bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Robust and Artefact‐Free Deformable Contact with Smooth Surface Representations
Authors: Du Y. , Li Y. , Coros S. , Thomaszewski B. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractModeling contact between deformable solids is a fundamental problem in computer animation, mechanical design, and robotics. Existing methods based on C0‐discretizations—piece‐wise linear or polynomial surfaces—suffer from discontinuities and irregularities in tangential contact forces, which can significantly affect simulation outcomes and even prevent convergence. In this work, we show that these limitations can be overcome with a smooth surface representation based on Implicit Moving Least Squares (IMLS). In particular, we propose a self collision detection scheme tailored to IMLS surfaces that enables robust and efficient handling of challenging self contacts. Through a series of test cases, we show that our approach offers advantages over existing methods in terms of accuracy and robustness for both forward and inverse problems.
TempDiff: Enhancing Temporal‐awareness in Latent Diffusion for Real‐World Video Super‐Resolution
Authors: Jiang Q. , Wang Q.L. , Chi L.H. , Chen X.H. , Zhang Q.Y. , Zhou R. , Deng Z.Q. , Deng J.S. , Tang B.B. , Lv S.H. , Liu J. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLatent diffusion models (LDMs) have demonstrated remarkable success in generative modeling. It is promising to leverage the potential of diffusion priors to enhance performance in image and video tasks. However, applying LDMs to video super‐resolution (VSR) presents significant challenges due to the high demands for realistic details and temporal consistency in generated videos, exacerbated by the inherent stochasticity in the diffusion process. In this work, we propose a novel diffusion‐based framework, Temporal‐awareness Latent Diffusion Model (TempDiff), specifically designed for real‐world video super‐resolution, where degradations are diverse and complex. TempDiff harnesses the powerful generative prior of a pre‐trained diffusion model and enhances temporal awareness through the following mechanisms: 1) Incorporating temporal layers into the denoising U‐Net and VAE‐Decoder, and fine‐tuning these added modules to maintain temporal coherency; 2) Estimating optical flow guidance using a pre‐trained flow net for latent optimization and propagation across video sequences, ensuring overall stability in the generated high‐quality video. Extensive experiments demonstrate that TempDiff achieves compelling results, outperforming state‐of‐the‐art methods on both synthetic and real‐world VSR benchmark datasets. Code will be available at https://github.com/jiangqin567/TempDiff
Reframing conservation audiences from individuals to social beings
Authors: Thomas‐Walters L. , Cologna V. , de Lange E. , Ettinger J. , Selinske M. , Jones M. S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractEnvironmental practitioners often develop communications and behavior change interventions that conceptualize individuals as consumers or as other limited, standalone personae. This view neglects the role of conservation audiences as social beings with complex social relationships and networks, potentially resulting in lost opportunities to increase the effectiveness of conservation interventions. We offer a reframing of individuals as members of social networks who can influence others through their many different societal roles. This framing may help individuals recognize their potential to affect large‐scale societal structures and empower them to contribute to systemic changes. In practice, conservation organizations might increase the impact and reach of their behavioral interventions by targeting social referents (individuals or groups who people reference for accepted and desired behaviors) and leveraging interpersonal relationships. This includes encouraging individuals to make use of their networks to discuss issues such as biodiversity loss with a variety of acquaintances to normalize them as a topic of conversation. We argue that organizations can leverage the power of social networks to amplify change and promote the message that people change the world through their social ties, thereby inspiring audiences to further engage in conservation behaviors.
Experiences of Unanticipated Outcomes Among Ethnically Diverse Living Kidney Donors: A Qualitative Pilot Study
Authors: Vélez‐Bermúdez Miriam , Brakey Heidi Rishel , Myaskovsky Larissa , Unruh Mark , Singh Pooja P. , Pandhi Nancy 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTIntroductionAlthough living kidney donation is generally considered a safe procedure, it is ethically critical that prospective donors are fully informed before consent. However, prospective donors lack a deep understanding of the donation experience, making the postdonation aftermath feel unanticipated. We sought to gain in‐depth qualitative descriptions of the short‐ and long‐term risks and benefits associated with kidney donation among an ethnically diverse group of donors to offer a balanced view of the positive and negative experiences that may occur postdonation.MethodsWe conducted individual narrative in‐depth interviews (September 2020–March 2021) using the DIPEx (database of individual patient experiences) method with former living kidney donors primarily via Zoom.ResultsFourteen donors (10 women; 8 White, 5 Hispanic, and 1 Native American) completed interviews. Interactions with healthcare providers leading up to donation were largely positive; however, lack of clarity regarding postdonation laboratory values among primary care providers led three participants to be erroneously told they developed kidney disease. Most experienced unanticipated outcomes, including postsurgical complications (e.g., hernia), long‐term fatigue (i.e., ≥12 weeks), emotional distress (e.g., depression), hypertension, and gout. Difficulty obtaining life insurance following donation was an unexpected challenge. Despite these issues, participants were unanimously enthusiastic about living kidney donation and reported no regrets.ConclusionsEnthusiasm for living kidney donation remained high among all participants despite most experiencing negative outcomes. These findings suggest that greater transparency regarding postdonation experiences may not preclude the decision to move forward with living kidney donation. These narratives will be utilized for an online module of lived experiences of donation.
Examining the association between psychological resilience and chronic versus discrete stressors among individuals who use opioids in Baltimore, Maryland
Authors: Sisson Laura Nicole , Tomko Catherine , Rouhani Saba , Sherman Susan G. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionPsychological resilience has emerged as a key construct of interest in the study of substance use. However, very few studies have examined resilience among individuals who are actively using drugs. Furthermore, many studies of psychological resilience have focused on individual‐level factors. This study addresses the call for a more ‘ecological’ approach to the study of resilience by exploring how socio‐structural vulnerabilities may shape individuals' assessment of their own ability to cope.MethodsThe Peer Harm Reduction of Maryland Outreach Tiered Evaluation study conducted a cross‐sectional survey of people who used opioids in Baltimore, Maryland, USA (n = 565). Resilience was measured using the 10‐item Connor‐Davidson Resilience Scale. We used linear regression to examine the association between resilience and stressors commonly encountered by individuals who use drugs, including both chronic, enduring stressors (e.g., homelessness, food insecurity) and discrete, event‐based stressors (e.g., overdose, arrest).ResultsWe observed a negative relationship between self‐reported resilience and chronic stressors. Specifically, individuals who reported experiencing three (β = −4.08; p = 0.002) or four (β = −4.67; p = 0.008) types of chronic stress had significantly lower resilience scores. Additionally, we found that an unmet need for mental health treatment was associated with reduced resilience (β = −1.74; p = 0.040) and greater educational attainment was associated with increased resilience (β = 2.13; p = 0.005).Discussion and ConclusionsOverlapping experiences of socio‐structural vulnerability, as well as access to mental health care, may influence how individuals who use drugs evaluate their own resilience. Interventions that seek to promote the resilience of this population should focus on addressing structural drivers of marginalisation and barriers to mental health treatment.
Global Avian Functional Diversity Depends on the World's Most Widespread and Distinct Birds
Authors: Affleck Saxbee , McGeoch Melodie A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe relationship between global trait distinctiveness and geographic range size is an emerging pattern of interest in macroecology. Early observations suggested that the relationship was positive, implying that globally widespread species hold the rarest combinations of traits. Here, we formally describe and test the relationship in the world's birds and consider its implications for global functional diversity and redundancy. We demonstrate that the relationship is best described as triangular with a positive upper boundary, with its linear model significance lost when including phylogenetic effects. The triangular relationship is formed by groups of phylogenetically related widespread species with moderate and high trait distinctiveness. Decomposing the relationship further using quantile regression highlights the unique traits of these widespread birds. Overall, the triangular relationship emphasises that while not all widespread species have rare trait combinations, those that do should not be overlooked in conservation efforts, regardless of their current threat status.
The Proportion of Catagen and Telogen Hair Follicles in Occipital Scalp of Male Androgenetic Alopecia Patients: Challenging the Established Dogma
Authors: Jimenez Francisco , Alam Majid 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe hair follicle can cycle throughout a lifetime, undergoing periods of growth (anagen), regression (catagen) and relative quiescence (telogen). The time that a hair follicle spends in each of these stages is crucial to determine the length of hair fibre that it produces. Perturbations in this regard can manifest in various hair diseases such as anagen effluvium, or acute and chronic telogen effluvium. The established ‘dogma’ when considering how many hair follicles there are in each stage has long been that the majority are in anagen (85%–90%), followed by telogen (10%–15%) and catagen (1%–2%). These values are based on various studies using different methodologies such as hair plucking, phototrichograms and histology. However, these methods have flaws when it comes to differentiating between catagen and telogen follicles. We sought to determine the catagen: telogen ratio through the ex vivo stereomicroscopic examination of hundreds of hair follicles removed from the occipital scalp of 14 Caucasian males during routine hair transplantation procedures. Using this methodology, and in agreement with a similar observation by another research group, we found that the percentage of catagen hair follicles was higher (7.5%) than telogen (3.5%) in all patients assessed. Consequently, we believe that the percentage of catagen follicles is clearly underestimated and therefore challenge the current established dogma.
Are people with HIV at advanced disease stages being left behind? A global survey
Authors: Fonseca Fernanda , Avelino‐Silva Vivian I. , Odoke Wilfred , van den Hombergh Jan , Benzaken Adele Schwartz ,   AHF Country and Bureau Quality Team
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionA substantial percentage of people with HIV are still admitted for care at advanced disease stages. Here, we investigate the availability of the supplies and infrastructure required to provide care for this population in healthcare facilities and explore correlations with local demand.MethodsAIDS Healthcare Foundation's partner facilities were invited to respond to a survey addressing the availability of services to support clients with advanced HIV. We present results per continent and according to gross national income per capita using frequencies and percentages. We generated country‐level scores taking the average percentage of facilities with available resources on 10 key items and used Spearman's correlation to investigate relationships between country scores and local demand, depicted by the percentages of people with HIV newly enrolled in care with a CD4 T‐cell count <200/mm3 in 2022.ResultsA total of 643 facilities from 37 countries responded to the survey between September and December 2021. Overall, services requiring more costly equipment and/or supplies were less frequently available. Facilities in Africa, Asia, and Latin America/Caribbean and those with lower gross national income had a somewhat lower availability of diagnostic and therapeutic resources. Availability of services was not correlated with local demand: 14 countries (42%) had scores below the 50% percentile despite having >20% of newly enrolled people with HIV with a CD4 T‐cell count <200/mm3.ConclusionAppropriate care can mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with advanced HIV. We found that the healthcare services recommended by the World Health Organization as essential to support clients with advanced HIV are often unavailable in facilities providing HIV care, despite high local demand.
Magnetic field improves the quality of frozen tilapia fillets by decreasing the ice crystals during freezing process
Authors: Ye Peiting , Luo Kaixuan , Feng Aiguo , Zhao Dingxiang , Wang Dongyi , Lin Xiangdong , Liu Zhongyuan 
Published: October 2024

SummaryIn this study, the alternating magnetic field (AMF) with frequency of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 Hz at magnetic field intensity of 5 mT was used to assist the freezing of tilapia fillets, with no magnetic field (NMF) as a control group. The evaluation of thawed tilapia fillets encompassed an assessment of freezing curve, texture, microstructure, moisture state and protein structure, followed by a subsequent analysis of their correlation. The findings showed that the application of a magnetic field during the freezing process yielded favourable outcomes in enhancing the overall quality of tilapia fillets. Among them, 200 Hz had the best effect. Under the condition, the frozen tilapia fillets assisted by magnetic field showed the shortest freezing time, the least decrease in hardness and elasticity and the best chewiness after thawing. The size of the ice crystals generated during freezing was small and uniform, and the fractal dimension of the frozen sections was the highest. Muscle tissue was the least damaged, which led to the improvement of its water‐holding capacity. Magnetic field‐assisted freezing was found to maintain the α‐helix and β‐sheet in the secondary structure of proteins. The correlation analysis showed that cohesion, elasticity, fractal dimension, FD, A2, A22 and β‐turn were closely related to the quality changes of tilapia fillets after magnetic field treatment.
Clinical manifestations of interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome: Analysis of a patient registry in Japan
Authors: Niimi Aya , Akiyama Yoshiyuki , Tomonori Yamanishi , Furuta Akira , Matsuo Tomohiro , Tomoe Hikaru , Kakizaki Hidehiro , Matsukawa Yoshihisa , Ogawa Teruyuki , Mitsui Takahiko , Masumori Naoya , Inamura So , Enomoto Yutaka , Nomiya Akira , Maeda Daichi , Igawa Yasuhiko , Kume Haruki , Homma Yukio 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo describe clinical manifestations of patients with interstitial cystitis and bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) using a patient registry in Japan.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study utilized a patient registry supported by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. Patients were classified as IC or BPS based on cystoscopic findings. Data on demographics, comorbidities, symptom severity, pain intensity, and bladder function were collected and we evaluated the differences in clinical characteristics between IC and BPS, and used multivariate analysis to search for additional factors that might contribute to pain.ResultA data set comprising 529 patients was obtained from 14 university hospitals. 66.5% of the cases were classified as IC and 33.5% as BPS. IC patients were significantly aged and female‐dominant. Comorbidities such as autoimmune diseases were more prevalent in IC patients.All of the symptom severity, quality of life impairment, and bladder function were significantly worse in patients with IC. Urinary frequency and maximum voided volume on the Frequency‐volume chart were 18.8 times and 15.0 times, and 160.9 and 214.1 mL, respectively. Bladder capacity under anesthesia was 293.8 and 472.6 mL, respectively. Maximum voided volume and the number of Hunner lesions were significant predictors of pain in IC patients.ConclusionThe analysis revealed clinical manifestations of IC/BPS using the largest cohort in Japan. The results indicated higher age, higher female proportion, and higher symptomatic and functional severity in IC patients compared to BPS.
Unexpected Delayed Incursion of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 (Clade 2.3.4.4b) Into the Antarctic Region
Authors: Lisovski Simeon , Günther Anne , Dewar Meagan , Ainley David , Aldunate Fabián , Arce Rodrigo , Ballard Grant , Bauer Silke , Belliure Josabel , Banyard Ashley C. , Boulinier Thierry , Bennison Ashley , Braun Christina , Cary Craig , Catry Paulo , Clessin Augustin , Connan Maelle , Correia Edna , Cox Aidan , Cristina Juan , Elrod Megan , Emerit Julia , Ferreiro Irene , Fowler Zoe , Gamble Amandine , Granadeiro José P. , Hurtado Joaquin , Jongsomjit Dennis , Lesage Célia , Lejeune Mathilde , Kuepfer Amanda , Lescroël Amélie , Li Amy , McDonald Ian R. , Menéndez‐Blázquez Javier , Morandini Virginia , Moratorio Gonzalo , Militão Teresa , Moreno Pilar , Perbolianachis Paula , Pennycook Jean , Raslan Maryam , Reid Scott M. , Richards‐Babbage Roanna , Schmidt Annie E. , Sander Martha Maria , Smyth Lucy , Soutullo Alvaro , Stanworth Andrew , Streith Léo , Tornos Jérémy , Varsani Arvind , Herzschuh Ulrike , Beer Martin , Wille Michelle 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTThe current highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 panzootic is having substantial impacts on wild birds and marine mammals. Following major and widespread outbreaks in South America, an incursion to Antarctica occurred late in the austral summer of 2023/2024 and was confined to the region of the Antarctic Peninsula. To infer potential underlying processes, we compiled H5N1 surveillance data from Antarctica and sub‐Antarctic Islands prior to the first confirmed cases.
Efficient property value estimation for single‐family homes in central Florida
Authors: Lozano Sebastián , Gutiérrez Ester , Klizentyte Kotryna , Susaeta Andrés 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper proposes the use of a metafrontier efficiency analysis approach to estimate residential property values. The objective is to mitigate inefficiencies in these valuations, thereby enhancing tax revenue and fairness in tax burdens. Property features (such as acreage, living area, number of bedrooms, number of bathrooms, age, and pool presence) along with contextual variables (such as county and median household income) are utilized to estimate just market value. Observations can be grouped based on some of these variables, allowing a metafrontier analysis to be conducted. This analysis not only assesses efficiency scores but also identifies technology gaps for each group. Furthermore, the proposed approach can be employed to estimate the value of any property based on its characteristics. To illustrate the proposed approach, we utilize data on over 30,000 properties in Orange and Seminole Counties in central Florida. Additionally, we present the results of a robust regression approach for comparison purposes. While our approach can serve as a valuable tool across various sectors, its primary aim is to promote best practices in governance regarding land use and real estate valuation. This includes balancing multiple objectives such as tax revenue, economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social considerations.
Effect of seasonal changes in temperature on capture efficiency in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, fed seston and microplastics
Authors: Rosa Maria , Capriotti Martina , Austin Kayla , Shumway Sandra E. , Ward J. Evan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSuspension‐feeding bivalve molluscs are dominant benthic fauna in many near‐shore environments, with phytoplankton often being their main prey type. Feeding, which involves hydrosol filtration and mucociliary processes to capture particles and process them for digestion, occurs at low Reynolds numbers. Changes in water temperature have been shown to affect feeding processes of bivalves as a result of altered physiological processes or temperature‐dependent changes in kinematic viscosity of water. Most studies, however, have focused on feeding rates and have manipulated temperature under laboratory conditions. In this study, experiments were conducted using ambient seawater and acclimatized blue mussels, Mytilus edulis, to examine particle capture efficiency over a 1‐year period. During this period, water temperature decreased from ~18°C to 5°C with a concomitant increase in viscosity of ~41%. The capture of a wide variety of bacteria and phytoeukaryotes (0.8–8 μm), as well as two sizes of polystyrene microspheres (1 and 6 μm), was quantified to calculate capture efficiency. Data demonstrate that temperature, and the concomitant change in water viscosity, had no significant effect on capture efficiency. Cyanobacteria were captured at significantly higher rates than other bacteria of similar size. These results suggest that the laterofrontal cirri of blue mussels act as paddles rather than sieves because capture efficiency was constant over a range of viscosities and Reynolds numbers. Additionally, the efficient capture of some bacteria and smaller phytoeukaryotes by the mussels suggests that these plankters could play a larger role in the diet of M. edulis than previously considered. The ecological impact of these findings, especially regarding differences in capture efficiency of different bacterial cells, warrants further study.
Exchange bias induced by CoMn2O4 interface grown through sequential annealing in Mn2O3@Co3O4 core–shell nanocomposite
Authors: Yadav Naveen , Kumar Akshay , Kumari Kavita , Sharma Mohit K. , Park Sujeong , Kumar Shalendra , Kim Jong‐Woo , Yun Chiho , Huh Seok‐Hwan , Koo Bon Heun 
Published: October 2024

AbstractExchange interactions at the interfaces are the root to produce conventional exchange bias in ferromagnet/antiferromagnet (FM/AFM) heterostructures, which are extensively utilized in spintronics. This work proposes an unconventional approach for the growth of the CoMn2O4 interface in Mn2O3@Co3O4 core–shell, which led to an unprecedented exchange bias. Specimens were prepared with a modified two‐step co‐precipitation method followed by the controlled heating episodes, to initiate the Co2+/3+/Mn2+/3+/4+ cation exchange, which facilitates CoMn2O4 interface in the sample (SA‐1). For comparison, Mn2O3@Co3O4 composite was synthesized with inhibited cation exchange (SA‐2 specimen). X‐ray diffraction and high‐resolution transmission electron microscope results confirmed the presence of each phase with core–shell type morphology. SA‐1 sample experiences AFM–FiM (ferrimagnetic) exchange coupling, revealed by the strongly bifurcated zero field‐cooled and field‐cooled magnetization curves below the Néel temperature (TN‐86 K), resulting in large exchange bias field (HEB) strength of 2712 Oe. Training effect data fitted with thermal relaxation and frozen‐rotatable spin relaxation model suggests the dominant character of uncompensated rotating spins in AFM–FiM–AFM interfaces as opposed to the relaxing frozen spins found in conventional AFM–FM interfaces.