bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring plasticity in the development path of the automotive industry in Baden-Württemberg: the role of combinatorial knowledge dynamics
Authors: Strambach Simone , Klement Benjamin 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Profound insights into why some regional paths remain dynamic over several decades while others follow a bumpy road and become stuck in the past are still scarce. This paper addresses this gap by contributing to a deeper understanding of dynamics within territorial paths. It focuses on organizational and institutional changes connected with so-called combinatorial knowledge dynamics. We claim that especially innovations based on the transversal combination of separated knowledge bases are connected to the gradual transformation, recombination or creation of institutions at the microlevel. This contribution explores the dynamics within the automotive industry of Baden-Württemberg by providing a meso-level overview of the trajectory of its technological and institutional development as well as an analysis of a case study that illustrates the gradual institutional change on the micro-level in the course of knowledge combination.
Path dependence and path plasticity: textile cities in the Netherlands
Authors: Vissers Geert , Dankbaar Ben 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
Concentrating on three Dutch cities that once had an important textile industry, this study discusses the reasons for the decline of the industry and the responses by firms and other relevant actors. Reasons and responses differed between cities. Therefore, general explanations of the decline of the Dutch textile industry must be supplemented with city-specific accounts. We do not deny that the industry had to deal with path dependence, and lock-in was looming large, but we argue that the demise of the textile industry was not inevitable. The notion of path plasticity helps to direct attention to options that could have been chosen.
The role of protected areas in destination choice in the European Alps
Authors: Pröbstl-Haider Ulrike , Haider Wolfgang 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates the role of protected areas (PA) for destination choice in the European Alps. It is based on the analysis of the most relevant types of PA (national park, nature park, biosphere reserve), constituting part of the supply of tourism development, and a representative survey of the German population interested in holidays in the alpine area, representing the demand. Our analysis of the legal framework showed that all three types of PA facilitate tourism development, albeit in different ways. The survey included a generic choice experiment of alpine destinations with 17 attributes. Its location in or close to a PA was included as one variable. This destination demand study in an area of origin provided a different perspective on the preference for PA compared to other studies, and revealed significant differences between respondents with and without previous experiences in the Alps. The alpine experienced tourist is more likely to distinguish between the various types of PA such as national park and nature park. For the inexperienced alpine tourist, representing latent demand, the branding effect of PA is rather limited. For nearly all tourists, experienced and inexperienced, and across all segments, offers that include a nature experience are important. Nature experience, which is offered by all types of PA, is of high relevance within the destination choice and should therefore be used more intensely in destination marketing based on PA. Overall, this study shows that the role of PA for destination choice is not as strong as is reported by most of the published literature, as most of these studies are based on surveys in the destination and use single item scaling questions, which overvalue the role of PA.
Field configuration or field reproduction?
Authors: Gibson Rachael , Bathelt Harald 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
This paper builds on discussions about field-configuring events (FCEs) and cyclical/temporary clusters by investigating the role of trade fairs in structuring processes of knowledge creation in an industry or technology field. It argues that while fundamental field-configuring activities, such as shifts in technological trajectories, are not typically associated with trade fairs, these events play an important role in field reproduction through decentralized processes of knowledge exchange and learning, supported by the global cycles of events. Yet, knowledge flows across different events are rarely as continuous and fluid as in an ideal-type cyclical cluster context. Despite some overlap in their goals and audiences, different trade fairs generally serve different functions and are characterized by diverse knowledge practices. This is illustrated through an empirical analysis of the global trade fair cycle of the lighting industry, which is based on semi-structured interviews and systematic observations conducted at three international/national trade fairs: LightFair International (USA), IIDEX/NeoCon Canada and Light + Building (Germany). From this, we suggest that most trade fairs establish a permanent middle-ground between, but quite distant from, the extreme ideal-types of discrete field-configuration and continuous knowledge circulation.
Mother’s Beliefs, Attitudes, and Decision Making Related to Infant Feeding Choices
Authors: Radzyminski Sharon , Callister Lynn Clark 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTAll mothers at some point make a decision about whether to breast- or formula feed their infant. Marital status, education, age, culture, and confidence have all been identified as variables affecting this decision. Previous research has concentrated on the decision-making process in breastfeeding mothers. This qualitative descriptive study investigated the beliefs, attitudes, and decisions of both breast- and formula-feeding mothers. Four categories were identified influencing maternal decision making: (a) infant nutritional benefits, (b) maternal benefits, (c) knowledge about infant feeding, and (d) personal and professional support. Analysis of the data indicated that mothers differed in their choice depending on whether they were infant- or maternal-centered and that most women combine both methods of feeding.
Access, Use, and Preferences for Technology-Based Perinatal and Breastfeeding Support Among Childbearing Women
Authors: Demirci Jill Radtke , Cohen Susan M. , Parker Maris , Holmes Ashleigh , Bogen Debra L. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACTWe surveyed 146 postpartum women who birthed at 34–37 6/7 weeks of gestation and intended to breastfeed about their use of and preferences regarding technology to obtain perinatal and breastfeeding support. Most participants owned smartphones and used technology during pregnancy to track pregnancy data, follow fetal development, address pregnancy concerns, and obtain breastfeeding information. Internet, e-mail, apps, and multiplatform resources were the most popular technologies used and preferred. Demographic differences existed in mobile technology access and preferences for different technologies. In terms of technology-based breastfeeding support, women wanted encouragement, anticipatory guidance, and information about milk production. A nuanced understanding of the technology childbearing women use and desire has the potential to impact clinical care and inform perinatal support interventions.
Intrathoracic Glenohumeral Dislocation without Fracture of the Humerus
Authors: Lin Clifford , Mollon Brent , Scott Caroline , Brady Philip , Axelrod Terry S. , Jenkinson Richard J. 
Published: January 2016

Case:A fifty-three-year-old man presented with an intrathoracic glenohumeral dislocation (ITGHD) and associated hemothorax, rib fracture, massive rotator cuff tear, and axillary nerve palsy following an ice hockey injury. Treatment consisted of closed reduction and staged open rotator cuff repair. Despite a substantial injury, the patient recovered nearly normal use of the arm two years postoperatively.Conclusion:ITGHD is an extremely rare entity. This injury should be managed by a multidisciplinary team with anticipation of associated thoracic and vascular injuries. In cases with repairable pathology (e.g., an acute rotator cuff tear), good functional outcomes can be obtained.
Bernese Periacetabular Osteotomy in a Young Adult with an Ipsilateral Renal Transplant
Authors: Collado Diego , Sallent Andrea , Seijas Roberto , Aguirre-Canyadell Marius , Ganz Reinhold 
Published: January 2016

Case:
An eighteen-year-old woman was referred to our center because of left groin pain and was diagnosed with acetabular dysplasia. The proposed treatment was a Bernese periacetabular osteotomy (PAO). The patient had undergone two renal transplants due to polycystic kidney disease; the current, functional kidney was at the lateral inguinal fossa on the left side. The patient was on chronic immunosuppressants and antihypertensive therapy.

Conclusion:
The present case shows that PAO can be a safe procedure with good outcomes even in patients who have undergone renal transplantation.
Assessment of Service Quality at Community Pharmacies in the City of Belgrade, Republic of Serbia / Procena Kvaliteta Usluge U Apotekama U Gradu Beogradu, Republika Srbija
Authors: Prokic Andjelka , Davidovic Mirjana , Gunjic Nenad 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
One of the principles of rational drug use is informing patients about their prescribed drug and its effects. A pharmacist has to contribute to safe and appropriate drug use and give patients adequate drug information. Service quality in pharmacies is examined by measuring drug use indicators provided by the World Health Organisation. Indicators relevant for pharmacies include patient care indicators and health facility indicators.
The goal of this paper is to measure indicators of drug use in both private and state-owned pharmacies.
Drug use indicators were measured prospectively in private and state-owned-owned pharmacies in Belgrade, Serbia. The study is designed as a cross-sectional study. The research was conducted withon 100 patients at each of 14 pharmacies, 7 of which were state-owned and 7 of which were private. Pharmacies were selected randomly.
Drug use indicators were not significantly different between private and state-owned pharmacies, except for their essential drugs lists. To improve pharmaceutical health care and achieve rational pharmacotherapy, all pharmacists should dedicate more time to patients.
Comparison of Self-report and Performance-Based Balance Measures for Predicting Recurrent Falls in People With Parkinson Disease: Cohort Study
Authors: Almeida Lorena R.S. , Valenca Guilherme T. , Negreiros Nádja N. , Pinto Elen B. , Oliveira-Filho Jamary 
Published: January 2016

Abstract

Background
Balance confidence and fear of falling are factors associated with recurrent falls in people with Parkinson disease (PD). However, the accuracy for predicting falls on the basis of self-report measures has not been widely investigated.

Objective
The study objectives were: (1) to compare the accuracy of the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) and the Falls Efficacy Scale–International (FES-I) with that of the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI), Functional Reach Test (FRT), and Timed “Up & Go” Test (TUG) for predicting recurrent falls in people with PD and (2) to explore the ability of combinations of up to 3 tests to predict recurrent falls.

Design
This was a prospective cohort study involving 225 people with PD.

Methods
Participants were assessed with the ABC, FES-I, BBS, FRT, TUG, and DGI. Participants who reported 2 or more falls in the 12-month follow-up period were classified as recurrent fallers. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves were determined, and the Akaike information criterion was used to select the best predictive model.

Results
Eighty-four participants (37.3%) were classified as recurrent fallers. Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for the ABC, FES-I, TUG, FRT, DGI, and BBS were 0.73, 0.74, 0.72, 0.74, 0.76, and 0.79, respectively. Two-test models provided additional discriminating ability compared with individual measures and had Akaike information criterion values similar to those of 3-test models, particularly the combination of the BBS with the FES-I.

Limitations
The lack of an external validation sample was a limitation of this study.

Conclusions
The ABC and FES-I demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting recurrent falls and a predictive ability similar to that of performance-based balance measures, especially the FRT and the TUG. Two-test models showed performance similar to that of 3-test models, suggesting that a combination of 2 measures may improve the ability to predict recurrent falls in people with PD. Specifically, the combination of the BBS with the FES-I may be considered.
Very late ischemic complications in flow-diverter stents: a retrospective analysis of a single-center series
Authors: Guédon Alexis , Clarençon Frédéric , Di Maria Federico , Rosso Charlotte , Biondi Alessandra , Gabrieli Joseph , Rojas Patricia , Chiras Jacques , Sourour Nader 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
The authors evaluate the rate and discuss the pathomechanisms of very late (≥ 4-month) ischemic complications after flow-diverter stent (FDS) placement for intracranial aneurysms.

METHODS
The authors retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of the patients treated at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital between January 2010 and September 2014, who underwent FDS placement for intracranial aneurysm. The patients received dual-antiplatelet therapy (clopidogrel and aspirin) 5 days before and 3–6 months after the procedure and then aspirin alone for 6–9 months. An ischemic complication was defined as a sudden focal neurological deficit documented on diffusion-weighted images.

RESULTS
Eighty-six consecutive patients were included. Three (3.5%) patients treated with the Pipeline embolization device experienced a delayed acute ischemic stroke (2 cases of perforator/side-wall branch infarction and 1 case of thromboembolic stroke) with an average delay of 384 days (4 months, 20 months, and 13 months, respectively). The aneurysm locations were the left superior cerebellar artery, the right anterior choroid artery, and the left internal carotid artery (paraclinoid segment), respectively. The complications occurred after the patients had completed the antiaggregation protocol, except for Patient 1, who was receiving aspirin alone because of a spontaneous hematoma. At the acute phase, no in-stent thromboses were found on digital subtraction angiography. In Patient 2, the treated anterior choroid artery was occluded 20 months after the procedure. In Patient 3, a focal stenosis (approximately 40%) of the distal aspect of the FDS, probably caused by intimal hyperplasia, was seen.

CONCLUSIONS
Very late ischemic complications after FDS treatment were observed in 3.5% of the cases in the authors' series, some of which occurred as late as more than 1 year after placement.
Seven-year cost-effectiveness of ProDisc-C total disc replacement: results from investigational device exemption and post-approval studies
Authors: Radcliff Kris , Lerner Jason , Yang Chao , Bernard Thierry , Zigler Jack E. 
Published: January 2016

OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the 7-year cost-effectiveness of cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) versus anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) for the treatment of patients with single-level symptomatic degenerative disc disease. A change in the spending trajectory for spine care is to be achieved, in part, through the selection of interventions that have been proven effective yet cost less than other options. This analysis complements and builds upon findings from other cost-effectiveness evaluations of CTDR through the use of long-term, patient-level data from a randomized study.

METHODS
This was a 7-year health economic evaluation comparing CTDR versus ACDF from the US commercial payer perspective. Prospectively collected health care resource utilization and treatment effects (quality-adjusted life years [QALYs]) were obtained from individual patient-level adverse event reports and SF-36 data, respectively, from the randomized, multicenter ProDisc-C total disc replacement investigational device exemption (IDE) study and post-approval study. Statistical distributions for unit costs were derived from a commercial claims database and applied using Monte Carlo simulation. Patient-level costs and effects were modeled via multivariate probabilistic analysis. Confidence intervals for 7-year costs, effects, and net monetary benefit (NMB) were obtained using the nonparametric percentile method from results of 10,000 bootstrap simulations. The robustness of results was assessed through scenario analysis and within a parametric regression model controlling for baseline variables.

RESULTS
Seven-year follow-up data were available for more than 70% of the 209 randomized patients. In the base-case analysis, CTDR resulted in mean per-patient cost savings of $12,789 (95% CI $5362–$20,856) and per-patient QALY gains of 0.16 (95% CI −0.073 to 0.39) compared with ACDF over 7 years. CTDR was more effective and less costly in 90.8% of probabilistic simulations. CTDR was cost-effective in 99.8% of sensitivity analysis simulations and generated a mean incremental NMB of $20,679 (95% CI $6053–$35,377) per patient at a willingness-to-pay threshold of $50,000/QALY.

CONCLUSIONS
Based on this modeling evaluation, CTDR was found to be more effective and less costly over a 7-year time horizon for patients with single-level symptomatic degenerative disc disease. These results are robust across a range of scenarios and perspectives and are intended to support value-based decision making.
miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in human plasma evaluate the clinical stages of lung cancer and play a role as a tumor suppressor in lung tumorigeneisis not pathogenesis
Authors: Jia Youchao , Zang Aimin , Feng Yanguang , Li Xiao-Fang , Zhang Ke , Li Hefei , Wang Ruiyao , Wei Yaning , Huo Ran 
Published: January 2016

<p class="Abstract">It was aimed to explore the expression level of miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in the plasma of lung cancer patients and analysis their differences in expre-ssion. The expression level of both miRNA-486 and miRNA-499 in the plasma of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) were lower than that of the control group (p&lt;0.05) and the decrease was more obvious in NSCLC. Compare with the miRNA-499，expression quantity in NSCLC patients plasma. There was statistical significance difference (p&lt;0.05) between III～Ⅳstage and I～II stage. The expression quantity of miRNA in plasma of patients with extensive-stage SCLC was lower than that of patients with limited-stage SCLC (p&lt;0.05). The sensitivity and specificity of plasms miRNA-486 respectively were 88.5% and 83.3%. The expression of miRNA-499 and miRNA-486 in lung cancer patients were up-regulated, and might be closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of lung cancer, and might be used as potential screening and prognosis index for lung cancer.</p><p> </p>
Chemical characterization and mode of action of <i>Ligustrum lucidum</i> flower essential oil against food-borne pathogenic bacteria
Authors: Bajpai Vivek K. , Singh Siddhartha , Mehta Archana 
Published: January 2016

<p class="Abstract">Current research analyzes the chemical composition of <em>Ligustrum lucidum</em> flower essential oil obtained by the hydrodistillation, and examines its anti-microbial mode of action against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the oil resulted in the determination of 44 different compounds, representing 85.2% of the total oil. The oil (1 mg/disc) showed significant antibacterial effect as diameters of inhibition zones (14.6 ± 0.2 – 19.7 ± 0.3 mm), as well as minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentrations values (250–1000 and 250–2000 µg/mL), respectively. Based on the susceptibility, <em>L. lucidum</em> flower oil revealed its mode of action on membrane integrity as confirmed by increased release of extracellular ATP (2.5 and 2.2 pg/mL), leakage of potassium ions (950 and 900 mM/L), loss of 260-nm absorbing materials (4.2 and 3.9 optical density), and increase in relative electrical conductivity (10.6 and 9.8%) against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> KCTC-1621 (Gram-positive) and <em>Salmonella enterica</em> ATCC-4731 (Gram-negative), respectively.</p><p> </p>
CLOUDLESS ATMOSPHERES FOR L/T DWARFS AND EXTRASOLAR GIANT PLANETS
Authors: Tremblin P. , Amundsen D. S. , Chabrier G. , Baraffe I. , Drummond B. , Hinkley S. , Mourier P. , Venot O. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
The admitted, conventional scenario to explain the complex spectral evolution of brown dwarfs (BDs) since their first detection 20 years ago has always been the key role played by micron-size condensates, called “dust” or “clouds,” in their atmosphere. This scenario, however, faces major problems, in particular the J-band brightening and the resurgence of FeH absorption at the L to T transition, and a physical first-principle understanding of this transition is lacking. In this Letter, we propose a new, completely different explanation for BD and extrasolar giant planet (EGP) spectral evolution, without the need to invoke clouds. We show that, due to the slowness of the CO/CH4 and N2/NH3 chemical reactions, brown dwarf (L and T, respectively) and EGP atmospheres are subject to a thermo-chemical instability similar in nature to the fingering or chemical convective instability present in Earth oceans and at the Earth core/mantle boundary. The induced small-scale turbulent energy transport reduces the temperature gradient in the atmosphere, explaining the observed increase in near-infrared J–H and J–K colors of L dwarfs and hot EGPs, while a warming up of the deep atmosphere along the L to T transition, as the CO/CH4 instability vanishes, naturally solves the two aforementioned puzzles, and provides a physical explanation of the L to T transition. This new picture leads to a drastic revision of our understanding of BD and EGP atmospheres and their evolution.
THE RELATION BETWEEN GALAXY STRUCTURE AND SPECTRAL TYPE: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE BUILDUP OF THE QUIESCENT GALAXY POPULATION AT 0.5 < z < 2.0
Authors: Yano Michael , Kriek Mariska , Wel Arjen van der , Whitaker Katherine E. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
We present the relation between galaxy structure and spectral type, using a K-selected galaxy sample at 0.5 < z < 2.0. Based on similarities between the UV-to-NIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs), we classify galaxies into 32 spectral types. The different types span a wide range in evolutionary phases, and thus—in combination with available CANDELS/F160W imaging—are ideal to study the structural evolution of galaxies. Effective radii (R
e) and Sérsic parameters (n) have been measured for 572 individual galaxies, and for each type, we determine R
e at fixed stellar mass by correcting for the mass-size relation. We use the rest-frame U − V versus V − J diagram to investigate evolutionary trends. When moving into the direction perpendicular to the star-forming sequence, in which we see the Hα equivalent width and the specific star formation rate (sSFR) decrease, we find a decrease in R
e and an increase in n. On the quiescent sequence we find an opposite trend, with older redder galaxies being larger. When splitting the sample into redshift bins, we find that young post-starburst galaxies are most prevalent at z > 1.5 and significantly smaller than all other galaxy types at the same redshift. This result suggests that the suppression of star formation may be associated with significant structural evolution at z > 1.5. At z < 1, galaxy types with intermediate sSFRs (10−11.5–10−10.5 yr−1) do not have post-starburst SED shapes. These galaxies have similar sizes as older quiescent galaxies, implying that they can passively evolve onto the quiescent sequence, without increasing the average size of the quiescent galaxy population.