bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic brain connectivity predicts impulse control disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease
Authors: Tessitore Alessandro , De Micco Rosa , Giordano Alfonso , di Nardo Federica , Caiazzo Giuseppina , Siciliano Mattia , De Stefano Manuela , Russo Antonio , Esposito Fabrizio , Tedeschi Gioacchino 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground: Impulse control disorders can be triggered by dopamine replacement therapies in patients with PD. Using resting‐state functional MRI, we investigated the intrinsic brain network connectivity at baseline in a cohort of drug‐naive PD patients who successively developed impulse control disorders over a 36‐month follow‐up period compared with patients who did not.Methods: Baseline 3‐Tesla MRI images of 30 drug‐naive PD patients and 20 matched healthy controls were analyzed. The impulse control disorders' presence and severity at follow‐up were assessed by the Questionnaire for Impulsive‐Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. Single‐subject and group‐level independent component analysis was used to investigate functional connectivity differences within the major resting‐state networks. We also compared internetwork connectivity between patients. Finally, a multivariate Cox regression model was used to investigate baseline predictors of impulse control disorder development.Results: At baseline, decreased connectivity in the default‐mode and right central executive networks and increased connectivity in the salience network were detected in PD patients with impulse control disorders at follow‐up compared with those without. Increased default‐mode/central executive internetwork connectivity was significantly associated with impulse control disorders development (P < 0.05).Conclusions: Our findings demonstrated that abnormal brain connectivity in the three large‐scale networks characterizes drug‐naive PD patients who will eventually develop impulse control disorders while on dopaminergic treatment. We hypothesize that these divergent cognitive and limbic network connectivity changes could represent a potential biomarker and an additional risk factor for the emergence of impulse control disorders. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Parkinsonism without dopamine neuron degeneration in aged l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia knockin mice
Authors: Rose Samuel J. , Harrast Porter , Donsante Christine , Fan Xueliang , Joers Valerie , Tansey Malú G. , Jinnah H.A. , Hess Ellen J. 
Published: September 2017

AbstractBackground: Recent neuroimaging studies implicate nigrostriatal degeneration as a critical factor in producing late‐onset parkinsonism in patients with l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia‐causing mutations. However, postmortem anatomical studies do not reveal neurodegeneration in l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia patients. These contrasting findings make it unclear how parkinsonism develops in l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia mutation carriers.Methods: We prospectively assessed motor dysfunction, responses to dopaminergic challenge, and dopamine neuron degeneration with aging in a validated knockin mouse model bearing a l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia‐causing mutation found in humans.Results: As l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia mice aged, dystonic movements waned while locomotor activity decreased and initiation of movements slowed. Despite the age‐related reduction in movement, there was no evidence for degeneration of midbrain dopamine neurons. Presynaptically mediated dopaminergic responses did not change with age in l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia mice, but responses to D1 dopamine receptor agonists decreased with age.Conclusions: We have demonstrated for the first time the co‐occurrence of dystonia and Parkinson's‐like features (mainly consisting of hypokinesia) in a genetic mouse model. In this model we show that these features evolve without dopaminergic neurodegeneration, suggesting that postsynaptic plasticity, rather than presynaptic degeneration, may contribute to the development of parkinsonism in patients with l‐dopa‐responsive dystonia. © 2017 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
The hottest July day on the railway network: insights and thoughts for the future
Authors: Ferranti Emma , Chapman Lee , Lee Susan , Jaroszweski David , Lowe Caroline , McCulloch Steve , Quinn Andrew 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTThe 1 July 2015 was the hottest July day on record (37.5 °C recorded at Heathrow Airport) in the United Kingdom (UK), and record‐breaking temperatures were recorded across England. This short‐duration heatwave (30 June–1 July 2015) affected railway services both directly, by causing asset failure or malfunction, and indirectly, by necessitating the use of emergency speed restrictions (ESRs) to reduce the likelihood of track buckling. Incidents caused by heat and lightning were recorded across the British railway network, and knock‐on delays affected rail travel in regions where extreme weather did not have a direct impact. Over both days there were more than 220 000 delay‐minutes. Many of these could not be attributed specifically to the weather, but 23 700 delay‐minutes were due to emergency speed restrictions (ESRs) as a preventative measure to reduce the likelihood of rail buckling, 12 800 to heat and 4000 to lightning incidents. All regions experienced more than twice the daily average delay‐minutes on one or both days, costing an estimated £16 million to the national economy. Incidents on critical routes (e.g. London North Eastern connecting London and Scotland) or near critical transport nodes such as Manchester Piccadilly caused the longest delays. Under future warmer climatic conditions, heatwaves and extreme temperatures are projected to occur more frequently and the railway operator has several measures to adapt or update existing infrastructure in order to reduce the impact of heat and lightning. Alternative solutions such as low‐cost sensors for real‐time condition monitoring or green infrastructure for increased asset resilience should also be considered.
Consumption of Whey in Combination with Dairy Medium‐Chain Fatty Acids (MCFAs) may Reduce Lipid Storage due to Urinary Loss of Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Intermediates and Increased Rates of MCFAs Oxidation
Authors: Amer Bashar , Clausen Morten Rahr , Bertram Hanne Christine , Bohl Mette , Nebel Caroline , Zheng Hong , Skov Thomas , Larsen Mette Krogh , Gregersen Søren , Hermansen Kjeld , Dalsgaard Trine Kastrup 
Published: September 2017

ScopeThe aim of the paper is to investigate whether changes in the metabolome could explain observed changes in body composition in overweight adults after consumption of butter with high level of medium‐chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in combination with casein or whey.Methods and resultsWith GC‐TOF and LC‐Q/MS, metabolites in plasma and urine from a 12‐week randomized double‐blinded human intervention including 52‐abdominally overweight adults were analyzed. The participants consumed 63 g per day of milk fat (high or low in MCFAs) and 60 g per day of protein (whey or casein). Urinary loss of the tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites and a concomitantly increase of glycerol in blood were observed in the whey + high‐MCFAs group, indicating potential lower anabolic processes, such as lipogenesis, by draining substrates. High intake of MCFAs resulted in elevated level of urinary adipic (independently of protein type) and plasma sebacic acid (with whey), indicating a potential increase in oxidation of MCFAs, which might lead to energy loss.ConclusionThe type of protein showed highest effect on the overall metabolic profiles, but ω‐oxidation of MCFAs in the liver seemed to be the main reason for the observed reduction in body fat mass after consumption of high MCFAs, independent of type of protein.
Numerical modeling of the elastoplastic damage behavior of dry and saturated concrete targets subjected to rigid projectile penetration
Authors: Bian Hanbing , Jia Yun , Pontiroli Christophe , Shao Jian‐Fu 
Published: September 2017

SummaryThe objective of the present paper is to present a numerical study on the penetration performance of concrete targets with 2 different water contents. Numerical analysis has been performed by using the finite element code Abaqus/Explicit, in which a coupled elastoplastic damage model has been developed for saturated/unsaturated concrete under a wide range of confining pressures. The performance of proposed model has been firstly verified by simulating the triaxial compression tests and penetration tests realized with saturated/dry concretes. Comparisons of available experimental results and numerical simulations show that the proposed model is able to reproduce satisfactorily the mechanical behavior of saturated and dry concretes. A higher failure stress and a more important pores closing are generally obtained in dry concrete samples with respect to saturated ones. Furthermore, the main observed patterns of penetration test realized with saturated concrete targets are also satisfactorily simulated by the numerical results. Therefore, the proposed model is used to numerically predict the penetration performance of dry concrete target, and the penetration performance of dry/saturated concrete target is discussed. We observe that in dry concrete target, the penetration of projectile is strongly declined, and a smaller damage zone is created. The numerical predictions and discussions can help engineers to enhance their understandings on the influence of hydraulic conditions on structural vulnerability of concrete structures subjected to near‐field detonations or impacts.
Pharmacovigilance Assessment of Immune‐Mediated Reactions Reported for Checkpoint Inhibitor Cancer Immunotherapies
Authors: Ali Ayad K. , Watson David E. 
Published: September 2017

Study ObjectiveIpilimumab, pembrolizumab, and nivolumab are checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) that activate T‐cell–mediated immune response. CPI can provide durable benefits to some cancer patients with melanoma, renal cell cancer, non–small cell lung cancer, or a growing list of other cancers. However, CPI treatment is also associated with adverse immune‐mediated reactions (IMRs) that can be life‐threatening. This pharmacovigilance analysis aims to characterize IMR signals in relation to CPI treatment.DesignRetrospective pharmacovigilance disproportionality analysis.Data SourceU.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).Measurements and Main ResultsAdverse event reports submitted to FAERS between 2011 and 2015 were analyzed. CPIs were identified by generic names, and IMRs were identified by MedDRA Preferred Terms. Empirical Bayes geometric means with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (EB05‐EB95) were calculated as CPI‐IMR association metrics. Signals were defined as metrics with EB05 ≥ 2.0. Overall, 1,018 IMR events were submitted for CPIs, corresponding to 76% for ipilimumab, 15% for nivolumab, and 9% for pembrolizumab. The period of data collection precluded data on the most recently approved CPI agents. IMRs consisted of 51% colitis, 16% endocrinopathies, 12% pneumonitis, 11% hepatitis, 4% infusion‐related reactions, 3% nephritis, and 3% other IMRs. Colitis contributed to 63% and 41% of IMRs for ipilimumab and nivolumab, respectively. Pneumonitis and hepatitis contributed to a majority of IMRs for pembrolizumab, for which nephritis and infusion‐related reactions were not reported. Signals of IMRs were detected for CPIs as a class (EB05 = 12.4) and individual agents: ipilimumab (EB05 = 13.2), nivolumab (EB05 = 15.0), and pembrolizumab (EB05 = 7.3). Colitis and pneumonitis had the strongest signals for CPIs (EB05 = 45.6 and EB05 = 17.6, respectively). Colitis was the strongest signal for ipilimumab (EB05 = 54.2), and pneumonitis was the strongest signal for nivolumab (EB05 = 48.0) and pembrolizumab (EB05 = 21.8).ConclusionCancer immunotherapy with CPIs is associated with a multitude of IMRs, especially colitis and pneumonitis. Individual CPIs had variable IMR signals, and pharmacoepidemiologic studies are required to evaluate the identified signals.
Fabrication of poly(vinyl alcohol)‐graphene quantum dots coated with poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) for supercapacitor
Authors: Syed Zainol Abidin Shariffah Nur Jannah , Mamat Shuhazlly , Abdul Rasyid Suraya , Zainal Zulkarnain , Sulaiman Yusran 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTConducting nanofiber composed of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was prepared for symmetrical supercapacitor through electrospinning and electropolymerization techniques. The formation of PVA nanofibers with the addition of GQDs was excellently prepared with the average diameter of 55.66 ± 27 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images revealed that cauliflower‐like structure of PEDOT was successfully coated on PVA‐GQD electrospun nanofibers. PVA‐GQD/PEDOT nanocomposite exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 291.86 F/g compared with PVA/PEDOT (220.73 F/g) and PEDOT (161.48 F/g). PVA‐GQD/PEDOT also demonstrated a high specific energy and specific power of 16.95 and 984.48 W/kg, respectively, at 2.0 A/g current density. PVA‐GQD/PEDOT exhibited the lowest resistance of charge transfer (Rct) and equivalent series resistance compared with PEDOT and PVA/PEDOT, indicating that the fast ion diffusion between the electrode and electrolyte interface. PVA‐GQD/PEDOT nanocomposite also showed an excellent stability with retention of 98% after 1000 cycles. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 50–58
Electrical and melt rheological characterization of PC and co‐continuous PC/SAN blends filled with CNTs: Relationship between melt‐mixing parameters, filler dispersion, and filler aspect ratio
Authors: Liebscher Marco , Domurath Jan , Krause Beate , Saphiannikova Marina , Heinrich Gert , Pötschke Petra 
Published: September 2017

ABSTRACTElectrical and melt rheological properties of melt‐mixed polycarbonate (PC) and co‐continuous PC/poly(styrene–acrylonitrile) (SAN) blends with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are investigated. Using two sets of mixing parameters, different states of filler dispersion are obtained. With increasing CNT dispersion, an increase in electrical resistivity near the percolation threshold of PC–CNT composites and (PC + CNT)/SAN blends is observed. This suggests that the higher mixing energies required for better dispersion also result in a more severe reduction of the CNT aspect ratio; this effect was proven by CNT length measurements. Melt rheological studies show higher reinforcing effects for composites with worse dispersion. The Eilers equation, describing the melt viscosity as function of filler content, was used to fit the data and to obtain information about an apparent aspect ratio change, which was in accordance with measured CNT length reduction. Such fitting could be also transferred to the blends and serves for a qualitatively based discussion. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2018, 56, 79–88
Pulmonary presentation of Kawasaki disease—A diagnostic challenge
Authors: Singh Surjit , Gupta Aman , Jindal Ankur Kumar , Gupta Anju , Suri Deepti , Rawat Amit , Vaidya Pankaj C. , Singh Meenu 
Published: September 2017

AbstractObjectivesKawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystemic vasculitis with predominant mucocutaneous manifestations. Pulmonary involvement in KD is distinctly uncommon and is not commonly recognized. We describe our experience of managing children with KD wherein the initial presentation was predominantly pulmonary.MethodsSix hundred and two children have been diagnosed with KD during the period January 1993 to May 2017 in the Allergy Immunology Unit, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh. Data were collected from inpatient records in Allergy Immunology Unit and follow‐up files in the Pediatric Rheumatology Clinic.ResultsOf 602 children, 11 (1.83%) had a predominant pulmonary presentation of KD. Mean age at diagnosis of KD was 2.5 years. Fever, cough and respiratory distress were the presenting complaints in all patients. First sign of KD was noted at a mean duration of 14.5 days from the onset of symptoms. Periungual desquamation was the most common clinical sign (72.7%). Persistent fever in spite of antimicrobials, thrombocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C‐reactive protein levels pointed toward a diagnosis of KD in our patients. Parenchymal consolidation was evident on chest X‐ray in all patients, pleural effusion in six, empyema in three, and pneumothorax in two patients. Coronary artery abnormalities were evident in three patients. Intravenous immunoglobulin was given after a mean period of 22.4 days of onset of fever.ConclusionsThe diagnosis of KD is often delayed in children who have a predominantly pulmonary presentation. This can have adverse clinical consequences.
Diversity, phylogeny and biogeography of the South American ‘cardiomyine’ rodents (Hystricognathi, Cavioidea) with a description of two new species
Authors: Pérez María E. , Deschamps Cecilia M. , Vucetich María G. 
Published: September 2017

Abstract‘Cardiomyine’ rodents are extinct large terrestrial Caviidae closely related to capybaras, that inhabited large parts of South America during the middle Miocene and Pliocene. They are mostly preserved as isolated teeth, but also as skull and jaw fragments. Here we revise the taxonomy of this group and describe two new species, each pertaining to one of the two main late Miocene groups, represented by the genera Caviodon and Cardiomys. This suggests that the diversity of ‘cardiomyines’ was higher than previously thought. Among the specimens studied there are two almost complete skulls; one from the Andalhuala Formation, Catamarca, and the other from the Arroyo Chasicó Formation, Buenos Aires. The first, housed in the Field Museum of Natural History, was originally catalogued as Cardiomys ameghinorum, a common species for the late Miocene of north‐western Argentina (NOA), but is here transferred to the genus Caviodon. This is the first mention of the genus for NOA, enlarging its geographical distribution for the late Miocene. The second skull, assigned to Cardiomys sp., is housed in the Museo de La Plata. Furthermore, from the revision of the holotypes of the species of Caviodon (C. multiplicatus, C. bravardi, C. (Lelongia) paranensis, C. angustidens and C. scalai from the Conglomerado osífero of the Ituzaingó Formation; late Miocene, Argentina) we propose their synonymy with the type species C. multiplicatus, decreasing the specific diversity in that locality. Finally, our phylogenetic analysis indicates that the species of ‘cardiomyines’ are paraphyletic, placing them in a basal position among the Hydrochoerinae.
Concept and performance testing of an aluminum alloy bamboo‐shaped energy dissipater
Authors: Wang Chun‐Lin , Liu Ye , Zhou Li , Zhou Guangren , Lu Zhitao 
Published: September 2017

SummaryEnergy dissipaters constructed in precast structures play an important fuse‐type role in concentrating damage and protecting the primary structure. The stable tensile and compressive deformation capacity, easier fabrication method, and relatively lower cost are expected in energy dissipater to further enrich its practical application. In this paper, a new bamboo‐shaped fuse‐type energy dissipater consisting of an inner bamboo‐shaped core with slubs and an outer circular tube was developed with high‐precision, all‐metal machining, avoiding the adverse effect of grouting and welding. The aluminum alloy was applied to fabricate the proposed energy dissipater to improve the durability. A series of tests, containing 12 specimens, was performed to address the low‐cycle fatigue behavior of bamboo‐shaped dissipaters, and stable hysteretic curves were obtained without any local and overall buckling. The deformation of the core was evidently affected by slubs, which were restrained by the outer tube. Furthermore, parametric studies on design variables including length of segments, the length of slubs, the number of segments, and the size of gap between the slub and the tube are performed. On the basis of test results of all specimens, aluminum alloy bamboo‐shaped dissipaters show a promising future for wide application in new or retrofitted buildings, which require excellent seismic behavior and durability.
Erratum zu: Veränderungen der Beeinträchtigungsschwere und Zielerreichung bei analytischer Psychotherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit externalisierender Symptomatik
Authors: Fiedler D. , Weitkamp K. , Romer G. , Wiegand-Grefe S. 
Published: September 2017

Erratum zu:

Psychotherapie Forum 2016

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00729-016-0071-x

Der Artikel „Veränderungen der Beeinträchtigungsschwere und Zielerreichung bei analytischer Psychotherapie bei Kindern und Jugendlichen mit externalisierender Symptomatik“, von D. Fiedler, K. Weitkamp, G. Romer, S. Wiegand-Grefe, wurde …
Selective Synthesis of Polyoxyethylene–Polyoxypropylene Block Copolymer (Poloxamer) Fatty Acid Monoesters Over Homogeneous Organotin Catalyst
Authors: Nowicki Janusz , Woch Julia , Mościpan Małgorzata , Robaszkiewicz Andrzej , Grabowski Rafał , Semeniuk Izabela , Erfurt Karol 
Published: September 2017

AbstractThe synthesis of selected polyoxyethylene–polyoxypropylene block copolymer (poloxamer) fatty acid monoesters is presented. Organotin homogeneous catalyst Sn bis(2‐ethylhexanoate) effectively catalyzed the esterification reaction of (EO)–(PO)–(EO) block copolymer (poloxamer) with fatty acids. The reaction proceeded in high yield and high selectivity to monoesters. Content of diesters in final products was below 1 wt%. The new protocol opened up a high yield and high selective method for the synthesis of poloxamer fatty acid monoesters. These products are potentially interesting for industrial applications, e.g. in lubricants, cosmetics and, in particular, as potential emulsifying agents compatible with hydrocarbon bases, such as paraffin.
Synthesis of Sulfur‐Based Biocompatible Nonionic Surfactants and Their Nano‐Vesicle Drug Delivery
Authors: Ali Imdad , Shah Muhammad Raza , Imran Muhammad , Shafiullah  
Published: September 2017

AbstractNonionic surfactants are capable of forming nano‐range vesicles upon self‐assembling in an aqueous medium. These vesicles are highly stable, low in toxicity, and cost‐effective. Owing to their ability to solubilize both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substances, they are of great interest for drug solubilization and delivery. This study describes the synthesis and characterization of two new nonionic surfactants and their screening for biocompatibility and drug loading potentials in nano‐scale niosomal vesicles. They were characterized through mass spectroscopy, 1HNMR, and FT‐IR. Their critical micelle concentration (CMC) was investigated using UV–vis spectrophotometry. The biocompatibility study was carried out through blood hemolysis and in vitro cytotoxicity assays. The surfactants have very low CMC values, are highly hemo‐compatible, and were nontoxic when tested against a cell culture. They were able to form nano‐range niosomal vesicles with large variation in their size. Both new surfactants were able to encapsulate increased amounts of the drug, in this case clarithromycin. The chemical nature of the drug remained intact in the niosomal vesicles. The results suggest that these nonionic surfactants could be promising drug delivery vehicles.