bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fructose Dehydrogenase Electron Transfer Pathway in Bioelectrocatalytic Reactions
Authors: Kizling Michal , Bilewicz Renata 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe present kinetic and mechanistic studies of fructose oxidation by fructose dehydrogenase (FDH) using the electrochemical methods of stationary and rotating disk voltammetry. FDH was physically adsorbed on unmodified multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to study direct electron transfer (DET) parameters, and for comparison an MWCNT with an adsorbed pyrene derivative of naphthoquinone employed as the mediator in mediated electron transfer, MET, was also examined. Kinetic parameters, such as the number of electrons transferred, the turnover number, and the electron transfer rate constant, were calculated. Comparison of the non‐turnover and catalytic behaviour revealed the role of the heme c active site in the electron transfer of FDH. It was also shown that a mediator with a sufficiently low formal potential, such as the naphthoquinone, substitutes for the heme c site in the electron transfer to the electrode. The kinetic parameters of the processes proved that the application of the mediator results in an increase in the rate of fructose catalytic oxidation compared to that of the DET oxidation process.
Phthalocyanine‐Conjugated Upconversion NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2 Nanospheres for NIR‐Triggered Photodynamic Therapy in a Tumor Mouse Model
Authors: Kostiv Uliana , Patsula Vitalii , Noculak Agnieszka , Podhorodecki Artur , Větvička David , Poučková Pavla , Sedláková Zdenka , Horák Daniel 
Published: November 2017

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has garnered immense attention as a minimally invasive clinical treatment modality for malignant cancers. However, its low penetration depth and photodamage of living tissues by UV and visible light, which activate a photosensitizer, limit the application of PDT. In this study, monodisperse NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanospheres 20 nm in diameter, that serve as near‐infrared (NIR)‐to‐visible light converters and activators of a photosensitizer, were synthesized by high‐temperature co‐precipitation of lanthanide chlorides in a high‐boiling organic solvent (octadec‐1‐ene). The nanoparticles were coated with a thin shell (≈3 nm) of homogenous silica via the hydrolysis and condensation of tetramethyl orthosilicate. The NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2 particles were further functionalized by methacrylate‐terminated groups via 3‐(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate. To introduce a large number of reactive amino groups on the particle surface, methacrylate‐terminated NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2 nanospheres were modified with a branched polyethyleneimine (PEI) via Michael addition. Aluminum carboxyphthalocyanine (Al Pc‐COOH) was then conjugated to NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2‐PEI nanospheres via carbodiimide chemistry. The resulting NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2‐PEI‐Pc particles were finally modified with succinimidyl ester of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) in order to alleviate their future uptake by the reticuloendothelial system. Upon 980 nm irradiation, the intensive red emission of NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2‐PEI‐Pc‐PEG nanoparticles completely vanished, indicating efficient energy transfer from the nanoparticles to Al Pc‐COOH, which generates singlet oxygen (1O2). Last but not least, NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2‐PEI‐Pc‐PEG nanospheres were intratumorally administered into mammary carcinoma MDA‐MB‐231 growing subcutaneously in athymic nude mice. Extensive necrosis developed at the tumor site of all mice 24–48 h after irradiation by laser at 980 nm wavelength. The results demonstrate that the NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+@SiO2‐PEI‐Pc‐PEG nanospheres have great potential as a novel NIR‐triggered PDT nanoplatform for deep‐tissue cancer therapy.
Evidence of separate subgroups of juvenile southern bluefin tuna
Authors: Chambers Mark S. , Sidhu Leesa A. , O'Neill Ben , Sibanda Nokuthaba 
Published: November 2017

AbstractArchival tagging studies of southern bluefin tuna (SBT, Thunnus maccoyii) have revealed that juveniles residing in the Great Australian Bight (GAB) over the austral summer undertake seasonal cyclic migrations to the southeast Indian Ocean and the Tasman Sea during winter. However, there remains disagreement about the extent of mixing between juvenile SBT regularly caught by longline fleets south of Africa and those observed in the GAB. Some researchers have argued that archival tag recoveries indicate most juveniles reside in the GAB over the austral summer. Others have suggested that recoveries of conventional and archival tags are better explained by a juvenile population consisting of separate groups on the eastern and western sides of the Indian Ocean with limited intermixing. We present analyses of catch and tag recovery data and re‐examine archival tagging studies. The evidence provided strongly favors the hypothesis of separate juvenile subgroups, or contingents, with limited intermixing. We draw some tentative conclusions about the nature of the putative contingents and discuss some implications of these findings for the interpretation of existing datasets and future research priorities. We also provide the first evidence that the migration choices of juveniles that summer in the GAB are influenced by fidelity to winter feeding grounds and suggest this helps explain the collapse of the surface fishery off New South Wales in the 1980s.
Is there plasticity in developmental instability? The effect of daily thermal fluctuations in an ectotherm
Authors: Kielland Øystein Nordeide , Bech Claus , Einum Sigurd 
Published: November 2017

AbstractDiversified bet‐hedging (DBH) by production of within‐genotype phenotypic variance may evolve to maximize fitness in stochastic environments. Bet‐hedging is generally associated with parental effects, but phenotypic variation may also develop throughout life via developmental instability (DI). This opens for the possibility of a within‐generation mechanism creatingDBHduring the lifetime of individuals. If so,DIcould in fact be a plastic trait itself; if a fluctuating environment indicates uncertainty about future conditions, sensing such fluctuations could triggerDIas aDBHresponse. However, this possibility has received little empirical attention. Here, we test whether fluctuating environments may elicit such a response in the clonally reproducing crustaceanDaphnia magna. Specifically, we exposed genetically identical individuals to two environments of different thermal stability (stable vs. pronounced daily realistic temperature fluctuations) and tested for effects onDIin body mass and metabolic rate shortly before maturation. Furthermore, we also estimated the genetic variation inDI. Interestingly, fluctuating temperatures did not affect body mass, but metabolic rate decreased. We found no evidence for plasticity inDIin response to environmental fluctuations. The lack of plasticity was common to all genotypes, and for both traits studied. However, we found considerable evolvability forDI, which implies a general evolutionary potential forDBHunder selection for increased phenotypic variance.
THE MAGIC OF PLAY: LOW‐INCOME MOTHERS’ AND FATHERS’ PLAYFULNESS AND CHILDREN'S EMOTION REGULATION AND VOCABULARY SKILLS
Authors: Cabrera Natasha J. , Karberg Elizabeth , Malin Jenessa L. , Aldoney Daniela 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTUsing data from a diverse sample of low‐income families who participated in the Early Head Start Research Evaluation Project (n = 73), we explored the association between mothers’ and fathers’ playfulness with toddlers, toddler's affect during play, and children's language and emotion regulation at prekindergarten. There were two main findings. First, fathers’ playfulness in toddlerhood was associated with children's vocabulary skills in prekindergarten whereas mothers’ playfulness was related to children's emotion regulation. Cross‐parental effects were found only for mothers. The association between mothers’ playfulness and children's vocabulary and emotion regulation was strengthened when fathers engaged in more pretend play and when children were affectively positive during the play. These findings show that playfulness is an important source of variation in the vocabulary and emotion regulation of children growing up in low‐income families. They also point to domain‐specific ways that mothers and fathers promote children's regulatory and vocabulary skills, and highlight the importance of children's positive engagement in play.
Enhancing bone regeneration by combining mesenchymal stem cell sheets with β‐TCP/COL‐I scaffolds
Authors: Lin Jun , Shao Jiaqi , Juan Li , Yu Wenke , Song Xiaojia , Liu Pengruofeng , Weng Wenjian , Xu Jinghong , Mehl Christian 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe combination of bone marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and biological scaffolds has been demonstrated to be a promising strategy for bone regeneration. However, this method does not result in satisfactory bone regeneration, because the BMSCs are dispersed in the biological scaffolds. The current study developed a new bone regeneration system, which combines synthetic porous three‐dimensional scaffolds of β‐TCP/COL‐I composite with cultured osteogenic sheets of BMSCs. Activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), a marker of bone regeneration, was assayedin vitrousing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays and quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction.In vivobone regeneration was assayed in male nude mice. The study samples were BMSC sheet, scaffold/scattered BMSCs, scaffold/BMSC sheet, and scaffold alone. The samples were implanted dorsally in the mice.In vitroanalysis showed that β‐TCP/COL‐I scaffold combined with BMSC sheets significantly upregulated both gene expression and protein levels of ALP, osteocalcin, and osteopontin. Histological and micro‐computed tomography showed that the only implants that demonstrated new bone formation after 4 weeks were scaffold/BMSC sheet implants. These results underscore the crucial requirement of a synergistic effect of β‐TCP/COL‐I scaffolds and BMSC sheets. This could be a promising novel strategy for bone tissue engineering. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2037–2045, 2018.
Modulation of scar tissue formation in injured nervous tissue cultivated on surface‐engineered coralline scaffolds
Authors: Weiss Orly Eva , Hendler Roni Mina , Canji Eyal Aviv , Morad Tzachy , Foox Maytal , Francis Yitshak , Dubinski Zvy , Merfeld Ido , Hammer Liat , Baranes Danny 
Published: November 2017

AbstractFollowing traumatic brain injury, there is no restoration of the lost nervous tissue, mainly due to the formation of a scar. One promising strategy to overcome this hurdle is grafting scaffolds that can disturb the scar blockade, enabling cell invasion into the wound. The aragonite skeleton of corals is useful scaffolds for testing this strategy, being supportive for neural cells in culture. The purpose of this work was to check if a contact between a coralline scaffold and an injured nervous tissue affects scar formation and if this effect can be regulated by engineering the scaffold's surface topology. To address that, hippocampal slices were cultivated on a coral skeleton having two distinct surface shapes: (1) intact skeleton pieces (ISP): porous, microrough surface; (2) grained skeleton (GS): nonporous, macrorough surface. On ISP, slices deformed by engulfing the scaffold's outer surface without penetrating the pores, yet, they preserved their coherence. By contrast, on GS slices were flat, but broken into interconnected small segments of tissue. In addition, whereas on ISP astrocytes were significantly more active and diffusely distributed, on GS reactive astrocytes tightened into a single <90 μm wide scar‐like stripe at the slice's periphery. Hence, by grafting coralline scaffolds of predesigned surface roughness and porosity into brain wounds, control over scar tissue formation can be gained, providing an opportunity for cell migration and damage repair. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 106B: 2295–2306, 2018.
Ethical guidelines for publishing in the journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle: update 2017
Authors: von Haehling Stephan , Morley John E. , Coats Andrew J.S. , Anker Stefan D. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThis article details an updated version of the principles of ethical authorship and publishing in the Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle (JCSM). At the time of submission to JCSM, the corresponding author, on behalf of all co‐authors, needs to certify adherence to these principles. The principles are as follows:

All authors listed on a manuscript considered for publication have approved its submission and (if accepted) publication as provided to JCSM.
No person who has a right to be recognized as author has been omitted from the list of authors on the submitted manuscript.
Each author has made a material and independent contribution to the work submitted for publication.
The submitted work is original and is neither under consideration elsewhere nor that it has been published previously in whole or in part other than in abstract form.
All authors certify that the work is original and does not contain excessive overlap with prior or contemporaneous publication elsewhere, and where the publication reports on cohorts, trials, or data that have been reported on before these other publications must be referenced.
All original research work has been approved by the relevant bodies such as institutional review boards or ethics committees.
All conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise, that may affect the authors' ability to present data objectively, and relevant sources of funding have been duly declared in the manuscript.
The manuscript in its published form will be maintained on the servers of JCSM as a valid publication only as long as all statements in the guidelines on ethical publishing remain true.
If any of the aforementioned statements ceases to be true, the authors have a duty to notify the Editors of JCSM as soon as possible so that the available information regarding the published article can be updated and/or the manuscript can be withdrawn.
Physical exercise alters the activation of downstream proteins related to BDNF‐TrkB signaling in male Wistar rats with epilepsy
Authors: de Almeida Alexandre Aparecido , Gomes da Silva Sérgio , Lopim Glauber Menezes , Vannucci Campos Diego , Fernandes Jansen , Cabral Francisco Romero , Arida Ricardo Mario 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThere are a considerable number of studies concerning the behavioral effects of physical exercise on the epileptic brain; however, the intracellular signaling mechanisms involved remain unclear. We investigated the effects of aerobic exercise on hippocampal levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), expression of its receptor tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), and activation of intracellular proteins related to BDNF‐TrkB signaling in male Wistar rats with pilocarpine‐induced epilepsy. Thirty days after the first spontaneous seizure, rats from the exercise group undertook a 30‐day physical exercise program on the treadmill. Thereafter, BDNF levels, expression of TrkB, and activation of intracellular proteins were quantified by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and multiplex assay, respectively. Statistical analyses were conducted using nonparametric tests. Rats with epilepsy presented decreased BDNF levels compared with control rats. BDNF levels increased significantly in the exercise group compared with the epileptic and control groups. Expression of full‐length and truncated TrkB was increased in rats with epilepsy, and physical exercise restored its expression to control levels. RAC‐alpha serine/threonine‐protein kinase, mammalian target of rapamycin, and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase activation were reduced in rats with epilepsy, and exercise increased activation compared with control and epilepsy groups. Increased cAMP response element binding protein activation was observed in the exercise group compared with the epilepsy group. Our findings indicate that the beneficial effects of exercise in the epileptic brain can be in part related to alterations in the activation of proteins related to the BDNF‐TrkB signaling pathway.
Ephemeral aggregate layers in the water column leave lasting footprints in the carbon cycle
Authors: Prairie Jennifer C. , Ziervogel Kai , Camassa Roberto , McLaughlin Richard M. , White Brian L. , Johnson Zackary I. , Arnosti Carol 
Published: November 2017

AbstractMarine aggregates play a critical role in the biological pump, both as a dominant component of carbon flux and as hotspots for organic matter remineralization by microbial communities. In this study, we used laboratory experiments to investigate how aggregate thin layers, such as those commonly found in the coastal ocean, affect the distribution of bacteria and their activity. Diatom aggregates were added to a stratified water column, forming layers within which both microbial concentration and extracellular enzyme activity were substantially increased relative to background levels. Importantly, this enhancement of bacterial concentration and activity persisted long after the marine snow aggregates settled through the tank—that is, 10 times longer than the duration of the aggregate layer at the density interface. Thus, these small‐scale microbial interactions within aggregate layers leave behind considerable “carbon processing footprints” in the water column that may affect biogeochemical cycles at much larger temporal and spatial scales.
Level‐ limit linear series
Authors: Esteves Eduardo , Nigro Antonio , Rizzo Pedro 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe consider all one‐parameter families of smooth curves degenerating to a singular curve X and describe limits of linear series along such families. We treat here only the simplest case where X is the union of two smooth components meeting transversely at a point P. We introduce the notion of level‐δ limit linear series on X to describe these limits, where δ is the singularity degree of the total space of the degeneration at P. If the total space is regular, that is, , we recover the limit linear series introduced by Osserman in . So we extend his treatment to a more general setup. In particular, we construct a projective moduli space parameterizing level‐δ limit linear series of rank r and degree d on X, and show that it is a new compactification, for each δ, of the moduli space of Osserman exact limit linear series. Finally, we generalize by associating with each exact level‐δ limit linear series on X a closed subscheme of the dth symmetric product of X, and showing that, if is a limit of linear series on the smooth curves degenerating to X, then is the limit of the corresponding spaces of divisors. In short, we describe completely limits of divisors along degenerations to such a curve X.
Low back pain due to superior cluneal nerve entrapment: A clinicopathologic study
Authors: Kim Kyongsong , Shimizu Jun , Isu Toyohiko , Inoue Kiyoharu , Chiba Yasuhiro , Iwamoto Naotaka , Morimoto Daijiro , Isobe Masanori , Morita Akio 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTIntroductionWe studied the clinical and nerve pathologic features in 6 patients whose low back pain (LBP) was relieved by superior cluneal nerve (SCN) neurectomy to determine whether nerve compression was the mechanism underlying this type of LBP.MethodsAll 6 patients (7 nerves) underwent SCN neurectomy for intractable LBP. Their clinical outcomes and the pathologic features of 7 nerves were reviewed.ResultsAll patients reported LBP relief immediately after SCN neurectomy. Pathologic study of the 7 resected nerves showed marked enlargement, decreased myelinated fiber density, an increase in thinly myelinated fibers (n = 2), perineurial thickening (n = 5), subperineurial edema (n = 4), and Renaut bodies (n = 4). At the distal end of 1 enlarged nerve, we observed a moderate reduction in the density and marked reduction in the number of large myelinated fibers.DiscussionThe pathologic findings and effectiveness of neurectomy suggest that, in our patients, SCN neuropathy likely elicited LBP via nerve compression. Muscle Nerve 57: 777–783, 2018
Dendritic poly(benzyl ether)‐b‐poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) block copolymers: Self‐organization in aqueous media, thermoresponsiveness and biocompatibility
Authors: Tang Gang , Hu Minqi , He Fuxi , You Dan , Qian Yangyang , Bi Yunmei 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTFour generations of new amphiphilic thermoresponsive linear‐dendritic block copolymers (LDBCs) with a linear poly(N‐vinylcaprolactam) (PNVCL) block and a dendritic poly(benzyl ether) block are synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of N‐vinylcaprolactam (NVCL) using dendritic poly(benzyl ether) chlorides as initiators. The copolymers have been characterized by 1H NMR, FTIR, and GPC showing controlled molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution (PDI ≤ 1.25). Their self‐organization in aqueous media and thermoresponsive property are highly dependent on the generation of dendritic poly(benzyl ether) block. It is observed for the LDBCs that the self‐assembled morphology changes from irregularly spherical micelles, vesicles, rod‐like large compound vesicles (LCVs), to the coexistence of spherical micelles and rod‐like LCVs, as the generation of the dendritic poly(benzyl ether) increases. The results of a cytotoxicity study using an MTT assay method with L929 cells show that the LDBCs are biocompatible. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018, 56, 300–308
Large‐scale identification and visualization of N‐glycans with primary structures using GlySeeker
Authors: Xiao Kaijie , Wang Yue , Shen Yun , Han Yuyin , Tian Zhixin 
Published: November 2017

RationaleMost of the current popular tandem mass spectrometers have the capability of resolving the primary structures (monosaccharide composition, sequence and linkage) of N‐glycans; however, compositions or putative structures have mostly been reported so far. Identification and visualization tools of N‐glycans are needed.MethodsThe isotopic mass‐to‐charge ratio and envelope fingerprinting algorithm, which has been successfully used for intact protein database search and identification, was adapted for N‐glycan database search, and a stand‐alone N‐glycan database search engine, GlySeeker, for automated N‐glycan identification and visualization was developed and successfully benchmarked. Both pseudo 2D graph and one‐line text formats with one‐letter symbols for monosaccharides were proposed for representing N‐glycans. N‐glycans were identified with comprehensive interpretation of product ions and false discovery rate (FDR) control.ResultsIn a database search of reversed‐phase liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (RPLC/MS/MS) datasets of the N‐glycome enriched from OVCAR‐3 ovarian cancer cells, with FDR ≤1% and number of best hits (NoBHs) = 1–30, 1525 N‐glycans with comprehensive primary structural information (composition, sequence and linkage) were identified and visualized; among these 1525 N‐glycans, 559 had NoBHs = 1, i.e. their structures were uniquely identified. This represents a large‐scale identification and visualization of N‐glycans with primary structures from tandem mass spectra.ConclusionsA stand‐alone N‐glycan database search engine called GlySeeker has been developed for large‐scale identification and visualization of N‐glycans with comprehensive interpretation of tandem mass spectra and FDR control.