bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ischemic stroke incidence in intermediate or high-risk patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement versus surgical aortic valve replacement: a comparative systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rehman Shahzaib , Ghani Mahrukh , Riaz Anshahrah , Raza Syeda Sadia Masood , Zahid Mariam , Malik Muhammad Hammad Zahid , Amir Arman , Lokesh Ethuri , Ashrita Kovvuru , Kachhadia Meet Popatbhai , Karmani Vikash Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background and purpose
This comparative systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the incidence of ischemic stroke in intermediate-to-high-risk patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement versus surgical aortic valve replacement.

Methods
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following the PRISMA guidelines, searching PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases from their inception to December 2023. The evaluated outcomes were primarily incidence of stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA), along with other secondary safety end-points at 30 days and 1 year post-procedure. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were utilized for each study, employing a random-effects model for data synthesis irrespective of heterogeneity. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistics. All statistical analyses were conducted using Review Manager.

Results
We screened 8028 articles and included 8 studies consisting of 5 randomized controlled trials and 3 observational studies. The studies examining 30-day and 1-year stroke incidence found no significant difference between TAVR and SAVR patients (OR 0.83, 95% CI 0.59 to 1.17, p = 0.30, OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.33, p = 0.67, respectively). Both TAVR and SAVR also had a comparable risk of having a transient ischemic attack within 30 days (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.24 to 3.63, p = 0.92, I2 52%) and 1 year (OR 1.15, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.82, p = 0.56, I2 0%) following the procedure. Regarding safety endpoints, TAVR had lower rates of all-cause mortality and acute kidney injury at 1 year post-procedure, but a higher incidence of major vascular complications at both 30 days and 1 year compared with SAVR.

Conclusion
The results suggest that TAVR and SAVR have comparable outcomes for both TIA and stroke incidence at 30 days and 1 year post-procedure, but display varying safety profiles in intermediate-to-high surgical risk patients.
Artificial potential field-empowered dynamic holographic optical tweezers for particle-array assembly and transformation
Authors: Li Xing , Yang Yanlong , Yan Shaohui , Gao Wenyu , Zhou Yuan , Yu Xianghua , Bai Chen , Dan Dan , Xu Xiaohao , Yao Baoli 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOwing to the ability to parallel manipulate micro-objects, dynamic holographic optical tweezers (HOTs) are widely used for assembly and patterning of particles or cells. However, for simultaneous control of large-scale targets, potential collisions could lead to defects in the formed patterns. Herein we introduce the artificial potential field (APF) to develop dynamic HOTs that enable collision-avoidance micro-manipulation. By eliminating collision risks among particles, this method can maximize the degree of parallelism in multi-particle transport, and it permits the implementation of the Hungarian algorithm for matching the particles with their target sites in a minimal pathway. In proof-of-concept experiments, we employ APF-empowered dynamic HOTs to achieve direct assembly of a defect-free 8 × 8 array of microbeads, which starts from random initial positions. We further demonstrate successive flexible transformations of a 7 × 7 microbead array, by regulating its tilt angle and inter-particle spacing distances with a minimalist path. We anticipate that the proposed method will become a versatile tool to open up new possibilities for parallel optical micromanipulation tasks in a variety of fields.
Effectiveness of website-based education program on activities of daily living and fear of falls among sub-acute stroke survivors: a pilot study in South Gujarat Region of India
Authors: Kachhadiya Roshni G. , Ramanandi Vivek H. , Pathan Rumana Khatun A. , Vekariya Hemanshi N. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Stroke survivors and their caregivers have numerous and diverse educational needs, many of which are unmet because of inadequate training from healthcare professionals. As stroke recovery and rehabilitation can continue for years post-stroke, it is critical that stroke survivors are provided with and have access to a range of support options and evidence-based information. Website-based education programs (WEP) have been adopted in recent years to manage health problems. The present pilot study aims to evaluate the effect of WEP on activities of daily living (ADLs) and the fear of falls among sub-acute stroke survivors.

Methods
A total of 16 eligible post-stroke survivors were recruited from multiple study settings across Surat City of Gujarat state in western India and were randomly assigned using a lottery method to either the experimental group (n = 8) receiving WEP or the control group (n = 8) receiving conventional physiotherapy for 4 weeks. Outcome measures were the Indian Stroke Scale (ISS), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I).

Results
Both groups showed statistically significant improvements in all outcomes but the experimental group showed more significant improvements in ADLs and fear of falls among sub-acute stroke survivors (p < 0.05).

Conclusion
WEP for sub-acute stroke survivors is an effective intervention. It improves the performance of ADLs for stroke survivors and helps in better fall management indicating that web-based education programs shall be implemented on a regular basis to improve patient care.
High-sensitive Fabry-Perot cavity-enhanced optical resonator for photoacoustic sensing
Authors: Peng Jiajun , Xu Wenhui , Lai Yongli , Mu Shengquan , Fu Lujun , Zhang Jiangshan , Zhang Jin , Jiang Yi , Lu Ping 
Published: October 2024

Highly sensitive broadband acoustic detectors are needed to expand the capabilities of geological exploration, photoacoustic imaging, and industrial inspection techniques. However, while pursuing miniaturization, it is difficult to combine high sensitivity and wide acoustic detection frequency range. Meanwhile, the consistency and mechanical stability of the manufacturing process become important challenges for optical sensors in practical applications. To address this issue, we present a new silicon-based cavity-enhanced Fabry-Pérot interferometer photoacoustic sensor and fully characterize its acoustic performance. Micro-resonant cavity-enhanced photoacoustic sensor with broadband acoustic responses up to 50 Hz-10 k Hz has been fabricated. The detection sensitivity is also impressive, reaching -120.23 dB re rad/µPa @ 1 k Hz, with a noise equivalent pressure (NEP) of 88.7 µPa/√Hz @ 1 k Hz. This approach will help design photoacoustic sensors to improve detection sensitivity and bandwidth with limited fabrication accuracy and size.
Near-complete extraction of maximum stored energy from large-core fibers using coherent pulse stacking amplification of femtosecond pulses
Authors: Rainville Alexander , Whittlesey Mathew , Pasquale Christopher , Jing Yanwen , Chen Mingshu , Chen Siyun , Pei Hanzhang , Ruppe John , Zhou Tong , Du Qiang , Zhang Zhigang , Chang Guoqing , Kärtner Franz X. , Galvanauskas Almantas 
Published: October 2024

High field science relies on ultrashort pulse lasers with multi-joule pulse energies for studying light–matter interactions under extreme conditions and for driving particle accelerators and secondary radiation sources of x rays, gamma rays, neutrons, positrons, muons, and protons. Next-generation laser drivers will require a 103−104 times increase in pulse repetition rates, producing multi-joule energies at multi-kilowatt average powers to enable practical applications in nuclear engineering, advanced materials, medicine, biology, homeland security, and high-energy physics. Spatially coherently combined femtosecond fiber lasers are recognized as a pathway to these next-generation drivers, with significant practical advantages including high efficiency and the possibility of compact integration. However, chirped pulse amplification in fibers is capable of extracting only a small fraction (usually ∼1%) of the maximum stored energy. Here we demonstrate near-complete maximum stored energy extraction with low accumulated nonlinearity from a large-core fiber amplifier using coherent pulse stacking amplification. We have amplified a 81-pulse stacking burst in a 85 µm core chirally coupled core Yb-doped fiber, extracting up to 9.5 mJ (∼90% of stored energy) with <4.5 radians of accumulated nonlinear phase, temporally combined this burst into a single pulse, and achieved 4.2 mJ pulses of 313 fs bandwidth-limited duration after compression. This represents, to our knowledge, the highest energy extracted and compressed into a femtosecond pulse from a single fiber amplifier, enabling approximately two orders of magnitude size reduction of future high-energy coherently spatially combined fiber laser arrays.
Single-mode chirped high-contrast metastructure VCSEL for 106  Gbps PAM4 transmission
Authors: Cui Yao , Hu Huawen , Ji Yipeng , Kapraun Jonas , Wang Jiaxing , Huang Xuanlun , Chang-Hasnain Connie J. 
Published: October 2024

Short-reach optical interconnects, employing an 850 nm wavelength multimode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) and multimode fiber (MMF), are confronted with transmission distance limitation as the transmission speed increases. Achieving higher speeds over the same transmission distance necessitates a significant enhancement in the fiber’s effective bandwidth, resulting in substantial costs. Employing single-mode VCSEL with single-mode fiber transmission presents as a more economically viable solution. Here we report, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of an 850 nm single-mode VCSEL using a chirped high-contrast metastructure (HCM) as the top mirror with spatially graded reflectivity to suppress higher-order modes. The chirped HCM top reflector is designed to favor lasing of the fundamental mode. We show stable single-mode lasing with a >40dB side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) up to 15 times threshold current and an open eye through a short single-mode fiber SM800 transmission at 106 Gbps PAM4 modulation. This study highlights the potential for scalable single-mode VCSEL in advanced optical interconnects, providing a cost-effective pathway for high-speed applications.
Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: F. Rodrigues Michele , Junkes Larissa , Appolinario Jose , Nardi Antonio E. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a global health issue, and a significant portion of individuals with MDD experience Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), characterized by the lack of response to adequately trialed antidepressant medication and therapy. This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) as an intervention for individuals with TRD.

Materials and methods
We will conduct a thorough search for publications of randomized clinical trials and quasi-experimental studies in MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science databases, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Furthermore, reference lists of included studies will be manually screened for additional relevant articles, with no restrictions on language or publication date. The search will be conducted from the inception of the databases until June 2024. Our PICO-guided research questions are: (1) In adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression, is MBCT more effective than standard care or other active treatments in reducing depressive symptoms? (2) In adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression, does MBCT demonstrate a comparable safety profile to standard care or other active treatments? The quality of the included studies will be assessed independently using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). This study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness and tolerability of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as an intervention for Treatment-Resistant Depression, and will employ the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology to appraise the confidence in the evidence.

Prospero registration
Prospero registration ID: CRD42023411978. Registered on April 07, 2023.
Nonexistence of mean curvature flow solitons with polynomial volume growth immersed in certain semi-Riemannian warped products
Authors: Batista Márcio , Molica Bisci Giovanni , de Lima Henrique F. , Gomes Wallace F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Our purpose is to establish nonexistence results concerning complete noncompact mean curvature flow solitons with polynomial volume growth immersed in certain semi-Riemannian warped products, under mild constraints on the warping and soliton functions. Applications to self-shrinkers in the Euclidean space, as well as to mean curvature flow solitons in other important warped product models such as the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordström spaces, and Robertson-Walker spacetimes such as the Einstein-de Sitter spacetime, are also given. Furthermore, we study the nonexistence of entire solutions to the mean curvature flow equation. Our approach is based on a suitable conformal change of metric jointly with a maximum principle for complete noncompact Riemannian manifolds with polynomial volume growth due to Alías et al.
Research Libraries in Russia: The Past Revisited – Leading to the Future
Authors: Lynden Irina L. , Shrayberg Yakov L. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The article describes the development of research libraries in the USSR and Russia after Perestroika up till the present and the prospects for the future, including an overview of library automation, changes in collection development and the creation of the post-Soviet book market. The transformation of library mission, the active stand of Russian librarians during the transition time in the 1980s and 1990s, Government and private foundation support for library developments, and the role of international co-operation are also covered.
Short-term tank culture of Gracilariopsis heteroclada at high salinities improves agar quality
Authors: Endoma Leonilo F. , Monsale Duke R. , Borlongan Iris Ann G. , Gaya Hazel Coleen G. , Santacera Pearl Aljean S. , Yap Encarnacion Emilia S. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Agar, a phycocolloid naturally extracted from Gracilariopsis heteroclada is strongly influenced by salinity. Wild stocks of G. heteroclada were exposed to varying salinities (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) for 6 days, and subsequently processed for agar extraction using 5 % NaOH. The extracted agar was evaluated regarding yield, gel rheology, colour composition, chemical properties, and infrared spectra. Results highlighted that hypersaline conditions (salinity 50) could produce high agar yield (4.77 %) and viscosity (10.67 mPa s), while agar samples at salinity 40 exhibited gels with high cohesiveness (6.35 mm), gel breaking strength (3.01 N), and gel strength (390.61 g cm−2) while having a rather high 3,6-anhydrogalactose content (7.49 %). All samples exhibited FTIR signature peaks at 930 cm−1, confirming the identity of extracted agar from G. heteroclada. Exposure at increasing hypersalinity increased the sulphate levels of agar from G. heteroclada, which implies synthesis of sulphated polysaccharides. Moreover, high 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activities were obtained in acid hydrolysed agars at salinities of 40 (74.09 %) and 50 (75.57 %), suggesting that G. heteroclada agars from hypersaline conditions potentially offer antioxidative roles beyond its traditional food use.
Evidence for the proposal that Palisada corallopsis and P. furcata (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta) are conspecific
Authors: González-Sánchez Patricia M. , Soares Luanda Pereira , Areces Mallea Arsenio J. , Cavalcanti Maria Irisvalda Leal Gondim , Cassano Valéria , Fujii Mutue Toyota 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Palisada corallopsis has a widely reported distribution in the western and eastern Atlantic and some areas of the Indo-Pacific Ocean, whereas P. furcata has a more restricted distribution, reported only from Brazil and Cuba. Palisada corallopsis and P. furcata were collected from their type localities, Havana, Cuba and Ceará, Brazil, respectively, and compared by morphological and molecular analyses using rbcL and COI-5P genes. The molecular results placed the sequences from the type locality of both species in the same clade, showing low genetic divergence, 0.95 % for rbcL and 1.6 % for COI-5P. Morphologically, the species share similar habits, with branchlets bi-to trifurcated, cortical cells that may be arranged as a palisade and connected by secondary pit-connections. Our detailed morphological observations, including examination of the type specimens, and molecular analyses demonstrate that P. corallopsis and P. furcata are conspecific, P. furcata being a later taxonomic synonym of P. corallopsis.
SEA’s Science Teacher Voices Through the Modified World Café
Authors: Nurhasanah Farida , Mustafa Zainun , Sinniah Deva Nanthini a/p , Mohamad Tiana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the perspectives of science teachers in Southeast Asia (SEA) regarding future curriculum using a modified World Café method. The research involved 19 science teachers from SEA participating in dialogues and a plenary session. Data were collected during the discussions taken place in groups as well as in the plenary session. In addition, an affinity diagram was used to record teachers’ voices in each group. Thematic analysis of data from affinity diagrams and participatory discussions identifies key themes and priorities for future curriculum development. The intra-country analysis reveals diverse findings in terms of (1) curriculum and assessment, (2) funding and resource allocation (3) organizational, and (4) context-specific complexities without consensus on underlying causes. The study emphasizes key themes in the situational analysis including teacher competency, facilities, curriculum, and systemic support, uncovering both similarities and differences in these areas. Participants focused primarily on practical improvements rather than speculative possibilities, advocating for better school facilities, systematic professional training, and community engagement. This research contributes to the on-going discourse on educational reform, providing critical insights for policymakers, curriculum developers, and educators seeking to enhance science education in the region.
Law, Commodification, and the Distribution of Resources
Authors: Murray Ian J. , Fia Tommaso 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
By exploring the historical and theoretical underpinnings of law as a source of distributional inequities and resource depletion, in tandem with its influence on investment in tangible and intangible assets in contemporary capitalism, this special issue paves the way for new understandings that might better promote shared community interests in sustainability and social equality.
Helping in Times of War: How Uncertainty Modulates Aid to Ukrainian Refugees through Compassion and Threat
Authors: Mannarini Terri , Angelelli Mario , Ciavolino Enrico , Arima Serena , Longo Mariano , Limone Pierpaolo , Salvatore Sergio 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The present paper focuses on the antecedents of solidarity behavior towards Ukrainian refugees, specifically examining the role of subjective uncertainty generated in public opinion by the aggression of Ukraine on feelings of compassion and perceptions of refugees as a threat. Based on pooled data from six representative samples collected in different waves during the first six months of the Russian army’s invasion of Ukraine among a representative sample of adult Italian citizens (N = 6,063), the study provided support for the intensification hypothesis, suggesting that uncertainty can act as an affective amplifier. Indeed, the results showed that uncertainty increased perceptions of refugees as a threat (acting on its emotional component, i.e., anxiety), but also feelings of compassion, which is a main driver of solidarity. Moreover, compassion seemed to reduce the (perceived) threat posed by refugees on an economic, cultural, security, or political level. The pattern of relationships tested in the model proved to be stable across different areas of the country and for the first 6 months of the Russian invasion, suggesting that the empathic concern generated by the suffering of the Ukrainian population under attack did not significantly diminish its effects over the period considered.
Exploration of neuroprotective and cognition boosting effects of Mazus pumilus in Alzheimer’s disease model
Authors: Saadullah Malik , Batool Jahan Ara , Rashad Muhammad , Asif Muhammad , Chauhdary Zunera , Bibi Asia 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objectives

Mazus pumilus (MP) an Asian flowering plant, known for various reported pharmacological activities including antioxidant, anti-nociceptive, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, and hepatoprotective effects. This study focused on further exploring Mazus pumilus’s methanol leaf extract (MPM) for bioactive principles and investigating its neuroprotective and cognition-enhancing potential in Alzheimer’s disease models.

Methods
For the phytochemical screening and identification, TLC, HPLC, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) were employed. In-vitro antioxidant potential was assayed by DPPH Free Radical Scavenging method, followed by in-vivo neuroprotective effect of MPM (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) using Wistar-albino rats, sodium azide for induction of AD and rivastigmine as standard. Over 21 days, we observed neurobehavioral changes and performed biochemical (GSH, CAT, SOD, and AchE activity) and histopathological evaluations.

Results
Results revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, amino acids, terpenoids, glycosides, sterols, and saponins. HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of gallic acids, sinapic acid, and caffeic acid. DPPH confirmed the antioxidant effect of MPM, which served as a base for its potential neuroprotective activity. Biochemically, oxidative stress markers improved significantly post-treatment, with decreased GSH, SOD, CAT levels, and increased AchE activity, indicating a reversal of AD-induced changes. Behavioral assessments showed improvements in locomotion, memory, spatial learning, and cognition. Histologically, there was a dose-dependent reduction in neurodegenerative features like neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta plaques.

Conclusions
Hence, this study concluded MPM is a promising candidate for prophylaxis and treatment of behavioral deficits and cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease.