bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genomic and phenotypic characterization of the Oropouche virus strain implicated in the 2022–24 large‐scale outbreak in Brazil
Authors: Azevedo Elisa de A. N. , Silva Alexandre F. da , Silva Verônica G. da , Machado Lais C. , de Lima Gustavo B. , Ishigami Bruno I. M. , Silva Keilla M. Paz e , Costa Mayara M. de O. M. da , Falcão Diego A. , Vasconcelos Andreza P. , Silva Clintiano C. da , Naveca Felipe G. , Bezerra Matheus F. , Campos Tulio de L. , Acioli‐Santos Bartolomeu , Paiva Marcelo H. S. , de Morais Clarice N. L. , Wallau Gabriel L. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Orthobunyavirus oropoucheense species encompasses a group of arthropod‐borne zoonotic viruses transmitted by biting midges to animals including humans. Several large‐scale human outbreaks caused by the prototype member of this species, Oropouche virus (OROV) have been documented since the 1970s and were primarily confined to the Amazon basin. However, since 2022, more widespread OROV outbreaks have been unfolding in Brazil and across South America, with cases exported to Cuba, Italy, Spain, USA and Germany. In Brazil, the virus has reached and established communitary transmission in all geographic areas of the country. We isolated, characterized the cytopathic effect and recovered the full genome of two OROV isolates from the 2022–24 outbreak detected in patients from the Pernambuco state. Phylogenetic data supports a direct introduction from the Amazonas state, the epicenter of the epidemics in the country. As case counts accumulate in the state mounting evidence is supporting the establishiment of sustained transmission chains. Continued studies are critical to understand the transmission cycle in this region, including the most important vectors and reservoirs, to appropriately deploy control measures.
Variation of Dissolved Organic Matter Chemistry in the Runoff From Slopes Covered With Biocrusts Under Rainfall: Insights From the Linkages Between the Optical and Molecular Composition Analyses
Authors: Chen Guo , Wang Hao , Zhang Qing‐wei , Geng Ren , Wang Jian , Yi Yuan‐bi , Li Ming , He Ding 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTVariation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) largely affects the regional and even global carbon cycle. Both optical techniques and ultra‐high‐resolution mass spectrometry have their advantages and disadvantages, and the combination of them can better track DOM cycles. However, the relationship between the optical and molecular characteristics of DOM in the runoff from slopes covered with biocrusts are still unclear. Therefore, optical techniques and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT‐ICR MS) were combined to explore the DOM composition in the runoff from different runoff plots (i.e., bare runoff plot [BP], cyanobacterial crusts covered runoff plot [CP], mixed crusts covered runoff plot [MIP], moss crusts covered runoff plot [MOP]) under different rainfall intensities in the current study. The findings stated that the runoff from BP and CP exhibited a higher proportion of terrestrial DOM under heavy rainfall intensity (HRI), whereas DOM in the runoff from MIP and MOP were primarily controlled by microbial sources. The DOM unique molecules in the runoff from CP were more recalcitrant under HRI than those under light rainfall intensity (LRI), and these differences decreased with the increased with the succession stage of biocrusts. The results of aromaticity characterized by optical method and FT‐ICR MS were generally consistent. Meanwhile, Spearman correlation analysis also indicated that the optical parameters can be utilized for the estimation of molecular characteristics and labile in the runoff from slopes covered with biocrusts after the necessary calibration of the correction between the optical and molecular parameters.
Gain enhancement of compact CPW‐Fed ultra‐wideband antenna using an FSS reflector
Authors: Hammache Boualem , Messaoudene Idris , Belazzoug Massinissa , Titouni Salem , Messai Abderraouf , Denidni Tayeb A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn this paper, an enhancement gain of compact CPW‐Fed antenna using a single layer frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) reflector for ultra‐wideband (UWB) applications is presented. A hexagonal CPW‐Fed antenna with a size of 30 × 30 mm2 is realized to provide a UWB bandwidth operation. In this study, a novel design of an FSS unit cell with reduction and a small size of 8 × 8 mm2 is proposed. It allows one to achieve a UWB band‐stop response between 3 and 11.5 GHz. The FSS reflector has 7 × 7 units with a total size of 56 × 56 mm2. This reflector is placed below the antenna at a distance of 20 mm. The main objective of this contribution is to improve the gain level of the antenna, where the proposed antenna achieves an improvement of realized gain of 6.2 dBi with increasing from 2.2 to 8.4 dBi. The antenna became more directive after the integration of the FSS reflector with a directional radiation pattern. The numerical and experimental results are in good concordance with the simulated one. This study is performed in terms of voltage standing wave ratio, radiation pattern, realized gain, and radiation efficiency.
Determination of the pKa Value of a Brønsted Acid by 19F NMR Spectroscopy
Authors: Griffiths Emily F. , Dixon Jay A. , Caffyn Andrew J. M. , Langley Stuart K. , Maciá Beatriz , Caprio Vittorio , Mewis Ryan E. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBrønsted acids, such as phosphoric acids derived from chiral 1,1′‐bi‐2‐naphthol (BINOL), are important catalysts in the formation of carbon–carbon and carbon–heteroatom bonds, for example. The catalytic activity of these Brønsted acids is strongly linked to their acidity, and as such, the evaluation of compounds to determine pKa values provides insight into their catalytic activity. Herein, a 19F{1H} NMR methodology is detailed to determine the pKa of a fluorinated binaphthyl‐derived phosphinic acid, rac‐1, in acetonitrile and in the presence of a fluorinated sulfonamide reference compound (2–4). The approach was tested initially using 2 and 3, with the ΔpKa (0.08) in strong agreement with previously reported values (6.6 for 2 and 6.68/6.73 for 3). Sigmoidal curves of normalised chemical shift change (Δδ) against equivalents of the base phosphazene P1‐tBu added overlapped for 2 and 3, but in the case of rac‐1 and either 2, 3 or 4, there was significant separation. A variety of different approaches for determining the ΔpKa were compared. Values of pKa determined when the normalised Δδ was 90% were optimal for 2 and 3, whereas a normalised Δδ of 75% was optimal for 4, resulting in the pKa of rac‐1 being determined to be 8.47–8.71.
Speedy Component Resolution Using Spatially Encoded Diffusion NMR Data
Authors: Lorandel Benjamin , Rocha Hugo , Cazimajou Oksana , Mishra Rituraj , Bernard Aurélie , Bowyer Paul , Nilsson Mathias , Dumez Jean‐Nicolas 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTDiffusion‐ordered NMR spectroscopy (DOSY) is a powerful tool to analyse mixtures. Spatially encoded (SPEN) DOSY enables recording a full DOSY dataset in just one scan by performing spatial parallelisation of the gradient dimension. The simplest and most widely used approach to processing DOSY data is to fit each peak in the spectrum with a single or multiple exponential decay. However, when there is peak overlap, and/or when the diffusion decays of the contributing components are too similar, this method has limitations. Multivariate analysis of DOSY data, which is an attractive alternative, consists of decomposing the experimental data, into compound‐specific diffusion decays and 1D NMR spectra. Multivariate analysis has been very successfully used for conventional DOSY data, but its use for SPEN DOSY data has only recently been reported. Here, we present a comparison, for SPEN DOSY data, of two widely used algorithms, SCORE and OUTSCORE, that aim at unmixing the spectra of overlapped species through a least square fit or a cross‐talk minimisation, respectively. Data processing was performed with the General NMR Analysis Toolbox (GNAT), with custom‐written code elements that now expands the capabilities, and makes it possible to import and process SPEN DOSY data. This comparison is demonstrated on three different two‐component mixtures, each with different characteristics in terms of signal overlap, diffusion coefficient similarity, and component concentration.
Color‐map recommendation for MR relaxometry maps
Authors: Fuderer Miha , Wichtmann Barbara , Crameri Fabio , de Souza Nandita M. , Baeßler Bettina , Gulani Vikas , Wang Meiyun , Poot Dirk , de Boer Ruud , Cashmore Matt , Keenan Kathryn E. , Ma Dan , Pirkl Carolin , Sollmann Nico , Weingärtner Sebastian , Mandija Stefano , Golay Xavier 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo harmonize the use of color for MR relaxometry maps and therefore recommend the use of specific color‐maps for representing , , and maps and their inverses.MethodsPerceptually linearized color‐maps were chosen to have similar color settings as those proposed by Griswold et al. in 2018. A Delphi process, polling the opinion of a panel of 81 experts, was used to generate consensus on the suitability of these maps.ResultsConsensus was reached on the suitability of the logarithm‐processed Lipari color‐map for and the logarithm‐processed Navia color‐map for and . There was consensus on color bars being mandatory and on the use of a specific value indicating “invalidity.” There was no consensus on whether the ranges should be fixed per anatomy.ConclusionThe authors recommend the use of the logarithm‐processed Lipari color‐map for displaying quantitative maps and maps; likewise, the authors recommend the logarithm‐processed Navia color‐map for displaying , , , and maps.This work originated with the Quantitative MR Study Group of the International Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine (ISMRM); it has the approval of the Publication Committee and of the Board of the ISMRM.
Highly efficient image navigator based 3D whole‐heart cardiac MRA at 0.55T
Authors: Castillo‐Passi Carlos , Kunze Karl P. , Crabb Michael G. , Munoz Camila , Fotaki Anastasia , Neji Radhouene , Irarrazaval Pablo , Prieto Claudia , Botnar René M. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeTo develop and evaluate a highly efficient free‐breathing and contrast‐agent‐free three‐dimensional (3D) whole‐heart Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Angiography (CMRA) sequence at 0.55T.MethodsFree‐breathing whole‐heart CMRA has been previously proposed at 1.5 and 3T. Direct application of this sequence to 0.55T is not possible due to changes in the magnetic properties of the tissues. To enable free‐breathing CMRA at 0.55T, pulse sequence design and acquisition parameters of a previously proposed whole‐heart CMRA framework are optimized via Bloch simulations. Image navigators (iNAVs) are used to enable nonrigid respiratory motion‐correction and 100% respiratory scan efficiency. Patch‐based low‐rank denoising is employed to accelerate the scan and account for the reduced signal‐to‐noise ratio at 0.55T. The proposed approach was evaluated on 11 healthy subjects. Image quality was assessed by a clinical expert (1: poor to 5: excellent) for all intrapericardiac structures. Quantitative evaluation was performed by assessing the vessel sharpness of the proximal right coronary artery (RCA).ResultsOptimization resulted in an imaging flip angle of , fat saturation flip angle of , and six k‐space lines for iNAV encoding. The relevant cardiac structures and main coronary arteries were visible in all subjects, with excellent image quality (mean ) and minimal artifacts (mean ), with RCA vessel sharpness () comparable to previous studies at 1.5T.ConclusionThe proposed approach enables 3D whole‐heart CMRA at 0.55T in a 6‐min scan (), providing excellent image quality, minimal artifacts, and comparable vessel sharpness to previous 1.5T studies. Future work will include the evaluation of the proposed approach in patients with cardiovascular disease.
MR electrical properties mapping using vision transformers and canny edge detectors
Authors: Giannakopoulos Ilias I. , Carluccio Giuseppe , Keerthivasan Mahesh B. , Koerzdoerfer Gregor , Lakshmanan Karthik , De Moura Hector L. , Cruz Serrallés José E. , Lattanzi Riccardo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPurposeWe developed a 3D vision transformer‐based neural network to reconstruct electrical properties (EP) from magnetic resonance measurements.Theory and MethodsOur network uses the magnitude of the transmit magnetic field of a birdcage coil, the associated transceive phase, and a Canny edge mask that identifies the object boundaries as inputs to compute the EP maps. We trained our network on a dataset of 10 000 synthetic tissue‐mimicking phantoms and fine‐tuned it on a dataset of 11 000 realistic head models. We assessed performance in‐distribution simulated data and out‐of‐distribution head models, with and without synthetic lesions. We further evaluated our network in experiments for an inhomogeneous phantom and a volunteer.ResultsThe conductivity and permittivity maps had an average peak normalized absolute error (PNAE) of 1.3% and 1.7% for the synthetic phantoms, respectively. For the realistic heads, the average PNAE for the conductivity and permittivity was 1.8% and 2.7%, respectively. The location of synthetic lesions was accurately identified, with reconstructed conductivity and permittivity values within 15% and 25% of the ground‐truth, respectively. The conductivity and permittivity for the phantom experiment yielded 2.7% and 2.1% average PNAEs with respect to probe‐measured values, respectively. The in vivo EP reconstruction truthfully preserved the subject's anatomy with average values over the entire head similar to the expected literature values.ConclusionWe introduced a new learning‐based approach for reconstructing EP from MR measurements obtained with a birdcage coil, marking an important step towards the development of clinically‐usable in vivo EP reconstruction protocols.
Vomiting despite adherence to guidelines: Suboptimal control of vomiting in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Ben‐Kenan Rotem Fishel , Stafford Lily K. , Temkit M'hamed , Brown Jamie , Walsh Alexandra 
Published: October 2024

AbstractObjectiveVomiting is a common and distressing acute side effect of chemotherapy, negatively impacting quality of life, nutritional status, and the ability of patients to tolerate further treatment. Standardized guidelines have been developed to improve control of nausea and vomiting. We aimed to determine the benefit of adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) on complete control of acute chemotherapy‐induced vomiting in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with cancer.MethodsAn electronic dashboard of pediatric patients newly diagnosed with cancer at Phoenix Children's Hospital between August 2019 and January 2021 and receiving their first cycle of chemotherapy was utilized to monitor chemotherapy regimen, antiemetic medications, and vomiting episodes. Blocks were classified as guideline‐inconsistent, guideline‐consistent, or guideline‐consistent PLUS if additional prophylactic antiemetic medications were utilized. We identified patients with complete control of vomiting, defined as no vomiting and no additional antiemetics needed.ResultsAmong 136 patients, 29% received guideline‐inconsistent care, 37% received guideline‐consistent care, and 34% received guideline‐consistent PLUS care. Overall, 48% of patients achieved complete control of vomiting. Older patients (p < 0.0001) and those receiving higher emetogenicity chemotherapy (p = 0.0003) were more likely to receive guideline‐consistent or guideline‐consistent PLUS therapy. With guideline‐consistent and ‐consistent PLUS grouped together, the diagnosis was also associated with improved adherence to CPGs (p = 0.022). Multivariate analysis showed that patients more likely to receive guideline‐consistent prophylaxis were of older age (OR 1.11, p = 0.016) and solid tumor patients (OR 5.59, p = 0.028).ConclusionsDespite high rates of CPG adherence, complete control of vomiting remains suboptimal, which highlights the need for novel and/or risk‐adapted therapies.
Auer rod‐positive acute leukemia with predominantly lymphoid immunophenotype: Report on 11 cases and review of literature
Authors: Hrusak Ondrej , Stancikova Jitka , Vodickova Elena , Podolska Tereza , Möricke Anja , Attarbaschi Andishe , Dworzak Michael , Sestakova Zuzana , Svec Peter , Zaliova Marketa Kubricanova , Janotova Iveta , Zapletal Ondrej , Mejstrikova Ester , Stary Jan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundAuer rods (AuRs) are prominent intracellular structures found almost exclusively in myeloid cell malignancies, such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), chronic and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. Extremely rare AuRs have been reported in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or among ambiguous lineage leukemia patients with a dominantly lymphoblastic immunophenotype.ProcedureWe report diagnostic and follow‐up data of an international cohort of 11 children suffering from leukemias with AuRs and with significant presence of T and myeloid markers, majority of whom categorized as early T‐cell precursor (ETP, n = 7); or T‐ALL (ETP status unknown, n = 2), ALAL (acute leukemia of ambiguous lineage, n = 1), and AML reclassified from ALAL (n = 1). We described other diagnostic details and treatment types and responses. Moreover, we summarize previously published data.ResultsAmong the four patients who started and remained on ALL‐type therapy, all were in the first complete remission, whereas both patients who started and remained on AML‐type therapy relapsed and died. Of the patients who followed either a combined ALL/AML protocol (Interfant 06) or who switched from one of the two types of therapy to the other, one patient died, and the remaining four were in first complete remission at the most recent follow‐up. We also searched for similar cases in the literature and found only three additional children with nonmyeloid leukemia and AuRs and 10 adults with this type of leukemia.ConclusionsBriefly, ALL‐ or combined ALL/AML‐type therapy may be effective for treating AuR‐positive leukemia patients with a lymphoid immunophenotype.
A 19F Solvatomagnetic Comparison Method for the Determination of the α1 Scale of Solvent Hydrogen‐Bond Donation and Its Application to Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Laurence Christian , Mansour Sergui , Vuluga Daniela , Legros Julien 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTWe develop a nonsolvatochromic comparison method for the determination of the α1 scale of solvent hydrogen‐bond acidity by means of 19F NMR spectrometry. We compare the 19F chemical shifts of 4‐fluoro‐2‐methylpyridine (as a sensitive hydrogen‐bond acceptor probe) and of 4‐fluoronitrobenzene (as a chemically similar but less basic reference probe). This so‐called 19F solvatomagnetic comparison method yields the hydrogen‐bonding contribution to δ (19F)(4‐fluoro‐2‐methylpyridine) that is well correlated to α1 values obtained from the solvatochromism of Reichardt's betaine dye. Therefore, this solvatomagnetic comparison method is applied to determine the α1 values of 13 choline chloride–based deep eutectic solvents.
Radiometric calibration of UAV multispectral images under changing illumination conditions with a downwelling light sensor
Authors: Swaminathan Vaishali , Thomasson J. Alex , Hardin Robert G. , Rajan Nithya , Raman Rahul 
Published: October 2024

AbstractUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐acquired multispectral images commonly suffer from radiometric inaccuracies due to changing illumination produced by intermittent cloud cover. This study addressed cloud shadow effects by integrating direct irradiance measurements from a downwelling light sensor into reflectance calculations. Two reflectance calibration methods were proposed as follows: (1) use of a single calibration reference panel for all images (Method 1) and (2) employment of a minimum distance classifier to assign color‐graded in‐field reflectance calibration targets to individual images based on their proximity in irradiance levels (Method 2). Images were acquired from 30 and 75 m flight altitudes with fixed‐exposure and auto‐exposure settings. Conventional photogrammetric calibration of UAV multispectral images inadequately addressed cloud shadows, resulting in orthomosaics with poor to moderate spatial uniformity (R2 = 0.70–0.92) and high mean absolute percentage error (MAPE = 13.52%–49.18%). The proposed calibration methods improved radiometric accuracy, yielding average R2 = 0.99 and 0.98 at 30 and 75 m images, respectively. Method 1 showed superior performance on the red‐edge and near infrared bands, and Method 2 worked best in the blue, green, and red bands. Post‐processing empirical line calibration of orthomosaics from Methods 1 and 2 reduced MAPE in reflectance estimation by at least 50% compared to conventional calibration. The clear sky reference histograms had lower Jensen–Shannon distance, higher Pearson's correlation, and improved intersection ratios with the histograms from the proposed methods, implying high similarity. Vegetation indices calculated with the proposed methods closely matched those from the reference orthomosaic, exhibiting significantly lower MAPE than conventionally calculated vegetation indices.
Stronger increase of methane emissions from coastal wetlands by non‐native Spartina alterniflora than non‐native Phragmites australis
Authors: Fuchs Andrea , Davidson Ian C. , Megonigal J. Patrick , Devaney John L. , Simkanin Christina , Noyce Genevieve L. , Lu Meng , Cott Grace M. 
Published: October 2024

Societal Impact StatementThe invasive species S. alterniflora and P. australis are fast growing coastal wetland plants sequestering large amounts of carbon in the soil and protect coastlines against erosion and storm surges. In this global analysis, we found that Spartina and Phragmites increase methane but not nitrous oxide emissions, with Phragmites having a lesser effect. The impact of the invasive species on emissions differed greatly among different types of native plant groups, providing valuable information to managers and policymakers during coastal wetland planning and restoration efforts. Further, our estimated net emissions per wetland plant group facilitate regional and national blue carbon estimates.Summary

Globally, Spartina alterniflora and Phragmites australis are among the most pervasive invasive plants in coastal wetland ecosystems. Both species sequester large amounts of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and biogenic carbon in soils but also support production and emission of methane (CH4). In this study, we investigated the magnitude of their net greenhouse gas (GHG) release from invaded and non‐invaded habitats.
We conducted a meta‐analysis of GHG fluxes associated with these two species and related soil carbon content and plant biomass in invaded coastal wetlands.
Our results show that both invasive species increase CH4 fluxes compared to uninvaded coastal wetlands, but they do not significantly affect CO2 and N2O fluxes. The magnitude of emissions from Spartina and Phragmites differs among native habitats. GHG fluxes, soil carbon and plant biomass of Spartina‐invaded habitats were highest compared to uninvaded mudflats and succulent forb‐dominated wetlands, while being lower compared to uninvaded mangroves (except for CH4).
This meta‐analysis highlights the important role of individual plant traits as drivers of change by invasive species on plant‐mediated carbon cycles.