bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Undergraduate Teaching in Geriatrics and Pediatrics in Portuguese Medical Schools: An Observational Study
Authors: Amaral Mariana , Matias Filipa , Massena Lígia , Cardoso Nuno 
Published: February 2017

Introduction: Motivated by the contracting nature of the Portuguese age pyramid, and thereby the ever increasing geriatric population, the aim of this study was to compare the number of European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System Credits dedicated to Geriatrics with Pediatrics in Portuguese Medical Schools.Material and Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted and included six Portuguese Medical Schools that have six years of training and a total of 360 credits. The study plans were obtained from the medical schools’ websites or requested. Schools were grouped in modular/classic teaching methodology and the courses were categorized in mandatory/optional and specific/related. The credits of Geriatrics and Pediatrics were compared.Results: Four schools had classical methodology and two had a modular one. Overall, they had more credits dedicated to Pediatrics than Geriatrics. Three schools offered mandatory courses specifically oriented to Geriatrics (1.5 - 8 credits) compared to all schools mandatory courses courses on Pediatrics (5.7 - 26.5 credits). The ratio of averages of mandatory specific courses (Pediatrics/Geriatrics) was 12.4 in the classical and 1.5 in the modular group.Discussion: Pediatrics teaching has revealed to be superior to Geriatrics in all categories. Based on our results, we consider the Portuguese Geriatrics’ undergraduate teaching sub-optimal.Conclusion: Nowadays, geriatric population is quantitatively similar to pediatric population. Efforts should be made to adequate Geriatrics teaching to our reality in order to provide a more adequate health care to this age group.
Metodologia SOAP na Formação da Medicina Geral e Familiar em Contexto Prático
Authors: Santiago Luiz Miguel , Neto Isabel 
Published: February 2017

Introdução: Os registos clínicos em Medicina Geral e Familiar são suporte de informação sobre o estado do consulente e forma de comunicação entre profissionais de saúde. O desenvolvimento de competências em Medicina Geral e Familiar em pré-graduação deve incluir a capacidade de efetuar estes registos de forma adequada no contexto da prática clínica. Os estudantes de medicina da Universidade da Beira Interior têm realizado desde 2012 consulta com a metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP com avaliação de desempenho na consulta pretendendo-se verificar em que aspetos da metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP os alunos revelam maiores dificuldades para definir técnicas de melhoria e correlacionar a nota do consulente com a avaliação do tutor.Material e Métodos: Foram analisados os dados de avaliação do ano letivo de 2015-2016 na consulta de Medicina Geral e Familiar realizada por alunos do quarto ano de medicina, comparando as médias de cada item da grelha de avaliação em metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP e a Avaliação pelo consulente.Resultados: Na metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP estão no melhor quartil de nota 29,7% dos alunos, e na valorização de competências 37,1% estando 27,2% no melhor quartil de avaliação pelo consulente. Em Subjectivo, a pior nota verifica-separa ‘Foi verificada/anotada a evolução’, em Objectivo para ‘Há registo de exame físico orientado para o problema da consulta’, em Avaliação para ‘Há notas de raciocínio diagnóstico / Diagnóstico diferencial’ e em Plano para ‘Há negociação de objetivos a atingir’. A melhor avaliação pelo tutor regista-se para ‘Comunicação’.Discussão: Só um estudo em Portugal avaliou os resultados da prestação do aluno em exame em consulta, com resultados similares,não havendo publicações quanto à avaliação pelo consulente.Conclusão: Os alunos revelaram bom desempenho na utilização da metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP. Osresultados encontrados representam o início do treino na metodologia Subjectivo, Objectivo, Avaliação e Plano - SOAP pelos alunos. Esta avaliação abre pistas sobre como melhor ensinar os aspetos com maiores dificuldades.
Strategi Penghidupan Peternak Sapi Perah Di Lereng Selatan Gunungapi Merapi Pasca Erupsi 2010
Authors: Andarwati Siti , Rijanta R , Widiati Rini , Opatpatanakit Yanin 
Published: February 2017

This study aims to analyzed the strategies of dairy farmers in disaster prone areas (DPA) in the southern slopes of Merapi for sustaining livelihood after the eruption of Merapi volcano in 2010. Research conducted by the Survey method. Sampling was done by using the Census methods, consists of 84 dairy farmers in DPA III (Kaliadem hamlet) and 50 dairy farmers in DPA II (Gondang Wetan hamlet). Both hamlets were including Cangkringan district To find out the farmers strategies used descriptive method, that was to gather as much information related to their livelihood, covers three important aspects: assets (livelihood resources), access and activity. Statistical analysis that used for classification of livelihood strategies was Factor Analysis with SPSS 18. The results showed, there were nine strategy chosen by the dairy farmers for sustaining livelihoods in order to ensure sustainable livelihoods: The combination of financial, physical asset and natural resources utilization, as well as maintained dairy farm; The combination of physical and social capital utilization, social access and business diversification; Utilization of social access; Utilization of social help and mutual access, Utilization of liquid assets and social capital; The combination of psychological factors with utilization of financial & social access; Utilization of financial assets and access with the use of pause time; Utilization of social capital; and Farm diversification. The combination of financial, physical asset and natural resources utilization, as well as maintained dairy farm was the most of dominant strategy chosen by the farmers, with the greatest cumulative value (27.645%). Psychological variable (sense of security) was to be the new finding in the theory of sustainable livelihood strategies. Social capital was the variable that dominated the basic options of sustainable livelihood strategy of dairy farmers after the eruption of Merapi in 2010.
THE PROPORTION OF X AND Y SPERM, VIABILITY AND MOTILITY OF RAM SPERMATOZOA AFTER SEPARATED WITH WHITE EGG ALBUMIN
Authors: Takdir Moh , Ismaya Ismaya , Bintara Sigit 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to determine the proportion, viability and motility of X and Y ram spermatozoa separated with egg white albumin. Sperm samples derived from Garut ram, which was collected by using an artificial vagina. Observations were made on spermatozoa fraction above and below each medium fraction treatment. There are treatment egg white albumin as separation medium, each medium consisting of fractions top and bottom fraction with different concentration: 1) P0 = sperma before separation (control); 2) P1 = 10% above fraction + 30% lower fraction; P2 = 25% + 45%; P3 = 25% + 75%. Data proportion of X and Y, viability and motility were analyzed statistically by Completely Randomized Design patern in the direction followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test for data with a real difference. Separation with egg white albumin affect significantly increased the proportion of spermatozoa X and Y (P≤0.05), but tends to decrease the viability and motility of spermatozoa.The proportion of spermatozoa X and Y was highest in treatment P3,76.76% of spermatozoa X (fraction above 25%) and 79.81% spermatozoa Y (75% lower fraction), with an average viability obtained respectively 68,9% (fraction above) and 59,7% (bottom fraction), motility 77,5% (fraction above) dan 84,0% (bottom fraction). It was concluded that the egg white albumin is very effective in changing the proportions of X and Y ram sperm with the quality of spermatozoa after separation feasible for applications insemination or processed into frozen semen. (Keywords: Garut ram, White egg albumin, Spermatozoa X and Y)
Kajian Ekologi Pohon Burahol (Stelechocarpus burahol) di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur
Authors: Heriyanto N. M. , Garsetiasih R. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Ecological Study of Burahol Tree (Stelechocarpus burahol) Thomson at Meru Betiri National Park, East Java. The purpose of this research was to know the ecology of burahol tree (S. burahol). This research was conducted at Lodadi, Sub Section II of Conservation Regional Office, Ambulu-Meru Betiri National Park, East Java in Desember 2004. Data collection were using purposive random sampling to set the plots and transect line method to make a plot acrossed the slope. The size of plot was 20 m in width and 1.000 m in length, total of plot observation were three plots. The result showed that most of burahol habitat found at surrounding river with steep slope. The vegetative composition around burahol trees could be found Chydenanthus excelsus trees (IVI/important value index = 67.9%), and Sandoricum koetjape trees (IVI = 24.2%). However, C. excelsus tree was the closest asociation with burahol, because it always be found together with burahol. Physical environment that burahol trees found, showed that temperature is 26- 30oC, humidity is 50-85%, the slope of the land was 10-50% and the altitude was 10-210 m. The kind of soil was Latosol with 5.5-6.5 acidity. Regeneration of burahol trees was done by bat (Pteropus vampirus) and surface run of.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekologi pohon burahol (S. burahol). Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Desember 2004 berlokasi di blok Lodadi Subseksi II Ambulu, Taman Nasional Meru Betiri (TNMB), Jawa Timur. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode pengukuran jalur berpetak dengan lebar jalur 20 m dan panjang 1.000 m. Jalur diletakkan memotong lereng dan jumlah jalur pengamatan tiga jalur. Plot-plot penelitian untuk burahol ditetapkan secara sengaja dengan metode purposive sampling, di mana pengukuran dilakukan pada tempat-tempat yang terdapat pohon burahol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa habitat burahol di TNMB banyak dijumpai di pinggir aliran sungai dengan topografi agak curam. Di sekitar pohon burahol banyak dijumpai besule (Chydenanthus excelsus) dengan indeks nilai penting (INP) 67,9% dan sentul (Sandoricum koetjape) dengan INP 24,2%. Lingkungan fisik yang berkaitan erat dengan burahol adalah suhu yang berkisar antara 26-30&amp;deg;C, kelembaban udara 50- 85%, kemiringan lahan 10-50%, dan ketinggian tempat di atas permukaan laut 10-210 m. Jenis tanah di lokasi penelitian adalah Latosol dengan tekstur geluh lempungan dengan pH 5,5-6,5. Besule (C. excelsus) merupakan jenis tumbuhan yang mempunyai hubungan asosiasi kuat dengan burahol. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh nilai indeks Ochiai, indeks Dice, dan indeks Jaccard mendekati satu. Regenerasi alami pohon burahol di TNMB dibantu oleh satwa liar, terutama kalong (Pteropus vampirus) dan aliran air hujan.</p>
Status Penelitian Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina Molk.) di Indonesia
Authors: Darwati Ireng , Roostika Ika 
Published: February 2017

<p>Purwoceng was a commercial medicinal plant that could be used as aphrodisiac, diuretic, and body fit enhancer. The plant was indigenous of Indonesia that grew endemically at Dieng Plateau in Central Java, Pangrango Mountain in West Java, and mountaineos area in East Java. Recently the population was getting rare because of high genetic erosion. Based on the erosion level, the purwoceng was categorized as endangered species. In order to prevent from extinction, the conservation has to be done. The efforts of conservation could be conducted together with the efforts of its utilization optimally and sustainably. So far there were not many researches on purwoceng. Several aspects that had been reported were on agronomy, in vitro culture, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. However, the results of those researches had not been optimal and satisfying. Breeding research had not even been reported. This condition opened large opportunities for researchers to develop the researches that had been conducted to obtain the new technology. The supported technologies and the completed information would enhance the development of this commodity especially at industrial scale.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p><strong></strong>digunakan sebagai afrodisiak, diuretic, dan tonik. Tanaman tersebut adalah tumbuhan asli Indonesia yang tumbuh secara endemik di dataran tinggi Dieng Jawa Tengah, Gunung Pangrango Jawa Barat, dan area pegunungan di Jawa Timur. Dewasa ini, populasinya sangat jarang yang disebabkan oleh erosi genetik secara besar-besaran. Berdasarkan tingkat erosinya, purwoceng dikategorikan sebagai spesies yang hampir punah. Untuk menghindari kepunahan, tindakan konservasi harus dikelola dengan baik. Upaya pelestarian sebaiknya dilakukan secara bersama dengan upaya pemanfaatannya secara optimal dan berkelanjutan. Hingga saat ini tidak banyak laporan penelitian tentang purwoceng. Beberapa aspek yang sudah dilaporkan adalah aspek agronomi, kultur in vitro, fitokimia, dan farmakologi. Namun demikian, hasil penelitian tersebut belum memuaskan. Penelitian pemuliaan bahkan belum pernah dilaporkan. Kondisi demikian membuka peluang bagi pengembangan penelitian yang sudah pernah dilakukan hingga diperoleh teknologi yang mantap. Teknologi yang mendukung dan informasi yang lengkap diharapkan akan meningkatkan pengembangan komoditas tersebut, terutama dalam skala industri.</p>
Potensi dan Wilayah Pengembangan Kesemek Junggo
Authors: Baswarsiati NFN , Suhardi NFN , Rahmawati D. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.) was one of the local specific horticulture products in high land. Junggo persimmon has attractive appearance of the ripe fruit with orange to red colour. The size of fruit was 200-300 g, sweet taste, enough water and crispy. Astringent taste could be elimated by fruit treatments. The vase life of fruit was 14 days, productivity was 400-500 kg/trees/years. Persimmon was originated of subtropical region of China and Japan. In Java persimmon was planted in high land at 1000 m up to 1500 m above sea level with high rainfall. The Junggo persimmon had good market and had been exported to Singapore about 30-40 ton/seasons. The consumers prefer persimmon fruit from Junggo than from other areas of Java.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Salah satu produk hortikultura spesifik lokasi yang tumbuh di dataran tinggi Batu adalah kesemek atau persimmon (Diospyros kaki L.). Kesemek Junggo memiliki beberapa keunggulan, terutama penampilan buahnya yang sangat menarik, berwarna oranye bila telah masak optimal. Bila sudah matang, buah berwarna merah seperti tomat dan lunak. Ukuran buah besar, 200-300 g/buah, rasa buah manis-kelat, kandungan air cukup, buah optimal rasanya renyah, daya simpan buah lebih dari 14 hari. Rasa kelat atau sepat dapat dihilangkan dengan beberapa cara. Produktivitas kesemek 400-500 kg/pohon/tahun, berbuah hanya sekali setahun dari tanaman yang rata-rata sudah tua. Kesemek berasal dari Cina dan Jepang, banyak dijumpai di daerah subtropik dan dataran tinggi daerah tropik. Di daerah tropik umumnya dijumpai pada ketinggian di atas 1000 m dpl. Di Jawa, tanaman kesemek tumbuh baik pada ketinggian 1000-1500 m dpl dengan curah hujan tinggi. Kesemek menyukai daerah beriklim sejuk dan lembab. Kesemek asal Junggo-Batu sejak tahun 1983 telah diekspor ke Singapura. Potensi dan volume ekspor buah kesemek asal Junggo-Batu yang diperoleh dari satu dusun Junggo berkisar antara 30-40 t/ musim. Menurut eksportir, buah kesemek asal Junggo-Batu lebih disukai oleh konsumen Singapura dibandingkan dengan buah kesemek dari daerah lain di Jawa karena rasanya lebih manis, renyah, kandungan air banyak, buah berukuran besar, dan berwarna merah-jingga menarik.</p>
Karakterisasi Kentang Varietas Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa dengan Metode UPOV
Authors: Kusmana NFN , Sofiari Eri 
Published: February 2017

<p>Characterization was carried out in Indonesian Vegetable Reserach Institute (IVEGRI), Lembang. Twenty plants/plot and three replications for each variety were arranged in Randomized Block Design. The objective of the experiment was to compile characters of potato varieties Granola, Atlantic, and Balsa by implementing UPOV methods. The result shown in the form of table containing descriptions of 50 characters of Granola, Atlantic, and Balsa varieties.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kegiatan karakterisasi dilakukan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran Lembang, pada ketinggian tempat 1250 m di atas permukaan laut. Populasi tanaman untuk masing-masing varietas adalah 20 tanaman yang diulang sebanyak 3 kali dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk menerapkan metode baku UPOV mengenai penyusunan karakterisasi tanaman kentang pada varietas yang populer, yaitu Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa, sehingga didapatkan informasi morfologi yang lengkap tentang varietas tersebut. Hasil kegiatan ini adalah karakterisasi dalam bentuk tabel yang berisi deskripsi 50 sifat varietas kentang Granola, Atlantic, dan Balsa.</p>
Ragam Karakter Morfologi Kulit Biji Beberapa Genotipe Plasma Nutfah Kedelai
Authors: Krisnawati Ayda , Adie M. M. 
Published: February 2017

<p>Identification of morphological characters of soybean seed coat can be beneficial for industrial purposes and also important to enhance the seed quality genetically. The aims of the experiment were to identify the seed coat morphology of several soybean germplasm and to group them based on their seed coat morphological character. A total of 25 Balitkabi’s soybean germplasm were identified in Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Balitkabi and Laboratory of Biology, Malang University, from June until August 2005. The completely randomized design was used with three replications. Parameter measured include the thickness of seed coat layer and rate of imbibition. Cluster analysis was used to determine the index similarity of 25 soybean germplasms based on seed coat characters included epidermis, hypodermis, and parenchyma. The results shows that epidermis, hypodermis and parenchyma layer have mean of 0.051 mm, 0.160 mm, and 0.152 m, respectively. Imbibition’s rate ranged from 0.29-0.54% per hour. Cluster analysis was successfully clustering soybean genotypes into five groups, i.e. group with thin hypodermis layer, thin parenchyma, thick parenchyma, thick epidermis and hypodermis, and thinner parenchyma.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Identifikasi karakter morfologi kulit biji kedelai tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk industri, namun juga penting untuk peningkatan mutu benih secara genetik. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi morfologi kulit biji beberapa genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai dan mengelompokkan berdasarkan karakter morfologi kulit biji. Bahan penelitian adalah 25 genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai yang dikoleksi oleh Balitkabi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Balitkabi dan Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang, pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2005. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap ketebalan lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, parenkim, dan laju imbibisi. Sidik gerombol digunakan untuk menilai derajat kemiripan 25 genotipe kedelai berdasarkan karakter kulit biji (epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim 25 genotipe kedelai masing-masing mempunyai ketebalan ratarata 0,051 mm, 0,160 mm, dan 0,152 mm. Kecepatan imbibisi berkisar antara 0,29-0,54%/jam. Sidik gerombol berhasil mengelompokkan 25 genotipe kedelai menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok genotipe yang memiliki lapisan hipodermis tipis, lapisan parenkim tipis, lapisan parenkim tebal, lapisan epidermis, hipodermis tebal, dan genotipe dengan lapisan parenkim yang lebih tipis.</p>
Hasil Persilangan dan Pertumbuhan Beberapa Genotipe Salak
Authors: Hadiati Sri , Susiloadi Agung , Budiyanti Tri 
Published: February 2017

<p>The objective of this research were to form breeding populations of salacca resulted from crossing of some sallaca genotypes and to know their growth at tropical seedling phase. The research was conducted at Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute in January-December 2003. The crossing process was done at Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, and Yogyakarta. Material breeding consisted of female parents, namely: Sidempuan, Pondoh, and Mawar salacca, and as male parents, namely: Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Java, Affinis, and Sidempuan salacca. Their seeds were germinated in Solok until ready to be transplanted in the field. To know the growth of seedlings, the experiment was arranged in Block Randomized Design, 19 treatments (19 genotypes) and three replications. The result showed that percentage of crossing successfulness and percentage of growth were varied, i.e. 21.8-59.1% and 3.6- 98.4% respectively.The genotypes which were from S. Sumatrana (Sidempuan salacca) in general had bigger plant size (i.e. plant height, peduncle length, and tip leaves blade width), but their leaf number were less than the other genotypes. The growth of some salacca genotypes in the nursery can be used to estimate their growth in the field.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Penelitian bertujuan untuk membentuk populasi pemuliaan salak hasil persilangan dari beberapa genotipe dan mengetahui respon pertumbuhan persilangan tersebut selama di pembibitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok, pada bulan Januari-Desember 2003. Persilangan dilakukan di Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, dan Yogyakarta. Tetua betina yang digunakan adalah salak Sidempuan Putih dan Merah, Pondoh, Mawar, dan tetua jantan adalah salak Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Jawa, Affinis, dan Sidempuan. Biji-biji hasil persilangan tersebut dikecambahkan dan dipelihara di Solok sampai siap tanam di lapang. Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit selama di pembibitan rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 19 perlakuan (genotipe) dan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase silangan jadi dan persentase tumbuh genotipe yang diamati berkisar antara 21,8-59,1% dan 3,6-98,4%. Genotipe yang berasal dari S. sumatrana (salak Sidempuan) mempunyai ukuran tanaman yang lebih besar (tinggi tanaman, panjang tangkai, dan lebar pucuk anak daun), tetapi jumlah daunnya relatif sedikit dibandingkan dengan genotipe lainnya. Pertumbuhan beberapa genotipe salak selama di pembibitan ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi pertumbuhan tanaman salak di lapang.</p>
Eksplorasi dan Karakterisasi Buah Spesies Kerabat Mangga Kalimantan Tengah
Authors: Krismawati Amik 
Published: February 2017

<p>Exploration of relative of mango species, Mangifera indica L., Mangifera foetida L., Mangifera sp., Mangifera casturi D., and Bouea macropylla Griff was conducted in 4 districts of Central Kalimantan in April 2003 to January 2004. Differences among accesions were characterized by fruit type, shape, skin texture, fruit length, skin colour, flesh texture, flesh colour and taste. Fruiting season and yield among relative manggo of species are different. The results of characterization may be used as materials in mango breeding.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Eksplorasi spesies kerabat mangga, yaitu Hambawang (Mangifera foetida L.), Putaran (Mangifera sp.), Kasturi (Mangifera casturi D.), dan Gandaria (Bouea macropylla Griff) dilakukan di empat kabupaten di Kalimantan Tengah pada bulan April 2003 sampai Januari 2004. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa karakter buah antarspesies kerabat mangga sangat bervariasi. Perbedaan di antara spesies tersebut terletak pada tipe buah, bentuk buah, tekstur kulit buah, panjang buah, warna kulit buah, daging buah, warna dan rasa daging buah. Musim berbuah dan produksi buah masing-masing spesies kerabat mangga juga bervariasi. Hasil karakterisasi dapat digunakan untuk bahan pemuliaan buah mangga.</p>