bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
أخلاقيات المدينة الفاضلة بين الفارابي وابن رشد.
Authors: هاشم عبد العزيز سيد 
Published: October 2024

المدينة الفاضلة هي الحلم الأعظم للناس جميعًا، ولا سيّما الفلاسفة والمفكرون الذين يتطلعون إلى وضع أسس لنظام سياسي يكفل السعادة للجميع. وكان الفارابي وابن رشد في مقدمة الذين أدلوا بدلوهم في هذا الموضوع؛ فكتب الفارابي (آراء أهل المدينة الفاضلة)، وشرح ابن رشد جمهورية أفلاطون.
والهدف من البحث هو الوقوف على جهود الفارابي وابن رشد في جانب من أهم جوانب المدينة الفاضلة، وهو الجانب الأخلاقي.
وقد اشتمل البحث على أربعة مباحث، تتناول: ترجمة الحَكِيمَيْن، ودوافعهما للحديث عن المدينة الفاضلة، وأخلاقيات المدينة الفاضلة، والمدن غير الفاضلة.
وتكمن مشكلة البحث في تحديد الجوانب الأخلاقية التي وردت في المدينة الفاضلة – سواء أكانت إيجابية أم سلبية - وموقف الفارابي وابن رشد منها.
أما عن المنهج المتبع في الدراسة فقد حرصتُ على مراعاة أصول البحث العلمي – قدر الإمكان- والالتزام بالموضوعية، مستعينًا بالمنهج الوصفي ثم المنهج التحليلي ثم المنهج المقارن.
وكان من أهم نتائج البحث أن الفارابي وابن رشد لم يكونا مجرد ناقلين أو شارحين للفكر السياسي الأفلاطوني فحسب، بل كانا يضيفان من أصالة فكرهما ونتائج خبرتهما وخلاصة تأملاتهما.
وقد ربط الحكيمان بين السياسة والأخلاق، وهما يريان أن السياسة لا تنفصل عن الأخلاق، وإنما يمثلان كلاًّ واحدًا يدور حول السعادة وكيفية تحصيلها.
وأظهر البحث أن الأثر الإسلامي في مدينة الفارابي وابن رشد باهت، بينما الأثر الأفلاطوني يعلن عن نفسه، وكنا نود ألا ينساق حكيمانا وراء أفلاطون في قضايا عنصرية يرفضها العقل والدين، وأن يستحضرا النموذج الإسلامي لتلك المدينة التي تحققت على أرض الواقع في عهد الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم وخلفائه الراشدين.
Holographic Ultrasound Modulates Neural Activity in a 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
Authors: Zhou Hui , Li Fei , Lin Zhengrong , Meng Long , Chen Dan , Zhang Qingping , Niu Lili 
Published: October 2024

Ultrasound (US) has emerged as a noninvasive neurostimulation method for motor control in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Previous in vivo US neuromodulation studies for PD were single-target stimulation. However, the motor symptoms of PD are linked with neural circuit dysfunction, and multi-target stimulation is conducted in clinical treatment for PD. Thus, in the present study, we achieved multi-target US stimulation using holographic lens transducer based on the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction integral and time-reversal methods. We demonstrated that holographic US stimulation of the bilateral dorsal striatum (DS) could improve the motor function in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced mouse model of PD. The holographic US wave (fundamental frequency: 3 MHz, pulse repetition frequency: 500 Hz, duty cycle: 20%, tone-burst duration: 0.4 ms, sonication duration: 1 s, interstimulus interval: 4 s, spatial-peak temporal-average intensity: 180 mw/cm
2
) was delivered to the bilateral DS 20 min per day for consecutive 10 d after the last injection of MPTP. Immunohistochemical c-Fos staining demonstrated that holographic US significantly increased the c-Fos-positive neurons in the bilateral DS compared with the sham group (
P
= 0.003). Moreover, our results suggested that holographic US stimulation of the bilateral DS ameliorated motor dysfunction (
P
< 0.05) and protected the dopaminergic (DA) neurons (
P
< 0.001). The neuroprotective effect of holographic US was associated with the prevention of axon degeneration and the reinforcement of postsynaptic densities [growth associated protein-43 (
P
< 0.001), phosphorylated Akt (
P
= 0.001), β3-tubulin (
P
< 0.001), phosphorylated CRMP2 (
P
= 0.037), postsynaptic density (
P
= 0.023)]. These data suggested that holographic US-induced acoustic radiation force has the potential to achieve multi-target neuromodulation and could serve as a reliable tool for the treatment of PD.
6-Shogaol Derived from Ginger Inhibits Intestinal Crypt Stem Cell Differentiation and Contributes to Irritable Bowel Syndrome Risk
Authors: Zhao Bing , Ye Juan , Zhao Wenjing , Liu Xinyu , Lan Hongli , Sun Jinbing , Chen Jiao , Cai Xueting , Wei Qingyun , Zhou Qian , Zhang Zhengwei , Wu Yuze , Yang Yang , Cao Peng 
Published: October 2024

Dietary factors play a crucial role in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) pathogenesis. Therefore, the dietary contraindications for patients with IBS require further supplementation. Recent investigations have revealed that ginger consumption may pose a risk of aggravating the symptoms and incidence of IBS; however, the specific mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we developed experimental IBS and intestinal organoid differentiation screening models to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the ginger-mediated exacerbation of IBS symptoms. Subsequently, we used a knockout approach combined with click chemistry as well as virus infection to identify the toxic components of ginger and the target mechanism. Our results showed that a daily intake of 90 to 300 mg/kg ginger (equivalent to a human daily dose of 0.6 to 2 g per person) may pose a risk of exacerbating IBS symptoms. Furthermore, a component derived from 6-gingerol (ginger’s main ingredient) through in vivo gastric acid and heat processing inhibited the formation of the eIF3 transcription initiation complex by covalently binding to the Cys
58
site of eIF3A, a key factor regulating intestinal crypt stem cell differentiation, further reducing the goblet cell number and related mucus layer thickness and increasing lipopolysaccharide infiltration and low-grade inflammation in the ileum crypts, thereby exacerbating the symptoms of IBS in mice. Our study suggests that dietary ginger aggravates IBS and provides safety evaluation methods for the proper use of foods in specific populations.
Постижение России: прорывы и тупики в развитии отечественной гуманитарной мысли (ХVII-начала ХХI вв.) 4.7. Теоретическое осмысление России консерваторами в контексте катастрофы ХХ в.
Authors: АВАНЕСОВА Г.А. , МИРОНОВ А.В. 
Published: October 2024

Авторы анализируют, как осмысляли некоторые направления отечественной гуманитарной мысли особенности России ‒ ее истории, общества и культуры Нового времени. Основное внимание уделено консервативной мысли. Эти процессы научно-философского самопознания прослеживаются, во-первых, по ходу взаимодействий России с западноевропейской цивилизацией, с ее гуманитарис­тикой и теорией познания, во-вторых, в контексте внутренних трансформаций культурно-цивилизационного и парадигмального характера в империи, в советское и постсоветское время.
The authors analyze how the peculiarities of Russia ‒ its history, society, and culture of Modern times-have interpreted some areas of Russian humanitarian thought. The main focus is on conservative thought. These processes of scientific and philosophical self-knowledge are traced, first, in the course of Russia’s interactions with Western European civilization, with its humanitarianism and theory of knowledge, and secondly, in the context of internal transformations of cultural and civilizational and paradigmatic nature in the empire, in the Soviet and post-Soviet times.
Psycholinguistic Studies: Strategies for Acquiring Arabic Vocabulary in Preschool Children
Authors: Dahlia Iis , Azzahra Luthfi Qolbi , Setiyawan Agung 
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this study is to find out the strategy of acquiring Arabic vocabulary in preschool children. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, with a library research approach. The data collection technique used is in the form of documentation techniques. Data analysis techniques with a descriptive-analytical approach. by using the content analysis method. The data sources in this study are references and guidelines related to the problem being researched as literature data. The results of this study show that there are seven strategies that can be applied to acquire Arabic vocabulary in preschool children, including: First, contextual learning strategies. Second, image-based vocabulary acquisition strategies. Third, vocabulary acquisition strategies by singing and rhyme. Fourth, vocabulary acquisition strategies with illustrated stories. Fifth, vocabulary acquisition strategies are based on language games. Sixth, vocabulary acquisition strategies with creative activities, and Seventh, vocabulary acquisition strategies with social interaction. Hopefully, this research can help future research and these strategies can be applied in learning for the acquisition of Arabic vocabulary in preschool children.
Al Tahlîl at Taqābuli fi Al Tasybîh Bayna Lughat Al 'Arabiyah Wa Lughoti Al Indûnisiyah wa Al Istifādah Minhu Ta’lîmiyan
Authors: Azhar Rafif , Syahri Musta'in , Idris Nasaruddin , Santoso Budi 
Published: October 2024

<table style="width: 697px;" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="510"><p>This research aims to determine the similarities and differences between similes in Arabic and Indonesian languages, as well as the lessons learned from this analysis. The research employs a comparative analysis, which involves comparing Arabic similes with Indonesian similes to identify the differences between the two within the science of balaghah. A descriptive approach is adopted for this research. Data collection utilizes documentation and observation instruments, specifically through reviewing journals and books related to tasybih. The study's findings reveal that similes are widely used in both Arabic and Indonesian. However, there are some key similarities and differences between the two languages. Similarities lie in the meaning and function of similes, as they are used as metaphors in poetry and literature. The primary difference lies in the lack of subcategories for similes in Indonesian compared to Arabic. Additionally, the tools used for constructing similes are more extensive in Arabic. Furthermore, similes offer educational benefits in language learning by aiding learners in understanding and memorizing new vocabulary and grammatical structures. This study demonstrates the potential of similes as a tool for teaching both Arabic and Indonesian languages, particularly in enhancing language skills and cultural understanding.</p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="510"><p> </p></td></tr></tbody></table>
PENGEMBANGAN MATERI AJAR PERMAINAN BOLAVOLI FASE E DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI I BAUBAU DENGAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN AKTIF (Asyik, Karakter, Terukur, Inovatif dan Fit) PADA MATA PELAJARAN PJOK BERBASIS KURIKULUM MERDEKA
Authors: Rihuddin Rihuddin , Muhyi Muhammad Muhyi , Wiyarno Yoso Wiyarno 
Published: October 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengembangkan materi ajar pembelajaran Pendidikan Jasmani Olahraga dan Kesehatan (PJOK) dengan strategi pembelajaran AKTIF (Asyik, karakter, Terukur, Inovatif dan Fit) yang berbasis kurikulum merdeka pada fase E di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Baubau fokus pada permainan bola besar khusus di permianan bolavoli. Metode penelitian diarahkan pada peneltiian pengembangan yang merujuk pada tahapan peneltiian Borg dan Gall. Tahapan penelitian pengembangan meliputi identifikasi masalah, mendesain produk, validasi produk, ujicoba produk kelompok kecil, revisi, ujicoba kelompok sedang, revisi, ujicoba kelompok besar, revisi dan final produk materi ajar. Populasi adalah seluruh siswa MAN Baubau sedankgan sampel adalah 168 siswa kelas XII, instrumen pengumpulan data dan instrumen penelitian adalah angket yang dikembangkan untuk menilai materi ajar. Teknik analisis data deskriptif kuantitatif dalam bentuk persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rancangan sudah divalidasi oleh ahli dengan tingkat kelayakan 83,8% dan 91.3%. Hasil ujicoba kelompok kecil adalah 83.3% , hasil ujicoba kelompok sedang adalah 84.3% dan hasil uji kelompok besar adalah 91,3% sehingga dikatakan hasil penelitian menunjukkan produk materi ajar PJOK Fase E sudah selesai dan berhasil dikembangkan untuk siswa di MAN Baubau Pelajaran PJOK. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa hasil pengembangan materi ajar PJOK di MAN Baubau fase E dapat dikembangkan dan diterapkan untuk siswa pada pembelajaran dengan strategi PJOK AKTIF.
Experivivências (auto)etnográficas no estágio como pesquisa nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental: perspectivas teórico-práticas performativas
Authors: Silva Nascimento Bruno , Souza de Jesus Silva Maria Jeane , Silva Nascimento Soares Eugênia , Stéffany da Silva Alves Jamilly , De Fátima Pereira Carvalho Maria , Texeira da Silva Priscila 
Published: October 2024

O objetivo da narrativa em tela é relatar experivivências (auto)etnográficas no estágio como pesquisa III – nos anos iniciais do ensino fundamental da rede pública municipal em Guanambi – BA, amparado em teorias e práticas performativas. Nesse sentido, destaca-se a importância dessa etapa para a (trans)formação do pensamento crítico e reflexivo de praxiologias no âmbito escola/universidade. A intervenção teórica se alicerça em concepções mais recentes relacionadas aos saberes docentes, experivivências, formação profissional e ontoepistemologias críticas. É sob o prisma da promoção da justiça e da equidade social que essa narrativa respira ares de mudança a partir da seguinte inquietação: Como a visão apresentada neste trabalho no âmbito do estágio contribui para o campo da educação, ao destacar a importância das teorias e práticas performativas na formação e atuação dos profissionais da área? Metodologicamente, ancora-se nos estudos sobre autoetnografia/autocrítica reflexiva (Takaki, 2020), que possibilita uma ampla diversidade de perspectivas e insights na esfera da pesquisa qualitativa. Em síntese, o presente estudo revelou/revela a necessidade de focalizarmos a formação continuada de professores, visando a uma atualização pedagógica mais significativa, que implica no desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais e conhecimento das melhores práticas educativas possíveis.
Abstract
This narrative aims to report (auto)ethnographic experiences in internship as research III course, in elementary school early years in municipal public school system in Guanambi - BA, grounded on theories and performative practices. The study highlights the importance of this stage for the (trans)formation of critical and reflective thought regarding praxiologies in the school/university. The theoretical intervention is based on more recent concepts related to teaching knowledge, experivivences, professional training, and critical onto-epistemologies. Under the guise of promoting justice and social equity, this narrative breathes airs of change from the following inquiry: How does the vision presented in this study within the internship contribute to the field of education, by highlighting the importance of theories and performative practices in the training and work of professionals in the area? Methodologically, it is anchored in studies on autoethnography/reflective self-criticism (Takaki, 2020), which enables a wide diversity of perspectives and insights within the sphere of qualitative research. In summary, the study has revealed the need to focus on the continuous teacher training, aiming to a more meaningful pedagogical update that implies the development of socioemotional skills and knowledge of the best possible educational practices.
To know or not to know? Curiosity and the value of prospective information in animals
Authors: Ajuwon Victor , Monteiro Tiago , Schnell Alexandra K. , Clayton Nicola S. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractHumans and other animals often seek instrumental information to strategically improve their decisions in the present. Our curiosity also leads us to acquire non-instrumental information that is not immediately useful but can be encoded in memory and stored for use in the future by means of episodic recall. Despite its adaptive benefits and central role in human cognition, questions remain about the cognitive mechanisms and evolutionary origins that underpin curiosity. Here, we comparatively review recent empirical studies that some authors have suggested reflects curiosity in nonhuman animals. We focus on findings from laboratory tasks in which individuals can choose to gain advanced information about uncertain future outcomes, even though the information cannot be used to increase future rewards and is often costly. We explore the prevalence of preferences in these tasks across animals, discuss the theoretical advances that they have promoted, and outline some limitations in contemporary research. We also discuss several features of human curiosity that can guide future empirical research aimed at characterising and understanding curiosity in animals. Though the prevalence of curiosity in animals is actively debated, we surmise that investigating behavioural candidates for curiosity-motivated behaviour in a broader range of species and contexts, should help promote theoretical advances in our understanding of cognitive principles and evolutionary pressures that support curiosity-driven behaviour.
ПОЛУЧЕНИЕ МЕЖСОРТОВЫХ ГИБРИДОВ КАК ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА ДЛЯ СЕЛЕКЦИИ КАРТОФЕЛЯ
Authors: Абилда Жанар , Сапахова Загипа , Сидорик Александр , Райсова Нургуль , Дауров Диас , Хандакар Рафик Ислам , Жамбакин Кабыл 
Published: October 2024

Картофель является одной из стратегически важных сельскохозяйственных культур Казахстана. При этом основные площади возделывания картофеля заняты зарубежными сортами, ввиду долгого вегетационного периода местных сортов. Данная статья посвящена созданию исходного селекционного материала картофеля. Приводятся результаты по гибридизации сортов отечественной и зарубежной селекции. Основное внимание уделяется созданию сортов с неглубоким залеганием глазков и c желтым цветом, без ферментного почернения и раннеспелостью. По итогу гибридизации растений из 4 комбинаций 7 были успешными (57%). Из полученных 4 гибридов, 3 оказались фертильными и жизнеспособными. Процент всхожести растений в почве составил 33,3%, 45,4% и 60% для Гала х Шагалалы, Ягодный 19 х Fry и Гала х Ягодный 19 соответственно. Высокая результативность как по выживаемости растений, так и по количеству и размеру клубней была характерна для комбинаций одним из родителей в которых выступал сорт Ягодный. Самый крупный миниклубень составил 4,5 см, а маленький 1,2 см для одного и того же гибрида, но разных линий. Создана коллекция растений in vitro для сохранения исходного материала.
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ УСЛОВИЙ ВВЕДЕНИЯ В КУЛЬТУРУ IN VITRO И МИКРОКЛОНАЛЬНОГО РАЗМНОЖЕНИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ ЕЖЕВИКИ (RUBUS L.)
Authors: Тезекбаева Ботакоз , Хасейн Алтын , Хансеитова Александра , Есенбаева Гульвира , Георгиева Мария , Малахова Наталья 
Published: October 2024

В данной статье представлены результаты экспериментов по оптимизации этапов введения в культуру in vitro и микроклонального размножения трех перспективных сортов растений ежевики сортов Натчез, Блэк Мэджик и Осейдж. В результате исследования оптимизированы условия для введения в культуру in vitro пазушных почек, применяемых в качестве эксплантов. Проведена стерилизация растительного материала химическими агентами, включающая в себя обработку эксплантов мыльным раствором, использование раствора 70% этанола и гипохлорита натрия c добавлением 5-6 капель Твин-20 в различных композициях. Установлено, что при экспозиции в 70% этаноле в течение 2 минут и в 1% растворе гипохлорита натрия в течение 15 минут выход стерильных эксплантов составляет 85%. В качестве питательной среды использована среда Мурасиге-Скуга с различными комбинациями фитогормонов. Оптимальной питательной средой для культивирования эксплантов в культуре in vitro является среда МС с добавлением 0,1 мг/л 6-БАП, обеспечившая выживаемость эксплантов ежевики в эксперименте от 86% до 90%. Установлено, что наиболее оптимальной для увеличения коэффициента микроклонального размножения изучаемых сортов ежевики в условиях in vitro является среда МС с 0,5 мг/л 6-БАП и 0,1 мг/л ГК3.
Very High-energy Gamma-Ray Episodic Activity of Radio Galaxy NGC 1275 in 2022–2023 Measured with MACE
Authors: Godambe S. , Mankuzhiyil N. , Borwankar C. , Ghosal B. , Tolamatti A. , Pal M. , Chandra P. , Khurana M. , Pandey P. , Dar Z. A. , Godiyal S. , Hariharan J. , Anand Keshav , Norlha S. , Sarkar D. , Thubstan R. , Venugopal K. , Pathania A. , Kotwal S. , Kumar Raj , Bhatt N. , Chanchalani K. , Das M. , Singh K. K. , Gour K. K. , Kothari M. , Kumar Nandan , Kumar Naveen , Marandi P. , Kushwaha C. P. , Koul M. K. , Dorjey P. , Dorji N. , Chitnis V. R. , Rannot R. C. , Bhattacharyya S. , Chouhan N. , Dhar V. K. , Sharma M. , Yadav K. K. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The radio galaxy NGC 1275, located at the central region of Perseus cluster, is a well-known very high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray emitter. The Major Atmospheric Cherenkov Experiment Telescope has detected two distinct episodes of VHE (E > 80 GeV) gamma-ray emission from NGC 1275 during 2022 December and 2023 January. The second outburst, observed on 2023 January 10, was the more intense of the two, with flux reaching 58% of the Crab Nebula flux above 80 GeV. The differential energy spectrum measured between 80 GeV and

1.5

T

̇

eV

can be described by a power law with a spectral index of Γ = −2.90 ± 0.16stat for both flaring events. The broadband spectral energy distribution derived from these flares, along with quasisimultaneous low-energy counterparts, suggests that the observed gamma-ray emission can be explained using a homogeneous single-zone synchrotron self-Compton model. The physical parameters derived from this model for both flaring states are similar. The intermediate state observed between two flaring episodes is explained by a lower Doppler factor or magnetic field, which subsequently returned to its previous value during the high-activity state observed on 2023 January 10.
Une fantaisie à la manière de Callot
Authors: Gheeraert Tony 
Published: October 2024

Contrepoint ironique des grands romans sentimentaux, le Roman comique de Scarron donne à voir une image inattendue de la France du xviie siècle : celle des comédiens de campagne, des duels et des relais de poste, des chemins de boue et des châteaux perdus, des eaux-fortes de Jacques Callot et d’Abraham Bosse.
L’État du califat
Authors: Jabar Faleh A. 
Published: October 2024

« L’État islamique est à la fois un mouvement et une idéologie, et il reflète un courant social depuis longtemps présent au sein des univers arabe et islamique, même s’il a revêtu différentes formes et que les forces qui l’ont incarné se sont transformées. Mais sa récente et fracassante montée en puissance est indéniablement liée à la crise de l’État irakien et à son impuissance – si ce n’est son opposition – face à deux revendications fondamentales : l’ouverture démocratique et l’intégration de la pluralité. En ce sens, l’instauration de l’État du califat illustre avant tout la crise existentielle de l’État irakien et son incapacité à concevoir des politiques reconnaissant la multiplicité des identités qui composent nos sociétés arabes orientales. Un siècle après sa création dans un contexte colonial, l’État irakien demeure porteur d’une logique centrée sur l’hégémonie d’une identité face aux autres. » Faleh A. Jabar