bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of small-scale vegetation structure on tephra layer preservation
Authors: Cutler Nick A. , Shears Olivia M. , Streeter Richard T. , Dugmore Andrew J. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe factors that influence tephra layer taphonomy are poorly understood, but vegetation cover is likely to play a role in the preservation of terrestrial tephra deposits. The impact of vegetation on tephra layer preservation is important because: 1) the morphology of tephra layers could record key characteristics of past land surfaces and 2) vegetation-driven variability in tephra thickness could affect attempts to infer eruption and dispersion parameters. We investigated small- (metre-) scale interactions between vegetation and a thin (<10 cm), recent tephra layer. We conducted surveys of vegetation structure and tephra thickness at two locations which received a similar tephra deposit, but had contrasting vegetation cover (moss vs shrub). The tephra layer was thicker and less variable under shrub cover. Vegetation structure and layer thickness were correlated on the moss site but not under shrub cover, where the canopy reduced the influence of understory vegetation on layer morphology. Our results show that vegetation structure can influence tephra layer thickness on both small and medium (site) scales. These findings suggest that some tephra layers may carry a signal of past vegetation cover. They also have implications for the sampling effort required to reliably estimate the parameters of initial deposits.
Glycine increases preimplantation development of mouse oocytes following vitrification at the germinal vesicle stage
Authors: Cao Xin-Yan , Rose Jack , Wang Shi-Yong , Liu Yong , Zhao Meng , Xing Ming-Jie , Chang Tong , Xu Baozeng 
Published: November 2016

AbstractIce-free cryopreservation, referred to as vitrification, is receiving increased attention in the human and animal assisted reproduction. However, it introduces the detrimental osmotic stress by adding and removing high contents of cryoprotectants. In this study, we evaluated the effects of normalizing cell volume regulation by adding glycine, an organic osmolyte, during vitrification of mouse germinal vesicle stage oocyte and/or subsequent maturation on its development. The data showed that glycine supplementation in either vitrification/thawing or maturation medium significantly improved the cytoplasmic maturation of MII oocytes manifested by spindle assembly, chromosomal alignment, mitochondrial distribution, euploidy rate, and blastocyst development following fertilization in vitro, compared to the control without glycine treatment. Furthermore, glycine addition during both vitrification/thawing and maturation further enhanced the oocyte quality demonstrated by various markers, including ATP contents and embryo development. Lastly, the effect of anti-apoptosis was also observed when glycine was added during vitrification. Our result suggests that reducing osmotic stress induced by vitrification could improve the development of vitrified mouse oocyte.
Proliferation rates and gene expression profiles in human lymphoblastoid cell lines from patients with depression characterized in response to antidepressant drug therapy
Authors: Breitfeld J , Scholl C , Steffens M , Brandenburg K , Probst-Schendzielorz K , Efimkina O , Gurwitz D , Ising M , Holsboer F , Lucae S , Stingl J C 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThe current therapy success of depressive disorders remains in need of improvement due to low response rates and a delay in symptomatic improvement. Reliable functional biomarkers would be necessary to predict the individual treatment outcome. On the basis of the neurotrophic hypothesis of antidepressant’s action, effects of antidepressant drugs on proliferation may serve as tentative individual markers for treatment efficacy. We studied individual differences in antidepressant drug effects on cell proliferation and gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from patients treated for depression with documented clinical treatment outcome. Cell proliferation was characterized by EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) incorporation assays following a 3-week incubation with therapeutic concentrations of fluoxetine. Genome-wide expression profiling was conducted by microarrays, and candidate genes such as betacellulin—a gene involved in neuronal stem cell regeneration—were validated by quantitative real-time PCR. Ex vivo assessment of proliferation revealed large differences in fluoxetine-induced proliferation inhibition between donor LCLs, but no association with clinical response was observed. Genome-wide expression analyses followed by pathway and gene ontology analyses identified genes with different expression before vs after 21-day incubation with fluoxetine. Significant correlations between proliferation and gene expression of WNT2B, FZD7, TCF7L2, SULT4A1 and ABCB1 (all involved in neurogenesis or brain protection) were also found. Basal gene expression of SULT4A1 (P=0.029), and gene expression fold changes of WNT2B by ex vivo fluoxetine (P=0.025) correlated with clinical response and clinical remission, respectively. Thus, we identified potential gene expression biomarkers eventually being useful as baseline predictors or as longitudinal targets in antidepressant therapy.
Essstörungen bei Schülerinnen: Bildungs- und Migrationshintergrund, leistungsorientiertes Klassenklima und leistungsbezogener Schulstress
Authors: Grüttner M. 
Published: November 2016

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Auffälliges Ernährungsverhalten bis hin zur manifesten Essstörung sind weit verbreitete Phänomene bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen. Insbesondere Mädchen und junge Frauen sind betroffen. Kinder und Jugendliche mit Migrationshintergrund und niedriger sozialer Herkunft sind häufiger von Essstörungen betroffen 1. Obwohl die Schule in der Lebenswelt von Kindern- und Jugendlichen eine zentrale Bedeutung hat, fehlen bisher Studien, die schulische Faktoren in die Erklärung einbeziehen. Die vorliegende Arbeit prüft inwieweit unter Kontrolle von personalen und familialen Ressourcen ein Zusammenhang zwischen leistungsbezogenem Schulstress sowie leistungsorientiertem Klassenklima mit Essstörungen besteht.
Methodik: Verwendet werden Daten von Schülern der Startkohorte 3 des Nationalen Bildungspanels (NEPS)*, die sich im Befragungszeitraum in der 7. Klasse befanden. Es handelt sich um eine Querschnittanalyse. Die abhängige Variable basiert auf dem Fragebogen SCOFF und wird in logistischen Regressionsmodellen mit Angaben der Schüler sowie der Eltern in Verbindung gesetzt. Leistungsbedingter Schulstress wird über die negative Abweichung realistischer von idealistischer Bildungsaspiration (AB) und unerfüllte soziale Erwartungen (SE), leistungsorientiertes Klima über die Schülerwahrnehmung des Deutschlehrers (DL) und der Anstrengungserwartungen der Klassenkameraden (AM) operationalisiert.
Ergebnisse: Leistungsbedingter Schulstress (AB: AME: 0,18; p<0,001; SE: AME: 0,12; p<0,05) und leistungsorientiertes Klima (DL: AME: 0,05; p<0,1; AM: AME: 0,15, p<0,01) gehen mit der erhöhten Wahrscheinlichkeit einer Essstörung einher und können zum Teil die Zusammenhänge zwischen Migrationshintergrund sowie Bildungshintergrund und Essstörungen erklären.
Schlussfolgerungen: Essstörungen sollte in der schulischen Gesundheitsförderung mehr beachtung geschänkt werden. Zur Prävention von Essstörungen bei Schülerinnen könnte die Frage von Leistungserwartungen, die die schulische und soziale Umwelt an die Schülerinnen stellt, sowie deren Umgang mit diesen Erwartungen, stärker in den Fokus gerückt werden. Weitere Untersuchungen – insbesondere im Längsschnitt oder unter Einbeziehung weiterer Drittvariablen (z. B. Perfaktionismus, Copingstrategien) – wären notwendig, um eine kausale Interpretation der Zusammenhänge abzusichern.
An IT Project as a Plaything of its Organizational Environment: Long-term Challenges in Financial Services
Authors: Bürger Olga , Fridgen Gilbert , Kleindienst Dominikus , Manderscheid Jonas , Zare Garizy Tirazheh 
Published: November 2016

At the end of 2015, and after 10 years, the German financial service provider FinAdvizard finally achieved the first results from the development project of its next-generation advisory application. Although this achievement can be considered as project success, the new application includes only the core of the initially intended scope because of environmental changes. First, the project team had to continuously deal with resource scarcity, stakeholder influences, regulatory requirements, and the involvement of its sales force. The team also had to adapt different management approaches and software development methods. Furthermore, the organization's focus and management attention repeatedly changed over time. Subsequently, this case retrospectively highlights information technology (IT) project management issues and challenges faced by large software development projects. Given the longitudinal analysis of the period of a decade, both positive and negative effects that are not visible in shorter IT projects become apparent. Additionally, the case sheds light and stimulates a discussion on, among others, collaboration between the business and IT departments, the importance of top IT management support, the challenge of bimodal or two-speed IT, and the influence of a strong sales force.
Temperature response of soil respiration largely unaltered with experimental warming
Authors: Carey Joanna C. , Tang Jianwu , Templer Pamela H. , Kroeger Kevin D. , Crowther Thomas W. , Burton Andrew J. , Dukes Jeffrey S. , Emmett Bridget , Frey Serita D. , Heskel Mary A. , Jiang Lifen , Machmuller Megan B. , Mohan Jacqueline , Panetta Anne Marie , Reich Peter B. , Reinsch Sabine , Wang Xin , Allison Steven D. , Bamminger Chris , Bridgham Scott , Collins Scott L. , de Dato Giovanbattista , Eddy William C. , Enquist Brian J. , Estiarte Marc , Harte John , Henderson Amanda , Johnson Bart R. , Larsen Klaus Steenberg , Luo Yiqi , Marhan Sven , Melillo Jerry M. , Peñuelas Josep , Pfeifer-Meister Laurel , Poll Christian , Rastetter Edward , Reinmann Andrew B. , Reynolds Lorien L. , Schmidt Inger K. , Shaver Gaius R. , Strong Aaron L. , Suseela Vidya , Tietema Albert 
Published: November 2016

Significance
One of the greatest challenges in projecting future shifts in the global climate is understanding how soil respiration rates will change with warming. Multiple experimental warming studies have explored this response, but no consensus has been reached. Based on a global synthesis of 27 experimental warming studies spanning nine biomes, we find that although warming increases soil respiration rates, there is limited evidence for a shifting respiration response with experimental warming. We also note a universal decline in the temperature sensitivity of respiration at soil temperatures >25 °C. Together, our data indicate that future respiration rates are likely to follow the current temperature response function, but higher latitudes will be more responsive to warmer temperatures.
Regional asynchronicity in dairy production and processing in early farming communities of the northern Mediterranean
Authors: Debono Spiteri Cynthianne , Gillis Rosalind E. , Roffet-Salque Mélanie , Castells Navarro Laura , Guilaine Jean , Manen Claire , Muntoni Italo M. , Saña Segui Maria , Urem-Kotsou Dushka , Whelton Helen L. , Craig Oliver E. , Vigne Jean-Denis , Evershed Richard P. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
This unique research combines the analyses of lipid residues in pottery vessels with slaughter profiles for domesticated ruminants to provide compelling evidence for diverse subsistence strategies in the northern Mediterranean basin during the Neolithic. Our findings show that the exploitation and processing of milk varied across the region, although most communities began to exploit milk as soon as domesticates were introduced between 9,000 and 7,000 y ago. This discovery is especially noteworthy as the shift in human subsistence toward milk production reshaped prehistoric European culture, biology, and economy in ways that are still visible today.
Lifestyle chemistries from phones for individual profiling
Authors: Bouslimani Amina , Melnik Alexey V. , Xu Zhenjiang , Amir Amnon , da Silva Ricardo R. , Wang Mingxun , Bandeira Nuno , Alexandrov Theodore , Knight Rob , Dorrestein Pieter C. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
This paper introduces the concept of skin-associated lifestyle chemistries found on personal belongings as a form of trace evidence. We propose a mass spectrometry-based approach to illuminate chemical traces recovered from personal objects. Using a chemical composite recovered from a swab of a phone, as a representative personal belonging, we can provide insights into personal lifestyle profile by predicting the kind of beauty product the individual uses, the food he/she eats, the medications he/she takes, or the places he/she has been. Therefore, the chemical interpretation of traces recovered from objects found on a crime scene can help a criminal investigator to learn about the lifestyle of the individual who used or touched these objects.
Genome-wide screen identifies host colonization determinants in a bacterial gut symbiont
Authors: Powell J. Elijah , Leonard Sean P. , Kwong Waldan K. , Engel Philipp , Moran Nancy A. 
Published: November 2016

SignificanceMany bacteria are adapted to live in specific locations in animal hosts, even while these same locations exclude colonization by most microorganisms. However, the genetic underpinnings enabling successful colonization are largely unclear. We developed a system to genetically manipulateSnodgrassella alvi, a bacterium restricted to bees, and explored the factors permittingS. alvito establish within its natural habitat in the bee digestive tract. Using high-throughput methods that screen the entire genome, we find that host colonization is dependent on genes mediating cell surface interactions (e.g., adhesion), metabolism under nutrient limitation, and responses to various stresses. This study demonstrates the genetic tractability of the bee gut microbiota, an emerging system with parallels to the human microbiome.
Gram-positive bacteria are held at a distance in the colon mucus by the lectin-like protein ZG16
Authors: Bergström Joakim H. , Birchenough George M. H. , Katona Gergely , Schroeder Bjoern O. , Schütte André , Ermund Anna , Johansson Malin E. V. , Hansson Gunnar C. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
The small lectin-like protein ZG16 (zymogen granulae protein 16) aggregates bacteria and by that works together with the inner colon mucus layer to maintain bacteria at a safe distance from the epithelial cell surface. In the absence of Zg16, more bacteria penetrate the epithelium, enter the regional lymph nodes and spleen, trigger the immune system, and cause abdominal fat pad mass increase. ZG16 is important for a safe normal host-bacteria symbiosis as it does not kill commensal bacteria, but limit bacterial translocation into the host.
Adolescents growing up amidst intractable conflict attenuate brain response to pain of outgroup
Authors: Levy Jonathan , Goldstein Abraham , Influs Moran , Masalha Shafiq , Zagoory-Sharon Orna , Feldman Ruth 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Intergroup conflicts are among the world’s most imminent problems, particularly with the shift of battlefields into the heart of civilian locations and the participation of increasingly younger adolescents in intergroup conflict. We found that Israeli and Palestinian adolescents reared in a climate of long-standing strife shut down the brain’s automatic response to outgroup pain. This neural modulation characterized a top-down process superimposed upon an automatic response to the pain of all and was sensitive to hostile behavior toward outgroup, uncompromising worldviews, and brain-to-brain synchrony among group members. Findings pinpoint adolescents’ sociocognitive top-down processes as targets for intervention.
An HD domain phosphohydrolase active site tailored for oxetanocin-A biosynthesis
Authors: Bridwell-Rabb Jennifer , Kang Gyunghoon , Zhong Aoshu , Liu Hung-wen , Drennan Catherine L. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Over the past few decades, natural products, or chemical compounds derived from plants, animals, or microbes have greatly inspired drug discovery. Because natural products often have more complex and architecturally unique scaffolds than available man-made drugs, characterization of natural product biosynthetic pathways often reveals unprecedented chemistry and enzymatic platforms. Oxetanocin-A (OXT) is a natural product nucleoside analog that has an unusual four-membered oxetane ring connected to an adenine base. Prior to this work, there were no details available about OXT biosynthesis. Here, we not only elucidate a scheme for the two-enzyme catalyzed production of OXT, but also reveal modifications to an HD domain phosphohydrolase enzyme scaffold that expand the catalytic repertoire of this enzyme superfamily.
Transposon mutagenesis identifies genes that cooperate with mutant Pten in breast cancer progression
Authors: Rangel Roberto , Lee Song-Choon , Hon-Kim Ban Kenneth , Guzman-Rojas Liliana , Mann Michael B. , Newberg Justin Y. , Kodama Takahiro , McNoe Leslie A. , Selvanesan Luxmanan , Ward Jerrold M. , Rust Alistair G. , Chin Kuan-Yew , Black Michael A. , Jenkins Nancy A. , Copeland Neal G. 
Published: November 2016

SignificanceTriple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. Despite extensive cancer genome-sequencing efforts, there is still an incomplete understanding of the genetic networks driving TNBC. Here, we usedSleeping Beautytransposon mutagenesis to identify genes that cooperate with mutantPtenin the induction of TNBC. We identified 12 candidate TNBC trunk drivers and a larger number of progression genes. Subsequent functional validation studies identified eight human TNBC tumor suppressor genes, including the GATA-like transcriptional repressorTRPS1, which was shown to inhibit lung metastasis by deregulating the expression of multiple serpin and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway genes. Our study provides a better understanding of the genetic forces driving TNBC and discovered genes with clinical importance in TNBC.
Endogenous central amygdala mu-opioid receptor signaling promotes sodium appetite in mice
Authors: Smith Craig M. , Walker Lesley L. , Leeboonngam Tanawan , McKinley Michael J. , Denton Derek A. , Lawrence Andrew J. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Sodium appetite is an important instinctive behavior with high survival value. Although a role of opioid signaling in salt appetite has been identified in rats, the exact contribution made by different opioid receptor subtypes within specific brain regions is not fully characterized. Here, we report that mu-opioid receptor (MOR) signaling is intrinsically responsible for opioid-dependent sodium appetite rendered by sodium deficiency in mice. Furthermore, we identified that during gratification of sodium appetite, the central amygdala is activated, and endogenous MOR signaling within this region promotes sodium intake in sodium-depleted mice. Accordingly, we reveal a key nucleus within the endogenous opioid circuit that is likely to be conserved across mammals and important in the control of dietary sodium consumption.
A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing 2 Multimodal Analgesic Techniques in Patients Predicted to Have Severe Pain After Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Booth Jessica L. , Harris Lynnette C. , Eisenach James C. , Pan Peter H. 
Published: November 2016

Anesth Analg 2016;122:1114–1119
Severe acute pain following cesarean delivery is a predictor of persistent pain and depression at 2 months postpartum. Although systemic and neuraxial medications have been used to manage this pain, there are side effects, varied success rates, and little guidance on titration of opioids. Many women in the United States receive a mixture of systemic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, and a single dose of intrathecal morphine after cesarean delivery.
Does Oral Carbohydrate Supplementation Improve Labour Outcome? A Systematic Review and Individual Patient Data Meta-analysis
Authors: Malin G.L. , Bugg G.J. , Thornton J. , Taylor M.A. , Grauwen N. , Devlieger R. , Kardel K.R. , Kubli M. , Tranmer J.E. , Jones N.W. 
Published: November 2016

(BJOG 2016;123:510–517)
Oral carbohydrate intake is known to improve outcomes in patients undergoing general surgery. It is also used by athletes to improve their performance. Labor also involves significant physical activity where pain and stress may have a doubling effect on basal metabolic rate. The practice of many anesthesiologists has been to withhold oral intake for women in labor due to concerns about gastric aspiration. However, in some countries oral intake of fluid and a light diet during labor are being allowed based on some recent research. Numerous randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been performed over the years to assess if oral carbohydrate supplementation could have a positive impact on labor outcomes. This current systematic review attempted to determine this impact using an individual patient data meta-analysis.
#3: Periviable Birth
Authors: Ecker J.L. , Kaimal A. , Mercer B.M. , Blackwell S.C. , deRegnier R.A. , Farrell R.M. , Grobman W.A. , Resnik J.L. , Sciscione A.C. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213(5):604–614)
This consensus statement describes newborn outcomes after periviable birth (delivery occurring from 20 0/7 weeks to 25 6/7 weeks of gestation), provides current evidence and recommendations regarding interventions in cases where delivery is anticipated near the limit of viability, and provides an outline for family counseling with the goal of incorporating informed patient preferences. It is reported that approximately 0.5% of all births occur before the third trimester of pregnancy and these very early deliveries result in the majority of neonatal deaths and >40% of infant deaths. The consensus statement intends to provide support and guidance regarding decisions (declining or accepting interventions and therapies) based on individual circumstances and patient values.
Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase Infections During Pregnancy: A Growing Threat
Authors: Eppes C.S. , Clark S.L. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213(5):650–652)
This article is a summary of clinically relevant information on extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs), which are plasmid transferable enzymes that evolve rapidly to provide antibiotic resistance to different bacterial species. Although ESBL infection is common during pregnancy, these organisms present special challenges for identification in the laboratory, antibiotic selection and administration, and follow-up.
Prevention of Preterm Birth With Vaginal Progesterone or 17-Alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate: A Critical Examination of Efficacy and Safety
Authors: O’Brien J.M. , Lewis D.F. 
Published: November 2016

(Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;214(1):45–56)
Progestogens, natural progesterone or the synthetic 17-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-OHPC), are the only class of medication to consistently demonstrate significant reductions in the rate of early preterm birth. The synthetic 17-OHPC and natural progesterone have been studied with the use of a prophylactic strategy in women with a history of preterm birth and in women with a multiple gestation. This review addresses the efficacy and safety of progestogen use, given recent experimental observations regarding pharmacodynamics and the evolving understanding of risk-benefit provided from trials and meta-analysis.