bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of combined malnutrition and obesity on trauma and orthopaedic surgery outcomes
Authors: Abelleyra Lastoria Diego A. , Ogbolu Chigoziem , Olatigbe Olufemi , Beni Rebecca , Iftikhar Ahsan , Hing Caroline B. 
Published: October 2024

AimsTo determine whether obesity and malnutrition have a synergistic effect on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.MethodsElectronic databases including MEDLINE, Global Health, Embase, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and PEDRo were searched up to 14 April 2024, as well as conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies. Studies were appraised using tools according to study design, including the Oxford Levels of Evidence, the Institute of Health Economics case series quality appraisal checklist, and the CLARITY checklist for cohort studies. Studies were eligible if they reported the effects of combined malnutrition and obesity on outcomes from skeletal trauma or elective orthopaedic surgery.ResultsA total of eight studies (106,319 patients) were included. These carried moderate to high risk of bias. Combined obesity and malnutrition did not lead to worse outcomes in patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty or repair of proximal humeral fractures (two retrospective cohort studies). Three studies (two retrospective cohort studies, one case series) found that malnourishment and obesity had a synergistic effect and led to poor outcomes in total hip or knee arthroplasty, including longer length of stay and higher complication rates. One retrospective cohort study pertaining to posterior lumbar fusion found that malnourished obese patients had higher odds of developing surgical site infection and sepsis, as well as higher odds of requiring a revision procedure.ConclusionCombined malnutrition and obesity have a synergistic effect and lead to poor outcomes in lower limb procedures. Appropriate preoperative optimization and postoperative care are required to improve outcomes in this group of patients.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1044–1049.
Association between surgeon and hospital volume and outcome of first-time revision hip arthroplasty for aseptic loosening
Authors: Holleyman Richard J. , Jameson Simon S. , Meek R. M. Dominic , Khanduja Vikas , Reed Mike R. , Judge Andrew , Board Tim N. 
Published: October 2024

AimsThis study evaluates the association between consultant and hospital volume and the risk of re-revision and 90-day mortality following first-time revision of primary hip arthroplasty for aseptic loosening.MethodsWe conducted a cohort study of first-time, single-stage revision hip arthroplasties (RHAs) performed for aseptic loosening and recorded in the National Joint Registry (NJR) data for England, Wales, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man between 2003 and 2019. Patient identifiers were used to link records to national mortality data, and to NJR data to identify subsequent re-revision procedures. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models with restricted cubic splines were used to define associations between volume and outcome.ResultsAmong 12,961 RHAs there were 513 re-revisions within two years, and 95 deaths within 90 days of surgery. The risk of re-revision was highest for a consultant’s first RHA (hazard ratio (HR) 1.56 (95% CI 1.15 to 2.12)) and remained significantly elevated for their first 24 cases (HR 1.26 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.58)). Annual consultant volumes of five/year were associated with an almost 30% greater risk of re-revision (HR 1.28 (95% CI 1.00 to 1.64)) and 80% greater risk of 90-day mortality (HR 1.81 (95% CI 1.02 to 3.21)) compared to volumes of 20/year. RHAs performed at hospitals which had cumulatively undertaken fewer than 167 RHAs were at up to 70% greater risk of re-revision (HR 1.70 (95% CI 1.12 to 2.59)), and those having undertaken fewer than 307 RHAs were at up to three times greater risk of 90-day mortality (HR 3.05 (95% CI 1.19 to 7.82)).ConclusionThis study found a significantly higher risk of re-revision and early postoperative mortality following first-time single-stage RHA for aseptic loosening when performed by lower-volume consultants and at lower-volume institutions, supporting the move towards the centralization of such cases towards higher-volume units and surgeons.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1050–1058.
Management of bone loss in anterior shoulder instability
Authors: Arenas-Miquelez Antonio , Barco Raul , Cabo Cabo Francisco J. , Hachem Abdul-ilah 
Published: October 2024

Bone defects are frequently observed in anterior shoulder instability. Over the last decade, knowledge of the association of bone loss with increased failure rates of soft-tissue repair has shifted the surgical management of chronic shoulder instability. On the glenoid side, there is no controversy about the critical glenoid bone loss being 20%. However, poor outcomes have been described even with a subcritical glenoid bone defect as low as 13.5%. On the humeral side, the Hill-Sachs lesion should be evaluated concomitantly with the glenoid defect as the two sides of the same bipolar lesion which interact in the instability process, as described by the glenoid track concept. We advocate adding remplissage to every Bankart repair in patients with a Hill-Sachs lesion, regardless of the glenoid bone loss. When critical or subcritical glenoid bone loss occurs in active patients (> 15%) or bipolar off-track lesions, we should consider anterior glenoid bone reconstructions. The techniques have evolved significantly over the last two decades, moving from open procedures to arthroscopic, and from screw fixation to metal-free fixation. The new arthroscopic techniques of glenoid bone reconstruction procedures allow precise positioning of the graft, identification, and treatment of concomitant injuries with low morbidity and faster recovery. Given the problems associated with bone resorption and metal hardware protrusion, the new metal-free techniques for Latarjet or free bone block procedures seem a good solution to avoid these complications, although no long-term data are yet available.Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2024;106-B(10):1100–1110.
1 × 2 broadband polarization-independent beam splitter based on air annular photonic crystal designed by a particle swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Cao Yang , Chen Yu , Li Jiaqi , Shi Pengcheng , Li Jiaqi , Li Peili 
Published: October 2024

We propose a 1×2 broadband polarization-independent beam splitter based on air annular photonic crystals. The inner and outer radii of the air annular photonic crystals at the V-shaped waveguide side and corners can influence the transmittance and broadband performance. To improve the design efficiency and transmittance of the broadband splitter, particle swarm optimization was used to reverse-design the splitter. The performance of the designed splitter was studied, and the results show that the designed splitter has a wide bandwidth range of 1530–1565 nm. It exhibits a minimum transmittance of 84% and an average transmittance of 87.8% for TE polarization and a minimum transmittance of 81% and an average transmittance of 83% for TM polarization. The response times for both polarizations are below 0.7 ps. This device has promising applications in all-optical communication networks and photonic high-density integration.
Modeling and experimental characterization of a compact Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator on the SOI
Authors: Xie Fanglin , Li Hongqiang , Xue Aijia , Han Ming , Zhang Lizhen , Li Enbang 
Published: October 2024

The Mach–Zehnder electro-optic modulator (MZM) plays a crucial role in photonics integration technology during signal transmission. We propose the design and fabrication of a silicon-based electro-optic modulator based on the M-Z structure and design a modulator using silicon as the waveguide core layer on a silicon dioxide substrate. The detailed design involves a 1×2 splitter, branch waveguides, modulating arm waveguides, and a 2×1 combiner. The MZM fabrication and characterization results reveal that the half-wave voltage of the silicon-based MZM is 2 V, with an optical loss of −2.464dB and a device core size of 450µm×2800µm. The experimental results indicate that the MZM with a low half-wave voltage, a low loss, and high integration has significant value. The proposed MZM exhibits considerable improvements, featuring a low half-wave voltage and a low loss, and this device may serve as a fundamental component in wearable large-scale photonic integrated circuits for weak ECG real-time detection.
Multifunctional fluorescent Pseudomonas: effects on maize development and tools for their selection
Authors: Demeneck Belen Gabriela , Cysneiros Vinicius Costa , Guimarães Amanda Gonçalves , Botelho Gloria Regina 
Published: October 2024

Maize is one of the most cultivated cereals worldwide. Despite the low nutrient availability in the soil, high amounts of fertilizers are applied causing economic and environmental impacts. Then, Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) as Fluorescent Pseudomonas can be utilized as an alternative. The present work aims to analyze the effect of Pseudomonas isolates on maize development and production and verify the relationship between growth mechanisms and IAA production. Sixteen Pseudomonas isolates were tested in vitro to produce IAA, ACC deaminase, siderophores, and solubilize Fe and Al phosphates. Three isolates (CBSAL02, CBSAL05, and CBSAL06) were selected for the field experiment, in which an A. brasilense inoculant was the control, generating five treatments with four replications. More than 50% of the isolates demonstrated the tested mechanisms. Only CBSAL05 did not produce siderophore or could fix N. Inoculations with A. brasilense and Pseudomonas isolates increased leaf N content among the selected isolates. The CBSAL06 isolate increased productivity, thus demonstrating the potential use as an inoculant.
Surgical Repair of Postinfarction Left Ventricular Pseudoaneurysm
Authors: Kim Soon Jin , Kim Kyung Hwa , Kim Jong Hun , Kim Tae Yun 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm is a serious and rare disorder that usually develops after acute myocardial infarction. It can lead to potentially lethal mechanical complications, such as acute left ventricular free wall rupture. This report presents the case of a 64-year-old man with a left ventricular pseudoaneurysm and myocardial rupture that was managed by left ventricular restoration with aneurysmectomy and coronary artery bypass with 2 grafts.
The Role of Culture in Enhancing Students’ Language Acquisition: Teacher’s Strategy
Authors: Nasution Ayau Ummad , Debataraja Christina Suriani , Ningsih Fitri Randia , Nasution Ummi Aisyah , Daulay Sholihatul Hamidah 
Published: October 2024

The aim of this research is to understand the role of culture in enhancing students’ foreign language acquisition. The researchers concluded that language and culture have a very close relationship. Therefore, this study wanted to examine whether the Ustadzah at the Darul Ihsan Islamic boarding school in the expanse of silver had implemented it in their classrooms properly. This research used a qualitative descriptive method. The research participants are two English teachers in Islamic boarding schools. The result of this study is that the teacher knows about the importance of understanding cultural literacy in a classroom then if a teacher wants to make students master the language well to speak and interact, a teacher should give an understanding to students about the role of culture in the use of cultural resources, literary culture and authentic ingredients.
Design of a MIMO implantable antenna with ultra-miniaturized volume and reduced SAR
Authors: Bose Moumita , Singh Ajit Prasad , Chakraborty Ujjal 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This paper presents an ultra-miniaturized skin implantable Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) antenna for biotelemetry in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band (2.4–2.48 GHz). The two-element configuration exhibits a compact planar volume of 4.5 × 6.2 × 0.25 mm³, with an edge-to-edge distance of 0.8 mm and a 75.85 % size reduction. Fabricated on a 0.25 mm thick Roger 10.2LM high permittivity substrate, the antenna achieves a Fractional Bandwidth (FBW) of 9.27 % and a realized gain of −28.2 dBi, with over 24.3 dB isolation across the entire band. Experimental results in multilayer animal tissue aligned well with simulations. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis at 1 W input power showed values of 848 W/kg (1-g) and 88.46 W/kg (10-g), yielding allowable input powers of 3.77 mW and 45.2 mW, respectively, adhering to international safety guidelines. The 2 × 2 element antenna demonstrated efficient communication over 7 m with a data rate of 78 Mbps/s. Multiple Input Multiple Output channel analysis revealed a Channel Capacity of 10.8 bps/Hz at a 20 dB SNR, nearly double that of an ideal Single Input Single Output system, making it suitable for high data rate skin-implantable applications.
Künstliche Intelligenz und Geschichtswissenschaft. Mehr als ein neues Werkzeug für die Digital History?
Authors: Götter Christian 
Published: October 2024

Zusammenfassung
In diesem Artikel diskutiert Christian Götter die möglichen Konsequenzen aktueller Künstlicher-Intelligenz-Anwendungen für die Geschichtswissenschaft. Zu diesem Zweck zieht er eine idealtypische historische Methode nach Johann Gustav Droysen heran und betrachtet die Chancen und Herausforderungen, die sich für die einzelnen Schritte der historischen Arbeit durch die Möglichkeiten Künstlicher Intelligenz jeweils ergeben. Er kommt dabei zu dem Schluss, dass sich die Folgen der Technologie für das Fach eher auf der Ebene der Skalierung bewegen als auf derjenigen grundsätzlicher, qualitativer Neuerungen. Geschichtswissenschaft kann durch Künstliche Intelligenz zugänglicher werden, und zwar sowohl im Hinblick auf ihre Praxis als auch hinsichtlich der Rezeption ihrer Ergebnisse; sie kann ihre Perspektiven und Quellengrundlagen erweitern; und angesichts der epistemologischen Grundlagen des Faches kann sogar dessen gesamtgesellschaftliche Relevanz steigen. Eine Revolution des Faches ist aber nicht zu erwarten. Vor dem Hintergrund dieses Befundes argumentiert Christian Götter ferner, dass die Künstliche Intelligenz auch das Studium der Geschichtswissenschaft eher graduell als grundsätzlich verändern dürfte. Vor allem liefert sie einen Anstoß, um über die Hausarbeit als Prüfungsform nachzudenken – ohne diese allerdings grundsätzlich in Frage zu stellen.
Nonideal mixing effect based on Cholette’s model on Van de Vusse reaction selectivity dynamics in an isothermal continuous stirred-tank reactor
Authors: Yang Chane-Yuan , Lin Zhengwei , Chien Yu-Shu 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
The nonideal mixing effect on the Van de Vusse reaction dynamic in a continuous stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) has rarely been studied in literature. This work presents the mixing operation condition and kinetic reaction constant effects on the Van de Vusse reaction selectivity dynamic in an isothermal CSTR based on Cholette’s model. The mixing condition effect is defined using the parameter μ = n/m, where n is the flow fraction to the reactor and m is the dead space fraction in the reactor. In Cholette’s model, μ = 1 and μ ≠ 1 represent, respectively, the ideal and nonideal mixing operations. Herein, the final desired product yield steady state in the phase plane is first constructed under reaction constant and mixing condition combinations, indicating that the larger the μ values, the higher the desired product steady-state yield. In the selectivity dynamic simulations, the phase plane is divided into transient extreme yield region and region of monotonic variation in yield. It is found for the first time that a higher μ value leads to a decrease in the transient maximum selectivity region area and an increase in the transient minimum selectivity region area in the phase plane. Moreover, the trajectory from the start up to the final steady state will be changed due to nonideal mixing. These results have not been published and have direct applications in real reactor design and operation. Since a CSTR with ideal mixing is hardly attainable in practice, our results benefit the real reactor design and startup policy development in the desired product transient maximum yield.
Stance-taking through APPRAISAL in L1 and L2 English argumentative essays: insights from Vietnamese L2 English
Authors: Chung Tieu Thuy , Crosthwaite Peter R. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Stance-taking in academic writing is now a well-established topic of interest in English language research, with explorations across a range of theoretical frameworks including metadiscourse and systemic functional linguistics (SFL). This includes studies investigating second language (L2) stance-taking, particularly those comparing stance features deployed by L1 and L2 English writers. However, studies investigating stance-taking using the APPRAISAL framework for evaluative discursive language across L1 and L2 production are relatively rare. Incorporating the APPRAISAL framework into research on stance-taking enhances our comprehension of evaluative language in academic writing, especially when it comes to cross-linguistic contexts. It also provides useful advantages for language assessment and instruction. In this learner corpus-assisted discourse study, APPRAISAL was used to determine how L1 English speakers and L2 English learners from L1 Vietnamese backgrounds expressed attitudes through their written texts. We also investigate the relationship between use of APPRAISAL resources and expert raters’ perceptions of written stance via a stance rubric. Findings show L2 English students are more explicit in argumentative writing than L1 English writers, despite fewer APPRAISAL choices in L2 texts. Besides, while high-rated texts were associated with more judgemental evaluation and invocation, more personal feelings were expressed in low-rated texts. These findings have implications for the instruction of L2 writers in conveying attitudinal meanings in text, as well as for raters tasked with assessing L2 academic essays for stance.
Narrativity and the Idea of Narrative Identity in Law
Authors: Andruszkiewicz Marta 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
How can an extension of the legal perspective with the idea of narrative unity be presented using the law and literature movement? Considering law as a complex semiotic object that is a product (and carrier) of culture makes it possible to see elements of narrativity from a theoretical and legal perspective. This is a significant phenomenon, especially aft er the cultural turn in the humanities. This article presents a problematisation of narrativity in legal discourse and the theory of law. As is well known, the theory of narration and the concept of narrativity have been widely used in the humanities, mainly in literary theory. I propose extending the narrative perspective to law by showing what research directions can be observed when using the concept of narration in the ethical and aesthetic dimensions of law. Finally, I discuss the thesis of narrative identity in relation to law. I adopt the perspective of examining law in the light of literary analysis.
Grundnorm and Grounding A modern Metaphysics for Hans Kelsen’s Pure Theory?
Authors: Zalewska Monika , Heidemann Carsten 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
This article explores the possibility of reconstructing Hans Kelsen’s neo-Kantian theory of the basic norm (Grundnorm) with the help of the theory of (metaphysical) grounding. First, we outline Kelsen’s theory of the basic norm as an integral part of his neo-Kantian transcendental idealism and give a sketch of grounding theory; we then try to fit these theories together. As it turns out, grounding theory has some internal flaws. More importantly, several of the features of a metaphysical ground are not compatible with the roles which Kelsen ascribes to the basic norm – its roles as a keystone of the legal hierarchy and as a transcendental-logical condition of legal cognition. Finally, an alternative conception is examined, according to which the legal system is grounded not by the basic norm but by social facts, with the basic norm serving as a bridging principle. However, this alternative is flawed as well; its main problem seems to be that it violates the dualism of ‘Is’ and ‘Ought’. The argument is relevant for the concept of personhood, because Kelsen treats the term ‘person’ in law as a mere expression for the unity of a specific set of legal norms, so that the identity of persons is ultimately dependent on the identity and function of the basic norm of the legal system.
Information on Gender Identity as Personal Data under EU and US Data Protection Models
Authors: Kuźnicka-Błaszkowska Dominika , Jabłoński Mariusz 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
One of the most important legal issues concerning gender identity is ensuring that no one is discriminated against in any type of environment and that individuals’ needs are considered seriously during the legislation process. Even though this can be questioned, if one needs to process information on gender to achieve an inclusive and diverse society and law, it seems that at this point in the history of society, there are no better measures to ensure a non-discriminatory environment than processing information on gender identity. Under the current personal data protection landscape, both in the European Union and the United States, it is not clear what the conditions are for processing information on the gender of individuals. Therefore, the authors of this article analyse legal requirements from both jurisdictions, also in the light of the question of the adequacy of personal data protection in the US under article 45 of the General Data Protection Regulation.
Evidence of altered redox homeostasis in trichothiodystrophy
Authors: Cordone Valeria , Guiotto Anna , Bucay Vivian , Pecorelli Alessandra , Valacchi Giuseppe 
Published: October 2024

Objective
Trichothiodystrophy (TTD) is a rare hereditary disease whose prominent feature is brittle hair. Additional clinical signs are physical and neurodevelopmental abnormalities and in about half of the cases hypersensitivity to UV radiation. Although the mutations involved in this condition have been characterized, the correlation between the molecular defects and the plethora of clinical symptoms is not well understood. Recently, the presence of a redox imbalance in TTD has been suggested although no clear evidence has been reported on this aspect.

Methods
In the present study, we evaluated the redox status of fibroblasts isolated from a TTD patient. In addition, to understand the ability of TTD cells to respond to oxidative insults, the cells were challenged with H2O2. Mitochondrial O2
•− and mitochondrial membrane potential were measured in different oxidative conditions. In addition, protein levels of NRF2 and BACH1 were also analyzed in response to H2O2.

Results
The results suggested an aberrant mitochondrial response to oxidative stimuli, an increased baseline oxidative stress status in TTD, and an altered NRF2/BACH1 level.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the altered redox homeostasis in TTD pathogenesis and mitochondria functionality.

Significance statement
Focusing on mitochondria homeostasis and redox imbalance could represent an alternative therapeutic target for this condition to improve patients’ clinical features.