bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-Thrax: Anthrax Narratives and Unstable Ground
Authors: Mitchell Chantelle 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Numerous articles predicting pandemic futures identify threats tied directly to a warming planet. One notable example is the threat of once-stable pathogens held in ice shelves being released into the world. Bacillus anthracis, or anthrax, presents as the key bacterial threat emerging from melting permafrost. Such a threat reads like a fictitious horror brought into direct proximity with the real. Exploring perceptions of microbes across time and the resonance of specific tropes in television and eco-horror in the context of anthrax reveals an unstable theoretical and ecological landscape characterized by shifting human/biological relationships. Untangling this relationship more than 20 years after the last great anthrax-related challenge – the “Amerithrax” incident – and in recognition of the impact of COVID-19 on contemporary environmental humanities, it becomes possible to think of contagion as more than an epidemiological threat. Instead, contagion, as related to anthrax, can be identified as a window across time and place, one which assists in rethinking relationships to ecologies and environments. Two theoretical frameworks, the “outbreak narrative” as proposed by Priscilla Wald and the “hijacker model” introduced by Hannah Landecker, are deployed as lenses to introduce and think differently anthrax’s contemporary condition.
Ableism in the Air: Disability Panic in Stephen King’s The Stand
Authors: Young Alexis 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This article uses Stephen King’s 1990, uncut release of his famous 1978 horror novel The Stand to reveal the ways the contemporary horror genre implements the language of pandemics and contagious disease to promote ableist ideas about disability. The horror novel villainizes an antagonist as a central function of its plot. When the antagonist is an airborne disease that inflicts disability and death upon its victims, the novel can be a site of production for what I term “disability panic,” a fear and disgust at the possibility of becoming disabled, and a contempt for those who already are. This article argues that The Stand calls attention to how stereotypes and misconceptions around illness-induced disability form in times of crisis. This article merges genre studies in horror, disability language, and rhetoric of disease in literature to uncover how King reveals that the language of the horror novel can contribute to a cultural fear and hatred of disability. This novel, though written decades ago, mimics the language of corona virus disease 2019 in current popular media. This article demonstrates how fear of airborne disease in a horror novel can increase fear of real-life pandemics and contribute to ableist views of those suffering from illness-related disability.
Study of technical means for heat generation, its application, flow control, and conversion of other types of energy into thermal energy
Authors: Ismayilzada Matanat , Abbasova Sevda , Novruzova Ulduza , Safarova Tarana 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The relevance of the study of technical means for the production, management, application, and conversion of heat is conditioned by the rapid development of the energy sector, the global challenges of climate change, and the need for sustainable and efficient solutions for providing thermal energy, in connection with the need for energy efficiency, optimization of resource use, sustainability, and environmental compatibility, as well as technological progress and innovation. The purpose of this study is to investigate the problems associated with technical means for heat generation, identify shortcomings related to the production, use, and management of thermal energy flows, and consider technical devices for converting alternative types of energy into thermal energy to identify recommendations that would allow them to be used more efficiently. The main results of the study were the analysis of technical means and devices in the field of thermal power engineering and alternative energy, the main problems and shortcomings that lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the operation of technical means, heat loss, reduced comfort, and emissions of harmful substances into the environment, which can lead to a negative impact on human health, a decrease in quality, and other environmental problems.
Numerical modeling of site response at large strains with simplified nonlinear models: Application to Lotung seismic array
Authors: Di Buccio Francesco , Pagliaroli Alessandro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Site response analyses at large strains are routinely carried out neglecting the shear strength of soil and the stiffness degradation due to the increase in pore pressures, leading to unrealistic predictions of the seismic response of soil deposits. The study investigates the performance of a simplified nonlinear (NL) approach, implemented in the Deepsoil code, constituted by coupling a hyperbolic model incorporating shear strength with a strain-based semi-empirical pore pressure generation model. The first part of the study, based on a large one-dimensional parametric study, shows that above a shear strain of 0.1%, it is necessary to include shear strength in the site response modelling to get more realistic results. Then, the approach has been evaluated with reference to the well-known downhole Large-Scale Seismic Test array located in Lotung (Taiwan): numerical results have been compared with recordings in terms of acceleration response spectra and pore water pressure time histories at different depths along the soil profiles. The comparison shows that the NL simplified model is characterized by an accuracy comparable with more sophisticated advanced elasto-plastic NL analyses adopting essentially the same input data of the traditional equivalent linear approaches(shear modulus and damping curves) and simple physical-mechanical properties routinely determined during geotechnical surveys (i.e., shear strength, relative density, fine content). This approach is therefore recommended for site response analyses reaching large strains (i.e., soft soil deposits and moderate-to-high input motions).
Demographic Data for the Pre-Statistical Age (Late Sixteenth Century to 1870)
Authors: Pfister Ulrich , Fertig Georg 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The article provides an overview of the historical organization of data collection on vital events and population in German territories during the pre-statistical era and briefly presents about a dozen related datasets. Data can be divided into the two categories of aggregate data on population and vital rates at the national, regional and community levels, and of nominative data at individual and household levels. The latter type of data is typically available only for individual communities or parishes. We illustrate the use of the datasets in published studies and point to directions for future research. The most important recent development concerns the increasing availability of indexed church records and online village genealogies, which offer a vast and little exploited potential for analysing the demographic patterns that prevailed prior to the onset of the demographic transition.
Methodological advances in formulation and assay of herbal resources-based topical drug delivery systems
Authors: Gunawardana Shehara , Dias Bhavantha 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Medicinal plants have been utilized for centuries as a source of healing compounds, which consist of thousands of known bioactive molecules with therapeutic potentials. This article aims to explore and emphasize the significance of medicinal plants and bioactive compounds in the development of topical pharmaceutical formulations. The journey from the extraction of phytochemicals to the development of topical pharmaceutical formulations is described with the aid of scientific evidence selected from PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. Articles published in English during 2018–2023 period were considered and selected randomly. The review discusses the extraction process of medicinal plants, solvent selection, and green synthesis of metal nanoparticles. Subsequently, various biological activities of plant extracts are elaborated especially focusing on antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and sun protection activities, along with the corresponding in vitro assays commonly employed for the evaluation. The article presents the process of compound isolation through bioactivity-guided fractionation and also the toxicity evaluation of isolated fractions. Finally, the formulation of medicinal plant extracts into topical pharmaceuticals is addressed, emphasizing the stability evaluation procedures necessary for ensuring product quality and efficacy.
Assessment of iron metabolism and iron deficiency in incident patients on incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Yin Qinghua , Guo Na , Fu Ping , Zhong Hui 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objective
The aim of this study was to investigate iron status and iron deficiency in incident continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients and identify influencing factors.

Methods
Patients with end-stage renal disease were enrolled. Clinical data of iron metabolism and biochemical and dialysis parameters during the first peritoneal dialysis evaluation were collected. Serum ferritin (SF) and transferrin saturation (TSAT) levels were evaluated, and independent influencing factors were identified by correlation and regression analyses.

Results
Of 1,128 adult CAPD patients, 41.2% had iron deficiency (ID), 15.7% had absolute iron deficiency, and 8.2% had functional iron deficiency. The average SF level was (276.8 ± 277.9) μg/L, and iron saturation was (29.8 ± 12.7)%. Additionally, 50.2 and 69.3% of patients reached targets in SF level and iron saturation recommended by the Chinese Society of Nephrology. SF level and TSAT were not correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate, whereas negatively correlated with platelet count and inflammatory factors. Low platelet count, presence of diabetes mellitus and high interleukin 6 levels were independent factors of lower TSAT.

Conclusions
ID is common in patients with CAPD. Women and those with thrombocytopenia, diabetes, and inflammation are at higher risk for iron storage or reduced iron utilization. In the initial CAPD stage, a reasonable iron supplement strategy may be established for CAPD patients with high-risk factors.
Topic Tendencies in Global Studies: Beyond the Boundaries of Regions and Disciplines in 30 Years of Publication Using Bibliometrics
Authors: Rozo-Higuera Carolina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This essay answers the research question: What are the main topic tendencies in Global Studies journals within 30 years of publication from 1989 to 2019? As Global Studies is an interdisciplinary field, the methodology being applied addresses the problem of analyzing fields of knowledge whose content shares research interests, objects of study and methods with others. I map the field, being aware of the crossroads between fields as an opportunity to show how, from the diversity of topics, fields nourish themselves from this intellectual richness and, at the same time, delineate their “own” space within the complex system of sciences. For this purpose, I use bibliometric tools for visualizing data such as VOSviewer and CiteSpace. The conclusions show (1) how an important percentage of content from Area Studies (Co-field of Global Studies) become “global” over time; (2) how disciplines merge through relationships among topics in global research; and (3) how topics about crisis, war, and health issues had already high occurrence degrees in the Global Studies field before the crisis of pandemics and war after 2019.
Development of fibre properties in mill scale: high- and low consistency refining of thermomechanical pulp (part 2) – Importance of fibre curl
Authors: Ferritsius Rita , Sandberg Christer , Rundlöf Mats , Ferritsius Olof , Daniel Geoffrey , Engberg Birgitta A. , Nilsson Fritjof 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Increased knowledge on the correlation between pulp processing, fibre-properties and paper properties is required to improve fibre-based products. Part 1 of this investigation deals with the effects of HC and LC refining on fibre properties development. LC refining reduced curl and increased tensile index in a manner similar to hot disintegration whereas HC refining increased curl slightly. In this second part, the correlation between fibre curl and handsheet properties of thermomechanical pulp, subjected to low consistency (LC) refining and hot/cold disintegration is examined. Fibre curl decreased by laboratory disintegration and LC refining and showed a linear correlation with increased tensile index and tensile stiffness. Evaluation of fibre property distributions gave a more detailed description of the development of fibre properties. These revealed that disintegration and LC refining gave different fibre curl versus fibre length distributions, even when their average values were similar. These results confirm that analysing fibre property distributions contributes to a more detailed knowledge of the development of pulp quality. Hot disintegration before laboratory testing exaggerated pulp quality and increase internal fibrillation and can therefore be questioned. When hot disintegration is performed before pulp analyses, the impact of LC refining on paper properties may be misjudged.
A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial on the effect of Surya Nadi Pranayama practice on cognitive abilities in school children
Authors: Sathya Aravind , Arumugam Velan , Balakrishnan Arthi , Subramanian Kahlil , Annamalai Gayathri , Venkateswaran Sankaralingam Thirupathy , Ponnurangam Ramesh , Kuppusamy Maheshkumar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Surya Nadi Pranayama is a yogic breathing technique that involves controlled breathing through the right nostril. The study aims to evaluate the effects of the 20-min practice of Surya Nadi pranayama (4 weeks) on cognition among schoolchildren, comparing it to observing a normal breathing pattern.

Methods
A randomized control study design will be adopted for this study with 100 school children with 12–16 years of age, will be recruited. Subjects will be randomly divided into the study and control groups. The study group will be advised to practice Surya Nadi Pranayama (n = 50), whereas the control group (n = 50) will be asked to relax in a sitting posture between 9 am and 10 am, Monday to Friday, for 20 min daily over 30 days.

Results
A baseline and post-intervention assessment will be performed for all the subjects a day before and after the intervention. The primary outcome measures are visual reaction time and auditory reaction time. The secondary outcome is critical flicker fusion frequency.

Conclusion
The potential benefits of this yogic breathing technique and the findings of this research may contribute to the development of interventions aimed at improving cognitive functioning in school-aged children. The study is prospectively registered in the Clinical Trial Registry of India (CTRI/2024/05/067441).
Removal of acidic dyes; acid yellow 25 and acid red 4 from wastewater by degassed activated carbon
Authors: Gul AlSaba , Alam Sultan , Ilyas Muhammad , Zahoor Muhammad , Umar Muhammad Naveed , Ullah Riaz , Iqbal Zafar 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Activated carbon was prepared at 300 °C and 600 °C, characterized by SEM, EDX and XRD, and was then used as an adsorbent for the removal of acidic dyes; acid yellow 25 and acid red 4. The activated carbon prepared at high temperature (600 °C) due to its high carbon contents and surface area was subsequently used as adsorbent for the selected dyes adsorption using batch adsorption approaches to estimate different adsorption parameters. For the estimation of kinetics and equilibrium parameters a number of kinetics and isotherm models were employed. Dyes were adsorbed on activated carbon surface at a high rate for the first 15 min, after which it began to diffuse into the micro pores and thus the process became steady. The rate constant was estimated for first and second order kinetics models. The maximum adsorption capacities recorded were 526.32 mg g−1 for acid red 4 and 555.55 mg g−1 for acid yellow 25. The enthalpy change values recorded were; 19.44 kJ mol−1 for acid yellow 25 adsorption and 16 kJ mol−1 for acid red 4 adsorption, meant that the process is endothermic. The negative values of Gibbs free energy change (−393.28, −1,515.48, −2,634.68 J mol−1) of acid red 4 and acid yellow 25 (−251.72, −1,058.06, −2,367.84 J mol−1) at tested temperatures, confirmed the feasibility and spontaneity of the adsorption processes. The adsorption of dyes on the carbon surface was diffusion-controlled process, as demonstrated by the linear graph of intraparticle diffusion model.
“We usually use paragraph one to introduce the topic”: trust building via appraisals by practicum EFL teachers in classroom interactions
Authors: Wang Xueyu , Ni Xiangxiang 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
This study investigates how practicum EFL teachers build trust through appraisals in classroom interactions at a local senior high school in Mainland China. Building upon prior research on trust discourse and appraisals, we present a model of teachers’ trust discourse, which we apply to analyze six English reading lessons conducted by three young EFL practicum teachers. The findings reveal that the practicum EFL teachers construct two distinct types of trust: cognition-based trust (CBT) and affect-based trust (ABT). CBT is formed through the communication of the teachers’ epistemic and deontic authority, while ABT is fostered by emphasizing values congruence and guanxi (interpersonal connections) between the teachers and the students. Appraisals play a crucial role in the trust-building efforts of the practicum teachers. Our analysis further indicates a preference among the practicum teachers for prioritizing CBT, as evidenced by their strategic use of appreciation and judgment resources in the attitude system, as well as the application of force resources in the graduation system. This study provides valuable insights into the pivotal role of appraisals in cultivating trust between EFL teachers and students in classroom settings.
STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF HEAVY OIL RESINS FROM THE NURLAT OILFIELD UNDER THERMAL ACTION
Authors: ГЕРАСИМОВА Н.Н. , ЧЕШКОВА Т.В. , МИН Р.С. , САГАЧЕНКО Т.А. 
Published: September 2024

Проведено исследование смол, выделенных из тяжелой высоковязкой нефти Нурлатского месторождения. Комплексом физико-химических методов (ИК-спектроскопия, УФ-спектроскопия, хромато-масс-спектрометрия, химическая деструкция) изучен состав фрагментов, связанных сульфидными и эфирными мостиками в молекулах исходных смол, и жидких продуктов их конверсии при 450 °С в условиях лабораторного эксперимента. Показано, что деструкции подвергаются главным образом фрагменты, связанные в структуре исходного образца через наименее термически устойчивые функциональные группы сложных эфиров и алифатических сульфидов. “Серосвязанные” и “эфиросвязанные” соединения в структуре обоих образцов смол представлены н-алканами, н-алкилциклопентанами, н-алкилциклогексанами и гопанами. Среди “серосвязанных” соединений установлены никельпорфирины. В процессе термолиза наиболее заметно изменяется молекулярный состав “связанных” н-алканов. Разрыв эфирной связи в молекулах вторичных смол приводит к образованию продуктов, содержащих моно- и дибромиды алкилдифенилов. Этот факт свидетельствует о том, что данные ароматические соединения присутствуют в составе смол в виде фрагментов, связанных с другими структурными фрагментами через один и два эфирных мостика.
Resins extracted from heavy high-viscous oil of the Nurlat oilfield were investigated. The composition of fragments bound through sulphide and ether bridges in the molecules of initial resins and the liquid products of their conversion at 450 oC under the conditions of laboratory experiment was studied using a set of physicochemical methods (IR spectroscopy, UV spectroscopy, gas chromatography -mass spectrometry, chemical destruction). It is shown that the fragments undergoing destruction are mainly those bound in the structure of the initial sample through the least thermally stable functional groups of esters and aliphatic sulphides. Sulphur- and ether-bound compounds in the structure of both resin samples are represented by n -alkanes, n -alkylcyclopentanes, n -alkylcyclohexanes and hopanes. The presence of nickel porphyrins was established among the sulphur-bound compounds. It is the molecular composition of bound n -alkanes that changes most noticeably during thermolysis. Ether bond cleavage in the molecules of secondary resins leads to the formation of products containing mono- and dibromides of alkyl biphenyls. This fact provides evidence that these aromatic compounds are present in resins in the form of fragments bound with other structural fragments through one and two ether bridges.
MODELLING OF THE CONTACT OF OIL SYSTEMS WITH NATURAL WATER BODIES
Authors: МУХОРТИНА Н.А. , СЕРЕБРЕННИКОВА О.В. , КРАСНОЯРОВА Н.А. 
Published: September 2024

Проведено лабораторное моделирование нефтяного загрязнения водных объектов с использованием системы “дизельное топливо - вода - минеральная фаза”. Методом газовой хромато-масс-спектрометрии изучены содержание и состав органических соединений в каждой из составляющих систему частей. Выявлен характер изменения состава присутствующих в дизельном топливе н-алканов, полициклических ароматических и нафтеновых углеводородов, циклогексанов, алкилбензолов и триметилалкилбензолов при переходе из дизельного топлива в водную и минеральную фазы.
Laboratory modelling of oil pollution of water bodies was carried out using the diesel fuel - water - mineral phase system. The content and composition of organic compounds in each of the parts making up the system were studied by gas chromatography - mass spectrometry. The direction of changes in the composition of n -alkanes, polycyclic aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons, cyclohexanes, alkylbenzenes and trimethylalkylbenzenes present in diesel fuel during the transition from diesel fuel to the aqueous and mineral phases has been revealed.
ANALYSIS OF THE ECOLOGICAL STATE OF OIL-PRODUCING TERRITORIES IN WEST SIBERIA USING MODIS SATELLITE DATA
Authors: ПЕРЕМИТИНА Т.О. , ЯЩЕНКО И.Г. 
Published: September 2024

Исследовано экологическое состояние труднодоступных нефтедобывающих территорий Западной Сибири. Представлены результаты анализа динамики значений вегетационного индекса EVI (Enchanced Vegetation Index) с целью оценки состояния растительного покрова территорий углеводородных месторождений Ямало-Ненецкого автономного округа по спутниковым данным MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer). Проведен расчет средних значений EVI растительности территорий месторождений за полные периоды вегетации с 25 мая по 20 сентября 2013-2022 гг. Установлено, что в среднем значения индекса EVI за весь период вегетации в 2022 г. стали выше более чем на 20 % по сравнению с данными 2013 г., а также выявлены тенденции увеличения EVI в заключительном периоде вегетации за исследуемый 10-летний период.
The ecological state of hard-to-reach oil-producing territories of West Siberia has been studied. Results of the analysis of enhanced vegetation index (EVI) dynamics are presented in order to assess the state of vegetation cover over the territories of hydrocarbon fields of in the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District using moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite data. The average EVI values of vegetation over oilfield areas were calculated for full growing seasons from May 25 to September 20, 2013-2022. It has been determined that, on average, EVI values for the entire growing season in 2022 became higher by more than 20 % compared to the data in 2013. The trend to an increase in EVI in the final growing season over the 10-year period under study was identified.