bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Gas‐phase chemical ionization of 4‐alkyl branched‐chain carboxylic acids and 3‐methylindole using H3O+, NO+, and O2+ ions
Authors: Castada Hardy Z. , Barringer Sheryl A. , Wick Macdonald 
Published: July 2017

Rationale4‐Methyloctanoic acid, 4‐ethyloctanoic acid, 4‐methylnonanoic acid, and 3‐methylindole are primary contributors to the distinctive aroma and flavor of lamb meat. The reactions of H3O+, NO+, and O2+ with these compounds, and identification of the product ions and their distribution, are fundamental to their characterization and rapid, real‐time trace analysis using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT‐MS).MethodsThe chemical ionization of pure standards of 4‐ethyloctanoic acid, 4‐methyloctanoic acid, 4‐ethylnonanoic acid, and 3‐methylindole was carried out using the H3O+, NO+, and O2+ reagent ions of a V200™ SIFT mass spectrometer. Kinetic data were calculated using the Langevin collision rate with parameterized trajectory equations. Identification of product ions, distribution, and interferences was performed by further evaluation of the pertinent ion‐molecule reaction mechanisms, careful spectral analyses, and molecular mass‐molecular structure pairing.ResultsThe collisional capture rate constants of the reaction of the precursor ions H3O+, NO+, and O2+, their extended hydrates and the analytes, which were assumed to occur at or near the collisional rate, were all of the order of 10−9 cm3 molecule s−1 – typical for bimolecular ion‐molecule reactions. Positive identification of the primary and secondary product ions, fragmented ionic species, and potential ion conflicts and interferences, from each reagent ion channel, was determined for each compound.ConclusionsWe have established the ion chemistry involved in the ionization of the 4‐alkyl branched‐chain fatty acids and 3‐methylindole using the precursor ions, H3O+, NO+, and O2+ in SIFT‐MS. The ion‐molecular chemistry and the associated kinetics serve as a fundamental basis for the accurate characterization of these compounds by SIFT‐MS.
A‐One Pot Four Component and Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Pyrrolo [1, 10]phenanthrolines
Authors: Dhinakaran Isaivani , Padmini Vediappen , Ganesan Kumaresan , Selvarasu Karthikeyan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMicrowave‐assisted synthesis of pyrrolo[1, 10]‐phenanthrolines in a one pot four component approach afforded a wide range of products within 3 minutes. All the compounds were screened for their biological activities such as anti‐microbial and anti‐cancer activities. Compounds 5 b, 5 c, 5 i, 5 m and 5 n have shown more potent activity when compared to standard doxorubicin against AGS cancer cell line and compounds 5 d and 5 l show more potent microbial activity against MRSA, B. Subtilis and C. Albicans when compared to standard Erythromycin, Oxacillin and Ketoconazole
Formal [2+1] Annulation (Spiro‐Cyclopropanation) Reaction between Sulfur Ylides Derived from Baylis‐Hillman Bromides and Arylidene Indane‐1,3‐Dione
Authors: Roy Suparna , Piradhi Venkatesh 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe sulfonium salts derived from the Baylis‐Hillman bromides have been successfully employed for the selective cycloproporanation of arylidene indane‐1,3‐diones to synthesize densely substituted spiro‐cyclopropanes in good to excellent yields (upto 94 %). Products were obtained mostly in 1:1 diastereomeric ratio and were isolated in pure form. Diastereoselectivity has been improved by using suitably substituted starting materials. In this case a formal [2+1] annulation reaction competes over a probable [3+2] cycloaddition reaction. The reaction proceeds through a Michael initiated ring closure process of S‐ylides to the activated olefins for the formation of structurally strained spiro‐cyclopropanes.
Mesoporous Organic–Inorganic Core–Shell Necklace Cages for Potentially Capturing Cd2+ Ions from Water Sources
Authors: Soliman Abdel‐Aty E. , Shenashen Mohamed A. , El‐Sewify Islam M. , Taha Gharib M. , El‐Taher Mahmoud. A. , Yamaguchi Hitoshi , Alamoudi Ahmad S. , Selim Mahmoud M. , El‐Safty Sherif A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractWe report the one‐pot synthesis of ball‐like nanosphere structures composed of an α‐Fe core and an organic shell of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid that connected together to form a nanochain necklace‐like morphology. The hierarchical zigzag nanochain sphere structures have branches growing in clumps, a large surface area, and spherical pore‐like cages and entrances for capture/trapping Cd2+ ions from water sources. The pH solution (i.e., at pH 5) plays a key role in the generation of actively negative surfaces along the entire nanochain sphere adsorbent, thereby creating surfaces with strong binding affinity to Cd2+ ions. The thermodynamic and kinetic characteristics indicated that the nanochain sphere adsorbent with macro‐ and meso‐cage caves and organically decorated surfaces show promise for the spontaneous and endothermic capturing of Cd2+ ion containments from water solutions. The zigzag nanochain mesoporous necklace‐like structure trapper (MNT) exhibited long‐term stability, indicating that it can be used several times (reduced waste volume). The adsorption efficiency and uptake of the deleterious Cd2+ ions retained even after multi‐particulate processing of reuse cycles. The pH‐dependent Cd2+ ion selectivity indicated high adsorption capacity (526.3 mg⋅g−1) and Cd2+ ion‐to‐MNT binding affinity, despite the addition of interfering cations or anions. The zigzag nanochain sphere necklace allows the development of a simple and effective adsorbent model for water purification and management of toxins.
Tyrosinase‐Conjugated Prussian Blue‐Modified Nickel Oxide Nanoparticles‐Based Interface for Selective Detection of Dopamine
Authors: Roychoudhury Appan , Prateek Arneish , Chauhan Neha , Kumar D. S. , Basu Suddhasatwa , Jha Sandeep K. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we have reported fabrication of a label free dopamine biosensor with improved sensitivity and selectivity using an interface based on Prussian blue (PB) modified nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs) and tyrosinase enzyme conjugates. A wet chemical sol‐gel method was used to synthesize NiO NPs followed by surface modification with PB and utilized as a matrix to immobilize tyrosinase. The structural and morphological studies of the prepared NPs were conducted using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR‐TEM), Raman and UV‐Vis spectroscopy and purity of the sample was confirmed through X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) studies. Subsequently, the PB modified NiO NPs were deposited onto a flexible screen printed carbon electrode (SPCE) substrate and tyrosinase enzyme molecules were immobilized onto PB‐NiO NPs functionalized SPCE by covalent immobilization for selective and sensitive detection of neurotransmitter dopamine. The enzyme immobilization was confirmed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FTIR studies and the fabricated electrode was used for electrochemical detection of dopamine using cyclic voltammetry and chrono‐amperometric methods. The results of the electrochemical response studies revealed high sensitivity of 60.459 μA/nanomoles in a broad detection range (0.0075‐1.5 nanomoles) with a detection limit of 3.117 picomoles, whereas sample volume was as low as 15 μL. The proposed sensor exhibited fast response time of 24 seconds; good selectivity in presence of interferents ascorbic and uric acid; descent shelf life of 50 days with excellent reusability (>30 times with 78 % residual response). The sensor was also successfully validated with spiked real serum samples.
N‐doping Hierarchical Porosity Carbon from Biowaste for High‐Rate Supercapacitive Application
Authors: Zhao Xuan , Li Chen , Zhang Xiong , Sun Xianzhong , Wang Kai , Huang Xiaobin , Ma Yanwei 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn this work, nitrogen‐doped carbon materials with hierarchical porosity were prepared from biowaste of soybean curd residue (SCR) by KOH activation. The morphology, structure and textural properties of the carbon materials are investigated by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, and N2 absorption‐desorption isotherms, respectively. The products exhibit high specific surface area of 3431 m2 g−1, high nitrogen doping level, outstanding charge storage capacity of 282 F g−1 at the current density of 0.5 A g−1 and good electrochemical stability over 10000 cycles. Moreover, it still retains 200 F g−1 (71 % of its capacitance at 0.5 A g−1) at 20 A g−1. The findings pave the way for improving charge storage capacity of supercapacitors based on activated carbon and provide a new method to transfer biowaste to effective electrode material.
LP‐211, a selective 5‐HT7 receptor agonist, increases novelty‐preference and promotes risk‐prone behavior in rats
Authors: Beaudet G. , Paizanis E. , Zoratto F. , Lacivita E. , Leopoldo M. , Freret T. , Laviola G. , Boulouard M. , Adriani W. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractGambling disorder is associated to an increased impulsivity, a high level of novelty‐seeking and a dysregulation of the forebrain neurotransmission systems. However, the neurobiological mechanisms of this addictive disorder are not fully understood and no valid pharmacological approach has yet been approved. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of 5‐HT7 receptor (5‐HT7R) stimulation with a brain penetrant and selective agonist, LP‐211 (0.25 and 0.50 mg kg−1 i.p.) during post‐experience consolidation, (i) acutely in a novelty‐preference test (Exp. 1) or (ii) sub‐chronically in the Probabilistic‐Delivery Task (rPDT, commonly used to measure individual differences in risk proneness of rats; Exp. 2). Results of Exp. 1 showed that 5‐HT7R activation improves consolidation of chamber‐shape memory in the novelty‐preference test, leading to significant novelty‐induced hyperactivity and recognition, in conditions where controls displayed a null‐preference. These results suggest that 5‐HT7Rs may be involved in the consolidation of information inherent to spatial environments, facilitating the recognition of novelty. Furthermore, in the operant rPDT (Exp. 2), 5‐HT7R activation shifts the choice towards a larger yet unlikely reward and turns the propensity of rats towards risk‐prone behavior. Thus, 5‐HT7Rs stimulation apparently strengthens the consideration of future, bigger rewards, also enhancing the seeking of it by operant pokes. These effects may well be explained by LP‐211 actions on hippocampal versus prefrontal cortex‐mediated regulations, leading to improved (though suboptimal) strategy formation. However, further experiments are necessary to determine more in depth the serotonergic pathways involved.
Collapse safety margin and seismic loss assessment of RC frames with equal material cost
Authors: He Zheng , Wang Zheng , Zhang Yantai 
Published: July 2017

SummaryWith the premise of equal material cost, a collapse safety margin‐based collapse resistance optimization strategy for passively controlled reinforced concrete (RC) frames is proposed based on seismic fragility analysis, collapse safety margin analysis, and seismic hazard loss assessment. The efficiency of introducing buckling restrained braces or lead–rubber bearings on the performance of RC frames is studied by so‐called collapse margin ratio (CMR) suggested by FEMA P695 and the modified rigidity‐to‐gravity ratio (RGR). The proposed strategy is developed from the case study on 4 low‐rise and medium‐rise RC frames and then verified on a high‐rise RC frame. The study indicates that lead–rubber bearings can cause a significant improvement at all damage levels. The contribution of buckling restrained braces to structural stiffness and collapse resistance can be maximized when they are located in potential weak stories determined through inelastic time history analysis. CMR exhibits a better linear relation with the minimum modified RGR. Increasing the equivalent story lateral stiffness and the minimum modified RGR simultaneously can give rise to a significant improvement in seismic capacity, especially CMR. Base isolation is proved to be desirable not only for improving the collapse safety margin of RC frames significantly but also for reducing seismic hazard loss.
Mouse Nudt13 is a Mitochondrial Nudix Hydrolase with NAD(P)H Pyrophosphohydrolase Activity
Authors: Abdelraheim Salama R. , Spiller David G. , McLennan Alexander G. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The mammalian NUDT13 protein possesses a sequence motif characteristic of the NADH pyrophosphohydrolase subfamily of Nudix hydrolases. Due to the persistent insolubility of the recombinant product expressed in Escherichia coli, active mouse Nudt13 was expressed in insect cells from a baculovirus vector as a histidine-tagged recombinant protein. In vitro, it efficiently hydrolysed NADH to NMNH and AMP and NADPH to NMNH and 2′,5′-ADP and had a marked preference for the reduced pyridine nucleotides. Much lower activity was obtained with other nucleotide substrates tested. K
m and k
cat values for NADH were 0.34 mM and 7 s−1 respectively. Expression of Nudt13 as an N-terminal fusion to green fluorescent protein revealed that it was targeted exclusively to mitochondria by the N-terminal targeting peptide, suggesting that Nudt13 may act to regulate the concentration of mitochondrial reduced pyridine nucleotide cofactors and the NAD(P)+/NAD(P)H ratio in this organelle and elsewhere. Future studies of the enzymology of pyridine nucleotide metabolism in relation to energy homeostasis, redox control, free radical production and cellular integrity should consider the possible regulatory role of Nudt13.
A comprehensive approach to reablement in dementia
Authors: Poulos Christopher J. , Bayer Antony , Beaupre Lauren , Clare Linda , Poulos Roslyn G. , Wang Rosalie H. , Zuidema Sytse , McGilton Katherine S. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAs society grapples with an aging population and increasing prevalence of disability, “reablement” as a means of maximizing functional ability in older people is emerging as a potential strategy to help promote independence. Reablement offers an approach to mitigate the impact of dementia on function and independence. This article presents a comprehensive reablement approach across seven domains for the person living with mild‐to‐moderate dementia. Domains include assessment and medical management, cognitive disability, physical function, acute injury or illness, assistive technology, supportive care, and caregiver support. In the absence of a cure or ability to significantly modify the course of the disease, the message for policy makers, practitioners, families, and persons with dementia needs to be “living well with dementia”, with a focus on maintaining function for as long as possible, regaining lost function when there is the potential to do so, and adapting to lost function that cannot be regained. Service delivery and care of persons with dementia must be reoriented such that evidence‐based reablement approaches are integrated into routine care across all sectors.
Evidence for a number sense
Authors: Burr David C. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractNumerosity is inherently confounded by related stimulus attributes such as density and area, and many studies have reported interactions of various strengths between area, density, and numerosity. However, direct measurements of sensitivity within the area-density-numerosity space show that numerosity emerges as the most spontaneous and sensitive dimension, strongly supporting the existence of a dedicated number sense.
Perceiving numerosity from birth
Authors: de Hevia Maria Dolores , Castaldi Elisa , Streri Arlette , Eger Evelyn , Izard Véronique 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLeibovich et al. opened up an important discussion on the nature and origins of numerosity perception. The authors rightly point out that non-numerical features of stimuli influence this ability. Despite these biases, there is evidence that from birth, humans perceive and represent numerosities, and not just non-numerical quantitative features such as item size, density, and convex hull.
Direct and rapid encoding of numerosity in the visual stream
Authors: Park Joonkoo , DeWind Nick K. , Brannon Elizabeth M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe target article dismisses all prior work purporting to demonstrate that number is a conceptual primitive. Here, we take issue with their misrepresentation of our recent line of work on numerosity perception, which demonstrates rapid and direct encoding of numerosity and undermines the thesis of the target article that “continuous magnitudes are more automatic and basic than numerosities” (sect. 1, para. 2).
Up and downs of a magnetic oblique rotator viewed at high resolution
Authors: Nazé Y. , Zhekov S. A. , ud-Doula A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn 2006, the Of?p star HD191612 became the second O-star where a magnetic field was discovered. It provided a benchmark to understand the Of?p phenomenon as a whole. Ten years later, an X-ray monitoring performed at high-resolution reveals the behaviour of the hottest magnetospheric plasma: it is located at ~ 2R⊙, hot but not extreme (log(T) ~ 7), producing unshifted lines, and displaying a very repetitive variability. A direct comparison with simulations yields an overall good agreement, with only a few further improvements needed.
New radio observations of the Type IIn Supernova 1978K
Authors: Ryder Stuart D. , Kool Erik C. , Kotak Rubina 
Published: July 2017

AbstractSN 1978K is the oldest-known Type IIn supernova, and one of the closest. We report new radio observations at high frequency and spatial resolution. SN 1978K has been detected at 34 and 94 GHz with the Australia Telescope Compact Array, while Very Long Baseline Interferometry at 8.4 GHz has allowed us to derive the past average expansion velocity, which indicates significant deceleration as the blast wave interacts with the dense circumstellar medium.
CHIPS: The Carina High-contrast Imaging Project of massive Stars
Authors: Rainot Alan , Sana Hugues , Gomez-Gonzalez Carlos A. , Absil Olivier , DeLorme Philippe , Almeida Leonardo , Caballero-Nieves Saida , Kratter Kaitlin , Lacour Sylvestre , Le Bouquin Jean-Baptiste , Pueyo Laurent , Zinnecker Hans 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe formation of massive stars remains one of the most intriguing questions in astrophysics today. The main limitations result from the difficulty to obtain direct observational constraints on the formation process itself. In this context, the Carina High-contrast Imaging Project of massive Stars (CHIPS) aims to observe all 80+ O stars in the Carina nebula using the new VLT 2nd-generation extreme-AO instrument SPHERE. This instrument offers unprecedented imaging contrast allowing us to detect the faintest companions around massive stars. These novel observational constraints will help to discriminate between the different formation scenarios by comparing their predictions for companion statistics and properties.
Shear-driven transport and mixing in the interiors of massive stars
Authors: Prat Vincent , Mathis Stéphane 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTurbulent transport and mixing generated by hydrodynamic instabilities triggered by rotation gradients are key mechanisms in the evolution of massive stars. We present here a summary of the progresses on shear-induced mixing obtained with numerical simulations, along with a new prescription for horizontal turbulence.
The Core-Collapse Supernova Explosion Mechanism
Authors: Müller Bernhard 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is a long-standing problem in stellar astrophysics. We briefly outline the main contenders for a solution and review recent efforts to model core-collapse supernova explosions by means of multi-dimensional simulations. Focusing on the neutrino-driven mechanism, we summarize currents efforts to predict supernova explosion and remnant properties.
The Evolutionary Status of WN3/O3 Wolf-Rayet Stars
Authors: Neugent Kathryn F. , Massey Phil , Hillier D. John , Morrell Nidia I. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAs part of a multi-year survey for Wolf-Rayet stars in the Magellanic Clouds, we have discovered a new type of Wolf-Rayet star with both strong emission and absorption. While one might initially classify these stars as WN3+O3V binaries based on their spectra, such a pairing is unlikely given their faint visual magnitudes. Spectral modeling suggests effective temperatures and bolometric luminosities similar to those of other early-type LMC WNs but with mass-loss rates that are three to five times lower than expected. They additionally retain a significant amount of hydrogen, with nitrogen at its CNO-equilibrium value (10× enhanced). Their evolutionary status remains an open question. Here we discuss why these stars did not evolve through quasi-homogeneous evolution. Instead we suggest that based on a link with long-duration gamma ray bursts, they may form in lower metallicity environments. A new survey in M33, which has a large metallicity gradient, is underway.
Investigating the Magnetospheres of Rapidly Rotating B-type Stars
Authors: Fletcher C. L. , Petit V. , Nazé Y. , Wade G. A. , Townsend R. H. , Owocki S. P. , Cohen D. H. , David-Uraz A. , Shultz M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractRecent spectropolarimetric surveys of bright, hot stars have found that ~10% of OB-type stars contain strong (mostly dipolar) surface magnetic fields (~kG). The prominent paradigm describing the interaction between the stellar winds and the surface magnetic field is the magnetically confined wind shock (MCWS) model. In this model, the stellar wind plasma is forced to move along the closed field loops of the magnetic field, colliding at the magnetic equator, and creating a shock. As the shocked material cools radiatively it will emit X-rays. Therefore, X-ray spectroscopy is a key tool in detecting and characterizing the hot wind material confined by the magnetic fields of these stars. Some B-type stars are found to have very short rotational periods. The effects of the rapid rotation on the X-ray production within the magnetosphere have yet to be explored in detail. The added centrifugal force due to rapid rotation is predicted to cause faster wind outflows along the field lines, leading to higher shock temperatures and harder X-rays. However, this is not observed in all rapidly rotating magnetic B-type stars. In order to address this from a theoretical point of view, we use the X-ray Analytical Dynamical Magnetosphere (XADM) model, originally developed for slow rotators, with an implementation of new rapid rotational physics. Using X-ray spectroscopy from ESA’s XMM-Newton space telescope, we observed 5 rapidly rotating B-types stars to add to the previous list of observations. Comparing the observed X-ray luminosity and hardness ratio to that predicted by the XADM allows us to determine the role the added centrifugal force plays in the magnetospheric X-ray emission of these stars.
Asymmetric Core-collapse of a Rapidly-rotating Massive Star
Authors: Gilkis Avishai 
Published: July 2017

AbstractI find high turbulent shearing in a neutron-rich accretion disk surrounding a proto-neutron star formed at the collapse of a rapidly-rotating MZAMS = 54M⊙ star. These might be features of superluminous supernovae powered by jets and/or magnetar spin-down.