bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A luta pela terra no Brasil: sinal da passagem de Deus
Authors: Vitório Jaldemir 
Published: October 2017

<p>O tema da posse e do usufruto da terra, no Brasil, tornou-se problema desde a chegada dos conquistadores portugueses, no início do séc. XVI. Arrancada das mãos dos habitantes primitivos do solo brasileiro, a propriedade fundiária tornou assunto da Coroa Portuguesa, que transformou sua nova colônia em reservatório de inesgotáveis recursos naturais. As lutas para superar a exploração dos colonizadores começou desde cedo, numa tentativa de dar à terra sua destinação social, para além da visão mercantilista europeia. O Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) inscreve-se numa larga epopeia de luta pela terra, numa guerra sem trégua contra o latifúndio, tendo no horizonte a utopia do acesso de todos à terra, de modo especial, quem dela depende para trabalhar, produzir e sobreviver, na contramão do <em>agrobusiness</em> e sua ação destruidora do solo e do recursos naturais. Uma leitura teológica da ação MST detecta, nas entrelinhas do movimento, os sinais da passagem de Deus, como na história do Povo de Israel, libertado da terra da escravidão e conduzido à terra da fraternidade. </p>
Effect of Heating Spacing on Deformation Distribution of Line Heating Process
Authors: Han Xiaoshuang , Zhou Bo , Tan Soon-Keat 
Published: October 2017

Ship hull plate forming with line heating technique is an important process in the shipbuilding industry. An automatic line heating control system needs an accurate database of various processing parameters. In this study, a numerical model, calibrated and verified using experiment results, was used to study the deformation distribution of a plate corresponding to different heating line spacing. This paper presents the results based on a single-torch and multiple-torch process. The deformation distributions in the heating and nonheating regions were analyzed. The impacts of coupling effect among heating lines were deliberated.

1. Introduction
Line heating is an efficient plate forming process for many applications, such as ship hull forming, molding car body, and other curved objects. In the shipbuilding industry, this method is mainly used to create double-curved ship hull plates, especially for those plates near the bow and stern. Line heating is a complex nonlinear thermal process that involves thermodynamics, elastic-plastic mechanics, and metallurgy. Many researchers have conducted studies on the mechanism of line heating process to predict the final shape of the metal plate according to the heating conditions and mechanical properties of the plate (Moshaiov & Vorus 1987; Ueda et al. 1994a, 1994b, 1994c; Ji & Liu 2001); others performed numerical analysis with thermal elastic-plastic models to determine the parameters in line heating process (Jang et al. 1997; Yu et al. 1999,2001; Yu 2000; Wang et al. 2006). Many experimental works were carried out to verify the thermal elastic-plastic models (Moshaiov & Shin 1991; Liu et al. 2006; Zhou et al. 2014a). The effects of parallel and cross heating lines were discussed recently (Zhou et al. 2014b; Vega et al. 2015). Residual stress among the steel plate was studied to reveal the relationship of different heating conditions.
Different heat sources have been used in line heating process, and they include gas torch(Tomita et al. 2001; Jong & Jong 2003), laser beam (Kyrsanidi et al. 1999), welding arc (Kitamura et al. 1996), and high-frequency induction heating (Ogawa et al. 1994; Lee & Hwang 2014). In all heat sources, gas torch is most frequently used as it was and still is the cheapest and most readily available heating source in most shipyards.
Scholar 7: The Development of Regional Community Hospitals’ Scholastic Environment
Authors: Peppers Brian P. , Varma Priya , Kim Yoon Mi , Hostoffer Robert W. , Rowane Michael P. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The importance of increasing scholarly activity has been highlighted among residency programs currently accredited by the American Osteopathic Association (AOA) to ensure a smooth transition to the single accreditation system. The Scholar 7 program, a series of seven 2-hour sessions, was created to aid faculty and residents in the pursuit of scholarly work and to facilitate change in an entire community hospital system's environment by creating a self-replicating scholarly culture in a timely and cost-efficient manner. Skills were taught by means of preparation and submission of a research protocol to the institutional review board (IRB) along with grant proposals. The authors tracked scholarly work, IRB submissions, and grants awarded to participants during the 2015-2016 academic year. The results were compared in a post-hoc fashion with previous classes since 2007-2008 within the same hospitals system. The Scholar 7 program successfully aided faculty in achieving their required pursuit of scholarly work in 8 months. This program has the potential to help AOA-focused residency programs meet the scholarly requirements of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education.
Variability of Indonesian Throughflow and Borneo Runoff During the Last 14 kyr
Authors: Hendrizan Marfasran , Kuhnt Wolfgang , Holbourn Ann 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe present a high‐resolution (~20 to 100 years temporal resolution) reconstruction of hydrological changes in the Makassar Strait over the last 14 kyr from Core SO217‐18517 retrieved off the Mahakam Delta (1°32.198′S, 117°33.756′E; 698 m water depth) during the SO217 Makassar‐Java Cruise. Sea surface temperatures, based on Mg/Ca of Globigerinoides ruber and alkenone UK′37, and seawater δ18O reconstructions, based on G. ruber δ18O and Mg/Ca, in combination with sortable silt grain size measurements and X‐ray fluorescence (XRF) core scanner derived elemental data provide evidence for increased precipitation during the Bølling‐Allerød (BA) and early Holocene and for warmer and more saline surface waters and a decrease in the intensity of the Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) during the Younger Dryas (YD). XRF derived Log (Zr/Rb) records, sortable silt data and increased sedimentation rates indicate decreased winnowing, interpreted as a slowdown of the ITF thermocline flow during the YD. We attribute this decline in ITF intensity to slowdown of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation during the YD. We suggest that changes in Makassar Strait surface hydrology during this interval of Northern Hemisphere cooling and Southern Hemisphere warming were related to a southward displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone.
Buffering of Ocean Export Production by Flexible Elemental Stoichiometry of Particulate Organic Matter
Authors: Tanioka Tatsuro , Matsumoto Katsumi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOne of the most important factors that determine the ocean‐atmosphere carbon partitioning is the sinking of particulate organic matter (POM) from the surface ocean to the deep ocean. The amount of carbon (C) removed from the surface ocean by this POM export production depends critically on the elemental ratio in POM of C to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), two essential elements that limit productivity. Recent observations indicate that P:N:C in marine POM varies both spatially and temporally due to chemical, physical, and ecological dynamics. In a new approach to predicting a flexible P:C ratio, we developed a power law model with a stoichiometry sensitivity factor, which is able to relate P:C of POM to ambient phosphate concentration. The new factor is robust, measurable, and biogeochemically meaningful. Using the new stoichiometry sensitivity factor, we present a first‐order estimate that P:C plasticity could buffer against a generally expected future reduction in global carbon export production by up to 5% under a future warming scenario compared to a fixed, Redfield P:C. Further, we demonstrate that our new stoichiometry model can be implemented successfully and easily in a global model to reproduce the large‐scale P:N:C variability in the ocean.
Reconstructing Past Seasonal to Multicentennial‐Scale Variability in the NE Atlantic Ocean Using the Long‐Lived Marine Bivalve MolluskGlycymeris glycymeris
Authors: Reynolds D. J. , Hall I. R. , Slater S. M. , Scourse J. D. , Halloran P. R. , Sayer M. D. J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe lack of long‐term, highly resolved (annual to subannual) and absolutely dated baseline records of marine variability extending beyond the instrumental period (last ~50–100 years) hinders our ability to develop a comprehensive understanding of the role the ocean plays in the climate system. Specifically, without such records, it remains difficult to fully quantify the range of natural climate variability mediated by the ocean and to robustly attribute recent changes to anthropogenic or natural drivers. Here we present a 211 year (1799–2010 C.E.; all dates hereafter are Common Era) seawater temperature (SWT) reconstruction from the northeast Atlantic Ocean derived from absolutely dated, annually resolved, oxygen isotope ratios recorded in the shell carbonate (δ18Oshell) of the long‐lived marine bivalve molluskGlycymeris glycymeris. The annual record was calibrated using subannually resolved δ18Oshellvalues drilled from multiple shells covering the instrumental period. Calibration verification statistics and spatial correlation analyses indicate that the δ18Oshellrecord contains significant skill at reconstructing Northeast Atlantic Ocean mean summer SWT variability associated with changes in subpolar gyre dynamics and the North Atlantic Current. Reconciling differences between the δ18Oshelldata and corresponding growth increment width chronology demonstrates that 68% of the variability inG.glycymerisshell growth can be explained by the combined influence of biological productivity and SWT variability. These data suggest thatG.glycymeriscan provide seasonal to multicentennial absolutely dated baseline records of past marine variability that will lead to the development of a quantitative understanding of the role the marine environment plays in the global climate system.
Cure Frailty Models
Authors: Yuan Mengdie , Zhang Xiangmin , Diao Guoqing 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA cure frailty model is often used to model correlated survival data when not all the subjects would develop the event of interest. In this article, we describe the components of a cure frailty model and review the development of the model. A mixture cure frailty model and its estimation approach are then illustrated assuming a Cox model and the shared gamma frailty for the uncured subpopulation. Applications of various cure frailty models are also summarized. We conclude the article with brief discussions of the challenges and opportunities for future research in this area.
Evaluation of the Transcriptome and Genome to Inform the Study of Metabolic Control in Plants
Authors: Thimm Oliver , Bläsing Oliver E. , Usadel Björn , Gibon Yves 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionTranscript Profiling TechnologiesTranscript Profiling WorkflowWhat Can We Learn from Transcript Profiles Performed in a Starchless Mutant?Conclusion/PerspectivesAcknowledgements
The Use of Proteomics in the Study of Metabolic Control
Authors: Sweetlove Lee J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionProteomic MethodologiesCataloging Protein LocalizationQuantitative Analyses of the ProteomeThe Use of Proteomics to Investigate Post‐Translational Modification of ProteinsThe Use of Proteomics to Investigate Protein–Protein InteractionsFuture Perspectives
Metabolite Transporters in the Control of Plant Primary Metabolism
Authors: Tegeder Mechthild , Weber Andreas P. M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe sections in this article areIntroductionPhotoassimilation and Assimilate Transport in Source CellsNitrogen AssimilationAmino Acid and Isoprenoid MetabolismSucrose and Amino Acid Loading into the Phloem for Long‐Distance TransportPhloem Unloading in Sinks and Assimilate Transport to Developing SeedsAssimilate Transport and Metabolism in Sink CellsConcluding RemarksAcknowledgements
Simultaneous Optimization of Carrier Concentration and Alloy Scattering for Ultrahigh Performance GeTe Thermoelectrics
Authors: Li Juan , Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Xinyue , Yu Hulei , Wu Zihua , Xie Huaqing , Chen Yue , Pei Yanzhong 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn order to locate the optimal carrier concentrations for peaking the thermoelectric performance in p‐type group IV monotellurides, existing efforts focus on aliovalent doping, either to increase (in PbTe) or to decrease (in SnTe and GeTe) the hole concentration. The limited solubility of aliovalent dopants usually introduces insufficient phonon scattering for thermoelectric performance maximization. With a decrease in the size of cation, the concentration of holes, induced by cation vacancies in intrinsic compounds, increases rapidly from ≈1018 cm−3 in PbTe to ≈1020 cm−3 in SnTe and then to ≈1021 cm−3 in GeTe. This motivates a strategy here for reducing the carrier concentration in GeTe, by increasing the mean size of cations and vice‐versa decreasing the average size of anions through isovalent substitutions for increased formation energy of cation vacancy. A combination of the simultaneously resulting strong phonon scattering due to the high solubility of isovalent impurities, an ultrahigh thermoelectric figure of merit, zT of 2.2 is achieved in GeTe–PbSe alloys. This corresponds to a 300% enhancement in average zT as compared to pristine GeTe. This work not only demonstrates GeTe as a promising thermoelectric material but also paves the way for enhancing the thermoelectric performance in similar materials.
Ultrafast RESET Analysis of HfOx‐Based RRAM by Sub‐Nanosecond Pulses
Authors: Wang Chen , Wu Huaqiang , Gao Bin , Wu Wei , Dai Lingjun , Li Xinyi , Qian He 
Published: October 2017

AbstractUltrafast switching is an attractive performance for resistive random access memory (RRAM) as one of the next‐generation nonvolatile memory options. A high‐speed measurement setup is designed and constructed to characterize the RESET operation of HfOx‐based RRAM device with sub‐nanosecond pulse. The analysis of the RESET process is quantitatively performed by studying the relationship between resistance and pulse conditions. Experimental data show that stable resistive switching can be achieved by sub‐nanosecond pulse on HfOx‐based RRAM. A compact model is built based on high‐speed RESET measurement results, and it is found that the oxygen ions migration driven by the electric field is the dominant factor during the sub‐nanosecond pulse RESET process rather than thermal effect. It demonstrates HfOx‐based RRAM has great potential on extremely high‐speed memory applications.
Pooled analysis of the HLA‐DRB1 by smoking interaction in Parkinson disease
Authors: Chuang Yu‐Hsuan , Lee Pei‐Chen , Vlaar Tim , Mulot Claire , Loriot Marie‐Anne , Hansen Johnni , Lill Christina M. , Ritz Beate , Elbaz Alexis 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveInflammatory response plays an important role in Parkinson disease (PD). Previous studies have reported an association between human leukocyte antigen (HLA)‐DRB1 and the risk of PD. There has also been growing interest in investigating whether inflammation‐related genes interact with environmental factors such as smoking to influence PD risk. We performed a pooled analysis of the interaction between HLA‐DRB1 and smoking in PD in 3 population‐based case–control studies from Denmark and France.MethodsWe included 2,056 cases and 2,723 controls from 3 PD studies (Denmark, France) that obtained information on smoking through interviews. Genotyping of the rs660895 polymorphism in the HLA‐DRB1 region was based on saliva or blood DNA samples. To assess interactions, we used logistic regression with product terms between rs660895 and smoking. We performed random‐effects meta‐analysis of marginal associations and interactions.ResultsBoth carrying rs660895‐G (AG vs AA: odds ratio [OR] = 0.81; GG vs AA: OR = 0.56; p‐trend = 0.003) and ever smoking (OR = 0.56, p < 0.001) were inversely associated with PD. A multiplicative interaction was observed between rs660895 and smoking using codominant, additive (interaction parameter = 1.37, p = 0.005), and dominant (interaction parameter = 1.54, p = 0.001) genetic models without any heterogeneity (I² = 0.0%); the inverse association of rs660895‐(AG+GG) with PD seen in never smokers (OR = 0.64, p < 0.001) disappeared among ever smokers (OR = 1.00, p = 0.99). Similar interactions were observed when we investigated light and heavy smokers separately.InterpretationOur study provides the first evidence that smoking modifies the previously reported inverse association of rs660895‐G with PD, and suggests that smoking and HLA‐DRB1 are involved in common pathways, possibly related to neuroinflammation. Ann Neurol 2017;82:655–664
Serum tau and neurological outcome in cardiac arrest
Authors: Mattsson Niklas , Zetterberg Henrik , Nielsen Niklas , Blennow Kaj , Dankiewicz Josef , Friberg Hans , Lilja Gisela , Insel Philip S. , Rylander Christian , Stammet Pascal , Aneman Anders , Hassager Christian , Kjaergaard Jesper , Kuiper Michael , Pellis Tommaso , Wetterslev Jørn , Wise Matthew , Cronberg Tobias 
Published: October 2017

ObjectiveTo test serum tau as a predictor of neurological outcome after cardiac arrest.MethodsWe measured the neuronal protein tau in serum at 24, 48, and 72 hours after cardiac arrest in 689 patients in the prospective international Target Temperature Management trial. The main outcome was poor neurological outcome, defined as Cerebral Performance Categories 3–5 at 6 months.ResultsIncreased tau was associated with poor outcome at 6 months after cardiac arrest (median = 38.5, interquartile range [IQR] = 5.7–245ng/l in poor vs median = 1.5, IQR = 0.7–2.4ng/l in good outcome, for tau at 72 hours, p < 0.0001). Tau improved prediction of poor outcome compared to using clinical information (p < 0.0001). Tau cutoffs had low false‐positive rates (FPRs) for good outcome while retaining high sensitivity for poor outcome. For example, tau at 72 hours had FPR = 2% (95% CI = 1–4%) with sensitivity = 66% (95% CI = 61–70%). Tau had higher accuracy than serum neuron‐specific enolase (NSE; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.91 for tau vs 0.86 for NSE at 72 hours, p = 0.00024). During follow‐up (up to 956 days), tau was significantly associated with overall survival. The accuracy in predicting outcome by serum tau was equally high for patients randomized to 33 °C and 36 °C targeted temperature after cardiac arrest.InterpretationSerum tau is a promising novel biomarker for prediction of neurological outcome in patients with cardiac arrest. It may be significantly better than serum NSE, which is recommended in guidelines and currently used in clinical practice in several countries to predict outcome after cardiac arrest. Ann Neurol 2017;82:665–675
One‐Pot Synthesis of ABCDE Multiblock Copolymers with Hydrophobic, Hydrophilic, and Semi‐Fluorinated Segments
Authors: Anastasaki Athina , Oschmann Bernd , Willenbacher Johannes , Melker Anna , Van Son Martin H. C. , Truong Nghia P. , Schulze Morgan W. , Discekici Emre H. , McGrath Alaina J. , Davis Thomas P. , Bates Christopher M. , Hawker Craig J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe scope and accessibility of sequence‐controlled multiblock copolymers is demonstrated by direct “in situ” polymerization of hydrophobic, hydrophilic and fluorinated monomers. Key to the success of this strategy is the ability to synthesize ABCDE, EDCBA and EDCBABCDE sequences with high monomer conversions (>98 %) through iterative monomer additions, yielding excellent block purity and low overall molar mass dispersities (Ð<1.16). Small‐angle X‐ray scattering showed that certain sequences can form well‐ordered mesostructures. This synthetic approach constitutes a simple and versatile platform for expanding the availability of tailored polymeric materials from readily available monomers.
Differential Epitope Mapping by STD NMR Spectroscopy To Reveal the Nature of Protein–Ligand Contacts
Authors: Monaco Serena , Tailford Louise E. , Juge Nathalie , Angulo Jesus 
Published: October 2017

AbstractSaturation transfer difference (STD) NMR spectroscopy is extensively used to obtain epitope maps of ligands binding to protein receptors, thereby revealing structural details of the interaction, which is key to direct lead optimization efforts in drug discovery. However, it does not give information about the nature of the amino acids surrounding the ligand in the binding pocket. Herein, we report the development of the novel method differential epitope mapping by STD NMR (DEEP‐STD NMR) for identifying the type of protein residues contacting the ligand. The method produces differential epitope maps through 1) differential frequency STD NMR and/or 2) differential solvent (D2O/H2O) STD NMR experiments. The two approaches provide different complementary information on the binding pocket. We demonstrate that DEEP‐STD NMR can be used to readily obtain pharmacophore information on the protein. Furthermore, if the 3D structure of the protein is known, this information also helps in orienting the ligand in the binding pocket.
Consecutive Transformations of Tetrafluoropropenes: Hydrogermylation and Catalytic C−F Activation Steps at a Lewis Acidic Aluminum Fluoride
Authors: Meißner Gisa , Kretschmar Konrad , Braun Thomas , Kemnitz Erhard 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFunctionalization reactions of the refrigerants HFO‐1234yf (2,3,3,3‐tetrafluoropropene) and HFO‐1234ze (1,3,3,3‐tetrafluoropropene) were developed. The selectivity and reactivity towards CF3 groups of C−F activation reactions can be controlled by employing either a germane or a silane as the hydrogen source. Unique transformations were designed to accomplish consecutive hydrogermylation and C−F activation steps. This allowed for an unprecedented transformation of an olefinic C−F bond into a C−H bond by heterogeneous catalysis. These reactions are catalyzed by nanoscopic aluminum chlorofluoride (ACF) under very mild conditions.
Die Struktur von Mn(acac)3 – experimenteller Beleg für einen statischen Jahn‐Teller‐Effekt in der Gasphase
Authors: Berger Raphael J. F. , Girichev Georgiy V. , Giricheva Nina I. , Petrova Angelika A. , Tverdova Natalya V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractDie Struktur von freiem Mangan(III)tris(acetylacetonat) [Mn(acac)3] wurde mit massenspektrometrisch kontrollierter Gasphasenelektronenbeugung bestimmt. Mn(acac)3‐Gas besteht bei 125(5) °C aus einem einzigen C2‐symmetrischen Konformer von Mn(acac)3 mit einem tetragonal gedehnten MnO6‐Oktaeder als zentralem Strukturmotiv und aus 47(2) Mol‐% Acetylaceton (Hacac), das sich durch teilweise thermische Zersetzung aus Mn(acac)3 bildet. Drei Typen von Mn‐O‐Abständen ergaben sich aus der Verfeinerung (rh1=2.157(16), 1.946(5) und 1.932(5) Å). Wir fanden keine Anzeichen für merkliche Abweichungen der sechsgliedrigen Ringe ‐C‐C‐C‐O‐Mn‐O‐ von der Planarität, die man im Festkörper beobachtet.
Enantioselective Rhodium‐Catalyzed Coupling of Arylboronic Acids, 1,3‐Enynes, and Imines by Alkenyl‐to‐Allyl 1,4‐Rhodium(I) Migration
Authors: Callingham Michael , Partridge Benjamin M. , Lewis William , Lam Hon Wai 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA chiral rhodium complex catalyzes the highly enantioselective coupling of arylboronic acids, 1,3‐enynes, and imines to give homoallylic sulfamates. The key step is the generation of allylrhodium(I) species by alkenyl‐to‐allyl 1,4‐rhodium(I) migration.