bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estudos genéticos sobre a Fibrose Cística no Brasil: uma revisão sistemática
Authors: Mota Laís Ribeiro , Souza Edna Lúcia , Rocha Pedro Henrique Silva Andrade , Vieira Mônica Jacobina Fonseca , Dos Santos Jéssica Fernandes , Lage Vivian Marina Gomes Barbosa , De Lima Renata Lúcia Leite Ferreira 
Published: September 2017

<p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="line-height: 150%;">Introdução: a Fibrose Cística (FC) é a doença genética mais comum e letal em caucasianos. O Brasil apresenta grande diversidade étnica entre as cinco regiões geográficas, o que leva a uma incidência variável da FC entre os diferentes Estados. Objetivo: verificar a distribuição dos estudos acerca do perfil de mutações FC em diferentes regiões do Brasil. Metodologia: foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura nas bases de dados (PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e Capes), nos idiomas português e inglês de 1990 a 2014. Resultados: após a aplicação dos critérios de seleção, restaram 60 artigos elegíveis para análise. Foi observado um desequilíbrio de distribuição dos estudos acerca da FC nas cinco regiões do Brasil. As regiões Sudeste e Sul foram as que mais apresentaram trabalhos relacionados ao estudo de mutações genéticas e da doença. Conclusão: alto grau de miscigenação da população brasileira e a grande variabilidade de mutações já descritas impõe o conhecimento do perfil mutacional de cada região do país, tendo em vista a heterogeneidade clínica apresentada pelos pacientes. </span></p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"> </p><p style="margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"> </p>
Incidência de necrólise epidérmica tóxica em pacientes admitidos no setor de clínica médica, de um hospital terciário, na cidade de Salvador-Bahia
Authors: Guimarães Juciane Rocha , Ventura Ramsés De Freitas , Cerdeira Ana Karina Lima Alves , Guimarães Isabel Cristina Britto 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução: </strong>a necrólise epidérmica tóxica se caracteriza como uma lesão cutânea rara, relacionada à reação pelo uso de fármacos, acometendo acima de 30% da extensão do corpo. Os sintomas mais comuns são hiperemia dolorosa, podendo estar associada à formação de vesículas. O diagnóstico é clínico e o tratamento se inicia com a imediata suspensão dos fármacos suspeitos e com reposição de líquidos e sais, terapêutica similar a de queimados. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>conhecer a incidência de necrólise epidérmica tóxica em pacientes admitidos no setor de Clínica Médica, de um hospital terciário, na cidade de Salvador-Bahia.<strong> Metodologia: </strong>o método utilizado corresponde ao desenho de coorte retrospectiva, onde a obtenção de informações ocorreu mediante a revisão de prontuários dos pacientes admitidos no período de abril de 2013 a abril de 2015. <strong>Resultados: </strong>foram avaliados 480 prontuários, no entanto, apenas um caso foi encontrado no período proposto. Dada a importância desse achado, o caso encontrado foi relatado, incluindo aspectos clínicos e dados sobre diagnóstico, tratamento e evolução do paciente. <strong>Conclusão: </strong>com base nos resultados obtidos, observou-se que, possivelmente, a reação cutânea desenvolvida pelo paciente tenha sido desencadeada pelo uso da Dapsona, usada como tratamento poliquimioterápico para a hanseníase, juntamente com a Rifampicina. Todavia, o tratamento medicamentoso a base de analgésicos, corticoides, antifúngicos, cristaloides, e o aporte calórico e proteico da dieta via sonda nasoenteral, associado ao tratamento das lesões cutâneas com cobertura de prata nanocristalina, proporcionaram regressão importante das lesões e resultaram em menor tempo de internamento e de custos hospitalares.</p><p><strong> </strong></p>
Dados demográficos numa coorte de pacientes com terapia tripla num centro de referência de Salvador
Authors: Lordão Manuela B. de J. , Coutinho Paula , Anjos Fernanda , Schinoni Maria Isabel 
Published: September 2017

<p><strong>Introdução</strong><strong>:</strong> o vírus da hepatite C (VHC) é um vírus de RNA pertencente à família <em>Flaviviridae -</em> gênero <em>Hepacivirus</em>, com alta taxa de replicação hepática, de cadeia simples que apresenta variabilidade genética. Caracterizam-se por seus genótipos (1-6), sendo o genótipo 1 o mais prevalente no Brasil, seguido pelo genótipo 3 e depois o 2. O vírus afeta o fígado podendo ocasionar uma hepatite crônica, cirrose hepática e hepatocarcinoma, assim como manifestações extra-hepáticas do vírus, tipo mialgia, diabetes e comprometimento da qualidade de vida. <strong>Objetivos</strong><strong>:</strong> traçar um perfil demográfico, clínico virológico e biológico dos pacientes de um ambulatório de referência para Hepatites Virais que iniciaram terapia tripla para Hepatite Crônica C. <strong>Mé</strong><strong>todo</strong>: estudo retrospectivo, descritivo de análise de um banco de dados com pacientes portadores de Hepatite C crônica de um Centro de Referência de Salvador. <strong>Resultados: </strong>a população estudada foi composta predominantemente pelo sexo masculino (51%), sendo que a maioria dos sujeitos se autodenominaram de etnia parda (44,7%). A média de idade dos sujeitos foi de 56 anos. Dentre as comorbidades apresentadas pelos indivíduos do estudo a hipertensão arterial sistêmica (34,5%) e diabetes tipo 2 (18,4%) foram expressivas. Quanto às características do vírus, a carga viral através do RNA-quantitativo apresentou a média de 2.807.331 cópias/mL. Os genótipos detectados foram os 1 e 3, sendo o mais habitual o genótipo 1 (91,3%). O estágio da doença que é avaliado a partir do grau de lesão hepática através, demonstrou que a maioria era 21,4% A1F3, 15,5% A2F3 e 12,6% A1F2. Em relação ao estágio de fibrose diagnosticado através da biópsia hepática, a frequência maior foi de portadores de fibrose grave (F3 e F4) (87%). <strong>Conclusão:</strong> a infecção pelo vírus VHC é uma doença com um elevado impacto na vida do paciente, principalmente quando esta vem associada a uma coinfecção ou com outras comorbidades como neste estudo, podendo agravar a descompensacão hepática nos pacientes com cirrose. Por conta disto, é cada vez mais importante o diagnóstico precoce e um tratamento antiviral eficaz que proporcione benefícios aos pacientes.</p><p> </p>
Resultados da anamnese para rastreio de transtornos do processamento auditivo em crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito
Authors: Andrade Caio Leônidas , Braga Hélida , Fernandes Luciene , Ramos Helton Estrela , Alves Crésio De Aragão Dantas 
Published: September 2017

<strong>Introdução: </strong>os hormônios tireoidianos (HT) são fundamentais para a adequada maturação neurológica do sistema nervoso auditivo e sabe-se que esta é uma condição necessária para o desenvolvimento das habilidades auditivas. <strong>Objetivo: </strong>analisar sintomas de transtornos do processamento auditivo (TPA) em crianças com hipotireoidismo congênito (HC),coletados durante anamnese. <strong>Material e Métodos: </strong>Foram avaliadas as informações clínicas e laboratoriais dos prontuários e da anamnese audiológica de 44 crianças com HC, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 5 e 20 anos, atendidos no Serviço de Referência de Triagem Neonatal da APAE-Salvador. Os aspectos observados na anamnese foram: dificuldades comportamentais, discriminação e cognição,dificuldades na leitura, fala e escrita, dosagem da levotiroxina sódica e tempo de tratamento da doença. <strong>Resultados: </strong>observou-se correlação estatisticamente significante entre as queixas relacionadas à competência auditiva de escuta em ambientes com ruído competitivo de fundo e dosagens de levotiroxina sódica durante o tratamento do HC (p= 0,015).O tempo da doença/tratamento (p=0,008), nível sérico do TSH no exame confirmatório de HC (p=0,027) e a dosagem da levotiroxina sódica (p=0,028) apresentaram correlação significante com os sintomas de alteração comportamental e dificuldades na aquisição da linguagem oral.<strong>Conclusão: </strong>crianças com HC apresentam sintomas de transtorno do processamento auditivo e o tratamento de reposição hormonal quando não precoce, tende a se configurar como risco para os distúrbios auditivos. A fim de prevenir tais transtornos, faz-se neces­sário desenvolver estudos com avaliações das habilidades auditivas em crianças com HC.
Gravity Wave‐Induced Ionospheric Irregularities in the Postsunset Equatorial Valley Region
Authors: Hysell D. L. , Fritts D. C. , Laughman B. , Chau J. L. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPlasma irregularities in the postsunset equatorial valley region ionosphere are investigated experimentally and through numerical simulation. Coherent radar backscatter observed at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory shows two classes of irregularities in different altitude bands—one mainly below about 125 km and the other mainly above. Irregularities in both bands are organized into wavefronts with wavelengths of a few kilometers. However, only the irregularities in the high‐altitude band exhibit consistent propagation speeds and directions. Some previous observations of irregularities in the nighttime electrojet suggest that gravity waves may sometimes influence their morphology. The possibility that the valley region irregularities are also related to gravity waves (GWs) is therefore investigated numerically. A model of a GW packet propagating through a tidal wind field is used to drive another model which predicts the resulting ionospheric electrodynamics. The combined simulation shows that GWs can induce field‐aligned currents and excite resistive drift waves which could be responsible for the valley region irregularities in the high‐altitude band. The GWs also induce irregularities in the upper E region directly through simple dynamo action which subsequently deform under the influence of shear flow. This may explain the irregularities in the low‐altitude band.
The Characteristic Response of Whistler Mode Waves to Interplanetary Shocks
Authors: Yue Chao , Chen Lunjin , Bortnik Jacob , Ma Qianli , Thorne Richard M. , Angelopoulos Vassilis , Li Jinxing , An Xin , Zhou Chen , Kletzing Craig , Reeves Geoffrey D. , Spence Harlan E. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractMagnetospheric whistler mode waves play a key role in regulating the dynamics of the electron radiation belts. Recent satellite observations indicate a significant influence of interplanetary (IP) shocks on whistler mode wave power in the inner magnetosphere. In this study, we statistically investigate the response of whistler mode chorus and plasmaspheric hiss to IP shocks based on Van Allen Probes and THEMIS satellite observations. Immediately after the IP shock arrival, chorus wave power is usually intensified, often at postmidnight to prenoon sector, while plasmaspheric hiss wave power predominantly decreases near the dayside but intensifies near the nightside. We conclude that chorus wave intensification outside the plasmasphere is probably associated with the suprathermal electron flux enhancement caused by the IP shock. Through a simple ray tracing modeling assuming the scenario that plasmaspheric hiss is originated from chorus, we find that the solar wind dynamic pressure increase changes the magnetic field configuration to favor ray penetration in the nightside and promote ray refraction away from the dayside, potentially explaining the magnetic local time‐dependent responses of plasmaspheric hiss waves following IP shock arrivals.
Pulsations in the Earth's Lower Ionosphere Synchronized With Solar Flare Emission
Authors: Hayes Laura A. , Gallagher Peter T. , McCauley Joseph , Dennis Brian R. , Ireland Jack , Inglis Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractSolar flare emission at X‐ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) energies can cause substantial enhancements in the electron density in the Earth's lower ionosphere. It has now become clear that flares exhibit quasi‐periodic pulsations with timescales of minutes at X‐ray energies, but to date, it has not been known if the ionosphere is sensitive to this variability. Here using a combination of very low frequency (24 kHz) measurement together with space‐based X‐ray and EUV observations, we report pulsations of the ionospheric D region, which are synchronized with a set of pulsating flare loops. Modeling of the ionosphere show that the D region electron density varies by up to an order of magnitude over the timescale of the pulsations (∼ 20 min). Our results reveal that the Earth's ionosphere is more sensitive to small‐scale changes in solar soft X‐ray flux than previously thought and implies that planetary ionospheres are closely coupled to small‐scale changes in solar/stellar activity.
A Low O/Si Ratio on the Surface of Mercury: Evidence for Silicon Smelting?
Authors: McCubbin Francis M. , Vander Kaaden Kathleen E. , Peplowski Patrick N. , Bell Aaron S. , Nittler Larry R. , Boyce Jeremy W. , Evans Larry G. , Keller Lindsay P. , Elardo Stephen M. , McCoy Timothy J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractData from the Gamma‐Ray Spectrometer (GRS) that flew on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft indicate that the O/Si weight ratio of Mercury's surface is 1.2 ± 0.1. This value is lower than any other celestial surface that has been measured by GRS and suggests that 12–20% of the surface materials on Mercury are composed of Si‐rich, Si‐Fe alloys. The origin of the metal is best explained by a combination of space weathering and graphite‐induced smelting. The smelting process would have been facilitated by interaction of graphite with boninitic and komatiitic parental liquids. Graphite entrained at depth would have reacted with FeO components dissolved in silicate melt, resulting in the production of up to 0.4–0.9 wt % CO from the reduction of FeO to Fe0—CO production that could have facilitated explosive volcanic processes on Mercury. Once the graphite‐entrained magmas erupted, the tenuous atmosphere on Mercury prevented the buildup of CO over the lavas. The partial pressure of CO would have been sufficiently low to facilitate reaction between graphite and SiO2components in silicate melts to produce CO and metallic Si. Although exotic, Si‐rich metal as a primary smelting product is hypothesized on Mercury for three primary reasons: (1) low FeO abundances of parental magmas, (2) elevated abundances of graphite in the crust and regolith, and (3) the presence of only a tenuous atmosphere at the surface of the planet within the 3.5–4.1 Ga timespan over which the planet was resurfaced through volcanic processes.
Interannual and Seasonal Patterns of Carbon Dioxide, Water, and Energy Fluxes From Ecotonal and Thermokarst‐Impacted Ecosystems on Carbon‐Rich Permafrost Soils in Northeastern Siberia
Authors: Euskirchen Eugénie S. , Edgar Colin W. , Syndonia Bret‐Harte M. , Kade Anja , Zimov Nikita , Zimov Sergey 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEastern Siberia Russia is currently experiencing a distinct and unprecedented rate of warming. This change is particularly important given the large amounts of carbon stored in the yedoma permafrost soils that become vulnerable to thaw and release under warming. Data from this region pertaining to year‐round carbon, water, and energy fluxes are scarce, particularly in sensitive ecotonal ecosystems near latitudinal treeline, as well as those already impacted by permafrost thaw. Here we investigated the interannual and seasonal carbon dioxide, water, and energy dynamics at an ecotonal forested site and a disturbed thermokarst‐impacted site. The ecotonal site was approximately neutral in terms of CO2 uptake/release, while the disturbed site was either a source or neutral. Our data suggest that high rates of plant productivity during the growing season at the disturbed site may, in part, counterbalance higher rates of respiration during the cold season compared to the ecotonal site. We also found that the ecotonal site was sensitive to the timing of the freezeup of the soil active layer in fall, releasing more CO2 when freezeup occurred later. Both sites showed a negative water balance, although the ecotonal site appeared more sensitive to dry conditions. Water use efficiency at the ecotonal site was lower during warmer summers. Overall, these Siberian measurements indicate ecosystem sensitivity to warmer conditions during the fall and to drier conditions during the growing season and provide a better understanding of ecosystem response to climate in a part of the circumpolar Arctic where current knowledge is weakest.
Flow‐Signature Analysis of Water Consumption in Nonresidential Building Water Networks Using High‐Resolution and Medium‐Resolution Smart Meter Data: Two Case Studies
Authors: Clifford Eoghan , Mulligan Sean , Comer Joanne , Hannon Louise 
Published: September 2017

AbstractReal‐time monitoring of water consumption activities can be an effective mechanism to achieve efficient water network management. This approach, largely enabled by the advent of smart metering technologies, is gradually being practiced in domestic and industrial contexts. In particular, identifying water consumption habits from flow‐signatures, i.e., the specific end‐usage patterns, is being investigated as a means for conservation in both the residential and nonresidential context. However, the quality of meter data is bivariate (dependent on number of meters and data temporal resolution) and as a result, planning a smart metering scheme is relatively difficult with no generic design approach available. In this study, a comprehensive medium‐resolution to high‐resolution smart metering program was implemented at two nonresidential trial sites to evaluate the effect of spatial and temporal data aggregation. It was found that medium‐resolution water meter data were capable of exposing regular, continuous, peak use, and diurnal patterns which reflect group wide end‐usage characteristics. The high‐resolution meter data permitted flow‐signature at a personal end‐use level. Through this unique opportunity to observe water usage characteristics via flow‐signature patterns, newly defined hydraulic‐based design coefficients determined from Poisson rectangular pulse were developed to intuitively aid in the process of pattern discovery with implications for automated activity recognition applications. A smart meter classification and siting index was introduced which categorizes meter resolution in terms of their suitable application.
Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (
PERMANOVA
)
Authors: Anderson Marti J. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
Permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA) is a geometric partitioning of variation across a multivariate data cloud, defined explicitly in the space of a chosen dissimilarity measure, in response to one or more factors in an analysis of variance design. Statistical inferences are made in a distribution‐free setting using permutational algorithms. The PERMANOVA framework is readily extended to accommodate random effects, hierarchical models, mixed models, quantitative covariates, repeated measures, unbalanced and/or asymmetrical designs, and, most recently, heterogeneous dispersions among groups. Plots to accompany PERMANOVA models include ordinations of either fitted or residualized distance matrices, including multivariate analogues to main effects and interaction plots, to visualize results.
Recent Advances in the Generation of Antibody–Nanomaterial Conjugates
Authors: Sivaram Amal J. , Wardiana Andri , Howard Christopher B. , Mahler Stephen M. , Thurecht Kristofer J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractTargeted nanomedicines have significantly changed the way new therapeutics are designed to treat disease. Central to successful therapeutics is the ability to control the dynamics of protein–nanomaterial interactions to enhance the therapeutic effect of the nanomedicine. The aim of this review is to illustrate the diversity and versatility of the conjugation approaches involved in the synthesis of antibody–nanoparticle conjugates, and highlight significant new advances in the field of bioconjugation. Such nanomedicines have found utility as both advanced therapeutic agents, as well as more complex imaging contrast agents that can provide both anatomical and functional information of diseased tissue. While such conjugates show significant promise as next generation targeted nanomedicines, it is recognized that there are in fact no clinically approved targeted therapeutics on the market. This fact is reflected upon within this review, and attempts are made to draw some reasoning from the complexities associated with the bioconjugation chemistry approaches that are typically utilized. Present trends, as well as future directions of next generation targeted nanomedicines are also discussed.
Droplet Microarray Based on Patterned Superhydrophobic Surfaces Prevents Stem Cell Differentiation and Enables High‐Throughput Stem Cell Screening
Authors: Tronser Tina , Popova Anna A. , Jaggy Mona , Bastmeyer Martin , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractOver the past decades, stem cells have attracted growing interest in fundamental biological and biomedical research as well as in regenerative medicine, due to their unique ability to self‐renew and differentiate into various cell types. Long‐term maintenance of the self‐renewal ability and inhibition of spontaneous differentiation, however, still remain challenging and are not fully understood. Uncontrolled spontaneous differentiation of stem cells makes high‐throughput screening of stem cells also difficult. This further hinders investigation of the underlying mechanisms of stem cell differentiation and the factors that might affect it. In this work, a dual functionality of nanoporous superhydrophobic–hydrophilic micropatterns is demonstrated in their ability to inhibit differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and at the same time enable formation of arrays of microdroplets (droplet microarray) via the effect of discontinuous dewetting. Such combination makes high‐throughput screening of undifferentiated mouse embryonic stem cells possible. The droplet microarray is used to investigate the development, differentiation, and maintenance of stemness of mESC, revealing the dependence of stem cell behavior on droplet volume in nano‐ and microliter scale. The inhibition of spontaneous differentiation of mESCs cultured on the droplet microarray for up to 72 h is observed. In addition, up to fourfold increased cell growth rate of mESCs cultured on our platform has been observed. The difference in the behavior of mESCs is attributed to the porosity and roughness of the polymer surface. This work demonstrates that the droplet microarray possesses the potential for the screening of mESCs under conditions of prolonged inhibition of stem cells' spontaneous differentiation. Such a platform can be useful for applications in the field of stem cell research, pharmacological testing of drug efficacy and toxicity, biomedical research as well as in the field of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.