bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Encoding spatiotemporal asymmetry in artificial cilia with a ctenophore-inspired soft-robotic platform
Authors: Peterman David J , Byron Margaret L 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
A remarkable variety of organisms use metachronal coordination (i.e. numerous neighboring appendages beating sequentially with a fixed phase lag) to swim or pump fluid. This coordination strategy is used by microorganisms to break symmetry at small scales where viscous effects dominate and flow is time-reversible. Some larger organisms use this swimming strategy at intermediate scales, where viscosity and inertia both play important roles. However, the role of individual propulsor kinematics—especially across hydrodynamic scales—is not well-understood, though the details of propulsor motion can be crucial for the efficient generation of flow. To investigate this behavior, we developed a new soft robotic platform using magnetoactive silicone elastomers to mimic the metachronally coordinated propulsors found in swimming organisms. Furthermore, we present a method to passively encode spatially asymmetric beating patterns in our artificial propulsors. We investigated the kinematics and hydrodynamics of three propulsor types, with varying degrees of asymmetry, using Particle Image Velocimetry and high-speed videography. We find that asymmetric beating patterns can move considerably more fluid relative to symmetric beating at the same frequency and phase lag, and that asymmetry can be passively encoded into propulsors via the interplay between elastic and magnetic torques. Our results demonstrate that nuanced differences in propulsor kinematics can substantially impact fluid pumping performance. Our soft robotic platform also provides an avenue to explore metachronal coordination at the meso-scale, which in turn can inform the design of future bioinspired pumping devices and swimming robots.
Evaluation of properties for Carbothane™ 3575A–based electrospun vascular grafts in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Chernonosova Vera S , Osipova Olesia S , Nuankai Zhou , Shundrina Inna K , Murashov Ivan S , Larichev Yurii V , Karpenko Andrey A , Laktionov Pavel P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Bioengineered vascular grafts (VGs) have emerged as a promising alternative to the treatment of damaged or occlusive vessels. It is thought that polyurethane (PU)-based scaffolds possess suitable hemocompatibility and biomechanics comparable to those of normal blood vessels. In this study, we investigated the properties of electrospun scaffolds comprising various blends of biostable polycarbonate-based PU (Carbothane™ 3575A) and gelatin. Scaffolds were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infra-red spectroscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, stress-loading tests, and interactions with primary human cells and blood. Data from in vitro experiments demonstrated that a scaffold produced from a blend of 5% Carbothane™ 3575A and 10% gelatin has proven to be a suitable material for fabricating a small-diameter VG. A comparative in vivo study of such VGs and expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) grafts implanted in the abdominal aorta of Wistar rats was performed. The data of intravital study and histological examination indicated that Carbothane-based electrospun grafts outclass ePTFE grafts and represent a promising device for preclinical studies to satisfy vascular surgery needs.
Appraisal of awareness about single use plastic bags (supbs) among consumers and shopkeepers of Lanka market, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Authors: Singh Harpreet , Meena Avadhesh Kumar , Sharma Sanjana , Kumar Vineet 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The awareness level of humans varies depending upon various known and unknown factors. Environmental awareness of an individual is the reflection of his/her thoughts, feelings and sensitivities towards the environment and its associated problems like degradation. It is the most important parameter for the measurement of implementation of government’s policies designed for the safeguard of environment and other related issues. The Indian Government decision for the complete ban on the Single-Use Plastic Bags (SUPBs) has been implemented in the whole country since 01 July 2022. Single-use plastic bags pose serious concerns for the environment and the economy of the country. The consumption as well as the disposal of plastic-related products is increasing day by day in India. Around 3.5 million tonnes of plastic waste are generated every year (CPCB 2020). The present paper is about the appraisal of the awareness level of consumers and shopkeepers about the use of plastic bags. In the present study, the primary survey is conducted to understand the awareness of consumers and shopkeepers regarding Single-Use Plastic Bags (SUPBs) in Lanka market, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. The study tries to relate the level of literacy, economic status, hesitation to carry own bags and demand for the plastic bags with the environment awareness level. Study reflects, there is a strong relationship between uses of plastic bags with economic, social, cultural, political status of the people. It also reflects the lack of enforcement of policies about the Single-Use Plastic Bags (SUPBs).
Classification of forest cover of Ta Dung National Park, Vietnam using optical satellite images
Authors: Thi Thanh Huong Nguyen , The Hien Nguyen , Thi Hang Phan , Thi Hoai Cao , Dinh Bao Ho 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The objective of this study was to classify the forest status of Ta Dung National Park, Vietnam using integrated satellite imagery and a machine learning algorithm to support biodiversity conservation and forest management. The complexity of land use poses a challenge to producing accurate land cover/land use maps using satellite imagery, particularly in tropical countries where farming often occurs in small, fragmented regions. This challenge is compounded when attempting to assess the natural forest status in tropical forests, which are inherently complex and have often experienced varying degrees of disturbance. Consequently, there is a need for approaches that enhance image classification accuracy while still allowing for the categorization of forest characteristics into reasonably homogeneous groups. In this study, we combined optical satellite images to classify the area of Ta Dung National Park, Vietnam into nine categories representing different forest statuses. Our results showed that integrating Sentinel-2 and Landsat 9 imagery using the random forest algorithm achieved a high classification accuracy of 84.75% with an overall accuracy and a kappa coefficient of 0.83. This approach can be applied to other areas facing similar challenges in classifying forest status.
Study on aluminum recovery from selected aluminum-containing packaging waste by pyrolysis system
Authors: Ngoc Lan Thao Ngo Thi , Doan Nguyen Dang Khoa 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Nowadays, consumers more frequently than not choose packaged food over fast food due to its convenience, high nutrition value, ease of preparation, and health friendliness. This has caused the amount of packaging waste in the world to increase rapidly, becoming one of the major dangers to the global environment. The potential hazard associated with this kind of waste and have been developing more innovative techniques to lessen its negative impacts. This study aims to convert food packaging wastes (FPWs) into raw materials (aluminum and carbon particles) using three combined methods: pyrolysis, mechanical and chemical treatment. This experiment used a furnace used in the laboratory to heat plastic packaging waste to obtain a solid fraction, under pre-set conditions, including temperatures of 500 °C, 600 °C, 700 °C, and 800 °C, and the retention time is 10 min, 20 min, 30 min. Specifically, the highest amount of solid fraction obtained was 20.9% at the condition of 500°C for 10 minutes, while the recovery rate was the lowest at 8.91% at the condition of 800 °C for 30 minutes. According to the references, the retention time condition of 30 minutes is the optimum for aluminum recovery, of which 800°C is the best with 8.11%, along with the ease of separation of aluminum fragments and aluminum particles out of the mixture. Finally, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis was used to confirm the composition of the solid obtained after the pyrolysis process, the selected wavelength ranged from 650-4000 cm−1. In summary, the experiment was successful when it found the optimal conditions for the pyrolysis method in recovering aluminum from packaging waste. In addition, the recovery of aluminum metal from this type of waste also contributes to solving the very high demand for this metal in recent times.
Development of the Optimal Logistics System for Organic Recycling
Authors: Hang Vo Thanh , Minh Dao Gia , Bich Ngoc Nguyen Vu , Tin To Huu , Minh Tram Thai Thi , Anh Tran Lan , Binh Nguyen The , Hong Dang Nguyen Ngoc , Ngoc Thao Pham Minh , Thinh Vo Tan 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Along with the socio-economic development, the generation of solid waste in Vietnam is increasing, becoming an environmental problem. The amount of domestic solid waste generated in Vietnam is currently about 25.5 million tons/year, and is expected to increase on average by 10-15% per year due to rapid population growth, combined with the process of industrialization and urbanization. However, the collection and treatment system of solid waste is still a dilemma. Domestic solid waste management is still treated in traditional ways such as incineration and landfill, causing many harms to the environment. The Optimal Logistic System for Organic Recycling study aims to develop an IoT integrated Logistics system, called LogiOT system, to promote the circular economy model in Vietnam, and proposes a plan to combine waste segregation and utilization of domestic organic wastes as food for worm farming sites to produce organic fertilizers, will reduce CO2 emissions in greenhouse gas emission, contributing to the promotion of model development Circular economy in Vietnam helps to make the environment greener and cleaner. In addition, the logistics model is proposed to solve the problem of the collection system of waste from households, as well as the distribution of organic solid waste to worm farms and distribution of organic fertilizers to the vegetable gardens appropriately, optimizing the cost of the transportation as well as balancing the amount of organic solid waste distributed and the amount required by the garden owners and the amount of solid waste discharged.
Letting Go
Authors: Kurz Demie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter 1 describes the need for more understanding of the challenges of parenting, which are underappreciated and often misunderstood, and it outlines the arguments of the book. It introduces the critical parental task of letting go and describes the tension parents face between maintaining control over key aspects of their teens’ lives so they remain safe and complete their education, while giving teens more freedoms and promoting their independence. Letting Go demonstrates that mothers are not simply in control of this process, that teens and young adults are active advocates for their views. Parenting and letting go take place through extended negotiations which sometimes go smoothly and sometimes involve conflict. Letting Go demonstrates the uncertainties parents face and the important role resources play in helping parents promote the success of their teens and young adults at a time when reaching adulthood has become a longer and more challenging process.
Conclusion
Authors: Kurz Demie 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Chapter 6 summarizes the argument of this book. Letting Go contributes to our understanding of parenting at two critical life stages, adolescence and young adulthood. And it expands knowledge of parenting more generally through mothers’ accounts of a key task of parenting: letting go, promoting the autonomy of teens and young adults. Parents are not simply in control of this process. Letting Go shows how parenting is a negotiated process between parents and their children, who are actively engaged in this process. This book also demonstrates the ways resources and social policy play a key role in parenting. The ability to promote the success of children, teens, and young adults is not only dependent on parents’ actions, but on the resources parents can access. Letting Go argues that there needs to be much greater social and governmental support for parenting.
Clinical decision support improves autoimmune/paraneoplastic antibody panel utilization
Authors: Nerenz Robert D , Hooshmand Sam I , Jackowiak Eric , Shirilla David , Yang Yushan , Yang Kai , Obeidat Ahmed Z 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Selection of autoimmune/paraneoplastic antibody panels remains challenging because health-care professionals often lack familiarity with panel contents, recommended specimen types, and antibody combinations for a given patient. Inappropriate use adds cost, prompts unnecessary additional workup, and delays the identification of the true cause of patient symptoms. In this study, we assessed whether order-entry clinical decision support can improve autoimmune/paraneoplastic antibody panel utilization.

Methods
An order-entry clinical decision support tool was embedded in the electronic health record system. Using a nested panel structure, the decision support tool prompted clinicians to identify their patient’s clinical presentation and guided selection of the appropriate tests. In addition, the tool featured a duplicate checking function to alert clinicians when placing multiple orders with substantially similar antibody content within a 3-month period. Panel ordering practices were assessed during the 12 months before implementation and compared with the 6 months immediately following implementation.

Results
Clinical decision support significantly reduced the monthly test volume of all orderables from 75.8 per month before implementation to 54.5 per month after implementation (incident rate ratio [IRR], 0.72; 95% CI, 0.63-0.81; P &lt; .001). Placement of multiple orders for panels with substantially overlapping antibody content also decreased significantly, from 7.0 per month to 1.2 per month (IRR, 0.17; 95% CI, 0.07-0.33; P &lt; .001). The number of neural-specific antibodies detected remained unchanged, but the reduction in total test volume increased the neural-specific antibody positivity rate from 4.2% to 6.8% (IRR, 1.61; 95% CI, 0.94-2.70; P = .075).

Conclusions
Order-entry clinical decision support offers an efficient and effective approach to improve the utilization of autoimmune/paraneoplastic antibody panels.
Recurrent evolution of small body size and loss of the sword ornament in Northern swordtail fish
Authors: Preising Gabriel A , Gunn Theresa , Baczenas John J , Powell Daniel L , Dodge Tristram O , Sewell Sean T , Pollock Alexa , Machin Kairuz Jose Angel , Savage Markita , Lu Yuan , Fitschen-Brown Meredith , Meyer Axel , Schartl Manfred , Cummings Molly , Thakur Sunishka , Inman Callen M , Ríos-Cardenas Oscar , Morris Molly , Tobler Michael , Schumer Molly 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Across the tree of life, species have repeatedly evolved similar phenotypes. While well-studied for ecological traits, there is also evidence for recurrent evolution of sexually selected traits. Swordtail fish (Xiphophorus) is a classic model system for studying sexual selection, and female Xiphophorus exhibit strong mate preferences for large male body sizes and a range of sexually dimorphic ornaments. Interestingly, sexually selected traits have also been lost multiple times in the genus. However, there has been uncertainty over the number of losses of ornamentation and large body size because phylogenetic relationships between species in this group have historically been controversial, partially due to prevalent gene flow. Here, we use whole-genome sequencing approaches to reexamine phylogenetic relationships within a Xiphophorus clade that varies in the presence and absence of sexually selected traits. Using wild-caught individuals, we determine the phylogenetic placement of a small, unornamented species, X. continens, confirming an additional loss of ornamentation and large body size in the clade. With these revised phylogenetic relationships, we analyze evidence for coevolution between body size and other sexually selected traits using phylogenetic comparative methods. These results provide insights into the evolutionary pressures driving the recurrent loss of suites of sexually selected traits.
Life Out of the Shadows: the Impacts of Regularization Programs on the Lives of Forced Migrants
Authors: Ibáñez Ana María , Moya Andrés , Ortega María Adelaida , Rozo Sandra V , Urbina Maria José 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
We examine the well-being effects of a regularization program offered to half a million Venezuelan forced migrants in Colombia. We collected data on more than 2000 such migrants and compared the well-being of those who arrived in Colombia before and after the date that defined program eligibility. Since this date was announced ex-post and was unknown to the public, we could credibly evaluate the program’s impact. We find that program beneficiaries experienced large improvements in well-being, including consumption per capita (a gain of 48%), monthly labor income (an increase of 22%), and health status (an increment of 1.2 standard deviations). These positive outcomes largely stemmed from improved access to services, particularly the social protection system, subsidized healthcare system, and financial services. We also find that the fiscal costs incurred by the Colombian government for a regularized migrant household are lower than those for an irregular migrant household.
Burden and Risk Factors of Cervical Spine Conditions in Military Aircrew From 1997 to 2015: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Lang Richard W , Porensky Paul , Fraser John J 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Military aviators may have increased risk of cervical spine injuries because of exposure to supraphysiologic forces and vibration during dynamic flight. Aviator medical attrition impairs mission readiness, decreases operational capabilities, increases overall DoDcosts, and decreases retention of seasoned aviators. This study evaluated incidence and risk factors for cervical spine conditions in U.S. military aviators from 1997 to 2015.

Materials and Methods
The Defense Medical Epidemiological Database was queried for aviators with a diagnosis of cervical spine conditions. Pertinent ICD-9 codes for cervical spine pathology were ascertained from U.S. Army, Air Force, and Naval Air Forces aeromedical references. Negative binomial regressions assessed sex, age, service, aircraft, and year on incidence of conditions. Rates were compared to non-aviator controls. The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board at the Naval Health Research Center (NHRC.2020.0205-NHSR).

Results
Incidence rates were 9.78 to 12.57/1,000 person-years for neck pain, 2.04 to 3.89/1,000 person-years for degenerative conditions without neurological involvement, and 0.94 to 1.36/1,000 person-years for degenerative conditions with neurological involvement. Aviation occupation (relative risk [RR] 1.41–2.05), female sex (RR 3.32–7.89), age over 40 (RR 2.39–4.62), and service in the Army or Marine Corps (RR 1.62–2.14) were risk factors.

Conclusions
Military aviators had a statistically significant increase in risk of neck pain and medically disqualifying degenerative cervical spine conditions compared to non-aviator controls. Rates of neck pain increased in all aviators over the study epoch. Possible explanations could be related to the operational demands and the increased use of forward helmet-mounted display systems during the study period, a supposition that requires further investigation. There was no significant difference in rates of neck pain or degenerative cervical conditions between aircraft platforms (fighter/bomber, other fixed wing, and rotary wing). Female sex, age over 40 years, and Army/Marine Corps service were the greatest risk factors for neck pain and degenerative cervical spine conditions. Targeted prevention programs and expanded treatment modalities are necessary to reduce aviator attrition and Department of Defense cost burden.
An Opt-Out Emergency Department Screening Intervention Leads to Major Increases in Diagnosis of Syphilis
Authors: Stanford Kimberly A , Mason Joseph , Friedman Eleanor , Hazra Aniruddha , Augustine Erin , Schneider John 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
With rising rates of syphilis in the United States, novel strategies are needed to improve early diagnosis, particularly among priority populations such as pregnant people. As the primary source of healthcare for many communities with limited access to care, the emergency department (ED) visit represents a crucial opportunity for syphilis detection and congenital syphilis prevention.

Methods
This pre–post design study examined all ED encounters for 2-year periods before and after implementation of an opt-out ED syphilis screening intervention in May 2019 at a large, urban, academic ED. Data on laboratory testing, syphilis status, and demographics were extracted from the medical record. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to examine trends in syphilis screening and diagnosis.

Results
Syphilis screening increased from 5209 (3.6%) to 37 289 (24.4%) encounters. Presumed active syphilis infection (PAI) increased 288%, from 161 patients (3.1% of those screened) to 624 (1.7%). The proportion of female PAI increased from 25.6% to 42.5%, despite no change in proportion of females screened. Post-intervention, 23.6% of PAI were tested for a urogenital sexually transmitted infection (STI) in the ED and 9.0% presented with symptoms of an STI by diagnosis code. Among pregnant people, screening increased from 5.9% to 49.9% of encounters, and syphilis diagnosis increased 750%, from 2 cases to 15.

Conclusions
Opt-out ED syphilis screening led to a dramatic increase in screening and diagnosis, especially among pregnant individuals, a priority population for congenital syphilis prevention. Most individuals with syphilis did not have STI symptoms. Opt-out screening will be an important strategy in the effort to address the syphilis epidemic.