bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Otoacoustic Emissions in Rural Nicaragua: Cost Analysis and Implications for Newborn Hearing Screening
Authors: Wong Lye‐Yeng , Espinoza Francisca , Alvarez Karen Mojica , Molter Dave , Saunders James E. 
Published: March 2017

Objective(1) Determine the incidence and risk factors for congenital hearing loss. (2) Perform cost analysis of screening programs.Study DesignProportionally distributed cross‐sectional survey.SettingJinotega, Nicaragua.Subjects and MethodsOtoacoustic emissions (OAEs) were used to screen 640 infants <6 months of age from neonatal intensive care unit, institutional, and home birth settings. Data on 15 risk factors were analyzed. Cost of 4 implementation strategies was studied: universal screening, screening at the regional health center (RHC), targeted screening, and screening at the RHC plus targeted screening. Cost‐effectiveness analysis over 10 years was based on disability‐adjusted life year estimates, with the World Health Organization standard of cost‐effectiveness ratio (CER) / gross domestic product (GDP) <3, with GDP set at $4884.15.ResultsThirty‐eight infants failed the initial OAE (5.94%). In terms of births, 325 (50.8%) were in the RHC, 69 (10.8%) in the neonatal intensive care unit, and 29 (4.5%) at home. Family history and birth defect were significant in univariate analysis; birth defect was significant in multivariate analysis. Cost‐effectiveness analysis demonstrated that OAE screening is cost‐effective without treatment (CER/GDP = 0.06‐2.00) and with treatment (CER/GDP = 0.58‐2.52).ConclusionsOur rate of OAE failures was comparable to those of developed countries and lower than hearing loss rates noted among Nicaraguan schoolchildren, suggesting acquired or progressive etiology in the latter. Birth defects and familial hearing loss correlated with OAE failure. OAE screening of infants is feasible and cost‐effective in rural Nicaragua, although highly influenced by estimated hearing loss severity in identified infants and the high travel costs incurred in a targeted screening strategy.
The Role of Fetuin‐A and Electrolytes in the Etiology of Sialolithiasis
Authors: Demirhan Hasan , Yıldız Muhammet , Çelebi Özlem Önerci , Baz Şehide , İnal Berrin Berçik , Yiğit Özgür 
Published: March 2017

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate serum and saliva fetuin‐A, protein, and electrolyte levels in patients with sialolithiasis.Study DesignProspective randomized controlled study.SettingTertiary center.Subjects and MethodsTwenty patients with recurrent sialadenitis secondary to submandibular salivary gland stones and 20 asymptomatic healthy volunteers without salivary gland stones were included in the study. Bimanual palpation and ultrasonography were performed in the patient and control groups. The electrolyte, protein, and fetuin‐A levels of the serum and saliva were measured.ResultsThe serum calcium, phosphorus, and potassium levels of the patients were significantly lower than those of the control group (respectively, P =. 04, P =. 01, P =. 04). There was no statistically significant difference between the serum fetuin‐A levels of the 2 groups (P =. 06). The saliva phosphorus values of the patients were higher than those of the control group (P =. 05), as were their saliva fetuin‐A and total protein values (P =. 001, P =. 01). A positive correlation was determined between the saliva fetuin‐A levels and the saliva phosphorus and potassium levels of the patients (P =. 04, P =. 02). The magnesium level, which has been argued to be a factor in the prevention of calcification, showed an increased correlation with the total protein in the patient group (P =. 02).ConclusionIt is possible that the high levels of saliva fetuin‐A, total protein, and phosphorus with insufficient of saliva magnesium levels may make a contribution to the formation of sialoliths.
Epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in the United States: implications for the perfusion profession. A 2017 update
Authors: Sistino Joseph J. , Fitzgerald David C. 
Published: March 2017

Introduction: By analyzing epidemiological trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD), key stakeholders can make informed decisions on the future of disease burden and treatment. Accordingly, the cardiovascular perfusion community would benefit from data that would help predict future professional resource utilization. Methods: In 2003, the changes in the number of hospital discharges for CVD from 1990 to 2000 were published, based on data from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS). In this study, the NCHS database was reviewed, as well as other resources, to compile the procedure data. Results: Deaths due to heart disease and the number of hospital admissions for CVD have decreased over the last decade in contrast to the previous decade. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), cardiac catheterization and angioplasty rates have also decreased. However, the percentage of the population older than 65 years of age is increasing at a much faster rate than the population growth in general. As a result, there has been a consistent increase in cardiac services utilization, such as transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), ventricular assist devices and extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Conclusions: There are many different factors affecting the need for perfusionists in the future. An increasing and aging population with a higher prevalence of CVD, an increased number of hospitals offering cardiovascular services and increased access to care increases the need for perfusion services. It is important for the perfusion profession to follow these changing trends in CVD and treatment in order to plan for the future.
Eccentric Training for Tendon Healing After Acute Lesion: A Rat Model
Authors: Kaux Jean-François , Libertiaux Vincent , Leprince Pierre , Fillet Marianne , Denoel Vincent , Wyss Clémence , Lecut Christelle , Gothot André , Le Goff Caroline , Croisier Jean-Louis , Crielaard Jean-Michel , Drion Pierre 
Published: March 2017

Background: The tendon is a dynamic entity that remodels permanently. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection has been shown to have a beneficial effect on tendon healing after lesion in rats. Furthermore, eccentric exercise seems to improve the mechanical quality of the tendon. Hypothesis: A combination of PRP injection and eccentric training might be more effective than either treatment alone. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Adult male rats were anesthetized, an incision was performed in the middle of their left patellar tendon and an injection of physiological fluid (PF) or homologous PRP was randomly made at the lesion level. The rats were then divided into 2 groups: the eccentric group, undergoing eccentric training 3 times a week, and the untrained group, without any training. Thus, 4 groups were compared. After 5 weeks, the tendons were removed and their ultimate tensile strength and energy were measured. Tendons were frozen for proteomic analyses when all biomechanical tests were completed. Statistical analysis was performed with linear mixed effect models. Results: No significant difference was found between the treatments using PF injection or PRP injection alone. However, the value of the ultimate tensile force at rupture was increased by 4.5 N (108% of control, P = .006) when eccentric training was performed. An intragroup analysis revealed that eccentric training significantly improved the ultimate force values for the PRP group. Proteomic analysis revealed that eccentric training led to an increase in abundance of several cytoskeletal proteins in the PF group, while a decrease in abundance of enzymes of the glycolytic pathway occurred in the PRP-treated groups, indicating that this treatment might redirect the exercise-driven metabolic plasticity of the tendon. Conclusion: Eccentric training altered the metabolic plasticity of tendon and led to an improvement of injured tendon resistance regardless of the treatment injected (PF or PRP). Clinical Relevance: This study demonstrates the necessity of eccentric rehabilitation and training in cases of tendon lesion regardless of the treatment carried out.
Side effects and their impact on the success of milk oral immunotherapy (OIT) in children
Authors: Mori Francesca , Cianferoni Antonella , Brambilla Alice , Barni Simona , Sarti Lucrezia , Pucci Neri , de Martino Maurizio , Novembre Elio 
Published: March 2017

Oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been introduced as a new immune-modulating treatment under investigation for food allergies. The aim of our study was to evaluate the success of OIT in a cohort of children with milk allergy. These children underwent OIT in a clinical practice and were followed for up to ten years. The secondary endpoint was to describe the main adverse events during OIT and compare them to those reported in the literature. Eighty-two milk-allergic children started OIT. According to the OIT endpoint reached after one year, all of the children enrolled in the study were divided into four groups: complete desensitization; partial desensitization; step down; and stop groups. Any adverse events that occurred during OIT were also recorded. Of the 82 patients, eight were recruited in the last months of 2010 so they were still ongoing at the end of the study. For that reason, they were excluded from the analysis. The majority (73%) of the 74 children evaluated (51 boys, 23 girls; median age, 7 years; age range, 2–18 years; specific serum IgE for cow’s milk, 36 KUA/L [range, 3–100 KUA/L]; milk SPT wheal diameter, 7 mm [range, 2–15 mm]) reached complete (58.1%) or partial (14.9%) desensitization, 9.4% were subjected to step down. The remaining 17.6% of the children discontinued OIT because of the occurrence of chronic gastroenteric (GE) symptoms (46.1%) or acute asthma (15.3%) following milk intake. In agreement with the literature, we found that chronic GE symptoms was the main reason for OIT discontinuation. OIT represents a valid tool for the treatment of food allergies in children; however, the risk of potential adverse reactions, both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated, should be discussed with parents prior to the initiation of OIT.
Renal Function, Weaning, and Survival in Patients With Ventilator-Dependent Respiratory Failure
Authors: Datta Debapriya , Foley Raymond J. , Wu Rong , Grady James , Scalise Paul 
Published: March 2017

Background: Acute kidney injury in acute critical illness has been associated with poor weaning and survival outcomes. The relation between renal dysfunction as defined by creatinine clearance (CrCl) and weaning from prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) is not known. The objective of this study was to determine the relation of measured CrCl to weaning and survival in patients on PMV. Methods: We retrospectively studied 167 patients on PMV admitted to a long-term acute care facility for weaning over a 3-year period. Data obtained included age, gender, admission blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, CrCl, random urine creatinine (RUCr), and 24-hour urinary creatinine (24UCr). Renal dysfunction was defined as normal (CrCl > 90 mL/min), mild (CrCl 60-90 mL/min), moderate (CrCl 30-59 mL/min), and severe (CrCl < 30 mL/min). Primary outcome measured was liberation from PMV, defined as being off ventilator for >7 days. Survival, defined as being alive at discharge, time to wean, and time to discharge alive were secondary outcomes. The association between the studied parameters and outcomes was determined by unpaired t test. The predictive value of studied parameters for weaning and survival was determined by multivariate logistic regression analysis. P < .05 was statistically significant. Results: Mean age was 68.5 (14) years; 49% were males; 64% were liberated and 65.8% survived. Blood urea nitrogen, RUCr, 24Ucr, and CrCl had a significant association with successful weaning. These parameters (except BUN) also had a significant association with survival. A better outcome occurred with CrCl > 90 mL/min. Conclusion: Measured CrCl has a significant relation to successful weaning and survival in patients on PMV and may be useful in prognosticating their outcome.
From Games to Gamification: A Classification of Rewards in World of Warcraft for the Design of Gamified Systems
Authors: Rapp Amon 
Published: March 2017

Background. Gamification commonly uses a limited set of design elements to enhance applications and services in a variety of contexts, such as learning, health and work. However, gamification techniques are based on well-established design practices and rarely new game elements are added to the catalogue available to gamification designers. Aim. This article enriches such catalogue by taking inspiration from WORLD OF WARCRAFT (WoW). Specifically, it focuses on WoW’s rewards to show how games are capable of creating complex and diversified design elements that may have different impacts on players. Method. Through an ethnographic study, this article defines a classification of WoW’s rewards based on the values that players ascribe to them, as well as on the effects that such incentives produce on players’ experience. Results. Starting from these findings, the article describes a series of design considerations for using rewards in different application fields, such as learning and behavior change. Conclusions. The considerations can be usefully applied to the gamification domain, as well as to the design of games with serious purposes.
Evaluation of Fibular Fracture Type vs Location of Tibial Fixation of Pilon Fractures
Authors: Busel Gennadiy A. , Watson J. Tracy , Israel Heidi 
Published: March 2017

Background: Comminuted fibular fractures can occur with pilon fractures as a result of valgus stress. Transverse fibular fractures can occur with varus deformation. No definitive guide for determining the proper location of tibial fixation exists. The purpose of this study was to identify optimal plate location for fixation of pilon fractures based on the orientation of the fibular fracture. Methods: One hundred two patients with 103 pilon fractures were identified who were definitively treated at our institution from 2004 to 2013. Pilon fractures were classified using the AO/OTA classification and included 43-A through 43-C fractures. Inclusion criteria were age of at least 18 years, associated fibular fracture, and definitive tibial plating. Patients were grouped based on the fibular component fracture type (comminuted vs transverse), and the location of plate fixation (medial vs lateral) was noted. Radiographic outcomes were assessed for mechanical failures. Results: Forty fractures were a result of varus force as evidenced by transverse fracture of the fibula and 63 were due to valgus force with a comminuted fibula. For the transverse fibula group, 14.3% mechanical complications were noted for medially placed plate vs 80% for lateral plating ( P = .006). For the comminuted fibular group, 36.4% of medially placed plates demonstrated mechanical complications vs 16.7% for laterally based plates ( P = .156). Time to weight bearing as tolerated was also noted to be significant between groups plated medially and laterally for the comminuted group ( P = .013). Conclusions: Correctly assessing the fibular component for pilon fractures provides valuable information regarding deforming forces. To limit mechanical complications, tibial plates should be applied in such a way as to resist the original deforming forces. Level of Evidence Level III, comparative study.
Jurisdiction and Applicable Law in the EU Directive on Transfer of Proceedings in Criminal Matters
Authors: Ludwiczak Maria 
Published: March 2017

The EU Directive on Transfer of proceedings in criminal matters will complete the range of modes of cooperation between the States of the European Union. Transfer of proceedings comes within the scope of mutual trust and recognition in the EU. It has the virtue not only of speeding up criminal procedures but also of achieving better social rehabilitation of the convicted person. This contribution sets a background for the understanding of the Directive and provides comments on competence and applicable law, the two most controversial aspects of the transfer of proceedings under the Directive.
European Integration or Democracy Disintegration in Measures concerning Police and Judicial Cooperation?
Authors: Ventrella Matilde 
Published: March 2017

In recent cases on the European Arrest Warrant, the Court of Justice of the European Union has made decisions which are incompatible with the requirements of national Constitutions on the protection of fundamental rights such as the right to freedom from imprisonment. National Constitutions are acts of national Parliaments which often require the completion of a very difficult procedure in order to be amended. Unfortunately, the Court of Justice has not taken these procedures into consideration when it has ruled that, in order to enhance mutual trust between national judicial authorities, the European Arrest Warrant can be issued even at the sacrifice of freedoms of individuals protected by national Constitutions. Similar judgements are incompatible with decisions made by Constitutional Courts such as the Italian Constitutional Court which states that the Union's supremacy and the application of the European Arrest Warrant cannot encroach upon the fundamental principles of Constitutions. Elected bodies such as the European Parliament and national Parliaments should decide whether fundamental principles protected by national Constitutions should be set aside. The entry into force of the Lisbon Treaty could have made the difference as it increased the respective powers of national Parliaments and the European Parliament in the EU decision making procedure. Unfortunately, these changes have not led to more democracy in the criminal area. The result is that the Court of Justice case-law on the European Arrest Warrant is incompatible with the judgments of national Constitutional Courts. This article will show how incompatibility between the different courts and lack of democracy in the criminal area could lead to the failure of police and judicial cooperation between Member States. In order to avoid this failure, it is imperative that measures in the criminal area are adopted by the democratic institutions: the European Parliament and national Parliaments in cooperation with each other. Indeed, these institutions alone, not unelected bodies such as the Court of Justice, should evaluate whether national Constitutions should be set aside in order to fight against criminal organisations.
Renal oncocytoma in a cat with chronic renal failure
Authors: Lee Sora , Choi Hyun-Ji , Lee Han-Byul , Jo Sung-Min , Mun Ji-hye , Son Woo-Chan 
Published: March 2017

Case summary A 9-year-old male neutered domestic shorthair cat presented with anorexia. Ultrasonography showed an irregularly shaped hypoechoic mass in the cranial pole of the right kidney. Ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of the renal mass was performed. Cytology revealed moderate cellularity smears composed of epithelial cell clusters, which consisted of an exclusive population of oncocytic cells seen in sheets and papillary clusters along with abundant single cells. A moderate-to-abundant amount of densely stained granular cytoplasm with round nuclei and indistinct nucleoli was seen. The cytological diagnosis was renal oncocytic neoplasm. CT and surgical resection revealed a firm tan mass in the right kidney. A final diagnosis of renal oncocytoma was made on the basis of histology, immunohistochemical staining profile (positive for cytokeratin, and negative for chromogranin A, neuron-specific enolase and vimentin) of neoplastic cells, together with the electronic microscopy results. Relevance and novel information We believe that this is the first report of the cytological features of feline renal oncocytoma.
Medial temporal pathways for contextual learning: Network c-fos mapping in rats with or without perirhinal cortex lesions
Authors: Kinnavane Lisa , Amin Eman , Olarte-Sánchez Cristian M. , Aggleton John P. 
Published: March 2017

Background: In the rat brain, context information is thought to engage network interactions between the postrhinal cortex, medial entorhinal cortex, and the hippocampus. In contrast, object information is thought to be more reliant on perirhinal cortex and lateral entorhinal cortex interactions with the hippocampus. Method: The ‘context network’ was explored by mapping expression of the immediate-early gene, c- fos, after exposure to a new spatial environment. Results: Structural equation modelling of Fos counts produced networks of good fit that closely matched prior predictions based on anatomically grounded functional models. These same models did not, however, fit the Fos data from home-cage controls nor did they fit the corresponding data from a previous study exploring object recognition. These additional analyses highlight the specificity of the context network. The home-cage controls, meanwhile, showed raised levels of inter-area Fos correlations between the many sites examined, that is, their changes in Fos levels lacked anatomical specificity. A total of two additional groups of rats received perirhinal cortex lesions. While the loss of perirhinal cortex reduced lateral entorhinal c- fos expression, it did not affect mean levels of hippocampal c- fos expression. Similarly, overall c- fos expression in the prelimbic cortex, retrosplenial cortex, and nucleus reuniens of the thalamus appeared unaffected by the perirhinal cortex lesions. Conclusion: The perirhinal cortex lesions disrupted network interactions involving the medial entorhinal cortex and the hippocampus, highlighting ways in which perirhinal cortex might affect specific aspects of context learning.
Crebbp loss cooperates with Bcl2 overexpression to promote lymphoma in mice
Authors: García-Ramírez Idoia , Tadros Saber , González-Herrero Inés , Martín-Lorenzo Alberto , Rodríguez-Hernández Guillermo , Moore Dalia , Ruiz-Roca Lucía , Blanco Oscar , Alonso-López Diego , Rivas Javier De Las , Hartert Keenan , Duval Romain , Klinkebiel David , Bast Martin , Vose Julie , Lunning Matthew , Fu Kai , Greiner Timothy , Rodrigues-Lima Fernando , Jiménez Rafael , Criado Francisco Javier García , Cenador María Begoña García , Brindle Paul , Vicente-Dueñas Carolina , Alizadeh Ash , Sánchez-García Isidro , Green Michael R. 
Published: March 2017

Key Points
Crebbp inactivation perturbs B-cell development, but cooperates with Bcl2 overexpression to promote lymphoma. Transcriptional and epigenetic signatures of Crebbp loss implicate Myc in disease etiology.
Human neutrophils mediate trogocytosis rather than phagocytosis of CLL B cells opsonized with anti-CD20 antibodies
Authors: Valgardsdottir Rut , Cattaneo Irene , Klein Christian , Introna Martino , Figliuzzi Marina , Golay Josée 
Published: March 2017

Key PointsHuman neutrophils mediate trogocytosis rather than phagocytosis of CD20-antibody–opsonized CLL B cells. Trogocytosis is induced more effectively by rituximab compared with obinutuzumab.
Mobilization of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell donors with intravenous plerixafor mobilizes a unique graft
Authors: Schroeder Mark A. , Rettig Michael P. , Lopez Sandra , Christ Stephanie , Fiala Mark , Eades William , Mir Fazia A. , Shao Jin , McFarland Kyle , Trinkaus Kathryn , Shannon William , Deych Elena , Yu Jinsheng , Vij Ravi , Stockerl-Goldstein Keith , Cashen Amanda F. , Uy Geoffrey L. , Abboud Camille N. , Westervelt Peter , DiPersio John F. 
Published: March 2017

Key Points
Plerixafor is a safe, effective, rapid mobilizing agent when administered intravenously. Lower rates of GVHD and CMV viremia with plerixafor-mobilized grafts may be related to a unique cellular composition of the graft.