bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Post-traumatic headache: neuropsychological and clinical aspects
Authors: Fioravanti M. , Ramelli L. , Napoleoni A. , Lazzari R. , Ruggieri S. , Cerbo R. , Formisano R. , Grillo G. , Feliciani M. , Agnoli A. , Spissu A. , De Luca P. , Merli S. 
Published: July 2017

Seventy patients suffering from post-traumatic headache were studied. Pain characteristics, personality and intellectual functions were assessed to be related to cranial trauma. No evident signs of brain damage were present, but an impairment related to pain in personal adjustment and well-being reducing work and study capabilities was identified. A psychopathological condition described as anxiety with somatizations and conversion mechanisms was found and when compared with the psychopathological characteristics from a group of common headache patients no differences were obtained between the two groups. DSM III diagnostic possibilities for post-traumatic headache patients were discussed. On a retenu un groupe de 70 patients souffrant de céphalées traumatiques. Les caractéristiques de la douleur, la personnalité, les fonctions intellectives, étaient liées à un événement traumatique. Aucune trouble cérébral se présentait chez les patients, mais il était évident une aggravation accompagnée d'une douleur dans la capacité d'adaptation des sujets et une réduction dans les performances intellectives et du travail. On a relévé une condition psycopatologique comme les réactions chroniques d'anxiété accompagnées de somatisation, conversion en personalité que, comparée avec les caractéristiques psycopatologiques d'un groupe de patients souffrant de céphalée primaire, n'a trouvé aucune différence significatives entre les 2 groupes. Les possibilités diagnostiques du DSM III pour les patients souffrant de céphalée post-traumatiques seront par la suite discutées. Sono stati indagati 70 pazienti sofferenti di cefalea post-traumatica. Le caratteristiche del dolore, la personalità, le funzioni intellettive erano indubbiamente correlate all'evento traumatico. Non erano presenti segni evidenti di danno cerebrale, ma era evidente un peggioramento correlato al sintomo dolore nella capacità di adattamento dei soggetti ed una riduzione nelle performance lavorative ed intelletive. Si è rilevata una condizione psicopatologica descritta come ansia corredata da episodi di somatizzazione e da meccanismi di conversione che, quando confrontata con le caratteristiche psicopatologiche di un gruppo di pazienti affetti da cefalea primaria, non ha evidenziato differenze significative fra i 2 gruppi. Le possibilità diagnostiche del DSM III per pazienti affetti da cefalea post-traumatica vengono qui discusse.
Migraine and Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Monteiro Pereira , Rosas M.J. , Correia C. , Vaz Arthur 
Published: July 2017

The authors studied the prevalence of headaches in patients with cerebral arteriovenous malformations followed in the Neurosurgical Department of the Hospital Santo Antonio, Porto, Portugal. The methods used were headache questionnaire and clinic interview. The IHS criteria and classification were used for the diagnostic classification of headaches. From all the patients studied the relative frequency of the different types of headaches was calculated and compared with the general population data. A correlative study of the headache characteristics with the type and localization of the arteriovenous malformation was performed and the results are presented and discussed. Some selected cases of migraine type headaches associated with AVM are presented and the effect of surgery is commented.
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Trauma Exposure, and the Current Health of Canadian Bus Drivers
Authors: Vedantham Kumar , Bru net Alain , Boyer Rich ard , Weiss Dan iel S , Metzler Thomas J , Marmar Charles R 
Published: July 2017

Objective: Pre vi ous stud ies of vet er ans have linked posttraumatic stress dis or der (PTSD) af ter com bat-related trauma to increased re ports of health prob lems. It is un clear whether this as so ci a tion be tween PTSD and in creased health prob lems gen er a lizes to ci vil ians who are ex posed to a broader ar ray of trau matic events. We also do not know whether trauma ex po sure i s as so ci ated with in creased health prob lems in in di vid u als who do not de velop PTSD. Using a non–treat ment-seeking ci vil ian sample, we ex am ined whether life time PTSD or trauma ex po sure by it self was as so ci ated with c ur rent health prob lems. Methods: Using a cross-sectional de sign and self-report mea sures, we eval u ated ur ban Ca na dian bus driv ers (n = 342) on trauma ex po sure, life time PTSD, and cur rent health prob lems. Based on their re sponses, we di vided o ur sam ple into in di vid u als who had never ex pe ri enced trauma (n = 91), trauma-exposed in di vid u als who had never de vel oped PTSD (n = 218), and per sons who devel oped PTSD at some point af ter trauma (n = 33). We com pared these groups on health prob lems, treat ment ser vice use, and health as sess ment mea sures. Results: The PTSD group re ported i n creased health c o m plaints, more fre quent use of health treat ments, and poorer health self-ratings com pared with the ex posed non-PTSD and nonexposed groups. Trauma-exposed driv ers wi th out PTSD did not dif fer from un ex posed driv ers on any health mea sure. Con trolling for sex and trauma fre quency did not al ter our find ings. Conclusions: Trauma ex po sure that leads to PTSD is as so ci ated with in creased health prob lems, while trauma ex po sure alone is not. Our re sults ex tend pre vi ous find ings to a broader ci vil ian con text and clar ify as soci a tions be tween trauma ex po sure and health.
Introduction à la psychiatrie génétique: Progrès vers la découverte des gènes de susceptibilité aux troubles psychiatriques
Authors: Roy Marc-André , Mérette Chantal , Maziade Michel 
Published: July 2017

Les progrès récents de la génétique humaine laissent entrevoir des retombées majeures pour la pra t ique clinique, y compris en psychiatrie. Le but de cet ar ti cle est de familiariser le lecteur avec les méthodes de re cher che utilisées en psychiatrie génétique et d'en illustrer l'application, afin de mieux comprendre les défis auxquels fait face la psychiatrie génétique ainsi que les stratégies utilisées pour les relever. Nous réviserons les preuves de la participation de facteurs génétiques à l'étiologie des troub les psychiatriques et nous examinerons la spécificité et non-spécificité de leur ex pres sion. Nous évoquerons les difficultés liées à la précision imparfaite des méthodes diagnostiques, à la pénétrance incomplète des trou bles psychiatriques, à leur hétérogénéité génétique, à la présence de phénocopies et finalement à l'incertitude quant au mode de trans mis sion des trou bles psychiatriques. Finalement, nous donnerons un aperçu des résultats les plus prometteurs et dégagerons les priorités pour les études à venir.
Cognitive Therapy for Schizophrenia: From Conceptualization to Intervention
Authors: Rector Neil A , Beck Aaron T 
Published: July 2017

Objectives: To out line the cog ni tive un der stand ing of symp toms of schizo phre nia, such as de lu sions, hal lu ci na tions, and emo tional with drawal, and to re view the cog ni tive ther apy ap proach to ame lio rat ing these symp toms. Method: We iden ti fied stud ies ex am in ing cog ni tive fac tors as so ci ated with symp toms of schizo phre nia by elec tronic search (us ing Med line and Psycinfo). This pa per in te grates e xperimental find ings and clini cal treat ment. Results: Re cent stud ies fo cus ing on the psy cho logi cal as pects of schizo phre nia dem onstrate the im por tance of com mon cog ni tive bi ases and dis tor tions that are func tion ally related to the main te nance of symp toms. Un der stand ing the dis or der in cog ni tive terms pro vides a frame work for psy cho thera peu tic in ter ven tion. Adapt ing cog ni tive strate gies suc cess fully used in cog ni tive ther apy of de pres sion and anxi ety pro vides an im por tant adjunct to stan dard treat ment of schizo phre nia. Conclusion: Given that the out come of cur rent treat ment for schizo phre nia re mains poor, at ten tion to thera pist train ing in psy cho logi cal ap proaches is es sen tial.
La traduction des questionnaires et des tests: Techniques et problèmes
Authors: Mas sou bre Cath er ine , Lang François , Jae ger Burkard , Jullien Mi chel , Pel let Jac ques 
Published: July 2017

Objectifs: Syn thèse des dif fi cultés de tra duc tion des tests, de scrip tion des méth odes de tra duc tion et des procédu res de vali da tion des tests. Ap pli ca tion à un ques tion naire de personnalité. Méthodologie: Le ques tion naire de per son nal ité de Freiburg (FPI-R) a été traduit et les tech niques de vali da tion d'un test lui ont été ap pli quées: rétro tra duc tion, pré test et révi sion par un comité d'ex perts soig neuse ment choisi. Résultats: Au moyen de la re vue de la docu men ta tion, les dif fi cultés de la tra duc tion du FPI-R sont explici tées, en par ticu lier les diffé rents types d'équiva lence langue source/langue ci ble (séman tique, tech nique, idio ma tique, liée à l'expé ri ence et con cep t uelle). Les procédu res sta tis tiques de vali da tion ne sont abordées que dans leurs prin ci pes. Conclusion: La méth ode cou rante al liant tra duc tion et rétro tra duc tion est in suffi sante et doit s'ac com pag ner au mini mum d'un pré test et d'une révi sion à chaque étape par un comité d'ex perts. La pré sence d'ex perts mono lingues sem ble in dis pen sa ble pour met tre à jour les moin dres détails de la langue ci ble, là où les bi lingues peu vent éch ouer.
Differences between Only Children and Children with 1 Sibling Referred to a Psychiatric Clinic: A Test of Richards and Goodman's Findings
Authors: Marleau Jacques D , Breton Jean-Jacques , Chiniara Gisèle , Saucier Jean-François 
Published: July 2017

Objective: To test Richards and Goodman's hypothesis that a higher proportion of only children under age 5 years assessed in a psychiatric department do not present a psychiatric diagnosis, compared with preschool children with 1 sibling, and to investigate other variables relative to children in this age group with no psychiatric disorder, in light of Richards and Goodman's findings. Method: We gathered data from 169 children under age 5 years seen in the psychiatric department of a large pediatric hospital in Montreal, Quebec. Results: First, bivariate analysis showed no differences between the proportion of only children and children with 1 sibling regarding absence of a psychiatric diagnosis. Second, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that child's age and mother's child-rearing attitudes were significant variables. Younger children (that is, age 0 to 2 years) and children whose mothers had “adequate” child-rearing attitudes (that is, not exhibiting significant impatience, rejection, stubbornness, neglect, or overprotectiveness) were more likely to have no disorder. Conclusion: These findings run counter to Richards and Goodman's results and suggest that other variables, such as child's age and mother's behaviour, are significant predictors of children under age 5 years having no diagnosis.
Teaching Child and Adolescent Psychiatry to Family Medicine Trainees: A Pilot Experience
Authors: Fisman Sandra , Sangster John , Steele Margaret M , Stewart Moira A , Rae-Grant Naomi 
Published: July 2017

Objectives: To develop learning objectives for teaching child psychiatry to family medicine trainees and to evaluate the best method of teaching these objectives. Method: For this descriptive study, knowledge, attitude, and skill objectives were presented to trainees at the start of a 6-month rotation, and an evaluation mechanism was developed based on the learning objectives. The method of instruction in each of the training locations was described independently by the child psychiatry consultant and attending family physician. The trainees' evaluations were presented according to training locations. Results: Family medicine trainees perceived the teaching-consultation method, with live interviews, to be the most helpful and the didactic lecture format to be least helpful. Conclusion: The importance of teaching family medicine residents to recognize mental health problems in children and adolescents, preferably by using live interviews, and the implications for postresidency practice are emphasized.
Self-Induced Water Intoxication Treated with Risperidone
Authors: Millson Richard C , Emes Craig E , Glackman William G 
Published: July 2017

Objective: To determine whether or not risperidone is efficacious in treating self-induced water intoxication in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Method: We carried out a prospective 11-month open-label study using risperidone to treat 8 men with chronic schizophrenia and self-induced water intoxication. Results: The 8 men were not able to reduce their fluid consumption compared with their baseline intake. Risperidone, however, significantly decreased the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores of this very chronic group. Conclusions: Although risperidone decreased schizophrenic symptoms, it did not have significant efficacy in treating self-induced water intoxication. This study may have implications for the treatment of addictive behaviour.
Issues of Choice in Second-Generation Antipsychotic Agents
Authors: Teehan Michael 
Published: July 2017

Objectives: To identify and describe the most significant issues in optimal clinical use of the second-generation antipsychotics. Methods: A case report of an elderly female with treatment-refractory psychosis, negative symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia is used to focus the discussion of the clinical decisions. The rationale for switching, the choice of an appropriate compound, and the practical issues of transition from her present treatment are addressed. Conclusions: The case illustrates a common clinical scenario, focusing on the practical clinical issues in changing treatments. It draws attention to the need to carefully monitor the switch from traditional to second-generation antipsychotics. This is particularly important in patients with severe symptoms, so as not to confuse withdrawal effects from present medications with apparent failure of the new treatments.
Bilateral Transaxillary Subfascial Breast Augmentation with Smooth Saline Implants: A Retrospective Analysis of Short-Term Complications
Authors: Pablo Rivera , Robert Dryden 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: To determine, by means of a retrospective study, the short-term complication rate of primary, transaxillary, subfascial breast augmentation using smooth, high-profile, saline implants. Comments and comparisons on observations will be made. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, private practice, medical chart review of primary, transaxillary breast augmentation surgeries with smooth, high-profile, saline implants done from 2004 to 2008 was performed. A list of short-term complications was compiled. We reviewed 273 charts, and complications were assessed at 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months. The patients' and surgeons' comments in the medical charts and full preoperative and postoperative photographic documentation were evaluated. Adverse events were noted. These included surgical wound infection, breast pocket infection, wound dehiscences, hematomas/seromas, clinically significant Baker grade III to IV capsular contractures (grade III to IV firm with visible/obvious spherical distortion), rippling, asymmetries, nipple/areola sensory losses or deficits, and reoperations. Results: The short-term complications for bilateral, transaxillary, subfascial breast augmentation with smooth saline implants in this private practice occurred in the following percentage of patients: breast asymmetry, 6.95%; reoperation, 4.76%; clinically significant Baker grade III to IV capsular contracture, 2.56%; wound dehiscence, 2.19%; rippling, 1.83%; hematoma/seroma, 1.83%; and wound infection, 1.09%. It should also be noted that bleeding from the incision site, galactorrhea, formation of a hypertrophic scar, breast ptosis, and a breast pocket infection rate occurred in less than 1% of the patients. Conclusions: Primary, transaxillary, subfascial breast augmentation with smooth saline implants is both safe and effective. It offers the advantage of fewer scarring problems, and it protects nipple/areola sensation. The patients in this study seemed to experience fewer complications from this procedure than patients in other studies, but more studies are needed.
The Use of Mesh Reinforcement during Abdominoplasty: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Tavassoli Javad , Haiavy Jacob 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Abdominoplasty is a well-established procedure that consistently ranks in the top 5 most common cosmetic surgical procedures performed in the United States per year. In cases of severe myoaponeurotic laxity some surgeons choose to supplement their procedure with the placement of mesh to reinforce their plication. Some surgeons place mesh on a more routine basis. There is limited data in the literature to substantiate the use of synthetic mesh. This is a case report and review of the literature for the use of mesh reinforcement during abdominoplasty. Materials and Methods: A case report is presented, detailing the infectious complications suffered by 1 patient subsequent to abdominoplasty with mesh reinforcement. A thorough review of the literature was performed. Literature was evaluated with respect to the number of patients, age range, type of mesh, method of fixation, follow-up interval, complications, and cosmetic results. Results: Four studies were found assessing the use of mesh reinforcement during abdominoplasty. Number of patients was limited, ranging from 18 to 52. Types of mesh included Polypropylene, Prolene, and Vicryl. No infection, dehiscence, or extrusion of mesh were reported. Authors report stable repair with follow-up ranging from 6 months to 54 months in cases involving severe myoaponeurotic laxity only. Conclusions: Following review of the literature, it is clear that the evidence to support routine placement of mesh during abdominoplasty is lacking. As demonstrated by the case report described, placement of mesh in any procedure puts the patient at risk for undue sequelae. Our recommendations are as follows: Do not use mesh reinforcement during routine abdominoplasty. In only the worst cases of myoaponeurotic laxity, consider placing mesh using an onlay technique or in a submuscular layer (if experienced with this procedure), recognizing the limitations of the current literature on this subject. In either case, the surgeon should be aware of the significant risks of complications involved with these procedures, including seroma, umbilical and flap necrosis, as well as infection. If mesh is placed at the time of surgery, make certain that the patient is aware of the fact. In cases of wound infection where mesh was placed, have a high suspicion for mesh infection and a low threshold for reoperation.
A Unique Method of Body Lifting after Massive Weight Loss
Authors: Stiller Geoffrey , Mangubat E. Antonio , Kouli Wael , Precht Lisa 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: The epidemic of obesity has provided a new cosmetic challenge in postbariatric body reconstruction. Traditionally, body lift procedures and circumferential liposuction have been used to address the excess skin and adiposity present after weight loss. After applying alveolar abdominoplasty principles to circumferential body lifts, we describe our experience of the first 24 lipo-circumferential body lift procedures performed as single-stage outpatient surgery. Materials and Methods: Between October 2007 and August 2009, 24 patients underwent a total body lift using our lipo-circumferential body lift technique. The operative technique is described. Intraoperative and postoperative complications are compared with published series. Results: All procedures were performed as a single-stage outpatient procedure. The last 20 patients did not receive postoperative drains. Seven patients underwent additional procedures performed in the same setting. No intraoperative or major postoperative complications occurred. Five patients (20.8%) had posterior wound dehiscence (<2 cm). Five patients (20.8%) had anterior wound dehiscence (<2 cm). Two patients (8.3%) had minor wound infection. Two patients (8.3%) had cellulitis. One patient (4.2%) had umbilical necrosis. An overall minor complication rate of 58% was reported. Conclusions: Our technique of lipo-circumferential body lift is a safe and effective procedure to address the body contouring after massive weight loss in a single stage, outpatient procedure.
Ablative Fractionated CO2 Laser Resurfacing for the Face and Neck
Authors: Reddy Usha P. , Woodward Julie A. 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: There has been little information reported on the use of fractionated CO2 laser resurfacing of the neck. We describe our initial experience with conservative treatment on the neck with concurrent treatment to the face. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of full-face and neck ablative fractionated CO2 laser resurfacing at our institution performed for the treatment of photodamage. Results: Eighteen consecutive patients were included with at least 3 months of follow-up. All neck settings were lower than the face settings. Eleven patients were treated with a 120μ spot size and 7 patients with a 300μ spot size. Average time of reepithelialization was 5 to 7 days for the full face and 7 to 14 days for the neck. Similarly for erythema resolution, patients reported an average of 4 weeks for improvement versus 6 weeks for the neck area. Two patients reported being dissatisfied with the procedure, and all others were happy with neck results. Complications included 1 case of herpes simplex virus reactivation with perioral lesions, 3 cases of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation of the face, and 1 case of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation with persistent erythema of the neck. Conclusions: Fractionated CO2 laser treatment to the neck involved delayed healing times despite the use of lower laser settings.
Management of Keloids by Marginal Excision and Corticosteroid Injections: A Case Report and Review of Current Literature
Authors: Kepros Christopher , Goksel Tamer 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Abnormal wound healing can result in the formation of keloids. Because of their significant growth potential, keloids may be associated with notable cosmetic deformities. Signs and symptoms such as pain, pruritis, and hyperpigmentation can be encountered. Materials and Methods: Multiple methods of treatment have been proposed with variable success rates. Simple surgical excision appears to improve outcome, but recurrence rates are unacceptably high when surgery is used alone. To combat this, many adjunctive therapies have been used in combination with surgery, including serial steroid injections. Results: The case of keloid formation presented here was successfully managed by a combination of subtotal surgical excision and adjunctive steroid injections. Conclusions: The treatment of keloid scarring is a surgical challenge because of its aggressive nature and high rates of recurrence after treatment. Marginal surgical excision with postoperative steroid injections can provide acceptable cosmetic results and can be completed in an office setting without the need of excessive patient compliance.