bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comportamientos sexuales de un grupo de hombres de alto riesgo que tienen sexo con hombres en Lima - Perú.
Authors: Díaz Gervasi Giovani Martín 
Published: May 2016

El presente estudio buscó identificar los comportamientos, las características psicosexuales de riesgo y sociodemográficas en un grupo de hombres de alto riesgo que tuvieron sexo con hombres (HARSH) en Lima. La muestra estuvo conformada por 254 HSH y el muestreo aplicado fue no probabilístico. Se empleó una basede datos secundarios del estudio: “Prevalencia, Incidencia de VIH y prevalencia de infección por VHS-2, en una población de Hombres que tienen sexo con Hombres (HSH) de alto riesgo en la ciudad de Lima-Perú”, desarrollado en IMPACTA (2002-2005). Para la recolección de datos se aplicó una auto-entrevista asistida por computadora(CASI). Los comportamientos sexuales de riesgo encontrados fueron: Tener varias parejas sexuales, el sexo anal sin condón y el consumo de alcohol durante el sexo. Las características psicosexuales relevantes fueron: Asumirse homosexual, ser pasivo y auto-percibirse gay. El mayor porcentaje de la muestra manifestó una actitud positiva al uso del condón. Pese a la información preventiva impartida, el grupo estudiado de HSH presentó comportamientos y características psicosexuales de riesgo muy expuestosa la infección por el VIH.
PESSIS, ANNE-MARIE; MARTIN, GABRIELA; GUIDON, NIEDE (Org.). OS BIOMAS E AS SOCIEDADES HUMANAS NA PRÉ-HISTÓRIA DA REGIÃO DO PARQUE NACIONAL SERRA DA CAPIVARA, BRASIL.
Authors: Maior Paulo Martin Souto 
Published: May 2016

O projeto, Síntese dos biomas e sociedades humanas da região do Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, no Sudeste do Piauí, apoiado e financiado pelo Ministério de Ciência e Tecnologia do Brasil, abre um espaço editorial destinado a divulgar o conhecimento resultante do trabalho dos pesquisadores da Fundação Museu do Homem Americano – Fumdham – e outras entidades científicas associadas em rede no decorrer de três décadas de pesquisa nessa região. Cabe lembrar que inicialmente as pesquisas no Parque Nacional estiveram centradas nos sítios com pinturas rupestres pré-históricas em razão do seu extraordinário acervo, tanto pelo número de sítios achados, como sua densa concentração e seu estado de conservação. Em 1991, por essa riqueza gráfica e cultural, a Unesco inscreve o Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara na Lista do Patrimônio Mundial de Humanidade. As escavações arqueológicas foram no começo realizadas em função da procura de informações complementares sobre esse patrimônio cultural, mas rapidamente as descobertas extrapolam as metas e as expectativas formuladas. A inesperada antiguidade da presença humana na região requer, para desvendar esse universo desconhecido, uma abordagem de pesquisa interdisciplinar. Desde a criação do Projeto, em 1986, o tema de pesquisa proposto pela Fumdham foi definido como a interação do homem com o ambiente, desde a Pré-História até os dias atuais. Varias gerações de pesquisadores brasileiros e estrangeiros sucederam-se num fluxo contínuo de trabalhos interdisciplinares para configurar um mapa multidisciplinar que enquadrasse o tema central das pesquisas no Parque Nacional. A participação das diversas disciplinas na pesquisa evoluiu de maneira diferenciada, o que se traduz num grau distinto das colaborações. Algumas salientam o estado da arte, outras a evolução da pesquisa, outras, também, os aspectos inovativos e a introdução de novos dispositivos técnicos dentro do dispositivo de pesquisa.
Influence of Wettability on Residual Gas Trapping and Enhanced Oil Recovery in Three-Phase Flow: A Pore-Scale Analysis by Use of Microcomputed Tomography
Authors: Iglauer Stefan , Rahman Taufiq , Sarmadivaleh Mohammad , Al-Hinai Adnan , Fernø Martin A. , Lebedev Maxim 
Published: May 2016

Summary
We imaged an intermediate-wet sandstone in three dimensions at high resolution (1–3.4 µm3) with X-ray microcomputed tomography (micro-CT) at various saturation states. Initially the core was at connate-water saturation and contained a large amount of oil (94%), which was produced by a waterflood [recovery factor Rf = 52% of original oil in place (OOIP)] or a direct gas flood (Rf = 66% of OOIP). Subsequent waterflooding and/or gasflooding (water-alternating-gas process) resulted in significant incremental-oil recovery (Rf = 71% of OOIP), whereas a substantial amount of gas could be stored (approximately 50%)—significantly more than in an analog water-wet plug. The oil- and gas-cluster-size distributions were measured and followed a power-law correlation N ∝ V−τ , where N is the frequency with which clusters of volume V are counted, and with decays exponents τ between 0.7 and 1.7. Furthermore, the cluster volume V plotted against cluster surface area A also correlated with a power-law correlation A ∝ Vp, and p was always ≈ 0.75. The measured τ- and p-values are significantly smaller than predicted by percolation theory, which predicts p ≈ 1 and τ = 2.189; this raises increasing doubts regarding the applicability of simple percolation models. In addition, we measured curvatures and capillary pressures of the oil and gas bubbles in situ, and analyzed the detailed pore-scale fluid configurations. The complex variations in fluid curvatures, capillary pressures, and the fluid/fluid or fluid/fluid/fluid pore-scale configurations (exact spatial locations also in relation to each other and the rock surface) are the origin of the well-known complexity of three-phase flow through rock.
A Randomized Controlled Intervention Trial: Effect of Counselling on Treatment Adherence and Self-Esteem of Women Patients Receiving Tuberculosis Treatment
Authors: Hussain Sana , A. Malik Anila , Hussain Zareen 
Published: May 2016

Introduction:
Tuberculosis (TB) is considered as a global public health issue but it can be understood as an individual health issue as well. Due to this disease, TB patients not only suffer physically but also psychologically and socially and face severe adverse consequences. Fear of dissemination the illness, helplessness and social stigma related to this ailment, are all plausible causes that lowered self-esteem of the patients and reinforce non-adherence. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of counselling on treatment adherence and increasing self-esteem of TB patients.

Methods:
This randomized control trial was conducted in Sindh Government Hospital Karachi. A total of 100 newly diagnosed women TB patients were randomly allocated to intervention (n=50) and control (n=50) groups. The data was collected through demographic form and RSES (Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale). Intervention group received counselling with social support during the treatment while the control group received education at the time of registration. Self-esteem was measured and compared before and after the intervention for two groups. Data was analysed through SPSS by using the χ2, and t-test.

Results:
Results revealed that compared with control group, treatment success rate was 100% among intervention group. The mean self-esteem scores before and after intervention in the intervention group increased from 10.42 to 17.44 showing a significant statistical difference at p <0.05 and p-value is <0.0001.

Conclusion:
The result of the present study suggests that patients with higher self-esteem tend to adhere better to TB treatment, in comparison to patients with low self-esteem. Therefore, counselling should be the important component of TB treatment to increase patients’ self-esteem which eventually fosters successful treatment outcomes.
How to Choose the Most Efficient Transport Mode for Weekend Tourism Journeys: An HSR and Private Vehicle Comparison
Authors: Moyano Amparo , Coronado José M. , Garmendia Maddi 
Published: May 2016

The present paper focuses on an analysis of the efficiency of High-Speed Rail (HSR) connections in comparison to private vehicles, with the aim of identifying the most convenient mode of transportation for weekend tourism journeys. This efficiency is centred on a person based assessment and will depend on the time available at the destination, the convenience of the timetables and travel times, and the associated costs related to accommodations and travel expenses. Because travel costs may amount to a significant share of the total expenses for recreational travel, individuals and groups may consider using a car to reach their destination, especially for journeys of short distances. However, the development of the HSR system in Spain provides an important increase in accessibility that is generating changes in the way people travel. The accessibility of the HSR service has brought an interesting alternative whose attractiveness (in terms of comfort and speed) rises with the distance travelled. In addition, RENFE (Spanish rail operator) is now reorienting its services and fares to compete in the tourism market, improving the competitiveness of HSR for weekend tourism trips relative to other transport modes.
In this framework, the paper demonstrates that HSR is a real alternative, in terms of connection efficiencies, for weekend journeys, as almost half of the Spanish cities served by HSR are more efficiently connected to Madrid through HSR than by private cars. In addition, the paper offers a person-based approach that should be taken into account in future research on transport mode choices.
Creating and Sustaining Continuous Improvement Culture in a Technical Environment: An Insight into Implementation and Benefits Measurement Challenges
Authors: Vellimana Ashkok Kumar , Al Mohsin Atef Hussain 
Published: May 2016

This reference is for an abstract only. A full paper was not submitted for this conference.

Abstract
The upstream business of a leading LNG producer and supplier embarked on a mission two years ago to institutionalize continuous improvement (CI) culture in their activities. As a result, a CI Team was formed which adopted CI ideas, put them into practice and measured the benefits.
The CI team's challenges included expert resource, functional overlap within the organization, resistance to change, information barriers, middle management commitment and the intangible nature of some of the benefits from CI.
The benefits accrued through CI of processes are both tangible and intangible. The tangible benefits are measured in terms of cost, time and quality benefits. The intangible benefits, collectively termed in the paper as Quality of Work Life Benefits, are measured by means of peer reviews, self-assessment of processes, employee surveys, internal and external audit results and external customer feedbacks.
The reactionary responses by process owners to process change initiatives, perceiving them as 'external threats' can be effectively turned around to work as catalysts for creativity that can help in the propagation of CI culture. The authors view the reactionary responses and their turn around as a very effective indicator of the effectiveness of CI efforts.
The paper provides introduction to the CI concepts and how they are embedded in the organization's management systems in a technical environment. Further it describes the challenging and upstream technical focused environment in which the business process improvement initiatives were undertaken, the benefits the organization realized evidenced through the results of periodical measurements.
The paper provides insight into the tools and means developed to encourage CI mindset, capture initiatives and manage their implementation with the help of illustrations.
Applications:
The paper, supported by real-life implementation examples, will help organizations aspiring to institutionalize CI culture with information on the challenges and possible ways to measure the progress in realizing the opportunities.
Results:
Institutionalizing CI culture, though challenging, is immensely rewarding to the organizations. The authors observe that the benefits organizations can realize from continuous improvement of processes are both tangible and intangible. The paper concludes that certain non-traditional Key Performance Indicators are essential to measure the intangible benefits.
Significance:
The paper adds to the existing knowledgebase by providing real-life implementation challenges in the upstream segment of the petroleum industry and shows how non-traditional methods can be used to measure intangible benefits of CI efforts in an upstream technical focused environment.
ERD campaign for Matrix Acidizing with Coiled Tubing - Nkossa South and Nsoko Fields - Congo
Authors: Dulout Guillaume Jean-Marie , Mazel Jean-Michel , Prossaird Sylvain , Pujol Dominique , Ogunwole John Olatunji 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
In a field study directed at improved well intervention on horizontal wells, several horizontal wells were treated with acidizing techniques using coiled tubing (CT). The study indicates that CT can be efficiently deployed to target depth in highly deviated and horizontal wells using tools such as vibrators in combination with the effect of a friction reducer and proven pumping techniques. The study emphasizes CT operation design and will provide for operators and services companies common tendencies that may be encountered during those operations.
CT mechanical simulations necessary to confirm feasibility of the operation were carried out. However, the complex geometry of the wells led us to identify critical and corrective friction factors after every operation to plan for upcoming interventions - taking into account the technology to be used and well characteristics.

Introduction
The trend in the E&P industry today is to drill more horizontal and highly deviated wells for several reasons which include accessing reserves in a more economical and more environmentally acceptable way and maximizing the reservoir contact. However, operators are losing the opportunity to effectively perform the required interventions which are normally carried out using CT services such as stimulation, well circulation, and fill cleanout, because of technical limitations. Previous experiences have shown that interventions are limited in terms of reach capabilities in wells located at the edge of the drilling envelope (Fig.1). Several techniques have been developed to counter this limitation, but prediction of the results is difficult and is mainly dependent on a set of external conditions such as completion size and material, production history or well geometry. This document presents a field example of interventions which were accomplished in the Republic of Congo where one of the world's longest CT strings is exploited to intervene in this type of challenging wells (Table 1).
Starting from December 2004, Total E&P Congo has used CT intervention to develop the Nkossa South and Nsoko fields (Fig.2) with extended reach drilling (ERD) wells to access extra reserves from the initial platform installed offshore. These interventions have been mainly acid stimulations which were performed immediately after well completion, but also include completion contingencies and perforation operations.
The main challenges faced during those operations are:• Well geometry - of ERD wells with measured depth (MD) over true vertical depth (TVD) ratios between 2.02 and 2.70• Chromium completion resulting in high sliding friction factors• Operations carried out from a drilling (tender) barge
A critical parameter to the success of many CT operations in horizontal wells is the depth penetration that can be attained before the CT buckles and locks up. Lockup happens when frictional drag forces overcome external pushing forces.
Human Factors in Large Capital Projects
Authors: Kenefake Daryl , Vaughan Charles , Harms Larry D. 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Considering human interaction in a project's design is not new and is traditionally applied at various design reviews and during construction to ensure operability. Human factors are routinely considered in industry for a facilities operating phase including walking working surfaces, access for maintenance, and general biometric requirements. Including human factors in construction and constructability reviews is the next step-out in human factors program implementation. This requires careful consideration of human factors and the design implications to allow for safe construction execution processes and overall safety of construction workers.
This paper will discuss ExxonMobil's systematic application of human factors considerations throughout the life cycle of a project including engineering design, construction planning, and execution phases to allow safe operations throughout the facility's life cycle.

Definition of Human Factors and Programs
Human Factors affects the design and engineering of the interface between work environment, technology, and human interaction to increase safety, performance, and productivity. More specifically, human factor programs provide a systematic process to design that applies and integrates knowledge of the capabilities, limitations, and needs of people with respect to:• worksite design (facilities layout, configuration, and accessibility)• equipment and tools used• environments worked in (temperature, noise, lighting)
All of this while considering the biometrics of the workforce that will be employed at the worksite.
Human factors reviews normally will focus on human interfaces (physical and cognitive factors) that improve a workplace designed for human use (working environments and machines and equipment used).
Major consideration must be given so that procedures can be written and employed that do not require performance beyond the operators capabilities, produce fatigue, provide appropriate information flow and do not violate the operators expectations.

Human Factors in Engineering Design
Incident rates have fallen since the implementation of process safety management regulations and process safety systems. These systems and regulations target facility information, risk characterization, and development of sound operating procedures for a facility. The implementation of these programs and management systems did create a step change decrease in industrial accidents as they were implemented as illustrated in Figure 1. Application of human factors programs created a reduction in accident rates in operating facilities. These programs were also implemented in the design of new facilities considering the operating phase of the facilities. Human Factors is now considered integral to the design.
Investigation of Pore-Scale dispersion in Polymer Flooding
Authors: Li Junjian , Jiang Hanqiao , LIU Yuzhang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Local displacement in polymer flooding is significantly affected by mixing taking place in the medium. Despite decades of research on mixing and dispersion, there remain questions about the amount of mixing occurring at pore-scale, especially for non Newtonian fluid. This study has investigated the local mixing experimentally as well as computationally.
Tracer dispersion in Newtonian and shear-thinning fluids flowing through sand pack has been carried out experimentally using classical transmission dispersion. Transmission dispersion increases markedly with the shear thinning index of the fluid at all Peclet numbers. The normalized dispersivity difference has same order of magnitude for sand packs and increases with the shear thinning exponent a.
Local mixing is also investigated by solving the Non-Newtonian Nervier-Stokes model and convection-diffusion equations in two dimensional packing of circular disks. The computational studies qualitatively support the experimental observations for the homogeneous sand pack and explain the mixing mechanism inside the pore body. In limit of very large fluid velocity local mixing tends to zero and core-scale mixing is entirely caused by variations in velocity. If the fluid flowing inside the porous medium has shear thinning properties, the velocity fluctuations are enhanced: in the zones of large permeability where the shear rates are large, the effective viscosity is low, and the velocity is higher than for Newtonian fluids. On the contrary, in the zones of low permeability where the shear rates are low and thus the viscosity high, the velocity is smaller.
Ensuring Global Offshore Workforce Safety and Competence by Integrating National Regulatory Frameworks with International Industry Standards
Authors: Laing Ian Stewart 
Published: May 2016

This reference is for an abstract only. A full paper was not submitted for this conference.

Abstract
Governments of developing oil and gas provinces are committed to ensure that their nations maximise all the benefits of being a hydrocarbon producing country. They seek to be progressive where best practice in skills, qualifications and workforce development is adopted. They seek global recognition for their commitment to building a safe and skilled workforce for their oil and gas industry using world class standards.
This paper will describe the process where indigenous aspirations in the development of a safe and skilled workforce can be supported by the adoption of industry best practice through the integration of globally recognised training and competence standards.
Building a world class learning infrastructure within a developing market to ensure the workforce can gain the skills, knowledge and qualifications needed to meet local demand and receive global industry recognition of their achievements
Establishing a fit for purpose workforce development framework based on global industry standards and qualifications but retaining local relevance and ownership.

Improvement in a safe working environment.
The international accreditation of local training and education delivery.
Internationally recognised qualifications through the integration of indigenous programmes with global industry standards workforce development.
Empowerment of the workforce through internationally recognised qualifications.
3D Multi-scale Tomostatics using First Arrivals
Authors: Zhou Huawei , Li Peiming , Yan Zhihui , Yuan Fang 
Published: May 2016

Abstract
Tomostatics is a technology to estimate a source of error in seismic imageries called near-surface statics, which are spurious timing variations of seismic reflections caused by the lateral variations in topography and the thickness of the weathering layer of extremely low seismic velocities. Most tomostatics methods use first arrivals of seismic data to invert for a near-surface velocity model and estimate the static corrections based on the model. In this paper we present a 3D tomostatics method based on deformable layer tomography (DLT) using first arrival data. Because the near-surface velocity fields in many areas are composed of thickness-varying velocity layers, the DLT method focus on inverting for the geometry of layer interfaces. To account for inhomogeneous distribution of ray coverage, a multi-scale inversion is applied to invert for interface variations of different wavelengths simultaneously. Several measures are devised to establish the reference velocity models and to increase the computation efficiency. Tests with synthetic and field data demonstrated that, in areas of sufficient spatial coverage of shots and receivers, the first-arrival multi-scale tomostatics method is able to establish 3D near-surface velocity models of satisfactory levels of data fitness and model resolvability.