bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterization, drug loading and antibacterial activity of nanohydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone (nHA/PCL) electrospun membrane
Authors: Hassan Mohd Izzat , Sultana Naznin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Considering the important factor of bioactive nanohydoxyapatite (nHA) to enhance osteoconductivity or bone-bonding capacity, nHA was incorporated into an electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membrane using electrospinning techniques. The viscosity of the PCL and nHA/PCL with different concentrations of nHA was measured and the morphology of the electrospun membranes was compared using a field emission scanning electron microscopy. The water contact angle of the nanofiber determined the wettability of the membranes of different concentrations. The surface roughness of the electrospun nanofibers fabricated from pure PCL and nHA/PCL was determined and compared using atomic force microscopy. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the chemical bonding of the composite electrospun nanofibers. Beadless nanofibers were achieved after the incorporation of nHA with a diameter of 200–700 nm. Results showed that the fiber diameter and the surface roughness of electrospun nanofibers were significantly increased after the incorporation of nHA. In contrast, the water contact angle (132° ± 3.5°) was reduced for PCL membrane after addition of 10% (w/w) nHA (112° ± 3.0°). Ultimate tensile strengths of PCL membrane and 10% (w/w) nHA/PCL membrane were 25.02 ± 2.3 and 18.5 ± 4.4 MPa. A model drug tetracycline hydrochloride was successfully loaded in the membrane and the membrane demonstrated good antibacterial effects against the growth of bacteria by showing inhibition zone for E. coli (2.53 ± 0.06 cm) and B. cereus (2.87 ± 0.06 cm).
Computational modelling of the flow and heat transfer in dimpled channels
Authors: Amsha K. Abo , Craft T.J. , Iacovides H. 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe flow and heat transfer characteristics over a single dimple and an array of staggered dimples have been investigated using the Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) approach. The objective is to determine how reliably RANS models can predict this type of complex cooling flows. Three classes of low-Reynolds number RANS models have been employed to represent the turbulence. These included a linear Eddy Viscosity Model (EVM), a Non-Linear Model (NLEVM) and a Reynolds Stress transport Model (RSM). Variants of the k-ε model have been used to represent the first two categories. Steady and time-dependent simulations have been carried out at a bulk Reynolds number of around 5,000 with dimple print diameter to channel height ratios of D/H = 1.0, 2.0 and ratios of dimple depth to channel height of δ/H = 0.2, 0.4. The linear EVM and the RSM tested both produce symmetric circulations in the dimples, while the NLEVM produces an asymmetric pattern. The mean velocity profiles predicted numerically are generally in good agreement with the data. The main flow characteristics are reproduced by the RANS models, but some predictive deviations from available data point to the need for further investigations. All models report an overall enhancement in heat transfer levels when using dimples in comparison to those of a plane channel.
Rethinking International Legal Standards for the Protection of Migrant Workers: The Case for a “Core Rights” Approach
Authors: Ruhs Martin 
Published: July 2017

The UN General Assembly decided in September 2016 that it would
start negotiations leading to an international conference and the adoption of a global compact for safe, orderly and regular migration in 2018. The agreement to move toward this comprehensive framework is a momentous one. It means that migration, like other areas of international relations, will be guided by a set of common principles and approaches. Given the well-known and long-standing efforts of various high-income countries to prevent the development of a stronger and more effective global framework for the regulation of international migration, there are obvious reasons to be skeptical that the announced “Global Compact for Migration” will indeed bring about any major change. The ambition to achieve this “Global Compact” has, however, created a window of opportunity to rethink the current approach and debate alternative (or additional) mechanisms for protecting the rights of migrant workers.
New data on Jurassic Sinoalidae from northeastern China (Insecta, Hemiptera)
Authors: Chen Jun , Zheng Yan , Wei Guangjin , Wang Xiaoli 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe Sinoalidae, as one of the three Mesozoic froghopper families, was recently recognized from the latest Middle–earliest Late Jurassic Daohugou Biota of northeastern China. We herein report some new materials from the same horizon and locality, providing some new insights on morphological diversity and evolution of this family.Shufania haninew genus new species indicates that the relative branching position of veins M and CuA of the forewing is highly variable within the Sinoalidae and not appropriate for family-level diagnosis. The venations of three reported sinoalid hind wings are conservative, likely due to its simplified topology and reduced terminal branches. Color patterns of hind wings are likely variable for different sinoalid froghoppers. However, considering that color pattern is easily weakened or even erased by diagenetic processes for imprint fossils, the morphological character is not reliable for distinguishing different sinoalid taxa. Additionally, our new material suggests that the number of lateral spines of the hind tibia can vary intra-individually for sinoalids, just as in some recent froghoppers.
Radiocarbon Dating of the Architectural Parts of the Middle Byzantine Monastery of Hosios Loukas, Boeotia, Greece
Authors: Facorellis Yorgos , Mourelatos Dionysis 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe Monastery of Hosios Loukas is situated at an altitude of 430 m (38°23′43.12′′N, 22°44′48.22′′E) in the western foothills of Mount Helikon, near the village of Steiri, Boeotia, Greece. It is one of the most important monuments of Middle Byzantine art and architecture and has been recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Information varies concerning the construction date of the magnificent church to house the Hosios Loukas relics. Moreover, little is known about the time when the rest of the monastic complex was built. This paper aims to shed light on these chronological questions. For this purpose, 15 wood samples, originating from the outermost rings of the wooden timber preserved from the initial scaffolding of the church and its four supporting buttresses and another two from the wooden gate of the monastery, were radiocarbon (14C) dated using the conventional gas-counting technique. Our results show that the church was built in the beginning of the 11th century. The four buttresses were built in at least two phases, during the 15th through 19th centuries, and the monastery gate may be also attributed to the 19th century.
Laparoscopic instrument use in laryngeal surgery: transoral resection of a supraglottic haemangioma
Authors: Bannon R , Gohil R , Manickavasagam J 
Published: July 2017

AbstractBackground:Adult laryngeal haemangiomas are rare vascular tumours that have been managed by a variety of surgical techniques.Methods:This paper describes a case of near-fatal acute airway obstruction secondary to such a lesion, followed by our approach to surgical resection using a laparoscopic bipolar tissue-sealing device.Results:This technique resulted in successful excision of the lesion, with no evidence of recurrence at one year of follow up.Conclusion:Laparoscopic bipolar instruments can be used for the resection of moderate to large laryngeal haemangiomas as an alternative to laser excision.
The prevalence, age-of-onset and the correlates of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in the Tianjin Mental Health Survey (TJMHS)
Authors: Yin H. , Xu G. , Tian H. , Yang G. , Wardenaar K. J. , Schoevers R. A. 
Published: July 2017

BackgroundTo effectively shape mental healthcare policy in modern-day China, up-to-date epidemiological data on mental disorders is needed. The objective was to estimate the prevalence, age-of-onset (AOO) and sociodemographic correlates of mental disorders in a representative household sample of the general population (age ⩾ 18) in the Tianjin Municipality in China.MethodsData came from the Tianjin Mental health Survey (TJMHS), which was conducted between July 2011 and March 2012 using a two-phase design. 11 748 individuals were screened with an expanded version of the General Health Questionnaire and 4438 subjects were selected for a diagnostic interview by a psychiatrist, using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual – fourth edition (SCID).ResultsThe lifetime and 1-month prevalence of any mental disorder were 23.6% and 12.8%, respectively. Mood disorders (lifetime: 9.3%; 1-month: 3.9%), anxiety disorders (lifetime: 4.5% 1-month: 3.1%) and substance-use disorders (lifetime: 8.8%; 1-month: 3.5%) were most prevalent. The median AOO ranged from 25 years [interquartile range (IQR): 23–32] for substance-use disorders to 36 years (IQR: 24–50) for mood disorders. Not being married, non-immigrant status (i.e. local ‘Hukou’), being a farmer, having <6 years of education and male gender were associated with a higher lifetime prevalence of any mental disorder.ConclusionResults from the current survey indicate that mental disorders are steadily reported more commonly in rapidly-developing urban China. Several interesting sociodemographic correlates were observed (e.g. male gender and non-immigrant status) that warrant further investigation and could be used to profile persons in need of preventive intervention.
Surface surveys in the northern Troad and the identification of Çiğlitepe as ancient Arisbe
Authors: Arslan Nurettin 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe region known as the Troad in western Anatolia is famed not only as the setting of Homer's Iliad but also for the Hellespont strait (modern Çanakkale Boğazı) linking the Sea of Marmara to the Aegean. In addition to large cities such as Sigeum, Abydus and Lampsacus, ancient writers also mention smaller cities located on the Hellespont. In this article, the location of the ancient city of Arisbe, presumed to have existed between Abydus and Lampsacus, is examined in the light of new archaeological data. Between 2002 and 2010, the author conducted surveys in the northern Troad. These surveys revealed an ancient settlement with archaeological material belonging to the Late Bronze Age, late Geometric, Archaic, Classical and Hellenistic periods. The location of this settlement, the archaeological data and information from ancient literary sources all indicate that this site should be identified as Arisbe.
Agricultural innovation and resilience in a long-lived early farming community: the 1,500-year sequence at Neolithic to early Chalcolithic Çatalhöyük, central Anatolia
Authors: Bogaard Amy , Filipović Dragana , Fairbairn Andrew , Green Laura , Stroud Elizabeth , Fuller Dorian , Charles Michael 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIntensive archaeobotanical investigations at Çatalhöyük have created a unique opportunity to explore change and continuity in plant use through the ca 1,500-year Neolithic to early Chalcolithic sequence of an early established farming community. The combination of crops and herd animals in the earliest (Aceramic) part of the sequence reflects a distinct and diverse central Anatolian ‘package’ at the end of the eighth millennium cal. BC. Here we report evidence for near continual adjustment of cropping regimes through time at Çatalhöyük, featuring recruitment of minor crops or crop contaminants to become major staples. We use panarchy theory to frame an understanding of Çatalhöyük's long-term sustainability, arguing that its resilience was a function of three key factors: its diverse initial crop spectrum, which acted as an archive for later innovations; its modular social structure, enabling small-scale experimentation and innovation in cropping at the household level; and its agglomerated social morphology, allowing successful developments to be scaled up across the wider community. This case study in long-term sustainability through flexible, changeable cropping strategies is significant not only for understanding so-called boom and bust cycles elsewhere but also for informing wider agro-ecological understanding of sustainable development in central Anatolia and beyond.
The role of phonological and orthographic awareness in learning to read among Grade 1 and 2 students in Taiwan
Authors: HSUAN CHUNG-HUI , TSAI HENRY J. , STAINTHORP RHONA 
Published: July 2017

ABSTRACTThe role of phonological and orthographic awareness on Chinese character reading from Grade 1 to 2 was investigated with 112 Taiwanese children. Phonological awareness (onset, rime, and tone), rudimentary orthographic awareness (character configuration and structure knowledge), and character reading were assessed in each grade. The strategy of learning to read novel characters using regular or sophisticated orthography-to-phonology correspondence rules or character mapping was tested in Grade 2. Our results suggested that (a) phonological and orthographic awarenesses are important in Grade 1, and tone awareness in Grade 1 uniquely predicts character reading in Grade 2; and (b) the use of sophisticated orthography-to-phonology correspondence rules and mapping strategy are crucial for character reading in Grades 1 and 2. In addition, phonological and rudimentary orthographic awarenesses are important for using sophisticated orthographic strategy when learning to read novel characters.
Effects of gloss type on text recall and incidental vocabulary learning in mobile-assisted L2 listening
Authors: Çakmak Fidel , Erçetin Gülcan 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of multimedia glosses on text recall and incidental vocabulary learning in a mobile-assisted L2 listening task. A total of 88 participants with a low level of proficiency in English were randomly assigned to one of four conditions that involved single channel (textual-only, pictorial-only) and dual-channel (textual-plus-pictorial) glosses as well as a control condition where no glosses were provided. The participants listened to a story through their mobile phones and were engaged in an immediate free recall task and unannounced vocabulary tests after listening. The findings indicated that access to glosses facilitated recognition and production of vocabulary with the type of gloss having no effect. On the other hand, glosses had no effect on text recall.
DISCERNING TRENDS IN COMMODITY PRICES
Authors: Dimitropoulos Dimitri , Yatchew Adonis 
Published: July 2017

This paper emphasizes the use of data-driven techniques to discern trends in commodity prices. Whereas many previous papers rely on parametric assumptions, we take as our departure point the view that such trends areinherentlynonparametric, driven by complex forces of innovation and obsolescence, competition and strategic behavior, resource depletion and discovery, and supply and demand. Our reference specification is the partial linear modelyt=f(t) +ztβ + ϵtwhere macroeconomic variableszenter parametrically, andfis nonparametric, to be discovered using cross-validation.We analyze data on 11 commodities—3 hydrocarbons and 8 metals. For the majority of these commodities, our data-driven estimates offbear close similarity to band pass estimates which include long term trends and super cycles. The OPEC effect is estimated to have increased oil prices by over 50% on average and coal prices by about 25%. U.S. coal mining legislation is estimated to have increased coal prices by 9% to 15%.
A multicenter family practitioners’ research on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease screening using the COPD Assessment Test
Authors: Demirci Hakan , Eniste Koncuy , Basaran Ebru Onuker , Ocakoglu Gokhan , Yilmaz Zeynep , Tuna Sumeyye 
Published: July 2017

Objectives
Spirometry is known to be a gold standard for the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD Assessment Test (CAT) is an eight-item questionnaire currently in use to evaluate patients with COPD. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate if CAT is an adequate tool for screening COPD.

Methods
In total, 600 persons aging ⩾40 years old were randomly selected from three different family practice units located in the city center. CAT was asked to the participants and a spirometry was used to assess pulmonary obstruction. Pulmonary obstruction was defined as forced expiratory volume in first second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC)&lt;70% and then COPD diagnosis was confirmed with the reversibility test. The relationship between CAT results and pulmonary function test values was evaluated.

Results
In this sampling, the prevalence of COPD was 4.2%. Reliability of the CAT in the study group was acceptable (Cronbach’s α: 0.84). The CAT scores was significantly higher in patients with COPD (P&lt;0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between CAT score and FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC ratio (r=−0.31, P&lt;0.001; r=−0.26, P&lt;0.001; r=0.18, P=0.001). Among smokers, phlegm was the predominating symptom (P=0.01). Sensitivity of CAT was 66.67% and its specificity was 75.15% to determine COPD.

Conclusions
CAT is a reliable questionnaire and there is an apparent relationship between the total CAT scores and COPD. However, CAT’s ability to screen COPD is limited since it may miss the symptom-free cases.
Generation and analysis of spheroids from human primary skin myofibroblasts: an experimental system to study myofibroblasts deactivation
Authors: Granato Giuseppina , Ruocco Maria R , Iaccarino Antonino , Masone Stefania , Calì Gaetano , Avagliano Angelica , Russo Valentina , Bellevicine Claudio , Di Spigna Gaetano , Fiume Giuseppe , Montagnani Stefania , Arcucci Alessandro 
Published: July 2017

AbstractMyofibroblasts are activated fibroblasts involved in tissue repair and cancer. They are characterized byde novoexpression ofα-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), immunoregulatory phenotype and paracrine interaction with normal and tumorigenic cells leading to cell proliferation. At the end of wound-healing myofibroblasts undergo apoptotic cell death, whereasin vitro-activated fibroblasts are also subjected to a programmed necrosis-like cell death, termed nemosis, associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression induction and inflammatory response. Furthermore, myofibroblasts form clusters during wound healing, fibrotic states and tumorigenesis. In this study, we generated and analysed clusters such as spheroids from human primary cutaneous myofibroblasts, which represent a part of stromal microenvironment better than established cell lines. Therefore, we evaluated apoptotic or necrotic cell death, inflammation and activation markers during myofibroblasts clustering. The spheroids formation did not trigger apoptosis, necrotic cell death and COX-2 protein induction. The significant decrease ofα-SMA in protein extracts of spheroids, the cytostatic effect exerted by spheroids conditioned medium on both normal and cancer cell lines and the absence of proliferation marker Ki-67 after 72 h of three-dimensional culture indicated that myofibroblasts have undergone a deactivation process within spheroids. The cells of spheroids reverted to adhesion growth preserved their proliferation capability and can re-acquire a myofibroblastic phenotype. Moreover, the spontaneous formation of clusters on plastic and glass substrates suggests that aggregates formation could be a physiological feature of cutaneous myofibroblasts. This study represents an experimental model to analyse myofibroblasts deactivation and suggests that fibroblast clusters could be a cell reservoir regulating tissues turnover.
MUC1 O-glycosylation contributes to anoikis resistance in epithelial cancer cells
Authors: Piyush Tushar , Rhodes Jonathan M , Yu Lu-Gang 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAnoikis is a fundamental cellular process for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Resistance to anoikis is a hallmark of oncogenic epithelial–mesenchymal transition and is a pre-requisite for metastasis. Previous studies have revealed that the heavily glycosylated mucin protein MUC1, which is overexpressed in all types of epithelial cancer cells, prevents anoikis initiation in response to loss of adhesion. This effect of MUC1 is largely attributed to its extracellular domain that provides cell surface anoikis-initiating molecules with a ‘homing’ microenvironment. The present study investigated the influence of O-glycosylation on MUC1 extracellular domain on MUC1-mediated cell resistance to anoikis. It shows that stable suppression of the Core 1Gal-transferase (C1GT) by shRNA substantially reduces O-glycosylation in MUC1-positively transfected human colon cancer HCT116 cells and in high MUC1-expressing SW620 cells. Suppression of C1GT significantly increased anoikis of the MUC1-positive, but not MUC1-negative, cells in response to suspended culture. This effect was shown to be associated with increased ligand accessibility to cell surface anoikis-initiating molecules such as E-cadherin, integrinβ1 and Fas. These results indicate that the extensive O-glycosylation on MUC1 extracellular domain contributes to MUC1-mediated cell resistance to anoikis by facilitating MUC1-mediated prohibition of activation of the cell surface anoikis-initiating molecules in response to loss of cell adhesion. This provides insight into the molecular mechanism of anoikis regulation and highlights the importance of cellular glycosylation in cancer progression and metastasis.
Enhanced anti-tumour immunity requires the interplay between resident and circulating memory CD8+ T cells
Authors: Enamorado Michel , Iborra Salvador , Priego Elena , Cueto Francisco J. , Quintana Juan A. , Martínez-Cano Sarai , Mejías-Pérez Ernesto , Esteban Mariano , Melero Ignacio , Hidalgo Andrés , Sancho David 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe goal of successful anti-tumoural immunity is the development of long-term protective immunity to prevent relapse. Infiltration of tumours with CD8+ T cells with a resident memory (Trm) phenotype correlates with improved survival. However, the interplay of circulating CD8+ T cells and Trm cells remains poorly explored in tumour immunity. Using different vaccination strategies that fine-tune the generation of Trm cells or circulating memory T cells, here we show that, while both subsets are sufficient for anti-tumour immunity, the presence of Trm cells improves anti-tumour efficacy. Transferred central memory T cells (Tcm) generate Trm cells following viral infection or tumour challenge. Anti-PD-1 treatment promotes infiltration of transferred Tcm cells within tumours, improving anti-tumour immunity. Moreover, Batf3-dependent dendritic cells are essential for reactivation of circulating memory anti-tumour response. Our findings show the plasticity, collaboration and requirements for reactivation of memory CD8+ T cells subsets needed for optimal tumour vaccination and immunotherapy.