bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How does heat generation affect the cut and chip wear of rubber?
Authors: Ryzí Nikolas , Stoček Radek , Maloch Jaroslav , Stěnička Martin 
Published: September 2024

AbstractTire wear is a fracture process that has a decisive impact on tire life and on the environment. When a tire rolls, a heating process occurs due to friction caused by the viscoelastic rubber sliding over uneven road. This process occurs globally in the contact patch area and locally around the asperity tips, heating the tread and transferring heat to the surrounding material. On roads with a good quality pavement, the stress, and therefore the heat, is evenly distributed throughout the rubber material of the tire, which has a direct effect on fatigue wear. In contrast, unevenly distributed stress, and therefore heat, is generated in the tread when the tire rolls and slides over sharp asperities in rough terrain. This leads to very pronounced, unstable fracture processes that cause unevenly distributed wear, known as cut and chip (CC). The extent of heat generation or temperature evolution and its effect on CC wear have not yet been investigated and described in scientific publications. Therefore, this study firstly presents the detailed characterization of the influence of temperature development on the CC wear of a styrene–butadiene rubber, which commonly is used in treads of consumer tires. The investigations were carried out using the unique instrumented cut and chip technique in combination with a high-speed thermography.
Ovarian reserve alteration in premenopausal women with systemic sclerosis
Authors: Pecher A. C. , Henes J. C. , Demin A. , Staufenberg E. M. , Henes M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAnti-Muellerian hormone (AMH) is produced by the granulosa cells of ovarian follicles. It serves as a sensitive laboratory parameter for assessing ovarian reserve. A reduced ovarian reserve has been observed in patients with various autoimmune diseases. To compare serum levels of AMH as a surrogate parameter for ovarian reserve in female patients with systemic sclerosis compared to healthy controls and thereby assess fertility. In this single centre study from the University Hospital Tuebingen, Germany, we used serum samples to determine concentrations of AMH via an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. We analysed 30 premenopausal female patients with systemic sclerosis and 30 age-matched healthy controls from 18 to 40 years. Patients who had received cyclophosphamide were excluded from this study. AMH levels were significantly reduced in patients with systemic sclerosis (955 ng/l versus 1.940 ng/L, p < 0.01). Interestingly, in contrast to healthy controls, we observed no significant correlation between age and AMH levels in patients. For women diagnosed with systemic sclerosis, especially at a younger age, regular assessment of AMH levels should be considered to improve guidance with regard to optimal pregnancy timepoint, fertility preservation and treatment options.
Levinson–Smith Dissipative Equations and Geometry of GENERIC Formalism and Contact Hamiltonian Mechanics
Authors: Cariñena José F. , Choudhury A. Ghose , Guha Partha 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe apply Jacobi’s Last Multiplier theory to construct the non-standard Lagrangian and Hamiltonian structures for the Levinson–Smith equations satisfying the Chiellini integrability condition. Then after a brief exposition of the contact geometry, we explore its connection with the non-standard Hamiltonian structures. We present the formulation of the Levinson–Smith equation in terms of General Equation for the Non-Equilibrium Reversible-Irreversible Coupling (GENERIC) method and also study the gradient-type flow. We give a geometric formulation of GENERIC and apply this to general Levinson–Smith equations.
Transrectal versus transperineal prostate fusion biopsy: a pair-matched analysis to evaluate accuracy and complications
Authors: Oderda Marco , Diamand Romain , Abou Zahr Rawad , Anract Julien , Assenmacher Gregoire , Barry Delongchamps Nicolas , Bui Alexandre Patrick , Benamran Daniel , Calleris Giorgio , Dariane Charles , Ferriero Mariaconsiglia , Fiard Gaelle , Taha Fayek , Fourcade Alexandre , Fournier Georges , Guenzel Karsten , Halinski Adam , Marra Giancarlo , Ploussard Guillaume , Rysankova Katerina , Roche Jean-Baptiste , Simone Giuseppe , Windisch Olivier , Gontero Paolo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate biopsy-related complications and detection rates of any PCa and clinically significant PCa (csPCa, intended as grade group ≥ 2) between MRI-targeted TP fusion biopsies (TPBx) and TR ones (TRBx).

Methods
We performed a multicentric study on 4841 patients who underwent fusion biopsy between 2016 and 2023. A case–control matching was performed to find comparable cohorts of 646 TPBx and 646 TRBx. Mean T test and Pearson chi-square tests were used to compare continuous and categorical variables.

Results
Baseline characteristics were comparable between the cohorts, except for target location with a higher rate of anterior lesions in TPBx group. Complications were rare and no difference was found between the groups, with similar rates of infections after TRBx and TPBx (N = 5 (0.8%) vs N = 2 (0.3%), p 0.45). All patients in TRBx and 90.1% in TPBx group received antibiotic prophylaxis. A higher csPCa detection rate was found in TPBx over the group (50.5% vs 36.2%, p < 0.001). On average, positive targeted cores were increased in TPBx group, for any PCa (1.6 vs 1.4, p 0.04) and csPCa (1.0 vs 0.8, p 0.02). Among the limitations of study, we acknowledge the retrospective design and the possible under-reporting of complications.

Conclusions
MRI-targeted fusion TPBx achieves a significantly higher csPCa detection than TRBx, with a diagnostic advantage for apical and anterior lesions. No significant differences were found in terms of complications that were rare in both groups, considering a widespread adoption of antibiotic prophylaxis.
Assessment of acute radial artery injury after distal transradial access for coronary intervention: an optical coherence tomography study
Authors: Niu Dan , Wang Yuntao , Wu Yongxia , Li Zixuan , Liu Hao , Guo Jincheng 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
There is a paucity of data on acute radial artery (RA) injuries using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients undergoing coronary intervention via distal transradial coronary access (dTRA). To evaluate the incidence of acute RA injury following dTRA for coronary intervention using OCT. We retrospectively analyzed 200 consecutive patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent coronary intervention guided by OCT and RA-OCT after dTRA at our center between June 2021 and November 2022. Total length of RA was divided into three segments based on the sheath location during dTRA: no sheath protection portion (proximal RA segment) and sheath protection portion (divided into mid- and distal segments). Acute RA injuries, including tears, dissections, perforations, thrombi, and spasms, were analyzed. Radial artery occlusion (RAO) was assessed using ultrasonography 24 h after dTRA. Acute RA injury was observed in 45.5% of patients after dTRA. The incidence of tear, dissection, perforation, thrombi, and spasm in all the patients was 11.5%, 16.5%, 1.5%, 17.5%, and 17.5%, respectively. In segment-level analysis, dissection and spasm were significantly more frequent in the proximal segment, followed by the mid and distal segments (11.0% vs. 5.5% vs. 4.5%, P = 0.015; 13.0% vs. 4.0% vs. 4.5%, P = 0.002). The rate of RAO at 24-h follow-up was 3.0%. Acute RA injuries were observed in nearly half of the patients using OCT via dTRA; dissection and spasm occurred more frequently in the proximal segment. Hydrophilic-coated sheaths have the potential advantage of preventing radial artery spasm and dissection.
Archimedean solids in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries
Authors: Viana Vera 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSeveral artists, artisans, and mathematicians described fascinating solid bodies in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. The knowledge they developed on the subject was so progressive that it is considered a milestone in the history of polyhedra. In the first part of this study we analyze, from a chronological and comparative perspective, the consistent studies developed between 1460 and 1583 on those that came to be recognized as Archimedean Solids. The authors who engaged in such studies were Piero della Francesca, Luca Pacioli, Leonardo da Vinci, Albrecht Dürer, Augustin Hirschvogel, an Anonymous Author who accomplished remarkable studies between 1538 and 1556, Wentzel Jamnitzer, Daniele Barbaro, Lorenz Stöer, Rafael Bombelli, and Simon Stevin. In the second part, we discuss how the revolutionary method of describing solid bodies with planar nets contributed to the rediscovery of the Archimedean Solids. We also present our interpretation of some of the studies by the Anonymous Author and our conclusions on his identity and influence on other authors.
Bulk universality for complex non-Hermitian matrices with independent and identically distributed entries
Authors: Maltsev Anna , Osman Mohammed 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe consider $$N\times N$$

N
×
N

matrices with complex entries that are perturbed by a complex Gaussian matrix with small variance. We prove that if the unperturbed matrix satisfies certain local laws then the bulk correlation functions are universal in the large N limit. Assuming the entries are independent and identically distributed (iid) with a common distribution that has finite moments, the Gaussian component is removed by the four moment theorem of Tao and Vu.
Inverse analysis for the computation of growth and boundary conditions in elastic bodies
Authors: Olivesi Cécilia , Muñoz José J. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA common approach for modelling growth processes in tissues and organs is the decomposition of the deformation gradient into elastic and growth contributions. The latter is usually deduced from empirically motivated laws, and validated by comparing the simulated and experimental final shapes. We here solve the associated inverse problem: deduce the growth distribution that best fits the measured deformation of an elastic body. Since in practical problems, boundary conditions are also in general unknown, we extend our methodology and optimality conditions to the inference of the boundary reaction forces. The system of equations is guaranteed to have a solution by resorting to an iterative regularisation process that we numerically analyse in order to deduce suitable parameters. Uniqueness of the solution is analysed as a function of the given measured positions, and ensured when the measured data encompass all the nodes of the mesh. In other situations, uniqueness can be guaranteed under some conditions on the data and elasticity stiffness matrix. We test and demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodology to capture arbitrary deformed shapes with a set of three-dimensional synthetic problems.
On the generalization of PINNs outside the training domain and the hyperparameters influencing it
Authors: Bonfanti Andrea , Santana Roberto , Ellero Marco , Gholami Babak 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGeneralization is a key property of machine learning models to perform accurately on unseen data. Conversely, in the field of scientific machine learning (SciML), generalization entails not only predictive accuracy but also the capacity of the model to encapsulate underlying physical principles. In this paper, we delve into the concept of generalization for Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) by investigating the consistency of the predictions of a PINN outside of its training domain. Through the lenses of a novel metric and statistical analysis, we study the scenarios in which a PINN can provide consistent predictions outside the region considered for training and hereinafter assess whether the algorithmic setup of the model can influence its potential for generalizing. Our results highlight why overparametrization is not a crucial component in SciML while encouraging overfitting on the training data. Despite being counterintuitive, the outcome of our analysis serves as a guideline for training PINNs for engineering applications.
Die Bedeutung des psychischen Strukturniveaus und dessen Auswirkung auf die Behandlungsplanung in humanistischen Psychotherapien
Authors: Kaisler Raphaela E. , Schaffler Yvonne , Fede Manfred , Keil Sylvia , Hintermeier Sonja 
Published: September 2024

ZusammenfassungDie Berücksichtigung des psychischen Strukturniveaus in der humanistischen Psychotherapie gewinnt in den letzten Jahren immer mehr an Bedeutung. In diesem Artikel beleuchten wir die Bedeutung der psychischen Struktur und Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik nach der Operationalisierten Psychodynamischen Diagnostik. Aus Sicht von fünf humanistischen Schulen (Integrative Gestalttherapie, Integrative Therapie, Existenzanalyse und Logotherapie, Personzentrierte Psychotherapie, Psychodrama) diskutieren wir die Einbettung der Strukturniveaus in die jeweiligen Persönlichkeitstheorien. Gemeinsamkeiten ihrer theoretischen Fundierungen legen nahe, dass die Strukturdiagnostik als Orientierungssystem für die Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik herangezogen werden kann, da sie vergangene und aktuelle (Beziehungs‑)Erfahrungen phänomenologisch erfasst und dadurch die Selbstentwicklung der Person hermeneutisch verstehbar macht. Die Strukturachse trägt dazu bei, das Beziehungsgeschehen systematisch zu erfassen und kann daher als diagnostisches Instrument in der Arbeit und Forschung der humanistischen Psychotherapien eingesetzt werden.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) gene polymorphisms (rs2542151, rs7234029) in Egyptian Behçet’s disease patients: a preliminary report
Authors: Attia Doaa H. S. , Alkaffas Marwa , Eissa Mervat , Rashed Laila , Khattab Rasha A. M. , Elzanaty Radwa , Khattab Rabab A. , Samy Lamees A. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 2 (PTPN2) gene have been documented to be linked with several autoimmune disorders including Behçet’s disease (BD). PTPN2 SNPs rs2542151 and rs7234029 have been assessed using real-time PCR in 96 BD patients and 50 controls matched by age and gender. Patients were categorized into groups according to the disease phenotypes and severity. A total of 94.8% of patients were males. The patients’ mean age at onset was 26.1 ± 8 years. The median (IQR) disease duration was 8.5(4–13) years. No difference was observed between the patients and controls concerning the frequency of the two SNPs’ different genotypes, models, and alleles. Moreover, neither disease phenotypes nor severity were associated with rs2542151 or rs7234029 SNPs. PTPN2 rs2542151 and rs7234029 SNPs do not seem to have associations with BD occurrence, phenotypes, or severity in the Egyptian patients.

Key Points

• PTPN2 rs2542151 and rs7234029 SNPs do not seem to have associations with BD occurrence, phenotypes, or severity in the Egyptian patients.• Further studies involving a larger sample size with variable clinical diversity are recommended to verify the results.
On Füredi’s conjecture
Authors: Hegedüs G. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe confirmed the following special case of Füredi’s conjecture:
Let $$t$$
t
be a non-negative integer. Let $$ \mathcal{ P}=\{(A_i,B_i)\}_{1\leq i\leq m}$$

P
=

{

(

A
i

,

B
i

)

}

1
≤
i
≤
m

be a set-pair family satisfying $$|A_i \cap B_i|\leq t$$

|

A
i

∩

B
i

|
≤
t

for $$1\leq i \leq m$$

1
≤
i
≤
m

and $$|A_i\cap B_j|>t$$

|

A
i

∩

B
j

|
>
t

for all $$1\leq i\neq j \leq m$$

1
≤
i
≠
j
≤
m

.
Define $$a_i:=|A_i|$$

a
i

:
=

|

A
i

|

and $$b_i:=|B_i|$$

b
i

:
=

|

B
i

|

for each $$i$$
i
.
Assume that there exists a positive integer $$N$$
N
such that $$a_i+b_i=N$$

a
i

+

b
i

=
N

for each $$i$$
i
. Then
$$\sum_{i=1}^m \frac{1}{{a_i+b_i-2t \choose a_i-t}}\leq 1.$$

∑

i
=
1

m

1

a
i

+

b
i

-
2
t

a
i

-
t

≤
1
.
Lessons learned from designing an open-source automated feedback system for STEM education
Authors: Steinert Steffen , Krupp Lars , Avila Karina E. , Janssen Anke S. , Ruf Verena , Dzsotjan David , Schryver Christian De , Karolus Jakob , Ruzika Stefan , Joisten Karen , Lukowicz Paul , Kuhn Jochen , Wehn Norbert , Küchemann Stefan 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAs distance learning becomes increasingly important and artificial intelligence tools continue to advance, automated systems for individual learning have attracted significant attention. However, the scarcity of open-source online tools that are capable of providing personalized feedback has restricted the widespread implementation of research-based feedback systems. In this work, we present RATsApp, an open-source automated feedback system (AFS) that incorporates research-based features such as formative feedback. The system focuses on core STEM competencies such as mathematical competence, representational competence, and data literacy. It also allows lecturers to monitor students’ progress. RATsApp can be used at different levels of STEM education or research, as it allows the creation and customization of the educational content. We present a specific case of its implementation in higher education, where we report the results of a usability survey (N=64), using the technology acceptance model 2 (TAM2), to evaluate the user experience of undergraduate students. Our findings confirm the applicability of the TAM2 framework, revealing that factors such as the relevance to the course of study, output quality, and ease of use significantly influence the perceived usefulness. We also found a linear relation between the perceived usefulness and the intention to use, which in turn is a significant predictor of the frequency of use. Moreover, the formative feedback feature of RATsApp received positive feedback, indicating its potential as an educational tool. Furthermore, as an open-source platform, RATsApp encourages public contributions to its ongoing development, fostering a collaborative approach to improve educational tools.
Findings of tobacco ringspot virus in ornamentals in the Netherlands from 1997 to 2020 indicate a need for evaluation of its European Union quarantine status
Authors: Schoen R. , de Krom C. E. , Westenberg M. , Botermans M. , van Bruggen A. S. , Meekes E. T. M. , Didden L. , Hooftman M. , Roenhorst J. W. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Occasional findings of tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) in the Netherlands since 1997, were the reason for large-scale surveys for TRSV in vegetatively propagated ornamental plants and for its vector, Xiphinema americanum sensu lato in soil. TRSV was identified in thirteen ornamental species, comprising over 30 cultivars, while X. americanum s.l. was not found. This report also describes a newly designed and validated real-time RT-PCR and includes phylogenetic analyses of (near) complete genome sequences from available TRSV isolates and NCBI GenBank accessions in relation to their metadata of host and origin. Overall, the results suggest that TRSV entered the Netherlands on multiple occasions and was further spread by vegetative propagation. Furthermore, TRSV seems to be more widespread in the European Union (EU) than previously assumed, indicating that the current regulatory measures do not guarantee the absence of TRSV. Alternative strategies to protect the crops at risk are discussed, and reconsideration of the regulatory status of TRSV in the EU is recommended.
Exploring user privacy awareness on GitHub: an empirical study
Authors: Alfieri Costanza , Di Rocco Juri , Inverardi Paola , T. Nguyen Phuong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractGitHub provides developers with a practical way to distribute source code and collaboratively work on common projects. To enhance account security and privacy, GitHub allows its users to manage access permissions, review audit logs, and enable two-factor authentication. However, despite the endless effort, the platform still faces various issues related to the privacy of its users. This paper presents an empirical study delving into the GitHub ecosystem. Our focus is on investigating the utilization of privacy settings on the platform and identifying various types of sensitive information disclosed by users. Leveraging a dataset comprising 6,132 developers, we report and analyze their activities by means of comments on pull requests. Our findings indicate an active engagement by users with the available privacy settings on GitHub. Notably, we observe the disclosure of different forms of private information within pull request comments. This observation has prompted our exploration into sensitivity detection using a large language model and BERT, to pave the way for a personalized privacy assistant. Our work provides insights into the utilization of existing privacy protection tools, such as privacy settings, along with their inherent limitations. Essentially, we aim to advance research in this field by providing both the motivation for creating such privacy protection tools and a proposed methodology for personalizing them.
Refractive Index Resolved Imaging Enabled by Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy Ellipsometry
Authors: Alibeigloo Pooya , Kubiczek Tobias , Aqlan Basem , Damyanov Dilyan , Schultze Thorsten , Weimann Nils , Balzer Jan C. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMaterial characterization in the terahertz range is an interesting topic of research due to its great applications in material science, health monitoring, and security applications. Advances in terahertz generation, detection, and data acquisition have contributed to improved bandwidth, signal power, and signal-to-noise ratio. This enables advanced material characterization methods such as ellipsometry, which has been little explored in the terahertz frequency range, yet. Here, we introduce a comparison between material characterization with terahertz time-domain spectroscopy in transmission geometry and ellipsometry reflection geometry. Terahertz ellipsometry images were taken, showing spatially resolved refractive index estimation in the far field and higher image quality compared to single-polarization imaging.