bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improved hybrid Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithms for multi-objective optimization
Authors: Shankar K. , Baviskar Akshay S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to design an improved multi-objective algorithm with better spread and convergence than some current algorithms. The proposed application is for engineering design problems.

Design/methodology/approach
This study proposes two novel approaches which focus on faster convergence to the Pareto front (PF) while adopting the advantages of Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm-2 (SPEA2) for better spread. In first method, decision variables corresponding to the optima of individual objective functions (Utopia Point) are strategically used to guide the search toward PF. In second method, boundary points of the PF are calculated and their decision variables are seeded to the initial population.

Findings
The proposed methods are tested with a wide range of constrained and unconstrained multi-objective test functions using standard performance metrics. Performance evaluation demonstrates the superiority of proposed algorithms over well-known existing algorithms (such as NSGA-II and SPEA2) and recent ones such as NSLS and E-NSGA-II in most of the benchmark functions. It is also tested on an engineering design problem and compared with a currently used algorithm.

Practical implications
The algorithms are intended to be used for practical engineering design problems which have many variables and conflicting objectives. A complex example of Welded Beam has been shown at the end of the paper.

Social implications
The algorithm would be useful for many design problems and social/industrial problems with conflicting objectives.

Originality/value
This paper presents two novel hybrid algorithms involving SPEA2 based on: local search; and Utopia point directed search principles. This concept has not been investigated before.
Can Lean Six Sigma be used to reduce medication errors in the health-care sector?
Authors: Trakulsunti Yaifa , Antony Jiju 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the implementation of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) to reduce medication errors, by using four case examples. The paper will also suggest appropriate Lean and Sigma tools to improve the medication process.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors critically analyze four case examples that used LSS projects, to demonstrate the approach, benefits, success factors and lessons learnt.

Findings
LSS is a powerful process improvement methodology that could be applied by health-care sectors to reduce medication errors, increase patient safety and reduce operational costs. Common Lean and Six Sigma tools play a significant role in improving and sustaining the medication process.

Practical implications
It is necessary for the project team to select the most appropriate LSS tools to address medication process problems. Adoption of a LSS roadmap could help health-care organizations in the successful implementation of LSS.

Originality/value
The paper is valuable for health-care professionals seeking to reduce errors in the medication process or other processes that need to be improved.
HRM and product innovation: does innovative work behaviour mediate that relationship?
Authors: Sanz-Valle Raquel , Jiménez-Jiménez Daniel 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically analyse the mediator effect of innovative work behaviour (IWB) between the firm’s human resource management system and product innovation.Design/methodology/approachData are collected from 225 Spanish manufacture companies. Hypotheses are tested using structured equation modelling. The structural model is estimated through partial least squares modelling.FindingsThe results provide strong evidence about the effect of the system of human resource management practices on both, employee’s IWB and product innovation. Furthermore, findings support the idea that employee’s IWB mediates the relationship between human resource management and product innovation.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the study counts with the limitations of cross-sectional studies, its findings suggest that employees’ IWB fosters product innovation and that the adoption of a high-performance work system is positively associated to such behaviour.Practical implicationsThis paper shows that companies seeking to foster product innovation should pay attention to their employees’ behaviour. In particular, they should promote that employees engage in innovative behaviours, and that adopting high-performance human resource management practices can help in this line.Originality/valueAlthough a number of studies suggest that IWB is a key determinant of innovation and a mediator in the link between human resource management and innovation, there is no empirical research examining these relationships. This paper covers this gap detected in the literature and provides evidence supporting them.
Successes of quality management systems through self-evaluation and commitment in different organizational cultures
Authors: Krajcsák Zoltán 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to create a theoretical framework that shows how the specialties of the organizational culture relate to the success of quality management systems’ (QMSs) application. In addition to these variables, the dependent variables of employees’ self-evaluation and some dimensions of commitment are also analyzed.Design/methodology/approachUnsuccessful organizational implementations of ISO 9000, total quality management (TQM) and Six Sigma are presented in case studies. These conclusions are utilized to retrieve individual and organizational barriers to the variables considered in each culture.FindingsThe characteristics of adhocracy determine self-efficacy and professional commitment. Through high levels of these variables, Six Sigma can be suggested for adhocracies. The clan culture is characterized by a high level of affective commitment and self-esteem, which support the TQM together with the internal focus dimension of the culture. The market culture is characterized by a high level of continuance commitment and neuroticism, which support ISO 9000 standards together with the control dimension of the culture.Research limitations/implicationsThe limitation of the findings comes from the small sample size. The model presented is partly based on case studies; therefore, further research studies need to support or refute it.Practical implicationsIn the practical use of the results, QMSs can be selected more targeted, reducing the risk of failing quality improvement strategies.Social implicationsIncreasing and aligning quality and commitment in organizations supports the strengthening of individual and social well-being.Originality/valueThe study attempts to determine the most appropriate QMSs for organizational cultures in a complex way by analyzing the relationships between multiple organizational and individual variables.
Do new ways of working increase work engagement?
Authors: Gerards Ruud , de Grip Andries , Baudewijns Claudia 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to shed more light on the impact of the various facets of new ways of working (NWW) on employee work engagement, taking into account multiple sectors and occupational fields.

Design/methodology/approach
Insights from the literature and the job demands-resources model underpin the hypotheses on how NWW would affect work engagement. The hypotheses were tested using the Preacher and Hayes’ (2008) bootstrap method for multiple mediation and controls, taking into account two potential mediators between (facets of) NWW and work engagement: social interaction in the workplace and transformational leadership.

Findings
The analyses show that three facets of NWW – management of output, access to organizational knowledge, and a freely accessible open workplace – positively affect employees’ work engagement. The latter two facets appear to be fully mediated by social interaction and transformational leadership.

Practical implications
The results imply that firms should foster transformational leadership styles among their line managers, and social interaction in the workplaces, to maximize the positive impact of NWW on work engagement.

Originality/value
This empirical paper draws on a unique data set on the Dutch working population to provide novel insights with a substantial degree of generalizability into the relation between NWW and work engagement, whilst applying a more comprehensive definition of NWW than previously applied, while incorporating two potential mediators.
Revisiting the “give and take” in LMX
Authors: Han Yu , Sears Greg , Zhang Haiyan 
Published: January 2018

PurposeDrawing on principles of social exchange and equity theory, the purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between employee reports of leader-member exchange (LMX) and two types of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB): affiliative and change-oriented OCB. Further, equity sensitivity, a dispositional variable reflecting one’s tendency to “give” or “take” in their interpersonal interactions, was tested as a moderator of these effects.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from a sample of 240 manufacturing employees in China and their respective supervisors. Multilevel analyses were conducted to test the hypothesized effects.FindingsLMX was found to be positively associated with affiliative, but not change-oriented OCB. Equity sensitivity moderated these relationships, such that LMX was positively associated with both types of OCB when employees are benevolent, but not when they are entitled.Research limitations/implicationsGiven the different pattern of relationships that were observed between LMX and affiliative vs change-oriented OCB, the results suggest that LMX may differentially influence these two types of OCB. Future studies should continue to explore the role of dispositional traits in moderating the effects of LMX, including less desirable (“negative”) traits.Originality/valueVery few studies have examined the role of dispositional variables in moderating the effects of LMX. Consistent with principles of the social exchange and equity theory, the results suggest that LMX will only be associated with OCB when employees are benevolent (i.e. they are “givers”), and not when they are entitled (i.e. they are “getters”).
Why am I still doing this job? The examination of family motivation on employees’ work behaviors under abusive supervision
Authors: Tariq Hussain , Ding Donghong 
Published: January 2018

PurposeSynthesizing theories of prosocial motivation and action identification, the purpose of this paper is to test several hypotheses associating abusive supervisory behavior with employees’ work behaviors via intervening variables, i.e., intrinsic motivation and family motivation.Design/methodology/approachThe two-study examination of outcomes of abusive supervision stands in contrast to prior research, which has primarily focused on family motivation that influences supervisor-subordinate relationship. A lagged survey study at a Fortune 500 company and an experience sampling study at multi-organizations located in Anhui province of People’s Republic of China (PRC) support the moderated-mediation motivational model.FindingsIn the first study, designed as a lagged survey study, the authors found that abusive supervision is negatively associated with employees’ job performance and positively associated with employees’ turnover intentions. As anticipated, the results also found that family motivation moderates the direct relationship between abusive supervision and employees’ work behaviors. Furthermore, these results were then replicated and expanded in an experience sampling study. Consistent with the predictions, the authors found that intrinsic motivation acts as a mediator between abusive supervision and employees’ work behaviors and family motivation has the capacity to compensate for the absence of intrinsic motivation.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough the paper contributes to leadership and motivation literature, there are several noteworthy limitations to be discussed in the future. The subjective measurement, the validity of abusive supervision in the Chinese context and generalizing of the study in western countries are the key limitations of the study. Moreover, the authors measure abusive supervision only on high/low frequency based rather than high/low intensity. Hence, there is a possibility that intensity and frequency have dissimilar effects.Originality/valueThe study with meaningful implications on motivation and leadership research concludes that family as a powerful source of motivation encourages subordinates’ job performance and discourages employees’ turnover intentions at the workplace, even under abusive supervision.
Effort-reward imbalance at work: the role of job satisfaction
Authors: Devonish Dwayne 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of job satisfaction in the relationship between effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and burnout, turnover intentions, and mental health.Design/methodology/approachBased on a sample of 323 full-time employees in the small developing country in the Caribbean, this survey study tested a mediation model with job satisfaction depicting the relationship between ERI and various outcome variables. The model was compared to a partial mediation model.FindingsThe structural equation modelling (SEM) results revealed that the partial mediating model was superior to the full mediation model, suggesting that job satisfaction plays only a partial role in mediating the relationships between ERI and burnout, turnover intentions, and mental health.Research limitations/implicationsThe study presents a cross-sectional approach to model testing but the study controlled for CMV statistically using the common latent factor approach within latent SEM procedures.Practical implicationsOrganisations should ensure that employees’ efforts are appropriately and fairly rewarded as a means of reducing negative ERIs which can have adverse consequences on the physical and mental health of employees.Originality/valueUsing latent SEM procedures and statistical controls for CMV, the study examined job satisfaction as a potential mediator in a popular stressor-strain model.
Does perceived predation risk affect patterns of extra‐pair paternity? A field experiment in a passerine bird
Authors: Abbey‐Lee Robin N. , Araya‐Ajoy Yimen G. , Mouchet Alexia , Moiron Maria , Stuber Erica F. , Kempenaers Bart , Dingemanse Niels J. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Non‐consumptive predator effects have been shown to influence a wide range of behavioural, life history and morphological traits. Extra‐pair reproduction is widespread among socially monogamous birds and may incur predation costs. Consequently, altered rates of extra‐pair reproduction are expected in circumstances characterized by increased adult perceived predation risk.

In addition, extra‐pair reproduction is expected to be most affected for birds with phenotypes that generally increase predation risk (such as more active individuals).

In two consecutive years, perceived predation risk was manipulated for great tits Parus major breeding in 12 nest‐box plots by broadcasting sounds of their main predator (European sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus; six plots). As a control treatment, sounds of a sympatric, avian non‐predator species were broadcast (Eurasian blackbird Turdus merula; six plots).

Levels of extra‐pair paternity did not differ between plots with different predation risk treatments. Males that moved more in a novel environment (more active or “faster exploring”) tended to have offspring with fewer partners, but this effect did not vary with predation risk treatment.

From an adaptive viewpoint, predation costs associated with extra‐pair reproduction may be small and may not outweigh the benefits of extra‐pair behaviour. Research on a broader range of taxa with different mating strategies is now needed to confirm the generality of our findings.

A plain language summary is available for this article.
Decreases in beetle body size linked to climate change and warming temperatures
Authors: Tseng Michelle , Kaur Katrina M. , Soleimani Pari Sina , Sarai Karnjit , Chan Denessa , Yao Christine H. , Porto Paula , Toor Anmol , Toor Harpawantaj S. , Fograscher Katrina 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Body size is a fundamental ecological trait and is correlated with population dynamics, community structure and function, and ecosystem fluxes. Laboratory data from broad taxonomic groups suggest that a widespread response to a warming world may be an overall decrease in organism body size. However, given the myriad of biotic and abiotic factors that can also influence organism body size in the wild, it is unclear whether results from these laboratory assays hold in nature.

Here we use datasets spanning 30 to 100 years to examine whether the body size of wild‐caught beetles has changed over time, whether body size changes are correlated with increased temperatures, and we frame these results using predictions derived from a quantitative review of laboratory responses of 22 beetle species to temperature.

We found that 95% of laboratory‐reared beetles decreased in size with increased rearing temperature, with larger‐bodied species shrinking disproportionately more than smaller‐bodied beetles. In addition, the museum datasets revealed that larger‐bodied beetle species have decreased in size over time, that mean beetle body size explains much of the interspecific variation in beetle responses to temperature, and that long‐term beetle size changes are explained by increases in autumn temperature and decreases in spring temperature in this region.

Our data demonstrate that the relationship between body size and temperature of wild‐caught beetles matches relatively well with results from laboratory studies, and that variation in this relationship is largely explained by interspecific variation in mean beetle body size.

This long‐term beetle dataset is one of the most comprehensive arthropod body size datasets compiled to date, it improves predictions regarding the shrinking of organisms with global climate change, and together with the meta‐analysis data, call for new hypotheses to explain why larger‐bodied organisms may be more sensitive to temperature.
Invasion history alters the behavioural consequences of immune system activation in cane toads
Authors: Brown Gregory P. , Holden Damian , Shine Richard , Phillips Ben L. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Acute activation of the immune system often initiates a suite of behavioural changes. These “sickness behaviours”—involving lethargy and decreased activity—may be particularly costly on invasion fronts, where evolutionary pressures on dispersal favour individuals that move large distances.

We used a combination of field and laboratory studies to compare sickness behaviours of cane toads from populations differing in invasion history. To do this we stimulated immune system activation by injecting lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to mimic bacterial infection.

We predicted that LPS would result in less severe sickness behaviour in toads from range‐edge populations because they had undergone selection for rapid and sustained dispersal (activities in conflict with lethargy and decreased activity).

Contrary to our prediction, LPS injection caused a greater reduction in dispersal‐relevant traits in invasion‐front individuals than in conspecifics from the range‐core.

Our data suggest that the rapid invasion of cane toads through tropical Australia has seen an evolutionary shift in the magnitude of sickness behaviour elicited by pathogen infection. The increased sickness behaviour among range‐edge toads suggests a shift away from pathogen tolerance (seen in range‐core populations) towards resistance to pathogen attack. But as a consequence, when pathogens do become successfully established, toads from invasion‐front populations may have less capacity to tolerate their ill‐effects.
Using terrestrial haematophagous leeches to enhance tropical biodiversity monitoring programmes in Bangladesh
Authors: Weiskopf Sarah R. , McCarthy Kyle P. , Tessler Michael , Rahman Hasan A. , McCarthy Jennifer L. , Hersch Rebecca , Faisal Mohammad Muzaffar , Siddall Mark E. 
Published: January 2018

Abstract

Measuring mammal biodiversity in tropical rainforests is challenging, and methods that reduce effort while maximizing success are crucial for long‐term monitoring programmes. Commonly used methods to assess mammal biodiversity may require substantial sampling effort to be effective. Genetic methods are a new and important sampling tool on the horizon, but obtaining sufficient DNA samples can be a challenge.

We evaluated the efficacy of using parasitic leeches Haemadipsa spp., as compared to camera trapping, to sample biodiversity. We collected 200 leeches from four forest patches in northeast Bangladesh, and identified recent vertebrate hosts using Sanger sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene extracted from each individual leech's blood meals. We then compared these data to species data from camera trapping conducted in the same forest patches.

Overall, 41.9% of sequenced leeches contained amplifiable non‐human mammal DNA. Four days of collecting leeches led to the identification of 12 species, compared to 26 species identified in 1,334 camera trap nights.

Synthesis and applications. After assessing the cost, effort and power of each technique, there are pros and cons to both camera trapping and leech blood meal analysis. Camera trapping and leech collection appear to be complementary approaches. When used together, they may provide a more complete monitoring tool for mammal biodiversity in tropical rainforests. Managers should consider adding leech collection to their biodiversity monitoring toolkit, as improved information will allow managers to create more effective conservation programmes.
Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation improves glucose and lipid profiles in female offspring of dams exposed to cigarette smoke
Authors: Saad S , Al‐Odat I , Chan YL , McGrath KC , Pollock CA , Oliver BG , Chen H 
Published: January 2018

SummarySex differences in disease susceptibility due to maternal programming have been reported. We previously observed that maternal smoking induced renal disease and neurological changes are restricted to males, while both male and female offspring develop metabolic disorders. We have also found that maternal L‐carnitine supplementation during gestation and lactation can significantly improve glucose intolerance and hyperlipidaemia in male offspring. This study aimed to determine whether such beneficial effects can also occur in female offspring. Balb/c female mice were exposed to cigarette smoke (SE) 6 weeks prior to gestation, during gestation and lactation. A subgroup of the SE dams was given L‐carnitine (1.5 mmol/L in drinking water) during gestation and lactation. Female offspring were studied at 20 days (weaning) and 13 weeks (adulthood). Maternal smoking increased liver weight (%) and blood glucose levels at 20 days, as well as glucose intolerance and plasma triglycerides levels at adulthood (P < .05). The hepatic lipid metabolic marker adipose triglyceride lipase was downregulated in the SE offspring at 20 days (P < .05). At 13 weeks, the hepatic pro‐inflammatory markers IL‐1β and TNF‐α mRNA expression were upregulated, while the anti‐inflammatory marker IL‐10 mRNA expression was downregulated in the SE offspring (P < .05). Liver fibrosis was apparent at 20 days and 13 weeks. Maternal L‐carnitine supplementation either normalised or suppressed the detrimental effects induced by maternal smoke exposure (P < .05). We conclude that maternal L‐carnitine supplementation improves metabolic parameters in the female offspring of SE dams.