bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In-situ high-resolution visualization of laser-induced periodic nanostructures driven by optical feedback
Authors: Aguilar Alberto , Mauclair Cyril , Faure Nicolas , Colombier Jean-Philippe , Stoian Razvan 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOptical feedback is often evoked in laser-induced periodic nanostructures. Visualizing the coupling between surfaces and light requires highly-resolved imaging methods. We propose in-situ structured-illumination-microscopy to observe ultrafast-laser-induced nanostructures during fabrication on metallic glass surfaces. This resolves the pulse-to-pulse development of periodic structures on a single irradiation site and indicates the optical feedback on surface topographies. Firstly, the quasi-constancy of the ripples pattern and the reinforcement of the surface relief with the same spatial positioning indicates a phase-locking mechanism that stabilizes and amplifies the ordered corrugation. Secondly, on sites with uncorrelated initial corrugation, we observe ripple patterns spatially in-phase. These feedback aspects rely on the electromagnetic interplay between the laser pulse and the surface relief, stabilizing the pattern in period and position. They are critically dependent on the space-time coherence of the exciting pulse. This suggests a modulation of energy according to the topography of the surface with a pattern phase imposed by the driving pulse. A scattering and interference model for ripple formation on surfaces supports the experimental observations. This relies on self-phase-stabilized far-field interaction between surface scattered wavelets and the incoming pulse front.
Context-Dependent Effect of Reverberation on Material Perception from Impact Sound
Authors: Koumura Takuya , Furukawa Shigeto 
Published: November 2017

AbstractOur hearing is usually robust against reverberation. This study asked how such robustness to daily sound is realized, and what kinds of acoustic cues contribute to the robustness. We focused on the perception of materials based on impact sounds, which is a common daily experience, and for which the responsible acoustic features have already been identified in the absence of reverberation. In our experiment, we instructed the participants to identify materials from impact sounds with and without reverberation. The imposition of reverberation did not alter the average responses across participants to perceived materials. However, an analysis of each participant revealed the significant effect of reverberation with response patterns varying among participants. The effect depended on the context of the stimulus presentation, namely it was smaller for a constant reverberation than when the reverberation varied presentation by presentation. The context modified the relative contribution of the spectral features of the sounds to material identification, while no consistent change across participants was observed as regards the temporal features. Although the detailed results varied greatly among the participants, these results suggest that a mechanism exists in the auditory system that compensates for reverberation based on adaptation to the spectral features of reverberant sound.
Fabrication-Method-Dependent Excited State Dynamics in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Films
Authors: Kim In-Sik , Jo Cheol , Kang Rira , Kim Dong-Yu , Son Seong-Jin , Hwang In-Wook , Ko Do-Kyeong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractUnderstanding the excited-state dynamics in perovskite photovoltaics is necessary for progress in these materials, but changes in dynamics depending on the fabrication processes used for perovskite photoactive layers remain poorly characterised. Here we report a comparative study on femtosecond transient absorption (TA) in CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite films fabricated by various solution-processing methods. The grain sizes and the number of voids between grains on each film varied according to the film synthesis method. At the low excitation fluence of 0.37 μJ cm−2, fast signal drops in TA dyanmics within 1.5 ps were observed in all perovskite films, but the signal drop magnitudes differed becuase of the variations in charge migration to trap states and band gap renormalisation. For high excitation fluences, the buil-up time of the TA signal was increased by the activated hot-phonon bottleneck, while the signal decay rate was accelerated by fluence-dependent high-order charge recombination. These fluence-dependent dynamics changed for different perovskite fabrication methords, indicating that the dynamics were affected by morphological features such as grain sizes and defects.
ATP1A3 mutations can cause progressive auditory neuropathy: a new gene of auditory synaptopathy
Authors: Han Kyu-Hee , Oh Doo-Yi , Lee Seungmin , Lee Chung , Han Jin Hee , Kim Min Young , Park Hye-Rim , Park Moo Kyun , Kim Nayoung K. D. , Lee Jaekwang , Yi Eunyoung , Kim Jong-Min , Kim Jeong-Whun , Chae Jong-Hee , Oh Seung Ha , Park Woong-Yang , Choi Byung Yoon 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe etiologies and prevalence of sporadic, postlingual-onset, progressive auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) have rarely been documented. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the prevalence and molecular etiologies of these cases. Three out of 106 sporadic progressive hearing losses turned out to manifest ANSD. Through whole exome sequencing and subsequent bioinformatics analysis, two out of the three were found to share a de novo variant, p.E818K of ATP1A3, which had been reported to cause exclusively CAPOS (cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss) syndrome. However, hearing loss induced by CAPOS has never been characterized to date. Interestingly, the first proband did not manifest any features of CAPOS, except subclinical areflexia; however, the phenotypes of second proband was compatible with that of CAPOS, making this the first reported CAPOS allele in Koreans. This ANSD phenotype was compatible with known expression of ATP1A3 mainly in the synapse between afferent nerve and inner hair cells. Based on this, cochlear implantation (CI) was performed in the first proband, leading to remarkable benefits. Collectively, the de novo ATP1A3 variant can cause postlingual-onset auditory synaptopathy, making this gene a significant contributor to sporadic progressive ANSD and a biomarker ensuring favorable short-term CI outcomes.
Estimating the incubation period of hand, foot and mouth disease for children in different age groups
Authors: Yang Zhongzhou , Zhang Qiqi , Cowling Benjamin J. , Lau Eric H. Y. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractHand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a childhood disease causing large outbreaks frequently in Asia and occasionally in Europe and the US. The incubation period of HFMD was typically described as about 3–7 days but empirical evidence is lacking. In this study, we estimated the incubation period of HFMD from school outbreaks in Hong Kong, utilizing information on symptom onset and sick absence dates of students diagnosed with HFMD. A total of 99 HFMD cases from 12 schools were selected for analysis. We fitted parametric models accounting for interval censoring. Based on the best-fitted distributions, the estimated median incubation periods were 4.4 (95% CI 3.8–5.1) days, 4.7 (95% CI 4.5–5.1) days and 5.7 (95% CI 4.6–7.0) days for children in kindergartens, primary schools and secondary schools respectively. From the fitted distribution, the estimated incubation periods can be longer than 10 days for 8.8% and 23.2% of the HFMD cases in kindergarten and secondary schools respectively. Our results show that the incubation period of HFMD for secondary schools students can be longer than the ranges commonly described. An extended period of enhanced personal hygiene practice and disinfection of the environment may be needed to control outbreaks.
Pressure driven spin transition in siderite and magnesiosiderite single crystals
Authors: Weis Christopher , Sternemann Christian , Cerantola Valerio , Sahle Christoph J. , Spiekermann Georg , Harder Manuel , Forov Yury , Kononov Alexander , Sakrowski Robin , Yavaş Hasan , Tolan Metin , Wilke Max 
Published: November 2017

AbstractIron-bearing carbonates are candidate phases for carbon storage in the deep Earth and may play an important role for the Earth’s carbon cycle. To elucidate the properties of carbonates at conditions of the deep Earth, we investigated the pressure driven magnetic high spin to low spin transition of synthetic siderite FeCO3and magnesiosiderite (Mg0.74Fe0.26)CO3single crystals for pressures up to 57 GPa using diamond anvil cells and x-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy to directly probe the iron 3d electron configuration. An extremely sharp transition for siderite single crystal occurs at a notably low pressure of 40.4 ± 0.1 GPa with a transition width of 0.7 GPa when using the very soft pressure medium helium. In contrast, we observe a broadening of the transition width to 4.4 GPa for siderite with a surprising additional shift of the transition pressure to 44.3 ± 0.4 GPa when argon is used as pressure medium. The difference is assigned to larger pressure gradients in case of argon. For magnesiosiderite loaded with argon, the transition occurs at 44.8 ± 0.8 GPa showing similar width as siderite. Hence, no compositional effect on the spin transition pressure is observed. The spectra measured within the spin crossover regime indicate coexistence of regions of pure high- and low-spin configuration within the single crystal.
Dynamic domain arrangement of CheA-CheY complex regulates bacterial thermotaxis, as revealed by NMR
Authors: Minato Yuichi , Ueda Takumi , Machiyama Asako , Iwaï Hideo , Shimada Ichio 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBacteria utilize thermotaxis signal transduction proteins, including CheA, and CheY, to switch the direction of the cell movement. However, the thermally responsive machinery enabling warm-seeking behavior has not been identified. Here we examined the effects of temperature on the structure and dynamics of the full-length CheA and CheY complex, by NMR. Our studies revealed that the CheA-CheY complex exists in equilibrium between multiple states, including one state that is preferable for the autophosphorylation of CheA, and another state that is preferable for the phosphotransfer from CheA to CheY. With increasing temperature, the equilibrium shifts toward the latter state. The temperature-dependent population shift of the dynamic domain arrangement of the CheA-CheY complex induced changes in the concentrations of phosphorylated CheY that are comparable to those induced by chemical attractants or repellents. Therefore, the dynamic domain arrangement of the CheA-CheY complex functions as the primary thermally responsive machinery in warm-seeking behavior.
Deficiency of a brain-specific chemokine-like molecule, SAM3, induces cardinal phenotypes of autism spectrum disorders in mice
Authors: Kim Sujin , Lee Boyoung , Choi Jung-Hwa , Kim Jong-Hyun , Kim Cheol-Hee , Shin Hee-Sup 
Published: November 2017

AbstractChemokines are small secreted signaling proteins produced by a broad range of cells, including immune cells. Several studies have recently suggested potential roles of chemokines and their receptors in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). SAM3 is a novel brain-specific chemokine-like molecule with an unknown physiological function. We explored the relevance of chemokines in the development of ASD in mice, with a focus on SAM3. We generated Sam3 gene knockout (KO) mice and characterized their behavioral phenotypes, with a focus on those relevant to ASD. Sam3-deficient mice displayed all three core phenotypes of ASD: impaired responses to social novelty, defects in social communication, and increased repetitive behavior. In addition, they showed increased anxiety. Interestingly, gender differences were identified for several behaviors: only male Sam3 KO mice exhibited increased anxiety and increased repetitive behaviors. Sam3 KO mice did not exhibit changes in other behaviors, including locomotor activities, fear learning and memory, and object recognition memory. These findings indicate that a deficiency of SAM3, a novel brain-specific chemokine-like molecule, may lead to the pathogenesis of ASDs and suggest the possibility that SAM3, a soluble factor, could be a novel therapeutic target for ASD treatment.
In-vivo longitudinal imaging of microvascular changes in irradiated oral mucosa of radiotherapy cancer patients using optical coherence tomography
Authors: Maslennikova A. V. , Sirotkina M. A. , Moiseev A. A. , Finagina E. S. , Ksenofontov S. Y. , Gelikonov G. V. , Matveev L. A. , Kiseleva E. B. , Zaitsev V. Y. , Zagaynova E. V. , Feldchtein F. I. , Gladkova N. D. , Vitkin A. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMucositis is the limiting toxicity of radio(chemo)therapy of head and neck cancer. Diagnostics, prophylaxis and correction of this condition demand new accurate and objective approaches. Here we report on anin vivolongitudinal monitoring of the oral mucosa dynamics in 25 patients during the course of radiotherapy of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal cancer using multifunctional optical coherence tomography (OCT). A spectral domain OCT system with a specially-designed oral imaging probe was used. Microvasculature visualization was based on temporal speckle variations of the full complex signal evaluated by high-pass filtering of 3D data along the slow scan axis. Angiographic image quantification demonstrated an increase of the vascular density and total length of capillary-like-vessels before visual signs or clinical symptoms of mucositis occur. Especially significant microvascular changes compared to their initial levels occurred when grade two and three mucositis developed. Further, microvascular reaction was seen to be dose-level dependent. OCT monitoring in radiotherapy offers a non-invasive, convenient, label-free quantifiable structural and functional volumetric imaging method suitable for longitudinal human patient studies, furnishing fundamental radiobiological insights and potentially providing useful feedback data to enable adaptive radiotherapy (ART).
Graphene oxide enhances the specificity of the polymerase chain reaction by modifying primer-template matching
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Wang Fengbang , Wang Hailin , Song Maoyong 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAiming at improved specificity, nanoparticle assisted polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has been widely studied and shown to improve PCR. However, the reliability and mechanism of this method are still controversial. Here, we demonstrated that 1 μg/mL of graphene oxide (GO) effectively enhances the specificity of the error-prone multi-round PCR. Mismatched primers were designed as interference to produce nonspecific products when the same amounts of matched and mismatched primers were added into semi-multiplex PCR. It was found that GO can enhance specificity by suppressing the amplification of mismatched primers. We monitored the primer-template-polymerase-GO interactions involved in the PCR using a capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced fluorescence polarization (CE-LIFP) assay. The results showed that the addition of GO promoted the formation of a matched primer-template complex, but suppressed the formation of a mismatched primer-template complex during PCR, suggesting that interactions between the primers and GO play an essential role. Furthermore, we successfully amplified the FOXL2 gene from PEGFP-N1 vectors using GO to eliminate the nonspecific products in PCR. Taken together, these results suggest that the GO can be used as an efficient additive for improving the conventional PCR system.
New fault detection and localisation technique for double‐circuit three‐terminal transmission line
Authors: Gaur Vishal Kumar , Bhalja Bhavesh 
Published: November 2017

This study proposes a new technique which detects fault on the line, identifies faulty circuit/line‐section and estimates location of fault (fault localisation) on the double‐circuit three‐terminal transmission line. The fault detection and faulty circuit/line‐section identification has been carried out by estimating the superimposed components of current at remote end with reference to all the three terminals. Subsequently, the estimation of fault distance is performed by utilising phase angle of voltage and current at the fault point. The performance of the proposed technique has been evaluated by simulating 400 kV double‐circuit three‐terminal transmission line network using PSCAD/EMTDC software package. The results indicate that the presented technique is able to detect as well as recognise the faulty circuit/line‐section correctly even in case of occurrence of a high resistance ground fault near the tap point. At the same time, it is also capable of estimating the precise value of fault location as the percentage error remains within ±1.3%, even under wide variation in system and fault parameters. The proposed technique is also valid for cross‐country faults and its accuracy remains consistent even with considerable errors in the measurement of current transformers and capacitive voltage transformers.
Method of adapting to grid recovery in extreme weather conditions
Authors: Luo Gang , Xu Wei , Liu Chongru , Qian Feng , Yang Yinguo , Liu Junlei 
Published: November 2017

A reasonable recovery strategy for power system is important for the rapid recovery of the grid after a large‐scale blackout. Based on the idea of timing restoration decision and taking into account the influence of extreme weather, a restoration strategy of power grid is proposed to avoid the affection of extreme weather on selecting transmission paths and generators and minimise the risk of a secondary failure in system recovery. Firstly, the recovery model of power elements in the case of extreme weather is established, and the improved Dijiestra algorithm is used to find the optimal path of the target generator. Secondly, the dynamic ordering of the generators is carried out considering the maximum power generation capacity during the grid recovery time, where the effects of various safety constraints and extreme weather on outputs of generators are taken into account. The validity and practicability of the proposed method are verified by the IEEE30 node system and the actual Guangdong power grid.
Full exploration of the giant planet population around β Pictoris
Authors: Lagrange A.-M. , Keppler M. , Meunier N. , Lannier J. , Beust H. , Milli J. , Bonnavita M. , Bonnefoy M. , Borgniet S. , Chauvin G. , Delorme P. , Galland F. , Iglesias D. , Kiefer F. , Messina S. , Vidal-Madjar A. , Wilson P. A. 
Published: November 2017

Context. The search for extrasolar planets has been limited so far to close orbit (typ. ≤5 au) planets around mature solar-type stars on the one hand, and to planets on wide orbits (≥10 au) around young stars on the other hand. To get a better view of the full giant planet population, we have started a survey to search for giant planets around a sample of carefully selected young stars.
Aims. This paper aims at exploring the giant planet population around one of our targets, β Pictoris, over a wide range of separations. With a disk and a planet already known, the β Pictoris system is indeed a very precious system for studies of planetary formation and evolution, as well as of planet–disk interactions.
Methods. We analyse more than 2000 HARPS high-resolution spectra taken over 13 years as well as NaCo images recorded between 2003 and 2016. We combine these data to compute the detection probabilities of planets throughout the disk, from a fraction of au to a few dozen au.
Results. We exclude the presence of planets more massive than 3 MJup closer than 1 au and further than 10 au, with a 90% probability. 15+ MJup companions are excluded throughout the disk except between 3 and 5 au with a 90% probability. In this region, we exclude companions with masses larger than 18 (resp. 30) MJup with probabilities of 60 (resp. 90) %.
First analysis of solar structures in 1.21 mm full-disc ALMA image of the Sun
Authors: Brajša R. , Sudar D. , Benz A. O. , Skokić I. , Bárta M. , De Pontieu B. , Kim S. , Kobelski A. , Kuhar M. , Shimojo M. , Wedemeyer S. , White S. , Yagoubov P. , Yan Y. 
Published: November 2017

Context.Various solar features can be seen in emission or absorption on maps of the Sun in the millimetre and submillimetre wavelength range. The recently installed Atacama Large Millimetre/submillimetre Array (ALMA) is capable of observing the Sun in that wavelength range with an unprecedented spatial, temporal and spectral resolution. To interpret solar observations with ALMA, the first important step is to compare solar ALMA maps with simultaneous images of the Sun recorded in other spectral ranges.Aims.The first aim of the present work is to identify different structures in the solar atmosphere seen in the optical, infrared, and EUV parts of the spectrum (quiet Sun, active regions, prominences on the disc, magnetic inversion lines, coronal holes and coronal bright points) in a full-disc solar ALMA image. The second aim is to measure the intensities (brightness temperatures) of those structures and to compare them with the corresponding quiet Sun level.Methods.A full-disc solar image at 1.21 mm obtained on December 18, 2015, during a CSV-EOC campaign with ALMA is calibrated and compared with full-disc solar images from the same day in Hαline, in He I1083 nm line core, and with various SDO images (AIA at 170 nm, 30.4 nm, 21.1 nm, 19.3 nm, and 17.1 nm and HMI magnetogram). The brightness temperatures of various structures are determined by averaging over corresponding regions of interest in the calibrated ALMA image.Results.Positions of the quiet Sun, active regions, prominences on the disc, magnetic inversion lines, coronal holes and coronal bright points are identified in the ALMA image. At the wavelength of 1.21 mm, active regions appear as bright areas (but sunspots are dark), while prominences on the disc and coronal holes are not discernible from the quiet Sun background, despite having slightly less intensity than surrounding quiet Sun regions. Magnetic inversion lines appear as large, elongated dark structures and coronal bright points correspond to ALMA bright points.Conclusions.These observational results are in general agreement with sparse earlier measurements at similar wavelengths. The identification of coronal bright points represents the most important new result. By comparing ALMA and other maps, it was found that the ALMA image was oriented properly and that the procedure of overlaying the ALMA image with other images is accurate at the 5 arcsec level. The potential of ALMA for physics of the solar chromosphere is emphasised.