bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Photosynthesis is heavily chlororespiration-sensitive under fluctuating light conditions
Authors: Nawrocki Wojciech J. , Buchert Felix , Joliot Pierre , Rappaport Fabrice , Bailleul Benjamin , Wollman Francis-André 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPhotosynthesis needs to adjust to dynamically changing light intensities in order to maximize its efficiency, notably by the employment of alternative electron pathways. One of them is chlororespiration - initially described inChlamydomonas reinhardtii. This electron transfer pathway, found in all photosynthetic lineages, consists of a reduction of plastoquinone (PQ) through an NAD(P)H:PQ oxidoreductase and quinol (PQH2) oxidation by Plastid Terminal Oxidase, PTOX. Hence, chlororespiration constitutes an electron pathway potentially antagonistic to the linear photosynthetic electron flow from H2O to CO2. However, the limited flow chlororespiratory enzymes can sustain suggests that their relative contribution, at least in the light and in steady-state conditions, is insubstantial. Here, we focused on the involvement of PTOX inChlamydomonas reinhardtiiduring transitions from dark to light and vice versa. We show that the kinetics of redox relaxation of the chloroplast in the dark was greatly affected when PTOX2, the major plastoquinol oxidase inChlamydomonas, is lacking. Importantly, we show that this has a direct physiological relevance, as the growth of a PTOX2-lacking mutant is markedly slower in intermittent light. The latter can be rationalized in terms of a decreased flux sustained by photosystem II due to a redox limitation at the acceptor side of the PSI during the illumination periods. We finally show that the long-term regulation of cyclic electron flow around PSI is strongly affected in the PTOX2 mutant, substantiating an important role of chlororespiration in the maintenance of chloroplast redox balance.
Dual role of E-cadherin in the regulation of invasive collective migration of mammary carcinoma cells
Authors: Elisha Yair , Kalchenko Vyacheslav , Kuznetsov Yuri , Geiger Benjamin 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn this article, we explore a non-canonical form of collective cell migration, displayed by the metastatic murine mammary carcinoma cell line 4T1. We show here that in sparsely plated 4T1 cells, E-cadherin levels are moderately reduced (~50%), leading to the development of collective migration, whereby cells translocate in loose clusters, interconnected by thin membrane tethers. Knocking down E-cadherin blocked tether formation in these cells, leading to enhancement of migration rate and, at the same time, to suppression of lung metastases formationin vivo,and inhibition of infiltration into fibroblast monolayersex vivo. These findings suggest that the moderate E-cadherin levels, present in wild-type 4T1 cells, play a key role in promoting cancer invasion and metastasis.
Language and cognitive impairment associated to a novel p.Cys63Arg change in the MED13L gene
Authors: Jiménez-Romero Ma Salud , Carrasco-Salas Pilar , Benítez-Burraco Antonio 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTMutations of theMED13Lgene, which encodes a subunit of a transcriptional regulatory complex, result in a complex phenotype entailing physical and cognitive anomalies. Deep language impairment has been reported, mostly in patients with CNV.Case presentation.We report on a child who presents with a non-synonymous change p.Cys63Arg inMED13L(Chr12:116675396A>G, GRCh37) and who exhibits profound language impairment in the expressive domain, cognitive delay, behavioral disturbances, and some autistic features.Conclusions.Because of the brain areas in whichMED13Lis expressed and because of the functional links between MED13L and the products of some candidate genes for language disorders, the proband’s linguistic phenotype may result from changes in a functional network important for language development.
Does the hiring of chief risk officers align with the COSO/ISO enterprise risk management frameworks?
Authors: Karanja Erastus 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
There are two main industry-sanctioned enterprise risk management (ERM) models, that is, COSO 2004 and ISO 31000:2009, that firms refer to when implementing ERM programs. Taken together, the two ERM models specify that firms should implement ERM programs to meet a strategic need, improve operations and reporting or to comply with government regulations or industry best practices. In addition, the focus of ERM implementation should be either the subsidiary, business unit, division, firm/entity or global level. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether firms are aligning their ERM implementations with these tenets: strategy, operations, reporting, compliance and the level of implementation.

Design/methodology/approach
The proxy for ERM implementation is the hiring of a Chief Risk Officer (CRO). The research data come from a sample of 122 US firms that issued a press release following the hiring of a CRO between 2010 and 2014. The press releases were retrieved and aggregated through content analysis in LexisNexis Academic.

Findings
The results reveal that many ERM implementations are occurring at the firm/entity level, and with the exception of reporting, firms consider ERM to be a strategic firm resource capable of improving business operations and compliance initiatives.

Originality/value
There is a dearth of research studies specifically investigating whether ERM programs adopted by firms are aligned with the specification of COSO 2004 and ISO 31000:2009 frameworks. The apparent lack of a clear understanding of the alignment between the firm ERM programs and the industry’s ERM frameworks may limit the development and implementation of ERM and the eventual realization of the benefits associated with a successful ERM implementation.
Ownership structure and tax aggressiveness of Chinese listed companies
Authors: Ying Tingting , Wright Brian , Huang Wei 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of state shareholding and control versus institutional investors on tax aggressiveness of Chinese listed firms.

Design/methodology/approach
By exploring recently available tax reconciliation data required under 2006 Accounting Standards for Business Enterprises on a sample of Chinese A-share listed firms, the authors calculate a direct measure of tax aggressiveness and investigate the influence of firm ownership structure on their tax aggressiveness.

Findings
The authors find that state ownership and control are positively associated with corporate tax aggressiveness. A positive link between the collective shareholding by the top ten shareholders and firm tax aggressiveness is also found. In contrast, institutional share ownership is negatively associated with corporate tax aggressiveness.

Research limitations/implications
The results indicate that political connections and ownership concentration empower firms to pursue aggressive tax planning, whereas institutional investors partially mitigate such influences.

Originality/value
This paper complements recent studies on tax aggressiveness in the USA by analyzing tax planning activities of Chinese listed firms. The authors highlight firm ownership and control factors that encourage aggressive tax planning in China. This paper has important implications for both public policy and corporate governance in emerging markets similar to China.
Earnings management using revenue classification shifting – evidence from the IFRS adoption period
Authors: Noh Minyoung , Moon Doocheol , Parte Laura 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
This paper aims to provide evidence of an unintended observable consequence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption by examining opportunistic use of earnings management through revenue as well as expense items classification shifting in the year of transition.

Design/methodology/approach
To document classification shifting, the authors take advantage of the Korean mandatory IFRS adoption in 2011, when broad discretion was given to publicly traded companies’ managers to present operating profits.

Findings
It is found that companies strategically use both revenues and expenses to manage core earnings at the time of transition by shifting other income as a common tactic to improve their operating performance and special expenses just to meet or beat earnings targets.

Originality/value
Given the concerns of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) about classification shifting behavior and the debate over whether the SEC should mandate the use of IFRS for US companies, the findings of this study are timely and contribute to authors’ understanding of the unintended consequences of mandatory IFRS adoption.
A leadership framework for distributed self-organized scrum teams
Authors: Srivastava Pallavi , Jain Shilpi 
Published: June 2017

PurposeScrum, an agile software development method, has gained major interest among software development organizations. The scrum master should be well equipped with specific leadership traits and exhibit leadership behavior to effectively manage his/her team. However, in a distributed team, which is spread across geographies, having scrum master to lead the project team at each location is not viable. Therefore, every member in the team is expected to have the capability to become one. This paper aims to explore the leadership mechanisms desired for effective functioning of distributed self-organized scrum team members, leading to project success and overall customer satisfaction.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative research methodology with an open-ended questionnaire is followed by semi-structured in-depth interviews. The unit of analysis is a scrum master.FindingsThe qualitative findings unearth the kind of leadership mechanisms required for scrum masters and the team members in a self-organizing scrum team, leading to their project success and customer satisfaction. It includes a set of leadership approaches and behaviors explicitly related to the role of scrum masters. Both inductive and deductive approaches are used to develop a leadership framework applicable for distributed self-organized scrum teams.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed framework can be empirically tested with a large number of teams and more software organizations.Practical implicationsOrganizations can use these identified specific leadership approaches and behaviors as parameters for identifying and selecting the potential scrum masters. They can be further trained on them to be an effective scrum master.Originality/valueThere is scant literature on the leadership mechanisms necessary for distributed scrum teams and their impact on project performance. This paper addresses this gap.
Pygmalion going international
Authors: Bachkirov Alexandre Anatolievich 
Published: June 2017

PurposeThe paper presents an empirical account of self-fulfilling prophecy in a multicultural expatriate context of the Arabian Gulf (Sultanate of Oman). The purpose of this paper is to explore the link between managerial expectations of the effects of cultural diversity and workgroup performance.Design/methodology/approachThis exploratory study uses a qualitative interpretive approach based on the data collected through semi-structured interviews. The participants were Omani managers in charge of multicultural expatriate workgroups.FindingsManagerial expectations of the effects of multiculturalism on workgroup dynamics are linked to three dimensions of performance effectiveness, including the production function, the member support function and the group wellbeing function. The Pygmalion process, as applied to the multicultural expatriate context of this study, emerged as an integral part of positive organizational scholarship.Research limitations/implicationsThe data were collected in one country only, which limits the conclusions about the universal applicability of the Pygmalion theory. The boundary conditions were defined by the cultural characteristics of the research setting: collectivism, high power distance, high uncertainty avoidance, moderate masculinity/femininity.Practical implicationsFor managers in charge of multicultural workgroups, the study provides motivation to project positive and affirmative expectations of multiculturalism, which is likely to lead to enhanced workgroup performance.Originality/valueIn examining the self-fulfilling prophecy phenomenon, this study transcends Western educational, military and industrial research contexts to investigate the Pygmalion process in a non-Western multicultural expatriate environment. The study contributes to unraveling the inconsistencies in findings on the relationship between cultural diversity and workgroup performance by highlighting the role of managerial expectations of multiculturalism.
Interactions in engaged work teams: a qualitative study
Authors: Costa Patrícia Lopes , Passos Ana Margarida , Bakker Arnold B. , Romana Rafael , Ferrão Cláudia 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The aim of this study is to describe work-engaged teams in terms of interpersonal interaction.

Design/methodology/approach
Six teams (N = 31 individuals) were videotaped during a decision-making task, for one hour. Based on a priori defined categories, the authors coded the videos in terms of the degree of interaction between team members, the physical distance between members, the degree of team’s activation and the valence of their interaction. The videos were also coded in terms of motivational and affective processes. Team work engagement was assessed using questionnaires.

Findings
Highly engaged team members work physically close and have an increment on their interactions up until the task’s temporal midpoint. They have an initial peak of activation and show more positive emotional valence in the first and the last moments of the task. The most interpersonal processes used are affective. The worst performing team had the highest initial interaction levels followed by an abrupt decrease both in their levels of interaction and in their levels of activation. Simultaneously, they present higher peaks of positive emotional valence.

Practical implications
Although engaged teams are essentially characterized by the presence of positive interactions, it is fundamental to alternate more “exited” and fun moments with more task focused ones and collective interaction moments with individual work.

Originality/value
This study answers to Kozlowski and Chao’s (2012) call for studying emergence in a more direct way, using qualitative analysis of video data.
Looking at past domestication to secure ecosystem services of future croplands
Authors: Milla Ruben , García‐Palacios Pablo , Matesanz Silvia 
Published: June 2017

Summary

Food security faces challenges that must be addressed from multiple perspectives. Ecology and agronomy contribute to that endeavour, allowing improvement in management practices. However, not only management affects food provision but also crop traits modulate key ecosystem services (ESs), including sustained yields.

Here we highlight that understanding how crop traits evolved under domestication, affecting ESs delivery, should help to breed future crops. We address the effects of crop evolution (from initial domestication to current times) on crop traits and key ESs: crop yield and its stability over time, soil carbon sequestration, soil nitrogen retention and water provision.

Synthesis. There is evidence that crop domestication affects the delivery of ESs. However, most of these evolutionary effects are understudied. Accordingly, we identify research gaps and necessary actions, including (i) assessing whether performance in polyculture is lower for modern crop mixtures than for mixtures of wild progenitors, and breeding for more efficient crop polycultures; and (ii) investigating how crop evolution impacted on plant effects on soil carbon sequestration and nitrogen retention, and how such effects contribute to yield stability. The provision of cropland ESs, and thus food security, will benefit from exploring those avenues from an ecological perspective.
Comparison of management regimens following ultrasound diagnosis of nontubal ectopic pregnancies: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Ramkrishna J , Kan GR , Reidy KL , Ang WC , Palma‐Dias R 
Published: June 2017

ObjectiveTo review management options for nontubal ectopic pregnancies.DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary hospital in Melbourne, Australia.PopulationA total of 100 nontubal pregnancies: 1 abdominal, 32 caesarean scar, 14 cervical, 41 cornual–interstitial, 12 ovarian.MethodsCases were classified according to ectopic site. Management categories were medical, surgical, combination or expectant. Use of minimally invasive approaches (ultrasound‐guided intra‐sac injections or selective surgical techniques) was identified. Primary management was considered to be successful if no further unplanned interventions were required.Main outcome measuresSuccess of primary management and frequency of unplanned interventions.ResultsA high rate of success (82%) was demonstrated for all management regimens, with minimal morbidity and no deaths occurring. A high success rate was shown when the primary management regimen was systemic methotrexate or ultrasound‐guided intra‐sac injection (88%). The success rate for primary surgical management was 57%. High success rates were reported for both primary management with ultrasound‐guided injections or in combination with systemic methotrexate (94%) and for primary management with systemic methotrexate alone (81%). Seventy‐five per cent of women managed with minimally invasive surgical approaches avoided the need for more extensive surgery, but required longer follow up and additional interventions.ConclusionMinimally invasive approaches were found to be safe and effective treatment for women desiring to conserve fertility. Ultrasound‐guided intra‐sac injection and laparoscopic ectopic removal procedures aimed at preserving reproductive organs should be included as minimally invasive primary management tools in addition to the well‐recognised option of systemic methotrexate.Tweetable abstractNontubal ectopics: minimally invasive procedures a safe alternative to surgery in selected cases.
RES PUBLICA, FORMA REI PUBLICAE, AND SPQR
Authors: MOATTI CLAUDIA 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
The goal of this article is to study the process of formalization of the res publica from the second to the first century bc. The first part analyzes the uncertainty of the res, defining it as the result of the interaction between citizens. The second part studies a shift in the description of the res publica: the passage from a division into partes to an approach in terms of formae. This evolution, which led to a reduction of its elements and a rationalization of its working, also reveals a will to put an end to conflicts. The mixed constitution and the ideological need for consensus became the new model for part of the elite. This process of reduction of the res publica ended with the Augustan invention of the SPQR.
BIOGRAPHY, HISTORY, AND MEMORY ABOUT SOME IMPERIAL FIGURES
Authors: BENOIST STÉPHANE 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
This is a paper about some imperial figures, and mainly the first emperor, Augustus, through the reception of his persona during the first four centuries of the Principate. In three sections, a few aspects of a Roman perception of history are developed through various uses of autobiography, biography, and historical narratives about emperors, from the very beginnings to the reception, from the Antonines to the Theodosians, of model portraits of emperors. The imperial history was made of personal itineraries and biographies, in a ‘republican’ staging: the permanence of a ‘Populus Romanus’ attending, if not participating in, political rituals, the imperial eloquentia frequently celebrated by imperial biographers and used in traditional contiones, the monumental setting of politics — the central function of the forum and many other localities of a city ‘full of memories’. The very inspiring contributions offered by the books and articles Fergus Millar has dedicated to a ‘Greco-Roman’ world considered as widely as possible are used as a guide throughout this essay.
Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Statement on Plagiarism
Authors: Asher Shellie L. , Iserson Kenneth V. , Merck Lisa H. ,   the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine Ethics Committee (Aasim I. Padela, MD, MS, Chair)
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe integrity of the research enterprise is of the utmost importance for the advancement of safe and effective medical practice for patients and for maintaining the public trust in health care. Academic societies and editors of journals are key participants in guarding scientific integrity. Avoiding and preventing plagiarism helps to preserve the scientific integrity of professional presentations and publications. The Society for Academic Emergency Medicine (SAEM) Ethics Committee discusses current issues in scientific publishing integrity and provides a guideline to avoid plagiarism in SAEM presentations and publications.
Comparison of subconjunctival scarring after microincision vitrectomy surgery using 20‐, 23‐, 25‐ and 27‐gauge systems in rabbits
Authors: Gozawa Makoto , Takamura Yoshihiro , Miyake Seiji , Iwasaki Kentaro , Arimura Shogo , Takihara Yuji , Inatani Masaru 
Published: June 2017

AbstractPurposeTo compare subconjunctival scarring after vitrectomy in rabbit eyes using different gauge systems by analysing anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) images and histological sections.MethodsVitrectomy using 20‐, 23‐, 25‐ and 27‐gauge systems was performed for rabbits. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS‐OCT) images of the incision sites were obtained before and at day 1, 7 and 1 month after surgery. We measured the thickness of conjunctival epithelium, stroma, Tenon's capsule and total conjunctiva of these three layers, then determined the preservation rates of the borderlines between each layer. Surgical invasion was estimated by histological observation.ResultsThe thickness of total conjunctiva, or the thickness of both conjunctival stroma and Tenon's capsule in the 20‐gauge group was significantly thicker than that in the 27‐gauge group at day 1 and day 7 after surgery. Preservation rates of the conjunctival stroma/Tenon's capsule borderline were significantly lower in the 20‐gauge group than in the 25‐ and 27‐gauge groups at day 1, day 7 and 1 month. Preservation rates of the Tenon's capsule/sclera borderline were significantly lower in the 20‐gauge group than in the 25‐ and 27‐gauge groups at 1 month. In the 27‐gauge group, the number of α‐smooth muscle actin‐positive fibroblasts was significantly smaller than in the 20‐gauge group at day 7.ConclusionBased on the finding of AS‐OCT and histology, micro incision vitreous surgery, especially using 27‐gauge, contributed to less subconjunctival scarring postoperatively. Therefore, the 27‐gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) may be a more effective technique for preserving the structure of conjunctiva.