bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Degradation of tocopherols during rapeseed storage in simulated conditions of industrial silos
Authors: Gawrysiak-Witulska Marzena , Siger Aleksander , Rusinek Robert 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
The investigations consisted in laboratory simulation of conditions prevailing in the real ecosystem in an industrial rapeseed storage facility. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of temperature, moisture, and static pressure on degradation of tocopherols contained in rapeseed. Rapeseed varieties with high oil content were analysed in the investigations. Samples of seeds with 7, 10, 13, and 16% moisture levels were stored at a temperature of 25, 30, and 35°C in specially designed airtight pressure silos for storage in controlled conditions. During the storage, the seeds were subjected to overpressure in the range of 20-60 kPa. The seeds were stored in these conditions for 28 days. It was demonstrated that primarily moisture induced the greatest loss of the total content of tocopherol and its α-T and γ-T homologues, followed by temperature and, to a lesser extent, pressure. In addition, the results obtained showed that, in the case of seeds characterised by higher moisture levels (13 and 16%), an increase in the storage temperature in the range of 25-30°C rather than 30-35°C intensified tocopherol loss more efficiently.
Triangle-free commuting conjugacy class graphs
Authors: Mohammadian Abbas , Erfanian Ahmad , Farrokhi D. G. Mohammad , Wilkens Bettina 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
For a group G, let

Γ
⁢

(
G
)

${\Gamma(G)}$

be the commuting conjugacy class graph of G associated with the non-central conjugacy classes of G in such a way that the vertices of

Γ
⁢

(
G
)

${\Gamma(G)}$

are the non-central conjugacy classes of G, and two distinct vertices C and D are adjacent when

x
⁢
y

=

y
⁢
x

${xy=yx}$

for some

x
∈
C

${x\in C}$

and

y
∈
D

${y\in D}$

. We shall classify all finite groups such that

Γ
⁢

(
G
)

${\Gamma(G)}$

are triangle-free.
Usefulness of NT-proBNP in the Follow-Up of Patients after Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Radosavljevic-Radovanovic Mina , Radovanovic Nebojsa , Vasiljevic Zorana , Marinkovic Jelena , Mitrovic Predrag , Mrdovic Igor , Stankovic Sanja , Kružliak Peter , Beleslin Branko , Uscumlic Ana , Kostic Jelena 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackground:Since serial analyses of NT-proBNP in patients with acute coronary syndromes have shown that levels measured during a chronic, later phase are a better predictor of prognosis and indicator of left ventricular function than the levels measured during an acute phase, we sought to assess the association of NT-proBNP, measured 6 months after acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with traditional risk factors, characteristics of in-hospital and early postinfarction course, as well as its prognostic value and optimal cut-points in the ensuing 1-year follow-up.Methods:Fasting venous blood samples were drawn from 100 ambulatory patients and NT-proBNP concentrations in lithium-heparin plasma were determined using a one-step enzyme immunoassay based on the »sandwich« principle on a Dimension RxL clinical chemistry system (DADE Behring-Siemens). Patients were followed-up for the next 1 year, for the occurrence of new cardiac events.Results:Median (IQR) level of NT-proBNP was 521 (335–1095) pg/mL. Highest values were mostly associated with cardiac events during the first 6 months after AMI. Negative association with reperfusion therapy for index infarction confirmed its long-term beneficial effect. In the next one-year follow-up of stable patients, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed the independent prognostic value of NT-proBNP for new-onset heart failure prediction (p=0.014), as well as for new coronary events prediction (p=0.035). Calculation of the AUCs revealed the optimal NT-proBNP cut-points of 800 pg/mL and 516 pg/mL, respectively.Conclusions:NT-proBNP values 6 months after AMI are mainly associated with the characteristics of early infarction and postinfarction course and can predict new cardiac events in the next one-year follow-up.
Comparison of Spectrophotometric and Fluorimetric Methods in Evaluation of Biotinidase Deficiency
Authors: İşeri-Erten Sevgin Özlem , Dikmen Zeliha Günnur , Ulusu Nuriye Nuray 
Published: February 2016

SummaryBackground:Biotin, a water-soluble vitamin, is used as a co-factor by enzymes involved in carboxylation reactions. Biotinidase (BTD) catalyzes the recycling of biotin from endogenous and dietary sources. Biotinidase deficiency (BD) is an autosomal recessively inherited disorder of biotin recycling that is associated with neurologic and cutaneous consequences when untreated. The aim of the study was to compare the results of spectrophotometric and fluorimetric methods, as well as to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of both methods in current research practices.Methods:Study group was chosen among the BD suspected newborn, children and parents (n=52) who applied to Hacettepe University Pediatric Metabolism Unit.Results:BTD activity is stable for 2 hours at room temperature and at 4 °C, and for 4 months at −20 °C and −80 °C. Genetic and clinical results showed that 25% of the total number of patients had complete BD which was treated with 10 mg/day biotin, while 15.38% of the patients had partial BD, and they were prescribed biotin 5 mg/day. The area under the ROC curve was 0.960±0.25 and 0.927±0.41 for the fluorimetric and spectrophotometric method, respectively. Fluorimetric method showed 100% sensitivity and 97% specificity, whereas spectrophotometric method showed 90.5% sensitivity and 93.7% specificity.Conclusions:Fluorimetric method is superior to the spectro photo metric method due to higher sensitivity and specificity.
Rare and curable renin-mediated hypertension: a series of six cases and a literature review
Authors: Gu Wei-Jun , Zhang Lin-Xi , Jin Nan , Ba Jian-Ming , Dong Jun , Wang Dian-Jun , Li Jie , Wang Xian-Ling , Yang Guo-Qing , Lu Zhao-Hui , Dou Jing-Tao , Lu Ju-Ming , Mu Yi-Ming 
Published: February 2016

AbstractReninoma is an extremely rare renal tumor characterized by excessive renin secretion causing secondary hypertension and hypokalemia. Reninoma is a benign and highly manageable lesion if it is discovered early and removed surgically.We report six cases of reninoma and provide a literature review on this rare disease, highlighting the diagnostic evaluation and follow-up of each patient.Reninoma should be considered in young adults with elevated renin activity and refractory hypertension. Imaging studies and selective venous catheterization are often helpful in identifying the lesion. In most cases of reninoma presenting with renin-mediated hypertension, conservative surgical treatment should be considered to remove the small, superficial lesion.
Selbstfahrende Autos und Trolley-Probleme: Zum Aufrechnen von Menschenleben im Falle unausweichlicher Unfälle
Authors: Hevelke Alexander , Nida-Rümelin Julian 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Beim Autofahren können Situationen entstehen, in denen Unfälle mit Personenschäden unvermeidbar geworden sind. Falls voll autonome/selbstfahrende Autos jemals für den Straßenverkehr zugelassen werden sollten, werden auch sie solche Situationen nicht völlig vermeiden können. Es muss demnach im Vorfeld entschieden werden, welchen Maximen ihr Verhalten in solchen Situationen folgen soll - eine Entscheidung, die erhebliche Ähnlichkeiten mit klassischen Trolley-Szenarien zu haben scheint. In dieser Arbeit wird ein möglicher Lösungsansatz diskutiert - eine Programmierung, die im Falle eines unabwendbaren Unfalls potentielle Opfer gegeneinander aufwiegt um Zahl und Schwere der zu erwartenden Verletzungen zu minimieren. Zentrale Themen sind dabei die Frage des Entscheidungsträgers, die Gefahr der Instrumentalisierung der Opfer, die Gefahr einer Erhöhung des Risikos für bestimmte Gruppen, das Problem der Schaffung von Fehlanreizen, sowie Fragen der Fairness.
Canonical equations K
62, K
63, K
64 and K
65 for random non-Hermitian matrices A+B(U+γH)C, the Upturned Stools Law, the Upturned Stool Without Seat Law and Doughnut Law density
Authors: Girko Vyacheslav L. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
In this paper we apply the REFORM method for the deduction of
the system of canonical equations K
62, K
63, K
64 and K
65 for normalized spectral functions of
the matrices A+B(U+γH)C.
The Effect of β-Hydroxy-β-Methylbutyrate on Aerobic Capacity and Body Composition in Trained Athletes
Authors: Durkalec-Michalski Krzysztof , Jeszka Jan 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Durkalec-Michalski, K and Jeszka, J. The effect of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on aerobic capacity and body composition in trained athletes. J Strength Cond Res 30(9): 2617–2626, 2016—The aim of this study was to investigate whether supplementation with β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) affects body composition, aerobic capacity, or intramuscular enzymes activity, as well as in anabolic and/or catabolic hormones and lactate concentrations. A cohort of 58 highly trained males was subjected to 12-week supplementation with HMB (3 × 1 gHMB·d−1) and a placebo (PLA) in randomized, PLA controlled, double-blind crossover trials, with a 10-day washout period. Body composition and aerobic capacity were recorded, whereas the levels of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, testosterone, cortisol, and lactate, as well as the T/C ratio, in blood samples were measured. After HMB supplementation, fat-free mass increased (+0.2 kgHMB vs. −1.0 kgPLA, p = 0.021), with a simultaneous reduction of fat mass (−0.8 kgHMB vs. +0.8 kgPLA, p < 0.001). In turn, after HMB supplementation, in comparison to PLA, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇̇
o

2
max: +0.102 L·min−1
HMB vs. −0.063 L·min−1
PLA, p = 0.013), time to reach ventilatory threshold (VT) (TVT: +1.0 minHMB vs. −0.4 minPLA, p < 0.0001), threshold load at VT (WVT: +20 WHMB vs. −7 WPLA, p = 0.001), and the threshold heart rate at VT (HRVT: +8 b·min−1
HMB vs. −1 b·min−1
PLA, p < 0.0001) increased significantly. Analysis of the tested biochemical markers shows significant differences only in relation to the initial concentration. In HMB group, testosterone levels increased (p = 0.047) and in both groups (HMB: p = 0.008; PLA: p = 0.008) higher cortisol levels were observed. The results indicate that supplying HMB promotes advantageous changes in body composition and stimulates an increase in aerobic capacity, although seeming not to significantly affect the levels of the analyzed blood markers.
Lower Body Stiffness Modulation Strategies in Well Trained Female Athletes
Authors: Millett Emma L. , Moresi Mark P. , Watsford Mark L. , Taylor Paul G. , Greene David A. 
Published: February 2016

AbstractMillett, EL, Moresi, MP, Watsford, ML, Taylor, PG, and Greene, DA. Lower body stiffness modulation strategies in well trained female athletes.J Strength Cond Res30(10): 2845–2856, 2016—Lower extremity stiffness quantifies the relationship between the amount of leg compression and the external load to which the limb are subjected. This study aimed to assess differences in leg and joint stiffness and the subsequent kinematic and kinetic control mechanisms between athletes from various training backgrounds. Forty-seven female participants (20 nationally identified netballers, 13 high level endurance athletes and 14 age and gender matched controls) completed a maximal unilateral countermovement jump, drop jump and horizontal jump to assess stiffness. Leg stiffness, joint stiffness and associated mechanical parameters were assessed with a 10 camera motion analysis system and force plate. No significant differences were evident for leg stiffness measures between athletic groups for any of the tasks (p= 0.321–0.849). However, differences in joint stiffness and its contribution to leg stiffness, jump performance outcome measures and stiffness control mechanisms were evident between all groups. Practitioners should consider the appropriateness of the task utilised in leg stiffness screening. Inclusion of mechanistic and/or more sports specific tasks may be more appropriate for athletic groups.
Analysis of Agreement Between 4 Lactate Threshold Measurements Methods in Professional Soccer Players
Authors: Cerda-Kohler Hugo , Burgos-Jara Carlos , Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo , Valdés-Cerda Miguel , Báez Eduardo , Zapata-Gómez Daniel , Andrade David C. , Izquierdo Mikel 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Cerda-Kohler, H, Burgos-Jara, C, Ramírez-Campillo, R, Valdés-Cerda, B, Báez, E, Zapata-Gómez, D, Cristóbal Andrade, D, and Izquierdo, M. Analysis of agreement between 4 lactate threshold measurements methods in professional soccer players. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2864–2870, 2016—Lactate threshold (LT) represents the inflection point of blood lactate values from rest to high-intensity exercise during an incremental test, is commonly used to determine exercise intensity, and is related to different positional roles of elite soccer players. Different methodologies have been adopted to determine the LT; however, the agreement between these methodologies in professional soccer players is unclear. Seventeen professional soccer players were recruited (age 24.7 ± 3.7 years, body mass 70.1 ± 5.3 kg, height 172.8 ± 7.3 cm) and performed an incremental treadmill test until volitional fatigue. Speed at LT (LTspeed), heart rate at LT (LTHR), and lactate values from capillary blood samples obtained at 3-minute intervals were analyzed using 4 LT measurement methods: visual inspection (VI), maximum distance (Dmax), modified Dmax (DmaxM), and logarithmic (log-log). Only Bland-Altman analysis for LTHR showed agreement between VI and Dmax, between VI and DmaxM, and between Dmax and DmaxM methods. No agreement between methods was observed after intraclass correlation coefficient and 95% one-sided lower-limit analysis. Comparative results showed that LTspeed was lower (p < 0.01) with the log-log method compared with the Dmax method and lower (p < 0.01) with the latter compared with the VI and DmaxM methods. Regarding LTHR, higher (p < 0.01) values were observed using the VI, DmaxM, and Dmax methods compared with the log-log method. Therefore, VI, Dmax, DmaxM, and log-log methods should not be used interchangeably for LT measurement. More studies are needed to determine a gold standard for LT detection in professional soccer players.
Comparison of Sodium Chloride Tablets–Induced, Sodium Chloride Solution–Induced, and Glycerol-Induced Hyperhydration on Fluid Balance Responses in Healthy Men
Authors: Savoie Félix A. , Asselin Audrey , Goulet Eric D.B. 
Published: February 2016

Abstract
Savoie, FA, Asselin, A, and Goulet, EDB. Comparison of sodium chloride tablets–induced, sodium chloride solution–induced, and glycerol-induced hyperhydration on fluid balance responses in healthy men. J Strength Cond Res 30(10): 2880–2891, 2016—Sodium chloride solution–induced hyperhydration (NaCl-SolIH) is a powerful strategy to increase body water before exercise. However, NaCl-SolIH is associated with an unpleasant salty taste, potentially dissuading some athletes from using it and coaches from recommending it. Therefore, we evaluated the hyperhydrating potential of sodium chloride tablets–induced hyperhydration (NaCl-TabIH), which bypasses the palatability issue of NaCl-SolIH without sacrificing sodium chloride content, and compared it to NaCl-SolIH and glycerol-induced hyperhydration (GIH). Sixteen healthy males (age: 21 ± 2 years; fat-free mass (FFM): 65 ± 6 kg) underwent three, 3-hour long passive hyperhydration protocols during which they drank, over the first 60 minutes, 30-ml·kg−1 FFM of an artificially sweetened solution. During NaCl-TabIH, participants swallowed 7.5, 1 g each, sodium chloride tablets with every liter of solution. During NaCl-SolIH, an equal quantity of sodium chloride tablets was dissolved in each liter of solution. With GIH, the glycerol concentration was 46.7 g·L−1. Urine production, fluid retention, hemoglobin, hematocrit, plasma volume, and perceptual variables were monitored throughout the trials. Total fluid intake was 1948 ± 182 ml. After 3 hour, there were no significant differences among treatments for hemoglobin, hematocrit, and plasma volume changes. Fluid retention was significantly greater with NaCl-SolIH (1150 ± 287 ml) than NaCl-TabIH (905 ± 340 ml) or GIH (800 ± 211 ml), with no difference between NaCl-TabIH and GIH. No differences were found among treatments for perceptual variables. NaCl-TabIH and GIH are equally effective, but inferior than NaCl-SolIH. NaCl-TabIH represents an alternative to hyperhydration induced with glycerol, which is prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency.
Mitochondria are required for pro‐ageing features of the senescent phenotype
Authors: Correia‐Melo Clara , Marques Francisco DM , Anderson Rhys , Hewitt Graeme , Hewitt Rachael , Cole John , Carroll Bernadette M , Miwa Satomi , Birch Jodie , Merz Alina , Rushton Michael D , Charles Michelle , Jurk Diana , Tait Stephen WG , Czapiewski Rafal , Greaves Laura , Nelson Glyn , Bohlooly‐Y Mohammad , Rodriguez‐Cuenca Sergio , Vidal‐Puig Antonio , Mann Derek , Saretzki Gabriele , Quarato Giovanni , Green Douglas R , Adams Peter D , von Zglinicki Thomas , Korolchuk Viktor I , Passos João F 
Published: February 2016

AbstractCell senescence is an important tumour suppressor mechanism and driver of ageing. Both functions are dependent on the development of the senescent phenotype, which involves an overproduction of pro‐inflammatory and pro‐oxidant signals. However, the exact mechanisms regulating these phenotypes remain poorly understood. Here, we show the critical role of mitochondria in cellular senescence. In multiple models of senescence, absence of mitochondria reduced a spectrum of senescence effectors and phenotypes while preserving ATP production via enhanced glycolysis. Global transcriptomic analysis by RNA sequencing revealed that a vast number of senescent‐associated changes are dependent on mitochondria, particularly the pro‐inflammatory phenotype. Mechanistically, we show that the ATM, Akt and mTORC1 phosphorylation cascade integrates signals from the DNA damage response (DDR) towards PGC‐1β‐dependent mitochondrial biogenesis, contributing to a ROS‐mediated activation of the DDR and cell cycle arrest. Finally, we demonstrate that the reduction in mitochondrial content in vivo, by either mTORC1 inhibition or PGC‐1β deletion, prevents senescence in the ageing mouse liver. Our results suggest that mitochondria are a candidate target for interventions to reduce the deleterious impact of senescence in ageing tissues.
Aspirin Enhances Osteogenic Potential of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells (PDLSCs) and Modulates the Expression Profile of Growth Factor–Associated Genes in PDLSCs
Authors: Abd Rahman Fazliny , Mohd Ali Johari , Abdullah Mariam , Abu Kasim Noor Hayaty , Musa Sabri 
Published: February 2016

Background: This study investigates the effects of aspirin (ASA) on the proliferative capacity, osteogenic potential, and expression of growth factor–associated genes in periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).Methods: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from PDL tissue were isolated from human premolars (n = 3). The MSCs’ identity was confirmed by immunophenotyping and trilineage differentiation assays. Cell proliferation activity was assessed through 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Polymerase chain reaction array was used to profile the expression of 84 growth factor–associated genes. Pathway analysis was used to identify the biologic functions and canonic pathways activated by ASA treatment. The osteogenic potential was evaluated through mineralization assay.Results: ASA at 1,000 μM enhances osteogenic potential of PDLSCs. Using a fold change (FC) of 2.0 as a threshold value, the gene expression analyses indicated that 19 genes were differentially expressed, which includes 12 upregulated and seven downregulated genes. Fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), interleukin‐2, bone morphogenetic protein‐10, VEGFC, and 2 (FGF2) were markedly upregulated (FC range, 6 to 15), whereas pleotropin, FGF5, brain‐derived neurotrophic factor, and Dickkopf WNT signaling pathway inhibitor 1 were markedly downregulated (FC 32). Of the 84 growth factor–associated genes screened, 35 showed high cycle threshold values (≥35).Conclusions: ASA modulates the expression of growth factor–associated genes and enhances osteogenic potential in PDLSCs. ASA upregulated the expression of genes that could activate biologic functions and canonic pathways related to cell proliferation, human embryonic stem cell pluripotency, tissue regeneration, and differentiation. These findings suggest that ASA enhances PDLSC function and may be useful in regenerative dentistry applications, particularly in the areas of periodontal health and regeneration.
An Analysis Of The Interest Elasticity Of Financial Asset Holdings By Income
Authors: Amick Brian , McGibany James M. 
Published: February 2016

<p>A Keynesian money demand model is used to examine the interest elasticity of financial asset holdings by income level. In this model, once an individual receives income, they first make transactions, and any leftover income goes for speculative purposes. Since only speculative balances are assumed to change with interest rates, individuals with income used mainly for transactions purposes are theorized to have asset holdings that are unresponsive to interest rates, while higher income individuals with speculative balances are expected to be more responsive to interest rates. The results support the Keynesian model, as lower income households are found to have the smallest interest elasticity, and the estimated elasticity rises with income.</p>
CEO Compensation In Poorly Performing Firms
Authors: Iyengar Raghavan J. 
Published: February 2016

<p>This paper studies the association between CEO compensation and firm performance in solvent but poorly performing firms. By focusing on solvent firms, this study insulates the bankruptcy effects (and the complex creditor-shareholder-manager effects) on pay-performance relationship. Furthermore, there is a widespread belief that CEO pay in such firms does not reflect firms’ poor performance. I find that on average, the level of CEOs cash compensation is positively related to the firms’ level of operating cash flows. I interpret this finding as suggesting that stockholders of poorly performing firms reward CEOs in the short-run, for the effect of the managerial decisions on cash flows. However, change in CEOs compensation is unrelated to any measure of the changes in firms’ performance. This is consistent with the cautious approach of stockholders to wait and see, if change in performance is more permanent.</p>