bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The meta‐analytical paradigm in an in silico hybrid: Pathways and networks perturbed during exposure to varying degrees of hypobaric hypoxia
Authors: Paul Subhojit , Bhargava Kalpana , Ahmad Yasmin 
Published: February 2017

PurposeComputational biology has opened a gateway to omics data analysis and shifted the focus from molecules to systemic molecular networks in the domain of hypobaric hypoxia (HH). Yet there are no meta‐analytical investigations circumventing constraints such as organism (rat/human), HH exposure conditions (acute/chronic), and the tissues that can be investigated simultaneously in the realm of wet lab experiments.Experimental designWe analyzed 154 differentially expressed proteins upon HH exposure using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) tool, without the constraint of using a single organism or tissue type, to determine the most significant pathways and networks that are perturbed across a range of HH conditions.ResultsWe found acute phase response signaling, farsenoid X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation, liver X receptor/retinoid X receptor activation, clathrin‐mediated endocytosis signaling, mitochondrial dysfunction, production of nitric oxide and ROS in macrophages, and integrin signaling to be the most significant universally perturbed pathways. Unique protein–function relationships have also been highlighted.Conclusion and clinical relevanceThis meta‐analysis provides a list of specific pathways and networks across two model organisms that are perturbed due to HH exposure irrespective of its duration/intensity. Thus, it will be a map of important pathways and proteins to look at when exploring effects of HH exposure irrespective of tissue/organism chosen, particularly in the context of prophylactic/therapeutic targets.
Software‐defined satellite cloud RAN
Authors: Ahmed Toufik , Dubois Emmanuel , Dupé Jean‐Baptiste , Ferrús Ramon , Gélard Patrick , Kuhn Nicolas 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThis paper provides an assessment study on the virtualization of a Digital Video Broadcasting ‐ Satellite ‐ Second Generation (DVB‐S2)/ Digital Video Broadcasting ‐ Return Channel Satellite ‐ Second Generation (DVB‐RCS2) satellite ground infrastructure and proposes a framework, named Satellite Cloud Radio Access Network (SatCloudRAN), that aims to ease the integration of satellite components in forthcoming 5G systems. Special attention is given to the design of SatCloudRAN by considering the split and placement of virtualized and nonvirtualized functions while taking into account the characteristics of the transport links connecting both type of functions. We assess how virtualization and softwarization technologies, namely, network function virtualization and software‐defined networking, can deliver part of the satellite gateway functionalities as virtual network functions and achieve a flexible and programmable control and management of satellite infrastructure. Under the network function virtualization paradigm, building virtual network function blocks that compose a satellite gateway have been identified, and their interaction exhibited. This paper also gives insights on how the SatCloudRAN approach can allow operators to provide software‐defined networking‐based (1) bandwidth on demand, (2) dynamic Quality of Service, and (3) satellite gateway diversity. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An ultralightweight RFID authentication protocol based on Feistel cipher structure
Authors: Mustapha Bensalah , Djeddou Mustapha , Drouiche Karim 
Published: February 2017

AbstractRadio‐frequency identification (RFID) is a technology for automated identification of objects and people. RFID raises two main concerns: security and privacy. RFID tags are likely to proliferate into billions, and nowadays, security and privacy of RFID systems are to be continuously improved. In this context, we propose a new ultralightweight RFID mutual authentication protocol based on the Feistel cipher structure. This structure is based on substitutions and random permutations which create confusion and diffusion in the transmitted messages. The main contribution of this work is the application of Feistel cipher structure to design a low‐cost authentication protocol for RFID tags involving simple lightweight operations in the tag. Security analysis shows that the proposed protocol achieves the functionalities of mutual authentication, resists to various attacks, and presents a scalable security level. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Causative factors and phenomenology of depression in EPILEPSY—A review
Authors: Saha Rahul , Mohapatra Satyakam , Kar Sujit , Tekkalaki Bheemsain , Anand K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is a known fact that depression is the one of the leading causes of years lived with disability and the fourth leading cause of disability-adjusted life-years worldwide. Depression is often under-recognized among patients of epilepsy due to lack of awareness of depressive symptoms. Due to improper management of depression in epileptic patients, it can interfere with treatment outcomes and hence can impair the quality of life. Undermanaged depression in epilepsy is generally associated with work absenteeism and direct medical costs. Electronic JR_liographic databases like PubMed and Google Scholar were searched using the format “(depression, epilepsy and symptoms)”. Cross-linked searches were made taking the lead from key articles. Recent articles and those exploring the etiological factors & symptomatic presentation of depression were focused upon. The main purpose of this review was to study the causative association between epilepsy and depression and to discuss the varied symptomatic presentation.
Erectile Dysfunction in Heme-Deficient Nitric Oxide–Unresponsive Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Knock-In Mice
Authors: Decaluwé Kelly , Pauwels Bart , Boydens Charlotte , Thoonen Robrecht , Buys Emmanuel S. , Brouckaert Peter , Van de Voorde Johan 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Introduction
The nitric oxide (NO), soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) pathway is the leading pathway in penile erection.

Aim
To assess erectile function in a mouse model in which sGC is deficient in heme (apo-sGC) and unresponsive to NO.

Methods
Mutant mice (sGCβ1ki/ki) that express an sGC enzyme that retains basal activity but fails to respond to NO because of heme deficiency (apo-sGC) were used. Isolated corpora cavernosa from sGCβ1ki/ki and wild-type mice were mounted in vitro for isometric tension recordings in response to sGC-dependent and -independent vasorelaxant agents. In addition, the erectile effects of some of these agents were tested in vivo at intracavernosal injection.

Main Outcome Measures
In vitro and in vivo recordings of erectile responses in sGCβ1ki/ki and wild-type mice after stimulation with sGC-dependent and -independent vasorelaxant agents.

Results
NO-induced responses were abolished in sGCβ1ki/ki mice in vitro and in vivo. The ability of the heme-dependent, NO-independent sGC stimulator BAY 41-2272 to relax the corpora cavernosa was markedly attenuated in sGCβ1ki/ki mice. In contrast, the relaxation response to the heme- and NO-independent sGC activator BAY 58-2667 was significantly enhanced in sGCβ1ki/ki mice. The relaxing effect of sGC-independent vasorelaxant agents was similar in wild-type and sGCβ1ki/ki mice, illustrating that the observed alterations in vasorelaxation are limited to NO-sGC-cGMP–mediated processes.

Conclusion
Our results suggest that sGC is the sole target of NO in erectile physiology. Furthermore, this study provides indirect evidence that, in addition to sGCα1β1, sGCα2β1 is important for erectile function. In addition, the significant relaxation observed in sGCβ1ki/ki mice with the cumulative addition of the sGC activator BAY 58-2667 indicates that sGC activators might offer value in treating erectile dysfunction.
Microdroplet fusion mass spectrometry: accelerated kinetics of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation
Authors: Lee Jae Kyoo , Nam Hong Gil , Zare Richard N. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractKinetics of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation was recorded in microdroplets by fusing a stream of microdroplets containing 40 µM chlorophyll a or b dissolved in methanol with a stream of aqueous microdroplets containing 35 mM hydrochloric acid (pH = 1·46). The kinetics of the demetallation of chlorophyll in the fused microdroplets (14 ± 6 µm diameter; 84 ± 18 m s−1 velocity) was recorded by controlling the traveling distance of the fused microdroplets between the fusion region and the inlet of a mass spectrometer. The rate of acid-induced chlorophyll demetallation was about 960 ± 120 times faster in the charged microdroplets compared with that reported in bulk solution. If no voltage was applied to the sprayed microdroplets, then the acceleration factor was about 580 ± 90, suggesting that the applied voltage is not a major factor determining the acceleration. Chlorophyll a was more rapidly demetallated than chlorophyll b by a factor of ~26 in bulk solution and ~5 in charged microdroplets. The demetallation kinetics was second order in the H+ concentration, but the acceleration factor of microdroplets compared with bulk solution appeared to be unchanged in going from pH = 1·3 to 7·0. The water:methanol ratio of the fused microdroplets was varied from 7:3 to 3:7 causing an increase in the reaction rate of chlorophyll a demetallation by 20%. This observation demonstrates that the solvent composition, which has different evaporation rates, does not significantly affect the acceleration. We believe that a major portion of the acceleration can be attributed to confinement effects involving surface reactions rather than either to evaporation of solvents or to the introduction of charges to the microdroplets.
Bacterial bile salt hydrolase: an intestinal microbiome target for enhanced animal health
Authors: Geng Wenjing , Lin Jun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractTo effectively mitigate antimicrobial resistance in the agricultural ecosystem, there is an increasing pressure to reduce and eliminate the use of in-feed antibiotics for growth promotion and disease prevention in food animals. However, limiting antibiotic use could compromise animal production efficiency and health. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop effective alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs). Increasing evidence has shown that the growth-promoting effect of AGPs was highly correlated with the reduced activity of bile salt hydrolase (BSH), an intestinal bacterial enzyme that has a negative impact on host fat digestion and energy harvest; consistent with this finding, the population ofLactobacillusspecies, the major intestinal BSH-producer, was significantly reduced in response to AGP use. Thus, BSH is a key mechanistic microbiome target for developing novel alternatives to AGPs. Despite recent significant progress in the characterization of diverse BSH enzymes, research on BSH is still in its infancy. This review is focused on the function of BSH and its significant impacts on host physiology in human beings, laboratory animals and food animals. The gaps in BSH-based translational microbiome research for enhanced animal health are also identified and discussed.
Another Step towards a Definition of ‘Implementing Measures’?
Authors: Buchanan Camilla , Bolzonello Luca 
Published: February 2017

Case T-397/13, Tilly Sabco v Commission, Judgment of the General Court (Fifth Chamber) of 14 January 2016, ECLI:EU:T:2016:8Article 263 TFEU allows applicants to challenge regulatory acts which are of direct concern to them and do not entail implementing measures. In this judgment the General Court held effectively that the implementing measure cannot be hypothetical but must follow-on naturally from the underlying regulatory act. This note discusses the significance of this seemingly new element in the meaning of ‘entail implementing measures’ and its potential consequences.
Soil microorganisms can overcome respiration inhibition by coupling intra- and extracellular metabolism: 13C metabolic tracing reveals the mechanisms
Authors: K Bore Ezekiel , Apostel Carolin , Halicki Sara , Kuzyakov Yakov , Dippold Michaela A 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
CO2 release from soil is commonly used to estimate toxicity of various substances on microorganisms. However, the mechanisms underlying persistent CO2 release from soil exposed to toxicants inhibiting microbial respiration, for example, sodium azide (NaN3) or heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Cu), remain unclear. To unravel these mechanisms, NaN3-amended soil was incubated with position-specifically 13C-labeled glucose and 13C was quantified in CO2, bulk soil, microbial biomass and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs). High 13C recovery from C-1 in CO2 indicates that glucose was predominantly metabolized via the pentose phosphate pathway irrespective of inhibition. Although NaN3 prevented 13C incorporation into PLFA and decreased total CO2 release, 13C in CO2 increased by 12% compared with control soils due to an increased use of glucose for energy production. The allocation of glucose-derived carbon towards extracellular compounds, demonstrated by a fivefold higher 13C recovery in bulk soil than in microbial biomass, suggests the synthesis of redox active substances for extracellular disposal of electrons to bypass inhibited electron transport chains within the cells. PLFA content doubled within 10 days of inhibition, demonstrating recovery of the microbial community. This growth was largely based on recycling of cost-intensive biomass compounds, for example, alkyl chains, from microbial necromass. The bypass of intracellular toxicity by extracellular electron transport permits the fast recovery of the microbial community. Such efficient strategies to overcome exposure to respiration-inhibiting toxicants may be exclusive to habitats containing redox-sensitive substances. Therefore, the toxic effects of respiration inhibitors on microorganisms are much less intensive in soils than in pure cultures.
Subjective craving and event-related brain response to olfactory and visual chocolate cues in binge-eating and healthy individuals
Authors: Wolz I. , Sauvaget A. , Granero R. , Mestre-Bach G. , Baño M. , Martín-Romera V. , Veciana de las Heras M. , Jiménez-Murcia S. , Jansen A. , Roefs A. , Fernández-Aranda F. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractHigh-sugar/high-fat foods are related to binge-eating behaviour and especially people with low inhibitory control may encounter elevated difficulties to resist their intake. Incentive sensitization to food-related cues might lead to increased motivated attention towards these stimuli and to cue-induced craving. To investigate the combined influence of olfactory and visual stimuli on craving, inhibitory control and motivated attention, 20 healthy controls and 19 individuals with binge-eating viewed chocolate and neutral pictures, primed by chocolate or neutral odours. Subjective craving and electroencephalogram activity were recorded during the task. N2 and Late Positive Potential (LPP) amplitudes were analysed. Patients reported higher craving than controls. Subjective craving, N2 and LPP amplitudes were higher for chocolate versus neutral pictures. Patients showed a higher relative increase in N2 amplitudes to chocolate versus neutral pictures than controls. Chocolate images induced significant increases in craving, motivated attention and measures of cognitive control. Chocolate odour might potentiate the craving response to visual stimuli, especially in patients with binge-eating.
New perspectives on corpora amylacea in the human brain
Authors: Augé Elisabet , Cabezón Itsaso , Pelegrí Carme , Vilaplana Jordi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractCorpora amylaceaare structures of unknown origin and function that appear with age in human brains and are profuse in selected brain areas in several neurodegenerative conditions. They are constituted of glucose polymers and may contain waste elements derived from different cell types. As we previously found on particular polyglucosan bodies in mouse brain, we report here thatcorpora amylaceapresent some neo-epitopes that can be recognized by natural antibodies, a certain kind of antibodies that are involved in tissue homeostasis. We hypothesize thatcorpora amylacea, and probably some other polyglucosan bodies, are waste containers in which deleterious or residual products are isolated to be later eliminated through the action of the innate immune system. In any case, the presence of neo-epitopes on these structures and the existence of natural antibodies directed against them could become a new focal point for the study of both age-related and degenerative brain processes.
Trifunctional lipid probes for comprehensive studies of single lipid species in living cells
Authors: Höglinger Doris , Nadler André , Haberkant Per , Kirkpatrick Joanna , Schifferer Martina , Stein Frank , Hauke Sebastian , Porter Forbes D. , Schultz Carsten 
Published: February 2017

SignificanceSome lipids such as sphingosine and diacylglycerol are potent signaling effectors. However, comprehensive investigations of their bioactive actions are often hampered by a lack of tools that can be used in living cells. Here, we present chemically modified lipids that allow investigation of acute lipid signaling, lipid metabolism, lipid−protein interactions, and lipid localization by using a single probe for each target lipid. Equipped with a caging group, the lipid probe is biologically inactive, until activated by a flash of light. A second photoreaction cross-links the probe to protein interactors that may subsequently be analyzed by mass spectrometry or fluorescence/electron microscopy. We envision that this versatile design will be central to unraveling complex lipid signaling networks.
THE EFFICACY OF INFECTION SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL PROGRAMS IN PREVENTING NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN US HOSPITALS
Authors: HALEY ROBERT W. , CULVER DAVID H. , WHITE JOHN W. , MORGAN W. MEADE , EMORI T. GRACE , MUNN VAN P. , HOOTON THOMAS M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
In a representative sample of US general hospitals, the authors found that the establishment of intensive infection surveillance and control programs was strongly associated with reductions in rates of nosocomial urinary tract infection, surgical wound infection, pneumonia, and bacteremia between 1970 and 1975–1976, after controlling for other characteristics of the hospitals and their patients. Essential components of effective programs included conducting organized surveillance and control activities and having a trained, effectual infection control physician, an infection control nurse per 250 beds, and a system for reporting infection rates to practicing surgeons. Programs with these components reduced their hospitals' infection rates by 32%. Since relatively few hospitals had very effective programs, however, only 6% of the nation's approximately 2 million nosocomial infections were being prevented in the mid-1970s, leaving another 26% to be prevented by universal adoption of these programs. Among hospitals without effective programs, the overall infection rate increased by 18% from 1970 to 1976.
A MONITORING SYSTEM TO DETECT INCREASED RATES OF CANCER INCIDENCE
Authors: SITTER RANDY R. , HANRAHAN LAWRENCE P. , DEMETS DAVID , ANDERSON HENRY A. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
A new method for monitoring occurrences of rare health events is proposed. This proposed method is similar in principle to the sets technique but is shown to have much better expected time to alarm properties. This is illustrated for a number of hypothetical situations, and then both methods are applied to cancer mortality data. The proposed method will allow the use of large monitoring systems consisting of implementations of the method in a number of subregions (i.e., counties) of a larger region (i.e., state) independently, and still maintain reasonable expected times between false alarms.
A Measurement of the Response to Fast Neutrons of Several Materials Dosemeters
Authors: Jones L.T. , Kitching S.J. , Lewis T.A. , Playle T.S. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The measurement of the response to fast neutrons of several materials dosemeters, used in zero energy reactor experiments, is described. They are (a) silicon diodes, (b) beryllia, alumina and calcium fluoride TLDs, and (c) C/CO2 and C/Ar ionisation chambers. Silicon diodes are used for measuring fast neutrons whereas the others are used to measure ? exposure where the fast neutron response is typically less than 5% of the total signal, the demand for absolute accuracy is not high: the main requirement is that the calibration source of neutrons be free from ? radiation. For silicon diodes, ? radiation is irrelevant since they respond only to fast neutrons, but the response must be defined accurately since ultimately it represents the limit of precision. Also the response function has several resonances so that the calibration must be with a variable but essentially monoenergetic neutron source. Between 0.3 and 2.3 MeV the requirements for both classes of detector can be met simultaneously by accelerating protons onto a tritium target to produce ? free neutrons in defined energy bands. This was used for all devices. In addition, a thin lithium target was also used to produce more closely defined neutron energies in the range between 117 and 650 keV to identify the response threshold and principal resonance in the silicon diode response. This target was unsuitable for the other devices because of the ? radiation produced.
European Intercomparison of Environmental Thermoluminescence Dosemeters
Authors: McKinlay A.F. , Driscoll C.M.H. , Richards D.J. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
The National Radiological Protection Board has a continuing interest in the development of thermoluminescence measurement techniques and has been using thermoluminescence dosemeters for the measurement of environmental gamma ray exposure in houses as part of a national indoor radiation survey. A number of other scientific laboratories within Europe are currently involved in similar studies or are using thermoluminescence dosemeters for the routine measurement of environmental exposure at reactor sites. Five such laboratories were invited to participate in an intercomparison study of the performance of thermoluminescence dosemeters for environmental measurements. Following completion of this exercise a further five laboratories were invited to participate in a second study. In both intercomparisons, the National Radiological Protection Board was responsible for the planning and administration of the exercise and acted as a clearing house for transport, temporary storage and distribution of the dosemeters. This paper describes the objectives, methodology and results of these international intercomparison exercises.
The Quality Factor for Neutrons in Radiation Protection: Physical Parameters
Authors: Kellerer A.M. , Hahn (INVITED) K. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Recommendations by NCRP and ICRP for a selective increase of the quality factor for neutrons have not been implemented in the practice of radiation protection, but have added urgency to the search for a more consistent new convention on quality factors. In response to this need, a liaison group of ICRP and ICRU has proposed numerical changes, but also a replacement of the reference parameter LET by the microdosimetric variable lineal energy. This would make quality factors and dose equivalents measurable, but would make computations more complicated. To resolve the dilemma, it is proposed to use an equivalence relation between lineal energy and LET which leads to nearly identical definitions whenever one deals with charged particles of sufficiently long range, For photons below 200 keV and for neutrons below 0.5 MeV, the equivalence is imperfect, but it may, even in these cases, be acceptable for the practical purposes of radiation protection.