bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Uncovering responses of zooplankton community to CO2 acidification in Qatar coastal waters
Authors: Ben-Hamadou Radhouane , Aboshanab Rawan , Sherif Ahmed , Al-Mandili Monzer , Omer Ghadeer , Shabbir Fahad , Kazmi Sayed , Range Pedro , Al-Maslamani Ibrahim , Obbard Jeffrey 
Published: April 2017

The combustion of fossil fuels is pushing atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) to unprecedented levels. This rapid increase in atmospheric CO2 is causing global changes, with noticeable increases in temperature, sea level rise and changes to marine carbon chemistry (i.e., Ocean Acidification - OA). The today average pH of ocean surface waters has already declined by 0.1 units from pre-industrial levels. According to the IPCC representative concentration pathways (RCPs), further declines in pH are predicted until the end of the century, varying between 0.14 units and 0.43 units. OA is irreversible on short time frames and previous studies have shown the potential impacts of ocean acidification on the physiology, reproduction, immunology and behavior of marine organisms, with effects already documented in multiple species and several regions of the world, although not in the Arabian Gulf. Nevertheless, the strong environmental variability of the Arabian Gulf presents good opportunities to study the potential impacts of future global change on marine ecosystems and to investigate the underlying mechanisms governing their resistance and adaptation to future environmental extremes. In this research we are targeting the response of zooplanktonic assemblages to OA, since these are commonly used as bioindicators of environmental and climate driven impact on marine ecosystems. The approach is mainly experimental, using controlled CO2 perturbation experiments, done aboard the Qatar University research vessel “Janan”. We are specifically investigating the response of zooplankton communities to relevant scenarios of seawater acidification by CO2, in terms of assemblage composition and structure; respiration rates; and egg production rates. The first round of experiments was conducted during a 3 day cruise offshore from Doha (June 3–5, 2016); complemented with a second cruise and round of experiments (November 17–19, 2016). Results provide insightful information about zooplankton communities’ responses to high CO2 levels in seawater of the Arabian Gulf and contribute to a better understanding about the biogeochemistry of coastal marine areas in Qatar, and more broadly in the Arabian Gulf.Acknowledgments: This study is funded by QNRF through the project “Zooplankton community responses to CO2 acidification in Qatar coastal waters (UREP18-177-1-021).
تقويم برنامج الماجستير في قسم علم المكتبات والمعلومات في الجامعة الأردنية في ضوء معايير جمعية المكتبات الأمريكية (ALA)
Authors: الشوابكة يونس أحمد اسماعيل 
Published: April 2017

إعداهدفت هذه الدراسة إلى تقويم برنامج الماجستير في علم المكتبات والمعلومات في الجامعة الأردنية في ضوء معايير جمعية المكتبات الأمريكية (ALA)، والكشف عن درجة توافر ودرجة جودة تطبيق هذه المعايير في البرنامج، من خلال مقارنة مقومات البرنامج الحالي بمعايير جمعية المكتبات الأمريكية (ALA) الخمسة: التخطيط المنهجي، والمنهاج الدراسي، وأعضاء هيئة التدريس، والطلبة، والإدارة والتمويل والمصادر، وقد أظهرت النتائج أن درجة توافر المعيار الثالث “أعضاء هيئة التدريس” ودرجة جودة تطبيقه في البرنامج كانت مرتفعة، في حين كانت كانت درجة توافر بقية المعايير ودرجة جودة تطبيقها في البرنامج متوسطة، وقد قدمت الدراسة مجموعة من التوصيات أهمها: ضرورة الاهتمام بعناصر التخطيط الرئيسة ولا سيما رؤية البرنامج ورسالته وأهدافه ونتاجات تعلم الطلبة، وزيادة الاهتمام بسياسات التقويم وإجراءاته وأدلته الموثقة.الكلمات المفتاحية: التقويم ؛ الجودة ؛ التوافر ؛ برامج الماجستير؛ علم المكتبات والمعلومات ؛ المعايير ؛ جمعية المكتبات الأمريكية (ALA).
An Improved Method for the Quantification of Thiamine (Vitamin B1) in Cocoa-Containing Beverage Powders
Authors: Martin Frédéric , Meyer Liliane , Zelianos Konstantinos , Gimenez Esther Campos 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
The purpose of this work was to understand low recoveries of thiamine (vitamin B1) when extracted from cocoa-containing beverage powders fortified with water-soluble vitamin B1, and to develop and validate a new procedure to improve these results. Based on the literature, previous trials have focused on two main factors: pH value prior to paper filtration and the need for solid-phase extraction (SPE) clean up. We demonstrate that by following European Standard EN 14122, recovery of thiaminein cocoa-containing beverage powders is low and dependent on the test portion (86 and 72% for 0.5 and 1.5 g test portions, respectively). Our improved method resolved this problem by keeping the pH low (around 1) prior to paper filtration, leading to a 96.3% recovery and high precision (RSDr of 3.5%). The use of strong cation-exchange SPE cartridges for cleanup prior to the thiamine oxidation reaction proved to be essential. A comparison between our improved method and EN 14122 on nine cocoa-containing beverage samples available on local market from different manufacturers showed a systematic increase in thiamine content (up to 70%) when the improved methodwas applied. The highest difference was observed forthe sample that contained the highest amount of cocoa. However, for beverage powders that contained bothcocoa and milk, no difference was observed.
The regularities of the distribution of siliceous mudstones and “coccolith” member of the Bazhenov Formation
Authors: Eder V.G. , Zamirailova A.G. , Yan P.A. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Based on results of comprehensive lithological and geochemical analysis, we have established the regularities of the spatial distribution of major rock-forming components of the Bazhenov Formation in the West Siberian Basin (WSB), namely, siliceous, argillaceous, and carbonate material. According to the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio, the most siliceous rocks of the Bazhenov Formation are biomorphic siliceous mudstones (radiolarites) (&gt; 20), cryptocrystalline siliceous mudstones (8–20), and the most argillaceous rocks are argillaceous mudstones (&lt; 3). Intermediate SiO2/Al2O3 values (3–8) are observed in mudstones of different types. North-south distribution profiles of the SiO2/Al2O3 ratio and CaO content in different areas of the WSB were constructed. The areas of occurrence of radiolarites (potential reservoirs) and a “coccolith” member with the highest content of organic matter have been clarified. The thickest radiolarite bed (3-4 m) has been found in the Salym area. In some sections of the North Surgut area, a “coccolith” member is 2 m thick and is carbonatized. In most of the sections of the North Surgut, South Tomsk, and West Tomsk regions, rocks of this type are observed as 1 cm thick intercalates, and in the Novosibirsk region they are virtually lacking. We have established that a “coccolith” member, localized mostly in the upper part of the Bazhenov Formation, occurs not only in the Salym and Krasnoleninskii regions but also in the North Surgut region. It was also found in the Northern region in the southern and central parts of the South Nadym megamonoclise. Coccolithophorid relics are occasional in the South and West Tomsk regions and are lacking in the Novosibirsk region and in the Northern region of the South Nadym megamonoclise.
Performance of Endocarditis-Specific Risk Scores in Surgery for Infective Endocarditis
Authors: Pemberton James , Wang Tom 
Published: April 2017

Background Risk models can play an important part in the decision-making of surgery for infective endocarditis, but they remain underutilized. Several endocarditis-specific risk models have been recently published with the aim to improve on existing general cardiac surgery scores such as EuroSCORE. We compared their prognostic utility of mortality and morbidities for infective endocarditis surgery.
Methods The additive Society of Thoracic Surgeon's (STS) Endocarditis score, Costa score, De Feo-Cotrufo score, and Pulsuse score were calculated for consecutive patients undergoing cardiac surgery for active infective endocarditis during 2005 to 2011 at Auckland City Hospital and their discriminative value for adverse outcomes assessed.
Results Mean scores for 146 endocarditis surgery patients with operative mortality 6.8% (10) were additive STS score: 32.2 ± 13.5, Costa score: 12.0 ± 6.8, De Feo-Cotrufo score: 14.6 ± 9.2, and Pulsuse score 2.2 ± 1.3. Areas under curve and 95% confidence intervals for operative mortality were 0.699 (0.534–0.865), 0.596 (0.426–0.765), 0.744 (0.590–0.899), and 0.673 (0.510–0.836), respectively. All four scores could also discriminate mortality during follow-up and composite morbidity, with the De Feo-Cotrufo score having the best overall performance.
Conclusion Endocarditis-specific risk models had moderate discrimination of operative mortality and most postoperative complications, and the De Feo-Cotrufo score is the preferred score to advise clinical decisions in this setting.
The Aldosterone Synthase Inhibitor FAD286 is Suitable for Lowering Aldosterone Levels in ZDF Rats but not in db/db Mice
Authors: Hofmann Anja , Brunssen Coy , Peitzsch Mirko , Balyura Mariya , Mittag Jennifer , Frenzel Annika , Jannasch Anett. , Brown Nicholas , Weldon Steven , Gueneva-Boucheva Kristina , Eisenhofer Graeme , Bornstein Stefan , Morawietz Henning 
Published: April 2017

AbstractInhibition of aldosterone synthase is an alternative treatment option to mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism to prevent harmful aldosterone actions. FAD286 is one of the best characterized aldosterone synthase inhibitors to date. FAD286 improves glucose tolerance and increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in obese and diabetic ZDF rats. However, there is limited knowledge about the dose-dependent effects of FAD286 on plasma aldosterone, corticosterone, and 11-deoxycorticosterone in ZDF rats and in db/db mice, a second important rodent model of obesity and type 2 diabetes. In addition, effects of FAD286 on plasma steroids in mice and rats are controversial. Therefore, obese Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and db/db mice were treated with FAD286 for up to 15 weeks and plasma steroids were evaluated using highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In ZDF rats, FAD286 (10 mg/kg/d) treatment resulted in nearly complete disappearance of plasma aldosterone while corticosterone levels remained unaffected and those of 11-deoxycorticosterone were increased ~4-fold compared to vehicle control. A lower dose of FAD286 (3 mg/kg/d) showed no effect on plasma aldosterone or corticosterone, but 11-deoxycorticosterone was again increased ~4-fold compared to control. In contrast to ZDF rats, a high dose of FAD286 (40 mg/kg/d) did not affect plasma aldosterone levels in db/db mice although 11-deoxycorticosterone increased ~2.5-fold. A low dose of FAD286 (10 mg/kg/d) increased plasma aldosterone without affecting corticosterone or 11-deoxycorticosterone. In conclusion, the aldosterone synthase inhibitor, FAD286, lowers plasma aldosterone in obese ZDF rats, but not in obese db/db mice.
The Preliminary Effects of Massage and Inhalation Aromatherapy on Chemotherapy-Induced Acute Nausea and Vomiting
Authors: Zorba Pinar , Ozdemir Leyla 
Published: April 2017

Background:
Despite pharmacological treatment, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are observed in patients.

Objective:
This quasi-randomized controlled pilot study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary effects of massage and inhalation aromatherapies on chemotherapy-induced acute nausea/vomiting.

Methods:
Seventy-five patients with breast cancer were randomly grouped into 1 of 3 groups: massage (n = 25), inhalation (n = 25), and control (n = 25). The patients in the massage group received 20-minute aromatherapy foot massage, whereas those in the inhalation group received 3-minute inhalation aromatherapy before their second, third, and fourth chemotherapy cycles. The control group underwent only the routine treatment. A nausea, vomiting, and retching patient follow-up form was used to evaluate nausea severity by visual analog scale and frequency of vomiting and retching.

Results:
The incidence of nausea and retching was significantly higher in the control group than in the other groups in the third and fourth chemotherapy cycles (P < .001). Furthermore, in these 2 cycles, the incidence of nausea and retching was significantly lower in the massage group than in the inhalation group (P < .001). Nausea severity was significantly lower among patients in the massage and inhalation groups than in the control group in all 3 cycles (P < .001).

Conclusion:
Nausea severity was significantly lower in the massage and inhalation aromatherapy groups than in the control group. Nausea and retching incidence was reduced in the aromatherapy groups compared with that in the control group.

Implications for Practice:
Nonpharmacological approaches are recommended for managing CINV. Massage and inhalation aromatherapy seems promising regarding the management of CINV.
Understanding disruptive behaviour in the juvenile prison estate
Authors: Whiteside Emma , Bond Carol A. 
Published: April 2017

PurposeSerious incidents of violent disruption within the national young-persons’ prison estate endanger offenders, staff and visitors and have a significant impact. The purpose of this paper is to explore the function of and factors influencing violent disruptive behaviour.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 21 young people (n=21) with a history of violence in custody were administered semi-structured interviews to explore the reasons for their behaviour. The data were explored using thematic analysis.FindingsSix themes were identified: attitude and propensity for violence, perceptions and intolerance of others, consequences of violent behaviour, the physical environment, previous indicators, and protective factors.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is reliant on self-report and thus may reflect biases. The presence of a recording device may have had an impact on responses. Logistical practicalities meant participants were approached via an intermediary which may have impacted on a willingness to participate.Practical implicationsSeveral practical implications are identified: cognitive skills programmes which encourage consequential thinking, perspective-taking, communication skills and exploring alternative problem-solving strategies are of value. Shouting through doors and windows is a major source of provocation and should be addressed. The induction process provides opportunities for equality-awareness work. Gang membership issues are a major cause of violence, and attitudes around this should be addressed. Building trust between staff and young people helps reduce problems. Systems to provide access to facilities and to provide support to cope with stress and isolation may be of value.Originality/valueThis study uses a qualitative approach to exploring young people’s views on prison violence. The findings reflect previous research but strengthen the perspective that violence in prison serves several purposes for those involved and that violence-reduction strategies must be multi-modal to be effective.
The Status of Passive Constructions in Old English
Authors: Jones Howard , Macleod Morgan 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn Old English, passive‐type constructions involving a copula and a passive participle could be used to express both events and states. Two different types of copula are found in these constructions: weorðan, meaning ‘become’, and wesan and beon, meaning ‘be’. There has been some dispute as to how the meaning of these copulas relates to the meaning of the construction as a whole, in both its eventive and its stative uses, and whether any of these constructions was grammaticalized in the sense that its meaning was non‐compositional. We propose a semantic model that represents these constructions compositionally and test it against a selected corpus of Old English texts in order to address two questions: whether the data provide evidence of non‐compositional meaning that would suggest grammaticalization, and whether other factors are also responsible for the choice of copula. Our analysis suggests that the attested Old English passives are fully compatible with a compositional analysis; we also discuss additional semantic factors that may be responsible for the lower frequency of passives with weorðan.
European Multicenter Study on Analytical Performance of Veris HIV-1 Assay
Authors: Braun Patrick , Delgado Rafael , Drago Monica , Fanti Diana , Fleury Hervé , Hofmann Jörg , Izopet Jacques , Kalus Ulrich , Lombardi Alessandra , Marcos Maria Angeles , Mileto Davide , Sauné Karine , O'Shea Siobhan , Pérez-Rivilla Alfredo , Ramble John , Trimoulet Pascale , Vila Jordi , Whittaker Duncan , Artus Alain , Rhodes Daniel W. 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

The analytical performance of the Veris HIV-1 assay for use on the new, fully automated Beckman Coulter DxN Veris molecular diagnostics system was evaluated at 10 European virology laboratories. The precision, analytical sensitivity, performance with negative samples, linearity, and performance with HIV-1 groups/subtypes were evaluated. The precision for the 1-ml assay showed a standard deviation (SD) of 0.14 log
10
copies/ml or less and a coefficient of variation (CV) of ≤6.1% for each level tested. The 0.175-ml assay showed an SD of 0.17 log
10
copies/ml or less and a CV of ≤5.2% for each level tested. The analytical sensitivities determined by probit analysis were 19.3 copies/ml for the 1-ml assay and 126 copies/ml for the 0.175-ml assay. The performance with 1,357 negative samples demonstrated 99.2% with not detected results. Linearity using patient samples was shown from 1.54 to 6.93 log
10
copies/ml. The assay performed well, detecting and showing linearity with all HIV-1 genotypes tested. The Veris HIV-1 assay demonstrated analytical performance comparable to that of currently marketed HIV-1 assays. (DxN Veris products are Conformité Européenne [CE]-marked
in vitro
diagnostic products. The DxN Veris product line has not been submitted to the U.S. FDA and is not available in the U.S. market. The DxN Veris molecular diagnostics system is also known as the Veris MDx molecular diagnostics system and the Veris MDx system.)
Dose requirements for idarucizumab reversal of dabigatran in a lethal porcine trauma model with continuous bleeding
Authors: Honickel Markus , Spronk Henri M. , Rossaint Rolf , Stoppe Christian , van Ryn Joanne , ten Cate Hugo , Grottke Oliver 
Published: April 2017

SummaryIdarucizumab is licensed for emergency reversal of dabigatran. A single 5 g dose is usually sufficient, but higher doses may sometimes be required and optimum dosing has not been defined. It was the aim of this study to investigate the effect of idarucizumab, given once or as a split dose, after double trauma in pigs anticoagulated with dabigatran. Dabigatran etexilate (30 mg/kg bid) was given to 18 male pigs orally for 3 days. On day 4, animals were randomised 1:1:1 to receive idarucizumab 60+0, 60+60 or 120+0 mg/kg. Doses were administered 15 and 75 minutes after initial liver trauma. At 60 minutes, a second liver injury was undertaken. Animals were monitored for 5 hours after initial trauma or until death. Blood loss during the first hour was 990 ± 109 ml, 988 ± 84 ml and 964 ± 75 ml in the 60+0, 60+60 and 120+0 groups, respectively. In the 120+0 and 60+60 groups, total blood loss was 1659 ± 346 and 1426 ± 106 ml, respectively, and survival at 5 hours was 100 %. However, in the 60+0 group, total blood loss was 3561 ± 770 ml and survival was 50 %. Analysis of dabigatran plasma concentrations showed that equimolar concentrations of idarucizumab are necessary to bind all dabigatran and achieve sufficient thrombin generation. At sufficient doses, idarucizumab rapidly reduced blood loss and improved survival in this lethal porcine model of double trauma with dabigatran anticoagulation. In clinical practice, should bleeding continue after initial treatment with the approved 5 g dose of idarucizumab, a second dose may potentially be effective to control bleeding caused by redistribution of unbound dabigatran.Supplementary Material to this article is available online at www.thrombosis-online.com.
Study on transport packages used for food freshness preservation based on thermal analysis
Authors: Yu Ying 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn recent time, as the Chinese consumption level increases, the consumption quantity of high-value fruits, vegetables and seafood products have been increasing year by year. As a consequence, the traffic volume of refrigerated products also increases yearly and the popularization degree of the cold-chain transportation enhances. A low-temperature environment should be guaranteed during transportation, thus there is about 40% of diesel oil should be consumed by the refrigerating system and the cold-chain transportation becomes very costly. This study aimed to explore methods that could reduce the cost of transport packages of refrigerated products. On the basis of the heat transfer theory and the fluid mechanics theory, the heat exchanging process of corrugated cases during the operation of refrigerating system was analyzed, the heat transfer process of corrugated cases and refrigerator van was theoretically analyzed and the heat balance equation of corrugated cases was constructed.
A new species of the quill mite genus Chenophila Kethley, 1970 (Acariformes: Syringophilidae) from the Marbled Teal Marmaronetta angustirostris (Menetries) (Anseriformes: Anatidae) in Turkey
Authors: Zmudzinski Mateusz , Unsoeld Markus 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA new species of parasitic mite of the family Syringophilidae (Acariformes: Cheyletoidea),
A Study of Conceptualisation of Quality of Life by Czech Fifth-Graders
Authors: Lukášová Hana 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
Introduction: This study summarized the results of research on quality of life as conceived by Czech fifth-graders.
Methods: The subjects responded in writing to three tasks that asked them to describe the characteristics of quality of life. The first task required them to picture what they imagined under a magazine headline entitled “Quality of Children’s Lives”. The second task required them to explain this headline to their classmates, while the third task asked them to generate their own ideas of a bad life, normal life, and excellent life.
The sample consisted of 174 fifth-grade pupils from two Czech localities. The pupils’ statements were open-coded, and then the codes were cumulated to create content categories.
Results: Ten large categories emerged from the data that depicted children’s ideas of quality of life. Data processing the frequencies of the content of the categories were computed to show the ranking of the characteristics of the quality of life as selected by the children. The study revealed that the fifth-grade pupils attributed a wide range of valuable characteristics (social, psychological, environmental, spiritual and personal) to the concept of quality of life.
Discussion: In pedagogical theory, the quality of children’s lives is a concept with a number of meanings. It includes qualities related to biopsycho- personal, social, and spiritual aspects of life.
Limitations: The quality of children’s lives is a multidimensional concept and we can study only some of them.
Conclusions: Responses to the third research question can be summarized into three key answers, illustrated by relevant statements of the Czech fifth-grade students.