bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Geological conditions and fluid flow history that lead to the development of large clastic dykes in basins: A case study from Kushiro, Japan
Authors: Tamamura Shuji , Murakami Takuma , Kaneko Katsuhiko , Yoneda Tetsuro , Sato Tsutomu , Aizawa Jun , Matsumoto Hiroyuki , Uchida Kagemi , Suzuki Yoshiaki , Igarashi Toshifumi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractLarge clastic dykes (the Harutori‐Taro and Harutori‐Jiro dykes) and smaller dykes are exposed in the underground Kushiro Coal Mine (KCM), Japan. This study examines these dykes as a case study to investigate the geological conditions and fluid flow history that lead to the development of large clastic dykes in basins. The composition of the dykes indicates the Beppo and/or Harutori formations as their parent unit. Crystallite size distribution (CSD) analysis reveals Ostwald ripening of the kaolinite in the kaolinitised feldspar from the dykes, suggesting stagnant conditions in the parent unit before the dyke was formed. In contrast, smectite CSDs and the high carbonate content of the dykes suggest that large volumes of fluid flowed through the dykes along the established hydraulic gradient, which was triggered by the breaking of the upper seal. The isotopic and chemical compositions of the calcite and aragonite in the dykes, with moderate siderite and rhodochrosite content, indicate the fluid was a warm (>30°C) mixture of freshwater and saltwater, which was transferred from deeper levels of the parent unit towards the crest of an anticline. Immediately after sand injection, the semi‐closed system of the parent unit near the root of the large dyke was transformed into a major flow channel for overpressurised fluids. Subsequently, a large volume of fluid flowed along the vertical conduit (or dyke) over a long period of time (>1 Myr), which removed fluid from a widespread area (i.e., several hundred square kilometres) of the basin. The results show that thin parent units, poor lateral continuity of the upper seal, and spatially heterogeneous overpressurisation do not preclude the formation of large dykes.
Exploratory Analysis of the Association Between Plasma Ceramide Alterations and Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Liu Xu , Liu Xuanjing , Liu Yuning , Yang Bo , Li Yangdanyu , Li Fujia , Qian Kun , Liu Xuesong , Xiao Lishun , Cui Guiyun , Xu Chuanying 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTObjectivePrior research has underscored the importance of sphingolipid metabolism in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis. Our objective was to explore the associations between plasma ceramide levels and PD patients with cognitive dysfunction (PD‐CD).MethodsWe enrolled two study populations from Eastern China and the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI), comprising 290 (100 HCs, 160 PDs, and 30 MSAs) and 429 (125 HCs and 304 PDs) participants, respectively. The plasma levels of ceramides (Cer 16:0, Cer 18:0, Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1) were tested via HPLC–MS/MS analysis.ResultsCompared with those in the HC group, the plasma levels of Cer 18:0, Cer 24:1, Cer 16:0/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1/Cer 24:0 were higher in both the PD and MSA groups. Significant differences in the plasma levels of Cer 16:0/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1/Cer 24:0 were observed among the PD‐NC (PD with normal cognition), PD‐MCI (PD with mild cognitive impairment), and PDD (PD dementia) groups, with the PDD group exhibiting the highest levels. PD patients with higher baseline levels of plasma ceramides (specifically, Cer 18:0, Cer 16:0/Cer 24:0, Cer 18:0/Cer 24:0, and Cer 24:1/Cer 24:0) demonstrated accelerated cognitive decline compared with individuals who had lower baseline plasma ceramide levels during the 5‐year follow‐up period. A biomarker panel including Cer 18:0/Cer 24:0 and Cer 24:1/Cer 24:0 could effectively differentiate PD‐CD from PD‐NC with notable diagnostic accuracy.ConclusionsOur results indicate that plasma ceramide levels could potentially be used as diagnostic biomarkers for PD‐CD.
Developing Concepts of Authenticity: Insights From Parents’ and Children's Conversations About Historical Significance
Authors: Nancekivell Shaylene E. , Stilwell Sarah , Gelman Susan A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe present study investigated children's understanding that an object's history may increase its significance, an appreciation that underpins the concept of historical authenticity (i.e., the idea that an item's history determines its true identity, beyond its functional or material qualities, leading people to value real items over copies or fakes). We examined the development of historical significance through the lens of parent–child conversations, and children's performance on an authenticity assessment. The final sample was American, 79.2% monoracial White, and mid‐high socio‐economic status (SES) and included 48 parent–child pairs: 24 with younger children (R = 3.5 to 4.5 years) and 24 with older children (R = 5.5 to 6.5 years). Parent–child pairs discussed three books we created, with three storylines: a museum (culturally authentic) storyline, a clean‐up (personally authentic) storyline, and a control storyline. Across measures, conversations suggested that authenticity may begin as a “placeholder concept” that is initially rooted in a broad appreciation for the significance of old objects and only later filled in with specifics. This placeholder initially directs children's learning about authenticity by linking, in an unspecified way, the value and significance of objects to their past. For example, we found that young children appropriately appealed to history (vs. perceptual or functional features of objects) in contexts regarding authentic objects but struggled in determining which objects were more significant on the post‐test assessment, suggesting that they attend to object history but are not yet sure how histories matter for making authenticity judgments. We also found some evidence that directing children's attention toward conceptual information related to object history may in turn direct them away from material or perceptual considerations, as seen in trade‐offs in parents’ and children's conversations. Together, this exploratory report offers many new avenues for work on the development of authenticity concepts in childhood.
Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of izuforant, an H4R inhibitor, in healthy subjects: A phase I single and multiple ascending dose study
Authors: Jin Byung Hak , Hong Taegon , Yoo Byung Won , Kim Choon Ok , Kim Dasohm , Kim Youn Nam , Park Min Soo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIzuforant is a selective, and potent histamine H4 receptor (H4R) antagonist developed to treat atopic dermatitis (AD). There is an unmet medical need for therapeutic agents to control inflammation and pruritus. Izuforant is a strong candidate for this task based on the findings of non‐clinical studies showing that inhibition of the histamine‐mediated signaling pathway via H4R by izuforant results in decreased pruritus and inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of izuforant. Dose‐block‐randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, single‐ and multiple ascending dose studies were conducted in 64 healthy volunteers. For the single ascending dose (SAD) study, 10–600 mg izuforant was administered to the designated groups. For the multiple ascending dose (MAD) study, 100–400 mg izuforant was administered to three groups. The clinical pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of izuforant was evaluated using plasma and urine concentrations. Blood sampling for the PD assay, which measured imetit‐induced eosinophil shape changes (ESC), was also conducted. A one‐compartment PK model described the distribution and elimination profiles of izuforant. An imetit‐induced ESC inhibition test was established and validated for PD evaluation as a measure of the H4R antagonistic effect. ESC inhibition was observed even at doses as low as 10 mg; however, this inhibition became stronger and lasted longer as the dose increased. All izuforant doses were well tolerated, and no discontinuations due to adverse events (AE) or deaths were reported.
Brain health and national neurological societies: Results of the European Academy of Neurology survey on brain health awareness and areas of implementation for European countries
Authors: Leonardi Matilde , Colonna Isabella , Garcia‐Azorin David , Bereczki Daniel , Bodini Benedetta , Bregman Noa , Kälviäinen Reetta K. , Kondybayeva Aida , Papp Viktoria , Vodušek David B. , von Oertzen Tim , Danova Robertina , Crean Michael , Wurm Raphael , Bassetti Claudio , Berger Thomas , Boon Paul , Kallweit Ulf , Marson Anthony , Moro Elena , Rektorova Irena , Toscano Antonio , Leocani Letizia 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackground and purposeThe European Academy of Neurology (EAN) has adhered to the global plan for reducing the burden of neurological disorders and promoting brain health launched by the World Health Organisation (WHO), the WHO Intersectoral Global Action Plan on Epilepsy and Other Neurological Disorders. This study reports the results of an EAN survey among national neurological societies (NNSs) on their awareness of brain health policies.MethodsThe EAN survey on the current state of national brain health policies was conducted among the 47 presidents of the NNSs affiliated with the EAN, with the aim of developing the best strategy for close collaboration among stakeholders.ResultsFrom June 2023 to February 2024, 36/47 responses (77%) were collected. Among respondents, 67% were in contact with their Ministry of Health and 78% were aware of and in contact with one or more national neurological patient organisation, while 17% had no contacts with any association. Ninety‐two percent declared a high to medium degree of awareness of the need to support brain health and of brain health plans and strategies in their country.ConclusionsOur findings suggest good awareness of the importance of brain health and of the strategies implemented at the national level among the EAN‐affiliated NNSs and representatives. Efforts towards improvement may be directed towards cooperation between NNSs and political institutions, as well as patient organisations, to optimise brain and global public health and neurological care in each country.
Climate policy shocks and crowdfunding success of renewable technology campaigns
Authors: Cheng Sirui , Hua Xiuping , Peng Jiadong , Zhang Huayi 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study uses Trump's withdrawal from the Paris Accord as an exogenous policy shock and investigates its impact on crowdfunding outcomes. We find that this major policy change negatively affects the funding success of renewable technology campaigns. Mechanism tests suggest that social trust and availability bias transmit the influence of climate policy shock on crowd backers' decisions. Further analyses indicate that Biden's consequential policy reversal recovers the investors' support towards renewable technology. Overall, the Trump administration's climate policy shock induces significant shifts in the consumption preferences of small investors and incurs negative externalities upon renewable technology in crowdfunding markets.
The structure of epiphytic and planktonic bacterial assemblages under two contrasting lake regimes
Authors: Zhang Xiaomin , Hu Siwen , He Rujia , Sun Xiaojian , Wu Qinglong L. , Zeng Jin , Zhao Dayong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

In contrast to the macrophyte‐dominated regime (MDR), the phytoplankton‐dominated regime (PDR) in shallow lakes is characterized by relatively high nutrient concentrations, excessive phytoplankton growth and turbid water column. Some floating‐leaved plants can grow under both regimes and aid in reducing nutrient concentrations in water bodies. Their epiphytic bacterial assemblages play an essential role in the health and adaptation of these plants; however, there is limited understanding of this plant‐bacteria interaction. Here, we used 16S rRNA gene‐based high‐throughput sequencing to compare the diversity, composition and co‐occurrence patterns of planktonic and epiphytic bacterial assemblages associated with the submerged roots and floating leaves of Trapa natans, growing under the PDR and MDR in Lake Taihu, China.

Alpha diversity of PDR epiphytic bacterial assemblages was lower than in MDR. The opposite trend was observed for planktonic bacterial assemblages. We detected a strong compositional difference between epiphytic and planktonic bacterial assemblages. Bacterial assemblages found on root and leaf surfaces showed only minimal compositional overlap with those in the water column.

The composition of epiphytic bacterial assemblages differed more between the two regimes than did planktonic bacterial assemblages. The PDR co‐occurrence network of bacterial assemblages was more complex than that of the MDR, with the PDR epiphytic habitats enriched more network keystone taxa. The proportion of positive edges was also greater in the PDR networks of epiphytic bacterial assemblages than in the epiphytic MDR networks, whereas it was lower in the planktonic bacterial network from the PDR than from the MDR.

The comprehensive view of the diversity, composition and co‐occurrence patterns of epiphytic and planktonic bacterial assemblages of MDR and PDR in large shallow lakes provided by our results showed that the structure of epiphytic bacterial assemblages was mediated by both host and water properties, and the observed core taxa and network keystone species may play an important role in maintaining plant growth and adaptation to environmental change.
The Effects of a Web Application for Reducing the Risk of Breast Cancer‐Related Lymphedema on Health Literacy and Self‐Efficacy in Managing Symptoms Among Patients With Breast Cancer
Authors: Wanchai Ausanee , Panploy Somsri 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTAimsThis study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a web application on health literacy and self‐efficacy in managing arm oedema symptoms among patients with breast cancer.MethodsThe research was carried out in four phases as follows: Phase 1, using a qualitative approach to explore problems and information needs in educating breast cancer patients through in‐depth interviews with 10 professional nurses who had experiences in caring for breast cancer patients and 20 breast cancer patients. Data were analysed by content analysis; Phase 2, designing and developing a web application and confirming its quality by five experts with experience caring for breast cancer patients; Phase 3, testing the web application with five breast cancer patients; and Phase 4, examining the effectiveness of a web application in breast cancer patients using a quasiexperimental research method. Patients were divided into 15 persons in control and 15 in intervention groups, a total of 30 persons. The tools used in the study consisted of (1) a web application on practices for reducing risk for arm oedema after breast cancer treatment, (2) a health literacy assessment tool, (3) a self‐efficacy for managing symptoms questionnaire and (4) a web application satisfaction questionnaire. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, chi‐square and t test.ResultsQualitative findings: The web application should cover patients' and nurses' views on arm oedema causes, assessment, prevention and self‐care for managing swelling after breast cancer treatment. Characteristics of a web application required: large text, bright colours, clear visibility, accompanying pictures or videos, using simple language without official terminology, easy to access, convenient to use, concise, interesting content and shareable to others. Quantitative findings: The intervention group had significantly higher health literacy and self‐efficacy in managing symptom scores than before the trial (p < 0.001). Sample groups were satisfied with the developed web application at a high level. When considering each item, it was found that all items were rated at high levels. Two items with the same highest score were ease of use and the attractiveness of the presentation style.ConclusionThis web application, aimed at reducing the risk of arm oedema after breast cancer treatment, is an effective tool for educating all hospitalized patients. In addition, further research should be conducted to monitor the sustainability of long‐term and clinical outcomes.
Elevated CO2 Concentration Enhances Drought Tolerance by Mitigating Oxidative Stress and Enhancing Carbon Assimilation in Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica)
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqin , Duan Yuqian , Xing Qijun , Duan Ruonan , Shen Jie , Zong Yuzheng , Zhang Dongsheng , Shi Xinrui , Li Ping , Hao Xingyu 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTElevated CO2 concentration (eCO2) can modulate the response of crop plants to drought stress (DS). This study aimed to investigate the response of leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, antioxidant activities, osmotic adjustment substance, phytohormone and signal transduction regulatory enzymes, as well as related genes in foxtail millet to DS (water stress for 10 days), ambient condition (aCO2, 400 μmol mol−1) and eCO2 (600 μmol mol−1). eCO2 significantly increased the net photosynthetic rate, maximum net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll a content, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, but did not affect leaf instantaneous water‐use efficiency under DS. eCO2 also significantly enhanced the quantum yield of Photosystem II (PSII), photosynthetic electron transport, and proportion of open PSII reaction centers under DS. Moreover, eCO2 significantly increased abscisic acid (ABA) content, proline content, and the activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and calcium‐dependent protein kinase under DS, leading to a significant reduction in malondialdehyde content. eCO2 significantly increased the expressions of gene encoding ABA‐, stress‐ and ripening‐induced proteins and ABA‐responsive element binding factor under DS. Our results clearly demonstrated the vital role of eCO2 in mitigating the drought‐induced damage over ambient CO2 grown foxtail millet.
Integrative transcriptome analysis identifies a crotonylation gene signature for predicting prognosis and drug sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Yang Bailu , Wen Fukai , Cui Yifeng 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) stands as the most prevalent and treatment‐resistant malignant tumour, characterized by a dismal prognosis. Croton acylation (CA) has recently gained attention as a critical factor in cancer pathogenesis. This study sought to rapidly identify prognostic features of HCC linked to CA. Differential analysis was conducted between tumour tissues and adjacent non‐tumour tissues in the TCGA‐LIHC and GSE76427 datasets to uncover differentially expressed genes (DEG1 and DEG2). The intersection of DEG1 and DEG2 highlighted DEGs with consistent expression patterns. Single‐sample gene set enrichment analysis scores were calculated for 18 lysine crotonylation‐related genes (LCRGs) identified in prior research, showing significant differences between tumour and normal groups. Subsequently, weighted gene co‐expression network analysis was employed to identify key module genes correlated with the LCRG score. Candidate genes were identified by overlapping consistently expressed DEGs with key module genes. Prognostic features were identified, and risk scores were determined via regression analysis. Patients were categorized into risk groups based on the optimal cutoff value. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and immunoassays were also performed. The prognostic features were further validated using reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR). A total of 88 candidate genes were identified from 1179 consistently expressed DEGs and 4200 key module genes. Seven prognostic features were subsequently identified: TMCO3, RAP2A, ITGAV, ZFYVE26, CHST9, HMGN4, and KLHL21. GSEA revealed that DEGs between risk groups were primarily associated with chylomicron metabolism, among other pathways. Additionally, activated CD4+ T cells demonstrated the strongest positive correlation with risk scores, and most immune checkpoints showed significant differences between risk groups, with ASXL1 exhibiting the strongest correlation with risk scores. The Tumour Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion score was notably higher in the high‐risk group. Moreover, in both the TCGA‐LIHC and ICGC‐LIRI‐JP datasets, the expression of other prognostic features was elevated in tumour tissues, with the exception of CHST9. RT‐qPCR confirmed the increased expression of TMCO3, RAP2A, ITGAV, ZFYVE26, and HMGN4. This study establishes a risk model for HCC based on seven crotonylation‐associated prognostic features, offering a theoretical framework for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.
HDAC7 promotes ovarian cancer malignancy via AKT/mTOR signalling pathway
Authors: Feng Qi , Hao Sheng , Liu Xiongxiu , Yan Zhong , Sheng Kai , Li Yanping , Zhang Peng , Sheng Xiugui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOvarian cancer is of the most lethal malignancy and causes serious threat to women health worldwide. A deep understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying ovarian cancer progression is critical for the development of promising therapeutic strategies. In this study, we aimed to employ immunohistochemistry to determine the protein level of HDAC7 in patient tissues, our data showed HDAC7 levels are upregulated in tumour tissues. In addition, we also performed Kaplan–Meier survival analysis to investigate the association between HDAC7 expression and clinical prognosis, and found that HDAC7 expression was associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer patients. Inhibition of HDAC7 cells resulted in lower cell proliferation, invasion and colony formation. Furthermore, we also found that HDAC7 inhibition suppressed PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. In contrast, exogenous HDAC7 expression activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in HDAC7 knockout cells and rescued the cell proliferation, invasion and colony formation. However, inhibition of p‐AKT induced lower cell proliferation, metastasis and colony formation abilities. In murine model, HDAC7 KO significantly decreased the tumour burden. These data indicate that HDAC7 is involved in regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and targeting of HDAC7 could be potential therapeutic strategy in the treatment of ovarian cancer.