bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Variable water‐saturated areas and streamflow generation in the small Ringelbach catchment (Vosges Mountains, France): the master recession curve as an equilibrium curve for interactions between atmosphere, surface and ground waters
Authors: Ambroise Bruno 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn the small Ringelbach research catchment, where studies on the water cycle components in a granitic mountainous environment have been conducted since 1976, the water‐saturated areas that are hydraulically connected to the outlet play a major role in the streamflow generation, as it is here that complex interactions between atmosphere, surface and ground waters take place. During baseflow recession periods, which may last several months between two groundwater recharge events, the atmospheric inputs of water and energy on these contributing areas only explain the streamflow fluctuations observed around the master recession curve, which defines the groundwater contribution: fluctuating above it in the case of precipitation input on these areas, below it in the case of evaporation output from these areas. Streamflow may therefore largely deviate from the master recession curve in the case of long, hot, dry spells.Detailed mapping has shown that their variable extent is well related to baseflow by a loglinear curve. On the other hand, a synthetic master recession curve, well fitted by a second‐order hyperbolic function, has been obtained from numerous pure recession periods. Both based on these two curves, a simple procedure and a simple model have been used to (i) validate the hypothesis that the connected saturated areas are the only permanent variable contributing areas and (ii) simulate the daily streamflow volumes over long baseflow recession periods by a water balance of the aquifer below these areas only. The storm runoff ratio for small to moderate rainfall events is indeed corresponding to the catchment saturated fraction at that time. The volume of daily streamflow oscillations is indeed corresponding to the evaporation at the potential rate from the saturated areas only. In both cases, streamflow naturally tends towards the master recession curve after the end of any atmospheric perturbation. Introducing these findings into TOPMODEL led to significantly improved simulation results during baseflow recession periods.The master recession curve may therefore be considered as a dynamic equilibrium curve. Together with the relationship between saturated extent and baseflow, it provides the main characteristics necessary to understand and model the interactions at this complex interface and the resulting daily streamflow variations during baseflow recession periods in this type of catchment. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CFHR2‐rs2986127 as a genetic protective marker for acute anterior uveitis in Chinese patients
Authors: Huang Xiu‐Feng , Wang Yuqin , Li Fen‐Fen , Lin Dan , Dai Ma‐Li , Wang Qing‐Feng , Jin Zi‐Bing 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundComplement factor H (CFH) related proteins (CFHRs) play important roles in complement activation pathways, whereas previous studies have only shown that CFH can affect the development of uveitis. In the present study, we investigated the potential associations between one of single‐nucleotide polymorphisms in the CFHR2 gene with acute anterior uveitis (AAU).MethodsA total of 571 subjects, 283 patients diagnosed with AAU and 288 healthy adult controls, were recruited for this case–control study. CFHR2‐rs2986127 was detected using Sequenom MassARRAY technology (Sequenom, San Diego, CA, USA).ResultsThe stratified analyses for AAU patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) revealed a reduced frequency of the A allele in CFHR2‐rs2986127 compared to controls (p = 0.033, odds ratio = 0.563, 95% confidence interval = 330–0.960). Further stratified analyses revealed a similar significantly reduced frequency in male AAU patients with AS compared to male controls (p = 0.036, odds ratio = 0.514, 95% confidence interval = 0.274–0.965) and in AAU patients without posterior segment involvement compared to controls (p = 0.048).ConclusionsThe present study reveals an association between CFHR2‐rs2986127 and AAU diagnosis, especially with respect to gender, AS status and other clinical signs, such as posterior segment involvement. Our results may further enrich the growing understanding of uveitis genetics, and raise the clinical diagnostic accuracy of this disease. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Homomorphisms of 2‐Edge‐Colored Triangle‐Free Planar Graphs
Authors: Ochem Pascal , Pinlou Alexandre , Sen Sagnik 
Published: June 2016

AbstractIn this article, we introduce and study the properties of some target graphs for 2‐edge‐colored homomorphism. Using these properties, we obtain in particular that the 2‐edge‐colored chromatic number of the class of triangle‐free planar graphs is at most 50. We also show that it is at least 12.
Different bone remodeling levels of trabecular and cortical bone in response to changes in Wnt/β‐catenin signaling in mice
Authors: Li Junfeng , Bao Quanwei , Chen Sixu , Liu Huayu , Feng Jianquan , Qin Hao , Li Ang , Liu Daocheng , Shen Yue , Zhao Yufeng , Zong Zhaowen 
Published: June 2016

ABSTRACTTrabecular bone and cortical bone have different bone remodeling levels, and the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, the expression of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and its downstream molecules along with bone mass in trabecular and cortical bone were compared in wild‐type mice, constitutive activation of β‐catenin (CA‐β‐catenin) mice and β‐catenin deletion mice. It was found that the expression level of most of the examined genes such as Wnt3a, β‐catenin, osteocalcin and RANKL/OPG ratio were significantly higher in trabecular bone than in cortical bone in wild‐type mice. CA‐β‐catenin resulted in up‐regulated expression of the above‐mentioned genes except for RANKL/OPG ratio, which were down‐regulated. Also, CA‐β‐catenin led to increased number of osteoblasts, decreased number of osteoclasts and increased bone mass in both the trabecular bone and cortical bone compared with wild‐type mice; however, the extent of changes was much greater in the trabecular bone than in the cortical bone. By contrast, null β‐catenin led to down‐regulated expression of the above‐mentioned genes except for RANKL/OPG ratio. Furthermore, β‐catenin deletion led to decreased number of osteoblasts, increased number of osteoclasts and decreased bone mass when compared with wild‐type mice. Again, the extent of these changes was more significant in trabecular bone than cortical bone. Taken together, we found that the expression level of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling and bone remodeling‐related molecules were different in cortical bone and trabecular bone, and the trabecular bone was more readily affected by changes in the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. © 2016 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 35:812–819, 2017.
Deep Brain Stimulation in Three Related Cases of North Sea Progressive Myoclonic Epilepsy from South Africa
Authors: Anderson David G. , Németh Andrea H. , Fawcett Katherine A. , Sims David , Miller Jack , Krause Amanda 
Published: June 2016

AbstractView Supplementary Video 1View Supplementary Video 2We report on a white Afrikaans family from eastern South Africa with three members affected with North Sea progressive myoclonus epilepsy, resulting from a homozygous founder GOSR2 mutation (c.430G>T, p.Gly144Trp). The mutation was identified by exomic sequencing in a research study investigating childhood onset ataxias. All three subjects presented with ataxia, tremor, early gait difficulties, and myoclonic and generalized tonic clonic (GTC) epilepsy. Each patient underwent deep brain stimulation of the caudal Zona Incerta before coming to the attention of the authors. In each case there was a reduction in GTC seizures, and two patients exhibited a reduction in involuntary movements, as evaluated during long‐term follow‐up. In one case there was an improvement in gait and stance when assessed while the stimulation was on.
Affective Correlates of Psychosis in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Factor Stewart A. , Scullin Michael K. , Freeman Alan , Bliwise Donald L. , McDonald William M. , Goldstein Felicia C. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBackgroundIn Parkinson's disease (PD), psychosis and affective disorders are common and independently impact quality of life and mortality. Both depression and psychosis are correlated with the occurrence of cognitive dysfunction, suggesting that they may share neurobiological substrates. Anxiety has not been examined as a correlate of psychosis. The objective of this study was to examine the nature of the association between affective disorders and psychosis in patients with PD.MethodsOne hundred forty‐four patients with PD were evaluated using the Schedule for Assessment of Positive Symptoms to assess psychotic features, while depression and anxiety were examined using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (SCID) and 2 self‐assessment scales: the Beck Depression Inventory II and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Correlational analyses assessed associations between hallucinations and delusions with depression and anxiety.ResultsA diagnosis of anxiety (SCID) was significantly associated (P = 0.015) with hallucinations (odds ratio [OR], 4.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36–16.99). The severity of anxiety (Beck Anxiety Inventory) significantly predicted (P = 0.03) the presence of hallucinations (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 1.01–1.15) and delusions (OR, 1.09, confidence region, 1.01–1.17). Current depression (SCID) was significantly associated (P = 0.001) with the presence of hallucinations (OR, 6.12; 95% CI, 2.04–18.39) and delusions (OR, 7.14; 95% CI, 2.23–22.93). Multiple linear regressions revealed that severity of anxiety remained an independent predictor (P < 0.05) of both the number of types of hallucinations (t = 3.06; P = 0.003) and delusions (t = 2.87; P = 0.005). Severity of depression was a significant predictor of the total number of delusions (t = 2.28; P = 0.024).ConclusionsThis study demonstrates an association between depression and psychosis and, for the first time, an association between anxiety and psychosis. These associations may have implications for the pathophysiology and treatment of psychosis in patients with PD.
The MATCH cohort study in the Netherlands: rationale, objectives, methods and baseline characteristics of patients with (long‐term) common mental disorders
Authors: Koekkoek Bauke , Manders Willeke , Tendolkar Indira , Hutschemaekers Giel , Tiemens Bea 
Published: June 2016

AbstractResearch in the last decades shows that common mental disorders may be long‐term and severely disabling, resulting in severe mental illness (SMI). The percentage of Dutch SMI‐patients with common mental disorders receiving mental health services is estimated at 65–70%. However, it is unclear which patients in fact become SMI‐patients. We need to know more about the possible course of common mental disorders, understand the origins of chronicity in more detail, and have more insight in related care processes and care use of patients with common mental disorders.The MATCH cohort study is a four‐year multicentre naturalistic cohort study, with yearly assessments in primary, secondary, and tertiary services in three large Dutch mental health services. Socio‐demographics, mental disorders, course and severity of psychopathology, physiological health indicators, neurocognitive functioning, past and present life events, health care use and contact with mental health services, social functioning and quality of life, and recovery and well‐being are assessed.Baseline findings of 283 participating individuals and their key clinicians are described. The sample appears to appropriately represent the distribution of individuals across diagnostic categories in services, and level of care (outpatient, day treatment, inpatient) in the Netherlands and other developed nations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
H‐LCFST: a hash lowest cost first search tree for flexible packet classification
Authors: Huang Xiaohong , Sun Qiong , Ma Maode , Ma Yan 
Published: June 2016

SummaryPacket classification (PC) categorizes incoming packets into multiple forwarding classes in a router based on predefined filters. It is one of the most important enabling technologies for next generation network services, for example, firewall, quality of service routing, load balancing, and virtual private network. IPv6 technology has posed a great challenge on the wire‐speed router for the PC because of its longer IP addresses. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm to support both IPv4 and IPv6, called hash lowest cost first search tree (H‐LCFST) for the PC. The H‐LCFST combines the advantages of the hash tree and a novel LCFST to achieve a better lookup performance. More important, the H‐LCFST algorithm is able to utilize the features of distinct IPv4 and IPv6 classifiers and design corresponding data structure for different characteristics of the classifiers, with which it is able to avoid the performance degrade because of the longer address of the IPv6. The experiment results show that our proposed algorithm has only approximately seven times of memory accesses for the IPv4/IPv6 PC, which make it to be the fastest PC solutions so far. Moreover, it occupies extremely small memory and supports incremental update at the same time. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enhanced optical transparency of films formed from sorted metallic or semiconducting single‐walled carbon nanotubes filled with CuCl
Authors: Fedotov Pavel V. , Eremina Valentina A. , Tonkikh Alexander A. , Chernov Alexander I. , Obraztsova Elena D. 
Published: June 2016

Metallic and semiconducting fractions of single‐walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) sorted by an aqueous two‐phase extraction technique and integrated into thin films were used to produce CuCl@SWCNT hybrid material via a gas phase filling the nanotubes with CuCl. As a result of doping, the SWCNTs in the hybrid material possess a higher optical transparency than the pristine ones. The hybrid material properties strongly depend on the metallic/semiconducting tube ratio in a pristine material. In this work, with UV‐vis‐NIR optical absorption and Raman techniques we show that upon filling with CuCl the solely metallic nanotubes provide much higher doping efficiency than the solely semiconducting SWCNTs. The CuCl@SWCNT hybrid material based on sorted nanotubes is more competitive as a transparent conductive material for the future photovoltaics.A schematic view of electron transfer between CuCl@s‐SWCNT and CuCl@m‐SWCNT within a bundle of CuCl@SWCNT.
Endoscopic bronchial occlusion with silicone spigots under virtual bronchoscopic navigation
Authors: Hayama Manabu , Sato Shingo , Shiroyama Takayuki , Nishida Takuji , Nishihara Takashi , Okamoto Norio 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA 68‐year‐old woman with interstitial lung disease related to dermatomyositis and systemic scleroderma was admitted to our hospital with fever and dyspnoea. Although the fever was reduced after antibiotic therapy, a left pneumothorax suddenly occurred on day 27 after admission. A continuous air leak persisted despite chest drainage with three tubes and repeated pleurodesis. Chest computed tomography (CT) images showed a cavitary lesion with a pinhole in the left upper division, which was suspected to be the affected lesion with the air leak. Virtual bronchoscopic navigation images were constructed from CT data. Bronchial occlusion with Endobronchial Watanabe Spigots (EWSs) was performed on day 52. Two medium‐sized EWSs were inserted into the left B1 + 2a and B1 + 2b, and the air leak stopped immediately. No procedure‐related adverse events occurred. All three chest tubes were successfully removed by day 60. This case demonstrates that virtual bronchoscopic navigation can improve bronchial occlusion procedures using EWSs.
Grafting–through Strategy in Emulsion: An Eco–friendly and Effective Route for the Synthesis of Graft Copolymers
Authors: Li Hui , Li Chunmei , Tan Jiaojun , Yin Dezhong , Song Lixun , Zhang Baoliang , Zhang Hepeng , Zhang Qiuyu 
Published: June 2016

AbstractBrush‐like and centipede multigraft copolymers of poly(n‐butyl acrylate)–g–poly(styrene) were synthesized via seeded emulsion polymerization under 1,1‐diphenylethylene (DPE) and miniemulsion polymerization. Single‐tailed and double‐tailed poly(styrene) macromonomers were prepared by DPE‐technique in emulsion and Steglich esterification. Then poly(n‐butyl acrylate)–g–poly(styrene) multigraft copolymers were obtained by miniemulsion copolymerization. The molecular characteristics of poly(styrene) macromonomers and poly(n‐butyl acrylate)–g–poly(styrene) have been characterized by gel permeation chromatography. The weight content of poly(styrene) and the number of branch points in brush‐like and centipede multigraft copolymers were calculated by proton nuclear magnetic resonance, and the maximum number of branch points is 47. Differential scanning calorimetry analysis and morphological observations by atomic force microscopy confirmed microphase separation in poly(n‐butyl acrylate)–g–poly(styrene). Tensile properties showed that brush‐like and centipede multigraft copolymers had characteristics of TPEs when the weight content of poly(styrene) in poly(n‐butyl acrylate)–g–poly(styrene) was 23 %∼37 %. And centipede multigraft copolymers showed better elastic properties than brush‐like multigraft copolymers, which was in line with our previous work.
The GAENE—Generalized Acceptance of EvolutioN Evaluation: Development of a new measure of evolution acceptance
Authors: Smith Mike U. , Snyder Scott W. , Devereaux Randolph S. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe present study reports the development of a brief, quantitative, web‐based, psychometrically sound measure—the Generalized Acceptance of EvolutioN Evaluation (GAENE, pronounced “gene”) in a format that is useful in large and small groups, in research, and in classroom settings. The measure was designed to measure only evolution acceptance—not related knowledge or religious beliefs. Item development was based on extensive student interviews and pretesting followed by multiple rounds of qualitative review and quantitative validity testing based on expert review (Lawshe, 1975) and multiple rounds of item revision, then by reliability testing of over 600 high school (HS) and post‐secondary (PS) students (Study 1, GAENE 1.0). Data analysis strongly supported the reliability and validity of GAENE 1.0, principal components analysis supported a two‐factor solution. All the negatively worded items (and only those items) loaded on the second factor. Rasch analysis also suggested the need for items that would be endorsed at the lower end of the person‐item scale. The negatively worded items were, therefore, reworded as positives, additional items were generated to attract wider endorsement, two additional rounds of qualitative and quantitative expert validation were conducted, and reliability testing was repeated with over 600 HS and PS students (Study 2, GAENE 2.0). Both reliability and validity indices of GAENE 2.0 were strong (Lawshe content validity index = 0.72; Cronbach's alphaHS = 0.940; Cronbach's alphaPS = 0.948; Cronbach's alphacombined = 0.945). Principal components analysis suggests that GAENE 2.0 measures a single factor. Together with Rasch analysis results, these data provide substantial initial evidence to support the validity and psychometric integrity of the GAENE as a measure of the degree to which high school and college students accept the theory of evolution. The rigorous development process can also serve as a model for others interested in measure development. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 53: 1289–1315, 2016
A longitudinal analysis of the extent and manner of representations of nature of science in U.S. high school biology and physics textbooks
Authors: Abd‐El‐Khalick Fouad , Myers John Y. , Summers Ryan , Brunner Jeanne , Waight Noemi , Wahbeh Nader , Zeineddin Ava A. , Belarmino Jeremy 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThis study assessed the (i) ways in which, and extent to which, several aspects of nature of science (NOS) are represented in high school biology and physics textbooks in the United States (U.S.); (ii) extent to which these representations have changed over the course of several decades; and (iii) relative impact of discipline, and textbook publishers versus authors on the observed patterns. NOS aspects included the empirical, tentative, inferential, creative, theory‐laden, and social NOS; myth of “The Scientific Method”; nature of theories and laws; and social and cultural embeddedness of science. The sample included 34 (16 biology and 18 physics) textbooks, which commanded significant shares of the U.S. science textbook market. Textbooks were selected from seven “connected series” (three in biology and four in physics), which spanned 1–5 decades, with five series spanning, at least, 3 decades. Textbooks were scored for the accuracy and manner in which, as well as the extent (in textbook pages) to which, the target NOS aspects were represented. Analyses indicated that, on average, only less than 2.5% of the analyzed textbook pages were dedicated to addressing NOS constructs. Overall, representations of NOS in the textbooks did not differ by content area, were discernibly less than favorable, and did not improve substantially over the past several decades. These trends are incommensurate with the emphasis placed in U.S. reform efforts on helping precollege students develop informed NOS conceptions. Finally, the data strongly suggested that textbook authors have a relatively greater impact on the observed patterns when compared to textbook publishers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 54: 82–120, 2017
Efficient handoff based on link quality prediction for video streaming in urban transport systems
Authors: Vallati Carlo , Mingozzi Enzo , Benedetto Carmine 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe continuously increasing interest in developing efficient vehicle‐roadside communication networks to provide on‐board connectivity has recently brought to the definition of several solutions based on different wireless technologies. Among them, wireless local area network‐based solutions emerged as an attracting alternative to guarantee high‐quality connectivity enabling services, like video streaming, that require stringent quality of service guarantees. In this work, we propose a handoff procedure based on a forecasting model of the link quality for mobile routers operating in vehicle‐roadside wireless local area network‐based networks. First, a preliminary set of experiments is performed in a realistic environment to study the behavior of the wireless channel when mobility in urban environment is considered. Then, considering the hands‐on experience gained from the initial set of experiments, a novel handoff procedure is designed, which exploits a forecasting technique to predict link channel quality. The proposed procedure is then exploited in a cross‐layer manner to proactively reduce the number of transmitted layers during handoff in the case of real‐time video traffic based on H.264/SVC encoding. The proposal is assessed by means of simulation and compared with existing solutions. Results demonstrate that our proposal guarantees performance comparable with other algorithms. The advantage of predicting the handoff point is demonstrated by means of simulations employing a realistic video streaming traffic model, showing how the quality of experience perceived by end‐users can be improved through the adaptation of the traffic load. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.