bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ION INJECTION AT QUASI-PARALLEL SHOCKS SEEN BY THE CLUSTER SPACECRAFT
Authors: Johlander A. , Vaivads A. , Khotyaintsev Yu. V. , Retinò A. , Dandouras I. 
Published: January 2016

ABSTRACT
Collisionless shocks in space plasma are known to be capable of accelerating ions to very high energies through diffusive shock acceleration (DSA). This process requires an injection of suprathermal ions, but the mechanisms producing such a suprathermal ion seed population are still not fully understood. We study acceleration of solar wind ions resulting from reflection off short large-amplitude magnetic structures (SLAMSs) in the quasi-parallel bow shock of Earth using in situ data from the four Cluster spacecraft. Nearly specularly reflected solar wind ions are observed just upstream of a SLAMS. The reflected ions are undergoing shock drift acceleration (SDA) and obtain energies higher than the solar wind energy upstream of the SLAMS. Our test particle simulations show that solar wind ions with lower energy are more likely to be reflected off the SLAMS, while high-energy ions pass through the SLAMS, which is consistent with the observations. The process of SDA at SLAMSs can provide an effective way of accelerating solar wind ions to suprathermal energies. Therefore, this could be a mechanism of ion injection into DSA in astrophysical plasmas.
Two newly recorded genera and species of Owlflies (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae) from China
Authors: Yang Ming , Wang Xin , Sun Ming 
Published: January 2016

The records of genus Bubopsis McLachlan, 1898 with species Bubopsis tancrei Weele, 1908 and the genus Nousera Navás, 1923 with species Nousera gibba Navás, 1923 have not been published in China.
The genus Bubopsis McLachlan, 1898 with species Bubopsis tancrei Weele, 1908 and the genus Nousera Navás, 1923 with species Nousera gibba Navás, 1923 are recorded for the first time from China. We provide detailed descriptions and illlustrations of specimens and the collecting information of the specimens are also provided.
Towards a Generic Architecture for Building Modular CPS as Applied to Mobile Robotics
Authors: González-Nalda Pablo , Etxeberria-Agiriano Ismael , Calvo Isidro 
Published: January 2016

This paper presents a generic architecture for the
design of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) based on
inexpensive and easily available hardware and open source
software components. . This architecture provides a
framework aimed at building CPS in a robust, flexible and
modular way. The presented architecture intends to ease the
construction of this kind of systems together with its
evolution and management.
The potential of the proposed architecture is illustrated by
means of a case study consisting of a mobile robotics
application built with low cost hardware modules modules.
There is a large community of users for these components and plenty
of related technical information is available. As a
consequence, these inexpensive components were found
suitable for being used at different application domains,
including research and education.
Trust Based Authentication Mechanism in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Ping Li Ru 
Published: January 2016

Authentication mechanism is the basis of access control and data exchange. In wireless sensor networks, the
vulnerability of network nodes and complexity of communication protocols pose a huge challenge for designing authentication mechanism in such environment. In this paper, we study the authentication mechanism in wireless sensor networks based on trust between nodes. We use the interaction history of nodes for recommendation trust computation, and the interaction history comes from the interactions between nodes. We design a penalty mechanism for hostile nodes based on the TCP congestion control protocol, and present a loyalty based trust recommendation evaluation algorithm. Massive experiments validate the efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Evolving symbioses between insects and fungi that kill trees in Canada: new threats associated with invasive organisms
Authors: Ramsfield Tod D. 
Published: January 2016

AbstractSymbiotic relationships between insects and fungi are known to cause tree mortality either through direct damage by larval feeding that can be facilitated by symbiotic fungi, or through insects vectoring pathogens directly to healthy trees. Within their native ranges, the impacts of many insect-fungus symbioses are restricted to weakened and declining trees; however, within the last century tree mortality caused by globally invasive insect–fungus associations has had a devastating impact on trees in both urban and natural forest ecosystems. Unfortunately, Canadian forests have been seriously affected by invasive organisms and an emerging threat is the expansion of a native bark beetle into the boreal forest of Alberta. This paper reviews the symbiotic relationships between selected invasive insects and pathogens that cause tree mortality within the urban and forested landscapes of Canada; it uses these case studies to illustrate potentially damaging new evolutionary trajectories.
Social network analysis and supply chain management
Authors: Rodríguez Rodríguez Raúl , Leon Ramona D. 
Published: January 2016

<p>This paper deals with social network analysis and how it could be integrated within supply chain management from a decision-making point of view. Even though the benefits of using social analysis have are widely accepted at both academic and industry/services context, there is still a lack of solid frameworks that allow decision-makers to connect the usage and obtained results of social network analysis – mainly both information and knowledge flows and derived results- with supply chain management objectives and goals. This paper gives an overview of social network analysis, the main social network analysis metrics, supply chain performance and, finally, it identifies how future frameworks could close the gap and link the results of social network analysis with the supply chain management decision-making processes. </p>
Community Relocation in Very Old Age: Changes in Housing Accessibility
Authors: Granbom Marianne , Slaug Björn , Löfqvist Charlotte , Oswald Frank , Iwarsson Susanne 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOBJECTIVE. The objective of this study was to compare environmental barriers, housing accessibility, and usability before and after relocation of very old, single-living people in the community. It also examined whether accessibility improved after relocation compared with a simulated scenario in which participants would have remained in their former dwellings.METHOD. Data from the Swedish part of the longitudinal Enabling Autonomy, Participation, and Well-Being in Old Age: The Home Environment as a Determinant for Healthy Ageing database were analyzed with a before-and-after design (N = 29). Mean time from before to after data collection was 2.6 yr.RESULTS. The number of environmental barriers was significantly reduced after relocation, especially barriers at entrances and in bathrooms. In addition, usability was stable and accessibility improved compared with the simulated scenario of remaining in the former dwelling.CONCLUSION. Community-based moves to new dwellings may lead to fewer environmental barriers and stable levels of usability and accessibility. This relocation is a positive outcome, considering the expected functional decline in old age.
Comparing and Exploring the Sensory Processing Patterns of Higher Education Students With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Clince Maria , Connolly Laura , Nolan Clodagh 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. Research regarding sensory processing and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is limited. This study aimed to compare sensory processing patterns of groups of higher education students with ADHD or ASD and to explore the implications of these disorders for their college life.
METHOD.The Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile was administered to 28 students with ADHD and 27 students with ASD. Students and professionals were interviewed.
RESULTS. The majority of students received scores that differed from those of the general population. Students with ADHD received significantly higher scores than students with ASD in relation to sensation seeking; however, there were no other major differences.
CONCLUSION. Few differences exist between the sensory processing patterns of students with ADHD and ASD; however, both groups differ significantly from the general population. Occupational therapists should consider sensory processing patterns when designing supports for these groups.
Effect of Occupational Therapy–Led Playgroups in Early Intervention on Child Playfulness and Caregiver Responsiveness: A Repeated-Measures Design
Authors: Fabrizi Sarah E. , Ito Max A. , Winston Kristin 
Published: January 2016

AbstractOBJECTIVE. This study's objective was to investigate the effects of a community playgroup on the playfulness of children with special needs ages 15 mo to 3 yr and the responsiveness of their caregivers.METHOD. Using a pretest–posttest, repeated-measures design, we evaluated 8 child–caregiver dyads participating in an 8-wk occupational therapist–led community playgroup recruited from a purposive sample enrolled in early intervention. Video recordings from four time points over 4 mo were used to determine playfulness (Test of Playfulness) of the child and the responsiveness of the caregiver.RESULTS. Blinded raters assessed playfulness and responsiveness outcomes. A repeated-measures analysis of variance demonstrated that participation in the playgroup significantly increased child playfulness (ηp2 = .89, p &lt; .01). Analysis did not detect a change in caregiver responsiveness.CONCLUSION. The results of this study have implications for the use of playgroups in comprehensive occupational therapy practice in early intervention.
Single-Case-Design Study of Finger-to-Axilla Compression Bandaging for Edema of the Hemiplegic Upper Limb
Authors: Gustafsson Louise , Lunnon Jessica , Hoyle Melanie , Marshall Kathryn , Bower Kylie 
Published: January 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE. This single-case study investigated the effectiveness of compression bandaging from the finger to the axilla in reducing poststroke edema in the upper limb.
METHOD. Repeated circumferential measurements were recorded at five points along the participants’ hand and forearm. Analysis of the data included the generation of graphs, celeration lines, and visual analysis.
RESULTS. Five participants with edema (mean 38 days poststroke) were recruited to the study. Fluctuations in edema were observed in all three study phases, with an increasing to decreasing trend in edema between the baseline and intervention phases. There was no clear trend from the intervention to second baseline phase.
CONCLUSION. Bandaging from the fingers to the axilla appears to be effective in reducing edema in the hand and forearm. However, return of edema after removal of the bandaging suggest that a greater understanding of underlying mechanisms and the appropriate intervention protocols is warranted.
Validation of a School-Based Amblyopia Screening Protocol in a Kindergarten Population
Authors: Casas-Llera Pilar , Ortega Paula , Rubio Inmaculada , Santos Verónica , Prieto María J. , Alio Jorge L. 
Published: January 2016

Purpose To validate a school-based amblyopia screening program model by comparing its outcomes to those of a state-of-the-art conventional ophthalmic clinic examination in a kindergarten population of children between the ages of 4 and 5 years. Methods An amblyopia screening protocol, which consisted of visual acuity measurement using Lea charts, ocular alignment test, ocular motility assessment, and stereoacuity with TNO random-dot test, was performed at school in a pediatric 4- to 5-year-old population by qualified healthcare professionals. The outcomes were validated in a selected group by a conventional ophthalmologic examination performed in a fully equipped ophthalmologic center. The ophthalmologic evaluation was used to confirm whether or not children were correctly classified by the screening protocol. The sensitivity and specificity of the test model to detect amblyopia were established. Results A total of 18,587 4- to 5-year-old children were subjected to the amblyopia screening program during the 2010-2011 school year. A population of 100 children were selected for the ophthalmologic validation screening. A sensitivity of 89.3%, specificity of 93.1%, positive predictive value of 83.3%, negative predictive value of 95.7%, positive likelihood ratio of 12.86, and negative likelihood ratio of 0.12 was obtained for the amblyopia screening validation model. Conclusions The amblyopia screening protocol model tested in this investigation shows high sensitivity and specificity in detecting high-risk cases of amblyopia compared to the standard ophthalmologic examination. This screening program may be highly relevant for amblyopia screening at schools.
Recommendations for the Appropriate Management of Diabetic Macular Edema: Light on DME Survey and Consensus Document by an Expert Panel
Authors: Bandello Francesco , Midena Edoardo , Menchini Ugo , Lanzetta Paolo 
Published: January 2016

Purpose The Light on DME survey was designed to address several issues concerning the management of diabetic macular edema (DME) with the objective of producing practical recommendations for the appropriate treatment of this condition. Methods The recommendations considered aspects of DME treatment that are controversial and insufficiently supported by the evidence and were based on a consensus reached by an expert panel. Consensus was achieved by means of the Delphi method. Thirty-one Italian retinologists were asked to rate the appropriateness of a comprehensive set of scenarios typically encountered in the management of DME in clinical practice. The results of the appropriateness evaluation were analyzed by the study panel and a second assessment round was conducted for those scenarios on which no consensus was reached. Results Consensus was reached on several relevant aspects of current DME management, namely the initiation and course of treatment with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy, assessment of the outcomes of anti-VEGF therapy based on both functional and morphologic outcomes, combination of anti-VEGF with laser therapy, and management of nonresponders to anti-VEGFs. A few issues, including the definition of DME based on novel diagnostic tools, the need for stable metabolic parameters before initiating anti-VEGF therapy, and the use of a second anti-VEFG after failure of the first anti-VEGF, proved controversial. Conclusions A clear consensus among DME experts was reached on several relevant aspects of DME management. Based on this consensus, detailed and practical recommendations to guide ophthalmologists in the use of novel approaches to DME could be developed.
Characteristics of Women with Endometriosis from the USA and Puerto Rico
Authors: Fourquet Jessica , Sinaii Ninet , Stratton Pamela , Khayel Fareed , Alvarez-Garriga Carolina , Bayona Manuel , Ballweg Mary Lou , Flores Idhaliz 
Published: January 2016

Purpose To describe lifetime differences in clinical characteristics of women with endometriosis between the USA and Puerto Rico. Methods A descriptive study using self-administered demographic and clinical questionnaires was undertaken. Women with self-reported surgically diagnosed endometriosis who completed questionnaires from the Endometriosis Association (EA), Wisconsin, USA (n = 4358) and the Endometriosis Research Program (ERP) in Puerto Rico (n = 878), were included in this study. We compared demographic, gynecological and clinical history, frequency of endometriosis-associated symptoms and co-morbidities. Results Although both groups have similar symptomatology, EA respondents had significantly higher rates of chronic pelvic pain and incapacitating pain than ERP participants. EA respondents were significantly more likely to report a history of problems getting pregnant, heavy bleeding, and hysterectomy than ERP respondents. Miscarriages were more frequently reported by the ERP group. Co-morbidities such as allergies, chronic fatigue syndrome, and fibromyalgia were more prevalent in EA respondents, whereas asthma was significantly more frequent in participants from ERP. Conclusions Overall, women with endometriosis from the USA and Puerto Rico reported high rates of pain and infertility and a similar spectrum of symptoms. Those from the EA reported longer time to diagnosis, and diagnostic delays than those from the ERP, which may explain the observed increased in rates of endometriosis-related symptoms and co-morbidities in EA as compared to ERP.
Impact of A Short-Term, Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Program on the Well-Being of Infertile Women: A Mixed-Method Study
Authors: Paiva Sara P.C. , Nery Simone F. , Magalhães Estefânia B. , Couto Bráulio G.M. , Amaral Clara A.V. , Campos Fernanda M.F. , Camargos Aroldo F. , Reis Fernando M. 
Published: January 2016

Background Mind-body skills groups represent an experiential approach to teaching antistress techniques that can enable a person to achieve mindfulness, self-awareness and self-reflection, to engage in self-care. This study examined whether a short-term mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program improved the well-being of infertile women. Methods A cohort of 25 women was enrolled at a public academic center of reproductive medicine, while on the waiting list for in vitro fertilization (IVF). The MBSR intervention consisted of 12 weekly sessions of mindfulness meditation, relaxation, autogenic training, biofeedback and guided imagery. The participants completed a qualitative, open-ended questionnaire and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI) questionnaire to assess anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health and vitality, before and after the intervention period. Data were analyzed by paired t-test and by 95% confidence interval. Results The qualitative analysis revealed 5 central themes in patients’ responses to the questionnaires: connections, self-discovery, stress relief, learning and consciousness. Total PGWBI score increased by 17% (mean difference 14.1 ± 3.9 points, p<0.01), and all subscales improved after the intervention course compared with the preintervention values. Conclusions Both qualitative and quantitative assessment suggest that a 12-week MBSR program may improve the general well-being of infertile women awaiting IVF.
Dienogest Treatment Improves Quality of Life in Women with Endometriosis
Authors: Luisi Stefano , Parazzini Fabio , Angioni Stefano , Arena Saverio , Berretta Paolo , Candiani Massimo , Cela Vito , Fedele Luigi , Litta Pietro , Maiorana Antonio , Nappi Luigi , Porpora Maria Grazia , Rosati Maurizio , Zullo Fulvio , Tosti Claudia , Petraglia Felice 
Published: January 2016

Background The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of dienogest treatment in improving quality of life in women with endometriosis. Methods This was a prospective observational multicenter study at the universities of Siena, Milano, Cagliari, Perugia, Busto Arstizio, Pisa, Padova, Palermo, Foggia, Roma, Pescara and Catanzaro, including 142 patients with a diagnosis of endometriosis who received dienogest 2 mg once daily, for up to 90 days. Each patient underwent an evaluation of pelvic pain measured by visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 10 points, and of quality of life measured by a mental and physical index before and after treatment. Results The mean ± SD of VAS was 8.2 ± 1.6 in women with endometriosis, and this progressively and significantly decreased to 5.9 ± 2.6 at the end of the study. Mental index score values increased from 39.0 ± 9.8 to 46.0 ± 9.1 (p<0.001); likewise, the physical index increased from 39.6 ± 9.6 to 47.7 ± 8.5 (p<0.001). During the treatment period, the most frequent adverse events (AEs) were headache (30.8%), followed by bleeding (29.4%), depression (26.6%), breast tenderness (23.8%) and acne (2.0%), but these were transitory, and none led to withdrawal from the study. Conclusions The present prospective study showed that dienogest is an effective and well-tolerated treatment improving the quality of life in endometriotic women.
Associations between thrombophilic risk factors and determinants of atherosclerosis and inflammation in patients with non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy
Authors: Finger C. , Zotz R. B. , Scharf R. E. , Unsöld R. 
Published: January 2016

SummaryNon-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is caused by ischaemia of the optic nerve head. The pathophysiology of NAION is unclear, and no proven effective treatment exists. Patients, methods: We analyzed thrombophilic risk factors and determinants of atherosclerosis and inflammation in 109 consecutive patients and 109 age- and sex-matched volunteers using a case-control design. Results: High levels of fibrinogen (>384 mg/dl; OR 3.2, p = 0.003), factors VIII:C (>183%; OR 2.6, p = 0.02), IX (>153%; OR 2.6, p = 0.026), XI (>142%; OR 3.4, p = 0.006), von Willebrand factor (activity >205%; OR 3.1, p = 0.005; antigen >194%; OR 3.5, p = 0.002), and triglycerides (>228 mg/dl; OR 2.8, p = 0.026), higher platelet counts (>294 000/[uni03BC]l; OR 2.5, p = 0.04), low levels of HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dl; OR 2.7, p = 0.032), and an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (>20 mm/h; OR 4.4, p = 0.003) were associated with NAION. Conclusion: Our findings support the contention of a complex pathogenesis of NAION resulting from the coincidence of proatherogenic, prothrombotic and proinflammatory processes. The alterations described could be causative, side effects, or just coincidental findings.
Post Danmark II – a bit less confused, at a higher level
Authors: Kreijger P.J. 
Published: January 2016

Post Danmark II – a bit less confused, at a higher level
Het Deense postmonopolie is aanleiding voor niet minder dan twee fundamentele arresten van het Hof van Justitie over de toepassing van het misbruikverbod. Na een veelbelovend schot voor de economiseringsboeg in Post Danmark I zet het Hof van Justitie met de prejudiciële beslissing van 6 oktober 2015 in de zaak Post Danmark II voorzichtige, maar niet onbelangrijke stappen op het zo controversiële terrein van de beoordeling van kortingen verleend door dominante ondernemingen.HvJ 6 oktober 2015, zaak C-23/14, Post Danmark A/S – Konkurrencerådet, ECLI:EU:C:2015:651
Het TTIP-verdrag: een Odyssee door onbekende wateren
Authors: Lavranos N. 
Published: January 2016

Het TTIP-verdrag: een Odyssee door onbekende wateren
Deze bijdrage beoogt het juridische kader van het TTIP-verdrag te schetsen. Het artikel gaat eerst in op de rechtsbasis, de bevoegdheid, het onderhandelingsmandaat en de totstandkoming van TTIP. Vervolgens wordt op het ISDS-geschillenbeslechtingmechanisme van TTIP en de meeste recente voorstellen met betrekking tot de oprichting van een permanent investeringshof ingegaan. De stelling van de auteur is dat het TTIP-verdrag als gemengd akkoord afgesloten dient te worden en dat het voorgestelde permanente investeringshof – indien dat daadwerkelijk opgericht wordt – een significante breuk met het bestaande ISDS-systeem zou zijn.Voorstel Europese Commissie d.d. 12 november 2015 voor Investment Court systeem onder TTIP