bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Multiplicity of M Dwarfs in Young Moving Groups
Authors: Shan Yutong , Yee Jennifer C. , Bowler Brendan P. , Cieza Lucas A. , Montet Benjamin T. , Cánovas Héctor , Liu Michael C. , Close Laird M. , Hinz Phil M. , Males Jared R. , Morzinski Katie M. , Vaz Amali , Bailey Vanessa P. , Follette Katherine B. ,   (MagAO Team)
Published: September 2017

Abstract
We image 104 newly identified low-mass (mostly M-dwarf) pre-main sequence (PMS) members of nearby young moving groups (YMGs) with Magellan Adaptive Optics (MagAO) and identify 27 stellar binaries with instantaneous projected separation as small as 40 mas. Fifteen were previously unknown. The total number of multiple systems in this sample including spectroscopic and visual binaries from the literature is 36, giving a raw stellar multiplicity rate of at least

for this population. In the separation range of roughly 1–300 au in which infrared AO imaging is most sensitive, the raw multiplicity rate is at least

for binaries resolved by the MagAO infrared camera (Clio). The M-star subsample of 87 stars yields a raw multiplicity of at least

over all separations,

for secondary companions resolved by Clio from 1 to 300 au (

for all known binaries in this separation range). A combined analysis with binaries discovered by the Search for Associations Containing Young stars shows that stellar multiplicity fraction as a function of mass over the range of 0.2 to 1.2 M
☉ appears to be linearly flat, in contrast to the field, where multiplicity increases with mass. After bias corrections are applied, the multiplicity of low-mass YMG members (0.2–0.6 M
☉) is in excess of the field. The overall multiplicity fraction is also consistent with being constant in age and across YMGs, which suggests that multiplicity rates for this mass range are largely set by 10 Myr without appreciable evolution thereafter.
Reduced Diversity of Life around Proxima Centauri and TRAPPIST-1
Authors: Lingam Manasvi , Loeb Abraham 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The recent discovery of potentially habitable exoplanets around Proxima Centauri and TRAPPIST-1 has attracted much attention due to their potential for hosting life. We delineate a simple model that accurately describes the evolution of biological diversity on Earth. Combining this model with constraints on atmospheric erosion and the maximal evolutionary timescale arising from the star’s lifetime, we arrive at two striking conclusions: (i) Earth-analogs orbiting low-mass M-dwarfs are unlikely to be inhabited, and (ii) K-dwarfs and some G-type stars are potentially capable of hosting more complex biospheres than the Earth. Hence, future searches for biosignatures may have higher chances of success when targeting planets around K-dwarf stars.
Patient Activation Mediates Health Literacy Associated with Hospital Utilization Among Whites
Authors: Charlot Marjory , Winter Michael R. , Cabral Howard , Wolf Michael S. , Curtis Laura M. , Hanchate Amresh , Paasche-Orlow Michael 
Published: September 2017

Background:
Reducing the 30-day hospital readmission rate is a national priority, and patient activation has emerged as a modifiable target to reduce hospital readmissions.

Objective:
Prior studies demonstrate that low patient activation and low health literacy are each associated with higher rates of hospital utilization. The aim of this study was to use path analysis methods to assess if patient activation mediates the relationship between health literacy and hospital utilization in the 30 days after discharge.

Methods:
We performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial of patients receiving care at an urban safety net hospital. Path analyses were used to assess patient activation as a mediator of the relationship of education and health literacy with 30-day hospital utilization. The final model was stratified by race and ethnicity.

Key Results:

In the overall study sample, a patient activation measure (PAM) score that was one standard deviation (SD) higher was associated with 18% reduced odds of hospital utilization (odds ratio [OR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.73, 0.91];
p
< .001). PAM mediated the relationship between education level and health literacy and hospital utilization. When stratified by race, the mediating effect of PAM was evident among Whites, but not among non-Whites. Specifically, a one SD higher PAM score was significantly associated with a 33% reduced odds of utilization among Whites (OR 0.67, 95% CI [0.57, 0.79],
p
< .001). With the inclusion of PAM in the model, there was no direct relationship between either health literacy or education and 30-day hospital utilization.

Conclusions:

Patient activation is only associated with hospital utilization among Whites. Further research is needed to assess if this selective protection is seen in other cohorts. Potential interventions to reduce hospital readmissions may need to consider other modifiable factors in racially and ethnically diverse populations.

[
Health Literacy Research and Practice
. 2017;1(3):e128–e135.]

Plain Language Summary:
In this study, among White patients, the relationship between health literacy and hospital utilization within 30 days after discharge was due to patient activation. However, for non-White patients, the relationship between health literacy and hospital utilization within 30 days after discharge was not due to patient activation.
Impacts of climate mitigation strategies in the energy sector on global land use and carbon balance
Authors: Engström Kerstin , Lindeskog Mats , Olin Stefan , Hassler John , Smith Benjamin 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions to limit damage to the global economy climate-change-induced and secure the livelihoods of future generations requires ambitious mitigation strategies. The introduction of a global carbon tax on fossil fuels is tested here as a mitigation strategy to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations and radiative forcing. Taxation of fossil fuels potentially leads to changed composition of energy sources, including a larger relative contribution from bioenergy. Further, the introduction of a mitigation strategy reduces climate-change-induced damage to the global economy, and thus can indirectly affect consumption patterns and investments in agricultural technologies and yield enhancement. Here we assess the implications of changes in bioenergy demand as well as the indirectly caused changes in consumption and crop yields for global and national cropland area and terrestrial biosphere carbon balance. We apply a novel integrated assessment modelling framework, combining three previously published models (a climate–economy model, a socio-economic land use model and an ecosystem model). We develop reference and mitigation scenarios based on the narratives and key elements of the shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs). Taking emissions from the land use sector into account, we find that the introduction of a global carbon tax on the fossil fuel sector is an effective mitigation strategy only for scenarios with low population development and strong sustainability criteria (SSP1 Taking the green road). For scenarios with high population growth, low technological development and bioenergy production the high demand for cropland causes the terrestrial biosphere to switch from being a carbon sink to a source by the end of the 21st century.
EURODELTA-Trends, a multi-model experiment of air quality hindcast in Europe over 1990–2010
Authors: Colette Augustin , Andersson Camilla , Manders Astrid , Mar Kathleen , Mircea Mihaela , Pay Maria-Teresa , Raffort Valentin , Tsyro Svetlana , Cuvelier Cornelius , Adani Mario , Bessagnet Bertrand , Bergström Robert , Briganti Gino , Butler Tim , Cappelletti Andrea , Couvidat Florian , D'Isidoro Massimo , Doumbia Thierno , Fagerli Hilde , Granier Claire , Heyes Chris , Klimont Zig , Ojha Narendra , Otero Noelia , Schaap Martijn , Sindelarova Katarina , Stegehuis Annemiek I. , Roustan Yelva , Vautard Robert , van Meijgaard Erik , Vivanco Marta Garcia , Wind Peter 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The EURODELTA-Trends multi-model chemistry-transport experiment has been designed to facilitate a better understanding of the evolution of air pollution and its drivers for the period 1990–2010 in Europe. The main objective of the experiment is to assess the efficiency of air pollutant emissions mitigation measures in improving regional-scale air quality. The present paper formulates the main scientific questions and policy issues being addressed by the EURODELTA-Trends modelling experiment with an emphasis on how the design and technical features of the modelling experiment answer these questions. The experiment is designed in three tiers, with increasing degrees of computational demand in order to facilitate the participation of as many modelling teams as possible. The basic experiment consists of simulations for the years 1990, 2000, and 2010. Sensitivity analysis for the same three years using various combinations of (i) anthropogenic emissions, (ii) chemical boundary conditions, and (iii) meteorology complements it. The most demanding tier consists of two complete time series from 1990 to 2010, simulated using either time-varying emissions for corresponding years or constant emissions. Eight chemistry-transport models have contributed with calculation results to at least one experiment tier, and five models have – to date – completed the full set of simulations (and 21-year trend calculations have been performed by four models). The modelling results are publicly available for further use by the scientific community. The main expected outcomes are (i) an evaluation of the models' performances for the three reference years, (ii) an evaluation of the skill of the models in capturing observed air pollution trends for the 1990–2010 time period, (iii) attribution analyses of the respective role of driving factors (e.g. emissions, boundary conditions, meteorology), (iv) a dataset based on a multi-model approach, to provide more robust model results for use in impact studies related to human health, ecosystem, and radiative forcing.
SUPECA kinetics for scaling redox reactions in networks of mixed substrates and consumers and an example application to aerobic soil respiration
Authors: Tang Jin-Yun , Riley William J. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Several land biogeochemical models used for studying carbon–climate feedbacks have begun explicitly representing microbial dynamics. However, to our knowledge, there has been no theoretical work on how to achieve a consistent scaling of the complex biogeochemical reactions from microbial individuals to populations, communities, and interactions with plants and mineral soils. We focus here on developing a mathematical formulation of the substrate–consumer relationships for consumer-mediated redox reactions of the form A + BE→  products, where products could be, e.g., microbial biomass or bioproducts. Under the quasi-steady-state approximation, these substrate–consumer relationships can be formulated as the computationally difficult full equilibrium chemistry problem or approximated analytically with the dual Monod (DM) or synthesizing unit (SU) kinetics. We find that DM kinetics is scaling inconsistently for reaction networks because (1) substrate limitations are not considered, (2) contradictory assumptions are made regarding the substrate processing rate when transitioning from single- to multi-substrate redox reactions, and (3) the product generation rate cannot be scaled from one to multiple substrates. In contrast, SU kinetics consistently scales the product generation rate from one to multiple substrates but predicts unrealistic results as consumer abundances reach large values with respect to their substrates. We attribute this deficit to SU's failure to incorporate substrate limitation in its derivation. To address these issues, we propose SUPECA (SU plus the equilibrium chemistry approximation – ECA) kinetics, which consistently imposes substrate and consumer mass balance constraints. We show that SUPECA kinetics satisfies the partition principle, i.e., scaling invariance across a network of an arbitrary number of reactions (e.g., as in Newton's law of motion and Dalton's law of partial pressures). We tested SUPECA kinetics with the equilibrium chemistry solution for some simple problems and found SUPECA outperformed SU kinetics. As an example application, we show that a steady-state SUPECA-based approach predicted an aerobic soil respiration moisture response function that agreed well with laboratory observations. We conclude that, as an extension to SU and ECA kinetics, SUPECA provides a robust mathematical representation of complex soil substrate–consumer interactions and can be applied to improve Earth system model (ESM) land models.
Soft ideal topological space and mixed fuzzy soft ideal topological space
Authors: Borah Manash , Hazarika Bipan 
Published: September 2017

In this paper we introduce fuzzy soft ideal and mixed fuzzy soft ideal topological spaces and some properties of this space. Also we introduce fuzzy soft $I$-open set, fuzzy soft $\alpha$-$I$-open set, fuzzy soft pre-$I$-open set, fuzzy soft semi-$I$-open set and fuzzy soft $\beta$-$I$-open set and discuss some of their properties.
Big and beautiful: the Megaxyela species (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) of East Asia and North America
Authors: Blank Stephan M. , Kramp Katja , Smith David R. , Sundikov Yuri N. , Wei Meicai , Shinohara Akihiko 
Published: September 2017

Megaxyela Ashmead, 1898 comprises 13 species, four of which are described as new and one is removed from synonymy: Megaxyela euchroma Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. from China (Zheijang), M. fulvago Blank, Shinohara & Wei sp. nov. from China (Hunan, Jiangsu, Zhejiang), M. inversa Blank & D.R. Smith sp. nov. from the USA (West Virginia), M. langstoni Ross, 1936 sp. rev. from the eastern USA, and M. pulchra Blank, Shinohara & Sundukov sp. nov. from China (Hubei, Jilin, Liaoning, Shaanxi, Tibet), South Korea (Kangwon-do) and Russia (Primorskiy Kray). The male of M. parki Shinohara, 1992 is described for the first time. A lectotype is designated for M. gigantea Mocsáry, 1909. A cladogram, based on COI sequences of seven species, is presented and interpreted in view of selected morphological characters. Records of M. fulvago sp. nov. from Hunan and of M. pulchra sp. nov. from Tibet extend the known distribution of Megaxyela in the Old World 600 kilometers farther south and 2500 kilometers farther west than previous records.
Formação inicial de professores no embalo das ações didáticas: possiblidades para a autonomia docente
Authors: Macêdo Marly , Romanowski Joana Paulin , Martins Pura Lúcia Oliver 
Published: September 2017

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a Didática na formação inicial do professor no curso de Pedagogia em sua relação com a prática docente. Problematiza a Didática enquanto disciplina voltada à formação de professores articulada à prática docente. A metodologia é de abordagem qualitativa e a análise toma por base registros dos estudantes coletados na autoavaliação, da disciplina Didática do curso de Pedagogia de uma IES da cidade de Curitiba. Os aportes do estudos incluem Martins, Veiga, Romanowski e Santos, e outros, que discutem a compreensão dessa disciplina e sua interlocução com a prática para a formação de professores. Os resultados mostram que a Didática possibilita aos estudantes a compreensão das situações de aprendizagens tendo como ponto de partida a prática social problematizada a partir das vivências e experiências dos docentes e discentes da escola básica.
La problemática constitucional derivada de las técnicas de reproducción humana asistida (TRHA): el caso de la maternidad subrogada
Authors: Ruiz Rico Gerardo 
Published: September 2017

Resumen:Actualmente el uso de las Técnicas de Reproducción Humana Asistida (TRHA) genera algunos interrogantes y cuestiones no resueltos de manera expresa ni suficiente por una regulación constitucional deficitaria en estas materias. El presente estudio se centra en una dimensión, la denominada «maternidad por subrogación», que ha cobrado una importancia y actualidad notables, debido a una jurisprudencia del TEDH, contradictoria con la solución jurisdiccional que se ha dado a este tema en España. Por otro lado, hasta el momento no se ha producido la reforma legal, imprescindible para incorporar al ordenamiento nacional la interpretación correcta de los derechos fundamentales afectados por esa interpretación que se impone desde una esfera convencional.Abstract:Nowadays the use of Assisted Reproduction Techniques has resulted in some unresolved problems and issues not expressly addressed by a lacking constitutional regulation in these matters. This essay focuses on one dimension, the so-called surrogate motherhood which has gained considerable importance and has now become particularly topical due to ECtHR case law, inconsistent with the judicial solution that has been given to this issue in Spain. On the other hand, such a legislative reform, essential to incorporate into national lawthe correct interpretation of the fundamental rights affected by that interpretation imposed from the conventional sphere, has not beencarried out to date.
Les échos de Marc Lescarbot dans l’oeuvre de Gabriel Sagard
Authors: Hebbinckuys Nicolas 
Published: September 2017

Parmi les voyageurs qui décrivent l’histoire de l’Amérique française, deux chroniqueurs se démarquent : Gabriel Sagard et Marc Lescarbot. Sur leur voyage canadien au début du XVIIe siècle, ils publient plusieurs ouvrages dont les plus importants sont l’Histoire de la Nouvelle-France (1609) et l’Histoire du Canada (1636). Cet article analyse les emprunts textuels de Sagard à l’oeuvre de Lescarbot. Il étudie les parallélismes discursifs, questionne l’art du collage et interroge le sens de l’intertextualité, une pratique récurrente dans le genre viatique.
Quantitative comparison of the spreading and invasion of radial growth phase and metastatic melanoma cells in a three-dimensional human skin equivalent model
Authors: Haridas Parvathi , McGovern Jacqui A. , McElwain Sean D.L. , Simpson Matthew J. 
Published: September 2017

BackgroundStandard two-dimensional (2D) cell migration assays do not provide information about vertical invasion processes, which are critical for melanoma progression. We provide information about three-dimensional (3D) melanoma cell migration, proliferation and invasion in a 3D melanoma skin equivalent (MSE) model. In particular, we pay careful attention to compare the structure of the tissues in the MSE with similarly-prepared 3D human skin equivalent (HSE) models. The HSE model is identically prepared to the MSE model except that melanoma cells are omitted. Using the MSE model, we examine melanoma migration, proliferation and invasion from two different human melanoma cell lines. One cell line, WM35, is associated with the early phase of the disease where spreading is thought to be confined to the epidermis. The other cell line, SK-MEL-28, is associated with the later phase of the disease where spreading into the dermis is expected.Methods3D MSE and HSE models are constructed using human de-epidermised dermis (DED) prepared from skin tissue. Primary fibroblasts and primary keratinocytes are used in the MSE and HSE models to ensure the formation of a stratified epidermis, with a well-defined basement membrane. Radial spreading of cells across the surface of the HSE and MSE models is observed. Vertical invasion of melanoma cells downward through the skin is observed and measured using immunohistochemistry. All measurements of invasion are made at day 0, 9, 15 and 20, providing detailed time course data.ResultsBoth HSE and MSE models are similar to native skinin vivo, with a well-defined stratification of the epidermis that is separated from the dermis by a basement membrane. In the HSE and MSE we find fibroblast cells confined to the dermis, and differentiated keratinocytes in the epidermis. In the MSE, melanoma cells form colonies in the epidermis during the early part of the experiment. In the later stage of the experiment, the melanoma cells in the MSE invade deeper into the tissues. Interestingly, both the WM35 and SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells lead to a breakdown of the basement membrane and eventually enter the dermis. However, these two cell lines invade at different rates, with the SK-MEL-28 melanoma cells invading faster than the WM35 cells.DiscussionThe MSE and HSE models are a reliable platform for studying melanoma invasion in a 3D tissue that is similar to native human skin. Interestingly, we find that the WM35 cell line, that is thought to be associated with radial spreading only, is able to invade into the dermis. The vertical invasion of melanoma cells into the dermal region appears to be associated with a localised disruption of the basement membrane. Presenting our results in terms of time course data, along with images and quantitative measurements of the depth of invasion extends previous 3D work that has often been reported without these details.
INDOOR THERMAL COMFORT ASSESSMENT OF NATURALLY VENTILATED ATRIUMS IN SINGAPORE
Authors: Hien Wong Nyuk , Gabriela Osrithalita , Tan Erna , Jusuf Steve Kardinal 
Published: September 2017

This research looks into the aspect of Thermal Comfort (TC) in naturally ventilated (NV) buildings, in this case NV atriums. Compared to fully air-conditioned buildings, NV buildings tend to have better indoor air quality (IAQ), but worse TC. Therefore, this research investigates the range of acceptable temperature and wind speed in order to achieve thermal comfort for naturally ventilated atriums. Data was collected through field survey in three different buildings of NV atriums and were used to develop and validate the TC model. The data collected from field survey represent visitors’ TC perception in atrium environment, and in-situ environmental measurement also records the characteristics of NV atrium in each area, such as solar radiation, air temperature, relative humidity, and intermittent wind. At the same time with the indoor field survey, a weather station was installed on the roof of the building to measure the micro-meteorological condition. Thermal comfort prediction model was developed from the statistical analysis of the field survey data. The acceptable range to achieve thermal comfort for NV atrium was analyzed. The air temperature of 31°C was determined as the boundary condition. Based on the result of Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) formula, PMV 1 is the highest acceptable value with wind speed required is 0.51 m/s and PMV 0.8 is recommended to achieve the best thermal comfort with wind speed required is 0.78 m/s.
The Impact of Satellite‐Derived Land Surface Temperatures on Numerical Weather Prediction Analyses and Forecasts
Authors: Candy B. , Saunders R. W. , Ghent D. , Bulgin C. E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractLand surface temperature (LST) observations from a variety of satellite instruments operating in the infrared have been compared to estimates of surface temperature from the Met Office operational numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. The comparisons show that during the day the NWP model can underpredict the surface temperature by up to 10 K in certain regions such as the Sahel and southern Africa. By contrast at night the differences are generally smaller. Matchups have also been performed between satellite LSTs and observations from an in situ radiometer located in Southern England within a region of mixed land use. These matchups demonstrate good agreement at night and suggest that the satellite uncertainties in LST are less than 2 K. The Met Office surface analysis scheme has been adapted to utilize nighttime LST observations. Experiments using these analyses in an NWP model have shown a benefit to the resulting forecasts of near‐surface air temperature, particularly over Africa.