bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of a dietary formulation of the SHetA2 chemoprevention drug for mice
Authors: Benbrook Doris M. , Janakiram Naveena B. , Chandra Vishal , Pathuri Gopal , Madka Venkateshwar , Stratton Nicole C. , Masamha Chioniso P. , Farnsworth Cassadie N. , Garcia-Contreras Lucila , Hatipoglu Manolya Kukut , Lighfoot Stan , Rao Chinthalapally V. 
Published: December 2017

Summary
Development of cancer chemoprevention compounds requires enhanced consideration for toxicity and route of administration because the target population is healthy. The small molecule drug, SHetA2 (NSC 726189), exhibited in vivo chemoprevention activity and lack of toxicity when administered by oral gavage. Our objective was to determine if a dietary formulation of SHetA2 could achieve effective tissue drug levels without toxicity. C57bl/6 J mice were monitored on modified American Institute of Nutrition (AIN)76A diet mixed with SHetA2 in a 3:1 ratio with Kolliphor HS15, a self-emulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) to deliver 37.5, 62.5, 125, 187 or 250 mg SHetA2/kg/day. Blood and tissues were evaluated after 1, 3 and 6 weeks. The 187 mg/kg/day dose was identified as optimal based on achievement of maximum blood and tissue drug levels in the effective micromolar range without evidence of toxicity. The 250 mg/kg/day group exhibited lower drug levels and the highest intestinal drug content suggesting that an upper limit of intestinal absorption had been surpassed. Only this highest dose resulted in liver and kidney function tests that were outside of the normal range, and significant reduction of cyclin D1 protein in normal cervical tissue. SHetA2 reduced cyclin D1 to greater extents in cancer compared to non-cancer cell cultures. Given this differential effect, optimal chemoprevention without toxicity would be expected to occur at doses that reduced cyclin D1 in neoplastic, but not in normal tissues. These findings support further development of SHetA2 as a chemoprevention agent and potential food additive.
Added sugars and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, dietary carbohydrate index and depression risk in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project
Authors: Sanchez-Villegas Almudena , Zazpe Itziar , Santiago Susana , Perez-Cornago Aurora , Martinez-Gonzalez Miguel A. , Lahortiga-Ramos Francisca 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe association between added sugars or sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and the risk of depression, as well as the role of carbohydrate quality in depression risk, remains unclear. Among 15 546 Spanish university graduates from the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) prospective cohort study, diet was assessed with a validated 136-item semi-quantitative FFQ at baseline and at 10-year follow-up. Cumulative average consumption of added sugars, sweetened drinks and an overall carbohydrate quality index (CQI) were calculated. A better CQI was associated with higher whole-grain consumption and fibre intake and lower glycaemic index and consumption of solid (instead of liquid) carbohydrates. Clinical diagnoses of depression during follow-up were classified as incident cases. Multivariable time-dependent Cox regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) of depression according to consumption of added sugars, sweetened drinks and CQI. We observed 769 incident cases of depression. Participants in the highest quartile of added sugars consumption showed a significant increment in the risk of depression (HR=1·35; 95 % CI 1·09, 1·67,P=0·034), whereas those in the highest quartile of CQI (upper quartile of the CQI) showed a relative risk reduction of 30 % compared with those in the lowest quartile of the CQI (HR=0·70; 95 % CI 0·56, 0·88). No significant association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and depression risk was found. Higher added sugars and lower quality of carbohydrate consumption were associated with depression risk in the SUN Cohort. Further studies are necessary to confirm the reported results.
Energy intake in short bowel syndrome: assessment by 24-h dietary recalls compared with the doubly labelled water method
Authors: Fassini Priscila G. , Das Sai Krupa , Pfrimer Karina , Suen Vivian M. M. , Sérgio Marchini Júlio , Ferriolli Eduardo 
Published: December 2017

AbstractShort bowel syndrome (SBS) represents a serious intestinal absorption disorder, and patients may be prone to severe malnutrition. Dietetic therapy is critically important both for immediate prognosis and successful long-term rehabilitation. To maintain energy balance, an accurate assessment of energy intake is required. Our objective was to compare energy intake (EI) assessed by 24-h dietary recalls (EIrecall), a standard clinical assessment, with the total energy expenditure measured by the doubly labelled water (TEEdlw) method in SBS patients and matched controls. A total of twenty-two participants (eleven each in the SBS and control groups (CG), six female and five male) were evaluated; CG were matched to SBS patients on the basis of age, BMI and sex. TEE was measured by DLW and compared with EI determined by four 24-h dietary recalls using the USDA Automated Multiple-Pass Method. Bland–Altman plots and paired Student’s t test were used to compare EIrecall with TEEdlw (P<0·05). Participants’ mean age was 53 (sd 8) years. TEEdlw (7·85 (SD 1·16) MJ/d, 0·14 (SD 0·02) MJ/kg per d) was significantly lower (P=0·014) compared with EIrecall (11·07 (SD 3·45) MJ/d, 0·21 (SD 0·08) MJ/kg per d) in the SBS group. On the other hand, in the CG group TEEdlw (10·02 (SD 1·86) MJ/d, 0·18 (SD 0·03) MJ/kg per d) was significantly higher (P=0·001) compared with EIrecall (7·19 (SD 1·68) MJ/d, 0·13 (SD 0·03) MJ/kg per d). In SBS patients, reported EI is higher than DLW-measured EI. Therefore, providing or prescribing energetic intake based on EIrecall without accounting for potential malabsorption-related losses can compromise the energy needs in SBS patients and affect nutritional status in the long term.
Morphological, biometrical and molecular characterization of Archaeopsylla erinacei (Bouché, 1835)
Authors: Zurita A. , Callejón R. , de Rojas M. , Cutillas C. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractIn the present work, we carried out a morphological, biometrical and molecular study of the species Archaeopsylla erinacei (Bouché, 1835) and their subspecies: Archaeopsylla erinacei erinacei (Bouché, 1835) and Archaeopsylla erinacei maura (Jordan & Rothschild, 1912) isolated from hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) from different geographical regions (Seville and Corse). We have found morphological differences in females of A. erinacei from the same geographical origin that did not correspond with molecular differences. We suggest that some morphological characters traditionally used to discriminate females of both subspecies should be revised as well as we set the total length of the spermatheca as a valid criterion in order to discriminate between both subspecies. The Internal Transcribed Spacers 1 and 2 (ITS1, ITS2) and partial 18S rRNA gene, and partial cytochrome c-oxidase 1 (cox1) and cytochrome b (cytb) mtDNA gene sequences were determined to clarify the taxonomic status of these taxa and to assess intra-specific and intra-population similarity. In addition, a phylogenetic analysis with other species of fleas using Bayesian and Maximum Likelihood analysis was performed. All molecular markers used, except 18S, showed molecular differences between populations corresponding with geographical origins. Thus, based on the phylogenetic and molecular study of two nuclear markers (ITS1, ITS2) and two mitochondrial markers (cox1 and cytb), as well as concatenated sequences of both subspecies, we reported the existence of two geographical genetic lineages in A. erinacei corresponding with two different subspecies: A. e. erinacei (Corse, France) and A. e. maura (Seville, Spain), that could be discriminated by polymerase chain reaction-linked random-fragment-length polymorphism.
Influence ofIL28BandMxAgene polymorphisms on HCV clearance in Han Chinese population
Authors: Zang Feng , Yue Ming , Yao Yinan , Liu Mei , Fan Haozhi , Feng Yue , Xia Xueshan , Huang Peng , Yu Rongbin 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe high rate of chronic hepatitis C (CHC) was one of the key issues of global public health concern. Interferon (IFN)-λrelevant genes were in the antiviral treatment pathway, not only influenced hepatitis C virus (HCV) spontaneous clearance, but also affected the IFN-mediated viral clearance. The aim of this study was to identify the association of interleukin 28B (IL28B), myxovirus resistance A (MxA) gene polymorphisms with HCV spontaneous clearance and therapeutic response in Chinese CHC patients.IL28BandMxAgene genotypes were detected among 231 CHC carriers, 428 subjects with HCV spontaneous clearance and 662 CHC patients with pegylated IFN-αand ribavirin (pegIFN-α/RBV) treatment. Patients withMxArs2071430 TT genotype were more likely to develop HCV infection chronicity (additive model: odds ratio (OR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01–1.48,P= 0.042).IL28Brs1298075 variant genotypes (additive model: OR 0.58, 95% CI 0.34–0.98,P= 0.040) andMxArs17000900 variant genotypes (additive model: OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.30–0.99,P= 0.048) were less likely to achieve a sustained virological response. The life table indicated that patients withIL28Brs1298075 AG genotype were slower to achieve a viral load <500 copies/ml (P= 0.018). During the treatment, the downward trend in viral load was different among eachIL28Brs1298075 genotype, especially in subgroup with a baseline HCV-RNA >106copies/ml (allP< 0.05). This study illustrated that the carriage ofIL28Brs12980275 AA had a positive effect on treatment response to pegIFN-α/RBV among Chinese CHC patients.
Migraine in Women
Authors: Bobker Sarah , Klebanoff Louise , Broner Susan 
Published: December 2017

AbstractMigraine is one of the most common neurological disorders, affecting women disproportionally at a rate of 3:1. Prior to puberty, boys and girls are equally affected, but the female preponderance emerges after puberty. Migraine pathophysiology is not fully understood, and although the hormonal effect of estrogen is significant, other factors are at play. This article will focus on the hormonal influence on migraine in women. Here we review our most recent understanding of migraine and menstrual migraine, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment strategies for this challenging disorder, as well as migraine during pregnancy, postpartum period, breastfeeding, perimenopause, and menopause. We also review the risks and benefits of exogenous hormone use in this population and discuss stroke risk in women with migraine aura. By understanding these aspects of migraine in women, we hope to arm practitioners with the knowledge and tools to help guide treatment of this debilitating disorder in this large population.
Delivery of a Personalized Treatment Approach to Women with Epilepsy
Authors: Pennell Page , Voinescu P. 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPersonalized treatment for women with epilepsy is essential, and requires thorough weighing of the risks and benefits of the initial diagnostic and therapeutic options chosen, with readjustments of the antiepileptic regimen throughout the patient's life.Approximately one-third of women with epilepsy have a catamenial pattern, and the most common pattern is an increase in seizure frequency in the perimenstrual phase. These women are also more likely to experience a decrease in seizure frequency during pregnancy and menopause. A good treatment option for catamenial epilepsy is still lacking.For contraception, an intrauterine device is currently the preferred choice. Prior to conception, it is advisable to review the known impact of different antiepileptic drugs on the developing fetus and to optimize the patient's treatment regimen. Pregnancy registries and observational studies have provided key data and continue to refine our understanding of the risks to the structural and cognitive development of the fetus of specific antiepileptic drugs, including polytherapies and newer medications. Different studies consistently report that valproic acid has notably high relative risks for congenital malformations, lower IQ, and features of autism. During pregnancy, there is growing evidence that therapeutic dose monitoring is beneficial for seizure control. Counseling about seizure safety and minimizing provoking factors during the peripartum period is important for the patient with epilepsy.Clinical studies continue to investigate the complex relationship between cycling sex steroid hormones, epilepsy, and antiepileptic medications, with hopes to better explain drug clearance changes during pregnancy, changes in seizure frequency, and neuroendocrine abnormalities. Thorough understanding of these key factors and a continuous review of literature for updated data on different treatment options will enable optimal treatment recommendations that will improve the health of women with epilepsy and their children.
Stroke in Pregnancy
Authors: Feske Steven , Sells Christina 
Published: December 2017

AbstractPregnancy and the postpartum period confer an increased risk of stroke. The risk appears to be increased for all strokes during the puerperium and for hemorrhagic strokes during pregnancy. During pregnancy, physiologic systems are under increased stress to accommodate the growing fetus, which results in substantial hemodynamic, cardiovascular, hematologic, immunologic, and structural connective tissue changes that account for much of this increased risk. In addition, preeclampsia–eclampsia has major effects on the vascular system, and this disorder, unique to pregnancy, is another major contributor to this risk. The common independent vascular risk factors for stroke, such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and smoking, may also be present to contribute to the risks conferred by pregnancy. Though uncommon, stroke during pregnancy and in the postpartum period causes substantial morbidity and mortality in affected women, and it poses a significant risk to the fetus. This review will discuss the epidemiology of pregnancy-associated stroke, specific risk factors and mechanisms, clinical presentation and management, and future directions.
Subcutaneous Injection of Oxyfluorfen Herbicide to the Forearm: Case Report
Authors: Couceiro José , Garcia-Portal Gonzalo , Garcia Olga 
Published: December 2017

Background Oxyfluorfen, a commercially available pesticide, commonly used for weed control in crop production, has been studied in terms of its toxicity, its carcinogenic properties, and its teratogenicity. We have found no reports, however, of the effects produced by an oxyfluorfen injection to the upper limb.
Methods We present the case of a 40 years old psychiatric patient, who reportedly injected her forearm accidentally while fumigating her garden. She was treated with irrigation and open forearm fasciectomy.
Results At 6 months, the patient had some tenderness at the scar; she wanted no further procedures done.
Conclusion Oxyfluorfen appeared to produce a chemical burn to the forearm tissues including the fascia, removal of the chemical product, and a limited fasciectomy, resulted in a favorable outcome.
Three Mutations in the Bilateral Frontoparietal Polymicrogyria Gene GPR56 in Pakistani Intellectual Disability Families
Authors: Sawal Humaira , Harripaul Ricardo , Mikhailov Anna , Vleuten Kayla , Naeem Farooq , Nasr Tanveer , Hassan Muhammad , Vincent John , Ayub Muhammad , Rafiq Muhammad 
Published: December 2017

AbstractBilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP, MIM 606854) is a heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorder of abnormal cortical lamination, leading to moderate-to-severe intellectual disability (ID), seizure disorder, and motor difficulties, and caused by mutations in the G protein–coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) gene. Twenty-eight mutations in 40 different families have been reported in the literature. The clinical and neuroimaging phenotype is consistent in these cases. The BFPP cortex consists of numerous small gyral cells, with scalloping of the cortical–white matter junction. There are also associated white matter, brain stem, and cerebellar changes. GPR56 is a member of an adhesion G protein–coupled receptor family with a very long N-terminal stalk and seven transmembrane domains. In this study, we identified three families from Pakistan, ascertained primarily for ID, with overlapping approximately 1 Mb region (chr16:56,973,335–57,942,866) of homozygosity by descent, including 24 RefSeq genes. We found three GPR56 homozygous mutations, using next-generation sequencing. These mutations include a substitutional variant, c.1460T > C; p.L487P, (chr16:57693480 T > C), a 13-bp insertion causing the frameshift and truncating mutation, p.Leu269Hisfs*21 (NM_005682.6:c.803_804insCCATGGAGGTGCT; Chr16: 57689345_57689346insCCATGGAGGTGCT), and a truncating mutation c.1426C > T; p.Arg476* (Chr16:57693446C > T). These mutations fully segregated with ID in these families and were absent in the Exome Aggregation Consortium database that has approximately 8,000 control samples of South Asian origin. Two of these mutations have been reported in ClinVar database, and the third one has not been reported before. Three families from Pakistan with GPR56 mutations have been reported before. With the addition of our findings, the total number of mutations reported in Pakistani patients now is six. These results increase our knowledge regarding the mutational spectrum of the GPR56 gene causing BFPP/ID.
Das zeigt der Romberg-Test
Authors: Dolch Lisa 
Published: December 2017

Zusammenfassung
Assessments sind objektive standardisierte Testverfahren, mit denen sich in der Physiotherapie die Situation des Patienten beurteilen
lässt. Sie liefern Hinweise für die Optimierung und weitere Therapieplanung. Die AG Akademisierung stellt im VPTMAGAZIN valide Tests
steckbriefartig vor.
Comparison of Optic Disc Parameters in Hyperopic and Emmetropic Eyes of Healthy Children with HRT and OCT
Authors: Wenner Yaroslava , Brauer Vanessa , Kunze Kira , Besgen Volker , Kuhli-Hattenbach Claudia , Bertelmann Thomas , Sekundo Walter 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Purpose To investigate, through Heidelberg retina tomography II (HRT II) and RTVue-100 optical coherence tomography (OCT), normal parameters of the optic nerve head (ONH) in highly hyperopic children, and compare these with a group of children with low hyperopia and emmetropia, as fundus examination of highly hyperopic children often shows crowding of the optic disc, which may be difficult to distinguish from mild optic disc swelling.
Patients and Methods ONH of the higher hyperopic eye was examined with HRT II and the peripapillary nerve fiber layer (RNFL) with RTVue-100, in 6 to 15-year-old full-term children with normal visual acuity and spherical equivalent ≥ + 3.0 D (hyperopic group) and < + 3.0 to − 1.0 D (emmetropic group).
Results Thirty highly hyperopic children and 33 emmetropic controls had a mean spherical equivalent of + 5.1 ± 1.5 D and a mean age of 8.4 ± 2.8 years, and + 1.0 ± 1.2 D and 9.6 ± 2.6 years, respectively. There was no significant difference in OCT-assessed RNFL thickness between the two groups. Compared to the emmetropic group, following HRT parameters were significantly smaller in the hyperopic group: Disc area (1.41 vs. 1.68 mm2, p = 0.023), cup area (0.19 vs. 0.37 mm2, p = 0.0001), cup volume (0.03 vs. 0.08 mm3, p = 0.02), cup/disc area (0.13 vs. 0.20, p = 0.006), linear cup/disc (0.33 vs. 0.42, p = 0.004), and mean cup depth (0.13 vs. 0.17 mm, p = 0.019).
Conclusion In children, ONH of highly hyperopic eyes are smaller than those of emmetropic eyes. RNFL thickness and neural rim volume are similar to emmetropic eyes. They can therefore appear more crowded.
Management decision based on lymphovascular involvement leads to favorable outcomes after endoscopic treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Takahashi Kazuya , Hashimoto Satoru , Mizuno Ken-ichi , Kobayashi Takamasa , Tominaga Kentaro , Sato Hiroki , Kohisa Junji , Ikarashi Satoshi , Hayashi Kazunao , Takeuchi Manabu , Yokoyama Junji , Kawai Hirokazu , Sato Yuichi , Kobayashi Masaaki , Terai Shuji 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Background Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) invading the muscularis mucosae (MM) and submucosa up to 200 µm (SM1) has a risk of metastasis. The aims of this study were to investigate the long-term outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for MM/SM1 ESCC and to assess the management after ESD in our hospital.
Methods This was a retrospective cohort study conducted at a single institution. Patients with MM or SM1 ESCC who were treated with ESD were included. Additional prophylactic therapy was added if lymphovascular involvement (LVI) was noted in the ESD specimens.
Results A total of 102 patients were analyzed. The median length of follow-up was 71.5 months (range 9 – 144 months) and the median number of CTs was 6 (range 0 – 24). LVI was found in 21 patients (20.6 %), and 12 patients underwent additional prophylactic therapy. The 5-year overall survival, disease-specific survival, and tumor-free survival rates were 84.1 %, 97.5 %, and 82.1 %, respectively. A total of 26 patients died, but only 2 of them died from ESCC. The cumulative metastasis rate was 11.8 %, and LVI was a significant predictor of metastasis (hazard ratio 5.42, 95 % confidence interval 1.39 – 21.18; P = 0.02). There were no differences between patients with MM ESCC and those with SM1 ESCC.
Conclusions The long-term outcome after ESD for MM/SM1 ESCC was favorable with additional prophylactic therapy and strict adherence to follow-up. These results indicate that our management decision based on LVI is a valid approach and that ESD can be offered as a therapeutic option to MM/SM1 ESCCs.
Instrument Constituencies and the Advocacy Coalition Framework: an essay on the comparisons, opportunities, and intersections
Authors: Weible Christopher M 
Published: December 2017

AbstractThe purpose of this essay is to analyze two theories. One is a relatively new approach called Instrument Constituencies. The other is an established approach called the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). This essay begins by comparing the two theories by an explicit set of criteria. It then lays out opportunities for refinement and advancement of Instrument Constituencies towards its better placement, usefulness, and longevity as a policy process theory. Research prospects at the intersection of Instrument Constituencies and the ACF are then presented with a set of research questions and hypotheses. This essay concludes with a summary of insights about the field of policy processes gained from this theoretical exploration. While there are opportunities for improvements and important caveats for consideration, this essay makes an optimistic argument for the potential of Instrument Constituencies to offer generalizable and context-specific knowledge in helping to advance policy process research.