bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
9 to 5 or a new‐normal? Cluster analysis of pre and post pandemic vehicle and cycle diurnal flow profiles
Authors: Burke Matthew Edward , Bell Margaret , Dissanayake Dilum 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCommuting traffic associated with the “9 to 5” workday shaped the morning and evening peaks across the world. The COVID‐19 pandemic led to unprecedented changes in travel behaviour such as an increase in cyclists and telecommuting, where employees worked from home during lockdown periods. Transport modellers, planners and policy makers need to know whether the 9 to 5 has returned, or we have entered a “New‐normal” of more flexible working arrangements and increased cycling, key for delivering sustainability targets. In this research, the unsupervised machine learning technique k‐means clustering investigates temporal patterns across the day and week, comparing the pre‐ and post‐pandemic era across both motorised vehicles and bicycles. Results show that the total daily traffic flow has returned to pre‐pandemic volumes, but more spread across the day. Mondays and Fridays have less‐pronounced peaks compared to pre‐pandemic, having implications for air quality modelling and assessment, traffic management and transport planning. Meanwhile, cycling has increased in volume and the time‐of‐day people are travelling has changed. Policy makers need to consider whether the additional capacity on the road, brought about by reduced peak traffic, could be reallocated to make roads safer for and reduce delay to cyclists, contributing towards net zero goals.
Nuklearmedizinische Funktionsdiagnostik in der Kardiologie
Authors: Diekmann Johanna , Bengel Frank M 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungHerz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen sind die häufigste Todesursache in Deutschland. In Kombination ermöglichen klinische Kriterien und geeignete Bildgebungsverfahren eine präzise Diagnosefindung und führen zur Einleitung einer passenden Therapie. Nuklearmedizinische bildgebende Verfahren sind Funktionsuntersuchungen, die biologische Prozesse sichtbar machen. Dieser Beitrag bietet eine Übersicht aktueller nuklearmedizinischer Bildgebungsmethoden für kardiale Fragestellungen.
Implantation einer inversen Schulterendoprothese unter Verwendung der Navigation
Authors: Rolf Olaf , Blana Andreas , Hagedorn Philipp 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Implantation einer inversen Schulterendoprothese (TEP) stellt eine bewährte Methode zur Schmerzlinderung und Schulterfunktionsverbesserung dar. Die Ergebnisse variieren je nach Patientenalter, Krankheitsgrad und Erfahrung des Operateurs. Indikationen für eine inverse TEP sind vielfältig, von der Defektarthropathie bis hin zu Frakturen. Aktuelle Studien zeigen verbesserte Überlebensraten und reduzierte Komplikationen nach primärer Implantation. Die präoperative Planung mittels 3-D-CT oder MRT gilt als Goldstandard. Patientenspezifische Instrumente (PSI) wurden eingeführt, sind jedoch mit Kosten und Wartezeit verbunden. Die Navigation mit „Augmented Reality“ (AR) bietet eine effizientere Alternative. Die intraoperative Übertragung der Planung auf den Patienten erfolgt über AR-Brillen und ermöglicht Echtzeitinformationen, wodurch der Chirurg den Blick vom Situs nicht abwenden muss. Dies optimiert den Workflow und bietet potenziell präzisere Implantationsresultate.
Zusammenfassend bietet die Kombination von 3-D-Planung, Navigation und AR eine vielversprechende Methode für präzise und effiziente Implantationen von inversen Schulterendoprothesen. Allerdings steht der Nachweis verbesserter Standzeiten und Funktionsscores noch aus.
Allgemeine Abschätzung des kardiovaskulären Risikos
Authors: Gielen Stephan , Bagdoniene Irma , Wienbergen Harm 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungValidierte Scores zur Bestimmung des kardiovaskulären Risikos erlauben es, die Individuen zu identifizieren, die von präventiven Interventionen am meisten profitieren. Daneben verdeutlichen sie auf individueller Basis die Folgen ungesunden Lebensstils und die Risikoreduktion durch zielgerichtete Anpassung (z.B. LDL-C-Reduktion). Scores sind damit ein wichtiges Instrument zur Motivation von Patienten, ihr Risikoprofil zu verbessern.
Optimierung von Prozessen auf einer
Schwerbrandverletztenintensivstation durch Etablierung eines digitalen
Managementsystems
Authors: Schmidt Sonja Verena , Drysch Marius , Steubing Yonca , Wallner Christoph , Lehnhardt Marcus , Schoeffski Oliver , Reinkemeier Felix 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Behandlung Schwerbrandverletzter ist anspruchsvoll und
erfordert spezialisierte Zentren, die eine adäquate Therapie über einen Zeitraum
von bis zu mehreren Monaten gewährleisten können. Die Etablierung von digitalen
Managementsystemen auf Intensivstationen markiert einen immensen Fortschritt in
der modernen Gesundheitsversorgung. Die Einführung eines solchen Systems auf
einer spezialisierten Intensivstation für Schwerbrandverletzte bietet diverse
Möglichkeiten zur Optimierung, aber auch mögliche Hindernisse. Diese Studie soll
einen Überblick über die Wahrnehmung der Veränderungen aus Sicht der
Mitarbeitenden geben und die Einführung digitaler Systeme im
intensivmedizinischen Bereich diskutieren.
Methode Nach der Stichprobenauswahl mittels selektiven Samplings wurden
die Auswirkungen eines digitalen Managementsystems in verschiedenen Kategorien
betrachtet. Die Daten, die durch einen Fragebogen und kurze Interviews gesammelt
wurden, wurden hinsichtlich der Durchschnittswerte in jeder Kategorie
ausgewertet, wobei die Interpretationen Merkmale wie Berufsgruppe und
Berufserfahrung berücksichtigen.
Ergebnisse Insgesamt wird das digitale Managementsystem sowohl ärztlicher-
als auch pflegerischerseits als geeignet für die Arbeit auf der
Schwerbrandverletztenintensivstation eingeschätzt, wobei besonders die stetige
Vitalparametererfassung und die Reduktion der Fehlerquote bei
Medikamentenverabreichungen positiv hervorgehoben werden. Negativ werden jedoch
die Erfassung von Verbrennungswunden und die spezialisierte Dokumentation von
Verbrennungspatientinnen und -patienten angemerkt.
Schlussfolgerung Neben verschiedenen Faktoren, die hinsichtlich der
Nutzbarkeit des Programms eine Rolle spielen, wie die Berufserfahrung, die Größe
des Teams oder des zu behandelnden Patientenklientels, werden zwar einzelne
verbesserungsfähige Aspekte herausgearbeitet, zusammenfassend lässt sich jedoch
sagen, dass der Konsens hinsichtlich der Einführung eines solchen Systems auf
der Intensivstation positiv und zustimmend war. Als Fazit kann zudem jedoch
festgehalten werden, dass das System für eine allgemeine chirurgische
Intensivstation deutlich effektiver beschrieben wird als für eine spezialisierte
Intensivstation, wie für Schwerbrandverletzte.
Compartment Syndrome in Association with Tibial Plateau Fracture: Standardized Protocols Ensure Optimal Outcomes
Authors: Schwartz Luke , Parola Rown , Ganta Abhishek , Konda Sanjit , Rivero Steven , Egol Kenneth A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to report on the treatment, results, and longer-term outcomes of patients who sustained a tibial plateau fracture with an associated leg compartment syndrome (CS). A total of 766 patients who sustained 766 tibial plateau fractures met inclusion criteria. Fourteen patients (1.8%) were diagnosed with CS in association with a tibial plateau fracture during their initial hospitalization, 13 at the time of presentation and 1 delayed. The treatment protocol consisted of initial external fixation and fasciotomy, followed by irrigation and debridement, and eventual closure. Fasciotomy cases included 2/14 (14.3%) single incision approaches and 12/14 (85.7%) dual incision approaches. Operative treatment of the tibial plateau fracture was performed at the time of final closure or once soft tissues were permitted. One case of CS that developed following definitive fixation was treated with fasciotomy and delayed primary closure after initial stabilization. Ten (71.4%) were available at 1-year follow-up. We compared these 10 cases to the patients with operative tibial plateau fractures without CS to assess for surgical, radiographic, clinical, and functional outcomes. We used a propensity match based on age, body mass index, sex, Charleson comorbidity index, and fracture type to reduce the presence of confounding biases. Standard statistical methods were employed. Those in the CS cohort were younger males (p < 0.05). At latest follow-up, function did not differ between those in the CS group compared with the non-CS cohort (p > 0.05). Clinically, knee flexion (130.7 vs. 126; p = 0.548), residual depression (0.5 vs. 0.2; p = 0.365), knee alignment (87.7 vs. 88.3; p = 0.470), and visual analog scale pain scores (3.0 vs. 2.4; p = 0.763) did not differ between the cohorts. Although infection was higher in the CS cohort, the overall complication rates did not differ between the CS patients and non-CS cohort (p > 0.05). Early identification and standardized treatment protocols for the management of CS that develops in association with a tibial plateau fracture lead to outcome scores that were not significantly different from patients who did not develop CS.
Unleashing the potential: a quest to understand and examine the factors enriching research and innovation productivities of South Asian universities
Authors: Javed Saima , Rong Yu , Zafeer Hafiz Muhammad Ihsan , Maqbool Samra , Abbasi Babar Nawaz 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSouth Asian universities play a crucial role in driving economic development through research and innovation. However, these institutions often face challenges that hinder their productivity in these areas. To address these challenges, this study aims to understand and examine the factors enhancing research and innovation productivity in universities across South Asian countries, specifically Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Using panel data from 2009 to 2021, the study employs the newly developed dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE) approach by Chudik and Pesaran (2015a). The results revealed that the factors found to be enriching research productivity, though the impact is negligible, are patent rights, funding for tertiary education, information technology, and publications. However, tertiary school enrollment is not a significant factor. On the other hand, for innovation productivity, the influencing factors with a negligible impact are patent rights, funding for tertiary education, and information technology. In this case, neither tertiary school enrollment nor publications play a significant role. Furthermore, the research productivity of the universities in South Asian countries is negligibly stimulating the countries’ GDP per capita, while the innovation productivity of the universities is not. Moreover, examining these relations using models such as mean group (MG), pooled mean group (PMG), and augmented mean group (AMG) can produce misleading results due to cross-sectional dependence among the units. Nonetheless, PMG outperformed AMG, followed by MG. Policy recommendations were suggested based on the findings.
A novel testing method for ultra-low-frequency vibration signal based on passive radio frequency tag sensing
Authors: Lou Litai , Yang Jianhua , Ma Kaixuan , Gong Tao , Wang Zhongqiu , Li Baofeng 
Published: September 2024

Ultra-low-frequency vibration is prevalent in many critical research fields. Nevertheless, for ultra-low-frequency vibration signals below 1 Hz, there is currently a lack of a cost-effective and efficient measurement method. A new ultra-low-frequency vibration signal testing method based on the passive radio frequency tag phase is proposed using the Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensing method. By employing vibration detection on ultra-low-frequency vibration signals, the effectiveness of the proposed approach across different frequencies is validated while thoroughly considering factors such as measurement range, precision, distance, and occlusion effects. The results indicate that this method can accurately measure ultra-low frequency vibration signals as low as 0.01 Hz, with an average relative error of only less than 1.5% for all measurement results, and the error decreases with increasing detection frequency. For the measurement of a 1 Hz vibration signal, the average relative error is less than 1%. In addition, the measurement accuracy remains unaffected by distance or occlusion. Sensitivity and stability tests are also conducted. Continuous monitoring for 8 hours demonstrates the excellent measurement stability of the proposed method. Finally, a performance comparison has been made with laser displacement sensors commonly used in non-contact ultra-low-frequency measurement methods. The results show that the RFID sensing method can detect lower vibration frequencies and has a larger amplitude measurement range and better environmental adaptability. Overall, for ultra-low-frequency vibration, this method offers advantages such as high precision, passive non-contact operation, non-line-of-sight path monitoring, affordability, and convenience. These attributes render it suitable for extensive application in various engineering scenarios requiring ultra-low-frequency vibration testing.
Molecular insights into methane hydrate dissociation: Role of methane nanobubble formation
Authors: Moorjani Bhavesh , Adhikari Jhumpa , Hait Samik 
Published: September 2024

Understanding the underlying physics of natural gas hydrate dissociation is necessary for efficient CH4 extraction and in the exploration of potential additives in the chemical injection method. Silica being “sand” is already present inside the reservoir, making the silica nanoparticle a potential green additive. Here, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to investigate the dissociation of the CH4 hydrate in the presence and absence of ∼1, ∼2, and ∼3 nm diameter hydrophilic silica nanoparticles at 100 bar and 310 K. We find that the formation of a CH4 nanobubble has a strong influence on the dissociation rate. After the initial hydrate dissociation, the rate of dissociation slows down till the formation of a CH4 nanobubble. We find the critical concentration and size limit to form the CH4 nanobubble to be ∼0.04 mole fraction of CH4 and ∼40 to 50 CH4 molecules, respectively. The solubility of CH4 and the chemical potential of H2O and CH4 are determined via Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. The liquid phase chemical potential of both H2O and CH4 in the presence and absence of the nanoparticle is nearly the same, indicating that the effect of this additive will not be significant. While the formation of the hydration shell around the nanoparticle via hydrogen bonding confirms the strength of interactions between the water molecules and the nanoparticle in our MD simulations, the contact of the nanoparticle with the interface is infrequent, leading to no explicit effect of the nanoparticle on the dynamics of methane hydrate dissociation.
“Biden’s Saigon”
Authors: Pjesivac Ivanka , Imre Iveta , Klein Leslie , Petrov Ana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study examined the Russian state-sponsored outlet “Sputnik’s” metaphorical use in covering American
withdrawal from Afghanistan to explain rhetorical devices used to disseminate discourse about Russia’s geo-political rival, the
United States. Using the Metaphor Identification Procedure (MIP), the study analyzed 28 main metaphors and metaphorical
expressions in “Sputnik’s” coverage during the week of the American pullout. Metaphors such as Biden’s Saigon, puppet
government, or Night of the Long Knives suggest the existence of a discourse criticizing the rival
and historicizing the event. The results are interpreted in light of using metaphors in the media’s conflict coverage.
Distribution of angular momenta ML and MS in non-relativistic configurations: statistical analysis using cumulants and Gram–Charlier series
Authors: Pain Jean-Christophe , Poirier Michel 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The distributions

P
(

M
L

,

M
S

)

of the total magnetic quantum numbers ML
and MS
for N electrons of angular momentum

ℓ

, as well as the enumeration of LS spectroscopic terms and spectral lines, are crucial for the calculation of atomic structure and spectra, in particular for the modeling of emission or absorption properties of hot plasmas. However, no explicit formula for

P
(

M
L

,

M
S

)

is known yet. In the present work, we show that the generating function for the cumulants, which characterize the distribution, obeys a recurrence relation, similar to the Newton–Girard identities relating elementary symmetric polynomials to power sums. This enables us to provide an explicit formula for the generating function. We also analyze the possibility of representing the

P
(

M
L

,

M
S

)

distribution by a bi-variate Gram–Charlier series, which coefficients are obtained from the knowledge of the exact moments of

P
(

M
L

,

M
S

)

. It is shown that a simple approximation is obtained by truncating this series to the first few terms, though it is not convergent.
Intrinsic exchange bias from interfacial reconstruction in an epitaxial NixCoyFe3−x−yO4(111)/α-Al2O3(0001) thin film family
Authors: Yang Detian , Liu Yaohua , Xu Xiaoshan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIntrinsic exchange bias is known as the unidirectional exchange anisotropy that emerges in a nominally single-component ferro-(ferri-)magnetic system. In this work, with magnetic and structural characterizations, we demonstrate that intrinsic exchange bias is a general phenomenon in (Ni, Co, Fe)-based spinel oxide films deposited onα-Al2O3(0001) substrates, due to the emergence of a rock-salt interfacial layer consisting of antiferromagnetic CoO from interfacial reconstruction. We show that in NixCoyFe3−x−yO4(111)/α-Al2O3(0001) films, intrinsic exchange bias and interfacial reconstruction have consistent dependences on Co concentrationy, while the Ni and Fe concentration appears to be less important. This work establishes a family of intrinsic exchange bias materials with great tunability by stoichiometry and highlights the strategy of interface engineering in controlling material functionalities.
Reconstruction method of high-precision longwall mining floor curved surface model driven by data points fitting of equipment
Authors: Zheng Ziying , Xie Jiacheng , Fang Shukai , Wang Yichen , Wang Yirong , Wang Xuewen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
High-precision coal seam model is the basis of intelligent mining. The longwall mining face floor model, which can provide data sources for the correction of the dynamic coal seam model, is difficult to measurement directly. To address this issue, this paper proposes a high-precision coal seam surface model reconstruction and correction method based on a large number of operating data points. Firstly, the coupling model of equipment and floor is obtained based on the coupling model of plane and surface. Subsequently, the plane data points of the equipment are corrected based on the coupling model of equipment and floor to obtain the floor reconstruction points. The Catmull–Clark surface subdivision method is then used to subdivide the plane formed by the equipment data points to obtain surface subdivision points. The floor model reconstructed using surface data points is validated and corrected using the physics engine in the Unity 3d platform. Finally, the verification of the reconstruction point selection method, the coupling principle between the equipment and the floor model, the reconstruction accuracy of the base plate and the correction principle were carried out based on the equipment and floor model in the laboratory. The experimental results show the feasibility of the floor reconstruction, verification and correction method, which can provide a new idea for the reconstruction of the floor of the longwall mining face and the correction of the dynamic coal seam.
SPRout-DBN: a cross domain bearing fault diagnosis method based on spatial pyramid pooling residual network-DBN
Authors: Lin Daxuan , Jiao Weidong , Dong Zhilin , Rehman Attiq Ur , Wang Wenjie , Jiang Yonghua , Sun Jianfeng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Effectively leveraging the spatial features of time series signals to improve the accuracy of bearing fault classification in neural networks presents a significant challenge. To address this issue of different operating conditions, a novel model termed spatial pyramid pooling residual network-deep belief network (SPRout-DBN) is proposed. First and foremost, the Gramian angular difference fields (GADF) are utilized to encode original vibration signals of bearings. Secondly, two-dimensional images transformed by GADF from original signals are input to a novel designed residual network with spatial pyramid pooling to extract fixed-size temporal fusion feature vectors. Finally, a deep belief network is employed for classification and cross-domain learning, enabling the identification of fault samples under varying operating conditions. The proposed method is validated by two sets of datasets from Case Western Reserve University and Jiangnan University, achieving accuracies of 99.81% and 99.0% under identical operating conditions, and 99.41% and 98.43% under different operating conditions with 40 samples. Comparative analysis indicates that the proposed SPRout-DBN remains more robust and effective compared with other methods such as K-nearest neighbors, support vector machines, LeNet-5, ResNet-18, domain adaptation networks, and domain-adversarial neural networks in diverse operating environments.
GSMS: a goaf scanning and modeling system for underground mines based on a quadruped robot
Authors: Xi Mengnan , Peng Pingan , Wang Liguan , Wang Jiaheng , Pan Jin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Underground mining creates goafs, impacting resource extraction and safety. To address the issues of low efficiency and high reliance on manual operations in traditional techniques, this paper proposes a goaf scanning and modeling system (GSMS) for underground mine based on a quadruped robot. This system performs three-dimensional modeling of goafs through two main modules: frontend mapping and backend optimization, and evaluates the modeling accuracy using a multi-dimensional precision evaluation module. To validate the effectiveness of this system, both simulation and field experiments were conducted. The experimental results indicate that the goaf models established using GSMS achieved a level of accuracy comparable to traditional methods: the volume error of the constructed goaf models compared to the reference models was less than 3%, and the average profile contour similarity exceeded 98%.