bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A case of share psychotic disorder induced by mephedrone
Authors: Baena R.A. , Lázaro Y. , Rodriguez J. , Olivares L. , Matas A. , Niell L. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionShare psychotic disorder “folie à deux” is a rare condition characterized by the transmission of delusional aspects from a patient to another linked by a close relationship. We report the case of two Spanish men who have experienced a combined delusional episode induced by mephedrone.ObjectivesDescribe a case of share psychotic disorder induced by mephedrone. Make a review on scientific literature about the use of mephedrone (little is known about the psychiatric consequences of the use of these compounds). The patients had no psychiatric history.AimsShow the danger of these novel drugs that are often bought as apparently safe and legal.ConclusionsShare psychotic disorder was first introduced by Lasegue and Falret who hypothesized that transmission of psychiatric disturbance from one person to another was possible under certain circumstances. The correlation of symptoms with the intake of these substances is supposed in the light of a negative psychiatric history and no other concomitant medical treatments. An important number of case reports documented deaths related to the ingestion of mephedrone. Another problem is that these substances are not detected by standard blood and urine test so that the diagnosis of intoxication is often delayed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Quetiapine XR reduce impulsivity and dissociation in a sample of alcoholic patients
Authors: Godio M. , Preve M. , Suardi N.E. , Bolla E. , Colombo R.A. , Traber R. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAlcohol dependence (AD) is a major public health problem. Currently, three drugs for the treatment of AD have been approved: acamprosate, disulfiram and oral naltrexone. Quetiapine XR is an atypical antipsychotic has been shown to be a promising medication for the treatment of alcoholism [1,2]. The aim of our study is evaluate quetiapine efficacy on impulsivity in a sample of alcoholic patients.MethodA sample of alcoholic patients (n = 40) was assessed at the entrance and 2 months with: SCID-P, Brief-Temps, BIS-11, GSR, BPRS, SCI-DER, and CGI. The medium dosage of quetiapine is 300 mg.ResultsUsing the last observation carried forward, the mean total BIS score decreased from 60.8 at baseline to 40.2 at the final visit (P = .03). More pronounced improvement was observed in motor impulsiveness (P < .03) and attentional impulsiveness (P < .05) compared with non-planning impulsiveness (P = .09). We observed an improvement in SCI-DER total score (P = .02), in particular in derealization (P = .03) and autopsychic depersonalization (P = .04). A mean weight gain of 4.8 kg was observed. There is not significant different related to the different affective temperament.Discussion and conclusionAnalyses revealed a significant effect of Quetiapine XR in improving impulsivity and dissociation, in particular motor and attentional impulsiveness, derealization and autopsychic depersonalization. Moreover, an improvement of dissociative symptoms is probably connected with the blockade of postsynaptic 5-HT1A receptors [3]. Methodological limitations, clinical implications and suggestions for future research directions are considered.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alcohol and dual disorder. Paliperidone palmitate effectiveness
Authors: Raposo M.R. , Ivanov V. , Martínez I. , González A.L. , Piqueras M.D. , Busaileh A. , Murcia J.B. , Manzur P. , Belmar A. , Bello I. , Bravo S. , Gil A. , Rodríguez A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAlcohol use is a common behavior in most people in our society. A first episode of alcoholism can be fully recovered through specialized treatment and other protective factors and need not become a relapse later.ObjectivesWhether there are differences in alcohol use after 1, 3 and 6 months after the administration of paliperidone palmitate extended-release injectable suspension in a sample of patients.Material and methodsThis is a descriptive study that analyzed the differences observed with respect to alcohol use after administration of paliperidone palmitate in a sample of 98 patients attending in a Mental Health Centre, in the Unit for drug dependency to present pathology dual.ResultsThe percentage of alcohol use at baseline is 56.1% of the total sample.One month after treatment with paliperidone palmitate the percentage of use is reduced to 31.6%. At 3 months of treatment the reduction is more significant assuming only the 6.1% of the total sample. Finally after 6 months of treatment the percentage of patients maintaining alcohol use is 4.1%, which represents a 52% reduction compared to the initial rate of use.ConclusionsThe data reflect a 92% reduction in alcohol use after 6 months of the administration of paliperidone palmitate.We can say that paliperidone palmitate is effective in reducing alcohol use in patients with dual diagnosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dual diagnosis patients at first admission in an acute psychiatric ward. Trend over a decade
Authors: Rossi A. , Lombardi A. , Gramaglia C. , Cavanna M. , Bert F. , Siliquini R. , Zeppegno P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionDual diagnosis (DD) is the coexistence of a Psychiatric Disorder (PD), and Substance Use Disorder (SUD). The increase of DD observed in recent years has caused serious problems to both public and private services organization.AimsOur aim is to assess the prevalence and features (including clinical and sociodemographic ones) of DD over a decade, comparing the period 2003–2004 and 2013–2014.MethodsWe performed a retrospective study retrieving the medical records of DD patients at their first admission to the Psychiatry Ward AOU “Maggiore della Carità”, Novara, Italy. Sociodemographic and clinical features were recorded. The two groups of patients (2003–2004 vs. 2013–2014) were compared.ResultsIn both periods DD patients are usually Italian male, aged 19–40, single. They have usually attended middle school, live with parents, have two or more brothers and/or sisters but no kids. DD patients in 2003–2004 and 2013–2014 showed differences as far as employment and diagnosis are concerned. The first were more frequently employed than the latter: moreover the 2003–2004 patients were more frequently diagnosed with a personality disorder while the 2013–2014 patients had mixed diagnoses. We have found differences in the possible predictors of substance abuse in the two periods, as well.ConclusionsThe identification of changes in the prevalence of first admission DD patients and their clinical and sociodemographic features may help to highlight an evolving pattern of substance use and to identify possible risk factors which may be the target of prevention and treatment approaches.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Before and after nalmefene, a case report
Authors: Salgado N. , Benavente S. , Macías B. , Sanchez C. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionClinical and social improvement after treatment with nalmefene in an alcoholic 41-year-old male, with history of dependence during 20 years.Case reportOur patient had been abusing alcohol for almost 20 years with short breaks of abstinence (one month). Before treatment he made a consumption of 105 g of alcohol per day. Serological examination showed hepatic alterations (GGT 2115, ALT 229) and a low amount of platelets (61,000). He also had no other relevant medical history and other possible clinical diagnoses were excluded. After a week detoxification program and alcohol consumption cessation during one month, the analytical values drastically changed: ALT 35, GGT 275, platelets 222,000.DiscussionNalmefene is an opioid system modulator with antagonist activity at the μ and δ receptors and partial agonist activity at the κ receptor. Nalmefene as-needed has been shown to reduce the total amount of alcohol consumption and number of heavy drinking days and to improve liver function. The aim of this treatment is centered in decreasing consumption rather than achieving a total abstinence.ConclusionsAgainst other pharmacologic approaches such as disulfiram an acamprosate, the options that allow acute consumption help patients in controlling drinking rampage and make them realize they will be able to afford alcohol cessation.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Gender differences in the use of prohibited substances in prison
Authors: Sanz Garcia O. , Ibañez M.P. , Muro A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to evaluate the use of both legal and illegal substances, and see the difference in consumption patterns that occur in both men and women.MethodsSurveys have been conducted on consumer habits in the past year among 84 inmates (60 women and 24 men) at the prison Brians 1, interrogating both the consumption of illegal drugs and consumer recreational drugs and routes of administration. Data were analyzed using SPSS program.ResultsA total of 57.1% had used illegal drugs. The most frequent was cannabis, with 54.8% (62.5% men and 51.7% women), followed by heroin, with 23.8% (29.2% in men and 21.7% in women) and cocaine, with 14.3% (20.8% in men and 11.7% women).Use of legal drugs was 45.2% (50% in men and 43.3% women). In this case, the greatest differences were obtained in the use of bupropion (26.7% women versus 0% men), new generation anticonvulsants such as gabapentin and pregabalin (31.7% women and 12.5% men) and the use of intranasal route of administration (31.7% women versus 0% for men). At the other extreme we find more abuse benzodiazepines abuse in men (45.8 versus 20% in women) and sedative antipsychotics (37.5% vs. 8.3%)ConclusionsAlthough there is a serious problem with the misuse of legal psychotropic drugs by inmates in prisons, there is still greater consumption of illegal substances.Men's consumption pattern is more “traditional” (predominance of illegal substances and “classical” legal substances orally).Women's consumption pattern is more experimental at both the use of new psychoactive drugs and the use of alternative routes of administration.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Hereditary influence in alcohol dependence
Authors: Teixeira J. , Pereira G. , Mota T. , Cabral Fernandes J. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAlcohol dependence is one of the psychiatric disorders for which hereditary influence is strongest. In fact, the importance of genetic factors in transmission of vulnerability to alcohol dependence was first described in literature many years ago by psychiatrists who dedicate to its study. That vulnerability may be explained by an epigenetic model in which biological hereditary factors associate with environmental factors to cause alcohol dependence.ObjectivesStudy the influence of genetic factors on alcohol dependence.MethodsDuring 4 consecutive months a sample of alcoholic patients was collected from the Alcohol Treatment Unit of CHPL (inpatients and outpatients). Biographic data, patient's psychiatric diagnosis and family history of alcohol dependence or of dependence of other drugs were recorded.ResultsInitial sample included 122 patients. After exclusion of patients who were also hospitalized in that period, the final sample included 102 patients (26% female), with a mean age of 48 years old. Main patients’ diagnosis was alcohol dependence but most of them (52%) presented psychiatric comorbidity. Most patients (55%) had family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances, 26% did not have and 19% did not know. For 61% of patients, the father and/or mother were the affected relative. Most patients (61%) who had a family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances had 2 or more affected relatives.ConclusionsMost patients with alcohol dependence have family history of alcohol dependence or dependence of other substances, usually in more than 1 relative, which must be taken in account during treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Alexithymia in a sample of alcohol-dependent patients: Clinical correlations and cognitive patterns
Authors: Vecchiotti R. , Orsolini L. , Panichi M. , Marconi M. , Valchera A. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionAlexithymia represents a personality construct, characterized by an inability in identifying and verbally describing own and others’ emotions. According to the recent research on emotional dysregulation and the alexithymic construct, it has been described a positive correlation between alcoholism and alexithymia. The present study aims to evaluate the presence of alexithymia in a sample of alcohol dependant patients and, therefore, analyze how the presence of these alexithymic traits may influence/interact with a range of cognitive processes such as the anger rumination, metacognitive capabilities and dissociative experiences.MethodsA sample of 40 alcohol dependant inpatients affected with alcohol dependence and alcohol-related issues were recruited, evaluated and compared with a sample of 40 healthy controls. A clinical evaluation and a complete clinical and psychological assessment were carried out in order to investigate alcohol-related clinical patterns, alexithymia construct, anxiety and depression symptomatology and cognitive pattern.ResultsSubjects with alcohol addiction show higher total scores in all tests except the scale that evaluates anxiety, compared to healthy controls. Finally, a factorial ANOVA analysis demonstrated that alcoholism seems to be determined by the lack of emotional recognition from which derives a dissociative state, which consequently generates a depressive rumination.ConclusionsAccording to the recent literature, the present study identifies a significant proportion of alexithymic patients within the sample of subjects affected by alcohol-related disorders. Other clinical variables (i.e. depression, pathological anxiety-related worry, anger rumination, dissociation and metacognitive capabilities) mirror a specific cognitive pattern in the sample of alcoholics rather than the healthy group.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Effects of BF-HRV of opioid-dependent persons with pathological gambling
Authors: Gorzelanczyk E. , Feit J. , Pasgreta K. , Laskowska E. , Walecki P. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionIt is necessary to search for and to carry out effective treatments for chemical dependency – including behavioral addictions. One of the methods used in various disorders is a biofeedback HRV (BF-HRV). The aim of the study is to examine the impact of BF-HRV on people addicted behaviorally to gambling and chemically dependent patients on opioids.Material and methodsTwenty-four opioid addicts were examined. We used emWave (HeartMath) with a heart rhythm monitor to learn stress reduction and emotional management skills. For a detailed analysis of the HRV data was used Kubios 2.0 software (Biosignal Analysis and Medical Imaging Group).ResultsThe average value of the three components of HRV, i.e. low (LF), medium (MF) and high (HF) frequencies of spectral energy FFT recorded during six consecutive sessions of BF-HRV were the following: 1st session LF 63%; MF: 17%; HF: 19%. Changing parameters in the next sessions: 2nd session LF −9.27%, MF: +0.50%, HF: +6.19%; 3rd session LF −11.11%, MF: +1.00%, HF: −10.07%; 4th session LF −14.27%, MF: −4.17%, HF: +18.77%; 5th session LF −15.02%, MF: −2.04%, HF: +17.07%; 5th session LF −15.02%, MF: −2.04%, HF: +17.07%; 6th session LF −20.86%, MF: −4.04%, HF: +24.90.ConclusionsAfter the BF-HRV training decrease low and medium frequencies (LF-MF) and increase high frequency (HF). Recent studies suggest that LF-HRV is an index of cardiac sympathetic control and the LF/HF ratio is an index of sympathovagal balance.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Low vitamin D, and bone mineral density with depressive symptoms burden in menopausal and post-menopause women
Authors: Bener A. 
Published: May 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of current study was conducted to determine whether low vitamin D level and BMD are associated with depressive symptoms as burden in Arab women during the menopausal and post-menopausal period.Design and settingA cross-sectional descriptive study.SubjectsA multi-stage sampling design was used and a representative sample of 1436 women aged 45–65 years were included.MethodsBone mineral densitometry measurements [BMD] (g/m2) was assessed at the BMD unit using. Data on body mass index (BMI), clinical biochemistry variables including serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were collected. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was administered for depression purposes.ResultsOf the 1436 women living in urban and rural areas, 1106 women agreed to participate (77.0%). There were statistically significance differences between menopausal stages with regards to ethnicity, education level, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, parity, sheesha smoking and depressive symptoms. Overall, 30.4% of women were affected with osteopenia/osteoporosis in menopause and postmenopausal (24.4% vs. 35.7%; P = 0.0442). Osteopenia in menopause and postmenopausal (18.7% vs. 29.3%; P = 0.030) and osteoporosis (9.9% vs. 15.9%; P = 0.049) were significantly higher in post-menopausal women than in pre-menopausal women (P = 0.046). Similarly, vitamin D deficiency was more prevalent among postmenopausal women than menopausal women. The study revealed that vitamin D level, hemoglobin level, serum iron fasting plasma glucose, calcium, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, alkaline phosphate and magnesium were considerably lower in postmenopausal compared to menopause women (P < 0.001).ConclusionThe study confirmed strong association between vitamin D level and BMD in Arab women during the menopausal and post-menopausal period.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
A research on anxiety disorder prevalence and severity among vestibuler migraine and migraine patients
Authors: Kutay Yüksel Ö. , Akdal G. , Alkın T. , Dönmez Balcı B. 
Published: May 2016

In this research, anxiety, depression symptoms and severity were compared between healthy controls (HC), vestibuler migraine (VM) and migraine patients without history of vertigo (MO).MethodThirty-five definite vestibuler migraine patients (according to Neuhauser criteria), 35 MO patients and 32 healthy controls were included. All patients were evaluated for their lifetime psychiatric disorders with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM–IV/Clinical version (SCID-I/CV). All three groups evaluated by:– Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HARS);– State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), (STAI-X1) and the other trait anxiety STAI-X2);– Beck depression inventory (BDI);– Lifetime Panic Agoraphobic Spectrum Scale (PAS-SR);– Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PENN);– Separation Anxiety Symptoms Inventory (SASI);– Adult Separation Anxiety Questionnaire (ASA).Psychiatric diagnosis history (SCID-I); comparison of VM and MO did not indicate a significant difference (P < 0.05). VM and MO patients were significantly different than HC in terms of anxiety symptoms in “HAM-A, PENN, ASA, PAS-SR and PAS-SR subscales (P < 0.05)”. VM was significantly different than MO patients in BDE and PAS-SR (overall; separation anxiety, agoraphobia, reassurance seeking) (P < 0.05). The longer the history of migraine the higher was the anxiety points in both in VM and MO patients (P < 0.05). Headache and vertigo severity in VM patients were significantly correlated with the elevated anxiety and depression points (P < 0.05).ConclusionVM and MO patients significantly different in anxiety and mood disorder when compared with healthy controls. Our findings showed that VM patients were more vulnerable to psychiatric disorders. For that reason, multidisciplinary approach for the treatment of VM may facilitate the treatment process.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Balkan region preferences for the treatment of anxiety disorders
Authors: Latas M. , Bonevski D. , Andromahi Naumovska A. 
Published: May 2016

The most countries from West Balkan region do not have the official guidelines for the treatment of patients with anxiety disorders (AD).We have done the survey on preferences of treatment of patients with AD. We have collected data from sample of 221 psychiatrists from Croatia (41 psychiatrists), Macedonia (81 psychiatrists) and Serbia (99 psychiatrists). They give as information about their preferences for treating patients with AD.The results indicate that the vast majority of psychiatrists report that almost all patients with AD receive benzodiazepines prior to first psychiatric visit. The majority of psychiatrist would opt for SSRI/SNRI antidepressants (91–97%) as the monotherapy or in combination with benzodiazepines (53–59%) or in combination with cognitive-behavior (25–35%) or psychodynamic psychotherapy (12–16%).The most indicative difference between psychiatrists from different countries is result about the use of pregabalin – almost half of Serbian subsample would opt for pregabalin, but only a quarter of Croatian subsample and no psychiatrist from Macedonian subsample would choose pregabalin. Also, much more Macedonian and Serbian psychiatrist would opt for CBT treatment, but, in contrast, much more Croatian psychiatrist would opt for psychodynamic psychotherapy versus CBT. There is the dissimilarity between preferences for patients’ treatment and preferences for psychiatrists himself/herself treatment:– more than half of the sample would opt for benzodiazepines in their patients but only the third of the sample would prefer benzodiazepines for himself/herself treatment;– more psychiatrists would prefer to receive psychotherapy treatment than they would prefer to give it to their patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Mental health and drug
Authors: Alonso Díaz R. , Cortázar Alonso E. , Guillén Rodrigo H. 
Published: May 2016

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is often associated with various comorbidities. It is substance use disorders (SUD) one of the most frequent comorbidities.The ECA study (Epidemiologic Catchment Area) observed a prevalence over the life of the 56, 1% for any TUS in the total sample of patients with bipolar disorder. In subjects with bipolar I disorder prevalence was 60.7%, and those of type II 48.1.In the OMS study conducted in America, Europe and Asia, the results confirm the high rates of disorders in patients diagnosed with bipolar disorder regardless of the country of study.CaseThis is a male, 32, who came first to the Provincial Drug Addiction Service of Huelva in 2009 for cocaine, cannabis and alcohol.In his personal history, he relates a convulsive episode at 14 years and one manic episode associated with consumption of cocaine in 2002 which began to be treated by a team of Mental Health and Provincial Center for Addictions.He entered twice in a therapeutic community in 2009 for treatment for their disorder dependence on cocaine, alcohol and cannabis.It has required admission to the Unit Hospitalization twice in 2012, with the discharge diagnosis of manic episode secondary to drug consumption.ConclusionsMost epidemiological studies in recent decades note the high prevalence of comorbidity BD + SUD.BD-SUD comorbidity is particularly complex because each disorder affects the evolution of the other and they are frequently multiple comorbidities. In addition, it implies a worse clinical and functional outcome as well as poorer therapeutic response.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.