bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
METABOLIC SYNDROME AND RISK OF STROKE IN THE POPULATION OF NOVOSIBIRSK
Authors: Shishkin S. V. , Mustafina S. V. , Shcherbakovа L. V. , Simonova G. I. 
Published: November 2015

Aim.To explore the association between Metabolic Syndrome (MS) and risk of stroke in Novosibirsk citizens aged 45–69 years.Material and methods.As a part of an international prospective cohort HAPIEE study the population sample of 9363 residents of Novosibirsk aged 45–69 years were surveyed by screening method.Results.A high prevalence of metabolic disorders in the population was revealed; the levels and distribution of cardiometabolic factors in first-ever stroke examined. It was found by the “case-control” study, that the combination of hypertension and abdominal obesity (AO) increases the odds ratio (OR) for stroke in the population studied.Conclusion.It was shown to 2-fold increase in the risk of stroke in people with MS by 9-year prospective observation. Prognostic models of combining components of MS affecting the OR of stroke were identified in an urban population of Siberia.
CHANGES IN CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE AT THE BACKGROUND OF REGULAR RAMIPRIL INTAKE
Authors: Kuzmin A. G. , Gorbunov V. V. , Kuzmina O. V. 
Published: November 2015

Aim.To study dynamics in clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) while taking ramipril regularly.Material and methods.Totally 135 patients studied (124 men, 11 women), mean age 60±8,7, with Q-MI in anamnesis of different location 3 years ago, with clinical signs of CHF III NYHA. One year after hospitalization the adherence to therapy was evaluated by Moricki-Greene test. The parameters studied: life quality, signs of CHF, exercise tolerance, morphology and systolic and diastolic function of LV and RV, respiratory system parameters, and of kidneys.Results.By the Moricki-Greene test results all patients were divided into 2 groups: I group — non-adherent patients, II — compliant. In 1 year of follow-up in those of II group the positive dynamic observed. Functional class changed to II, clinical signs of CHF decreased, life quality improved, exercise tolerance increased, intra- and transventricular dyssynchrony decreased, dyspnea regressed from 3 to 2 by Modified Medical Research Council Scale, the NT-proBNP concentration, sudden death risk, BP and HR stabilized at normal values, microalbuminuria decreased, GFR increased. Also we marked the regress of LV and RV volumes, increase of EF, improvement of diastolic function, increase of heart rate variability by the decrease of sympathetic activity.Conclusion.Clinical signs of CHF after Q-MI with III NYHA are presupposed by morpho-functional changes in the heart, cardiopulmonary and cardiorenal continuum, that have common engine for progressing and showing worse outcomes. Therapy adherence with the usage of ramipril makes possible CHF compensation and decreases the chance for exacerbation and progressing of comorbidity.
CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN ACUTE STROKE (ISSUES ON PREVALENCE, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT)
Authors: Rumjantseva S. A. , Oganov R. G. , Silina E. V. , Stupin V. A. , Bolevitch S. B. , Orlova A. S. , Kabaeva E. N. , Volik S. A. , Sokhova O. N. , Kubotchkin A. Yu. 
Published: November 2015

The article concerns on the problems of vascular comorbidity epidemiology and pathophysiological aspects of heart disease, which became a leading etiopathologic factor of cerebral infarctions and hemorrhages. The relationship between coronary artery disease (CAD), atrial fibrillation, hypertension and cerebral infarction types is emphasized.Aim.To analyze the role of comorbidity, attributable to cardio-vascular pathology in the initiation, course, clinical features and outcomes of cerebral infarction.Material and methods.We performed a prospective study, including 1072 patients with stroke, attributable to various cardiovascular pathology, evaluated the influence of vascular comorbidity of variable degree on the course and outcomes at an inpatient stage and at follow-up.Results.We demonstrated a negative influence of CAD, atrial fibrillation and postinfarction cardiosclerosis on the incidence of cerebral infarction, unfavorable course of the disease and functional outcomes at inpatient stage. The combination of vascular comorbidity resulted in an increased mortality in post-stroke period during 6 years of follow-up.Conclusion.Epidemiology of vascular comorbidity, its role in cerebrovascular accidents in patients with cardiac pathology justifies the need of active realization of contemporary multidisciplinary prevention programs, prolonged instrumental monitoring and implementation of energy deficiency correction therapy in comprehensive treatment programs.
LONG-TERM EFFECTS OF OMEGA-3 POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON THE COURSE OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE IN PATIENTS AFTER ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION AT THE BACKGROUND OF MULTIPLE-VESSEL LESION CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors: Sin’kova M. N. , Pepelyaeva T. V. , Isakov L. K. , Tarasov N. I. , Teplyakov A. T. 
Published: November 2015

Currently there is enough evidence for that the use of omega-3-faty acids compounds in ischemic heart disease is followed by the decrease of mortality, and the efficacy of this usage in multivessel coronary lesions after primary percutaneous intervention (PCI) has not been studied.Aim.To evaluate the efficacy of long-term intake of the omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids compounds on the course of ischemic heart disease at the background of multiple coronary lesion after primary PCI.Material and methods.Totally 101 patient included at the age of 35-70 y.o., who had underwent primary PCI for the myocardial infarction with ST elevation and multiple vessel lesion of coronary arteries. The patients were selected into 2 groups: 1 group (n=68) — conservative tactics with the standard pharmacotherapy; 2nd group (n=33) — Omacor was added to the standard therapy.Results.In 36 months of follow-up in the Omacor group there was significant decrease of repeated myocardial infarctions, decompensating heart failure, angina progression and rhythm disorders. In 2nd group patients during the 36-month follow-up a better antiischemic effect achieved with 80,9% decrease of angina from the baseline (p<0,047) and by 27,6% of the heart failure severity. The increase of exercise tolerance by the 6-minute walking test during 36 months was the highest in the 2nd group — by 65%.Conclusion.Long-term prescription of omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids in ST elevation myocardial infarction with multiple vessel coronary lesions after primary PCI leads to the improvement of clinical condition, which then leads to the increase of exercise tolerance and better life quality.
Primary Premaxillary Setback and Repair of Bilateral Complete Cleft Lip: Indications, Technique, and Outcomes
Authors: Vyas Raj M. , Kim David C. , Padwa Bonnie L. , Mulliken John B. 
Published: November 2015

Objective To analyze indications and outcomes for primary premaxillary setback. Design Retrospective. Setting Academic children's hospital. Patients All children with bilateral complete cleft lip age ≤2 years of age who had premaxillary setback by one surgeon (1992 to 2011). Results Twenty-five patients with bilateral complete cleft lip underwent primary premaxillary setback at an average age of 9 months; the mean follow-up was 47 months. There were three indications: failed dentofacial orthopedics (n = 9), delayed referral precluding manipulation (n = 10), and intact secondary alate (n = 6). Of 19 patients with bilateral complete cleft lip/palate, primary setback was combined with nasolabial repair (n = 11), adhesions (n = 2), or palatoplasty (n = 6). Patients who had nasolabial closure and setback were significantly younger than those who had combined palatal closure and setback (6.5 versus 16 months, P = .01). No patient exhibited postoperative premaxillary instability. Serial anthropometry showed similar growth of nasolabial features after both primary setback (n = 9) and active dentofacial orthopedics (n = 35). Conclusions Primary premaxillary ostectomy and setback permits synchronous bilateral nasolabial-alveolar closure or alveolar-palatal repair in a child with intact secondary palate. This procedure should be considered whenever dentofacial orthopedics cannot be accomplished. Speech is paramount in an older child; setback with palatal closure is scheduled before nasolabial repair. Disturbance of midfacial growth is likely following primary premaxillary ostectomy and setback in patients with bilateral complete cleft lip/palate; however, most already need maxillary advancement. Furthermore, premaxillary setback permits proper primary nasolabial design and construction in appreciation of expected changes with growth.
Dose-Dependent Antiteratogenic Effects of Folic Acid on All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Induced Cleft Palate in Fetal Mice
Authors: Wang Huijing , Chen Weiliang 
Published: November 2015

Objective Although numerous studies have confirmed that consumption of folic acid (FA) during early pregnancy reduces the risk of oral facial clefts in newborn infants, the optimal dose of FA for reducing this risk remains unknown. We evaluated various doses of FA for their ability to reduce the incidence of all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)–induced cleft palate in mice. Methods Pregnant C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to eight groups dosed with corn oil (control group), ATRA (80 mg/kg), FA (40 mg/kg), or ATRA (80 mg/kg) + FA (2.5 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 20 mg, or 40 mg/kg body weight) on gestation day 11 (GD11), after which samples of maternal blood obtained on GD 11 were analyzed for serum folate levels. After receiving the doses, randomly selected mice in each dose group were sacrificed on GDs 13.5, 14.5, and 15.5, and the fetuses were removed for examination by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to detect the incidence of cleft palate. Results Among the pregnant mice dosed with ATRA+FA, those dosed with 5 mg/kg FA had fetuses with the lowest incidence of cleft palate. In addition, the eight groups of pregnant mice had significantly different serum folate concentrations ( P < .001). Conclusion When administered to pregnant mice at a specific dose and on the proper gestation day, FA showed an antiteratogenic effect by reducing the incidence of ATRA-induced cleft palate in fetal mice.
Pratfalls, Pitfalls, and Passion: The Melding of Leadership and Social Justice
Authors: Noble Donnette J 
Published: November 2015

<p>Frequent conflicts over money, land, power, and other resources make it difficult for some societies to find or sustain any sense of equilibrium. Additionally, racial, ethnic, religious, socioeconomic, educational, and political injustices, among others, require that leaders increase their understanding and commitment to social justice. Such efforts are critical in light of the vastly disparate opinions and increasingly polarized positions at the heart of contentious relationships that exist among people. This paper explores the origins of social justice, discusses the definition and perceptions of social justice, introduces the relationship between social justice and leadership, addresses current social and environmental conditions, presents c n terms of addressing social justice, and offers implications for socially just leadership.</p><p> </p><p> </p>
Breast MRI, digital mammography and breast tomosynthesis: comparison of three methods for early detection of breast cancer
Authors: Roganovic Dragana , Djilas Dragana , Vujnovic Sasa , Pavic Dag , Stojanov Dragan 
Published: November 2015

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women and early detection is important for its successful treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitivity and specificity of three methods for early detection of breast cancer: breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), digital mammography, and breast tomosynthesis in comparison to histopathology, as well as to investigate the intraindividual variability between these modalities. We included 57 breast lesions, each detected by three diagnostic modalities: digital mammography, breast MRI, and breast tomosynthesis, and subsequently confirmed by histopathology. Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) was used for characterizing the lesions. One experienced radiologist interpreted all three diagnostic modalities. Twenty-nine of the breast lesions were malignant while 28 were benign. The sensitivity for digital mammography, breast MRI, and breast tomosynthesis, was 72.4%, 93.1%, and 100%, respectively; while the specificity was 46.4%, 60.7%, and 75%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis showed an overall diagnostic advantage of breast tomosynthesis over both breast MRI and digital mammography. The difference in performance between breast tomosynthesis and digital mammography was significant (p < 0.001), while the difference between breast tomosynthesis and breast MRI was not significant (p = 0.20).
Estrategias metaficcionales y respuestas lectoras: estudio exploratorio
Authors: Ruiz-Domínguez María Mar 
Published: November 2015

En este trabajo de investigación me he planteado como objetivo descubrir el nivel de conciencia metaliteraria de un grupo de estudiantes de 10 años a partir del análisis de sus respuestas lectoras. Para ello, en primer lugar, se han seleccionado siete álbumes metaficcionales que tienen como característica común la de poner al descubierto su propio proceso de construcción.A lo largo de un año he realizado cuatro sesiones de discusión. En cada sesión, primero se realizaron preguntas sobre expectativas y anticipaciones; después se dejó un tiempo que las niñas leyeran el álbum y después se les preguntó sobre los aspectos de las historias relacionados con las estrategias narrativas también se les pidió que analizaran los roles del narrador, escritor, ilustrador que en estos libros se hacen evidentes.Las respuestas recogidas, y teniendo en cuenta las investigaciones anteriores, se han clasificado en dos categorías de análisis: comprensión (que incluyen respuestas de anticipación, expectativas y reconocimiento e inferencias y corroboración de hipótesis) e interpretación (que incluye la lectura interpretativa relacionándola con sus experiencias repeptoras así como la valoración del texto).
PEMBELAJARAN PRAKTIKUM EKOLOGI TUMBUHAN DENGAN METODE RISET MINI DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN TUTOR SEBAYA
Authors: Amprasto Mr , Supriatno Bambang , Safaria Tina 
Published: November 2015

The result of evaluation on the Plant Ecology for student of Biological education was still low. It indicated that the learning process of this subject was not efective enough. Therefore, it has to be though, how to conduct this learning process of Plant Ecology learning effectively. The first step of Plant Ecology learning was selecting some student to be peer tuturs, then giving them instruction the practical exercise was carrying out by using peer tutors on learning concepts of each the practical topics. The method of practical exercise was small research, designing each topic of practical exercise as simple research. This method was expected to optimize the student ability. The study reavealed that the learning in practical exercise with peer tutor increasing the result of evaluation. It is shown that average of final test was 69.96 higher than primary test (48.8). The increasing result of evaluation is conducted with student motivation, whole activities of teacher and students. Peer tutors can be played as catalysator, dinamysator and motivator on groupe; small research made the learning process more interested, so the learning became more effectively.Keywords: Plant Ecology, small research Method, Field work,peer tuturs
Teaching lexical chunks on retention and production of referential and collocational meaning of lexis among the Iranian EFL learners
Authors: Jaafarigohar Manochehr , Nazari Mohsen 
Published: November 2015

This study focuses on the role of collocations in language teaching. Due to vagueness in definition and categorization, the collocations are being divided into two types: referential collocations meaning being recognizable by just referring to single word companies, and inferential collocations being the types that the meaning cannot be easily discerned by non-native speakers of English. This study compares these two types of collocations and found that learners had more difficulty in producing the collocations while contrary to some studies they also do not recognize the inferential or referential collocations and face difficulty recognizing or producing them.

Keywords: collocation, inferential, referential.
Comparison of corncob and corn using as fungal culture medium
Authors: Chutrtong Jaruwan 
Published: November 2015

Corn or maize is the most widely grown grain crop. It is very practical. It is used as staple food, major source of cooking oil and grown to feed for livestock. Starch from maize can be made into syrups plastics, fabrics, adhesives, and many other chemical products and also fermented and distilled to produce alcohol. This research aims to compare pigment synthetic of Neurospora sp., widely used as a model organism in genetics research, when use corn, dry corncob and potato dextrose agar as culture medium.Â After fully grow up, extracted mycelium pigment with 95% ethyl alcohol. Then measure the absorbance of the pigment by spectrophotometer at wavelength 450.5 nanometer. The results showed that the best growth of Neurospora cultured on dry corncob was sample which added water (for moisture) 90 % w/w. While the best growth of Neurospora cultured on corn was sample which added water only 15 % w/w. When compare the intensity of mycelium pigment, it was found that corncob is the best medium for pigment synthetic of Neurospora.Â Absorbance of pigment extract from mycelium culture on corncob was 0.64(diluted 5X). As the absorbance of pigment extract from mycelium culture on corn and PDA were only 0.34(diluted 5X) and 0.35(diluted 2X).Keywords: corn, corncob, fungal, medium.
Probabilistic Assessment of the Temperature-Induced Effective Fracture Pressures
Authors: Kinik K.. , Wojtanowicz A. K. , Gumus F.. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryThe constant-bottomhole-pressure (CBHP) method of managed-pressure drilling (MPD) maintains wellbore pressure above the wellbore stability or pore pressure and below the fracture pressure (FP). It is common practice to perform frequent dynamic formation-integrity/leakoff tests (FIT/LOTs) to measure the FP. Several authors addressed the uncertainty in the measured value of the FP caused by mud compressibility and thixotropy. Moreover, field evidence indicates considerable variations in the effective FPs resulting from varying wellbore temperatures.This paper presents a mathematical model, validated with field data, to estimate the true FP from the leakoff-test data. The model accounts for the effect of mud compressibility and thixotropy, and considers the effect of transient wellbore temperatures on the geomechanical rock stresses. The study also presents application of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) to represent the probability-density distribution of FP associated with the uncertainties in the input parameters. The method was demonstrated with two examples from the Gulf of Mexico (GOM). The study shows that the operational parameter “pumps-off” time and two formation properties—Young's modulus of elasticity (E) and thermal-expansion coefficient (αT)—contribute most to the uncertainty in FP. Moreover, a log-normal distribution of the FP indicated a strong effect of temperature variation. It is also concluded that the uncertainty resulting from the temperature effect could be minimized by conducting the test after a characteristic 60-minute pumps-off period.
Prognostic significance of volume-based 18F-FDG PET/CT parameter in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lee J. Y. , Heo J. H. , Han J. , Jang S. J. , Kim K. , Kim J. , Shim Y. M. , Kim B.-T. , Choi J. Y. 
Published: November 2015

SummaryAim: We investigated the prognostic value of volume-based 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) parameters compared with other factors including several immunohistochemical biomarkers in patients with surgically resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Patients, methods: Study participants: 290 patients with surgically resected and histopathologically confirmed NSCLC. The maxmum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and metabolic tumour volume (MTV) of the primary tumour were obtained on 18F-FDG PET/ computed tomography (CT) for initial staging and Ki-67 labeling index (LI), p16, CD31 and cyclin E were evaluated in the primary tumours by immunohistochemical staining. Survival analyses for variables including PET parameters, immunohistochemical biomarker and other clinical factors were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: In univariate analyses, tumour stage, tumour size, and MTV were significant prognostic factors for decreased overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Multivariate analyses showed MTV and tumour stage were significant predictors of poor OS (MTV, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.135, p = 0.015; stage, HR = 0.644, p = 0.025) and DFS (MTV, HR = 1.128, p = 0.043; stage, HR = 0.541, p = 0.009). Conclusion: The MTV of primary tumours is a significant prognostic factor for survival along with tumour stage in patients with surgically resected NSCLC. The MTV can predict OS and DFS better than immuno histochemical biomarkers.
Suboptimal Antigen Presentation Contributes to Virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis In Vivo
Authors: Grace Patricia S. , Ernst Joel D. 
Published: November 2015

Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis commonly causes persistent or chronic infection, despite the development of Ag-specific CD4 T cell responses. We hypothesized that M. tuberculosis evades elimination by CD4 T cell responses by manipulating MHC class II Ag presentation and CD4 T cell activation and tested this hypothesis by comparing activation of Ag85B-specific CD4 T cell responses to M. tuberculosis and M. bovis bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) Pasteur in vivo and in vitro. We found that, although M. tuberculosis persists in lungs of immunocompetent mice, M. bovis BCG is cleared, and clearance is T cell dependent. We further discovered that M. tuberculosis–infected macrophages and dendritic cells activate Ag85B-specific CD4 T cells less efficiently and less effectively than do BCG-infected cells, in vivo and in vitro, despite higher production and secretion of Ag85B by M. tuberculosis. During BCG infection, activation of Ag85B-specific CD4 T cells requires fewer infected dendritic cells and fewer Ag-producing bacteria than during M. tuberculosis infection. When dendritic cells containing equivalent numbers of M. tuberculosis or BCG were transferred to mice, BCG-infected cells activated proliferation of more Ag85B-specific CD4 T cells than did M. tuberculosis–infected cells. Differences in Ag85B-specific CD4 T cell activation were attributable to differential Ag presentation rather than differential expression of costimulatory or inhibitory molecules. These data indicate that suboptimal Ag presentation contributes to persistent infection and that limiting Ag presentation is a virulence property of M. tuberculosis.