bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penambahan Rempah dan Bentuk Minuman terhadap Aktivitas Antioksidan Berbagai Minuman Tradisional Indonesia
Authors: Septiana Aisyah Tri , Samsi Mohammad , Mustaufik Mustaufik 
Published: March 2017

Indonesia traditional beverages such as minuman jahe, kunyit asam, beras kencur, and minuman temulawak are usually made with the addition of spices. They can be served in the form of liquid or powder. This research was aimed to study the effect of the beverage type, addition of spices, and the form of product on their antioxidant activity. The type of sugar used in this study was palm sugar juice. Total phenolic contents were measured to indicate the level of antioxidants. Measurement of antioxidant activity was conducted by analyzing malonaldehyde from linoleic acid and capturing capacity of DPPH radical. The results showed that Indonesian traditional beverage could inhibit the oxidation of linoleic acid and capture free radicals. Free radical capturing capacity of curcuma beverage greater than other beverages, but the malonaldehyde (MDA) inhibitor effect was not different. Total phenolic content of curcuma tended to be higher than the other traditional beverages. The addition of spices could raise the level of total phenolic content in beverages and increase free radical trapping capacity. Drying the beverages into powder could reduce the levels of total phenolic content and but did not reduce the antioxidant activity. ABSTRAKMinuman tradisional Indonesia seperti minuman jahe, kunyit asam, beras kencur, dan minuman temulawak biasanya dibuat dengan tambahan berbagai rempah. Minuman tersebut dapat disajikan dalam bentuk cair maupun serbuk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh jenis minuman, penambahan rempah tambahan, dan bentuk minuman terhadap aktivitas antioksidan minuman. Jenis gula yang ditambahkan adalah gula nira. Jenis antioksidan yang diuji adalah total fenolik. Pengukuran aktivitas antioksidan dilakukan dengan uji penghambatan malonaldehid dan kapasitas penangkapan radikal DPPH. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa minuman tradisional Indonesia dapat menghambat oksidasi asam linoleat dan menangkap radikal bebas. Kapasitas penangkapan radikal bebas oleh minuman temulawak lebih besar dibandingkan minuman yang lain tetapi kemampuan penghambatan malonaldehid (MDA) oleh minumaan tradisional tidak berbeda. Total fenolik minuman temulawak cenderung lebih besar dibandingkan minuman tradisional yang lain. Penambahan rempah-rempah dapat meningkatkan kadar total fenolik minuman dan meningkatkan kapasitas penangkapan radikal bebas. Pembuatan minuman serbuk pada penelitian ini dapat menurunkan kadar total fenolik tetapi tidak menurunkan aktivitas antioksidan.
Aplikasi Analisis Multivariat Berdasarkan Warna untuk Memprediksi Brix dan pH pada Pisang
Authors: Akbar Yohanita Maulina , Masithoh Dr. Rudiati Evi , Khuriyati Nafis 
Published: March 2017

In this research, Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) model was used to predict Brix and pH of banana based on RGB and Lab color values. Banana samples varied in color and ripening level from less ripen to ripen. RGB and Lab values were measured non-destructively using colormeter, while Brix and pH were determined using conventional method in laboratory. Multivariate analysis was done using the Unscrambler ® X 10.3 (CAMO, AS, OLSO, Norway, and trial version). Results showed that calibration model using MLR was able to predict Brix and pH of banana based on RGB and Lab color values. Furthermore, validation data were used to test the selected models. MLR model to predict Brix based on RGB and Lab validation resulted in 0.8 and 0.84 of determination coefficient between observation and prediction data. The model was also able to predict pH based on RGB and Lab values with 0.71 and 0.79 of determination coefficient between observation and prediction data. ABSTRAKPada penelitian ini, model Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) digunakan untuk memprediksi Brix dan pH pada buah pisang berdasarkan nilai warna Red Green Blue (RGB) dan Lab. Pisang yang dianalisis mempunyai variasi warna dari kurang masak sampai masak. Parameter warna RGB dan Lab dilakukan secara non-destruktif dengan menggunakan colormeter, sedangkan pengukuran kualitas internal yaitu Brix dan pH ditentukan secara destruktif atau dengan prosedur konvensional di laboratorium. Aplikasi analisis multivariat yang digunakan adalah Unscrambler ® X 10.3 (CAMO, AS, OLSO, Norway, versi trial). Analisis data menunjukkan bahwa model kalibrasi MLR dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi Brix dan pH berdasarkan parameter warna RGB dan Lab pada buah pisang. Selanjutnya, data validasi digunakan untuk menguji model MLR terpilih. Model kalibrasi MLR dapat memprediksi Brix berdasarkan nilai RGB dan Lab dengan nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,8 dan 0,84, secara berurutan. Sedangkan koefisien determinasi (R2) untuk pH berdasarkan warna RGB dan Lab adalah 0,71 dan 0,79.
Build It and the Women Will Come? WTSN and the Advent of Canadian Digital Television
Authors: Neverson Nicole 
Published: March 2017

In fall 2001, over 200 digital television channels were launched in Canada. One of those channels was WTSN (Women’s Television Sports Network)—the world’s first 24-hour television network exclusively dedicated to broadcasting women’s sports. In the fall of 2003, however, WTSN ceased broadcasting operations. This analysis of CRTC policies and personal interview data with Canadian media members argues that while the demise of WTSN can be attributed to the unfortunate pitfalls associated with early digital television rollout and cultural policies, the network’s downfall is best explained in substantially more ideological terms. From the outset, WTSN entered uncharted waters in the Canadian television sport landscape, attempting to showcase women’s sports to a predominantly female audience—a demographic that has yet to materialize for mainstream sports programming.
Going with the Flow: Neoliberalism and Cultural Policy in Manitoba and Saskatchewan
Authors: Jeannotte M. Sharon 
Published: March 2017

This article examines the impact that the neoliberal “tide” of the 1980s and 1990s has had on cultural policies in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. It analyzes these developments in the context of the dominant political ideology that preceded neoliberalism in these provinces—social democracy. In Manitoba neoliberalism has been tempered by tensions between the centre and the hinterland, while in Saskatchewan it has been mitigated by tensions between the professional and community-based cultural organizations. Decision-makers have “gone with the neoliberal flow” in some respects, but have had to balance this with the traditional forces that have shaped cultural policy during the past 50 years.
Challenging Convictions: Indigenous and Black Race-Radical Feminists Theorizing the Carceral State and Abolitionist Praxis in the United States and Canada
Authors: Palacios Lena 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This essay, with accompanying lesson plan, explores how race-radical women of color feminist activists—in particular, Black and indigenous feminists—identify, conceptualize, theorize, and resist the carceral state violence of white settler societies in both Canada and the United States. This critical ethnic studies intervention focuses on the theoretical interventions driven by indigenous and Black race-radical feminists and how this has placed these activists at the forefront of anti-violence movement-building. Such an intervention specifically upholds the tensions within and refuses to collapse the radical and revolutionary political traditions and approaches of Indigenous movements for sovereignty and Black race-radical liberatory traditions. This transnational, comparative focus helps us to not only identify and understand but to create multiple strategies that dismantle the carceral state and the racialized gendered violence that it mobilizes and sustains. This essay asks the following questions which move beyond introspection or interrogation of texts about violence into compelling conversations that highlight the interlocking nature of interpersonal, sexual, and carceral state violence: How have indigenous and race-radical feminists identified and theorized the legitimized violence of the carceral state? What questions have those diverse identifications and theoretical understandings led activist scholars currently theorizing the carceral state to ask? And what insights have those critiques generated in the activist scholarship on social movements dedicated to anti-racist, feminist anti-violence, Indigenous decolonial, and anti-prison abolitionist praxis? Proceeding from the argument that both prison abolitionist praxis and race-radical feminist praxis are inherently and primarily pedagogical, the accompanying lesson plan attempts to explore the multiple ways Indigenous and race-radical women of color feminists learn, teach, and organize about carceral logics and prison abolition inside and outside the classroom in a manner that teaches against the grain of carceral common sense.
Signifying, Narrativizing, and Repetition: Radical Approaches to Theorizing African American Language
Authors: Williams-Farrier Bonnie J. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
Code-switching and code-meshing pedagogies, though they are two vastly different approaches, do not consider that some features of African American Verbal Tradition (AVT) are and/or have become rhetorically effective mainstream communication structures in academic writing. This article explores how teaching language/dialect difference in majority white school settings, using contrastive-analysis techniques such as code switching may have highly negative effects on African American Language (AAL) speakers. Code-switching maintains that AAL and other “non-standard” language varieties are only appropriate for use in the home or social settings. Thus, as an alternative to code-switching pedagogical practices, the author introduces a comparative approach that may be applied across all minority language groups. This technique highlights African and African American contributions to standardized American written communication structures and demonstrates the value of AVT in academic settings. In the accompanying lesson plan, students are invited to think about how the English language, as a field, is constantly evolving and changing in our diverse, ever-widening international community; they are then given opportunities to use various writing instruction pedagogies to articulate theories, histories, methods, and practices.
A Black Feminist Interpretation: Reading Life, Pedagogy, and Emilie
Authors: Gist Conra D. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract
This article examines the ways in which black feminism—as a concept, an applied theory, and a safety net—functions as a critical social theory designed to assist students in understanding the multiple ways that black and brown women are marginalized through institutionalized structures and practices. Drawing heavily upon the work of Patricia Hill Collins, this article defines and explains black feminist critical pedagogy arguing that it is a critical knowledge project that generates knowledge and creates theories that allow for analysis, critique, and evaluation of how black women are situated as social agents in society. Using the pocket diaries of Emilie Frances Davis, a 19th century freeborn woman, as both a teaching tool and a forensic historical investigatory tool, students will examine the ideas of black feminism and actively apply it as a lens to interpret essays, articles, video clips, and music lyrics. The lesson plan is also designed to provide students with foundational exposure and meaning making experiences in black feminist thought as research tool and as a system of thought for reading and interpreting texts and the social world. Additionally, this essay includes a second lesson plan developed by Karsonya Wise Whitehead (the author of Notes from a Colored Girl) that builds upon the author’s work to apply a black feminist lens to the work of Emilie Frances Davis.
Acute Flaccid Paralysis with Acute Encephalitis Syndrome at a tertiary care centre of eastern Nepal
Authors: Chaudhary Shipra , Singh Rupa Rajbhandari , Bhatta Nisha Keshary , Shah Gauri Shankar , Agrawal Jyoti 
Published: March 2017

Background & Objectives: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) can have widely varied presentation. Hence this study was done to find out clinical features and outcome of Acute Enecphalitis Syndrome (AES) with Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP).Materials & Methods: A Prospective hospital-based study was carried out over one-year period, including all cases fulfilling AFP case definition. All cases of AFP meeting AES definition were further analysed in terms of history, clinical examination, investigations and outcome. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 17. Results: Out of total 43 children with AFP, 23 (53.5%) children had AES. Amongst AFP with AES, altered mental status and seizures were present in 87% and 74% respectively. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) was 7.61±3.65. Predominant weakness pattern was quadriparesis (87%). Cerebrospinal fluid was abnormal in 11 (47.9%) children with Japanese encephalitis (JE) positive 8.7%. Amongst 60.9% children with complications, respiratory failure (52.1%) was the most common. During 60-day follow-up, 11 (47.9%) children expired while 2 (8.7%) still had residual paralysis. Conclusion: AES is one of the common causes of AFP besides other causes. AFP with AES is commonly associated with quadriparesis, low GCS, respiratory complications, neurological sequelae and a high mortality. Thus, this study stresses upon the importance of AES surveillance along with AFP surveillance.
The interpeduncular fossa approach for resection of ventromedial midbrain lesions
Authors: Kalani M. Yashar S. , Yağmurlu Kaan , Spetzler Robert F. 
Published: March 2017

The authors describe the interpeduncular fossa safe entry zone as a route for resection of ventromedial midbrain lesions. To illustrate the utility of this novel safe entry zone, the authors provide clinical data from 2 patients who underwent contralateral orbitozygomatic transinterpeduncular fossa approaches to deep cavernous malformations located medial to the oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve [CN] III). These cases are supplemented by anatomical information from 6 formalin-fixed adult human brainstems and 4 silicone-injected adult human cadaveric heads on which the fiber dissection technique was used.The interpeduncular fossa may be incised to resect anteriorly located lesions that are medial to the oculomotor nerve and can serve as an alternative to the anterior mesencephalic safe entry zone (i.e., perioculomotor safe entry zone) for resection of ventromedial midbrain lesions. The interpeduncular fossa safe entry zone is best approached using a modified orbitozygomatic craniotomy and uses the space between the mammillary bodies and the top of the basilar artery to gain access to ventromedial lesions located in the ventral mesencephalon and medial to the oculomotor nerve.
Extrinsic feedback and upper limb motor skill learning in typically-developing children and children with cerebral palsy: Review
Authors: Robert Maxime T. , Sambasivan Krithika , Levin Mindy F. 
Published: March 2017

Background: Improvment of upper limb motor skills occurs through motor learning that can be enhanced by providing extrinsic feedback. Different types and frequencies of feedback are discussed but specific guidelines for use of feedback for motor learning in typically-developing (TD) children and children with Cerebral Palsy (CP) are not available. Objective: Identify the most effective modalities and frequencies of feedback for improving upper limb motor skills in TD children and children with CP. Methods: Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane, PEDro and PubMed-NCBI were searched from 1950 to December 2015 to identify English-language articles addressing the role of extrinsic feedback on upper limb motor learning in TD children and children with CP. Nine studies were selected with a total of 243 TD children and 102 children with CP. Study quality was evaluated using the Downs and Black scale and levels of evidence were determined with Sackett’s quality ratings. Results: There was a lack of consistency in the modalities and frequencies of feedback delivery used to improve motor learning in TD children and in children with CP. Moreover, the complexity of the task to be learned influenced the degree of motor learning achieved. Conclusion: A better understanding of the influence of feedback on motor learning is needed to optimize motor skill acquisition in children with CP.
Development of microsatellite markers using Illumina MiSeq sequencing to characterize Ephedra gerardiana (Ephedraceae)
Authors: De Ji , Zhu Weidong , Liu Tianmeng , Wang Zhe , Zhong Yang 
Published: March 2017

Premise of the study:Ephedra gerardiana (Ephedraceae), occurring in the Himalayan ranges, is an important plant species used in Tibetan medicine. Due to the lack of molecular markers to characterize genetic diversity, knowledge for conservation and uses of E. gerardiana resources is limited; we therefore developed microsatellite markers for use in this species.Methods and Results:Using Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology, we developed 29 polymorphic microsatellite loci suitable for E. gerardiana, of which 15 loci also showed polymorphisms in two related Ephedra species, E. saxatilis and E. monosperma. The average number of effective alleles per locus ranged from two to six. The observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.23 to 0.83 and 0.44 to 0.86, respectively, in E. gerardiana populations.Conclusions:The developed 29 microsatellite markers are effective for the study of genetic structure and genetic diversity of E. gerardiana, and 15 of these markers are suitable for related Ephedra species.
The ER(z)-cohomology of Bℤ/(2q) and ℂℙn
Authors: Kitchloo Nitu , Lorman Vitaly , Stephen Wilson W. 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe ER(2)-cohomology of Bℤ/(2q) and ℂℙn are computed along with the Atiyah–Hirzebruch spectral sequence for ER(2)*(ℂℙ∞). This, along with other papers in this series, gives us the ER(2)-cohomology of all Eilenberg–MacLane spaces.
A Note on a Unicity Theorem for the Gauss Maps of Complete Minimal Surfaces in Euclidean Four-space
Authors: Ha Pham Hoang , Kawakami Yu 
Published: March 2017

AbstractThe classical result of Nevanlinna states that two nonconstantmeromorphic functions on the complex plane having the same images for five distinct values must be identically equal to each other. In this paper, we give a similar uniqueness theorem for the Gauss maps of complete minimal surfaces in Euclidean four-space.
Formation of highly oxygenated low-volatility products from cresol oxidation
Authors: Schwantes Rebecca H. , Schilling Katherine A. , McVay Renee C. , Lignell Hanna , Coggon Matthew M. , Zhang Xuan , Wennberg Paul O. , Seinfeld John H. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. Hydroxyl radical (OH) oxidation of toluene produces ring-retaining products: cresol and benzaldehyde, and ring-opening products: bicyclic intermediate compounds and epoxides. Here, first- and later-generation OH oxidation products from cresol and benzaldehyde are identified in laboratory chamber experiments. For benzaldehyde, first-generation ring-retaining products are identified, but later-generation products are not detected. For cresol, low-volatility (saturation mass concentration, C* ∼ 3.5  ×  104 − 7.7  ×  10−3 µg m−3), first- and later-generation ring-retaining products are identified. Subsequent OH addition to the aromatic ring of o-cresol leads to compounds such as hydroxy, dihydroxy, and trihydroxy methyl benzoquinones and dihydroxy, trihydroxy, tetrahydroxy, and pentahydroxy toluenes. These products are detected in the gas phase by chemical ionization mass spectrometry (CIMS) and in the particle phase using offline direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). Our data suggest that the yield of trihydroxy toluene from dihydroxy toluene is substantial. While an exact yield cannot be reported as authentic standards are unavailable, we find that a yield for trihydroxy toluene from dihydroxy toluene of ∼ 0.7 (equal to the reported yield of dihydroxy toluene from o-cresol; Olariu et al., 2002) is consistent with experimental results for o-cresol oxidation under low-NO conditions. These results suggest that even though the cresol pathway accounts for only ∼ 20 % of the oxidation products of toluene, it is the source of a significant fraction (∼ 20–40 %) of toluene secondary organic aerosol (SOA) due to the formation of low-volatility products.
An integrated probabilistic assessment to analyse stochasticity of soil erosion in different restoration vegetation types
Authors: Zhou Ji , Fu Bojie , Gao Guangyao , Lü Yihe , Wang Shuai 
Published: March 2017

Abstract. The stochasticity of soil erosion reflects the variability of soil hydrological response to precipitation in a complex environment. Assessing this stochasticity is important for the conservation of soil and water resources; however, the stochasticity of erosion event in restoration vegetation types in water-limited environment has been little investigated. In this study, we constructed an event-driven framework to quantify the stochasticity of runoff and sediment generation in three typical restoration vegetation types (Armeniaca sibirica (T1), Spiraea pubescens (T2) and Artemisia copria (T3)) in closed runoff plots over five rainy seasons in the Loess Plateau of China. The results indicate that, under the same rainfall condition, the average probabilities of runoff and sediment in T1 (3.8 and 1.6 %) and T3 (5.6 and 4.4 %) were lowest and highest, respectively. The binomial and Poisson probabilistic model are two effective ways to simulate the frequency distributions of times of erosion events occurring in all restoration vegetation types. The Bayes model indicated that relatively longer-duration and stronger-intensity rainfall events respectively become the main probabilistic contributors to the stochasticity of an erosion event occurring in T1 and T3. Logistic regression modelling highlighted that the higher-grade rainfall intensity and canopy structure were the two most important factors to respectively improve and restrain the probability of stochastic erosion generation in all restoration vegetation types. The Bayes, binomial, Poisson and logistic regression models constituted an integrated probabilistic assessment to systematically simulate and evaluate soil erosion stochasticity. This should prove to be an innovative and important complement in understanding soil erosion from the stochasticity viewpoint, and also provide an alternative to assess the efficacy of ecological restoration in conserving soil and water resources in a semi-arid environment.