bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Natural history collections-based research: progress, promise, and best practices
Authors: McLean Bryan S. , Bell Kayce C. , Dunnum Jonathan L. , Abrahamson Bethany , Colella Jocelyn P. , Deardorff Eleanor R. , Weber Jessica A. , Jones Amanda K. , Salazar-Miralles Fernando , Cook Joseph A. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSpecimens and associated data in natural history collections (NHCs) foster substantial scientific progress. In this paper, we explore recent contributions of NHCs to the study of systematics and biogeography, genomics, morphology, stable isotope ecology, and parasites and pathogens of mammals. To begin to assess the magnitude and scope of these contributions, we analyzed publications in the Journal of Mammalogy over the last decade, as well as recent research supported by a single university mammal collection (Museum of Southwestern Biology, Division of Mammals). Using these datasets, we also identify weak links that may be hindering the development of crucial NHC infrastructure. Maintaining the vitality and growth of this foundation of mammalogy depends on broader engagement and support from across the scientific community and is both an ethical and scientific imperative given the rapidly changing environmental conditions on our planet.
A theory of 2+1D bosonic topological orders
Authors: Wen Xiao-Gang 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
In primary school, we were told that there are four phases of matter: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. In college, we learned that there are much more than four phases of matter, such as hundreds of crystal phases, liquid crystal phases, ferromagnet, anti-ferromagnet, superfluid, etc. Those phases of matter are so rich, it is amazing that they can be understood systematically by the symmetry breaking theory of Landau. However, there are even more interesting phases of matter that are beyond Landau symmetry breaking theory. In this paper, we review new ‘topological’ phenomena, such as topological degeneracy, that reveal the existence of those new zero-temperature phase—topologically ordered phases. Microscopically, topologically orders are originated from the patterns of long-range entanglement in the ground states. As a truly new type of order and a truly new kind of phenomena, topological order and long-range entanglement require a new language and a new mathematical framework, such as unitary fusion category and modular tensor category to describe them. In this paper, we will describe a simple mathematical framework based on measurable quantities of topological orders (S, T, c) proposed around 1989. The framework allows us to systematically describe all 2+1D bosonic topological orders (i.e. topological orders in local bosonic/spin/qubit systems).
Assessing the Effectiveness of Case-Based Collaborative Learning via Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Krupat Edward , Richards Jeremy B. , Sullivan Amy M. , Fleenor Thomas J. , Schwartzstein Richard M. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
Case-based collaborative learning (CBCL) is a novel small-group approach that borrows from team-based learning principles and incorporates elements of problem-based learning (PBL) and case-based learning. CBCL includes a preclass readiness assurance process and case-based in-class activities in which students respond to focused, open-ended questions individually, discuss their answers in groups of 4, and then reach consensus in larger groups of 16. This study introduces CBCL and assesses its effectiveness in one course at Harvard Medical School.

Method
In a 2013 randomized controlled trial, 64 medical and dental student volunteers were assigned randomly to one of four 8-person PBL tutorial groups (control; n = 32) or one of two 16-person CBCL tutorial groups (experimental condition; n = 32) as part of a required first-year physiology course. Outcomes for the PBL and CBCL groups were compared using final exam scores, student responses to a postcourse survey, and behavioral coding of portions of video-recorded class sessions.

Results
Overall, the course final exam scores for CBCL and PBL students were not significantly different. However, CBCL students whose mean exam performance in prior courses was below the participant median scored significantly higher than their PBL counterparts on the physiology course final exam. The most common adjectives students used to describe CBCL were “engaging,” “fun,” and “thought-provoking.” Coding of observed behaviors indicated that individual affect was significantly higher in the CBCL groups than in the PBL groups.

Conclusions
CBCL is a viable, engaging, active learning method. It may particularly benefit students with lower academic performance.
The Implications of Small Stem Cell Niche Sizes and the Distribution of Fitness Effects of New Mutations in Aging and Tumorigenesis
Authors: Cannataro Vincent L. , McKinley Scott A. , St. Mary Colette M. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractSomatic tissue evolves over a vertebrate’s lifetime due to the accumulation of mutations in stem cell populations. Mutations may alter cellular fitness and contribute to tumorigenesis or aging. The distribution of mutational effects within somatic cells is not known. Given the unique regulatory regime of somatic cell division we hypothesize that mutational effects in somatic tissue fall into a different framework than whole organisms; one in which there are more mutations of large effect. Through simulation analysis we investigate the fit of tumor incidence curves generated using exponential and power law Distributions of Fitness Effects (DFE) to known tumorigenesis incidence. Modeling considerations include the architecture of stem cell populations, i.e., a large number of very small populations, and mutations that do and do not fix neutrally in the stem cell niche. We find that the typically quantified DFE in whole organisms is sufficient to explain tumorigenesis incidence. Further, due to the effects of small stem cell population sizes, i.e., strong genetic drift, deleterious mutations are predicted to accumulate, resulting in reduced tissue maintenance. Thus, despite there being a large number of stem cells throughout the intestine, its compartmental architecture leads to significant aging, a prime example of Muller’s Ratchet.
Leadership cultures and discursive hybridisation
Authors: Crevani Lucia , Ekman Marianne , Lindgren Monica , Packendorff Johann 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to explore the concept of leadership culture and analyse how leadership cultures are produced in higher education reforms, in a hybridised discursive context of traditional academic values and emerging managerialism and leaderism.

Design/methodology/approach
– Building on a perspective on leadership as a cultural phenomenon emerging in processes in which societal, sectorial and professional discursive resources are invoked, this study adds to earlier studies on how notions of leadership are involved in the transformation of higher education organisations. To this end, the method combines a traditional qualitative study of change initiatives over a long period of time with participative observation. Focusing on two vignettes, the analysis centres on how several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction.

Findings
– The emergence of hybrid leadership cultures in which several discursive resources are drawn upon in daily interaction is illustrated. This paper emphasises how hybrid cultures develop through confirmation, re-formulation and rejection of discursive influences.

Research limitations/implications
– An extended empirical material would enable further understanding of what cultural constructions of leadership that become confirmed, re-formulated or rejected. International comparisons would also enrich the analysis.

Practical implications
– This paper may influence leadership, leadership development and change initiatives in higher education organisation.

Social implications
– Higher education organisations are crucial for societal development and this paper contributes to better understanding how they are changing.

Originality/value
– The perspective proposed builds on recent developments in leadership studies and expands the means for focusing on social processes rather than individuals.
Faith-based organizations and the challenges of public legitimation
Authors: Malmelin Karoliina , Malmelin Nando 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze the challenges of public legitimation faced by faith-based organizations (FBOs) today. The paper addresses a new approach to studying legitimation as a public and communicative process.Design/methodology/approach– FBOs ' public legitimation problems are discussed on the basis of a systematic literature review and the problematization method.Findings– The paper presents a novel typology of FBOs ' public legitimation problems, which are divided into the four categories of mission, brand and reputation, public relations and trust. It is suggested that research on FBOs and their legitimation should apply and develop the communication approach.Originality/value– The paper addresses a current gap in legitimation research by reviewing the literature on public legitimation and the legitimation problems faced by FBOs. It identifies the communication approach as a significant perspective for future studies of FBO public legitimation.
Application of the strain-based FAD to failure assessment of surface cracked components
Authors: Varfolomeev Igor , Windisch Michael , Sinnema Gerben 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to validate the strain-based failure assessment diagram (SB-FAD) approach for surface cracks in components subjected to displacement controlled boundary conditions.

Design/methodology/approach
– Numerical analyses are performed for several crack geometries and materials representative for aerospace applications. The performance of the SB-FAD is judged by comparing numerically calculated J-integrals to respective analytical estimates, using both Options 1 and 2 approximations.

Findings
– In the most cases, both Options 1 and 2 SB-FAD method results in reasonably conservative J-estimates. Exceptions are for surface cracks in a pressurized vessel made of a material with low-strain hardening, for which Option 2 assessment produces non-conservative results. In contrast, Option 1 assessment is conservative for all geometries considered. In general, Option 1 results in a considerable overestimation of the crack driving force, whereas Option 2 produces rather accurate results in many cases.

Originality/value
– The results demonstrate both the potential of the SB-FAD method and needs for its further improvements.
Fracture mechanical behaviour of laser beam-welded AA2198 butt joints and integral structures
Authors: Kashaev Nikolai , Riekehr Stefan , Erdmann Kay , Carvalho Alexandre Amorim , Nurgaliev Maxim , Alexopoulos Nikolaos , Karanika Alexandra 
Published: November 2015

Purpose– Composite materials and metallic structures already compete for the next generation of single-aisle aircraft. Despite the good mechanical properties of composite materials metallic structures offer challenging properties and high cost effectiveness via the automation in manufacturing, especially when metallic structures will be welded. In this domain, metallic aircraft structures will require weight savings of approximately 20 per cent to increase the efficiency and reduce the CO2emission by the same amount. Laser beam welding of high-strength Al-Li alloy AA2198 represents a promising method of providing a breakthrough response to the challenges of lightweight design in aircraft applications. The key factor for the application of laser-welded AA2198 structures is the availability of reliable data for the assessment of their damage tolerance behaviour. The paper aims to discuss these issues.Design/methodology/approach– In the presented research, the mechanical properties concerning the quasi-static tensile and fracture toughness (R-curve) of laser beam-welded AA2198 butt joints are investigated. In the next step, a systematic analysis to clarify the deformation and fracture behaviour of the laser beam-welded AA2198 four-stringer panels is conducted.Findings– AA2198 offers better resistance against fracture than the well-known AA2024 alloy. It is possible to weld AA2198 with good results, and the welds also exhibit a higher fracture resistance than AA2024 base material (BM). Welded AA2198 four-stringer panels exhibit a residual strength behaviour superior to that of the flat BM panel.Originality/value– The present study is undertaken on the third-generation airframe-quality Al-Li alloy AA2198 with the main emphasis to investigate the mechanical fracture behaviour of AA2198 BMs, laser beam-welded joints and laser beam-welded integral structures. Studies investigating the damage tolerance of welded integral structures of Al-Li alloys are scarce.
Multi-objective fatigue life optimization using Tabu Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Long Kim C. , Duff William S , Labadie John W , Stansloski Mitchell J , Sampath Walajabad S , Chong Edwin K.P. 
Published: November 2015

Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to present a real world application of an innovative hybrid system reliability optimization algorithm combining Tabu search with an evolutionary algorithm (TSEA). This algorithm combines Tabu search and Genetic algorithm to provide a more efficient search method.

Design/methodology/approach
– The new algorithm is applied to an aircraft structure to optimize its reliability and maintain its structural integrity. For retrofitting the horizontal stabilizer under severe stall buffet conditions, a decision support system (DSS) is developed using the TSEA algorithm. This system solves a reliability optimization problem under cost and configuration constraints. The DSS contains three components: a graphical user interface, a database and several modules to provide the optimized retrofitting solutions.

Findings
– The authors found that the proposed algorithm performs much better than state-of-the-art methods such as Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithms on bench mark problems. In addition, the proposed TSEA method can be easily applied to complex real world optimization problem with superior performance. When the full combination of all input variables increases exponentially, the DSS become very efficient.

Practical implications
– This paper presents an application of the TSEA algorithm for solving nonlinear multi-objective reliability optimization problems embedded in a DSS. The solutions include where to install doublers and stiffeners. Compromise programming is used to rank all non-dominant solutions.

Originality/value
– The proposed hybrid algorithm (TSEA) assigns fitness based upon global dominance which ensures its convergence to the non-dominant front. The high efficiency of this algorithm came from using Tabu list to guidance the search to the Pareto-optimal solutions.
Sensory Threshold Studies of Picrocrocin, the Major Bitter Compound of Saffron
Authors: Chrysanthou Andreas , Pouliou Evangelia , Kyriakoudi Anastasia , Tsimidou Maria Z. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis study is part of a wider project on the bitter taste of saffron and its preparations. A deeper knowledge on the taste perception of picrocrocin is necessary in order to develop products that satisfy consumer senses and provide them with adequate amounts of saffron major constituents, also appreciated for bioactivity. A systematic approach on the bitterness of picrocrocin, the major responsible compound, was conducted. A panel was trained specifically for the determination of taste detection and recognition thresholds of picrocrocin, which were found to be 5.34 and 7.26 mg/L, respectively, using the Ascending Forced Choice of Limits methodology. The threshold values were examined in water in absence and presence of other saffron constituents and ethanol and were found to decrease when served hot (61 ± 4 °C). Bitterness was enhanced in 40% (v/v) aqueous ethanol. In both aqueous and ethanol extracts, the presence of saffron volatiles improved bitterness perception. The usefulness of the study was tested in the case of commercial saffron based infusions.
Identification of Drivers of Liking for Bar‐Type Snacks Based on Individual Consumer Preference
Authors: Kim Mina K. , Greve Patrick , Lee Youngseung 
Published: November 2015

AbstractUnderstanding consumer hedonic responses on food products are of greatest interests in global food industry. A global partial least square regression (GPLSR) had been well accepted method for understanding consumer preferences. Recently, individual partial least square regression (IPLSR) was accepted as an alternative method of predicting consumer preferences on given food product, because it utilizes the individual differences on product acceptability. To improve the understanding of what constitutes bar‐type snack preference, the relationship between sensory attributes and consumer overall liking for 12 bar‐type snacks was determined. Sensory attributes that drive consumer product likings were analyzed using averaged‐consumer data by GPLSR. To facilitate the interpretation of individual consumer liking, a dummy matrix for the significant weighted regression coefficients of each consumer derived from IPLSR was created. From the application of GPLSR and IPLSR, current study revealed that chocolate and cereal‐flavored bars were preferred over fruit‐flavored bars. Attributes connected to chocolate flavor positively influenced consumer overall likings on the global and individual consumer levels. Textural attributes affected liking only on the individual level. To fully capture the importance of sensory attributes on consumer preference, the use of GPLSR in conjunction with IPLSR is recommended.
‘Rip'ning buds in Freedom's field’: Staging Irish Improvement in the 1780s
Authors: O'Shaughnessy David 
Published: November 2015

AbstractThis article offers John O'Keeffe as a case study representing a network of Irish playwrights in 1780s London. The literary achievement of these writers, significantly underwritten in London theatre history, might be better understood against the backdrop of Irish patriotism of that period. This achievement was partly facilitated by the establishment of the Benevolent Society of St Patrick in 1783, ostensibly a charitable organisation but also a forum for Irish networking across professional and class boundaries. This article reads two of O'Keeffe's plays against this backdrop and argues that theatre is a crucial site of intersection for Irish patriotism and cosmopolitan ambition.
IL‐17A increases TNF‐α‐induced COX‐2 protein stability and augments PGE2 secretion from airway smooth muscle cells: impact on β2‐adrenergic receptor desensitization
Authors: Rumzhum N. N. , Patel B. S. , Prabhala P. , Gelissen I. C. , Oliver B. G. , Ammit A. J. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractBackgroundIL‐17A plays an important role in respiratory disease and is a known regulator of pulmonary inflammation and immunity. Recent studies have linked IL‐17A with exacerbation in asthma and COPD. We have shown that the enzyme cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and its prostanoid products, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in particular, are key contributors in in vitro models of infectious exacerbation; however, the impact of IL‐17A was not known.Methods and ResultsWe address this herein and show that IL‐17A induces a robust and sustained upregulation of COX‐2 protein and PGE2 secretion from airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells. COX‐2 can be regulated at transcriptional, post‐transcriptional and/or post‐translational levels. We have elucidated the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for the sustained upregulation of TNF‐α‐induced COX‐2 by IL‐17A in ASM cells and show that is not via increased COX‐2 gene expression. Instead, TNF‐α‐induced COX‐2 upregulation is subject to regulation by the proteasome, and IL‐17A acts to increase TNF‐α‐induced COX‐2 protein stability as confirmed by cycloheximide chase experiments. In this way, IL‐17A acts to amplify the COX‐2‐mediated effects of TNF‐α and greatly enhances PGE2 secretion from ASM cells.ConclusionAs PGE2 is a multifunctional prostanoid with diverse roles in respiratory disease, our studies demonstrate a novel function for IL‐17A in airway inflammation by showing for the first time that IL‐17A impacts on the COX‐2/PGE2 pathway, molecules known to contribute to disease exacerbation.
Career Criminals and the Antisocial Life Course
Authors: DeLisi Matt 
Published: November 2015

AbstractCareer criminals account for more than half of the crime in society and an even larger proportion of the most violent offenses, including homicide. In recent years, biosocial criminologists have specified the etiological bases of pathological criminality using data from twin and genetic studies. Coupled with environmental factors, several endophenotypes (e.g., self‐regulation, self‐control, neuropsychological functioning, and temperament) connect biological vulnerabilities to behavioral phenotypes. The antisocial repertoire of career criminals is traceable across life as aggressive and antisocial conduct continues from early childhood through adolescence and into adulthood. Prevention programs and interventions can reduce the incidence of career criminality.
Evolving systemic targeted therapy strategies in uveal melanoma and implications for ophthalmic management: a review
Authors: Goh Amanda YL , Layton Christopher J 
Published: November 2015

AbstractUveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary ocular tumour in adults. Despite good local control of the primary tumour with current methods, survival after the development of metastasis has remained poor over the last 30 years. After cutaneous melanoma, UM is the most common type of melanoma, and an ongoing debate exists regarding whether these conditions should be considered separate entities, particularly in the context of targeted therapy, where many of the initial trials for patients with metatatic cutaneous melanoma excluded metastatic UM. This paper will review the recent and ongoing investigations designed to validate systemic targeted therapy and immunotherapy in patients with metastatic UM and suggests ways in which these developments may affect management of UM by ophthalmologists in the near future.
Allogeneic adipose‐derived stem cells for the treatment of perianal fistula in Crohn's disease: a pilot clinical trial
Authors: Park K. J. , Ryoo S.‐B. , Kim J. S. , Kim T. I. , Baik S. H. , Kim H. J. , Lee K. Y. , Kim M. , Kim W. H. 
Published: November 2015

AbstractAimMany perianal fistulae in Crohn's disease do not respond to conventional surgical and medical management and recurrence rates are high. The study evaluated the safety and feasibility of allogeneic adipose‐derived stem cells for the treatment of perianal fistula in Crohn's disease.MethodA multicentre, open‐label, dose escalation pilot study was performed. The first three patients (group 1) were administered 1 × 107 cells/ml based on the size of the fistula tract. Four weeks later, after which time this dose had been confirmed to be safe, the next three patients (group 2) were administered 3 × 107 cells/ml. The end‐point was complete closure at 8 weeks after the injection. Patients who attended for the 8 week assessment were followed for an additional 6 months.ResultsThere were no adverse events of Grade 3 or 4 severity and no adverse events related to the treatment with allogeneic adipose‐derived stem cells. Two patients in group 1 achieved complete closure of the fistula at month 4 and month 6, and one patient in group 2 achieved complete closure at 8 weeks. The closure was sustained up to month 8 in all three of those patients.ConclusionThese data suggest that allogeneic adipose‐derived stem cells may be a feasible treatment option for perianal fistula in Crohn's disease.