bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Writing and reading antiferromagnetic Mn2Au by Néel spin-orbit torques and large anisotropic magnetoresistance
Authors: Bodnar S. Yu. , Šmejkal L. , Turek I. , Jungwirth T. , Gomonay O. , Sinova J. , Sapozhnik A. A. , Elmers H.-J. , Kläui M. , Jourdan M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractUsing antiferromagnets as active elements in spintronics requires the ability to manipulate and read-out the Néel vector orientation. Here we demonstrate for Mn2Au, a good conductor with a high ordering temperature suitable for applications, reproducible switching using current pulse generated bulk spin-orbit torques and read-out by magnetoresistance measurements. Reversible and consistent changes of the longitudinal resistance and planar Hall voltage of star-patterned epitaxial Mn2Au(001) thin films were generated by pulse current densities of ≃107 A/cm2. The symmetry of the torques agrees with theoretical predictions and a large read-out magnetoresistance effect of more than ≃6% is reproduced by ab initio transport calculations.
Ultrafast quantum beats of anisotropic excitons in atomically thin ReS2
Authors: Sim Sangwan , Lee Doeon , Trifonov Artur V. , Kim Taeyoung , Cha Soonyoung , Sung Ji Ho , Cho Sungjun , Shim Wooyoung , Jo Moon-Ho , Choi Hyunyong 
Published: January 2018

AbstractQuantum beats, periodic oscillations arising from coherent superposition states, have enabled exploration of novel coherent phenomena. Originating from strong Coulomb interactions and reduced dielectric screening, two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit strongly bound excitons either in a single structure or hetero-counterpart; however, quantum coherence between excitons is barely known to date. Here we observe exciton quantum beats in atomically thin ReS2 and further modulate the intensity of the quantum beats signal. Surprisingly, linearly polarized excitons behave like a coherently coupled three-level system exhibiting quantum beats, even though they exhibit anisotropic exciton orientations and optical selection rules. Theoretical studies are also provided to clarify that the observed quantum beats originate from pure quantum coherence, not from classical interference. Furthermore, we modulate on/off quantum beats only by laser polarization. This work provides an ideal laboratory toward polarization-controlled exciton quantum beats in two-dimensional materials.
Social Engagement and Its Change are Associated with Dementia Risk among Chinese Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study
Authors: Zhou Zi , Wang Ping , Fang Ya 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThis study aimed to examine the association of social engagement (SE) and changes in SE with the risk of dementia among older adults in China. Data were collected from the 2002, 2005, 2008/2009, and 2011/2012 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). Random-effects logistic regression models were used to examine the association of SE and changes in SE with the risk of dementia. Of the 7511 older Chinese adults aged 65 years and over, 338 developed dementia during the 9-year follow-up. SE was associated with dementia risk after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyles and health status (odds ratio (OR) = 0.71, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.63–0.81). Participants with consistently high or increased SE had a lower risk of dementia than those with consistently low SE ((OR = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.06–0.28 and OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.23–0.48, respectively). Higher SE can reduce the risk of dementia. Furthermore, consistently high or increasing SE is associated with a lower risk of dementia.
Ring-Size Effects on the Stability and Spectral Shifts of Hydrogen Bonded Cyclic Ethers Complexes
Authors: Tang Shanshan , Tsona Narcisse T. , Du Lin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn order to investigate ring-size effects on the stability and spectral shifts of hydrogen bonded cyclic ethers complexes, the strength of hydrogen bonds in gas phase complexes formed between 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (TFE) and selected cyclic ethers were examined using FTIR spectroscopy. TFE was chosen as hydrogen bond donor in these complexes, while trimethylene oxide (TMO), tetrahydrofuran (THF) and tetrahydropyran (THP) were selected as hydrogen bond acceptors. Comparable OH-stretching red shifts were observed in the three kinds of complexes. The difference of red shifts is so small (<7 cm−1) for TFE−TMO/THF/THP complexes that one can conclude that their stabilities and the strength of the hydrogen bonds are nearly similar and do not show any marked dependence with the ring size of the hydrogen bond acceptor. The equilibrium constants for the complexation were determined, and atoms-in-molecules (AIM) and natural bond orbital (NBO) analyses were performed to further investigate the intermolecular interactions. Regardless of the ring size, hydrogen bonds in the complexes showed similar strength, in agreement with the observed OH-stretching red shifts.
Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Model for HCVNS5B inhibitors based on an Antlion Optimizer-Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System
Authors: Elaziz Mohamed Abd , Moemen Yasmine S. , Hassanien Aboul Ella , Xiong Shengwu 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe global prevalence of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is approximately 3% and one-fifth of all HCV carriers live in the Middle East, where Egypt has the highest global incidence of HCV infection. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models were used in many applications for predicting the potential effects of chemicals on human health and environment. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) is one of the most popular regression methods for building a nonlinear QSAR model. However, the quality of ANFIS is influenced by the size of the descriptors, so descriptor selection methods have been proposed, although these methods are affected by slow convergence and high time complexity. To avoid these limitations, the antlion optimizer was used to select relevant descriptors, before constructing a nonlinear QSAR model based on the PIC50 and these descriptors using ANFIS. In our experiments, 1029 compounds were used, which comprised 579 HCVNS5B inhibitors (PIC50 < ~14) and 450 non-HCVNS5B inhibitors (PIC50 > ~14). The experimental results showed that the proposed QSAR model obtained acceptable accuracy according to different measures, where $${{\boldsymbol{R}}}^{{\boldsymbol{2}}}$$

R

2

was 0.952 and 0.923 for the training and testing sets, respectively, using cross-validation, while $${{\boldsymbol{R}}}_{{\boldsymbol{L}}{\boldsymbol{O}}{\boldsymbol{O}}}^{{\boldsymbol{2}}}$$

R

L
O
O

2

was 0.8822 using leave-one-out (LOO).
Surface waves magnitude estimation from ionospheric signature of Rayleigh waves measured by Doppler sounder and OTH radar
Authors: Occhipinti Giovanni , Aden-Antoniow Florent , Bablet Aurélien , Molinie Jean-Philippe , Farges Thomas 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSurface waves emitted after large earthquakes are known to induce atmospheric infrasonic waves detectable at ionospheric heights using a variety of techniques, such as high frequency (HF) Doppler, global positioning system (GPS), and recently over-the-horizon (OTH) radar. The HF Doppler and OTH radar are particularly sensitive to the ionospheric signature of Rayleigh waves and are used here to show ionospheric perturbations consistent with the propagation of Rayleigh waves related to 28 and 10 events, with a magnitude larger than 6.2, detected by HF Doppler and OTH radar respectively. A transfer function is introduced to convert the ionospheric measurement into the correspondent ground displacement in order to compare it with classic seismometers. The ground vertical displacement, measured at the ground by seismometers, and measured at the ionospheric altitude by HF Doppler and OTH radar, is used here to compute surface wave magnitude. The ionospheric surface wave magnitude (M
s

iono
) proposed here introduces a new way to characterize earthquakes observing the signature of surface Rayleigh waves in the ionosphere. This work proves that ionospheric observations are useful seismological data to better cover the Earth and to explore the seismology of the Solar system bodies observing the ionosphere of other planets.
Whole-genome assembly of the coral reef Pearlscale Pygmy Angelfish (Centropyge vrolikii)
Authors: Fernandez-Silva Iria , Henderson James B. , Rocha Luiz A. , Simison W. Brian 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe diversity of DNA sequencing methods and algorithms for genome assemblies presents scientists with a bewildering array of choices. Here, we construct and compare eight candidate assemblies combining overlapping shotgun read data, mate-pair and Chicago libraries and four different genome assemblers to produce a high-quality draft genome of the iconic coral reef Pearlscale Pygmy Angelfish, Centropyge vrolikii (family Pomacanthidae). The best candidate assembly combined all four data types and had a scaffold N50 127.5 times higher than the candidate assembly obtained from shotgun data only. Our best candidate assembly had a scaffold N50 of 8.97 Mb, contig N50 of 189,827, and 97.4% complete for BUSCO v2 (Actinopterygii set) and 95.6% complete for CEGMA matches. These contiguity and accuracy scores are higher than those of any other fish assembly released to date that did not apply linkage map information, including those based on more expensive long-read sequencing data. Our analysis of how different data types improve assembly quality will help others choose the most appropriate de novo genome sequencing strategy based on resources and target applications. Furthermore, the draft genome of the Pearlscale Pygmy angelfish will play an important role in future studies of coral reef fish evolution, diversity and conservation.
Olfactory receptors are expressed in pancreatic β-cells and promote glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
Authors: Munakata Yuichiro , Yamada Tetsuya , Imai Junta , Takahashi Kei , Tsukita Sohei , Shirai Yuta , Kodama Shinjiro , Asai Yoichiro , Sugisawa Takashi , Chiba Yumiko , Kaneko Keizo , Uno Kenji , Sawada Shojiro , Hatakeyama Hiroyasu , Kanzaki Makoto , Miyazaki Jun-ichi , Oka Yoshitomo , Katagiri Hideki 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOlfactory receptors (ORs) mediate olfactory chemo-sensation in OR neurons. Herein, we have demonstrated that the OR chemo-sensing machinery functions in pancreatic β-cells and modulates insulin secretion. First, we found several OR isoforms, including OLFR15 and OLFR821, to be expressed in pancreatic islets and a β-cell line, MIN6. Immunostaining revealed OLFR15 and OLFR821 to be uniformly expressed in pancreatic β-cells. In addition, mRNAs ofOlfr15andOlfr821were detected in single MIN6 cells. These results indicate that multiple ORs are simultaneously expressed in individual β-cells. Octanoic acid, which is a medium-chain fatty acid contained in food and reportedly interacts with OLFR15, potentiated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), thereby improving glucose tolerancein vivo. GSIS potentiation by octanoic acid was confirmed in isolated pancreatic islets and MIN6 cells and was blocked by OLFR15 knockdown. WhileGαolfexpression was not detectable in β-cells, experiments using inhibitors and siRNA revealed that the pathway dependent on phospholipase C-inositol triphosphate, rather than cAMP-protein kinase A, mediates GSIS potentiation via OLFR15. These findings suggest that the OR system in pancreatic β-cells has a chemo-sensor function allowing recognition of environmental substances obtained from food, and potentiates insulin secretion in a cell-autonomous manner, thereby modulating systemic glucose metabolism.
Ethanolic extract of the fungus Trichoderma stromaticum decreases inflammation and ameliorates experimental cerebral malaria in C57BL/6 mice
Authors: Cariaco Yusmaris , Lima Wânia Rezende , Sousa Romulo , Nascimento Layane Alencar Costa , Briceño Marisol Pallete , Fotoran Wesley Luzetti , Wunderlich Gerhard , dos Santos Jane Lima , Silva Neide Maria 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIncreased resistance to the first-line treatment againstP.falciparummalaria, artemisinin-based combination therapies, has been reported. Here, we tested the effect of crude ethanolic extract of the fungusTrichoderma stromaticum(Ext-Ts) on the growth ofP.falciparumNF54 in infected human red blood cells (ihRBCs) and its anti-malarial and anti-inflammatory properties in a mouse model of experimental cerebral malaria. For this purpose, ihRBCs were treated with Ext-Ts and analysed for parasitaemia; C57BL/6 mice were infected withP.bergheiANKA (PbA), treated daily with Ext-Ts, and clinical, biochemical, histological and immunological features of the disease were monitored. It was observed that Ext-Ts presented a dose-dependent ability to controlP.falciparumin ihRBCs. In addition, it was demonstrated that Ext-Ts treatment of PbA-infected mice was able to increase survival, prevent neurological signs and decrease parasitaemia at the beginning of infection. These effects were associated with systemically decreased levels of lipids and IFN-γ, ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CCR5 cerebral expression, preserving blood brain barrier integrity and attenuating the inflammatory lesions in the brain, liver and lungs. These results suggest that Ext-Ts could be a source of immunomodulatory and antimalarial compounds that could improve the treatment of cerebral malaria.
Mitral valve annuloplasty versus replacement for severe ischemic mitral regurgitation
Authors: Li Baotong , Chen Shanglin , Sun Hansong , Xu Jianping , Song Yunhu , Wang Wei , Wang Shuiyun 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAlthough practice guidelines recommend surgery for patients with severe chronic ischemic mitral regurgitation (CIMR), they do not specify whether to repair or replace the mitral valve. 436 consecutive patients with severe CIMR were eligible for inclusion in the study, of which 316 (72.5%) underwent mitral valve annuloplasty (MVA) whereas 120 (27.5%) received mitral valve replacement (MVR). At 59 months (interquartile range, 37–85 months) follow-up, though the left ventricle end-diastolic diameter was markedly larger (P = 0.019) in the MVA group than in the MVR group, no significant difference was observed in overall survival, freedom from cardiac death, or avoidance of major adverse cardiac or cerebrovascular events (MACCE). MVA provides better results in freedom from cardiac death in subgroups of age ≥65years and left ventricular ejection fraction (EF) ≥50% (P = 0.014 and P = 0.016, respectively), whereas MVR was associated with a lower risk of MACCE in subgroups of age <65years, EF <50% and left ventricular inferior basal wall motion abnormality (BWMA) (all P < 0.05). In conclusion, MVR is a suitable management of patients with severe CIMR, and it is more favorable to ventricular remodeling. The choice of MVA or MVR should depend on major high-risk clinical factors.
Activation of Activin receptor-like kinases curbs mucosal inflammation and proliferation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Tengroth Lotta , Arebro Julia , Larsson Olivia , Bachert Claus , Georén Susanna Kumlien , Cardell Lars-Olaf 
Published: January 2018

AbstractChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a widespread disease causing obstruction of the nasal cavity. Its cause remains unclear. The transforming growth-factor beta (TGF-β) superfamily and their receptors, termed Activin receptor-like kinases (ALKs), have recently been suggested to play a role in local airway inflammation, but have so far not been evaluated in human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) from CRSwNP patients. We demonstrated that ALK1–7 were expressed in the nasal polyp epithelium, and the expression of ALK1-6 was markedly elevated in polyps compared to nasal mucosa from healthy controls. Stimulation with the ALK ligand TGF-β1 decreased Ki67 expression in HNECs from CRSwNP patients, not evident in controls. Likewise, TGF-β1, Activin A and Activin B, all ALK ligands, decreased IL-8 release and Activin A and Activin B reduced ICAM1 expression on HNECs from CRSwNP patients, not seen in controls. Pre-stimulation with TGF-β1, Activin A, BMP4 and Activin B attenuated a TNF-α-induced ICAM1 upregulation on HNECs of CRSwNP. No effect was evident in controls. In conclusion, an increased expression of ALK1-6 was found on polyp epithelial cells and ligand stimulation appeared to reduce proliferation and local inflammation in polyps.
Two types of weight-dependent walks with a trap in weighted scale-free treelike networks
Authors: Dai Meifeng , Zong Yue , He Jiaojiao , Wang Xiaoqian , Sun Yu , Su Weiyi 
Published: January 2018

AbstractIn this paper, we present the weighted scale-free treelike networks controlled by the weight factor r and the parameter m. Based on the network structure, we study two types of weight-dependent walks with a highest-degree trap. One is standard weight-dependent walk, while the other is mixed weight-dependent walk including both nearest-neighbor and next-nearest-neighbor jumps. Although some properties have been revealed in weighted networks, studies on mixed weight-dependent walks are still less and remain a challenge. For the weighted scale-free treelike network, we derive exact solutions of the average trapping time (ATT) measuring the efficiency of the trapping process. The obtained results show that ATT is related to weight factor r, parameter m and spectral dimension of the weighted network. We find that in different range of the weight factor r, the leading term of ATT grows differently, i.e., superlinearly, linearly and sublinearly with the network size. Furthermore, the obtained results show that changing the walking rule has no effect on the leading scaling of the trapping efficiency. All results in this paper can help us get deeper understanding about the effect of link weight, network structure and the walking rule on the properties and functions of complex networks.
Vital Recorder—a free research tool for automatic recording of high-resolution time-synchronised physiological data from multiple anaesthesia devices
Authors: Lee Hyung-Chul , Jung Chul-Woo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe current anaesthesia information management system (AIMS) has limited capability for the acquisition of high-quality vital signs data. We have developed a Vital Recorder program to overcome the disadvantages of AIMS and to support research. Physiological data of surgical patients were collected from 10 operating rooms using the Vital Recorder. The basic equipment used were a patient monitor, the anaesthesia machine, and the bispectral index (BIS) monitor. Infusion pumps, cardiac output monitors, regional oximeter, and rapid infusion device were added as required. The automatic recording option was used exclusively and the status of recording was frequently checked through web monitoring. Automatic recording was successful in 98.5% (4,272/4,335) cases during eight months of operation. The total recorded time was 13,489 h (3.2 ± 1.9 h/case). The Vital Recorder’s automatic recording and remote monitoring capabilities enabled us to record physiological big data with minimal effort. The Vital Recorder also provided time-synchronised data captured from a variety of devices to facilitate an integrated analysis of vital signs data. The free distribution of the Vital Recorder is expected to improve data access for researchers attempting physiological data studies and to eliminate inequalities in research opportunities due to differences in data collection capabilities.
Beyond Royalactin and a master inducer explanation of phenotypic plasticity in honey bees
Authors: Maleszka Ryszard 
Published: January 2018

AbstractDistinct female castes produced from one genotype are the trademark of a successful evolutionary invention in eusocial insects known as reproductive division of labour. In honey bees, fertile queens develop from larvae fed a complex diet called royal jelly. Recently, one protein in royal jelly, dubbed Royalactin, was deemed to be the exclusive driver of queen bee determination. However, this notion has not been universally accepted. Here I critically evaluate this line of research and argue that the sheer complexity of creating alternate phenotypes from one genotype cannot be reduced to a single dietary component. An acceptable model of environmentally driven caste differentiation should include the facets of dynamic thinking, such as the concepts of attractor states and genetic hierarchical networks.
Neon, sulphur, and argon abundances of planetary nebulae in the sub-solar metallicity Galactic anti-centre
Authors: Pagomenos G. J. S. , Bernard-Salas J. , Pottasch S. R. 
Published: January 2018

Context.Spectra of planetary nebulae show numerous fine structure emission lines from ionic species, enabling us to study the overall abundances of the nebular material that is ejected into the interstellar medium. The abundances derived from planetary nebula emission show the presence of a metallicity gradient within the disk of the Milky Way up to Galactocentric distances of ~10 kpc, which are consistent with findings from studies of different types of sources, including H II regions and young B-type stars. The radial dependence of these abundances further from the Galactic centre is in dispute.Aims.We aim to derive the abundances of neon, sulphur and argon from a sample of planetary nebulae towards the Galactic anti-centre, which represent the abundances of the clouds from which they were formed, as they remain unchanged throughout the course of stellar evolution. We then aim to compare these values with similarly analysed data from elsewhere in the Milky Way in order to observe whether the abundance gradient continues in the outskirts of our Galaxy.Methods.We have observed 23 planetary nebulae at Galactocentric distances of 8–21 kpc withSpitzerIRS. The abundances were calculated from infrared emission lines, for which we observed the main ionisation states of neon, sulphur, and argon, which are little affected by extinction and uncertainties in temperature measurements or fluctuations within the planetary nebula. We have complemented these observations with others from optical studies in the literature, in order to reduce or avoid the need for ionisation correction factors in abundance calculations.Results.The overall abundances of our sample of planetary nebulae in the Galactic anti-centre are lower than those in the solar neighbourhood. The abundances of neon, sulphur, and argon from these stars are consistent with a metallicity gradient from the solar neighbourhood up to Galactocentric distances of ~20 kpc, albeit with varying degrees of dispersion within the data.
Recent Advances in Amide Reductions
Authors: Blanchet Jérôme , Chardon Aurélien , Morisset Eléonore , Rouden Jacques 
Published: January 2018

This short review highlights recent advances in amide reductions. The last two years have witnessed important developments with milestones reached in catalytic hydrogenations and hydrosilylations. While metal-catalyzed processes still focus tremendous efforts from the scientific community, methodologies based on the metal-free hydrosilylation of amides have definitively joined the competition.1	Introduction2	Recent Use of Stoichiometric Reducing Reagents3	Hydrogenations4	Hydrosilylations5	Conclusion and Outlook