bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L1157-B1, a factory of complex organic molecules in a solar-type star-forming region
Authors: Lefloch Bertrand , Ceccarelli C. , Codella C. , Favre C. , Podio L. , Vastel C. , Viti S. , Bachiller R. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
We report on a systematic search for oxygen-bearing complex organic molecules (COMs) in the solar-like protostellar shock region L1157-B1, as part of the IRAM Large Program ‘Astrochemical Surveys At IRAM’. Several COMs are unambiguously detected, some for the first time, such as ketene H2CCO, dimethyl ether (CH3OCH3) and glycolaldehyde (HCOCH2OH), and others firmly confirmed, such as formic acid (HCOOH) and ethanol (C2H5OH). Thanks to the high sensitivity of the observations and full coverage of the 1, 2 and 3 mm wavelength bands, we detected numerous (∼10–125) lines from each of the detected species. Based on a simple rotational diagram analysis, we derive the excitation conditions and the column densities of the detected COMs. Combining our new results with those previously obtained towards other protostellar objects, we found a good correlation between ethanol, methanol and glycolaldehyde. We discuss the implications of these results on the possible formation routes of ethanol and glycolaldehyde.
Safety and Efficacy of a Novel, Self-Adhering Dural Substitute in a Canine Supratentorial Durotomy Model
Authors: Lewis Kevin M , Sweet Jenifer , Wilson Scott T , Rousselle Serge , Gulle Heinz , Baumgartner Bernhard 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks increase postoperative risk for complication, likelihood of reoperation, and costs.

OBJECTIVE
To investigate a novel, self-adhering polyethylene glycol-coated collagen pad (PCC) as a dural substitute relative to Duragen XS (DGX; Integra LifeSciences Corporation, Plainsboro, New Jersey) and as a dural sealant relative to Tachosil (Takeda Austria GmbH, Linz, Austria), a fibrinogen and thrombin-coated collagen pad (FTC).

METHODS
A canine supratentorial durotomy surgical model was used to investigate the safety and efficacy of PCC. For safety, 4 animals were bilaterally treated with DGX or PCC and recovered for 1, 8, or 16 wk; total 24 animals. Each animal underwent physical and neurological examinations weekly and 16-wk animals underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination at each time point. For efficacy, 9 animals were unilaterally treated with FTC or PCC and underwent a burst pressure test intraoperatively or 14 d postoperatively; total 36 animals.

RESULTS
In the safety study, no abnormal clinical signs or changes were noted on physical and neurological examinations, or in clinical pathology, CSF analysis or histopathology of DGX or PCC-treated animals. No consistent signs of cerebral compression, CSF leak, hemorrhage, or hydrocephalus were noted on MRI. In the efficacy study, no significant difference was found between FTC and PCC at each time point or overall (13.9 vs 12.3 mm Hg, n = 18 per group, P = .46).

CONCLUSION
PCC is safe for use as a dural substitute and effective as a dural sealant. The novel, self-adhering combination of a polyethylene glycol-based sealant and a collagen pad may offer unique benefits to the advancement of duraplasty.
Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Prevention Strategies: A Video Technique Guide
Authors: Safaee Michael M. , Osorio Joseph A. , Verma Kushagra , Bess Shay , Shaffrey Christopher I. , Smith Justin S. , Hart Robert , Deviren Vedat , Ames Christopher P. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) is a well-recognized complication in patients undergoing posterior instrumented fusion procedures for adult spinal deformity. Strategies that reduce rates of PJK have the potential to improve the safety of these operations and decrease cost by eliminating the need for revision surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To present a set of surgical techniques that can decrease rates of PJK in adults undergoing surgery for spinal deformity.

METHODS: We summarize the use of vertebroplasty, transverse process hooks, terminal rod contouring, and ligament augmentation as means to reduce rates of PJK.

RESULTS: We present PJK prevention strategies and a video technique guide that are safe, technically feasible, and add minimal operative time to these surgical procedures. When applied to appropriate high-risk patients, these techniques have the potential to dramatically reduce rates of PJK, which improves quality of life and decreases the cost associated with this treating adult spinal deformity.

CONCLUSION: PJK prevention strategies represent a critical area for improvement in surgery for adult spinal deformity. We present a summary of techniques that are safe, feasible, and add minimal time to the overall procedure. These techniques warrant investigation in a thoughtful, prospective manner, but are supported by existing data and compelling biomechanical rationale. Our hope is that these strategies can be applied, particularly in high-risk patients, to help reduce rates of PJK.
An Expanded Conceptual Framework of Medical Students’ Primary Care Career Choice
Authors: Pfarrwaller Eva , Audétat Marie-Claude , Sommer Johanna , Maisonneuve Hubert , Bischoff Thomas , Nendaz Mathieu , Baroffio Anne , Junod Perron Noëlle , Haller Dagmar M. 
Published: April 2017

In many countries, the number of graduating medical students pursuing a primary care career does not meet demand. These countries face primary care physician shortages. Students’ career choices have been widely studied, yet many aspects of this process remain unclear. Conceptual models are useful to plan research and educational interventions in such complex systems.
The authors developed a framework of primary care career choice in undergraduate medical education, which expands on previously published models. They used a group-based, iterative approach to find the best way to represent the vast array of influences identified in previous studies, including in a recent systematic review of the literature on interventions to increase the proportion of students choosing a primary care career. In their framework, students enter medical school with their personal characteristics and initial interest in primary care. They complete a process of career decision making, which is subject to multiple interacting influences, both within and outside medical school, throughout their medical education. These influences are stratified into four systems—microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem—which represent different levels of interaction with students’ career choices.
This expanded framework provides an updated model to help understand the multiple factors that influence medical students’ career choices. It offers a guide for the development of new interventions to increase the proportion of students choosing primary care careers and for further research to better understand the variety of processes involved in this decision.
Extended-Release Injectable Naltrexone (XR-NTX) With Intensive Psychosocial Therapy for Amphetamine-Dependent Persons Seeking Treatment: A Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Runarsdottir Valgerdur , Hansdottir Ingunn , Tyrfingsson Thorarinn , Einarsson Magnus , Dugosh Karen , Royer-Malvestuto Charlotte , Pettinati Helen , Khalsa Jag , Woody George E. 
Published: April 2017

Objective:
Explore the efficacy of extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX) for preventing relapse to amphetamine use.

Method:
Clinical trial of 100 amphetamine-dependent, treatment-seeking patients who were randomized to 6 monthly 380 mg doses of XR-NTX or matching placebo before entering intensive outpatient after varying lengths of inpatient treatment in Reykjavik, Iceland. Weekly urine drug tests, retention, and standardized instruments assessed efficacy.

Results:
Of 169 approached, 100 were randomized. Although amphetamine dependence was the main reason for seeking treatment, three-quarters or more of participants had 1 or more other substance dependencies. Of 51 randomized to XR-NTX, 20 received 4 or more injections; of 49 assigned to placebo, 26 received 4 or more injections. Of the planned 2400 weekly urine drug tests, 1247 were collected (52%); 4% of these were positive for amphetamine, 8% for benzodiazepine, 7% for marijuana, 1% for cocaine, and 1% for opioid. XR-NTX had no effect on amphetamine-positive tests, retention, or other outcomes. Those providing half or more of their tests attended more weeks of treatment than those providing less than half of their tests (m = 10.76 vs 3.31; t (92) = 5.91, P < 0.0001), and 92 participants provided at least 1 test.

Conclusions:
Adding XR-NTX to the usual combination of inpatient and intensive outpatient treatment did not reduce amphetamine use. The low prevalence of substance use among collected urine samples, and the association between collected samples and weeks in treatment, was consistent with other studies showing that staying in treatment is associated with better outcomes.
Serum Markers of Necrotizing Enterocolitis: A Systematic Review
Authors: Terrin Gianluca , Stronati Laura , Cucchiara Salvatore , De Curtis Mario 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Objective:
The aim of the study was to systematically review the diagnostic utility of serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC).

Methods:
We conducted an electronic and manual search of the available evidence. We included studies reporting data on the diagnostic accuracy of “serum” biomarkers for the diagnosis of NEC, available until January 2016.

Results:
We selected 22 studies from the 1296 articles retrieved. Only S100 A8/A9 protein and apolipoprotein-CII showed high sensitivity (100% and 96.4%, respectively) and specificity (90% and 95%, respectively) in the studies using Bell stage II NEC as target condition. High sensitivity and specificity were reported for interleukin-10 (100% and 90%), interleukin1-receptor antagonist (100% and 91.7%), intestinal fatty acid–binding protein (100% and 91%) and ischemia-modified albumin (94.7% and 92%), when tested to predict the evolution from definite to advanced NEC. Given the amount of uncertainty, the limited availability of data and heterogeneity among the populations in the different studies, we were unable to perform a meta-analysis. Major concerns about the applicability stemmed from the spectrum of patients enrolled and the inclusion of diseases different from Bell stage ≥2 NEC as target conditions.

Conclusions:
We identified only few markers with good diagnostic accuracy and found an overall low quality of the studies on serum NEC biomarkers. In conclusion, data supporting their use are insufficient.
UNBIAS: An attempt to correct abundance bias in 16S sequencing, with limited success
Authors: Edgar Robert C. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractNext-generation amplicon sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA is widely used to survey microbial communities. Alpha and beta diversities of these communities are often quantified on the basis of OTU frequencies in the reads. Read abundances are biased by factors including 16S copy number and PCR primer mismatches which can cause the read abundance distribution to diverge substantially from the species abundance distribution. Using mock community tests with species abundances determined independently by shotgun sequencing, I find that 16S amplicon read frequencies have no meaningful correlation with species frequencies (Pearson coefficientrclose to zero). In addition, I show that that the Jaccard distance between the abundance distributions for reads of replicate samples, which ideally would be zero, is typically ~0.15 with values up to 0.71 for replicates sequenced in different runs. Using simulated communities, I estimate that the average rank of a dominant species in the reads is 3. I describe UNBIAS, a method that attempts to correct for abundance bias due to gene copy number and primer mismatches. I show that UNBIAS can achieve informative, but still poor, correlations (r~0.6) between estimated and true abundances in the idealized case of mock samples where species are well known. However,rfalls to ~0.4 when the closest reference species have 97% identity and to ~0.2 at 95% identity. This degradation is mostly explained by the increased difficulty in predicting 16S copy number when OTUs have lower similarity with the reference database, as will typically be the case in practice. 16S abundance bias therefore remains an unsolved problem, calling into question the naive use of alpha and beta diversity metrics based on frequency distributions.
Volatility cones and volatility arbitrage strategies – empirical study based on SSE ETF option
Authors: Pan Hong Yu Xin , Song Jun 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
Using volatility cones as the estimate of actual volatility instead of GARCH models, the purpose of this paper is to explore whether volatility arbitrage strategy can provide positive profits and how the transaction costs existed in the real market affect the effectiveness of volatility arbitrage strategy.

Design/methodology/approach
A number of hedging approaches proposed to improve the hedging results and final returns of Black-Scholes model are analyzed and compared.

Findings
The general finding is that volatility arbitrage strategy can provide satisfactory returns based on the samples in Chinese market. Regarding transaction costs, the variable bandwidth delta and delta tolerance approach showed better results. Besides, choosing futures together with ETFs as hedging underlying can increase the VaR for better risk management.

Practical implications
This paper offers a new method for volatility arbitrage in Chinese financial market.

Originality/value
This paper researches the profitability of the volatility arbitrage strategy on ETF 50 options using volatility cones method for the first time. This method has advantage over the point-wise estimation such as GARCH model and stochastic volatility model.
An exploration of how research can aid the development of facilities management
Authors: Campbell Lucy Zarina 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to explore traditional FM research and potential trends.

Design/methodology/approach
This was an exploratory review of literature.

Findings
The main thrust of the argument in this paper is that FM research develops a more communicable and proven understanding of how to apply a wide spectrum of externally developed methods in unique FM settings as well as developing new methods. Second, a more robust FM knowledge base can inform designers, engineers and architects given that FMs are experts of design in use.

Research limitations/implications
This research focused on the UK, Europe, America and Australia. It does not represent a comprehensive/systematic review of the research activities occurring in FM globally.

Practical implications
Research traditionally focuses on hard FM; in contrast, FM outcomes are heavily dependent on the way end users interact with and use organisational services and equipment. This suggests that there is a gap between practice and research, and that intuitive and in-depth FM knowledge about end users has yet to be captured and formalised through research.

Social implications
Development of FM research requires uptake of contemporary research trends towards partnered research, working across disciplines.

Originality/value
Achieving a more robust FM knowledge base would help capture the wealth of knowledge that FMs have about buildings in use; this could then be used by FMs and also by designers to improve their products and services in disciplines like engineering and architecture.
A comprehensive hierarchical model of retail banking
Authors: Bakar Juhaida Abu , Clemes Michael Daniel , Bicknell Kathryn 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a comprehensive hierarchical model of behavioural intentions in the Malaysian retail banking industry.

Design/methodology/approach
The data were analysed using EFA, CFA and structural modelling.

Findings
The findings illustrate that customer satisfaction is the most important determinant of behavioural intentions, followed by switching costs, corporate image and perceived value. Service quality is indirectly related to behavioural intentions and customer satisfaction mediates the relationship between the two constructs. Customer satisfaction is strongly influenced by service quality, corporate image and perceived value. Service quality is also an antecedent of perceived value, corporate image and switching costs. The empirical results also support a hierarchical and multidimensional approach for conceptualising and measuring customers’ perceptions of service quality.

Research limitations/implications
The comprehensive hierarchical model developed in this research can be used as framework for additional studies on the banking industry.

Practical implications
The findings provide Malaysian bank managers with empirically-based insights into behavioural intentions and offer guidelines for assessing and improving service quality.

Originality/value
This is the first study that uses comprehensive hierarchical modelling to synthesise the effects of service quality, customer satisfaction, perceived value, corporate image and switching costs on the behavioural intentions of retail bank customers.
Use of QR code and Layar app for academic library services
Authors: Kharat Santosh Abaji , Panage Bhausaheb M. , Nagarkar Shubhada 
Published: April 2017

Purpose
This study completed action research in the library. The purpose of this study is to increase awareness of the QR code and the Augmented Reality Application (ARA) among library users.

Design/methodology/approach
This is a technical review.

Findings
The researchers arranged tables in the library called “Scan Me” tables, and arranged academic books, journals and magazines with the QR code and the Layar material on a “scan me table”. The researchers designed one video using movie maker and other supporting software to provide guidelines on how to use the scan me table in the library. The researchers have shared this video among selected MBA libraries that have Wi-Fi and library software members.

Originality/value
This research also incorporates how to prepare virtual data and how they are linked with real data, how to give training to library staff to solve users’ queries and how to help them at the time of downloading the application or scanning material. Creating a better platform for this research required support from a library software design team as well as in-house technical or IT support staff for good maintenance of the library server, Wi-Fi equipment and so forth.
Connecting deliberative mini‐publics to representative decision making
Authors: SETÄLÄ MAIJA 
Published: April 2017

AbstractDespite some prominent critics, deliberative democrats tend to be optimistic about the potential of deliberative mini‐publics. However, the problem with current practices is that mini‐publics are typically used by officials on an ad hoc basis and that their policy impacts remain vague. Mini‐publics seem especially hard to integrate into representative decision making. There are a number of reasons for this, especially prevailing ideas of representation and accountability as well as the contestatory character of representative politics. This article argues that deliberative mini‐publics should be regarded as one possible way of improving the epistemic quality of representative decision making and explores different institutional designs through which deliberative mini‐publics could be better integrated into representative institutions. The article considers arrangements which institutionalise the use of mini‐publics; involve representatives in deliberations; motivate public interactions between mini‐publics and representatives; and provide opportunities to ex post scrutiny or suspensive veto powers for mini‐publics. The article analyses prospects and problems of these measures, and considers their applicability in different contexts of representative politics.
Questioning Reality, Questioning Science: Teaching Students in the Food and Agricultural Sciences about Epistemological, Ethical, and Empirical Controversies
Authors: Chiles Robert , Coupland John Neil 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe effective application of food science depends on social constraints, yet the training for food scientists does not adequately consider the contested social context under which food is processed, packaged, and prepared. We recently co‐taught a new course (“Arguing about food”) intended to introduce students to critical perspectives on the epistemological, ethical, and empirical assumptions that characterize contemporary food controversies. Through a series of guest lectures, readings, and discussions, students engaged with contrasting views on data quality, food ethics, nutrition, safety, governance, and the scientific enterprise as a whole. A key feature of the course was that we did not seek to defend any particular position. Rather, we examined how different values could lead reasonable people to take different views on scientific issues. Course requirements included a pass/fail quiz, a series of written reading responses, a group project devoted to a case study, and active attendance and participation. The students were engaged and challenged by the material, and at the end of the semester, reported that the course had also been useful and informative to them as young professionals embarking upon careers in the food and agricultural sciences.
Functional characterization of LotP from Liberibacter asiaticus
Authors: Loto Flavia , Coyle Janelle F. , Padgett Kaylie A. , Pagliai Fernando A. , Gardner Christopher L. , Lorca Graciela L. , Gonzalez Claudio F. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryLiberibacter asiaticus is an unculturable parasitic bacterium of the alphaproteobacteria group hosted by both citrus plants and a psyllid insect vector (Diaphorina citri). In the citrus tree, the bacteria thrive only inside the phloem, causing a systemically incurable and deadly plant disease named citrus greening or Huanglongbing. Currently, all commercial citrus cultivars in production are susceptible to L. asiaticus, representing a serious threat to the citrus industry worldwide. The technical inability to isolate and culture L. asiaticus has hindered progress in understanding the biology of this bacterium directly. Consequently, a deep understanding of the biological pathways involved in the regulation of host–pathogen interactions becomes critical to rationally design future and necessary strategies of control. In this work, we used surrogate strains to evaluate the biochemical characteristics and biological significance of CLIBASIA_03135. This gene, highly induced during early stages of plant infection, encodes a 23 kDa protein and was renamed in this work as LotP. This protein belongs to an uncharacterized family of proteins with an overall structure resembling the LON protease N‐terminus. Co‐immunoprecipitation assays allowed us to identify the Liberibacter chaperonin GroEL as the main LotP‐interacting protein. The specific interaction between LotP and GroEL was reconstructed and confirmed using a two‐hybrid system in Escherichia coli. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that LotP has a native molecular weight of 44 kDa, corresponding to a dimer in solution with ATPase activity in vitro. In Liberibacter crescens, LotP is strongly induced in response to conditions with high osmolarity but repressed at high temperatures. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) results suggest that LotP is a member of the LdtR regulon and could play an important role in tolerance to osmotic stress.