bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Body Mass Index, Weight Loss, and Cause‐Specific Mortality in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: England Bryant R. , Baker Joshua F. , Sayles Harlan , Michaud Kaleb , Caplan Liron , Davis Lisa A. , Cannon Grant W. , Sauer Brian C. , Solow E. Blair , Reimold Andreas M. , Kerr Gail S. , Mikuls Ted R. 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo examine associations of body mass index (BMI) and weight loss with cause‐specific mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsA cohort of US veterans with RA was followed until death or through 2013. BMI was categorized as underweight, normal, overweight, and obese. Weight loss was calculated as the 1) annualized rate of change over the preceding 13 months, and 2) cumulative percent. Vital status and cause of death were obtained from the National Death Index. Multivariable competing‐risks regression models were utilized to assess the time‐varying associations of BMI and weight loss with cause‐specific mortality.ResultsAmong 1,600 participants and 5,789 patient‐years of followup, 303 deaths occurred (95 cardiovascular, 74 cancer, and 46 respiratory). The highest weight‐loss rate and weight‐loss percent were associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular mortality (rate: subdistribution hazard ratio [sHR] 2.27 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.61–3.19]; percent: sHR 2.31 [95% CI 1.06–5.01]) and cancer mortality (rate: sHR 2.36 [95% CI 1.11–5.01]; percent: sHR 1.90 [95% CI 1.00–3.62]). Overweight BMI was protective of cardiovascular mortality (sHR 0.59 [95% CI 0.38–0.91]), while underweight BMI was associated with a near 3‐fold increased risk of respiratory mortality (sHR 2.93 [95% CI 1.28–6.67]). Incorporation of time‐varying BMI and weight loss in the same models did not substantially alter individual associations for cardiovascular and cancer mortality, but an association between weight‐loss percentage and respiratory mortality was attenuated after BMI adjustment.ConclusionBoth BMI and weight loss are predictors of cause‐specific mortality in RA. Weight loss is a strong predictor of cardiovascular and cancer mortality, while underweight BMI is a stronger predictor of respiratory mortality.
Copper‐Catalyzed One‐pot Synthesis of Pyrimidines from Amides, N,N′‐dimethylformamide dimethylacetal, and Enamines
Authors: Jalani Hitesh B. , Cai Wangshui , Lu Hongjian 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA versatile copper catalyzed one‐pot synthesis of diversely substituted pyrimidines directly from amides, N,N′‐dimethylformamide dimethylacetal (DMF−DMA) and enamines has been established. The reaction involved the two C−N bonds and one C−C bond formation by formal [2+1+3] annulation approach to pyrimidines. This protocol is based on the use of readily available primary amides, DMF−DMA and enamines to install di‐ and tri‐substituted pyrimidine structure with diverse functionality in one‐pot manner, which makes this strategy to be appealing for the medicinal chemistry.magnified image
Brief Report: Rheumatoid Arthritis as the Underlying Cause of Death in Thirty‐One Countries, 1987–2011: Trend Analysis of World Health Organization Mortality Database
Authors: Kiadaliri Aliasghar A. , Felson David T. , Neogi Tuhina , Englund Martin 
Published: April 2017

ObjectiveTo examine trends in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as an underlying cause of death (UCD) in 31 countries across the world from 1987 to 2011.MethodsData on mortality and population were collected from the World Health Organization mortality database and from the United Nations Population Prospects database. Age‐standardized mortality rates (ASMRs) were calculated by means of direct standardization. We applied joinpoint regression analysis to identify trends. Between‐country disparities were examined using between‐country variance and the Gini coefficient. Due to low numbers of deaths, we smoothed the ASMRs using a 3‐year moving average. Changes in the number of RA deaths between 1987 and 2011 were decomposed using 2 counterfactual scenarios.ResultsThe absolute number of deaths with RA registered as the UCD decreased from 9,281 (0.12% of all‐cause deaths) in 1987 to 8,428 (0.09% of all‐cause deaths) in 2011. The mean ASMR decreased from 7.1 million person‐years in 1987–1989 to 3.7 million person‐years in 2009–2011 (48.2% reduction). A reduction of ≥25% in the ASMR occurred in 21 countries, while a corresponding increase was observed in 3 countries. There was a persistent reduction in RA mortality, and on average, the ASMR declined by 3.0% per year. The absolute and relative between‐country disparities decreased during the study period.ConclusionThe rates of mortality attributable to RA have declined globally. However, we observed substantial between‐country disparities in RA mortality, although these disparities decreased over time. Population aging combined with a decline in RA mortality may lead to an increase in the economic burden of disease that should be taken into consideration in policy‐making.
Measles hepatitis in a vaccinated liver transplant recipient: case report and review of literature
Authors: Mohiuddin Syed Adnan , AlMaslamani Muna , Hashim Samar , Panthalayinitharayil Hanfa Karim , Alkaabi Saad Rashid , Abdulwahab Abdulwahab , Derbala Moutaz 
Published: April 2017

Key Clinical MessageMeasles infection, postliver transplant, may lead to a fatal graft loss. Individuals who have been previously exposed to the measles antigen may have a modified disease presentation. Although vaccination may not provide solid immunity, it ameliorates the severity of the disease.
Severity of memory impairment in the elderly: Association with health care resource use and functional limitations in the United States
Authors: Aigbogun Myrlene Sanon , Stellhorn Robert , Krasa Holly , Kostic Dusan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIntroductionDementia is a prevalent condition in older adults associated with decline in cognitive and functional abilities and substantial burden. This study assessed the prevalence and impact of subjective memory impairment in the United States.MethodsThe 2011 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, a population‐based, nationally representative survey, was analyzed. Data included medical examinations, self‐reported cognitive and functional limitations, and health care utilization over 1 year. Participants were aged ≥65 years and completed both interview and medical examination components. Descriptive analyses of patient characteristics were performed, and complex survey regression models were used to test associations.ResultsOf 2431 survey participants included, 53.1% had no memory impairment, 40.1% had early‐stage memory impairment, and 6.6% had late‐stage memory impairment. In adjusted analyses, late‐stage versus no impairment was associated with more functional limitations (odds ratio [OR] = 7.26, P < .001), greater health care utilization (OR = 2.46, P < .001), and higher likelihood of seeing a mental health specialist (OR = 3.06, P = .001).DiscussionConsistent with previous research, individuals with late‐stage memory impairment had significantly greater functional limitations and higher health care utilization versus individuals with early‐stage or no memory impairment.
Geochemistry of Late Devonian oils of the Timan–Pechora basin
Authors: Bushnev D.A. , Burdel’naya N.S. , Valyaeva O.V. , Derevesnikova A.A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The composition of biomarkers and aromatic hydrocarbons of Late Devonian oils of the Timan–Pechora Basin has been studied. It shows that the organic matter of oil-generating deposits is at the close stages of thermal maturity, which are within the early and middle stages of the oil window. Five groups of oils have been recognized, three of which were generated by organic matter of Domanik deposits and the other two formed from organic matter of another source. Most of the studied oil samples contain derivates of isorenieratene indicating that the organic matter of oil source rocks formed in the photic-zone anoxia of the paleobasin.
The Fore-Yenisei sedimentary basin: Seismic-geological model and geodynamic history
Authors: Filippov Yu.F. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Regional seismic surveys and drilling data from the eastern part of the West Siberian plate west of the Yenisei River reveal thick moderately deformed Neoproterozoic and Early Paleozoic sediments that belong to an ancient basin of Fore-Yenisei under the Mesozoic-Cenozoic cover. Synthesis of new geological and geophysical data provide updates to the seismic-geological model, including 2D sections, structural and geological maps, and tectonics. The results have been used to reconstruct the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic geodynamic history of the western Siberian craton.
Lithology, geochemistry, and aspects of separation of the Kogalym Member within the Lower Vasyugan Subhorizon (Upper Bathonian–Lowermost Oxfordian) of West Siberia
Authors: Yan P.A. , Vakulenko L.G. , Kostyreva E.A. , Aukhatov Ya.G. , Burleva O.V. , Nikolenko O.D. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
It is proposed to separate a regionally persistent member of fine-dispersed mudstones as the individual Kogalym Member within the Lower Vasyugan Subhorizon (Uppermost Bathonian–Lowermost Oxfordian). We present data on the lithologic composition, geophysical characteristics, and geochemical properties of the organic matter and depositional environments of the member. The Tyumenskaya SG-6 well is proposed as a type section of the Kogalym Member, where a biostratigraphic approach has yielded the Middle–Upper Callovian volume of the member. We also discuss the aspects of specification and detalization of the Callovain–Oxfordian part of the Callovian and Upper Jurassic regional scheme of West Siberia.
Natural gas and condensate reserves in the Angara–Lena gas-bearing region
Authors: Skuzovatov M.Yu. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Large gas reserves have been discovered in the Vendian terrigenous rock complex of the Angara–Lena step in the southern Siberian Platform. In recent years, regional and areal exploration has yielded substantial data on the structure of gas-promising sedimentary strata and their reservoir properties. The author has analyzed the main structural features of Vendian gas-producing deposits and has made deterministic and probabilistic estimation of initial hydrocarbon resources in place with regard to the discovered field reserves.
Organic geochemistry of rocks of the Mesoproterozoic Malgin Formation and their depositional environments (southeastern Siberian Platform)
Authors: Suslova E.A. , Parfenova T.M. , Saraev S.V. , Nagovitsyn K.E. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Organic matter (OM) and rocks of the upper member of the Mesoproterozoic Malgin Formation in the southeastern Siberian Platform have been studied by modern research methods. Analysis has revealed homologous series of alkanes, tricyclanes, and hopanes in the bitumens. Leiosphaeridia crassa, L. minutissima, cf. Leiosphaeridia tenuissima, cf. Glomovertella, and Oscillatoriopsis sp. have been identified among the rare microfossils preserved in mudstones. Geochemical, lithological, and paleontological studies have shown that bacterial microcommunities and, to a lesser extent, eukaryotic microorganisms were the main source of OM. Based on results of sedimentological analysis and study of biomarkers, the depositional environment has been reconstructed. A model for the accumulation of black shales and carbonate rocks of the Malgin Formation is considered. The hypothesis that the highly carbonaceous rocks formed in uncompensated depressions of shallow epicontinental marine suboxidation environments is substantiated. The petroleum potential and degree of OM catagenesis of the Malgin Formation rocks are evaluated. Pyrolysis, bitumen analysis, and hydrocarbon composition study have revealed autochthonous and parautochthonous bitumens in the oil shales, mudstones, and carbonate rocks. The obtained data show that the Malgin Formation rocks might have participated in petroleum generation in the Uchur–Maya region.
Geopower and Geopolitics in, of, and for the Middle East
Authors: Koch Natalie 
Published: April 2017

In 1976, Michel Foucault gave a unique interview with the editors of the French geography journal, Hérodote. The interviewers pushed him to explicitly reflect on the many spatial concepts that pervade his writing, such as region, province, field, archipelago, and territory. In one reply, Foucault explained:
People have often reproached me for these spatial obsessions, which have indeed been obsessions for me. But I think through them I did come to what I had basically been looking for: the relations that are possible between power and knowledge. Once knowledge can be analyzed in terms of region, domain, implantation, displacement, transposition, one is able to capture the process by which knowledge functions as a form of power and disseminates the effects of power. There is an administration of knowledge, a politics of knowledge, relations of power which pass via knowledge and which, if one tries to transcribe them, lead one to consider forms of domination designated by such notions as field, region and territory.
Embodied Identities in Roman Britain: A Bioarchaeological Approach
Authors: Gowland Rebecca 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACTHuman skeletal remains from Roman Britain are abundant and provide a rich repository of social as well as biological information concerning health, migration, diet and body/society interactions. At present, skeletal remains tend to be marginalised in studies of Roman trade, the military, economy, urbanisation and the like, yet they have huge potential to contribute to current debates. This article aims to highlight the potential of bioarchaeological analysis for understanding aspects of social identity in Roman Britain through the use of a more integrated, theoretical approach towards embodied interactions. It encourages future collaborative scholarship between bioarchaeologists, archaeologists and historians. The social determinants of health and identity will vary greatly between regions and the only way of establishing the diversity of life across the Roman Empire is through the instigation of a more comprehensive, large-scale, integrated study of funerary and skeletal assemblages.
Genetic analysis of the TMEM230 gene in Chinese Han patients with Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Shi Chang-he , Li Fang , Shi Meng-meng , Yang Zhi-hua , Mao Cheng-yuan , Zhang Shu-yu , Wang Hui , Cheng Yuan , Yang Jing , Wu Jun , Xu Yu-ming 
Published: April 2017

AbstractTMEM230 mutations have been recently reported to cause autosomal dominant Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, there are limited studies from different ethnic populations to support the role of TMEM230 in sporadic PD. In this study, we performed a comprehensive TMEM230 mutation screening in 550 sporadic PD patients and 560 controls to elaborate the genetic contribution of TMEM230 to sporadic PD. Overall, we did not find any pathogenic mutations in the coding sequence, while we identified four variants (c.68 + 182G > A, c.78A > G, c.552 + 11A > G and c.174 + 11C > T) both in the patients and controls, and c.68 + 182G > A appeared to be associated with an increased risk of PD (odds ratio 1.782, 95% confidence interval 1.035–3.067, p < 0.05). After Bonferroni correction, however, c. 68 + 182G > A had no significant association with sporadic PD (pc = 0.136, pc > 0.05). Thus our results suggest that TMEM230 gene mutations may be rare in Chinese populations, and the variability of TMEM230 gene may not be a main factor for sporadic PD patients in Chinese Han populations. More evidence is still needed to clarify this question.
The valosin-containing protein is a novel mediator of mitochondrial respiration and cell survival in the heart in vivo
Authors: Lizano Paulo , Rashed Eman , Stoll Shaunrick , Zhou Ning , Wen Hairuo , Hays Tristan T. , Qin Gangjian , Xie Lai-Hua , Depre Christophe , Qiu Hongyu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe valosin-containing protein (VCP) participates in signaling pathways essential for cell homeostasis in multiple tissues, however, its function in the heart in vivo remains unknown. Here we offer the first description of the expression, function and mechanism of action of VCP in the mammalian heart in vivo in both normal and stress conditions. By using a transgenic (TG) mouse with cardiac-specific overexpression (3.5-fold) of VCP, we demonstrate that VCP is a new and powerful mediator of cardiac protection against cell death in vivo, as evidenced by a 50% reduction of infarct size after ischemia/reperfusion versus wild type. We also identify a novel role of VCP in preserving mitochondrial respiration and in preventing the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore in cardiac myocytes under stress. In particular, by genetic deletion of inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) from VCP TG mouse and by pharmacological inhibition of iNOS in isolated cardiac myocytes, we reveal that an increase of expression and activity of iNOS in cardiomyocytes by VCP is an essential mechanistic link of VCP-mediated preservation of mitochondrial function. These data together demonstrate that VCP may represent a novel therapeutic avenue for the prevention of myocardial ischemia.
A New Phenomenon: Sub-Tg, Solid-State, Plasticity-Induced Bonding in Polymers
Authors: Padhye Nikhil , Parks David M. , Trout Bernhardt L. , Slocum Alexander H. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPolymer self-adhesion due to the interdiffusion of macromolecules has been an active area of research for several decades. Here, we report a new phenomenon of sub-Tg, solid-state, plasticity-induced bonding; where amorphous polymeric films were bonded together in a period of time on the order of a second in the solid-state at ambient temperatures, up to 60 K below their glass transition temperature (Tg), by subjecting them to active plastic deformation. Despite the glassy regime, the bulk plastic deformation triggered the requisite molecular mobility of the polymer chains, causing interpenetration across the interfaces held in contact. Quantitative levels of adhesion and the morphologies of the fractured interfaces validated the sub-Tg, plasticity-induced, molecular mobilization causing bonding. No-bonding outcomes (i) during the uniaxial compressive straining of films (a near-hydrostatic setting which strongly limits plastic flow) and (ii) between an ‘elastic’ and a ‘plastic’ film further established the explicit role of plastic deformation in this newly reported sub-Tg solid-state bonding.
An Analytic Approach for Optimal Geometrical Design of GaAs Nanowires for Maximal Light Harvesting in Photovoltaic Cells
Authors: Wu Dan , Tang Xiaohong , Wang Kai , Li Xianqiang 
Published: April 2017

AbstractSemiconductor nanowires(NWs) with subwavelength scale diameters have demonstrated superior light trapping features, which unravel a new pathway for low cost and high efficiency future generation solar cells. Unlike other published work, a fully analytic design is for the first time proposed for optimal geometrical parameters of vertically-aligned GaAs NW arrays for maximal energy harvesting. Using photocurrent density as the light absorbing evaluation standard, 2 μm length NW arrays whose multiple diameters and periodicity are quantitatively identified achieving the maximal value of 29.88 mA/cm2 under solar illumination. It also turns out that our method has wide suitability for single, double and four different diameters of NW arrays for highest photon energy harvesting. To validate this analytical method, intensive numerical three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain simulations of the NWs’ light harvesting are also carried out. Compared with the simulation results, the predicted maximal photocurrent densities lie within 1.5% tolerance for all cases. Along with the high accuracy, through directly disclosing the exact geometrical dimensions of NW arrays, this method provides an effective and efficient route for high performance photovoltaic design.
Salt suppresses IFNγ inducible chemokines through the IFNγ-JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway in proximal tubular cells
Authors: Arai Yohei , Takahashi Daiei , Asano Kenichi , Tanaka Masato , Oda Mayumi , Ko Shigeru B. H. , Ko Minoru S. H. , Mandai Shintaro , Nomura Naohiro , Rai Tatemitsu , Uchida Shinichi , Sohara Eisei 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe mechanisms of immunoactivation by salt are now becoming clearer. However, those of immunosuppression remain unknown. Since clinical evidence indicates that salt protects proximal tubules from injury, we investigated mechanisms responsible for salt causing immunosuppression in proximal tubules. We focused on cytokine-related gene expression profiles in kidneys of mice fed a high salt diet using microarray analysis and found that both an interferon gamma (IFNγ) inducible chemokine, chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 9 (CXCL9), and receptor, CXCR3, were suppressed. We further revealed that a high salt concentration suppressed IFNγ inducible chemokines in HK2 proximal tubular cells. Finally, we demonstrated that a high salt concentration decreased IFNGR1 expression in the basolateral membrane of HK2 cells, leading to decreased phosphorylation of activation sites of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1) and Signal Transducers and Activator of Transcription 1 (STAT1), activators of chemokines. JAK inhibitor canceled the effect of a high salt concentration on STAT1 and chemokines, indicating that the JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathway is essential for this mechanism. In conclusion, a high salt concentration suppresses IFNγ-JAK1-STAT1 signaling pathways and chemokine expressions in proximal tubules. This finding may explain how salt ameliorates proximal tubular injury and offer a new insight into the linkage between salt and immunity.
Graphene oxide as an interface phase between polyetheretherketone and hydroxyapatite for tissue engineering scaffolds
Authors: Peng Shuping , Feng Pei , Wu Ping , Huang Wei , Yang Youwen , Guo Wang , Gao Chengde , Shuai Cijun 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe poor bonding strength between biopolymer and bioceramic has remained an unsolved issue. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was introduced as an interface phase to improve the interfacial bonding between polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and hydroxyapatite (HAP) for tissue engineering scaffolds. On the one hand, the conjugated structure of GO could form strong π-π stacking interaction with the benzene rings in PEEK. On the other hand, GO with a negatively charge resulting from oxygen functional groups could adsorb the positively charged calcium atoms (C sites) of HAP. Consequently, the dispersibility and compatibility of HAP in the PEEK matrix increased with increasing GO content up to 1 wt%. At this time, the compressive strength and modulus of scaffolds increased by 79.45% and 42.07%, respectively. Furthermore, the PEEK-HAP with GO (PEEK-HAP/GO) scaffolds possessed the ability to induce formation of bone-like apatite. And they could support cellular adhesion, proliferation as well as osteogenic differentiation. More importantly,in vivobone defect repair experiments showed that new bone formed throughout the scaffolds at 60 days after implantation. All these results suggested that the PEEK-HAP/GO scaffolds have a promising potential for bone tissue engineering application.