bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Contribution of inflammation markers and quantitative sensory testing (QST) indices of central sensitisation to rheumatoid arthritis pain
Authors: Georgopoulos Vasileios , Smith Stephanie , McWilliams Daniel F. , Ferguson Eamonn , Wakefield Richard , Platts Dorothy , Ledbury Susanne , Wilson Deborah , Walsh David A. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Pain, the primary complaint in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), is multifaceted, and may be driven by inflammatory disease activity and central sensitisation. We aimed to ascertain what proportion of RA pain severity is explained by markers of inflammation and quantitative sensory testing (QST) indices of central sensitisation.

Methods
This was a cross-sectional analysis of data from individuals with clinically active RA. Pain severity was assessed using numerical rating scales and inflammation via 28-joint Disease Activity Score (DAS28) and Ultrasound (Greyscale, Power Doppler). Pain sensitivity was assessed by ‘static’ (tibialis anterior or brachioradialis pressure pain detection threshold-PPT-TA/PPT-BR) and ‘dynamic’ (temporal summation-TS, conditioned pain modulation-CPM) QST. Bivariate associations used Spearman’s correlation coefficients, and multivariable linear regression models determined relative contributions to pain severity.

Results
In bivariate analyses of N = 96 (age 65 ± 10y, 77% females) people with RA, pain severity was significantly associated with inflammation indices (r = 0.20 to 0.55), and CPM (r=-0.26). In multivariable models that included TS, CPM, age, sex, and body mass index, inflammation indices remained significantly associated with pain severity. Multivariable models explained 22 to 27% of pain variance. Heterogeneity was apparent for associations with pain between subscores for pain now, strongest or average over the past 4-weeks.

Conclusions
In individuals with clinically active RA, markers of inflammatory disease activity best explain RA pain with only marginal contributions from QST indices of central sensitisation. Although inflammation plays a key role in the experience of RA pain, the greater proportion of pain severity remains unexplained by DAS28 and ultrasound indices of inflammation.
Effect of pure (ligand-free) nanoparticles of magnetite in sodium chloride matrix on hematological indicators, blood gases, electrolytes and serum iron
Authors: Lytvyn Stanislav Ye. , Vazhnichaya Elena M. , Manno Daniela E. , Kurapov Yurii A. , Calcagnile Lucio , Rinaldi Rosaria , Carbone Giorgio Giuseppe , Semaka Oleksandr V. , Nedostup Yana V. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractOne of the physical methods for obtaining magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) is electron beam physical vapor deposition (EB PVD), which requires complex equipment, but allows obtaining a significant amount of pure (ligand-free) NPs. The biomedical application of such NPs is less studied than materials from other synthesis methods. The objective is to study the effect of pure magnetite NPs in the NaCl matrix obtained by EB PVD on hematological indicators, gases, electrolytes and parameters of iron metabolism in the blood of intact animals. The physical characteristics of NPs were studied using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy mapping, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, selected area electron diffraction and fast Fourier transform. In vivo experiments were conducted on albino male rats, which were injected with solution of magnetite-sodium chloride NPs (1.35 mg Fe/kg). After 3 and 72 h, hematological parameters, blood gases, electrolytes, and serum iron were determined. The synthesized NPs had an average size of 11 nm. They were identified as magnetite, where polycrystals and single crystals were present. The absence of contamination in crystal boundaries, clear orientation and orderliness of atoms in crystals were established. The administration of NPs in the sodium chloride matrix to animals was characterized by a transient increase in the main indicators of red blood accompanied by an increase in the saturation of erythrocytes with hemoglobin and their mean volume after 3 h. It did not worsen blood gases and pH, but decreased blood Na+ content after 72 h. The investigated NPs caused changes in the parameters of serum iron characteristic to iron preparations, which after 3 h were smaller compared to the reference iron drug, and after 72 h—similar to it. More intense rapid effects on hematological parameters at lower serum iron indicate greater activity of the studied pure magnetite NPs obtained by EB PVD syntesis compared to the reference iron preparation.
Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection and myocutaneous flap reconstruction for anal fistula cancer arising from complicated anal fistula: two case reports
Authors: Kuroiwa Hidemichi , Nakamura Yuki , Matsuda Kenji , Iwamoto Hiromitsu , Mitani Yasuyuki , Shimomura Kazuki , Takemoto Norio , Sakanaka Toshihiro , Tamiya Masato , Hyo Takahiko , Kawai Manabu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Anal fistula cancer is rare and definitive treatment has not yet been established. Laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection is generally the first choice of treatment if the cancer is determined to be resectable. However, complicated anal fistula cancer often requires extensive resection. Using a myocutaneous flap for reconstruction after resection in such cases, radical resection can be performed regardless of the size of the anal fistula cancer.

Case presentation
We report two cases in which we performed laparoscopic abdominoperineal resection with extensive buttock resection and myocutaneous flap reconstruction for widespread anal fistula cancer. One of the cases was reconstruction with a posterior thigh flap, the other was with a bilateral expanded gluteus maximus flap. Both cases were anal fistula cancers that developed from complicated anal fistulas.

Conclusions
If the size of anal fistula cancer is large and extended buttock resection is necessary, radical resection of anal fistula cancer is possible using myocutaneous flap for reconstruction after extended abdominoperineal resection.
Anti-diabetic potential of Rubus species: linking conventional knowledge with scientific developments: a review
Authors: Joshi Aroma , Kumar Vijay , Naik Bindu , Shikha Deep , Rustagi Sarvesh , Gupta Arun Kumar 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe incidence of diabetes mellitus, a pressing global health concern that is rapidly increasing, has prompted the exploration of medicinal plants for potential remedies, particularly those within the Rubus genus. This comprehensive review aims to connect traditional knowledge with scientific insights, shedding light on the antidiabetic properties of various Rubus species. An exhaustive exploration of the literature revealed that Rubus chingii Hu, Rubus idaeus, Rubus ulmifolius, Rubus fruticosus, Rubus amabilis, and some other Rubus species exhibited noteworthy antidiabetic effects, each operating via distinct mechanisms. Furthermore, Rubus species serve as abundant reservoirs of bioactive compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins, alkaloids, glycosides, antioxidants, triterpenoids, and sterols. As indicated by various in vivo and in vitro studies, these compounds notably improve insulin secretion, increase hepatic glycogen synthesis, inhibit key digestive enzymes, enhance the functions of β-cells in the pancreas, and effectively reduce blood glucose levels. This review, which describes the antidiabetic potential of Rubus species in terms of both pharmacological effects and traditional uses, offers valuable insights for future scientific initiatives in the development of innovative antidiabetic therapies.
Graphical Abstract
Medial soft tissue release is also related to the anterior stability of cruciate-retaining total knee arthroplasty: a cadaveric study
Authors: Sakai Sayako , Nakamura Shinichiro , Maeda Takahiro , Kuriyama Shinichi , Nishitani Kohei , Morita Yugo , Morita Yugo , Yamawaki Yusuke , Shinya Yuki , Matsuda Shuichi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Background
Medial soft tissue release is occasionally performed to achieve mediolateral ligament balance in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), whose sequential effect on mediolateral and anteroposterior stability remains unclear. This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate the difference in mediolateral and anteroposterior stability according to a sequential medial soft tissue release in TKA.

Methods
Cruciate-retaining TKA was performed in six cadaveric knees. Medial and lateral joint gaps, varus-valgus angle, and tibial anterior and posterior translations relative to the femur with pulling and pushing forces, respectively, were measured. All measurements were performed at full extension and 45° and 90° flexion after release of the deep medial collateral ligament (MCL) (stage 1), the posteromedial capsule (stage 2), and the superficial MCL (stage 3). Mediolateral and anteroposterior stability were compared between stages, and correlations between mediolateral and anteroposterior stability were analyzed.

Results
Medial joint gap significantly increased from stages 1 to 3 by 3.2 mm, 6.8 mm, and 7.2 mm at extension, 45° flexion, and 90° flexion, respectively, and from stages 2 to 3 by 3.5 mm at extension. Varus-valgus angle was varus at stage 2, which turned to valgus at stage 3 (−2.7° to 0.8°, −2.2° to 4.3°, and −5.5° to 2.5° at extension, 45° flexion, and 90° flexion, respectively). Anterior translation at 90° flexion significantly increased from stages 1 and 2 to stage 3 by 11.5 mm and 8.2 mm, respectively, which was significantly correlated with medial gap (r = 0.681) and varus-valgus angle (r = 0.495).

Conclusions
Medial soft tissue release also increased tibial anterior translation as well as medial joint gap, and medial joint gap and tibial anterior translation were significantly correlated. Surgeons should be careful not to create too large medial joint gap and tibial anterior translation in flexion by excessive medial release up to the superficial MCL for achieving an equal mediolateral joint gap in extension.
Museographic narrating of dissonant heritage in Tianjin’s former international concessions
Authors: Gravari-Barbas Maria , Guinand Sandra , Lu Yue , Shen Chensi 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Concessions—defined as the urban elements built by Western powers while ‘occupying’ various parts of the Chinese territory—have recently been granted heritage status by the Chinese national and local authorities. However, in many respects, they are ‘dissonant’ heritage sites since they are the result of the several-decade-long ‘colonial’ presence in Tianjin of nine foreign powers. The aim of this study is to understand how former international concessions are featured in museums and interpretation centres in present-day Tianjin. Using an approach that draws on dissonant heritage; literature on postcolonial museums, nostalgia and forgetting mechanisms; and the relationship between museographic narratives and patriotism, this article analyses a corpus of eight museums located in three former international concessions (Marshal Zhang’s Mansion, the Former Residence of Ma Zhanshan, the Museum of Modern History of Tianjin, the Five Avenues History Museum, the Museum of the Department Store Quan Ye Chang, Zhang House, the Astor Hotel Museum, the Tianjin Planning Exhibition Hall and the Tianjin Museum). The analysis is based on a common observation grid and semidirect interviews conducted with museum staff. The article captures and examines the main narratives from three perspectives: 1) revisiting the concession period as evidence of the beginning of modernity in China, which was a time in which celebrity life stories and the emergence of modern urban elements were praised; 2) considering the concessions as a dreamlike past of ‘others’ and ‘elsewheres’ belonging to a ‘foreign land’ and a context far removed from contemporary life in China, which favours the thematisation and leisure of Western architecture; and 3) selecting and targeting narratives focused on the heroes of the Republic of China (1912–1949) and the People’s Republic of China. This paper highlights and further develops how former Western concessions are imbued with a sense of both nostalgia and patriotism and sets out to gain a deeper understanding of the tension between these two attitudes.
Estimating Long-Term Survivorship Rates Among Patients With Resected Stage III/IV Melanoma: Analyses From CheckMate 238 and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer 18071 Trials
Authors: Weber Jeffrey S. , Middleton Mark R. , Yates Georgia , Sharpe Daniel J. , Kurt Murat , Lobo Maurice , Moshyk Andriy , Vanderpuye-Orgle Jacqueline , Mohr Peter 
Published: October 2024

PURPOSE

Standard-of-care treatments for patients with resected stage III/IV melanoma include the immuno-oncology (IO) agents nivolumab (NIVO) and ipilimumab (IPI). This study used mixture cure models (MCMs) to estimate cure rates among patients treated with NIVO or IPI in the phase III CheckMate 238 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT02388906
) and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) 18071 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier:
NCT00636168
) trials, and to assess the impact of use of adjuvant immunotherapy on cure rates versus watchful waiting.

METHODS
MCMs were applied to patient-level recurrence-free survival data from CheckMate 238 and EORTC 18071. Cured patients were assumed to experience no disease recurrence and mortality risks similar to the general population. Uncured patients were at risk of disease recurrence and all-cause death. The survival trend of the cured patients was estimated using life expectancy data for a general population with the same baseline demographic characteristics. A regression model assessed the odds ratios (ORs) of cure across key subgroups on the basis of baseline characteristics of the study populations.

RESULTS
In CheckMate 238, estimated cure rates were 48.3% (95% CI, 41.8 to 54.9) with NIVO and 38.2% (95% CI, 32.7 to 44.1) with IPI. In EORTC 18071, estimated cure rates were 38.0% (95% CI, 32.1 to 44.2) with IPI and 29.2% (95% CI, 24.4 to 34.6) with placebo. In the indirect comparison of the two trials, the odds of cure were significantly higher with NIVO than with placebo (OR, 2.33 [95% CI, 1.49 to 3.65]).

CONCLUSION
Analyses involving two large phase III trials investigating adjuvant IO treatment for resected melanoma demonstrate higher cure rates for both NIVO and IPI than placebo, with NIVO providing the highest cure rate. Similar cure rates were estimated for patients treated with IPI in both trials, despite staging and dosing differences.
Frequent Use of Premenopausal Progestin in Women With Prior Preeclampsia
Authors: Joensuu Johanna M , Ylikorkala Olavi , Venetkoski Minttu , Gissler Mika , Savolainen-Peltonen Hanna , Mikkola Tomi S 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Women with a history of preeclamptic pregnancy are predisposed to later occlusive vascular diseases.

Objective
We compared the use of cyclic progestins or levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) for treatment of menstrual cycle abnormalities between premenopausal women with and without a prior preeclamptic pregnancy.

Methods
Register-based cohort study during 1994 to 2019 of oral progestin or LNG-IUD in Finnish women with (n = 31 688) and without (n = 91 726) prior preeclampsia in 1969 to 1993. Cyclic progestin or LNG-IUD use and its association with future use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT).

Results
Women with prior preeclampsia had used cyclic progestins more often (23.5% vs 9.1%; P &lt; .001) and initiated the use at younger ages (41.8 years, SD 6.3 vs 45.9 years, 3.1; P &lt; .001) than control women. Also, LNG-IUD was inserted more frequently (P &lt; .001) in women with prior preeclampsia (9.3%) than in controls (4.7%). Cyclic progestin or LNG-IUD use was accompanied by significant 37% to 90% elevations in future MHT use.

Conclusion
Increased use of cyclic progestins and LNG-IUD in premenopausal women with a history of preeclamptic pregnancy can be seen as indirect evidence of earlier onset of ovulatory dysfunction. This may contribute to the elevated risk of endometrial cancer in these women. Our findings may indicate an additional late sequela of preeclamptic pregnancy.
Efficacy and Safety of TransCon PTH in Adults With Hypoparathyroidism: 52-Week Results From the Phase 3 PaTHway Trial
Authors: Clarke Bart L , Khan Aliya A , Rubin Mishaela R , Schwarz Peter , Vokes Tamara , Shoback Dolores M , Gagnon Claudia , Palermo Andrea , Abbott Lisa G , Hofbauer Lorenz C , Kohlmeier Lynn , Cetani Filomena , Pihl Susanne , An Xuebei , Smith Alden R , Lai Bryant , Ukena Jenny , Sibley Christopher T , Shu Aimee D , Rejnmark Lars 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Context
Conventional therapy for hypoparathyroidism aims to alleviate symptoms of hypocalcemia but does not address insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels.

Objective
Assess the long-term efficacy and safety of TransCon PTH (palopegteriparatide) for hypoparathyroidism.

Design
Phase 3 trial with a 26-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled period followed by a 156-week, open-label extension (OLE).

Setting
Twenty-one sites across North America and Europe.

Participants
A total of 82 adults with hypoparathyroidism were randomized and received study drug and 78 completed week 52.

Intervention(s)
All OLE participants received TransCon PTH administered once daily.

Main Outcome Measure(s)
Multicomponent efficacy endpoint: proportion of participants at week 52 who achieved normal serum calcium (8.3-10.6 mg/dL) and independence from conventional therapy (≤600 mg/day of elemental calcium and no active vitamin D). Other efficacy endpoints included patient-reported outcomes and bone mineral density. Safety was assessed by 24-hour urine calcium and treatment-emergent adverse events.

Results
At week 52, 81% (63/78) met the multicomponent efficacy endpoint, 95% (74/78) achieved independence from conventional therapy, and none required active vitamin D. Patient-reported outcomes showed sustained improvements in quality of life, physical functioning, and well-being. Mean bone mineral density Z-scores decreased toward age- and sex-matched norms from baseline to week 52. Mean (SD) 24-hour urine calcium excretion decreased from 376 (168) mg/day at baseline to 195 (114) mg/day at week 52. Most treatment-emergent adverse events were mild or moderate and none led to trial discontinuation during the OLE.

Conclusion
At week 52 of the PaTHway trial, TransCon PTH showed sustained efficacy, safety, and tolerability in adults with hypoparathyroidism.
Lower-Ischemic-Risk Profile of Coated Flow Redirection Endoluminal Device X Compared With Uncoated Flow Redirection Endoluminal Device Flow Diverter in the Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Goertz Lukas , Hohenstatt Sophia , Vollherbst Dominik F. , Styczen Hanna , Siebert Eberhard , Bohner Georg , Deuschl Cornelius , Möhlenbruch Markus A. , Kabbasch Christoph 
Published: October 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:Flow Redirection Endoluminal Device (FRED) X is a new generation flow diverter with an antithrombotic surface coating. This study compares the procedural safety and short-term efficacy of FRED X with its uncoated predecessor, the FRED.METHODS:Patients treated with FRED and FRED X devices for unruptured aneurysms between 2013 and 2023 at 3 neurovascular centers were retrospectively reviewed. The procedural ischemic event rate was the safety end point, and the complete aneurysm occlusion rate at 1 year was the efficacy end point. Multivariable regression adjustment and 1:1 propensity score matching were performed to control for potential confounding.RESULTS:The FRED X group (137 patients) had a higher prevalence of recurrent and bifurcation aneurysms and fewer aneurysms with branch involvement than the FRED X group (156 patients). The ischemic event rate was lower in FRED X (1/156 [0.6%]) than in FRED (7/137 [5.1%]), which was significant after multivariable adjustment (odds ratio: 8.8, 95% CI: 1.1-72.7,P= .04), and tended to be significant in the propensity score analysis (P= .07). Morbidity was comparable between FRED (2.2%) and FRED X (0%,P= .10). The complete occlusion rates of FRED vs FRED X were 73/117 (62.4%) vs 39/54 (72.2%) aneurysms at 6 months (P= .21) and 52/74 (70.3%) vs 27/37 (73.0%) at 12 months (P= .77). Hemorrhagic complications, in-stent stenosis, and clinical events during follow-up and retreatments were not significantly different between groups.CONCLUSION:This study indicates an improved ischemic risk profile of FRED X while maintaining a favorable efficacy profile, warranting further study and translation into clinical use.
A role for BYN-1/bystin in cellular uptake and clearance of residual bodies in the Caenorhabditis elegans germline
Authors: Min Hyemin , Spaulding Emily L. , Sharp Catherine S. , Garg Pankaj , Jeon Esther , Miranda Portillo Lyn S. , Lind Noah A. , Updike Dustin L. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACT
GLH/Vasa/DDX4 helicases are core germ-granule proteins that promote germline development and fertility. A yeast-two-hybrid screen using Caenorhabditis elegans GLH-1 as bait identified BYN-1, the homolog of human bystin/BYSL. In humans, bystin promotes cell adhesion and invasion in gliomas, and, with its binding partner trophinin, triggers embryonic implantation into the uterine wall. C. elegans embryos do not implant and lack a homolog of trophinin, but both trophinin and GLH-1 contain unique decapeptide phenylalanine-glycine (FG)-repeat domains. In germ cells, we find endogenous BYN-1 in the nucleolus, partitioned away from cytoplasmic germ granules. However, BYN-1 enters the cytoplasm during spermatogenesis to colocalize with GLH-1. Both proteins become deposited in residual bodies (RBs), which are then engulfed and cleared by the somatic gonad. We show that BYN-1 acts upstream of CED-1 to drive RB engulfment, and that removal of the FG-repeat domains from GLH-1 and GLH-2 can partially phenocopy byn-1 defects in RB clearance. These results point to an evolutionarily conserved pathway whereby cellular uptake is triggered by the cytoplasmic mobilization of bystin/BYN-1 to interact with proteins harboring FG-repeats.