bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Use and Risk of Suicide Death
Authors: Ueda Peter , Söderling Jonas , Wintzell Viktor , Svanström Henrik , Pazzagli Laura , Eliasson Björn , Melbye Mads , Hviid Anders , Pasternak Björn 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceConcerns have been raised regarding a link between use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists and increased risk of suicidality and self-harm.ObjectiveTo assess the association between use of GLP-1 receptor agonists and the risk of suicide death in routine clinical practice.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis active-comparator new-user cohort study used nationwide register data from Sweden and Denmark from 2013 to 2021. Adults 18 to 84 years old who initiated treatment with GLP-1 receptor agonists or the comparator sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors were included. Data were analyzed from March to June 2024.ExposureInitiation of treatment with a GLP-1 receptor agonist or SGLT2 inhibitor.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was suicide death recorded in the cause of death registers. Secondary outcomes were the composite of suicide death and nonfatal self-harm and the composite of incident depression and anxiety-related disorders. Using propensity score weighting, hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs were calculated separately in the 2 countries and pooled in a meta-analysis.ResultsIn total, 124 517 adults initiated a GLP-1 receptor agonist and 174 036 initiated an SGLT2 inhibitor; among GLP-1 receptor agonist users, the mean (SD) age was 60 (13) years, and 45% were women. During a mean (SD) follow-up of 2.5 (1.7) years, 77 suicide deaths occurred among users of GLP-1 receptor agonists and 71 suicide deaths occurred among users of SGLT2 inhibitors: weighted incidences were 0.23 vs 0.18 events per 1000 person-years (HR, 1.25; 95% CI, 0.83-1.88), with an absolute difference of 0.05 (95% CI, −0.03 to 0.16) events per 1000 person-years. The HR was 0.83 (95% CI, 0.70-0.97) for suicide death and nonfatal self-harm, and the HR was 1.01 (95% CI, 0.97-1.06) for incident depression and anxiety-related disorders.Conclusions and RelevanceThis cohort study, including mostly patients with type 2 diabetes, does not show an association between use of GLP-1 receptor agonists and an increased risk of suicide death, self-harm, or incident depression and anxiety-related disorders. Suicide death among GLP-1 receptor agonist users was rare, and the upper limit of the confidence interval was compatible with an absolute risk increase of no more than 0.16 events per 1000 person-years.
Screen Use at Bedtime and Sleep Duration and Quality Among Youths
Authors: Brosnan Bradley , Haszard Jillian J. , Meredith-Jones Kim A. , Wickham Shay-Ruby , Galland Barbara C. , Taylor Rachael W. 
Published: September 2024

ImportanceAlthough questionnaire-based cross-sectional research suggests that screen time before bed correlates with poor sleep, self-reported data seem unlikely to capture the complexity of modern screen use, requiring objective night-by-night measures to advance this field.ObjectiveTo examine whether evening screen time is associated with sleep duration and quality that night in youths.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis repeated-measures cohort study was performed from March to December 2021 in participant homes in Dunedin, New Zealand. Participants included healthy youths aged 11 to 14.9 years. Data were analyzed from October to November 2023.ExposureObjectively measured screen time, captured using wearable or stationary video cameras from 2 hours before bedtime until the first time the youth attempted sleep (shut-eye time) over 4 nonconsecutive nights. Video data were coded using a reliable protocol (κ = 0.92) to quantify device (8 options [eg, smartphone]) and activity (10 options [eg, social media]) type.Main Outcomes and MeasuresSleep duration and quality were measured objectively via wrist-worn accelerometers. The association of screen use with sleep measures was analyzed on a night-by-night basis using mixed-effects regression models including participant as a random effect and adjusted for weekends.ResultsOf the 79 participants (47 [59.5%] male; mean [SD] age, 12.9 [1.1] years), all but 1 had screen time before bed. Screen use in the 2 hours before bed had no association with most measures of sleep health that night (eg, mean difference in total sleep time, 0 minutes [95% CI, –3 to 20 minutes] for every 10 minutes more total screen time). All types of screen time were associated with delayed sleep onset but particularly interactive screen use (mean difference, 10 minutes; 95% CI, 4 to 16 minutes for every additional 10 minutes of interactive screen time). Every 10 minutes of additional screen time in bed was associated with shorter total sleep time (mean difference, –3 minutes; 95% CI, –6 to –1 minute). The mean difference in total sleep time was −9 minutes (95% CI, −16 to −2 minutes) for every 10 minutes of interactive screen use and −4 minutes (95% CI, −7 to 0 minutes) for passive screen use. In particular, gaming (mean difference, –17 minutes; 95% CI, –28 to –7 minutes for every 10 minutes of gaming) and multitasking (mean difference, −35 minutes; 95% CI, –67 to –4 minutes on nights with vs without multitasking) were associated with less total sleep time.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this repeated-measures cohort study, use of an objective method showed that screen time once in bed was associated with impairment of sleep, especially when screen time was interactive or involved multitasking. These findings suggest that current sleep hygiene recommendations to restrict all screen time before bed seem neither achievable nor appropriate.
Robust van der Waals Metal Mask for Residue‐Free and All‐Solid 2D Material Engineering
Authors: Hong Chengyun , Dat Vu Khac , Nguyen Minh Chien , Yu Woo Jong , Kim Ji‐Hee 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe van der Waals (vdW) contact, characterized by its bondless interactions, opens up exciting possibilities in cutting‐edge mask technology. It enables incredibly close proximity to samples at the atomic level while facilitating non‐destructive engineering. In this study, the concept of a vdW metal mask using the template striped ultra‐flat Ag/Au film is introduced. The probe tip‐assisted metal film transfer under an optical microscope is employed to showcase all‐solid and residue‐free engineering on 2D materials. The robust nature of the vdW metal mask allows for various treatments, including gas, liquid, solid, plasma, and light, making it a universal tool for fabricating 2D material‐based devices and samples with sub‐1 µm resolution, all without the need for lithography technologies. With the superiority in simple sample fabrication, ultra‐clean surfaces, and robustness under harsh conditions, the technique is believed to flourish in the 2D material research field.
A Super‐Foldable Lithium‐Ion Full Battery
Authors: Dong Kangze , Zan Guangtao , Zhou Junchen , Manshaii Farid , Pu Shu , Chai Shanshan , Baik Jeong Min , Wu Qingsheng , Wen Ming , Wu Tong , Chen Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDeveloping foldable power sources with simple transport and storage remains a significant challenge and an urgent need for the advancement of next‐generation wearable bioelectronics. In this study, super‐foldable lithium‐ion batteries are developed by integrating biomimetic methods, which effectively address the challenges of stress dispersion and mark a breakthrough in the field of super‐foldable devices. A synchronous three‐level biomimetic coupling technology is introduced and employed a strategy of radial compounding, gel‐electrostatic molding, and temperature‐programmed co‐pyrolysis. This approach allows us to simultaneously prepare a super‐foldable multi‐level “lotus structure” cathode and a highly compatible super‐foldable “peapods” structure anode. Remarkably, even after 500 000 cycles of repeated folding tests, the full battery maintains a high level of capacity stability, and the galvanostatic charge/discharge curves also exhibit a high degree of consistency. Furthermore, this battery can power an LED clock for over 2870 continuous minutes while undergoing in situ dynamic reciprocating folding, highlighting its substantial promise for practical applications. The super‐foldable battery represents a full‐chain innovation, extending from the super‐foldable substrate to the super‐foldable electrodes, and culminating in a super‐foldable full battery.
Heterogeneous Nucleation and Enhanced Charge Transfer via Amorphous Metal‐Organic Frameworks for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Chu Weicun , Nie Riming , Chen Xiaokai , Wang Cheng , Gao Jiaxing , Wei Zeliang , Li Luyao , Dai Yiming , Wang Xiaofan , Tian Bingkun , Qiao Ruixi , Zhao Xiaoming , Li Bowen , Guo Wanlin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe two‐step sequential deposition method is considered a potential way for the large‐scale manufacture of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with high power conversion efficiency and reproducibility. However, the dense lead iodide (PbI2) film interferes with its full contact with organic solutions, resulting in an inadequate reaction at the interface. Herein, 2 kinds of metal‐organic framework (MOF) are introduced, amorphous Ni‐MOF‐74 (amNi‐MOF‐74) and crystalline Zn‐MOF‐74 (crZn‐MOF‐74), into PbI2 for regulating crystallization. Compared to crZn‐MOF‐74, the incorporation of amNi‐MOF‐74 exhibited rapid nucleation, resulting in high‐quality perovskite films with large grain size, low trap density, and enhanced charge transfer between the perovskite and charge transfer layers. Meanwhile, the content of unstable phase PbI2 left in perovskite films due to insufficient reaction is also reduced. The amNi‐MOF‐74 modified PSCs exhibited a champion power conversion efficiency of 24.17% with good humidity and thermal stability. The unencapsulated device maintains 90% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h storage in dark ambient conditions with ≈30% relative humidity. This strategy provides an effective approach for promoting the crystallization process of perovskite and fabricating efficient and stable PSCs.
Recycling Single‐Crystal Perovskite Solar Cells With Improved Efficiency and Stability
Authors: Liu Nianqiao , Li Ning , Jiang Changke , Han Delong , Dai Jitao , Niu Yawei , Dou Yunjie , Chen Shangshang , Chen Yimu , Chen Zhaolai , Tao Xutang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMetal halide perovskite single crystals are promising for photovoltaic applications due to their outstanding properties. However, the high surface trap density causes severe nonradiative recombination and ion migration, hindering device performance and stability. Herein, mitigation of the deficient crystal surface is reported by optimized polishing engineering, resulting in stoichiometric lead‐iodine ratio with reduced iodide ion vacancies, increased ion migration activation energy, and suppressed nonradiative recombination. As a result, Cs0.05FA0.95PbI3 (FA = formamidinium) devices exhibit an impressive efficiency of 23.1%, which is one of the highest values for single‐crystal perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Moreover, multiple recycling of the degraded single‐crystal PSCs with higher efficiency and stability is achieved by removing the deteriorated surface, validating crystal surface dominates device degradation while the role of bulk and buried interface is negligible, which is different from polycrystalline devices. The T85 lifetime (remain 85% of initial efficiency) of Cs0.05FA0.95PbI3 devices increases to 1150 h after the recycling process, which is much better than that of previously reported single‐crystal PSCs. Since deficient crystal surface and ion migration are universal issues of perovskite materials, this work will promote the development of stable single‐crystal PSCs and other optoelectronic devices, such as X‐ray detectors, light‐emitting diodes, etc.
Carbon and MXene Dual Confinement and Dense Structural Engineering Toward Construct High Performance Micron‐SiOx Anode for Li‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fu Ning , Liu Zhenjun , Shen Bingxin , Shao Wei , Wang Tiantian , Zhao Huihui , Wang Jing , Chen Qing , Luo Jiahuan , Liu Ying , Yang Zhenglong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe intrinsic low conductivity, low tap density, and huge volume expansion during lithium storage severely restrict the practicality of micron‐silicon suboxide (m‐SiOx). Here, a carbon and MXene dual confinement and dense structural engineering strategy is proposed to construct m‐SiOx composites (m‐SiOx@C/MXene) through in situ carbon coating and electrostatic self‐assembly process. This integrated structural achieves a conductivity of 157 S cm−1 for m‐SiOx@C/MXene, which is 7 and 2 orders of magnitude higher than m‐SiOx (5.3 × 10−5 S cm−1) and m‐SiOx@C (2.9 S cm−1), respectively. The tap density of m‐SiOx@C/MXene reaches 1.35 g cm−3, significantly greater than that of m‐SiOx (0.82 g cm−3) and m‐SiOx@C (0.75 g cm−3). The 29% volume expansion of m‐SiOx@C/MXene during lithium storage is much lower than the 228% and 162% of m‐SiOx and m‐SiOx@C. The synergistic effect of the above advantages enables m‐SiOx@C/MXene to exhibit excellent rate performance and cycle stability. When assembled into a full cell with the LiFePO4 (LFP) cathode, it features high capacity retention and energy density of 99.1% and 380 Wh kg−1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 C. This work provides new reference for the stable structural design of m‐SiOx or other materials with huge volume expansion during energy storage.
Field‐Induced Butterfly‐Like Anisotropic Magnetoresistance in a Kagome Semimetal Co3In2S2
Authors: Lv Senhao , Guo Hui , Qi Qi , Li Yuhui , Hu Guojing , Zheng Qi , Wang Ruwen , Si Nan , Zhu Ke , Zhao Zhen , Han Yechao , Yu Weiqi , Xian Guoyu , Huang Li , Bao Lihong , Lin Xiao , Pan Jinbo , Du Shixuan , He Jun , Yang Haitao , Gao Hong‐Jun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the interplay between magnetism and topological bands, magnetic kagome semimetals provide promising platforms for exploring exotic correlated electronic states and quantum phenomena such as anomalous Hall effect, quantum spin liquid, and unconventional magnetoresistance, as well as driving advances in electronic and spintronic applications. Here, a field‐induced butterfly‐like anomalous anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect in an intriguing kagome semimetal Co3In2S2 is reported. The kagome‐lattice Co3In2S2 single crystals are synthesized via a polycrystal‐source chemical vapor transport approach, possessing a high carrier mobility reaching 104 cm2V−1s−1. The Co3In2S2 single crystal exhibits a canted antiferromagnetic state below 5 K, but intriguingly, it is easily transformed into a ferromagnetic state under a small external magnetic field. Furthermore, the planar Hall effect (PHE) is detected, stemming from the complex contribution of field‐induced ferromagnetism and orbital magnetoresistance. Remarkably, as the magnetic field increases, the low‐temperature magnetoresistance behavior of the Co3In2S2 reveals a butterfly‐like AMR effect with a maximum value of 850%, exhibiting a superposition of the two‐, four‐, and six‐fold AMR terms. Band structure calculations suggest that such a field‐induced butterfly‐like AMR effect may originate from the modulations of the electronic structure near the Fermi level by the magnetic moment. The findings offer a valuable platform for understanding the anomalous AMR effect and for the development of advanced spintronic devices.
Promoting Reaction Kinetics and Boosting Sodium Storage Capability via Constructing Stable Heterostructures for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Ma Chunrong , Tang Xiao , Ben Haoxi , Jiang Wei , Shao Xinyu , Wang Guoxiu , Sun Bing 
Published: September 2024

AbstractConstructing heterostructures containing multiple active components is proven to be an efficient strategy for enhancing the sodium storage capability of anode materials in sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs). However, performance enhancement is often attributed to the unclear synergistic effects among the active components. A comprehensive understanding of the reaction mechanisms on the interfaces at the atomic level remains elusive. Herein, the carbon‐coated Fe3Se4/CoSe (Fe3Se4/CoSe‐C) anode material as a model featuring atomic‐scale contact interfaces is synthesized. This unique heterogeneous architecture offers an adjustable electronic structure, which facilitates rapid reaction kinetics and enhances structural integrity. In situ microscopic and ex situ spectral characterization techniques, along with theoretical simulations, confirm that the heterointerface with strong electric fields promotes Na+ ion migration. Based on solid‐state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis, an interface charge storage mechanism is revealed, resulting in the enhanced specific capacity of the anode materials. When employed as an anode in SIBs, the Fe3Se4/CoSe‐C electrode demonstrates excellent rate capabilities (218 mAh g−1 at 7 A g−1) and prolonged cycling stability (258 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 1000 cycles). This work highlights the significance of heterointerface engineering in electrode material design for rechargeable batteries.
Ultra‐Photostable Bacterial‐Seeking Near‐Infrared CPDs for Simultaneous NIR‐II Bioimaging and Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Duan Jingyi , Li Baosheng , Liu Yanqun , Han Tianyang , Ye Fengming , Xia Huan , Liu Kaifeng , He Jie , Wang Xueke , Cai Qing , Meng Weiyan , Zhu Shoujun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBacterial infections can pose significant health risks as they have the potential to cause a range of illnesses. These infections can spread rapidly and lead to complications if not promptly diagnosed and treated. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a probe to selectively target and image pathogenic bacteria while simultaneously killing them, as there are currently no effective clinical solutions available. This study presents a novel approach using near‐infrared carbonized polymer dots (NIR‐CPDs) for simultaneous in vivo imaging and treatment of bacterial infections. The core–shell structure of the NIR‐CPDs facilitates their incorporation into bacterial cell membranes, leading to an increase in fluorescence brightness and photostability. Significantly, the NIR‐CPDs exhibit selective bacterial‐targeting properties, specifically identifying Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) while sparing Escherichia coli (E. coli). Moreover, under 808 nm laser irradiation, the NIR‐CPDs exhibit potent photodynamic effects by generating reactive oxygen species that target and damage bacterial membranes. In vivo experiments on infected mouse models demonstrate not only precise imaging capabilities but also significant therapeutic efficacy, with marked improvements in wound healing. The study provides the dual‐functional potential of NIR‐CPDs as a highly effective tool for the advancement of medical diagnostics and therapeutics in the fight against bacterial infections.
Dual‐Factor‐Controlled Dynamic Precursors Enable On‐Demand Thermoset Degradation and Recycling
Authors: Lei Zepeng , Wang Zirui , Jiang Huan , Cahn Jackson R. , Chen Hongxuan , Huang Shaofeng , Jin Yinghua , Wang Xiaohui , Yu Kai , Zhang Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThermosets are well known for their advantages such as high stability and chemical resistance. However, developing sustainable thermosets with degradability and recyclability faces several principal challenges, including reconciling the desired characteristics during service with the recycling and reprocessing properties required at the end of life, establishing efficient methods for large‐scale synthesis, and aligning with current manufacturing process. Here a general strategy is presented for the on‐demand degradation and recycling of thermosets under mild conditions utilizing dynamic precursors with dual‐factor‐controlled reversibility. Specifically, dynamic triazine crosslinkers are introduced through dynamic nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) into the precursor polyols used in polyurethane (PU) synthesis. Upon removal of the catalyst and alcohol, the reversibility of SNAr is deactivated, allowing for the use of standard PU polymerization techniques such as injection molding, casting, and foaming. The resulting cyanurate‐crosslinked PUs maintain high stability and diverse mechanical properties of traditional crosslinked PUs, yet offer the advantage of easy on‐demand depolymerization for recycling by activating the reversibility of SNAr under specific but mild conditions—a combination of base, alcohol, and mild heat. It is envisioned that this approach, involving the pre‐installation of dual‐factor‐controlled dynamic crosslinkers, can be broadly applied to current thermosetting plastic manufacturing processes, introducing enhanced sustainability.
Advancements in Atomically Precise Nanocluster Protected by Thiacalix[4]arene
Authors: Gupta Rakesh Kumar , Wang Zhi , Mohan Brij , Tung Chen‐Ho , Sun Di 
Published: September 2024

AbstractCoinage metal nanoclusters (NCs), comprising a few to several hundred atoms, are prized for their size‐dependent properties crucial in catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine. However, their practical application is often hindered by stability and reactivity challenges. Thiacalixarene, a macrocyclic ligand, shows promise in stabilizing silver, copper, and bimetallic NCs, enhancing their structural integrity and chemical stability. This investigation delves into the unique properties of thiacalix[4]arene and their role in bolstering NC stability, catalytic efficiency, and sensing capabilities. The current challenges and future prospects are critically evaluated, underscoring the transformative impact of thiacalix[4]arene in nanoscience. This review aims to broaden the utilization of atomically precise coinage metal NCs, unlocking new avenues across scientific and industrial applications.
Robust Imidazole‐Linked Covalent Organic Framework Enabling Crystallization Regulation and Bulk Defect Passivation for Highly Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: He Zhengyan , Luan Tianxiang , Zhang Shufang , Wei Qilin , Huang Dan , Wang Lingyun , Wang Yu , Li Peizhou , Yu William W. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe low crystallinity of the perovskite layers and many defects at grain boundaries within the bulk phase and at interfaces are considered huge barriers to the attainment of high performance and stability in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a robust photoelectric imidazole‐linked porphyrin‐based covalent organic framework (PyPor‐COF) is introduced to precisely control the perovskite crystallization process and effectively passivate defects at grain boundaries through a sequential deposition method. The 1D porous channels, abundant active sites, and high crystallization orientation of PyPor‐COF offer advantages for regulating the crystallization of PbI2 and eliminating defects. Moreover, the intrinsic electronic characteristics of PyPor‐COF endow a more closely matched energy level arrangement within the perovskite layer, which promotes charge transport and thereby suppresses the recombination of photogenerated carriers. The champion PSCs containing PyPor‐COF achieved power conversion efficiencies of 24.10% (0.09 cm2) and 20.81% (1.0 cm2), respectively. The unpackaged optimized device is able to maintain its initial efficiency of 80.39% even after being exposed to air for 2000 h. The device also exhibits excellent heating stability and light stability. This work gives a new impetus to the development of highly efficient and stable PSCs via employing COFs.