bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Competencies displayed by multinational corporation senior managers in critical business situations
Authors: Ryan Geoff , Emmerling Robert J. , Fergusson Lee , Baker Shayne 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThis research investigates the types of critical business situations worked on by multinational corporations' senior managers and the competencies they employ to achieve desired outcomes.Design/methodology/approachThe research is based on a database of N = 440 critical success incidents obtained from semi-structured interviews with a sample of 143 senior managers during competency-based consulting projects over a 25-year period from 1995 to 2019. Content analysis was used to categorise critical success incidents, by similarity of business intent, into groups labelled as critical business situations. Behavioural coding was used to identify competencies.FindingsNine critical business situations were found, and 10 competencies identified, accounting for 79% of behaviours displayed by the senior managers. Five competencies were found to be used more universally and five were more dependent on the specific critical business situation.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides an overview of the initial stage of this topic. Further empirical validation including applicability in contemporary business contexts, testing of competency relationships with critical business situation criterion-referenced outcomes, and temporal and geographic usage will be presented in an accompanying study.Practical implicationsKnowledge of the specific competencies and their relative frequencies when displayed in different critical business situations provide the potential to give more targeted development suggestions to senior managers facing similar situations.Originality/valueThis study examines concurrently, both the business situations and associated competencies of senior managers, a group for whom extant research is significantly limited.
Non-similar solution of Casson fluid flow over a curved stretching surface with viscous dissipation; Artificial neural network analysis
Authors: Ul Haq Sami , Ashraf Muhammad Bilal , Tanveer Arooj 
Published: September 2024

PurposeThe main focus is to provide a non-similar solution for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of Casson fluid over a curved stretching surface through the novel technique of the artificial intelligence (AI)-based Lavenberg–Marquardt scheme of an artificial neural network (ANN). The effects of joule heating, viscous dissipation and non-linear thermal radiation are discussed in relation to the thermal behavior of Casson fluid.Design/methodology/approachThe non-linear coupled boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-linear dimensionless Partial Differential Equation (PDE) by using a non-similar transformation. The local non-similar technique is utilized to truncate the non-similar dimensionless system up to 2nd order, which is treated as coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The coupled system of ODEs is solved numerically via bvp4c. The data sets are constructed numerically and then implemented by the ANN.FindingsThe results indicate that the non-linear radiation parameter increases the fluid temperature. The Casson parameter reduces the fluid velocity as well as the temperature. The mean squared error (MSE), regression plot, error histogram, error analysis of skin friction, and local Nusselt number are presented. Furthermore, the regression values of skin friction and local Nusselt number are obtained as 0.99993 and 0.99997, respectively. The ANN predicted values of skin friction and the local Nusselt number show stability and convergence with high accuracy.Originality/valueAI-based ANNs have not been applied to non-similar solutions of curved stretching surfaces with Casson fluid model, with viscous dissipation. Moreover, the authors of this study employed Levenberg–Marquardt supervised learning to investigate the non-similar solution of the MHD Casson fluid model over a curved stretching surface with non-linear thermal radiation and joule heating. The governing boundary layer equations are transformed into a non-linear, dimensionless PDE by using a non-similar transformation. The local non-similar technique is utilized to truncate the non-similar dimensionless system up to 2nd order, which is treated as coupled ODEs. The coupled system of ODEs is solved numerically via bvp4c. The data sets are constructed numerically and then implemented by the ANN.
Investigation on the mechanical and thermal properties of metal-PLA composites fabricated by FDM
Authors: Ulkir Osman 
Published: September 2024

Purpose
The aim of this study is to investigate the printing parameters of fused deposition modeling (FDM), a material extrusion-based method, and to examine the mechanical and thermal properties of their polylactic acid (PLA) components reinforced with copper, bronze, and carbon fiber micro particles.

Design/methodology/approach
Tensile test samples were created by extruding composite filament materials using FDM-based 3D printer. Taguchi method was used to design experiments where layer thickness, infill density, and nozzle temperature were the printing variables. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to determine the effect of these variables on tensile strength.

Findings
The results of this study showed that the reinforcement of metal particles in PLA material reduces strength and increases elongation. The highest tensile strength was obtained when the layer thickness, infill density, and nozzle temperature were set to 100 µm, 60%, and 230 °C, respectively. As a result of thermal analysis, cooper-PLA showed the highest thermal resistance among metal-based PLA samples.

Originality/value
It is very important to examine the mechanical and thermal quality of parts fabricated in FDM with metal-PLA composites. In the literature, the mechanical properties of metal-reinforced composite PLA parts have been examined using different factors and levels. However, the fabrication of parts using the FDM method with four different metal-added PLA materials has not been examined before. Another unique aspect of the study is that both mechanical and thermal properties of composite materials will be examined.
Tuning and modeling cheese flavor
Authors: Luo Huabin , Akkermans Simen , Verheyen Davy , Wang Jian , Polanska Monika , Van Impe Jan F. M. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFlavor is a major sensory attribute affecting consumers’ preference for cheese products. Differences in cheesemaking change the cheese microenvironment, thereby affecting cheese flavor profiles. A framework for tuning cheese flavor is proposed in this study, which depicts the full picture of flavor development and modulation, from manufacturing and ripening factors through the main biochemical pathways to flavor compounds and flavor notes. Taking semi‐hard and hard cheeses as examples, this review describes how cheese flavor profiles are affected by milk type and applied treatment, fat and salt content, microbiota composition and microbial interactions, ripening time, temperature, and environmental humidity, together with packaging method and material. Moreover, these factors are linked to flavor profiles through their effects on proteolysis, the further catabolism of amino acids, and lipolysis. Acids, alcohols, ketones, esters, aldehydes, lactones, and sulfur compounds are key volatiles, which elicit fruity, sweet, rancid, green, creamy, pungent, alcoholic, nutty, fatty, and sweaty flavor notes, contributing to the overall flavor profiles. Additionally, this review demonstrates how data‐driven modeling techniques can link these influencing factors to resulting flavor profiles. This is done by providing a comprehensive review on the (i) identification of key factors and flavor compounds, (ii) discrimination of cheeses, and (iii) prediction of flavor notes. Overall, this review provides knowledge tools for cheese flavor modulation and sheds light on using data‐driven modeling techniques to aid cheese flavor analysis and flavor prediction.
Transplanting network pharmacology technology into food science research: A comprehensive review on uncovering food‐sourced functional factors and their health benefits
Authors: Shen Qing , Ge Lijun , Lu Weibo , Wu Huixiang , Zhang Li , Xu Jun , Tang Oushan , Muhammad Imran , Zheng Jing , Wu Yeshun , Wang Si‐Wei , Zeng Xi‐Xi , Xue Jing , Cheng Keyun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractNetwork pharmacology is an emerging interdisciplinary research method. The application of network pharmacology to reveal the nutritional effects and mechanisms of active ingredients in food is of great significance in promoting the development of functional food, facilitating personalized nutrition, and exploring the mechanisms of food health effects. This article systematically reviews the application of network pharmacology in the field of food science using a literature review method. The application progress of network pharmacology in food science is discussed, and the mechanisms of functional factors in food on the basis of network pharmacology are explored. Additionally, the limitations and challenges of network pharmacology are discussed, and future directions and application prospects are proposed. Network pharmacology serves as an important tool to reveal the mechanisms of action and health benefits of functional factors in food. It helps to conduct in‐depth research on the biological activities of individual ingredients, composite foods, and compounds in food, and assessment of the potential health effects of food components. Moreover, it can help to control and enhance their functionality through relevant information during the production and processing of samples to guarantee food safety. The application of network pharmacology in exploring the mechanisms of functional factors in food is further analyzed and summarized. Combining machine learning, artificial intelligence, clinical experiments, and in vitro validation, the achievement transformation of functional factor in food driven by network pharmacology is of great significance for the future development of network pharmacology research.
Pulsed vacuum drying of fruits, vegetables, and herbs: Principles, applications and future trends
Authors: Zhang Wei‐Peng , Chen Chang , Ju Hao‐Yu , Okaiyeto Samuel Ariyo , Sutar Parag Prakash , Yang Li‐Yi , Li Suo‐Bin , Xiao Hong‐Wei 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPulsed vacuum drying (PVD) is a novel vacuum drying method that has demonstrated significant potential in improving energy efficiency and product quality in the drying of foods and agricultural products. The current work provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest advancements in PVD technology, including its historical development, fundamental principles, and mechanistic aspects. The impact of periodic pulsed pressure changes between vacuum and atmospheric pressure on heat and moisture transfer, as well as structural changes in foods at micro‐ and macro‐scales, is thoroughly discussed. The article also highlights the influential drying parameters, the integration of novel auxiliary heaters, and the applications of PVD across various fruits, vegetables, and herbs. Furthermore, the review examines the current status and needs for mathematical modeling of PVD processes, identifying key challenges, research opportunities, and future trends for industrial application. The findings suggest that PVD not only enhances drying efficiency and reduces energy consumption but also preserves the nutritional value, color, and texture of dried products better than traditional methods. Future research should focus on optimizing process parameters and integrating advanced control systems to further improve the scalability and applicability of PVD technology in the food industry.
Gender composition at work and women's career satisfaction: An international study of 35 societies
Authors: Terpstra‐Tong Jane L. Y. , Treviño Len J. , Yaman Alara Cansu , Froese Fabian Jintae , Ralston David A. , Bozionelos Nikos , Furrer Olivier , Tjemkes Brian , León‐Darder Fidel , Li Yongjuan , Fu Pingping , Molteni Mario , Palmer Ian , Tučková Zuzana , Szabo Erna , Poeschl Gabrielle , Hemmert Martin , de la Garza Carranza María Teresa , Suzuki Satoko , Srinivasan Narasimhan , Ruiz Gutiérrez Jaime , Ricard Antonin , Buzady Zoltan , Sigala Paparella Luis , Naidoo Vik , Kangasniemi‐Haapala Maria , Dalgic Tevfik , Potocan Vojko , Fang Yongqing , Burns Calvin , Crowley‐Henry Marian , Lasio Morello Virginia , Pekerti Andre , Seyed Mehdi Shabnam , Aldousari Abdullah A. , Baltazar Herrera Maya 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDrawing from status characteristics theory, we develop a multilevel model to explain the relationships between gender composition (e.g., female‐female supervisor‐subordinate dyads, a female majority at the next higher level, and a female majority at the same job level) in the workplace and women's career satisfaction. We hypothesise that working with a female supervisor and a female majority at the same level will be negatively related to women's career satisfaction, while a female majority at the next higher level will be positively related to women's career satisfaction. Moreover, we propose that formal societal (gender‐equality) institutions and informal cultural (gender‐egalitarian) values, each has a moderating effect on the impact of gender compositions on women's career satisfaction. Our results from a multilevel analysis of 2291 women across 35 societies support the three hypothesised main effects. Whereas institutions that support gender equality weaken the positive effect of working with a female majority at the next higher level, they amplify the negative effect of a female majority at the same hierarchical level. Our findings highlight the complex and paradoxical nature of gender composition effects on women's career satisfaction. We discuss the theoretical contributions of our findings and their implications for the diversity management practices of multinational enterprises.
See you in court? The (un)intended legal consequences of corporate political connections
Authors: Hadani Michael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractResearch on corporate political connections has long focused on their strategic and financial outcomes. Yet, most of this research has avoided exploring the downstream risks associated with such connections, in particular, legal risks. The buffering nature of political connections, aimed at reducing sociopolitical uncertainty, as well as their potential to provide public policy benefits and protection, may cause politically connected firms to be more insular and less sensitive in their obligations and commitments to firm outsiders and thus be targeted for lawsuits. Exploring the S & P 1000 firms for 16 years and controlling for other aspects of political activity, across different analytical approaches, I find consistent evidence that corporate political connections are associated with lawsuits and associated with corporate‐governance‐related lawsuits. I further document that the monitoring and disciplining presence of equity blockholders moderates the association between political connections and lawsuits. The findings shed a novel light on the need to explore downstream legal risks, associated with politically connected firms, and the potential legal costs of political ties.
Zibotentan in Microvascular Angina: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial
Authors: Morrow Andrew , Young Robin , Abraham George R. , Hoole Stephen , Greenwood John P. , Arnold Jayanth Ranjit , El Shibly Mohamed , Shanmuganathan Mayooran , Ferreira Vanessa , Rakhit Roby , Galasko Gavin , Sinha Aish , Perera Divaka , Al-Lamee Rasha , Spyridopoulos Ioakim , Kotecha Ashish , Clesham Gerald , Ford Thomas J. , Davenport Anthony , Padmanabhan Sandosh , Jolly Lisa , Kellman Peter , Kaski Juan Carlos , Weir Robin A. , Sattar Naveed , Kennedy Julie , Macfarlane Peter W. , Welsh Paul , McConnachie Alex , Berry Colin ,   The PRIZE Study Group
Published: September 2024

BACKGROUND:

Microvascular angina is associated with dysregulation of the endothelin system and impairments in myocardial blood flow, exercise capacity, and health-related quality of life. The G allele of the noncoding single nucleotide polymorphism
RS9349379
enhances expression of the endothelin-1 gene (
EDN1
) in human vascular cells, potentially increasing circulating concentrations of Endothelin-1 (ET-1). Whether zibotentan, an oral
ET-A
receptor selective antagonist, is efficacious and safe for the treatment of microvascular angina is unknown.

METHODS:

Patients with microvascular angina were enrolled in this double-blind, placebo-controlled, sequential crossover trial of zibotentan (10 mg daily for 12 weeks). The trial population was enriched to ensure a G allele frequency of 50% for the
RS9349379
single nucleotide polymorphism. Participants and investigators were blinded to genotype. The primary outcome was treadmill exercise duration (seconds) using the Bruce protocol. The primary analysis estimated the mean within-participant difference in exercise duration after treatment with zibotentan versus placebo.

RESULTS:

A total of 118 participants (mean±SD; years of age 63.5 [9.2]; 71 [60.2%] females; 25 [21.2%] with diabetes) were randomized. Among 103 participants with complete data, the mean exercise duration with zibotentan treatment compared with placebo was not different (between-treatment difference, −4.26 seconds [95% CI, −19.60 to 11.06]
P
=0.5871). Secondary outcomes showed no improvement with zibotentan. Zibotentan reduced blood pressure and increased plasma concentrations of ET-1. Adverse events were more common with zibotentan (60.2%) compared with placebo (14.4%;
P
<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
Among patients with microvascular angina, short-term treatment with a relatively high dose (10 mg daily) of zibotentan was not beneficial. Target-related adverse effects were common.

REGISTRATION:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT04097314.
Mitochondrial DNA-based reassessment of Antennablennius Fowler (Blenniidae: Salariini) from the north-western Indian Ocean, with resurrection of A. persicus (Regan)
Authors: ESTEKANI SANAZ , BOGORODSKY SERGEY V. , ZAJONZ UWE , HUNDT PETER J. , SIAHSARVIE ROOHOLLAH , ALIABADIAN MANSOUR 
Published: September 2024

Seven Operational Taxonomic Units within the blenniid genus Antennablennius are recognised from the north-western Indian Ocean, based on the Cytochrome oxidase-c subunit I gene (CO1). Five of them can be referred to nominal species with certainty. Two additional distinct lineages originate from the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and the Socotra Archipelago. They were initially, morphologically, identified as A. adenensis Fraser-Brunner, 1951, yet could hitherto not be referred to this species with certainty, requiring further genetic data. Detailed descriptions accompanied by photographs are provided for six species, including A. adenensis. Antennablennius persicus (Regan, 1905) is resurrected from the synonymy of A. bifilum (Günther, 1861) and re-described based on specimens from the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf and Gulf of Oman, increasing the number of valid species in the genus to eight. The former differs from the latter species in details of morphology and coloration, supported by genetic data. A revised key to all species of the genus is included. A phylogenetic investigation of the genus based on Maximum Likelihood (ML) and Bayesian Inference (BI) analyses of the CO1 data is presented for the first time.
The Relationship of Immune Markers with Severity and Heritability of Depressive Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Hospital-Based Study from North India
Authors: Prasad Anshu , Avinash Priyaranjan , Victor Robin , Bhat Kiran 
Published: September 2024

Background: Inflammatory response plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of depression. With this background, we planned this study to see if immune markers, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) are raised in subjects with major depressive disorder (MDD) and compare its level with healthy controls and first-degree relatives of subjects. We also explored if variation in the level of these markers was related to the severity of depression. Methods: This comparative observational study included 120 subjects, who were divided into three groups of 40 individuals each.  Group 1 was the MDD group, group 2 was the healthy first-degree relative group, and group 3 was the healthy control group. All the subjects were then made to undergo estimation of IL-6 (pg/mL) and ESR (mm/h) from our hospital biochemistry lab.  The patients in group 1 were additionally screened for the severity of depression. Results: The mean IL-6 and ESR measure within the MDD group was 9.20 ± 13.40 (pg/mL) and 5.90 ± 5.35 (mm/h), respectively. We found that the mean and median values of both IL-6 and ESR were highest in the MDD group as compared to other groups, which were statistically significant ( p <0.05). A pairwise comparison found no significant difference in the IL-6 and ESR scores among the healthy controls and healthy first-degree relatives. The mean of IL-6 was highest in individuals with moderate severity of depression, while the mean of ESR was highest in individuals with severe depression. Conclusion: The immune markers, IL-6 and ESR, were significantly raised in the MDD group; however, the levels did not correlate significantly with the differential severity of the depressive disorder as per Hamilton depression rating scale (HAM-D) scores.
Interpretation Evidence for the Multidimensional Test Anxiety Scale: A Brief Report
Authors: Francis Gabrielle , von der Embse Nathaniel , Putwain David , Kim Eunsook 
Published: September 2024

Standardized testing is an integral part of the English and American education systems. However, the use of high-stakes testing has unintended consequences, one of which is test anxiety. Over the last 50 years, increased attention has been directed to developing tools to identify students experiencing test anxiety. However, many test anxiety instruments have been created for research purposes rather than use within school decision-making and lack evidence for interpretation. The purpose of the current study was to support the use of the Multidimensional Test Anxiety Scale (MTAS) in applied settings by using a latent profile analysis to identify respondent groups to support score interpretation. Participants included 918 secondary students in England.