bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Commentary on “A family’s battle to understand ‘challenging behaviour’”
Authors: Kiernan Joann 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a commentary on issues raised in the paper “A family’s battle to understand ‘challenging behaviour’”.

Design/methodology/approach
Drawing on literature associated with issues identified in the paper this commentary will reflect on the evidence associated with providing specialist support to people with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour.

Findings
Families, individuals and services are unable to access timely and appropriate specialist support for individuals with intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour. As individuals go on to develop behaviours associated with a lack of intervention their levels of vulnerability increase due to their exclusion from services and their local communities.

Originality/value
The commentary provides a discussion on the issues faced by individuals and their families in relation to intellectual disabilities and challenging behaviour.
Country profile: intellectual and developmental disability in Nigeria
Authors: Sango Precious Nonye 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to provide a contextual and general overview of intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) in Nigeria.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper uses a chronological approach, providing an assessment of the understanding and treatment of people with IDD from the pre-colonial era to the present.

Findings
Nigeria has experienced a different historical path in terms of treatment and service provision for people with IDD compared to industrialised and developing countries such as the UK and Brazil.

Originality/value
Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa with an emerging economy and thus important to review the treatment and social inclusion of people with IDD in the country’s development.
Rapid inversion of data from 2D resistivity surveys with electrode displacements
Authors: Loke M.H. , Wilkinson P.B. , Chambers J.E. , Meldrum P.I. 
Published: March 2017

ABSTRACTResistivity monitoring surveys are used to detect temporal changes in the subsurface using repeated measurements over the same site. The positions of the electrodes are typically measured at the start of the survey program and possibly at occasional later times. In areas with unstable ground, such as landslide‐prone slopes, the positions of the electrodes can be displaced by ground movements. If this occurs at times when the positions of the electrodes are not directly measured, they have to be estimated. This can be done by interpolation or, as in recent developments, from the resistivity data using new inverse methods. The smoothness‐constrained least squares optimisation method can be modified to include the electrode positions as additional unknown parameters. The Jacobian matrices with the sensitivity of the apparent resistivity measurements to changes in the electrode positions are then required by the optimisation method. In this paper, a fast adjoint‐equation method is used to calculate the Jacobian matrices required by the least squares method to reduce the calculation time. In areas with large near‐surface resistivity contrasts, the inversion routine sometimes cannot accurately distinguish between electrode displacements and subsurface resistivity variations. To overcome this problem, the model for the initial time‐lapse dataset (with accurately known electrode positions) is used as the starting model for the inversion of the later‐time dataset. This greatly improves the accuracy of the estimated electrode positions compared to the use of a homogeneous half‐space starting model. In areas where the movement of the electrodes is expected to occur in a fixed direction, the method of transformations can be used to include this information as an additional constraint in the optimisation routine.
Invasive seaweeds transform habitat structure and increase biodiversity of associated species
Authors: Dijkstra Jennifer A. , Harris Larry G. , Mello Kristen , Litterer Amber , Wells Christopher , Ware Colin 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe visual landscape of marine and terrestrial systems is changing as a result of anthropogenic factors. Often these shifts involve introduced species that are morphologically dissimilar to native species, creating a unique biogenic structure and habitat for associated species within the landscape. While community‐level changes as a result of introduced species have been documented in both terrestrial and marine systems, it is still unclear how long‐term shifts in species composition will affect habitat complexity or its potential to influence the biodiversity of species that occur at the base of the food web.We analysed quadrat photos collected at several subtidal sites in the Gulf of Maine over a 30+ year period, and collected individual seaweed species to determine their complexity and the biodiversity of meso‐invertebrates associated with each species.By coupling the relationship of 30+ years of shifts in seaweed assemblages, morphological structure of the seaweed assemblage, and their meso‐invertebrates, we determined introduced seaweeds have increased by up to 90%, corresponding to a rise in two‐dimensional (2D) structure, and a decline in canopy height of subtidal rocky habitats. The highly complex two‐dimensional habitat provided by introduced filamentous red seaweeds supports two to three times more meso‐invertebrate individuals and species that form the base of the food web than simpler forms of morphological habitat.Synthesis. The present study demonstrates a long‐term shift in foundation species towards a dominance of invasive seaweeds that directly reduce canopy height and increase the 2D biogenic structure of the habitat. These introduced seaweeds harbour greater biodiversity of species found at the base of the food web than seaweeds with simpler forms such as the native kelp species. Such shifts in habitat structure will propagate to food webs by influencing the structure of lower trophic‐level meso‐invertebrates and indirectly upper trophic‐level species that feed on these invertebrates and use the seaweed structure as refuge.
Arrhythmic effects of Epac‐mediated ryanodine receptor activation in Langendorff‐perfused murine hearts are associated with reduced conduction velocity
Authors: Li Mengye , Hothi Sandeep S , Salvage Samantha C , Jeevaratnam Kamalan , Grace Andrew A , Huang Christopher L‐H 
Published: March 2017

SummaryRecent papers have attributed arrhythmic substrate in murine RyR2‐P2328S hearts to reduced action potential (AP) conduction velocities (CV), reflecting acute functional inhibition and/or reduced expression of sodium channels. We explored for acute effects of direct exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac)‐mediated ryanodine receptor‐2 (RyR2) activation on arrhythmic substrate and CV. Monophasic action potential (MAP) recordings demonstrated that initial steady (8 Hz) extrinsic pacing elicited ventricular tachycardia (VT) in 0 of 18 Langendorff‐perfused wild‐type mouse ventricles before pharmacological intervention. The Epac activator 8‐CPT (8‐(4‐chlorophenylthio)‐2′‐O‐methyladenosine‐3′,5′‐cyclic monophosphate) (VT in 1 of 7 hearts), and the RyR2 blocker dantrolene, either alone (0 of 11) or with 8‐CPT (0 of 9) did not then increase VT incidence (P>.05). Both progressively increased pacing rates and programmed extrasystolic (S2) stimuli similarly produced no VT in untreated hearts (n=20 and n=9 respectively). 8‐CPT challenge then increased VT incidences (5 of 7 and 4 of 8 hearts respectively; P<.05). However, dantrolene, whether alone (0 of 10 and 1 of 13) or combined with 8‐CPT (0 of 10 and 0 of 13) did not increase VT incidence relative to those observed in untreated hearts (P>.05). 8‐CPT but not dantrolene, whether alone or combined with 8‐CPT, correspondingly increased AP latencies (1.14±0.04 (n=7), 1.04±0.03 (n=10), 1.09±0.05 (n=8) relative to respective control values). In contrast, AP durations, conditions for 2:1 conduction block and ventricular effective refractory periods remained unchanged throughout. We thus demonstrate for the first time that acute RyR2 activation reversibly induces VT in specific association with reduced CV.
Detecting alternatively spliced transcript isoforms from single‐molecule long‐read sequences without a reference genome
Authors: Liu Xiaoxian , Mei Wenbin , Soltis Pamela S. , Soltis Douglas E. , Barbazuk W. Brad 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAlternative splicing (AS) is a major source of transcript and proteome diversity, but examining AS in species without well‐annotated reference genomes remains difficult. Research on both human and mouse has demonstrated the advantages of using Iso‐Seq™ data for isoform‐level transcriptome analysis, including the study of AS and gene fusion. We applied Iso‐Seq™ to investigate AS in Amborella trichopoda, a phylogenetically pivotal species that is sister to all other living angiosperms. Our data show that, compared with RNA‐Seq data, the Iso‐Seq™ platform provides better recovery on large transcripts, new gene locus identification and gene model correction. Reference‐based AS detection with Iso‐Seq™ data identifies AS within a higher fraction of multi‐exonic genes than observed for published RNA‐Seq analysis (45.8% vs. 37.5%). These data demonstrate that the Iso‐Seq™ approach is useful for detecting AS events. Using the Iso‐Seq‐defined transcript collection in Amborella as a reference, we further describe a pipeline for detection of AS isoforms from PacBio Iso‐Seq™ without using a reference sequence (de novo). Results using this pipeline show a 66%–76% overall success rate in identifying AS events. This de novoAS detection pipeline provides a method to accurately characterize and identify bona fide alternatively spliced transcripts in any nonmodel system that lacks a reference genome sequence. Hence, our pipeline has huge potential applications and benefits to the broader biology community.
Toward a very brief self‐report to assess the core symptoms of depression (VQIDS‐SR5)
Authors: De La Garza N. , John Rush A. , Grannemann B. D. , Trivedi M. H. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveTo develop a short, 5‐item measure of the core symptoms of depression based on the 16‐item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self‐Report (QIDS‐SR16) and to evaluate psychometric properties of this new measure (Very Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology – Self‐Report: VQIDS‐SR5).MethodUsing data from a convenience sample of the Combining Medications to Enhance Depression Outcomes (CO‐MED) trial, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the VQIDS‐SR5, its sensitivity to change, and its comparability to the QIDS‐SR16 and clinician‐rated scales (QIDS‐C16 and VQIDS‐C5).ResultsThe VQIDS‐SR5 has a single‐factor structure with an acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha: 0.67–0.81). The VQIDS‐SR5 was as sensitive to change as its parent scale, then QIDS‐SR16 and, detected change at an earlier time frame. Additionally, the VQIDS‐SR5 was comparable to the QIDS‐SR16, QIDS‐C16, and VQIDS‐C5.ConclusionThe VQIDS‐SR5 can effectively evaluate the core symptoms of depression during the course of treatment.
Hospitalized opioid‐dependent patients: Exploring predictors of buprenorphine treatment entry and retention after discharge
Authors: Lee Christina S. , Liebschutz Jane M. , Anderson Bradley J. , Stein Michael D. 
Published: March 2017

ObjectivesFew studies have explored predictors of entry into and retention in buprenorphine treatment following linkage from an acute medical hospitalization.MethodsThis secondary analysis of a completed clinical trial focuses on medically hospitalized, opioid‐dependent patients (n = 72) who were randomized to an intervention including buprenorphine induction and dose stabilization during hospitalization followed by post‐discharge transition to office‐based buprenorphine treatment (OBOT). Predictors included demographics, days hospitalized, prior buprenorphine/methadone treatment, PTSD symptoms, social support, and readiness for drug use cessation. Outcome variables were treatment entry and retention (number of days in OBOT).ResultsPrevious buprenorphine treatment, more days hospitalized, and higher PTSD symptoms predicted OBOT entry. Prior treatment, older age, and non‐minority status were associated with a higher mean number of days in OBOT.ConclusionsOBOT may appeal to patients who have tried buprenorphine in other settings. Linking hospitalized patients to OBOT may improve utilization of addiction treatment.Scientific SignificancePrior substance treatment, longer hospital stay, and mental health should be examined in future linkage studies. (Am J Addict 2017;26:667–672)
Ovarian reserve after salpingectomy: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mohamed Ahmed Aboelfadle , Yosef Ali Haroun , James Cathryn , Al‐Hussaini Tarek Khalaf , Bedaiwy Mohamed Ali , Amer Saad Ali K.S. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionAlthough there has been a growing concern over the possible damaging effect of salpingectomy on ovarian reserve, this issue remains uncertain. The purpose of this meta‐analysis was to test the hypothesis that salpingectomy may compromise ovarian reserve.Material and methodsA detailed search was conducted using MEDLINE, Embase, Dynamed Plus, ScienceDirect, TRIP database and the Cochrane Library from January 2000 to November 2016. All cohort, cross‐sectional and randomized controlled studies investigating changes in circulating anti‐Müllerian hormone (AMH) after salpingectomy were considered. Thirty‐seven studies were identified, of which eight were eligible. Data were extracted and entered into RevMan software for calculation of the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CI. Two groups of studies were analyzed separately: group 1 (six studies, n = 464) comparing data before and after salpingectomy and group 2 (two studies) comparing data in women who have undergone salpingectomy (n = 169) vs. healthy controls (n = 154).ResultsPooled results of group 1 studies showed no statistically significant change in serum AMH concentration after salpingectomy (WMD, −0.10 ng/mL; 95% CI −0.19 to 0.00, I2 = 0%). Similarly, meta‐analysis of group 2 showed no statistically significant difference in serum AMH concentration between salpingectomy group and controls (WMD, −0.11 ng/mL; 95% CI −0.37 to 0.14, I2 = 77%). Subgroup analyses based on laterality of surgery, type of AMH kit and participants’ age (<40 years) still showed no statistically significant changes in circulating AMH.ConclusionSalpingectomy does not seem to compromise ovarian reserve in the short‐term. However, the long‐term effect of salpingectomy on ovarian reserve remains uncertain.
Improved postnatal care is needed to maintain gains in neonatal survival after the implementation of the Helping Babies Breathe initiative
Authors: Wrammert J , KC A , Ewald U , Målqvist M 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimHelping Babies Breathe (HBB) is a neonatal resuscitation protocol proven to reduce intrapartum‐related mortality in low‐income settings. The aim of this study was to describe the timing and causes of neonatal in‐hospital deaths before and after HBB training at a maternity health facility in Nepal.MethodsA prospective cohort study was conducted at the facility between July 2012 and September 2013. All 137 staffs, including medical doctors and midwives, were trained in January 2013. The causes of 299 neonatal deaths and the day of death, up to 27 days, were collected before and after the training course.ResultsDeaths caused by intrapartum‐related complications were reduced from 51% to 33%. Preterm infants survived for more days (p < 0.01) during the neonatal period, but overall in‐hospital neonatal mortality was unchanged (p = 0.46) after training. The survival rates linked to complications of infection, congenital anomalies and other causes were unaffected by the intervention.ConclusionThe continuum of postnatal care for newborn infants needs to be strengthened after Helping Babies Breathe training, to maintain the gains in neonatal survival on the day of delivery. Additional interventions in the postnatal period are therefore required to increase neonatal survival at facilities in low‐income settings.
Hypoxaemia and septic shock were independent risk factors for mechanical ventilation in Bangladeshi children hospitalised for diarrhoea
Authors: Chisti Mohammod Jobayer , Shahunja KM , Afroze Farzana , Shahid Abu S.M.S.B. , Sharifuzzaman  , Ahmed Tahmeed 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimIn Bangladesh, approximately 6% of children under five years of age die due to diarrhoea. We evaluated the admission and hospitalisation risk factors for mechanical ventilation and outcomes in children with diarrhoea.MethodsThis retrospective case–control chart analysis was conducted in the intensive care unit of Dhaka Hospital of International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh. We enrolled 219 children with diarrhoea aged 0–59 months between August 2009 and July 2013. The 73 cases were children who were initially identified as requiring mechanical ventilation during the study period, and the 146 controls were randomly selected from those who did not require mechanical ventilation. We compared the groups to determine the risk factors for mechanical ventilation.ResultsMortality was significantly higher among the cases than the controls (p < 0.001). In the logistic regression analysis carried out for two separate time points, the independent risk factors for mechanical ventilation on admission were hypoxaemia (p < 0.001) and septic shock (p = 0.004) and during hospitalisation, they were intake of intravenous fluid (p = 0.015), hypokalaemia (p = 0.018), hyperkalaemia (p = 0.005) and septic shock (p = 0.001).ConclusionChildren under five with diarrhoea who required mechanical ventilation frequently had hypoxaemia and septic shock and were more likely to die than unventilated controls.
Late preterm birth has direct and indirect effects on infant gut microbiota development during the first six months of life
Authors: Forsgren M , Isolauri E , Salminen S , Rautava S 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAimPreterm infants display aberrant gut microbial colonisation. We investigated whether the differences in gut microbiota between late preterm and full‐term infants results from prematurity or external exposures.MethodsThis study comprised 43 late preterm infants (340/7–366/7) and 75 full‐term infants based on faecal samples collected following birth and at two to four weeks and six months of age. We assessed clinically relevant bacteria using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression analyses were performed to determine whether the observed differences in gut microbiota were attributable to prematurity or perinatal exposure.ResultsThe prevalence of bifidobacteria differed in the intestinal microbiota of the full‐term and late preterm neonates. Differences in the presence of specific species were detected at the age of six months, although the microbiota alterations were most prominent following delivery. As well as prematurity, the mode of birth, intrapartum and neonatal antibiotic exposure, and the duration of breastfeeding had an additional impact on gut microbiota development.ConclusionThe gut microbiota composition was significantly different between late preterm and full‐term infants at least six months after birth. Antibiotic exposure was common in late preterm infants and modulated gut colonisation, but preterm birth also affected gut microbiota development independently.
Validation of an informant‐based cognitive screening tool for Parkinson disease
Authors: Chee Kok‐Yoon , Ong Kheng‐Yee , Mak Chin‐Yeat , Yacob Sapini , Yeo Shen‐Cheng , Thrichelam Nathisha , Amarnath Deepa Darshini , Thong Kai‐Shin , Moey Chee‐Hoong , Ponusamy Thanam , Viswanathan Shanthi , Puvanarajah Santhi 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIntroductionThe objective of this study was to establish the psychometric properties of the AD8 Dementia Screening Interview in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) with or without cognitive impairment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Tool (MoCA) for comparison.MethodsThe AD8 was translated into Malay for Malay‐speaking participants. A correlation analysis and a receiver operator characteristic curve were generated to establish the psychometric properties of the AD8 in relation to the MoCA.ResultsOne hundred fifty patients and their caretakers completed the AD8 and MoCA. Using a cutoff score of 1/8, the AD8 had 81% sensitivity and 59% specificity for the detection of cognitive impairment in PD. With a cutoff score of 2/8, the AD8 had 83% specificity and 64% sensitivity. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve was 80%, indicating good‐to‐excellent discriminative ability.DiscussionThese findings suggest that the AD8 can reliably differentiate between cognitively impaired and cognitively normal patients with PD and is a useful caregiver screening tool for PD.
Letter: how to define remission in ulcerative colitis – histological remission should be considered
Authors: Kilincalp S. , Ustun Y. , Şimşek Z. 
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Angelison et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.14003 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13983.
Letter: NICE referral criteria for lower gastrointestinal alarm features – not ideal but not poor either. Authors' reply
Authors: Simpkins S. J. , Pintos‐Sanchez M. I. , Moayyedi P. , Bercik P. , Morgan D. G. , Bolino C. , Ford A. C. 
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Min et al and Simpkins et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13989 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13846.
Editorial: co‐existing immune‐mediated disease in inflammatory bowel diseases – a new disease severity indicator? Author's reply
Authors: Ananthakrishnan A. N. 
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Vegh et al and Conway et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13987 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13940.
Letter: sustained virological response and liver healing – authors' reply
Authors: Mandorfer M. , Schwabl P. , Peck‐Radosavljevic M. , Reiberger T. ,   the Vienna HIV & Liver Study Group and the Vienna Hepatic Hemodynamic Lab
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Rossotti et al and Schwabl et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13982 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13844.
Letter: how to define remission in ulcerative colitis – histological remission should be considered. Authors' reply
Authors: Angelison L , Marsal J. , Hertervig E. 
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Kilincalp et al and Angelison et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13993 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13983.
Letter: dose optimising infliximab in acute severe ulcerative colitis – authors' reply
Authors: Jairath V. , Casteele N. V. , Hindryckx P. 
Published: March 2017

Linked ContentThis article is linked to Choy and De Cruz and Hindryckx et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13980 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13913.