bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
“Welcome to The Shop”
Authors: Hall H. Bernard 
Published: December 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to describe the ways in which hip-hop pedagogies and literacies encouraged middle school students to explore performance poetry as a tool to “(w)right” the truth(s) about learning and living in their local and global communities.

Design/methodology/approach
Collaborative self-study research methodologies were used by the author, a black male teacher educator and hip-hop cultural insider, along with two white, female reading specialists and hip-hop cultural outsiders, to collect and analyze the practices and behaviors used in The Shop – an after-school hip-hop-based spoken word poetry club for middle school students in a small, urban public school district in Northeastern USA.

Findings
Three primary findings emerge: teachers with limited cultural and content knowledge of hip-hop may struggle to negotiate real and perceived curricular constraints associated with using pedagogies with hip-hop texts and aesthetics in traditional school contexts, the intersections of teachers’ racial, cultural and gender identities informed the respective practices and behaviors in a number of interesting ways, and using hip-hop pedagogies for social justice in public schools requires a delicate balance of both transparency and discretion on the part of teachers.

Originality/value
Study findings are salient for in- and pre-service English teachers and English educators, as they offer insights and reflections on the instructional and relational challenges cultural outsiders may face when using hip-hop culture to create spaces and opportunities for young people to talk back and speak truth to power.
Simultaneous Identification of Four “Legal High” Plant Species in a Multiplex PCR High‐Resolution Melt Assay,
Authors: Elkins Kelly M. , Perez Anjelica C. U. , Quinn Alicia A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe international prevalence of “legal high” drugs necessitates the development of a method for their detection and identification. Herein, we describe the development and validation of a tetraplex multiplex real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay used to simultaneously identify morning glory, jimson weed, Hawaiian woodrose, and marijuana detected by high‐resolution melt using LCGreen Plus®. The PCR assay was evaluated based on the following: (i) specificity and selectivity—primers were tested on DNA extracted from 30 species and simulated forensic samples, (ii) sensitivity—serial dilutions of the target DNA were prepared, and (iii) reproducibility and reliability—sample replicates were tested and remelted on different days. The assay is ideal for cases in which inexpensive assays are needed to quickly detect and identify trace biological material present on drug paraphernalia that is too compromised for botanical microscopic identification and for which analysts are unfamiliar with the morphology of the emerging “legal high” species.
Inter‐Method Variability of Ferritin and Transferrin Saturation Measurement Methods in Patients on Hemodialysis
Authors: Kamei Daigo , Tsuchiya Ken , Miura Hitomi , Nitta Kosaku , Akiba Takashi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractSerum ferritin level and transferrin saturation (TSAT) are widely used to evaluate iron status in patients with chronic kidney disease, and are also important variables for performing statistical analyses. Many guidelines have set control targets or upper limits for these markers. Inter‐method variability is an important consideration in iron control and statistical analysis. We used 10 ferritin assay kits and five iron/unsaturated iron‐binding capacity/total iron‐binding capacity assay kits to determine ferritin levels and TSAT in 114 patients on maintenance dialysis, and evaluated measurement bias using Passing‐Bablok regression analyses. The variance of distributions categorized by differences in assay kits was examined using Fisher's exact test. Slopes ranged from 1.00 to 1.63 (1.00 to 0.61) for ferritin and 1.00 to 1.10 (1.00 to 0.91) for TSAT. The distribution according to the 2015 JSDT Guideline for Renal Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease significantly changed (P = 0.01). TSAT thus provides more precise control than ferritin in multi‐center comparisons where no particular assay is specified. Developers must reduce variability in serum ferritin assay kits. Researchers must analyze measured values by taking into account the propagation of errors, and clinicians must evaluate laboratory data carefully.
Optimal pharmacological treatment and adherence to medication in secondary prevention of cardiovascular events in Spain: Results from the CAPS study
Authors: Cordero Alberto , Rodriguez Padial Luis , Batalla Alberto , López Barreiro Luis , Torres Calvo Francisco , Castellano Jose M. , Ruiz Emilio , Bertomeu‐Martínez Vicente ,   the CAPS study investigators
Published: December 2016

SummaryIntroductionDespite the large amount of evidence supporting the use of antiplatelet agents, beta‐blockers, angiotensin antagonists, and lipid‐lowering statins in patients with stable coronary artery disease, several studies have documented underprescription of optimal medical treatment (OMT) in Spain.AimsThe present study aimed to describe the current trend of pharmacological prescription in secondary prevention treatment for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in a Spanish cohort.MethodsThis study was a multicenter, observational, cross‐sectional study (CAPS study, FER‐CAR‐2014‐01) in the context of only one visit. Adherence levels to the prescribed medication, the reasons for not prescription of each medication, the existence of possible associations between sociodemographic features, different CVDs, and different drugs with treatment compliance were also analyzed in patients who have suffered cardiovascular effects.ResultsSix hundred and twelve patients (68.5±10.7 years old; 78% males) were included. OMT was prescribed in 40.8% of the patients. The main reason for not prescribing was due to the physician's discretion. Adherence to medication, measured by the Morisky‐Green questionnaire, was 45.8%, and it was positively related to the presence of coronary events (OR 1.80; 95% CI: 1.05‐3.21) but not with any drug type. Moreover, a higher educational background implied a higher percentage of adherence to medication. Finally, nonadherent patients were prescribed more daily medicine intakes.ConclusionsLow adherence to guideline‐oriented treatment as well as low adherence to medication was found by a self‐reported questionnaire. Enhancing adherence to guideline‐recommended therapy and reducing treatment complexity seem to be reasonable strategies to improve adherence to secondary prevention medications.
d‐Cycloserine enhanced extinction of cocaine‐induced conditioned place preference is attenuated in serotonin transporter knockout rats
Authors: Karel Peter , Calabrese Francesca , Riva Marco , Brivio Paola , Van der Veen Bas , Reneman Liesbeth , Verheij Michel , Homberg Judith 
Published: December 2016

Abstractd‐Cycloserine (DCS), a partial NMDA receptor agonist, has been proposed as a cognitive enhancer to facilitate the extinction of drug‐related memories. However, it is unknown whether there are individual differences in the efficacy of DCS. Here, we set out to investigate the influence of serotonin transporter (5‐HTT) genotype on DCS treatment outcome and the underlying neural mechanism. To that end, we first determined the mRNA levels of several NMDA receptor subunits and observed a reduction in NR1/NR2C receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens of 5‐HTT−/− compared with 5‐HTT+/+ rats. Based on this finding, we hypothesized a lower sensitivity to DCS in the 5‐HTT−/− rats. To test this, rats were trained in a cocaine‐induced conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm. A significant extinction of CPP was observed in 5‐HTT+/+ rats receiving 1 mg/kg i.v. DCS, while a similar effect was found in the 5‐HTT−/− rats only after 5 mg/kg. Following CPP, we tested if DCS were able to reduce FosB/∆FosB protein expression, a molecular switch for cocaine‐seeking behaviour. We observed an overall lower number of FosB/∆FosB positive cells in 5‐HTT−/− ventromedial prefrontal cortex and amygdala and an overall effect of DCS treatment on the number of positive cells in the nucleus accumbens. In conclusion, in this study, we show that the dosing of DCS to facilitate the extinction of cocaine‐seeking behaviour is, at least partially, determined by 5‐HTT genotype.
The impact of olodaterol on the risk of mortality and serious adverse events: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Lee Hyun Woo , Kim Hyung‐Jun , Lee Chang‐Hoon 
Published: December 2016

AimsOlodaterol is a novel inhaled long‐acting β2‐agonist (LABA) that showed efficacy as a bronchodilator for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. However, it is unclear whether olodaterol reduces mortality; the safety issues of olodaterol have not been fully evaluated.MethodsRandomized controlled trials comparing olodaterol with placebo for patients with COPD or asthma, which evaluated mortality or serious adverse events, were included. Eighteen trials reporting mortality and 26 trials reporting nonfatal serious adverse events were included.ResultsInhaled olodaterol did not reduce the risk of mortality (Peto fixed OR 1.31; 95% CI 0.90–1.89) and had no significant impacts on nonfatal serious adverse events (Peto fixed OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.91–1.15).ConclusionsInhaled olodaterol has no impact on mortality risk in clinical trials conducted on patients with COPD and asthma. However, the interpretation is limited by a high OR (1.31) and a wide CI that includes the hazardous effect. We could not find any relationship between inhaled olodaterol use and nonfatal serious adverse events.
Macrophage polarization: a key event in the secondary phase of acute spinal cord injury
Authors: Kong Xiangyi , Gao Jun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAcute spinal cord injury (SCI) has become epidemic in modern society. Despite advances made in the understanding of the pathogenesis and improvements in early recognition and treatment, it remains a devastating event, often producing severe and permanent disability.SCIhas two phases: acute and secondary. Although the acute phase is marked by severe local and systemic events such as tissue contusion, ischaemia, haemorrhage and vascular damage, the outcome ofSCIare mainly influenced by the secondary phase.SCIcauses inflammatory responses through the activation of innate immune responses that contribute to secondary injury, in which polarization‐based macrophage activation is a hallmarker. Macrophages accumulated within the epicentre and the haematoma of the injured spinal cord play a significant role in this inflammation. Depending on their phenotype and activation status, macrophages may initiate secondary injury mechanisms and/or promoteCNSregeneration and repair. When it comes to therapies forSCI, very few can be performed in the acute phase. However, as macrophage activation and polarization switch are exquisitely sensitive to changes in microenvironment, some trials have been conducted to modulate macrophage polarization towards benefiting the recovery ofSCI. Given this, it is important to understand how macrophages andSCIinterrelate and interact on a molecular pathophysiological level. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the immuno‐pathophysiological features of acuteSCImainly from the following perspectives:(i)the overview of the pathophysiology of acuteSCI,(ii)the roles of macrophage, especially its polarization switch in acuteSCI, and(iii)newly developed neuroprotective therapies modulating macrophage polarization in acuteSCI.
Gender difference in oxidative stress: a new look at the mechanisms for cardiovascular diseases
Authors: Kander Melissa Christine , Cui Yuqi , Liu Zhenguo 
Published: December 2016

AbstractGender differences are present in many diseases and are especially prevalent in cardiovascular disease. Males tend to suffer from myocardial infarctions earlier than females, and a woman's risk of cardiovascular disease increases after menopause, suggesting a cardio‐protective role of estrogen. However, hormone replacement therapy did not decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease in post‐menopausal women; thus, other mechanisms may be involved besides estrogen. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary artery disease. Gender is also associated with differences in oxidative stress. Under physiological conditions, females appear to be less susceptible to oxidative stress. This may be due to the antioxidant properties of estrogen, gender differences inNADPH‐oxidase activity or other mechanism(s) yet to be defined. This review strives to discuss gender differences in general terms followed by a more detailed examination of gender differences with oxidative stress and various associated diseases and the possible mechanisms underlying these differences.
CARD9 gene silencing with siRNA protects rats against severe acute pancreatitis: CARD9‐dependent NF‐κB and P38MAPKs pathway
Authors: Yang Zhi‐wen , Meng Xiao‐xiao , Zhang Chun , Xu Ping 
Published: December 2016

AbstractWe previously reported the up‐regulation of caspase recruitment domain 9 (CARD9) expressions in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients, but little is known about its regulation. In this study, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to reduce the levels of CARD9 expression in sodium taurocholate‐stimulated SAP rats. CARD9 was overexpressed in SAP rats, which correlated with the severity of pancreatitis. When compared to the untreated group, the cohort that received the siRNA treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in pancreatic injury, neutrophil infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity and pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, siRNAs showed that the reduction of CARD9 in SAP rats down‐regulated the expression of NF‐κBp65 and P38MAPK which are involved in the transcription and release of a wide variety of inflammatory cytokines. These findings provide evidence that CARD9 is up‐regulated in SAP rats and acts as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment thereof. Blocking the activation of NF‐κB and P38MAPK via siRNA‐mediated gene knock‐down of CARD9 appears to reduce the inflammatory response in pancreatic tissue.
Occupational Sex Composition and Gendered Housework Performance: Compensation or Conventionality?
Authors: McClintock Elizabeth Aura 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis article examines the association between occupational sex composition and housework, considering total housework time, time on male‐typed and female‐typed tasks, and the percent of total time spent on male and female tasks. Previous research examining male‐ and female‐typed chores independent of total housework suggests that couples compensate for gender‐atypical employment through gender‐typical housework performance, but this analysis of the National Survey of Families and Households
(1992–1994) and the American Time Use Survey (2003–2013) demonstrates that assuming a quadratic association and failing to contextualize gendered housework performance within total housework performance obscures the true relationship between occupation and housework. In fact, women and men in gender‐atypical occupations perform a more gender‐atypical combination of chores. The influence of gender deviance neutralization in the housework literature may overshadow alternative explanations and model specifications. In particular, by assuming a quadratic association, researchers may impose, rather than test, gender deviance neutralization.
WHEN AND HOW DOES COMMUTING TO CITIES INFLUENCE RURAL EMPLOYMENT GROWTH?
Authors: Lavesson Niclas 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper estimates the influence that rural‐to‐urban commuting has on rural employment growth, and whether the strength and spatial reach of this effect depend on commuters’ levels of education. A main finding is that rural‐to‐urban commuting has a robust positive impact on rural employment growth in services and retail. There is no significant difference in how far these effects reach into rural Sweden for commuters with different levels of education. These results suggest that a viable policy for local employment growth in rural areas with reasonable commuting times to urban centers is to improve the commuting to urban centers.
Surgical management of children with intractable functional constipation; experience of a single tertiary children's hospital
Authors: Kuizenga‐Wessel S. , Koppen I. J. N. , Zwager L. W. , Di Lorenzo C. , de Jong J. R. , Benninga M. A. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundChildren with intractable functional constipation (FC) may eventually require surgery. However, guidelines regarding the surgical management of children with intractable FC are lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the surgical management of FC in children.MethodsA retrospective chart review was performed of children with FC (according to the Rome III criteria) who underwent ileostomy, colostomy or (sub)total colectomy at a tertiary hospital. Treatment success was defined as no longer fulfilling the Rome III‐FC‐criteria or having a functional ostomy. In addition, a self‐developed questionnaire was administered to parents by telephone to assess postsurgical satisfaction (yes‐no question and rated on a scale of 1–10).Key ResultsThirty‐seven patients (68% female) were included; median age at first surgery was 12 years (range 1.6–17.6). The initial surgical procedure consisted of ileostomy (n=21), colostomy (n=10), sigmoid resection (n=5) and subtotal colectomy (n=1). Success criteria were fulfilled by 85% of the patients. Postsurgical satisfaction of parents was 91% with a median postoperative satisfaction score of 8 (range 2‐10), and 97% would opt for the same procedure(s) if necessary. Thirty patients (81%) experienced stoma problems, with 12 patients (32%) requiring stoma‐revisions. Other complications occurred in 16 patients (43%).Conclusions & InferencesSurgery can improve symptoms in children with intractable FC. Despite morbidity and complications, parental satisfaction is high. Prospective, high‐quality research is necessary to develop guidelines for the diagnostic work‐up and surgical management in children with intractable FC.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Chirally Defined Side Chain Variants of 7-Chloro-4-Aminoquinoline To Overcome Drug Resistance in Malaria Chemotherapy
Authors: Dola Vasantha Rao , Soni Awakash , Agarwal Pooja , Ahmad Hafsa , Raju Kanumuri Siva Rama , Rashid Mamunur , Wahajuddin Muhammad , Srivastava Kumkum , Haq W. , Dwivedi A. K. , Puri S. K. , Katti S. B. 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

A novel 4-aminoquinoline derivative [(
S
)-7-chloro-
N
-(4-methyl-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pentan-2-yl)-quinolin-4-amine triphosphate] exhibiting curative activity against chloroquine-resistant malaria parasites has been identified for preclinical development as a blood schizonticidal agent. The lead molecule selected after detailed structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies has good solid-state properties and promising activity against
in vitro
and
in vivo
experimental malaria models. The
in vitro
absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters indicate a favorable drug-like profile.
Impact of Vancomycin MIC on Treatment Outcomes in Invasive Staphylococcus aureus Infections
Authors: Song Kyoung-Ho , Kim Moonsuk , Kim Chung Jong , Cho Jeong Eun , Choi Yun Jung , Park Jeong Su , Ahn Soyeon , Jang Hee-Chang , Park Kyung-Hwa , Jung Sook-In , Yoon Nara , Kim Dong-Min , Hwang Jeong-Hwan , Lee Chang Seop , Lee Jae Hoon , Kwak Yee Gyung , Kim Eu Suk , Park Seong Yeon , Park Yoonseon , Lee Kkot Sil , Lee Yeong-Seon , Kim Hong Bin 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

There are conflicting data on the association of vancomycin MIC (VAN-MIC) with treatment outcomes in
Staphylococcus aureus
infections. We investigated the relationship between high VAN-MIC and 30-day mortality and identified the risk factors for mortality in a large cohort of patients with invasive
S. aureus
(ISA) infections, defined as the isolation of
S. aureus
from a normally sterile site. Over a 2-year period, 1,027 adult patients with ISA infections were enrolled in 10 hospitals, including 673 (66%) patients with methicillin-resistant
S. aureus
(MRSA) infections. There were 200 (19.5%) isolates with high VAN-MIC (≥1.5 mg/liter) by Etest and 87 (8.5%) by broth microdilution (BMD). The all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 27.4%. High VAN-MIC by either method was not associated with all-cause 30-day mortality, and this finding was consistent across MIC methodologies and methicillin susceptibilities. We conclude that high VAN-MIC is not associated with increased risk of all-cause 30-day mortality in ISA infections. Our data support the view that VAN-MIC alone is not sufficient evidence to change current clinical practice.
Protracted Regional Dissemination of GIM-1-Producing Serratia marcescens in Western Germany
Authors: Wendel Andreas F. , Kaase Martin , Autenrieth Ingo B. , Peter Silke , Oberhettinger Philipp , Rieber Heime , Pfeffer Klaus , MacKenzie Colin R. , Willmann Matthias 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT

The metallo-beta-lactamase GIM-1 has been found in various bacterial host species nearly exclusively in western Germany. However, not much is known about the epidemiology of GIM-1-positive
Serratia marcescens
. Here we report on a surprisingly protracted regional dissemination. In-hospital transmission was investigated by using conventional epidemiological tools to identify spatiotemporal links. Strain typing was performed using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Bayesian phylogeny was used to infer the time axis of the observed occurrence. Thirteen
S. marcescens
strains from 10 patients from 6 different German hospitals were investigated. Suspected in-hospital transmissions were confirmed by molecular typing at a higher resolution by WGS than by PFGE. A detailed sequence analysis demonstrated the spread of one predominant strain variant but also provided evidence for transfer of the
bla
GIM-1
gene cassette between different strains. A Bayesian phylogenetic analysis showed that the most recent common ancestor of the identified clonal cluster could be dated back to April 1993 (95% highest posterior density interval, January 1973 to March 2003) and that this strain might have already harbored the
bla
GIM-1
at that time and, therewith, years before the first detection of this resistance gene in clinical specimens. This study shows a long-standing clonal and plasmid-mediated expansion of GIM-1-producing
S. marcescens
that might have gone unnoticed in the absence of a standardized and effective molecular screening for carbapenemases. The systematic and early detection of resistance is thus highly advisable, especially for the prevention of potentially long-term dissemination that may progress beyond control.