bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Osteopathic Approach to Chronic Pain Management
Authors: Jerome John A. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Chronic pain reduces quality of life and productivity, costing billions in health care dollars and lost revenue. Physicians routinely prescribe opioids, which has led to opioid addiction and overdose. The US surgeon general recommends nonpharmacologic treatment for patients with chronic pain. A paradigm shift is necessary for patients to partner with physicians to take control of their own health. This article outlines the cognitive behavioral approaches, nonopioid therapies, and nonpharmacologic therapies that osteopathic physicians can integrate in their treatment of patients with chronic pain.
Preparing Physicians for Rural-Based Primary Care Practice: A Preliminary Evaluation of Rural Training Initiatives at OSU-COM
Authors: Wheeler Denna L. , Hackler Jeffrey B. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The physician shortage in Oklahoma coupled with geographic maldistribution of primary care physicians limits access to care in rural and underserved areas. One of the most effective strategies to recruit and retain physicians in rural areas is to create undergraduate and graduate medical education training sites in these locations. Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences College of Osteopathic Medicine has implemented a rural training program that begins with early recruitment of rural high school students, introduces medical students to rural practice options through rural clinical training opportunities, and provides opportunities to remain in rural Oklahoma for residency training through ongoing graduate medical education development. The purpose of this article is to provide a case study of the development of the college's Rural Medical Track. Preliminary findings indicate that rural-based clinical training for third- and fourth-year students strengthens performance on standardized tests.
Perceptions of Challenges in Writing Academically: Iranian Postgraduate Students’ Perspectives
Authors: Shakib Kotamjani Sedigheh , Hussin Habsah 
Published: May 2017

Academic writing skills are essential tools that postgraduate students reading for their doctoral degree have to master to be able to produce dissertations, research reports and academic assignments of quality in the course of their studies; and publish research-based articles in established journals. This paper discusses the perceptions of a group of Iranian postgraduate students pursuing their doctoral degrees at UPM (Universiti Putra Malaysia) on the challenges they face in writing academically. They provided the data for this paper via their responses to a survey. The findings indicate that these postgraduate students perceived some academic writing skills to be more challenging than the others. The paper concludes with a discussion on the implications of the findings; and recommendations on how the situation can be improved.
Investigation of Semiotics in Public Service Anouncement of Radio Health Channel
Authors: Jolani Tahere , Pahlavannezhad Mohammadreza , Khojaste Hasan 
Published: May 2017

Semiotics is one of the branches seem that comprehending of It is very helpful in the process of programming the new structures in the mass media programming ; and one of these new formats called public service announcement (PSA) is not an exception among them. The author of this study examines the semiotics of factors and constructive elements of PSA in the radio channel of health. A channel that appears in today's fast world has very important tips in health realm.
Lacanian Reading of Marsha Norman's Night, Mother
Authors: Taherifard Khadijeh , Eslamieh Razieh 
Published: May 2017

This paper offers a Lacanian/feminist reading of Night, Mother by the American playwright Marsha Norman. The play Night, Mother will be read according to Lacan’s point of view and the concepts of identity and identity formation are studied in this paper. The play will be analyzed based on the Lacanian concepts of the contrast between the Imaginary Order and the Symbolic Order, and the notion of Death Drive, suggesting that in the play Jessie represents the Symbolic Order and her mother, Thelma, represents the Imaginary Order. The notion of Death Drive and its omnipresence in Jessie’s psyche is discussed and emphasized. Thelma functions as the Other for Jessie, while her father functions as the Mother, a reversal of gender roles in the Lacanian reading. Moreover, the relationship between some of the concepts are explained. It will be explicated how the play can be brought in line with a feminist reading of Lacan by reversing the stereotypical gender roles and subsequently getting close to post-feminist authors.
Souvenirs gastronômicos na percepção do turista: o caso do queijo minas artesanal do serro
Authors: Medeiros Mirna de Lima , Horodyski Graziela Scalise , Passador João Luiz 
Published: May 2017

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o queijo minas artesanal como souvenir gastronômico, sob a percepção do turista. A justificativa do tema refere-se ao fato de que os souvenirs carregam diversos significados para o turista e também servem à divulgação do destino. Os souvenirs gastronômicos permitem uma memória gustativa e um compartilhamento da vivência diferenciado. A escolha do queijo minas artesanal do Serro como souvenir gastronômico deu-se pelo fato desse produto ser componente da cultura do estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil) e detém registro de patrimônio imaterial e de indicação geográfica. A abordagem da pesquisa foi quanti-qualitativa e optou-se pela metodologia de questionário aplicado online a pessoas que viajaram à região produtora. Obteve-se 129 respostas, das quais 103 consideradas válidas. Também foi realizada observação direta em locais de comercialização durante pesquisa de campo. Sua originalidade decorre dos escassos trabalhos sobre souvenirs gastronômicos e mais especificamente sobre produtos com registro de indicação geográfica como souvenirs dessa categoria. Os resultados apontam fragilidades na comercialização do produto como souvenir gastronômico. Entretanto, os respondentes demonstraram atitude favorável a questões relacionadas a identidade diferenciadora, identificação da origem, embalagem adequada e transporte facilitado. Os achados são congruentes com a proposta de Horodyski et al. (2014).
Efficacy of long-acting, injectable versus oral naltrexone for preventing admissions for alcohol use disorder
Authors: Beatty Allison , Stock Christopher 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Introduction:
Approximately 17 million Americans and 300 000 veterans have an alcohol use disorder (AUD). Both oral naltrexone (NTX) and long-acting, injectable naltrexone (LAI NTX) are FDA-approved to treat AUD. LAI NTX is often reserved for patients with adherence concerns due to considerable differences in drug cost and administration requirements. To date, there are no randomized trials comparing efficacy of LAI NTX to oral NTX. This retrospective cohort study compared clinical outcomes in veterans treated with LAI NTX or oral NTX.

Methods:
Health care utilization in veterans at 1 Veterans Affairs facility treated for AUD with oral NTX and LAI NTX was compared. The primary outcome was 90-day alcohol-related hospital admissions per patient (ARA90). Secondary outcomes included 90-day outpatient clinic and emergency department visits and 30-day alcohol-related admissions (ARA30). Inclusion criteria included first-time prescription of NTX for AUD from January 1, 2015, through December 1, 2015. Veterans receiving concurrent acamprosate or disulfiram were excluded.

Results:
Seventy-nine patients were included with 65 in the oral NTX group and 14 in the LAI NTX group. The ARA90 was 0.17 for the oral NTX group and 0.64 for the LAI NTX group (P = .06). The oral NTX group had significantly fewer ARA30 than the LAI NTX group (P &lt; .01). Oral NTX also had significantly lower health care utilization for all other parameters.

Discussion:
Oral NTX was associated with lower health care utilization compared to LAI NTX in this veteran population. This indicates that LAI NTX may not provide additional benefit justifying the cost. This study had several limitations. Randomized trials comparing efficacy between oral NTX and LAI NTX are needed.
Locating dayside magnetopause reconnection with exhaust ion distributions
Authors: Broll J. M. , Fuselier S. A. , Trattner K. J. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMagnetic reconnection at Earth's dayside magnetopause is essential to magnetospheric dynamics. Determining where reconnection takes place is important to understanding the processes involved, and many questions about reconnection location remain unanswered. We present a method for locating the magnetic reconnection X line at Earth's dayside magnetopause under southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions using only ion velocity distribution measurements. Particle‐in‐cell simulations based on Cluster magnetopause crossings produce ion velocity distributions that we propagate through a model magnetosphere, allowing us to calculate the field‐aligned distance between an exhaust observation and its associated reconnection line. We demonstrate this procedure for two events and compare our results with those of the Maximum Magnetic Shear Model; we find good agreement with its results and show that when our method is applicable, it produces more precise locations than the Maximum Shear Model.
High‐latitude GPS phase scintillation from E region electron density gradients during the 20–21 December 2015 geomagnetic storm
Authors: Loucks Diana , Palo Scott , Pilinski Marcin , Crowley Geoff , Azeem Irfan , Hampton Don 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA novel operating mode for Poker Flat Incoherent Scatter Radar (PFISR) has been developed to support the study of GPS L1 scintillations arising from electron density gradients over Alaska. Previous authors have combined GPS scintillation data with either PFISR or multispectral imagery in this region. This analysis combines all three techniques to determine both gradient parameters as well as the most likely ionospheric source, including a conjunction analysis between GPS signals and known PFISR beams. This approach was used to study scintillation events observed in December 2015. These events were recorded during the recovery phase of a geomagnetic storm that ensued on 20 December when the Earth passed through the path of a solar CME (DST minimum near −170 nT, Kp peak of 7). Two scintillation events were detected through analysis of the phase scintillation index (σϕ), calculated from an Atmospheric and Space Technology Research Associates' Connected Autonomous Space Environment Sensor GPS receiver at Poker Flat. Values of σϕ≃0.5 and σϕ≃1.6 cycles were recorded for these events. Concurrently, an experiment on PFISR was run to discern the electron density along the GPS signal line of site, and the imager observed the 428.7 nm, 557.7 nm, and 630.0 nm emission lines during the experiment window. From the ratios of derived emission intensities, estimates of precipitating particle energies were made allowing confirmation of the altitudes associated with the electron density peaks determined using raw radar returns from PFISR. Results indicate that temporal and spatial electron density gradients existed along the signal's path during periods of highest scintillation, which resulted from impact ionization from auroral particle precipitation at E region altitudes.
Assimilation of AERONET and MODIS AOT observations using variational and ensemble data assimilation methods and its impact on aerosol forecasting skill
Authors: Rubin Juli I. , Reid Jeffrey S. , Hansen James A. , Anderson Jeffrey L. , Holben Brent N. , Xian Peng , Westphal Douglas L. , Zhang Jianglong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractData assimilation of Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) aerosol optical thickness (AOT) for aerosol forecasting was tested within the Navy Aerosol Analysis Prediction System (NAAPS) framework, using variational and ensemble data assimilation methods. Navy aerosol forecasting currently makes use of a deterministic NAAPS simulation coupled to Navy Variational Data Assimilation System for aerosol optical depth, a two‐dimensional variational data assimilation system, for MODIS AOT assimilation. An ensemble version of NAAPS (ENAAPS) coupled to an ensemble adjustment Kalman filter (EAKF) from the Data Assimilation Research Testbed was recently developed, allowing for a range of data assimilation and forecasting experiments to be run with deterministic NAAPS and ENAAPS. The main findings are that the EAKF, with its flow‐dependent error covariances, makes better use of sparse observations such as AERONET AOT. Assimilating individual AERONET observations in the two‐dimensional variational system can increase the analysis errors when observations are located in high AOT gradient regions. By including AERONET with MODIS AOT assimilation, the magnitudes of peak aerosol events (AOT > 1) were better captured with improved temporal variability, especially in India and Asia where aerosol prediction is a challenge. Assimilating AERONET AOT with MODIS had little impact on the 24 h forecast skill compared to MODIS assimilation only, but differences were found downwind of AERONET sites. The 24 h forecast skill was approximately the same for forecasts initialized with analyses from AERONET AOT assimilation alone compared to MODIS assimilation, particularly in regions where the AERONET network is dense; including the United States and Europe, indicating that AERONET could serve as a backup observation network for over‐land synoptic‐scale aerosol events.
Aerosol removal and cloud collapse accelerated by supersaturation fluctuations in turbulence
Authors: Chandrakar K. K. , Cantrell W. , Ciochetto D. , Karki S. , Kinney G. , Shaw R. A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractPrior observations have documented the process of cloud cleansing, through which cloudy, polluted air from a continent is slowly transformed into cloudy, clean air typical of a maritime environment. During that process, cloud albedo changes gradually, followed by a sudden reduction in cloud fraction and albedo as drizzle forms and convection changes from closed to open cellular. Experiments in a cloud chamber that generates a turbulent environment show a similar cloud cleansing process followed by rapid cloud collapse. Observations of (1) cloud droplet size distribution, (2) interstitial aerosol size distribution, (3) cloud droplet residual size distribution, and (4) water vapor supersaturation are all consistent with the hypothesis that turbulent fluctuations of supersaturation accelerate the cloud cleansing process and eventual cloud collapse. Decay of the interstitial aerosol concentration occurs slowly at first then more rapidly. The accelerated cleansing occurs when the cloud phase relaxation time exceeds the turbulence correlation time.
Cosmic radio noise absorption in the high‐latitude ionosphere during solar wind high‐speed streams
Authors: Grandin M. , Aikio A. T. , Kozlovsky A. , Ulich T. , Raita T. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe effect of solar wind high‐speed streams (HSSs) on energetic particle precipitation at auroral and subauroral latitudes (L = 3.8–5.7) is studied by using cosmic noise absorption (CNA) data measured by the Finnish riometer chain during 95 HSS events occurring between 2006 and 2008. The data are divided into “long” and “short” HSS events, depending on whether the maximum solar wind speed is reached within 24 h or later after the arrival of the corotating interaction region (CIR) at the bow shock. We find that CNA is more frequent during long events and extends to subauroral latitudes, unlike during short events. CNA is observed for at least 4 days after the CIR arrival during long events, and only 3 days during short events. In addition, CNA is divided into three categories, depending on whether it is associated with local substorm activity, with ultralow frequency (ULF) wave activity, or neither of these. Substorm‐type CNA dominates in the 21–06 magnetic local time (MLT) sector, while ULF‐type CNA dominates from morning to afternoon and follows the daily SYM‐H index variations. This indicates the importance of having energetic (E > 30 keV) electrons available for interacting with the very low frequency (VLF) chorus waves, which may be modulated by ULF waves. Finally, we find a correlation between ULF‐type CNA on the dayside and substorm activity on the nightside with a 30 min delay, suggesting that substorm injections energize electrons, which then drift to the morning and dayside, where they precipitate into the ionosphere.
Radiation belt electron dynamics at low L (<4): Van Allen Probes era versus previous two solar cycles
Authors: Li X. , Baker D. N. , Zhao H. , Zhang K. , Jaynes A. N. , Schiller Q. , Kanekal S. G. , Blake J. B. , Temerin M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractLong‐term (>2 solar cycles) measurements reveal that MeV electron fluxes, solar wind speed, and geomagnetic activity have been extremely low during this current solar cycle, including years before and during the Van Allen Probes era. This study examines solar wind speed, the geomagnetic storm index (Dst), >2 MeV electrons at geostationary orbit, and ~2 MeV electrons across various L shells measured by Solar Anomalous Magnetospheric Particle Explorer in low Earth orbit (LEO) and by the Van Allen Probes/Relativistic Electron and Proton Telescope (REPT) in a geotransfer‐like orbit; the latter measurements are normalized to LEO based on comparison with Colorado Student Space Weather Experiment/Relativistic Electron and Proton Telescope integrated little experiment (REPTile) measurements in LEO. The average ratio of REPTile/REPT varies in a systematic manner with L, ~16% at L = 2.7, decreasing with L and reaching ~0.7% at L = 4.7, and increasing again with L though with greater uncertainty. We show that there have been no ~2 MeV electron enhancements inside L ~ 2.6 since 2006, prior to which numerous penetrations of ~2 MeV electrons into L < 2.5 were measured during periods of stronger solar wind conditions (in terms of high‐speed solar wind, magnitude of interplanetary magnetic field, B, and a sustained southward Bz) and thus stronger geomagnetic activity. We conclude that results from the Van Allen Probes, which have been providing the finest measurements but in operation during a quiet solar activity period, may not be representative of radiation belt dynamics, particularly for the inner edge of the outer belt, during other solar cycle phases.
Atmospheric scattering effects on ground‐based measurements of thermospheric vertical wind, horizontal wind, and temperature
Authors: Harding Brian. J. , Makela Jonathan J. , Qin Jianqi , Fisher Daniel J. , Martinis Carlos R. , Noto John , Wrasse Cristiano M. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractGround‐based Fabry‐Perot interferometers routinely observe large vertical winds in the thermosphere, sometimes reaching over 100 m/s. These observations, which use the Doppler shift of the 630.0 nm airglow emission to estimate the wind, have long been at odds with theory. We present a summary of 5 years of data from the North American Thermosphere‐Ionosphere Observing Network, showing that large apparent vertical winds are a persistent feature at midlatitudes during geomagnetic storms. We develop a radiative transfer model which demonstrates that these measurements can be explained as an artifact of the scattering of light in the troposphere. In addition to the example from midlatitudes, we apply the model to low latitudes, where we show that the postsunset vertical winds routinely measured over Brazil are explained in part by atmospheric scattering. Measurements of the horizontal wind and temperature are also affected, with errors reaching 400 m/s and 200 K in the most extreme cases.
Body frame size in school children is related to the amount of adipose tissue in different depots but not to adipose distribution
Authors: Guzmán‐de la Garza Francisco J. , González Ayala Alejandra E. , Gómez Nava Marisol , Martínez Monsiváis Leislie I. , Salinas Martínez Ana M. , Ramírez López Erik , Mathiew Quirós Alvaro , Garcia Quintanilla Francisco 
Published: April 2017

AbstractObjectivesThe main aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that body frame size is related to the amount of fat in different adipose tissue depots and to fat distribution in schoolchildren.METHODSChildren aged between 5 and 10 years were included in this cross‐sectional study (n = 565). Body frame size, adiposity markers (anthropometric, skinfolds thickness, and ultrasound measures), and fat distribution indices were analyzed. Correlation coefficients adjusted by reliability were estimated and analyzed by sex; the significance of the difference between two correlation coefficients was assessed using the Fisher z‐transformation.RESULTSThe sample included primarily urban children; 58.6% were normal weight, 16.1% overweight, 19.6% obese, and the rest were underweight. Markers of subcutaneous adiposity, fat mass and fat‐free mass, and preperitoneal adiposity showed higher and significant correlations with the sum of the biacromial + bitrochanteric diameter than with the elbow diameter, regardless of sex. The fat distribution conicity index presented significant but weak correlations; and visceral adipose tissue, hepatic steatosis, and the waist‐for‐hip ratio were not significantly correlated with body frame size measures.CONCLUSIONSBody frame size in school children was related to the amount of adipose tissue in different depots, but not adipose distribution. More studies are needed to confirm this relationship and its importance to predict changes in visceral fat deposition during growth.
Water as a Hydroxy Source in a RhIII‐Catalyzed Directed C−H Hydroxylation of 2‐Arylpyridines
Authors: Kim Kiseong , Hyun Jaeyong , Kim Jin , Kim Hyunwoo 
Published: April 2017

AbstractA [RhIIICp*]‐catalyzed directed C−H hydroxylation of 2‐arylpyridines is described (Cp*=1,2,3,4,5‐pentamethylcyclopenta‐2,4‐dienyl), in which the combination of [(RhCp*Cl2)2]/AgF, PhI(OPiv)2, and water is used an effective catalytic system. According to our mechanistic studies, including 18O‐labeling experiments and X‐ray crystallographic analysis of an intermediate Rh complex, we demonstrate that water and PhI(OPiv)2 are required for Rh catalysis as the hydroxy source and the oxidant, respectively.
The Schlafen family: complex roles in different cell types and virus replication
Authors: Liu Furao , Zhou Pingting , Wang Qian , Zhang Meichao , Li Dong 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe Schlafen (slfn) gene family members express broadly, but the research has mainly focused on human slfn (h‐slfn) and mouse slfn (m‐slfn). The slfn members can be divided into three groups, and each group has its own characteristics and functions. Although the effects of slfns are still poorly understood, it has been confirmed that slfns are involved in the defense of immune system and regulate immune cells’ proliferation and differentiation. In some malignant tumors, the slfn proteins can inhibit the growth and invasion of cancer cells, promote cancer cells sensibility to chemotherapeutics, and can be a promising new therapeutic target. In addition, the slfn proteins also disturb replication and virulence of viruses. In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the Schlafen family's structures and functions with the aim to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of slfns.