bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Decomposing the Cognition-influential Aspects of Instructional Designs A Systematic Review of Induced Causal Relationships by the Constructional Components of the Direct Instruction and Productive Failure Designs
Authors: Wu Bin 
Published: October 2024

A substantial debate on the effectiveness of two instructional designs, namely “Productive Failure (PF)” and “Direct Instruction (DI)” has been prolonged for almost two decades. Indeed, from many studies we have seen if being deliberately designed and carried out, then both designs can be sophisticated not only in instructional procedures but also in how each function takes effect on learning. The constituting components could each be specified preceding the instruction as a design, but these activities carry its own goal in facilitating learning. In this article, we summarized the reasoning in the specifications of connection, construction and criticization. Thus, from our review, we debated how instructional stages, problem-led learning and failure-driven learning can each deliver good outcomes for learners.
Informative value of diagnostic imaging methods in the detection of subepithelial formations of the stomach: a clinical case
Authors: Varlamova N. N. , Hamid S. S. , Minkova Yu. V. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Subepithelial formations (SubEO) of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GI tract) are asymptomatic in most cases, and are a diagnostic finding in routine studies. Given the risk of malignancy of some SubEO, the question of treatment tactics remains relevant today: observation or surgical intervention.PURPOSE: To demonstrate diagnostic capabilities at the outpatient stage when choosing observational tactics in a patient with SubEO.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A dynamic observation of a 68-year-old woman with a randomly identified SubEO was demonstrated. The patient has been observed by a gastroenterologist since 2005 with a diagnosis of functional disorder of the gallbladder and sphincter of Oddi. In August 2022, when contacting the clinic with complaints of epigastric pain and heartburn, the following studies were performed: gastroscopy (FGDS), endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) with fine needle puncture, transabdominal ultrasound (TAUZI), computed tomography (CT) of the abdominal cavity, during which a submucosal formation of the stomach was diagnosed. The picture is more consistent with a gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GISO). Given the small size of the formation, the surveillance tactic was chosen. At the time of 12.2023, according to the results of control studies of the SubEO without dynamics.RESULTS: The follow-up period was 17 months, the results of the control studies justified the wait-and-see tactics and allowed avoiding unjustified surgical interventions and intraoperative complications.CONCLUSION: The combined use of TAUZI with endoscopy contributes to a better differential diagnosis and the choice of adequate treatment tactics.
Adaptive stereotactic radiosurgery for cerebral metastases of non-small cell lung cancer: a retrospective study
Authors: Hizemava V. A. , Dziameshka P. D. 
Published: October 2024

INTRODUCTION: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common cause of brain metastases (BM). Adaptive stereotactic radiosurgery (ASRS) may be a useful option in the treatment of patients with large unresectable brain metastases (BM), but to date there are only a limited number of studies evaluating the effectiveness of this method.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of ASRS in patients with large BM NSCLC not subject to surgical resection.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed data from 37 patients suffering from NSCLC with 45 large (>2 cm in diameter, volume >4 cm3) unresectable BM treated with the Gamma Knife Perfexion model using two- and three-fraction ASRS. Of these, 14 foci (31.1%) were metastases of squamous cell lung cancer, 31 (68.9%) were metastases of adenocarcinoma. The median volume of lesions treated with ASRS was 9.8 (range 4.6–30.6 cm3). The dynamics of volume changes between fractions and the cumulative incidence of local relapses (CILR) were studied, and ROC analysis was performed for the tumor volume parameter. Intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed. Statistics: To establish statistical significance of differences for related variables, the Wilcoxon test for pairwise comparisons and the Friedman test for three or more groups were used. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate local control, PFS, and OS rates. The log-rank test was used to compare survival data in two groups.RESULTS: The median follow-up period was 19.4 months. With two-fraction ASRS, the median volume of metastasis decreased by 28.6% by the second session, with three-fraction — by 40.0% by the third session. The 1-year and 2-year CILR rates were 8.6±6.1%, respectively; 26.1±12.3%. In ROC analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) for tumor volume was 0.80 (95% CI 0.6– 1.0) with an optimal cutoff of 18.5 cm3. The differences in CILR between the groups with metastasis volume <18.5 cm3 and ≥18.5 cm3 were statistically significant (p<0.001). Median iPFS was 8.3 (95% CI 5.9–10.7) months, 1-year iPFS was 33.5±8.1%;2-year — 7.8±5.2%. Median OS was 13.2 (95% CI 9.0–17.4) months; 1-year OS — 52.9±8.7%, 2-year — 22.4±8.8%.DISCUSSION: Using two- and three-fraction ASRS, we delivered doses to large BM sufficient for a high level of local control with an acceptable risk of neurotoxicity: 1-year local control was 91.4%; 2-year — 73.9%; the incidence of radionecrosis is 8.5%. A statistically significant effect of lesion volume ≥18.5 cm3 on the risk of local recurrence was found. The iPFS and OS indicators after ASRS can be considered satisfactory for this group of patients.CONCLUSION: ASRS is an effective and perhaps optimal strategy for the treatment of large unresectable BM in patients with NSCLC, but comparison with other modern radiotherapy modalities such as stereotactic hypofractionated radiotherapy and WBRT with simultaneous integrated boost is needed.
Bonding and Cleaning Effects of Irrigation Protocols Using Calcium Hypochlorite on the Post-space Radicular Dentin
Authors: Besegato JF , Bravo GR , Zaniboni JF , Belizário LG , de Almeida ENM , Gelio MB , Escalante-Otárola WG , Kuga MC 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARY
This study evaluated the effect of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (SH) or calcium hypochlorite (CH) submitted to passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) or conventional irrigation (CI) on the incidence of residues and the bond strength of the cementation system to post-space dentin. Distilled water (DW) and 2.5% SH followed by 17% EDTA (SH-ED) were used as negative and positive control groups, respectively. The cervical, middle, and apical thirds of the post space were evaluated. One hundred and twenty bovine incisors were endodontically treated and post-space preparation was performed. The specimens were randomly assigned to six groups, according to the solution and irrigation method: DW-CI, SH-ED-CI-SH, SH-CI, SH-PUI, CH-CI, and CH-PUI. The incidence of residues (n=10) over the dentin was evaluated by scores using SEM images. Other specimens were irrigated as previously described and the post cementation was immediately performed using a conventional dual resin cement and a two-step etch-and-rinse adhesive system. Push-out and failure modes were performed for bonding evaluation. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn test for incidence of residues data and one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests for bond strength data were used at a significance level of 5%. The protocols that showed a lower incidence of residues were: SH-ED-CI-SH, SH-PUI, and CH-PUI for the cervical third and SH-ED-CI-SH for the middle third (p&lt;0.05). In the apical third, the protocols were similar to each other (p&gt;0.05). Bond strength values were higher after irrigation with DW-CI for all thirds (p&lt;0.05). 2.5% sodium or calcium hypochlorite negatively impacted the adhesion interface and exhibited a greater incidence of residues over the post-space radicular dentin.
Анализ композиционно-речевых автономий в концепции профессора С. Г. Ильенко: к столетию со дня рождения
Authors: Мартьянова И.А. 
Published: October 2024

Статья посвящена анализу композиционно-речевых автономий (авторской, персонажной и несобственно-авторской речи) в концепции профессора С. Г. Ильенко. Ее исходным положением является переход от оценочной характеристики речи автора и персонажей к комплексному изучению их речевого поведения. Определяются перспективы актуальных лингвистических исследований композиционно-речевых автономий.
The article deals with the analysis of compositional speech autonomies (author's, character's and non-author's speech) in the conception of Professor S. G. Ilyenko. Its starting point is the transition from an estimated characteristic of the author's and characters’ speech to a comprehensive study of their speech behavior. The prospects for linguistic research of the compositional speech autonomies are identified.
Алгоритм построения стабильных деревьев в задаче регрессии
Authors: Мышлянов А.В. , Темкин И.О. 
Published: October 2024

Данная статья посвящена описанию алгоритма решающих деревьев, применительно к задаче регрессии, учитывающих динамическую стабильность целевой переменной и данных в листьях. В статье приведен обзор существующих решений, в рамках которого обсуждаются недостатки известных подходов. Описаны возможные варианты функций потерь, по-разному учитывающих нестационарный характер независимых переменных относительно целевой переменной.
This article focuses on describing the algorithm of decision trees, applied to the regression problem, considering the dynamic stability of the target variable and the data in the leaves. The article provides an overview of existing solutions, in which the disadvantages of known approaches are discussed. The authors describe possible variants of loss functions, taking into account the non-stationary nature of the independent variables relative to the target variable in different ways.
MIGRAÇÃO LABORAL FEMININO: O PAPEL DAS POLÍTICAS DE CONCILIAÇÃO ENTRE TRABALHO E FAMÍLIA NA MELHORIA DAS CONDIÇÕES DE TRABALHO
Authors: Oliveira Rose Alves de , Alves Gláucio Simão , Lopes Marcus Vinícius 
Published: October 2024

A migração laboral feminina é um fenômeno em expansão nas últimas décadas, impulsionado por fatores socioeconômicos, mudanças nas dinâmicas familiares e desigualdades regionais. As mulheres migrantes enfrentam múltiplos desafios ao ingressarem no mercado de trabalho em seus países de destino, sendo a conciliação entre trabalho e família um dos principais obstáculos. As políticas públicas que visam à conciliação entre essas esferas desempenham um papel crucial na melhoria das condições de trabalho dessas mulheres, proporcionando-lhes maior estabilidade e qualidade de vida. Este estudo tem em vista explorar o impacto dessas políticas na vida das mulheres migrantes e como elas influenciam sua inserção e permanência no mercado de trabalho. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar o papel das políticas de conciliação entre trabalho e família na melhoria das condições de trabalho das mulheres migrantes, discutindo como essas medidas podem mitigar os desafios enfrentados por elas, especialmente no que diz respeito à sobrecarga de trabalho e às demandas familiares. A metodologia utilizada para a realização deste estudo foi a revisão bibliográfica. Foram consultados artigos científicos, livros e monografias relevantes nas bases de dados Google Acadêmico e SciELO. A pesquisa focou em publicações sobre migração laboral feminina, políticas de conciliação entre trabalho e família, condições de trabalho e vulnerabilidades das mulheres migrantes. Conclui-se que as políticas de conciliação entre trabalho e família desempenham um papel estratégico na melhoria das condições de trabalho das mulheres migrantes. Ao permitir que essas mulheres equilibrem suas responsabilidades laborais e familiares, tais políticas contribuem para a redução das desigualdades de gênero no mercado de trabalho e promovem um ambiente de maior justiça social. Portanto, é fundamental que os governos e empregadores invistam na ampliação e efetividade dessas políticas, reconhecendo sua relevância para o desenvolvimento econômico e social.
Effect of Static Contraction on Pain Reduction in Postpartum Mothers with Perineal Tears
Authors: Nurhayati Rini , Rahmawati Nurul Aini , Yulianti Atika 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Static contraction is a form of contraction exercise in muscles that uses static principles, where the muscles trained will experience changes in muscle length while the joints remain in a static or stationary state. Static contractions are useful for reducing pain, one of which is for perineal pain due to tearing during childbirth. Perineal pain is pain felt in the genital area associated with lacerations or tears in the perineum. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving static contraction exercises on reducing pain in spontaneous birth postpartum mothers with perineal tears. Method: This study utilized a quasi-experimental design involving 20 respondents, who were divided into treatment and control groups. The treatment group was given static contractions 2 times a day and the control group was given stretching 2 times, the pain level was measured using NRS (Numerical Rating Scale). Results: based on the results of the paired t test for the treatment group showed a p value = 0.000 while in the control group showed a p value = 0.000 which indicates an effect. The independent t test found a value of p = 0.001 indicating a difference in influence between the treatment group and the control group. Conclusion: there is an effect of giving static contraction exercises on reducing pain in spontaneous birth postpartum mothers with perineal tears. The results of this study can be used as a reference in conducting subsequent research on larger samples and populations.

Pendahuluan: Statik Kontraksi adalah suatu bentuk latihan kontraksi pada otot yang menggunakan prinsip statis, dimana otot yang dilatih akan mengalami perubahan panjang otot sedangkan sendinya tetap pada keadaan statis atau diam. Statik kontraksi bermanfaat untuk mengurangi nyeri, salah satunya adalah untuk nyeri perineum akibat robekan pada saat proses melahirkan. Nyeri perineum merupakan nyeri yang dirasakan pada area genital yang berhubungan dengan adanya laserasi atau robekan pada perineum. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian quasi eksperimental dengan sampel yang berjumlah 20 responden yang dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan statik kontraksi 2 kali sehari dan kelompok kontrol diberikan stretching 2 kali, tingakat nyeri diukur menggunkan NRS (Numerical Rating Scale). Hasil: berdasarkan uji paired t test pada kelompok perlakuan didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 dan pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan nilai p = 0,000 yang menandakan adanya pengaruh. Sedangkan pada uji independent t test didapatkan niali p=0,001 yang menandakan bahwa adanya perbedaan pengaruh antara kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Simpulan: terdapat pengaruh pemberian latihan statik kontraksi terhadap penurunan nyeri pada ibu post partum kelahiran spontan dengan robekan perineum.
Carotid Endarterectomy in the Acute Period of Ischemic Stroke After Thrombolytic Therapy
Authors: Nekrasov D. А. , Ziyarova D. Ya. , Gavrilenko A. V. 
Published: October 2024

AIM OF STUDY. To study the outcomes, complications and risk factors of CEA surgery in patients after thrombolytic therapy.MATERIAL AND METHODS. The results of treatment of patients after carotid endarterectomy in the acute period of ischemic acute cerebrovascular accident after thrombolytic therapy were assessed. The group of patients operated on with thrombolytic therapy included 43 patients (29 women and 14 men). The average age of the operated patients was 64±8.9 years. In 24 patients, the stroke was localized in the blood supply of the left middle cerebral artery, in 19 — in the right. A group of patients (n=50) with similar clinical characteristics was selected as a comparison group.RESULTS. Adverse events occurred in only two patients (4.6%) in the thrombolytic therapy group. One complication required active surgical tactics, the formation of a significant hematoma in the area of surgical intervention. No adverse events were noted in the control group. There were no lethal outcomes in both groups. There were no significant differences in long-term survival rates between groups (p>0.05).DISCUSSION. Numerous researchers have come to the conclusion that by observing clear criteria for selecting patients for surgical treatment, it is possible to minimize complications associated with the use of thrombolytic drugs in the preoperative period. Our study confirms these conclusions. Patients with previously performed thrombolytic therapy for stroke are in a group of special attention and require close monitoring in the short and long term.CONCLUSION. Carotid endarterectomy in the acute period of stroke during thrombolytic therapy is not associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications and does not compromise long-term treatment results. Further large studies are needed to clarify the results obtained.
Simultaneous Laparoscopic Hernioplasty in Urgent Pediatric Surgery
Authors: Gavrilyuk V. P. , Donskaya E. V. , Severinov D. A. , Zubkova Yu. A. 
Published: October 2024

One of the variants of clinical manifestation of Meckel’s diverticulum in pediatric patients is intestinal intussusception. In this case, the surgical intervention option may be laparoscopic disinvagination and resection of the diverticulum (if the clinic is equipped accordingly) or video-assisted surgery.This article presents a clinical observation of the diagnosis and simultaneous treatment of Meckel’s diverticulitis complicated by small-colonic intussusception and necrosis of the ileum, secondary appendicitis in combination with bilateral inguinal hernia in a 5-year-old girl. The described observation demonstrates the features of the intraoperative picture and surgical treatment, and describes in detail the effective treatment tactics and the course of surgical intervention.The described variant of simultaneous treatment of surgical diseases does not affect the course of the surgical period, and also made it possible to avoid repeated intervention (hernioplasty), reduced the anesthetic load (general anesthesia) and neutralized possible surgical stress.
Therapeutic and Diagnostic Tactics for Metastases to the Lymph Nodes of the Neck without an Identified Primary Focus
Authors: Sokolova M. I. , Pavlova V. I. 
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma from an unknown primary focus accounts for less than 5 % of malignant tumors in the head and neck. Improving the methods of diagnosis can reduce the incidence of this pathology. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the results of diagnosis and treatment of 59 patients with metastasis to the lymph nodes of the neck without an identified primary focus was performed. The proportion of male patients was 86 % (51/59), female — 14 % (8/59). The average age of patients is 61 years. Squamous cell carcinoma prevailed — 79 % (47/59). Results. Metastatically affected lymph nodes were localized in 92 % of cases at levels II and III. The proportion of patients with stages N2, N3 prevailed — 55 % (abs. 26), 32 % (abs. 15), respectively. Overexpression of the P­16 protein in metastatically affected lymph nodes was detected in 70 %, PD­L1 in 48 %, and Epstein­Barr virus (EBV) in 6 %. Ipsilateral diagnostic palatine tonsillectomy of an apparently unchanged tonsil was performed in 15 % (9/59) of cases, revealing the primary site in one instance. Of the special treatment methods, complex and combined treatment prevailed — 55 % (abs. 26). Radiation therapy in an independent version was performed by 48 % of patients, while 76 % received the full course (abs. 16). Combined treatment (a course of Radiation therapy followed by chemotherapy) — in 7 % (abs. 3) 20 % of patients received polychemotherapy. Palliative immunotherapy (pembrolizumab 200 mg IV — 5 courses) was given to 1 patient. The average life expectancy was higher with complex treatment — it was 60 months (95 % CI 43.5–76.4), the median survival is 60 months. Discussion. The main methods of treatment of patients with metastases of squamous cell carcinoma without were radiation therapy in an independent version, as well as complex treatment. Ipsilateral diagnostic palatine tonsillectomy of an apparently unchanged tonsil was performed in 15 % (abs. 9), and allowed to identify the primary focus in 1 case.Conclusion. Metastasis to the lymph nodes of the neck without remains an urgent interdisciplinary problem. Prospective multicenter studies are required to improve and optimize the algorithms for diagnosis and treatment of these patients.
Health System Resilience and Sustainability in India - Odisha's Strategies on Human Resources Management during COVID-19
Authors: Panda Bhuputra , Zoheb Mohammed , Panda Nishisipa , Rath Jyotirmayee , Pani Saumya Ranjan 
Published: October 2024

Background: COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread loss of life, economic downturns, emotional distress and overwhelmed the public health delivery systems across the globe. Odisha was one of the few states in India that deployed proactive management of human resources in health (HRH) to fight the menace. This paper analyzes key decisions related to HRH during COVID-19. The findings aim to strengthen HRH practices to address future pandemics.
Materials and Methods: We analyzed the structures, functions, and processes related to HRH management during the COVID-19, using a qualitative lens. Through purposive sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 key informants, including policymakers and state-level managers. Data were analyzed thematically to reflect upon the perspectives of key stakeholders, identify barriers and enablers, and document the decision-making dynamics.
Results: Odisha strengthened its hospital infrastructure and capacity of health workforce through additional deployment and skill upgradation in a short period. Restriction of movements and strengthening the health system pillars led to considerable success. As COVID-19 cases surged in mid-2020, focus shifted to clinical treatment, active case finding and surveillance. Specific training modules were developed with guidance from the Ministry of Health, WHO, and UNICEF. A whole range of human resources were trained by both online and offline modes. Community-level training programs focused on enforcing COVID-appropriate behavior and management of vulnerable population. Infusion of technology enhanced the system’s capacity to deliver high quality training in a short period of time to a vast majority of stakeholders.
Conclusion: The Odisha State Disaster Management Authority (OSDMA) and the National Health Mission (NHM) played critical roles in enhancing systems’ preparedness and institutionalizing such large-scale capacity building initiatives during periods of crisis. The state's approach in terms of scale, skill, and speed of human resources management could be a model for addressing future health crises.