bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Knowledge and practice of nurses toward climate change at Bahariya Oasis in Egypt
Authors: Mousa Neama M. , Elshair Enas H. , Elsawy Manal M. 
Published: October 2024

Background
Climate change poses a significant risk to the population’s health. Nurses are the best group to take action against the health hazards caused by climate change. However, their knowledge and practice of this phenomenon is unknown.

Aim
To assess the knowledge and practice of nurses toward climate change at Bahariya Oasis, Egypt.

Design
A descriptive exploratory design was utilized to fulfill the aim of this study.

Setting
The study was conducted at Bahariya Oasis, Giza Governorate, Egypt.

Sample
All 213 nurses working at all available settings affiliated with the health sector were included in this study.

Tools for data collection
I. Nurses’ climate change knowledge questionnaire, and II. Nurses’ self-reported practice checklist.

Results
The current study results showed that 67.1% and 65.7% of nurses had correct incomplete knowledge regarding the definition and causes of climate change, respectively. 90.6% and 88.7% of nurses had incorrect knowledge about the effects of household items and high temperatures, respectively. 86.4% of nurses did not conduct awareness programs and instructions on preserving the environment. 68.5% of nurses used public transportation to get to work.

Conclusion
Three-quarters of nurses had partially satisfactory knowledge, and the majority of them had poor practice regarding climate change.

Recommendations
The current study recommended that nurses should receive continuous updating knowledge and training toward climate change. Further researches are recommended to find out knowledge and practice among nurses on a large scale for generalization.
A confocal laser scanning microscopic analysis of efficacy of different activated irrigants in the removal of calcium hydroxide medicament and subsequent penetrability of Bio-C sealer – An in vitro study
Authors: Bademela Sree Laksmi , Raju T. B. V. G. , Parvathaneni Krishna Prasad , Seshadri Abitha , Dondapati Gowtam Dev 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim:
The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of different irrigants activated by pro-agitator tip system (PATS) Vario on the removal of calcium hydroxide medicament and subsequent penetration depth of Bio-C sealer.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty single-rooted mandibular premolars were selected. Access cavities were prepared; biomechanical preparation was done. Metapex that had been combined with rhodamine B dye was used to fill each sample. All the samples were divided into five groups (n = 10) – Group I: chitosan–citrate, Group II: intracanal heated sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Group III: phytic acid, Group IV: SmearClear, and Group V: saline. All samples were obturated using gutta-percha and Bio-C sealer (combined with fluorescein dye). Later, all samples were sectioned at 3, 6, and 9 mm from the apex and observed under a confocal microscope for residual Ca(OH)2 and sealer penetration into dentinal tubules.

Results:
The saline group exhibited the least amount of sealer penetration and high residual Ca(OH)2, both of which were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion:
The use of PATS Vario for irrigant activation enhanced the calcium hydroxide removal efficacy and penetration of Bio-C sealer into dentinal tubules. The elimination of calcium hydroxide and sealer penetration, from the apical region of the tooth, can be accelerated by intracanal heating of NaOCl.
Comparative evaluation of the effect of three different obturation techniques on push-out bond strength of AH Plus Bioceramic and EndoCeramic sealers: An in vitro study
Authors: Vemuri Sayesh , Rachamadugu Eswar Swetha , Naveena Thalabhakthula , Garlapati Roopadevi , Bolla Nagesh , Basam Ram Chowdary 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context:
Effect of three different obturation techniques on bond strength of bioceramic sealers.

Aim:
This study aimed to investigate the effect of cold lateral compaction, thermafil, and thermoplasticized obturation techniques on the push-out bond strength of AH Plus Bioceramic and EndoCeramic sealers.

Settings and Design:
The design of the study was an in vitro study.

Materials and Methods:
Forty-two extracted teeth that were single-rooted and had fully developed apices were chosen, decoronated, and biomechanically prepared using rotary nickel–titanium (NiTi) instruments. Samples were divided into two groups of n = 21. Group 1: AH Plus Bioceramic sealer, Group 2: EndoCeramic sealer. Then, based on the obturation technique employed, each group was divided into three subgroups (n = 7): subgroups 1a, 2a: Cold lateral compaction; Subgroups 1b, 2b: Thermafil; and Subgroups 1c, 2c: Thermoplasticized (obtura). Using universal testing machine, slices from the middle third of the sample’s root were analyzed to determine the push-out bond strength values.

Results:
Compared to other groups push-out bond strength was noticeably higher for the cold lateral compaction technique with EndoCeramic sealer (Subgroup 2a), followed by the Thermafil technique with EndoCeramic sealer (Subgroup 2b).

Conclusions:
In the present study, compared to heat-based obturation techniques, cold lateral compaction showed better push-out bond strength values for both sealers. EndoCeramic sealer resulted in greater push-out bond strength values than AH Plus Bioceramic sealer.
Role of Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate in inducing odontoblastic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells
Authors: Bhargava Karan , Srinidhi S. R. , Mulay Sanjyot , Bhonde Ramesh , Kharat Avinash , Kheur Supriya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) is an efficient, reproducible, and biological antioxidant of clinical utility, which may also be preferred for obtaining human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) for the purpose of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Aim and Objectives:
The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of PDTC on the propagation and differentiation of hDPSCs.

Materials and Methods:
hDPSCs were isolated by explant culture method and characterized for stem cell properties using flow cytometry method. The effects of PDTC-induced odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSC at different concentrations (0.5, 1.0, and 5.0 mM) were determined by staining for mineralization.

Results:
Mineralization was more prominent and significantly higher in the induced hDPSCs treated with 1.0 mM concentration of PDTC.

Conclusion:
PDTC at 1.0 mM concentration could have a significant pharmacological role in activating and enhancing odontogenic differentiation of dental stem cells and make it an important step in regenerative dentistry.
Quantitative analysis of antibacterial efficacy of herbal irrigants against endodontic microflora – A clinical study
Authors: Das Lovely , Maity Ipsita , Desai Priti D. , Mazumdar Paromita , Ghosh Kushal Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aims:
The study aimed to assess the antimicrobial effectiveness of green tea and neem extract compared to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against various root canal microorganisms.

Materials and Methods:
Thirty patients with pulpal necrosis were selected, providing 60 samples before and after irrigation. Groups were assigned as follows: Group A: 3% NaOCl (control), Group B: green tea, and Group C: neem extract. Samples were collected before and after irrigation in two phases. Samples were collected maintaining a strict sterile condition and stored in buffer solution at −80°C for bacterial-load measurement through real-time Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Statistical analysis included within-group comparisons using Wilcoxon’s test and the paired t-test and inter-group comparisons using the Kruskal–Wallis test with post hoc Dunn’s test and one-way analysis of variance with post hoc Tukey’s honestly significant difference test (P ≤ 0.05).

Results:
While no irrigant achieved complete bacterial eradication, all solutions exhibited significant antimicrobial activity postirrigation. NaOCl yielded the most effective results, with green tea nearly comparable, and neem extract demonstrating the lowest efficacy.

Conclusions:
Herbal irrigants, particularly green tea, can serve as effective alternatives to chemical solutions. However, neem extract proved less effective than both green tea and NaOCl, indicating its inferiority in root canal disinfection.
Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride, superoxidized solution, ozonated water, 0.1% silver nanoparticle solution, and Q mix™ 2 in 1 in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis
Authors: Inamdar Mahenaz Salam , Chole Dayanand G. , Bakle Shrinivas S. , Vaprani Preeti B. , Gandhi Neha P. , Hatte Nikhil R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The objective of this study was to compare and evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride, superoxidized solution, ozonated water, 0.1% silver nanoparticles (AgNp) solution, and Q mix™ 2 in 1 in root canals infected with Enterococcus faecalis.

Methodology:
One hundred and fifty permanent mandibular premolars were inoculated with E. faecalis (0.5 McFarland standards) were incubated at 37°C for 7 days after which preoperative microbial sampling was done and the number of viable E. faecalis cells was obtained as CFU/mL.
The specimens were irrigated with 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (group 1), Q mix™ 2 in 1 (group 2), super oxidized solution (group 3), 0.1% AgNp solution (group 4), ozonated water (group 5), and normal saline (group 6) during mechanical instrumentation. The final irrigation was followed by microbial sampling and the number of viable E. faecalis cells was obtained as CFU/mL.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were analyzed by paired t-test and ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test.

Results:
Paired t-test showed a statistically significant difference between mean CFU before and after irrigation in groups I, II, III, IV, and V respectively (P < 0.05). Group VI showed no statistically significant difference between CFU before and after irrigation (P = 0.131).

Conclusion:
The mean bacterial reduction was statistically significant for all the study groups, proving their good antibacterial activity against E. faecalis in root canals whereas 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride and ozonated water demonstrated relatively higher antimicrobial potential.
Antimicrobial efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine gel, triphala, and Azadirachta indica as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis: A randomized clinical trial
Authors: Sharma Lakshika , Sinha Dakshita Joy , Puri Nikhil , Dhawan Anu , Prakash Prem , Sharif Nabila 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context:
Concerns about adverse reactions and the development of antibiotic resistance have prompted an alternative treatment strategy that utilizes traditional medicinal herbs.

Aim:
This randomized control trial assessed the antimicrobial efficacy of 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel, Triphala, and Azadirachta indica as intracanal medicaments against Enterococcus faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
Forty patients with nonvital teeth and single root canals were selected (n = 10). Following the initial access opening, the first microbial samples (S1) were collected using paper points. Second microbial samples (S2) were collected following the chemo-mechanical preparation and 1 week after introducing the intracanal medicaments. Group I: 2% CHX, Group II: A. indica, Group III: Triphala, and Group IV: Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2). S1 and S2 samples were collected, and bacterial growth was observed using the colony-forming unit (CFU) count.

Statistical Analysis:
Comparison of the difference in CFU count among four groups was performed using one-way ANOVA test (P < 0.05) followed by post hoc Tukey test.

Results:
Reduction in CFU count postmedication S2 from S1 in each group was statistically significant. Percentage reduction in CFU count was highest in Triphala group followed by A. indica and 2% CHX group. Percentage reduction in CFU count was least in Ca(OH)2 group. The post hoc pairwise comparison of % reduction in CFU count among four groups showed that the percent reduction was highest in Triphala group.

Conclusion:
Triphala has considerable antimicrobial efficacy against E. faecalis.
The prevalence, configuration, and prediction of second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary second molars in West Bengal population – A cone-beam computed tomography study
Authors: Sakthivel M. , Das Ujjwal , Murmu Lugu Buru , Saha Kallol Kumar 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Objective:
This study’s objective is to analyze the prevalence as well as the configuration of second mesiobuccal (MB2) in maxillary 2nd molars and predict its existence based on mesiobuccal-palatal (MB-P) distance, MB-P/distobuccal-palatal (DB-P) distance ratio and mesiobuccal, distobuccal, and palatal orifice (MDP) angle with the help of cone-beam computed tomography.

Materials and Methods:
The presence and absence of MB2 are noted down in 300 maxillary 2nd molars. Canal configuration was observed from the orifice to the apex in the mesiobuccal root. Interorifice distances of MB-DB, MB-P, and DB-P were measured. MB-P and DB-P ratios have been computed. MDP angle was also measured. Then, MB2 existence and the above factors are correlated.

Results:
The prevalence of MB2 is increased as the values increase in MB-P distance (>5.25 mm), MB-P and DB-P ratio (>1.25), and MDP angle (>95°). Out of 150 MB2 teeth, Vertucci type 2, 4, and 8 Configurations are seen in 103 (68.6%), 46 (30.6%), and 1 (0.67%), respectively.

Conclusions:
This positive correlation between MB2 presence and these three factors helps clinicians to identify MB2 canals effectively.
Comparative evaluation of various biomaterials as pulpotomy agents in molars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis: A randomized single-blinded single-center control trial
Authors: Gilhotra Vidushi , Kumar Tarun , Mittal Sunandan , Keshav Vanita , Maakhni Ena , Kesarwani Damini 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Untreated tooth decay in mature permanent dentition is a prevalent global issue, affecting 34.1% of people with 2.5 billion cases annually. Extensive decay often leads to irreversible pulpitis, characterized by pulp inflammation and pain. Pulpectomy, the standard treatment, involves complex procedures with potential complications. Modern endodontics favors minimally invasive treatment such as pulpotomy, which preserves pulp vitality. This study aims to compare the clinical as well as radiographic outcomes of different pulpotomy agents: Biodentine, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), Bio-C repair, and Endosequence Bio-ceramic root repair material (BCRRM) in mature permanent molars.

Methodology:
This single-blind, single-center study involved 80 participants randomly assigned to four groups, each receiving one of the biomaterials. Ethical approval was obtained. Participants aged 14–60 years with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were selected. Pulpotomy procedures were performed, and follow-up evaluations occurred at 24 h, 1 week, 4 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months. Clinical success was measured by the absence of pain, sensitivity, and tenderness. Radiographic evaluation used the periapical index (PAI) scoring system.

Results:
Pulpotomy significantly reduced postoperative pain in all groups. Endosequence BCRRM showed the maximum pain reduction at 24 h with a statistically significant difference from all the groups (at 1% probability level), followed by Bio-C repair, Biodentine, and MTA. At 1 week, Bio-C repair led in pain reduction with statistically nonsignificant results. All groups reported no pain at 3, 6, and 12 months. Endosequence BCRRM had the highest improvement in periapical findings at 1 year. Sensitivity to hot and cold improved significantly in all groups, with Endosequence BCRRM performing best.

Conclusion:
Endosequence BCRRM provided the best overall outcomes, emphasizing the importance of material choice in pulpotomy treatments. Further research on biomaterials’ long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes is needed to enhance treatment efficacy.
Volumetric correlation of periapical lesion with Orstavik’s periapical index: A retrospective cone-beam computed tomographic study
Authors: Rajasekhar Reshma , Attur Kailash , Bagda Kamal Kumar , Soman Sooraj , Anroop Anjana 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Aim:
To assess the correlation among cone-beam computed tomographic periapical volume index (CBCTPAVI) and periapical lesion volume with Orstavik’s periapical index (PAI).

Methodology:
Seventy-six cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) and periapical radiographic images of single-rooted teeth presenting with apical periodontitis from 42 patients were obtained from a period of March 2023 to April 2024. Two observers evaluated the periapical radiographs and assigned PAI scores. CBCTPAVI was allocated based on the volume of the lesion, which was computed using ITK-SNAP software. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was employed to evaluate the association between CBCTPAVI and lesion volume with PAI.

Results:
A significant and moderate positive relationship between PAI and lesion volume (ρ = 0.553, P < 0.001) as well as between PAI and CBCTPAVI (ρ = 0.506; P < 0.001) was observed.

Conclusion:
The risk of under/overestimation of results on two-dimensional periapical radiographs exists, despite a favorable connection with volumetric assessment of CBCT images.
Postoperative pain evaluation in patients undergoing endodontic treatment subsequent to working length determination with and without integrated apex locator endomotor: Randomized control trial
Authors: Rawat Gajender , Kumar Pravin , Chugh Vinay Kumar , Duraisamy Arun Kumar , Pathak Karishma , Sharma Rajat 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
Precise working length control during chemomechanical preparation is one of the primary factors for successful endodontic therapy.

Aim:
The study aims to evaluate the postoperative pain after determining working length with an integrated apex locator-endomotor and a separate apex locator-endomotor.

Subjects and Methods:
One hundred and twenty subjects with a diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and preoperative pain score Visual Analog Scale (VAS) >50 were allocated into Group I with nonintegrated apex locator and endomotor and Group II with integrated apex locator endomotor, further treated by single endodontist. Postoperative pain was assessed with a VAS chart on days 1, 3, and 7. The necessity of analgesic intake if required was considered as the highest VAS score.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Pre- and post-operative VAS scores between the groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney and one-way ANCOVA tests.

Results:
On days 1 and 3, Group II showed significantly lower values of postoperative pain and lesser frequency of rescue medication when compared with Group I (P < 0.05). On day 7, none of the patients reported postoperative pain.

Conclusion:
Simultaneous working length determination during instrumentation leads to significantly lesser postoperative pain.
Comparative evaluation of wettability of AH plus, Ceraseal and Guttaflow bioseal root canal sealers on root canal dentin: An in vitro study
Authors: Kunam Divya , Uppalapati Yasaswini , Ponnapalli Ajay Teja , Krishna Ch. N. V. Murali , Bode Yamuna , Yadatha Swetha 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context:
Effective root canal treatment relies on the ability of sealers to wet and penetrate the root canal system, ensuring a tight seal and preventing bacterial leakage. The current study investigates the wetting ability of newer root canal sealers by evaluating their contact angle.

Aim:
The objective of the present study was to evaluate and compare the wetting behavior of Guttaflow bioseal, Ceraseal, and AH plus root canal sealers.

Materials and Methods:
Decoronation and apical third resections of thirty extracted singlerooted human mandibular premolars were done. The roots were then split longitudinally into two halves buccolingually. The root dentin surfaces were treated using 10 mL 3% sodium hypochlorite for 5 min, 10 mL of 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid for 5 min, and 2% chlorhexidine for 10 min. Then, these sixty dentin bars were randomly divided into three groups (n = 20): Group 1 – AH Plus, Group 2 – Ceraseal, and Group 3 – Guttaflow bioseal. The controlled volume of 0.1 mL sealer has been dispensed onto the dentin specimen using a micropipette. The contact angle of a drop of sealer was measured after 5 min using Ossila goniometer.

Statistical Analysis Used:
The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc tests. The statistical significance was at P < 0.05.

Results:
The mean contact angle values for AH Plus sealer were lower when compared to the other two sealer groups which is statistically highly significant.

Conclusions:
AH Plus showed lesser contact angle thereby better wettability than Ceraseal and Guttaflow bioseal on the root canal dentin surface.
Antimicrobial efficacy of nanoparticle calcium hydroxide and silver nanoparticles on Enterococcus faecalis: An in vitro study
Authors: Chander Chikine Yashas , Kumar Yata Prashanth , Vankayala Bhavana , Veeraiyan Mounika , Thomas Delphia , Yadav Sarjeev Singh 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Background:
In root canal disinfection, intracanal medicaments play a vital role. Typical intracanal medicament, calcium hydroxide (CH), has the lowest efficacy against the biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis. Nanoparticles and their combinations may increase antimicrobial activity, making them better than conventional CH.

Aim:
The aim is to determine the efficacy of nanoparticle CH (NPCH) and silver nanoparticles (AgNP) against E. faecalis.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 premolars were chosen. The samples were cleaned and decoronated. Cleaning and shaping were done. The apices were tightly sealed with modeling wax before being injected with 5 μl of E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) bacterial suspension, and then left to incubate. Samples were categorized into CH (G-I), NPCH (G-II), AgNP (G-III), and a combination of NPCH + AgNP (G-IV) according to the intracanal medication used. Eppendorf tubes were used to transfer dentin chips after they had been incubated for 7 days. The process of obtaining bacterial colony-forming units (CFUs) involves inoculating sediments onto blood agar.

Results:
The findings are statistically significant, number of CFUs seen with the Combination of NPCH + AgNP is lower than the other experimental groups, the group treated with CH had the largest number of CFUs.

Conclusions:
The highest antibacterial effect was seen in combination of NPCH + AgNP.
A novel diode laser intervention in the management of external invasive cervical resorption
Authors: Chidananda S. , Mujeeb Abdul , Swetha S. Padma , Sanjay M. K. , Shree D. U. Nithya 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
“Invasive cervical resorption (ICR)” is a rare category of “external root resorption.” It is a progressive and destructive condition with an unclear cause. Managing external “ICR” presents a significant challenge, even to the most seasoned dental professionals. The removal of excessively vascularized granulation tissue is viewed as a pivotal step. This case report highlights the use of a diode laser to excise granulation tissue, by achieving optimal tissue ablation, promoting better healing, and subsequently restoring the severely damaged crown of the external ICR tooth with an intracanal fiber post.