bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Potential misdiagnosis of von Willebrand disease and haemophilia caused by ineffective mixing of thawed plasma
Authors: Favaloro E. J. , Oliver S. , Mohammed S. , Ahuja M. , Grzechnik E. , Azimulla S. , McDonald J. , Lima‐Oliveira G. , Lippi G. 
Published: July 2017

Introductionvon Willebrand disease (VWD) reflects a loss or dysfunction in von Willebrand factor (VWF), while haemophilia represents a loss or dysfunction of clotting factors such as factor VIII (FVIII) or FIX. Their diagnosis requires laboratory testing, with this potentially compromised by preanalytical events, including poor sample quality. This study assessed the effect of inadequate mixing as a potential cause of VWD and haemophilia misdiagnosis.MethodsAfter completion of requested testing, 48 consecutive patient samples comprising separate aliquots from single collections were individually pooled, appropriately mixed, then frozen in separate aliquots, either at −20°C or −80°C for 2‐7 days. Each sample set was then thawed and the separate aliquots subjected to separate mixing protocols (several inversions, blood roller, vortex) vs a non‐mix sample, and all aliquots then tested for various VWF and factor assays.ResultsNon‐mixing led to substantial reduction in VWF and factors in about 25% of samples, that in some cases could lead to misdiagnosis of VWD or haemophilia. Interestingly, there were also some differences observed with respect to different mixing protocols.ConclusionsOur study identified ineffective or variable mixing of thawed plasma samples as potential causes of misdiagnosis of VWD or haemophilia. Further education regarding the importance of appropriate mixing appears warranted.
Synthesis, structural characterization, and photocatalytic activity of Bi‐based nanoparticles
Authors: Nuñez‐Briones Adriana , García‐Cerda Luis , Rodríguez‐Hernández Joelis , Aguilar‐González Miguel , Puente‐Urbina Bertha , Mendoza‐Mendoza Esmeralda 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBi‐based nanoparticles were successfully synthesized (500°C/2 h) following two intermediate‐temperature routes, Pechini and a combined method of mechanical milling/molten salts. Herein, α‐Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3 heterostructures were identified. These types of heterostructures have shown advantages to improve the visible light responsive activity of Bi‐based nanoparticles to facilitate the separation of photogenerated electron‐hole pairs. By fixing the experimental parameters, the synthesis route and Ag contents showed to play a very important role in the phase composition of the Ag‐containing samples; the formation of Bi/Ag‐Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3 and Ag/Ag‐Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3 complex hybrid structures were revealed. The α‐Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3 heterostructure prepared by combined method exhibited higher photocatalytic efficiency (66.84%) for degrading methylene blue (MB) depending on Bi2O2CO3 component proportion. For the Ag‐containing hybrid structures, the performance of their catalytic activity did not show an increase with respect to α‐Bi2O3/Bi2O2CO3. However, in these samples, the degradation efficiency was slightly enhanced with the efficient doping of Ag into the α‐Bi2O3 structure and the existence of Bi when the Pechini method was used. Also, a possible photocatalytic process for degrading MB is presented.
Ubiquitous yet Ambiguous: An Integrative Review of Unpaid Work
Authors: Grant‐Smith Deanna , McDonald Paula 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe expansion of participation in unpaid work such as internships, volunteering and educationally focused work placements may constitute evidence of deleterious changes to labour markets increasingly characterized by competition, precarious work and prolonged transitions to secure employment. Unpaid work, although under‐researched, is increasingly relevant in times of ubiquitous unpaid internships and the use of volunteers in roles that would have been previously paid. Yet there remains a lack of clarity in terminology and focus across studies of unpaid work. This review article addresses this concern through two primary aims. First, we review the available literature around unpaid work setting out five themes: characterizations of unpaid work; the prevalence and underlying drivers of unpaid work; the apparent benefits of participation; the costs of participation; and regulatory and structural responses to unpaid work. Together, these themes set out a holistic interpretation of the accumulated state of knowledge in this area of inquiry including the implications for organizations, employers, higher education institutions, policy makers and unpaid workers. The second aim is to synthesise the current and emerging insights arising from the review as a matrix which delineates four distinct forms of unpaid work along two dimensions – purpose of participation and level of participatory discretion. The review and resulting matrix provides conceptual clarity around unpaid work practices that informs future research. It also raises pragmatic implications for institutional and managerial decision‐making which is cognisant of the range of risks, costs, benefits and ethical issues associated with unpaid work.
Estimation of inbreeding depression on female fertility in the Finnish Ayrshire population
Authors: Martikainen K. , Tyrisevä A. M. , Matilainen K. , Pösö J. , Uimari P. 
Published: July 2017

SummarySingle nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data enable the estimation of inbreeding at the genome level. In this study, we estimated inbreeding levels for 19,075 Finnish Ayrshire cows genotyped with a low‐density SNP panel (8K). The genotypes were imputed to 50K density, and after quality control, 39,144 SNPs remained for the analysis. Inbreeding coefficients were estimated for each animal based on the percentage of homozygous SNPs (FPH), runs of homozygosity (FROH) and pedigree (FPED). Phenotypic records were available for 13,712 animals including non‐return rate (NRR), number of inseminations (AIS) and interval from first to last insemination (IFL) for heifers and up to three parities for cows, as well as interval from calving to first insemination (ICF) for cows. Average FPED was 0.02, FROH 0.06 and FPH 0.63. A correlation of 0.71 was found between FPED and FROH, 0.66 between FPED and FPH and 0.94 between FROH and FPH. Pedigree‐based inbreeding coefficients did not show inbreeding depression in any of the traits. However, when FROH or FPH was used as a covariate, significant inbreeding depression was observed; a 10% increase in FROH was associated with 5 days longer IFL0 and IFL1, 2 weeks longer IFL3 and 3 days longer ICF2 compared to non‐inbred cows.
Is periodontitis associated with halitosis? A systematic review and meta‐regression analysis
Authors: Silva Manuela F. , Cademartori Mariana G. , Leite Fábio R. M. , López Rodrigo , Demarco Flávio F. , Nascimento Gustavo G. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAimTo systematically review the literature in order to investigate a potential association between periodontitis and halitosis.MethodsElectronic searches were performed in four different databases: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scielo. Population‐based observational studies that tested the association between periodontitis and halitosis were included. Additionally, meta‐analysis, meta‐regression and subgroup analyses were performed to synthesize the evidence.ResultsA total of 1,107 articles were identified in electronic searches; out of which, five were included within the meta‐analysis. Pooled estimates revealed that individuals with periodontitis presented 3.16 times higher odds (OR 3.16; 95% CI: 1.12–8.95) of having halitosis. Meta‐regression and subgroups analyses showed that criteria used for halitosis and periodontitis assessment explained nearly 45% and 24% of heterogeneity between studies, respectively.ConclusionsPositive association between periodontitis and halitosis was found in pooled results of population‐based observational studies. However, this evidence is derived from cross‐sectional studies.
Is mitotic rate still useful in the management of patients with thin melanoma?
Authors: Tejera‐Vaquerizo A. , Pérez‐Cabello G. , Marínez‐Leborans L. , Gallego E. , Oliver‐Martínez V. , Martín‐Cuevas P. , Arias‐Santiago S. , Aneiros‐Fernández J. , Herrera‐Acosta E. , Traves V. , Herrera‐Ceballos E. , Nagore E. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackgroundT1 melanoma substaging was recently modified by the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC). Although sentinel lymph node (SLN) positivity is the most important prognostic factor in melanoma, there is a lack of consensus on whether SLN biopsy should be performed in patients with thin melanoma (≤1 mm).ObjectiveThe main aim of this study was to investigate predictors of SLN positivity in patients with thin melanoma, with a special emphasis on mitotic rate. A secondary aim was to evaluate survival in this group of patients.Materials and MethodsRetrospective multicenter observational study with analysis of age, sex, tumour location, thickness, mitotic rate, regression and microscopic satellites. Predictive factors were identified using a classification and regression tree (CART) approach. Melanoma‐specific survival according to SLN status was estimated using Kaplan–Meier curves.ResultsWe analysed 203 patients with a melanoma ≤1 mm. Using the new AJCC staging criteria, the CART algorithm identified a 7.5% likelihood of SLN positivity in T1a patients. In the case of T1b melanoma, there was a 14.3% likelihood of SLN positivity in patients with a mitotic rate >1 mitosis/mm2 and a 3.2% likelihood in those with ≤1 mitoses/mm2. None of the patients with T1b disease who had ≤1 mitoses/mm2 and regression had SLN positivity. In T1b patients, 5‐year melanoma‐specific survival was 98.7% in the SLN‐negative group and 75% in the SLN‐positive group (P = 0.05). When stratified by mitotic rate, survival was 100% for patients with a mitotic rate of ≤1 mitoses/mm2 and 91.4% for those with >1 mitosis/mm2 (P = 0.022). There were no deaths in the T1a subgroup.ConclusionsSentinel lymph node metastasis was less common in patients with T1b melanoma who had a mitotic rate of ≤1 mitoses/mm2. Performance of SLN biopsy should be carefully considered in this subgroup of patients, particularly considering the good prognosis.
Morphology, Ultrastructure, and Molecular Phylogeny of Rozella multimorpha, a New Species in Cryptomycota
Authors: Letcher Peter M. , Longcore Joyce E. , James Timothy Y. , Leite Domingos S. , Simmons David Rabern , Powell Martha J. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIncreasing numbers of sequences of basal fungi from environmental DNA studies are being deposited in public databases. Many of these sequences remain unclassified below the phylum level because sequence information from identified species is sparse. Lack of basic biological knowledge due to a dearth of identified species is extreme in Cryptomycota, a new phylum widespread in the environment and phylogenetically basal within the fungal lineage. Consequently, we are attempting to fill gaps in the knowledge of Rozella, the best‐known genus in this lineage. Rozella is a genus of unwalled, holocarpic, endobiotic parasites of hosts including Chytridiomycota, Blastocladiomycota, Oomycota, Basidiomycota, and a green alga, with most species descriptions based on morphology and host specificity. We found a Rozella parasitizing a Pythium host that was a saprobe on spruce pollen bait placed with an aquatic sample. We characterized the parasite with light microscopy, TEM of its zoospores and sporangia, and its 18S/28S rDNA. Comparison with other Rozella species indicates that the new isolate differs morphologically, ultrastructurally, and genetically from Rozella species for which we have data. Features of the zoospore also differ from those of previously studied species. Herein we describe the Rozella as a new species, R. multimorpha.
Long‐term efficient control of SIV infection in macaques is associated with an intact intestinal barrier
Authors: Daskalaki Maria , Neumann Berit , Klippert Antonina , Mätz‐Rensing Kerstin , Kaup Franz‐Josef , Stahl‐Hennig Christiane 
Published: July 2017

AbstractHallmarks of SIV infection are early depletion of gut CD4 T cells and diminished intestinal integrity. Comprehensive studies on colon biopsies of SIV‐infected macaques efficiently controlling infection revealed that in contrast to viremic and failing controllers, elite controllers show preserved CD4 T cells, and low viral load, apoptosis, and inflammation.
Emerging diagnostic challenges and characteristics of simian betaretrovirus infections in captive macaque colonies
Authors: Yee JoAnn L. , Grant Richard , Van Rompay Koen K. , Kuller LaRene , Carpenter Amanda , Watanabe Robin , Huebner Rebeca , Agricola Brian , Smedley Jeremy , Roberts Jeffrey A. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractTo better understand Simian betaretrovirus (SRV) seropositivity in virus‐negative macaques, we transfused blood from SRV‐infected or suspect donors into immunosuppressed naive recipients. Our results do not support typical SRV1‐5 infection as the cause, but provide evidence for several possibilities including serological artifact, new/different SRV, or an endogenous virus.
CD4+ Cell infiltration into subcutaneous adipose tissue is not indicative of productively infected cells during acute SHIV infection
Authors: Hsu Denise C. , Wegner Matthew D. , Sunyakumthorn Piyanate , Silsorn Decha , Tayamun Sujitra , Inthawong Dutsadee , Kuncharin Yanin , Im‐Erbsin Rawiwan , Ege Christine , O'Connell Robert J. , Michael Nelson L. , Ndhlovu Lishomwa C. , Vasan Sandhya 
Published: July 2017

AbstractLimited longitudinal data exist on the effect of HIV on adipose tissue (AT). We found an increase in CD4+ cells and detectable SHIV‐RNA in AT during acute SHIV infection. SHIV‐RNA+ cells were rare, suggesting that AT is unlikely to be a major source of productively infected cells in SHIV infection.
Climate Change, Climate Justice, and Environmental Health: Implications for the Nursing Profession
Authors: Nicholas Patrice K. , Breakey Suellen 
Published: July 2017

AbstractPurposeClimate change is an emerging challenge linked to negative outcomes for the environment and human health. Since the 1960s, there has been a growing recognition of the need to address climate change and the impact of greenhouse gas emissions implicated in the warming of our planet. There are also deleterious health outcomes linked to complex climate changes that are emerging in the 21st century. This article addresses the social justice issues associated with climate change and human health and discussion of climate justice.Organizing ConstructDiscussion paper.MethodsA literature search of electronic databases was conducted for articles, texts, and documents related to climate change, climate justice, and human health.FindingsThe literature suggests that those who contribute least to global warming are those who will disproportionately be affected by the negative health outcomes of climate change. The concept of climate justice and the role of the Mary Robinson Foundation—Climate Justice are discussed within a framework of nursing's professional responsibility and the importance of social justice for the world's people. The nursing profession must take a leadership role in engaging in policy and advocacy discussions in addressing the looming problems associated with climate change.ConclusionsNursing organizations have adopted resolutions and engaged in leadership roles to address climate change at the local, regional, national, and global level. It is essential that nurses embrace concepts related to social justice and engage in the policy debate regarding the deleterious effects on human health related to global warming and climate change. Nursing's commitment to social justice offers an opportunity to offer significant global leadership in addressing the health implications related to climate change.Clinical RelevanceRecognizing the negative impacts of climate change on well‐being and the underlying socioeconomic reasons for their disproportionate and inequitable distribution can expand and optimize the profession's role in education, practice, research, and policy‐making efforts to address climate change.
Intrahospital transfers and adverse patient outcomes: An analysis of administrative health data
Authors: Blay Nicole , Roche Michael , Duffield Christine , Xu Xiaoyue 
Published: July 2017

Aims and objectivesTo determine whether there was an association between intra‐hospital transfers and adverse outcomes.BackgroundTransfers between clinical units and between beds on the same unit are routine aspects of an episode of care in acute hospitals. The rate of these transfers per episode has increased in response to high occupancy levels, a decline in bed numbers, and increased demand for hospital services. The impact of the number of transfers between both wards and beds on patient outcomes is not widely explored.DesignRetrospective cross sectional design using hospital administrative data.MethodData were extracted from existing hospital administrative datasets for one large metropolitan hospital for the financial year 2008–09 in Australia (n = 14,133). Descriptive analyses and logistic regression models were developed for each of 3 selected patient outcomes.ResultsNearly one‐tenth of patients (9.2%) experienced a fall with injury, 3.8% of surgical patients a wound infection and 0.1% a complication from medication errors. For each bed or ward transfer, the odds of falls and wound infections increased. Medication errors were not associated with either bed or ward moves.ConclusionHospitals should minimise the number of bed and ward transfers per episode of care in order to reduce the likelihood of adverse patient outcomes. Current bed management policies and practices should be evaluated and further refined to address this need. Additional strategies include improving coordination and communication during and after transfer.Relevance to clinical practiceNurses must consider the potential cost of intrahospital transfers on patients, length of stay and bed availability.
Parents’ willingness to invest in their children's oral health
Authors: Berendsen Jannetje , Bonifacio Clarissa , van Gemert‐Schriks Martine , van Loveren Cor , Verrips Erik , Duijster Denise 
Published: July 2017

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate parents’ Willingness to Invest (WTI) in their children's oral health in terms of money, visits to a dental practice, and brushing minutes. Objectives were to assess the association between parents’ WTI and a) children's dental caries experience, b) children's oral hygiene behavior (OHB), and c) maternal education level and ethnic background.MethodsA sample of 630 five to six‐year‐old‐children was recruited from pediatric dental centers in the Netherlands. Children's dmft scores were extracted from personal dental records. Parental questionnaires were used to collect data on parents’ WTI, children's OHB, maternal education level and ethnicity.ResultsOn average, parents were willing to spend a maximum of €37 per month, 3.0 dental visits per year, and 4.5 brushing minutes per day to maintain good oral health for their child. The mean dmft was significantly higher in children whose parents were willing to pay more money and visit the dentist more often (P = 0.028 and P = 0.002, respectively), while the mean dmft was significantly lower in children of parents who were willing to invest more brushing minutes (P < 0.001). Parental WTI in terms of money and brushing minutes was higher in native and higher‐educated parents, and was associated with more favorable OHB of children.ConclusionsParents’ WTI in their children's oral health is related to children's dental caries status and reported OHB. Results suggest that children are better off when parents are willing to invest in self‐care, rather than in money or dental visits.
Hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with chronic hepatitis C and cirrhosis in Denmark: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Hallager S. , Ladelund S. , Kjær M. , Madsen L. G. , Belard E. , Laursen A. L. , Gerstoft J. , Røge B. T. , Grønbæk K. E. , Krarup H. B. , Christensen P. B. , Weis N. 
Published: July 2017

SummaryCirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and surveillance with ultrasound (US) and alpha‐fetoprotein (AFP) is recommended. This study aimed to estimate changes in the HCC incidence rate (IR) over time, HCC stage and prognosis, and AFP and US performed in patients with hepatitis C and cirrhosis. Eligible patients were identified in the Danish Database for Hepatitis B and C, and data from national health registries and patient charts were obtained. Tumour stage was based on Barcelona‐Clinic Liver Cancer stage, TNM classification and size and number of lesions combined into stages 0‐3. We included 1075 patients with hepatitis C and cirrhosis, free of HCC and liver transplant at baseline. During 4988 person years (PY), 115 HCC cases were diagnosed. The HCC incidence rate increased from 0.8/100 PY [CI95% 0.4‐1.5] in 2002‐2003 to 2.9/100 PY [2.4‐3.4] in 2012‐2013. One‐year cumulative incidence of at least one AFP or US was 53% among all patients. The positive predictive value of an AFP ≥ 20 ng mL−1 was 17%. Twenty‐three (21%) patients were diagnosed with early‐stage HCC (stage 0/1) and 84 (79%) with late stage. Median survival after HCC for early‐stage HCC disease was 30.1 months and 7.4 months for advanced HCC (stage 2/3). The incidence rate of HCC increased over time among patients with hepatitis C and cirrhosis in Denmark. Application of AFP and US was suboptimal, and most patients were diagnosed with advanced HCC with a poor prognosis.
Dissecting the dynamics of trans‐generational immune priming
Authors: Kurtz Joachim , Armitage Sophie A. O. 
Published: July 2017

The transfer of immunity from mother to offspring is a central way to endow the offspring with increased protection against pathogens. This phenomenon is not only found within the vertebrate domain: in some circumstances, invertebrate mothers can also give their offspring an immune kick‐start, which is termed trans‐generational immune priming (TGIP). TGIP has been uncovered for a number of invertebrate species, but it is not ubiquitously evident. The reasons for which are not known. In this issue of Molecular Ecology, Tate, Andolfatto, Demuth, and Graham () probe the molecular underpinnings of TGIP in concert with the temporal dynamics of the response in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, infected with the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Figure ). They provide previously lacking evidence for the repeatability of TGIP, meaning that when averaged across several experiments, the offspring of mothers infected with heat‐killed bacteria had better survival when they themselves were infected with live bacteria than offspring from mothers that had not encountered the bacterium. In a detailed temporal examination of the offspring's acute infection phase (zero to 24 hr after infection), Tate et al. () follow T. castaneum's gene regulation responses to infection while simultaneously documenting bacterial load. Such an approach gives considerable insight into the physiological processes that occur in primed offspring, and a first glance at a potential role for tolerance and effects on host metabolism that might even resemble trained immunity, which is a form of innate immune memory in vertebrates.