bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploiting performance, dynamic power and energy scaling in full‐system simulators
Authors: Duenha Liana , Madalozzo Guilherme , Moraes Fernando Gehm , Azevedo Rodolfo 
Published: October 2016

SummaryEnergy consumption constraints have become a critical issue in Multiprocessor Systems on Chip (MPSoC) designs. Whereas processor performance comes with a high power cost, there is an increasing interest in exploring the trade‐off between power and performance, taking into account the target application domain. Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS) techniques adaptively scale frequency or voltage level of CPU allowing it to reach just enough performance to process the system workload while meeting throughput constraints, and thereby, reducing the energy consumption. To explore this wide design space for energy efficiency and performance, hardware and software components, a system‐level simulation infrastructure must provide features to evaluate power savings mechanisms in early stages of the design. This paper presents an extension work of a framework for MPSoCs designs to support DVFS in MPSoCs simulators and evaluates three DVFS mechanisms. Our experiments show that applying DVFS in the system can save power and energy consumption, with negligible loss of performance. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Deceleration of a Supersonic Beam of SrF Molecules to 120 m s−1
Authors: Mathavan Sreekanth C. , Zapara Artem , Esajas Quinten , Hoekstra Steven 
Published: October 2016

AbstractA beam of SrF molecules is decelerated from 290 to 120 m s−1. Following supersonic expansion, the molecules in the X2Σ (ν=0, N=1) low‐field‐seeking state are trapped by the moving potential wells of a traveling‐wave Stark decelerator. With a deceleration strength of 9.6 km s−2 the removal of 85 % of the initial kinetic energy in a 4 m‐long modular decelerator is demonstrated. The absolute amount of kinetic energy removed is a factor of 1.5 higher compared to previous Stark‐deceleration experiments. The demonstrated decelerator provides a novel tool for the creation of highly collimated and slow beams of heavy diatomic molecules, which serve as a good starting point for high‐precision tests of fundamental physics.
A Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Conversion to CO with High Selectivity and Current Density
Authors: Jhong Huei‐Ru Molly , Tornow Claire E. , Smid Bretislav , Gewirth Andrew A. , Lyth Stephen M. , Kenis Paul J. A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe report characterization of a non‐precious metal‐free catalyst for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO; namely, a pyrolyzed carbon nitride and multiwall carbon nanotube composite. This catalyst exhibits a high selectivity for production of CO over H2 (approximately 98 % CO and 2 % H2), as well as high activity in an electrochemical flow cell. The CO partial current density at intermediate cathode potentials (V=−1.46 V vs. Ag/AgCl) is up to 3.5× higher than state‐of‐the‐art Ag nanoparticle‐based catalysts, and the maximum current density is 90 mA cm−2. The mass activity and energy efficiency (up to 48 %) were also higher than the Ag nanoparticle reference. Moving away from precious metal catalysts without sacrificing activity or selectivity may significantly enhance the prospects of electrochemical CO2 reduction as an approach to reduce atmospheric CO2 emissions or as a method for load‐leveling in relation to the use of intermittent renewable energy sources.
Transcriptomic comparison of invasive bigheaded carps (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and their hybrids
Authors: Wang Jun , Lamer James T. , Gaughan Sarah , Wachholtz Michael , Wang Chenghui , Lu Guoqing 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis) and silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), collectively called bigheaded carps, are invasive species in the Mississippi River Basin (MRB). Interspecific hybridization between bigheaded carps has been considered rare within their native rivers in China; however, it is prevalent in the MRB. We conducted de novo transcriptome analysis of pure and hybrid bigheaded carps and obtained 40,759 to 51,706 transcripts for pure, F1 hybrid, and backcross bigheaded carps. The search against protein databases resulted in 20,336–28,133 annotated transcripts (over 50% of the transcriptome) with over 13,000 transcripts mapped to 23 Gene Ontology biological processes and 127 KEGG metabolic pathways. More transcripts were detected in silver carp than in bighead carp; however, comparable numbers of transcripts were annotated. Transcriptomic variation detected between two F1 hybrids may indicate a potential loss of fitness in hybrids. The neighbor‐joining distance tree constructed using over 2,500 one‐to‐one orthologous sequences suggests transcriptomes could be used to infer the history of introgression and hybridization. Moreover, we detected 24,792 candidate SNPs that can be used to identify different species. The transcriptomes, orthologous sequences, and candidate SNPs obtained in this study should provide further knowledge of interspecific hybridization and introgression.
Substantial long‐term effects of carcass addition on soil and plants in a grassy eucalypt woodland
Authors: Barton Philip S. , McIntyre Sue , Evans Maldwyn John , Bump Joseph K. , Cunningham Saul A. , Manning Adrian D. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe decomposition of large vertebrate carcasses generates small‐scale disturbances characterized by changes in soil chemistry and new opportunities for plant establishment. Yet few studies have examined whether this effect is still evident several years after death, or has consequences for landscape‐scale heterogeneity. We examined soil chemistry and plant species richness and composition at 12 kangaroo carcasses (~30 kg initial mass) five years after their initial placement. Each carcass was paired with a nearby “control” site for comparison. We found that soil phosphorus was eight times higher at carcasses than at control sites, but that nitrogen concentration was similar. We also found that plant composition was substantially different between each carcass and control pair, with 80% of carcasses dominated by exotic species (mostly weedy annuals). Notably, overall variability in plant species composition across carcass sites was not different from the variability at control sites, indicating that the colonization of carcasses by weedy species did not have a homogenizing effect on plant assemblages across our study landscape. Our study demonstrates that a localized effect of large vertebrate carcasses on soil and plants was still evident after five years, indicating a state shift in the soil–plant dynamics at a carcass site. However, the effect of carcasses on landscape‐scale plant community heterogeneity was minimal because colonization was by weedy plants already present in the landscape.
Sex‐dependent spatial structure of telomere length in a wild long‐lived scavenger
Authors: Gangoso Laura , Lambertucci Sergio A. , Cabezas Sonia , Alarcón Pablo A. E. , Wiemeyer Guillermo M. , Sanchez‐Zapata José A. , Blanco Guillermo , Hiraldo Fernando , Donázar José A. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractSex‐related divergences in many phenotypic traits, such as morphology, physiology, and behavior, have widely been described in animals. These asymmetries may adapt the sexes to different subniches, but also may produce sex‐specific optima for life‐history traits, as well as different costs. In birds, long movements in search of food and intraspecific competition may entail important metabolic costs that can be predicted to be unequal if both sexes perform somehow differently. However, the extent to which sex‐specific individual movements, foraging strategies and social dominance relationships are correlated with physiological costs has rarely been evaluated. The effects of prolonged exposure to stressors can be mirrored in accelerated cellular damage and aging as well as in the by‐products resulting from the activation of the stress response machinery. Both indicators, measured as telomere length and the concentration of feather corticosterone (CORTf), respectively, would reflect physiological costs at different time frames. Here, on the basis of information provided by GPS‐tagged Andean condors, a sexually dimorphic scavenger with a highly despotic social system, we determined whether sex‐specific movement patterns correlated to variation in telomere length and CORTf levels. We found a striking pattern of spatial structure of telomere length that was, in addition, sex‐specific; males breeding farther from feeding grounds exhibited longer telomeres, while the opposite pattern was found in females. Nevertheless, telomere length was not related to the range of movements performed by condors. We also found that females displayed higher CORTf values than males, regardless of the location of their nests, which is likely related to social dominance hierarchy and sexual size dimorphism. Sex‐specific optima for trade‐offs associated with ecological factors might underlie the fact that populations are spatially structured from a telomere‐length perspective, which has never been described before.
An exploratory randomized control study of combination cytokine and adult autologous bone marrow progenitor cell administration in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy: the REGENERATE‐IHD clinical trial
Authors: Choudhury Tawfiq , Mozid Abdul , Hamshere Steve , Yeo Chia , Pellaton Cyril , Arnous Samer , Saunders Natalie , Brookman Pat , Jain Ajay , Locca Didier , Archbold Andrew , Knight Charles , Wragg Andrew , Davies Ceri , Mills Peter , Parmar Mahesh , Rothman Martin , Choudry Fizzah , Jones Daniel A. , Agrawal Samir , Martin John , Mathur Anthony 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsThe effect of combined cytokine and cell therapy in ischaemic cardiomyopathy is unknown. Meta‐analyses suggest improved cardiac function with cell therapy. The optimal cell delivery route remains unclear. We investigated whether granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) alone or in combination with intracoronary (i.c.) or intramyocardial (i.m.) injection of autologous bone marrow‐derived cells (BMCs) improves cardiac function.Methods and resultsNinety patients with symptomatic ischaemic cardiomyopathy and no further treatment options were enrolled in the randomized, placebo‐controlled, single‐centre REGENERATE‐IHD study. Randomization was to one of three arms: peripheral, i.c., or i.m. In each arm, patients were randomized to active treatment or placebo. All patients, apart from the peripheral placebo group (saline only) received G‐CSF for 5 days. The i.c. and i.m. arms received either BMCs or serum (placebo). The primary endpoint was change in LVEF at 1 year assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging/computed tomography. The i.m. BMC group showed a significant improvement in LVEF of 4.99% (95% confidence interval 0.33–9.6%; P = 0.038) at 1 year. This group also showed a reduction in NYHA class at 1 year and NT‐proBNP at 6 months. No other group showed a significant change in LVEF. This finding is supported by post‐hoc between‐group comparisons.ConclusionWe have shown that G‐CSF combined with autologous i.m. BMCs has a beneficial effect on cardiac function and symptoms. However, this result should be considered preliminary in support of a clinical benefit of i.m. stem cell infusion in ‘no option’ patients and needs further exploration in a larger study.
In‐hospital and 1‐year mortality associated with diabetes in patients with acute heart failure: results from the ESC‐HFA Heart Failure Long‐Term Registry
Authors: Targher Giovanni , Dauriz Marco , Laroche Cécile , Temporelli Pier Luigi , Hassanein Mahmoud , Seferovic Petar M. , Drozdz Jaroslaw , Ferrari Roberto , Anker Stephan , Coats Andrew , Filippatos Gerasimos , Crespo‐Leiro Maria G. , Mebazaa Alexandre , Piepoli Massimo F. , Maggioni Aldo Pietro , Tavazzi Luigi ,   ESC‐HFA HF Long‐Term Registry investigators
Published: October 2016

AbstractAimsThe aim of this study was to evaluate the in‐hospital and 1‐year prognostic impact of diabetes and elevated blood glucose levels at hospital admission in patients with acute heart failure (HF).Methods and resultsWe studied a multinational cohort of 6926 hospitalized patients with acute HF enrolled in the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and Heart Failure Association (HFA) Long‐Term Registry, of whom 49.4% (n = 3422) had known or previously undiagnosed diabetes (defined as self‐reported history, or medication use, or fasting glucose levels ≥7.0 mmol/L or haemoglobin A1c ≥6.5%). Compared with those without diabetes, patients with known or previously undiagnosed diabetes had higher cumulative rates of in‐hospital mortality, 1‐year mortality, and 1‐year HF re‐hospitalization that occurred independently of multiple clinical risk factors: in‐hospital mortality [6.8 vs. 4.4%; adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 1.774; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.282–2.456, P < 0.001], 1‐year all‐cause mortality (27.5 vs. 24%; adjusted HR 1.162; 95% CI 1.020–1.325, P = 0.024), and 1‐year hospital re‐admissions for HF (23.2 vs. 18.5%; adjusted HR 1.320; 95% CI 1.139–1.530, P < 0.001). Moreover, elevated admission blood glucose concentrations were powerfully prognostic for in‐hospital mortality, but not for 1‐year mortality or re‐hospitalizations, in both patients with and without diabetes.ConclusionsAmong patients hospitalized for acute HF, the presence of diabetes is independently associated with an increased risk of in‐hospital mortality, 1‐year all‐cause mortality, and 1‐year re‐hospitalizations for HF, underscoring the need for more effective and personalized treatments of diabetes in this particularly high‐risk patient population.
Recent Advances of Carbon Nanotubes‐based Electrochemical Immunosensors for the Detection of Protein Cancer Biomarkers
Authors: Feng Taotao , Wang Yue , Qiao Xiuwen 
Published: October 2016

AbstractAn efficient electrochemical immunosensor can offer the potential for the detection of protein cancer biomarkers due to its high sensitivity, low cost and possible integration in compact analytical devices. In the last several years, researchers have developed various electrochemical immunoassay methods for the detection of protein cancer biomarkers. Significant progresses have been made in the study of electrochemical immunosensor that based on CNTs, especially in the fields of clinical screening and diagnosis of cancer field. This is because CNTs possess unique structural, mechanical and electronic properties that can decrease over‐potential and improve the sensitivity of electrochemical immunosensor. This paper reviews recent advances in the different modified strategies of constructing electrochemical immunosensor based on CNTs for detecting protein cancer biomarkers. CNTs or CNTs hybrid nanomaterials modified electrodes have been firstly introduced as the sensing platforms for the detection of protein cancer biomarkers. On the other hand, CNTs or functional CNTs used as labels in sandwich‐type electrochemical immunosensors have been systematically summarized. These novel strategies and the general principles could increase the sensitivity of the immunosensor, thereby overcoming the limitations of its application in the biosensing field.
Identity Processes and Statuses in Patients with and without Eating Disorders
Authors: Verschueren Margaux , Luyckx Koen , Kaufman Erin A. , Vansteenkiste Maarten , Moons Philip , Sleuwaegen Ellen , Berens Ann , Schoevaerts Katrien , Claes Laurence 
Published: October 2016

AbstractProblems with identity formation are associated with a range of psychiatric disorders. Yet, the mechanisms underlying such problems and how they are refined into specific diagnostic presentations require further investigation. The present study investigated identity processes among 123 women with eating disorders (ED) and age‐matched community controls via a newly developed identity model. Several clinical outcome variables were assessed. Patients with ED scored lower on committing to and identifying with identity‐related choices and scored higher on maladaptive or ruminative exploration, identity diffusion and identity disorder. They also experienced less identity achievement as compared with controls. The identity disorder status was associated with the highest scores on anxiety, depression, borderline personality disorder symptoms, and non‐suicidal self‐injury and the lowest scores on need satisfaction. Results indicate that patients with ED experience more identity problems than community controls and those captured by an identity disorder status experience the most problematic psychosocial functioning. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Influence of Parental Expressed Emotions on Children's Emotional Eating via Children's Negative Urgency
Authors: Munsch Simone , Dremmel Daniela , Kurz Susanne , De Albuquerque Jiske , Meyer Andrea H. , Hilbert Anja 
Published: October 2016

AbstractWe investigated whether parental expressed emotion (criticism and emotional overinvolvement) is related to children's emotional eating and whether this relationship is mediated by children's negative urgency. One hundred children, aged 8 to 13 years, either healthy or have binge‐eating disorder and/or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, completed the questionnaires, along with their parents. Parental criticism and, to a lesser extent, parental emotional overinvolvement were both positively related to children's emotional eating, and this relationship was mediated by children's negative urgency. Further exploratory analyses revealed that the mediating role of children's negative urgency in the relationship between parental criticism and children's emotional eating was pronounced in the clinical group of children with binge‐eating disorder and attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder but almost absent in the healthy control group. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
IMPLEMENTATION AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CHILD‐PARENT PSYCHOTHERAPY: THE ROLE OF REFLECTIVE CONSULTATION IN THE LEARNING COLLABORATIVE MODEL
Authors: Noroña Carmen Rosa , Acker Michelle L. 
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACTRecent implementation science in mental health has focused on identifying the most effective strategies to disseminate and implement evidence‐based treatments (EBTs) into real‐world practice settings. The learning collaborative training methodology and its use of expert trainers/consultants have become increasingly popular as one of these approaches. Moreover, there is preliminary evidence that ongoing expert consultation may increase the adoption, learning, and sustainability of EBTs by an already practicing workforce and, consequently, help trainers, practitioners, and organizations address implementation barriers. This article describes the authors’ experiences in facilitating Child‐Parent Psychotherapy (CPP) training and explores the role of reflective clinical consultation as an active process that supports the implementation of a rich, but complex, model that requires sophisticated knowledge and skills from practitioners. It examines the intricate range of the CPP consultant's functions, which ultimately support clinicians’ reflective practice as they learn and adopt this EBT. Reflective consultation is proposed as an essential component for the integration of knowledge, experience, and emotions in practitioners and as a catalyst for organizational change. Using their voices as trainers–consultants and those of their trainees, the authors discuss the implications of reflective consultation for the effective implementation and sustainability of CPP. Reflections are offered on lessons learned.
Field Tests and Behaviour Analysis of Saemangeum Inner Dike Construction with Geotextile Tube Method Applied
Authors: Park Jong Gun , Kim Hak Won , Ko Jeong Hee , Park Tae Sup 
Published: October 2016

AbstractGeotextile tubes hydraulically or mechanically filled with dredged materials have been successfully applied to hydraulic and coastal engineering in recent years (e.g. shore protection structures, sea dikes, groins, jetties, detached breakwaters). This method is becoming popular and has been widely applied in the developed countries of the world. It is economical as well as useful, and enables us to store and isolate contaminated materials obtained from harbour dredging. In this study, a numerical analysis was performed to investigate the behaviour of geotextile tubes in terms of various properties of the material, shape condition and pumping pressure. The computer program GeoCoPS was employed for this analysis. Also, field tests were conducted in order to identify the construction workability of Saemangeum inner dike when the geotextile tube method is applied. In the field tests, geotextile tubes of 62 m in length and 4.0 m in diameter were used. The field tests found that geotextile tubes, when filled, did not have the same diameter as the unfilled theoretical one, but might reach approximately 55% of the theoretical diameter. At that time, the effective height of a geotextile tube was about 2.2 m. The behaviour during and after construction was measured to confirm the construction method and workability, which ended in successful identification. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Single‐molecule force spectroscopy applied to heparin‐induced thrombocytopenia
Authors: Nguyen Thi‐Huong 
Published: October 2016

AbstractHeparin‐induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), occurring up to approximately 1% to 5% of patients receiving the antithrombotic drug heparins, has a complex pathogenesis involving multiple partners ranging from small molecules to cells/platelets. Recently, insights into the mechanism of HIT have been achieved by using single‐molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS), a methodology that allows direct measurements of interactions among HIT partners. Here, the potential of SMFS in unraveling the mechanism of the initial steps in the pathogenesis of HIT at single‐molecule resolution is highlighted. The new findings ranging from the molecular binding strengths and kinetics to the determination of the boundary between risk and non‐risk heparin drugs or platelet‐surface and platelet‐platelet interactions will be reviewed. These novel results together have contributed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying HIT and demonstrate how SMFS can be applied to develop safer drugs with a reduced risk profile.
Characterizations of Sobolev spaces associated to operators satisfying off‐diagonal estimates on balls
Authors: Zhang Junqiang , Chang Der‐Chen , Yang Dachun 
Published: October 2016

Let
be a metric measure space of homogeneous type and L be a one‐to‐one operator of type ω on
for ω∈[0, π/2). In this article, under the assumptions that L has a bounded H∞‐functional calculus on
and satisfies (pL, qL) off‐diagonal estimates on balls, where pL∈[1, 2) and qL∈(2, ∞], the authors establish a characterization of the Sobolev space
, defined via Lα/2, of order α∈(0, 2] for p∈(pL, qL) by means of a quadratic function Sα, L. As an application, the authors show that for the degenerate elliptic operator Lw: =− w − 1div(A∇) and the Schrödinger type operator
with a∈(0, ∞) on the weighted Euclidean space
with A being real symmetric, if n⩾3,
with q∈[1, 2],
, p∈(1, ∞) and
with
, then, for all
,
, where the implicit equivalent positive constants are independent of f,
denotes the class of Muckenhoupt weights,
the reverse Hölder class, and D(Lw) and
the domains of Lw and
, respectively. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.