bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Creating Arteriovenous Fistulas using Surgeon-performed Ultrasound
Authors: Jennings William C. , Parker Donald E. 
Published: June 2016

Purpose An arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) is the preferred vascular access for hemodialysis and is associated with lower mortality, morbidity and cost when compared with grafts and particularly with central venous dialysis catheters. This study reviews a series of new patients where an autogenous access was constructed for each individual utilizing surgeon-performed ultrasound (SP-US). Methods Consecutive new patients referred for a permanent vascular access during an 11-year period were retrospectively reviewed. In addition to physical examination, each patient underwent SP-US evaluation for preoperative vessel mapping and post-operative evaluation for access maturation. SP-US was also used in the evaluation of access dysfunction in mature AVFs. Results We identified 1874 patients. Ages were 8-94 years (mean 60 years). Of these, 51% were female and 59% were diabetic; 33% had previous failed access operations. Follow-up was 3-127 months (mean 23 months). An autogenous access was constructed for each individual. No grafts were used. Direct AVFs were constructed in 1240 (66%) patients and 634 (34%) individuals required a transposition or translocation procedure. Primary and cumulative patency rates were 60.0% and 93.0% at 12 months and 47.3% and 90.2% at 24 months, respectively. AVF arterial inflow was most commonly supplied by the proximal radial artery (67%). Conclusions Creating a functional autogenous vascular access is possible for most patients. No grafts were used in this series of 1874 consecutive new patients. Important elements for success included SP-US evaluation, utilization of the many vascular access options available, establishing radial artery AVF inflow when feasible, and prompt intervention when indicated.
Evaluation of Combating Desertification Alternatives Using Promethee Model
Authors: Sadeghravesh Mohammad Hassan , Khosravi Hassan , Abolhasani Azam , Shekoohizadeghan Sahar 
Published: June 2016

According to the extent of damage, various effects and complexity of desertification process, selecting appropriate alternatives considering all effective desertification criterions is one of the main concerns of Iran in the field of natural resources. This can be effective in controlling, reclamation of disturbed lands and avoiding destruction areas at desertification risk. This paper tries to provide a systematic and optimal alternatives in a group decision-making model. For this aim, PROMETHEE II method was used for ranking desertification alternatives. At the first in the framework of Multiple Attribute Decision-making (MADM), normalized decision matrix was provided by Delphi model. Then, to ease and accuracy in estimating the criteria preference and alternatives priority, the normalized decision matrix data were entered in Visual PROMETHEE software. Based on the results, the alternatives of prevention of unsuitable land use changes (A18), vegetation cover development and reclamation (A23) and modification of ground water harvesting (A31) with pure out ranking progress of =0.3660, 0.1909 and -0.0887 were selected as the main combating desertification altarnative in the study area, respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that the obtained results and ranking should be considered in projects of controlling and reducing the effects of desertification and rehabilitatyion of degraded lands plans.
Analysis of the Relationship between Strategic Management and Human Resources Management in Informatics Services Company of Tehran Province
Authors: Kompani Amir , Marjani Amir Babak 
Published: June 2016

Concepts of strategic management and human resource management has long been of interest of researchers and various studies have been done on the relationship between these concepts. In general, researchers believe that the strategic management of the organization leaves a significant role in human resource management. In this regard, the present study is an attempt to examine this relationship in the form of a conceptual model includes 12 hypotheses that have been tested and evaluated in the informatics services company with a population of 740 people. In this study, the concept of strategic management in the form of three basic dimensions: 1) strategic planning, 2) execution of strategy, and 3) assessment strategy has been defined. Human resource management also consists of four main dimensions: 1) attraction and retain the human resources, 2) perceived organizational support, 3) normative and affective commitment, and 4) Optional behavior. The results showed that between strategic management and human resource management are positively and significantly correlated. As the results showed three independent variables of the study were able to predict more than half of dependent variable changes of human resource management, among which the variable of evaluation of strategy had the greatest role.
The Role of Financial Management on Productivity of the Refinery Case Study: Khangiran Gas Refinery of Iran
Authors: Hashemi Nassab Seyed Gholam Hossein 
Published: June 2016

This study evaluated the management strategy of Khangiran Gas Refinery of Iran for Financial Management and investigated the role of financial management on productivity. The respondents were ninety seven employees of Khangiran Gas Refinery. Survey questionnaire included 10 items with 5 point Likert scale was used in the study. Data was analyzed with using SPSS-19. Results showed the highest weighted mean was “the specified budget for any project was done in last years” with 3.84 mean score and verbal interpretation of “effective” while lowest mean was 3.51 with verbal interpretation of “effective” for the statement “Before doing any projects budget analysis is done carefully.” and there was a significant relationship between the financial management and productivity of the refinery; therefore the increase of the financial management leads to the increase of the refinery productivity.
Les recours possibles de l’acheteur à l’encontre des pratiques de contrainte à la fidélité ou à la surconsommation (PCFS) en droit de la vente
Authors: O’Brien Marc-Étienne 
Published: June 2016

La société de consommation a engendré des pratiques de nature à la sustenter. Parmi celles-ci, les pratiques de contrainte à la fidélité ou à la surconsommation (par exemple, l’obsolescence programmée) figurent au premier rang. Ces pratiques exercent sur l’acheteur une contrainte non seulement illégitime, mais aussi illégale : elles constituent ou engendrent des vices du contrat et des manquements aux obligations du vendeur. Le présent article met en relief les recours possibles de l’acheteur avant d’évaluer l’opportunité d’une intervention législative.
La Cour suprême du Canada et la pluralité démotique de l’État canadien. Des traces de consociationalisme dans la jurisprudence constitutionnelle
Authors: Guénette Dave 
Published: June 2016

Le rôle d’arbitre constitutionnel ultime de la Cour suprême du Canada fait de cette institution un pilier de la fédération canadienne. Par ses décisions, la Cour modèle et précise les traits de l’architecture constitutionnelle du pays, faisant de sa jurisprudence un mode privilégié d’évolution du fédéralisme canadien. Or, dans sa jurisprudence récente, la Cour semble se montrer particulièrement ouverte aux questions démotiques qui transcendent l’ordre constitutionnel canadien. En effet, dans les décisions rendues dans le cadre du Renvoi relatif à la Loi sur la Cour suprême, art 5 et 6, du Renvoi relatif à la réforme du Sénat et dans celle relative au registre des armes à feu, la Cour élabore une jurisprudence où le caractère asymétrique et consociatif du fédéralisme canadien a une place singulière. Ainsi, faisant usage de la théorie du consociationalisme, nous proposons ici une analyse de ces trois jugements, avec comme objectif de faire ressortir en quoi ceux-ci contribuent à une jurisprudence constitutionnelle plus adaptée à la nature plurinationale du pays. Plus globalement, cette démonstration sera aussi l’occasion de constater les limites de la jurisprudence comme principal véhicule d’évolution de la Constitution canadienne.
Fluid‐driven nucleation and propagation of splay fractures from a permeable fault
Authors: Zhang Xi , Jeffrey Robert G. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractProgressive development of opening‐mode splay or branch fractures along a permeable fault in an elastic medium, subject to elevated fluid pressure from a constant influx fluid source, is studied numerically using a plane‐strain hydraulic fracturing model that couples fracture deformation and fluid flow. In situ stresses are imposed so that their resultant shear stress on the fault is lower than the frictional strength. New splay fractures are initiated based on satisfying a dual criterion for both tensile strength and fracture toughness and meeting a minimum fracture spacing requirement. Numerical results demonstrate that spatial variations in permeability along faults can cause arrest of local slip and the created slip gradient can result in splay fracture initiation at a significant distance inward from the fault tips. One splay fracture generally grows first, and the kinematic coherence in displacements at the junction between it and the fault can reduce the downstream flow rate to prevent the nucleation of other splay fractures. However, the number of splay fractures can be increased when the branch growth extent is limited to a certain size; when the fault is divided into many segments, each with a linear distributed initial aperture; and if the main fault is curved. The generation of a number of splay fractures can act to increase the permeability of the rock mass. When the splay fractures are constrained by two faults, a rhomb‐shaped fault zone involving multiple high‐angle branches forms. The development of the second‐generation splay fractures on a first‐generation one is promoted by fluid penetration. Multiple fluid‐driven splay fractures can be created under the condition that fluid pressure is below or slightly above the fault confining stress. This implies that generation of complex splay fracture patterns requires less energy than generating a single opening‐mode fracture. Multiple fluid‐driven splay fracture nucleation and growth into a horsetail pattern occur when the fault‐parallel in situ normal stress becomes more tensile. In addition, the effects of fluid viscosity and tensile fracture toughness are investigated to determine their role in splay fracture initiation and growth.
No significant steady state surface creep along the North Anatolian Fault offshore Istanbul: Results of 6 months of seafloor acoustic ranging
Authors: Sakic P. , Piété H. , Ballu V. , Royer J.‐Y. , Kopp H. , Lange D. , Petersen F. , Özeren M. S. , Ergintav S. , Geli L. , Henry P. , Deschamps A. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe submarine Istanbul‐Silivri fault segment, within 15 km of Istanbul, is the only portion of the North Anatolian Fault that has not ruptured in the last 250 years. We report first results of a seafloor acoustic ranging experiment to quantify current horizontal deformation along this segment and assess whether the segment is creeping aseismically or accumulating stress to be released in a future event. Ten transponders were installed to monitor length variations along 15 baselines. A joint least squares inversion for across‐fault baseline changes, accounting for sound speed drift at each transponder, precludes fault displacement rates larger than a few millimeters per year during the 6 month observation period. Forward modeling shows that the data better fit a locked state or a very moderate surface creep—less than 6 mm/yr compared to a far‐field slip rate of over 20 mm/yr—suggesting that the fault segment is currently accumulating stress.
Very low frequency earthquakes spatiotemporally asynchronous with strong tremor during the 2014 episodic tremor and slip event in Cascadia
Authors: Hutchison Alexandra A. , Ghosh Abhijit 
Published: June 2016

AbstractWe find very low frequency earthquakes (VLFEs) in Cascadia during the 2014 episodic tremor and slip event under Washington and Vancouver Island using a grid search centroid moment tensor inversion method. The very low frequency earthquakes occur when and where there is no strong tremor detected, contrasting with previous findings where tremor and very low frequency earthquakes have a clear spatiotemporal relationship. This challenges our current understanding of the dynamic relationship between the different types of slow earthquakes and their relationship to slow slip. We interpret these findings to suggest that VLFEs and tremor may have their own “seismic cycles,” resulting from asperities of different sizes or characteristics that respond pseudo‐independently to stress loading. We propose that very low frequency earthquakes and tremor are subject to asynchronous seismic cycles.
Predicting Atlantic seasonal hurricane activity using outgoing longwave radiation over Africa
Authors: Karnauskas Kristopher B. , Li Laifang 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSeasonal hurricane activity is a function of the amount of initial disturbances (e.g., easterly waves) and the background environment in which they develop into tropical storms (i.e., the main development region). Focusing on the former, a set of indices based solely upon the meridional structure of satellite‐derived outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) over the African continent are shown to be capable of predicting Atlantic seasonal hurricane activity with very high rates of success. Predictions of named storms based on the July OLR field and trained only on the time period prior to the year being predicted yield a success rate of 87%, compared to the success rate of NOAA's August outlooks of 53% over the same period and with the same average uncertainty range (±2). The resulting OLR indices are statistically robust, highly detectable, physically linked to the predictand, and may account for longer‐term observed trends.
Evidence of the excitation of a ring‐like gravity wave in the mesosphere over the Andes Lidar Observatory
Authors: Vargas Fabio , Swenson Gary , Liu Alan , Pautet Dominique 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOn 23 March 2012, our all‐sky imager recorded a concentric, ring‐like gravity wave pattern. The wave arose within the area covered by images of both OH and O(1S) nightglow emissions taken at the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO), Chile (30.3°S, 70.7°W). We have estimated the observed and intrinsic parameters of the event and located the wave source within the lower mesosphere altitude range using a reverse ray tracing method. By the analysis of GOES and LIS satellite images, we have not found evidence of neither convective nor lightning activity nearby ALO, indicating that the source of the ring‐like wave was not directly in the troposphere. The absence of tropospheric activity and the height of the source of the event suggest that a secondary wave generation mechanism might be the cause of the ring‐like wave. The secondary wave mechanism was likely triggered by a breaking, larger‐scale primary wave excited by deep convection ∼1400 km northeast of ALO over Bolivia, as determined by a forward ray tracing scheme.
Mechanical and hydrologic properties of Whillans Ice Stream till: Implications for basal strength and stick‐slip failure
Authors: Leeman J. R. , Valdez R. D. , Alley R. B. , Anandakrishnan S. , Saffer D. M. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIce streams transport large volumes of inland ice to the ocean and play a key role in the mass balance of the Antarctic ice sheet. The rate and style of ice stream basal slip are governed, in part, by the underlying till whose physical properties are poorly constrained. To address this problem, we conducted a suite of laboratory measurements to document the permeability, stiffness, consolidation behavior, and compressional wave speeds of Whillans Ice Stream till samples. We investigated the effects of stepped and cyclic loading on the evolution of the till. Initial permeabilities were 3.8–4.9 × 10−17 m2 (porosities 28.1–31.8%), which decreased to 2.0 × 10−19 m2 (20.4%) at 10 MPa effective stress. P wave velocities span from 2.26 to 3 km/s over this effective stress range and are well described by an effective medium model. The laboratory measurements were used to parameterize a 1‐D numerical model to predict the till's response to stress perturbations. Perturbations corresponding to tidal periods produce a drained and strengthened layer tens of centimeter thick. For perturbations over time scales of weeks to months, as expected for till motion over basement features, the drained zone is a few meters thick. This strong layer can become brittle upon unloading and may facilitate observed stick‐slip motion. Extrapolation of our effective medium model suggests that low basal effective stresses, on the order of a few tens of kPa, are needed to produce seismic velocities observed in the field (Vp~1750 m/s; Vs~160 m/s) and provides an approach to quantify and monitor in situ conditions.
Aeminium
Authors: Carvalho Pedro C. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Aeminium
was one of the most important Roman cities in the northwestern part of the province of Lusitania. It is noted for harboring one of the best preserved cryptoportici of the Roman world. Under Claudius, the forum of this
civitas
capital was built over the cryptoporticus. The architecture of the forum was unusual, with two‐tiered porticoes, and the layout of a basilica with
aedes Augusti
.
Pyrrho of Elis
Authors: Svavarsson Svavar Hrafn 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Pyrrho of Elis (365/60–275/70
bce
) lent his name to Pyrrhonism, one of the two skeptical schools of ancient philosophy. Since he left nothing in writing, we are mostly dependent on the testimony of his disciple Timon of Phleious. More dogmatic than later Pyrrhonists he advanced the view that things were by nature no specific way. He suggested that those who accepted this insight would attain tranquility.
Sextus Empiricus
Authors: Spinelli Emidio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractSextus Empiricus is the last Pyrrhonian thinker known to us. He lived and worked probably at the end of the second centuryce. Apart from a global attack against different and equally untenable dogmatic theses in the fields of logic, physics, ethics, and technical arts, Sextus from a practical point of view also indicates two positive goals, tranquility and moderation of feeling, thanks to which the skeptic can propose a peculiar, new and coherent “art of living,” against any malevolent, dogmatic charge of inactivity orapraxia.
Baiae
Authors: Baker Catherine K. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The town of Baiae (modern‐day Baia), located in the northwestern part of the Bay of Naples, was a popular resort for Romans during the Late Republic and imperial periods. As a destination for BATHING, relaxation, and luxury, the town also acquired a notorious reputation among Roman authors. An elaborate Roman bathing complex has been excavated in the area of the town, as well as the remains of several villas.
Basilides
Authors: Reaves Pamela Mullins 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Basilides was an early Christian teacher, active in Alexandria during the early second century
ce
. Fragments of his work survive through other early Christian writers, primarily Clement of Alexandria; additional, though inconsistent, reports of his teachings and followers also appear within anti‐heretical writings. Basilides wrote the earliest known Christian commentary. Aspects of his thought parallel early gnostic traditions, suggesting mutual influence; he also drew on contemporary Stoic and Platonic concepts.
Apennines
Authors: Herring Edward 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The Apennines are the chain of mountains that form the backbone of Italy. They were an important economic resource in antiquity, particularly supporting the rearing of sheep, goats, and pigs. Although not impenetrable, the Apennines did hinder East‐West communications in prehistory and, consequently, helped shape the differing trajectories of cultural development in Tyrrhenian and Adriatic Italy. The few low‐lying crossing points were also strategically important in ancient times.
Bracara Augusta
Authors: Fontes Luís , Martins Manuela 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Bracara Augusta (Braga) in northwest Iberia was founded by Augustus. In the third century it became the capital of the Roman province of Gallaecia and subsequently of the Swabian kingdom. Extensive excavations have yielded much information about the city. The most important contributions of archaeology include the identification of the original urban plan, the discovery of public and private buildings, and the study of the necropolis. From these discoveries, it is possible to sketch the topographic evolution of the city from its foundation until Late Antiquity.
Agios Vasilios in Lakonia
Authors: Karadimas Nektarios 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The archaeological site of Agios Vasilios is located south of Sparta (Lakonia, Greece). Excavations are uncovering a new Mycenaean palace, with the only Linear B archive ever found in Lakonia. The site has been excavated systematically since 2010 by Adamantia Vasilogamvrou, Ephor Emerita of Antiquities, under the auspices of the Archaeological Society at Athens.
Archontiko in Macedonia
Authors: Saripanidi Vivi 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
The ancient settlement at Archontiko, near Giannitsa, was inhabited from the Middle Neolithic to the Late Byzantine period. Apart from the remains of domestic quarters from various chronological phases, excavations at this site have brought to light a series of cemeteries, which date from the Early Iron Age to the beginning of the Hellenistic period. The finds from the West Cemetery in particular suggest that, in the sixth and early fifth centuries BCE, local mortuary practices acquired a manifestly ostentatious dimension.
Epimenides of Crete
Authors: Oikonomaki Androniki 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Epimenides was a semi‐mythical Cretan seer, purifier, poet, and historian from Knossos, who is said to have been active in the late seventh to the sixth century
bce
. He was renowned as the “favorite of heaven,” the “New Kouros,” and the seventh Wise Man of antiquity. He was said to have purified Athens from the plague caused by the murder of Kylon's followers and to have written epic poems, including
Theogony
and
Argonautica
, and a prose work on the history of Crete.
Portes in Achaia
Authors: Giannopoulos Theodoros G. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Portes is a prehistoric site in the southwestern part of Achaia, in the northwestern Peloponnese in southern Greece. It is particularly important for its Late Bronze Age or Mycenaean cemetery, which was in use throughout this period (1700–1050
bce
). Comprising tumuli, several types of rectangular built and cist graves as well as tholos and chamber tombs, the prehistoric cemetery of Portes is the epitome of most of the burial customs practiced in Late Bronze Age Greece. Of great importance among the finds is a rich warrior burial of the Late Helladic IIIC period (twelfth–eleventh century
bce
).
Akanthos
Authors: Perron Martin 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Akanthos is a Greek colony of the Cycladic island of Andros founded on the eastern prong (Akte) of Chalcidice. According to literary sources, the colony was established in 655/654
bce
on a former Thracian settlement located near the modern village of Ierissos. Archaeological excavations conducted at the site have delivered locally made Iron Age pottery and imports from the south and the east Aegean. Iron Age structures are also attested. During the Archaic and later periods, Akanthos was considered a prosperous city, as confirmed by its silver coinage, its numbers of pottery kilns, and its vast necropolis of over 14,000 tombs. The city was occupied until the Late Byzantine period.