bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neurobiological bases of autism–epilepsy comorbidity: a focus on excitation/inhibition imbalance
Authors: Bozzi Yuri , Provenzano Giovanni , Casarosa Simona 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAutism spectrum disorders (ASD) and epilepsy are common neurological diseases of childhood, with an estimated incidence of approximately 0.5–1% of the worldwide population. Several genetic, neuroimaging and neuropathological studies clearly showed that both ASD and epilepsy have developmental origins and a substantial degree of heritability. Most importantly, ASD and epilepsy frequently coexist in the same individual, suggesting a common neurodevelopmental basis for these disorders. Genome‐wide association studies recently allowed for the identification of a substantial number of genes involved in ASD and epilepsy, some of which are mutated in syndromes presenting both ASD and epilepsy clinical features. At the cellular level, both preclinical and clinical studies indicate that the different genetic causes of ASD and epilepsy may converge to perturb the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, due to the dysfunction of excitatory and inhibitory circuits in various brain regions. Metabolic and immune dysfunctions, as well as environmental causes also contribute to ASD pathogenesis. Thus, an E/I imbalance resulting from neurodevelopmental deficits of multiple origins might represent a common pathogenic mechanism for both diseases. Here, we will review the most significant studies supporting these hypotheses. A deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular determinants of autism–epilepsy comorbidity will pave the way to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
Myosin II activity is required for structural plasticity at the axon initial segment
Authors: Evans Mark D. , Tufo Candida , Dumitrescu Adna S. , Grubb Matthew S. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIn neurons, axons possess a molecularly defined and highly organised proximal region – the axon initial segment (AIS) – that is a key regulator of both electrical excitability and cellular polarity. Despite existing as a large, dense structure with specialised cytoskeletal architecture, the AIS is surprisingly plastic, with sustained alterations in neuronal activity bringing about significant alterations to its position, length or molecular composition. However, although the upstream activity‐dependent signalling pathways that lead to such plasticity have begun to be elucidated, the downstream mechanisms that produce structural changes at the AIS are completely unknown. Here, we use dissociated cultures of rat hippocampus to show that two forms of AIS plasticity in dentate granule cells – long‐term relocation, and more rapid shortening – are completely blocked by treatment with blebbistatin, a potent and selective myosin II ATPase inhibitor. These data establish a link between myosin II and AIS function, and suggest that myosin II's primary role at the structure may be to effect activity‐dependent morphological alterations.
Colour polymorphism is associated with lower extinction risk in birds
Authors: Ducatez Simon , Giraudeau Mathieu , Thébaud Christophe , Jacquin Lisa 
Published: April 2017

AbstractColour polymorphisms have played a major role in enhancing current understanding of how selection and demography can impact phenotypes. Because different morphs often display alternative strategies and exploit alternative ecological niches, colour polymorphism can be expected to promote adaptability to environmental changes. However, whether and how it could influence populations' and species' response to global changes remains debated. To address this question, we built an up‐to‐date and complete database on avian colour polymorphism based on the examination of available data from all 10,394 extant bird species. We distinguished between true polymorphism (where different genetically determined morphs co‐occur in sympatry within the same population) and geographic variation (parapatric or allopatric colour variation), because these two patterns of variation are expected to have different consequences on populations' persistence. Using the IUCN red list, we then showed that polymorphic bird species are at lesser risk of extinction than nonpolymorphic ones, after controlling for a range of factors such as geographic range size, habitat breadth, life history, and phylogeny. This appears consistent with the idea that high genetic diversity and/or the existence of alternative strategies in polymorphic species promotes the ability to adaptively respond to changing environmental conditions. In contrast, polymorphic species were not less vulnerable than nonpolymorphic ones to specific drivers of extinction such as habitat alteration, direct exploitation, climate change, and invasive species. Thus, our results suggest that colour polymorphism acts as a buffer against environmental changes, although further studies are now needed to understand the underlying mechanisms. Developing accurate quantitative indices of sensitivity to specific threats is likely a key step towards a better understanding of species response to environmental changes.
Cultural orientations and environmental sustainability in households: A comparative analysis of Hispanics and non‐Hispanic Whites in the United States
Authors: Liu Yu , Segev Sigal 
Published: April 2017

AbstractThis article explores the effect of cultural orientations on the sustainable household behaviours of Hispanic immigrants and non‐Hispanic Whites in the United States. A model is tested in which the personal‐level cultural orientations of interdependence‐independence determine consumers' environmental value and concern, which in turn, affect sustainable behaviours (recycling, water, electricity and energy conservation). Results from a sample of 338 Hispanic immigrants and 249 non‐Hispanic Whites indicate that interdependence predicts environmental values among non‐Hispanic Whites. For the Hispanic sample, neither interdependence nor independence predict environmental value. In both samples, environmental value is positively associated with environmental concern, which is positively related to sustainable behaviours. The relationships between environmental concern and all four behaviours are relatively weaker among Hispanics compared to non‐Hispanic Whites, suggesting that immigrants have not yet fully embraced mainstream American pro‐environmental ideals and practices. Our study sheds light on cultural differences regarding environmental values and concerns, and implies theoretical and practical recommendations for marketers in the United States.
Aerobic respiration by haemocyanin in the embryo of the migratory locust
Authors: Chen B. , Ma R. , Ding D. , Wei L. , Kang L. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractIt remains unresolved how insect embryos acquire sufficient oxygen to sustain high rates of respiratory metabolism during embryogenesis in the absence of a fully developed tracheal system. Our previous work showed that the two distinct subunits (Hc1 and Hc2) of haemocyanin (Hc), a copper‐containing protein, display embryo‐specific high expression that is essential for embryonic development and survival in the migratory locust Locusta migratoria. Here we investigated the role of haemocyanins in oxygen sensing and supply in the embryo of this locust. Putative binding sites for hypoxia‐regulated transcription factors were identified in the promoter region of all of the Hc1 and Hc2 genes. Embryonic expression of haemocyanins was highly upregulated by ambient O2 deprivation, up to 10‐fold at 13% O2 content. The degree of upregulation of haemocyanins increased with increasing levels of hypoxia. Compared with low‐altitude locusts, embryonic expression of haemocyanins in high‐altitude locusts from Tibetan plateau was constitutively higher and more robust to oxygen deprivation. These findings strongly suggest an active involvement of haemocyanins in oxygen exchange in embryos. We thus propose a mechanistic model for embryo respiration in which haemocyanin plays a key role by complementing the tracheal system for oxygen transport during embryogenesis.
Diversification of deermice (Rodentia: genus Peromyscus) at their north‐western range limit: genetic consequences of refugial and island isolation
Authors: Sawyer Yadéeh E. , Flamme Melanie J. , Jung Thomas S. , MacDonald Stephen O. , Cook Joseph A. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAimWe surveyed the genetic variability of deermice (genus Peromyscus) at the north‐western edge of their range to test for occupancy in multiple, hypothesized ice‐free regions during the late Pleistocene and explore post‐glacial dynamics.LocationNorth‐western North America.MethodsWe used sequences from four independent nuclear and mitochondrial loci from 341 specimens of Peromyscus maniculatus, Peromyscus keeni and Peromyscus sp. (Yukon) to assess species limits, population structure, and demographical change as a result of historical climate change, using a Bayesian approach. Species distribution models were built in MaxEnt to explore the niche overlap amongst genetically distinct species.ResultsDivergence amongst three lineages began before the last interglacial, and each shows signs of post‐glacial expansion. Multilocus species trees strongly support P. keeni and Peromyscus sp. (Yukon) as independent from P. maniculatus. Substantial substructure was observed for P. keeni across the fragmented Alexander Archipelago. Northern lineages or clades (Peromyscus sp. and P. keeni) differed in potential ecological distributions.Main conclusionsAt the extreme north‐western range of deermice in North America, three distinct lineages persist reflecting divergence in at least three ice‐free regions [Beringia, Coastal (near Southeast Alaska) and Southern Continental] throughout the latest Pleistocene glacial cycles. Although spatially proximate in Yukon, no locations were identified where these lineages are in contact. Further, west along the Pacific Coast, P. keeni is widespread across the complex landscape of Southeast Alaska, yet there is limited contemporary gene flow amongst island populations, a finding consistent with the barriers produced by rising sea levels at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum.
Neurobehavioural and cognitive development in infants born to mothers with eating disorders
Authors: Barona Manuela , Taborelli Emma , Corfield Freya , Pawlby Susan , Easter Abigail , Schmidt Ulrike , Treasure Janet , Micali Nadia 
Published: April 2017

IntroductionAlthough recent research has focused on the effects of maternal eating disorders (EDs) on children, little is known about the effect of maternal EDs on neurobiological outcomes in newborns and infants. This study is the first to investigate neurobehavioural regulation and cognitive development in newborns and infants of mothers with EDs.MethodsWomen with an active and past ED and healthy controls were recruited to a prospective longitudinal study during their first trimester or second trimester of pregnancy. Newborns and infants of mothers with ED were compared with newborns and infants of healthy controls on (a) neurobehavioural dysregulation using the Brazelton Neonatal Behavioural Assessment Scale at 8 days postpartum (active ED, n = 15; past ED, n = 20; healthy controls, n = 28); and (b) cognitive development using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development at 1‐year postpartum (active ED, n = 18; past ED, n = 19; healthy controls, n = 28). In order to maintain the largest possible sample at each time point, sample size varied across time points.ResultsNewborns of mothers with an active ED had worse autonomic stability when compared with newborns of healthy controls [B = −0.34 (−1.81, −0.26)]. Infants of mothers with a past ED had poorer language [B = −0.33 (−13.6, −1.9)] and motor development [B = −0.32 (−18.4, −1.3)] compared with healthy controls.ConclusionsChildren of mothers with ED display neurobehavioural dysregulation early after birth and poorer language and motor development at 1 year. These characteristics suggest evidence of early neurobiological markers in children at risk. Differential outcomes in children of women with active versus past ED suggest that active symptomatology during pregnancy might have an effect on physiological reactivity while cognitive characteristics might be more stable markers of risk for ED.
Meteorite transport—Revisited
Authors: Wisdom Jack 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMeteorites are delivered from the asteroid belt by way of chaotic zones (Wisdom 1985a). The dominant sources are believed to be the chaotic zones associated with the ν6 secular resonance, the 3:1 mean motion resonance, and the 5:2 mean motion resonance. Though the meteorite transport process has been previously studied, those studies have limitations. Here I reassess the meteorite transport process with fewer limitations. Prior studies have not been able to reproduce the afternoon excess (the fact that approximately twice as many meteorites fall in the afternoon as in the morning) and suggested that the afternoon excess is an observational artifact; here it is shown that the afternoon excess is in fact consistent with the transport of meteorites by way of chaotic zones in the asteroid belt. By studying models with and without the inner planets it is found that the inner planets significantly speed up the transport of meteorites.
Barley transcriptome analyses upon interaction with different aphid species identify thionins contributing to resistance
Authors: Escudero‐Martinez C.M. , Morris J.A. , Hedley P.E. , Bos J.I.B. 
Published: April 2017

AbstractAphids are phloem‐feeding insects that cause yield loss on a wide range of crops, including cereals such as barley. Whilst most aphid species are limited to one or few host species, some are able to reproduce on many plants belonging to different families. Interestingly, aphid probing behaviour can be observed on both host and non‐host species, indicating that interactions take place at the molecular level that may impact host range. Here, we aimed to gain insight into the interaction of barley with aphid species differing in their ability to infest this crop by analysing transcriptional responses. Firstly, we determined colonization efficiency, settlement and probing behaviour for the aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi, Myzus persicae and Myzus cerasi, which defined host, poor‐host and non‐host interactions, respectively. Analyses of barley transcriptional responses revealed gene sets differentially regulated upon the different barley–aphid interactions and showed that the poor‐host interaction with M. persicae resulted in the strongest regulation of genes. Interestingly, we identified several thionin genes strongly up‐regulated upon interaction with M. persicae, and to a lesser extent upon R. padi interaction. Ectopic expression of two of these genes in Nicotiana benthamiana reduced host susceptibility to M. persicae, indicating that thionins contribute to defences against aphids.
Poor sleep quality has an adverse effect on childhood asthma control and lung function measures
Authors: Sheen Youn Ho , Choi Sun Hee , Jang Sun Jung , Baek Ji Hyeon , Jee Hye Mi , Kim Mi Ae , Chae Kyu Young , Han Man Yong 
Published: April 2017

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear as to whether sleep respiratory breathing disorder (SRBD) is a risk factor for uncontrolled asthma in children. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate whether SRBD may have an adverse effect on childhood asthma control and lung function measures.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study of 220 children with well‐controlled (n = 108), partly controlled (n = 92), and uncontrolled asthma (n = 20) according to the Global Initiative for Asthma guideline. SRBD was assessed using the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ). The association of SRBD with partly controlled/uncontrolled asthma was investigated on multivariate logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf 220 children with asthma, 43 (19.6%) had SRBD: well‐controlled, 16.7% (18/108); partly controlled, 21.7% (20/92); and uncontrolled, 25.0% (5/20; P = 0.54). There was a significant difference in forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC; P = 0.007) and childhood asthma control test (C‐ACT) score (P < 0.001) according to asthma control status, but not in PSQ score (P = 0.18). Children with obstructive sleep apnea (PSQ >0.33) had a lower C‐ACT score compared with controls (PSQ ≤0.33; 19.6 ± 5.1 vs 22.0 ± 4.2, P = 0.002). PSQ score was negatively correlated with FEV1/FVC (r = −0.16, P = 0.02). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, high PSQ score increased the odds of having partly controlled/uncontrolled asthma by 9.12 (95% CI: 1.04–79.72, P = 0.046) after adjusting for confounding factors.ConclusionSRBD is an independent risk factor for partly controlled/uncontrolled asthma and has an adverse effect on lung function measures in children. Further research is warranted to determine whether the improvement of sleep quality may also enhance level of asthma control and lung function in children.
Mating alters the link between movement activity and pattern in the red flour beetle
Authors: Wexler Yonatan , Wertheimer Keren‐Or , Subach Aziz , Pruitt Jonathan N. , Scharf Inon 
Published: April 2017

AbstractMating in arthropods is costly and has negative effects on survival. Such effects are often more strongly expressed when individuals are simultaneously exposed to other stress sources. Consequently, the behaviour of virgin and mated individuals often differs. Mated females, for example, search for suitable oviposition sites, whereas virgin females search more for mates. In the present study, we examine the effect of mating separately for females and males on four key behaviours of the red flour beetles: movement activity, movement along the edges of an arena, latency to emerge from shelter and preference for dark microhabitat. After mating, both sexes increase their activity at the same time as moving less along the arena edge, leading to a change in movement pattern. Females possibly change their movement pattern to locate suitable oviposition sites, whereas males perhaps do so to detect additional females with which to mate. Latency to emerge from shelter and dark preference are not influenced by mating, although they increase when measured again after 1 week. Of these behaviours, only movement activity is consistent at the individual level. We also examine whether mating incurs a cost as expressed in the time required to recover from a chill‐coma. The latter is a common proxy of cold tolerance in ectotherms. By contrast to our prediction, mating has no effect on chill‐coma recovery time, suggesting that either a single mating event does not incur sufficient stress or that there is possibly no trade‐off between the energetic cost of mating and of cold tolerance.
Clinical methods of cryopreservation for donor lymphocyte infusions vary in their ability to preserve functional T‐cell subpopulations
Authors: Worsham D. Nicole , Reems Jo‐Anna , Szczepiorkowski Zbigniew M. , McKenna David H. , Leemhuis Thomas , Mathew Aby J. , Cancelas Jose A. ,   Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative Group
Published: April 2017

BACKGROUNDCryopreserved donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) products are manufactured and administered to treat relapse after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Reported clinical responses to DLIs vary broadly, even within the same group of patients. While there is an implicit recognition of the fact that different manufacturing protocols may have specific effects on different cell types, cryopreservation protocols are frequently derived from our experience in the cryopreservation of stem cell products and do not account for the heterogeneous functional nature of DLI T‐cell populations. Here, we report the results of a prospective, multicenter trial on the effect of four different cryopreservation solutions that were used to freeze DLIs compared to control DLIs that were refrigerated overnight.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODSCryopreserved postthawed and refrigerated specimens were analyzed side by side for their T‐cell subpopulation content and viability, as well as T‐cell proliferation, cytokine secretion, and cytotoxic activities.RESULTSThis study indicates that “homemade” 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) results in reduced viability of different CD4+ T‐cell populations, including T‐helper, T‐cytotoxic, and T‐regulatory populations, and a decrease in their proliferative and cytotoxic response to immunologically relevant stimuli, while the use of solutions containing 5% DMSO with intracellular‐like cryoprotectant stabilizers maintains T‐cell function at levels similar to refrigerated control samples.CONCLUSIONThis study has important implications in determining the best cryoprotectant solution for specific clinical applications in allogeneic immunotherapy.
Reviewer Acknowledgements
Authors: Gibbs Nikki 
Published: April 2017

Applied Economics and Finance (AEF) would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether AEF publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issue.Reviewers for Volume 4, Number 3Abbas Khandan, Hafez boulevard, IranAli Massoud, Sohag University, EgyptAndrey Kudryavtsev, The Max Stern Yezreel Valley Academic College, IsraelAnna Jedrzychowska, Wroclaw University, PolandArash Riasi, University of Delaware, USAAsad K. Ghalib, Liverpool Hope University, UKAyoub Taha Sidahmed, SIU, SudanDilshodjon Rakhmonov, Tashkent State University of Economics, UzbekistanHe Nie, Jinan University, ChinaIgor Matyushenko, School of Foreign Economic Relations and Touristic Business, UkraineJose Solana Ibañez, Centro Universitario de la Defensa, SpainKembo Bwana, College of Business Education, TanzaniaLuca Giordano, IOSCO (International Organization of Securities Commissions), ItalyMagdalena Radulescu, University of Pitesti, RomaniaMagdalena Zioło, University of Szczecin, PolandMohammed Alkali Yusuf, Waziri Umaru Federal Polytechnic, NigeriaPatrycja Kowalczyk-Rolczynska, Wroclaw University of Economics, PolandPayal Chadha, University of Wales Prifysgol Cymru, KuwaitSherry Jensen, Florida Institute of Technology, USASorin Gabriel Anton, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iaşi, RomaniaSzabolcs Blazsek, Universidad Francisco Marroquín, GuatemalaTaro Abe, Nagoya Gakuin University, Department of Economics, JapanY. Saidi, M’sila University, Algeria Nikki GibbsEditorial AssistantOn behalf of,The Editorial Board of Applied Economics and FinanceRedfame Publishing9450 SW Gemini Dr. #99416Beaverton, OR 97008, USAURL: http://aef.redfame.com
Complete Genome Sequence of
Tessaracoccus
sp. Strain T2.5-30 Isolated from 139.5 Meters Deep on the Subsurface of the Iberian Pyritic Belt
Authors: Leandro Tânia , da Costa Milton S. , Sanz Jose L. , Amils Ricardo 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of
Tessaracoccus
sp. strain T2.5-30, which consists of a chromosome with 3.2 Mbp, 70.4% G+C content, and 3,005 coding DNA sequences. The strain was isolated from a rock core retrieved at a depth of 139.5 m in the subsurface of the Iberian Pyritic Belt (Spain).
Draft Genome Sequence of
Exiguobacterium
sp. HVEsp1, a Thermophilic Bacterium Isolated from a Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent in the Okinawa Trough
Authors: Chen Chen , Sun Li 
Published: April 2017

ABSTRACT

We report here the draft genome sequence of
Exiguobacterium
sp. HVEsp1, a thermophilic bacterium isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent. The estimated genome size of this strain is 2,838,499 bp with a G+C content of 48.2%. The genome sequence data provide valuable information that will facilitate studies on the adaptation mechanisms of bacteria living in deep-sea hydrothermal vents.