bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Random Item Generation Is Affected by Age
Authors: Multani Namita , Rudzicz Frank , Wong Wing Yiu Stephanie , Namasivayam Aravind Kumar , van Lieshout Pascal 
Published: September 2016

Purpose
Random item generation (RIG) involves central executive functioning. Measuring aspects of random sequences can therefore provide a simple method to complement other tools for cognitive assessment. We examine the extent to which RIG relates to specific measures of cognitive function, and whether those measures can be estimated using RIG only.

Method

Twelve healthy older adults (age:
M
= 70.3 years,
SD
= 4.9; 8 women and 4 men) and 20 healthy young adults (age:
M
= 24 years,
SD
= 4.0; 12 women and 8 men) participated in this pilot study. Each completed a RIG task, along with the color Stroop test, the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test–Fourth Edition (Dunn & Dunn, 2007). Several statistical features extracted from RIG sequences, including recurrence quantification, were found to be related to the other measures through correlation, regression, and a neural-network model.

Results
The authors found significant effects of age in RIG and demonstrate that nonlinear machine learning can use measures of RIG to accurately predict outcomes from other tools.

Conclusions
These results suggest that RIG can be used as a relatively simple predictor for other tools and in particular seems promising as a potential screening tool for selective attention in healthy aging.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.14963904
W‐band quasi‐elliptical waveguide filter with cross‐coupling and source–load coupling
Authors: Ding Jiangqiao , Liu Dong , Shi Shengcai , Wu Wen 
Published: September 2016

A high‐performance waveguide bandpass filter operating at W‐band is presented. This folded fourth‐order filter with quasi‐elliptic response is developed by introducing cross‐coupling and source–load coupling, while maintaining a compact construction for simple computer numerical control (CNC) milling process. The filter fabricated within aluminium block shows an insertion loss of about 1.2 dB in a 3 dB fractional bandwidth of 5.5% from 90.1 to 95.2 GHz, which are very close to the simulated results in the full W‐band.
Luminescent coverglass for improved absorption efficiency in III–V photovoltaic modules
Authors: Nam W.I. , Kang E.K. , Park H.G. , Jun D.‐H. , Song Y.M. 
Published: September 2016

An initial demonstration is reported in terms of maximising performance of photovoltaic modules. Experimental results of a triple junction solar cell covered with a 3 mm red‐emitting luminous glass which can be efficiently excited by ultraviolet light indicate that this combination exhibits significantly enhanced efficiency of 36.5% under one‐sun of AM1.5G. Integrating a luminescent (LSC) glass onto modules without converting any fabrication process at the device level is considered to be one of the predominant advantages of this device. Additionally, in order to achieve strong visible emission, it is mandatory to determine a thickness of LSC coverglass due to the edge reflection.
Tibiofemoral Osteoarthritis and Varus–Valgus Laxity
Authors: Freisinger Gregory , Schmitt Laura , Wanamaker Andrea , Siston Robert , Chaudhari Ajit 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to systematically review and synthesize the literature measuring varus–valgus laxity in individuals with tibiofemoral osteoarthritis (OA). Specifically, we aimed to identify varus–valgus laxity differences between persons with OA and controls, by radiographic disease severity, by frontal plane knee alignment, and by sex. We also aimed to identify if there was a relationship between varus–valgus laxity and clinical performance and self-reported function. We systematically searched for peer-reviewed original research articles in PubMed, Scopus, and CINAHL to identify all existing literature regarding knee OA and objective measurement of varus–valgus laxity in vivo. Forty articles were identified that met the inclusion criteria and data were extracted. Varus–valgus laxity was significantly greater in individuals with OA compared with controls in a majority of studies, while no study found laxity to be significantly greater in controls. Varus–valgus laxity of the knee was reported in persons with OA and varying degrees of frontal plane alignment, disease severity, clinical performance, and self-reported function but no consensus finding could be identified. Females with knee OA appear to have more varus–valgus laxity than males. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of the subject populations and differences in laxity measurement devices, applied loading, and laxity definitions. Increased varus–valgus laxity is a characteristic of knee joints with OA. Large variances exist in reported varus–valgus laxity and may be due to differences in measurement devices. Prospective studies on joint laxity are needed to identify if increased varus–valgus laxity is a causative factor in OA incidence and progression.
The Varus–Valgus Constrained Knee Implant: Survivorship and Outcomes
Authors: Siqueira Marcelo , Jacob Paul , McLaughlin John , Klika Alison , Molloy Robert , Barsoum Wael , Higuera Carlos 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to estimate the survivorship of the varus–valgus constrained (VVC) knee implants in primary, aseptic, and septic revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA); determine functional outcomes; main modes of failure; and variables associated with increased mechanical failures. In this study, 685 consecutive cases of primary (n = 247), aseptic (n = 315), and septic revision (n = 123) TKAs with VVC implants were performed between 1999 and 2008; 533 knees (78%) had a mean follow-up of 8.2 years (range, 2–15.1). Kaplan–Meier method was used to evaluate implant survival with mechanical failure as the end point. Clinical outcomes were measured with a modified Knee Society Score (mKSS) and modified Knee Function Score (mKFS) and modes of failure were determined. Cox proportional hazards models were performed to assess for factors associated with implant failure. Ten-year survival was 88.5% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 83.9–93.5%) for primary TKAs, 75.8% (95% CI: 70.4–81.7%) for aseptic, and 54.6% (95% CI: 43.7–68.2%) for septic revisions. Improvement in pre- to postoperative mKSS and mKFS were significant in all three groups (p < 0.05). The most common mode of failure overall was infection. Mechanical modes of failures included periprosthetic fracture (45%) for primary TKA and soft tissue instability (19%) for aseptic revisions. A longer period since the last surgery in affected knee was associated with lower mechanical failures (hazards ratio of 0.55 [95% CI: 0.31–0.95], p = 0.03). VVC implant showed reliable survivorship at 10 years although careful patient selection is warranted due to the risk of infection. The main mechanical modes of failure were instability and periprosthetic fracture.
Efficacy of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Graft into the Bone Defects after Bone-Patellar Tendon-Bone Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction
Authors: Kobayashi Atsushi , Ikeda Keiko , Hatayama Kazuhisa , Yanagisawa Sinya , Kato Kazuo , Higuchi Hiroshi 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis prospective pilot study investigated whether grafting β-tricalcium phosphate (B-TCP) into the bone-patellar tendon-bone (BPTB)-harvesting site after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction would accelerate bone and tendon regeneration in the grafted site. Overall, 19 patients agreed prospectively to undergo regular morphological and histological examinations of the B-TCP-grafted site. Postoperative radiographic, ultrasonographic, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations were performed to evaluate the grafted site at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Postoperative knee function and donor-site morbidity were assessed at 12 months using the kneeling test. A histological examination was also performed at this time Radiographic examination and MRI showed that the grafted B-TCP was completely absorbed and remodeled into normal bone structure in the tibia and patella at 6 months postoperatively. Histological and ultrasonographic examinations of all subjects showed that the grafted B-TCP was substituted by normal bone tissue, and the patellar tendon − bone junction had regenerated at 12 months postoperatively. Clinical functional knee tests showed good recovery of the donor site. All patients could perform kneeling and knee walking on hard ground. The results of this pilot study suggest that grafting B-TCP into the BPTB-harvesting site promotes the remodeling process of the bone and patellar tendon structures. This surgical treatment would decrease an incidence of the anterior knee pain after ACLR using a BPTB autograft.
Compartment and signal-specific codependence in the transcriptional control of
Salmonella
periplasmic copper homeostasis
Authors: Pezza Alejandro , Pontel Lucas B. , López Carolina , Soncini Fernando C. 
Published: September 2016

Significance
The bacterial envelope is a specialized compartment that plays a central role in energy production, cell–cell communication, and transport of nutrients into the cell and disposal of waste or toxic cell products. Despite this central role, however, only a few signal-specific envelope-sensing transduction systems are present in a typical bacterial genome. This may limit the cellular ability to mount the appropriate response to changes in its surroundings. In this work, we establish that the coordinated interaction between a broad envelope stress transduction system and a signal-specific cytoplasmic sensor integrates a precise signal- and compartment-restricted output. These types of concerted interactions contribute to expanding the spectra of monitored conditions within the bacterial envelope, favoring bacterial fitness and survival in a challenging environment.
ERK5 kinase activity is dispensable for cellular immune response and proliferation
Authors: Lin Emme C. K. , Amantea Christopher M. , Nomanbhoy Tyzoon K. , Weissig Helge , Ishiyama Junichi , Hu Yi , Sidique Shyama , Li Bei , Kozarich John W. , Rosenblum Jonathan S. 
Published: September 2016

Significance
Whole protein deletion and pharmacological inhibition are frequently used to functionally annotate enzymes. Each has limitations: whole protein deletion removes both enzymatic and nonenzymatic functions, and small molecule inhibitors can have unrecognized off-target activities. When both approaches agree, it’s nearly incontrovertible support for protein function. Here we describe a counterexample. ERK5 knockdown and inhibition supported a role for this kinase in a number of biological processes. We show that previously reported ERK5 compounds inhibit bromodomain-containing proteins (BRDs) sufficiently to account for their phenotypic effects. We describe highly specific inhibitors of ERK5 that do not inhibit BRDs. With these, we show that cellular inflammation and proliferation are not dependent on ERK5 catalytic activity, thus making ERK5 unique among the MAP kinases.
Intracellular mechanisms of molecular recognition and sorting for transport of large extracellular matrix molecules
Authors: Ishikawa Yoshihiro , Ito Shinya , Nagata Kazuhiro , Sakai Lynn Y. , Bächinger Hans Peter 
Published: September 2016

Significance
The discovery of Transmembrane Protein Transport and Golgi Organization 1 (TANGO1) has given insight into how large extracellular molecules like collagens are loaded into special coat protein complex II (COPII) vesicles for transport. However, because there are more than 20 different collagens in humans, it is not clear how TANGO1 recognizes all collagens. In this manuscript, we show that TANGO1 does not directly interact with collagens. We show instead that the Src homology 3 (SH3) domain of TANGO1 interacts with heat shock protein (Hsp) 47, a chaperone that binds to all different types of collagens. We propose a model in which Hsp47 serves as a guide molecule directing collagens to special COPII vesicles.
Sex Differences in Growth of Channeled Whelks from Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, during One or Two Years at Liberty
Authors: Stevens Bradley G. , Peemoeller Bhae-Jin 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
With the southern New England lobster fishery in distress, lobster fishers have focused more effort toward harvesting channeled whelks Busycotypus canaliculatus. Melongenid whelks generally grow slowly and mature late in life—characteristics that can make them vulnerable to overfishing as exploitation increases. However, minimal research has been conducted on the life history and growth rates of channeled whelks. We captured, marked, and released more than 8,700 whelks in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, during 2010 and 2011; 314 of the marked individuals were recovered after 1 or 2 years at liberty. Whelks that were recaptured in 2011 were measured and rereleased without determining sex, whereas whelks that were recovered in 2012 were dissected for sex determination. The unsexed animals were later classified by linear discriminant analysis using growth and morphometric variables. For both male and female whelks, growth increments decreased significantly with increasing size. Size-specific growth rates were significantly greater for females than for males, and females reached larger maximum sizes than males. Furthermore, rates of growth in shell length declined significantly with increasing time at liberty, whereas growth in shell width did not; this result may have been due to differential rates of shell damage versus repair. Increased fishing pressure on whelks—combined with their slow growth rates and inability to reproduce before being harvested—can easily constrain the long-term viability of the channeled whelk fishery in Massachusetts. Therefore, current whelk fishery management practices should be revised.
Received April 3, 2015; accepted May 23, 2016
Modeling Predator–Prey Linkages of Diadromous Fishes in an Estuarine Food Web
Authors: Smith Kayla M. , Byron Carrie J. , Sulikowski James A. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Historically, multiple species of diadromous fishes served as a coastal food source for commercially valuable nearshore predators. However, severe declines in diadromous fish populations in the nearshore Gulf of Maine (GOM) have impacted trophic dynamics and increased pressure on other estuarine-dependent forage resources. The objective of this study was to compare the trophic positions and interspecific interactions of diadromous fishes as predators and prey in relation to current GOM forage fishes. Empirical biomass data along with diet compositions and vital rates were used to construct a static model of a representative GOM coastal food web: the Saco River estuary (SRE) in Maine. A series of sensitivity analyses based on model outputs was performed to determine the trophic role of diadromous fishes in this estuarine food web. Model results suggested that juvenile marine transients played a greater role as forage species for SRE predators than did the anadromous Blueback Herring Alosa aestivalis and Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus. Due to the abundant forage fish base, Atlantic Sturgeon Acipenser oxyrinchus and Shortnose Sturgeon Acipenser brevirostrum were estimated to have a greater trophic position than reported in past literature. Lower-trophic-level fishes functioned as keystone prey species for sturgeon. The use of holistic approaches to update the ecological data on predator–prey interactions among diadromous fishes and forage resources within coastal ecosystems is necessary for the future management of these ecologically significant and threatened species.
Received January 4, 2016; accepted May 20, 2016
Li-Yau gradient bound for collapsing manifolds under integral curvature condition
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhu Meng 
Published: September 2016

Let

(

M

n

,

g

i
j

)

(\mathbf {M}^n, g_{ij})

be a complete Riemannian manifold. For any constants

p
,

r
>
0

p,\ r>0

, define

k
(
p
,
r
)
=

sup

x
∈
M

r
2

(

∮

B
(
x
,
r
)

|

R
i

c
−

|

p

d
V
)

1

/

p

\displaystyle k(p,r)=\sup _{x\in M}r^2\left (\oint _{B(x,r)}|Ric^-|^p dV\right )^{1/p}

, where

R
i

c
−

Ric^-

denotes the negative part of the Ricci curvature tensor. We prove that for any

p
>

n
2

p>\frac {n}{2}

, when

k
(
p
,
1
)

k(p,1)

is small enough, a certain Li-Yau type gradient bound holds for the positive solutions of the heat equation on geodesic balls

B
(
O
,
r
)

B(O,r)

in

M

\mathbf {M}

with

0
>
r
≤
1

0>r\leq 1

. Here the assumption that

k
(
p
,
1
)

k(p,1)

is small allows the situation where the manifold is collapsing. Recall that in an earlier paper by Zhang and Zhu, a certain Li-Yau gradient bound was also obtained by the authors, assuming that

|

R
i

c
−

|

∈

L
p

(

M

)

|Ric^-|\in L^p(\mathbf {M})

and the manifold is noncollapsed. Therefore, to some extent, the results in this paper, as well as the earlier one complete the picture of Li-Yau gradient bounds for the heat equation on manifolds with

|

R
i

c
−

|

|Ric^-|

being

L
p

L^p

integrable, modulo the sharpness of constants.
The scale function and lattices
Authors: Willis G. 
Published: September 2016

It is shown that, given a lattice

H
H

in a totally disconnected, locally compact group

G
G

, the contraction subgroups in

G
G

and the values of the scale function on

G
G

are determined by their restrictions to

H
H

. Group theoretic properties intrinsic to the lattice, such as being periodic or infinitely divisible, are then seen to imply corresponding properties of

G
G

.
MeSHDD: Literature-based drug-drug similarity for drug repositioning
Authors: Brown Adam S , Patel Chirag J 
Published: September 2016

Objective: Drug repositioning is a promising methodology for reducing the cost and duration of the drug discovery pipeline. We sought to develop a computational repositioning method leveraging annotations in the literature, such as Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms.
Methods: We developed software to determine significantly co-occurring drug-MeSH term pairs and a method to estimate pair-wise literature-derived distances between drugs.
Results We found that literature-based drug-drug similarities predicted the number of shared indications across drug-drug pairs. Clustering drugs based on their similarity revealed both known and novel drug indications. We demonstrate the utility of our approach by generating repositioning hypotheses for the commonly used diabetes drug metformin.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that literature-derived similarity is useful for identifying potential repositioning opportunities. We provided open-source code and deployed a free-to-use, interactive application to explore our database of similarity-based drug clusters (available at http://apps.chiragjpgroup.org/MeSHDD/).
A cold neutron star in the transient low-mass X-ray binary HETE J1900.1–2455 after 10 yr of active accretion
Authors: Degenaar N. , Ootes L.S. , Reynolds M.T. , Wijnands R. , Page D. 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The neutron star low-mass X-ray binary and intermittent millisecond X-ray pulsar HETE J1900.1–2455 returned to quiescence in late 2015, after a prolonged accretion outburst of ≃10 yr. Using a Chandra observation taken ≃180 d into quiescence, we detect the source at a luminosity of ≃4.5 × 1031 (D/4.7 kpc)2 erg s−1 (0.5–10 keV). The X-ray spectrum can be described by a neutron star atmosphere model with a temperature of ≃54 eV for an observer at infinity. We perform thermal evolution calculations based on the 2016 quiescent data and a ≲98 eV temperature upper limit inferred from a Swift observation taken during an unusually brief (≲2 weeks) quiescent episode in 2007. We find no evidence in the present data that the thermal properties of the crust, such as the heating rate and thermal conductivity, are different than those of non-pulsating neutron stars. Finding this neutron star so cold after its long outburst imposes interesting constraints on the heat capacity of the stellar core; these become even stronger if further cooling were to occur.
Claudian (Claudius Claudianus)
Authors: Parkes Ruth 
Published: September 2016

The poetry of Claudian dating from the 4th century and the early years of the 5th century ce, has won admirers from its first reception to the 21st century. The corpus of the poet, a native Greek speaker, is bilingual; however, the majority of his extant works are in Latin, produced after his move to the West. Most of these aim to promote the deeds and ambitions of his patron Stilicho, the power behind the throne of the young emperor Honorius. His talent was recognized by the general following his apparent debut at Rome in 395 ce with a panegyric for the consuls-elect Olybrius and Probinus. Claudian was skillful at turning his pen to best serve the political interests of the court and Stilicho against a fast-moving, complex political backdrop. He was adept at exploiting in an innovative fashion his knowledge of rhetorical theory and classical literature. His oeuvre is marked by variety of style, form, length, and content. It ranges from the obviously political poems, such as consular panegyrics lauding Honorius and Stilicho and the epics prompted by contemporary events, to his three-book mythological epic, the De Raptu Proserpinae.
Implicit Racial Bias in Medical School Admissions
Authors: Capers Quinn , Clinchot Daniel , McDougle Leon , Greenwald Anthony G. 
Published: September 2016

Problem
Implicit white race preference has been associated with discrimination in the education, criminal justice, and health care systems and could impede the entry of African Americans into the medical profession, where they and other minorities remain underrepresented. Little is known about implicit racial bias in medical school admissions committees.

Approach
To measure implicit racial bias, all 140 members of the Ohio State University College of Medicine (OSUCOM) admissions committee took the black–white implicit association test (IAT) prior to the 2012–2013 cycle. Results were collated by gender and student versus faculty status. To record their impressions of the impact of the IAT on the admissions process, members took a survey at the end of the cycle, which 100 (71%) completed.

Outcomes
All groups (men, women, students, faculty) displayed significant levels of implicit white preference; men (d = 0.697) and faculty (d = 0.820) had the largest bias measures (P < .001). Most survey respondents (67%) thought the IAT might be helpful in reducing bias, 48% were conscious of their individual results when interviewing candidates in the next cycle, and 21% reported knowledge of their IAT results impacted their admissions decisions in the subsequent cycle. The class that matriculated following the IAT exercise was the most diverse in OSUCOM’s history at that time.

Next Steps
Future directions include preceding and following the IAT with more robust reflection and education on unconscious bias. The authors join others in calling for an examination of bias at all levels of academic medicine.