bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
miR‐506 enhances the sensitivity of human colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin by suppressing MDR1/P‐gp expression
Authors: Zhou Hui , Lin Changwei , Zhang Yi , Zhang Xiuzhong , Zhang Chong , Zhang Pengbo , Xie Xingwang , Ren Zeqiang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectivesChemoresistance development represents a major obstacle to the successful treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC). The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism by which miR‐506 reverses oxaliplatin chemoresistance in CRC.MethodsIn this study, miR‐506 levels were measured in 74 patients with colon cancer via quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). We subsequently analysed the relationship between miR‐506 expression and CRC patient survival via the Kaplan‐Meier method. MTT assay demonstrated the fractional survival rates and cell viability of HCT116‐OxR, HCT116‐OxR‐miR‐Ctrl and HCT116‐OxR‐miR‐506 cells treated with oxaliplatin at different concentrations. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were assessed via flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and apoptosis assay. MDR1 mRNA expression and P‐gp protein expression were assessed via qRT‐PCR and Western blotting (WB) respectively. Immunofluorescence (IF) staining demonstrated P‐gp expression in HCT116‐OxR and HCT116‐OxR‐miR‐506 cells. qRT‐PCR and WB were used to detect Wnt/β‐catenin pathway activity after miR‐506 overexpression.ResultsIn the present study, in ISH and qRT‐PCR results demonstrated that miR‐506 is weakly expressed in chemoresistant CRC tissues. The low miR‐506 expression group exhibited lower 5‐year OS and lower 5‐year RFS than the high miR‐506 expression group. miR‐506 overexpression inhibited cell growth and increased oxaliplatin‐induced cell apoptosis in HCT116‐OxR cells, as shown via FCM and apoptosis assay. We subsequently noted low MDR1/P‐gp expression in HCT116‐OxR‐miR‐506 cells via qRT‐PCR, WB and IF. Lastly, we demonstrated low MDR1/P‐gp expression in HCT116‐OxR‐miR‐506 cells via inhibition of the Wnt/β‐catenin by WB, MTT and FCM analysis.ConclusionTaken together, the findings of our study demonstrate that miR‐506 overexpression in HCT116‐OxR cells enhances oxaliplatin sensitivity by inhibiting MDR1/P‐gp expression via down‐regulation of the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and thus provide a rationale for the development of miRNA‐based strategies to reverse oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells.
Fine needle cytology pre‐surgical differentiation of parathyroid neoplasms: Is it reliable?
Authors: Caleo A. , Vitale M. , Valvano L. , Siano M. , Angrisani B. , Forlenza M. , Massari A. , Puzziello A. , Salzano F. , Zeppa P. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundFine needle cytology (FNC) of a parathyroid neoplasia (PN) is reliable, but needs to be confirmed by Parathormone (PTH) and Thyroglobulin (TG) immunoassay on needle washing or by immunocytochemistry (ICC) evaluation. The differentiation between parathyroid adenoma (PA), atypical adenoma (PAA) and carcinoma (PC) is difficult on histology or even impossible on FNC. The aim of this study was to evaluate possible cytological criteria to classify FNC‐PN further.MethodsTwenty‐three FNC samples of PN and parathyroid cysts were rather then have been reviewed. The series includes 18 PNs, 4 cysts and 1 Thyr3B (histologically diagnosed as PA). Cytological features were: cellularity, patterns (follicular, solid or papillary), clear, oncocytic, isolated cells, nuclear atypia, cytoplasmic inclusions, nucleoli and mitoses. Data were compared with the histological controls.ResultsSeventeen PNs, 2 cysts and 1 Thyr3B FNC samples were histologically diagnosed as PA (16), PAA (2) and PC (2). Two cysts and 1 PN were not confirmed histologically. Cytological features and incidences were: high cellularity (1 PA, 1 PAA, 2 PCs), follicular (8 PAs, 1 PAA), solid (5 PAs, 1 PC), papillary pattern (1PA, 1 PAA, 1 PC), clear cells (4 PAs, 1 PAA, 2 PCs), oncocytic cells (6 PAs, 1 PAA, 2 PCs), isolated cells (5 PAs, 2 PAAs, 2 PCs), nuclear atypia (2 PAs, 1 PAA, 2 PCs), cytoplasmic inclusions (4 PAs, 2 PCs), nucleoli (2 PCs) and mitoses (2 PCs).ConclusionEvident nucleoli and mitoses may suggest the differentiation between PA and PC. However, further investigations are required to confirm these preliminary observations.
Use of cytological samples of metastatic melanoma for ancillary studies
Authors: Ko H. M. , Saieg M. A. , da Cunha Santos G. , Kamel‐Reid S. , Boerner S. L. , Geddie W. R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractObjectiveFine needle aspiration (FNA) is widely used in the diagnosis of metastatic melanoma, both at initial presentation and in the setting of recurrent disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the performance of confirmatory immunohistochemistry (IHC) and molecular analysis of the BRAF mutation in cytological preparations of metastatic melanoma.MethodsA 2‐year retrospective review of pathology reports was performed on cytological samples of metastatic melanoma at the University Health Network (Toronto, Canada) and the Santa Casa Medical School (Sao Paulo, Brazil). IHC was performed on cell block sections prepared from formalin‐fixed, fresh samples or residuum of CytoLyt/PreservCyt post‐fixed in formalin. BRAF V600E/K mutations were assessed by amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) analysis.ResultsA total of 104 samples (94 FNAs and 10 fluids) from 83 patients (20 women, 63 men) were included. IHC was attempted in 43 cases (41.3%) and successful in 41 (95.3%). The panel number of antibodies ranged from 1 to 15 (median 3). The most frequently used melanoma markers included HMB‐45, melanoma cocktail and S100 protein, used in 25 (58.1%), 23 (53.5%) and 18 samples (41.9%). Thirty cases (69.8%) used three or fewer markers. The BRAF V600E/K mutation was tested in eight samples, being successful in seven (87.5%) and positive in three (37.5%).ConclusionsCytological samples are a reliable and sufficient source for IHC and subsequent molecular analysis, allowing a reduced diagnostic time and rapid, appropriate treatment options in patients with advanced melanoma.
Polymorphism in the neotropical termite Serritermes serrifer
Authors: Barbosa José Renato Chagas , Constantino Reginaldo 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSerritermitidae (Isoptera) is a small and little known Neotropical termite family which includes only two genera: Glossotermes and Serritermes. Despite the lack of detailed studies, it has been assumed that these termites have a true worker caste. A recent study revealed that Glossotermes has a linear development pathway and lacks true workers. Here, we present a study of the polymorphism of Serritermes serrifer Hagen & Bates, a species endemic to the Cerrado ecoregion of central Brazil which lives as an inquiline inside nests of Cornitermes spp. A morphometric analysis was performed based on measurements taken of 11 body parts of 544 specimens of immatures, worker‐like individuals, soldiers, and alates. Sex of specimens was determined by dissection and examination of the seventh sternite. A principal component analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate morphological changes during development. Contrary with previous information from the literature and similar to Glossotermes, Serritermes shows a linear development pathway with two larval instars, two sizes of pseudergates, and a single nymphal morph. Pseudergates apparently undergo stationary molts. Sex ratio among pseudergates is male‐biased, but not as strongly as in Glossotermes. Typical colonies have a single physogastric primary queen and a single primary king. Ergatoid reproductives are relatively rare and some female ergatoids may become strongly physogastric. Nymphoid reproductives were not found. All soldiers are male and bear well‐developed testes.
Do upstream migrating, juvenile amphidromous shrimps, provide a marine subsidy to river ecosystems?
Authors: Novak Peter A. , Bayliss Peter , Crook David A. , Garcia Erica A. , Pusey Bradley J. , Douglas Michael M. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

The upstream migration of juvenile amphidromous shrimps has been proposed as a source of marine or estuarine‐derived nutrients into fresh water. Little is known about the size and ecological importance of any such subsidy as there have been few observational or empirical studies on the topic.

We investigated the upstream migration of the amphidromous shrimp, Macrobrachium spinipes (Palaemonidae) in the Daly River, of tropical northern Australia, to determine migration phenology, estimate migration biomass and determine whether migrating shrimps transport marine‐derived energy and nutrients upstream.

Field observations over 2 years revealed that juvenile M. spinipes migrate upstream en masse during extended periods of declining discharge over a period of 4–6 weeks during the wet season (March–May). In addition, juvenile atyid shrimps from the genus Caridina were also observed migrating upstream during the same period.

Fine‐scale sampling using fyke nets over 2 years (2013 and 2014) consistently found discharge to be the strongest predictor of M. spinipes and Caridina spp. biomass, while moon illumination and cloud cover were also important predictors. An estimated 10–20 million shrimps migrated upstream during each wet season, transporting c. 100 kg of carbon and c. 28 kg of nitrogen per year.

Muscle sulphur stable isotopes (δ34S) and exoskeleton strontium isotope ratios (87Sr/86Sr) were used to establish if marine carbon was transported upstream by the juvenile M. spinipes. Isotope data from migratory M. spinipes were compared to the non‐migratory freshwater Macrobrachium bullatum. No evidence of a marine signature in body tissue or exoskeleton was found using either technique, suggesting very rapid turnover of body tissues

This study provides key insights into the migration phenology of amphidromous shrimps and, importantly, suggests that migrating M. spinipes do not transport significant amounts of marine‐derived energy and nutrients across the marine/freshwater ecotone.
Omnivory and stability in freshwater habitats: Does theory match reality?
Authors: Wootton K. L. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

Omnivory, feeding at more than one trophic level, is a prevalent feature of freshwater ecosystems. Understanding where and when omnivory is important, its relevance for sustaining diversity, and the effect it may have on ecosystem responses to disturbances, are necessary for effective management of freshwater ecosystems.

The many theoretical predictions of the effects of omnivory are often contradictory, and empirical studies aimed at understanding omnivory have been difficult and contingent on a number of factors. Here, I synthesise theoretical evidence to generate five predictions of where omnivory will be most important in freshwater ecosystems, how it is maintained and the effect it will have on communities.

First, theory indicates that, while strong omnivorous interactions are destabilising, weak omnivorous interactions usually enhance stability. Therefore, mechanisms which decrease the strength of omnivorous interactions should favour their occurrence and increase stability of food webs. Secondly, omnivorous interactions which are theoretically unstable may be found in stable food webs due to stabilising features of the web as a whole. Thirdly, omnivory is likely to persist primarily at intermediate productivity levels and be more common in disturbed environments. Fourthly, omnivory is likely to decrease the strength of trophic cascades. Finally, omnivores should generally make more successful invaders.

These predictions are important for effective freshwater management because actions which decrease the strength of omnivorous interactions, such as maintaining habitat refuges for consumers (e.g. woody debris and aquatic plants), may be essential for sustaining biodiversity. In addition, if omnivores make better invaders, effective invasion management may benefit from focussing resources on omnivorous invaders to limit their spread and impact.

Overall, this synthesis of theoretical and empirical studies indicates that, while their predictions may be frequently at odds, with deeper investigation they are largely reconcilable and can be used to make practical suggestions for the careful management of omnivory in freshwater food webs.
Trophic consequences for riverine cyprinid fishes of angler subsidies based on marine‐derived nutrients
Authors: Gutmann Roberts Catherine , Bašić Tea , Amat Trigo Fatima , Britton J. Robert 
Published: February 2017

Abstract

The crossing of freshwater ecosystem boundaries by marine‐derived nutrients (MDN) is usually associated with migratory salmonid fishes returning to natal rivers. An alternative source of MDN in fresh waters is the widespread use of pelletised marine fishmeal (“pellets”) by freshwater anglers as they target large‐bodied cyprinid fishes, such as European barbel Barbus barbus.

Here, the trophic consequences of MDN from pellets for riverine cyprinid fishes were tested. Approaches used stable isotope analyses in controlled and wild scenarios, using B. barbus and chub Squalius cephalus as model species. The isotopic niche, measured as standard ellipse area, was used to assess trophic niche size, and mixing models predicted the extent to which MDN contributed to fish diet.

In experimental mesocosms, B. barbus fed low volumes of pellets (c. 3 per fish) for 130 days had isotopic niche sizes that were up to four times larger than a control and “medium” (6 per fish) and “high” pellet (12 per fish) treatments. Somatic growth rates were significantly higher in the “medium” and “high” treatments. In pond enclosure experiments, when juvenile B. barbus and S. cephalus were fed pellets daily for 100 days, there was a substantial and significant shift in the position of their isotopic niche compared to controls with no pellets fed. However, for each species, there were no significant differences in their somatic growth rates in the presence/absence of pellets.

In a lowland river, high proportions of MDN contributed to the diet of B. barbus and S. cephalus captured by angling, but with substantial individual variability in those captured by electric fishing. Across all B. barbus >400 mm, MDN dietary contributions ranged between 9% and 71%. This suggested some individual diet specialisations within their population that was associated with feeding on this angler subsidy and that also resulted in a significant increase in the size of their population isotopic niche.

These results suggested that when pellets containing MDN are used in freshwater angling, they are consumed and assimilated by cyprinid fishes, influencing individual and population trophic positions, and isotopic niche sizes and dietary specialisations. The results also suggested that the extent to which individuals specialise in feeding on pellets potentially influences their vulnerability to capture by anglers.
Pb‐isotope compositions of the Tasik Chini volcanic‐hosted massive sulfide deposit, Central Belt of Peninsular Malaysia: Implication for source region and tectonic setting
Authors: Basori Mohd Basril Iswadi , Zaw Khin , Meffre Sebastien , Large Ross Raymond , Wan Hassan Wan Fuad 
Published: February 2017

AbstractLead isotope data of sulfides and host volcanic rocks from the Bukit Botol and Bukit Ketaya deposits, the two representative deposits of the Tasik Chini volcanic‐hosted massive sulfide (VHMS) deposit, Central Belt of Peninsular Malaysia, are reported. Lead isotope compositions of the associated sulfide minerals and volcanic rocks from the Bukit Botol deposit exhibit homogeneous and less radiogenic values (206Pb/204Pb showing a range of composition from 18.14 to 18.20, 207Pb/204Pb between 15.52 and 15.59 and 208Pb/204Pb from 37.96 to 38.35). Similarly, the Pb isotopic compositions of the host volcanic rocks from the Bukit Ketaya deposit yielded a narrow range to those of the sulfide samples (206Pb/204Pb from 18.04 to 18.20, 207Pb/204Pb between 15.43 and 15.57 and 208Pb/204Pb of 37.96 to 38.30). The uniform Pb‐isotope compositions of the sulfides in the ore horizon and the host volcanic rocks from both deposits suggest a derivation from a similar source reservoir and mineralization processes. In the framework of the tectonic model for the Central Belt of Peninsular Malaysia, both deposits display a range of lead isotopic compositions originated from mixing of bulk crust/juvenile arc and minor mantle sources, which are typical for VHMS deposits in an island arc–back arc setting.
Evidence for the association of Hashimoto's thyroiditis with psoriasis: a cross‐sectional retrospective study
Authors: Kiguradze Tina , Bruins Finola M. , Guido Nicholas , Bhattacharya Tanya , Rademaker Alfred , Florek Aleksandra G. , Posligua Alba , Amin Shatil , Laumann Anne E. , West Dennis P. , Nardone Beatrice 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundCurrent information indicates that psoriasis is a metabolic disorder with systemic manifestations. Reports have revealed an association between psoriasis and several chronic autoimmune disorders. For one of these disorders, Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), there are scarce, and relatively unconfirmed, reports of an association with psoriasis. We sought to determine if such an association is detectable in a large medical record data repository.MethodsWe searched one institution's electronic medical record data repository from January 2010 to December 2013. Patients were identified by ICD‐9 codes (psoriasis: 696.0; 696.1, HT: 245.2). Only data from patients with laboratory‐confirmed HT (anti‐thyroid peroxidase [anti‐TPO] antibodies; thyroglobulin antibodies; serum thyroid‐stimulating hormone; and free T3) were eligible for inclusion. Logistic regression analysis was used to obtain an odds ratio (OR) to establish an association between psoriasis and HT. Stratified analyses were performed to test for confounding variable and effect modification.ResultsMedical records for 856,615 individuals with documented encounters between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2013, were detected. A total of 9654 had a diagnosis of psoriasis, and 1745 had a diagnosis of HT. Of these, 41 subjects were diagnosed with both conditions. A significant association existed for psoriasis and HT, even after adjusting for confounding variables that included gender, age, psoriatic arthropathy, and the use of systemic anti‐psoriatic agents (OR = 2.49; 95% CI 1.79–3.48; P < 0.0001).ConclusionsThis association has broad clinical impact and deserves further attention with regard to patient care, clinical research, and developmental therapeutics.
Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of Muntingia calabura Linn. peel by HPLC‐DAD and UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS
Authors: Rotta Eliza Mariane , Haminiuk Charles Windson Isidoro , Maldaner Liane , Visentainer Jesuí Vergilio 
Published: February 2017

SummaryAntioxidant activity in Muntingia calabura Linn. peel was evaluated by DPPH radical, ORAC, ABTS cation radical, FRAP assays and total phenolic contents by different extraction conditions. In addition, a method for determination of phenolic compounds in calabura peel samples harvested in Brazil using methanol:water and magnetic stirring as the extraction method, HPLC‐DAD and UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS analysis were developed. Calabura peel showed antioxidant activity for all extraction conditions and assays evaluated, the most polar solvents being more effective. The developed HPLC‐DAD method allowed the accurate determination of phenolic compounds, with recoveries in the range of 72–107% and precision values ≤4%, with exception for chlorogenic acid. Gallic acid was determined at the highest concentration levels, followed by myricetin, ferulic acid and vanillic acid. However, all the five proposed phenolic compounds were identified in calabura peel samples by UPLC‐ESI‐MS/MS. Thus, calabura peel, an uncommon edible fruit part, can be appointed as a rich source of phenolic compounds.
Effects of individualized exercise program on physical function, psychological dimensions, and health‐related quality of life in patients with chronic kidney disease: A randomized controlled trial in China
Authors: Tang Qing , Yang Bin , Fan Fengyan , Li Ping , Yang Lei , Guo Yujie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 12‐week home‐based exercise program on physical function, psychological dimensions, and health‐related quality of life for patients with chronic kidney disease. Ninety eligible patients were enrolled and randomly separated into the exercise group and the control group from November 2015 to May 2016. The exercise group received an individualized exercise program while the control group received only usual care and continued primary lifestyle. Physical function was measured using 6‐minute walk test and 10 repetitions of the sit‐to‐stand test while psychological dimensions were assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and the Self‐Efficacy for Exercise scale. Quality of life was evaluated by a disease‐specific instrument, the Kidney Disease Quality of Life scale. The differences between the exercise group and the control group were statistically significant for 6‐minute walk distance, the time to complete 10 repetitions of the sit‐to‐stand test, self‐efficacy for exercise, anxiety and depression, and all domains of health‐related quality of life after a 12‐week exercise. This study suggests that home‐based individualized exercise program is an effective and feasible way of improving physical function, psychological stress, and health‐related quality of life for early stage of chronic kidney disease patients.
Treatment of standardised wounds with pure epidermal micrografts generated with an automated device
Authors: Buehrer Gregor , Arkudas Andreas , Horch Raymund E 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn this study, we analysed the effects of pure epidermal micrografts generated with an automated device in a standardised human wound model. Epidermal micrografts were harvested using an automated device. Micrografts were then transplanted onto split‐skin donor sites. The target area was only partially covered with transplants to create an intra‐individual control area. Wounds were evaluated by subjective assessment as well as measurements with combined laser and white light spectroscopy and cutometry. The epidermal graft sites remained completely stable, whereas control sites offered partially unstable and blistering areas. Statistically, no measurable difference in the speed of initial reepithelialisation could be shown. However, there was an increased pliability and softness of the treated areas that correlated with the subjective impression of both investigators and patients. There was a significantly higher relative haemoglobin concentration, measurable in treated and untreated areas at 4 weeks and 6 months. Cutometry showed no differences in skin properties between treated and untreated areas. This study shows an effect of epidermal micrografts in a standardised human wound model and supports the positive impact of keratinocytes on early wound healing as described in literature. Long‐term effects of epidermal grafting deserve further studies.
Pr3+/Yb3+:PLZT ferroelectric ceramics for near‐infrared radiation at 1340 nm
Authors: Plonska Malgorzata , Pisarska Joanna , Pisarski Wojciech A. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe near‐infrared luminescence properties of Pr3+/Yb3+:PLZT ferroelectric ceramics have been examined for the first time. Independently, upon either 450 nm (Pr3+) or 980 nm (Yb3+) excitation, luminescence centered at 1340 nm was observed, which corresponds to the 1G4→3H5 transition of Pr3+. Several spectroscopic parameters for the 1G4→3H5 transition of Pr3+ ions were determined. The average product of emission cross section and radiative lifetime were relatively large for all x/65/35 PLZT samples (x=6‐10) studied, with values close to 105±2 (×10−26 cm2·s). These spectroscopic investigations indicate that Pr3+/Yb3+:PLZT ferroelectric ceramics are promising candidate for efficient sources emitting near‐infrared radiation at 1340 nm.