bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CFD Study of Using Foam Fracturing Fluid for Proppant Transport in Hydraulic Fractures
Authors: Kong Xianhui , McAndrew James , Cisternas Pablo 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The work aims to improve understanding of proppant transport and evaluate foam effectiveness for hydraulic fracturing in the oil and gas industry. In recent years, hydraulic fracturing has been of particular importance for unconventional oil and gas production. For this process, the reservoir rock is fractured under high hydraulic pressure in the well to maximize well-reservoir contact and create channels for reservoir fluid flow to the wellbore. As the essential step of the fracturing operation, proppant is pumped through the wellbore into the reservoir to support the created fracture path and avoid the fracture closure. The fracturing fluid, such as foam and gel, exhibits complex rheology. Many studies have been done on foam rheology. However, it is particularly challenging to predict the proppant tranpsort due to the complex physics involved, including fluid dynamics, fluid rheology, multiphase flow, solid size and shape, etc. Hence there are limited modeling studies on the capacity of these fluids in transporting proppant in the fracture.
In this paper, we used computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to simulate proppant transport in fractures and gain insight into the complexity of slurry flow. The numerical model couples the complex non-Newtonian fluid rheology of foam as fracturing fluid with the solid-solid and solid-fluid interactions using Euler-Euler method, assuming uniform spherical sand. The model captures the sand particle gravitational settling and sand bed propagation in fractures. The solid proppant and flow simulation model was validated by empirical correlation for single particle settling. Simulation results in 2D and 3D fracture models are compared with published experiments, and 3D simulations show a good match to experiment. The effectiveness of foam fracturing fluid on sand transport is demonstrated by comparing it to water fracturing fluid. The simulation model also reveals the significant impact of dimensionless convection number and fracture width on sand transport in the fracture. Results in this work demonstrated the impact of fluid rheology and enhanced the understanding of the flow of proppant and fracturing fluid within a fracture, which can be used to help lab experiment and fracturing process design.
Benefits Realized from Implementing Integrated Digital Field Technology in a Sector of Greater Burgan Field of Kuwait
Authors: Desai S. F. , Pandey M. , Al-Shammari B. , Rane N. M. , Al-Rabah A. A. , Almater D. S. , Shankhdhar S. , Jagannathan R. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
The Burgan KwIDF technology comprises of instrumentation and infrastructure installed on the wells and production facility to monitor production in real time. Data from wells and production gathering facility is transmitted to the field operations center through SCADA and also to the base collaboration center where it is processed and analyzed within the Burgan KwIDF intelligent daily operations system (i-DO).
The KwIDF system has automated workflows which generate a real time alarm from the raw data based on anomaly detection and exceeding of operational thresholds. Smart dashboards are also provided which processes raw information for quick indication of production losses or gains from wells and associates it with the key change in well or facility parameter. Opportunities for increasing chokes or header changes are proactively presented for compensating losses and increasing production utilizing integrated well and network models with the real time data.
This paper provides insight on the application of integrated digital oil field technology in Burgan field. It shows through actual field examples how real time data integrated with smart automated workflows and intelligent alarms help in improved well diagnostics, enable quick actions to minimize losses, sustain and increase production with effective facility and water management in a collaborative work environment.
Deep Reading Technology Integrated with Inflow Control Devices to Improve Sweep Efficiency in Horizontal Waterfloods
Authors: Onur Balan H. , Gupta Anuj , Georgi Daniel T. , Alkhatib Ali , Marsala Alberto 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Premature breakthrough and low sweep efficiency during waterfloods result from heterogeneity in the permeability field in a reservoir. Production wells with inflow control valves/inflow control devices (ICVs/ICDs) have the ability to reduce the water-oil ratio by shutting in flow ports with high water cut. Subsequently, this technology has been limited to a response based on detection of water breakthrough at production wells. Deep reading technologies have been reported to be successful in detecting the approaching waterfront before its breakthrough. The objective of this study is to investigate if the technology for early front detection combined with ICVs/ICDs can improve sweep efficiency in horizontal waterfloods.
In this study, a synthetic horizontal well pair model is built using a black oil reservoir simulator to study performance of waterflooding in a single layer heterogeneous oil reservoir and to understand the value of information obtained from deep reading technology to control ICVs/ICDs for optimizing waterfloods. The simulation results show that using ICVs/ICDs at the horizontal production well significantly improves sweep efficiency and reduces water production. Early detection of waterfront with deep reading technologies provides incremental oil recovery. An optimum location for waterfront detection exists between the injector and the producer to improve oil production with specified injection and production constraints. Deep reading technologies may also provide valuable information about the mobility field between the well pair to reduce uncertainty in heterogeneity, which can be used to update the geological model for better history matching and forecasting production.
Ascorbate Peroxidase Activity of Aranda Broga Blue Orchid Protocorm-like Bodies (PLBs) In Response to PVS2 Cryopreservation Method
Authors: Khor Soo Ping  , Rahmad Zakaria  , Sreeramanan Subramaniam  
Published: November 2016

Throughout the cryopreservation process, plants were exposed to a series of abiotic stresses such as desiccation and osmotic pressure due to highly concentrated vitrification solution. Abiotic stress stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which include hydrogen peroxide, superoxide radicals, and singlet oxygen. Higher production of ROS may lead to oxidative stress which contributes to the major injuries in cryopreserved explants. Antioxidant enzymes in plant such as ascorbate peroxidase (APX) can protect plants from cell damage by scavenging the free radicals. This study was determined based on APX enzyme activity of Aranda Broga Blue orchid’s protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) in response to PVS2 (Plant Vitrification Solution 2) cryopreservation treatments at different stages. PLBs that were precultured at 0.25 M sucrose for 3 days were subjected to vitrification cryopreservation method. Results obtained showed that the highest APX activity was achieved at PVS2 cryoprotectant treatment prior liquid nitrogen (LN) storage. This phenomenon indicating that accumulation of osmotic and dehydrating stress throughout the cryopreservation treatment resulted in oxidative burst which in turn leads to higher APX activity in order to control the excess production of ROS. To conclude, PVS2 treatment was revealed as the most detrimental step throughout cryopreservation treatment. Thus, this research also suggested that exogenous antioxidant such as ascorbic acid can be added throughout cryopreservation procedure especially at PVS2 treatment in the future experiments to aid in regrowth of cryopreserved explants by reducing oxidative stress.
Zooplankton Composition and Abundance as Indicators of Eutrophication in Two Small Man-made Lakes
Authors: Azma Hanim Ismail  , Anis Amalina Mohd Adnan  
Published: November 2016

The distribution and abundance of zooplankton species of Harapan and Aman Lakes were investigated in relation to physical parameters and chlorophyll-a content. Both lakes were characterised by the occurrence of algal bloom problem. The composition of zooplankton was collected at monthly intervals from November 2013 to February 2014. The total number of taxa in Harapan and Aman Lakes were 23 and 27, respectively. Rotifera was the highest abundance group represent 64% of the total species recorded followed by Copepoda (29%) and Cladocera (7%). Three dominant zooplankton that been recorded in both the lakes are Brachionus forficula, Brachionus nilsoni, and Trichocerca sp. High abundance of these species indicates that the lakes are eutrophic water bodies. Overall, zooplankton species distribution and abundance in the study sites are influenced by various environmental factors such as water transparency and chlorophyll-a content.
3D printing as an adjunct to complex airway assessment
Authors: Chambers David , Tol Govind W. , Smurthwaite Glyn J. , Herwadkar Amit V. 
Published: November 2016

SummaryA patient with known neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) who presented for urgent spinal surgery was predicted to have a difficult airway due to a large craniofacial neurofibroma. From a three dimensional (3D) computed tomography (CT) reconstruction of his airway, a 3D printed model was manufactured. The 3D model aided the peri‐operative planning of the patient's airway management, and is the first published report of its kind.
Evaluation in Mouse Model of Combined Virus-bacterial Vaccine Based on Attenuated Influenza A(H7N3) Virus and the Group B Streptococcus Recombinant Polypeptides
Authors: Desheva Yulia A. , Leontieva Galina F. , Kramskaya Tatiana A. , Smolonogina Tatiana A. , Grabovskaya Kornelia B. , Kiseleva Irina V. , Rudenko Larisa G. , Suvorov Alexander N. 
Published: November 2016

Background:Secondary bacterial influenza complications are a common cause of excesses morbidity and mortality, which determines the need to develop means for specific prophylaxis. Group B streptococcal infection is especially common cause of pneumonia among children and the elderly with underlying conditions. Here we investigate in a mouse model the effects of combined intranasal immunization using live attenuated influenza vaccine and recombinant polypeptides based on group BStreptococcussurface proteins.Methods:Groups of outbred mice received two doses of the following preparations: 1) the reassortant A/17/Mallard/Netherlands/00/95 (H7N3) influenza virus; 2) a mixture of P6, ScaAB, ScpB1 and Stv recombinant GBS proteins (20 µg total); 3) the A(H7N3) influenza vaccine pooled with the four bacterial peptide preparation; 4) control animals were treated with PBS.Results:Intranasal vaccination using LAIV in combination with GBS polypeptides provided advantageous protection against infections with homologous A/Mallard/Netherlands/12/00 (H7N3) wild type virus or heterologous A/Puerto Rico/8/34 (H1N1) followed by serotype II GBS infection. Also, combined vaccination improved bacterial clearance from the lungs of mice.Conclusion:Intranasal immunization with LAIV+GBSV was safe and enabled to induce the antibody response to each of vaccine components. Thus, the combined vaccine increased the protective effect against influenza and its bacterial complications in mice compared to LAIV-only.
Factors Influencing Recruitment of Non-Accounting Business Professionals into Internal Auditing
Authors: Bartlett Geoffrey D. , Kremin Joleen , Saunders K. Kelli , Wood David A. 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
This paper examines factors affecting non-accounting business professionals' willingness to work in internal auditing. In a 2 × 6 experiment with 502 participants from across the country, we find that, in contrast to prior research examining accountants, business professionals have relatively favorable views of internal audit. Although they hold favorable views, participants were still less likely to apply for a position labeled as internal audit than an identical position with an alternate label. Varying the structure of internal audit, including job responsibilities, career path, and sourcing arrangement, did not affect participants' willingness to apply for an internal audit position. We also find that high academically performing participants are less likely to apply to work in internal audit. Finally, based on an additional survey of 46 business students, we find that lower academically performing students would be more interested in internal audit if it paid more, but higher academically performing students would be more interested if internal audit performed more interesting work, was in a preferred company/field, or if they had more understanding of the profession.
Data Availability: Contact the authors.
Exploring Data Center Migration: A Case Study
Authors: Cefaratti Meghann A. , Lin Hui 
Published: November 2016

ABSTRACT
A data center migration (DCM) refers to the physical and/or logical relocation of IT services from one physical and/or virtual location to another. The demand for and occurrences of DCMs have increased in recent years. In this case study, we examine a DCM completed by a governmental organization with approximately 80,000 users. We identify key success factors and measure the importance of specific DCM activities. Analyzing both quantitative and qualitative data to derive factors that contribute to DCM success, the following overarching conclusion emerged: Key success factors in a data center migration include proper planning, consideration of procedures to minimize end-user impact including downtime, and effective communication among team members before and during the data center migration. DCMs have practical implications for regulatory compliance and enterprise risk management efforts. Opportunities for future research include employing structure-mapping theory to test the predictive value of DCM success factors in other system implementation and migration contexts such as cloud migrations.
Data Availability: A complete copy of the questionnaire is available upon request.
Description of the prevalence, histologic characteristics, concomitant abnormalities, and outcomes of mammary gland tumors in companion rats (Rattus norvegicus): 100 cases (1990–2015)
Authors: Vergneau-Grosset Claire , Keel M. Kevin , Goldsmith Dayna , Kass Philip H. , Paul-Murphy Joanne , Hawkins Michelle G. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the prevalence, histologic characteristics, concomitant abnormalities, and outcomes for various types of mammary gland tumors in companion rats (Rattus norvegicus).
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 100 client-owned rats.
PROCEDURES Medical records of companion rats that had an SC mass and were examined at a veterinary teaching hospital between 1990 and 2015 were reviewed. Information regarding the signalment, age at mass detection, reproductive sterilization status, histologic diagnosis of the SC mass, location of the initial and all subsequent SC masses, treatments administered, and clinical outcomes was extracted from each record and summarized.
RESULTS 105 SC masses were initially detected in 100 rats. The most prevalent SC mass identified was mammary gland fibroadenoma (56/105 [53%]), followed by mammary gland carcinoma (13/105 [12%]). Overall, 26 of 105 (25%) masses were malignant. Sexually intact males were more likely to have nonmammary SC tumors than sexually intact females. In rats receiving no adjunctive treatment after excision of a mammary gland fibroadenoma (n = 16), a second fibroadenoma was detected 1 to 8 months after initial excision, at a median of 4.5 months after surgery. A concomitant pituitary gland tumor was identified in most rats with mammary gland fibroadenoma (21/28 [75%]) and other types of mammary gland tumors (10/17 [59%]). Fourteen of 35 (40%) rats with mammary gland fibroadenoma had concomitant reproductive tract abnormalities.
CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that, like other species, companion rats with SC masses should undergo a thorough diagnostic workup that includes histologic examination of the excised mass.
Peripheral neuropathy of a forelimb in horses: 27 cases (2000–2013)
Authors: Emond Anne-Laure , Bertoni Lélia , Seignour Maeva , Coudry Virginie , Denoix Jean-Marie 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical features, diagnostic procedures, management, and outcome of horses with peripheral neuropathy of a forelimb.
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 27 horses.
PROCEDURES Records from 2000 to 2013 were reviewed to identify horses with peripheral neuropathy of a forelimb. Horses were grouped as having predominant lesions of a suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve, or radial nerve (alone or in association with other brachial plexus nerves) on the basis of physical examination and diagnostic imaging findings. Treatments were primarily conservative. Signalment, history, lameness characteristics, diagnostic imaging features, case management, and outcomes were evaluated.
RESULTS Predominant lesions of a suprascapular nerve, axillary nerve, and radial nerve were identified in 11, 2, and 14 horses, respectively. Eight horses with predominant suprascapular nerve injury and 9 with injury to a radial nerve alone or in association with other nerves returned to their previous activity level or intended use after mean recovery periods of 9.3 and 13.3 months, respectively; 2 horses with a predominant axillary nerve injury had this outcome after a mean 3.5-month recovery period. Ultrasonography was useful for evaluation of muscle atrophy and other injuries during the initial examination (in 27 horses) and the rehabilitation period (in 7 horses).
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Most horses with peripheral neuropathy of a forelimb returned to athletic soundness following an adequate period of rest. Horses with lesions of a radial nerve alone or in association with other nerves typically required longer recovery times than did those with predominant injuries of a suprascapular nerve.
Cocaine promotes primary human astrocyte proliferation via JNK-dependent up-regulation of cyclin A2
Authors: Lee Chun-Ting , Boeshore Kristen L. , Wu Chun , Becker Kevin G. , Errico Stacie L. , Mash Deborah C. , Freed William J. 
Published: November 2016

Purpose: Astrocytes perform a plethora of important functions in the central nervous system (CNS) and are involved in cocaine-evoked synaptic plasticity. Previously, we showed that while cocaine decreased cyclin A2 expression in primary human neural progenitor cells, it increased cyclin A2 expression in human astrocytes. Since cyclin A2 is an essential regulator of the cell cycle, the aim of the present study is to clarify the effect of cocaine on proliferation of human astrocytes and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods: Primary human astrocytes were treated with either 1, 10, or 100 μM cocaine for 48 hr, and cell proliferation was measured using the CyQUANT cell proliferation assay. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms through which cocaine affects the proliferation of astrocytes, we analyzed gene expression profiles in cocaine-treated primary human astrocytes using a human focused cDNA array. Gene ontology/pathway enrichment analysis, STRING protein-protein interaction analysis, RT-qPCR, and western blotting were used to identify signal transduction pathways that are involved in cocaine-induced astrocyte dysfunction. Results: Cocaine at 10 and 100 μM significantly increased human astrocyte proliferation. Gene expression profiling revealed the JNK MAP kinase pathway as a driver of cell proliferation affected by cocaine in human astrocytes. Further experiments showed that cocaine-induced JNK activation induced up-regulation of cyclin A2, leading to enhanced proliferation of human astrocytes. Conclusion: Cocaine-induced abnormal increases in the number of astrocytes may cause disruption in neuron-glia signaling and contribute to synaptic impairment in the CNS. Understanding the mechanisms of cocaine’s effects on human astrocytes may help to reveal the involvement of glial cells in addictive behaviors.
A cross-categorial definite determiner: Evidence from Ga (Kwa)
Authors: Renans Agata 
Published: November 2016

This paper contributes to the growing body of evidence that in a cross-linguistic perspective there are definite descriptions of categories other than NPs. Based on novel data from Ga, an under-researched language spoken in Ghana, the paper argues that the definite determiner lE marks overtly familiarity and uniqueness in both the nominal and the verbal domain. When lE attaches to the VP, it marks an event as definite. The paper shows that definiteness in the verbal domain not only exists but also has the same properties as in the nominal domain, pointing to further parallelism between both.
Reasoning with Partial Orders: Restrictions on Ignorance Inferences of Superlative Modifiers
Authors: Mendia Jon Ander 
Published: November 2016

The present study is concerned with Ignorance Inferences associated with Superlative Modifiers (SMs) like at least and at most. Experimental evidence will be presented showing that the Ignorance Inferences associated with SMs depend on their associate: when the associate of an SM is a totally ordered set (e.g. a numeral), the exhaustive interpretation of the prejacent must necessarily constitute an epistemic possibility for the speaker. However, when the associate of the SM is partially ordered, the exhaustive interpretation of the prejacent can, but need not constitute an epistemic possibility for the speaker.
Three Types of Indefinites in Persian: Simple, Complex, and Antidefinite
Authors: Jasbi Masoud 
Published: November 2016

This paper investigates three indefinite constructions in Persian: simple (ye-NP), complex (ye-NP-i), and antidefinite (NP-i). It shows that simple indefinites with the determiner ye carry an at-issue existence implication (|NP| ≥ 1), similar to their English counterpart with the indefinite determiner a(n). Complex indefinites with both ye and -i introduce an antisingleton implication (|NP| > 1), similar to Spanish indefinites with algún. Antidefinites with only the clitic -i are a novel category which trigger a projective non-uniqueness implication (|NP| ̸= 1). The paper provides a compositional account in which the antisingleton implication of complex indefinites is derived from the existence implication of the determiner "ye" and the non-uniqueness implication of the clitic "-i". The predictions of this account as well as the pragmatic effects of complex indefinites such as ignorance, indifference, free choice, and domain widening implications are discussed.