bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interactively developed capabilities: evidence from dyadic servitization relationships
Authors: Raddats Chris , Zolkiewski Judy , Story Vicky Mary , Burton Jamie , Baines Tim , Ziaee Bigdeli Ali 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to challenge the focal firm perspective of much resource/capability research, identifying how a dyadic perspective facilitates identification of capabilities required for servitization.

Design/methodology/approach
Exploratory study consisting of seven dyadic relationships in five sectors.

Findings
An additional dimension of capabilities should be recognised; whether they are developed independently or interactively (with another actor). The following examples of interactively developed capabilities are identified: knowledge development, where partners interactively communicate to understand capabilities; service enablement, manufacturers work with suppliers and customers to support delivery of new services; service development, partners interact to optimise performance of existing services; risk management, customers work with manufacturers to manage risks of product acquisition/operation. Six propositions were developed to articulate these findings.

Research limitations/implications
Interactively developed capabilities are created when two or more actors interact to create value. Interactively developed capabilities do not just reside within one firm and, therefore, cannot be a source of competitive advantage for one firm alone. Many of the capabilities required for servitization are interactive, yet have received little research attention. The study does not provide an exhaustive list of interactively developed capabilities, but demonstrates their existence in manufacturer/supplier and manufacturer/customer dyads.

Practical implications
Manufacturers need to understand how to develop capabilities interactively to create competitive advantage and value and identify other actors with whom these capabilities can be developed.

Originality/value
Previous research has focussed on relational capabilities within a focal firm. This study extends existing theories to include interactively developed capabilities. The paper proposes that interactivity is a key dimension of actors’ complementary capabilities.
Improving retail supply flexibility using buyer-supplier relational capabilities
Authors: Obayi Raymond , Koh S.C. , Oglethorpe David , Ebrahimi Seyed M. 
Published: February 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mediating role of three important relational capabilities – absorptive capacity (AC), transactive memory systems (TMS), and organisational interoperability (OI); on the flexibility of buyer-supplier relationships and performance in retail supply chains. Drawing on the relational view of strategic management, the impact of relational capabilities on two forms of supply chain flexibility is examined – configuration flexibility (CF) for switching suppliers with minimal penalties, and planning and control flexibility (PCF) for altering supply schedules, quality, and delivery lead-time.

Design/methodology/approach
Strategic- and tactical-level managers from 211 retail stores in the UK were surveyed. The authors validated a measurement model with structural equation modelling and tested four hypotheses on the mediating role of relational capabilities on supply chain flexibility and retail performance, controlling for size, duration of relationship, and market segment.

Findings
Results showed that the three relational capabilities partially mediated the positive effect of CF and PCF on operational performance in big middle and niche retailers. Examining the interaction effect of the forms of flexibility on the relational capabilities and performance, the authors found positive interaction effects on TMS and OI but a non-significant effect on AC.

Practical implications
In addition to providing novel theoretical insights on supply chain flexibility, the findings have practical implications for supplier selection and buyer-supplier relationship management.

Originality/value
Overall, the study highlights the impacts of relational capabilities on adopted operational strategies such as flexibility, buyer-supplier relationships, and retail performance.
Three‐term inversion of prestack seismic data using a weighted l2, 1 mixed norm
Authors: Pérez Daniel O. , Velis Danilo R. , Sacchi Mauricio D. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTWe present a new inversion method to estimate, from prestack seismic data, blocky P‐ and S‐wave velocity and density images and the associated sparse reflectivity levels. The method uses the three‐term Aki and Richards approximation to linearise the seismic inversion problem. To this end, we adopt a weighted mixed l2, 1‐norm that promotes structured forms of sparsity, thus leading to blocky solutions in time. In addition, our algorithm incorporates a covariance or scale matrix to simultaneously constrain P‐ and S‐wave velocities and density. This a priori information is obtained by nearby well‐log data. We also include a term containing a low‐frequency background model. The l2, 1 mixed norm leads to a convex objective function that can be minimised using proximal algorithms. In particular, we use the fast iterative shrinkage‐thresholding algorithm. A key advantage of this algorithm is that it only requires matrix–vector multiplications and no direct matrix inversion. The latter makes our algorithm numerically stable, easy to apply, and economical in terms of computational cost. Tests on synthetic and field data show that the proposed method, contrarily to conventional l2‐ or l1‐norm regularised solutions, is able to provide consistent blocky and/or sparse estimators of P‐ and S‐wave velocities and density from a noisy and limited number of observations.
Population dynamics of wild rodents induce stochastic fadeouts of a zoonotic pathogen
Authors: Guzzetta Giorgio , Tagliapietra Valentina , Perkins Sarah E. , Hauffe Heidi C. , Poletti Piero , Merler Stefano , Rizzoli Annapaola 
Published: February 2017

SummaryStochastic processes play an important role in the infectious disease dynamics of wildlife, especially in species subject to large population oscillations.Here, we study the case of a free ranging population of yellow‐necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis) in northern Italy, where circulation of Dobrava‐Belgrade hantavirus (DOBV) has been detected intermittently since 2001, until an outbreak emerged in 2010.We analysed the transmission dynamics of the recent outbreak using a computational model that accounts for seasonal changes of the host population and territorial behaviour. Model parameters were informed by capture‐mark‐recapture data collected over 14 years and longitudinal seroprevalence data from 2010 to 2013.The intermittent observation of DOBV before 2010 can be interpreted as repeated stochastic fadeouts after multiple introductions of infectious rodents migrating from neighbouring areas. We estimated that only 20% of introductions in a naïve host population results in sustained transmission after 2 years, despite an effective reproduction number well above the epidemic threshold (mean 4·5, 95% credible intervals, CI: 0·65–15·8). Following the 2010 outbreak, DOBV has become endemic in the study area, but we predict a constant probability of about 4·7% per year that infection dies out, following large population drops in winter. In the absence of stochastic fadeout, viral prevalence is predicted to continue its growth to an oscillating equilibrium around a value of 24% (95% CI: 3–57).We presented an example of invasion dynamics of a zoonotic virus where stochastic fadeout have played a major role and may induce future extinction of the endemic infection.
Caching reduces kleptoparasitism in a solitary, large felid
Authors: Balme Guy A. , Miller Jennifer R. B. , Pitman Ross T. , Hunter Luke T. B. 
Published: February 2017

Summary

Food caching is a common strategy used by a diversity of animals, including carnivores, to store and/or secure food. Despite its prevalence, the drivers of caching behaviour, and its impacts on individuals, remain poorly understood, particularly for short‐term food cachers.
Leopards Panthera pardus exhibit a unique form of short‐term food caching, regularly hoisting, storing and consuming prey in trees. We explored the factors motivating such behaviour among leopards in the Sabi Sand Game Reserve, South Africa, associated with four not mutually exclusive hypotheses: food‐perishability, consumption‐time, resource‐pulse and kleptoparasitism‐avoidance.
Using data from 2032 prey items killed by 104 leopards from 2013 to 2015, we built generalized linear mixed models to examine how hoisting behaviour, feeding time and the likelihood of a kill being kleptoparasitized varied with leopard sex and age, prey size and vulnerability, vegetation, elevation, climate, and the immediate and long‐term risk posed by dominant competitors.
Leopards hoisted 51% of kills. They were more likely to hoist kills of an intermediate size, outside of a resource pulse and in response to the presence of some competitors. Hoisted kills were also fed on for longer than non‐hoisted kills. At least 21% of kills were kleptoparasitized, mainly by spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta. Kills were more likely to be kleptoparasitized at lower temperatures and if prey were larger, not hoisted, and in areas where the risk of encountering hyaenas was greatest. Female leopards that suffered higher rates of kleptoparasitism exhibited lower annual reproductive success than females that lost fewer kills.
Our results strongly support the kleptoparasitism‐avoidance hypothesis and suggest hoisting is a key adaptation that enables leopards to coexist sympatrically with high densities of competitors. We further argue that leopards may select smaller‐sized prey than predicted by optimal foraging theory, to balance trade‐offs between kleptoparasitic losses and the energetic gains derived from killing larger prey.
Although caching may provide the added benefits of delaying food perishability and enabling consumption over an extended period, the behaviour primarily appears to be a strategy for leopards, and possibly other short‐term cachers, to reduce the risks of kleptoparasitism.
Range shifting species reduce phylogenetic diversity in high latitude communities via competition
Authors: Fitt Robert N. L. , Lancaster Lesley T. 
Published: February 2017

Summary

Under anthropogenic climate change, many species are expanding their ranges to higher latitudes and altitudes, resulting in novel species interactions. The consequences of these range shifts for native species, patterns of local biodiversity and community structure in high latitude ecosystems are largely unknown but critical to understand in light of widespread poleward expansions by many warm‐adapted generalists.

Using niche modelling, phylogenetic methods, and field and laboratory studies, we investigated how colonization of Scotland by a range expanding damselfly, Ischnura elegans, influences patterns of competition and niche shifts in native damselfly species, and changes in phylogenetic community structure.

Colonization by I. elegans was associated with reduced population density and niche shifts in the resident species least related to I. elegans (Lestes sponsa), reflecting enhanced competition. Furthermore, communities colonized by I. elegans exhibited phylogenetic underdispersion, reflecting patterns of relatedness and competition.

Our results provide a novel example of a potentially general mechanism whereby climate change‐mediated range shifts can reduce phylogenetic diversity within high latitude communities, if colonizing species are typically competitively superior to members of native communities that are least‐closely related to the colonizer.
Combining Internet‐Based and Postal Survey Methods in a Survey among Gynecologists: Results of a Randomized Trial
Authors: Ernst Sinja Alexandra , Brand Tilman , Lhachimi Stefan K. , Zeeb Hajo 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo assess whether a combination of Internet‐based and postal survey methods (mixed‐mode) compared to postal‐only survey methods (postal‐only) leads to improved response rates in a physician survey, and to compare the cost implications of the different recruitment strategies.Data Sources/Study SettingAll primary care gynecologists in Bremen and Lower Saxony, Germany, were invited to participate in a cross‐sectional survey from January to July 2014.Study DesignThe sample was divided into two strata (A; B) depending on availability of an email address. Within each stratum, potential participants were randomly assigned to mixed‐mode or postal‐only group.Principal FindingsIn Stratum A, the mixed‐mode group had a lower response rate compared to the postal‐only group (12.5 vs. 20.2 percent; RR = 0.61, 95 percent CI: 0.44–0.87). In stratum B, no significant differences were found (15.6 vs. 16.2 percent; RR = 0.95, 95 percent CI: 0.62–1.44). Total costs (in €) per valid questionnaire returned (Stratum A: 399.72 vs. 248.85; Stratum B: 496.37 vs. 455.15) and per percentage point of response (Stratum A: 1,379.02 vs. 861.02; Stratum B 1,116.82 vs. 1,024.09) were higher, whereas variable costs were lower in mixed‐mode compared to the respective postal‐only groups (Stratum A cost ratio: 0.47, Stratum B cost ratio: 0.71).ConclusionsIn this study, primary care gynecologists were more likely to participate by traditional postal‐only than by mixed‐mode survey methods that first offered an Internet option. However, the lower response rate for the mixed‐mode method may be partly due to the older age structure of the responding gynecologists. Variable costs per returned questionnaire were substantially lower in mixed‐mode groups and indicate the potential for cost savings if the sample population is sufficiently large.
Payer Type and Low‐Value Care: Comparing Choosing Wisely Services across Commercial and Medicare Populations
Authors: Colla Carrie H. , Morden Nancy E. , Sequist Thomas D. , Mainor Alexander J. , Li Zhonghe , Rosenthal Meredith B. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo compare low‐value health service use among commercially insured and Medicare populations and explore the influence of payer type on the provision of low‐value care.Data Sources2009–2011 national Medicare and commercial insurance administrative data.DesignWe created claims‐based algorithms to measure seven Choosing Wisely‐identified low‐value services and examined the correlation between commercial and Medicare overuse overall and at the regional level. Regression models explored associations between overuse and regional characteristics.MethodsWe created measures of early imaging for back pain, vitamin D screening, cervical cancer screening over age 65, prescription opioid use for migraines, cardiac testing in asymptomatic patients, short‐interval repeat bone densitometry (DXA), preoperative cardiac testing for low‐risk surgery, and a composite of these.Principal FindingsPrevalence of four services was similar across the insurance‐defined groups. Regional correlation between Medicare and commercial overuse was high (correlation coefficient = 0.540–0.905) for all measures. In both groups, similar region‐level factors were associated with low‐value care provision, especially total Medicare spending and ratio of specialists to primary care physicians.ConclusionsLow‐value care appears driven by factors unrelated to payer type or anticipated reimbursement. These findings suggest the influence of local practice patterns on care without meaningful discrimination by payer type.
Impact of Provider Competition under Global Budgeting on the Use of Cesarean Delivery
Authors: Chen Bradley , Chen Chin‐Shyan , Liu Tsai‐Ching 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveTo examine the impact of provider competition under global budgeting on the use of cesarean delivery in Taiwan.Data Sources/Study Setting(1) Quarterly inpatient claims data of all clinics and hospitals with birth‐related expenses from 2000 to 2008; (2) file of health facilities’ basic characteristics; and (3) regional quarterly point values (price conversion index) for clinics and hospitals, respectively, from the fourth quarter in 1999 to the third quarter in 2008, from the Statistics of the National Health Insurance Administration.Study DesignPanel data of quarterly facility‐level cesarean delivery rates with provider characteristics, birth volumes, and regional point values are analyzed with the fractional response model to examine the effect of external price changes on provider behavior in birth delivery services.Principal FindingsThe decline in de facto prices of health services as a result of noncooperative competition under global budgeting is associated with an increase in cesarean delivery rates, with a high degree of response heterogeneity across different types of provider facilities.ConclusionsWhile global budgeting is an effective cost containment tool, intensified financial pressures may lead to unintended consequences of compromised quality due to a shift in provider practice in pursuit of financial rewards.
Imperfect Accounting and Reporting Bias
Authors: FANG VIVIAN W. , HUANG ALLEN H. , WANG WENYU 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACTErrors and bias are both inherent features of accounting. In theory, while errors discourage bias by lowering the value relevance of accounting, they can also facilitate bias by providing camouflage. Consistent with theory, we find a hump‐shaped relation between a firm's propensity to engage in intentional misstatement and the prevalence of unintentional misstatements in the firm's industry for the whole economy and a majority of the industries. The result is robust to using firms’ number of items in financial statements and exposure to complex accounting rules as alternative proxies for errors and to using the restatement amount in net income to quantify the magnitude of bias and errors. To directly test for the two effects of errors, we show that when errors are more prevalent, the market reacts less to firms’ earnings surprises and bias is more difficult to detect. Our results highlight the imperfectness of accounting, advance understanding of firms’ reporting incentives, and shed light on accounting standard setting.
Divergent methylation pattern in adult stage between two forms ofTetranychus urticae(Acari: Tetranychidae)
Authors: Yang Si‐Xia , Guo Chao , Zhao Xiu‐Ting , Sun Jing‐Tao , Hong Xiao‐Yue 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe two‐spotted spider mite,Tetranychus urticaeKoch has two forms: green form and red form. Understanding the molecular basis of how these two forms established without divergent genetic background is an intriguing area. As a well‐known epigenetic process, DNA methylation has particularly important roles in gene regulation and developmental variation across diverse organisms that do not alter genetic background. Here, to investigate whether DNA methylation could be associated with different phenotypic consequences in the two forms ofT. urticae, we surveyed the genome‐wide cytosine methylation status and expression level of DNA methyltransferase 3 (Tudnmt3) throughout their entire life cycle. Methylation‐sensitive amplification polymorphism (MSAP) analyses of 585 loci revealed variable methylation patterns in the different developmental stages. In particular, principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) indicates a significant epigenetic differentiation between female adults of the two forms. The gene expression ofTudnmt3was detected in all examined developmental stages, which was significantly different in the adult stage of the two forms. Together, our results reveal the epigenetic distance between the two forms ofT. urticae, suggesting that DNA methylation might be implicated in different developmental demands, and contribute to different phenotypes in the adult stage of these two forms.
Effects of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in the treatment of liver cirrhosis caused by autoimmune diseases
Authors: Liang Jun , Zhang Huayong , Zhao Cheng , Wang Dandan , Ma Xiaolei , Zhao Shengnan , Wang Shiying , Niu Lingying , Sun Lingyun 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimThere has been great interest in recent years to take advantage of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to treat end‐stage liver disease. This study is aimed to evaluate clinical therapeutic effects of allogeneic MSC transplantation in liver cirrhosis caused by autoimmune diseases.MethodsThe enrolled patients with liver cirrhosis were assigned to receive allogeneic MSC infusions through a peripheral vein. The primary objective of this study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of MSCT in patients with autoimmune diseases‐induced cirrhosis. Secondary endpoints were to assess changes in the Models of End Stage Liver Disease (MELD) scores and liver functions after the transplantation.ResultsA total of 26 patients were enrolled. Of these, 23 patients received umbilical cord MSCT, two received cord blood MSCT and one received bone marrow MSCT. Three patents died of the complications caused by cirrhosis and two patients received liver transplantation after MSCT. Four patients were lost to follow‐up. The mean of alanine transaminase values decreased 6 months, 1 and 2 years after the transplantation, but there were no statistical significance. The mean value of total bilirubin decreased at 6 months and 1 year follow‐up. Average serum albumin levels improved at 6 months, 1 and 2 years follow‐up. The mean value at 2 years increased significantly compared with the baseline value. A lowering of prothrombin time was seen at 6 months after MSCT. MELD score improved at 6 months, 1 and 2 years of follow‐up. No serious adverse events were observed during or 24 h after infusions of MSCs in any of the 26 patients with liver cirrhosis.ConclusionBased on this clinical trial, allogeneic MSCT through the peripheral vein probably is safe and seemingly has beneficial effect in patients with liver cirrhosis. Therefore, allogeneic MSCT is a potential option for treatment of liver cirrhosis caused by autoimmune diseases. Further studies with higher numbers of patients are warranted to better clarify the impact and mechanisms of MSCT in liver cirrhosis.
Unravelling thyroid dysfunction in rheumatoid arthritis: History matters
Authors: Anoop Joseph , Geetha Francis , Jyothi Idiculla , Rekha Pradeep , Shobha Vineeta 
Published: February 2017

AbstractAimAutoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) frequently coexists with other systemic autoimmune conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Due to the overlapping and nonspecific nature of symptoms, it is difficult to clinically uncover thyroidal illnesses in RA patients. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction including the presence of anti‐thyroid peroxidase (antiTPO) autoantibodies in patients with RA and to analyze symptomatology of thyroid dysfunction in patients diagnosed with RA.MethodologyThis cross‐sectional, prospective study was conducted on 100 patients with RA, attending the Rheumatology Outpatient Department at St John's Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore, India.ResultsTwenty‐two patients had biochemical evidence of thyroid dysfunction, hypothyroidism being the commonest (15/22 patients). Although fatigue and hair loss were the most common symptoms, only weight gain and cold intolerance were found to be statistically significant (P < 0.05) predictors of hypothyroidism and 32 patients were antiTPO positive. It was observed that equal numbers of patients developed hypothyroidism after diagnosis of RA and vice versa.ConclusionHistory taking at the bedside to elicit symptoms, especially weight gain and cold intolerance, is quintessential to ensure timely diagnosis of hypothyroidism.