bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RIG-I Resists Hypoxia-Induced Immunosuppression and Dedifferentiation
Authors: Engel Christina , Brügmann Grethe , Lambing Silke , Mühlenbeck Larissa H. , Marx Samira , Hagen Christian , Horváth Dorottya , Goldeck Marion , Ludwig Janos , Herzner Anna-Maria , Drijfhout Jan W. , Wenzel Daniela , Coch Christoph , Tüting Thomas , Schlee Martin , Hornung Veit , Hartmann Gunther , Van den Boorn Jasper G. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
A hypoxic tumor microenvironment is linked to poor prognosis. It promotes tumor cell dedifferentiation and metastasis and desensitizes tumor cells to type-I IFN, chemotherapy, and irradiation. The cytoplasmic immunoreceptor retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) is ubiquitously expressed in tumor cells and upon activation by 5′-triphosphate RNA (3pRNA) drives the induction of type I IFN and immunogenic cell death. Here, we analyzed the impact of hypoxia on the expression of RIG-I in various human and murine tumor and nonmalignant cell types and further investigated its function in hypoxic murine melanoma. 3pRNA-inducible RIG-I–expression was reduced in hypoxic melanoma cells compared with normoxic controls, a phenomenon that depended on the hypoxia-associated transcription factor HIF1α. Still, RIG-I functionality was conserved in hypoxic melanoma cells, whereas responsiveness to recombinant type-I IFN was abolished, due to hypoxia-induced loss of type I IFN receptor expression. Likewise, RIG-I activation in hypoxic melanoma cells, but not exposure to recombinant IFNα, provoked melanocyte antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell and NK-cell attack. Scavenging of hypoxia-induced reactive oxygen species by vitamin C restored the inducible expression of RIG-I under hypoxia in vitro, boosted in vitro anti-melanoma NK- and CD8+ T-cell attack, and augmented 3pRNA antitumor efficacy in vivo. These results demonstrate that RIG-I remains operational under hypoxia and that RIG-I function is largely insensitive to lower cell surface expression of the IFNα receptor. RIG-I function could be fortified under hypoxia by the combined use of 3pRNA with antioxidants. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(6); 455–67. ©2017 AACR.
Tumor-Derived α-Fetoprotein Directly Drives Human Natural Killer–Cell Activation and Subsequent Cell Death
Authors: Vujanovic Lazar , Stahl Elizabeth C. , Pardee Angela D. , Geller David A. , Tsung Allan , Watkins Simon C. , Gibson Gregory A. , Storkus Walter J. , Butterfield Lisa H. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with reduced natural killer (NK)–cell numbers and function have been shown to have a poor disease outcome. Mechanisms underlying NK-cell deficiency and dysfunction in HCC patients remain largely unresolved. α-Fetoprotein (AFP) is an oncofetal antigen produced by HCC. Previous studies demonstrated that tumor-derived AFP (tAFP) can indirectly impair NK-cell activity by suppressing dendritic cell function. However, a direct tAFP effect on NK cells remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to examine the ability of cord blood-derived AFP (nAFP) and that of tAFP to directly modulate human NK-cell activity and longevity in vitro. Short-term exposure to tAFP and, especially, nAFP proteins induced a unique proinflammatory, IL2-hyperresponsive phenotype in NK cells as measured by IL1β, IL6, and TNF secretion, CD69 upregulation, and enhanced tumor cell killing. In contrast, extended coculture with tAFP, but not nAFP, negatively affected long-term NK-cell viability. NK-cell activation was directly mediated by the AFP protein itself, whereas their viability was affected by hydrophilic components within the low molecular mass cargo that copurified with tAFP. Identification of the distinct impact of circulating tAFP on NK-cell function and viability may be crucial to developing a strategy to ameliorate HCC patient NK-cell functional deficits. Cancer Immunol Res; 5(6); 493–502. ©2017 AACR.
Spatial Modeling in Landslide Susceptibility
Authors: Gunadi Dwi Shanty Apriliani , Jaya I Nengah Surati , Tjahjono Boedi 
Published: May 2017

<p class="Style2">Landslide Susceptibility Mapping is one of the mitigation effort to detect vulnerable areas for minimizing the risk of landslide disasters. This paper describes spatial model development for assessing landslide susceptibility by considering human and biophysical factors. The main objective of this research is to develop a spatial modeling of landslide susceptibility, particularly in several regencies of West Java Province. The data analysis include data pre-processing, regression analysis, correlation analysis, score development, and weight determination using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The study found that the most important factors that contributed to landslide susceptibility within the research area is the Landuse/Landcover, then followed by Slope, Distance to River, Soil Type, Annual Rainfall, Population Density, Geology Age, Climate Type, and Geomorphology. The first three highest factors occupied almost 53% of the total weight. The model successfully estimated the spatial distribution and degree of landslide susceptibility into 3 classes having overall accuracy of about 68%.</p>
Fire Tracking and Suppression Mobile Robot - Design and Construction
Authors: ÇAKIR Abdülkadir , BADRI Aqeel bahaa 
Published: May 2017

<span lang="EN-US">Robots is one of the most important devices in the world that work automatically without human intervention. Robot can work for long hours without feeling tired and can be performed work that can be dangerous to human life. Autonomous robots are used today in many areas in our daily lives, for example, industry, Agriculture, Health, Education, scientific explorations and many other fields. Therefore in this research we will going to design autonomous robot that able to find and extinguish fires. In some cases, the dense flames very dangerous to humans live and therefore require intervention of robot. Fire tracking and suppression robot is a robot can automatically find and fighting fire. In this project a camera and flame sensor based on an rotary base was used. It can detect fire in an angle of rotation of 1600. ATmega328 microcontroller based on Arduino Uno board have been used, to control the robot to do the right work without mistakes, ATmega328 based on Arduini Uno board have been used, and it can be programmed using C language by using arduino IDE.</span>
Performance Analysis of Non-Renewable Energy in Bangladesh
Authors: Rabbani M. G. , Sattary C. T. , Mamun M. R. A. , Rahman M. M. , Khan M. N. H. 
Published: May 2017

The demand of energy is dramatically increased nowadays and the demand either can renewable or non renewable depends on the drawbacks. Hence, non renewable energies show the better performance where the limitations are comprisable very few and environmental friendly. Already developed countries are being used renewable energies as the main sources of energy to produce electricity where it proved the less easy and more benefits. However, non renewable energies such as natural gas, gas generator and so on still have been producing more and more electricity and this amount is around 10 times more than renewable energies especially developing countries like Bangladesh. This paper is being discussed the importance of renewable energies and non renewable energies to produce electricity, comparing the different countries electricity production and the using sources. Here analysis the data of different power plants in Bangladesh and the types of fuel, CO2 emission and electricity production. In additionally, Gazipur district has been selected to show the power consumption factories with the cost analysis in selected fuel types.
Hardware Simulation of Active Lane Keeping Assist Based on Fuzzy Logic
Authors: Basjaruddin Noor Cholis , Kuspriyanto Kuspriyanto , Saefudin Didin , Rachman Alditama 
Published: May 2017

Accidents due to cross the lane (lane departure crash) of achieving 19% of all accidents. These accidents mostly caused because the driver is not concentrating or dozing. A device that can help the driver so that the vehicle does not exit lanes known as Active Lane Keeping Assist (ALKA). ALKA is a subsystem of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) and is now used in several brands of cars namely Audi, BMW, and Ford. ALKA useful to help the driver, especially on roads with monotonous situations such as toll roads. This paper presents the development of fuzzy logic-based algorithm for ALKA. A battery toy car is used as a hardware simulation to test the algorithm in real time situation. The test results at three different speeds are slow, medium, and high indicate that the algorithm can work according to design.
Analysis of Fingerprint Image Enhancement using Gabor Filtering with Different Orientation Field Values
Authors: P Pakutharivu , M. V Srinath 
Published: May 2017

<p>Fingerprint image enhancement is the key process in IAFIS systems. In order to reduce false identification ratio and to supply good fingerprint images to IAFIS systems for exact identification, fingerprint images are generally enhanced. A filtering process tries to filter out the noise from the input image, and emphasize on low, high and directional spatial frequency components of an image. This paper presents an experimental summary of enhancing fingerprint images using Gabor filters. Frequency, width and window domain filter ranges are fixed. The orientation angle alone is modified by 0 radians, , and radians. The experimental results show that Gabor filter enhances the fingerprint image in a better way than other filtering methods and extracts features. </p>
Interference and Electromagnetic Compatibility Challenges in 5G Wireless Network Deployments
Authors: Abubakar Idrissa , Din Jafri , Alhilali Manhal , Yin Lam Hong 
Published: May 2017

<p>5G wireless network technology is going operate within the environment of other electrical, electronic and electromagnetic devices, components and systems, with capability of high speed data connectivity acting as network transceiver stations with Massive MIMO for Internet of Things (IoT). Considering the level of interoperability, electromagnetic Interference and electromagnetic compatibility to avoid electromagnetic pulse effects (EMP) which is capable of not only causing network malfunctions but total devices and equipments failure in mission critical operations, like hospital MRI scan machines, security profiling and data handling or even personal healthcare devices like heart pacemaker. Electromagnetic energy coupling in PCB due to: radiation, reflection and Crosstalk generates reliability challenges affecting Signal Integrity between traces of multilayer boards stalks, power bus and packaging creating Electromagnetic interference (EMI) in PCB leading false clock response to system failure. Above were considered very essential when deploying 5G wireless network facility as presented in this paper. </p>
Association Between Self‐Reported Potentially Modifiable Cardiac Risk Factors and Perceived Need to Improve Physical Health: A Population‐Based Study
Authors: Ramirez F. Daniel , Chen Yue , Di Santo Pietro , Simard Trevor , Motazedian Pouya , Hibbert Benjamin 
Published: May 2017

Background

An individual's perceived need to improve their physical health (
PNIPH
) is an essential precursor to adopting healthy behaviors. Nine potentially modifiable risk factors (
PMRF
s) for myocardial infarction collectively account for ≥90% of the population attributable risk. Though widely recognized, their impact on individuals’ health perceptions is unclear.

Methods and Results

Residents from 6 provinces were administered a module on changes to improve health as part of the 2011–2012 Canadian Community Health Survey, yielding relevant data for 8 of the 9
PMRF
s sought. The potential effects of
PMRF
s individually and cumulatively on
PNIPH
were examined using modified Poisson regression. In total, 45 443 respondents were included, representing 11 006 123 individuals and corresponding to 96.8% of the adult population of the sampled provinces. The sum of
PMRF
s was positively associated with
PNIPH
(adjusted prevalence ratio, 1.08; 95%
CI,
1.07–1.09 per additional
PMRF
) with 82.3% of individuals with ≥5
PMRF
s reporting this perception. Smoking, obesity, and low physical activity were most strongly associated with
PNIPH,
whereas hypertension and diabetes mellitus exhibited no association with this outcome after adjusting for potential confounders. Barriers to adopting healthy behaviors were reported by 55.9% of individuals endorsing
PNIPH
.

Conclusions

The cumulative burden of
PMRF
s is positively associated with
PNIPH
; however, individual
PMRF
s differentially contribute to this perception. Among those at highest cardiac risk, ≈1 in 5 denied
PNIPH
. A better understanding of factors underlying health perceptions and behaviors is needed to capitalize on cardiovascular preventive efforts.
Refining 3 Measures to Construct an Efficient Functional Assessment of Stroke
Authors: Wang Yu-Lin , Lin Gong-Hong , Huang Yi-Jing , Chen Mei-Hsiang , Hsieh Ching-Lin 
Published: May 2017

Background and Purpose—
The Fugl-Meyer Assessment motor scale, Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke patients, and Barthel Index are widely used to assess patients’ upper extremity and lower extremity motor function, balance, and basic activities of daily living after stroke, respectively. However, these 3 measures (72 items) require a great amount of time for assessment. Therefore, we aimed to develop an efficient test, the Functional Assessment of Stroke (FAS).

Methods—
The FAS was constructed from 4 short-form tests of the Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremity, Fugl-Meyer Assessment-lower extremity, Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke patients, and Barthel Index based on the results of Rasch analyses and the items’ content. We examined the psychometric properties of the FAS, including Rasch reliability, concurrent validity, convergent validity, known-group validity, and responsiveness.

Results—

The FAS contained 29 items (10, 6, 8, and 5 items for the 4 short-form tests, respectively). The FAS demonstrated high Rasch reliability (0.92–0.94), concurrent validity (
r
=0.90–0.97 with the original tests), convergent validity (
r
=0.62–0.94 with the 5-scale Fugl-Meyer Assessment), and known-group validity (significant difference in the FAS scores among 3 groups of disability levels;
P
<0.001). In addition, the responsiveness of the FAS (standardized response mean=0.55–1.93) was similar or significantly superior to those of the original tests (standardized response mean=0.46–1.39).

Conclusions—
The FAS contains 29 items and has sufficient Rasch reliability, validities, and responsiveness. These findings support that the FAS is efficient for reliably and validly assessing upper extremity/lower extremity motor function, balance, and basic activities of daily living and for sensitively detecting change in those functions in patients with stroke.
Distinct Hippocampal versus Frontoparietal Network Contributions to Retrieval and Memory-guided Exploration
Authors: Bridge Donna J. , Cohen Neal J. , Voss Joel L. 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Memory can profoundly influence new learning, presumably because memory optimizes exploration of to-be-learned material. Although hippocampus and frontoparietal networks have been implicated in memory-guided exploration, their specific and interactive roles have not been identified. We examined eye movements during fMRI scanning to identify neural correlates of the influences of memory retrieval on exploration and learning. After retrieval of one object in a multiobject array, viewing was strategically directed away from the retrieved object toward nonretrieved objects, such that exploration was directed toward to-be-learned content. Retrieved objects later served as optimal reminder cues, indicating that exploration caused memory to become structured around the retrieved content. Hippocampal activity was associated with memory retrieval, whereas frontoparietal activity varied with strategic viewing patterns deployed after retrieval, thus providing spatiotemporal dissociation of memory retrieval from memory-guided learning strategies. Time-lagged fMRI connectivity analyses indicated that hippocampal activity predicted frontoparietal activity to a greater extent for a condition in which retrieval guided exploration occurred than for a passive control condition in which exploration was not influenced by retrieval. This demonstrates network-level interaction effects specific to influences of memory on strategic exploration. These findings show how memory guides behavior during learning and demonstrate distinct yet interactive hippocampal–frontoparietal roles in implementing strategic exploration behaviors that determine the fate of evolving memory representations.
South Korea’s Aid to Africa and Compliance with International Norms
Authors: Kim Hyo-sook 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Previous literature on Korea’s official development assistance (oda) has tended to focus on Korea’s national interest in providing oda, in a way that is biased toward accepting the assumption of a realist paradigm and ignoring the aspect of international cooperation observed in Korea’s aid behavior. To fill this gap in the literature, I examine the impact of the poverty reduction norm in determining Korea’s aid behavior. I adopt qualitative research methods and examine two aspects of the impact of the norm of poverty reduction in Korea’s oda: the incorporation of this norm into oda policy and transformations in aid allocation to African countries. I also conduct an analysis at the level of the system and the unit to identify the factors that encourage Korea to sensitively respond to the poverty reduction norm. I argue that norm internalization has led Korea to increase aid to Africa.
The Omoluabi Essence
Authors: Mimiko N. Oluwafemi 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The Yoruba, predominantly of southwest Nigeria, comes with a long history of deep cultural consciousness and identity defined by the omoluabi essence – a sense of, commitment to, and pride in pristine and honorable conduct, individually and corporately. This paper interrogates the different, yet intricately linked perspectives articulated in Encyclopedia of the Yoruba on the cosmology, culture, and sociology of the Yoruba; the impact of modernity on its being; and the basis of the resilience of much of its wider cultural forms in different spatial and temporal contexts. It notes that the basic outline of the Yoruba culture predates its contact with the West, and is indeed comparable to the best of the latter in significant respects. A more autochthonous existence for the Yoruba, predicated upon this uniquely profound and composite cultural essence, within the Nigerian federation, has limitless possibilities for social cohesion and advancement of the development agenda.
Sounds Are Perceived as Louder When Accompanied by Visual Movement
Authors: Maniglia Marcello , Grassi Massimo , Ward Jamie 
Published: May 2017

In this study, we present three experiments investigating the influence of visual movement on auditory judgements. In Experiments 1 and 2, two bursts of noise were presented and participants were required to judge which was louder using a forced-choice task. One of the two bursts was accompanied by a moving disc. The other burst either was accompanied by no visual stimulus (Experiment 1) or by a static disc (Experiment 2). When the two sounds were of identical intensity participants judged the sound accompanied by the moving disc as louder. The effect was greater when auditory stimuli were of the same intensity but it was still present for mid-to-high intensities. In a third, control, experiment participants judged the pitch (and not the loudness) of a pair of tones. Here the pattern was different: there was no effect of visual motion for sounds of the same pitch, with a reversed effect for mid-to-high pitch differences (the effect of motion lowered the pitch). This showed no shift of response towards the interval accompanied by the moving disc. In contrast, the effect on pitch was reversed in comparison to what observed for loudness, with mid-to-high frequency sound accompanied by motion rated as lower in pitch respect to the static intervals.The natural tendency for moving objects to elicit sounds may lead to an automatic perceptual influence of vision over sound particularly when the latter is ambiguous. This is the first account of this novel audio-visual interaction.
Simulations of Polarimetric, X-Band Radar Signatures in Supercells. Part I: Description of Experiment and Simulated ρhv Rings
Authors: Snyder Jeffrey C. , Bluestein Howard B. , Dawson II Daniel T. , Jung Youngsun 
Published: May 2017

AbstractWith the development of multimoment bulk microphysical schemes and polarimetric radar forward operators, one can better examine convective storms simulated in high-resolution numerical models from a simulated polarimetric radar perspective. Subsequently, relationships between observable and unobservable quantities can be examined that may provide useful information about storm intensity and organization that otherwise would be difficult to obtain. This paper, Part I of a two-part sequence, describes the bulk microphysics scheme, polarimetric radar forward operator, and numerical model configuration used to simulate supercells in eight idealized, horizontally homogenous environments with different wind profiles. The microphysical structure and evolution of copolar cross-correlation coefficient (ρhv) rings associated with simulated supercells are examined in Part I, whereas Part II examines ZDR columns, ZDR rings, and KDP columns. In both papers, some systematic differences between the signature seen at X and S bands are discussed. The presence of hail is found to affect ρhv much more at X band than at S band (and is found to affect ZDR more at S band than at X band), which corroborates observations. The ρhv half ring is found to be associated with the presence of large, sometimes wet, hail aloft, with an ~20-min time lag between increases in the size of the ρhv ring aloft and the occurrence of a large amount of hail near the ground in some simulations.
The Gulf Stream Convergence Zone in the Time-Mean Winds
Authors: O’Neill Larry W. , Haack Tracy , Chelton Dudley B. , Skyllingstad Eric 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The distribution of surface divergence in the northwest Atlantic is investigated using 10 years of satellite wind observations from QuikSCAT and a 1-yr simulation from the COAMPS atmospheric model. A band of time-mean surface convergence overlies the Gulf Stream [called here the Gulf Stream convergence zone (GSCZ)] and has been attributed previously to a local boundary layer response to Gulf Stream SST gradients. However, this analysis shows that the GSCZ results mainly from the aggregate impacts of strong convergence anomalies associated with storms propagating along the storm track, which approximately overlies the Gulf Stream. Storm surface convergence anomalies are one to two orders of magnitude greater than the time-mean convergence and produce a highly asymmetric divergence distribution skewed toward convergent winds. The sensitivity of the sign and magnitude of the time-mean divergence to extreme weather events is demonstrated through analysis using an extreme-value filter, conditional sampling based on rain occurrence, and comparison to its median and mode. Vertical velocity and surface pressure are likewise affected by strong storms, which are characterized by upward velocity and low surface pressure. Storms are thus an important process in shaping the mean state of the atmosphere in the northwest Atlantic. These results are difficult to reconcile with the prevailing view that SST “anchors” surface convergence, upward vertical velocity, and increased rain over the Gulf Stream through a local boundary layer adjustment mechanism.