bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of macrophages on in vitro corrosion behavior of magnesium alloy
Authors: Zhang Jian , Hiromoto Sachiko , Yamazaki Tomohiko , Niu Jialin , Huang Hua , Jia Gaozhi , Li Haiyan , Ding Wenjiang , Yuan Guangyin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe influence of cells on the corrosion behavior of biomedical magnesium alloy is an important but less studied topic, which is helpful for understanding the inconsistent corrosion rates between in vitro and in vivo experiments. In this work, macrophages were directly cultured on Mg–2.1Nd–0.2Zn–0.5Zr (wt %, abbreviated as JDBM) alloy surface for 72 or 168 hours. Macrophages retained good viability and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was greatly promoted on the alloy. Weight loss, Mg2+ concentration, and cross‐section observation results demonstrated that macrophages accelerated the in vitro corrosion of JDBM. The coverage of cell body did not affect the local thickness of corrosion product layer. The corrosion product layer had a porous inner Mg(OH)2 layer and a dense outer layer mainly composed of O, P, Mg, and Ca. The uniform acceleration of JDBM corrosion was attributed to the omnidirection diffusion of ROS from macrophages. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 2476–2487, 2016.
Transient midventricular ballooning syndrome with thrombus post pericardiocentesis in a patient with malignant breast cancer
Authors: Moon Donggyu , Lee Su Nam , Lee Bong Woo , Lee Kangmin , Lee Eung Koo , Son Seong Wan 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTOne day after pericardiocentesis for pericardial effusion in a patient with malignant breast cancer, the clinical and echocardiographic examination for recurrent dyspnea suggested stress cardiomyopathy with mid left ventricular ballooning and thrombus rather than pericardial decompression syndrome. Physicians should therefore pay attention to the possibility of ventricular dysfunction with thrombus post pericardiocentesis and to differences between stress cardiomyopathy and pericardial decompression syndrome. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:53–57, 2017
Applicability Domains and Consistent Structure Generation
Authors: Kaneko Hiromasa , Funatsu Kimito 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn de novo molecular design, quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) and quantitative structure‐property relationship (QSPR) models are important to estimate activity and property values, respectively, for virtual molecular structures. To operate QSAR and QSPR models appropriately, applicability domains (ADs) of the models must be defined because estimated values are unreliable for virtual molecular structures that are dissimilar to structures of training compounds. We describe several methods to construct AD models, and then introduce a structure generator to change molecular structures that exist outside ADs to conform to ADs.
Non‐hematopoietic effects of endogenous erythropoietin on lean mass and body weight regulation
Authors: Reinhardt Martin , Dey Soumyadeep , Tom Noguchi Constance , Zhang Yuanyuan , Krakoff Jonathan , Thearle Marie S. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate the concurrent relationships between human plasma erythropoietin concentrations and energy expenditure (EE), body composition, plasma leptin concentrations, and associations with weight change.MethodsPlasma to measure erythropoietin and leptin; data for body composition; 24‐h EE measured in a whole‐room calorimeter; and 75 g oral glucose tolerance testing were available from 109 full‐heritage Pima Indians (55% male) from a larger study designed to understand the causes of obesity. Seventy‐nine subjects had data for weight at a later visit (mean follow‐up=4.3 ± 1.9 years) to calculate percent weight change per year.ResultsErythropoietin, adjusted for covariates, correlated with 24‐h EE (r =0.26,P =0.007), sleeping EE (r =0.29,P =0.003), fat‐free mass (r =0.19,P =0.05), and fat mass (r =0.27,P =0.005), but not insulin or glucose measures. The association of erythropoietin with 24‐h EE was fully mediated by fat‐free mass. Erythropoietin associated with leptin in women (ρ = 0.36,P =0.01), but not in men (P =0.9), independently from fat mass. The association of erythropoietin with percent weight change per year was in opposing directions (interaction:P =0.002) in males (r =−0.35,P =0.02) versus females (r =0.37,P =0.02).ConclusionsNon‐hematopoietic endogenous erythropoietin action may be involved in body weight regulation in opposing directions in men and women, i.e., weight loss in men and weight gain in women.
Gas‐phase Acidities of 2‐Aryl‐2‐chloro‐1,1,1‐trifluoroethanes and Related Compounds. Experimental and Computational Studies
Authors: Mishima Masaaki , Abboud José‐Luis M. , Fujio Mizue , Suenaga Masahiko , Koch Heinz F. , Koch Judith G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe gas‐phase acidities (GA) of 2‐aryl‐2‐chloro‐1,1,1‐trifluoroethanes (1a), 2‐aryl‐2‐fluoro‐1,1,1‐trifluoroethanes (2a), and related compounds, XC6H4CH(Z)R where Z = Cl (1) or F (2) and R = C2F5 (b), t‐C4F9 (c), C(CF3)2C2F5 (d), C(CF3)2Me (e), Me (f), H (g), were investigated experimentally and computationally. On the basis of an excellent linear correlation (R2 > 0.99) of acidities of 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f and 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f where there is no fluorine atom at β‐position to the deprotonation site with the corrected number of fluorine atoms contained in the fluorinated alkyl group, the extent of β‐fluorine negative hyperconjugation of the CF3 and C2F5 groups (ΔGoβ‐F) was evaluated. The GAel values given by subtraction ΔGoβ‐F from the apparent GA value were considered to represent the electronic effect of the substituent X. The substituent effects on the GAel values and GA values for 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f and 2c, 2d, 2e, 2f were successfully analyzed in terms of the Yukawa–Tsuno equation. The variation of resonance demand parameter r− with the R group observed for various XC6H4CH(Z)R was linearly related to the GA (GAel) value of the respective phenyl‐substituted fluorinated alkanes. On the other hand, the corresponding correlation for the ρ values provided three lines for ArCH(Cl)R, ArCH(F)R and ArCH2R, respectively. These results supported our previous conclusion that the r− and ρ values are governed by the thermodynamic stability of the parent ion (ring substituent = H). Other factors arising from an atom bonded to the acidic center also influence the ρ value. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Dielectric pearl‐necklace model of flexible polyelectrolytes for electrostatic solvation energy calculations
Authors: Roig Alejandro R. , Alessandrini José Luis 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe electrostatic component of the solvation free energy of polyelectrolytes in the description of dilute polymer solutions through the introduction of a dielectric dependent pearl‐necklace model is taken into account. In this two‐dielectric model, the solvent is assumed to have a high dielectric constant while the pearls are modeled as charged spheres with low dielectric constant (εin). Generalized Born (GB) models of electrostatic solvation give approximate solutions to the Poisson electrostatic problem through the Born radii of the pearls. Explicit calculations of the mean dimensions of the molecule, as a function of the solvation free energy, are performed on a minimal polyelectrolyte model (MPM), consisting of three identical beads with a single degree of freedom—the bond angle. Born radii calculated from the GB‐Z6model (based on Kirkwood electrostatics) and from the GB‐Z4model (based on the Coulomb Field Approximation) are compared with “perfect” radii (calculated from the Green's function of finite difference Poisson equation (PE)) in a wide range of molecular conformations. The best agreement is obtained with the first GB model.The descreening effect described by GB is demonstrated in both, good and poor solvent conditions, described with Lennard‐Jones nonpolar interaction and variable dielectric constant of the pearls of the necklace. It is found that the electrostatic expansion factor of the mean squared end‐to‐end distance depends on the electric chargeQof the beads and the dielectric constant of the molecule. This function displays, in good and poor solvents, a maximum at high values ofQ(∼10) and the height increases with lowerεin. For instance, in the good solvent regime, the electrostatic swelling of the molecule is ∼6% in a one‐dielectric model but it amounts to 12% in the two‐dielectric model with GB‐Z6electrostatic solvation whenεin = 7 (or increases up to 26% forεin = 1), forQ = 10. The electrostatic swelling is less relevant for lower values of electric charge (Q∼1). © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys.2016,54, 1748–1759
Global output feedback sampled‐data stabilization for upper‐triangular nonlinear systems with improved maximum allowable transmission delay
Authors: Zhang Daoyuan , Shen Yanjun 
Published: May 2016

SummaryThis paper addresses the problem of output feedback sampled‐data stabilization for upper‐triangular nonlinear systems with improved maximum allowable transmission delay. A class of hybrid systems are firstly introduced. The transmission delay may be larger than the sampling period. Then, sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee global exponential stability of the hybrid systems. Based on these sufficient conditions and a linear continuous‐discrete observer, an output feedback control law is presented to globally exponentially stabilize the feedforward nonlinear system. The improved maximum allowable transmission delay is also given. The results are also extended to output feedback sampled‐data stabilization for lower‐triangular nonlinear systems. Finally, illustrative examples are used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed design methods. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Staging PET–CT Scanning Provides Superior Detection of Lymph Nodes and Distant Metastases than Traditional Imaging in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer
Authors: Garg Pankaj Kumar , Deo Suryanarayana V. S. , Kumar Rakesh , Shukla Nootan Kumar , Thulkar Sanjay , Gogia Ajay , Sharma Daya Nand , Mathur Sandeep R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBackgroundThis study was designed to evaluate the role of a single 18‐FDG positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET–CT) scan in comparison to multiple organ‐directed conventional investigations (CI) as a staging tool in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) to detect regional and distant metastasis.MethodsAll eligible patients were subjected to CI (chest X‐ray, abdominal sonography, and bone scintigraphy) followed by a single 18‐FDG PET–CT scan. Standard imaging criteria were used for diagnosis of metastasis. Histopathological confirmation was undertaken for suspicious lesions. An exploratory analysis was done to assess the impact of PET–CT on the staging of LABC and how it resulted in a change in management.ResultThe study included 79 patients of LABC. PET–CT detected distant metastasis in 36 (45.5 %) patients while CI could identify distant metastasis in 20 (25.3 %) patients. Two of the 36 patients in whom PET–CT detected distant metastasis were false positive. Overall PET–CT upstaged the disease in 38 (48.1 %) patients as compared to CI: stage III to stage IV migration in 14 (17.7 %) patients due to identification of additional sites of distant metastasis, and within stage III upstaging in 24 (30.3 %) patients due to identification of additional regional lymphadenopathy. PET–CT led to a change in management plan in 14 (17.7 %) patients.ConclusionPET–CT has a role in identifying additional sites of regional lymphadenopathy and distant metastasis to upstage the disease in a significant number of LABC patients in comparison to CI; this would help in accurate staging, selecting optimal treatment, and better prognostication of disease.
The Greatest Priority for Genetic Counseling: Effectively Meeting Our Clients’ Needs 2014 NSGC Natalie Weissberger Paul National Achievement Award
Authors: Biesecker Barbara Bowles 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReceipt of the 2014 Natalie Weissberger Paul (NWP) National Achievement Award was a highlight of my career. Thank you to all who nominated me for this prestigious NSGC recognition. I am humbled to join past NWP award winners many of whom are admired mentors, treasured colleagues and friends. I would like to express what a privilege it is to honor Natalie Weissberger Paul for whom this award is named. Twenty‐nine years ago I co‐edited a volume of the Birth Defects Original Article Series with Natalie summarizing a conference co‐funded by the March of Dimes and NSGC (Biesecker et al., 1987). Natalie demonstrated her devotion to children with special needs through her work at the March of Dimes. As such I believe she would concur with the focus of my remarks on the partners in our work: our clients.
Clinical Issues‐June 2016
Authors: Wood Amber , Ogg Mary J. , Chambers Kerrie 
Published: May 2016

This MonthUse of alcohol (ethanol)‐based hand rubs (ABHRs) during pregnancyKey words: alcohol, ethanol, hand rub, ABHR, hand sanitizer.Working when experiencing a shingles infectionKey words: shingles, varicella, zoster, employee health.Cleaning rigid containersKey words: rigid container, container, instrument pan.
A retrospective study of HIV, antiretroviral therapy, and pregnancy‐associated hypertension among women in Lusaka, Zambia
Authors: Stoner Marie C.D. , Vwalika Bellington , Smid Marcela C. , George Shalin , Chi Benjamin H. , Stringer Elizabeth M. , Stringer Jeffrey S.A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the association between HIV, antiretroviral therapy (ART), and pregnancy‐associated hypertension (PAH) in an HIV‐endemic setting.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was undertaken of pregnant women for whom information was recorded between February 2006 and December 2012 in the Zambia Electronic Perinatal Record System, which captures data from 25 facilities in Lusaka, Zambia. PAH was defined as eclampsia, pre‐eclampsia, hypertension, or elevated blood pressure (> 140/80 mm Hg) during delivery admission. Logistic regression estimated the odds of PAH among women by HIV serostatus, and by most recent CD4 T lymphocyte count and ART status among women with HIV infection.ResultsAmong 249 771 women included in the analysis, 5354 (2.1%) had PAH. Compared with women without HIV infection, women with HIV infection not receiving ART had lower odds of PAH (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval 0.78–0.95), whereas those with HIV infection who had initiated ART had higher odds of PAH (AOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.01–1.32). No association was found between PAH and timing of ART initiation or CD4 lymphocyte count.ConclusionIn a large African urban cohort, women with untreated HIV infection had the lowest odds of PAH. Treatment with ART could increase PAH risk beyond that of women without HIV infection and those with untreated infection.
Gender, class and lodging in urban Finland around 1900
Authors: MORING BEATRICE 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTThe popular image, if any, related to lodging in industrial and urban society is one of young male lodgers and female landladies. The aim of this article is to discuss the identity of lodgers and landlords/ladies in gender, age and social perspective. Can we find evidence for proximity in origin, gender and social class between those who looked for and those who provided lodgings? While the middle classes saw lodging as a social evil, were their fears of moral and hygienic degradation realistic? Was keeping lodgers a way of fleecing vulnerable migrants and forcing them into a life of squalor? Or is it possible that the people who acquired an extra room, for a bit of income, or squeezed in an extra bed, were at the mercy of builders and slum landlords with multiple houses? We should perhaps remind ourselves that the ultimate power of control of building quality and flat size lay in the hands of the social class that was pointing its finger at those at the bottom of the social ladder. Through the combination of surveys and census data with oral history collections from early twentieth-century Finland a narrative is constructed of the life as a lodger or landlord/landlady of the working class, demonstrating networks of friendship and mutual support, as well as systems of lodging that were simple economic arrangements for the survival of both parties.
A conserved leucine occupies the empty substrate site of LeuT in the Na+-free return state
Authors: Malinauskaite Lina , Said Saida , Sahin Caglanur , Grouleff Julie , Shahsavar Azadeh , Bjerregaard Henriette , Noer Pernille , Severinsen Kasper , Boesen Thomas , Schiøtt Birgit , Sinning Steffen , Nissen Poul 
Published: May 2016

AbstractBacterial members of the neurotransmitter:sodium symporter (NSS) family perform Na+-dependent amino-acid uptake and extrude H+ in return. Previous NSS structures represent intermediates of Na+/substrate binding or intracellular release, but not the inward-to-outward return transition. Here we report crystal structures of Aquifex aeolicus LeuT in an outward-oriented, Na+- and substrate-free state likely to be H+-occluded. We find a remarkable rotation of the conserved Leu25 into the empty substrate-binding pocket and rearrangements of the empty Na+ sites. Mutational studies of the equivalent Leu99 in the human serotonin transporter show a critical role of this residue on the transport rate. Molecular dynamics simulations show that extracellular Na+ is blocked unless Leu25 is rotated out of the substrate-binding pocket. We propose that Leu25 facilitates the inward-to-outward transition by compensating a Na+- and substrate-free state and acts as the gatekeeper for Na+ binding that prevents leak in inward-outward return transitions.
Differences in the efficacy of climate forcings explained by variations in atmospheric boundary layer depth
Authors: Davy Richard , Esau Igor 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe Earth has warmed in the last century and a large component of that warming has been attributed to increased anthropogenic greenhouse gases. There are also numerous processes that introduce strong, regionalized variations to the overall warming trend. However, the ability of a forcing to change the surface air temperature depends on its spatial and temporal distribution. Here we show that the efficacy of a forcing is determined by the effective heat capacity of the atmosphere, which in cold and dry climates is defined by the depth of the planetary boundary layer. This can vary by an order of magnitude on different temporal and spatial scales, and so we get a strongly amplified temperature response in shallow boundary layers. This must be accounted for to assess the efficacy of a climate forcing, and also implies that multiple climate forcings cannot be linearly combined to determine the temperature response.
Oxygen isotope in archaeological bioapatites from India: Implications to climate change and decline of Bronze Age Harappan civilization
Authors: Sarkar Anindya , Mukherjee Arati Deshpande , Bera M. K. , Das B. , Juyal Navin , Morthekai P. , Deshpande R. D. , Shinde V. S. , Rao L. S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe antiquity and decline of the Bronze Age Harappan civilization in the Indus-Ghaggar-Hakra river valleys is an enigma in archaeology. Weakening of the monsoon after ~5 ka BP (and droughts throughout the Asia) is a strong contender for the Harappan collapse, although controversy exists about the synchroneity of climate change and collapse of civilization. One reason for this controversy is lack of a continuous record of cultural levels and palaeomonsoon change in close proximity. We report a high resolution oxygen isotope (δ18O) record of animal teeth-bone phosphates from an archaeological trench itself at Bhirrana, NW India, preserving all cultural levels of this civilization. Bhirrana was part of a high concentration of settlements along the dried up mythical Vedic river valley ‘Saraswati’, an extension of Ghaggar river in the Thar desert. Isotope and archaeological data suggest that the pre-Harappans started inhabiting this area along the mighty Ghaggar-Hakra rivers fed by intensified monsoon from 9 to 7 ka BP. The monsoon monotonically declined after 7 ka yet the settlements continued to survive from early to mature Harappan time. Our study suggests that other cause like change in subsistence strategy by shifting crop patterns rather than climate change was responsible for Harappan collapse.
FAM83H and casein kinase I regulate the organization of the keratin cytoskeleton and formation of desmosomes
Authors: Kuga Takahisa , Sasaki Mitsuho , Mikami Toshinari , Miake Yasuo , Adachi Jun , Shimizu Maiko , Saito Youhei , Koura Minako , Takeda Yasunori , Matsuda Junichiro , Tomonaga Takeshi , Nakayama Yuji 
Published: May 2016

AbstractFAM83H is essential for the formation of dental enamel because a mutation in the FAM83H gene causes amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). We previously reported that the overexpression of FAM83H often occurs and disorganizes the keratin cytoskeleton in colorectal cancer cells. We herein show that FAM83H regulates the organization of the keratin cytoskeleton and maintains the formation of desmosomes in ameloblastoma cells. FAM83H is expressed and localized on keratin filaments in human ameloblastoma cell lines and in mouse ameloblasts and epidermal germinative cells in vivo. FAM83H shows preferential localization to keratin filaments around the nucleus that often extend to cell-cell junctions. Alterations in the function of FAM83H by its overexpression, knockdown, or an AI-causing truncated mutant prevent the proper organization of the keratin cytoskeleton in ameloblastoma cells. Furthermore, the AI-causing mutant prevents desmosomal proteins from being localized to cell-cell junctions. The effects of the AI-causing mutant depend on its binding to and possible inhibition of casein kinase I (CK-1). The suppression of CK-1 by its inhibitor, D4476, disorganizes the keratin cytoskeleton. Our results suggest that AI caused by the FAM83H mutation is mediated by the disorganization of the keratin cytoskeleton and subsequent disruption of desmosomes in ameloblasts.
Distinct doping dependence of critical temperature and critical current density in Ba1−xKxFe2As2 superconductor
Authors: Song Dongjoon , Ishida Shigeyuki , Iyo Akira , Nakajima Masamichi , Shimoyama Jun-ichi , Eisterer Michael , Eisaki Hiroshi 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSince the high transition temperature (High-Tc) superconductivity was discovered in the series of materials containing iron (Fe), their potential for the applications has been extensively scrutinized. In particular, a lot of effort has been made in achieving the high current-carrying ability by revealing the vortex pinning behavior. Here, we report on the critical current density (Jc) for the pristine Ba1−xKxFe2As2 single crystals with various K concentrations (0.25 ≤ x ≤ 0.52) determined by the magnetization hysteresis loop measurements. The x-dependence of Jc is characterized by a spike-like peak at x ~ 0.30, which corresponds to the under-doped region. This behavior is distinct from a moderate Tc dome with a broad maximum spanning from x ~ 0.3 to 0.5. For the under-doped samples, with increasing magnetic field (H), a second magnetization peak in Jc is observed, whereas for the optimally- and over-doped samples, Jc monotonically decreases with H. This result emphasizes that fine tuning of doping composition is important to obtain strong flux pinning. The origin of the characteristic doping dependence of Jc is discussed in connection with the orthorhombic phase domain boundary, as well as the chemical inhomogeneity introduced by the dopant substitutions.