bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and chelating capacity of Maillard reaction products in amino acid‐sugar model systems: applications for food processing
Authors: Mondaca‐Navarro Blanca A , Ávila‐Villa Luz A , González‐Córdova Aarón F , López‐Cervantes Jaime , Sánchez‐Machado Dalia I , Campas‐Baypoli Olga N , Rodríguez‐Ramírez Roberto 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDMaillard reaction products (MRP) have gained increasing interest owing to their both positive and negative effects on human health. Aqueous amino acid‐sugar model systems were studied in order to evaluate the antioxidant and chelating activity of MRP under conditions similar to those of food processing. Amino acids (cysteine, glycine, isoleucine and lysine) combined with different sugars (fructose or glucose) were heated to 100 and 130 °C for 30, 60 and 90 min. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated via ABTS and DPPH free radical scavenging assays, in addition to Fe2+ and Cu2+ ion chelating capacity.RESULTSIn the ABTS assay, the cysteine‐fructose model system presented the highest antioxidant activity at 7.05 µmol mL−1 (130 °C, 60 min), expressed in Trolox equivalents. In the DPPH assay, the cysteine‐glucose system presented the highest antioxidant activity at 3.79 µmol mL−1 (100 °C, 90 min). The maximum rate of chelation of Fe2+ and Cu2+ was 96.31 and 59.44% respectively in the lysine‐fructose and cysteine‐glucose systems (100 °C, 30 min).CONCLUSIONThe model systems presented antioxidant and chelating activity under the analyzed temperatures and heating times, which are similar to the processing conditions of some foods. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Irrigation and fruit canopy position modify oil quality of olive trees (cv. Frantoio)
Authors: Caruso Giovanni , Gucci Riccardo , Sifola Maria Isabella , Selvaggini Roberto , Urbani Stefania , Esposto Sonia , Taticchi Agnese , Servili Maurizio 
Published: January 2017

AbstractBACKGROUNDFruit development and oil quality in Olea europaea L. are strongly influenced by both light and water availability. In the present study, the simultaneous effects of light environment and irrigation on fruit characteristics and oil quality were studied in a high‐density orchard over two consecutive years. Olive fruits were harvested from three canopy positions (intercepting approximately 64%, 42% and 30% of above canopy radiation) of fully‐productive trees subjected to full, deficit or complementary irrigation.RESULTSFruits receiving 61–67% of above canopy radiation showed the highest fruit weight, mesocarp oil content and maturation index, whereas those intercepting only 27–33% showed the lowest values. Palmitoleic and linoleic acids increased in oils obtained from fruits exposed to high light levels, whereas oleic acid and the oleic‐linoleic acid ratio decreased. Neither canopy position, nor irrigation affected K232, K270, ΔK and the concentration of lignan in virgin olive oils (VOOs). Total phenols, 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA [2‐(3,4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethyl (3S,4E)‐4‐formyl‐3‐(2‐oxoethyl)hex‐4‐enoate] and p‐HPEA‐EDA (decarboxymethyl ligstroside‐aglycone) increased in VOOs produced from fruits harvested from the top of the canopy, whereas full irrigation decreased total phenols and 3,4‐DHPEA‐EDA concentrations with respect to the complementary irrigation treatment.CONCLUSIONLight and water availability are crucial not only for tree productivity, but also they clearly affect olive oil quality. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
Reminder: RMSSD and SD1 are identical heart rate variability metrics
Authors: Ciccone Anthony B. , Siedlik Jacob A. , Wecht Jill M. , Deckert Jake A. , Nguyen Nhuquynh D. , Weir Joseph P. 
Published: January 2017

ABSTRACTAssessment of heart rate variability (HRV) is a common approach to examine cardiac autonomic nervous system modulation that has been employed in a variety of settings. Frequently, both the root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD) and SD1, which is a Poincaré plot component, have been used to quantify short‐term heart rate variability. It is not typically appreciated, however, that RMSSD and SD1 are identical metrics of HRV. As a reminder to clinicians and researchers who use and study HRV, we show both empirically and mathematically that RMSSD and SD1 are identical metrics. Because the homology between RMSSD and SD1 is not commonly known, the inclusion of both measures has been reported in many recent publications. The inappropriate use of such redundant data may affect the interpretation of HRV studies. Muscle Nerve 56: 674–678, 2017
Childhood Cranial Trauma from a Late Roman and Merovingian Context from Michelet, Lisieux, France
Authors: Timmins S. , Seréville‐Niel C. , Brickley M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThe Michelet necropolis in Lisieux, France, dating to the late Roman and Merovingian period, comprises of a large number of well‐preserved subadult remains offering a unique opportunity to better understand childhood trauma in the past. The focus of this study was to determine the amount, type and mechanisms of trauma evidenced in subadults from the 4th–8th century AD, and explore potential circumstances surrounding the trauma. The remains of 109 subadults from the Michelet necropolis were examined for the presence of cranial and post‐cranial trauma. Three individuals exhibited perimortem trauma, one individual had an antemortem cranial injury, and no cases of post‐cranial trauma were identified. Cranial trauma affected 4.1% of children with observable cranial remains (N = 4/97). The children affected were young (2–7 years old), making it unlikely that they would have participated in militaristic activities. Based on the location, morphology and mechanism of injury identified, it is likely that the perimortem injuries sustained by three children were not accidental. The presence of a number of cranial injuries from this site may be related to increased stress in the community related to the decline of the Roman Empire in Gaul, possible raiding barbarian groups during the 4th–5th centuries, or stresses related to the Gallic aristocracy solidifying political powers in northern Gaul during the 5th–7th centuries AD. The consideration and inclusion of childhood trauma in bioarchaeological analyses allows for a more detailed and in‐depth understanding of violence and childhood in the past. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Serum chemerin is associated with inflammatory and metabolic parameters—results of a population‐based study
Authors: Zylla Stephanie , Pietzner Maik , Kühn Jens‐Peter , Völzke Henry , Dörr Marcus , Nauck Matthias , Friedrich Nele 
Published: January 2017

ObjectiveThis study aimed to confirm existing assumptions about the associations of circulating chemerin with inflammatory and metabolic parameters in a large population‐based study.MethodsData of 3,986 subjects from the Study of Health in Pomerania were analyzed. Residual method was used to investigate the different associations of visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) with serum chemerin levels. Multivariable regression models were applied to examine the association of chemerin with high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein, fibrinogen, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, lipid profile, blood pressure, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension.ResultsPositive associations with chemerin were observed for VAT and SAT with a stronger relation found for VAT. After adjustment for waist circumference, increased chemerin levels were related to higher inflammatory cytokines and glycated hemoglobin and an unfavorable lipid profile. Logistic regression revealed positive associations of chemerin with dyslipidemia [highest vs. lowest quartile: odds ratio (OR) 1.56 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25‐1.94)] and hypertension [OR 1.31 (95% CI 1.03‐1.68)].ConclusionsChemerin levels are significantly linked to inflammation and metabolic syndrome. The majority of the detected associations persisted even after adjustment for waist circumference, suggesting that the relation of chemerin with the analyzed traits cannot be solely explained by an accumulation of adipose tissue.
Flexible X‐ray detector based on sliced lead iodide crystal
Authors: Sun Hui , Zhao Beijun , Yang Dingyu , Wangyang Peihua , Gao Xiuying , Zhu Xinghua 
Published: January 2017

A promising flexible X‐ray detector based on inorganic semiconductor PbI2 crystal is reported. The sliced crystals mechanically cleaved from an as‐grown PbI2 crystal act as the absorber directly converting the impinging X‐ray photons to electron hole pairs. Due to the ductile feature of the PbI2 crystal, the detector can be operated under a highly curved state with the strain on the top surface up to 1.03% and still maintaining effective detection performance. The stable photocurrent and fast response were obtained with the detector repeated bending to a strain of 1.03% for 100 cycles. This work presents an approach for developing efficient and cost‐effective PbI2‐based flexible X‐ray detector.
magnified imagePhotocurrent responses of the flexible PbI2 X‐ray detector with the strain on the top surface up to 1.03% proposed in this work with the cross sectional structure and curved detector photograph as insets. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH &Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Development and application of sub‐2‐μm particle CO2‐based chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry for comprehensive analysis of lipids in cottonseed extracts
Authors: Salazar Carolina , Jones Michael D. , Sturtevant Drew , Horn Patrick J. , Crossley Janna , Zaman Khadiza , Chapman Kent D. , Wrona Mark , Isaac Giorgis , Smith Norman W. , Shulaev Vladimir 
Published: January 2017

RationaleRefined cottonseed oil has widespread applications in the food and chemical industries. Although the major lipids comprising cottonseed oil (triacylglycerols) are well known, there are many diverse lipid species in cotton seeds that occur at much lower levels and have important nutritional or anti‐nutritional properties.MethodsThe lipid technical samples were prepared in chloroform. The biological samples were extracted using a mixture of isopropanol/chloroform/H2O (2:1:0.45). The data were collected using high and low collision energy with simultaneous data collection on a time‐of‐flight (TOF) mass spectrometer which allowed the characterization of lipids by precursor and product ion alignment. The supercritical fluid chromatography methodology is flexible and can be altered to provide greater retention and separation. The comprehensive method was used to screen seed lipid extracts from several cotton genotypes using multivariate statistical analysis.ResultsMethod variables influencing the peak integrity and chromatographic separation for a mixture of lipids with different degrees of polarity were explored. The experiments were designed to understand the chromatographic behavior of lipids in a controlled setting using a variety of lipid extracts. Influences of acyl chain length and numbers of double bonds were investigated using single moiety standards.ConclusionsThe methodology parameters were examined using single moiety lipid standards and standard mixtures. The method conditions were applied to biological lipid extracts, and adjustments were investigated to manipulate the chromatography. Insights from these method variable manipulations will help to frame the development of targeted lipid profiling and screening protocols. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Shuttle vectors
Authors: Gnügge Robert , Rudolf Fabian 
Published: January 2017

AbstractYeast shuttle vectors are indispensable tools in yeast research. They enable cloning of defined DNA sequences in Escherichia coli and their direct transfer into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. There are three types of commonly used yeast shuttle vectors: centromeric plasmids, episomal plasmids and integrating plasmids. In this review, we discuss the different plasmid systems and their characteristic features. We focus on their segregational stability and copy number and indicate how to modify these properties. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterizing Clinical Genetic Counselors’ Countertransference Experiences: an Exploratory Study
Authors: Reeder Rebecca , Veach Patricia McCarthy , MacFarlane Ian M. , LeRoy Bonnie S. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractCountertransference (CT) refers to conscious and unconscious emotions, fantasies, behaviors, perceptions, and psychological defenses genetic counselors experience in response to any aspect of genetic counseling situations (Weil2010). Some authors theorize about the importance of recognizing and managing CT, but no studies solely aim to explore genetic counselors’ experiences of the phenomenon. This study examined the extent to which clinical genetic counselors’ perceive themselves as inclined to experience CT, gathered examples of CT encountered in clinical situations, and assessed their CT management strategies. An anonymous online survey, sent to NSGC members, yielded 127 usable responses. Participants completed Likert‐type items rating their CT propensities; 57 of these individuals also provided examples of CT they experienced in their practice. Factor analysis of CT propensities tentatively suggested four factors: Control, Conflict Avoidance, Directiveness, and Self‐Regulation, accounting for 38.5% of response variance. Thematic analysis of CT examples yielded five commontriggers: general similarity to patient, medical/genetic similarity, angry patients, patient behaves differently from counselor expectations, and disclosing bad news; six commonmanifestations: being self‐focused, projecting feelings onto the patient, intense emotional reaction to patient, being overly invested, disengagement, and physical reaction; five CTeffects: disruption in rapport building, repaired empathy, over‐identification, conversation does not reach fullest potential, and counselor is drained emotionally; and threemanagement strategies: recognizing CT as it occurs, self‐reflection, and consultation. Results suggest CT is a common experience, occurring in both “routine” and emotionally complex cases. Training programs, continuing education, and peer supervision might include discussion of CT, informed by examples from the present study, to increase genetic counselor awareness and skills for managing the phenomenon.
Trans‐Fatty Acid‐Stimulated Mammary Gland Growth in Ovariectomized Mice is Fatty Acid Type and Isomer Specific
Authors: Berryhill Grace E. , Miszewski Susan G. , Trott Josephine F. , Kraft Jana , Lock Adam L. , Hovey Russell C. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe previously reported that the trans‐18:2 fatty acid trans‐10, cis‐12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10,c12‐CLA) stimulates mammary gland development independent of estrogen and its receptor. Given the negative consequences of dietary trans‐fatty acids on various aspects of human health, we sought to establish whether other trans‐fatty acids could similarly induce ovary‐independent mammary gland growth in mice. Prepubertal BALB/cJ mice were ovariectomized at 21 days of age then were fed diets enriched with cis‐9, trans‐11 CLA (c9,t11‐CLA), or mixtures of trans‐18:1 fatty acids supplied by partially hydrogenated sunflower, safflower, or linseed oil. The resultant mammary phenotype was evaluated 3 weeks later and compared to the growth response elicited by t10,c12‐CLA, or the defined control diet. Whereas partially hydrogenated safflower oil increased mammary gland weight, none of the partially hydrogenated vegetable oils promoted mammary ductal growth. Similarly, the c9,t11‐CLA supplemented diet was without effect on mammary development. Taken together, our data emphasize a unique effect of t10,c12‐CLA in stimulating estrogen‐independent mammary gland growth manifest as increased mammary ductal area and elongation that was not recapitulated by c9,t11‐CLA or the partially hydrogenated vegetable oil diets.
UNDERSTANDING DEMOGRAPHIC DIVIDENDS IN AFRICA: THE NTA APPROACH
Authors: Dramani Latif , Oga Idossou Jean-Baptiste 
Published: January 2017

AbstractIn this paper, we document the economic implications of changing demographic conditions in Africa. To construct support ratios, we use National Transfer Accounts (NTA) estimates of per capita labor income and consumption by age, as well as population estimates and projections provided by the UN Population Division for 16 African countries. First, we find that, on average, support ratios are rising in Africa. But compared with the support ratios in Asia and Latin America, the magnitude of those in Africa is lower because the percentage of effective workers in the total population is also low. Second, we find that human capital spending is high in countries with low fertility rates, which suggests a quantity–quality trade-off. NTA estimates also show that to capitalize on the demographic dividend, countries have to create economic opportunities for young adults. In addition, investment in human and physical capital is important to generate the second demographic dividend.
PUMA: The Positional Update and Matching Algorithm
Authors: Line J. L. B. , Webster R. L. , Pindor B. , Mitchell D. A. , Trott C. M. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe present new software to cross-match low-frequency radio catalogues: the Positional Update and Matching Algorithm. The Positional Update and Matching Algorithm combines a positional Bayesian probabilistic approach with spectral matching criteria, allowing for confusing sources in the matching process. We go on to create a radio sky model using Positional Update and Matching Algorithm based on the Murchison Widefield Array Commissioning Survey, and are able to automatically cross-match ~ 98.5% of sources. Using the characteristics of this sky model, we create simple simulated mock catalogues on which to test the Positional Update and Matching Algorithm, and find that Positional Update and Matching Algorithm can reliably find the correct spectral indices of sources, along with being able to recover ionospheric offsets. Finally, we use this sky model to calibrate and remove foreground sources from simulated interferometric data, generated using OSKAR (the Oxford University visibility generator). We demonstrate that there is a substantial improvement in foreground source removal when using higher frequency and higher resolution source positions, even when correcting positions by an average of 0.3 arcmin given a synthesised beam-width of ~ 2.3 arcmin.
Dynamical Study of the Exoplanet Host Binary System HD 106515
Authors: Rica F. M. , Barrena R. , Henríquez J. A. , Pérez F. M. , Vargas P. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHD 106515 AB (STF1619 AB) is a high common proper motion and common radial velocity binary star system composed of two G-type bright stars located at 35 pc and separated by about 7 arcsec. This system was observed by theHipparcossatellite with a precision in distance and proper motion of 3 and 2%, respectively. The system includes a circumprimary planet of nearly 10 Jupiter masses and a semimajor axis of 4.59 AU, discovered using the radial velocity method. The observational arc of 21° shows a small curvature that evidences HD 106515 AB is a gravitationally bound system. This work determines the dynamical parameters for this system which reinforce the bound status of both stellar components. We determine orbital solutions from instantaneous position and velocity vectors. In addition, we provide a very preliminary orbital solution and a distribution of the orbital parameters, obtained from the line of sight (z). Our results show that HD 106515 AB presents an orbital period of about 4 800 years, a semimajor axis of 345 AU and an eccentricity of about 0.42. Finally, we use an N-body numerical code to perform simulations and reproduce the longer term octupole perturbations on the inner orbit.
A Fractal Operator on Some Standard Spaces of Functions
Authors: Viswanathan P. , Navascués M. A. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractThrough appropriate choices of elements in the underlying iterated function system, the methodology of fractal interpolation enables us to associate a family of continuous self-referential functions with a prescribed real-valued continuous function on a real compact interval. This procedure elicits what is referred to as anα-fractal operator on, the space of all real-valued continuous functions defined on a compact intervalI. With an eye towards connecting fractal functions with other branches of mathematics, in this paper we continue to investigate the fractal operator in more general spaces such as the spaceof all bounded functions and the Lebesgue space, and in some standard spaces of smooth functions such as the spaceofk-times continuously differentiable functions, Hölder spacesand Sobolev spaces. Using properties of theα-fractal operator, the existence of Schauder bases consisting of self-referential functions for these function spaces is established.
Defining Coarsenings of Valuations
Authors: Jahnke Franziska , Koenigsmann Jochen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractWe study the question of which Henselian fields admit definable Henselian valuations (with or without parameters). We show that every field that admits a Henselian valuation with non-divisible value group admits a parameter-definable (non-trivial) Henselian valuation. In equicharacteristic 0, we give a complete characterization of Henselian fields admitting a parameter-definable (non-trivial) Henselian valuation. We also obtain partial characterization results of fields admitting -definable (non-trivial) Henselian valuations. We then draw some Galois-theoretic conclusions from our results.
PCR primers for straightforward differentiation ofHaemonchus contortus, Haemonchus placeiand their hybrids
Authors: Amarante M.R.V. , Santos M.C. , Bassetto C.C. , Amarante A.F.T. 
Published: January 2017

AbstractHaemonchus contortusandHaemonchus placeiare among the major parasites of small ruminants and cattle. Although infection with these nematodes is host-specific, withH. placeipredominating in cattle andH. contortusin sheep, cross-infections are observed in areas where both parasites are sympatric, and hybrid offspring can occur. Therefore, a fast and precise method is required for differentiating the parasites. Identification based on spicule morphometry is the most common technique for differentiatingHaemonchusspecies. However, because these measurements overlap between species, morphological analysis is insufficient for differentiating between helminth species. In this work, we present a reliable, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method that uses two species-specific primer pairs to differentiate betweenH. contortusandH. placeispecimens and their hybrids. Each primer pair produces one single and distinct amplification band for each species, which enables the detection of hybrid specimens. These primer pairs were validated by testing eight different populations ofH. contortus, H. placeiand hybrids.
Government Work Reports: Securing State Legitimacy through Institutionalization
Authors: Wang Zhen 
Published: January 2017

AbstractRelying on fieldwork conducted in two provinces, this article provides a systemic study of China's Government Work Reports (GWRs), examining their function, format, how they are formulated and implemented, their content and their research values. Whilst the existing literature mostly focuses on central government reports, this research integrates GWRs from all administrative levels. I argue that over time, the GWRs have developed into a highly institutionalized nationwide system with two important aspects – local elites’ autonomy in setting work agendas, and their compliance with central government policy priorities. Additionally, my study shows that by using quantifiable targets and celebrating achievements framed in concrete statistics, the GWRs help to sustain the legitimacy of the party-state. Finally, my study finds GWRs to be a versatile scholarly resource that can be used for various research interests and methods.