bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Site- and frequency-specific enhancement of visual search performance with online individual alpha frequency (IAF) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the inferior frontal junction
Authors: Luber Bruce , Beynel Lysianne , Deng Zhi-De , Appelbaum Lawrence Gregory , Jones Tristan , Harrison Austin , Murphy David L K , Lo Eric , McKinley Richard A , Lisanby Sarah H 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this study, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation was applied to either the right inferior frontal junction or the right inferior parietal cortex during a difficult aerial reconnaissance search task to test its capacity to improve search performance. Two stimulation strategies previously found to enhance cognitive performance were tested: The first is called “addition by subtraction,” and the second condition utilizes a direct excitatory approach by applying brief trains of high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation immediately before task trials. In a within-subjects design, participants were given active or sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at either 1 Hz or at 1 Hz above their individual peak alpha frequency (IAF + 1, mean 11.5 Hz), delivered to either the right inferior frontal junction or the right inferior parietal cortex, both defined with individualized peak functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activation obtained during the visual search task. Results indicated that among the 13 participants who completed the protocol, only active IAF + 1 stimulation to inferior frontal junction resulted in significant speeding of reaction time compared to sham. This site- and frequency-specific enhancement of performance with IAF + 1 repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation applied immediately prior to task trials provides evidence for the involvement of inferior frontal junction in guiding difficult visual search, and more generally for the use of online repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation directed at specific functional networks to enhance visual search performance.
Tin oxides as a negative electrode material for Mg-Ion batteries
Authors: Yamamoto Keito , Kawai Takuya , Shimizu Masahiro 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
In this study, SnO as a negative electrode material for Mg-ion batteries exhibits a larger capacity of 540 mA h g−1 at the first cycle than that of pure Sn, despite the lower 88 wt.% Sn content. XRD patterns and XPS spectra reveal alloying/de-alloying, with Sn formed by the reduction during the first charging. The greater capacity is attributed to the shorter Mg diffusion length in the resulting fine Sn particles. The MgO matrix played a role in maintaining the high capacity for more than 10 cycles by diminishing the Sn agglomeration.
Clinical Decision-Making Suffers from Inequivalent Measurement Results and Inadequate Reference Intervals
Authors: van Schrojenstein Lantman Marith , van Berkel Miranda , Kuijper Philip , Langelaan Marloes , Brouwer Nannette , Thelen Marc 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Appropriate clinical decision-making relies on the interpretation of equivalent measurement results in the context of valid clinical decision limits. Besides guideline-based decision limits, reference intervals (RIs) are commonly used to discriminate between abnormal results and results from “healthy” individuals. This study evaluated the suitability of RIs in light of the analytical bias for laboratories in the Netherlands using one standardized, one harmonized, and one unharmonized measurand (creatinine, hemoglobin, and ferritin, respectively).

Methods
Three types of data were collected: (a) external quality assessment (EQA) performance data from the Dutch Foundation for Quality Assurance in Laboratory Medicine (SKML); (b) the RIs reported by laboratories for a 55-year-old female; and (c) harmonized RIs established by using unique routine patient results using RefineR. Routinely used RIs (b) were compared to the harmonized RIs (c) and evaluated in combination with the analytical bias at the lower and upper reference limits.

Results
Laboratories reported a variety of routinely used RIs that were inconsistent with the analytical bias, with differences between measurement procedures. The use of assays that perform within allowable bias limits does not automatically guarantee that the appropriate RI is used, allowing potential for structural misinterpretation of important diagnoses in patients.

Conclusions
The use of RIs that are inconsistent with the analytical bias causes unnecessary between-laboratory differences in clinical decision-making. Adopting harmonized RIs facilitates similar interpretation of results across facilities. Harmonized RIs can be adopted immediately if the observed bias is acceptable or eliminated, or after standardization/harmonization of measurands without complete metrological traceability.
Maximum fault-free enforcement in Petri nets using supervisory control
Authors: Zheng Juhong , Zhang Lei , Zhang Jingbo , Lv Meibo 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Fault diagnosis and maximum fault-free execution are essential for the development and operation of computer-integrated systems covering aircraft systems, power grid systems, production processes, etc. This paper focuses on the problem of fault diagnosis and maximum fault-free enforcement of systems modeled by labelled Petri nets. Given a system modeled by a labelled Petri net that may enter deadlocks, an extended basis reachability graph that contains sufficient information to characterize deadlocks is used to compress the state space and verify the diagnosability for the considered system. Furthermore, the proposed graph offers sufficient and necessary conditions for fault-free enforcement and deadlock-free enforcement. Finally, a lock-free event set and a supervisor are designed for a system such that any possible fault or dead behaviour is prohibited in the controlled system.
Mechanical circulatory support as bridge to recovery in an 8-year-old girl with tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy due to atypical atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia: a case report
Authors: Kahl Béatrice Susanne , Marx Manfred , Gass Matthias , Wiedemann Dominik , Michel-Behnke Ina 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Incessant tachycardias can severely impair cardiac function, which is known as tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). The cornerstone of successful therapy is heart rate control. Otherwise, heart failure requiring mechanical circulatory support (MCS) and ultimately heart transplantation may evolve. We report a case of successful weaning from MCS after severe TIC due to the very rarely incessant atypical atrioventricular nodal re-entrant tachycardia (aAVNRT) with subsequent successful radiofrequency ablation (RFA).

Case summary
An 8-year-old girl was transferred to our unit with severely impaired cardiac function and went into circulatory collapse, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Stabilization was possible only by MCS, first by venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, switched to long-term MCS (Berlin Heart EXCOR® Pediatric). However, pharmacological control of heart rate allowed myocardial recovery and finally the device was successfully explanted. As TIC was causative for the cardiomyopathy, the patient underwent invasive electrophysiological mapping and subsequent curative ablation of an aAVNRT.

Discussion
This case report describes technical considerations of both the special electrophysiological aspects of this rare tachycardia and the weaning protocol from a pulsatile ventricular assist device in a young child who finally recovered from TIC. Pharmacological heart rate control delayed curative RFA until explantation of the MCS.
Impact of antiresorptive agents on mortality risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: insights from a nationwide cohort study
Authors: Kim Kyoung Jin , Ahn Seong Hee , Park So Young , Choi Jimi , Bae Gi Hwan , Kim Ha-Young , Kim Kyoung Min ,   KSBMR Epidemiology Study Group, Kim Kyoung Min , Kim Tae-Young , Kim Kyoung Jin , Park Jung Wee , members Committee , Kim Ha-Young , Suh Hae Sun , Chung Hoejeong , Nho Jae-Hwi , Yoo Jun-Il , Jang Miso , Ahn Seong Hee , Park So Young , Lee Seunghyun , Lee Young-Kyun 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Importance
Osteoporosis-related fractures are associated with increased mortality risk among postmenopausal women, yet the impact of antiosteoporotic medications on mortality is not fully understood.

Objective
This study evaluates the effect of antiresorptive agents (ARs) on mortality risk in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Design
This is a nationwide cohort study using data from the National Screening Program for Transitional Ages (2008-2017).

Setting
Data were derived from a national cohort of postmenopausal women in South Korea.

Participants
This study included 117 871 postmenopausal women diagnosed with osteoporosis. Of them, 15 895 patients who used ARs, such as bisphosphonates or selective estrogen receptor modulators, for at least 1 year were matched 1:1 with nonusers using propensity scores.

Exposures
Exposure to ARs for at least 1 year was compared with no AR use.

Main Outcomes and Measure
Mortality outcomes were assessed using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression models, focusing on all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality, particularly cardiovascular disease (CVD) and injury-/fracture-related deaths.

Results
In AR users, there were 102 deaths (mortality rate 1.41 per 1000 person-years), compared with 221 deaths in non-users (mortality rate 3.14 per 1000 person-years), yielding a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.43 (95% CI, 0.34-0.54). Antiresorptive agent users showed a 52% reduction in CVD mortality risk (HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.34-0.69) and a 54% reduction in injury-/fracture-related mortality risk (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.27-0.76). The analysis indicated a consistent decrease in all-cause and CVD mortality risks with longer durations of AR use.

Conclusions and Relevance
The use of ARs in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis is associated with significantly lower risks of all-cause mortality, especially from cardiovascular events and fractures. The mortality reduction benefits appear to be enhanced with prolonged AR therapy, highlighting the potential importance of sustained treatment in this population.
Birth and household exposures are associated with changes to skin bacterial communities during infancy
Authors: Manus Melissa B , Savo Sardaro Maria Luisa , Dada Omolola , Davis Maya , Romoff Melissa R , Torello Stephanie G , Ubadigbo Esther , Wu Rebecca C , Dominguez-Bello Maria Gloria , Melby Melissa K , Miller Emily S , Amato Katherine R 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Microbial exposures during infancy shape the development of the microbiome, the collection of microbes living in and on the body, which in turn directs immune system training. Newborns acquire a substantial quantity of microbes during birth and throughout infancy via exposure to microbes in the physical and social environment. Alterations to early life microbial environments may give rise to mismatches, where environmental, cultural, and behavioral changes that outpace the body’s adaptive responses can lead to adverse health outcomes, particularly those related to microbiome development and immune system regulation.
This study explored the development of the skin microbiome among infants born in Chicago, USA. We collected skin swab microbiome samples from 22 mother-infant dyads during the first 48 hours of life and again at six weeks postpartum. Mothers provided information about social environments and hygiene behaviors that may impact infants’ microbial exposures. Analysis of 16S rRNA bacterial gene sequencing data revealed correlations between infant skin bacterial abundance shortly after birth and factors such as antibiotic exposure and receiving a bath in the hospital. The composition of the infant microbiome at six weeks of age was associated with interactions with caregivers and infant feeding practices. We also found shifts in maternal skin microbiomes that may reflect increased hygiene practices in the hospital. Our data suggest that factors related to the birth and household environment can impact the development of infant skin microbiomes and point to practices that may produce mismatches for the infant microbiome and immune system.
Accelerated Phenotypic Aging Associated With Hepatitis C Infection: Results From the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys 2015–2018
Authors: Tao Meng-Hua , Lin Chun-Hui , Lu Mei , Gordon Stuart C 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Background
Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with early onset of chronic diseases and increased risk of chronic disorders. Chronic viral infections have been linked to accelerated biological aging based on epigenetic clocks. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between HCV infection and clinical measures of biological aging among 8 306 adults participating in the 2015–2018 waves of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Methods
NHANES 2015–2018 participants aged 20 years and older who had complete data on clinical blood markers and HCV-related tests were included in the current study. We estimated biological age using 2 approaches including phenotypic age (PhenoAge) and allostatic load (AL) score based on 9 clinical biomarkers.

Results
After adjusting for demographic and other confounding factors, HCV antibody-positivity was associated with advanced PhenoAge (β = 2.43, 95% confidence interval: 1.51–3.35), compared with HCV antibody-negativity. Additionally, both active HCV infection (HCV RNA (+)) and resolved infection were associated with greater PhenoAge acceleration. The positive association with the AL score was not statistically significant. We did not observe any significant interactions of potential effect modifiers, including smoking and use of drug/needle injection, with HCV infection on measures of biological aging.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that HCV infection is independently associated with biological aging measured by phenotypic age in the U.S. general population. Further studies are warranted to confirm the findings.
Temporary Setback or Lasting Challenge? The Impact of Transient and Persistent Functional Disability on Later-Life Well-Being
Authors: Köhler Thibault , Vanhoutte Bram 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Although most people spend the last years of their life with health limitations, these do not arise at the same time point for everyone or have the same consequences for our well-being. The aim of this study is to investigate how well-being trajectories evolve after the onset of functional disability, comparing affective, cognitive, and eudemonic dimensions, while also assessing how they are influenced by temporary functional disability, distinguishing between persistent and transient cases.

Methods
We reordered longitudinal panel data from Waves 4 to 8 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, from more than 3,500 Europeans to align on the transition from no limitation to at least 1 limitation in activities of daily living. We used linear spline growth models separately for each of the 3 well-being measures used (EURO-D, CASP, life satisfaction) to examine trajectories.

Results
We observed a substantial decline in all 3 well-being measures at functional disability onset, with life satisfaction less affected (standardized mean differences = −0.11) than quality of life (−0.23) and depression (−0.27). Short-term disability on average led to a return to the initial well-being level within, whereas long-term disability led to a pronounced decline during the transition with much less adaptation.

Discussion
Our findings highlight the significant impact that functional disability can have on well-being, revealing distinct patterns across various dimensions. Persistent disability often marks a crucial stage in the well-being of older people, whereas transient cases are characterized by a subsequent return to previous levels of well-being.
Exploring the geospatial variations in the public health workforce: implications for diversifying the supply of potential workers in governmental settings
Authors: Onal Sezen O , Martin Skky , Weiss Nicole M , Leider Jonathon P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
The US public health workforce has markedly declined, falling from 500 000 individuals in 1980 to 239 000 by 2022, a trend exacerbated by economic instability and an aging demographic. There was a temporary surge in staffing through emergency hires during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the permanence of these positions remains uncertain. Concurrently, public health degree conferrals have sharply increased, creating a mismatch between the growing number of graduates and the actual needs of health departments. This study analyzes the distribution of the potential public health labor supply within a 50- and 150-mile radius of health departments, revealing a significant regional imbalance. Most regions experience substantial differences in the concentration of public health graduates when accounting for population size, reflecting geographic disparities in workforce distribution. These findings underscore the necessity for structured partnerships between health departments and educational institutions and advocacy for adaptive policy changes to align educational outputs with labor market demands, essential for a resilient public health workforce.
A roadmap for generating annual bycatch estimates from sparse at-sea observer data
Authors: Yin Yihao , Bowlby Heather D , Benoît Hugues P 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
To support ecosystem-based fisheries management, monitoring data from at-sea observer (ASO) programs should be leveraged to understand the impact of fisheries on discarded species (bycatch). Available techniques to estimate fishery-scale quantities from observations range from simple mean estimators to more complex spatiotemporal models, each making assumptions with differing degrees of support. However, the resulting implementation and analytical trade-offs are rarely discussed when applying these techniques in practice. Using blue shark (Prionace glauca) bycatch in the Canadian pelagic longline fishery as a case study, we evaluated the performance of seven contrasting approaches to estimating total annual discard amounts and assessed their trade-offs in application. Results demonstrated that simple approaches such as mean estimator and nearest neighbors are feasible to implement and can be as efficient for prediction as complex models such as random forest and mixed-effects models. The traditionally used catch-ratio estimator consistently underperformed among all tested models, likely due to misspecified correlative relationships between target and bycatch species. Overall, efforts in model-based approaches were rewarded with very small gains in predictive ability, suggesting that such models relying on environmental, biological, spatial, and/or temporal patterns to improve prediction of bycatch may lack sufficient foundation in data-limited contexts.
Assessing the value of harmful algal bloom forecasts in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Jin Di , Kourantidou Melina , Weir Michael J , Horstmann Isabella 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Over the past three decades, fisheries and livelihoods on the coasts of Washington and Oregon have been severely impacted by the presence of harmful algal blooms (HABs) that produce domoic acid, a neurotoxin that accumulates in shellfish and endangers public health. Among others, recreational razor clams and commercial Dungeness crab fisheries along the Pacific Northwest (PNW) have been negatively affected, jeopardizing the economies of coastal communities that depend on tourist revenues and income generated through visits of harvesters in the region. The PNW HAB Bulletin, launched in 2008, publishes forecasts on incoming HAB events, which has enabled managers to increase toxin monitoring in high-risk locations and proceed with selected harvesting at safe beaches and delays or closures of fishing seasons, as required. In light of the value of the HAB Bulletin to local managers and communities and the occasional challenges of securing sufficient resources to ensure its continuation, this study attempts to assess the value of information (VOI) for the predictions provided by the Bulletin. Results of the study show that ongoing financial support of the Bulletin is economically justifiable. The value of HAB forecast is positively related to three primary factors: the frequency of HAB events, the precision of forecast, and the number of social and economic sectors benefiting from the forecast. The expected increase in HAB frequency and intensity due to climate change, coupled with advancements in forecasting accuracy through technological development, is anticipated to enhance the value of the forecast program.
Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting: experience in 1500 patients
Authors: Claessens Jade , Packlé Loren , Oosterbos Hanne , Smeets Elke , Geens Jelena , Gielen Jens , Van Genechten Silke , Heuts Samuel , Maessen Jos G , Yilmaz Alaaddin 
Published: September 2024

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass grafting (TECAB) is a minimally invasive approach to achieve surgical revascularization through a minimally invasive approach. Still, data regarding non-robotic TECAB are limited. This report presents the results of a TECAB technique using long-shafted instruments, defined as Endo-CABG, from a single-centre experience in 1500 consecutive patients.

METHODS
One thousand and five hundred patients underwent Endo-CABG between January 2016 and February 2023. Data were collected retrospectively, and patients were followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome of this study was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)-free survival. Secondary efficacy outcomes were graft failure and mortality. Furthermore, we analysed factors influencing long-term freedom from MACCE and all-cause mortality.

RESULTS
The mean age was 68 [61–75] years, of which 193 (12.87%) were octogenarians. Multivessel disease was present in 1409 (93.93%) patients, and the mean EuroSCORE II was 1.64 [1.09–2.92] %. All patients underwent full arterial revascularization with bilateral internal mammary grafting in 88.47%. Graft failure occurred in 1.80% of cases after 1 year (n = 27). Thirty-day mortality was 1.73% (n = 26), 1-year survival was 94.7% (95% CI: 93.5–95.9%; n = 26) and 1-year MACCE-free survival was 91.7% (95% CI: 90.2–93.2%). Age, left ventricular ejection fraction, arterial hypertension and urgency were significantly associated with 1-year MACCE-free survival.

CONCLUSIONS
Endo-CABG appears to be a safe procedure, achieves surgical revascularization and provides good outcomes regarding graft failure and MACCE at 1 year, while age, left ventricular ejection fraction, arterial hypertension and urgency were associated with 1-year outcomes.