bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Integral Form of D = 3 Chern‐Simons Theories Probing Singularities
Authors: Fré P. , Grassi P.A. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWe consider D=3 supersymmetric Chern Simons gauge theories both from the point of view of their formal structure and of their applications to the AdS4/CFT3 correspondence. From the structural view‐point, we use the new formalism of integral forms in superspace that utilizes the rheonomic Lagrangians and the Picture Changing Operators, as an algorithmic tool providing the connection between different approaches to supersymmetric theories. We provide here the generalization to an arbitrary Kähler manifold with arbitrary gauge group and arbitrary superpotential of the rheonomic lagrangian of D=3 matter coupled gauge theories constructed years ago. From the point of view of the AdS4/CFT3 correspondence and more generally of M2‐branes we emphasize the role of the Kähler quotient data in determining the field content and the interactions of the Cherns Simons gauge theory when the transverse space to the brane is a non‐compact Kähler quotient K4 of some flat variety with respect to a suitable group. The crepant resolutions of singularities fall in this category. In the present paper we anticipate the general scheme how the geometrical data are to be utilized in the construction of the D=3 Chern‐Simons Theory supposedly dual to the corresponding M2‐brane solution.
Cover Image, Volume 73, Issue 10
Authors: Tay Jia‐Wei , Hoddle Mark S , Mulchandani Ashok , Choe Dong‐Hwan 
Published: September 2017

The cover image, by Jia‐Wei Tay et al., is based on the Research Article Development of an alginate hydrogel to deliver aqueous bait for pest ant management, DOI: 10.1002/ps.4616.
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Encapsulation of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Peptides into Hollow Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Enhancement of Antitumor Immune Response
Authors: Xie Jun , Yang Chaohua , Liu Qianqian , Li Jun , Liang Ruijing , Shen Chen , Zhang Yi , Wang Ke , Liu Liping , Shezad Khurram , Sullivan Martin , Xu Yong , Shen Guanxin , Tao Juan , Zhu Jintao , Zhang Zhiping 
Published: September 2017

AbstractCodelivery of combinational antigenic peptides and adjuvant to antigen presenting cells is expected to amplify tumor specific T lymphocytes immune responses while minimizing the possibility of tumor escaping and reducing immune tolerance to single antigenic peptide. However, the varied hydrophobicities of these multivariant derived short antigenic peptides limit their codelivery efficiency in conventional delivery systems. Here, a facile yet effective route is presented to generate monodisperse and stable hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HMSNs) for codelivering of HGP10025–33 and TRP2180–188, two melanoma‐derived peptides with varied hydrophobicities. The HMSNs with large pore size can improve the encapsulation efficiency of both HGP100 and TRP2 after NH2 modification on the inner hollow core and COOH modification in the porous channels. HGP100 and TRP2 loaded HMSNs (HT@HMSNs) are further enveloped within monophosphoryl lipid A adjuvant entrapped lipid bilayer (HTM@HMLBs), for improved stability/biocompatibility and codelivery efficiency of multiple peptides, adjuvant, and enhanced antitumor immune responses. HTM@HMLBs increase uptake by dendritic cells (DCs) and stimulate DCs maturation efficiently, which further induce the activation of both tumor specific CD8+ and CD4+ T lymphocytes. Moreover, HTM@HMLBs can significantly inhibit tumor growth and lung metastasis in murine melanoma models with good safety profiles. HMSNs enveloped with lipid bilayers (HMLBs) are believed to be a promising platform for codelivery of multiple peptides, adjuvant, and enhancement of antitumor efficacy of conventional vaccinations.
Argon‐Plasma Reinforced Superamphiphobic Fabrics
Authors: Liu Shuai , Zhou Hua , Wang Hongxia , Yang Weidong , Shao Hao , Fu Sida , Zhao Yan , Liu Deqi , Feng Zhihua , Lin Tong 
Published: September 2017

AbstractA novel method for preparing durable superamphiphobic fabrics is reported, which involves preapplying a solution consisting of perfluoroalkyl acrylate, epoxide‐containing silane, and silica nanoparticles onto fabric and subsequent argon‐plasma treatment. The coated fabrics show superphobic to both water and oil fluids (surface tension >21.5 mN m−1). The coating is durable to withstand repeated laundries and multicycles of abrasion without apparently altering the superamphiphobicity. The coating is also very stable in boiling water, strong acid, and base, but has little effect on the fabric handle and air permeability. The argon‐plasma‐enhanced coating may offer a facile way to prepare durable superamphiphobic fabrics.
“Nobody Spoke Like I Did”: Picture Books, Critical Literacy, and Global Contexts
Authors: Callow Jon 
Published: September 2017

AbstractIn the 21st century, our students increasingly communicate, connect, collaborate, and interact with diverse cultures and traditions around the world, so they need to develop global literacy. This department column highlights research and research‐to‐practice at the international level to bring global best teaching practices to the forefront. Topics include international literacy instruction, international professional development, global literacy initiatives, global partnership and collaborative projects between schools and educators, best practices in literacy globally, and advocacy.
Festkörper‐Lithium‐Ionen‐Akkumulatoren
Authors: Ulrich Sven , Strafela Marc , Fischer Julian , Ziebert Carlos , Seemann Klaus , Leiste Harald , Stüber Michael 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungAll‐Solid‐State‐Dünnschicht‐Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien haben aufgrund ihrer hohen Leistungsdichte und ihrer hohen Sicherheit ein großes Anwendungspotential, insbesondere für den Einsatz in der Mikrosystemtechnik wie MEMS, CMOS, medizinischen Implantaten und Geräten, Chipkarten, RFID, E‐Textilien und Smartphones. Festkörper‐Lithium‐Ionen‐Batterien umfassen drei Hauptbestandteile, die Kathode, den Festkörperelektrolyten und die Anode, zusätzlich zu zwei Stromsammlern für die Kathode bzw. Anode. Neben den Materialeigenschaften einzelner Komponenten sind der Kontakt der Stromsammler zur Anode und Kathode sowie die Schnittstellen zwischen Kathode, Anode und Festkörperelektrolyt von entscheidender Bedeutung für die Batterieleistung. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstatus und betrachtet die einzelnen Batteriekomponenten hinsichtlich ihrer Materialauswahl, Konstitution, Mikrostruktur sowie der physikalischen, chemischen und elektrischen Eigenschaften. Die Herausforderungen bei der Aufskalierung werden ebenfalls diskutiert.
Geregeltes Reaktivsputtern von Planar‐ und Rohrkathoden
Authors: Radny Tobias , Grub Sebastian , Schäfer Rolf , Schütte Thomas 
Published: September 2017

ZusammenfassungIn diesem Beitrag werden grundlegende Eigenschaften von reaktiven Sputterprozessen aufgezeigt und die Auswirkung der verwendeten Magnetrontechnik diskutiert. Weiterhin werden Regelmöglichkeiten zur Stabiliserung solcher Prozesse aufgezeigt. Am Beispiel optischer Breitbandspektroskopie des Sputterplasmas wird die Integration solcher Regelungen in die Anlagentechnik beschrieben und ein Ausblick auf Anwendungen neben der Regelung reaktiver Prozesse gegeben. Zum Abschluss werden Beispielanwendungen aufgezeigt und die Vorteile geregelter Prozesse gegenüber ungeregelter reaktiver Prozesse diskutiert.
Geochemical Appraisal of Mine Discharge and Tailing at Malanjkhand Copper Mine, India
Authors: Equeenuddin Sk. Md. , Panda Abhijit , Singh Vishal , Sahoo Prafulla Kumar , Sahu Subhashis , Basantray Sumit Kumar 
Published: September 2017

Abstract
The Malanjkhand copper deposit, which is the largest open cast copper mine in Asia, is located in central India. The detailed hydrogeochemical study indicates that mine discharges are mostly highly acidic (pH 3.4–6.1) with very high concentration of Cu (9.2–60.8 mg/L). Water releases from the tailing pond is also acidic in nature (pH 2.39–2.48) and contains high concentration of Cu (15.6–65.2 mg/L). The water quality of the mine discharges and tailing is mainly affected by the oxidation of chalcopyrite, which presents abundantly in the host rock along with minor amount of pyrite. The blue coloured secondary mineral that precipitates along the course of the mine effluents is dominated by amorphous copper hydroxysulfate. Alpersite, gypsum, epsomite and hexahydrite occur as efflorescent salts during the summer time, and store very high concentration of metals. Alpersite contains Zn (285-391 mg/kg), Ni (62-78 mg/kg) and Cu (7.8-10.9%) whereas epsomite contains Zn (132-160 mg/kg), Ni (35-43 mg/kg) and Cu (3465-4184 mg/kg). Among the trace elements in tailing, Cu has the highest concentration ranges (98.2–4492 mg/kg) followed by Mn (131.4–760 mg/kg), Zn (54.3–241 mg/kg), Ni (25.7–170.3 mg/kg), Pb (12.5–46.4 mg/kg) and Cd (0.72–1.48 mg/kg). Tailing rich with efflorescent salt has maximum concentration of metals as well as maximum potential for releasing metals into the aqueous system.
Race, Remarital Status, and Infertility in 1910: More Evidence of Multiple Causes
Authors: London Andrew S. , Elman Cheryl 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe dominant approach to studying historical race-related fertility differences has been to limit samples to first-married and younger women. We argue that studying historical race-related fertility differences in the context of remarriage is also important: remarriage and fertility patterns are both rooted in the biosocial conditions that produce racial disparities in health. We employ a multiple causes framework that attributes variation in fertility patterns to voluntary limitation and involuntary factors (infecundity/subfecundity). We use data from the 1910 Integrated Public Use Microdata Series and estimate zero-inflated negative binomial models that simultaneously distinguish those who are infecund (vs. fecund) and estimate the number of remarital births among the fecund. Our approach allows us to evaluate historical remarital (in)fertility differences, accounting for marital, socioeconomic, and geographic influences on fecundity and fertility, while empirically accounting for the influence of children “missing” from the household due to mortality and fostering/aging out. Consistent with past studies that emphasized poorer African American health as a major influence on involuntary infertility, we find that African American women were more likely than white women to be in the always-zero (infecund) group and to have fewer remarital births. Supplemental analyses nuance these findings but indicate that these results are robust. Overall, we find support for a multiple-causes perspective: while the findings are consistent with the adoption of deliberate fertility control among urban and higher-status women at higher parities, remarital fertility differences in 1910 also reflected greater infecundity/subfecundity among subgroups of women, especially African American women.
Back to Basics: Pneumatic Tourniquet Use
Authors: Spruce Lisa 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPneumatic tourniquets are commonly used in surgeries involving the limbs to achieve a nearly bloodless surgery and an optimal operating field or when administering regional anesthesia during surgery on a limb. Complications can arise from the use of tourniquets, including nerve injuries, pain, compartment syndrome, pressure injuries, chemical burns, and tissue necrosis. More serious injuries—including deep vein thrombosis, thermal damage to tissues, severe ischemic injuries, and rhabdomyolysis—also can occur. Therefore, it is important for perioperative team members to understand how to use pneumatic tourniquets effectively and safely to provide the best possible care to patients. This article addresses the safety risks to patients when using pneumatic tourniquets and optimal safe use of these devices.
Negative social comparisons and psychosis proneness in a healthy adolescent population
Authors: Cotier F.A. , Toulopoulou T. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThere is growing evidence of an association between negative social comparisons (NSC) and both psychosis, and psychosis proneness. The majority of the work thus far, however, has focused largely on one type of NSC, namely, social rank. Whilst social rank is clearly an important factor, an individual's perception of belonging is likely also of importance; particularly, when considering individuals from collectivistic cultures such as China, where greater emphasis is placed on fitting into the group. There is also limited research investigating what factors may contribute towards the relationship between NSC and psychosis proneness, and to what extent this relationship may be due to common familial factors. To address these issues, we examined whether (1) Social rank and perceived belonging predict negative, positive and depressive psychotic experiences in a Chinese, adolescent, twin and sibling population, (2) coping styles moderate the impact of these relationships and (3), there is a familial association between NSC and psychosis proneness. Both social rank and perceived belonging were found to predict the negative and depressive dimensions of psychosis. These relationships were moderated by problem-focused coping styles. Interestingly, the association between perception of belonging, and negative psychotic experiences was familial—and stronger in Monozygotic twins—indicating perhaps shared aetiology due to common genes. Our findings highlight NSC as potential vulnerability markers for negative and depressive psychotic experiences, and suggest potentially different aetiological pathways amongst different NSC and different psychotic experiences. On a clinical level, our findings emphasize the need to consider coping styles when treating at-risk individuals.
An evaluation of the BrainLAB 6D ExacTrac/Novalis Tx System for image-guided intracranial radiotherapy
Authors: Montgomery Claire , Collins Mark 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeStereotactic-fractionated radiotherapy and radiosurgery (RS) for benign and malignant intracranial lesions relies on a very high degree of accuracy in dose alignment due to the ablative dose delivered, and therefore requires a high-precision image guidance modality. The aim of this review is to investigate the localisation and verification accuracy performance of ExacTrac (ET) and Novalis Tx System.Materials and methodsA systematic review of the database Science Direct was carried out using search terms ‘stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT)’ and ‘ET’. All articles before 2000 were excluded. Only articles that involved intracranial lesions, with the exception of one article, were included in the final review.ResultsResults from gold standard Hidden Target Tests and patient data show that patient position can be reproduced within 1·0 mm with the use of ET imaging. In addition, the 6 degrees of freedom algorithm function of ET allows for better translational accuracy as well optimal positioning when rotations are corrected for. Studies showed excellent correlation (p<0·01) between bony ET images and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) soft tissue registration, evidencing the safe reliance of bony anatomy for image guidance via ET. Shifts were found to be comparable between CBCT and ET.ConclusionThere is the need for regular calibration to prevent systematic errors and potential geographic miss. However, due to ET’s additional benefits, including reduced concomitant dose and faster imaging time, ET is the superior image guidance modality for RS/SRT in the treatment of intracranial lesions.
Minimal point volumetric outlining and editing for radiotherapy treatment planning
Authors: Bridge Pete , Fielding Andrew , Rowntree Pamela , Pullar Andrew 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPurposeA novel radiotherapy outlining application uses a small number of user-assigned points across orthogonal planes to generate a mesh which is then edited across multiple slices using innovative three-dimensional (3D) sculpting tools. This paper presents the results of a bladder outlining study that compared times and volumes for the new tool with those of a conventional manual outlining tool.Materials and methodsAll students undertaking their first University radiotherapy planning module were invited to participate. Following training, they performed a timed outlining of the same male bladder dataset and provided feedback on their preferred method.ResultsComparison of times from the resulting ten datasets demonstrated that the 3D segmentation tool was significantly faster than conventional software with a mean time of 11·9 minutes compared with 19·2 minutes (p=0·03). The users expressed a preference for the new tool (eight users) over the conventional outlining software (two users).ConclusionsA minimal point 3D volumetric manual outlining tool utilising orthogonal computed tomography planes demonstrated significant time saving for bladder segmentation compared with axial-based outlining within a group of novice outliners. Future work aims to establish the role of the 3D multi-slice sculpting tools in editing of auto-segmentation derived contour sets.
Capture of organic iodides from nuclear waste by metal-organic framework-based molecular traps
Authors: Li Baiyan , Dong Xinglong , Wang Hao , Ma Dingxuan , Tan Kui , Jensen Stephanie , Deibert Benjamin J. , Butler Joseph , Cure Jeremy , Shi Zhan , Thonhauser Timo , Chabal Yves J. , Han Yu , Li Jing 
Published: September 2017

AbstractEffective capture of radioactive organic iodides from nuclear waste remains a significant challenge due to the drawbacks of current adsorbents such as low uptake capacity, high cost, and non-recyclability. We report here a general approach to overcome this challenge by creating radioactive organic iodide molecular traps through functionalization of metal-organic framework materials with tertiary amine-binding sites. The molecular trap exhibits a high CH3I saturation uptake capacity of 71 wt% at 150 °C, which is more than 340% higher than the industrial adsorbent Ag0@MOR under identical conditions. These functionalized metal-organic frameworks also serve as good adsorbents at low temperatures. Furthermore, the resulting adsorbent can be recycled multiple times without loss of capacity, making recyclability a reality. In combination with its chemical and thermal stability, high capture efficiency and low cost, the adsorbent demonstrates promise for industrial radioactive organic iodides capture from nuclear waste. The capture mechanism was investigated by experimental and theoretical methods.
In vivo quantitative imaging of tumor pH by nanosonophore assisted multispectral photoacoustic imaging
Authors: Jo Janggun , Lee Chang H. , Kopelman Raoul , Wang Xueding 
Published: September 2017

AbstractChanges of physiological pH are correlated with several pathologies, therefore the development of more effective medical pH imaging methods is of paramount importance. Here, we report on an in vivo pH mapping nanotechnology. This subsurface chemical imaging is based on tumor-targeted, pH sensing nanoprobes and multi-wavelength photoacoustic imaging (PAI). The nanotechnology consists of an optical pH indicator, SNARF-5F, 5-(and-6)-Carboxylic Acid, encapsulated into polyacrylamide nanoparticles with surface modification for tumor targeting. Facilitated by multi-wavelength PAI plus a spectral unmixing technique, the accuracy of pH measurement inside the biological environment is not susceptible to the background optical absorption of biomolecules, i.e., hemoglobins. As a result, both the pH levels and the hemodynamic properties across the entire tumor can be quantitatively evaluated with high sensitivity and high spatial resolution in in vivo cancer models. The imaging technology reported here holds the potential for both research on and clinical management of a variety of cancers.
In situ wrapping of the cathode material in lithium-sulfur batteries
Authors: Hu Chenji , Chen Hongwei , Shen Yanbin , Lu Di , Zhao Yanfei , Lu An-Hui , Wu Xiaodong , Lu Wei , Chen Liwei 
Published: September 2017

AbstractWhile lithium–sulfur batteries are poised to be the next-generation high-density energy storage devices, the intrinsic polysulfide shuttle has limited their practical applications. Many recent investigations have focused on the development of methods to wrap the sulfur material with a diffusion barrier layer. However, there is a trade-off between a perfect preassembled wrapping layer and electrolyte infiltration into the wrapped sulfur cathode. Here, we demonstrate an in situ wrapping approach to construct a compact layer on carbon/sulfur composite particles with an imperfect wrapping layer. This special configuration suppresses the shuttle effect while allowing polysulfide diffusion within the interior of the wrapped composite particles. As a result, the wrapped cathode for lithium–sulfur batteries greatly improves the Coulombic efficiency and cycle life. Importantly, the capacity decay of the cell at 1000 cycles is as small as 0.03% per cycle at 1672 mA g–1.
Measurement of gut permeability using fluorescent tracer agent technology
Authors: Dorshow Richard B. , Hall-Moore Carla , Shaikh Nurmohammad , Talcott Michael R. , Faubion William A. , Rogers Thomas E. , Shieh Jeng Jong , Debreczeny Martin P. , Johnson James R. , Dyer Roy B. , Singh Ravinder J. , Tarr Phillip I. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe healthy gut restricts macromolecular and bacterial movement across tight junctions, while increased intestinal permeability accompanies many intestinal disorders. Dual sugar absorption tests, which measure intestinal permeability in humans, present challenges. Therefore, we asked if enterally administered fluorescent tracers could ascertain mucosal integrity, because transcutaneous measurement of differentially absorbed molecules could enable specimen-free evaluation of permeability. We induced small bowel injury in rats using high- (15 mg/kg), intermediate- (10 mg/kg), and low- (5 mg/kg) dose indomethacin. Then, we compared urinary ratios of enterally administered fluorescent tracers MB-402 and MB-301 to urinary ratios of sugar tracers lactulose and rhamnose. We also tested the ability of transcutaneous sensors to measure the ratios of absorbed fluorophores. Urinary fluorophore and sugar ratios reflect gut injury in an indomethacin dose dependent manner. The fluorophores generated smooth curvilinear ratio trajectories with wide dynamic ranges. The more chaotic sugar ratios had narrower dynamic ranges. Fluorophore ratios measured through the skin distinguished indomethacin-challenged from same day control rats. Enterally administered fluorophores can identify intestinal injury in a rat model. Fluorophore ratios are measureable through the skin, obviating drawbacks of dual sugar absorption tests. Pending validation, this technology should be considered for human use.
Port-based teleportation in arbitrary dimension
Authors: Studziński Michał , Strelchuk Sergii , Mozrzymas Marek , Horodecki Michał 
Published: September 2017

AbstractPort-based teleportation (PBT), introduced in 2008, is a type of quantum teleportation protocol which transmits the state to the receiver without requiring any corrections on the receiver’s side. Evaluating the performance of PBT was computationally intractable and previous attempts succeeded only with small systems. We study PBT protocols and fully characterize their performance for arbitrary dimensions and number of ports. We develop new mathematical tools to study the symmetries of the measurement operators that arise in these protocols and belong to the algebra of partially transposed permutation operators. First, we develop the representation theory of the mentioned algebra which provides an elegant way of understanding the properties of subsystems of a large system with general symmetries. In particular, we introduce the theory of the partially reduced irreducible representations which we use to obtain a simpler representation of the algebra of partially transposed permutation operators and thus explicitly determine the properties of any port-based teleportation scheme for fixed dimension in polynomial time.