bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
233 Flexibility matters. Psychological flexibility fully mediates the effect of regular physical activity on life satisfaction
Authors: Krzywoszanski Lukasz , Potoczny Wiktor , Herzog-Krzywoszanska Radoslawa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining quality of life, good health and managing chronic diseases. It has positive effects on physical, mental and social well-being. However, the mechanisms responsible for this effect are still not fully understood. Psychological flexibility is the ability to adapt to fluctuating situational demands and to reframe mental perspectives in ways that facilitate the pursuit of meaningful life goals. Cognitive defusion (as opposed to cognitive fusion) and willingness to engage in committed action are important aspects of psychological flexibility. Current research aims to explore the possible mediating role of cognitive defusion and committed action in the relationship between regular exercise and mental well-being.

Methods
186 adults from the general population took part in the online survey and reported how much physical activity they do on a regular basis. They also completed Satisfaction with Life Scale, Cognitive Fuzion Questionnaire and Committed Action Questionnaire. Participants’ self-reports of their average weekly physical activity over the previous year were used to classify them into four levels of physical activity, as defined by the World Health Organisation’s guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The direct and indirect effects of physical activity levels on life satisfaction, with scores on the Cognitive Fuzion Questionnaire and the Committed Action Questionnaire as mediating variables, were assessed in a parallel mediation model.

Results
The parameter estimates for both indirect paths were significant, whereas for the direct path it was not significantly different from zero. This indicates that cognitive fusion and willingness to engage in committed action fully mediated the relationship between the levels of physical activity and life satisfaction. Parameter estimates for both components of the indirect pathway leading through scores on the Committed Action Questionnaire were positive, and for both components of the indirect pathway leading through scores on the Cognitive Fuzion Questionnaire were negative.

Conclusions
The results suggest that involvement in regular physical activity may contribute to more flexible psychological functioning, which in turn leads to greater life satisfaction. They shed new light on the mechanisms responsible for the beneficial effects of regular physical activity on psychological well-being and mental health.
73 Green2Gold: Creating and testing ‘Team GB Family Activity Trails’ for improving wellbeing and outdoor physical activity engagement in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England
Authors: Carter Esther , Saxton John , Douglas Caroline 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Systematic review evidence suggests that undertaking green exercise (GE; Coventry et al., 2021) including walking (Hanson & Jones, 2015) can positively impact health and wellbeing. The ‘Green2Gold’ project collaborated with The British Olympic Association to co-create ‘Team GB Family Activity Trails’, a novel GE intervention, in two locations. Signposts were installed along the walking routes containing co-designed activities linked to Olympic sports, physical activity (PA), and nature. Each signpost contained a unique QR code to provide users with additional activities on the project’s website. The study aimed to assess the impact of trail engagement on health, wellbeing, and physical activity.

Methods
In total, 37 participants age 5+ were recruited to test the trails three times within a six-week period. Pre- and post-intervention changes in perceived health, mental wellbeing, and PA and nature engagement were collected and analysed using paired-samples T-tests. Additional post-intervention feedback on enjoyment, motivators, and barriers were collected, with frequencies and crosstabulations calculated. In-the-moment changes in perceived health, mental wellbeing, and enjoyment were measured before and after each walk and compared using two-way repeated measures ANOVAs. Analyses were conducted using JASP v18.1.

Results
Single item scores for general health (p &lt; .001), multiple measures of mental health (p = .002-.043), and number of days engaging in nature (p = .002) significantly improved for both adults and children. Furthermore, significant pre-to-post intervention improvements in perceived value of exercise and being outdoors (p = .015-.031) and the number of days walking per week (p = .034) were reported for adults, with children demonstrating significantly improved future PA intention (p = .043). Overall, a significant effect of ‘Time’ was present for measures of perceived physical and mental health, fitness, nature connection, and inspiration (p &lt; .05) when assessed from pre-to-post walk on three occasions. No significant effect for ‘Walk*Time’ was present.

Conclusions
The study provides preliminary evidence to support ‘Activity Trails’ endorsed by a well-recognised sporting body, such as an Olympic Association, as a free self-directed activity to elicit positive perceived health, mental wellbeing, and nature engagement outcomes at a community level.

Funding
No funding was received for the study.
56 Implementing sensor-based physical activity surveillance to improve public health policy in The Netherlands: a protocol
Authors: Snoeker Barbara , van der Ploeg Hidde , Kompier Maaike , Wendel-Vos Wanda 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Subjective measurement with questionnaires to monitor physical behaviour often leads to recall and social desirability bias. Also, questionnaires are less able to measure relevant aspects of physical activity (PA), such as PA patterns, light intensity PA, and sedentary time. Several Dutch studies have examined the possibility to implement sensor-based monitoring as part of the existing national surveillance infrastructure for PA. These pilots have provided valuable knowledge, but there are still questions about recruitment, implementation logistics, and achieving representativeness of the entire Dutch population. These topics are crucial for feasibility of implementation of monitoring with accelerometers. Therefore, we investigate how accelerometers could best be implemented in future national surveillance systems.

Methods
For this pilot, we use the existing infrastructure from the GGD Health Monitor (GEMON), which is a probability sample from the Dutch population and contains the SQUASH PA questionnaire. At the end of the GEMON, either conducted with a web-based or personal approach, we ask respondents whether they are also willing to participate in our accelerometer pilot. Statistics Netherlands (CBS) selects a random sample of willing respondents (n = 1,000), divided over three socio-economic groups (low, middle, high). Participants wear the activity tracker (ActivPal) for 7 consecutive days. ActivPal data will be linked to the questionnaire data. The primary goal is to recruit a representative sample, and to maximise measurement logistics, data handling and storage. Our secondary goal is to estimate differences in the effectiveness of the approach strategies on response bias and PA behaviour between three socio-economic groups.

Results
For our primary goal, a roadmap will be created in which the web-based as well as the personal approach will be included. For our secondary goal, we determine the most representative recruitment strategy with regard to socio-demographic characteristics and PA behaviour.

Conclusions
Based on the results of the pilot, we advise the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports of the Netherlands how to best implement sensor-based PA measurement in the existing national surveillance infrastructure.

Support/Funding Source
This research was funded by the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, and the Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sports of the Netherlands.
213 Maintaining physical activity through the use of digital tools for people with a long-term condition/s: A systematic review
Authors: Donough Suzanne Mc , Stephenson Aoife , Grimmett Chloe , Khan Ameera , Lait Emily , McDonough Leah Rose , Tanner Georgia , Argent Rob , Howes Sarah 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
People with long-term conditions (LTCs) are less active than the general population. The clinical and economic benefits of increasing physical activity (PA) in this population depend strongly on how long the effects can be maintained.1 It is vital we find effective, sustainable and scalable solutions to support people with LTCs to maintain PA long-term. This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of digital interventions for PA maintenance among adults with one or more LTC.

Methods
A protocol was registered on Prospero (CRD42022299967). Searches were conducted in seven electronic databases, for randomised controlled trials (RTCs) including adults with ≥1 long-term conditions. Screening, data extraction and quality assessment was undertaken by two independent reviewers. Study methods, participant characteristics, intervention characteristics (digital/non-digital elements) and PA outcomes were extracted at intervention end and maintenance time points; data pooling and meta-analyses were planned.

Results
Twenty three RCTs were included. The majority of digital interventions were web-based; around half included a sensing device (wearable/phone). All interventions, except two, included non-digital elements (supervised exercise classes, education/advice/health care practitioner support). Interventions frequently advised independent PA through a digital system or in daily life. None included all design features considered key in PA maintenance such as theory, habit formation, use of sensors for goal-setting/self-monitoring/feedback, and health coaching. Meta-analysis did not identify a significant effect on PA in favour of digital interventions for device-based outcomes (14 studies, n = 2210 participants, SMD=0.11, 95% CI -0.01, 0.24, I2=24.35, p = 0.08] and showed only a small effect for subjective outcomes (9 studies, 1592 participants, SMD=0.13, 95% CI 0.02, 0.23, I2=8.43, p = 0.02).

Conclusions
We did not show that digital tools supported the maintenance of PA. However, there was a great deal of heterogeneity across trials with respect to digital/non-digital approaches/control comparisons making it challenging to pool our data. Our confidence in these findings is very low as only two RCTs were at low risk of bias. We therefore expect that findings may change as more robustly designed studies are published. We recommend that future digital interventions consider all key digital and non digital design features to support PA maintenance.

Funding
HRCI-HRB-2022-010 and ARC Wessex ARC005.
42 Motives and Barriers of Active Transportation as a Sustainable Physical Activity among Young Lithuanian Adults
Authors: Mieziene Brigita , Gasiuniene Laima 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Active transportation (AT) as a sustainable form of physical activity that contributes to both personal health and the environment is of the utmost importance. However, the prevalence of AT and its related predictors are still understudied. So, this study aims to identify motives and barriers for AT among the Lithuanian adult population. The study seeks to answer what drives people to use AT and what prevents them from using it.

Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted that included 250 Lithuanian young adults aged 18-39 years, the mean age was 20.38 years. Among them 80% were women. AT was measured using the Stages of Change model-based questionnaire. Mean comparison and logistic regressions were performed to identify significant predictors of AT. Motives were measeured following Kim & Hall (2022). Barriers assessed with questions developed by Hoj et al. (2018).

Results
Results indicated that 27.6% of young people use active transportation. AT was predicted by higher scores on the Motives scale (Expβ=1.41 [1.10-1.81], p = 0.007) and lower on the Barriers scale (Expβ=0.76 [0.68-3.58], p = 0.018). Among particular motives, there were significant differences between using and not using AT of the following: physical health, emotional health, relaxation, and opportunity to be in nature with higher scores of those using AT. Also, practical motives to get to the destination, avoid traffic jams, and not own a car. However, saving the environment was not significantly related to using AT. Among barriers, time restrictions, several destinations to reach, inconvenient landscapes, and troubles with outfits were more prominent among those not using AT.

Conclusions
Young people engage in AT mostly because of their motives and avoid engaging because of practical barriers. Awareness of the importance of individual AT for the welfare of the environment should be promoted and further studied in experimental studies.
134 Patients’ perspectives on determinants of physical activity promotion for chronic disease in primary care: A COM-B analysis
Authors: McGrath Aisling , Lambe Barry , Matthews Evan , McDonnell Karolyn , Harrison Michael , Kehoe Bróna 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Chronic disease (CD) accounts for more than half of the overall global disease burden and physical activity (PA) is an established evidence-based strategy for the prevention and management of CD. Global policy emphasises the value of embedding PA into primary healthcare, highlighting the positive effects on PA behaviour. Despite this, there is limited implementation of healthcare protocols for the management of PA in primary care, and further research is needed to guide its integration into routine practice. At an individual level, the voice of the patient living with CD is underrepresented in the literature, resulting in the absence of critical insights into determinants of PA promotion in primary care. The purpose of the research was to identify the patient perspectives on the determinants of PA promotion in primary care and to map these determinants across the six COM-B constructs.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews (n = 22), guided by the COM-B model were conducted with people aged 35-60 years, at risk of or living with CD and not meeting the PA guidelines. A hybrid analytic approach of thematic inductive and deductive analysis was applied to the participant transcripts guided by a COM-B informed coding framework.

Results
In total, 37 determinants across constructs related to capability, opportunity and motivation were prominent such as; physical capability constraints, the conflation of exercise with weight management, credibility of the health services in PA advice, communication styles in PA promotion, expectations of tailored support for PA, social support, accessibility, and integration of PA into routine habits.

Conclusions
Exploring the determinants of PA promotion through the lens of the COM-B model facilitated a systematic approach to understanding the patient perspective of the healthcare professional broaching the topic of PA. Findings emphasise the value of HCPs being supported to broach the issue of PA in a therapeutic and patient-centred manner using diverse and flexible approaches, while highlighting the importance of tailored, accessible PA opportunities that build self-efficacy and foster social support. The research provides valuable learnings to support PA promotion and the development of strategies in primary care through encompassing the patient’s perspective.

Funding Source
Health Service Executive Ireland.
44 Predictors of physical activity level among community-dwelling older adults in a suburban Nigerian population
Authors: Maruf Fatai , Akosile Christopher , Ihegihu Yvonne , Ajiboye Olufunke 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
This study explored and determined predictors of PA level among a population of Nigerian community-dwelling older adults

Methods
This cross-sectional study involved 386 community-dwelling older adults (247 females and 139 males) who were recruited at the outreach primary healthcare centre of a teaching hospital. Socio-demographics, Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), fall incidence, fear of falling (FoF), balance, depression, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) level, frequency of social visit, number of chronic diseases, number of informal carers, PA level and activities of daily living of participants were assessed using standardised procedures. Multivariate Binary Logistic Regression, using forward likelihood ratio and simple contrast, was used to determine predictors of PA level.

Results
there were lower odds for low PA level among older adults who had ≤2 chronic diseases [odd ratio (OR) 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09-0.32], had low FoF [OR: 0.19, 95% CI 0.05-0.72], had high CRF level [OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.06-0.22], engaged in &gt; 1 social visit per week, [OR: 0.37, 95% CI 0.19-0.70], and had at least secondary education [OR:0.43, 95% 0.19-0.97]. However, those who reported high mental component of HRQoL [OR: 2.98, 95% CI 1.41-6.29] had a higher odd for low PA level.

Conclusions
These findings confirm that having no or fewer diseased conditions, not having FoF, having enough capacity to move around, and having higher educational attainment are predictive of having higher PA level. However, it is counter-intuitive to find that those with higher mental component score of HRQoL are likely to be less physically active. This finding may be explained in light of the possibility that those who are economically advantaged may tend to have to move around less, especially to look for means of livelihood in the rural African context, leading to them being less physically active and yet reporting high mental component of quality of life. Thus, policy to address low PA behavior should be targeted at these groups of individuals in order to rescue them from the tendencies to live sedentary lives.

Support/Funding source
None.
130 Promoting health enhancing physical activity through social prescribing in Wales: A delivery and recommendations framework for nature-based wellbeing support programmes
Authors: Sellars Paul , Crone Diane , Mercer Jenny , Clayton Debbie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
In 2024 the Welsh Government published the National Framework for Social Prescribing, which sets out their plan for social prescription throughout Wales. Generally, social prescribing is a means of connecting people to non-clinical services in their community to improve health and wellbeing (WHO, 2022). ‘Wild Skills, Wild Spaces’ (WSWS) is an ecotherapy based social prescribing project run by Montgomeryshire Wildlife Trust. WSWS provides nature-based physical activity aimed at improving the health and wellbeing of people with mental health problems, as well as supporting the management and conservation of the sites where it is delivered. The Centre for Health, Activity and Wellbeing Research (CAWR), commissioned by the Montgomeryshire Wildlife Trust, conducted a two-year mixed-methods evaluation resulting in findings that confirmed the role WSWS has for both health and wellbeing benefits through being active. Informed by the findings and in alignment with the Welsh National Framework for Social Prescribing, the current project sought to develop a transferable delivery and recommendations framework for programmes in nature, aimed at enhancing physical, mental, and social wellbeing for people with mental health problems.

Methods
The ‘Delivery and Recommendations Framework for Nature-based Wellbeing Support Programmes’ was developed through a collaborative and iterative process incorporating four aspects: (i) WSWS evaluation findings, (ii) relevant peer reviewed journal articles, (iii) collaborative discussions with the WSWS staff, and (iv) the context of the Welsh National Framework for Social Prescribing.

Results
Following the iterative process, a delivery and recommendations framework for nature-based wellbeing support programmes was developed, encompassing a diagram and six tables. The diagram reflects the Welsh National Framework for Social Prescribing and locates where nature-based activities fit within the framework. The six tables include recommendations/guidelines for nature-based conservation programmes pertaining to:
• Social prescribing services
• People
• Activities
• Facilities
• Setting/environment
• Continued engagement and sustainability.

Conclusion
Overall, the delivery and recommendations framework provide recommendations/guidelines for people designing and delivering programmes in nature, aimed at promoting health enhancing physical activity, and mental and social wellbeing. The recommendations/guidelines encompass six delivery areas, and are transferable to other setting across Europe.

Support
WSWS was funded by the Welsh Government.
188 Recovery after a sports-related concussion: a longitudinal study of adolescent rugby union players in Northern Ireland
Authors: McKee Connor , Matthews Mark , Rankin Alan , Bleakley Chris 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Purpose
Adolescent athletes who sustain a sports-related concussion may experience a prolonged recovery period. Evidence suggests female athletes and those with a history of previous concussion may have an extended recovery period, spanning multiple weeks to months. The purpose of this study was to track recovery from a concussion across patient-reported measures and determine the time taken to return to pre-injury levels in adolescent rugby union players.

Study design
A longitudinal study was utilised across a single rugby union playing season (2022-23). Ethical approval was granted from Ulster University Research Ethics Committee

Methods
Male and female rugby union players were recruited from nine school and club rugby teams across Northern Ireland. To be eligible, participants had to be 16-18years of age, injury free and currently playing at First XV level. Participants completed demographic and established questionnaires including Post-Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS), Concussion Clinical Profiling (CP), Paediatric Fear Avoidance Behaviour after Traumatic Brain Injury (PFAB-TBI), General Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ). Those who sustained a concussion were re-assessed at 3, 7, 14, 23, 90 and 180days post-event. Recovery was defined as questionnaire score at pre-injury level. The primary outcome measure was Post-Concussion Symptom Scale.

Results
Of the 149 participants (113M (76%); 36F (24%)), 11 (7%) sustained a concussion during the season (9M: 2F), of which four had a previous history of concussion (2M: 2F). PCSS and PFAB-TBI took the longest time to return to baseline scores. Statistically significant differences in survival distribution (Chi-square 9.27 (df = 4) p &lt; 0.05) across self-reported outcomes; pairwise comparisons show the largest differences in survival distribution were seen between PCSS and GAD (p = 0.02) and PCSS and PHQ (p &lt; 0.04).

Conclusions
Adolescent male and female rugby union players experienced prolonged post-concussive symptoms based on self-reported measures. Further research on male and female adolescent athletes is needed to track recovery across various clinical measures.

Funding
This study was funded by the Department for the Economy (DfE) as part of a sponsorship of postgraduate students