an intervention, the facilitated tucking position was applied to the first group, and Reiki was applied to the second group during OGT insertion. Routine application continued in the control group. The Infant Introductory Information Form, Physiological Parameter Follow‐up Chart, Infant Stress Scale (ISS) and Premature Infant Pain Profile Scale‐Revised (PIPP‐R) were used for data collection. Significance was accepted as P < 0.05 in the statistical analysis.ResultsIt was determined that the infants were homogeneously distributed between the experimental and control groups (P > 0.05). Infants who received the facilitated tucking position and Reiki intervention had better physiological stability compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The group with the lowest average stress (1.53 ± 0.99) and pain scores (4.06 ± 1.22) during OGT insertion was the facilitated tucking group (P < 0.001). After the procedure, stress and pain scores in both the facilitated tucking group and the Reiki group were found to be significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.001).ConclusionsThe results of the study showed that the facilitated tucking position during OGT insertion was especially effective in reducing the pain and stress of infants. Both the facilitated tucking position and Reiki were determined to be effective interventions in reducing the pain and stress of infants more quickly after the procedure. The results of study contribute to the recommendation that NICU nurses should include non‐pharmacological methods to decrease the pain of preterm infants during procedural pain.
Differential Effects of Light and Dark Phase Modifications on Jet Lag Adaptability in Mice
Authors: Ma Changxiao , Li Haonan , Shen Bingyi , Zheng Huiwen , Chen Yunfei , Chen Lihong , Yang Guangrui 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIn chronobiology, shifting light/dark cycles is a common method to disrupt circadian rhythms. While the direction and magnitude of a phase shift (e.g., +6 denoting a 6‐h advanced shift) dictate the temporal change before and after the shift, little attention has been paid to the duration and relative proportion of daytime and nighttime during the shift, leading to a critical, unexamined variable in circadian research. In this study, we introduce the concepts of “L‐shift” (longer light phase on the shift day) and “D‐shift” (longer dark phase), and investigate how these variations impact the adaptability of mice to jet lag. By examining multiple phase shifts (12L vs. 12D, +6L vs. +6D, −6L vs. −6D), we demonstrate that L‐shifts not only facilitate faster adaptation but also significantly reduce the severity of sepsis in a jet lag‐sensitive lipopolysaccharide‐induced sepsis model. Further investigations with additional phase shifts at 1‐h intervals (+8 to +11) reinforced the enhanced fitness of mice under L‐shifts. Mechanistically, L‐shifts were found to increase sleep duration, thereby improving circadian entrainment, with sleep deprivation nullifying the adaptability differences between lighting protocols. These findings underscore a previously unrecognized factor in circadian biology and suggest that optimizing lighting protocols could profoundly improve adaptability to circadian disruptions. This research opens new avenues for enhancing therapeutic strategies and refining experimental designs in the field of chronobiology.
Talk‐LD and Talk‐LD+: A pilot trial of school‐based interventions to challenge discrimination and promote inclusion
Authors: Maguire Roseann , Wilson Alastair , Hastings Richard P. , Scior Kartina , Jahoda Andrew 
Published: October 2024

AbstractTo counteract stigma and discrimination a series of five lessons Talk about Learning Disability (Talk‐LD) to promote young people's understanding and acceptance of people with intellectual disabilities were developed for the Scottish secondary school curriculum. This study examined the feasibility of carrying out a randomised control trial comparing the delivery of the lessons alone with the lessons plus an attempt to promote positive contact between participating students and people with intellectual disabilities. The aim was to recruit and randomise 12 schools to receive the lessons alone or the lessons plus contact. The Attitudes Towards Intellectual Disability (ATTID) questionnaire was completed at baseline and a questionnaire about students' understanding of the lesson content was completed at follow‐up alone. Twelve schools were recruited and randomised. The lessons were delivered to 23 classes across the 12 schools. Baseline data were obtained for 480 participants. However, school closures due to COVID‐19 meant that follow‐up data were only obtained from 220 students (six schools) prior to school closures. The attitude measure only detected change in one ATTID scale, indicating students may be more willing to interact with a person with intellectual disabilities post intervention. Three of the six schools randomised to the lessons plus contact group had plans in place for joint activities between students and young people with an intellectual disability. Despite the disruption caused by the Covid pandemic, the findings were encouraging in relation to future research on the Talk‐LD lessons. The schools also engaged positively with the process of promoting positive contact with young people with an intellectual disability.
How Can Near‐Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Help Understanding of the Psychotherapy Process? A Scoping Review of Therapeutic Interactions
Authors: Iwayama Takayuki , Matsumoto Akira , Saneyoshi Ayako , Oi Hitomi , Yanagida Ayaka , Noma Hiroku , Nakajima Shun , Nakamura‐Taira Nanako 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn recent years, near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has garnered significant attention for its potential clinical applications as a non‐invasive and straightforward method for measuring brain functions. While NIRS has become useful in psychiatric contexts by aiding in the differential diagnosis of depression, its application in clinical psychology is still developing. Due to its ecological validity, which allows for measurements in natural settings, NIRS shows promise in revealing the dynamic elements of the psychotherapy process. In this study, we conducted a scoping literature review of the use of NIRS in psychotherapeutic interactions, exploring its potential to unveil the complexities of psychotherapy settings involving interpersonal interactions. Employing a scoping review approach, we systematically searched the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases for articles published through October 19, 2023 about studies using NIRS as a measurement instrument: This yielded various therapeutic interactions. Of the 155 retrieved results that remained after the initial screening, seven met the inclusion criteria. Of these, six studies examined the synchronization of brain functions through the simultaneous brain activity measurements (hyperscanning) of two participants. The review revealed that, despite the anticipated potential of NIRS, it has become evident there is a dearth of research focusing on interactions during psychotherapy. Furthermore, the few available studies have not explored changes in line with the progression of psychotherapeutic interactions. Consequently, future studies should address whether NIRS can effectively assess alterations in brain function resulting from micro‐level events, such as the therapeutic interaction between therapists and clients during psychotherapy.