bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: A Study of the Scope of the (4 + 2)Cycloaddition Reactions of Unactivated 1,3‐Oxazin‐6‐ones.
Authors: BOGER D. L. , WYSOCKI R. J. JUN. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractRegiospecific (4 + 2)cycloaddition reaction of 4‐methyl‐2‐propyl‐1,3‐oxazin‐6‐one (V), synthesized as shown in the reaction scheme, with the dienophiles (VI), (VIII), (X), and (XII) leads to the formation of the compounds (VII), (IX), (XI), and (XIII), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: 3‐(Aminoalkyl)‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐5H‐(1)benzopyrano(3,4‐c)pyridin‐5‐ones as Potential Anticholinergic Bronchodilators.
Authors: CONNOR D. T. , UNANGST P. C. , SCHWENDER C. F. , SORENSON R. J. , CARETHERS M. E. , PUCHALSKI C. , BROWN R. E. , FINKEL M. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe synthesis of the title compounds (V) is performed via Pechman condensation of phenols such as (I) with the oxopiperidinecarboxylate (II) followed by N‐alkylation of (III) with the β‐chloroamines (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: 2H‐(1)Benzopyrano(3,4‐b)pyridines: Synthesis and Activity at Central Monoamine Receptors.
Authors: HUTCHISON A. , WILLIAMS M. , DE JESUS R. , STONE G. A. , SYLVESTER L. , CLARKE F. H. , SILLS M. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTwo general methods for the synthesis of benzopyranopyridines such as (IV) or (XI) are described.
ChemInform Abstract: Long Acting Dihydropyridine Calcium Antagonists. Part 2. 2‐(2‐Aminoheterocycloethoxy)methyl Derivatives.
Authors: ARROWSMITH J. E. , CAMPBELL S. F. , CROSS P. E. , BURGES R. A. , GARDINER D. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStarting with the dihydropyridine (I), a series of heterocyclic substituted derivatives such as (V), (VII), or (IX) is prepared either by ring closure reaction of the (cyano)methylisothiourea (III) or by direct coupling of (I) with functionalized heterocycles such as (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Synthesis with Nitriles: A Novel Synthesis of Some Thiophene and Thieno(2,3‐d)pyrimidine Derivatives. Part 2.
Authors: ABDELRAZEK F. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCyclization of the cinnamonitriles (I) or (VIII) affords the thiophene derivatives (III) or (IX) and (X), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2‐Trimethylsilyl‐1,3‐bis‐trimethylsilylimino‐1,3‐dihydro‐isoindole and the Crystal Structure of Hexakis(trimethylsilyl)‐1,4‐benzdiamidine.
Authors: WELLER F. , SCHMOCK F. , DEHNICKE K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compound (IV) is obtained according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Organo‐Selenium Compounds. Part 6. Synthesis of 1,4‐Disubstituted Benzenes with Seleno(Thio)acetal Fragments.
Authors: NEDUGOV A. N. , PAVLOVA N. N. , LAPKIN I. I. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractStarting from the bromophenylseleno (Ia) and bromophenylthio (Ib) derivatives, which are converted to Grignard reagents, the title compounds (III), (VI), (VIII) and (X) are prepared.
ChemInform Abstract: Coordinative Capabilities of Substituted Propane‐1,3‐diamine: Zinc(II) Halide Adducts of 2,2‐Dimethylpropane‐1,3‐diamine.
Authors: MASCIOCCHI N. , MORET M. , SIRONI A. , BRUNI S. , CARIATI F. , POZZI A. , MANFREDINI T. , MENABUE L. , BENEDETTI A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe tetrahedral complexes (I) and the trigonal bipyramidal complexes (II) are obtained by treating Zn(II) halides with 2.5‐3 or 8‐10 equiv. diamine in methanolic or aqueous solution, respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Fluorescent Lanthanoid Complexes. New Complexes of Lanthanoids(III) with Coumarinic‐3‐carboxylic Acid.
Authors: BISI CASTELLANI C. , CARUGO O. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe complexes of the types (I), (II), and (III) are synthesized by reaction of coumarinic‐3‐carboxylic acid HL and the appropriate lanthanoid salt in various stoichiometric ratios in refluxing butanol.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of HFe4(CO)12CBH2. A Cluster‐Substituted Tricoordinate Monoborane.
Authors: MENG X. , RATH N. P. , FEHLNER T. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractDuring a search for better routes to metal‐rich metallaboranes the shown reaction yielded the title compound (III), a butterfly carbido cluster substituted monoborane in which the cluster substituent satisfies the empty orbital of the borane.
ChemInform Abstract: Template Synthesis and Molecular Structure of the Nickel(II) Perchlorate‐Chloride Complex with Tris(((aminoisopropyl)amino)methyl)amine.
Authors: ARKOWSKA A. , GRAZYNSKA E. , KUBIAK R. , PAULUS H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractMagnetic measurements, IR and electronic spectra suggest the title complex (V) (yield not given) to have a semisepulchrate‐type structure (statistical distribution of the methyl groups; just one isomer given in the scheme).
ChemInform Abstract: Chlorogold(I) and Gold(III) Complexes of 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐arylazouracil Derivatives: IR Spectroscopy, Growth Inhibition of HeLa Cells and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of 6‐Amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐phenylazoniumuracil Dichloroaurate(I) Sesquihydrate.
Authors: KIVEKAES R. + , COLACIO E. , RUIZ J. , LOPEZ‐GONZALEZ J. D. , LEON P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractReduction of Na(AuCl4) in H2O by Na2SO3 and subsequent reaction with 6‐amino‐1,3‐dimethyl‐5‐phenylazouracil results in the formation of the ionic Au(I) product (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Novel Polycyclic Nucleoside Analogues, Incorporation into Oligodeoxynucleotides, and Interaction with Complementary Sequences.
Authors: BISCHOFBERGER N. , MATTEUCCI M. D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTps‐substituted pyrimidine nucleosides such as (I) react with aromatic diamines such as (II) to give the fused ring systems (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Hydrogen Spillover on Silica. Part 3. Detection of Spillover by Proton NMR.
Authors: LENZ D. H. , CONNER WM. C. JUN. , FRAISSARD J. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractUsing a novel in situ NMR experimental setup preliminary 1H NMR studies are performed to gain insight into the nature of the spiltover species and of the active sites for spillover onto silica.
ChemInform Abstract: The Reduction Behavior of Silica‐Supported and Alumina‐Supported Iron Catalysts: A Moessbauer and IR Spectroscopic Study.
Authors: WIELERS A. F. H. , KOCK A. J. H. M. , HOP C. E. C. A. , GEUS J. W. , VAN DER KRAAN A. M. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAddition of an acidified Fe(NO3)3 solution at constant pH (pH 6) to a suspension of the support results in the deposition of highly dispersed α‐FeOOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Ozonolysis of Tetrasubstituted Ethylenes, Cycloolefins, and Conjugated Dienes on Polyethylene.
Authors: GRIESBAUM K. , VOLPP W. , GREINERT R. , GREUNIG H.‐J. , SCHMID J. , HENKE H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOzonolysis of the tetrasubstituted ethylenes (I), the cycloolefines (III), and of norbornene (V), performed on polyethylene as a carrier, yields the ozonides (II), (IV), and (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Enzymatic Hydration, Amine Addition, and Oxidation Reactions of Azaarene Oxides.
Authors: BOYD D. R. , DAVIES R. J. H. , DUNLOP R. , PORTER H. P. , HAMILTON L. , MCCULLOUGH J. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHydration, aminolysis, or oxidation of the quinoline‐derived oxiranes (I) gives the trans‐diols (II), the trans‐hydroxy amines (IV), or the trans‐dioxiranes (V).
ChemInform Abstract: 6‐(Substituted Phenyl)‐5‐methyl‐4,5‐dihydropyridazin‐3(2H)‐ones of Medicinal Interest. The Synthesis of SK&F 94836 und SK&F 95654.
Authors: BURPITT B. E. , CRAWFORD L. P. , DAVIES B. J. , MISTRY J. , MITCHELL M. B. , PANCHOLI K. D. , COATES W. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe dihydropyridazinones (XII) and (XVIII) mentioned in the title are prepared as shown in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Decarbonylation of Some Pyrimidine‐5‐carboxaldehydes.
Authors: DELIA T. J. , POLENZ B. , MARTIN M. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe decarbonylation of the pyrimidine‐5‐carboxaldehydes (I) is achieved in acidic methanol (II) to give the pyrimidines (III) and methyl formate (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Amino‐6,7‐dihydrothieno(3′,2′:5,6)pyrido(2,3‐d)pyrimidin‐4‐one.
Authors: TAYLOR E. C. , PONT J. L. , WARNER J. C. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe key steps in the synthesis of the title compound (IX) are the thermolytic ring closure of the butynylthiotriazinone (III), yielding the thienopyridine (IV) as the major product, and the cyclocondensation of the chloride (VII), derived from (IV), with guanidine hydrochloride (VIII).
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Condensed Titanoxanes: Synthesis of closo‐(Cp*Ti)4O6 and Its Transformation to bicyclo‐(Cp*Ti)4O5Cl2 with TiCl4 as an Oxide Acceptor Reagent.
Authors: BABCOCK L. M. , KLEMPERER W. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractHydrolysis of (I) under basic conditions yields a titanoxane cage compound (III), having an adamantane‐like, tetrahedral Ti4O6 core structure.
ChemInform Abstract: Novel Stereospecific Silyl Group Transfer Reactions: Practical Routes to the Prostaglandins.
Authors: DANISHEFSKY S. J. , PAZ CABAL M. , CHOW K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIn the present paper, a new strategy for the construction of the prostaglandin skeleton is developed, in which the C‐8‐C‐7 bond is fashioned from a nucleophilic version of C‐7 via group transfer reaction of the (S)‐enone (I) with the silylketeneacetal derivative (II).
Dynamic egg color mimicry
Authors: Hanley Daniel , Šulc Michal , Brennan Patricia L. R. , Hauber Mark E. , Grim Tomáš , Honza Marcel 
Published: May 2016

AbstractEvolutionary hypotheses regarding the function of eggshell phenotypes, from solar protection through mimicry, have implicitly assumed that eggshell appearance remains static throughout the laying and incubation periods. However, recent research demonstrates that egg coloration changes over relatively short, biologically relevant timescales. Here, we provide the first evidence that such changes impact brood parasite–host eggshell color mimicry during the incubation stage. First, we use long‐term data to establish how rapidly theAcrocephalus arundinaceusLinnaeus (great reed warbler) responded to natural parasitic eggs laid by theCuculus canorusLinnaeus (common cuckoo). Most hosts rejected parasitic eggs just prior to clutch completion, but the host response period extended well into incubation (~10 days after clutch completion). Using reflectance spectrometry and visual modeling, we demonstrate that eggshell coloration in the great reed warbler and its brood parasite, the common cuckoo, changes rapidly, and the extent of eggshell color mimicry shifts dynamically over the host response period. Specifically, 4 days after being laid, the host should notice achromatic color changes to both cuckoo and warbler eggs, while chromatic color changes would be noticeable after 8 days. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the perceived match between host and cuckoo eggshell color worsened over the incubation period. These findings have important implications for parasite–host coevolution dynamics, because host egg discrimination may be aided by disparate temporal color changes in host and parasite eggs.
Comment on ET&C perspectives, November 2015—A holistic view
Authors: Fox David R. , Landis Wayne G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract

In response to a recent collection of perspectives published in Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, the authors argue that there is little value in revisiting and rehashing the well-documented issues around toxicity metrics, competing statistical paradigms, legitimacy of theoretical constructs for species sensitivity distributions, and a number of other unresolved (and perhaps unresolvable) attendant statistical issues that have occupied journal space for more than 30 yr. This is not to say that these matters are unimportant—they are; however, the discussion on these topics is mature, with very few new insights being offered. To move forward on some of these seemingly intractable issues, the authors suggest the ecotoxicological community would be better served by the formation of a subdiscipline of “statistical ecotoxicology,” where professional statisticians and ecotoxicologists work in unison. As it currently stands, statistical developments in ecotoxicology are not necessarily undertaken or peer-reviewed by professional statisticians, a situation that has no doubt contributed to the lack of real progress on important recommendations such as the phasing out of no-observed-effect concentrations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:1337–1339. © 2016 SETAC
Coupling the WRF model with a temperature index model based on remote sensing for snowmelt simulations in a river basin in the Altay Mountains, north‐west China
Authors: Wu Xuejiao , Shen Yongping , Wang Ninglian , Pan Xiaoduo , Zhang Wei , He Jianqiao , Wang Guoya 
Published: May 2016

AbstractSnowmelt water is an important freshwater resource in the Altay Mountains in north‐west China; however, warming climate and rapid spring snowmelt can cause floods that endanger both public and personal property and safety. This study simulates snowmelt in the Kayiertesi River catchment using a temperature index model based on remote sensing coupled with high‐resolution meteorological data obtained from National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis fields that were downscaled using the Weather Research Forecasting model and then bias corrected using a statistical downscaled model. Validation of the forcing data revealed that the high‐resolution meteorological fields derived from the downscaled NCEP reanalysis were reliable for driving the snowmelt model. Parameters of the temperature index model based on remote sensing were calibrated for spring 2014, and model performance was validated using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer snow cover and snow observations from spring 2012. The results show that the temperature index model based on remote sensing performed well, with a simulation mean relative error of 6.7% and a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency of 0.98 in spring 2012 in the river of Altay Mountains. Based on the reliable distributed snow water equivalent simulation, daily snowmelt run‐off was calculated for spring 2012 in the basin. In the study catchment, spring snowmelt run‐off accounts for 72% of spring run‐off and 21% of annual run‐off. Snowmelt is the main source of run‐off for the catchment and should be managed and utilized effectively. The results provide a basis for snowmelt run‐off predictions, so as to prevent snowmelt‐induced floods, and also provide a generalizable approach that can be applied to other remote locations where high‐density, long‐term observational data are lacking. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
MicroRNA Control of p53
Authors: Liu Juan , Zhang Cen , Zhao Yuhan , Feng Zhaohui 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTTumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in tumor suppression. As a transcription factor, p53 mainly exerts its tumor suppressive function through transcriptional regulation of many target genes. To maintain the proper function of p53, p53 protein level and activity are exquisitely controlled by a group of positive and negative regulators in cells. Thus, p53, its regulators, and regulated genes form a complicated p53 signaling network. microRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of endogenous small non‐coding RNA molecules. miRNAs play an important role in regulation of gene expression by blocking translational protein synthesis and/or degrading target mRNAs. Recent studies have demonstrated that p53 and its network are regulated by miRNAs at multiple levels. Some miRNAs regulate the level and function of p53 through directly targeting p53, whereas some other miRNAs target regulators of p53, such as MDM2 and MDM4, to indirectly regulate the activity and function of p53. On the other hand, p53 also regulates the transcriptional expression and the biogenesis of a group of miRNAs, which contributes to the tumor suppressive function of p53. p53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer. Many tumor‐associated mutant p53, which have “gain‐of‐function” activities in tumorigenesis independently of wild type p53, can regulate the expression of different miRNAs and modulate the biogenesis of specific miRNAs to promote tumorigenesis. These findings have demonstrated that miRNAs are important regulators and mediators of p53 and its signaling pathway, which highlights a pivotal role of miRNAs in the p53 network and cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 7–14, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synaptic proteins predict cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementia
Authors: Bereczki Erika , Francis Paul T. , Howlett David , Pereira Joana B. , Höglund Kina , Bogstedt Anna , Cedazo‐Minguez Angel , Baek Jean‐Ha , Hortobágyi Tibor , Attems Johannes , Ballard Clive , Aarsland Dag 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntroductionOur objective was to compare the levels of three synaptic proteins involved in different steps of the synaptic transmission: Rab3A, SNAP25, and neurogranin, in three common forms of dementia: Alzheimer's disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and Parkinson's disease dementia.MethodsA total of 129 postmortem human brain samples were analyzed in brain regional specific manner exploring their associations with morphologic changes and cognitive decline.ResultsWe have observed robust changes reflecting synaptic dysfunction in all studied dementia groups. There were significant associations between the rate of cognitive decline and decreased levels of Rab3 in DLB in the inferior parietal lobe and SNAP25 in AD in the prefrontal cortex. Of particular note, synaptic proteins significantly discriminated between dementia cases and controls with over 90% sensitivity and specificity.DiscussionOur findings suggest that the proposition that synaptic markers can predict cognitive decline in AD, should be extended to Lewy body diseases.
Impacts on the Propagation of SH-Waves in a Heterogeneous Viscoelastic Layer Sandwiched between an Anisotropic Porous Layer and an Initially Stressed Isotropic Half Space
Authors: Kundu S. , Alam P. , Gupta S. , Pandit D. Kr. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe present study deals with the affected behaviour of SH-wave propagation through a viscoelastic layer sandwiched between an anisotropic porous layer of finite thickness and an isotropic half space. The sandwiched viscoelastic layer is considered as heterogeneous medium of finite thickness and isotropic half-space is considered as initially stressed medium. The method of separation of variables has been applied to obtain the dispersion equation of SH-wave in their respective media. The obtained complex dispersion relation has been separated into real and imaginary parts. Moreover, the dispersion relation has been satisfied with the classical condition of Love waves. The effects of heterogeneity, attenuation constant, dissipation factor of viscoelasticity, initial stress (compressive), thickness ratio of two layers and porosity on the propagation of SH-waves have been shown by number of graphs. Graphs have been plotted for the dimensionless phase and damping velocity on the propagation of SH-waves with respect to the dimensionless real wave number. The results may be useful to explore the nature and peculiarity of SH-wave propagation in the viscoelastic structure.
Photo-induced halide redistribution in organic–inorganic perovskite films
Authors: deQuilettes Dane W. , Zhang Wei , Burlakov Victor M. , Graham Daniel J. , Leijtens Tomas , Osherov Anna , Bulović Vladimir , Snaith Henry J. , Ginger David S. , Stranks Samuel D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOrganic–inorganic perovskites such as CH3NH3PbI3 are promising materials for a variety of optoelectronic applications, with certified power conversion efficiencies in solar cells already exceeding 21%. Nevertheless, state-of-the-art films still contain performance-limiting non-radiative recombination sites and exhibit a range of complex dynamic phenomena under illumination that remain poorly understood. Here we use a unique combination of confocal photoluminescence (PL) microscopy and chemical imaging to correlate the local changes in photophysics with composition in CH3NH3PbI3 films under illumination. We demonstrate that the photo-induced ‘brightening’ of the perovskite PL can be attributed to an order-of-magnitude reduction in trap state density. By imaging the same regions with time-of-flight secondary-ion-mass spectrometry, we correlate this photobrightening with a net migration of iodine. Our work provides visual evidence for photo-induced halide migration in triiodide perovskites and reveals the complex interplay between charge carrier populations, electronic traps and mobile halides that collectively impact optoelectronic performance.
Diversity of burial rates in convergent settings decreased as Earth aged
Authors: Nicoli Gautier , Moyen Jean-François , Stevens Gary 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe evolution and the growth of the continental crust is inextricably linked to the evolution of Earth’s geodynamic processes. The detrital zircon record within the continental crust, as well as the isotopic composition of this crust, indicates that the amount of juvenile felsic material decreased with time and that in geologically recent times, the generation of new crust is balanced by recycling of the crust back into the mantle within subduction zones. However it cannot always have been so; yet the nature of the crust and the processes of crustal reworking in the Precambrian Earth are not well constrained. Here we use both detrital zircon ages and metamorphic pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) information from metasedimentary units deposited in proposed convergent settings from Archaean, Proterozoic and Phanerozoic terrains to characterize the evolution of minimum estimates of burial rate (km.Ma−1) as a function of the age of the rocks. The demonstrated decrease in burial rate correlates positively with a progressive decrease in the production of juvenile felsic crust in the Archaean and Proterozoic. Burial rates are also more diverse in the Archaean than in modern times. We interpret these features to reflect a progressive decrease in the diversity of tectonic processes from Archaean to present, coupled with the emergence of the uniquely Phanerozoic modern-style collision.
The analysis of the influence of fractal structure of stimuli on fractal dynamics in fixational eye movements and EEG signal
Authors: Namazi Hamidreza , Kulish Vladimir V. , Akrami Amin 
Published: May 2016

AbstractOne of the major challenges in vision research is to analyze the effect of visual stimuli on human vision. However, no relationship has been yet discovered between the structure of the visual stimulus and the structure of fixational eye movements. This study reveals the plasticity of human fixational eye movements in relation to the ‘complex’ visual stimulus. We demonstrated that the fractal temporal structure of visual dynamics shifts towards the fractal dynamics of the visual stimulus (image). The results showed that images with higher complexity (higher fractality) cause fixational eye movements with lower fractality. Considering the brain, as the main part of nervous system that is engaged in eye movements, we analyzed the governed Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal during fixation. We have found out that there is a coupling between fractality of image, EEG and fixational eye movements. The capability observed in this research can be further investigated and applied for treatment of different vision disorders.