bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Proteomics reveals reduced expression of transketolase in pyrimidine 5′‐nucleotidase deficient patients
Authors: Barasa Benjamin A. , van Oirschot Brigitte A. , Bianchi Paola , van Solinge Wouter W. , Heck Albert J. R. , van Wijk Richard , Slijper Monique 
Published: July 2016

PurposeTo date, it remains a challenge to correctly and timely diagnose red blood cell (RBC) enzymopathies that result in hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia (HNSHA), the third most common of which is pyrimidine 5′‐nucleotidase (P5N) deficiency with just over 100 cases recognized and confirmed worldwide.Experimental designWe have investigated the RBC proteome of a patient with P5N deficiency due to a homozygous frameshift mutation in the NT5C3A gene. Protein expression levels were analyzed against healthy controls and against patients with hemolytic anemia of different origin, to account for the patient's elevated reticulocyte versus RBC ratio.ResultsStringent relative quantification of the patient's protein levels revealed reduced levels of P5N, and unexpectedly, also decreased levels of transketolase, an enzyme involved in the nonoxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway, one of the few key pathways active in RBCs. Immunoblotting of whole blood samples from this and other P5N‐deficient patients with dissimilar mutations indicated that P5N deficiency was correlated with reduced transketolase levels.Conclusions and clinical relevanceConsequently, insight into patient RBC proteomes illustrates potential benefit of coupling quantitative proteomics strategies with routine HNSHA diagnostic procedures. Proteomics facilitates finding novel biomarkers for HNSHA patients, for example, suffering from P5N deficiency, providing new prospects for future diagnosis and therapy.
Catalytic Effect of Two Shapes of Nano‐Fe2O3 on Hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane Using a Non‐Isothermal Decomposition Kinetic Method
Authors: Gao Rong , Zhao Ningning , Liu Jianbing , Zhang Ting , Ma Haixia 
Published: July 2016

AbstractNanosized Fe2O3 particles (nano‐Fe2O3) with two shapes (tetrakaidecahedral and grainy) were synthesized by hydrothermal methods. The morphologies and structures were characterized using a combination of experimental techniques including X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two composites containing CL‐20 (hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane, HNIW) and tetrakaidecahedral nano‐Fe2O3 [nmT‐Fe2O3/CL‐20] or grainy nano‐Fe2O3/CL‐20 (nmG‐Fe2O3/CL‐20) were prepared. The thermal behaviors of the two composites and pure CL‐20 were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Non‐isothermal decomposition kinetic parameters and the thermal decomposition mechanism of the two composites and CL‐20 were obtained. The apparent activation energy (Ea) of the main thermal decomposition reaction of CL‐20, nmT‐Fe2O3/CL‐20 and nmG‐Fe2O3/CL‐20 are 181.94, 179.17, and 176.18 kJ mol−1, respectively. The thermal decomposition mechanism of CL‐20 as well as nmT‐Fe2O3/CL‐20 was controlled by the Avrami‐Erofeev equation (n=2/5) assumed as random nucleation and subsequent growth, while, the reaction mechanism of the composite nmG‐Fe2O3/CL‐20 was controlled by the Mample Power law (n=1/2). The reason for this difference may be due to the different morphology and particle size of the two nano‐Fe2O3 particles.
Quantitative analysis of biogenic polyamines in distilled drinks by direct electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry using a nanocontainer
Authors: Galego Ludovina R. , Rodrigues Maria A. A. , Mendes Débora C. , Jockusch Steffen , Da Silva José P. 
Published: July 2016

RationaleBiogenic polyamines in drinks have been implicated in undesirable physiological effects. Methods for their detection and quantification usually involve derivatization, pre‐concentration and clean‐up. To assist the evaluation of the potential risk of distillates, it was important to develop a simple and fast analytical method, which is described in this study.MethodsBiogenic polyamines were selectively encapsulated after addition of a nanocontainer, cucurbit[7]uril (50 μM), to the distilled drink samples, which were acidified with HCl (pH 3) prior addition of the nanocontainer. The quantification of polyamines was achieved by direct infusion electrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry in the multiple reaction monitoring mode, using encapsulated amantadine as internal standard, and by monitoring signals originating from their host‐guest complexes.ResultsSix point calibration curves, ranging from 0.5 μM to 20 μM of polyamines in water and ethanol/water (50:50), were used to establish instrument response. The method was validated by analysis of fortified Arbutus spirits. Samples of Arbutus and grape pomace spirits were also analyzed. Linear responses were observed for all polyamines and were similar in water, hydro‐alcoholic solutions and fortified Arbutus spirits. Putrescine the simple polyamine was detected only in grape pomace distillate samples.ConclusionsA quantitative method was developed for rapid and simple analysis of biogenic polyamines in distilled drinks. The detection limits depend on the ionization properties of the samples. Encapsulated amantadine can be used to probe these properties and method application. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Thermodynamics of gaseous barium cerate studied by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry
Authors: Lopatin Sergey I. , Shugurov Sergey M. , Panin Andrej I. 
Published: July 2016

RationaleBaCeO3 species, which are known to be excellent proton conductors, are potential candidates as electrolytes in hydrogen concentrators and fuel cells. Oxides of barium and cerium, with their reactivity can, in turn, form gaseous associates – complex molecules with two different types of atoms (not including oxygen). To predict the possibility of the existence of gaseous associates formed by barium and cerium oxides it is important to know their thermodynamic characteristics. Until the present investigation, gaseous cerates were unknown.MethodsHigh‐temperature Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry was used to determine the partial pressures of vapor species over the BaO–CeO2 system, and the formation enthalpies of gaseous CeO2 and BaCeO3 were derived. Measurements of partial pressures and reaction enthalpies were performed with a MS‐1301 mass spectrometer. Vaporization was carried out using molybdenum and tungsten effusion cells containing the samples under study and pure gold as a reference substance. A theoretical study of gaseous cerium dioxide and barium cerate was performed by several quantum chemical methods: DFT M06, DFT PBE0 and MP2.ResultsIn the temperature range 1900–2120 K, CeO and CeO2 were found to be the main vapor species over the solid CeO2. Ba, BaO, CeO, CeO2 and BaCeO3 species were found in the vapor over the BaO–CeO2 mixture. On the basis of the equilibrium constant of the gaseous reaction BaO + CeO2 = BaCeO3, the standard formation enthalpy of gaseous BaCeO3 (−1065 ± 25 kJ/mol) at 298 K was determined. Energetically favorable structures of gaseous CeO2 and BaCeO3 were found and vibrational frequencies were evaluated in the harmonic approximation.ConclusionsThe stability of BaCeO3 gaseous species was confirmed by high‐temperature mass spectrometry. Gas‐phase reactions involving gaseous barium and cerium oxides with gaseous barium cerate were studied. The enthalpies of the formation reactions of gaseous barium cerate from gaseous BaO and CeO2 were evaluated theoretically and the obtained values were in agreement with the experimental ones. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Characterizing Design Process Interfaces as Organization Networks: Insights for Engineering Systems Management
Authors: Parraguez Pedro , Eppinger Steven , Maier Anja 
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACTThe engineering design literature has provided guidance on how to identify and analyze design activities and their information dependencies. However, a systematic characterization of process interfaces between engineering design activities is missing, and the impact of structural and compositional aspects of interfaces on process performance is unclear. To fill these gaps, we propose a new approach that characterizes process interfaces as organization networks consisting of people and their interactions when performing interfacing activities. Furthermore, we provide guidance on how to test and interpret the effect of those characteristics on interface problems. As a result, we show how structural and compositional aspects of the organization networks between information‐dependent activities provide valuable insights to better manage complex engineering design processes. The proposed approach is applied to the development of a power plant, analyzing 79 process interfaces. The study reveals a relationship between the structure and composition of the process interfaces and reported interface problems. Implications of this approach include the integration of information about process and organization architectures, the systematic identification of key performance metrics associated with interface problems, and improved support for engineering managers by means of a better overview of information flows between activities.
Interaction analysis of waffle slabs supporting houses on expansive soil
Authors: Fardipour Mohammad , Gad Emad , Sivagnanasundram Siva , Rajeev Pathmanathan , Karunarathne Aruna , Wilson John 
Published: July 2016

Abstract
This study investigates the soil–slab interaction for waffle slabs supporting residential structures on highly expansive soils. Interaction modelling techniques are reviewed, and the implications of the modelling assumptions typically employed are discussed. More realistic modelling assumptions are proposed, and their effects are investigated. For this purpose, advanced incremental/inelastic FE models are developed in OpenSees to capture the slab structural response during the history of soil movement in heave condition. Soil profile (mound shape), soil stiffness profile and soil–slab contact are updated corresponding to growing mound. The study provides an insight into the resulting changes in bending moment and deformation demands on such slabs. It is found that the conventional assumption of a constant soft soil stiffness coupled with a stepped transition to that of hard soil is generally unconservative. The analyses also suggest that predefining a critical scenario and disregarding the history of loading is not necessarily conservative.
Pain management strategies for effective coping with Sickle Cell Disease: The perspective of patients in Ghana
Authors: Adzika V.A. , Ayim-Aboagye D. , Gordh T. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
Prevalence of Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is high in Ghana but not much is known in terms of research into non-medical strategies for managing and coping with the pain associated with SCD. This study was carried out to examine effective non-medical related strategies patients use to cope and manage their SCD condition.

Methods
SCD patients (387) at the Korle-bu Teaching Hospital (Sickle Cell Clinic), consisting of 180 males and 204 females between 18 and 65 years old years participated in the study. A cross-sectional research design was used in which participants completed 9 questionnaires on pain, non-medical coping and management strategies, anxiety, and depression.

Results
Over 90% of participants reported that pains associated with SCD were the main reason for seeking treatment in SCD crisis. In terms of non-medical related coping strategies, attending a place of worship and praying were the main coping strategies used in SCD crises, suggesting that patients’ beliefs, particularly in a supernatural being, served as a mitigating factor in the process of coping with the pain associated with SCD crisis. Also, avoidance and withdrawal from people and social activities were reported to be strategies used to cope with the pain associated with SCD crisis. Results of multiple regression analysis showed that socio-demographic characteristics contributed to the variance in the pain associated with SCD.

Conclusion
This study indicates that non-medical strategies, such as religious beliefs and psychosocial actions, are important factors for patients in Ghana for their coping and management of the pains associated with SCD. This knowledge may add to the understanding of the SCD-patients’ situation.
PEARL – Pain in early life. A new network for research and education
Authors: Andersen R.D. , Axelin A. , Eriksson M. , Kristjánsdóttir G. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
To establish a network for research and education and to provide expert knowledge to parents and health care professionals about pain in early life.

Methods
In November 2014 a group of Nordic researchers and research students, committed to the field of pain in early life, gathered for an open lecture day and workshop in Örebro, Sweden. Inspired by the work of the Canadian initiative PICH – Pain In Child Health, the network formulated it’s vision: To be a stabile and competent research and training network within the area of pain in early life. A first collaborate project was designed: “Translation, cultural adaptation and validation of the revised version of the Premature Infant Pain Profile (PIPP-R): An effort to improve pain assessment in infants in the Nordic countries”.

Results
Fourteen months later, in January 2016, the second PEARL-meeting was held, in Oslo, Norway. The lecture day provided clinically active nurses and physicians from several countries with the latest findings on how to best manage pain in neonatal settings. The network which now consist of 18 researchers from different professions and academic levels presents itself on a five-language website: www.pearl.direct. The PIPP-R project has progressed according to the plan. The PIPP-R is translated into Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian and Swedish. The cultural adaptation and validation should be finished in fall 2016. The members work on and plan for further collaborate projects. The next two steps are to translate and distribute educational material for parents via Internet and social media, and to establish a research and mas-ters course about pain in early life. The work has been secured by funding from Örebro University and Örebro University Hospital Research Foundation.

Conclusions
PEARL fulfils the need for a collaborative network for pain in early life researchers in the Nordic countries.
“Tears are also included” - women’s experience of treatment for painful endometriosis at a pain clinic
Authors: Hållstam A. , Stålnacke B.M. , Svensén C. , Löfgren M. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
To explore how women perceive and are affected by treatment for painful endometriosis.

Method
Qualitative methodology with emergent design was used. Sixteen semi-structured interviews (including 3 follow-ups) with 13 women (age 20–47) treated at a pain clinic, were analysed with Grounded Theory.

Results
A preliminary model describes how women experience treatment for painful endometriosis and its consequences in one core category and three categories. The core category; Surviving painful endometriosis, described the women’s promoting strategies like Knowledge, Adaption and Planning, and inhibiting reactions as Anxiety and Resignation. The three interacting categories; Woman with painful endometriosis, included experiences of “The self” and “The body”. “The environment/significant others” described the environments’ support. Missed opportunities were described as a lack of participation in important life areas; “Social life”, “Career” and “Descendants”. “New possibilities” were experienced when pain disappeared or could be controlled. Dependent on health care included the experiences of “Treatments” from helpful to harmful and “Encounters with health care” from empowering to humiliating.

Conclusions
The suffering of women when exposed to painful endometriosis can lead to missed opportunities in several important areas of life. Hormonal and symptomatic treatments, as well as positive encounters of health care are important for the women’s possibility to develop working surviving strategies.
Coupled cell networks of astrocytes and chondrocytes are target cells of inflammation
Authors: Hansson Elisabeth , Skiöldebrand Eva 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
Systemic low-grade inflammation can be initiated in vivo after traumatic injury or in chronic diseases as neurodegenerative, metabolic and autoimmune diseases. Coupled cell networks are target cells leading to the spread of inflammation and changes in biochemical cellular parameters. Do astrocytes and chondrocytes behave in a similar way in an inflammatory reactive state with respect to Ca2+ signaling, actin filaments rearrangement, receptor properties, pro-inflammatory cytokine release etc?

Methods
Primary cultures of astrocytes and chondrocytes, respectively, were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (10 ng/ml, 24h) or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (5ng/ml, 24 h) to induce inflammatory reactivity. Ca2+ signaling, Na+/K+-ATPase-, connexin 43 (Cx43)-, and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)- expressions, actin filament organization, and IL-1β release were analyzed.

Results
Stimulation with IL-1β or LPS altered the Ca2+ signaling from single peaks to oscillating waves and increased the expression of Cx43 and TLR4, and decreased expression of Na+/K+-ATPase. A disruption of the actin filaments with more pronounced ring-formed structures was found in inflammatory induced astrocytes and chondrocytes which in turn affects Ca2+ oscillations. Additionally a release of active matrix metallopeptidase-13 was found in media from IL-1β stimulated chondrocytes.

Conclusions
Our data show that cellular mechanisms of healthy chondrocytes as well as inflamed, resemble the coupled cell networks of astrocytes. Chronic, low-grade inflammation can influence coupled cell networks in one or several organs, leading to co-morbidity. It is crucial that inflammatory affected cells in various organs are restored back to a physiological non-inflammatory homeostasis in order to prevent tissue degradation and pain.
Changes in opioid prescribing behaviour in Denmark, Sweden and Norway - 2006-2014
Authors: Jarlbaek L. , Joergensen P. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
A country’s use of opioids is frequently debated in the public, usually based on rough figures from prescription databases made for consumption registration purposes. However, these databases hold much more detailed information that can be processed to increase knowledge and insight into nationally opioid prescribing-behaviour. This study aims to provide a more detailed picture of opioid prescribing and its changes in Denmark, Sweden and Norway during 2006-2014.

Methods
Data on opioid-use (ATC; N02A) were downloaded from each country’s publically assessable prescription-databases. Consumption-data were converted from defined daily doses (DDDs) to mg oral morphine equivalents (omeqs). Changes in choice of opioid-types, use and number of users were presented using descriptive statistics and compared.

Results

Opioid users: During the whole period, Norway had the highest, and Denmark the lowest, number of opioid users/1000 inhabitants. In 2006, Norway, Sweden and Denmark had 98, 79, 66 users/1000 inhabitants. In 2014 the numbers were 105, 78, 75 users/1000 inhabitants, respectively. Opioid use/user: During the whole period, Norway had the lowest, and Denmark the highest use/user. In 2006, the mean use/user was 1979, 3615, 6025 mg omeq/user in Norway, Sweden and Denmark respectively. In 2014 the corresponding use was 2426,3473,6361 mg omeq/user. The preferred choices of opioid-types changed during the period for all three countries. The balance between use of weak or strong opioids showed more prominent changes for Norway and Sweden compared to Denmark.

Conclusions
Three nations, closely related in culture and geo graphically, showed significant differences and changes in opioid prescribing behaviour. This knowledge can easily be overlooked using the traditional way of presenting opioid consumption statistics. More detailed and clinically relevant presentation can increase the knowledge of doctors’ opioid prescribing behaviour, that can be related to changes in the society or health care system, like demography, legislation and guidelines from authorities.
Opioid usage in Denmark, Norway and Sweden - 2006-2014 and regulatory factors in the society that might influence it
Authors: Joergensen Peter Heine , Jarlbaek Lene 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
To relate changes in the number of opioid users in Denmark, Norway and Sweden during 2006-2014 to changes in national regulatory and economic incentive factors.

Methods
The material consists of data drawn from the national prescription databases in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Data on the number of opioid users per 1000 inhabitants were collected for all ages, both sexes and for the period 2006-2014. Concomitant changes in regulatory or economic incentives were identified and related to the drug statistics.

Results
For all opioids in the period 2006-2014 Denmark had the lowest number ofusers but the largest increase in users. Norway had the highest number of users but a lower increase. The number of users in Sweden was very stable showing no change in number of users.
The number of morphine users in Denmark increased from 2009 to 2014. The number of users of oxycodone decreased from 2010 to 2014. The Danish health authorities recommended using morphine as first drug of choice in 2010 and warned about potential drug dependency of oxycodone in 2011.
In Sweden the number of users of oxycodone increased over the period with the largest increase from 2012 to 2013. The number af tramadol users decreased from 2011. Prior to these changes tramadol was declared to be classified as an addictive drug 2011.

Conclusions
Changes in the countries’ opioid use appeared in the public prescription-databases in a timely manner after introduction of national recommendations not to use oxycodone and prefer morphine as first choice, or classify tramadol as an addictive drug. National drug statistics show the end-result of the doctors’ prescribing behavior and the population’s use of opioids. Thorough investigation of prescription-data can help to detect and explain the interplay between culture, society and medical reasons for prescribing opioids.
Activation of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) following disc herniation induces hyperexcitability in the pain pathways
Authors: Kongstorp M. , Moen A. , Jacobsen D.P. , Haugen F. , Mahmood A. , Gjerstad j. 
Published: July 2016

Abstract

Aims
Low back pain and sciatica after disc herniation may be caused by mechanical compression of the nerve roots, but also by the release of pro-inflammatory agents including growth factors from the nucleus pulposus (NP).

Methods
Here, in an animal model mimicking the clinical situation following disc herniation, CLIA protein analyses, extracellular single-cell recordings in the spinal dorsal horn and qPCR were performed to examine the nociceptive signaling due to disc herniation.

Results
The present data demonstrated that EREG may be released from NP - and that administration of EREG onto the spinal dorsal nerve roots increased spontaneous activity in nociceptive neurons. An up-regulation of EGFR and HER4 in the dorsal horn as well as an up-regulation of HER3 in the DRG were demonstrated after application of NP onto the dorsal nerve roots.

Conclusion
Our findings suggest that EREG and signaling through its receptors may be involved in pain hypersensitivity and other sensory abnormalities after disc herniation.