bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Processing optimization with parallel computing for the J-PET scanner
Authors: Krzemień Wojciech , Bała Mateusz , Bednarski Tomasz , Białas Piotr , Czerwiński Eryk , Gajos Aleksander , Gorgol Marek , Jasińska Bożena , Kamińska Daria , Kapłon Łukasz , Korcyl Grzegorz , Kowalski Paweł , Kozik Tomasz , Kubicz Ewelina , Niedźwiecki Szymon , Pałka Marek , Raczyński Lech , Rudy Zbigniew , Rundel Oleksandr , Sharma Neha Gupta , Silarski Michał , Słomski Artur , Stola Karol , Strzelecki Adam , Trybek Damian , Wieczorek Anna , Wiślicki Wojciech , Zieliński Marcin , Zgardzińska Bożena , Moskal Paweł 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The Jagiellonian Positron Emission Tomograph (J-PET) collaboration is developing a prototype time of flight (TOF)-positron emission tomograph (PET) detector based on long polymer scintillators. This novel approach exploits the excellent time properties of the plastic scintillators, which permit very precise time measurements. The very fast field programmable gate array (FPGA)-based front-end electronics and the data acquisition system, as well as low- and high-level reconstruction algorithms were specially developed to be used with the J-PET scanner. The TOF-PET data processing and reconstruction are time and resource demanding operations, especially in the case of a large acceptance detector that works in triggerless data acquisition mode. In this article, we discuss the parallel computing methods applied to optimize the data processing for the J-PET detector. We begin with general concepts of parallel computing and then we discuss several applications of those techniques in the J-PET data processing.
Understanding electron-positron momentum densities in solids: effect of the positron distribution
Authors: Rubaszek Anna 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The influence of the positron distribution on the electron-positron (e-p) momentum densities (MDs) is studied in terms of the l (l = s, p, d, f) character of the initial electronic state. The effect of the positron is discussed for momenta in the extended and reduced zone scheme on the example of Al (simple metal), Cu (metal with almost filled d shell), and Cr (transition metal). Present result indicates a weak sensitivity of the e-p MD inside the central Fermi surface to the positron charge density for the delocalized s and p electrons. In the case of d states, the effect of the positron on the relevant contribution to the e-p MD directly reflects the degree of localization of d electrons in the electron density of states.
Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy study of roller burnished magnesium alloy
Authors: Zaleski Radosław , Zaleski Kazimierz , Gorgol Marek 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The effect of roller burnishing on Vickers’ hardness and positron lifetimes in the AZ91HP magnesium alloy was studied. The microhardness increases with an increase in the burnishing force and with a decrease in the feed. The comparison of various methods of analysis of positron annihilation lifetime (PAL) spectra allowed identification of two components, which are related to solute-vacancy complexes and vacancy clusters, respectively. It was found that the increase in microhardness was related to the increase in the concentration of vacancy clusters.
A new basis for natural religion? Recent explanations of religion and their challenges to contemporary philosophy of religion
Authors: Henriksen Jan-Olav 
Published: December 2015

SummaryRecent studies based on evolutionary approaches to human life, among them the so-called Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR), point to a variety of natural conditions for religion. These studies then re-open the whole discussion about natural religion from a non-theological angle. They thereby also allow for a new discussion about the conditions for understanding religion in general. The question about evolved natural conditions for, and concrete historical content of, religion is addressed from both the point of view of Schleiermacher’s philosophy of religion, and N. Barrett’s integrative scientific critique of CSR. The present argument suggests that more emphasis should be on the concrete experiences articulated in a religious context, and accordingly, also more openness for a perspective on religion that allows for a first- and second-person perspective.
Varieties of Unbelief: A Taxonomy of Atheistic Positions
Authors: Vainio Olli-Pekka , Visala Aku 
Published: December 2015

SummaryIn this article, we provide a classification of contemporary atheism based on the kinds of worldviews and beliefs atheists hold. We suggest that at least four general types of atheism can be distinguished: scientistic atheism, philosophical atheism, tragic atheism and humanistic atheism, which can then be divided to various subclasses. With this classification, we aim to challenge the view that atheism is not a belief system but merely the lack of belief in some transcendent being. Moreover, there seems to be no single atheism
Foraging for Farmers?
Authors: Dusseldorp Gerrit L. , Amkreutz Luc W. S. W. 
Published: December 2015

Neue Studien betonen hinsichtlich der Neolithisierung Nordwesteuropas ein Mosaik verschiedener Prozesse. Dennoch scheint es möglich, einheitliche Merkmale zu identifizieren, die die Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft überregional beeinflussten. Der folgende Beitrag hebt die Bedeutung evolutionärer Prozesse für die Neolithisierung hervor, dies mit einem Fokus auf die südlichen Niederlande. Jene Regionen zeichnen sich durch vielfältige Biome aus, in denen die Übernahme der Landwirtschaft auf unterschiedlichem Wege erfolgte. Analysiert werden dabei sich jeweils ergebende Vorteile für die körperliche Verfasstheit der beteiligten Akteure durch die Kombination von Nahrungssuche und Landwirtschaft.Die Autoren vermuten, dass die Ernährungsstrategien der Menschen von den vielfältigen Substraten unterschiedlich beeinflußt wurden, und dies sich darüber hinaus auch zwischen den Geschlechtern erkennen läßt. Bezüglich der Frage, ob und wie neolithische Innovationen übernommen wurden, werden daher für Männer und Frauen unterschiedliche Strategien sichtbar, die verfügbaren Resourcen jeweils „optimal“ zu nutzen.Les études récentes ont souligné le caractère en mosaïque du processus de néolithisation dans le nordouest de l’Europe. Il est cependant possible d’identifier à travers les différentes régions certains objectifs majeurs qui ont influencé l’adoption de l’agriculture. Nous modélisons l’importance des processus évolutionnaires à la base de la néolithisation. Nous nous concentrons sur la partie méridionale des Pays-Bas, où l’agriculture a été adoptée suivant des trajectoires bien distincts dans différents biomes. Nous analysons cette transition selon les avantages physiques que la cueillette et l’agriculture ont pu apporter aux acteurs concernés. Nous proposons que divers substrats offrent différents avantages concernant l’adoption de l’agriculture et suggérons que ces avantages variaient selon les sexes, c’est-à-dire que les stratégies « optimales » par rapport à l’adoption et du mode d’adoption des innovations néolithiques différaient entre hommes et femmes.Recent studies emphasise the mosaic character of the process of neolithisation in north-western Europe. However, some overarching motives influencing the uptake of farming can be identified across regions. We model the importance of evolutionary processes underlying neolithisation. We focus on the southern part of the Low Countries, where the uptake of agriculture follows distinct trajectories in different biomes. We analyse the transition in terms of fitness benefits that foraging and agriculture bestow on the actors involved. We suggest that different substrates offer different fitness benefits with regard to the uptake of farming and that these benefits differed between the sexes, leading to differing “optimal” strategies for males and females regarding whether and how to adopt Neolithic innovations.
“Will you fuck off please”. The use of please by London teenagers
Authors: Aijmer Karin 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The paper investigates how the politeness marker please is used by young people to distinguish themselves from adults and create an identity of their own. The analysis of please is based on the Bergen Corpus of London Teenage Language (COLT). The distribution and uses of please in COLT are compared with similar data from the British component of the International Corpus of English (ICE-GB). We can recognize several functions of the “impolite” please in the COLT Corpus. To begin with, it is used strategically to establish or confirm harmonious relationships between the speakers (rapport-strengthening impoliteness). Secondly, “mock impoliteness” may be understood in a positive way because it is amusing or entertaining. In young people’s circles entertainment skills are for example highly valued (entertainment impoliteness). Finally, impoliteness is used creatively in interaction by the participants who use repetition, reformulation and escalation to construct ritualized sequences of apparent insults (creative impoliteness).
Assesment of Alkali Resistance of Basalt Used as Concrete Aggregates
Authors: al-Swaidani Aref M. , Baddoura Mohammad K. , Aliyan Samira D. , Choeb Walid 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The objective of this paper is to report a part of an ongoing research on the influence of using crushed basalt as aggregates on one of durability-related properties of concrete (i.e. alkali-silica reaction which is the most common form of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction). Alkali resistance has been assessed through several methods specified in the American Standards. Results of petrographic examination, chemical test (ASTM C289) and accelerated mortar bar test (ASTM C1260) have particularly been reported. In addition, the weight change and compressive strength of 28 days cured concrete containing basaltic aggregates were also reported after 90 days of exposure to 10% NaOH solution. Dolomite aggregate were used in the latter test for comparison. The experimental results revealed that basaltic rocks quarried from As-Swaida’a region were suitable for production of aggregates for concrete. According to the test results, the studied basalt aggregates can be classified as innocuous with regard to alkali-silica reaction. Further, the 10% sodium hydroxide attack did not affect the compressive strength of concrete.
Hyperspectral imaging applied to end-of-life (EOL) concrete recycling
Authors: Bonifazi Giuseppe , Palmieri Roberta , Serranti Silvia 
Published: December 2015

Abstract
The recovery of
materials from DW is an important target of the recycling industry and it is
important to know which materials are present in order to set up efficient
sorting and/or quality control actions. The
implementation of an automatic recognition system of recovered products from
End-Of-Life (EOL) concrete
materials can be a useful way to maximize DW conversion into secondary raw
materials. In this paper a new
approach, based on HyperSpectral Imaging (HSI)
sensors, is investigated in order to develop suitable
and low cost strategies finalized to the preliminary detection and
characterization of materials constituting Demolition Waste (DW) flow
stream. Results showed that it is possible to recognize
DW materials and to distinguish the recycled aggregates from the
investigated contaminants (brick,
gypsum, plastic, wood and
foam).
Children in Institutional Households of Late Uruk Period Mesopotamia
Authors: Bartash Vitali 
Published: December 2015

Abstract:The article discusses references to children in cuneiform records from Southern Mesopotamia dating to the Uruk III/Jemdet Nasr period (ca. 3000 B. C.). They confirm the presence of infants and children among the personnel of institutional households. Documents offer two patterns of classifying humans. The first describes individuals as male or female and then distinguishes between adults, children and babies. The second disregards gender but offers six age groups instead, four of which refer to children. The article summarizes and interprets the information these early economic records provide on the gender and age groups of children. It shows how officials of institutional households in ancient Sumer defined the childhood of their dependents.
Law for what ails the heart: Moral frailty in Psalm 86
Authors: Lasater Phillip Michael 
Published: December 2015

Abstract: Psalm 86 is a text that displays intertextual engagement with Exodus 32–34 and Jeremiah 30–33, both of which are older than the psalm. In studies of Psalm 86, a neglected issue is its anthropology, particularly the notion of the »divided heart«, which, according to the psalmist, is an ethical and theological problem that can only be solved by receiving instruction from Yhwh – an instruction that can »unify« the divided heart. By paying attention to the psalmist’s application and reworking of older texts, as well as to the Rabbinic reception of Psalm 86, one can see how this text is part of an exilic and post-exilic conversation about human sinfulness as a flaw in human nature that impairs moral agency.Zusammenfassung: Psalm 86 enthält intertextuelle Verbindungen mit Exodus 32–34 und Jeremia 30–33. Diese Texte aus dem Pentateuch und den Propheten sind älter als Psalm 86. Ein bisher in der Forschung vernachlässigtes Thema in diesem Psalm ist die implizierte Anthropologie, die sich an der Rede über das »geteilte Herz« festmachen lässt. Dieses gilt in diesem Kontext als ethisches und theologisches Problem, das nur durch eine göttliche Weisung gelöst werden kann, weil diese Lehre das Herz »einigt«. Wenn man beachtet, wie einerseits der Psalmist ältere Texte übernimmt und überarbeitet und wie andererseits Psalm 86 in der rabbinischen Literatur rezipiert wird, zeigt sich, dass Psalm 86 an einem Gespräch in exilischer und nachexilischer Zeit teilnimmt, in welchem die Sünde als ein Makel der menschlichen Natur thematisiert wird, der die moralische Handlungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigt.Résumé: L’intertextualité qu’on observe entre le Psaume 86, Exode 32–34 et Jérémie 30–33 suggère que le Psaume 86 date de l’époque exilique ou post-exilique. En ce qui concerne la supplication du v. 11 on n’a guère prêté attention au motif du »coeur divisé«. Selon le Psalmiste, il s’agit-là d’un problème éthique et théologique qui peut seulement être résolu grâce à l’instruction venant de Yhwh. C’est une instruction »unifiante« liée d’une manière intrinsèque à la divine חסד. La reprise d’autres textes dans ce Psaume ainsi que sa récéption rabbinique montrent que le Ps 86 fait partie d’une discussion exilique et post-exilique sur la condition pécheresse, une condition qui entrave le libre arbitre.
»Whoring after the mōlek« in Leviticus 20,5. A text-critical examination
Authors: Dewrell Heath D. 
Published: December 2015

Abstract: In scholarly discussion of the nature of the so-called למלך offerings mentioned several times in the Hebrew Bible, one especially contentious issue has been the meaning of the phrase למלך itself. While it has traditionally been translated »to (the god) Molek«, Otto Eissfeldt famously proposed that it should instead be translated »as a mōlek(-sacrifice)«. While some have been convinced by Eissfeldt’s arguments, thus far his thesis has failed to deliver a scholarly consensus. One major issue of contention is the phrase »to whore after the mōlek« (לזנות אחרי למלך) in Lev 20,5, which many scholars have argued is incompatible with Eissfeldt’s proposal. Careful text-critical examination of the verse, however, reveals that the phrase in question is in actuality likely the result of a textual corruption and, in its original form, may actually serve to establish Eissfeldt’s thesis, rather than refuting it.Zusammenfassung: In der wissenschaftlichen Diskussion um die mehrmals in der hebräischen Bibel erwähnten sogenannten למלך-Opfer war besonders der Ausdruck למלך selbst umstritten. Anstelle der traditionellen Übersetzung »für (den Gott) Molek« hat Otto Eissfeldt die Übersetzung »als mōlek(-opfer)« vorgeschlagen. Obwohl Eissfeldts Argumente teilweise auf positive Resonanz stießen, konnten sie bisher keinen wissenschaftlichen Konsens erzielen. Einen der Hauptstreitpunkte stellt der Ausdruck »dem mōlek nachhuren« (לזנות אחרי למלך) in Lev 20,5 dar. Er wird zumeist für unvereinbar mit Eissfeldts These gehalten. Eine sorgfältige textkritische Untersuchung des Verses zeigt jedoch, dass der fragliche Ausdruck wahrscheinlich das Ergebnis einer Textverderbnis ist. Die ursprüngliche Form könnte Eissfeldts These stützen, statt sie zu widerlegen.Résumé: Dans la discussion scientifique de la nature des dits sacrifices למלך mentionnés à plusieurs reprises dans la Bible hébraïque, une question particulièrement controversée a été le sens de l’expression למלך elle-même. Alors qu’elle a été traditionnellement traduite par »au (dieu) Molek«, Otto Eissfeldt a fait la célèbre proposition qu’elle devrait plutôt être traduite »comme un (sacrifice) mōlek«. Alors que certains ont été convaincus par les arguments d’Eissfeldt, sa thèse n’est pas parvenue jusqu’à présent à obtenir le consensus des chercheurs. C’est surtout l’expression »se prostituer à la suite de mōlek« (לזנות אחרי למלך) en Lev 20,5 qui pose un problème: de nombreux chercheurs ont fait valoir qu’elle était incompatible avec la proposition d’Eissfeldt. Une critique textuelle soignée du verset, cependant, révèle que l’expression en question est en réalité probablement le résultat d’une corruption du texte et que, dans sa forme originale, elle peut en fait servir à établir la thèse d’Eissfeldt, plutôt que la réfuter.
An unnoticed pun at Job 20,7
Authors: Zalcman Lawrence 
Published: December 2015

Abstract: In addition to its primary meaning »those who see him«, the word רֹאָיו in Job 20,7 carries the secondary meaning »his feces« and thus continues the scatological pungency of ,גללו »his turd«, into the second half of the verse.Zusammenfassung: Zusätzlich zu seiner ursprünglichen Bedeutung »alle, die ihn sehen«, hat רֹאָיו in Hi 20,7 noch die weitere Bedeutung »sein Kot« und setzt damit in der zweiten Hälfte des Verses die Fäkalsprache von גללו , »seine Scheißhaufen«, fort.Résumé: En complément à sa signification originale (»ceux qui le voient«), le mot רֹאָיו comporte en Job 20,7 le sens secondaire de »ses excréments« et poursuit par là, dans la deuxième partie du verset, la coloration scatologique du mot גללו »sa crotte«.
Teorías para explicar el origen, construcción y establecimiento de la agenda sociopolítica
Authors: Carreón Guillén Javier , Hernández Valdés Jorge 
Published: December 2015

El origen, construcción y establecimiento de una agenda sociopolítica implica actores que no necesariamente se relacionan directamente, sino que utilizan medios para difundir información acerca de los temas de sus agendas. En el caso del Estado, los medios de comunicación tales como televisión, radio y prensa son empleados para influir en la opinión ciudadana cuando de la evaluación de políticas públicas se trata. Por su parte, la ciudadanía a través de las redes sociales como Twitter y Facebook ha influido en el ejercicio profesional de los comunicadores. De este modo, la influencia de los medios sobre las políticas públicas a través de la opinión pública ha sido rebasada. En este sentido, el objetivo del presente trabajo es exponer los marcos teóricos para explicar las relaciones entre los actores involucrados en el establecimiento de la agenda pública. Este ejercicio permitirá discernir los modos de influencia entre los actores y la emergencia o permanencia de temas en la agenda nacional.
Diferencias por género en el discurso publicitario impreso de la industria farmacéutica durante los primeros años del México postrevolucionario
Authors: Molina Carmona Edith , Ramos Rodríguez José Manuel 
Published: December 2015

A partir de la idea de los “regímenes de saber”, es decir, el conjunto de sentidos construidos históricamente sobre algún asunto de interés para la sociedad a través de discursos estructurantes que se imponen como válidos, se analizó la publicidad impresa sobre medicamentos aparecida en la prensa mexicana del año 1928. Tomando como base algunas propuestas de Patrick Charaudeau acerca del “contrato de comunicación” en los productos mediáticos, se encontraron claras diferencias de género en lo que hace a la relación que mujer y hombre mantienen hacia el binomio salud-enfermedad y los roles que de esta relación se derivan. En esta etapa fundacional de la publicidad masiva asociada el surgimiento de la modernización en México se encuentran algunas claves de los regímenes de saber vigentes en este campo.
Semiótica de la tipología arquitectónica popular mexicana: los símbolos de poder, éxito y machismo
Authors: Pineda Almanza Alma 
Published: December 2015

La arquitectura como forma de expresión, toma en la arquitectura popular sus significados particulares de representación. En ésta se expresan principalmente los logros y las deficiencias en la vida cotidiana. Por esta razón cuando se tienen las posibilidades económicas de “arreglar” la casa, se vierten en ella ideales como parte de un imaginario popular.Es así que la semiótica toma forma, en todos estos detalles de expresión, que en la comunidad suelen tener una lectura clara, es decir se arregla la casa para indicar al resto que se tiene posibilidades económicas, superioridad o incluso poder y machismo
Sustentabilidad y calidad de vida urbana
Authors: Hernández-Rejón Elda M. 
Published: December 2015

En México el crecimiento urbano descontrolado aunado a la falta de planificación, ha generado, sin duda importantes desequilibrios territoriales, desigualdades sociales, exclusión, además del incremento de los problemas de habitabilidad de las áreas urbanas; problemas tales como: pobreza, inseguridad, congestión vial, vivienda, desempleo, desigualdad ante el acceso a los servicios públicos, contaminación atmosférica, acústica, paisajística y por residuos sólidos urbanos e industriales, ocupación irregular del suelo, vulnerabilidad ante desastres, entre otros. El tratamiento de la problemática del territorio, en el contexto de la planeación urbana en pro de la mejora de la calidad de vida, demanda incluir los elementos del desarrollo sostenible. Este artículo aborda los problemas urbanos de la pobreza, falta de vivienda, asentamientos ilegales, y residuos sólidos urbanos, ya que al conjugarlos en el territorio se tiene como resultado una amenaza a la sustentabilidad del área urbana donde se desarrolla.