bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Balance Tests to Discriminate Between Participants With a Recent Index Lateral Ankle Sprain and Healthy Control Participants: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Pourkazemi Fereshteh , Hiller Claire , Raymond Jacqueline , Black Deborah , Nightingale Elizabeth , Refshauge Kathryn 
Published: September 2016

The first step to identifying factors that increase the risk of recurrent ankle sprains is to identify impairments after a first sprain and compare performance with individuals who have never sustained a sprain. Few researchers have restricted recruitment to a homogeneous group of patients with first sprains, thereby introducing the potential for confounding.Context:To identify impairments that differ in participants with a recent index lateral ankle sprain versus participants with no history of ankle sprain.Objective:Cross-sectional study.Design:We recruited a sample of convenience from May 2010 to April 2013 that included 70 volunteers (age = 27.4 ± 8.3 years, height = 168.7 ± 9.5 cm, mass = 65.0 ± 12.5 kg) serving as controls and 30 volunteers (age = 31.1 ± 13.3 years, height = 168.3 ± 9.1 cm, mass = 67.3 ± 13.7 kg) with index ankle sprains.Patients or Other Participants:We collected demographic and physical performance variables, including ankle-joint range of motion, balance (time to balance after perturbation, Star Excursion Balance Test, foot lifts during single-legged stance, demi-pointe balance test), proprioception, motor planning, inversion-eversion peak power, and timed stair tests. Discriminant analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between explanatory variables and sprain status. Sequential discriminant analysis was performed to identify the most relevant variables that explained the greatest variance.Main Outcome Measure(s):The average time since the sprain was 3.5 ± 1.5 months. The model, including all variables, correctly predicted a sprain status of 77% (n = 23) of the sprain group and 80% (n = 56) of the control group and explained 40% of the variance between groups ( = 42.16, P = .03). Backward stepwise discriminant analysis revealed associations between sprain status and only 2 tests: Star Excursion Balance Test in the anterior direction and foot lifts during single-legged stance ( = 15.2, P = .001). These 2 tests explained 15% of the between-groups variance and correctly predicted group membership of 63% (n = 19) of the sprain group and 69% (n = 48) of the control group.Results:Balance impairments were associated with a recent first ankle sprain, but proprioception, motor control, power, and function were not.Conclusions:
Analysis of Injury Incidences in Male Professional Adult and Elite Youth Soccer Players: A Systematic Review
Authors: Pfirrmann Daniel , Herbst Mark , Ingelfinger Patrick , Simon Perikles , Tug Suzan 
Published: September 2016

Context: The incidence of injury for elite youth and professional adult soccer players is an important concern, but the risk factors for these groups are different.Objective: To summarize and compare the injury incidences and injury characteristics of male professional adult and elite youth soccer players.Data Sources: We searched MEDLINE and Web of Science using the search terms elite, international, European, soccer, football, injury, injuries, epidemiology, incidence, prevalence, not female, not American football, and not rugby. We also used the search terms professional for studies on professional adult soccer players and high-level, soccer academy, youth, adolescent, and young for studies on elite youth soccer players.Study Selection: Eligible studies were published in English, had a prospective cohort design, and had a minimum study period of 6 months. To ensure that injury data were assessed in relationship to the athlete's individual exposure, we included only studies that reported on injuries and documented exposure volume.Data Extraction: Two independent reviewers applied the selection criteria and assessed the quality of the studies.Data Synthesis: A total of 676 studies were retrieved from the literature search. Eighteen articles met the inclusion criteria: 6 for elite youth and 12 for professional adult soccer players.Conclusions: Injury rates were higher for matches than for training for both youth and adult players. Youth players had a higher incidence of training injuries than professionals. Efforts must be made to reduce the overall injury rate in matches. Therefore, preventive interventions, such as adequately enforcing rules and focusing on fair play, must be analyzed and developed to reduce match-related injury incidences. Reducing training injuries should be a particular focus for youth soccer players.
Comparison of Gastrointestinal and Rectal Temperatures During Recovery After a Warm-Weather Road Race
Authors: Hosokawa Yuri , Adams William M. , Stearns Rebecca L. , Casa Douglas J. 
Published: September 2016

Context: It has been well established that gastrointestinal temperature (TGI) tracks closely with rectal temperature (TREC) during exercise. However, the field use of TGI pills is still being examined, and little is known about how measurements obtained using these devices compare during recovery after exercise in warm weather.
Objective: To compare TGI and TREC in runners who completed an 11.3-km warm-weather road race and determine if runners with higher TGI and TREC present with greater passive cooling rates during recovery.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: Field.
Patients or Other Participants: Thirty recreationally active runners (15 men, 15 women; age = 39 ± 11 years, weight = 68.3 ± 11.7 kg, body fat = 19.2% ± 5.0%).
Main Outcome Measure(s): The TGI and TREC were obtained immediately after the race and during a 20-minute passive rest at the 2014 Falmouth Road Race (heat index = 26.2°C ± 0.9°C). Temperatures were taken every 2 minutes during passive rest. The main dependent variables were mean bias and limits of agreement for TGI and TREC, using Bland-Altman analysis, and the 20-minute passive cooling rates for TGI and TREC.
Results: No differences were evident between TGI and TREC throughout passive rest (P = .542). The passive cooling rates for TGI and TREC were 0.046 ± 0.031°C·min−1 and 0.060 ± 0.036°C·min−1, respectively. Runners with higher TGI and TREC at the start of cooling had higher cooling rates (R = 0.682, P &lt; .001 and R = 0.54, P = .001, respectively). The mean bias of TGI during the 20-minute passive rest was −0.06°C ± 0.56°C with 95% limits of agreement of ±1.09°C.
Conclusions: After participants completed a warm-weather road race, TGI provided a valid measure of body temperature compared with the criterion measure of TREC. Therefore, TGI may be a viable option for monitoring postexercise-induced hyperthermia, if the pill is administered prophylactically.
Football Players' Head-Impact Exposure After Limiting of Full-Contact Practices
Authors: Broglio Steven P. , Williams Richelle M. , O'Connor Kathryn L. , Goldstick Jason 
Published: September 2016

Context: Sporting organizations limit full-contact football practices to reduce concussion risk and based on speculation that repeated head impacts may result in long-term neurodegeneration.
Objective: To directly compare head-impact exposure in high school football players before and after a statewide restriction on full-contact practices.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Setting: High school football field.
Patients or Other Participants: Participants were varsity football athletes from a single high school. Before the rule change, 26 athletes (age = 16.2 ± 0.8 years, height = 179.6 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 81.9 ± 13.1 kg) participated. After the rule change, 24 athletes (age = 15.9 ± 0.8 years, height = 178.3 ± 6.5 cm, weight = 76.2 ± 11.6 kg) participated. Nine athletes participated in both years of the investigation.
Main Outcome Measure(s): Head-impact exposure was monitored using the Head Impact Telemetry System while the athletes participated in football games and practices in the seasons before and after the rule change. Head-impact frequency, location, and magnitude (ie, linear acceleration, rotational acceleration, and Head Impact Telemetry severity profile [HITsp], respectively) were measured.
Results: A total of 15 398 impacts (592 impacts per player per season) were captured before the rule change and 8269 impacts (345 impacts per player per season) after the change. An average 42% decline in impact exposure occurred across all players, with practice-exposure declines occurring among linemen (46% decline); receivers, cornerbacks, and safeties (41% decline); and tight ends, running backs (including fullbacks), and linebackers (39% decline). Impact magnitudes remained largely unchanged between the years.
Conclusions: A rule change limiting full-contact high school football practices appears to have been effective in reducing head-impact exposure across all players, with the largest reduction occurring among linemen. This finding is likely associated with the rule modification, particularly because the coaching staff and offensive scheme remained consistent, yet how this reduction influences concussion risk and long-term cognitive health remains unknown.
Retention Initiatives Used by Professional Bachelor's Athletic Training Program Directors
Authors: Bowman Thomas G. , Mazerolle Stephanie M. , Dodge Thomas M. 
Published: September 2016

Context: Retaining athletic training students has been identified as problematic by approximately half of athletic training program (ATP) directors. It is unknown what ATP directors do to improve athletic training student retention.Objective: To identify initiatives that ATP directors use to improve the retention rates of athletic training students in their programs.Design: Qualitative study.Setting: Undergraduate ATPs.Patients or Other Participants: We asked directors of ATPs across the nation to complete an Internet questionnaire. We obtained responses from 171 out of 343 ATP directors (51.6%). In addition, we completed follow-up interviews with 16 randomly selected ATP directors.Main Outcome Measure(s): During the online questionnaire, we asked ATP directors to describe any specific initiatives they or their ATP used that were aimed at retaining athletic training students and ideally what they would like to do to improve athletic training student retention at their institution. During the follow-up telephone interviews, we asked participants to further describe their retention strategies and other techniques not already mentioned in their questionnaire responses to gain further insight. We used a general inductive approach to analyze the data and performed multiple-analyst triangulation, member checks, and a peer review to ensure the trustworthiness of the analysis and results.Results: During data analysis, we identified 3 themes that highlight the ATP directors' initiatives to retain athletic training students. Directors discussed fostering a family atmosphere, strategic planning, and having resources available to support students as ways to improve retention.Conclusions: Athletic training program directors are encouraged to integrate students into their programs early through informal and formal participation opportunities, evaluate student potential prior to formal admissions, plausibly through an interview process, and educate students on scholarship opportunities to help offset tuition and fees associated with program completion.
Human Become Coin: Neoliberalism, Anthropology, and Human Possibilities in No Country for Old Men
Authors: Elmore Jonathan , Elmore Rick 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
No Country for Old Men figures the convergence of economics and human nature as the emergence of a new kind of humanity arising from a shift in economic processes. Key to this shift is the conviction that market logic governs human nature, social decision-making, and reality itself. We show how No Country For Old Men details the anthropology of neoliberalism both in the character of Chigurh and in its framing of the characters and narrative of the novel as a whole. In doing so, we unify for the first time two dominant themes in McCarthy scholarship: human nature and economics.
Anna and The Antichrist: Nietzsche, Christian Symbolism, and Vedantic Philosophy in “Anna Christie”
Authors: Thornton Ryder 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
The religious themes in “Anna Christie” reflect O'Neill's synthesis of disparate influences: his Catholic heritage, his enthusiasm for Nietzsche, and his growing interest in Eastern philosophy. This article examines each of these aspects as well as the historic context in which O'Neill transformed his earlier play, Chris Christophersen, into “Anna Christie.” That context includes the 1920 publication of H. L. Mencken's translation of The Antichrist, which may have reconnected O'Neill to Nietzsche's ideas as he was rewriting his play. Christian symbolism in “Anna Christie,” largely inspired by the communion prayer Anima Christi, reflects O'Neill's connection to his father while simultaneously expressing his alignment with Nietzsche's critique of Christianity's moral and metaphysical decadence. O'Neill also explores counterpoints to Christianity by drawing from the principles of Hinduism and Vedantic thought in constructing his metaphor of the sea.
Intercultural Administration of International Students A Case Study at Jinan University
Authors: Wen Lixia 
Published: September 2016

<p>Cultural differences among international students refer to their differences in beliefs, values, understandings, behavioral codes, manners, and customs. Because of these cultural differences, it is important to take interculture into consideration and take appropriate actions in the teaching and administration of international students. From the perspective of interculture, the paper discusses the teaching and administration of international students in China, based on a case study at Jinan University. It highlights the characteristics between the East and West through the students’ interactions within the different cultures, and attempts to put forward feasible solutions to the cultural adaptability of international students. I (or we, depending on the number of the authors) argue that the education and administration of international students is a kind of intercultural education and administration, and a kind of service-oriented education and administration model. </p>
Offering the Model of Structural Equations for the Parameters of Leadership Thinking, Communication and Meritocracy in Training of the Organizational Leaders of Oil Company
Authors: Rahimian Hamid , Arash Majid , Abbaspour Abbas , Delavar Ali 
Published: September 2016

<p>Organizations can be regarded as one of the main social foundations in the present age and management can be one of the most important factors of life, growth, and flourishing of the organizations. The issue of training of leaders has complicated and mixed dimensions and identity, therefore there is not a deep understanding of the concept among most of the administrators and also in the research – scientific centers level. This paper aims to offer a model of the structural equations of the consisting variables of the core concept (leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy). In this research, the analytical – descriptive method was used to offer the model of structural equations for the parameters of leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy in the training of the organizational leaders of Oil Company. The statistical population includes top, middle and first line managers of Oil Company and the questionnaires were prepared randomly by sampling and according to the Morgan table for 384 subjects. Quantitative analyze of data were performed by SPSS software version 19, and the structural equations were analyzed by the 8/7 LISREL software. Finally, the effect of each of the variables of leadership thinking, communication, and meritocracy on the main variable of core concept was determined by the offered structural model. The model reliability was confirmed by the goodness of fit indices.<span style="font-size: 10px;"> </span></p>
Periodontal Tissue Regeneration Using Syngeneic Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells in a Mouse Model
Authors: Lemaitre Mathieu , Monsarrat Paul , Blasco-Baque Vincent , Loubières Pascale , Burcelin Rémy , Casteilla Louis , Planat-Bénard Valérie , Kémoun Philippe 
Published: September 2016

Abstract
Current treatment of periodontitis is still associated with a high degree of variability in clinical outcomes. Recent advances in regenerative medicine by mesenchymal cells, including adipose stromal cells (ASC) have paved the way to improved periodontal regeneration (PD) but little is known about the biological processes involved. Here, we aimed to use syngeneic ASCs for periodontal regeneration in a new, relevant, bacteria-induced periodontitis model in mice. Periodontal defects were induced in female C57BL6/J mice by oral gavage with periodontal pathogens. We grafted 2 × 105 syngeneic mouse ASCs expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) (GFP+/ASC) within a collagen vehicle in the lingual part of the first lower molar periodontium (experimental) while carrier alone was implanted in the contralateral side (control). Animals were sacrificed 0, 1, 6, and 12 weeks after treatment by GFP+/ASC or vehicle graft, and microscopic examination, immunofluorescence, and innovative bio-informatics histomorphometry methods were used to reveal deep periodontium changes. From 1 to 6 weeks after surgery, GFP+ cells were identified in the periodontal ligament (PDL), in experimental sites only. After 12 weeks, cementum regeneration, the organization of PDL fibers, the number of PD vessels, and bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteopontin expression were greater in experimental sites than in controls. Specific stromal cell subsets were recruited in the newly formed tissue in ASC-implanted periodontium only. These data suggest that ASC grafting in diseased deep periodontium, relevant to human pathology, induces a significant improvement of the PDL microenvironment, leading to a recovery of tooth-supporting tissue homeostasis.
Formation of the Sputnik Planum basin and the thickness of Pluto's subsurface ocean
Authors: Johnson Brandon C. , Bowling Timothy J. , Trowbridge Alexander J. , Freed Andrew M. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractWe simulate the formation of the large elliptical impact basin associated with Pluto's Sputnik Planum (SP; informal name). The location of SP suggests that it represents a large positive mass anomaly. To find the conditions necessary for SP to have a positive mass anomaly, we consider impacts into targets with a range of thermal states and ocean thicknesses. Assuming the basin evolves to its current‐day configuration, we calculate the mass and gravity anomalies associated with SP. We find that SP can only achieve a large positive mass anomaly if Pluto has a more than 100 km thick salty ocean. This conclusion may help us better understand the composition and thermal evolution of Pluto. Furthermore, our work supports the hypothesis that SP basin has an impact origin.
Variability, trends, and predictability of seasonal sea ice retreat and advance in the Chukchi Sea
Authors: Serreze Mark C. , Crawford Alex D. , Stroeve Julienne C. , Barrett Andrew P. , Woodgate Rebecca A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAs assessed over the period 1979–2014, the date that sea ice retreats to the shelf break (150 m contour) of the Chukchi Sea has a linear trend of −0.7 days per year. The date of seasonal ice advance back to the shelf break has a steeper trend of about +1.5 days per year, together yielding an increase in the open water period of 80 days. Based on detrended time series, we ask how interannual variability in advance and retreat dates relate to various forcing parameters including radiation fluxes, temperature and wind (from numerical reanalyses), and the oceanic heat inflow through the Bering Strait (from in situ moorings). Of all variables considered, the retreat date is most strongly correlated (r ∼ 0.8) with the April through June Bering Strait heat inflow. After testing a suite of statistical linear models using several potential predictors, the best model for predicting the date of retreat includes only the April through June Bering Strait heat inflow, which explains 68% of retreat date variance. The best model predicting the ice advance date includes the July through September inflow and the date of retreat, explaining 67% of advance date variance. We address these relationships by discussing heat balances within the Chukchi Sea, and the hypothesis of oceanic heat transport triggering ocean heat uptake and ice‐albedo feedback. Developing an operational prediction scheme for seasonal retreat and advance would require timely acquisition of Bering Strait heat inflow data. Predictability will likely always be limited by the chaotic nature of atmospheric circulation patterns.
Regioselective 5‐endo‐dig Electrophilic Iodocyclization of Enediynes: A Convenient Route to Iodo‐substituted Indenes and Cyclopenta‐Fused Arenes
Authors: Saunthwal Rakesh K. , Danodia Abhinandan K. , Patel Monika , Kumar Sushil , Verma Akhilesh K. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAn efficient iodine‐mediated regioselective tandem approach for the synthesis of symmetric and asymmetric iodo‐substituted indenes and stereoselective cyclopenta [b]pyridine/thiophenes from easily accessible enediynes that proceeds by in situ formation of an iodonium intermediate followed by a regioselective 5‐endo‐dig cyclization has been described. The intramolecular electrophilic iodocyclization was selectively triggered by a distribution of electronic density along the alkyne bond. Subsequently, the iodo‐substituted indenes were diversified by employing palladium‐catalyzed cross‐coupling reactions and the coupled products were further confirmed by X‐ray crystallographic studies.
Synthesis of 3D Flower‐like Nanocomposites of Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets Embedded with Hollow Cobalt(II,III) Oxide Nanospheres for Lithium Storage
Authors: Yang Qi , Zhao Zongbin , Dong Yanfeng , Liu Yang , Liu Xu , Tang Yongchao , Wang Yuwei , Wang Xuzhen , Qiu Jieshan 
Published: September 2016

AbstractDespite a high theoretical specific capacity (890 mA h g−1) as an anode material for Li‐ion batteries, Co3O4 has not been used in practice due to its inferior mechanical stability and poor electrical conductivity. Herein, we synthesized three‐dimensional (3D) flower‐like nanocomposites consisting of nitrogen‐doped carbon nanosheets decorated with hollow Co3O4 nanospheres (H‐Co3O4@N‐CNSs) with an ultrahigh loading mass (83 wt %) of Co3O4. The H‐Co3O4@N‐CNSs exhibited excellent performance of 750 mA h g−1 at 500 mA g−1 and 700 mA h g−1 at 1000 mA g−1 after 400 cycles and a high capacity retention rate of 93.75 % at 500 mA g−1. This excellent electrochemical performance was attributed to a synergistic effect between the hollow Co3O4 nanospheres, the N‐doped carbon nanosheets, and the pores between adjacent carbon nanosheets. Our suggested fabrication strategy for creating a hierarchical structure has great potential for the design of high‐performance anode materials.