bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimizing the Transumbilical Breast Augmentation: The 8-Year Experience of a Single Surgeon and 150 Patients
Authors: Scarlett William L. , Borsand Marvin A. 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Since Johnson and Christ first formally described the transumbilical approach to breast augmentation in 1993, the procedure has been constantly evolving. Some surgeons have embraced this new technique and incorporated it into their daily practice, whereas others have remained skeptical of their ability to create lasting and reproducible results with this technique. This article is not meant to defend the use of transumbilical augmentation or to describe the stepwise approach to conducting the surgery. Instead, to help further optimize this procedure for both the patient and the surgeon, we address surgeons who are currently performing the procedure and review the subtleties that a single surgeon has developed over the past 8 years. Materials and Methods: We discuss relative indications and contraindications to performing this surgery on particular individuals and body types and review the alterations that a particular surgeon has incorporated into his practice of transumbilical augmentation, including the use of tumescent fluid for dissection of the abdominal tunnels and the implant pocket, as well as elimination of the endoscope and tissue expanders from his standard practice. We describe his use of muscle relaxants, nitroglycerin, and zafirlukast in his patients' postoperative care. Results: Over the course of the past 8 years, this senior surgeon has performed more than 150 transumbilical breast augmentations. The results of these surgeries have been consistent satisfaction for the patients and the physician. The surgeon has not observed an increased incidence of complications with this procedure as compared with his other approaches. Discussion: It is our contention that the transumbilical breast augmentation is a viable alternative approach and continues to evolve in its technique. As individual surgeons review their experiences and discuss their refinements, this procedure will continue to become more accepted by surgeons and patients alike.
Effects of Low-Level Laser-Assisted Liposuction on Plasma Triglycerides in Humans
Authors: Neira Rodrigo , Jackson Robert , Ortiz-Neira Clara , Gutiérrez Maria I. , Gutiérrez Oscar , Mestre Rafael 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: The low-level laser-assisted liposuction technique, also known as the Neira 4L technique, has been described as an adjuvant technique of liposculpture that involves the external application of an electric diode laser (635-nm wavelength at 10 Mw) for 6 minutes per area, allowing the passing of fat from the intracellular space (adipocyte) into the extracellular space (interstitial tissue). Therefore, it is possible that these fatty acids that are free in the extracellular space could pass into the bloodstream and increase plasma triglycerides. Methods: Blood triglyceride levels were accordingly determined in 12 healthy patients before irradiation with the Neira 4L technique, 1 hour after irradiation with the Neira 4L technique, and 30 days after surgery. Results: Study results indicated no significant increases in plasma triglycerides at any time when measurements were made. Discussion: Monitoring indicated that the Neira 4L technique does not increase blood triglycerides above normal values at 1 hour after irradiation or at 30 days after surgery.
Endoscopic CO2 Laser-Assisted Capsulotomy—A New Therapeutic Method for Correcting Capsular Contracture
Authors: Perenack Jon D. , Tobin Howard 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Capsular contracture presents as a common and frustrating complication of breast augmentation surgery. Various strategies have been recommended for resolving this problem, including both closed and open techniques. However, morbidity associated with previously described procedures has left the clinician without a fully satisfactory solution. In this retrospective study, we report our experience with the endoscopic laser-assisted capsulotomy and suggest that it provides a safe, effective method of treating capsular contracture while minimizing morbidity. Materials and Methods: The endoscopic, laser-assisted capsulotomy is a technique that has been utilized for 10 years by the senior author and is presented here with our experience in 28 consecutive affected breasts treated over a 5- year period. The operation consists of a small periareolar access incision into the capsule space, followed by capsular release utilizing a CO2 Ultrapulse laser visualized with a 4-mm endoscope and specialized sleeve developed by the senior author. In this retrospective study, each patient was assessed by the senior author both pre- and postoperatively. Capsular contracture was graded according to Baker's classification method. Postoperative complications and their respective frequencies were also noted. Results: Of the 11 patients that initially presented with a Baker score of IV, 9 patients (82%) achieved an acceptable result after laser-assisted endoscopic capsulotomy. One patient (9%) had a final Baker score of III, but was pleased with the result and did not seek further treatment. One patient saw no change in Baker score and underwent a second endoscopic capsulotomy. A final Baker score of I was then achieved. Of the 16 patients that began with a Baker score of III, 15 (94%) achieved an acceptable result. One patient (6%) saw no change in Baker score but elected to forego further treatment. One patient that presented with an objectionable Baker grade II contracture achieved a Baker score of I following treatment. Complications noted included: intraoperative bleeding requiring drain placement in 3 patients, scar hypopigmentation in 1 patient, superficial skin infection in 1 patient that responded to oral antibiotics, and asymmetry between the operated and unoperated breast in 2 patients that did not require correction. Late-term complications included: 4 patients presented with recurrent capsule formation. All underwent a second capsulotomy procedure with acceptable results. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first report of use of the CO2 Ultrapulse laser for this purpose. The capsuloscope sleeve used was developed by the senior author. The technique was effective in correcting capsular contracture, while minimizing complications, scarring, and patient morbidity.
Extremists and Fundamentalism: The Return to Paradise
Authors: Kelly Robert J. , Cook William J. 
Published: July 2017

Two types of religious orientations, Islamic and Christian Fundamentalism, are examined in relation to whether or not, and to what degree, their ideas and doctrines promote terrorism. It is argued that totalitarianism forms the taproot of political violence. “We dream much of Paradise, or rather of a number of successive Paradises, but each of them is, long before we die, a Paradise Lost, in which we should feel ourselves lost also.” M. Proust Cities of the Plain (1927).
Press and Communications: An Annotated Bibliography of Journalism Subjects in American Magazines
Authors: Merwin F. E. , Baskette F. K. 
Published: July 2017

The press and radio received their most difficult assignment of World War II when American, British, and Canadian troops landed on the beaches of Normandy on June 6. A large number of articles listed in this bibliography described how the twin problems of censorship and news coverage were overcome. Results of readership surveys conducted by newspapers and radio chains provoked interest and also argument. Increasing interest was noted in the position of the newspaper both at home and abroad in the building of the civilization to follow the war. F. E. M.
Masters’ Theses in the Field of Journalism, 1946–49
Authors: Weigle Clifford F. 
Published: July 2017

This list brings up to date the compilations made for the Quarterly in 1936 by Frank Luther Mott and in 1945 by William F. Swindler. All theses are by students in schools and departments of journalism unless otherwise noted. Included are a few completed prior to 1946, but not previously listed. * * See also the list of “Unpublished Theses on Journalism at Columbia University,” compiled by Stanley K. Bigman, in the Winter 1950 issue of the Quarterly.
An Annotated Bibliography of Journalism Subjects in American Magazines
Authors: Swindler William F. , Price Granville , Pride Armistead S. , Mosse Baskette 
Published: July 2017

The formation of a special newspaper exchange for news on crime, particularly gambling, as a means of coping with a story which had long since outgrown local coverage facilities, was the most significant development of recent months. Many observers were urging newspapers to consider extending the exchange idea to handle other types of news, as a means of supplementing the wire services and syndicates. In the field of press law, the historic anti-trust suit against an Ohio newspaper on charges of conspiring to effect an advertising monopoly was turned over to the court, after testimony and arguments on both sides, with a decision expected sometime within the year. In radio, the future of television, especially color TV, continued to be the chief topic of speculation and debate. —W. F. S.
Articles on Mass Communications in American Magazines
Authors: Higbie Charles E. ,   Assisted, Price Granville , Pride Armistead S. , Brown Donald E. 
Published: July 2017

The literature concerned with communications in American magazines during the last quarter of 1952 was overwhelmingly dominated by the subject of the relationship of radio and the press to the presidential campaign. While the election itself was resolved definitely in favor of Eisenhower, it became more and more evident that press institutions themselves in the United States may soon face a virtual decision at the bar of public opinion in regard to their ideal role in national life. Marking the main skirmish line for the three months in question was the phrase “one-party press” which bounded from a political speech by defeated-candidate Stevenson in early September into almost every written or spoken discussion of the press since that time. Means of disproving or proving this characterization of U. S. newspapers has been the main topic of discussion at many conventions and conferences of such diversified groups as publishers, editors, union leaders, educators, congressmen, women's clubs and politicians as evidenced by following bibliography entries. Also numerous have been outright attempts at proof and disclaimer by various speakers and writers. Also of note during the quarter were the number of articles by pollsters defining their exact position in regard to pre-election opinion figures. Most managed to be both safe and sorry, since the growing corps of polling critics contributed a great number of articles following the election pointing out ignored evidence on Eisenhower's strength with great statistical accuracy.
Articles on Mass Communications in American Magazines
Authors: Higbie Charles E. ,   Assisted, Baker Dean C. , Brown Donald E. , Duncan Charles T. , Valleau John F. , Lincoln Armistead S. Pride 
Published: July 2017

Ramifications of the impact of Senator Joseph McCarthy on American public life continued to disturb the regular order of things in several areas of mass communications. In the first quarter of 1954 the most incisive effect the senator had was in the area of radio and television where CBS commentator Edward R. Murrow devoted a program to examining and presenting various aspects of the senator's career for the benefit of his considerable network audience. This was followed by numerous comments and debates over whether the “equal time to reply” accorded to McCarthy by Murrow was required or was in the nature of a privilege. The sale of the Washington Times-Herald by the McCormick interests to the rival Washington Post was the newspaper management event of most interest during the first quarter.
When to Operate on Abdominal Gunshot Wounds
Authors: Salim A. , Velmahos G. C. 
Published: July 2017

Historically, penetrating abdominal trauma was managed expectantly until the late 19th century. In World War I, with the high mortality and morbidity associated with penetrating abdominal trauma, operative management replaced expectant management. It was soon realized that not all penetrating abdominal injuries required an operation. Since the 1960's, selective nonoperative management of stab wounds to the anterior abdomen has become the standard of care. However, gunshot wounds to the abdomen are still treated by mandatory exploration based on an allegedly high incidence of ***intraabdominal injuries and low rate of complications, if laparotomy turns out negative. A number of series have recently surfaced, reporting successful outcomes, while decreasing morbidity and hospital length of stay, with selective non-operative management of gunshot wounds to the abdomen. This review will address the current controversies surrounding selective nonoperative management of gunshot wounds to the abdomen and will present our experience and current approaches.
Is Positron Emission Tomography Using 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose and 11C-Acetate Valuable in Diagnosing Indeterminate Pancreatic Masses?
Authors: Rasmussen I. , Sörensen J. , Långström B. , Haglund U. 
Published: July 2017

Background: It can be impossible to differentiate a mass forming chronic pancreatitis from adenocarcinoma of the pancreas using standard anatomical imaging. Positron emission tomography using 2-[18F] fluoro-2deoxy-D-glucose (18FDG-PET) and 1-[11C]-acetate (11C-acetate-PET) are methods taking advantage of the metabolic differences between benign and malignant tissues. Aims: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of 18FDG-PET and 11C-acetate-PET in indeterminate pancreatic masses. Methods: Twenty patients with an indeterminate mass of the head of the pancreas were prospectively studied. All patients underwent 18FDG-PET and eighteen of them 11C-acetate-PET. Scans were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively; the later by using regional standardised uptake value (SUV). Final diagnosis was established using histopathologic evaluation of resected specimen or biopsy. Results: Adenocarcinoma was diagnosed in twelve patients and chronic pancreatitis in eight. Qualitative evaluation of 18FDG-PET imaging revealed three false negative and one false-positive results. The sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 75 %, 88 %, and 80 %, respectively. The cut-off SUV to differentiate malignant from benign disease was 3,5 demonstrating a sensitivity of 91.7 % and a specificity of 75 %. Conclusion: 18FDG-PET imaging could not confirm or exclude malignancy in indeterminate masses of the head of the pancreas with high sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy. 11C-acetate-PET provided no additional diagnostic benefits.
Wrist Motions in Industry: Variance between Jobs and Subjects
Authors: Schoenmarklin Richard W. , Marras William S. 
Published: July 2017

Ergonomists assume that they can design out injurious postures and motions with engineering controls by guiding the worker to use the preferred, less injurious motions. The variance between workers performing tasks in ergonomically-designed jobs is assumed to be dominated by the variance between jobs. However, little research exists that quantified whether this assumption is valid. The present study examined the wrist motions of 40 industrial workers who performed highly repetitive, hand-intensive jobs of low and high risk of cumulative trauma disorders (CTDs). The position and angular velocity and acceleration of these workers' wrists were measured in all three planes (radial/ulnar, flexion/extension, pronation/supination) with goniometry. The results of this study show that for all the kinematic variables, the variance between subjects within jobs accounted for a substantial, and often majority, amount of variance. The results of this study demonstrate that ergonomists should consider the variability in motion patterns between workers when designing existing or new jobs and also should monitor at least two subjects per job in quantitative surveillance studies of wrist motion.
Perceived Fairness of Drug Screening and Performance Testing as Methods for Detecting Performance Impairment
Authors: Racicot Bernadette M. , Cash Michele , Kalsher Michael J. 
Published: July 2017

Drug abuse is prevalent and impacts all aspects of society, including the workplace. Testing for impairment due to alcohol or other drug use has become commonplace in organizational settings. Despite potential problems with accuracy, the most commonly used method of screening is urinalysis. As drug testing becomes more common, concern over employees' rights to privacy and fairness of drug testing has also increased. Performance testing has been proposed as a solution to the problems associated with urinalysis, for jobs where eye-hand coordination is critical to job performance. Performance testing is based on the compensatory tracking task and involves correcting for the unpredictable movement of a visual stimulus on a computer screen. Although research suggests that urinalysis testing is perceived as fair in some situations (e.g., where need is high such as in safety-sensitive jobs), no research has been conducted which examines the perceived fairness of performance testing. The purpose of the current research was to examine the effects of type of testing (urinalysis versus performance testing) and need for testing (high versus low accident history) on perceived fairness and invasion of privacy. In addition, the effects of fairness and invasiveness on the willingness to apply for a job in the company and acceptance of the screening policy was examined. One-hundred adults participated in the study. Results indicated that urinalysis screening was perceived as more fair than performance testing. No effects of need (accident rate) were obtained for either fairness or invasion of privacy. Multiple regression analysis indicated that both fairness perceptions and invasion of privacy predicted willingness to apply for a job and acceptance of the policy. Implications of the results and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Gene therapy for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome in a severely affected adult
Authors: Morris Emma C. , Fox Thomas , Chakraverty Ronjon , Tendeiro Rita , Snell Katie , Rivat Christine , Grace Sarah , Gilmour Kimberly , Workman Sarita , Buckland Karen , Butler Katie , Chee Ronnie , Salama Alan D. , Ibrahim Hazem , Hara Havinder , Duret Cecile , Mavilio Fulvio , Male Frances , Bushman Frederick D. , Galy Anne , Burns Siobhan O. , Gaspar H. Bobby , Thrasher Adrian J. 
Published: July 2017

Key Points
We describe the first successful use of gene therapy in a severely affected adult with WAS. Gene therapy is a viable strategy for adult WAS patients with severe chronic disease complications where allogeneic transplantation presents.
Beyond Islamic versus Secular Framing
Authors: Frank Ana , Çelik Ayşe Betül 
Published: July 2017

AbstractReproductive rights are shaped by different political ideologies and remain a hotly contested policy issue in most parts of the world. In Turkey the disputes concerning these rights have grown since 2002, when a conservative government assumed power. Analyzing how both governmental and civil society actors have discussed and framed reproductive policies primarily in reference to religion since the ascension of the Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi (Justice and Development Party; AKP), this article focuses on debates that took place in 2012 about abortion and caesarean birth. The critical discourse and frame analysis, based on online speeches and media articles of these actors from November 2002 through 2014, reveal a remarkable diversity both in the interpretation of Islamic teachings and in a group of actors with similar ideological orientation. The article concludes by arguing for the need to move beyond the Islamic versus secular divide and to denaturalize and dehomogenize the role of religion in the public sphere.
Project of V.N. Muravyev: Eutopia or Solvable Problem
Authors: Малова  , Malova Olga 
Published: July 2017

The article considers a project of V.N.Muravyev: his representation of ideal future and ways of achievement of this ideal.
The analysis of projectivism as an aspect of Russian philosophy is provided; the existence of “project philosophy” is problematized.
The aim of the article is the analysis of V. Muravyev project, the research into the possibility of its realization using given methods.
The primary question raised in this article is whether it is possible to resuscitate the past, prolong it into the future, carrying to it the most valuable things that have been at the humanity’s disposal?
Author states a close link with a project of N.F. Fedorov, Muravyev’s predecessor.
In his works, the main ideas of the philosophy of «Common Cause» are transformed and supplemented with the idea of «conquest of time».
Muravyev’s project represents an ideal of the future which he develops using his own methodology of application of values of cosmism (and projectivism) based on the latter of Fedorov.
Potential for Monitoring Gut Microbiota for Diagnosing Infections and Graft-versus-Host Disease in Cancer and Stem Cell Transplant Patients
Authors: Koh Andrew Y 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Gut microbiota, the collective community of microorganisms inhabiting the intestine, have been shown to provide many beneficial functions for the host. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing and advanced molecular biology approaches have allowed researchers to identify gut microbiota signatures associated with disease processes and, in some cases, establish causality and elucidate underlying mechanisms.

CONTENT
This report reviews 3 commonly used methods for studying the gut microbiota and microbiome (the collective genomes of the gut microorganisms): 16S rRNA gene sequencing, bacterial group or species-specific quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and metagenomic shotgun sequencing (MSS). The technical approaches and resources needed for each approach are outlined, and advantages and disadvantages for each approach are summarized. The findings regarding the role of the gut microbiota in the health of patients with cancer and stem cell transplant (SCT) patients (specifically in modulating the development of gut-derived bacterial infections and a posttransplant immune-mediated complication known as graft-vs-host-disease) are reviewed. Finally, there is discussion of the potential viability of these approaches in the actual clinical treatment of cancer and SCT patients.

SUMMARY
Advances in next-generation sequencing have revolutionized our understanding of the importance of the gut microbiome to human health. Both 16S rRNA gene sequencing and MSS are currently too labor-intensive or computationally burdensome to incorporate into real-time clinical monitoring of gut microbiomes. Yet, the lessons learned from these technologies could be adapted to currently used methods (e.g., qPCR) that could then be rigorously tested in the clinical care of these patients.