bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Expression of embryonic stem cell markers in keloid-associated lymphoid tissue
Authors: Grant Chelsea , Chudakova Daria A , Itinteang Tinte , Chibnall Alice M , Brasch Helen D , Davis Paul F , Tan Swee T 
Published: March 2016

AimsTo identify, characterise and localise the population of primitive cells in keloid scars (KS).Methods5-µm-thick formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of KS samples from 10 patients underwent immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for the embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers OCT4, SOX2, pSTAT3 and NANOG, and keloid-associated lymphoid tissue (KALT) markers CD4 and CD20. NanoString gene expression analysis and in situ hybridisation (ISH) were used to determine the abundance and localisation of the mRNA for these ESC markers.ResultsIHC staining revealed the expression of the ESC markers OCT4, SOX2, pSTAT3 and NANOG by a population of cells within KS tissue. These are localised to the endothelium of the microvessels within the KALTs. NanoString gene expression analysis confirmed the abundance of the transcriptional expression of the same ESC markers. ISH localised the expression of the ESC transcripts to the primitive endothelium in KS tissue.ConclusionsThis report demonstrates the expression of ESC markers OCT4, SOX2, pSTAT3 and NANOG by the endothelium of the microvessels within the KALTs. These findings show a unique niche of primitive cells within KS, expressing ESC markers, revealing a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of KS.
The day we started HPV triage
Authors: Deen Suha , Vreynhoef Sue , Gandhi Nirav , Juliana Anita , Nunns David , O'Neill David 
Published: March 2016

AimsFollowing the introduction of the triage test in cervical screening, which was designed to identify a subgroup who were at risk of underlying high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), there has been a significant change in the number and profile of cervical biopsies. In this study, analysis of the progressive change in diagnostic categories has been performed to identify the impact of the triage test on the service.MethodsCases referred for colposcopy, with corresponding subsequent tissue diagnoses, were identified by electronic search of the histopathology accession database using suitable coding terms for the period between October and April of four consecutive years. A likelihood ratio test was devised to assess the significance of the observed progressive increase in total numbers of cervical biopsies.ResultsAs anticipated from the pilot studies, implementation of the new guidelines led to a significant increase in the number of women referred for colposcopy. However, the annual increase was greater than expected. During this period, there was a change in the profile of histological diagnoses, characterised by: conspicuous rise in the number of cervical biopsies reported as ‘human papillomavirus change only’ or ‘CIN1’ (21–29% and 12–21%, of the total cervical biopsies, respectively); fall in mean CIN scores.ConclusionsThe change in guidelines has led to an increase in patients referred for colposcopy; in turn this has led to an increase in number of specimens (particularly those with lower grades of dysplasia) submitted for histological assessment. This change of workload profile has implications for resourcing services for colposcopy and histopathology.
DRIFT spectroscopy combined with sodium hypochlorite oxidation reveals different organic matter characteristics in density-size fractions of organically managed soils
Authors: Aoyama Masakazu 
Published: March 2016

The objective of this study was to characterize the organic matter (OM) in density-size fractions of soil samples from a commercial organic farm using diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy. The soil samples were separated by density fractionation with a sodium iodide (Nal) solution (1.6 g cm–3) into free particulate OM (fPOM), occluded particulate OM (oPOM), heavy particulate OM (hPOM), and mineral-associated OM (MAOM) fractions. The OM characterization by DRIFT spectroscopy was the difference in spectra obtained before and after sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) oxidation. However, the infrared absorption bands derived from the soil mineral matrix interfered with the detection of the absorption bands of polysaccharides. An increase in the amount of organic C under organic management was observed for all the density-size fractions, but the functional group composition of the NaClO-oxidizable OM differed among the fractions. The NaClO-oxidizable OM in the fPOM fraction was characterized by a high lignin content, whereas the oPOM fraction had high amounts of aliphatic compounds and lignin. The hPOM fraction contained less lignin and more proteinous materials, and the MAOM fraction was rich in proteinous materials. This study demonstrates that DRIFT spectroscopy combined with NaClO oxidation is a powerful tool for characterizing the relatively unstable OM in soils.
3D geometry and kinematic evolution of extensional fault-related folds, NW Red Sea, Egypt
Authors: Khalil Samir M. , McClay Ken R. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Fault-related folds are common structural features found at a variety of scales in extensional settings, and have been recognized in both outcrop and subsurface studies. However, the detailed geometry and origin of complex 3D folds adjacent to normal faults are poorly known, and, in some cases, are interpreted to be due to strike-slip tectonics and post-rift contraction. Here we examine the 3D geometry of seismic-scale folds in a rift margin – the Red Sea – and discuss the interrelationship between the growth of normal faults and the development of their related folds. Detailed field mapping of the NW Red Sea rift system has shown that the rift margin is dominated by two large extensional fault systems formed by a series of linked NNW-, north–south- and NNE-striking fault segments. These linked segments exhibit distinct zigzag fault patterns and combine to form a number of NNW-trending faults that dip NE with dominant hanging-wall stratal dips to the SW. Hanging-wall stratal dips define 3D extensional fault-related synclinal folds in pre- and early synrift strata. The hanging-wall synclines are kilometre-scale, gently doubly plunging, with curved axial surface traces orientated sub-parallel to the bounding faults. Field data demonstrated that these folds are formed by along-strike variations in fault displacements, and they form transverse synclines combined with hanging-wall extensional fault-propagation folds. The complex 3D geometry of the hanging-wall synclines is the result of the along-strike segment linkage. Adjacent to the bounding faults, the stratal dips are sub-parallel to the faults as a result of extensional fault-propagation folding controlled by highly anisotropic pre-rift strata. Palaeo-strain analyses of fault-slip data, together with analysis of the fold geometry, clearly indicate that the faulting and folding in the NW Red Sea are formed by pure NE–SW extension during the Late Oligocene–Miocene rifting, and that contraction or strike-slip tectonics need not be invoked.
A Profile of Patients on ASA or NSAIDs Hospitalized with Gastrointestinal Perforations
Authors: Bailey James D , Bailey Robert J , Fedorak Richard N 
Published: March 2016

BACKGROUND: In a recent clinical trial gastrointestinal tract perforations in patients on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were found to occur with a frequency of 0.15%, and possibly to be reduced in patients concomitantly using the cytoprotective agent misoprostol.OBJECTIVE: To characterize patients with gastrointestinal perforations admitted to the two major referral teaching hospitals in Edmonton, Alberta between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1993.METHODS: A computerized search program was used to select patient charts containing preselected International Classification of Diseases (ICD) 9-CM codes, and patients were organized into four study groups based upon drug use: those taking NSAIDs, those taking acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), those taking both NSAIDs and ASA, and those taking neither NSAIDs nor ASA.RESULTS: The following significant characteristics were identified in the 428 patients admitted with perforations: only a minority (29%) were taking either NSAIDs or ASA; NSAID users were likely to be female, while those using neither NSAID nor ASA were more likely to be male; females were older than males; patients taking NSAIDs, ASA or both were more often asymptomatic at presentation compared with those not using these drugs; and upper gastrointestinal tract perforations were more likely to occur in the duodenum than in the stomach, while lower gastrointestinal tract perforations were more likely to occur in the colon than in the small intestine.CONCLUSIONS: This retrospective descriptive study outlines the profile of a patient presenting to a referral hospital with a gastrointestinal perforation. Furthermore, it suggests that NSAID and/or ASA use significantly alters this profile compared with that in patients using neither NSAIDs nor ASA.
Markers of Vitamin D Exposure and Esophageal Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Zgaga Lina , O'Sullivan Fiona , Cantwell Marie M. , Murray Liam J. , Thota Prashanthi N. , Coleman Helen G. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractVitamin D has been associated with reduced risk of many cancers, but evidence for esophageal cancer is mixed. To clarify the role of vitamin D, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the association of vitamin D exposures and esophageal neoplasia, including adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), Barrett's esophagus, and squamous dysplasia. Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched from inception to September 2015. Fifteen publications in relation to circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D; n = 3], vitamin D intake (n = 4), UVB exposure (n = 1), and genetic factors (n = 7) were retrieved. Higher [25(OH)D] was associated with increased risk of cancer [adenocarcinoma or SCC, OR = 1.39; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04–1.74], with the majority of participants coming from China. No association was observed between vitamin D intake and risk of cancer overall (OR, 1.03; 0.65–1.42); however, a nonsignificantly increased risk for adenocarcinoma (OR, 1.45; 0.65–2.24) and nonsignificantly decreased risk for SCC (OR, 0.80; 0.48–1.12) were observed. One study reported a decreased risk of adenocarcinoma with higher UVB exposure. A decreased risk was found for VDR haplotype rs2238135(G)/rs1989969(T) carriers (OR, 0.45; 0.00–0.91), and a suggestive association was observed for rs2107301. In conclusion, no consistent associations were observed between vitamin D exposures and occurrence of esophageal lesions. Further adequately powered, well-designed studies are needed before conclusions can be made. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(6); 877–86. ©2016 AACR.
Role of Telomeres and Telomerase in Aging and Cancer
Authors: Shay Jerry W. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Telomeres progressively shorten throughout life. A hallmark of advanced malignancies is the ability for continuous cell divisions that almost universally correlates with the stabilization of telomere length by the reactivation of telomerase. The repression of telomerase and shorter telomeres in humans may have evolved, in part, as an anticancer protection mechanism. Although there is still much we do not understand about the regulation of telomerase, it remains a very attractive and novel target for cancer therapeutics. This review focuses on the current state of advances in the telomerase area, identifies outstanding questions, and addresses areas and methods that need refinement.
Significance: Despite many recent advances, telomerase remains a challenging target for cancer therapy. There are few telomerase-directed therapies, and many of the assays used to measure telomeres and telomerase have serious limitations. This review provides an overview of the current state of the field and how recent advances could affect future research and treatment approaches. Cancer Discov; 6(6); 584–93. ©2016 AACR.
Design of Quadcopter Robot as a Disaster Environment Remote Monitor
Authors: Sudarma Made , Swamardika I.B. Alit , Mas Pratama Adinata 
Published: March 2016

As technology development increase, human more use robot technology to help in many fields. One of robot technology advances is the flying robot Quadcopter. The quadcopter robot is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle or UAV that consists of four propellers and four brushless motors that function as actuator. Quadcopter was designed by using KK Board V 2.0 Flight Controller which is a series of motor rotation controller and all at once has Accelerometer censor as acceleration censor and Gyroscop censor as a balance or stability censor. The robot controlling is by using remote control (RC), and GoPro HD Hero2 camera was installed to monitor the condition of the environment. Result of testing is that the quadcopter has maximum load for 4.4 kg and maximum range distance of RC is 100 meters without any barrier and 50 meters with barrier. In the testing, robot can fly with maximum height for 30 meters from land surface. The robot is equipped with camera, so the quadcopter flying robot can be used to monitor any places that are hard to reach.
Insights on Extent of Effectiveness, Trend, and Gap in Existing Frameworks for e-Procurement System
Authors: Madhusudan N , Rao L. Manjunatha 
Published: March 2016

With the advancement of technologies, the organization and business applications are witnessed with the increasing trends to adopt cut edge technologies to normalize their business process. However, this trend was not observed much on the e-Procurement system, where the existing users still place the purchase order using conventional web-based approach that cannot address various ongoing challenges in eProcurement system. This paper attempts to review the existing trends and challenges of web-based eProcurement system and discusses that with the adoption of cloud computing as present trend, such ongoing issues of eProcurement can be addressed. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the existing techniques with interpretation of research gap.
Comparison of dual antiplatelet therapy prescribed as one-pill versus two-pill regimen
Authors: Lim Woo-Hyun , Chae In-Ho , Yoon Chang-Hwan , Choi Dong-Ju , Lim Sang , Park Woo , Doh Joon-Hyung , Kim Sang-Hyun , Kim Myung-A. , Lee Seung-Hwan , Yoon Jung , Ahn Young , Hyon Min-Su , Kim Ki , Kim Young , Lee Han , Seol Sang-Hoon , Hwang Kyung-Kuk , Choi Si-Wan , Han Kyoo-Rok , Shin Eun-Seok , Kim Sang-Wook , Lee Byoung , Kim Hyo-Soo 
Published: March 2016

SummaryFixed-dose combination (FDC) drugs can simplify the medication regimen and potentially improve adherence. However, evidence is lacking about the efficacy and safety of FDC drugs of clopidogrel plus aspirin. Individual data from the three independent MR-CAPCIS trials were pooled and analysed. In those trials, subjects who had been treated with either dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) or aspirin alone after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation were randomly assigned to one-pill or to two-pill DAPT group. Platelet reactivity was measured with VerifyNow-P2Y12 and aspirin point-of-care assays at baseline and eight weeks after treatment. In the present study, primary efficacy endpoint was changes in platelet reactivity unit (PRU) between baseline and eight weeks. A total of 965 subjects were analysed. In prior clopidogrel and aspirin users, PRU was well maintained regardless of switching to either one-pill or two-pill DAPT (ΔPRU=0.4 vs 0.0, p=0.939). In prior aspirin users, PRU was decreased by 73.7 in one-pill DAPT and 77.5 in two-pill DAPT group, with no differences between them (p=0.499). The incidence of high on-treatment platelet reactivity at eight weeks, defined as PRU≥235 in Western people, was 34.8 % in one-pill DAPT group and 37.6 % in two-pill DAPT group (p=0.380), and that defined as PRU ≥275 in Oriental people was 17.7 vs 21.7 % (p=0.129). Independent predictors of high platelet reactivity on clopidogrel were female gender, increasing age, and diabetes. Study drugs were well tolerated. In conclusion, FDC one-pill DAPT showed similar efficacy to two-pill DAPT in terms of platelet reactivity in patients receiving DES in Korea.
Arrhythmogenicity of Anti-Ro/SSA Antibodies in Patients With Torsades de Pointes
Authors: Lazzerini Pietro Enea , Yue Yuankun , Srivastava Ujala , Fabris Frank , Capecchi Pier Leopoldo , Bertolozzi Iacopo , Bacarelli Maria Romana , Morozzi Gabriella , Acampa Maurizio , Natale Mariarita , El-Sherif Nabil , Galeazzi Mauro , Laghi-Pasini Franco , Boutjdir Mohamed 
Published: March 2016

Background—

In patients with autoimmune disease, anti-Ro/SSA antibodies (anti-Ro/SSA) are responsible for a novel autoimmune-associated long-QT syndrome by targeting the hERG potassium channel and inhibiting the related current (
I
Kr
). Because anti-Ro/SSA are also present in a significant proportion of healthy subjects and may be associated with torsades de pointes (TdP) arrhythmia, we tested the hypothesis that anti-Ro/SSA may represent a silent risk factor in patients developing TdP.

Methods and Results—

Twenty-five consecutive patients who experienced TdP were prospectively collected independent of ongoing therapies and concomitant diseases. Anti-Ro/SSA were detected by fluoroenzyme immunoassay, immuno–Western blotting, and line-blot immunoassay. Purified IgGs from anti-Ro/SSA-positive and anti-Ro/SSA-negative patients were tested on
I
Kr
using HEK293 cells stably expressing the hERG channel. As expected, in TdP patients, many known corrected QT interval–prolonging risk factors were simultaneously present, including hypokalemia that was the most common (52%). Anti-Ro/SSA were present in 60% of the subjects, mostly the anti-Ro/SSA-52-kD subtype detected by immuno–Western blotting only. A history of autoimmune disease was found in only 2 of anti-Ro/SSA-positive patients. Experimental data demonstrated that purified anti-Ro/SSA-positive IgGs significantly inhibited
I
Kr
and cross reacted with hERG-channel proteins. Moreover, anti-Ro/SSA-positive sera exhibited high reactivity with a peptide corresponding to the hERG-channel pore-forming region.

Conclusions—
Anti-Ro/SSA may represent a clinically silent novel risk factor for TdP development via an autoimmune-mediated electrophysiological interference with the hERG channel. We propose that TdP patients may benefit from specific anti-Ro/SSA testing even in the absence of autoimmune diseases as immunomodulating therapies may be effective in shortening corrected QT interval and reducing TdP recurrence risk.
Anterolateral Drawer Versus Anterior Drawer Test for Ankle Instability
Authors: Miller Adam G. , Myers Stuart H. , Parks Brent G. , Guyton Gregory P. 
Published: March 2016

Background: The addition of unconstrained internal rotation to the physical examination could allow for detection of more subtle degrees of ankle instability. We hypothesized that a simulated anterolateral drawer test allowing unconstrained internal rotation of the ankle would provoke greater displacement of the lateral talus in the mortise versus the anterior drawer test. Methods: Ten cadaveric lower extremities were tested in a custom apparatus designed to reproduce the anterior drawer test and the anterolateral drawer test, in which the ankle was allowed to internally rotate about the intact deep deltoid ligament while being subluxed anteriorly. Specimens were tested intact and with anterior tibiofibular ligament sectioned. A differential variable reluctance transducer was used to measure lateral talar displacement with anterior forces of 25 and 50 N. Results: No significant differences in talar displacement or ankle rotation were noted in intact specimens between the groups. Among sectioned specimens, significantly more talar displacement (25 N [6.5 ± 1.7 mm vs 3.8 ± 2.4 mm] and 50 N [8.7 ± 0.9 mm vs 4.5 ± 2.5 mm], P < .001) and ankle rotation (25 N [13.9 ± 8.0 degrees vs 0.0 ± 0.0 degrees] and 50 N [23.7 ± 5.8 degrees vs 0.0 ± 0.0 degrees], P < .001) were found in the anterolateral drawer versus anterior drawer group. Conclusion: In an ankle instability model, the anterolateral drawer test provoked almost twice the lateral talus displacement found with the anterior drawer test. Clinical Relevance: Allowing internal rotation of the ankle while testing for ankle instability may allow the examiner to detect more subtle degrees of ankle instability.
Clinical and bioimaging results following osteochondral lesion repair using MaioRegen® allograft
Authors: Kaipel Martin , Trattning Siegfried , Domayer Stefan , Windhager Reinhard , Brix Martin 
Published: March 2016

Aims and Objectives: Surgical repair of osteochondral lesions ranging from 2 or more cm2 still is a clinical challenge. Using MaioRegen® a biocomposite allograft consisting of magnesium hydroxyapatite and equine collagen could be a promising treatment option. Materials and Methods: 8 consecutive patients suffering from a single osteochondral lesion (2-4cm2) within the femoral condyles were prospectively enrolled. In all patients defects were filled up using MaioRegen ® via arthroscopic guided mini open arthrotomy. Clinical outcome was assessed using multiple scoring systems (IKDC/ICRS, Lysholm). Morphological as well as biochemical characteristics of the cartilage - implant surface were studied by MRI incorporating special sequences for ultra-structure research of cartilage(T2 mapping). Results: Clinical scores significantly increased at 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post surgery compared to baseline. MRI morphology as well as bioimaging sequences showed variable results concerning successful integration of the implant surface into adjacent cartilage layers. Conclusion: One step surgical repair of osteochondral lesions using MaioRegen allografts provides encouraging short term clinical results. MRI based imaging results need further clarification by mid term studies.
First Results in new technique of Arthrosc. Button-to-Button repair of PCL avulsion injuries
Authors: Thiele Joern , Woelfl Christoph , von Recum Jan 
Published: March 2016

Aims and Objectives: The goal of the study was to describe the short time results of our new surgical technique of arthroscopic Button-to-Button fixation for acute tibial posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) avulsion fractures. Concerning clinical and radiographic outcomes, and complication rates. Materials and Methods: This prospective study includes patients with an acute tibial avulsion fracture of the PCL. The reduction and fixation was performed all arthroscopic, reduction and suture fixation by Tight Rope ABS and 2 ABS Buttons (Fa. Arthrex). Indication for image-proven displaced tibial PCL avulsion fractures with posterior knee instability of grade II or higher. The mean follow-up period was 6 months. Follow-up assessment included clinical assessment, functional scores, and radiographic evaluation. Results: First Results showed that Patients had better range of motion compared to Patients with an open technique. The postoperative physiotherapy was not limited by the dorsal approach. We have seen no leck of extension after 6 months due to all arthroscopic technique. All fractures achieved union. We have seen no procedure connected complications like wound infections, Button dislocations or nonunions. Conclusion: Treatment of tibial PCL avulsion fractures by all arthroscopic Button-to-Button fixation seems to be a successful technique. The benefit with an stable fixation without a dorsal approach helps the postoperative treatment and avoids soft tissue problems , especially limitations of the extension due to Arthrofibrosis and dorsal scar formation. Intermediate and long term results have to prove the clinical results.