bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Elkanah Billings: The Lawyer Who Revealed the Ancient Life of the Past
Authors: Minicucci Jeffrey M. 
Published: October 2016

Elkanah Billings is an important, historical example of a 19th century Ontario lawyer who made a contribution to Canadian life by engaging in a pursuit outside the practice of law. An accomplished autodidact (i.e. a self-taught expert) and renowned as the father of Canadian paleontology, Billings has the distinction of being claimed by the global paleontological and geological professional communities, and by the Ontario legal profession. Although some researchers have alleged that Billings had abused alcohol during his life, he nonetheless managed to establish a remarkable career as a paleontologist. He applied the researching, analytical, and argumentative skills that he had acquired during his years of training and practice as a lawyer to the science of paleontology enabling him to peel back the layers of time to reveal the ancient life of the past. In view of his strengths, weaknesses, and professional accomplishments, the example of Billings’ history potentially becomes increasingly relevant in the effort to reinforce the importance of ethics and professional responsibility among earth science and evolutionary biology professionals and to promote a shared sense of professional community and heritage. The example of Billings’ history also presents a golden opportunity for the synthesist to nurture a closer connection between the law and science in the form of interdisciplinary or multidisciplinary dialogue and collaboration.RÉSUMÉElkanah Billings est un important exemple historique d’un avocat Ontarienne du XIXe siècle qui a apporté une contribution à la vie Canadienne en se livrant à une poursuite en dehors de la pratique du droit. Autodidacte accompli et reconnu comme le père de la paléontologie canadienne, Billings a la paricularité d’être revendiqué par les communautés professionnelles paléontologiques et géologiques mondiales, et par la profession juridique de l’Ontario. Bien que certains chercheurs ont affirmé que Billings avait abusé de l’alcool au cours de sa vie, il a réussi néanmoins à établir une carrière remarquable en tant que paléontologue. Il a appliqué la recherche, d’analyse, et les compétences argumentatives qu’il avait acquises au cours de ses années de formation et de pratique comme avocat à la science de la paléontologie qui lui permet de décoller les couches de temps pour révéler l’ancienne vie du passé. Compte tenu de ses points forts, les faiblesses et les réalisations professionnelles, l’exemple de l’histoire Billings devient potentiellement plus pertinent dans les efforts visant à renforcer l’importance de l’éthique et de la responsabilité professionnelle des sciences de la terre et les professionnels de la biologie de l’évolution et de promouvoir un sens partagé de la communauté professionnelle et le patrimoine. L’exemple de l’histoire Billings présente également une occasion en or pour le synthésiste d’entretenir un lien plus étroit entre la loi et la science sous la forme de dialogue et de collaboration interdisciplinaire ou multidisciplinaire.
Short- and Long-Run Business Conditions and Expected Returns
Authors: Liu Qi , Tao Libin , Wu Weixing , Yu Jianfeng 
Published: October 2016

Numerous studies argue that the market risk premium is associated with expected economic conditions and show that proxies for expected business conditions indeed predict aggregate market returns. By directly estimating short- and long-run expected economic growth, we show that short-run expected economic growth is negatively related to future returns, whereas long-run expected economic growth is positively related to aggregate market returns. In addition, our findings indicate that the risk premium has both high- and low-frequency fluctuations and highlight the importance of distinguishing short- and long-run economic growth in macro-asset pricing models. This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
C-Type Natriuretic Peptides in Coronary Disease
Authors: Prickett Timothy C R , Doughty Robert N , Troughton Richard W , Frampton Chris M , Whalley Gillian A , Ellis Chris J , Espiner Eric A , Richards A Mark 
Published: October 2016

Abstract

AIMS
C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) is a paracrine growth factor expressed in the vascular endothelium. Although upregulated in atheromatous arteries, the predictive value of plasma CNP products for outcome in coronary disease is unknown. This study aimed to compare the prognostic value of plasma CNP products with those of other natriuretic peptides in individuals with coronary artery disease, and investigate their associations with cardiac and renal function.

METHODS AND RESULTS
Plasma concentrations of CNP and amino-terminal proCNP (NT-proCNP) were measured at baseline in 2129 individuals after an index acute coronary syndrome admission and related to cardiac and renal function, other natriuretic peptides [atrial NP (ANP) and B-type NP (BNP)] and prognosis (primary end point, mortality; secondary end point, cardiac readmission). Median follow-up was 4 years. At baseline, and in contrast to CNP, ANP, and BNP, plasma NT-proCNP was higher in males and weakly related to cardiac function but strongly correlated to plasma creatinine. All NPs were univariately associated with mortality. Resampling at 4 and 12 months in survivors showed stable concentrations of NT-proCNP whereas all other peptides declined. When studied by diagnosis (myocardial infarction, unstable angina) at index admission using a multivariate model, NT-proBNP predicted mortality and readmission in myocardial infarction. In unstable angina, only NT-proCNP predicted both mortality and cardiac readmission.

CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to the close association of NT-proBNP with cardiac function, and predictive value for outcome after myocardial infarction, plasma NT-proCNP is highly correlated with renal function and is an independent predictor of mortality and cardiac readmission in individuals with unstable angina.
Ground state solutions for Kirchhoff-type equations with a general nonlinearity in the critical growth
Authors: Xu Li-Ping , Chen Haibo 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we concern ourselves with the following Kirchhoff-type equations:

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\left\{\begin{aligned} \displaystyle-\biggl{(}a+b\int_{\mathbb{R}^{3}}\lvert%
\nabla u\rvert^{2}\,dx\biggr{)}\triangle u+Vu&\displaystyle=f(u)\quad\text{in %
}\mathbb{R}^{3},\\
\displaystyle u&\displaystyle\in H^{1}(\mathbb{R}^{3}),\end{aligned}\right.

where a, b and V are positive constants and f has critical growth. We use variational methods to prove the existence of ground state solutions. In particular, we do not use the classical Ambrosetti–Rabinowitz condition. Some recent results are extended.
Supercuspidal representations and preservation principle of theta correspondence
Authors: Pan Shu-Yen 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The preservation principle of the local theta correspondence predicts
the existence of a chain of irreducible supercuspidal representations
of p-adic classical groups.
In this paper, we give an explicit characterization of the chain starting
from an irreducible supercuspidal representations of a unitary group
of one variable or an orthogonal group of two variables.
In particular,
we define the Lusztig-like correspondence of generic cuspidal data for p-adic groups and
establish its relation with local theta correspondence of supercuspidal representations
for p-adic dual pairs.
Some conceptual and grammatical properties of body part metonymies in English and Bosnian
Authors: Imamović Adisa , Ibrišimović Anela Mulahmetović 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe paper deals with metonymies having body parts as source domains in English and Bosnian. According to Cognitive Linguistics standpoint, human cognition is based on bodily functioning. Therefore, we started from the hypothesis that most body part metonymies are very similar across languages and cultures, and share similar properties. The aim of the paper was threefold: first, to examine whether metonymies with body parts as source domains have common grammatical and conceptual properties in English, secondly to examine whether they share the same properties in Bosnian, and thirdly to compare the two languages in this respect. We analysed body part metonymies in terms of some grammatical properties such as the use of singular and plural, specific and generic reference, grammatical recategorisation from count to mass nouns, noun-to-verb conversion, and some conceptual properties such as source-in-target vs. target-in-source metonymies, metonymic chains and combination of metaphor and metonymy. Many common features were found both within the respective languages under consideration and in cross-linguistic analysis. The minor differences found in contrasting the data from the two languages are mainly the result of differences in grammatical systems.
Communities of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city, Ukraine
Authors: Blinkova Olena , Ivanenko Oleksandra 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Selected forestry parameters were investigated in the system of tree vegetation and wood-destroying fungi in parks of the Kyiv city along a gradient of recreational transformation. We investigated vitality, age structure and health conditions of woody plants (Acer platanoides L., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Carpinus betulus L., Frangula alnus Mill., Pinus sylvestris L., Quercus robur L., Q. rubra L., Sambucus nigra L., Tilia cordata Mill.), and species, systematic, trophic and spatial compositions of xylotrophic fungi (27 species of xylotrophs representing 22 genera, 16 families, 6 orders of divisions Basidiomycota; class Agaricomycetes). The results showed that the communities of tree vegetation and xylotrophic fungi in parks depend on the degree of recreational transformation of the environment. Vitality, age structure and health conditions of trees altered species composition of xylotrophs.
The Consumption Ratios for Aggregates to Concrete in Single-Family Houses
Authors: Machniak Łukasz 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Natural aggregates are widely used both in ribbon and volumetric construction. In respect of quantitative demand, ribbon construction has been definitely much more receptive in recent years. After completion of implementation of large infrastructural investments, co-financed by EU funds, volumetric construction will become one of major directions of sale of aggregates. Due to a lack of accurate information about consumption of aggregates in this construction segment, it is important to estimate the unit consumption ratios in different types of volumetric structures.
The thesis presents the statistical image of demand for aggregates depending on selected features of single-family buildings. The basis assumed for determining unit consumption of aggregates is the amount of concrete juxtaposed in design documentations and average content of aggregates in concrete mix. Consumption of aggregates has been defined in respect of such features of a building as: building area, total area, usable area, volume. Also, consumption was assessed depending on structural solutions of ceilings and major architectonic features: the number of storeys above ground and underground. The conducted analyses imply that consumption of aggregates varies according to not only the size of a house under construction, but also the architectural-constructional type of the building.
In most cases, the consumption of aggregates to concrete correlates most favourably with the volume of the buildings. The average value of the aggregates consumption ratio is 0.21 Mg per 1 m3 of building volume, with the standard error of the mean equalling 0.003. As regards particular building types, the obtained mean values have a have a lower coefficient of variation, and similar values standard error, especially for the index calculated relative to the usable area. Therefore, it is justified to use these ratios interchangeably.
It is possible to prepare regional demand scenarios for aggregates, especially gravel-sand aggregates which are the primary type used to produce concrete, using statistics of the residential construction market, including detached single-family construction, which have been kept for years, supplemented with the identified aggregate consumption ratios.
Mitochondrial carriers in inflammation induced by bacterial endotoxin and cytokines
Authors: Iacobazzi Vito , Infantino Vittoria , Castegna Alessandra , Menga Alessio , Palmieri Erika Mariana , Convertini Paolo , Palmieri Ferdinando 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Significant metabolic changes occur in the shift from resting to activated cellular status in inflammation. Thus, changes in expression of a large number of genes and extensive metabolic reprogramming gives rise to acquisition of new functions (e.g. production of cytokines, intermediates for biosynthesis, lipid mediators, PGE, ROS and NO). In this context, mitochondrial carriers, which catalyse the transport of solute across mitochondrial membrane, change their expression to transport mitochondrially produced molecules, among which citrate and succinate, to be used as intracellular signalling molecules in inflammation. This review summarises the mitochondrial carriers studied so far that are, directly or indirectly, involved in inflammation.
GIS-based delineation of local climate zones: The case of medium-sized Central European cities
Authors: Geletič Jan , Lehnert Michal 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Stewart and Oke (2012) recently proposed the concept of Local Climate Zones (LCZ) to describe the siting of urban meteorological stations and to improve the presentation of results amongst researchers. There is now a concerted effort, however, within the field of urban climate studies to map the LCZs across entire cities, providing a means to compare the internal structure of urban areas in a standardised way and to enable the comparison of cities. We designed a new GIS-based LCZ mapping method for Central European cities and compiled LCZ maps for three selected medium-sized Central European cities: Brno, Hradec Králové, and Olomouc (Czech Republic). The method is based on measurable physical properties and a clearly defined decision-making algorithm. Our analysis shows that the decision-making algorithm for defining the percentage coverage for individual LCZs showed good agreement (in 79–89% of cases) with areas defined on the basis of expert knowledge. When the distribution of LCZs on the basis of our method and the method of Bechtel and Daneke (2012) was compared, the results were broadly similar; however, considerable differences occurred for LCZs 3, 5, 10, D, and E. It seems that Central European cities show a typical spatial pattern of LCZ distribution but that rural settlements in the region also regularly form areas of built-type LCZ classes. The delineation and description of the spatial distribution of LCZs is an important step towards the study of urban climates in a regional setting.
The effects of river patterns on riparian vegetation: A comparison of anabranching and single-thread incised channels
Authors: Škarpich Václav , Horáček Matěj , Galia Tomáš , Kapustová Veronika , Šala Vladimír 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Riparian vegetation reflects the current conditions and the dynamics of streams. The floodplain vegetation along the watercourse of the Morávka River was subject to study in this project. In some reaches, the river has the natural character of an anabranching gravel-bed stream; in contrast, other Morávka R. reaches are incised into the bedrock. These cases were used to assess potential changes in vegetation conditions as evidence of negative processes taking place in the gravel-bed streams of the Beskydy Mts. The results demonstrate a higher biodiversity in the floodplain along the anabranching river channel. In contrast, the floodplain along the incised river channel shows low biodiversity values. Redundancy analysis was used to determine the relationships between plant species composition, distance from the main channel and relative elevation from the mean water level of the main channel. In addition, the results show a higher degree of change in plant species composition on the floodplain along the incised river channel. The analysis of floodplain groundwater fluctuations shows a decreasing trend in the annual maximum groundwater level.
Deregulation of Electricity Market and Drivers of Demand for Electrical Energy in Industry
Authors: Bojnec Štefan , Papler Drago 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
This paper investigates deregulation of electricity market focusing on electricity prices and drivers of demand for electrical energy in industry in Slovenia. The patterns in evolution of real electricity price developments and the three main components of the electricity price are calculated: liberalized market share for purchased electricity price, regulated infrastructure share for use of electricity network grids and mandatory state charges in the sale of electricity (duty, excise duty and value-added tax). To calculate the real value of electricity prices, producer price index of industrial commodities for electricity prices in industry is used as deflator and implicit deflator of gross domestic product for the size of the economy. In the empirical econometric part is used regression analysis for the amount electricity consumption in the industry depending on the real gross domestic product, direct and cross-price elasticity for natural gas prices in the industry. The results confirmed volatility in real electricity price developments with their increasing tendency and the increasing share of different taxes and state charges in the electricity prices for industry. Demand for electrical energy in industry is positively associated with gross domestic product and price of natural gas as substitute for electrical energy in industry use, and negatively associated with prices of electrical energy for industry.
A Framework for Assessing the Social and Economic Impact of Sustainable Investments
Authors: Räikkönen Minna , Kunttu Susanna , Uusitalo Teuvo , Takala Josu , Shakeel Shah Rukh , Tilabi Sara , Forss Teppo , Koivunen Juha 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Investments towards sustainable development are vital for the future and they must be carefully planned to deliver immediate and long-term benefits. Hence, the ability to communicate the forms of impact of sustainable investments to local societies, people, investors and other stakeholders can provide a competitive advantage. However, the assessments are often under pressure to demonstrate short-term effects rather than emphasise the long-term impact. In addition, indirect and intangible forms of impacts should not be measured solely in economic terms. This paper proposes an assessment framework to support the integrated economic and social impact assessment of sustainable investments aimed at improving physical and socio-economic wellbeing. The framework is demonstrated in two case studies: new construction and renovation investments in affordable housing and social impact investment in sustainable development. The investments in the case studies are evaluated, selected and prioritized not only in terms of money but also with regard to sustainability, social acceptability and their overall impact on society, as a whole. The results indicate that a systematic integrated assessment of monetary and non-monetary factors can be successfully combined with the sustainable development decisions.
Management Changes in MRO Business through Product Lifecycle
Authors: Sivusuo Jaakko , Takala Josu 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Nowadays organizations and entire industries have faced the challenges of globalization and rapid technological development. These changes have brought new kind of competition and it has shaped and mixed organizations traditional business logic. This research is based on multiple case studies where the focus is on management changes through product lifecycle management. Emphasis is on MRO (Maintenance, repair, overhaul) providers and how they implement dynamic capabilities through product life cycle management. MRO is abbreviation for Maintenance, repair and overhaul and it is a commonly used in Aerospace industry. The study identifies several products in various stages of the life-cycle and thus identify the essential changes related to management. The stages that study identifies are Learning phase, Productisation phase and PBL phase. These phases can be used for clarifying dynamic capabilities in MRO markets.
Connection Between Similarity and Estimation Results of Property Values Obtained by Statistical Methods
Authors: Zyga Jacek 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The article discusses the topic of the application range of statistical methods in estimating property value on the grounds of a comparative approach. The analysis of application effects to estimate the unitary value of properties, respectively similar and dissimilar sets of market properties, by using the method of least squares and a linear price model. The prepared test set was developed from a priori assumed explanatory variable values as well as deterministically specified dependent variables (simulated prices) which were subjected to additional modification by a random factor. On the basis of the prepared set and series of accounting experiments, the estimation effects of any property out of a tested set were analyzed, understood as the determination of the value of the function of explanatory variables in the way of extrapolation or interpolation of values describing these variables. The experiments carried out show that the estimation of an explanatory variable for a random property out of a set of elements serving as the estimation base can be reliable only when it is related to the interpolation in the set of explanatory variables of this base. The application as an estimation base – a set in relation to which explanatory variables of the estimated property exceed the limits of corresponding variables, requires the completion of a basic set with records describing properties similar or close to the estimated property so that the values of explanatory variables for the estimated property are contained in the appropriate subsections of values of corresponding explanatory variables of the basic set.
The paper refers to the issue of defining property market value indicating, by the prism of conducted experiments, that the estimation results obtained by means of statistical methods do not always meet the requirements of the statutory definition of market value, and hear rather in the direction of a result corresponding to the so-called “desk appraisal” result.