bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring Doping Mechanisms and Modulating Carrier Concentration in Copper Iodide: Applications in Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Kim Ga Hye , Kim Hyeon‐Beom , Lee Hyungseok , Cho Jae‐Hyeok , Ryu Jun , Kang Dong‐Won , Chung In , Jang Hyejin , Ahn Kyunghan , Kim Myung‐Gil 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDue to its small hole‐effective mass, flexibility, and transparency, copper iodide (CuI) has emerged as a promising p‐type alternative to the predominantly used n‐type metal oxide semiconductors. However, the lack of effective doping methods hinders the utility of CuI in various applications. Sulfur (S)‐doping through liquid iodination is previously reported to significantly enhance electrical conductivity up to 511 S cm−1. In this paper, the underlying doping mechanism with various S‐dopants is explored, and suggested a method for controlling electrical conductivity, which is important to various applications, especially thermoelectric (TE) materials. Subsequently, electric and TE properties are systematically controlled by adjusting the carrier concentration from 3.0 × 1019 to 4.5 × 1020 cm−3, and accurately measured thermal conductivity with respect to carrier concentration and film thickness. Sulfur‐doped CuI (CuI:S) thin films exhibited a maximum power factor of 5.76 µW cm−1 K−2 at a carrier concentration of 1.3 × 1020 cm−3, and a TE figure of merit (ZT) of 0.25. Furthermore, a transparent and flexible TE power generator is developed, with an impressive output power density of 43 nW cm−2 at a temperature differential of 30 K. Mechanical durability tests validated the potential of CuI:S films in transparent and flexible TE applications.
Ultra‐Strong Protein‐Based Hydrogels via Promoting Intermolecular Entanglement of the Amorphous Region
Authors: Fu Yu , Lin Qinrui , Lan Ruoqi , Shao Zhengzhong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractProteins are classified as biopolymers which share similar structural features with semi‐crystalline polymers. Although their unique biocompatibility facilitates the universal applications of protein‐based hydrogels in the biomedical field, the mechanical performances of protein‐based hydrogels fall short of practical requirements. Conventional strategies for enhancing mechanical properties focus on forming regularly folded secondary structures as analogs of crystalline regions. This concept is based on proteins as the analogy of semi‐crystalline polymers, in which crystalline regions profoundly contribute to the mechanical performances. Even though the contribution of the amorphous region is equally weighted for semi‐crystalline polymers, their capacity to improve the mechanical performances of protein‐based structures is still undervalued. Herein, the potential of promoting the mechanical performances is explored by controlling the state of amorphous regions in protein‐based hydrogels. A fibril protein is chosen, regenerated silk fibroin (RSF), as a model molecule for its similar viscoelasticity with a semi‐crystalline polymer. The amorphous regions in the RSF hydrogels are transformed from extended to entangled states through a double‐crosslinking method. The formation of entanglement integrates new physically crosslinked points for remarkable improvement in mechanical performances. A robust hydrogel is not only developed but also intended to provide new insights into the structural‐property relationship of protein‐based hydrogels.
Scalable Graphene Oxide Hollow Fiber Membranes for Dye Desalination Enabled by Multi‐Purpose Polyamine Functionalization
Authors: Tandel Ameya Manoj , Agarwal Manas , Deng Erda , Zhu Lingxiang , Friedman Kaleb , Yu Miao , Cheng Chong , Lin Haiqing 
Published: September 2024

Abstract2D nanosheets such as graphene oxide (GO) can be stacked to construct membranes with fine‐tuned nanochannels to achieve molecular sieving ability. These membranes are often thin to achieve high water permeance, but their fabrication with consistent nanostructures on a large scale presents an enormous challenge. Herein, GO‐based hollow fiber membranes (HFMs) are developed for dye desalination by synergistically combining chemical etching to form in‐plane nanopores (10–30 nm) to increase water permeance and polyamine functionalization to improve underwater stability and enable facile large‐scale production using existing membrane manufacturing processes. HFM modules with areas of 88 cm2 and GO layer thicknesses of ≈500 nm are fabricated, and they exhibited a stable dye water permeance of 75 L m−2 h−1 bar−1, rejection of >99.5% for Direct red and Congo red, and Na2SO4/dye separation factor of 300–500, superior to state‐of‐the‐art commercial membranes. The versatility of this approach is also demonstrated using different short polyamines and porous substrates. This study reveals a scalable way of designing 2D materials into high‐performance robust membranes for practical applications.
Modulating Interfacial Zn2+ Desolvation and Transport Kinetics through Coordination Interaction toward Stable Anodes in Aqueous Zn‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gao Jiechang , Xie Yawen , Wang Lei , Zeng Pan , Zhang Liang 
Published: September 2024

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising candidates for grid‐scale energy‐storage applications, but uneven Zn2+ flux distribution and undesirable water‐related interfacial side reactions seriously hinder their practical application. Herein, a strategy of regulating the coordination interaction between Zn2+ and artificial interphase layers (AILs) to modulate the interfacial Zn2+ desolvation/transport behaviors and relieve side reactions for building stable Zn anodes is proposed. By selectively choosing appropriate polymers with different functional groups, it is shown that compared with the strong interaction offered by aryl groups in polystyrene‐based AILs, cyano groups in polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based AILs provide a moderate coordination interaction with Zn2+, which not only accelerates interfacial Zn2+desolvation kinetics but also enables efficient Zn2+ transport within AILs. Moreover, the Zn2+ transport kinetics of PAN‐based AILs can be further enhanced with the incorporation of an ionic conductor, zinc phosphate (ZP). Because of these advantages, the Zn anodes decorated with the hybrid AILs composed of PAN and ZP can steadily operate for >2000 h at 0.2 mA cm−2 and >350 h at a high current density of 10 mA cm−2. This work provides a valuable guideline for selective design of AILs at the molecular level for durable AZIBs.
Mechanism of Pressure‐Modulated Self‐Trapped Exciton Emission in Cs2TeCl6 Double Perovskite
Authors: Shi Han , Chen Lin , Moutaabbid Hicham , Feng Zhenbao , Zhang Guozhao , Wang Lingrui , Li Yinwei , Guo Haizhong , Liu Cailong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPressure‐modulated self‐trapped exciton (STE) emission mechanism in all‐inorganic lead‐free metal halide double perovskites characterized by large Stokes‐shifted broadband emission, has attracted much attention across various fields such as optics, optoelectronics, and biomedical sciences. Here, by employing the all‐inorganic lead‐free metal halide double perovskite Cs2TeCl6 as a paradigm, the authors elucidate that the performance of STE emission can be modulated by pressure, attributable to the pressure‐induced evolution of the electronic state (ES). Two ES transitions happen at pressures of 1.6 and 5.8 GPa, sequentially. The electronic behaviors of Cs2TeCl6 can be jointly modulated by both pressure and ES transitions. When the pressure reaches 1.6 GPa, the Huang–Rhys factor S, indicative of the strength of electron‐phonon coupling, attains an optimum value of ≈12.0, correlating with the pressure‐induced photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Cs2TeCl6 is 4.8‐fold that of its PL intensity under ambient pressure. Through analyzing the pressure‐dependent STE dynamic behavioral changes, the authors have revealed the microphysical mechanism underlying the pressure‐modulated enhancement and quenching of STE emission in Cs2TeCl6.
Reaction‐Driven Migration Dynamics of Nano‐Metal Particles Unraveled by Quantitative Electron Microscopies
Authors: Zhao Bing , Zhang Fan , Gao Deyang , Meng Gang , Li Hua , Liu Wei , Ye Mao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe stability of supported nano‐metal catalysts holds significant importance in both scientific and economic practice, beyond the long pursuit of enhanced activity. While previous efforts have concentrated on augmenting the interaction between nano‐metals and carriers, in the thermodynamic macro‐perspective, to achieve optimized repression upon particle migration coalescence and Ostwald ripening, nevertheless, the microscale kinetics of migrating catalyst particles driven by the reaction remains unknown. In this work, the migration of nano‐copper particles is investigated during hydrogen oxidation reaction by utilizing high spatiotemporal resolution of environmental transmission electron microscopy. It is shown that there exists a delicate correlation between the migration dynamics of nano‐copper particles and the evolution of asymmetrically distributed Cu and Cu2O phases over the particle surface. It is found that the interplay of reduction and oxidation near the surface areas filled with Cu and Cu2O phases can facilitate the pressure gradient, which drives the migration of nano‐particles. A driving force model is therefore established which is capable of qualitatively explaining the influences of reaction conditions such as temperature and hydrogen‐to‐oxygen ratio on the reaction‐driven particle migration. This work adds a potential yet critical perspective to understanding particle migration and thus the nano‐metal catalyst particle sintering in heterogeneous catalysis.
Blocking IL‐23 Signaling Mitigates Cigarette Smoke‐Induced Murine Emphysema
Authors: Tian Xue , Wang Shaohua , Zhang Chujie , Prakash Y. S. , Vassallo Robert 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTInflammatory cell infiltration is a characteristic feature of COPD and correlates directly with the severity of the disease. Interleukin‐23 (IL‐23) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine that regulates Th‐17 inflammation, which mediates many pathophysiological events in COPD. The primary goal of this study was to determine the role of IL‐23 as a mediator of key pathologic processes in cigarette smoke‐induced COPD. In this study, we report an increase in IL23 gene expression in the lung biopsies of COPD patients compared to controls and identified a positive correlation between IL23 gene expression and disease severity. In a cigarette smoke‐induced murine emphysema model, the suppression of IL‐23 with a monoclonal blocking antibody reduced the severity of cigarette smoke‐induced murine emphysema. Mechanistically, the suppression of IL‐23 was associated with a reduction in immune cell infiltration, oxidative stress injury, and apoptosis, suggesting a role for IL‐23 as an essential immune mediator of the inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of CS‐induced emphysema.
Magnetic Tape Head Tweezers for Novel Protein Nanomechanics Applications
Authors: Tapia-Rojo Rafael 
Published: September 2024

AbstractOver the past few decades, magnetic tape heads have been perfected to allow for the application of strong magnetic fields that can be modulated at very high frequencies, meeting the technological demands of high-density magnetic recording. Hence, exploring their implementation in modern magnetic tweezers force spectroscopy seems like a natural approach. Here, recent developments in magnetic tweezers instrumentation related to the use of magnetic tape heads will be reviewed.
Magnetic Control of Flow and Mass Transfer in Weakly Conducting Fluids
Authors: Mutschke Gerd 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMagnetic fields may be utilized for controlling flow and mass transfer in fluids. This review focuses on lab-scale applications in weakly conducting aqueous liquids and summarizes work I was involved in over the past 20 years. Control can easily be achieved by applying a current and taking advantage of the Lorentz force. If magnetic ions or molecules are involved, also the Kelvin force can be utilized. The examples given range from flow control at hydrofoils in marine applications to electrochemical applications with gas evolution and of metal deposition.
Retrospektive Analyse des Schockraummanagements nichttraumatologisch kritisch kranker Kinder in einer universitären zentralen Notaufnahme (OBSERvE-DUS-PED-Studie)
Authors: Priebe Claudia , Bosse Hans Martin , Michael Mark , Picker Olaf , Bernhard Michael , Tautz Juliane 
Published: September 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Etablierung eines nichttraumatologischen Schockraummanagements für kritisch kranke Kinder erscheint sinnvoll. In der vorliegenden Studie wurden Versorgungsdaten kritisch kranker nichttraumatologischer pädiatrischer Schockraumpatienten erhoben.

Methoden
In der retrospektiven OBSERvE-DUS-PED-Studie (November 2019 bis Oktober 2022) wurden pädiatrische Patienten (Alter < 18 Jahre), die eine Schockraumversorgung aus nichttraumatologischer Ursache benötigten und der zentralen Notaufnahme zugeführt wurden, erfasst. Die routinemäßig dokumentierten Versorgungsdaten wurden gemäß dem OBSERvE-Datensatz dem Krankenhausinformationssystem MEDICO® und dem Patientendatenmanagementsystem COPRA® entnommen. Ein positives Ethikvotum der Medizinischen Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität lag vor (2023-2377).

Ergebnisse
Für den 3‑jährigen Untersuchungszeitraum konnten 52 Schockraumpatienten evaluiert werden, wobei in der Kohorte Jugendliche zwischen 14 und 17 Jahren mit 37 % am häufigsten und Neugeborene/Säuglinge (0–1 Jahr) mit 8 % am seltensten vertreten waren. Die führenden Symptome, kategorisiert nach ABCDE-Problemen, waren Vigilanzminderung (D): 61 %, Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand (C): 25 %, respiratorische Insuffizienz (B): 6 %, Atemwegsverlegung (A) und Umfeldfaktoren (E-Probleme) jeweils in 4 %. Prähospitale bzw. innerklinische Notfallmaßnahmen erfolgten in folgender Häufigkeit: peripherer (58 vs. 65 %), intraossärer (14 vs. 2 %) und zentraler Venenzugang (0 vs. 12 %), invasives Atemwegsmanagement (35 % vs. 8 %), kardiopulmonale Reanimation (21 vs. 10 %), Katecholamintherapie (15 vs. 17 %) und intraarterielle Druckmessung (0 vs. 17 %). Die mittlere Schockraumversorgungsdauer betrug 70 ± 43 min. Die 30-Tages-Letalität betrug 17 %.

Schlussfolgerung
Die OBSERvE-DUS-PED-Studie zeigt die besonderen Herausforderungen nichttraumatologisch kritisch kranker Kinder in der prähospitalen und innerklinischen Versorgung. Die Vielfalt und Komplexität der Einweisungsdiagnosen sowie die unmittelbare vitale Bedrohung der Patienten lassen es sinnvoll erscheinen, derartige Patienten aufgrund der vorhandenen materiellen, infrastrukturellen und personellen Ressourcen in einer zentralen Notaufnahme primär zu behandeln.
Dissecting the genetic basis of resistance to Soil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV) in durum wheat by bi-parental mapping and GWAS
Authors: Bruschi Martina , Bozzoli Matteo , Ratti Claudio , Sciara Giuseppe , Goudemand Ellen , Devaux Pierre , Ormanbekova Danara , Forestan Cristian , Corneti Simona , Stefanelli Sandra , Castelletti Sara , Fusari Elena , Novi Jad B , Frascaroli Elisabetta , Salvi Silvio , Perovic Dragan , Gadaleta Agata , Rubies-Autonell Concepcion , Sanguineti Maria Corinna , Tuberosa Roberto , Maccaferri Marco 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSoil-borne cereal mosaic virus (SBCMV), the causative agent of wheat mosaic, is a Furovirus challenging wheat production all over Europe. Differently from bread wheat, durum wheat shows greater susceptibility and stronger yield penalties, so identification and genetic characterization of resistance sources are major targets for durum genetics and breeding. The Sbm1 locus providing high level of resistance to SBCMV was mapped in bread wheat to the 5DL chromosome arm (Bass in Genome 49:1140–1148, 2006). This excluded the direct use of Sbm1 for durum wheat improvement. Only one major QTL has been mapped in durum wheat, namely QSbm.ubo-2B, on the 2BS chromosome region coincident with Sbm2, already known in bread wheat as reported (Bayles in HGCA Project Report, 2007). Therefore, QSbm.ubo-2B = Sbm2 is considered a pillar for growing durum in SBCMV-affected areas. Herein, we report the fine mapping of Sbm2 based on bi-parental mapping and GWAS, using the Infinium 90 K SNP array and high-throughput KASP®. Fine mapping pointed out a critical haploblock of 3.2 Mb defined by concatenated SNPs successfully converted to high-throughput KASP® markers coded as KUBO. The combination of KUBO-27, wPt-2106-ASO/HRM, KUBO-29, and KUBO-1 allows unequivocal tracing of the Sbm2-resistant haplotype. The interval harbors 52 high- and 41 low-confidence genes, encoding 17 cytochrome p450, three receptor kinases, two defensins, and three NBS-LRR genes. These results pave the way for Sbm2 positional cloning. Importantly, the development of Sbm2 haplotype tagging KASP® provides a valuable case study for improving efficacy of the European variety testing system and, ultimately, the decision-making process related to varietal characterization and choice.
Daily physical activity and prognostic implications in patients with heart failure: an accelerometer study
Authors: Tinggaard Andreas Bugge , Sørensen Lotte , Vissing Kristian , Jessen Niels , Nørrelund Helene , Wiggers Henrik 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Physical activity (PA) measured by accelerometry is proposed as a novel trial endpoint for heart failure (HF). However, standardised methods and associations with established markers are lacking. This study aimed to examine PA measurements and accelerometer repeatability in patients with HF and age- and sex-matched controls, and study correlations with established prognostic HF markers, body composition, and quality of life (QoL).

Methods
Accelerometry was performed in 105 patients with HF with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤ 40% and in 46 controls. Participants also underwent dual X-ray absorptiometry, cardiopulmonary exercise testing, a six-minute walking test (6MWT), echocardiography, and NT-proBNP measurement, and completed a QoL questionnaire.

Results
Average acceleration was markedly reduced in patients with HF compared with healthy controls (16.1 ± 4.8 mg vs 27.2 ± 8.5 mg, p < 0.001). Healthy controls spent a median daily 56 min (IQR 41–96 min) in moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), whereas HF patients spent only 12 min (IQR 6–24) in MVPA. In HF patients, average acceleration correlated moderately with 6MWT (R = 0.41, p < 0.001) and maximal oxygen uptake (peak VO2) (R = 0.36, p < 0.001) but not with NT-proBNP, LVEF, or QoL. Patients in NYHA class II showed a higher average acceleration than patients in NYHA III (16.6 ± 4.9 mg vs 14.0 ± 3.6 mg, p = 0.01).

Conclusions
Daily PA was severely reduced in patients with HF compared with healthy controls. In HF patients, we found moderate correlations of accelerometer measurements with markers of physical capacity but not with LVEF or NT-proBNP.

Trial registration
NCT05063955. Registered 01 June 2021—retrospectively registered.

Graphical abstract
Superb microvascular ultrasound is a promising non-invasive diagnostic tool to assess a ventriculoperitoneal shunt system function: a feasibility study
Authors: Brawanski Konstantin , Petr Ondra , Hernandez Christian Preuss , Kögl Nikolaus , Thomé Claudius , Gizewski Elke R. , Gruber Hannes , Verius Michael , Gruber Leonhard , Putzer Daniel 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe objective of this pilot study was to assess the reliability of superb microvascular ultrasound (SMI) for the measurement of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow within VPS systems as an indirect sign for shunt dysfunction. Asymptomatic hydrocephalus patients, with a VPS system implanted between 2017 and 2021, were prospectively enrolled in the study. Using SMI, the CSF flow within the proximal and distal catheters were analysed. Before and after pumping the shunt reservoir, intraabdominal free fluid, optical nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), and papilla diameter (PD) were evaluated and correlated with the amount of valve activation. Nineteen patients were included. A flow was detectable in 100% (N = 19) patients in the proximal and in 89.5% (N = 17) in the distal catheter. The distal catheter tip was detectable in 27.7% (N = 5) patients. Free intraabdominal fluid was initially detected in 21.4% (N = 4) patients and in 57.9% (N = 11) at the end of the examination (P = 0.049). ONSD was significantly lower after pump activation (4.4 ± 0.9 mm versus 4.1 ± 0.8 mm, P = 0.049). Both peak velocity and flow volume per second were higher in proximal compared to distal catheters (32.2 ± 45.2 versus 5.6 ± 3.7 cm/sec, P = 0.015; 16.6 ± 9.5 ml/sec versus 5.1 ± 4.0 ml/sec, P = 0.001, respectively). No correlation was found between the number of pump activations and the changes in ONSD (P = 0.975) or PD (P = 0.820). SMI appears to be a very promising non-invasive diagnostic tool to assess CSF flow within the VPS systems and therefore affirm their function. Furthermore, appearance of free intraperitoneal fluid followed by repeated compression of a shunt reservoir indicates an intact functioning shunt system.
Is polyphagy of a specific cryptic Bemisia tabaci species driving the high whitefly populations on cassava in eastern Africa?
Authors: Namuddu Annet , Malka Osnat , Seal Susan , van Brunschot Sharon , Kabaalu Richard , Omongo Christopher , Morin Shai , Colvin John 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSince the 1990s, the cryptic whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) has been linked to severe viral disease pandemics affecting cassava, a crucial staple crop in eastern Africa. This surge in whitefly populations has also been observed in other crops and uncultivated plants. While previous surveys have connected the increase on cassava to two specific populations, SSA1 and SSA2, the dynamics behind the population growth on other plants remain unclear. Additionally, other B. tabaci species, including EA1, IO, MED, SSA9, and SSA10, have been found on cassava in smaller numbers. This study aimed to identify the host plants that support the growth and development of different B. tabaci in Uganda by collecting fourth-instar nymphs from cassava and 20 other common host plants. Host transfer experiments were conducted to test the ability of seven species (EA1, MEAM1, MED-Africa Silver Leafing (ASL), SSA1-subgroup1, SSA1-Hoslundia, SSA6, and SSA12) to develop on cassava. The identities of the nymphs were determined using partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 sequences. Twelve B. tabaci species were identified, including two novel species, based on the 3.5% nucleotide sequence divergence. Cassava was colonised by SSA1-SG1, SSA1-SG2, and SSA2. The most prevalent species were SSA1-SG1, MED-ASL, and SSA13, which were also the most polyphagous, colonising multiple plant species. Several whitefly species colonised specific weeds, such as Aspilia africana and Commelina benghalensis. The polyphagous nature of these species supports continuous habitats and virus reservoirs. Effective management of whitefly populations in eastern Africa requires an integrated approach that considers their polyphagy and the environmental factors sustaining host plants.
HIV Testing and Treatment among HIV-Positive Men who have Sex with Men (MSM) Living in Russia: Data from Two Waves of the European MSM Internet Survey
Authors: Berg Rigmor C. , Skogen Vegard , Schmidt Axel J. , Nesterov Roman , Beloglazov Andrey 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWe examined changes in HIV testing and medical care among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Russia. Data come from the 2010 and 2017 waves of the European MSM Internet Survey. From 2010 to 2017 there was an increase in the proportion who had ever received an HIV test (+ 11.2%), had tested for HIV in the last year (+ 2.1%), had ever taken antiretroviral therapy (ART) (+ 31.9), were currently taking ART (+ 31.5%), and had an undetectable viral load (+ 19.4%). These results are encouraging, yet they also reveal that substantial proportions of MSM experience considerable unmet prevention and treatment needs.