bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hydro-galvanic and rising - temperature bath therapy for chronic elbow epicondylitis: a comparative study
Authors: Mucha C. 
Published: June 2017

The efficacy of two different regimens of physiotherapy for epicondylitis was compared. A combination treatment with hydrogalvanic four-cell bath and arm bath with rising temperature, which had showed good effects in treatment of tennis elbow in an earlier observational study (Mucha 1987), was compared with the analgesic interference current treatment often recommended in the literature (Sadil and Sadil 1994, Noteboom et al 1994, Becker and Reuter 1982). For this study, 60 patients with epicondylitis that was resistant to conservative treatment were randomized into two groups for comparison. In group 1, interference currents were administered twice a day for six weeks and group 2 received combination treatment with the hydrogalvanic four-cell bath and rising- temperature arm bath once a day for six weeks. Criteria for inclusion, control and appraisal were laid down prospectively. Several parameters were used, recorded and statistically evaluated as outcome measures. These were active joint range of movement of the elbow, grip strength, pain provocation with muscle contraction, palpation pain and pain with functional activities. The results showed a significant superiority of combination treatment over therapy with interference current. It is therefore recommended that hydrogalvanic four-cell bath and arm bath with rising temperature should be carried out before considering surgical treatment for chronic epicondylitis.
Widening access of black students into physiotherapy programmes in the South Africa
Authors: Mbambo N. P. 
Published: June 2017

Access to learning and the provision of equal opportunities for success and progression to the previously disadvantaged communities is addressed extensively in the Education White Paper 3. While historically white universities have invested some effort to diversify the racial composition of their students, physiotherapy departments at these universities do not reflect a change in student demographics. The purpose of this article is to address the concept of widening access into physiotherapy education within the context of transformation in higher education. The article examines the history of education in the past dispensation, the policies that have been put in place to redress the educational inequalities caused by the past dispensation and makes suggestions as to how universities can react to them. The literature that has examined the relationship between entry requirements and the success of students within the chosen profession is also outlined. The article concludes with recommendations for a way forward for physiotherapy in addressing some of the issues related to student selection.
Reactions to sexual harassment of the physiotherapist
Authors: Bütow-Dûtoit L. , Eksteen C.A. , De Waal M. 
Published: June 2017

This paper follows on a previous paper describing a studyconducted on sexual harassment in the physiotherapy work environment inSouth Africa. A survey questionnaire was used to determine the reactions ofphysiotherapists after they experienced their worst incidents of sexualharassment. The most common method of handling the sexual harassmentwas to avoid the perpetrator or situation. The most common effects relatedto work performance after the sexual harassment had occurred, were adecrease in concentration, job pleasure and confidence in job performanceand the most common emotional effect experienced was anger.
Activity limitations of patients with stroke attending out-patient facilities in the Western Cape, South Africa
Authors: Rhoda A. , Mpofu R. , De Weerdt W. 
Published: June 2017

A stroke can affect individuals at the levels of impairment, activity and participation. The aim of this study is to determine the activity limitations of stroke patients receiving rehabilitation at out-patient Community health Centres (ChCs). A longitudinal observational study was conducted. Activity limitations were measured using the Rivermead Motor Assessment Scale, the Barthel Index and the nottingham extended Activities of Daily living scale (neADl). The study population consisted of 100 patients with stroke consecutively admitted to the Community health Centres for therapy. The data was analysed using inferential and descriptive statistics. The majority of the participants were not able to climb stairs, travel on public transport, wash dishes, do washing, do household chores and shopping, socialize and manage the garden at six months post stroke. A significant improvement was noted in the ability of the participants to perform basic activities of daily living between baseline and two months, but not between two and six months. There was however a significant improvement in their ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living between two and six months. Although the participants were able to perform basic activities of daily living enabling them to be independent in their homes, they were unable to perform instrumental activities of daily living which limited their functioning in the community. There is a need for therapists to include activities which could facilitate re-integration into the community in their rehabilitation of patients with stroke.
Injury profile of musicians in the Bloemfontein-based Free State symphony orchestra: a short report
Authors: Barnes R. , Attwood H. , Blom J. , Jankielsohn S. , Janse van Rensburg W. , Smith T. , Van Ede L. , Nel M. 
Published: June 2017

Similar to professional athletes, musicians are required to perform optimally. Few studies have been conducted to clarify the nature of injuries associated with musicians. This study aimed to determine the types of injuries and their prevalence amongst the musicians of the Free State Symphony orchestra (FSSo), contributing factors, the musicians’ response to injury, and their perception of physiotherapy. Forty-five members of the FSSO participated in this descriptive study. Analysis of data included frequencies and percentages for categorical data and percentiles for continuous data. Thirty-eight (84.4%) participants reported injuries related to playing their instruments. Insufficient resting periods during playing sessions (70.3%), continuing to play while experiencing symptoms (63.2%) and performing the same movement repetitively (64.9%) were identified as the perceived risk factors in the development of symptoms. Seventeen (44.7%) participants indicated that they did nothing to relieve their symptoms, while 34.2% sought physiotherapy treatment, 31.6% took medication to alleviate their symptoms and 31.6% reduced their playing hours. Majority of participants (75%) felt that their symptoms could be relieved by physiotherapy. Injuries amongst musicians result from a combination of factors such as posture, repetitive movements and fatigue. Possible physiotherapeutic intervention identified included educating musicians on the advantages of early management of injuries in extending their professional careers.
Evaluating simplified methods for liquefaction assessment for loss estimation
Authors: Kongar Indranil , Rossetto Tiziana , Giovinazzi Sonia 
Published: June 2017

Abstract. Currently, some catastrophe models used by the insurance industry account for liquefaction by applying a simple factor to shaking-induced losses. The factor is based only on local liquefaction susceptibility and this highlights the need for a more sophisticated approach to incorporating the effects of liquefaction in loss models. This study compares 11 unique models, each based on one of three principal simplified liquefaction assessment methods: liquefaction potential index (LPI) calculated from shear-wave velocity, the HAZUS software method and a method created specifically to make use of USGS remote sensing data. Data from the September 2010 Darfield and February 2011 Christchurch earthquakes in New Zealand are used to compare observed liquefaction occurrences to forecasts from these models using binary classification performance measures. The analysis shows that the best-performing model is the LPI calculated using known shear-wave velocity profiles, which correctly forecasts 78 % of sites where liquefaction occurred and 80 % of sites where liquefaction did not occur, when the threshold is set at 7. However, these data may not always be available to insurers. The next best model is also based on LPI but uses shear-wave velocity profiles simulated from the combination of USGS VS30 data and empirical functions that relate VS30 to average shear-wave velocities at shallower depths. This model correctly forecasts 58 % of sites where liquefaction occurred and 84 % of sites where liquefaction did not occur, when the threshold is set at 4. These scores increase to 78 and 86 %, respectively, when forecasts are based on liquefaction probabilities that are empirically related to the same values of LPI. This model is potentially more useful for insurance since the input data are publicly available. HAZUS models, which are commonly used in studies where no local model is available, perform poorly and incorrectly forecast 87 % of sites where liquefaction occurred, even at optimal thresholds. This paper also considers two models (HAZUS and EPOLLS) for estimation of the scale of liquefaction in terms of permanent ground deformation but finds that both models perform poorly, with correlations between observations and forecasts lower than 0.4 in all cases. Therefore these models potentially provide negligible additional value to loss estimation analysis outside of the regions for which they have been developed.
Uso de plantas medicinais por idosos da atenção primária
Authors: Szerwieski Laura Ligiana Dias , Garcia Cortez Diógenes Aparício , Bennemann Rose Mari , Silva Eraldo Schunk , Cortez Lucia Elaine Ranieri 
Published: June 2017

Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar o uso de plantas medicinais por idosos usuários da atenção primária. Caracterizou-se como um estudo transversal, correlacional, analítico e descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. Realizado no oeste do Paraná, em 2016. Foram aplicados 252 questionários aos idosos, contendo informações sociodemográficas e questões relacionadas ao uso de plantas medicinais. Os resultados evidenciaram que 72,22% dos idosos utilizam plantas, entre as mais citadas destacam-se a Hortelã, Cidreira, Boldo e Alecrim. Referem utilizar por ser melhor para curar, gostam mais e não faz mal. Dado discordante quanto às indicações, sendo que 36,81% não indicam por medo de causar malefício. Quanto à toxicidade relataram efeitos adversos que não são apresentados por literatura científica. Ressalta-se a importância de uma orientação correta quanto à toxicidades de algumas plantas, bem como seus benefícios, e a importância do enfermeiro neste contexto já que atua como um promotor da saúde.
Prospective, Randomized, Multicenter, Controlled Trial (TRIATHRON 1) on a New Antithrombogenic Hydrophilic Dialysis Membrane
Authors: Ronco Claudio , Brendolan Alessandra , Nalesso Federico , Zanella Monica , De Cal Massimo , Corradi Valentina , Virzì Grazia M. , Ferrari Fiorenza , Garzotto Francesco , Lorenzin Anna , Karopadi Aakash N. , Sartori Marco , De Rosa Silvia , Samoni Sara , Husain-Syed Faeq , Spinelli Alessandra , Neri Mauro , Villa Gianluca , Alghisi Alberta 
Published: June 2017

Introduction Hemodialysis treatment requires anticoagulation to prevent thrombosis of the dialyzer. The Hydrolink® (NV series; Toray) has been designed to reduce thrombotic complications by increasing membrane hydrophilic properties. Previous studies have confirmed reduced platelet activation, improved removal of β2-microglobulin and excellent small-solute removal. Methods We designed a prospective, multi-centered, randomized clinical study to compare the antithrombogenic effects (platelet count) of NV dialyzers versus conventional treatment. To compare the possibility of performing heparin-free dialysis, we carried out progressive heparin reduction tests. Patients with an average platelet count lower than 170,000 cells/mm3 using standard high flux membranes in the 6 months prior to the study were enrolled and randomized. Patients were either dialyzed for 6 months without changing the previous membrane (control group) or treated with the Hydrolink® membrane (NV group). After the third week, the heparin reduction test was conducted for 5 weeks in order to assess the minimum amount of anticoagulant needed to safely perform a 4-hour dialysis treatment. Performance and safety were evaluated measuring platelet count and activation, middle-molecule removal rate and nutritional status. Results We found no significant difference in platelet count, platelet activation factors β-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 (PF-4), between the groups. More patients in the study group reached heparin-free dialysis without clotting events during the heparin reduction test. The NV dialyzers displayed anti-thrombogenic effects as compared to conventional dialyzers. Conclusions The NV dialyzer series is safe with no adverse events reported. Further studies are required to understand the mechanisms of anti-thrombogenic effects.
Soukromé hodiny doučování na středních školách: diagnóza a směry dalšího výzkumu
Authors: Štastný Vít 
Published: June 2017

Cílem studie je provést „diagnózu“ (poskytnout základní deskriptivní informace o podobě a charakteru) soukromých hodin doučování využívaných studenty středních škol, diskutovat jejich implikace pro formální vzdělávací systém a na základě toho navrhnout další možné směry výzkumu. V první části autor vymezuje základní pojmy a přináší informace o soukromých hodinách v komparativní perspektivě. Druhá část popisuje smíšený design výzkumu, který sestával z kvantitativního dotazníkového šetření studentů maturitních ročníků (n = 1265) a kvalitativníchhloubkových rozhovorů se soukromými doučujícími (n = 22). Ve třetí části jsou prezentována zjištění týkající se míry využívání soukromých hodin doučování, nejčastěji doučovaných předmětů, organizační formy soukromých hodin, intenzity či poskytovatelů. Výsledky výzkumu naznačují úzkou spojitost soukromých hodin s formálním vzdělávacím systémem. Učitelé běžných škol tvoří významnou skupinu poskytovatelů soukromého doučování a toto zjištění se úzce dotýká otázek učitelské profesní etiky.
To see or not to see: Profesní vidění budoucích učitelů anglického jazyka a budoucích učitelů pro 1. stupeň se specializací na anglický jazyk
Authors: Uličná Klára 
Published: June 2017

Cílem empirické studie je prozkoumat profesní vidění budoucích učitelů anglického jazyka. Pozornost je věnována především tomu, jakých doménově obecných i doménově specifických jevů si studenti učitelství všímají, ovšem sledována je také oblast uvažování založeného na vědění, tedy jak nad identifikovanými jevy přemýšlejí. Zaměřujeme se na rozdíl povahy vybraných aspektů profesního vidění mezi budoucími učiteli anglického jazyka pro 2. stupeň základní školy a střední školy a budoucími učiteli pro 1. stupeň se specializací na anglický jazyk. V první části textu vymezíme koncept profesního vidění v kontextu přípravného vzdělávání učitelů. Další část je věnována samotnému výzkumnému šetření, a to obsahové analýze nestrukturovaných reflexí studentů pořízených na základě sledování videozáznamu stejné výuky anglického jazyka na základní škole. Výsledky studie naznačují, že mezi studenty učitelství anglického jazyka pro 2. stupeň základní školy a střední školy (AJ2) a budoucími učiteli pro 1. stupeň se specializací na anglický jazyk (AJ1) je statisticky signifikantní rozdíl ve všímání si kategorie žák. Tato kategorie je následně podrobena hlubší analýze s cílem odhalit, v jakých aspektech se obě zkoumané skupiny studentů liší. Ukazuje se, že se tak děje především ve věnování pozornosti oborovým a oborovědidaktickým aspektům výuky (AJ2) a klimatu třídy (AJ1) a v uvažování nad viděným prostřednictvím hodnocení (AJ1) a interpretace (AJ2).
Arctic decadal variability in a warming world
Authors: van der Linden Eveline C. , Bintanja Richard , Hazeleger Wilco 
Published: May 2017

AbstractNatural decadal variability of surface air temperature might obscure Arctic temperature trends induced by anthropogenic forcing. It is therefore imperative to know how Arctic decadal variability (ADV) will change as the climate warms. In this study, we evaluate ADV characteristics in three equilibrium climates with present‐day, double, and quadrupled atmospheric CO2 forcing. The dominant region of variability, which is located over the Barents and Greenland Sea at present, shifts to the central Arctic and Siberian regions as the climate warms. The maximum variability in sea ice cover and surface air temperature occurs in the CO2 doubling climate when sea ice becomes more vulnerable to melt over vast stretches of the Arctic. Furthermore, the links between dominant atmospheric circulation modes and Arctic surface climate characteristics vary strongly with climate change. For instance, a positive Arctic Oscillation index is associated with a colder Arctic in warmer climates, instead of a warmer Arctic at present. Such changing relationships are partly related to the retreat of sea ice because altered wind patterns influence the sea ice distribution and hence the associated local surface fluxes. The atmospheric pressure distributions governing ADV and the associated large‐scale dynamics also change with climate warming. The changing character of the ADV shows that it is vital to consider (changes in) ADV when addressing Arctic warming in climate model projections.
VIIRS day/night band radiometric calibration stability monitoring using the Moon
Authors: Wang Zhipeng , Xiong Xiaoxiong , Fulbright Jon , Lei Ning 
Published: May 2017

AbstractThe Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is a passive scanning spectroradiometer on board the Suomi‐NPP satellite. It has 22 spectral bands including the day/night band (DNB), which is a panchromatic reflective solar band (RSB) covering a wavelength range of 500–900 nm. Similar to other RSBs, the radiometric calibration of the DNB is in reference to the sunlight reflected from an onboard solar diffuser (SD). As an independent validation to the SD measurement, lunar calibration has been regularly scheduled at nearly constant lunar phase. In this paper, the lunar calibration strategies developed for RSB are extended to DNB. The on‐orbit gain coefficient, or the so‐called F factor, is derived for DNB low‐gain stage (LGS) from lunar data for each lunar calibration event. Its on‐orbit change is compared with the change of the LGS SD F factor. For more accurate comparison, the impact of the on‐orbit relative spectral responses (RSR) change, caused by the wavelength‐dependent degradation of the optical throughput of VIIRS telescope mirrors, must be considered. This impact is more significant for DNB than other RSBs because of its wider bandwidth, and the impact to the SD and lunar calibrations are different due to different scene spectra. Simulation results show a gradually increased deviation of 1% between SD and lunar trends since launch till now and 0.3% deviation since 2 April 2012 lunar calibration, when the lunar F factor was firstly calculated, till now. Taking this effect into account, the on‐orbit changes of the SD F factor and lunar F factor agree with each other in less than 0.3%. Our results validate the stability of the DNB SD calibration while demonstrating how the on‐orbit RSR change should be considered in the radiometric calibration and data usage.
The structure of terrestrial bodies: Impact heating, corotation limits, and synestias
Authors: Lock Simon J. , Stewart Sarah T. 
Published: May 2017

AbstractDuring accretion, terrestrial bodies attain a wide range of thermal and rotational states, which are accompanied by significant changes in physical structure (size, shape, pressure and temperature profile, etc.). However, variations in structure have been neglected in most studies of rocky planet formation and evolution. Here we present a new code, the Highly Eccentric Rotating Concentric U (potential) Layers Equilibrium Structure (HERCULES) code, that solves for the equilibrium structure of planets as a series of overlapping constant‐density spheroids. Using HERCULES and a smoothed particle hydrodynamics code, we show that Earth‐like bodies display a dramatic range of morphologies. For any rotating planetary body, there is a thermal limit beyond which the rotational velocity at the equator intersects the Keplerian orbital velocity. Beyond this corotation limit (CoRoL), a hot planetary body forms a structure, which we name a synestia, with a corotating inner region connected to a disk‐like outer region. By analyzing calculations of giant impacts and models of planet formation, we show that typical rocky planets are substantially vaporized multiple times during accretion. For the expected angular momentum of growing planets, a large fraction of post‐impact bodies will exceed the CoRoL and form synestias. The common occurrence of hot, rotating states during accretion has major implications for planet formation and the properties of the final planets. In particular, the structure of post‐impact bodies influences the physical processes that control accretion, core formation, and internal evolution. Synestias also lead to new mechanisms for satellite formation. Finally, the wide variety of possible structures for terrestrial bodies also expands the mass‐radius range for rocky exoplanets.
Mapping exposure to particulate pollution during severe haze episode using improved MODIS AOT‐PM10 regression model with synoptic meteorology classification
Authors: Leelasakultum Ketsiri , Kim Oanh Nguyen Thi 
Published: May 2017

AbstractSevere smoke haze from biomass burning is frequently observed in Northern Thailand during dry months of February–April. Sparsely located monitoring stations operated in this vast mountainous region could not provide sufficient particulate matter (PM) data for exposure risk assessment. Satellite aerosol optical thickness (AOT) data could be used, but their reliable relationship with ground‐based PM data should be first established. This study aimed to improve the regression model between PM10 and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer AOT with consideration of synoptic patterns to better assess the exposure risk in the area. Among four synoptic patterns, each representing the totality of meteorology governing Northern Thailand on a given day, most severe haze days belonged to pattern 2 that featured conditions of clear sky, stagnant air, and high PM10 levels. AOT‐24 h PM10 regression model for pattern 2 had coefficient of determination improved to 0.51 from 0.39 of combined case. Daily exposure maps to PM10 in most severe haze period of February–April 2007 were produced for Chiangmai, the largest and most populated province in Northern Thailand. Regression model for pattern 2 was used to convert 24 h PM10 ranges of modified risk scale to corresponding AOT ranges, and the mapping was done using spatially continuous AOT values. The highest exposure risk to PM10 was shown in urban populated areas. Larger numbers of forest fire hot spots and more calm winds were observed on the days of higher exposure risk. Early warning and adequate health care plan are necessary to reduce exposure risk to future haze episodes in the area.