bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Why do things expand on heating? A discussion on the need for asymmetric potentials to understand thermal expansion
Authors: Luchi Guilherme , Heidemann Leonardo , Prado Sandra 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Understanding thermal expansion is pivotal in various contexts such as comprehending sea level rise due to climate change. Considering the importance of these topics for physics education, this article aims to clarify the characteristics of the models used to represent and explain thermal expansion. Limitations of the linear expansion equation commonly found in textbooks are shown, emphasising the importance of conceptual discussion about thermal expansion. Microscopic models are also explored, demonstrating the inadequacy of the harmonic oscillator model in explaining thermal expansion and introducing the necessity of employing asymmetric potentials. Through the graphic of the Lennard-Jones potential and an algebraic deduction akin to Enrico Fermi’s approach, the thermal expansion of solids and its relation with asymmetric interactions is explored.
Deploying an IoT-based remote physics lab platform to enhance experimental physics education in remote regions
Authors: Castaño Fabian Andres , López Eduin , Jaramillo Jhon Alejandro , Navarro Victor , Osorio Jaime 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For several years, the educational gap in certain Latin American countries and around the world has become increasingly evident. The limited access to cutting-edge knowledge and technologies to strengthen student training processes has emerged as a significant problem, leading to increased inequality in job opportunities in these regions and progressive setbacks in social and economic development. One way to mitigate this problem has been to provide access to information through telecommunications. However, integration with educational processes has been deficient, especially in the areas of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. This work proposes the development of a remote physics laboratory platform for experimental validation of models explaining certain physical phenomena. This platform is based on the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm, allowing students and teachers to connect with these experiences coveringtopics in mechanics, electricity and magnetism, optics, and thermodynamics from remote regions. These laboratories utilize physical setups in educational institutions that have been modified to provide connectivity and remote control capabilities based on IoT. Finally, a framework for implementing new remote laboratories based on the IoT paradigm through an open-source platform is presented. The system has been tested and validated with high school and early university students to verify its usefulness, showing the potential to enhance educational processes by providing laboratory access to students and teachers from primary education to secondary education and university-level professional programs.
Localized electronic states induced by the presence of two defective resonators in electronic comb-like waveguides structure
Authors: Machichi Siham , Touiss Tarik , Elamri Fatima Zahra , Ezzarfi Abdelouahid , Falyouni Farid , Bria Driss 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this paper, we use the transfer matrix method to determine the band structure and electrical transmission rate of a one-dimensional electronic comb-like waveguide system. This structure is made up of the periodicity of finite GaAs quantum wire (QWR) (segment) grafted in its extremity by a vertical Ga

1
−
x

Al
x
As QWR (resonator). In this perfect structure, we replace the resonator situated in the middle of the periodic structure by a composed resonator made of vertical superposition of two resonators of different Al concentrations (x
01 and x
02). These defective resonators induce electronic localized states, inside the electronic band gaps of the perfect structure, with higher energy values depending on the geometrical (lengths) and the physical (x
01, x
02) parameters of the defective resonators. When the length d
02 of the upper resonator composed of Al concentration

x

02

=
0.3

increases, these localized electronic states move to lower energies; conversely, when the concentration x
02 increases, they move to higher energies. We also show that there is an important effect of changing the localized states of two resonators connected in cascade with different concentrations. Our results may be relevant to the design of electronic guidance, filtering, and detection systems.
Watermarking method based on double-threshold correspondence imaging with lossless host image
Authors: Wei Yi , Sun Mingze , Bai Xing , Yu Zhan , Li Ying , Ouyang Zongguang , Wang Daili , Zhou Xin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A watermarking method based on double-threshold correspondence imaging (DTCI) with lossless host image is proposed, which employ every bit of the 8-bit grayscale host image without changing picture. This image watermarking method firstly processes the host image to obtain symbolic attribute arrays (SAAs). Then the watermark image is performs DTCI operations to rearrange the order of the speckle patterns according to the SAAs. Because there is not any additional information embedded into the host image, it ensures the watermark image with not only complete imperceptibility but also a significant capacity. When the authorized users utilize both the binary numbers of host image and the rearranged speckle patterns as the key, the watermark image can be easily retrieved. Additionally, the suggested method demonstrates remarkable robustness in the face of ‘Salt and Pepper’ noise and cropping attacks.
Pixel Circuit Design for X-ray Detection Utilizing a-IGZO Thin-Film Transistors
Authors: Hoo Lee Jang , Jin Kim Young , Kang Park Hye , Jae Moon Seung , Wei Lei , Seong Bae Byung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In recent advancements, X-ray detectors have made significant progress. Active pixel sensors exhibit superior Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) compared to passive counterparts. The conventional pixel circuit for X-ray detectors has three transistors and one capacitor. We focused on simplifying this pixel to enhance resolution. Our research introduces and verifies a novel pixel circuit developed for high-resolution X-ray detectors. The proposed pixel circuit is composed by two n-type thin-film transistors and one capacitor. It requires two scan pulses and three operational stages. This structure can effectively reduce the component area of the pixel circuit. We designed RPI LEVEL = 35 amorphous TFT model and simulated for verify our proposed pixel circuit. In results, proposed pixel circuit successfully operated and shows 2.5 μV when the equivalent resistance of detector (RDetector) is 10 MΩ, and 8.38 V when RDetector is 1 MΩ. To minimize the harmful effects of X-ray exposure, reducing the dosage is essential. Sensitivity and low noise are crucial factors, and the proposed circuit offers a compact design, increased sensitivity, and higher output voltage.
Numerical study of AC loss and H-formulation for high temperature superconductors
Authors: Revathi S , Garkki B 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The high-temperature superconductor (HTS) plays a crucial role in power grids due to its ability to carry high current densities and withstand strong magnetic fields, making it ideal for applications like superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES). However, integrating SMES systems with the grid introduces challenges, particularly regarding the generation of AC losses during cyclic operations, which can lead to temperature increases in HTS tape. This article presents a method for calculating AC losses and determining the magnetic field formulation at the critical state of HTS using numerical techniques. The study focuses on analyzing the charging and discharging operations of a grid-integrated SMES system based on silicon-controlled rectifiers. Additionally, the critical current of the HTS tape is determined using the four-probe method to characterize its I-V characteristics.
A novel brain network analysis method for pediatric ADHD using RFE-GA feature selection strategy
Authors: Gu Xiang , Dang Chen , Shi Tianyu , Tang Lihan , Wang Kai , Luo Xiangsheng , Zhu Yu , Feng Yuan , Wu Guisen , Zou Ling , Sun Li 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a highly prevalent childhood disorder. The diagnosis of diseases primarily relies on the subjective judgment of doctors, and the diagnostic criteria provided in different diagnostic manuals vary as well. Therefore, accurately identifying individuals with ADHD remains a challenging issue. Currently, EEG research on ADHD lacks recognized and reliable neurological biomarkers, which are essential for improving the accuracy and standardization of diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, this study employs transfer entropy to analyse effective brain network connectivity, revealing differences in brain networks of ADHD patients and exploring its potential as a neurological biomarker. Additionally, we propose an ADHD detection method based on Recursive Feature Elimination with Genetic Algorithm (RFE-GA), which utilizes the global search capability of GA and the feature selection ability of RFE for feature optimization in EEG data. This approach aims to validate the feasibility of transfer entropy as a neurological biomarker for ADHD. The results revealed the control group exhibited lower connectivity strength in the left temporal alpha and beta bands, but higher frontal connectivity strength compared to the ADHD group. Additionally, in the gamma frequency band, the control group had higher top lobe connectivity strength than the ADHD group. Through the RFE-GA feature selection method, the optimized feature set was more concise, achieving classification accuracies of 91.3%, 94.1%, and 90.7% for the alpha, beta, and gamma frequency bands, respectively. The proposed RFE-GA feature selection method significantly reduced the number of features, thereby improving classification accuracy.
All-fiber coherent supercontinuum generation in a cascade of silica, fluoride, and chalcogenide fibers
Authors: Shamim Md Hosne Mobarok , Brilland Laurent , Chahal Radwan , Troles Johann , Rochette Martin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We present an all-fiber coherent supercontinuum spanning the spectral range of 1.7–5.0 µm from a cascade of silica, ZBLAN, and chalcogenide (ChG) nonlinear fibers (NLFs). Coherence is maintained by the combined use of femtosecond pump pulses as well as by allowing deterministic spectral broadening mechanism at every stage of the cascade. The use of femtosecond pump pulses enables avoiding modulation instability (MI) at the onset of the supercontinuum generation process and thus prevent subsequent MI-seeded random noise. Once in the NLF cascade, the pump pulse is instead converted into a soliton of order maintained at N < 6 in the silica and ZBLAN NLFs, ensuring soliton fission followed by self-frequency shift of a few solitons. Finally, in the ChG NLF, spectral broadening is facilitated through self-phase modulation and dispersive wave generation. The deterministic nature of these nonlinear phenomena results in the generation of a coherent supercontinuum. The supercontinuum delivers an average power of 54 mW from an average pump power of 300 mW, yielding a power conversion efficiency of 18%. The experimental results closely align with numerical simulations, from which coherence is estimated. Such a coherent supercontinuum with a megahertz repetition rate is essential for spectroscopic systems based on optical frequency combs and applications in high-precision optical coherence tomography.
A structured framework to evaluate capsule endoscope locomotion systems
Authors: Dinkar Deepak Kumar , Shaheed M Hasan , Herrington Eldrid , Althoefer Kaspar , Thaha Mohamed Adhnan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Although capsule endoscopes have advanced significantly over the past two decades, their original passive design remains. Developing active locomotion systems for capsule endoscopes is a research-intensive field, and several such systems have been devised, using a variety of bioengineering solutions. While many of these systems are at various stages of testing-from theoretical to bench to in-vivo-only one has made it to pre-clinical trials. What is clear is the absence of a standardised system to evaluate and compare the different technologies. In this paper, we set out a structured framework with which to evaluate capsule endoscope locomotion systems (CELSs). The criteria set upon which it is based is derived from agreed clinically optimal conditions. The existing literature on CELS is then systematically reviewed and analysed using the framework, to demonstrate its validity. The average design score for existing CELS is 60.10% (range: 44.54%–78.74%). We found that the lowest-performing designs used inchworm and vibratory locomotion, whereas the highest-scoring designs all had magnetic actuation incorporated in some form. It is expected that the proposed new framework will enable clinicians, researchers, and manufacturers to consider global evaluative criteria when developing CELS and to apply them to existing and future system solutions.
Design and analysis of central gate organic thin film transistor
Authors: Rathod Arun Pratap Singh , Gowri R , Nautiyal Bhaskar , Dubey Ved Prakash 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper presents a novel central gate organic thin-film transistor (OTFT) with electrodes in top-bottom configuration and its comparative performance analysis with conventional single and dual gate OTFTs. The central gate OTFT is comprised of a single gate electrode configured to be the center thin film. A pair of identical dielectric layers viz. top dielectric layer and a bottom dielectric layer on both sides of gate electrode to facilitate the further deposition top and bottom organic semiconductor layer over them respectively. The organic semiconductor layers (OSC) are configured as top OSC layer and a bottom OSC to accommodate two independent conduction channels. The source and drain electrodes are also deposited in pairs in top and bottom configurations. Due to the subtle modifications in the architecture the resultant output drain current of the central gate (CG) OTFT has increased manifold. It has been found in the study that the CG OTFT produces 94%, 76.36%, 80.58% higher drain current than bottom gate bottom contact (BGBC), top gate bottom contact (TGBC) and bottom gate top contact (BGTC) OTFT respectively of similar size, operating under identical voltage regime. Similarly in the case of dual gate (DG) OTFT an improvement of 5.10% has been recorded without any additional gate electrode at the same operating voltages.
Cumulative optimization of magnetoelectric composite-based wireless energy transfer
Authors: Kumar Amritesh , Newacheck Scott , Youssef George 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Magnetoelectric composite-based wireless energy transfer (WET) comprising omnidirectional ring-shaped transmitter and laminated plate receiver elements have been studied experimentally and theoretically. The objective is to reveal the conditions conducive to achieving optimal power based on the device geometries, the relative orientations, and the operating conditions, including the vibrational frequency, applied electric field, bias magnetic field, and the corresponding resistive load. The reformulated physics-based model establishes the dependence of the output power on the load resistance, elucidating a strong interrelationship between the transferred power, vibrational displacement, and strain transduction coefficient based on relaxing all previous simplifying assumptions. The model ascertained the non-monotonic variation of the output power as a function of the interface coupling factor, emphasizing the crucial influence of gradual change in material properties within the strain-mediated magnetoelectric transmitter and receiver devices, i.e., an agile design framework for multiferroics-based power transfer devices.
Morphing flap driven by link with antagonistic shape memory alloy wires
Authors: Harada Yuki , Senba Atsuhiko 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This paper describes a study of a morphing flap using antagonistically arranged shape memory alloy (SMA) wires as actuators. The main focus of this study is to examine how existing aircraft structures and mechanisms can be modified to make the morphing airfoil more practical. The first step is to consider the drawbacks of existing morphing airfoils and then examine the advantages of the morphing airfoil proposed in this study. Then, a morphing airfoil is proposed to realize four significant technical issues: weight reduction, compatibility with existing structures, securing internal space, and seamless skin made with shape memory polymer (SMP) films. First, elemental experiments were conducted to examine the feasibility of the mechanical design, and the feasibility of the design of a large-morphing airfoil operating test model was confirmed. Next, aerodynamic and structural-mechanical analyses are conducted while designing the experimental operating model to verify whether it could operate up to the target flap angle under simulated flight conditions. After completing the experimental model, actuation tests are conducted as a morphing wing and confirm whether the wing could operate at the target flap angle in a realistic environment. As a result, the two-way morphing flap angle was experimentally observed. It is noted that only aerodynamic force was not considered in the experiment, which is further investigated in wind tunnel tests in future study. In addition, control rate of the proposed system seems improved than conventional model because of the reduction of the wire length of the actuation system. Thus, the results obtained in this study suggested the proposed link-driven SMA wire mechanism can be applied to make the morphing airfoil more practical.
Design of energy-efficient full subtractor circuit at near threshold computing for signal processing application
Authors: Basha Mohammed Mahaboob , Gundala Srinivasulu , Madhurima V , Khan Arfat Ahmad 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Energy Efficiency is a critical factor while designing integrated circuits. Therefore, a 1-bit full subtractor (FS) cell is proposed for lower power application by employing Gate Level Body Biasing (GLBB) scheme for Near Threshold Computing (NTC) application to conquer a unique module for achieving full swing borrow output.We evaluate power, delay, energy and the product of energy with delay (EDP) metrics with respect to C-CMOS full subtractor. The proposed feedback based with FS with GLBB technique has a total die area of 60.02 μm2, while the average power, delay, and energy are 1138 pW, 242 ns, and 27.53 aJ, respectively. The results revealed that our proposed subthreshold hybrid FS circuit with GLBB scheme successfully achieved more than 10.46% average power consumption, 26.58% energy consumption reductions, and 17.98% EDP savings compared to conventional CMOS configuration and other hybrid counterparts. GLBB circuits with FS achieve performance levels that are not affordable in C-CMOS, DTMOS,and GLBB with full adder configurations. Therefore, the FS circuit serves as an efficient divider circuit in terms of detecting objects for image processing applications.
Bruckner's Fourth
Authors: Korstvedt Benjamin M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Bruckner’s Fourth Symphony is one of the most beloved and frequently performed works in the orchestral repertoire; nevertheless, a great deal about it has remained unknown or misunderstood. The confusion centers around its extraordinary compositional history. Bruckner worked on the Fourth for more than fifteen years and created multiple versions of the work before he was finished. This book offers the first complete and coherent account of the extraordinary compositional evolution of this magnificent symphony. What emerges is the story of Bruckner’s extraordinary efforts to produce a symphony that would, as he put it, be able to “make its effect” in performance. The heart of the book is an exploration, based on comprehensive source study and critical analysis, of Bruckner’s ongoing creation on this symphony. It draws on numerous previously overlooked courses to explain the nature and significance of the versions through which the work passed, and considers the impact of its initial performances and the complicated roles played by Bruckner’s collaboration with other musicians in the later stages of the work’s evolution. The book also critiques the conventional wisdom about Bruckner and the “problem” posed by the versions of his works by deconstructing long-established myths, developing new insights, and bringing the musical logic of Bruckner’s revisions into clear focus. The book offers a searching yet accessible analysis of the music of the Fourth and a critical survey of the varying ways the work has been interpreted in performance and on recordings starting in the 1930s.
The Creation of the Fourth Symphony, 1874
Authors: Korstvedt Benjamin M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Fourth Symphony was the third in a series of four symphonies that Bruckner completed between 1872 and 1875. This chapter situates Bruckner’s creation of the Fourth in the context of his personal and professional life during these years. It also outlines the phases of his compositional process, which began by laying out the basic frame of the music in score, then fleshing out the texture, and finishing with what the composer called “nuancing.” The chapter exemplifies these phases with key passages in his manuscripts and discusses his invention of the main theme of the Finale.
The Music of the First Version
Authors: Korstvedt Benjamin M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
For a listener today, hearing the first version of Bruckner’s Fourth involves listening to what it is, as well as what it isn’t. Since the second version has long prevailed so thoroughly in concert and on recordings, it inevitably sets the standard against which the first version is heard and understood. Much of the first version music is similar to the later versions, yet much else is unique and sounds remarkably novel, indeed often daring. This chapter explores the music of the first version with an emphasis on its striking mixture of the familiar and the unfamiliar. It also considers how the unusual form of the second movement reflects the influence of Bruckner’s study of musical form in the 1860s.
The First Performances, 1881
Authors: Korstvedt Benjamin M 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The Fourth was finally given its first performance in February 1881. This chapter explains the circumstances that led up to this performance. These involved the personal intervention of the conductor, Hans Richter, to overcome resistance by members of the Vienna Philharmonic, preliminary rehearsals that Bruckner led with the orchestra of the Vienna Conservatory, and his final adjustments to the score, including the deletion of a passage that has remained largely unknown since then. The music of this passage is presented in Appendix 3 in this book. The chapter also offers an account of the concert itself, which was a definite success, and of the responses of leading critics. It concludes by describing the Fourth’s second performance in December 1881, which went poorly.