bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sleep-Disordered Breathing Exacerbates Muscle Vasoconstriction and Sympathetic Neural Activation in Patients with Systolic Heart Failure
Authors: Lobo Denise M. L. , Trevizan Patricia F. , Toschi-Dias Edgar , Oliveira Patricia A. , Piveta Rafael B. , Almeida Dirceu R. , Mady Charles , Bocchi Edimar A. , Lorenzi-Filho Geraldo , Middlekauff Holly R. , Negrão Carlos E. 
Published: November 2016

Background—
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is common in patients with heart failure (HF), and hypoxia and hypercapnia episodes activate chemoreceptors stimulating autonomic reflex responses. We tested the hypothesis that muscle vasoconstriction and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) in response to hypoxia and hypercapnia would be more pronounced in patients with HF and SDB than in patients with HF without SDB (NoSBD).

Methods and Results—

Ninety consecutive patients with HF, New York Heart Association functional class II–III, and left ventricular ejection fraction ≤40% were screened for the study. Forty-one patients were enrolled: NoSDB (n=13, 46 [39–53] years) and SDB (n=28, 57 [54–61] years). SDB was characterized by apnea–hypopnea index ≥15 events per hour (polysomnography). Peripheral (10% O
2
and 90% N
2
, with CO
2
titrated) and central (7% CO
2
and 93% O
2
) chemoreceptors were stimulated for 3 minutes. Forearm and calf blood flow were evaluated by venous occlusion plethysmography, MSNA by microneurography, and blood pressure by beat-to-beat noninvasive technique. Baseline forearm blood flow, forearm vascular conductance, calf blood flow, and calf vascular conductance were similar between groups. MSNA was higher in the SDB group. During hypoxia, the vascular responses (forearm blood flow, forearm vascular conductance, calf blood flow, and calf vascular conductance) were significantly lower in the SDB group compared with the NoSDB group (
P
<0.01 to all comparisons). Similarly, during hypercapnia, the vascular responses (forearm blood flow, forearm vascular conductance, calf blood flow, and calf vascular conductance) were significantly lower in the SDB group compared with the NoSDB group (
P
<0.001 to all comparisons). MSNA were higher in response to hypoxia (
P
=0.024) and tended to be higher to hypercapnia (
P
=0.066) in the SDB group.

Conclusions—
Patients with HF and SDB have more severe muscle vasoconstriction during hypoxia and hypercapnia than HF patients without SDB, which seems to be associated with endothelial dysfunction and, in part, increased MSNA response.
Cutting the Prehospital On-Scene Time of Stroke Thrombolysis in Helsinki
Authors: Puolakka Tuukka , Kuisma Markku , Länkimäki Sami , Puolakka Jyrki , Hallikainen Juhana , Rantanen Kirsi , Lindsberg Perttu J. 
Published: November 2016

Background and Purpose—
Significant portion of the prehospital delay consists of minutes spent on the scene with the patient. We implemented a training program for the emergency medical services personnel with the aim to optimize the on-scene time (OST) and to study the impact of different elements of prehospital practice to the OST duration.

Methods—
In this prospective interventional study, key operational emergency medical service performance variables were analyzed from all thrombolysis candidates transported to the Helsinki University Hospital emergency department. The catchment period was 4 months before and 4 months after the implementation.

Results—

One hundred and forty-one patients were managed as thrombolysis candidates before and 148 patients after the training program implementation. The OST duration for the groups was 25 (20.5–31) and 22.5 (18–28.5) minutes, respectively (
P
<0.001). Physician consultations via telephone were associated with a longer (odds ratio 0.546 [0.333–0.893]) and advanced life support training with a shorter OST (odds ration 1.760 [1.070–2.895]).

Conclusions—
Implementation of the emergency medical services training program successfully decreased the OST of thrombolysis candidates by 10%. Higher expertise level of the ambulance crew was associated with shorter OST, and decisions to consult a physician via telephone were reflected by longer OST.
Holistic Alethic Pluralism: A Reformational Research Program
Authors: Zuidervaart Lambert 
Published: November 2016

This essay lays out a reformational research program on the idea of truth. First it describes challenges to the idea of truth in contemporary philosophy and gives reasons why a robust conception of truth is needed. Next it presents two overriding concerns – ontological and axiological – that such a conception should address. In addressing these concerns, a contemporary reformational approach will take up three sets of issues: relations between propositional truth and the discursive justification of truth claims; distinctions and connections between propositional and nonpropositional truth; and the sorts of cultural practices and social institutions within which truth occurs. My detailed response to these issues, as sketched in the last section of the essay, is to propose a holistic, normative, and structurally pluralist conception of truth, one that I call holistic alethic pluralism. Propositional truth is important but not all-important, and reformational philosophy needs to show why that is so.
A WRF-Based Tool for Forecast Sensitivity to the Initial Perturbation: The Conditional Nonlinear Optimal Perturbations versus the First Singular Vector Method and Comparison to MM5
Authors: Yu Huizhen , Wang Hongli , Meng Zhiyong , Mu Mu , Huang Xiang-Yu , Zhang Xin 
Published: November 2016

AbstractA forecast sensitivity to initial perturbation (FSIP) analysis tool for the WRF Model was developed. The tool includes two modules respectively based on the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation (CNOP) method and the first singular vector (FSV) method. The FSIP tool can be used to identify regions of sensitivity for targeted observation research and important influential weather systems for a given forecast metric.This paper compares the performance of the FSIP tool to its MM5 counterpart, and demonstrates how CNOP, local CNOP (a kind of conditional nonlinear suboptimal perturbation), and FSV were detected using their evolutions of cost function. The column-integrated features of the perturbations were generally similar between the two models. More significant differences were apparent in the details of their vertical distribution. With Typhoon Matsa (2005) in the western North Pacific and a winter storm in the United States (2000) as validation cases, this work examined the tool’s capability to identify sensitive regions for targeted observation and to investigate important influential weather systems. The location and pattern of the sensitive areas identified by CNOP, local CNOP, and FSV were quite similar for both the Typhoon Matsa case and the winter storm case. The main differences were mainly in their impact on the growth of forecast difference and the details of their vertical distributions. For both cases, the wind observations might be more important than temperature observations. The results also showed that local CNOP was more capable of capturing the influence of important weather systems on the forecast of total dry energy in the verification area.
Could neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio be an indicator of coronary artery disease, coronary artery ectasia and coronary slow flow?
Authors: Yılmaz Mücahid , Korkmaz Hasan , Bilen Mehmet Nail , Uku Ökkeş , Kurtoğlu Ertuğrul 
Published: November 2016

Objective To determine whether neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) differed between patients with isolated coronary artery disease (CAD), isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE), coronary slow flow and normal coronary anatomy. Methods Patients who underwent coronary angiography were consecutively enrolled into one of four groups: CAD, coronary slow flow, CAE and normal coronary anatomy. Results The CAD ( n = 40), coronary slow flow ( n = 40), and CAE ( n = 40) groups had similar NLRs (2.51 ± 0.7, 2.40 ± 0.8, 2.6 ± 0.6, respectively) that were significantly higher than patients with normal coronary anatomy ( n = 40; NLR, 1.73 ± 0.7). Receiver operating characteristics demonstrated that with NLR > 2.12, specificity in predicting isolated CAD was 85% and sensitivity was 75%, with NLR > 2.22 specificity in predicting isolated CAE was 86% and sensitivity was 75%. With NLR > 1.92, specificity in predicting coronary slow flow was 89% and sensitivity was 75%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified NLR as an independent predictor of isolated CAE (β = −0.499, 95% CI −0.502, −0.178; P <  0.001), CAD (β = −0.426, 95% CI −1.321, −0.408; P <  0.001), and coronary slow flow (β = −0.430, 95% CI −0.811, −0.240; P = 0.001 Table 2 ). Conclusions NLR was higher in patients with CAD, coronary slow flow and CAE versus normal coronary anatomy. NLR may be an indicator of CAD, CAE and coronary slow flow.
Clinical analysis of 40 multiple myeloma patients with extramedullary plasmacytoma of the head
Authors: Sun Wan-jun , Zhang Jia-jia , An Na , Shen Men , Huang Zhong-xia , Li Xin 
Published: November 2016

Objectives To investigate the clinical characteristics, survival and prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and head extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP). Methods Forty MM patients were enrolled in the study (18 men, 22 women; median age, 55 years). Results Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 24 (5–78) months and 17 (2–36) months, respectively. The 2-, 3- and 5-year OS rates were 51%, 20% and 7%, respectively. The 2-year PFS was 15%. Median OS and PFS in patients administered velcade were 26 (18–50) and 22.5 (5–78) months, compared with 20 (10–30) and 13.5 (2–36) months in patients without velcade, respectively. Median OS was 23.5 (5–50) months in patients with EMP at MM diagnosis ( n = 25) and 36 (22–78) months in patients with head EMP diagnosed during the disease course ( n = 15). Sixteen MM patients had EMP invasion of the head only and 24 had invasion at multiple sites. Median OS was 25 (22–78) months in patients with EMP of the head only and 22 (5–78) months in patients with EMP invasion at multiple sites. Conclusion MM patients with head EMP show a more aggressive disease course and shorter OS and PFS. The prognosis of these patients is poor, especially in patients with head EMP at MM diagnosis, though combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy may prolong survival.
The (in)stability of 21st century orthopedic patient contact information and its implications on clinical research: A cross-sectional study
Authors: London Daniel A , Stepan Jeffrey G , Goldfarb Charles A , Boyer Martin I , Calfee Ryan P 
Published: November 2016

Background: In clinical research, minimizing patients lost to follow-up is essential for data validity. Researchers can employ better methodology to prevent patient loss. We examined how orthopedic surgery patients’ contact information changes over time to optimize data collection for long-term outcomes research. Methods: Patients presenting to orthopedic outpatient clinics completed questionnaires regarding methods of contact: home phone, cell phone, mailing address, and e-mail address. They reported currently available methods of contact, if they changed in the past 5 and 10 years, and when they changed. Differences in the rates of change among methods were assessed via Fisher’s exact tests. Whether participants changed any of their contact information in the past 5 and 10 years was determined via multivariate modeling, controlling for demographic variables. Results: Among 152 patients, 51% changed at least one form of contact information within 5 years, and 66% changed at least one form within 10 years. The rate of change for each contact method was similar over 5 (15%–28%) and 10 years (26%–41%). One patient changed all four methods of contact within the past 5 years and seven within the past 10 years. Females and younger patients were more likely to change some type of contact information. Conclusion: The type of contact information least likely to change over 5–10 years is influenced by demographic factors such as sex and age, with females and younger participants more likely to change some aspect of their contact information. Collecting all contact methods appears necessary to minimize patients lost to follow-up, especially as technological norms evolve.
Shifts in euro area Beveridge curves and their determinants
Authors: Bonthuis Boele , Jarvis Valerie , Vanhala Juuso 
Published: November 2016

AbstractThis paper analyses euro area Beveridge curves at the euro area aggregate and country level over the past 25 years. Using an autoregressive distributed lag model, we find a significant outward shift and flattening of the euro area Beveridge curve since the onset of the crisis, but considerable heterogeneity at country level. We test for factors underlying these developments using the local projection method of Jordà (Am Econ Rev 95(1):161–182, 2005). Skill mismatch and high shares of construction workers, as well as high home ownership rates appear strong determinants of the outward shifts in Beveridge curves. Higher female participation rates mitigate these effects.JEL Classification:J62, J63, E24, E32
A Pilot Assessment of 3 Point-of-Care Strategies for Diagnosis of Perioperative Lung Pathology
Authors: Ford John W. , Heiberg Johan , Brennan Anthony P. , Royse Colin F. , Canty David J. , El-Ansary Doa , Royse Alistair G. 
Published: November 2016

BACKGROUND:
Lung ultrasonography is superior to clinical examination and chest X-ray (CXR) in diagnosis of acute respiratory pathology in the emergency and critical care setting and after cardiothoracic surgery in intensive care. Lung ultrasound may be useful before cardiothoracic surgery and after discharge from intensive care, but the proportion of significant respiratory pathology in this setting is unknown and may be too low to justify its routine use. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of clinically significant respiratory pathology detectable with CXR, clinical examination, and lung ultrasound in patients on the ward before and after cardiothoracic surgery.

METHODS:
In this prospective observational study, patients undergoing elective cardiothoracic surgery who received a CXR as part of standard care preoperatively or after discharge from the intensive care unit received a standardized clinical assessment and then a lung ultrasound examination within 24 hours of the CXR by 2 clinicians. The incidence of collapse/atelectasis, consolidation, alveolar-interstitial syndrome, pleural effusion, and pneumothorax were compared between clinical examination, CXR, and lung ultrasound (reference method) based on predefined diagnostic criteria in 3 zones of each lung.

RESULTS:
In 78 participants included, presence of any pathology was detected in 56% of the cohort by lung ultrasound; 24% preoperatively and 94% postoperatively. With lung ultrasound as a reference, the sensitivity of the 5 different pathologies ranged from 7% to 69% (CXR), 7% to 76% (clinical examination), and 14% to 94% (combined); the specificity of the 5 different pathologies ranged from 91% to 98% (CXR), from 90% to 99% (clinical examination), and from 82% to 97% (combined). For clinical examination and lung ultrasound, intraobserver agreements beyond chance ranged from 0.28 to 0.70 and from 0.84 to 0.97, respectively. The agreements beyond chance of pathologic diagnoses between modalities ranged from 0.11 to 0.64 (CXR and lung ultrasound), from 0.08 to 0.7 (CXR and lung ultrasound), and from 0 to 0.58 (clinical examination and CXR).

CONCLUSIONS:
Clinically important respiratory pathology is detectable by lung ultrasound in a substantial number of noncritically ill, pre or postoperative cardiothoracic surgery participants with high estimate of interobserver agreement beyond that expected by chance, and we showed clinically significant diagnoses may be missed by the contemporary practice of clinical examination and CXR.
PROTECTION OF THE RURAL DESTINATIONS AS THE WORLD CULTURAL HERITAGE SITES: INTERNATIONAL PRACTICES
Authors: Афанасьев Олег , Afanasiev Oleg 
Published: November 2016

The article discusses the concept of “agrоcultural (agricultural) heritage” and composing it objects in rural (agricultural) tourism, for which they are the most important destinations. This research object is interdisciplinary, affecting a variety of spheres, particularly, agroourism, sightseeing, services and so forth, and economy in general. Agricultural heritage includes tangible objects of agricultural and technical culture, created for the production. Such objects are saved for better and complete study and understanding of their nature, not for contemplation; they are not works of art. This heritage is anthropogenic and technological. From the scientific and methodological point of view the very understanding of the term of &#34;agricultural heritage&#34; is still quite uncertain. The article presents a comprehensive understanding of it based on the nature-use concept as a binary object system &#34;Man - Nature&#34;. The available experience of classification of agricultural heritage objects is considered.
Starting 2002, at the initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the criteria are developed and an inventory of objects of the world agro- cultural heritage, Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS), is conducted.
One of the GIAHS goals is identifying objects of agricultural heritage that are most corresponding to the status of &#34;global agricultural heritage&#34; and their promotion for including to the UNESCO World Heritage List. The article presents for the first time ever full GIAHS list in Russian as of October, 2016.
We have separated in special list 114 objects from 58 countries, corresponding in our view to the concept of &#34;agricultural heritage&#34; from the UNESCO World Heritage List current at the end of 2016. The article presets the attempt to classify them by 12 categories. The rating of countries in the world by the number of Agricultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites is submitted. The author notes that exactly this category of objects forms a primary resource base for the agricultural (rural) tourism development as the most important attractive destinations, especially in Europe. As the conclusions the reasons are formulated, under which agricultural tourism is a promising form of tourism organization both for individual agricultural enterprises on the basis of objects of agricultural heritage, and for the regions in which these objects are presented.
RURAL TOURISM AS A FACTOR OF IMPROVING THE TOURISM INDUSTRY COMPETITIVENESS OF ORENBURG REGION
Authors: Шубина Татьяна , Shubina Tatyana 
Published: November 2016

The article is devoted to the rural tourism development in Orenburg region. The author discloses the concept of &#34;rural tourism&#34;, determines its importance for global and regional economy. The article specifies the factors affecting the rural tourism development, as well as analyzes climatic and geographical and historical potential of the region necessary for of this type of tourism industry.
The article describes the European experience of the tourism industry development, in particular in Germany. The author gives statistical information of Federal Ministry for Food and Agriculture of Germany for the past 9 years, considers the stimulating tools of rural tourism, which can be offered to the approbation in the domestic tourist space.
Assessing the competitiveness of the tourism industry in Orenburg region takes special place in the article. The author demonstrates resource potential and uniqueness of the region in the country’s tourist space and highlights the urgent problems related to the development of this type of tourism. There is an imbalance between the potential and actual economic indicators of rural tourism due to the relative &#34;youth&#34; of the tourism industry and the weak development of Ural tourist area. The author proves the feasibility of financing and promoting rural tourism in Orenburg region. The article highlights the relevance of measures for the conservation and use of the region&#180;s tourism potential as a factor that favorably impacts on employment in rural areas and enhances economic indicators of the tourism industry in the region.
The article confirms the weighty significance of the tourism industry in the regional economy development.
Legal responsibility in the sphere of labor relations as an inter-branch Institute of law
Authors: Репетева Олеся , Repeteva Olesya , Липинский Дмитрий , Lipinskiy Dmitriy 
Published: November 2016

The scientific article is devoted to legal liability in the field of labor relations. On the basis of current legislation and practice is justified that the system of law interindustry functional institute of legal responsibility in the sphere of labor relations that make up the rules of disciplinary, administrative, civil, financial, criminal, and citizens liability. It is concluded that the presence of interindustry institution emphasize the following factors. Firstly, it can be protected or regulated labor relations. Secondly, between institutions there are genetic, coordination and subordination relations. Third, the rules included in the joint industrial-left Institute formulate compositions which are differing from each other by only a few symptoms. Fourth, data subinstituty also connects common goals, objectives and principles.
The article was supported by the Russian Foundation for Humanities, the project № 16-33-00017 «Complex, interdisciplinary institute of legal responsibility: the concept, structure, rela-tionships and role in the system of law.&#34;
Analysis of finger movement coordination during the Variable Dexterity Test and comparative activities of daily living
Authors: Gonzalez-Sanchez Victor , Rowson Jennifer , Yoxall Alaster 
Published: November 2016

Background/Aims: This study aimed to analyse and compare finger coordination patterns during the performance of the Variable Dexterity Test (VDT) and comparative daily tasks. Methods: An optoelectronic system was used to record the joint angles of 10 healthy participants performing the VDT and daily tasks. Joint angles from digits 1 to 5 were cross-correlated across the tasks, providing a measure of the degree of finger movement coordination. Results: Correlation coefficients showed identifiable coordination patterns among the finger movements under analysis. Low correlation coefficients suggested the presence of independent finger movements during the performance of the selected tasks. Conclusions: Finger movement coordination patterns observed during activities of daily living are comparable with the patterns observed during performance of the Variable Dexterity Test for the three grasping patterns analysed in the study.