bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selected Issues Illustrating Duality in Relation to Lakota Identity
Authors: Perlíková Klára 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article deals with selected issues which - as we perceive it - can provide an insight into what the Lakota consider essential and generic for their self-identification with their culture (What does it mean to be Lakota?). The study is based on observations gained during fieldwork research, and issues in the text reflect data collected within this period. As a result, we examine the following issues: tribal museums in Lakota reservations, Native perception of time, selected issues of Lakota religion, and Lakota relation to the land and environment they live in and to the world on a global scale. We believe that in all these issues we can also recognize an underlying dual structure which - in its most general meaning - could be understood as a dichotomy of Native and Western/Euro-American worldview and mind-set. The question was how non-Native elements distort or affect the system of Lakota culture. In the section on tribal museums and perception of time we have shown that circular way of thinking about the course of the world which is, according to Donald Fixico (FIXICO 2009), characteristic of all Native cultures affects the way tribal museums organize and present their exhibitions. In this case, the influence of the Native/Euro-American dualism does not have to be necessarily negative. The same can be said about another example where the dichotomy projects itself - in the issue of Lakota relation to the land or Unci Maka (Grandmother Earth): Though Lakota religion and identity is regionally bound (BUCKO 2008), their concern for this integral part of their Native-self can surprisingly well fit into the global issue of protection of environment. On the case of Lakota struggle to stop construction of a KXL pipeline1 we demonstrate how the same (Native/Euro-American) duality interacts and through which the Lakota (Native, regionallybound) voice is strengthened by its non-Native counterpart and vice versa.
Lessons about Causes and Management of an Ebola Outbreak
Authors: Elargoubi Aida , Khelifa Anis W. Belhaj , Haddad Ons , Mhalla Salma , Sakly Nabil , Mastouri Maha 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is one of the deadliest viral diseases. It is characterized by a high mortality rate due to the lack of effective and safe treatments or vaccines and its ability to spread at an unstoppable pace. The West Africa outbreak ended but the disease may strike again at any time. The latest epidemic was, by far, the deadliest to date. The most concern was why this outbreak was so different from the previous ones. We proposed in this review firstly to summarize the principal causes of its unprecedented spread and secondly to identify the steps for an effective management approach of a future Ebola outbreak. Attributes of the affected populations and insufficient control efforts were the main reasons of its amplification. This was complicated by a delayed international response. The health crisis was ignored for months until it got out of control. The management of Ebola presents a multitude of challenges in terms of preparedness and capacity to face an outbreak. In addition to the need for adequate health care facilities, ongoing surveillance tools, appropriate training of health workers and raising population awareness, readiness requires a large scale and coordinated international intervention to support affected and at-risk nations, to intensify their response activities and to strengthen their capacities. Constant interventions after the outbreak are still needed to ensure that vital health and related service institutions in these countries are fully prepared to respond to an eminent epidemic.
Microemulgel of Voriconazole: an Unfathomable Protection to Counter Fungal Contagiousness
Authors: Ashara Kalpesh C. , Paun Jalpa S. , Soniwala Moinuddin M. , Chavda Jayant R. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground: Fluconazole and ketoconazole both have poor minimum inhibitory concentration than voriconazole. Voriconazole had serious side effects in oral and intravenous doses. It has poor water solubility. The objective of the study was to prepare and optimize microemulgel of voriconazole for topical delivery. Aim: Formulation, development, and evaluation of voriconazole microemulgel for topical delivery. Methods: Oil and emulsifi ers selected were on the basis of equilibrium solubility study and emulsification property respectively. The pseudo-ternary plot and constrained simplex lattice design were applied for preparation of microemulsions. Microemulsions were subjected to micelle size, zeta potential, polydispersity index, and in vitro study. They were optimized by Design-Expert®9.0.3.1 software. Formulation, development, evaluation and optimization of microemulgel were carried out. Microbial assay of an optimized batch of microemulgel was performed. Results: Solubility of voriconazole in Parker Neem®oil was 7.51±0.14 mg/g. Acrysol™K-150: PEG-400 in 4:1 ratio had the highest area for microemulsion. 59.2% Acrysol™K-150, 14.8% PEG-400, 11% Parker Neem®oil, 15% rose water, and 1% voriconazole as an optimized batch of microemulsion was selected for preparation of microemulgel. Carbomer 934P found a good gelling agent in 0-2% w/w concentration. An optimized batch of microemulgel had 0.974 desirability value. An optimized batch of microemulgel and Nizral®cream had 37.32±0.63% and 26.45±0.63% zones of inhibition. Conclusion: Topical antifungal treatment was successfully achieved with voriconazole microemulgel.
Nuclear Medicine Methods for Evaluation of Abnormal Parathyroid Glands in Patients with Primary and Secondary Hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Botushanova Albena D. , Botushanov Nikolay P. , Yaneva Marianna P. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConsidered rare disease in the past, primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) has dramatically increased in incidence over the past thirty years with the introduction of routine calcium measurements; it is now approximately 42 per 100 000 persons. By far, the most common lesion found in patients with PHPT is the solitary parathyroid adenoma, occurring in 85%-90% of patients, while in the rest 10%- 15% primary hyperplasia of the parathyroid glands is present. Currently, the most widely used surgical approach is minimally invasive parathyroidectomy which is associated with less post-surgery complications and shorter operation time. To be successful this procedure needs to rely on a precise preoperative localization of the abnormal parathyroid glands, hence preoperative parathyroid imaging gained so large importance. The rationale for locating abnormal parathyroid tissue prior to surgery is that the glands can be notoriously unpredictable in their location. There is a general consensus that the best imaging procedure identifying abnormal parathyroid glands is the preoperative scintigraphy with99mTc-sestamibi or99mTc-tetrofosmin. It is characterized with high sensitivity and specificity exceeding those of ultrasound, CT or MRI. Combining scintigraphy with the other imaging techniques increases the precision for topic localization.
Biochemical Changes in Experimental Rat Model of Abdominal Compartment Syndrome
Authors: Ardasheva Raina G. , Argirova Mariana D. , Turiiski Valentin I. , Krustev Athanas D. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground: Increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) causes tissue ischemia, subsequent hypoxia, and impairment of normal tissue metabolism. Elevation of IAP above 20 mmHg leads to progression of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) that is associated with organ dysfunction or failure not previously manifested. Aim: To evaluate the eff ects of diff erent grades and time of exposure to IAP on biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in organs aff ected by ischemia using previously developed rat model. Results: Three experimental groups exposed to diff erent IAP and time frames were tested for liver, kidney, and pancreas injury by measuring the activities of tissue specifi c enzymes in blood serum. Elevated activities of aspartate aminotransferase, pancreatic amylase, lipase, and higher concentrations of D-lactate, urea, and creatinine were found in some of the experimental groups compared to a control group of animals not subjected to increased IAP. Increased levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress as well as decrease in concentration of the major cellular antioxidant glutathione indicated the presence of oxidative injury as a result of elevated IAP. Conclusions: The developed rat model is appropriate to study the mechanism and manifestation of tissue injury during diff erent grades of elevated IAP but also to test approaches aimed to attenuate the detrimental eff ects of ACS. This study also underlines the necessity of using not a single but a set of biochemical parameters in order to assess the severity of tissue injury during elevated IAP and progression to ACS.
Word-Of-Mouth in Social Media. The Case of Polish Tourist Industry
Authors: Deszczyński Bartosz 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe core objective of this paper is to determine the level of online dialogue in social media between the tourist industry leaders and their customers. This study applies sequential explanatory industry-representative comparison with statistical and qualitative analysis of online word-of-mouth communication. Its main finding is that even if online marketing is a hot topic, online channels seem to be neglected by the companies failing to provide real-time dialogue services. This results in the loss of customer attention and engagement and can be linked with overall corporate relationship management immaturity. In addition, the article offers vital insight into customer value creation chain of hotel and tour operators.
“TABI MUROLLI MUIDEM REP”. Pseudo-Kūfic, Retrograde Latin, and the Crusades Remembered on the Palazzo Chiaromonte-Steri Ceiling
Authors: Streahle Kristen E. G. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe article examines how expressions of piety and protection intertwine in the decorative programme of the Palazzo Chiaromonte-Steri in Palermo. Manfredi III Chiaromonte commissioned three Sicilian artists from 1377–1380 to paint the ceiling of the Sala Magna, one of the most celebrated artworks in Sicily. Frequently overlooked in scholarship, however, are the pseudoinscriptions, retrograde Latin, and enigmatic words and phrases painted on the ceiling. Rather than confirm a pleonastic reading of the textual additions, this study places them in conversation with a body of religious subjects painted in the palace, especially St. George and crusaders battling Muslim warriors. It argues that taken together these figural and textual interventions afford both a practical means to safeguard the Chiaromonte against misfortune and, more abstractly, to re-imagine the family’s history during this politically fraught moment in the Trecento.
Superhydrophobic membrane: progress in preparation and its separation properties
Authors: Himma Nurul F. , Prasetya Nicholaus , Anisah Sofiatun , Wenten I Gede 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Superhydrophobic membrane that is highly resistant to wetting by aqueous solution has gained great attention because of its potential to be applied in many emerging membrane processes such as membrane gas absorption (MGA) and membrane distillation (MD). Numerous approaches have been proposed to obtain membranes with superhydrophobic surface from materials with various degrees of hydrophobicity. This paper then reviews the progress in superhydrophobic membrane preparation and its separation properties. A brief description of superhydrophobicity is firstly presented. Preparation methods of the superhydrophobic membrane are subsequently reviewed, including direct processing method and surface modification of the existing membrane. Finally, the separation properties and challenges of superhydrophobic membranes are discussed. This article could provide an insight for further development of superhydrophobic membrane.
Diminished androgen and estrogen receptors and aromatase levels in hypogonadal diabetic men: reversal with testosterone
Authors: Ghanim Husam , Dhindsa Sandeep , Abuaysheh Sanaa , Batra Manav , Kuhadiya Nitesh D , Makdissi Antoine , Chaudhuri Ajay , Dandona Paresh 
Published: January 2018

AimsOne-third of males with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) have hypogonadism, characterized by low total and free testosterone concentrations. We hypothesized that this condition is associated with a compensatory increase in the expression of androgen receptors (AR) and that testosterone replacement reverses these changes. We also measured estrogen receptor and aromatase expression.Materials and methodsThis is a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Thirty-two hypogonadal and 32 eugonadal men with T2DM were recruited. Hypogonadal men were randomized to receive intramuscular testosterone or saline every 2 weeks for 22 weeks. We measured AR, ERα and aromatase expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (MNC), adipose tissue and skeletal muscle in hypogonadal and eugonadal males with T2DM at baseline and after 22 weeks of treatment in those with hypogonadism.ResultsThe mRNA expression ofAR, ERα (ESR1)and aromatase in adipose tissue from hypogonadal men was significantly lower as compared to eugonadal men, and it increased significantly to levels comparable to those in eugonadal patients with T2DM following testosterone treatment.ARmRNA expression was also significantly lower in MNC from hypogonadal patients compared to eugonadal T2DM patients. Testosterone administration in hypogonadal patients also restoredARmRNA and nuclear extract protein levels from MNC to that in eugonadal patients. In the skeletal muscle, AR mRNA and protein expression are lower in men with hypogonadism. Testosterone treatment restored AR expression levels to that comparable to levels in eugonadal men.ConclusionsWe conclude that, contrary to our hypothesis, the expression of AR, ERα and aromatase is significantly diminished in hypogonadal men as compared to eugonadal men with type 2 diabetes. Following testosterone replacement, there is a reversal of these deficits.
Impact of Homologous Recombination on Silent Chromatin inSaccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Sieverman Kathryn J , Rine Jasper 
Published: January 2018

AbstractOne of the best-studied domains of heterochromatin is the silent mating-type locus HML in baker’s yeast. Sieverman and Rine report that DNA transactions...Specialized chromatin domains repress transcription of genes within them and present a barrier to many DNA–protein interactions. Silent chromatin in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, akin to heterochromatin of metazoans and plants, inhibits transcription of PolII- and PolIII-transcribed genes, yet somehow grants access to proteins necessary for DNA transactions like replication and homologous recombination. In this study, we adapted a novel assay to detect even transient changes in the dynamics of transcriptional silencing at HML after it served as a template for homologous recombination. Homologous recombination specifically targeted to HML via double-strand-break formation at a homologous locus often led to transient loss of transcriptional silencing at HML. Interestingly, many cells could template homology-directed repair at HML without an obligate loss of silencing, even in recombination events with extensive gene conversion tracts. In a population of cells that experienced silencing loss following recombination, transcription persisted for 2–3 hr after all double-strand breaks were repaired. mRNA levels from cells that experienced recombination-induced silencing loss did not approach the amount of mRNA seen in cells lacking transcriptional silencing. Thus, silencing loss at HML after homologous recombination was short-lived and limited.
Pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm.) extrativism: situation and perspectives for its sustainability in Cariri Cearense, Brazil
Authors: Maciel Tamires Coelho Matias , Marco Cláudia Araújo , Silva Erlles Eder , Da Silva Toshik Iarley , Dos Santos Hernandes Rufino , Freitas Júnior Silvério De Paiva , Alcantara Francisca Dayanne de Oliveira , Chaves Marcelo Moura 
Published: January 2018

En Chapada do Araripe, región del Brazil con una gran riqueza vegetal, el extractivismo del pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) es una importante actividad que abarca la economía y la vida social de las principales ciudades del Cariri Cearense. Sin embargo, aún existe poco conocimiento sobre su situación actual y perspectiva de sostenibilidad. El objetivo de este estudio es recoger información sobre la relación de los actores involucrados en la actividad extractivista del pequi, y relacionarlos con dimensiones de sostenibilidad. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el Campamento Barreiro Novo, localizado en la ruta estatal CE 060 en el municipio de Jardim-Ce. Se aplicaron cuestionarios semi-estructurados a los recolectores de pequi para formar un perfil socioeconómico, además de utilizar el método de la observación participativa, fotos y análisis de contenido como forma de relacionar e identificar las dimensiones de la sostenibilidad introducidas en ese ambiente. La actividad extractivista del pequi en la región de Chapada do Araripe es algo cultural que posee una visión especial en relación al enfoque ambiental y que genera ingresos para las familias que la practican. Sin embargo, la misma precisa de políticas para mejorar las condiciones sociales (agua y saneamiento en el campamento) y para preservar la tradición sin perder el punto de vista ambiental.
Queries about the largest empty rectangle in large 2-dimensional datasets stored in secondary memory
Authors: Lara Felipe , Gutiérrez Gilberto , Soto Maria Antonieta , Corral Antonio 
Published: January 2018

Let be a set of points located in a rectangle and is a point that is not in . This article describes the design, implementation, and experimentation of different algorithms to solve the following two problems: (i) Maximum Empty Rectangle (MER), which consists in finding an empty rectangle with a maximum area contained in R and does not contain any point from and (ii) Query Maximum Empty Rectangle (QMER), which consists in finding the rectangle with the same restrictions given for the MER problem but must also contain . It is assumed that both problems have insufficient main memory to store all the objects in set . According to the literature, both problems are very practical in fields such as data mining and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Specifically, the present study proposes two algorithms that assume that is stored in secondary memory (mainly disk) and that it is impossible to store it completely in main memory. The first algorithm solves the QMER problem and consists of decreasing the size of S by using dominance areas and then processing the points that are not eliminated using an algorithm proposed by Orlowski (1990). The second algorithm solves the MER problem and consists of dividing R into four subrectangles that generate four subsets of similar size; these are processed using an algorithm proposed in Edmons et al. (2003), and finally the partial solutions are combined to obtain a global solution. For the purpose of verifying algorithm efficiency, results are shown for a series of experiments that consider synthetic and real data.
Fire Fighting Robot
Authors: Kadam Kirti , Bidkar Aayushi , Pimpale Vaishnavi , Doke Dhanashree , Patil Rachana 
Published: January 2018

Now a days, fire accidents are very common and sometimes it becomes very difficult for a fireman to save someone’s life. It is not possible to appoint a person to continuously observe for accidental fire where robot can do that. Therefore in such cases fire fighting robot comes in picture . Robot will detect fire remotely. These robots are mostly useful in industries where probability of accidental fire is more.
The proposed vehicle is able to detect presence of fire and extinguishing it automatically by using gas sensor and temperature sensor. It contains gear motors and motor driver to control the movement of robot . Relay circuit is used to control the pump and when it will detect fire then it will communicate with microcontroller (Arduino UNO R3) through Bluetooth module. The proposed robot has a water jet spray which is capable of sprinkling water. The sprinkler can be move towards the required direction .At the time of moving towards the source of fire it may happen that it will come across some obstacles ,then it has obstacle avoiding capability. It will provide GUI for arduino operation using android. It detects obstacles using ultrasonic sensors upto range of 80 m.
Communication between the mobile phone and robot will take place through Bluetooth ,which will have GUI to control the movement of robot . When mobile gets connected to Bluetooth firstly it will set module name, baud rate .
It is feasible to implement Bluetooth communication between smartphones and microcontroller. Android controlled robot can be used easily in everyday life such as in homes, market ,companies etc. The development of apps for Android in Android SDK is easy and free of cost.
Evaluation of Mechanical properties for polypropylene Modified Asphalt concrete Mixtures
Authors: Moubark Safaa , Khodary Farag , Othman Ayman 
Published: January 2018

It is noticeable that the increase of road traffic during the last two decades in addition to the insufficient degree of maintenance caused an accelerated deterioration of road structure. These roads show early signs of distress such as rutting, cracking, low temperature cracking, ageing and stripping. Heavier loads and higher traffic volume demand higher performance of pavement. Excellent performance of pavement requires bitumen that is less susceptible to high temperature, rutting or low temperature cracking. Several additives are used to increase the performance of bitumen and the quality of the produced mixtures. Polymers are considered the most widely used additives in asphalt modification that give better performance. The performance of the Polymer-modified asphalt depends on the type and the level of modification the used polymer. The choice of modification level and t modification type depends on the physical properties of the polymer, and its compatibility with bitumen. The polymer can be loosely classified into two categories, Plastomers and Elastomers. The results indicated that, the addition of polypropylene generally improved the mechanical properties of the mixture regardless of the percentage of polymers that added and (PP) content of 5%. it can be noticed that the performance of PP-modified asphalt mixtures is better compared with unmodified asphalt concrete mixtures modifier because it has the highest Marshall Stiffness, indirect tensile strength and unconfined compressive strength