bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kairotic and chronological knowing: diabetes logbooks in-and-out of the hospital
Authors: Piras Enrico Maria 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The paper reflects on the role of knowledge artefacts in the patient-provider relationship across the organisational boundaries of the clinical setting. Drawing on the analysis of the diabetes logbook, the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the role of knowledge artefacts in a fragmented system of knowledge through the study of two distinct practices: “logbook compiling” and “consultation in the surgery”.

Design/methodology/approach
The theoretical framework of analysis is rooted in the tradition of practice-based studies which envisions knowledge as the emerging, precarious and socially constructed product of being involved in a practice. The paper follows a designed qualitative research, conducting semi-structured interviews, participant observation and artefact analysis.

Findings
The knowledge artefacts support different and partially irreducible forms of knowledge. Knowing-in-practice is accomplished by means of different activities which contribute to the reshaping of the knowledge artefact itself. The analysis of the “knowledge artefact-in-use” reveals that different actors (doctors and patients) adopt two different perspectives when investigating the chronic condition. Clinicians are interested in a chronological representation of patient data while patients and families are interested in making sense of specific situations, adopting a kairotic perspective (Kairos: the right moment) that emphasises the instant in which something significant for someone happens.

Originality/value
The analysis of the knowledge artefacts-in-use has a twofold outcome. On one hand, it illustrates the mutual shaping of knowing, artefacts and practices. On the other hand, it shows how knowledge artefact can become pivotal resources in a fragmented system of knowledge.
The role of intangible assets and liabilities in firm performance: empirical evidence
Authors: Haji Abdifatah Ahmed , Mohd Ghazali Nazli Anum 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is primarily to explore the extent of intangible assets and liabilities of large Malaysian companies. The authors also examine whether intangible assets and liabilities of a firm have similar or contrasting roles in firm performance.

Design/methodology/approach
Using a direct and straightforward measure of intangible assets and liabilities, the authors examine a large pool of data from large Malaysian companies over a six-year period spanning from 2008 to 2013.

Findings
The longitudinal analyses show a significant number of the sample companies, between 34 and 59.33 percent, have a consistent pattern of intangible liabilities. The authors also find firms with intangible liabilities have significantly underperformed financially than a control group of firms. In addition, the authors find that intangible liabilities have significant negative impact on firm performance whereas intangible assets have a contrasting positive impact on firm performance.

Research limitations/implications
One limitation of this study is that the authors have only used a single measure of intangible assets and liabilities. Albeit the measures used are straightforward and more objective, there could be other measures to capture intangibles.

Practical implications
The research findings have several theoretical as well as policy implications. Theoretically, the authors extend the resource-based view to the intangible asset-liability mix, affirming the crucial role of intangible resources in financial performance whilst introducing the unfavorable role of intangible liabilities in corporate financial performance. In terms of policy implications, the research findings provide initial empirical input to emerging calls for broader perspectives of intangibles, beyond intangible assets to include intangible liabilities, and therefore belong to an emerging paradigm toward the nature of intangibles.

Originality/value
This study documents a rare empirical account of the contrasting roles of intangible assets and liabilities in corporate financial performance.
Networks as systems
Authors: Best Allan , Berland Alex , Greenhalgh Trisha , Bourgeault Ivy L. , Saul Jessie E. , Barker Brittany 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present a case study of the World Health Organization’s Global Healthcare Workforce Alliance (GHWA). Based on a commissioned evaluation of GHWA, it applies network theory and key concepts from systems thinking to explore network emergence, effectiveness, and evolution to over a ten-year period. The research was designed to provide high-level strategic guidance for further evolution of global governance in human resources for health (HRH).

Design/methodology/approach
Methods included a review of published literature on HRH governance and current practice in the field and an in-depth case study whose main data sources were relevant GHWA background documents and key informant interviews with GHWA leaders, staff, and stakeholders. Sampling was purposive and at a senior level, focusing on board members, executive directors, funders, and academics. Data were analyzed thematically with reference to systems theory and Shiffman’s theory of network development.

Findings
Five key lessons emerged: effective management and leadership are critical; networks need to balance “tight” and “loose” approaches to their structure and processes; an active communication strategy is key to create and maintain support; the goals, priorities, and membership must be carefully focused; and the network needs to support shared measurement of progress on agreed-upon goals. Shiffman’s middle-range network theory is a useful tool when guided by the principles of complex systems that illuminate dynamic situations and shifting interests as global alliances evolve.

Research limitations/implications
This study was implemented at the end of the ten-year funding cycle. A more continuous evaluation throughout the term would have provided richer understanding of issues. Experience and perspectives at the country level were not assessed.

Practical implications
Design and management of large, complex networks requires ongoing attention to key issues like leadership, and flexible structures and processes to accommodate the dynamic reality of these networks.

Originality/value
This case study builds on growing interest in the role of networks to foster large-scale change. The particular value rests on the longitudinal perspective on the evolution of a large, complex global network, and the use of theory to guide understanding.
Market timing and pseudo market timing: an empirical examination of IPOs in India
Authors: Wadhwa Kavita , Syamala Sudhakara Reddy 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of market timing and pseudo market timing on equity issuance decisions of IPOs in an emerging economy – India. Indian new issues market provides a perfect setting to test market timing against pseudo market timing due to two reasons. First, the US literature shows that most underpriced IPOs are highly overvalued and in India, the authors have the evidence of underpricing of IPOs. But whether Indian IPOs are overvalued or not it is yet to be tested. Second, majority of IPOs were issued in India only after the 1991 economic reforms which may signal the evidence for pseudo market timing hypothesis.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors use direct test to examine the impact of market timing and pseudo market timing variables on the IPO activity. The direct tests of market timing and pseudo market timing hypotheses are based on the positive relation of market timing variables and market conditions variables with IPO activity. The authors examine the long-run performance of IPOs by using the calendar-time regression approach to test market timing against pseudo market timing. This serves as indirect test of market timing and pseudo market timing. Evidence of market timing using indirect test shows that there is a decline in the long-run stock performance of IPOs.

Findings
The results show that in India, firms issue equity not just due to market conditions but they also issue equity in order to time the market. The results of market timing are also supported by the calendar-time approach results. However, the authors find that the evidence of market timing is stronger for hot issue markets as compared to cold issue markets.

Originality/value
This is the first study to comprehensively examine market timing and pseudo market timing using direct and indirect tests for an emerging market context.
Product market competition, cash flow and corporate investments
Authors: Abdoh Hussein Ali Ahmad , Varela Oscar 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of product market competition on capital spending (investments) financed by cash flow (CF), and the role of financial constraints (FC) on these effects.

Design/methodology/approach
The Herfindahl-Hirschman index of concentration measures competition. Earnings retention, working capital, the Kaplan and Zingales (1997) index and CF shortfalls measure FC. Regressions relating capital spending to competition are performed for the full sample, as well as financially constrained and unconstrained, and growth and value firms’ sub-samples. For robustness, large reductions in import tariffs are examined to exogenously measure competition, with the impact of these on capital spending tested via the difference-in-difference method.

Findings
The results show that competition fosters valuable investments when firms are financially unconstrained, especially for growth firms, and reduces these investments when they are financially constrained, especially for value firms.

Practical implications
The role of policy makers in alleviating FC should be focused toward growth firms that operate in competitive industries. As well, increasing financial pressure on value firms in competitive industries can have desirable effects, as it forces these firms to reduce investment inefficiency.

Originality/value
Many firm-specific and environmental factors drive the relation between competition and investment. Khanna and Tice (2000) find profitable firms increasing and highly levered firms decreasing investments in response to Wal-Mart’s entry into their markets. Jiang et al. (2015) suggest that environments with predictable growth drive a positive relation between competition and investments. This study claims that another factor that affects this relation is the firm’s level of FC.
The information content of an increase in federal funds rate from a zero lower bound environment
Authors: Diaz Violeta , Sankaran Harikumar , Iyer Subramanian Rama 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
After a seven-year period of being stuck in the zero lower bound (ZLB) range, the target rate was raised by 25 basis points on December 16, 2015. Prior to the rate hike, the important issues that the Federal Reserve dealt with were the magnitude, timing, and the information conveyed by a first-time rate hike from the ZLB period. The purpose of this paper is to use the data from the ZLB period and simulate the impact of an increase in the proxies for the federal funds rate: effective federal funds rate and shadow rate, and measure the impact on the resulting changes in credit default swap (CDS) spreads across 11 industries. Increases in both proxies predict a significant decrease in CDS spreads which is indicative of an economic recovery. This prediction is confirmed by the announcement effect of the actual rate increase on December 16, 2015 and the three subsequent rate increases.

Design/methodology/approach
In the absence of target rate changes in the ZLB environment, the authors use a recursive vector autoregressive (VAR) model to simulate the rate increases in proxies for target federal rate and predict the impact on the economy by observing the reaction in CDS spreads and stock returns across 11 industries.

Findings
The impulse response indicates that an increase of one standard deviation in the effective rate (approximately 25 basis points) results in a statistically significant decrease in the spreads of CDS contracts in 8 of the 11 sectors studied in this research. Similar results obtain for an increase in shadow rate thus providing a robustness check. These results suggest a rate increase from the ZLB period and the resulting dynamics captured in the VAR system is indicative of an economic recovery.

Originality/value
Prior studies have used the event study methodology to evaluate the impact of rate changes on credit spreads. The ZLB environment does not contain data on target rate changes and renders the event study methodology as ineffective. This paper is the first to simulate the implications of a first-time rate increase from the ZLB environment in the context of a recursive VAR model. The results are very helpful to the Federal Reserve of countries experiencing a ZLB environment such as Japan and Europe.
Quality investing in the Indian stock market
Authors: Lalwani Vaibhav , Chakraborty Madhumita 
Published: January 2018

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore whether stock selection strategies based on four fundamental quality indicators can generate superior returns compared to overall market.Design/methodology/approachThe sample of stocks comprises the constituents of BSE-500 index, which is a broad based index consisting of highly liquid stocks from all 20 major industries of the Indian economy. Portfolios are constructed on the basis of quality indicator rankings of companies and the returns of these portfolios are compared with the overall market. Excess returns on quality based portfolios are also determined using OLS regressions of quality portfolio returns on market, size, value and momentum factor returns.FindingsThe results suggest that two of the four quality strategies, namely Grantham Quality indicator and Gross Profitability have generated superior returns after controlling for market returns as well as common anomalies such as size, value and momentum. Combining value strategies with quality strategies do not yield any significant gains relative to quality only strategies.Practical implicationsFor investors looking to invest in the Indian stock market for a long term, this study provides evidence on the performance of some fundamental indicators that can help predict long run stock performance. The findings suggest that investors can distinguish between high-performing and low-performing stocks based on stock quality indicators.Originality/valueThis is the first such study to look into the performance of quality investing in the Indian stock market. As most quality investing studies have been focussed on developed economies, this paper provides out-of-sample evidence for quality investing in the context of an emerging market.
Did the Sarbanes-Oxley Act result in a strategic shift in M&A motives?
Authors: Bhabra Harjeet S. , Hossain Ashrafee T. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to examine whether or not the seminal legislation called the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) influenced a strategic shift in the merger and acquisition (M&A) market.

Design/methodology/approach
The sample consists of 4,839 completed deals undertaken by US acquirers from the Securities Data Corporation’s US M&As database from January 1, 1996 to December 31, 2009. The authors used the standard event study methodology for short-term performance analysis and the Berkovitch and Narayanan (1993) method to identify merger motives.

Findings
By following the same acquirers who participated during both pre- and post-SOX periods, the authors find that these acquirers generate 1-1.5 percent more returns for their stockholders around M&A announcement dates and that the motivation has shifted to value maximization (synergy), a notable strategic shift.

Research limitations/implications
All acquirers and targets are public.

Originality/value
This paper adds to SOX-related literature as well as to M&A literature. By analyzing M&A deals, often the largest capital investments for acquirers, this paper shows that, despite criticism of SOX, this legislation fundamentally contributed to a strategic shift in the M&A market.
A general form of the heat conduction equation of thermoelasticity with voids and gravity field
Authors: I.M. Hilal Mohamed , Othman Mohamed I.A. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of thermoelasticity with voids under the gravity field in the context of a general form of heat conduction equation with some particular cases. The normal mode method used is to obtain the physical quantities.

Design/methodology/approach
The analytical method used was the normal mode.

Findings
Numerical results for the physical quantities are presented graphically and the results are analyzed thereafter. The comparisons are established between the theories for the physical quantities during the constant time and gravity and were shown graphically.

Originality/value
In the present work, the authors shall establish the general form for the heat conduction equation which contains the seven theories as well as the special cases in thermoelasticity with voids. The problem is very important in many dynamical systems.
Study of plastic oil blended with ethanol-gasoline on three cylinder petrol engine
Authors: K. Vijaya Kumar , Puli Ravi Kumar 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present the influence of plastic pyrolysis oil blended with gasoline at 10 per cent with and without ethanol additive at 5 per cent in a three-cylinder petrol engine.

Design/methodology/approach
The engine is running at standard working processes. The result of 10PPO is compared with pure petrol and additive-added blend. The outcomes clears that, the engine performance is reduced by using plastic oil blended with petrol and NOx emission rates are increasing substantially.

Findings
To control the emission rate, ethanol is added, and corresponding performance reveals that brake thermal efficiency is 4.52 per cent increase compared to pure petrol and 7.03 per cent increase compared to without additive blend.

Originality/value
Emissions such as CO and NOx are considerably controlled with additive blend.
Cross-diffusion induced reaction-convection in a Brinkman porous layer
Authors: Swamy Mahantesh S. 
Published: January 2018

Purpose
This paper aims to investigate the onset of convection, heat and mass transports in a sparse porous layer saturated with chemically reactive binary fluid mixture heated and salted from below under the influence of Soret and Dufour effects.

Design/methodology/approach
The Brinkman model is used for momentum equation. Linear stability analysis based on normal mode technique is used to evaluate the onset threshold for stationary and oscillatory convection. In weak-nonlinear theory, the truncated Fourier series method is used. The resulting system of differential equations is solved numerically by using the Runge–Kutta fourth-order method.

Findings
Because of the competition between the processes of thermal, solute diffusions, chemical reaction and cross-diffusions, the onset of instability is via oscillatory mode instead of stationary. The effect of dissolution/precipitation of reactive component and the cross-diffusions on the stability, heat and mass transports is investigated.

Originality/value
By the proper adjustment of underlying parameters, the onset of convection can either be advanced or delayed as per the requirement. Therefore, the present investigation forms a useful tool for regulating the onset of convection.
Field methods for sampling tree height for tropical forest biomass estimation
Authors: Sullivan Martin J. P. , Lewis Simon L. , Hubau Wannes , Qie Lan , Baker Timothy R. , Banin Lindsay F. , Chave Jerôme , Cuni‐Sanchez Aida , Feldpausch Ted R. , Lopez‐Gonzalez Gabriela , Arets Eric , Ashton Peter , Bastin Jean‐François , Berry Nicholas J. , Bogaert Jan , Boot Rene , Brearley Francis Q. , Brienen Roel , Burslem David F. R. P. , de Canniere Charles , Chudomelová Markéta , Dančák Martin , Ewango Corneille , Hédl Radim , Lloyd Jon , Makana Jean‐Remy , Malhi Yadvinder , Marimon Beatriz S. , Junior Ben Hur Marimon , Metali Faizah , Moore Sam , Nagy Laszlo , Vargas Percy Nuñez , Pendry Colin A. , Ramírez‐Angulo Hirma , Reitsma Jan , Rutishauser Ervan , Salim Kamariah Abu , Sonké Bonaventure , Sukri Rahayu S. , Sunderland Terry , Svátek Martin , Umunay Peter M. , Martinez Rodolfo Vasquez , Vernimmen Ronald R. E. , Torre Emilio Vilanova , Vleminckx Jason , Vos Vincent , Phillips Oliver L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractQuantifying the relationship between tree diameter and height is a key component of efforts to estimate biomass and carbon stocks in tropical forests. Although substantial site‐to‐site variation in height–diameter allometries has been documented, the time consuming nature of measuring all tree heights in an inventory plot means that most studies do not include height, or else use generic pan‐tropical or regional allometric equations to estimate height.Using a pan‐tropical dataset of 73 plots where at least 150 trees had in‐field ground‐based height measurements, we examined how the number of trees sampled affects the performance of locally derived height–diameter allometries, and evaluated the performance of different methods for sampling trees for height measurement.Using cross‐validation, we found that allometries constructed with just 20 locally measured values could often predict tree height with lower error than regional or climate‐based allometries (mean reduction in prediction error = 0.46 m). The predictive performance of locally derived allometries improved with sample size, but with diminishing returns in performance gains when more than 40 trees were sampled. Estimates of stand‐level biomass produced using local allometries to estimate tree height show no over‐ or under‐estimation bias when compared with biomass estimates using field measured heights. We evaluated five strategies to sample trees for height measurement, and found that sampling strategies that included measuring the heights of the ten largest diameter trees in a plot outperformed (in terms of resulting in local height–diameter models with low height prediction error) entirely random or diameter size‐class stratified approaches.Our results indicate that even limited sampling of heights can be used to refine height–diameter allometries. We recommend aiming for a conservative threshold of sampling 50 trees per location for height measurement, and including the ten trees with the largest diameter in this sample.