bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Temporal trend in the reported birth prevalence of cleft lip and/or cleft palate in Brazil, 2000 to 2013
Authors: Abreu Mauro Henrique Nogueira Guimarães , Lee Kyu Ha , Luquetti Daniela Varela , Starr Jacqueline Rose 
Published: June 2016

BackgroundThe birth prevalence of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) in Brazil increased between the years from 1975 to 1994 but has not been evaluated for temporal trend since then.MethodsWe used data from the Brazilian National Health Information System for the years 2000 through 2013. We calculated the reported CL/P birth prevalence each year per 10,000 live births and estimated the average increase in reported prevalence per year (and 95% confidence interval [CI]) by fitting a negative binomial regression model. We also estimated the temporal trend in each of the five Brazilian regions for this time period.ResultsThe overall reported birth prevalence was 4.85 (95% CI, 4.78–4.91) per 10,000 live births. The reported birth prevalence of CL/P increased over this time period, from 3.94 (95% CI, 3.73–4.17) per 10,000 in 2000 to 5.46 (95% CI, 5.20–5.74) per 10,000 in 2013. The temporal trend differed for different Brazilian geographic regions, being confined primarily to the Northeast (4.7% per year; 95% CI, 4.0%–5.5%), North (3.3% per year; 95% CI, 1.8%–4.7%), and Central (2.9% per year; 95% CI, 0.9%–4.9%) regions.ConclusionIn recent years, there appears to be an upward trend in the reported prevalence of CL/P in Brazil, confined to the less developed regions of the country. The increase likely reflects improved surveillance; whether it also reflects etiologic differences is unknown. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:789–792, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
On‐resin N‐terminal peptoid degradation: Toward mild sequencing conditions
Authors: Proulx Caroline , Noë Falko , Yoo Stan , Connolly Michael D. , Zuckermann Ronald N. 
Published: June 2016

AbstractA novel approach to sequentially degrade peptoid N‐terminal N‐(substituted)glycine residues on the solid‐phase using very mild conditions is reported. This method relies on the treatment of resin‐bound, bromoacetylated peptoids with silver perchlorate in THF, leading to an intramolecular cyclization reaction to liberate the terminal residue as a N‐substituted morpholine‐2,5‐dione, resulting in a truncated peptoid upon hydrolysis and a silver bromide byproduct. Side‐chain functional group tolerance is explored and reaction kinetics are determined. In a series of pentapeptoids possessing variable, non‐nucleophilic side‐chains at the second position (R2), we demonstrate that sequential N‐terminal degradation of the first two residues proceeds in 87% and 74% conversions on average, respectively. We further demonstrate that the degradation reaction is selective for peptoids, and represents substantial progress toward a mild, iterative sequencing method for peptoid oligomers. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 726–736, 2016.
Molecular design and genetic optimization of antimicrobial peptides containing unnatural amino acids against antibiotic‐resistant bacterial infections
Authors: He Yongkang , He Xiaofeng 
Published: June 2016

AbstractAntimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been the focus of intense research towards the finding of a viable alternative to current small‐molecule antibiotics, owing to their commonly observed and naturally occurring resistance against pathogens. However, natural peptides have many problems such as low bioavailability and high allergenicity that largely limit the clinical applications of AMPs. In the present study, an integrative protocol that combined chemoinformatics modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, and in vitro susceptibility test was described to design AMPs containing unnatural amino acids (AMP‐UAAs). To fulfill this, a large panel of synthetic AMPs with determined activity was collected and used to perform quantitative structure‐activity relationship (QSAR) modeling. The obtained QSAR predictors were then employed to direct genetic algorithm (GA)‐based optimization of AMP‐UAA population, to which a number of commercially available, structurally diverse unnatural amino acids were introduced during the optimization process. Subsequently, several designed AMP‐UAAs were confirmed to have high antibacterial potency against two antibiotic‐resistant strains, i.e. multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) < 10 μg/ml. Structural dynamics characterizations revealed that the most potent AMP‐UAA peptide is an amphipathic helix that can spontaneously embed into an artificial lipid bilayer and exhibits a strong destructuring tendency associated with the embedding process. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 106: 746–756, 2016.
Liver regeneration following repeated reversible portal vein embolization in an experimental model
Authors: Tranchart H , Koffi G M , Gaillard M , Lainas P , Poüs C , Gonin P , Nguyen T H , Dubart-Kupperschmitt A , Dagher I 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
Portal vein embolization (PVE) is used routinely to prevent postoperative liver failure as a result of anticipated insufficient future liver remnant volume following resection. The authors have recently developed a technique for temporary PVE. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of repeated reversible PVE on hepatocyte proliferation and subsequent liver hypertrophy in rodents.

Methods
Four treatments were compared (n = 21 rats per group): single reversible PVE, two PVEs separated by 14 days, partial portal vein ligation or sham procedure. The feasibility and tolerance of the procedure were assessed. Volumetric imaging by CT was used to estimate the evolution of liver volumes. After death, the weight of liver lobes was measured and hepatocyte proliferation evaluated by immunostaining.

Results
Embolization of portal branches corresponding to 70 per cent of total portal flow was performed successfully in all animals. Repeated PVE induced additional hepatocyte proliferation. Repeated embolization resulted in superior hepatocyte proliferation in the non-occluded segments compared with portal vein ligation (31·1 versus 22·2 per cent; P = 0·003). The non-occluded to total liver volume ratio was higher in the repeated PVE group than in the single PVE and sham groups (P = 0·050 and P = 0·001 respectively).

Conclusion
Repeated reversible PVE successfully induced additional hepatocyte proliferation and subsequent liver hypertrophy. Surgical relevancePortal vein embolization (PVE) is used routinely to prevent postoperative liver failure as a result of anticipated insufficient future liver remnant volume following resection.In the present study, a technique of repeated temporary PVE was developed in a rat model; this induced additional hepatocyte proliferation and an increase in liver volume compared with single embolization.This novel approach might help induce major hypertrophy of the future remnant liver, which could increase the rate of patients amenable to major liver resections.
Infiltrating immune cells and gene mutations in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang W-Q , Liu L , Xu H-X , Wu C-T , Xiang J-F , Xu J , Liu C , Long J , Ni Q-X , Yu X-J 
Published: June 2016

Abstract

Background
The aim of this study was to assess the immune profile within the microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and to investigate the prognostic value of intratumoral infiltrating immune/inflammatory cells (IICs) in patients after surgery.

Methods
Eighteen phenotypic markers representing 11 types of IIC and the protein products of genes TP53, CDKN2A/p16 and SMAD4/DPC4 were assessed by immunohistochemistry of specimens from patients with pancreatic cancer. The expression of IICs and the mutational status of the genes were correlated with tumour recurrence and survival, and results were validated in an independent cohort.

Results
CD15+ neutrophils, CD20+ B cells and CD206+ tumour-associated macrophages were seen frequently in tumours, and their presence was associated with reduced survival in a cohort of 79 patients. Expression of CD4+ T helper cells, CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD117+ mast cells was associated with a favourable prognosis. A weighted Cox regression recurrence-predictive model was constructed that showed good correlation of IICs and gene mutations. A combination of CD15, CD206, CD117 and Smad4 expression was independently associated with overall (hazard ratio (HR) 3·63, 95 per cent c.i. 2·18 to 6·04; P &lt; 0·001) and recurrence-free (HR 2·93, 1·81 to 4·75; P &lt; 0·001) survival. These findings were validated in an independent cohort (151 patients) and in 54 tissue samples obtained by preoperative endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.

Conclusion
PDAC has a unique immunosuppressive phenotype that is associated with characteristic gene mutations, disease recurrence and survival after pancreatectomy. Surgical relevanceThe immune microenvironment plays a critical role in the development of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is associated with mutations in major driver genes, including KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A/p16 and SMAD4/DPC4.This study shows that the microenvironment of PDAC has a unique immunosuppressive phenotype, which may be driven by oncogene mutations. Patients with PDAC with a highly immunosuppressive profile tended to have poor postoperative survival. A model including three intratumoral infiltrating immune markers (CD15+, CD206+ and CD117+) and a SMAD4 mutation can be used to predict recurrence and survival in patients after surgery for PDAC.
13,14‐seco‐Withanolides from Physalis minima with Potential Anti‐inflammatory Activity
Authors: Lin Ru , Guan Yu‐Zhou , Li Rui‐Jun , Xu Xiao‐Ming , Luo Jian‐Guang , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: June 2016

Four new 13,14‐seco‐withanolides, minisecolides A – D (1 – 4), together with three known analogues 5 – 7, were isolated from the whole plants of Physalis minima. The structures of new compounds were determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, including 1H‐, 13C‐NMR, 2D‐NMR (HMBC, HSQC, ROESY), and HR‐ESI‐MS. Evaluation of all isolates for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production was conducted on lipopolysaccaride‐activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Compounds 2, 3, 5, and 6 showed inhibitory activities, especially for compound 5 with IC50 value of 3.87 μm.
Incidence and Clinical Impact of Stroke Complicating Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation: Results From the German TAVIRegistry
Authors: Werner Nicolas , Zeymer Uwe , Schneider Steffen , Bauer Timm , Gerckens Ulrich , Linke Axel , Hamm Christian , Sievert Horst , Eggebrecht Holger , Zahn Ralf ,   on behalf of the German Transcatheter Aortic Valve Interventions‐Registry Investigators
Published: June 2016

BackgroundTranscatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has emerged as a safe and effective treatment for patients with severe, symptomatic aortic valve stenosis at high surgical risk over the last years. However, besides its minimal invasive character, TAVI still is an invasive procedure usually performed in a population, carrying a substantial risk for vascular complications, like stroke. Stroke is known to be a rare but serious complication of transvascular interventions in clinical practice, which is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Despite broad clinical research in many fields of TAVI over the last years, only sparse data still exist on the incidence and clinical risk factors of stroke complicating TAVI in clinical practice today.MethodsWe analyzed data of 1.413 TAVIs, which were enrolled at 30 sites into the prospective and multicenter German TAVI Registry from January 2009 until June 2010.ResultsThe overall incidence of cerebrovascular events complicating TAVI was 3.2% (n = 45/1.413) in a real‐world population today. 40% of all cerebrovascular events were classified as transient ischemic attacks (TIA) with symptoms lasting < 24 hr (18/45) and 60% were classified as stroke with symptoms persisting > 24 hr (27/45). All strokes complicating TAVI of 50% were classified as major strokes leading to notable disability in patients, who survive this complication (Modified Ranking Scale 3–6). In‐hospital mortality rate in patients with stroke/TIA was 28.9%, compared to 6.9% in patients without stroke/TIA and 1‐year mortality rate 46.7% versus 18.6%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, prior stroke and renal impairment were found as the only independent predictors for stroke complicating TAVI.ConclusionsStroke complicating TAVI is a serious complication with a clinically relevant incidence even in daily practice leading to a fivefold increase in 30‐day‐mortality rate, as well as a significant increase in morbidity and disability in patients, who survive this devastating complication. Further research is needed to identify risk factors and ways to reduce stroke after TAVI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Infantile spasms with periventricular nodular heterotopia, unbalanced chromosomal translocation 3p26.2 ‐10p15.1 and 6q22.31 duplication
Authors: Jones Kevin , Weiss Shelly K. , Minassian Berge 
Published: June 2016

Key Clinical MessagePatients presenting with infantile spasms, dysmorphic features, and periventricular nodular heterotopia may benefit from genetic copy number variation microarray, or whole‐exome sequencing to identify candidate genes. This will allow personalized diagnosis and prognostication and the eventual understanding of single and combined gene functions in brain health and disease.
Each worm to his taste: some prefer to eat nettles – a giant gastric phytobezoar
Authors: Gachabayov Mahir , Abdullaev Abakar , Mityushin Petr , Gilyazov Timur 
Published: June 2016

Key Clinical MessageNettle consumption, as well as persimmon, orange, coconut etc. can lead to phytobezoar formation. Coke and cellulase‐resistant phytobezoars should be removed either endoscopically or surgically, depending on their dimensions. The treatment of choice for giant phytobezoars (more than 10 cm) is gastrotomy.
Should the clinician do the tests for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo even in the presence of spontaneous nystagmus at primary gaze?
Authors: Yetiser Sertac 
Published: June 2016

Key Clinical MessageDifferent balance problems may occur in the same patient simultaneously, and the other problem may be overlooked if the clinician does not pay much attention. Spontaneous nystagmus of Meniere's disease and positional nystagmus of posterior canal BPPV in the same patient is presented. Positional tests must always be considered even in the presence of spontaneous nystagmus.
Dehydration of Xylose to Furfural in Alcohol Media in the Presence of Solid Acid Catalysts
Authors: Iglesias Jose , Melero Juan A. , Morales Gabriel , Paniagua Marta , Hernández Blanca 
Published: June 2016

AbstractDifferent solid acid catalysts, which include several zeolites, zirconium oxide based catalysts, and materials that contain sulfonic acids, have been evaluated in the dehydration of xylose to furfural in alcohol media. Alcohol media were selected to reduce side reactions, many of which occur in aqueous media. Among the tested alcohols, 2‐propanol provided better results and yielded a higher furfural production than ethanol and methanol. Catalyst screening evidenced that small‐pore‐size zeolites (H‐ZSM5) or catalysts that show weak acidity (tungstated zirconia) were unable to promote the desired transformation. Kinetic studies performed for the different types of materials revealed that the nature of the acid sites influenced the catalytic performance of the different solid acids to the extent of conditioning the main reaction pathway for the transformation of xylose into furfural. Thus, whereas Lewis acids seem to promote furfural production by the direct dehydration of xylose, Brønsted‐type catalysts lead to alkyl xylosides as intermediates in the overall transformation. Although both types of catalysts provide high furfural yields in short reaction times, especially at high temperatures, commercially available β‐zeolite with an adequate combination of Brønsted and Lewis acids sites seems to contain the right physicochemical properties to maximize furfural production.
IPr3Si3Cl5+: A Highly Reactive Cation with Silanide Character
Authors: Uhlemann Fabian , Schnepf Andreas 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe reaction of a metastable SiCl2 solution with the sterically less‐demanding carbene N,N‐diisopropylimidazo‐2‐ylidene (IPr) yields the salt [(IPr3Si3Cl5)+]Cl− (1‐Cl), containing a silyl cation with a Si3 backbone. Salt 1 is highly reactive, but it can be used as a reagent in deuterated dichloromethane, whereby dehalogenation with Me3SiOTf (OTf=O3SCF3) gives the dicationic silyl halide [(IPr3Si3Cl4)]2+ 2. Quantum chemical calculations show that the HOMO is localized at the negatively charged central silicon atom of 1 and 2, and thus although both compounds are cations they are better described as silanides, which was also corroborated by NMR investigations.
Simple and Efficient Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Oxidation of Primary Alcohols with Molecular Oxygen
Authors: Ray Ritwika , Chandra Shubhadeep , Maiti Debabrata , Lahiri Goutam Kumar 
Published: June 2016

AbstractOxidative transformations utilizing molecular oxygen (O2) as the stoichiometric oxidant are of paramount importance in organic synthesis from ecological and economical perspectives. Alcohol oxidation reactions that employ O2 are scarce in homogeneous catalysis and the efficacy of such systems has been constrained by limited substrate scope (most involve secondary alcohol oxidation) or practical factors, such as the need for an excess of base or an additive. Catalytic systems employing O2 as the “primary” oxidant, in the absence of any additive, are rare. A solution to this longstanding issue is offered by the development of an efficient ruthenium‐catalyzed oxidation protocol, which enables smooth oxidation of a wide variety of primary, as well as secondary benzylic, allylic, heterocyclic, and aliphatic, alcohols with molecular oxygen as the primary oxidant and without any base or hydrogen‐ or electron‐transfer agents. Most importantly, a high degree of selectivity during alcohol oxidation has been predicted for complex settings. Preliminary mechanistic studies including 18O labeling established the in situ formation of an oxo–ruthenium intermediate as the active catalytic species in the cycle and involvement of a two‐electron hydride transfer in the rate‐limiting step.
Azomethine Ylides from Nitrones: Using Catalytic nBuLi for the Totally Stereoselective Synthesis of trans‐2‐Alkyl‐3‐oxazolines
Authors: Juste‐Navarro Veronica , Delso Ignacio , Tejero Tomás , Merino Pedro 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe cycloaddition of azomethine ylide N‐oxides (nitrone ylides) with aldehydes provides 3‐oxazolines in a completely stereoselective manner in the presence of a catalytic amount of n‐butyllithium. The process involves an initial nucleophilic attack on the aldehyde, followed by intramolecular oxygen addition to the nitrone moiety and lithium‐assisted elimination of water, regenerating the catalytic species. Various Li‐based catalytic systems are possible and the in situ generated water is required for continuing the catalytic cycle. The best results are observed with 20 mol % of n‐butyllithium, whereas the use of stoichiometric amounts inhibit the rate of catalysis. Experimental, spectroscopic, and computational mechanistic studies have provided evidence of lithium‐ion catalysis and rationalized several competing catalytic pathways
How do you write and present research well? 14—Favour images over text in graphical abstracts
Authors: Patience Paul A. , Boffito Daria C. , Patience Gregory S. 
Published: June 2016

Abstract
Line weights in presentations are heavier than in journal articles. They also depend on frame dimensions—lines should be thicker for wider graphs. What line weight should frame a 70 mm graph for a paper (or poster)? For a presentation or graphical abstract?[1,2] (Multiple choices possible)

Papers & Posters
Presentations & GAs

a
hairline

b
3 pt
6 pt

c
0.75 pt
1.5 pt

d
0.25 mm
0.25 mm

e
0.01″
0.02″
PI controller design for a TITO system based on delay compensated structure and direct synthesis
Authors: Jin Qibing , Zhu Lingjia , Wang Qi , Jiang Beiyan 
Published: June 2016

AbstractThe present study suggests a new scheme to design a decentralized PI controller for two‐input two‐output (TITO) processes. The decentralized controller is obtained from the direct synthesis method. The decoupler is derived from a modified decoupler and minimizes the interaction between the loops. Then a new reduced method based on equivalent transfer function (ETF) with relative gain array concept and relative normalized relative gain array concept reduces the decoupled process transfer functions to first‐order plus time delay (FOPTD) forms. Further, two PI controllers are obtained in the proposed delay‐compensated configuration in terms of the only parameter in every individual loop for the FOPTD transfer functions. Three illustrative examples demonstrate that the performance is verified on the original interactive system and show the effectiveness of the proposed design method. The results confirm the superior performance of the proposed compensation configuration in nominal and robust cases. The proposed method also offers several important advantages compared to other previous methods.
A personalized recommender system for SaaS services
Authors: Afify Yasmine M. , Moawad Ibrahim F. , Badr Nagwa L. , Tolba Mohamed F. 
Published: June 2016

SummaryIn this paper, we propose the Software‐as‐a‐Service (SaaS) Recommender (SaaSRec), a personalized reputation‐based QoS‐aware recommender system (RS) for SaaS services. SaaSRec semantically processes user requests in order to find business‐oriented matching services, which are then filtered to satisfy the user QoS requirements and service characteristics. Subsequently, hybrid filtering is utilized to validate the services set on the basis of services metadata, reputation and user interests. Finally, the recommended set of services is ranked using a unique combination of factors: Relevance to user profile, service reputations and service cost. Moreover, we propose a new method for calculating the service reputation from the objective time‐weighted user feedbacks. SaaSRec addresses many challenges faced by the generic RSs: User cold‐start problem, limited content analysis and low performance. In respect of service RSs, SaaSRec tackles the disregarding of relevant factors to services recommendation: Cloud service characteristics, user physical location, service reputation and user interests. Moreover, SaaSRec provides a hybrid justification for the recommended services to increase the user's acceptance. Experimental evaluation against a real‐world services dataset has been carried out, and the results show that the proposed recommendation approach surpasses other collaborative filtering‐based recommendation approaches in respect of both precision and recall. This performance improvement was verified using different matrix density levels and number of recommendations. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.