bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Somatosensory temporal discrimination analysis reveals impaired processing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Authors: Boran H. Evren , Kılınç Hasan , Kurtkaya Koçak Özlem , Yanık Ece , Kuruoğlu Hidayet Reha , Cengiz Bülent 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsWhile amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is primarily characterized as a motor system disorder, there is a growing body of evidence indicating sensory involvement. This study aimed to examine the hypothesis that somatosensory processing is impaired in ALS.MethodsStudy participants were ALS patients followed at the Neuromuscular Outpatient Unit, as well as healthy volunteers, from March 2021 to July 2023. The Medical Research Council (MRC) sum score was calculated for nine muscle groups bilaterally. The clinical status of patients was evaluated with the ALS Functional Rating Scale‐Revised (ALSFRS‐R) and the Penn Upper Motor Neuron core. Somatosensory temporal discrimination thresholds (STDTs) were recorded on the medial and lateral parts of both hands. Somatosensory cortex excitability was investigated with the paired somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) paradigm in a subgroup.ResultsIncreased STD values were detected in ALS patients compared to controls in both medial (107.66 ± 35 ms vs. 82.7 ± 32.5 ms, p = .001) and lateral (106.5 ± 34.5 ms vs. 82.9 ± 31.3 ms, p = .002) hands. There were no significant differences in STDTs among ALS patients across four regions (medial and lateral parts of the right and left hands). Amplitude ratios obtained from the paired‐pulse SEP paradigm were approximately 1 for all interstimulus intervals (ISIs). STDTs did not show any correlations with motor findings or scales.DiscussionSomatosensory processing appears to be compromised among ALS patients. The lack of correlation between impaired STDT and motor findings implies that it is a purely sensory deficit in ALS.
Nurses' perceptions of medical service robots in negative‐pressure isolated wards and in general wards: A cross‐sectional survey
Authors: Lee Jung Hwan , Han In Ho , Park Jong Hwan , Kim Kye‐Hyung , Hwang Jaehyun , Kim Dong Hwan , Lee Jae Il , Nam Kyoung Hyup 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate nurses' workload during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic and to identify their perception of medical serviced robots (MSRs) that may help with or replace the tasks of nurses in negative‐pressure isolated wards and general wards.DesignCross‐sectional survey.MethodsA researcher‐made questionnaire was applied that assessed nurses' current workload and their attitudes towards and perceptions of MSRs. A visual analogue scale (VAS) from 1 to 10 was used to assess workload. Perceptions evaluated on a 5‐point Likert scale ranging from one point for ‘strongly disagree’ to five points for ‘strongly agree’. A higher VAS score indicated a higher workload. On the other hands, a higher Likert score indicated a more positive perception and three points was neutral. The questionnaire was conducted on 150 nurses in negative‐pressure isolated wards for the management of COVID‐19 and 150 nurses in general wards. Quota sampling technique was used as sampling technique. Data analysis was performed through independent t‐tests, chi‐square tests and two‐tailed tests. The p‐value <0.05 was interpreted to statistically significant.ResultsTwo hundred eighty‐two participants responded and 142 belonged to the negative‐pressure isolated ward. The overall response rate was 94%, and 94.7% in the negative isolated ward. The mean score ± standard deviation for nursing‐related psychological stress at the current work site was 7.18 ± 1.58 points, and the mean score for physical workload was 7.65 ± 1.48. The need for MSRs was rated as 3.66 ± 0.86 out of 5. Overall, a positive attitude towards MSRs was confirmed, with no difference between ward groups. The overall ratings were 3.14 ± 1.15 for perceived availability and 3.26 ± 1.13 for perceived efficiency. Both nurse groups perceived that MSRs were most available and efficient for monitoring and measurements. Nurses in negative‐pressure isolated wards perceived MSRs more positively than did nurses in general wards regarding setting of alarms (p = 0.003) and delivery of medical devices/materials (p = 0.013). Based on these results, functional development of MSRs associated with monitoring, measurements, setting of alarms and delivery should be prioritized. No patient or public contribution.
High‐performance composite paper based on heterogeneous polyimide fibers with enhanced mechanical and dielectric properties
Authors: Qin Xiuzhi , Li Xiuting , Dong Jie , Xu Qingsong , Zhao Xin , Zhang Qinghua 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWith the advancement and modernization of industrial technology, the demands placed on the comprehensive properties of high‐performance insulating paper by various industries have become increasingly stringent. Polyimide (PI) fiber‐based paper with exceptional heat resistance and electrical insulation capabilities can fulfill the requirements of high‐temperature‐resistant insulating materials in advanced industrial technology. However, the challenges in pulping and dispersing PI fibers have constrained the production of all PI‐based papers. In this study, feathered polyamide acid (PAA) fibrids with yarn‐splitting morphologies were firstly prepared through precipitation strategy under “high‐speed rotation‐shear” process, which were then wet‐formed with PI chopped fibers through papermaking process following with chemical imidization and hot‐pressing posttreatment. With the optimized components of PAA papers and imidization process, the mechanical properties of PI‐based paper could improve to 14 MPa, with a breakdown strength of 40 kV/mm. Furthermore, the obtained all‐PI composite paper demonstrated excellent resistance to aging with dielectric properties remaining relatively stable after a specified aging period, exhibits outstanding overall performance and broad application prospects in the field of electrical insulation.Highlights
Feathered polyamide fibrids were prepared via high‐speed shear precipitation.
The components and imidization process of composite papers were optimized.
The paper showed tensile strength of 14 MPa and breakdown strength of 40 kV/mm.
The paper demonstrated excellent resistance to oil aging with good properties.
Painting the diversity of a world's favorite fruit: A next generation catalog of cultivated bananas
Authors: Sardos Julie , Cenci Alberto , Martin Guillaume , Breton Catherine , Guignon Valentin , Van den Houwe Ines , Mendez Yaleidis , Sachter‐Smith Gabriel L. , Chase Rachel , Ruas Max , Rivallan Ronan , Paofa Janet , Wigmore William , Hunter David Tilafono , D'Hont Angélique , Yahiaoui Nabila , Jenny Christophe , Perrier Xavier , Roux Nicolas , Rouard Mathieu 
Published: October 2024

Societal Impact StatementBananas are nutritious fruits of major importance worldwide. Characterizing their diversity is essential to ensure their conservation and use. A catalog showcasing cultivated bananas genomic diversity was compiled and is to be used as a tool to support the classification of banana cultivars. This research revealed that cultivated banana groups are not all made of identical clones. Materials from recent collecting missions indicated that more banana diversity is expected to be found as the exploration of the banana gene pool continues. These discoveries will drive dynamic conservation strategies for banana genetic resources and should increase their use.Summary

Banana is an important food crop cultivated in many tropical and subtropical regions around the world. Because banana cultivars often have low fertility, they are typically propagated clonally, which maintains desirable traits across generations. However, different factors, such as synonymy, incomplete passport data, and environmental effects, complicate the morphological‐based assignment of banana cultivars to specific clones or cultivar groups.
In this study, we applied a previously developed genomic‐based tool for fine‐scale characterization of banana ancestry, known as in silico chromosome painting, to high‐throughput genotyping data from 317 banana accessions. This dataset covers most of the globally conserved, studied, and cultivated cultivar groups and includes both genebanks and new, uncharacterized materials.
By comparing curated morphological assignation to the genomic patterns resulting from in silico chromosome painting, we compiled a diversity catalog referencing curated passport data, pictures, and chromosome painting patterns of the cultivar groups.
Examining the genomic patterns obtained, intra‐cultivar group variability was discovered. In some cultivar groups, mitotic recombination or deletions accumulated clonally. In addition, at least four cultivar groups encompassed cultivars from distinct sexual events co‐existing, notably Pisang Awak with five distinct patterns across two ploidy levels. Finally, additional patterns were discovered in the newest materials of the set, showing that a wider diversity of clones still exists on farm.
Guadeloupe and Haiti's coffee genetic resources reflect the crop's regional and global history
Authors: Millet Claude Patrick , Delahaie Boris , Georget Frédéric , Allinne Clémentine , Solano‐Sánchez William , Zhang Dapeng , Jeune Wesly , Toniutti Lucile , Poncet Valérie 
Published: October 2024

Societal Impact StatementDespite strong historical declines, Guadeloupe and Haiti's coffee sectors remain important to rural communities' livelihood and resilience. Coffee also holds value as part of the islands' historical legacy and cultural identities. Furthermore, it is often grown in agroforestry systems providing important ecosystem services, which will become more important as these vulnerable islands work to adapt to a changing climate. Current efforts to revitalize coffee farms and target strategically important specialty markets would benefit from understanding existing genetic resources and the historical factors that shaped them. Our study reveals the rich history reflected in current coffee stands on the islands.Summary

The West Indies, particularly former French colonies like Haiti and Guadeloupe, were central to the spread of coffee in the Americas. The histories of these Islands are shared until the 19th century, where they diverged significantly. Still, both Islands experienced a strong decline in their coffee sector. Characterizing the genetic and varietal diversity of their coffee resources and understanding historical factors shaping them can help support revitalization efforts.
To that end, we performed Kompetitve Allele‐Specific PCR (KASP) genotyping of 80 informative single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers on field samples from across main coffee‐growing region of Guadeloupe, and two historically important ones in Haiti, as well as 146 reference accessions from international collections. We also compared bioclimatic variables from sampled geographic areas and searched for historical determinants of present coffee resources.
At least five Coffea arabica varietal groups were found in Haiti, versus two in Guadeloupe, with admixed individuals in both. The traditional Typica variety is still present in both islands, growing across a variety of climatic environments. We also found Coffea canephora on both islands, with multiple likely origins, and identified C. liberica var. liberica in Guadeloupe.
These differences are explained by the Islands' respective histories. Overall, Guadeloupe experienced fewer, but older introductions of non‐Typica coffee. By contrast, several recent introductions have taken place in Haiti, driven by local and global factors and reflecting the history of Arabica varietal development and spread. Diversity on these islands is dynamic, and our results reveal opportunities and limits to the future of Guadeloupean and Haitian coffee.
Considerations for the safe handling and processing of unstable materials
Authors: Ott Brian , Welchert Nicholas A. , Delafontaine Laurent , Frajnkovič Matevž , Reza Ali 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe evaluate the instability hazards of initiators, monomers, and other unstable materials during storage and handling in individual containers, pallets of containers, and storage and process vessels. We propose a simplistic model to analyze the temperature–time profile of an unstable chemical, given heat transfer from/to the environment, heat generation due to decomposition and other reaction kinetics, and heat generated from auxiliary equipment (e.g., agitators/mixers, pumps, vessel jackets). Lumped capacitance‐based heat transfer and decomposition kinetics are integrated to predict self‐accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT), self‐accelerating polymerization temperature (SAPT), and the temperature profile given exposure conditions (e.g., ambient temperature and additional sources of heat). Case studies related to the storage and processing of unstable liquid monomers (i.e., methyl methacrylate, MMA), and organic peroxides, (i.e., tert‐butyl peroxybenzoate, TBPB), are presented. We also provide recommendations on determining safe storage and processing temperatures and steps to prevent emergency situations and include an overview of thermal analysis and data treatment procedures which might affect chemical process safety recommendations.
Complicated gene network for regulating feeding behavior: novel efficient target for pest management
Authors: Zhao Jiajia , Yin Jiaming , Wang Zeng , Shen Jie , Dong Min , Yan Shuo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractFeeding behavior is a fundamental activity for insects, which is essential for their growth, development and reproduction. The regulation of their feeding behavior is a complicated process influenced by a variety of factors, including external stimuli and internal physiological signals. The current review introduces the signaling pathways in brain, gut and fat body involved in insect feeding behavior, and provides a series of target genes for developing RNA pesticides. Additionally, this review summaries the current challenges for the identification and application of functional genes involved in feeding behavior, and finally proposes the future research direction. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
An exploration of market mechanisms to the wicked problem of space debris
Authors: Ni Anna Ya , Mayala Maureen , Ni Faith Victoria 
Published: October 2024

AbstractNear‐earth orbits are becoming congested because of a rapid growth in the number of satellites and space debris, which presents a real threat to the sustainable use of space and the safety of the Earth. Despite space scientists and public policymakers having been actively seeking solutions for decades, solving the problem has been put off because of its “wicked” nature. Adopting the lens of the public policy analyst, this research traces the aggravation of the space debris problem, surveys space debris‐mitigation techniques and the existing international and national policy framework for addressing the problem, and analyzes the causes of policy inertia. Market mechanisms (as compared with administrative mechanisms), such as franchise, cap‐and‐trade, liability insurance, as well as corporate social responsibilities, which are made possible due to the prosperity of the commercial space industry in recent years, are explored and their respective impacts are discussed.
Robot Grasping Detection Method Based on Keypoints
Authors: Yan Song , Zhang Lei 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThis study introduces a novel keypoint‐based grasp detection network, denoted as GKSCConv‐Net, which operates on n‐channel input images. The network architecture comprises three SCConv2D layers and three SCConvT2D layers. The SCConvT2D layers facilitate upsampling to maintain consistent dimensions between the output and input images. The resultant output consists of maps indicating left grasp points, right grasp points, and grasp center keypoints. The accuracy of predictions is enhanced through the incorporation of the keypoint refinement module and feature fusion module. To validate the model's generalization and applicability, comprehensive training, testing, and evaluation are conducted on diverse data sets, including the Cornell data set, Jacquard data set, and others representing real‐world scenarios. Furthermore, ablation experiments are employed to substantiate the efficacy of the spatial reconstruction unit (SRU) and channel reconstruction unit (CRU) within the SCConv, exploring their impact on grasp keypoint detection outcomes. Real robotic grasping experiments ultimately affirm the model's outstanding performance in practical settings.
Synergistic Coordination Effect and Metal‐Support Interaction Engineering of Single‐Atom Mn–N2 Sites for Boosting Sensitive and Selective Dopamine Biosensing in Human Serum
Authors: Zhao Aili , Yang Xiaochen , Wang Junjie , Li Guohui , Wang Shuai , Li Ping , Wang Jingui , Hu Wei , Luo Xiliang , Cui Min 
Published: October 2024

AbstractCoordination environment of metal atoms is core for designing high‐performance single‐atom catalysts (SACs), while metal‐support interaction also has an important effect on structure‐function relationship. Nevertheless, the interaction effect of metal‐support is mostly ignored. Through synergistic regulation of coordination environment and metal‐support interaction, Mn SAC with atom‐dispersed Mn–N2 sites on dopamine (DA) support is synthesized for sensitive and selective DA oxidation based on theoretical calculations and experimental explorations. MnN2 presents the more optimal catalytic site for DA oxidation than other coordination conditions, enhancing sensitivity including a wide range, a low limit of detection, and particularly a very low catalytic potential. The construction of Mn–N2 active sites on DA carbon promotes the coupling between Mn metal atoms and DA support, decreasing work function, facilitating electron exchange, shortening response time, and boosting selectivity. Both the catalytic mechanism of Mn SAC toward DA and the relation construction of catalyst's structure and catalytic function are established.
Dual‐Carbon Dots Composite: A Multifunctional Photo‐Propelled Nanomotor Against Alzheimer's β‐Amyloid
Authors: Lin Xiaoding , Dong Xiaoyan , Sun Yan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe abnormal accumulation of β‐amyloid protein (Aβ) is considered as the main pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The design of potent multifunctional theranostic agents targeting Aβ is one of the effective strategies for AD prevention and treatment. Nanomotors as intelligent, advanced, and multifunctional nanoplatforms can perform many complex tasks, but their application in AD theranostics is rare. Herein, sub‐10nm multifunctional dual‐carbon dots composites (ERCD) with photo‐propelled nanomotor behavior are fabricated by conjugating near‐infrared (NIR) carbon dots (RCD) of thermogenic and photodynamic capability with the previously reported epigallocatechin gallate‐derived carbonized polymer dots (ECD). ERCD‐1 (ECD:RCD = 1:2.5) showed potent inhibitory capability similar to ECD in the absence of NIR light, and exhibited photooxygenation activity and nanomotor behavior powered by “self‐thermophoretic force” under NIR irradiation, significantly enhancing the inhibition, disaggregation, and photooxygenation capabilities. The nanomotor suppressed Aβ fibrillization and rapidly disaggregated mature Aβ fibrils at very low concentrations (0.5 µg mL−1). Moreover, the NIR‐activated ERCD‐1 imaged Aβ plaques in vivo and prolonged nematode lifespan by 6 d at 2 µg mL−1. As a proof‐of‐concept, this work opened a new avenue to the design of multifunctional sub‐10nm nanomotors targeting Aβ for AD theranostics.
2D Materials for Potable Water Application: Basic Nanoarchitectonics and Recent Progresses
Authors: Ranjan Pranay , Li Zhixuan , Ansari Arshiya , Ahmed Shahzad , Siddiqui Moin Ali , Zhang Shizhuo , Patole Shashikant P. , Cheng Gary J. , Sadki El Hadi S. , Vinu Ajayan , Kumar Prashant 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWater polluted by toxic chemicals due to waste from chemical/pharmaceuticals and harmful microbes such as E. Coli bacteria causes several fatal diseases; and therefore, water filtration is crucial for accessing clean and safe water necessary for good health. Conventional water filtration technologies include activated carbon filters, reverse osmosis, and ultrafiltration. However, they face several challenges, including high energy consumption, fouling, limited selectivity, inefficiencies in removing certain contaminants, dimensional control of pores, and structural/chemical changes at higher thermal conditions and upon prolonged usage of water filter. Recently, the advent of 2D materials such as graphene, BN, MoS2, MXenes, and so on opens new avenues for advanced water filtration systems. This review delves into the nanoarchitectonics of 2D materials for water filtration applications. The current state of water filtration technologies is explored, the inherent challenges they face are outlines, and the unique properties and advantages of 2D materials are highlighted. Furthermore, the scope of this review is discussed, which encompasses the synthesis, characterization, and application of various 2D materials in water filtration, providing insights into future research directions and potential industrial applications.
DialTest‐EA: An Enhanced Fuzzing Approach With Energy Adjustment for Dialogue Systems via Metamorphic Testing
Authors: Chen Haibo , Chen Jinfu , Wu Yucheng , Cai Saihua , Ahmad Bilal , Huang Rubing , Wang Shengran , Zhang Chi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDeep neural networks (DNNs) possess potent feature learning capability, enabling them to comprehend natural language, which strongly support developing dialogue systems. However, dialogue systems usually perform incorrect behaviours in some corner cases, which may cause misunderstanding or economic loss. To test and debug dialogue systems, a popular fuzzing framework by metamorphic testing with Gini impurity guidance is proposed, namely, DialTest. However, DialTest treats all seeds (the initial test inputs to generate the mutated test inputs) equally during the fuzzing process and does not differentiate seeds, resulting in a certain limitation to its incorrect behaviour detection capability. In this paper, we propose to enhance the DialTest by applying a lightweight energy adjustment strategy called DialTest with Energy Adjustment (DialTest‐EA). DialTest‐EA employs the ant colony optimization algorithm (ACO) to adjust the mutation energy of each seed adaptively, ensuring that potential seeds have more opportunities to generate subsequent test inputs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed DialTest‐EA, we conduct a series of comparisons with the original DialTest and random mutation strategy. The experimental results show that the proposed DialTest‐EA outperforms the compared methods both in the intent detection and slot filling tasks. Compared with the original DialTest, the intent detection accuracy of generated test cases by the proposed method is reduced by more than 14%, and the slot filling accuracy is reduced by more than 8%.