bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The selection process can improve the outcome in locally advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer: activity and results of a dedicated multidisciplinary colorectal cancer centre
Authors: Kontovounisios C. , Tan E. , Pawa N. , Brown G. , Tait D. , Cunningham D. , Rasheed S. , Tekkis P. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThere is wide disparity in the care of patients with multivisceral involvement of rectal cancer. The results are presented of treatment of advanced and recurrent colorectal cancer from a centre where a dedicated multidisciplinary team (MDT) is central to the management.MethodAll consecutive MDT referrals between 2010 and 2014 were examined. Analysis was undertaken of the referral pathway, site, selection process, management decision, R0 resection rate, mortality/morbidity/Clavien–Dindo (CD) classification of morbidity, length of stay (LOS) and improvement of quality of life.ResultsThere were 954 referrals. These included locally advanced primary rectal cancer (LAPRC b‐TME) (39.0%), rectal recurrence (RR) (22.0%), locally advanced primary colon cancer (LAPCC T3c/d‐T4) (21.1%), colon cancer recurrence (CR) (12.4%), locally advanced primary anal cancer (LAPAC‐failure of CRT/T3c/d‐T4) (3.0%) and anal cancer recurrence (AR) (2.2%). Among these patients 271 operations were performed, 212 primary and 59 for recurrence. These included 16 sacrectomies, 134 total pelvic exenterations and 121 other multi‐visceral exenterative procedures. An R0 resection (no microscopic margin involvement) was achieved in 94.4% and R1 (microscopic margin involvement) in 5.1%. In LAPRC b‐TME the R0 rate was 96.1% and for RR it was 79%. The LOS varied from 13.3 to 19.9 days. RR operations had the highest morbidity (CD 1–2, 33.3%) and LAPRC operations had the highest rate of CD 3–4 complications (18.4%). Most (39.6%) of the referred patients were from other UK hospitals.ConclusionAdvanced colorectal cancer can be successfully treated in a dedicated referral centre, achieving R0 resection in over 90% with low morbidity and mortality. Implementation of a standardized referral pathway is encouraged.
Factors Affecting the Outlook for Medium‐term to Long‐term Growth in China
Authors: Lin Justin Yifu , Wan Guanghua , Morgan Peter J. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractChina achieved average GDP growth of nearly 10 percent over the period 1978–2015. However, how long can such high levels of growth be sustained, especially when per capita GDP levels have reached middle‐income status, and the normal tendency of economies is to slow down as they mature? This paper reviews the recent literature on the determinants and outlook for real GDP growth in China and addresses some of the key issues, including identifying supply‐side factors that can support continued strong growth under favorable conditions, as well as risk factors that might cause growth to fall short. The paper reviews supply‐side determinants of growth using a growth accounting framework, and also assesses major demand‐side factors driving potential growth, including exports, capital formation and household consumption.
Examining the durability of a hybrid, remote and computer‐based cognitive remediation intervention for adolescents with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome
Authors: Mariano Margaret A. , Tang Kerri , Kurtz Matthew , Kates Wendy R. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimSchizophrenia and 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS) share similar patterns of cognitive deficits. Up to 30% of those with 22q11DS develop schizophrenia during early adulthood. As cognitive decline has recently been found to predict onset of psychosis in adolescents with 22q11DS, early interventions such as cognitive remediation (CR) during adolescence are warranted. This paper investigates the durability of a remote, computerized, CR programme for youth with 22q11DS. Our aim was to determine if the positive effects of CR persisted 6 months beyond intervention completion.MethodsA longitudinal design with 21 participants serving as their own controls was used. Youth were seen for neurocognitive assessments at pre‐treatment, after the targeted 8‐month intervention, at post‐treatment, and 6 months after for follow‐up. During the intervention, cognitive coaches met remotely with participants for CR via video conferencing three times a week, and offered task‐specific strategies. To determine if intervention improvements held across the 6‐month follow‐up period, neurocognitive measures were statistically examined with repeated measures analysis of variances from pre‐treatment through follow‐up.ResultsOur CR intervention proved durable. Post‐treatment improvements comprising cognitive flexibility, executive function, reaction time and working memory were maintained over the follow‐up period.ConclusionsResults confirm previous research regarding the durability of CR treatment and extend these findings to youth with 22q11DS. The present study may serve to inform early intervention efforts focused on cognitive and functionally relevant rehabilitation goals for youth with 22q11DS and suggests that 22q11DS can potentially serve as a suitable model for examining the trajectory preceding psychosis.
Gene‐environment interaction between the brain‐derived neurotrophic factor Val66Met polymorphism, psychosocial stress and dietary intake in early psychosis
Authors: Gattere Giulia , Stojanovic‐Pérez Alexander , Monseny Rosa , Martorell Lourdes , Ortega Laura , Montalvo Itziar , Solé Montse , Algora María José , Cabezas Ángel , Reynolds Rebecca M. , Vilella Elisabet , Labad Javier 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThe brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major participant in the regulation of food intake and may play a role in the regulation of the stress response. We aimed to investigate whether there is a gene‐environment interaction in the relationship between stress and BDNF Val66Met polymorphism in relation to dietary patterns in a sample of subjects with early psychosis.MethodsWe studied 124 early psychotic disorder (PD) patients, 36 At‐Risk Mental States (ARMS) and 62 healthy subjects (HS). Dietary patterns were examined by a dietician. Physical activity, life stress and perceived stress were assessed by validated questionnaires. BDNF Val66Met polymorphism (rs6265) was genotyped. A gene‐environment interaction was tested with multiple linear regression analysis while adjusting for covariates.ResultsPerceived stress was not associated with calorie intake in HS. In ARMS subjects, Met‐carriers who presented low‐perceived stress were associated with increased caloric intake. Conversely, those who presented high‐perceived stress were associated with reduced caloric intake. In PD, perceived stress was neither associated with increased calorie intake without an effect by BDNF genotype nor a gene‐environment interaction. Perceived stress was associated with food craving in PD patients, independent of genotype, and in ARMS or HS who were Val homozygous.ConclusionsThis study suggests that the common Val66Met polymorphism of the BDNF gene may modulate the relationship between life stress and calorie intake in subjects at risk for psychosis.
Revision for the swordtail cricket genus Homoeoxipha (Grylloidea: Trigonidiidae: Trigonidiinae) from China
Authors: Ma Libin , Liu Yang , Zhang Yalin 
Published: September 2016

AbstractSpecies of Homoeoxipha are very small and always live on leaves of shrubs and grasses. This genus contains ten species worldwide and is distributed across five zoological regions, from Africa to New Guinea. Homoeoxipha lycoides is the type species of this genus and possesses the characteristic coloration for the genus. These coloration features resulted in some synonyms and disputes over species, because most Homoeoxipha species are ornamented with a similar coloration pattern. We compared and documented the differences between H. lycoides and its relatives in China. A new important character, the epiphallic transversal suture, is used to distinguish them. Based on this work, all of the Chinese species, H. lycoides, H. obliterata and H. nigripes, and one new species, H. eurylobus, with similar coloration to H. lycoides, are described and illustrated.
Fibre digestibility and its relationships with chemical and morphological traits in thirty‐two sugarcane varieties
Authors: Daniel J. L. P. , Jacovaci F. A. , Junges D. , Santos M. C. , Lima J. R. , Anjos I. A. , Landell M. G. A. , Huhtanen P. , Nussio L. G. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThe objectives of this study were to determine the range of neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility across sugarcane varieties and predict dry‐matter (DM) and NDF digestibility based on morphological and chemical composition. Whole plants of thirty‐two commercial varieties were collected after 12 months regrowth (second cut) and evaluated for morphological traits, chemical composition, in situ digestibility of NDF (NDFD) and of DM (DMD), in vitro NDFD (IVNDFD) and gas production dynamics from isolated NDF. The content of NDF ranged from 404 to 547 g kg−1 DM, DMD was between 593 and 739 g kg−1 and NDFD varied from 270 to 363 g kg−1. Cluster and discriminant analyses for NDFD agglomerated sugarcane genotypes into three groups (high, medium and low NDFD). The contents of NDF and lignin were the best univariate predictors of sugarcane DMD and NDFD respectively. Therefore, associating NDF and lignin improved the accuracy of DMD prediction. Associating lignin concentration with the number of dry leaves and stalk length significantly improved the goodness of fit of NDFD prediction. Contrary to expectations, silicon concentration was not related to NDFD. The principal component analysis patterned the content of neutral detergent solubles, NDFD and variables related to DM yield in different components. Hence, these characteristics would coexist in the same variety. Based on Lucas test and kinetics of gas production from NDF, sugarcane potentially digestible NDF (pdNDF) can be considered almost uniform (pdNDF digestibility = 677 g kg−1). In conclusion, associating chemical composition and morphological traits can successfully improve the screening of sugarcane genotypes for animal nutrition.
A novel method for soft tissue retraction during periapical surgery using 3D technology: a case report
Authors: Patel S. , Aldowaisan A. , Dawood A. 
Published: September 2016

AbstractAimThis case report describes a new approach to isolation and soft tissue retraction during endodontic surgery using cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT), computer‐aided design (CAD) and three‐dimensional (3D) printing.SummaryA 53‐year‐old patient presented for endodontic treatment of her maxillary left central incisor. It was decided to treat this tooth with a microsurgical approach. The data from the diagnostic CBCT scan were also used to make a physical model of the operative site, and CAD software was used to design a soft tissue retractor to be used during the patient's surgery. A custom retractor was then fabricated using a 3D printer. The custom‐made retractor enhanced visualization and soft tissue handling during the patient's surgery. The patient was asymptomatic at a 1‐year review. No abnormalities were detected during her clinical examination, and radiographic examination revealed complete healing of the surgical site.Key learning points

The significance of proper soft tissue retraction in periapical microsurgery is underemphasized.
Geometric data from CBCT scans may be harvested for a variety of uses, adding value to the examination.
3D printing is a promising technology that may potentially have many uses in endodontic surgery.
Variance Estimation of Imputed Estimators of Change for Repeated Rotating Surveys
Authors: Berger Yves G. , Escobar Emilio L. 
Published: September 2016

SummaryA common problem in survey sampling is to compare two cross‐sectional estimates for the same study variable taken from two different waves or occasions. These cross‐sectional estimates often include imputed values to compensate for item non‐response. The estimation of the sampling variance of the estimator of change is useful to judge whether the observed change is statistically significant. Estimating the variance of a change is not straightforward because of the rotation in repeated surveys and imputation. We propose using a multivariate linear regression approach and show how it can be used to accommodate the effect of rotation and imputation. The regression approach gives a design‐consistent estimation of the variance of change when the sampling fraction is small. We illustrate the proposed approach using random hot‐deck imputation, although the proposed estimator can be implemented with other imputation techniques.
Characterization of the Polishing‐Induced Contamination of Fused Silica Optics
Authors: Pfiffer Mathilde , Longuet Jean‐Louis , Labrugère Christine , Fargin Evelyne , Bousquet Bruno , Dussauze Marc , Lambert Sébastien , Cormont Philippe , Néauport Jérôme 
Published: September 2016

In this work, the polishing‐induced contamination layer at the fused silica optics surface was studied with various interface analysis techniques: Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS), Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA), X‐Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma—Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP‐OES). Samples were prepared using an MRF polishing machine and cerium‐based slurry. The cerium and iron penetration and concentration were measured in the surface out of defects. Cerium is embedded at the surface in a 60 nm layer and concentrated at 1200 ppmw in this layer while iron concentration falls down at 30 nm. Spatial distribution and homogeneity of the pollution were also studied in the scratches and bevel using SIMS and EPMA techniques. We saw evidence that surface defects, such as scratches, are specific places that hold the pollutants. This overconcentration is also observed in the chamfer. These new insights into the polishing‐induced contamination of fused silica optics and it repartition have been obtained using various characterization methods. Advantages and disadvantages of each one are discussed.
Preschool Children, Painting and Palimpsest: Collaboration as Pedagogy, Practice and Learning
Authors: Cutcher Alexandra , Boyd Wendy 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article describes a small, collaborative, arts‐based research project conducted in two rural early childhood centres in regional Australia, where the children made large‐scale collaborative paintings in partnership with teachers and researchers. Observation of young children's artistic practices, in order to inform the development of pre‐service curriculum and pedagogy was a central aim of the project. The findings are framed with respect to pedagogy, practice and learning: the pedagogy that supports children's artmaking; the benefits of learning in and through the arts, and the notion of collective practice in early childhood settings. Findings suggest that collaborative and intergenerational artmaking in early childhood settings enable powerful learning opportunities. A combination of establishing a rich art environment, applying constraints, yet allowing for children's agency can create a rich and engaging art education, which is vital in any setting if children are to develop their aesthetic awareness, artistic skills, and critical, abstract, imaginative, collaborative and creative thinking. The role of the proactive art educator in children's development is crucial, which has implications for teacher preparation and in‐service professional development. These project findings also have implications for ecologies of learning and communities of practice from early childhood to higher education.
QTL editing confers opposing yield performance in different rice varieties
Authors: Shen Lan , Wang Chun , Fu Yaping , Wang Junjie , Liu Qing , Zhang Xiaoming , Yan Changjie , Qian Qian , Wang Kejian 
Published: September 2016

SummaryGrain yield is one of the most important and complex trait for genetic improvement in crops; it is known to be controlled by a number of genes known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs). In the past decade, many yield‐contributing QTLs have been identified in crops. However, it remains unclear whether those QTLs confer the same yield performance in different genetic backgrounds. Here, we performed CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated QTL editing in five widely‐cultivated rice varieties and revealed that the same QTL can have diverse, even opposing, effects on grain yield in different genetic backgrounds.
Immunohistochemical analysis of myofibroblasts, TGF‐β1, and IFN‐γ in epithelial odontogenic lesions
Authors: Santos Pedro Paulo de Andrade , Nonaka Cassiano Francisco Weege , Freitas Roseana de Almeida , Pereira Pinto Leão , Souza Lélia Batista de 
Published: September 2016

AimTo investigate the presence of myofibroblasts (MFBs) in epithelial odontogenic lesions by immunohistochemistry and to correlate the findings with tumor aggressiveness, as well as to analyze the expression of TGF‐β1 and IFN‐γ during the differentiation of these cells.Methods and ResultsTwenty solid ameloblastomas (SAs), 10 unicystic ameloblastomas (UAs), 20 keratocystic odontogenic tumors (KCOTs), and 20 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOTs) were selected. For evaluation of the presence of MFBs, anti‐α‐SMA‐immunoreactive cells were quantified in connective tissue near the epithelium. The expression of TGF‐β1 and IFN‐γ was evaluated in epithelial and connective tissue by determining the percentage of immunoreactive cells. A higher concentration of MFBs was observed in SAs (mean of 30.55), followed by KCOTs (22.50), UAs (20.80), and AOTs (19.15) (P = 0.001). There was no significant correlation between the immunoexpression of TGF‐β1 or IFN‐γ and the number of MFBs (P > 0.05).ConclusionsThe larger number of MFBs suggests that these cells are one of the factors responsible for the more aggressive biological behavior of these lesions. The lack of correlation between the number of MFBs and immunoexpression of TGF‐β1 and IFN‐γ indicates that these proteins are not involved in the differentiation of this type of contractile cell in the lesions studied and that only the use of immunohistochemistry to establish such a correlation is a limiting factor.
Medication Adherence After Renal Transplantation—a Review of the Literature
Authors: Rebafka Anne 
Published: September 2016

SUMMARYBackgroundWhether or not patients follow the advice given by their healthcare professional is commonly referred to as adherence. In the case of kidney transplantation, transplant recipients need to take immunosuppressive drugs on a regular basis to prevent rejection of their transplant. However, medication adherence can be problematic for many patients.ObjectivesThis critical appraisal of evidence aimed to gain insights into factors contributing to adherence and non‐adherence in recipients of kidney transplants, and to explore patients’ perceptions regarding adherence to immunosuppression.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed using Medline, PsycInfo, the Joanna Briggs Institute, CINAHL and the Cochrane Library. Included were primary research studies or reviews of primary research, independent of their research paradigms, on adult kidney or kidney/pancreas transplant recipients published in English or German. Children or adolescents were not considered. No time‐frame was appliedResultsFifty‐two papers were included in the review. All extracted findings of included papers were organised according to the five factors influencing medication‐taking behaviour as defined by the World Health Organisation: social and economic factors; therapy‐related factors; patient‐related factors; condition‐related factors; healthcare team and system‐related factors.ConclusionReasons for non‐adherence after kidney transplantations are diverse. Attention is attracted by the fact that potentially modifiable factors such as social support, experiences on dialysis, side effects, features of the treatment regimen, intentions and beliefs, forgetfulness and mental health issues play a greater role than other factors in the development of medication non‐adherence. Factors not related to patient characteristics seem to be under researched.
Poetry and Atomism in the Civil War and Restoration
Authors: Gorman Cassandra 
Published: September 2016

AbstractPoetry was a great communicator of natural philosophical ideas in 17th‐century England, and the writing and reading of it substantially increased the numbers of the audience engaging with and contributing to scientific knowledge. This was especially the case with atomism, a philosophical theory with poetical roots in the work of Lucretius, which considered the existence of unfathomable particles that could only be described by what they were not – invisible indivisibles – or by what they could be likened to. Atomism captured the popular literary imagination. In this article, I address some of the many ways in which the ‘atom’ assumed greater philosophical, political and theological significance through its appearances in poetry from the Civil War to the Restoration, and I consider the shape of recent critical interest in atomism and imaginative literature, especially in the reception of Lucretius. While the negative connotations of atomic imagery have long been discussed by critics, I argue that the field should move forward by drawing out the equally diverse, yet largely untold, ways in which atomism assumed metaphysical and spiritual significance in 17th‐century poetry.
Non‐Anthropocentric Narrative Strategies in Recent Experimental US Fiction
Authors: Traub Courtney 
Published: September 2016

AbstractThis article pinpoints a genre of contemporary experimental fiction that troubles normative ethical and representational demarcations between human and nonhuman life, aggregating in ecologically posthumanist, non‐anthropocentric perspectives. After offering an overview of current ecocritical debates around humanness and naturalness in the Anthropocene, the article considers two contemporary novels from the US that employ formal devices and self‐reflexive narrative strategies to disrupt the assumed primacy of the human. Addressing problems of human‐driven environmental disruption, biodiversity, and nonhuman personhood, Mark Z. Danielewski'sOnly Revolutions() and Evan Dara'sThe Lost Scrapbook() offer concrete examples of such strategies. Simultaneously deconstructive and reconstructive, these texts excoriate reigning Western discourses about Nature while imagining less deleterious sorts of relations humans might forge with the natural nonhuman world. Moreover, while the realist narrative strategies associated with traditional “nature writing” are largely absent in these experimental texts, their attention to concrete environmental risks and ethical quandaries diverges from postmodernism's purported treatment of the natural world as a mere arena of discourse subject to perpetual deconstruction. Instead, the self‐reflexive, antitotalizing, and contingent qualities associated most frequently with literary postmodernism and poststructuralist critique serve to unseat the presumptions of classical humanism, offering alternative ways of trying to know and relate to the nonhuman world – or even suggesting thatnot knowingconstitutes an ecological ethos in itself. “Critical anthropomorphism” is a strategy and trope already present in the seminal ecological writings of Henry David Thoreau and discernible inOnly Revolutions. Rather than re‐inscribing the centrality of humanness, it imagines the extension of personhood to nonhuman life. Meanwhile, in Dara's novel, the natural world figures as both radically other from, and inextricably connected to, the human: as such, the former stands in what Caribbean poet and critic Édouard Glissant would call “opaque relationality” to the latter. An ethos of opacity thus constitutes a second, radically non‐anthropocentric narrative strategy in this experimental fiction. Narrative opacity offers decentered, contingent accounts of human interactions with the natural world rather than hierarchically ordered or taxonomically precise ones, effectively troubling the presumptions of epistemological control and stewardship over the nonhuman that dominate in traditional nature writing.