bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Inappropriate Image Duplication in Biomedical Research Publications
Authors: Bik Elisabeth M. , Casadevall Arturo , Fang Ferric C. 
Published: April 2016

ABSTRACTInaccurate data in scientific papers can result from honest error or intentional falsification. This study attempted to determine the percentage of published papers containing inappropriate image duplication, a specific type of inaccurate data. The images from a total of 20,621 papers in 40 scientific journals from 1995-2014 were visually screened. Overall, 3.8% of published papers contained problematic figures, with at least half exhibiting features suggestive of deliberate manipulation. The prevalence of papers with problematic images rose markedly during the past decade. Additional papers written by authors of papers with problematic images had an increased likelihood of containing problematic images as well. As this analysis focused only on one type of data, it is likely that the actual prevalence of inaccurate data in the published literature is higher. The marked variation in the frequency of problematic images among journals suggest that journal practices, such as pre-publication image screening, influence the quality of the scientific literature.
Relational capital, strategic alliances and learning
Authors: Lo Fang-Yi , Stepicheva Anastasia , Peng Tzu-Ju Ann 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to portray and analyze the importance of learning and knowledge transfer in strategic alliances created in the context of emerging markets, Russia and Taiwan in particular, and to identify the influence of relational capital factors on the effectives of learning in strategic alliances. Strategic alliances are one of the main tools companies resort to learn, acquire and develop new knowledge and skills.Design/methodology/approachThis research is conducted by case study with four international strategic alliances between Taiwanese and Russian companies.FindingsThe results showed that the main driver determining the propensity of the companies located in the emerging markets to establish strategic alliances is learning intent. More specifically, the companies are willing to acquire partner’s managerial, marketing and production knowledge and skills. Relational capital created between partners, and presented through the existence of trust, communication and openness proved to have a determinant influence on the effectiveness and quality of learning process in the strategic alliances, especially in the context of the emerging markets. However, there is an inverted-U relationship between the learning potential of an alliance and the strength of relational involvement of the alliance partners, who utilize the certain means to prevent the negative effects of over-embeddedness.Originality/valueThe major contributions that were made by the study are the following: the authors made an attempt to synthesize different approaches and investigate what are the primary factors affecting strategic alliances formation and operation in the emerging markets context. The authors extended the previous research by reviewing, not only the impact of the relational capital on the process of learning among the partners in the strategic alliances but also by analyzing the forces influencing the strength of these ties. The authors further investigated whether the continuous strengthening of the relational ties is necessary and always beneficial for the companies.
The meaningfulness of managerial work: case of Taiwanese employees
Authors: Chen Hsien-Chun , Lee Amber Yun-Ping , Chen I-Heng , Wu Hsin-Li 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe importance and benefit of work meaningfulness has been recognized from many previous studies. The purpose of this study aimed at how employees in Taiwan sense their work as meaningful by introducing prosocial motivation along with two organizational-related factors – task significance and external prestige.Design/methodology/approachIn total, 451 questionnaires were used to analyze the relationships among task significance, external prestige, prosocial motivation and work meaningfulness.FindingsThe results confirm the research hypotheses. This study advanced our understanding of how work meaningfulness arises through an integration of an individual’s psychological state with work contexts. The implications for managerial practices and future research are discussed.Originality/valueThis research represented an initial empirical test for measuring these constructs in Taiwanese society. While all the measurements have good reliabilities, it is only a good start. The examination of these constructs using these measurements needs additional research, preferably, in different cultural and industrial contexts.
New organisations and new workplaces
Authors: Harris Rob 
Published: April 2016

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to outline key changes occurring within office occupier businesses that will have a medium- to long-term impact upon the nature and design of the office workplace, and the implications for the corporate real estate manager.

Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based upon research involving detailed consultations with corporate occupiers in the City of London, as well as representatives of the property supply chain. This has been developed here to include practical experience and to relate the lessons of the work directly to corporate real estate management.

Findings
The findings suggest major changes are taking place in the demand profile of office occupiers, in terms of both quantitative and qualitative demand for space. There are a number of practical implications arising from the findings, not least the need for investors to consider the appropriateness of current standards for base building design and fit-out in contemporary offices, and the need for corporate real estate management to adapt.

Practical implications
The paper contains a number of implications arising from the changing workplace for the corporate real estate management profession.

Originality/value
The paper reflects direct practical experience and the output of primary research and consulting. It is also highly relevant: while much has been written about agile working, much less has covered the practical implications for building design and corporate real estate management.
Make it work! Creating an integrated workplace concept
Authors: Ekstrand Mari , Karsten Hansen Geir 
Published: April 2016

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between organisational flexibility and individual adaptation in the implementation of integrated workplace concepts. The focus is on the interconnectedness between different concepts and organisational aspects, as well as on overcoming challenges to fully achieve the intended ends.Design/methodology/approachThe discussion builds on a triangulated research design including: semi-structured interviews, observation studies and analysis of secondary material in the form of internal evaluation reports and quantitative questionnaire data.FindingsTo fully achieve the intended ends, organisational, cultural and managerial aspects need to be aligned with the interconnected workplace concept. To create alignment, the concept also needs to be supported by a process of continual improvement and organisational learning.Research limitations/implicationsThe case study was conducted in one organisation. Additional empirical research is needed to provide more definite conclusions, guidelines and theories.Practical implicationsThe findings highlight the importance of applying a socio-material perspective towards implementation and development of integrated workplace concepts. Emphasising change, learning and development rather than standardisation and equality, may, in the end, allow for better concept interconnectedness.Originality/valueThe originality of this study lies in the perspective of studying the implementation of integrated workplace concepts from a socio-material perspective, shedding light on employee and managerial adaptation to different interrelated aspects and measures.
Isolation of Endotoxin Eliminating Lactic Acid Bacteria and a Property of Endotoxin Eliminating Protein
Authors: Kondo Ayaka , Asami Kyoko , Suda Yoshihito , Shimoyamada Makoto , Kanauchi Makoto 
Published: April 2016

AbstractRecently, many scholars have reported lactic acid bacteria (LAB) functions, such as anticancer activity and anti‐inflammatory activity for intestines. To decrease inflammatory substances such as endotoxins, LAB consumed safely with meals were isolated from food and food ingredients. First, LAB were isolated as 168 strains of bacillus LAB (49 strain) and coccus LAB (119 strains) from food ingredients and fermented foods such as rice, rice bran, malt, grains, miso soy paste, and some pickles. Their LAB (168 strains) were cultivated in medium containing endotoxin from Escherichia coli O18 LPS at 15 and 30 °C for 64 h to identify endotoxin‐eliminating LAB. Consequently, the AK‐23 strain was screened as an endotoxin‐eliminating LAB strain. The strain decreased endotoxin in YP medium without sugar at 30 °C for 64 h until 9% of endotoxin. The strain was identified as Pediococcus pentosaceus according to morphological characteristics such as its cell shape, physiological characteristics related to its fermentation type, assimilation of sugars, pH tolerance, optimum growth temperature, and molecular biological characteristics as its homology to 16S rRNA. To investigate the location of the endotoxin‐eliminating substance, 4 fractions were separated from AK‐23 cells as extracellular, cell wall digestion, cytoplasm, and cell membrane fractions. The endotoxin‐decreasing substance, located on a cell wall, was identified as a 217 kDa protein.
MiR‐23a Regulates the Vasculogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease by Targeting Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor
Authors: Wang Shixi , He Weidong , Wang Caijin 
Published: April 2016

SummaryObjectiveCirculating microRNAs (miRNAs) in patient body fluids have recently been considered to hold the potential of being novel disease biomarkers and drug targets. We aimed to investigate the correlation between the levels of circulating miR‐23a and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in the pathogenesis of patients with coronary heart disease to further explore the mechanism involved in its vasculogenesis.MethodThree different cohorts, including 13 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients, 176 angina pectoris patients, and 127 control subjects, were enrolled to investigate the expression levels of circulating miR‐23a in patients with myocardial ischemia and also the relationship between plasma miR‐23a and severity of coronary stenosis. Plasma miR‐23a levels of participants were examined by real‐time quantitative PCR. Simultaneously, plasma cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations were measured by ELISAs. We further detected the correlation of miR‐23a and EGFR by molecular and animal assays.ResultMiR‐23a was enriched in not only diseased endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) but also in the plasma of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Besides, we found out miR‐23a was able to suppress EGFR expression and EPC activities. Reporter assays confirmed the direct binding and repression of miR‐23a to the 3′‐UTR of EGFR mRNA. Knockdown of miR‐23a not only restored EGFR levels and angiogenic activities of diseased EPCs in vitro, but further promoted blood flow recovery in ischemic limbs of mice.ConclusionCirculating miR‐23a may be a new biomarker for CAD and as a potential diagnostic tool. And increased miR‐23a level may be used to predict the presence and severity of coronary lesions in patients with CAD.
Parathyroid Hormone Levels and High‐Residual Platelet Reactivity in Patients Receiving Dual Antiplatelet Therapy With Acetylsalicylic Acid and Clopidogrel or Ticagrelor
Authors: Verdoia Monica , Pergolini Patrizia , Rolla Roberta , Nardin Matteo , Barbieri Lucia , Schaffer Alon , Bellomo Giorgio , Marino Paolo , Suryapranata Harry , De Luca Giuseppe ,   the Novara Atherosclerosis Study Group (NAS)
Published: April 2016

SummaryBackgroundHigh‐residual‐on‐treatment platelet reactivity still represents a challenging issue, potentially vanishing the benefits of dual antiplatelet treatment in patients with coronary artery disease. However, very few is known on the determinants of suboptimal response to antiplatelet agents. Recent interests have emerged on the potential prothrombotic effect of parathyroid hormone (PTH). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of parathyroid hormone (PTH) on platelet reactivity in patients receiving DAPT after an acute coronary syndrome or PCI.MethodsPatients treated with DAPT (ASA and clopidogrel or ticagrelor) were scheduled for platelet function assessment at 30‐ to 90‐days postdischarge. By whole blood impedance aggregometry, HRPR was considered for ASPI test >862 AU*min (for ASA) and ADP test values ≥417 AU*min (for ADP antagonists).ResultsWe included 362 patients on DAPT, 125 (34.5%) receiving clopidogrel, and 237 (65.5%) on ticagrelor. Patients were divided according to PTH quartiles values (<45.8; 45.8–60.3; 60.4–88; ≥88.1 pg/mL). Higher PTH was associated with older age (P = 0.001); renal failure (P < 0.001), higher HDL cholesterol (P = 0.006) and creatinine (P < 0.001) and lower 25‐OH cholecalciferol (P < 0.001). Suboptimal response to ASA was infrequent (2.8%), and not influenced by the levels of PTH (P = 0.57). ADP‐mediated platelet aggregation was significantly increased in patients with higher PTH (P = 0.03), with an absolute increase in the prevalence of HRPR to ADP antagonists for higher PTH (24.7% vs. 40%, P = 0.007 for 4th vs. 1–3rd quartiles, adjusted OR[95%CI] = 2.04[1.14–3.64], P = 0.02). By the use of the ROC curve, we identified PTH levels above 96.7 pg/mL as the best predictor of HRPR with ADP antagonists (adjusted OR[95%CI] = 2.52[1.31–4.87], P = 0.006). Higher rate of HRPR was confirmed for PTH >96.7 pg/mL among the subgroup of patients on clopidogrel (51.5 vs. 85.7%, P = 0.001; adjusted OR[95%CI] = 12.5[2.6–60.9], P = 0.002), but not among ticagrelor‐treated patients (11.3 vs. 16.7%, P = 0.31; adjusted OR[95%CI] = 1.55[0.56–4.6], P = 0.42).ConclusionIn patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy for coronary artery disease, higher PTH levels are associated with an increased ADP‐mediated platelet reactivity and suboptimal response to clopidogrel, especially for values above 96.7 pg/mL, while not influencing the effectiveness of ASA and ticagrelor.
Present‐day Block Movement and Fault Activity on the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Wenqing TANG , Yongshuang ZHANG , Qingzhi ZHANG , Hongfu ZHOU , Zhongxi PAN , Jun LI , Cheng YANG 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe geology and tectonics in the eastern margin of Tibetan Plateau are complex. The main tectonic framework is composed of blocks and faults. Using discontinuous global positioning system survey data for 2008–2014, the velocity field for the Eurasia reference framework was obtained. Based on the velocity field, the present‐day velocities of the blocks and boundary faults were estimated. The results reveal that the movement rates of the Chuan‐Qing, South China, Chuan‐Dian and Indo‐China blocks are (17.02±0.60) mm/a, (8.77±.51) mm/a, (13.85±.31) mm/a and (6.84 ± 0.74) mm/a, respectively, and their movement directions are 99.5°, 120.3°, 142.9° and 153.3°, respectively. All blocks exhibit clockwise rotation. The displacement rates of the Xianshuihe, Longmenshan, Anninghe, Zemuhe, Xiaojiang and Red River faults are (7.30±1.25–8.30±1.26) mm/a, (10.07±0.97–11.79±0.89) mm/a, (0.96±0.74–2.98±1.73) mm/a, (2.03±0.49–3.20±0.73) mm/a, (3.45±0.40–6.02±0.50) mm/a and (6.23±0.56) mm/a, respectively. The Xianshuihe, Anninghe, Zemuhe and Xiaojiang faults show left‐lateral strike‐slip movement, while the Longmenshan and Red River faults show right‐lateral strike‐slip. These characteristics of the blocks and faults are related to the particular tectonic location and dynamic mechanism.
Neotectonics of the Eastern Margin of the Tibetan Plateau: New Geological Evidence for the Change from Early Pleistocene Transpression to Late Pleistocene‐Holocene Strike‐slip Faulting
Authors: Yueqiao ZHANG , Hailong LI , Jian LI 
Published: April 2016

AbstractWe present in this paper some new evidence for the change during the Quaternary in kinematics of faults cutting the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. It shows that significant shortening deformation occurred during the Early Pleistocene, evidenced by eastward thrusting of Mesozoic carbonates on the Pliocene lacustrine deposits along the Minjiang upstream fault zone and by development of the transpressional ridges of basement rocks along the Anninghe river valley. The Middle Pleistocene seems to be a relaxant stage with local development of the intra‐mountain basins particularly prominent along the Minjiang Upstream and along the southern segment of the Anninghe River Valley. This relaxation may have been duo to a local collapse of the thickened crust attained during the late Neogene to early Pleistocene across this marginal zone. Fault kinematics has been changed since the late Pleistocene, and was predominated by reverse sinistral strike‐slip along the Minshan Uplift, reverse dextral strike‐slip on the Longmenshan fault zone and pure sinistral strike‐slip on the Anninghe fault This change in fault kinematics during the Quaternary allows a better understanding of the mechanism by which the marginal ranges of the plateau has been built through episodic activities.
The Seismogenic Structure and Deformation Mechanism of the Lushan (Mw6.6) Earthquake, Sichuan, China
Authors: Rongjun ZHOU , Yong LI , Chongjian SHAO , Jinrong SU , Zhaokun YAN , Liang YAN 
Published: April 2016

AbstractOn April 20th, 2013, an earthquake of magnitudeMw6.6 occurred at Lushan of Sichuan on the southern segment of the Longmenshan fault zone, with no typical coseismic surface rupture. This work plotted an isoseismal map of the earthquake after repositioning over 400 post–earthquake macro‐damage survey points from peak ground acceleration (PGA) data recorded by the Sichuan Digital Strong Earthquake Network. This map indicates that the Lushan earthquake has a damage intensity of IX on the Liedu scale, and that the meizoseismal area displays an oblate ellipsoid shape, with its longitudinal axis in the NE direction. No obvious directivity was detected. Furthermore, the repositioning results of 3323 early aftershocks, seismic reflection profiles and focal mechanism solutions suggests that the major seismogenic structure of the earthquake was the Dayi Fault, which partly defines the eastern Mengshan Mountain. This earthquake resulted from the thrusting of the Dayi Fault, and caused shortening of the southern segment of the Longmenshan in the NW–SE direction. Coseismal rupture was also produced in the deep of the Xinkaidian Fault Based on the above seismogenic model and the presentation of coseismic surface deformation, it is speculated that there is a risk of more major earthquakes occurring in this region.
Reexamining the Seismological Implications of the Present‐day Stress State of the Yingxiu‐Beichuan Fault after the Wenchuan Earthquake
Authors: Xianghui QIN , Qunce CHEN , Chengjun FENG , Jianjun DU , Manlu WU , Wen MENG , Dongsheng SUN 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe present‐day stress state of the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault after the Wenchuan earthquake was re‐estimated using measured in‐situ stress data obtained after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results reveal that the gradient coefficients of principal stresses versus depth decrease from south to north along the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault, revealing that the stress level decreases from south to north. The consistency between the present‐day stress levels and surface ruptures generated during the earthquake indicates that the accumulated tectonic stress beneath the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault before the Wenchuan earthquake was relieved in form of surface ruptures. This resulted in the stress remaining high in the southern section of the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault but relatively low in the northern section. Abnormal high pore pressure conditions and an extremely low frictional coefficient play important role in the interpretation of the stress field adjustment and seismic events observed after the Wenchuan earthquake along this fault, according to the estimation results using the Coulomb frictional‐failure theory incorporating frictional coefficients ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. To accurately estimate the seismological hazard of the Yingxiu‐Beichuan fault by analyzing fault instability using the Coulomb frictional‐failure theory, much attention should be focused on the pore pressure conditions and the evolution state of the frictional coefficient under the present‐day stress state.
Formation Mechanisms and Geomorphic Evolution of the Erlian Mudflow Fans, Eastern Guide Basin of the Upper Reaches of Yellow River
Authors: Wuji ZHAO , Zhiqiang YIN , Qiang XU , Xiaoguang QIN 
Published: April 2016

AbstractSeveral argillaceous platforms lie along the Yellow River (YR) of the eastern Guide Basin, northeastern Tibetan Plateau, and their compositions, formation processes, and geomorphic evolution remain debated. Using field survey data, sample testing, and high‐resolution remote sensing images, the evolution of the Erlian mudflow fans are analyzed. The data show significant differences between fans on either side of the YR. On the right bank, fans are dilute debris flows consisting of sand and gravel. On the left bank, fans are viscosity mudflows consisting of red clay. The composition and formation processes of the left bank platforms indicate a rainfall‐induced pluvial landscape. Fan evolution can be divided into two stages: early‐stage fans pre‐date 16 kaB.P., and formed during the last deglaciation; late‐stage fans post‐date 8 kaB.P. Both stages were induced by climate change. The data indicate that during the Last Glacial Maximum, the northeastern Tibetan Plateau experienced a cold and humid climate characterized by high rainfall. From 16–8 ka, the YR cut through the Erlian early mudflow fan, resulting in extensive erosion. Since 8 ka, the river channel has migrated south by at least 1.25 km, and late stage mudflow fan formation has occurred.
Genesis of the Bangbu Orogenic Gold Deposit, Tibet: Evidence from Fluid Inclusion, Stable Isotopes, and Ar‐Ar Geochronology
Authors: Yingru PEI , Qingzhong SUN , Yuanchuan ZHENG , Zhusen YANG , Wei LI , Kexian HUANG 
Published: April 2016

AbstractThe Bangbu gold deposit is a large orogenic gold deposit in Tibet formed during the Alpine‐Himalayan collision. Ore bodies (auriferous quartz veins) are controlled by the E‐W‐trending Qusong‐Cuogu‐Zhemulang brittle‐ductile shear zone. Quartz veins at the deposit can be divided into three types: pre‐metallogenic hook‐like quartz veins, metallogenic auriferous quartz veins, and post‐metallogenic N‐S quartz veins. Four stages of mineralization in the auriferous quartz veins have been identified: (1) Stage S1 quartz+coarse‐grained sulfides, (2) Stage S2 gold+fine‐grained sulfides, (3) Stage S3 quartz+carbonates, and (4) Stage S4 quartz+ greigite. Fluid inclusions indicate the ore‐forming fluid was CO2‐N2‐CH4 rich with homogenization temperatures of 170–261°C, salinities 4.34–7.45 wt% NaCl equivalent. δ18Ofluid (3.98‰–7.18‰) and low δDV‐SMOV (–90‰ to –44‰) for auriferous quartz veins suggest ore‐forming fluids were mainly metamorphic in origin, with some addition of organic matter. Quartz vein pyrite has δ34SV‐CDT values of 1.2‰–3.6‰ (an average of 2.2‰), whereas pyrite from phyllite has δ34SV‐CDT 5.7‰–9.9‰ (an average of 7.4‰). Quartz vein pyrites yield 206Pb/204Pb ratios of 18.662–18.764, 207Pb/204Pb 15.650–15.683, and 208Pb/204Pb 38.901–39.079. These isotopic data indicate Bangbu ore‐forming materials were probably derived from the Langjiexue accretionary wedge. 40Ar/39Ar ages for sericite from auriferous sulfide‐quartz veins yield a plateau age of 49.52 ± 0.52 Ma, an isochron age of 50.3 ± 0.31 Ma, suggesting that auriferous veins were formed during the main collisional period of the Tibet‐Himalayan orogen (∼65–41 Ma).