bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cartographic styles of Danube Delta
Authors: Constantinescu Ștefan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study conducts an in-depth analysis of 820 maps with a focus on the western coast of the Black Sea, from Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi to Cape Kaliakra, and gives special attention to the Danube Delta. The research highlights Pietro Vesconte’s critical role in the accurate depiction of the area and examines the stylistic developments over time and their effects on the mapping of the region. It also delves into the relationship between navigational practices and cartographic representation, noting the limited influence of Ottoman conquests on local mapping techniques. The study draws attention to a resurgence in the use of Ptolemaic principles, occurring simultaneously with the adoption of modern surveying techniques, such as triangulation. By concentrating on the Danube Delta and the adjacent coast of the Black Sea, the study provides a detailed understanding of the cartographic history of the area, highlighting the mix of precision and creative interpretation in maps.
When Ethics Becomes Unethical: An Autoethnographic Account of Gaining Ethics Approval to Conduct Ethnography in a Healthcare Setting
Authors: Schneidman Jillian 
Published: October 2024

AbstractMany ethnographic researchers have raised concerns over the potential impacts that the institutionalization of ethics review boards can have on social science research, especially within healthcare settings. However, few articles to-date have documented how these norms and practices play out in actuality. This paper, therefore, uses autoethnography to provide an account of three ethical challenges that arose during my process of seeking ethics approval through institutional review boards to conduct ethnographic fieldwork in a healthcare setting. In doing so, I demonstrate how bureaucratic accountability took precedence over my research expertise, making the research that I initially set out to do inaccessible, questionable, and ‘unethical’, despite being carried out in accordance with the current standards governing research involving human participants and their data. I conclude with ways to move beyond this existing ethics structure towards a more collaborative approach between ethics boards, researchers, and research participants grounded within the realities of the field.
Tutorial: From Topology to Hall Effects—Implications of Berry Phase Physics
Authors: Sprinkart Nico , Scheer Elke , Di Bernardo Angelo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Berry phase is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics with profound implications for understanding topological properties of quantum systems. This tutorial provides a comprehensive introduction to the Berry phase, beginning with the essential mathematical framework required to grasp its significance. We explore the intrinsic link between the emergence of a non-trivial Berry phase and the presence of topological characteristics in quantum systems, showing the connection between the Berry phase and the band structure as well as the phase’s gauge-invariant nature during cyclic evolutions. The tutorial delves into various topological effects arising from the Berry phase, such as the quantum, anomalous, and spin Hall effects, which exemplify how these quantum phases manifest in observable phenomena. We then extend our discussion to cover the transport properties of topological insulators, elucidating their unique behaviour rooted in the Berry phase physics. This tutorial aims at equipping its readers with a robust understanding of the basic theory underlying the Berry phase and of its pivotal role in the realm of topological quantum phenomena.
Skeletal muscle fibre type-dependent effects of atorvastatin on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling pathway and atrophy-related genes in rats
Authors: Gawedzka Anna , Knapik-Czajka Malgorzata , Drag Jagoda , Belczyk Malgorzata , Radwanska Edyta , Adamek Dariusz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background
One of the probable causes of statin myotoxicity is an imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation. These processes are regulated by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and the ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS). The aim of this study was to assess whether the effects of atorvastatin on PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway downstream proteins, the FoxO3a transcription factor and the UPS genes, i.e., MuRF-1 and MAFbx, depend on muscle fibre type.

Methods and results
Atorvastatin (50 mg/kg) was administered to Wistar rats. The levels of selected PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway proteins were assayed via Western blotting, whereas MuRF-1, MAFbx and FoxO3a mRNA levels were measured using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‒qPCR). Gomöri trichrome staining was performed to assess skeletal muscle pathology. A decrease in the P-Akt/Akt ratio was observed in the gastrocnemius muscle (MG), whereas an increase in the P-Akt/Akt ratio was observed in the soleus muscle (SOL). FoxO3a gene expression increased in the SOL and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles. MuRF-1 gene expression increased in the MG, and MAFbx expression increased in the EDL. No histopathological changes were observed in any of the tested muscles.

Conclusions
In the absence of overt muscle damage, atorvastatin decreased the P-Akt/Akt ratio in the MG, indicating an increase in inactive Akt. Consistent with the decrease in Akt activation, rpS6 phosphorylation decreased. In SOL, atorvastatin increased the P-Akt/Akt ratio, indicating Akt activation. P-FoxO3a and the P-FoxO3a/FoxO3a ratio increased, suggesting that FoxO3a inactivation occurred. Moreover, in the SOL, atorvastatin did not affect the expression of atrophy-related genes. These findings indicate that atorvastatin has no adverse effect on the Akt pathway in the SOL. Our results showed that the effects of atorvastatin on the Akt signalling pathway and atrophy-related gene expression depend on muscle type.
Revised Normative Behaviourism: An Experimental Proposal
Authors: Cozzaglio Ilaria 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe debate on bottom-up approaches in political theory has been recently enriched by Jonathan Floyd’s “normative behaviourism”, an approach that starts from and refers to actual behaviours so as to let normative concerns emerge and political responses be found. Despite its merits, I argue that normative behaviourism suffers from three weaknesses: the tip of the iceberg, the invisibility, and the over-inclusive justification problems. These problems emerge because behaviours can be normatively significant only when the beliefs behind those behaviours are known. To overcome these problems, I suggest a “revised” version of normative behaviourism, which makes use of focus groups to reach two objectives: first, to understand the beliefs driving behaviours; and, second, to filter out unacceptable beliefs that might lead to inappropriate political solutions when their corresponding behaviour is considered normatively relevant for institutional reform. While revised normative behaviourism is still at the stage of a drafted proposal, it has the potential to pave a way for data collection to contribute to the very formulation of normative standards rather than just to the identification of practical constraints to the application of normative standards.
Reviews on Load Flow Methods in Electric Distribution Networks
Authors: El-Fergany Attia A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn power system studies, load flow (LF) analysis is one of the most crucial tools. It is the most important and required method of looking at issues with power system design and operation. A series of nonlinear algebraic equations make up the LF issue, which needs to be mathematically solved by iterative numerical methods. In the current modern distribution systems (DSs) field, the most significant criterion that is heavily influenced by the DS’s size—which keeps growing—is the convergence of the solution. This paper gives readers an overview of recent research that has used both classical and artificial intelligence-based methods to handle LF-related issues with particular attention to DSs. The impacts of high R/X ratio of DSs along with various load models are discussed. Various standard and non-standard test feeders used for investigating LF algorithms are addressed. It also offers suggestions for future paths for this field of study. The types of examined LF problems are used to categorize the surveyed literature.
How It Begins and Ends: Temporal Positions of Linguistic Indicators in Staged and Authentic Emergency Calls
Authors: Elms Serena , Clarke David , Keatley David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe utilisation of emergency calls to stage false and misleading narratives can assist offenders in concealing their criminal activity. The majority of emergency call analyses focus on detecting deception; however, investigating the complex temporal ordering of verbal indicators with a measure of proximity may offer new inductive investigative insights. The current research took a novel approach to analysing emergency calls by focusing on the temporal placement of verbal indicators with a measure of proximity coefficients. Results showed that several important differences existed in the temporal ordering of indicators that occur at the start and end of staged and authentic calls. These findings offer an insight as to influence of saliency and the competing priorities that exist between staged and authentic emergency calls. This is the first research to explore the temporal ordering of indicators in emergency calls and to provide a basis for its tentative application to interview strategies.
Plasma photonic crystal ‘kaleidoscope’ with flexible control of topology and electromagnetism
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Shuang , Fan Weili , Wang Shuo , Lu Cuicui , He Yafeng , Liu Fucheng , Hu Xiaoyong 
Published: October 2024

AbstractContinuous development of photonic crystals (PCs) over the last 30 years has carved out many new scientific frontiers. However, creating tunable PCs that enable flexible control of geometric configurations remains a challenge. Here we present a scheme to produce a tunable plasma photonic crystal (PPC) ‘kaleidoscope’ with rich diversity of structural configurations in dielectric barrier discharge. Multi-freedom control of the PPCs, including the symmetry, dielectric constant, crystal orientation, lattice constant, topological state, and structures of scattering elements, has been realized. Four types of lattice reconfigurations are demonstrated, including transitions from periodic to periodic, disordered to ordered, non-topological to topological, and striped to honeycomb Moiré lattices. Furthermore, alterations in photonic band structures corresponding to the reconstruction of various PPCs have been investigated. Our system presents a promising platform for generating a PPC ‘kaleidoscope’, offering benefits such as reduced equipment requirements, low cost, rapid response, and enhanced flexibility. This development opens up new opportunities for both fundamental and applied research.
Graphical Abstract
Requirements for regulatory acceptance of biomarkers
Authors: Zander Hilke , Engelbergs Jörg 
Published: October 2024

SummaryGenerally, biomarkers could increase the success rate of medicinal product developments and as a consequence accelerate the availability of new therapeutics with an improved benefit–risk relationship. Therefore, patient identification based on predictive biomarkers is becoming increasingly important in all therapeutic areas [1]. The increasing use of predictive biomarker-guided-personalized (precision) medicine warrants the discovery of novel biomarkers as measurable indicators of physiopathological conditions [2]. Biomarkers can be used for diagnostics and prognostics, monitoring disease progression, but also to select the most effective therapy and to predict the treatment outcome [3, 4]. The current article provides a short focus on the regulatory definition of a biomarker and the biomarker qualification process of the European Medicines Agency (EMA). With the evolving landscape, the new Regulation (EU) 2017/746 on in vitro medical devices (IVDR) [5] introduces important changes in the EU legal framework for IVDs especially by legally defining for the first time “companion diagnostic” devices (CDx). Challenges in the codevelopment of CDx and medicinal products are highlighted to provide scientific–regulatory considerations in this complex regulatory field.
Effect of Crumb Rubber on Concrete’s and Mortar’s Structural Properties: A Review
Authors: Kilani Abiodun Joseph , Ikotun Bolanle Deborah , Abdulwahab Rasheed 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCrumb rubber (CR) is a construction material obtained from slicing of scrap tyres. As reviewed, the inclusion of CR in concrete showed the reductions in concrete’s fresh and hardened properties even on its durability. This paper reports that CR-concrete is poor in workability, more porous, poor in resisting chlorine ion, inconsistency in strength and normally takes long time to set. Also, the review of previous results on CR-concrete proved that, CR-concrete’s ductile strength increased by 86.2% while its compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, and modulus of elasticity reduced by 50.3%, 24.51%, 31.94% and 23.51% respectively. The reduction in strength was tagged to the application of high percentages of CR in concrete (0–40%) and the use of high water–cement ratio (w/c) for the concrete production (≥ 4.0). Likewise, the microstructural results also support the strengths reduction trend. As reviewed, the inclusion of treated crumb rubbers in concrete improved its microstructural properties. Therefore, it is advisable to make use of the treated CR, 0–5% of CR and 0.4 water–cement ratio for the production of CR-concrete and mortar for better results. This data is available for future researchers to make further investigations on improving the weak reinforcing properties of Crumb Rubber in structural concrete and mortar.
Beziehungsanarchie – Liebe ist Liebesbeziehung
Authors: Eichel Kae Ilo Maris 
Published: October 2024

ZusammenfassungIn Relationship Anarchy, hier übersetzt als Beziehungsanarchie, wird danach gestrebt, dass Beziehungen ohne gesellschaftliche Zwänge individuell frei miteinander ausgehandelt werden, wie bei einem Buffet für belegte Brote („Smörgåsbord“), bei dem man die Zutaten der Beziehung gemeinsam wählen kann. Romantische Liebesbeziehung ist dabei nur eine Belegmöglichkeit. Der Fokus der Aushandlung der Beziehungsgestaltung liegt zwischen den jeweiligen Beziehungspersonen nach ihren eigenen Bedürfnissen und Werten. Dabei ist Liebe die Grundlage für alle Beziehungen, also die Basiszutat, das Brot, welches belegt wird, damit Beziehungsanarchie möglich ist. Die Definition von Liebe in Beziehungsanarchie ist prozessual und individualisiert gestaltet. Liebe ist Liebesbeziehung, Liebe ist die Praxis, das Handeln in einer Begegnung mit den Aspekten der offenen und ehrlichen Kommunikation, der Fürsorge, dem Anerkennen und Respekt von Unterschieden, Freiheit und Emanzipation, dem gegenseitigen Interesse an spirituellem Wachstum, Vertrauen, Verletzlichkeit und Zärtlichkeit. Dabei sind verbindliches Einstimmen aufeinander und Zuwenden in Zuneigung Voraussetzungen.
What Explains the Perception of Having Shared Practices Among School Staff for Anti-bullying Work?
Authors: Sainio Miia , Herkama Sanna , Torppa Minna , Aro Tuija , Hämeenaho Pilvi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractA comprehensive, whole-school approach that demands commitment from all staff members is a recommended basis for effective and systematic anti-bullying work. Central to this approach is the collective agreement among school staff on the implementation of specific practices. This survey study investigates the extent to which Finnish basic education (grades 1–9) school staff (n ~ 400) perceive that they have shared and actively implemented anti-bullying practices in their school and the factors explaining variation in these perceptions. While staff generally reported having shared and actively implemented anti-bullying practices, variation was observed both within and between schools. Professional role, school size, perception of well-being values at school, leadership promoting well-being, and utilization of manualized program explained the variation in the perception of shared practices in the random intercept model. Qualitative analyses supplemented the quantitative findings, indicating that having a specific named program—either a manualized program or a self-developed one—was associated with the perception of shared and actively used practices, emphasizing the necessity for a structured approach. Our results underscore individual and contextual factors fostering a collective understanding of bullying prevention and intervention. Achieving such consensus is essential but not always achieved, posing a risk for ineffective bullying prevention efforts in schools.
Exploring Resilience Among College Students in Recovery from Substance Misuse During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Broman Michael , Wernekinck Uwe 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch has shown that both college students and people in recovery from substance use disorder were adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, mental health and substance use challenges accrued for each group. However, less is known about how people who are both college students and in recovery experienced the pandemic. And, generally, little is known about the experiences of college students in recovery without access to the institutional support of a collegiate recovery program. We conducted a study including college students in recovery on a campus without a collegiate recovery program (N = 17) to explore how students experienced adversity during the pandemic and how they demonstrated resilience in overcoming adversity. We utilized thematic analysis to document patterns in the data. Students grappled with attrition from their recovery communities, loss of personal connections, and substance use and mental health challenges. To mitigate these hardships, students employed strategies to avoid substance use, applied principles of recovery programs, took advantage of new resources for recovery, and found ways to maintain connection with some supports. Our findings, documenting the resilience shown by these college students, can be utilized to improve collegiate recovery services, with an eye toward the ongoing popularity of virtual learning and toward potential future disruptive events.
Prescribing of clotrimazole-betamethasone dipropionate, a topical combination corticosteroid-antifungal product, for Medicare part D beneficiaries, United States, 2016–2022
Authors: Currie Dustin W. , Caplan Avrom S. , Benedict Kaitlin , Hatfield Kelly M. , Smith Dallas J. , Lipner Shari R. , Gold Jeremy A.W. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
During 2016–2022, Medicare part D beneficiaries filled 8,674,460 clotrimazole-betamethasone dipropionate prescriptions. Annual rates were stable (30.9 prescriptions/1,000 beneficiary-years in 2022, enough for one in every 33 beneficiaries). Diagnostic testing was infrequent, particularly among internal medicine, family medicine, and general practitioners, suggesting potential opportunities to improve diagnostic and prescribing practices.
Saving the internet? The limits of platform power amid the techlash
Authors: Kemmerling Michael 
Published: October 2024

AbstractResearch on platform power indicates a preference alignment between consumers and platforms against regulation. However, recent scandals have changed public opinion toward platforms and undermined their structural coalition with consumers. I argue that amid the techlash, platforms need to actively mobilize the public and face an uphill battle in doing so. Based on the outside lobbying literature, I expect that platforms’ success in reframing the debate and signaling public discontent to policymakers depends on the perceptibility of the target audience (the bonding surface) and the characteristics of competing interest groups. I test my expectations by analyzing platform outside lobbying against the 2019 European Copyright Directive. I combine process-tracing and time-series analysis with textual data. A comparison between the German and French debates revealed that platform outside lobbying failed because negative media reporting, public opinion, and a creative economy dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in France provided a favorable bonding surface for the frames of pro-copyright groups. Pro-copyright groups could credibly criticize platforms’ exploitative practices and demand fair artist remuneration, while platforms’ frames did not stick. This study demonstrates that claims of structural platform power are exaggerated and that careful attention needs to be paid to lobbying dynamics.
Exploring the potential link between ΔFosB and N-acetylcysteine in craving/relapse dynamics: can N-acetylcysteine stand out as a possible treatment candidate?
Authors: Arjmand Shokouh , Ilaghi Mehran , Shafie’ei Mohammad , Gobira Pedro H. , Grassi-Oliveira Rodrigo , Wegener Gregers 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
From a neuroscientific point of view, one of the unique archetypes of substance use disorders is its road to relapse, in which the reward system plays a crucial role. Studies on the neurobiology of substance use disorders have highlighted the central role of a protein belonging to the Fos family of transcription factors, ΔFosB. Relying on the roles ΔFosB plays in the pathophysiology of substance use disorders, we endeavour to present some evidence demonstrating that N-acetylcysteine, a low-cost and well-tolerated over-the-counter medicine, may influence the downstream pathway of ΔFosB, thereby serving as a treatment strategy to mitigate the risk of relapse in cases of substance use.
From Paris to Ṭā’if: Sovereignty, Borders, and the Question of Minorities in the Arabian Peninsula
Authors: Alamer Sultan 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Before World War I, the Ottoman Empire ruled the southwestern region of the Arabian Peninsula. However, unlike other Ottoman territories in Eastern Europe and the Middle East, the fate of this region was not decided during the Paris Peace Conference. This created a vacuum of power that allowed the local elites of Arabia to engage in a lengthy process of conflict, negotiations, peace talks, and the exchange of ideas to resolve issues of legitimacy, sovereignty, borders, and cultural differences. This article argues that these local elites of Arabia developed an alternative model of statehood and sovereignty that persisted until the outbreak of the Gulf War in 1990. The immediate result of this new model was the separation of al-Mikhlāf al-Sulaimānī region and the transformation of the people of the Najrān region into a sectarian group.