bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Role Efficacy: An OD Intervention
Authors: Pestonjee D M 
Published: September 2016

The role of mechanical/traffic inspectors and safety counsellors is of considerable importance in the prevention of rail accidents and in the development of selfprotective behaviour among the staff. Development of negative perceptions on their part is likely to lead the employees to poor work performance. This article by DM Pestonjee and Aniruddh Pandey emphasizes the need for conducting role efficacy interventions to strengthen and reinforce positive behaviours and weaken negative behaviours.
Inter-sectoral Differences in Capacity Utilization
Authors: Mohanakumar P.S. 
Published: September 2016

Efficient running of an enterprise in the present day liberalized scenario assumes considerable significance and better utilization of existing capacities is an important indicator of the health of an enterprise. In this paper, P S Mohanakumar evaluates the inter-sectoral differences in capacity utilization based on data relating to 21 spinning mills in Kerala. He also identifies the main reasons for underutilization of capacity which are absenteeism, power problems, unscheduled breakdowns, and obsolete machinery.
Consultancy Services for Small Scale Sick Units
Authors: Chhikara M S 
Published: September 2016

Development of small scale industrial sector and providing multiple socio-economic benefits is one of the priorities of Indian planning. Though a number of measures were introduced to sustain healthy growth of this sector⁄ a significant k -portion of small scale units have started Ming sick. Consultants from various technical consultancy organizations⁄ small industry service institutes⁄ and private firms do play a major role in preventing and curing sickness. Based on a field study of 20 problematic units⁄this paper by Chhikara evalu ates certain important aspects of the consulting profession such as hiring consultants and utilizing their services; in volvement and commitment of promoters; the role of financial institutions and banks; overall impact of consultancy services; major gaps and limitations⁄ and additional requirements needed for making consultancy services more result-oriented.
Splendor Decorative Laminates India Ltd.
Authors: Koshy Abraham 
Published: September 2016

Evaluating market research proposals and selecting an appropriate market research agency is the major task before Mr Vivek Chandra⁄ Marketing Manager of Splendor Decorative Laminates India Ltd. What criteria should he use to evaluate the proposals and decide on the agency as he found several valid points in all the three proposals? Readers are invited to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa Office.
Agricultural Development under the New Economic Environment: A Case of Zambia
Authors: Desai Bhupat M , Namboodiri N V 
Published: September 2016

The case featured in this issue discusses Zambia's agricultural development particularly in the context of the new economic environment. Zambia is unique compared to most developing countries in that its share of agriculture in national income is less than 20 per cent while its share of work-force is over 80 per cent. Even the percentage of people living in absolute poverty is high. Also⁄ labour in general is underutilized and 75 per cent of agricultural labour compose of women. Thus⁄ according to Bhupat Desai and Namboodiri⁄ there is a compelling case for developing agriculture. Readers are invited to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa office.
Bharat Seaports Authority
Authors: Ramani K V 
Published: September 2016

The main objective of port management is to reduce the ship turnaround time by optimally utilizing the port resources. Reduced turnaround time encourages trade and improves the competitiveness of the port to provide efficient and effective services at low cost. The management of Bharat Seaports Authority is wondering how to achieve this objective. Readers are invited to send their responses on the case to Vikalpa office.
Precious Shipping Public Company Limited
Authors: Raghuram G 
Published: September 2016

The July-September 2001 (Vol 26, No 3) issue of Vikalpa had published a Management Case titled “ Precious Shipping Public Company Limited” by G Raghuram. In this issue, we feature three responses on the case from Ajay Pandey; Justin Paul; and Amit Paranjape, Indraneel Pandit, and Umesh Bali. Precious Shipping Public Company Limited (PSL) went through a process of financial restructuring in response to the economic crisis that hit Thailand in 1997. PSL faced trouble since payments were due in dollars and they had investments in Thai baht, which had devalued during the crisis. Being a professionally managed company with a high level of transparency in their transactions, they came out of the situation by managing to restructure their secured and unsecured debts. A large part of the unsecured debt proved a little more complex since it was tied to a swap. The case describes the financial restructuring process and the business scenario during the crisis, and provides an opportunity for learning about financial risk management.
Indian Management Research
Authors: Sarkar Mitali 
Published: September 2016

This section features abstracts of articles covering empirical studies, experiences, ideas, and theories published in Indian and international journals. Sponsored by the Indian Council of Social Science Research, New Delhi, this service is intended to facilitate Indian management research. Authors desirous of having their publications considered for� inclusion in this feature may please send reprints of their articles to Vikalpa Editorial Office.
Double Loop Process: The Next Innovation Paradigm
Authors: Thomas Philip S 
Published: September 2016

A turning point in the innovation process may have been reached with the appearance of arecent proposal to emphasize customer toolkits in a bid to alleviate the dilemma between customer dissatisfaction and supplier overextension in the innovation process. This proposal is based on two decades of experience with software toolkits (including simulation) by the semiconductor industry. In the present article, the focus is on the main implication of a double loop innovation process involving the concurrent design of a base (or general purpose) product as well as the toolkit used by customers to optimize customization. A historical perspective reveals that the precedent for the double loop process can be found in two areas of concurrent engineering (CE) (viz. of product and process technologies) and in the concurrent evolution of markets for innovations. All three are clubbed together as “CE” and all three emphasize rapid knowledge transfers (including on a global basis) and rapid problem-solving (including via simulation). Thus, CE, along the three foregoing dimensions, provides a quasi-analytical framework for shaping the emerging double loop innovation process. However, it becomes necessary to evaluate a potential drawback which might negate the prospects of the double loop process at this stage. This lies in the observation that: with the transfer of design work from firms to their customers, there would be a decline of design in the supplier firms, and with a tendency for “followers” to simply replicate toolkits developed by “leaders,” the double loop process would get pre-empted. To bypass this, the additional category of “strivers” is proposed, especially given the obvious shortcoming of relying on a “one best way” philosophy. Having placed the double loop process (referred to interchangeably as CE II) in the historical context and in order to overcome a potential drawback to its viability, an attempt is made to apply it to a strategic societal issue. In the past, CE has helped expand markets for a variety of developed-country products such as cars and computers mostly in developed country markets. Thus, it is believed that CE II will help boost business in the so-called “base-of-pyramid” (BOP) markets around the world. The software and services industry of India may be well placed to apply the customer toolkit concept. This is because: It basically involves the extension of existing practices in the computer industry. There is a huge global need for lower cost, lower complexity software applications that need to be customized. Software toolkits should thus help leverage scarce personnel resources in the software industry as well as accelerate customization in other industries worldwide.
How Does Internet Stock Trading in India Work?
Authors: Goswami Chandana 
Published: September 2016

Internet trading started in India on 1st April 2000 with 79 members seeking permission to do so. Geojit Securities was the first to go online. On 1st February 2000, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) opened up the internet-based trading system for its members, the first stock exchange in India to do so. However, after two years of trading, only a dozen brokers continue offering online service. The SEBI Committee on Internet-based Securities Trading and Services has allowed the net to be used as an Order Routing System (ORS) through registered stockbrokers on behalf of their clients for execution of transactions. This paper aims at understanding the needs of the customers, comparing it with the offerings of the websites, identifying the gaps, and offering possible solutions for filling up the gaps. It is revealed that: Online traders took buying decisions on their own. A few backed it up by analysts' recommendations. Those who took decisions independently claimed to go through the websites, did fundamental and technical analysis, watched the trends, and then finally made a decision. No one solely followed brokers' recommendations blindly. Well-educated people in their 30s and 40s, who were highly informed and also knew how to tap sources of information, took decisions on their own and did not depend upon the broker. They were self-directed traders. The major perceived benefit of online system was its convenience. The broker's reliability followed by the execution speed was the key to logging on to a website. An analysis of the Indian sites indicated that they were mainly promotional and provisional in nature. Provisional information about stock quotes, database searches, research reports, etc. were provided in the site empowering the user to take independent decisions. Promotional activities in the form of facilities locator, educational forums, web designs, demos, etc. had lured many to visit their sites but whether this had converted into online clients could not be confirmed from the results of this study. Indian websites offered a basic plain package with lot of scope remaining for value addition. Excluding the technical and legal aspects over which the e-finance service providers did not have much control, certain value additions could be done on the existing websites. Moreover, the Indian investors having access to the foreign websites were quite well versed with what was being offered by the American counterparts and hence they were highly demanding customers. The following services could make Indian sites more attractive to customers: Interactive counselling Customer care centre Investment tips Warning systems Extended hours trade Account management Inter-organizational alliances.
Entrepreneurship and Venture Capital
Authors: Pandey I M , Nair Rajesh , Awasthi Dinesh , Mehta Kaushal , Varshney Vishnu , Rewari Rakesh , Ramachandran K 
Published: September 2016

Entrepreneurship is the driver of growth. It helps creating innovative enterprises which provide foundation for building a nation's competitiveness. Enterprise creation needs risk capital. Venture capitalists provide risk capital and facilitate the development of entrepreneurship. There are several issues relating to entrepreneurship development and venture capital that deserve serious discussion. To put these issues into perspective, the Centre for Innovation, Incubation, and Entrepreneurship and Entre Club at IIMA organized a panel discussion which was coordinated by I M Pandey, Professor at Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad. Some of the key questions that the panel has addressed to are: What is the contribution of entrepreneurship in the economic development of India? What factors have facilitated or hindered the development of entrepreneurship in India? What role has venture capital played in fostering the growth of entrepreneurship in India? What do entrepreneurs look for from venture capitalists other than the capital in the growth of their enterprises? What are the experiences of venture capitalists and entrepreneurs vis-a-vis the interface between venture capital and entrepreneurship? The following are some important points that emerged from the panel discussion: There is a direct link between entrepreneurship and the economic growth. There is some evidence that entrepreneurship has made contribution to India's growth. Factors responsible for the slow growth of entrepreneurship and lack of innovative spirit included the faulty education system, absence of proper incentives and environment to innovate, lack of proactive and favourable government policies, non-availability of risk capital, and the Indian mindset favouring comfortable and secured career choices. Entrepreneurship is a prerequisite for building our nation's global competitiveness. There is no short-cut. The liberalization of the Indian economy and the increased access to the global capital have paved way for entrepreneurship development and for facing international competition. The role of venture capital in fuelling the growth of entrepreneurship is inevitable. Venture capitalists need to play a proactive role. The Indian experience shows that venture capital is capable of creating a facilitating environment to build entrepreneurship culture and help entrepreneurship develop as a preferred career option. Venture capitalists should play the dual role of financiers and mentors. They should facilitate the networking of entrepreneurs with customers, distributors, financial institutions, consultants, etc. Efforts should be made by public and private sectors to create critical mass of venture capital funds, especially to finance start-ups and ventures of the first-time entrepreneurs. The education system in India should focus on developing entrepreneurship skills and risk-taking abilities of students.
Differential knee skin temperature following total knee arthroplasty and its relationship with serum indices and outcome: A prospective study
Authors: Zeng Yirong , Feng Wenjun , Qi Xinyu , Li Jie , Chen Jinlun , Lu Lu , Deng Peng , Zeng Jianchun , Li Feilong 
Published: September 2016

Objectives To monitor knee skin temperature changes for 12 months following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and identify potential reasons for any differences in skin temperature and to investigate if there is a relationship between the differential temperature and clinical outcome. Methods Patients who attended for a unilateral TKA due to primary osteoarthritis between August 2012 and August 2014 were eligible for this prospective study. The skin temperature of both knees was monitored preoperatively and postoperatively using an infrared thermometer. Serum indices and Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) knee scores were assessed. Results Thirty-nine patients were involved in the study. The skin temperature of both knees as well as the differential temperature increased following TKA. Serum haemoglobin, haematocrit and days from surgery showed inverse correlations with the differential temperature, while body mass index and American Society of Anesthesiologists scores showed positive correlations. There was a strong inverse correlation between the differential temperature and HSS. score. Conclusions Differential knee skin temperature elevation 12 months post-TKA may be a normal surgical response.
Determinants of health-related lifestyles among university students
Authors: Aceijas Carmen , Waldhäusl Sabrina , Lambert Nicky , Cassar Simon , Bello-Corassa Rafael 
Published: September 2016

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate students’ health-related lifestyles and to identify barriers and social determinants of healthier lifestyles. Methods: An online survey, two focus groups and three in-depth interviews across 2014/2015. A stratified by school size and random sample ( n = 468) of university students answered a 67-item questionnaire comprising six scales: Rapid Assessment of Physical Activity, Rapid Eating and Activity Assessment for Patients–Short Version, CAGE, Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence, Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale short version, and ad hoc scale for drug use/misuse. Stratified by gender, χ2 tests were run to test associations/estimate risks and three multivariate Logistic Regression models were adjusted. A thematic approach guided the analysis of qualitative data. Results: A total of 60% of the respondents were insufficiently physically active, 47% had an unbalanced diet and 30% had low mental wellbeing. Alcohol drinkers versus abstinent were almost equally distributed. A total of 42% of alcohol drinkers reported getting drunk at least once a month. Smokers accounted for 16% of the respondents. Identified risk factors for suboptimal physical activity were as follows: being a woman, not using the university gym and smoking. Risk factors for unbalanced diet were low mental wellbeing and drug use. Poor mental wellbeing was predicted by unbalanced diet, not feeling like shopping and cooking frequently, and a lack of help-seeking behaviour in cases of distress. Qualitative analysis revealed seven thematic categories: transition to new life, university environment and systems, finances, academic pressure, health promotion on campus and recommendations. Conclusion: This study provides robust evidence that the health-related lifestyles of the student population are worrying and suggests that the trend in chronic diseases associated with unhealthy lifestyles sustained over years might be unlikely to change in future generations. University students’ health-related lifestyle is a concern. Nine out of the identified 10 predictors of problematic physical activity, nutrition and mental wellbeing, were environmental/societal or institutional barriers. Universities must expand corporate responsibilities to include the promotion of health as part of their core values.
Evaluation of Pump Discontinuation and Associated Factors in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry
Authors: Wong Jenise C. , Boyle Claire , DiMeglio Linda A. , Mastrandrea Lucy D. , Abel Kimber-Lee , Cengiz Eda , Cemeroglu Pinar A. , Aleppo Grazia , Largay Joseph F. , Foster Nicole C. , Beck Roy W. , Adi Saleh ,   for the T1D Exchange Clinic Network
Published: September 2016

Background: The objectives of this study were to examine factors associated with insulin pump discontinuation among children and adults followed longitudinally for 1 year in the multicenter T1D Exchange clinic registry, and to provide participant-reported reasons for stopping pump therapy. Methods: We longitudinally followed 8935 participants of all ages using an insulin pump at the time of registry enrollment. Logistic regressions were used to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with pump discontinuation. Pump discontinuation was self-reported by participants on a first annual follow-up survey. Results: The overall frequency of pump discontinuation was 3%. Discontinuation was higher in adolescents (4%) and young adults (4%) than in younger children (3%) or older adults (1%). In multivariate analysis of children between 6 and <13 and 13 and <18 years, participants who discontinued pump use were more likely to have higher HbA1c levels at baseline (adjusted P < .001 for both). The top participant-reported reasons for discontinuing the pump included problems with wearability (57%), disliking the pump or feeling anxious (44%), and problems with glycemic control (30%). Conclusions: In T1D Exchange registry participants, insulin pump discontinuation is uncommon, but more prevalent among adolescents and young adults, and youth with poor glycemic control. Given the known benefits of pump therapy, these populations should be targeted for support and education on troubleshooting pump use. Common reasons for discontinuation should also be considered in future device design and technological improvement.
Comparison of Transverse and Coronal Plane Stability at the First Tarsal-Metatarsal Joint With Multiple Screw Orientations
Authors: Feilmeier Mindi , Dayton Paul , Kauwe Merrell , Cifaldi Andrea , Roberts Britney , Johnk Hannah , Reimer Rachel 
Published: September 2016

Intercuneiform instability has been recognized as a potential cause of hallux valgus recurrence following tarsal-metatarsal joint (TMTJ) fusion. Recommendations have been made for additional screw placement between the metatarsals and/or the cuneiforms to improve stability. The screw orientation that provides the best stability has not been documented. Twelve cadavers with the first TMTJ fixated were used for testing. Using a consistent force application of 15 pounds in both the transverse and coronal planes, we measured the change in intermetatarsal angle on radiographs. Force testing was repeated with screws deployed individually in the following orientations: first to second cuneiform (CC), first to second metatarsal (MM), and first metatarsal to middle cuneiform (MC). Our results indicate that stability of the first ray in the transverse and coronal planes is not improved with TMTJ fixation alone or with an additional CC screw. The MM screw consistently reduced first metatarsal instability in both planes. The MC screw had intermediate results. These findings strengthen the notion that first ray instability is complex and involves the tarsal and metatarsal articulations at multiple levels outside of the TMTJ alone. Levels of Evidence: Diagnostic and Therapeutic, Level IV: Cadaveric Study