bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The elemental composition of Stradivari's musical instruments: new results through non‐invasive EDXRF analysis
Authors: Rovetta T. , Invernizzi C. , Licchelli M. , Cacciatori F. , Malagodi M. 
Published: December 2017

During recent decades, many researchers have tried to understand the main influences on the extraordinary sound and beauty of the masterpieces made by the ancient violin makers. This is still a challenge for many others today. Mainly because of a lack of written historical documents, the rediscovery of some of the ancient violin‐making processes was made possible thanks to scientific analyses performed on their materials by means of diagnostic techniques. However, understanding which substances were adopted is a very hard task, because the analyses are influenced by many factors: for example, alterations, wear, retouches, and the heterogeneity of materials. This paper presents some new EDXRF results collected on eight‐stringed musical instruments made by Antonio Stradivari between 1669 and 1734 (“Clisbee” 1669, “Hellier” 1679, “Ford‐Rougemont” 1703, “Joachim‐Ma” 1714, “Russian Federation” viola 1715, “Cremonese” 1715, “Vesuvius” 1727, and “Scotland” 1734) and now preserved at the Museo del Violino in Cremona. A brief comparison with a modern violin made by Simone Ferdinando Sacconi (“Hellier copy” 1941), one of the most eminent violin makers of the 20th century and one of the greatest experts on Stradivari's work, is also provided. This represents the first comparative analysis of a wide number of ancient musical instruments made by the same violin maker over an extended period. A non‐destructive and non‐invasive approach was followed to (a) understand the elemental composition differences between the best conserved and most worn‐out surfaces; (b) check if there are elemental similarities among the finishing materials of violins made in different years by the same violin maker; (c) give new suggestions about the materials used. To distinguish the best conserved areas from the worn‐out ones, a preliminary investigation by UV‐induced fluorescence photography was performed. In addition, stereomicroscopic observations and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses were performed on selected areas to validate the hypotheses. The results, in some cases comparable with previous research on Stradivari instruments, have increased the pool of information about materials and treatments adopted in the Stradivari workshop.
Long-term Hydrochemical Earthquake Precursor Studies at the Koyna-Warna Reservoir Site in Western India
Authors: Reddy D. V. , Kumar Devender , Rao N. Purnachandra 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Koyna-Warna region of western India is an active seismic zone due to the Reservoir Triggered Seismicity (RTS). Earthquake precursor studies are carried out monitoring hydrochemical and stable isotope signatures in the groundwater from 15 bore wells since January 2005, for more than 12 years (January 2005 to February 2017). Depth of these boreholes ranges from 100 to 250 m. Cyclic or temporal variation in hydrochemistry is observed in few sensitive wells in Koyna region. The Govare well in Koyna is found to be most sensitive and the observed hydrochemical cycle is closely associated with local earthquakes of M &gt; 5. The earth-quakes M &lt;5 occurring either in Warna cluster or close to the observation wells, did not generate hydrochemical precursory changes. The increase in hydrochemistry is hypothesized as mixing of two aquifer waters with different hydrochemistry. It is noted that a precursory hydrochemical cycle is observed during first quarter of 2015, but no earthquake M &gt; 5.0 occurred till date. The cyclic changes in hydrochemistry, however, indicate on-going earthquake processes and an impending earthquake of M &gt; 5 in the region.
Sustained Seismicity near Koyna-Warna Reservoir: A Mish-mash of Physical Processes
Authors: Gahalaut Kalpna , Gahalaut Vineet K. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Earthquakes in Koyna-Warna region are triggered by the reservoirs but the reasons for sustained seismicity, in terms of magnitude and time, remain enigmatic. We critically review the proposed models/processes, which include fault interaction, flexure of Western Ghat escarpment, velocity heterogeneity, and earthquakes being considered as aftershocks. We suggest that each of these processes or models have limitations and are not capable of explaining all the features of seismicity individually. It is possible that all put together and some other unknown additional processes are at work and there is a mish-mash of several processes attending the region, causing continuing seismicity for past five decades.
Rock Strength and Elastic Properties of Basement Granitoids from Koyna Region, Deccan Volcanic Province, India
Authors: Goswami Deepjyoti , Akkiraju Vyasulu V. , Singh Santosh K. , Shalivahan  , Roy Sukanta 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Unconfined compressive strength measurements on 20 borehole core samples constrain the elastic properties of basement granitoids underlying the Deccan basalts in the Koyna region for the first time. Test specimens were taken from the basement section below 1251 m depth in borehole KBH-7, which is located in proximity to the Donichawadi surface rupture associated with the 1967 M6.3 Koyna earthquake. Specimens of granite, granite-gneiss and migmatitic gneiss were tested in the laboratory under dry state and room temperature. Salient results of the study are as follows: (i) The granitoids are characterised by variable compressive strength in the range 22-98 MPa, (ii) Stress-strain response of the basement rock indicate varying degrees of deformation even for the same rock type. (iii) Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio of the granitoids, computed from the linear elastic portion of the stress-strain curves, vary in the range 8-23 GPa and 0.1-0.3 respectively, (iv) The low and variable rock strength of the Koyna granitoids when compared to granitic rocks from aseismic areas indicates their generally weak nature, probably induced by the recurrent seismicity in the Koyna seismogenic zone.
High Resolution Core Scan Facility at BGRL-MoES, Karad, India
Authors: Tiwari Sanjay , Mishra Satrughna , Srihariprasad G. , Vyas Digant , Warhade Ashish , Nikalje Dinesh , Bartakke Vikrant , Mahesh B. , Tembhurnikar Pallavi , Roy Sukanta 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
A high-resolution, optical core scan laboratory has been set up at Borehole Geophysics Research Laboratory (BGRL), Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Karad. The facility provides a DMT® CoreScan3 optical core scanner and digital drill core data management system for core logging and analysis since July 2016. High resolution images are being produced in 360° mode for detailed unwrapped full circumference of drill core or plane mode for top surface image of slabbed drill core. Planar images of fractured cores and cuttings are also obtained. Image resolution ranges from 5 pix/mm (∼16 megapixel equivalent) to 40 pix/mm (∼1024 megapixel equivalent) for mapping of ultra high resolution data. The scanned core images are combined to create a digital core library. The facility helps in core sample analysis, structural analysis, textural and grain-size analysis, geotechnical studies, and integration with geophysical log data.
Bullying and negative appearance feedback among adolescents: Is it objective or misperceived weight that matters?
Authors: Lee Kirsty , Dale Jeremy , Guy Alexa , Wolke Dieter 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis study investigated (1) whether involvement in bullying as a bully, victim or bully‐victim was associated with objectively measured overweight or underweight, or whether it was related to weight misperception (i.e., inaccurate perceptions), and (2) whether appearance‐specific feedback mediated the relationship between bullying and weight misperception. In Stage 1, 2782 adolescents aged 11–16 years from British secondary schools were screened for peer bullying and victimisation. In Stage 2, 411 adolescents with weight and height data (objective n = 319, self‐report n = 92) also self‐reported on their weight perception and appearance‐specific feedback. Neither bullying nor victimisation were related to objective underweight or overweight. Victims were at increased odds of overweight misperception, while bully‐victims were at increased odds of underweight misperception. Additionally, there was an indirect effect of appearance feedback on overweight misperception in bully‐victims. Both victims and bully‐victims are at increased risk of weight misperception, posing further detrimental effects to their health and wellbeing.
Overview of colorectal resections in a reference center in Curitiba – Brazil: Experience with open and laparoscopic approach
Authors: Domingos Micheli Fortunato , Pinho Renato Valmassoni , Coelho Júlio Cezar Uili , Ferronatto Guilherme Figueiró , Savio Mariane Christina , Blum Caroline , Weiss Andre Gubert , Aguilera Yan Sacha Hass 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Introduction Minimally invasive approach has become the preferential option for the treatment of surgical diseases of the Gastrointestinal Tract, due to its numerous advantages. However, in the Colorectal Surgery field, the acceptance of videolaparoscopy was slower. For example, an American study showed that the percentage of laparoscopic cholecystectomy increased from 2.5% in 1988 to 73.7% in 1992, the rate of laparoscopic sigmoidectomy increased from 4.3% in 2000 to only 7.6% in 2004.
Objecties Our goal was to compare several variables between patients submitted to colorectal resections performed through open surgery or videolaparoscopy.
Methods This is a retrospective observational study performed in a Teaching Private Hospital of the City of Curitiba, Brazil, with the revision of 395 medical charts of patients subjected to colorectal resections from January 2011 through June 2016.
Results 349 patients were included in the study. 243 (69.6%) were subjected to laparoscopic colon resection (LCR) and 106 (30.4%) to open colon resection (OCR). Mean age was 62.2 years for patients undergoing LCR and 68.8 year for OCR (p = 0.0082). Among emergency procedures, 92.5% consisted of OCR and 7.5% were LCRs. Surgery duration was similar in both types of access (196 min in OCR versus 195 min in LCR; p = 0.9864). Diet introduction was earlier in laparoscopic surgery and anastomotic fistula rate was similar in both groups (OCR 7.5% and LCR 6.58%; p = 0.7438). Hospital stay was shorter in patients undergoing laparoscopic resections (7.53 ± 7.3 days) than in the ones undergoing open surgery (17.2 ± 19.3) (p < 0.001). In the OCR group, 70 patients needed ICU admission (66%), and stayed a mean of 12.3 days under intensive care. In the LCR group, however, only 30 needed ICU (12.3%), and the ones who needed it stayed a mean of 5.6 days (p < 0.001).
Conclusions Videolaparoscopic approach is a safe and effective option in the treatment of colorectal diseases. Surgery duration and anastomotic fistula rates are similar to the open resections. Hospital stay and ICU stay durations, however, were shorter in patients submitted to laparoscopic colectomies.
The Value of Electronically Extracted Data for Auditing Outpatient Antimicrobial Prescribing
Authors: Livorsi Daniel J. , Linn Carrie M. , Alexander Bruce , Heintz Brett H. , Tubbs Traviss A. , Perencevich Eli N. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEThe optimal approach to auditing outpatient antimicrobial prescribing has not been established. We assessed how different types of electronic data—including prescriptions, patient-visits, and International Classification of Disease, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes—could inform automated antimicrobial audits.DESIGNOutpatient visits during 2016 were retrospectively reviewed, including chart abstraction, if an antimicrobial was prescribed (cohort 1) or if the visit was associated with an infection-related ICD-10 code (cohort 2). Findings from cohorts 1 and 2 were compared.SETTINGPrimary care clinics and the emergency department (ED) at the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center.RESULTSIn cohort 1, we reviewed 2,353 antimicrobial prescriptions across 52 providers. ICD-10 codes had limited sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) for validated cases of cystitis and pneumonia (sensitivity, 65.8%, 56.3%, respectively; PPV, 74.4%, 52.5%, respectively). The volume-adjusted antimicrobial prescribing rate was 13.6 per 100 ED visits and 7.5 per 100 primary care visits. In cohort 2, antimicrobials were not indicated in 474 of 851 visits (55.7%). The antimicrobial overtreatment rate was 48.8% for the ED and 59.7% for primary care. At the level of the individual prescriber, there was a positive correlation between a provider’s volume-adjusted antimicrobial prescribing rate and the individualized rates of overtreatment in both the ED (r=0.72; P<.01) and the primary care setting (r=0.82; P=0.03).CONCLUSIONSIn this single-center study, ICD-10 codes had limited sensitivity and PPV for 2 infections that typically require antimicrobials. Electronically extracted data on a provider’s rate of volume-adjusted antimicrobial prescribing correlated with the frequency at which unnecessary antimicrobials were prescribed, but this may have been driven by outlier prescribers.Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2018;39:64–70
Malnutrition and cachexia among cancer out-patients in Nairobi, Kenya
Authors: Kaduka L. U. , Bukania Z. N. , Opanga Y. , Mutisya R. , Korir A. , Thuita V. , Nyongesa C. , Mwangi M. , Mbakaya C. F. L. , Muniu E. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCancer is the third leading cause of death in Kenya. However, there is scarce information on the nutritional status of cancer patients to guide in decision making. The present study sought to assess the risk of malnutrition, and factors associated with malnutrition and cachexia, among cancer out-patients, with the aim of informing nutrition programmes for cancer management in Kenya and beyond. This was a facility-based cross-sectional study performed at Kenyatta National Hospital and Texas Cancer Centre in Nairobi, Kenya. The risk of malnutrition was assessed using the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST). Diagnoses of malnutrition and cachexia were done using the European Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and Fearon criteria, respectively. A total of 512 participants were assessed. Those at risk of malnutrition were 33·1 % (12·5 % at medium risk, 20·6 % at high risk). Prevalence of malnutrition was 13·4 %. The overall weight loss >5 % over 3 months was 18·2 % and low fat-free mass index was 43·1 %. Prevalence of cachexia was 14·1 % compared with 8·5 % obtained using the local criteria. Only 18·6 % participants had received any form of nutrition services. Age was a predictor of malnutrition and cachexia in addition to site of cancer for malnutrition and cigarette smoking for cachexia. The use of the MUST as a screening tool at the first point of care should be explored. The predictive value of current nutrition assessment tools, and the local diagnostic criteria for malnutrition and cachexia should be reassessed to inform the development of appropriate clinical guidelines and future capacity-building initiatives that will ensure the correct identification of patients at risk for timely care.
Patterns in glacial-earthquake activity around Greenland, 2011–13
Authors: OLSEN KIRA G. , NETTLES MEREDITH 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTGlacial earthquakes are caused by large iceberg calving events, which are an important mechanism for mass loss from the Greenland ice sheet. The number of glacial earthquakes in Greenland has increased sixfold over the past two decades. We use teleseismic surface waves to analyze the 145 glacial earthquakes that occurred in Greenland from 2011 through 2013, and successfully determine source parameters for 139 events at 13 marine-terminating glaciers. Our analysis increases the number of events in the glacial-earthquake catalog by nearly 50% and extends it to 21 years. The period 2011–13 was the most prolific 3-year period of glacial earthquakes on record, with most of the increase over earlier years occurring at glaciers on Greenland's west coast. We investigate changes in earthquake productivity and geometry at several individual glaciers and link patterns in glacial-earthquake production and cessation to the absence or presence of a floating ice tongue. We attribute changes in earthquake force orientations to changes in calving-front geometry, some of which occur on timescales of days to months. Our results illustrate the utility of glacial earthquakes as a remote-sensing tool to identify the type of calving event, the grounded state of a glacier, and the orientation of an active calving front.
Using structure from motion photogrammetry to measure past glacier changes from historic aerial photographs
Authors: VARGO LAUREN J. , ANDERSON BRIAN M. , HORGAN HUW J. , MACKINTOSH ANDREW N. , LORREY ANDREW M. , THORNTON MERIJN 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTQuantifying historic changes in glacier size and mass balance is important for understanding how the cryosphere responds to climate variability and change. Airborne photogrammetry enables glacier extent and equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) to be monitored for more glaciers at lower cost than traditional mass-balance programs and other remote-sensing techniques. Since 1977, end-of-summer-snowlines, which are a proxy for annual ELAs, have been recorded for 50 glaciers in the Southern Alps of New Zealand using oblique aerial photographs. In this study, we use structure from motion photogrammetry to estimate the camera parameters, including position, for historic photographs, which we then use to measure glacier change. We apply this method to a small maritime New Zealand glacier (Brewster Glacier, 1670–2400 m a.s.l.) to derive annual ELA and length records between 1981 and 2017, and quantify the uncertainties associated with the method. Our length reconstruction shows largely continuous terminus retreat of 365 ± 12 m for Brewster Glacier since 1981. The ELA record, which compares well with glaciological mass-balance data measured between 2005 and 2015, shows pronounced interannual variability. Mean ELAs range from 1707 ± 6 to 2303 ± 5 m a.s.l., with the highest ELAs occurring in the last decade.
Superficial Harmony and Conflict Avoidance Resulting from Negative Anticipation in the Workplace
Authors: Zhang Zhi-Xue , Wei Xin 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTThis research examines how people perceive and respond to potential conflict in work settings. When individuals highly value their interpersonal relationships with others, they may take the potential costs to relationships into consideration in deciding how to handle conflict. We propose that individuals take an avoidance approach to conflict to prevent disruption in relationships from confrontation. Specifically, the value that individuals place on superficial harmony is positively related to their negative anticipation of relationship costs, which in turn leads to conflict avoidance. Furthermore, the direct relationship between superficial harmony and negative anticipation and the indirect relationship between superficial harmony and conflict avoidance are negatively moderated by the closeness of relations between the parties involved. The results of two studies conducted in workplace settings supported our hypothesized moderated mediation model. Highlighting the role of superficial harmony in conflict avoidance, this research contributes to the existing literature on conflict management and has practical implications for effectively managing conflict in the workplace.
Unlocking Expatriates’ Job Creativity: The Role of Cultural Learning, and Metacognitive and Motivational Cultural Intelligence
Authors: Xu Xiao-Jun , Chen Xiao-Ping 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACTIn this article, we extend Amabile's componential theory of creativity to account for cross-cultural creativity by conceptualizing cultural learning as a crucial component in the creativity relevant process. We hypothesize a significant positive relationship between cultural learning and expatriates’ cross-cultural job creativity, and that this relationship will be enhanced by domain learning and the cultural distance between the host and home countries. Moreover, we propose that expatriates with higher metacognitive and motivational cultural intelligence will engage in greater cultural learning, which in turn will be related to job creativity. Data from 219 expatriate-supervisor dyads of 36 Chinese multinational companies reveal that metacognitive CQ and motivational CQ are indeed positive antecedents to cultural learning, which in turn positively relates to cross-cultural job creativity, especially for high domain learning expatriates who work in a foreign culture not vastly different from home. Our findings make significant contributions to the existing literature on creativity and provide nuanced understanding of the relationship between cultural intelligence, cultural learning and cross-cultural job creativity. Our findings also have important implications for expatriate management.
Differential Contributions of Selective Attention and Sensory Integration to Driving Performance in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Venkatesan Umesh M. , Festa Elena K. , Ott Brian R. , Heindel William C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractObjectives:Patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) demonstrate deficits in cross-cortical feature binding distinct from age-related changes in selective attention. This may have consequences for driving performance given its demands on multisensory integration. We examined the relationship of visuospatial search and binding to driving in patients with early AD and elderly controls (EC).Methods:Participants (42 AD; 37 EC) completed search tasks requiring either luminance-motion (L-M) or color-motion (C-M) binding, analogs of within and across visual processing stream binding, respectively. Standardized road test (RIRT) and naturalistic driving data (CDAS) were collected alongside clinical screening measures.Results:Patients performed worse than controls on most cognitive and driving indices. Visual search and clinical measures were differentially related to driving behavior across groups. L-M search and Trail Making Test (TMT-B) were associated with RIRT performance in controls, while C-M binding, TMT-B errors, and Clock Drawing correlated with CDAS performance in patients. After controlling for demographic and clinical predictors, L-M reaction time significantly predicted RIRT performance in controls. In patients, C-M binding made significant contributions to CDAS above and beyond demographic and clinical predictors. RIRT and C-M binding measures accounted for 51% of variance in CDAS performance in patients.Conclusions:Whereas selective attention is associated with driving behavior in EC, cross-cortical binding appears most sensitive to driving in AD. This latter relationship may emerge only in naturalistic settings, which better reflect patients’ driving behavior. Visual integration may offer distinct insights into driving behavior, and thus has important implications for assessing driving competency in early AD. (JINS, 2018,24, 486–497)