bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
User eXperience Management from Early Stages of Computer Game Development
Authors: Mitre-Hernandez Hugo , Lara-Alvarez Carlos , Gonzalez-Salazar Mario , Mejia-Miranda Jezreel , Martin Diego 
Published: October 2016

The video game industry is becoming increasingly important due to its revenues and growing capabilities. User eXperience (UX) is an important factor which contributes to the acceptance of a video game. The UX is usually assessed at the end of the development process, and for this reason it is difficult to ensure an adequate level of interactive experience between computer game and players. Cancelation of projects or even bankruptcy of a company can be caused by bad management of UX. In this paper, we propose the game experience management (GEM), a method to evaluate, manage, measure and track the UX from early stages of computer game development. In order to compare the proposal against a method comprised by conventional approaches, teams of master degree students were formed for developing six tower defense games for teaching basic multiplication operations; surveys were conducted to compare the UX of games. In this setting, we find that games developed with GEM significantly improve UX by increasing the puppetry and consequently reducing player frustration.
New exploration discoveries in a mature basin: offshore Denmark
Authors: Goffey Graham , Attree Mark , Curtis Paul , Goodfellow Fiona , Lynch Jeremy , Mackertich Dave , Orife Tobore , Tyrrell William 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
In 2011, two discoveries were drilled by PA Resources in the Danish sector. The Broder Tuck 2/2A wells were drilled on a thrusted anticlinal structure, downdip of the apparently small U-1X gas discovery. The wells found an excellent quality gas reservoir within an interpreted Callovian lowstand incised valley containing braided fluvial and marginal-marine sandstones. A top and base seal are provided by mudstones of the over- and underlying transgressive systems tracts respectively. The development of a base seal is key to the presence of a potentially commercial resource downdip of a relatively unpromising old well.
The Lille John 1/1B wells were then drilled on a salt diapir on which 1980s wells had encountered shallow oil shows. Lille John 1 found slightly biodegraded 34° API oil in Miocene sandstones at the uncommonly shallow depth of −910 m true vertical depth subsea (TVDSS). The reservoir is full to spill, whilst the trap developed intermittently through latest Miocene–Late Pleistocene times. It is interpreted that a deeper Chalk accumulation temporarily lost seal integrity owing to glacially induced stress or overpressure triggering top-seal failure or fault reactivation during and after latest Pleistocene diapir inflation. The wider hydrocarbon exploration implications of glaciation on stress, pore pressure and trap integrity appear to be underappreciated.
Comodulation masking release in the inferior colliculus by combined signal enhancement and masker reduction
Authors: Diepenbrock Jan-Philipp , Jeschke Marcus , Ohl Frank W. , Verhey Jesko L. 
Published: October 2016

Auditory signals that contain coherent level fluctuations of a masker in different frequency regions enhance the detectability of an embedded sinusoidal target signal, an effect commonly known as comodulation masking release (CMR). Neural correlates have been proposed at different stages of the auditory system. While later stages seem to suppress the response to the masker, earlier stages are more likely to enhance their response to the signal when the masker is comodulated. Using a flanking band masking paradigm, the present study investigates how CMR is represented at the level of the inferior colliculus of the Mongolian gerbil. The responses to a target signal at various sound pressure levels in three different masking conditions were compared. In one condition the masker was a 10-Hz amplitude modulated sinusoid centered at the signal frequency while in the other two conditions six off-frequency carriers (flanking bands) were added. For 64 of a total of 94 units, the addition of comodulated flanking bands to the on-frequency masker did not change the response to the target signal. The remaining 30 units showed a change that enhanced target detectability if coherent flanking bands were added, indicative of CMR. The current data demonstrate that the response characteristics of these neurons represent an intermediate stage between the representation in the cochlear nucleus and the auditory cortex by increasing the response during the signal intervals and decreasing the response for the following masker portions. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The detection of comodulation, i.e., coherent level fluctuations in different frequency regions, is an important feature of speech recognition. In this study, we demonstrate how the representation of a signal in comodulated masking conditions changes along the auditory pathway by using a stimulus paradigm from the cochlea nucleus for the first time in the inferior colliculus. This happens on a timescale that makes corticocollicular feedback a likely candidate as the source.
A SEGURANÇA DO PACIENTE À LUZ DO REFERENCIAL DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS
Authors: Albuquerque Aline 
Published: October 2016

Este artigo tem por objetivo a elaboração de aporte teórico que ampare a concepção de que a segurança do paciente se interconecta com a obrigação dos Estados de preservar a vida de seus jurisdicionados, bem como é uma expressão do direito à saúde sob o prisma do Direito Internacional dos Direitos Humanos – que compreende os tratados de direitos humanos e a jurisprudência internacional emanada dos órgãos de direitos humanos situados na ONU, no Sistema Interamericano de Direitos Humanos e no Sistema Europeu de Direitos Humanos. Com o escopo de desenvolver a acepção de segurança do paciente sustentada sob o prisma do direito à vida e do direito à saúde, adotou-se pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica e documental, destacando-se o levantamento e a análise de relatórios e decisões produzidos pelos órgãos de direitos humanos apontados. Em conclusão, o direito ao cuidado em saúde seguro, derivado do direito à vida e do direito à saúde, deve ser objeto de regulação por parte dos Estados. Ou seja, sustenta-se neste artigo que certo elenco de medidas gerais de segurança do paciente seja legalmente instituído, de modo a enunciar explicitamente o direito ao cuidado em saúde seguro, enquanto um dos direitos humanos do paciente. Com efeito, a implantação da cultura de segurança do paciente é uma obrigação dos Estados; sua negligência em efetivá-la por meio de medidas legislativas, de políticas públicas e de orçamento próprio consiste em infringência aos comandos internacionais de direitos humanos.
RIGHT TO TRY? FOSFOETANOLAMINA, DI BELLA E STAMINA: UMA ANÁLISE ÍTALO-BRASILEIRA
Authors: Barbosa Elina Magnan 
Published: October 2016

Este trabalho possui como objetivo a análise do fornecimento judicial de medicamentos em fase de teste laboratorial, por meio de um estudo comparado dos casos italianos di Bella e Stamina e do caso brasileiro da fosfoetanolamina da Universidade de São Paulo. Para tanto, foram considerados os percursos judiciais dos três casos, as opiniões doutrinárias e repercussões médicas anunciadas pela mídia e pelos órgãos oficiais interessados. Como resultado, observou-se, no Brasil, uma tendência jurisprudencial que desponta, ainda que não confirmada, no sentido de que a realização do direito à saúde não pode prescindir da segurança médica, afastando-se, em princípio, a obrigação do Estado de fornecer tratamentos experimentais por meio de sua rede de saúde. Na Itália, por outro lado, após a experiência judicial e médica negativa decorrente de dois casos emblemáticos, a Corte Constitucional italiana (Corte Costituzionale) parece ter mudado de orientação, no sentido da não obrigação do fornecimento de tratamento experimental por parte do Servizio Sanitario Nazionale. No âmbito das ações com pretensão de curas compassivas, as normas técnicas, representadas pelas boas práticas clínicas, surgem como zíper de união entre o direito, a ciência e a ética.
Characteristics of Decremental Accessory Pathways in Children
Authors: Hill Allison C. , Silka Michael J. , Wee Choo Phei , Bar-Cohen Yaniv 
Published: October 2016

Background—
Although retrograde decremental accessory pathways (DAPs) are thought to typically present as permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia (permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia), they may also be diagnosed unexpectedly during electrophysiology study. We aimed to compare the clinical and electrophysiological characteristics of patients with DAPs to an age-matched cohort with nondecremental accessory pathways.

Methods and Results—

We retrospectively studied pediatric patients (<21 years of age) with retrograde DAPs and an age-matched control population with nondecremental accessory pathways who underwent electrophysiology study between 2005 and 2014. Decrement was defined as rate-dependent prolongation of the local ventriculo-atrial time by >30 ms. Twenty-six patients with DAPs were compared with 73 controls (mean age at electrophysiology study 9.8±5.7 and 10.3±5.2 years, respectively [
P
=nonsignificant]). Compared with controls, patients with DAPs had more frequent syncope (5/26 [19%] versus 3/73 [4%];
P
=0.02) and ventricular dysfunction (6/26 [23%] versus 4/73 [6%];
P
=0.04). Only 11 (42%) DAP patients manifested clinical permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia, and these patients had more syncope (5/11 [45%] versus 0/15 [0%];
P
<0.01), slower orthodromic reciprocating tachycardia (176±44 beats per minute versus 229±31 beats per minute;
P
=0.001), and longer ventriculo-atrial times (mean maximum ventriculo-atrial times of 283±116 ms versus 208±42 ms;
P
=0.02) compared with those with DAPs without clinical permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia. DAPs and controls had similar rates of acute ablation success (23/26 [89%] versus 67/73 [92%];
P
=nonsignificant) and recurrences (1/23 [4%] versus 2/67 [3%];
P
=nonsignificant).

Conclusions—
The majority of pediatric patients with DAPs do not present with clinical permanent junctional reciprocating tachycardia. DAPs are associated with more severe symptoms, but ablation outcomes are similar to those of age-matched controls.
Pulmonary Vein Antral Isolation and Nonpulmonary Vein Trigger Ablation Are Sufficient to Achieve Favorable Long-Term Outcomes Including Transformation to Paroxysmal Arrhythmias in Patients With Persistent and Long-Standing Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Liang Jackson J. , Elafros Melissa A. , Muser Daniele , Pathak Rajeev K. , Santangeli Pasquale , Zado Erica S. , Frankel David S. , Supple Gregory E. , Schaller Robert D. , Deo Rajat , Garcia Fermin C. , Lin David , Hutchinson Mathew D. , Riley Michael P. , Callans David J. , Marchlinski Francis E. , Dixit Sanjay 
Published: October 2016

Background—
Transformation from persistent to paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) after ablation suggests modification of the underlying substrate. We examined the nature of initial arrhythmia recurrence in patients with nonparoxysmal AF undergoing antral pulmonary vein isolation and nonpulmonary vein trigger ablation and correlated recurrence type with long-term ablation efficacy after the last procedure.

Methods and Results—

Three hundred and seventeen consecutive patients with persistent (n=200) and long-standing persistent (n=117) AF undergoing first ablation were included. AF recurrence was defined as early (≤6 weeks) or late (>6 weeks after ablation) and paroxysmal (either spontaneous conversion or treated with cardioversion ≤7 days) or persistent (lasting >7 days). During median follow-up of 29.8 (interquartile range: 14.8–49.9) months, 221 patients had ≥1 recurrence. Initial recurrence was paroxysmal in 169 patients (76%) and persistent in 52 patients (24%). Patients experiencing paroxysmal (versus persistent) initial recurrence were more likely to achieve long-term freedom off antiarrhythmic drugs (hazard ratio, 2.2; 95% confidence interval, 1.5–3.2;
P
<0.0001), freedom on/off antiarrhythmic drugs (hazard ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.6–3.8;
P
<0.0001), and arrhythmia control (hazard ratio, 5.2; 95% confidence interval, 2.9–9.2;
P
<0.0001) after last ablation.

Conclusions—
In patients with persistent and long-standing persistent AF, limited ablation targeting pulmonary veins and documented nonpulmonary vein triggers improves the maintenance of sinus rhythm and reverses disease progression. Transformation to paroxysmal AF after initial ablation may be a step toward long-term freedom from recurrent arrhythmia.
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Associated With Blood Metabolite Concentrations and Their Alterations During a 4-Year Period in a Population-Based Cohort
Authors: Lacruz Maria Elena , Kluttig Alexander , Tiller Daniel , Medenwald Daniel , Giegling Ina , Rujescu Dan , Prehn Cornelia , Adamski Jerzy , Frantz Stefan , Greiser Karin Halina , Emeny Rebecca Thwing , Kastenmüller Gabi , Haerting Johannes 
Published: October 2016

Background—
The effects of lifestyle risk factors considered collectively on the human metabolism are to date unknown. We aim to investigate the association of these risk factors with metabolites and their changes during 4 years.

Methods and Results—
One hundred and sixty-three metabolites were measured in serum samples with the AbsoluteIDQ kit p150 (Biocrates) following a targeted metabolomics approach, in a population-based cohort of 1030 individuals, aged 45 to 83 years at baseline. We evaluated associations between metabolite concentrations (28 acylcarnitines, 14 amino acids, 9 lysophosphocholines, 72 phosphocholines, 10 sphingomyelins and sum of hexoses) and 5 lifestyle risk factors (body mass index [BMI], alcohol consumption, smoking, diet, and exercise). Multilevel or simple linear regression modeling adjusted for relevant covariates was used for the evaluation of cross-sectional or longitudinal associations, respectively; multiple testing correction was based on false discovery rate. BMI, alcohol consumption, and smoking were associated with lipid metabolism (reduced lyso- and acyl-alkyl-phosphatidylcholines and increased diacylphosphatidylcholines concentrations). Smoking showed positive associations with acylcarnitines, and BMI correlated inversely with nonessential amino acids. Fewer metabolites showed relative changes that were associated with baseline risk factors: increases in 5 different acyl-alkyl phosphatidylcholines were associated with lower alcohol consumption and BMI and with a healthier diet. Increased levels of tyrosine were associated with BMI. Sex-specific effects of smoking and BMI were found specifically related to acylcarnitine metabolism: in women higher BMI and in men more pack-years were associated with increases in acylcarnitines.

Conclusions—
This study showed sex-specific effects of lifestyle risks factors on human metabolism and highlighted their long-term metabolic consequences.
Zonal Transport from the Western Boundary and Its Role in Warm Water Volume Changes during ENSO
Authors: Lu Qing , Ruan Zhenxin , Wang Dong-Ping , Chen Dake , Wu Qiaoyan 
Published: October 2016

AbstractObservations from TRITON buoys in the warm/fresh pool and a global ocean general circulation model are used to study the interannual variability of the equatorial western Pacific and the relationship between the zonal warm water transport, meridional convergence, and the warm water volume (WWV). The simulated temperature, salinity, and zonal warm water transport are validated with the mooring observations for the period 2000–14. The model results are then used to examine the WWV balance in ENSO cycles in an extended period from 1980 to 2014. It is shown that the zonal transport is highly correlated with meridional convergence and leads by about 4–5 months, and their phase offset determines the WWV changes. This result differs from the recharge paradigm in which the meridional convergence is supposed to be mainly responsible for the WWV changes. There is also no apparent change in relationship between zonal and meridional transports since 2000, unlike that between WWV and SST. The study suggests that the zonal warm water transport from the western boundary could have major implications for ENSO dynamics.
Preparing Nursing Home Data from Multiple Sites for Clinical Research – A Case
Study Using Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics
Authors: Boyce Richard D. , Handler Steven M. , Karp Jordan F. , Perera Subashan , Reynolds, III Charles F. 
Published: October 2016

Introduction: A potential barrier to nursing home research is the limited
availability of research quality data in electronic form. We describe a case study of
converting electronic health data from five skilled nursing facilities to a research
quality longitudinal dataset by means of open-source tools produced by the Observational
Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) collaborative.Methods: The Long-Term Care
Minimum Data Set (MDS), drug dispensing , and fall incident data from five SNFs were
extracted, translated, and loaded into version 4 of the OHDSI common data model. Quality
assurance involved identifying errors using the Achilles data characterization tool and
comparing both quality measures and drug exposures in the new database for concordance
with externally available sources.Findings: Records for a total 4,519 patients (95.1%)
made it into the final database. Achilles identified 10 different types of errors that
were addressed in the final dataset. Drug exposures based on dispensing were generally
accurate when compared with medication administration data from the pharmacy services
provider. Quality measures were generally concordant between the new database and
Nursing Home Compare for measures with a prevalence ≥ 10%. Fall data recorded in MDS was
found to be more complete than data from fall incident reports.Conclusions: The new
dataset is ready to support observational research on topics of clinical importance in
the NH including patient-level prediction of falls. The extraction, translation, and
loading process enabled the use of OHDSI data characterization tools that improved the
quality of the final dataset.
Increased forest biomass production in the Nordic and Baltic countries – a review on current and future opportunities
Authors: Rytter Lars , Ingerslev Morten , Kilpeläinen Antti , Torssonen Piritta , Lazdina Dagnija , Löf Magnus , Madsen Palle , Muiste Peeter , Stener Lars-Göran 
Published: October 2016

The Nordic and Baltic countries are in the frontline of replacing fossil fuel with renewables. An important question is how forest management of the productive parts of this region can support a sustainable development of our societies in reaching low or carbon neutral conditions by 2050. This may involve a 70% increased consumption of biomass and waste to meet the goals. The present review concludes that a 50â100% increase of forest growth at the stand scale, relative to todayâs common level of forest productivity, is a realistic estimate within a stand rotation (~70Â years). Change of tree species, including the use of non-native species, tree breeding, introduction of high-productive systems with the opportunity to use nurse crops, fertilization and afforestation are powerful elements in an implementation and utilization of the potential. The productive forests of the Nordic and Baltic countries cover in total 63 million hectares, which corresponds to an average 51% land cover. The annual growth is 287 million m and the annual average harvest is 189 million m (65% of the growth). A short-term increase of wood-based bioenergy by utilizing more of the growth is estimated to be between 236 and 416 TWh depending on legislative and operational restrictions. Balanced priorities of forest functions and management aims such as nature conservation, biodiversity, recreation, game management, ground water protection etc. all need consideration. We believe that these aims may be combined at the landscape level in ways that do not conflict with the goals of reaching higher forest productivity and biomass production.33
Is the biochar produced from sewage sludge a good quality solid fuel?
Authors: Pulka Jakub , Wiśniewski Dariusz , Gołaszewski Janusz , Białowiec Andrzej 
Published: October 2016

Abstract
The influence of sewage sludge torrefaction temperature on fuel properties was investigated. Non-lignocellulosic waste thermal treatment experiment was conducted within 1 h residence time, under the following temperatures: 200, 220, 240, 260, 280 and 300°C. Sawdust was used as lignocellulosic reference material. The following parameters of biochar have been measured: moisture, higher heating value, ash content, volatile compounds and sulfur content. Sawdust biochar has been confirmed to be a good quality solid fuel. High ash and sulfur content may be an obstacle for biochar energy reuse. The best temperature profile for sawdust torrefaction and fuel production for 1 h residence time was 220°C. At this temperature the product contained 84% of initial energy while decreased the mass by 25%. The best temperature profile for sewage sludge was 240°C. The energy residue was 91% and the mass residue was 85%. Higher temperatures in both cases caused excessive mass and energy losses.
First report of mixed Entamoeba polecki (ST 1) and E. suis infection in piglets shedding abnormalfeces by histopathological and molecular surveys
Authors: Matsubayashi Makoto , Sasagawa Yuri , Aita Tsunehiko , Tokoro Masaharu , Haritani Makoto , Shibahara Tomoyuki 
Published: October 2016

AbstractOf the three species of
Tranmission pattern differences of miracidia and cercariae larval stages of digenetic trematode parasites
Authors: Zimmermann Michael R. , Luth Kyle E. , Esch Gerald W. 
Published: October 2016

AbstractDigenetic trematodes have complex life cycles involving multiple hosts and free-living larval stages. Some species have 2 lar-val stages that infect snails, with miracidia and cercariae using these molluscs as first and second intermediate hosts, respec-tively. Although both larval stages may infect the same snail species, this is accomplished using different chemical cues and may be influenced by different biotic and abiotic factors. Significant differences in the infection patterns of these parasitic stages regarding host size and density were observed in 2 separate field studies. The prevalence of sporocysts/rediae and mean abundance of
Development of a rapid and reliable assay for in vitro determination of compound cidality against the asexual stages of Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Viswanath Pavithra , Morayya Sapna , Rautela Nikhil , Sinha Achyut 
Published: October 2016

AbstractThe pace of anti-malarial drug discovery is often impeded due to the lack of tools to determine the cidality of compounds