bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Linear and Cyclic Carbohydrate Receptors Based on Peptides Modified with Boronic Acids
Authors: Otremba Tobias , Ravoo Bart Jan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this article we report the synthesis of boronic acid functionalized fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) protected amino acids and their use in solid phase peptide synthesis to synthesize tripeptides with the motif Cys‐X–Cys (X=boronic acid functionalized amino acid). The interaction of these peptides with a set of carbohydrates in aqueous solution was studied by using a competitive indicator displacement assay as well as by isothermal titration calorimetry. We determined carbohydrate binding constants ranging from 2 x 101 M−1 up to 3 x 103 M−1 from these measurements. Moreover, the formation of cyclic hexapeptides was accomplished by oxidation of the thiols of the Cys to disulfides and the interactions between these cyclic receptors and carbohydrates were studied by using a competitive indicator displacement assay and isothermal titration calorimetry. The binding constants observed for these cyclic receptors are similar to the linear receptors.
Structural and Spectroscopic Properties of New Chiral Quinoline‐based Ln(III) Complexes
Authors: Mihorianu Monica , Leonzio Marco , Monari Magda , Ravotto Luca , Ceroni Paola , Bettinelli Marco , Piccinelli Fabio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe synthesis, the structural characterization and the luminescence spectroscopy of new Ln(III) nitrate complexes (Ln = La, Eu, Gd, Tb and Lu) with the quinoline‐based N, N’‐bis(2‐quinolylmethylidene)‐ 1,2‐(R,R+S,S)‐cyclohexanediamine, L1 and N, N’‐bis(2‐quinolylmethyl)‐ 1,2‐(R,R+S,S)‐cyclohexanediamine, L2 are presented. All the L1Ln(NO3)3 complexes and L2Ln(NO3)3 with Ln= La, Eu and Tb are isostructural. Metal ions such as La(III), Gd(III) and Lu(III) are able to promote intra‐ligand (IL) fluorescence from L1 and L2. Gd(III) and Lu(III) in addition, are also able to stimulate IL phosphorescence at room temperature from the L2 ligand, by means of “paramagnetic effect” and/or “heavy‐atom effect”. Both ligands are able to sensitize the typical f‐f Eu(III) luminescence and only L2 the one of Tb(III) (green emission). The Eu(III) emission features for both complexes [L1Eu(NO3)3 and L2Eu(NO3)3] are in agreement with their structural properties. All the complexes under investigation reveal promising application in the field of luminescent devices and biomedicine. In particular, excitation at 360 nm, in the case of L1‐based complexes, enable the use of glass optics and minimize interfering excitation by chromophores in biological media.
Advances in Gold Catalysis and Understanding the Catalytic Mechanism
Authors: Ishida Tamao , Koga Hiroaki , Okumura Mitsutaka , Haruta Masatake 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWhen gold is deposited as nanoparticles (NPs) with mean diameters of 2–5 nm or clusters with mean diameters below 2 nm onto a variety of supports such as metal oxides, carbons, polymers, etc., the supported Au NPs exhibit unique catalytic properties, while bulk Au is almost inert as a catalyst. A lot of research works indicate that the key factors of the catalysis by supported Au NPs are the selection of the supports, the control of the Au NP size, the shape of the Au NPs, and the strong junction between Au NPs and the supports, because the perimeter zone around Au NPs acts as the active site for many reactions. In order to elucidate the origin of catalysis by supported Au NPs, the interplay between physicochemical analysis, computational studies, and rational experiments for catalysis by supported Au NPs is becoming more and more important. This article summarizes our experiences and progress in such interplay.
Secure content delivery over device‐to‐device communications underlaying cellular networks
Authors: Zhang Aiqing , Wang Lei , Ye Xinrong , Zhou Liang 
Published: June 2016

AbstracdtContent delivery via device‐to‐device (D2D) communications is a promising technology for offloading the heavy traffic for future mobile communication networks. As security is a critical concern for the users, we focus on improving the secrecy capacity for content dissemination in D2D communications. In this work, we explore the inherent characteristics of wireless channels to prevent eavesdropping. Firstly, we propose a power control scheme to obtain the optimal transmission powers for the D2D links without violating secrecy requirement of cellular users. Then, we formulate the problem as a stochastic optimization problem, aiming at maximizing the secrecy capacity gain of D2D communications. By solving the expected value model for the stochastic optimization problem, the optimal D2D links are selected to realize maximal ergodic secrecy capacity gain. Specifically, a weighted conflict graph is formulated according to the protocol model. Thus, the optimization problem has been transformed to the maximum weighted independent set problem, which is solved by a greedy weighted minimum degree algorithm. Simulation results demonstrate that the content dissemination scheme with power control can bring high secrecy capacity gain to the network. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles as photoacoustic molecular imaging probes
Authors: Cui Liyang , Rao Jianghong 
Published: June 2016

As an emerging class of optical nanomaterials, semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) are highly photostable, optically active and versatile in chemistry; these properties make them attractive as molecular imaging agents to enable imaging of biological events and functionalities at multiple scales. More recently, a variety of SPNs have been found to exhibit high photoacoustic properties, and further empowered photoacoustic imaging for contrast enhanced in vivo molecular imaging. Target‐sensitive components can be incorporated in the SPNs to create activatable imaging probes to sense and monitor the target dynamics in living objects. Intrinsically biophotonic and biocompatible, SPNs can be further engineered for multimodal imaging and for real‐time imaging of drug delivery. WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1418. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1418This article is categorized under:

Diagnostic Tools > In Vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging
Usefulness of Canadian Public Health Insurance Administrative Databases to Assess Breast and Ovarian Cancer Screening Imaging Technologies for BRCA1/2 Mutation Carriers
Authors: Larouche Geneviève , Chiquette Jocelyne , Plante Marie , Pelletier Sylvie , Simard Jacques , Dorval Michel 
Published: June 2016

Purpose In Canada, recommendations for clinical management of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer among individuals carrying a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation have been available since 2007. Eight years later, very little is known about the uptake of screening and risk-reduction measures in this population. Because Canada's public health care system falls under provincial jurisdictions, using provincial health care administrative databases appears a valuable option to assess management of BRCA1/2 mutation carriers. The objective was to explore the usefulness of public health insurance administrative databases in British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec to assess management after BRCA1/2 genetic testing. Methods Official public health insurance documents were considered potentially useful if they had specific procedure codes, and pertained to procedures performed in the public and private health care systems. Results All 3 administrative databases have specific procedures codes for mammography and breast ultrasounds. Only Quebec and Ontario have a specific procedure code for breast magnetic resonance imaging. It is impossible to assess, on an individual basis, the frequency of others screening exams, with the exception of CA-125 testing in British Columbia. Screenings done in private practice are excluded from the administrative databases unless covered by special agreements for reimbursement, such as all breast imaging exams in Ontario and mammograms in British Columbia and Quebec. There are no specific procedure codes for risk-reduction surgeries for breast and ovarian cancer. Conclusion Population-based assessment of breast and ovarian cancer risk management strategies other than mammographic screening, using only administrative data, is currently challenging in the 3 Canadian provinces studied.
Maternal obesity leads to increased proliferation and numbers of astrocytes in the developing fetal and neonatal mouse hypothalamus
Authors: Kim Dong Won , Glendining Kelly A. , Grattan David R. , Jasoni Christine L. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractMaternal obesity during pregnancy is associated with chronic maternal, placental, and fetal inflammation; and it elevates the risk for offspring obesity. Changes in the development of the hypothalamus, a brain region that regulates body weight and energy balance, are emerging as important determinants of offspring risk, but such changes are only beginning to be defined. Here we focused on the hypothesis that the pathological exposure of developing hypothalamic astrocytes to cytokines would alter their development.A maternal high‐fat diet (mHFD) mouse model was used to investigate changes in hypothalamic astrocytes in the fetus during late gestation and in early neonates by using immunochemistry, confocal microscopy, and qPCR.The number of astrocytes and the proportion of proliferating astrocytes was significantly higher in the arcuate nucleus (ARC) and the supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus at both ages compared to control offspring from normal weight pregnancies. Supplemental to this we found that cultured fetal hypothalamic astrocytes proliferated significantly in response to IL6 (10 ng/ml), one of the cytokines significantly elevated in fetuses of obese dams, via the JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.Thus, maternal obesity during pregnancy stimulated the proliferation and thereby increased numbers of astrocytes in the fetal as well as early neonatal hypothalamus, which may be driven, during fetal life, by IL6.
Low digestive hemorrhage caused by a vascular malformation in a patient with Crohn's disease: case report and literature review
Authors: Santos Carlos Henrique Marques dos , Stefanello José Valério Librelotto , Carvalho Yuri Maciel , Senefonte Flávio Renato de Almeida 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe authors report the case of a 19-year-old male patient with Crohn's disease treated with infliximab and azathioprine, with sustained clinical remission; in the course of the evolution, this patient showed a vascular malformation in his rectum, with daily massive bleeding, in need of several blood transfusions and finally with an indication for surgical treatment. Data from the literature on the association of the injury at issue and CD, as well as the drugs used by the patient, are evaluated. The literature lacks information linking this malformation with CD or with the drugs used.
Augmentation enterocystoplasty without reimplantation for patients with neurogenic bladder and vesicoureteral reflux
Authors: Zhang Han‐Chao , Yang Jin , Ye Xin , Hu Hai‐Feng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe objective of this study was to assess the clinical outcome of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) after augmentation cystoplasty alone in patients with a hypocompliant neurogenic bladder. Between January 2009 and December 2014, 29 patients with a hypocompliant bladder associated with VUR confirmed by videourodynamics (VUD) preoperatively were recruited in this study. All patients had undergone bladder augmentation with a generous detubularized segment of bowel at our institution. No effort had been made to correct the existing reflux. Preoperative assessment included urinalysis, kidney function tests, ultrasonography, and videourodynamic evaluation. All patients had various degrees of VUR. The status of VUR and bladder function were studied by VUD. The mean follow‐up period was 2.2 years (range 0.5–5.5 years). The VUD manifested a significant improvement of bladder capacity, diminution of intravesical pressure, and resolution of reflux after bladder augmentation. After the surgery, 24/29 (83%) no longer had reflux, 3/29 (10%) showed improvement in reflux, and 2/29 (7%) demonstrated no change in reflux. In addition, 16/21 (76%) patients had reflux Grades I‐III; 100% patients with reflux Grades IV and V had complete cessation of reflux. Only one patient had symptomatic urinary infection after the surgery. Augmentation enterocystoplasty without ureteral reimplantation is thus effective and adequate for patients with high‐pressure and hypocompliant neurogenic bladder. Therefore, ureteral reimplantation is not necessary when augmentation enterocystoplasty is recommended for patients with high‐pressure, low‐compliant bladder and VUR.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor regulates repair of ultraviolet B‐induced DNA damage in human keratinocytes in vivo
Authors: Loesch Mathew M. , Collier Ann E. , Southern David H. , Ward Rachel E. , Tholpady Sunil S. , Lewis Davina A. , Travers Jeffrey B. , Spandau Dan F. 
Published: June 2016

The activation status of the insulin‐like growth factor‐1 receptor (IGF‐1R) regulates the cellular response of keratinocytes to ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure, both in vitro and in vivo. Geriatric skin is deficient in IGF‐1 expression resulting in an aberrant IGF‐1R‐dependent UVB response which contributes to the development of aging‐associated squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore, our lab and others have reported that geriatric keratinocytes repair UVB‐induced DNA damage less efficiently than young adult keratinocytes. Here, we show that IGF‐1R activation influences DNA damage repair in UVB‐irradiated keratinocytes. Specifically, in the absence of IGF‐1R activation, the rate of DNA damage repair following UVB‐irradiation was significantly slowed (using immortalized human keratinocytes) or inhibited (using primary human keratinocytes). Furthermore, inhibition of IGF‐1R activity in human skin, using either ex vivo explant cultures or in vivo xenograft models, suppressed DNA damage repair. Primary keratinocytes with an inactivated IGF‐1R also exhibited lower steady‐state levels of nucleotide excision repair mRNAs. These results suggest that deficient UVB‐induced DNA repair in geriatric keratinocytes is due in part to silenced IGF‐1R activation in geriatric skin and provide a mechanism for how the IGF‐1 pathway plays a role in the initiation of squamous cell carcinoma in geriatric patients.
Window of Opportunity for New Disease Surveillance: Developing Keyword Lists for Monitoring Mental Health and Injury Through Syndromic Surveillance
Authors: Lauper Ursula , Chen Jian-Hua , Lin Shao 
Published: June 2016

AbstractStudies have documented the impact that hurricanes have on mental health and injury rates before, during, and after the event. Since timely tracking of these disease patterns is crucial to disaster planning, response, and recovery, syndromic surveillance keyword filters were developed by the New York State Department of Health to study the short- and long-term impacts of Hurricane Sandy. Emergency department syndromic surveillance is recognized as a valuable tool for informing public health activities during and immediately following a disaster. Data typically consist of daily visit reports from hospital emergency departments (EDs) of basic patient data and free-text chief complaints. To develop keyword lists, comparisons were made with existing CDC categories and then integrated with lists from the New York City and New Jersey health departments in a collaborative effort. Two comprehensive lists were developed, each containing multiple subcategories and over 100 keywords for both mental health and injury. The data classifiers using these keywords were used to assess impacts of Sandy on mental health and injuries in New York State. The lists will be validated by comparing the ED chief complaint keyword with the final ICD diagnosis code. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2017;11:173–178)
Marine and anthropogenic controls on the estuary of the Suriname River over the past 50 years
Authors: Gersie K. , Augustinus P.G.E.F. , Van Balen R.T. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractHumans have played an important role in fluvial systems because of the impact of their land-use activities, frequently leading to degradation of environmental conditions. Rivers, which are the primary agents in sediment transport, have thus been subject to changes in sediment fluxes. The Suriname River has been affected by anthropogenic activities since colonial times, and has experienced strong discharge and sediment-load changes since the construction of the Afobaka Dam in 1964. The river's estuary sediments largely consist of fine-grained sediments, originating, ultimately, from the Amazon River and transported by the strong tidal current. The influence of this tidal current is diminished at the head of the estuary, allowing the river flow to become dominant. Also remarkable is the interaction of the Suriname River and the westward-migrating mudbanks which is evident in the changing magnitude and volume of Braamspunt, a mudcape located at the mouth of the estuary. The regulated discharge of the river results in a change of the river's morphology, resulting, among other things, in the growth of river bars.
Tectonic evolution and stress pattern of South Wagad Fault at the Kachchh Rift Basin in western India
Authors: KOTHYARI G. C. , DUMKA R. K. , SINGH A. P. , CHAUHAN G. , THAKKAR M. G. , BISWAS S. K. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe describe a study of the E–W-trending South Wagad Fault (SWF) complex at the eastern part of the Kachchh Rift Basin (KRB) in Western India. This basin was filled during Late Cretaceous time, and is presently undergoing tectonic inversion. During the late stage of the inversion cycle, all the principal rift faults were reactivated as transpressional strike-slip faults. The SWF complex shows wrench geometry of an anastomosing en échelon fault, where contractional and extensional segments and offsets alternate along the Principal Deformation Zone (PDZ). Geometric analysis of different segments of the SWF shows that several conjugate faults, which are a combination of R synthetic and R’ antithetic, propagate at a short distance along the PDZ and interact, generating significant fault slip partitioning. Surface morphology of the fault zone revealed three deformation zones: a 500 m to 1 km wide single fault zone; a 5–6 km wide double fault zone; and a c. 500 m wide diffuse fault zone. The single fault zone is represented by a higher stress accumulation which is located close to the epicentre of the 2001 Bhuj earthquake of Mw 7.7. The double fault zone represents moderate stress at releasing bends bounded by two fault branches. The diffuse fault zone represents a low-stress zone where several fault branches join together. Our findings are well corroborated with the available geological and seismological data.
Parasites as bioindicators of environmental degradation in Latin America: A meta-analysis
Authors: Vidal-Martínez V.M. , Wunderlich A.C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractUnregulated economic growth in Latin America has resulted in environmental degradation, including the release of toxic compounds into the environment. One strategy to understand and prevent the outcomes of this harmful environmental degradation is the use of bioindicators. These are free-living or parasite species that respond to habitat alterations with changes in their numbers, physiology or chemical composition. The aim of this review was to determine whether there is evidence of a significant parasite response to environmental damage in Latin America. We collected 26 papers published between 2003 and 2015 and conducted a meta-analysis to test the null hypothesis that there is no significant overall effect of environmental insults on parasites. The meta-analysis showed a low but still significant negative mean overall effect (Hedges’ g = −0.221; 95% CI: −0.241 to −0.200;P< 0.0001). However, the magnitudes and directions of the significant effects varied widely. These results suggest that different groups of parasites have distinct responses to various environmental insults and that the groups should be separately analysed after the accumulation of a sufficient number of studies. For future studies on this topic in Latin America, we suggest: (1) using field and experimental approaches to determine the response of parasites to environmental degradation; (2) using an interdisciplinary approach, including different types of biomarkers in both parasites and individual hosts to generate long-term datasets in polluted and reference areas; (3) conducting studies on parasites as accumulation bioindicators.
Gender and laterality in semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome
Authors: Karimnejad K , Czerny M S , Lookabaugh S , Lee D J , Mikulec A A 
Published: June 2016

AbstractObjective:To determine if there is gender or laterality predilection in patients with semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome.Methods:A multi-institutional chart review was performed to identify patients diagnosed with semicircular canal dehiscence between 2000 and 2015. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed to further identify patients with semicircular canal dehiscence. Age, gender and laterality data were collected. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate for gender or laterality preponderance.Results:A total of 682 patients with semicircular canal dehiscence were identified by literature and chart review. Mean age of diagnosis was 49.75 years (standard deviation = 15.33). Semicircular canal dehiscence was associated with a statistically significant female predominance (chi-square = 7.185,p= 0.007); the female-to-male ratio was 1.2 to 1. Left-sided semicircular canal dehiscence was most common, followed by right-sided then bilateral (chi-square = 23.457,p< 0.001).Conclusion:Semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome is most commonly left-sided and exhibits a female predominance. This may be secondary to morphological cerebral hemisphere asymmetries in both sexes and a predilection of women to seek more medical care than men.
A prospective study of pre-trauma risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder and depression
Authors: Wild J. , Smith K. V. , Thompson E. , Béar F. , Lommen M. J. J. , Ehlers A. 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundIt is unclear which potentially modifiable risk factors best predict post-trauma psychiatric disorders. We aimed to identify pre-trauma risk factors for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or major depression (MD) that could be targeted with resilience interventions.MethodNewly recruited paramedics (n = 453) were assessed for history of mental disorders with structured clinical interviews within the first week of their paramedic training and completed self-report measures to assess hypothesized predictors. Participants were assessed every 4 months for 2 years to identify any episodes of PTSD and MD; 386 paramedics (85.2%) participated in the follow-up interviews.ResultsIn all, 32 participants (8.3%) developed an episode of PTSD and 41 (10.6%) an episode of MD during follow-up. In all but nine cases (2.3%), episodes had remitted by the next assessment 4 months later. At 2 years, those with episodes of PTSD or MD during follow-up reported more days off work, poorer sleep, poorer quality of life, greater burn-out; and greater weight-gain for those with PTSD. In line with theories of PTSD and depression, analyses controlling for psychiatric and trauma history identified several pre-trauma predictors (cognitive styles, coping styles and psychological traits). Logistic regressions showed that rumination about memories of stressful events at the start of training uniquely predicted an episode of PTSD. Perceived resilience uniquely predicted an episode of MD.ConclusionsParticipants at risk of developing episodes of PTSD or depression could be identified within the first week of paramedic training. Cognitive predictors of episodes of PTSD and MD are promising targets for resilience interventions.