bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes and perceptions of annotated video feedback following psychomotor skill laboratories
Authors: Truskowski S. , VanderMolen J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThis study sought to explore the effectiveness of annotated video technology for providing feedback to occupational therapy students learning transfers, range of motion and manual muscle testing. Fifty‐seven first‐year occupational therapy students were split into two groups. One received annotated video feedback during a transfer lab and traditional feedback during an upper extremity assessment lab. The second group received the opposite forms of feedback during the same labs. Students completed an online survey regarding their perceptions of learning based on the type of feedback received, including both numerical and open‐ended questions. Students receiving annotated feedback scored significantly higher on the transfer practical. There was no statistically significant difference in the outcomes of the upper extremity practical. Annotated video feedback appears to significantly improve student learning when video content and feedback matches the skill to be assessed. Despite these findings, students have mixed perceptions of this form of feedback.
Cross‐sectional associations of impaired glucose metabolism measures with bleeding on probing and periodontitis
Authors: Pérez Cynthia M. , Muñoz Francisco , Andriankaja Oelisoa M. , Ritchie Christine S. , Martínez Sasha , Vergara José , Vivaldi José , López Lydia , Campos Maribel , Joshipura Kaumudi J. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAimThis study assessed the associations of pre‐diabetes and insulin resistance with bleeding on probing (BOP) and periodontitis among adults.Materials and methodsWe included 1191 Hispanic adults aged 40–65 years, free of diabetes, enrolled in San Juan Overweight Adults Longitudinal Study. Pre‐diabetes was defined as impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), or impaired glycated haemoglobin. Impaired one‐hour plasma glucose (1hPG) was defined as levels >155 mg/dl. Insulin resistance was defined using the study population‐specific 75th percentile (HOMA‐IR ≥ 3.13). High BOP was defined as percentage of teeth with bleeding ≥30%. Periodontitis was defined according to the CDC/AAP definition.ResultsAfter multivariable adjustment for age, gender, education, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, obesity, HDL‐C, and plaque index, pre‐diabetes with and without 1hPG, IFG, impaired 1hPG, IGT, and HOMA‐IR were significantly associated with high BOP; pre‐diabetes, IFG, and impaired 1hPG were significantly associated with severe periodontitis. Most of these associations remained significant when the analyses were restricted to non‐smokers.ConclusionsThis study suggests associations between pre‐diabetes and insulin resistance with BOP and periodontitis. Given the high prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism and periodontitis, the assessment of the temporal sequence of these associations is of utmost importance.
Risk factors for recurrence after successful treatment of warts: the role of smoking habits
Authors: Bencini P.L. , Guida S. , Cazzaniga S. , Pellacani G. , Galimberti M.G. , Bencini M. , Naldi L. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundSeveral therapies have been proposed for cutaneous warts without results concerning factors affecting recurrences.ObjectiveTo determine the importance of individual characteristics and different therapy modalities in the occurrence of relapses.MethodsObservational prospective cohort study including 199 patients affected by multiple plantar warts treated as follows: 49 with keratolytics, 50 with CO2 laser, 50 with pulsed dye laser (PDL) and 50 with cryotherapy. Personal data were evaluated through a questionnaire, and treatment information was collected. A Cox regression analysis was performed to identify independent factors for relapse occurrence.ResultsOf patients, 57.8% showed a persistent clearance of warts after treatment with a higher recurrence‐free interval when treated with PDL. Accordingly, the risk of recurrence was increased with CO2 laser [hazard ratio (HR) 2.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.49–5.74] and keratolytic treatment (HR 3.23, 95% CI 1.60–6.54), as compared to PDL. Furthermore, the multivariate analysis highlighted a higher risk of recurrence in patients between 26 and 35 years (HR 1.88, 95% CI 1.03–3.45), older than 35 (HR 2.23, 95% CI 1.23–4.07) and smokers (HR 4.90, 95% CI 3.09–7.78).ConclusionsPulsed dye laser is characterized by the lowest rate of recurrence. Furthermore, our study highlights that the risk of warts relapse is 5‐fold higher in smokers compared to non‐smokers, revealing the importance of the effects of smoking on inflammation and immune response.
Rapid differentiation and asynchronous coevolution of male and female genitalia in stink bugs
Authors: Genevcius B. C. , Caetano D. S. , Schwertner C. F. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDespite claims that genitalia are among the fastest evolving phenotypes, few studies have tested this trend in a quantitative and phylogenetic framework. In systems where male and female genitalia coevolve, there is a growing effort to explore qualitative patterns of evolution and their underlying mechanisms, but the temporal aspect remains overlooked. An intriguing question is how fast male and female genitalia may change in a coevolutionary scenario. Here, we apply a series of comparative phylogenetic analyses to reveal a scenario of correlated evolution and to investigate how fast male and female external, nonhomologous and functionally integrated genitalia change in a group of stink bugs. We report three findings: the female gonocoxite 8 and the male pygophore showed a clear pattern of correlated evolution, both genitalia were estimated to evolve much faster than nongenital traits, and rates of evolution of the male genitalia were twice as fast as the female genitalia. Our results corroborate the widely held view that male genitalia evolve fast and add to the scarce evidence for rapidly evolving female genitalia. Different rates of evolution exhibited by males and females suggest either distinct forms or strengths of selection, despite their tight functional integration and coevolution. The morphological characteristics of this coevolutionary trend are more consistent with a cooperative adjustment of the genitalia, suggesting a scenario of female choice, morphological accommodation, lock‐and‐key or some combination of the three.
Crowd control: sex ratio affects sexually selected cuticular hydrocarbons in male Drosophila serrata
Authors: Gershman S. N. , Rundle H. D. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlthough it is advantageous for males to express costly sexually selected signals when females are present, they may also benefit from suppressing these signals to avoid costly interactions with rival males. Cuticular chemical profiles frequently function as insect sexual signals; however, few studies have asked whether males alter these signals in response to their social environment. In Drosophila serrata, an Australian fly, there is sexual selection for a multivariate combination of male cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). Here, we show that the ratio of females to males that an adult male experiences has a strong effect on his CHC expression, with female‐biased adult sex ratios eliciting greater expression of CHC profiles associated with higher male mating success. Classical models predict that male reproductive investment should be highest when there is a small but nonzero number of rivals, but we found that males expressed the most attractive combination of CHCs when there were no rivals. We found that male CHCs were highly sensitive to adult sex ratio, with males expressing higher values of CHC profiles associated with greater mating success as the ratio of females to males increased. Moreover, sex ratio has a stronger effect on male CHC expression than adult density. Finally, we explore whether sex ratio affects the variance among a group of males in their CHC expression, as might be expected if individuals respond differently to a given social environment, but find little effect. Our results reveal that subtle differences in social environment can induce plasticity in male chemical signal expression.
Disseminated infection due to Exophiala pisciphila in Cardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi
Authors: Řehulka J , Kolařík M , Hubka V 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCardinal tetra, Paracheirodon axelrodi (Schultz, 1956), kept in an ornamental tank, was found to be affected by severe invasive mycosis. Externally, the disease manifested as abdominal swelling, and internally, the anterior part of the intestine was extremely bloated with abundant dematiaceous septate hyphae and an accumulation of fluid. Histopathologically, a granulomatous inflammatory response was observed in the intestine wall, kidney and spleen. We assume that the mycotic agent was primarily deposited in the intestine and was then gradually disseminated to the other organs. DNA sequencing of ITS and LSU rDNA regions and phenotypic characterization were used for identification of the isolated fungus. The obtained data confirmed that the infection was caused by Exophiala pisciphila. The disease was subsequently reproduced in the carp fingerling using intramuscular and intraperitoneal injection of a spore suspension. The 13th day after intramuscular infection, a marked elevation of neutrophils was recorded in the peripheral blood; this involved a proliferation of band forms and segmented forms. As far as we know, this is the first report of infection due to E. pisciphila in Cardinal tetra.
The paradoxical changes of membrane and soluble herpes virus entry mediator in hepatocellular carcinoma patients
Authors: Zhao Qiyi , Zhang Geng‐lin , Zhu Xiang , Su Di , Huang Zhan‐Lian , Hu Zhao‐xia , Peng Liang 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackground and AimThe herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM) network has become new directions in targeting novel checkpoint inhibitors for cancer therapy. However, the changes of membrane‐bound HVEM (mHVEM) and soluble HVEM (sHVEM) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are not fully understood. This study aims to study the changes of mHVEM and sHVEM in HCC patients.MethodsSerum samples were collected from 65 HCC patients, from which sHVEM levels were examined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Expressions of mHVEM on peripheral lymphocytes from 20 HCC patients were determined using flow cytometry, and associations between mHVEM on T and B cells were analyzed.ResultsThe levels of mHVEM were downregulated on peripheral lymphocytes in HCC patients, with a strong positive correlation between mHVEM expression on T and B cells. In contrast, the levels of soluble HVEM were upregulated in the serum of HCC patients. Furthermore, we found that the increase in sHVEM level was correlated with advanced stages HCC.ConclusionOur data demonstrated paradoxical changes of membrane and soluble HVEM in the peripheral blood of HCC patients for the first time. These data supported the notion that roles of HVEM are likely to be immunosuppressive rather than activating tumor immunity. Future studies are warranted to further explore the translational values of mHVEM and sHVEM in peripheral blood as diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets.
Influence of Material‐Related Aspects of Additive and Subtractive Ti‐6Al‐4V Manufacturing on Energy Demand and Carbon Dioxide Emissions
Authors: Priarone Paolo C. , Ingarao Giuseppe , di Lorenzo Rosa , Settineri Luca 
Published: December 2016

SummaryThe additive manufacturing of metal parts represents a promising process that could be used alongside traditional manufacturing methods. The research scenario in this field is still largely unexplored, as far as the technological solutions adopted to integrate different processes are concerned and in terms of environmental and economic impact assessment. In this article, an electron beam melting (EBM) process and a machining process have been analyzed and compared using a cradle‐to‐grave life cycle–based approach. The production of components made of the Ti‐6Al‐4V alloy has been assumed as a case study. The proposed methodology is able to account for all of the main factors of influence on energy demand and carbon dioxide emissions when the component shape is varied. The results prove that, besides the direct energy intensity of the manufacturing processes, the impacts related to material usage are usually dominant. Therefore, when complex geometries have to be manufactured, the additive manufacturing approach could be the best strategy, if it enables a larger amount of material savings than conventional machining. Vice versa, when a small amount of material has to be machined off, the high energy intensity of an EBM process has a negative effect on the performance of the process.
Influence of a community‐based stretching intervention on the health outcomes among Korean‐Chinese female migrant workers in South Korea: A randomized prospective trial
Authors: Lee Hyeonkyeong , Chae Duckhee , Cho Sunghye , Kim Junghee , Yoo Ri 
Published: December 2016

AimTo investigate the long‐term effectiveness of stretching exercises on the health outcomes of Korean‐Chinese female migrant workers.MethodsThis study was a randomized prospective trial. The study's participants (n = 80) were middle‐aged, Korean‐Chinese women who had worked full‐time during the previous 6 months. They were assigned randomly to an enhanced stretching intervention group or a standard stretching intervention group. Both groups were instructed to carry out a structured 6 min stretching exercise program for at least three times per day and 5 days per week. The enhanced intervention group received additional interventions to increase exercise adherence through individual phone counseling and short message service during the 12 weeks, followed by three sets of acculturation workshops during the period of weeks 13–24. Musculoskeletal fitness, symptoms, and acculturative stress were assessed at baseline, week 12, and week 24. Linear mixed‐models were used to test the interventions' effects.ResultsThe amount of stretching that was carried out, as a percentage of the recommended amount, was not significantly different between groups. There were significant improvements in flexibility of the back and work‐related musculoskeletal disorder symptoms after completing the 24 week intervention but no significant difference existed between the groups. Acculturative stress decreased at week 12 but there was no significant change at week 24.ConclusionsThe 24 week, community‐based stretching program for the Korean‐Chinese female migrant workers was effective in increasing their flexibility and decreasing work‐related musculoskeletal disorder symptoms. Culturally adaptive augmented interventions to increase social support are suggested in order to reduce acculturative stress.
Cortical spreading depression preconditioning mediates neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by inducing AMP‐activated protein kinase‐dependent autophagy in a rat cerebral ischemic/reperfusion injury model
Authors: Shen Pingping , Hou Shuai , Zhu Mingqin , Zhao Mingming , Ouyang Yibing , Feng Jiachun 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCortical spreading depression (CSD), based on its similarities with peri‐infarct depolarization, is an ideal model for investigating transformation from the ischemic penumbra to infarct core. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. To our knowledge, this is the first study to use a middle cerebral artery occlusion ischemic‐reperfusion (I/R) injury model to determine whether AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK)‐dependent autophagy contributes to the neuroprotection of CSD preconditioning in rat cortex. In this study, we topically applied a pledget soaked in 1 mol/L KCl solution on rat cortex for 2 h to elicite CSD or 1 mol/L NaCl solution as a control. The results demonstrated that CSD preconditioning significantly decreased the infarct volume, neurological deficits and neuronal apoptosis in the cortical penumbra of middle cerebral artery occlusion rats, which was inhibited by the autophagy inhibitor 3‐methyladenine (3‐MA, 200 nmol). Furthermore, CSD increased the protein levels of the autophagy markers LC3‐II, Beclin‐1 and the p‐AMPK (Thr172)/AMPK ratio at 12 h and decreased P62 and p‐P70S6K (Thr389). Moreover, the AMPK inhibitor Compound C (20 mg/kg) down‐regulated the LC3‐II, p‐AMPK (Thr172)/AMPK and ULK1 levels, up‐regulated the P62 and p‐P70S6K (Thr389) levels induced by CSD. The neuroprotection of CSD is likely a result of AMPK‐mediated autophagy activity and autophagy‐induced neuronal cells apoptosis inhibition. These novel findings support a central role for AMPK and autophagy in CSD‐induced ischemic tolerance. AMPK‐mediated autophagy may represent a new target for stroke.
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Hypoxia/ischemia activate processing of Amyloid Precursor Protein: impact of vascular dysfunction in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Salminen Antero , Kauppinen Anu , Kaarniranta Kai 
Published: December 2016

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with deficiencies in cerebrovascular functions, e.g. reduced cerebral blood flow and capillary amyloid angiopathy, both of which are evident during the early phase of AD, thus local hypoxia/ischemia could augment the pathogenesis of AD. There is abundant literature revealing that exposures to hypoxia/ischemia increase the amyloidogenic processing of amyloid‐β precursor protein (APP) leading to the accumulation of amyloid‐β peptides in brain. This hypoxia‐induced response has been attributed to a significant increase in the activities of β‐ and γ‐secretases, whereas α‐secretase activity decreases in hypoxia. Recent studies have indicated that hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) stimulates the transcription of the β‐secretase 1 (BACE1) gene through the hypoxia‐response element in the BACE1 promoter. Moreover, HIF‐1α protein can directly interact with the γ‐secretase complex and increase its activity in a non‐transcriptional manner. Hypoxia/ischemia also trigger endoplasmic reticulum stress and impair autophagy in brain, which consequently can stimulate the expression of presenilin 1 (PS1) and activate γ‐secretase. Subsequently, PS1 protein can stabilize HIF‐1α protein and in addition, APP intracellular domain peptide is able to induce the expression of HIF‐1α. The activation of β‐ and γ‐secretases is an evolutionarily conserved hypoxia response, e.g. it is also present in zebrafish. Given that β‐ and γ‐secretases have many substrates in addition to APP, one could postulate that AD pathology is a byproduct of the rescue process mediated by these two aspartyl proteinases under hypoxic/ischemic conditions. We will review the recent evidence indicating that vascular dysfunctions can provoke AD pathology by activating β‐ and γ‐secretases.
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A novel NDRG1 mutation in a non‐Romani patient with CMT4D/HMSN‐Lom
Authors: Piscosquito Giuseppe , Magri Stefania , Saveri Paola , Milani Micaela , Ciano Claudia , Farina Laura , Taroni Franco , Pareyson Davide 
Published: December 2016

AbstractCharcot‐Marie‐Tooth disease type 4D (CMT4D), also known as hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy Lom type (HMSNL), is an autosomal recessive, early onset, severe demyelinating neuropathy with hearing loss, caused by N‐Myc downstream‐regulated gene 1 (NDRG1) mutations. CMT4D is rare with only three known mutations, one of which (p.Arg148Ter) is found in patients of Romani ancestry and accounts for the vast majority of cases. We report a 38‐year‐old Italian female with motor development delay, progressive neuropathy, and sensorineural deafness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed slight atrophy of cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and upper cervical spinal cord. She had a novel homozygous NDRG1 frameshift mutation (c.739delC; p.His247ThrfsTer74). The identification of this NDRG1 mutation confirms that CMT4D is not a private Romani disease and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of recessive demyelinating CMT.
The role of oxidative stress in early‐onset androgenetic alopecia
Authors: Kaya Erdogan Hilal , Bulur Isıl , Kocaturk Evin , Yildiz Bahadir , Saracoglu Zeynep Nurhan , Alatas Ozkan 
Published: December 2016

AbstractBackgroundAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common cause of alopecia in men. In the literature, although there are in vitro studies investigating the relationship between oxidative stress and AGA, any in vivo study does not exist.AimOur aim was to evaluate the oxidative stress status in male patients with early‐onset AGA by measuring total oxidant levels (TOS), total antioxidant levels (TAS), and oxidative stress index (OSI).MethodsOur study included 33 male patients with early‐onset AGA and 30 healthy men between ages of 18 and 30 years old. TAS and TOS measurements were taken, and OSI was calculated.ResultsWhen TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were compared between patient and control groups, there was no difference for TAS level, while TOS and OSI were significantly higher in patient group. In patient group, correlation between TAS, TOS, and OSI levels and age, and disease onset age and disease duration was evaluated. Highly significant negative correlation was determined between TAS level and both age and disease duration. When TAS, TOS, and OSI levels were assessed according to AGA stage, there was no significant difference between groups, while OSI level was significantly higher in patients with family history.ConclusionsWe found increased oxidative stress in younger patients with early‐onset AGA. There is need for further molecular studies on the role of oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of AGA. We also think that topical or systemic antioxidants can be promising in treatment of AGA, especially for young patients.
Effects of a surgical ward care protocol following open colon surgery as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery programme
Authors: Kim BoYeoul , Park SungHee , Park KyuJoo , Ryoo SeungBum 
Published: December 2016

Aims and ObjectivesTo investigate the effects of a standardised care protocol as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery programme on the management of patients who underwent open colon surgery at the University Hospital, South Korea.BackgroundPatients who undergo open colon surgery often have concerns about their care as they prepare for hospitalisation. By shortening hospital stay lengths, enhanced recovery after surgery programmes could reduce the number of opportunities for patient education and communication with nurses. Therefore, our surgical team developed an enhanced recovery after surgery programme, applied using a care protocol for patients with colorectal cancer, that spans the entire recovery process.DesignA retrospective, comparative study was conducted using a care protocol as part of an enhanced recovery after surgery programme. Comparisons were made before and after the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery programme with a care protocol.MethodsRecords of 219 patients who underwent open colon surgery were retrospectively audited. The records were grouped according to the care protocol used (enhanced recovery after surgery programme with a care protocol or traditional care programme). The outcomes, including postoperative bowel function recovery, postoperative pain control, recovery time and postoperative complications, were compared between two categories.ResultsPatients who were managed using the programme with a care protocol had shorter hospital stays, fewer complications, such as postoperative ileus wound infections, and emergency room visits than those who were managed using the traditional care programme.ConclusionThe findings can be used to facilitate the implementation of an enhanced recovery after surgery programme with a care protocol following open colon surgery.Relevance to clinical practiceWe present a care protocol that enables effective management using consistent and standardised education providing bedside care for patients who undergo open colon surgery. This care protocol empowers long‐term patient self‐care capacity, which contributes to increasing the effectiveness of clinical nursing care.