bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using a butterflyfish genome as a general tool for RAD‐Seq studies in specialized reef fish
Authors: DiBattista Joseph D. , Saenz‐Agudelo Pablo , Piatek Marek J. , Wang Xin , Aranda Manuel , Berumen Michael L. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractData from a large‐scale restriction site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐Seq) study of nine butterflyfish species in the Red Sea and Arabian Sea provided a means to test the utility of a recently published draft genome (Chaetodon austriacus) and assess apparent bias in this method of isolating nuclear loci. We here processed double‐digest restriction site‐associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing data to identify single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers and their associated function with and without our reference genome to see whether it improves the quality of RAD‐Seq. Our analyses indicate (i) a modest gap between the number of nonannotated versus annotated SNPs across all species, (ii) an advantage of using genomic resources for closely related but not distantly related butterflyfish species based on the ability to assign putative gene function to SNPs and (iii) an enrichment of genes among sister butterflyfish taxa related to calcium transmembrane transport and binding. The latter result highlights the potential for this approach to reveal insights into adaptive mechanisms in populations inhabiting challenging coral reef environments such as the Red Sea, Arabian Sea and Arabian Gulf with further study.
The accuracy of timed maximum local anaesthetic dose calculations with an electronic calculator, nomogram, and pen and paper
Authors: Walker J. D. , Williams N. , Williams D. J. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryForty anaesthetists calculated maximum permissible doses of eight local anaesthetic formulations for simulated patients three times with three methods: an electronic calculator; nomogram; and pen and paper. Correct dose calculations with the nomogram (85/120) were more frequent than with the calculator (71/120) or pen and paper (57/120), Bayes Factor 4 and 287, p = 0.01 and p = 0.0003, respectively. The rates of calculations at least 120% the recommended dose with each method were different, Bayes Factor 7.9, p = 0.0007: 14/120 with the calculator; 5/120 with the nomogram; 13/120 with pen and paper. The median (IQR [range]) speed of calculation with pen and paper, 38.0 (25.0–56.3 [5–142]) s, was slower than with the calculator, 24.5 (17.8–37.5 [6–204]) s, p = 0.0001, or nomogram, 23.0 (18.0–29.0 [4–100]) s, p = 1 × 10−7. Local anaesthetic dose calculations with the nomogram were more accurate than with an electronic calculator or pen and paper and were faster than with pen and paper.
Antazoline—insights into drug‐induced electrocardiographic and hemodynamic effects: Results of the ELEPHANT II substudy
Authors: Piotrowski Roman , Giebułtowicz Joanna , Baran Jakub , Sikorska Agnieszka , Gralak‐Łachowska Dagmara , Soszyńska Małgorzata , Wroczyński Piotr , Kułakowski Piotr 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundAntazoline is an old antihistaminic and new antiarrhythmic agent with unknown mechanisms of action which recently has been shown to effectively terminate atrial fibrillation. The aim of study was to examine the effects of antazoline on hemodynamic and ECG parameters.MethodsAntazoline was given intravenously in three 100 mg boluses to 10 healthy volunteers (four males, mean age 40 + 11 years). Hemodynamic and ECG parameters were measured using impedance cardiography [systolic (sBP), diastolic (dBP), mean (mBP) blood pressure, stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), total peripheral resistance (TPR) and heart rate (HR), P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, QT and corrected QT (QTcF) interval]. Plasma concentration of antazoline was also measured.ResultsAntazoline caused significant prolongation of P wave, QRS as well as QT and QTcF (101 ± 10 vs 110 ± 16 ms, p < .05, and 101 ± 12 vs 107 ± 12 ms, p < .05, 399 ± 27 vs 444 ± 23 ms, p < .05, and 403 ± 21 vs 448 ± 27 ms, p < .05, respectively). Also, a significant decrease in SV was noted (94.9 ± 21.8 vs 82.4 ± 19.6 ml, p < .05). A significant correlation between changes in plasma drug concentration and changes in CO, HR, and dBP was found.ConclusionsAntazoline impairs slightly hemodynamics, significantly reducing SV. Significant prolongation of P wave and QRS duration corresponds to drug‐induced prolongation of conduction, whereas QT prolongation represents drug‐induced prolongation of repolarization.
Use of hormone replacement therapy after risk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy
Authors: Johansen Nora , Liavaag Astrid H. , Iversen Ole‐Erik , Dørum Anne , Braaten Tonje , Michelsen Trond M. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractIntroductionAfter premenopausal risk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy (RRSO) to prevent ovarian cancer, the non‐cancer‐related morbidity and mortality may be increased if sex hormones are not replaced. Several guidelines recommend systemic hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to these women until the expected age of menopause. We aimed to study the use of HRT after RRSO.Material and methodsParticipants were 324 women after RRSO and 11 160 postmenopausal controls. A subsample of 950 controls had undergone bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy (BSO). All participants completed the same questionnaire regarding HRT use. We compared HRT use in the RRSO group with the BSO controls using logistic regression.ResultsAmong the women aged ≤52 years without a history of breast cancer, 51.7% of the RRSO group and 48.7% of the BSO controls reported current use of systemic HRT (odds ratio 1.13, 95% confidence interval 0.72–1.76). Among the HRT users, systemic estrogen was used by 35.1% and 58.7% in the RRSO and BSO control groups, respectively (p = 0.001). Among the women aged >52 years, 16.8% of the RRSO group and 38.4% of the BSO controls (p < 0.001) used systemic HRT.ConclusionsAmong the RRSO women and BSO controls ≤52 years old without a history of breast cancer, relatively few were current users. If there are no contraindications, these women would benefit from systemic HRT. Additionally, almost 40% of the BSO controls >52 years used systemic HRT. Doctors should be aware of this practice and prescribe systemic HRT when indicated.
Prevalence of kidney stones in China: an ultrasonography based cross‐sectional study
Authors: Zeng Guohua , Mai Zanlin , Xia Shujie , Wang Zhiping , Zhang Keqin , Wang Li , Long Yongfu , Ma Jinxiang , Li Yi , Wan Show P. , Wu Wenqi , Liu Yongda , Cui Zelin , Zhao Zhijian , Qin Jing , Zeng Tao , Liu Yang , Duan Xiaolu , Mai Xin , Yang Zhou , Kong Zhenzhen , Zhang Tao , Cai Chao , Shao Yi , Yue Zhongjin , Li Shujing , Ding Jiandong , Tang Shan , Ye Zhangqun 
Published: February 2017

ObjectivesTo investigate the prevalence and associated factors of kidney stones among adults in China.Subjects and MethodsA nationwide cross‐sectional survey was conducted among individuals aged ≥18 years across China, from May 2013 to July 2014. Participants underwent urinary tract ultrasonographic examinations, completed pre‐designed and standardised questionnaires, and provided blood and urine samples for analysis. Kidney stones were defined as particles of ≥4 mm. Prevalence was defined as the proportion of participants with kidney stones and binary logistic regression was used to estimate the associated factors.ResultsA total of 12 570 individuals (45.2% men) with a mean (sd, range) age of 48.8 (15.3, 18–96) years were selected and invited to participate in the study. In all, 9310 (40.7% men) participants completed the investigation, with a response rate of 74.1%. The prevalence of kidney stones was 6.4% [95% confidence interval (CI) 5.9, 6.9], and the age‐ and sex‐adjusted prevalence was 5.8% (95% CI 5.3, 6.3; 6.5% in men and 5.1% in women). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that male gender, rural residency, age, family history of urinary stones, concurrent diabetes mellitus and hyperuricaemia, increased consumption of meat, and excessive sweating were all statistically significantly associated with a greater risk of kidney stones. By contrast, consumption of more tea, legumes, and fermented vinegar was statistically significantly associated with a lesser risk of kidney stone formation.ConclusionKidney stones are common among Chinese adults, with about one in 17 adults affected currently. Some Chinese dietary habits may lower the risk of kidney stone formation.
Influence of the Laurentide Ice Sheet and relative sea‐level changes on sediment dynamics in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence since the last deglaciation
Authors: Casse Marie , Montero‐Serrano Jean‐Carlos , St‐Onge Guillaume 
Published: February 2017

Physical properties, grain size, bulk mineralogy, elemental geochemistry and magnetic parameters of three sediment piston cores recovered in the Laurentian Channel from its head to its mouth were investigated to reconstruct changes in detrital sediment provenance and transport related to climate variability since the last deglaciation. The comparison of the detrital proxies indicates the succession of two sedimentary regimes in the Estuary and Gulf of St. Lawrence (EGSL) during the Holocene, which are associated with the melting history of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) and relative sea‐level changes. During the early Holocene (10–8.5 cal. kaBP), high sedimentation rates together with mineralogical, geochemical and magnetic signatures indicate that sedimentation in theEGSLwas mainly controlled by meltwater discharges from the local retreat of the southeastern margin of theLISon the Canadian Shield. At this time, sediment‐laden meltwater plumes caused the accumulation of fine‐grained sediments in the ice‐distal zones. Since the mid‐Holocene, postglacial movements of the continental crust, related to the withdrawal of theLIS(c. 6 cal. kaBP), have triggered significant variations in relative sea level (RSL) in theEGSL. The significant correlation between theRSLcurves and the mineralogical, geochemical, magnetic and grain‐size data suggest that theRSLwas the dominant force acting on the sedimentary dynamics of theEGSLduring the mid‐to‐late Holocene. Beyond 6 cal. kaBP, characteristic mineralogical, geochemical, magnetic signatures and diffuse spectral reflectance data suggest that the Canadian Maritime Provinces and western Newfoundland coast are the primary sources for detrital sediments in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, with the Canadian Shield acting as a secondary source. Conversely, in the lower St. Lawrence Estuary, detrital sediments are mainly supplied by the Canadian Shield province. Finally, our results suggest that the modern sedimentation regime in theEGSLwas established during the mid‐Holocene.
Late‐Holocene wind‐field evolution at the southern Baltic coast as revealed by GPR data from the Mrzeżyno dunefield, NW Poland
Authors: Żuk Tomasz , Sydor Paweł , Sambrook Smith Gregory H. 
Published: February 2017

All dunes within a dunefield usually show a similar response to the wind regime. However, in the late‐Holocene coastal dunefield in NW Poland the surface topography suggests that slipface orientation may vary significantly with distance from the coast, which is rarely reported in the literature. The dunefield was stabilized with forest in the mid‐19th century, preserving a unique record of atmospheric circulation in the South Baltic region at the end of the Little Ice Age. To elucidate the Holocene processes occurring along the study site a pseudo‐3D GPR data set was collected. Six grids of parallel GPR lines combined with 400 m of GPR profiles (2D) were collected across the dunefield and displayed using GOCAD for interpretation and geostatistical analysis. The geophysical data revealed that the larger dunes almost entirely consist of steeply laminated facies. Most importantly the pseudo‐3D data, supported by geostatistical estimates of strata dip directions, revealed the existence of three zones parallel to the coastline with the mean dip direction almost perpendicular to the coast in the northern coastal strip and almost parallel to it in the southern part. Spreads of the dip directions in pseudo‐3D GPR data sets recorded on the stoss slopes of dunes and crests suggested initial deposition on transverse dunes, which later were transformed into barchanoid dunes. This can probably be linked to changes in the wind regime, i.e. reduction in velocity of the northern and northwestern winds leading to reduced sediment supply from the coast. While the data provide a new interpretation of Holocene dunefield dynamics at this site, they also suggest that the minimum number of pseudo‐3D GPR grids required to establish general trends using geostatistical analysis should be at least 10, with even more data needed at larger, or more complex dunefields.
The distribution and utility of sea‐level indicators in Eurasian sub‐Arctic salt marshes (White Sea, Russia)
Authors: Kemp Andrew C. , Horton Benjamin P. , Nikitina Daria , Vane Christopher H. , Potapova Marina , Weber‐Bruya Elizabeth , Culver Stephen J. , Repkina Tatyana , Hill David F. 
Published: February 2017

In support of efforts to reconstruct relative sea level (RSL), we investigated the utility of foraminifera, diatoms and bulk‐sediment geochemistry (δ13C, C:N and parameters measured by Rock‐Eval pyrolysis) as sea‐level indicators in Eurasian sub‐Arctic salt marshes. At three salt marshes (<15 km apart) in Dvina Bay (White Sea, Russia), we collected surface sediment samples along transects from subtidal to Taiga forest environments. Foraminifera at all sites formed bipartite assemblages, where elevations below mean high higher water (MHHW) were dominated by Miliammina spp. and elevations between MHHW and the highest occurrence of foraminifera were dominated by Jadammina macrescens and Balticammina pseudomacrescens. Five high‐diversity groups of diatoms were identified and they displayed pronounced variability amongst the study sites. Bulk‐sediment geochemistry recognized two groups (clastic‐dominated environments below MHHW and organic‐rich environments above MHHW). As one group included subtidal elevations and the other included supratidal elevations, we conclude that the measured geochemical parameters are not stand‐alone sea‐level indicators. Core JT2012 captured a regressive sediment succession of clastic, tidal‐flat sediment overlain by salt‐marsh organic silt and freshwater peat. The salt‐marsh sediment accumulated at 2804±52 years before present and preserved foraminifera (Jadammina macrescens and Balticammina pseudomacrescens) with good analogy to modern assemblages indicating that RSL was +2.60±0.47 m at this time. Diatoms confirm that marine influence decreased through time, but the lack of analogy between modern and core assemblages limited their utility as sea‐level indicators. Geochemical parameters also indicate a reduction in marine influence through time. We conclude that RSL reconstructions derived from salt‐marsh sediment preserved beneath Eurasian sub‐Arctic peatlands can provide valuable insight into the spatio‐temporal evolution of the Fennoscandian and Eurasian ice sheets.
Review of xanthomatous lesions of the sella
Authors: Kleinschmidt‐DeMasters B.K. , Lillehei Kevin O. , Hankinson Todd C. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractXanthomatous lesions of the sellar region have traditionally been divided into two separate categories, xanthomatous hypophysitis (XH) and xanthogranuloma (XG) of the sellar region. The seminal article on XH, a condition typified by foamy histiocytes and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates in the pituitary gland/sellar region, but usually little or no hemosiderin pigment, detailed three patients. However, most reports since that time have been single cases, making understanding of the entity difficult. In contrast, the seminal report on XG, characterized by sellar region cholesterol clefts, lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates, marked hemosiderin deposits, fibrosis, multinucleated giant cells around cholesterol clefts, eosinophilic granular necrotic debris, and accumulation of macrophages, included 37 patients, allowing more insights into etiology. Few examples could be linked to adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, and although ciliated epithelium similar to that of Rathke cleft cyst (RCC) was identified up to 35% of the 37 cases, it could not be proven that XG was related to hemorrhage into RCC. Case reports since that time, however, occasionally linked XG to RCC when an etiology could be identified at all, and a few recognized that a spectrum exists in xanthomatous lesions of the sella. They review literature, adding 23 cases from our own experience, to confirm that overlap occurs between XH and XG, and that the majority—but not all—can be linked to RCC leakage/rupture/hemorrhage. It was suggested that progressive accumulation of hemosiderin pigment in the lesion, possibly caused by the multiple episodes of bleeding, could account for the transition of at least some cases of XH to XG.
Adiponectin improves endothelial function in mesenteric arteries of rats fed a high‐fat diet: role of perivascular adipose tissue
Authors: Sena Cristina M , Pereira Ana , Fernandes Rosa , Letra Liliana , Seiça Raquel M 
Published: February 2017

Background and PurposeAdiponectin, the most abundant peptide secreted by adipocytes, is involved in the regulation of energy metabolism and vascular physiology. Here, we have investigated the effects of exogenous administration of adiponectin on metabolism, vascular reactivity and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) of mesenteric arteries in Wistar rats fed a high‐fat diet.Experimental ApproachThe effects of adiponectin on NO‐dependent and independent vasorelaxation were investigated in isolated mesenteric arteries from 12‐month‐old male Wistar rats (W12m) fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) for 4 months and compared with those from age‐matched rats given a control diet. Adiponectin ((96 μg·day−1) was administered by continuous infusion with a minipump, implanted subcutaneously, for 28 days.Key ResultsChronic adiponectin treatment reduced body weight, total cholesterol, free fatty acids, fasting glucose and area under the curve of intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, compared with HFD rats. It also normalized NO‐dependent vasorelaxation increasing endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in mesenteric arteries of HFD rats. In PVAT from aged (W12m) and HFD rats there was increased expression of chemokines and pro‐inflammatory adipokines, the latter being important contributors to endothelial dysfunction. Infusion of adiponectin reduced these changes.Conclusions and ImplicationsAdiponectin normalized endothelial cell function by a mechanism that involved increased eNOS phoshorylation and decreased PVAT inflammation. Detailed characterization of the adiponectin signalling pathway in the vasculature and perivascular fat is likely to provide novel approaches to the management of atherosclerosis and metabolic disease.Linked ArticlesThis article is part of a themed section on Molecular Mechanisms Regulating Perivascular Adipose Tissue – Potential Pharmacological Targets? To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.20/issuetoc
The Interplay Among Children's Negative Family Representations, Visual Processing of Negative Emotions, and Externalizing Symptoms
Authors: Davies Patrick T. , Coe Jesse L. , Hentges Rochelle F. , Sturge‐Apple Melissa L. , van der Kloet Erika 
Published: February 2017

This study examined the transactional interplay among children's negative family representations, visual processing of negative emotions, and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 243 preschool children (Mage = 4.60 years). Children participated in three annual measurement occasions. Cross‐lagged autoregressive models were conducted with multimethod, multi‐informant data to identify mediational pathways. Consistent with schema‐based top‐down models, negative family representations were associated with attention to negative faces in an eye‐tracking task and their externalizing symptoms. Children's negative representations of family relationships specifically predicted decreases in their attention to negative emotions, which, in turn, was associated with subsequent increases in their externalizing symptoms. Follow‐up analyses indicated that the mediational role of diminished attention to negative emotions was particularly pronounced for angry faces.
The sensitization pattern differs according to rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity in adults: the EGEA study
Authors: Burte E. , Bousquet J. , Siroux V. , Just J. , Jacquemin B. , Nadif R. 
Published: February 2017

SummaryBackgroundMono‐ and polysensitization are different IgE‐mediated allergic phenotypes in children. Allergic sensitization is associated with both allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, however, associations between the sensitization pattern and particularly polysensitization with asthma and rhinitis remains poorly studied in adults.AimThe aim of this study was to assess how the allergic sensitization pattern associates with asthma, rhinitis and their multimorbidity.Methods1199 adults from the EGEA study, with extensive phenotypic characterization and all data available on skin prick tests to 10 allergens, total IgE and blood eosinophils were included. Using questionnaires only, participants were classified into 6 groups: asymptomatic (no asthma, no rhinitis), non‐allergic rhinitis alone, allergic rhinitis alone, asthma alone, asthma+non‐allergic rhinitis and asthma+allergic rhinitis. Mono‐ and polysensitization were defined by a positive skin prick test to one or more than one allergen respectively.ResultsAsymptomatic participants and those with non‐allergic rhinitis alone were mostly non‐sensitized (around 72%) while around 12% were polysensitized. Between 32% and 43% of participants with allergic rhinitis alone, asthma alone and asthma+non‐allergic rhinitis were non‐sensitized and between 37% and 46% of them were polysensitized. 65% of the participants with asthma+allergic rhinitis were polysensitized. The level of total IgE followed a similar trend to that of allergic sensitization. Eosinophils were increased in asthma, especially when associated with rhinitis. Nasal symptoms were more severe and eczema more common in participants with both asthma and allergic rhinitis than in the other groups.ConclusionsAllergic sensitization and particularly polysensitization rates widely differ according to asthma and rhinitis status. This study emphasized the importance of taking into account multimorbidity between asthma and rhinitis and showed that allergic sensitization is not a dichotomic variable.
The role of genomics in common variable immunodeficiency disorders
Authors: Kienzler A-K , Hargreaves C E , Patel S Y 
Published: February 2017

Summary
The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and ‘omic’ technologies has revolutionized the field of genetics, and its implementation in health care has the potential to realize precision medicine. Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are a group of rare diseases which have benefited from NGS, with a massive increase in causative genes identified in the past few years. Common variable immunodeficiency disorders (CVID) are a heterogeneous form of PID and the most common form of antibody failure in children and adults. While a monogenic cause of disease has been identified in a small subset of CVID patients, a genomewide association study and whole genome sequencing have found that, in the majority, a polygenic cause is likely. Other NGS technologies such as RNA sequencing and epigenetic studies have contributed further to our understanding of the contribution of altered gene expression in CVID pathogenesis. We believe that to unravel further the complexities of CVID, a multi-omic approach, combining DNA sequencing with gene expression, methylation, proteomic and metabolomics data, will be essential to identify novel disease-associated pathways and therapeutic targets.