bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient One‐Pot Synthesis of New Fused Pyridines and Bis‐pyridines Catalyzed by Triazine Diphosphonium Hydrogen Sulfate Ionic Liquid Supported on Functionalized Nano‐Silica.
Authors: Rahmani Fahime , Mohammadpoor‐Baltork Iraj , Khosropour Ahmad R. , Moghadam Majid , Tangestaninejad Shahram , Mirkhani Valiollah 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel, facile, and highly efficient methodology for the synthesis of fused pyridines via a one‐pot three‐component reaction of aldehydes, kojic acid (I) and uracil (III) or pyrazole (VI) in the presence of a functionalized nano silica catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: A Comparative Investigation: Group 9 Cp*M(III)‐Catalyzed Formal [4 + 2] Cycloaddition as an Atom‐Economic Approach to Quinazolines.
Authors: Wang Xiaoming , Lerchen Andreas , Glorius Frank 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe cobalt catalyst exhibits excellent efficiency and selectivity in the novel formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition of arenes with a free imine unit and dioxazolones to quinazoline derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Pyridophenoxazinones, a Class of Antiproliferative Compounds.
Authors: De Nisco Mauro , Bolognese Adele , Sala Marina , Pedatella Silvana , Manfra Michele 
Published: August 2016

AbstractOptimized microwave procedures are developed for the cyclocondensation of quinoline‐5,8‐dione (I) with ortho‐aminophenols (II) to give pyridophenoxazines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Allylic Borylation of Tertiary Allylic Alcohols: A Divergent and Straightforward Access to Allylic Boronates.
Authors: Harada Kohei , Nogami Marina , Hirano Keiichi , Kurauchi Daisuke , Kato Hisano , Miyamoto Kazunori , Saito Tatsuo , Uchiyama Masanobu 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel access to allylic boronates is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Identification of Two New Phosphorylated Polyketides from a Brazilian Streptomyces sp. Through the Use of LC‐SPE/NMR
Authors: Scherrer Thomasi Sergio , Ladeira Cecilia , Ferreira Douglas , da Fontoura Sprenger Ricardo , Colli Badino Alberto , Gilberto Ferreira Antonio , Venancio Tiago 
Published: August 2016

AbstractTwo new polyketide phosphate monoesters, phosdiecin A (I) and phosdiecin B (II), are isolated from a culture of the marine Streptomyces sp.
ChemInform Abstract: Self‐Monitoring of Tear Glucose: The Development of a Tear Based Glucose Sensor as an Alternative to Self‐Monitoring of Blood Glucose
Authors: La Belle Jeffrey T. , Adams Anngela , Lin Chi‐En , Engelschall Erica , Pratt Breanna , Cook Curtiss B. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractReview: 43 refs.
Immunoproteasome β5i‐Selective Dipeptidomimetic Inhibitors
Authors: Singh Pradeep K. , Fan Hao , Jiang Xiuju , Shi Lei , Nathan Carl F. , Lin Gang 
Published: August 2016

AbstractN,C‐capped dipeptides belong to a class of noncovalent proteasome inhibitors. Herein we report that the insertion of a β‐amino acid into N,C‐capped dipeptides markedly decreases their inhibitory potency against human constitutive proteasome β5c, while maintaining potent inhibitory activity against human immunoproteasome β5i, thereby achieving thousands‐fold selectivity for β5i over β5c. Structure–activity relationship studies revealed that β5c does not tolerate the β‐amino acid based dipeptidomimetics as does β5i. In vitro, one such compound was found to inhibit human T cell proliferation. Compounds of this class may have potential as therapeutics for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases with less mechanism‐based cytotoxicity than agents that also inhibit the constitutive proteasome.
Membrane‐associated guanylate kinase scaffolds organize a horizontal cell synaptic complex restricted to invaginating contacts with photoreceptors
Authors: Vila Alejandro , Whitaker Christopher M. , O'Brien John 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTSynaptic processes and plasticity of synapses are mediated by large suites of proteins. In most cases, many of these proteins are tethered together by synaptic scaffold proteins. Scaffold proteins have a large number and typically a variety of protein interaction domains that allow many different proteins to be assembled into functional complexes. Because each scaffold protein has a different set of protein interaction domains and a unique set of interacting partners, the presence of synaptic scaffolds can provide insight into the molecular mechanisms that regulate synaptic processes. In studies of rabbit retina, we found SAP102 and Chapsyn110 selectively localized in the tips of B‐type horizontal cell processes, where they contact cone and rod photoreceptors. We further identified some known SAP102 binding partners, kainate receptor GluR6/7 and inward rectifier potassium channel Kir2.1, closely associated with SAP102 in photoreceptor invaginations. The kainate receptor occupies a position distinct from that of the majority of AMPA receptors that dominate the horizontal cell postsynaptic response. GluR6/7 and Kir2.1 presumably are involved in synaptic processes that govern cell‐to‐cell communication and could both contribute in different ways to synaptic currents that mediate feedback signaling. Notably, we failed to find evidence for the presence of Cx57 or Cx59 that might be involved in ephaptic feedback signaling in this complex. The presence of SAP102 and its binding partners in both cone and rod invaginating synapses suggests that whatever mechanism is supported by this protein complex is present in both types of photoreceptors. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:850–867, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The pretectal connectome in lamprey
Authors: Capantini Lorenza , von Twickel Arndt , Robertson Brita , Grillner Sten 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTIn vertebrates, the pretectum and optic tectum (superior colliculus in mammals) are visuomotor areas that process sensory information and shape motor responses. Whereas the tectum has been investigated in great detail, the pretectum has received far less attention. The present study provides a detailed analysis of the connectivity and neuronal properties of lamprey pretectal cells. The pretectum can be subdivided roughly into three areas based on cellular location and projection pattern: superficial, central, and periventricular. Three different types of pretectal cells could be distinguished based on neuronal firing patterns. One type, the rapid spike‐inactivation cells, preferentially lie within the periventricular zone; the other cell types are distributed more generally. In terms of afferentation, the pretectum receives electro‐ and mechanoreceptive inputs in addition to retinal input. Histological data reveal that a large number of pretectal cells in the superficial and central areas extend dendrites into the optic tract, suggesting a predominant retinal influence even outside of the normal retinal terminal areas. The pretectum receives inhibitory input from the basal ganglia, and input from the pallium (cortex in mammals) and torus semicircularis. In addition, the pretectum is reciprocally connected with the thalamus, tectum, octavolateral area, and habenula. The main pretectal output is to the reticulospinal nuclei, and thus the pretectum indirectly affects the control of movement. Efference copies of some of this output are relayed to the thalamus and tectum. Overall, its extensive circuitry—especially the reciprocal connectivity with other retinorecipient areas—underlines the importance of the pretectum for sensory integration and visuomotor functions. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:753–772, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Late postnatal shifts of parvalbumin and nitric oxide synthase expression within the GABAergic and glutamatergic phenotypes of inferior colliculus neurons
Authors: Fujimoto Hisataka , Konno Kotaro , Watanabe Masahiko , Jinno Shozo 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe inferior colliculus (IC) is partitioned into three subdivisions: the dorsal and lateral cortices (DC and LC) and the central nucleus (ICC), and serves as an integration center of auditory information. Recent studies indicate that a certain population of IC neurons may represent the non‐GABAergic phenotype, while they express well‐established cortical/hippocampal GABAergic neuron markers. In this study we used the optical disector to investigate the phenotype of IC neurons expressing parvalbumin (PV) and/or nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in C57BL/6J mice during the late postnatal period. Four major types of IC neurons were defined by the presence (+) or absence (–) of PV, NOS, and glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67): PV+/NOS−/GAD67+, PV+/NOS+/GAD67+, PV+/NOS−/GAD67−, and PV−/NOS+/GAD67−. Fluorescent in situ hybridization for vesicular glutamate transporter 2 mRNA indicated that almost all GAD67− IC neurons represented the glutamatergic phenotype. The numerical densities (NDs) of total GAD67+ IC neurons remained unchanged in all subdivisions. The NDs of PV+/NOS−/GAD67+ neurons and PV−/NOS+/GAD67− neurons were reduced with age in the ICC, while they remained unchanged in the DC and LC. By contrast, the NDs of PV+/NOS+/GAD67+ neurons and PV+/NOS−/GAD67− neurons were increased with age in the ICC, although there were no changes in the DC and LC. The cell body size of GAD67+ IC neurons did not vary according to the expression of PV with or without NOS. The present findings indicate that the expression of PV and NOS may shift with age within the GABAergic and glutamatergic phenotypes of IC neurons during the late postnatal period. J. Comp. Neurol. 525:868–884, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Self‐Assembly of “Chalcone” Type Push‐Pull Dye Molecules into Organic Single Crystalline Microribbons and Rigid Microrods for Vis/NIR Range Photonic Cavity Applications
Authors: Vattikunta Radhika , Venkatakrishnarao Dasari , Mohiddon Mahamad Ahamad , Chandrasekar Rajadurai 
Published: August 2016

AbstractA novel supramolecular fluorescent donor–acceptor type dye molecule, (2E,4E)‐1‐(2‐hydroxyphenyl)‐5‐(pyren‐1‐yl)penta‐2,4‐dien‐1‐one (HPPD) self‐assembles in a mixture of ethanol/chloroform through intermolecular π–π stacking (distance ca. 3.384 Å) to form J‐aggregated single‐crystalline microribbons displaying Fabry–Pèrot (F‐P) type visible‐range optical resonance. The corresponding borondifluoride dye (HPPD‐BF), with a reduced HOMO–LUMO gap, self‐assembles into crystalline microrods acting as an F‐P type resonator in the near‐infrared (NIR) range.
Selectivity Control in the Tandem Aromatization of Bio‐Based Furanics Catalyzed by Solid Acids and Palladium
Authors: Genuino Homer C. , Thiyagarajan Shanmugam , van der Waal Jan C. , de Jong Ed , van Haveren Jacco , van Es Daan S. , Weckhuysen Bert M. , Bruijnincx Pieter C. A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractBio‐based furanics can be aromatized efficiently by sequential Diels–Alder (DA) addition and hydrogenation steps followed by tandem catalytic aromatization. With a combination of zeolite H‐Y and Pd/C, the hydrogenated DA adduct of 2‐methylfuran and maleic anhydride can thus be aromatized in the liquid phase and, to a certain extent, decarboxylated to give high yields of the aromatic products 3‐methylphthalic anhydride and o‐ and m‐toluic acid. Here, it is shown that a variation in the acidity and textural properties of the solid acid as well as bifunctionality offers a handle on selectivity toward aromatic products. The zeolite component was found to dominate selectivity. Indeed, a linear correlation is found between 3‐methylphthalic anhydride yield and the product of (strong acid/total acidity) and mesopore volume of H‐Y, highlighting the need for balanced catalyst acidity and porosity. The efficient coupling of the dehydration and dehydrogenation steps by varying the zeolite‐to‐Pd/C ratio allowed the competitive decarboxylation reaction to be effectively suppressed, which led to an improved 3‐methylphthalic anhydride/total aromatics selectivity ratio of 80 % (89 % total aromatics yield). The incorporation of Pd nanoparticles in close proximity to the acid sites in bifunctional Pd/H‐Y catalysts also afforded a flexible means to control aromatic products selectivity, as further demonstrated in the aromatization of hydrogenated DA adducts from other diene/dienophile combinations.
An offset cancellation technique of complementary input pair buffers for continuous time applications
Authors: Mountrichas L. , Siskos S. 
Published: August 2016

SummaryThis letter describes an offset cancellation technique for rail‐to‐rail complementary input pair operational amplifiers in unity gain loop configuration that overcomes the variable offset and minimizes distortion. The simulated buffer exhibits up to 40 dB increase in spurious‐free dynamic range and up to 30 dB increase in signal‐to‐noise and distortion ratio. When used to buffer a continuous time modulator, the performance matches that of chopping. Measurement results verify the technique, illustrating effective offset cancellation regardless of the input signal level. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A supervised learning framework for pancreatic islet segmentation with multi‐scale color‐texture features and rolling guidance filters
Authors: Huang Yue , Liu Chi , Eisses John F. , Husain Sohail Z. , Rohde Gustavo K. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractIslet cell quantification and function is important for developing novel therapeutic interventions for diabetes. Existing methods of pancreatic islet segmentation in histopathological images depend strongly on cell/nuclei detection, and thus are limited due to a wide variance in the appearance of pancreatic islets. In this paper, we propose a supervised learning pipeline to segment pancreatic islets in histopathological images, which does not require cell detection. The proposed framework firstly partitions images into superpixels, and then extracts multi‐scale color‐texture features from each superpixel and processes these features using rolling guidance filters, in order to simultaneously reduce inter‐class ambiguity and intra‐class variation. Finally, a linear support vector machine (SVM) is trained and applied to segment the testing images. A total of 23 hematoxylin‐and‐eosin‐stained histopathological images with pancreatic islets are used for verifying the framework. With an average accuracy of 95%, training time of 20 min and testing time of 1 min per image, the proposed framework outperforms existing approaches with better segmentation performance and lower computational cost. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Sorting of chromosomes on FACSAriaTM SORP for the preparation of painting probes
Authors: Jia Yu‐Yan , Wu Hou‐Nan , Fang Liang , Liu Yun , Cheng Li , Liu Guang , Zhang Mei‐Li , Huang Yue 
Published: August 2016

AbstractHigh purity chromosome sorting can be performed on instruments such as MoFlo MLS and BD influx, which are stream‐in‐air sorters equipped with water‐cooled high power lasers. The FACSAria is a true fixed alignment, low laser powered instrument with a quartz flow cell gel‐coupled to the collection optics. However, whether high purity mouse and human chromosomes can be obtained by sorting on the BD FACSAriaTM Special Order Research Product (FACSAria SORP) remains to be determined. Here, we report that the high resolution flow karyotype of mouse lymphocytes and normal male human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs) can be obtained on the FACSAria SORP using laser power settings of 50 mW for 355 nm and 20 mW for 444 nm excitation. Furthermore, the use of Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) confirmed that chromosome paints prepared from the sorted chromosomes demonstrated high purity and signal specificity. Notably, human chromosome 12 was separated from the chromosome 9–12 cluster in the flow karyotype, and its identity was confirmed using FISH in trisomy 12 human ES cell lines B2‐C7 and B2‐B8. In addition, multicolor FISH (mFISH) with human chromosome painting probes to 13,18, 21, and sex chromosomes X and Y showed high signal specificity in hPBMCs. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that high resolution flow karyotype can be obtained using FACSAria SORP. Moreover, a FISH analysis confirmed high purity of the sorted chromosomes. Additionally, in contrast to centromeric satellite probes, chromosome painting probes with high specificity are more suitable for detection of chromosome aberrations, such as deletions and translocations, in prenatal diagnosis. © 2016 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry
Climate change and the eco‐hydrology of fire: Will area burned increase in a warming western USA?
Authors: McKenzie Donald , Littell Jeremy S. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWildfire area is predicted to increase with global warming. Empirical statistical models and process‐based simulations agree almost universally. The key relationship for this unanimity, observed at multiple spatial and temporal scales, is between drought and fire. Predictive models often focus on ecosystems in which this relationship appears to be particularly strong, such as mesic and arid forests and shrublands with substantial biomass such as chaparral. We examine the drought–fire relationship, specifically the correlations between water‐balance deficit and annual area burned, across the full gradient of deficit in the western USA, from temperate rainforest to desert. In the middle of this gradient, conditional on vegetation (fuels), correlations are strong, but outside this range the equivalence hotter and drier equals more fire either breaks down or is contingent on other factors such as previous‐year climate. This suggests that the regional drought–fire dynamic will not be stationary in future climate, nor will other more complex contingencies associated with the variation in fire extent. Predictions of future wildfire area therefore need to consider not only vegetation changes, as some dynamic vegetation models now do, but also potential changes in the drought–fire dynamic that will ensue in a warming climate.
Calcium carbonate deposition drives nutrient cycling in a calcareous headwater stream
Authors: Corman Jessica R. , Moody Eric K. , Elser James J. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractCalcium carbonate (CaCO3) deposition is common in aquatic ecosystems and may reduce phosphorus availability via coprecipitation of phosphate, an impact with broad implications for ecosystem processes. To determine if CaCO3 deposition in streams increases phosphorus (P) retention in minerals while reducing P availability to organisms, we studied paired streams (with and without active CaCO3 deposition) subjected to experimental shading and monitored changes in ecosystem attributes (e.g., periphyton biomass content, nutrient spiraling, periphyton nutrient limitation, and leaf litter decomposition). Shading reduced rates of CaCO3 deposition by over 50%, suggesting that a substantial proportion of CaCO3 deposition is supported by photosynthetically induced changes in alkalinity. Shading‐induced reductions in CaCO3 deposition led to increases in epilithon biomass P content (P < 0.05) and periphyton growth (F2,12 = 5.79, P < 0.05). Reductions in CaCO3 deposition also relieved P limitation of periphyton growth (F3,16 = 59.32, P < 0.001), extended P uptake lengths at least an order of magnitude, and reduced both P mass transfer velocity and areal uptake rates by over 80% (F2,3 = 22.62, P < 0.05 and F2,3 = 13.19, P < 0.05, respectively). Finally, while shading caused reductions in leaf litter decomposition in the non‐CaCO3 depositing stream (F5,7 = 22.45, P < 0.001), shading had no effect on leaf litter decomposition in the stream with active CaCO3 deposition. These results indicate that CaCO3 deposition can regulate P bioavailability and retention in streams and may drive streams to be P limited, as has been suggested in lake and wetland ecosystems.
Changing forests—changing streams: riparian forest stand development and ecosystem function in temperate headwaters
Authors: Warren Dana R. , Keeton William S. , Kiffney Peter M. , Kaylor Matthew J. , Bechtold Heather A. , Magee John 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLight availability influences temperature, primary production, nutrient dynamics, and secondary production in aquatic ecosystems. In forested freshwater ecosystems, shading by streamside (riparian) vegetation is a dominant control on light flux and represents an important interaction at the aquatic–terrestrial interface. Changes in forest structure over time, particularly tree mortality processes that gradually increase light penetration through maturing forest canopies, are likely to influence stream light fluxes and associated ecosystem functions. We provide a set of conceptual models describing how stream light dynamics change with the development of complex canopy structure and how changes in light availability are likely to affect stream ecosystem processes. Shortly after a stand‐replacing event, light flux to the stream is high, but light fluxes decline as canopies reestablish and close. Tree density, the degree of understory growth, patterns of tree mortality, and small‐scale disturbances interact as drivers of multiple pathways of forest structural development. Changes in canopy structure will, in turn, influence stream light, which is expected to impact primary production and stream nutrient dynamics as well as the amount of autochthonous carbon supporting aquatic food webs. Ultimately, these conceptual models stress the importance of recovery from historic forest disturbances as well as future forest change as important factors influencing the long‐term trajectories of ecosystem processes in headwaters.
Characteristics of lesser prairie‐chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) long‐distance movements across their distribution
Authors: Earl Julia E. , Fuhlendorf Samuel D. , Haukos David , Tanner Ashley M. , Elmore Dwayne , Carleton Scott A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractLong‐distance movements are important adaptive behaviors that contribute to population, community, and ecosystem connectivity. However, researchers have a poor understanding of the characteristics of long‐distance movements for most species. Here, we examined long‐distance movements for the lesser prairie‐chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), a species of conservation concern. We addressed the following questions: (1) At what distances could populations be connected? (2) What are the characteristics and probability of dispersal movements? (3) Do lesser prairie‐chickens display exploratory and round‐trip movements? (4) Do the characteristics of long‐distance movements vary by site? Movements were examined from populations using satelliteGPStransmitters across the entire distribution of the species in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado. Dispersal movements were recorded up to 71 km net displacement, much farther than hitherto recorded. These distances suggest that there may be greater potential connectivity among populations than previously thought. Dispersal movements were displayed primarily by females and had a northerly directional bias. Dispersal probabilities ranged from 0.08 to 0.43 movements per year for both sexes combined, although these movements averaged only 16 km net displacement. Lesser prairie‐chickens displayed both exploratory foray loops and round‐trip movements. Half of round‐trip movements appeared seasonal, suggesting a partial migration in some populations. None of the long‐distance movements varied by study site. Data presented here will be important in parameterizing models assessing population viability and informing conservation planning, although further work is needed to identify landscape features that may reduce connectivity among populations.