bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Positional and shape changes of lamina cribrosa after trabeculectomy in pseudoexfoliative and primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Kadziauskiene A. , Strelkauskaitė E. , Ašoklis R. , Girard M.J.A. , Schmetterer L. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo evaluate positional and shape changes of anterior lamina cribrosa (LC) after trabeculectomy and compare them between eyes with pseudoexfoliative (PEXG) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).MethodsThe prospective study included 99 eyes (78 PEXG and 21 POAG) planned for trabeculectomy. The morphological parameters of LC and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured pre‐ and postoperatively (1 week and 1, 3, 6 and 9 months after the surgery). LC was imaged using enhanced depth imaging spectral domain optical coherence tomography. The mean and sectoral LC depth (LCD), global shape index (GSI), curvedness and curvatures in main meridians were calculated using Morphology 1.0 software. LC parameters were compared across the follow‐up visits and in‐between PEXG and POAG groups.ResultsThe mean IOP reduced in PEXG and POAG eyes after the trabeculectomy at all follow‐up visits (p < 0.001). There was a decrease in mean and sectoral LCD (p < 0.001), curvedness (p < 0.001), nasal‐temporal (N‐T) and superior‐inferior (S‐I) curvatures (p < 0.001, p = 0.045, respectively) during whole postoperative period. LC GSI did not change significantly postoperatively and stayed in‐between a trough and rut shape (p = 0.065). There were no differences in the changes of LC morphology between PEXG and POAG eyes (p > 0.05); however a tendency of greater reduction in LCD and curvature was observed. The decrease in LCD, N‐T and S‐I curvatures correlated positively with IOP reduction(ρ = 0.326, ρ = 0.3, ρ = 0.261, p < 0.01 after 1 week, respectively).ConclusionsTrabeculectomy induced a long term mean and sectoral anterior displacement as well as flattening of LC. However, the overall shape of LC was not affected postoperatively. Despite a potential elastinopathy of pseudoexfoliative syndrome PEXG and POAG eyes did not show differences in positional and shape behaviour of LC after the surgery.
Application of 3D‐ASL technique in observation on cerebral blood flow changes in early and mid‐stage primary open angle glaucoma
Authors: Qing Z. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeBased on Three Dimensional Arterial Spin Labeling (3D‐ASL) was used to examine the cerebral blood flow(CBF)changes of cerebrum for patients with early and middle stage primary open‐angle glaucoma (POAG) and to explore the characters of CBF changes and Central nervous system injury in early and middle stage POAG in order to providing a new thinking of preventing POAG.MethodsAccording to the inclusion and exclusion criteria of POAG, Seventeen POAG patients and seventeen gengder‐age‐matched healthy control were enrolled in the study. For each participant high‐resolution structural brain image was acquired on a 3.0 scanner. CBF images were obtained after being preprocessed by SPM8. REST were used to analyze CBF changes of whole brain and correlation analysis between CBF changes and RNFL and MD.Results1) whole brain CBF analysis:compared with control group,CBF is mainly decreased in POAG. The area include:right cerebellum, left superior occipital gyrus, right precentral gyrus, left cerebellum, right superior frontal gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, corpus callosum, left calcarine, the left parahippocampal. Increased CBF area:inferior frontal gyrus, caudate nucleus, orbitofrontal. 2) correlation analysis:RNFL was shown positive correlation with right inferior temporal gyrus, left calcarine, right cerebellum and right occipital gyrus. It has positive correlation between MD and right superior frontal, right calcarine and left middle frontal.ConclusionsPOAG in early and middle stage POAG could cause cerebral blood flow decrease,and these changes were positive correlation to RNFL and MD. Cerebral blood flow may be a potential biomarker for the brain involvement in glaucoma.
Prescription pattern of ocular hypotensive drugs in Portugal and its comparison with the European guidelines – PEM study
Authors: Pimenta G. , Sousa D.C. , Leal I. , Marques‐Neves C. , Abegão Pinto L. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThere are few studies in Europe addressing the adherence to antiglaucomatous prescription guidelines. This study aims to describe the nationwide yearlong analysis of the prescription patterns of these drugs in Portugal, discussing how guidelines are being applied and identifying opportunities for improvement.MethodsCross‐sectional study including all patients who were prescribed at least one IOP‐lowering medication in Portugal, in 2015. Data was obtained from the common electronic drug prescription system used by all hospitals and clinics in the country. Current National and European Guidelines on Glaucoma Management were used as a reference. Statistical analyses were performed using STATA.ResultsA total of 833 871 prescriptions were provided to 231 634 patients (57% women). Over half of them were under monotherapy, but only 76% complied with first‐line treatment choices (prostaglandin analogues or beta blockers). Among patients who were prescribed two IOP‐lowering drugs, only two thirds adhered to the treatment strategy of using them as a fixed combination (FC). The guidelines orientation to use FC treatments was more likely to be followed by the ophthalmologist than the patient's General Practitioner. Nationwide, this topical IOP‐lowering therapy accounted for a total of 26 million euros (M€) in costs, shared between patients and the national health system. The prescription rate per 100 000 people ranged from 13 180 to 2 257 among the seven Portuguese regions.ConclusionsGuidelines for glaucoma treatment seem to apply to the majority of Portuguese patients taking IOP‐lowering medication. However, a significant number of treated patients are not being prescribed first line IOP‐lowering drugs. Non‐ophthalmologist may be less aware of the preferred practice patterns in the management of this disease.
Nature‐inspired Nrf2 activators in retinal pigment epithelial cells: a source for therapeutics in age‐related macular degeneration
Authors: AMADIO M. , Serafini M.M. , Marchesi N. , Catanzaro M. , Fagiani F. , Simoni E. , Pascale A. , Rosini M. , Lanni C. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeAge‐related Macular Degeneration (AMD) is a severe neurodegenerative disease and a major cause of blindness in the elderly worldwide. Oxidative stress is a common feature of AMD pathogenesis, and a positive modulation of Nrf2 activity has been demonstrated to be protective. Natural products are generally a rich source of therapeutics; we recently combined polyphenols from curcumin and diallyl sulfide in new chemical entities to produce hybrids with anti‐oxidant activity. To confirm Nrf2 pathway as a valuable therapeutic target, we studied the modulation of this cascade by our new hybrids.MethodsThe human retinal pigment epithelium cell line ARPE‐19 was exposed to increasing concentrations of the new nature‐inspired hybrids. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Nrf2 nuclear translocation and target gene expression were measured by Western blotting.ResultsNew nature‐inspired hybrids induce Nrf2 nuclear translocation and modulation of its target genes involved in phase II response in ARPE‐19 cells. These molecules show a potency on Nrf2 activation profile comparable to that induced by the reference compounds curcumin and dimethylfumarate, the latter being currently used in clinic for multiple sclerosis.ConclusionsThe new nature‐inspired hybrids show to be promising to counteract some features related to AMD pathogenesis, thus suggesting the potential use of Nrf2 activators as therapeutics.
Reduction in subfoveal choroidal thickness and peripapillary retinal thickness after high‐dose melphalan therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in a patient with POEMS syndrome
Authors: Hirotaka Y. , Toshiyuki O. , Takayuki B. , Shuichi Y. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo determine whether high‐dose melphalan therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation can reduce the serum level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), the peripapillary retinal thickness (pRT), and the choroidal thickness (CT) in a patient with the polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes (POEMS) syndrome.MethodsA 39‐year‐old man with POEMS syndrome was given high‐dose melphalan therapy followed by autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. The peripapillary retinal thickness (pRT) and subfoveal CT was determined by spectral‐domain optical coherence tomography (SD‐OCT) to quantify the degree of optic disc edema and choroidal thickness. The pRT thickness was measured at the baseline and at 6 months after the treatment. The serum level of VEGF was also determined by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) at the baseline and at 6 months after beginning the treatment.ResultsAt the baseline, the serum level of VEGF was 9960 pg/ml and the pRT was 1062 μm in the right eye and 963 μm in the left eye. At 6 months after the treatment, the serum level of VEGF was reduced to 333 pg/ml, the ODE was reduced bilaterally, and the pRT was decreased to 406 μm in his right eye and 358 μm in his left eye. The subfoveal CT was 439 μm in the right eye and 409 μm in the left eye at the baseline. Six months after the treatment, the subfoveal CT was decreased to 368 μm in the right eye and 364 μm in the left eye.ConclusionsOur result showed that the peripapillary retinal thickness and subfoveal choroidal thickness were reduced in the optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images along with a decrease of the serum VEGF levels. We recommend OCT to monitor the changes in the signs of POEMS syndrome after treatments.
Clinical applications of a visual field perimeter with binocular video imaging
Authors: Charlier J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe majority of visual field testing equipment is designed for monocular tests only: most instruments do not have the capability to visualize both eyes simultaneously and many do not have a head rest position suitable for binocular testing. This presentation will focus on the clinical applications of the binocular visual field tests available on the MonCvONE perimeter.MethodsBinocular testing is very important for functional evaluations. Extrapolation from monocular tests is inaccurate as phenomenons such as integration, suppression, ocular deviation, cyclotorsion, … affect differently monocular and binocular vision. The MonCvONE perimeter combines a binocular video sensor with the possibility of video recording to the possibility of controlling the exam with an interactive mode similar to the Goldmann perimeter.ResultsClinical examples of binocular perimetry will be presented including ‐ the evaluation of ptosis with a documentation of the gain in visual field area in relationship with the opening of the eye lids. ‐ the assessment of low vision with the Esterman technique ‐ the evaluation of drivers’ visual field in agreement with the European Community directive ‐ the evaluation of the field of single vision with the determination of a diplopia score‐ the test of the visual field in young infants when eye occlusion and head immobility are not easily obtainedConclusionsThese examples demonstrate the clinical usefulness of binocular visual field testing with video recording
Enhanced visual attentional modulation in patients with inherited peripheral retinal degeneration in the absence of cortical degeneration
Authors: Ferreira S. , Andreia P. , Quendera B. , Silva E. , Reis A. , Castelo‐Branco M. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeStudies concerning the effects of peripheral retinal degeneration on visual cortical structure and function are scarce. Our work aimed to determine the effect of peripheral retinal dystrophy caused by Retinitis Pigmentosa on brain function and structure using magnetic resonance imaging, taking into account the effect of the preserved visual field extent and the disease onset age.MethodsWe included thirteen patients and twenty‐two matched controls. We analyzed cortical responses under attentional demands and passive viewing conditions while presenting a visual stimulus covering the central and paracentral visual field. Responses were studied in the visual cortical areas (V1, V2 and V3) and also in two cortical regions of interest corresponding to the preserved and the damaged visual field. The cortical thickness of visual areas was also measuredResultsWe found that cortical visual responses under attentional demands were increased in patients with larger degeneration of visual field. Moreover, activation during the task condition was increased for patients in both cortical regions corresponding to the preserved and the damaged visual field, specifically in patients with severe visual field loss. These findings were observed in presence of preserved visual cortical structure.ConclusionsWe conclude that Retinitis Pigmentosa patients have enhanced visual attentional modulation despite their retinal degeneration, while cortical structure remains intact (with an relative increase in V2 thickness in patients with RP in early stages). The unmasking of feedback signals from higher level visual regions involved in attentional processes may explain the increased cortical responses. These findings are relevant in the context of the design of strategies for treating retinal diseases.
An intraocular foreign body detection using swept‐source OCT
Authors: Berniolles J. , Marco Monzon S. , Ascaso Puyuelo A. , Bartolomé Sesé M.I. , Martínez Vélez M. , Esteban Floria O. , Sánchez J.I. , Idoate Domench A. , López Sangrós I. , Ibáñez Alperte J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo describe a case report of a 35 years old metal worker with a corneal ulcer in his right eye treated with an antibiotics ointment by a primary care doctor that presented blurry vision two days later.MethodsExamination of the anterior chamber by slit lamp, tonometry was used to determine intraocular pressure, funduscopy, Swept‐Source OCT and CT scan were performed.ResultsThe patient right eye presented intense epibulbar and tarsal hyperemia, and it had a 1x1 mm corneal ulcer, positive in the fluorescent test, and an iridium hole below. Tyndall 2+ and IOP of 18 mmHg. No cataract was detected. Funduscopy examination showed a moderate amount of vitreous hemorrhage. A CT scan, retinography and a Swept‐Source OCT were performed and they revealed an intraocular foreign body located in the optic nerve area. The foreign body was removed via pars plana vitrectomy 23G surgery, requiring a magnet a demarcating laser. After four months the patient has a 20/20 visual acuity with no cataract.ConclusionsThis case underlines that although CT scan is considered the “gold standard” for the detection, localization and characterization of intraocular foreign bodies, new image techniques as Swept‐Source OCT can be a non invasive and accurate search tool in cases of intraocular foreign body.
Changes in the electromyography of the lateral and medial muscles after the electrostimulation treatment of lateral muscles in children with convergent concomitant strabismus
Authors: Boychuk I. , Mazur V. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeIt is known that physiotherapeutic treatment of convergent concomitant strabismus with electrostimulation of extraocular rectus muscles is applied. Assessment of changes in the electromyography of the muscles after the course of treatment was not carried out, due to absence of a method of surface electromyography (SEMG) of the rectus muscles.To identify changes in the SEMG before and after electrostimulation of the external rectus muscles in children with concomitant strabismus the work was doneMethodsElectrostimulation of the lateral rectus muscles of both eyes was performed using the Amplipulse‐5 apparatus in a standard procedure in 12 children (24 eyes) with convergent concomitant strabismus with deviation 12‐ 24pr.dptr. SEMG was done with the M‐TEST‐2 electromyograph, according to the method developed by us earlier. Patients were examined before and after treatment.ResultsAmplitudes of the biopotentials of the SEMG of the lateral rectus muscle decreased slightly after treatment (11,55 ± 2,3 mV ÷ 10,64 ± 0,7 mV, p> 0.05), while the frequency increased significantly (49, 7 ± 3,6Hz ÷ 63,18 ± 8,2Hz, p <0.05). Ranges of the SEMG biopotential amplitudes and frequency of the medial rectus muscle decreased slightly after treatment (11.48 ± 0.5 mV ÷ 10.2 ± 0.9 mV, 101.96 ± 5.6 Hz ÷ 94.7 ± 19, 5 Hz, p> 0.05).Deviation became less in average on 12,2±4,6 pr.dptr. en with concomitant strabismus.ConclusionsThe method of surface electromyography allows estimating changes in the biopotentials of the external rectus of the eye before and after electrostimulation (amplitude, frequency). Electrostimulation treatment decrease the imbalance between the lateral and medial rectus muscles biopotentials of SEMG in children with a convergent concomitant strabismus.
AMD drusenoid deposits “P”, protein‐cellular type: volume, morphology, evolution analysis with morphology‐structural software
Authors: Gonzalez C. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo study AMD Drusenoid deposits “P” with morphology‐structural software and see all the input of this software on their morphology, evolution knowledge and understandingMethods310 eyes of 155 patients, 61 men, 94 women, with AMD Drusenoid Deposits “P”, Protein‐Cellular Type (Pseudovitellifom AMD,Cuticular drusen,Subretinal drusenoid deposits(SDD),Drusenoid PED,”P”). Deposits were evaluated by Autofluorescence, IR imaging, OCT(Spectralis HRA‐OCT,spectral domain OCT) and Morphology‐Structural software (M‐S software). ETDRS visual acuity(VA), complete ophthalmic examination with Fundus exam were added. M‐S software let: grading (semi‐automatized drusenoid deposit volume and contours analyze,3D deposit reconstruction); measurements (volume(in μm3), density(grey levels of deposits)(Statistic moments of pixel intensities: mean,median,minimum,maximum,average,standard deviation,skewness and kurtosis), structure (structural measures, texture parameters),(Haralick texture measurements for distances of 1 to 10 pixels), composition(differential density calculation). Grading, measurements(volume,density) let analyze Drusenoid deposit “P”, their evolution,4 years follow‐upResultsM‐S software allows AMD Drusenoid Deposits “P”,Protein‐Cellular Type (Pseudovitellifom AMD,Cuticular drusen,Subretinal drusenoid deposits(SDD),Drusenoid PED,”P”) analyze, follow‐up: topography,volume,density,evolution, for each cut,layer,eye,patient and patient to patient. Therefore M‐S software enable Drusenoid Deposits comparison, evolution for each patient and patient to patient. So M‐S let assay AMD progression, assess evolution Drusenoid deposits “P” to Neovascular complication and its intensity and occurrence periodConclusionsMorphology‐Structural Software contribute to and improve AMD Drusenoid deposits “P”,Protein‐Cellular type, study and knowledge and so AMD understanding.
Towards a new therapy concept for acute microbial karatides, including Acanthamoebae
Authors: Storsberg J. , Schmidt C. , Plog C. , Höfer P. , Klöpzig S. , Rehfeldt S. , Sel S. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to develop novel therapeutic approaches for the management and treatment of microbial keratitides, especially pathologies resulting from Acantamoeba castellanii inoculations.MethodsGrowth inhibitory effects of plasma‐induced reactive species on cultures of Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acantamoeba castellanii, and MRSA were assayed for in in an in‐vitro setting. Human donor corneas were inoculated and cultured with cultures of above pathogens, followed by staining of cells and microscopic analysis.ResultsOur results show a substantial inhibitory effect of plasma‐induced reactive species on the growth and migration of the pathogens tested.ConclusionsThe effects observed provide foundation for the development of new avenues for the management and therapy of microbial keratitides.
Adalimumab as an alternative treatment in Serpiginous Choroiditis
Authors: Sánchez Marín J.I. , Idoate Domench A. , Pérez Navarro I. , Bartolomé Sesé I. , Berniolles Alcalde J. , Marco Monzón S. , López Sangrós I. , Ibáñez Alperte J. , Ascaso Puyuel F.J. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeSerpiginous Choroiditis is a type of chronic bilateral posterior uveitis, with a geographical pattern that begins in the juxtapapillary zone and spreads in an intermittent and centrifugal manner. The purpose is to describe an alternative treatment for SC based on Adalimumab monotherapy.MethodsA female patient with decreased visual acuity in the last 6 months of the left eye and characteristic lesions in the ocular fundus of SC with juxtapapillary and paramacular involvement. The disease continued its course despite treatment with Prednisone at high doses, and affected the contralateral eye with small foci. Disease control was achieved by triple therapy of Prednisone, Azatriopine and Cyclosporin but the patient started with side effects derived from the treatment. Due to the immunological basis and supported on the literature, treatment with Adalimumab and decreasing doses of Prednisone was instituted.ResultsAfter 8 months of follow up, the patient presents a good control of the disease, besides the improvement of the secondary effects derived from the previous treatment.ConclusionsAdalimumab may be a good alternative in cases of CS that are not controlled despite the maximum treatment with triple therapy, or in which the treatment can not be continued due to side effects or poor compliance.
Inflammatory choroidal neovascularization imaged by optical coherence tomography – angiography
Authors: Diwo E. , Coscas F. , Massamba N. , Bodaghi B. 
Published: September 2017

PurposeTo describe the optical coherence tomography ‐ angiography (OCT‐ A) findings in patients with uveitis related neovascularization.MethodsWe included all patients diagnosed with inflammatory neovascularization (CNV) at the Pitie Salpetriere hospital between 2016/09/01 and 2016/11/15. All patients were assessed including best corrected visual acuity, clinical inflammatory parameters, multimodality imaging, fluorescein angiography, ICG and SD‐OCT or SS‐OCT. All patients underwent OCT angiography with SS‐OCT DRI Triton (Topcon, Japan) or/and Spectralis Angiography OCT (HRA, Heidelberg, Germany). OCT‐A images were analyzed and compared with en face and B‐OCT.ResultsSix patients (7 eyes), 3 women and 3 men, with a mean age of 55 years, were included. Three patients were diagnosed with ocular sarcoidosis and the rest of the patients with Birdshot chorioretinopathy, HSV‐2 uveitis and ocular tuberculosis. OCT‐A revealed inflammatory pre retinal pigment epithelial CNV in all cases. Three lesions were localized in the papillo‐macular region and four close to the vascular arcades. The main length of the major axis was 2.806 microns. All lesions presented a sea fan pattern with an anastomotic network and a thin capillaries network surrounded by a dark halo. They were attached to a single or to multiple thick branches. Two patients had a follow‐up of one month after the anti‐VEGF therapy confirming the rapid fibrosis of these vessels. The characteristics of inflammatory CNV seem to differ from those of CNV in neovascular age related macular degeneration scanned with OCT‐A. The branching seems to be less important, and capillaries thinner and pedicles thicker.ConclusionsOCT‐A is a new complementary imaging method for the diagnosis of inflammatory CNV. The features and the evolution of these lesions need to be investigated in further studies.