bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Meta-analysis of randomized and quasi-randomized clinical trials of topical antibiotics after primary closure for the prevention of surgical-site infection
Authors: Heal C F , Banks J L , Lepper P , Kontopantelis E , van Driel M L 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundSurgical-site infections (SSIs) increase patient morbidity and costs. The aim was to identify and synthesize all RCTs evaluating the effect of topical antibiotics on SSI in wounds healing by primary intention.MethodsThe search included Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, the Cochrane Wounds Specialized Register, Central Register of Controlled Trials and EBSCO CINAHL from inception to May 2016. There was no restriction of language, date or setting. Two authors independently selected studies, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. When sufficient numbers of comparable trials were available, data were pooled in meta-analysis.ResultsFourteen RCTs with 6466 participants met the inclusion criteria. Pooling of eight trials (5427 participants) showed that topical antibiotics probably reduced the risk of SSI compared with no topical antibiotic (risk ratio (RR) 0·61, 95 per cent c.i. 0·42 to 0·87; moderate-quality evidence), equating to 20 fewer SSIs per 1000 patients treated. Pooling of three trials (3012 participants) for risk of allergic contact dermatitis found no clear difference between antibiotics and no antibiotic (RR 3·94, 0·46 to 34·00; very low-quality evidence). Pooling of five trials (1299 participants) indicated that topical antibiotics probably reduce the risk of SSI compared with topical antiseptics (RR 0·49, 0·30 to 0·80; moderate-quality evidence); 43 fewer SSIs per 1000 patients treated. Pooling of two trials (541 participants) showed no clear difference in the risk of allergic contact dermatitis with antibiotics or antiseptic agents (RR 0·97, 0·52 to 1·82; very low-quality evidence).ConclusionTopical antibiotics probably prevent SSI compared with no topical antibiotic or antiseptic. No conclusion can be drawn regarding whether they cause allergic contact dermatitis.
Attracting new customers to loyalty programs: The effectiveness of monetary versus nonmonetary loyalty programs
Authors: Ruzeviciute Ruta , Kamleitner Bernadette 
Published: June 2017

AbstractWhat type of reward attracts customers to loyalty programs? Given the increasing importance of loyalty programs, this question matters. Six sequential studies investigated whether monetary rewards universally attract people more than nonmonetary rewards. Results suggest that monetary rewards elicit a very robust attractiveness premium both on the level of individual rewards as well as on the level of entire reward programs. Across different industries, the more monetary loyalty program was consistently perceived as more attractive, and it was more likely to inspire intentions to join the program. Even in light of variations in consumption goals (hedonic vs. utilitarian), the effect persisted. The effect is not only consistent; it is also nonnegligible with medium effect sizes emerging in most settings. We discuss ensuing variations in effect sizes and conclude that monetarism holds a pervasive temptation for consumers that managers cannot ignore.
Topotactic Synthesis of Porous Cobalt Ferrite Platelets from a Layered Double Hydroxide Precursor and Their Application in Oxidation Catalysis
Authors: Ortega Klaus Friedel , Anke Sven , Salamon Soma , Özcan Fatih , Heese Justus , Andronescu Corina , Landers Joachim , Wende Heiko , Schuhmann Wolfgang , Muhler Martin , Lunkenbein Thomas , Behrens Malte 
Published: June 2017

AbstractMonocrystalline, yet porous mosaic platelets of cobalt ferrite, CoFe2O4, can be synthesized from a layered double hydroxide (LDH) precursor by thermal decomposition. Using an equimolar mixture of Fe2+, Co2+, and Fe3+ during co‐precipitation, a mixture of LDH, (FeIICoII)2/3FeIII1/3(OH)2(CO3)1/6⋅m H2O, and the target spinel CoFe2O4 can be obtained in the precursor. During calcination, the remaining FeII fraction of the LDH is oxidized to FeIII leading to an overall Co2+:Fe3+ ratio of 1:2 as required for spinel crystallization. This pre‐adjustment of the spinel composition in the LDH precursor suggests a topotactic crystallization of cobalt ferrite and yields phase pure spinel in unusual anisotropic platelet morphology. The preferred topotactic relationship in most particles is [111]Spinel∥[001]LDH. Due to the anion decomposition, holes are formed throughout the quasi monocrystalline platelets. This synthesis approach can be used for different ferrites and the unique microstructure leads to unusual chemical properties as shown by the application of the ex‐LDH cobalt ferrite as catalyst in the selective oxidation of 2‐propanol. Compared to commercial cobalt ferrite, which mainly catalyzes the oxidative dehydrogenation to acetone, the main reaction over the novel ex‐LDH cobalt is dehydration to propene. Moreover, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activity of the ex‐LDH catalyst was markedly higher compared to the commercial material.
Effects of Pimozide Derivatives on pSTAT5 in K562 Cells
Authors: Rondanin Riccardo , Simoni Daniele , Maccesi Martina , Romagnoli Romeo , Grimaudo Stefania , Pipitone Rosaria Maria , Meli Maria , Cascio Antonio , Tolomeo Manlio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractSTAT5 is a transcription factor, a member of the STAT family of signaling proteins. STAT5 is involved in many types of cancer, including chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), in which this protein is found constitutively activated as a consequence of BCR‐ABL expression. The neuroleptic drug pimozide was recently reported to act as an inhibitor of STAT5 phosphorylation and is capable of inducing apoptosis in CML cells in vitro. Our research group has synthesized simple derivatives of pimozide with cytotoxic activity and that are able to decrease the levels of phosphorylated STAT5. In this work we continued the search for novel STAT5 inhibitors, synthesizing compounds in which the benzoimidazolinone ring of pimozide is either maintained or modified, in order to obtain further structure–activity relationship information for this class of STAT5 inhibitors. Two compounds of the series showed potent cytotoxic activity against BCR‐ABL‐positive and pSTAT5‐overexpressing K562 cells and were able to markedly decrease the levels of phosphorylated STAT5.
Replacement of Biphenyl by Bipyridine Enabling Powerful Hole Transport Materials for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Wu Fei , Shan Yahan , Qiao Jianhui , Zhong Cheng , Wang Rui , Song Qunliang , Zhu Linna 
Published: June 2017

AbstractHere, 2,2′‐ and 3,3′‐bipyridine are introduced for the first time as the core structure to get two new hole transport materials (HTMs), namely F22 and F33. The electron‐withdrawing nature of bipyridine lowers the HOMO level of the new compounds and enhances the open‐circuit voltage of perovskite solar cells. Especially for F33, the better planarity leads to better conjugation in the whole molecule and the molecular interaction is enhanced. Hole‐mobility tests, steady‐state photoluminescence (PL) spectra as well as time‐resolved PL decay results demonstrate that the new HTMs exhibit good hole extraction and hole‐transporting property. Impressive power conversion efficiencies of 17.71 and 18.48 % are achieved in conventional planar perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3−xClx) solar cells containing F22 and F33 as HTMs, respectively. As far as we know, this is the first report on bypiridine‐based HTMs with leading efficiencies, and the design motif in this work opens a new way for devising HTMs in the future.
European guidelines for workplace drug testing in oral fluid
Authors: Brcak Michaela , Beck Olof , Bosch Tessa , Carmichael Duncan , Fucci Nadia , George Claire , Piper Mark , Salomone Alberto , Schielen Wim , Steinmeyer Stefan , Taskinen Sanna , Weinmann Wolfgang 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThese guidelines for Legally Defensible Workplace Drug Testing have been prepared and updated by the European Workplace Drug Testing Society (EWDTS). The European Guidelines are designed to establish best practice procedures whilst allowing individual countries to operate within the requirements of national customs and legislation. The EWDTS recommends that all European laboratories that undertake legally defensible workplace drug testing should use these guidelines as a template for accreditation. These guidelines are relevant to laboratory‐based testing only. These guidelines follow current best practices and are constantly under review.
From concept(ion) to life after death/the grave: The ‘natural’ history and life cycle(s) of novel psychoactive substances (NPS)
Authors: Corkery John Martin , Orsolini Laura , Papanti Duccio , Schifano Fabrizio 
Published: June 2017

AbstractA range of information needs should be met in order to better understand and predict the longevity/existence of novel psychoactive substances (NPS). This conceptual paper argues that one way of assessing how long a molecule may be around is to document how the life cycles or natural histories of ‘traditional’ drugs and NPS evolve. The earliest indication of the possible appearance of a new substance might be evidenced on the DeepWeb. However, this means they are less visible, in line with the clandestine nature of drug use and supply. Therefore, monitoring discussion groups/fora needs the development of new methods compared to those used in the Surface Net. Issues needing consideration in establishing NPS life cycles are outlined here, together with the probable outcomes that could result. The approach advocated means that it should be easier to identify which NPS are likely to come up or are emerging in real time, and, therefore, pre‐empt/prevent their supply.
Repeated subcutaneous administrations of krokodil causes skin necrosis and internal organs toxicity in Wistar rats: putative human implications
Authors: Alves Emanuele Amorim , Brandão Pedro , Neves João Filipe , Cravo Sara Manuela , Soares José Xavier , Grund Jean‐Paul C. , Duarte José Alberto , Afonso Carlos M.M. , Pereira Netto Annibal Duarte , Carvalho Félix , Dinis‐Oliveira Ricardo Jorge 
Published: June 2017

AbstractObjective“Krokodil” is the street name for an impure homemade drug mixture used as a cheap substitute for heroin, containing desomorphine as the main opioid. Abscesses, gangrene, thrombophlebitis, limb ulceration and amputations, jaw osteonecrosis, skin discoloration, ulcers, skin infections, and bleeding are some of the typical reported signs in humans. This study aimed to understand the toxicity of krokodil using Wistar male rats as experimental model.MethodsAnimals were divided into seven groups and exposed subcutaneously to NaCl 0.9% (control), krokodil mixture free of psychotropic substances (blank krokodil), pharmaceutical grade desomorphine 1 mg/kg, and four different concentrations of krokodil (containing 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/kg of desomorphine) synthesized accordingly to a “domestic” protocol followed by people who inject krokodil (PWIK). Daily injections for five consecutive days were performed, and animals were sacrificed 24 hr after the last administration. Biochemical and histological analysis were carried out.ResultsIt was shown that the continuous use of krokodil may cause injury at the injection area, with formation of necrotic zones. The biochemical results evidenced alterations on cardiac and renal biomarkers of toxicity, namely, creatine kinase, creatine kinase‐MB, and uric acid. Significant alteration in levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione on kidney and heart suggested that oxidative stress may be involved in krokodil‐mediated toxicity. Cardiac congestion was the most relevant finding of continuous krokodil administration.ConclusionsThese findings contribute notably to comprehension of the local and systemic toxicological impact of this complex drug mixture on major organs and will hopefully be useful for the development of appropriate treatment strategies towards the human toxicological effects of krokodil.
MOTHERS’ EXPERIENCES OF MOTHER‐INFANT PSYCHOANALYTIC TREATMENT—A QUALITATIVE STUDY
Authors: Winberg Salomonsson Majlis , Barimani Mia 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTAs part of a larger research project in Sweden, a qualitative study investigated mother‐infant psychoanalysis (MIP). Earlier, a randomized controlled trial compared two mother‐infant groups. One received MIP, and the other received standard child health center care. Previous articles have reported long‐term effects: MIP‐group mothers were less depressed throughout a 3‐year posttreatment period, and their children demonstrated better global functioning and psychological well‐being (Winberg Salomonsson, Sorjonen, & Salomonsson, ). The present study's objectives were to describe the mothers’ experiences of MIP and deepen the understanding of the MIP process. Six months after treatment started, all mothers were interviewed. Transcribed interviews of 10 (of 33) MIP‐group participants were randomly selected and analyzed in detail. Thematic analysis was used on the interview data. Two main themes emerged: (a) transition to motherhood and (b) relationships with the infant and family. MIP facilitated mother‐infant relationship development and familial relationship development and clarified mothers’ views of how their personal histories were connected with their motherhood experiences. Mothers reported that the analysts had succeeded in balancing the mothers’ own needs and those of the infant. Their accounts of therapy matched the published descriptions of MIP.
Effects of age and pathology on shear wave speed of the human rotator cuff
Authors: Baumer Timothy G. , Dischler Jack , Davis Leah , Labyed Yassin , Siegal Daniel S. , van Holsbeeck Marnix , Moutzouros Vasilios , Bey Michael J. 
Published: June 2017

ABSTRACTRotator cuff tears are common and often repaired surgically, but post‐operative repair tissue healing, and shoulder function can be unpredictable. Tear chronicity is believed to influence clinical outcomes, but conventional clinical approaches for assessing tear chronicity are subjective. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a promising technique for assessing soft tissue via estimates of shear wave speed (SWS), but this technique has not been used extensively on the rotator cuff. Specifically, the effects of age and pathology on rotator cuff SWS are not well known. The objectives of this study were to assess the association between SWS and age in healthy, asymptomatic subjects, and to compare measures of SWS between patients with a rotator cuff tear and healthy, asymptomatic subjects. SWE images of the supraspinatus muscle and intramuscular tendon were acquired from 19 asymptomatic subjects and 11 patients with a rotator cuff tear. Images were acquired with the supraspinatus under passive and active (i.e., minimal activation) conditions. Mean SWS was positively associated with age in the supraspinatus muscle and tendon under passive and active conditions (p ≤ 0.049). Compared to asymptomatic subjects, patients had a lower mean SWS in their muscle and tendon under active conditions (p ≤ 0.024), but no differences were detected under passive conditions (p ≥ 0.783). These findings identify the influences of age and pathology on SWS in the rotator cuff. These preliminary findings are an important step toward evaluating the clinical utility of SWE for assessing rotator cuff pathology. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:282–288, 2018.
Belowground Attributes on Reclaimed Surface Mine Lands over a 40‐year Chronosequence
Authors: Bohrer Stefanie L. , Limb Ryan F. , Daigh Aaron L.M. , Volk Jay M. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractReclamation following mining activities often aims to restore stable soils that support productive and diverse native plant communities. The soil re‐spread process increases soil compaction, which may alter soil water, plant composition, rooting depths, and soil organic matter. This may have a direct impact on vegetation establishment and species recruitment. Seasonal wet/dry and freeze/thaw patterns are thought to alleviate soil compaction over time. However, this has not been formally evaluated on reclaimed landscapes at large scales. Our objectives were to (1) determine soil compaction alleviation, (2) rooting depth, and (3) spatial patterns of soil water content over a time‐since‐reclamation gradient. Soil resistance to penetration varied by depth, with shallow compaction remaining unchanged, but deeper compaction increased over time rather than being alleviated. Root biomass and depth did not increase with time and was consistently less than the values in the reference location. Plant communities initially had a strong native component, but quickly became dominated by invasive species following reclamation, and soil water content became increasingly homogeneous over the 40‐year chronosequence. Seasonal weather patterns and soil organic matter additions can reduce soil compaction if water infiltration is not limited. Shallow and strongly fibrous‐rooted grasses present in reclaimed sites added organic matter to shallow soil layers, but did not penetrate the compacted layers and allow water infiltration. Strong linkages between land management strategies, soil properties, and vegetation composition can advance reclamation efforts and promote heterogeneous landscapes. However, current post‐reclamation management strategies are incompletely utilizing natural seasonal weather patterns to reduce soil compaction. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)‐profiling for biomarker discovery applied to human polycystic ovarian syndrome
Authors: Cordeiro Fernanda B. , Ferreira Christina R. , Sobreira Tiago Jose P. , Yannell Karen E. , Jarmusch Alan K. , Cedenho Agnaldo P. , Lo Turco Edson G. , Cooks R. Graham 
Published: June 2017

RationaleWe describe multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)‐profiling, which provides accelerated discovery of discriminating molecular features, and its application to human polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis. The discovery phase of the MRM‐profiling seeks molecular features based on some prior knowledge of the chemical functional groups likely to be present in the sample. It does this through use of a limited number of pre‐chosen and chemically specific neutral loss and/or precursor ion MS/MS scans. The output of the discovery phase is a set of precursor/product transitions. In the screening phase these MRM transitions are used to interrogate multiple samples (hence the name MRM‐profiling).MethodsMRM‐profiling was applied to follicular fluid samples of 22 controls and 29 clinically diagnosed PCOS patients. Representative samples were delivered by flow injection to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer set to perform a number of pre‐chosen and chemically specific neutral loss and/or precursor ion MS/MS scans. The output of this discovery phase was a set of 1012 precursor/product transitions. In the screening phase each individual sample was interrogated for these MRM transitions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used for statistical analysis.ResultsTo evaluate the method's performance, half the samples were used to build a classification model (testing set) and half were blinded (validation set). Twenty transitions were used for the classification of the blind samples, most of them (N = 19) showed lower abundances in the PCOS group and corresponded to phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS) lipids. Agreement of 73% with clinical diagnosis was found when classifying the 26 blind samples.ConclusionsMRM‐profiling is a supervised method characterized by its simplicity, speed and the absence of chromatographic separation. It can be used to rapidly isolate discriminating molecules in healthy/disease conditions by tailored screening of signals associated with hundreds of molecules in complex samples.
PbS Nanostar‐Like Structures as Field Emitters
Authors: Pawar Mahendra S. , Bankar Prashant K. , More Mahendra A. , Late Dattatray J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe crystalline PbS nanostars were synthesized by thermal decomposition of thioacetamide (TAA) in aqueous solutions of lead acetate and acetic acid at 80 °C. The structure and morphology of the PbS nanostars have been characterized using X‐Ray Diffraction (XRD), Raman Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The optical properties of the PbS nanostars have been studied using UV‐Visible absorption Spectroscopy (UV‐Vis). The field emission investigations have been carried out on the as synthesized PbS nanostars at the base pressure of ∼1×10−8 mbar. The turn on field required to draw an emission current density of 1 μA/cm2 is found to be 1.8 V/μm. The emission current‐time plots show good emission current stability of the PbS nanostar emitter over a period of 4 hrs. The results in terms of low turn‐on field and long term emission current stability of the PbS nanostars emitter reveals that it can be used in field emission based vacuum microelectronics / nanoelectronic devices.
Hydrothermal Synthesis of NiCo2O4/Activated Carbon Composites for Supercapacitor with Enhanced Cycle Performance
Authors: Xu Jingcai , Liu Fei , Peng Xiaoling , Li Jing , Yang Yanting , Jin Dingfeng , Jin Hongxiao , Wang Xinqing , Hong Bo 
Published: June 2017

AbstractOwing to the advantages of the good conductive AC and high capacitive NiCo2O4, We prepared a series of NiCo2O4/AC composites by a hydrothermal method. The morphology of NiCo2O4/AC composites indicate the NiCo2O4 nanoplates with diameters of about 0.5∼1 μm and thickness of about 20 nm are coated on AC. The electrochemical investigation demonstrate that the specific capacitances of NCO‐AC‐3 (containing 47 % NiCo2O4) are 273.5 F g−1 and the capacity retention still retains at 96 % (262.6 F g−1) after 3000 cycles at current density of 1 A g−1, especially, the cycling stability maintain more stable at high current density. Therefore, the low‐cost NiCo2O4/AC composites can serve as a promising electrode material for high performance supercapacitors due to the synergistic effect between the electric double‐layer capacitance of porous AC and the pseudocapacitance of NiCo2O4 nanoplates.
Accurate analysis of fusion expression ofPichia pastorisglycosylphosphatidylinositol-modified cell wall proteins
Authors: Wang Pan , Zhang Li , Fisher Rebecca , Chen Meiqi , Liang Shuli , Han Shuangyan , Zheng Suiping , Sui Haixin , Lin Ying 
Published: June 2017

AbstractGlycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored glycoproteins have diverse intrinsic functions in yeasts, and they also have different uses in vitro. The GPI-modified cell wall proteins GCW21, GCW51, and GCW61 of Pichia pastoris were chosen as anchoring proteins to construct co-expression strains in P. pastoris GS115. The hydrolytic activity and the amount of Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) displayed on cell surface increased significantly following optimization of the fusion gene dosage and combination of the homogeneous or heterogeneous cell wall proteins. Maximum CALB hydrolytic activity was achieved at 4920 U/g dry cell weight in strain GS115/CALB-GCW (51 + 51 + 61 + 61) after 120 h of methanol induction. Changes in structural morphology and the properties of the cell surfaces caused by co-expression of fusion proteins were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and on plates containing cell-wall-destabilizing reagent. Our results suggested that both the outer and inner cell layers were significantly altered by overexpression of GPI-modified cell wall proteins. Interestingly, quantitative analysis of the inner layer components showed an increase in β-1,3-glucan, but no obvious changes in chitin in the strains overexpressing GPI-modified cell wall proteins.