bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adjunct Histamine Blockers as Premedications to Prevent Carboplatin Hypersensitivity Reactions
Authors: Mach Claire M. , Lapp Elisabeth A. , Weddle Kellie J. , Hunter Rodney J. , Burns Kimberly A. , Parker Crystal , Brown Jubilee , Smith Judith A. 
Published: March 2016

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of premedications given as an adjunct to carboplatin on the incidence of hypersensitivity reactions in women with ovarian cancer. Medications of interest include a histamine1 (H1) and histamine2 (H2) blocker in addition to dexamethasone.MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review evaluating the addition of an H1 and H2 blocker in addition to dexamethasone as standard premedications on the incidence of carboplatin hypersensitivity reactions (CHRs) in women with ovarian cancer.Main ResultsThe odds ratio for premedication use was 0.46 with a 95% confidence interval (0.17–1.27), suggesting that patients with premedication use had approximately half the risk of CHR compared with patients without premedication. The overall incidence of CHRs decreased from 7.9% at baseline to 3.2% after the addition of premedications. The incidence of CHRs was 5.2% in 58 patients with recurrent or progressive disease compared with 2.1% in 96 newly diagnosed patients. Lifetime dose greater than 3377 mg, number of cycles more than six, and progressive or recurrent disease were predictive factors of CHR in women with ovarian cancer.Principal ConclusionsTotal lifetime exposure to carboplatin remains the greatest predictive factor of CHR in women with ovarian cancer. Although data analysis indicates the addition of premedications for all ovarian cancer patients receiving carboplatin did not result in a statistically significant reduction in CHRs, a patient benefit in CHR reduction was observed. A prospective study is needed to confirm these findings.
Lipid‐derived monomer and corresponding bio‐based nanocomposites
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Huang Liliang , Ullah Aman 
Published: March 2016

AbstractFatty acid based monomer and corresponding hybrid polymer layered silicate nanocomposites have successfully been prepared by using in situ polymerizations. The hybrid materials were prepared by adding different ratios of nanoclay during free radical homopolymerization of 2‐(acryloyloxy)ethyl stearate (AOES) monomer and copolymerization of AOES with styrene. AOES monomer was synthesized by treating stearic acid with 2‐hydroxyethyl acrylate. The formation of AOES monomer, homopolymer and copolymer was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. Further analysis and characterization of the nanocomposites were carried out by XRD, transmission electron microscopy, AFM and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. TGA of the polymer nanocomposites was also carried out to evaluate their thermal stability, while flammability tests were conducted to investigate the effect of layered silicate on flame retardancy. Nanofiller addition into the polymer matrix substantially improved the thermal properties and fire retardancy of the composites. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Synthesis, characterizations, and electrochromic properties of donor–acceptor type polymers containing 2, 1, 3‐benzothiadiazole and different thiophene donors
Authors: Yijie Tao , Kai Zhang , Zhaoyang Zhang , Haifeng Cheng , Chunlin Jiao , Yulei Zhao 
Published: March 2016

ABSTRACTThree donor–acceptor type π‐conjugated monomers containing 2, 1, 3‐benzothiadiazole (Tz) as the acceptor unit and different thiophene derivatives (thiophene, 3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene, and thieno[3,2‐b]thiophene) as the donor units have been synthesized via Stille coupling reaction. The corresponding polymers are electrochemically deposited onto FTO glass by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The maximum absorption wavelength of the neutral polymers varies with the electron‐rich character of incorporated thiophene moieties, giving rise to tunable colors. In addition, the prepared polymer films demonstrate reasonable transmittance modulation, fast switching rate, high color efficiency and good stability, which meet the requirements of smart windows and electrochromic display applications. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016, 54, 2239–2246
The impact of crystallization conditions on structure‐based drug design: A case study on the methylene blue/acetylcholinesterase complex
Authors: Dym Orly , Song Wanling , Felder Clifford , Roth Esther , Shnyrov Valery , Ashani Yacov , Xu Yechun , Joosten Robbie P. , Weiner Lev , Sussman Joel L. , Silman Israel 
Published: March 2016

AbstractStructure‐based drug design utilizes apoprotein or complex structures retrieved from the PDB. >57% of crystallographic PDB entries were obtained with polyethylene glycols (PEGs) as precipitant and/or as cryoprotectant, but <6% of these report presence of individual ethyleneglycol oligomers. We report a case in which ethyleneglycol oligomers' presence in a crystal structure markedly affected the bound ligand's position. Specifically, we compared the positions of methylene blue and decamethonium in acetylcholinesterase complexes obtained using isomorphous crystals precipitated with PEG200 or ammonium sulfate. The ligands' positions within the active‐site gorge in complexes obtained using PEG200 are influenced by presence of ethyleneglycol oligomers in both cases bound to W84 at the gorge's bottom, preventing interaction of the ligand's proximal quaternary group with its indole. Consequently, both ligands are ∼3.0Å further up the gorge than in complexes obtained using crystals precipitated with ammonium sulfate, in which the quaternary groups make direct π‐cation interactions with the indole. These findings have implications for structure‐based drug design, since data for ligand‐protein complexes with polyethylene glycol as precipitant may not reflect the ligand's position in its absence, and could result in selecting incorrect drug discovery leads. Docking methylene blue into the structure obtained with PEG200, but omitting the ethyleneglycols, yields results agreeing poorly with the crystal structure; excellent agreement is obtained if they are included. Many proteins display features in which precipitants might lodge. It will be important to investigate presence of precipitants in published crystal structures, and whether it has resulted in misinterpreting electron density maps, adversely affecting drug design.
Electron–phonon interaction in II‐VI quantum wells
Authors: Maslov A. Yu. , Proshina O. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractThe theory of charge‐particle interaction with polar optical phonons is developed for II‐VI compounds‐based heterostructures in which the symmetries of the quantum well and barrier materials are different. The parameters of the electron–phonon interaction are found for the structures in which the material of hexagonal symmetry is used for creating a quantum well or barriers. It is shown that the electron–phonon interaction depends on the anisotropy of the dielectric parameters of the hexagonal material for both cases. Compared to previously obtained results for a quantum well based on the material of cubic symmetry both enhancing and weakening of polaron effects are possible. The obtained results are applied to the explanation of polaron mass magnitude in the quantum well based on ZnO‐ZnMgO. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Growth and characterization of Mg1‐xCdxO thin films
Authors: Guia Lluís‐Manel , Sallet Vincent , Sartel Corinne , Martínez‐Tomás M. Carmen , Muñoz‐Sanjosé Vicente 
Published: March 2016

AbstractIn this paper, we study the growth of thin films of the Mg1–xCdxO alloy in the Mg‐rich range of compositions by using the metal organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) method at low pressure. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) has been used to analyse the compound formation and the progressive incorporation of Cd2+ ions into the cubic MgO lattice. Both, layers with a single‐cubic phase of Mg1–xCdxO and layers with a phase separation, where Cd1–xMgxO and Mg1–xCdxO coexist, have been studied. Finally, a morphological study of the layers has been carried out by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the layers' composition has been measured by energy dispersive X‐ray analysis (EDX). (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Influence of the number of electronically coupled CdSe/ZnSe QD planes on characteristics of optically pumped green lasers
Authors: Sedova I. V. , Lutsenko E. V. , Sorokin S. V. , Vainilovich A. G. , Gronin S. V. , Yablonskii G. P. , Aljoheni M. , Aljerwi A. , Alyamani A. , Ivanov S. V. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractStructural properties and laser characteristics of true green (λ=530‐550 nm) ZnSe‐based optically pumped laser heterostructures with several (up to three) CdSe/ZnSe quantum dot (QD) planes in the active region were studied in details. Optimization of the MBE growth conditions to reduce the non‐equilibrium defect density in the active region as well as the active region design allowed obtaining nearly the same rather low laser threshold values of Ithr∼4 kW/cm2 at Lcav∼100 μm for all the samples. The internal laser parameters were determined by measuring the laser threshold and differential quantum efficiency as functions of the cavity length. The design of laser structures provides high excitation homogeneity of the active region due to strong enough carrier tunneling between QD layers spaced by 5‐nm‐thick ZnSe barriers, which is confirmed by the sub‐linear dependence of the transparency excitation intensity versus number of QD planes in the active region (IT = 0.556, 1.037, and 1.311 kW/cm2). The triple‐QD‐plane laser structure demonstrates significant increase in characteristic gain up to ΓG0=161.62 cm‐1. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
2D‐localization and delocalization effects in quantum Hall regime in HgTe wide quantum wells
Authors: Gudina Svetlana V. , Arapov Yurii G. , Neverov Vladimir N. , Podgornykh Sergey M. , Popov Mikhail R. , Shelushinina Nina G. , Yakunin Mikhail V. , Dvoretsky Sergey A. , Mikhailov Nikolay N. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe have measured the longitudinal and Hall resistivities in the quantum Hall regime at magnetic fields B up to 9 T and temperatures T = (2.9–50) K for HgTe/HgCdTe heterostructure with wide HgTe quantum well. The results are analysed within the scaling concept for the conductivity on the delocalized states at the center of the Landau level and within the variable‐range hopping model for the conductivity on the localized states between the Landau levels. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Structural properties and vertical transport in ZnSe/CdSe superlattices grown on an In0.3Ga0.7As metamorphic buffer layer
Authors: Evropeytsev E. A. , Sorokin S. V. , Klimko G. V. , Gronin S. V. , Sedova I. V. , Belyaev K. G. , Ivanov S. V. , Pozina G. , Toropov A. A. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractWe report on the growth by molecular‐beam epitaxy of short‐period ZnSe/CdSe superlattices (SLs) on an In0.3Ga0.7As metamorphic buffer layer. Such SLs are considered as a promising material for a wide band‐gap photoactive p‐n junction in a hybrid monolithic Ge/InxGa1‐xAs/Iny(Al,Ga)1‐yAs/II‐VI solar cell. Lattice‐matching of the SLs to the In0.3Ga0.7As layer is confirmed by X‐ray diffractometry. Vertical transport of photoexcited carriers is investigated by means of both steady state and time‐resolved photoluminescence techniques in heterostructures containing the ZnSe/CdSe SL with an enlarged quantum well (EQW). Characteristic times of the carrier transport across the SL towards EQW are evaluated in the temperature range 120–300 K. (© 2016 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Robot‐assisted laparoscopic myomectomy for deep intramural myomas
Authors: Kang So Yeon , Jeung In‐Cheul , Chung Youn‐Jee , Kim Hyun‐Kyung , Lee Chae Rim , Mansukhani Tanvi S. , Kim Mee‐Ran 
Published: March 2016

AbstractBackgroundTo evaluate the efficacy of robot‐assisted laparoscopic myomectomy for deep intramural myomas.MethodsWe have conducted a retrospective study for 170 patients who underwent robot‐assisted laparoscopic myomectomy by a single operator of tertiary university hospital.ResultsThere were 100 cases of robot‐assisted laparoscopic myomectomy for deep intramural myomas. The patients had 3.8±3.5 myomas on average, and the mean size of the largest myoma of each patient was 7.5±2.1 centimeters in diameter. Mean operative time was 276.4±97.1 minutes, and mean console time was 146.0±62.7 minutes. Thirty two patients had surgeries for other gynecologic conditions such as pelvic endometriosis or endometrial polyps along with myomectomy at the same time. All the patients recovered without any major complication. After the surgery, nine(75.0 %) of the 12 women pursuing a pregnancy became pregnant.ConclusionRobot‐assisted laparoscopic myomectomy for deep intramural myomas could be a minimal invasive surgical option for women who wish preserve fertility. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Intravenous Transplantation of Mesenchymal Progenitors Distribute Solely to the Lungs and Improve Outcomes in Cervical Spinal Cord Injury
Authors: White Seok Voon , Czisch Chris E. , Han May H. , Plant Christine D. , Harvey Alan R. , Plant Giles W. 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
Cellular transplantation strategies utilizing intraspinal injection of mesenchymal progenitor cells (MPCs) have been reported as beneficial for spinal cord injuries. However, intraspinal injection is not only technically challenging, but requires invasive surgical procedures for patients. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility and potential benefits of noninvasive intravenous injection of MPCs in two models of cervical spinal cord injury, unilateral C5 contusion and complete unilateral C5 hemisection. MPCs isolated from green fluorescence protein (GFP)-luciferase transgenic mice compact bone (1 × 106 cells), or vehicle Hank's Buffered Saline Solution (HBSS), were intravenously injected via the tail vein at D1, D3, D7, D10, or D14. Transplanted MPCs were tracked via bioluminescence imaging. Live in vivo imaging data showed that intravenously injected MPCs accumulate in the lungs, confirmed by postmortem bioluminescence signal—irrespective of the time of injection or injury model. The results showed a rapid, positive modulation of the inflammatory response providing protection to the injured spinal cord tissue. Histological processing of the lungs showed GFP+ cells evenly distributed around the alveoli. We propose that injected cells can act as cellular target decoys to an immune system primed by injury, thereby lessening the inflammatory response at the injury site. We also propose that intravenous injected MPCs modulate the immune system via the lungs through secreted immune mediators or contact interaction with peripheral organs. In conclusion, the timing of intravenous injection of MPCs is key to the success for improving function and tissue preservation following cervical spinal cord injury.
Rbm24 Regulates Alternative Splicing Switch in Embryonic Stem Cell Cardiac Lineage Differentiation
Authors: Zhang Tao , Lin Yu , Liu Jing , Zhang Zi Guan , Fu Wei , Guo Li Yan , Pan Lei , Kong Xu , Zhang Meng Kai , Lu Ying Hua , Huang Zheng Rong , Xie Qiang , Li Wei Hua , Xu Xiu Qin 
Published: March 2016

Abstract
The transition of embryonic stem cell (ESC) pluripotency to differentiation is accompanied by an expansion of mRNA and proteomic diversity. Post-transcriptional regulation of ESCs is critically governed by cell type-specific splicing. However, little is known about the splicing factors and the molecular mechanisms directing ESC early lineage differentiation. Our study identifies RNA binding motif protein 24 (Rbm24) as a key splicing regulator that plays an essential role in controlling post-transcriptional networks during ESC transition into cardiac differentiation. Using an inducible mouse ESC line in which gene expression could be temporally regulated, we demonstrated that forced expression of Rbm24 in ESCs dramatically induced a switch to cardiac specification. Genome-wide RNA sequencing analysis identified more than 200 Rbm24-regulated alternative splicing events (AS) which occurred in genes essential for the ESC pluripotency or differentiation. Remarkably, AS genes regulated by Rbm24 composed of transcriptional factors, cytoskeleton proteins, and ATPase gene family members which are critical components required for cardiac development and functionality. Furthermore, we show that Rbm24 regulates ESC differentiation by promoting alternative splicing of pluripotency genes. Among the Rbm24-regulated events, Tpm1, an actin filament family gene, was identified to possess ESC/tissue specific isoforms. We demonstrated that these isoforms were functionally distinct and that their exon AS switch was essential for ESC differentiation. Our results suggest that ESC's switching into the differentiation state can be initiated by a tissue-specific splicing regulator, Rbm24. This finding offers a global view on how an RNA binding protein influences ESC lineage differentiation by a splicing-mediated regulatory mechanism.
Language processing in bilingual aphasia: a new insight into the problem
Authors: Khachatryan Elvira , Vanhoof Gertie , Beyens Hilde , Goeleven Ann , Thijs Vincent , Van Hulle Marc M. 
Published: March 2016

There is increasing evidence that a bilingual person should not be considered as two monolinguals in a single body, a view that has gradually been adopted in the diagnosis and treatment of bilingual aphasia. However, its investigation is complicated due to the large variety in possible language combinations, pre‐ and postmorbid language proficiencies, and age of second language acquisition. Furthermore, the tests and tasks used to assess linguistic capabilities differ in almost every study, hindering a direct comparison of their outcomes. Behavioral, electrophysiological, and neuroimaging data from healthy population show that the processing of second language domains (semantics, syntax, morphology) depends on factors such as age and method of acquisition, proficiency level and environment in which the second language was acquired. A number of single and multiple case reports that rely on behavioral testing of bilingual aphasics replicate these results. Additionally, they show that the patient's performance depends on the size and location of the lesion, as well as language typology and morphological characteristics. Furthermore, the impairment and recovery patterns and recovery generalization from treated to untreated language depend on the lexical and orthographic distances between the two languages. For healthy bilinguals, language processing is usually studied in comparison to monolinguals. We advocate that a good starting point for identifying patterns specific for bilingual aphasia is to compare patient studies of bilinguals and monolinguals. WIREs Cogn Sci 2016, 7:180–196. doi: 10.1002/wcs.1384This article is categorized under:

Psychology > Language
Neuroscience > Cognition
Testing and validation of multi‐lidar scanning strategies for wind energy applications
Authors: Newman Jennifer F. , Bonin Timothy A. , Klein Petra M. , Wharton Sonia , Newsom Rob K. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractSeveral factors cause lidars to measure different values of turbulence than an anemometer on a tower, including volume averaging, instrument noise and the use of a scanning circle to estimate the wind field. One way to avoid the use of a scanning circle is to deploy multiple scanning lidars and point them toward the same volume in space to collect velocity measurements and extract high‐resolution turbulence information. This paper explores the use of two multi‐lidar scanning strategies, the tri‐Doppler technique and the virtual tower technique, for measuring 3‐D turbulence. In summer 2013, a vertically profiling Leosphere WindCube lidar and three Halo Photonics Streamline lidars were operated at the Southern Great Plains Atmospheric Radiation Measurement site to test these multi‐lidar scanning strategies. During the first half of the field campaign, all three scanning lidars were pointed at approximately the same point in space and a tri‐Doppler analysis was completed to calculate the three‐dimensional wind vector every second. Next, all three scanning lidars were used to build a ‘virtual tower’ above the WindCube lidar. Results indicate that the tri‐Doppler technique measures higher values of horizontal turbulence than the WindCube lidar under stable atmospheric conditions, reduces variance contamination under unstable conditions and can measure high‐resolution profiles of mean wind speed and direction. The virtual tower technique provides adequate turbulence information under stable conditions but cannot capture the full temporal variability of turbulence experienced under unstable conditions because of the time needed to readjust the scans. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of an escarpment on flow parameters of relevance to wind turbines
Authors: Barthelmie R. J. , Wang H. , Doubrawa P. , Giroux G. , Pryor S. C. 
Published: March 2016

AbstractAssessing potential costs and benefits of siting wind turbines on escarpments is challenging, particularly when the upstream fetch is offshore leading to more persistent wind speeds in power producing classes, but an increased importance of stable stratification under which terrain impacts on the flow may be magnified. In part because of a lack of observational data, critical knowledge gaps remain and there is currently little consensus regarding optimal models for flow characterization and turbine design calculations. We present a unique dataset comprising measurements of flow parameters conducted over a 10–14 m escarpment at turbine relevant heights (from 9 to 200 m) and use them to evaluate model simulations. The results indicate good agreement in terms of the wind speed decrease before the terrain feature and the increase at (and downwind of) the escarpment of ~3–5% at turbine hub‐heights. However, the horizontal extent of the region, in which the impact of the escarpment on the mean flow is evident, is larger in the models than the measurements. A region of high turbulence was indicated close to the escarpment that extended through the nominal rotor plane, but the horizontal extent of this region was narrow (<10 times the escarpment height, H) in both models and observations. Moving onshore the profile of turbulence was more strongly influenced by higher roughness of a small forest. While flow angles close to the escarpment were very complex, by a distance of 10 H, flow angles were <3° and thus well within limits indicated by design standards. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Equity impacts of energy and climate policy: who is shouldering the burden?
Authors: Farrell Niall , Lyons Seán 
Published: March 2016

Carbon pricing, technological supports, and energy subsidies comprise the most‐often implemented energy and climate policies. The cost of these policies has grown in recent years, resulting in equity impacts receiving greater attention by academics, policymakers, and the general public. While precise impacts are specific to particular circumstances, there are a number of primary channels through which energy and climate policies affect welfare. This paper gives an overview of how these channels operate. Where applicable, drivers of policy cost are outlined to show how these policies may grow to represent a meaningful welfare impact. Through case study analyses, we explain the most common mechanisms through which these policy costs drive equity outcomes. We review their implementation to date to give insight into the prevalence of these equity outcomes in an international context. Finally, we analyze the ability of remedial measures to counteract inequitable impacts. WIREs Energy Environ 2016, 5:492–509. doi: 10.1002/wene.201This article is categorized under:

Energy Efficiency > Economics and Policy
Energy Infrastructure > Economics and Policy
Energy and Climate > Economics and Policy