bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge, attitude, and practices: assessing community based health care interventions in urban setting
Authors: Hamdard Naqibullah , Haneef Mohammad Anwar 
Published: December 2016

Background: The urban community based Maternal, and Child Health-MCH interventions were implemented in district one of Kabul city from 2013 to 2016. The study intended to assess the changes in mothers’ knowledge, behaviors and practices toward proportions of birth spacing, Ante Natal Care-ANC visits, vaccinations and health care utilization to estimate interventions success.Methods: To measure the success of implemented interventions, the data were collected from the intervention and the control districts. The district two was selected as control as it had similar demographic characteristics to district one. Semi structured interviews were conducted with randomly selected 341 mothers in district one and 341 mothers from district two.Results: The proportions of mothers who ever wished to utilize a contraceptive method, practiced birth spacing, knowledge about the date that the baby was expected to arrive, preference to give birth in a health facility and completion of all ANC visits were significantly higher in intervention district. Additionally, the proportions of under five children who did not complete all scheduled routine vaccinations were lower in intervention district. It is likely, that implemented interventions have contributed to improve MCH knowledge, attitude and practices in intervention district.Conclusions: The result of study imply that interventions contributed to the increase in mothers’ knowledge and attitude about birth spacing. The interventions have also improved the level of knowledge about expected date of delivery and attitude to prefer giving birth in health facility. While, there is still room for improvement as almost half eligible children in intervention district did not complete all scheduled vaccinations.
Effect of socio-demographic characteristics on the morbidity prevalence among the urban poor in a metropolitan city of South India
Authors: Marimuthu Palaniappn , Babu Botha V. , Sekar Kasi , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Manikappa Sanjeevkumar 
Published: December 2016

Background: The health needs of the urban poor is a major herculean task to the health system personnel. Hence, it is attempted to understand the role of age, education and income on the morbidity prevalence among the poor migrants dwelling in the Bangalore slumsMethods: A cross-sectional two-stage cluster random sampling design was used for selecting the slum households from various clusters in Bangalore city.Results: Data were collected from 4005 households in the slums of Bangalore city which consists of 16737 individuals’ information with the average family size of 4.18. Illness were reported as 18.5% (n=1626) and 20.1% (n=1594) for males and females respectively and the difference between these proportions are statistically significant (P=0.008). Income and educational levels are significantly (P=0.000) associated on the morbidity prevalence. The infants’ morbidity rate is 17.1 and 38.1 for males and females respectively.Conclusions: The morbidity distribution follows a quadratic pattern. Income and education have effective role on morbidity prevalence; both the variables are inversely associated on morbidity prevalence. Morbidity prevalence on age is similar to mortality curve.
Prevalence of symptoms of reproductive tract infections among married reproductive age group women in selected rural areas of Hassan, Karnataka, India
Authors: C. Y. Sreelatha , M. Sumana , M. Sundar , Sreeranga Anjan , P. Pavithra 
Published: December 2016

Background: STI/RTIs have been recognized as major public and reproductive health challenges worldwide. In developing countries, RTI/STIs are the second or third most common public health problem of young people. A variety of factors that put women at risk of reproductive tract infection, such as socio- economic, demographic, sexual, medical, behavioral practices, personal hygiene behavior have not been adequately explored in India. An objective of the study was to estimate prevalence of STI/RTI among married reproductive age group women in selected CHCs/PHCs of Hassan District and to understand the influence of various factors on STI/RTI among women.Methods: A community based cross sectional study undertaken over a period of 3 months from May 2016 to July 2016, in rural areas of Hassan. Total of 400 married women in the age group 15-49 years were included in the study. Household survey was done in the selected clusters till 20 women per cluster were identified. Married women of reproductive age group of 15 to 49 years, residing in the study area for past 6 months were included in the study. Results: The prevalence of STI/RTI among married reproductive women was 32%. Prevalence of vaginal discharge decreased with an increase in age, level of education and income. RTI/STI was observed to be higher in scheduled castes and tribes (35.8% and 33.3%) respectively. Conclusions: Health education regarding the risk factors of unhygienic menstrual practices, non-institutional deliveries and illegal abortions must be imparted to the women in the study area in order to bring about a behavioral change to protect them from RTI/STI.
Analisis Kesulitan Mahasiswa dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Geometri Berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom dan Alternatif Pemecahannya
Authors: Yuwono Muhammad Ridlo 
Published: December 2016

[Bahasa]: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendiagnosis kesulitan mahasiswa dalam menyelesaikan soal geometri berdasarkan Taksonomi Bloom dan alternatif pemecahannya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode tes dan wawancara. Peneliti mengambil tiga subjek untuk diwawancarai. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat empat jenis kesulitan yaitu: 1). Pada tingkat pemahaman, mahasiswa kesulitan memahami konsep tinggi dan alas jajargenjang. Alternatif pemecahannya dengan menggunakan model penilaian Assessment for Learning (AfL); 2). Pada tingkat penerapan, mahasiswa kesulitan menerapkan konsep kesebangunan bangun datar untuk menyelesaikan soal. Alternatif pemecahannya dengan model penilaian Assessment for Learning (AfL); 3). Pada tingkat analisis, mahasiswa kesulitan membuktikan rumus luas daerah segitiga dengan menggunakan pendekatan luas daerah jajargenjang. Alternatif penyelesaiannya dengan pembelajaran Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL); 4). Pada tingkat evaluasi, mahasiswa kesulitan dalam memberikan penilaian terhadap suatu permasalahan disertai dengan alasan yang logis. Alternatif pemecahannya adalah dengan pembelajaran yang menggunakan model penilaian peer-assesment.
[English]: This study aims to diagnose undergraduate student’s difficulties in solving geometry problems based on Bloom's Taxonomy and find alternative solutions. This study is a descriptive study using qualitative approach. Data collection is conducted through test and interview. The subject of this study is 3 students. There are four difficulties found in this study, they are: 1). At the level of comprehension, the students are difficult to comprehend the concept of height and length of parallelogram. The alternative solution is to apply Assessment for Learning (AfL) model; 2). At the application level, the students have difficulty in applying the congruency concept of plane to solve the problem. The alternative solution is Assessment for Learning (AfL) model; 3). At the level of analysis, the students have difficulty in proving the formula of area of a triangle using parallelogram area. The alternative solution is to apply Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning (POGIL); 4.) At the evaluation level, the students have difficulty in providing assessment of a problem with a logical reason. The alternative solution is to use peer-assessment model of learning.
Own the Bone, a System-Based Intervention, Improves Osteoporosis Care After Fragility Fractures
Authors: Bunta Andrew D. , Edwards Beatrice J. , Macaulay William B. , Jeray Kyle J. , Tosi Laura L. , Jones Clifford B. , Sietsema Debra L. , Kaufman John D. , Murphy Sarah A. , Song Juhee , Goulet James A. , Friedlaender Gary E. , Swiontkowski Marc F. , Dirschl Douglas R. 
Published: December 2016

Background:
The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the American Orthopaedic Association’s Own the Bone secondary fracture prevention program in the United States.

Methods:
The objective of this quality improvement cohort study was dissemination of Own the Bone and implementation of secondary prevention (osteoporosis pharmacologic and bone mineral density [BMD] test recommendations). The main outcome measures were the number of sites implementing Own the Bone and implementation of secondary prevention, i.e., orders for BMD testing and/or pharmacologic treatment. The 177 sites participating in the program were academic and community hospitals, orthopaedic surgery groups, and a health system; data were obtained from the first 125 sites utilizing its registry, between January 1, 2010, and March 31, 2015. It included all patients, aged 50 years or older, presenting with fragility fractures (n = 23,132) who were enrolled in the Own the Bone web-based registry. The interventions were education, development of program elements, dissemination, implementation, and evaluation of the Own the Bone program at participating sites.

Results:
A growing number of institutions implemented Own the Bone (14 sites in 2005-2006 to 177 sites in 2015). After consultation, 53% of patients had a BMD test ordered and/or pharmacologic therapy for osteoporosis.

Conclusions:
The Own the Bone intervention has succeeded in improving the behaviors of medical professionals in the areas of osteoporosis treatment and counseling, BMD testing, initiation of pharmacotherapy, and coordination of care for patients who have experienced a fragility fracture.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Reoperation and Complications After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Wagner Eric R. , Kamath Atul F. , Fruth Kristin , Harmsen William S. , Berry Daniel J. 
Published: December 2016

Background:
High body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased rates of complications after total knee arthroplasty. To date, to our knowledge, studies have examined risk as a dichotomous variable using specific BMI thresholds. The purpose of this investigation was to quantify implant survival and the risk of common complications after total knee arthroplasty using BMI as a continuous variable.

Methods:
Using prospectively collected data from our institutional total joint registry, we analyzed 22,289 consecutive knees, in 16,136 patients, treated with primary total knee arthroplasty from 1985 to 2012. The mean BMI of these patients at the time of the surgical procedure was 31.3 kg/m2 (range, 11 to 69 kg/m2). The Kaplan-Meier survival method was used to estimate survivorship, reoperations, and common complications, with associations of outcomes assessed using a Cox regression model.

Results:
Utilizing smoothing spline parameterization, we found that reoperation (p < 0.001) and implant revision or removal rates (p < 0.001) increased with increasing BMI after total knee arthroplasty. Increasing BMI also was associated with increased rates of wound infection (hazard ratio [HR], 1.07; p < 0.001) and deep infection (HR, 1.08; p < 0.001) per unit of BMI over 35 kg/m2. A BMI of 35 to 40 kg/m2 was associated with a higher rate of implant revision for aseptic loosening (p < 0.001) and for polyethylene wear (p < 0.001) compared with a BMI of 18 to 24.99 kg/m2. There was no correlation between BMI and risk of venous thromboembolism, tibiofemoral instability, or need for knee manipulation.

Conclusions:
The rates of reoperation, implant revision or removal, and many common complications after total knee arthroplasty were strongly associated with BMI.

Level of Evidence:
Prognostic Level IV. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Quality of Life of Sardinian Immigrants in Buenos Aires and of People Living in Italy and Sardinia: Does the Kind of Care have a Role for People with Depression?
Authors: Carta Mauro Giovanni , D’Oca Silvia , Atzeni Michela , Perra Alessandra , Moro Maria Francesca , Sancassiani Federica , Mausel Gustavo , Nardi Antonio Egidio , Minerba Luigi , Brasesco Veronica 
Published: December 2016

Background / Objectives:
The aim of the study was to compare the Quality of Life (QoL) of Sardinian immigrants to Argentina with Sardinians residing in Sardinia. The hypothesis was that a different availability of effective treatments for mood disorders may impact the well being of persons with these disorders.

Methods:
One out of five families of Sardinian origin was randomly selected. An Italian study (including Sardinia) was adopted as the control. The Mood Disorder Questionnaire was used for screening mania/hypomania; the diagnosis of Current Major Depressive Disorder was conducted by means of the Patient Health Questionnaire in immigrants and by means of a clinical interview in the control study and in an immigrant subsample (to verify comparability); the Short-Form Health Survey-12 was applied to measure QoL.

Results:
The Sardinian immigrants showed a higher QoL than Italians in Italy (but not with Sardinians residing in Sardinia). On the contrary, the attributable burden worsening QoL due to lifetime manic/hypomanic episodes, as well as to current depressive episodes, was found higher among Sardinian immigrants with respect to both Sardinian residents in Sardinia and the total Italian sample. The use of effective treatment for mood disorder was higher in Italy.

Conclusion:
The study found that in a sample of Sardinian immigrants in Buenos Aires the impact of a mood disorder affects QoL more incisively than in Sardinians residing in Sardinia. The suggested hypothesis of a possible role of beliefs guiding the search for treatments will be verified in future studies.
Comprehensive Operative Note Templates for Primary and Revision Total Hip and Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Electricwala Ali J. , Amanatullah Derek F. , Narkbunnam Rapeepat I. , Huddleston James I. , Maloney William J. , Goodman Stuart B. 
Published: December 2016

Background:Adequate preoperative planning is the first and most crucial step in the successful completion of a revision total joint arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the availability, adequacy and accuracy of operative notes of primary surgeries in patients requiring subsequent revision and to construct comprehensive templates of minimum necessary information required in the operative notes to further simplify re-operations, if they should become necessary.Methods:The operative notes of 144 patients (80 revision THA’s and 64 revision TKA’s) who underwent revision total joint arthroplasty at Stanford Hospital and Clinics in the year 2013 were reviewed. We assessed the availability of operative notes and implant stickers prior to revision total joint arthroplasty. The availability of implant details within the operative notes was assessed against the available surgical stickers for adequacy and accuracy. Statistical comparisons were made using the Fischer-exact test and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:The primary operative note was available in 68 of 144 revisions (47%), 39 of 80 revision THAs (49%) and 29 of 66 revision TKAs (44%,p= 0.619). Primary implant stickers were available in 46 of 144 revisions (32%), 26 of 80 revision THAs (32%) and 20 of 66 revision TKAs (30%, p = 0.859). Utilizing the operative notes and implant stickers combined identified accurate primary implant details in only 40 of the 80 revision THAs (50%) and 34 of all 66 revision TKAs (52%,p= 0.870).Conclusion:Operative notes are often unavailable or fail to provide the necessary information required which makes planning and execution of revision hip and knee athroplasty difficult. This emphasizes the need for enhancing the quality of operative notes and records of patient information. Based on this information, we provide comprehensive operative note templates for primary and revision total hip and knee arthroplasty.
Karakteristik Edible Film Pati Sagu Alami dan Pati Sagu Fosfat dengan Penambahan Gliserol (Characteristics of Edible Film from Native and Phosphate Sago Starches with the Addition of Glycerol)
Authors: Polnaya Febby Jeanry , Ega La , Wattimena Devidson 
Published: December 2016

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of several glycerol concentrations in the making of edible film from native and phosphate sago starch on physical, mechanical and barrier properties of the film. A completely randomized experimental design was applied in this study consisting of two factors of treatments, i.e.: native and phosphate sago starch, and the second factor was glycerol concentration with three levels of treatments, i.e.: 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % (w/w). The films were characterized for tensile strength, elongation, solubility, transparency, and water vapor transmission rate. Edible films have produced characteristics for tensile strength from 3.05 to 31.49 MPa, elongation from 3.03 to 20.94 %, solubility from 33.44 to 42.43 %, transparency from 0.59 to 4.14 %, and water vapour transmission rate from 7.76 to 15.80 g/m2.h. Glycerol was found to affect the increase of elongation, solubility, and water vapour transmission rate, as well as the decrease of its tensile strength and transparancy. The films made from sago starch phosphate showed to increase the solubility and to have significant effect compared with native sago starch, but not affecting the other properties. ABSTRAKTujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan beberapa konsentrasi gliserol pada pembuatan edible film dari pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat terhadap sifat fisik, mekanik dan barrier film. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap yang terdiri dari dua faktor yaitu perlakuan jenis pati sagu dengan dua taraf perlakuan yaitu: pati sagu alami dan pati sagu fosfat dan tiga taraf konsentrasi gliserol yaitu: 0,5, 1,0 dan 1,5 % (b/b). Peubah yang diamati adalah tensile strength¸ elongasi, daya larut, transparansi, dan laju transmisi uap air. Karakteristik edible film yang dihasilkan meliputi tensile strength adalah 3,05 - 31,49 MPa, elongasi 3,03 - 20,94 %, daya larut 33,44 - 42,43 %, transparansi 0,59 - 4,14 %, dan laju transmisi uap air 7,76 - 15,80 g/m2.jam. Penambahan gliserol menyebabkan elongasi, daya larut, dan laju transmisi uap air meningkat, tetapi tensile strength dan transparansinya menurun. Perlakuan pati sagu fosfat hanya menyebabkan daya larut film meningkat, tetapi tidak untuk sifat-sifat film lainnya.Kata kunci: Edible film; gliserol; pati sagu alami; pati sagu fosfat
Related Factors and Predictors of Cognitive Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease on Maintenance Hemodialysis in Nigeria
Authors: Owolabi Lukman Femi , Abdu Aliyu , Ibrahim Aliyu , Owolabi Desola Shakirah , Nalado Aisha , Bappa Adamu , Taura Aminu Abdullahi 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Background: Previous studies suggest a high frequency of cognitive impairment (CI) in persons with chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, factors associated with CI and predictors of CI in persons with CKD remain largely unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with CI and predictors of CI in CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Materials and Methods: The first stage of the study included recruitment of 100 apparently healthy participants aimed at determining the reference values. The second stage of the study included eighty CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis. The iron psychology (FEPSY) was used to assess the memory, psychomotor speed, concentration, and attention using simple auditory reaction time (ART) and visual reaction time (VRT) tasks, recognition memory tests (RMT), finger tapping task (FTT), and binary choice task (BCT). Results: Using normative values generated in this study, 41 (51.3%) and 43 (53.8%) CKD patients had abnormal scores on ART dominant (D) and nondominant (ND) sides, respectively. Forty (50%) and 42 (52.5%) patients had abnormal scores on VRT D and ND sides, respectively. Twenty-one (26.3%) and 68 (85%) had abnormal scores on BCT and computer-assisted visual scanning task, respectively. Sixty-four (80%) and 65 (81.3%) had abnormal scores on RMT (words) and RMT, respectively. Fifty-two (65%) and 48 (60%) patients had abnormal scores on D and ND sides of (FTT), respectively. Factors associated with psychomotor speed impairment were duration of CKD from diagnosis (P = 0.0001 and 0.043 in D and ND ART, respectively), duration on dialysis (P = 0.0001 across board in D and ND ART as well as in D and ND VRT, respectively), and plasma urea (PU) and plasma creatinine (PCr) (P < 0.05). Factors found to be associated with memory impairment included age (P = 0.045 and 0.025 on words and figures RMT, respectively), PU (P = 0.002 and 0.005 on words and figures RMT, respectively), and PCr (P = 0.012 and 0.040 on words and figures RMT, respectively). Duration on dialysis (P = 0.032) and PCr (P = 0.001) were associated with attention and concentration. Only psychomotor speed was independently predicted by duration of CKD. Conclusion: Factors associated with psychomotor speed impairment were duration of CKD, duration on dialysis, and PU and PCr while age, PU, and PCr were associated with memory. Duration on dialysis and PCr were associated with attention and concentration. Only psychomotor speed was independently predicted by duration of CKD.
Long-term Benzodiazepine Treatment in Patients with Psychotic Disorders Attending a Mental Health Service in Rural Greece
Authors: Peritogiannis Vaios , Manthopoulou Thiresia , Mavreas Venetsanos 
Published: December 2016

ABSTRACT
Introduction: Long-term benzodiazepine (BZD) treatment in patients with mental disorders is widespread in clinical practice, and this is also the case of patients with schizophrenia, although the evidence is weak and BZD prescription is discouraged by guidelines and medical authorities. Data on BZD prescription are usually derived from national or regional databases whereas information on the use of BZD by patients with schizophrenia and related psychoses in general population-based samples is limited. Materials and Methods: Information for 77 patients with psychotic disorders who were regularly attending follow-up appointments with the multidisciplinary Mobile Mental Health Unit of the prefectures of Ioannina and Thesprotia, Northwest Greece, during 1-year period (2015) was obtained from our database. Results: From the total of 77 engaged patients, 30 (39%) were regularly prescribed BZDs in the long term, as part of their treatment regimen. Prescribed BZDs were mostly diazepam and lorazepam, in 43.3% of cases each. The mean daily dose of these compounds was 13 mg and 3.77 mg, respectively. Statistical analysis showed a correlation of long-term BZD use with the history of alcohol/substance abuse. Most patients were receiving BZD continuously for several years, and the mean dose was steady within this interval. Conclusions: A large proportion of patients with psychotic disorders were regularly prescribed BZD in long term. It appears that when BZDs are prescribed for some period in the course of a psychotic disorder, their use commonly exceeds the recommended interval and then becomes a regular part of the chronic treatment regimen. Future research should address the factors that may be related to the long-term BZD use by patients with psychotic disorders. Interventions for the reduction of regular BZD prescription should target the primary care setting and all those who treat first episode patients.