bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MORC-1 is a key component of theC. elegansCSR-1 germline gene licensing mechanism
Authors: Kirshner Jessica A. , Picard Colette L. , Weiser Natasha E. , Mehta Nicita , Feng Suhua , Murphy Victoria N. , Vakhnovetsky Anna , Alessi Amelia F. , Xiao Connie , Inoki Kai , Mouridi Sonia El , Frøkjær-Jensen Christian , Jacobsen Steven E. , Kim John K. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe Argonaute CSR-1 is essential for germline development inC. elegans. Mutation ofcsr-1downregulates thousands of germline-expressed genes, leading to the model that the CSR-1-mediated small RNA pathway promotes, or “licenses,” gene expression by an unknown mechanism. CSR-1 also silences a limited number of genes through its canonical endonucleolytic “slicer” activity. We show that the GHKL-type ATPase MORC-1, a CSR-1 slicing target, over-accumulates at CSR-1 “licensed” target genes incsr-1(-), which correlates with ectopic gain of H3K9me3, H3K36me3 loss, and gene downregulation. Loss ofmorc-1rescuescsr-1(-) defects, while overexpressing MORC-1 in the germline of wild-type worms is sufficient to cause sterility and downregulate CSR-1 targets. These results show that MORC-1 overexpression incsr-1(-) is a primary driver of the CSR-1-mediated gene licensing mechanism.One-Sentence SummaryMORC-1 acts downstream of CSR-1 to regulate germline chromatin states and is a key component of the gene licensing mechanism.
Ultrasensitive in vivo infrared spectroscopic imaging via oblique photothermal microscopy
Authors: Li Mingsheng , Xiao Sheng , Ni Hongli , Ding Guangrui , Yuan Yuhao , Marar Carolyn , Mertz Jerome , Cheng Ji-Xin 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIn vivo IR spectroscopy faces challenges due to poor sensitivity in reflection mode and low resolution at micrometer scale. To break this barrier, we report an oblique photothermal microscope (OPTM) to enable ultrasensitive IR spectroscopic imaging of live subjects at sub-micron resolution. Classic photothermal measurement captures only a small fraction of probe photons through a pinhole to extract the photothermal signal. Instead, OPTM uses a differential split detector placed on the sample surface to collect 500-fold more photons and suppress the laser noise by 12 fold via balanced detection. Leveraging its improved sensitivity, OPTM enables low-dose IR imaging of skin without photodamage. Depth-resolved in vivo OPTM imaging of metabolic markers beneath mouse and human skin is shown. Furthermore, we demonstrate in vivo OPTM tracking of topical drug contents within mouse and human skin. Collectively, OPTM presents a highly sensitive imaging platform for in vivo and in situ molecular analysis.
A heteromeric nicotinic acetylcholine receptor promotes sleep by relaying GABAergic signals within a locus of motor and sensory integration
Authors: Yumita Tomohiro , Ahamed Hassan , Hatch Hayden A. M. , Cossentino Ian , Louka Charalambia , Stavropoulos Nicholas 
Published: October 2024

SUMMARYLocomotor inactivity and reduced sensory responsiveness are defining attributes of sleep, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. In particular, the molecular and circuit mechanisms by which sleep-regulatory signals from the brain restrict movement and sensation remain largely ill-defined. Here we identify a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) that promotes sleep inDrosophilathrough its expression in GABAergic neurons of the ventral nerve cord (VNC), a center for motor and sensory systems. Biochemical, genetic, and pharmacological manipulations indicate that a heteromeric nAChR containing the α1 and β1 subunits promotes sleep by coupling cholinergic input to GABA release in the VNC and the likely inhibition of motor neurons, sensory afferents, or both. The functional parallels of the VNC and the mammalian spinal cord suggest that disruptions of analogous inhibitory circuits in humans may impair suppression of behavioral activity and sensory inputs during sleep and contribute to sleep disorders.
BaMBo: An Annotated Bone Marrow Biopsy Dataset for Segmentation Task
Authors: Singh Anilpreet , Dharamdasani Satyender , Sharma Praveen , Gupta Sukrit 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBone marrow examination has become increasingly important for the diagnosis and treatment of hematologic and other illnesses. The present methods for analyzing bone marrow biopsy samples involve subjective and inaccurate assessments by visual estimation by pathologists. Thus, there is a need to develop automated tools to assist in the analysis of bone marrow samples. However, there is a lack of publicly available standardized and high-quality datasets that can aid in the research and development of automated tools that can provide consistent and objective measurements. In this paper, we present a comprehensiveBoneMarrowBiopsy (BaMBo) dataset consisting 185 semantic-segmented bone marrow biopsy images, specifically designed for the automated calculation of bone marrow cellularity. Our dataset comprises high-resolution, generalized images of bone marrow biopsies, each annotated with precise semantic segmentation of different haematological components. These components are divided into 4 classes: Bony trabeculae, adipocytes, cellular region and Background (BG). The annotations were performed with the help of two experienced hematopathologists that were supported by state-of-the-art Deep Learning (DL) models and image processing techniques. We then used our dataset to train a custom U-Net based DL model that performs multi-class semantic segmentation of the images (Dice Score: 0.831±0.099) and predicts the cellularity of these images with an error of 5.9%±8.8%. This shows the applicability of our data for future research in this domain. Our code is available athttps://github.com/AI-in-Medicine-IIT-Ropar/BaMbo-Bone-Marrow-Biopsy.
Why and how do suppliers develop environmental management capabilities in response to buyer-led development initiatives?
Authors: Qiao Jianqi , Li Suicheng , Capaldo Antonio 
Published: October 2024

Purpose
Although buying firms increasingly adopt supplier development to help suppliers enhance their ability to deal with environmental issues, little is known about the mechanisms by which buyer-led environmental supplier development (ESD) affects the environmental management capabilities (EMC) of suppliers. Focusing on the supplier perspective and specifically on the role of psychological mechanisms at the supplier level, the authors adopt the stimulus–organism–response framework from functionalist psychology to investigate the mediating role of environment-related supplier perceived relationship value in the association between ESD, in the form of environmental requirements and audits (indirect development – ID) vs. direct development projects (direct development – DD), and supplier EMC.

Design/methodology/approach
The authors used structural equation modeling and regression analysis to test the hypotheses using survey data from 221 supplying organizations in China.

Findings
Results reveal that each of the three considered dimensions of the environment-related supplier perceived relationship value (i.e. economic, strategic and co-creation) helps enhance EMC. However, while DD influences positively all three dimensions, ID has a positive effect on only the economic and strategic dimensions. Moreover, the mediation analysis suggests that, while DD affects EMC both directly and via the three dimensions of environment-related supplier perceived relationship value (partial mediation), ID affects EMC only through its impact on environment-related supplier perceived relationship economic and strategic value (full mediation).

Originality/value
The study sheds light on the psychological mechanisms that drive suppliers’ involvement in green supplier development activities. By doing so, it contributes to the understanding of ESD practices and processes and their effectiveness.
Labour market and income inequalities in the Netherlands, 1977–2022
Authors: Jongen Egbert , Been Jim , Caminada Koen , Vethaak Heike 
Published: October 2024

AbstractWe study how changes in labour market outcomes and household composition translate into changes in household incomes in the Netherlands over the period 1977–2022. During this period, the Netherlands witnessed a vast increase in female employment and earnings. This was also the key driver of household income growth. Male employment hardly changed, and male earnings growth was limited, and hence contributed little to household income growth. The increase in employment and earnings was the most pronounced for lower‐educated women and women with relatively low earnings. The resulting drop in earnings inequality among women also put a drag on the rise in household income inequality, together with an increase in social benefits and a reduction in taxes for the bottom of the household income distribution. However, overall there was still a small increase in disposable household income inequality because inequality in male earnings increased, with earnings falling in real terms for men with low earnings and rising somewhat for men with high earnings. Furthermore, the proportion of singles increased, in particular among low‐earning men and women, and assortative matching on earnings in couples increased. We further show that despite still having relatively low household income inequality overall, a large gap remains between immigrants and natives.
Labour market trends and income inequality in Germany, 1983–2020
Authors: Blömer Maximilian , Herold Elena , Lay Max , Peichl Andreas , Rathje Ann‐Christin , Schüle Paul , Steuernagel Anne 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis study analyses the development of inequality in Germany from 1983 to 2020, focusing on labour market trends and income inequality. Using data from the German Socio‐Economic Panel, we show that one of the most important trends in the German labour market in recent decades has been the increasing participation of women in the labour market. In addition, we confirm previous findings that inequality in earnings and household disposable income increased from the 1990s to 2005. Since then, inequality has not increased further despite changes in the composition of the labour force that tend to increase inequality, such as increased assortative matching and high net migration rates.
Machine learning‐based classification of varicocoele grading: A promising approach for diagnosis and treatment optimization
Authors: Kayra Mehmet Vehbi , Şahin Ali , Toksöz Serdar , Serindere Mehmet , Altıntaş Emre , Özer Halil , Gül Murat 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundVaricocoele is a correctable cause of male infertility. Although physical examination is still being used in diagnosis and grading, it gives conflicting results when compared to ultrasonography‐based varicocoele grading.ObjectivesWe aimed to develop a multi‐class machine learning model for the grading of varicocoeles based on ultrasonographic measurements.MethodBetween January and May 2024, we enrolled unilateral varicocoele patients at an infertility clinic, assessing their varicocoele stages using the Dubin and Amelar system. We measured vascular diameter and reflux time at the testicular apex and the subinguinal region ultrasonography in both the supine and standing positions. Using these measurements, we developed four multi‐class machine learning models, evaluating their performance metrics and determining which patient position and projection were most influential in varicocoele grading.ResultsWe included 248 patients with unilateral varicocoele in the study, their average age was 26.61 ± 4.95 years old. Of these, 212 had left‐sided and 36 had right‐sided varicocoeles. According to the Dubin and Amelar system, there were 66 grade I, 96 grade II, and 86 grade III varicocoeles. Among the models we created, the random forest (RF) model performed best, with an overall accuracy of 0.81 ± 0.06, an F1 score of 0.79 ± 0.02, a sensitivity of 0.69 ± 0.02, and a specificity of 0.8 ± 0.03.Vascular diameter measurement at the testicular apex in the supine position had the most impact on grading across all models. In support vector machine and multi‐layer perceptron models, reflux time measurements from the subinguinal projection in the standing position contributed the most, while in RF and k‐nearest neighbors models, measurements from the subinguinal projection in the supine position were the most influential.ConclusionsMachine learning methods have demonstrated superior accuracy in predicting disease compared to traditional statistical regressions and nomograms. These advancements hold promise for clinically automated prediction of varicocoele grades in patients. Tailored varicocoele grading for individuals has the potential to enhance treatment effectiveness and overall quality of life.
Characteristics and outcomes of children and young adults with sickle cell disease supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): An updated analysis of the ELSO registry
Authors: Remy Tancrède , Jegard Julien , Chenouard Alexis , Maminirina Pierre , Liet Jean Michel , Couec Marie‐Laure , Joram Nicolas , Bourgoin Pierre 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundSickle cell disease (SCD) is a global hemoglobinopathy; approximately 300 000 individuals are diagnosed annually. Acute chest syndrome (ACS), a common complication, leads to significant hospitalization and mortality, particularly in cases of severe respiratory distress. ECMO outcomes in this specific population are poorly described.MethodsThis retrospective observational study, utilizing data from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization (ELSO) registry, focuses on children and young adults (<40 years) with SCD undergoing ECMO from 1998 to 2022.ResultsWe observed a growing trend in ECMO cases over the last 15 years, with 210 SCD patients identified in the registry (five neonates, 95 children, 110 adults). ECMO was predominantly initiated for pulmonary support (62%), and most of the primary diagnoses were related to SCD (reported as “SCD” or “acute chest syndrome”). The global survival rate was 55.8% (59% for children and 52.7% for adults). None of the children supported for extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation survived, and only 2/18 (11%) of adults cannulated for ECPR survived. Complication rates, including acute renal failure (33.8%) neurological events (13%), thrombotic (23.3%), or bleeding events (22.9%) were not noticeably different from reported outcomes in the ELSO registry.ConclusionOur findings suggest that ECMO outcomes in SCD patients align with general ECMO trends and may not be limited by suspected unfavorable results in children and young adults. Despite limitations, our study contributes valuable insights into using ECMO in SCD, emphasizing the need for further research and understanding in this underexplored domain.
Piecing together the intricate puzzle of organ recovery in AL amyloidosis
Authors: Nuvolone Mario , Palladini Giovanni 
Published: October 2024

In AL amyloidosis, the factors hindering organ recovery despite deep haematological responses to anti‐clonal therapy remain elusive. The study by Staron and colleagues identifies tissue‐specific factors influencing the lack of organ response, including host‐related characteristics, the properties of the amyloidogenic precursor, the extent of organ compromise at diagnosis and the dynamics and depth of haematological response. While this study begins to unravel the complex mechanisms underlying organ recovery in AL amyloidosis, it also raises critical questions that warrant further investigation through future collaborative research.Commentary on: Staron et al. Factors impeding organ recovery despite a deep haematological response in patients with systemic AL amyloidosis. Br J Haematol 2024; 205:2268‐2272.
Young children's perceptions and experiences of school readiness during the transition from preschool to primary school in China
Authors: Luo Shilan , Yuan Shanshan 
Published: October 2024

AbstractSchool readiness has a profound educational value for children's positive adjustment to primary school and holistic development. However, little research sufficiently addresses how young children view multifaceted components of learning, such as cognitive, affective and behavioural experiences on school readiness. A timely understanding of children's perceptions and experiences is crucial to shed light on how to promote transition and improve children's school readiness. This study investigated the perceptions and experiences of 41 children in China (5–6 years of age, 23 girls) regarding their school readiness based on Mosaic approach methods. The results indicated that young children have their own unique perceptions, emotional and behavioural experiences of school readiness. The perceptions of school readiness include four aspects of material supplies, subjects knowledge, interests and specialties and behavioural habits, which has similarities to that of adults in aspects of academic knowledge and social rules. Nevertheless, findings revealed young children view interests and strengths as important part of school readiness, reflecting their personal preferences and abilities. The emotional experiences could be considered positive or negative, with positive emotional experiences expressing children's curiosity and expectation, fulfilment and pleasure, and negative emotional experiences expressing academic burden, rules pressure and social worries, which need to be addressed. Young children's behavioural experiences with school readiness present two patterns of passive acceptance and active participation, they are eager to participate in activities and have a strong desire to explore and learn. Our findings extend beyond existing conception of school readiness, and give greater weight to children's interests and strengths, positive experiences and active participation. It is important to focus on children's intrinsic interests and strengths, accept children's ideas and choices, care for their emotional state and provide positive support.
iGlarLixi effectively reduces residual hyperglycaemia in Chinese people with type 2 diabetes on basal insulin: A post hoc analysis of the LixiLan‐L‐CN study
Authors: Yuan Xiaoyong , Li Dongmei , Wang Kun , Lauand Felipe , Zhang Minlu , Fang Hexin , Du Qin , Kang Lei , Alvarez Agustina , Guo Xiaohui 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the effects of iGlarLixi versus insulin glargine 100 U/mL (iGlar) on residual hyperglycaemia in Chinese people with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes (T2D) on prior basal insulin (BI) therapy ± oral antidiabetic drugs in the LixiLan‐L‐CN study (NCT03798080).Materials and MethodsIn this post hoc analysis, residual hyperglycaemia (i.e. HbA1c ≥ 7.0% [≥ 53 mmol/mol] and fasting plasma glucose [FPG] < 7.0 mmol/L) were assessed over 30 weeks. Outcomes were assessed at week 30 in participants with baseline residual hyperglycaemia, including changes from baseline in HbA1c, FPG, 2‐hour postprandial glucose (PPG) and daily BI dose, the proportion of participants with HbA1c less than 7.0% (< 53 mmol/mol) and FPG less than 7.0 mmol/L and the incidence of hypoglycaemia.ResultsOf 421 participants, 124 (29.5%) had baseline residual hyperglycaemia (iGlarLixi, n = 64 [31.7%]; iGlar, n = 60 [29.1%]). At week 30, the residual hyperglycaemia rate decreased to 7.0% with iGlarLixi and increased to 43.3% with iGlar. Among participants with baseline residual hyperglycaemia, a greater proportion achieved both HbA1c and FPG targets at week 30 with iGlarLixi versus iGlar (43.8% vs. 16.7%), and iGlarLixi provided greater reductions in HbA1c (least squares mean [LSM] difference, −0.9% [−9.4 mmol/mol]) and 2‐hour PPG (LSM difference, −4.7 mmol/L; both P < .001). Daily BI dose and incidence of hypoglycaemia were similar in the two groups.ConclusionsThe findings of this post hoc analysis suggest that iGlarLixi had greater benefits than iGlar in reducing the rate of residual hyperglycaemia over 30 weeks in Chinese people with suboptimally controlled T2D on prior BI‐based therapy.
How Do Australians Manage Diagnostic Testing Risks? Focus Groups Linked to a Model of Behaviour Change
Authors: Rozbroj Tomas , Parker Catriona , Haas Romi , Wallis Jason A. , Buchbinder Rachelle , O'Connor Denise A. 
Published: October 2024

ABSTRACTBackgroundDiagnostic tests carry significant risks, and communications are needed to help lay people consider these. The development of communications has been hindered by poor knowledge about how lay people understand and negotiate testing risks. We examined lay Australians' perceptions of diagnostic testing risks and how these risks are managed.MethodWe completed 12 semistructured online focus groups with 61 Australian adults (18+) between April and June 2022. Participants were divided into younger/older (> 50 years) and male/female groups. Using semistructured discussion and exploring two hypothetical scenarios, we examined attitudes to diagnostic tests, their risks and how test risks were managed. Themes were identified, subanalysed to identify age and gender differences and mapped to the COM‐B model of behaviour change.ResultsThe six themes provided detailed accounts of how participants considered themselves able, empowered and assertive when negotiating testing risks and of complex ways in which relationships with health workers, personal experiences and structural factors influenced negotiating testing risks. COM‐B identified multiple opportunities for leveraging these lay beliefs in health promotion. It also identified barriers, including narrow concepts of testing risks, challenges during shared decision‐making and overestimation of personal influence on testing decisions.SignificanceOur findings matter because they are a novel, detailed account of testing risk beliefs, linked to a model for behaviour change. This will directly inform development of test risk/benefit communications, which are a research priority.Public ContributionThe study design enabled participants to influence the discussion agenda, and they could comment on the analysis. Participants contributed insights about their needs, beliefs and experiences related to medical testing, and these will be used to shape future patient‐centred decision tools.