bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
One‐stage laparoscopy‐assisted colectomy for synchronous double colorectal cancers
Authors: Tomioka Kodai , Murakami Masahiko , Watanabe Makoto , Matsui Nobuaki , Ozawa Yoshiaki , Yoshizawa Sota , Koizumi Tomotake , Goto Satoru , Fujimori Akira , Yoshitake Osamu , Otsuka Koji , Aoki Takeshi 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSynchronous multiple malignant colorectal lesions are rare, and there have been very few studies about one‐stage laparoscopic operations in these cases. Here, we evaluated the short‐term outcomes of laparoscopy‐assisted colectomy (LAC) for synchronous double colorectal cancers. Seven patients underwent one‐stage LAC that required two resections and anastomoses in our hospital from 2010 to 2014. We retrospectively examined each patient's background and subsequent surgical outcomes. The median age of patients was 78 years, and the median BMI was 19.8 kg/m2. The median operative time was 190 min, and blood loss was minimal. All resected specimens were extracted through a transumbilical incision. A radical operation was performed safely without procedural accidents or postoperative complications in all cases. The median postoperative hospital stay was 12.5 days. One‐stage LAC is considered a safe and viable procedure for resecting synchronous double colorectal cancers. It involves minimal invasiveness and is similar to standard LAC.
Identification of novel inhibitors of the amino acid transporter B0AT1 (SLC6A19), a potential target to induce protein restriction and to treat type 2 diabetes
Authors: Cheng Qi , Shah Nishank , Bröer Angelika , Fairweather Stephen , Jiang Yang , Schmoll Dieter , Corry Ben , Bröer Stefan 
Published: February 2017

Background and PurposeThe neutral amino acid transporter B0AT1 (SLC6A19) has recently been identified as a possible target to treat type 2 diabetes and related disorders. B0AT1 mediates the Na+‐dependent uptake of all neutral amino acids. For surface expression and catalytic activity, B0AT1 requires coexpression of collectrin (TMEM27). In this study, we established tools to identify and evaluate novel inhibitors of B0AT1.Experimental ApproachA CHO‐based cell line was generated, stably expressing collectrin and B0AT1. Using this cell line, a high‐throughput screening assay was developed, which uses a fluorescent dye to detect depolarisation of the cell membrane during amino acid uptake via B0AT1. In parallel to these functional assays, we ran a computational compound screen using AutoDock4 and a homology model of B0AT1 based on the high‐resolution structure of the highly homologous Drosophila dopamine transporter.Key ResultsWe characterized a series of novel inhibitors of the B0AT1 transporter. Benztropine was identified as a competitive inhibitor of the transporter showing an IC50 of 44 ± 9 μM. The compound was selective with regard to related transporters and blocked neutral amino acid uptake in inverted sections of mouse intestine.Conclusion And ImplicationsThe tools established in this study can be widely used to identify new transport inhibitors. Using these tools, we were able to identify compounds that can be used to study epithelial transport, to induce protein restriction, or be developed further through medicinal chemistry.
Effects of linagliptin on human immortalized podocytes: a cellular system to study dipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 inhibition
Authors: Miglio Gianluca , Vitarelli Giovanna , Klein Thomas , Benetti Elisa 
Published: February 2017

Background and PurposeDipeptidyl‐peptidase 4 (DPP4) is expressed by resident renal cells, including glomerular cells. DPP4 inhibitors (gliptins) exert albuminuria lowering effects, but the role of renal DPP4 as a pharmacological target has not been elucidated. To better understand the actions of gliptins, the effects of linagliptin on the behaviour of immortalized human podocytes and mesangial cells were evaluated.Experimental ApproachThe expression of DPP4 was measured at both the mRNA and protein levels. The effects of linagliptin on DPP4 activity, cell growth and cell cycle progression were determined. The contribution of the stromal cell‐derived factor‐1‐ CXCR4/CXCR7 signalling pathways was evaluated by studying the effects of AMD3100 (a CXCR4 antagonist and CXCR7 agonist) alone and in combination with linagliptin. The contribution of ERK1/2 activation was analysed by studying the effects of the MAPK kinase 1/2 inhibitor AZD6244.Key ResultsDPP4 was highly expressed in podocytes. The activity of DPP4 and podocyte growth were reduced by linagliptin. The effects of sitagliptin on podocyte growth were similar to those of linagliptin, were associated with inhibition of cell proliferation and mimicked by AMD3100. Moreover, linagliptin and AMD3100 were found to have a synergistic interaction, whereas no interaction was seen between linagliptin and AZD6244.Conclusions and ImplicationsOur cultures of human glomerular cells represent a reliable system for investigating the actions of gliptins. Moreover, DPP4 contributes to the regulation of podocyte behaviour. Inhibition of DPP4 in podocytes could underlie the effects of linagliptin on glomerular cells.
Immunological evaluation of peptide vaccination for cancer patients with the HLA ‐A11+ or ‐A33+ allele
Authors: Sakamoto Shinjiro , Matsueda Satoko , Takamori Shinzo , Toh Uhi , Noguchi Masanori , Yutani Shigeru , Yamada Akira , Shichijo Shigeki , Yamada Teppei , Suekane Shigetaka , Kawano Kouichiro , Naitou Masayasu , Sasada Tetsuro , Hattori Noboru , Kohno Nobuoki , Itoh Kyogo 
Published: February 2017

The HLA‐A11 or ‐A33 allele is found in approximately 18% or 10% of the Asian population, respectively, but each of which is a minor allele worldwide, and therefore no clinical trials were previously conducted. To develop a therapeutic peptide vaccine for each of them, we investigated immunological responses of advanced cancer patients with the HLA‐A11+/A11+ (n = 18) or ‐A33+/A33+ (n = 13) allele to personalized peptide vaccine (PPV) regimens. The primary sites of HLA‐A11+/A11+ or ‐A33+/A33+ patients were the colon (n = 4 or 2), stomach (2 or 3), breast (3 or 2), lung and pancreas (2 or 2), and so on. For PPV, a maximum of four peptides were selected from nine different peptides capable of binding to HLA‐A11 and ‐A33 molecules based on the pre‐existing peptide‐specific IgG responses. There were no severe adverse events related to PPV. At the end of the first cycle, peptide‐specific CTL responses were augmented in 4/12 or 2/9 of HLA‐A11+/A11+ or ‐A33+/A33+ patients, while peptide‐specific IgG responses were augmented in 6/14 or 4/10 patients, respectively. Clinical responses consisted of four stable diseases and 14 progressive diseases in HLA‐A11+/A11+patients, versus seven and six in ‐A33+/A33+patients, respectively. Further clinical study of PPV could be recommended because of the safety and positive immunological responses.
Child and Parenting Outcomes After 1 Year of Educare
Authors: Yazejian Noreen , Bryant Donna M. , Hans Sydney , Horm Diane , St. Clair Lisa , File Nancy , Burchinal Margaret 
Published: February 2017

Educare is a birth to age 5 early education program designed to reduce the achievement gap between children from low‐income families and their more economically advantaged peers through high‐quality center‐based programming and strong school–family partnerships. This study randomly assigned 239 children (< 19 months) from low‐income families to Educare or a business‐as‐usual control group. Assessments tracked children 1 year after randomization. Results revealed significant differences favoring treatment group children on auditory and expressive language skills, parent‐reported problem behaviors, and positive parent–child interactions. Effect sizes were in the modest to medium range. No effects were evident for observer‐rated child behaviors or parent‐rated social competence. The overall results add to the evidence that intervening early can set low‐income children on more positive developmental courses.
Achievement Emotions and Academic Performance: Longitudinal Models of Reciprocal Effects
Authors: Pekrun Reinhard , Lichtenfeld Stephanie , Marsh Herbert W. , Murayama Kou , Goetz Thomas 
Published: February 2017

A reciprocal effects model linking emotion and achievement over time is proposed. The model was tested using five annual waves of the Project for the Analysis of Learning and Achievement in Mathematics (PALMA) longitudinal study, which investigated adolescents’ development in mathematics (Grades 5–9; N = 3,425 German students; mean starting age = 11.7 years; representative sample). Structural equation modeling showed that positive emotions (enjoyment, pride) positively predicted subsequent achievement (math end‐of‐the‐year grades and test scores), and that achievement positively predicted these emotions, controlling for students’ gender, intelligence, and family socioeconomic status. Negative emotions (anger, anxiety, shame, boredom, hopelessness) negatively predicted achievement, and achievement negatively predicted these emotions. The findings were robust across waves, achievement indicators, and school tracks, highlighting the importance of emotions for students’ achievement and of achievement for the development of emotions.
Intralesional anti‐CD20 antibody for low‐grade primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma: Adverse reactions correlate with favorable clinical outcome
Authors: Eberle Franziska C. , Holstein Julia , Scheu Alexander , Fend Falko , Yazdi Amir S. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackground and ObjectivesIntralesional injection of anti‐CD20 antibody (rituximab) has been described as effective therapeutic option for patients with indolent primary cutaneous B‐cell lymphoma (PCBL). To date, no parameters that reproducibly predict favorable clinical outcome of this treatment have been identified. The study aims to evaluate the clinical response and adverse effects as well as patients’ self‐perception of intralesional injection of anti‐CD20 antibody for treatment of indolent PCBL compared to other treatment modalities.Patients and MethodsEleven patients with PCBL, namely primary cutaneous follicle center lymphoma (n = 9) and primary cutaneous marginal zone lymphoma (n = 2), treated with intralesional anti‐CD20 antibody were retrospectively evaluated for response rate and adverse events as well as their self‐perception of anti‐CD20 antibody therapy and other therapies of PCBL.ResultsPatients treated with intralesional anti‐CD20 antibody for PCBL showed complete response or partial response in 45 % or 27 % of patients, respectively. Particularly, patients with marked flu‐like symptoms after intralesional injection of rituximab responded very well to rituximab. The majority of patients considered rituximab as best therapy compared to other therapies such as excision or radiotherapy.ConclusionsIntralesional rituximab is an effective therapy with high patient satisfaction. Strong therapy induced side effects of fever, chills and headache after administration of rituximab might be used as indicator for favorable response.
Donor withdrawal and local civil society organizations: An analysis of the HIV/AIDS sector in Vietnam
Authors: Pallas Christopher L. , Nguyen Lan 
Published: February 2017

AbstractThe impact of international donor arrival on local civil society organizations (CSOs) is well researched. Less well understood is how local CSOs react and adapt to donor withdrawal. This article explores this phenomenon in the context of the HIV/AIDS sector in Vietnam. Using data from government, donor and CSO sources in Vietnam, it examines how current and planned cuts in donor funding, including donor exit, impact local CSO agency and effectiveness. It finds that while donor withdrawal may reduce CSO capacity and independence, it can also prompt local innovations that—if successful—may improve CSOs’ responsiveness to local stakeholders.
Application of pediatric appropriate use criteria for initial outpatient evaluation of syncope
Authors: Phelps Heather M. , Kelleman Michael S. , McCracken Courtney E. , Benavidez Oscar J. , Campbell Robert M. , Douglas Pamela S. , Eidem Benjamin W. , Lai Wyman W. , Lopez Leo , Stern Kenan W. D. , Welch Elizabeth , Sachdeva Ritu 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundSyncope is a common reason for outpatient transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). We studied the applicability of pediatric appropriate use criteria (AUC) on initial outpatient evaluation of children (≤18 years) with syncope.MethodsData were obtained before (Phase I, April–September 2014) and after (Phase II, January‐April 2015) the release of the AUC document from six participating pediatric cardiology centers. Site investigators determined the indication for TTE and assigned appropriateness rating based on the AUC document: Appropriate (A), May Be Appropriate (M), Rarely Appropriate (R), or “unclassifiable” (U) if it did not fit any scenario in the AUC document.ResultsOf the total 4562 TTEs, 310 (6.8%) were performed for syncope: 174/2655 (6.6%) Phase I and 136/1907 (7.1%) Phase II, P=.44. Overall, 168 (50.5%) were for indications rated A, 63 (18.9%) for M, 79 (23.7%) for R, and 23 (6.9%) for U. Release of AUC did not change the appropriateness of TTEs [A=51.6% vs 49.0%, P=.63, R=20.2% vs 28.3%, P=.09]. Overall syncope‐related R indications formed 15.7% of R indications for all the echocardiograms performed in the entire Pediatric Appropriate Use (PAUSE) study (11.9% Phase I and 22.4% Phase II, P=.002). TTEs were normal in majority of the patients except 7 that had incidental findings.ConclusionsIn conclusion, syncope is a common reason for indications rated R and release of the AUC document did not improve appropriate utilization of TTE in syncope. Targeted educational interventions are needed to reduce unnecessary TTEs in children with syncope.
Methionine 35 sulphoxide reduces toxicity of Aβ in red blood cell
Authors: Carelli‐Alinovi Cristiana , Misiti Francesco 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackgroundThe oxidation of methionine residue in position 35 of Ab to sulphoxide (Ab‐sulphoxide) has the ability to deeply modify wild‐type Ab 1–42 (Ab) neurotoxic action. Our previous studies suggest that in nucleated cells, lower toxicity of Ab‐sulphoxide might result not from structural alteration, but from elevation of methionine sulphoxide reductase A (MsrA) activity and mRNA levels.DesignOn this basis, we hypothesised that red blood cell (RBC), a cell devoid almost completely of MsrA activity, shares with nucleated cells an antioxidant system induced by methionine 35 sulphoxide, responsible for the lower toxicity of Ab‐sulphoxide in RBC. (Results) Supporting this hypothesis, we found that the low toxicity of Ab‐sulphoxide in RBC correlated with pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) flux increase, and this event was associated with a low level of methionine oxidation in total proteins. None of these effects were observed when cells were exposed to Ab native.DiscussionThese results outline the importance of the redox state of methionine 35 in the modulation of Ab‐mediated events and suggest an important protective role for PPP in RBC of patients affected by Alzheimer's disease.
A retrospective study of isolated fractures of the alveolar process in the permanent dentition
Authors: Marotti Maja , Ebeleseder Kurt Alois , Schwantzer Gerold , Jauk Stefanie 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground/AimThere is a lack of studies of fractures of the alveolar process (FAP). Only five were published in the last 50 years. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of pulp necrosis and infection (PN), pulp canal obliteration (PCO), infection‐related root resorption (IRR), ankylosis‐related resorption (ARR), marginal bone loss (MBL), and tooth loss (TL) as well as to identify the possible risk factors for teeth involved in an isolated alveolar process fracture. In the second part, any late complications of the involved teeth were reported in patients who responded to a follow‐up examination.Material and methodThis study was a retrospective analysis of 126 patients with 329 traumatized permanent teeth treated in a regional dental trauma clinic. Follow‐up examination was performed on 31 (24.6%) patients with 75 (22.8%) teeth. The risks of PN, PCO, RR, MBL, and TL were analyzed using the Kaplan‐Meier method. Possible risk factors for PN (stage of root development, fracture position in relation to the root apex, concomitant injury, treatment delay, and antibiotics) were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression and generalized estimating equation. The level of significance was 5%.ResultsPulp necrosis was observed in 43% of the teeth, and it was significantly associated with the presence of a concomitant injury and complete root formation. PCO was recorded in 2.8%, root resorption (RR, IRR, and ARR) in 4%, MBL in 8%, and TL in 0.6% of the teeth. Thirty‐four percent of the teeth were assumed to have normal pulps, but they did not respond to pulp sensibility testing. At the follow‐up examination, PN was found in 49%, PCO in 28%, RR (IRR and ARR) in 4%, MBL in 17%, and TL in 5%. Estimated risk after a 5‐years follow up was as follows: PN: 48.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 42.0‐54.5), IRR: 7.2 (95% CI: 3.5‐10.9), ARR: 33.0% (95% CI: 22.4‐43.6), BL: 16.7% (95% CI: 9.6‐23.8), TL: 4.0% (95% CI: 0.0‐8.5). The following factors significantly increased the risk of PN: mature root development (hazard ratio [HR]: 7.50 [95% CI: 1.84‐30.64], P=.005) and concomitant injury (HR: 2.68 [95% CI: 1.76‐4.09], P<.001). In a logistic regression model, teeth with mature roots had a threefold risk of becoming non‐responsive to pulp testing.ConclusionTeeth involved in an isolated alveolar process fracture and managed with a conservative treatment approach appear to have a good prognosis. The most common complication was PN which did not negatively affect the survival of the teeth after root canal treatment.
Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures. A 20‐year review
Authors: Monnazzi Marcelo S. , Gabrielli Marisa A. C. , Gabrielli Mário F. R. , Trivellato Alexandre E. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractBackground/AimThe condylar fracture is among the most frequent facial fractures. Despite all the published studies, its treatment remains controversial. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the epidemiology and complications of mandibular condyle fractures managed by surgical and conservative treatments, over a period of twenty years.Material and MethodsThe files of 262 patients with 318 condyle fractures were included in this study. One hundred and seven patients had conservative management, and 155 had surgical management for the condylar fractures. The outcomes were assessed by reviewing the patient's clinical records.ResultsThe prevalence was higher in males and most patients were Caucasians in the third decade of life. The mean age was 30.17 years old. The main causes were motorcycle accidents followed by bike accidents, and the mean follow‐up time was 226.5 days. The number of complications found in the two modalities of treatment was low and similar.ConclusionBoth treatments achieved their goals. There was no statistical difference in the complication rate between the two groups.
Modelling of the spread of Dothistroma septosporum in Europe
Authors: Möykkynen T. , Fraser S. , Woodward S. , Brown A. , Pukkala T. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryDothistroma needle blight (DNB), a disease affecting several pine species, is currently generating great concern in Europe. Caused by Dothistroma pini and Dothistroma septosporum, DNB affects pine needles and causes premature defoliation, which results in growth reduction and, in extreme cases, mortality. The disease has increased in importance in Europe over the last 20 years, with an increase in the number of observations of DNB in regions with large areas of Pinus sylvestris in northern Europe. This article presents a cell‐based spatiotemporal model for predicting the likelihood and intensity of the future spread of D. septosporum in Europe. Here, “spread” includes both invasion of new regions and infection of healthy stands within already‐colonized regions. Predicted spread depends on the availability of host species, climatic suitability of different regions to D. septosporum and dispersal of sexual and asexual spores from infected trees to surrounding forests via water splash, mist and wind. Long‐distance spread through transport of infected seedlings is also included in the model. Simulations of spread until 2007 and 2015 were used to validate the model. These simulations produced similar patterns of spread to those observed in Europe. Simulations for 2030 suggested that additional and new outbreaks are likely to occur in Scotland, southern Norway, southern and central Sweden, northern parts of Germany and Poland, Estonia, Latvia and south‐west Finland. Preventing the delivery of infected seedlings would be an effective method for reducing the spread of D. septosporum in the Nordic countries, Scotland and Ireland, the Baltic countries, and parts of Germany, Poland and Belarus. In these states, prevention of transport of infected seedlings can reduce the probability of additional spread by 15%–40%.
Genetic diversity of pine‐parasitic nematodes Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus mucronatus in China
Authors: Zhou L. F. , Chen F. M. , Xie L. Y. , Pan H. Y. , Ye J. R. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryThe internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of rDNA have been routinely employed for identification and phylogenetic analysis of many nematode species. In this study, the intra‐ and interspecies ITS genetic diversity of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and Bursaphelenchus mucronatus was evaluated. Ninety‐one isolates of the two nematode species collected from 14 Chinese provinces, Japan and Korea were used for ITS‐PCR and sequencing. An unweighted pair group cluster analysis dendrogram clustered them as two B. mucronatus and one B. xylophilus independent clades. Principal component analysis showed the phylogenetic relationship of the two nematode species more clearly; B. mucronatus isolates were separated into more than four groups, whereas B. xylophilus isolates still clustered into a group. The results of the Mantel test indicated the correlation of genetic distance matrices and geographic distance matrices was significant for both nematode species. The genetic differentiation coefficient (Gst) and gene flow (Nm) of B. mucronatus were 0.341 and 1.091, respectively, suggesting the importance of landscape heterogeneity and considerable obstacles for genetic exchange among B. mucronatus isolates in China. However, Gst and Nm of B. xylophilus were 0.188 and 2.151, respectively, very different compared to B. mucronatus. This could be owing to the short‐term introduction of B. xylophilus into China and a rapid spread through anthropogenic pathways. Our work adds to the understanding of the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of the two pine‐parasitic nematode species, and will aid in controlling them in the future.