bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Farrerol Modulates Aorta Gene Expression Profile in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Qin Xiaojiang , Hou Xiaomin , Zhang Kun , Li Qingshan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractFarrerol, a typical natural flavanone and major active component in Rhododendron dauricum var. ciliatum, has been shown to possess vasoactive ability in vitro. The aim of this study was to investigate its effect on aorta gene expression in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Twelve-week-old male normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with orally administered farrerol (50 mg/kg body weight) for 8 wk before they were sacrificed. We found that aorta samples showed 444 upregulated genes in control spontaneously hypertensive rats compared with the control Wistar Kyoto rats. Administration of farrerol in spontaneously hypertensive rats increased the expression of 2329 genes in the aorta compared with the control spontaneously hypertensive rats. Gene expression profiles performed on the aorta revealed that farrerol induced changes in vascular smooth muscle contraction, mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathway, and renin angiotensin system. Furthermore, 10 genes involved in the pathway of vascular smooth muscle contraction were verified using real-time polymerase chain reaction technique, and several novel potential target genes for the farrerol treatment of hypertension were identified. The findings of this study lend support to the potential use of farrerol as a novel therapeutic and antihypertensive candidate drug to prevent the development of hypertension.
Divergence of developmental trajectories is triggered interactively by early social and ecological experience in a cooperative breeder
Authors: Fischer Stefan , Bohn Lena , Oberhummer Evelyne , Nyman Cecilia , Taborsky Barbara 
Published: October 2017

SignificanceCooperative breeding represents the pinnacle of vertebrate social evolution. Helpers in cooperatively breeding species are characterized by a life-long potential to reproduce. Therefore it has been predicted that cooperative breeders lack an early specialization into subordinate helpers and dominant breeders. In a 3-year life-history experiment, we manipulated the social and ecological environments jointly during the early postnatal period of a cooperatively breeding vertebrate, the “Princess cichlid”Neolamprologus pulcher. We found that individuals did specialize in distinct behavioral competences, which led to either delayed dispersal or early independent breeding. The divergence into different behavioral trajectories became apparent only by manipulating both early social and ecological experiences, highlighting the importance of multivariate influences on the development of social trajectories.
ElResumende artículos de investigación científica
Authors: Ibáñez O. Romualdo , Moncada N. Fernando 
Published: October 2017

AbstractoEl objetivo del presente estudio es comparar el resumen de artículos de investigación científica (AICs) de dos disciplinas (Biología e Historia) a partir de su organización retórica y de las relaciones de coherencia que lo configuran. Para describir la organización retórica, utilizamos, como taxonomía de arranque, la propuesta deHyland (2000), mientras que para las relaciones de coherencia, utilizamos la propuesta deIbáñez, Moncada y Santana (2015). El corpus de esta investigación estuvo constituido por 160 resúmenes escritos en español, pertenecientes a AICs publicados en revistas especializadas. Los resultados revelan que mientras ciertas movidas son obligatorias en los resúmenes de una disciplina, en los de la otra son opcionales. También se observa que los resúmenes de ambas disciplinas se diferencian en sus configuraciones retóricas prototípicas, al igual que en las relaciones de coherencia más frecuentes.
The role of climate change on the emergence and spread of dengue and other vector-borne diseases.
Authors: Bouzid M. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Vector-borne diseases have a worldwide distribution and are associated with a significant burden causing over one million deaths annually. Dengue and malaria are the most prevalent mosquito-borne diseases globally. Vectors transmit the infections to human and animal hosts and are the primary targets of disease control strategies. These vectors are sensitive to weather conditions, and outbreaks are associated with optimum range of temperature, precipitation and other relevant weather variables. Climate change refers to environmental changes occurring around the world as a result of human activities and is likely to be more severe towards the end of the century if climate mitigation targets are not met. Climate change is, therefore, already changing the epidemiology and distribution of these vector-borne diseases. In this review, the effect of climate change on the emergence and spread of several vector-borne diseases, with a particular focus on dengue, is explored. Additionally, the contribution of other non-climatic key factors driving disease transmission and distribution and influencing the emergence and spread of vector-borne diseases is also discussed.
Hearing preservation and growth of small vestibular schwannomas
Authors: Cazzador Diego , Girasoli Laura , Faccioli Chiara , Zanoletti Elisabetta 
Published: October 2017

Objective:
Conservative management in sporadic vestibular schwannomas (VS) represents a valid treatment option, however, tumour growth and hearing decay during observation are still a matter of controversy and shift to alternative therapies. The present study aims at evaluating patients diagnosed with VS submitted to a wait and scan protocol of treatment.

Study design:
Case series review from a tertiary referral centre. Data collected from an in-house prospectively-maintained database of 108 patients with sporadic small VS, managed with primary observation, were evaluated. Inclusion criteria were tumour diameter less than 10 mm in the cerebello-pontine angle. At serial follow-up evaluations, objective measures of hearing status and tumour growth through magnetic resonance imaging were conducted. Hearing status was stratified according to the Tokyo Consensus Meeting Guidelines. Tumour growth and hearing function represented the main endpoints and were analysed according to tumour site at diagnosis.

Results:
Eighty-one patients were included in the study. During observation with a mean follow-up time of 27 months, 29.6% of the patients demonstrated tumour growth, with extrameatal lesions growing faster than intrameatal tumours (p = .049). Decay of good hearing was observed in 32.5% of patients, with a higher frequency of hearing instability revealed in the intrameatal group of VS (p = .004). Conservative treatment was maintained in 75.3% of cases. In 18% of cases, patients underwent surgical VS removal, while only 6.2% of patients favoured radiotherapy.

Conclusions:
Conservative treatment led to low rates of tumour growth after a mean 27 months observation. The cases with good hearing at diagnosis evidenced hearing deterioration in 33.3% of patients. Wait and scan outcomes need to be evaluated in comparison with other active treatments in terms of hearing and growth and further studies are required in this sense.
Correlation of Blood Pressure Variability as Measured By Clinic, Self-measurement at Home, and Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring
Authors: Abellán-Huerta José , Prieto-Valiente Luis , Montoro-García Silvia , Abellán-Alemán José , Soria-Arcos Federico 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Blood pressure variability (BPV) has been postulated as a potential predictor of cardiovascular outcomes. No agreement exists as to which measurement method is best for BPV estimation. We attempt to assess the correlation between BPV obtained at the doctor’s office, self-measurement at home (SMBP) and ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM).

METHODS
Eight weekly clinic BP measurements, 2 SMBP series, and 1 24-hour ABPM recording were carried out in a sample of treated hypertensive patients. BPV was calculated using the SD, the “coefficient of variation” and the “average real variability.” Determinants of short-, mid-, and long-term BPV (within each measurement method) were also calculated. The different BPV determinants were correlated “intramethod” and “intermethod” by linear regression test.

RESULTS
For the 104 patients (66.5 ± 7.7 years, 58.7% males), the ABPM BPV (SD, systolic/diastolic: 14.5 ± 3.1/9.8 ± 2.5 mm Hg) was higher than the SMBP (12.2 ± 9.8/7.4 ± 5.8 mm Hg; P &lt; 0.001) and clinic BPV (10 ± 8.9/5.9 ± 4.9 mm Hg; P = 0.001). The main BPV correlation between methods was weak, with a maximum R2 = 0.17 (P &lt; 0.001) between clinic and SMBP systolic BPV. The “intramethod” correlation of BPV yielded a maximum R2 = 0.21 (P &lt; 0.001) between morning diastolic SMBP intershift/intermeans variability. The “intermethod” correlation of short-, mid-, and long-term BPV determinants was weak (maximum R2 = 0.22, P &lt; 0.001, between clinic intraday variability/SMBP morning intershift variability).

CONCLUSIONS
The “intramethod” and “intermethod” correlation between BPV determinants was weak or nonexistent, even when comparing determinants reflecting the same type of temporal BPV. Our data suggest that BPV reflects a heterogeneous phenomenon that strongly depends on the estimation method and the time period evaluated.
‘The Now King of England’: Conscience, Duty, and the Death of Charles I
Authors: Kelsey Sean 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Recent years have witnessed a vigorous debate as to whether the trial of Charles I was ever intended to end in regicide. But, even for historians who have questioned whether it was, the king’s execution generally remains the inevitable outcome of those proceedings: whatever his judges may have intended, there had been no real prospect that the king might actually accept the opportunity he was afforded to save his own life by submitting to them. This article demonstrates that, on the contrary, when the king came before the high court of justice in January 1649, he went out of his way to convey a willingness—in certain circumstances—to justify himself in the face of his accusers; and by the end, not only had he ceased declining his judges’ jurisdiction, he had even attempted to feign submission. It is argued that the king acted as he did partly because he perceived, in the crisis which now befell him, the glimmer of an opportunity to save the tattered remnants of England’s ancient constitution; and partly in an attempt to resolve, in accordance with his conscience, the painful dilemma in which he found himself, forcing him to decide whether his duties—to God, his people and his kingdoms–would be better served, and his family, their supporters, and their cause better protected, if he quit the stage in a martyr’s blaze of glory, or if he accepted the ignominy of living on, a king in name only, but a king nonetheless.
Dumont, Bataille, and the Materialist Sacred
Authors: Webber Insook 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

While Bruno Dumont’s status as auteur cannot be denied, his work has generated intense polemic, even denunciation. One reason for this is the general perception that his actors do not correspond to the image of a film star. Recruited on location in French Flanders, they have included factory- or farm-workers, the chronically unemployed, and disabled people. Their bodies mirror their lives: worn, scarred, or deformed. Dumont’s choice of actors radically violates the sacrosanct codes of representation for film actors, which dictate an ideal beauty, an ideal often associated moreover with ideas such as purity, intelligence, or spiritual elevation. This association implicitly rejects the material, or un-ideal, body as impure, ugly, or evil. This article examines Dumont’s commercially risky, iconoclastic choice of actors and his insistence on the earthly body, rather than the immaterial spirit, as ‘the cause of everything’ in light of Georges Bataille’s concept of ‘bas matérialisme’ and its essential relation to the sacred. Flouting conventional codes of beauty, Dumont’s cinema locates the sacred, I argue, in the
basse matière
literally em-bodied by its actors and their natural habitats.
Optimal Curvature Estimates for Homogeneous Ricci Flows
Authors: Böhm Christoph , Lafuente Ramiro , Simon Miles 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe prove uniform curvature estimates for homogeneous Ricci flows: For a solution defined on $[0,t]$ the norm of the curvature tensor at time $t$ is bounded by the maximum of $C(n)/t$ and $C(n)({\mathrm{scal}}(g(t)) - {\mathrm{scal}}(g(0)) )$. This is used to show that solutions with finite extinction time are Type I, immortal solutions are Type III and ancient solutions are Type I, with constants depending only on the dimension $n$. A further consequence is that a non-collapsed homogeneous ancient solution on a compact homogeneous space emerges from a unique Einstein metric on that space. The above curvature estimates follow from a gap theorem for Ricci-flatness on homogeneous spaces. This theorem is proved by contradiction, using a local $W^{2,p}$ convergence result which holds without symmetry assumptions.
Local Properties of Riesz Minimal Energy Configurations and Equilibrium Measures
Authors: Hardin D P , Reznikov A , Saff E B , Volberg A 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We investigate separation properties of $N$-point configurations that minimize discrete Riesz $s$-energy on a compact set $A\subset \mathbb{R}^p$. When $A$ is a smooth $(p-1)$-dimensional manifold without boundary and $s\in [p-2, p-1)$, we prove that the order of separation (as $N\to \infty$) is the best possible. The same conclusions hold for the points that are a fixed positive distance from the boundary of $A$ whenever $A$ is any $p$-dimensional set. These estimates extend a result of Dahlberg for certain smooth $(p-1)$-dimensional surfaces when $s=p-2$ (the harmonic case). Furthermore, we obtain the same separation results for “greedy” $s$-energy points. We deduce our results from an upper regularity property of the $s$-equilibrium measure (i.e., the measure that solves the continuous minimal Riesz $s$-energy problem), and we show that this property holds under a local smoothness assumption on the set $A$.
Recovery of Time-Dependent Coefficient on Riemannian Manifold for Hyperbolic Equations
Authors: Kian Yavar , Oksanen Lauri 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Given $(M,g)$, a compact connected Riemannian manifold of dimension $d \geq 2$, with boundary $\partial M$, we study the inverse boundary value problem of determining a time-dependent potential $q$, appearing in the wave equation $\partial_t^2u-\Delta_g u+q(t,x)u=0$ in ${\overline M}=(0,T)\times M$ with $T>0$. Under suitable geometric assumptions we prove global unique determination of $q\in L^\infty({\overline M})$ given the Cauchy data set on the whole boundary $\partial {\overline M}$, or on certain subsets of $\partial {\overline M}$. Our problem can be seen as an analogue of the Calderón problem on the Lorentzian manifold $({\overline M}, dt^2 - g)$.
Using machine learning for sequence-level automated MRI protocol selection in neuroradiology
Authors: Brown Andrew D , Marotta Thomas R 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Incorrect imaging protocol selection can lead to important clinical findings being missed, contributing to both wasted health care resources and patient harm. We present a machine learning method for analyzing the unstructured text of clinical indications and patient demographics from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) orders to automatically protocol MRI procedures at the sequence level. We compared 3 machine learning models – support vector machine, gradient boosting machine, and random forest – to a baseline model that predicted the most common protocol for all observations in our test set. The gradient boosting machine model significantly outperformed the baseline and demonstrated the best performance of the 3 models in terms of accuracy (95%), precision (86%), recall (80%), and Hamming loss (0.0487). This demonstrates the feasibility of automating sequence selection by applying machine learning to MRI orders. Automated sequence selection has important safety, quality, and financial implications and may facilitate improvements in the quality and safety of medical imaging service delivery.
Higher accuracy of complex medication reconciliation through improved design of electronic tools
Authors: Horsky Jan , Drucker Elizabeth A , Ramelson Harley Z 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objective
Investigate the accuracy of 2 different medication reconciliation tools integrated into electronic health record systems (EHRs) using a cognitively demanding scenario and complex medication history.

Materials and Methods
Seventeen physicians reconciled medication lists for a polypharmacy patient using 2 EHRs in a simulation study. The lists contained 3 types of discrepancy and were transmitted between the systems via a Continuity of Care Document. Participants updated each EHR and their interactions were recorded and analyzed for the number and type of errors.

Results
Participants made 748 drug comparisons that resulted in 53 errors (93% accuracy): 12 using EHR2 (3% rate, 0–3 range) and 41 using EHR1 (11% rate, 0–9 range; P &lt; .0001). Twelve clinicians made completely accurate reconciliations with EHR2 (71%) and 6 with EHR1 (35%). Most errors (28, 53%) occurred in medication entries containing discrepancies: 4 in EHR2 and 24 in EHR1 (P = .008). The order in which participants used the EHRs to complete the task did not affect the results.

Discussion
Significantly fewer errors were made with EHR2, which presented lists in a side-by-side view, automatically grouped medications by therapeutic class and more effectively identified duplicates. Participants favored this design and indicated that they routinely used several workarounds in EHR1.

Conclusion
Accurate assessment of the safety and effectiveness of electronic reconciliation tools requires rigorous testing and should prioritize complex rather than simpler tasks that are currently used for EHR certification and product demonstration. Higher accuracy of reconciliation is likely when tools are designed to better support cognitively demanding tasks.
The Role of Maternal and Child Characteristics in Chinese Children’s Dietary Intake Across Three Groups
Authors: Zhou Nan , Cheah Charissa S L , Li Yan , Liu Junsheng , Sun Shuyan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether mothers’ early-life food insecurity (ELFI), pressuring to eat feeding practices (PEP), and child effortful control (EC) are associated with child dietary intake within and across three Chinese ethnic groups.MethodParticipants included 119 Chinese international immigrants in the United States, 230 urban nonmigrant, and 468 rural-to-urban migrant mothers and preschoolers in China. Mothers reported on their ELFI, PEP, and their children’s EC and dietary intake.ResultsControlling for maternal and child body mass index, age, and gender, multiple group path analyses revealed that maternal ELFI was positively associated with PEP in all groups, which in turn was positively associated with child unhealthy diet in all groups, but negatively associated with child fruits and vegetables (F&V) consumption in the urban nonmigrant group only. Also, EC was positively associated with child F&V diet for all groups. Moreover, the indirect effect of ELFI on children’s unhealthy diet through PEP was significant only for immigrant children with lower levels of EC, but not those with higher levels of EC.ConclusionsOur findings highlighted the long-lasting effect of mothers’ ELFI on their feeding and child eating. Mothers’ pressuring to eat played a central role in the association between their past experiences and children’s diet. Also, children’s poor EC abilities might exacerbate the adverse effect of mothers’ ELFI through PEP, resulting in more unhealthy eating. These findings can contribute to the design of contextually based intervention/prevention programs that promote young children’s healthy eating through maternal feeding practices and children’s EC abilities.
Tigecycline as a Second-Line Agent for Legionnaires’ Disease in Severely Ill Patients
Authors: Slawek Deepika , Altshuler Diana , Dubrovskaya Yanina , Louie Eddie 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Treatment of Legionnaires’ disease in severely ill or immunosuppressed patients presents a clinical challenge. Tigecycline (TG) achieves high concentrations intracellularly and has been shown to be effective against L. pneumophila in animal and cell models. We report our experience using TG as second-line therapy. Clinical response was seen in most patients after switching to TG alone or as a combination therapy.
Detection of Loa loa Microfilariae in Follicular Fluid During Assisted Reproductive Technology: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Puy V , Scheffler F , Tinez C , Belhadri-Mansouri N , Huguenin A , Capelle S , Agnamey P , Devaux A , Frydman N , Copin H , Benkhalifa M 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
We report on a case of loiasis revealed during an assisted reproductive technology (ART) cycle. Loa loa could limit implantation outcome. We propose to focus on an ART strategy with frozen embryos to treat the patient before any transfer.
Police Misconduct: Mapping its Location, Seriousness and Theoretical Underpinning
Authors: Moss Brian 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Police misconduct and the location of street crimes and deviance have received much research attention. The location of police misconduct, by contrast, has not. Taking the case of Ireland, where policing underwent significant reform in 2007, police oversight data are mapped to determine the location and nature of complaints and any clustering of police misconduct, particularly in areas of greatest deprivation usually associated with people coming into most frequent contact with police. The implications of the findings for police, police oversight, and existing theories by which geography of deviance is framed are discussed.
Leader Prototypicality and Displayed Power in the Police: An Empirical Analysis of the Impact on Leader Endorsement and Trust
Authors: Barth-Farkas Faye , Vera Antonio 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe aim of this article is to advance scholarly knowledge on the impact of leader prototypicality and displayed power on leader endorsement and trust in the police. Drawing on theoretical arguments from psychology and organizational behaviour, we develop eight hypotheses and submit them to an empirical test. In a pre-study, we explore what characteristics are prototypical of police leaders. Based on these findings, we develop vignettes describing different types of police leaders and administer these in an experimental study using a between-subjects design. Our sample consists of 34 German top-level police leaders for the pre-study and 142 German mid-level police leaders for the main study. Regression analyses provide evidence for a positive effect of leader prototypicality on leader endorsement and trust, a positive moderating effect of organizational identification on these relationships, and a negative effect of displayed power on leader endorsement and trust.