bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing a model predictive controller for graphite baking process
Authors: Putiatin Redrikh , Zhuchenko Anatoliy 
Published: September 2024

Model predictive controller provides better control quality for graphite products baking process than PID and its variations. The drawback of MPC is its high sensitivity to object modelling errors. If all of object parameters are varied just by 3 % simultaneously then MPC provides satisfactory control no more.
In the current paper we design an adaptive MPC for baking process control. In order to identify furnace section “under the fire” on-line, we utilize recursive least squares algorithm with forgetting factor equal to 0,98. We compare conventional and adaptive MPCs in the following cases: accurate model; undesirable deviations of object parameters from model parameters (object is time invariant); desirable deviations; time variant object with step-changing parameters. In each case adaptive MPC provides control that ensures temperature difference inside the hottest (the most “dangerous”) graphite bar to be small enough, and even gives some margin for it (0,8 % to 8 %). However, the cost for this is increased process duration (4,8 % to 142,1 %) and more fuel-consuming (1,2 % to 106,2 %) than in case of non-adaptive MPC, even if the latter provides satisfactory control as well.
In general, it is reasonable to use an adaptive MPC instead of a conventional one. Margin of economical reasonability needs further research. Also, it is necessary to compare different identification methods in order to achieve faster transition process.
Polymer gel materials based on polyvinyl alcohol and silver nanoparticles
Authors: Demchenko Valerii , Zahorodnia Svitlana , Rybalchenko Nataliia , Artiukh Liubov , Zaremba Polina , Yurzhenko Maksym , Sytnyk Illia , Ovsyankina Viktoriya , Neimash Volodymyr 
Published: September 2024

Recently, issues of technogenic and environmental safety have come to the fore in the development of civilization. Currently, there is a tendency to increase the number of man-made emergencies. One of the ways to mitigate their impact and consequences on the population is the creation of innovative medical materials.
Therefore, the idea of ​​developing a non-toxic, antibacterial and antiviral polymer hydrogel with given functional properties as a wound dressing is relevant today.
The work is devoted to the creation of silver-containing gel materials based on polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol. Hydrogel nanocomposite materials were obtained by reduction of silver ions with the help of ascorbic acid followed by cross-linking of polymer macromolecules by irradiation with a high-energy electron beam. The structure of hydrogel materials was studied by the method of wide-angle X-ray scattering and the presence of metallic silver in the studied polymer systems was confirmed. It was established that polymeric hydrogel materials PVA-PEG-1%-Ag exhibit antimicrobial and antiviral activity. It was found that the investigated polymer hydrogel materials with silver nanoparticles do not exhibit a toxic effect.
Decomposition of official population projections in Brazil
Authors: Correa Charles 
Published: September 2024

Brazil’s population has continually changed over time. However, the effects of each demographic component on official population projections are still unclear. In this research, we replicate the Population Projections Revision 2018 of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics using a projection matrix model and the cohort-component method by sex, age and geographic regions. Thereafter, we established four alternative scenarios to decompose the official benchmark scenario into four demographic effects (fertility, age structure, mortality, and migration) and one residual effect. The results reveal that fertility and age structure effects have been the main drivers of the population dynamics between 2010 and 2060. On the one hand, the negative effect of fertility below replacement level has been mostly offset by the still positive effect of the age structure, even across regions in the country. On the other hand, age structure effect has been decreasing over time. By 2048, the effects of age structure, mortality and migration will no longer counterbalance fertility effects, resulting in a population decline.
Analisis Miskonsepsi Siswa dalam Pemecahan Masalah Matematis pada Materi Aljabar Kelas VII SMPK Tirtamarta-BPK Penabur
Authors: Pakpahan Ruth Yolanda Sari , Sampoerno Pinta Deniyanti , Haeruman Leny Dhianti 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan miskonsepsi yang dilakukan oleh siswa dalam pemecahan masalah matematis pada materi aljabar kelas VII. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan tes tertulis kepada 47 siswa kelas VII SMPK-Tirtamarta BPK Penabur dan wawancara kepada delapan subjek penelitian dengan mikonsepi terbanyak dan bersedia untuk diwawancarai. Tes tertulis dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mengetahui letak miskonsepsi siswa berdasarkan jenis miskonsepsi yang dikemukakan oleh LEARN. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis miskonsepsi yang dilakukan siswa, diantaranya 1) Miskonsepsi pengertian huruf; 2) Miskonsepsi notasi; 3) Miskonsepsi penggeneralisasian; serta 4) Miskonsepsi pengaplikasian aturan. Miskonsepsi yang paling banyak dilakukan oleh siswa adalah miskonsepsi pengaplikasian aturan.
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Guided Discovery Learning Berbantuan LKPD Terstruktur terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa SMA Negeri 30 Jakarta
Authors: Mutiah  , Salsabila Ellis , Dhianti Haeruman Leny 
Published: September 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran guided discovery learning dengan berbantuan LKPD terstruktur terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi-Experiment dengan post-test only control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Cluster Random Sampling. Sampel penelitian yaitu siswa kelas X-3 dan X-2 di SMA Negeri 30 Jakarta. Kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa diukur menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu 5 soal uraian pada materi sistem persamaan linear tiga variabel yang telah valid dan reliabel. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakaan uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi , didapat bahwa nilai dan sehingga . Hasil perhitungan nilai Cohen’s effect size sebesar 0,668 yang termasuk pada kategori sedang dengan presentase 73%. Berdasarkan hasil yang telah didapatkan, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh dari penerapan model pembelajaran guided discovery learning berbantuan LKPD terstruktur terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa SMA Negeri 30 Jakarta.
Yusuf al-Qardhawi’s View on Religious Extremism
Authors: Purwanigtyas Dhita Ayomi , Hasanah Zahra Uswah 
Published: September 2024

Indonesia is a country with complex religious diversity issues. This is evidenced by the persistence of inter-religious conflicts caused by religious extremism. From within Muslims, this problem has become a discussion of scholars. Therefore, this study analyses Yusuf Al-Qaradhawi's concept of religious extremism to map the scattered extremist groups and avoid mistakes in assessing a group. Yusuf Al-Qaradawi stated that extremism is an excessive attitude toward religion that can destroy religious communities because it causes error. In this study, the researcher used a philosophical approach, and the method used was a descriptive-analytical method to analyze Yusuf Al-Qaradawi's thoughts regarding the problem of extremism in his work "Al-Shahwah Al-Islāmiyyah Baina Al-Juḥud wa Al-Tatharruf. The results of this study found that according to Al-Qaradawi, extremism has several factors and characteristics. In this case, Al-Qaradawi also put forward the concept of "Wasathiyyah" in Islam to overcome the extremism problem, which proves the essence of Islamic teachings that bring peace and respect differences between people.
Pengaruh puasa ramadhan terhadap kadar lipid pada masyarakat hiperlipidemia di Denpasar Utara
Authors: Putri Dhiancinantyan Windydaca Brata , Meliani Ni Putu Mitha , Aman I Gusti Made , Maharianingsih Ni Made 
Published: September 2024

Puasa Ramadhan merupakan kegiatan menahan diri dari tidak makan dan minum dari terbitnya fajar hingga terbenamnya matahari. Saat berpuasa terjadi perubahan pola makan, waktu makan, dan asupan makanan. Hal tersebut dapat memperbaiki kadar profil lipid yang terganggu atau sering disebut dengan hiperlipidemia. Hiperlipidemia adalah kondisi medis yang ditandai dengan peningkatan salah satu atau lebih dari lipid plasma, termasuk trigliserida, kolesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) bersamaan dengan penurunan kadar high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Pengendalian Hiperlipidemia dapat dilakukan dengan berpuasa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh puasa Ramadhan terhadap kadar lipid masyarakat yang menderita Hiperlipidemia di Denpasar Utara. Desain penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pra experimental menggunakan model One Group Pretest-Posttest. Penelitian ini melakukan pemeriksaan kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida, LDL dan HDL sebelum puasa Ramadhan dan satu bulan setelah Puasa Ramadhan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan perubahan yang signifikan berupa penurunan pada kadar kolesterol total, Trigliserida dan LDL dengan nilai rerata berturut-turut sebagai berikut 203±25,983 mg/dl ke 194±25,074 mg/dl; 153,5± 43,308 mg/dl ke 108,5 ± 41,67 mg/dl; 132,5± 26,394 mg/dl ke 115,5± 24,789 mg/dl dengan signifikansi p-value 0,001. Serta terjadi peningkatan pada kadar HDL dengan nilai rerata 43,5 ± 12,046 mg/dl ke 57±12,359 mg/dl dengan signifikansi p-value 0,001. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa Puasa Ramadhan memberikan penurunan terhadap kadar kolesterol total, trigliserida dan LDL, serta peningkatan pada kadar HDL.
A green solvent system for templated sequential deposition of stable formamidinium lead triiodide for perovskite solar cells
Authors: Snaith Henry , Gallant Benjamin , Holzhey Philippe , Elmestekawy Karim , Ball James , Christoforo M. Greyson , Herz Laura M. , Choudhary Saqlain , Smith Joel , Caprioglio Pietro , Levine Igal , Kubicki Dominik , Sheader Alexandra , Yang Fengning , Toolan Daniel , Kilbride Rachel , Zaininger Karl-Augustin , Noel Nakita 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) offer an efficient, inexpensive alternative to current photovoltaic technologies, with the potential for manufacture via high-throughput coating methods. However, challenges for commercial-scale solution-processing of metal-halide perovskites include the use of harmful solvents, the expense of maintaining controlled atmospheric conditions, and the inherent instabilities of PSCs under operation. Here, we address these challenges by introducing a high volatility, low toxicity, biorenewable solvent system to fabricate a range of 2D perovskites, which we use as highly effective precursor phases for subsequent transformation to α-formamidinium lead triiodide (α-FAPbI3), fully processed under ambient conditions. PSCs utilising our α-FAPbI3 reproducibly show remarkable stability under illumination and elevated temperature (ISOS-L-2) and “damp heat” (ISOS-D-3) stressing, surpassing other state-of-the-art perovskite compositions. We determine that this enhancement is a consequence of the 2D precursor phase crystallisation route, which simultaneously avoids retention of residual low-volatility solvents (such as DMF and DMSO) and reduces the rate of degradation of FA+ in the material. Our findings highlight both the critical role of the initial crystallisation process in determining the operational stability of perovskite materials, and that neat FA+-based perovskites can be competitively stable despite the inherent metastability of the α-phase.
Ramsay hunt syndrome: A case report
Authors: sabouri Reza 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background:
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome (RSH) is a rare clinical condition characterized by herpes zoster oticus and ipslilateral facial nerve paralysis caused by reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus( VZV ) in the sensory root of geniculate ganglia. This syndrome must be distinguished from other causes of facial palsy such as Bell’s palsy, stroke, Lyme disease and malignancies.
Accurate dignosis and treatment in the first 72 hours of are crucial to improve the prognosis and to prevent later complications including postherpetic neuralgia and corneal damage.
Case Report:
A 72-year-old female without any past medical history was admitted to emergency center of Vali Asr Hospital in Zanjan with hearing loss, ererythematous papules on the right external ear, otalgia, vertigo and dysgeusia. One day after hospitalization, the patient developed unilateral right-sided facial palsy and crusted erythematous papules on the right external ear.
Conclusion:
Ramsay-Hunt syndrome is an uncommon peripheral neuropathy of the facial nerve caused by reactivation of VZV in the geniculate ganglion. Most cases occur in immunocompromised and elderly. Pharmacological interventions can reduce recovery time and prevent complications. Specialists are not unanimous on the choice of medication, dosage and the duration of therapy, thus more research is warranted.
Integrated Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomics to Explore the Mechanism of Compound Dihuang Granule (CDG) Protects Dopaminergic Neurons by Regulating the Nrf2/HMOX1 Pathway in the 6-OHDA/MPP+ -Induced Model of Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Sun Xue , Yang Shuai , He Zhuqing , Wang Li , He Jiancheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative neurological disease that worsens over time. Ferroptosis has been proven to contribute to PD pathogenesis. CDG exhibits neuroprotective effects. However, CDG's potential mechanism in PD therapy remains uncertain.
Purpose: The purpose of this investigation is to ascertain the specific molecular mechanisms of CDG against neuronal ferroptosis and present an alternative option for PD management.
Methods: Network pharmacology along with LC-MS were used to identify possible targets and candidate pathways. Then RNA-sequencing combined in vitro and in vivo experiments were utilized to validate these findings.
Results: According to network pharmacology prediction, NFE2L2, HMOX1, PTGS2 may be the key genes for ferroptosis in PD. In vivo experiments, CDG improved the neurobehavior of PD rats, alleviated the damage of dopamine neurons, decreased the levels of MDA, ROS and Fe2+, increased the GSH level, and inhibited ferroptosis by decreasing ACSL4, TF, and PTGS2 expression levels, increased the GPX4, FTH, Nrf2, and HMOX1 levels. RNA-seq analysis showed the differential genes in Model and CDG group were all enriched in Nrf2 and HMOX1, and the enrichment analysis of these differential genes showed they were closely related to the ferroptosis. Subsequently, in vitro experiments, the CDG, OE-Nrf2 and OE-HMOX1 group showed more active cell vitality, decreased MDA, ROS, Fe2+, ACSL4, TF, PTGS2 levels, and increased GSH, GPX4, FTH, Nrf2, HMOX1 levels.
Conclusion: CDG has a neuroprotective involvement in alleviating ferroptosis by regulating the Nrf2/HMOX1 pathway. Moreover, this research offers pharmacological evidence supporting the applications of CDG for treating PD.
Attitude of patients with liver cancer toward clinical drug trials: Empirical Qualitative Research
Authors: Lu Wen , Li Juan , Gu Shanzhi , Li Jinhua 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Aims
To explore the attitude of patients with liver cancer toward clinical drug trials and promote the development of clinical drug trials in patients with liver cancer.
Design:
Qualitative study
Methods
In this study conducted in a tertiary hospital, we conducted in-depth interviews in 19 patients with liver cancer, including those who were: 1. diagnosed with primary liver cancer according to the “Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer (2022 Edition)”; 2. without cognitive or language impairment and were able to express their thoughts; and 3. willing to participate in the study and provided written informed consent. We excluded those with serious physical diseases or other malignant tumors and mental disorders. The attitudes of patients with liver cancer toward clinical drug trials were evaluated along with the awareness of clinical drug trials and factors affecting their participation in order to promote the development of clinical drug trials for this population.
Results
We summarized the attitude of patients to clinical drug trials into two themes. The first involved differences in patients' awareness of clinical drug trials, which comprised lack of awareness, doubts and worries, blind trust in authoritative sources, and rational participation. The second highlighted factors influencing participation in clinical drug trials, which included: 1. positive factors such as a doctor’s recommendation, expectations, peer effect, economic burden, desire to contribute to medical research, and family support, and 2. negative factors consisting of the side effects of drugs, drug safety, and problems guaranteeing patients’ rights and interests.
Conclusion
There were differences in the attitudes of liver cancer patients toward clinical drug trials.
Implications for the Profession and Patient Care:
Researchers should improve the awareness of liver cancer patients with regard to clinical drug trials and understand the factors that affect their participation.
Patient or public contribution
: The patients had no contributions in the design or conduct of the study, analysis or interpretation of the data, or in the preparation of the manuscript
Hydraulic conductivity of Horizontal Layered Porous Media: An Experimental and simulation study
Authors: Kafi Mohammad , Alam Javed , Muzzammil Mohd. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

The hydraulic conductivity of layered porous media has been a cause of concern to the hydraulic engineers to investigate the recharge of confined aquifers. In earlier studies conducted on two layered soils, subjected to flow parallel to bedding plane, permeabilities calculated based on Darcy's approach were observed to be deviating as compared to their experimentally observed values. In the present study the work has been extended to three and four layered soils. The study shows that when fine grained soils are overlain with relatively coarse grained soils, the observed hydraulic conductivity values of the layered porous media are found to be less than their theoretical values calculated based on their individual hydraulic conductivities. Whereas when the order of layers is reversed, the observed hydraulic conductivity values of the layered porous media show a rising trend as compared to their theoretical values calculated based on their individual hydraulic conductivities. The values of hydraulic conductivity of layered porous media have also been determined using the CFD software FLUENT 14.0. The deviation between observed and theoretical values was found to range from 18.9 to 48.9 percent whereas, the deviation between observed and simulated values was found within the percentage range of 16.9 to 48.1.
Executive dysfunction is associated with altered hippocampal-prefrontal functional connectivity in male 3xTg Alzheimer’s model mice
Authors: Gigg John , Cunliffe Grace , Tan Li Yang , Jung Sangyong , Turner Jonathan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Executive function depends on connectivity between the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). How abnormalities in this pathway lead to cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) have yet to be elucidated. Here, male 3xTg AD mice at 6-months displayed maladaptive decision-making in the rodent 4-Choice Gambling Task measure of executive function. Extracellular field recordings in the infralimbic cortex at this age showed layer-specific reductions in response amplitude and paired-pulse ratio following activation of hippocampal input fibres, indicating changes to short-term hippocampal-prefrontal synaptic plasticity. Bulk RNA sequencing of the mPFC in 6-month-old mice identified differential gene expression changes associated with calcium ion transport, glutamatergic, GABAergic, and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Seven of these genes (Gpm6b, Slc38a5, Ccr5, Kcnj10, Ddah1, Gad1, Slc17a8) were also differentially expressed in 3-month mice. These results reveal a pre-clinical deficit in executive function correlating with synaptic plasticity and gene expression changes in the mPFC of male 3xTg mice.
Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the Cambridge Friendship Questionnaire in patients with schizophrenia
Authors: Shahrbabaki Mahin Eslami , Farsangi Habibeh Ahmadipour , Jahanbakhsh Farzaneh , Fallahpourbami Fatemeh 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
The Cambridge Friendship Questionnaire (FQ) was used to evaluate the extent to which participants enjoy close relationships and value interacting with friends. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the FQ in patients with schizophrenia.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 175 patients with schizophrenia who were selected from Shahid Beheshti Hospital and Golestan Salamat Center, Kerman. Data were collected via the Persian version of the FQ and the Relationships with Friends and Peers Questionnaire. The Persian FQ was evaluated for construct and content and criterion validity, internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha), and test-retest reliability. The data were analyzed via SPSS version 26 and Lisrel version 8.8 software.
Results
The Persian version of the FQ exhibited acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.649). There was a direct and significant correlation between the average scores of the two Cambridge friendship questionnaires and the scores of the relationships with friends and peers questionnaire (P = 0.028, r = 0.310). None of the goodness of fit indices were within the acceptance range, indicating that the construct validity of the single-factor model of the Persian version of the Cambridge Friendship Questionnaire was not confirmed.
Conclusion
The Persian translation of the FQ score demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties, in terms of reliability and concurrent validity but its construct validity needs to be investigated in other populations of patients with schizophrenia.
Predictive role of three hematological inflammatory markers for all-cause mortality and CVD mortality in US individuals with obstructive sleep apnea symptom: A population-based study from the NHANES
Authors: Liao Huai , Hu Jingdi , Tang Songwen 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between three haematological inflammatory markers – the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) – and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in individuals with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms. In this longitudinal study, data from the 2005-2008 and 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were collected. During a median follow-up of 96.33 months, 808 cases of all-cause mortality and 180 cardiovascular-related deaths were documented within the cohort of 7,621 participants with OSA symptoms. The results of the weighted Cox proportional hazard models indicated that both the NLR and the SII were significantly associated with an increased risk of both all-cause mortality and CVD mortality. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the superior prognostic value of the NLR for 1-year, 3-year and 5-year all-cause mortality. Stratified analyses further revealed significant interactions between the NLR and diabetes and smoking status. Our results suggest that the NLR and the SII were independently associated with all-cause and CVD mortality in patients with OSA symptoms. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte had the strongest prognostic value for mortality in this population.