bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La thématique de l'eau dans l'œuvre de Driss Chraïbi
Authors: Guijarro Cebrián Cristina 
Published: April 2017

En général, les écrivains francophones du Maghreb ont une liaison très forte avec l’eau étant donné que leurs pays d’origines sont riverains de la mer Méditerranée et de l’océan Atlantique. L'écrivain que je vous présente, Driss Chraïbi, est originaire de El Jadida, une petite ville située au bord de l’Atlantique à l’embouchure de l’Oum-er-Bia, le plus grand fleuve du Maroc. Pour lui, la présence de l’eau est importante pas seulement dans sa vie mais aussi dans son œuvre. Un de ses romans, La Mère du printemps, a comme sous-titre le nom du fleuve auprès duquel il est né. Chraïbi, comme signale François Mauriac dans Le romancier et ses personnages, souligne l’importance des lieux vécus même dans ses romans de fiction, et l’eau apparaît toujours comme un élément remarquable. D’un autre côté, l’eau sert à relier les différentes civilisations, la Méditerranée a toujours servi de moyen d’union entre les habitants d’une ou de l’autre rive ; elle représente aussi le radeau de sauvetage des immigrants qui cherchent une nouvelle opportunité, comme est le cas des personnages des Boucs. Une perspective postcoloniale (Bessière, Moura, Ashcroft, Griffiths, Tiffin) peut nous dévoiler toutes les représentations de l’eau dans l’imaginaire de cet écrivain du Maghreb et c’est l’approche que je propose pour cette communication.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/XXVColloqueAFUE.2016.2995
Quantifier spreading: children misled by ostensive cues
Authors: É. Kiss Katalin , Zétényi Tamás 
Published: April 2017

This paper calls attention to a methodological problem of acquisition experiments. It shows that the economy of the stimulus employed in child language experiments may lend an increased ostensive effect to the message communicated to the child. Thus, when the visual stimulus in a sentence-picture matching task is a minimal model abstracting away from the details of the situation, children often regard all the elements of the stimulus as ostensive clues to be represented in the corresponding sentence. The use of such minimal stimuli is mistaken when the experiment aims to test whether or not a certain element of the stimulus is relevant for the linguistic representation or interpretation. The paper illustrates this point by an experiment involving quantifier spreading. It is claimed that children find a universally quantified sentence like Every girl is riding a bicycle to be a false description of a picture showing three girls riding bicycles and a solo bicycle because they are misled to believe that all the elements in the visual stimulus are relevant, hence all of them are to be represented by the corresponding linguistic description. When the iconic drawings were replaced by photos taken in a natural environment rich in accidental details, the occurrence of quantifier spreading was radically reduced. It is shown that an extra object in the visual stimulus can lead to the rejection of the sentence also in the case of sentences involving no quantification, which gives further support to the claim that the source of the problem is not (or not only) the grammatical or cognitive difficulty of quantification but the unintended ostensive effect of the extra object. This article is part of the special collection: Acquisition of Quantification A correction article related to this research can be found here: http://doi.org/10.5334/gjgl.902
Margaret F. Washburn in The American Journal of Psychology: A Cognitive Precursor?
Authors: Boyano José T. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract
In the early 20th century, Margaret F. Washburn (1871–1939) produced numerous studies on perception, affective value of stimulus, memory, emotions, and consciousness. This experimental work was published in The American Journal of Psychology. The purpose of this article is to analyze the temporal evolution of these kinds of experiments and relate them to Washburn’s theoretical production. Contrary to other views, Washburn’s experimental evolution follows a logical sequence and has a strong inner coherence. Among other reasons, the lack of a scientific and social framework to the study of the mind has tended to overshadow large areas of Washburn’s thought. However, both the work published in AJP and the methods used in experiments provide reasons to consider Washburn one of the precursors of contemporary cognitive psychology.
Transport solide dans un cours d’eau en climat semi-aride : cas du bassin versant de l’Oued Boumessaoud (nord-ouest de l’Algérie)
Authors: Bouguerra Sid Ahmed , Bouanani Abderrazak , Baba-Hamed Kamila 
Published: April 2017

L’exploitation des valeurs instantanées de débits liquides et de débits solides en suspension dans le bassin versant de l’oued Boumessaoud (118 km2), pour la période allant de septembre 1988 à août 2004, a permis de mettre en évidence la variabilité annuelle et saisonnière de l’apport solide, et d’examiner l’ampleur du phénomène pendant les périodes d’érosion active de l’année dans ce bassin des régions méditerranéennes semi-arides où la contribution des crues s’est élevée à 71 % durant la saison de l’automne, pour atteindre 97 % de la charge globale moyenne au printemps. Les résultats de cette analyse montrent que la dégradation spécifique moyenne est de l’ordre de 518 t∙km-2∙an-1. L’approche statistique abordée, qui est une régression reliant les deux variables débit liquide (QL) et débit solide (QS), a été testée à différentes échelles temporelles; les modèles générés sont de type puissance (QS = aQLb), où les débits liquides expliquent globalement plus de 80 % de la variance du transport solide. L’identification des périodes productives de sédiments dans cette dynamique érosive a été étudiée en analysant l’évolution de la concentration des particules en suspension dans le cours d’eau. Cette modélisation aura pour application la reconstitution de données manquantes au droit des stations de contrôle au niveau du bassin d’étude.
Doença renal crônica: relação dos pacientes com a hemodiálise
Authors: Santos Bianca Pozza dos , Oliveira Vanessa Athaydes , Soares Marilu Correa , Schwartz Eda 
Published: April 2017

Introdução: Quando há perda das funções reguladora, excretora e endócrina dos rins pode ocorrer doença renal crônica, que é uma doença lenta e silenciosa. Quando se perde totalmente a função renal, adotam-se as Terapias Renais Substitutivas, como a hemodiálise. Objetivo: Conhecer a relação dos pacientes renais crônicos com a hemodiálise. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, exploratório e descritivo, realizado com seis pacientes em hemodiálise. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e maio de 2012, e foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, gravada em mídia digital e, posteriormente, transcrita na íntegra. Para a análise dos dados, seguiram-se os passos da proposta operativa de Minayo (pré-análise, exploração do material, tratamento dos resultados obtidos e interpretação). A pesquisa foi aprovada sob o número 36/2012 pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias “instalação da doença renal crônica”, “relação com a máquina de hemodiálise”, “quando faz a hemodiálise e a alteração da aparência física”, “orientação sobre o cuidado à saúde e o autocuidado”. Conclusão: Após a descoberta do diagnóstico da doença renal crônica e a necessidade da hemodiálise, os pacientes passam por um processo de rejeição e de aceitação, que pode interferir no seu estado emocional e psicológico, acarretando consequências no enfrentamento da doença e do tratamento.
Seed preinoculation and soil liming for growth of forage legumes

on acidic clay soils
Authors: STOUT D. G. , BROERSMA K. , ACHARYA S. N. 
Published: July 2002

Forages produced in the north central interior of British

Columbia are low in percentage crude protein (CP). Growing lucerne

(Medicago sativa L.) should increase forage percentage CP, but

many of the soils are considered too acidic for this species. The

objective of three field experiments, conducted at the Prince George

experimental farm, was to evaluate management practices that might

accommodate the growth of lucerne on acid soils without the expense of

liming. Experiment 1 compared three legume species (lucerne, alsike

clover (Trifolium hybridum L.) and red clover (T.

pratense L.)), preinoculated lime-coated seed

(GNRTM, Grow Tec Ltd, Nisku, Alberta), and soil

liming on root nodulation and forage dry matter (DM) yield.

Experiment 2 compared lucerne genetic lines, seed preinoculation and

soil liming on root nodulation and forage DM yield and percentage CP.

Experiment 3 compared lucerne rhizobia genetic strains, seed

preinoculation and soil liming on root nodulation, forage DM yield

and percentage CP.For effective nodulation, lucerne required seed preinoculation,

whereas alsike clover and red clover did not. Lucerne persisted longer

than alsike or red clover. In Expts 2 and 3, the combination of lime

and preinoculation increased lucerne DM yield by 136% and %CP from

9·2 to 15·4. The addition of lime alone increased lucerne

DM yield by an average of 130% and %CP from 9·2 to 16·3.

With preinoculation alone, lucerne DM yield increased by 100% and %CP

increased from 9·2 to 12·7. Although using preinoculated

lime-coated seed alone is not as effective as lime alone, coated seed

may be the preferred method, based on ease of application and cost.

Neither the six lucerne lines nor the three rhizobial strains evaluated

resulted in improved root nodulation under acidic conditions.
Reproductive performance, progesterone serum,
and milk production in spring postpartum Awassi
and Finn×Texel×Awassi ewes
Authors: HAMADEH S. K. , BARBOUR E. , ABI SAID M. , DAADAA K. , TARRAF C. G. 
Published: July 2002

Spring postpartum reproductive performance was investigated in
19 Awassi and 15
Finn×Texel×Awassi (FTA) crossbred ewes, weaned at 2 months
postpartum and simultaneously
exposed to rams for a period of 48 days. The study was conducted in 1991/92
in the Bekaa Valley
of Lebanon.Postpartum FTA ewes tended to have higher fecundity and prolificacy
than those of Awassi ewes.
Forty percent of the FTA ewes conceived and gave birth to 1·3 lambs
per lambing, while 31·4% of
the Awassi ewes conceived and lambed (1·1 lambs per lambing). Lambing
to lambing and ram
introduction to lambing intervals were similar in both genotypes and confirmed
that a sizeable
proportion (30–40%) of Awassi ewes and their crosses may rebreed
during spring postpartum
anoestrus and lamb at c. 8 months interval. Furthermore, relative
progesterone values revealed
continuous ovarian activity in 16% of Awassi ewes and 40% of FTA ewes and
confirmed estimates
of conception in ewes. All ewes with continuous ovulation mated and lambed.
Weekly estimates of
milk production over a 2-month period, starting the second week of lactation,
showed that daily milk
yields were almost twice as much in Awassi as in FTA ewes (P<0·01).
These results indicate the
potential for Awassi ewes and their crosses to be incorporated into frequent
lambing systems.
Reproductive efficiency in these ewes could be monitored efficiently by
measuring progesterone at 2-weekly intervals.
Long-term yield patterns in barley-based cropping systems in Northern Syria. 1. Comparison of rotations
Authors: JONES M. J. , SINGH M. 
Published: July 2002

Trials, reflecting the feed needs in dry Mediterranean environments of small-ruminant production
systems based on barley, were established at two sites in Syria in 1982. They compared various 2-course rotations of barley with feed legumes, fallow or more barley. This paper summarizes a 14-year
sequence of results from an incomplete factorial combination of four rotations (B-V, B-L, B-F, B-B)
of barley with vetch (Vicia sativa), lathyrus (Lathyrus sativus), fallow, and barley, with two fertilizer
regimes, zero control and biennial NP applied to the barley phase, in terms of long-term mean yields,
production stability and yield trends over time.On a 2-year rotational basis, most barley was produced by barley-only rotations, and differences
between B-F and B-B were small; but, in terms of total biomass production, feed legume rotations
(B-V and B-L) outyielded barley-only rotations by 29% at one site and 19% at the other. Responses
to biennial fertilization were large but did not interact significantly with rotation treatment. The crude
protein status (%N) of barley grain and straw was strongly determined by seasonal rainfall, but that
of the grain could be enhanced, irrespective of rainfall, by a preceding feed-legume crop; and,
altogether, the total mean crop nitrogen output of legume-based rotations exceeded that of barley-only rotations by 80% and 64% at the two sites. The inclusion of legumes thus enhances both
quantity and quality of feed production.Annual yield fluctuations, attributable mainly to rainfall difference, were greater at the drier site.
No consistent effect from fertilizer was observed, but at the wetter site rotation differences were
appreciable, with B-F rotation giving the most stable yields. A number of time trends in yield values
were tentatively identified. On a relative basis, some widening over time of the gap between fertilized
and unfertilized treatments was observed in feed-legume yields at both sites and barley yields at the
wetter site; over 14 years, yields in unfertilized plots had apparently declined relative to those
receiving biennial NP. But, apart from a probable decline in lathyrus productivity compared to that
of common vetch, changes in relative yield performance between rotations were difficult to detect.
Regression models developed to describe absolute yield trends indicated a real decline over time in
barley grain yields in continuous barley (B-B) at both sites and in unfertilized plots of all four
rotations at the wetter site.
Turbulent flow between a rotating and a stationary disk
Authors: LYGREN MAGNE , ANDERSSON HELGE I. 
Published: July 2002

Turbulent flow between a rotating and a stationary disk is studied. Besides its fundamental
importance as a three-dimensional prototype flow, such flow fields are frequently
encountered in rotor–stator configurations in turbomachinery applications. A
direct numerical simulation is therefore performed by integrating the time-dependent
Navier–Stokes equations until a statistically steady state is reached and with the
aim of providing both long-time statistics and an exposition of coherent structures
obtained by conditional sampling. The simulated flow has local Reynolds number
r2ω/v = 4 × 105
and local gap ratio s/r = 0.02, where ω is the angular velocity of the
rotating disk, r the radial distance from the axis of rotation, v the kinematic viscosity
of the fluid, and s the gap width.The three components of the mean velocity vector and the six independent Reynolds
stresses are compared with experimental measurements in a rotor–stator flow configuration.
In the numerically generated flow field, the structural parameter a1 (i.e. the
ratio of the magnitude of the shear stress vector to twice the mean turbulent kinetic
energy) is lower near the two disks than in two-dimensional boundary layers. This
characteristic feature is typical for three-dimensional boundary layers, and so are the
misalignment between the shear stress vector and the mean velocity gradient vector,
although the degree of misalignment turns out to be smaller in the present flow than
in unsteady three-dimensional boundary layer flow. It is also observed that the wall
friction at the rotating disk is substantially higher than at the stationary disk.Coherent structures near the disks are identified by means of the λ2 vortex criterion
in order to provide sufficient information to resolve a controversy regarding the roles
played by sweeps and ejections in shear stress production. An ensemble average of
the detected structures reveals that the coherent structures in the rotor–stator flow are
similar to the ones found in two-dimensional flows. It is shown, however, that the three-dimensionality of the mean flow reduces the inter-vortical alignment and the tendency
of structures of opposite sense of rotation to overlap. The coherent structures near the
disks generate weaker sweeps (i.e. quadrant 4 events) than structures in conventional
two-dimensional boundary layers. This reduction in the quadrant 4 contribution from
the coherent structures is believed to explain the reduced efficiency of the mean flow
in producing Reynolds shear stress.
Steady-state flows in an enclosure ventilated by buoyancy forces assisted by wind
Authors: HUNT G. R. , LINDEN P. F. 
Published: July 2002

We examine ventilation driven by a point source of buoyancy on the floor of an
enclosure in the presence of wind. Ventilation openings connecting the internal and
external environment are at high level on the leeward façade and at low level on the
windward façade, so that the wind-driven flow in the enclosure is in the same sense
as the buoyancy-driven flow. We describe laboratory experiments that determine the
parameters controlling the ventilation under these conditions and compare the results
with predictions of a theoretical model.Previous work has shown that when ventilation is driven solely by a single localized
source of buoyancy flux B, a stable, two-layer stratification and displacement flow
forms. The steady height of the interface, between the buoyant upper layer and the
lower layer at ambient density ρ, is independent of B and depends only on the
‘effective’ area A* of the openings, the height H of the enclosure and entrainment into
the plume.For wind-assisted flows, the ventilation is increased owing to the wind pressure
drop δ between the windward and leeward openings. The two-layer stratification
and displacement flow are maintained over a range of wind speeds, even when the
wind-induced flow far exceeds the flow induced by the buoyancy force. The steady
height of the interface depends upon the Froude number
Fr = (Δ/ρ)1/2(H/B)1/3 and
the dimensionless area of the openings A*/H2. Increasing the wind speed raises the
position of the interface and decreases the temperature of the upper layer (as does
increasing A*/H2), while increasing B lowers the level of the interface and increases
the temperature of the upper layer. For significantly larger Fr, the displacement flow
breaks down and we investigate some aspects of this breakdown. The implications of
these flows to passive cooling of a building by natural ventilation are discussed.
A composite asymptotic model for the wave motion in a steady
three-dimensional subsonic boundary layer
Authors: RYZHOV OLEG S. , TERENT'EV EUGENE D. 
Published: July 2002

The problem for a thin near-wall region is reduced, within the triple-deck
approach,
to unsteady three-dimensional nonlinear boundary-layer equations subject to an
interaction law. A linear version of the boundary-value problem describes eigenmodes
of different nature (including crossflow vortices) coupled together. The
frequency ω
of the eigenmodes is connected with the components k and m of
the wavenumber
vector through a dispersion relation. This relation exhibits two singular properties.
One of them is of basic importance since it makes the imaginary part Im(ω)
of the
frequency increase without bound as k and m tend to infnity
along some curves in
the real (k, m)-plane. The singularity turns out to be
strong, rendering the Cauchy problem ill posed for linear equations.Accounting for the second-order approximation in asymptotic expansions for the
upper and main decks brings about significant alterations in the interaction law. A
new mathematical model leans upon a set of composite equations without rescaling
the original independent variables and desired functions. As a result, the
right-hand
side of a modified dispersion relation involves an additional term multiplied
by a small
parameter ε=R−1/8, R being the
reference Reynolds number. The aforementioned
strong singularity is missing from solutions of the modified dispersion
relation. Thus,
the range of validity of a linear approximation becomes far more extended
in ω, k
and m, but the incorporation of the higher-order term into the
interaction law means
in essence that the Reynolds number is retained in the formulation of a key problem
for the lower deck.
Professor FRANZ D. KAHN: 1926–1998
Authors: Dougherty John 
Published: July 2002

We record with sadness the death of Franz Kahn, a former Associate
Editor of
the Journal of Plasma Physics.Franz was born in Germany in 1926, but his family emigrated to England
in
1938. He attended Oxford University, obtaining First Class Honours in
Mathematics in 1947, and continuing as a research student there, eventually

gaining his D.Phil. in 1950. His thesis work already involved him in plasma

physics, under one of the pioneers of the subject. His supervisor was Sydney

Chapman, and his topic was that of the production of plasma by solar flares,

and its interaction with the Earth's atmosphere. This field had already
been
opened by Chapman and a previous pupil, Vincent Ferraro, in the 1930s.
The
idea had originally been phrased in terms of ‘corpuscles’,
i.e. energetic ions and
electrons, but it had gradually been realized that electrostatic forces
give such
a medium a coherence, so that it should be described as a fluid, notwithstanding

the lack of collisions. This is of course the basic idea of plasma physics,
and
when the importance of magnetic fields was included, one had all the
ingredients of magnetohydrodynamics.
Animal abundance and food availability in coastal lagoons and intertidal marine sediments
Authors: Barnes R.S.K. , de Villiers C.J. 
Published: July 2002

The relationships between the standing stocks of deposit-feeding benthic invertebrates and benthic chlorophyll-a, phaeopigment and total combustible organic matter were investigated at a series of coastal lagoons and in the type of intertidal soft-sediment sites from which the lagoons originated. Across all the sites, in Norfolk, UK, an inverse relationship occurred between (a) the amounts of chlorophyll-a and of other potential food materials and (b) the degree of coverage by water. The biomass of consumers also decreased with increased water coverage, so that the lagoons supported less biomass than the adjacent high-level intertidal sites. Further, the deposit-feeder biomass supported by unit food decreased with extent of water coverage.There was no evidence of any relationship between deposit-feeder and food biomass within any single site, in spite of the study period being selected to be that in which there was maximum likelihood of competition for microphytobenthic food. Whilst chlorophyll concentrations may set the maximum achievable level of consumer biomass at these sites, including in the deeper lagoons setting very low potential maximum population densities, the seasonal abundance patterns of the deposit feeders appear to be determined by other factor(s).