bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What influences the decision to undergo rotator cuff repair surgery: A survey of clinician's perspectives
Authors: Pitt Lisa , Mazuquin Bruno , Littlewood Chris 
Published: October 2024

Background Many factors may influence a patient's decision to undergo rotator cuff repair surgery. The aim of this survey was to understand from a clinician's perspective how different factors influence the likelihood of a patient undergoing a repair. Methods An online survey presenting a range of clinical scenarios was distributed through professional networks to understand how each patient related factor influenced the likelihood of a patient undergoing a rotator cuff repair. Results One hundred three clinicians completed the survey. Clinicians indicated that patients were more likely to undergo a repair if they were younger, had a traumatic or larger tear, high pain levels (64.1%), high functional demands (93.2%), and arm weakness (86.4%). Surgery was less likely in older patients who had degenerative or smaller tears, diabetics (62.1%), smokers (78.9%) and those with high body mass index (57.3%). 74.8% of clinicians indicated a repair was more likely if the patient expected that surgery was required to improve symptoms. Discussion From a clinician's perspective, the decision to undergo surgery is complex, it is influenced by onset, age, tear size and other health related factors. Patient expectations of treatment also appear to influence the decision, and this is an area that needs further exploration.
Comparative safety of novel targeted therapies in relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a network meta-analysis
Authors: Monica Magdalena , Reczek Monika , Kawalec Paweł 
Published: October 2024

Background: The emergence of new antileukemic drugs, including Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors (BTKis), phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors (PI3Kis), and B-cell lymphoma 2 antagonists (BCL-2a), has significantly improved the outcomes for patients with relapsed/refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Despite advances in treatment efficacy, the comprehensive safety profile of these novel agents versus traditional chemotherapy and immunotherapy has not been adequately explored, and there have been few direct comparisons. Objectives: This study aimed to compare the safety profiles of novel therapeutic agents, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL using a Bayesian network meta-analysis (NMA). Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify randomized clinical trials on relapsed/refractory CLL. The search encompassed major medical databases (MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL) and gray literature, with the aim to integrate the findings into a Bayesian NMA framework for safety outcome assessment. Design: Systematic literature review with Bayesian NMA. Results: The systematic search identified 14 randomized trials that formed networks for the comparison of safety outcomes. No differences were shown between therapies in terms of overall adverse events (AEs). However, bendamustine + rituximab had a more favorable safety profile for grade ⩾3 AEs when compared with ibrutinib (risk ratio 0.62 (95% credible interval 0.40–0.86)), acalabrutinib (0.69 (0.45–0.94)), zanubrutinib (0.64 (0.42–0.91)), and venetoclax + rituximab (0.87 (0.79–0.96)). The frequency of grade ⩾3 AEs, serious AEs, and treatment discontinuations and deaths due to AEs was comparable between acalabrutinib, zanubrutinib, and venetoclax + rituximab. There were no significant differences in the safety profiles regarding hematological events, events affecting the quality of life, and infections for most comparisons of venetoclax + rituximab with BTKis. Among BTKi-specific events, zanubrutinib was associated with a higher risk of hypertension (2.96 (1.74–5.16)) and bleeding (1.38 (1.06–1.81)) than acalabrutinib. No differences in the risk of atrial fibrillation were found between acalabrutinib and zanubrutinib (1.56 (0.74–3.34)). Conclusion: Our findings showed that venetoclax + rituximab, acalabrutinib, and zanubrutinib have acceptable safety profiles, which indicates that they may be the preferred therapeutic options in the setting of relapsed/refractory CLL. Trial registration: PROSPERO CRD42022304330.
A scoping review to map public-facing websites for non-traumatic wrist disorders with quality evaluation
Authors: Mitchell Thomas , Bircumshaw Michael , Cryan Clare , Kotwica Dawid , Hamilton Nick , Dean Ben , McLean Sionnadh 
Published: October 2024

Introduction Public-facing resources for non-traumatic wrist disorders (NTWD) exist, but care recipients and healthcare professionals alike are uncertain where to access the most useful resources and have raised concerns over the quality of information provided. Previous studies involving stakeholders highlight a need for quality evaluation of these resources. The aim of this study was to identify website resources accessible to UK-based online health seekers and explore their content through quality assessment. Methods A scoping review of public-facing websites was conducted in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and PRISMA-ScR checklist. An a-priori search strategy was performed of publicly accessible websites using lay terms were entered into a simple Google search. The DISCERN tool was used to appraise the quality of health information with additional data charted to pre-determined criteria. Results The 82 websites meeting inclusion criteria scored an average of 2/5 DISCERN. Nine funding categories existed with private service websites were the most common. 18 different diagnoses were found with twenty different management interventions were recommended. Conclusion Considerable variation was found in the quality of websites providing information which people with NTWD are likely to access. Quality and trustworthiness of website information on NTWD are not the preserve of any sector or organisation and we identified potential for improvements across the board.
Insights from communities’ awareness and participation in greening semi-arid lands for effective environmental conservation
Authors: Gayo Leopody , Mmbaga Naza , Ngongolo Kelvin 
Published: October 2024

Background and Research Aims Tree planting holds significant potential for environmental protection in the era of climate change and variability. It is particularly crucial in semi-arid areas where tree density is extremely low, necessitating the engagement of local communities. However, information about local people's awareness and their willingness to participate in greening practices is rarely considered. We assessed the levels of community awareness, the extent of participation, and the factors influencing their willingness to green the Dodoma semi-arid area between 2018 and 2022. Methods We collected data from 145 respondents using a household questionnaire survey, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, while template analysis was applied to the qualitative data. Results We found the overwhelming majority of respondents (n= 136) are aware of the importance of tree planting, and 89.7% of respondents participated in greening practices. Income level, education level, environmental awareness, perceived benefits of tree planting, and social influence were significant predictors of communities' willingness to plant trees. Conclusion Despite the greater awareness and active participation of tree planting found among local actors in the study area, efforts must be directed towards suitable selection of adaptive, affordable and improved tree species for sustainable and feasible socio-ecological benefits of afforestation in semi-arid areas. Implications for conservation The study underscores the potential of community awareness and participation in tree planting for environmental conservation and the sustainable supply of forest products, which are vital for local livelihood development. We advocate for the consideration of socioeconomic and ecological factors when engaging local actors in greening urban semi-arid lands through technical and financial empowerment.
Estimating Repetitions in Reserve During the Bench Press Exercise: Should We Consider Sex and the Exercise Equipment?
Authors: Ruiz-Alias Santiago A. , Baena-Raya Andrés , Hernández-Martínez Alba , Díez-Fernández David M. , Rodríguez-Pérez Manuel A. , Pérez-Castilla Alejandro 
Published: October 2024

Background: Estimating repetitions in reserve (RIR) has been established as a valid and practical method for monitoring set configuration concerning proximity to failure in resistance training. However, factors such as sex and exercise equipment could interfere with the estimation process. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the influence of sex (female vs male) and exercise equipment (free-weight vs Smith machine) on the RIR estimation at different relative loads during the bench press exercise. Hypothesis: Men would be more accurate than women in the RIR estimation, and participants would better perceive their actual effort at the Smith machine compared with the free-weight bench press exercise. Study Design: Repeated measures design. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: In a counterbalanced order, recreationally trained participants (12 female, 14 male) performed 2 identical sessions with the free-weight bench press exercise in 1 week and 2 identical sessions with the Smith machine bench press exercise in another week (first session for familiarization and second session for validity analysis). In each session, participants performed single sets of repetitions to failure against 3 relative loads (65%, 75%, and 85% of the 1-repetition maximum [1RM]). Results: Results revealed a significant interaction between RIR and sex at 65% 1RM ( P < 0.01; women: -1.2 [-1.7 to -0.6] repetitions; men: -0.1 [-0.6 to 0.3] repetitions), and between RIR and exercise equipment at 65% 1RM ( P < 0.01; free-weight: -1.1 [-1.5 to -0.6] repetitions; Smith machine: -0.2 [-0.6 to 0.2] repetitions), but not at 75% and 85% 1RM. Conclusions: RIR estimation is a valid method for monitoring set configuration. However, this method tends to underestimate RIR at 65%1RM with female athletes and in the free-weight exercise for both sexes. Clinical Relevance: Strength and conditioning coaches should help their athletes understand effort awareness in the aforementioned context.
Burnout and associated factors among nurses in psychiatric and general tertiary hospitals in Botswana: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Molebatsi Keneilwe , Musindo Otsetswe , Bojosi Kagiso , Wambua Nduku , Olashore Anthony A 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Research has consistently documented that nurses are at a higher risk for developing burnout syndrome due to the nature of their jobs. The high prevalence of burnout among nursing staff negatively affects healthcare delivery. Nurses experiencing burnout cannot provide quality care or actively participate in health promotion, and those experiencing emotional exhaustion are unlikely to be able to tend to the emotional needs of patients. Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with burnout syndrome among nursing staff in Botswana referral general and psychiatric hospitals. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 249 nursing staff working in a referral psychiatric and general hospital. The job satisfaction survey, Maslach burnout inventory, and the OCEAN-20 were used to assess job satisfaction, burnout occurrence, and personality traits, respectively. A researcher-designed sociodemographic questionnaire was used to capture demographic data. Variables identified to be associated with burnout on bivariate analyses were entered into a regression analysis to determine to what extent these factors predicted burnout. Results: The prevalence of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and reduced personal accomplishment was 65.7%, 56.9%, and 54%, respectively. Being in a general hospital, neuroticism, poor operating condition, and poor communication predicted emotional exhaustion, R2 = 28%, F (9, 229) = 9.937, p < 0.001. Depersonalization was predicted by neuroticism and poor operating conditions, R2 = 17%, F (9, 229) = 4.709, p < 0.001. Reduced personal achievement was significantly predicted by the number of people in the household, time at the current hospital, agreeableness, and nature of work, R2 = 21%, F (7, 203) = 7.875, p < 0.001. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the need for interventions to be developed to address burnout among nursing staff to optimize healthcare delivery.
Systematic review of the orally administered microbiome therapeutic, fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk, to prevent recurrence of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults
Authors: LaPlante Kerry , Stevens Robert , Gonzales-Luna Anne J 
Published: October 2024

Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) has been linked to over 200,000 cases of illness in hospitalized patients and over 20,000 deaths annually. Up to 25% of patients with an initial CDI episode will experience recurrent CDI (rCDI), which most commonly occurs in the first 8 weeks following antibiotic therapy. In patients with first or multiple rCDI, infection, the microbiome is similarly disrupted, which highlights the challenges of using antibiotics alone while underscoring the need for microbiome restoration regardless of the number of recurrences. In this systematic review, we describe the role of the gastrointestinal microbiome in CDI, and systematically review fecal microbiota spores, live-brpk (VOWST™; VOS for Vowst Oral Spores) for prevention of recurrence in rCDI. Methods: The PubMed database was searched using “recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection” AND (SER-109 OR VOS) and limited to clinical trials. The search yielded 7 results: 3 articles describing 3 clinical trials (two Phase 3 trials (ECOSPOR III and ECOSPOR IV) and one Phase 2 trial (ECOSPOR)), 1 describing follow-up of ECOSPOR III, 1 describing a post hoc analysis of comorbidities in ECOSPOR III, and 2 describing health-related quality of life in ECOSPOR III. Results: Compared with placebo, VOS following standard-of-care antibiotics for CDI significantly reduced risk of recurrence at 8 weeks (relative risk, 0.32 (95% CI: 0.18–0.58); p < 0.001; number needed to treat: 4) with a tolerable safety profile; rCDI rates remained low through 24 weeks. The disrupted microbiome, secondary to/exacerbated by antibiotic treatment, was rapidly (i.e., Week 1) restored with VOS. Compared with placebo, VOS demonstrated greater improvements in health-related quality of life. Conclusions: Clinical care of patients with rCDI now includes Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutics to address microbiome restoration. Clinical trial evidence supports use of VOS following antibiotics and importance of microbiome restoration in rCDI.
Development of a digital multidomain lifestyle intervention for mild cognitive impairment: A pilot study on the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive training
Authors: Han Hyun Jung , Ko Myung Jin , Park Ahyoung , Cheun Jaemin , Nam Yeonjoo , Kim Tae Hui 
Published: October 2024

Background The heterogeneous etiology of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) presents significant challenges in monitoring its progression and impeding its advancement toward dementia. Digital multidomain lifestyle interventions have shown promise as potential solutions for their ability to treat MCI. Objective This study is the first phase in a series of evaluations aimed at assessing various components of Silvia-Rx, which was originally designed as a digital multidomain lifestyle intervention. Specifically, this study focused on a 60-session core cognitive training program to evaluate its feasibility and efficacy in addressing cognitive decline in individuals with MCI. Methods Individuals aged 60 to 80 years diagnosed with MCI were enrolled to participate in a 60-session tablet-based cognitive regimen of Silvia-Rx. Feasibility was assessed through adherence and retention rates, while the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-cog) scale was utilized to measure cognitive function as the primary indicator of efficacy. Results The mean age of the participants was 71.11 years, and 13 (68.42%) were women. Only one withdrawal occurred, resulting in a 95% retention rate (19 participants) post-intervention. The completion rate was excellent at 100%, indicating that the 60-session core cognitive program in Silvia-Rx was well tolerated by older participants with MCI. Regarding efficacy, there was a statistically significant improvement in cognitive function among MCI participants after the intervention, as evidenced by changes in total ADAS-cog scores. Conclusions Results demonstrated excellent adherence throughout the program and significant cognitive improvements after the intervention. This pilot study indicates that Silvia-Rx's digital cognitive program is feasible for people diagnosed with MCI, suggests potential for improving cognitive function, though further research with large sample size is needed to confirm these results.
The effectiveness of digital health interventions for the maintenance of physical activity following cardiac rehabilitation: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Luijk Alexander , Mortensen Sofie Rath , Hamborg Trine Grønbek , Zangger Graziella , Ahler Jonas Risum , Christensen Jan , Skou Søren T , Tang Lars Hermann 
Published: October 2024

Objective To summarise the effectiveness of digital health maintenance interventions for subjectively and objectively measured physical activity level (PA) and physical function, fitness and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after completion of phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR). Methods We conducted a search for studies in MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL (inception to May 2024). Independent reviewers selected and included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) using digital health interventions to maintain PA in patients with cardiovascular disease after phase II CR. Independent reviewers conducted data extraction, assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and rated the certainty of evidence using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation – registered at PROSPERO: CRD42023396629. Results From 17,455 hits, 20 RCTs with 1801 participants were included. Risk of bias for most studies reporting on PA outcomes was rated as ‘some concerns’. Comparing digital health intervention with minimal intervention/usual care showed no effect of objective PA (standardised mean difference (SMD) 0.85, 95% CI: −0.07 to 1.77) and a small effect of subjective PA (SMD 0.37, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.69) at the end of intervention both graded as very low certainty of evidence. We found very low certainty of evidence for moderate effects on physical function (SMD 0.63, 95% CI: 0.03 to 1.24), and low certainty of evidence for no effect on physical fitness (SMD 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.34) and HRQoL (SMD 0.13, 95% CI: −0.02 to 0.28), I2= 0.00%) at the end of intervention. Conclusion Digital health interventions showed a small effect on subjectively measured PA, and no effect on objective PA, physical fitness and HRQoL, but may increase physical function after CR completion. Yet, the certainty of evidence is low and higher quality studies with longer follow-up duration are needed to guide this area further.
The injectable hydrogel loading cannabidiol to regulate macrophage polarization in vitro for the treatment of chronic enteritis
Authors: Wang Ye , Ji Xingming , Wang Xinyi , Sun Mengyu , Li Cheng , Wu Dongmei 
Published: October 2024

Objective: Chronic bowel disease has the characteristics of high recurrence rate, prolonged and non-healing, and the incidence has increased year by year in recent years. Cannabidiol (CBD) has significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, but it is limited by its characteristics of fat solubility and low bioavailability. This study aims to treat chronic inflammatory bowel disease by preparing a CBD-loaded hydrogel system (GelMA + CBD) that can deliver CBD in situ and improve its bioavailability through slow release. Method: The study designed and constructed GelMA + CBD, and its surface morphology was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and its pore size, swelling rate and release rate were evaluated to evaluate its bioactivity and biosafety. The expression of various inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA, and the expression of protein and reactive oxygen species were observed by laser confocal microscopy to evaluate their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Results: Our study found that GelMA + CBD with biosafety, could make CBD be slowly released, and effectively inhibit the M1-type polarization of macrophages in vitro, and promote the M2-type polarization. In addition, GelMA + CBD can also reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (such as iNOS) in macrophages, and increase the expression of anti-inflammatory factors (such as Arg-1), clear intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), and relieve oxidative stress. Conclusion: The vitro experiments have confirmed that the CBD-loaded hydrogel system has good biosafety, and can alleviate inflammation by regulating the polarization direction of macrophages, and then inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, laying a strong foundation for the treatment of chronic enteritis.
Residual Performance and Biomechanical Asymmetries During Jumping Tasks in Female Athletes at 9 Months After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Warnecke Berit Flora , Richter Chris , King Enda , Paternoster Florian Kurt 
Published: October 2024

Background: Biomechanics and anterior cruciate ligament injury mechanisms differ in males and females. There is a need for more data on between-limb biomechanical differences after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) in females. Purpose: To explore biomechanical asymmetries throughout the kinetic chain during the single-legged (SL) and double-legged (DL) countermovement jump (CMJ) and drop jump (DJ) in female athletes after ACLR. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: Kinematic and kinetic between-limb differences were analyzed during the SL and DL CMJ and DJ in 67 female athletes 9 months after ACLR. Biomechanical and performance asymmetries between limbs during the jumps and isokinetic strength testing were analyzed with statistical parametric mapping. The entire stance phase was used for the paired t tests of the biomechanical variables, with Cohen d effect sizes of significant portions of the stance phase (reported as % of stance) calculated in a point-by-point manner. Results: Decreased vertical ground-reaction force, internal knee abduction moment, knee internal rotation angle, hip external rotation angle, internal ankle eversion, and external rotation moments were seen in the ACLR limb during all 4 vertical jump tests. The greatest number and highest value of differences were found during the DLDJ, with asymmetries having medium to large effect sizes. They tended to appear more frequently in the concentric phase (50% to 100% of stance) during the SLCMJ and DLCMJ and in the eccentric (0% to 49% of stance) and concentric (50% to 100% of stance) phase during the SLDJ and DLDJ. For the SLCMJ, SLDJ, and quadriceps strength, performance asymmetries of >15% were detected but not for change of direction. Conclusion: The findings suggest that return-to-play testing in female athletes should examine the entire stance phase and include assessments of kinetic and kinematic variables throughout the kinetic chain. Greater deficits were highlighted in the DJ than in the CMJ, and greater performance asymmetries were evident in the SL tasks, with greater kinetic and kinematic and compensatory strategies evident in the DL tests. Clinical Relevance: Biomechanical analysis focusing on contralateral compensation strategies and sex-specific interventions are necessary before return to play.