bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between SMOF lipid and parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis compared with Intralipid in extremely low birth weight infants: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Velumula Pradeep Kumar , Boddu Praveen Kumar , Lulic‐Botica Mirjana , Khanal Luna , Amoah Joe , Bajaj Monika 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundThere is limited evidence on benefits of SMOF lipids (mixed fatty acid emulsion of 30% soybean oil, 30% medium chain triglycerides, 25% olive oil, and 15% fish oil) in reducing parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis in extremely low birth weight infants, compared with soybean oil–based Intralipid.AimTo compare incidence of parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis in preterm infants who received Intralipid vs SMOF lipid.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study on infants with birth weight <1000 g, admitted between January 2013 to December 2022, who received parenteral nutrition for >14 days and divided them into two groups based on lipid emulsion received (Intralipid, n = 187, SMOF, n = 127). Primary outcome was incidence of parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis, defined as direct bilirubin ≥2 mg/dl.ResultsBaseline characteristics did not differ between the two groups. No significant difference was noted in parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis between the two groups on logistic regression, (adjusted odds ratio: 0.71, 95% confidence interval 0.35–1.42, P value 0.33) after adjusting for gestational age, parenteral nutrition days, lipid days, and late‐onset sepsis.ConclusionThere was no difference in the rates of parenteral nutrition–associated cholestasis between preterm infants administered SMOF lipids and those given Intralipid.
The next event will be held with more quality: Identifying and prioritizing barriers to knowledge management in sports events
Authors: Moslehi Leila , Ghahfarokhi Ebrahim Alidoust 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEffective knowledge management can help in better performance of projects such as sports events, and it can prevent the reinvention of systems, ideas, and also the repetition of errors. However, considering their temporary nature, projects face serious barriers in effective knowledge management. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to identify and prioritize the barriers of knowledge management in sports events. The statistical population included sports managers and also professors who were knowledgeable about the research subject. Barriers to knowledge management in sports events were identified in two steps. In the first step, the literature was reviewed, and then an interview was conducted with the samples, and in this way, three indicators and 19 sub‐indices were identified. Next, a questionnaire was designed. After collecting the questionnaires, the barriers were ranked through the process of pairwise comparisons in an analytic hierarchy process. The results showed that the most important barriers to knowledge management in the sports event are managerial barriers, with a relative weight of 0.521; barriers related to human resources, with a relative weight of 0.356; and infrastructural and support barriers, with a relative weight of 0.123. The results showed the importance of managerial barriers in the knowledge management of sports events, which shows the necessity of informing and training managers in this area.
Lord of the (Magnetic) Rings: Rigid Bronchoscopy for Aspirated Magnetic Foreign Bodies in Tertiary Bronchi
Authors: Zhang Lisa , Hall Daniel B. , Albathi Monirah , Schuett Carly R. , Arch Rebecca S. , Bassett Ethan , Walz Patrick 
Published: September 2024

ObjectivesTo describe operative techniques using rigid bronchoscopy and ferromagnetic bronchoscopic equipment to retrieve magnetic foreign bodies in distal tertiary bronchi beyond the reach of traditional optical instrumentation.MethodsA 13‐year‐old presented to the Emergency Department following aspiration of three backing magnets from a magnetic nose ring. Chest radiographs demonstrated a 4 mm × 3 mm foreign body in the right lower lobe 0.5 cm from diaphragm on expiratory film. She was taken to the operating room for removal of an airway foreign body.ResultsThe foreign body was visualized with direct laryngoscopy followed by rigid bronchoscopy in the distal right lower tertiary bronchus. Attempts to pass optical instruments were limited both by distance of the object and size of instrumentation compared to the diameter of the tertiary bronchus. A salivary wire basket and ureteral stone retrieval basket were then passed with endoscopic visualization into the tertiary bronchus but were unable to engage the foreign body. An attempt was made to pass a 2 French Fogarty embolectomy catheter distally, but the catheter was too large to bypass the foreign body. Finally, ferromagnetic pulmonary rat tooth biopsy forceps were advanced into the tertiary bronchus and successfully attracted the magnetic foreign body for safe removal through our rigid bronchoscope.ConclusionWe present a novel method of utilizing ferromagnetic flexible bronchoscopic instruments to safely remove magnetic foreign bodies in the tertiary bronchi beyond the reach of traditional bronchoscopic instruments. Laryngoscope, 135:920–922, 2025
Intricate relationship between cancer stemness, metastasis, and drug resistance
Authors: Dakal Tikam Chand , Bhushan Ravi , Xu Caiming , Gadi Bhana Ram , Cameotra Swaranjit Singh , Yadav Vikas , Maciaczyk Jarek , Schmidt‐Wolf Ingo G. H. , Kumar Abhishek , Sharma Amit 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCancer stem cells (CSCs) are widely acknowledged as the drivers of tumor initiation, epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) progression, and metastasis. Originating from both hematologic and solid malignancies, CSCs exhibit quiescence, pluripotency, and self‐renewal akin to normal stem cells, thus orchestrating tumor heterogeneity and growth. Through a dynamic interplay with the tumor microenvironment (TME) and intricate signaling cascades, CSCs undergo transitions from differentiated cancer cells, culminating in therapy resistance and disease recurrence. This review undertakes an in‐depth analysis of the multifaceted mechanisms underlying cancer stemness and CSC‐mediated resistance to therapy. Intrinsic factors encompassing the TME, hypoxic conditions, and oxidative stress, alongside extrinsic processes such as drug efflux mechanisms, collectively contribute to therapeutic resistance. An exploration into key signaling pathways, including JAK/STAT, WNT, NOTCH, and HEDGEHOG, sheds light on their pivotal roles in sustaining CSCs phenotypes. Insights gleaned from preclinical and clinical studies hold promise in refining drug discovery efforts and optimizing therapeutic interventions, especially chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)‐T cell therapy, cytokine‐induced killer (CIK) cell therapy, natural killer (NK) cell‐mediated CSC‐targeting and others. Ultimately use of cell sorting and single cell sequencing approaches for elucidating the fundamental characteristics and resistance mechanisms inherent in CSCs will enhance our comprehension of CSC and intratumor heterogeneity, which ultimately would inform about tailored and personalized interventions.
Organoids: development and applications in disease models, drug discovery, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine
Authors: Yao Qigu , Cheng Sheng , Pan Qiaoling , Yu Jiong , Cao Guoqiang , Li Lanjuan , Cao Hongcui 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOrganoids are miniature, highly accurate representations of organs that capture the structure and unique functions of specific organs. Although the field of organoids has experienced exponential growth, driven by advances in artificial intelligence, gene editing, and bioinstrumentation, a comprehensive and accurate overview of organoid applications remains necessary. This review offers a detailed exploration of the historical origins and characteristics of various organoid types, their applications—including disease modeling, drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, precision medicine, and regenerative medicine—as well as the current challenges and future directions of organoid research. Organoids have proven instrumental in elucidating genetic cell fate in hereditary diseases, infectious diseases, metabolic disorders, and malignancies, as well as in the study of processes such as embryonic development, molecular mechanisms, and host–microbe interactions. Furthermore, the integration of organoid technology with artificial intelligence and microfluidics has significantly advanced large‐scale, rapid, and cost‐effective drug toxicity and efficacy assessments, thereby propelling progress in precision medicine. Finally, with the advent of high‐performance materials, three‐dimensional printing technology, and gene editing, organoids are also gaining prominence in the field of regenerative medicine. Our insights and predictions aim to provide valuable guidance to current researchers and to support the continued advancement of this rapidly developing field.
Overexpression of PRDM16 attenuates acute kidney injury progression: genetic and pharmacological approaches
Authors: Li Xiaozhou , Xu Fang , Zhang Pan , Mao Liufeng , Guo Yong , Li Huiling , Xie Yuxing , Li Yijian , Liao Yingjun , Chen Junxiang , Wu Donghai , Zhang Dongshan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAcute kidney injury (AKI) presents as a condition marked by a sudden and rapid decrease in kidney function over a short timeframe, resulting from diverse causes. As a transcription factor, PR domain‐containing 16 (PRDM16), has recently been implicated in brown fat biogenesis and heart diseases. Our recent works indicated that PRDM16 could suppress the occurrence of renal interstitial fibrosis in diabetic kidney disorder. Nonetheless, the effect and regulatory mechanism of PRDM16 in AKI remain elusive. Our study demonstrated that PRDM16 inhibited apoptosis induced by ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) in BUMPT (Boston University mouse kidney proximal tubular) cells and HK‐2(Human Kidney‐2) cells. Mechanistically, PRDM16 not only bound to the promoter region of S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6 (S100A6)and upregulated its expression but also interacted with its amino acids 945–949, 957–960, and 981–984 to suppress the p38MAPK and JNK axes via inhibition of PKC‐η activity and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Furthermore, cisplatin‐ and I/R‐stimulated AKI progression were ameliorated in PRDM16 proximal‐tubule‐specific knockin mice, whereas exacerbated in PRDM16 knockout proximal‐tubule‐specific mice). Moreover, we observed that formononetin ameliorated I/R‐ and cisplatin‐triggered AKI progression in mice. Taken together, these findings reveal a novel self‐protective mechanism in AKI, whereby PRDM16 regulates the S100A6/PKC‐η/ROS/p38MAPK and JNK pathways to inhibit AKI progression.
Cross‐Sectional and Prospective Associations between Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease with Frailty in Latin America
Authors: Kim Dani J. , Khan Nusrat , Llibre‐Rodriguez Juan J. , Jiang Miao , Rodriguez‐Salgado Ana M. , Acosta Isaac , Sosa Ana Luisa , Acosta Daisy , Jimenez‐Velasquez Ivonne Z. , Guerra Mariella , Salas Aquiles , Sánchez Nedelys Díaz , López‐Contreras Ricardo , Hesse Heike , Tanner Caroline , Llibre‐Guerra Jorge J. , Prina Matthew 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the relationship between parkinsonism or Parkinson's disease (PD) and frailty in Latin America.ObjectiveThe study aimed to determine the cross‐sectional and prospective associations between parkinsonism and PD with frailty in a large multi‐country cohort in Latin America. Frailty was assessed using three different models to explore which definitions are more appropriate to screen for frailty in a PD population.Methods12,865 older adults (aged ≥65 years) from the 10/66 population‐based cohort study in six Latin American countries were analyzed. Logistic regression models assessed the cross‐sectional association between parkinsonism/PD with baseline frailty. Individual country analyses were combined via fixed‐effect meta‐analysis. In non‐frail participants who were followed up for 4 years, Cox proportional hazards regression models assessed the prospective association between parkinsonism/PD with incident frailty accounting for competing risk of mortality.ResultsAt baseline, the prevalence of parkinsonism and PD was 7% and 2%, respectively, and the prevalence of frailty varied across the three models with rates of 18% for frailty phenotype, 20% for frailty index and 30% for multidimensional frailty model. PD was associated with baseline and incident frailty after accounting for age, sex, and education: odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for frailty were 2.49 (95% CIs 1.87–3.31), 2.42 (95% CIs 1.80–3.25), and 1.57 (95% CIs 1.16–2.21), and cause‐specific hazard ratios were 1.66 (95% CIs 1.07–2.56), 1.78 (95% CIs 1.05–3.03), and 1.58 (95% CIs 0.91–2.74). Similar results were found for parkinsonism.ConclusionParkinsonism and PD were cross‐sectionally and prospectively associated with frailty in Latin America. Routine screening for frailty in PD patients may aid earlier detection of those at greater risk of adverse outcomes.
Wideband circularly polarized high accuracy survey active antenna for global navigation satellite systems applications
Authors: Wei Jia , Liao Shaowei , Xue Quan , Che Wenquan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis letter presents a new circularly polarized (CP) active antenna for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) operating in the L1‐band (1.164–1.28 GHz) and L2‐band (1.525–1.615 GHz). The active antenna consists of a passive antenna and a two‐channel low‐noise amplifier (LNA) circuit. To achieve wideband coverage of the L1/L2 bands while maintaining a low profile, a new electroplating process is utilized in fabricating the passive antenna. Additionally, to realize CP performance, the passive antenna is sequentially fed by four ports with a wideband feeding network. To minimize phase variations, a 90° phase shifter loaded with open‐short‐stub is integrated into the feeding network. Furthermore, to improve noise immunity, out‐of‐band rejection, and amplify GNSS signals, the LNA circuit cascades two‐stage dielectric bandpass filters and three‐stage LNAs. Consequently, the circuit features a low noise figure of below 1.65 dB, a maximum out‐of‐band rejection level of 60 dB, and a stable active gain of 30 dB. The performance of the active antenna is evaluated in an outdoor open field using a GNSS receiver.
A highly survivable X‐band low noise amplifier based on GaN HEMT technology and impact of pulse width on recovery time
Authors: Nawaz Muhammad Imran , Zafar Salahuddin , Akoglu Busra Cankaya , Caglar Gizem Tendurus , Hannan Abdullah , Urfali Emirhan , Aras Erdem , Ozbay Ekmel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGaN high electron mobility transistor (HEMT)‐based low noise amplifiers (LNAs) are an integral part of microwave receiver systems to enhance signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR). The noise of LNA itself becomes critical for systems requiring high SNR, such as imaging and satellite communication systems. This paper discusses the design of a three‐stage LNA operating at the X‐band in the frequency range of 8.0–12.0 GHz. The amplifier's design and small signal, noise, and linearity characterizations are discussed. Stagewise analysis for gain, noise figure (NF), and matching network losses at the design stage results in achieving promising results. The proposed LNA provides a gain of 23.2 dB with  dB gain ripple. Its NF is below 1.5 dB, output power at 1 dB gain compression is 16.4 dBm, and third‐order intercept point is 24.7 dBm at 10 GHz. LNA's survivability is validated to input stress as high as 42 dBm. This LNA is the best reported NF and survivability combination in the 8.0–12.0‐GHz frequency range. The reverse recovery time of LNA is measured under two different pulse conditions, and it has been shown that LNA has better recovery times for lower pulse width signals. This LNA finds its applications in radars and satellite communication systems.
Psychometric evaluation of the extended inclusion of nature in self scale in Chinese adults through the Rasch analysis
Authors: Wang Xuanyi , Chen Shulin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

How humans connect with nature impacts the well‐being of both people and ecosystems. Being disconnected from nature can lead to attitudes and behaviours that ultimately damage our physical and mental health and cause irreparable harm to the planet. To measure the human‐nature connection, measurements with good psychometric properties are warranted.

By synthesizing the existing instruments, we suggested the distinctive advantages of the Extended Inclusion of Nature in Self scale (EINS), such as using multiple graphical spatial metaphors. Based on the back‐translation method, we translated the EINS into a Chinese version (EINS‐C). Then, using the Rasch model and the classical test theory, we elaborately examined the psychometric properties of the scale with a sample of 786 Chinese adults.

Exploratory factor analysis, principal components analysis of Rasch residuals, and confirmative factor analysis together provided robust evidence for the one‐factor structure of the EINS‐C. Category probability curves showed the satisfying functioning of the rating scale. The scale further exhibited high criterion validity, convergent validity, internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The Rasch model fit statistics were also substantial for items. Each item presented a moderate difficulty, suggesting high discrimination power for levels of self‐nature connection. Scores on the scale could be meaningfully compared across genders, as no substantial differential item functioning was found.

The EINS‐C consequently demonstrated generally robust psychometric properties, which could be applied to the Chinese‐speaking community, approximately 16 per cent of the world's population. This high‐quality and convenient tool for evaluating and monitoring the relationship between humans and nature lays a foundation for and might facilitate conservation‐related research and policy formulation.

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Characterization of the Prenatal Ultrasound Phenotype Associated With 7q11.23 Microduplication Syndrome and Williams–Beuren Syndrome
Authors: Wang Fengyang , Peng Huijuan , Lou Guiyu , Ren Yanxin , Liao Shixiu 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study aimed to characterize the intrauterine phenotype of fetuses with 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome and Williams–Beuren syndrome (WBS) to provide insight into prenatal genotype and phenotype correlations in the 7q11.23 region.MethodsSeven fetuses with 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome and sixteen with WBS were diagnosed via array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) or copy number variation sequencing (CNV‐seq) at our center. Clinical data were also systematically collected and analyzed, including intrauterine phenotype, pregnancy outcome, and inheritance.ResultsIn our cases, the most common prenatal ultrasound feature of 7q11.23 microduplication syndrome was cardiovascular defects; less frequent features included choroid plexus cysts, anencephaly, bilateral pyelectasis, and cervical lymphatic hygroma. On the other hand, WBS was mainly associated with cardiovascular defects and intrauterine growth retardation. Other clinical phenotypes included hypoechoic frontal horn of the right lateral ventricle, crossed fused renal ectopia, hyperechogenic bowel, hyperechogenic right thoracic cavity, and hyperechogenic hepatic parenchyma/intrahepatic duct wall.ConclusionsOur study describes a series of new ultrasound features identified prenatally in fetuses with 7q11.23 microduplications and microdeletions with the intent of expanding the prenatal phenotype associated with copy number variants in this chromosomal region. Additional studies are needed to clearly delineate specific prenatal features associated with these rare genetic entities.
Development of high‐performance EGMA/EVA‐bamboo powder composite foams with enhanced stability, strengthening and toughening for sustainable applications
Authors: Hao Jianxin , Wang Xinghuo , Xie Hugang , Chen Qiqi , Chen Xiaoqing , Chen Yukun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCommercial ethylene vinyl acetate co‐polymer (EVA) foam is already an important part of everyday life thanks to its weather resistance and stability. However, the large amount of inorganic fillers present in commercial EVA foams is the main obstacle to their full carbon recovery. In this work, high‐performance ethylene‐acrylic ester‐glycidyl methacrylate/EVA‐bamboo powder (EGMA/EVA‐BP) composite foams with multiple cross‐linked network structures were successfully prepared by introducing a bio‐based filler, BP, and using EGMA as a partial replacement of the foaming matrix. Influenced by the multiple cross‐linked networks, the EGMA/EVA‐BP foam shows increased strength and toughness. Compared with EVA foams, the stability of EGMA/EVA‐BP foam is greatly improved by the introduction of BP and dispersion of EGMA, with tensile toughness and compressive modulus reaching 7.20 kN/m3 and 1.05 MPa. Meanwhile, the EGMA/EVA‐BP foam still retains the advantages of light weight (density of 0.175 g/cm3), high resilience (52%) and good thermal stability and durability (more than 400 cycles at 20% compression). In particular, BP enables the foam fully carbon‐degradable, making it easier to achieve sustainability in commercial polymer foams. This cost‐effective strategy offers an easily scalable solution for high‐performance, eco‐friendly commercial foam production.Highlights
Bio‐based bamboo powder reinforces the foam to improve strength and toughness.
Multi‐crosslinking network design improves foam stability.
Lightweight, flexible, and durable foam.
Eco‐friendly foam: combination of renewable energy and advanced polymers.
Gaining headspace: A classroom‐based mindfulness intervention to promote attention for primary students
Authors: Rigney Alexander M. , Drevon Daniel D. , Hixson Michael D. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe authors investigated whether a functional relation exists between the mindfulness‐based intervention Headspace and student attentive behavior, and the perceptions of Headspace from instructors who used the intervention. The study was conducted in three classrooms with elementary‐age students. The intervention was delivered via the Headspace application. Data were collected using systematic direct observation. The research design was a multiple baseline design. Each classroom was the unit of analysis. Data were analyzed using visual analysis and by calculating a between‐case standardized mean difference. Results showed a nonsignificant, small effect size (g = 0.53, (95% CI [−0.15, 1.22]). Overall, results from the visual analysis suggest there was not a functional relation between Headspace and attentive behavior. The perceptions of Headspace by instructors were not positive. The results differ from previous results in the literature and are interpreted considering limitations related to the planning/design of the study as well as its execution.