bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of lung adenocarcinoma subtypes on survival and timing of brain metastases
Authors: Zhou Chuyan , Zhang Xiaofang , Yan Xingyu , Xie Haitao , Tan Hao , Song Yingqiu , Li Mo , Jin Yi , Wang Tianlu 
Published: September 2024

PurposeLung cancer is a devastating disease, with brain metastasis being one of the most common distant metastases of lung adenocarcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic characteristics of individuals with brain metastases originating from invasive lung adenocarcinoma of distinct pathological subtypes, providing a reference for the management of these patients.MethodsClinical data from 156 patients with lung adenocarcinoma-derived brain metastases were collected, including age, sex, smoking status, Karnofsky Performance Status scores, pathological subtype, lymph node metastasis, tumor site, treatment mode, T stage, and N stage. Patients were classified into two groups (highly differentiated and poorly differentiated) based on their pathological subtypes. Propensity score matching was used to control for confounding factors. The prognostic value of pathological subtypes was assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression modeling.ResultsKaplan-Meier analysis indicated that patients in the moderately to highly differentiated group had better prognoses. Multivariate analysis revealed that being in the poorly differentiated group was a risk factor for poorer prognosis. Thoracic tumor radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and surgery positively influenced the time interval between lung cancer diagnosis and brain metastasis.ConclusionsThe pathological subtypes of lung adenocarcinoma-derived brain metastases are associated with patient prognosis. Patients in the poorly differentiated group have worse prognoses compared to those in the moderately to highly differentiated group. Therefore, patients in the poorly differentiated group may require more frequent follow-ups and aggressive treatment.
A predictive model for stunting among children under the age of three
Authors: Xiong Yuxiang , Hu Xuhuai , Cao Jindan , Shang Li , Niu Ben 
Published: September 2024

BackgroundIn light of the global effort to eradicate stunting in childhood, the objective of this research endeavor was to assess the prevalence of stunting and associated factors, simultaneously construct and validate a risk prediction model for stunting among children under the age of three in Shenzhen, China.MethodsUsing the stratified random sampling method, we selected 9,581 children under the age of three for research and analysis. The dataset underwent a random allocation into training and validation sets, adhering to a 8:2 split ratio. Within the training set, a combined approach of LASSO regression analysis and binary logistic regression analysis was implemented to identify and select the predictive variables for the model. Subsequently, model construction was conducted in the training set, encompassing model evaluation, visualization, and internal validation procedures. Finally, to assess the model's generalizability, external validation was performed using the validation set.ResultsA total of 684 (7.14%) had phenotypes of stunt. Utilizing a combined approach of LASSO regression and logistic regression, key predictors of stunting among children under three years of age were identified, including sex, age in months, mother's education, father's age, birth order, feeding patterns, delivery mode, average daily parent-child reading time, average time spent in child-parent interactions, and average daily outdoor time. These variables were subsequently employed to develop a comprehensive prediction model for childhood stunting. A nomogram model was constructed based on these factors, demonstrating excellent consistency and accuracy. Calibration curves validated the agreement between the nomogram predictions and actual observations. Furthermore, ROC and DCA analyses indicated the strong predictive performance of the nomograms.ConclusionsThe developed model for forecasting stunt risk, which integrates a spectrum of variables. This analytical framework presents actionable intelligence to medical professionals, laying down a foundational framework and a pivot for the conception and execution of preemptive strategies and therapeutic interventions.
Association between parental factors and child's behaviors during moderate sedation in pediatric dental care
Authors: Alanbari Mohamad A. , Hamdan Hebah M. , Bawazir Omar A. , Sulimany Ayman M. 
Published: September 2024

Background/AimManaging young children with negative behaviors can be challenging in dental settings. Moderate sedation (MS) is often used as a treatment option for such children. However, children's behavior during MS may vary depending on several variables. These variables include parental factors, such as parental anxiety, coping strategies, and pain catastrophizing. However, this area, particularly in Saudi Arabia, remains underexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association among parental anxiety, coping style, pain catastrophizing, and children's behavior during MS among Saudi children.MethodsBased on sample size calculation, this cross-sectional observational study included 85 children aged 3–5 years undergoing dental treatment under MS at King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Parental anxiety, coping styles, and pain catastrophizing were assessed using the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale, Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced Scale, and Pain Catastrophizing Scale. Child behavior was evaluated using the Houpt scale during sedation visits, which was video-recorded and independently analyzed by a single evaluator. Data were analyzed using Pearson's chi-squared test, Mann–Whitney U test, and stepwise multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe results showed no significant association among parental dental anxiety, pain catastrophizing, and child behaviors during MS. Specific parental coping strategies, such as acceptance, were positively associated with positive sedation outcomes (P = 0.03), while active coping strategies were linked to less favorable outcomes (P = 0.03). Female children had higher sedation failure rates (P = 0.02), and the number of dental treatments was positively associated with success rates (P = 0.03).ConclusionParental anxiety and pain catastrophizing did not significantly affect the success of sedation. However, acceptance as a coping strategy was significantly associated with sedation success in pediatric dental care under MS, whereas active coping strategies were associated with less favorable outcomes.
Early detection of N, P, K deficiency in Choy Sum using hyperspectral imaging-based spatial spectral feature mining
Authors: Teo Valerie Xinhui , Dhandapani Savitha , Ang Jie Randall , Philip Vidya Susan , Teo Ju Teng Mark , Zhang Shuyan , Park Bong Soo , Olivo Malini , Dinish U. S. 
Published: September 2024

Leafy vegetables are widely consumed around the world for their rich nutritional qualities. To ensure a reliable and cost-effective supply of leafy vegetables in the future, advancements in their production are essential. Deficiencies of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) impair growth of leafy vegetables and the ensuing visual symptoms make the plants unmarketable. We studied the use of non-contact large area hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for early detection of N, P and K deficiencies in the leafy vegetable, Choy Sum, before the appearance of visual symptoms. The wide spectral data of 500–900 nm extracted from the plants were subjected to advanced feature mining, facilitating the creation of novel spectral indices tailored to each vital nutrient by leveraging the Pearson’s correlations of 0.85 for N, 0.64 for P, and 0.68 for K with gold standard elemental concentration data. Early detection of deficiencies and timely replenishment of macronutrient(s) can prevent the development of obvious symptoms and thus maintain the visual quality of Choy Sum. These newly created spectral indices hold the potential to provide non-destructive estimation of nutrient content in plants, offering a promising avenue for future advancements in precision agriculture and resource-efficient crop management.
The feasibility of occupational therapy using Zones of Regulation™ Concepts in an equine environment
Authors: Peters B. Caitlin , Gabriels Robin L. , Schmid Arlene A. , Pan Zhaoxing , Merritt Tamara , Hoffman Arielle , Hepburn Susan 
Published: September 2024

IntroductionThe current paper aimed to assess the feasibility of a modified intervention protocol named “Occupational Therapy using Zones of Regulation Concepts in an Equine Environment” (OT-ZOR Equine).MethodsA single arm A-B feasibility study was conducted, involving 14 autistic youth ages 6-13 years who first received 10-weeks of occupational therapy without horses (OT-ZOR Clinic) followed by 10-weeks of OT-ZOR Equine.ResultsAll participants completed the study and attended 95% of OT-ZOR Equine sessions. Occupational therapists maintained 91% fidelity to the OT-ZOR Equine intervention protocol and there were no serious adverse events. All participants’ caregivers and study occupational therapists rated being satisfied or very satisfied with the OT-ZOR Equine intervention. Youth demonstrated improved self-regulation following participation in the OT-ZOR Clinic and OT-ZOR Equine interventions. However, participants’ social functioning only improved after OT-ZOR Equine.DiscussionThis study demonstrated that OT-ZOR Equine is feasible to implement, acceptable to recipients and providers, and may offer additive benefits in social functioning compared to occupational therapy intervention without horses. The current study provides a foundation for future efficacy research aimed at quantifying additive benefits of integrating horses into occupational therapy for autistic youth.
The Chinese version of the tendency to stigmatize epidemic diseases scale: a translation and validation study
Authors: Wang Xin , Wang Yuecong , Ge Yuanhui , Liu Yuxiu , Niu Riyu , Guo Zhengxiang , Ge Dongfang 
Published: September 2024

ObjectiveTo translate the Tendency to Stigmatize Epidemics Diseases Scale (TSEDS) into Chinese and to evaluate its psychometric properties.MethodsTranslation and cross-cultural adaptation using the Brislin translation model, and pre-testing to form a Chinese version of TSEDS. A total of 434 adults participated in the study and the TSEDS were measured using the critical ratio method, Pearson correlation analysis, retest reliability, content validity, structural validity, and concurrent validity.ResultsThe Chinese version of the TSEDS scale contains 27 items in 5 dimensions, including structural stigma, perceived stigma, organizational stigma, internalized stigma, and social stigma. The average content validity index of the scale was 0.975. The goodness of fit index (χ2/df= 1.981, RMSEA = 0.067, CFI= 0.930, IFI = 0.931, TLI = 0.922) indicated a good model fit. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.962 and the dimensionality ranged from 0.882 to 0.928. The retest reliability was 0.912.ConclusionThe Chinese version of TSEDS has good reliability and validity, which can be used to assess the epidemiological stigma tendency of Chinese adults.
Choosing the right treatment - combining clinicians’ expert knowledge with data-driven predictions
Authors: Maekawa Eduardo , Jensen Esben , van de Ven Pepijn , Mathiasen Kim 
Published: September 2024

ContextThis study proposes a Bayesian network model to aid mental health specialists making data-driven decisions on suitable treatments. The aim is to create a probabilistic machine learning model to assist psychologists in selecting the most suitable treatment for individuals for four potential mental disorders: Depression, Panic Disorder, Social Phobia, or Specific Phobia.MethodsThis study utilized a dataset from 1,094 individuals in Denmark containing socio-demographic details and mental health information. A Bayesian network was initially employed in a purely data-driven approach and was later refined with expert knowledge, referred to as a hybrid model. The model outputted probabilities for each disorder, with the highest probability indicating the most suitable disorder for treatment.ResultsBy incorporating expert knowledge, the model demonstrated enhanced performance compared to a strictly data-driven approach. Specifically, it achieved an AUC score of 0.85 vs 0.80 on the test data. Furthermore, we evaluated some cases where the predictions of the model did not match the actual treatment. The symptom questionnaires indicated that these participants likely had comorbid disorders, with the actual treatment being proposed by the model with the second highest probability.ConclusionsIn 90.1% of cases, the hybrid model ranked the actual disorder treated as either the highest (67.3%) or second-highest (22.8%) on the test data. This emphasizes that instead of suggesting a single disorder to be treated, the model can offer the probabilities for multiple disorders. This allows individuals seeking treatment or their therapists to incorporate this information as an additional data-driven factor when collectively deciding on which treatment to prioritize.
Intersectional configuration of infant mortality due to malnutrition in Colombia: a mini-review
Authors: Taborda Restrepo Paula A. 
Published: September 2024

This mini review delves into the complex issue of mortality linked to malnutrition, highlighting its multifaceted nature beyond just biomedical factors, presenting it as an intricate intersectional phenomenon.MethodThe mini-review methodology involved a systematic literature search across databases like PubMed and Scielo, focusing on malnutrition and infant mortality in Colombia. We used specific keywords and Boolean operators to identify relevant studies, emphasizing socio-economic, gender, and ethnic factors, while excluding non-peer-reviewed and outdated publications.ResultsThe relationship between gender and food/nutrition has deep historical and cultural roots. Patriarchal norms influence dietary habits based on gender roles, often placing undue responsibility on mothers for children’s nutritional health, reflecting profound social intersections. Mortality due to malnutrition is most prevalent among indigenous and Afro-descendant children in rural, conflict-affected areas with limited access to healthcare. Unpaid domestic work restricts women’s economic independence, intensifying challenges for single-parent households.ConclusionA comprehensive understanding can shift institutional attitudes toward mothers, leading to more coherent policy strategies and effective interventions.
Amazwi Amasha: New Approaches to Sustainable Poetry Teaching and Learning
Authors: Genis Gerhard , Byrne Deirdre C. 
Published: September 2024

At many South African schools poetry is considered to be a “problem genre”, with both teachers and learners viewing it as “difficult” and as a genre that lowers schools’ pass rates in the National Senior Certificate (NSC) (Matric) examination. For this reason, schools tend to shy away from prescribing poetry at the Further Education and Training (FET) level (that is, in Grades 10-12). This article argues that the poems that are prescribed for English First Additional Language (EFAL) classes are difficult for learners to relate to because of having been written in contexts that are temporally and geographically distant from the learners’ life-worlds. In addition, many learners may not understand the particular variety of English that is used in canonical poetry. A new teaching anthology, entitled Amazwi Amasha (New Voices), containing South African post-1994 poetry, is in the process of being compiled to address the problem of learners’ alienation from their prescribed poems. This anthology forms the topic of this article. The theory and methodology underpinning the selection of poems and the design of learning activities to accompany each poem are described, along with the selection of themes that are relevant to young South Africans. The argument concludes that a more multimodal, interactive approach to teaching and learning poetry can help tap into the resources of this capacious and fascinating genre.
Revolusi Mental Masyarakat Pedesaan Melalui Pendampingan Dan Pelatihan Life Skill
Authors: Suhaemi  , Zakaria Muh 
Published: September 2024

Potensi masyarakat yang ada dilombok pada umumnya tergolong tinggi namun belum banyak tersentuh dan terbedayakan oleh para akademisi dan para ahli dibidang masing-masing. Adapun metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini menggunakan Partisipatory Action Research (PAR), beberapa kegiatan pendampingan dan pelatihan yang dilaksanakan adalah pendampingan TPQ, pelatihan pengolahan sampah dan meningkatkan kesadaran akan pentingnya kesehatan lingkungan. Selanjutnya memberikan pelatihan pengajaran ana-anak usia dini dalam hal baca tulis Alquran ini masuk pada pelatihan keagamaan.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Berbasis KKN Literasi Masyarakat Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Desa Rempek Kecamatan Gangga
Authors: Asriandi Asriandi , Kholik Hidayatul 
Published: September 2024

Pendampingan dilakukan berdasarkan hasil tingginya minta belajar masyarakat rempek dimana semangat tersebut di dukung oleh budaya yang memadai salah satunya nilai kerafian local terkait saling tolong-menolong. Literasi merupakan suatu proses, pembelajaran membaca, baik pembelajaran membaca lanjut hingga pembelajaran membaca permulaan dilakukan supaya siswa menguasai proses membaca. Tujuan dari program literasi yaitu untuk meningkatkan minat baca anak-anak diwilayah Desa Rempek di karenakan di wilayah tersebut minim sekali anak anak yang bisa membaca dan tingkat pendidikan yang cukup rendah di sebabkan karna banyak masyarakat melangsungkan pernikahan dini secara legal di karenakan hukum adat yang masih membolehkan masyarakat melakukan pernikahan dini,hingga dampak terhadap masyarakat dan anak-anak untuk bisa membaca sangat kurang,sehingga kami dari tim KKN kelompok 36 mengangkat program literasi di wilayah tersebut untuk memberikan pendidikan membaca pada anak-anak Pemberdayaan masyarakat merupakan upaya untuk memeberdayakan masyarakat melalui realisasi potensi dari kegiatan-kegiataan pendidikan ataupun non pendidikan, sosial budaya, dan lain-lain. Kegiatan ini menekankan pentingnya memahami kebutuhan masyarakat dan cara pemecahan atau solusi dengan memperhatikan potensi yang ada di lingkungannya.
Pemberdayaan masyarakat ini adalah salah satu bentuk pasrtisipasi, upaya, akademisi (mahasiswa IAI Hamzanwadi) untuk membangun masyarakat dengan berbagai macam program. Adapun bentuk pemberdayaan masyarakat yang ditawarkan berupa literasi dan pengembangan masyarakat berbasis kearifan lokal. Masyarakat setempat akan mencoba melakukan hal-hal produktif untuk pembangunan, pengembangan lingkungan setempat sesuai dengan wawasan lokal yang ada didaerah tersebut baik dari segi sosial, seni, budaya, agama, dan lainnya. Dengan demikian, pengembangan masyarakat akan terarah sesuai kearifan lokal daerah setempat.
Different delayed consequences of attaining a plateau phase in practicing a simple (finger-tapping sequence learning) and a complex (Tower of Hanoi puzzle) task
Authors: Lowenscuss-Erlich Iris , Karni Avi , Gal Carmit , Vakil Eli 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn practicing a new task, the initial performance gains, across consecutive trials, decrease; in the following phase, performance tends to plateau. However, after a long delay additional performance improvements may emerge (delayed/ “offline” gains). It has been suggested that the attainment of the plateau phase is a necessary condition for the triggering of skill consolidation processes that lead to the expression of delayed gains. Here we compared the effect of a long-delay (24–48 h) interval following each of the two within-session phases, on performance in a simple motor task, the finger-tapping sequence learning (FTSL), and in a conceptually complex task, the Tower of Hanoi puzzle (TOHP). In Experiment 1 we determined the amount of practice leading to the plateau phase within a single practice session (long practice), in each task. Experiment 2 consisted of three consecutive sessions with long-delay intervals in between; in the first session, participants underwent a short practice without attaining the plateau phase, but in the next two sessions, participants received long practice, attaining the plateau phase. In the FTSL, short practice resulted in no delayed gains after the long delay, but after 24–48 h following long practice, task performance was further improved. In contrast, no delayed gains evolved in the TOHP during the 24- to 48-h delay following long practice. We propose that the attainment of a plateau phase can indicate either the attainment of a comprehensive task solution routine (achievable for simple tasks) or a preservation of work-in-progress task solution routine (complex tasks); performance after a long post-practice interval can differentiate these two states.
DESIGN OF EMERGENCY EXITS IN ELLIPTICAL CORRIDOR TYPE BUILDINGS. CORRIDOR WIDTH
Authors: Голкин А.В. , Шамонин В.Г. , Зуев С.А. , Хатунцева С.Ю. 
Published: September 2024

Рассмотрена возможность решения задачи выбора оптимальной ширины эвакуационных криволинейных коридоров, обе стороны которого представляют собой части эллипса для последующей минимизации смешения людских потоков (и, соответственно, предотвращения заторов при движении людей) при эвакуации в случае пожара или других чрезвычайных ситуаций. Рассматривается вопрос об изменении ширины коридора по его длине двумя способами: одномерной безусловной оптимизации и классической теории Куна – Таккера. Предложена последовательность шагов для реализации поставленной задачи – нахождению оптимальной ширины коридора.
There is considered the possibility of solving the problem of choosing the optimal width of curved emergency corridors, both sides of which are parts of an ellipse to further minimize the mixing of human flows (and, accordingly, to prevent congestion in people's movement) during evacuation in case of fire or other emergencies. The issue of changing the corridor width along its length is considered in two ways: one-dimensional unconditional optimization and the classical Kuhn-Tucker theorem. A sequence of steps is proposed to implement the task of finding the optimal corridor width.