bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of risk factors for pneumothorax after particle implantation in the treatment of advanced lung cancer after surgery and establishment of a nomogram prediction model
Authors: Ding Tingting , Hao Shanhu , Wang Zhiguo , Zhang Wenwen , Zhang Guoxu 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo analyze the risk factors for pneumothorax after particle implantation in the treatment of advanced lung cancer and to construct and validate a nomogram prediction model.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 148 patients who underwent 125I particle implantation for advanced lung cancer at the *** from December 2022 to December 2023. Potential risk factors were identified using univariate logistic regression analysis, followed by a multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the predictive factors for pneumothorax. Interaction effects between variables were studied and incorporated into the model construction. ROC curves and nomograms were generated for visualization. Calibration analysis was performed, and the corresponding net benefit was calculated to adjust the predictive model.ResultsAmong the 148 patients, 58 (39.19%) experienced pneumothorax, with a mean age of 62.5 (55.25, 70) years. Multivariate analysis showed that the angle between the puncture needle and the pleura &lt; 50° (P = 0.002, OR: 3.908, CI: 1.621–9.422), preoperative CT suggesting emphysema (P = 0.002, OR: 3.798, CI: 1.600–9.016), atelectasis (P = 0.009, OR: 3.156, CI: 1.331–7.481), and lesion located in the left lung fissure (P = 0.008, OR: 4.675, CI: 14.683) were independent risk factors for pneumothorax after particle implantation in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Preoperative CT suggesting lesions in the left lung fissure or suggesting emphysema had a significant impact in the nomogram, with probabilities of pneumothorax occurrence at 40% and 38%, respectively. The predictive AUC for the above four risk factors for pneumothorax after particle implantation in the treatment of lung adenocarcinoma was 0.837 (95% CI: 0.767–0.908). When the Youden index was 0.59, the sensitivity was 85.56%, specificity was 74.13%, accuracy was 81.01%, positive predictive value was 83.69%, and negative predictive value was 76.78%.ConclusionThe angle between the puncture needle and the pleura &lt; 50°, preoperative CT suggesting emphysema, atelectasis, and lesion located in the left lung fissure are independent risk factors for pneumothorax after particle implantation in the treatment of advanced lung cancer. Preoperative planning of the puncture path should avoid lung bullae, interlobar fissures, areas of severe emphysema, and atelectasis.
Constructing a measure for self-perceived open organizational culture in a university hospital pharmacy
Authors: Rietdijk Wim J. R. , Maljaars-Hendrikse Madzy , van Dijk Monique , Malik Romana F. , Tan Ngoc , van der Kuy P. Hugo M. 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundAn open organizational culture in the workplace represents an environment where information, ideas, and feedback are freely exchanged among all members, regardless of position or rank. Currently, there are no valid survey instruments to measure this culture within a healthcare context. To address this gap, we developed a survey instrument to measure self-perceived open organizational culture at a university pharmacy using a test re-test study design.MethodsData were collected during classroom training on basic mediation skills study. Participants completed the same questionnaire before (test phase) and after the training (validation phase). The questionnaire included statements assessing open organizational culture. The data were analyzed using standardized psychometric methods, including correlations, Exploratory Factor Analysis (structural validity), and construct validity by correlating the open organizational culture scores with the Interpersonal Communication Inventory.ResultsIn the test phase, 191 participants (161 females, 84%; response rate = 39.7%) contributed to the initial construction of the self-perceived open organizational culture survey instrument. In the validation phase, 81 of the original respondents completed the questionnaire again. Three latent factors were identified, retaining 22 of the 37 items: “enabling systems” (7 items), “open behavior” (8 items), and “trusting and supporting coworkers” (7 items). High correlations were found among the three factors (r &gt; 0.6), and between these factors and the Interpersonal Communication Inventory (r &gt; 0.35). Cronbach’s alphas were all above 0.85, indicating good internal consistency. During the validation phase, the factors demonstrated high internal consistency, test/re-test correlations, and agreement.ConclusionThis study presents a 22-item survey instrument for measuring individual differences in self-perceived open organizational culture within a university hospital pharmacy. The instrument demonstrates internal consistency and construct validity. Further validation of its psychometric properties and testing in other healthcare departments are recommended.
[18F]FDG PET/CT versus [18F]FDG PET/MRI in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Lei Junfang , Li Xu , Xue Wenbo , Qian Xinrui , Wang Tong , Xiang Yunuo , Zhang Yangchun , Chen Meixing , Liu Zhaohui 
Published: October 2024

PurposeThis meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the comparative diagnostic accuracy of [18F]FDG PET/CT versus [18F]FDG PET/MRI in identifying lymph node metastases in individuals with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.MethodsA comprehensive search was executed across PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through September 2023 to identify studies evaluating the diagnostic precision of [18F]FDG PET/CT and [18F]FDG PET/MRI in detecting lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed through the DerSimonian-Laird method, incorporating the Freeman-Tukey transformation.ResultsThe meta-analysis encompassed nine articles, involving a total of 916 patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity of [18F]FDG PET were 0.95 (95%CI: 0.88–1.00) and 0.95 (95%CI: 0.84–1.00). The overall sensitivity of [18F]FDG PET/CT was 0.94 (95%CI, 0.85–0.99), whereas [18F]FDG PET/MRI achieved a sensitivity of 1.00 (95%CI, 0.94–1.00). The findings reveal that [18F]FDG PET/CT demonstrates comparable sensitivity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI (p = 0.20). The overall specificity of [18F]FDG PET/CT was 0.94 (95%CI, 0.82–1.00), whereas [18F]FDG PET/MRI exhibited a specificity of 0.98 (95%CI, 0.93–1.00). Additionally, the results suggest that [18F]FDG PET/CT offers similar specificity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI (p = 0.11).Conclusion[18F]FDG PET demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in identifying lymph node metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Furthermore, [18F]FDG PET/CT exhibits comparable sensitivity and specificity to [18F]FDG PET/MRI.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=496006, PROSPERO (CRD42024496006).
Evaluation of the relationships between physico-chemical parameters and the abundance of Vibrio spp. in blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and seawater from the Maryland Coastal Bays
Authors: Smalls Jasmine , Jacobs John , Townsend Howard , Chigbu Paulinus , Parveen Salina 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionFluctuations in water quality characteristics influence the productivity of blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus), and the risk of human exposure to pathogenic Vibrio species. Thus, this study assessed the prevalence of total and pathogenic/clinical markers of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus in blue crabs and seawater from the Maryland Coastal Bays (MCBs) and the correlation between Vibrio levels and physicochemical parameters.MethodsThree to five crabs and 1 L of seawater were collected monthly for 3 years (May 2018 to December 2020) from six sites within the MCBs. Hemolymph and crab tissue were extracted and pooled for each site. Extracted hemolymph, crab tissue, and seawater were analyzed for V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus using the Most Probable Number (MPN) and real-time PCR methods. A one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), correlations, and linear models were used to analyze the data. Akaike Information Criterion (AICc) was evaluated to determine the model that provides the best fit to the data relating to Vibrio concentrations and environmental factors.ResultsResults suggested that environmental factors could influence the growth of Vibrio spp. Both V. parahaemolyticus and V. vulnificus were more prevalent during the warmer months than colder months. Vibrio was more prevalent in crab samples compared to seawater. Vibrio vulnificus concentrations in seawater and hemolymph were positively correlated with temperature (p = 0.0143 seawater) and pH (p = 0.006 hemolymph). A negative correlation was observed between the concentration of V. vulnificus in whole crab (tissue) and dissolved oxygen level (p = 0.0256). The concentration of V. parahaemolyticus in seawater was positively correlated with temperature (p = 0.009) and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen (p = 0.012).DiscussionThese results provide current information on the spatial and temporal distributions of Vibrio spp. in the MCBs that are useful for implementing more efficient processing and handling procedures of seafood products.
Viral co-detection of influenza virus and other respiratory viruses in hospitalized Brazilian patients during the first three years of the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic: an epidemiological profile
Authors: Siqueira Bianca Aparecida , Bredariol Ketlyn Oliveira , Boschiero Matheus Negri , Marson Fernando Augusto Lima 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionIn Brazil, few studies were performed regarding the co-detection of respiratory viruses in hospitalized patients. In this way, the study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalized patients due to influenza virus infection that presented co-detection with another respiratory virus.MethodsThe epidemiological analysis was made by collecting data from Open-Data-SUS. The study comprised patients infected by the influenza A or B virus with positive co-detection of another respiratory virus, such as adenovirus, bocavirus, metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus (types 1, 2, 3, and 4), rhinovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The markers [gender, age, clinical signs and symptoms, comorbidities, need for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment, and need for ventilatory support] were associated with the chance of death. The data was collected during the first three years of the coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemic—from December 19, 2019, to April 06, 2023.ResultsA total of 477 patients were included, among them, the influenza A virus was detected in 400 (83.9%) cases. The co-detection occurred, respectively, for RSV (53.0%), rhinovirus (14.0%), adenovirus (13.4%), parainfluenza virus type 1 (10.7%), parainfluenza virus type 3 (5.2%), metapneumovirus (3.8%), parainfluenza virus type 2 (3.6%), bocavirus (3.4%), and parainfluenza virus type 4 (1.5%). The co-detection rate was higher in the male sex (50.7%), age between 0–12 years of age (65.8%), and white individuals (61.8%). The most common clinical symptoms were cough (90.6%), dyspnea (78.8%), and fever (78.6%). A total of 167 (35.0%) people had at least one comorbidity, mainly cardiopathy (14.3%), asthma (8.4%), and diabetes mellitus (7.3%). The need for ICU treatment occurred in 147 (30.8%) cases, with most of them needing ventilatory support (66.8%), mainly non-invasive ones (57.2%). A total of 33 (6.9%) patients died and the main predictors of death were bocavirus infection (OR = 14.78 [95%CI = 2.84–76.98]), metapneumovirus infection (OR = 8.50 [95%CI = 1.86–38.78]), race (other races vs. white people) (OR = 3.67 [95%CI = 1.39–9.74]), cardiopathy (OR = 3.48 [95%CI = 1.13–10.71]), and need for ICU treatment (OR = 7.64 [95%CI = 2.44–23.92]).ConclusionCo-detection between the influenza virus and other respiratory viruses occurred, mainly with RSV, rhinovirus, and adenovirus being more common in men, white people, and in the juvenile phase. Co-detection of influenza virus with bocavirus and metapneumovirus was associated with an increased chance of death. Other factors such as race, cardiopathy, and the need for an ICU were also associated with a higher chance of death.
Bacillus velezensis B105-8, a potential and efficient biocontrol agent in control of maize stalk rot caused by Fusarium graminearum
Authors: Wang Shuang , Jin Pinjiao , Zheng Yanyan , Kangkang Wang , Chen Jiaxin , Liu Jiansheng , Li Yonggang 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionMaize stalk rot (MSR), caused by Fusarium graminearum, is the most serious soil borne disease in maize production, seriously affecting maize yield and quality worldwide. Microbial biocontrol agents are the best means of controlling MSR and reducing the use of chemical fungicides, such as Bacillus spp.Methods and resultsIn the study, a soil-isolated strain B105-8 was identified as B. velezensis (accession No. PP325775.1 and No. PP869695.1), demonstrated a broad spectrum against various pathogens causing maize diseases, which effectively controlled MSR, exhibited a high control efficacy of more than 60% and growth-promoting effect in the pot plant. B105-8 could effectively improve soil urease (S-UE), invertase (S-SC), and catalase (S-CAT) activities. S-NP activity showed an initial increase with a peak of 20,337 nmol/h/g, followed by a decrease, but activity remained significantly better than control treatment with chemical fungicides. The application of B105-8 repaired the damage caused by F. graminearum on soil activity. The antifungal compound B-1, extracted from B105-8, was purified using a protein purifier, revealing inhibitory effects against F. graminearum. Mass spectrometry analysis indicated the potential presence of C14 Bacillomycin, C15 Iturin, C15 Mycosubtilin, C17, and C15 fengycin in B-1. In pot experiments, a 5 μL/mL concentration of B-1 exhibited 69% control on MSR, enhancing maize root elongation, elevation, and fresh weight. At 10 μL/mL, B-1 showed 89.0 and 82.1% inhibition on spore production and mycelial growth, causing hyphal deformities.DiscussionThis study presents the innovative use of B. velezensis, isolated from maize rhizosphere in cold conditions to effectively control MSR caused by F. graminearum. The findings highlight the remarkable regional and adaptive characteristics of this strain, making it an excellent candidate to fight MSR in diverse environments. In conclusion, B. velezensis B105-8 demonstrated potential as a biocontrol agent for MSR.
Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognitive function and hormone levels in early stroke patients with low thyroid hormone levels
Authors: Li Hong , Ma Jiang , Song Ziqiang , Tao Xiaolin , Xing Yan , Zhang Feng 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundThis study aimed to observe the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cognitive function and thyroid hormone levels in early older stroke patients with low thyroid hormone levels, and to investigate the correlation between the changes in thyroid hormone levels and the improvements in cognitive function after stroke.MethodsForty older stroke patients who met the inclusion criteria were recruited and randomized into a magnetic-stimulation group (rTMS group) and a sham-stimulation group (Sham group). The rTMS group received low-frequency true stimulation and the Sham group received low-frequency sham stimulation. Patients’ cognitive scores, activity of daily living(ADL) scores, and their levels of triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (FT3), thyroxin (T4), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were assessed before the intervention, after the 4-week intervention, and after an additional 4 weeks of follow-up; Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to compare the changes of each index in the two groups at different times and the correlations between patiens’ cognitive function scores and their changing hormone levels were subsequently investigated.ResultsThirty-one patients were included in this study: 16 patients in rTMS group and 15 patients in the Sham group. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed that patients’ T3,FT3 and TSH levels tended to increase at 4-week intervention and at the follow up (p &lt; 0.05), and that the rTMS group had a better effect on improving T3 than the Sham group (Fgroup = 5.319, p = 0.028); The cognitive scale at different time points in both groups showed an upward trend (p &lt; 0.05), and the MoCA, DSF, DSB scores in the rTMS group were statistically higher than those in the Sham group at the end of the 4-week intervention and at the follow-up (p &lt; 0.05); The changes in the levels of T3 before and after 4-week intervention were positively correlated with the changes in the MoCA scores (r = 0.638, p &lt; 0.05). And the difference in T3 level change was positively correlated with the difference in delayed recall, attention and naming score change (r = 0.562, p &lt; 0.05; r = 0.562, p &lt; 0.05; r = 0.531, p &lt; 0.05); and the difference in FT3 level change was positively correlated with the visuospatial and executive function (r = 0.514, p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionRepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improved cognitive function and elevated T3 levels in older patients with post-stroke cognitive dysfunction who had low thyroid hormone levels. Within the normal range, increases in T3 levels are positively correlated with changes in cognitive function.
Associations between neurolinguistic deficits and personality traits in people with epilepsy
Authors: Floros Nikitas , Papagiannakis Nikolaos , Kyrozis Andreas , Chroni Elisabeth , Polychronopoulos Panagiotis 
Published: October 2024

IntroductionPeople with epilepsy (PWE) have been hypothesized to have higher prevalence of personality disorders and cognitive disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the controversial notion of “epileptic personality,” a series of supposedly specific personality traits of people with epilepsy (PWE).MethodsFor this purpose, 29 individuals with Mesial Temporal lobe Epilepsy (MTLE) and 23 with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) as confirmed by electroencephalography (EEG), MRI scans and clinical examination, underwent a thorough neuropsychological and personality assessment. The resulting neuropsychological profiles were statistically analyzed considering possible personality disorders, character traits, cognitive and linguistic deviations from 20 healthy controls (HC).ResultsOur findings suggest accumulative cognitive and linguistic deficits in individuals with epilepsy compared to controls. It is possible that these might be misinterpreted as personality disorders. Specifically, personality traits (p = 0.049) and verbal fluency (p = 0.013), were significantly different between PWEs and controls. Also, the type of epilepsy and lateralization seem to affect executive function (p = 0.049) and pragmatology scores (p &lt; 0.001), exhibiting differences in subgroup analysis.DiscussionDifferent theories are considered as plausible pathophysiological explanations for the aforementioned differences. This research might serve as a basis to further investigate the cognitive aspects of epilepsy and possible pharmacological interventions, which are currently lacking.
Spectris™ treatment preserves corpus callosum structure in Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Da Xiao , Hempel Evan , Brickman Adam M. , Hajós Mihály , Kern Ralph , Cimenser Aylin 
Published: October 2024

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of 40Hz gamma stimulation on the preservation of the corpus callosum, a critical structure for interhemispheric connectivity, in people with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.MethodsOVERTURE (NCT03556280) participants were randomized 2:1 (Active:Sham) to receive daily, 1-h, 40Hz gamma sensory stimulation or sham treatment for 6 months. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed to assess changes in corpus callosum area (N = 50; 33 for active, 17 for sham). Bayesian linear mixed-effects modeling was used to assess differences in longitudinal changes of corpus callosum area between the two treatment groups.ResultsAll observed differences in corpus callosum area favored the active treatment group. Differences were observed in the total corpus callosum area (2.28 ± 0.87%, p &lt; 0.02) and its subregions, including genu/rostrum (2.36 ± 0.90%, p &lt; 0.02), anterior-body (2.64 ± 1.26%, p &lt; 0.04), mid-body (2.79 ± 1.18%, p &lt; 0.03), posterior-body (2.87 ± 1.41%, p &lt; 0.05), and splenium (1.58 ± 0.73%, p &lt; 0.04). Total corpus callosum area and some of the sub-regional differences, such as genu/rostrum and splenium, were observed as early as 3 months after commencement of treatment.InterpretationThe structural magnetic resonance imaging results from the OVERTURE Phase 2 study suggest that 6 months of non-invasive 40Hz stimulation reduces the rate of atrophy of the corpus callosum in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. The preservation of structural integrity in the corpus callosum, crucial for interhemispheric communication and cognitive function, may be achievable through this non-invasive approach, potentially providing a promising disease-modifying alternative in Alzheimer's disease management.
Study protocol: Cerebral autoregulation, brain perfusion, and neurocognitive outcomes after traumatic brain injury -CAPCOG-TBI
Authors: Caldas Juliana , Cardim Danilo , Edmundson Philip , Morales Jill , Feng Aaron , Ashley John Devin , Park Caroline , Valadka Alex , Foreman Michael , Cullum Munro , Sharma Kartavya , Liu Yulun , Zhu David , Zhang Rong , Ding Kan 
Published: October 2024

BackgroundModerate–severe traumatic brain injury (msTBI) stands as a prominent etiology of adult disability, with increased risk for cognitive impairment and dementia. Although some recovery often occurs within the first year post-injury, predicting long-term cognitive outcomes remains challenging, partly due to the significant pathophysiological heterogeneity of TBI, including acute cerebrovascular injury. The primary aim of our recently funded study, cerebral autoregulation, brain perfusion, and neurocognitive outcomes after traumatic brain injury (CAPCOG-TBI), is to determine if acute cerebrovascular dysfunction after msTBI measured using multimodal non-invasive neuromonitoring is associated with cognitive outcome at 1-year post-injury.MethodsThis longitudinal observational study will be conducted at two Level 1 trauma centers in Texas, USA, and will include adult patients with msTBI, and/or mild TBI with neuroimaging abnormalities. Multimodal cerebral vascular assessment using transcranial Doppler and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) will be conducted within 7-days of onset of TBI. Longitudinal outcomes, including cognitive/functional assessments (Glasgow Outcome Scale and Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System), cerebral vascular assessment, and imaging will be performed at follow-ups 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-injury. We aim to recruit 100 subjects with msTBI along with 30 orthopedic trauma controls (OTC). This study is funded by National Institute of Neurological Disease and Stroke (NINDS) and is registered on Clinicaltrial.org (NCT06480838).Expected resultsWe anticipate that msTBI patients will exhibit impaired cerebrovascular function in the acute phase compared to the OTC group. The severity of cerebrovascular dysfunction during this stage is expected to inversely correlate with cognitive and functional outcomes at 1-year post-injury. Additionally, recovery from cerebrovascular dysfunction is expected to be linked to cognitive recovery.ConclusionThe results of this study could help to understand the contribution of cerebrovascular dysfunction to cognitive outcomes after TBI and pave the way for innovative vascular-focused interventions aimed at enhancing cognitive recovery and mitigating neurodegeneration following msTB. In addition, its focus toward personalized medicine to aid in the management and prognosis of TBI patients.