bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partial Reparametrization of the BKW Equation of State for DNAN‐Based Melt‐Cast Explosives
Authors: Li Dongwei , Zhou Lin , Zhang Xiangrong 
Published: February 2017

AbstractDNAN‐based melt‐cast explosives are a type of new, insensitive munitions (IM) explosives. Quickly determining munitions’ explosive properties is extremely important during the formulation design stage. The aim of this study was to partially reparameterize BKW‐EOS (only β and κ were reparameterized on the basis of the parameters (α, β, κ, and θ) of classical BKW‐RDX set and BKW‐TNT set) to more accurately predict the properties of DNAN‐based melt‐cast explosives. A new set of parameters β and κ was obtained (β=0.19, κ=9.81) according to measured detonation velocity and detonation pressure for ideal DNAN‐based melt‐cast formulations (DNAN/RDX and DNAN/HMX). For non‐ideal DNAN‐based melt‐cast formulations (DNAN/RDX/Al and DNAN/HMX/Al), aluminum oxidation degree was first determined according to the measured detonation heat; then, another new set of parameters β and κ was obtained in the same way as the ideal formulations (β=0.24, κ=8.5). The predicted detonation properties with BKW reparametrization for DNAN‐based melt‐cast explosives agreed with the measured data.
Introducing Novel Tetrazole Derivatives as High Performance Energetic Compounds for Confined Explosion and as Oxidizer in Solid Propellants
Authors: Keshavarz Mohammad Hossein , Abadi Yasin Hayat , Esmaeilpour Karim , Damiri Sajjad , Oftadeh Mohsen 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThis paper introduces five novel high‐nitrogen content (N>50%) tetrazole derivatives with desirable physicothermal properties, high detonation and combustion performance as well as suitable sensitivities with respect to external stimuli electric spark and heat. Suitable density functional theory (DFT) and empirical methods were used to predict their crystal density, melting point, condensed phase heat of formation, enthalpy of fusion, Gibbs free energy of formation, velocity of detonation, detonation pressure, Gurney velocity, heat of detonation, power (strength), brisance, impact sensitivity, electric spark sensitivity, heat sensitivity and specific impulse. Two compounds 5,5′‐[(1Z,5Z)‐3,4‐dinitrohexaaza‐1,5‐diene‐1,6‐diyl]bis(1‐nitro‐1H‐tetrazole) and 3,3′,7,7′‐tetranitro‐3,3a,3′,3′a‐tetrahydro‐7H,7′H‐6,6′‐bitetrazolo[1,5‐e]pentazine as compared to the other new derivatives can be introduced as high performance explosives for confined explosion and oxidizers in solid propellants.
Structural and biochemical characterization of the nucleoside hydrolase from C. elegans reveals the role of two active site cysteine residues in catalysis
Authors: Singh Ranjan Kumar , Steyaert Jan , Versées Wim 
Published: February 2017

AbstractNucleoside hydrolases (NHs) catalyze the hydrolysis of the N‐glycoside bond in ribonucleosides and are found in all three domains of life. Although in parasitic protozoa a role in purine salvage has been well established, their precise function in bacteria and higher eukaryotes is still largely unknown. NHs have been classified into three homology groups based on the conservation of active site residues. While many structures are available of representatives of group I and II, structural information for group III NHs is lacking. Here, we report the first crystal structure of a purine‐specific nucleoside hydrolase belonging to homology group III from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (CeNH) to 1.65Å resolution. In contrast to dimeric purine‐specific NHs from group II, CeNH is a homotetramer. A cysteine residue that characterizes group III NHs (Cys253) structurally aligns with the catalytic histidine and tryptophan residues of group I and group II enzymes, respectively. Moreover, a second cysteine (Cys42) points into the active site of CeNH. Substrate docking shows that both cysteine residues are appropriately positioned to interact with the purine ring. Site‐directed mutagenesis and kinetic analysis proposes a catalytic role for both cysteines residues, with Cys253 playing the most prominent role in leaving group activation.
Stepwise assembly of functional C‐terminal REST/NRSF transcriptional repressor complexes as a drug target
Authors: Inui Ken , Zhao Zongpei , Yuan Juan , Jayaprakash Sakthidasan , Le Le T. M. , Drakulic Srdja , Sander Bjoern , Golas Monika M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn human cells, thousands of predominantly neuronal genes are regulated by the repressor element 1 (RE1)‐silencing transcription factor/neuron‐restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF). REST/NRSF represses transcription of these genes in stem cells and non‐neuronal cells by tethering corepressor complexes. Aberrant REST/NRSF expression and intracellular localization are associated with cancer and neurodegeneration in humans. To date, detailed molecular analyses of REST/NRSF and its C‐terminal repressor complex have been hampered largely by the lack of sufficient amounts of purified REST/NRSF and its complexes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to express and purify human REST/NRSF and its C‐terminal interactors in a baculovirus multiprotein expression system as individual proteins and coexpressed complexes. All proteins were enriched in the nucleus, and REST/NRSF was isolated as a slower migrating form, characteristic of nuclear REST/NRSF in mammalian cells. Both REST/NRSF alone and its C‐terminal repressor complex were functionally active in histone deacetylation and histone demethylation and bound to RE1/neuron‐restrictive silencer element (NRSE) sites. Additionally, the mechanisms of inhibition of the small‐molecule drugs 4SC‐202 and SP2509 were analyzed. These drugs interfered with the viability of medulloblastoma cells, where REST/NRSF has been implicated in cancer pathogenesis. Thus, a resource for molecular REST/NRSF studies and drug development has been established.
Effect of micromorphology on transport properties of Nb‐doped anatase TiO2 films: A transmission electron microscopy study
Authors: Ogawa Daisuke , Nakao Shoichiro , Morikawa Kazuo , Ebisawa Mizue , Hirose Yasushi , Hasegawa Tetsuya 
Published: February 2017

We investigate the transport properties and micromorphology of polycrystalline Nb‐doped anatase TiO2 (TNO) transparent conductive films, as a function of working pressure (pw) during sputtering. The TNO films were crystallized from amorphous precursors sputter‐deposited on unheated glass substrates. The micromorphologies of the TNO films were observed using a transmission electron microscope. The film deposited at a high pw of 1 Pa showed an inhomogeneous micromorphology, and a substantially low Hall mobility (μH) of 2.0 cm2V−1s−1. However, films deposited at a low pw of 0.75 and 0.5 Pa exhibited less inhomogeneity in the micromorphologies and a high μH of 3.8 and 9.2 cm2V−1s−1, respectively. These results indicate that the inhomogeneous micromorphology acts as an additional carrier scattering source. The pw dependence of the micromorphology demonstrates that the inhomogeneous micromorphology originates from density fluctuation rather than sputter damage.The working pressure (pw) of sputtering significantly affects the micromorphology and, thus, the Hall mobility (μH) of Nb‐doped anatase TiO2 (TNO) transparent conductive thin films.
A 2‐Stage Attribute‐Variable Control Chart to Monitor a Vector of Process Means
Authors: Melo Moizes S. , Ho Linda Lee , Medeiros Pledson G. 
Published: February 2017

The aim of this paper is to propose a combined attribute‐variable control chart, namely Max D − T2, to monitor a vector of process means μ = [μ1,…,μq] in a multivariate process control. The procedure consists of splitting a sample of size n into two sub‐samples of sizes n1 and n2(n = n2 + n2), determined by an optimized process. Units of the first sub‐sample are evaluated by an attribute inspection. Using a device like a gauge ring, each unit of the first sub sample is considered approved related to the quality characteristic i if Xi∈[
;
]; otherwise, it is disapproved in the characteristic i, where
and
(obtained by an optimization) are respectively the lower and upper discriminating limits of the quality dimension Xi. If the number of disapproved items in any quality characteristic is higher than a control limit, then the measurement of the q quality characteristics is taken on each unit of the second sub‐sample and the statistic T2 is calculated. If T2 < L(L, the control limit) the process is judged as in control. The process will suffer intervention if both charts signal. The procedure has an advantage to not inspect the units of the second sub‐sample if the first sub‐sample indicates that the process is in control. This proposal shows a better performance than T2 control chart for a large number of scenarios. The two control limits and discriminant limits are optimized to reach a desired value of ARL0 and to minimize ARL1. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Streambed Disturbance over a Long Flood Series
Authors: Haschenburger J. K. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractFlooding and channel characteristics control the occurrence, spatial extent, and depth of streambed disturbance. This research quantifies the frequency and depth of streambed disturbance in a small, coastal salmon‐spawning stream resulting from 249 floods. Bed disturbance was documented by monitoring the three‐dimensional positions of gravel tracers and producing cellular maps within a geographic information system (GIS). The most active areas make up about 1% of the streambed. Undisturbed areas constitute between 31 and 53% of the bed. Maximum disturbance depths exceed 20 cm in more than half of the active bed. Logistic regression equations based on two bed characteristics correctly describe disturbance frequency and depth over most of the bed. Results provide insight into the active zone of bedload transport, correspond with expectations of partial sediment transport, and document potential refugia that persist over many life cycles of the stream community. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Local‐scale Benefits of River Connectivity Restoration Planning Beyond Jurisdictional Boundaries
Authors: Milt A. W. , Doran P. J. , Ferris M. C. , Moody A. T. , Neeson T. M. , McIntyre P. B. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractConservation planning aims to optimize outcomes for select species or ecosystems by directing resources toward high‐return sites. The possibility that local benefits might be increased by directing resources beyond the focal area is rarely considered. We present a case study of restoring river connectivity for migratory fish of the Great Lakes Basin by removing dams and road crossings within municipal jurisdictions versus their broader watersheds. We found that greater river connectivity could often be achieved by considering both intra‐jurisdictional and extra‐jurisdictional barriers. Focusing on jurisdictional barriers alone generally forfeited <20% (median = 0%) of habitat gains for those who value solely habitat gains within the jurisdiction, but >75% (median = 100%) for planners who value larger‐scale habitat gains. Similarly, cost savings tended to be between −50% and +50%, but in some cases were very negative. Our study underscores the local‐scale benefits of broadening restoration investments, especially for decision makers of the Great Lakes Basin and contributes to a discussion of appropriate and efficient scales of conservation planning. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FairAccess: a new Blockchain‐based access control framework for the Internet of Things
Authors: Ouaddah Aafaf , Abou Elkalam Anas , Ait Ouahman Abdellah 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSecurity and privacy are huge challenges in Internet of Things (IoT) environments, but unfortunately, the harmonization of the IoT‐related standards and protocols is hardly and slowly widespread. In this paper, we propose a new framework for access control in IoT based on the blockchain technology. Our first contribution consists in providing a reference model for our proposed framework within the Objectives, Models, Architecture and Mechanism specification in IoT. In addition, we introduce FairAccess as a fully decentralized pseudonymous and privacy preserving authorization management framework that enables users to own and control their data. To implement our model, we use and adapt the blockchain into a decentralized access control manager. Unlike financial bitcoin transactions, FairAccess introduces new types of transactions that are used to grant, get, delegate, and revoke access. As a proof of concept, we establish an initial implementation with a Raspberry PI device and local blockchain. Finally, we discuss some limitations and propose further opportunities. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Strong designated verifier signature scheme from lattices in the standard model
Authors: Noh Geontae , Jeong Ik Rae 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIn a strong designated verifier signature scheme, only the designated verifier can determine the identity of the signer; others cannot identify the signer or the verifier. To date, one strong designated verifier signature scheme from lattices has been proposed, only in the random oracle model. In this paper, we propose the first strong designated verifier signature scheme from lattices in the standard model. The proposed scheme satisfies the requirements of unforgeability, nontransferability, and privacy of the signer's identity. This scheme can be easily extended to an identity‐based strong designated verifier signature scheme and an (identity‐based) strong multi‐designated verifiers signature scheme. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme and its application with almost optimal information rate
Authors: Peng Qiao , Tian Youliang 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIt is well known that the construction of publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme with high information rate is a challenge. The information rates of the existing schemes are generally less than one‐half; for this problem, we put forward a publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme with almost optimal information rate based on multilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption. First, we construct a knowledge commitment scheme by using multilinear map; on the basis of this scheme, we propose a publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme whose information rate is (m − 1)/m (The secret is (m − 1)‐dimensional vector), which is almost asymptotically optimal. Second, the public verifiability of the scheme is achieved by using the multiple linear property of a multilinear map. Again, under multilinear Diffie–Hellman assumption, we proved the security of our scheme. And we apply our publicly verifiable secret sharing scheme to public‐key encryption system skillfully. At last, the performance analysis results show the effectiveness and practicality of our scheme. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inverse load calculation procedure for offshore wind turbines and application to a 5‐MW wind turbine support structure
Authors: Pahn T. , Rolfes R. , Jonkman J. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractA significant number of wind turbines installed today have reached their designed service life of 20 years, and the number will rise continuously. Most of these turbines promise a more economical performance if they operate for more than 20 years. To assess a continued operation, we have to analyze the load‐bearing capacity of the support structure with respect to site‐specific conditions. Such an analysis requires the comparison of the loads used for the design of the support structure with the actual loads experienced. This publication presents the application of a so‐called inverse load calculation to a 5‐MW wind turbine support structure. The inverse load calculation determines external loads derived from a mechanical description of the support structure and from measured structural responses. Using numerical simulations with the software fast, we investigated the influence of wind‐turbine‐specific effects such as the wind turbine control or the dynamic interaction between the loads and the support structure to the presented inverse load calculation procedure. fast is used to study the inverse calculation of simultaneously acting wind and wave loads, which has not been carried out until now. Furthermore, the application of the inverse load calculation procedure to a real 5‐MW wind turbine support structure is demonstrated. In terms of this practical application, setting up the mechanical system for the support structure using measurement data is discussed. The paper presents results for defined load cases and assesses the accuracy of the inversely derived dynamic loads for both the simulations and the practical application. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
NONCROSSING SETS AND A GRASSMANN ASSOCIAHEDRON
Authors: SANTOS FRANCISCO , STUMP CHRISTIAN , WELKER VOLKMAR 
Published: February 2017

We study a natural generalization of the noncrossing relation between pairs of elements in$[n]$to$k$-tuples in$[n]$that was first considered by Petersenet al.[J. Algebra324(5) (2010), 951–969]. We give an alternative approach to their result that the flag simplicial complex on$\binom{[n]}{k}$induced by this relation is a regular, unimodular and flag triangulation of the order polytope of the poset given by the product$[k]\times [n-k]$of two chains (also called Gelfand–Tsetlin polytope), and that it is the join of a simplex and a sphere (that is, it is a Gorenstein triangulation). We then observe that this already implies the existence of a flag simplicial polytope generalizing the dual associahedron, whose Stanley–Reisner ideal is an initial ideal of the Grassmann–Plücker ideal, while previous constructions of such a polytope did not guarantee flagness nor reduced to the dual associahedron for$k=2$. On our way we provide general results about order polytopes and their triangulations. We call the simplicial complex thenoncrossing complex, and the polytope derived from it the dualGrassmann associahedron. We extend results of Petersenet al.[J. Algebra324(5) (2010), 951–969] showing that the noncrossing complex and the Grassmann associahedron naturally reflect the relations between Grassmannians with different parameters, in particular the isomorphism$G_{k,n}\cong G_{n-k,n}$. Moreover, our approach allows us to show that the adjacency graph of the noncrossing complex admits a natural acyclic orientation that allows us to define aGrassmann–Tamari orderon maximal noncrossing families. Finally, we look at the precise relation of the noncrossing complex and the weak separability complex of Leclerc and Zelevinsky [Amer. Math. Soc. Transl.181(2) (1998), 85–108]; see also Scott [J. Algebra290(1) (2005), 204–220] among others. We show that the weak separability complex is not only a subcomplex of the noncrossing complex as noted by Petersenet al.[J. Algebra324(5) (2010), 951–969] but actually its cyclically invariant part.
On steady non-breaking downstream waves and the wave resistance – Stokes’ method
Authors: Maklakov Dmitri V. , Petrov Alexander G. 
Published: February 2017

In this work, we have obtained explicit analytical formulae expressing the wave resistance of a two-dimensional body in terms of geometric parameters of nonlinear downstream waves. The formulae have been constructed in the form of high-order asymptotic expansions in powers of the wave amplitude with coefficients depending on the mean depth. To obtain these expansions, the second Stokes method has been used. The analysis represents the next step of the research carried out in Maklakov & Petrov (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 776, 2015, pp. 290–315), where the properties of the waves have been computed by a numerical method of integral equations. In the present work, we have derived a quadratic system of equations with respect to the coefficients of the second Stokes method and developed an effective computer algorithm for solving the system. Comparison with previous numerical results obtained by the method of integral equations has been made.
An integrated trilobite and conodont biostratigraphy across the base of the Laurentian Whiterockian Series (lower Middle Ordovician) at its stratotype, Whiterock Canyon Narrows, Nevada
Authors: Loch James , Ethington Raymond 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe outcrop at Whiterock Canyon Narrows, Nevada, is the stratotype for the Middle Ordovician Whiterockian Series in Laurentia. Contrasts in the distribution of trilobites and conodonts between two parallel sections at the stratotype demonstrate the presence of an unconformity separating Ibexian faunas (the historic trilobite Zone J, the more recent restricted “Pseudocybele nasuta” trilobite Zone, theReutterodus andinusconodont Zone) from overlying Whiterockian faunas (Zone L, thePsephosthenaspis pseudobathyurustrilobite Zone, theOrthidiellabrachiopod Zone, theTripodus combsiconodont Zone). The unconformity represents the erosional loss of a minimum of 10 m of shale and bedded limestone within the upper Ninemile Formation. In comparison to more continuous section in the Ibex region, Utah, the equivalent to the thinPsephosthenaspis microspinosatrilobite Zone and, possibly, the uppermost interval of the underlying “P.nasuta” Zone are missing.Illaenus welchinew species is described from the Whiterockian faunas of the upper Ninemile and Antelope Valley formations.
Testing for homologies in the axial skeleton of primitive echinoderms
Authors: Paul Christopher R. C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe extraxial axial theory is used to investigate homology of ambulacral and oral plating because it predicts terminal branching and terminal addition of plates in the axial skeleton, although exceptions to the former may occur in some Paleozoic echinoderms. The variety of morphological designs and anomalous individuals also provide tests of plate homology. Homology of ambulacra is generally accepted, with the hydropore and/or single gonopore in Carpenter’s CD interray. In the 2-1-2 ambulacral pattern the unbranched ambulacrum is always in Carpenter’s A ray. All ambulacral morphology requires just three instructions: ‘grow,’ ‘branch,’ and ‘stop.’ The range of variation in echinoderms with fewer than five ambulacra implies that both the ‘branch’ and ‘stop’ instructions acted independently in all five rays. Numbers of ambulacra may or may not correlate with numbers of orals. Two basic patterns of ‘cystoid’ oral plating occur; with a single radial (circum-oral, CO) plate from each ambulacrum plus a sixth in the CD interray, and with all six interradial peri-oral (PO) plates, with two in the CD interambulacrum. Five ‘orals’ may involve loss of PO3 or PO6. Erect ambulacral structures are lost first in taphonomy and so poorly known. All ambulacral skeletal elements bear the same topological relationship to ambulacral soft tissues. Where branched ambulacra occur, the trunk or flooring plates are often modified first brachiolars or pinnulars. Both brachioles and pinnules may arise from facets developed on one or two flooring plates. Terminal addition of plates, spacing of brachioles/pinnules, and lack of musculature to open cover plates all suggest that ‘cystoids’ had extensions of the water vascular system in their ambulacra.
RESERVATIONS AS UNILATERAL ACTS? EXAMINING THE INTERNATIONAL LAW COMMISSION'S APPROACH TO RESERVATIONS
Authors: Chow Pok Yin S. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe law of unilateral acts and the law of treaties are generally considered to be two distinct areas of international law. While the former governs the effect of unilateral undertakings by States, the latter governs,inter alia, the formation, interpretation, termination, and suspension of treaties. In 2011, the International Law Commission (ILC) concluded a two-decade study on reservations. One of its most remarkable insights is the argument that reservations ought to be considered ‘unilateral acts’. Thus, certain rules pertaining the law of unilateral acts ought to apply to reservations. This article critically examines the ILC's novel proposal as well as its attempt to provide answers to contemporary questions on reservations through conceptualizing reservations as unilateral acts.