bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Filling Pattern of Volcanostratigraphy of Cenozoic Volcanic Rocks in the Changbaishan Area and Possible Future Eruptions
Authors: TANG Huafeng , KONG Tan , WU Chengzhi , WANG Pujun , PENG Xu , GAO Youfeng 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Cenozoic volcanostratigraphy in the Changbaishan area had complex building processes. Twenty‐two eruption periods have been determined from the Wangtian'e, Touxi, and Changbaishan volcanoes. The complex volcanostratigraphy of the Changbaishan area can be divided into four types of filling patterns from bottom to top. They are lava flows filling in valleys (LFFV), lava flows filling in platform (LFFP), lava flows formed the cone (LFFC), and pyroclastic Flow filling in crater or valleys (PFFC/V). LFFV has been divided into four layers and terminates as a lateral overlap. The topography of LFFV, which is controlled by the landform, is lens shaped with a wide flat top and narrow bottom. LFFP has been divided into three layers and terminates as a lateral downlap. The topography of LFFP is sheet and tabular shaped with a narrow top and wide bottom. It has large width to thickness ratio. It was built by multiple eruptive centers distributed along the fissure. The topography of LFFC, which is located above the LFFP, has a hummocky shape with a narrow sloping top and a wide flat bottom. It terminates as a later downlap or backstepping. It has large width to thickness ratio. It was built by a single eruptive center. The topography of PFFC/V, which located above the LFFC, LFFP, or valley, has the shape of fan and terminates as a lateral downlap or overlap. It has a small width to thickness ratio and was built by a single eruptive center. The filling pattern is controlled by temperature, SiO2 content, volatile content, magma volume, and the paleolandform. In the short term, the eruptive production of the Changbaishan area is comenditic ash or pumice of a Plinian type eruption. The eruptive volume in future should be smaller than that of the Baguamiao period, and the filling pattern should be PFFC/V, which may cause huge damage to adjacent areas.
Geology and Lead–Sulphur Isotope Compositions of the Tongyu Volcanic‐Hosted Massive Sulphide Copper Deposit in the Western Part of the North Qinling Orogen, China
Authors: GONG Hujun , ZHU Laimin , LI Ben , XIONG Xiao , DING Lele 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe Tongyu copper deposit, located in the western part of the North Qinling Orogen, China, is one of several volcanic‐hosted massive sulphide (VHMS) deposits with industrial value and is also a typical example of mineralization related to the subduction and metallogenesis during the Caledonian orogeny. We conducted systematic lead–sulphur isotope geochemical analyses of the Tongyu deposit to understand the possible ore‐forming material sources and tectonic settings. Twenty‐six sulphide samples yielded clustered δ34SCDT values of 1.13‰–3.36‰, average 2.22‰, and show a tower‐type distribution, implying that the sulphur of the Tongyu copper deposit mainly originated from a mantle source. The Pb isotope compositions of sulphides (206Pb/204Pb = 17.59225–18.56354, average 18.32020; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.51770–15.69381, average 15.66217; 208Pb/204Pb = 37.99969–39.06953, average 38.52722) are close to the values of the volcanic host rocks (206Pb/204Pb = 18.10678–18.26293, average 18.21158; 207Pb/204Pb = 15.63196–15.68188, average 15.65345; 208Pb/204Pb = 38.43676–38.56360, average 38.49171), thus consistent with the Pb in ores and volcanic host rocks having been derived from a common source that was island‐arc Pb related to oceanic crust subduction. The northward subduction of the Palaeo–Qinling oceanic crust triggered dehydration of the slab, which generated a large amount of high‐oxygen‐fugacity aqueous hydrothermal fluid. The fluid rose into the mantle wedge, activated and extracted metallogenic material and promoted partial melting of the mantle wedge. The magma and ore‐forming fluid welled up and precipitated, finally forming the Tongyu VHMS copper deposit.
Facies Analysis and Sequence Stratigraphy of the Qal'eh Dokhtar Formation (Middle–Upper Jurassic) in the West of Boshrouyeh, East Central Iran
Authors: SABBAGH BAJESTANI Mahnaz , MAHBOUBI Asadollah , MOUSSAVI‐HARAMI Reza , AL‐AASM Ihsan , NADJAFI Mehdi 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe study area is located in the east Tabas Block in Central Iran. Facies analysis of the Qal'eh Dokhtar Formation (middle Callovian to late Oxfordian) was carried out on two stratigraphic sections and applied to depositional environment and sequence stratigraphy interpretation. This formation conformably overlies and underlies the marly‐silty Baghamshah and the calcareous Esfandiar formations, respectively. Lateral and vertical facies changes documents low‐ to high energy environments, including tidal‐flat, beach to intertidal, lagoon, barrier, and open‐marine. According to these facies associations and absence of resedimentation deposits a depositional model of a mixed carbonate–siliciclastic ramp was proposed for the Qal'eh Dokhtar Formation. Seven third‐order depositional sequences were identified in each two measured stratigraphic sections. Transgressive systems tracts (TSTs) show deepening upward trends, i.e. shallow water beach to intertidal and lagoonal facies, while highstand systems tracts (HST) show shallowing upward trends in which deep water facies are overlain by shallow water facies. All sequence boundaries (except at the base of the stratigraphic column) are of the no erosional (SB2) types. We conclude eustatic rather than tectonic factors played a dominant role in controlling carbonate depositional environments in the study area.
A phylogenetically controlled meta‐analysis of biologging device effects on birds: Deleterious effects and a call for more standardized reporting of study data
Authors: Bodey Thomas W. , Cleasby Ian R. , Bell Fraser , Parr Nicole , Schultz Anthony , Votier Stephen C. , Bearhop Stuart 
Published: November 2017

Abstract

The use of biologging devices continues to increase with technological advances yielding remarkable ecological insights and generating new research questions. However, as devices develop and are deployed more widely, there is a need to update our knowledge of the potential ethical impacts to allow scientists to balance these against the knowledge gained.

We employed a suite of phylogenetically controlled meta‐analyses on a dataset comprising more than 450 published effect sizes across 214 different studies to examine the effects of biologger tagging on five key traits in birds.

Overall, we found small but significant negative effects of tagging on survival, reproduction, parental care. In addition, tagging was positively associated with foraging trip duration, but had no effect on body mass. Meta‐regressions revealed that flying style, migration distance and proportional tag mass were significant influences producing these deleterious effects, with attachment type and position additionally important covariates influencing survival‐ and reproduction‐based effect sizes.

There was a positive correlation between the effects of tagging on survival and reproduction, highlighting that effects may be cumulative, with the full effects of tagging not necessarily apparent in studies focused on single traits. We discuss the tradeoff between these negative effects and the advances gained through the use of biologgers.

Finally, given the number of studies from our initial literature search that lacked sufficient data for inclusion in analyses, we provide recommendations on the essential information that all biologging studies should report in order to facilitate future assessments of impacts on animals.
Delirium and effect of circadian light in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Estrup S. , Kjer C. K. W. , Poulsen L. M. , Gøgenur I. , Mathiesen O. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundDelirium is a serious condition often experienced by critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs). The role of circadian light for this condition is unclear. The aim of this study was to describe incidence of delirium, risk factors for delirium, and the association between delirium and circadian light for patients in the ICU.MethodsThis is a retrospective cohort study of all patients at a Danish ICU from 1 August 2015 to 31 January 2016. Exclusion criteria were heavy sedation, no Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM‐ICU) scores, or inability to communicate in Danish. Delirium was defined as at least one positive CAM‐ICU score or treatment with haloperidol. Three of nine beds at the ICU had a circadian light installation. Allocation to ICU beds with or without circadian light depended on availability at admission. Risk factors for development of delirium were analyzed by simple and multiple logistic regression.ResultsWe included 183 patients in the study. The incidence of delirium was 28% (95% CI 22, 35). Allocation to beds with or without circadian lighting was not associated with delirium incidence (OR 1.14; 95% CI 0.55, 2.37; P = 0.73). We found that Simplified Acute Physiology Score II (SAPS II) (OR 1.03; 95% CI 1.01, 1.06; P = 0.002), and dexmedetomidine was associated with delirium (OR 4.14; 95% CI 1.72, 10.03; P = 0.002).ConclusionIn this population of patients admitted to an ICU during 6 months, the incidence of delirium was 28%. We did not find an association between circadian light and development of delirium.
4218T/C polymorphism associations with post‐cesarean patient‐controlled epidural fentanyl consumption and pain perception
Authors: Xie W. , Zhuang W. , Chen L. , Xie W. , Jiang C. , Liu N. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundThe utilization of intrathecal opioids is an efficacious component of post‐cesarean section pain management. Given that growing evidence indicates that calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) plays a key role in the development of peripheral sensitization and is associated with enhanced pain, we hypothesized that CGRP 4218T/C polymorphism is associated with the variability in fentanyl consumption for post‐cesarean analgesia.MethodsWe recruited 548 patients who presented for elective cesarean delivery, and used polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR‐RFLP) method to analyze CGRP 4218T/C polymorphism. We examined the association of CGRP 4218T/C polymorphism and post‐operative fentanyl consumption for analgesia as well as adverse reactions to fentanyl in those patients who received cesarean section surgeries.ResultsWe found that the CGRP 4218T/C polymorphism has a significant effect on pain perception, analgesic requirement, and nausea and vomiting for the first 24 h after cesarean delivery in patients who received PCEA fentanyl. Individuals with the C/C genotype had more pain, required more PCEA fentanyl, and experienced a lower incidence of nausea and vomiting.ConclusionThese results indicated that patients with C/C genotype may have reduced sensitivity to fentanyl analgesia and/or increased pain perception, and were more willing to use PCEA fentanyl to manage their pain.
Recurrence of reported CDH23 mutations causing DFNB12 in a special cohort of South Indian hearing impaired assortative mating families – an evaluation
Authors: Vanniya S Paridhy , Chandru Jayasankaran , Pavithra Amritkumar , Jeffrey Justin Margret , Kalaimathi Murugesan , Ramakrishnan Rajagopalan , Karthikeyen Natarajan P. , C. R. Srikumari Srisailapathy 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMutations in CDH23 are known to cause autosomal‐recessive nonsyndromic hearing loss (DFNB12). Until now, there was only one study describing its frequency in Indian population. We screened for CDH23 mutations to identify prevalent and recurring mutations among South Indian assortative mating hearing‐impaired individuals who were identified as non‐DFNB1 (GJB2 and GJB6). Whole‐exome sequencing was performed in individuals found to be heterozygous for CDH23 to determine whether there was a second pathogenic allele. In our study, 19 variants including 6 pathogenic missense mutations were identified. The allelic frequency of pathogenic mutations accounts to 4.7% in our cohort, which is higher than that reported previously; three mutations (c.429+4G>A, c.2968G>A, and c.5660C>T) reported in the previous Indian study were found to recur. DFNB12 was found to be the etiology in 3.4% of our cohort, with missense mutation c.2968G>A (p.Asp990Asn) being the most prevalent (2.6%). These results suggest a need to investigate the possibility for higher proportion of CDH23 mutations in the South Indian hearing‐impaired population.
Evaluation of the NZ guidelines for screening for persistent postpartum hyperglycaemia following gestational diabetes
Authors: Hughes Ruth C. E. , Florkowski Chris , Gullam Joanna E. 
Published: November 2017

BackgroundRecent New Zealand guidelines recommend annual glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements from three months postpartum, replacing the glucose tolerance test (GTT) at six weeks, to screen for persistent hyperglycaemia following gestational diabetes. Data suggest that this screening approach may miss cases of type 2 diabetes, but are they detected at subsequent screening and will screening rates improve?AimsOur aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of HbA1c monitoring in improving screening rates following gestational diabetes and in detecting postpartum hyperglycaemia.Materials and MethodsDuring 2015 in Christchurch, all women with gestational diabetes were offered HbA1c and GTT measurements at three months postpartum and subsequent annual HbA1c measurements were recommended. Data from electronic hospital records were collected for a minimum 18 months postpartum.ResultsOf the cohort of 333 women, 218 (65%) completed both HbA1c and GTT at three months postpartum, 74 (22%) HbA1c only, 16 (5%) GTT only, 25 (8%) no screening; 184 (55%) had subsequent HbA1c tests. Diabetes was detected by GTT in five (2%) women and by HbA1c in only one out of five (20%); the disagreement between tests resolved in three out of four (75%) women with subsequent testing. Prediabetes was detected by GTT in 30 (14%) women; however, HbA1c only detected five out of 30 (17%) and subsequent HbA1c testing identified a further two out of 30 with prediabetes.ConclusionsHbA1c measurement at three months postpartum had a good uptake. However, most cases of diabetes were identified by subsequent HbA1c testing, the uptake of which was suboptimal. The importance of annual HbA1c monitoring following gestational diabetes needs greater emphasis.
In Vivo Validation of a Less Invasive Gastrostimulator
Authors: Lonys Laurent , Vanhoestenberghe Anne , Huberty Vincent , Hiernaux Martin , Cauche Nicolas , Julémont Nicolas , Debelle Adrien , Huberland François , Acuña Vicente , Godfraind Carmen , Devière Jacques , Delchambre Alain , Mathys Pierre , Deleuze Stefan , Nonclercq Antoine 
Published: November 2017

AbstractGastrointestinal stimulator implants have recently shown promising results in helping obese patients lose weight. However, to place the implant, the patient currently needs to undergo an invasive surgical procedure. We report a less invasive procedure to stimulate the stomach with a gastrostimulator. After attempting fully endoscopic implantation, we more recently focused on a single incision percutaneous procedure. In both cases, the challenges in electronic design of the implant are largely similar. This article covers the work achieved to meet these and details the in vivo validation of a gastrostimulator aimed to be endoscopically placed and anchored to the stomach.
Effects of Sensitive Electrical Stimulation‐Based Somatosensory Cueing in Parkinson's Disease Gait and Freezing of Gait Assessment
Authors: Sijobert Benoît , Azevedo Christine , Andreu David , Verna Claudia , Geny Christian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis study aims to investigate the effect of a somatosensory cueing on gait disorders in subjects with Parkinson's disease (PD). After having performed stepping in place and timed up and go assessing tasks, 13 participants with PD were equipped with an electrical stimulator and an inertial measurement unit (IMU) located under the lateral malleolus on the sagittal plane. Electrodes were positioned under the arch of the foot and electrical stimulation (ES) parameters (five 500 µs/phase charge‐balanced biphasic pulses delivered at 200 Hz, repeated four times at 10 Hz) adjusted to deliver a sensitive signal. Online IMU signal was processed in order to trigger ES at heel off detection. Starting from a quiet standing posture, subjects were asked to walk at their preferred speed on a path including 5 m straight line, u‐turn, and walk around tasks. Three situations were considered: no stimulation baseline precondition (C0), ES condition (C1), and no stimulation baseline post‐condition (C0bis), for eliminating a learning effect possibility. In ES condition (C1) the time to execute the different tasks was globally decreased in all the subjects (n = 13). Participants’ results were then grouped regarding whether they experienced freezing of gait (FOG) or not during C0 no stimulation baseline precondition. In “freezer” subjects (n = 9), the time to complete the entire path was reduced by 19%. FOG episodes occurrence was decreased by 12% compared to baseline conditions. This preliminary work showed a positive global effect on gait and FOG in PD by a somatosensory cueing based on sensitive electrical stimulation.
Growth factors for diabetic foot ulcers: mixed treatment comparison analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Sridharan Kannan , Sivaramakrishnan Gowri 
Published: November 2017

AimsTopical growth factors accelerate wound healing in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Due to the absence of head‐to‐head comparisons, we carried out Bayesian network meta‐analysis to compare the efficacy and safety of growth factors.MethodsUsing an appropriate search strategy, randomized controlled trials on topical growth factors compared with standard of care in patients with DFU, were included. Proportion of patients with complete healing was the primary outcome. Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was used as the effect estimate and random effects model was used for both direct and indirect comparisons. Markov Chain Monte Carlo simulation was used to obtain pooled estimates. Rankogram was generated based on surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).ResultsA total of 26 studies with 2088 participants and 1018 events were included. The pooled estimates for recombinant epidermal growth factor (rhEGF), autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP), recombinant human platelet‐derived growth factor (rhPDGF) were 5.72 [3.34, 10.37], 2.65 [1.60, 4.54] and 1.97 [1.54, 2.55] respectively. SUCRA for rhEGF was 0.95. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal significant changes from the pooled estimates and rankogram. No differences were observed in the overall risk of adverse events between the growth factors. However, the growth factors were observed to lower the risk of lower limb amputation compared to standard of care.ConclusionTo conclude, rhEGF, rhPDGF and autologous PRP significantly improved the healing rate when used as adjuvants to standard of care, of which rhEGF may perform better than other growth factors. The strength of most of the outcomes assessed was low and the findings may not be applicable for DFU with infection or osteomyelitis. The findings of this study needs to be considered with caution as the results might change with findings from head‐to‐head studies.
Drug‐related deaths in hospital inpatients: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Montané Eva , Arellano Ana Lucía , Sanz Yolanda , Roca Josep , Farré Magí 
Published: November 2017

AimsTo determine the incidence of drug‐related deaths (DRD) in a university hospital in 2015, to describe their characteristics, and to discover risk factors of DRD.MethodsAn analytic and retrospective cohort study. Patients with a death diagnosed predefined from a list of medical conditions potentially caused by drugs were the selected cases for further review. Causality assessment was evaluated by a local drug safety committee.ResultsOut of 1135 inpatient deaths, 73 DRD were included (six were hospital‐acquired). The incidence of DRD of all hospital admissions was 0.34%, and the incidence of all deaths cases was 7%. Drugs were the cause of death in 38 patients (52%) and a contributive role in 35 (48%). The median age of DRD patients was 72 years (range 19–94) and 72.6% were men. The median hospital stay, Charlson score and number of drugs were 5 days, 2 points and seven drugs respectively. The most frequent DRD were cerebral haemorrhages and infections in drug‐immunosuppressed patients (32, 43.8%, each group). The most frequently involved drugs were antineoplastics and glucocorticosteroids (40% and 18%), and antithrombotics (33%); drug–drug interactions were present in 44% DRD. Sex, age and number of drugs were risk factors of DRD.ConclusionsAdverse drug reactions were a significant cause of death in hospitalized patients, mainly haemorrhages and infections precipitated by drug–drug interactions. Risk factors for DRD were sex, age and number of drugs. Preventable DRD and measures to avoid them should be accurately assessed in further studies.
Changes in mothers’ intended duration of breastfeeding from the prenatal to neonatal periods
Authors: Nelson Jennifer M. , Li Ruowei , Perrine Cria G. , Scanlon Kelley S. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractBackgroundAlthough previous studies suggest that the intentions of mothers to breastfeed during pregnancy strongly predict actual breastfeeding practice, no studies have examined the changes in the intentions of mothers to breastfeed from the prenatal to neonatal periods. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in intended breastfeeding duration from the prenatal to neonatal periods, their association with actual duration, and predictors for shortened duration.MethodsThe Infant Feeding Practices Study II was a longitudinal study of mothers in the United States. Changes to intended breastfeeding duration were calculated as the difference from prenatal to neonatal reports (months); we compared this change to actual breastfeeding duration. By using multivariable logistic regression, we identified maternal characteristics associated with a shortened breastfeeding intention.ResultsOf 1780 women, 43.7% had no change to intended breastfeeding duration, 35.0% had a shorter intended duration, and 21.3% had a longer intended duration. Mothers with shortened intended duration also had shorter actual duration (P < .001). Women of Hispanic ethnicity, with a prepregnancy body mass index of ≥30 kg/m2, who were primiparous and who smoked prenatally had increased odds of shortening their breastfeeding intention from prenatal to neonatal reports. A maternal age of ≥35 years was associated with decreased odds of shortened breastfeeding intention.ConclusionApproximately one in three women shorten their intended breastfeeding duration during the early postpartum period, which negatively affects the actual duration of their breastfeeding. Women may need additional support during the early postpartum period to meet their prenatal breastfeeding intentions.