bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselectivity in Reactions of Metal Complexes. Part 11. 2,6‐Bis(pyrrolidin‐2‐yl)pyridine: Synthesis and Resolution of the meso and the Optically Active Isomers. Complex Formation with Copper(II) Ion in Aqueous Solution.
Authors: BERNAUER K. , GRETILLAT F. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compound (III) is synthesized as a mixture of its (R,S)‐, (R,R)‐ and (S,S)‐isomers.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium Catalysis in Allylic Alkylations and Rearrangements in Pyrimidines.
Authors: FALCK‐PEDERSEN M. L. , BENNECHE T. , UNDHEIM K. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe regiochemistry of the alkylation of 2‐pyrimidinones such as (I) with π‐allylpalladium complexes of the allylic acetates (II) usually depends on the substitution pattern in the allylic system.
ChemInform Abstract: Reactions of the Pyrrolidine Dienamine of Pummerer′s Ketone with Nitrosocarbonylmethane.
Authors: FREER A. A. , ISLAM M. A. , KIRBY G. W. , MAHAJAN M. P. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractNitrosocarbonylmethane, generated from acetohydroxamic acid (II) in situ, reacts with the pyrrolidine dienamine (I) to give the oxazine (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Electron Rich Olefins. Part 3. Formation of the First N,N′‐Persilylated 1,2‐Diaminoethene via a 1,2,3‐Triazoline(4)‐Intermediate with 8 Cyclically Conjugated π Electrons and 3 Neighboring N Electron Pairs.
Authors: BESSENBACHER C. , KAIM W. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractExhaustive reductive silylation of the silyltriazole (I) yields the new tetrasilylated E‐1,4‐diazabutene (IV) together with N(SiMe3)3.
ChemInform Abstract: Clay Montmorillonite‐Catalyzed Regioselective Addition of Silyl Ketene Acetals to Pyridine Derivatives: Synthesis of N‐Silyldihydropyridines.
Authors: ONAKA M. , OHNO R. , IZUMI Y. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe silyl enol ethers (I) are coupled with 3‐cyanopyridine (II) in the presence of aluminum(III) or iron(III) on montmorillonite to produce the 4‐substituted N‐silyldihydropyridines (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Isolation and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of a Phosphazene Anion.
Authors: MANNERS I. , COGGIO W. D. , MANG M. N. , PARVEZ M. , ALLCOCK H. R. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractAddition of three equiv. of the lithium hydridoborate (II) to the transannular ferrocenylphosphazene (I) in THF (III) results in H2 evolution and formation of the major product (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Structure of the Products from the Reaction of Phosphoryloxime Anions with Benzalaniline.
Authors: LIORBER B. G. , PAVLOV V. A. , KHAMATOVA Z. M. , MUSIN R. Z. , CHERNOVA A. V. , ZYABLIKOVA T. A. , IL'YASOV A. V. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe dianions, formed in situ by treatment of the α‐oximinophosphonates (I) with butyllithium, react with benzalaniline (II) to give the azaphospholenes (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Half‐Sandwich Cyclopentadienyl Complexes of Germanium, Tin, and Lead with Additional Metal Olefin Interactions.
Authors: KOHL F. X. , DICKBREDER R. , JUTZI P. , MUELLER G. + , HUBER B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title complexes (III) are obtained via the monosilylated (I).
ChemInform Abstract: Borohydride B‐H Activation and Dimerization by a Doubly Bonded, Early‐Transition‐Metal Organodimetallic Complex. Ditantalladiborane Syntheses as Models for Dehydrodimerization of Methane to Ethane.
Authors: TING C. , MESSERLE L. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe halide‐bridged ditantalum compounds (I) react with LiBH4 (II) to give the ditantalladiboranes (III) and (IV) according to the scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal Complexes of Alkylating Agents. Part 4. Complexes of Melphalan and Chlorambucil.
Authors: JOESTEN M. D. , KRASNEY E. L. , NEIDERT J. B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractComplexes (I)‐(V) of the title ligands are investigated in order to determine the influence of the 2‐chloroethylamine function on the coordinating ability of the amino acid or carboxylate.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Alkylruthenium Nitrosyl Complexes. Migratory Insertion to Coordinated Nitric Oxide and the Mechanism of the Conversion of the Resultant Nitrosoalkyl Compounds to Oximate, Carboxamide, and Cyano Compounds.
Authors: CHANG J. , SEIDLER M. D. , BERGMAN R. G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe alkyl nitrosyl complexes (Ia) and (Ib) are obtained from (Ic) by treatment with alkylating agents.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanism of the Metal Mediated Vinylic Cross Coupling Reactions. Part 1. Oxidative Addition: The Reaction of Vinyl Triflates with Zerovalent Platinum. Kinetics, Stereochemistry, and Molecular Structure.
Authors: STANG P. J. , KOWALSKI M. H. , SCHIAVELLI M. D. , LONGFORD D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe oxidative addition reaction of alkylvinyl triflates such as (I) with the Pt complex (II) and the complex Pt(PPh3)2(CH2=CH2) is investigated as a prototypical example of the first step of the Ni triad metal mediated vinylic cross coupling reactions.
ChemInform Abstract: 5,10:8,9‐Disecosteroids (= Steroklastanes): A New Type of Modified Steroids.
Authors: LORENC L. , BONDARENKO L. , PAVLOVIC V. , FUHRER H. , RIHS G. , KALVODA J. , MIHAILOVIC M. LJ. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThermolysis of the steroidal peroxides (I) generates the diseco compounds (II) as major products.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthetic Application of Electrochemically Produced α‐Methoxy Amides. Part 3. Anodic Methoxylation of Pyrrolidinol Derivatives. Enantioselective Synthesis of cis‐ and trans‐(3R)‐3‐Hydroxyprolines.
Authors: THANING M. , WISTRAND L.‐G. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title compounds (IX) and (X) are prepared starting from the L‐proline derivative (I).
ChemInform Abstract: (4 + 2) Cycloaddition Reaction of Dibenzyl Azodicarboxylate and Glycals.
Authors: LEBLANC Y. , FITZSIMMONS B. J. , SPRINGER J. P. , ROKACH J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe (4 + 2) cycloaddition between the furanoid glycal (I) and the azodicarboxylate (II) yields the adduct (III), whose X‐ray structure is determined (space group P21/n, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Preparation of Functionalized Hydroindol‐3‐ols via Tandem Aza‐Cope Rearrangement‐Mannich Cyclizations. Formal Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐6a‐Epipretazettine and Related Alkaloids.
Authors: OVERMAN L. E. , WILD H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe ethynylbenzene (I) is converted to the styrylcerium agent (V) via stannylation and transmetalation.
ChemInform Abstract: Microbial Hydroxylation of Steroids. Part 12. Hydroxylation of Testosterone and Related Steroids by Gnomonia fructicola ATCC 11430.
Authors: HOLLAND H. L. , BROWN F. M. , CHENCHAIAH P. C. , CHERNISHENKO M. J. , KHAN S. H. , RAO J. A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe title fungus hydroxylates testosterone (I) at C‐2β in 40‐60% yield.
ChemInform Abstract: 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18‐Octakis(β‐hydroxyethyl)porphyrin (Octaethanolporphyrin) and Its Liquid Crystalline Derivatives: Synthesis and Characterization.
Authors: GREGG B. A. , FOX M. A. , BARD A. J. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA synthesis is described for the hitherto unreported title compound (Va) and some of its octaalkyl derivatives such as (Vb).
ChemInform Abstract: Surface Characterization of Amorphous Alumina and Its Crystallization Products
Authors: ABBATTISTA F. , DELMASTRO S. , GOZZELINO G. , MAZZA D. , VALLINO M. , BUSCA G. , LORENZELLI V. , RAMIS G. 
Published: May 2016

Abstractis performed by XRD, DTA, and FTIR spectroscopy.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxygenation of the Unactivated Pyridine System by Acetyl Hypofluorite Made Directly from F2.
Authors: ROZEN S. , HEBEL D. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractVarious N‐heterocycles react with acetyl hypofluorite (II), prepared in situ from sodium acetate and fluorine, to give 2‐acetoxy derivatives as outlined in the reaction scheme.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Methylthioindolizine‐3‐carbonitriles Using Nitroketene Dithioacetal.
Authors: TOMINAGA Y. , SHIROSHITA Y. , HOSOMI A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe nitroketene dithioacetal (II) reacts with the N‐(cyanomethyl)pyridinium chlorides (I), generated from the corresponding pyridines and chloroacetonitrile, to form the thioindolizines (III) and (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Complications in the Reactions of Tris(thio)methyllithium Derivatives with δ‐Valerolactone.
Authors: YATES P. , KREPINSKY J. J. , SEIF‐EL‐NASR A. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCoupling reaction of δ‐valerolactone (I) with tris(methylthio)methyllithium (II) or tris(phenylthio)methyllithium (V) and subsequent work‐up give a mixture of the lactol (III) and the hydroxy ketone (IV) or the thioester lactone (VI).
ChemInform Abstract: Organosilicon Compounds. Part 255. Preparation and X‐Ray Crystal Structure of the First Pentacoordinate Silylsilicates.
Authors: KIRA M. , SATO K. , KABUTO C. , SAKURAI H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe silylsilicates (III) are obtained as demonstrated for the example (IIIa).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Crystal and Molecular Structure of the Neutral Cluster Compound (Rh9(CO)19(NCMe)(Cu(NCMe)2)).
Authors: CIANI G. , MORET M. , FUMAGALLI A. , MARTINENGO S. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractThe reaction of the anion of (I) with the copper(I) complex (II) yields the novel cluster (III) which contains an unusual edge‐bridging Cu(NCMe)2 group as confirmed by an X‐ray structure analysis (space group P21/c, Z=4).
ChemInform Abstract: Serial Radical Reactions of Enol Ethers: Ready Routes to Highly Functionalized C‐Glycosyl Derivatives.
Authors: CRISTOBAL LOPEZ J. , FRASER‐REID B. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractCyclization of the compounds (I) and (IV) and trapping of the radical intermediates by the nitrile (III) leads to the title derivatives (II) and (V), respectively.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereospecific Synthesis of 2,3,6‐Trisubstituted Piperidines: An Efficient Total Synthesis of (.+‐.)‐Pumiliotoxin C.
Authors: LEBEL N. A. , BALASUBRAMANIAN N. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIntramolecular cycloaddition of the nitrone derived from (I) to give the bicyclic isoxazolidine (III) and subsequent reductive cleavage of (II) leads to the all‐cis piperidine (IV), which is converted to the piperidines (VI) and (IX) with defined stereochemistry (yield of (IX) not given).
ChemInform Abstract: New Phosphite Method: The Synthesis of Oligodeoxyribonucleotides by Use of Deoxyribonucleoside 3′‐(Bis(1,1,1,3,3,3‐hexafluoro‐2‐propyl)phosphites) as New Key Intermediates.
Authors: WATANABE T. , SATO H. , TAKAKU H. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractTransesterification of a new type of phosphites such as (III) is shown to be very effective for the synthesis of deoxyribooligonucleotides such as (V).
ChemInform Abstract: Tungsten Silicide Films Deposited by SiH2Cl2‐WF6 Chemical Reaction.
Authors: HARA T. , MIYAMOTO T. , YOKOYAMA T. 
Published: May 2016

AbstractIt is found that the deposition rate of WSix is ∼1500 Å/min at temp. > 500 °C; this is more than three times faster than that observed during deposition from SiH4 and WF6.
Polycatenar Mesogens with Various Degree of Flexibility of Molecular Structure
Authors: Wolska Joanna M. , Topnani Neha , Gorecka Ewa , Mieczkowski Jozef , Pociecha Damian 
Published: May 2016

AbstractA series of newly synthesised rod‐like polycatenar mesogens forms columnar phases, with the number of molecules in the column cross section depending on the core rigidity. For non‐symmetric molecules, an additional density modulation, namely helical arrangement of molecules with a periodicity of approximately 10 molecular distances develops along the columns. For one of the compounds, a new type of columnar liquid crystal phase with 3D positional order is observed. Introducing a stilbene unit in the mesogenic core enhances the fluorescent properties of the compounds. In the hexagonal columnar phase, polarised light emission is observed.
The Relationship between Co‐rumination and Internalizing Problems: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis
Authors: Spendelow Jason S. , Simonds Laura M. , Avery Rachel E. 
Published: May 2016

Co‐rumination refers to the process of engaging in repeated discussion of personal problems in dyadic relationships. The current systematic review and meta‐analysis provided an evaluation of the relationship between co‐rumination and internalizing problems in children, adolescents and young adults, along with an investigation of potential moderator variables. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they quantitatively assessed the relationship between co‐rumination and depression, anxiety and/or internalizing problems using validated measures. An electronic search was conducted in PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Medline, Scopus and the Cochrane Library database of systematic reviews for studies published since 2002. In addition, unpublished studies were located by contacting authors in the field and by online searches of dissertation databases. Thirty‐eight studies were deemed eligible for inclusion comprising a total of 12 829 community‐based participants. A random‐effects model was employed in the analysis, and effect sizes were obtained exclusively from cross‐sectional data. Small to moderate effect sizes were found across four outcomes representing internalizing problems (mean corrected correlation range 0.14 to 0.26), with no significant variability across these variables. Female participants were found to score significantly higher on measures of co‐rumination compared with males (d = −0.55). Moderator analyses revealed mixed findings. No significant effects were found for age, gender or publication status. A significant effect was found for co‐rumination questionnaire version used (p = 0.05), and a marginal effect found for co‐rumination partner (same‐sex best friend versus other confidants; p = 0.08). These findings indicate that co‐rumination may have a modest but significant association with internalizing problems. The implications of these findings and directions for further research are discussed. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Key Practitioner Message

Co‐rumination has maladaptive (repetitive, unproductive discussion of problems) components, but also shows an association with friendship satisfaction.
The current review found that co‐rumination has small‐moderate association with depression and anxiety.
Practitioners should be aware of the way in which people discuss affective distress with others.
Language Barriers and Immigrant Health
Authors: Clarke Andrew , Isphording Ingo E. 
Published: May 2016

SUMMARYWe study the impact of language deficiency on the health status of childhood migrants to Australia. Our identification strategy relies on a quasi‐experiment comparing immigrants arriving at different ages and from different linguistic origins. In the presence of considerable non‐classical measurement error in self‐reported language proficiency, our results provide lower and upper bounds for a strong negative effect of English deficiency on health of between one half and a full standard deviation in the health score. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
(‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate decreases colonic inflammation and permeability in a mouse model of colitis, but reduces macronutrient digestion and exacerbates weight loss
Authors: Bitzer Zachary T. , Elias Ryan J. , Vijay‐Kumar Matam , Lambert Joshua D. 
Published: May 2016

Scope(‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) has been reported to have putative health effects including the prevention of inflammation and obesity. Historically, polyphenols have been regarded as antinutritionals and while such effects may be beneficial in obese subjects, they may be deleterious in nutritionally compromised individuals.Methods and resultsWe examined the effect of EGCG in the dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)‐treated mouse model of ulcerative colitis. Following induction of colitis, mice were treated with EGCG (3.2 mg/g) as the sole source of drinking fluid for 3 days. EGCG treatment mitigated DSS‐induced colon shortening and spleen enlargement. EGCG also decreased colonic protein levels of IL‐1β, IL‐6, and tumor necrosis factor‐α, as well as colonic lipid peroxides compared to DSS‐treated controls. We observed that EGCG reduced DSS‐induced gastrointestinal permeability. These beneficial effects were offset by enhanced body weight loss in EGCG‐treated mice compared to DSS‐treated controls. These effects were related to decreased protein and lipid digestion in EGCG‐treated mice compared to DSS‐treated controls.ConclusionsOur results suggest that although EGCG may exert anti‐inflammatory effects, its ability to modulate macronutrient digestion may represent a dose‐limiting adverse effect that must be considered in the context of its use for treating inflammatory bowel disease.
Helminths and the northern bobwhite population decline: A review
Authors: Olsen Andrew C. , Brennan Leonard A. , Fedynich Alan M. 
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACTLong‐term data from the Breeding Bird Survey and Christmas Bird Count indicate that northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus; hereafter, bobwhite) populations have declined since 1961 in all but 1 of the 31 states they occupy within the United States. This long‐term population decline is largely due to habitat loss. However, several other factors, including parasitism, have been considered as possible contributors or even primary causes of the bobwhite population decline. We review recent research on the helminths that infect bobwhites, particularly in Texas, and compare the bobwhite–helminth system to other galliform–helminth systems. We hypothesize that helminths do not affect bobwhite populations under favorable habitat conditions and that any observed localized population impacts may be proximate causes of the bobwhite population decline rather than ultimate causes of the bobwhite population decline. Helminth survey data provide insufficient evidence of negative effects on individual bobwhites or on their populations. Although surveys provide important data and should continue, experimental studies are the best way to identify the impact that helminths may have on bobwhites at the population level. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.
Modeling transition paths towards decentralized regional energy autonomy: the role of legislation, technology adoption, and resource availability
Authors: Binder Claudia R. , Knoeri Christof , Hecher Maria 
Published: May 2016

Decentralized energy systems are increasingly seen as a key factor for a transition towards a low-carbon, renewable energy based society. Within the transition process, regional demand and supply of renewable energy carriers have to be aligned, while considering the environmental conditions of the region. This paper focuses on the energy demand from buildings, which makes up 35 % of the total energy demand. It presents an approach for aligning the regional supply potential of renewable energy carriers with the dynamics of regional energy demand from buildings. The approach consists of two components. First, a dynamic model simulates regional energy demand from buildings taking into consideration envelope renovation, legislative standards, and adoption of heating technologies. Second, the regional supply is estimated based on the technical maximum possible, taking into consideration competing uses and spatial limitations. We show a first application in the case of the energy region Weiz-Gleisdorf, Austria, which aims to achieve CO2 neutrality and energy self-sufficiency by the year 2050. Our results show that in the year 2050 (i) energy demand from buildings will decrease by 40–55 %, depending on envelope renovation rates and legislative standards; (ii) demand for the different renewable energy carriers will be determined by the choice of heating technology; (iii) the demand for wood could be met from regional forest resources, as long as there are no additional demands for other purposes; (iv) the demand for biomass for district heating would require 5–10 % of the agricultural area to be used for the production of energy plants rather than food; and (v) in contrast to other forms of energy, the demand for electricity will remain constant or increase slightly over time. This demand could only be regionally met if significant areas of façades or gardens are used for photovoltaic electricity production in addition to roofs. Overall we identified several issues related to spatial planning and a need for further research regarding the transition towards decentralized energy systems. First, if biomass for central district heating systems is to come from regional production, areas should be allocated for cultivating energy crops used specifically to produce fuel. Second, if wood is used for district heating purposes, the extent to which the import of wood from neighboring regions would be a useful ecological solution must be evaluated; this would involve extending regional energy planning beyond the typical jurisdictional boundaries while considering ecological issues.
Isotropic-turbulence-induced mass transfer across a severely contaminated water surface
Authors: Herlina H. , Wissink J. G. 
Published: May 2016

Direct numerical simulations were performed to investigate the effect of severe contamination on interfacial gas transfer in the presence of isotropic turbulence diffusing from below. A no-slip boundary condition was employed at the interface to model the severe contamination effect. The influence of both Schmidt number ($Sc$) and turbulent Reynolds number ($R_{T}$) on the transfer velocity ($K_{L}$) was studied. In the range from $Sc=2$ up to $Sc=500$ it was found that $K_{L}\propto Sc^{-2/3}$, which is in agreement with predictions based on solid–liquid transport models, see e.g. Davies (1972, Turbulence Phenomena, Academic). For similar $R_{T}$, the transfer velocity was observed to reduce significantly compared with the free-slip conditions. The reduction becomes more pronounced with increasing Schmidt number. Similar to the observation for free-slip conditions made by Theofanous et al. (Intl J. Heat Mass Transfer, vol. 19 (6), 1976, pp. 613–624), the normalized $K_{L}$ in the present no-slip case was also found to depend on $R_{T}^{-1/2}$ and $R_{T}^{-1/4}$ for small and large turbulent Reynolds numbers, respectively.
The effect of surface-charge convection on the settling velocity of spherical drops in a uniform electric field
Authors: Yariv Ehud , Almog Yaniv 
Published: May 2016

The mechanism of surface-charge convection, quantified by the electric Reynolds number $Re$, renders the Melcher–Taylor electrohydrodynamic model inherently nonlinear, with the electrostatic problem coupled to the flow. Because of this nonlinear coupling, the settling speed of a drop under a uniform electric field differs from that in its absence. This difference was calculated by Xu & Homsy (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 564, 2006, pp. 395–414) assuming small $Re$. We here address the same problem using a different route, considering the case where the applied electric field is weak in the sense that the magnitude of the associated electrohydrodynamic velocity is small compared with the settling velocity. As convection is determined at leading order by the well-known flow associated with pure settling, the electrostatic problem becomes linear for arbitrary value of $Re$. The electrohydrodynamic correction to the settling speed is then provided as a linear functional of the electric-stress distribution associated with that problem. Calculation of the settling speed eventually amounts to the solution of a difference equation governing the respective coefficients in a spherical harmonics expansion of the electric potential. It is shown that, despite the present weak-field assumption, our model reproduces the small-$Re$ approximation of Xu and Homsy as a particular case. For finite $Re$, inspection of the difference equation reveals a singularity at the critical $Re$-value $4S(1+R)(1+M)/(1+S)M$, wherein $R$, $S$ and $M$ respectively denote the ratios of resistivity, permittivity and viscosity values in the suspending and drop phases, as defined by Melcher & Taylor (Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., vol. 1, 1969, pp. 111–146). Straightforward numerical solutions of this equation for electric Reynolds numbers smaller than the critical value reveal a non-monotonic dependence of the settling speed upon the electric field magnitude, including a transition from velocity enhancement to velocity decrement.