bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sedimentology and stratigraphic architecture of a Miocene retrogradational, tide-dominated delta system: Balingian Province, offshore Sarawak, Malaysia
Authors: Amir Hassan Meor H. , Johnson Howard D. , Allison Peter A. , Abdullah Wan H. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract

The Balingian Province of NW Borneo is a major hydrocarbon-bearing region with production dominantly from Early Miocene (cycle II) coastal to lower coastal plain deposits. A regional sedimentological synthesis is outlined from the main productive interval of three offshore oilfields, which are representative of the depositional environments and stratigraphic architecture in cycle II. Four types of vertical facies successions are recognized: (1) fluvio-tidal channel; (2) tide-dominated delta front; (3) wave-dominated shoreface; and (4) barrier lagoon. The facies successions demonstrate that cycle II consists of a tide-dominated delta system that is partly analogous to the modern Rajang Delta and Lupar Embayment of southern Sarawak. Fluvio-tidal channel and tide-dominated delta successions represent periods of river-fed progradation. Wave-dominated shoreface and barrier lagoon facies successions represent depositional systems that developed during periods of transgression and/or delta lobe abandonment. Cycle II consists of several high-order sequences stacked together into two lower-order,
c.
100–300 m thick fining-upwards, unconformity-bounded megasequences. This stratigraphic architecture reflects a combination of hinterland denudation and long-term eustatic sea-level rise. These trends were interrupted by frequent, higher-order relative sea-level falls, which were a result of movement along the West Balingian Line fault zone. Variations in the thickness of megasequences between the three oilfields reflect fluctuations in tectonically driven subsidence rates. This exerted a fundamental control on the reservoir architecture, zonation and correlation and provides a basis for comparing field behaviour.
Integrin-α10 Dependency Identifies RAC and RICTOR as Therapeutic Targets in High-Grade Myxofibrosarcoma
Authors: Okada Tomoyo , Lee Ann Y. , Qin Li-Xuan , Agaram Narasimhan , Mimae Takahiro , Shen Yawei , O'Connor Rachael , López-Lago Miguel A. , Craig Amanda , Miller Martin L. , Agius Phaedra , Molinelli Evan , Socci Nicholas D. , Crago Aimee M. , Shima Fumi , Sander Chris , Singer Samuel 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Myxofibrosarcoma is a common mesenchymal malignancy with complex genomics and heterogeneous clinical outcomes. Through gene-expression profiling of 64 primary high-grade myxofibrosarcomas, we defined an expression signature associated with clinical outcome. The gene most significantly associated with disease-specific death and distant metastasis was ITGA10 (integrin-α10). Functional studies revealed that myxofibrosarcoma cells strongly depended on integrin-α10, whereas normal mesenchymal cells did not. Integrin-α10 transmitted its tumor-specific signal via TRIO and RICTOR, two oncoproteins that are frequently co-overexpressed through gene amplification on chromosome 5p. TRIO and RICTOR activated RAC/PAK and AKT/mTOR to promote sarcoma cell survival. Inhibition of these proteins with EHop-016 (RAC inhibitor) and INK128 (mTOR inhibitor) had antitumor effects in tumor-derived cell lines and mouse xenografts, and combining the drugs enhanced the effects. Our results demonstrate the importance of integrin-α10/TRIO/RICTOR signaling for driving myxofibrosarcoma progression and provide the basis for promising targeted treatment strategies for patients with high-risk disease.
Significance: Identifying the molecular pathogenesis for myxofibrosarcoma progression has proven challenging given the highly complex genomic alterations in this tumor type. We found that integrin-α10 promotes tumor cell survival through activation of TRIO–RAC–RICTOR–mTOR signaling, and that inhibitors of RAC and mTOR have antitumor effects in vivo, thus identifying a potential treatment strategy for patients with high-risk myxofibrosarcoma. Cancer Discov; 6(10); 1148–65. ©2016 AACR.
This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1069
Validation of the Coronary Artery Bypass Graft SYNTAX Score (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus) as a Prognostic Marker for Patients With Previous Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Miyagi Tadayoshi , Asaumi Yasuhide , Nishimura Kunihiro , Nakashima Takahiro , Sakamoto Hiroki , Nakao Kazuhiro , Kanaya Tomoaki , Nagai Toshiyuki , Shimabukuro Yuji , Miyamoto Yoshihiro , Fujita Tomoyuki , Kusano Kengo , Anzai Toshihisa , Kobayashi Junjirou , Noguchi Teruo , Ogawa Hisao , Yasuda Satoshi 
Published: August 2016

Background—
The efficacy and prognosis of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) as secondary revascularization in patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery remain uncertain.

Methods and Results—

We retrospectively evaluated 434 consecutive patients with previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery hospitalized for PCI between 2004 and 2011 (men 84%, age 71 (interquartile range, 66–76) years) and calculated the coronary artery bypass graft Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus score (CSS) before (baseline CSS) and after PCI (post-PCI CSS). Patients were divided into 2 groups based on median post-PCI CSS: low-score (≤23; n=217) and high-score groups (>23; n=217). Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and unplanned repeat revascularization for myocardial ischemia. The median baseline and post-PCI CSS were 30 (interquartile range, 21–40) and 23 (interquartile range, 14.5–33.5), respectively. During a median follow-up of 69 months, the prevalence of MACE and cardiac death differed significantly between the 2 post-PCI CSS groups (MACE: low, 13.8%; high, 28.6%;
P
<0.001; cardiac death: low, 6.2%; high, 16.7%;
P
=0.002). In multivariable analysis, the high post-PCI CSS divided by the median was associated with substantially greater cumulative MACE (hazard ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.31–3.34;
P
=0.002) and cardiac death (hazard ratio, 2.02; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–3.98;
P
=0.042) compared with the low post-PCI CSS. Net reclassification improvement analysis revealed that post-PCI CSS resulted in significantly improved prediction of MACE and cardiac death compared with baseline CSS.

Conclusions—
In this external validation study, the CSS was a potential prognostic factor after subsequent PCI, even for previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients.
Toll-Like Receptor 4/MyD88–Mediated Signaling of Hepcidin Expression Causing Brain Iron Accumulation, Oxidative Injury, and Cognitive Impairment After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Authors: Xiong Xiao-Yi , Liu Liang , Wang Fa-Xiang , Yang Yuan-Rui , Hao Jun-Wei , Wang Peng-Fei , Zhong Qi , Zhou Kai , Xiong Ao , Zhu Wen-Yao , Zhao Ting , Meng Zhao-You , Wang Yan-Chun , Gong Qiu-Wen , Liao Mao-Fan , Wang Jian , Yang Qing-Wu 
Published: August 2016

Background:
Disturbance of brain iron metabolism after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) results in oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment. Hepcidin plays an important role in regulating iron metabolism, and we have reported that serum hepcidin is positively correlated with poor outcomes in patients with ICH. However, the roles of hepcidin in brain iron metabolism after ICH remain largely unknown.

Methods:
Parabiosis and ICH models combined with in vivo and in vitro experiments were used to investigate the roles of hepcidin in brain iron metabolism after ICH.

Results:

Increased hepcidin-25 was found in serum and primarily in astrocytes after ICH. The brain iron efflux, oxidative brain injury, and cognition impairment were improved in Hepc
−/−
ICH mice but aggravated by the human hepcidin-25 peptide in C57BL/6 ICH mice. Data obtained in in vitro studies showed that increased hepcidin inhibited the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells but was rescued by a hepcidin antagonist, fursultiamine. Using parabiosis ICH models also shows that increased serum hepcidin prevents brain iron efflux. In addition, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/MyD88 signaling pathway increased hepcidin expression by promoting interleukin-6 expression and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 phosphorylation. TLR4
−/−
and MyD88
−/−
mice exhibited improvement in brain iron efflux at 7, 14, and 28 days after ICH, and the TLR4 antagonist (6R)-6-[
N
-(2-chloro-4-fluorophenyl) sulfamoyl] cyclohex-1-ene-1–carboxylate significantly decreased brain iron levels at days 14 and 28 after ICH and improved cognition impairment at day 28.

Conclusions:
The results presented here show that increased hepcidin expression caused by inflammation prevents brain iron efflux via inhibition of the intracellular iron efflux of brain microvascular endothelial cells entering into circulation and aggravating oxidative brain injury and cognition impairment, which identifies a mechanistic target for muting inflammation to promote brain iron efflux and to attenuate oxidative brain injury after ICH.
Progression of Brain Network Alterations in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy
Authors: Reijmer Yael D. , Fotiadis Panagiotis , Riley Grace A. , Xiong Li , Charidimou Andreas , Boulouis Gregoire , Ayres Alison M. , Schwab Kristin , Rosand Jonathan , Gurol M. Edip , Viswanathan Anand , Greenberg Steven M. 
Published: August 2016

Background and Purpose—
We recently showed that cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is associated with functionally relevant brain network impairments, in particular affecting posterior white matter connections. Here we examined how these brain network impairments progress over time.

Methods—
Thirty-three patients with probable CAA underwent multimodal brain magnetic resonance imaging at 2 time points (mean follow-up time: 1.3±0.4 years). Brain networks of the hemisphere free of intracerebral hemorrhages were reconstructed using fiber tractography and graph theory. The global efficiency of the network and mean fractional anisotropies of posterior–posterior, frontal–frontal, and posterior–frontal network connections were calculated. Patients with moderate versus severe CAA were defined based on microbleed count, dichotomized at the median (median=35).

Results—

Global efficiency of the intracerebral hemorrhage–free hemispheric network declined from baseline to follow-up (−0.008±0.003;
P
=0.029). The decline in global efficiency was most pronounced for patients with severe CAA (group×time interaction
P
=0.03). The decline in global network efficiency was associated with worse executive functioning (β=0.46;
P
=0.03). Examination of subgroups of network connections revealed a decline in fractional anisotropies of posterior–posterior connections at both levels of CAA severity (−0.006±0.002;
P
=0.017; group×time interaction
P
=0.16). The fractional anisotropies of posterior–frontal and frontal–frontal connections declined in patients with severe but not moderate CAA (group×time interaction
P
=0.007 and
P
=0.005). Associations were independent of change in white matter hyperintensity volume.

Conclusions—
Brain network impairment in patients with CAA worsens measurably over just 1.3-year follow-up and seem to progress from posterior to frontal connections with increasing disease severity.
The Impact of the Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation on the Tropopause
Authors: Wu Yutian , Shaw Tiffany A. 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
Previous studies have identified two important features of summertime thermodynamics: 1) a significant correlation between the low-level distribution of equivalent potential temperature and the potential temperature θ of the extratropical tropopause and 2) a northwestward shift of the maximum tropopause θ relative to the maximum low-level . Here, the authors hypothesize these two features occur because of the Asian monsoon circulation. The hypothesis is examined using a set of idealized prescribed sea surface temperature (SST) aquaplanet simulations. Simulations with a zonally symmetric background climate exhibit a weak moisture–tropopause correlation. A significant correlation and northwestward shift occurs when a zonal wave-1 SST perturbation is introduced in the Northern Hemisphere subtropics. The equivalent zonal-mean subtropical warming does not produce a significant correlation.
A mechanism is proposed to explain the moisture–tropopause connection that involves the circulation response to zonally asymmetric surface heating and its impact on the tropopause defined by the 2-potential-vorticity-unit (PVU; 1 PVU = 10−6 K kg−1 m2 s−1) surface. While the circulation response to diabatic heating is well known, here the focus is on the implications for the tropopause. Consistent with previous research, surface heating increases the low-level and produces low-level convergence and a cyclonic circulation. The low-level convergence is coupled with upper-level divergence via convection and produces an upper-level anticyclonic circulation consistent with Sverdrup balance. The anticyclonic vorticity lowers the PV northwest of the surface heating via Rossby wave dynamics. The decreased PV leads to a northwestward shift of the 2-PVU surface on fixed pressure levels. The θ value to the northwest of the surface heating is higher, and consequently the maximum tropopause θ increases.
Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Blocking Representation in Global Climate Models: Twenty Years of Improvements?
Authors: Davini Paolo , D’Andrea Fabio 
Published: August 2016

Abstract
The correct simulation of midlatitude atmospheric blocking has always been a main concern since the earliest days of numerical modeling of Earth’s atmosphere. To this day blocking represents a considerable source of error for general circulation models from both a numerical weather prediction and a climate perspective. In the present work, 20 years of global climate model (GCM) developments are analyzed from the special point of view of Northern Hemisphere atmospheric blocking simulation. Making use of a series of equivalent metrics, three generations of GCMs are compared. This encompasses a total of 95 climate models, many of which are different—successive—versions of the same model. Results from model intercomparison projects AMIP1 (1992), CMIP3 (2007), and CMIP5 (2012) are taken into consideration. Although large improvements are seen over the Pacific Ocean, only minor advancements have been achieved over the Euro-Atlantic sector. Some of the most recent GCMs still exhibit the same negative bias as 20 years ago in this region, associated with large geopotential height systematic errors. Some individual models, nevertheless, have improved and do show good performances in both sectors. Negligible differences emerge among ocean-coupled or atmosphere-only simulations, suggesting weak relevance of sea surface temperature biases. Conversely, increased horizontal resolution seems to be able to alleviate the Euro-Atlantic blocking bias.
A Note on the Stability of the Estimates of Standard Errors of the Ordinary Mean Estimate and the Ratio Estimate
Authors: Kokan A. R. 
Published: August 2016

Summary The stabilities of the estimates of standard errors of the ordinary mean estimate and the ratio estimate are compared for bivariate normal and log normal distributions. Two numerical examples are also given. It is found that an estimate of the standard error of the ordinary mean estimate is always more stable than an estimate of the standard error of the ratio estimate in the case of simple random sampling from a bivariate normal population. For samples from a bivariate log normal population also this property holds for certain ranges of k and C2 , as seen from Table 1. The numerical examples also support this result. Hence there is need for caution in the indiscriminate use of ratio method of estimation. Only sampling with replacement is considered here, but it is likely that the conclusions drawn in this paper hold approximately well in the case of simple random sampling without replacement also.
Admissible Estimates for any Sampling Design
Authors: Hege Vijaya S. 
Published: August 2016

Summary Godambe (1960) and Roy and Chakraborti (1960) have proved the admissibility of Horvitz and Thomson's estimate viz. [Formula: see text] (the summation is taken over distinct units in the sample and P(α) in the probability of u(α) being included in the sample) in the class of all linear unbiased estimates of the population total [Formula: see text] where the population U contains a finite number N of identifiable units, u(1), u(2), ... u( N). In this paper construction of some more admissible estimates is given.
A Note on Serial Correlation Coefficients and Related Characterizations of Gamma and Exponential Distributions
Authors: Shanbhag D. N. , Basawa I. V. 
Published: August 2016

Summary Some properties of the distribution of the serial correlation coefficient based on a sample of independent observations and that of a certain related statistic are used to characterize gamma and exponential distributions. Also, a certain extension of the central limit theorem is given which may be useful in establishing the asymptotic normality of serial correla­ tion­type statistics.
A Minimax Procedure for Selecting the Population with the Largest (Smallest) Scale Parameter
Authors: Ofosu J. B. 
Published: August 2016

Summary A MINIMAX procedure is given for selecting the population with the largest scale parameter from k gamma populations with unknown scale parameters and a common known shape parameter. The main results are applied to the scale parameter problem for the Weibull distribution as well as the normal distribution with known and unknown mean.
Inverse Sampling for Bivariate Nonparametric Two-Sample Problems Against Restricted Alternatives
Authors: Bandyopadhyay Uttam , Chattopadhyay Gopaldeb 
Published: August 2016

The object of the present investigation is to provide suitable nonparametric tests for testing the identity of two bivariate distribution functions F1 and F2 against a class of restricted alternatives when there is sample of fixed size m from F1 and the observations from F2 are drawn sequentially. Various large sample results of the proposed tests are formulated and examined. AMS Subject Classification: Primary 62010, Secondary 62020.
On Estimation of a Functional of a Probability Density Function
Authors: Odongo L. O. , Samanta M. 
Published: August 2016

The problem of estimating the integral of the square of a probability density function is considered, It is shown that under some regularity conditions the kernel estimate of this functional is asymptotically normally distributed. An expression for the smoothing parameter that minimizes the mean square error of the estimate is derived. Results of simulation studies are included. AMS (1980) Subject Classification: Primary 62G07 Secondary 60FOS.
Improved Tests for an Ordered Hypothesis in one Parameter Exponential Families
Authors: Li Teng 
Published: August 2016

We consider m independent one parameter exponential families with parameters (θ1, θ2,  , θ m), and the alternative hypothesis [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] are specified. The null hypothesis Ho is the complement of H1. A class of tests more powerful than the likelihood ratio test (LRT) is derived. Applications to two special cases, Binomial and Poisson, are indicated. AMS 1980 Subject Classification: Primary 62F03
Designs Robust Against Aberrations
Authors: Mandal N. K. , Shah K. R. 
Published: August 2016

In this paper, we obtain sufficient conditions for a design to be robust against aberrations in the sense of Box and Draper. Block designs, row-column designs and fractional designs are considered here. An alternative formulation of robustness is also presented. AMS Subject Classification: Primary 62K99; Secondary 62K05.
An Optimal Sequential Procedure for Ranking Pairwise Compared Treatments
Authors: Bhandari S. K. , Hande S. N. , Ali M. Masoom 
Published: August 2016

Scores of k players have been observed. Tho problem of selecting the player with highest expected wins is considered. An optimal sequential rule has been derived in this context, Its efficiency with the bost fixed sample size rule is considered at the common least favourable configuration. AMS 1980 Subject Classification: 62F07.
Use OE Ranked Set Sampling for Test of a Normal Mean
Authors: Shen Wei-Hsiung 
Published: August 2016

In situations where the experimental or sampling units in a study can be easily ranked than quantified, Mcintyre (1952) proposed the notion of a ranked set sample ( RSS), and observed that, to estimate the population mean, the sample mean based on a RSS sample of size n provides an unbiased estimator with a smaller variance compared to a simple random sample mean of the same size n. Mcintyre's concept of RSS is essentially nonparametric in nature in that the underlying population distribution is assumed to be completely unknown. Sinha et al. (1992) in a recent paper further explored the concept of RSS and its many variations for estimation of a normal mean and a normal variance, and an exponential mean. In this paper we use the concept of RSS to derive tests for a normal mean μ when the variance is known, and show that many improved tests can be constructed, all of which are much better than the traditional normal test. All our tests are based on the improved eetimators of μ derived in Sinha et. al. (1992).
A Class of Probability Distributions Characterized Through Paired Comparison Models
Authors: Roy Dilip 
Published: August 2016

We examine the paired comparison model and obtain a class of probability distributions for which the ratio of intrinsic worths of two products remains unaltered irrespective of the lower time truncation point applied to items of both products. The class of distributions so obtained has been shown to have many nice properties both from the reliability point of view and paired comparison point of view. We also present a characterization result using its within class properties.
Some new Results on Probability Matching Priors
Authors: Datta Gauri Sankar , Ghosh Malay , Mukerjee Rahul 
Published: August 2016

The paper has three components. First, for a realvalued parameter of interest orthogonal (Cox and Reid, 1987) to the nuisance parameter vector, we find a necessary and sufficient condition for the equivalence of second order quantile matching priors and highest posterior density regions matching priors within the class of first order quantile matching priors. Examples are presented to illustrate the result. Second, we develop a quantile matching prior in a normal hierarchical Bayesian model. This prior turns out to be different from the one proposed earlier by Morris (1983). Third, we obtain an exact matching result when the objective is prediction of a real-valued random variable from a location family of distributions. AMS (2000) Subject Classification: 62F15, 62F25, 62E20
Parametric Identifiability and Model-Preserving Constraints
Authors: Dasgupta Abhijit , Gupta S. Das 
Published: August 2016

The identifiability problem arises when a parametric family of probability distributions is not related to the space of parameters by a one-to-one correspondence. We give a brief review of the recent theoretical development relating to the identifiability problems, specifically focussing on the equivalence classes, conditions for identifiability and determination of identifying functions which lead to reparametrization. We present general definitions of identifiable constraints and model-preserving constraints, and indicate how any given parametric constraint can be expressed as an intersection of an identifiable constraint and a model-preserving constraint. We also present a necessary and sufficient condition for a linear constraint in a linear model to be model-preserving. AMS{2000} Subject Classification: 62J12, 62J99.