bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preliminary indications of the effect of a brief yoga intervention on markers of inflammation and DNA methylation in chronically stressed women
Authors: Harkess K N , Ryan J , Delfabbro P H , Cohen-Woods S 
Published: November 2016

AbstractYoga is associated with reduced stress and increased well-being, although the molecular basis for these benefits is not clear. Mounting evidence implicates the immune response, with current studies focused on protein immune markers (such as cytokines) in clinical populations. To explore the molecular impact, this pilot study uses a subsample (n=28) from a randomised waitlist control trial investigating the impact of an 8-week yoga intervention in a community population of women reporting psychological distress (N=116). We measured interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and C-reactive protein (CRP) protein levels, and the DNA methylation of these genes and the global indicator, LINE-1. Correlations between these and psychological variables were explored, identifying moderate correlations with CRP protein levels, and methylation of IL-6, CRP and LINE-1. Many cytokine samples were below detection, however a Mann–Whitney U demonstrated a trend of moderate between-group effect for elevated IL-6 in the yoga group. Methylation analyses applied cross-sectional and non-controlled longitudinal analyses. Waist-to-height ratio and age were covaried. We demonstrated reduced methylation of the TNF region in the yoga group relative to the waitlist control group. No other genes demonstrated a significant difference. Longitudinal analysis further supported these results. This study is one of the first to explore yoga and immunological markers in a non-clinical population, and is the first study to explore DNA methylation. These findings indicate that further research into molecular impact of yoga on markers of immune function is warranted, with larger studies required.
Elevated brain lactate in schizophrenia: a 7 T magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
Authors: Rowland L M , Pradhan S , Korenic S , Wijtenburg S A , Hong L E , Edden R A , Barker P B 
Published: November 2016

AbstractVarious lines of evidence suggest that brain bioenergetics and mitochondrial function may be altered in schizophrenia. On the basis of prior phosphorus-31 (31P)-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), post-mortem and preclinical studies, this study was designed to test the hypothesis that abnormal glycolysis leads to elevated lactate concentrations in subjects with schizophrenia. The high sensitivity of 7 Tesla proton (1H)-MRS was used to measure brain lactate levelsin vivo. Twenty-nine controls and 27 participants with schizophrenia completed the study. MRS scanning was conducted on a Philips ‘Achieva’ 7T scanner, and spectra were acquired from a voxel in the anterior cingulate cortex. Patients were assessed for psychiatric symptom severity, and all participants completed the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) and University of California, San Diego Performance-Based Skills Assessment (UPSA). The relationship between lactate, psychiatric symptom severity, MCCB and UPSA was examined. Lactate was significantly higher in patients compared with controls (P=0.013). Higher lactate was associated with lower MCCB (r=−0.36,P=0.01) and UPSA total scores (r=−0.43,P=0.001). We believe this is the first study to report elevatedin vivocerebral lactate levels in schizophrenia. Elevated lactate levels in schizophrenia may reflect increased anaerobic glycolysis possibly because of mitochondrial dysfunction. This study also suggests that altered cerebral bioenergetics contribute to cognitive and functional impairments in schizophrenia.
Rectangular waveguide coupler with adjustable coupling coefficient using gap waveguide technology
Authors: Sun Dongquan , Xu Jinping 
Published: November 2016

Gap waveguide is a promising alternative to traditional waveguide. One of the most important advantages of gap waveguide is that electrical contact between its subcomponents is not necessary. Therefore, it is flexible to adjust its performance by replacing part components of it without the need of reassembling the entire circuit. A slot coupled narrow‐wall rectangular waveguide coupler with adjustable coupling coefficient is presented. Coupling slots with different inclined angles are realised in the replaceable narrow‐wall coupling plate. By changing the coupling plate, the coupling coefficient can be adjusted flexibly. Corrugated edges are loaded on both sides of the replaceable plate to eliminate resonance maybe excited between the fixed metal plate and replaceable plate. A Ka‐band prototype working at the frequency band from 30 to 40 GHz is successfully designed, manufactured and tested. Two replaceable coupling plates with coupling slots inclined of 15° and 45° are manufactured. The measured average coupling coefficient is, respectively, 18.5 and 9 dB. The measured return loss is >17 dB from 30 to 36.5 GHz and >12 dB from 36.5 to 40 GHz. The simulated and measured results agree well.
Selective lesion of the hippocampus increases the differentiation of immature neurons in the monkey amygdala
Authors: Chareyron Loïc J. , Amaral David G. , Lavenex Pierre 
Published: November 2016

Significance
A large population of immature neurons has been reported in the ventromedial portion of the adult primate amygdala. Here, we show that selective hippocampal lesions lead to an increase in mature neuron numbers in the monkey amygdala. After adult lesions, the differentiation of immature neurons was essentially restricted to the paralaminar nucleus and was associated with a decrease in the population of immature neurons in the paralaminar nucleus. In contrast, after neonatal lesions, the differentiation of immature neurons involved the paralaminar, lateral, and basal nuclei, and was associated with an increase in the population of immature neurons in the paralaminar nucleus. This is unique evidence of lesion-induced alterations in the number of neurons in the nonhuman primate amygdala.
Psychopathic individuals exhibit but do not avoid regret during counterfactual decision making
Authors: Baskin-Sommers Arielle , Stuppy-Sullivan Allison M. , Buckholtz Joshua W. 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Psychopathic individuals display a chronic and flagrant disregard for social norms through their callous behavior and lack of regret for its consequences. Although psychopathy research largely attributes this to deficits in affective responsiveness, recent proposals suggest that value-based decision making may also contribute to the maladaptive behavior of psychopathic individuals. Using a counterfactual decision-making paradigm, we found that higher scores on psychopathy were associated with higher levels of retrospective regret. Despite this, however, individuals higher on psychopathy made riskier choices and were less influenced by prospective regret when making decisions. These findings support the idea that the maladaptive behavior of psychopathic individuals is related to deficits in domain-general cognitive processes, such as counterfactual decision making, rather than a primary affective deficit.
Functional split brain in a driving/listening paradigm
Authors: Sasai Shuntaro , Boly Melanie , Mensen Armand , Tononi Giulio 
Published: November 2016

SignificanceWhen one drives on an easy route and listens to a radio, it is at times as if one’s brain splits into two separate entities: one that drives and one that listens. When, instead, one drives while listening to a global positioning system, there is only one functional stream. Here, using measures of information integration, we show that a brain may functionally split into two separate “driving” and “listening” systems when the listening task is unrelated to concurrent driving, but not when the two systems are related. This finding raises the possibility that under certain conditions of daily life, a single brain may support two independent functional streams, a “functional split brain” similar to what is observed in patients with an anatomical split.
Continuous flow synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite on the order of seconds
Authors: Liu Zhendong , Okabe Kotatsu , Anand Chokkalingam , Yonezawa Yasuo , Zhu Jie , Yamada Hiroki , Endo Akira , Yanaba Yutaka , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Ohara Koji , Okubo Tatsuya , Wakihara Toru 
Published: November 2016

Significance
Zeolites have greatly contributed to modern industries. Consumption of zeolites is expected to increase with the emergence of newly commercialized applications. Typical synthesis of zeolites relies on batchwise hydrothermal synthesis, which usually takes tens of hours or even several days to complete. People have thus long believed that the crystallization of zeolites is very slow in nature. We herein demonstrate the continuous flow synthesis of ZSM-5, an industrially important zeolite, on the order of seconds. Crystallization from amorphous state to full crystallinity could be completed in tens of or even several seconds. The synthesis on the order of seconds provides a great potential to facilitate the mass production as well as to deepen the fundamental understanding of zeolite crystallization.
Assessment of River Herring Spawning Runs in a Chesapeake Bay Coastal Plain Stream using Imaging Sonar
Authors: Ogburn Matthew B. , Spires Jason , Aguilar Robert , Goodison Michael R. , Heggie Keira , Kinnebrew Eva , McBurney William , Richie Kimberly D. , Roberts Paige M. , Hines Anson H. 
Published: November 2016

AbstractRecent declines in anadromous river herring (Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus and Blueback Herring A. aestivalis) have been documented in much of their range using fishery‐independent spawning run counts. A lack of rigorous long‐term run counts and demographic data for Chesapeake Bay spawning stocks resulted in the declaration of unknown stock status in a 2012 stock assessment and made it difficult to evaluate responses to conservation and restoration efforts. The objectives of the present study were to (1) conduct the first spawning run counts of river herring in the Choptank River, Maryland, since the run counts performed over a 2‐year period in 1972 and 1973, (2) evaluate population structure and dynamics, and (3) identify environmental variables associated with run timing. Spawning runs of Alewives and Blueback Herring were recorded from March 10 to June 4, 2014, using imaging sonar and processed manually to produce hourly run counts of fish with TLs ranging from 200 to 350 mm. A total of 1,659,090 ± 91,250 fish with TLs of 200–350 mm (errors estimated using a CV of 5.5%) were estimated to swim upstream past the sonar unit. Boat electrofishing was conducted at weekly intervals to estimate species composition and obtain samples for demographic analysis. Using these species composition data to apportion run counts resulted in an estimated count of 581,275 ± 31,970 Alewives and 726,450 ± 39,955 Blueback Herring. Fish age by otolith analysis varied from 2 to 7 years and total instantaneous mortality (Z) was estimated at 1.47 (SE, 1.8 × 10−5) for Alewives and 1.91 (SE, 1.1 × 10−5) for Blueback Herring. Upstream migration occurred primarily in the afternoon and evening associated with increasing water temperature, and downstream migration occurred at low and decreasing levels of discharge. The present study established a new fishery‐independent population monitoring effort for river herring in Chesapeake Bay and identified associations between environmental drivers and upstream and downstream movements.Received March 8, 2016; accepted August 31, 2016 Published online November 29, 2016
Molecular and cellular studies on the absorption, function, and safety of food components in intestinal epithelial cells
Authors: Satsu Hideo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The intestinal tract comes into direct contact with the external environment despite being inside the body. Intestinal epithelial cells, which line the inner face of the intestinal tract, have various important functions, including absorption of food substances, immune functions such as cytokine secretion, and barrier function against xenobiotics by means of detoxification enzymes. It is likely that the functions of intestinal epithelial cells are regulated or modulated by these components because they are frequently exposed to food components at high concentrations. This review summarizes our research on the interaction between intestinal epithelial cells and food components at cellular and molecular levels. The influence of xenobiotic contamination in foods on the cellular function of intestinal epithelial cells is also described in this review.
Encounter as Process: England and Japan in the Late Sixteenth Century
Authors: Das Nandini 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTaking a cue from a fleeting reference to Japan in a remarkably idiosyncratic sixteenth-century language manual, this essay explores the knowledge about Japan that circulated in England before first formal contact took place between the two nations in 1613–14. The cumulative record of fleeting intersections and near-forgotten moments when the two nations came into each other’s circuit demands a reassessment of current conceptualizations of the travel encounter, juxtaposing the traditional view of encounter as a singular significant event, with one that acknowledges the encounter’s rootedness in long-running processes of knowledge making and circulation.
Activity measurements of the radionuclides 18F and 99mTc for the NMISA, South Africa in the ongoing comparisons BIPM.RI(II)-K4.F-18 and BIPM.RI(II)-K4.Tc-99m
Authors: Michotte C , Nonis M , Rooy M W Van , Staden M J Van , Lubbe J 
Published: November 2016

In 2015, comparisons of activity measurements of 18F and 99mTc using the Transfer Instrument of the International Reference System (SIRTI) took place at the National Metrology Institute of South Africa (NMISA, South Africa). Ampoules containing about 25 kBq of 18F and 99mTc solutions were measured in the SIRTI for more than two half-lives. The NMISA standardized the activity in the ampoules by ionization chamber measurements traceable to 4π(LS)β–γ coincidence measurements. The comparisons, identifiers BIPM.RI(II)-K4.F-18 and BIPM.RI(II)-K4.Tc-99m, are linked to the corresponding BIPM.RI(II)-K1.F-18 and BIPM.RI(II)-K1.Tc-99m comparisons and degrees of equivalence with the respective key comparison reference values have been evaluated.

Main text

To reach the main text of this paper, click on Final Report. Note that this text is that which appears in Appendix B of the BIPM key comparison database kcdb.bipm.org/.
The final report has been peer-reviewed and approved for publication by the CCRI, according to the provisions of the CIPM Mutual Recognition Arrangement (CIPM MRA).
Uric Acid and New Onset Left Ventricular Hypertrophy: Findings From the PAMELA Population
Authors: Cuspidi Cesare , Facchetti Rita , Bombelli Michele , Sala Carla , Tadic Marijana , Grassi Guido , Mancia Giuseppe 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The association between serum uric acid (SUA) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is controversial and the ability of SUA in predicting incident LVH remains unsettled. Thus, we evaluated the relationship of SUA with new-onset echocardiographic LVH over a 10-year period in subjects of the general population enrolled in the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni (PAMELA) study.

METHODS
The study included 960 subjects with normal LV mass index (LVMI) at baseline echocardiographic evaluation and a readable echocardiogram at the end of follow-up. Cut-points for LVH were derived from reference values of the healthy fraction of the PAMELA population.

RESULTS
Over a 10-year period, 258 participants (26.9%) progressed to LVH. The incidence of new-onset LVH increased from the lowest (23%) to intermediate (25%) and the highest baseline SUA tertile (32%). After adjusting for confounders (not including body mass index (BMI)), each 1 mg/dl increase in SUA entailed a 26% higher risk of incident LVH. Adjusted odd ratio of LVH risk in the highest SUA tertile was 96% higher than in the lowest tertile (odds ratio (OR) = 1.966, 95% CI = 1.158–3.339, P = 0.0123). Correction for BMI reduced the magnitude and statistical significance of ORs.

CONCLUSIONS
The study shows that SUA is a predictor of long-term echocardiographic changes from normal LVMI to LVH in a community sample. Thus, life-style and pharmacologic measures aimed to reduce SUA levels may concur to preventing LVH development in the general population.
From Care to Cure: Demonstrating a Model of Clinical Patient Navigation for Hepatitis C Care and Treatment in High-Need Patients
Authors: Ford Mary M. , Johnson Nirah , Desai Payal , Rude Eric , Laraque Fabienne 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene implemented a patient navigation program, Check Hep C, to address patient and provider barriers to hepatitis C virus (HCV) care and potentially lifesaving treatment. Services were delivered at 2 clinical care sites and 2 sites that linked patients to off-site care. Working with a multidisciplinary care team, patient navigators provided risk assessment, health education, treatment readiness and medication adherence counseling, and medication coordination. Between March 2014 and January 2015, 388 participants enrolled in Check Hep C, 129 (33%) initiated treatment, and 119 (91% of initiators) had sustained virologic response (SVR). Participants receiving on-site clinical care had higher odds of initiating treatment than those linked to off-site care. Check Hep C successfully supported high-need participants through HCV care and treatment, and SVR rates demonstrate the real-world ability of achieving high cure rates using patient navigation care models.
Establishing the Right to Bargain Collectively in Australia and the UK: Are Majority Support Determinations under Australia’s Fair Work Act a More Effective Form of Union Recognition?
Authors: Forsyth Anthony , Howe John , Gahan Peter , Landau Ingrid 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The optimal legal and institutional framework for facilitating workers’ access to collective bargaining is a central issue for labour law. Since 2009, Australian labour law has adopted a novel approach to the issue of whether workers should have the right—and employers, the obligation—to engage in collective bargaining. The Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth) (FW Act) seeks to promote collective bargaining in good faith at the enterprise level, by empowering the Fair Work Commission (FWC) to facilitate good faith bargaining and the making of enterprise agreements. One of the key mechanisms available to the FWC is the power to make a majority support determination (MSD), in situations where an employer refuses to bargain and a majority of the relevant employees want to bargain collectively. The making of an MSD then triggers a number of other obligations (including the good faith bargaining requirements) and opens the way to other forms of FWC involvement in the bargaining process. An MSD has the effect of compelling an employer to bargain collectively where it has previously refused to do so. The MSD process is therefore akin to the statutory union recognition procedure operating in the UK and the long-standing union recognition processes that apply under Canadian and US labour laws. However, the Australian iteration of these legislative attempts to address the problem of employer resistance to bargaining is distinctive because it gives the FWC considerable flexibility in the method used to determine majority support for bargaining. For example, the FW Act allows for—but does not require in all cases—a ballot of employees to be conducted in order to determine the level of support for collective negotiations. Other means of establishing employee support, such as petitions, are also permitted. This potentially avoids some of the problems that have affected ballot-based union recognition systems. This article focuses on the operation of the MSD mechanism over the period 1 July 2009–30 June 2015. The article provides some background to the development of the MSD provisions in the FW Act by the former Labor Government. This is followed by an examination of the MSD provisions in the overall context of the FW Act bargaining regime, and their operation in practice, including some comparisons with the main elements of the UK statutory union recognition procedure. The article concludes with some observations about the effectiveness of MSDs in comparison with the statutory recognition procedure in the UK.
Blood Gene Signatures of Chagas Cardiomyopathy With or Without Ventricular Dysfunction
Authors: Ferreira Ludmila Rodrigues Pinto , Ferreira Frederico Moraes , Nakaya Helder Imoto , Deng Xutao , Cândido Darlan da Silva , de Oliveira Lea Campos , Billaud Jean-Noel , Lanteri Marion C , Rigaud Vagner Oliveira-Carvalho , Seielstad Mark , Kalil Jorge , Fernandes Fabio , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz P , Sabino Ester Cerdeira , Cunha-Neto Edecio 
Published: November 2016

AbstractChagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects 7 million people in Latin American areas of endemicity. About 30% of infected patients will develop chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC), an inflammatory cardiomyopathy characterized by hypertrophy, fibrosis, and myocarditis. Further studies are necessary to understand the molecular mechanisms of disease progression. Transcriptome analysis has been increasingly used to identify molecular changes associated with disease outcomes. We thus assessed the whole-blood transcriptome of patients with Chagas disease. Microarray analysis was performed on blood samples from 150 subjects, of whom 30 were uninfected control patients and 120 had Chagas disease (1 group had asymptomatic disease, and 2 groups had CCC with either a preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]). Each Chagas disease group displayed distinct gene expression and functional pathway profiles. The most different expression patterns were between CCC groups with a preserved or reduced LVEF. A more stringent analysis indicated that 27 differentially expressed genes, particularly those related to natural killer (NK)/CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity, separated the 2 groups. NK/CD8+ T-cell cytotoxicity could play a role in determining Chagas disease progression. Understanding genes associated with disease may lead to improved insight into CCC pathogenesis and the identification of prognostic factors for CCC progression.