bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Binding of bromocresol green and bromocresol purple to albumin in hemodialysis patients
Authors: Delanghe Sigurd , Biesen Wim Van , Velde Nadeige Van de , Eloot Sunny , Pletinck Anneleen , Schepers Eva , Glorieux Griet , Delanghe Joris R. , Speeckaert Marijn M. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBackground:Colorimetric albumin assays based on binding to bromocresol purple (BCP) and bromocresol green (BCG) yield different results in chronic kidney disease. Altered dye binding of carbamylated albumin has been suggested as a cause. In the present study, a detailed analysis was carried out in which uremic toxins, acute phase proteins and Kt/V, a parameter describing hemodialysis efficiency, were compared with colorimetrically assayed (BCP and BCG) serum albumin.Methods:Albumin was assayed using immunonephelometry on a BN II nephelometer and colorimetrically based on, respectively, BCP and BCG on a Modular P analyzer. Uremic toxins were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography. Acute phase proteins (C-reactive protein and α1-acid glycoprotein) and plasma protein α2-macroglobulin were assayed nephelometrically. In parallel, Kt/V was calculated.Results:Sixty-two serum specimens originating from hemodialysis patients were analyzed. Among the uremic toxins investigated, total para-cresyl sulfate (PCS) showed a significant positive correlation with the BCP/BCG ratio. The serum α1-acid glycoprotein concentration correlated negatively with the BCP/BCG ratio. The BCP/BCG ratio showed also a negative correlation with Kt/V.Conclusions:In renal insufficiency, the BCP/BCG ratio of serum albumin is affected by multiple factors: next to carbamylation, uremic toxins (total PCS) and α1-acid glycoprotein also play a role.
The quasi-arithmetic means and Cartan barycenters of compactly supported measures
Authors: Kim Sejong 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Since positive definite Hermitian matrices have become fundamental objects in many areas, a variety of theoretical and computational research topics have been arisen.
Especially, the average of positive definite matrices is a very important notion to see the central tendency of objects.
There are many different kinds of averages for a finite number of positive definite matrices such as quasi-arithmetic means, power means and Cartan barycenters.
We generalize these averages to the setting of positive definite matrices equipped with probability measures of compact support, and show the monotonicity of quasi-arithmetic means for parameters

≥
1

{\geq 1}

, and connections with inequalities between quasi-arithmetic means and power means, and between quasi-arithmetic means and Cartan barycenters.
Hydrodeoxygenation of fatty acid methyl ester in gas oil blend–NiMoS/alumina catalyst
Authors: Palanisamy Shanmugam , Gevert Börje S. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractHydrotreating of 10% fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) blended in gas oil was carried out by an NiMo-S/alumina catalyst and performed at an elevated temperature (300–400°C), a space velocity of 0.7–1.5 1/h and pressure 5 MPa. The gas oil was a straight run North Sea crude oil containing 295 ppm sulfur content which was desulfurized in a hydrotreating upgrading process. The physicochemical properties following hydroprocessing of FAME showed that sulfur content was reduced to 3 ppmw, with an increase in aromatic content and cloud point. It was confirmed that decarboxylation depends on temperature and space velocity and decarbonylation depends on temperature, but not on space velocity of feed. High sulfur content in the feedstock supports slow deactivation of the catalyst and low coke formation.
Strong edge geodetic problem in networks
Authors: Manuel Paul , Klavžar Sandi , Xavier Antony , Arokiaraj Andrew , Thomas Elizabeth 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Geodesic covering problems form a widely researched topic in graph theory. One such problem is geodetic problem introduced by Harary et al. [Math. Comput. Modelling, 1993, 17, 89-95]. Here we introduce a variation of the geodetic problem and call it strong edge geodetic problem. We illustrate how this problem is evolved from social transport networks. It is shown that the strong edge geodetic problem is NP-complete. We derive lower and upper bounds for the strong edge geodetic number and demonstrate that these bounds are sharp. We produce exact solutions for trees, block graphs, silicate networks and glued binary trees without randomization.
Ricci solitons on almost Kenmotsu 3-manifolds
Authors: Wang Yaning 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
Let (M3, g) be an almost Kenmotsu 3-manifold such that the Reeb vector field is an eigenvector field of the Ricci operator. In this paper, we prove that if g represents a Ricci soliton whose potential vector field is orthogonal to the Reeb vector field, then M3 is locally isometric to either the hyperbolic space ℍ3(−1) or a non-unimodular Lie group equipped with a left invariant non-Kenmotsu almost Kenmotsu structure. In particular, when g represents a gradient Ricci soliton whose potential vector field is orthogonal to the Reeb vector field, then M3 is locally isometric to either ℍ3(−1) or ℍ2(−4) × ℝ.
Synthesis of Nanostructured Tin Oxide by Sol–Gel and Sonochemical Approaches in an Ionic Liquid
Authors: Farag Hala K. , Abbas Hussein 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
The present paper shows a comparative study on the synthesis of nanostructured tin oxide in the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethylsulfonate ([EMIm]TfO) by sol–gel and sonochemical methods. The XRD results of the synthesized materials revealed the formation of single tetragonal phase of SnO2 by sol–gel method whereas a mixture of tetragonal SnO and orthorhombic SnO2 phases was obtained by the sonochemical method. The sonochemical approach led to the formation of finer nanoparticales with a higher specific surface area than that of the sol–gel synthesized oxide. The average sizes of tin oxide nanoparticles were found to be about 30 nm and 15 nm for the particles obtained by sol–gel and sonochemical methods, respectively. The surface area of SnO2 nanopowder obtained by the sol–gel method (calcined at 500 °C) was estimated to be 11.6 m2 g−1, and the mean pore diameter was found to be 6.33 nm. Whereas the mixed SnO/SnO2 sample (calcined at 500 °C) obtained by the sonochemical method exhibited a higher surface area of 43.11 m2 g−1 and an average pore diameter of 1.90 nm. The band gap of the synthesized tin oxides was estimated from the UV-vis. results to be 4.01 and 4.25 eV for the sol–gel and sonochemically synthesized samples, respectively.
Confronting Political Disagreement about Sentencing
Authors: Mayer Seth , Patti F. Italia 
Published: October 2017

There is broad agreement that the American criminal sentencing system is deeply flawed, yet current theoretical frameworks for sentencing have failed to offer a way forward for reform. These frameworks have not faced up to political disagreement over sentencing. Instead, they either try to impose disputed moral theories (such as retributivism or consequentialism), or they downplay normative considerations and seek to impose numerically consistent, rather than normatively justified, sentences. That is, the first, moral approach tries to impose a specific moral view in spite of disagreement, while the second, empirical approach tries and fails to repress disagreement and normative debate. The failures of both approaches are in evidence in the process that led to the development of the United States Sentencing Guidelines.
A framework for sentencing that directly and effectively confronts political disagreement is necessary. This Article is the first to offer such a framework. It draws on deliberative democratic conceptions of legitimacy to develop a framework for sentencing that addresses disagreement. Deliberative democracy offers a normatively grounded approach to managing disagreement through collective reasoning, which aims to place the legal system under public control. This Article articulates criteria for evaluating legal systems from the perspective of a particular conception of deliberative democratic legitimacy. In light of these criteria, it offers reforms to enable the current system to better embody deliberative democracy, to confront political disagreement over sentencing, and to improve the troubled sentencing system through public reasoning.
Ketosis-prone diabetes and SLE co-presenting in an African lady with previous gestational diabetes
Authors: Hussain S , Keat S , Gelding S V 
Published: October 2017

Summary
We describe the case of an African woman who was diagnosed with ketosis-prone diabetes with diabetes-associated autoantibodies, after being admitted for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) precipitated by her first presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). She had a seven-year history of recurrent gestational diabetes (GDM) not requiring insulin therapy, with return to normoglycaemia after each pregnancy. This might have suggested that she had now developed type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the diagnosis of SLE prompted testing for an autoimmune aetiology for the diabetes, and she was found to have a very high titre of GAD antibodies. Typical type 1 diabetes (T1D) was thought unlikely due to the long preceding history of GDM. Latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA) was considered, but ruled out as she required insulin therapy from diagnosis. The challenge of identifying the type of diabetes when clinical features overlap the various diabetes categories is discussed. This is the first report of autoimmune ketosis-prone diabetes (KPD) presenting with new onset of SLE.

Learning points:

DKA may be the first presentation of a multi-system condition and a precipitating cause should always be sought, particularly in women with a history of GDM or suspected T2D.

All women with GDM should undergo repeat glucose tolerance testing postpartum to exclude frank diabetes, even when post-delivery capillary blood glucose (CBG) tests are normal. They should also be advised to continue CBG monitoring during acute illness in case of new onset diabetes.

KPD comprises a spectrum of diabetes syndromes that present with DKA, but subsequently have a variable course depending on the presence or absence of beta cell failure and/or diabetes autoantibodies.

KPD should be considered in a patient with presumed T2D presenting with DKA, especially if there is a personal or family history of autoimmune diabetes.

LADA should be suspected in adults presumed to have T2D, who do not require insulin therapy for at least six months after diagnosis and have anti-GAD antibodies.

Patients with autoimmune diabetes have an increased risk of other autoimmune diseases and screening for thyroid, parietal cell, coeliac and antinuclear antibodies should be considered.
MECHANISMS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY: Maternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy and behavioural and psychiatric disorders of children: a systematic review
Authors: Fetene Dagnachew Muluye , Betts Kim S , Alati Rosa 
Published: October 2017

BackgroundMaternal thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy may lead to persistent neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring appearing in later life. This study aimed to review the available evidence concerning the relationship between maternal thyroid status during pregnancy and offspring behavioural and psychiatric disorders.MethodsSystematic electronic database searches were conducted using PubMed, Embase, PsycNET, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochrane library. Studies including gestational thyroid dysfunction as the exposure and offspring behavioural and psychiatric disorders as the outcome were included. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline was followed and, after thorough screening by two independent reviewers, 13 articles remained eligible for inclusion in this study.ResultsIndicators of maternal thyroid dysfunction, including low and high thyroid hormone level and autoimmune thyroiditis, during early pregnancy, were found to be associated with several offspring behavioural and psychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, pervasive developmental problems, externalising behaviour, in addition to epilepsy and seizure. The majority of associations were found with low maternal thyroid hormone level.ConclusionMaternal thyroid function during pregnancy, particularly hypothyroidism, is associated with behavioural and psychiatric disorders in children. Further studies are needed with a capacity to adjust for a fuller range of confounding factors.
Exposure assessment of carbon nanotubes at pilot factory focusing on quantitative determination of catalytic metals
Authors: Kato Nobuyuki , Nagaya Taiki , Matsui Yasuto , Yoneda Minoru 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objectives
The application of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) currently extends to various fields. However, it has been reported that exposure to CNT causes hazardous effects on animals and cells. The purpose of this study was to quantify the exposure to MWCNT in MWCNT/polymer composites for exposure assessment. We focused on catalytic metals included in the MWCNT and the diameter of dust released during the working processes. Although the Co in MWCNTs is not a common catalyst, it was used as a tracer in this study.

Methods
A field survey was conducted in a MWCNT/polymer composite pilot factory. Airborne MWCNTs were monitored using black carbon monitors (BCMs) and optical particle sizers (OPSs) and collected on a filter. The MWCNT powder, all polymer resins used during the working processes, and the filter were analyzed in our lab using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and electron microscopic observation.

Results
The mean concentration of airborne MWCNT contained in the collected dust was 0.92 μg/m3 a few meters away from the extruder during the working processes (using elemental analysis). The maximum concentration measured using BCMs was shown to be seven times higher than the base concentration during the pelletizing process of polycarbonate (PC) and MWCNT composites. However, free, isolated, and unbound agglomerated MWCNTs were not detected using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observation.

Conclusions
The result obtained by elemental analysis indicated it was possible to quantify MWCNT in composites. The mean concentration at this factory was lower than the recommended exposure limit. However, additional studies during the pelletizing process are required in the future.
Measurement of nanoparticle exposure in crematoriums and estimation of respiratory deposition of the nanoparticles by number and size distribution
Authors: Kato Nobuyuki , Mastui Yasuto , Takaoka Masaki , Yoneda Minoru 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Nanoparticles (NPs), including hazardous substances, are generated in crematoriums due to the high temperatures during the combustion process. NPs are reported to greatly impact animals’ health by reaching the alveoli and being carried to the entire body through the blood stream. However, studies in crematoriums have yet to assess workers’ exposure to the generated NPs. The purpose of this study is to assess workers’ exposure to NPs released in crematoriums.

Methods
Field surveys were conducted in three crematoriums with an emphasis on cremation, bone rearrangement and cleaning processes. The NP concentrations and size distributions were analyzed. The deposition of NPs in each respiratory region during each working process was calculated based on the measured data using the Human Respiratory Tract Model.

Results
The mean particle number concentration was maximized momentarily during the bone rearrangement process. The concentration at the time a crematory’s door was opened was 500,000 particle/cm3. NPs aggregated to micro-sized particles within a few minutes, dust generated by the bone rearrangement, or both. As a result of model calculation, the mean ratios (alveolar per the other regions by a crematory) were approximately 3.0 (bronchus and bronchioles regions: except for the first survey in crematorium A which had the obstruction of measurement) and 4.3 (extrathoracic airways). The ratios were similar for all crematoriums.

Conclusions
These results can be used for health risk assessments in crematoriums. In addition, these results should be applicable to estimate the inhalation unit risk of each respiratory organ such as lungs and nose.
The reciprocal relationship between sickness presenteeism and psychological distress in response to job stressors: evidence from a three-wave cohort study
Authors: Oshio Takashi , Tsutsumi Akizumi , Inoue Akiomi , Suzuki Tomoko , Miyaki Koichi 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Objectives
Sickness presenteeism (SP) is postulated as workers’ response to their general state of health; hence, SP is expected to affect workers’ future health. In the present study, we examined the reciprocal relationship between SP and health in response to job stressors, with specific reference to psychological distress (PD) as workers’ state of health.

Methods
We conducted mediation analysis, using data from a three-wave cohort occupational survey conducted at 1-year intervals in Japan; it involved 1,853 employees (1,661 men and 192 women) of a manufacturing firm. We measured SP and PD, using the World Health Organization Health and Work Performance Questionnaire and Kessler 6 score, respectively. For job stressors, we considered job demands and control, effort and reward, and procedural and interactional justice.

Results
PD mediated 11.5%-36.2% of the impact of job control, reward, and procedural and interactional justice on SP, whereas SP mediated their impact on PD, albeit to a much lesser extent in the range of 3.4%-11.3%. Unlike in the cases of these job stressors related to job resources, neither SP nor PD mediated the impact of job demands or effort.

Conclusions
Our results confirmed the reciprocal relationship between SP and PD in response to selected types of job stressors, emphasizing the need for more in-depth analysis of the dynamics of these associations.
Flow Processing as a Tool for API Production in Developing Economies
Authors: de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , Watts Paul 
Published: October 2017

Abstract
In this perspective article, the use of continuous flow synthesis to prepare advanced pharmaceutical intermediates in developing economies is highlighted. Case studies are presented to suggest that cost effective local manufacture of life saving drugs, may potentially be implemented to facilitate better access to drugs to the underprivileged.
Presence of Baudelaire in Today’s Japanese Manga: The Flowers of Evil (Aku no Hana, 2009-2014) by Shuzo Oshimi
Authors: Hirota Daichi 
Published: October 2017

Aku no Hana (The Flowers of Evil) is a manga written and drawn by Shūzō Oshimi between 2009 and 2014. These 11 volumes, which sold more than 2,000,000 copies, were a commercial success, subsequently partially adapted into an animated Japanese television show of 13 episodes, which aired in 2013.
Kasuga, the main character of the series, is an adolescent bored with his mediocre life in a rural village. Under the influence of his father, who is also a literature fanatic, he develops a passionate appreciation for Les Fleurs du Mal, even if his reading of the Japanese translation of this complex text does not permit a comprehension of it’s dark and erotic atmosphere. One day, finding himself alone in the classroom, he steals the mini-skirt of the most popular girl in the class, Sakei. The only witness to this perverse act is Nakamura, another girl in the class, who begins to torment Kasuga with the threat of revealing his sexual crime.
Through the analysis of Baudelaire’s role in this manga, I hope to outline the French poet’s current reception in Japan, which, even if diminished, still exists in this country where French literature has become less popular than it was a half century ago.
Effectiveness of Oncologist-Referred Exercise and Healthy Eating Programming as a Part of Supportive Adjuvant Care for Early Breast Cancer
Authors: Kirkham Amy A. , Van Patten Cheri L. , Gelmon Karen A. , McKenzie Donald C. , Bonsignore Alis , Bland Kelcey A. , Campbell Kristin L. 
Published: October 2017

Abstract

Background
Randomized trials have established efficacy of supervised exercise training during chemotherapy for breast cancer for numerous health outcomes. The purpose of this study was to assess reach, effectiveness, maintenance, and implementation of an evidence-based exercise and healthy eating program offered within an adjuvant care setting.

Subjects, Materials, and Methods
Women receiving adjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer were given a prescription by their oncologist to participate in the Nutrition and Exercise during Adjuvant Treatment (NExT) program. The NExT program consisted of supervised, moderate-intensity, aerobic and resistance exercise three times a week during adjuvant therapy, followed by a step-down in supervised sessions per week for 20 additional weeks, plus one group-based healthy eating session. Usual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) were assessed by questionnaire at baseline, program completion, and one year later, along with measures of satisfaction and safety.

Results
Program reach encompassed referral of 53% of eligible patients, 78% uptake (n = 73 enrolled), and 78% retention for the 45.0 ± 8.3-week program. During the program, MVPA increased (116 ± 14 to 154 ± 14 minutes per week, p = .014) and HRQoL did not change. One year later, MVPA (171 ± 24 minutes per week, p = .014) and HRQoL (44 ± 1 to 49 ± 1, p &lt; .001) were significantly higher than baseline. Exercise adherence was 60% ± 26% to three sessions per week during treatment. No major adverse events occurred and injury prevalence did not change relative to baseline. Participants were highly satisfied.

Conclusion
This oncologist-referred exercise and healthy eating supportive-care program for breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy was safe, successful in reaching oncologists and patients, and effective for improving MVPA and maintaining HRQoL.

Implications for Practice
Despite evidence that exercise is both safe and efficacious at improving physical fitness, quality of life, and treatment side effects for individuals with cancer, lifestyle programming is not offered as standard of cancer care. This study describes an oncologist-referred, evidence-based exercise and healthy eating program offered in collaboration with a university as supportive care to women with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. The program was well received by oncologists and patients, safe, and relatively inexpensive to operate. Importantly, there was a significant positive impact on physical activity levels and health-related quality of life lasting for 2 years after initiation of therapy.
Sensibilidade Como Ferramenta Acadêmica: a Experiência do Programa de Educação Tutorial Vila Boa
Authors: Barbosa Lívia , De Carvalho Maria Meire , Neto Paulo Dante , Vitorino Laís Gonçalves 
Published: October 2017

Resumo: o Programa de Educação Tutorial da Universidade Federal de Goiás da Regional Goiás, da Cidade de Goiás (PET Vila Boa) surge em uma perspectiva crítica, com uma proposta de resistência à prática científica tradicional por meio da incorporação de novas ferramentas acadêmicas em suas atividades de pesquisa e extensão. A crítica pós-moderna e os debates sobre gênero fundamentam as discussões e servem como base para a construção coletiva do exercício da sensibilidade. Esse artigo revisa a ideia da sensibilidade como uma ferramenta acadêmica fundamental para a promoção de uma prática científica mais próxima das necessidades humanas e da complexidade das demandas sociais.
Palavras-chave: Sensibilidade. Estudos de gênero. Crítica pós-moderna. Programa de Educação Tutorial.