bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
LEYENDAS PENINSULARES PARA MEJORAR LA COMPRENSIÓN AUDITIVA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL IDIOMA INGLÉS
Authors: Guillén Muñoz Cindy , González Reyes Sara , Pinoargote Parra Glenda 
Published: July 2017

La comprensión auditiva juega un papel muy importante en el desarrollo de las otras habilidades del lenguaje: comprensión lectora, expresión escrita, y expresión oral. El objetivo principal de la investigación es mejorar la comprensión auditiva en inglés como idioma extranjero de los estudiantes del Noveno Grado de la Escuela “Antonio José de Suche”, una institución educativa ubicada en Pechiche, Parroquia Chanduy, Cantón Santa Elena. Este estudio fue desarrollado cualitativa y cuantitativamente, a través de entrevistas y encuestas, para determinar si los profesores de inglés aplicaban una buena herramienta al momento de ejercitar la comprensión auditiva en clase. Como conclusión, se estableció que la mayoría de los docentes no aplican herramientas que ayuden al desarrollo de esta habilidad. Con los resultados obtenidos, se tomó la decisión de diseñar una propuesta para la creación de un Audiolibro denominado Santa Elena Folktales con el objetivo de mejorar la comprensión auditiva de los estudiantes. El Audiolibro fue aplicado a la muestra de estudio tomada por la investigadora. El proceso de implementación tuvo una duración de dos semanas, con un total de doce sesiones en las cuales el nivel de comprensión auditiva era evaluado sesión a sesión. Los resultados fueron analizados de acuerdo a los valores obtenidos en cada sesión y se obtuvo un 30% de incremento sobre el nivel inicial. Se demuestra así, que mediante la aplicación del Audiolibro “Santa Elena Folktales” se pudo mejorar el nivel de comprensión auditiva de los estudiantes.
LA LUDOMOTRICIDAD EN EL PROCESO COGNITIVO DE LOS NIÑOS DE PRIMER GRADO DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA, CANTÓN LA LIBERTAD
Authors: Salazar Arango Edwar , Uribe Veintimilla Ana María , Tomalá Chavarría Mónica Dolores 
Published: July 2017

La educación integral, como pilar del sistema educativo ecuatoriano, establece potenciar el aprendizaje a través de experiencias vivenciales y significativas que se deben dar en ambientes adecuados y estimulantes; brindando un norte para justificar el presente artículo que constituye un análisis de la pedagogía lúdica y la psicomotricidad como una herramienta de mediación social – educativa, en que la relación psicosomática entre las acciones motoras, las respuestas psíquicas del aprendizaje, las emociones o sentimientos en una resonancia afectiva, crean el escenario para una combinación de componentes del desarrollo integral, enfocado a la educación formal o escolarizada. Por tal motivo, se direcciona un método de intervención didáctico a favor del aprendizaje, y cuya acción lúdica como herramienta pedagógica utiliza la exploración, descubrimiento, conocimiento y experimentación en busca de resultados en competencias corpóreas necesarias para las siguientes etapas del proceso evolutivo. Desde esta perspectiva se realiza un análisis descriptivo, revisión de fuentes teóricas, interpretación de datos obtenidos de los instrumentos investigativos de carácter empírico, aplicados a la población, objeto de estudio como son los niños de primer grado de educación general básica de las instituciones educativas fiscales del cantón La Libertad. El alcance investigativo, propuesta metodológica van enfocados a la identificación de diferentes estrategias, recursos educativos de carácter lúdico que, desde el juego formativo y direccionado con intenciones didácticas como acción participativa e incluyente, se adapta a las circunstancias particulares y cambiantes de los contextos escolarizados; cumpliendo con las recomendaciones o directrices del desarrollo integral infantil establecidas en el “Buen Vivir”.
Prevalence and Outcome of Cesarean Section at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre, Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Gurung Rubina Tamrakar , Gurung G , Shrestha R , Gurung T , Sharma P 
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital is providing specialized obstetrician and gynecologist services since last one decade.Objectives: This study was conducted to know the prevalence and outcome of cesarean section at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre during 2013 – 2015 A.D. (2070 – 2072 B.S.).Methods: It was a retrospective study of women undergoing cesarean section from 2013 to 2015 A.D. (2070 – 2072 B.S.).Results: During the period of three years 2013 – 2015 A.D. (2070 –2072 B.S.) otal deliveries were 2627. Among total deliveries cesarean section was performed in 1084 patients (41.26%). In 1084 patients 803 (74%) cesarean sections were performed as an emergency and 281(26%) were elective. In this study 15 to more than 35 years old patients were enrolled. Among cesarean sections done, 52% were primigravida, 46% were para and 2% were grandmulti. The indications for cesarean section were CPD (28%), fetal distress (25%), previous cesarean (14%), mal presentation (7%), premature rupture of membrane (5%), pre-eclampsia (6%), failed induction (5%), bad obstetric history (2%), antepartum hemorrhage (1%), and twins (1%).Conclusion: This study at Gandaki Medical College Teaching Hospital and Research Centre provided the prevalence, outcome and different indications of cesarean section which is life saving for both mother and newborn. And also the study can be useful to the hospital to improve facilities for safe motherhood and safety of newborn.Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, Page: 1-6
The Incidence of Bleeding and the Factors That Influence Its Development among Patients Admitted With Dengue Fever
Authors: Thapa Krishna Bahadur , KC Namrata , Koirala T , Bhatttarai A 
Published: July 2017

Background: Dengue virus is now classified as a major global health threat by the World Health Organization. Bleeding is a common complication and is one of the most feared. There is an increase incidence in the adult population, hence, the focus of this study.Objectives: To determine the incidence of bleeding and the factors that influence its development among patients admitted with dengue fever at Fatima Medical Center, Phillipines from January 2009 to December 2011.Methods: This is a case control study using chart review. The incidence of bleeding is calculated using risk ratio. Factors affecting bleeding are determined using chi square for qualitative variables and T-test or ANOVA for quantitative variables. Simultaneous determination of factors association with bleeding will be analyzed using multiple logistic regression. Level of significance will be set at alpha = 0.05.Results: The female sex is significantly more prone to develop bleeding (p=0.044). There is no significant increase in bleeding in patients who have co-morbidities (p=0.447). In every one unit increase in WBC (1 x 109) the odds of bleeding decrease by 15%. For every one unit increase in hematocrit the odds of bleeding decreases by 6.8%. For every one unit increase in platelet count the odds of bleeding decreases by 3% that is every 10 unit increase in platelet count the odds of bleeding decrease by 22.9%.Conclusions: Female sex, a low initial WBC and platelet count will increase a patient’s propensity to develop bleeding.Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, page: 23-28
Prevalence and Factors Affecting Women with Uterine Prolapse in Lekhnath, Kaski, Nepal
Authors: Silwal Muna , Gurung G , Shrestha N , Gurung A , Ojha S 
Published: July 2017

Background: Uterine prolapse is the main public health problem of reproductive age women in Nepal. Uterine prolapse (UP), which affects about 10% of women of reproductive age in Nepal, is the most frequently reported cause of poor health in women of reproductive age and postmenopausal women. Currently, women’s awareness of UP is unknown, and attempts to unravel the UP problem are inadequate.Objectives: The objectives of this study was to determine prevalence of uterine prolapse, to explore factors affecting women with uterine prolapse and to find association between selected variables and prevalence of uterine prolapse.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted from 7th July, 2016 to 7th of August, 2016 among married women with at least one child in the Ritthepani, Ward No 2, Lekhnath. Participants were selected by purposive sampling techniques, and data were collected through structured interview schedule. Frequency, percentage, mean, SD and chi-square test was performed to identify factors associated with prevalence of uterine prolapse.Results: The major findings were majority 35 (35%) of women were in the age group of 20 to 30 years, followed by 89 (89%) Hindu religion, 48 (48%) belonged to janajati and religious minority which included Newar, Magar, Gurung, Tamang and Muslims. Most of the women 35 (35%) were Illiterate, 44 (44%) earn their living by working in agriculture, 57 (57%) respondents had ≥Rs1500 per month income in the family, 58 (58%) belonged to nuclear families, 76 (76%) of the respondents had knowledge about uterine prolapse and they got information mostly from 24 (24%) friends. The prevalence rate of women with uterine prolapse was found to be 13% whereas mean and standard deviation were 0.87 ±0.33. The findings of association between the prevalence of uterine prolapse with age at first child birth, abortion, sexual intercourse immediate after delivery and constipation were found to be significantly associated. Almost all respondents replied that uterine prolapse can be prevented by avoiding strenuous activities during antenatal and postnatal period followed by avoiding giving birth to too many babies, taking nutritious diet, deliver the baby in health institution by health personnel, avoiding long term coughing and chronic constipation.Conclusion: Uterine prolapse was observed among women of Ritthepani ward no 2; among them most of them were age group between 20 - 30 year early married Illiterate. The perceived service was taken by less number of eligible women. Women awareness towards the problem, limiting frequent pregnancies and provision of educational opportunities are recommended for the prevention of uterine prolapse. Journal of Gandaki Medical CollegeVolume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, Page: 47-51
Sealing Ability of Resin Based Root Canal Sealers: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Rijal Sujan 
Published: July 2017

The primary goal is to attain a three dimensional seal, which would lead to an impervious seal. Obturation of the prepared root canal eliminates all avenues of leakage from the oral cavity and the periodontal tissues, sealing any residual irritants that remain within the root canal system after cleaning and shaping. Though the primary goal of obturation has been clearly defined there is still an ongoing research for a sealer and a core material that would provide an apical as well as coronal seal.Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, Page: 58-62
Study on Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) at Western Regional Hospital, Pokhara
Authors: Ghosh Vivek , Lamichhane S , Thakuri SB , Khadka KCS , Teli SS , Adhikari SS , Shrestha S , Acharya SK , Subedi SS 
Published: July 2017

According to the curriculum of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) program of the Tribhuvan University (TU), Institute of Medicine (IOM), the Department of Community Medicine of Gandaki Medical College (GMC) has been conducting the District Health System Management (DHSM) study for the students of MBBS, third phase (4th year). This program provides us an opportunity for clinical and community orientation to develop skills to become a competent medical professional to work at different levels of hospitals and district health system. This course enables us to assess resource potentials and constraints, prioritize the health problems and set strategies for solving them. It also enables us to be able to work in promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative health services as part of district health team. The program begins with theory classes on management and orientation classes at the college and placement of the students in three different places with rotation along with field supervisions in between. Here we are presenting our investigations on epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease made at Western Regional Hospital during our District Health System Management (DHSM) study in third phase (Fourth year).Journal of Gandaki Medical College Volume, 09, Number 2, July December 2016, Page: 65-69
Entrepreneurship Development Programme with Reference To Small Enterprises in Nepal
Authors: Karki Bir Bahadur 
Published: July 2017

Entrepreneurship Development Programme (EDP) is mainly focused on development, promotion and strengthening of micro, cottage and small enterprises with the technical and financial support. The rapid entry and growth of Small Enterprises (SEs) has constituted one of the most important aspects of development in Nepal. The Government of Nepal (GON), Department of Cottage and Small Industries (DCSI) and Cottage and Small Industries Development Board (CSIDB) under Ministry of Industry (MOI) are specially responsible for development of SEs. Growth rate of SEs is in increasing trends. It seemed that there is increment of about 332 number of cottage and small industries per year. On the basis of types of ownership of business firms, private firms (Sole trading concern) are increased by 264 each year between the periods of FY 1993/94 to FY 2011/12 i.e. in nineteen year time period. The result shows that 87.6 percent cottage and small industries are operated under private firms. It is seen that most of the entrepreneurs want to be self-employees and / or want to work independently. Out of five development regions, central development region has got highest position in the context of increase number of SEs as well as high increment i.e. 658 in each year. Out of total cottage and small industries, near about half i.e. 47.78 percent industries are conducted in central development region. Janapriya Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vol. III (December 2014), page: 16-22
A Review on Congenital Tuberculosis
Authors: Jha Anand , Bhandari Sujeeta , Kadel Binod , Kadel Anjeela , Shah Dhiraj , Sah Arun Kumar 
Published: July 2017

Background: Congenital tuberculosis is defined as infection acquired to a newborn from infected mother by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli during the intrauterine period or during normal birth. Though tuberculosis infection is very common all over the world, congenital tuberculosis is rare and mortality is 50%. Nonspecific symptoms in congenital tuberculosis and difficulties encountered in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in general, make it difficult to reach a final diagnosis so congenital tuberculosis is generally known clinically during the first postnatal month. Maternal tuberculosis is common but congenital tuberculosis is rare and fatal. Also the clinical features are not specific but diagnosis is difficult. So screening of all pregnant ladies can help in early diagnosis and prevention of congenital tuberculosis.Methods: This article has been produced by analyzing various publications since 1998 till date, and by using search gear, pub med, hinari and google.Result: Around 350 cases have been reported so far from different part of the world. There is paucity of data from our part of world.Conclusion: The difficulties in diagnostic and therapeutic conduct of this disease, which are of great interest to public health, points to the need to develop specific protocols. MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, Page: 19-22
Oligohydramnios and Fetal Outcome: A Review
Authors: Khatun Tarannum , Ansari Akhtar Alam , Hamid Irfan , Gupta Ravi Shankar , Ahmad Md. Parwez 
Published: July 2017

Oligohydramnios is a threatening condition to fetal health and is associated with increased fetal morbidity. These conditions are often missed and patient may not seek appropriate treatment at appropriate time that often increases risk of numerous conditions. Early detection of oligohydramnios and its management may help in reduction of perinatal morbidity and mortality one side and decreased caesarean deliveries on the other side. A search in Google scholar, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE was performed using key words. Inclusion criteria for articles selection were singleton pregnancy, definition of olgohydramnios as AFI <5 cm, AF assessment at 37-42 gestational weeks. The searched revealed numerous research articles which is further refined. It is found that oligohydramnios is associated with Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR), small for gestational age (SGA), prolonged labour, caesarian section (C/S) for fetal distress (FD), meconium stained liquor, Low Apgar score and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) admission. Women with oligohydramnios are associated with higher fetal risk but can expect a safe delivery and good outcome for which proper fetal surveillance and regular Antenatal care (ANC) visits are required. MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 23-30
Problems and Solution to Diagnose Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Central Region of Nepal
Authors: Gupta Ravi Shankar , Khatun Tarannum , Ansari Akhtar Alam , Shidiki Amrullah , Bhargava Dipak , Gupta Bidhya , Majumder Anirban 
Published: July 2017

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis is high, challenging the clinicians to make correct diagnosis. Microscopy, culture and fine needle aspiration cytology have their limitations in regard to specificity and sensitivity. In this report, polymerase chain reaction is used for detecting and distinguishing Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis. A case of retropharyngeal abscess was selected from which pus was collected which was negative for microscopy and culture in routine microbiology as well as mycobacteriology. Cytopathological examination was also negative. Polymerase chain reaction was applied to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis specific IS6110 gene. The patients responded with anti-tuberculosis treatment well. Polymerase chain reaction was introduced for diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis since it can be done within hours, monitor therapy and also differentiate Mycobacterium tuberculosis from other Mycobacterial species.MED Phoenix Volume (1), Issue (1) July 2016, page: 41-43
A Bright Short Period M-M Eclipsing Binary from the KELT Survey: Magnetic Activity and the Mass–Radius Relationship for M Dwarfs
Authors: Lubin Jack B. , Rodriguez Joseph E. , Zhou George , Conroy Kyle E. , Stassun Keivan G. , Collins Karen , Stevens Daniel J. , Labadie-Bartz Jonathan , Stockdale Christopher , Myers Gordon , Colón Knicole D. , Bento Joao , Kehusmaa Petri , Petrucci Romina , Jofré Emiliano , Quinn Samuel N. , Lund Michael B. , Kuhn Rudolf B. , Siverd Robert J. , Beatty Thomas G. , Harlingten Caisey , Pepper Joshua , Gaudi B. Scott , James David , Jensen Eric L. N. , Reichart Daniel , Kedziora-Chudczer Lucyna , Bailey Jeremy , Melville Graeme 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
We report the discovery of KELT J041621-620046, a moderately bright (J ∼ 10.2) M-dwarf eclipsing binary system at a distance of 39 ± 3 pc. KELT J041621-620046 was first identified as an eclipsing binary using observations from the Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT) survey. The system has a short orbital period of ∼1.11 days and consists of components with

M

1

=

0.447

+
0.052

−
0.047

M

⊙

and

M

2

=

0.399

+
0.046

−
0.042

M

⊙

in nearly circular orbits. The radii of the two stars are

R

1

=

0.540

+
0.034

−
0.032

R

⊙

and

R

2

=
0.453
±
0.017

R

⊙

. Full system and orbital properties were determined (to ∼10% error) by conducting an EBOP (Eclipsing Binary Orbit Program) global modeling of the high precision photometric and spectroscopic observations obtained by the KELT Follow-up Network. Each star is larger by 17%–28% and cooler by 4%–10% than predicted by standard (non-magnetic) stellar models. Strong Hα emission indicates chromospheric activity in both stars. The observed radii and temperature discrepancies for both components are more consistent with those predicted by empirical relations that account for convective suppression due to magnetic activity.
Microflare Heating of a Solar Active Region Observed with NuSTAR, Hinode/XRT, and SDO/AIA
Authors: Wright Paul J. , Hannah Iain G. , Grefenstette Brian W. , Glesener Lindsay , Krucker Säm , Hudson Hugh S. , Smith David M. , Marsh Andrew J. , White Stephen M. , Kuhar Matej 
Published: July 2017

Abstract

NuSTAR is a highly sensitive focusing hard X-ray (HXR) telescope and has observed several small microflares in its initial solar pointings. In this paper, we present the first joint observation of a microflare with NuSTAR and Hinode/XRT on 2015 April 29 at ∼11:29 UT. This microflare shows the heating of material to several million Kelvin, observed in soft X-rays with Hinode/XRT, and was faintly visible in the extreme ultraviolet with SDO/AIA. For three of the four NuSTAR observations of this region (pre-flare, decay, and post-flare phases), the spectrum is well fitted by a single thermal model of 3.2–3.5 MK, but the spectrum during the impulsive phase shows additional emission up to 10 MK, emission equivalent to the A0.1 GOES class. We recover the differential emission measure (DEM) using SDO/AIA, Hinode/XRT, and NuSTAR, giving unprecedented coverage in temperature. We find that the pre-flare DEM peaks at ∼3 MK and falls off sharply by 5 MK; but during the microflare’s impulsive phase, the emission above 3 MK is brighter and extends to 10 MK, giving a heating rate of about

erg s−1. As the NuSTAR spectrum is purely thermal, we determined upper limits on the possible non-thermal bremsstrahlung emission. We find that for the accelerated electrons to be the source of heating, a power-law spectrum of

with a low-energy cutoff

keV is required. In summary, this first NuSTAR microflare strongly resembles much more powerful flares.
An In vitro Assessment of Antibacterial Activity of Three Self-etching Primers Against Oral Microflora
Authors: Shinde Sneha Dipak , Pai Vikram , Vijay Naik R. 
Published: July 2017

Aims
This study aims to evaluate and compare the antibacterial activity of three self-etching primers (SEP), namely, Transbond plus, Reliance, and Gluma against commonly encountered oral microflora (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus acidophilus, and Actinomyces viscosus).

Subjects and Methods
The antibacterial activity of the three SEPs was examined against microorganisms using agar diffusion test (ADT) and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). In ADT, Whatman’s filter paper disc of 5 mm was loaded with primer and polymerized. This was placed on previously inoculated brain heart infusion and blood agar plates and was incubated for 48– 72 h at 37°C according to the microorganism. For assessing MIC serial dilution method was used.

Statistical Analysis Used
Data were analyzed with Kruskal–Wallis (P < 0.001) and Mann–Whitney tests.

Results
Only Transbond plus SEP and Reliance SEP produced a clear growth inhibition halo against S. mutans, L. acidophilus and A. viscosus. Gluma SEP did not show any growth inhibition halo against S. mutans, L. acidophilus, and A. viscosus.

Conclusions
TSEP and Reliance SEP did show antibacterial activity in an in vitro environment. Therefore, this study concludes that the use of these SEPs may contribute to a reduction in bacterial colonization.