bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lexical selection with competing distractors: Evidence from left temporal lobe lesions
Authors: Piai Vitória , Knight Robert T. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAccording to the competition account of lexical selection in word production, conceptually driven word retrieval involves the activation of a set of candidate words in left temporal cortex, and competitive selection of the intended word from this set, regulated by frontal cortical mechanisms. However, the relative contribution of these brain regions to competitive lexical selection is uncertain. In the present study, five patients with left prefrontal cortex lesions (overlapping in ventral and dorsal lateral cortex), eight patients with left lateral temporal cortex lesions (overlapping in middle temporal gyrus), and 13 matched controls performed a picture-word interference task. Distractor words were semantically related or unrelated to the picture, or the name of the picture (congruent condition). Semantic interference (related vs unrelated), tapping into competitive lexical selection, was examined. An overall semantic interference effect was observed for the control and left-temporal groups separately. The left-frontal patients did not show a reliable semantic interference effect as a group. The left-temporal patients had increased semantic interference in the error rates relative to controls. Error distribution analyses indicated that these patients had more hesitant responses for the related than for the unrelated condition. We propose that left middle temporal lesions affect the lexical activation component, making lexical selection more susceptible to errors.
Knowledge sharing enablers, processes and firm innovation capability
Authors: Hussein AlShaima Taleb Taleb , Singh Sanjay Kumar , Farouk Sherine , Sohal Amrik S. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose
This paper aims to examine a research model that links knowledge sharing enablers, processes and outcome dimensions in law enforcement in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It attempts to examine the impact of knowledge self-efficacy and top management support on knowledge donating and collecting. It also attempts to examine the effect of these two aspects of knowledge sharing on firm innovation capability.

Design/methodology/approach
This study used a quantitative approach, with data collected by questionnaire from 685 police officers in a law enforcement agency in the UAE.

Findings
Knowledge self-efficacy and top management support have a positive impact on knowledge donating and collecting. Only knowledge collecting, however, had a positive effect on firm innovation capability.

Research limitations/implications
The study has significant academic and practical implications. It supports a previous research model that links enablers, processes and outcomes of knowledge sharing, and confirms them in the context of law enforcement in the UAE. It could also help law enforcement agencies to promote a knowledge sharing culture to support innovation in the UAE.

Originality/value
The research model is likely to be particularly valuable in knowledge-intensive organizations such as the law enforcement sector. Knowledge sharing is often overlooked by organizations in the UAE because there has to date been little research in this field.
Case of shift from linear immunoglobulin A bullous dermatosis to pemphigus herpetiformis for a short period of time
Authors: Koga Hiroshi , Ishii Norito , Hashimoto Takashi , Nakama Takekuni 
Published: November 2016

AbstractPemphigus herpetiformis (PH) is a rare variant of pemphigus characterized by erythemas and vesicles, tending to present with annular‐shaped lesions. Immunologically, immunoglobulin (Ig)G deposition at the keratinocyte cell surfaces is observed. Linear IgA bullous dermatosis (LABD) is a rare subepidermal blistering disease with linear IgA deposits at the epidermal basement membrane zone (BMZ). The annular‐shaped skin lesions in PH mimic clinical manifestation of other autoimmune bullous diseases, including LABD, although PH and LABD have different immunological and histopathological features. Herein, we report the first case of a shift from LABD to PH. A 70‐year‐old Japanese man presented annular erythemas surrounded by vesicles on the trunk and extremities. Histopathological examination revealed subepidermal bullae and eosinophilic spongiosis. Direct immunofluorescence demonstrated linear IgA deposits at the epidermal BMZ. Immunoblot analyses of normal human epidermal and dermal extracts, supernatant of HaCaT cells, recombinant proteins of BP180 NC16a and C‐terminal domains, and purified laminin‐332 showed no reactivity for either IgG or IgA. IgG chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassays for desmogleins 1 and 3, and BP180 were all negative. These findings led to the diagnosis of sole LABD. Although oral prednisolone temporarily improved the skin lesions, annular erythema without vesicles remained. A new skin biopsy revealed subcorneal pustules with eosinophils, but no subepidermal bullae. Direct immunofluorescence revealed IgG and C3 deposition at the keratinocyte cell surfaces. IgG enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay for mammalian desmocollins 1–3 revealed desmocollin 1 reactivity. Based on these findings, we made a diagnosis of sole PH.
Legius syndrome: A case report
Authors: Kimura Ryoko , Yoshida Yuichi , Maruoka Ryo , Kosaki Kenjiro , Yamamoto Osamu 
Published: November 2016

AbstractLegius syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by heterozygous germ line loss‐of‐function SPRED1 mutation. In Japan, a family with Legius syndrome was first described in 2015 by Sakai et al. We described a first solitary case of Legius syndrome identified by next‐generation sequencing in Japan. A 37‐year‐old woman presented with multiple café‐au‐lait macules and freckles but has no other features of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF‐1). Sequencing results showed the presence of a mutation in exon 2 of SPRED1 c.70C>T, resulting in the protein at position 24 (p.Arg24X). When a dermatological clinician sees an adult patient showing only pigmented lesions and no other specifically diagnostic features of NF‐1, it is important to suspect the possibility of Legius syndrome.
Towards a thesaurus of plant characteristics: an ecological contribution
Authors: Garnier Eric , Stahl Ulrike , Laporte Marie‐Angélique , Kattge Jens , Mougenot Isabelle , Kühn Ingolf , Laporte Baptiste , Amiaud Bernard , Ahrestani Farshid S. , Bönisch Gerhard , Bunker Daniel E. , Cornelissen J. Hans C. , Díaz Sandra , Enquist Brian J. , Gachet Sophie , Jaureguiberry Pedro , Kleyer Michael , Lavorel Sandra , Maicher Lutz , Pérez‐Harguindeguy Natalia , Poorter Hendrik , Schildhauer Mark , Shipley Bill , Violle Cyrille , Weiher Evan , Wirth Christian , Wright Ian J. , Klotz Stefan 
Published: November 2016

Summary

Ecological research produces a tremendous amount of data, but the diversity in scales and topics covered and the ways in which studies are carried out result in large numbers of small, idiosyncratic data sets using heterogeneous terminologies. Such heterogeneity can be attributed, in part, to a lack of standards for acquiring, organizing and describing data. Here, we propose a terminological resource, a Thesaurus Of Plant characteristics (TOP), whose aim is to harmonize and formalize concepts for plant characteristics widely used in ecology.

TOP concentrates on two types of plant characteristics: traits and environmental associations. It builds on previous initiatives for several aspects: (i) characteristics are designed following the entity‐quality (EQ) model (a characteristic is modelled as the ‘Quality’ <Q> of an ‘Entity’ <E>) used in the context of Open Biological Ontologies; (ii) whenever possible, the Entities and Qualities are taken from existing terminology standards, mainly the Plant Ontology (PO) and Phenotypic Quality Ontology (PATO) ontologies; and (iii) whenever a characteristic already has a definition, if appropriate, it is reused and referenced. The development of TOP, which complies with semantic web principles, was carried out through the involvement of experts from both the ecology and the semantics research communities. Regular updates of TOP are planned, based on community feedback and involvement.

TOP provides names, definitions, units, synonyms and related terms for about 850 plant characteristics. TOP is available online (www.top-thesaurus.org), and can be browsed using an alphabetical list of characteristics, a hierarchical tree of characteristics, a faceted and a free‐text search, and through an Application Programming Interface.

Synthesis. Harmonizing definitions of concepts, as proposed by TOP, forms the basis for better integration of data across heterogeneous data sets and terminologies, thereby increasing the potential for data reuse. It also allows enhanced scientific synthesis. TOP therefore has the potential to improve research and communication not only within the field of ecology, but also in related fields with interest in plant functioning and distribution.
Competition and facilitation determine dwarf mistletoe infection dynamics
Authors: Queijeiro‐Bolaños Mónica E. , González Edgar J. , Martorell Carlos , Cano‐Santana Zenón 
Published: November 2016

SummaryInterspecific interactions have a fundamental role in plant population dynamics, as they may set the conditions for species coexistence. Parasitic plants, like dwarf mistletoes, offer the opportunity to study competition for resources that are different from those consumed by most plants, allowing for a better understanding of the interaction.We explored how interspecific interactions between two dwarf mistletoe species (Arceuthobium), co‐infecting the same host species (even sharing the same individual tree ofPinus hartwegii) affect their infection dynamics at two different stages of population development (colonization of new hosts and subsequent growth), and if heterogeneity in resource availability (host density and size structure) affects these interactions. For that purpose, we integrated these processes into a spatially explicit model of density‐dependent population growth.We found that self‐regulation (density‐dependence) was strong for both species; however, the intensity and sign of interspecific interactions changed depending on host size and demographic process. Population growth inArceuthobium globosumwas reduced by competition, except for smaller hosts whereA. globosumgrowth was facilitated byArceuthobium vaginatum.Arceuthobium vaginatumwas facilitated byA. globosumregardless of host size. Colonization of new hosts byA. globosumwas enhanced by previous infection by the other species, showing intraguild facilitation.Demographic importance of interactions depended on stand structure: in homogeneous, low‐density forests, facilitation predominates, increasing the population sizes of both species, whereas the opposite occurs in heterogeneous and dense forests. Both species achieved stable coexistence, fulfilling the invasibility criterion because each mistletoe species can invade a forest that is already infected by the other species.Synthesis. Despite the fundamentally different mechanisms underlying the interactions between mistletoes compared with non‐parasitic plants, our results reveal that their behaviour at the population level is similar. Stabilizing mechanisms, like strong self‐limiting population growth, allow dwarf mistletoe coexistence. Interactions shift as populations develop, and they depend largely on environmental factors such as forest structure. Intraguild mutualism is shown as a relevant process for colonization of new spaces, highlighting the complexity of competitive/facilitative interactions between parasitic plants, a formerly unexplored subject. Interactions can only be fully understood when integrating all their components at the population level. Analysing these interactions may contribute to the understanding of plant–plant interactions in general, and convey interesting implications for forest management.
R1 autonomic nervous system in acute kidney injury
Authors: Hering Dagmara , Winklewski Pawel J 
Published: November 2016

SummaryAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a rapid loss of kidney function resulting in accumulation of end metabolic products and associated abnormalities in fluid, electrolyte and acid‐base homeostasis. The pathophysiology of AKI is complex and multifactorial involving numerous vascular, tubular and inflammatory pathways. Neurohumoral activation with heightened activity of the sympathetic nervous system and renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system play a critical role in this scenario. Inflammation and/or local renal ischaemia are underlying mechanisms triggering renal tissue hypoxia and resultant renal microcirculation dysfunction; a common feature of AKI occurring in numerous clinical conditions leading to a high morbidity and mortality rate. The contribution of renal nerves to the pathogenesis of AKI has been extensively demonstrated in a series of experimental models over the past decades. While this has led to better knowledge of the pathogenesis of human AKI, therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes are scarce. Restoration of autonomic regulatory function with vagal nerve stimulation resulting in anti‐inflammatory effects and modulation of centrally‐mediated mechanisms could be of clinical relevance. Evidence from experimental studies suggests that a therapeutic splenic ultrasound approach may prevent AKI via activation of the cholinergic anti‐inflammatory pathway. This review briefly summarizes renal nerve anatomy, basic insights into neural control of renal function in the physiological state and the involvement of the autonomic nervous system in the pathophysiology of AKI chiefly due to sepsis, cardiopulmonary bypass and ischaemia/reperfusion experimental model. Finally, potentially preventive experimental pre‐clinical approaches for the treatment of AKI aimed at sympathetic inhibition and/or parasympathetic stimulation are presented.
Body mass index and hand osteoarthritis susceptibility: an updated meta‐analysis
Authors: Jiang Liying , Xie Xiaohua , Wang Yidan , Wang Yingchen , Lu Yihua , Tian Tian , Chu Minjie , Shen Yi 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimNumerous epidemiologic studies have evaluated the association between overweight and hand osteoarthritis; However, the existing results are inconsistent.MethodsSystematic searches were performed and reference lists from the retrieved trials were searched. This meta‐analysis and meta‐regression was executed to identify all English‐language articles that quantitatively assess the strength of associations between body mass index and hand osteoarthritis risk. Study‐specific incremental estimates were standardized to determine the risk associated with a 5 kg/m2 increase in body mass index. We conducted the study according to the guidelines for the meta‐analysis of observational studies in epidemiology.ResultsOf the 21 studies included, 13 were cross‐sectional studies, three were case control studies and five were cohort studies. The pooled summary estimates were 1.10 (95%CI: 0.98–1.24) with no significant difference (P = 0.09). Subgroup analysis shows that body mass index was positively associated with hand osteoarthritis in cross‐sectional studies (1.05 [95%CI: 1.02–1.08] P < 0.01), while with no significant difference was found in case‐control studies (1.28 [95%CI: 0.87–1.88]) and in cohort studies (1.06 [95%CI: 0.71–1.58]) (P = 0.21 and P = 0.77, respectively). A weak but significant effect on radiographic hand osteoarthritis risk was found. The summary estimates were 1.06 (95%CI: 1.02–1.10) in studies defined by radiography and 1.25 (95%CI: 1.06–1.49) by radiography and clinically (P < 0 .01 and P = 0.01, respectively).ConclusionIt appears that increased body mass index contributes to a positively moderate effect on susceptibility to hand osteoarthritis, as defined radiographically and/or radiographically and clinically. The effects vary by study design and osteoarthritis definition.
Factors associated with quality of life and functional disability among rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs for at least 6 months
Authors: Bae Sang‐Cheol , Cho Soo‐Kyung , Won Soyoung , Lee Hye‐Soon , Lee Sang‐Heon , Kang Young Mo , Lee Sang‐Hoon , Lee Yeon‐Ah , Choe Jung‐Yoon , Chung Won‐Tae , Suh Chang‐Hee , Shim Seung‐Cheol , Lee Jisoo , Yoon Bo Young , Kim Dong‐Wook , Lee Shin‐Seok , Yoo Wan‐Hee , Kim Jin‐Seok , Jung Young‐Ok , Nah Seong‐Su , Lee Choong‐Ki , Song Gwan‐Gyu , Choi Sung Jae , Joung Chung‐Il , Koh Hyein , Kim Young‐Joo 
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimTo determine characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients in Korea using disease‐modifying anti‐rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for at least 6 months, and to identify factors associated with poor health‐related outcomes.MethodA total of 2000RApatients aged > 20 years, treated withDMARDs for at least 6 months, and signed informed consent, were enrolled in this non‐interventional, multicenter, cross‐sectional observational study from December 2012 to June 2013. Health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured using EuroQuol 5D (EQ‐5D) and functional disability was measured using the Korean Health Assessment Questionnaire (KHAQ). Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to determine the association between patient characteristics and patient‐reported outcomes (PROs).ResultsOf allRApatients, 84% were female, patients with low Disease Activity Score of 28 joints erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS‐28‐ESR< 3.2) was 54%, while moderate (DAS‐28‐ESR3.2–5.1) and high disease activity score (DAS‐28‐ESR> 5.1) were 38% and 7.6%, respectively. MeanEQ‐5D index score andKHAQscore were 0.6 ± 0.28 and 0.7 ± 0.67, respectively. In multivariate analysis with bothPROs, averageHRQoL and functional disability score appeared to be worse in persons with older age compared to younger age (P< 0.001), and worse in females compared to males (P< 0.001). Compared to patients having lowerDAS(< 3.2), those with moderate and highestDAS(3.2–5.1 and > 5.1) had worse outcome measures (P< 0.001).ConclusionIn this study, higherDASwas one of the most influential factors for poorPROs among all other factors. Therefore, we could suggest appropriate treatment approaches according toDASalong with other significantly associated factors withPROs in the early stage ofRA.
Drug survival and reasons for discontinuation of the first biological disease modifying antirheumatic drugs in Thai patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Analysis from the Thai Rheumatic Disease Prior Authorization registry
Authors: Narongroeknawin Pongthorn , Chevaisrakul Parawee , Kasitanon Nuntana , Kitumnuaypong Tasanee , Mahakkanukrauh Ajanee , Siripaitoon Boonjing , Katchamart Wanruchada ,   the Thai Rheumatism Association
Published: November 2016

AbstractAimTo evaluate and compare the retention rate of biological disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in real‐life practice and identify risk factors related to remission and drug discontinuation in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodA total of 256 patients fulfilling criteria for RA and starting bDMARD between December 2009 and October 2014 were selected from the Rheumatic Disease Prior Authorization registry. Baseline demographic and clinical data were recorded. The cumulative probability of bDMARD discontinuation over 5 years of follow‐up and factors associated with RA remission and bDMARD withdrawal were analyzed.ResultsAlmost half (46%) of patients were initially treated with rituximab (RTX), with 33% treated with etanercept (ETN) and 21% with infliximab (IFX). Fewer than 10% were subsequently switched to a second bDMARD. The 1‐ and 5‐year remission rates in patients continuing their first bDMARD were 7.2% and 21.5%, respectively. At 5 years, the drug survival rates for RTX, ETN and IFX were 50%, 25% and 22%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that RTX was significantly associated with highest drug survival. Relative to RTX, the hazard ratios for discontinuation of IFX and ETN were 2.60 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.53–4.42) and 2.15 (95% CI 1.36–3.42), respectively. Thirty‐nine percent of patients stopped treatments, due to inadequate response (42%), serious adverse events (22%), nonadherence (14%) or remission/low disease activity (13%).ConclusionOver 5 years, only one‐third of patients continued using their first bDMARD. The leading cause of drug discontinuation was inadequate response.
Fetal hemodynamics and adverse outcome in primary school‐aged children with fetal growth restriction: a prospective longitudinal study
Authors: Korkalainen Noora , Räsänen Juha , Kaukola Tuula , Kallankari Hanna , Hallman Mikko , Mäkikallio Kaarin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIntroductionFetal growth restriction is associated with short‐term and long‐term mortality and morbidity. We hypothesized that adverse outcome in children with fetal growth restriction at primary school age is associated with fetoplacental circulatory abnormalities.Material and methodsComprehensive ultrasonographic assessment of fetoplacental hemodynamics was performed in 72 growth‐restricted fetuses prenatally, and short‐term outcome data were collected. At the median age of 9 years, mortality and morbidity were determined using medical charts and questionnaires. The impact of abnormal fetoplacental hemodynamics on mortality and morbidity with significant developmental disorders or delay were studied.ResultsFetal growth restriction children with adverse long‐term outcome were delivered earlier and with lower birthweights than were those with non‐compromised outcome. Seventy percent of the fetal growth restriction group showed non‐compromised long‐term outcomes and participated in mainstream education at the appropriate age level. Absent/retrograde diastolic flow in the umbilical artery (p < 0.001), negative A‐wave in the ductus venosus (p = 0.006), cardiomegaly (p = 0.02), hydrops (p = 0.006) and cardiovascular profile score <6 (p = 0.002) were associated with increased risk of adverse outcome. After adjustment for gestational age, these parameters demonstrated hazard ratios of 5.0–16.5 for adverse long‐term outcome; increased systemic venous pulsatility and low cardiovascular profile score had the highest predictive power.ConclusionsAbsent or reversed end‐diastolic flow in the umbilical artery, reversed A‐wave in the ductus venosus, cardiomegaly, hydrops, and low cardiovascular profile score are associated with adverse outcomes at primary school age in fetal growth restriction children. These fetal parameters play a significant role in the prediction of long‐term outcomes for fetal growth restriction children.
Estimation of diet in extinct raccoon dog species by the molar ratio method
Authors: Asahara Masakazu , Takai Masanaru 
Published: November 2016

AbstractEstimation of the dietary habits of extinct species using morphological traits has been attempted in numerous studies; however, previous methods have encountered several difficulties, such as requiring specialized equipment. In this study, we describe an easy quantitative method for estimating the dietary habits, and apply it to extinct raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes) species (Carnivora, Mammalia). The method is based on the lower molar ratios (M2/M1 size) that reflect the species diet (carnivorous and omnivorous tendencies) in Canidae. Among the species statistically compared, Nyctereutes sinensis showed a lower M2/M1 score similar to that of Nyctereutes procyonoides albus (Hokkaido, Japan), whereas Nyctereutes tingi had a higher M2/M1 score similar to that of Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus (Honshu and Kyushu, Japan). These scores suggest that the diets of N. sinensis and N. tingi were similar to those of N. p. albus (relatively carnivorous) and N. p. viverrinus (relatively omnivorous), respectively. Other extinct raccoon dogs also showed varied M2/M1 score, suggesting dietary difference. These results suggest that raccoon dogs underwent dietary transitions or exhibited dietary plasticity during evolution, while their range of diets might have remained the same as those of different populations of extant species Nyctereutes procyonoides.