bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From the Caribbean to the South Pacific: Cultural Hybridity, Resistance, and Historical Difference
Authors: Emiliani Maria E. Posse 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe present article brings together two geographically and historically distant cultures and years of researching the subject of cultural hybridity in film, music, and art. My interdisciplinary, participatory methodology draws on experimental film, ethnogeography, social anthropology, and critical theory to flow and navigate through disciplines, experiences, art histories, African cultures, and Indigenous perspectives. In describing the processes of cultural hybridization and resistance, I show how difference and mobility are culturally productive and how they can help us understand the important role that artistic research and practice can play in preserving and revitalizing traditional knowledges and cultures in the contemporary globalized world.
Člověk „dobrý“ a/nebo „zlý“? Antropologická varianta výchovy mezi autoritářstvím a liberalitou
Authors: Hábl Jan 
Published: June 2017

Cílem této studie je ukázat implikace antropologického předporozumění lidské povahy pro etické vychovatelství. První část práce prezentuje rozdíl mezi ontologickým a morálním aspektem lidské povahy, tj. rozlišuje mezi tím, jak člověk jest (ontologie) a jak by měl být (morálka). Druhá část srovnává tři, resp. čtyři antropologické varianty odpovědí na tyto otázky – antropologický pesimismus, optimismus, realismus, existencialismus. Třetí část ukazuje eticko-výchovné implikace těchto odpovědí. Na základě rozlišení ontologické a morální komplexity lidské povahy je doloženo, že antropologický realismus vede k autentické pedagogické humanizaci, zatímco pesimismus vede k autoritářské výchově a optimismus k liberální výchově. Antropologický realismus skýtá největší edukační potenciál pro funkční etické vychovatelství, které si klade za cíl formovat autentickou humanitu.
Thiophene‐Fused Dinaphthopentaphenes: Versatile Applications of 1,2‐Bis(pyren‐2‐yl)aromatics in the Synthesis of π‐Expanded Molecules
Authors: Hossain Md. Awlad , Yamashita Ken‐ichi , Hirabayashi Kazunori , Shimizu Toshio , Goto Kenta , Sugiura Ken‐ichi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThiophene‐fused dinaphtho[8,1,2‐opq:2′,1′,8′‐uva]pentaphenes (DNPPs) were synthesized and characterized by using our previously reported strategy. The Suzuki‐Miyaura coupling of the boronic acid ester of pyrene with dibromothiophenes, 2,3‐dibromo‐ and 3,4‐dibromothiophenes, afforded the corresponding bis(pyren‐2‐yl)thiophenes. The subsequent oxidation reaction afforded the desired π‐expanded molecules. Reflecting the DNPP moieties, the obtained molecules show properties characteristic of π‐expanded molecules, such as amphoteric multiredox behaviors and light absorption in the visible region. The oxidized product of 3,4‐bis(pyren‐2‐yl)thiophene, which contains an ortho‐quinoidal structure, i. e., benzo[c]thiophene, was isolated and spectroscopically characterized. Because these molecules possess the [5]helicene structure, optical resolution of enantiomers has been carried out using high‐performance liquid chromatography.
Dramatically Enhanced Phenol Degradation on Alkali Cation‐Anchored TiO2/SiO2 Hybrids: Effect of Cation‐π Interaction as a Diffusion‐Controlling Tool in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Authors: Magatani Yasuhiro , Kuwahara Yasutaka , Nishizawa Kazuto , Yamashita Hiromi 
Published: June 2017

AbstractCation‐π interaction is an intermolecular interaction between the face of a π system and an adjacent cation, which brings about a change in molecular dynamics of organic reactants in catalysis. In this study, a series of alkali metal cations‐anchored TiO2/SiO2 hybrid catalysts were prepared based on organo‐functionalized MCM‐41 mesoporous silica, in order to examine the effect of cation‐π interaction in heterogeneous catalysis. Immobilizing heavier alkali metal cations on surface‐functionalized carboxylic acid ion‐exchange sites provided a dramatic impact on diffusion properties of aromatic molecules, which led to a significant enhancement in photocatalytic degradation of phenol in water under ultraviolet light irradiation, whereas such an enhancement was not observed in degradation of cyclohexanol without π electrons. A distinct relationship was observed between the catalytic activities and adsorption energies determined by thermogravimetric analysis, which evidenced a role of the cation‐π interaction as a diffusion‐controlling tool in this reaction system.
MicroRNA-195 prevents dendritic degeneration and neuron death in rats following chronic brain hypoperfusion
Authors: Chen Xin , Jiang Xue-Mei , Zhao Lin-Jing , Sun Lin-Lin , Yan Mei-Ling , Tian You , Zhang Shuai , Duan Ming-Jing , Zhao Hong-Mei , Li Wen-Rui , Hao Yang-Yang , Wang Li-Bo , Xiong Qiao-Jie , Ai Jing 
Published: June 2017

AbstractImpaired synaptic plasticity and neuron loss are hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Here, we found that chronic brain hypoperfusion (CBH) by bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) decreased the total length, numbers and crossings of dendrites and caused neuron death in rat hippocampi and cortices. It also led to increase in N-terminalβ-amyloid precursor protein (N-APP) and death receptor-6 (DR6) protein levels and in the activation of caspase-3 and caspase-6. Further study showed that DR6 protein was downregulated bymiR-195overexpression, upregulated bymiR-195inhibition, and unchanged by binding-site mutation and miR-masks. Knockdown of endogenousmiR-195by lentiviral vector-mediated overexpression of its antisense molecule (lenti-pre-AMO-miR-195) decreased the total length, numbers and crossings of dendrites and neuron death, upregulated N-APP and DR6 levels, and elevated cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-6 levels. Overexpression ofmiR-195using lenti-pre-miR-195prevented these changes triggered by 2VO. We conclude thatmiR-195is involved in CBH-induced dendritic degeneration and neuron death through activation of the N-APP/DR6/caspase pathway.
Imaging grading system for the diagnosis of dural ossification based on 102 segments of TOLF CT bone-window data
Authors: Zhou Sheng-yuan , Yuan Bo , Chen Xiong-sheng , Li Xue-bin , Zhu Wei , Jia Lian-shun 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (TOLF) complicated with dural ossification (DO) is a severe clinical disease. The diagnosis of DO preoperatively remains challenging. The current study retrospectively analyzed imaging features of 102 segments with TOLF from 39 patients and proposed a grading system for evaluating DO risk. Logistic regression results showed that unilateral spinal canal occupational rate (UCOR), tram track signs, and C-signs were all risk factors for DO (odds ratios of 5.393, 19.734 and 72.594, respectively). In validation analyses for the TOLF-DO grading system, sensitivity was 76.0% (19/25), specificity was 91.0% (70/77), and Youden’s index was 0.66. Thus, implementation of the TOLF-DO grading system has the potential to improve the diagnosis of DO.
Prophylactic Midface Lift in Midfacial Trauma
Authors: Brown Ryan , Lozada Kirk , Gordin Eli , Ducic Yadranko , Kadakia Sameep 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe objective was to review our favorable experience in the use of prophylactic midface lifts in the setting of severe midfacial trauma. A retrospective review of a consecutive series of patients undergoing prophylactic midface lifts at the time of definitive fracture repair in a County Hospital Level 1 trauma center was done. All patients undergoing midface lifts at the time of fracture repair by the senior author from July 1998 to July 2012 were included in this review. A total of 72 patients (58 males, 14 females, average age: 36.2 years) were available for review. Sixty-three patients had a minimal follow-up of at least 3 months. No complications felt to be related to the midfacial suspension were noted. There were no instances of frontal nerve paralysis or palsy. There were no patients with ectropion. Patient midfacial symmetry was evaluated by two blinded facial plastic surgeons. It was felt to be excellent in 53 patients, good in 9, fair in 1, and poor in none. The force of trauma necessary to elicit a severe midfacial fracture and the subsequent subperiosteal dissection required to expose the fractures for rigid fixation result in severe laxity of the midfacial soft tissue envelope. Failure to suspend and support these soft tissues will result in significant facial asymmetry. Prophylactic endoscopic midface suspension appears to be a safe and effective method of largely eliminating this problem and should be considered in the setting of severe midfacial fractures.
GNAQ Mutation in the Venous Vascular Malformation and Underlying Brain Tissue in Sturge–Weber Syndrome
Authors: Sundaram Senthil , Michelhaugh Sharon , Klinger Neil , Kupsky William , Sood Sandeep , Chugani Harry , Mittal Sandeep , Juhász Csaba 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe recent identification of the somatic GNAQ mutation (c.548G > A) provides insight into the pathogenesis of Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS). Although the primary SWS brain pathology is the leptomeningeal angiomatosis (LMA), cerebral cortical and white matter abnormalities play a prominent role in the disease manifestations. In some cases, SWS brain involvement is present even without detectable LMA on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). To expand our understanding of the etiology of SWS brain pathology, surgical SWS brain specimens from nine children (age: 0.8–7.5 years) were carefully separated into LMA and (non-LMA) brain tissue; the latter did not contain any vascular malformation. A custom Competitive Allele-Specific TaqMan PCR (castPCR) assay to detect the mutation in GNAQ was performed in these separated specimens. The mutation was present in all nine LMA and seven of the nine non-LMA brain tissues. LMA tissues were significantly enriched by the mutation, as compared with non-LMA brain (mean: 7.2 ± 2.1% and 1.2 ± 0.4%, respectively; p = 0.008). These results demonstrate that the somatic GNAQ mutation in SWS is not confined to the venous vascular malformation but can directly (although less severely) affect underlying brain parenchyma, not directly affected by LMA, and possibly contribute to SWS brain pathology. Future studies should identify the specific cell type(s) affected by the mutation in the SWS-affected brain parenchyma.
Unique aqueous Li-ion/sulfur chemistry with high energy density and reversibility
Authors: Yang Chongyin , Suo Liumin , Borodin Oleg , Wang Fei , Sun Wei , Gao Tao , Fan Xiulin , Hou Singyuk , Ma Zhaohui , Amine Khalil , Xu Kang , Wang Chunsheng 
Published: June 2017

Significance
Sulfur as an anode coupled with a lithium-ion intercalation cathode in the superconcentrated aqueous electrolyte creates a unique Li-ion/sulfur chemistry, realizing the highest energy density ever achieved in aqueous batteries, along with high safety and excellent cycle-life. Mechanism investigation finds that the reversible sulfur lithiation/delithiation in such an aqueous electrolyte proceeds with fast kinetics that significantly differ from that in nonaqueous systems, whereas polysulfides’ insolubility in such an aqueous electrolyte essentially eliminates the parasitic shuttling. The excellent performances of Li-ion/sulfur cells not only find an application of “water-in-salt” electrolyte for beyond Li-ion chemistries, more importantly, an alternative pathway is provided to solve the “polysulfide shuttling” that has been plaguing the sulfur chemistries in nonaqueous electrolytes.
Electro-gravity via geometric chrononfield
Authors: Suchard Eytan H. 
Published: June 2017

Abstract
In De Sitter / Anti De Sitter space-time and in other geometries, reference sub-manifolds from which proper time is measured along integral curves, are described as events. We introduce here a foliation with the help of a scalar field. The scalar field need not be unique but from the gradient of the scalar field, an intrinsic Reeb vector of the foliations perpendicular to the gradient vector is calculated. The Reeb vector describes the acceleration of a physical particle that moves along the integral curves that are formed by the gradient of the scalar field. The Reeb vector appears as a component of an anti-symmetric matrix which is a part of a rank-2, 2-Form. The 2-form is extended into a non-degenerate 4-form and into rank-4 matrix of a 2-form, which when multiplied by a velocity of a particle, becomes the acceleration of the particle. The matrix has one U(1) degree of freedom and an additional SU(2) degrees of freedom in two vectors that span the plane perpendicular to the gradient of the scalar field and to the Reeb vector. In total, there are U(1) x SU(2) degrees of freedom. SU(3) degrees of freedom arise from three dimensional foliations but require an additional symmetry to exist in order to have a valid covariant meaning.
Matter in the Einstein Grossmann equation is replaced by the action of the acceleration field, i.e. by a geometric action which is not anticipated by the metric alone. This idea leads to a new formalism that replaces the conventional stress-energy-momentum-tensor. The formalism will be mainly developed for classical physics but will also be discussed for quantized physics based on events instead of particles. The result is that a positive charge manifests small attracting gravity and a stronger but small repelling acceleration field that repels even uncharged particles that have a rest mass. Negative charge manifests a repelling anti-gravity but also a stronger acceleration field that attracts even uncharged particles that have rest mass.
Preliminary version: http://sciencedomain.org/abstract/9858
Exploring academic hiring and life in humanities and social sciences at an English research university through a PhD students-as-partners project
Authors: Brown Katie , Mountford-Zimdars Anna 
Published: June 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study is twofold: to make explicit academics’ tacit knowledge of academic employment and to develop the educational research and employability skills of 12 postgraduate researchers.

Design/methodology/approach
Twelve postgraduate researchers from ten different disciplines conducted 24 semi-structured interviews (12 with early career academics, 12 with senior academics). Respondents shared the skills, experiences and attributes sought when hiring and their lived experience of being academics.

Findings
The importance given to both explicitly stated (publications, teaching experience) and implicit (values, behaviour) factors varies greatly among individual academics. There is a mismatch between stated job requirements and the realities of academic life. A students-as-partners project fosters critical engagement with these questions and offers other benefits to participants.

Research limitations/implications
Most respondents work at one research-intensive English institution, potentially limiting generalisability to teaching-led and international institutions.

Practical/implications
Researcher development programmes should make explicit the range of factors considered in hiring while also encouraging critical engagement with the realities of academic work. Through students-as-partners projects, postgraduate research students can uncover first-hand what academic life is like and what hiring committees are looking for.

Originality/value
Through involving students-as-partners, the research question changed to reflect the actual concerns of those contemplating an academic career. Students gained invaluable awareness of academic hiring and insights into academic life, as well as transferable skills.
Where Will Your Next Holden Come From? The 2004 EU Enlargement and Trade with Australia
Authors: Pomfret Richard , Sourdin Patricia 
Published: June 2017

AbstractThe impact on Australia of the 2004 EU enlargement highlighted a major change in the global economy. Previous EU enlargements, notably British accession in 1973, diverted trade from third countries such as Australia. After 2004, trade between Australia and new Eastern European EU members boomed. Deep integration allowed EU firms to create regional value chains. Cars produced in regional value chains, often with final assembly in Eastern Europe, are globally competitive. Reduced trade costs contributed to competitiveness, even in distant Australia, where Volkswagen, Audi, Peugeot and Holden cars are imported from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland.
Age‐Specific Prevalence of Binge and High‐Intensity Drinking Among U.S. Young Adults: Changes from 2005 to 2015
Authors: Patrick Megan E. , Terry‐McElrath Yvonne M. , Miech Richard A. , Schulenberg John E. , O'Malley Patrick M. , Johnston Lloyd D. 
Published: June 2017

BackgroundThis study examined changes during the past decade, from 2005 to 2015, in binge and high‐intensity drinking in 7 separate age groups of U.S. 12th graders and young adults.MethodsNational longitudinal data (N = 6,711) from Monitoring the Future were used to examine trends in consuming 5+, 10+, and 15+ drinks on the same occasion in the past 2 weeks from ages 18 to 29/30 overall and by gender. Results were compared with trends in past 12‐month and 30‐day alcohol use for the same age groups.ResultsBetween 2005 and 2015, binge (5+) and high‐intensity drinking (10+, 15+) generally decreased for individuals in their early 20s, remained somewhat stable for individuals in their mid‐20s, and increased for individuals at the end of young adulthood (age 29/30). The observed historical trends in binge and high‐intensity drinking were similar to those for past 12‐month and past 30‐day alcohol use for those aged 18 to 20, but diverged for most other age groups in young adulthood. Trends were generally similar for men and women, except that the increase in prevalence began earlier in young adulthood for women than for men.ConclusionsBinge and high‐intensity drinking among U.S. 12th graders and young adults are dynamic phenomena. Prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing the harms resulting from 5+, 10+, and 15+ drinking should acknowledge and focus on differences in trends in these behaviors by age and gender.
A multicenter review of ablation in the aortic cusps in young people
Authors: Nguyen Minh B. , Ceresnak Scott R. , Janson Christopher M. , Fishberger Steven B. , Love Barry A. , Blaufox Andrew D. , Motonaga Kara S. , Dubin Anne M. , Nappo Lynn , Pass Robert H. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractBackgroundAblation within the aortic cusp is safe and effective in adults. There are little data on aortic cusp ablation in the pediatric literature. We investigated the safety and efficacy of aortic cusp ablation in young patients.MethodsA retrospective, descriptive study of aortic cusp ablation in five pediatric electrophysiology centers from 2008 to 2014 was performed. All patients <21 years of age who underwent ablation in the aortic cusps were included. Factors analyzed included patient demographics, procedural details, outcomes, and complications.ResultsThirteen patients met inclusion criteria (median age 16 years [range 10–20.5] and median body surface area 1.58 m2 [range 1.12–2.33]). Substrates for ablation included: nine premature ventricular contractions or sustained ventricular tachycardia (69%), two concealed anteroseptal accessory pathways (APs) (15%), one Wolff‐Parkinson‐White with an anteroseptal AP (8%), and one ectopic atrial tachycardia (8%). Three‐dimensional electroanatomic mapping in combination with fluoroscopy was used in 12/13 (92%) patients. Standard 4‐mm‐tip radiofrequency (RF) current was used in 11/13 (85%) and low‐power irrigated‐tip RF in 2/13 (15%). Angiography was used in 13/13 and intracardiac echocardiography was additionally utilized in 3/13 (23%). Ablation locations included: eight noncoronary (62%), three left (23%), and two right (15%) cusps. Ablation was acutely successful in all patients. At median follow‐up of 20 months, there was one recurrence of PVCs (8%). There were no ablation‐related complications and no valvular injuries observed.ConclusionArrhythmias originating from the coronary cusps in this series were successfully and safely ablated in young people without injury to the coronary arteries or the aortic valve.
Risk score to assess mortality risk in patients undergoing transvenous lead extraction
Authors: Oszczygieł Ewa , Kutarski Andrzej , Oszczygieł Andrzej , Mańkowska‐Załuska Beata , Chudzik Michał , Wranicz Jerzy Krzysztof , Cygankiewicz Iwona 
Published: June 2017

AbstractAimsThe main aim of this study was to assess 1‐year mortality and its predictors in a cohort of patients who underwent transvenous lead extraction (TLE) procedure.MethodsRetrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and 1‐year follow‐up of patients referred for a TLE procedure in a single, high‐volume center between June 2006 and October 2014 was performed.ResultsThe studied population included 130 patients (82 males; mean age 64 ± 15 years) implanted with pacemakers (74%), implantable cardioverter defibrillators (15%), or cardiac resynchronization therapy defibrillator (11%). Indications for the extraction included infective endocarditis (40.5%), pocket infection (18.5%), and lead fault or failure (41%). Total radiological success rate was 90% while clinical success rate was 93.5%. The cumulative 1‐year mortality was 28%. Mortality was higher in a group of older patients (94.4% vs 68%, P = 0.001) and those with chronic kidney disease (33.3% vs 4.3 %, P = 0.0002) as well as in patients after removal of high voltage lead (88.9% vs 26.3%, P = 0.01). Higher mortality was also related to infection as an indication for TLE (37.2% vs 13.5%, P = 0.002). Following these findings a new risk score model named IKAR (I = infective indications; K = kidney dysfunction; A = age ≥ 56; R = removal of high voltage lead) was constructed. Patients with IKAR score ≥3 points were characterized by 79% mortality as compared to 16% in those with a score 1–2 points.ConclusionsOne‐year mortality of patients undergoing TLE procedure can be predicted by using IKAR risk score.
Utilizing a DUALEM‐421 and inversion modelling to map baseline soil salinity along toposequences in the Hunter Valley Wine district
Authors: Stockmann U. , Huang J. , Minasny B. , Triantafilis J. 
Published: June 2017

AbstractIn the oldest commercial wine district of Australia, the Hunter Valley, there is the threat of soil salinization because marine sediments underlie the area. To understand the risk requires information about the spatial distribution of soil properties. Electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments have been used to identify and map the spatial variation of average soil salinity to a certain depth. However, soils vary with depth dependent on soil forming factors. We collected data from a single‐frequency and multiple‐coil DUALEM‐421 along a toposequence. We inverted this data using EM4Soil software and evaluated the resultant 2‐dimensional model of true electrical conductivity (σ – mS/m) with depth against electrical conductivity of saturated soil pastes (ECp – dS/m). Using a fitted linear regression (LR) model calibration approach and by varying the forward model (cumulative function‐CF and full solution‐FS), inversion algorithm (S1 and S2), damping factor (λ) and number of arrays, we determined a suitable electromagnetic conductivity image (EMCI), which was optimal (R2 = 0.82) when using the full solution, S2, λ = 3.6 and all six coil arrays. We conducted an uncertainty analysis of the LR model used to estimate the electrical conductivity of the saturated soil‐paste extract (ECe – dS/m). Our interpretation based on estimates of ECe suggests the approach can identify differences in salinity, how these vary with parent material and how topography influences salt distribution. The results provide information leading to insights into how soil forming factors and agricultural practices influence salinity down a toposequence and how this can guide soil management practices.