bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “Batman flap”: a novel technique to repair a large central glabellar defect
Authors: Puviani Mario , Curci Marco 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBackgroundGiven the critical position of central glabella among the frontal, nasal, and supraorbital aesthetic subunits of the face, the reconstruction of large defects in this area represents a surgical challenge.MethodsWe describe a surgical technique based on a modified, curved, A‐T flap to repair a large glabellar defect.ResultsOur modification is useful for large glabellar defects because it enables the distribution of the tension all over the reconstruction sides, avoiding a stressed central area and the subsequent risk of necrosis; functionally, it respects the eyebrows position and since the advancement is parallel to their major axes, it avoids the reduction of the distance between them.ConclusionsThe “Batman flap” enables reconstructing a glabellar defect, with a good aesthetical result and the respect of the relevant aesthetical subunits.
Exosomes from heat‐stressed tumour cells inhibit tumour growth by converting regulatory T cells to Th17 cells via IL‐6
Authors: Guo Danfeng , Chen Yinghu , Wang Shoujie , Yu Lei , Shen Yingying , Zhong Haijun , Yang Yunshan 
Published: December 2017

SummaryExosomes derived from heat‐stressed tumour cells (HS‐TEXs), which contain abundant heat shock protein (HSP) 70, strongly induce antitumour immune responses. HSP70‐induced interleukin (IL)‐6 promotes IL‐17 expression and causes rejection of established prostate tumours. However, it remains unclear whether HS‐TEXs exhibit antitumour effects by converting regulatory T cells (Tregs) into T helper type 17 (Th17) cells. In this study, we found that compared with TEXs, HS‐TEXs were more potent in stimulating secretion of IL‐6 from dendritic cells. In vitro, IL‐6 blocked tumour cell‐derived transforming growth factor beta 1‐induced Treg differentiation and promoted Th17 cell differentiation. HS‐TEXs exerted strong antitumour effects, converting Tregs into Th17 cells with high efficiency, a process that was entirely dependent upon IL‐6. Neutralization of IL‐17 completely abolished the antitumour effect of TEXs, but only partially inhibited that of HS‐TEXs. In addition, we found higher levels of IL‐6 and IL‐17 in serum from tumour patients treated with hyperthermia, and an increase in Th17 cells and a decrease in Tregs was detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from these patients after hyperthermia. Therefore, our results demonstrate that HS‐TEXs possess a powerful capacity to convert immunosuppressive Tregs into Th17 cells via IL‐6, which contributes to their potent antitumour effect.
Do mental health consumers want to improve their long‐term disease risk behaviours? A survey of over 2000 psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Bartlem Kate , Bailey Jacqueline , Metse Alexandra , Asara Ashley , Wye Paula , Clancy Richard , Wiggers John , Bowman Jenny 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPolicies and clinical guidelines acknowledge the role mental health services have in addressing the physical health of individuals with a mental illness; however, little research has explored interest in reducing health risk behaviours or the acceptability of receiving support to reduce such risks among psychiatric inpatients. This study estimated the prevalence of four long‐term disease risk behaviours (tobacco smoking, hazardous alcohol consumption, inadequate fruit and/or vegetable consumption, and inadequate physical activity); patient interest in reducing these risks; and acceptability of being provided care to do so during a psychiatric inpatient stay. A cross‐sectional survey was undertaken with 2075 inpatients from four inpatient psychiatric facilities in one health district in Australia (October 2012–April 2014). Prevalence of risk behaviours ranged from 50.2% (inadequate physical activity) to 94.8% (inadequate fruit and/or vegetable consumption). The majority of respondents (88.4%) had more than one risk behaviour, and most were seriously considering improving their risk behaviours (47.6% to 65.3%). The majority (80.4%) agreed that it would be acceptable to be provided support and advice to change such behaviours during their psychiatric inpatient stay. Some diagnoses were associated with smoking and hazardous alcohol consumption, interest in reducing alcohol consumption and increasing fruit and/or vegetable consumption, and acceptability of receiving advice and support. The findings reinforce the need and opportunity for psychiatric inpatient facilities to address the long‐term disease risk behaviours of their patients.
Estimates of seasonal influenza‐associated mortality in Bangladesh, 2010‐2012
Authors: Ahmed Makhdum , Aleem Mohammad Abdul , Roguski Katherine , Abedin Jaynal , Islam Ariful , Alam Kazi Faisal , Gurley Emily S. , Rahman Mahmudur , Azziz‐Baumgartner Eduardo , Homaira Nusrat , Sturm‐Ramirez Katharine , Danielle Iuliano A. 
Published: December 2017

BackgroundSeasonal influenza‐associated mortality estimates help identify the burden of disease and assess the value of public health interventions such as annual influenza immunization. Vital registration is limited in Bangladesh making it difficult to estimate seasonal influenza mortality.ObjectivesOur study aimed to estimate seasonal influenza‐associated mortality rates for 2010‐2012 in Bangladesh.MethodsWe conducted surveillance among hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) for persons aged ≥5 years and severe pneumonia for children <5 years in 11 sites across Bangladesh. We defined the catchment areas of these sites and conducted a community survey in 22 randomly selected unions (administrative units) within the catchment areas to identify respiratory deaths. We multiplied the proportion of influenza‐positive patients at our surveillance sites by the age‐specific number of respiratory deaths identified to estimate seasonal influenza‐associated mortality.ResultsAmong 4221 surveillance case‐patients, 553 (13%) were positive for influenza viruses. Concurrently, we identified 1191 persons who died within 2 weeks of developing an acute respiratory illness within the catchment areas of the surveillance hospitals. In 2010‐2011, the estimated influenza‐associated mortality rate was 6 (95% CI 4‐9) per 100 000 for children <5 years and 41 (95% CI 35‐47) per 100 000 for persons >60 years. During 2011‐2012, the estimated influenza‐associated mortality rate was 13 (95% CI 10‐16) per 100 000 among children <5 years and 88 (95% CI 79‐98) per 100 000 among persons aged >60 years.ConclusionsWe identified a substantial burden of influenza‐associated deaths in Bangladesh suggesting that the introduction of prevention and control measures including seasonal vaccination should be considered by local public health decision‐makers.
Reproductive biology of Alitta succinea (Annelida: Nereididae) in a Brazilian tropical lagoon
Authors: Aguiar Thayanne Medeiros , Gomes Santos Cinthya S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAlitta succinea is considered a cosmopolitan species in estuarine and coastal environments. It is also a model organism in marine chemical ecology and is used in ecotoxicological tests and molecular studies. We aimed to study the reproductive biology of the species in Lagoa de Maricá of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. For this purpose, monthly samples were taken from May 2015 to May 2016. The 653 individuals collected (sex ratio 1 male:1.5 female) were measured (width of the 20th chaetiger), sexed, and classified into stages by three criteria: the presence of gametes in the coelom; hypertrophy of the eyes; and modifications of the parapodia. From each identified female, the diameters of 30 randomly chosen oocytes were measured. Sediment samples were taken separately to analyze total organic matter and grain size. Salinity and temperature of the water were measured in situ each month. Our results show that individuals of this species reproduce through epitoky, with four stages of epitoky identified in both males and females. Parapodial modifications were more pronounced in males, in which some features such as the serrated papillae in the dorsal and ventral cirrus were exclusive.
Evaluation of swallowing ability using swallowing sounds in maxillectomy patients
Authors: Kamiyanagi A. , Sumita Y. , Ino S. , Chikai M. , Nakane A. , Tohara H. , Minakuchi S. , Seki Y. , Endo H. , Taniguchi H. 
Published: December 2017

SummaryMaxillectomy for oral tumours often results in debilitating oral hypofunction, which markedly decreases quality of life. Dysphagia, in particular, is one of the most serious problems following maxillectomy. This study used swallowing sounds as a simple evaluation method to evaluate swallowing ability in maxillectomy patients with and without their obturator prosthesis placed. Twenty‐seven maxillectomy patients (15 men, 12 women; mean age 66.0 ± 12.1 years) and 30 healthy controls (14 men, 16 women; mean age 44.9 ± 21.3 years) were recruited for this study. Participants were asked to swallow 4 mL of water, and swallowing sounds were recorded using a throat microphone. Duration of the acoustic signal and duration of peak intensity (DPI) were measured. Duration of peak intensity was significantly longer in maxillectomy patients without their obturator than with it (P < .05) and was significantly longer in maxillectomy patients without their obturator than in healthy controls (P < .025 after Bonferroni correction). With the obturator placed, DPI was significantly longer in maxillectomy patients who had undergone soft palate resection than in those who had not (P < .05). These results suggest swallowing ability in maxillectomy patients could be improved by wearing an obturator prosthesis, particularly during the oral stage. However, it is difficult to improve the oral stage of swallowing in patients who have undergone soft palate resection even with obturator placement.
CD29 is highly expressed on epithelial, myoepithelial, and mesenchymal stromal cells of human salivary glands
Authors: Togarrati PP , Dinglasan N , Desai S , Ryan WR , Muench MO 
Published: December 2017

ObjectiveThe phenotype of the cells present in the ductal region of salivary glands has been well characterized. However, it is imperative to identify novel biomarkers that can identify different cell types present in other glandular components for the development of therapeutic strategies and diagnostics of salivary gland disorders and malignancies. Our study aimed at the characterization of the expression and distribution of various cell surface markers, especially with a focus on CD29 in human fetal as well as adult glands.Materials and methodsPaired human midgestation fetal and adult parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands were collected. Phenotypic expression of various lineage‐specific cell surface markers including CD29 was investigated in freshly collected glands. The findings were further corroborated by immunohistochemistry.ResultsEnriched expression of CD29 was found on acinar and ductal epithelial, mesenchymal stromal, and myoepithelial cells; CD29+ cells co‐expressed epithelial (CD324, CD326, NKCC1, and CD44), mesenchymal (CD73, CD90, vimentin, and CD34), and myoepithelial (α‐SMA) cell‐specific progenitor markers in both fetal as well as adult salivary glands.ConclusionCD29 is widely expressed in human salivary glands, and it could serve as a potential biomarker for devising novel cellular therapeutic and diagnostic strategies for salivary gland disorders and malignancies.
Biventricular support with HeartWare ventricular assist device in a pediatric patient
Authors: Deshpande Shriprasad R. , Carroll Mallory M. , Mao Chad , Mahle William T. , Kanter Kirk 
Published: December 2017

AbstractUse of ventricular assist devices is increasing in the pediatric population. This has included the extended use of adult continuous‐flow devices in the pediatric population. In a minority of cases, biventricular support may be needed. In these situations, biventricular support with continuous‐flow devices can be surgically challenging, and therefore, only few cases have been reported. Here, we present a case of implantation of two HeartWare HVAD devices for biventricular support for a decompensating patient with acute myocarditis as well as present an alternative implantation surgical strategy.
Alternative Solutions to a Language Design Problem: The Role of Adjectives and Gender Marking in Efficient Communication
Authors: Dye Melody , Milin Petar , Futrell Richard , Ramscar Michael 
Published: December 2017

AbstractA central goal of typological research is to characterize linguistic features in terms of both their functional role and their fit to social and cognitive systems. One long‐standing puzzle concerns why certain languages employ grammatical gender. In an information theoretic analysis of German noun classification, Dye, Milin, Futrell, and Ramscar (2017) enumerated a number of important processing advantages gender confers. Yet this raises a further puzzle: If gender systems are so beneficial to processing, what does this mean for languages that make do without them? Here, we compare the communicative function of gender marking in German (a deterministic system) to that of prenominal adjectives in English (a probabilistic one), finding that despite their differences, both systems act to efficiently smooth information over discourse, making nouns more equally predictable in context. We examine why evolutionary pressures may favor one system over another and discuss the implications for compositional accounts of meaning and Gricean principles of communication.
Direct inhibition of ACTN4 by ellagic acid limits breast cancer metastasis via regulation of β-catenin stabilization in cancer stem cells
Authors: Wang Neng , Wang Qi , Tang Hailin , Zhang Fengxue , Zheng Yifeng , Wang Shengqi , Zhang Jin , Wang Zhiyu , Xie Xiaoming 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background
Pharmacology-based target identification has become a novel strategy leading to the discovery of novel pathological biomarkers. Ellagic acid (EA), a dietary polyphenol compound, exhibits potent anticancer activities; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The current study sought to determine the role and regulation of ACTN4 expression in human breast cancer metastasis and EA-based therapy.

Methods
The anti-metastasis ability of EA was validated by MMTV-PyMT mice and in vitro cell models. Drug affinity responsive target stability (DARTS) was utilized to identify ACTN4 as the direct target of EA. The metastatic regulated function of ACTN4 were assessed by cancer stem cells (CSCs)-related assays, including mammosphere formation, tumorigenic ability, reattachment differentiation, and signaling pathway analysis. The mechanisms of ACTN4 on β-catenin stabilization were investigated by western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The clinical significance of ACTN4 was based on human tissue microarray (TMA) analysis and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database exploration.

Results
EA inhibited breast cancer growth and metastasis via directly targeting ACTN4 in vitro and in vivo, and was accompanied by a limited CSC population. ACTN4 knockdown resulted in the blockage of malignant cell proliferation, colony formation, and ameliorated metastasis potency. ACTN4-positive CSCs exhibited a higher ESA+ proportion, increased mammosphere-formation ability, and enhanced in vivo tumorigenesis ability. Mechanism exploration revealed that interruption of ACTN4/β-catenin interaction will result in the activation of β-catenin proteasome degradation. Increased ACTN4 expression was directly associated with the advanced cancer stage, an increased incidence of metastasis, and poor overall survival period.

Conclusions
Taken together, our results suggest that ACTN4 plays an important role in breast CSCs-related metastasis and is a novel therapeutic target of EA treatment.
Draft genome sequence of Venturia carpophila, the causal agent of peach scab
Authors: Chen Chunxian , Bock Clive H. , Wood Bruce W. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractVenturia carpophila causes peach scab, a disease that renders peach (Prunus persica) fruit unmarketable. We report a high-quality draft genome sequence (36.9 Mb) of V. carpophila from an isolate collected from a peach tree in central Georgia in the United States. The genome annotation is described and a phylogenetic analysis of the pathogen is presented. The genome sequence will be a useful resource for various studies on the pathogen, including the biology and ecology, taxonomy and phylogeny, host interaction and coevolution, isolation and characterization of genes of interest, and development of molecular markers for genotyping and mapping.
Genome overview of eight Candida boidinii strains isolated from human activities and wild environments
Authors: Camiolo Salvatore , Porru Cinzia , Benítez-Cabello Antonio , Rodríguez-Gómez Francisco , Calero-Delgado Beatríz , Porceddu Andrea , Budroni Marilena , Mannazzu Ilaria , Jiménez-Díaz Rufino , Arroyo-López Francisco Noé 
Published: December 2017

AbstractCandida boidinii is an Ascomycota yeast with important biotechnological applications. In this paper we present the genome sequencing and annotation of eight strains of this species isolated from human activities and wild environments. The produced assemblies revealed several strain specific features in terms of genomic GC content (ranging from 30.9 to 32.7%), genome size (comprised between 18,791,129 and 19,169,086 bp) and total number of protein coding genes (ranging from 5819 to 5998), with putative assignation to their general KOG functional categories. The obtained data underlined the presence of two different groups for this species. The results reported herein provide new insights into the plasticity of the genome of this yeast species and represent a starting point for further studies in view of its biotechnological applications.
Nephron progenitor cell death elicits a limited compensatory response associated with interstitial expansion in the neonatal kidney
Authors: Muthukrishnan Sree Deepthi , Ryzhov Sergey , Karolak Michele , Oxburgh Leif 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
The final nephron number in an adult kidney is regulated by nephron progenitor cell availability and collecting duct branching in the fetal period. Fetal environmental perturbations that cause reductions in cell numbers in these two compartments result in low nephron endowment. Previous work has shown that maternal dietary factors influence nephron progenitor cell availability, with both caloric restriction and protein deprivation leading to reduced cell numbers through apoptosis. In this study, we evaluate the consequences of inducing nephron progenitor cell death on progenitor niche dynamics and on nephron endowment. Depletion of approximately 40% of nephron progenitor cells by expression of diphtheria toxin A at embryonic day 15 in the mouse results in 10-20% nephron reduction in the neonatal period. Analysis of cell numbers within the progenitor cell pool following induction of apoptosis reveals a compensatory response in which surviving progenitor cells increase their proliferation and replenish the niche. The proliferative response is temporally associated with infiltration of macrophages into the nephrogenic zone. Colony stimulating factor 1 (CSF1) has a mitogenic effect on nephron progenitor cells, providing a potential explanation for the compensatory proliferation. However, CSF1 also promotes interstitial cell proliferation, and the compensatory response is associated with interstitial expansion in recovering kidneys which can be pharmacologically inhibited by treatment with clodronate liposomes. Our findings suggest that the fetal kidney employs a macrophage-dependent compensatory regenerative mechanism to respond to acute injury caused by death of nephron progenitor cells, but that this regenerative response is associated with neonatal interstitial expansion.
Modelling glioblastoma tumour-host cell interactions using adult brain organotypic slice co-culture
Authors: Marques-Torrejon Maria Angeles , Gangoso Ester , Pollard Steven M. 
Published: December 2017

ABSTRACT
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive incurable brain cancer. The cells that fuel the growth of tumours resemble neural stem cells found in the developing and adult mammalian forebrain. These are referred to as glioma stem cells (GSCs). Similar to neural stem cells, GSCs exhibit a variety of phenotypic states: dormant, quiescent, proliferative and differentiating. How environmental cues within the brain influence these distinct states is not well understood. Laboratory models of GBM can be generated using either genetically engineered mouse models, or via intracranial transplantation of cultured tumour initiating cells (mouse or human). Unfortunately, these approaches are expensive, time-consuming, low-throughput and ill-suited for monitoring live cell behaviours. Here, we explored whole adult brain coronal organotypic slices as an alternative model. Mouse adult brain slices remain viable in a serum-free basal medium for several weeks. GSCs can be easily microinjected into specific anatomical sites ex vivo, and we demonstrate distinct responses of engrafted GSCs to diverse microenvironments in the brain tissue. Within the subependymal zone – one of the adult neural stem cell niches – injected tumour cells could effectively engraft and respond to endothelial niche signals. Tumour-transplanted slices were treated with the antimitotic drug temozolomide as proof of principle of the utility in modelling responses to existing treatments. Engraftment of mouse or human GSCs onto whole brain coronal organotypic brain slices therefore provides a simplified, yet flexible, experimental model. This will help to increase the precision and throughput of modelling GSC-host brain interactions and complements ongoing in vivo studies.
This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
Response to Pitt & Taylor 2016: Conservation ofAspergilluswithA. nigeras the conserved type is unnecessary and potentially disruptive
Authors: Samson Robert A. , Hubka Vit , Varga Janos , Houbraken Jos , Hong Seung-Beom , Klaassen Corné H.W. , Perrone Giancarlo , Seifert Keith A. , Magistá Donato , Visagie Cobus M. , Kocsubé Sandor , Szigeti Geongi , Yaguchi Takashi , Peterson Stephen W. , Frisvad Jens C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAspergillusis a diverse fungal genus containing many species of great agricultural, biotechnological and medical relevance. Because of the broad use of the genus name in diverse disciplines, and the importance of individual species names in these areas, the taxonomy and nomenclature ofAspergillusshould remain stable. A formal proposal to change the generic type fromA. glaucustoA. nigerwas recently published. Here we present arguments against this proposal. We assert that it should be rejected because it will not ensure nomenclatural stability forAspergillus, and will put the names of several important species, such asA. flavus,A. fumigatusandA. oryzaeat risk of being classified in different genera and being lost.
Constructing Economic and Civic Values through Public Policy Debate: The Case of the National Housing Act of 1934
Authors: Conners Pamela 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
This article situates the entrenchment of an American commitment to home ownership at a critical moment in U.S. history—the passage of the National Housing Act of 1934 (NHA). An examination of the introduction, deliberation, and promotion of the legislation reveals how policymakers concretized the value and civic import of residential property. The analysis shows how policymakers, housing advocates, and NHA skeptics collectively framed borrowing for home ownership to be a progressive, secure, and patriotic investment. The NHA discourse illustrates the power of policy rhetoric to define American experiences and prescribe American values.