bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Second Law Analysis of Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer Past a Nonlinearly Stretching Permeable Wedge with Temperature Jump and Chemical Reaction
Authors: Dalir Nemat 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Second law analysis (entropy generation) for the steady two-dimensional laminar forced convection flow, heat and mass transfer of an incompressible viscous fluid past a nonlinearly stretching porous (permeable) wedge is numerically studied. The effects of viscous dissipation, temperature jump, and first-order chemical reaction on the flow over the wedge are also considered. The governing boundary layer equations for mass, momentum, energy and concentration are transformed using suitable similarity transformations to three nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs). Then, the ODEs are solved by using a Keller’s box algorithm. The effects of various controlling parameters such as wedge angle parameter, velocity ratio parameter, suction/injection parameter, Prandtl number, Eckert number, temperature jump parameter, Schmidt number, and reaction rate parameter on dimensionless velocity, temperature, concentration, entropy generation number, and Bejan number are shown in graphs and analyzed. The results reveal that the entropy generation number increases with the increase of wedge angle parameter, while it decreases with the increase of velocity ratio parameter. Also, in order to validate the obtained numerical results of the present work, comparisons are made with the available results in the literature as special cases, and the results are found to be in a very good agreement.
Residual Stress State in Single-Edge Notched Tension Specimen Caused by the Local Compression Technique
Authors: Huang Yifan , Zhou Wenxing 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) finite element analyses (FEA) are performed to simulate the local compression (LC) technique on the clamped single-edge notched tension (SE(T)) specimens. The analysis includes three types of indenters, which are single pair of cylinder indenters (SPCI), double pairs of cylinder indenters (DPCI) and single pair of ring indenters (SPRI). The distribution of the residual stress in the crack opening direction in the uncracked ligament of the specimen is evaluated. The outcome of this study can facilitate the use of LC technique on SE(T) specimens.
Noble metal nanoparticles in biosensors: recent studies and applications
Authors: Malekzad Hedieh , Sahandi Zangabad Parham , Mirshekari Hamed , Karimi Mahdi , Hamblin Michael R. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe aim of this review is to cover advances in noble metal nanoparticle (MNP)-based biosensors and to outline the principles and main functions of MNPs in different classes of biosensors according to the transduction methods employed. The important biorecognition elements are enzymes, antibodies, aptamers, DNA sequences, and whole cells. The main readouts are electrochemical (amperometric and voltametric), optical (surface plasmon resonance, colorimetric, chemiluminescence, photoelectrochemical, etc.) and piezoelectric. MNPs have received attention for applications in biosensing due to their fascinating properties. These properties include a large surface area that enhances biorecognizers and receptor immobilization, good ability for reaction catalysis and electron transfer, and good biocompatibility. MNPs can be used alone and in combination with other classes of nanostructures. MNP-based sensors can lead to significant signal amplification, higher sensitivity, and great improvements in the detection and quantification of biomolecules and different ions. Some recent examples of biomolecular sensors using MNPs are given, and the effects of structure, shape, and other physical properties of noble MNPs and nanohybrids in biosensor performance are discussed.
Effect of two Backpack Designs on Cop Displacement and Plantar Force Distribution in Children during Upright Stance
Authors: Mastalerz Andrzej , Niźnikowski Tomasz , Buszta Mariusz , Różański Paweł , Wiśniowski Paweł , Sadowski Jerzy 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction. Many studies have compared different backpack designs and their influence on the carrier; however, no data referring to school students aged 7-8 years are currently available. Therefore, the aim of the research was to assess the influence of backpack design on centre of pressure (COP) displacement and plantar force distribution in children during an upright stance. Material and methods. Nineteen school students (9 males and 10 females) volunteered for the study. Two Polish backpacks intended for school use were evaluated: backpack A, which had two main compartments, and backpack B, which had one main compartment. The backpack load was composed of books, binders, and regular school equipment. During the measurements, the subjects were asked to look ahead with the head straight and arms at the sides in a comfortable position and to stand barefoot on the F-Scan® sensors (Tekscan, F-Scan®) attached to the force platform (Kistler), carrying a load corresponding to 10% of their body mass. Results. The study found insignificant differences between the two backpack designs. Moreover, COP parameters increased significantly during an upright stance while carrying backpack B in comparison to the empty backpack condition. Additionally, we observed significantly higher values of plantar force distribution in the heel region for the condition without load and insignificantly higher ones for carrying backpack A. Conclusions. The results of the current study suggest that the differences between the two backpack designs are too marginal to be detected through COP displacement. Disturbances in plantar force distribution suggest a lack of posture control and a lower stability of the standing position with a backpack, but these disturbances were significant only when the backpack with one main compartment was used.
Relationship between Muscle Torque and Performance in Special and Specific Exercises in Young Weightlifters
Authors: Szyszka Paulina , Jaszczuk Janusz , Sacharuk Jarosław , Parnicki Florian , Czaplicki Adam 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Introduction. The aim of the current study was to examine the relationship between knee and elbow isometric muscle torque values and the results obtained in special and specific exercises in young weightlifters. Material and methods. The study involved eight young weightlifters (age: 19.9 ± 4.3 years; height: 176.8 ± 10.6 cm; weight: 69.0 ± 19.7 kg - pretest, 70.9 ± 21.6 - posttest). Their performance put them in the second and third top classes of weightlifters their age according to the Polish norms for weightlifting (the so-called ‘national class’ and ‘first class’ in the Polish system, which are lower than the ‘international class’). The differences between the values obtained in the first measurement of torque performed at the beginning of the preparation period and those obtained at the beginning of the immediate pre-competition period were compared with the differences in the maximal load lifted in special and specific exercises. Results. The training that the weightlifters underwent during the preparation period caused a significant increase in the relative torque values of the knee extensors (0.56 Nm/kg on average, p ≤ 0.047) and those of the elbow flexors (0.35 Nm/kg, p ≤ 0.0002). Significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) were observed between the results obtained in all of the special and specific exercises examined. A statistically significant relationship was also found between the changes in relative torque values and the results achieved in special and specific exercises. Conclusions. The regression equations derived in the study can help predict sports performance outcomes based on the results of laboratory tests.
Bioelectrochemistry of nucleic acids for early cancer diagnostics – analysis of DNA methylation and detection of microRNAs
Authors: Bartosik Martin , Hrstka Roman 
Published: December 2016

AbstractDysregulation of gene expression mechanisms has been observed in many tumors, making their analysis of utmost importance. These mechanisms include DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism in which 5-carbon of cytosine becomes methylated, leading to gene silencing, and action of short RNA molecules called microRNAs, which regulate protein synthesis at post-transcriptional level by binding to mRNAs. In this review, we describe major roles of both mechanisms in carcinogenesis, offer an overview of currently used methods for their analysis, and summarize most recent advances in electrochemical-based assays and strategies. Advantages of electrochemistry, including favorable cost, time of experiment, or simple instrumentation, are highlighted, along with current challenges that need to be addressed prior to successful application into clinical routine.
Hydrodynamic cavitation: an emerging technology for the intensification of various chemical and physical processes in a chemical process industry
Authors: Carpenter Jitendra , Badve Mandar , Rajoriya Sunil , George Suja , Saharan Virendra Kumar , Pandit Aniruddha B. 
Published: December 2016

AbstractHydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been explored by many researchers over the years after the first publication on hydrolysis of fatty oils using HC was published by Pandit and Joshi [Pandit AB, Joshi JB. Hydrolysis of fatty oils: effect of cavitation. Chem Eng Sci 1993; 48: 3440–3442]. Before this publication, most of the studies related to cavitation in hydraulic system were concentrated to avoid the generation of cavities/cavitating conditions. The fundamental concept was to harness the energy released by cavities in a positive way for various chemical and mechanical processes. In HC, cavitation is generated by a combination of flow constriction and pressure-velocity conditions, which are monitored in such a way that cavitating conditions will be reached in a flowing system and thus generate hot spots. It allows the entire process to operate at otherwise ambient conditions of temperature and pressure while generating the cavitating conditions locally. In this review paper, we have explained in detail various cavitating devices and the effect of geometrical and operating parameters that affect the cavitation conditions. The optimization of different cavitating devices is discussed, and some strategies have been suggested for designing these devices for different applications. Also, various applications of HC such as wastewater treatment, preparation of nanoemulsions, biodiesel synthesis, water disinfection, and nanoparticle synthesis were discussed in detail.
Efficiency of Mergers of Mechanical Engineering Companies in the Czech Republic
Authors: Režňáková Mária , Pěta Jan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This paper presents the research results in the field of the efficiency of mergers and acquisitions in the mechanical engineering industry of the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to determine whether mergers taking place in mechanical engineering are successful, or possibly to identify factors which may be deemed as synergies sources. In our research, the success rate of mergers is identified on the basis of the increasing revenues and operating profit. It has been established that out of mergers completed in 2004 - 2011, success has been achieved in approximately half of them. For this reason, we have focused on identifying the factors which may serve as the reasons for such a difference. The selected indicators of the cost-to-revenue ratio and utilization of fixed assets, investments, and net working capital we analysed before and after the mergers in both groups of successful and unsuccessful mergers. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the results. The research results have demonstrated that synergies are not achieved due to the change in the market power of the merged companied but owing to operational efficiency which is reflected in a drop in labour costs and depreciation to revenues ratios and increasing asset utilization.
The Effect of Omega-3 Supplement on Serum Lipid Profile in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Jabbari Mosadegh , Khoshnevis Termeh , Jenabi Aria , Yousefi Fatemeh 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Background. Some recent suggestions could show omega-3 condition deficiency following prolonged hemodialysis; however, these claims and speculations have not been well demonstrated with sufficient evidences. Hence, we attempted to assess the beneficial effects of omega-3 on lipid profile in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis.
Methods. One hundred and seventeen ESRD patients who were on maintenance dialysis in Rasoul-e-Akram and Madaen Hospitals were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. These patients were divided into two groups randomly using block randomization method (57 patients as the case group receiving omega-3 for 12 weeks and 60 as the control group). Blood sample was taken from all patients for measurement of lipid profile, serum hemoglobin, and C-reactive protein at baseline as well as after the completion of interventions (after 12 weeks).
Results. The average change in the value of HDL-C was significantly more in the patients who received omega-3 than in the control group (MD, -7 mg/dL; 95% CI, -11 to 0 p = 0.000). Also, the reduction in serum creatinine level was more in the omega-3 group than in the control group (MD, 0.7 mg/dL; 95% CI, -0.4 to 2.1 p = 0.023). The change in other indices including serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and serum hemoglobin levels was not different between the two groups. The multivariable linear regression analysis showed no difference in serum HDL level between the two groups adjusted for sex, age, and time of dialysis, while the level of serum HDL-C could be adversely predicted by duration time. Similar regression model showed a between-group difference in serum creatinine in the presence of potential confounders.
Conclusion. The change in serum HDL level following use of omega-3 supplement is influenced by time of dialysis, not by drug effect. However, consumption of omega-3 can significantly reduce serum creatinine.
Geological probability calculation of new gas discoveries in wider area of Ivana and Ika Gas Fields, Northern Adriatic, Croatia
Authors: Tomislav Malvić , Josipa Velić , Režić Mate 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
There are eleven reservoirs in Ivana Gas Field and they are composed of Pleistocene sands, silt sands and siltstones, developed in dominant clays and marls depositional sequences. Ika Gas Field is the only field in Adriatic with gas accumulated in carbonate rocks, which are the deepest reservoir of the total four reservoirs. A carbonate reservoir is defined with tectonical and erosional unconformity, which is placed between Mesozoic and Pliocene rocks. The three younger Ika reservoirs are composed of Pleistocene sands, silt sands and siltstones that are laminated into clays and marls. The goal of our study was to assess the ‘Probability Of Success’ (POS) of finding new gas accumulations within the marginal area of those two fields, either in the form of Mesozoic rocks or Pleistocene deposits. The assessment was successfully completed using the Microsoft Excel POS table for the analyzed areas in the Croatian part of the Po Depression, namely, Northern Adriatic. The methodology was derived and adapted from a similar POS calculation, which was originally used to calculate the geological probability of hydrocarbon discoveries in the Croatian part of the Pannonian Basin System (CPBS).
IPOs Performance Analysis: Evidence from Emerging Markets in the Balkans
Authors: Karanović Goran , Karanović Bisera 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the performance of initial public offerings (IPOs) in the emerging markets with particular focus on the markets of Balkan countries. The paper provides analysis of long and short performance of IPOs. In the Balkan emerging markets IPOs are relatively rarely used. Although all observed Balkan countries have gone through processes of transition from planned economies to market economies in the past 25 years, just a few state-owned companies have been privatized by use of IPOs. Due to this specific nature of the companies the analyzed sample of IPOs is comprised of state-owned and non-state-owned companies. The results are interpreted and expounded accordingly, taking into consideration the aforementioned conjunction. The findings indicate that company characteristics, signalling variables and financial variables have influence on the IPOs short and long term performance. The paper provides academia and policymakers with new revelations concerning the IPO processes in Balkan emerging economies’ capital markets.
FSW Numerical Simulation of Aluminium Plates by SYSWELD - Part II
Authors: Jančo Roland , Écsi Ladislav , Élesztős Pavel 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is one of the most effective solid state joining processes and has numerous potential applications in many industries. The simulation process can provide the evolution of physicals quantities such as temperature, metallurgical phase proportions, stress and strain which can be easily measured during welding. The numerical modelling requires the modelling of the complex interaction between thermal, metallurgical and mechanical phenomena. The aim of this paper is to describe the thermal-fluid simulation of FSW using the finite element method. In the theoretical part of paper heating is provided by the material flow and contact condition between the tool and the welded material. Thermal-mechanical results from the numerical simulation using SYSWELD are also presented for aluminium alloy.
CFD Analysis of Downcomer of Nuclear Reactor VVER 440
Authors: Kutiš Vladimír , Jakubec Jakub , Paulech Juraj , Gálik Gálik , Sedlár Tibor 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The paper is focused on CFD analyses of the coolant flow in the nuclear reactor VVER 440. The goal of the analyses is to investigate the influence of the orifice diameter on the mass flow through individual fuel assemblies in the reactor core. The diameter of orifice can be changed during the operation of a nuclear power plant. Considered boundary conditions in the investigated region of the coolant are based on nominal coolant flow conditions in the nuclear reactor VVER 440.
A New Cable-Pulley Algorithm in RFEM
Authors: Štekbauer Hynek , Němec Ivan 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The cable-pulley system is widely used for its advantages. In this paper, application of a new algorithm for the calculation of cables on pulleys is presented. Unlike other algorithms, this algorithm enables to take the magnitude of the radius of each pulley into account. This new algorithm is implemented in the RFEM program because of its higher accuracy and efficiency. Comparison of the commonly used algorithm, which ignores pulley radius, and the new algorithm is presented.
Modelling of Two-Seat Connection to the Frame of Rail Wagon in Terms of Resistance at Impact Test
Authors: Čech Rostislav , Horyl Petr , Maršálek Pavel 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
This contribution explores how design changes can affect resistance of rail wagon seat-to-frame connections at impact test and proposes alternative way to construct such connections. Results were due to a nature of presented problem obtained by computer modelling using MSC Nastran with explicit finite element method solution invoked. Physical tests were also conducted and comparison with numerical results is presented.
Identification of Fatigue Constants by Means of 3D Method
Authors: Ličková Dagmar , Halama Radim , Poruba Zdeněk 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
The conventional method for evaluation of the fatigue constants uses one set of experimental data from strain-controlled uniaxial fatigue tests. However, these constants do not ensure the compatibility conditions. The new 3D method retains the mathematical and physical relationships between curves considered. This paper presents a way of implementation of the identification procedure and shows results obtained for three types of materials.
Bide Nu Æt Gode Þæt Ic Grecisc Cunne: Attitudes to Greek and the Greeks in the Anglo-Saxon Period
Authors: Timofeeva Olga 
Published: December 2016

AbstractThe Greeks were one of those outgroups to whom the Anglo-Saxons had reasons to look up to, because of the antiquity of their culture and the sanctity of their language, along those of the Hebrews and the Romans. Yet as a language Greek was practically unknown for most of the Anglo-Saxon period and contact with its native speakers and country extremely limited. Nevertheless, references to the Greeks and their language are not uncommon in the Anglo-Saxon sources (both Latin and vernacular), as a little less than 200 occurrences in the Dictionary of Old English (s.v. grecisc) testify.This paper uses these data, supplementing them with searches in the Dictionary of Old English Web Corpus, Brepolis Library of Latin Texts - Series A, monumenta.ch and Medieval Latin from Anglo-Saxon Sources, and analyses lexical and syntactic strategies of the Greek outgroup construction in Anglo-Saxon texts. It looks at lexemes denoting ‘Greek’ and their derivatives in Anglo-Latin and Old English, examines their collocates and gleans information on attitudes towards Greek and the Greeks, and on membership claims indexed by Latin-Greek or English-Greek code-switching, by at the same time trying to establish parallels and influences between the two high registers of the Anglo-Saxon period.
Some Peculiar Forms of Old English Verbs
Authors: Ogura Michiko 
Published: December 2016

Abstract
In late Old English it became common to find strange verb forms of which had less frequently appeared in earlier texts. It is clear that Old English paradigms started to modify their shapes, though their structure had never been completely established in the first place due to limited data. This article discusses some examples of Old English verbs which show a morphological merger in addition to phonetic, syntactic, or semantic resemblance, e.g., between wendan and gewendan, þyncan and þencan, læran and leornian, (ge)witan and (ge)wītan, blissian and bletsian, and biddan, (be)beodan, and forbeodan, so as to show the natural selection of Old English verbs in the process of lexical conflict.