bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guidelines for the prescription of standard hematology and biochemistry clinical laboratory tests in the intensive care unit: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Devis Luigi L. , Catry Emilie , Hardy Michael , Mansour Alexandre , Honore Patrick M. , Lippi Giuseppe , Closset Mélanie , Mullier François 
Published: October 2024

Objective
This scoping review protocol describes the strategy for a scoping review that aims to provide a comprehensive overview of published guidelines for the prescription of standard laboratory tests performed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Background
The use of clinical laboratories is constantly increasing. However, there is evidence of inappropriate use. Inappropriate laboratory testing has the potential to harm patients, increase costs, burden staff, and has an environmental impact. Effective management can be achieved through demand managing strategies, such as providing guidelines on performing the appropriate test, for the right patient, at the right time. Although national and international guidelines exist for individual tests, a comprehensive summary of available recommendations for laboratory testing in the ICU is currently unavailable.

Inclusion criteria
This scoping review will incorporate documents that provide explicit advice on which test to perform in ICU patients. We selected 34 tests routinely ordered in the ICU. This review will consider any document type that matches our concept and context. We will consider gray literature with appropriate adherence to guidelines methodology. We will not limit the review by geographical location, but will only include articles published in English.

Search strategy
Our scoping review will follow the Joanna Brigg Institute (JBI) methodology. We will search Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Google. Our search strategy adheres to the JBI 3-step construction approach for systematic reviews. We will search for keywords related to guidelines, laboratory testing, and the 34 selected tests. We will report our study using the S1 Checklist.
Review registration number: osf.io/yfs9z.
Testing a nutrient composition threshold model to classify brands for marketing restrictions
Authors: Jordan Rachel , Garton Kelly , Mackay Sally 
Published: October 2024

Introduction
Food marketing restrictions often apply nutrient profile models (NPM) to distinguish unhealthy products that should not be advertised, however brand-only marketing remains largely unaddressed. We sought to test a threshold method for classifying packaged food, beverage, or fast-food brands as (non)permitted for marketing, based on the nutrient profile of their product-lines.

Methods
We retrieved nutrient information from the Nutritrack databases for all products sold by the top 51 packaged food, beverage and fast-food brands in New Zealand, selected by market share. All products under each brand were classified as permitted (or not) to be marketed to children, using the NPM for WHO Western Pacific. The 25%, 50%, 75% and 90% threshold of brands’ products permitted to market were compared. The 50% and 75% thresholds were compared to the WHO CLICK method, which is based on assessment of the brand’s leading product.

Results
The 90% threshold permitted 13% of the brands to be marketed to children. The 25% threshold permitted the marketing of 62% of brands. The 50% and 75% thresholds remained highly sensitive in identifying brands that should not be marketed to children. Comparison to the WHO CLICK method identified that a threshold method is more comprehensive and less arbitrary.

Conclusions
A threshold model based on product-line nutrient profiling provides a robust and option for brand classification. The 50% and 75% thresholds may be the most politically preferred options for use in regulation, while remaining highly effective.

Practitioner points

Brand marketing (e.g. sponsorship) remains largely unaddressed in existing restrictions on unhealthy food and beverage marketing to children.
An established Nutrient Profile Model can be applied to a brand’s entire product line, allowing calculation of the proportion of products that would not be permitted to be advertised to children.
Restricting brand marketing for food and beverage brands with less than 50% or 75% of their products classified as ’permitted to be marketed to children’ is a robust and evidence-based method that can be applied in regulation, with potential to mitigate industry challenges.
Arterial floating mural thrombi are a characteristic imaging pattern in SARS-CoV-2-related ischemic stroke
Authors: Pardo Keshet , Harnof Omer , Barnea Rani , Naftali Jonathan , Kenan Gilad , Auriel Eithan , Peretz Shlomi 
Published: October 2024

Background
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. We aimed to explore neurovascular imaging patterns in patients with SARS-CoV-2-related AIS.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed clinical and radiological data of patients hospitalized with AIS and a positive PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 prior to AIS onset. The control group comprised of AIS patients from a pre-COVID-19 pandemic period matched for gender and age.

Results
Thirty-five SARS-CoV-2-related stroke patients, and 35 controls were included. Fifty-seven percent of SARS-CoV-2 patients had either mild or asymptomatic disease. A distinctive imaging pattern of floating arterial mural thrombus was detected in 5 patients of the SARS-CoV-2 group. In 4 patients thrombus was attached to a stenotic atherosclerotic plaque in the proximal internal carotid artery. In the 5th patient a cardiac CTA showed multiple floating thrombi in the descending aorta. In the control group, floating thrombus was only detected in one patient. Treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy was associated with thrombus dissolution and good clinical outcome. Patients with floating thrombi had a longer time from SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis to stroke onset (mean 7.4 versus 3.4 days).

Conclusions
Floating arterial mural thrombi attached to atherosclerotic plaques are unique characteristic source of AIS in SARS-CoV-2 patients. They may lead to ischemic stroke in patients with mild or asymptomatic infection up to 1–2 weeks from SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. Patients with embolic AIS and SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis should perform high resolution cranio-cervical vascular imaging to evaluate floating thrombi as a potential embolic source.
HIV replication and tuberculosis risk among people living with HIV in Europe: A multicohort analysis, 1983–2015
Authors: Atkinson Andrew , Kraus David , Banholzer Nicolas , Miro Jose M. , Reiss Peter , Kirk Ole , Mussini Cristina , Morlat Philippe , Podlekareva Daria , Grant Alison D. , Sabin Caroline , van der Valk Marc , Le Moing Vincent , Meyer Laurence , Seng Remonie , Castagna Antonella , Obel Niels , Antoniadou Anastasia , Salmon Dominique , Zwahlen Marcel , Egger Matthias , de Wit Stephane , Furrer Hansjakob , Fenner Lukas ,   The Opportunistic Infections Project Working Group of the Collaboration of Observational HIV Epidemiological Research Europe (COHERE) in EuroCoord
Published: October 2024

Introduction
HIV replication leads to a change in lymphocyte phenotypes that impairs immune protection against opportunistic infections. We examined current HIV replication as an independent risk factor for tuberculosis (TB).

Methods
We included people living with HIV from 25 European cohorts 1983–2015. Individuals <16 years or with previous TB were excluded. Person-time was calculated from enrolment (baseline) to the date of TB diagnosis or last follow-up information. We used adjusted Poisson regression and general additive regression models.

Results
We included 272,548 people with a median follow-up of 5.9 years (interquartile range [IQR] 2.3–10.9). At baseline, the median CD4 cell count was 355 cells/μL (IQR 193–540) and the median HIV-RNA level 22,000 copies/mL (IQR 1,300–103,000). During 1,923,441 person-years of follow-up, 5,956 (2.2%) people developed TB. Overall, TB incidence was 3.1 per 1,000 person-years (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.02–3.18) and was four times higher in patients with HIV-RNA levels of 10,000 compared with levels <400 copies/mL in any CD4 stratum. CD4 and HIV-RNA time-updated analyses showed that the association between HIV-RNA and TB incidence was independent of CD4. The TB incidence rate ratio for people born in TB-endemic countries compared with those born in Europe was 1.8 (95% CI 1.5–2.2).

Conclusions
Our results indicate that ongoing HIV replication (suboptimal HIV control) is an important risk factor for TB, independent of CD4 count. Those at highest risk of TB are people from TB-endemic countries. Close monitoring and TB preventive therapy for people with suboptimal HIV control is important.
The Role of Medicinal Plants in Nigerian Traditional Medicine
Authors: Ajewole Stephen 
Published: October 2024

Abstract:
Medicinal plants have played a critical role in Nigerian traditional medicine for centuries, forming the backbone of healthcare in many rural areas. This article explores the historical context, cultural importance, and scientific evidence supporting the use of medicinal plants in Nigeria. A comprehensive review of key medicinal plants, their phytochemical properties, and therapeutic applications is presented. Challenges in integrating traditional medicine with modern healthcare systems are discussed, along with the potential for harnessing Nigeria's rich biodiversity for future drug discovery.
Alveolar distribution of nebulized solution in health and lung injury assessed by confocal microscopy
Authors: Ansari Zahra , Battikha John , Singh Charul , Perlman Carrie E. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractParenchymal distribution of nebulized drug in healthy and diseased lungs has not, as evident from a literature review, been well characterized. We use a vibrating mesh nebulizer to deliver fluorescein solution in vivo to healthy or intratracheal‐lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐instilled anesthetized rats in dorsal recumbency, or ex vivo to the lungs of LPS‐instilled rats. Following in vivo nebulization (healthy/LPS‐instilled), we quantify fluorescein intensity distribution by confocal microscopy in standard locations on the surface of freshly isolated lungs. Following LPS instillation (in vivo/ex vivo nebulization), we quantify fluorescein intensity in visibly injured locations. In standard locations, there is uniform, low‐intensity basal fluorescein deposition. Focal regions receive high deposition that is, in upper (cranial), middle, and lower (caudal) locations, 6.4 ± 4.9, 3.3 ± 3.0, and 2.3 ± 2.8 times greater, respectively, than average basal intensity. Following LPS instillation, deposition in moderately injured regions can be high or low; deposition in severely injured regions is low. Further, actively phagocytic cells are observed in healthy and LPS‐instilled lungs. And LPS particularly impairs mechanics and activates phagocytic cells in the male sex. We conclude that a low level of nebulized drug can be distributed across the parenchyma excepting to severely injured regions.
Eco-friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Phyllanthus niruri leaf extract: Assessment of antimicrobial activity, effectiveness on tropical neglected mosquito vector control, and biocompatibility using a fibroblast cell line model
Authors: Prabakaran K. , Baranitharan M. , Mathiyazhagan M. , Sumedha N. C. , Surya P. , Irrusappan H. , Sampath Shobana , Ahmed Mohammad Z. , Asaithambi Perumal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Mosquitoes are rapidly advancing as vectors of several severe diseases. The increasing resistance of mosquitoes and the environmental harm caused by insecticides pose significant challenges for eradicating mosquito vectors. In this study, 18 plant extracts were tested for larvicidal properties against Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, and Anopheles stephensi larvae. Phyllanthus niruri (Pn) showed enhanced larvicidal activity in both laboratory and field trials. The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Pn leaf methanol extract (Pn-LME) was confirmed by UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Among various concentrations, 3 mM AgNPs exhibited significant LC90 values of 0.83, 1.46, and 9.11 ppm compared to 9.25, 93.48, and 14.60 ppm of Pn-LME against A. stephensi, C. quinquefasciatus, and A. aegypti, respectively. This indicates the high mortality of mosquito vectors at low AgNP concentrations. Additionally, Pn-AgNPs showed enhanced antibacterial activity and no cytotoxicity in normal fibroblast cells (L929). Field trials demonstrated a 98.70% decrease in mosquito larval density at A. stephensi breeding sites, a 96.55% reduction at C. quinquefasciatus sites, and a 97.85% reduction at Ae. aegypti sites. This study presents an eco-friendly and cost-effective AgNP bio-pesticide synthesized from Pn leaves for controlling and preventing the transmission of filarial, dengue, and malaria vectors.
Analysis of the magnetohydrodynamic effects on non-Newtonian fluid flow in an inclined non-uniform channel under long-wavelength, low-Reynolds number conditions
Authors: Gudekote Manjunatha , Choudhari Rajashekhar , Sanil Prathiksha , Vaidya Hanumesh , Tripathi Dharmendra , Prasad Kerehalli Vinayaka , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study utilises mathematical modelling and computations to analyse the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effects on non-Newtonian Eyring–Powell fluid flow in an inclined non-uniform channel under long-wavelength, low Reynolds number conditions. The governing equations are solved by applying slip boundary conditions to determine the velocity, temperature, concentration, and streamline profiles. The key findings show that the magnetic parameter dampens the flow rate. The relationship between the variable viscosity, velocity, and temperature is nonlinear. The wall rigidity parameter and axial velocity are directly proportional until a threshold. Increasing inclination angles distorts streamlines. The magnetic field alters concentration contours and thermal transport. MATLAB parametric analysis explores MHD effects. This study enhances the understanding of inclined channel fluid dynamics, offering insights into variable viscosity, magnetic fields, wall properties, and impacts of inclination angles on non-Newtonian flow characteristics. This knowledge can optimise industrial MHD conduit/channel transport applications.
Research on the role of multi-sensor system information fusion in improving hardware control accuracy of intelligent system
Authors: Li Xin , Li Yuesong 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Multi-sensor management and control technology generally constructs a reasonable objective function to solve the optimal control command set to control a limited number of sensors to obtain higher quality measurement information, thus obtaining better target tracking performance. In the process of multi-sensor information fusion, there is not only the problem of information redundancy but also obvious time delay. A sensor fusion algorithm combined with global optimization algorithm is innovatively proposed. According to the key frames saved in the previous steps, feature points in local maps, sensor information, and loop information, a global optimization algorithm based on graph optimization model is constructed to optimize the position and pose of intelligent hardware system and the position of spatial feature points. Moreover, this work studies and experiments on multi-sensor fusion simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) comprehensively and systematically, and the experimental results show that the algorithm proposed in this work is superior to common open-source SLAM algorithm in positioning accuracy and mapping effect under special circumstances. Therefore, the method proposed in this work can be applied to intelligent driving of vehicles, vision-assisted movement of robots and intelligent control of unmanned aerial vehicles, thus effectively improving the hardware control accuracy of intelligent systems.
Plant-mediated synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of a copper oxide/silicon dioxide nanocomposite by an antimicrobial study
Authors: Dwivedi Poonam , Samdani Mohammad Shahzad , Khan Azhar U. , Jatrana Indu , Bansod Sudhakar , Min Kim , Hejaz Azmi Syed Najmul , Alam Mahboob 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This study presents an innovative, environmentally friendly method for biosynthesizing copper oxide–silica (Cu2O/SiO2) nanocomposites (CSNCs) utilizing an aqueous leaf extract of Callistemon viminalis (C. viminalis). The goal of this work is to fabricate CSNCs using a less hazardous and sustainable synthesis approach. Copper acetate and sodium metasilicate were used as precursors, whereas the C. viminalis green leaf extract was used as the reducing and stabilizing agent. Analysis of the plant extract using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated the presence of polyphenolic compounds, primarily phenolic acids, which functioned as both reducing and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of CSNCs. A combination of energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy was used to study the formation of spherical copper–silica hybrid nanostructures. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the successful integration of silica with copper(i) oxide (Cu2O) through the presence of distinct Cu2O peaks and a broad amorphous SiO2 peak at 2θ = 22.77°. The thermal stability of the nanocomposites (NCs) was assessed using thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis under a nitrogen atmosphere. The biogenic NCs also successfully inhibited pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Candida albicans (C. albicans); however, S. aureus was found to be more susceptible to the biocidal activity of the NCs than P. aeruginosa. These findings suggest that this simple, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method for producing biologically active hybrid nanomaterials holds significant promise for future applications in both biological and materials sciences.
Incorporating geranium plant waste into ultra-high performance concrete prepared with crumb rubber as fine aggregate in the presence of polypropylene fibers
Authors: AlAteah Ali H. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This research examines the efficiency of ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) when utilizing geranium plant (GP) ash, which is subjected to different curing temperatures ranging from 300 to 900°C for 3 h of burning time. The GP ash is used as a replacement for cement in varying amounts (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt%). Crumb rubber powder is utilized as a substitute for fine aggregate. Polypropylene fibers have been used to improve concrete performance. The performance of UHPC is evaluated by assessing its mechanical qualities, such as flexural strength, splitting tensile strength, and compressive strength. The sorptivity test is also evaluated as a component of it. Scanning electron microscopy is used to analyze UHPC after exposure to temperatures as high as 900°C. The findings demonstrated a notable enhancement in the mechanical characteristics of all mixtures. The most favorable mixtures were achieved with proportions of 50, 40, 40, and 20% for mixtures including GP waste incinerated at temperatures ranging from 300 to 900°C. Furthermore, the optimal outcome is achieved when 40% substitution is performed at a temperature of 700°C, resulting in notable enhancements of 14% in compressive strength, 30% in flexural strength, and 17% splitting tensile strength, respectively. At a high temperature of 700°C, the decrease in strength increased to approximately 37–40% as a result of the initial removal of carbon dioxide from calcite at temperatures ranging from 600 to 900°C and reached 56% at 900°C. Great resistance to sorptivity, as well as a dense and compact microstructure with a high content of calcium and silicon, was obtained.
ХІМІЧНА ПРОМИСЛОВІСТЬ ПІД ВПЛИВОМ ВОЄННИХ ТА ЄВРОІНТЕГРАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ
Authors: ДЕЙНЕКО Людмила , ШЕЛУДЬКО Елла , ЗАВГОРОДНЯ Марія , ЗАРУДНА Oльга 
Published: October 2024

Висвітлено тенденції і загрози, що впливають на розвиток галузі з огляду на сучасні виклики, пов’язані, передусім, з військовою агресією РФ проти України. Ураження підприємств, воєнна міграція населення і логістичні розриви суттєво уповільнили процес адаптації виробництв до нових умов функціонування, значно знизили обсяги експортних поставок і звузили асортимент хімічного експорту, посилили імпортозалежність, ускладнили процес імпортозаміщення через зростання обсягів конкуруючого імпорту, дефіцит кваліфікованих кадрів, скорочення інвестиційного забезпечення потреб галузі.
Перспективи розвитку галузі пов’язані з активізацією інноваційного розвитку підприємств крізь призму реалізації інвестиційних проєктів у сфері глибокої переробки різних видів сировини, впровадження нових технологій, використання інструментів державно-приватного партнерства. Досліджено можливості відновлення окремих хімічних секторів на основі реалізації інвестиційних проєктів, що стимулюють імпортозаміщення в галузі.
Вирішення завдань відновлення і створення нових можливостей для промислового бізнесу потребує врахування європейського досвіду щодо підвищення технологічності та інноваційності хімічного виробництва. Розкрито обмеження й особливості трансформації європейської хімічної промисловості, висвітлено низку ініціатив, що запроваджуються в Україні в частині адаптації європейського досвіду до завдань повоєнного відновлення галузі. Повоєнне відновлення хімічної промисловості передбачатиме формування концептуального бачення економічної стійкості галузі, що поєднує: здатність протистояти зовнішнім чинникам, знижувати вразливість і підтримувати спроможність економіки відновлюватися, передусім, на нових технологічних засадах. Запропоновано заходи з відновлювального розвитку хімічної промисловості в процесі подолання наслідків війни, забезпечення стійкості галузі та її підтримки в реалізації інвестиційних проєктів стратегічного значення; обґрунтовано інструменти підтримки виробництв імпортозамінної продукції.