bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of replacing sardine oil with margarine on dyslipidemia, dysglycemia and redox status of adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced obesity in Wistar rats
Authors: Hamza-Reguig Sherazed , Boukhari Benahmed Daidj Nabila , Louala Sabrine , Boualga Ahmed , Lamri-Senhadji Myriem 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of replacing two different fats on dyslipidemia, glycemic balance and adipose tissue redox status in obese rats.

Design/methodology/approach
Obesity was induced by feeding a high-mutton-fat diet during three months. An experimental group (n = 24) was divided into two groups that were fed during one month, 20 per cent of margarine or sardine oil. At Day 30, six rats from each group were sacrificed and the remaining rats were then subjected to a change in diet for one month: margarine was replaced by sardine oil and inversely, and then the rats were sacrificed. Three other groups (n = 6), each fed during two months, 20 per cent of margarine, sardine oil or mutton fat, served as controls.

Findings
Substitution of sardine oil by margarine compared to control sardine oil had increased triacylglycerols (TGs), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and isoprostanes (IsoPs) values, but decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and superoxide dismutase activity. Replacing margarine by sardine oil compared to control margarine reduced total cholesterol, TG, HbA1c, TBARS and IsoP contents but enhanced glutathione reductase and peroxidase activities. Nevertheless, comparing with the mutton fat, the two substitutions had improved glycemic and lipidic abnormalities and attenuated lipoperoxidation by enhancing enzymatic antioxidant defense. These favorable effects were better when margarine was replaced by sardine oil.

Originality/value
Substituting margarine with sardine oil seems to attenuate beneficial cardiometabolic risk markers associated to obesity and potentiate efficiency adipose tissue against the oxidative stress induced by the obesogenic diet.
Night eating status according to body mass index of Korean adolescents
Authors: Choi Mi-Kyeong , Cho Yu-Jin , Kim Myung-Hee , Bae Yun Jung 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in night eating status according to adolescents’ body mass index (BMI).

Design/methodology/approach
This was a cross-sectional study that included a total of 688 middle-school students. The subjects were categorized as underweight, normal weight and overweight according to their BMI, and their night eating intake patterns, night eating menu preference and intake frequency were compared and analyzed.

Findings
With regard to their night eating frequency, 39.8 per cent replied almost never, while 24.3 per cent replied once a week and less and 22.5 per cent replied two to three times a week. Among 11 night eating menus, the preference for fast foods, confectioneries, street foods and noodles was significantly higher in the underweight group than in the overweight group. The intake frequency of night eating menus such as fast foods, confectioneries and breads increased in the following order: overweight, normal and underweight group. The underweight group had a higher frequency of night eating, and they preferred to eat snacks more frequently from their night eating menu.

Originality/value
In conclusion, it is necessary to form positive dietary habits including nighttime eating for proper dietary management of adolescents.
Effect of nutritional interventional measures on admitted children in selected nutritional rehabilitation centres of Karnataka, India
Authors: Golandaj Javeed A. , Vatavati Shrikanta R. , Kallihal Karabasappa Gadigeppa 
Published: March 2017

Purpose
The purpose of this paper is twofold: first, to examine the effect of interventional measures on admitted children and, second, to estimate the level of utilization of nutrition rehabilitation centres (NRCs) through bed occupancy rate in India.

Design/methodology/approach
A cross-sectional study involving review of records of malnourished children admitted during 1st January to 31st December 2014 in four districts of Northern Karnataka, India. The data were collected during January 2015.

Findings
A statistically significant difference was obtained between the weight of children at admission and discharge (p < 0.001). The average weight gain during the stay at the centres was 6.1 ± 7.1 g/kg/day. The proportion of severely malnourished children decreased from 56 per cent at admission to 32 per cent at discharge. The children who stayed for a stipulated period of 14 days were fully recovered and discharged from the centre compared to those stayed for lesser period. Poor follow-up visits of discharged children are observed, and the average bed occupancy rate was only 40 per cent.

Originality/value
This study showed that, the NRCs were effective in improving the condition of admitted children, but the utilization of these NRCs was sub-optimal in Karnataka. This study pointed to a number of operational issues that need to be addressed if these NRCs are being used effectively.
Limb remote ischaemic postconditioning‐induced elevation of fibulin‐5 confers neuroprotection to rats with cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion injury: Activation of the AKT pathway
Authors: Zhang Wei , Wang Ye , Bi Guorong 
Published: March 2017

SummaryLimb remote ischaemic postconditioning (RIPostC) is an effective and well‐acknowledged treatment for brain ischaemia injury. The present study aimed to evaluate the role of fibulin‐5 in the neuroprotection of RIPostC against cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. The middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established in rats and then RIPostC was carried out by three cycles of 10 minutes occlusion/10 minutes release of the bilateral femoral artery at the beginning of the reperfusion. To downregulate the fibulin‐5 level, fibulin‐5 siRNA was injected into the lateral ventricle 24 hours before MCAO. According to our present study, RIPostC attenuated cerebral I/R injury by decreasing infarct volume, improving neurobehavioral score and suppressing blood brain barrier (BBB) leakage. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of fibulin‐5 were upregulated by RIPostC at 24 hours and 72 hours after reperfusion. Downregulation of fibulin‐5 attenuated the neuroprotection of RIPostC. Finally, the result showed that fibulin‐5 was upregulated by RIPostC via activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. Taken together, these results provide evidence that upregulation of fibulin‐5 is involved in the beneficial effect of RIPostC against cerebral I/R injury.
Vitamin Fortification of Fluid Milk
Authors: Yeh Eileen B. , Barbano David M. , Drake MaryAnne 
Published: March 2017

AbstractVitamin concentrates with vitamins A and D are used for fortification of fluid milk. Although many of the degradation components of vitamins A and D have an important role in flavor/fragrance applications, they may also be source(s) of off‐flavor(s) in vitamin fortified milk due to their heat, oxygen, and the light sensitivity. It is very important for the dairy industry to understand how vitamin concentrates can impact flavor and flavor stability of fluid milk. Currently, little research on vitamin degradation products can be found with respect to flavor contributions. In this review, the history, regulations, processing, and storage stability of vitamins in fluid milk are addressed along with some hypotheses for the role of vitamin A and D fortification on flavor and stability of fluid milk.
Social Rejection and Alcohol Use in Daily Life
Authors: Laws Holly B. , Ellerbeck Nicole E. , Rodrigues Alyne S. , Simmons Jessica A. , Ansell Emily B. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundPrior studies have found that social rejection is associated with increases in negative affect, distress, and hostility. Fewer studies, however, have examined the impact of social rejection on alcohol use, and no known studies have tested whether the impact of social rejection by close others differs from social rejection by acquaintances in its association with subsequent drinking.MethodsParticipants completed event‐contingent reports of their social interactions and alcohol use for 14 consecutive days on smartphones. Multilevel negative binomial regression models tested whether experiencing more social rejection than usual was associated with increased drinking, and whether this association was stronger when participants were rejected by close others (e.g., friends, spouses, family members) versus strangers or acquaintances.ResultsResults showed a significant interaction between social rejection and relationship closeness. On days characterized by rejection by close others, the likelihood of drinking significantly increased. On days characterized by rejection by acquaintances, by contrast, there was no increase in the likelihood of drinking. There was no main effect of rejection on likelihood of drinking.ConclusionsThese results suggest that relationship type is a key factor in whether social rejection translates to potentially harmful behaviors, such as increased alcohol use. This finding is in contrast to many laboratory paradigms of rejection, which emphasize rejection and ostracism by strangers rather than known others. In the more naturalistic setting of measuring social interactions on smartphone in daily life, our findings suggest that only social rejection delivered by close others, and not strangers, led to subsequent drinking.
MALDI‐TOF MS identification of microbiota associated with pest insect Diabrotica speciosa
Authors: Perlatti Bruno , Luiz Anderson L. , Prieto Evandro L. , Fernandes João B. , da Silva Maria Fátima das Graças Fernandes , Ferreira Douglas , Costa Eduardo N. , Boiça Júnior Arlindo L. , Forim Moacir R. 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Resistance development in pest insects has guided the advance of cleaner and more effective strategies for pest control. An interesting and promising strategy is the manipulation of insects via their gut microbiota.
To evaluate the feasibility of this strategy, Diabrotica speciosa, a highly polyphagous pest insect from South America that causes substantial damage to several important crops, was reared under controlled conditions. Aerobic culturable bacteria were isolated from the gut of D. speciosa and identified using proteomic fingerprints obtained by matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization coupled to time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (MALDI‐TOF MS), as well as by genomic methods via partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.
Seventy‐three strains belonging to 17 genera and up to 29 different species were isolated. γ‐Proteobacteria of the orders Pseudomonadales and Enterobacteriales were the predominant. A core gut microbiome for the genus Diabrotica could be inferred when microbiotas from different species from the genus were compared. Molecular and spectrometric techniques indicated complete agreement of genera classification, although cluster analysis revealed distinct taxonomic grouping patterns.
MALDI‐TOF MS provided reliable identification of culturable gut bacteria, demonstrating similar efficacy, with cheaper and faster results relative to partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and also showed an interesting and unexpected phyloproteomic correlation.
Burden of human scabies in sub‐Saharan African prisons: Evidence from the west region of Cameroon
Authors: Kouotou Emmanuel Armand , Nansseu Jobert Richie N , Sangare Abdoulaye , Moguieu Bogne Léonnelle‐Lynda , Sieleunou Isidore , Adegbidi Hugues , Tameyi Tatsa Joël , Moyou Somo Roger 
Published: March 2017

AbstractBackground/ObjectivesThere is little data on the profile and magnitude of scabies in sub‐Saharan African prisons. The present study aimed to assess the prevalence and determinants of scabies in prisons of the west region of Cameroon.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study from March to August 2014, and consecutively recruited volunteer detainees of three randomly selected prisons in the West Region of Cameroon. The diagnosis was based on clinical findings after assessment by two experienced and well‐trained dermatologists.ResultsWe enrolled 755 prisoners, 17 (2%) of whom were women. Their mean age was 32 ± 12 years. There were 242 cases (32%) of scabies, with significantly more cases in the most crowded prison (P < 0.0001). Men were significantly more affected than women (P = 0.004) and the prevalence of scabies significantly decreased when the level of education increased (P < 0.0001). In addition to a low level of education (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.90; P < 0.0001), sharing clothes/bedding (aOR 2.72; P < 0.0001) and the number of detainees per cell > 10 (aOR 1.89; P = 0.002), but not age, duration of incarceration, number of baths/week and washing/week, were independent drivers of scabies occurrence.ConclusionAlmost one‐third of prisoners suffered from scabies in our prisons. A low educational level, the sharing of clothes/bedding and number of detainees/cell > 10 were independent determinants of the disease. Urgent measures must be undertaken to reduce the burden of scabies in our prisons.
Perioperative outcomes of total laparoscopic hysterectomy at a regional hospital in New Zealand
Authors: Suisted Philip , Chittenden Brad 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundTotal laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) is established as a safe method of hysterectomy, with a satisfactory patient experience. However, most published data derive from high‐volume centres with experienced teams. It is not clear whether these data translate to smaller centres?AimsTo evaluate the implementation of a minimally invasive option for hysterectomy at a regional public hospital in New Zealand.Materials and methodsProspective audit of 120 cases of TLH over three years. We retrospectively compared outcomes to the same number of abdominal (AH) and vaginal hysterectomy (VH).ResultsTLH and AH were predominantly performed for heavy menstrual bleeding (65 and 64%) and VH for prolapse (54%). The largest uteri were AH (range 30–3400 g), TLH (35–550) then VH (21–256). Compared to TLH, both AH and VH had shorter mean operating theatre times (TLH 126.8 ± 44.8 min, AH 103.2 ± 32.8 and VH 93 ± 26.9), longer mean hospital stay (TLH 51.3 ± 21.3 h, AH 101.9 ± 36.6 and VH 75.1 ± 31.3) and increased mean blood loss (TLH 153 ± 116.1 mL, AH 517 ± 672.3 and VH 244 ± 206.8). One TLH was converted to laparotomy and one required interval laparoscopy. Major complications (2.5%) were lowest in the TLH group and were consistent with large international series.ConclusionsTLH would appear to be a safe and effective local option. The outcomes for patients at a regional general hospital can replicate the results of larger centres.
Induction of labour practices in New South Wales hospitals: Before and after a statewide policy
Authors: Nippita Tanya A. C. , Roberts Christine L. , Nicholl Michael C. , Morris Jonathan M. 
Published: March 2017

Midwifery Unit Managers completed surveys in 2008 and 2014 to determine methods of induction of labour. There was an increase in balloon catheter use for cervical ripening (rate difference 37%, P = 0.007). Currently, all respondent hospitals have an oxytocin protocol; district hospitals had a significant increase in use of post‐maturity protocols (rate difference = 40%, P = 0.01) but there was no change in use of prostaglandin protocols.
Induction of labour using balloon catheter and prostaglandin gel
Authors: Brown Jacqueline , Beckmann Michael 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundThe process of induction of labour (IOL) commonly involves cervical ripening, using mechanical or pharmacological methods. However, the optimum protocol of IOL remains undetermined.AimsTo report the maternal, neonatal and process outcomes for women being induced with a balloon catheter or prostaglandin E2 gel (PGE2).Materials and methodsMatched retrospective cohort study of women requiring IOL at term with a modified Bishop's score (MBS) <7. Those who underwent cervical ripening with a double balloon catheter were matched 1:1 for parity, indication and MBS score to those using PGE2 gel. The primary outcome measure was mode of birth.ResultsAfter exclusions, data from 427 women induced with a balloon catheter were able to be matched to 427 women induced with PGE2 gel. Compared to women receiving PGE2 gel, those induced using a balloon catheter were more likely to have an unassisted vaginal birth (50.4% vs 42.9%; P = 0.028), a lower mean estimated blood loss (420 vs 481 mL; P = 0.028), a reduction in fetal acidaemia (2.4% vs 8.8%; P = 0.003) and a greater likelihood experiencing vaginal delivery within 24 h (33.7% vs 25.8%; P = 0.011).ConclusionSimilar to findings in randomised controlled trials and meta‐analyses of IOL methods, we observed more unassisted vaginal births, less blood loss, decreased fetal acidaemia, and a greater likelihood of vaginal delivery within 24 h, with use of balloon catheter as compared to PGE2 vaginal gel.
Obstetric risk score – revalidated for triaging high‐risk pregnancies in rural areas
Authors: Humphrey Michael D. , Foxcroft Katie F. , Callaway Leonie K. 
Published: March 2017

BackgroundA pregnancy risk score system in popular use in provincial and rural Queensland to assist with the triage decisions regarding the appropriate facility for pregnancy care has been upgraded with more recently recognised pregnancy risk factors.AimsTo review the usefulness of the revised pregnancy risk score system and the integrity of its continuing use.Materials and Methods459 women attending regional/rural hospitals and 1963 women attending a major specialist hospital for their pregnancy care had a prospective risk score assessed, and the resulting score was examined in relationship to pregnancy outcomes.ResultsThere was a statistically significant positive relationship between a risk score of eight or more and an adverse outcome and a statistically significant negative relationship between a risk score of zero or one and adverse outcomes.ConclusionThis study revalidates the risk score process for use in provincial and rural Queensland in delineating those women requiring care in a location with higher levels of clinical service capability. Women with a risk score of 8 or more have an increased likelihood of needing birth intervention and/or having an adverse neonatal outcome and should be recognised as needing the development of a multidisciplinary care plan and assessment in a facility that is appropriately resourced for their end of pregnancy care.
Comparison between magnetic resonance imaging and B‐mode ultrasound in detecting and estimating the extent of human carotid atherosclerosis
Authors: Hjelmgren Ola , Schmidt Caroline , Johansson Lars , Bergström Göran M. L. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryBackgroundIn MRI studies of carotid plaques, ultrasound is used to find plaques, which are later imaged using MRI. The performance in plaque detection has not been compared between the modalities. The aim of the current study was to compare the performance of MRI and ultrasound in detecting carotid artery plaques and measuring extent of atherosclerosis.MethodsSubjects with at least one plaque (height≥2·5 mm) on ultrasound were imaged using MRI. The number of plaques and their height was measured in both modalities; plaque area and volume were analysed on ultrasound and MRI, respectively.ResultsThirty‐eight subjects were included. MRI detected plaques in 95% of carotid arteries with a plaque height of ≥2·5 mm on ultrasound and in all carotid arteries with a plaque exceeding 2·5 mm. MRI detected 53% of the plaques with a height below 2·5 mm. The plaque height measured with both techniques correlated significantly, 0·59, P<0·0001. Ultrasound‐derived plaque height and plaque area correlated similarly to MRI‐derived plaque volume, r = 0·52; P<0·0001 and r = 0·47; P = 0·001, respectively.ConclusionsWe conclude that MRI has a similar sensitivity to ultrasound in finding carotid artery plaques that are 2·5 mm or higher. In smaller plaques, MRI detects fewer plaques. Multiple carotid plaques seen on ultrasound most often are a misinterpretation of the anatomy and correspond to a single plaque. Plaque height on ultrasound is comparable to plaque height on MRI and correlates fairly well with plaque volume on MRI making it an interesting proxy for plaque burden.
A more precise, repeatable and diagnostic alternative to surface electromyography – an appraisal of the clinical utility of acoustic myography
Authors: Harrison Adrian P. 
Published: March 2017

SummaryAcoustic myography (AMG) enables a detailed and accurate measurement of those muscles involved in a particular movement and is independent of electrical signals between the nerve and muscle, measuring solely muscle contractions, unlike surface electromyography (sEMG). With modern amplifiers and digital sound recording systems, measurements during physical activity both inside and outside a laboratory setting are now possible and accurate. Muscle sound gives a representation of the work of each muscle group during a complex movement, and under certain forms of movement even reveals both concentric and eccentric activity, something that sEMG is incapable of. Recent findings suggest that AMG has a number of advantages over sEMG, being simple to use, accurate and repeatable as well as being intuitive to interpret. The AMG signal comprises three physiological parameters, namely efficiency/coordination (E‐score), spatial summation (S‐score) and temporal summation (T‐score). It is concluded that modern AMG units have the potential to accurately assess patients with neuromuscular and musculoskeletal complaints in hospital clinics, home monitoring situations as well as sports settings.
Intraläsionale Therapie niedrig maligner primär kutaner B‐Zell‐Lymphome mit Anti‐CD20‐Antikörper: Nebenwirkungen korrelieren mit gutem klinischen Ansprechen
Authors: Eberle Franziska C. , Holstein Julia , Scheu Alexander , Fend Falko , Yazdi Amir S. 
Published: March 2017

ZusammenfassungHintergrund und ZielDie intraläsionale Gabe von Anti‐CD20‐Antikörpern (Rituximab) wurde als effektive Therapieoption für Patienten mit niedrig malignen primär kutanen B‐Zell‐Lymphomen beschrieben. Bis heute wurden allerdings keine Parameter identifiziert, welche reproduzierbar ein gutes klinisches Ansprechen dieser Therapie vorhersagen. Ziel dieser Studie ist, sowohl das klinische Ansprechen und die unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen als auch die Patientenwahrnehmung hinsichtlich intraläsionaler Injektionen von anti‐CD20‐Antikörpern zur Behandlung indolenter primär kutaner B‐Zell‐Lymphome im Vergleich mit anderen Therapien zu evaluieren.Patienten und MethodikElf Patienten mit einem primär kutanen B‐Zell‐Lymphom, namentlich primär kutanes Keimzentrumslymphom (n = 9) und primär kutanes Marginalzonenlymphom (n = 2), welche mittels intraläsionalem Anti‐CD20‐Antikörper behandelt wurden, wurden retrospektiv evaluiert hinsichtlich der Ansprechrate und unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen sowie in Bezug auf deren Selbsteinschätzung dieser und anderer Therapien des primär kutanen B‐Zell‐Lymphoms.ErgebnissePatienten, deren primär kutanes B‐Zell‐Lymphom mittels intraläsionaler Gabe von Anti‐CD20‐Antikörper behandelt wurde, zeigten ein komplettes oder partielles Ansprechen in 45 % beziehungsweise 27 % aller Patienten. Speziell Patienten mit grippeähnlichen Symptomen nach erfolgter Injektion zeigten ein gutes Ansprechen. Die Mehrheit der Patienten empfand die Therapie mit Rituximab als die beste Therapie im Vergleich zu anderen Therapien wie beispielsweise chirurgische Exzision oder Radiotherapie.FazitIntraläsionales Rituximab ist eine effektive Therapie mit hoher Patientenzufriedenheit. Starke therapiebedingte Nebenwirkungen wie Fieber, Schüttelfrost und Kopfschmerzen nach Gabe von Rituximab könnten als Indikator für gute Wirksamkeit dienen.