bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Equality or Equity? : Education for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Futures
Authors: Barlow Alex 
Published: August 2016

The Hon. John Dawkins (then) Minister for Employment, Education and Training, launched the Aboriginal Education Policy at a grand event in the Committee Room at Parliament House on 26th October 1989. The Prime Minister blessed the occasion with his presence and a short speech. Three of the former Chairs of the the National Aboriginal Education Committee were there, as were Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander educationists from most Australian states. Only New South Wales, which decided to boycott the launch, wasn’t officially represented.There are two reasons for calling the policy that the Minister launched the Aboriginal Education Policy. Firstly, because it is the first policy formally endorsed by any National government; and secondly, because it responds to the call made in the 1988 Report of the Aboriginal Education Policy Task Force, for a concerted national effort –
to achieve broad equity between Aboriginal people and other Australians in access, participation and outcomes at all stages of education. (National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Education Policy, 1989: 1.2.6 – Draft).
A Learning Excursion
Authors: Scott Lynette 
Published: August 2016

On June 5th, Infant B, consisting of sixteen children, went on an excursion to Rocky Point.Prior to departure we prepared a picnic lunch which involved counting how many sandwiches we would need, how many cups we had to take if each child was to have his/her own cup, and how much cordial we would have to prepare. We also counted out enough biscuits to give each child two and enough apples to give each child one.
Bilingual Education in South Australian Aboriginal Schools
Authors: Coker J.G. 
Published: August 2016

Australia is a member nation of the International Labour Organisation. Article 23 of the I.L.O. Convention concerning the Protection Integration of Indigenous and Other Tribal and Semi-Tribal Populations in Independent Countries reads:
Children belonging to populations concerned shall be taught to read and write in their mother tongue, or, where this is not practicable, in the language most commonly used by the group to which they belong.Provision shall be made for a progressive transition from the mother tongue or the vernacular language to the mother language or to one of the official languages of the country.Appropriate measures shall, as far as possible, be taken to preserve the mother tongue or the vernacular language.
Not to Lose You, My Language
Authors: Lynch K. 
Published: August 2016

This film describes bilingual education in three places in the Northern Territory: Milingimbi, Yayayi and Yuendumu.It shows Aboriginal teachers in action, teaching reading, number and traditional dance and weaving, as well as English speakers teaching English.At Milingimbi the bilingual program is advanced, and there is an enthusiastic team including United Church linguist, Miss Beulah Lowe. One of the highlights of the film shows Miss Lowe taping a story told to her by an old man, transcribing it, and bringing it to him as a published book.
Intracellular Elemental Patterns of Apoptosis Resistance in Transdifferentiated Androgen-Dependent Prostatic Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Salido Mercedes , Vilches Jose 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe acquisition of neuroendocrine (NE) characteristics by prostate cancer (PC) cells relates to tumor progression and hormone resistance. PC cells may survive and function in androgen-deprived environments, where they could establish paracrine signaling networks, providing stimuli for the propagation of local carcinoma cells. We previously demonstrated, using electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPXMA), in LNCaP, PC-3, and Du 145 cell lines that apoptosis is associated with intracellular elemental changes, and that the NE secretory products, bombesin and calcitonin, inhibit etoposide-induced apoptosis, as well as some of these elemental changes. In this study, LNCaP cells were inducedin vitroto transdifferentiate under androgen deprivation, to mimic the role of NE cells in the apoptotic activity of transdifferentiated androgen-dependent PC cells. Changes in intracellular ion content associated with apoptosis, assessed by EPXMA, demonstrate that the transdifferentiated LNCaP cells are resistant to etoposide-induced apoptosis and also to the etoposide-induced elemental changes. The aggressive malignant potential of PC with neuroendocrine differentiation, associated with hormonal independence, is partly because of the ability that most NE tumor cells have to escape apoptosis, which can enhance the malignant properties of tumor cells and may have therapeutic implications as tumor cells are usually resistant to cytotoxic drugs as etoposide.
Are Three Items Sufficient to Measure Sense of	Coherence?
Authors: Chiesi Francesca , Bonacchi Andrea , Primi Caterina , Toccafondi Alessandro , Miccinesi Guido 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. The present study aimed at evaluating if the three-item sense of coherence (SOC) scale developed by Lundberg and Nystrom Peck (1995) can be effectively used for research purpose in both nonclinical and clinical samples. To provide evidence that it represents adequately the measured construct we tested its validity in a nonclinical (N = 658) and clinical sample (N = 764 patients with cancer). Results obtained in the nonclinical sample attested a positive relation of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – with Antonovsky’s 13-item and 29-item SOC scales (convergent validity), and with dispositional optimism, sense of mastery, anxiety, and depression symptoms (concurrent validity). Results obtained in the clinical sample confirmed the criterion validity of the scale attesting the positive role of SOC – as measured by the three-item SOC scale – on the person’s capacity to respond to illness and treatment. The current study provides evidence that the three-item SOC scale is a valid, low-loading, and time-saving instrument for research purposes on large sample.
The Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS) Scale
Authors: Bonino Silvia , Graziano Federica , Borghi Martina , Marengo Davide , Molinengo Giorgia , Calandri Emanuela 
Published: August 2016

Abstract. This research developed a new scale to evaluate Self-Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis (SEMS). The aim of this study was to investigate dimensionality, item functioning, measurement invariance, and concurrent validity of the SEMS scale. Data were collected from 203 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients (mean age, 39.5 years; 66% women; 95% having a relapsing remitting form of MS). Fifteen items of the SEMS scale were submitted to patients along with measures of psychological well-being, sense of coherence, depression, and coping strategies. Data underwent Rasch analysis and correlation analysis. Rasch analysis indicates the SEMS as a multidimensional construct characterized by two correlated dimensions: goal setting and symptom management, with satisfactory reliability coefficients. Overall, the 15 items reported acceptable fit statistics; the scale demonstrated measurement invariance (with respect to gender and disease duration) and good concurrent validity (positive correlations with psychological well-being, sense of coherence, and coping strategies and negative correlations with depression). Preliminary evidence suggests that SEMS is a psychometrically sound measure to evaluate perceived self-efficacy of MS patients with moderate disability, and it would be a valuable instrument for both research and clinical applications.
Transcriptome landscape of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 for nitrogen starvation responses using RNA-seq
Authors: Choi Sun Young , Park Byeonghyeok , Choi In-Geol , Sim Sang Jun , Lee Sun-Mi , Um Youngsoon , Woo Han Min 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe development of high-throughput technology using RNA-seq has allowed understanding of cellular mechanisms and regulations of bacterial transcription. In addition, transcriptome analysis with RNA-seq has been used to accelerate strain improvement through systems metabolic engineering. Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942, a photosynthetic bacterium, has remarkable potential for biochemical and biofuel production due to photoautotrophic cell growth and direct CO2 conversion. Here, we performed a transcriptome analysis of S. elongatus PCC 7942 using RNA-seq to understand the changes of cellular metabolism and regulation for nitrogen starvation responses. As a result, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functionally categorized. With mapping onto metabolic pathways, we probed transcriptional perturbation and regulation of carbon and nitrogen metabolisms relating to nitrogen starvation responses. Experimental evidence such as chlorophyll a and phycobilisome content and the measurement of CO2 uptake rate validated the transcriptome analysis. The analysis suggests that S. elongatus PCC 7942 reacts to nitrogen starvation by not only rearranging the cellular transport capacity involved in carbon and nitrogen assimilation pathways but also by reducing protein synthesis and photosynthesis activities.
One step engineering of the small-subunit ribosomal RNA using CRISPR/Cas9
Authors: Kannan Krishna , Tsvetanova Billyana , Chuang Ray-Yuan , Noskov Vladimir N. , Assad-Garcia Nacyra , Ma Li , Hutchison III Clyde A. , Smith Hamilton O. , Glass John I. , Merryman Chuck , Venter J. Craig , Gibson Daniel G. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBacteria are indispensable for the study of fundamental molecular biology processes due to their relatively simple gene and genome architecture. The ability to engineer bacterial chromosomes is quintessential for understanding gene functions. Here we demonstrate the engineering of the small-ribosomal subunit (16S) RNA of Mycoplasma mycoides, by combining the CRISPR/Cas9 system and the yeast recombination machinery. We cloned the entire genome of M. mycoides in yeast and used constitutively expressed Cas9 together with in vitro transcribed guide-RNAs to introduce engineered 16S rRNA genes. By testing the function of the engineered 16S rRNA genes through genome transplantation, we observed surprising resilience of this gene to addition of genetic elements or helix substitutions with phylogenetically-distant bacteria. While this system could be further used to study the function of the 16S rRNA, one could envision the “simple” M. mycoides genome being used in this setting to study other genetic structures and functions to answer fundamental questions of life.
Magnetic domain wall gratings for magnetization reversal tuning and confined dynamic mode localization
Authors: Trützschler Julia , Sentosun Kadir , Mozooni Babak , Mattheis Roland , McCord Jeffrey 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh density magnetic domain wall gratings are imprinted in ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic thin films by local ion irradiation by which alternating head-to-tail-to-head-to-tail and head-to-head-to-tail-to-tail spatially overlapping domain wall networks are formed. Unique magnetic domain processes result from the interaction of anchored domain walls. Non-linear magnetization response is introduced by the laterally distributed magnetic anisotropy phases. The locally varying magnetic charge distribution gives rise to localized and guided magnetization spin-wave modes directly constrained by the narrow domain wall cores. The exchange coupled multiphase material structure leads to unprecedented static and locally modified dynamic magnetic material properties.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of nasal potential difference in hypoxia-induced lung injury
Authors: Su Zhenlei , Zhu Lili , Wu Jing , Zhao Runzhen , Ji Hong-Long 
Published: August 2016

AbstractNasal potential difference (NPD), a well-established in vivo clinical test for cystic fibrosis, reflects transepithelial cation and anion transport in the respiratory epithelium. To analyze whether NPD can be applied to diagnose hypoxic lung injury, we searched PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, and Google Scholar, and analyzed data retrieved from eleven unbiased studies for high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) using the software RevMan and R. There was a significant reduction in overall basal (WMD −5.27 mV, 95% CI: −6.03 to −4.52, P < 0.00001, I2 = 42%), amiloride-sensitive (ENaC) (−2.87 mV, 95% CI: −4.02 to −1.72, P < 0.00001, I2 = 51%), and -resistant fractions (−3.91 mV, 95% CI: −7.64 to −0.18, P = 0.04, I2 = 95%) in lung injury patients. Further analysis of HAPE and RDS separately corroborated these observations. Moreover, SpO2 correlated with ENaC-associated NPD positively in patients only, but apparently related to CFTR-contributed NPD level inversely. These correlations were confirmed by the opposite associations between NPD values and altitude, which had a negative regression with SpO2 level. Basal NPD was significantly associated with amiloride-resistant but not ENaC fraction. Our analyses demonstrate that acute lung injury associated with systemic hypoxia is characterized by dysfunctional NPD.
Expression of a Grapevine NAC Transcription Factor Gene Is Induced in Response to Powdery Mildew Colonization in Salicylic Acid-Independent Manner
Authors: Toth Zsofia , Winterhagen Patrick , Kalapos Balazs , Su Yingcai , Kovacs Laszlo , Kiss Erzsebet 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTissue colonization by grape powdery mildew (PM) pathogen Erysiphe necator (Schw.) Burr triggers a major remodeling of the transcriptome in the susceptible grapevine Vitis vinifera L. While changes in the expression of many genes bear the signature of salicylic acid (SA) mediated regulation, the breadth of PM-induced changes suggests the involvement of additional regulatory networks. To explore PM-associated gene regulation mediated by other SA-independent systems, we designed a microarray experiment to distinguish between transcriptome changes induced by E. necator colonization and those triggered by elevated SA levels. We found that the majority of genes responded to both SA and PM, but certain genes were responsive to PM infection alone. Among them, we identified genes of stilbene synthases, PR-10 proteins and several transcription factors. The microarray results demonstrated that the regulation of these genes is either independent of SA, or dependent, but SA alone is insufficient to bring about their regulation. We inserted the promoter-reporter fusion of a PM-responsive transcription factor gene into a wild-type and two SA-signaling deficient Arabidopsis lines and challenged the resulting transgenic plants with an Arabidopsis-adapted PM pathogen. Our results provide experimental evidence that this grape gene promoter is activated by the pathogen in a SA-independent manner.
Generalized recovery algorithm for 3D super-resolution microscopy using rotating point spread functions
Authors: Shuang Bo , Wang Wenxiao , Shen Hao , Tauzin Lawrence J. , Flatebo Charlotte , Chen Jianbo , Moringo Nicholas A. , Bishop Logan D. C. , Kelly Kevin F. , Landes Christy F. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractSuper-resolution microscopy with phase masks is a promising technique for 3D imaging and tracking. Due to the complexity of the resultant point spread functions, generalized recovery algorithms are still missing. We introduce a 3D super-resolution recovery algorithm that works for a variety of phase masks generating 3D point spread functions. A fast deconvolution process generates initial guesses, which are further refined by least squares fitting. Overfitting is suppressed using a machine learning determined threshold. Preliminary results on experimental data show that our algorithm can be used to super-localize 3D adsorption events within a porous polymer film and is useful for evaluating potential phase masks. Finally, we demonstrate that parallel computation on graphics processing units can reduce the processing time required for 3D recovery. Simulations reveal that, through desktop parallelization, the ultimate limit of real-time processing is possible. Our program is the first open source recovery program for generalized 3D recovery using rotating point spread functions.
Effects of Newtonian gravitational self-interaction in harmonically trapped quantum systems
Authors: Großardt André , Bateman James , Ulbricht Hendrik , Bassi Angelo 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe Schrödinger–Newton equation has gained attention in the recent past as a nonlinear modification of the Schrödinger equation due to a gravitational self-interaction. Such a modification is expected from a fundamentally semi-classical theory of gravity and can, therefore, be considered a test case for the necessity of the quantisation of the gravitational field. Here we provide a thorough study of the effects of the Schrödinger–Newton equation for a micron-sized sphere trapped in a harmonic oscillator potential. We discuss both the effect on the energy eigenstates and the dynamical behaviour of squeezed states, covering the experimentally relevant parameter regimes.
CIB1 and CIB2 are HIV-1 helper factors involved in viral entry
Authors: Godinho-Santos Ana , Hance Allan J. , Gonçalves João , Mammano Fabrizio 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHIV-1 relies on the host-cell machinery to accomplish its replication cycle, and characterization of these helper factors contributes to a better understanding of HIV-host interactions and can identify potential novel antiviral targets. Here we explored the contribution of CIB2, previously identified by RNAi screening as a potential helper factor, and its homolog, CIB1. Knockdown of either CIB1 or CIB2 strongly impaired viral replication in Jurkat cells and in primary CD4+ T-lymphocytes, identifying these proteins as non-redundant helper factors. Knockdown of CIB1 and CIB2 impaired envelope-mediated viral entry for both for X4- and R5-tropic HIV-1, and both cell-free and cell-associated entry pathways were affected. In contrast, the level of CIB1 and CIB2 expression did not influence cell viability, cell proliferation, receptor-independent viral binding to the cell surface, or later steps in the viral replication cycle. CIB1 and CIB2 knockdown was found to reduce the expression of surface molecules implicated in HIV-1 infection, including CXCR4, CCR5 and integrin α4β7, suggesting at least one mechanism through which these proteins promote viral infection. Thus, this study identifies CIB1 and CIB2 as host helper factors for HIV-1 replication that are required for optimal receptor-mediated viral entry.
Aroma characterization based on aromatic series analysis in table grapes
Authors: Wu Yusen , Duan Shuyan , Zhao Liping , Gao Zhen , Luo Meng , Song Shiren , Xu Wenping , Zhang Caixi , Ma Chao , Wang Shiping 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAroma is an important part of quality in table grape, but the key aroma compounds and the aroma series of table grapes remains unknown. In this paper, we identified 67 aroma compounds in 20 table grape cultivars; 20 in pulp and 23 in skin were active compounds. C6 compounds were the basic background volatiles, but the aroma contents of pulp juice and skin depended mainly on the levels of esters and terpenes, respectively. Most obviously, ‘Kyoho’ grapevine series showed high contents of esters in pulp, while Muscat/floral cultivars showed abundant monoterpenes in skin. For the aroma series, table grapes were characterized mainly by herbaceous, floral, balsamic, sweet and fruity series. The simple and visualizable aroma profiles were established using aroma fingerprints based on the aromatic series. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the aroma profiles of pulp juice, skin and whole berries could be classified into 5, 3, and 5 groups, respectively. Combined with sensory evaluation, we could conclude that fatty and balsamic series were the preferred aromatic series, and the contents of their contributors (β-ionone and octanal) may be useful as indicators for the improvement of breeding and cultivation measures for table grapes.
Synthesis of superhydrophobic surfaces by polytetrafluoroethylene coating on rectangular grid microstructures
Authors: Sun Chao , Eom Inyong , Kim Bonghwan 
Published: August 2016

A simple process to synthesize superhydrophobic surfaces by deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) coating of rectangular grid structures on Si substrate was developed. The Si substrate possesses unique quadrilateral network‐type Si microstructures, which when sputtered upon with PTFE, creates a superhydrophobic surface. The fluorinated polymer also exhibited hydrophobic properties where the contact angle of the Si substrate after the PTFE coating was 108.4°. The DRIE etching and PTFE coating together increased the contact angle up to 158.6° for a 40 μm height and 10 × 10 m2 area, thus synergistically increasing the hydrophobicity of the surface.
Serum Amyloid P Component and Systemic Fungal Infection: Does It Protect the Host or Is It a Trojan Horse?
Authors: Klotz Stephen A. , Sobonya Richard E. , Lipke Peter N. , Garcia-Sherman Melissa C. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
It is a striking observation that tissue of patients invaded by the deep mycoses often lacks evidence of an inflammatory response. This lack of host response is often attributed to neutropenia secondary to chemotherapy. However, systematic studies do not support this simplistic explanation. However, invasive fungal lesions are characterized by abundant fungal functional amyloid, which in turn is bound by serum amyloid P component (SAP). We postulate that SAP is important in the local immune response in invasive fungal infections. The interaction between fungal functional amyloid, SAP, and the immune response in deep mycoses is discussed.
Strategy-performance linkage: methodological refinements and empirical analysis
Authors: Anwar Jamil , Hasnu SAF 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Strategic typologies are applied to investigate strategy–performance relationship. The typology of Miles and Snow (1978) is one of them, but the methodology applied for identification of strategic types for archival financial data is questionable on three grounds: no standard procedure for categorization of strategic types; identification of reactor strategy is always ignored; and the behavior of firms’ strategic orientation over time is under-researched. Besides, the assumptions that viable strategies are expected to perform equally well, outperform reactors and distributed evenly are not overwhelmingly supported. The purpose of this paper is to address these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
A refined scoring methodology is developed and used for identification of all strategic types, including reactors, by investigating the consistency of the firms over time. Empirical analysis using seven years of data of 121 joint stock firms of the textile sector in Pakistan is performed to test the assumptions regarding presence, distribution and performance of strategic types.

Findings
There is significant difference in the distribution of the strategic types. Pure defenders and pure prospectors are non-existing, whereas a reasonable number of reactors are present. Overall difference in performance among strategies is generally insignificant and viable strategies outperformed reactors. The effect of size on performance is also insignificant. However, there is variation in performance of strategies with variation in size. Strategy is the better predictor of performance than size.

Originality/value
The transition of strategic stance of the firms over time and the identification of reactor strategy from archived financial data are the important outcomes of the proposed methodology. The proposed methodology can be used for any longitudinal study for identification of all possible strategic types and can also be used for any other typological research.