bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns and Drivers of Pollen Temperature Tolerance
Authors: Tushabe Donam , Rosbakh Sergey 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTPollen, a pivotal stage in the plant reproductive cycle, is highly sensitive to temperature fluctuations, impacting seed quality and quantity. While the importance of understanding pollen temperature limits (Tmin, Topt, Tmax – collectively PTLs) is recognized, a comprehensive synthesis of underlying drivers is lacking. Here, we examined PTLs, correlating them with vegetative tissue thermotolerance and assessing variability at the intra‐ and interspecific levels across 191 species with contrasting phylogeny, cultivation history, growth form and ecology. At the species level, the PTLs range from 9.0 to 42.4°C, with considerable differences among individual species. Vegetative tissue showed greater tolerance to both low and high temperatures than pollen. A significant, though weak, correlation was observed between PTLs and leaf temperature tolerance. Pollen heat tolerance was independent of that in leaves and stems. The greatest intraspecific variability was observed in pollen cold tolerance (Tmin), followed by Topt and Tmax. Phylogenetic analysis revealed family‐level conservation in all three pollen temperature tolerance measures. Climate emerged as a significant PTL driver of pollen cold tolerance, with species from colder and stable climates exhibiting enhanced cold tolerance. Cultivated and wild species did not differ in their pollen temperature tolerances. Herbaceous plants showed higher tolerance to high temperatures compared to shrubs and trees, potentially reflecting divergent thermal conditions during anthesis. This study provides the first formal analysis of complex relationships between pollen temperature limits, plant characteristics and environmental factors, providing crucial insights into climate change impacts on plant reproduction.
OsCaM1‐1 Is Responsible for Salt Tolerance by Regulating Na+/K+ Homoeostasis in Rice
Authors: Wei Siqi , Chen Mingjiong , Wang Fengyue , Tu Yishan , Xu Yunfeng , Fu Liangbo , Zeng Fanrong , Zhang Guoping , Wu Dezhi , Shen Qiufang 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTCalmodulin, a highly conserved calcium‐binding protein, plays a crucial role in response to salt stress. Previous studies investigated sequence and function of calmodulin members in some plants, but their roles in rice have not been fully elucidated. Three OsCaM1 genes namely OsCaM1‐1/2/3 encode the same OsCaM1 protein. Here, we found that OsCaM1‐1 had significantly higher expression than the other two genes under salt stress. After 4 weeks of exposure to 75 mM NaCl, OsCaM1‐1 overexpressed mutants showed higher salt tolerance, while knocked‐out mutants exhibited lower salt tolerance, compared to the wild type. Moreover, the oscam1‐1 mutants had higher Na+ concentration and Na+/K+ ratio in both shoots and roots, less instantaneous K+ and Ca2+ fluxes in roots, compared to wild type under salt stress, indicating the involvement of OsCaM1‐1 in regulation of Na+ and K+ homoeostasis via Ca2+ signal. RNA‐seq analysis identified 452 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulated by OsCaM1‐1 and salt stress, and they were mainly enriched in nucleus DNA‐binding activities, including ABI5, WRKY76, WRKY48 and bHLH120 transcription factors. Knockout of OsCaM1‐1 also modulated the expression of Na+ transporters, including HKT1;1, HKT1;5, SOS1, NHX1 and NHX4. In conclusion, OsCaM1‐1 positively regulates salt tolerance in rice through mediating ion homoeostasis.
Elevated CO2 Concentration Extends Reproductive Growth Period and Enhances Carbon Metabolism in Wheat Exposed to Increased Temperature
Authors: Wang Jiao , Han Yuyan , Li Hongyan , Bai Haixia , Liang Hui , Zong Yuzheng , Zhang Dongsheng , Shi Xinrui , Li Ping , Hao Xingyu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBoth elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and increased temperature exert notable influences on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growth and productivity when examined individually. Nevertheless, limited research comprehensively investigates the combined effects of both factors. Winter wheat was grown in environment‐controlled chambers under two concentrations of CO2 (ambient CO2 concentration and ambient CO2 concentration plus 200 µmol mol−1) and two levels of temperature (ambient temperature and ambient temperature plus 2°C). The phenology, photosynthesis, carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism, yield and quality responses of wheat were investigated. Elevated [CO2] did not counteract warming‐induced shortening of wheat phenological period but prolonged grain filling. Even though photosynthetic adaptation occurred during the reproductive growth period, elevated [CO2] still significantly enhanced carbohydrate accumulation under warming, particularly at the grain filling stage, thereby increasing yield by 20.1% compared with the ambient control. However, elevated [CO2] inhibited nitrogen assimilation at the grain filling stage under increased temperature by downregulating the expression levels of TaNR, TaNIR, TaGS1 and TaGOGAT and reducing glutamine synthetase activity, which directly led to a significant decrease of 19.4% in grain protein content relative to the ambient control. These findings suggest that elevated [CO2] will likely increase yield but decrease grain nutritional quality for wheat under future global warming scenarios.
Pediatric Learning Health Networks in Solid Organ Transplantation—Engaging all Stakeholders to Achieve Health for Children Who Require Transplantation
Authors: George Roshan P. , Feldman Amy G. , McQueen Melissa , Krise‐Confair Cassandra , Smyth Lauren , Lorts Angela , Peng David M. , Mazariegos George V. , Hooper David K. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundLearning Health Networks (LHN) have evolved within medicine over the past two decades, but their integration into transplantation has been more recent.Objectives and MethodsIn this paper, we describe three LHNs in end‐stage organ disease/transplantation, their common and unique features, and how their “actor‐oriented” architecture allowed for rapid adaptation to meet the needs of their patients and practitioners during the recent COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultThe structure and focus of the Improving Renal Outcomes Collaborative (IROC), Starzl Network for Excellence in Pediatric Transplantation (SNEPT), and the Advanced Cardiac Therapies Improving Outcomes Network (ACTION) are reviewed. We discuss the critical role of patient and family engagement, focusing on collaboration with Transplant Families. Finally, we review challenges common to the LHN concept and potential common areas of alignment to achieve the goal of more rapid and sustained progress to improve health in pediatric transplantation.ConclusionLHN in transplantation are essential to accelerate knowledge dissemination and improve outcomes.
Immunosuppressive Therapy, Puberty and Growth Outcomes in Pediatric Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Pragmatic Review
Authors: Zicarelli Mariateresa , Errante Antonietta , Andreucci Michele , Coppolino Giuseppe , Bolignano Davide 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTKidney transplantation in children with end‐stage kidney disease significantly enhances survival and quality of life but poses unique challenges related to chronic immunosuppressive therapy. In fact, despite being essential for preventing organ rejection, immunosuppressive therapy can have significant side effects specific to pediatric patients, such as adverse impacts on physiological growth, puberty, and fertility. The resulting short stature and delayed or incomplete pubertal development can profoundly affect young patients' psychological and social well‐being, impacting self‐esteem and overall quality of life, and may significantly hamper compliance and therapeutic adherence. Most studies on immunosuppression in pediatric kidney transplant recipients focus on general side effects and outcomes like long‐term graft survival or acute complications. On the other side, there is limited evidence in the current literature on the specific issues of growth, puberty, and fertility in this patient population. In this pragmatic review, we aimed to summarize the most relevant information available on these critical aspects of post‐transplant management in pediatric patients, also providing some practical indications on management strategies for minimizing these often neglected but still important complications.
Range and Nature of Social Services for Children With Disabilities and Their Families: A Descriptive Study
Authors: Jeon Hyejin , Shin Hyunsook , Rim Dahae , Shon Soonyoung 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectiveChildren with disabilities and their families continue to face challenges in social inclusion and accessing resources. This study aimed to evaluate the availability and associated challenges of using services for these children and their families.MethodsA descriptive study was conducted to analyze social services for children with disabilities. Data were collected from the official websites of both public and private institutions across three regions in South Korea. These data included information on the service contents and the characteristics of the target beneficiaries.ResultsA total of 12,841 service units were analyzed and grouped into 10 domains and 35 categories of social services. The most frequently identified service content was “Healthcare,” followed by “Child and family care” and “Community services.” The most frequently used characteristic of target beneficiaries was “Residential area,” followed by “Income level,” “Benefit,” and “Type of disability.”ConclusionThe current services are limited in meeting the needs of children with disabilities, particularly in terms of selection criteria, service content, and the integration of policies and delivery systems, contributing to a lack of social inclusion and lower quality of life. Constructing a national scheme to expand eligibility and support tailored to individual circumstances and needs is necessary.
Risk Factors of Hepatitis Associated With Time to Adopting a New Cancer Screening Model Under Diffusion of Innovation Theory—A 10‐Year Cohort Study in Taiwan
Authors: Lien Angela Shin‐Yu , Chiu Sherry Yueh‐Hsia , Fann Jean Ching‐Yuan , Chen Sam Li‐Sheng , Yen Amy Ming‐Fang , Chen Hsiu‐Hsi 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundHepatitis is a serious global health issue. To reduce mortality, early screening for liver disease has been recommended in community health policies, particularly for asymptomatic individuals.AimThis study explored the link between liver function biomarkers and how quickly people adopt a new multiple cancer screening program, using the diffusion of innovation (DOI) Theory.MethodsThe study included 57,939 participants from a community‐based screening program in Keelung, Taiwan, between January 1, 2001, and December 31, 2010. Data on demographics and lifestyle habits were collected through questionnaires, and blood samples were analyzed to measure biomarkers related to liver function.ResultsOn average, participants took 3.48 years to accept the new screening program. People with healthier lifestyles, such as those who drank alcohol less often, were more likely to adopt the screening early. Additionally, those with higher levels of liver‐related biomarkers like albumin, total protein, and ALT joined even sooner. In conclusion, using DOI theory, the study found that personal lifestyle and liver function play a role in how quickly individuals adopt a new screening system.ConclusionThese insights can help healthcare providers improve early screening efforts, particularly for people at risk of hepatitis and liver cancer, potentially reducing related deaths.
Assessment of Compliance Status and Its Determinants Among Hypertensive Patients From County Areas in Zhejiang, China: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Zhou Chi , Chen Jingchun , Li Chen , Shen Wenli , Li Xu , Shi Yinan , Yang Shuangyu , Weng Yuanyuan , Wu Dan , Huang Jingyu , Zhao Falin 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivesCompliance is crucial for patients to control and manage their high blood pressure. This study assesses the compliance levels of hypertensive patients in China and explores the factors influencing compliance.DesignA descriptive, cross‐sectional design was conducted.SampleA total of 371 hypertensive patients were recruited from six County hospitals and 12 township health centers in Zhejiang Province, China.MeasurePatient compliance was measured using the Hypertensive Patient Scale (CHPS). Independent‐sample T‐test or variance analysis was applied to analyze CHPS scores by sociodemographic factors, and linear regression was used to explore the significant correlates of the total CHPS score.ResultsThe total score of CHPS was 50.18 ± 6.12. Among the seven domains, drug treatment and lifestyle had the highest and lowest average scores, 3.59 ± 0.87 and 2.74 ± 0.73, respectively. The total score of CHPS positively associated with age (β = 0.075, p = 0.028), > 7 years of hypertension (β = 1.896, p = 0.022; Ref: < 3 years), and negatively associated with males (β = −2.224, p = 0.001; Ref: female) and rural area (β = −2.008, p = 0.007; Ref: urban area).Conclusion:These findings highlight the importance of related measurements of the local “health‐oriented” healthcare system. Primary health professionals should strengthen their health behavior intervention capacity and improve hypertension management among their patients.
Offline Reinforcement Learning for Adaptive Control in Manufacturing Processes: A Press Hardening Case Study
Authors: Nievas Nuria , Espinosa-Leal Leonardo , Pagès-Bernaus Adela , Abio Albert , Echeverria Lluís , Bonada Francesc 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper explores the application of offline reinforcement learning in batch manufacturing, with a specific focus on press hardening processes. Offline reinforcement learning presents a viable alternative to traditional control and reinforcement learning methods, which often rely on impractical real-world interactions or complex simulations and iterative adjustments to bridge the gap between simulated and real-world environments. We demonstrate how offline reinforcement learning can improve control policies by leveraging existing data, thereby streamlining the training pipeline and reducing reliance on high-fidelity simulators. Our study evaluates the impact of varying data exploration rates by creating five datasets with exploration rates ranging from ε=0 to ε=0.8. Using the conservative Q-learning algorithm, we train and assess policies against both a dynamic baseline and a static industry-standard policy. The results indicate that while offline reinforcement learning effectively refines behavior policies and enhances supervised learning methods, its effectiveness is heavily dependent on the quality and exploratory nature of the initial behavior policy.
Harnessing Bayesian Deep Learning to Tackle Unseen and Uncertain Scenarios in Diagnosis of Machinery Systems
Authors: Kai Zhou , Zhou Qianyu , Tang Jiong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Direct inverse analysis of faults in machinery systems such as gears using first principle is intrinsically difficult, owing to the multiple time- and length-scales involved in vibration modeling. As such, data-driven approaches have been the mainstream, whereas supervised trainings are deemed effective. Nevertheless, existing techniques often fall short in their ability to generalize from discrete data labels to the continuous spectrum of possible faults, which is further compounded by various uncertainties. This research proposes an interpretability-enhanced deep learning framework that incorporates Bayesian principles, effectively transforming convolutional neural networks (CNNs) into dynamic predictive models and significantly amplifying their generalizability with more accessible insights of the model's reasoning processes. Our approach is distinguished by a novel implementation of Bayesian inference, enabling the navigation of the probabilistic nuances of gear fault severities. By integrating variational inference into the deep learning architecture, we present a methodology that excels in leveraging limited data labels to reveal insights into both observed and unobserved fault conditions. This approach improves the model's capacity for uncertainty estimation and probabilistic generalization. Experimental validation on a lab-scale gear setup demonstrated the framework's superior performance, achieving nearly 100% accuracy in classifying known fault conditions, even in the presence of significant noise, and maintaining 96.15% accuracy when dealing with unseen fault severities. These results underscore the method's capability in discovering implicit relations between known and unseen faults, facilitating extended fault diagnosis, and effectively managing large degrees of measurement uncertainties.
Weld Seam Recognition and Tracking With Omnidirectional Wall-Climbing Robot for Spherical Tank Inspection
Authors: Li Jie , Tu Chunlei , Xu Fengyu , Wang Xingsong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Weld seams of in-service pressure storage equipment, such as spherical tanks, require regular inspection to ensure safe operation. Wall-climbing robots can replace manual operations, increasing inspection efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. High precision and fast weld seam identification and tracking are beneficial for improving the automated navigation and spatial positioning of wall-climbing robots. This study proposes a weld seam recognition and tracking method with the omnidirectional wall-climbing robot for spherical tank inspection. Based on deep learning networks, the robot has a front-mounted camera to recognize weld seams and extract weld paths. Weld seam deviation data (drift angle and offset distance) were used in real time to provide feedback on the robot's relative position. For the robot to quickly correct deviations and track weld seams, a seam path-tracking controller based on sliding mode control was designed and simulated. Weld recognition experiments revealed that the robot can accurately recognize and extract weld paths, and the recognition time for each image was approximately 0.25 s. In the weld seam tracking experiments, the robot could successfully track longitudinal and transverse weld seams at different speeds (from 0.05 to 0.2 m/s). During the process of weld seam tracking, the robot angle error was kept within ±3 deg, and the maximum offset distance was less than ±35 mm. Field tests on a 3000-m3 spherical tank were conducted to verify the practicability and effectiveness of the weld seam tracking system. This robotic system can autonomously complete weld seam identification and tracking, which promotes the automation of spherical tank inspection and maintenance.
Enchondroma in a Collegiate Division II Women’s Acrobatics and Tumbling Athlete: A Level 4 Case Report
Authors: Minter Rebekah L. , Lopez Rebecca M. , Myers Jessica M. , Tritsch Amanda J. 
Published: October 2024

A 19-year-old collegiate female acrobatics and tumbling athlete presented with deep shooting pain in her right thigh during impact activities. Diagnostic imaging revealed a 12-mm enchondroma in her right proximal femoral metadiaphysis. After 10 days of rest, the patient began gradually increasing the intensity of impact skills and completed the remainder of the acrobatics and tumbling season. This is the first reported case of an enchondroma in the proximal femoral metadiaphysis in a young athlete. Athletic trainers must use clinical reasoning skills and interprofessional collaboration when managing atypical presentations to improve patient care and promote a positive recovery after injury.
Therapeutic effect of topical tamoxifen in murine cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by
Leishmania major
Authors: Hassani-Abharian Parastoo , Hejazi Dehaghani Seyedamirmehdi , Shahmoradi Zabihollah , Hejazi Seyed Hossein 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT

Iran is one of the endemic regions of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) caused by
Leishmania major
. There is no protective vaccine available against CL available, and the most effective strategy is a definitive treatment. Topical medications can be an excellent option for this purpose. Tamoxifen, a cancer control drug, has properties such as inducing cell apoptosis and anti-parasitic activity, which can be useful in controlling eukaryotic parasites such as
Leishmania
. The present study was conducted to investigate this theory in experimental CL caused by
L. major
. Forty female BALB/c mice aged 4 to 6 weeks were infected by injecting 1 × 10
6
L. major
metacyclics (MRHO/IR/75/ER) in the base of the tail. After the appearance of
Leishmania
nodules, mice were divided into five test and control groups. Two drug formulations were used: tamoxifen 1% in ethanol and tamoxifen citrate ointment 0.1%. The effectiveness of each formula was evaluated by determining the mean size of the ulcers and parasite burden after a 28-day treatment period. Both formulations showed reduced ulcer mean sizes. However, only the tamoxifen citrate ointment group demonstrated a statistically significant reduction (
P
= 0.049). The parasite burden decreased by 40.83% for the ointment group and 33.67% for the ethanol solution. Other control groups showed lesser reductions. This study partially demonstrated the effectiveness of topical tamoxifen on CL lesions in a murine model. It can provide a basis for further research on the therapeutic effects of different topical tamoxifen formulations.