bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adverse events following immunization with pentavalent vaccine in a tertiary care hospital
Authors: Bansal Sharad 
Published: November 2017

Background: Immunizations currently save 3 million lives per year throughout the world and is one of the most cost-effective health interventions. The Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations (GAVI) and WHO recommended the use of pentavalent to replace the DPT vaccine in developing countries. Vaccines related most side effects are mild and non-serious. Surveillance of adverse events following immunization will enable us to monitor the safety of immunization programs and thereby contribute to validating the immunization program. The main aim of this study is to analyze all suspected adverse events in children reported for pentavalent vaccination.Methods:A prospective, observational epidemiological study was conducted in the department of Paediatrics OPD at tertiary care teaching institute during October 2016 to December 2016. The study was conducted amongst 190 children attending the department of Paediatrics OPD for the second or third dose of pentavalent vaccine.Results: The study shows the following adverse effects after pentavalent injection 127 (66.8%) children had pain at the site of injection, 103(54.2%) mild fever, Swelling at injection site 84(44.2%) and 55(28.9%) children held their leg back due to pain. In majority 85 (44.7%) of children antipyretic and in 65 (34.2%) children analgesic was given was given to relieve the symptoms. The parents were very positive for completing their children’s immunization schedule even though they have faced few symptoms.Conclusions:It can be concluded that all the adverse events reported were mild and could be managed easily without any complications.
Authors: De Souza Severino Félix , Ferreira Francisco Danilo Da Silva , Morais Ana Cristina Dos Santos 
Published: November 2017

O dinamismo econômico das regiões é um fator bastante decisivo para a não estagnação de sua economia. Baseado nisso, as regiões tem procurado desenvolver-se cada vez mais e, além do setor urbano, a área rural vem procurando contribuir com essa dinâmica, como exemplo, o aumento da participação no setor de serviços. Melhorar rendimentos e aumentar o poder aquisitivo é uma preocupação crescente na vida das famílias, tanto urbana, como rurais. No setor rural, a pobreza e a desigualdade vêm de certa forma, quando não estagnadas, diminuindo. Boa parte dessa melhoria na renda pode ser considerada por meio do avanço do setor de serviços, abrindo espaço para as famílias tornarem-se pluriativas. Assim, faz-se necessário diversificar a forma de obtenção de renda. Atualmente, as famílias passaram a constituir uma nova classificação: As chamadas pluriativas. O objetivo deste trabalho consiste em examinar a nova dinâmica da região Nordeste, fazendo uma análise no setor de serviços, paralelo ao novo rural, demonstrando ainda, como essa nova dinâmica influencia positivamente a região por meio da diminuição ou estagnação da pobreza e da desigualdade. A metodologia utilizada consiste em uma revisão bibliográfica, de cunho exploratório, concernente à temática abordada explicitando e caracterizando respectivamente, pluriatividade, o novo rural, pobreza e desigualdade, fazendo uso dos índices de pobreza FGT, de desigualdade de Gini. Os resultados demonstram que existe uma nova dinâmica na Região Nordeste, advinda do aumento e da transformação do setor de serviços, que age como propulsor da mudança do rural, entendendo que este setor não pode ser considerado apenas agrícola. Portanto, essa modificação vem ajudando a transformar este cenário.
Authors: Gonçalves Freitas Mara Luiza , Ribeiro Vinícius Valadares , De Souza Antônio Arthur 
Published: November 2017

No presente artigo apresenta-se uma reflexão exploratória sobre a inclusão da educação financeira no currículo da educação básica, a partir da análise de 24 projetos político-pedagógicos de escolas estaduais de ensino fundamental de alguns estados brasileiros, entre os anos de 2010 a 2015. Os respectivos projetos foram coletados na internet. Foi realizada a análise de conteúdos dos respectivos documentos, observando-se três unidades analíticas: prática pedagógica da escola, objetivos políticos-pedagógicos da escola e projetos ou programas voltados para a educação financeira. Identificou-se que nenhum dos projetos avaliados prevê a educação financeira, embora 87,50% prevejam práticas interdisciplinares ou transversais e 66,67% tenham como objetivo geral e ou específico preparar os alunos para a vida. Concluiu-se, à luz da conjugação dessas informações com a revisão de literatura que privilegiou a apresentação de estatísticas sobre o comportamento financeiro do brasileiro, a dinâmica do programa da OCDE para a promoção de estratégias nacionais de educação financeira e conceitos de Finanças Comportamentais, que há limitações na forma como o Estado difunde a Estratégia Nacional de Educação Financeira, até o momento apresentada como prática interdisciplinar que pode ser adotada voluntariamente pela instituição de ensino.
Authors: Kunkel Cristina , Visentini Monize Sâmara , Casalinho Gilmar D'Agostini Oliveira 
Published: November 2017

O consumo é necessário para que as pessoas adquiram produtos essenciais para a vida humana. Mas há pessoas que consomem quantidades que não precisam e/ou que nunca irão usar, tem-se aí característica de pessoas com Transtorno do Comprador Compulsivo (TCC). Vários autores afirmam que o gênero feminino possui maior propensão para possuir TCC. Dentre os produtos que as mulheres compram compulsivamente estão os cosméticos. Para tanto, essa pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar a relação entre a vaidade feminina e a compra compulsiva de cosméticos. A metodologia adotada foi a descritiva, do tipo transversal único e abordagem quantitativa. A população desta pesquisa são todas as mulheres brasileiras com mais de 18 anos, usuárias do Facebook, e a amostragem é não probabilística. Para a realização do estudo, foi aplicada uma survey online, disponibilizada na rede social Facebook. Como principais resultados, obteve-se que a maioria das respondentes é vaidosa (75,7%) e consumidoras não compulsivas (88,4%), sendo que estatisticamente não se pode afirmar que a vaidade influencia na compra compulsiva de cosméticos.
Simulation Performance and National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses Outcomes: Field Research Perspectives
Authors: Brackney Dana E. , Lane Susan Hayes , Dawson Tyia , Koontz Angie 
Published: November 2017

Purpose This descriptive field study examines processes used to evaluate simulation for senior-level Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students in a capstone course, discusses challenges related to simulation evaluation, and reports the relationship between faculty evaluation of student performance and National Council Licensure Examination for Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) first-time passing rates. Methods Researchers applied seven terms used to rank BSN student performance ( n = 41, female, ages 22–24 years) in a senior-level capstone simulation. Faculty evaluation was correlated with students ‘NCLEX-RN outcomes. Results Students evaluated as “lacking confidence” and “flawed” were less likely to pass the NCLEX-RN on the first attempt. Conclusions Faculty evaluation of capstone simulation performance provided additional evidence of student preparedness for practice in the RN role, as evidenced by the relationship between the faculty assessment and NCLEX-RN success. Implications Simulation has been broadly accepted as a powerful educational tool that may also contribute to verification of student achievement of program outcomes and readiness for the RN role.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN AGAINST DIABETES AND NICOTINE-COMBINED OXIDATIVE STRESS
Authors: Ibrahim Zein Shaban , Soliman Mohamed Mohamed , Mahmoud Shawky , Shukry Mustafa 
Published: November 2017

Background: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) develop through oxidative stress-induced myocardial cell apoptosis that cause cardiac tissue damage resulting in hemodynamics disturbance while Cigarette Smoking (CS) is associated with a significant increase in the risk of recurrent ventricular tachyarrhythmia in ischemic and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy patients caused by oxidative stress. Curcuma longa extract (curcumin) is known to protect against hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress. This brought in mind to investigate the probability of the crcumin ability to ameliorate the combined diabetes and smoking induced oxidative stress caused DCM
Materials and Methods: Diabetic rats were administered nicotine to investigate the effect of the combined oxidative stress of diabetes and nicotine. Moreover, curcumin was administered to examine its protective effect on possible oxidative stress induced diabetes and nicotine.
Results: Nicotine administration in a dose of 1.5 mg/kg to diabetic rats increased the oxidative stress. This occurs through elevation of plasma nitric oxide (NO) and upregulation of cardiac tissue inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Endothelin-1 mRNA expressions, in addition to elevation of plasma triglycerides (TG), and LDL and reduction of HDL levels. Nicotine administration also reduced the cardiac tissue protective mechanism through reduction of plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD), cardiac tissue Erythropoietin (EPO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms and VEGF receptor mRNA expressions. These combined oxidative stresses were manifested by elevation of the plasma cardiac markers troponin I and creatine kinase (CK-MB). Supplementation of curcumin prevented the diabetic and nicotine-induced oxidative stress through reduction of plasma NO and iNOS and Endothelin-1 mRNA expressions to their control levels and elevation of plasma SOD and upregulation of cardiac tissue Erythropoietin (EPO), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) isoforms and VEGF receptor mRNA expressions. This curcumin protective effect of the cardiac tissue was manifested by normalization of the plasma cardiac marker troponin I and CK-MB.
Conclusion: These results strongly confirmed that curcumin protected cardiac tissues from the combined oxidative stress induced by diabetes and nicotine.
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO ANTI-TRYPANOSOMAL ACTIVITIES OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF AZADIRACHTA INDICA STEM-BARK
Authors: Wanzala Everlyne N. , Gikonyo Nicholas K. , Murilla Grace , Githua Mercy , Hassanali Ahmed 
Published: November 2017

Background: Current chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of African trypanosomiasis have become largely ineffective, necessitating the search for alternative compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro anti-trypanosomal activities of methanol extracts of parts of Azadirachta indica against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanosoma evansi and establish the in vivo efficacy of the most active extract.
Materials and methods: Maceration of powdered leaves, stem bark and root bark of the plant in methanol afforded three extracts. In vitro assays were carried out with the extracts on the three trypanosome strains in 96-well microtitre plates at concentration ranges of 4000 - 1000μg/ml. The most active extract was assayed in vivo using Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infected Swiss albino mice at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight. Melarsoprol and suramin served as positive controls. The infected untreated group served as the negative control. Parasitaemia levels, packed cell volume, body weight changes and mean survival period of all groups were monitored throughout the experimental period.
Results: Methanol extract of the stem bark of A.indica was most active in vitro against all the three trypanosome strains (MIC values of 9.93±1.88, 16.25±0.92 and 9.97±0.44μg/ml for T. b. rhodesiense, T. b. brucei and T. evansi, respectively). The extract showed optimum activity at 400 mg/kg and was comparable to the positive control groups. Parasitaemia levels were kept at a significantly low level (p < 0.05) by the extract compared to the negative control. Notably, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in mean survival time of mice treated with the extract at 400 mg/kg and the positive controls.
Conclusion: In vitro and in vivo anti-trypanosomal activities of the methanol extract of A. indica stem bark could be attributed to the presence of constituents of moderate polarity.
Exploring Alternative Management Options for Multiyear Perennial Ryegrass Seed Production in Northern Minnesota
Authors: Heineck Garett , Watkins Eric , Ehlke Nancy Jo 
Published: November 2017

ABSTRACTPerennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is grown as a biennial when produced for seed in Minnesota; however, producers desire multiyear seed production. One approach to achieving multiyear seed production could be through improved management practices. In particular, plant growth regulators (PGRs) and fall residue management could help overcome several obstacles hindering multiyear seed production in northern climates. We assessed the impact of fall residue management practices and various PGRs after first‐year harvest on winter survival and second‐year seed yield of perennial ryegrass grown in northern Minnesota. The experiment was conducted for three trial years from 2013 to 2016 in second‐year perennial ryegrass seed production swards. Three fall residue management treatments and five fall‐applied PGR treatments were evaluated in a split‐plot design. Fall‐applied PGRs had no effect on second‐year seed yield and minimal effects on winter survival. Managing residue by open‐burning consistently resulted in significantly higher second‐year seed yields than in the no residue removal control (1064 vs. 680 kg ha−1, respectively). Open‐burning and baling and mowing residue resulted in similar seed yields in 2 out of 3 yr, and both increased yields compared with no residue removal. Winter survival was only moderately affected by residue management, was highly dependent on year, and had an impact on mean seed yields across treatments. This indicates that winter survival and fall residue management are both important in maintaining multiyear seed yield in Minnesota.
Accounting for Calcareous Concretions in Calcic Vertisols Improves the Accuracy of Soil Hydraulic Property Estimations
Authors: Gu Feng , Ren Tusheng , Li Baoguo , Li Lujiu 
Published: November 2017

Core Ideas
Calcareous concretions (CCs) could maintain a considerable amount of water and the water content of CCs decreased with an increase in CC sizes.
The addition of CCs to soils changed the WRC and the pore distribution of soils significantly.
The available water content (AWC) of soil–CC mixtures decreased when the CC content increased.
A linear equation, which included CC content and CC water content, was proposed to estimate the AWC of soils containing CCs accurately.
The soil water retention curve (WRC) is one of the most important properties in soil hydraulic studies. Current studies normally focus on fine soils, ignoring the water‐holding capacity of coarse fragments (>2 mm) and their effects on soil available water content (AWC). Calcareous concretions (CC) are coarse inclusions distributed widely in soils around the world. This study was conducted to quantify the effects of the proportion and size of CCs on the soil WRC and AWC of a calcic vertisol. The WRCs of CCs were measured using the sand box and ceramic plate method, and the WRCs of fine soils and soil–CC mixtures of various sizes (2–5, 5–8, and 8–30) and proportions (5, 10, 15, and 30% on a total mass basis) of CC were determined with the centrifuge method. The WRCs were fitted with the van Genuchten equation. The results showed that CCs retained a considerable amount of water. The saturated water contents of CCs of 2‐ to 5‐, 5‐ to 8‐ and 8‐ to 30‐mm were 0.251, 0.220, and 0.196 cm3 cm–3, respectively. The addition of CCs changed the WRC and pore distribution of soils significantly. The AWC of soil–CC mixtures decreased with increasing CC content. A linear equation, which included the fraction of CCs and water content in CCs, was proposed to estimate the AWC of soils containing CCs accurately. Accounting for CCs in the calcic vertisol improved the accuracy of soil hydraulic property estimations.
Sulfur Containing Acridine Derivatives in Preclinical Studies with Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Othman Salem , Kozurkova Maria 
Published: November 2017

Background:
The possible use of acridines as anticancer agents was first considered
in the 1920´s. Since then, a large number of acridine drugs have been tested as antitumour
agents, including compounds containing sulphur on the acridine chromophore. In this review,
we will discuss recent studies which have investigated the anticancer activity of this class of
acridine derivatives.

Methods:
We present the results both of our own decade-long research and also of existing
research literature into the anticancer activity of acridine derivatives containing sulphur. The
evidence of specific tumor-cell killing properties displayed by these compounds suggest the
potential of using such molecules as anticancer therapeutics.

Results:
During the last decade, a number of acridine analogs have been developed by modifying
the position and the nature of the substituent on the acridine core. In this paper, we published
results on the anticancer activity of acridine derivatives containing sulfur (acridine thioureas,
acridine thiazolidine/thiazoidinone, and acridine thiosemicarbazones/ thiosemicarbazides).
In cancer chemotherapy, the mechanism of the drugs is complex, although the study of
the anticancer activity of acridines has yielded exciting results.

Conclusion:
In this review we have summarized recent literature on the anticancer activity of
acridine derivatives containing sulfur. A considerable amount of published data suggests that
these compounds exhibit promising anticancer activity against selected cancer cell lines. The
obtained results can be helpful in the development of new pharmaceutical agents.
Electrochemical Determination of Rivastigmine Hydrogen Tartrate at β-Cyclodextrin/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Modified Electrode
Authors: Kılıçyaldır Bugçe , Avan Asiye Aslıhan , Güçlü Kubilay , Özyürek Mustafa , Filik Hayati 
Published: November 2017

Background:Electrochemical techniques can easily be adopted to solve many problems of pharmaceutical interest. The implementation of electroanalytical methods in the assay of pharmaceutical formulations has increased greatly. Nowadays, owing to the critical importance of electron transfer and surface properties, chemically modified electrodes have been employed in electrochemical sensors. The chemically modified electrode is one of the most popular electroanalytical sensors and used in several applications.Methods:In this work, a β-cyclodextrine/multi-walled carbon nanotubes (β-CD/MWCNTs) composite modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was produced and applied to the detection of Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate (RVT) in pharmaceutical formulations. The voltammetric feature of RVT at this β- CD/MWCNTs modified electrode was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry.Results:The β-cyclodextrin and multi-walled carbon nanotubes modified glassy carbon electrode displayed good electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate with relatively high sensitivity, stability and lifetime. The calibration graph of the analyte was linear over the range 10- 1500 µM with two linear segments and the detection limit was obtained as 2.0 µM (S/N=3). The results showed that the electrochemical sensor has good sensitivity and selectivity.Conclusion:The β-CD/MWCNTs modified electrode displayed a high electrochemical activity and good sensitivity toward the oxidation of RVT. Compared with the bare MWCNTs coated sensor, the response of analyte increased soundly and the response potential of target analyte shifted negatively. The results indicated that the β-CD/MWCNTs film coated electrode had good catalysis to the voltammetric oxidation of RVT. The prepared sensor was applied to determine RVT in pharmaceutical samples with satisfactory yields. The outcomes indicate that β-CD/MWCNTs coated electrode is a safe choice for the detection of RVT.
Effectiveness and Impact of the Walking Bleach Technique on Esthetic Self-perception and Psychosocial Factors: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial
Authors: Bersezio C , Martin J , Peña F , Rubio M , Estay J , Vernal R , Junior OB Oliveira , Fernández E 
Published: November 2017

SUMMARY

Objective:
This trial evaluates the impact of psychosocial and esthetic self-perceptions of patients undergoing nonvital tooth bleaching using the walking bleach technique. We also assessed the clinical effectiveness of bleaching tooth discoloration.

Methods:
Fifty volunteers with nonvital tooth discoloration were enrolled. Teeth were randomized into two groups: 35% hydrogen peroxide (n=25) and 37% carbamide peroxide (n=25). Intracoronal bleaching was performed over four sessions using the walking bleach technique. Tooth color was evaluated at each session to measure total color variation. The shade guide was arranged from highest (B1) to lowest (C4) values to assess the color and calculate the color change in the number of shade guide units. Subjective and objective assessments were compared with the tooth counterpart. Esthetic self-perception and psychosocial factors were assessed before and after treatment.

Results:
Color change was 15.48&lt;5.17 for hydrogen peroxide and 14.02&lt;4.85 for carbamide peroxide. There was no significant difference at any time point (p&gt;0.05) except at sessions 3 and 4 (p&lt;0.05). Overall, whitened teeth values were similar to those of counterpart teeth (p&gt;0.05). There was a decrease in Oral Health Impact Profile and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics questionnaire scores after treatment compared with baseline (p&lt;0.05).

Conclusion:
The walking bleach technique was highly effective on nonvital teeth and had a positive effect on self-esthetic perception and psychological impact for the patients.
Aprendizaje basado en problemas para la enseñanza de los PLC en la Universidad Tecnológica de Altamira / Learning based on the problems for the teaching of the PLC at the Technological University of Altamira
Authors: Maya Palacios Edgar Uxmal , González Hernández José Genaro , Ocampo Casados José Luis 
Published: November 2017

El Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) es un método de enseñanza-aprendizaje centrado en el estudiante en el que éste adquiere conocimientos, habilidades y actitudes a través de situaciones de la vida real. En la Universidad Tecnológica de Altamira al ser parte de instituciones de educación superior tecnológica en México, incluye en sus programas de estudio el manejo de los controladores lógicos programables (PLC), lo cual constituye parte de su formación como mecatrónicos en la implementación de sistemas automatizados con aplicación industrial. La presente investigaciones propone el uso del método ABP para el aprendizaje de los PLC´s, mostrando los resultados que relacionan el desempeño académico de los alumnos de los grupos de experimentación.