bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of body mass index with mortality in Chinese patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A large single‐center data
Authors: Wang Huanhuan , Gao Zhan , Zhao Xueyan , Qiao Shubin , Yang Yuejin , Gao Runlin , Xu Bo , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackgroundAlthough numerous studies, to date, have demonstrated a specific phenomenon called the “obesity paradox” in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), studies performed in China thus far have consistently shown an absence of this phenomenon.Hypothesis“Obesity paradox” does exist in Chinese PCI patients.Methods10 724 consecutive Chinese patients who had undergone PCI treatment at a single center from January 2013 to December 2013 were prospectively recruited. Patients were divided into four groups: underweight (body mass index [BMI<18.5 kg/m2]), normal weight (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI<24.0 kg/m2), overweight (24.0 kg/m2≤BMI<28.0 kg/m2), and obese (BMI≥28.0 kg/m2). Two‐year clinical outcomes were compared across the groups.ResultsOverall, mean (±SD) BMI of all the patients was 25.9±3.2 kg/m2. The 2‐year mortality across underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese patients in different BMI groups was 2.2%, 1.7%, 1.1%, and 1.0%, respectively (P=.035). Kaplan‐Meier curves revealed that normal weight patients had higher incidence of all‐cause mortality than overweight and obese (P=.015 and P=.020, respectively). Multivariable Cox regression analysis indicated that overweight was an independent predictor of all‐cause mortality compared with normal weight (HR 0.64, 95% CI 0.41‐0.98, P=.042).ConclusionsOverweight patients have lower risk of mortality after PCI treatment; therefore, the phenomenon of “obesity paradox” also seems to exist in Chinese PCI patients.
Comparing post‐deployment mental health services utilization in soldiers deployed to Balkan, Iraq and Afghanistan
Authors: Madsen T. , Sadowa Vedtofte M. , Nordentoft M. , Ravnborg Nissen L. , Bo Andersen S. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectiveInsight on how different missions have impacted rates of mental health service (MHS) utilization is unexplored. We compared postdeployment MHS utilization in a national cohort of first‐time deployed to missions in Balkan, Iraq, and Afghanistan respectively.MethodsA prospective national cohort study of 13 246 first‐time deployed in the period 1996 through 2012 to missions in Balkan area, Iraq, or Afghanistan respectively. Soldiers ‘MHS utilization was also compared with a 5:1 sex‐, age‐, and calendar year‐matched never‐deployed background population. Postdeployment utilization of MHS was retrieved from national coverage registers. Using Cox survival analyses, participants were followed and compared with regard to receiving three different types of psychiatric services: (i) admission to psychiatric hospital, (ii) psychiatric outpatient contact, and (iii) prescriptions of psychotropics.ResultsUtilizing of psychiatric outpatient services and psychotropics was significantly higher in first‐time deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan compared with deployed to Balkan. However, the rate of postdeployment admission to psychiatric hospital did not differ between missions. Postdeployment rates of psychiatric admission and psychiatric outpatient treatment were significantly higher in Afghanistan‐deployed personnel compared with the background population.ConclusionsUtilization of MHS differed significantly between mission areas and was highest after the latest mission to Afghanistan.
Correlates and prevalence of hypogonadism in patients with early‐ and late‐onset type 2 diabetes
Authors: Li Y. , Zhang M. , Liu X. , Cui W. , Rampersad S. , Li F. , Lin Z. , Yang P. , Li H. , Sheng C. , Cheng X. , Qu S. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryThis study aims to compare the prevalence of hypogonadism between male patients with early‐onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and late‐onset type 2 diabetes. A total of 122 male patients with early‐onset T2DM (diagnosis age ≤40 years) and 100 male patients with late‐onset T2DM (diagnosis age >40 years) were recruited from our in‐patient department between 1 January 2013 and 28 December 2015. Serum FSH, LH, testosterone, lipid profile, uric acid, HbA1c, and beta‐cell function were determined in blood samples. The diagnosis of hypogonadism was based on the levels of LH, FSH, and total testosterone. The mean onset age was 29.86 ± 6.31 and 54.47 ± 9.97 years old in the early‐onset group and late‐onset group, respectively. Compared with late‐onset T2DM, those with early‐onset T2DM had a higher proportion of new‐onset diabetes, were more likely to be obese, and had worse glycemic control, lipid control, and lower sex hormone‐binding globulin (SHBG). The prevalence of hypogonadism was much higher in the early‐onset group than in the late‐onset group (48.0% vs. 26.7%, p < 0.05). The rate of secondary hypogonadism in the early‐onset group and late‐onset group were 44.3% and 25.0%, respectively (p < 0.05). Obesity, waist circumference, and SHBG were significantly associated with serum total testosterone level in all, early‐onset, and late‐onset T2DM. Both all and early‐onset T2DM groups had positive correlations between total testosterone and fasting C‐peptide, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and uric acid. Our results indicate that in a population of admission to a large urban hospital in China, the prevalence of hypogonadism was higher in the patients with early‐onset T2DM than that of late‐onset T2DM. This prevalence might be attributable to greater obesity, worse lipid control, and lower SHBG levels in those patients.
Risk factors for pedicled flap necrosis in hand soft tissue reconstruction: a multivariate logistic regression analysis
Authors: Gong Xu , Cui Jianli , Jiang Ziping , Lu Laijin , Li Xiucun 
Published: May 2017

BackgroundFew clinical retrospective studies have reported the risk factors of pedicled flap necrosis in hand soft tissue reconstruction. The aim of this study was to identify non‐technical risk factors associated with pedicled flap perioperative necrosis in hand soft tissue reconstruction via a multivariate logistic regression analysis.MethodsFor patients with hand soft tissue reconstruction, we carefully reviewed hospital records and identified 163 patients who met the inclusion criteria. The characteristics of these patients, flap transfer procedures and postoperative complications were recorded. Eleven predictors were identified. The correlations between pedicled flap necrosis and risk factors were analysed using a logistic regression model.ResultsOf 163 skin flaps, 125 flaps survived completely without any complications. The pedicled flap necrosis rate in hands was 11.04%, which included partial flap necrosis (7.36%) and total flap necrosis (3.68%). Soft tissue defects in fingers were noted in 68.10% of all cases. The logistic regression analysis indicated that the soft tissue defect site (P = 0.046, odds ratio (OR) = 0.079, confidence interval (CI) (0.006, 0.959)), flap size (P = 0.020, OR = 1.024, CI (1.004, 1.045)) and postoperative wound infection (P < 0.001, OR = 17.407, CI (3.821, 79.303)) were statistically significant risk factors for pedicled flap necrosis of the hand.ConclusionSoft tissue defect site, flap size and postoperative wound infection were risk factors associated with pedicled flap necrosis in hand soft tissue defect reconstruction.
Dynamics of big bubble formation in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty by the big bubble technique: in vitro studies
Authors: Dua Harminder S , Faraj Lana A , Kenawy Mohamed B , AlTaan Saief , Elalfy Mohamed S , Katamish Tarek , Said Dalia G 
Published: May 2017

AbstractPurposeTo examine the movement of air injected in the cornea in simulated deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK), from the needle tip to the formation of different types of big bubbles (BB) and to ascertain how air travels through the stroma and pre‐Descemet's layer [Dua's layer (PDL)] to create a type‐1 (air between PDL and deep stroma) and type‐2BB (air between PDL and Descemet's membrane).MethodsAir was injected in 57 sclerocorneal discs and the passage recorded. Leaking points and sites of commencement of type‐1 and type‐2BB were examined by scanning electron microscopy. Stromal distribution of air pockets was studied by light microscopy. Uninjected corneas served as controls.ResultsInjected air followed a consistent pattern, initially as radial tracks to the limbus, then as circumferential bands along the limbus and finally centripetally to create predominantly a type‐1BB. Type‐2BB started at the periphery, by air emerging through clusters of tiny fenestrations discovered in the periphery of PDL. Fifteen to 20 such clusters were also seen in control samples on either side of the Descemet's attachment. Type‐1BB was formed by air emerging through wide spaces between lamellae of deep stroma. Histologically, the circumferential band revealed an aggregation of air pockets in the mid‐stroma.ConclusionThe consistent pattern of passage of air is indicative of the architecture and microanatomy of the corneal stroma where collagen lamellae are orthogonally arranged centrally and as a circular annulus at the periphery. The novel peripheral fenestrations explain the peripheral commencement of a type‐2BB and the escape of air into the anterior chamber during DALK.
The influence of CYP2C19 polymorphisms on exacerbating effect of rabeprazole in celecoxib‐induced small bowel injury
Authors: Nuki Y. , Umeno J. , Washio E. , Maehata Y. , Hirano A. , Miyazaki M. , Kobayashi H. , Kitazono T. , Matsumoto T. , Esaki M. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryBackgroundSimultaneous use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) has been shown to increase the risk of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)‐induced small bowel injury.AimTo investigate whether polymorphisms of the cytochrome P450 2C19 gene (CYP2C19), encoding a key metabolising enzyme for PPIs, are associated with small bowel injury induced by celecoxib in combination with the PPI rabeprazole.MethodsStudy participants included 55 healthy Japanese volunteers, who participated in the PPI‐NSAID Kyushu University Study using video capsule endoscopy. For 2 weeks, 26 subjects were treated with celecoxib plus rabeprazole (rabeprazole group), and 29 subjects received celecoxib plus placebo (placebo group). All subjects were genotyped for CYP2C19 using real‐time fluorescent polymerase chain reaction. Subjects were sub‐classified as poor metabolizers or extensive metabolizers. The incidence and number of small bowel injuries were compared between poor metabolizers and extensive metabolizers in each group.ResultsIn the rabeprazole group, the incidence of small bowel injuries was significantly higher in poor metabolizers than in extensive metabolizers (85.7% vs 31.6%, P=.026). The number of mucosal injuries in the rabeprazole group was also significantly higher in poor metabolizers compared with extensive metabolizers (median [range] 3 [0‐31] vs 0 [0‐7], P=.01). In addition, we found a significant interaction between CYP2C19 genotype and concomitant use of rabeprazole in subjects at risk for celecoxib‐induced small bowel injury.ConclusionsThe CYP2C19 genotype might be associated with the risk of small bowel injury when celecoxib is combined with rabeprazole.
Cutting edge genomics reveal new insights into tumour development, disease progression and therapeutic impacts in multiple myeloma
Authors: Dutta Ankit K. , Hewett Duncan R. , Fink J. Lynn , Grady John P. , Zannettino Andrew C. W. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMultiple Myeloma (MM) is a haematological malignancy characterised by the clonal expansion of plasma cells (PCs) within the bone marrow. Despite advances in therapy, MM remains a largely incurable disease with a median survival of 6 years. In almost all cases, the development of MM is preceded by the benign PC condition Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS). Recent studies show that the transformation of MGUS to MM is associated with complex genetic changes. Understanding how these changes contribute to evolution will present targets for clinical intervention. We discuss three models of MM evolution; the linear, the expansionist and the intraclonal heterogeneity models. Of particular interest is the intraclonal heterogeneity model. Here, distinct populations of MM PCs carry differing combinations of genetic mutations. Acquisition of additional mutations can contribute to subclonal lineages where “driver” mutations may influence selective pressure and dominance, and “passenger” mutations are neutral in their effects. Furthermore, studies show that clinical intervention introduces additional selective pressure on tumour cells and can influence subclone survival, leading to therapy resistance. This review discusses how Next Generation Sequencing approaches are revealing critical insights into the genetics of MM development, disease progression and treatment. MM disease progression will illuminate possible mechanisms underlying the tumour.
Risk of histological transformation and therapy‐related myelodysplasia/acute myeloid leukaemia in patients receiving radioimmunotherapy for follicular lymphoma
Authors: Epperla Narendranath , Pham Anthony Q. , Burnette Brian L. , Wiseman Gregory A. , Habermann Thomas M. , Macon William R. , Ansell Stephen M. , Inwards David J. , Micallef Ivana N. , Johnston Patrick B. , Markovic Svetomir N. , Porrata Luis F. , Colgan Joseph P. , Ristow Kay M. , Nowakowski Grzegorz S. , Witzig Thomas E. 
Published: May 2017

SummaryHistological transformation (HT) of follicular lymphoma (FL) to an aggressive lymphoma after chemotherapy remains a key issue. The incidence of HT after radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is unknown. This single institution study analysed the risk of HT in FL after treatment with yttrium‐90 ibritumomab tiuxetan in 115 consecutive patients treated during 1987–2012. RIT was administered for progressive FL in 111 (97%) patients and as first‐line therapy in the remaining 4. 28% (n = 32) had HT, occurring at a median of 60 months from diagnosis and 20 months after RIT. 48% (12/25) of patients who received fludarabine developed HT. The estimated 10‐year risk of HT in the fludarabine and non‐fludarabine groups was 67% and 26% respectively (P = 0·015). Only prior fludarabine was significantly associated with predicting the risk of HT after RIT. 8% (9/115) of patients developed therapy‐related myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukaemia (tMDS/AML) at a median of 41·4 months (range, 5–89). The estimated 10‐year risk of tMDS/AML in non‐fludarabine treated patients (n = 90) versus fludarabine treated (n = 25) was 13% and 29%, respectively. The estimated overall risk of FL undergoing HT at 10 years without fludarabine exposure appears similar to patients reported in the literature that have not received RIT. Patients with prior purine‐analogue therapy are at significantly higher risk of HT.
Clinical and genetic predictors of renal dysfunctions in sickle cell anaemia in Cameroon
Authors: Geard Amy , Pule Gift D. , Chetcha Chemegni Bernard , Ngo Bitoungui Valentina J. , Kengne Andre P. , Chimusa Emile R. , Wonkam Ambroise 
Published: May 2017

SummaryMicro‐albuminuria and glomerular hyperfiltration are primary indicators of renal dysfunctions in Sickle Cell Disease (SCD), with more severe manifestations previously associated with variants in APOL1 and HMOX1 among African Americans. We have investigated 413 SCD patients from Cameroon. Anthropometric variables, haematological indices, crude albuminuria, albumin‐to‐creatinine ratio (ACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were measured. Patients were genotyped for 3·7 kb alpha‐globin gene (HBA1/HBA2) deletion, and for variants in APOL1 (G1/G2; rs60910145, rs73885319, rs71785313) and HMOX1 (rs3074372, rs743811). The median age was 15 years; the majority presented with micro‐albuminuria (60·9%; n = 248), and approximately half with glomerular hyperfiltration (49·5%; n = 200). Age, male sex, haemoglobin level, leucocyte count, mean corpuscular volume, blood pressure, body mass index and creatinine levels significantly affected albuminuria and/or eGFR. Co‐inheritance of alpha‐thalassaemia was protective against macro‐albuminuria (P = 0·03). APOL1 G1/G2 risk variants were significantly associated with the ACR (P = 0·01) and borderline with eGFR (P = 0·07). HMOX1 ‐ rs743811 was borderline associated with micro‐albuminuria (P = 0·07) and macro‐albuminuria (P = 0·06). The results revealed a high proportion of micro‐albuminuria and glomerular hyperfiltration among Cameroonian SCD patients, and support the possible use of targeted genetic biomarkers for risks assessment.
Comparison of allografts and xenografts used for alveolar ridge preservation. A clinical and histomorphometric RCT in humans
Authors: Serrano Méndez Carlos Alberto , Lang Niklaus Peter , Caneva Martina , Ramírez Lemus Gloria , Mora Solano Gerardo , Botticelli Daniele 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackgroundSeveral types of bone grafts are used in ridge preservation procedures.PurposeTo compare the healing of allografts and xenografts applied for alveolar ridge preservation.Materials and MethodsTwenty volunteers in need of extraction of a single‐rooted tooth prior to implant installation were randomized into two groups. One group received a deproteinized cancellous bovine bone xenograft embedded in a 10% collagen matrix and the other a demineralized freeze‐dried cortical bone allograft. A collagen membrane was used to cover the grafts, flaps were sutured. At baseline and 6 months later, clinical measurements including vertical and horizontal bone dimensions were taken. Histomorphometric analysis was performed.ResultsBoth groups showed shrinkage of bone dimensions. At mesial, center and distal sites, the vertical changes in dimension were −0.6, 0.5, and −0.1 mm for the allograft and −1.1, −0.4, and −0.9 mm for the xenograft. The horizontal changes in dimensions were −1.4 mm for the allograft and −2.6 mm for the xenograft. New bone and residual graft material were 25.5 ± 10.1% and 33.8 ± 9.4% at the allograft and 35.3 ± 16.8% and 22.2 ± 13.4% at the xenograft sites. None of the differences was statistically significant.ConclusionBoth grafting materials are suitable for the preservation of the alveolar ridge.
Does osteoporosis influence the marginal peri‐implant bone level in female patients? A cross‐sectional study in a matched collective
Authors: Wagner Florian , Schuder Krisztian , Hof Markus , Heuberer Simone , Seemann Rudolf , Dvorak Gabriella 
Published: May 2017

AbstractBackground/purposeOsteoporosis, being a homeostatic imbalance, affects the remodeling of bone. Whether this catabolic bone disease influences peri‐implant marginal bone remodeling remains unknown so far. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of osteoporosis on peri‐implant marginal bone loss (MBL) in postmenopausal women.Materials and methodsIn a matched collective, radiographic peri‐implant bone level (at baseline and at follow‐up examinations) was compared in healthy and osteoporotic women. General health and behavioral history of the patients were recorded using a printed questionnaire.ResultsA best fit matching procedure generated a sample of 48 women with a total of 204 implants matched at patient and implant level that was further statistically analyzed. The mean mesial MBL—statistically corrected to report the first year—was −0.6 ± 1.2 mm (range: −5.1 to 2.2) in the healthy control group and −1.1 ± 1.3 mm (range: −5.3 to 2.2) in the osteoporotic group. Similarly, the mean distal MBL was −0.5 ± 1.3 mm (range: −5.1 to 4.8) in the healthy control group and −1.2 ± 1.3 mm (range: −4.7 to 1.6) in the osteoporotic group, respectively. The base linear regression models including solely osteoporosis and time without any other confounders revealed a significant influence of osteoporosis and time since implant placement on the MBL at the mesial and the distal implant aspect. The significance of osteoporosis on bone loss did not change incorporating the confounders: bone level at implantation, smoking, jaw, location, surface, concrement, plaque, augmentation, edentulism in opposing and implant jaw, bisphosphonates, vitamin D, fixed versus removable prosthetics, connection type.ConclusionsThere is no contraindication to place dental implants in osteoporotic patients. This study implicates to respect the bone level at implant placement and not to place the implant below bone level if possible.
Why do financial inclusion policies fail in mobilizing savings from the poor? Lessons from rural south India
Authors: Goedecke Jann , Guérin Isabelle , D'Espallier Bert , Venkatasubramanian Govindan 
Published: May 2017

AbstractCombining multivariate and qualitative analyses, this micro‐level study suggests an explanation for the persistence of informal savings in rural south India despite publicly run large‐scale programmes to promote bank savings. Gold, in particular, but also Rotating Saving and Credit Associations (ROSCAs) and private lending, remain the dominant forms of savings. We argue that cultural norms and social institutions, such as social class and caste, shape the nature of savings, and also the propensity and opportunities to save. Gold serves multiple purposes, financial, economic, socio‐cultural and political. Furthermore, we find that the preference of Dalits (the lowest caste) for gold illustrates a relative emancipation, which contrasts with the persistence of caste‐related prohibitions preventing them investing in other assets, such as land.
Distribution of strain patterns in children with dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: den Boer Susanna L. , du Marchie Sarvaas Gideon J. , Klitsie Liselotte M. , van Iperen Gabriëlle G. , Tanke Ronald B. , Helbing Willem A. , Backx Ad P.C.M. , Rammeloo Lukas A.J. , Dalinghaus Michiel , ten Harkel Arend D.J. 
Published: May 2017

ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the predicting value of quantitative and qualitative dyssynchrony parameters as assessed by two‐dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (STE) on outcome in children with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). Furthermore, the reproducibility of these parameters was investigated.BackgroundIn previous studies in adults with heart failure, several dyssynchrony parameters have been shown to be a valuable predictor of clinical outcome.MethodsThis multicenter, prospective study included 75 children with DCM and 75 healthy age‐matched controls. Using STE, quantitative (time to global peak strain and parameters describing intraventricular time differences) and qualitative dyssynchrony parameters (pattern analysis) of the apical four‐chamber, three‐chamber, two‐chamber views, and the short axis of the left ventricle were assessed. Cox regression was used to identify risk factors for the primary endpoints of death or heart transplantation. Inter‐observer and intra‐observer variability were described.ResultsDuring a median of 21 months follow‐up, 10 patients (13%) reached an endpoint. Although quantitative dyssynchrony measures were higher in patients as compared to controls, the inter‐observer and intra‐observer variability were high. Pattern analysis showed mainly reduced strain, instead of dyssynchronous patterns.ConclusionsIn this study, quantitative dyssynchrony parameters were not reproducible, precluding their use in children. Qualitative pattern analysis showed predominantly reduced strain, suggesting that in children with DCM dyssynchrony may be a minor problem.