bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatiotemporal Evaluation of Simulated Evapotranspiration and Streamflow over Texas Using the WRF‐Hydro‐RAPID Modeling Framework
Authors: Lin Peirong , Rajib Mohammad Adnan , Yang Zong‐Liang , Somos‐Valenzuela Marcelo , Merwade Venkatesh , Maidment David R. , Wang Yan , Chen Li 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThis study assesses a large‐scale hydrologic modeling framework (WRF‐Hydro‐RAPID) in terms of its high‐resolution simulation of evapotranspiration (ET) and streamflow over Texas (drainage area: 464,135 km2). The reference observations used include eight‐day ET data from MODIS and FLUXNET, and daily river discharge data from 271 U.S. Geological Survey gauges located across a climate gradient. A recursive digital filter is applied to decompose the river discharge into surface runoff and base flow for comparison with the model counterparts. While the routing component of the model is pre‐calibrated, the land component is uncalibrated. Results show the model performance for ET and runoff is aridity‐dependent. ET is better predicted in a wet year than in a dry year. Streamflow is better predicted in wet regions with the highest efficiency ~0.7. In comparison, streamflow is most poorly predicted in dry regions with a large positive bias. Modeled ET bias is more strongly correlated with the base flow bias than surface runoff bias. These results complement previous evaluations by incorporating more spatial details. They also help identify potential processes for future model improvements. Indeed, improving the dry region streamflow simulation would require synergistic enhancements of ET, soil moisture and groundwater parameterizations in the current model configuration. Our assessments are important preliminary steps towards accurate large‐scale hydrologic forecasts.
Combining noninvasive genetics and a new mammalian sex‐linked marker provides new tools to investigate population size, structure and individual behaviour: An application to bats
Authors: Zarzoso‐Lacoste Diane , Jan Pierre‐Loup , Lehnen Lisa , Girard Thomas , Besnard Anne‐Laure , Puechmaille Sebastien J. , Petit Eric J. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMonitoring wild populations is crucial for their effective management. Noninvasive genetic methods provide robust data from individual free‐ranging animals, which can be used in capture–mark–recapture (CMR) models to estimate demographic parameters without capturing or disturbing them. However, sex‐ and status‐specific behaviour, which may lead to differences in detection probabilities, is rarely considered in monitoring. Here, we investigated population size, sex ratio, sex‐ and status‐related behaviour in 19Rhinolophus hipposiderosmaternity colonies (Northern France) with a noninvasive geneticCMRapproach (using faeces) combined with parentage assignments. The use of theDDX3X/Y‐Mam sexual marker designed in this study, which shows inter‐ and intrachromosomal length polymorphism across placental mammals, together with eight polymorphic microsatellite markers, produced high‐quality genetic data with limited genotyping errors and allowed us to reliably distinguish different categories of individuals (males, reproductive and nonreproductive females) and to estimate population sizes. We showed that visual counts represent well‐adult female numbers and that population composition in maternity colonies changes dynamically during the summer. Before parturition, colonies mainly harbour pregnant and nonpregnant females with a few visiting males, whereas after parturition, colonies are mainly composed of mothers and their offspring with a few visiting nonmothers and males. Our approach gives deeper insight into sex‐ and status‐specific behaviour, a prerequisite for understanding population dynamics and developing effective monitoring and management strategies. Provided sufficient samples can be obtained, this approach can be readily applied to a wide range of species.
International Capacity Cooperation—Financing China's Export of Industrial Overcapacity
Authors: Kenderdine Tristan , Ling Han 
Published: October 2017

AbstractInternational capacity cooperation (国际产能合作) exports China's Keynesian project system, offshoring its excess industrial capacity as fixed‐capital investment. Leveraged against foreign exchange reserves, the central policy banks and sovereign wealth funds push credit through a variety of purpose‐built infrastructure investment funds to provincial governments, state‐owned enterprises and ultimately to offshore projects. This paper explores the historical institutional development of funds used to channel central government funds through China's financial bureaucracy into target countries. We explore the export of the policy bank model, provincial implementation and recipient regional industrial policy, and examine the role of international capacity cooperation in China's international trade and investment strategy and its implications for China's domestic industrial policy. We conclude with post‐Keynesian analyses of China's export of industrial overcapacity while maintaining a closed financial model which is likely to introduce excessive risk to the global capital pool.
Influence of Apolipoprotein E polymorphism on susceptibility of Wilson disease
Authors: Roy Shubhrajit , Ganguly Kausik , Pal Prosenjit , Ghosh Sampurna , Das Shyamal K , Gangopadhyay Prasanta K. , Bavdekar Ashish , Ray Kunal , Sengupta Mainak , Ray Jharna 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWilson disease (WD) is an autosomal‐recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene leading to abnormal copper deposition in liver and brain. WD manifests diverse neurological and hepatic phenotypes and different age of onset, even among the siblings, with same mutational background suggesting complex nature of the disease and involvement of other candidate genes. In that context, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) and Prion Protein (PRNP) have been proposed to be potential candidates for modifying the WD phenotype and age of onset. This study aims to identify the contribution of APOE and PRNP polymorphisms on the variable phenotypic expression of Indian WD patients.A total of 171 WD patients and 291 controls from Indian population were included in this study. Two APOE cSNPs (rs429358 and rs7412) resulting in three isoforms and M129V (rs1799990) polymorphism of PRNP were examined for their association with WD and its clinical phenotypes.The APOE ԑ4 allele was found to be significantly overrepresented in WD patients compared to controls. However, the frequency of the APOE ԑ3 allele and ԑ3/ԑ3 genotype was significantly higher in WD patients without cognitive behavior impairment compared to the ones with the impairment. On the contrary, the PRNP allele representing Val129 was found to be present in higher proportion in WD patients with cognitive behavioral decline. Our data suggest that the APOE ԑ4 allele could act as a potential risk for the pathogenesis of WD. Also, APOE and PRNP might contribute toward the cognitive behavioral decline in a section of WD patients.
Holocene permafrost history and cryostratigraphy in the High‐Arctic Adventdalen Valley, central Svalbard
Authors: Cable Stefanie , Elberling Bo , Kroon Aart 
Published: October 2017

This paper presents the history and cryostratigraphy of the upper permafrost in the High‐Arctic Adventdalen Valley, central Svalbard. Nineteen frozen sediment cores, up to 10.7 m long, obtained at five periglacial landforms, were analysed for cryostructures, ice, carbon and solute contents, and grain‐size distribution, and were 14C‐ and OSL‐dated. Spatial variability in ice and carbon contents is closely related to the sedimentary history and mode of permafrost aggradation. In the valley bottom, saline epigenetic permafrost with pore ice down to depths of 10.7 m depth formed in deltaic sediments since the mid‐Holocene; cryopegs were encountered below 6 m. In the top 1 to 5 m, syngenetic and quasi‐syngenetic permafrost with microlenticular, lenticular, suspended and organic‐matrix cryostructures developed due to loess and alluvial sedimentation since the colder late Holocene, which resulted in the burial of organic material. At the transition between deltaic sediments and loess, massive ice bodies occurred. A pingo developed where the deltaic sediments reached the surface. On hillslopes, suspended cryostructure on solifluction sheets indicates quasi‐syngenetic permafrost aggradation; lobes, in contrast, were ice‐poor. Suspended cryostructure in eluvial deposits reflects epigenetic or quasi‐syngenetic permafrost formation on a weathered bedrock plateau. Landform‐scale spatial variations in ground ice and carbon relate to variations in slope, sedimentation rate, moisture conditions and stratigraphy. Although the study reveals close links between Holocene landscape evolution and permafrost history, our results emphasize a large uncertainty in using terrain surface indicators to infer ground‐ice contents and upscale from core to landform scale in mountainous permafrost landscapes.
5‐HT1F receptor‐mediated mitochondrial biogenesis for the treatment of Parkinson's disease
Authors: Scholpa Natalie E , Lynn Mary K , Corum Daniel , Boger Heather A , Schnellmann Rick G 
Published: October 2017

Background and PurposeParkinson's disease is characterized by progressive decline in motor function due to degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, as well as other deficits including cognitive impairment and behavioural abnormalities. Mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to loss of ATP‐dependent cellular functions, calcium overload, excitotoxicity and oxidative stress, is implicated in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Using the 5‐HT1F receptor agonist LY344864, a known inducer of mitochondrial biogenesis (MB), we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of stimulating MB on dopaminergic neuron loss in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease.Experimental ApproachMale C57BL/6 mice underwent bilateral intrastriatal 6‐hydroxydopamine or saline injections and daily treatment with 2 mg·kg−1 LY344864 or vehicle for 14 days beginning 7 days post‐lesion. Tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity (TH‐ir) and MB were assessed in the brains of all groups following treatment, and locomotor activity was evaluated prior to lesioning, 7 days post‐lesion and after treatment.Key ResultsIncreased mitochondrial DNA content and nuclear‐ and mitochondrial‐encoded mRNA and protein expression was observed in specific brain regions of LY344864‐treated naïve and lesioned mice, indicating augmented MB. LY344864 attenuated TH‐ir loss in the striatum and substantia nigra compared to vehicle‐treated lesioned animals. LY344864 treatment also increased locomotor activity in 6‐hydroxydopamine lesioned mice, while vehicle treatment had no effect.Conclusions and ImplicationsThese data revealed that LY344864‐induced MB attenuates dopaminergic neuron loss and improves behavioural endpoints in this model. We suggest that stimulating MB may be beneficial for the treatment of Parkinson's disease and that the 5‐HT1F receptor may be an effective therapeutic target.
Adalimumab and postoperative complications of elective intestinal resections in Crohn's disease: a propensity score case‐matched study
Authors: Kotze P. G. , Magro D. O. , Martinez C. A. R. , Saab B. , Saab M. P. , Pinheiro L. V. , Olandoski M. , Yamamoto T. , Coy C. S. R. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimData are scarce regarding the effect of preoperative adalimumab (ADA) in postoperative complications in Crohn's disease (CD) patients. Our aim was to compare the rates of postoperative complications after intestinal resections in CD, with and without previous exposure to ADA.MethodThis was a case‐matched retrospective observational study of patients submitted to intestinal resections for CD. The patients were allocated to two groups, according to their previous exposure to ADA before surgery. The patients under ADA therapy were matched with controls (patients without previous biologics) with the propensity score method (PSM), according to age at surgery, CD location (Montreal L) and phenotype (Montreal B). Medical and surgical complications were compared.ResultsInitially 123 patients were considered, 71 with previous biologics (32 under ADA therapy) and 52 without. The PSM selected 25 ADA patients to be matched with 25 controls from the non‐biologics group. There was no difference regarding overall surgical complications (40% in the controlvs36% in the ADA group;P = 1.0000) or medical complications (36%vs12% in the control and ADA groups, respectively;P = 0.095). In univariate analysis, previous ADA was not considered a risk factor for higher postoperative complication rates. Stomas were considered a risk factor for surgical complications, and previous steroids were associated with higher medical complication rates.ConclusionsPreoperative ADA did not influence the rates of medical and surgical complications after elective intestinal resections for CD. This was the first study to include exclusively patients under ADA therapy.
A decrease in serum 1,5‐anhydroglucitol levels is associated with the presence of a first‐degree family history of diabetes in a Chinese population with normal glucose tolerance
Authors: Hu X. , He X. , Ma X. , Su H. , Ying L. , Peng J. , Wang Y. , Bao Y. , Zhou J. , Jia W. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAimThis study aimed to investigate alterations in HbA1c, glycated albumin (GA) and 1,5‐anhydroglucitol (1,5‐AG) in Chinese first‐degree relatives of individuals with diabetes (FDR) in pursuit of an index for early screening of glucose metabolism disturbance.MethodsA total of 467 participants (age range: 20–78 years) with normal weight and normal glucose tolerance, as determined by a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test, were enrolled. HbA1c was measured using high‐performance liquid chromatography. Serum GA and 1,5‐AG levels were determined by enzymatic methods. Serum insulin levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.ResultsThe study population included 208 FDR and 259 non‐FDR. Serum 1,5‐AG levels were lower in FDR than that in non‐FDR (20.4 ± 7.5 vs 23.8 ± 8.3 μg/ml, P < 0.001), but HbA1c and GA levels did not differ between them (P = 0.835 and 0.469, respectively). Logistic regression analysis revealed an independent relationship between a first‐degree family history of diabetes and reduced serum 1,5‐AG levels (odds ratio = 0.944, P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that a first‐degree family history of diabetes (β = –3.041, P < 0.001) and insulinogenic index (β = 0.081, P = 0.001) were independently associated with serum 1,5‐AG levels.ConclusionIn a Chinese population with normal glucose tolerance, serum 1,5‐AG levels were lower among FDR, and serum 1,5‐AG levels were independently associated with FDR status. For FDR, serum 1,5‐AG levels were more sensitive than HbA1c or GA levels to early‐phase abnormality in glucose metabolism.
Ceratitis capitata genetic sexing strains: laboratory evaluation of strains from mass‐rearing facilities worldwide
Authors: Augustinos A.A. , Targovska A. , Cancio‐Martinez E. , Schorn E. , Franz G. , Cáceres C. , Zacharopoulou A. , Bourtzis K. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae), is among the most destructive and cosmopolitan species of the family. It has been studied extensively and has become a model species for sterile insect technique (SIT) applications. More than 3 decades of coordinated research led to the development and continuous improvement of genetic sexing strains (GSSs) for this pest. The last generation of these strains (Vienna 7 and Vienna 8), developed at the FAO/IAEA Insect Pest Control Laboratory (IPCL) in Seibersdorf, Austria, presents a combination of characters that calls for specialized control and evaluation methods, especially in mass‐rearing conditions. In this paper, we present the results of two small‐scale laboratory tests that can evaluate the stability, productivity, and other properties of these strains and have been used in IPCL since their development. These tests were used for the analysis of the Vienna 7 and Vienna 8 GSSs after their re‐introduction to the IPCL from the different rearing facilities. Our data show the robustness and stability of the ‘sexing’ character of these strains but also point to differences among them regarding egg hatch, pupation, adult emergence rates, and male tolerance to elevated temperatures. Well‐defined, small‐scale protocols allow the continuous monitoring of the properties of putative important strains; they can be used as standard operating protocols to enable unbiased comparison among strains available in different mass‐rearing facilities.
Brief interactive psychoeducation for caregivers of patients with early phase psychosis in Yogyakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Marchira Carla R. , Supriyanto Irwan , Subandi Subandi , Good Mary Jo D. , Good Byron J. 
Published: October 2017

AimBrief psychoeducation for families of psychotic patients has been shown to significantly increase family members’ knowledge of the disorder. This increase is associated with reductions in relapse and rehospitalization. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of brief psychoeducation about schizophrenia to caregivers of patients in early phases of psychotic disorders in Yogyakarta, Indonesia.MethodsThis study was a prospective, randomized trial with 2 parallel groups. Subjects were patients in the early phase of psychotic disorders and their respective caregivers. Inclusion criteria included a diagnosis of acute and transient psychotic disorders, schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder or delusional disorder. Participants were randomly assigned to either control or intervention groups by means of paired simple randomization. A brief psychoeducation was conducted for both the patients and caregivers. The interventions were conducted in 4 interactive sessions, once per week. Effectiveness was measured using standardized instruments before the intervention, and at 1 and 6 months post‐intervention. Assessment instruments included the Knowledge of Psychosis (KOP), the Compliance and Relapse Assessment, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia scale.ResultsInterventions improved KOP scores significantly in the intervention group. The intervention group had increased regularity of follow‐up with health providers and improved compliance. No statistically significant difference in relapses/rehospitalization was observed.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that brief psychoeducation with caregivers of patients with early phase psychosis was feasible in our setting, significantly improved caregivers’ knowledge, and resulted in improved regularity of contact with health providers and compliance with pharmacotherapy.
Ageing‐related changes in the cortical processing of otolith information in humans
Authors: zu Eulenburg Peter , Ruehl Ria Maxine , Runge Pia , Dieterich Marianne 
Published: October 2017

AbstractAcoustic short tone bursts (STB) trigger ocular and cervical vestibular‐evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs/cVEMPs) by activating irregular otolith afferents. Simultaneously,STBs introduce an artificial net acceleration signal of otolith origin into the vestibular network.VEMPparameters as diagnostic otolith processing markers have been shown to decline after the age of thirty. To delineate the differential effects of healthy ageing on the cortical vestibular subnetwork processing otolith information, we measuredcVEMPs and the differential effects of unilateralSTBin three age groups (20–40, 40–60 and 60+;n = 42) using functional neuroimaging.STBevoked responses in the main vestibular hubs in the parieto‐opercular cortex. WhereascVEMPamplitudes declined linearly with age, analysis of theBOLDresponse size depicted a u‐shaped curve. Vestibular perception of the otolith stimulus on the other hand remained unchanged with age. Therefore, we propose that the comparably largerBOLDresponses past the age of sixty could reflect a mechanism of central sensitisation for otolith perception to counterbalance the concurrent peripheral vestibular and somatosensory function decline.
A comparison of soil tests for available phosphorus in long‐term field experiments in Europe
Authors: Nawara S. , Van Dael T. , Merckx R. , Amery F. , Elsen A. , Odeurs W. , Vandendriessche H. , Mcgrath S. , Roisin C. , Jouany C. , Pellerin S. , Denoroy P. , Eichler‐Löbermann B. , Börjesson G. , Goos P. , Akkermans W. , Smolders E. 
Published: October 2017

SummaryMost soil tests for available phosphorus (P) perform rather poorly in predicting crop response. This study was set up to compare different established soil tests in their capacity to predict crop response across contrasting types of soil. Soil samples from long‐term field experiments, the oldest >100 years old, were collected in five European countries. The total number of soil samples (n = 218), which differed in cropping and P treatment, and originated from 11 different soil types, were analysed with five tests: ammonium oxalate (Ox), ammonium lactate (AL), Olsen P, 0.01 m CaCl2 and the diffusive gradient in thin film (DGT). The first three tests denote available P quantity (Q), whereas the last two indicate P intensity (I) of the soil solution. All five tests were positively related to the crop yield data (n = 317). The Q‐tests generally outperformed I‐tests when evaluated with goodness of fit in Mitscherlich models, but critical P values of the I‐tests varied the least among different types of soil. No test was clearly superior to the others, except for the oxalate extraction, which was generally poor. The combination of Q‐ and I‐tests performed slightly better for predicting crop yield than any single soil P test. This Q + I analysis explains why recent successes with I‐tests (e.g. DGT) were found for soils with larger P sorption than for those in the present study. This systematic evaluation of soil tests using a unique compilation of established field trials provides critical soil P values that are valid across Europe.Highlights
We compared soil P tests for predicting crop response across contrasting soil types.
No test was clearly superior to the others except for the oxalate extraction, which was generally poor.
This study suggests that intensity tests do not perform markedly better than quantity tests.
The evaluation of soil P tests on this unique dataset provided critical soil P values across Europe.