bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Beta‐band oscillations during passive listening to metronome sounds reflect improved timing representation after short‐term musical training in healthy older adults
Authors: Fujioka Takako , Ross Bernhard 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSub‐second time intervals in musical rhythms provide predictive cues about future events to performers and listeners through an internalized representation of timing. While the acuity of automatic, sub‐second timing as well as cognitively controlled, supra‐second timing declines with ageing, musical experts are less affected. This study investigated the influence of piano training on temporal processing abilities in older adults using behavioural and neuronal correlates. We hypothesized that neuroplastic changes in beta networks, caused by training in sensorimotor coordination with timing processing, can be assessed even in the absence of movement. Behavioural performance of internal timing stability was assessed with synchronization–continuation finger‐tapping paradigms. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) was recorded from older adults before and after one month of one‐on‐one training. For neural measures of automatic timing processing, we focused on beta oscillations (13–30 Hz) during passive listening to metronome beats. Periodic beta‐band modulations in older adults before training were similar to previous findings in young listeners at a beat interval of 800 ms. After training, behavioural performance for continuation tapping was improved and accompanied by an increased range of beat‐induced beta modulation, compared to participants who did not receive training. Beta changes were observed in the caudate, auditory, sensorimotor and premotor cortices, parietal lobe, cerebellum and medial prefrontal cortex, suggesting that increased resources are involved in timing processing and goal‐oriented monitoring as well as reward‐based sensorimotor learning.
Characterization of isolated amyloid myopathy
Authors: Liewluck T. , Milone M. 
Published: September 2017

Background and purposeAmyloid myopathy frequently occurs in the setting of systemic amyloidosis and less commonly in isolation (isolated amyloid myopathy). Anoctaminopathy‐5 and dysferlinopathy were recently recognized as causes of isolated amyloid myopathy. The present study aimed to characterize the isolated amyloid myopathy and to compare it with amyloid myopathy associated with systemic amyloidosis.MethodsWe searched the Muscle Laboratory database to identify patients with pathologically confirmed amyloid myopathy seen in neurology clinics between January 1998 and September 2016. Patients with monoclonal gammopathy, peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly or symptoms or pathologic evidence of amyloid deposition outside skeletal muscle were classified as having systemic amyloidosis‐associated myopathy.ResultsFifty‐two patients were identified, including 14 with isolated amyloid myopathy (eight anoctaminopathy‐5, two dysferlinopathy and four genetically unknown) and 38 with systemic amyloidosis (32 immunoglobulin light‐chain amyloidosis, four familial amyloid polyneuropathy and two senile systemic amyloidosis). Compared with patients with systemic amyloidosis, patients with isolated amyloid myopathy had a younger age of onset (median, 41.5 vs. 65 years), no dysphagia (0% vs. 26%) or weight loss (0% vs. 26%), but more frequent calf atrophy (57% vs. 0%), small collections of inflammatory cells on muscle biopsy (43% vs. 0%) and asymptomatic hyperCKemia at onset (21% vs. 0%). All patients with isolated amyloid myopathy had creatine kinase (CK) values >2.5 times the upper limit of normal.ConclusionsIsolated amyloid myopathy accounts for 27% of patients with amyloid myopathy, mostly due to anoctaminopathy‐5. There are various clinical and laboratory parameters that can help to differentiate isolated amyloid myopathy from systemic amyloidosis.
Intravenous thrombolysis for patients with in‐hospital stroke onset: propensity‐matched analysis from the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke‐East registry
Authors: Tsivgoulis G. , Katsanos A. H. , Kadlecová P. , Czlonkowska A. , Kobayashi A. , Brozman M. , Švigelj V. , Csiba L. , Fekete K. , Kõrv J. , Demarin V. , Vilionskis A. , Jatuzis D. , Krespi Y. , Karapanayiotides T. , Giannopoulos S. , Mikulik R. 
Published: September 2017

Background and purposeRecent cross‐sectional study data suggest that intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) in patients with in‐hospital stroke (IHS) onset is associated with unfavorable functional outcomes at hospital discharge and in‐hospital mortality compared to patients with out‐of‐hospital stroke (OHS) onset treated with IVT. We sought to compare outcomes between IVT‐treated patients with IHS and OHS by analysing propensity‐score‐matched data from the Safe Implementation of Treatments in Stroke‐East registry.MethodsWe compared the following outcomes for all propensity‐score‐matched patients: (i) symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage defined with the safe implementation of thrombolysis in stroke‐monitoring study criteria, (ii) favorable functional outcome defined as a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0–1 at 3 months, (iii) functional independence defined as an mRS score of 0–2 at 3 months and (iv) 3‐month mortality.ResultsOut of a total of 19 077 IVT‐treated patients with acute ischaemic stroke, 196 patients with IHS were matched to 5124 patients with OHS, with no differences in all baseline characteristics (P > 0.1). Patients with IHS had longer door‐to‐needle [90 (interquartile range, IQR, 60–140) vs. 65 (IQR, 47–95) min, P < 0.001] and door‐to‐imaging [40 (IQR, 20–90) vs. 24 (IQR, 15–35) min, P < 0.001] times compared with patients with OHS. No differences were detected in the rates of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (1.6% vs. 1.9%, P = 0.756), favorable functional outcome (46.4% vs. 42.3%, P = 0.257), functional independence (60.7% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.447) and mortality (14.3% vs. 15.1%, P = 0.764). The distribution of 3‐month mRS scores was similar in the two groups (P = 0.273).ConclusionsOur findings underline the safety and efficacy of IVT for IHS. They also underscore the potential of reducing in‐hospital delays for timely tissue plasminogen activator delivery in patients with IHS.
A novel missense mutation in AIFM1 results in axonal polyneuropathy and misassembly of OXPHOS complexes
Authors: Hu B. , Wang M. , Castoro R. , Simmons M. , Dortch R. , Yawn R. , Li J. 
Published: September 2017

Background and purposeApoptosis‐inducing factor mitochondrion‐associated‐1 (AIFM1) in mitochondria has captured a great deal of attention due to its well‐described function in apoptosis. Mutations in AIFM1 have resulted in multiple clinical phenotypes, including X‐linked Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 4. These syndromes usually involve multiple locations within the nervous system and/or multiple organs. This study describes a novel missense mutation in AIFM1 and its associated peripheral nerve disease.MethodsPatients with AIFM1 mutation were characterized clinically, electrophysiologically, genetically and by magnetic resonance imaging. The fibroblasts were isolated from the patients to study mitochondrial OXPHOS complexes.ResultsWe identified a family with a novel missense mutation (Phe210Leu) in AIFM1 who developed an isolated late‐onset axonal polyneuropathy in which the central nervous system and other organs were spared. Interestingly, this Phe210Leu mutation resulted in abnormal assembly of mitochondrial complex I and III, and failed to disrupt AIFM1 binding with mitochondrial intermembrane space import and assembly protein 40 (MIA40) in the patients’ cells. Deficiency of either AIFM1 or MIA40 is known to impair the assembly of mitochondrial complex I and IV. However, levels of both AIFM1 and MIA40 were unchanged.ConclusionsPhe210Leu mutation in AIFM1 induces an axonal polyneuropathy that might be contributed by the misassembly of mitochondrial complex I and III. This misassembly appears to be independent of the traditional mechanism via AIFM1/MIA40 deficiency.
CD8+ lineage dendritic cells determine adaptive immune responses to inflammasome activation upon sterile skin injury
Authors: Chakraborty Rituparna , Chandra Janin , Cui Shuai , Tolley Lynn , Cooper Matthew A. , Kendall Mark , Frazer Ian H. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe molecular links between sterile inflammation and induction of adaptive immunity have not been fully identified. Here, we examine how damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), as opposed to pathogen‐associated molecules (PAMPs), regulate the immune response to non–self‐antigens presented at the site of a physical injury. Heat applied briefly to the skin invokes sterile inflammation, characterized by local cell death and caspase‐1 activation without demonstrably disrupting skin integrity. Co‐delivery of ovalbumin (OVA) with heat injury induces OVA‐specific CD8+ T‐cell responses, and this is dependent on caspase‐1 activation and MyD88 signalling. Using Id2flox/flox‐CD11cCre+ mice, we demonstrate that CD8+ lineage DCs are required to induce OVA‐specific CD8+ T‐cell responses following heat injury. Consistent with this observation, intradermal administration of CD8+ lineage DCs but not CD11b+ lineage DCs restores priming of CD8+ T‐cell responses in Casp‐1−/− mice. Thus, we conclude that a sterile injury induces CD8+ T‐cell immune responses to local antigen through caspase‐1 activation and requires CD8+ lineage DCs, a finding of significance for immunotherapy and for the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.
House dust mite allergens Der f and Der p induce IL‐31 production by blood‐derived T cells from atopic dermatitis patients
Authors: Szegedi Krisztina , van Lier Amanda , Res Pieter C. , Chielie Saskia , Bos Jan D. , Kezic Sanja , Middelkamp‐Hup Maritza A. , Luiten Rosalie M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAero‐allergens, such as house dust mite (HDM), have been suggested to play a role in the initiation of atopic dermatitis (AD)‐related skin inflammation. Here, we analysed the proliferation and the cytokine expression of blood‐derived T cells from AD and healthy individuals upon HDM‐allergen stimulation. The proliferating cells from healthy individuals and AD patients had a significantly different, distinct cytokine profile: in AD blood, we found increased frequencies of HDM‐reactive IL‐31‐producing T cells, as well as a decreased Th1/Th2 and Tc1/Tc2 ratio, suggesting that allergen‐specific T cells in blood of chronic AD patients are subject to pre‐existent Th2‐Tc2 and “Th31‐Tc31” programming.
Evidence for a contributory role of a xenogeneic immune response in experimental epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Authors: Niebuhr Markus , Kasperkiewicz Michael , Maass Sebastian , Hauenschild Eva , Bieber Katja , Ludwig Ralf J. , Westermann Jürgen , Kalies Kathrin 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAutoimmune diseases affect a large fraction of the population in Western countries. To elucidate the underlying causes, autoantibody transfer‐induced mouse models have been established that greatly contributed to the understanding of the pathophysiology of these diseases. However, the role of a potentially co‐occurring murine xenogeneic immune response to commonly utilized rabbit anti‐mouse IgG remains poorly understood. Using the established rabbit anti‐mouse type VII collagen (COL7) IgG‐induced mouse model of the mucocutaneous blistering disorder epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), we found in this study a profound T‐ and B‐cell response along with an altered cytokine expression profile in draining lymph nodes of mice injected with the xenogeneic IgG. This was associated with the formation of circulating and skin‐bound mouse anti‐rabbit IgG in wild‐type but not CD154‐deficient or B‐cell‐deficient JHT mice challenged with pathogenic rabbit IgG. Development of EBA skin lesions was attenuated in the two mouse strains lacking a B‐cell response at later observation time points, but was not affected in mice treated with the T‐cell trafficking blocker FTY720. Collectively, our results implicate a host's xenoreactive immune response to rabbit anti‐mouse COL7 IgG, a confounding effect that may contribute to immune complex‐driven inflammation and tissue damage in this antibody transfer‐induced EBA mouse model, especially at later time points. In this regard, it may be recommended to finish the evaluation of results obtained by experiments employing antibody‐transferred mouse models within the first 2 weeks after the pathogenic antibody injection.
Human tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐1 improved wound healing in diabetes through its anti‐apoptotic effect
Authors: Lao Guojuan , Ren Meng , Wang Xiaoyi , Zhang Jinglu , Huang Yanrui , Liu Dan , Luo Hengcong , Yang Chuan , Yan Li 
Published: September 2017

AbstractImpaired wound healing accompanies severe cell apoptosis in diabetic patients. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases‐1 (TIMP‐1) was known to have effects on promoting growth and anti‐apoptosis for cells. We aimed to determine the actual levels of TIMP‐1 and cell apoptosis in: (i) the biopsies of diabetic and non‐diabetic foot tissue and (ii) the human fibroblasts with or without treatments of advanced glycation end‐products (AGEs). Next, we aimed to determine the improved levels of cell apoptosis and wound healing after the treatments of either active protein of TIMP‐1 or in vivo expression of gene therapy vector‐mediated TIMP‐1 in both the human fibroblasts and the animal model of diabetic rats. The levels of TIMP‐1 were significantly reduced in diabetic skin tissues and in AGEs‐treated fibroblasts. Both AGEs‐treated cells were effectively protected from apoptosis by active protein of TIMP‐1 at appropriate dose level. So did the induced in vivo TIMP‐1 expression after gene delivery. Similar effects were also found on the significant improvement of impaired wound healing in diabetic rats. We concluded that TIMP‐1 improved wound healing through its anti‐apoptotic effect. Treatments with either active protein TIMP‐1 or TIMP‐1 gene therapy delivered in local wound sites may be used as a strategy for accelerating diabetic wound healing.
Paracrine crosstalk between endothelial cells and melanocytes through clusterin to inhibit pigmentation
Authors: Kim Misun , Lee Jiun , Park Tae Jun , Kang Hee Young 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCutaneous vasculature systems play a role in regulating skin pigmentation. We analysed RNA sequencing data to identify novel antimelanogenic factors secreted from endothelial cells and found that one of the secreted factors, clusterin, is highly expressed by HDMECs. To investigate the paracrine effect of clusterin from HDMECs on the regulation of melanogenesis, HDMECs were infected with clusterin or sh‐clusterin lentivirus and the HDMEC‐derived conditioned media were used to treat normal human melanocytes. It was found that HDMEC‐derived clusterin inhibits melanogenesis through MITF/tyrosinase downregulation. The findings here suggest that HDMECs secrete copious amounts of clusterin and that the clusterin is a factor contributing to the inhibitory effect of endothelial cells on melanogenesis via paracrine crosstalk between endothelial cells and melanocytes.
Atropinic (anticholinergic) burden in antipsychotic‐treated patients
Authors: Montastruc François , Benevent Justine , Touafchia Anthony , Chebane Leila , Araujo Mélanie , Guitton‐Bondon Emmanuelle , Durrieu Geneviève , Arbus Christophe , Schmitt Laurent , Begaud Bernard , Montastruc Jean‐Louis 
Published: September 2017

AbstractAntipsychotic drugs possess side atropinic (anticholinergic) properties that may induce several adverse drug reactions (ADRs), such as memory loss or cognitive impairment. The aim of this study was to investigate anticholinergic burden in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs. All ADR reports including at least one antipsychotic and registered between 2000 and 2015 in the Midi‐Pyrénées PharmacoVigilance Database were extracted and analyzed using the Anticholinergic Duran's list. The primary objective of this cross‐sectional study was to calculate anticholinergic burden in antipsychotic‐treated patients; the secondary one was to investigate associated factors. Among the 1948 reports, the average number of atropinic drugs per report was 2.4 ± 1.4. At least one atropinic drug was found in 59.4% of reports (1158), in addition to antipsychotic drugs. The mean anticholinergic burden per report was 3.9 ± 2.9. A value ≥3 was found in 61.7% of the reports. A significant association between anticholinergic burden, age, and male gender of patients was found. The mean value of anticholinergic burden remained stable during the study period. This study showed high values of anticholinergic burden in patients receiving antipsychotics. Thus, considering the potential noxious clinical impact of atropinic properties on cognitive functions, an appropriate approach should be used to reduce prescription of antipsychotics with a high anticholinergic burden but also coprescription of other frequently associated atropinic drugs, such as antiparkinsonians, H1 antihistamines, or imipraminic antidepressants in these patients.
Energetic solutions of Rock Sandpipers to harsh winter conditions rely on prey quality
Authors: Ruthrauff Daniel R. , Dekinga Anne , Gill Robert E. , Piersma Theunis 
Published: September 2017

Rock SandpipersCalidris ptilocnemishave the most northerly non‐breeding distribution of any shorebird in the Pacific Basin (upper Cook Inlet, Alaska; 61°N, 151°W). In terms of freezing temperatures, persistent winds and pervasive ice, this site is the harshest used by shorebirds during winter. We integrated physiological, metabolic, behavioural and environmental aspects of the non‐breeding ecology of Rock Sandpipers at the northern extent of their range to determine the relative importance of these factors in facilitating their unique non‐breeding ecology. Not surprisingly, estimated daily energetic demands were greatest during January, the coldest period of winter. These estimates were greatest for foraging birds, and exceeded basal metabolic rates by a factor of 6.5, a scope of increase that approaches the maximum sustained rate of energetic output by shorebirds during periods of migration, but far exceeds these periods in duration. We assessed the quality of their primary prey, the bivalveMacoma balthica, to determine the daily foraging duration required by Rock Sandpipers to satisfy such energetic demands. Based on size‐specific estimates ofM. balthicaquality, Rock Sandpipers require over 13 h/day of foraging time in upper Cook Inlet in January, even when feeding on the highest quality prey. This range approaches the average daily duration of mudflat availability in this region (c. 18 h), a maximum value that annually decreases due to the accumulation of shore‐fast ice. Rock Sandpipers are likely to maximize access to foraging sites by following the exposure of ice‐free mudflats across the upper Cook Inlet region and by selecting smaller, higher qualityM. balthicato minimize foraging times. Ultimately, this unusual non‐breeding ecology relies on the high quality of their prey resources. Compared with other sites across their range,M. balthicafrom upper Cook Inlet have relatively light shells, potentially the result of the region's depauperate invertebrate predator community. Given the delicate balance between environmental and prey conditions that currently make Cook Inlet a viable wintering area for Rock Sandpipers, small variations in these variables may affect the suitability of the site in the future.
Seasonally‐induced alterations of some facial signs in Caucasian women and their changes induced by a daily application of a photo‐protective product
Authors: Flament F. , Gautier B. , Benize A.‐M. , Charbonneau A. , Cassier M. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesThese were two‐fold: (i) to assess the possible changes in some facial signs induced in a 6‐month period by the periodical shift from winter to summer in Caucasian women and (ii) to appraise the preventive effects of a strong photo‐protective product.MethodsThe facial signs of two cohorts of French women (N= 40 and 42), of comparable ages were graded between winter to summer. One group was left unprotected whereas the other daily applied a strong photo‐protective product for 6 months. Facial signs (structural and pigmentation‐related) were graded in blind by a panel of 12 experts from photographs taken under standard conditions. A global and focused analysis of the skin colour or dark spots, when present, was carried out through spectro‐radiometry under diffuse and standardized visible light, using the L*, a*, b* referential system.ResultsThe unprotected group showed significant changes in summer as compared to winter on 10 facial signs (two‐third of the studied signs) that presented an increased severity, of variable respective amplitude. Five signs among the 10 were particularly and significantly affected by the seasonal transition, of an amplitude above the precision of the grading scale. Three of these five signs concerned structural elements (wrinkles), the two others being related to vascular disorders (redness). These season‐induced alterations appear efficiently reduced in the photo‐protected group. The colour of the facial skin then appears more homogeneous, less red, less dull, all criteria being quantified by the L*, a*, b* referential system. The comparison with a previous work carried out on Chinese women, through a similar protocol, shows that the photo‐protective product brings, in Caucasian women, a more important effect upon structural and vascular features than upon pigmentation disorders, inversely to the results previously observed in Chinese women.ConclusionThe alterations in some facial signs occurring in a 6‐month period between winter and summer are confirmed in Caucasian women, mostly related to structural (wrinkles) and vascular elements. Such changes appear alleviated or prevented by daily applications of a strong sun photo‐protective product.
Optimisation of phenol extraction from wine using layered double hydroxides and technological evaluation of the bioactive‐rich powder
Authors: Pagano Cinzia , Perioli Luana , Blasi Francesca , Bastianini Maria , Chiesi Claudia , Cossignani Lina 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe purpose of this study was to extract functional components, such as phenols, from wine under mild conditions and without the use of organic solvents. A dry and alcohol‐free concentrated wine bioactive extract was obtained using layered double hydroxides (LDHs). The influence of some factors (LDH type, temperature, time and LDH/wine ratio) was evaluated using an experimental design software. Three responses were selected (phenol, anthocyanin and catechin contents). Using the optimised results, the best extraction conditions were as follows: pH 3.7, time 240 min, ratio 3, temperature 20 °C. The sample prepared in these conditions was characterised technologically (size, flowability, wettability) to investigate its manageability and workability. The phenol extract obtained using MgAl‐LDH had suitable particle size and good flowability. A formulation of concentrated wine phenol extract with interesting applications for the nutraceutical field was successfully produced.
Effects of l‐lysine/l‐arginine on the emulsion stability, textural, rheological and microstructural characteristics of chicken sausages
Authors: Zhu Xiaoxu , Ning Cheng , Li Shiyi , Xu Peng , Zheng Yadong , Zhou Cunliu 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe effects of l‐lysine (Lys), l‐arginine (Arg) and soya protein isolated (SPI) on the physicochemical properties of chicken sausages were investigated. The results showed that the addition of Lys/Arg significantly decreased total expressible fluid and expressible fat, but significantly increased hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness of chicken sausage. Moreover, Lys and Arg were more effective than SPI. Rheology indicated that Lys/Arg increased final storage modulus and final loss modulus. Also, scanning electron microscope and confocal laser scanning microscopy disclosed that Lys or Arg was conducive to the formation of regular and uniform oil droplet surrounded integrate membrane. Overall, Lys/Arg exhibited a potential in the preparation of emulsion‐type meat products.