bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Delayed Early Vocabulary Development in Children at Family Risk of Dyslexia
Authors: van Viersen Sietske , de Bree Elise H. , Verdam Mathilde , Krikhaar Evelien , Maassen Ben , van der Leij Aryan , de Jong Peter F. 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
This study aimed to gain more insight into the relation between vocabulary and reading acquisition by examining early growth trajectories in the vocabulary of children at family risk (FR) of dyslexia longitudinally.

Method

The sample included 212 children from the Dutch Dyslexia Program with and without an FR. Parents reported on their children's receptive and expressive vocabulary size at ages 17, 23, 29, and 35 months using the Dutch MacArthur Communicative Development Inventories. Dyslexia status at the end of Grade 2 (8 years) rendered 3 groups: FR-dyslexic (
n
= 51), FR-nondyslexic (
n
= 92), and typically developing–nondyslexic (TD) children (
n
= 69).

Results
Repeated measures analyses showed that FR-dyslexic children had lower receptive vocabulary scores from 23 months onward and lower expressive scores from 17 months onward than FR-nondyslexic children. Latent growth curve modeling showed lower initial growth rates in FR-dyslexic children, followed by partial recovery, indicating a delayed increase in receptive and expressive vocabulary. FR-nondyslexic and TD children did not differ.

Conclusions
Early deficits in receptive and expressive vocabulary are associated with later reading. Early vocabulary growth of FR-dyslexic children is characterized by a delay but not deviance of growth. Vocabulary can be considered an additional risk factor for dyslexia.
Clinical Results of Cardiac Surgery in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C and Their Role in Risk Models: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Cakici Mehmet , Ozcinar Evren , Durdu Serkan , Inan Bahadir , Sirlak Mustafa , Akar Ruchan , Baran Cagdas 
Published: March 2017

Background To evaluate the results of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) following cardiac surgery in the TurcoSCORE (TrS) database.
Methods Sixty patients with HCV who underwent cardiac surgery between 2005 and 2016 in our clinic out of a total 8,018 patients from the TrS database were included in the study. The perioperative morbidity and mortality rates in these patients were compared with a matched cohort.
Results The mean follow-up time was 96.6 ± 12.3 months. Hospital mortality rates (HCV group 5% vs. control group 1.7%, p = 0.61) were similar between the groups. No significant difference was found in the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass (HCV 79.1 ± 12.3 vs. control 82.6 ± 11.8, p = 0.88) and cross clamps (HCV 33.4 ± 6.9 vs control 33.8 ± 7.2 p = 0.76) between the two groups. The rate of patients who were revised due to postoperative hemorrhage was significantly higher in the HCV arm compared with the matched cohort (HCV 13.3% vs. control 1.7%, p < 0.05). Although the measured prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) in the postoperative 24th hour were in normal ranges in both arms, they were significantly higher in the HCV arm (HCV 11.2 ± 1.2 vs. control 10.5 ± 0.8, p < 0.05; HCV 0.99 ± 0.06, vs. control 0.92 ± 0.03, p < 0.0001).
Conclusion The presence of HCV can be an important prognostic factor for morbidity in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. It can also play an important role in the risk models generated for cardiac surgery.
Left Ventricular Myxoma with Embolization Causes Acute Infrarenal Aortic Occlusion
Authors: Vashakmadze Nikoloz , Jaiani Sulkhan , Kovziridze Davit , Kurashvili Gela , Keshelava Grigol 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAtrial myxoma is the most common benign tumor of the heart; moreover, atrial myxoma embolization to the peripheral vessels is rare. We present an unusual case of total acute infrarenal aortic occlusion resulting from embolic implantation from a left ventricular myxoma. A 37-year-old man with acute lower limbs ischemia, spinal cord ischemia, and acute renal insufficiency was urgently operated and discharged after surgery.
Five-Strand versus Four-Strand Hamstring Tendon Graft Technique for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Biomechanical Comparison
Authors: Vaillant Eric , Parks Brent , Camire Lyn , Hinton Richard 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is to compare diameter and stiffness, displacement, and strain in a five-strand versus four-strand hamstring graft for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Eight matched pairs of lower extremities underwent four-strand or five-strand hamstring graft reconstruction. Diameter was significantly higher in the five-strand versus the four-strand construct (p = 0.002). No significant difference was found between the groups in construct displacement or stiffness. Significantly higher strain was observed in the inner limb versus the outer limb in the four-strand construct (p = 0.001) and in the inner limb versus the fifth limb in the 5-strand construct (p = 0.004). A fifth limb added to a four-strand hamstring graft significantly increased graft diameter but did not significantly change stiffness or displacement, suggesting that attachment of additional graft material via suture did not provide for full incorporation of the added limb into the graft at time zero. The inner limb in both constructs absorbed significantly greater load than did other limbs. The use of suture to attach additional material to a four-strand hamstring graft may not contribute to improved biomechanical qualities of the graft at time zero.
Patellar Height Measurements on Radiograph and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Patellar Instability and Control Patients
Authors: Yue R. , Arendt Elizabeth , Tompkins Marc 
Published: March 2017

AbstractInsall–Salvati (IS) ratio, modified IS ratio (mIS), Caton–Deschamps (CD) index, and Blackburne–Peel (BP) index are patellar height measurements commonly made on lateral radiographs (XRs) in patients with patellofemoral instability. More recently, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been used as an additional imaging modality to measure patellar height. However, different imaging modalities have not been previously compared for all of these measurements. First, to compare the patellar height measurements of IS, mIS, CD, and BP on XR and MRI in first-time lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) patients and a control population and, second, to evaluate for the effect of sex and skeletal maturity. All first-time LPD patients with both MRI and XR of the knee within 6 weeks of injury from 2008 to 2012 were included in the LPD group (n = 112). Patients without patellofemoral instability who underwent both MRI and XR of the knee served as controls (n = 129). Two independent observers measured patellar height. Mean values were compared among the radiographic modalities, sex, and skeletal maturity status. Interobserver reliability was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Patellar height in the LPD group measured greater on MRI than on XR for all four patellar height ratios (IS: 0.11; mIS: 0.07; CD: 0.18; BP: 0.08). In controls, MRI also demonstrated higher readings than XR on two indices (CD: 0.17; BP: 0.16). Skeletally immature patients measured higher than skeletally mature patients in the majority of the measurements by 0.12 to 0.20 on MRI and XR; the majority of the measurements showed no sex differences. ICC was excellent for IS on both MRI (ICC = 0.830) and XR (ICC = 0.849) and for CD on XR (ICC = 0.786). Patellar height measured greater on MRI than XR by approximately 0.10 across four patellar height measurement indices. Skeletally immature patients measured higher than skeletally mature on both MRI and XR, but sex did not have an effect. This is a retrospective cohort study and its level of evidence is 3.
Comparison of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Isometry between Paired Femoral and Tibial Tunnels
Authors: Cain E. , Biggers Marcus , Emblom Benton , Dugas Jeffrey , Beason David 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAccurate tunnel placement is important for a successful anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. Controversy exists concerning the preferred method of femoral tunnel preparation, with proponents of both medial portal and transtibial drilling techniques. Current ACL literature suggests that placement of the femoral ACL attachment site posterior or “low” in the ACL footprint leads to more anatomically correct ACL mechanics and better rotational control. There is limited literature focusing on ACL graft displacement through knee range of motion based on specific paired placement of femoral and tibial tunnels. Our purpose was to assess ACL isometry between multiple combinations of femoral and tibial tunnels. We hypothesized that placement of the graft at the posterior aspect of the ACL footprint on the femur would be significantly less isometric and lead to more graft displacement as compared with central or anterior placement. The ACL of matched pairs of cadaveric knees was arthroscopically debrided while leaving the soft tissue footprint on the femur and tibia intact. One knee from each pair underwent notchplasty. In all knees, three femoral and three tibial tunnels were created at the anterior, central, and posterior aspects of the ACL footprint. A suture was passed through each tunnel combination (nine potential pairs), and the change in isometry was measured throughout full knee range of motion. Placement of the femoral tunnel along the posterior aspect of the ACL footprint was less isometric compared with a central or anterior position in the femoral footprint. Placement of a posterior tibial tunnel also led to decreased isometry, but tibial tunnel placement affected isometry to a lesser extent than femoral tunnel placement. The combination of a posterior femoral and posterior tibial tunnel resulted in greater than 1 cm of graft excursion from full flexion to extension. Placement of ACL tunnels at anisometric sites may adversely affect the mechanical properties and behavior of the ACL graft, resulting in either graft laxity in flexion or overconstraint and loss of extension.
Topological knots and links in proteins
Authors: Dabrowski-Tumanski Pawel , Sulkowska Joanna I. 
Published: March 2017

Significance
Twenty years after a discovery of knotted proteins, we found that some single-protein chains can form links, which have even more complex structures than knots. We derive conditions that proteins need to meet to form links. We search through the entire Protein Data Bank and identify several chains that form a Hopf link and a Solomon link. The link motif has not been recognized before; however, it is clearly of important functional significance in proteins. In this article, we relate topological properties of proteins with links to their function and stability and show that the link topology is characteristic of eukaryotes only.
Steady-state EB cap size fluctuations are determined by stochastic microtubule growth and maturation
Authors: Rickman Jamie , Duellberg Christian , Cade Nicholas I. , Griffin Lewis D. , Surrey Thomas 
Published: March 2017

SignificanceEssential to microtubules’ function is their property of switching between phases of growth and shrinkage, called dynamic instability. Growing microtubules are protected by the presence of a GTP cap that is thought to fluctuate in size, causing stability fluctuations that eventually result in a switch to depolymerization. Despite their importance these fluctuations had not been quantitatively characterized until now, and hence their properties were previously unknown. Here we measure these cap size fluctuations and develop a theory that explains their properties based on the kinetic network of cap formation. This study provides a quantitative description of the fundamental process of microtubule cap size fluctuations. Their properties indicate that microtubules are far from instability for most of the time during growth.
A Call to Promote Healthcare Justice: A Summary of Integrated Outpatient Clinics Exemplifying Principles of Catholic Social Teaching
Authors: Waters Nicole P. , Schmale Trenton , Goetz Allison , Eberl Jason T. , Wells Jessica H. 
Published: March 2017

There is an urgent need to promote healthcare justice for patients as well as members of the healthcare team including physicians. In this article, we explain how principles of Catholic social teaching (i.e., dignity of the individual, common good, destination of goods, solidarity, and subsidiarity) are applied to health care, by featuring various types of outpatient clinics including free, charitable–direct primary care, hybrid, federally qualified health center, and rural health clinic. We describe how attempts have been made to improve the quality and access of health care by creating new medical schools (i.e., Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine) and training programs as well as allocating government funding to alleviate the cost of training new healthcare providers through the National Health Service Corps. Finally, we suggest a few approaches (i.e., adopting new clinic models to include volunteer healthcare professionals and cross-training members of the healthcare team) to fill in current gaps in health care. Summary There is a need to promote justice in healthcare. In this article, we explain how principles of Catholic social teaching are applied to health care. To illustrate this, we feature various types of outpatient clinics. We also describe how attempts have been made to improve the quality and access of health care. Finally, we suggest further ways to improve healthcare reform based upon Catholic social teaching.
The Principles of Catholic Social Teaching: A Guide for Decision Making from Daily Clinical Encounters to National Policy-Making
Authors: Wright Karen Shields 
Published: March 2017

Catholic social teaching (CST), a branch of moral theology, addresses contemporary issues within the political, economic, and cultural structures of society. The threefold cornerstone of CST contains the principles of human dignity, solidarity, and subsidiarity. It is the foundation on which to form our conscience in order to evaluate the framework of society and is the Catholic criteria for prudential judgment and direction in developing current policy-making. With knowledge of these social principles, in combination with our faith, we will be more armed and informed as to articulate the Catholic vision of reality, the truthful nature of the human person and society, to apply and integrate the social teachings in our everyday administrative and clinical encounters, and through the virtue of charity take action within the social, political, and economic spheres in which we have influence. Summary The Church's social encyclicals are a reflection upon the issues of the day using the light of faith and reason. They offer commentary on the ways to evaluate and address particular social problems—also using natural law principles—in the areas of politics, economics, and culture. Quotes were selected from the encyclicals that define and expand upon the primary principles for the purpose of representing them for study, reflection, and use in everyday personal and business encounters and decision making for healthcare professionals.
The Sisters of Mercy in the Crimean War: Lessons for Catholic Health Care
Authors: Paradis Mary Raphael , Hart Edith Mary , O'Brien Mary Judith 
Published: March 2017

In 1856, an appeal went out to nurses in both England and Ireland, and especially to religious nurses, to care for the troops fighting in the Crimean War. The Sisters of Mercy, founded in 1831 by Venerable Catherine McAuley, answered that call. This article describes the enormous challenges the Sisters faced in that mission, which was a test of their nursing skills, flexibility, organizational ability, and their spirit of mercy. The challenges they faced professionally and as religious Sisters, the manner in which they faced those challenges, and their spiritual lives as religious women shaped their ability to give comprehensive care. Some applications are made to the challenges which religious communities and organizations working in health care face in our country at this time. Summary This article describes the challenges faced by a group of Sisters of Mercy from England and Ireland who volunteered to serve as nurses in the Crimean War from 1856 to 1858. Applications are made to challenges which are faced by religious communities and organizations in the current secular healthcare environment.
Will Catholic Hospitals Survive without Government Reimbursements?
Authors: Archer David L. 
Published: March 2017

This brief essay will begin to address the feasibility of operating a Catholic healthcare system without reimbursement from government healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. This question stems from the recent ACA/HHS “Nondiscrimination in Health Programs and Activities” final rule. Summary The average hospital in the United States receives 40-50 percent of its net revenues from governmental sources. Participation in Medicare is contingent upon the hospital having a Medicare provider agreement. Participation in other governmental programs (Medicaid) as well as most commercial insurance is also contingent upon that agreement. Hospitals, including “Catholic” hospitals, cannot survive without a Medicare provider agreement. That agreement may be terminated for non-compliance with Medicare and other governmental regulations such as the recent ACA/HHS “Nondiscrimination in Health Programs and Activities” final rule, which could require “Catholic” hospitals to provide services which violate moral principals of the Church.
Life History Diversity of Snake River Steelhead Populations between and within Management Categories
Authors: Copeland Timothy , Ackerman Michael W. , Wright Kristin K. , Byrne Alan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Grouping populations for management may overlook the fine-scale diversity underpinning the stability and resilience of meta-populations and fisheries. A bimodal timing distribution of summer-run steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss (anadromous Rainbow Trout) historically was observed at Bonneville Dam (BON), the first barrier to upstream migration in the Columbia River basin. Early mode fish (A-run) tended to be younger and smaller (&lt;78 cm) than later fish (B-run). While A-run fish spawn throughout the Columbia River basin, B-run fish spawn primarily in the Snake River basin. Managers used indices of these modes to make fishery decisions, and later these criteria were adopted for conservation. It is still unclear how life history and body size differences among wild Snake River populations are related to the categories at BON. We examined population parameters characterizing the two categories (date of passage at BON, length) and parameters directly affecting population dynamics (age composition, sex ratio). The life history portfolio of Snake River steelhead is quite diverse. There was broad overlap among populations in several respects, forming a gradient in life history characteristics rather than a dichotomous break. All populations produced adults &lt;78 cm and adults returning after August 25. Median lengths of putative B-run populations were close to the criterion that was supposed to be a defining characteristic. In contrast, few A-run populations produced many adults ≥78 cm. Mean percentage of two-ocean fish was 52.1% for A-run populations and 82.0% for B-run populations. Mean age at spawn was greater in populations producing older smolts. Sex ratio was female biased, and older populations had greater percentages of females. Although the run-type dichotomy was useful for management of fisheries in the past, it is not useful for conservation. A combination of genetic stock identification at main-stem dams and population-specific monitoring in natal streams provides a unified framework for the assessment of fisheries management and conservation objectives.
Received March 2, 2016; accepted November 9, 2016 Published online March 10, 2017
An Updated Description of the Benefits and Consequences of Red Snapper Shrimp Trawl Bycatch Management Actions in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Gallaway Benny J. , Gazey W. J. , Cole J. G. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Populations of Red Snapper Lutjanus campechanus in the Gulf of Mexico remain overfished, but overfishing has been ended. Historically, rebuilding plans were based almost entirely on the reduction of shrimp trawl bycatch mortality, which was believed to account for 80% of the total juvenile Red Snapper mortality. This estimate was based on the assumption that juvenile Red Snapper had low rates of natural mortality. Bycatch reduction devices were believed to be capable of reducing bycatch mortality by more than 50%, which would enable the stock to rebuild without any other management actions. Over the years, new information has shown that natural mortality rates of juvenile Red Snapper are four times higher than originally estimated, and bycatch mortality is presently estimated to comprise only about 4% of the total juvenile mortality. Hence, bycatch reduction, regardless of the means by which it is achieved, will not be very effective for rebuilding the Red Snapper stock. Limits on the harvest of adult Red Snapper beginning in 2007 have put this species on the road to recovery, but care must be taken to maintain a conservative harvest if full recovery goals are to be met on schedule.
Received June 15, 2016; accepted December 8, 2016 Published online March 10, 2017
The Relationship between Feigned Psychiatric Symptoms and Feigned Lack of Legal Knowledge among a Multi-Site Sample of Forensic Inpatients
Authors: Gottfried Emily D. , Vitacco Michael J. , Steadham Jennifer A. 
Published: March 2017

The accurate assessment of feigning is a cornerstone of forensic evaluations. This study examined two feigning strategies defendants may use for the purpose of being found not competent to stand to trial: feigning psychiatric symptoms and feigning lack of legal knowledge. Participants included 203 forensic inpatients undergoing competency to stand trial assessments at two state hospitals. Each participant was administered the Miller Forensic Assessment of Symptoms Test and the Inventory of Legal Knowledge. Results indicated that there was a significant relationship between these two types of feigning (manual cut scores: χ2 (1, 203) = 23.02, p < .001) and the presence of one feigning strategy increased his or her risk for engaging in the other feigning strategy (e.g., using the manual cut scores, participants shown to be feigning psychiatric symptoms were 2.23 times more likely to feign lack of legal knowledge than those not feigning psychiatric symptoms). This article provides evidence of an increased risk of defendants employing a second feigning strategy when it is determined they are already using one strategy. These results encourage forensic evaluators to be cognizant of the nature of feigning and various strategies employed by individuals undergoing evaluations of competency.