bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anti-high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) antibody inhibits hemorrhage-induced brain injury and improved neurological deficits in rats
Authors: Wang Dengli , Liu Keyue , Wake Hidenori , Teshigawara Kiyoshi , Mori Shuji , Nishibori Masahiro 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAs one of the most lethal stroke subtypes, intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is acknowledged as a serious clinical problem lacking effective treatment. Available evidence from preclinical and clinical studies suggests that inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the progression of ICH-induced secondary brain injury. High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous and abundant nonhistone DNA-binding protein, and is also an important proinflammatory molecule once released into the extracellular space from the nuclei. Here, we show that treatment with neutralizing anti-HMGB1 mAb (1 mg/kg, i.v. twice) remarkably ameliorated ICH-injury induced by local injection of collagenase IV in the striatum of rats. Administration of anti-HMGB1 mAb inhibited the release of HMGB1 into the extracellular space in the peri-hematomal region, reduced serum HMGB1 levels and decreased brain edema by protecting blood-brain barrier integrity, in association with decreased activated microglia and the expression of inflammation-related factors at 24 h after ICH. Consequently, anti-HMGB1 mAb reduced the oxidative stress and improved the behavioral performance of rats. These results strongly indicate that HMGB1 plays a critical role in the development of ICH-induced secondary injury through the amplification of plural inflammatory responses. Intravenous injection of neutralizing anti-HMGB1 mAb has potential as a novel therapeutic strategy for ICH.
Four genes essential for recombination define GInts, a new type of mobile genomic island widespread in bacteria
Authors: Bardaji Leire , Echeverría Myriam , Rodríguez-Palenzuela Pablo , Martínez-García Pedro M. , Murillo Jesús 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntegrases are a family of tyrosine recombinases that are highly abundant in bacterial genomes, actively disseminating adaptive characters such as pathogenicity determinants and antibiotics resistance. Using comparative genomics and functional assays, we identified a novel type of mobile genetic element, the GInt, in many diverse bacterial groups but not in archaea. Integrated as genomic islands, GInts show a tripartite structure consisting of the ginABCD operon, a cargo DNA region from 2.5 to at least 70 kb, and a short AT-rich 3′ end. The gin operon is characteristic of GInts and codes for three putative integrases and a small putative helix-loop-helix protein, all of which are essential for integration and excision of the element. Genes in the cargo DNA are acquired mostly from phylogenetically related bacteria and often code for traits that might increase fitness, such as resistance to antimicrobials or virulence. GInts also tend to capture clusters of genes involved in complex processes, such as the biosynthesis of phaseolotoxin by Pseudomonas syringae. GInts integrate site-specifically, generating two flanking direct imperfect repeats, and excise forming circular molecules. The excision process generates sequence variants at the element attachment site, which can increase frequency of integration and drive target specificity.
Deterministic bead-in-droplet ejection utilizing an integrated plug-in bead dispenser for single bead–based applications
Authors: Kim Hojin , Choi In Ho , Lee Sanghyun , Won Dong-Joon , Oh Yong Suk , Kwon Donghoon , Sung Hyung Jin , Jeon Sangmin , Kim Joonwon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a deterministic bead-in-droplet ejection (BIDE) technique that regulates the precise distribution of microbeads in an ejected droplet. The deterministic BIDE was realized through the effective integration of a microfluidic single-particle handling technique with a liquid dispensing system. The integrated bead dispenser facilitates the transfer of the desired number of beads into a dispensing volume and the on-demand ejection of bead-encapsulated droplets. Single bead–encapsulated droplets were ejected every 3 s without any failure. Multiple-bead dispensing with deterministic control of the number of beads was demonstrated to emphasize the originality and quality of the proposed dispensing technique. The dispenser was mounted using a plug-socket type connection, and the dispensing process was completely automated using a programmed sequence without any microscopic observation. To demonstrate a potential application of the technique, bead-based streptavidin–biotin binding assay in an evaporating droplet was conducted using ultralow numbers of beads. The results evidenced the number of beads in the droplet crucially influences the reliability of the assay. Therefore, the proposed deterministic bead-in-droplet technology can be utilized to deliver desired beads onto a reaction site, particularly to reliably and efficiently enrich and detect target biomolecules.
Enhanced Terahertz Radiation Generation of Photoconductive Antennas Based on Manganese Ferrite Nanoparticles
Authors: Lai Weien , Mazin Abdulmunem Oday , del Pino Pablo , Pelaz Beatriz , Parak Wolfgang J. , Zhang Qian , Zhang Huaiwu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper presents a significant effect of manganese ferrite nanoparticles (MnFe2O4 NPs) on the increase of the surface photoconductivity of semiconductors. Herein, the optical characterization of photo-excited carriers of silicon coated with MnFe2O4 NPs was studied by using THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDs). We observed that silicon coated with MnFe2O4 NPs provided a significantly enhanced attenuation of THz radiation in comparison with bare silicon substrates under laser irradiation. The experimental results were assessed in the context of a surface band structure model of semiconductors. In addition, photoconductive antennas coated with MnFe2O4 NPs significantly improved the efficiency of THz radiation generation and signal to noise ratio of the THz signal. This work demonstrates that coating with MnFe2O4 NPs could improve the overall performance of THz systems, and MnFe2O4 NPs could be further used for the implementation of novel optical devices.
Toward a scientific understanding of the effectiveness, material basis and prescription compatibility of a Chinese herbal formula Dan-hong injection
Authors: Li Panlin , Su Weiwei , Yun Sha , Liao Yiqiu , Liao Yinyin , Liu Hong , Li Peibo , Wang Yonggang , Peng Wei , Yao Hongliang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSince traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a complex mixture of multiple components, the application of methodologies for evaluating single-components Western medicine in TCM studies may have certain limitations. Appropriate strategies that recognize the integrality of TCM and connect to TCM theories remain to be developed. Here we use multiple unique approaches to study the scientific connotation of a TCM formula Dan-hong injection (DHI) without undermining its prescription integrity. The blood circulation improving and healing promoting effects of DHI were assessed by a qi stagnation blood stasis rat model and a mouse model of laser irradiation induced cerebral microvascular thrombosis. By UFLC-PDA-Triple Q-TOF-MS/MS and relevance analysis between chemical characters and biological effects, 82 chemical constituents and nine core components, whose blood circulation promoting effects were found comparable to that of whole DHI, were successfully identified. What’s more, the rationality of DHI prescription compatibility could be reflected not only in the maximum efficacy of the original ratio, but also in the interactions of compounds from different ingredient herbs, such as complementary activities and facilitating tissues distribution. This study provides scientific evidences in explanation of the clinical benefits of DHI, and also gives a good demonstration for the comprehensive evaluation of other TCM.
Loss of Polycomb Group Protein Pcgf1 Severely Compromises Proper Differentiation of Embryonic Stem Cells
Authors: Yan Yun , Zhao Wukui , Huang Yikai , Tong Huan , Xia Yin , Jiang Qing , Qin Jinzhong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) is essential for fate decisions of embryonic stem (ES) cells. Emerging evidence suggests that six major variants of PRC1 complex, defined by the mutually exclusive presence of Pcgf subunit, regulate distinct biological processes, yet very little is known about the mechanism by which each version of PRC1 instructs and maintains cell fate. Here, we disrupted the Pcgf1, also known as Nspc1 and one of six Pcgf paralogs, in mouse ES cells by the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We showed that although these mutant cells were viable and retained normal self-renewal, they displayed severe defects in differentiation in vitro. To gain a better understanding of the role of Pcgf1 in transcriptional control of differentiation, we analysed mRNA profiles from Pcgf1 deficient cells using RNA-seq. Interestingly, we found that Pcgf1 positively regulated expression of essential transcription factors involved in ectoderm and mesoderm differentiation, revealing an unexpected function of Pcgf1 in gene activation during ES cell lineage specification. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that Pcgf1 deletion caused a decrease in Ring1B and its associated H2AK119ub1 mark binding to target genes. Altogether, our results suggested an unexpected function of Pcgf1 in gene activation during ES cell maintenance.
Olanzapine, but not clozapine, increases glutamate release in the prefrontal cortex of freely moving mice by inhibiting D-aspartate oxidase activity
Authors: Sacchi Silvia , Novellis Vito De , Paolone Giovanna , Nuzzo Tommaso , Iannotta Monica , Belardo Carmela , Squillace Marta , Bolognesi Paolo , Rosini Elena , Motta Zoraide , Frassineti Martina , Bertolino Alessandro , Pollegioni Loredano , Morari Michele , Maione Sabatino , Errico Francesco , Usiello Alessandro 
Published: April 2017

AbstractD-aspartate levels in the brain are regulated by the catabolic enzyme D-aspartate oxidase (DDO). D-aspartate activates NMDA receptors, and influences brain connectivity and behaviors relevant to schizophrenia in animal models. In addition, recent evidence reported a significant reduction of D-aspartate levels in the post-mortem brain of schizophrenia-affected patients, associated to higher DDO activity. In the present work, microdialysis experiments in freely moving mice revealed that exogenously administered D-aspartate efficiently cross the blood brain barrier and stimulates L-glutamate efflux in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Consistently, D-aspartate was able to evoke L-glutamate release in a preparation of cortical synaptosomes through presynaptic stimulation of NMDA, mGlu5 and AMPA/kainate receptors. In support of a potential therapeutic relevance of D-aspartate metabolism in schizophrenia, in vitro enzymatic assays revealed that the second-generation antipsychotic olanzapine, differently to clozapine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, bupropion, fluoxetine and amitriptyline, inhibits the human DDO activity. In line with in vitro evidence, chronic systemic administration of olanzapine induces a significant extracellular release of D-aspartate and L-glutamate in the PFC of freely moving mice, which is suppressed in Ddo knockout animals. These results suggest that the second-generation antipsychotic olanzapine, through the inhibition of DDO activity, increases L-glutamate release in the PFC of treated mice.
Characterization of chiral amino acids from different milk origins using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to ion-mobility mass spectrometry
Authors: Tian He , Zheng Nan , Li Songli , Zhang Yangdong , Zhao Shengguo , Wen Fang , Wang Jiaqi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMilk contains free amino acids (AAs) that play essential roles in maintaining the growth and health of infants, and D-AA isomers are increasingly being recognized as important signalling molecules. However, there are no studies of the different characteristics of chiral AA (C-AA) from different milk origins. Here, UPLC coupled to ion-mobility high-resolution MS (IM-HRMS) was employed to characterize 18 pairs of C-AAs in human, cow, yak, buffalo, goat, and camel milk. The results proved that milk origins can be differentiated based on the D- to L- AA ratio-based projection scores by principal component analysis. The present study gives a deeper understanding of the D- to L- AA ratio underlying the biological functions of different animal milks, and provide a new strategy for the study of AA metabolic pathways.
Changes in SCD gene DNA methylation after bariatric surgery in morbidly obese patients are associated with free fatty acids
Authors: Morcillo Sonsoles , Martín-Núñez Gracia Mª , García-Serrano Sara , Gutierrez-Repiso Carolina , Rodriguez-Pacheco Francisca , Valdes Sergio , Gonzalo Montserrat , Rojo-Martinez Gemma , Moreno-Ruiz Francisco J. , Rodriguez-Cañete Alberto , Tinahones Francisco , García-Fuentes Eduardo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractStearoyl CoA Desaturase-1 (SCD) is considered as playing an important role in the explanation of obesity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the DNA methylation SCD gene promoter is associated with the metabolic improvement in morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery. The study included 120 subjects with morbid obesity who underwent a laparoscopic Roux-en Y gastric by-pass (RYGB) and a control group of 30 obese subjects with a similar body mass index (BMI) to that found in morbidly obese subjects six months after RYGB. Fasting blood samples were obtained before and at six months after RYGB. DNA methylation was measured by pyrosequencing technology. DNA methylation levels of the SCD gene promoter were lower in morbidly obese subjects before bariatric surgery but increased after RYGB to levels similar to those found in the control group. Changes of DNA methylation SCD gene were associated with the changes of free fatty acids levels (r = −0.442, p = 0.006) and HOMA-IR (r = −0.249, p = 0.035) after surgery. RYGB produces an increase in the low SCD methylation promoter levels found in morbidly obese subjects. This change of SCD methylation levels is associated with changes in FFA and HOMA-IR.
Genetic dissection of seed oil and protein content and identification of networks associated with oil content in Brassica napus
Authors: Chao Hongbo , Wang Hao , Wang Xiaodong , Guo Liangxing , Gu Jianwei , Zhao Weiguo , Li Baojun , Chen Dengyan , Raboanatahiry Nadia , Li Maoteng 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHigh-density linkage maps can improve the precision of QTL localization. A high-density SNP-based linkage map containing 3207 markers covering 3072.7 cM of the Brassica napus genome was constructed in the KenC-8 × N53-2 (KNDH) population. A total of 67 and 38 QTLs for seed oil and protein content were identified with an average confidence interval of 5.26 and 4.38 cM, which could explain up to 22.24% and 27.48% of the phenotypic variation, respectively. Thirty-eight associated genomic regions from BSA overlapped with and/or narrowed the SOC-QTLs, further confirming the QTL mapping results based on the high-density linkage map. Potential candidates related to acyl-lipid and seed storage underlying SOC and SPC, respectively, were identified and analyzed, among which six were checked and showed expression differences between the two parents during different embryonic developmental periods. A large primary carbohydrate pathway based on potential candidates underlying SOC- and SPC-QTLs, and interaction networks based on potential candidates underlying SOC-QTLs, was constructed to dissect the complex mechanism based on metabolic and gene regulatory features, respectively. Accurate QTL mapping and potential candidates identified based on high-density linkage map and BSA analyses provide new insights into the complex genetic mechanism of oil and protein accumulation in the seeds of rapeseed.
Sevoflurane decreases self-renewal capacity and causes c-Jun N-terminal kinase–mediated damage of rat fetal neural stem cells
Authors: Yang Zeyong , Lv Jingjing , Li Xingxing , Meng Qiong , Yang Qiling , Ma Wei , Li Yuanhai , Ke Zun Ji 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIncreasing studies have demonstrated that sevoflurane can induce neurotoxicity in the developing brains. JNK normally promotes apoptosis. It was hypothesized that sevoflurane affected the proliferation and differentiation of FNSCs and induced cell apoptosis, which caused the learning and memory deficits via JNK pathway. Sevoflurane at a concentration of 1.2% did not induce damage on the FNSCS. However, concentrations of 2.4% and 4.8% decreased the cell viability, as shown by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and increased apoptosis, as shown by flow cytometry. The 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) incorporation assay demonstrated that 4.8% sevoflurane reduced the proliferation of FNSCs. Compared with the control group, the 4.8% sevoflurane group showed a decrease in the proportion of undifferentiated FNSCs at 6-h exposure; 4.8% sevoflurane could increase the p-JNK/JNK ratio. JNK inhibition by the specific inhibitor SP600125 enhanced partially the cell viability. Cumulatively, 4.8% sevoflurane induced significant damage on FNSCs; it decreased cell proliferation and proportion of undifferentiated cells as well. JNK pathway might play a key role in the decrease in survival of FNSCs induced by an inhaled anesthetic. The present findings might raise the possibility that JNK inhibition has therapeutic potential in protecting FNSCs from the adverse effects of the inhaled anesthetic.
An Interactive View of Reading Comprehension: Implications for Assessment
Authors: Wixson Karen K. 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This clinical focus article explores further the multidimensional view of reading comprehension put forward by Catts and Kamhi (2017) in this clinical forum and its implications for reading assessment.

Method
It is argued that a multidimensional or interactive view of reading predicts variability in student performance on reading assessments as a function of the interaction among reader, text, and task factors.

Result
Student performance on any given reading assessment should be interpreted in relation to the specific reading demands of the assessment, rather than as a fixed ability that generalizes to any given reading situation.

Conclusion
This view implies a different approach to the use of both summative and classroom assessment than is currently common practice.
Substituent Effects on Carbon Acidity in Aqueous Solution and at Enzyme Active Sites
Authors: Richard John , Amyes Tina 
Published: April 2017

Methods are described for the determination of pK
as for weak carbon acids in water. The application of these methods to the determination of the pK
as for a variety of carbon acids including nitriles, imidazolium cations, amino acids, peptides and their derivatives and, α-iminium cations is presented. The substituent effects on the acidity of these different classes of carbon acids are discussed, and the relevance of these results to catalysis of the deprotonation of amino acids by enzymes and by pyridoxal 5′-phosphate is reviewed. The procedure for estimating the pK
a of uridine 5′-phosphate for C-6 deprotonation at the active site of orotidine 5′-phosphate decarboxylase is described, and the effect of a 5-F substituent on carbon acidity of the enzyme-bound substrate is discussed.1	Introduction2	The Carbon Acidity of Ethyl Thioacetate3	The Carbon Acidity of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives4	The Carbon Acidity of Imidazolium Cations5	The α-Carbon Acidity of Amino Acids, Peptides and Their Derivatives6	Electrophilic Catalysis of Deprotonation of Amino Acids: The α-Carbon Acidity of Iminium Cations7	pK
as for Carbon Acids at Enzyme Active Sites8	Concluding Remarks
Novel Catalytic Three-Component Reaction between a Terminal Alkyne, Sulfonyl Azide, and O-Methyl Oxime
Authors: Khalaj Mehdi , Ghazanfarpour-Darjani Majid , Barat-Seftejani Forugh , Nouri Azita 
Published: April 2017

O-Methyl oximes have been employed as nucleophiles in reactions with ketenimines derived from sulfonyl azides and terminal alkynes to form N-alkylidene N′-tosylacetimidamide derivatives. The optimized conditions involved the use of CuPF6 and i-Pr2NEt in MeCN at 65 °C. Both O-methyl aldoximes and ketoximes were tolerated under the optimum conditions.
Intra-articular Tranexamic Acid in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Meta-analysis
Authors: Moskal Joseph , Capps Susan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTotal knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with an increased need for blood transfusions and thus an increase in risks associated with blood transfusion such as transfusion reactions, infections, fluid overload, and altered mental status. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic medication that can reduce perioperative blood loss in TKA. However, the best method of delivery has not been defined although topical intra-articular TXA (IA-TXA) may have a theoretical advantage as it is applied directly when and where it is needed to control bleeding. Blinded and nonblinded randomized controlled trials and case-controlled trials published since 2010 were found using database searches. Data were extracted and analyzed with the goal of discovering through meta-analysis if IA-TXA reduces blood loss, blood transfusions, and without increasing adverse events, especially thromboembolic events, compared with placebo. Blood loss from suction drains and calculated total blood loss were significantly lower in the IA-TXA group. The frequency of blood transfusion and the number of units of blood transfused were significantly lower in the IA-TXA group. The risk of adverse events was not increased for IA-TXA versus placebo. Topical IA-TXA in primary, unilateral TKA successfully reduces blood loss and the frequency of blood transfusions. In addition, it does not appear to increase the risk of thromboembolic adverse events. There is need for further research to determine the optimal dosage and the preferred delivery system of IA-TXA in TKA.
The Alteration and Significance of Erythropoietin Serum Levels in Preterm Infants with Retinopathy of Prematurity
Authors: Yang Xiaofeng , Ze Bi , Dai Yi , Zhu Li , Chen Chao 
Published: April 2017

Objective This study aims to investigate the changes of serum erythropoietin (EPO) in premature infants with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) after birth.
Method The premature infants were divided into two groups, the first were infants with ROP, and the rest were infants without ROP. The peripheral blood of these infants after birth was collected, aiming to identify the correlation of serum EPO with ROP in the first 8 weeks after birth and before 38 weeks' postconceptual age.
Results A total of 299 infants without ROP and 107 infants with ROP were recruited into our study. It was suggested that serum the EPO level in ROP group was significantly lower than it is in the group without ROP on the 28th day after birth. The median value of serum EPO in the group with and without ROP at day 28 of life were 0.44 mIU/mL and 0.62 mIU/mL, respectively (p = 0.017). These data indicated that there was no significant association between serum EPO and the clinical factors. Multivariate analysis identified only EPO serum level on the 28th day after birth and gestational age as independent predictors of ROP (p was 0.025 and 0.021, respectively).
Conclusion EPO serum level may serve as a surrogate marker for the development of ROP.