bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial Differences in Patterns of Care Among Medicaid-Enrolled Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Kimmick Gretchen , Camacho Fabian , Foley Kristi Long , Levine Edward A. , Balkrishnan Rajesh , Anderson Roger 
Published: February 2017

Purpose Suboptimal care among minority and low-income patients may explain poorer survival. There is little information describing patterns of health care in Medicaid-insured women with breast cancer in the United States. Using a previously created and validated database linking Medicaid claims and state-wide tumor registry data, we describe patterns of breast cancer care within a low-income population. Methods Sample characteristics were described by frequencies and means. Logistic regressions were used to determine predictors of type of surgery, use of radiation therapy after breast-conserving surgery (BCS), and use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Results The sample consisted of 974 women. The dataset included only white (58%) and black (42%) women. Sixty-seven percent were treated with mastectomy; 43% received adjuvant chemotherapy; and 67% of women receiving BCS received adjuvant radiation. In multivariate analysis, predictors of BCS were young age, black race, and smaller tumor size. Furthermore, there was a trend toward more black than white women with tumors 4 cm or larger having BCS (18% v 8%; P = .06). Race was not related to use of adjuvant radiation therapy after BCS or to use of adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusion In this group of patients with breast cancer enrolled in Medicaid, black women were more likely than white women to have BCS. Race was not associated with adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy use. Factors affecting the quality of care delivered to low-income and minority patients are complex, and better care lies in exploring areas that need improvement.
Phase II Trial of a Novel Paclitaxel Schedule As Single-Agent, First-Line Therapy for HER-2/neu–Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer: A Community-Based Study
Authors: Loesch David , Robert Nicholas , Jones Stephen , Elkordy Maha , Ilegbodu Des , Asmar Lina 
Published: February 2017

Purpose To determine the response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), and toxicity in patients with HER-2/neu–negative metastatic breast cancer treated with first-line paclitaxel in a de-escalating dosing schedule. Patients and Methods Between August 1999 and December 2000, 73 patients were enrolled. Paclitaxel was administered on day 1 (175 mg/m2) and on days 8 and 15 (80 mg/m2 each) in each 4-week cycle (1 week of rest). Doses were de-escalated with the aim of reducing toxicity. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0, 1, or 2 was found in 55%, 41%, and 4% of patients, respectively. Median age was 59 years (range, 38 to 84 years), and 86% of patients had received prior surgery; 60%, adjuvant chemotherapy; and 59%, radiation therapy. Results Based on an intention-to-treat analysis (N = 73), there were five patients with a complete response (6.8%), 16 with a partial response (21.9%), 17 with stable disease (23.3%), and 23 with progressive disease (31.5%) for an RR of 28.7%. Twelve patients (16.4%) were not assessable for response due to toxicity (seven patients, mainly neuropathy), withdrawal of consent (two patients), early death (two patients), or noncompliance (one patient). Median PFS was 6.5 months (range, < 1 to 36.1 months), median survival was 22.8 months (range, < 1 to 36.1 months), and median duration of response was 8.8 months (range, 3.0 to 31.8 months). Patients (n = 72) were evaluated for toxicity. Grade 3 to 4 treatment-related toxicities occurring in more than 5% of patients included neutropenia (22.2%), neuropathy (18.1%), fatigue (6.9%), and leukopenia (5.6%). Conclusion In a unique de-escalating schedule, this study of single-agent paclitaxel produced a response rate similar to other single-agent paclitaxel schedules, in first-line therapy for metastatic breast cancer, published in the literature. However, this schedule is not recommended for the therapy of metastatic breast cancer because of the higher rate of toxicity.
Validation of the multiplier method for leg-length predictions on a large European cohort and an assessment of the effect of physiological age on predictions
Authors: Aird J. J. , Cheesman C. L. , Schade A.T. , Monsell F. P. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose The Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) prospective cohort was used to determine the accuracy of the Paley multiplier method for predicting leg length. Using menarche as a proxy, physiological age was then used to increase the accuracy of the multiplier. Methods Chronological age was corrected in female patients over the age of eight years with documented date of first menses. Final sub-ischial leg length and predicted final leg length were predicted for all data points. Results Good correlation was demonstrated between the Paley and ALSPAC data. The average error in prediction depended on the time of assessment, tending to improve as the child got older. It varied from 2.2 cm at the age of seven years to 1.8 cm at the age of 14 years. When chronological age was corrected, the accuracy of multiplier increased. Age correction of 50% improved multiplier predictions by up to 28%. Conclusion There appears to have been no significant change in growth trajectories of the two populations who were chronologically separated by 40 years. While the Paley data were based on extracting trends from averaged data, the ALSPAC dataset provides descriptive statistics from which it is possible to compare populations and assess the accuracy of the multiplier method. The data suggest that the accuracy improves as the patient gets close to the average skeletal maturity but that results need to be interpreted in conjunction with a radiological assessment of the growth plates. The magnitude of the errors in prediction suggest that when using the multiplier, the clinician must remain vigilant and prepared to perform a contralateral epiphyseodisis if the prediction proves to be wrong. The data suggest a relationship between the multiplier and menarche. There appears to be a factorisation and when accounting for physiological age, one needs to correct by 50% of the difference between chronological and physiological age.
A Hydrothermally Processed Maize Starch and Its Effects on Blood Glucose Levels During High-Intensity Interval Exercise
Authors: Hetrick Megan M. , Naquin Mildred R. , Gillan Wynn W. , Williams Brian M. , Kraemer Robert R. 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
Hetrick, MM, Naquin, MR, Gillan, WW, Williams, BM, and Kraemer, RR. A hydrothermally processed maize starch and its effects on blood glucose levels during high-intensity interval exercise. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 3–12, 2018—A hydrothermally processed maize starch (HPMS) has been shown to blunt initial blood glucose and insulin response during endurance activity at 70% maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o
2max). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is a form of exercise that has many health benefits although it is only performed for short periods of time with interspersed rest periods. The purpose of this study was to compare the blood glucose and associated metabolic stress responses to a sprint interval cycling (SIC) exercise protocol (a form of HIIT) with and without an HPMS in a healthy population. Fourteen subjects completed a total of 4 sessions: a preliminary session, an SIC session with HPMS, an SIC session without HPMS, and a control session in which only HPMS was ingested. Blood glucose, blood lactate, respiratory exchange ratio, oxygen consumption, and rating of perceived exertion responses were recorded during the sessions. There was a significant and progressive rise in blood glucose levels during each of the cycle sprints of both exercise sessions, but not a significant difference between treatment or nontreatment SIC sessions. This is the first study to determine blood glucose responses to SIC after each sprint interval and to report that ingestion of HPMS does not affect glucose responses to SIC. The findings provide some preliminary evidence suggesting subjects at risk for glucose excursions could use SIC to improve health through monitoring blood glucose concentrations during SIC and if necessary, modifying number, intensity, and duration of sprints completed.
Intrinsic Circuits in the Lateral Central Amygdala
Authors: Hunt Sarah , Sun Yajie , Kucukdereli Hakan , Klein Rüdiger , Sah Pankaj 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNetwork activity in the lateral central amygdala (CeL) plays a crucial role in fear learning and emotional processing. However, the local circuits of the CeL are not fully understood and have only recently begun to be explored in detail. Here, we characterized the intrinsic circuits in the CeL using paired whole-call patch-clamp recordings, immunohistochemistry, and optogenetics in C57BL/6J wild-type and somatostatin-cre (SOM-Cre) mice. Our results revealed that throughout the rostrocaudal extent of the CeL, neurons form inhibitory connections at a rate of ∼29% with an average amplitude of 20 ± 3 pA (at −40 mV). Inhibitory input from a single neuron is sufficient to halt firing in the postsynaptic neuron.Post hocimmunostaining for protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) in wild-type mice and paired recordings in SOM-Cre mice demonstrated that the most common local connections were PKCδ(−) → PKCδ(−) and SOM(+) → SOM(+). Finally, by optogenetically activating either SOM(+) or SOM(−) neurons, we found that almost all neurons in the CeL were innervated by these neuronal populations and that connections between like neurons were stronger than those between different neuronal types. These findings reveal a complex network of connections within the CeL and provide the foundations for future behavior-specific circuit analysis of this complex network.
Girl Power: Back to the Future of Feminist Science Fiction with Into the Forest and Arrival
Authors: Mayer Sophie 
Published: February 2017

Arrival (Denis Villeneuve, 2016) memed before it even hit the cinema screen. One image from the trailer was shared widely online: Dr. Louise Banks (Amy Adams) making first linguistic contact with the aliens who have appeared in low Earth orbit by holding up a whiteboard saying HUMAN. This single shot appeared to sum up both Arrival's premise of communication above all and its promise to correct all that has gone wrong with mainstream genre cinema of late: a female protagonist—a scientist, no less—making lo-tech peace, rather than CGI war, with alien visitors. The trailer, like the film, boasts a female voice-over (still a rarity), and shows that Dr. Banks is not only a professional, but a working mother. Like Ryan (Sandra Bullock) in Gravity (Alfonso Cuarón, 2013), Louise is defined by maternity and the loss of a child as much as by her scientific and communications ability as a professor of languages.
The film consistently wants to have it both ways: it backs, at different moments, both the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis that linguistic difference changes you and Noam Chomsky's claim that language has a universal grammar, even cosmically so. Similarly, it claims to be changing the genre landscape—through the difference of a (solo, isolated) female lead bent on making peace (and babies)—while actually keeping it much the same. It vaunts technology (and limited female competence therewith), particularly the screenality of the military-industrial complex, but also romanticizes and domesticates the embodied and haptic.
Diseminación [JP]
Authors: Pastor Bravo Jesús 
Published: February 2017

La secuencia de imágenes nace de la conversión en puntos de una fotografía en blanco y negro que me realizó el artista Antón Sobral. Fue muy sugerente profundizar en la concepción de retrato y autorretrato desde un punto de vista psicológico, conceptual y visual, con origen en las variaciones de ordenamiento de los pequeños fragmentos a los que fue reducida la fotografía. Las imágenes se originan con un revelado analógico en blanco y negro sobre papel de sales de plata, y recortada en un número indeterminado de trozos circulares. Las diferentes acumulaciones de los pequeños puntos, al volver a ser fotografiados, refractan la luz, debido al recubrimiento de sales de plata, según sean la iluminación y el ángulo de inclinación de los papeles, lo que produce la descomposición del espectro visible convirtiendo la imagen-origen en blanco y negro en otra donde abundan los matices de color. Con las imágenes se incluyen una serie de textos, que son recogidos de otros textos y que algunos de ellos remiten, además, a otros textos o autores, aunque no tienen la función, en absoluto, de ser citas o explicaciones. Simplemente son ángulos de interpretación o acotamientos de terrenos o sugerencias de lectura. Poseen entidad de elementos individuales, recogidos de un libro individual y concreto y no referenciados como bibliografía genérica. La función de la serie de imágenes propuesta es abrir y definir el retrato/autorretrato como la imagen mental conformada por la figuración ideal de todas las posibles imágenes producidas o por realizar, según la misma sistemática de acumulación de fracturas. Planteamos si la obra puede considerarse como autorretrato, puesto que tiene autoría personal y está referida a la visión que tiene el autor de sí mismo, o como retrato porque parte de una imagen analógica captada por otro artista, lo que incluye, su propia versión personal. Subyace en el trabajo el sentido de la identidad del sujeto. La identidad personal ya no será física o temporal, real o histórica, ni siquiera biográfica, sino que será mental, figurada o imaginada, concluyendo en una disolución aparente del yo. El esfuerzo de reconstrucción del yo o mejor, de creación consciente del yo, se ve perturbado o completado, según se determine, por la irrupción de otros autores y pensadores, diversos en sus concepciones vitales, a través de sus propios textos desgajados y descontextualizados de la narrativa donde ellos la incluyeron. Son reordenados entre sí por voluntad del autor y serán desnaturalizados como textos al ser tratados como imagen. Los fragmentos fortuitos e inciertos, su final e inconclusa imagen mental y necesariamente disruptiva del yo, se aúnan con las imágenes de los textos inconexos de otros pensadores, conformando la obra final. Es entonces cuando el autor/artista adquiere sentido.Jesús Pastor
Effect of grafting tomato on different rootstocks under protected environment in mid hills of NW Himalayan region
Authors: Kumar Pardeep , Sharma Parveen , Vats Binny 
Published: February 2017

Seven different rootstocks were taken and horticulturally superior scion Avtar was used as scion. The grafted seedlings were transplanted in a randomized block design having three replications. The rootstocks used significantly affected the yield as well as quality of the tomato. The brinjal rootstock VI034845 recorded maximum number of fruits (35.66), fruit yield (2.14kg), plant height (205.66 cm), highest ascorbic acid (31.25 mg/100gf), TSS (6.23% and pericarp thickness (4.16mm).
Relationship Parity and Contraception with Mild Preeclampsia at Puskesmas Jagir
Authors: Setiawan Rizky Pradana 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTMild preeclampsia is the frequent disease experienced by pregnant women in Puskesmas Jagir in 2011-2014. The number of mild preeclampsia in Puskesmas Jagir keep increase significantly. The purpose of this study is to analyze the association between the characteristics, family history and calcium supplementation in pregnant women with mild preeclampsia at Puskesmas Jagir Surabaya. The type of research is non-reactive research with case control design. Subjects was taken from the population using simple random sampling. The variables studied were age, body weight changes, parity, family history of preeclampsia, contraception, family history of diabetes mellitus, family history of chronic hypertension, and calcium supplementation. The statistical test was Chi-square test with α = 0.05, odds Ratio is calculated by value with 95% confidence interval (CI 95%). Variables associated with mild preeclampsia is a maternal characteristics such as parity (p = 0.001, OR 0.17) and contraception (p = 0.019, OR = 5.636). Variables that are not associated with mild preeclampsia is a maternal characteristics such as the form of changes in body weight during pregnancy, age, and family history of diabetes mellitus in the form of family history and family history of hypertension and calcium supplementation. There is a association between parity and contraception with mild preeclampsia.Keywords: mild preeclampsia, parity, contraception
Церебральна атрофія при хворобі малих судин головного мозку
Authors: Mishchenko T.S. , Nikishkova I.M. , Mishchenko V.M. , Kutikov D.O. 
Published: February 2017

Статтю присвячено дослідженню ймовірності розвитку церебральної атрофії (ЦА) за МРТ-маркерами хвороби малих судин (ХМС) мозку. Під час ретроспективного когортного дослідження даних 308 пацієнтів віком від 50 до 85 років із ХМС мозку ознаки ЦА було виявлено у 60 % хворих, з переважанням серед чоловіків (р = 0,00001), при цьому ЦА не була пов’язаною з віком пацієнтів, але була опосередковано асоційованою з ХМС мозку. За якістю маркерів ХМС мозку ЦА найтісніше була пов’язаною з лейкоареозом (р < 0,0001), а за кількістю — з комбінацією будь-яких 3 або 4 маркерів (р < 0,0001). Визначення ефективності різних підходів у прогнозі ризику розвитку ЦА за маркерами хвороби шляхом порівняльного аналізу 4 різних дизайнів показало, що використання розробленої нами логіт-моделі з чутливістю у 90,09 % та специфічністю у 97,17 % є найбільш адекватним способом встановлення ймовірності церебральних атрофічних змін при ХМС мозку.
Вплив препарату Білобіл інтенс на функціональний стан центральної нервової системи у хворих похилого віку, які перенесли ішемічний інсульт
Authors: Kuznetsova S.M. , Shulzhenco D.V. , Kuznetsov V.V. 
Published: February 2017

У статті надано клініко-інструментальний аналіз впливу препарату Білобіл інтенс на функціональний стан центральної нервової системи у хворих похилого віку, які перенесли ішемічний інсульт (у ранній відновний період). Відзначається позитивний вплив препарату на загальний стан хворих, когнітивні функції, неврологічний статус, якість життя, соціально-побутову адаптацію, також відбувається гармонізація структури біоелектричної активності головного мозку і поліпшення церебральної гемодинаміки, що дає авторам підставу рекомендувати включення препарату Білобіл інтенс до системи комплексної медикаментозної реабілітації хворих, які перенесли ішемічний інсульт.
Фармакотерапія постінсультної депресії
Authors: Tsiurko B.O. , Pelepeichenko A.Yu. , Raskalei D.V. , Kaliuzhnyi G.V. , Makhinia O.V. 
Published: February 2017

Статтю присвячено проблемі постінсультної депресії. Депресія ускладнює перебіг інсульту, уповільнює відновлення порушених функцій, погіршує соціальну адаптацію, знижує якість життя. У зв’язку з цим медикаментозна терапія депресії повинна розглядатися як складова частина процесу реабілітації. Вибір антидепресанту повинен бути індивідуальним і базуватися на клінічній оцінці стану пацієнта. Згідно з рекомендаціями FDA одним з оптимальних антидепресантів для лікування пацієнтів із постінсультною депресією є тразодон. Він має мультимодальну дію — пригнічує зворотне захоплення серотоніну і блокує серотонінові рецептори 2-го типу, що забезпечує більш сприятливий профіль безпеки в порівнянні з селективними інгібіторами зворотного захоплення серотоніну.
Increases in CD4+ T-Cell Count at Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation among HIV-Positive Illicit Drug users during a Treatment-as-Prevention Initiative in Canada
Authors: Tran Mimi , Wood Evan , Kerr Thomas , Patterson Sophie , Bangsberg David , Dong Huiru , Guillemi Silvia , Montaner Julio SG , Milloy M-J 
Published: February 2017

Background Although treatment-as-prevention (TasP) efforts are a new cornerstone of efforts to respond to the HIV/AIDS pandemic, their effects among people who use drugs (PWUD) have not been fully evaluated. This study characterizes temporal trends in CD4+ T-cell (CD4) count at ART initiation and rates of virological response among HIV-positive PWUD during a TasP initiative. Methods We used data on individuals initiating ART within a prospective cohort of PWUD linked to comprehensive clinical records. Using multivariable linear regression, we evaluated the relationship between CD4 count prior to ART initiation and year of initiation and time to HIV-1 RNA viral load <50 copies/ml following initiation using Cox proportional hazards modelling. Results Among 355 individuals, CD4 count at initiation rose from 130 to 330 cells/ml from 2005 to 2013. In multivariable regression, initiation year was significantly associated with higher CD4 count (β=29.5 cells per year, 95% CI 21.0, 37.9). Initiating ART at higher CD4 counts was significantly associated with optimal viral response (adjusted hazard ratio =1.13 per 100 cells/ml increase, 95% CI 1.05, 1.22). Conclusions Increases in CD4 cell count at initiation over time was associated with superior virological response, consistent with the aims of the TasP initiative.
Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid Virological Escape in Patients on Long-Term Protease Inhibitor Monotherapy
Authors:   the Protease Inhibitor monotherapy Versus Ongoing Triple therapy (PIVOT) CNS sub-study Team, Arenas-Pinto Alejandro , Stöhr Wolfgang , Clarke Amanda , Williams Ian , Beeching Nicholas J , Minton Jane , Lee Vincent , Paton Nicholas I 
Published: February 2017

Background A strategy of protease inhibitor (PI) mono-therapy with re-introduction of triple therapy in those who rebound has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment simplification approach for long-term management. We sought evidence for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) virological escape in patients on long-term PI monotherapy. Methods We performed lumbar puncture in asymptomatic participants with suppressed plasma HIV RNA after 96 weeks on the PI monotherapy arm (PI-mono) of the PIVOT trial. We also report CSF HIV RNA concentration in trial participants who were investigated for neurological/ neurocognitive symptoms during the trial regardless of study arm allocation. Results All 11 asymptomatic participants on PI-mono who were tested had undetectable CSF HIV RNA at week 96. One of the three symptomatic participants on PI-mono had CSF HIV RNA of 1,895 copies/ml (undetectable in plasma) and neither of two symptomatic participants on triple therapy had CSF HIV RNA detected. Conclusions CSF virological escape appears rare in asymptomatic patients on PI monotherapy and may not warrant routine CSF monitoring, but patients with symptoms merit more concern.
Améry's Duress
Authors: Bernstein Jeffrey 
Published: February 2017

If truth hurts, this is no doubt because it is often enough forced on us. And the question as to whether the reception of “nice,” “easy” truths is similarly an outcome of coercion negates itself in its very formulation—we do not ask “why are things the way they are?” from a feeling of comfort; the plaintiff cry of “how, then, shall we live?” does not come to us out of a sense of security. Indeed, insofar as truth overtakes us and interrupts the conventions of our lives, it occurs to us quite apart from our ordinary desires and wants. We are thus faced with a paradox: what claim can truth make on a being that “doesn’t need it and doesn’t care about it—since it doesn’t at all concern his needs”? When one considers that the awareness of truth is indexed to lived experience, the paradox is only heightened.