bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
NODDI reproducibility and variability with magnetic field strength: A comparison between 1.5 T and 3 T
Authors: Chung Ai Wern , Seunarine Kiran K. , Clark Chris A. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDiffusion models are advantageous for examining brain microstructure non‐invasively and their validation is important for transference into the clinical domain. Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging (NODDI) is a promising model for estimating multiple diffusion compartments from MRI data acquired in a clinically feasible time. As a relatively new model, it is necessary to examine NODDI under certain experimental conditions, such as change in magnetic field‐strength, and assess it in relation to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), an established model that is largely understood by the neuroimaging community. NODDI measures (intracellular volume fraction, νic, and orientation distribution, OD) were compared with DTI at 1.5 and 3 T data in healthy adults in whole‐brain tissue masks and regions of white‐ and deep grey‐matter. Within‐session reproducibility and between‐subject differences of NODDI with field‐strength were also investigated. Field‐strength had a significant effect on NODDI measures, suggesting careful interpretation of results from data acquired at 1.5 and 3 T. It was demonstrated that NODDI is feasible at 1.5 T, but with lower νic in white‐matter regions compared with 3 T. Furthermore, the advantages of NODDI over DTI in a region of complex microstructure were shown. Specifically, in the centrum‐semiovale where FA is typically as low as in grey‐matter, νic was comparable to other white‐matter regions yet accompanied by an OD similar to deep grey‐matter. In terms of reproducibility, NODDI measures varied more than DTI. It may be that NODDI is more susceptible to noisier parameter estimates when compared with DTI, conversely it may have greater sensitivity to true within‐ and between‐subject heterogeneity. Hum Brain Mapp 37:4550–4565, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Psychophysiological whole‐brain network clustering based on connectivity dynamics analysis in naturalistic conditions
Authors: Raz Gal , Shpigelman Lavi , Jacob Yael , Gonen Tal , Benjamini Yoav , Hendler Talma 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe introduce a novel method for delineating context‐dependent functional brain networks whose connectivity dynamics are synchronized with the occurrence of a specific psychophysiological process of interest. In this method of context‐related network dynamics analysis (CRNDA), a continuous psychophysiological index serves as a reference for clustering the whole‐brain into functional networks. We applied CRNDA to fMRI data recorded during the viewing of a sadness‐inducing film clip. The method reliably demarcated networks in which temporal patterns of connectivity related to the time series of reported emotional intensity. Our work successfully replicated the link between network connectivity and emotion rating in an independent sample group for seven of the networks. The demarcated networks have clear common functional denominators. Three of these networks overlap with distinct empathy‐related networks, previously identified in distinct sets of studies. The other networks are related to sensorimotor processing, language, attention, and working memory. The results indicate that CRNDA, a data‐driven method for network clustering that is sensitive to transient connectivity patterns, can productively and reliably demarcate networks that follow psychologically meaningful processes.Hum Brain Mapp 37:4654–4672, 2016. ©2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of cartilaginous matrix components on the chondrogenesis and hypertrophy of mesenchymal stem cells in hyaluronic acid hydrogels
Authors: Zhu Meiling , Feng Qian , Sun Yuxin , Li Gang , Bian Liming 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe microenvironment of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in directing the viability and subsequent differentiation of the encapsulated stem cells by the specific integration between the hydrated biomolecules and cell surface receptors. Herein, we developed a hydrogel platform based on hyaluronic acid (HA) that presents cartilage ECM molecules as a form of developmental cues. The hybrid hydrogels were generated by coupling photo‐cross‐linkable methacrylated HA (MeHA) with selected cartilaginous ECM molecules including chondroitin sulfate (CS) and type I collagen (Col I), and we studied the decoupled function of these cues in regulating the initial chondrogenesis, subsequent hypertrophy, and tissue mineralization by hMSCs. The results indicate upregulated mRNA expression of the chondrogenesis markers in the HA hydrogels that contain Col I or CS, and decreased expression of the hypertrophic markers compared with the control MeHA group. The quantification results also show that glycosaminoglycans accumulation increases in the hybrid hydrogels containing cartilaginous ECM molecules, both in vitro and in vivo. We hypothesize that these additional ECM components in the HA hydrogels further regulate the hMSCs chondrogenesis and hypertrophy by coordination. The understanding obtained in this study may guide biomaterial scaffold design, thereby facilitating manipulation of the differentiation and mineralization of induced hMSCs for application in the repair of different musculoskeletal defects. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 105B: 2292–2300, 2017.
Evidence for the Propositions of the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide Among a Military Sample
Authors: Silva Caroline , Hagan Christopher R. , Rogers Megan L. , Chiurliza Bruno , Podlogar Matthew C. , Hom Melanie A. , Tzoneva Mirela , Lim Ingrid C. , Joiner Thomas E. 
Published: August 2016

ObjectiveAlthough the interpersonal theory of suicide may explain the elevated suicide risk among military service members, past explorations have been equivocal. This study aimed to investigate the propositions of the interpersonal theory in a sample of U.S. Army recruiters.MethodParticipants (N = 3,428) completed self‐report measures assessing the interpersonal theory's constructs (i.e., thwarted belongingness (TB), perceived burdensomeness (PB), acquired capability for suicide), current suicidal ideation, agitation, and insomnia. History of depression was obtained from medical records.ResultsHierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that the interaction between TB and PB was associated with current suicidal ideation, controlling for depression, agitation, and insomnia. This effect was especially notable among those with high capability for suicide.ConclusionFindings provide support for the interpersonal theory in a large, diverse military sample. It may be advantageous to assess and therapeutically address TB and PB among at‐risk service members.
Seasonal predictive skill of intraseasonal synoptic type variability over the Cape south coast of South Africa by making use of the Met Office Global Seasonal Forecast System 5
Authors: Engelbrecht Christien J. , Landman Willem A. , Graham Richard , McLean Peter 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTThe skill in predicting intraseasonal characteristics of synoptic type occurrences at the seasonal time scale over the all‐year rainfall region of South Africa (35°–33°S and 21°–27°E) is assessed by utilizing an ensemble of simulations performed using the GloSea5 coupled ocean–atmosphere model. Hindcasts of daily sea‐level pressure fields of 14 austral spring [September–October–November (SON)] and summer [December–January–February (DJF)] seasons, initialized in August and November, respectively, are analysed. The skill assessment is achieved through the use of self‐organizing maps. Deterministic and probabilistic assessment of synoptic type frequency forecasts indicate that intraseasonal circulation variability over the Cape south coast region is marginally predictable at seasonal time scales, more so during SON than DJF. In particular, the results obtained demonstrate that there is potential for the skillful seasonal prediction of the anomalous frequency of occurrence of high‐impact rainfall events associated with cut‐off lows within SON seasons.
A Straightforward Estimation of Activation and Deactivation Parameters for ATRP Systems from Actual Polymerization Rate and Molecular Weight Distribution Data
Authors: Mastan Erlita , Zhu Shiping 
Published: August 2016

The accuracy of a model prediction relies heavily on the quality of the parameters used. Some of the available methods to estimate the activation and deactivation rate constants in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) are done in the absence of monomer, hence they may not be representative of the polymerization conditions. Others offer great accuracy but requires data that are not commonly measured in experiments. In this study, a simple method is proposed to estimate activation and deactivation rate constants through correlating the recently reported theoretical equations with experimental data of monomer conversion and polymer molecular weight dispersity. The kinetics and dispersity equations used are straightforward and explicit, thus can be easily calculated. Only two parameters (activation and deactivation rate constant) are involved in the correlation of two data sets without any other adjustable parameters. In addition, the experimental data required are some of the most often measured quantities in polymerization, thus no additional experiments or measurements are required. Since the conversion and dispersity are obtained from actual polymerization, the reaction rate constants estimated are representative of the real reaction conditions. The applicability of this method is demonstrated by estimating parameters using reported experimental data of ATRP of methyl methacrylate conducted at various conditions.
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Dominant‐negative mutation p.Arg324Thr in KCNA1 impairs Kv1.1 channel function in episodic ataxia
Authors: Tristán‐Clavijo Enriqueta , Scholl Francisco G. , Macaya Alfons , Iglesias Gemma , Rojas Ana M. , Lucas Miguel , Castellano Antonio , Martinez‐Mir Amalia 
Published: August 2016

ABSTRACTBackgroundEpisodic ataxia type 1 is a rare autosomal dominant neurological disorder caused by mutations in the KCNA1 gene that encodes the α subunit of voltage‐gated potassium channel Kv1.1. The functional consequences of identified mutations on channel function do not fully correlate with the clinical phenotype of patients.MethodsA clinical and genetic study was performed in a family with 5 patients with episodic ataxia type 1, with concurrent epilepsy in 1 of them. Protein expression, modeling, and electrophysiological analyses were performed to study Kv1.1 function.ResultsWhole‐genome linkage and candidate gene analyses revealed the novel heterozygous mutation p.Arg324Thr in the KCNA1 gene. The encoded mutant Kv1.1 channel displays reduced currents and altered activation and inactivation.ConclusionsTaken together, we provide genetic and functional evidence that mutation p.Arg324Thr in the KCNA1 gene is pathogenic and results in episodic ataxia type 1 through a dominant‐negative effect. © 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Automated eye blink detection and correction method for clinical MR eye imaging
Authors: Wezel Joep , Garpebring Anders , Webb Andrew G. , van Osch Matthias J.P. , Beenakker Jan‐Willem M. 
Published: August 2016

PurposeTo implement an on‐line monitoring system to detect eye blinks during ocular MRI using field probes, and to reacquire corrupted k‐space lines by means of an automatic feedback system integrated with the MR scanner.MethodsSix healthy subjects were scanned on a 7 Tesla MRI whole‐body system using a custom‐built receive coil. Subjects were asked to blink multiple times during the MR‐scan. The local magnetic field changes were detected with an external fluorine‐based field probe which was positioned close to the eye. The eye blink produces a field shift greater than a threshold level, this was communicated in real‐time to the MR system which immediately reacquired the motion‐corrupted k‐space lines.ResultsThe uncorrected images, using the original motion‐corrupted data, showed severe artifacts, whereas the corrected images, using the reacquired data, provided an image quality similar to images acquired without blinks.ConclusionField probes can successfully detect eye blinks during MRI scans. By automatically reacquiring the eye blink‐corrupted data, high quality MR‐images of the eye can be acquired. Magn Reson Med 78:165–171, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
A density functional theory investigation of the stability, aromaticity, and photophysical behavior for the highly conjugated macrocycles containing 4 pyrroles
Authors: Wei Wei , Bai Fu‐Quan , Xia Bao‐Hui , Wang Jian , Zhang Hong‐Xing 
Published: August 2016

AbstractPorphyrin (Pr), porphycene (Pc), and [22]porphyrin(2.2.2.2) (P[22]) have been theoretically investigated. We design 2 highly conjugated macrocycles containing 4 pyrroles with different linkage bridges, which are named for 4 pyrrole (Pf) and methylene‐dipyrrolidine (Pm), as the theoretical model so as to investigate the stability, aromaticity, and photophysical behavior of these porphyrin derivatives, and the influence of getting or losing electron to the neutral molecule. The geometric structures of the molecules are optimized by density functional theory method. The absorptions are calculated by the time‐dependent density functional theory method. Based on the optimized structures, the nucleus‐independent chemical shifts (NICS) are calculated. The molecule with negative NICS value possesses larger highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)‐lowest occupied molecular orbital (LUMO) gap than that with positive NICS value, the molecule with bigger positive NICS value possesses smaller HOMO‐LUMO gap, and the molecule with bigger negative NICS value (in absolute value) possesses bigger HOMO‐LUMO gap. The current density indicates that the π‐electron delocalization is more effective in Pr and Pc than in Pf, Pm, and P[22] and corresponds to the stability of molecules. The absorptions of the molecules are all in the UV‐visible and infrared regions. The major transitions for most of the molecules are all from HOMO to LUMO. Compared with Pf2−, Pr2−, Pc2−, and P[22]2−, Pm2− shows distinctive photophysical properties, which is due to the reduced HOMO‐LUMO gap, structural distortion, and strong antiaromaticity.
The dye SYPRO orange binds to amylin amyloid fibrils but not pre‐fibrillar intermediates
Authors: Wong Amy G. , Raleigh Daniel P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAmyloid deposition underlies a broad range of diseases including multiple neurodegenerative diseases, systemic amyloidosis and type‐2 diabetes. Amyloid sensitive dyes, particularly thioflavin‐T, are widely used to detect ex‐vivo amyloid deposits, to monitor amyloid formation in vitro and to follow the kinetics of amyloid self‐assembly. We show that the dye SYPRO‐orange binds to amyloid fibrils formed by human amylin, the polypeptide responsible for islet amyloid formation in type‐2 diabetes. No fluorescence enhancement is observed in the presence of pre‐fibrillar species or in the presence of non‐amyloidogenic rat amylin. The kinetics of human amylin amyloid formation can be monitored by SYPRO‐orange fluorescence and match the time course determined with thioflavin‐T assays. Thus, SYPRO‐orange offers an alternative to thioflavin‐T assays of amylin amyloid formation. The implications for the interpretation of SYPRO‐orange‐based assays of protein stability and protein‐ligand interactions are discussed.
Mechanical and microstructural properties of neutron irradiated Fe–Cr–C alloys
Authors: Konstantinović M. J. , Renterghem W. Van , Matijašević M. , Minov B. , Lambrecht M. , Toyama T. , Chiapetto M. , Malerba L. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractDefect properties of neutron irradiated Fe–Cr–C alloys and their influence on the mechanical behavior are studied by combining mechanical tests, microstructural examination, and the results of models. It is found that the initial microstructure of these alloys, determined by the Cr and C concentrations, as well as by the thermal treatment, can account for different defect formation and distribution after neutron irradiation. On the basis of these results, a correlation between defect properties and macroscopic mechanical behavior is proposed.
Full characterization of a carbon nanotube parallel double quantum dot
Authors: Abulizi Gulibusitan , Baumgartner Andreas , Schönenberger Christian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractWe have measured the differential conductance of a parallel carbon nanotube (CNT) double quantum dot (DQD) with strong inter‐dot capacitance and inter‐dot tunnel coupling. Nominally, the device consists of a single CNT with two contacts. However, we identify two sets of Coulomb blockade (CB) diamonds that do not block transport individually, which suggest that two quantum dots (QDs) are contacted in parallel. We find strong and periodic anti‐crossings in the gate and bias dependence, which are only possible if the QDs have similar characteristics. We discuss qualitatively the level spectrum and the involved transport processes in this device and extract the DQD coupling parameters. These results lead us to believe that clean and undoped QDs are formed parallel to the CNT axis, possibly on the outer and inner shells of a multi‐wall CNT, or in a double‐stranded CNT bundle.
Optical and structural investigation of Cu2ZnSnS4 based solar cells
Authors: Teixeira Jennifer P. , Salomé Pedro M. P. , Sousa Marta G. , Fernandes Paulo A. , Sadewasser Sascha , da Cunha António F. , Leitão Joaquim P. 
Published: August 2016

AbstractThe structural and optical properties of two solar cells in which the CuZnSnS absorber layer was sulphurized by two different methods (S flux and graphite box), were studied. The grain sizes are dependent on the sulphurization method, the larger ones being obtained for the sulphurization in a S flux. The optical properties were investigated by photoluminescence (PL). A broad and asymmetric band was observed for the sample with the larger grains, whereas for the other one a very broad emission was obtained, mostly influenced by the CdS buffer layer. The dependence on the excitation power revealed the influence of fluctuating potentials created by strong doping and high compensation of the absorber layer. Radiative recombination channels are quite different from the ones typical of semiconductor materials with flat bands. A relationship between the PL intensity from the absorber layer measured at low temperatures, and the final PV performance is established. Thus, we propose that PL can be used as an evaluation experimental technique in order to decide if a certain absorber should be processed into a full solar cell or not.
Restnutzungsdauerberechnung eines Doppellenkerkrans
Authors: Streb Uwe , Winter Florian 
Published: August 2016

AbstractZiel dieses Artikels ist es, am Beispiel eines Doppellenkerkrans einen Betriebsfestigkeitsnachweis mit anschließender Beurteilung der voraussichtlichen Restnutzungsdauer unter der Annahme des Nennspannungskonzeptes zu führen. Um dieses vielseitige Problem zu lösen, wurde der Nachweis in mehrere Teilaufgaben gegliedert. Ein Rechenbeispiel wird anhand eines Bauteils des Kranes geführt. Für die abschließende Beurteilung der gesamten Konstruktion wird der Nachweis an acht weiteren Stellen der Konstruktion auf Basis des Rechenbeispiels geführt.Calculation of the remaining useful life of a double jib crane. The scope of this paper is to carry out a fatigue strength analysis with subsequent assessment of the expected remaining useful life, under the assumption of the rated voltage concept, with the example of a double jib crane. To solve this problem a proof has been divided into several subtasks. A sample calculation is performed on the basis of a component of the crane. For the final assessment of the overall construction, the check is carried out at eight other locations of the construction on the basis of the calculation example.
Anwendung von Megaverbundstützen im Anlagenbau
Authors: Dürr André , Gong Fengyan 
Published: August 2016

AbstractAnlagenkontruktionen im Industriebau können durchaus Bauhöhen von 150 m haben. Diese Konstruktionen werden bisher üblicherweise entweder in reiner Stahlbauweise oder in reiner Massivbauweise ausgeführt. Als Alternative hierzu können die Stützen dieser Konstruktionen aber auch in Verbundbauweise ausgeführt werden. Bei HOCHTIEF wurden in letzten Jahren zu dieser Bauweise mit betongefüllten Stahlhohlprofilen, so genannten Megaverbundstützen, umfangreiche Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Die beiden Querschnittsformen als rechteckiges oder kreisförmiges betongefülltes Stahlhohlprofil werden im Rahmen dieses Artikels in statischer, konstruktiver und fertigungstechnischer Hinsicht ausführlich erläutert und verglichen. Im Weiteren werden die wesentlichen Besonderheiten bei der Planung und Ausführung von Megaverbundstützen ausführlich im Anlagenbau dargestellt.Application of mega composite columns in industrial facilities. Plant structures in industrial facilities can reach a height of 150 m. The towers are commonly built as a framework structure in steel or concrete. However, as an alternative, the columns of these structures can be built as composite construction. In recent years, the concrete filled steel tubes, i. e. the so‐called mega composite columns, have been investigated extensively by HOCHTIEF. In this paper, two types of cross‐sections, the rectangular and circular hollow‐section, are explained and compared in detail from a static, structural and manufacturing point of view. Moreover, the most significant characteristics in the design and construction of mega composite columns are highlighted within this paper.