bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Screening of local medicinal plant extracts against multi drugs resistance bacteria
Authors: Nadeem* Muhammad , Abdullah Sayed 
Published: October 2016

Multi Drugs Resistance (MDR) bacteria are mostly resistant to most of antibiotics, this leads to several severe infections and diseases. Thus the desire of new antibiotic sources are required which direct to the screening of new medicinal plants and use against MDR pathogenic bacteria. In our study, the antibacterial activity of three different plant extracts are utilized against pathogenic bacteria in-vitro to treat the infection and disease cause by pathogenic bacteria. The extracts were isolated from Mallotus philippensis, Silybum marianum and Stachys parviflora Benth in four different solvents extracts and were tested against eight pathogenic MDR bacterial strains (Brucella abortus, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter sakazakii, Proteus vulgaris, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Providencia stuartii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (gram positive) through well diffusion and disc diffusion. It was found that the extracts of selected plants showed maximum activity against all bacterial strains. The recorded zones of inhibition were 8.0-26.33mm for methanolic, 6.0-17.66mm for chloroform extracts and 8.01-2.33mm for ethyl acetate extracts. So, it is cleared from the results that the tested plant extracts have great potential as antibacterial compounds against bacteria. However, further research is required to isolate and identify the active ingredients are vital for further pharmacological evaluation. Also screening of these plants for Anticancer and Anti-diabetic activity will be significant.
Cervical Spine Fracture With Vertebral Artery Dissection
Authors: Halfpap Joshua P. , Cho Aaron A. , Rosenthal Michael D. 
Published: October 2016

A 51-year-old man presented to a direct-access physical therapy clinic with persistent neck pain for 5 days after a fall in shallow water while surfing. Based on “dangerous mechanism of injury” from the Canadian cervical spine rule as being a high risk factor, the physical therapist ordered radiographs of the cervical spine, which were suggestive of a more serious injury. Computed tomography suggested and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed vertebral artery dissection. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):929. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.0416
Advancements in Imaging Technology: Do They (or Will They) Equate to Advancements in Our Knowledge of Recovery in Whiplash?
Authors: Elliott James M. , Dayanidhi Sudarshan , Hazle Charles , Hoggarth Mark A. , McPherson Jacob , Sparks Cheryl L. , Weber Kenneth A. 
Published: October 2016

Synopsis It is generally accepted that up to 50% of those with a whiplash injury following a motor vehicle collision will fail to fully recover. Twenty-five percent of these patients will demonstrate a markedly complex clinical picture that includes severe pain-related disability, sensory and motor disturbances, and psychological distress. A number of psychosocial factors have shown prognostic value for recovery following whiplash from a motor vehicle collision. To date, no management approach (eg, physical therapies, education, psychological interventions, or interdisciplinary strategies) for acute whiplash has positively influenced recovery rates. For many of the probable pathoanatomical lesions (eg, fracture, ligamentous rupture, disc injury), there remains a lack of available clinical tests for identifying their presence. Fractures, particularly at the craniovertebral and cervicothoracic junctions, may be radiographically occult. While high-resolution computed tomography scans can detect fractures, there remains a lack of prevalence data for fractures in this population. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging has not consistently revealed lesions in patients with acute or chronic whiplash, a “failure” that may be due to limitations in the resolution of available devices and the use of standard sequences. The technological evolution of imaging techniques and sequences eventually might provide greater resolution to reveal currently elusive anatomical lesions (or, perhaps more importantly, temporal changes in physiological responses to assumed lesions) in those patients at risk of poor recovery. Preliminary findings from 2 prospective cohort studies in 2 different countries suggest that this is so, as evidenced by changes to the structure of skeletal muscles in those who do not fully recover. In this clinical commentary, we will briefly introduce the available imaging decision rules and the current knowledge underlying the pathomechanics and pathophysiology of whiplash. We will then acknowledge known prognostic factors underlying functional recovery. Last, we will highlight emerging evidence regarding the pathobiology of muscle degeneration/regeneration, as well as advancements in neuroimaging and musculoskeletal imaging techniques (eg, functional magnetic resonance imaging, magnetization transfer imaging, spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging) that may be used as noninvasive and objective complements to known prognostic factors associated with whiplash recovery, in particular, poor functional recovery. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):861–872. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.6735
Whiplash Injury or Concussion? A Possible Biomechanical Explanation for Concussion Symptoms in Some Individuals Following a Rear-End Collision
Authors: Elkin Benjamin S. , Elliott James M. , Siegmund Gunter P. 
Published: October 2016

Study Design Finite element modeling of experimental data. Background The clinical presentations of whiplash injury and concussion have considerable overlap. Both diagnoses are generally based on presenting signs and symptoms, and a history of neck or head trauma. With incomplete knowledge of the trauma, differentiating between whiplash injury and concussion can be clinically challenging. Objectives To estimate the brain strains that develop during rear-end car crashes, evaluate how these strains vary with different head kinematic parameters, and compare these strains to those generated during potentially concussive football helmet impacts. Methods Head kinematic data were analyzed from 2 prior studies, one that focused on head restraint impacts in rear-end crash tests and another that focused on football helmet impacts. These data were used as inputs to a finite element model of the human brain. Brain strains were calculated and compared to different peak kinematic parameters and between the 2 impact conditions. Results Brain strains correlated best with the head's angular velocity change for both impact conditions. The 4 crashes with head angular velocity changes greater than 30 rad/s (greater than 1719°/s) generated the highest brain stains. One crash, in which the head wrapped onto the top of the head restraint, generated brain strains similar to a 9.3-m/s rear football helmet impact, a level previously associated with concussion. Conclusion This work provides new insight into a potential biomechanical link between whiplash injury and concussion, and advances our understanding of how head restraint interaction during a rear-end crash may cause an injury more typically associated with sports-related head impacts. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2016;46(10):874–885. doi:10.2519/jospt.2016.7049
Utilizing personalized stereotactic frames for laser interstitial thermal ablation of posterior fossa and mesiotemporal brain lesions: a single-institution series
Authors: Dadey David Y. A. , Kamath Ashwin A. , Smyth Matthew D. , Chicoine Michael R. , Leuthardt Eric C. , Kim Albert H. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
The precision of laser probe insertion for interstitial thermal therapy of deep-seated lesions is limited by the method of stereotactic guidance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of customized STarFix 3D-printed stereotactic platforms to guide laser probe insertion into mesiotemporal and posterior fossa targets.

METHODS
The authors conducted a retrospective review of 5 patients (12–55 years of age) treated with laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) in which STarFix platforms were used for probe insertion. Bone fiducials were implanted in each patient's skull, and subsequent CT scans were used to guide the design of each platform and incorporate desired treatment trajectories. Once generated, the platforms were mounted on the patients' craniums and used to position the laser probe during surgery. Placement of the laser probe and the LITT procedure were monitored with intraoperative MRI. Perioperative and follow-up MRI were performed to identify and monitor changes in target lesions.

RESULTS
Accurate placement of the laser probe was observed in all cases. For all patients, thermal ablation was accomplished without intraoperative complications. Of the 4 patients with symptomatic lesions, 2 experienced complete resolution of symptoms, and 1 reported improved symptoms compared with baseline.

CONCLUSIONS
Customized stereotactic platforms were seamlessly incorporated into the authors' previously established LITT workflow and allowed for accurate treatment delivery.
Stereotactic laser ablation as treatment for brain metastases that recur after stereotactic radiosurgery: a multiinstitutional experience
Authors: Ali Mir Amaan , Carroll Kate T. , Rennert Robert C. , Hamelin Thomas , Chang Leon , Lemkuil Brian P. , Sharma Mayur , Barnholtz-Sloan Jill S. , Myers Charlotte , Barnett Gene H. , Smith Kris , Mohammadi Alireza M. , Sloan Andrew E. , Chen Clark C. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Therapeutic options for brain metastases (BMs) that recur after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) remain limited.

METHODS
The authors provide the collective experience of 4 institutions where treatment of BMs that recurred after SRS was performed with stereotactic laser ablation (SLA).

RESULTS
Twenty-six BMs (in 23 patients) that recurred after SRS were treated with SLA (2 patients each underwent 2 SLAs for separate lesions, and a third underwent 2 serial SLAs for discrete BMs). Histological findings in the BMs treated included the following: breast (n = 6); lung (n = 6); melanoma (n = 5); colon (n = 2); ovarian (n = 1); bladder (n = 1); esophageal (n = 1); and sarcoma (n = 1). With a median follow-up duration of 141 days (range 64–794 days), 9 of the SLA-treated BMs progressed despite treatment (35%). All cases of progression occurred in BMs in which < 80% ablation was achieved, whereas no disease progression was observed in BMs in which ≥ 80% ablation was achieved. Five BMs were treated with SLA, followed 1 month later by adjuvant SRS (5 Gy daily × 5 days). No disease progression was observed in these patients despite ablation efficiency of < 80%, suggesting that adjuvant hypofractionated SRS enhances the efficacy of SLA. Of the 23 SLA-treated patients, 3 suffered transient hemiparesis (13%), 1 developed hydrocephalus requiring temporary ventricular drainage (4%), and 1 patient who underwent SLA of a 28.9-cm3 lesion suffered a neurological deficit requiring an emergency hemicraniectomy (4%). Although there is significant heterogeneity in corticosteroid treatment post-SLA, most patients underwent a 2-week taper.

CONCLUSIONS
Stereotactic laser ablation is an effective treatment option for BMs in which SRS fails. Ablation of ≥ 80% of BMs is associated with decreased risk of disease progression. The efficacy of SLA in this setting may be augmented by adjuvant hypofractionated SRS.
Laser interstitial thermal therapy for newly diagnosed and recurrent glioblastoma
Authors: Thomas Jonathan G. , Rao Ganesh , Kew Yvonne , Prabhu Sujit S. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and deadly malignant primary brain tumor. Better surgical therapies are needed for newly diagnosed GBMs that are difficult to resect and for GBMs that recur despite standard therapies. The authors reviewed their institutional experience of using laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for the treatment of newly diagnosed or recurrent GBMs.

METHODS
This study reports on the pre-LITT characteristics and post-LITT outcomes of 8 patients with newly diagnosed GBMs and 13 patients with recurrent GBM who underwent LITT.

RESULTS
Compared with the group with recurrent GBMs, the patients with newly diagnosed GBMs who underwent LITT tended to be older (60.8 vs 48.9 years), harbored larger tumors (22.4 vs 14.6 cm3), and a greater proportion had IDH wild-type GBMs. In the newly diagnosed GBM group, the median progression-free survival and the median survival after the procedure were 2 months and 8 months, respectively, and no patient demonstrated radiographic shrinkage of the tumor on follow-up imaging. In the 13 patients with recurrent GBM, 5 demonstrated a response to LITT, with radiographic shrinkage of the tumor following ablation. The median progression-free survival was 5 months, and the median survival was greater than 7 months.

CONCLUSIONS
In carefully selected patients with recurrent GBM, LITT may be an effective alternative to surgery as a salvage treatment. Its role in the treatment of newly diagnosed unresectable GBMs is not established yet and requires further study.
Safety of stereotactic laser ablations performed as treatment for glioblastomas in a conventional magnetic resonance imaging suite
Authors: Rennert Robert C. , Carroll Kate T. , Ali Mir Amaan , Hamelin Thomas , Chang Leon , Lemkuil Brian P. , Chen Clark C. 
Published: October 2016

OBJECTIVE
Stereotactic laser ablation (SLA) is typically performed in the setting of intraoperative MRI or in a staged manner in which probe insertion is performed in the operating room and thermal ablation takes place in an MRI suite.

METHODS
The authors describe their experience, in which SLA for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment was performed entirely within a conventional MRI suite using the SmartFrame stereotactic device.

RESULTS
All 10 patients with GBM (2 with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation [mIDH1] and 8 with wild-type IDH1 [wtIDH1]) were followed for > 6 months. One of these patients underwent 2 independent SLAs approximately 12 months apart. Biopsies were performed prior to SLA for all patients. There were no perioperative morbidities, wound infections, or unplanned 30-day readmissions. The average time for a 3-trajectory SLA (n = 3) was 436 ± 102 minutes; for a 2-trajectory SLA (n = 4) was 321 ± 85 minutes; and for a single-trajectory SLA (n = 4) was 254 ± 28 minutes. No tumor recurrence occurred within the blue isotherm line ablation zone, although 2 patients experienced recurrence immediately adjacent to the blue isotherm ablation line. Overall survival for the patient cohort averaged 356 days, with the 2 patients who had mIDH1 GBMs exhibiting the longest survival (811 and 654 days).

CONCLUSIONS
Multitrajectory SLA for treatment of GBM can be safely performed using the SmartFrame stereotactic device in a conventional MRI suite.
The use of custom 3D printed stereotactic frames for laser interstitial thermal ablation: technical note
Authors: Brandmeir Nicholas J. , McInerney James , Zacharia Brad E. 
Published: October 2016

Over the last several years, laser interstitial thermotherapy (LITT) has gained wide acceptance for the treatment of a myriad of cranial lesions. A wide variety of techniques for placement of the laser fiber have been reported with a spectrum of perceived benefits and drawbacks. The authors present the first report of a customized 3D printed stereotactic frame for LITT.
Approximately 1 week prior to surgery, 3–4 skull fiducials were placed after each of 5 patients received a local anesthetic as an outpatient. Radiographs with these fiducials were then used to create a trajectory to the lesion that would be treated with LITT. After the plan was completed, software was used to render a customized frame. On the day of surgery, the frame was attached to the implanted skull fiducials and the LITT catheter was placed. This procedure was carried out in 5 consecutive patients. In 2 patients, a needle biopsy was also performed.
Intraoperative and postoperative imaging studies confirmed the accurate placement of the LITT catheter and the lesion created. Mean operating room time for all patients was 45 minutes but only 26 minutes when excluding the cases in which a biopsy was performed.
To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of the use of a specific system, the STarFix microTargeting system, for use with LITT and brain biopsy. This system offers several advantages including fast operating times, extensive preoperative planning, no need for cranial fixation, and no need for frame or fiducial placement on the day of surgery. The accuracy of the system combined with these advantages may make this a preferred stereotactic method for LITT, especially in centers where LITT is performed in a diagnostic MRI suite.
Effects of hydroalcoholic extract of <i>Borago officinalis</i> on naloxone-precipitated withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice
Authors: Rabiei Zahra , Lorigooini Zahra , Kopaei Mahmoud Rafieian 
Published: October 2016

<p class="Abstract">The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of <em>Borago officinalis</em> on morphine withdrawal syndrome in mice. Morphine-dependent group received morphine for nine days and then received naloxone via intraperitoneal injection. Control group received saline for nine days. Post-treated group received <em>B. </em>officinalis extract intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) on the day 10 before naloxone injection. Co-treated group received <em>B. </em>officinalis extract intraperitoneally (100 mg/kg) and morphine for nine days and then received naloxone. Extract-treated group received extract for nine days and then received naloxone. Naloxone injection significantly increased the frequency of jumping, blinking, ptosis, defecation, paw trembling, and two-legged standing in comparison to the control group. Co-treatment and post-treatment with <em>B. officinalis</em> extract significantly decreased the withdrawal symptoms. In conclusion, hydroalcoholic extract of <em>B. </em>officinalis significantly attenuated the symptoms of morphine withdrawal syndrome.</p><p><strong>Video Clip</strong>:</p><p><a href="https://youtube.com/v/TCNzTxZeGjw">Part 1</a>: 8 min 11 sec </p>
Antithrombotic potential of <i>Berberis calliobotrys</i> extract
Authors: Alamgeer . , Asif Hira , Rasool Shahid 
Published: October 2016

<p class="Abstract">This study was focused with the aim to investigate the antithrombotic potential of <em>Berberis </em>calliobotrys. Aqueous-methanolic extract and various fractions showed significant (p&lt;0.05-0.001) increase in prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin and clotting time while only aqueous methanolic extract caused clot lysis when added to the blood samples of rabbit and human. <em>In vivo</em> study in rabbits, butanolic fraction (100 mg/kg) produced more significant prolongation in bleeding, prothrombin, activated partial thromboplastin and clotting time. Interestingly butanolic fraction had shown more pronounced effects among all tested extracts both<em> in vivo</em> and in vitro studies. Hence, it was subjected to antilipid peroxidation and phytochemical studies (total falvonoid contents, HPLC-DAD profile, FTIR). In conclusion, <em>B. </em>calliobotrys induce transient changes in the coagulation parameters, may it possess active constituents responsible for its antithrombotic potential.</p><p> </p>
Anti-cancer effect of dihydrokaempferol in human malignant melanoma cell is mediated via inhibition of cell migration and invasion and up-regulation of NF-kB/MAPK signalling pathways
Authors: Zeng Ning , Qiu Hong , Wu Min , Xu Yi , Wang Hai-Ping , Zhan Ying 
Published: October 2016

<p class="Abstract">The purpose of the present research work was to demonstrate the antitumor activity of dihydrokaempferol in SK-Mel-28 human malignant melanoma cells. MTT assay was used to study the cytotoxic effects induced by dihydrokaempferol in these cells. In vitro wound healing assay and invasion assay were used to examine its effects on cell migration and invasion. Fluorescence microscopy using acridine orange/propidium iodide was used to study effects on cell morphology and apoptosis. Western blot assay revealed its effects on NF-kB/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein expression levels. The results indicated that dihydrokaempferol significantly inhibited the growth of these cells and the cytotoxicity pattern was shown to follow the drug dose and incubation times. Dihydrokaempferol led to onset of red fluorescence in these cells indicating that its treatment with different doses leads to induction of apoptosis. Dihydrokaempferol also led to inhibition of cell migration and invasion in a dose-dependent manner. It was also shown to up-regulate NF-kB/MAPK signalling pathways.</p><p class="Abstract"><strong>Video Clip:</strong></p><p class="Abstract"><a href="https://youtube.com/v/g8vkXiPHG4A"><em>In vitro</em> wound healing assay:</a> 4 min 25 sec</p><p> </p>
Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level in patients with femoral shaft fractures under general anesthesia
Authors: Mirkheshti Alireza , Memary Elham , Shafiee Hamed , Dahi Mastaneh 
Published: October 2016

<p>This study was performed to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on the level of N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery. Patients undergoing general anesthesia for femoral shaft fracture surgery were randomly assigned to either 0.5 µg/kg/hour dexmedetomidine or normal saline. Changes in levels of NT-pro-BNP and hemodynamic parameters were compared. Data of 46 patients were analyzed and it was found that the change in NT-pro-BNP levels in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the control group (p = 0.001). In addition, bleeding, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the control group (p˂0.001). It is likely that dexmedetomidine infusion can reduce the rise of NT–pro-BNP level and therefore is associated with better cardiac outcome. In addition, dexmedetomidine infusion can achieve hemodynamic stability in femoral shaft fracture under general anesthesia.</p><p> </p>
Syringin exhibits anticancer effects in HeLa human cervical cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of cell migration
Authors: Xia Ning 
Published: October 2016

<p class="Abstract">The present study was aimed at to demonstrate the antitumor effects of syringin in HeLa human cervical cancer cells. Its effects on apoptosis, cell cycle phase distribution as well as on cell migration were also examined. The effect on cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay, while as effects on colony formation were assessed using clonogenic assay. Syringin inhibited cancer cell growth in HeLa cells in a time-dependent as well as in a concentration-dependent manner. Syringin also led to inhibition of colony formation efficacy with complete suppression at 100 µM drug dose. Syringin could induce G2/M cell cycle arrest along with slight sub-G1 cell cycle arrest. HeLa cells began to emit red fluorescence as the dose of syringin increased from 0 µM in vehicle control to 100 µM. Syringin also inhibited cell migration in a dose-dependent manner with 100 µM dose of syringin leading to 100% inhibition of cell migration.</p><p> </p>