bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Near‐glacier surveying of a subglacial discharge plume: Implications for plume parameterizations
Authors: Jackson R. H. , Shroyer E. L. , Nash J. D. , Sutherland D. A. , Carroll D. , Fried M. J. , Catania G. A. , Bartholomaus T. C. , Stearns L. A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAt tidewater glaciers, plume dynamics affect submarine melting, fjord circulation, and the mixing of meltwater. Models often rely on buoyant plume theory to parameterize plumes and submarine melting; however, these parameterizations are largely untested due to a dearth of near‐glacier measurements. Here we present a high‐resolution ocean survey by ship and remotely operated boat near the terminus of Kangerlussuup Sermia in west Greenland. These novel observations reveal the 3‐D structure and transport of a near‐surface plume, originating at a large undercut conduit in the glacier terminus, that is inconsistent with axisymmetric plume theory, the most common representation of plumes in ocean‐glacier models. Instead, the observations suggest a wider upwelling plume—a “truncated” line plume of ∼200 m width—with higher entrainment and plume‐driven melt compared to the typical axisymmetric representation. Our results highlight the importance of a subglacial outlet's geometry in controlling plume dynamics, with implications for parameterizing the exchange flow and submarine melt in glacial fjord models.
The relative influence of H2O and CO2 on the primitive surface conditions and evolution of rocky planets
Authors: Salvador A. , Massol H. , Davaille A. , Marcq E. , Sarda P. , Chassefière E. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHow the volatile content influences the primordial surface conditions of terrestrial planets and, thus, their future geodynamic evolution is an important question to answer. We simulate the secular convective cooling of a 1‐D magma ocean (MO) in interaction with its outgassed atmosphere. The heat transfer in the atmosphere is computed either using the grey approximation or using a k‐correlated method. We vary the initial CO2 and H2O contents (respectively from 0.1 × 10−2 to 14 × 10−2 wt % and from 0.03 to 1.4 times the Earth Ocean current mass) and the solar distance—from 0.63 to 1.30 AU. A first rapid cooling stage, where efficient MO cooling and degassing take place, producing the atmosphere, is followed by a second quasi steady state where the heat flux balance is dominated by the solar flux. The end of the rapid cooling stage (ERCS) is reached when the mantle heat flux becomes negligible compared to the absorbed solar flux. The resulting surface conditions at ERCS, including water ocean's formation, strongly depend both on the initial volatile content and solar distance D. For D > DC, the “critical distance,” the volatile content controls water condensation and a new scaling law is derived for the water condensation limit. Although today's Venus is located beyond DC due to its high albedo, its high CO2/H2O ratio prevents any water ocean formation. Depending on the formation time of its cloud cover and resulting albedo, only 0.3 Earth ocean mass might be sufficient to form a water ocean on early Venus.
Blood pressure and psychological distress among North Africans in France: The role of perceived personal/group discrimination and gender
Authors: Loose Florence , Tiboulet Marie , Maisonneuve Christelle , Taillandier‐Schmitt Anne , Dambrun Michael 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to examine the associations between perceived ethnic discrimination and (physical and mental) health indicators among North African women and men living in France.METHODSThis study included 82 North Africans, aged 18–64 years. Perceived discrimination was measured at both group level (PGD) and personal level (PPD). The physical health indicator was blood pressure. The mental health indicator was self‐reported psychological distress.RESULTSMultiple regression analyses showed that higher levels of PGD predicted higher blood pressure. PPD was not related to blood pressure. PPD was positively related to psychological distress among women, but not among men.CONCLUSIONPPD and PGD are associated with physical and mental health indicators in different ways among North African women and men in France.
Cancer incidence among boat‐building workers exposed to styrene
Authors: Ruder Avima M. , Bertke Stephen J. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundA cancer incidence analysis was conducted on The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health boat‐builders cohort exposed to styrene, a possible carcinogen.MethodsStandardized incidence ratios (SIR) and standardized rate ratios (SRR) were calculated using national and Washington State rates and a person‐years analysis program.ResultsAmong 3704 workers living in Washington State after 1991, when cancer registry case accrual began, 516 first primary diagnoses occurred through 2007. While overall cancer incidence was significantly reduced [SIR: 0.83 (0.76, 0.90)], internal comparisons suggest an association with exposure comparing high to low exposed person‐time [SRR: 1.28 (1.05, 1.55)].ConclusionThere is evidence of styrene exposure being linked to cancer incidence, which is notable since the cohort has not yet reached the median age of cancer diagnosis (65) in the United States.
Impact of Fluorine Atoms on Perylene Diimide Derivative for Fullerene‐Free Organic Photovoltaics
Authors: Zhao Liang , Sun Hua , Liu Xiaoyuan , Liu Changmei , Shan Haiquan , Xia Jiuxu , Xu Zongxiang , Chen Fei , Chen Zhi‐Kuan , Huang Wei 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe incorporation of fluorine atoms in organic semiconducting materials has attracted much attention recently due to its unique function to manipulate the molecular packing, film morphology and molecular energy levels. In this work, two perylenediimide (PDI) derivatives FPDI‐CDTph and FPDI‐CDTph2F were designed and synthesized to investigate the impact of fluorination on non‐fullerene acceptors. Both FPDI‐CDTph and FPDI‐CDTph2F exhibited strong and broad absorption profiles, suitable lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy levels, and good electron transport ability. Compared with FPDI‐CDTph, the fluorinated acceptor (FPDI‐CDTph2F) afforded an optimal bulk heterojunction morphology with an interconnected and nanoscale phase separated structure that allowed more efficient exciton dissociation and balanced charge transport. Consequently, organic solar cells based on FPDI‐CDTph2F showed a much higher power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.03 % than that of FPDI‐CDTph based devices (4.10 %) without any post‐fabrication treatment.
Robust Model Predictive Control for Linear Discrete‐Time System With Saturated Inputs and Randomly Occurring Uncertainties
Authors: Wang Jianhua , Song Yan , Zhang Sunjie , Liu Shuai , Dobaie Abdullah M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThis paper investigates the robust model predictive control (RMPC) problem for a class of linear discrete‐time systems subject to saturated inputs and randomly occurring uncertainties (ROUs). Due to limited bandwidth of the network channels, the networked transmission would inevitably lead to incomplete measurements and subsequently unavoidable network‐induced phenomenon that include saturated inputs as a special case. The saturated inputs are assumed to be sector‐bounded in the underlying system. In addition, the ROUs are taken into account to reflect the difficulties in precise system modelling, where the norm‐bounded uncertainties are governed by certain uncorrelated Bernoulli‐distributed white noise sequences with known conditional probabilities. Based on the invariant set theory, a sufficient condition is derived to guarantee the robust stability in the mean‐square sense of the closed‐loop system. By employing the convex optimization technique, the controller gain is obtained by solving an optimization problem with some inequality constraints. Finally, a simulation example is employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed RMPC scheme.
Study of gliquidone degradation behavior by high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography methods
Authors: Abdelwahab Nada S. , Elsaady Mohammed T. , Korany Aml G. , Hegazy Maha A. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGliquidone (GQ) is an oral hypoglycemic agent, belonging to second‐generation sulfonylurea derivatives. New high‐performance thin‐layer chromatography (HPTLC) and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) methods have been developed and validated and used for complete stability study of GQ following International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. GQ was subjected to stress and forced degradation under hydrolytic, oxidative and photolytic conditions. The drug was found to be unstable under acidic, alkaline and oxidative conditions with the formation of gliquidone sulfonamide (GQS), while a marked stability was confirmed under thermal and photolytic stress conditions. GQS is the British pharmacopeial impurity A of GQ and also considered as its synthesis intermediate. The developed chromatographic methods have been utilized for anticipating the degradation behavior of GQ under the studied conditions and then used for quantitation of GQ and GQS either in their pure forms or in laboratory prepared mixtures. The methods were successfully applied to GQ in pharmaceutical formulation. The methods have the advantages of being sensitive and less time consuming compared with the reported methods. The obtained results were statistically compared with a reported HPLC method showing no significant difference regarding both accuracy and precision.
Chemical Compositions, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Psidium guajava L. Leaves from Different Geographic Regions in China
Authors: Wang Lu , Wu Yanan , Huang Tao , Shi Kan , Wu Zhenqiang 
Published: June 2017

Hydrodistilled essential oils (EO) of Psidium guajava L. leaves from different regions in China were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The samples from Guangdong Province displayed high EO yields (0.61 – 0.75%, v/w). A total of 50 components, representing over 98.00% of the EOs, were identified and semi‐quantitatived. The major constituents of EOs included β‐caryophyllene (17.17 – 31.38%), γ‐gurjunene (9.17 – 15.22%), τ‐cadinol (1.35 – 10.02%) and calamenene (2.13 – 7.80%). The terpenoids in all sample oils were dominated by sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons (70.18 – 84.35%), followed by oxygenated sesquiterpenes (9.89 – 22.19%). The similarities and differences among EOs from different samples were evaluated by hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis methods. The IC50 values of EOs from different regions were between 18.52 – 33.72 mg/ml (DPPH) and 13.12 – 25.15 mg/ml (ABTS+). The FRAP value of EO from Guangdong Province was 7.34 – 9.13 mmol Vc/g DM, while the FRAP value of EO from Taiwan Province was 2.29 – 2.36 mmol Vc/g DM. The antimicrobial tests revealed that EO had a higher antimicrobial activity against all Gram‐positive bacteria and two fungi. Moreover, EO from P. guajava leaves of Guangdong Province showed the highest antimicrobial activity. These properties can be considered in the design of industrial products and for further application in the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.
KH‐type splicing regulatory protein mediate inflammatory response in gastric epithelial cells induced by lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Chen Chong , Cao Mei , Wu Daoyan , Li Ningzhe , Peng Jingshan , Song Liju , Qi Panpan , Zhang Mao , Zhao Jian 
Published: June 2017

AbstractTo study differential expressions of KH‐type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP) and inflammatory factors and to explore the relationship between them in Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced gastric epithelial cells (GES‐1), cells were exposed to LPS for 24 h in the presence or absence of SC‐514. Western blot and real‐time PCR (RT‐PCR) were used to analysis the contents of KSRP, inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2). The results showed that LPS decreased the expression of KSRP protein in GES‐1 cells, but not KSRP mRNA, while increasing the levels of iNOS and COX‐2 proteins and mRNAs in GES‐1cells. High expression of KSRP induced low expressions and stabilities of iNOS and COX‐2 in GES‐1 cells, indicated that KSRP protein presented negative correlation with iNOS and COX‐2 with LPS stimulation. In conclusion, the regulation of expression of KSRP was mainly achieved through post‐translational modification. KSRP protein participated in regulating the expression of iNOS and COX‐2 in their transcription and translation levels. In response to LPS or gram negative pathogenic microorganism, KSRP could regulate Toll‐like receptor (TLR)/ Nuclear factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) signal pathway in GES‐1 cells.
A fatal case of Rosai–Dorfman disease
Authors: Bulyashki Daniel , Brady Zarina , Arif Shahswar , Tsvetkov Nikolay , Radev Radoslav Stoyanov 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageAs Rosai–Dorfman Disease presents generally nonspecific symptoms, differential diagnosis can be of great learning curve for physicians. Additionally, RDD does not usually threaten life and spontaneous remission is frequently observed. However, unusually in our case the patient passed away within 1 month of confirmed diagnosis.
A novel mutation in L1CAM causes a mild form of L1 syndrome: a case report
Authors: Otter Maarten , Wevers Marijke , Pisters Marline , Pfundt Rolph , Vos Yvonne , Nievelstein Rutger Jan , Stumpel Constance 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageClinical geneticists, neurologists, psychiatrists, and other healthcare providers can learn from this case report that patients with a behavioral phenotype that includes a mild learning disability may also require a thorough examination, including brain MRI and whole‐exome sequencing.
Why could a woman have three Trisomy 21 pregnancies? – a case report
Authors: Magalhães Magda , Marques Cecília , Ramos Fabiana , Jardim Ana , Franco Sofia , Coelho Filomena , Carreira Isabel , Moura Paulo 
Published: June 2017

Key Clinical MessageMosaicism, an important cause for recurrent T21, should be suspected in families with more than one affected child wishing to receive prenatal counseling. Fluorescence in‐situ hybridization analysis in a large number of cells and in different tissue samples is critical for detecting low‐level mosaicism and is a key prognostic factor.
Quantitative analysis based on spectral shape deformation: A review of the theory and its applications
Authors: Chen Zeng‐Ping , Xiong Shun , Zuo Qi , Shi Cai‐Xia 
Published: June 2017

Most of the commonly used calibration methods in quantitative spectroscopic analysis are established or derived from the assumption of a linear relationship between the concentrations of the analytes of interest and corresponding absolute spectral intensities. They are not applicable for heterogeneous samples where the potential uncontrolled variations in optical path length due to the changes in samples' physical properties undermine the basic assumption behind them. About a decade ago, a unique calibration strategy was proposed to extract chemical information from spectral data contaminated with multiplicative light scattering effects. From then on, this calibration strategy has been attentively examined, modified, and used by its developers. After more than 10 years of development, some important features of the calibration strategy have been identified. It has been proved that the calibration strategy can solve many complex problems in quantitative spectroscopic analysis. But, because of the relatively low awareness of the calibration strategy among chemometrics society, its potential has not been fully exploited yet. This paper reviews the theory of the calibration strategy and its applications with a view to introducing the unique and powerful calibration strategy to a wider audience.
Slow Magnetic Relaxation in a Mononuclear Ruthenium(III) Complex
Authors: Wu Shu‐Qi , Miyazaki Yuji , Nakano Motohiro , Su Sheng‐Qun , Yao Zi‐Shuo , Kou Hui‐Zhong , Sato Osamu 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe development of magnetic molecules with long spin reversal/decoherence times highly depends on the understanding of relaxation behavior under different external conditions. Herein, a magnetic study on a RuIII complex (1) is presented. Detailed analysis of the relaxation time and the magneto‐heat capacity data suggests that the resonant phonon trapping process dominates the magnetic relaxation in the crystalline sample of 1, slowing down the spin relaxation rate, as further confirmed by the measurements on a ground sample and frozen solution. Thus, it provides a rare example showing that 4d metal‐centered mononuclear compounds without second‐order anisotropy can display slow magnetic relaxation.
Amphiphilic Cargo‐Loaded Nanocarrier Enhances Antibiotic Uptake and Perturbs Efflux: Effective Synergy for Mitigation of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Thiyagarajan Durairaj , Das Gopal , Ramesh Aiyagari 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA pyridinium‐amphiphile‐loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanocarrier (C1‐PNC) was developed as an adjuvant in order to break the resistance and restore the susceptibility of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) cells to therapeutic antibiotics. Notably, against a clinical MRSA strain, C1‐PNC was found to render 8‐ and 6‐fold decreases in the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC90) of gentamicin and ciprofloxacin, respectively. Mechanistic studies on MRSA planktonic cells revealed that in the case of gentamicin, C1‐PNC promotes enhanced cellular uptake of the antibiotic, whereas the propensity of C1‐PNC to inhibit efflux pump activity could be leveraged to enhance cellular accumulation of ciprofloxacin, leading to effective killing of MRSA cells. Interestingly, the combinatorial dosing regimen of C1‐PNC and the antibiotics was nontoxic to cultured HEK293 cells. This nontoxic amphiphile‐loaded nanomaterial holds considerable promise as an adjuvant for antibiotic‐mediated alleviation of MRSA biofilms.
Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells using In Situ Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Authors: Zhang Yunzhu , Parrondo Javier , Sankarasubramanian Shrihari , Ramani Vijay 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe objectives of this study were: 1) to confirm superoxide anion radical (O2.−) formation, and 2) to monitor in real time the rate of O2.− generation in an operating anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cell using in situ fluorescence spectroscopy. 1,3‐Diphenlisobenzofuran (DPBF) was used as the fluorescent molecular probe owing to its selectivity and sensitivity toward O2.− in alkaline media. The activation energy for the in situ generation of O2.− during AEM fuel cell operation was estimated to be 18.3 kJ mol−1. The rate of in situ generation of O2.− correlated well with the experimentally measured loss in AEM ion‐exchange capacity and ionic conductivity attributable to oxidative degradation.
Multicenter comparison of CD34+ myeloid cell count by flow cytometry in low‐risk myelodysplastic syndrome. Is it feasible?
Authors: Font Patricia , Subirá Dolores , Matarraz Sergio , Benavente Celina , Cedena María Teresa , Morado Marta , Pérez Corral Ana , Bellón José María , Díez‐Martín José Luis 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundAccuracy of bone marrow (BM) blast count in low‐risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) still remains a challenge though it is essential for prognosis. We investigated whether the enumeration of CD34+ myeloid cells by flow cytometry immunophenotyping (FCI) could be used as a consistent parameter for clinical MDS studies.MethodsSix clinical centers entered the study and information on their FCI protocols was recorded. Sixty‐seven flow cytometry listmodes from BM samples of patients with low‐risk MDS with <5% BM blasts were exchanged among participants in two different rounds. Interlaboratory variations on the quantification of CD34+ myeloid cells were calculated and strategies to solve differences were evaluated.ResultsAn overall “very good” agreement on CD34+ cell count among participants (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.720) was observed, but agreement was “low” in 22 files. No single parameter could fully explain all discrepancies, but 3 technical issues were identified as relevant: the use of the CD34/CD45/CD117/HLA‐DR mAb combination, acquisition of ≥50,000 events and a low percentage of debris/aggregates. The frequency of discordant results increased with the accumulation of pitfalls (none, 16%; 1 pitfall, 40%; 2 pitfalls, 83%;P = 0.006). Finally, the use of a common gating strategy for analysis increased the percentage of files with “very good” agreement to 100%.ConclusionsPrevention of specific technical pitfalls is mandatory to reach a good reproducibility of CD34+ cell count among centers. These recommendations set the basis for laboratory standardization and enable the use of CD34+ cell enumeration as additional information in low‐risk MDS patients. © 2017 International Clinical Cytometry Society
Protected areas as social‐ecological systems: perspectives from resilience and social‐ecological systems theory
Authors: Cumming Graeme S. , Allen Craig R. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractConservation biology and applied ecology increasingly recognize that natural resource management is both an outcome and a driver of social, economic, and ecological dynamics. Protected areas offer a fundamental approach to conserving ecosystems, but they are also social‐ecological systems whose ecological management and sustainability are heavily influenced by people. This editorial, and the papers in the invited feature that it introduces, discuss three emerging themes in social‐ecological systems approaches to understanding protected areas: (1) the resilience and sustainability of protected areas, including analyses of their internal dynamics, their effectiveness, and the resilience of the landscapes within which they occur; (2) the relevance of spatial context and scale for protected areas, including such factors as geographic connectivity, context, exchanges between protected areas and their surrounding landscapes, and scale dependency in the provision of ecosystem services; and (3) efforts to reframe what protected areas are and how they both define and are defined by the relationships of people and nature. These emerging themes have the potential to transform management and policy approaches for protected areas and have important implications for conservation, in both theory and practice.