bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Attitudes and Willingness to Assume Risk of Experimental Therapy to Eradicate Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
Authors: Oseso Linda , Magaret Amalia S. , Jerome Keith R. , Fox Julie , Wald Anna 
Published: August 2016

Background
Current treatment of genital herpes is focused on ameliorating signs and symptoms but is not curative. However, as potential herpes simplex virus (HSV) cure approaches are tested in the laboratory, we aimed to assess the interest in such studies by persons with genital herpes and the willingness to assume risks associated with experimental therapy.

Methods
We constructed an anonymous online questionnaire that was posted on websites that provide information regarding genital herpes. The questions collected demographic and clinical information on adults who self-reported as having genital herpes, and assessed attitudes toward and willingness to participate in HSV cure clinical research.

Results
Seven hundred eleven participants provided sufficient responses to be included in the analysis. Sixty-six percent were women; the median age was 37 years, and the median time since genital HSV diagnosis was 4.7 years. The willingness to participate in trials increased from 59.0% in phase 1 to 68.5% in phase 2, and 81.2% in phase 3 trials, and 40% reported willingness to participate even in the absence of immediate, personal benefits. The most desirable outcome was the elimination of risk for transmission to sex partner or neonate. The mean perceived severity of receiving a diagnosis of genital HSV-2 was 4.2 on a scale of 1 to 5.

Conclusions
Despite suppressive therapy available, persons with genital herpes are interested in participating in clinical research aimed at curing HSV, especially in more advanced stages of development.
Visualizing the Geography of Genetic Variants
Authors: Marcus Joseph H. , Novembre John 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOne of the key characteristics of any genetic variant is its geographic distribution. The geographic distribution can shed light on where an allele first arose, what populations it has spread to, and in turn on how migration, genetic drift, and natural selection have acted. The distribution of a genetic variant can also be of great utility for medical/clinical geneticists. Collectively the geographic distribution of many genetic variants can reveal population structure. As a result, visual inspection of geographic maps for genetic variants is common practice in genetic studies. Here we develop an interactive visualization tool for rapidly displaying the geographic distribution of genetic variants. Through a REST API and dynamic front-end theGeography of Genetic Variants (GGV)browser provides maps of allele frequencies in populations distributed across the globe.
Intranasal oxytocin enhances intrinsic corticostriatal functional connectivity in women
Authors: Bethlehem Richard A. I. , Lombardo Michael V. , Lai Meng-Chuan , Auyeung Bonnie , Crockford Sarah K. , Deakin Julia , Soubramanian Sentil , Sule Akeem , Kundu Prantik , Voon Valerie , Baron-Cohen Simon 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOxytocin may influence various human behaviors and the connectivity across subcortical and cortical networks. Previous oxytocin studies are male-biased and often constrained by task-based inferences. Here we investigate the impact of oxytocin on resting state connectivity between subcortical and cortical networks in women. We collected resting state fMRI data on 26 typically-developing women 40 minutes following intranasal oxytocin administration using a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover design. Independent components analysis (ICA) was applied to examine connectivity between networks. An independent analysis of oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene expression in human subcortical and cortical areas was carried out to determine plausibility of direct oxytocin effects onOXTR. In women,OXTRwas highly expressed in striatal and other subcortical regions, but showed modest expression in cortical areas. Oxytocin increased connectivity between corticostriatal circuitry typically involved in reward, emotion, social-communication, language, and pain processing. This effect was 1.39 standard deviations above the null effect of no difference between oxytocin and placebo. This oxytocin-related effect on corticostriatal connectivity covaried with autistic traits, such that oxytocin-related increase in connectivity was stronger in individuals with higher autistic traits. In sum, oxytocin strengthened corticostriatal connectivity in women, particularly with cortical networks that are involved in social-communicative, motivational, and affective processes. This effect may be important for future work on neurological and psychiatric conditions (e.g., autism), particularly through highlighting how oxytocin may operate differently for subsets of individuals.
Evolving Trends in Teaching: Narration and Imagination vs Video Footages
Authors: Fatima Urooj 
Published: August 2016

The research discussed in this paper aims to study the impact of video footages on the academic performance of students. Video footages are usually inserted into video lectures — in addition to the verbal narration of any examples by the teachers — to explain and simplify concepts. Similarly, in conventional classrooms, teachers verbally narrate examples to clarify concepts — but, in this case, students have to rely on their imagination and previous exposure to similar situations to develop an understanding of the concepts.A two-phase experiment was designed to compare these two teaching methods. A sample of 70 participants was drawn from non-psychology students in the Virtual University of Pakistan; and two groups, Group A and Group B, each with 35 participants, were formed through random assignment of the students. In the first phase of the experiment, members of Group A were taught through a 24-minute video lecture on psychology, which had four chunks of video footage in it. After the lecture, the students' academic learning was measured through a multiple-choice test with 27 items, which was developed by incorporating an equal number of questions on three levels of Bloom's taxonomy (viz. understanding, comprehension and application). The item levels were decided after agreement by three examiners who had at least three years of experience of developing such questions. In the second phase, a lecture with similar content was taught to Group B. The only difference was in the mode of delivery: in this case, the content was conveyed verbally and no video footages were used. The same test of students' learning was employed to get the scores of Group B. In addition, a qualitative study, involving data gathered through participants' feedback on the performance of the learning facilitators and weaknesses in both teaching modes was collected in order to explore the participants' perceptions and experiences of the phenomenon being studied. The results indicated that the two groups were significantly different in terms of academic achievement. The mean values suggested that those who were taught through video footages showed a higher level of academic learning than those who received a traditional verbal narration lecture. In addition, the students reported that the video footages and examples facilitated their learning, and helped them to remain focused and motivated in class. The findings have broad implications for teachers, content developers, academic policy-makers and producers involved in the production of academic content.
Recognition of prior learning: opportunities and challenges for higher education
Authors: Garnett Jonathan , Cavaye Angele 
Published: August 2016

Purpose
Recognition of prior learning (RPL) is a process by which both formal learning for recognised awards, informal learning from experience and non-formal learning for uncertificated but planned learning is given academic recognition. The paper aims to discuss these issues.

Design/methodology/approach
This paper refers to international developments in RPL and then focuses upon the extensive and innovative use of RPL by Middlesex University and the developing RPL work at the Australian Institute of Business.

Findings
The Middlesex experience of recognition of learning from experience as part of the development of customised work-based learning programmes demonstrates the potential of RPL for business and management programmes.

Originality/value
The use of RPL for admission and/or credit in standard programmes enables individuals to have their work-based knowledge acknowledged as relevant, worthwhile and equivalent to learning obtained in the higher education classroom.
Epigenetic modulation on cat‐cow interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos by treatment with trichostatin A
Authors: Wittayarat Manita , Sato Yoko , Do Lanh Thi Kim , Chatdarong Kaywalee , Tharasanit Theerawat , Techakumphu Mongkol , Taniguchi Masayasu , Otoi Takeshige 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the acetylation at lysine 9/18/23 of histone H3 (H3K9ac/H3K18ac/H3K23ac; H3K9/18/23 ac) and the di‐methylation at lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3K9me2) during early embryogenesis among trichostatin A (TSA)‐treated interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) cat‐cow (TSA‐iSCNT) embryos, TSA‐untreated iSCNT cat‐cow control (control) embryos and bovine in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos, because TSA‐iSCNT embryos can develop to blastocysts. Compared to the control embryos, higher expressions of H3K9/18/23 ac were observed in TSA‐iSCNT embryos and IVF embryos at most following stages (2 h post‐fusion / post‐insemination (PF/PI) to eight‐cell stage). At 6 h PF/PI the expression of H3K9/23 ac in TSA‐iSCNT embryos and IVF embryos were lower than those in control embryos, and the expression of H3K18ac was no difference among the three groups. The expression of H3K9/23 ac increased in TSA‐iSCNT embryos and IVF embryos at pronuclear (PN) stages. The expression of H3K9me2 in TSA‐iSCNT embryos resembled that of IVF embryos at 2 h PF/PI to PN stages, and these expression levels were greater than those of control embryos. These results suggest that treatment of iSCNT embryos with TSA modifies the patterns of histone modification at certain lysine residues in a manner that is comparable with that seen in IVF during early embryogenesis.
Morphologische Kriterien vesikulobullöser Hauterkrankungen in der konfokalen In‐vivo‐Laserscanmikroskopie
Authors: Samhaber Kinga T. , Buhl Timo , Brauns Birka , Hofmann Lars , Mitteldorf Christina , Seitz Cornelia S. , Schön Michael P. , Rosenberger Albert , Haenssle Holger A. 
Published: August 2016

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielvorgabenKonfokale Laserscanmikroskopie (Reflectance confocal microscopy; RCM) kann eine nützliche Methode für die genaue, schnelle und nicht‐invasive Diagnose für vesikullobullöse Hauterkrankungen (VSD) am Krankenbett sein. Das primäre Ergebnis dieser Studie war eine deskriptive statistische Analyse von RCM‐Merkmalen, die mit einer ausgewählten Gruppe an VSD einhergehen.Patienten und MethodenMonozentrische Beobachtungsstudie an einer Universitätsklinik für Dermatologie. Vierzig Hautläsionen bei 24 Patienten mit bullösem Pemphigoid (BP), Infektion mit Varizella Zoster (VZI) oder allergischer Kontaktdermatitis (ACD) wurden ausgewertet.ErgebnissePatienten mit BP, VZI und ACD wurden auf die Anwesenheit eines großen Spektrums an RCM‐Merkmalen hin untersucht, darunter die histopathologische Korrelation von Spongiose, Vesikel/Hautblasen, epidermaler Nekrose, pleomorphen, ballonierte Keratinozyten und entzündlichen Infiltraten. Die drei Erkrankungen zeigten spezifische Muster für Auftreten dieser RCM‐Merkmale. Wir identifizierten mit Hilfe einer multivariaten Regressionsanalyse einen Satz morphologischer Merkmale bei BP (Vesikel/Hautblasen an der dermoepidermalen Junktionszone, entzündliche Infiltrate in Hautblasen und basalen Epidermisschichten, Spongiose in basalen Epidermisschichten), VZI (Akantholyse im Stratum spinosum, epidermale Nekrose, pleomorphe, ballonierte Keratinozyten, multinukleäre Riesenzellen) und ACD (Mikrovesikel, Spongiose und auffällige entzündliche Infiltrate im Stratum granulosum/spinosum).SchlussfolgerungenRCM scheint ein nützliches Werkzeug bei der Analyse und der Unterscheidung einer ausgewählten Gruppe von VSDs zu sein und bietet eine gute Korrelation mit histopathologischen Untersuchungsergebnissen.
Quality of life and national pension receipt after retirement among older adults
Authors: Ju Yeong Jun , Han Kyu‐Tae , Lee Hyo Jung , Lee Joo Eun , Choi Jae Woo , Hyun In Seon , Park Eun‐Cheol 
Published: August 2016

AimAs the aging population (including baby boomers) retires, its members face the problem of retirement security. Social security, including the national pension, is the most important source of retirement security and thus directly affects the well‐being of retired older adults. We investigated the relationship between national pension receipt and quality of life (QoL) among Koreans aged 60 years or older.MethodsWe used data from the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging obtained in 2006–2012 from 340 baseline individuals who had retired. We measured QoL using a visual analog scale. A generalized estimating equations model was used to carry out a longitudinal regression analysis on longitudinal data.ResultsWhen participants who received a national pension were used as the reference group, those participants who did not receive a national pension had a QoL of –4.40 (SE = 1.73; P = 0.0109). Additionally, individuals without a national pension and with a low household income showed the most drastic decrease in QoL (–10.42; SE = 4.53; P = 0.0214). Individuals without a national pension and with a low wealth level showed a considerable decrease in QoL compared with individuals with national pension and with a low wealth level (–8.34; SE = 4.14; P = 0.0438).ConclusionsNational pension receipt among retired older adults influences QoL, and the present results suggest that guaranteed income is very important to retired older adults with a low economic status. Thus, we require national pension schemes that aim to address retirement security for these individuals. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 1205–1213.
Service user involvement enhanced the research quality in a study using interpretative phenomenological analysis – the power of multiple perspectives
Authors: Mjøsund Nina Helen , Eriksson Monica , Espnes Geir Arild , Haaland‐Øverby Mette , Jensen Sven Liang , Norheim Irene , Kjus Solveig Helene Høymork , Portaasen Inger‐Lill , Vinje Hege Forbech 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to examine how service user involvement can contribute to the development of interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology and enhance research quality.BackgroundInterpretative phenomenological analysis is a qualitative methodology used in nursing research internationally to understand human experiences that are essential to the participants. Service user involvement is requested in nursing research.DesignWe share experiences from 4 years of collaboration (2012–2015) on a mental health promotion project, which involved an advisory team.MethodsFive research advisors either with a diagnosis or related to a person with severe mental illness constituted the team. They collaborated with the research fellow throughout the entire research process and have co‐authored this article. We examined the joint process of analysing the empirical data from interviews. Our analytical discussions were audiotaped, transcribed and subsequently interpreted following the guidelines for good qualitative analysis in interpretative phenomenological analysis studies.ResultsThe advisory team became ‘the researcher's helping hand’. Multiple perspectives influenced the qualitative analysis, which gave more insightful interpretations of nuances, complexity, richness or ambiguity in the interviewed participants’ accounts. The outcome of the service user involvement was increased breadth and depth in findings.ConclusionService user involvement improved the research quality in a nursing research project on mental health promotion. The interpretative element of interpretative phenomenological analysis was enhanced by the emergence of multiple perspectives in the qualitative analysis of the empirical data. We argue that service user involvement and interpretative phenomenological analysis methodology can mutually reinforce each other and strengthen qualitative methodology.
Free radicals and antioxidant enzymes in older adults after regular senior elastic band exercising: an experimental randomized controlled pilot study
Authors: Liao Lin Yu , Chung Wei Sheng , Chen Kuei Min 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to pilot test the effects of regular senior elastic band exercises on the generation of free radicals and antioxidant enzyme activities in older adults.BackgroundLong‐term regular exercises have positive health promotion outcomes. On the contrary, high‐intensity, high‐speed and short‐term exercises in older adults may increase free radicals and cause chronic disease and ageing effect.DesignA prospective randomized controlled pilot study.MethodsData were collected during 2012. Twenty‐five older adults were recruited from a community care centre, southern Taiwan and were randomly assigned to either an experimental or control group. Twenty‐two participants completed the study: experimental group (n = 10) and control group (n = 12). The experimental group performed 6‐month senior elastic band exercises while the control group kept regular daily routines. Both groups received blood tests (thiobarbituric acid‐reacting substances and glutathione peroxidase) 30 minutes before the study began and 1 hour after the final intervention treatment.ResultsAt the end of the 6‐month senior elastic band exercises, no statistically significant differences in thiobarbituric acid‐reacting substances and glutathione peroxidase values between the experimental and control groups. No significant differences existed in both thiobarbituric acid‐reacting substances and glutathione peroxidase values before and after the 6‐month senior elastic band exercises either.ConclusionsRegular senior elastic band exercises did not increase the generation of free radicals and antioxidant enzyme activities. Senior elastic band exercises have the potential to be promoted among older adults in the community as an exercise option without adverse effects on free radicals and have potential for mitigating ageing and increasing disease control.
Leader trustworthy behavior and organizational trust: the role of the immediate manager for cultivating trust
Authors: Legood Alison , Thomas Geoff , Sacramento Claudia 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDrawing from both trust‐building theory and interpersonal trust literature, we investigate how trust between a leader and follower may be leveraged to influence organizational trust. We also explore the mediating mechanisms of this link and test a potential moderator. A cross‐sectional, multifoci design was adopted and participants were 201 employees within a public sector organization. Leader trustworthy behavior was found to predict organizational trust, mediated by trustworthiness perceptions and trust in the leader. Support for the boundary condition was found; namely, when leaders were more senior, the relationship between trustworthy behavior and organizational trust was stronger. The findings suggest that leaders can meaningfully influence organizational trust perceptions through the enactment of trustworthy behavior, although the strength of this effect varied as a function of their position.
Climate Change and Asset Prices: Are Corporate Carbon Disclosure and Performance Priced Appropriately?
Authors: Liesen Andrea , Figge Frank , Hoepner Andreas , Patten Dennis M. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThis paper empirically assesses the relevance of information on corporate climate change disclosure and performance to asset prices, and discusses whether this information is priced appropriately. Findings indicate that corporate disclosures of quantitative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and, to a lesser extent, carbon performance are value relevant. We use hand‐collected information on quantitative GHG emissions for 433 European companies and build portfolios based on GHG disclosure and performance. We regress portfolios on a standard four factor model extended for industry effects over the years 2005 to 2009. Results show that investors achieved abnormal risk‐adjusted returns of up to 13.05% annually by exploiting inefficiently priced positive effects of (complete) GHG emissions disclosure and good corporate climate change performance in terms of GHG efficiency. Results imply that, firstly, information costs involved in carbon disclosure and management do not present a burden on corporate financial resources. Secondly, investors should not neglect carbon disclosure and performance when making investment decisions. Thirdly, during the period analysed, financial markets were inefficient in pricing publicly available information on carbon disclosure and performance. Mandatory and standardised information on carbon performance would consequently not only increase market efficiency but result in better allocation of capital within the real economy.
Creating a More Diverse Midwifery Workforce in the United States: A Historical Reflection
Authors: Dawley Katy , Walsh Linda V. 
Published: August 2016

IntroductionAs nurse‐midwifery practice expanded beyond areas surrounding early nurse‐midwifery education programs, leaders in the profession wanted to establish a strong diverse, inclusive professional organization, a necessary step in creating a diverse workforce (defined here as open to nurse‐midwives of all colors, ethnicities, and national origins) that would maintain standards, provide continuing education, and facilitate communication among nurse‐midwives. This research presents historical context and organizational factors supporting and limiting development of a workforce reflective of communities served by nurse‐midwives.MethodsSearches in the National Library of Medicine Historical Collection, American College of Nurse‐Midwives (ACNM) Collections, and the Rockefeller Archives Center, as well as recorded interview data, provided primary sources for analysis. Secondary sources include research and opinions in scholarly publications including journals and books released from 1930 to the present.ResultsNurse‐midwifery leaders developed relationships with well‐respected philanthropists, as well as maternal and child health administrators in state departments of health and the US Children's Bureau, to implement initiatives to recruit and retain midwives of color. Continued interest in the goal of inclusion, work of midwives of color, and commitment to creating a diverse workforce led to the creation of the standing ACNM Midwives of Color Committee in 1990 and the Diversity and Inclusion Task Force, which released its report, “Shifting the Frame: A Report on Diversity and Inclusion in the American College of Nurse‐Midwives,”1 in June 2015.DiscussionOver the past 60 years, ACNM leadership and midwives of color have continued to explore new and effective means to create a workforce that reflects the communities in which nurse‐midwives practice.