bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Stock Market Reaction to Board Changes: The South African Experience
Authors: Bhana Narendra 
Published: November 2016

This article investigates the impact of board changes on the share prices of the companies listed on the Johannesburg stock exchange (JSE) during the period 2004–2008. Four types of board changes are investigated: new appointments, resignation, retirement and joint appointments. Market participants consider a change in the composition of a company’s board as having information content and produce statistically significant change in the share prices of the company concerned. In particular, the informational effects of new appointments are perceived differently by the market from resignations from the company board. The results also provide evidence that market reacts more favourably to the appointment of an executive director in comparison to that of a non-executive director board appointment. JEL classification: C58, D22, E44, G10, L22
Suicide Intervention Gatekeeper Training
Authors: Osteen Philip J. 
Published: November 2016

Objective: Suicide is a significant public and mental health crisis in the United States. Training providers in suicide assessment and response is designated as one of the primary strategies for reducing deaths by suicide. Research has established that suicide intervention training is effective, but little work has been published on potential mediators of skill development and use. Method: Secondary data analysis of a randomized trial of the Question, Persuade, and Refer gatekeeper training with master of social work students. Path analysis was used to estimate mediated effects of knowledge, attitudes, reluctance, and self-efficacy on behavior outcomes. Results: Results suggest improvements in posttraining measures for knowledge, attitudes, self-efficacy, reluctance, and the use of gatekeeper behaviors, but there was no supporting evidence for the presence of mediated effects on behavior. Only self-efficacy demonstrated a strong direct relationship with gatekeeper behaviors. Conclusions: Ongoing evaluation is needed with an added interest in self-efficacy and how it can be enhanced through training.
Return to Golf After Lumbar Fusion
Authors: Shifflett Grant D. , Hellman Michael D. , Louie Philip K. , Mikhail Christopher , Park Kevin U. , Phillips Frank M. 
Published: November 2016

Background: Spinal fusion surgery is being increasingly performed, yet few studies have focused on return to recreational sports after lumbar fusion and none have specifically analyzed return to golf. Hypothesis: Most golfers successfully return to sport after lumbar fusion surgery. Study Design: Case series. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Methods: All patients who underwent 1- or 2-level primary lumbar fusion surgery for degenerative pathologies performed by a single surgeon between January 2008 and October 2012 and had at least 1-year follow-up were included. Patients completed a specifically designed golf survey. Surveys were mailed, given during follow-up clinic, or answered during telephone contact. Results: A total of 353 patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, with 200 responses (57%) to the questionnaire producing 34 golfers. The average age of golfers was 57 years (range, 32-79 years). In 79% of golfers, preoperative back and/or leg pain significantly affected their ability to play golf. Within 1 year from surgery, 65% of patients returned to practice and 52% returned to course play. Only 29% of patients stated that continued back/leg pain limited their play. Twenty-five patients (77%) were able to play the same amount of golf or more than before fusion surgery. Of those providing handicaps, 12 (80%) reported the same or an improved handicap. Conclusion: More than 50% of golfers return to on-course play within 1 year of lumbar fusion surgery. The majority of golfers can return to preoperative levels in terms of performance (handicap) and frequency of play. Clinical Relevance: This investigation offers insight into when golfers return to sport after lumbar fusion surgery and provides surgeons with information to set realistic expectations postoperatively.
Endoscopic approach for management of biliary strictures in liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Aparício Dayse Pereira da Silva , Otoch José Pinhata , Montero Edna Frasson de Souza , Khan Muhammad Ali , Artifon Everson Luiz de Almeida 
Published: November 2016

The most common biliary complication after liver transplantation is anastomotic stricture (AS) and it can occur isolated or in combination with other complications. Liver graft from a cadaveric donor or a living donor has an influence on the incidence of biliary strictures as well as on the response to endoscopic treatment. Endoscopic treatment using balloon dilation and insertion of biliary stents by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is the initial approach to these complications.AimThe aim of this article is to compare different endoscopic techniques to treat post‐liver transplantation biliary strictures.MethodsThe search was carried out on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scielo‐LILACS and Cochrane Library databases through June 2015. A total of 1100 articles were retrieved. Ten clinical trials were analyzed, and seven were included in the meta‐analysis.ConclusionsThe endoscopic treatment of AS was equally effective when compared the use of fully covered self‐expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) vs. plastic stents, but the use of FCSEMS was associated with a lower complication risk. The treatment of AS with balloon dilation or balloon dilation associated with plastic stents presented similar results. Deceased donor liver transplantation reduced the risk of biliary stenosis and the endoscopic treatment in these patients was more effective when compared with Living donor liver transplantation.
Unexpected role for p19INK4d in posttranscriptional regulation of GATA1 and modulation of human terminal erythropoiesis
Authors: Han Xu , Zhang Jieying , Peng Yuanliang , Peng Minyuan , Chen Xiao , Chen Huiyong , Song Jianhui , Hu Xiao , Ye Mao , Li Jianglin , Sankaran Vijay G. , Hillyer Christopher D. , Mohandas Narla , An Xiuli , Liu Jing 
Published: November 2016

Key Points
Knockdown of CDKI p19INK4d impairs human terminal erythroid differentiation by decreasing GATA1 protein levels. GATA1 protein level is regulated by p19INK4d via the PEBP1-p-ERK-HSP70-GATA1 pathway.
Hemoglobin variants identified in the Uganda Sickle Surveillance Study
Authors: Schaefer Beverly A. , Kiyaga Charles , Howard Thad A. , Ndeezi Grace , Hernandez Arielle G. , Ssewanyana Isaac , Paniagua Mary C. , Ndugwa Christopher M. , Aceng Jane R. , Ware Russell E. 
Published: November 2016

Key PointsFive Hb variants were identified in the Uganda Sickle Surveillance Study with nonuniform distribution across the country. Recognition of IEF patterns and molecular techniques provide an algorithm for the diagnosis of hemoglobin variants in sub-Saharan Africa.
Liposomal delivery systems for intestinal lymphatic drug transport
Authors: Ahn Hyeji , Park Ji-Ho 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
Intestinal lymphatic drug delivery has been widely studied because drugs can bypass the first-pass metabolism in the liver via the lymphatic route, which increases oral bioavailability. Various lipid-based nanoparticles have been used to deliver hydrophobic drugs to the lymphatic pathway. This review focuses on the liposomal delivery systems used for intestinal lymphatic drug transport. Liposomal formulations have attracted particular attention because they can stimulate the production of chylomicrons and the incorporated drugs readily associate with enterocyte-derived chylomicrons, enhancing lymphatic drug transport. We believe that a full understanding of their contribution to intestinal drug translocation will lead to effective oral delivery with liposomal formulations.
Azimuthal AVO for tilted TI medium
Authors: Wang Hongwei , Peng Suping , Du Wenfeng 
Published: November 2016

With the incident P-wave, we derive approximate formulas for amplitudes and polarizations of waves reflected from and transmitted through a planar, horizontal boundary between an overlying isotropic medium and an underlying tilted transversely isotropic (TTI) medium assuming that the directions of the phase and group velocities are consistent. Provided that the velocities in the isotropic medium are equal to the velocities along the symmetry axis direction, we derive the relational expression between the propagation angle in the TTI medium and the propagation angle in the hypothetical isotropic medium, under the condition that the horizontal slowness is the same, and then we update the approximate formula of the polarization in the TTI medium. Provided that the slow and fast transverse waves (qS and SH) are generated simultaneously in the anisotropic interface, we linearize for a six-order Zoeppritz equation, derive the azimuthal formula of longitudinal and S-waves, and determine their detailed expressions within the symmetry axis plane. According to the derived azimuthal AVO formula, we establish medium models, compare the derived AVO with the precision, and obtain the following conclusions: (1) The dip angle for the symmetry axis with respect to the vertical may have a sufficiently large impact on AVO, and the vertical longitudinal wave can generate an S-wave. (2) For the derived AVO formula, within the symmetry axis plane, the fitting effect of the approximate and exact formulas is good; however, within the other incident planes, taking the azimuth angle 45° as an example, the approximation is suitable for the large impedance contrast if the anisotropic parameters are set properly. (3) The error between the approximation and precision is mainly caused by the difference between the reflected and transmitted angles, the velocities’ derivation with respect to azimuth, and the division of approximation into isotropic and anisotropic parts.
Application of thin-bed indicator and sweetness attribute in the evaluation of sediment composition and depositional geometry in coast-perpendicular subbasins, South Texas Gulf Coast
Authors: Ogiesoba Osareni C. 
Published: November 2016

My focus of study is the nature of sediments within late Eocene to middle Oligocene, coast-perpendicular subbasins located on the southwest side of the San Marcos Arch in Refugio County, near the South Texas Gulf Coast. Methods of investigation consist of 3D seismic interpretation, seismic attribute, and isochron mapping. Depositional geometry, inferred sediment composition, and bed-thickness data are examined by extraction of amplitude-envelope, sweetness, and thin-bed-indicator (TBI) attributes from the 3D seismic volume. Four subbasins, numbered SB1 through SB4 from northeast to southwest, are recognized. Although the coast-perpendicular subbasins formed at the same time and by the same processes, the sediment distribution, basin-fill history, and tectonics differ from subbasin to subbasin within the Jackson, Vicksburg, and Frio Formations. Amplitude envelopes extracted at base Jackson and at near-base Vicksburg Formation show that, although the distribution pattern of interpreted sandstone-prone sediments within each subbasin is mainly of sheet geometry, SB2 displays a pattern of short, narrow, linear features. Based on available well control, the sweetness and TBI attributes correlate well with [Formula: see text]. Crossplots between [Formula: see text] and sweetness exhibit a strong, linear, negative relationship — the sweetness value increases as the [Formula: see text] value decreases, suggesting an increasing sandstone content. In contrast, crossplots between [Formula: see text] and TBI exhibit a positive linear relationship — the TBI value increases as the [Formula: see text] value increases, suggesting an increasing shale content. Because the sweetness attribute may in some cases not detect some thin shale bed within a stratigraphic interval, it may overestimate the net:gross ratio. Therefore, a combined TBI and sweetness procedure is required to determine the net:gross ratio. The results show that the net:gross ratio decreases from SB1 closest to the San Marcos Arch, to SB4 farthest into the Rio Grande Embayment. The approach adopted in this study can be used to estimate net:gross ratios in frontier areas.
Proportional Switching in First-in, First-out Networks
Authors: Bramson Maury , D’Auria Bernardo , Walton Neil 
Published: November 2016

We consider a family of discrete time multihop switched queueing networks where each packet moves along a fixed route. In this setting, BackPressure is the canonical choice of scheduling policy; this policy has the virtues of possessing a maximal stability region and not requiring explicit knowledge of traffic arrival rates. BackPressure has certain structural weaknesses because implementation requires information about each route, and queueing delays can grow super-linearly with route length. For large networks, where packets over many routes are processed by a queue, or where packets over a route are processed by many queues, these limitations can be prohibitive. In this article, we introduce a scheduling policy for first-in, first-out networks, the ProportionalScheduler, which is based on the proportional fairness criterion. We show that, like BackPressure, the ProportionalScheduler has a maximal stability region and does not require explicit knowledge of traffic arrival rates. The ProportionalScheduler has the advantage that information about the network’s route structure is not required for scheduling, which substantially improves the policy’s performance for large networks. For instance, packets can be routed with only next-hop information and new nodes can be added to the network with only knowledge of the scheduling constraints.
Partial regularity up to the boundary for solutions of subquadratic elliptic systems
Authors: Tan Zhong , Wang Yanzhen , Chen Shuhong 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
In this paper, we are concerned with the nonlinear elliptic systems
in divergence form under controllable growth condition. We prove
that the weak solution u is locally Hölder continuous besides
a singular set by using the direct method and classical Morrey-type
estimates. Here the Hausdorff dimension of the singular set is less
than

n
-
p

{n-p}

. This result not only holds in the interior, but also
holds up to the boundary.
Role of non-motile microtubule-associated proteins in virus trafficking
Authors: Portilho Débora M. , Persson Roger , Arhel Nathalie 
Published: November 2016

AbstractViruses are entirely dependent on their ability to infect a host cell in order to replicate. To reach their site of replication as rapidly and efficiently as possible following cell entry, many have evolved elaborate mechanisms to hijack the cellular transport machinery to propel themselves across the cytoplasm. Long-range movements have been shown to involve motor proteins along microtubules (MTs) and direct interactions between viral proteins and dynein and/or kinesin motors have been well described. Although less well-characterized, it is also becoming increasingly clear that non-motile microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs), including structural MAPs of the MAP1 and MAP2 families, and microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs), can also promote viral trafficking in infected cells, by mediating interaction of viruses with filaments and/or motor proteins, and modulating filament stability. Here we review our current knowledge on non-motile MAPs, their role in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics and in viral trafficking during the early steps of infection.
A Fundamental Equivalence between Randomized Experiments and Observational Studies
Authors: Cole Stephen R. , Hudgens Michael G. , Edwards Jessie K. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract
A fundamental probabilistic equivalence between randomized experiments and observational studies is presented. Given a detailed scenario, the reader is asked to consider which of two possible study designs provides more information regarding the expected difference in an outcome due to a time-fixed treatment. A general solution is described, and a particular worked example is also provided. A mathematical proof is given in the appendix. The demonstrated equivalence helps to clarify common ground between randomized experiments and observational studies, and to provide a foundation for considering both the design and interpretation of studies.
Phosphorus Segregation in Meta-Rapidly Solidified Carbon Steels
Authors: Li Na , Qiao Jun , Zhang Junwei , Sha Minghong , Li Shengli 
Published: November 2016

AbstractTwin-roll strip casters for near-net-shape manufacture of steels have received increased attention in the steel industry. Although negative segregation of phosphorus occurred in twin-roll strip casting (TRSC) steels in our prior work, its mechanism is still unclear. In this work, V-shaped molds were designed and used to simulate a meta-rapid solidification process without roll separating force during twin roll casting of carbon steels. Experimental results show that no obvious phosphorus segregation exist in the V-shaped mold casting (VMC) steels. By comparing TRSC and the VMC, it is proposed that the negative phosphorus segregation during TRSC results from phosphorus redistribution driven by recirculating and vortex flow in the molten pool. Meanwhile, solute atoms near the advancing interface are overtaken and incorporated into the solid because of the high solidification speed. The high rolling force could promote the negative segregation of alloying elements in TRSC.
Medical student attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in medical education: a critical review
Authors: Joyce Paul , Wardle Jon , Zaslawski Chris 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
This paper aims to remedy a gap in the knowledge by presenting the first critical review of the literature on major themes relating to medical students perceptions and attitudes towards the exponentially growing field of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM).

Methods
After a comprehensive database search of the literature, 21 papers were chosen as suitable for the review. The results from these papers were tabled and discussed.

Results
The results indicated that medical students lacked knowledge of CAM and are generally positive towards CAM education (especially in the preclinical years, if it provided evidence of efficacy and post-placement). Medical students thought that CAM should generally be incorporated into the medical curriculum mainly so they can confidently undertake referral to CAM practitioners. Being able to communicate with future patients about their CAM use was a major motivation for medical students to learn about CAM and a factor for medical student support of further incorporation of CAM content in the medical curricula. Educational exposure to CAM in many forms and in many papers was shown to significantly affect medical student attitudes to CAM. This may be reflective of the fact that, outside direct CAM training, there may be limited accessible opportunities for medical students and if integration is to occur, educational exposure is most important.

Conclusions
The rise of CAM as a social and clinical phenomenon necessitates consideration of further inclusion of these topics in the medical curriculum, if future physicians are to be able to fully discharge their role as care providers in an increasingly medically pluralistic world. However, the inclusion of CAM needs to be done in an objective and critical manner, which is relevant to the learner.
DLBS3233, a combined bioactive fraction of Cinnamomum burmanii and Lagerstroemia speciosa, in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients inadequately controlled by metformin and other oral antidiabetic agents
Authors: Tjokroprawiro Askandar , Murtiwi Sri , Tjandrawinata Raymond R. 
Published: November 2016

Abstract

Background
DLBS3233, a combined bioactive fraction of Cinnamomum burmanii and Lagerstroemia speciosa, has preclinically demonstrated its beneficial effects on glucose and lipid metabolism through the upregulation of insulin-signal transduction. This study evaluated the clinical efficacy of an add-on therapy with DLBS3233 in type-2 diabetes mellitus subjects inadequately controlled by metformin and other oral antidiabetes.

Methods
This was an open and prospective clinical study for 12 weeks of therapy, involving type-2 diabetes mellitus patients who had been treated with two oral antidiabetic agents for at least 3 months prior to screening, yet, with HbA1c level was still beyond 7.0 %. DLBS3233 was given orally at the dose of 100 mg once daily in addition to their baseline oral antidiabetes medication. The primary end point was the reduction of HbA1c level; and the secondary end points were changes of fasting and 1-h postprandial glucose, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, adiponectin, and lipid profile, from their respective baseline.

Results
After 12 weeks of treatment, the HbA1c level was reduced by 0.65±1.58 % (p=0.001) from baseline (9.67±2.11 %); while the 1-h-PG level was reduced by –1.45±3.89 mmol/L (p=0.021) from baseline (15.29±4.49 mmol/L). Insulin sensitivity, lipid profile and adiponectin level were improved to a considerable extent. DLBS3233 did not adversely affect body weight, liver, and renal function. Most adverse events observed were tolerably mild and they all had been resolved by the end of the study.

Conclusions
The add-on oral antidiabetes therapy with DLBS3233 at the dose of 100 mg once daily helped type-2 diabetes mellitus patients to improve their glycemic control, enhance insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, and adiponectin level. In addition, DLBS3233 treatment concomitantly with other oral antidiabetic agents was proven safe and tolerable in type-2 diabetes subjects.
From Science to Survival: Using Virtual Exhibits to Communicate the Significance of Polar Heritage Sites in the Canadian Arctic
Authors: Dawson Peter , Levy Richard 
Published: November 2016

AbstractMany of Canada’s non-Indigenous polar heritage sites exist as memorials to the Heroic Age of
arctic and Antarctic Exploration which is associated with such events as the First International Polar Year,
the search for the Northwest Passage, and the race to the Poles. However, these and other key messages of
significance are often challenging to communicate because the remote locations of such sites severely limit
opportunities for visitor experience. This lack of awareness can make it difficult to rally support for costly
heritage preservation projects in arctic and Antarctic regions. Given that many polar heritage sites are being
severely impacted by human activity and a variety of climate change processes, this raises concerns. In
this paper, we discuss how virtual heritage exhibits can provide a solution to this problem. Specifically, we
discuss a recent project completed for the Virtual Museum of Canada at Fort Conger, a polar heritage site
located in Quttinirpaaq National Park on northeastern Ellesmere Island (http://fortconger.org).