bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated evaluation of workplace exposures and biomarkers of bladder cancer among textile dyeing workers
Authors: Saad-Hussein Amal , Beshir Safia , Shaheen Weam , Saleh Inas A. , Elhamshary Mohamed , Mohammed Atef M. F. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The textile industry is the second risk factor for bladder cancer, after smoking. Previous studies focused on the impact of exposure to high concentrations of bladder carcinogenic chemicals in the textile dyeing industry on the elevation of bladder cancer biomarkers. This study aimed to evaluate bladder carcinogenic air pollutants in a textile dyeing factory and investigate its role and the role of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vit. D) on cancer bladder biomarkers in exposed workers.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted. Particulate and vapor forms of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were monitored in the printing, dyeing, and preparing sections of a textile factory. Bladder tumor antigen (BTA), nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP-22), and 25-OH vit. D were estimated in all the exposed workers (147 exposed workers) and in workers not occupationally exposed to chemicals (130 unexposed workers).

Results
Aromatic bladder carcinogenic compounds were either in low concentrations or not detected in the air samples of working areas. BTA and NMP-22 of exposed workers were not significantly different from the unexposed. However, 25-OH vit. D was significantly lower in the exposed than unexposed workers. There was a significant inverse correlation between 25-OH vit. D and duration of exposure in exposed workers.

Conclusion
The mean levels of PAHs and VOCs were within the safe standard levels in the working areas. The non-significant difference in BTA and NMP-22 between the exposed and unexposed groups suggests the presence of occupational exposures to safe levels of bladder carcinogenic aromatics, while the significantly lower 25-OH vit. D levels among the exposed than the unexposed groups could suggest the potential association of 25-OH vit. D with occupational exposures to low levels of PAHs and VOCs, and this association was found to be inversely correlated with the duration of exposures. Accordingly, more specific predictor tests must be applied for early diagnosis of bladder cancer among the exposed workers.
Evaluation of serum vitamin D3 and total serum calcium in patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
Authors: Al-mokhtar Othman Kasim Saeed , Mohammed Ali Abdulmuttalib , Alnuaimy Hatim Abdulmajeed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common neurootologic disorder, characterized by brief attacks of vertigo aggravated by certain head positions. During the last two decades, several studies were performed in different countries trying to find a relationship between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 (25 hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency.

Objectives
This study aimed to find the relationship between vitamin D3 deficiency and total serum calcium with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

Patients and methods
A case–control study conducted from January 2021 to December 2021, consisted of 62 participants; 30 patients with posterior canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and 32 healthy persons considered as a control group. The age and sex of both groups were matched, and diagnosis was made by history and examination (Dix-Hallpike’s maneuver). A blood sample was taken to evaluate serum vitamin D level and total serum calcium. The results were compared between both groups.

Results
The mean levels of vitamin D3 in patients and control groups were 18.57 ± 9.88 ng/ml and 64.12 ± 24.64 ng/ml, respectively, with a statistically significant difference at p ≤ 0.0001. Moreover, regarding vitamin D3 deficiency below 20 ng/ml between patients and control groups, there was a statistically significant difference p = 0.001. Furthermore, there was no significant difference regarding total serum calcium between the two groups, the mean of both groups was 8.57 ± 0.68 mg/dl and 8.93 ± 0.92 mg/dl for patients and control, respectively, at p = 0.084.

Conclusion
There might be an association between benign paroxysmal positional vertigo and vitamin D3 deficiency. Moreover, there was no significant difference concerning total serum calcium levels between the patient and control groups.
Prevalence of pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells among the North-East Indian population
Authors: Shyamlal Yadav Sagar , Raju K. Aditya Gopala , Bhatnagar Akshay , Gianchand Shikha , Rai Pankaj 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The posterior ethmoid sinuses have a complex anatomy and a highly variable normal structure. The posterior ethmoid Onodi cell needs careful assessment because of its proximity to the optic nerve and the internal carotid artery canal. Recognising the distinctions is essential for optimal pre-op preparation. Sphenoid sinus surgery can now be performed without worrying about compromising vital structures like the internal carotid artery or optic nerve. Preoperative radiological assessment is a quick and easy way to check for ethmoid cell pneumatisation differences.

Aim and objectives
To determine the pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells among the North-East Indian population using 16-slice multidetector computed tomography (MDCT).

Results
Nine-hundred MDCT paranasal sinuses were analysed over a period of 0–2 years, out of which 220 cases showed the presence of Onodi cell. Type I were 89 cases (40.45%, CI 32.00–48.90), Type II were 128 cases (58.18%, CI 49.72–66.63), and 3 cases with Type III cell (1.36%, CI 0.18–2.54).

Conclusion
The most prevalent pneumatisation pattern is Type II. The pneumatisation patterns of Onodi cells can be best detected and evaluated by multiplanar MDCT imaging. Sinus surgeons need a firm grasp of pneumatisation patterns to avoid damaging the optic nerve and internal carotid artery canal during operations.
Systematic review of outcomes of cochlear implantation of different genotypes in patients with auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder
Authors: Ismail Naema Mohamed , Galal Salma Badreldin , Behairy Reda Mohamed , Sabry Rasha Mohamed 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
The diagnosis of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) is based on the existence of cochlear microphonics or otoacoustic emissions, as well as aberrant or nonexistent-evoked auditory brainstem responses. The outcomes of cochlear implantation (CI) are thought to be significantly influenced by genetic reasons in ANSD.

Objective
The purpose of this systematic review was to gather more information regarding the relationship between various genetic variants and the outcomes of cochlear implantation in adult and pediatric patients with ANSD (both syndromic and non-syndromic).

Methods
Electronic databases “Medline/PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Europe PMC, and Cochrane Library” were searched for this systematic review. For cohort studies, the Newcastle–Ottawa scale (NOS score) was used to assess the quality of the retrieved research. The standardized mean difference produced by the Cohen’s d or Hedges’ g tests was used to assess the effect size measure.

Results
This comprehensive study showed that OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1 were among the genetic variants with improved CI outcomes. On the other hand, other genetic mutations displayed variable results (TMPRSS3) or worse CI outcomes (PJVK). For OTOF mutations, CI had a moderate effect (Hedges’ g = 0.7), which led to good cochlear implant outcomes. The results of the GJB2 cochlear implant showed a significant effect size when pre- and post-implant assessments were compared. The results of CI for TMPRSS3 mutations were inconsistent, with one study demonstrating a negligible effect (Hedges’ g = 0.2), and another study found a negative impact (Hedges’ g =  − 2.17).
Poor CI results were indicated by PJVK mutations impacting CI outcomes. A significant impact was observed when comparing pre- and postimplantation outcomes (Cohen’s d > 1) in cases of ATP1A3 mutations (CAPOS syndrome) and OPA1 mutations. In addition, early implantation produced better results than late implantation in certain genetic variations.

Conclusion
Some genetic variants, such as OTOF, GJB2, ATPA3, and OPA1, had improved CI outcomes, according to data extraction and synthesis of the systematic review’s findings. Conversely, PJVK displayed worse CI results and inconsistent results for TMPRSS3 genetic mutations.
Influences of the criminal justice system on use of medications for opioid use disorder: a qualitative study
Authors: Taylor Emmeline , Gray Caroline , Stimmel Matthew , Binswanger Ingrid A. , Morse Erica , Timko Christine , Harris Alex H. S. , Smelson David , Finlay Andrea K. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundLegal-involved veterans with opioid use disorder (OUD) have lower receipt of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) than other veterans served at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). This qualitative study examined the influence of the criminal justice system on access to MOUD for legal-involved veterans in the U.S.MethodsVHA facilities (n = 14) that varied in their provision of MOUD to legal-involved veterans were selected for qualitative interviews. Interviewees included legal-involved veterans (n = 18), VHA Veterans Justice Programs Specialists (n = 15), substance use disorder treatment providers (n = 5), and criminal justice staff (n = 12). Team members applied codes to meaningful units of analysis (quotations) in the transcribed interviews. Using a matrix approach, team members created a spreadsheet matrix with codes, facility rate of MOUD, and relevant quotations summarized for each participant. Themes and connections between individual participants and cross-interview concepts were explored. Participants were not asked to provide feedback on the findings.ResultsThemes identified were as follows: (1) Veterans Treatment Court policies both enhanced and limited MOUD treatment access and utilization among participants; (2) cross-system collaboration strengths and challenges existed; and (3) criminal justice system treatment preferences and policies both enhanced and limited MOUD in jails and prisons.ConclusionsThe influence of the criminal justice system on MOUD has led to variable access to MOUD for legal-involved veterans. Our findings can help inform recommendations to enhance access to MOUD for veterans within the criminal justice system, including the development of a national database of MOUD education materials for Veterans Treatment Courts, strengthening community-court relationships, allowing individuals to use their own healthcare coverage within jails and prisons and extend Medicaid coverage into criminal justice settings, and applying national quality measures for MOUD to criminal justice settings and develop a national system for tracking these quality measures.
Navigating the complexities of post-traumatic stress disorder and its variants
Authors: Trickey David 
Published: September 2024

SUMMARYIn this issue of BJPsych Advances Siddaway explores the challenges of assessing and treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and complex PTSD. In this commentary I reflect on those challenges, not least of which is the need for a thorough understanding of different approaches to diagnoses. The very concept of diagnostic classification systems can be problematic, but when used sensitively they can aid communication, assessment and treatment. The relatively new diagnosis of complex PTSD may serve as a more accurate and more useful description of some psychological difficulties, leading to better treatment decisions. Good assessment, leading to accurate diagnosis, useful formulation and effective treatment takes time, and adequate resources should be allocated. Professionals can help patients to make well-informed choices about treatment options and they should offer evidence-based treatments without unnecessary delay.
Association Between Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Primary Aldosteronism in Individuals With Hypertension
Authors: Maciel Ana Alice W , Danilovic Debora L S , Soares Ibere C , Freitas Thais C , Okubo Jessica , Fagundes Gustavo F C , Freitas-Castro Felipe , Santana Lucas S , Guimaraes Augusto G , Calsavara Vinicius F , Ledesma Felipe L , Castroneves Luciana A , Coelho Fernando M A , Srougi Victor , Tanno Fabio Y , Chambo Jose L , Carnevale Francisco C , Silveira João V , Consolim-Colombo Fernanda M , Bortolotto Luiz A , Brito Luciana P , Fragoso Maria Candida B V , Drager Luciano F , Gomez-Sanchez Celso E , Latronico Ana Claudia , Mendonca Berenice B , Hoff Ana O , Almeida Madson Q 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Context
Aldosterone excess chronically induces oxidative stress and cell proliferation. Previously, a single study investigated primary aldosteronism (PA) in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), albeit without a matched control group.

Objective
We conducted a propensity score–matched, case-control study to investigate the association between PA and PTC in individuals with arterial hypertension (HT).

Methods
PA was investigated in 137 patients with PTC and HT. The control group included 137 (1:1) age-, sex-, and body mass index–matched individuals with HT. We conducted a secondary analysis in which controls were also matched according to HT stage.

Results
The prevalence of PA was 29.20% (95% CI, 21.91%-37.68%) in the PTC group and 20.44% (95% CI, 14.22%-28.35%) in the controls not matched by HT stage (P = .093). Although the PA prevalence was similar in both groups, the frequency of severe HT (stage III or resistant) was significantly lower in the PTC group (23%) compared to the HT controls (73%; P &lt; .001). After matching the controls by HT stage, the prevalence of PA in the PTC group was significantly higher compared to the hypertensive controls (9.56%; 95% CI, 5.39%-16.1%; P &lt; .0001). In the multivariable analysis, PTC was independently associated with PA both in unmatched HT individuals (odds ratio [OR] 4.74; 95% CI, 2.26-10.55; P &lt; .001) and in those matched by HT stage (OR 5.88; 95% CI, 2.79-13.37; P &lt; .001).

Conclusion
PTC was an independent variable associated with a diagnosis of PA in HT individuals. Therefore, we propose the association between PTC and HT as a new recommendation for PA screening regardless of HT severity.
Regulatory Analogies, LLMs, and Generative AI
Authors: Goodman Ellen P. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
With the release of large language models such as GPT-4, the push for regulation of artificial intelligence has accelerated the world over. Proponents of different regulatory strategies argue that AI systems should be regulated like nuclear weapons posing catastrophic risk (especially at the frontiers of technical capability); like consumer products posing a range of risks for the user; like pharmaceuticals requiring a robust prerelease regulatory apparatus; and/or like environmental pollution to which the law responds with a variety of tools. This thinkpiece outlines the shape and limitations of particular analogies proposed for use in the regulation of AI, suggesting that AI law and policy will undoubtedly have to borrow from many precedents without committing to any single one.
Intracellular lipid droplets are exploited by Junín virus in a nucleoprotein-dependent process
Authors: Vazquez Cecilia Alejandra , Escudero-Pérez Beatriz , Hayashi Jennifer M. , Leon Kristoffer E. , Moreira João Paulo , Castañeda Cataña Mayra Alejandra , Groseth Allison , Ott Melanie , Oestereich Lisa , Muñoz-Fontela César , Garcia Cybele Carina , Cordo Sandra Myriam 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles involved in lipid storage, maintenance of energy homeostasis, protein sequestration, signaling events and inter-organelle interactions. Recently, LDs have been shown to favor the replication of members from different viral families, such as the Flaviviridae and Coronaviridae. In this work, we show that LDs are essential organelles for members of the Arenaviridae family. A virus-driven reduction of LD number was observed in cultures infected with Junín mammarenavirus (JUNV), caused in part by action of the viral nucleoprotein. Notably, we identified a new pool of nucleoprotein and viral RNA that localizes in the vicinity of LDs, suggesting that LDs play a role during the viral replication cycle. Regarding the mechanism behind LD exhaustion, we found evidence that lipophagy is involved in LD degradation with the resulting fatty acids being substrates of fatty acid β-oxidation, which fuels viral multiplication. This work highlights the importance of LDs during the replication cycle of JUNV, contributing to the knowledge of the metabolic changes these mammarenaviruses cause in their hosts.
CHANGES IN THE METABOLISM OF NATIVE AND DECONSERVED BULL SPERMATOZOA UNDER THE ACTION OF MOLECULAR HYDROGEN
Authors: Ivashchenko Marina N. , Deryugina Anna V. , Ermokhina Olga N. , Ignatiev Pavel S. , Latushko Mikhail I. , Metelin Vladislav B. , Belov Andrey A. , Erzutov Alexey I. 
Published: September 2024

Background. The process of storing sperm in a deeply frozen state causes structural and functional disorders of spermatozoa, which reduces their fertilizing ability. The main mechanism of the negative effect of cryopreservation on spermatozoa is the development of oxidative stress.
Molecular hydrogen has some advantages as a potential antioxidant molecule - it is a selective effect on certain reactive oxygen species, the ability to overcome cell membranes, the absence of toxic effects.
Purpose. To study the effect of molecular hydrogen on the functional status of native and deconserved sperm cells of breeding bulls.
Materials and methods. The object of the study was the ejaculates of bulls before cryopreservation and after defrosting. The native sperm diluted with the "BioXcell" diluent, the native sperm diluted with the "BioXcell" diluent enriched with molecular hydrogen, the sperm after deep freezing and the sperm after deep freezing pretreated with molecular hydrogen were studied. The intensity of free radical processes and the activity of antioxidant enzymes were determined in spermatozoa.
Results. After cryopreservation of sperm, the processes of lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa are significantly activated. The content of malondialdehyde, diene and triene conjugates increases. The use of molecular hydrogen to correct the quality of sperm production after cryopreservation gave positive results. A decrease in the concentration of primary and intermediate products of lipid peroxidation was noted. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in spermatozoa significantly increases.
Conclusion. Molecular hydrogen has the potential as a new and effective antioxidant, the widespread use of which is possible for veterinary purposes.
Sponsorship information. The study was funded by the Russian Science Foundation grant No. 23-26-00205.
INFLUENCE OF ULTRAFINE PARTICLES OF SILICON IV OXIDE (SiO2) AND OAK BARK EXTRACT ON BACTERIAL LUMINESCENCE
Authors: Shoshin Daniil E. , Sizova Elena A. , Kamirova Aina M. 
Published: September 2024

Background. Phytobiotic additives and ultrafine particles (UFP), especially of metallic nature, are increasingly used in agriculture as fertilizers and components of feed additives. However, there is very little data about the effect of non-metallic UFP. In particular, silicon-containing UFP have shown high efficiency as plant growth stimulators under stress conditions, but whether they can act as antibacterial agents or as protective agents in microbial ecosystems is unknown.
Therefore, the aim of the presented work is to evaluate positive and negative reactions of the model luminescent microorganism Escherichia coli K12 TG1 when exposed to suspensions of silicon IV oxide (SiO2) in various concentrations both in pure form and in combination with phytobiotic additive – oak bark extract.
Materials and methods. The luminescence intensity of the recombinant strain of Echerichia coli of the natural marine microorganism Photobacterium leiongnathi with cloned luxCDABE-genes under the influence of concentrations (0.5-0.00024 M) of UFP SiO2 and aqueous extract of oak bark (2-1024 multiples) was studied.
Results. It was found that UFP in pure form stimulate bacterial luminescence by 252.2 % with respect to the control in the stationary phase of growth at 0.5 mol/L. They also act as protectors of intracellular metabolism, reducing the inhibitory effect of oak bark extract. The latter in pure form suppresses more than 50 % of bacterial luminescence up to 4-fold dilution (12.5 mg/mL), which determines the possibility of its use as an alternative to antibiotic drugs.
Conclusion. UFP SiO2 have pronounced protective properties with respect to microbial community.
Double the trouble: a rare finding of gastritis cystica profunda in a previously unoperated young female with concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection
Authors: Haddad Gaelle-Christie , Moussallem Nicolas , Sbeih Sergio , Karam Karam , Fiani Elias 
Published: September 2024

Gastritis cystica profunda (GCP) is a rare lesion of the stomach. It is characterised by hyperplasia and cystic dilation of the gastric gland in the submucosal layer. It is usually believed to occur at the site of previous gastric surgeries, as the anastomotic remnants act as a foundation for the development of the lesion. We present a case of a 39-year-old female, previously healthy with no history of gastric surgeries, who sought medical care for melena and lethargy of one month’s duration. Her complete blood count showed a significant drop in haemoglobin (from 13 to 9 g/dl). Upper endoscopy revealed a submucosal lesion in the pre-pyloric region; biopsies showed the characteristic findings of GCP. The latter is a rare cause of upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and its diagnosis and treatment remain challenging. Medical literature has not unveiled its association with chronic inflammation and Helicobacter pylori infection as many cases are being found in previously unoperated individuals. Even though GCP remains a rare entity, it should be incorporated in the differential diagnoses of upper GI bleeding and further prospective studies should highlight other contributing factors.