bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Esmolol to treat resistant electrical storm in a patient with decompensated heart failure
Authors: Hatoum Ibrahim 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Ventricular tachycardia storm is a syndrome defined by the presence of at least three episodes of ventricular tachycardia over a 24-h period, requiring termination by intervention. Standard therapy consists initially of using intravenous betablockers (if left ventricular ejection fraction is preserved) and Amiodarone, in addition to intravenous Lidocaine (in case of ischemic etiology) and light sedation. In the present case, a ventricular tachycardia storm episode is terminated by Esmolol, a particular intravenous betablocker, despite acute decompensated heart failure.

Case presentation
We report the case of an 89-year-old patient presenting for a ventricular tachycardia storm and acute heart failure with reduced left ventricle ejection fraction of coronary ischemic origin that persisted despite coronary revascularization, oral betablocker, intravenous Amiodarone and Lidocaine, light sedation, and multiple electrical cardioversion. Emergency catheter ablation was not feasible due to meteorological conditions. We decided to use an intravenous betablocker despite the presence of acute heart failure. We favored use of intravenous Esmolol over other intravenous betablockers due to its short half-life and thus his rapid elimination, a unique characteristic for Esmolol. Intravenous Esmolol has successfully terminated the ventricular tachycardia without causing cardiogenic shock.

Conclusions
Intravenous Esmolol can be used safely in patients with acute decompensated heart failure to terminate an electrical storm after failure of other measures. Close monitoring of the patient remains essential.
Correlation of psychosocial factors with pain, posture, function, and disability in chronic mechanical neck pain patients: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Khatri Maria , Panhale Vrushali , Walankar Prachita 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Chronic neck pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that has an impact on the function and quality of life of an individual. Psychosocial factors along with the physical factors may have an impact on the perception of pain. Hence, the study aimed to find the correlation of psychosocial factors with pain, posture, function, and disability in chronic mechanical neck pain patients.

Method
A cross-sectional study using a convenient sampling method was conducted in 55 chronic mechanical neck pain patients. The pain was assessed using numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), pain pressure threshold (PPT) using a pressure algometer, kinesiophobia using Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), pain catastrophizing using Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Posture analysis was done by various postural angle and flexicurve, cervical muscle endurance was tested using the craniocervical flexion test, cervical proprioception was measured using head repositioning accuracy test and Neck disability index was used to score disability.

Result
A significant positive correlation was found between TSK and NDI (r = 0.34, p = 0.01). There is a negative correlation of PTT (right sternocleidomastoid) with Kinesiophobia (r =  − 0.35, p = 0.008). There is a moderate positive correlation between posture (shoulder angle on the left side) and TSK (r = 0.3, p = 0.02).

Conclusion
The study concludes that psychosocial factors not only have a significant role but are correlated to pain, posture, function, and disability in patients with chronic mechanical neck pain.
Palbociclib in Patients With Head and Neck Cancer and Other Tumors With
CDKN2A
Alterations: Results From the Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry Study
Authors: Worden Francis P. , Pisick Evan , Rothe Michael , Mangat Pam K. , Garrett-Mayer Elizabeth , Khalil Maged F. , Carrizosa Daniel R. , Bauman Jessica R. , Leidner Rom S. , Duvivier Herbert L. , Fu Siqing , Park Min S. , Yost Kathleen J. , Calfa Carmen J. , Marr Alissa S. , Balmanoukian Ani S. , Behl Deepti , Cannon Timothy L. , Nabell Lisle , Powell Steven Francis , Thota Ramya , Hinshaw Dominique C. , Gregory Abigail , Grantham Gina N. , Halabi Susan , Schilsky Richard L. 
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

Targeted Agent and Profiling Utilization Registry is a phase II basket trial evaluating the antitumor activity of commercially available targeted agents in patients with advanced cancer and targetable genomic alterations. Two cohorts of patients with cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A (
CDKN2A
)–mutated tumors treated with palbociclib are reported: one with head and neck cancer (HNC) with both squamous and nonsquamous cell histologies, and one with histology-pooled (HP) cancers.

METHODS
Eligible patients had measurable disease, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 0-2, adequate organ function, and no standard treatment options. The primary end point was disease control (DC), defined as objective response (OR) or stable disease (SD) of at least 16+ weeks duration. For the HNC cohort, Simon's two-stage design with a null DC rate of 15% versus 35% (power = 0.85; α = .10) was used. For the HP cohort, the null hypothesis of a DC rate of 15% was rejected if the lower limit of a one-sided 90% CI was >15%. Secondary end points included OR, safety, progression-free survival, overall survival, duration of response, and duration of SD

RESULTS

Seventy patients with HNC (N = 28) or HP cancers (N = 42) were treated with palbociclib. For the HNC cohort, DC and OR rates were 40% (one-sided 90% CI, 27 to 100) and 4% (95% CI, <1 to 18), respectively. The null hypothesis was rejected (
P
= .002). For the HP cohort, DC and OR rates were 13% (one-sided 90% CI, 6 to 100) and 5% (95% CI, <1 to 17), respectively. The null hypothesis was not rejected. Thirty-one of 70 patients experienced treatment-related grade 3 to 4 adverse events (AEs) or serious AEs, the most common including neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and leukopenia.

CONCLUSION

Palbociclib met prespecified criteria to declare a signal of activity in patients with HNC with
CDKN2A
alterations, but not in the HP cohort.
Quantization rule for transition suppression in dynamic two-level system
Authors: Granot Er'El 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The transmission probability in a generic two-quasi-state system is addressed. An approximate expression for the transmission probability between the two quasi-states is derived for the case where the energy gap between the two states varies. Unlike the Landau-Zener formula, the temporal change can have a generic form and can vanish several times. In particular, when the energy gap vanishes twice, an analytical quantization rule for the suppression of transmission between two quasi-states is derived.
Discrimination and Precision of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Staging Children With Presymptomatic Type 1 Diabetes
Authors: Huber Elisabeth , Singh Tarini , Bunk Melanie , Hebel Mayscha , Kick Kerstin , Weiß Andreas , Kohls Mirjam , Köger Melanie , Hergl Maja , Zapardiel Gonzalo Jose Maria , Bonifacio Ezio , Ziegler Anette-G 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Staging and monitoring of presymptomatic type 1 diabetes includes the assessment for dysglycemia.

Objective
To assess the ability of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to differentiate between islet autoantibody-negative controls and early-stage type 1 diabetes and explore whether CGM classifiers predict progression to clinical diabetes.

Research Design and Methods
Children and adolescents participating in public health screening for islet autoantibodies in Bavaria, Germany, were invited to undergo CGM with Dexcom G6. In total, 118 participated and valid data was obtained from 97 [57 female; median age 10 (range 3-17) years], including 46 with stage 1, 18 with stage 2, and 33 with no islet autoantibodies.

Results
Mean glucose during CGM in islet autoantibody-negative controls was high (median, 115.3 mg/dL) and varied substantially (interquartile range, 106.8-124.4). Eleven (33%) of the controls had more than 10% of glucose values above 140 mg/dL (TA140). Using thresholds corresponding to 100% specificity in controls, differences between controls and stage 1 and stage 2 were obtained for glucose SD, TA140, TA160, and TA180. Elevations in any 2 of these parameters identified 12 (67%) with stage 2 and 9 (82%) of 11 participants who developed clinical diabetes within 1 year. However, there was marked variation within groups for all parameters and poor consistency observed in a second CGM performed in 18 participants.

Conclusion
This study demonstrated the potential of integrating CGM into staging and monitoring of early-stage type 1 diabetes. However, substantial improvement in the precision of CGM is required for its application in routine monitoring practices.
Heterogeneous Origins of Calcium Homeostasis Disorders Arising From 5 Heterozygous Calcium-Sensing Receptor Variants
Authors: Du Wei , Boisen Ida Marie , Rahman Sabrina N , Poulsen Nadia Nicholine , Mathiesen Jesper M , Blomberg Jensen Martin , Bräuner-Osborne Hans , Jensen Anders A 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
The human calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) plays a key role in calcium homeostasis, and most identified CASR variants are associated with hypercalcemic and hypocalcemic disorders.

Objective
Here we characterized the pharmacological implications of 5 heterozygous CASR variants from individuals with familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia 1 (FHH1: Y63C, I81T, Q459R, W818stop) or autosomal dominant hypocalcemia 1 (ADH1: R955stop).

Methods
Total and cell surface expression levels of wild-type (WT) and variant CaSRs expressed in human embryonic kidney 293T (HEK293T) cells were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the pharmacological properties of the receptors were delineated in 2 functional assays.

Results
The Y63C and I81T variations in the extracellular domain (ECD) of CaSR yielded markedly reduced cell surface expression and Ca2+ responsiveness, while Q459R displayed WT-like expression and functional properties. Truncation of the 7-transmembrane domain (7TMD) in W818stop eliminated cell surface expression, whereas R955stop in the intracellular carboxy-terminal yielded modestly increased surface expression and Ca2+ potency compared with WT CaSR. Interestingly, the effectiveness of positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) at the variants varied. Ca2+-mediated signaling through Y63C and I81T was significantly augmented by 7TMD-binding PAMs (NPS R-568 and evocalcet) but not by ECD-binding PAMs (etelcalcetide and Nb4), whereas signaling through Q459R and R955stop were robustly potentiated by all four PAMs.

Conclusion
While the molecular phenotypes exhibited by the 5 CaSR variants concord with the clinical phenotypes in individuals harboring them, CASR variant–induced calcium homeostasis disorders clearly arise from diverse molecular origins, and the effectiveness of calcimimetics in these disorders could differ depending on the specific variants.
Developing a Wearable Sensor-Based Digital Biomarker of Opioid Dependence
Authors: Carreiro Stephanie , Ramanand Pravitha , Akram Washim , Stapp Joshua , Chapman Brittany , Smelson David , Indic Premananda 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND:
Repeated opioid exposure leads to a variety of physiologic adaptations that develop at different rates and may foreshadow risk of opioid-use disorder (OUD), including dependence and withdrawal. Digital pharmacovigilance strategies that use noninvasive sensors to identify physiologic adaptations to opioid use represent a novel strategy to facilitate safer opioid prescribing. This study aims to identify wearable sensor-derived features associated with opioid dependence by comparing opioid-naïve individuals to chronic opioid users with acute pain and developing a machine-learning model to distinguish between the 2 groups.

METHODS:
Using a longitudinal observational study design, continuous physiologic data were collected on participants with acute pain receiving opioid analgesia. Monitoring continued throughout hospitalization and for up to 7 days posthospital discharge. Opioid administration data were obtained from electronic health record (EHR) and participant self-report. Participants were classified as belonging to 1 of 3 categories based on opioid use history: naïve, occasional, or chronic use. Thirty features were derived from sensor data, and an additional 9 features were derived from participant demographic and treatment characteristics. Physiologic feature behavior immediately postopioid use was compared among naïve and chronic participants, and subsequently features were used to generate machine learning models which were validated using cross-validation and holdout data.

RESULTS:
Forty-one participants with a combined total of 169 opioid administrations were ultimately included in the final analysis. Four interpretable decision tree-based machine learning models with 14 sensor-based and 5 clinical features were developed to predict class membership on the level of a given observation (dose) and on the participant level. Ranges for model metrics on the participant level were as follows: accuracy 70% to 90%, sensitivity 67% to 100%, and specificity 67% to 100%.

CONCLUSIONS:
Wearable sensor-derived digital biomarkers can be used to predict opioid use status (naïve versus chronic) and the differentiating features may be detecting opioid dependence. Future work should be aimed at further delineating the phenomenon identified in these models (including opioid dependence and/or withdrawal) and at identifying transition states where an individual changes from 1 profile to another with repetitive opioid exposure.
Incidence, Management, and Outcomes of Pediatric Infectious Aneurysms
Authors: Giraudo Francesca , El Baba Bachar , Alawieh Ali M. , Saad Hassan , Barrow Daniel L. , Grossberg Jonathan A. , Sawvel Michael S. , Chern Joshua J. , Brahma Barunashish , Howard Brian M. , Reisner Andrew 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:
Infectious intracranial aneurysms (IIAs) are rare cerebrovascular complications of infective endocarditis (IE) accounting approximatively for 0.5% to 6.5% of all aneurysms. In children, mycotic aneurysms secondary to IE are uncommon.

METHODS:
This is a retrospective study of patients treated for pediatric IIA secondary to IE at our institution with an emphasis on presentation, etiologies, nuances in management, and outcomes.

RESULTS:
One hundred fifty-one patients were treated for IE secondary to congenital or acquired heart disease, of which 13 patients (8.6%) presented with intracranial hemorrhage. IIA occurred in 5 patients (2.6%) with IE. IIA accounted for 15% of intracranial aneurysms treated during the study period.

CONCLUSION:
Pediatric patients with ruptured IIAs have a high rate of rerupture, and early surgical intervention should be considered through an open or endovascular route when available.
Przestępczość narkotykowa nieletnich w województwie wielkopolskim. Kontekst miejsko-wiejski
Authors: Kulczyńska Katarzyna , Bogacka Emilia 
Published: October 2024

Celem artykułu jest analiza miejsko-wiejskiego kontekstu przestępczości narkotykowej nieletnich w województwie wielkopolskim w układzie powiatów w latach 2017–2021. Badania prowadzono w odniesieniu do trzech podstawowych zagadnień: (a) zbadania relacji pomiędzy natężeniem przestępczości narkotykowej na obszarach miejskim i wiejskim w danej jednostce przestrzennej z wykorzystaniem wskaźnika kontrastu, który jest ilorazem wskaźnika natężenia przestępstw narkotykowych nieletnich w miastach i na obszarach wiejskich, (b) ustalenia sekwencji typów przestępczości narkotykowej w oparciu o wskaźnik natężenia przestępczości, będący liczbą przestępstw narkotykowych popełnionych przez nieletnich w przeliczeniu na 10 tys. nieletnich, oraz (c) prześledzenia zmian w czasie poziomu przestępczości narkotykowej nieletnich w miastach, uwzględniając podział miast na trzy kategorie wielkościowe: duże, średnie i małe. Badania wykazały, że wzrosła liczba przestępstw narkotykowych popełnionych przez nieletnich. Czyny te najczęściej popełniane są w największych miastach regionu, jak również w powiatach sąsiadujących z dużym miastem bądź posiadających na swym obszarze duże lub średniej wielkości miasto. Wzrasta przestępczość narkotykowa nieletnich na obszarach wiejskich, czego odzwierciedleniem jest malejący wskaźnik kontrastu. Spośród 35 powiatów szczególnie wysoka przestępczość występuje w zlokalizowanych w północnej części województwa powiatach: chodzieskim i pilskim, a zjawisko wykazuje oznaki do skupiania się w miastach.
Effect of Pupil Beam in the Focal Region of High Numerical Aperture Objective Lens
Authors: C. Amala Prathiba Janet  , P. Suresh  , T. V. S. Pillai  
Published: October 2024

In this article, based on vector diffraction theory the focusing properties of double ring shaped higher order Laguerre - Gauss beam with radial varying polarization are investigated numerically. The numerical simulations show that the evolution of some interesting focal spot, focal split and focal patterns in the focal region by changing polarization rotation angle under tight focusing through the high NA lens. It is also shown that a subwavelength focal hole with a quite long depth of focus, multiple focal holes are achieved near the focus, when tuning Î² (is the ratio of the pupil radius to the beam waist) in the focal plane for different modes under tight focusing through the high NA lens. We found that when tuning, beam parameter or the polarization rotation angle of the incident beam, it is possible to generate some interesting novel focal patterns, including multiple intensity rings, dark hollow focus and cylindrical crust focus. Such kind of beams plays an important role in optical trapping, laser cutting and optical manipulation applications.
Synthesis and Characterization of Iron Nanoparticles for Biological Applications
Authors: Peula Kumari Ponnaian  , Rachel Oommen  , Senthil Kumaran Chinna Kannaiyan  , Santhanam Jayachandran  , Muthukumarasamy Natarajan  , Agilan Santhanam  
Published: October 2024

Iron (Fe) nanoparticles have been synthesized by simple co-precipitation method. The x-ray diffraction studies indicated the formation of Fe nanoparticles with cubic phase. Surface morphology of Fe and has been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images reveal that Fe nanoparticle have size ranging from 25-41 nm. Also we have reported about the changes in the growth of piglets such as its body weight (kg), its haemoglobin (g %) level, its hematocrit (%) level and its erythrocyte count, when it was supplemented with different compositions of iron nanoparticles since iron is an integral component of hemoglobin which plays major role in supply of oxygen for normal functioning of body cells. Besides that iron is necessary for activity of several enzymes and catalytic pathways at cellular level.
Thermodynmic Properties and Interaction Abilities of Ternary Liquid Mixtures at 308.15K and 318.15K
Authors: Krishnamoorthy Uma Sivakami  , Sundararajan Vaideeswaran  , Ambrose Rosevenis  
Published: October 2024

Experimental densities, viscosities and ultrasonic velocities were measured for ternary liquid mixtures of diethylmalonate+ 1, 4-dioxane with cyclohexane and n-hexane at 308.15K and 318.15K and atmospheric pressure over the entire range of mole fractions. The calculated thermodynamic properties and some excess parameters such as VE, ΔKs, ΔÉ³, ΔVF, ΔLF, ΔβΤ, were calculated and applied to Redlich − Kister polynomial equation to determine the appropriate coefficients. The deviations of the ternary mixtures from its ideal behaviour were determined and the interaction ability of the liquids in the ternary liquid mixtures was studied.
The role of administrative courts in ensuring legal security for marriage and family: comments in the context of article 18 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland
Authors: Bucoń Paweł 
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the role of administrative courts in ensuring the legal security of an individual in the area of family law. The aim of the analysis is to demonstrate the guarantee of the preservation by the Polish constitutional legislator of the traditional form of marriage as a union of a woman and a man and the family created on this basis (Article 18 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland). The article discusses the essence of legal security and the role of administrative courts in ensuring it, as well as the guarantee nature of the regulations of Article 18 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland. Against this outlined background, the thesis on the inadmissibility of institutionalization of same-sex unions is argued. Problems resulting from the judicial practice of administrative courts related to the transcription of a child's birth certificate are also discussed.
The scientific research was conducted by using traditional methods of jurisprudence, primarily the formal-dogmatic method. The linguistic, systemic and teleological interpretation of Article 18 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland was applied. The directions of operational interpretation resulting from the case law of administrative courts were discussed. The views found in the literature on the subject (doctrinal interpretation) were taken into account, too. According to the author, the perspective of legal security strengthens the arguments stemming from the linguistic and historical interpretation of Article 18 of the Constitution and allows for a better justification of the inadmissibility of institutionalizing same-sex unions by means of a statute. Such a procedure seems particularly useful in the face of the growing tendencies in the law of other countries to eliminate the traditional form of marriage as a union of a woman and a man.
Demonstration of a photonic integrated circuit for quantitative phase imaging
Authors: Lin Chupao , Guo Yujie , Le Thomas Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an optical microscopy method that has been developed over nearly a century to rapidly visualize and analyze transparent or weakly scattering objects in view of biological, medical, or material science applications. The bulky nature of the most performant QPI techniques in terms of phase noise limits their large-scale deployment. In this context, the beam shaping properties of photonic chips, combined with their intrinsic compact size and low cost, could be beneficial. Here, we demonstrate the implementation of QPI with a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) used as an add-on to a standard wide-field microscope. Combining a 50  mm×50  mm footprint PIC as a secondary coherent illuminating light source with an imaging microscope objective of numerical aperture 0.45 and implementing a phase retrieval approach based on the Kramers–Kronig relations, we achieve a phase noise of 5.5 mrad and a diffraction limited spatial resolution of 400 nm. As a result, we retrieve quantitative phase images of Escherichia coli bacteria cells and monolayers of graphene patches from which we determine a graphene monolayer thickness of 0.45±0.15  nm. The current phase noise level is more than five times lower than that obtained with other state-of-the-art QPI techniques using coherent light sources and comparable to their counterparts based on incoherent light sources. The PIC-based QPI technique opens new avenues for low-phase noise, miniature, robust, and cost-effective quantitative phase microscopy.