bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Study of filling material of dental composites: an analytical approach using radio-activation
Authors: Eke Canel , Er Kursat , Segebade Christian , Boztosun Ismail 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The aim of this study is to carry out elemental analyses of dental composites acquired from different producers using photoactivation analysis (PAA). High energy electrons produced by an electron linear accelerator are absorbed by a tungsten disk (Bremsstrahlung converter) thereby producing high energy X-rays (bremsstrahlung). The dental composite materials under study were exposed to the bremsstrahlung radiation whereby radionuclides were produced through photonuclear reactions. Their radioactivities were measured using high resolution semiconductor spectrometers equipped with high purity germanium detectors (HPGe). The spectra were analysed using appropriate computer software. As a result, photonuclear reactions of 12 stable elements were detected in different dental composite species, and the elemental concentrations were calculated. For comparison, the dental composites were also investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (EDXRF). Various sizes and shapes of dental composites were observed using SEM. However, contents of dental composites, e.g. Mg, Ni, Ba and Sr were obtained by PAA whilst C, O, Al, S, Ba and Sr were detected by EDXRF spectrometry. The results for Ba and Sr obtained using the two techniques show considerable difference.
Status of essential elements in autism spectrum disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Saghazadeh Amene , Ahangari Narges , Hendi Kasra , Saleh Fatemeh , Rezaei Nima 
Published: July 2017

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that imposes heavy financial burden on governments and families of affected children. It is considered a multifactorial condition, where trace elements are among environmental factors that may contribute to ASD. Meanwhile, the between-study variance is high. The present systematic review was designed to investigate the difference in trace element measures between patients with ASD and control subjects. Meta-analyses showed that the hair concentrations of chromium (p=0.024), cobalt (p=0.012), iodine (p=0.000), iron (p=0.017), and magnesium (p=0.007) in ASD patients were significantly lower than those of control subjects, while there were higher magnesium levels in the hair of ASD patients compared to that of controls (p=0.010). Patients with ASD had higher blood levels of copper (p=0.000) and lower levels of zinc compared to controls (p=0.021). Further urinary iodine levels in patients with ASD were decreased in comparison with controls (p=0.026). Sensitivity analyses showed that ASD patients in non-Asian but not in Asian countries had lower hair concentrations of chromium compared to controls. Also, such analyses indicated that ASD patients in Asian countries had lower hair zinc concentrations, whereas ASD patients in non-Asian countries had higher hair zinc concentrations in comparison with control subjects. This study found significant differences in the content of trace elements between patients with ASD compared to controls. The findings help highlighting the role of trace elements as environmental factors in the etiology of ASD.
Body Mass Index and Glycaemic Control in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Mut-Vitcu Gabriela , Hudrea Iuliana-Claudia , Moşteoru Svetlana , Gaiţă Laura , Gaiţă Dan 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and Aims: Recent studies have brought evidence on the connection between excess weight and suboptimal glycemic control for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between increased Body Mass Index (BMI) and the likelihood of having suboptimal glycemic control in patients with Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 662 patients suffering from Diabetes Mellitus and statistical analysis was performed in order obtain evidence associating BMI and poor glycaemic control. We defined as increased BMI, values >25 kg/m2 and a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) value >7% reflected suboptimal glycemic control. Results: 559 (84%) patients had HbA1c >7%. 550 (83 %) patients had a BMI >25 kg/m2. In case of HbA1c >7%, a BMI >25 kg/m2 was found in a number of 457 patients (82 %), whereas a normal BMI was present in 102 (18%) patients. For the HbA1c<7% cases, the number of patients associating BMI >25 kg/m2 was 93 (90%) and a normal BMI was present in 10 (10%) patients. BMI >25 kg/m2 was not associated with a higher probability of having above-target HbA1c values compared to patients with target HbA1c (OR 0.48, 95% CI: 0.24 to 0.95), with a statistically significant p <0.05. Conclusions: The findings revealed that although in case of suboptimal glycemic control, the number of patients who had a BMI >25 kg/m2 was significantly higher than the number of patients with a BMI < 25 kg/m2, a BMI above target was not associated with greater odds of having HbA1c higher than the standard 7% level, compared to individuals with normal HbA1c levels. The results emphasize that a multitude of factors are involved in the process of achieving a targeted glycemic control and a stepped-care approach should be considered for optimum management of Diabetes Mellitus.
The Role of Neuroticism and Psychological Flexibility in Chronic Fatigue and Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Momeniarbat Farzaneh , Karimi Javad , Erfani Nosrolah , Kiani Javad 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Background and Aims: The purpose of this study was to identify the role of neuroticism and psychological flexibility (PF) in quality of life (QOL) and chronic fatigue (CF) in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Materials and Methods: We considered the all of the patients with T2DM over aged 30 years and living in the province of Hamadan, Iran in 2014 that were referred to the Hamadan Diabetes Center. A sample size of 170 patients was selected by the simple random sampling method. The measuring tools were completed by the patients. To test assumptions, the Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling were used. Results: The results showed that the correlation coefficient between neuroticism, with CF (r=0.579; p<0.001) and QOL (r=-0.242; p<0.001), and also correlation between PF and CF (r=0.287; p<0.001) are significant. There is no significant relationship between QOL and PF (r= -0.098; p=0.203). Structural equation modeling showed that neuroticism has a direct positive effect in CF (p<0.001) and a negative effect on QOL (p<0.001), and the PF has a significant direct effect on CF (p=0.014) and an indirect effect on QOL. The CF affects negatively on the QOL (p<0.001). Conclusion: It could be concluded that neuroticism and PF play important roles in QOL and CF and with effective intervention can help patients with diabetes to improve them QOL.
A Review of Dietary Fiber in the Diabetic Diet
Authors: Mogoş Tiberius , Dondoi Carmen , Iacobini Andra Evelin 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Dietary fibers are a type of carbohydrates that are found in plant-based foods. They are not absorbed or digested by the body, but play an important role in maintaining good health. There are two types of dietary fiber - soluble and insoluble. Most foods contain both types, but are usually richer in one type than the other. Current evidence suggests that high-fiber diets, especially of the soluble variety, may offer some improvement in weight management, in carbohydrate metabolism, lower total and LDL cholesterol, and have other positive effects in patients diagnosed with diabetes (improvement of insulin sensitivity, modulation of the secretion of certain gut hormones, improvement of various metabolic and inflammatory markers associated with the metabolic syndrome), thus reducing the risk of cardio-metabolic diseases. The aim of our review is to reinforce the role of dietary fiber in the improvement of diabetes management
Rapid recurrence of a malignant meningioma: case report
Authors: Baran Oguz , Sayyahmeli Sima , Tanriverdi Taner , Erdincler Pamir 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
This short report presents a case that developed rapid recurrence of a malignant meningioma. The meningioma was located on the right temporal lobe and total removal (Simpson grade-II) was performed. Radiotherapy was not given and the lesion recurred within four months. The MIB-1 (Ki-67) index was 30 % and the tumor fulfilled all the criteria of anaplasia. After the second surgery, patient was transferred to the Radiation Oncology for radiotherapy. Should we questioned the extent of surgery? Neurosurgeons should be careful and close follow-up the patients with malignant meningioma.
Extradural spinal schwannoma in a 5 year old non NF child: A rare entity
Authors: Gill Maneet , Maheshwari Vikas , Narang Amit 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Pediatric spinal schwannomas constitute 2.5-4% of all pediatric spinal tumors. They often occur in the setting of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF-2) and are almost always intradural (with/without dumbbell extension). Rarely are they confined to extradural space alone. Till date only one case of totally extradural lumbosacral schwannoma in a non NF child has been reported. We here report the second case of totally extradural spinal schwannoma in a non NF child. A five year old female child presented with progressively increasing paraperesis and bladder symptoms, with no clinical features of Neurofibromatosis type I or II. Imaging revealed a dorsolumbar extradural lesion from DV11 to LV1. Patient underwent laminoplasty with total excision of tumour. Intraoperatively, the tumor was confined to extradural space alone. Histopathology confirmed Schwannoma. This case highlights that possibility of schwannomas should be considered as a differential diagnosis for intraspinal extradural tumors even in children without NF.
Large intraventricular epidermoid with bobble head doll syndrome in an adult
Authors: Agrawal Amit 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Intracranial epidermoid tumors are rare (0.2-1.8%), histologically benign, slow-growing, congenital neoplasms of the central nervous system arising from the retained ectodermal implants. We report an unusual case of intra third ventricular epidermoid in an adult presenting with the Bobble-head doll syndrome and review the relevant literature.
The Role of Elective Courses in Students′ Professional Development: Foreign Experience
Authors: Movchan Larysa , Zarishniak Inna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract The article considers the role of elective courses in professional development of students of economics. Modern European education is developing on the principles of democratization and humanization, where democratization implies the involvement of all agents/participants of the education process into forming its content and solving numerous related problems. Moreover, in order to be competitive in global labour market, modern specialists must develop such features as mobility, cultural, language and religious empathy, professionalism, commitment to the human virtues, etc. The content of education expressed in the curriculum is now not a rigid unity. Offering elective courses, university curricula can be easily modified to the students′ needs and aspirations. The analysis of the curricula of the economic faculties at some leading European universities has showed a great amount of elective courses mainly in general subjects such as Psychology, Pedagogy, Philosophy, History, Politology, Social Science, etc. These courses make up approximately 10 % of the total study load and are meant to realize interdisciplinary links, deepen students′ understanding of economic phenomena and develop analytical and strategic thinking. On the one hand, by choosing elective courses students are more agitated in learning, more interested and motivated. On the other hand, universities think harder over the supply of subjects and their content. At the same time, it increases lecturers′ motivation to consider new approaches, update information, and on the whole do their best to make their subjects appealing to students. The research has proved that elective courses realize an important role in students′ professional and personal development by integrating knowledge of many subjects, through their participation in tailoring the curricula and enriching their professional portfolio.
Comparative Analysis of Ukrainian and Foreign Scholars′ Views On Interpretation of Such Terms as Competency, Professional Competency, Professional Competency of Technicians in Food Technology
Authors: Yakovchuk Olha 
Published: July 2017

AbstractThe article deals with a comparative analysis of the content of such terms as competency, competence and professional competency of technicians in food technology. Special attention has been given to domestic and foreign scholars′ research findings on the matter in order to consider the genesis of the term “competency” and its spreading within Ukrainian and foreign pedagogy. Based on the comparison of European standards and the educational and qualification-based specification of technicians in food technology, we have shown the interdependence of the content between such terms as competency, professional competency and professional competency of technicians in food technology. In the content of such term as professional competency we have distinguished separate competences according to the production functions and typical tasks within professional activity of future technicians in food technology. We have revealed the significance of core competences in the structure of professional competency of future specialists in food technology.
Development of Adult Education in Europe and in the Context of Knowles′ Study
Authors: Feltsan Inna 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The presented article touches upon the idea of adult education history in Europe. It highlights the main programmes and events, which were a great contribution to the development of lifelong learning. At ancient times, adult students considered to be the prominent audience at philosophical lectures of immortal minds. After the period of industrialization and social equality, primary and secondary education became the priority topics of governmental policies. Only after WWII there appeared a need for reviewing or upgrading the already existed knowledge, nothing to say about the late 2000s with the immigration realia and population aging, adult learning takes over the prior importance in Europe. Malcolm S. Knowles was one of the scholars who had been investigating the domain in the mid 1960s and created the theoretical background for further researches. His attitude and vision of adult education process were the predictors of a new adragogical age in Europe, where student took a new central role in the education process, was encouraged to hold responsibility for the most suitable methods, that would match up with their goals, possibilities, intentions and timing. In modern society, there exists an urgent need for changes in the approaches to teaching adults, for individual work that is more appropriate for age and ensures usage of personal experience. The maturity dimension scheme presented by M. Knowles brings understanding of adult psychological inclinations, behaviour and goals that might help an andragogue to decide on methods chosen for achieving educational results. Clear determination of notions should explain and help to avoid misunderstandings on “whom should we consider an adult?” Historical approach will help to create a complex adult education development picture and motivate a researcher for further investigations.
Combination of Three Methods of Photo Voltaic Panels Damage Evaluation
Authors: Olšan T. , Libra M. , Poulek V. , Chalupa B. , Sedláček J. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
In broken photovoltaic (PV) cells the flow of electric current can be reduced in some places, which results in a lowered efficiency. In the present study, the damage of PV cells and panels was evaluated using three methods - electroluminescence, infrared camera imaging, and visual examination. The damage is detectable by all these methods which were presented and compared from the viewpoint of resolution, difficulty, and accuracy of monitoring the PV panels damage.
The Representation of Men and Women in Contemporary Slovak Musical Films Aimed at Children
Authors: Urban Marek , Urban Kamila 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
The present study analyses the social representation of women and men in ten contemporary Slovak musical films aimed at children (Spievankovo, Fíha-tralala, Smejko a Tanculienka). An analysis of the internal and external features attributed to “men”, “women”, “boys”, and “girls” has revealed, in line with previous research, that men are associated with strength and courage and women with beauty and care. Gender also determines clothing, props, and mise-en-scene. Contrary to previous findings, women in the analysed films, more often than men, display activity and dominance and take the role of moral and intellectual authorities. Men, on the other hand, are just as emotional as women. In conclusion, the author proposes a hypothesis to explain these discrepancies with the previous research.
Variability in Wild Germplasm of Natural Rubber (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.)
Authors: Rao G. Prabhakara , Suma K. , Madhavan J. , Varghese Y. A. 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Para rubber (Hevea brasiliensis), a native of the Amazon forests of South America, is the chief source of natural rubber in the world. With the objective of broadening the original gene pool collected by Sir Henry Wickham in 1876, the International Rubber Research and Development Board (IRRDB) made a large collection of wild germplasm from Acre, Rondonia and Mato Grosso states of Brazil in 1981, which was distributed to various member countries including India for conservation and evaluation. In the present study, variability was assessed in a set of 195 Hevea accessions belonging to the wild gene pool in India, using 22 characterization descriptors and eight quantitative growth characters in the juvenile stage. The Shannon-Weaver diversity indices worked out for each of the 22 qualitative traits indicated a high level of diversity in the collection. The range of variation for quantitative traits viz., plant height (0.43 to 3.16 m), basal diameter (0.81 to 2.52 cm), number of whorls (1.23 to 5.48), inter-node length (4.11 to 45.26 cm), number of leaves (11.44 to 91.26), single leaf area (80.22 to 223.57 cm2), total leaf area (2356.00 to 14660.50 cm2) and leaf area index (0.24 to 1.47), also represented wide variability in the collection. The accessions were ranked for overall performance and top 10% were selected for early growth vigour. The high level of variability observed in this germplasm indicates its potential use in crop improvement programmes and for broadening the genetic base of Hevea.
Clinal variation in Pinus hartwegii populations and its application for adaptation to climate change
Authors: Loya-Rebollar E. , Sáenz-Romero C. , Lindig-Cisneros R. A. , Lobit P. , Villegas-Moreno J. A. , Sánchez-Vargas N. M. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractIn order to determine the genetic variation among populations of Pinus hartwegii along altitudinal gradients, and the possible adaptive decoupling due to climatic change, a common garden test was set up with 13 provenances collected along an altitudinal transect (3150 to 3750 masl; collection sites were every 50 m of altitudinal difference) from Pico de Tancítaro, Michoacán, west-central Mexico. The test evaluated trees aged 4.5 to 5.5 years, and contemporary and future (year 2030; six model-emission scenarios) climate variables were estimated. We found significant (P<0.005) differences among populations in total elongation, final seedling height, basal diameter, rate of elongation, dry weight of needles, branches and stem, total dry weight and first principal component. We found a significant association between population performance, expressed as first principal component values, and their climate, where the best climatic predictor was the frost free period (r2=0.90, P<0.0001). This result indicates that the patterning of genetic differentiation among populations is strongly associated with a climatic and altitudinal gradient. We propose a re-delineation of fixed climatic and altitudinal seed zoning for seed and seedling movement, based on intervals of 26 days of difference of frost free period: Zone 1, from 240 to 214 days of frost free period or 12 to 11°C or 3150 to 3350 masl; Zone 2, 214 to 188 days or 11 to 10°C or 3350 to 3550 masl; and Zone 3, 188 to 162 days or 10 to 9°C or 3550 a 3750 masl. Projecting at what altitude will occur the same frost free period values by year 2030, we suggested that populations should be shifted 400 m attitudinally upward, through a program of assisted migration, aiming to realign the populations to the climate for which they are adapted. Seedling deployment should use future (year 2030) fixed seed zones, with the same projected climatic interval values than contemporary climate, although at the following altitudinal limits: Zone 12030, from 3550 to 3750 masl; Zone 22030, 3750 to 3950 masl; and Zone 32030, 3950 to 4150 masl.
Characterization of genes expressed in Casuarina equisetifolia in response to elicitation by cell wall components of Trichosporium vesiculosum
Authors: Modhumita Ghosh Dasgupta , Radha Veluthakkal , Karpaga Raja Sundari B. 
Published: July 2017

AbstractCasuarina equisetifolia has the widest distribution of all Casuarina species and is a nitrogen-fixing tree planted in tropical/subtropical littoral zones of Asia, the Pacific and Africa for coastal reclamation, charcoal making, pulp and timber. Trichosporium vesiculosum, the causal agent of blister bark disease, is a serious pathogen of C. equisetifolia. The present study was undertaken to understand the molecular mechanisms involved during pathogen cell wall elicitation in this hardy tree species. Transcript profiling during elicitation induced by cell wall components of T. vesiculosum revealed expression of resistance genes; cytochrome oxidase; trans membrane proteins; genes involved in programmed cell death like 26S proteasome and ubiquitin activating enzyme; early nodulin gene, wound inducible metallocarboxy peptidase inhibitor, glucanase, metal binding protein and signal recognition particle. The fold expression of selected transcripts including glucanase, 26 S proteasome, signal recognition particle, cytochrome oxidase and the metal binding protein using RT-qPCR revealed 12-59 fold increase in expression after 48 hours of elicitor treatment. The expression of these transcripts during abiotic stresses like heat, mechanical wounding, salt (NaCl) and drought (PEG) was also analyzed. Glucanase was up-regulated significantly during wounding and heat stress while proteasome was up-regulated 1-4 fold during NaCl, PEG and wounding stress. The novel transcript CeHMA was up-regulated under all the stress conditions. This is the first report on molecular defense in C. equisetifolia and has provided a pool of candidate genes for detailed molecular dissection to further broaden the knowledge on the response of woody perennials during pathogen cell wall elicitation.