bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The co-existence of recreational and artisanal fisheries in the central parts of the Danube and Sava rivers
Authors: Treer Tomislav , Kubatov István 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The official data on recreational and artisanal fisheries in Croatia and Hungary were analysed. The data from Croatia relates to the entire Croatian section of the Danube River and to the section of the Sava River along the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina. The data from Hungary covers 60 km of the Danube River north of the Croatian border. Absolute catches in kilograms, as well as CPUE (kg per fisherman per year) by both groups in all three river sections varied from year to year without dramatic changes. Fishing with nets, artisanal fishermen differ from the anglers in two major ways: they are less selective and they catch bigger specimens. According to the official data, the existing ratio between recreational and artisanal fishermen in these three river sections does not negatively affect each other’s or overall fishing. Therefore, a conclusion can be drawn that medium-intensive artisanal fisheries qualify to co-exist with recreational fisheries.
Length-weight relationships and condition factors of the three dominant species of marine fishes caught by traditional beach trawl in Ulelhee Bay, Banda Aceh City, Indonesia
Authors: Muchlisin Zainal A. , Fransiska Vera , Muhammadar Abdullah A. , Fauzi Muhammad , Batubara Agung S. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe objective of the present study was to examine the length-weight relationships and condition factors of snapperLutjanus russellii, ponyfishAurigequula fasciataand white-spotted spinefootSiganus canaliculatusharvested from Ulelhee Bay, Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. These species are the predominant fishes caught by traditional beach trawl in Ulelhee Bay, Banda Aceh City, Indonesia. The sampling was conducted for three months from April to June 2015 at one-week interval. A total of 900 fish samples (300 individuals for each species) were measured for the total length and body weight. The length-weight relationships were calculated using Linear Allometric Model (LAM), while the relative weights (Wr) and Fulton’s condition (K) factors were calculated to assess the condition of the fish samples. The results showed that thebvalue of 3.04 in snapper indicates isometric growth pattern, while ponyfish and white-spotted spinefoot fish had the b values of 1.41 and 1.75, respectively, and these species display an allometric growth pattern. The average Fulton’s condition factor (K) of snapper was 3.01 for male and 2.49 for female; female ponyfish has the K value of 2.92 and 2.92 for male. In addition, the average K value of white-spotted spinefoot was 2.61 and 2.59 for female and male, respectively. The relative weight condition factor ranges from 58.73 to 166.09 for snapper, from 70.55 to 129.65 for ponyfish, and from 71.63 to 133.53 for white-spotted spinefoot. In general, the relative weight condition factors tendedto be 100. It is concluded that snapper has isometric growth pattern, while ponyfish and white-spotted spinefoot display the negative allometric growth pattern. The condition factors are in excellent condition and indicate a balance of prey and predator.
Morphometric Variations Between Triploid and DiploidClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822)
Authors: Normala Jalil , Mohd Azizul Alim , Abol Munafi Ambok Bolong , Nur Asma Ariffin , Khor Waiho , Okomoda T. Victor , Shahreza Md Sheriff 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSeveral scientific methods have been described in the identification of triploid fish. However, many of these methods are not applicable for routine management purposes due to their complexity and cost. In this study, the possibility of using morphological variation as a least cost and less complex method of distinguishing triploid and diploid African catfishClarias gariepinus(Burchell, 1822) was examined. Triploid catfish were produced by cold shock of fertilized eggs in 5°C for 20 mins (at approximately 3 mins after fertilization). The fish were incubated, hatched and raised for 3 months. Ploidy levels of the fish were then ascertained by observing the erythrocyte shape. Triploid erythrocyte was ellipsoidal in shape while diploid was round. Morphological characterization was then carried out on 100 samples each of triploid and diploid African catfish. Although significant differences were observed in many parameters, the principal morphometric difference between triploid and diploid African catfish could not be clearly distinguished. It was therefore concluded that morphological characteristics is not ideal for discriminating triploids and diploids of African catfish. The used of erythrocyte characteristics still remains the cheapest and relatively effective method for triploid and diploid determination in African catfish.
The Anatomy of the New French Law of Contract
Authors: Helleringer Genevieve 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSince their enactment in 1804 as part of the French civil Code, the provisions relating to contract law had, until recently, remained almost untouched. That is not to say that the law of contract had not altered, but rather that the text of the Code was no longer an accurate reflection of the actual state of the law as interpreted by the courts. An extensively restructured and modernized version came into force on 1st October 2016. In an attempt to map the new French law of contract, this paper first seeks to evaluate the robustness of the guiding principles set out in the Code. By analysing how these principles are applied to the formation, interpretation and enforcement of contracts, the paper concludes that freedom of contract and good faith emerge strengthened by the reforms, while the binding force of contract has become more qualified. The paper also highlights the existence of less obvious but important trends relating to the parties’ behaviour and to the role of the judge. It demonstrates how unilateralism, anticipation, and equity are implicit core ideas lying behind many of the new rules.
Reform of Contract Law and Business World
Authors: Mekki Mustapha 
Published: December 2017

AbstractWith the reform of contract law, will economic players be able to continue to do good business? If the economic environment did not see the reform of the law of obligations as a reform of first urgency, the new law resulting from the ordinance of 10 February 2016 finds a fair balance which should satisfy most economic actors. Admittedly, like any reform, the Ordinance creates new risks: new powers of the judge, multiplication of legal standards, the scope of contractual freedom ... It is then up to the parties, to whom the law assigns more power, to identify its risks and to manage them appropriately by drawing up customized contractual clauses. The success of the reform thus depends on its good reception and its development by practice.
The Reform of the French Civil Code at a Distance: an International and Comparative Perspective
Authors: Watt Horatia Muir 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAn outlyer’s view of this very interesting reform raises several issues from an international and comparative perspective. One may be the link established here between form and substance, of particular relevance in contract law; another could be the reach and scope of the new provisions as intended by the drafters, given their aim to capture new forms of contracting; and a third questions the method used to integrate foreign and European developments, with a view to widen the horizons of the reform.
Reversibilität von Paarformeln und Binomialen: Methodologische Aspekte
Authors: Kelih Emmerich 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the paper two statistical methods are presented for the analysis of the reversibility of the component order in binomials (conjoined expressions, freezes). Based on the frequency of binomials, occurring in variable component order, a binomial test and an asymptotic test is applied to give statistical evidence of the significance of the reversibility. By the means of these two tests in a sample of Slovene binomials the group of conditionally irreversible binomials is obtained.
Asiatische Sprachen im deutschen Sprachdenken des Barock und der Aufklärung
Authors: Roelcke Thorsten 
Published: December 2017

AbstractAs transition from the Early Modern Age to the Modern Age, the 17th and the 18th centuries are seen as historic period with tremendous relevance for the historical development of the German language – from a social and culture-historical perspective. The often transfiguring interest in different regions of Asia, as well as Arabic or Chinese regions, is seen as special phenomenon of this age. The present article aims to analyse the result of this in the German linguistic reflection of baroque and enlightenment. After outlining some supporting documents of Asian languages in general, especially supporting documents of Arabic and Chinese will be analysed in detail. The research focusses here on word usage, genealogy and typology, linguistic characteristics, as well as comparison and evaluation.
Predicting Elite Triathlon Performance: A Comparison of Multiple Regressions and Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Hoffmann M. , Moeller T. , Seidel I. , Stein T. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Two different computational approaches were used to predict Olympic distance triathlon race time of German male elite triathletes. Anthropometric measurements and two treadmill running tests to collect physiological variables were repeatedly conducted on eleven male elite triathletes between 2008 and 2012. After race time normalization, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), as a mathematical preselection method, followed by multiple linear regression (MLR) and dominance paired comparison (DPC), as a preselection method considering professional expertise, followed by nonlinear artificial neural network (ANN) were conducted to predict overall race time. Both computational approaches yielded two prediction models. MLR provided R² = 0.41 in case of anthropometric variables (predictive: pelvis width and shoulder width) and R² = 0.67 in case of physiological variables (predictive: maximum respiratory rate, running pace at 3-mmol·L-1 blood lactate and maximum blood lactate). ANNs using the five most important variables after DPC yielded R² = 0.43 in case of anthropometric variables and R² = 0.86 in case of physiological variables. The advantage of ANNs over MLRs was the possibility to take non-linear relationships into account. Overall, race time of male elite triathletes could be well predicted without interfering with individual training programs and season calendars.
Potenzial der Visualisierungen für mediengestütztes Grammatiklernen
Authors: Zeyer Tamara 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Lernenden stehen immer mehr unterschiedliche Möglichkeiten zur Verfügung, Fremdsprachen mit digitalen Lernprogrammen selbständig zu lernen. Dabei geht es nicht nur um das Üben grammatischer Themen sondern auch darum, sie zu entdecken. Ziel des vorliegenden Beitrags ist, einen Überblick über visuelle Komponenten eines interaktiven Lernprogramms zur Grammatik für Anfänger zu verschaffen, sowie die Potenziale und Grenzen der Visualisierungen für die induktive Grammatikvermittlung zu diskutieren.
40 Jahre Deutscher Herbst – Gerhard Richters Oktober-Bilder im DaF-Unterricht
Authors: Lay Tristan 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit den Gemäldezyklus 18. Oktober 1977, den Gerhard Richter zwischen März und November 1988 malte, der aus fünfzehn Bildern besteht. Unter Beachtung ihrer eigenen Ästhetik wird die Malerei in den Mittelpunkt einer interdisziplinär angesiedelten Landeskunde gerückt. Im Rahmen eines fächerübergreifenden Unterrichts wird für eine gezielte Auseinandersetzung mit den Ereignissen des Deutschen Herbst im DaF-Unterricht plädiert. Der hier behandelte Oktober-Zyklus gehört zum Kanon der Gegenwartskunst; die Bilder besitzen auf Grund ihrer thematischen Aktualität (40 Jahre Deutscher Herbst, 1977–2017), maltechnischen und formativen Besonderheiten sowie kommunikativen Offenheit einerseits das Potenzial, anhand handlungsorientierter Aufgabenstellungen authentische sprachliche Äußerungen im Unterricht zu motivieren. Andererseits knüpfen sie aus lernökonomischer Sicht an vorhandene Wissensbestände der Lernenden und bieten ferner einen anspruchsvollen Zugang zum ästhetischen Lernen im kulturwissenschaftlich ausgerichteten Landeskundeunterricht.
Cultural Hybridity in the USA exemplified by Tex-Mex cuisine
Authors: Martynuska Małgorzata 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe article concerns the hybrid phenomenon of Tex-Mex cuisine which evolved in the U.S.-Mexico borderland. The history of the U.S.-Mexican border area makes it one of the world’s great culinary regions where different migrations have created an area of rich cultural exchange between Native Americans and Spanish, and then Mexicans and Anglos. The term ‘Tex-Mex’ was previously used to describe anything that was half-Texan and half-Mexican and implied a long-term family presence within the current boundaries of Texas. Nowadays, the term designates the Texan variety of something Mexican; it can apply to music, fashion, language or cuisine. Tex-Mex foods are Americanised versions of Mexican cuisine describing a spicy combination of Spanish, Mexican and Native American cuisines that are mixed together and adapted to American tastes. Tex-Mex cuisine is an example of Mexicanidad that has entered American culture and is continually evolving.
Race, Femininity and Food: Femininity and the Racialization of Health and Dieting
Authors: Igenoza Mary 
Published: December 2017

Abstract‘Femininity as Portrayed within Western Society’ is a research study that explored the ways in which femininity, what Moi (1989) defined as a set of cultural attributes assigned to the female sex, is racialized within western culture. To uncover black and white women’s racialized perceptions of femininity a total of 42 women, 22 black and 20 white women were interviewed for this research. This paper will highlight the ways in which the discipline of diet is practised within the homes of white and black women in their endeavours reflect and perform femininity. With the white respondents, the message that is communicated within their homes, through the everyday practice of their mother’s eating, was that dieting was perceived and learnt as the ‘normal’ way to eat. Within the homes of the black respondents, however, food, rather than being something that was restricted, was about sociability, something to be shared out and enjoyed.
The Imitation Game: Interstate Alliances and the Failure of Theban Hegemony in Greece
Authors: Cross Nicholas D. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractSoon after their victory over the Spartans at the Battle of Leuctra in 371 BCE, the Thebans asserted their claim to Panhellenic leadership, but that hegemonic experiment turned out to be a brief affair in classical Greek history. It is the purpose of this paper to explain this failure by comparing the Theban approach to interstate relations with that of the earlier and more successful Athenian and Spartan models. The first section reexamines those hegemonic precedents and their supporting alliances (συμμαχίαι) which served both military and social functions. The next section looks closely at the attempt of the Thebans, under the leadership of Epaminondas and Pelopidas, to extend their own political and military power through the construction of seven alliances or groups of alliances from 370 to 364 BCE. Although the Thebans’ alliance treaties were designed according to conventional principles and provisions, their alliance network proved incapable of sustaining their Panhellenic aspirations. The final section seeks out answers to why the Thebans failed where others had previously succeeded. Whereas modern scholarship points to institutional and structural deficiencies or personal hatreds, this paper adds a further reason: that the Thebans neglected to cultivate interpersonal ties with their new allies that could transcend the temporary objectives and inspire the parties to continue their relationship in the long term. Consequently, the alliances, and thus the whole Theban hegemonic experiment, collapsed within only a short time of their inception.
Athens, Thebes and Plataia and the end of the sixth century BCE
Authors: van Wijk Roy 
Published: December 2017

AbstractOne of the key events in the relations between the Athenians and Thebans was the Plataian decision to align themselves with the Athenians at the end of the sixth century BCE. This decision shook up the contemporary political landscape and proved to be a source of hostility between the two neighbouring polities throughout the fifth and fourth centuries. The orthodox view holds that the original alignment took place in 519 during the Peisistratid tyranny, based on the date given by Thucydides 3.68.5. This date, in the mind of some scholars, seems contradictory with the story of the Plataian alignment as given by Herodotus (6.108.1–6). This inconsistency resulted in a search for alternatives that fit the Herodotean narrative better. To accommodate this change, they relied on emendating the Thucydidean text, but there is no sign of corruption in this part. Emendation of a text is best avoided, although the controversy merits attention. Therefore, in this article it will be argued that the two narratives – the Thucydidean and the Herodotean – need to be separated. What follows is a renewed chronology of Plataian-Athenian relations. The orthodox date (519) was the date of an original Peisistratid-Plataian alliance that did not lead to hostilities with Thebes. Instead, it is in the context of the foundation of the Athenian democracy and the subsequent clashes with Thebes after 507/6 that the Herodotean narrative should be placed.
Two Buildings in the Samothracian Sanctuary of the Great Gods
Authors: Clinton Kevin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractTwo buildings in the Sanctuary of the Great Gods in Samothrace have elicited debate concerning their identification and functions. First, the Hall of Choral Dancers, currently named after its frieze of dancing women, formerly called Temenos on the assumption that it was not a roofed building, was revealed to be a substantial building by new excavation in 1993–1994. The present analysis supports and confirms the suggestion put forward by Austrian archeologists in 1880 that the building is the Anaktoron (Telesterion) mentioned by Hippolytus
Effect of mindfulness meditation on short-term weight loss and eating behaviors in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Spadaro Kathleen C. , Davis Kelliann K. , Sereika Susan M. , Gibbs Bethany B. , Jakicic John M. , Cohen Susan M. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract

Background
There is a significant health crisis with rates of obesity continuing to increase despite research and clinical standard behavioral weight loss programs (SBWP). Mindfulness meditation (MM), with demonstrated benefits on physical, psychological health, and self-regulation behaviors was explored with SBWP.

Methods
Forty-six adults (BMI=32.5±3.7 kg/m2; age=45.2±8.2 years, 87 % female, 21.7 % African American) were randomly assigned to a 6-month SBWP only (n=24) or SBWP+MM (n=22) at a university-based physical activity and weight management research center in a northeastern US city. Participants were instructed to decrease intake (1200–1500 kcal/day), increase physical activity (300 min/wk), and attend weekly SBWP or SBWP+MM sessions. SBWP+MM had the same SBWP lessons with addition of focused MM training. Outcome measures collected at 0, 3, and 6 months included: weight, Block Food Frequency Questionnaire, Eating Behavior Inventory, Eating Inventory and Paffenbarger Physical Activity Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using linear mixed modeling for efficacy analysis of weight (primary) and eating, exercise and mindfulness (secondary outcomes).

Results
Retention rate was 76.1 % (n=35). A significant group by time interaction (p=0.03) was found for weight, with weight loss favoring SBWP+MM (−6.9 kg+2.9) over SBWP (−4.1 kg+2.8). Eating behaviors (p=0.02) and dietary restraint (p=0.02) improved significantly in SBWP+MM, compared to SBWP. MM enhanced weight loss by 2.8 kg potentially through greater improvements in eating behaviors and dietary restraint.

Conclusions
These findings support further study into the use of MM strategies with overweight and obese adults. The use of this low-cost, portable strategy with standard behavioral interventions could improve weight management outcomes.
From Neophyte to Non-White: Moral Theology and Race Mixture in Colonial Brazil
Authors: Hill Ruth 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
The first global debate about racial admixture originated in the exegesis of papal privileges designed to aid Catholic converts in Spanish and Portuguese Asia, Africa, and the Americas. Later Scholastics contributed to the ontology of race by aligning religious status with origins, or blood, in ways that departed from raging controversies around Jewish and Muslim converts to Catholicism. Through recourse to seventeenth-century probabilism, these moral theologians and canonists debated the meaning of the term mestizos, a Spanish term that appeared alongside the Latin mixtim progeniti (“mixed offspring”) in marriage privileges granted to neophytes in colonial contexts. Were persons with 25% of non-European blood mestizos, or, instead, Europeans? Were mulattos, as mixtim progeniti, mestizos also? The mestizo conundrum, and the opinions and papal bulls that it generated, shaped legal constructions of whitening (Spanish blanqueamiento, Portuguese branqueamento) in colonial Latin America, and anticipated the moral and legal dilemmas of Brazil’s present-day affirmative-action program.
Japanese Christian Women through the Eyes of a Seventeenth Century Spanish Merchant
Authors: Santo Noemí Martín 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Bernardino de Ávila’s Relación del Reyno del Nippon is the only secular Spanish account of the martyrdoms of Nagasaki that took place between 1614 and 1619. Opening as a depiction of Japanese history and society, Ávila’s portrait of Japanese women develops from the admiration of physical beauty and marital qualities to the praise of female courage during the persecution of Christians. Whether narrating events he witnessed or copying and reinterpreting European missionaries’ texts or Japanese Christians’ reports, Ávila creates the idea of heroic wives and virgins who endure torture and martyrdom without apostatizing. As a layman, his interpretation of the events lacks the deep knowledge of learned churchmen, yet his narrative adds the point of view of a commoner who struggled to live and understand the failure of Christendom in kingdoms not ruled by Spain. The article analyzes the development of the representation of Japanese women in Ávila’s work and the influence of religious writing in his narrative.