bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypomethylation at PANDAR promoter progressively induces senescence in adipocyte precursor cells in subjects with obesity and type 2 diabetes
Authors: Desiderio Antonella , Pastorino Monica , Campitelli Michele , Prevenzano Immacolata , De Palma Fatima Domenica Elisa , Spinelli Rosa , Parrillo Luca , Longo Michele , Milone Marco , Miele Claudia , Raciti Gregory Alexander , Beguinot Francesco 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe risk of developing type 2 diabetes (T2D) is heterogeneous among individuals with obesity. Functional decline of adipocyte precursor cells (APCs) and accumulation of senescent cells in the subcutaneous adipose tissue contributes to the progression toward T2D. LncRNAs regulate cell senescence and may be implicated in determining this abnormality in APCs. Here, we report that APCs from individuals with obesity show a gradual increase in multiple senescence markers, which worsens in parallel with the progression from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) to impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) or T2D. Transcriptomic analysis identified PANDAR as the top‐ranked lncRNA differentially expressed in APCs from individuals with obesity and T2D and non‐obese subjects. Q‐PCR confirmed PANDAR up‐regulation in APCs from individuals with obesity, at progressively increased levels in those who developed, respectively, IGT and T2D. Bisulfite sequencing and luciferase assays revealed that, in parallel with glucose tolerance deterioration, the −1317 CpG at the PANDAR promoter became hypo‐methylated in obesity, resulting in enhanced PANDAR induction by p53. PANDAR silencing in senescent APCs from individuals with obesity and T2D caused repression of senescence programs and cell cycle re‐entry. PANDAR transcription in white blood cells (WBCs) mirrored that in APCs. Also, individuals with obesity exhibited rescue of PANDAR transcription in WBCs following bariatric surgery, accompanied by enhanced methylation at the regulatory PANDAR −1317 CpG. In conclusion, PANDAR dysregulation is a newly identified mechanism determining the early senescence of APCs from individuals with obesity, which worsens along the progression toward T2D. In the future, PANDAR targeting may represent a valuable strategy to delay this progression.
The Association Between Patient-Level Factors and Physical Function in Lung Transplant Recipients
Authors: Alemairi Maryam M. , Hergenroeder Andrea L. , Ren Dianxu , DeVito Dabbs Annette 
Published: October 2024

Purpose:
Despite the dramatic improvement in pulmonary function after lung transplantation, lung transplant recipients often have reduced physical function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between physical function and a wide range of patient-level factors among lung transplant recipients to allow researchers and health care providers to identify and better understand contributors to poor physical function.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study of lung transplant recipients enrolled in Lung Transplant Go, a randomized, controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of a telerehabilitation behavioral exercise intervention on physical function. Data were collected at the time of study enrollment for physical function using the 30-second sit-to-stand (STS-30) test, and patient-level factors included discharge destination, time since transplant, hospital length of stay, participation in exercise program outside the study, comorbidities, psychological distress, and symptoms. Regression analysis was performed to identify the association between physical function and patient-level factors.

Results:
A total of 72 lung transplant recipients with a mean age of 56 years (13), 58% male and 88% White, completed the STS-30 test. The bivariate analysis identified factors associated with STS-30 performance, which are age, marital status, time since transplant, Questionnaire for Lung Transplant Patients' activity intolerance subscale, and psychological distress. Factors that significantly predicted STS-30 performance using the regression analysis were age, time since transplant, and psychological distress (P < .05).

Conclusions:
Age, time since lung transplantation, and psychological distress significantly predicted poor physical function. Interventions to prevent poor physical function after lung transplantation should consider these factors. Research is needed to better understand patient-level factors on other physical function measures.
Differences in Diaphragmatic and Chest Wall Excursion During Quiet Breathing According to Body Position: Dynamic Analysis by MRI
Authors: Hirakawa Shunya , Yamada Takumi , Kuroishi Ryota , Sui Kaiqi 
Published: October 2024

Background and Purpose:
The diaphragm is the largest contributor to respiration but is highly influenced by position. Therefore, despite understanding the importance of “positioning” in respiratory physiotherapy, research on diaphragmatic excursion between body positions remains insufficient. This study examined the differences in diaphragm and chest wall excursion between supine, prone, and left and right side-lying positions to investigate the most suitable position for ventilation.

Methods:
Diaphragmatic excursion, as well as the lateral and anteroposterior diameters of the chest walls of 40 healthy adults (20 males and 20 females), was dynamically imaged during quiet breathing in 4 positions using magnetic resonance imaging, and the amount of excursion was calculated. The Friedman test was used for statistical analysis to compare differences in diaphragmatic and chest wall excursions.

Results:
The median age was 21.0 years, the median BMI was 20.8 kg/cm2, and all pulmonary function values were normal and within the reference values based on Japanese predicted normal values. The diaphragm and chest wall exhibited significantly greater excursion in the prone position than in other positions (P < .001). In the side-lying position, the anteroposterior diameter excursion of the lower chest wall on the unloaded side was significantly greater (P < .005). However, there was no significant difference between the side-lying and supine positions (P > .05).

Conclusions:
Diaphragmatic and chest wall excursion during quiet breathing was found to be significantly greater in the prone position than in other positions. This suggests that the prone position is the optimal “positioning” for increased ventilation and may contribute to the prevention of respiratory complications.
Establishment of mouse alveolar macrophage extraction standard and its application in the evaluation of efficacy in lung metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Su Renjing , Hu Gaoyong , Yin Shuangshuang , Shao Yingying , Huang Jiayan , Pu Weiling , Yu Haiyang 
Published: October 2024

Objective:
Alveolar macrophages (AMs) are involved in the development and progression of a variety of lung diseases. It is of great significance to explore the pathogenesis of diseases and evaluate the efficacy of drugs. However, there is no standard process for extracting primary AM. Nitidine chloride (NC) is an alkaloid extracted from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC., which has an anti-tumour pharmacological effect. However, there is no evidence that NC has a direct effect on colorectal cancer cell lung metastasis. The purpose of this study was to establish a standard for the extraction of primary AM from mice and to investigate the pharmacodynamics of NC in mice with lung metastases to colorectal cancer.

Methods:
The standard for the extraction of mouse primary AM by lavage was established. Western blot and polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the regulatory mechanism of NC in the treatment of lung metastasis in mice by macrophage phenotype and glycolysis level.

Results:
The results showed that sufficient quantity and quality of primary AM could be obtained by optimizing extraction steps, and AM obtained by this method could accurately reflect disease progression. At the same time, NC can effectively reduce colorectal cancer lung metastasis in mice. From the mechanism, NC can inhibit the expression of M2 macrophage markers and the levels of mRNA and proteins of the glycolysis-limiting enzyme.

Conclusions:
Our results show that primary AM that accurately reflects disease and assesses pharmacological effects can be obtained using our established criteria. The inhibitory effect of NC on colorectal cancer lung metastasis may be attributed to its regulation of macrophage phenotype and glycolysis.
Impact of the fibrosis-4 index in patients with ST-elevated myocardial infarction
Authors: Shibata Naoki , Ito Takanori , Morita Yasuhiro , Toyoda Hidenori , Kanzaki Yasunori , Watanabe Naoki , Yoshioka Naoki , Miyazawa Hiroyuki , Shimojo Kazuki , Ohi Takuma , Goto Hiroki , Karasawa Hoshito , Morishima Itsuro 
Published: October 2024

Background
The fibrosis-4 (FIB4) index, a simple, noninvasive marker used for hepatic diseases, represents adverse outcomes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the FIB4 index can predict adverse outcomes in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods
We investigated patients with STEMI who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and were alive at discharge. The cut-off FIB4 index at discharge was investigated using the survival classification and regression tree (CART) model to predict adverse outcomes. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality.

Results
Between January 2006 and December 2018, 1354 patients with STEMI (median age, 68 years; men, 76.1%) were investigated. The median value of the FIB4 index was 1.21 (0.84–1.78). The CART model divided the study population into low (FIB4 index <0.945; n = 435), intermediate (0.945 ≤ FIB4 index < 2.185; n = 692), and high (FIB4 index ≥2.185; n = 227) groups based on the significant predictive values for all-cause death. During a median follow-up period of 4.3 years, all-cause death occurred in 208 patients (15.4%). The Kaplan–Meier analysis showed a significant increase in mortality with higher FIB4 index values (log-rank, P < 0.001). The multivariate Cox regression model revealed that the FIB4 index was an independent risk predictor for all-cause death in patients with STEMI [low group as reference vs. intermediate group, hazard ratio: 1.975; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.166–3.346; P = 0.011 and vs. high group, hazard ratio: 4.633; 95% CI: 2.549–8.418; P < 0.001].

Conclusions
The FIB4 index was associated with the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with STEMI who underwent primary PCI.
Research progress of traditional Chinese medicine compound “Chaihu Shugan Powder” in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome
Authors: Chu Zhenhan , Gao Mingzhou , Wang Jieqiong , Yuan Guoshan , Wang Mengxuan , Gao Dongmei 
Published: October 2024

Background:
This paper aims to conduct a comprehensive and insightful review and analysis of the potential targets and corresponding pathways of Chaihu Shugan Powder (CSP) for the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) using a network pharmacology approach. The review will encompass traditional applications, active ingredients of Chinese medicines, clinical applications, pharmacological mechanisms, and active ingredients.

Methods:
The active ingredients, pharmacological mechanisms, and clinical applications of the herbal ingredients in the CSP formulation were summarized by searching the literature, and the main signaling pathways of the CSP formulation for the treatment of PMS were identified by network pharmacological studies.

Results:
CSP is a representative traditional Chinese medicine formula known for its liver detoxification properties and its effectiveness in alleviating depression. It is also recognized as one of the most widely used formulas for treating PMS. In this study, we systematically summarized the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of the 7 traditional Chinese medicine components present in CSP. Through network pharmacology analysis, we identified 75 common targets of CSP relevant to the treatment of PMS. These targets were predominantly concentrated within 17 specific signaling pathways, elucidating the potential molecular mechanisms underlying CSP’s therapeutic effects on PMS.

Conclusion:
In this paper, we have reviewed CSP and PMS, investigated the potential targets and corresponding pathways of CSP for the treatment of PMS, and systematically summarized the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of 7 herbal components. In addition, 17 pathways of CSP for PMS were identified for future research and clinical application. However, the specific mechanism of action of CSP for the treatment of PMS is only based on literature and online pharmacological studies, and no basic or clinical experiments have been conducted. In addition, CSP has many components with complex and varied interactions, and the effects of certain compounds may be overlooked. Based on the present findings, it is beneficial to further explore the mechanism of action of the new effector compounds and the prospect of their application in basic research and clinical trials. In conclusion, the revelation of new effector compounds and mechanisms of action is conducive to the further clinical application of CSP, the discovery of new targets for PMS, and the modernization of Chinese medicine.
Association of metformin use with asthma development and adverse outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rao Rui , Mei Juan , Chen Hudie , Yang Chuanjing 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Asthma and diabetes are prevalent chronic diseases affecting a significant population globally. Research has suggested that metformin, a commonly used medication for diabetes management, may also have beneficial effects in enhancing asthma outcomes. Considering the comorbidity of asthma and diabetes, a comprehensive analysis was performed to investigate the efficacy of metformin in reducing adverse outcomes of asthma patients with diabetes.

Methods:
To gather relevant data, we conducted a systematic search of the PubMed, Embase, and CENTRAL databases for observational studies published prior to September 2023. We specifically looked for studies involving individuals diagnosed with both asthma and diabetes, comparing the incidence and severity of asthma exacerbations in metformin users versus nonusers. The inclusion criteria encompassed studies that recruited participants aged 18 years and older. The primary outcome of interest was the risk of newly developing asthma, while secondary outcomes included the adjusted risk of asthma-induced exacerbations, emergency room visits, and hospitalizations. All data analyses and visualizations were performed using the R programming language.

Results:
We identified and included 7 studies involving a total of 1,176,398 patients in our analysis. The pooled effect size indicated a potential reduction in the incidence of newly developed asthma among patients with type 2 diabetes who used metformin, although this finding did not reach statistical significance. Similar conclusions have also been observed in other outcomes, such as exacerbation, asthma-related emergency department visits, risk of systemic corticosteroid prescription. The only positive outcome is that the use of metformin can reduce the chance of patients being hospitalized due to asthma.

Conclusion:
In most outcome indicators, it cannot be assumed that the use of metformin can reduce asthma-related adverse events. However, the conclusion is not so certain, and longer observation and more evidence are still required. Metformin still shows some potential in the intervention of respiratory diseases.
The relationship between HIV/AIDS and coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Cai Qiong , Pan Wei , Zhang Chunming , Zhang Xianhui , Wang Chunjie , Sun Yan , An Mingyang , Pan Fang , Xiao Jiangping , Pan Xilong 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a malignant infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV gradually destroys the body’s immune system and weakens the body’s ability to resist diseases. People living with HIV may have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease than people without HIV.

Method:
A literature retrieval from January 1, 1993 to October 1, 2023 based on the Web of Science Core Collection database. CiteSpace6.2.R4, VOSviewer v1.6.19, and Microsoft Excel 2019 were utilized for analyzing the following terms: countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords.

Results:
There were 1144 articles. The highest number of articles is in the USA, followed by Italy. University of California System, Harvard University, and Johns Hopkins University were the top 3 most productive institutions with publications in this field of research. Journal of Infectious Diseases ranked first with the highest publications (532 records), followed by Immunology (362 records), and Cardiac Cardiovascular Systems (242 records). Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed antiretroviral therapy, myocardial infarction, and protease inhibitors, etc. Keyword cluster analysis obtained 13 categories, which were roughly divided into 3 themes: (1) cardiovascular disease that has occurred or may occur; (2) HIV acquisitions that have occurred; (3) risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

Conclusion:
The article obtained the hotspots and trends and provided references for subsequent research. Based on the keyword citation burst detection analysis, we speculated that heart failure, risk, subclinical atherosclerosis, infection, and association were the research hotspots in recent years, which had a certain predictive effect on the future research direction.
The efficacy and safety of oral and vaginal misoprostol versus dinoprostone on women experiencing labor: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis of 53 randomized controlled trials
Authors: Ramadan Mohamed , Bashour George , Eldokmery Engy , Alkhawajah Amnah , Alsalhi Karim , Badr Yara , Emad Asmaa , Labieb Fatma 
Published: October 2024

Background:
Induction of labor is the process of artificially stimulating the uterus to start labor before the spontaneous onset of labor. It has several medical indications. Commonly used agents are vaginal misoprostol, vaginal prostaglandin E2 (dinoprostone), and oral misoprostol.

Methods:
Through October 2023, a literature review was carried out in Cochrane, PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify randomized clinical studies assessing if oral and vaginal misoprostol has better efficacy of induction of labor over vaginal prostaglandin E2 or dinoprostone as a primary outcome. The data were pooled as mean difference, risk ratio, and 95% confidence interval.

Results:
Fifty-three RCTs involving 10,455 patients showed a statistically significant difference in the overall success rate of induction between the misoprostol and prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) groups. They required less additional oxytocin compared to the PGE2 groups. The frequency of tachysystole, uterine hyperstimulation, abnormal cardiotocography, meconium-stained amniotic fluid, and Apgar score <7 at 1 minute were all higher in misoprostol groups than in PGE2 groups. No difference was found in cesarean section, fever, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission, or Apgar scores at 1 minute or 5 minutes.

Conclusion:
Vaginal misoprostol is more effective at inducing labor but may be less safe than vaginal dinoprostone. Oral misoprostol is generally as safe as vaginal dinoprostone. Vaginal dinoprostone requires lower doses but may need more oxytocin administration.
Association between glaucoma and the risk of Alzheimer’s disease: A meta-analysis
Authors: Jiang Meiling , Wang Xiaolin , Liu Yingfeng , Li Nan , Jin Weiyi , Lu Yan , Sun Lixia 
Published: October 2024

Background:
The role of glaucoma in predicting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) factors is unknown. This current meta-analysis was aimed at evaluating the risk of AD events in individuals suffering from glaucoma based on a meta-analysis.

Materials and methods:
Databases which included Cochrane Library, PubMed, and EMBASE were searched to detect the relevant articles, with language being restricted to English. The risk of AD events in patients with glaucoma was analyzed using the combined hazard ratios.

Results:
This study included 8 articles with 131,987 subjects published after 2012. We identified glaucoma as the risk factor for disease-free survival (hazard ratio = 1.29; 95% confidence interval = 1.05–1.59; P = .000; I2 = 95.1%) in AD patients. According to subgroup analyses, normal tension glaucoma group was the major risk factor for disease-free survival of AD patients.

Conclusions:
Although diverse approaches have been used for AD cases of various events, the current meta-analysis indicates that that glaucoma patients have a higher AD risk.
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with clear cell morphology – a close mimic of clear cell carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Li Guiyun , Feng Qiang , Shen Jian , Wang Zhiyuan , Huang Yilong , Luo Huan , Bian Li 
Published: October 2024

Rationale:
In this case, the tumor cells were epithelioid, with translucent cytoplasm, well-defined cell borders, moderate size, rounded or ovoid nuclei, and small nucleoli visible. Based on this morphological feature, we first considered clear cell carcinoma, but the epithelial-related immunohistochemical results don’t support the diagnosis. Ultimately, based on lymphoma-associated immunohistochemical results and gene rearrangement assays, the final diagnosis of a clear cell variant of DLBCL. Therefore, clinicians and pathologists are reminded that DLBCL with clear cell morphology is rare.

Patient concerns:
A case of a 44-year-old patient who presented with a 1-year’s history of an oral tumor that had recently increased in size. Computed tomography (CT) showed an osteolytic lesion with soft tissue density in the right body of mandible with bone destruction in the cortical plates on both buccal and lingual sides.
Test results: Immunohistochemistry include vimentin, LCA, CD10, CD20, CD38, B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2, multiple myeloma oncogene (MUC)-1, CD79a were strongly expressed, while the tissue was negative for the rest of epithelium and other mesenchymal antibodies. Detection of Ig and TCR gene arrangements showing the presence of B-cell monoclonal rearrangement (DH7-JH) in the tumor.

Diagnosis:
The final diagnosis was germinal center B cell-like (GCB) diffuse large B lymphoma of clear cell type.

Interventions:
The patient was treated with chemotherapy.

Outcomes:
The patient was undergoing chemotherapy and has been followed up for over 1 year.

Lessons:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with clear cell morphology is a rare tumor, and its diagnosis mainly relies on pathological findings, immunohistochemistry, gene rearrangement.