bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The limits of intensive feeding: maternal foodwork at the intersections of race, class, and gender
Authors: Brenton Joslyn 
Published: March 2017

AbstractDespite experiencing numerous barriers, mothers today confront increasing social pressure to embody perfection through their foodwork. A growing body of social science research identifies how gender and class inequality shape women's perceptions of food and their feeding strategies, but this research is thus far limited in its understanding of the roles that race and ethnic identity play in a mother's food landscape. Drawing on 60 in‐depth interviews with a racially and economically diverse group of mothers, this paper examines how feeding young children is intertwined with contemporary ideas about child health as well as women's efforts to negotiate race, class, and gender hierarchies. Extending Hays' concept of intensive mothering, rich descriptions of feeding children reveal how mothers in this study are discursively engaged with what I call an ‘intensive feeding ideology’ – the widespread belief that good mothering is synonymous with intensive food labour. Drawing on intersectional theory, this article discusses the limits of an intensive feeding ideology, particularly for poor and middle‐class mothers of colour. The findings contribute to an understanding of how power relations are embedded within food ideologies and how mothers of young children attempt to negotiate them.
Can earlier literacy skills have a negative impact on future home literacy activities? Evidence from Japanese
Authors: Inoue Tomohiro , Georgiou George K. , Muroya Naoko , Maekawa Hisao , Parrila Rauno 
Published: March 2017

We examined the cross‐lagged relations between the home literacy environment and literacy skills in Japanese, and whether child's gender, parents' education and child's level of literacy performance moderate the relations. One hundred forty‐two Japanese children were followed from Grades 1 to 2 and assessed on character knowledge, reading fluency and spelling. Their parents responded to a questionnaire assessing the frequency of their teaching and shared reading. Results showed that parent teaching increased and shared reading decreased from Grades 1 to 2. Cross‐lagged path analysis indicated that the literacy skills in Grade 1 were negatively associated with parent teaching in Grade 2. The results further suggested that more educated parents of higher performing children, particularly boys, adjusted their involvement to their children's literacy skills, while less educated parents of lower performing children did not. These findings indicate the importance of parents' sensitivity to their child's performance.What is already known about this topic

Home literacy environment (HLE) plays an important role in children's literacy acquisition in Western and some East Asian contexts.
Children's early reading skills can have an impact on later HLE.
The direction of the relationship between HLE and children's reading skills may change from positive in Kindergarten to negative in Grade 1.
What this paper adds

In line with the findings of previous studies in other languages, Japanese parents adaptively adjust their home literacy activities to their child's literacy skills.
The effect of children's literacy skills on later shared reading is stronger among boys than among girls.
More educated parents of higher performing children adjust their involvement to their child's literacy skills, while less educated parents with lower performing children do not.
Implications for theory, policy or practice

We should encourage parents to be sensitive to their child's literacy skills to help them build a foundation that will boost future literacy development.
This can be particularly true of less educated parents with poorly performing children.
We should encourage educators to communicate the children's literacy achievement to their parents and also suggest the means by which HLE could be beneficial for their children's literacy development.
Thyme Oil Encapsulated in Halloysite Nanotubes for Antimicrobial Packaging System
Authors: Lee Min Hyeock , Seo Hyun‐Sun , Park Hyun Jin 
Published: March 2017

AbstractAn antimicrobial capsule releasing thyme oil was developed using modified halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). In order to increase the pore volume, HNTs were treated with 5.0 mol/L NaOH solution, which resulted in the encapsulation of more thyme oil molecules inside the HNTs. The morphology of the raw HNTs and NaOH‐treated HNTs (N‐HNTs) was characterized using transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption‐desorption analysis. The loading capacity increased from 180.7 ± 12.7 to 256.4 ± 16.7 mg thyme oil/g HNT after the NaOH treatment. The aerial release characteristics of thyme oil from both the HNT capsules were investigated in a closed‐package atmosphere system at 4, 25, and 40 °C. The antimicrobial activity of the capsule against Escherichia coli O157:H7 was determined using the vapor phase assay. Moreover, the antimicrobial effects of the capsule against E. coli O157:H7, total mesophilic aerobic bacteria (MAB), and molds and yeasts (MY) on the surfaces of cherry tomatoes were investigated at 4 and 25 °C for 5 d. When the cherry tomatoes were exposed to the thyme oil‐loaded N‐HNT capsule, the number of E. coli O157:H7, MAB, and MY significantly reduced during storage.
Pedigree reconstruction from SNP data: parentage assignment, sibship clustering and beyond
Authors: Huisman Jisca 
Published: March 2017

AbstractData on hundreds or thousands of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) provide detailed information about the relationships between individuals, but currently few tools can turn this information into a multigenerational pedigree. I present the r package sequoia, which assigns parents, clusters half‐siblings sharing an unsampled parent and assigns grandparents to half‐sibships. Assignments are made after consideration of the likelihoods of all possible first‐, second‐ and third‐degree relationships between the focal individuals, as well as the traditional alternative of being unrelated. This careful exploration of the local likelihood surface is implemented in a fast, heuristic hill‐climbing algorithm. Distinction between the various categories of second‐degree relatives is possible when likelihoods are calculated conditional on at least one parent of each focal individual. Performance was tested on simulated data sets with realistic genotyping error rate and missingness, based on three different large pedigrees (N = 1000–2000). This included a complex pedigree with overlapping generations, occasional close inbreeding and some unknown birth years. Parentage assignment was highly accurate down to about 100 independent SNPs (error rate <0.1%) and fast (<1 min) as most pairs can be excluded from being parent–offspring based on opposite homozygosity. For full pedigree reconstruction, 40% of parents were assumed nongenotyped. Reconstruction resulted in low error rates (<0.3%), high assignment rates (>99%) in limited computation time (typically <1 h) when at least 200 independent SNPs were used. In three empirical data sets, relatedness estimated from the inferred pedigree was strongly correlated to genomic relatedness.
Acupuncture reduces relapse to cocaine‐seeking behavior via activation of GABA neurons in the ventral tegmental area
Authors: Jin Wyju , Kim Min Sun , Jang Eun Young , Lee Jun Yeon , Lee Jin Gyeom , Kim Hong Yu , Yoon Seong Shoon , Lee Bong Hyo , Chang Suchan , Kim Jae Hyo , Choi Kwang H. , Koo Ho , Gwak Young Seob , Steffensen Scott C. , Ryu Yeon‐Hee , Kim Hee Young , Yang Chae Ha 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThere is growing public interest in alternative approaches to addiction treatment and scientific interest in elucidating the neurobiological underpinnings of acupuncture. Our previous studies showed that acupuncture at a specific Shenmen (HT7) points reduced dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) induced by drugs of abuse. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effects of HT7 acupuncture on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) neuronal activity in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the reinstatement of cocaine‐seeking behavior. Using microdialysis and in vivo single‐unit electrophysiology, we evaluated the effects of HT7 acupuncture on VTA GABA and NAc DA release and VTA GABA neuronal activity in rats. Using a within‐session reinstatement paradigm in rats self‐administering cocaine, we evaluated the effects of HT7 stimulation on cocaine‐primed reinstatement. Acupuncture at HT7 significantly reduced cocaine suppression of GABA release and GABA neuron firing rates in the VTA. HT7 acupuncture attenuated cocaine‐primed reinstatement, which was blocked by VTA infusions of the selective GABAB receptor antagonist 2‐hydroxysaclofen. HT7 stimulation significantly decreased acute cocaine‐induced DA release in the NAc, which was also blocked by 2‐hydroxysaclofen. HT7 acupuncture also attenuated cocaine‐induced sensitization of extracellular DA levels in the NAc. Moreover, HT7 acupuncture reduced both locomotor activity and neuronal activation in the NAc induced by acute cocaine in a needle‐penetration depth‐dependent fashion. These results suggest that acupuncture may suppress cocaine‐induced DA release in the NAc and cocaine‐seeking behavior through activation of VTA GABA neurons. Acupuncture may be an effective therapy to reduce cocaine relapse by enhancing GABAergic inhibition in the VTA.
The prevalence of diabetes after gestational diabetes – An Australian perspective
Authors: Moses Robert Geoffrey , Goluza Ivana , Borchard Jay Philip , Harman Alexandra , Dunning Alicia , Milosavljevic Marianna 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundWomen with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are likely to develop diabetes in later life. International reports and reviews indicate a variable but generally high rate of conversion. However, data from international reports are difficult to apply to an Australian population.AimTo investigate in Australia, in a representative population, the prevalence of diabetes developing in women who have been diagnosed with one criteria and who have had uniform standards of clinical care.Material and methodsThis study considered women referred with a diagnosis of GDM according to the Australasian Diabetes in Pregnancy Society criteria and seen by one practitioner over a 20 year period, from 1991 to 2010. The area of referral had an ethnic distribution similar to the overall Australian demography.ResultsDespite, in some cases, being more than 25 years since the pregnancy, more than half the women were contactable and the majority agreed to have their diabetes status declared or determined. The overall prevalence was 10.3%. The prevalence at each 10 year age increment was more than twice the figure reported from the AusDiab study. A higher maternal body mass index and a positive family history of diabetes were the strongest predictive factors. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 0.9%.ConclusionIn a representative population, after GDM, the prevalence of diabetes of 10.3% was far lower than that reported internationally but was still about twice the rate for the overall Australian population.
Mobilizing the Public Against the President: Congress and the Political Costs of Unilateral Action
Authors: Christenson Dino P. , Kriner Douglas L. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPrior scholarship overlooks the capacity of other actors to raise the political costs of unilateral action by turning public opinion against the president. Through a series of five experiments embedded in nationally representative surveys, we demonstrate Congress's ability to erode support for unilateral actions by raising both constitutional and policy‐based objections to the exercise of unilateral power. Congressional challenges to the unilateral president diminish support for executive action across a range of policy areas in both the foreign and domestic realm and are particularly influential when they explicitly argue that presidents are treading on congressional prerogatives. We also find evidence that constitutional challenges are more effective when levied by members of Congress than by other actors. The results resolve a debate in the literature and suggest a mechanism through which Congress might exercise a constraint on the president, even when it is unable to check him legislatively.
Prevalence of type I sensitization to alpha‐gal in forest service employees and hunters
Authors: Fischer J. , Lupberger E. , Hebsaker J. , Blumenstock G. , Aichinger E. , Yazdi A. S. , Reick D. , Oehme R. , Biedermann T. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe production of IgE molecules specific to the carbohydrate galactose‐α‐1,3‐galactose (alpha‐gal) is known to induce delayed anaphylaxis against mammalian meat. Tick bites constitute the primary sensitization source, as ticks transfer alpha‐gal in their saliva to a host during a bite. The reported prevalence of alpha‐gal‐specific IgE (alpha‐gal‐sIgE) positivity varies between different populations from diverse geographic regions.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of alpha‐gal‐sIgE positivity in a population of forest service employees who are highly exposed to ticks in comparison with a residential population and a historic sample.MethodsA cross‐sectional study evaluating 300 forest service employees and hunters from southwest Germany was performed. Alpha‐gal‐sIgE levels were assessed by ImmunoCAP assay. The prevalence of alpha‐gal‐sIgE‐positive individuals was compared with a matched cohort composed of a residential population and blood samples from forest service employees collected 15 years ago.ResultsIn the study population, the prevalence of alpha‐gal‐sIgE‐positive (≥0.10 kUA/L) individuals was 35.0%, whereas the prevalence of individuals with alpha‐gal‐sIgE levels ≥0.35 kUA/L was 19.3%. Alpha‐gal‐sIgE positivity was associated with total IgE levels and recent tick bites. Mammalian meat‐induced delayed anaphylaxis was found in 8.6% of the participants with alpha‐gal‐sIgE levels ≥0.35 kUA/L. For forest service employees and hunters, the odds ratio for alpha‐gal‐sIgE positivity was 2.48 compared to the residential population. The prevalence of alpha‐gal‐sIgE positivity in the current and historic cohort was comparable.ConclusionForest service employees and hunters compose a population with a high prevalence of alpha‐gal‐sIgE positivity and carry a considerable risk of red meat allergy.
Oxidative stress serves as a key checkpoint for IL‐33 release by airway epithelium
Authors: Uchida M. , Anderson E. L. , Squillace D. L. , Patil N. , Maniak P. J. , Iijima K. , Kita H. , O'Grady S. M. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackgroundInterleukin (IL)‐33 is implicated in the pathophysiology of asthma and allergic diseases. However, our knowledge is limited regarding how IL‐33 release is controlled. The transcription factor nuclear factor‐erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a key role in antioxidant response regulation.ObjectiveThe goal of this project was to investigate the role of cellular oxidative stress in controlling IL‐33 release in airway epithelium.MethodsComplementary approaches were used that included human bronchial epithelial cells and mouse models of airway type‐2 immunity that were exposed to fungus Alternaria extract. The clinically available Nrf2 activator 2‐cyano‐3,12‐dioxooleana‐1,9‐dien‐28‐oic acid methyl ester (CDDO‐Me) was used to evaluate the role of Nrf2‐induced antioxidant molecules.ResultsHuman bronchial epithelial cells produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) when they were exposed to Alternaria extract. ROS scavengers, such as glutathione (GSH) and N‐acetyl cysteine, prevented extracellular secretion of ATP and increases in intracellular calcium concentrations that precede IL‐33 release. Administration of CDDO‐Me to mice enhanced expression of a number of antioxidant molecules in the lungs and elevated lung levels of endogenous GSH. Importantly, CDDO‐Me treatment reduced allergen‐induced ATP secretion and IL‐33 release by airway epithelial cells in vitro and protected mice from IL‐33 release and asthma‐like pathological changes in the lungs.ConclusionsThe balance between oxidative stress and antioxidant responses plays a key role in controlling IL‐33 release in airway epithelium. The therapeutic potential of Nrf2 activators needs to be considered for asthma and allergic airway diseases.
Reduced anterior chamber contamination by frequent surface irrigation with diluted iodine solutions during cataract surgery
Authors: Shimada Hiroyuki , Arai Shinji , Nakashizuka Hiroyuki , Hattori Takayuki , Yuzawa Mitsuko 
Published: March 2017

AbstractPurposeTo verify that ocular surface irrigation with 0.025% povidone–iodine (PI) or 0.0025% polyvinyl alcohol–iodine (PAI) during cataract surgery minimizes bacterial contamination of the anterior chamber.MethodsThe study was a prospective, interventional case series. First, the bactericidal effect of PI or PAI against Staphylococcus aureus was evaluated in vitro. Next, in 400 eyes undergoing cataract surgery, the ocular surface was irrigated every 20 seconds during surgery with balanced salt solution (BSS; 200 eyes) or BSS containing 0.025% PI (100 eyes) or 0.0025% PAI (100 eyes). At the completion of surgery, anterior chamber fluid was cultured bacteriologically. Visual acuity (VA) and corneal endothelial cell density were measured before and 7 days after surgery.ResultsA marked bactericidal effect was observed when S. aureus was directly exposed for 15 seconds to 0.01% PI or 0.001% PAI diluted in BSS. When the two solutions were stored at room temperature, bactericidal effect did not attenuate after 60 min. The bacterial detection rate at the completion of surgery was significantly reduced in 0.025% PI (0%, 0/100 eyes) or 0.0025% PAI group (0%, 0/100 eyes) compared to BSS group (5%, 10/200 eyes) (p = 0.0340). No differences in postoperative visual acuity and postoperative corneal endothelial cell density were observed between three groups.ConclusionIn cataract surgery, irrigation every 20 seconds of the operative field with 0.025% PI or 0.0025% PAI, both of which contain 0.0025% available iodine concentration, achieved a very low bacterial contamination rate in the anterior chamber.
Dissecting microRNA dysregulation in age‐related macular degeneration: new targets for eye gene therapy
Authors: Askou Anne Louise , Alsing Sidsel , Holmgaard Andreas , Bek Toke , Corydon Thomas J. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key regulators of gene expression in humans. Overexpression or depletion of individual miRNAs is associated with human disease. Current knowledge suggests that the retina is influenced by miRNAs and that dysregulation of miRNAs as well as alterations in components of the miRNA biogenesis machinery are involved in retinal diseases, including age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Furthermore, recent studies have indicated that the vitreous has a specific panel of circulating miRNAs and that this panel varies according to the specific pathological stress experienced by the retinal cells. MicroRNA (miRNA) profiling indicates subtype‐specific miRNA profiles for late‐stage AMD highlighting the importance of proper miRNA regulation in AMD. This review will describe the function of important miRNAs involved in inflammation, oxidative stress and pathological neovascularization, the key molecular mechanisms leading to AMD, and focus on dysregulated miRNAs as potential therapeutic targets in AMD.
Statin Use Correlates with Reduced Risk of Pyogenic Liver Abscess: A Population‐Based Case–Control Study
Authors: Liao Kuan‐Fu , Cheng Kao‐Chi , Lin Cheng‐Li , Lai Shih‐Wei 
Published: March 2017

AbstractLittle research is available on the relationship between statin use and pyogenic liver abscess. The objective of the study was to determine whether prior use of statins is associated with pyogenic liver abscess. This case–control study was conducted to analyse the claim data of the Taiwan National Health Insurance Program. There were 1828 participants aged 20–84 years with first episode of pyogenic liver abscess from 2000 to 2013 as the cases and 1828 randomly selected participants without pyogenic liver abscess matched with sex, age and index year as the controls. Statin use was defined as ‘current’, ‘recent’ or ‘past’ if the statin prescription was filled ≤3 months, 3–6 months or >6 months before the date of pyogenic liver abscess diagnosis, respectively. Relative risk of pyogenic liver abscess associated with statin use was estimated by the odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the multivariable logistic regression model. After controlling for potential confounders, the adjusted ORs of pyogenic liver abscess were 0.65 for participants with current use of statins (95% CI 0.50, 0.84), 0.74 for participants with recent use of statins (95% CI 0.49, 1.11), and 1.10 for participants with past use of statins (95% CI 0.90, 1.34), compared with participants with never use of statins. In the further analysis, the adjusted ORs of pyogenic liver abscess were 0.65 for participants with cumulative duration of statin use ≥12 months (95% CI 0.48, 0.88) and 0.68 for participants with cumulative duration of statin use <12 months (95% CI 0.43, 1.07), compared with participants with never use of statins. Our findings provide strong evidence that patients with current use of statins are associated with a 35% reduced odds of pyogenic liver abscess. The protective effect is stronger for longer duration of statin use.
Safety and benefits of antenatal oral iron supplementation in low‐income countries: a review
Authors: Mwangi Martin N. , Prentice Andrew M. , Verhoef Hans 
Published: March 2017

SummaryThe World Health Organization recommends universal iron supplementation of 30–60 mg/day in pregnancy but coverage is low in most countries. Its efficacy is uncertain, however, and there has been a vigorous debate in the last decade about its safety, particularly in areas with a high burden of malaria and other infectious diseases. We reviewed the evidence on the safety and efficacy of antenatal iron supplementation in low‐income countries. We found no evidence that daily supplementation at a dose of 60 mg leads to increased maternal Plasmodium infection risk. On the other hand, recent meta‐analyses found that antenatal iron supplementation provides benefits for maternal health (severe anaemia at postpartum, blood transfusion). For neonates, there was a reduced prematurity risk, and only a small or no effect on birth weight. A recent trial showed, however, that benefits of antenatal iron supplementation on maternal and neonatal health vary by maternal iron status, with substantial benefits in iron‐deficient women. The benefits of universal iron supplementation are likely to vary with the prevalence of iron deficiency. As a consequence, the balance between benefits and risks is probably more favourable in low‐income countries than in high‐income countries despite the higher exposure to infectious pathogens.