bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Germline DNA Damage Repair Variants and Prognosis of Patients with High-Risk or Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Authors: Stopsack Konrad H. , Vijai Joseph , Conry Michael , Berchuck Jacob E. , Kemel Yelena , Vasselman Samantha E. , Freeman Dory A. , Lee Gwo-Shu M. , Mandelker Diana , Solit David B. , Morris Michael J. , Penney Kathryn L. , Abida Wassim , Offit Kenneth , Mucci Lorelei A. , Kantoff Philip W. , Pomerantz Mark M. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract

Purpose:
Deleterious germline variants in certain DNA repair genes are risk factors for developing aggressive prostate cancer. The objective was to quantify their prognostic impact after prostate cancer diagnosis.

Experimental Design:
Men with prostate cancer, predominantly of European ancestry, were included from four cohorts with long-term follow-up. Pathogenic or likely pathogenic germline variants in 26 DNA repair genes were assessed in relation to metastasis-free survival in high-risk localized prostate cancer and to overall survival in metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).

Results:
Among 3,525 patients initially diagnosed with nonmetastatic prostate cancer, 2,594 had high-risk localized prostate cancer, 429 had mCSPC, and 502 had mCRPC at inclusion. BRCA2 variant carriers did not have worse metastasis-free survival in high-risk localized prostate cancer [hazard ratio (HR), 1.01; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69–1.46] or overall survival in mCSPC (HR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.14–1.45) or mCRPC (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.31–1.17) compared with noncarriers of DNA repair variants. Among 868 additional patients with de novo metastatic (M1) prostate cancer, BRCA2 variant carriers tended to have worse overall survival (HR, 1.59; 95% CI, 1.01–2.51). BRCA2 prognostic associations were not explained by radiation, PARP inhibitor, or platinum therapy. Results for other genes were limited in precision because variants were less common.

Conclusions:
Among patients with high-risk or metastatic prostate cancer who were initially diagnosed with and treated for nonmetastatic tumors, germline DNA repair variants in BRCA2 do not confer a substantially worse prognosis.
Assessment of Bangus Culture Livelihood Project in Libmanan, Camarines Sur, Philippines
Authors: Agonos Emily M. 
Published: October 2024

The study assessed the bangus culture as the key livelihood initiative of the FishCORAL project of BFAR-V covering the coastal barangays in Libmanan, Camarines Sur. The assessment focused on identifying the enterprise's inputs, outputs, and outcomes and its economic and social impacts on the project beneficiaries. Interviews, focus group discussions, desk reviews, and field surveys were employed to evaluate the project achievements, including using an adopted model for monitoring and evaluation. Descriptive analysis and mixed methods were applied to data analysis.
Five associations take turns running the livelihood enterprise through the circular sea cage located at Barangay Bahao. The beneficiaries encountered challenges, such as the high cost of fuel used in going to and from the project site, especially those coming from far barangays; commercial markets were not yet considered for the product due to insufficient volume of harvest; and the association's need guidance in leadership and business management. Typhoons affected the project during its initial operation. Still, since the household size of the beneficiary families is primarily tiny, it is easier for them to sustain the family's basic needs with incomes from fishing and other alternative sources. The fishing households share the livelihood assets available in the community. The project achievements met the criteria for relevance, coherence, availability, and perceived utility viz-a-viz the business objectives. Recommended measures, organizational capability, support systems, and internal disagreements must be addressed to sustain the Bangus culture livelihood project.
Multi‐Organ Phenotypes of Offspring Born Following Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sattwika Prenali Dwisthi , Schuermans Art , Cutler Hannah Rebecca , Alkhodari Mohanad , Anggraeni Vita Yanti , Nurdiati Detty Siti , Lapidaire Winok , Leeson Paul , Lewandowski Adam James 
Published: October 2024

Background
Hypertensive pregnancies are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and neurological diseases in the offspring during later life. However, less is known about the potential impact on multi‐organ phenotypes in offspring before disease symptoms occur. The objective of this systematic review was to determine the associations of fetal exposure to maternal hypertensive pregnancy with multi‐organ phenotypes across developmental stages.

Methods and Results

Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials), WoS, Scopus, CINAHL, and
ClinicalTrials.gov
were systematically searched until February 2024. Records were independently screened by 2 authors. Studies reporting on the structure or function of the heart, blood vessels, brain, liver, and kidneys in offspring of hypertensive pregnancies compared with a normotensive control population were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle‐Ottawa Scale. Extracted data were presented using harvest plots. Seventy‐three studies including 7091 offspring of hypertensive pregnancies and 42 164 controls were identified that met the inclusion criteria. Thirty‐two studies were investigations in fetuses, 24 in neonates and infants, 12 in children, 2 in adolescents, and 3 in adults. Offspring of hypertensive pregnancies had structural and functional changes in the heart compared with controls in some studies across developmental stages. Offspring of hypertensive pregnancies also had smaller occipital and parietal vessels, higher aortic intima‐media thickness, and lower retinal arteriolar‐to‐venular ratio. Some conflicting evidence existed for other phenotypical alterations.

Conclusions
There is still inconsistent evidence of multi‐organ structural and functional differences in offspring of hypertensive pregnancies. The evidence base could therefore be further strengthened through well‐designed and conducted prospective studies.

Registration Information

www.crd.york.ac.uk
. Unique Identifier: CRD42023387550.
Global Results of Implantable Loop Recorder for Detection of Atrial Fibrillation After Stroke: Reveal LINQ Registry
Authors: Toyoda Kazunori , Kusano Kengo , Iguchi Yasuyuki , Ikeda Takanori , Morishima Itsuro , Tomita Hirofumi , Asano Taku , Yamane Teiichi , Nakahara Ichiro , Watanabe Eiichi , Koyama Junjiroh , Kato Ritsushi , Morita Hiroshi , Hirano Teruyuki , Soejima Kyoko , Owada Shingen , Abe Haruhiko , Yasaka Masahiro , Nakamura Toshihiro , Kasner Scott , Natale Andrea , Beinart Sean , Amin Alpesh N. , Pouliot Erika , Franco Noreli , Hidaka Kazuhiro , Okumura Ken 
Published: October 2024

Background
We aimed to quantify the incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with cryptogenic stroke globally, as well as separately in patients in and outside of Japan, using an implantable loop recorder from a prospective, observational, Reveal LINQ Registry.

Methods and Results

Patients developing cryptogenic stroke and monitored by implantable loop recorder for searching AF were studied. The primary end point was incidence of AF within 36 months after insertion. Secondary end points were recurrent ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack and AF‐related treatment strategies. A total of 271 patients (61.6±14.3 years, 170 men, 60 from Japan) were enrolled from 12 countries. AF was detected in 28.2% at 36 months. The median time from enrollment to AF detection was 7.9 months. During the first 12 months, the AF detection rate slope was relatively steeper in the Japanese subgroup versus non‐Japanese patients. However, by 3 years, the cumulative incidence of AF detection did not differ between groups. Age was the only variable associated with AF detection (hazard ratio, 1.05 [95% CI, 1.02–1.07] per year), trending higher in older age groups. Of the 271 patients, 11 (4.1%) developed recurrent ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack; AF was detected by implantable loop recorder in only 1 of these patients. Patients with detected AF were more commonly taking oral anticoagulation than those without AF at the last follow‐up (64.7% versus 25.3%,
P
<0.001).

Conclusions
The rate of AF detection was similar to other studies in stroke populations monitored by implantable loop recorders, including CRYSTAL‐AF (Cryptogenic Stroke and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation), STROKE‐AF (Stroke of Unknown Cause and Underlying Atrial Fibrillation) and PER‐DIEM (Post‐Embolic Rhythm Detection With Implantable Versus External Monitoring). Patients with detected AF more commonly initiated anticoagulation than those without AF.
Characteristics, Predictors, and Clinical Outcomes in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction According to a 1‐Year Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction Following Sacubitril/Valsartan Treatment
Authors: Park Chan Soon , Park Jiesuck , Bae Nan Young , Kwak Soongu , Choi Hong‐Mi , Yoon Yeonyee E. , Lee Seung‐Pyo , Kim Yong‐Jin , Hwang In‐Chang , Kim Hyung‐Kwan 
Published: October 2024

Background
Optimal medical treatment can lead to improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients with heart failure with reduced EF (HFrEF). We investigated the characteristics, predictors, and outcomes of HFrEF according to the 1‐year LVEF following angiotensin receptor–neprilysin inhibitors therapy (ARNI).

Methods and Results

Using the STRATS‐HF‐ARNI (Strain for Risk Assessment and Therapeutic Strategies in Patients With Heart Failure Treated With Angiotensin Receptor‐Neprilysin Inhibitor) registry, we identified 1074 patients with HFrEF who took ARNI and underwent baseline and 1‐year echocardiography. Patients were classified as HF with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) and persistent HFrEF (perHFrEF) (1‐year LVEF >40% and ≤40%). The primary and secondary outcomes were all‐cause and cardiac mortality from the 1‐year follow‐up. Among 1074 included patients, 498 (46.4%) had HFimpEF, and 576 (53.6%) had perHFrEF. Older age, male sex, and large LV end‐diastolic volumes were positive predictors of perHFrEF, whereas atrial fibrillation and high systolic blood pressure were identified as inverse predictors. Patients with HFimpEF showed lower all‐cause and cardiac mortality rates (both log‐rank
P
<0.001). In the multivariable analysis, perHFrEF (hazard ratio, 2.402 [95% CI, 1.251–4.610];
P
=0.008) was an independent predictor of poor outcomes. The risk of all‐cause mortality decreased as the 1‐year LVEF increased up to 40%; however, no additional risk reduction was observed beyond 40%. Compared with patients taking renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors in the STRATS‐AHF (Strain for Risk Assessment and Therapeutic Strategies in Patients With Acute Heart Failure) registry, those in the STRATS‐HF‐ARNI registry demonstrated better outcomes in both HFimpEF and perHFrEF.

Conclusions
Patients with HFimpEF had better prognosis than those with perHFrEF, and ARNI treatment in HFrEF could be more beneficial than renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system inhibitors for both HFimpEF and perHFrEF.

Registration

URL:
https://www.who.int/clinical‐trials‐registry‐platform
; Unique identifier: KCT0008098.
Dynamic functional connectivity to tile the spatiotemporal mosaic of brain states
Authors: Van De Ville Dimitri , Liégeois Raphaël 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Resting-state fMRI has spurred an impressive amount of methods development, among which dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) is one important branch. However, the relevance of time-varying and time-resolved features has led to debate, to which we want to bring in our viewpoint. We argue that, while statistically many dFC features extracted from resting state are contained within a sufficiently strong null model, these features can still reflect underlying neuronal activity. The use of naturalistic experimental paradigms, at the boundary between resting state and task, is essential to validate their relevance. In parallel, leveraging methods that specifically rely on sparsity is an avenue to strengthen the statistical significance of time-resolved information carried by ongoing brain activity.
Behavioral responses of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to sudden loud noises
Authors: Nakamichi Masayuki , Yamada Kazunori 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
We opportunistically observed 31 cases of responses to sudden loud noises mainly caused by falling rocks and trees in a free-ranging, provisioned group of Japanese macaques, Macaca fuscata, at Katsuyama, Japan, and analyzed 27 cases for which we successfully recorded their responses. In 88% of the 24 cases in which the highest- or second-highest ranking adult male probably heard the noise, one or both of them vocalized aggressively in response. Other males tended to vocalize when they were far away from the two highest-ranking males (in 5 of 7 cases in which they vocalized). Adult females vocalized in only 8% of cases, even when they fled from the noise source. These findings suggest that, unlike tree-shaking and female-directed aggression – both performed often in the mating season and accompanied by vocalizations in both high- and low-ranking males of Japanese macaques – vocalizing in response to sudden loud noises is usually limited to one or two high-ranking males in the vicinity. This vocal response could be a way for the males to advertise their social status; it may also serve to calm group members scared by the noise, preventing them from fleeing in panic and dispersing widely. Our observations also suggest that males may monitor which other males remain nearby, and that whereas females may scream in response to socially induced fear, they are least likely to do so in response to fear arising from non-social contexts.
A preliminary study on the degradation of AFB1 by Tenebrio molitor, Rhizopus oryzae and Trichoderma reesei
Authors: Daniso E. , Pascon G. , Uboni C. , Tulli F. 
Published: October 2024

Abstract
Recently, genus Aspergillus, a fungus capable of producing aflatoxins, secondary highly toxic metabolites, has spread to new areas. These areas became suitable habitats due to the recent climate changes. The use of aflatoxin-contaminated crops is a cause of great concern in guaranteeing food safety and is responsible for major economic losses along the supply chain. For this reason, several strategies have been investigated to utilize these contaminated products as a possible food or feed resource by reducing or eliminating their aflatoxin content, but with limited relevant success. The presented study was aimed to evaluate a combination of biological processes to use aflatoxin B1 contaminated crops for their reintroduction into the production chain. The high tolerance to AFB1 and the apparent lack of accumulation in yellow mealworm larvae, reared on wheat bran substrates, spiked with increasing AFB1 concentration (0, 125, 250, 500 μg/kg) to obtain proteins of high biological value. Subsequently, the aflatoxin-degrading capacity of Rhizopus oryzae and Trichoderma reesei was applied to insect breeding waste (frass) in a fermentation process to ensure further utilization of biohazardous frass as soil conditioner. Individually, each process proven to be able to reduce the AFB1 present by about 80%, while the combination of the two approaches ensured the total degradation of aflatoxin B1-contaminated substrate and frass, which resulted in the possible production of biomass, that could be used for the feed and agricultural industry.
Outcome Measures in intellectual disability: A Review and narrative synthesis of validated instruments
Authors: Kumar Mrityunjai , Sawhney Indermeet , Chester Verity , Alexander Regi , Mitchell James , Shankar Rohit 
Published: October 2024

Background Outcome measurement is essential to determine the effectiveness of health interventions and improve the quality of services. The interplay of social, individual, and biological factors makes this a complex process in the psychiatry of people with intellectual disability (PwID). Aim Review of outcome measures which are validated in PwID Methods A PRISMA-guided review was conducted, using a predefined criteria and a relevant word combination on four databases: EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL and PsycINFO. Each included study was examined for relevance to intellectual disability psychiatry. The psychometric data of each tool was critically assessed. Findings were narratively synthesised. Results Of 1,548 articles, 35 met the inclusion criteria. Several outcome measures were identified relevant to intellectual disability psychiatry, including tools for challenging/offending behavior, specific neurodevelopmental/clinical conditions such as ADHD, epilepsy, and dementia however, psychometric properties, validity and reliability varied considerably. The tools identified were largely clinician rated, with a dearth of measures suitable for completion by patients or their family carers. Conclusion Most outcome measures used for PwID lack suitable psychometric properties including validity or reliability for use within the ID population. Of importance, those with alternative expression or are non-verbal have been excluded from the research developing and reporting on measurement instruments. There is an underserved population who risk being left behind in the era of value-based medicine and increasing use of outcome measurement when assessing the effectiveness of healthcare interventions on individual and population levels. This is the first of its kind review in this area.
The Relationship Between Time-Related Characteristics of Visual Impairment and Psychological Symptoms in Adults Who Are Blind
Authors: Choi Soyoung 
Published: October 2024

Introduction The prevalence of depression among blind people is higher than in sighted populations. The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between time-related characteristics of visual impairment (i.e., onset and duration), as well as depressive symptoms, fatigue, sleepiness, and stress, in the context of self-reported total blindness and the inability to perceive light exposure. Methods This study employed a cross-sectional design utilizing the combination of online survey and telephone survey. The Centre for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Inventory, the Fatigue Syndrome Inventory, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, and the Perceived Stress Scale were selected for the self-reported questionnaires. For statistical analysis, independent t-tests, analysis of variance tests, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney tests, chi-square tests, multiple linear regression models, and multivariable ordinal logistic regressions were conducted using the R software program and its required packages. Results A total of 154 respondents completed the online and telephone surveys. Although the number of years of experiencing blindness showed negative correlations with the scores of fatigue ( r = −.16, p < .05), stress ( r = −.18, p < .05), and depressive feelings ( r = −.21, p < .05) in Model 1, the impacts of the onset of blindness on the depressive symptoms (β = −.02, p = .570) and the presence of severe depressive symptoms, OR = 1.42, 95% CI [0.49, 4.19], p = .518, were insignificant in Model 2. Discussion Blindness seems to be regarded as a more severe chronic condition which affects individuals’ psychological status. Given the effects of the limited range of social activities and daily tasks and the dramatically reduced accessible visual information inputs, the severe depressive symptoms in this group can be understood. Implications for Practitioners Regular counseling and psychological services monitoring depressive symptoms, chronic fatigue, and severe distress should be continued even after the completion of rehabilitation programs.
HER2 in Gastric Cancer: A Comprehensive Analysis Combining Meta-Analysis and DCE-MRI Radiomics
Authors: Shen Liyijing , Li Yaoqing , Huang Huizhen , Lu Zengxin , Chen Bo 
Published: October 2024

Objective Advanced gastric cancer (AGC) is a severe malignant tumor, and overexpression of HER2/ERBB2 may play a crucial role in its development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the overexpression of HER2/ERBB2 in gastric cancer through a meta-analysis and examine its relationship with perfusion parameters using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) technology. Methods We conducted an extensive literature search and collected relevant studies for the meta-analysis. We used a random-effects model and assigned weights using the “inverse variance” method. Additionally, we included 95 AGC patients diagnosed pathologically between April 2018 and October 2021. They all underwent DCE-MRI scans, and the data were subsequently analyzed using the Omni kinetic software. HER2 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results The meta-analysis revealed an overall odds ratio (OR) of .21 for HER2/ERBB2 overexpression in gastric cancer, with a 95% confidence interval of [.14, .30]. DCE-MRI results showed a significant association between high HER2 expression and poor tumor differentiation ( P < .005). The extracellular volume fraction (Ecv) quantile, mean, relative deviation, median intensity, and difference entropy were significantly higher in the low HER2 expression group compared to the high HER2 expression group. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the area under the curve (AUC) values of DCE-MRI radiomic parameters with significant differences were close to .7. Conclusion Overexpression of HER2/ERBB2 in gastric cancer is significantly associated with certain radiomic parameters of DCE-MRI, providing a valuable diagnostic tool for clinical practice. Furthermore, the meta-analysis further confirmed the critical role of HER2/ERBB2 in the development of gastric cancer.
Safety and complications associated with tunneling and pseudotunneling techniques during PICC and Midline insertion
Authors: Elli Stefano , Cavalli Silvia , Fantini Valentina , Fragapane Marco , Salvoldi Nicola , Zappa Paolo , Zedde Daniela , Impaziente Sabrina , D’Amata Dario 
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Peripherally Inserted Central Catheters and Midline Catheters are particularly attractive because of their favorable risk/benefit ratio. If the ideal venipuncture site is in an area inappropriate for catheter emergence, a valid alternative is the tunneling technique, which allows the exit site to be moved to reach the optimal position. There are two main types of tunneling techniques: standard tunnel, using a tunneling device (metal tunneler or peel-away tunneler), and pseudo-tunnel. As much as both are recognized as appropriate and safe, there are still few literature data indicating the criteria for choosing and using the two techniques and the possible related complications. Methods: This retrospective observational investigation analyzed data regarding intra- and post-procedural complications of tunneled catheters inserted using two different techniques. The sample was stratified into three subgroups: (1) Standard Tunnel (patients with no PLT or INR disorders), (2) Pseudotunnel (patients with no PLT or INR disorders), and (3) Pseudotunnel (patients with any PLT or INR disorder). Data regarding the procedure, at 24 h and 7 days were collected and analyzed. Results: A total of 143 patients who underwent tunneled catheter insertion were included in the study. Among these, 113 patients were divided into subgroups 1 and 2 and 30 were assigned to subgroup 3. No significant differences were found among the three subgroups regarding immediate, short, and medium-term tunnel complications. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest that both standard and pseudo-tunnels provide comparable levels of safety and comfort for patients. It was noted that Pseudotunnel offers an equivalent level of safety for patients with coagulation disorders related to PLT and INR, rendering it comparable to a “minimally invasive procedure,” which necessitates the same precautions as a non-tunneled PICC.