bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A blinded randomised placebo-controlled trial investigating the efficacy of morphine analgesia for procedural pain in infants: Trial protocol
Authors: Slater Rebeccah , Hartley Caroline , Moultrie Fiona , Adams Eleri , Juszczak Ed , Rogers Richard , Norman Jane E. , Patel Chetan , Stanbury Kayleigh , Hoskin Amy , Green Gabrielle ,   Poppi Trial Team
Published: January 2017

Infant pain has both immediate and long-term negative consequences, yet in clinical practice it is often undertreated. To date, few pain-relieving drugs have been tested in infants. Morphine is a potent analgesic that provides effective pain relief in adults, but there is inconclusive evidence for its effectiveness in infants. The purpose of this study is to establish whether oral morphine provides effective analgesia for procedural pain in infants. A blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel-group randomized, phase II, clinical trial will be undertaken to determine whether morphine sulphate administered orally prior to clinically-required retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening and heel lancing provides effective analgesia.  156 infants between 34 and 42 weeks’ gestational age who require a clinical heel lance and ROP screening on the same test occasion will be included in the trial. Infants will be randomised to receive either a single dose of morphine sulphate (100 μg/kg) or placebo. Each infant will be monitored for 48 hours and safety data will be collected during the 24 hours following drug administration. The primary outcome will be the Premature Infant Pain Profile–revised (PIPP-R) score during the 30 second periods after ROP screening. The co-primary outcome will be the magnitude of nociceptive-specific brain activity evoked by a clinically-required heel lance. Infant clinical stability will be assessed by comparing the number of episodes of bradycardia, tachycardia, desaturation and apnoea, and changes in respiratory support requirements in the 24-hour periods before and after the clinical intervention. In addition, drug safety will be assessed by considering the occurrence of apnoeic and hypotensive episodes requiring intervention in the 24-hour period following drug administration. This study has been published as an Accepted Protocol Summary by The Lancet.
Tolerability research of complex antiparasitic preparation «Inspector collar»
Authors: Демин  , Demin A. , Арисов  , Arisov M. , Гламаздин  , Glamazdin Igor , Артемов  , Artemov V. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: To evaluate the tolerability of the drug, “Inspector Collar” based on Fipronil, Pyriproxyfen and Ivermectin in dogs and cats applied at a therapeutic dose and double increased therapeutic doses.
Materials and methods: Research was conducted at the shelter for dogs and cats «Bano Eco» (Moscow). Effect of drug “Inspector Collar” was studied on 15 clinically healthy outbreed dogs between 2 and 6 years with the body mass of 10–14 kg and 15 clinically healthy outbreed cats between 2 and 4 years with the body mass of 2–3,5 kg, receiving complete and balanced nutrition. Animals were divided into six groups (three groups of dogs and three of cats) five animals in each group. Dogs and cats from the first experimental group had put on one collar (equivalent of single therapeutic dose) for 45 days. The second experimental group had put two collars (double therapeutic dose) for 45 days. Animals from the third (control) group did not carry collars. During the experiment, daily supervision of animals was conducted; their general health status, behavior, appetite were observed, body mass and temperature estimated. Before and 15 and 30 days after the beginning of drug application, blood and urine tests were performed to study morphological and biochemical parameters. Statistical processing of data were carried out using Student’s t-test.
Results and discussion: The research results showed that the drug “Inspector Collar” is well tolerated even at double therapeutic dose. All observed indicators remained within the physiological norm.
Determination of fenbendazole and its metabolites in milk by the method of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometry
Authors: Кошеваров  , Koshevarov N. , Абрамов  , Abramov S. , Абрамова  , Abramova E. , Мисюра  , Misyura N. , Абрамов  , Abramov V. , Варламова  , Varlamova A. , Кочетков  , Kochetkov P. , Архипов  , Arkhipov I. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: Development of methods for the determination of fenbendazole and its metabolites in milk by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry.
Materials and methods: Fenbendazole was administered orally to five cows. Samples of milk were taken on 1, 3, 5 and 10 days of drug application. The research method includes a description of reagents, plates and equipment; mass-spectrometric conditions for analysis of fenbendazole and its metabolites; preparation of the equipment to operation; preparation of eluent solution; preparation of the chromatograph to analysis; determination of chromatographic parameters of standard drug samples; preparation of milk samples to analysis; establishment of parameters of extracts’ chromatography; procedure of calibration of fenbendazole and its metabolites in eluent.
Results and discussion: When studying the pharmacokinetics of fenbendazole and its metabolites (sulfone and sulfoxide) in milk, it was found that the maximal concentrations were determined 24 h after drug administration and were 22,6 ng/ml for fenbendazole sulfone, 34,0 ng/ml for fenbendazole sulfoxide and 19,7 ng/ml for fenbendazole. 10 days after treatment, the concentrations of fenbendazole and its metabolites in milk did not exceed permitted values.
Assessment of effects of drugs Aversect Forte and Aversect Combi on embryonic development of the rat
Authors: Семенова  , Semenova M. , Ковешникова  , Koveshnikova E. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research: To estimate the effect of new combination drugs Aversect Forte and Aversect Combi on rats.
Materials and methods: The present experiment for the evaluation of eventual embyotoxic and teratogenic properties of drugs Aversect Forte and Aversect Combi was conducted on 32 female and 8 male rats based on the current methodological guidelines. Pregnant female rats were divided into 2 experimental and 2 control groups. Drugs were applied between the 7th and the 14th day of pregnancy taking into account the highest sensitivity of embryos towards different types of influence within this time period.
Aversect Forte and Aversect Combi were injected to pregnant rats subcutaneously at a dose of 0,3 mg a.i./kg of individual body weight. Rats from the control group received a forming mixture in comparable volume. Within the whole period of pregnancy, we observed the general clinical condition of female rats.
Results and discussion: Effects of new domestic preparations Aversect Forte and Aversect Combi on the antenatal development of the rat via subcutaneous injection of preparations to female rats at a dose of 0,3 mg a.i./kg between the 7th and the 14th day of pregnancy were estimated. The test preparations did not cause any external and internal developmental anomalies; indicators of embryo death, mass and dimensions of embryos were at the actual level of control and physiological parameters for that type of animals.
The conceptual basis of integrated, environmentally friendly system for the protection of major crops from cyst nematodes
Authors: Бабич  , Babich A. , Бабич  , Babich A. 
Published: January 2017

Objective of research. To elaborate a framework for integrated protection of agricultural crops from oat, sugar beet, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover nematodes.
Materials and methods. The effectiveness of different anti-nematode measures was studied in 1991-2016 in Vinnyza, Kiev, Sumy, Chernigov and other regions of Ukraine. As research material served samples of soil, plants; eggs, larvae, imago; beet, oat, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover cyst nematodes. Preparation of temporary and permanent slides, determination of the species composition of cyst nematodes were carried out by standard methods [3, 6].
Results and discussion. The framework of integrated protection of agricultural crops from oat, sugar beet, Golden potato, alfalfa and clover nematodes has been elaborated. To prevent mass reproduction of cyst-forming nematodes, the saturation of crop rotations with host plants must not exceed 40% — with cereal grains; 20% — beet and oilseed Brassica (canola, radish, and mustard); 15% — potatoes; 20% — perennial legumes. Involvement of crops and green manure in the by-products cycle has a positive effect on the level of soil fertility and activation of life activity of natural antagonists of Heteroderidae
The Making of the Shareholder Primacy Governance Model: Price Theory, the Law and Economics School, and Corporate Law Retrenchment Advocacy
Authors: Styhre Alexander 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Shareholder welfare (also addressed as shareholder primacy and shareholder value in the corporate governance and economics theory literature, and here used interchangeably with the more generic term shareholder welfare) has been fortified in the present regime of investor capitalism and is today widely normalized and taken for granted. However, when examining the theoretical tenets, operative methodologies, and stated preferences regarding the virtues of efficiency as a primary economic objective, and wider assumptions regarding alleged costs generated in the corporate system on the basis of managerial discretion and extant corporate legislation and court rulings, the advocacy of the benefits of shareholder welfare is compromised considerably; i. e., it is based on unjustified preferences and far from irrefutable propositions. Tracing the roots of agency theory and its forceful defence of shareholder welfare back to Chicago economics price theory and its application in law and economics scholarship, instituted in the early 1960s, theoretical inconsistencies in the predominant corporate governance model are demonstrated, accompanied by empirical materials that discredit the claim that the market for corporate control can replace, at low cost, the management discretion governance model. The study thus contributes to the critique of the role of shareholder welfare advocacy in investor capitalism.
The Algebraic Operations and Their Implementation Based on a Two-Layer Cloud Data Model
Authors: Li Ying , Dong Baotian 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The existing cloud data models cannot meet the management requirements of structured data very well including a great deal of relational data, therefore a two-layer cloud data model is proposed. The composite object is defined to model the nested data in the representation layer, while a 4-tuple is defined to model the non-nested data in the storage layer. Referring the relational algebra, the concept of SNO (Simple Nested Object) is defined as basic operational unit of the algebraic operations; the formal definitions of the algebraic operations consisting of the set operations and the query operations on the representation layer are proposed. The algorithm of extracting all SNOs from a CAO (Component-Attribute-Object) set of a composite object is proposed firstly as the foundation, and then as the idea; the pseudo code implementation of algorithms of the algebraic operations on the storage layer are proposed. Logic proof and example proof indicate that the definition and the algorithms of the algebraic operations are correct.
Analysis of Various ESDD of Contaminant Insulator Flashover Acoustic Signal by Wavelet Packet
Authors: Wang Hong Kun , Wang Shou Xiang , Nie Jing 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
With the formation of China’s large power grid, the security of the network is particularly important. The contaminant flashover of insulators has a serious impact on the operation safety of a high voltage power network. In this paper, the acoustic signals’ characteristics of the contaminant insulators flashover are analyzed, and, as a result, the correlation between the acoustic signal and the contaminant insulator flashover is established. To experiment with contaminant insulator for three different Equivalent Salt Deposit Densities (ESDD), acoustic signals were collected separately. Then, the contaminant insulators’ acoustic signals of flashover were analyzed by wavelet packet. The characteristics of the signals were obtained, and they can be judged for contaminant flashover warning.
The Predictors of the Willingness to Recommend a Visit for Diversified Tourism Attractions
Authors: Lesjak Miha , Navrátil Josef , Pícha Kamil , White Baravalle Gilliam Vivian L. 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
The predictors of a positive word-of-mouth experience as an important destination loyalty factor among tourist in the Šumava and South Bohemian Touristic Regions were studied via structural equation modelling. The perception of quality, on-site experience, and the perception of value as the mediators between the motivation to visit and the word-of-mouth experience were studied. The pleasant ‘natural’ environment, the history, the accessibility, and the closeness were found as the pull motivation factors. Social gathering, education, self-reflection, and relaxation were revealed as the push motivation factors. Speaking of the common-place factors, the complexity, the novelty, and the density were all identified as factors of perception of the visited environment. The on-site experience is given by pleasure, arousal, and dominance feelings. The model ‘motivation to visit → quality of environment → on-site experience → perceived value of environment → satisfaction with visit → willingness to recommend the visit’ was found as being appropriate for the collected data.
Destination Quality Perception in the Context of Different Behavioural Characteristics of Visitors
Authors: Ryglová Kateřina , Vajčnerová Ida , Šácha Jakub 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
Visitors’ perceptions of the quality of a tourism destination are fundamental for effective destination management and marketing. This paper deals with the topic of destination quality from the viewpoint of demand, i.e. from the viewpoint of a destination visitor. The results of perceiving the destination quality partial factors in the context of different behavioural characteristics of a visitor are presented, particularly, the way how spending and organizing a holiday influences the perception of destination quality factors (Kruskal-Wallis test). The research nineteen factors were designed on the basis of contemporary theories and on qualitative research. Some important quality aspects related to tourism were identified and assessed for the Czech population. The primary data were obtained through a questionnaire survey with quota sampling (n = 1097). The dependence of destination quality perception on the way of spending the holiday was revealed in the case of 8 factors (e.g., Availability of transportation to the destination, Availability and quality of information; Additional infrastructure, Sense of security, Destination cleanliness, Uniqueness of destination, Price level in the destination, Cultural monuments). The significant differences identified among various groups of respondents are described in detail in this study. The research findings contribute to better understanding of the behavioural mechanism and can be used by destination managers to design communication strategies for different segments of consumers for individual destinations to improve their competiveness.
Optimization of microfluidic gallotannic acid extraction using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm
Authors: Yasemi Mahnaz , Rahimi Masoud , Heydarinasab Amir , Ardjmand Mehdi 
Published: January 2017

Abstract:
The current study presents the outcomes of modeling and optimizing extraction of gallotannic acid from Quercus leaves using a microfluidic system. In this study, the effects of various experimental parameters were investigated using the method of design expert. Number of experiments suggested is 31 by central composite design of Design Expert. The experimental results of design expert were analyzed by artificial neural network (ANN). Based on the results of ANN, independent variables experiment: temperature (T), flow rate ratio (FR) and pH have shown a negative effect on extraction yield (dependent variable), while the residence time (RT) has shown a positive effect. In trained network,
${R^2} = 0.9805$
and RMSE = 0.0166 shows good agreement between the predicted values of ANN and experimental results. Optimum extraction conditions, to reach maximum yield by genetic algorithms (GA), were FR = 0.53, RT = 26.4, pH = 2.06 and T = 21.44
${R^2} = 0.9805$
. The extraction yield under the optimum predicated conditions was 96.4 %, which was well matched with the experimental value 95.01 %
$\pm 0.63$
. Based on the obtained results, it was found that the ANN model could be employed successfully in estimating the gallotannic acid extraction efficiency using microfluidic extraction method.
Evaluation of a community-based positive youth development program for adolescents with greater psychosocial needs: views of the program participants
Authors: Shek Daniel T.L. , Ma Cecilia M.S. , Law Moon Y.M. , Zhao Zoe 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe present study attempted to investigate the perceptions of Chinese secondary school students with greater psychosocial needs of the Tier 2 Program in the community-based phase of P.A.T.H.S. Project in Hong Kong (n=4245). Using a subjective outcome evaluation tool (Form C), the results revealed that a great majority of the students held positive attitudes toward the program, implementers and the effectiveness of the program. Also, the three domains of the program (“program quality”, “implementer quality” and “program effectiveness”) were significantly associated with each other. In line with previous findings, both program content and program implementer quality were significant predictors of program effectiveness. The current findings further reinforce the thesis that the community-based Tier 2 programs of the P.A.T.H.S. Project are effective in promoting the holistic development of adolescents with greater psychosocial needs in Hong Kong.
Generation Efficiency of the Hydroxyl Radical Adduct of the DMPO Spin Trap in Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Media
Authors: Sun Lizhong , Hoy Aitken R. , Bolton James R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe generation efficiency of the hydroxyl radical adduct (DMPO-OH) from the spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1- pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) has been determined, both in a homogeneous system (H
Plasma Assisted Oxidation of Propene
Authors: Hsiao Mark C. , Merritt Bernard T. , Penetrante Bernie M. , Vogtlin George E. , Wallman P. Henrik , Tonkyn Russell G. , Shah Rahul R. , Orlando Thomas M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractNon-thermal plasma processing is an innovative technique for pollutant abatement. This approach involves the use of electrical energy for the production of free radicals which then react with the pollutant molecules. We have studied the oxidation of propene as a prototype hydrocarbon using a packed bed dielectric-barrier discharge reactor to generate the non-thermal plasma. We report the effect of three different types of material filling the reactor: glass, zirconia, and titania. The titania filled reactor shows the greatest selectivity for producing CO
Kinetic Modeling of Free-Radical Water Treatment Processes: Pitfalls, Practicality, and the Extension of the Hoigné/ Bader/ Staehelin Model
Authors: Peyton Gary R. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe chemistry involved in free-radical water treatment processes (AOPs) is sufficiently complex that true optimization of the processes is often difficult without the use of kinetic models to allow simulation of the treatment process and optimization via “computer experiments.” Powerful software is now widely available for numerical integration of complex sets of rate equations, such as are encountered in simulations of water treatment using AOPs. However, limited availability of the required rate constants poses a serious barrier to performing meaningful calculations. This problem cannot, in general, be solved by simply using rate constants as optimization parameters in a fit of the experimental data to the chosen equation set. A simpler “semi-empirical” model based on the concept of efficiency was developed, using the work of Hoigne, Bader, and Staehelin during the period 1977-1985 as a starting point. This model was shown to be useful in AOP process optimization, by allowing the identification of reaction steps for which the efficiency can be improved, evaluation of "generic" hydroxyl radical rate constants for complex environmental matrices, and determination of the importance of reactive species other than hydroxyl radical.
Free Radicals Generated in Photocatalytic Oxidation of Some Amines and Diamines
Authors: Chen Ciping , Lu Daohui , Xu Guangzhi 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFree radical intermediates produced during photocatalytic oxidation of some typical amines and diamines were investigated by a spin trapping technique. The EPR spectra of N-centered radical adduct and Ccentered radical adduct were observed. Experimental results disclose that these radicals are participants in the initial steps of photodegradation of these compounds. A mechanism which is consistent with the observation of these radical species is discussed.
Electron Beam Treatment of Flue Gas with High Content of SO2
Authors: Chmielcwski A. G. , Zimek Z. , Bulka S. , Licki J. , Piderit G. , Villanueva L. , Ahumada L. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractFlue gas containing high concentrations of sulfur dioxide (up to 15%) was used to investigation the possibility of applying the electron beam process for SO
Removal of NOx from Dry Air by a Pulsed Corona Discharge with Magnetic Field
Authors: Park Jae-youn , Kim Geon-ho , Kim Jong-dal , Koh Hee-seog , Lee Duck-chul 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe effect of magnetic field on NOx removal characteristics of the Multipins-plate plasma reactor was experimentally investigated. Experiments were conducted for the simulated flue gas (NO: 0.17 %, N
Effect of Gas Temperature on Pulsed Corona Discharge Processing of Acetone, Benzene and Ethylene
Authors: Hsiao M.C. , Penetrante B. M. , Merritt B. T. , Vogtlin G. E. , Wallman P.H. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractExperiments on the plasma-assisted oxidation of dilute concentrations of acetone, benzene, and ethylene in atmospheric pressure gas streams by pulsed corona electrical discharge processing show that temperature influences the oxidation chemistry. In dry air mixtures, the main oxidation products are CO and CO
Decontamination of Soil Contaminated with Aroclor 1260 Using a Solvent Extraction Process and γ-Ray Radiolysis
Authors: Curry Randy D. , Clevenger Thomas , Stancu-Ciolac Oana , Farmer John , Mincher B. J. , Kapila Shubhender 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRadiolytic dechlorination of halogenated organic compounds in soil has proved to require large γ-ray doses. In collaboration with INEEL, the University of Missouri investigated a new approach for the dechlorination of polychlorinated biphenyls in soil. The chemistry of an existing solvent extraction-floatation process was modified and then used to desorb Aroclor 1260 from a soil matrix. The chemistry of the floatation process was tailored to allow radiolytic dechlorination of the Aroclor 1260 once it was desorbed into the floatant. For the process, Soltrol 130 and an alcohol solution were used as the solvent-extractant. The efficiency of using gamma radiolysis to dechlorinate the Aroclor 1260-floatant solution was investigated using a Co-60 source located at the University's Research Reactor. When Aroclor 1260 was desorbed from the soil surface with the floatation process and irradiated, the dose constant (efficiency) was 40 times greater than when soil was irradiated alone.