bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Biochemical alterations in the leaves of different Desi and Kabuli type chickpea genotypes infected by phytoplasma
Authors: Nasir Faiza , Pervaiz Akhtar Khalid , Hameed Amjad , Yousaf Sumaira , Gulzar Tahsin , Sarwar Nighat , Shah Tariq Mahmud , Kiran Shumaila 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Objective
Chickpea phyllody caused by phytoplasma occurs worldwide. However, the alterations in the host physiology and its associated biochemical components induced by the infection with phytoplasma in chickpea plant remain unknown.

Methods
In present study, the changes in phenolic compounds, protein contents, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and chlorophyll contents were analyzed in phytoplasma-symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants of two Kabuli and three Desi type chickpea genotypes.

Results
Total phenols were statistically at par in symptomatic plants of both Kabuli and one Desi (Bittle-98) genotype but significantly increased in genotype Aug-424 and decreased in C-727. Protein contents were significantly decreased in symptomatic plants of all genotypes except CM-2008. PAL activity was significantly increased in all Kabuli but decreased in all the Desi genotypes. POX activity was significantly increased in Noor-2009 and Aug-424 but decreased in CM-2008 and Bittle-98. PPO activity was increased in two genotypes but decreased in others. CAT activity and chlorophyll contents were decreased in all genotypes.

Conclusion
The present finding indicates that phytoplasma causes non-specific, general stress response by interfering with host metabolism and photosynthesis. The study also provided significant insights for better understanding the mechanisms of chickpea plant response to phytoplasma.
A balada do homem abatido: um estudo comparativo entre Os ratos e Angústia
Authors: Salgado Marcus Rogério Tavares Sampaio 
Published: April 2017

O artigo propõe um estudo comparativo entre os romances Os ratos (Dyonélio Machado) e Angústia (Graciliano Ramos), a partir da investigação de três eixos críticos: a) a tematização do ato de deambular; b) a presença de estratégias estéticas características do expressionismo; c) a recorrência do super-signo do rato.********************************************************************The ballad of the beaten man: a comparative study between Os ratos and AngústiaAbstract: The article is a comparative study between the novels Os ratos (Dyonélio Machado) e Angústia (Graciliano Ramos), out of three main critical points: a) thematizing of the act of strolling; b) presence of aesthetical strategies typical of expressionism; c) occurring of the rat as a supersign.Keywords: Brazilian literature; comparative studies; expressionism.
Intelectuais portugueses e brasileiros: tópicos para uma discussão de hibridismo cultural
Authors: Martuscelli Tania 
Published: April 2017

Este estudo financiado pela Fundação Calouste Gulbenkian em Portugal, faz parte de um projeto monográfico mais longo, (Des)Conexões entre Portugal e o Brasil: Séculos XIX e XX (Lisboa: Colibri, 2016), que propõe uma revisão da relação entre os dois países. Com base teórica no hibridismo cultural, o ensaio segue o já bastante conhecido estudo de Homi Bhabha. No presente caso, no entanto, propõe-se pôr em destaque a relação intrínseca entre as culturas do lado de cá e de lá do Atlântico. O trabalho tem como data inicial a histórica independência do Brasil e segue alguns momentos específicos do universo cultural dos dois países que, por vezes, podem ser considerados duas faces de uma mesma moeda.*******************************************************************Portuguese and Brazilian Intellectuals: Topics for a Discussion about Cultural HibridityAbstract: This paper is part of a book-length research project financed by Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Portugal: (Dis)Connections between Portugal and Brasil – 19th and 20th centuries (Lisbon: Colibri, 2016). I propose the revision of the relationship between the two countries based on the theory of cultural hybridity, as Homi Bhabha puts it in his celebrated work. In the present study, however, I a highlight the intimate relationship between the two cultures from both sides of the Atlantic. My starting point is the historic moment of the Brazilian Independence, and continues through a path of encounters that are specific to the cultural universe of the two countries. I posit that, sometimes, we can regard Brazil and Portugal as “two sides of the same coin.”Keywords: cultural hybridity; Luso-Brazilian literature; cultural studies; Brazil and Portugal.
Antonin Artaud e Mário Cesariny: desconstruções da metáfora solar
Authors: Jardim Luciana Abreu 
Published: April 2017

O poeta português Mário Cesariny foi profundamente influenciado pela poesia, vida e textos de caráter surrealista de Antonin Artaud. O artigo analisa a relevância dessa influência para o conceito de metáfora e sua relação com a experiência poética de Mário Cesariny em poemas escolhidos do volume Manual de prestidigitação. O foco da discussão sustenta-se na desconstrução da metáfora solar, que é paradigmática para todas as metáforas e mantém característica de obscuridade, produzindo sentidos que ultrapassam aqueles usualmente disseminados pelos poetas. O estudo baseia-se nas considerações de Jacques Derrida acerca dos usos da metáfora, desenvolvidos no artigo intitulado “Mitologia branca”.********************************************************************Antonin Artaud and Mário Cesariny: deconstructions of the solar metaphorAbstract: The Portuguese poet Mário Cesariny was deeply influenced by the surrealist character in the poetry, life and texts of Antonin Artaud. The article analyzes the relevance of this influence to the concept of metaphor and its relation with the poetic experience of Mário Cesariny in poems that were chosen from the volume Manual de Prestidigitação. The focus of the discussion stands on the deconstruction of the solar metaphor, which is paradigmatic for all metaphors and maintains a characteristic of obscurity, producing meanings that surpass those usually disseminated by poets. The study is based on the considerations of Jacques Derrida on the uses of the metaphor, developed in the article called “White mythology”. Keywords: Mário Cesariny; Antonin Artaud; metaphor; deconstruction.
La reedición del Estado social en la Argentina. La política socio-laboral entre 2003-2015
Authors: Grassi Estela 
Published: April 2017

El presente artículo trata de la caracterización del Estado que se reconfiguró en la primera década del presente siglo en la Argentina, como una reedición actualizada (o modernizada) del Estado social de este país. Esta caracterización se sostiene en el análisis de dos cursos de acción de la política socio-laboral, que definen un ciclo político:1) la reposición del carácter de “trabajo normal” del empleo de tiempo completo, por plazo indeterminado y con los beneficios de la seguridad social, que hace de esta última (la seguridad social) el núcleo principal de la política socio-laboral; 2) Pero (esto es lo que corresponde al otro curso de la acción) con la particularidad de que, al mismo tiempo que se mantiene el esquema clásico de la Seguridad Social en Argentina (sostenido en aportes y contribuciones) algunas medidas sortean este esquema basado en la contratación formal, permitiendo la ampliación de la base de población protegida, al incorporar a trabajadores ocupados informalmente o prescindibles para la producción en el mercado “moderno”. No obstante ello, los fundamentos ideológicos y discursivos de la política socio-laboral reponen siempre la expectativa de volver a alcanzar plenamente un estado de “trabajo normal” para el conjunto de la población trabajadora.
¡Panamá, tiene una fiesta! La construcción del 3 de noviembre
Authors: Chirú Barrios Felix Javier 
Published: April 2017

Este artículo aborda la construcción del 3 de noviembre, día de la fiesta nacional de Panamá, el programa conmemorativo y los discursos propalado por los políticos e intelectuales panameños, entre 1904 y 1931. La conmemoración de esta fecha cívica correspondió con el proceso de construcción de una nación moderna que establece los eventos, fechas, héroes que se deben recordar y los lugares de memoria; no obstante, en ese proceso se menoscaban otras memorias. Así fue “olvidada” la celebración del 20 de julio, día de la independencia de Colombia y reelaborado el 28 de noviembre de 1821, día de la Independencia de Panamá de España. El ritual promovido desde el Estado para conmemorar esa fiesta nacional, siguió la programación instituida desde 1878 para festejar aquella gesta independentista de 1821 y recibió la influencia de la conmemoración del 4 de julio, día de la Independencia de los Estados Unidos, esta celebrada en la Zona del Canal, un espacio territorial controlado por ese país en Panamá.
Comparative study of serum calcium and phosphorus level in pulmonary tuberculosis before and after chemotherapy
Authors: Godara Suman , Parihar Kiran , Choudhary Mamta 
Published: April 2017

Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic granulomatous bacterial infection caused by an acid-fast bacillus, mycobacterium tuberculosis or tubercle bacillus. It is a potentially fatal contagious disease that can affect almost any part of the body but is mainly an infection of the lungs so it is called pulmonary tuberculosis. There are many minerals synthesized in the body in an appropriate amount for specific work. If any disease occurs in the body then mineral level imbalance, like wise in pulmonary tuberculosis calcium and phosphorus levels disturb. The changes in Calcium and Phosphorus level is considered as an important factor in pathophysiology of pulmonary tuberculosis patient.Methods: The proposed study was conducted in Department of Biochemistry with association of Department of TB and Chest of S.P. Medical College and attached Hospital, Bikaner. There were 40 cases and 40 controls in the age groups from 15 to 50 years. We took fresh samples and performed required tests following standard protocol. By Analytical grade chemicals and standard serum Calcium and Phosphorus were estimated using enzymatic kit method by auto analyzer.Results: The Mean±SD of serum calcium and serum phosphorus levels were found 8.688±0.7155 and 2.833±0.6443 before chemotherapy and 9.163±0.4661 and 3.695±0.3471 after chemotherapy.Conclusions: Persons, who developed pulmonary tuberculosis disease, had increased serum calcium and serum phosphorus level after chemotherapy compared to before chemotherapy patients.
Knowledge and attitude concerning Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) among Taif Medical College students Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Authors: Helmy Farihan Farouk 
Published: April 2017

Background: To Assess the knowledge about childhood ASD among second and sixth year medical students in Taif medical college KSA.Methods: The cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in medical college - Taif City, KSA-from September to December 2016. All students of second and sixth year present at time of data collection were included in our study. Data collection was done by Knowledge About Childhood Autism Among Health Worker questionnaire from second and sixth year medical students. Data was analyzed using SPSS 20.Results: Second year (Group A) out of 163 students who completed the study 88 (54.0%) males, and 75 (46.0%) females, regarding sixth year (Group B) total respondents were 84 students 44 (52.4%) males and 40 (47.6%). The mean score of questionnaire assessing knowledge for group B was (8.99±1.91) which was statistically significant higher than group A (6.44±2.24) p=<0.001*. Also the attitude score for group B (3.92±0.97) was statistically significant higher than group A (3.29±1.33) p=<0.001*. Moreover, there was a significant correlation between total overall knowledge and attitude of our study sample p= <0.001*Conclusions: Medical students curriculum should include information about ASD allowing them better screening, early diagnosis, thus better prognosis.
A study of the etiology and short term outcome of status epilepticus in children
Authors: Selvan Tamil , V. Nagaraj M. , P. Saravanan , Tudu Mrigender Nath 
Published: April 2017

Background: Convulsive status epilepticus is the most common childhood medical neurological emergency, and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Most data for this disorder are from mainly adult populations and might not be relevant to childhood. This study was done to obtain a uniquely paediatric perspective. The objective of the study was to the etiology and short term outcome of patients admitted with status epilepticus between the age group 1 month to 12 years at a medical college hospital.Methods: Study design: Prospective descriptive study. Study Place: Department of Paediatrics, SIMS and RC, Bangalore, India. Study population: All children in the age group of 1 month to 12 years admitted with status epilepticus. Sample size:66. Study period: From January 2016 to December 2016.Results: Prevalence of status epilepticus among children admitted in this study was 8.7%. Most common age was found to be 1-3 years (54.5%). Preponderance of male (51.5%) over female (48.5%) was observed. The two most common etiology observed was Atypical febrile seizures (33.3%) and meningitis (22.7%). 57.5% children presented as first episode of seizure and duration of seizure was less than 2 hours in 65.1%.In our study, short term mortality rate was found to be 3% and morbidity was found to be 9% and meningitis was responsible for all the deaths. The mortality and morbidity in the form of neurodeficits were observed between the age group of 1 month to 3 years. Based on the duration of seizure lasting more than 8 hours, two third had mortality and one third had morbidity.Conclusions: Status epilepticus is a severe life threatening emergency with substantial morbidity and mortality. Major causes were due to atypical febrile seizure and meningitis. Patients with younger age, male sex and seizures lasting longer duration had higher mortality and morbidity, predicting the poor outcome.
A clinical study of incidence and etiology of apnea in newborn
Authors: L Rajith M , R. Punyashree 
Published: April 2017

Background: Apnea, defined as cessation of breathing resulting in pathological changes in heart rate and oxygen saturation, is a common occurrence especially in preterm neonates, apnea is not a disease and is a symptom of various diseases that affect neonates. Aim was to know the incidence and etiology of apnea in newborn in Indian setup.Methods: All admitted neonates who developed apnea is documented to know the incidence and selected cases were retrospectively studied to know the etiology.Results: Incidence of apnea was 19.92%, hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy and sepsis 25.67% each were the common etiologies.Conclusions: Occurrence of apnea definitely reflects the mortality rate in newborns. Incidence of apnea in general and apnea in term newborns in particular are significantly more in comparison with western data. The association of HIE and Sepsis, the potentially preventable causes, perpetuates the incidence of term apnea reflecting the bad obstetric care, poor infrastructure, illiteracy, poor health seeking behavior affecting the child health antenataly, nataly and post nataly. Incidence of apnea in premature newborns is almost comparable to western studies. The primary apnea which is the most common cause, is an uncontrollable entity affecting similarly the newborn community of developed and developing world. India’s taboo of having high infant mortality is once again reflected in the study.
Increasing trend in pediatric scrub typhus admissions in a tertiary care hospital, South India: Clinical profile and outcomes of cases over four years, 2011-2014.
Authors: K. Gandhimathi , Thekkur Pruthu , Majella Marie Gilbert , Selvaraj Kalaiselvi , Chinnakali Palanivel , Adhishivam Bethou , Bhat Vishnu B 
Published: April 2017

Background: In developing countries, clinical profile based empirical treatment is practiced for treating pediatric scrub typhus cases. Knowledge on pattern of symptoms and signs will help in early initiation of specific treatment. This study was aimed to describe clinical profile and trends in admissions of pediatric scrub typhus cases in a tertiary teaching hospital.Methods: A record based cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among all clinically diagnosed scrub typhus pediatric (<13 years of age) cases admitted between 1st January 2011 and 31st December 2014 in a tertiary teaching hospital, South India. Data on symptoms, signs, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome were extracted from clinical case records. Data were entered and analyzed using Epi Data software.Results: Of the total 228 cases, 124 (54.4%) were males, 131 (57.4%) were less than five years of age and 88% were from rural areas. Fever (100%), vomiting (61.2%) and cough (54.8%) were the most common symptoms. Hepatomegaly (88.6%), splenomegaly (64.5%), lymphadenopathy (48.7%), edema (43.4%) and eschar (38.6%) were the common signs observed. Anemia was present in 122 (59.8%) and thrombocytopenia in 75 (33.3%) children. Only one child (0.4%) died. There was an increasing trend in proportion of scrub typhus cases to overall admissions from 1% to 2.2% over four-year period (2011-2014). More cases were admitted between the months of September and January. Conclusions:Scrub typhus contributed to significant pediatric admissions in the tertiary care centre with an increase in cases over years. Treatment with doxycycline or azithromycin showed good response and mortality was very low
Factors influencing primary immunisation in and around Davangere District: hospital based study
Authors: D. V. Veeresh Babu , S. Latha G. , P. Mallikarjuna G. 
Published: April 2017

Background: Infectious diseases are major cause of mortality and morbidity in children. Immunisation is one of the cost effective and easy method of child survival. Universal immunisation of children against a common vaccine preventable diseases have been a goal of universal immunisation programme, but it remains to be done currently. Success of immunisation programme depends on understanding of the reasons for not immunizing a child, so present study was undertaken. The objective of present study was to find out the immunisation status and various reasons for partial or non-immunisation of child to assess the factors associated with immunisation.Methods: The present study was undertaken in the pediatric OPD of medical college hospital among children(n=194) in the age group of 12 to 60 months. Parents of 194 children were interviewed using preformed study proforma. Children were labelled as completely immunised, partially immunised, or non-immunised according to working definition. Various socioeconomic, demographic, cultural and behavioural factors found to influence immunisation status were outlined. Statistical analysis was done by using chi-square test, p value observed, <0.05 is considered significant.Results: There were 147 children’s (75.8%) who were completely immunised and 41 (21.1 %) partially immunised and 6 (3.1%) were non immunised. Immunisation status was significantly influenced by education of parents, type of family, socio economic status, place of delivery, distance of vaccination centre and locality. Sex of child and birth order has no impact. Most common reasons for partial immunisation (n=41) were education of parents (17%), rural children (23%), socioeconomic status (14%), place of delivery (28.8%), not advised by health worker (29%). Reasons for non-immunisation were (n=6) place of delivery (home=19%), non-availability of immunisation card (10%).Conclusions: The various factors found to influence the immunisation status of children need to address in order to achieve millennium development goal of reducing under five child mortality.
Gamut of congenital heart diseases in a tertiary center in South India: an ode to echocardiography
Authors: K Doddabasava , Philip Prijo , B Sumanth Shetty , Jacob Chinthu Sara , K Subramanyam 
Published: April 2017

Background: Echocardiography has supplanted clinical acumen in diagnosis of congenital heart diseases (CHDs). Prevalence rates of CHDs across various regions of the world are subject to change over the course of time, with increasing use of this diagnostic modality. Objective: To assess the prevalence and types of CHDs.Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary care center in South Karnataka, India. Transthoracic echocardiographic records of all patients suspected to have congenital heart disease, over a period of 60 months were analyzed. Categorization of data into acyanotic and cyanotic congenital heart disease, and further, into different types was done after an exhaustive search. Specific variables such as age, frequency and gender distribution of all kinds of CHDs were computed.Results: Of a total 112,372 pediatric patients who attended our center, 1451 reports of subjects suspected to have CHDs were analyzed. The prevalence was found to be 6.22 per 1000 subjects. Of the 700 subjects (48.24%) with CHD, 664 (94.85%) were diagnosed to have Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease and 36 (5.14%) were diagnosed to have Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease. Among the Acyanotic CHD, Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) was found to be the most common (40.21%) seconded by Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD) (21.53%). Among the 36 subjects diagnosed to have Cyanotic CHD, it was found that Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) was the most commonest lesion (61.11%).Conclusions: Increased utilization of Echocardiography as a diagnostic modality significantly helps to better appreciate ever varying prevalence rates and types of CHDs in different parts of India. Frequent longitudinal studies in this regard help in enhanced allocation of available resources and updating of available databases.
Relationship of Transcutaneous Billirubin with Serum Billirubin in Neonates with Jaundice
Authors: Arora Vivek , Singla Sanjay , Sharma Poornima , Ninama Rameshwar , Koli Harimohan 
Published: April 2017

Background: Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common problem in neonates with an incidence of about 60% in term babies and 80% in preterm babies. It is the commonest cause of admission to the hospitals in the newborn period. Studies comparing the correlation between total serum bilirubin (SBR) and transcutaneous bilirubin (TcB) have yielded different results. So, we planned this study to find out relationship between TcB and SBR values.Methods: A hospital based prospective study was done during March 2016 to September 2016, in which a total of 120 newborns including term and preterm who were admitted with neonatal jaundice in NICU, Maharana Bhupal Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan were assessed in terms of age, sex and weight and investigated for both TcB and SBR. The sample size was calculated at a confidence interval of 90% and allowable error of 15%.Results: Out of total 120 study subjects, 59 (49%) were males and 61 (51%) were females, out of which 53 (44%) were preterm and 67 (56%) were term neonates. Mean TcB and SBR values at the time of admission has a mean difference of 2.52 mg/dl with a p-value <0.001 (significant) on the other hand TcB and SBR at 24 hr of admission has a mean difference of 1.57 with a p-value >0.001, which is non-significant. TcB and SBR at 48 and 72 hr of admission also has a mean difference which is also non- significant (p >0.001).Conclusions: From present study, we conclude that there is no significant difference between TcB and SBR values at 24, 48 and 72 hrs after starting phototherapy. The values of TcB are equally reliable as SBR values.