bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enantioselective Cascade Reaction for Synthesis of Quinolinones through Synergistic Catalysis Using Cu–Pybox and Chiral Benzotetramisole as Catalysts
Authors: Lu Xuehe , Ge Luo , Cheng Cang , Chen Jie , Cao Weiguo , Wu Xiaoyu 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn contrast to the well‐studied asymmetric catalyzed synthesis of tetrahydroquinolines, the asymmetric methodologies toward 3,4‐dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones are quite rare. Herein, the first asymmetric cascade reaction is reported between ethynyl benzoxazinanones and mixed‐anhydrides generated from aryl acetic acids and pivaloyl chloride, based on synergistic catalysis. This allowed the formation of attractive 3,4‐dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones bearing two vicinal chiral centers at C3 and C4 in high yields with excellent diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. A plausible chiral induction model for this reaction was proposed. The utility of this methodology was exemplified by further elaboration of the cyclization products by removal of the N‐protecting groups.
Treatment experiences of Latinas after diagnosis of breast cancer
Authors: Katz Steven J. , Wallner Lauren P. , Abrahamse Paul H. , Janz Nancy K. , Martinez Kathryn A. , Shumway Dean A. , Hamilton Ann S. , Ward Kevin C. , Resnicow Kenneth A. , Hawley Sarah T. 
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUNDThe authors examined racial/ethnic differences in patient perspectives regarding their breast cancer treatment experiences.METHODSA weighted random sample of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer between 2013 and 2015 in Los Angeles County and Georgia were sent surveys 2 months after undergoing surgery (5080 women; 70% response rate). The analytic sample was limited to patients residing in Los Angeles County (2397 women).RESULTSThe pattern of visits with different specialists before surgery was found to be similar across racial/ethnic groups. Low acculturated Latinas (Latinas‐LA) were less likely to report high clinician communication quality for both surgeons and medical oncologists (<69% vs >72% for all other groups; P<.05). The percentage of patients who reported high satisfaction regarding how physicians worked together was similar across racial/ethnic groups. Latinas‐LA were more likely to have a low autonomy decision style (48% vs 24%‐50% for all other groups; P<.001) and were more likely to report receiving too much information versus other ethnic groups (20% vs <16% for other groups; P<.001). Patients who reported a low autonomy decision style were more likely to rate the amount of information they received for the surgery decision as “too much” (16% vs 9%; P<.001).CONCLUSIONSThere appears to be moderate disparity in breast cancer treatment communication and decision‐making experiences reported by Latinas‐LA versus other groups. The approach to treatment decision making by Latinas‐LA represents an important challenge to health care providers. Initiatives are needed to improve patient engagement in decision making and increase clinician awareness of these challenges in this patient population. Cancer 2017;123:3022–30. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
High‐throughput, label‐free, single‐cell, microalgal lipid screening by machine‐learning‐equipped optofluidic time‐stretch quantitative phase microscopy
Authors: Guo Baoshan , Lei Cheng , Kobayashi Hirofumi , Ito Takuro , Yalikun Yaxiaer , Jiang Yiyue , Tanaka Yo , Ozeki Yasuyuki , Goda Keisuke 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThe development of reliable, sustainable, and economical sources of alternative fuels to petroleum is required to tackle the global energy crisis. One such alternative is microalgal biofuel, which is expected to play a key role in reducing the detrimental effects of global warming as microalgae absorb atmospheric CO2 via photosynthesis. Unfortunately, conventional analytical methods only provide population‐averaged lipid amounts and fail to characterize a diverse population of microalgal cells with single‐cell resolution in a non‐invasive and interference‐free manner. Here high‐throughput label‐free single‐cell screening of lipid‐producing microalgal cells with optofluidic time‐stretch quantitative phase microscopy was demonstrated. In particular, Euglena gracilis, an attractive microalgal species that produces wax esters (suitable for biodiesel and aviation fuel after refinement), within lipid droplets was investigated. The optofluidic time‐stretch quantitative phase microscope is based on an integration of a hydrodynamic‐focusing microfluidic chip, an optical time‐stretch quantitative phase microscope, and a digital image processor equipped with machine learning. As a result, it provides both the opacity and phase maps of every single cell at a high throughput of 10,000 cells/s, enabling accurate cell classification without the need for fluorescent staining. Specifically, the dataset was used to characterize heterogeneous populations of E. gracilis cells under two different culture conditions (nitrogen‐sufficient and nitrogen‐deficient) and achieve the cell classification with an error rate of only 2.15%. The method holds promise as an effective analytical tool for microalgae‐based biofuel production. © 2017 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
The value of the UroVysion® FISH assay in the risk‐stratification of patients with “atypical urothelial cells” in urinary cytology specimens
Authors: Virk Renu K. , Abro Schuharazad , de Ubago Julianne Muus Martinez , Pambuccian Stefan E. , Quek Marcus L. , Wojcik Eva M. , Mehrotra Swati , Chatt Grazina U. , Barkan Güliz A. 
Published: April 2017

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the potential use of the UroVysion® fluorescent in situ hybridization test (U‐FISH) to stratify the risk of urothelial carcinoma (UC) in patients with a diagnosis of “atypical urothelial cells” (AUC) in urinary tract cytology (UTCy).MethodsUsing a histologic diagnosis of UC and respectively of high grade UC (HGUC) within 12 months of the index UTCy as a reference standard, we determined the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of U‐FISH for patients with AUC diagnosed 2008 to 2014.ResultsOf the 377 patients with AUC, 62 (16.45%) were diagnosed with UC (29 low grade UC and 33 HGUC) within 12 months. U‐FISH were uninformative in 45 (11.94%), positive in 63 (16.71%) and negative in 269 (71.35%). UC was diagnosed more frequently in patients with positive than in those with negative U‐ FISH results (31/63, 49.21% vs. 25/269, 9.29%, P < 0.0001). The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of U‐FISH in the setting of AUC were 44.64%, 81.82%, 47.17%, 80.25%, and 71.91% for UC and respectively 48.39%, 78.77%. 28.3%, 89.81%, and 74.29% for HGUC. U‐FISH showed a high false positive rate (28/53, 52.83%) that remained high even after extended follow‐up, arguing against “anticipatory positive” results.ConclusionsU‐FISH allows risk stratification in patients with AUC. However, its usefulness is diminished by the high false‐positive rate, making it important to interpret U‐ FISH results in the patient's clinical context. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:481–500. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The professional Twitter account: creation, proper maintenance, and continuous successful operation
Authors: Madrigal Emilio , Jiang Xiaoyin (Sara) , Roy‐Chowdhuri Sinchita 
Published: April 2017

Social networking platforms have created a unique venue for pathologists and associated stakeholders to communicate and share information in a rapidly proliferating field. Among the myriad of available platforms, Twitter has become one of the most widely accepted by healthcare professionals, for its ease of use, similarities to a real life conversation, and vast global reach. Although the adaptation rate of Twitter continues to grow, many healthcare professionals perceive the establishment and maintenance of an online presence to be a daunting task, leaving some on the outside, looking in. By creating this practical reference, we hope to elucidate the necessary steps for pathologists and their organizations to join and effectively engage the healthcare community on Twitter.The reader is encouraged to review the provided glossary of key terms (Table 1) and the anatomy of a tweet (Figure 1) before reading this Timely Review. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:621–628. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Incidental primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration in a patient presenting with transient ischemic attack and stroke
Authors: Francischetti Ivo M. B. , Cajigas Antonio , Suhrland Mark , Farinhas Joaquim M. , Khader Samer 
Published: April 2017

AbstractWe describe a case of a 41‐year old male patient with no significant prior medical history who presents with symptoms of Transient Ischemic Attack and stroke. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain identified areas of ischemia in the left side, and angiography showed occlusion of the left Medial Cerebral Artery (MCA). Cardiac Transthoracic Echocardiogram (TTE) for stroke evaluation incidentally noted a mediastinal abnormality leading to cancer work‐up. Computer Tomography (CT) and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET‐CT scan of the chest incidentally revealed an avid 6 cm paraesophagial/subcarinal mass. Further diagnostic work‐up with endoscopic and endobronchial ultra sound (EBUS)‐guided fine needle aspiration (FNA) of the mass yielded a cytology diagnosis of Germ Cell Tumor (GCT), with choriocarcinoma component. Additionally, high plasma levels of β‐human chorionic gonadotrophin (β‐HCG) were detected with no evidence of testicular tumor. This exceedingly rare presentation for a primary mediastinal choriocarcinoma underscores the importance of complete investigation of young patients presenting with neurological symptoms compatible with ischemic events. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:738–743. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sustained functional composition of pollinators in restored pastures despite slow functional restoration of plants
Authors: Winsa Marie , Öckinger Erik , Bommarco Riccardo , Lindborg Regina , Roberts Stuart P. M. , Wärnsberg Johanna , Bartomeus Ignasi 
Published: April 2017

AbstractHabitat restoration is a key measure to counteract negative impacts on biodiversity from habitat loss and fragmentation. To assess success in restoring not only biodiversity, but also functionality of communities, we should take into account the re‐assembly of species trait composition across taxa. Attaining such functional restoration would depend on the landscape context, vegetation structure, and time since restoration. We assessed how trait composition of plant and pollinator (bee and hoverfly) communities differ between abandoned, restored (formerly abandoned) or continuously grazed (intact) semi‐natural pastures. In restored pastures, we also explored trait composition in relation to landscape context, vegetation structure, and pasture management history. Abandoned pastures differed from intact and restored pastures in trait composition of plant communities, and as expected, had lower abundances of species with traits associated with grazing adaptations. Further, plant trait composition in restored pastures became increasingly similar to that in intact pastures with increasing time since restoration. On the contrary, the trait composition of pollinator communities in both abandoned and restored pastures remained similar to intact pastures. The trait composition for both bees and hoverflies was influenced by flower abundance and, for bees, by connectivity to other intact grasslands in the landscape. The divergent responses across organism groups appeared to be mainly related to the limited dispersal ability and long individual life span in plants, the high mobility of pollinators, and the dependency of semi‐natural habitat for bees. Our results, encompassing restoration effects on trait composition for multiple taxa along a gradient in both time (time since restoration) and space (connectivity), reveal how interacting communities of plants and pollinators are shaped by different trait–environmental relationships. Complete functional restoration of pastures needs for more detailed assessments of both plants dispersal in time and of resources available within pollinator dispersal range.
Beta blocker dose and markers of sympathetic activation in heart failure patients: interrelationships and prognostic significance
Authors: Cohen‐Solal Alain , Jacobson Arnold F. , Piña Ileana L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimsExtent of cardiac sympathetic activation can be estimated from physiological parameters, blood biomarkers, and imaging findings. This study examined the prognostic value of three markers of sympathetic activity and their relationship to beta blocker dose in heart failure patients.Methods and resultsA post hoc analysis of 858 heart failure subjects in the ADMIRE‐HF trial was performed. Variables related to sympathetic activity were plasma norepinephrine, baseline heart rate, the heart to mediastinum (H/M) ratio of 123I‐mIBG uptake, and beta blocker dose. Univariate and multivariate analyses for occurrence of mortality (all‐cause and cardiac) and arrhythmic events were performed. Beta blocker dose was significantly related to age, heart rate, b‐type natriuretic peptide (negatively), body mass index, body weight and plasma norepinephrine. Univariate predictors of all‐cause and cardiac mortality were baseline heart rate (χ2 = 4.5, P = 0.029 and χ2 = 5 .2, P = 0.022, respectively), plasma norepinephrine level (χ2 = 8.9, P = 0.0006 and χ2 = 8.6, P = 0.003, respectively), and H/M (χ = 22.4, P < 0.0001 and χ2 = 17.8, P < 0.0001, respectively). In multivariate analyses, carvedilol‐equivalent dose (P = 0.017), plasma norepinephrine (P = 0.002), and H/M (P = 0.0001) were significant predictors of all‐cause mortality. In separate analyses using multiple measurements of heart rate, mean heart rate >67 b.p.m. was associated with significantly higher cardiac mortality.ConclusionsHigher beta blocker dose was associated with lower mortality, but of the variables associated with sympathetic activity examined, cardiac 123I‐mIBG uptake was the most powerful prognostic marker in heart failure patients. Elevated heart rate was associated with greater risk for cardiac death.
Accidental eccentricity in symmetric buildings due to wave passage effects arising from near‐fault pulse‐like ground motions
Authors: Cao Yenan , Mavroeidis George P. , Meza‐Fajardo Kristel C. , Papageorgiou Apostolos S. 
Published: April 2017

SummaryThis article investigates the characteristics of the accidental eccentricity in symmetric buildings due to torsional response arising from wave passage effects in the near‐fault region. The soil–foundation–structure system is modeled as a symmetric cylinder placed on a rigid circular foundation supported on an elastic halfspace and subjected to obliquely incident plane SH waves simulating the action of near‐fault pulse‐like ground motions. The translational response is computed assuming that the superstructure behaves as a shear beam under the action of translational and rocking base excitations, whereas the torsional response is calculated using the mathematical formulation proposed in a previous study. A broad range of properties of the soil–foundation–structure system and ground motion input are considered in the analysis, thus facilitating a detailed parametric investigation of the structural response. It is demonstrated that the normalized accidental eccentricity is most sensitive to the pulse period (TP) of the near‐fault ground motions and to the uncoupled torsional‐to‐translational fundamental frequency ratio (Ω) of the structure. Furthermore, the normalized accidental eccentricities due to simplified pulse‐like and broadband ground motions in the near‐fault region are computed and compared against each other. The results show that the normalized accidental eccentricity due to the broadband ground motion is well approximated by the simplified pulse for longer period buildings, while it is underestimated for shorter period buildings. For symmetric buildings with values of Ω commonly used in design practice, the normalized accidental eccentricity due to wave passage effects is less than the typical code‐prescribed value of 5%, except for buildings with very large foundation radius. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Acute toxicity of polyacrylamide flocculants to early life stages of freshwater mussels
Authors: Buczek Sean B. , Cope W. Gregory , McLaughlin Richard A. , Kwak Thomas J. 
Published: April 2017

Abstract

Polyacrylamide has become an effective tool for reducing construction-related suspended sediment and turbidity, which are considered to have significant adverse impacts on aquatic ecosystems and are a leading cause of the degradation of North American streams and rivers. However, little is known about the effects of polyacrylamide on many freshwater organisms, and prior to the present study, no information existed on the toxicity of polyacrylamide compounds to native freshwater mussels (family Unionidae), one of the most imperiled faunal groups globally. Following standard test guidelines, we exposed juvenile mussels (test duration 96 h) and glochidia larvae (test duration 24 h) to 5 different anionic polyacrylamide compounds and 1 non-ionic compound. Species tested included the yellow lampmussel (Lampsilis cariosa), an Atlantic Slope species that is listed as endangered in North Carolina; the Appalachian elktoe (Alasmidonta raveneliana), a federally endangered Interior Basin species; and the washboard (Megalonaias nervosa), a common Interior Basin species. We found that median lethal concentrations (LC50s) of polyacrylamide ranged from 411.7 to &gt;1000 mg/L for glochidia and from 126.8 to &gt;1000 mg/L for juveniles. All LC50s were orders of magnitude greater (2–3) than concentrations typically recommended for turbidity control (1–5 mg/L), regardless of their molecular weight or charge density. The results demonstrate that the polyacrylamide compounds tested were not acutely toxic to the mussel species and life stages tested, indicating minimal risk of short-term exposure from polyacrylamide applications in the environment. However, other potential uses of polyacrylamide in the environment (e.g., wastewater treatment, paper processing, mining, algae removal) and their chronic or sublethal effects remain uncertain and warrant additional investigation. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2715–2721. Published 2017 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
Differential requirements for DNA repair proteins in immortalized cell lines using alternative lengthening of telomere mechanisms
Authors: Martinez Alaina R. , Kaul Zeenia , Parvin Jeffrey D. , Groden Joanna 
Published: April 2017

AbstractCancer cells require telomere maintenance to enable uncontrolled growth. Most often telomerase is activated, although a subset of human cancers are telomerase‐negative and depend on recombination‐based mechanisms known as ALT (Alternative Lengthening of Telomeres). ALT depends on proteins that are essential for homologous recombination, including BLM and the MRN complex, to extend telomeres. This study surveyed the requirement for requisite homologous recombination proteins, yet to be studied in human ALT cell lines, by protein depletion using RNA interference. Effects on ALT were evaluated by measuring C‐circle abundance, a marker of ALT. Surprisingly, several proteins essential for homologous recombination, BARD1, BRCA2, and WRN, were dispensable for C‐circle production, while PALB2 had varying effects on C‐circles among ALT cell lines. Depletion of homologous recombination proteins BRCA1 and BLM, which have been previously studied in ALT, decreased C‐circles in all ALT cell lines. Depletion of the non‐homologous end joining proteins 53BP1 and LIG4 had no effect on C‐circles in any ALT cell line. Proteins such as chromatin modifiers that recruit double‐strand break proteins, RNF8 and RNF168, and other proteins loosely grouped into excision DNA repair processes, XPA, MSH2, and MPG, reduced C‐circles in some ALT cell lines. MSH2 depletion also reduced recombination at telomeres as measured by intertelomeric exchanges. Collectively, the requirement for DNA repair proteins varied between the ALT cell lines compared. In sum, our study suggests that ALT proceeds by multiple mechanisms that differ between cell lines and that some of these depend on DNA repair proteins not associated with homologous recombination pathways.
Shared book reading and preschool children's academic achievement: Evidence from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Birth cohort
Authors: Barnes Erica , Puccioni Jaime 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis paper examines the relationships among the quality and quantity of parent–child shared book reading (SBR) engagements and children's reading and mathematics outcomes in preschool. Additionally, we explore how child and family characteristics predict the quality and quantity of SBR. Quantity was measured using parental reports of the frequency of SBR. Quality was measured by observational protocols evaluating for questioning, vocabulary, and discussion depth. A structural equation model was estimated using data from a nationally representative sample of 700 children living in the United States from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study—Birth cohort. Results indicated that the quality of book reading was associated with children's mathematics outcomes, and the quantity was associated with reading outcomes controlling for contextual variables. Socioeconomic status, race or ethnicity, and children's age predicted the quality and quantity of book reading experiences. These findings indicate that frequent exposure to high‐quality book reading may positively impact children's mathematics and reading development, but that variation in SBR exists. SBR is a common practice among many parents; helping parents understand the multiple benefits of the practice may further increase the frequency and quality of the engagement. Implications for research and practice are addressed.Highlights

This paper describes the relationship between parental book reading practices, mathematics, and reading outcomes.
Structural equation models reveal relationships between the quantity of book reading and children's reading outcomes, as well as the quality of book reading and children's mathematics outcomes.
High‐quality book reading may positively impact academic achievement in multiple domains, but results may vary based on contextual factors.