bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Association Between Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes and Surgical Site Infection Following Cesarean Section
Authors: Çınar Mehmet , Timur Hakan , Güzel Ali İrfan , Tokmak Aytekin , Ersak Burak , Saygan Sibel , Uygur Dilek 
Published: September 2016

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical characteristics of surgical-site infections (SSIs) following cesarean section (CS) and to identify infection rates and risk factors associated with SSIs following cesarean section. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 197 patients who underwent cesarean and complicated with SSIs was evaluated during hospital stay or within 30 days following cesarean section by readmission to the hospital or by post discharge survey. The clinical characteristics, subsequent microbiological culture results and management were recorded. RESULTS: There were 34 (17.25%) patients complicated with preeclampsia and 26 (13.17%) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the study group. Preterm rupture of membranes (PROM) rate was 17.31% and mean rupture period were 6.61 hours. In the study population, 66 patients had positive culture results. The most isolated microorganism was S. Aureus (n=13, 19.7%). Preeclampsia, GDM and PROM rates were statically significant high in patients with positive culture results (p<0.05). There were 31 patients complicated with PROM in the study group. The rates of positive culture results were significantly increased by PROM (mean 45%, p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for post-cesarean SSIs are younger age, obesity, diabetes, hypertension, premature rupture of membranes. Information regarding higher rates of SSIs should be provided to obese women undergoing cesarean delivery, especially when diabetes and hypertension coexists.
SAGD process: a match up simulation and grid sensitivity analysis
Authors: Cusandei Rodrigo Mendes Batista 
Published: September 2016

The use of fuel from bitumen has become highly demanded in the past years not only in Canada, but in many other countries, and it will still be one of the main sources of energy in the next decades. Also, new technologies for the exploration of these reserves are also being highly stimulated to achieve the huge amount of oil found in these reservoirs. For oil sands in Canada, the SAGD process is vastly used by all companies. It involves two horizontal parallels wells, usually located 5 meters apart from one another, one for the injection of steam, and the other for the producer of the heated oil. In this paper, two cases were analyzed, one is a match up reservoir simulation with a previous case paper, and the other is a grid sensitivity analysis for a new reservoir model. All the simulations were performed by CMG STARS simulator. For the match up case, it is noticed that every parameter is important in order to have similar plots in both simulations. Some parameters were used as default values; therefore, some results were slightly different. For the grid sensitivity case, the grid distribution plays a role in the results. Although the results were slightly shifted to one another, it can be seen that, the finer is the reservoir, the more detailed the results are. Plots such as cumulative oil, water and oil rates were shown in order to give a complete conclusion about the model in analysis.
Predictors of postretention stability of mandibular dental arch dimensions in patients treated with a lip bumper during mixed dentition followed by fixed appliances
Authors: Raucci Gaetana , Pachêco-Pereira Camila , Elyasi Maryam , d'Apuzzo Fabrizia , Flores-Mir Carlos , Perillo Letizia 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
Objective: To identify which dental and/or cephalometric variables were predictors of postretention mandibular dental arch stability in patients who underwent treatment with transpalatal arch and lip bumper during mixed dentition followed by full fixed appliances in the permanent dentition.
Materials and Methods: Thirty-one patients were divided into stable and relapse groups based on the postretention presence or absence of relapse. Intercuspid, interpremolar, and intermolar widths; arch length and perimeter; crowding; and lower incisor proclination were evaluated before treatment (T0), after lip bumper treatment (T1), after fixed appliance treatment (T2), and a minimum of 3 years after removal of the full fixed appliance (T3). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of changes between T0 and T1, as predictive variables, on the occurrence of relapse at T3.
Results: The model explained 53.5 % of the variance in treatment stability and correctly classified 80.6 % of the sample. Of the seven prediction variables, intermolar and interpremolar changes between T0 and T1 (P = .024 and P = .034, respectively) were statistically significant. For every millimeter of increase in intermolar and interpremolar widths there was a 1.52 and 2.70 times increase, respectively, in the odds of having stability. There was also weak evidence for the effect of sex (P = .047).
Conclusions: The best predictors of an average 4-year postretention mandibular dental arch stability after treatment with a lip bumper followed by full fixed appliances were intermolar and interpremolar width increases during lip bumper therapy. The amount of relapse in this crowding could be considered clinically irrelevant.
Steppe by Steppe: Exploring Environmental Change in Southern Ukraine
Authors: Moon David 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
This article examines the environment of the steppe of Southern Ukraine. It is based on a journey across the steppe; what I learned from people, especially scientists, I met; and research in printed sources. The article aims to be an example of how environmental historians can integrate fieldwork with more conventional historical research. The first section considers ‘nature transformed’. Since the conquest by the Russian Empire in the eighteenth century, the steppe grassland has been transformed from pasture for livestock into agricultural land farmed by settlers of European origin. The second section, ‘nature protected’, discusses the Askania Nova biosphere reserve, where an area of native grassland has been protected since the late-nineteenth century. The reserve also contains an artificial woodland park and grazing animals brought from all over the world. The third section, ‘nature destroyed’, is about the Oleshkovskie sands, on the left bank of the estuary of the Dnepr river opposite the city of Kherson. Since ancient times, a pine forest grew on the sands. European settlers cleared much of the forest for grazing, leading to erosion. Trees have since been replanted in a circle surrounding a curious landscape of sand dunes, which have become a habitat for rare plant species. The sands were also used a bombing range for Warsaw Pact air forces during the Cold War.
Les poèmes visuels espagnols des années 1960-1970 : objets hybrides et balancement d’une voix perdue ?
Authors: Lavergne Lucie 
Published: September 2016

Dans la poésie visuelle espagnole des années 1960-70, l’hybridité ne provient pas, d’abord, d’éléments extérieurs au texte mais de l’exploration du texte et de ses potentialités cachées. Son travail sur la page, le jeu sur les lettres, font apparaître de nouveaux modes de signifier qui interrogent les origines du langage et le sujet poétique, entre conscient et inconscient. A la fois lisible et illisible, le poème visuel met en scène une poétique du balancement : le doute, le vacillement, sont au cœur de la création poétique. La voix poétique se morcelle et semble se dissoudre, à moins qu’elle ne réapparaisse à travers une « esthétique du conflit » : l’hybridité est alors l’expression privilégiée d’un positionnement politique du poète dans un contexte (notamment linguistique) de crise.
Practical considerations for implementing genomic information resources
Authors: Overby Casey , Connolly John , Chute Christopher , Denny Joshua , Freimuth Robert , Hartzler Andrea , Holm Ingrid , Manzi Shannon , Pathak Jyotishman , Peissig Peggy , Smith Maureen , Williams Marc , Shirts Brian , Stoffel Elena , Tarczy-Hornoch Peter , Vitek Carolyn R. , Wolf Wendy , Starren Justin , Rasmussen Luke 
Published: September 2016

SummaryTo understand opinions and perceptions on the state of information resources specifically targeted to genomics, and approaches to delivery in clinical practice.We conducted a survey of genomic content use and its clinical delivery from representatives across eight institutions in the electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) network and two institutions in the Clinical Sequencing Exploratory Research (CSER) consortium in 2014.Eleven responses representing distinct projects across ten sites showed heterogeneity in how content is being delivered, with provider-facing content primarily delivered via the electronic health record (EHR) (n=10), and paper/pamphlets as the leading mode for patient-facing content (n=9). There was general agreement (91%) that new content is needed for patients and providers specific to genomics, and that while aspects of this content could be shared across institutions there remain site-specific needs (73% in agreement).This work identifies a need for the improved access to and expansion of information resources to support genomic medicine, and opportunities for content developers and EHR vendors to partner with institutions to develop needed resources, and streamline their use – such as a central content site in multiple modalities while implementing approaches to allow for site-specific customization.Citation: Rasmussen LV, Overby CL, Connolly J, Chute CG, Denny JC, Freimuth RR, Hartzler AL, Holm IA, Manzi S, Pathak J, Peissig PL, Smith M, Williams MS, Shirts BH, Stoffel EM, Tarczy-Hornoch P, Rohrer Vitek CR, Wolf WA, Starren J. Practical considerations for implementing genomic information resources – experiences from eMERGE and CSER.
Feasibility of Using an Arm Weight–Supported Training System to Improve Hand Function Skills in Children With Hemiplegia
Authors: Krishnaswamy Swetha , Coletti Daniel J. , Berlin Hilary , Friel Kathleen 
Published: September 2016

AbstractOBJECTIVE. This investigation was a pilot feasibility trial evaluating the use of an arm-weight–supported training device to improve upper-extremity function in children with hemiplegia.METHOD. A single-group within-subject design was used. Participants were 6 children ages 7–17 yr with upper-extremity weakness secondary to hemiplegia. The intervention consisted of 15–18 treatment sessions using an arm-weight–supported training device with the affected upper extremity. Fine motor function was assessed using the Jebsen–Taylor Hand Function Test, the Box and Block Test, and the Assisting Hand Assessment. We examined participants’ interactions with the device and assessment scores pre- and postintervention.RESULTS. Five of the 6 children exhibited some changes after the therapy. The system required significant modifications to ensure appropriate positioning.CONCLUSION. The arm-weight–supported system may be viable for therapeutic use. Future studies should use randomized controlled designs and compare effectiveness of weight-supported training with that of other rehabilitation strategies.
Mothers With Physical Disability: Child Care Adaptations at Home
Authors: Wint Amy J. , Smith Diane L. , Iezzoni Lisa I. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This study describes how women with physical disability experience caregiving for a new infant and how they adapt their home environment and care tasks.
METHOD. In 2013, we conducted 2-hr telephone interviews with 22 women with significant physical disability who had delivered babies within the previous 10 yr. The semistructured, open-ended interview protocol addressed wide-ranging pregnancy-related topics. NVivo was used to sort the texts for content analysis.
RESULTS. Night care, bathing, and carrying the baby were identified as the biggest challenges. Typical adaptations (with and without occupational therapy consultation) included use of a wrap for carrying the infant, furniture adaptations for mothers using wheelchairs, and assistance from caregivers.
CONCLUSION. Women with physical disability can be fully capable of caring for an infant and can find ways to adapt their environment. Further research may determine the role of occupation therapy.
Japanese internally headed relatives: A hybrid analysis with Kuroda functions
Authors: Landman Fred 
Published: September 2016

This paper argues that the analysis of Japanese internally headed relatives must steer a course between the Scylla and Charybdis of reduction to externally headed relatives and reduction to discourse anaphora. The analysis given here is based on that of Grosu &amp; Landman (2012), but the present paper reconsiders some of the central data in Grosu &amp; Landman (2012) in the light of the diagnostic tests given in Grosu &amp; Hoshi (2016), and argues for a simplification of the basic analysis, which actually strengthens the theory considerably. The paper then extends the analysis given with an analytic tool – a Lombardian presupposition mechanism for Kuroda functions – which allows the implementation of the Kuroda relevancy condition (Kuroda 1976–77). It is further shown how the improved analysis can provide a semantics for so-called change relatives, which were mentioned but not analyzed in Hoshi (1995) and Kim (2007). An appendix recapitulates and refines the discussion of scope phenomena in internally headed relatives from Grosu &amp; Landman (2012).This article is part of the special collection: Internally-headed Relative Clauses
Sensitive Determination of Sertraline in Commercial Drugs and Its Stability Check in Simulated Gastric Juice
Authors: Koçoğlu Elif Seda , Bakırdere Sezgin , Keyf Seyfullah 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
A sensitive analytical method was developed for the determination of sertraline in commercial drug samples by using GC–MS. The selected-ion monitoring mode was used at the most sensitive m/z 274 to obtain a lower detection limit. LOD/LOQ values were obtained as 1.6/5.4 ng/mL for sertraline under the optimum conditions. The calibration plot was linear between 5.0 and 2000 ng/mL with the correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The validated method was successfully applied to three different brands of drug samples for both qualitative and quantitative measurement of sertraline. In this experiment, four replicate extractions were performed for each brand, and the results were compared to the values written on the labels of the drug brands. Spiking experiments were also performed to check the effect of the matrixes on the determination, and it was observed that there was no shift in the retention time of the analyte. In addition, simulated gastric juice experiments were performed to check the stability of sertraline in the stomach for 240 min, and it was observed that there was no change in the structure of the analyte.
Clinical-Grade Isolated Human Kidney Perivascular Stromal Cells as an Organotypic Cell Source for Kidney Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Leuning Daniëlle G. , Reinders Marlies E.J. , Li Joan , Peired Anna J. , Lievers Ellen , de Boer Hetty C. , Fibbe Willem E. , Romagnani Paola , van Kooten Cees , Little Melissa H. , Engelse Marten A. , Rabelink Ton J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are immunomodulatory and tissue homeostatic cells that have shown beneficial effects in kidney diseases and transplantation. Perivascular stromal cells (PSCs) identified within several different organs share characteristics of bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs). These PSCs may also possess tissue-specific properties and play a role in local tissue homeostasis. We hypothesized that human kidney-derived PSCs (hkPSCs) would elicit improved kidney repair in comparison with BM-MSCs. Here we introduce a novel, clinical-grade isolation method of hkPSCs from cadaveric kidneys by enriching for the perivascular marker, NG2. hkPSCs show strong transcriptional similarities to BM-MSCs but also show organotypic expression signatures, including the HoxD10 and HoxD11 nephrogenic transcription factors. Comparable to BM-MSCs, hkPSCs showed immunosuppressive potential and, when cocultured with endothelial cells, vascular plexus formation was supported, which was specifically in the hkPSCs accompanied by an increased NG2 expression. hkPSCs did not undergo myofibroblast transformation after exposure to transforming growth factor-β, further corroborating their potential regulatory role in tissue homeostasis. This was further supported by the observation that hkPSCs induced accelerated repair in a tubular epithelial wound scratch assay, which was mediated through hepatocyte growth factor release. In vivo, in a neonatal kidney injection model, hkPSCs reintegrated and survived in the interstitial compartment, whereas BM-MSCs did not show this potential. Moreover, hkPSCs gave protection against the development of acute kidney injury in vivo in a model of rhabdomyolysis-mediated nephrotoxicity. Overall, this suggests a superior therapeutic potential for the use of hkPSCs and their secretome in the treatment of kidney diseases.
A randomized safety and pharmacokinetic trial of daily tenofovir 1% gel in term and near‐term pregnancy
Authors: Beigi Richard H , Noguchi Lisa M , Montgomery Elizabeth , Biggio Joseph , Hendrix Craig W , Marzinke Mark A , Dai James Y , Pan Jason , Na Ayudhya Ratiya Kunjara , Schwartz Jill L , Isaacs Karen , Piper Jeanna M , Watts D Heather 
Published: September 2016

IntroductionVaginal tenofovir (TFV) 1% gel may reduce incident HIV‐1 and herpes simplex virus 2 infection. Pregnancy may increase risk of HIV acquisition, and incident HIV in pregnancy potentiates perinatal HIV transmission. Our objective was to investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of seven days of TFV 1% vaginal gel in term and near‐term pregnancy.MethodsNinety‐eight healthy pregnant women, stratified to a term cohort followed by a near‐term cohort, were enrolled into a 2:1 randomized, double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled trial. Women received TFV or placebo gel for seven consecutive days with pharmacokinetic sampling on days 0 and 6. Maternal and cord blood were collected at delivery. Primary end points included laboratory and genital adverse events, adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes, and maternal TFV levels.ResultsMost adverse events were grade 1 and none of the grade 3 or 4 adverse events were related to study product. There was no significant difference in safety end points between the two pregnancy cohorts (p=0.18); therefore, their data were combined. Primary safety end point rates were similar for mothers randomized to the TFV gel vs placebo arm (72.7 and 68.8%, p=0.81). The same was true for newborns in the TFV gel vs placebo arms (4.5% vs 6.3%, p=0.66). All women randomized to TFV had quantifiable serum levels within eight hours of dosing, with low overall median (interquartile range) day 0 and day 6 peak values (3.8 (2.0 to 7.0) and 5.8 (2.6 to 9.4) ng/mL, respectively).ConclusionsDaily TFV 1% vaginal gel use in term and near‐term pregnancy appears to be safe and produces low serum drug levels.
Quenching effects for piezoelectric properties on lead-free (Bi1/2Na1/2)TiO3ceramics
Authors: Muramatsu Hiroki , Nagata Hajime , Takenaka Tadashi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractLead-free ferroelectric and piezoelectric ceramics, (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3(BNT), were fabricated by a quenching procedure after sintering, and then their electrical properties were investigated with the aim to increase their depolarization temperatureTd. From the measurement of the temperature dependence of dielectric properties,Tdincreased with increasing quench temperature. TheTdof a BNT sample quenched from 1100 °C was 223 °C, which was almost 50 °C higher than that prepared by the ordinary cooling process. From the measurement ofP–Ehysteresis loops, both the remanent polarizationPrand the coercive fieldEcof BNT samples prepared by ordinary firing were almost the same as those quenched from 1100 °C. Additionally, from the measurements by a resonance–antiresonance method, the electromechanical coupling factork33of ordinarily fired BNT was 0.45, and that of the quenched BNT was 0.46. From these results, it is clarified that the quenching procedure is an effective way to increase theTdof BNT ceramics without deteriorating ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties.
Nanoarchitectonics
Authors: Ariga Katsuhiko , Aono Masakazu 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The construction of functional systems with nanosized parts would not possible by simple technology (nanotechnology). It can be handled by certain kinds of more sophisticated carpenter work or artistic architectonics (nanoarchitectonics). However, architecting materials in the nanoscale is not very simple because of various unexpected and uncontrollable thermal/statistical fluctuations and mutual interactions. The latter factors inevitably disturb the interactions between component building blocks. Therefore, several techniques and actions, including the regulation of atomic/molecular manipulation, molecular modification by organic chemistry, control of physicochemical interactions, self-assembly/organization, and application of external physical stimuli, must be well combined. This short review describes the historical backgrounds and essences of nanoarchitectonics, followed by a brief introduction of recent examples related to nanoarchitectonics. These examples are categorized in accordance with their physical usages: (i) atom/molecule control; (ii) devices and sensors; (iii) the other applications based on interfacial nanoarchitectonics.
Chromosomal rearrangements and protein globularity changes inMycobacterium tuberculosisisolates from cerebrospinal fluid
Authors: Saw Seow Hoon , Tan Joon Liang , Chan Xin Yue , Chan Kok Gan , Ngeow Yun Fong 
Published: September 2016

BackgroundMeningitis is a major cause of mortality in tuberculosis (TB). It is not clear what factors promote central nervous system invasion and pathology but it has been reported that certain strains ofMycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) might have genetic traits associated with neurotropism.MethodsIn this study, we generated whole genome sequences of eight clinical strains ofMtbthat were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients presenting with tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in Malaysia, and compared them to the genomes of H37Rv and other respiratoryMtbgenomes either downloaded from public databases or extracted from local sputum isolates. We aimed to find genomic features that might be distinctly different between CSF-derived and respiratoryMtb.ResultsGenome-wide comparisons revealed rearrangements (translocations, inversions, insertions and deletions) and non-synonymous SNPs in our CSF-derived strains that were not observed in the respiratoryMtbgenomes used for comparison. These rearranged segments were rich in genes for PE (proline-glutamate)/PPE (proline-proline-glutamate), transcriptional and membrane proteins. Similarly, most of the ns SNPs common in CSF strains were noted in genes encoding PE/PPE proteins. Protein globularity differences were observed among mycobacteria from CSF and respiratory sources and in proteins previously reported to be associated with TB meningitis. Transcription factors and other transcription regulators featured prominently in these proteins. Homologs of proteins associated withStreptococcus pneumoniaemeningitis andNeisseria meningitidisvirulence were identified in neuropathogenic as well as respiratory mycobacterial spp. examined in this study.DiscussionThe occurrence of in silico genetic differences in CSF-derived but not respiratoryMtbsuggests their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of TBM. However, overall findings in this comparative analysis support the postulation that TB meningeal infection is more likely to be related to the expression of multiple virulence factors on interaction with host defences than to CNS tropism associated with specific genetic traits.