bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self‐reported non‐adherence to immunosuppressive medication in adult lung transplant recipients—A single‐center cross‐sectional study
Authors: Drick Nora , Seeliger Benjamin , Fuge Jan , Tudorache Igor , Greer Mark , Welte Tobias , Haverich Axel , Gottlieb Jens 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundNon‐adherence to immunosuppressive treatment following solid organ transplantation is common and often associated with poorer outcomes. Non‐adherence is difficult to assess, and barriers to adherence in lung transplant (LTx) recipients remain to be elucidated.MethodsA single‐center cross‐sectional observational study of all LTx recipients attending our department between 07/2013 and 05/2014 was performed. Non‐adherence was assessed using patient self‐reporting, including Basel Assessment of Adherence with Immunosuppressive Medication Scale (BAASIS) along with healthcare worker (HCW) judgment and reasons for non‐adherence by the Immunosuppressive Therapy Barriers Scale.ResultsA total of 138/504 patients (27.4%) self‐reported non‐adherence to immunosuppressive medication. HCW scored 96/504 patients (19.1%) as poorly adherent. Self‐reported non‐adherence increased with increasing interval after transplantation. The main reason for non‐adherence was punctuality (75%), with only 11% reporting drug holidays. Explanations for non‐adherence were primarily related to self‐organization and difficulties incorporating medication into daily routine. There were no significant differences in medication knowledge or variation in trough levels.ConclusionsThis study confirms that non‐adherence in LTx recipients is frequent according to self‐report. Barriers are self‐organization and difficulties incorporating medication into daily routine. Social and behavioral support is needed to overcome non‐adherence. (ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT01889017).
Role of omalizumab in insulin hypersensitivity: a case report and review of the literature
Authors: Mishra S. , Connors L. , Tugwell B. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundInsulin allergy is a rare yet severe side effect of exogenous insulin use. Management typically involves use of alternative antihyperglycaemic agents, symptom control with antihistamines, use of different insulin formulations, and induction of tolerance with incremental doses of insulin. This treatment regimen is not always successful, and the use of omalizumab, an anti‐IgE monoclonal antibody, has been used to induce tolerance to insulin.Case reportG.M. is a 62‐year‐old man with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. His condition was not optimized on oral agents, and insulin therapy was required. G.M. had anaphylaxis to insulin NPH, and subsequent skin‐prick testing was positive to insulin aspart, insulin NPH, insulin glulisine, insulin detemir, regular insulin, insulin glargine 100 units/ml and insulin glargine 300 units/ml. He received incremental doses of several insulin formulations; however, he experienced diffuse urticaria preventing optimal glycaemic control. Three successful cases have been described in the literature of omalizumab inducing tolerance to exogenous insulin; therefore, G.M. was started on omalizumab. He subsequently tolerated treatment doses of insulin glulisine and insulin detemir with no allergic reactions and with improvement in glycaemic control.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first described case of allergy to insulin glargine 300 units/ml and reiterates the potential use of omalizumab in insulin allergy. Further research is warranted to determine if omalizumab should be considered standard of care in difficult‐to‐treat insulin hypersensitivity.
Microclimate response of soil to plateau pika's disturbance in the northeast Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Ma Y. J. , Wu Y. N. , Liu W. L. , Li X. Y. , Lin H. S. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryThe plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is one of the main native soil faunas on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau and plays a key role in the terrestrial ecosystem there. To understand how and why the soil microclimate changes after the plateau pika's disturbance, this study measured soil, vegetation, hydrologic and thermal properties and investigated soil moisture and soil temperature dynamics from 2014 to 2015 at the plot scale of four types of land surface: original grassland, new mound, old mound and bald patch. Our results showed that the average coefficients of surface runoff of original grassland, new mound, old mound and bald patch were 0.6, 3.0, 4.3 and 10.0%, respectively (P < 0.05). Evapotranspiration was largest for original grassland, especially under wet conditions, and was similar among the other three types of land surface during the growing season (P < 0.01). During varying precipitation events, the soil moisture content of new mound increased first, followed by old mound, original grassland and bald patch. Meanwhile, the increasing magnitude of soil moisture content had the same order. At the seasonal timescale, soil moisture content at 5‐cm depth was largest for old mound and smallest for bald patch (P < 0.01). The mean daily soil temperature at 5‐cm depth of new mound was approximately 0.8°C higher than that of old mound (P < 0.01) because of the smaller land surface reflectance of the former. The daily range of soil temperature at 5‐cm depth of original grassland and bald patch was about 2.7 and 4.7°C higher than the average value of new and old mounds, respectively, because of the larger soil thermal conductivity of the former two. A conceptual framework is suggested in this study to synthesize the evolution of soil microclimate under disturbance by the plateau pika. Overall, results indicated that new and old mounds accelerate soil hydrologic processes and have a better soil temperature buffer.Highlights

Change in soil microclimate of different types of land surface under disturbance by the plateau pika.
New and old mounds accelerate soil hydrologic processes and have a better soil temperature buffer.
New and old mounds provide advantageous environments for plateau pika.
Bald patch had the smallest soil moisture content and largest daily range of soil temperature.
Contrasted optimal environmental windows for both sardinella species in Senegalese waters
Authors: Diankha Ousmane , Ba Aliou , Brehmer Patrice , Brochier Timothée , Sow Bamol Ali , Thiaw Modou , Gaye Amadou Thierno , Ngom Fambaye , Demarcq Hervé 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe investigate Sardinella aurita and Sardinella maderensis recruitment success relative to the variability of oceanographic conditions in Senegalese waters using generalized additive models (GAM). Results show that recruitment of both species is marked by a strong intra‐annual (seasonal) variation with minimum and maximum in winter and summer, respectively. Their interannual variations are synchronous until 2006 (recruitment decreasing), while from 2007 there is no synchrony. The model developed shows that sardinella recruitment variability is closely related to the tested environmental variables in the study area. However, the key environmental variables influencing the recruitment success are different for both species: the Coastal Upwelling Index and the sea surface temperature for S. aurita and S. maderensis, respectively. We report that recruitment success of S. aurita and S. maderensis are associated with distinct ranges of sea surface temperature, upwelling intensity, wind‐induced turbulence, concentration of chlorophyll‐a and north Atlantic oscillation index. Considering food security and socio‐economic importance of both stocks, we recommend that consideration is given to the environmental variability in the small pelagic fish national management plans, particularly in the context of climate change.
Spectrum and origin of mutations in sporadic cases of haemophilia A in China
Authors: Lu Y. , Xin Y. , Dai J. , Wu X. , You G. , Ding Q. , Wu W. , Wang X. 
Published: January 2018

IntroductionAbout 30% of haemophilia A (HA) patients are sporadic cases. It is important to confirm the mutation origin and carrier status in these families.AimTo describe the spectrum and origin of the mutations in 393 Chinese sporadic HA families and identify potential mosaics among non‐carrier mothers.MethodsAccuCopy quantification combined with long‐distance PCR was used for genotyping intron 22/1 inversion (Inv22/Inv1) and Inv22 mosaicism. F8 gene sequences were analysed by direct sequencing. Copy number variations of F8 gene were detected by AccuCopy method. Six short tandem repeats related to F8 gene were applied for linkage analysis. Mosaicism of point mutations/small deletions/insertions was determined by ddNTP primer extension method.ResultsMost of sporadic patients’ mothers are carriers, in 257 cases with integral family members, 60% have the mutations tracing back to their fathers, 12% to their mothers. 28% had de novo mutations with non‐carrier mothers as revealed by routine genetic studies. Mutation spectrum of sporadic families was different in groups with different origins of mutations. Point mutation (51%) was the predominant mutation type in pedigrees with de novo mutations. While, in families with mutations inherited from maternal grandfathers, Inv22 was the main type (51%). We found somatic mosaic in mothers of 30% (3/10) pedigrees with de novo Inv22 and 11.5% (3/26) pedigrees with point mutations.ConclusionThe spectrum of F8 genetic variants identified in sporadic families was fairly diverse. The high prevalence of chimaeras in carriers suggests that more cautions should be taken in genetic counselling of sporadic haemophilia families.
Purification of polyphenols from kiwi fruit peel extracts using macroporous resins and high‐performance liquid chromatography analysis
Authors: Guo Caixia , Qiao Jinping , Zhang Shengwan , Ren Xiaoting , Li Meiping 
Published: January 2018

SummaryAn efficient strategy for the purification of polyphenols from kiwi fruit peel extracts was developed in this study. Six different macroporous resins were evaluated in static adsorption and desorption tests, and NKA‐II resin was used for further test because of its high adsorption capacity (21.28 mg g−1 dry resin) and desorption ratio (84.92%). The adsorption mechanism of the NKA‐II resin indicated that pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and the Freundlich isotherm model could adequately explain the adsorption process, and the thermodynamic tests showed that the process was endothermic, spontaneous and feasible. Furthermore, by optimising the dynamic adsorption and desorption parameters, the purity of the final polyphenols improved dramatically from 33.2% to 55.26%. In addition, the qualitative and quantitative determinations of the polyphenols before and after purification were conducted by a high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. The results of this study showed that the developed method provided a promising basis for the large‐scale purification of polyphenols from kiwi fruit peel.
Optimization of reverse chemical ecology method: false positive binding of Aenasius bambawalei odorant binding protein 1 caused by uncertain binding mechanism
Authors: Li Q.L. , Yi S.C. , Li D.Z. , Nie X.P. , Li S.Q. , Wang M.‐Q. , Zhou A.M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOdorant binding proteins (OBPs) are considered as the core molecular targets in reverse chemical ecology, which is a convenient and efficient method by which to screen potential semiochemicals. Herein, we identified a classic OBP, AbamOBP1 from Aenasius bambawalei, which showed high mRNA expression in male antennae. Fluorescence competitive binding assay (FCBA) results demonstrated that AbamOBP1 has higher binding affinity with ligands at acid pH, suggesting the physiologically inconsistent binding affinity of this protein. Amongst the four compounds with the highest binding affinities at acid pH, 2, 4, 4‐trimethyl‐2‐pentene and 1‐octen‐3‐one were shown to have attractant activity for male adults, whereas (−)‐limonene and an analogue of 1‐octen‐3‐ol exhibited nonbehavioural activity. Further homology modelling and fluorescence quenching experiments demonstrated that the stoichiometry of the binding of this protein to these ligands was not 1: 1, suggesting that the results of FCBA were false. In contrast, the apparent association constants (Ka) of fluorescence quenching experiments seemed to be more reliable, because 2, 4, 4‐trimethyl‐2‐pentene and 1‐octen‐3‐one had observably higher Ka than (−)‐limonene and 1‐octen‐3‐ol at neutral pH. Based on the characteristics of different OBPs, various approaches should be applied to study their binding affinities with ligands, which could modify and complement the results of FCBA and contribute to the application of reverse chemical ecology.
The advancement and persistence of women in the information technology profession: An extension of Ahuja's gendered theory of IT career stages
Authors: Armstrong Deborah J. , Riemenschneider Cynthia K. , Giddens Laurie G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn 2002, Manju Ahuja articulated the challenges women face in the information technology (IT) profession with the goal of developing a theoretical model of factors influencing career choice, career advancement, and career persistence for women in the IT profession. While Ahuja's work has been regularly cited in the IT workforce literature (citation count was around 120 using ISI Web of Science and around 425 using Google Scholar as of September 30, 2017), women continue to leave the IT profession at a disturbing rate. Using Ahuja's theoretical model as the foundation, this study asked women working in IT what workplace challenges they face. The findings from this study validate many of Ahuja's propositions and suggest an extended theoretical model that could be used to further explore the challenges women face at various career stages in the IT field. In addition, the extended theoretical model might be used to galvanize the discussion around developing a more inclusive IT work environment.
A parallel variable neighborhood search approach for the obnoxious p‐median problem
Authors: Herrán Alberto , Colmenar José M. , Martí Rafael , Duarte Abraham 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe obnoxious p‐median problem consists of selecting p locations, considered facilities, in a way that the sum of the distances from each nonfacility location, called customers, to its nearest facility is maximized. This is an ‐hard problem that can be formulated as an integer linear program. In this paper, we propose the application of a variable neighborhood search (VNS) method to effectively tackle this problem. First, we develop new and fast local search procedures to be integrated into the basic VNS methodology. Then, some parameters of the algorithm are tuned in order to improve its performance. The best VNS variant is parallelized and compared with the best previous methods, namely branch and cut, tabu search, and GRASP over a wide set of instances. Experimental results show that the proposed VNS outperforms previous methods in the state of the art. This fact is finally confirmed by conducting nonparametric statistical tests.
Effects of customer response to fashion product stockout on holding costs, order sizes, and profitability in omnichannel retailing
Authors: Ovezmyradov Berdymyrat , Kurata Hisashi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn retailing practice, customers may actively respond in one of the following ways after experiencing stockout of a preferred brand: switch to a substitutable brand, switch to another store (where the preferred brand could be available), or delay purchase (backlogging). This paper presents a model of active customer responses to stockout of fashion products. In the single‐period model, a retailer maximizes profit by selling two substitutable brands through two different stores. Analytical results and numerical experiments suggest that active response to stockout increase the retailer's profitability due to (a) additional revenue from backlogging and brand and store switching and (b) decrease in optimal order size resulting in lower holding costs. Omnichannel fulfillment offers additional opportunities for retailers to benefit from active responses to stockout.
Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging Shows Similar Cerebral Axonal Damage in Patients with HIV Infection and Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Buyukturkoglu Korhan , Fleyser Lazar , Byrd Desiree , Morgello Susan , Inglese Matilde 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACTBACKGROUND AND PURPOSEIn this pilot study, we sought to investigate the pathological changes in the white matter (WM) of medically complex, combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)‐treated patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), comparing them to patients with long‐standing, secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS).METHODSUsing diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI)‐derived WM tract integrity (WMTI) metrics, 15 HIV and 15 age‐ and sex‐matched SPMS patients with similar disease duration underwent magnetic resonance imaging analysis. Maps of WMTI metrics were created. Tract‐based spatial statistics analysis of the whole brain and regions of interest analysis of the corpus callosum (CC) and the anterior thalamic radiations (ATRs) were performed and the derived WMTI metrics were compared between the groups of patients.RESULTSAxonal water fraction, an index of chronic axonal loss, showed similarities between HIV and the chronic MS patients in all regions; in contrast, tortuosity, a measure more sensitive to myelin loss, was regionally variable. In addition, in HIV patients, WMTI metrics of the CC and left ATR were associated with cognitive test scores, suggesting clinical relevance for these measures of WM damage.CONCLUSIONSWe conclude that DKI‐derived WMTI metrics may be a valuable tool in assessing the WM changes of medically complex HIV‐infected individuals. While not powered to examine potential etiologies of WM changes in this pilot sample, regional variations in WMTI metrics were seen. When contrasted with changes consequent to chronic MS of similar duration, HIV and its comorbidities appear to result in similar degrees of axonal damage, but regionally variable amounts of myelin loss and extraxonal abnormality.
Effects of polyphenols on doxorubicin‐induced oral keratinocyte cytotoxicity and anticancer potency against oral cancer cells
Authors: Sheng Hong , Ogawa Toru , Niwano Yoshimi , Sasaki Keiichi , Tachibana Katsuro 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundNormal human oral keratinocytes are highly sensitive to anticancer drugs including doxorubicin. Resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, and tannic acid are polyphenolic compounds that were reported to have cardioprotective effect when combined with doxorubicin. However, it is unknown whether these polyphenols could protect normal human oral keratinocytes against doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity without weakening its cytotoxic potential against oral cancer cells. Here, we examined the effects of the 3 polyphenolic compounds on doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity in normal human oral keratinocytes and also investigated their effects on doxorubicin potency in HSC‐2 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.MethodsCell viability was evaluated, followed by the analysis of apoptosis and necrosis. The changes in intracellular reactive oxygen species at the early stage after treatment were also examined.ResultsThe results revealed that resveratrol in combination with doxorubicin additively augmented doxorubicin cytotoxicity in both types of cells. However, epigallocatechin gallate and tannic acid at a certain concentration mitigated the doxorubicin‐induced keratinocyte toxicity mainly due to reduced doxorubicin‐induced necrosis in normal human oral keratinocytes without weaken doxorubicin anticancer efficacy. The exact mechanism is still unknown but intracellular reactive oxygen species might be not the sole factor.ConclusionsThis study for the first time reported the effects of resveratrol, epigallocatechin gallate, and tannic acid on doxorubicin‐induced cytotoxicity in normal oral keratinocytes and oral cancer cells. The combined use of epigallocatechin gallate or tannic acid with doxorubicin at a certain concentration could mitigate doxorubicin‐induced keratinocyte cytotoxicity without weakening doxorubicin anticancer efficacy.
Effect of Different Laser Treatments on the Bond Strength of Intracanal Fiber Posts Cemented with a Self‐Adhesive Resin Cement
Authors: Šimundić Munitić Marija , Bago Ivona , Glockner Karl , Kqiku Lumnije , Gabrić Dragana , Anić Ivica 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate the influence of laser‐activated irrigation by Er:YAG and Er:YSGG (LAI) protocols and Nd:YAG laser irradiation on the bond strength of self‐adhesively cemented fiber posts to root canal dentine.Materials and MethodsThe study sample consisted of 84 human single‐rooted permanent teeth instrumented with ProTaper Next technique. After obturation, post space preparations were created for fiber‐reinforced composite posts. The prepared specimens were divided according to the laser treatment of the post space preparations: group 1: LAI (Er:YAG) + saline solution (pulse energy: 20 mJ, repetition rate: 15 Hz); group 2: LAI (Er:YAG) + QMiX solution (pulse energy: 20 mJ, repetition rate: 15 Hz); group 3: LAI (Er,Cr:YSGG) + saline solution (pulse energy: 62.5 mJ, 20 Hz); group 4: LAI (Er,Cr:YSGG) + QMiX (pulse energy: 62.5 mJ, 20 Hz); Nd:YAG laser (pulse energy: 100 mJ, 10 Hz). Fiber‐reinforced posts were cemented with a self‐adhesive cement. The bond strength was evaluated by the push‐out bond strength test, and the mode of failure was determined under a stereomicroscope. Kruskal‐Wallis test was used for the intergroup comparative analysis with 5% level of significance.ResultsThe highest bond strength was recorded in the Er:YAG + QMiX group (mean 3.401 MPa) (p < 0.05), followed by the Er,Cr:YSGG and the Er:YAG + saline solution (mean 1.111 MPa and 1.094 MPa, respectively), which did not differ significantly (p = 0.232). The irradiation with the Nd:YAG laser caused similar bond strength as the Er,Cr:YSGG + QMiX (p = 0.942).ConclusionAll laser protocols enhanced the bond strength of the self‐adhesive cement in root canals compared to only saline irrigation. The bond strength of the self‐adhesive cement depended on the laser parameters and irrigant used for the LAI.