bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Heat and mass transfer in tri‐layer ependymal ciliary transport with diverse viscosity
Authors: Shaheen Sidra , Huang Hulin , Arain Muhmmad Bilal , Ijaz Nouman , Saleem Salman 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSpecialized cilia known as ependymal cilia help the cerebrospinal fluid, which is important for nutrient delivery and waste elimination, to circulate in the brain. Many species rely on cilia and flagella for fluid movement and motility. Cilia and flagella, for instance, produce propulsive forces that allow unicellular creatures like Paramecium and Euglena to move through their surroundings. Ciliary transport plays a role in the flow of egg cells, or oocytes, via the fallopian tubes in the female reproductive system. The transfer of the egg towards the uterus is facilitated by the synchronized wave‐like motion produced by the cilia lining the fallopian tubes. Like this, ciliary transport in men aids in the passage of sperm cells via the epididymis. Many scientists and researchers are studying the mechanics of cilia motion and the properties of the viscoelastic fluid layer to develop new treatments and applications in biomedical engineering and for some diseases. Motivated by a wide range of biological applications, the objective of this study is to investigate the heat and mass transfer flow of tri‐layered Newtonian fluids flowing with the help of ciliary beating in a Cartesian coordinate. The fluid is incompressible, and fluid layers are not intermixed. The fluid flow with heat and mass transfer is first modelled in wave and then transmuted into fixed. Solutions for temperature profile, velocity distribution, stresses and concentration distribution are obtained. The influence of incipient parameters is displayed with graphs and plotted with the computational software MATHEMATICA 13.0 in the results section. The key findings obtained from graphs show that the maximum magnitude for temperature and velocity is achieved in the middle layer of fluid whereas in the outer layer concentration profile is maximum. It is predicted that this approach will make an essential contribution to the progress and enhancement of various types of drug delivery systems in the biomedical industry and biomechanics.
The Data Governance Process Within the Digital Chain of Custody
Authors: Pestana Gabriel , Carvalho Luís M. , Chmel Sebastian 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe management of a digital chain of custody (dCoC) for collected samples in chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and explosive (CBRNE) incidents lacks standardisation, leading to inconsistent practices among stakeholders within and across EU member states. This highlights the need for a digitalised approach to the chain of custody process, currently applied with paper-based forms, through a system that ensures the traceability and security of CBRNE evidence items throughout the process, including collection, transportation, analysis, storage and disposal. Establishing a standardised dCoC process across EU member states is crucial to provide evidence consistency and admissibility in court.The paper analyses a proposal submitted to the CEN/TC 391 for Technical Specifications related to a data governance workflow to preserve metadata consistency in a digital chain of custody (dCoC). Maintaining data integrity is essential to the consistency and admissibility of evidence in court. The dCoC data governance workflow provides information about digital evidence items and their metadata, such as custody ownership, transfer between stakeholders and the transfer’s purpose. Adherence to a consistent process is required to ensure the integrity of digital custody metadata (DCM), which drives stakeholders taking custodianship at each Custody Transfer Point (CTP). The proposal includes an acknowledgement process enabling stakeholders to report various levels of data inconsistency concerning the metadata recorded in the DCM.
PLOTO: Improved IWW Resilience Using Predictive Modelling, Environmentally Sustainable and Emerging Digital Technologies and Tools
Authors: Liparas Dimitris , Vamvatsikos Dimitrios , Drivas Ioannis , Zanetti Anna , Pagkozidis Alexios , Bousmar Didier , Budescu Natalia , Szabó-Aranyi Erzsébet , Melitsiotis Alexis , Vokali Themis , Melissianos Vasileios , Barmpas Fotios , Csiszár Csaba , Letnik Tomislav , Mezo Gergely , Hardy Joris , Soare Romeo , Raileanu Alina Beatrice , Kerényi Judit , Hellsten Antti 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMore than 37,000 km of waterways connect hundreds of cities and industrial regions in Europe. These inland waterways play an important role in the transport of goods. The EU-funded PLOTO project aims at studying the resilience of the infrastructure of inland waterways and that of the connected land infrastructure. The main objective of the project is to ensure reliable network availability under unfavourable conditions (e.g. extreme weather, accidents, as well as other kind of hazards). PLOTO utilises high-resolution modelling data to assess climatic risk and focuses on the design of an innovative planning tool that can run ‘what if’ impact/risk/resilience assessment scenarios.
Security Challenges in Critical Infrastructures in Transport: The PRECINCT Athens Use Case
Authors: Lymaxis Ioannis , Georgiou Eftichia 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe interrelationships between critical infrastructures (CIs) have become more complex, rendering the security and resilience management of cyber-physical attacks and natural hazard threats more challenging. The EU-funded PRECINCT project connects private and public CI stakeholders in a geographical area to a common cyber-physical security management method that will produce a protected territory for citizens and CIs. The project delivers a framework specification for systematic CI security and resilience management, a cross-facility collaborative management infrastructure enabling stakeholder communities to create PRECINCT ecosystems and increased resilience support services through PRECINCT blueprints, a vulnerability assessment tool using Serious Games and PRECINCT’s Digital Twins. PRECINCT Ecosystem will be deployed and tested in four large-scale living labs and three transferability validation demonstrators. This paper reports on the framework deployed in the Athens Living Lab pilot study and the findings concerning the user experience evaluation aspects of the PRECINCT framework conducted with intended end users.
Improved Resilience of Critical Infrastructures Against Large-Scale Transnational and Systemic Risks
Authors: Giunta Gabriele , Stira Carmen , Modic Jolanda , Čaleta Denis , Semertzidis Theodoros , Zahariadis Theodore , Skianis Charalampos 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe integrity and resilience of Critical Infrastructures (CIs) are fundamental to the security, well-being and economic prosperity of Europe. However, the increasing complexity and interconnectedness of CIs pose new challenges, as disruptions in one CI can have cascading effects across multiple sectors and countries. ATLANTIS addresses these challenges by evaluating and addressing systemic risks against major natural hazards and complex attacks that could disrupt vital functions of European society. The project focuses on improving the resilience of interconnected CIs exposed to large-scale, combined Cyber-Physical-Human (CPH) threats and hazards. By providing sustainable security solutions, ATLANTIS aims to ensure the continuity of vital operations while minimising cascading effects and enhancing the protection of the involved population and the environment. ATLANTIS will be validated and demonstrated in three large-scale cross-border and cross-sector pilots (LSPs), with a focus on improving the security of the information exchange at different levels of operation: inside individual CIs, across CIs in a national security environment and across borders between CI operators.
PERIVALLON: Improved Intelligence Picture and Operational Capacities to Combat Organised Environmental Crime
Authors: Villamor Medina Eduardo , Tsikrika Theodora , Fraternali Piero , Caldararu Luigi , Efstathiou Vasiliki , Balbierz Sandra , Skarlatos Efstathios , Korenjak Eva , Karakostas Anastasios , Di Nuovo Luca , Benolli Federico , Bellingeri Dario , Borloo Dries , Sciunnach Renato , Berggren Jimmy , Manolache Ovidiu , Petropoulos Ioannis , Bors Radu , Haimov Nir , Staniforth Andrew , Thompson Jordan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPERIVALLON is a Horizon Europe co-funded Innovation Action project, entitled ‘Protecting the European territory from organised environmental crime through intelligent threat detection tools’ that started in December 2022 and focuses on combatting organised environmental crime by: (1) delivering an environmental crime observatory aiming to provide an improved and comprehensive intelligence picture of organised environmental crime, (2) developing an environmental crime detection and investigation platform at the forefront of technological innovation and (3) improving capacity building and international cooperation of security practitioners through enhanced investigation processes. The project aims to address the needs of police authorities, border guards and regional and national authorities fighting organised environmental crime, as the main security practitioners. To materialise such ambition, the platform exploits the latest advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) in the fields of geospatial intelligence, remote sensing, online monitoring and multimodal analytics. This paper offers an initial look into the PERIVALLON project, its objectives, ambition and the technological components that will be integrated into a tailored platform that is expected to significantly increase the capacity of relevant authorities to detect, investigate and prevent environmental crimes in Europe and beyond.
Kriptosare: Behavior Analysis in Cryptocurrency Transactions
Authors: Zola Francesco , Elduayen Jon , Pallin Igor , Orduna-Urrutia Raúl 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite being backed by blockchain technology that promises security, immutability, and full transparency, some cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin have been used as enablers for many licit and illicit activities such as money laundering, terrorism financing, and ransomware payments. In this scenario, the analysis of the transactions, as well as the entities that have generated them, became a crucial step for law enforcement officer (LEO) investigations. However, the (pseudo) anonymity of the network, the lack of regulatory authority, the employment of anonymizer mechanisms, the evolution of entities’ behavior, and the emergence of new dynamics are just five of the main elements that make this task challenging. At the same time, the huge amount of information to be analyzed can result in a waste of time and resources, slowing the investigations. For this reason, in this work, we present Kriptosare, a tool able to classify entity behaviors belonging to Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, and Litecoin. On the one hand, the tool makes use of state-of-the-art machine learning techniques to reduce anonymity in the considered cryptocurrencies. This model extracts behaviors from interactions and dynamics of different known entities involved in the transactions and then predicts the behaviors of new unseen entities. On the other hand, Kriptosare includes a crypto simulator able to create and control a private Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, or Litecoin network. This unit allows the simulation of crypto transactions in a controlled way for evaluating hypotheses and/or enriching the input data. The presented tool can be used by LEOs to search and highlight the most important red flag indicators that could suggest criminal behavior, and to support their analysis by optimizing their investigation resources.
LAW-GAME: Elevating Experiential Training Through Gamification Technologies
Authors: Margariti Katerina , Velanas Pantelis , Malliarakis Christos , Soldatos John , Roussakis Vassileios 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis research paper introduces the LAW-GAME project, an innovative initiative aimed at improving law enforcement professional training using gamification technologies. LAW-GAME’s primary goal is to bridge the theoretical knowledge and practical application gap by immersing police officers in a safe and controlled virtual environment. LAW-GAME is made up of four distinct “mini games,” each of which is designed to train and evaluate police officers in critical areas of law enforcement. Within an immersive virtual environment, these modules provide comprehensive training on forensic examination, evidence collection, crime scene analysis, communication, persuasion, negotiation, counterterrorism strategies, intelligence gathering, car accident scene investigation, evidence handling, and interviewing techniques. Furthermore, LAW-GAME’s architecture incorporates cutting-edge technologies such as virtual reality devices for real-time communication and advanced artificial intelligence techniques to create an immersive and effective training platform. In addition, the paper describes the user’s journey through the LAW-GAME ecosystem, emphasizing the seamless integration of training content, immersive simulations, and real-time feedback. The user’s progress is constantly monitored, assisting in skill development and knowledge expansion. In conclusion, the LAW-GAME project represents a significant advancement in law enforcement training, addressing the growing complexities of criminal activities in the European Union. LAW-GAME equips officers with the essential competencies required to combat modern challenges by leveraging gamification and AI-assisted procedures.
Proposed Actions Toward Streamlining Cyprus Wide Prevention Strategies in Wildfire Management
Authors: Pandey Pooja , Boustras George , Coneio Miriam Arenas , Rein Guillermo 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper aims to identify the best practices for preventing wildfires in Cyprus, focusing on reducing fire ignition and managing the growth and intensity of extreme fire events. Rather than advocating for complete wildfire exclusion, the goal is to suggest strategies that minimize the likelihood of fires. To achieve this, the operational factors affecting wildfire prevention are examined using Cyprus as a case study. Recommendations for wildfire prevention are then made based on these factors. The study also proposes actions to streamline prevention activities categorized under the education component, which plays a vital role in raising awareness about wildfires. Wildfires pose a significant and recurring threat in Cyprus. Adopting an integrated approach that encompasses various initiatives, such as adult education, law enforcement, and training in preventive techniques, can help reduce the likelihood of extreme wildfire events. Therefore, this study investigates the factors influencing wildfire prevention strategies in Cyprus and offers suggestions for improvement.
PROMENADE—ImPROved Maritime awarENess by Means of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Big Data (BD) mEthods: Detection of Abnormal Behavior of Vessels Used for Smuggling and Drug Trafficking in the Ionian Sea
Authors: Astyakopoulos Alkis , Bolakis Christos , Douris Panagiotis , Moutzouris Marios , Laneve Giovanni , Millefiori Leonardo M. , Bosisio Antonio , Efstathiou Vasiliki 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPROMENADE is an EU-funded innovation project whose main objective is to improve solutions for vessel tracking, behavior analysis, and automatic anomaly detection of vessels using means like artificial intelligence (AI) and big data (BD) technologies. An open, service-based toolkit implementing “state-of-the-art” AI/BD techniques benefiting from a high-performance computing platform (HPC) is the core activity of the project aiming at improving border and external security capabilities in the maritime domain. Throughout the project, one simulated trial and three physical trials were conducted in Lithuania, Spain, and Greece. The chapter focuses on the results achieved during the Hellenic trial, which aimed to test and validate the advanced solutions of PROMENADE toolkit for improving vessel tracking and continuously detecting abnormal behavior patterns of vessels used for smuggling and human trafficking in the Ionian Sea.
EURMARS: An Advanced Surveillance Platform to Improve the European Multiauthority Border Security Efficiency and Cooperation
Authors: Mourkousis Georgios , Protonotarios Matthaios , Antoniou Chrysostomos , Kriechbaum-Zabini Andreas , Veigl Stephan , Boyle Jonathan , Chen Lulu , Voskopoulos George , Bratskas Romaios , Salmela Laura , Laarni Jari , Väätänen Antti , Toivonen Sirra , Akagi Mikio , Voicu Claudia-Iohana 
Published: September 2024

AbstractEuropean maritime border management is a complex and multifaceted task. EURMARS innovates border surveillance in Europe by addressing the main challenges of irregular migration attempts, smuggling, trafficking, as well as management of search and rescue operations and oil spill observation and monitoring in parallel with the coordination and cooperation among different authorities and agencies at the national and EU levels. EURMARS implements and intends to validate a 24/7 surveillance platform with the following characteristics: (i) provision for the integration of existing and future data sources and services; (ii) utilisation and clustering of high-altitude technology, satellite imagery, UAVs, and ground-based sensors into a joint surveillance capability to provide continuous complementary data; (iii) innovative coupling of sensors data with data fusion, AI analytics, risk assessment, and alarming functionality; (iv) flexible interoperable surveillance platform with multiauthority cooperation capabilities and verified easy-to-integrate potential for next-generation platforms and systems; and (v) performance benchmark platform to ensure acceptability by all stakeholders, including extensive technical and user acceptance tests and ethical and legal impact assessments.
SECANT: Cyberthreat Intelligence in IoMT Ecosystems
Authors: Spyros Arnolnt , Kavallieros Dimitrios , Tsikrika Theodora , Vrochidis Stefanos , Kompatsiaris Ioannis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMedical organisations are at great risk of cyberattacks. Considering the complex infrastructure, the integration of susceptible Internet of Medical Things devices and lack of appropriate cybersecurity training of the staff, both technical and medical, the healthcare domain is a common target for malicious actors. Therefore, to safeguard their infrastructure, medical organisations should implement measures such as threat assessment, encryption and cybersecurity training to address all the challenges. The SECANT platform introduces a holistic approach which includes a collaborative threat intelligence collection, analysis and sharing. In this regard, the Threat Intelligence Module (TIM) of SECANT is described in detail in this chapter, highlighting the importance of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) within the healthcare domain.
MultiRATE: EU R&D&I Readiness Level Evaluation Framework
Authors: Kavallieros Dimitrios , Valouma Katerina , Gkotsis Ilias , Darra Eleni , Tsikrika Theodora , Diagourtas Dimitrios , Vrochidis Stefanos , Kostaridis Antonis , Kompatsiaris Ioannis 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPlenty of metrics do exist, aiming to evaluate the maturity of products, systems and processes when identifying their deployment readiness. Even though an excessive effort has been made to develop new frameworks as well as update and integrate existing frameworks, calculation methodologies and indicators, it has a limited usage from the EU-funded security R&D&I projects. Thus, the development of a holistic robust scaling framework is of the utmost importance. The MultiRATE scaling framework will rely on the established readiness level approaches (where possible) and introduce new ones where needed. Finally, it will combine them into one holistic and reliable framework, focused on several readiness levels such as technology (TRL), security (SecRL), integration (IRL), commercialization (CRL), manufacturing (MRL), legal, privacy and ethics (LPERL) and societal (SocRL). This chapter provides background information and describes through a simple methodological framework how an EU-funded project or even a technology developer could use the TRL, MRL and CRL in order to evaluate the readiness of the product or system provided in the security R&D&I ecosystem.
EU-CIP: European Knowledge Hub and Policy Testbed for Critical Infrastructure Protection
Authors: Gugliandolo Emilia , Soldatos John , Abie Habtamu 
Published: September 2024

AbstractIn our interconnected world, critical infrastructure systems are essential for modern societies. However, they face increasing threats, from cyberattacks to natural disasters. To address these challenges, the EU-CIP (Critical Infrastructure Protection) mission, a 3-year Coordination and Support Action funded by the European Commission, was initiated in October 2022. This chapter presents preliminary findings from the EU-CIP-ANALYSIS activities, shedding light on the evolving landscape of critical infrastructure protection. Preliminary findings reveal key needs, including adaptability, faster responses, and improved detection capabilities. Capability gaps include poor automation and inadequate control over interconnected assets. To address these needs and gaps, the EU-CIP mission has identified a range of state-of-the-art technologies and tools, including cyber-physical threat intelligence, security risk assessment, impact assessment tools, digital twins, anomaly detection, and machine learning for pattern detection. These technologies hold the potential to significantly enhance the resilience and security of critical infrastructure systems. This chapter provides valuable insights into the evolving landscape of critical infrastructure protection and resilience, highlighting the importance of innovative solutions and collaboration among stakeholders in safeguarding the vital systems that underpin modern societies.
EU-Integrated Multifunctional Forest and Fire Management, Policies, and Practices: Challenges Between “As-Is” and “To-Be” State
Authors: Kalapodis Nikolaos , Sakkas Georgios , Lazarou Alexandre , Casciano Domenica , Demestichas Konstantinos , Athanasiou Miltiadis , Kaloudis Spyridon , Sykas Dimitrios 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper provides a comprehensive analysis of EU policies and practices in sustainable forest and wildfire management, focusing on integrated multifunctional forest management (IMFM) and integrated fire management (IFM). With climate change posing increasing risks to forests, the article explores key challenges related to multifunctionality, effective monitoring, policy coherence, community engagement, and the strategic use of prescribed fires. By examining the current strategies and identifying gaps, the study offers valuable insights to enhance forest governance and IMFM and IFM approaches. The findings underscore the importance of proactive adaptation and mitigation measures (prefire management strategies) to safeguard Europe’s forests and their crucial ecosystem services amidst evolving climatic conditions.