bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resolución colaborativa de problemas lógicos en condiciones de simetría y asimetría cognitiva
Authors: Castellaro Mariano , Roselli Néstor 
Published: January 2018

<p>Se estudió la interacción verbal colaborativa en díadas simétricas y asimétricas desde el punto de vista de la competencia cognitiva específica individual. La interacción fue analizada tanto en sus aspectos cognitivos como no-cognitivos. Participaron 19 díadas (38 sujetos) de quinto y sexto grado de escolaridad primaria. En una primera fase los sujetos resolvieron individualmente una serie de problemas lógicos, con el fin de determinar el nivel de competencia inicial. En función de los resultados, se conformaron díadas simétricas (ambos sujetos de baja competencia) y asimétricas (un sujeto de baja competencia con un sujeto de alta competencia), las cuales, en una segunda fase, resolvieron colaborativamente una serie equivalente de problemas. La interacción colaborativa de las díadas se analizó por un sistema categorial de tres niveles inclusivos: (1) si los mensajes eran cognitivos o no-cognitivos; (2) si éstos eran, a su vez, afirmaciones, preguntas o respuestas; (3) si las afirmaciones y respuestas (ambas cognitivas) eran argumentadas o no. Según los resultados generales, la asimetría de competencia epistémica se asoció con un desequilibrio, a favor del sujeto de mayor competencia, en los volúmenes generales de mensajes y de afirmaciones cognitivas, sobre todo argumentadas (no así en el resto de las categorías). En las díadas con simetría de competencia epistémica se observó un intercambio equitativo en todas las categorías. Un análisis complementario, consistente en la identificación de diferenciaciones casuísticas más sutiles relativas a las modalidades de interacción, evidenció tipos diádicos específicos dentro de las tendencias generales señaladas. </p>
Harvesting Fertilized Rye Cover Crop: Simulated Revenue, Net Energy, and Drainage Nitrogen Loss
Authors: Malone R. W. , Obrycki J. F. , Karlen D. L. , Ma L. , Kaspar T. C. , Jaynes D. B. , Parkin T. B. , Lence S. H. , Feyereisen G. W. , Fang Q. X. , Richard T. L. , Gillette K. 
Published: January 2018

Core Ideas
Fertilizing winter rye increased estimated revenue and harvestable biomass.
Fertilizing winter rye increased net energy production.
Harvesting fertilized winter rye reduced simulated drainage N loss.
Rye revenue in response to fertilizer rate plateaued at approximately 120 kg N ha−1.
Field studies are needed to evaluate fertilized/harvested rye cover crop.
Harvesting fertilized rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop has been suggested as a method to increase producer revenue and biofuel feedstock production, but drainage N loss impacts are currently unknown. Using the tested Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) across several N rates, spring application of 120 kg N ha‐1 prior to winter rye harvest reduced drainage N loss by 54% compared with no cover crop and by 18% compared with planted rye that was neither fertilized nor harvested. Estimates of producer revenue and net energy were also positive, with 8.3 Mg ha‐1 of harvested rye biomass. If confirmed by field studies, these results suggest that double‐cropping fertilized rye is a promising strategy to increase producer revenue, increase net energy production, and reduce drainage N loss.
Influence of Vegetation on Long‐term Phosphorus Sequestration in Subtropical Treatment Wetlands
Authors: Bhomia R. K. , Reddy K. R. 
Published: January 2018

Sustainable operation of a treatment wetland depends on its continued treatment of influent water to achieve desired outflow water quality targets. Water treatment or nutrient reduction is attained by a combination of biotic and abiotic processes. We studied one of the world's largest treatment wetlands established to revive the Florida Everglades from impacts of excessive phosphorus (P) inputs. Phosphorus retained in the treatment wetlands is sequestered within the accumulated material via biotic and abiotic pathways that are influenced by the existing wetland vegetation. Recently accreted soils (RAS) provide a major sink for stored P, and long‐term P removal efficiency of treatment wetlands is governed by the stability of accreted P because more stable P pools are less susceptible to mobilization and loss. We quantified reactive P (extracted with acid and alkali) and nonreactive P (not extracted with acid and alkali) pools in wetland soils by using an operationally defined P fractionation scheme and assessed the effect of emergent vs. submerged vegetation communities on stability of sequestered P. Reactive P comprised 63 to 79% of total P in wetland soils without a clear difference between two vegetation groups. The quantities of reactive P forms (inorganic vs. organic P) were significantly different between two vegetation types. A higher proportion of reactive P was stored as organic P in flocculent detrital organic matter (floc) and RAS under emergent vegetation (46–47% total P) in comparison with submerged vegetation (21–34% total P). The dominant P removal pathway in the submerged vegetation system was associated with calcium whereas plant uptake and peat burial appeared to be the main pathway in the emergent vegetation system.Core Ideas
Nutrient reduction in treatment wetlands is attained by biotic and abiotic processes.
Wetland vegetation communities play an important role in P removal pathways.
Recently accreted soil (RAS) serves as the primary sink for retained P.
Proportion of reactive P is higher in RAS than in underlying native soils.
Reducing Arsenic Concentration in Panax notoginseng via Contaminant Immobilization in Soil Using Fe–Ce Oxide
Authors: Lin Longyong , Zhong Lirong , Yan Xiulan , Fei Yang 
Published: January 2018

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen, a valuable Chinese medicine, is currently confronted with arsenic (As) contamination in China due to soil pollution. Our previous research demonstrated that Fe(0) and zeolite had a certain inhibitory effect on As accumulation in P. notoginseng. In order to further reduce As accumulation in the plant, a synthetic iron material (Fe–Ce oxide [FC]) with high As adsorption capacity was tested for As remediation. In the study, after FC was applied to the As‐contaminated soil, Panax notoginseng was planted in the soil. The As leaching behavior of the treated soil and As accumulation in P. notoginseng were evaluated. The results showed that FC immobilized As more effectively than Fe(0) and zeolite in soils with high As concentrations. When the FC dosage was 0.5 % (w/w), As concentration of P. notoginseng root (the main medicinal part) decreased by 56%, and root biomass increased by 55%. Results indicated FC could reduce the non‐specifically adsorbed As fraction (F1) and specifically adsorbed As fraction (F2) by 22 to 31% and 5 to 17%, respectively, thus reducing the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure leachable As concentration by 41 to 67%. The finding of an iron plaque coating on the plant root and its function as a barrier to As uptake by P. notoginseng is reported here for the first time. The occurrence of iron plaque led to a reduction in As concentration in the phellem and xylem–phloem by 66 to 80% and 43 to 70%, respectively. Our findings will help in developing As contamination control in areas where P. notoginseng is planted and set a foundation for a FC‐based As immobilization technology.Core Ideas
Application of Fe–Ce oxide could guarantee Panax notoginseng growth and reduce its As uptake.
Fe–Ce oxide could immobilize more available As in soil to reduce the amount of plant‐absorbable As.
Iron plaque on the root was an important barrier for As uptake by Panax notoginseng.
Durable effect of As immobilization by Fe–Ce oxide was better than previous reported amendments.
Modeling open channel flow resistance with dune bedform via heuristic and nonlinear approaches
Authors: Roushangar Kiyoumars , Alami Mohammad Taghi , Saghebian Seyed Mahdi 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
Flow resistance in open channels with dune bedform is a substantial issue due to the influence of dunes on the hydraulic roughness, which can affect the performance of hydraulic constructions. There are a number of nonlinear approaches that have been developed to predict the roughness coefficient in alluvial channels, such as developed equations based on the mean velocity or shear stresses. However, due to the multitude of factors influencing roughness, establishing an accurate determination of the roughness coefficient is difficult. This study applies gene expression programing (GEP) and nonlinear approaches to predict the Manning's coefficient in dune bedform channels. Four different experimental data series were used for modeling. In order to develop the models, three scenarios with different input combinations were considered: scenario 1 considers only flow characteristics, scenario 2 considers flow and bedform characteristics, and scenario 3 considers flow and sediment characteristics. The results proved that GEP is capable of predicting the Manning's coefficient. It was found that for estimation of the roughness coefficient in dune bedform channels, scenario 3 performed more successfully than others. Sensitivity analysis showed that the Reynolds number plays a key role in the modeling process. Comparisons between GEP models and existing equations indicated that GEP models yield better results.
Pharmaceuticals in processing of municipal sewage sludge studied by grab and passive sampling
Authors: Lindholm-Lehto Petra C. , Ahkola Heidi S. J. , Knuutinen Juha S. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractConcentrations of pharmaceuticals, consisting of four anti-inflammatory and one antiepileptic drug, were studied in the aqueous and solid phase of municipal sewage sludge, collected from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in central Finland. The samples included untreated municipal sludge from the biological wastewater treatment, digested sludge and sludge before and after composting. First, samples were taken as grab samples to study the bioavailable part in aqueous phase but also the part in solid fraction. Later, the long-term concentrations were studied by passive sampling with styrene divinylbenzene-reverse phase sulfonated (SDB-RPS) disks. In the untreated solid sludge, the concentrations of carbamazepine, diclofenac, ibuprofen, ketoprofen, and naproxen were 0.5 ng g−1, 26 ng g−1, 29 ng g−1, 250 ng g−1, and 13 ng g−1, while in liquid phase they were 5.6 ng L−1, 200 ng L−1, 210 ng L−1, 35 ng L−1, and 55 ng L−1, respectively. Concentrations decreased with the treatment steps but substantial amounts still occured even after the final stage. The results show that current sludge treatment cannot fully remove pharmaceuticals, leaving varying concentrations after each stage. Additionally, the results suggest that SDB-RPS disks are suitable for sampling and quantification of the bioavailable fraction of pharmaceuticals in municipal sludge.
Rainwater harvesting as an alternative for water supply in regions with high water stress
Authors: Zavala Miguel Ángel López , Prieto Mónica José Cruz , Rojas Cristina Alejandra Rojas 
Published: January 2018

Abstract
In this study, the reliability of using rainwater harvesting to cover the water demand of a transportation logistics company located in Mexico City was assessed. Water consumption in facilities and buildings of the company was determined. Rainwater potentially harvestable from the roofs and maneuvering yard of the company was estimated based on a statistical analysis of the rainfall. Based on these data, potential water saving was determined. Characterization of rainwater was carried out to determine the treatment necessities for each water source. Additionally, the capacity of water storage tanks was estimated. For the selected treatment systems, an economic assessment was conducted to determine the viability of the alternative proposed. Results showed that current water demand of the company can be totally covered by using rainwater. The scenario where roof and maneuvering yard rainwater was collected and treated together resulted in being more economic than the scenarios where roof and maneuvering yard rainwater was collected and treated separately. Implementation of the rainwater harvesting system will generate important economic benefits for the company. The investment will be amortized in only 5 years and the NPV will be on the order of US$ 5,048.3, the IRR of 5.7%, and the B/I of 1.9.
A Preliminary Study on the Physical Properties of an Alternative Coarse Aggregate Made with Red Soil and Fly Ash
Authors: Winsley J. Bright Brabin , Muthukannan M. 
Published: January 2018

Background and Objective:
The demand for course aggregate is increasing every day. Natural aggregate used for ordinary concrete is obtained by quarrying, which cause serious environmental issues. An alternate course aggregate is needed for sustainable development. The objective of this research is to produce an alternative course aggregate in combination with soil available locally near site along with fly ash, to test its properties to make it fit for concrete.

Method:
An alternative coarse aggregate is produced from red soil and fly ash mixed at various ratios, 100:0, 90:10, 80:20, 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, fresh aggregate granules of different sizes less than 10mm is prepared using hand press, the aggregates were sundried in shade for 24hours, oven dried at 110°C, burned in Muffle furnace at temperature of 950°C and cooled gradually to reach room temperature. After the production, the specific gravity, bulk density, water absorption, Impact and aggregate crushing of the aggregates were tested.

Result:
Test results showed that aggregates produced are of lesser specific gravity, density with relatively appreciable impact value and crushing value.

Conclusion:
The test results show that the aggregates produced can be used in construction as replacement for natural aggregates.
Sociodemographic Characteristics Of The Over-The-Counter Drug Users In Serbia
Authors: Natasa Mihailovic , Radovanovic Snezana , Vasiljevic Dragan , Kocic Sanja , Jakovljevic Mihajlo 
Published: January 2018

Background:The analysis of socio-demographic factors on the use of over-the-counter drugs for self-medication and over the counter drugs such as vitamins and minerals for boosting the immune system.Objective:The objective is to look into socio-demographic factors of the interviewees who use Over-the-Counter drugs.Methods:Data obtained through the results of the National health survey of the Republic of Serbia 2013. Dependent variable was transformed such a way that vitamins and herbal medicaments for strengthening the body were merged into one group preparations for boosting the immune system and drugs for self-treatment into the group preparations for self-medication.Results:The interviewees more often use OTC for boosting the immune system rather that OTC for self-medication. Women and highly educated people use OTC preparations more often. Unemployed people coming from rural areas use OTC preparations less often. People who have primary education buy OTC products for boosting the immune system significantly more often in comparison to highly educated people (OR = 3.95), but they use OTC drugs for self-medication less frequently (OR = 0.25). The poorest interviewees buy OTC drugs for self-medication twice times less often than the rich, respectively, but they buy OTC vitamins and other immunoregulators 1.4 times more often than the rich, respectively.Conclusion:Highly educated, rich and people coming from developed regions very often buy OTC drugs for self-medication, while poor, less educated people coming from undeveloped regions more often buy OTC preparations for boosting the immune system.
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN PENGELOLA OBAT TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN OBAT DI PUSKESMAS
Authors: Aryani Alyxia Fatma , Kusuma Anjar Mahardian , Galistiani Githa Fungie 
Published: January 2018

Pada tahun 2011 di seluruh puskesmas di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa hanya 17,5% puskesmas di Indonesia yang memiliki apoteker dan ada sekitar 32,2% puskesmas yang tidak memiliki tenaga kefarmasian sama sekali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan pengelola unit farmasi di puskesmas, mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan obat yang dilakukan oleh pengelola unit farmasi yang ada di puskesmas, mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan pengelola unit farmasi dengan kemampuannya mengelola obat di puskesmas.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional. Kuisioner digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat pengetahuan dan daftar ceklis untuk mengukur pengelolaan obat. Peneliti melakukan Penelitian di Puskesmas Kabupaten Banyumas dengan jumlah responden 37 responden. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji statstik spearman rank. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai p value sebesar 0,031 yang menunjukkan ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan pengelola unit farmasi terhadap pengelolaan obat di Puskesmas Kabupaten Banyumas. Nilai Coefficient Correlation 0,355 yang menunjukkan kekuatan dan arah penelitian yang bersifat searah yang jika tingkat pengetahuan tinggi maka pengelolaan obat akan tinggi pula.
EVALUASI TERAPI ADJUVAN DAN KEJADIAN RELAPS PADA PASIEN PREMENOPAUSAL EARLY BREAST CANCER DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO YOGYAKARTA
Authors: Rukminingsih Fef , Andayani Tri Murti , Rahmawati Fita , Widayati Kartika 
Published: January 2018

Terapi adjuvan pada pasien early breast cancer (EBC) bertujuan untuk meningkatkan disease free survival, menurunkan risiko relaps dan menurunkan angka kematian. Tetapi pada kenyataannya masih sering dijumpai, pasien EBC yang telah mendapat terapi adjuvan mengalami relaps. Kejadian relaps sering dihubungkan dengan meningkatnya risiko kematian tanpa memperhatikan jenis pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui angka kejadian relaps pada pasien premenopausal EBC yang telah mendapatkan terapi adjuvan di RSUP dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif observasional dengan desain cross sectional study menggunakan data retrospektif yang diperoleh dari data rekam medik pasien premenopausal EBC di Poliklinik Kanker Terpadu “Tulip” RSUP dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta yang telah mengalami tindakan pembedahan pada tahun 2010-2013, bersifat hormon responsif dan HER-2 negatif, mendapatkan terapi adjuvan, perempuan dengan umur 18-60 tahun dan riwayat pemeriksaan sampai bulan Desember 2016. Pasien akan di eksklusi bila mempunyai penyakit penyerta. Dari 30 pasien diketahui sebanyak 46,67% berumur 41-50 tahun, sebanyak 63,33% menunjukkan ekspresi ER-PR positif, sebanyak 93,34% merupakan invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Semua pasien mendapatkan terapi adjuvan kemoterapi menggunakan regimen kombinasi dan semua pasien mendapatkan terapi endokrin berupa tamoksifen. Relaps terjadi pada 11 pasien (36,67%) dan kejadian relaps paling banyak adalah metastasis tulang yaitu pada 8 pasien (26,67%).
The Expected Rate of Credit Losses on Banks' Loan Portfolios
Authors: Harris Trevor S. , Khan Urooj , Nissim Doron 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Estimating expected credit losses on banks' portfolios is difficult. The issue has become of increasing interest to academics and regulators with the FASB and IASB issuing new regulations for loan impairment. We develop a measure of the one-year-ahead expected rate of credit losses (ExpectedRCL) that combines various measures of credit risk disclosed by banks. It uses cross-sectional analyses to obtain coefficients for estimating each period's measure of expected credit losses. ExpectedRCL substantially outperforms net charge-offs in predicting one-year-ahead realized credit losses, and reflects nearly all the credit loss-related information in the charge-offs. ExpectedRCL also contains incremental information about one-year-ahead realized credit losses relative to the allowance and provision for loan losses and the fair value of loans. It is a better predictor of the provision for loan losses than analyst provision forecasts, and is incrementally useful beyond other credit risk metrics in predicting bank failure up to one year ahead.
Creditor Influence and CEO Compensation: Evidence from Debt Covenant Violations
Authors: Balsam Steven , Gu Yuqi , Mao Connie X. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Debt covenant violation alters firm dynamics, providing creditors with the right to demand repayment, and via that right, influence firm actions. We provide evidence consistent with creditors employing that channel to influence CEO compensation. Using regression discontinuity analysis, we show that in the year after a covenant violation, after controlling for other factors, CEO compensation is 8.5 percent lower and the CEO's compensation package contains fewer risk-taking incentives, as the vega associated with newly granted options is 26 percent lower. These changes are more pronounced when the creditor has greater influence, such as when the borrower and creditor have a prior lending relationship, the creditor is a highly reputable bank, or when the borrower is financially weaker. We also find that CEOs' risk-taking incentives decrease with the number of debt covenants; in particular, the number of performance debt covenants being breached.
JEL Classifications: G21; G34.
Management Disclosures of Going Concern Uncertainties: The Case of Initial Public Offerings
Authors: Bochkay Khrystyna , Chychyla Roman , Sankaraguruswamy Srini , Willenborg Michael 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
We study the information content and determinants associated with voluntary management disclosures of going concern (GC) uncertainties by IPO issuers. In terms of information content, we examine IPO price revision and initial return and find robust support that management GC disclosures are associated with downward revisions in the IPO offer price and, upon considering the mediating effects of the price revision, also associated with lower initial returns. In terms of determinants, and after controlling for other factors (e.g., issuer distress, start-up status, size, cash burn), we find that the presence of a management GC disclosure is negatively associated with a proxy for issuer financial incentives to withhold “bad news” and positively associated with the extent of risk factors disclosure. Overall, our results provide support for the information content of voluntary management disclosures of GC uncertainties by IPO issuers, the presence of which is associated with agency and risk motivations.
JEL Classifications: G24; G32; M13; M41.
Do Auditors Recognize the Potential Dark Side of Executives' Accounting Competence?
Authors: Albrecht Anne , Mauldin Elaine G. , Newton Nathan J. 
Published: January 2018

ABSTRACT
Practice and research recognize the importance of extensive knowledge of accounting and financial reporting experience for generating reliable financial statements. However, we consider the possibility that such knowledge and experience increase the likelihood of material misstatement when executives have incentives to misreport. We use executives' prior experience as an audit manager or partner as a measure of extensive accounting and financial reporting competence. We find that the interaction of this measure and compensation-based incentives increases the likelihood of misstatements. Further, auditors discount the audit fee premium associated with compensation-based incentives when executives have accounting competence. Together, our results suggest that a dark side of accounting competence emerges in the presence of certain incentives, but auditors view accounting competence favorably despite the heightened risk. In further analyses, we demonstrate that executives' aggressive attitude toward reporting exacerbates the effect of accounting competence and compensation-based incentives on misstatements, but not on audit fees.
JEL Classifications: M41; M42.
Data Availability: Data are available from public sources identified in the text.