bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Squatted houses and city politics: communication and contention in Firenze
Authors: Frangioni Tommaso 
Published: October 2016

Cet article étudie les politiques du logement à Florence. Au cours de ces dernières années, les autorités locales ont favorisé le développement d’un tourisme de luxe international. L’organisation locale, Movimento Lotta per la Casa (Mouvement de lutte pour le logement), a des points communs avec les NMS (nouveaux mouvements sociaux), mais elle rappelle aussi les mouvements sociaux traditionnels. Elle exerce une véritable résistance physique et son discours sur la désobéissance propose une réappropriation de l’espace urbain. A travers la notion de « Droit à la Ville », j’analyse donc la relation existant entre les mouvements urbains et les régimes urbains.
Movimientos sociales y acción colectiva en Nicaragua : entre la identidad, autonomía y subordinación
Authors: Sánchez González Mario , Castro Quezada Douglas , Rodríguez Ramírez Rony , Guerra Vanegas Jorge 
Published: October 2016

Cet article analyse l'évolution de trois mouvements sociaux (indigène, femmes et travailleurs) à des moments-clés de l’histoire du Nicaragua : la dictature des Somoza (1934-1979), la révolution sandiniste (1979-1990) et l'ère néolibérale (années 1990-2000).
El Movimiento Migrante Mesoamericano. Una aproximación desde la sociología de la acción colectiva a un ejemplo de luchas migrantes
Authors: Varela Huerta Amarela 
Published: October 2016

Le Mexique est le théâtre d'au moins 40 000 morts et d'environ 120 000 disparitions forcées de transmigrants. Dans ce contexte, ce travail pose la question suivante : quelles formes d'action collectives sont propres aux organisations de migrants qui se développent dans les zones de transit migratoire ? À travers l’exemple du Movimiento Migrante Mesoamericano et en utilisant les outils que propose la sociologie des luttes migrantes, nous proposons une réflexion sur les formes d'action collective, la nature des revendications, les idéaux normatifs, les alliances stratégiques et les cycles de mobilisation dont les activistes de cette organisation de migrants sont les protagonistes. Ce travail repose sur différentes approches, notamment celles que proposent les sociologies de la migration et des mouvements sociaux.
Use of Ventilator Bundle and Staff Education to Decrease Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Intensive Care Patients
Authors: Parisi Maria , Gerovasili Vasiliki , Dimopoulos Stavros , Kampisiouli Efstathia , Goga Christina , Perivolioti Efstathia , Argyropoulou Athina , Routsi Christina , Tsiodras Sotirios , Nanas Serafeim 
Published: October 2016

BackgroundVentilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), one of the most common hospital-acquired infections, has a high mortality rate.ObjectivesTo evaluate the incidence of VAP in a multidisciplinary intensive care unit and to examine the effects of the implementation of ventilator bundles and staff education on its incidence.MethodsA 24-month-long before/after study was conducted, divided into baseline, intervention, and postintervention periods. VAP incidence and rate, the microbiological profile, duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of stay in the intensive care unit were recorded and compared between the periods.ResultsOf 1097 patients evaluated, 362 met the inclusion criteria. The baseline VAP rate was 21.6 per 1000 ventilator days. During the postintervention period, it decreased to 11.6 per 1000 ventilator days (P = .01). Length of stay in the intensive care unit decreased from 36 to 27 days (P = .04), and duration of mechanical ventilation decreased from 26 to 21 days (P = .06).ConclusionsVAP incidence was high in a general intensive care unit in a Greek hospital. However, implementation of a ventilator bundle and staff education has decreased both VAP incidence and length of stay in the unit.
Antibody Binding to CD4 Induces Rac GTPase Activation and Alters T Cell Migration
Authors: Morillon Y. Maurice , Lessey-Morillon Elizabeth Chase , Clark Matthew , Zhang Rui , Wang Bo , Burridge Keith , Tisch Roland 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The use of nondepleting Abs specific for CD4 and CD8 is an effective strategy to tolerize CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in a tissue-specific manner. We reported that coreceptor therapy reverses diabetes in new onset NOD mice. A striking feature of coreceptor-induced remission is the purging of T cells from the pancreatic lymph nodes (PLN) and islets of NOD mice. Evidence indicates that Abs binding to the coreceptors promotes T cell egress from these tissues. The present study examined how coreceptor therapy affects the migration of CD4+ T cells residing in the PLN of NOD mice. Anti-CD4 Ab treatment resulted in an increased frequency of PLN but not splenic CD4+ T cells that exhibited a polarized morphology consistent with a migratory phenotype. Furthermore, PLN CD4+ T cells isolated from anti-CD4 versus control Ab-treated animals displayed increased in vitro chemotaxis to chemoattractants such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and CXCL12. Notably, the latter was dependent on activation of the small Rho GTPases Rac1 and Rac2. Rac1 and Rac2 activation was increased in Ab-bound CD4+ T cells from the PLN but not the spleen, and knockdown of Rac expression blocked the heightened reactivity of Ab-bound PLN CD4+ T cells to CXCL12. Interestingly, Rac1 and Rac2 activation was independent of Rac guanine nucleotide exchange factors known to regulate T cell activity. Therefore, Ab binding to CD4 initiates a novel pathway that involves inflammation-dependent activation of Rac and establishment of altered T cell migratory properties.
Upregulation of IFN-Inducible and Damage-Response Pathways in Chronic Graft-versus-Host Disease
Authors: Hakim Frances T. , Memon Sarfraz , Jin Ping , Imanguli Matin M. , Wang Huan , Rehman Najibah , Yan Xiao-Yi , Rose Jeremy , Mays Jacqueline W. , Dhamala Susan , Kapoor Veena , Telford William , Dickinson John , Davis Sean , Halverson David , Naik Haley B. , Baird Kristin , Fowler Daniel , Stroncek David , Cowen Edward W. , Pavletic Steven Z. , Gress Ronald E. 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
Although chronic graft-versus-host disease (CGVHD) is the primary nonrelapse complication of allogeneic transplantation, understanding of its pathogenesis is limited. To identify the main operant pathways across the spectrum of CGVHD, we analyzed gene expression in circulating monocytes, chosen as in situ systemic reporter cells. Microarrays identified two interrelated pathways: 1) IFN-inducible genes, and 2) innate receptors for cellular damage. Corroborating these with multiplex RNA quantitation, we found that multiple IFN-inducible genes (affecting lymphocyte trafficking, differentiation, and Ag presentation) were concurrently upregulated in CGVHD monocytes compared with normal subjects and non-CGVHD control patients. IFN-inducible chemokines were elevated in both lichenoid and sclerotic CGHVD plasma and were linked to CXCR3+ lymphocyte trafficking. Furthermore, the levels of the IFN-inducible genes CXCL10 and TNFSF13B (BAFF) were correlated at both the gene and the plasma levels, implicating IFN induction as a factor in elevated BAFF levels in CGVHD. In the second pathway, damage-/pathogen-associated molecular pattern receptor genes capable of inducing type I IFN were upregulated. Type I IFN-inducible MxA was expressed in proportion to CGVHD activity in skin, mucosa, and glands, and expression of TLR7 and DDX58 receptor genes correlated with upregulation of type I IFN-inducible genes in monocytes. Finally, in serial analyses after transplant, IFN-inducible and damage-response genes were upregulated in monocytes at CGVHD onset and declined upon therapy and resolution in both lichenoid and sclerotic CGVHD patients. This interlocking analysis of IFN-inducible genes, plasma analytes, and tissue immunohistochemistry strongly supports a unifying hypothesis of induction of IFN by innate response to cellular damage as a mechanism for initiation and persistence of CGVHD.
Optimization and Validation of a Fast UPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Hydroquinone, Kojic Acid, Octinoxate, Avobenzone, BHA, and BHT
Authors: Galimany-Rovira Fanny , Pérez-Lozano Pilar , García-Montoya Encarna , Miñarro-Carmona Montse , Ticó-Grau Josep R , Suñé-Negre Josep M 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
A previously published HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of six major components (hydroquinone, kojic acid, octinoxate, avobenzone, butylated hydroxyanisole, and butylated hydroxytoluene) in a skin-whitening cream was transferred and optimized to an ultra-performance LC system. Separation was achieved in a ZORBAX SB-Phenyl Rapid-Resolution High Throughput column (2.1 × 100 mm, 1.8 μm), using a mobile phase consisting of water with 0.1% acetic acid and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.7 mL/min. The column was maintained at 40°C, and detection was carried out at 230 nm using a diode-array detector. These chromatographic conditions allow the separation of the six compounds in 3 min instead of 14 min. The extraction procedure was optimized, reducing the time and demonstrating its suitability. The method was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization guidelines, with respect to specificity, precision, accuracy, and linearity. Selectivity was found to be satisfactory. Linear regression analysis data for all compounds showed a good linear relationship, with r2 &gt; 0.999 in the concentration range of 50–120% of the label claim for each compound. The RSD for precision and accuracy of the method was found to be less than 2% forall compounds. Comparison of system performance with the previously published HPLC method was made with respect to analysis time, efficacy, and resolution. The proposed method is faster and consumes less solvent and was applied in the determination of six major compounds in batches of skin-whitening cream manufactured during thevalidation process.
A Construção do Concílio Vaticano II: intuições germinais do Papa João XXIII em vista de um evento renovador
Authors: Passos João Décio 
Published: October 2016

<p>O Concílio Vaticano II foi construído dentro de uma tradição solidamente constituída na Igreja católica. Todos os Concílios foram realizados dentro dos parâmetros tradicionais e legais da Igreja. A pergunta pela condição de possibilidade de um Concílio renovador no âmbito dessa tradição se mostra relevante. O Vaticano II é o resultado de uma negociação entre renovação e preservação. O Papa João XXIII coordenou pessoalmente a construção da legitimidade do novo evento, seguindo passos que podem ser recuperados no decorrer das fases preparatórias da grande assembleia. A leitura desse processo a partir de parâmetros sociológicos pode elucidar sua plausibilidade dentro da tradição e da organização burocrática da Igreja. O Papa João iniciou habilmente um processo de renovação da Igreja, inaugurando uma nova fase na longa tradição católica. Na condição de Papa soube plantar a ideia de um evento renovador, em nome de uma inspiração divina e contando com a participação do conjunto dos bispos da Igreja. </p>
A catequese no mundo atual. Crises, desafios e um novo paradigma para a catequese - Resenha
Authors: Carrara Paulo Sérgio 
Published: October 2016

<p>Resenha do livro A catequese no mundo atual: Crises, desafios e um novo paradigma catequético, sobre o terceiro paradigma catequético do teólogo francês Denis Villepelet, elaborado desde os desafios postos pela pós-modernidade à iniciação cristã, mormente à catequese. A autora faz avaliação teológico-crítica do terceiro paradigma, mostrando sua plausibilidade e pertinência para o contexto brasileiro e latino-americano.</p><p>CARMO, Solange Maria do. <strong>A catequese no mundo atual</strong>: crises, desafios e um novo paradigma para a catequese. São Paulo: Paulus, 2016. 260p. ISBN 978-85-349-4358-1. </p>
O Budismo de imigrantes japoneses no âmbito do Budismo brasileiro
Authors: Usarski Frank 
Published: October 2016

<p>O artigo reflete sobre o Budismo de imigrantes japoneses que é no Brasil o segmento histórico e numericamente mais importante do chamado “Budismo étnico”. O último representa, ao lado do Budismo de conversão, uma das duas principais subcategorias analíticas do universo budista do País. O texto começa com uma reconstrução da trajetória desta corrente religiosa em relação a outras tendências observáveis no campo budista em geral. Por razões analíticas, a história da Budismo de imigração japonesa é subdividida em quatro fases. A segunda parte do artigo submete os dados anteriormente apresentados à uma avaliação sociológica. Tal interpretação apropria-se, sobretudo, das estatísticas referente ao Budismo fornecidas pelo IBGE por meio dos censos nacionais desde 1950. Os dados indicam um declínio gradativo do Budismo de imigração no decorrer das últimas décadas que culminou em uma crise generalizada do segmento do Budismo em questão. Na busca para os possíveis fatores responsáveis por desenvolvimento negativo, o artigo contempla aspectos como a falta de recursos e falhas logísticas por parte de instituições budistas ou a dificuldade das famílias de descendência japonesa em transmitir sua herança religioso-cultural para seus filhos.</p>
O lugar da experiência na práxis teológica das igrejas cristãs orientais
Authors: Tamanini Paulo Augusto 
Published: October 2016

<p>Os conceitos, a linguagem e as acepções teóricas formulam um conhecimento. A Teologia, como área de um saber, também se serve de princípios teóricos para elucidar o Transcendente. Contudo, a Teologia Oriental apregoa que antes de todo conceito, os saberes decorrentes da experiência de fé do homem com Deus não são resultantes somente de fórmulas conceituais, axiomas irrefutáveis; brotam da intimidade pessoal e da experiência de fé que, longe de serem confundidas com ideologias, abstrações, alucinações de natureza psíquica, instituíam-se quais fundamentos e materialidade da teologia oriental. Neste universo de conhecimentos teológicos, afora o conjunto de conceitos, a fé oriental ultrapassa a lógica e parâmetros de um conhecimento elaborado apenas por teorias e dá espaço e relevância à experiência vivida. Para o cristianismo oriental, na experiência estão a chave, a distinção e a especificidade da Teologia oriental que procura dialogar com o mundo em sua inteireza. Este artigo discorre sobre o lugar da experiência na <em>práxis</em> teológica das igrejas cristãs orientais, buscando nos teólogos orientais ortodoxos gregos e eslavos os pressupostos e fundamentos para tal compreensão.</p>
A Religião e o Esgotamento do Iluminismo - Estudo de Filosofia da Religião a Partir da Dialética do Iluminismo
Authors: Moraes Junior Manoel Ribeiro 
Published: October 2016

<p>Os estudos da religião na modernidade renascentista e iluminista estiveram sempre sob as condições das promessas emancipatórias de um saber secular, tecnologicamente experimental e crítico às tradições, visando à emancipação social em relação às antigas formas de pensamento e sociedade. Contudo, as catástrofes das grandes guerras e dos problemas decorrentes de formas políticas e econômicas de características técnicas e burocráticas favoreceram mazelas dolorosas e até sanguinárias no século XX. A religião sempre foi tratada sob a dimensão das sociedades tradicionais, das quais a modernidade lutava para se libertar. Este artigo trata de um estudo escrito por Adorno e Horkheimer, que é crítico aos aspectos ideológicos e germinais desta modernidade. Entre leitura e análise dos pensadores frankfurtianos, este artigo enfoca mais ainda as implicações aos estudos da religião, momento em que os pensadores frankfurtianos tecem uma genealogia arquetípica e sociopsicanalítica da modernidade, visando, antes de tudo, as possibilidades de uma emancipação social.<strong> </strong></p>
Um altar romano na baía do Guajará: programa iconológico e reforma católica na Catedral da Sé de Belém do Pará (1867-1892)
Authors: Figueiredo Aldrin , Rodrigues Silvio Ferreira 
Published: October 2016

<p>Este artigo analisa o papel da arte sacra e religiosa na Amazônia no contexto do movimento de renovação do catolicismo brasileiro no século XIX, conhecido como reforma católica Para isso, toma, como objeto de análise, a encomenda do altar mor de Nossa Senhora de Belém pelo bispo do Pará D. Antônio de Macedo Costa (1830-1891) para o escultor e arquiteto italiano Luca Carimini (1830-1890). Essa obra, juntamente com outras realizadas no mesmo período do pontificado de Pio IX, perfaz um programa iconológico e um corpus narrativo de fundo artístico e sagrado, que são testemunhos da pedagogia e dos debates políticos na história do catolicismo romano e brasileiro do século XIX. Além disso, movimenta artistas que atuaram sob o mecenato do papa Pio IX para cidades latino-americanas como Santiago, no Chile, e Belém do Pará, no Brasil, evidenciando conexões artísticas, intelectuais e religiosas entre o Vaticano e a América do Sul, como parte do movimento internacional de renovação do catolicismo. </p>
Biodiesel production using immobilized lipase: feasibility and challenges
Authors: Sankaran Revathy , Show Pau Loke , Chang Jo‐Shu 
Published: October 2016

AbstractFatty acid alkyl esters (FAAE, also known as biodiesel) is one of the best alternatives to fossil fuels. Biodiesel can be synthesized via transesterification of oil with alcohol by either chemical or enzymatic catalysis. In particular, immobilized lipase as biocatalyst for transesterification has recently drawn great attention due to its environmental and economic benefits over conventional chemical catalytic processes. This paper provides an in‐depth review of the feasibility and the challenges of biodiesel production catalyzed by immobilized lipase, with the emphasis on lipase immobilization techniques, factors affecting biodiesel synthesis, and whole cell catalysis. It is necessary to upgrade the existing methods and to further exploit new techniques to make the immobilized lipase‐catalyzed biodiesel synthesis technically feasible and commercially viable for practical applications. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Product life cycle management approach for integration of engineering design and life cycle engineering
Authors: Penciuc Diana , Le Duigou Julien , Daaboul Joanna , Vallet Flore , Eynard Benoît 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOptimized lightweight manufacturing of parts is crucial for automotive and aeronautical industries in order to stay competitive and to reduce costs and fuel consumption. Hence, aluminum becomes an unquestionable material choice regarding these challenges. Nevertheless, using only virgin aluminum is not satisfactory because its extraction requires high use of energy and effort, and its manufacturing has high environmental impact. For these reasons, the use of recycled aluminum alloys is recommended considering their properties meet the expected technical and environmental added values. This requires complete reengineering of the classical life cycle of aluminum-based products and the collaboration practices in the global supply chain. The results from several interdependent disciplines all need to be taken into account for a global product/process optimization. Toward achieving this, a method for sustainability assessment integration into product life cycle management and a platform for life cycle simulation integrating environmental concerns are proposed in this paper. The platform may be used as a decision support system in the early product design phase by simulating the life cycle of a product (from material selection to production and recycling phases) and calculating its impact on the environment.
Mode of renal replacement therapy determines endotoxemia and neutrophil dysfunction in chronic kidney disease
Authors: Lemesch Sandra , Ribitsch Werner , Schilcher Gernot , Spindelböck Walter , Hafner-Gießauf Hildegard , Marsche Gunther , Pasterk Lisa , Payerl Doris , Schmerböck Bianca , Tawdrous Monika , Rosenkranz Alexander R. , Stiegler Philipp , Kager Gerd , Hallström Seth , Oettl Karl , Eberhard Katharina , Horvath Angela , Leber Bettina , Stadlbauer Vanessa 
Published: October 2016

AbstractBacterial infection and sepsis are common complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD). A vicious cycle of increased gut permeability, endotoxemia, inadequate activation of the innate immune system and resulting innate immune dysfunction is hypothesized. We assessed endotoxemia, neutrophil function and its relation to oxidative stress, inflammation and gut permeability in patients with CKD grade 3–5 without renal replacement therapy (CKD group, n = 57), patients with CKD stage 5 undergoing haemodialysis (HD, n = 32) or peritoneal dialysis (PD, n = 28) and patients after kidney transplantation (KT, n = 67) in a cross-sectional observational study. In HD patients, endotoxin serum levels were elevated and neutrophil phagocytic capacity was decreased compared to all other groups. Patients on HD had a significantly higher mortality, due to infections during follow up, compared to PD (p = 0.022). Oxidative stress, neutrophil energy charge, systemic inflammation and gut permeability could not completely explain these differences. Our findings suggest that dialysis modality and not renal function per se determine the development of neutrophil dysfunction and endotoxemia in CKD-patients. HD patients are particularly prone to neutrophil dysfunction and endotoxemia whereas neutrophil function seems to improve after KT. Multi-target approaches are therefore warranted to improve neutrophil function and potentially reduce the rate of infections with patients undergoing haemodialysis.
Apocynin and Nox2 regulate NF-κB by modifying thioredoxin-1 redox-state
Authors: Trevelin Silvia Cellone , dos Santos Célio Xavier , Ferreira Raphael Gomes , de Sá Lima Larissa , Silva Rangel Leal , Scavone Cristoforo , Curi Rui , Alves-Filho José Carlos , Cunha Thiago Mattar , Roxo-Júnior Pérsio , Cervi Maria-Célia , Laurindo Francisco Rafael Martins , Hothersall John Stephen , Cobb Andrew M. , Zhang Min , Ivetic Aleksandar , Shah Ajay M. , Lopes Lucia Rossetti , Cunha Fernando Queiroz 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe reactive-oxygen-species-(ROS)-generating-enzyme Nox2 is essential for leukocyte anti-microbial activity. However its role in cellular redox homeostasis and, consequently, in modulating intracellular signaling pathways remains unclear. Herein, we show Nox2 activation favors thioredoxin-1 (TRX-1)/p40phox interaction, which leads to exclusion of TRX-1 from the nucleus. In contrast, the genetic deficiency of Nox2 or its pharmacological inhibition with apocynin (APO) results in reductive stress after lipopolysaccharide-(LPS)-cell stimulation, which causes nuclear accumulation of TRX-1 and enhanced transcription of inflammatory mediators through nuclear-factor-(NF)-κB. The NF-κB overactivation is prevented by TRX-1 oxidation using inhibitors of thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR-1). The Nox2/TRX-1/NF-κB intracellular signaling pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) and sepsis. In fact, TrxR-1 inhibition prevents nuclear accumulation of TRX-1 and LPS-stimulated hyperproduction of tumor-necrosis-factor-(TNF)-α by monocytes and neutrophils purified from blood of CGD patients, who have deficient Nox2 activity. TrxR-1 inhibitors, either lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) or auranofin (AUR), also increase survival rates of mice undergoing cecal-ligation-and-puncture-(CLP). Therefore, our results identify a hitherto unrecognized Nox2-mediated intracellular signaling pathway that contributes to hyperinflammation in CGD and in septic patients. Additionally, we suggest that TrxR-1 inhibitors could be potential drugs to treat patients with sepsis, particularly in those with CGD.