bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A comparative study between modified Bishop score and transvaginal sonography to predict successful induction of labor
Authors: Sinha Archana , Sinha Minakshi , Sharma Sushant K. , Prasad Dipali , Goel Neeru , Kumari Manisha 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Modified Bishop score (MBS) and cervical length determination by transvaginal sonography (TVS) are the two methods for predicting successful vaginal delivery based on pre-induction favourability of the cervix.

Aims and Objectives:
This study compared both methods for predicting successful vaginal delivery. The primary objective was to compare the predictive value of MBS and TVS in predicting successful induction of labor. The secondary objective was to obtain the cut-off score of MBS and TVS for successful induction of labor.

Methods:
A prospective study was done involving 100 pregnant women admitted for induction of labor. TVS was done to measure the cervical length before induction of labor. MBS was also calculated for all the patients. Labor was induced with prostaglandins. Labor induction was considered successful if there was an onset of uterine contractions and cervical dilatation within 24 h of induction.

Results:
For successful induction of labor, the cutoff of cervical length by TVS and MBS was 2.5 cm and 6, respectively. Cervical length assessment by TVS performed better than the MBS (sensitivity 61.8% vs. 28.9%, Specificity 95.8% vs. 100%).

Conclusion:
MBS and cervical length measurement by sonography both are good predictors of successful induction of labor. Cervical length measurement by TVS provides a better prediction of the likelihood of vaginal delivery.
Development of interprofessional educational module for understanding the musculoskeletal basis of sports injury
Authors: Bhardwaj Nikha , Ghatak Surajit , Nayyar Ashish Kumar , Banerjee Sumit , Gaur Ravi , Singh Kuldeep , Garg Pawan Kumar , Ramanathan Harihara Prakash , Prabhath Sushma 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Interprofessional education (IPE) is crucial in promoting a better understanding of collaborative practices within the healthcare system. Unfortunately, healthcare professionals are still working in isolation. To address this issue, a study was conducted to develop a module-based teaching and learning activity focusing on sports injuries and to promote IPE.

Aims:
The aim of the study was to develop, implement, and evaluate an IPE module.

Settings and Design:
An educational mixed-method study was conducted on 25 facilitators and 108 students.

Methods, Materials and Statistical Analysis:
The facilitators were interviewed for an assessment of the need for the IPE module. Qualitative analysis was done on the interview data. An interprofessional team was created to develop the sports injury prevention module (SIPM). The SIPM consisting of 11 objectives was developed and validated by experts. After the implementation of SIPM students’ performance was analysed with the help of pre and post-tests. The perception of students and facilitators about IP SIPM were recorded with the help of questionnaires.

Results:
Need assessment data showed that the facilitators were not very familiar with the concept of IPE. There was a significant increase in students’ performance with a P value ≤ 0.05 after learning with SIPM. Both facilitators and students agreed that module-based IPE increases students’ attentiveness and learning.

Conclusions:
For effective interprofessional educational collaboration for training students of the healthcare profession, there is a need for an interprofessional educational module. SIPM can enhance the learning of musculoskeletal anatomy and create awareness about sports injuries among students.
Sleep hygiene efficacy on quality of sleep and mental ability among insomniac patients
Authors: Varadharasu Sivasankari , Das Niyati 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Insomnia affects both quality of life and productivity at work, and it raises the risk of other diseases, such as depression, that coexist with insomnia. Nowadays, it is highly advised to treat insomnia with behavioral and psychological therapeutic methods to ensure the quality of your sleep.

Aim:
This study aimed to find the efficacy of sleep hygiene techniques in improving sleep quality and mental ability among insomnia clients.

Methods:
Self-structured questionnaires used to evaluate sleep quality and the McQuaig Mental Ability Test to test mental ability were used to collect data during the study’s six-week duration, which involved the recruitment of 50 participants using a purposive sample technique. A paired sample t-test and Pearson correlation were used for the statistical analysis.

Results:
Data analysis shows that sleep quality (t = 33.35) (P = 0.0000) and mental ability (t = 35.33) (P = 0.0001) are both highly significant at P =0.0001. Correlation regression data of sleep hygiene elements such as schedule, avoiding caffeine and beverages, relaxation routine, and sleep-stimulating environment shows that there is a positive correlation with the quality of sleep at r = 0.9, 0.89, 0.75, and 0.68, whereas P = 0.000, 0.01, and 0.023, respectively. Similar to this, there is a positive association between mental ability and good sleep habits such as a relaxing routine, a sleep-promoting environment, and a schedule with r = 0.91, 0.88, and 0.92, respectively, with P values of 0.0001, 0.001, and 0.001.

Conclusion:
The results of the study provide compelling evidence that good sleep hygiene can help enhance insomniacs’ mental ability and sleep quality. Furthermore, those with moderate levels of sleep quality, those between the ages of 18 and 38, and those with higher education benefited more than others.
Gujarati translation and adherence testing of Stretching and Strengthening of Rheumatoid Arthritis of the Hand (SARAH)
Authors: Patel Divya J. , Muruganantham Balaganapathy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Stretching and strengthening for rheumatoid arthritis of the hand (SARAH) is a progressive and individually designed recommended treatment exercise program.

Aims:
The aim was to translate the SARAH hand exercise program into Gujarati and assess the adherence rate, usefulness, and understanding of the Gujarati SARAH exercise program.

Methods and Materials:
Mixed-method qualitative study was conducted among 25 participants at the outpatient departments of Institute Nadiad and Niruj Rheumatology Clinic, Gujarat, and via professional contact, a telephonic semi-structured interview was conducted among 13 participants using an interview guide, and interviews were audio-recorded following transcription verbatim. Overall adherence rates of 25 participants to a 12-week exercise program were determined using the cross-sectional method.

Statistical Analysis Used:
IBM SPSS software version 23.0 was used for analyzing quantitative data, and NVivo Plus version 11 was used for qualitative data.

Results:
The adherence rate was 97.22%. Participants completed all 72 sessions (n = 7) with an adherence rate of 100%. The least number of sessions completed was 25 (n = 2), with an adherence rate of 34% due to a lack of interest in exercising on a daily basis. Qualitative findings showed that the booklet is understandable, useful, and beneficial in terms of reducing symptoms and improving activities of daily life as well as occupational work.

Conclusion:
The translated strengthening and stretching for rheumatoid arthritis in the hand exercise booklet is effective and beneficial to patients who exercise at home. Participants can self-track their exercise by using dairy, which eliminates travel costs and attendance at clinic sessions.
Evaluation of health-related quality of life and adherence among pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis patients receiving either Bedaquiline or Delamanid regimen at a teaching hospital in Eastern India
Authors: Paikray Elisha , Pattnaik Manoranjan , Mishra Vedvyas , Abhisek Parida Ansuman , Pradhan Shweta Supriya , Rout Anima 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The foremost concern and challenge in managing drug-resistant tuberculosis is ensuring a high health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The effectiveness of pre-extensively drug-resistant (Pre-XDR) tuberculosis management hinges on patients adhering to therapy, a crucial factor in averting the development of drug-resistant strains, ultimately enhancing HRQoL.

Methodology:
This analytical longitudinal study spanned two years at a teaching hospital and involved collaboration between the Departments of Pharmacology and Pulmonary Medicine. A case record form was utilized to gather baseline data, encompassing patient demographics, medication details, WHO BREF HRQoL scores, and treatment adherence. Patients were classified as either adherent or nonadherent using three distinct criteria: the guidelines of the Revised National Tuberculosis Programme (RNTCP), the Morisky-Green-Levine Scale (MGLS), and the Batalla test. The sample size was determined based on 30% nonadherence rates from preliminary analysis of prior data, resulting in 86 patients included in the study. The association between the improvement of HRQoL score from the baseline with the predictor variables was assessed with a linear regression model. Comparison of nonadherence with the different predictors of the study population was assessed with binary logistic regression model.

Results:
Analysis of demographic data revealed no notable differences in age and BMI between the Bedaquiline and Delamanid groups. However, there was a gender-related difference in treatment distribution, with more men in the Bedaquiline group. Other factors, such as marital status, socioeconomic status, employment status, stigma/discrimination, comorbidity, and addiction, showed no significant differences between the groups. Comparing HRQoL scores at baseline and after six months showed substantial improvements in all domains, indicating a positive impact of the treatment. Linear regression analysis revealed a strong association between QoL improvement and adherence. Adherence patterns did not significantly differ between the two treatment groups, as assessed by various criteria. The patients with high stigma, newly diagnosed Pre-XDR cases, and the presence of adverse events had higher odds of nonadherence.

Conclusion:
This study highlights the substantial impact of Bedaquiline and Delamanid treatment on the HRQoL of Pre-XDR TB patients in Eastern India. Adherence to treatment plays a crucial role in improving QoL, and factors like stigma, newly diagnosed Pre-XDR patients, and adverse drug reactions influence adherence adversely. The findings emphasize the importance of patient support and education to enhance treatment outcomes.
Epidemiological analysis of Road Accident Data Management System (RADMS) data in Tamil Nadu, India from 2011 to 2016: Future directions for an integrated national database
Authors: Raghavan Kowshick , Muthappan Sendhilkumar , Ravi Karunya , Jothi Kathirvel , Shanmugasundaram Devika , Venkatasamy Vettrichelvan , Parasuraman Ganeshkumar , Ponnaiah Manickam 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Globally, road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the eighth leading cause of death, with an estimated 1.35 million deaths yearly. In India, road traffic accidents (RTAs) are one of the major causes of mortality among the younger generation. We analyzed Tamil Nadu’s comprehensive Road Accident Data Management System (RADMS) data and described the epidemiological indicators of RTI in this setting.

Methods:
We obtained the data from the RADMS database for 2011–2016 and used 2011 population census data to project and standardize for different age groups and genders to calculate incidence. We calculated average annual percentage changes (AAPC) with a 95% confidence interval for the whole period. We computed Joinpoint regression analysis for trends and calculated the age-adjusted incidence rate with standard error (SE) using R statistical computing software.

Results:
We included 3,67,094 RTAs and 5,50,447 RTIs. We observed that the incidence of RTAs and RTIs declined between 2011 and 2016. Most injured were males (82%) and aged 20–39 years (49%). The highest number of accidents occurred on the state highways (65.2%) and on Sundays (17%). Age-adjusted incidence (per 1,00,000) declined from 121.87 (SE 0.4) in 2011 to 92.73 (SE 0.34) in 2016 (AAPC = -4.5% (95% CI = -7.8 to -1)). The age groups 30–39 and 20–29 were 9.82 (z = 8.98; P < 0.05) and 9.02 (z = 8.65; P < 0.05) times at a higher risk compared to 0–9 years old. The motorcyclists (14–27 times; P < 0.05) and pedestrians (12–23 times; P < 0.05) had the maximum risk of RTIs.

Conclusion:
Young adults, drivers, motorcyclists, and pedestrians remain vulnerable populations for RTIs. More accidents occurred in the state highways and on Sundays. The analysis provides insights on RTIs and RTAs, which will be used to reduce the burden of RTIs and save millions of lives.
Impact of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein on metabolic syndrome in an elderly population: Findings from a hospital-based cross-sectional study in J&K, India
Authors: Masoodi Abdul Basit , Khuroo Suhaib A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Due to affluent lifestyles, primary care physicians are concerned about metabolic syndrome (MetS). Inflammation and insulin resistance are caused by extra adipose tissue. Our study seeks to evaluate, taking into account numerous variables, the relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels and MetS in adults aged 50+ in Northern Kashmir, India.

Materials and Methods:
In Northern Kashmir, India, a hospital-based cross-sectional study looked into the relationship between hsCRP and MetS in people over 50. The recruitment process included people looking for basic healthcare services. Utilising modified NCEP-ATP III criteria, MetS was established. The association between MetS and hsCRP levels was evaluated statistically while taking into account various variables.

Results:
The waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as the prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and dyslipidemia were all greater in those with MetS. While demonstrating decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), they also showed higher levels of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fasting plasma glucose. A study of correlations revealed a substantial inverse relationship between hsCRP and HDL-C. Elevated hsCRP levels were found to be substantially linked with MetS by the use of logistic regression, along with obesity, uric acid levels, hypertension, DM, and dyslipidemia. These results underline how crucial it is to keep an eye on these variables in order to recognize and treat MetS as soon as possible.

Conclusion:
Among this investigation, we found strong evidence that high- hsCRP, an independent risk factor for MetS, was present among middle-aged and elderly residents of the northern Kashmir region of India.
Swachh Bharat Mission Gramin: Uptake and challenges in rural Coimbatore
Authors: Natarajan Iswarya , Rajendran Kathiravan , Narayanan Seetharaman , Shanmugam Jeevithan 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH)-related infectious diseases contribute to approximately 5% of the global disease burden. Despite sanitation being a human right, 673 million people worldwide had limited access to toilets. To tackle the same, Swachh Bharat Mission-Gramin (SBM-G) was launched in 2014 to facilitate the construction of over 100 million individual household latrines (IHHLs) across India. However, literature evidence on acceptance of SBM-G in Tamil Nadu, particularly in Coimbatore, is scarce.

Objectives:
The primary objective was to investigate the utilisation of the SBM-G scheme and its associated factors in rural Coimbatore.

Materials and Methods:
In 2022, a mixed-methods study incorporating quantitative (using a purpose-designed questionnaire) and qualitative (using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions) components was conducted among 60 SBM-G beneficiaries in Kovai Medical Center and Hospital Institute of Health Sciences and Research (KMCH IHSR)’s rural field practice area. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) v23 and qualitative data using manual thematic content analysis.

Results:
Before IHHL construction, 93.7% of respondents practiced open-air defecation (OAD). The issues perceived with OAD were distance (28.8%) and privacy concerns (12.5%). After SBM-G implementation, 78.3% reported using the IHHL ‘all the time’, reflecting a substantial shift in behaviour. Most respondents received financial aid within about six months (INR 8,000), often in a single instalment. The majority had constructed their IHHLs before 2015. The expenditures incurred varied significantly, with 58.3% spending extra costs ranging between INR 10,000 and 30,000. Water supply to households significantly influenced IHHL usage.

Conclusion:
While rural villagers appreciate the SBM-G financial assistance for IHHLs, concerns about the inadequacy of the sanctioned amount for proper piped water supply and septic tanks persist. Nonetheless, there is a clear demonstration of positive behavioural change, marked by reduced OAD and increased IHHL usage.
Integrating Global Norms for Gender Equity in Kazakhstan: Aligning Workplace and Social Security Legislation with Sustainable Development Goals
Authors: Kuttygalieva Anarkhan , Khamzina Zhanna , Zhaxymbetov Bakitzhan , Tileubergenov Yerazak , Buribayev Yermek 
Published: October 2024

Objective: This study investigates the impact of international standards on shaping national approaches to gender equality, focusing on Kazakhstan’s legal and social frameworks.

Theoretical Framework: This research is based on theoretical perspectives regarding implementing international law, offering a foundation for understanding how global norms influence national policies.

Method: A multidisciplinary methodology is applied, including comparative legal analysis, normative-legal methods, systems analysis, and legal modeling. Forecasting techniques are also used to anticipate future trends in the alignment of national policies with international gender equality standards.

Results and Discussion: This study identifies several critical challenges that Kazakhstan faces in reforming its social and labor policies to align with international standards. Significant institutional and legal barriers hinder progress in promoting gender equality and eliminating discrimination. The discussion focuses on these obstacles and examines their implications for policy development and implementation.

Research Implications: The findings of this study contribute to academic research and policy development by enriching the scientific discourse on gender equality and offering recommendations for integrating international standards into national legislation. This study not only provides a theoretical basis but also offers practical ideas for improving policies and legal frameworks.

Originality/Value: This study sheds new light on the relationship between international legal standards and national legislation. It offers practical recommendations for advancing gender equality and supports the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 5 (SDG 5) by promoting the empowerment of women.
Evaluation of Fluted Pumpkin Stem Powder in Heavy Metal Removal from Pharmaceutical Wastewater
Authors: Maduoma Temple Uzoma , Ezeokolie Ebube Daniel , Ajoge Hadiza Nuhu , Ifetunbi Adesiyan Adepeju , Iyanu Opeyemi Samson , Okorie Uche Victor , Onana Theresa Elikpi , Akyea-Mensah Solomon Boadu , Ebenezer Oman , Oguayo Chukwuebuka Princewill , Amuzu Deladem Kwasi , Boateng Daniel , Oluwole Akintunde Michael 
Published: October 2024

This study explores the potential of fluted pumpkin stem powder (FPSP) as an eco-friendly and cost-effective adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals from pharmaceutical wastewater. The research investigates the adsorption capacity of FPSP for iron (Fe) and lead (Pb), examining the influence of contact time, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, and pH. Chemically activated FPSP demonstrated significant adsorption capacities, achieving removal efficiencies of up to 85.263% for Fe and 90.000% for Pb under optimal conditions. Results indicated a direct proportional relationship between contact time, adsorbent dosage, agitation speed, and adsorption efficiency; as these variables increased, so did the adsorption efficiency. Conversely, pH showed an optimal efficiency at 7.5, with a decrease in efficiency observed at pH levels above this value. The study employed adsorption isotherms and kinetic models to explain the mechanisms underlying the adsorption process, such as the role the roles of ion exchange, complexation, and surface adsorption. The findings suggest further investigation into the regeneration and reuse potential of FPSP, as well as its application in treating various contaminants and scalability for industrial use. This research provides a comprehensive understanding of the efficacy and practicality of FPSP in wastewater treatment, promoting the utilization of renewable resources and advancing sustainable practices.

Received: 6 August 2024 | Revised: 20 September 2024 | Accepted: 10 October 2024

Conflicts of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest to this work.

Data Availability Statement
Data sharing is not applicable to this article as no new data were created or analyzed in this study.

Author Contribution Statement
Temple Uzoma Maduoma: Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing, Supervision; Ebube Daniel Ezeokolie: Methodology, Investigation, Resources; Hadiza Nuhu Ajoge: Validation, Writing - original draft; Adesiyan Adepeju Ifetunbi: Methodology, Project administration; Iyanu Opeyemi Samson: Supervision, Project administration; Okorie Uche Victor: Formal analysis, Investigation, Data curation; Theresa Elikpi Onana: Writing - original draft, Writing - review & editing; Solomon Boadu Akyea-Mensah: Visualization, Supervision; Oman Ebenezer: Writing - review & editing, Visualization, Project administration; Chukwuebuka Princewill Oguayo: Data curation, Writing - review & editing, Supervision; Deladem Kwasi Amuzu: Validation; Daniel Boateng: Validation; Akintunde Michael Oluwole: Investigation, Resources.