bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular docking studies on thirteen fluoroquinolines with human topoisomerase II a and b
Authors: Jadhav Ashwini Khanderao , Karuppayil Sankunny Mohan 
Published: June 2017

AbstractDNA relaxation is an important step in DNA replication. DNA topoisomerases play a major role in DNA relaxation. Hence these enzymes are important targets for cancer drugs. DNA topoisomerase inhibitors bind to the transient enzyme–DNA complex and inhibit DNA replication. Various inhibitors of topoisomerase I and II are prescribed as drugs. Topoisomerase II is considered as an important target for the development of anticancer drugs. In this study we have demonstrated molecular docking of thirteen fluoroquinolines with human DNA topoisomerase II alpha (a) and beta (b). Fluoroquinolines are broad spectrum antibacterial antibiotics and it is highly effective against various bacterial infections. Some of the fluoroquinolines like moxifloxacin exert antifungal as well as anti-cancer activity. It forms complexes with topoisomerase II a and are responsible for stoppage DNA replication. Molecular docking studies showed that fluoroquinolines has shown formation of hydrogen bond and good binding affinity with human Topo2a and Topo2b. Hence FQs may inhibit the activity of enzyme topoisomerase by binding at its active site. Ofloxacin, sparafloxacin, ciprofloxacin and moxifloxacin are predicted to be the most potent inhibitors among the thirteen FQs docked. GLN773, ASN770, LYS723 and TRP931 amino acid residues of Topo2a are involved in binding with FQs while ASP479, SER480, ARG820, ARG503, LYS456 and GLN778 amino acid residues of Topo2b are involved in binding with FQs. Our in silico study suggests that fluoroquinolines could be repositioned as DNA topoisomerase II inhibitors hence can be used as anticancer drugs. In vitro and in vivo experiments need to be done to confirm their efficacy.
The Social Defeat Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: an Update
Authors: Van der Ven E. 
Published: June 2017

Research provides strong evidence of an elevated risk for developing psychotic symptoms and psychotic disorder among various ethnic and other minority groups. Furthermore, ethnicity may modify the risk for autism-spectrum disorder, but the evidence of this is still thin. Misdiagnosis, selective migration and other methodological artefacts are implausible explanations for the findings on psychotic disorder. Instead, we propose that ‘social defeat’, defined as the chronic experience of being excluded from the majority group, may increase the risk for psychotic disorder by sensitizing the mesolimbic dopamine system. Future challenges lie in connecting the underlying biological mechanisms to behavioral expression in socially excluded groups, as well as in bridging the gap with the clinical field and the wider society by stimulating the implementation of strategies that strengthen the position of minority populations.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
Comorbidity of Mental and Physical Disorders: A Major Challenge for Medicine in the 21st Century
Authors: Sartorius N. 
Published: June 2017

Demographic changes and successes of medicine in preserving and prolonging life are among the main reasons for the significant increase of comorbidity of mental and physical illness. The simultaneous presence of these disorders leads to a worse prognosis of both types of disorder, significant increases of cost of treatment and heightened mortality.Although these facts are becoming known among members of the profession and among decision makers in the field of health little is done to provide adequate and timely treatment and care for all the diseases from which a person suffers. The fragmentation of medicine into ever finer and more narrow specialties contributes to the decreasing quality of care for people who have the misfortune of having comorbid mental and physical illnesses as does the stigma of mental illness which decreases the probability of timely help and leads to well documented discrimination of those who have mental illness in health services.The paper will present some information about comorbidity of mental and physical disorders and suggest reforms of health care that might help to resolve the problems which comorbidity produces.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his declaration of competing interest.
The Effects of Medication on Default Mode Network (DMN) Connectivity in Attention Deficit/hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Bibliographic Review
Authors: Pereira V. , de Castro-Manglano P. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder comprising brain structural and functional alterations, especially in default mode network (DMN), as MRI studies have recently shown. However, it is not clear in which extent medication for ADHD may influence the activity of these networks.ObjectivesThe main purpose is to look up published evidence about the effects of ADHD medication on the connectivity of DMN in patients as measured with functional-MRI.MethodsA review was conducted with Pubmed, using search terms ‘default mode network’+ ‘ADHD’ + ‘medication’/‘methylphenidate’/‘atomoxetine’/‘stimulant’/‘lisdexanfetamine’. Original research studies in English using f-MRI to assess DMN connectivity in ADHD patients were included in a more comprehensive review.ResultsThe searches found 124 articles, 8 meeting the review criteria. A total size of 146 ADHD patients was comprised (mean size: 18.25 patients). Three studies used specific resting-state f-MRI. Seven were drug trials, 3 of them short-term, randomized and controlled ones. Six included methylphenidate, 2 atomoxetine, 1 lisdexanfetamine and 3 amphetamines. Two also assessed drugs clinical effects. Evidence seems heterogeneous, but mostly consistent with normalizing drug effects on DMN in patients (in some studies also compared with healthy controls), associated with a measured clinical improvement in one study with amphetamines and one with atomoxetine. One trial found little differences on DMN activity.ConclusionsPsychostimulant drugs and atomoxetine are clinically effective medications; DMN connectivity may partially explain their action mechanisms and constitute a potential response predictor. Further f-MRI studies might more deeply assess the imaging-clinical relationships for each drug.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Ect Combined with Clomipramine and rTMS in an OCD Patient with Secondary Severe Depression
Authors: Mota D. , Almeida F. , Oliveira A. , Silva J. , Gonçalves M. , Ribeiro J. , Martins V. , Andrade J. , Macedo A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) has high rates of comorbidity with mood disorders, mainly major depressive disorder (MDD). Symptoms of depression are usually secondary to severe and disabling OCD. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) has been an effective and well tolerated therapeutic alternative in the management of refractory MDD. Other neuromodulation techniques, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), have well known efficacy in MDD and also have shown positive results, in clinical trials, treating other psychiatric disorders such as OCD.Objectives/aimsTo determine the efficacy of combining rTMS, ECT and clomipramine in the treatment of severe OCD with comorbid severe MDD.MethodsThe authors report a case of a 54-year-old male patient diagnosed with severe OCD for 23 years. He has been submitted to several drug treatments and intensive cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) always with poor response. The patient was admitted in the beginning of 2016 in our inpatient unit. Besides continuing drug treatment (clomipramine IV) and CBT, he was submitted to 12 ECT sessions during one month (3 sessions per week) and to daily sessions of rTMS during the following month.Outcome measures were obtained using Y-BOCS for OCD and HAM-D for depression.ResultsOur patient responded to ECT with mood improvement after session 4 to full euthymic state at the final session. He also responded well to rTMS with Y-BOCS score reduction.ConclusionCombined ECT and rTMS treatment with clomipramine IV and CBT was effective in our patient with a severe form of both disorders (OCD and MDD).Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Widowhood Effect–mortality and Adverse Health Effects When Losing a Spouse in Old Age
Authors: Kristiansen C.B. , Bojesen A.B. , Munk-Jørgensen P. , Andersen K. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionLosing one's spouse is a major life event which is associated to an increased risk of mental health problems as depression and sleep-disorders. There is also an increased risk of adverse effects on physical health, and even an increased risk of mortality. A phenomena called “the widowhood effect” Though this is well-known clinically, few studies have established the extent of the problem in old age.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the risk of mortality associated to widowhood in old age, and adverse health effects both regarding physical and mental health.MethodsA nationwide register-based case control study. All Danish people aged 65 years and above who became widowed in the period of 2000–2010 are included. A background population sample of 4:1 is matched on age and gender. By using the personal identification number a linkage between registers containing information regarding health service use, pharmacologic use and demographic information is made. Mortality is analysed using Kaplan-Meier estimate and the statistical comparison between the groups is done by Cox-regression. Adverse health effects are assessed by the health care use and pharmacological use, and are compared between the two groups by t-test, linear and logistic regression depending on the variables.ResultsThe study is under conduction, results will be presented.ConclusionsWidowhood in old age has been associated to an increased risk of mortality and adverse health effects. This study assesses the outcome of this in a nationwide register-based sample.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Validation of a Measure of Positive and Negative Affect for use with Cross-national Older Adults
Authors: Von Humboldt S. , Leal I. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionPositive Affect (PA) and Negative Affect (NA) have been used as general dimensions to describe affective experience, and they are the affective, emotional components of SWB.ObjectivesPositive and negative affect is a relevant facet of well-being for community-dwelling older adults. This study aims to conduct a validation of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), by assessing the psychometric properties (distributional properties, construct, criterion and external-related validities, and reliability) of the PANAS in a cross-national sample of older adults.MethodsA cross-sectional survey design was used. A convenience sample of 1291 community-dwelling older adults aged 75 years old and older was recruited from community centers. Construct validity was estimated through confirmatory factor analysis and convergent validity. Criterion and external-related validities, reliability and distributional properties were also assessed.ResultsThe PANAS demonstrated satisfactory reliability, distributional properties, and construct, criterion and external-related validities in this sample of older adults.ConclusionsThese results suggest that the PANAS can be used as a reliable and valid measure for examining positive and negative affect among cross-national community-dwelling older adults.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
A Checklist for Assessing Dementia-friendly Design: Architecture as Non-pharmacological Mean in Assistance of Patients with Dementia
Authors: Zamfir M.V. , Zamfir Grigorescu M. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionAlthough there are recommendations regarding dementia-friendly architecture, studies on design features and their impact on quality of life of patients with dementia are quasi-nonexistent. The design of the environment is one of the non-pharmacological methods in the assistance of patients with dementia.ObjectivesSetting a checklist of design principles in order to assess centers for elderly with dementia; identifying the types of centers where will be applied the checklist; implementation of the checklist and determining results of assessment.AimsOur aim is to challenge the contemporary architecture of centers for elderly to be friendly with dementia patients.MethodsAfter studying literature we built a check-list of 8 principles: providing a comfortable space and also a therapeutically environment; functionality and efficiency; flexibility and accessibility; optimal design of circulation routes in order to avoid disorientation and to reduce agitation; security and safe; aesthetics; sanitation; sustainability. We then performed a case-study on two types of settings, day care centers and respite centers, and we applied the check list on three examples: two urban Day Care Centers for patients with Alzheimer Dementia (2006, Pontevedra, Spain and 2011, Alicante, Spain) and a Respite Center (2009, Dublin, Ireland).ResultsIn general, the centers are verifying the proposed checklist. Four architectural tools were identified: light, form, colour and texture. Form is more recognizable than colour and colour more recognizable than function.ConclusionsArchitecture contributes to increase quality of life in people with dementia. The proposed checklist is a promising tool for assessing dementia-friendly design.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Low Income Deteriorates Quality of Life in Early Breast Cancer Survivors
Authors: Ristevska G. , Rajchanovska D. , Jovanovska T. , Dejanova B. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundPatients who have survived cancer and have lower socio-economic status, are more likely to leave the workforce. Financial problems are widespread among many of the breast cancer survivors, but their effect on the quality of life are not sufficiently explored. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of low income onto quality of life in early breast cancer survivors.MethodsIn this study, 214 consecutive early female breast cancer patients, with mean age of 60 years (range 30–90), were interviewed for psycho-social aspects, depression (MINI) and quality of life (EORTC QLQ-Core 30 and BR-23). All patients were cancer free at the moment of interview and all initial oncological treatments were completed. Monthly net family income distribution was: ≤150 euro 58 patients (27.1%); income between 150–500 euro 116 patients (54.2%); ≥500 euro 40 patients (18.7%).ResultsPatients with income ≤150 euro, compared to patients with income ≥500 euro, had statistically significant worse global health status (60.2 ± 27.9 vs. 80.2 ± 19.2; P = 0.0007); worse physical functioning (80.3 vs. 69.1; P < 0.001); worse role functioning (92.9 vs. 78.7; P = 0.009); worse sexual functioning (P = 0.019); more severe fatigue (38 vs. 23; P = 0.01), nausea/vomitus (P = 0.041), appetite loss (18.4 ± 7.5). Major depression was diagnosed in 35 patients. Depressed patients have less income than not depressed patients (23.3% vs. 14.41%), but the difference did not reach statistical significance.ConclusionsLower income negatively affects many aspects of quality of life. Specific interventions are needed for cancer survivors with lower socio-economic status to preserve and improve the quality of life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Relations of Post-traumatic Growth and Resilience in Cancer Experience
Authors: Uzar Ozcetin Y.S. , Hicdurmaz D. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionEach individual experience cancer in a different way. While some perceive cancer as a complex and traumatic experience by developing some psychosocial and additional physical problems, others overcome cancer-related difficulties by gaining benefits such as post-traumatic growth (PTG) owing to their resilience. Resilience and PTG that are very valuable concepts in human life to adapt positively to cancer process have relations which need to be better understood.ObjectivesWe aimed to provide a better understanding of relations between resilience and PTG and relations of these two concepts with cancer experience.MethodsLiterature review.ResultsSuccessful adjustment to life-threatening illnesses such as cancer, require resilience. On the other hand, resilience provides a barrier toward stressors by helping improvement of PTG and so, is an antecedent factor of PTG. PTG ensures a deeper perspective and strength to people after traumatic events. Hence, individuals having higher levels of PTG feel powerful enough to handle the problems in their life and can easily adapt to cancer process by focusing on the positive outcomes of trauma, having improved coping mechanisms and an improved psychological well-being.ConclusionsResilience and PTG have strong mutual relations and this phenomenon should be considered for a qualified cancer care.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Depression and anxiety among Tunisian medical students “binge viewers”
Authors: Boudali M. , Hamza M. , Bourgou S. , Jouini L. , Charfi F. , Belhadj A. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionSince the advent of online streaming television, a new behavioural phenomenon have emerged among millennial, named “binge watching” that is viewing more than two episodes of a TV show in the same sitting. Whether or not this behaviour reflects emotional difficulties has been poorly studied.AimsDescribe the phenomenon and search a possible link with depression and anxiety.MethodsFifty medical students were recruited. A questionnaire exploring the circumstances, the purpose and the outcome of the binge viewing was fulfilled. The Beck depressive inventory and the state-trait anxiety inventory were passed for the assessment of depression and anxiety.ResultsAmong the 50 students questioned, 68% met the criteria of binge viewers and 64.7% of them adopted this behaviour at least once a week with an overall average of screen exposure of 3.8 hours in one sitting. Before the binge watching, 35.3% reported excitement and 29.4% boredom and have used it mostly to pass time (47.1%) and for fun (44.1%). Participants have felt more relaxed and happier after the viewing. Mild depression was found in 10 cases and moderate depression in 5 cases. Anxiety scores averaged 35.38 for state anxiety and 40.32 for trait anxiety. An inverse relationship was found between depression and anxiety scores and the frequency of the binge watching and its exposure duration. The correlation was hover non significant.ConclusionsCould it be that the binge watching is a means of fighting against anxiety and depression rather than an evidence of emotional difficulties? Further studies are needed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Personality Dark Triad: Portuguese Validation of the Dirty Dozen
Authors: Macedo A. , Araújo A.I. , Cabaços C. , Brito M.J. , Mendonça L. , Pereira A.T. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionThe Dark Triad is a term used to describe a constellation of three socially undesirable personality traits: narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Contrary to Altruism (the desire to help others with no personal reward or gain), these traits are harmful to others. Given the increased scientific interest on the dark triad, Jonason and Webster developed a shorter questionnaire to evaluate these three independent-yet-related constructs with only 12 items – Dirty Dozen (D12).ObjectiveTo investigate the psychometric properties of the Portuguese version of the Dirty Dozen.MethodsA community sample composed of 286 university students (69.2% females; mean age = 21.09 ± 2.133; range: 17–33) answered the Portuguese preliminary versions of the Dirty Dozen and of the Altruism dimension from HEXACO-100. To study the temporal stability, 30 participants (66.7% females) answered the D12 again after six weeks.ResultsThe EA Cronbach alpha was “very good” (a = 0.72). Following Kaiser and Cattel Scree Plot criteria, three meaningful factors were extracted which explained variance (EV) was of 54.64%: F1 Machiavellianism (EV 32.07%; a = 0.73), F2 Narcissism (13.665%; a = 0.74), F3 Psychopathy (8.90%; a = 0.64). The test-retest correlation coefficients were high, positive and significant for the total D12 and its dimensions (r > 0.70; P < 0.001). Pearson correlations of D12 total and dimensional scores and Altruism were negative, moderate and significant (r@ − 0.30).ConclusionsThe Portuguese version of Dirty Dozen has good reliability and validity. It could be very useful both in clinical and research contexts, namely in an ongoing project on the relationship between dark triad and perfectionism traits.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
The Impact of Parental Schizophrenia in the Development of Behavioral Disorders and Mental Illness in Children
Authors: Alves M. , Rodrigues A.R. , Moreira A.M. , Queirós O. 
Published: June 2017

IntroductionParental schizophrenia will potentially cause dysfunction in mother-child relationships, and it will also cause difficulty in adapting to motherhood.ObjectivesWe aim to study the implications of the relationship between mothers with schizophrenia and their children. The psychosocial environment and the impact of dysfunctional relationship in social skills development may cause behavioral disorders in children and further development of severe mental illness taking into account genetic factors and biopsychosocial factors.MethodsNon systematic literature review, through the Pubmed and Medline database, with time constraints.ResultsThe development of schizophrenia is related to genetic and environmental factors. Children of parents with schizophrenia are at increased risk of developing psychiatric disorder compared to the general population. It was found early behavioral disorders, starting between 5 and 8 years old and the difficulties in social interaction may arise at this age and remain until adulthood.ConclusionsIt is important to assess the level of acquisition of social skills in children and families when there is a direct relationship with schizophrenia. It may be important in the future, monitorize the development of these children, as well as be aware of the surrounding social and family environment, to identify and manage early in the presence of behavioral disorders and possible development of serious mental illness. An early intervention at the level of social deficits in children can be a preventive intervention of later schizophrenia development.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.