bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanoparticles Ecotoxicity on Daphnia magna
Authors: Khoshnood Reza , Jaafarzadeh Neamat , Jamili Shahla , Farshchi Parvin , Taghavi Lobat 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
In recent years, development of nanotechnology as well as the toxicity potential of nanomaterials on the environment has received much attention. In order to assess the potential toxic impact of nanoparticles on aquatic environments, we used three kinds of nanoparticles, including titanium dioxide (TiO2), copper oxide (CuO), and zinc oxide (ZnO) on an aquatic model species, Daphnia magna. In fact, Daphnia magna was exposed to different concentrations for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h at 20-25°C. All the important water quality parameters, such as temperature, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO) were controlled to meet the standard requirements during the experiment. The LC50 values for 24, 48, 72, and 96 h were estimated statistically using Probit methods. The LC50 48 h values for TiO2, CuO, and ZnO were 171.88 mg/l, 6.62 mg/l, and 3.23 mg/l, respectively.
An Improved Bound for the Star Discrepancy of Sequences in the Unit Interval
Authors: Larcher Gerhard , Puchhammer Florian 
Published: January 2017

Abstract
It is known that there is a constant c > 0 such that for every sequence x
1, x
2, . . . in [0, 1) we have for the star discrepancy

D
N
*

$D_N^* $

of the first N elements of the sequence that

ND
N
*

≥
c
⋅
log
⁡
N

$ND_N^* \ge c \cdot \log N$

holds for infinitely many N. Let c
∗ be the supremum of all such c with this property. We show c
∗ > 0.065664679 . . . , thereby slightly improving the estimates known until now.
Prevalencia y conocimientos de estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad pública sobre el cuidado a la persona que consume drogas lícitas
Authors: Medina-Fernández Josue Arturo , Ortiz-Gómez Laura Dioné 
Published: January 2017

Introducción. El abuso de drogas lícitas se constituye en uno de los principales problemas de salud pública a nivel internacional y nacional. En México, la Encuesta Nacional de Adicciones 2011 reporta que el 53,9% de adultos consume alcohol y el 19,9%, tabaco; en Yucatán, la proporción de adultos que consumía alcohol fue de 52,6% y tabaco, de 17,7%. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la prevalencia y el nivel de conocimientos de estudiantes de enfermería de una universidad pública sobre el cuidado a la persona que consume drogas lícitas. Método. Utilizando una metodología cuantitativa, de corte transversal; con muestreo aleatorio estratificado por semestre, y selección por muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicó el cuestionario CDCCP, para obtener datos sociodemográficos, así como la prevalencia en alcohol y tabaco. Se aplicó el instrumento NEADA α=0.70 para medir el nivel de conocimientos respecto del cuidado a la persona que consume drogas lícitas. Se encuestó a 74 estudiantes, 56.8% mujeres y un 43.2% hombres; x=21.14, =2.462 años. Resultados. La prevalencia del consumo de los estudiantes fue de 81,1% de alcohol y 51,1%, de tabaco. De acuerdo con el NEADA, se obtuvo un x=20,15 puntos y =2,280 puntos, que corresponde a un nivel medio de conocimientos. Conclusión. Los estudiantes de pregrado presentaron una prevalencia global elevada del consumo y un nivel de conocimientos medio sobre el cuidado al paciente que consume drogas licitas, lo que sugiere, el desarrollo de programas de salud dirigidos a los estudiantes a fin de reducir o evitar el aumento de la prevalencia del consumo. Por otro lado, se observa la necesidad de reforzar los conocimientos del estudiante de pregrado para la atención a pacientes consumidores, las condiciones crónicas, psicológicas y sociales inherentes.
Dohányzói életutak magyar serdülők körében
Authors: Pénzes Melinda , Czeglédi Edit , Balázs Péter , Urbán Róbert 
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Understanding adolescent smoking trajectories is necessary for tailored prevention programs. Aim: To identify adolescent cigarette use patterns and risk factors of smoking trajectories by a longitudinal study. Method: We conducted a three-year prospective survey in two age cohorts (6th and 9th school grades) of metropolitan adolescents (n = 1,092) with yearly data collection by self-administered questionnaires. Five smoking trajectory groups were defined by cigarette smoking data. Results: 67.5% of the sample remained nonsmoker, 11.3% smoked all the time, 14.3% were initiators, 3.3% quitters and 3.7% experimenters. Members of smoking trajectory groups differed significantly from each other according to number of smoking friends, parental smoking, family structure, academic achievement and weekly allowance at baseline. Conclusions: Concerning tobacco prevention programs, adolescents are not homogenous population, because distinct set of risk factors are highlighted in their different smoking behavior groups. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(2), 67–76.
Spontán bakteriális peritonitis
Authors: Velkey Bálint , Vitális Eszter , Vitális Zsuzsanna 
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis occurs most commonly in cirrhotic patients with ascites. Pathogens get into the circulation by intestinal translocation and colonize in peritoneal fluid. Diagnosis of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis is based on elevated polymorphonuclear leukocyte count in the ascites (>0,25 G/L). Ascites culture is often negative but aids to get information about antibiotic sensitivity in positive cases. Treatment in stable patient can be intravenous then orally administrated ciprofloxacin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, while in severe cases intravenous III. generation cephalosporin. Nosocomial spontaneous bacterial peritonitis often caused by Gram-positive bacteria and multi-resistant pathogens can also be expected thus carbapenem should be the choice of the empiric treatment. Antibiotic prophylaxis should be considered. Norfloxacin is used most commonly, but changes are expected due to increase in quinolone resistance. As a primary prophylaxis, a short-term antibiotic treatment is recommended after gastrointestinal bleeding for 5 days, while long-term prophylaxis is for patients with low ascites protein, and advanced disease (400 mg/day). Secondary prophylaxis is recommended for all patients recovered from spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. Due to increasing antibiotic use of antibiotics prophylaxis is debated to some degree. Orv. Hetil., 2017, 158(2), 50–57.
Új low back pain prevenciós mozgásprogram, amely javítja a törzsizmok állapotát és a lumbalis motoros kontrollt
Authors: Kovácsné Bobály Viktória , Szilágyi Brigitta , Makai Alexandra , Koller Ákos , Járomi Melinda 
Published: January 2017

Abstract: Introduction: Ballet dancers often suffer from low back pain. Aim: Low back pain can be reduced by strengthening the core muscles with the help of a special exercise program. Materials and methods: In the study 62 ballet dancer women (average age: 14.89 ± 1.21 years) were included. Intervention group: n = 30 participant, average age: 14.86 ± 1.00 years, control group: n = 32 participant, average age: 14.91 ± 1.37 years. We examined the pain intensity that occurs during training with visual analog scale, the habitual posture with photogrammetry, the abdominal muscle strength with Kraus–Weber test, the static muscle strength of the trunk muscles with core test and the lumbar motor control with leg lowering test. The intervention group did a trunk prevented exercise program during 3 months, and then we examined them again. Results: In the intervention group the intensity of pain significantly decreased (VAS1: p = 0.012; VAS2: p = 0.021), the abdominal muscle strength significantly improved (K–W. B: p=0.025; K–W. C: p<0.001), the static muscle strength of trunk muscles significantly increased (Core-test: p<0.001) and the lumbar motor control significantly improved in both legs (Leg low. R.: p<0.001; Leg low. L.: p<0.001). Also, the habitual posture greatly improved (frontal view: 34.78%, side view: 52.17%). Conclusion: In ballet dancers with a special exercise program, which improves the conditions of trunk muscles, the motor control of lumbar regions can be improved and the lower back pain and the incidence of injuries can be reduced. Orv., Hetil., 2017, 158(2), 58–66.
МЕТОД РОЗРАХУНКУ РІЧНОГО СПОЖИВАННЯ ХОЛОДУ СИСТЕМ КОНДИЦІЮВАННЯ ПОВІТРЯ
Authors: Жихарєва Н. В. 
Published: January 2017

Використовуючи основні принципи моделювання розроблено метод розрахунку річного споживання холоду систем кондиціювання повітря. Вихідними даними є: місце розташування будівлі та місцеві метеорологічні умови за даними багаторічних спостережень; розрахункове барометричний тиск; число робочих днів, змін; масові витрати припливного повітря G, зовнішнього Gн і рециркуляційного Gр; коефіцієнт рециркуляції; постійне або змінне значення ентальпії повітря hp, що рециркулює, і охолодженого повітря hох; температура tв (оС) і ентальпія повітря hв в приміщенні. На основі бази даних табличних середньомісячних значень температур tн.м. (oC) зовнішнього повітря і парціального тиску водяної пари Рн (кПа) методом інтерполяції сплайнів визначається середньомісячне значення ентальпій hн.м., сумарна питома витрата холоду, віднесена до одиниці повітря виробництва систем кондиціювання повітря, річна витрата холоду з урахуванням безрозмірних множників. Розроблений метод дозволяє проводити зіставлення альтернативних варіантів систем кондиціювання повітря при їх оптимізації.
Complications of Exercise Echocardiography. Analysis of a Cohort of 19,239 patients
Authors: Peteiro Jesus , Bouzas-Mosquera Alberto 
Published: January 2017

<p><strong>Highlights</strong></p><p><strong></strong>We analyzed complications of exercise echocardiography in 19,239 studies, performed in a 21-year-period, finding just 19 cases with major complications, without any death. </p>
A Case of Conservative Treatment of Postsurgical Aortic False Aneurysm
Authors: Follis Fabrizio , Raffa Giuseppe Maria , Montalbano Giuseppe , Mamone Giuseppe , Follis Marco 
Published: January 2017

<p>A 51-year-old male underwent replacement of the ascending aorta for acute type A dissection. The post-operative course was uncomplicated, and he was discharged home. Approximately a month later, control CT revealed an enlarging pseudoaneurysm of the proximal anastomosis. The patient was re-operated, and a Bentall operation with mechanical prosthesis was performed. Again, surgery was uncomplicated, but follow-up CT scan revealed a recurrent small pseudoaneurysm of the proximal suture line. He was managed with close observation, and control CT at four months showed complete resolution. Conservative treatment of small postsurgical pseudoaneurysms is discussed. </p>
Improving myocardial protection. The key variables, which effect troponin release after CABG.
Authors: Sladden David , Schembri Kevin , Camilleri Liberato , Xuereb Robert , Galea Joseph 
Published: January 2017

<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Background</span></p><p>Myocardial cell ischaemic injury during cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic crossclamp remains a key limiting factor to patient outcomes in coronary artery bypass grafting. Troponin I has been shown to be an effective indicator of myocardial ischaemic injury and achieves peak levels early post-operatively.</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Methods</span></p><p>All consenting CABG patients from one centre, during a one year period, were recruited. All surgeries were performed using identical techniques besides the cardioplegia volume and number of doses. Troponin I levels were checked regularly post-operatively until a peak troponin I level was ascertained. All the patient demographics, crossclamp times, bypass times and cardioplegia dosing were analysed using multiple combinations of statistical tools.</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Results</span></p><p>172 patients were included in the study and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was found to be significant as a single variable (p=0.033). The combination of CBP time and ischaemia time (p=0.002) and the combination of CPB time and multidose cardioplegia (p=0.009), were both found to significantly effect peak troponin I levels. Another analysis was performed on the volume of cardioplegia used. While this was not significant as an individual variable it did become significant when combined with ischaemia time at a threshold total cardioplegia volume of 750mls (p=0.026).</p><p><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Conclusions</span></p><p>The conclusion therefore is that using over 750mls of cardioplegia in multiple doses will safely protect against an ischaemia time of up to 62min. However there is no protection against the CPB time, which proved to have the most impact on myocardial cell damage in our practice. </p>
Procedure for Changing an Impella Device While Maintaining Guide Wire Access: A Novel Technique
Authors: Khachatryan Tigran , Lan Howard , Narasimha Deepika , Jutzy Ken , Hilliard Anthony , Siddiqui Danish , Abudayyeh Islam 
Published: January 2017

<strong>Highlights</strong> <p class="BodyA">We describe a novel technique to exchange an Impella over a guide-wire, preserving the arteriotomy access and to lower the risks of vascular complications. We describe this technique in the context of two interesting cases. The first case is of a young man with myocarditis and cardiogenic shock from a previously undiagnosed systemic lupus erythematous. The second case is of a woman with ST elevation myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock requiring complex percutaneous intervention. The implantation of Impella CP served as circulatory support in these cases as myocardium recovered but was complicated by access site bleeding. We were able to remove the Impella device while maintaining the access sheath to allow for adequate hemostasis prior to sheath removal. We believe the readers of the journal will find these images and technique interesting and useful in their own practice. </p>
Food Insecurity and Chronic Diseases Among American Indians in Rural Oklahoma: The THRIVE Study
Authors: Blue Bird Jernigan Valarie , Wetherill Marianna S. , Hearod Jordan , Jacob Tvli , Salvatore Alicia L. , Cannady Tamela , Grammar Mandy , Standridge Joy , Fox Jill , Spiegel Jennifer , Wiley AnDina , Noonan Carolyn , Buchwald Dedra 
Published: January 2017

Objectives. To examine food insecurity and cardiovascular disease–related health outcomes among American Indians (AIs) in rural Oklahoma.Methods. We surveyed a cross-sectional sample of 513 AI adults to assess food insecurity domains (i.e., food quality and quantity) and obesity, diabetes, and hypertension.Results. Among AIs surveyed, 56% reported inadequate food quantity and 62% reported inadequate food quality. The unadjusted prevalence of diabetes (28.4% vs 18.4%), obesity (60.0% vs 48.3%), and hypertension (54.1% vs 41.6%) was higher among participants with inadequate food quantity than among those with adequate food quantity. These associations did not reach statistical significance after adjustment for age, gender, study site, education, and income. The unadjusted prevalence of obesity (60.7% vs 45.8%), diabetes (27.3% vs 18.8%), and hypertension (52.5% vs 42.5%) was higher among those with inadequate food quality than among those with adequate food quality, even after adjustment for age, gender, study site, education, and income.Conclusions. Tribal, federal, and state policymakers, as well as businesses and nonprofit organizations, must collaboratively take aggressive action to address food insecurity and its underlying causes, including improving tribal food environments, reducing barriers to healthy foods, and increasing living wages.
Iron Sulfide Scale Management in High-H2S and -CO2 Carbonate Reservoirs
Authors: Verri G.. , Sorbie K. S. , Singleton M. A. , Hinrichsen C.. , Wang Q.. , Chang F. F. , Ramachandran S.. 
Published: January 2017

Summary
Combined sulfide/carbonate-scale formation in wells producing from reservoirs with high carbon dioxide (CO2) and high hydrogen sulfide (H2S) represents a serious threat to production efficiency and system integrity. Understanding of both the main source of iron that forms the iron sulfide (FeS) scale and the phase partitioning and effect of the acid gases (CO2 and H2S) is important in devising and implementing the correct sulfide-scale-control program.
In this paper, a pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) software package was used to take production data and model water condensation/evaporation and calculate gas compositional changes and CO2/H2S partitioning between the liquid phases. This enabled reservoir-fluid compositions to be predicted by use of an in-house scale-prediction software, with particular focus on the stable concentration of iron in the aqueous phase. A sensitivity study was then performed to assess the parameters that impact iron solubility within the reservoir. With the reservoir-fluid compositions established, changes along the production stream (over a given range of temperatures and pressures) were determined and used to predict scale formation at those conditions. A modeling workflow was developed and tested against field data for the prediction of sulfide/carbonate-scale deposition in gas wells producing from carbonate reservoirs. The workflow was then applied to a number of gas wells in the Middle East that produce 2 to 4% CO2 and 2 to 6% H2S. By understanding changes in flow rate, gas partitioning, and fluid composition along the production stream, it was possible to map the potential scale deposition through the system and to compare these results with scale deposits observed in the field. It was calculated that the pH in the wellbore is low and mainly determined by the partial pressure of CO2, while the pH in the reservoir is higher because of the presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). Therefore, it was possible to determine that dissolved iron is highly unlikely to be present in the formation fluids, thus leading to the conclusion that the source of iron from which FeS deposition occurs must be the result of sour corrosion. In addition, the resulting likely profiles of FeS deposition were predicted.
Chemical Characterization of Cotton Plant Parts for Multiple Uses
Authors: He Zhongqi , Zhang Hailin , Tewolde Haile , Shankle Mark 
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas
Cotton plant parts can be used for multiple purposes depending on their compositions.
Cotton stems with less ash are better suited for lignocellulosic feedstock of bioenergy and bio‐products.
Feed quality characteristics of cottonseed are comparable to those of forage crops.
Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important crop in the southern and southeastern parts of the United States, but cotton plant biomass residues are underutilized because the high‐value lint receives the most attention. In this study, whole cotton plants were collected at midseason and just before harvest and were chemically characterized to explore multiple uses. The plant samples were separated into six (midseason) or eight (pre‐defoliation for harvest) biomass fractions. We determined the macro‐ and trace elements, protein, fiber, and lignin contents in the biomass materials. Growth stages affected the relative contents of some, but not all, of the measured parameters. Correlation coefficient analysis of the measured data revealed that some of the parameters were well related to each other, whereas some were quite independent. The information reported in this work will be helpful in exploring and optimizing management practices and processing strategies for best utilization of these types of cotton crop biomass materials as renewable natural resources.
A Web-Disseminated Self-Help and Peer Support Program Could Fill Gaps in Mental Health Care: Lessons From a Consumer Survey
Authors: Bernecker Samantha L , Banschback Kaitlin , Santorelli Gennarina D , Constantino Michael J 
Published: January 2017

Background
Self-guided mental health interventions that are disseminated via the Web have the potential to circumvent barriers to treatment and improve public mental health. However, self-guided interventions often fail to attract consumers and suffer from user nonadherence. Uptake of novel interventions could be improved by consulting consumers from the beginning of the development process in order to assess their interest and their preferences. Interventions can then be tailored using this feedback to optimize appeal.

Objective
The aim of our study was to determine the level of public interest in a new mental health intervention that incorporates elements of self-help and peer counseling and that is disseminated via a Web-based training course; to identify predictors of interest in the program; and to identify consumer preferences for features of Web-based courses and peer support programs.

Methods
We surveyed consumers via Amazon’s Mechanical Turk to estimate interest in the self-help and peer support program. We assessed associations between demographic and clinical characteristics and interest in the program, and we obtained feedback on desired features of the program.

Results
Overall, 63.9% (378/592) of respondents said that they would try the program; interest was lower but still substantial among those who were not willing or able to access traditional mental health services. Female gender, lower income, and openness to using psychotherapy were the most consistent predictors of interest in the program. The majority of respondents, although not all, preferred romantic partners or close friends as peer counselors and would be most likely to access the program if the training course were accessed on a stand-alone website. In general, respondents valued training in active listening skills.

Conclusions
In light of the apparent public interest in this program, Web-disseminated self-help and peer support interventions have enormous potential to fill gaps in mental health care. The results of this survey can be used to inform the design of such interventions.