bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
REV-ERBα influences the stability and nuclear localization of the glucocorticoid receptor
Authors: Okabe Takashi , Chavan Rohit , Fonseca Costa Sara S. , Brenna Andrea , Ripperger Jürgen A. , Albrecht Urs 
Published: September 2016

ABSTRACT
REV-ERBα (encoded by Nr1d1) is a nuclear receptor that is part of the circadian clock mechanism and regulates metabolism and inflammatory processes. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR, encoded by Nr3c1) influences similar processes, but is not part of the circadian clock, although glucocorticoid signaling affects resetting of the circadian clock in peripheral tissues. Because of their similar impact on physiological processes, we studied the interplay between these two nuclear receptors. We found that REV-ERBα binds to the C-terminal portion and GR to the N-terminal portion of HSP90α and HSP90β, a chaperone responsible for the activation of proteins to ensure survival of a cell. The presence of REV-ERBα influences the stability and nuclear localization of GR by an unknown mechanism, thereby affecting expression of GR target genes, such as IκBα (Nfkbia) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (Adh1). Our findings highlight an important interplay between two nuclear receptors that influence the transcriptional potential of each other. This indicates that the transcriptional landscape is strongly dependent on dynamic processes at the protein level.
New Development Vectors in the System of Additional Pedagogical Professional Education in Moscow
Authors: Рытов  , Rytov A. 
Published: September 2016

The article considers the factors depending on the features of management of educational organizations in Moscow, which had made an impact
on the activity of the educational organization’s leaders and placed new demands on the system of professional training and further training. The
project “Effective leader of capital education” is presented, which is realized through the module program, realization of the project of educational
organization’s leader and the system of mentoring support. The principles of educational programs development are given, the features of classes giving
and the requirements for training results are considered.
Preparation of Teachers to Create a Culture of Media Information Consumption
Authors: Жуковский  , Zhukovskiy V. , Шанин  , Shanin S. 
Published: September 2016

The article considers one of the most important conditions for quality training of the teacher — the process of building a culture of information
consumption. The article provides pedagogical conditions of preparation of the future teaching staff to media education students, highlights the main
challenges that accompany this process. In conclusion, special techniques and programs are indicated aimed at the development and correction of
culture media consumption, the need to develop and implement new systems of marked direction is justified.
Methodological Aspects of the Development of Test Tasks As a Means of Mathematical Concepts Formation
Authors: Воинова  , Voinova I. , Сафонова  , Safonova L. 
Published: September 2016

The article is devoted to the methodical features of construction of test tasks aimed at the formation of mathematical concepts. The authors analyze
the pedagogical and psychological aspects of the given process, based on the logical rules of construction of determination notions and existing of the
concept of the formation of mathematical concepts. The paper discloses and substantiates the possibility of the use of test tasks as a means of formation
of mathematical concepts based on the diagnostic and didactic function tests. Methodic recommendations of application of test tasks at this or that
stage of work on notion is given. The examples of the construction test tasks in view of specificity the mathematical content are shown. The article also
examined ways of changing the complexity of these tasks, allowing you to use the proposed materials in the profile of teaching mathematics.
Materials of the article will be useful for teachers of mathematics, students of pedagogical universities, graduate students and scientific workers
pedagogical profile.
When Is a Network Epidemic Hard to Eliminate?
Authors: Drakopoulos Kimon , Ozdaglar Asuman , Tsitsiklis John N. 
Published: September 2016

We consider the propagation of a contagion process (“epidemic”) on a network and study the problem of dynamically allocating a fixed curing budget to the nodes of the graph, at each time instant. For bounded degree graphs, we provide a lower bound on the expected time to extinction under any such dynamic allocation policy, in terms of a combinatorial quantity that we call the resistance of the set of initially infected nodes, the available budget, and the number of nodes n. Specifically, we consider the case of bounded degree graphs, with the resistance growing linearly in n. We show that if the curing budget is less than a certain multiple of the resistance, then the expected time to extinction grows exponentially with n. As a corollary, if all nodes are initially infected and the CutWidth of the graph grows linearly, while the curing budget is less than a certain multiple of the CutWidth, then the expected time to extinction grows exponentially in n. The combination of the latter with our prior work establishes a fairly sharp phase transition on the expected time to extinction (sublinear versus exponential) based on the relation between the CutWidth and the curing budget.
50th Anniversary Invited Article—Future Research Directions in Stochastic Vehicle Routing
Authors: Gendreau Michel , Jabali Ola , Rei Walter 
Published: September 2016

Stochastic vehicle routing, which deals with routing problems in which some of the key problem parameters are not known with certainty, has been an active, but fairly small research area for almost 50 years. However, over the past 15 years we have witnessed a steady increase in the number of papers targeting stochastic versions of the vehicle routing problem (VRP). This increase may be explained by the larger amount of data available to better analyze and understand various stochastic phenomena at hand, coupled with methodological advances that have yielded solution tools capable of handling some of the computational challenges involved in such problems. In this paper, we first briefly sketch the state-of-the-art in stochastic vehicle routing by examining the main classes of stochastic VRPs (problems with stochastic demands, with stochastic customers, and with stochastic travel or service times), the modeling paradigms that have been used to formulate them, and existing exact and approximate solution methods that have been proposed to tackle them. We then identify and discuss two groups of critical issues and challenges that need to be addressed to advance research in this area. These revolve around the expression of stochastic phenomena and the development of new recourse strategies. Based on this discussion, we conclude the paper by proposing a number of promising research directions.
The influence of cemented femoral stem choice on the incidence of revision for periprosthetic fracture after primary total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Palan J. , Smith M. C. , Gregg P. , Mellon S. , Kulkarni A. , Tucker K. , Blom A. W. , Murray D. W. , Pandit H. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Periprosthetic fracture (PF) after primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication. This study aims to investigate the influence of cemented stem designs on the risk of needing a revision for a PF. Patients and Methods We analysed data on 257 202 primary THAs with cemented stems and 390 linked first revisions for PF recorded in the National Joint Registry (NJR) of England, Wales and Northern Ireland to determine if a cemented femoral stem brand was associated with the risk of having revision for a PF after primary THA. All cemented femoral stem brands with more than 10 000 primary operations recorded in the NJR were identified. The four most commonly used cemented femoral stems were the Exeter V40 (n = 146 409), CPT (n = 24 300), C-Stem (n = 15 113) and Charnley (n = 20 182). We compared the revision risk ratios due to PF amongst the stems using a Poisson regression model adjusting for patient factors. Compared with the Exeter V40, the age, gender and ASA grade adjusted revision rate ratio was 3.89 for the cemented CPT stem (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.07 to 4.93), 0.89 for the C-Stem (95% CI 0.57 to 1.41) and 0.41 for the Charnley stem (95% CI 0.24 to 0.70). Conclusions The limitations of the study include incomplete data capture, analysis of only PF requiring revision and that observation does not imply causality. Nevertheless, this study demonstrates that the choice of a cemented stem may influence the risk of revision for PF. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1347–54.
Resident education in orthopaedic trauma
Authors: Nousiainen M. T. , McQueen S. A. , Hall J. , Kraemer W. , Ferguson P. , Marsh J. L. , Reznick R. R. , Reed M. R. , Sonnadara R. 
Published: September 2016

As residency training programmes around the globe move towards competency-based medical education (CBME), there is a need to review current teaching and assessment practices as they relate to education in orthopaedic trauma. Assessment is the cornerstone of CBME, as it not only helps to determine when a trainee is fit to practice independently, but it also provides feedback on performance and guides the development of competence. Although a standardised core knowledge base for trauma care has been developed by the leading national accreditation bodies and international agencies that teach and perform research in orthopaedic trauma, educators have not yet established optimal methods for assessing trainees’ performance in managing orthopaedic trauma patients. This review describes the existing knowledge from the literature on assessment in orthopaedic trauma and highlights initiatives that have recently been undertaken towards CBME in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. In order to support a CBME approach, programmes need to improve the frequency and quality of assessments and improve on current formative and summative feedback techniques in order to enhance resident education in orthopaedic trauma. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1320–5.
Data errors in the National Hip Fracture Database
Authors: Cundall-Curry D. J. , Lawrence J. E. , Fountain D. M. , Gooding C. R. 
Published: September 2016

Aims We present an audit comparing our level I major trauma centre’s data for a cohort of patients with hip fractures in the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD) with locally held data on these patients. Patients and Methods A total of 2036 records for episodes between July 2009 and June 2014 were reviewed. Results The demographics of nine patients were recorded incorrectly. The rate of incorrect data in operation codes was most significant with overall accuracy of 0.637 (95% CI 0.615 to 0.658). The sensitivity of NHFD coding ranged from 0.250 to 1.000 and the specificity 0.879 to 0.999. The recording of cementation had a sensitivity of 0.932 and specificity of 0.713. The recording of total hip arthroplasty had a sensitivity of 0.739 and specificity of 0.983. The overall accuracy of mortality data was 0.942 (95% CI 0.931 to 0.952), with sensitivity of 0.967 and specificity of 0.419. Conclusion This paper highlights the need for local audit of the integrity of data uploaded to the NHFD. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1406–9.
Outcomes following excision of Morton’s interdigital neuroma
Authors: Bucknall V. , Rutherford D. , MacDonald D. , Shalaby H. , McKinley J. , Breusch S. J. 
Published: September 2016

Aims This is the first prospective study to report the pre- and post-operative patient reported outcomes and satisfaction scores following excision of interdigital Morton’s neuroma. Patients and Methods Between May 2006 and April 2013, we prospectively studied 99 consecutive patients (111 feet) who were to undergo excision of a Morton’s neuroma. There were 78 women and 21 men with a mean age at the time of surgery of 56 years (22 to 78). Patients completed the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire (MOXFQ), Short Form-12 (SF-12) and a supplementary patient satisfaction survey three months pre-operatively and six months post-operatively. Results Statistically significant differences were found between the mean pre- and post-operative MOXFQ and the physical component of the SF-12 scores (p = 0.00081 and p = 0.00092 respectively). Most patients reported their overall satisfaction as excellent (n = 49, 49.5%) or good (n = 29, 29.3%), but ten patients were dissatisfied, reporting poor (n = 8, 8.1%) or very poor (n = 2, 2.0%) results. Only 63 patients (63%) were pain-free at follow-up: in eight patients (8.1%), the MOXFQ score worsened. There was no statistically significant difference in outcome between surgery on single or multiple sites. However, the MOXFQ scores were significantly worse after revision surgery (p = 0.004). Conclusions The patient-reported outcomes after resection of a symptomatic Morton’s neuroma are acceptable but may not be as good as earlier studies suggest. Surgery at several sites can be undertaken safely but caution should be exercised when considering revision surgery. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1376–81.
Patient-specific instrumentation improves the accuracy of acetabular component placement in total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Spencer-Gardner L. , Pierrepont J. , Topham M. , Baré J. , McMahon S. , Shimmin A. J. 
Published: September 2016

Aims Accurate placement of the acetabular component during total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an important factor in the success of the procedure. However, the reported accuracy varies greatly and is dependent upon whether free hand or navigated techniques are used. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of an instrument system that incorporates 3D printed, patient-specific guides designed to optimise the placement of the acetabular component. Patients and Methods A total of 100 consecutive patients were prospectively enrolled and the accuracy of placement of the acetabular component was measured using post-operative CT scans. Results The mean absolute deviation from the planned inclination and anteversion was 3.9° (0.0° to 13.6°) and 3.6° (0.0° to 12.9°), respectively. In 91% of cases the planned target of +/-10° was achieved for both inclination and anteversion. Conclusion Accurate placement of the acetabular component can be achieved using patient-specific guides and is superior to free hand techniques and comparable to navigated and robotic techniques. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1342–6.
The plantaris tendon
Authors: Spang C. , Alfredson H. , Docking S. I. , Masci L. , Andersson G. 
Published: September 2016

In recent years, the plantaris tendon has been implicated in the development of chronic painful mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy. In some cases, a thickened plantaris tendon is closely associated with the Achilles tendon, and surgical excision of the plantaris tendon has been reported to be curative in patients who have not derived benefit following conservative treatment and surgical interventions. The aim of this review is to outline the basic aspects of, and the recent research findings, related to the plantaris tendon, covering anatomical and clinical studies including those dealing with histology, imaging and treatment. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:1312–19.
Prospective randomised comparison of ringversusrail fixator in infected gap nonunion of tibia treated with distraction osteogenesis
Authors: Rohilla R. , Wadhwani J. , Devgan A. , Singh R. , Khanna M. 
Published: September 2016

AimsThis is a prospective randomised study which compares the radiological and functional outcomes of ring and rail fixators in patients with an infected gap (> 3 cm) nonunion of the tibia.Patients and MethodsBetween May 2008 and February 2013, 70 patients were treated at our Institute for a posttraumatic osseocutaneous defect of the tibia measuring at least 3 cm. These were randomised into two groups of 35 patients using the lottery method. Group I patients were treated with a ring fixator and group II patients with a rail fixator. The mean age was 33.2 years (18 to 64) in group I and 29.3 years (18 to 65) in group II. The mean bone gap was 5.84 cm in group I and 5.78 cm in group II. The mean followup was 33.8 months in group I and 32.6 months in group II. Bone and functional results were assessed using the classification of the Association for the Study and Application of the Method of Ilizarov (ASAMI). Functional results were also assessed at six months using the short musculoskeletal functional assessment (SMFA) score.ResultsThe bone result was excellent, good, fair and poor in 21, 12, 0 and 2 in group I; and 14, 15, 3, and 3 in group II, respectively. The functional results were excellent, good, fair, poor and failure in 16, 17, 1, 0 and 1 in group I; and 22, 10, 0, 3 and 0 in group II, respectively. Both fixator systems achieved comparable rates of union and functional outcomes. The rate of deep pintract infection was significantly higher in the rail fixator group but patients found it more comfortable.ConclusionWe recommend the use of a ring fixator in patients with a bone gap of more than 6 cm. Patients with a bone gap up to 6 cm can be managed with either a ring or rail fixator. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98B:1399–1405.
Early outcomes of twin-peg mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty compared with primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lum Z. C. , Lombardi A. V. , Hurst J. M. , Morris M. J. , Adams J. B. , Berend K. R. 
Published: September 2016

AimsSince redesign of the Oxford phase III mobile-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) femoral component to a twin-peg design, there has not been a direct comparison to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Thus, we explored differences between the two cohorts.Patients and MethodsA total of 168 patients (201 knees) underwent medial UKA with the Oxford Partial Knee Twin-Peg. These patients were compared with a randomly selected group of 177 patients (189 knees) with primary Vanguard TKA. Patient demographics, Knee Society (KS) scores and range of movement (ROM) were compared between the two cohorts. Additionally, revision, re-operation and manipulation under anaesthesia rates were analysed.ResultsThe mean follow-up for UKA and TKA groups was 5.4 and 5.5 years, respectively. Six TKA (3.2%) versus three UKAs (1.5%) were revised which was not significant (p = 0.269). Manipulation was more frequent after TKA (16; 8.5%) versus none in the UKA group (p < 0.001). UKA patients had higher post-operative KS function scores versus TKA patients (78 versus 66, p < 0.001) with a trend toward greater improvement, but there was no difference in ROM and KS clinical improvement (p = 0.382 and 0.420, respectively).ConclusionWe found fewer manipulations, and higher functional outcomes for patients treated with medial mobile-bearing UKA compared with TKA. TKA had twice the revision rate as UKA although this did not reach statistical significance with the numbers available. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):28–33.
Ten- to 15-year results of the Oxford Phase III mobile unicompartmental knee arthroplasty
Authors: Lisowski L. A. , Meijer L. I. , Bekerom M. P. J. van den , Pilot P. , Lisowski A. E. 
Published: September 2016

Aims The interest in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for medial osteoarthritis has increased rapidly but the long-term follow-up of the Oxford UKAs has yet to be analysed in non-designer centres. We have examined our ten- to 15-year clinical and radiological follow-up data for the Oxford Phase III UKAs. Patients and Methods Between January 1999 and January 2005 a total of 138 consecutive Oxford Phase III arthroplasties were performed by a single surgeon in 129 patients for medial compartment osteoarthritis (71 right and 67 left knees, mean age 72.0 years (47 to 91), mean body mass index 28.2 (20.7 to 52.2)). Both clinical data and radiographs were prospectively recorded and obtained at intervals. Of the 129 patients, 32 patients (32 knees) died, ten patients (12 knees) were not able to take part in the final clinical and radiological assessment due to physical and mental conditions, but via telephone interview it was confirmed that none of these ten patients (12 knees) had a revision of the knee arthroplasty. One patient (two knees) was lost to follow-up. Results The mean follow-up was 11.7 years (10 to 15). A total of 11 knees (8%) were revised. The survival at 15 years with revision for any reason as the endpoint was 90.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 85.2 to 96.0) and revision related to the prosthesis was 99.3% (95% CI 97.9 to 100). The mean total Knee Society Score was 47 (0 to 80) pre-operatively and 81 (30 to 100) at latest follow-up. The mean Oxford Knee Score was 19 (12 to 40) pre-operatively and 42 (28 to 55) at final follow-up. Radiolucency beneath the tibial component occurred in 22 of 81 prostheses (27.2%) without evidence of loosening. Conclusion This study supports the use of UKA in medial compartment osteoarthritis with excellent long-term functional and radiological outcomes with an excellent 15-year survival rate. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):41–7.
Gait comparison of unicompartmental and total knee arthroplasties with healthy controls
Authors: Jones G. G. , Kotti M. , Wiik A. V. , Collins R. , Brevadt M. J. , Strachan R. K. , Cobb J. P. 
Published: September 2016

Aims To compare the gait of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) patients with healthy controls, using a machine-learning approach. Patients and Methods 145 participants (121 healthy controls, 12 patients with cruciate-retaining TKA, and 12 with mobile-bearing medial UKA) were recruited. The TKA and UKA patients were a minimum of 12 months post-operative, and matched for pattern and severity of arthrosis, age, and body mass index. Participants walked on an instrumented treadmill until their maximum walking speed was reached. Temporospatial gait parameters, and vertical ground reaction force data, were captured at each speed. Oxford knee scores (OKS) were also collected. An ensemble of trees algorithm was used to analyse the data: 27 gait variables were used to train classification trees for each speed, with a binary output prediction of whether these variables were derived from a UKA or TKA patient. Healthy control gait data was then tested by the decision trees at each speed and a final classification (UKA or TKA) reached for each subject in a majority voting manner over all gait cycles and speeds. Top walking speed was also recorded. Results 92% of the healthy controls were classified by the decision tree as a UKA, 5% as a TKA, and 3% were unclassified. There was no significant difference in OKS between the UKA and TKA patients (p = 0.077). Top walking speed in TKA patients (1.6 m/s; 1.3 to 2.1) was significantly lower than that of both the UKA group (2.2 m/s; 1.8 to 2.7) and healthy controls (2.2 m/s; 1.5 to 2.7; p < 0.001). Conclusion UKA results in a more physiological gait compared with TKA, and a higher top walking speed. This difference in function was not detected by the OKS. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B(10 Suppl B):16–21.