bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anziehung gleich geladener Ionen in ionischen Flüssigkeiten: Kontrolle der Bildung kationischer Cluster über die Wechselwirkungsstärke der Gegenionen
Authors: Strate Anne , Niemann Thomas , Michalik Dirk , Ludwig Ralf 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDie Eigenschaften ionischer Flüssigkeiten werden durch ein Gleichgewicht von Coulomb‐Wechselwirkung, Wasserstoffbrücken und Dispersionskräften beschrieben. Eine Verringerung der attraktiven Coulomb‐Wechselwirkung durch die Verwendung schwach koordinierender Anionen führt zur Bildung kationischer Cluster. Diese werden durch kooperative Wasserstoffbrücken stabilisiert, und ihre Bildung wird durch die Wechselwirkungsstärke der Anionen kontrolliert. Zum Nachweis dieser Cluster kamen IR‐ und NMR‐Spektroskopie in Kombination mit Quantenchemie zum Einsatz. Die Cluster können nur für schwach koordinierende Anionen beobachtet werden. Werden kationische Cluster gebildet, erweisen sich cyclische Tetramere als besonders stabil. Dabei können die kooperativen Wasserstoffbrücken die Coulomb‐Abstoßung der gleichen Ladungen überkompensieren. Eine einfache spektroskopische Skala erlaubt die Abschätzung der möglichen Bildung von Clustern gleicher Ladung auf Basis von IR‐ und NMR‐spektroskopischen Signaturen.
Photoarylation of Iodocarboranes with Unactivated (Hetero)Arenes: Facile Synthesis of 1,2‐[(Hetero)Aryl]n‐o‐Carboranes (n=1,2) and o‐Carborane‐Fused Cyclics
Authors: Ni Hangcheng , Qiu Zaozao , Xie Zuowei 
Published: December 2016

AbstractPhotoarylation of iodocarboranes with unactivated arenes/heteroarenes at room temperature has been achieved, for the first time, thus leading to the facile synthesis of a large variety of cage carbon mono(hetero)arylated and di(hetero)arylated o‐carboranes. This work represents a clean, efficient, transition‐metal‐free, and cheap synthesis of functionalized carboranes, which has significant advantages over the known methods.
New dates for earth mounds at Weipa, North Queensland, Australia
Authors: BROCKWELL SALLY , Ó FOGHLÚ BILLY , FENNER JACK N. , STEVENSON JANELLE , PROSKE ULRIKE , SHINER JUSTIN 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACTThis paper reports new radiocarbon determinations for late Holocene occupation in the Weipa region of Far North Queensland, Australia. Earth mounds along the margins of small wetlands and freshwater creeks developed mainly after 2200 years ago, but are concentrated within the past 500 years. Their establishment appears to be associated with changing environmental conditions and a regional increase in the availability of permanent water sources around 2200 and 500 years ago. These results have implications for earth mound chronology and possibly climate change understanding elsewhere in Northern Australia.
Geophysical and Geochemical Studies on Historical Layers in the Area of Old Krakow, Poland
Authors: Łyskowski Mikołaj , Pasierb Bernadetta , Wardas‐Lasoń Marta , Antonik Wioleta , Mazurkiewicz Ewelina 
Published: December 2016

AbstractIn the present study, application of complementary to each other non‐invasive geophysical methods and geochemical slim hole drilling allowed to locate a small fragment of the historical water system, and to determine the type and stratigraphy of the sediments filling it. The most universal, and frequently used geophysical methods are electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and ground penetrating radar (GPR). These methods are characterized by high precision mapping of the investigated medium, and the possibility of implementation even in small areas. They play an important role in defining the location of archaeological excavations sites. The applied geophysical methods enabled precise and comprehensive analyses of near‐surface zones in the area of Planty Park in Krakow (Poland), such as engineering/geological recognition, and detection of anthropogenic structures. As an important metropolis of Central Europe in the medieval period, Krakow due to rapid development of craft and trade had a high demand for water both for the general population and craftsmen. As a result, the city continuously developed and used a complex watercourse and sewage collection system. The layout of the system has not yet been accurately mapped. The authors decided that the ERT method was suitable for this case study. The study was conducted in the eastern part of Planty Park, near Dominikańska Street, measurements were taken using a two‐dimensional (2D) parallel layout of ERT profiles. The authors also carried out a three‐dimensional (3D) image interpretation process. Even though the ERT method is limited by the requirement of a minimal implementation area, it makes the detection of former watercourses possible. In order to verify the ERT results, three small‐diameter mechanical holes drillings were carried for purpose of macroscopic analysis of the ground type with determination of its lithology and layer layout. On gathered samples laboratory measurements of pH, oxidation–reduction potential Eh, and conductivity EC were done. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Brief Report: Longitudinal Patterns of Response to Standard of Care Therapy for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Implications for Clinical Trial Design
Authors: Kim Mimi , Merrill Joan , Kalunian Kenneth , Hahn Bevra , Roach Anita , Izmirly Peter ,   for the Lupus Foundation of America Collective Data Analysis Initiative Group
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo evaluate longitudinal patterns of response to standard of care for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in clinical trials and to identify characteristics that differentiate nonresponders from persistent responders.MethodsData on 147 patients with moderately to severely active SLE without acute nephritis who were treated with placebo plus standard of care in two 52‐week phase II/III trials were obtained from the Collective Data Analysis Initiative of the Lupus Foundation of America. Cross‐sectional and longitudinal analyses of British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG)–based responses (improvement in all baseline A or B scores without new flare) were performed. Baseline characteristics that discriminated persistent responders from nonresponders were identified using logistic regression.ResultsCross‐sectional response rates decreased from 46% to 37% between 12 and 52 weeks. The overall rate of complete and sustained response, i.e., response at all visits, was only 14.3% (95% confidence interval 8.6–19.9%). Agreement between response status at 12 weeks and 36–52 weeks was low (κ = 0.15–0.29), and only 31% of initial 12‐week responders maintained response at all subsequent visits. Baseline factors predictive of persistent response to standard of care included fewer organs with active disease, high C3 levels, and type of background therapy.ConclusionUse of sustained rather than landmark response may reduce high placebo response rates in SLE trials that continue aggressive standard of care. Further exploration to assess the power of this end point to improve discrimination between active and placebo arms is indicated. Lack of temporal stability in response highlights a potential weakness with shorter studies. Rates of response to standard of care are affected by the severity of the disease and the aggressiveness of background immunosuppressive treatments.
A Multi‐Biomarker Disease Activity Score and the Choice of Second‐Line Therapy in Early Rheumatoid Arthritis After Methotrexate Failure
Authors: Hambardzumyan Karen , Saevarsdottir Saedis , Forslind Kristina , Petersson Ingemar F. , Wallman Johan K. , Ernestam Sofia , Bolce Rebecca J. , van Vollenhoven Ronald F. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the Multi‐Biomarker Disease Activity (MBDA) score predicts optimal add‐on treatment in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who were inadequate responders to MTX (MTX‐IRs).MethodsWe analyzed data from 157 MTX‐IRs (with a Disease Activity Score using the erythrocyte sedimentation rate [DAS28‐ESR] >3.2) from the Swedish Pharmacotherapy (SWEFOT) trial who were randomized to receive triple therapy (MTX plus sulfasalazine plus hydroxychloroquine) versus MTX plus infliximab. The MBDA score as a predictor of the subsequent DAS28‐based response to each second‐line treatment was analyzed at randomization with the Breslow‐Day test for 2 × 2 groups, using both validated categories (low [<30], moderate [30–44], and high [>44]) and dichotomized categories (lower [≤38] versus higher [>38]).ResultsAmong the 157 patients, 12% had a low MBDA score, 32% moderate, and 56% high. Of those with a low MBDA score, 88% responded to subsequent triple therapy, and 18% responded to MTX plus infliximab (P = 0.006); for those with a high MBDA score, the response rates were 35% and 58%, respectively (P = 0.040). When using 38 as a cutoff for the MBDA score (29% patients with lower scores versus 71% with higher scores), the differential associations with response to triple therapy versus MTX plus infliximab were 79% versus 44% and 36% versus 58%, respectively (P = 0.001). Clinical and inflammatory markers had poorer predictive capacity for response to triple therapy or MTX plus infliximab.ConclusionIn patients with RA who had an inadequate response to MTX, the MBDA score categories were differentially associated with response to subsequent therapies. Thus, patients with post‐MTX biochemical improvements (lower MBDA scores) were more likely to respond to triple therapy than to MTX plus infliximab. If confirmed, these results may help to improve treatment in RA.
VISTA Deficiency Accelerates the Development of Fatal Murine Lupus Nephritis
Authors: Ceeraz Sabrina , Sergent Petra A. , Plummer Sean F. , Schned Alan R. , Pechenick Dov , Burns Christopher M. , Noelle Randolph J. 
Published: December 2016

ObjectiveThe targeting of negative checkpoint regulators as a means of augmenting antitumor immune responses is now an increasingly used and remarkably effective approach to the treatment of several human malignancies. The negative checkpoint regulator VISTA (V‐domain Ig–containing suppressor of T cell activation; also known as programmed death 1 homolog or as death domain 1α) suppresses T cell responses and regulates myeloid activities. We proposed that exploitation of the VISTA pathway is a novel strategy for the treatment of human autoimmune disease, and therefore we undertook this study to determine the impact of VISTA genetic deficiency on lupus development in a lupus‐prone mouse strain.MethodsTo evaluate whether genetic deficiency of VISTA affects the development of lupus, we interbred VISTA‐deficient mice with Sle1.Sle3 mice, a well‐characterized model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).ResultsWe demonstrated that the development of proteinuria and glomerulonephritis in these mice, designated Sle1.Sle3 VISTA−/− mice, was greatly accelerated and more severe compared to that in Sle1.Sle3 and C57BL/6 VISTA−/− mice. Analysis of cells from Sle1.Sle3 VISTA−/− mice showed enhanced activation of splenic CD4+ T cells and myeloid cell populations. No increase in titers of autoantibodies was seen in Sle1.Sle3 VISTA−/− mice. Most striking was a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and interferon (IFN)–regulated genes associated with SLE, such as IFNα, IFNγ, tumor necrosis factor, interleukin‐10, and CXCL10, in Sle1.Sle3 VISTA−/− mice.ConclusionThis study demonstrates for the first time that loss of VISTA in murine SLE exacerbates disease due to enhanced myeloid and T cell activation and cytokine production, including a robust IFNα signature, and supports a strategy of enhancement of the immunosuppressive activity of VISTA for the treatment of human lupus.
Gastrointestinal symptoms and food intolerance 2 years after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity
Authors: Boerlage T C C , van de Laar A W J M , Westerlaken S , Gerdes V E A , Brandjes D P M 
Published: December 2016

Abstract

Background
Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is an effective treatment for morbid obesity, but might aggravate gastrointestinal complaints and food intolerance. The long-term prevalence of these symptoms has not been well studied.

Methods
In a cross-sectional study, all patients who underwent primary LRYGB from May to October 2012 were approached 2 years after surgery to complete a general health questionnaire, the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS), and a food intolerance questionnaire. The results were compared with those for a control group of morbidly obese patients.

Results
A total of 249 patients were included for analysis, representing a response rate of 93·9 per cent. Mean(s.d.) total weight loss was 30·8(8·7) per cent. The total mean GSRS score was higher in patients who had LRYGB (median 2·19 versus 1·75 in unoperated patients; P &lt; 0·001); the difference in symptoms of indigestion was most notable (P &lt; 0·001). Food intolerance for specific products was reported by 70·7 (95 per cent c.i. 64·8 to 76·0) per cent of the postoperative patients, for a median of 4 foods. There was a positive correlation between food intolerance and score on the GSRS. There was no correlation between either food intolerance or the total mean GSRS score and weight loss, but there was a correlation between weight loss and abdominal pain.

Conclusion
At 2 years after surgery, patients undergoing LRYGB for morbid obesity have more gastrointestinal complaints than obese controls. Food intolerance is a common side-effect of LRYGB independent of degree of weight loss or the presence of other abdominal symptoms.
Pseudocapacitance‐Enhanced High‐Rate Lithium Storage in “Honeycomb”‐like Mn2O3 Anodes
Authors: Yuan Tianzhi , Jiang Yinzhu , Wang Qiuting , Pan Bin , Yan Mi 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe realization of high‐power lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) is heavily hampered by intrinsically slow lithium diffusion within solid electrodes. Capacitive‐like lithium storage behavior observed in transition‐metal oxide (TMO)‐based anodes shed light on attaining battery‐like capacity and supercapacitor‐like rate performance simultaneously. Herein, “honeycomb”‐like Mn2O3 films were successfully demonstrated as anodes for LIBs, in which the pseudocapacitive effect is strengthened upon cycling, resulting in a high‐rate lithium storage capability. Such pseudocapacitance originates from the unique porous structure and cycle‐induced microstructure evolution. The reticular Mn2O3 can reach 1584.9 mAh g−1 over 250 cycles at 1 A g−1, 1564.9 mAh g−1 after 500 cycles at 5 A −1, and 475.6 mAh g−1 at 15 A g−1.
Metal‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition in Natural Product Synthesis
Authors: Hui Chunngai , Pu Fan , Xu Jing 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAsymmetric catalysis for chiral compound synthesis is a rapidly growing field in modern organic chemistry. Asymmetric catalytic processes have been indispensable for the synthesis of enantioselective materials to meet demands from various fields. Michael addition has been used extensively for the construction of C−C bonds under mild conditions. With the discovery and development of organo‐ and metal‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael additions, the synthesis of enantioselective and/or diastereoselective Michael adducts has become possible and increasingly prevalent in the literature. In particular, metal‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael addition has been employed as a key reaction in natural product synthesis for the construction of contiguous quaternary stereogenic center(s), which is still a difficult task in organic synthesis. Previously reported applications of metal‐catalyzed asymmetric Michael additions in natural product synthesis are presented here and discussed in depth.
Effective Photo‐ and Triboluminescent Europium(III) Coordination Polymers with Rigid Triangular Spacer Ligands
Authors: Hasegawa Yasuchika , Tateno Shiori , Yamamoto Masanori , Nakanishi Takayuki , Kitagawa Yuichi , Seki Tomohiro , Ito Hajime , Fushimi Koji 
Published: December 2016

AbstractLuminescent EuIII coordination polymers with rigid triangular spacer ligands are reported. The EuIII coordination polymer, [Eu3(hfa)9(tppb)2]n (hfa: hexafluoroacetylacetonate, tppb: tris(4‐diphenylphosphorylphenyl)benzene), shows high thermo‐stability (decomposition temperature=354 °C) and photoluminescence quantum yield (Φ4f–4f=82 %, photosensitized energy transfer efficiency=78 %). The triboluminescence efficiency of EuIII coordination polymer with triangular spacers under laser pulse irradiation (Nd:YAG, λ=1064 nm, pulse width=5 ns, pulse energy=0.1 mJ) is calculated to be 49 %. Characteristic triangular structure, high emission quantum yield, effective photosensitized energy transfer, and remarkable triboluminescence properties of EuIII coordination polymers are demonstrated for the first time.
Strategies for Enhancing the Catalytic Performance of Metal–Organic Frameworks in the Fixation of CO2 into Cyclic Carbonates
Authors: Taherimehr Masoumeh , Van de Voorde Ben , Wee Lik H. , Martens Johan A. , De Vos Dirk E. , Pescarmona Paolo P. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractMetal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with accessible Lewis acid sites are finding increasing application in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. However, the structural instability of MOFs when they are exposed to high temperature and/or high pressure often limits their applicability. In this study, two strategies were applied to achieve a MOF catalyst with high stability, activity and selectivity in the reaction of CO2 with styrene oxide to produce styrene carbonate. In the first approach, a MOF with linkers with high connectivity as MIL‐100(Cr) was studied, leading to promising activity and recyclability in consecutive catalytic runs without loss of activity. In the second strategy, a MOF with linkers with lower connectivity but with encapsulated Keggin phosphotungstic acid (MIL‐101(Cr)[PTA]) was prepared. However, the activity of this catalyst decreased upon reuse as a consequence of deterioration of the MOF. Further investigations were dedicated to the enhancement of the catalytic performance of MIL‐100 and included the variation of the metal centre as well as the type and loading of organic salt acting as nucleophile source. This allowed tuning the nature of the organic halide to the specific porous structure of MIL‐100(Cr) to prevent diffusion limitations. The best catalytic performance was obtained for MIL‐100(Cr) in combination with EMIMBr ionic liquid, which gave very high styrene carbonate yield (94 %) with complete selectivity after 18 h of reaction at mild temperature (60 °C).
A functional variant of the neuropeptide S receptor‐1 gene modulates clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization in patients with systolic heart failure: results from the Interdisciplinary Network Heart Failure (INH) Study
Authors: Angermann Christiane E. , Kaspar Mathias , Marx Almuth , Kittel‐Schneider Sarah , Menhofer Dominik , Störk Stefan , Ertl Georg , Domschke Katharina , Deckert Jürgen , Reif Andreas 
Published: December 2016

AimsPsychopathologies may occur in heart failure (HF) and can be associated with adverse outcomes. Amongst neuropeptide S receptor gene functional sequence variants, the T‐allele [asparagine(107)isoleucine, NPSR1 rs324981] has been identified as a risk factor for increased anxiety/overinterpretation of bodily symptoms. We investigated all‐cause death and re‐hospitalization (composite primary endpoint, CPEP) and healthcare utilization in patients hospitalized for decompensated systolic HF with the TT vs. the AT/AA genotype.Methods and resultsParticipants in the Interdisciplinary Network Heart Failure programme were eligible if consenting to genetic testing (n = 924) and randomization to usual care (UC, n = 464) or nurse‐co‐ordinated disease management (DM, n = 460). Follow‐up was 180 days (100% complete). Compared with AT/AA carriers (n = 726), TT genotype carriers (n = 198) had more CPEP events [47% vs. 39%, hazard ratio (HR) 1.27, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.61, P = 0.044] and were more frequently re‐hospitalized (43% vs. 35%, HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.02–1.67, P = 0.033); mortality rate was similar in both groups (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.68–1.81, P = 0.664). In subjects undergoing DM, CPEP and re‐hospitalization occurred more often in TT (51% and 47%) than in AT/AA carriers (36% and 33%; HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.44–3.19, and HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.52–3.44, genotype/treatment interaction both P = 0.007). Furthermore, TT genotype carriers undergoing DM visited cardiologists and other specialists more often than AT/AA carriers (P = 0.009 and P = 0.005). With UC, event rates did not differ between genotype subgroups.ConclusionWe identified a psychogenetic determinant of clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization after acute HF, which was modulated by the type of care. Future investigations need to clarify whether NPSR1 genotyping might further enhance the concept of ‘personalized’ medicine in HF.Trial registration: ISRCTN23325295.
The first‐in‐man randomized trial of a beta3 adrenoceptor agonist in chronic heart failure: the BEAT‐HF trial
Authors: Bundgaard Henning , Axelsson Anna , Hartvig Thomsen Jakob , Sørgaard Mathias , Kofoed Klaus F. , Hasselbalch Rasmus , Fry Natasha A.S. , Valeur Nana , Boesgaard Søren , Gustafsson Finn , Køber Lars , Iversen Kasper , Rasmussen Helge H. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimsThe third isotype of beta adrenergic receptors (β3 ARs) has distinctly different effects on cardiomyocytes compared with β1 and β2 ARs. Stimulation of β3 ARs may reduce cardiomyocyte Na+ overload and reduce oxidative stress in heart failure (HF). We examined if treatment with the β3 AR agonist mirabegron increases LVEF in patients with HF.Methods and resultsIn a double‐blind trial we randomly assigned 70 patients with NYHA class II–III HF and LVEF <40% at screening–echocardiography to receive mirabegron or placebo for 6 months as add‐on to optimized standard therapy. The primary endpoint was an increase in LVEF after 6 months as measured by computed tomography (CT). Changes in LVEF after 6 months between treatment groups were not significantly different (0.4%, −3.5 to 3.8%, P = 0.82). In an exploratory analysis, based on an expectation that the pathophysiological substrate targeted with treatment is dependent on the baseline LVEF, patients with LVEF <40% by CT given mirabegron had a significant increase in LVEF while no increase was seen in patients given placebo. The changes were significantly different between groups (5.5%, 0.6–10.4%, P < 0.03). Additionally, there was interaction between baseline LVEF and change in LVEF in the entire group of patients treated with mirabegron (R2 = 0.40, β  = −0.63, P < 0.001), but not in the placebo group (R2 = 0.00, β  = −0.01, P = 0.95). Treatment was generally well tolerated. Three patients in each group had fatal or life‐threatening events.ConclusionsThe primary endpoint was not reached. Exploratory analysis indicated that β3 AR stimulation by mirabegron increased LVEF in patients with severe HF. Treatment appeared safe. Additional studies in severe HF are needed.Trial registration: NCT01876433