bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Associations of childhood physical activity and screen time with cardiometabolic health in preteens who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery: Findings from the ROLO longitudinal birth cohort study
Authors: Callanan Sophie , Killeen Sarah Louise , Delahunt Anna , O'Brien Eileen C. , Geraghty Aisling A. , Cushion Rosemary , Gainfort Amy , Crowley Rachel K. , Twomey Patrick J. , McDonnell Ciara M. , McAuliffe Fionnuala M. 
Published: October 2024

SummaryBackgroundMacrosomia (birthweight ≥4 kg) may alter the associations of physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) throughout childhood with later cardiometabolic risk.ObjectiveTo investigate associations of PA and ST over a 4–6‐year follow‐up period with cardiometabolic outcomes in preteens (9–11‐year‐olds) who were born to mothers with previous macrosomic delivery.MethodsThis is an analysis of 402 preteens from the ROLO study, who were born to mothers that previously delivered an infant with macrosomia. Parental‐reported measures of PA and ST were obtained in early childhood at 5‐years of age. Preteen self‐reported PA, parental‐reported ST, anthropometry, dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry, blood pressure, heart rate, cardiorespiratory endurance, and blood biomarkers were obtained at 9–11‐years. Crude and adjusted linear regression models explored associations and the interaction of birthweight was investigated in all models.ResultsEarly childhood PA and ST at the 5‐year follow‐up were not related to preteen cardiometabolic outcomes. In adjusted models, higher preteen PA was associated with lower sum of skinfolds (B = −3.00, 95% CI −5.98, −0.02, p = 0.048) and higher cardiorespiratory endurance (B = 0.50, 95% CI 0.20, 0.80, p = 0.001) at the same time point. No strong evidence for modification by birthweight was found.ConclusionHigher preteen PA may have potential benefits for cardiometabolic health, irrespective of birthweight.
Assessing the frontline competency gap: Emergency care perceptions among nurses in Yemen's conflict zone
Authors: Mani Zakaria Ahmed , Innab Adnan , Taleb Fuad 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundNursing competencies in armed conflict situations are critical for effective response and recovery. This study explores nurses’ perceptions regarding their competencies in armed conflict zones to identify areas of proficiency and those requiring further emphasis in training.MethodsThis cross‐sectional descriptive study adhered to the STROBE reporting guidelines. It used a validated questionnaire examining 47 different competencies for nursing in armed conflict zones, which were subsequently ranked to identify those that were valued most and least.ResultsIn total, 102 questionnaires were returned (85% response rate). The highest‐ranked competencies focused on immediate life‐saving interventions and personal safety. In contrast, competencies involving broader disaster management, such as understanding organizational disaster plans, post‐death care, and risk identification, ranked lower. This observation may indicate a tendency to prioritize direct clinical care over strategic planning and long‐term recovery in disaster nursing education.Conclusion and implications for nursing and health policyThis study highlights the critical need to strengthen emergency care competencies among nurses working in armed conflict zones in Yemen. Its findings underscore the importance of targeted training programs, particularly in complex trauma management and psychological first aid, to address nurses’ self‐identified competency gaps. Policy implications include prioritizing resource allocation for emergency care infrastructure, implementing competency‐based deployment strategies, and ensuring access to mental health support for nurses in working conflict zones. These actions are essential for building a resilient nursing workforce capable of providing quality care amidst the unique challenges of armed conflict.
Effect of BaO on viscosity and structure of B2O3–SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–BaO glass lubricant
Authors: Cui Lei , Ni Pei‐yuan , Lv Wei , Li Ying 
Published: October 2024

AbstractGlass lubricant with a suitable viscosity is critical for the efficient production of high‐quality titanium alloy in hot extrusion process. In this study, a new glass lubricant, (30.93‐0.309x)B2O3‐(48.45‐0.485x)SiO2‐(7.22‐0.072x)Al2O3‐(13.4‐0.134x)Na2O‐xBaO (BSANB), was proposed for titanium alloy hot extrusion. The effect of BaO content varying from 0 wt.% to 15 wt.% on its viscosity was investigated, and the mechanism of viscosity change was clarified through melt structure analysis by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Raman spectroscopy. The glass viscosity was measured in the temperature range of 950°C to 1100°C, and the atomic self‐diffusion coefficient of the glass melt was calculated. The results demonstrated that the BaO content has a significant influence on the viscosity of the BSANB glass at the hot extrusion temperature range. The viscosity value at 950°C was decreased by 52.87%, from 103.5 Pa·s to 48.8 Pa·s, when BaO content was increased from 0 wt.% to 15 wt.%. MD simulation results of the BSANB glass show that the self‐diffusion coefficient of Si atoms was lower than that of Al and B atoms, indicating that Si‐O bonds were more stable in the melt. The diffusion coefficient of Si atom was directly related to the rheological behavior of the melt, which can be reflected by the melt viscosity. The results of MD simulation, XPS and Raman spectral fitting at 950°C showed an increase in the amounts of Q1, Q0 and [BO4], while the amounts of Q2, Q3, Q4 and [AlO4] were decreased when BaO content was increased from 0 wt.% to 15 wt.%. This demonstrated that the melt network was depolymerized with an increased BaO content, which determined the melt viscosity change. In addition, the mechanism responsible for glass viscosity reduction due to temperature increase was also discussed.
Enhancing mandarin learning through classroom response apps: A comparison of cognitive and affective factors in touch and shaking responses
Authors: Hong Jon‐Chao , Tai Kai‐Hsin , Tai Tzu‐Yu 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis study was motivated by the need to enhance Mandarin learning through embodied interactions and physical engagement methods. While most studies confirm the positive effects of touchscreen devices on learning, mixed findings suggest a need for more engaging methods. This research addresses these gaps by exploring the benefits of embodied interaction through the Shaking‐On game app, an embodied question‐response platform, in comparison to Kahoot.ObjectivesTo compare the learning effectiveness of the Shaking‐On app, which incorporates physical shaking interactions, with the conventional quiz platform Kahoot in promoting Mandarin learning and positive emotional experiences.MethodsA total of 158 junior high school students participated in the study, engaging in 15‐minute sessions once a week for 3 weeks in a formal classroom setting. Participants were divided into two groups: one using the Shaking‐On app and the other using Kahoot. The study employed a comparative analysis framework based on achievement emotion theory to evaluate learning outcomes and emotional responses. Furthermore, the classroom response system (CRS) analysis was used to assess the cognitive and affective parameters of the learning tasks in the Shaking‐On app and Kahoot, providing detailed insight into how different interactive tasks contributed to learning.Results and ConclusionsThe results indicated that the Shaking‐On app significantly enhanced Mandarin learning and engagement compared with Kahoot. Participants using Shaking‐On experienced higher levels of interactive situational interest and flow, while test anxiety remained consistent across both groups. These findings suggest that incorporating embodied interactions into digital learning tools can substantially benefit student engagement and learning outcomes. The study indicated that such apps could be effectively integrated into classroom settings to enhance student learning. Educators and game developers are encouraged to integrate such interactive elements to improve the efficacy and appeal of educational applications.
The use of leaderboards in education: A systematic review of empirical evidence in higher education
Authors: Li Chunqi , Liang Lishi , Fryer Luke K. , Shum Alex 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundLeaderboards are among the most popular gamification elements in education. Some studies have implemented leaderboards and reported their individual effects on students' learning. Despite the emergence of relevant empirical studies, most of the existing reviews have only investigated the holistic impact of gamification. No previous systematic reviews were identified examining the individual use of leaderboards.ObjectiveTo address this gap, this review aims to systematically synthesise the existing empirical evidence concerning leaderboard use in education, examine their designs and effectiveness, and propose leaderboard design recommendations in gamified educational settings.MethodThis systematic review drew upon 20 articles (22 studies; 29 interventions) published from 2014 to 2023.ResultsThe results found that using leaderboards can have a beneficial influence on students' learning motivation, engagement, and performance, but their effectiveness largely depends on their designs. Thus, this review examined the effectiveness of specific leaderboard design practices on students' learning and proposed four corresponding leaderboard design recommendations based on well‐established educational and motivational theories as well as pertinent empirical studies.Discussions and ConclusionsNotably, this review found that all included studies were undertaken in higher education and around half of them had short durations (less than or equal to 1 h). More longitudinal studies in other educational levels (e.g., primary and secondary schools) are thus called for to examine the validity and generalisability of the recommendations proposed.
Local calcium chloride infusion after pulsed field ablation enhances acute efficacy of cardiac electroporation
Authors: Koya Taro , Otsuka Naoto , Tri Jason A. , Sauer William H. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Nguyen Duy T. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractIntroductionPulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as an innovative therapy for cardiac arrhythmias. Drawing parallels with PFA's application in solid tumors, calcium chloride (CaCl2) as an adjuvant therapy, known as calcium electroporation, may amplify PFA's apoptotic effects. We propose that PFA in the atrium could enhance calcium uptake through PFA‐created pores, thereby increasing ablation efficacy even at reduced power levels by exploiting PFA's permeabilization effects.MethodsWe conducted in vivo ablations on the atria of seven pigs using low PFA power (250 V, 20 μs for 50 pulses at 200 ms intervals). Post‐PFA, we randomly administered an infusion of either 200 mg/2 ml CaCl2 (calcium group) or saline (control) directly to the ablation site via the catheter tip. We evaluated reduction in electrogram voltage amplitude, electrocardiography (ECG) parameters, ablation lesion parameters, and histology after PFA.ResultsNineteen lesions from control and calcium groups were examined. Control lesions showed no voltage decrease post‐PFA, whereas calcium‐treated lesions exhibited a significant voltage reduction. Gross pathology indicated marked differences in maximum lesion surface diameter, depth, and volume between the lesion groups. Histologically, calcium group lesions were characterized by a more severe acute PFA response with contraction band necrosis, myocytolysis and nuclear pyknosis in adjacent myocardium, in addition to microhemorrhages.ConclusionInfusing calcium chloride locally after PFA markedly improves the immediate efficacy of electroporation in porcine atria. This study suggests that calcium electroporation could bolster PFA outcomes without higher energy levels, potentially diminishing associated risks. These preliminary findings warrant further research into the long‐term efficacy and potential clinical application of calcium electroporation in PFA.
Orthorexia nervosa tendencies and risk of eating disorders among culinary arts students: A comparative study with dietetics students
Authors: Lakritz Clara , Tête Nicolas , Iceta Sylvain , Lafraire Jérémie 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBackgroundStudents pursuing food‐related academic fields such as dietetics have higher orthorexia nervosa (ON) tendencies and are at a greater risk of developing eating disorders (EDs). However, there is limited research available on ON tendencies and on the risk of EDs in the culinary arts field, which also revolves around food. The present study explored ON tendencies and the risk of EDs among culinary arts students and compared them with those of dietetics students.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in France, using the eating habits questionnaire (EHQ) to measure ON tendencies, and the SCOFF as well as the eating disorders examination questionnaire (EDEQ) to evaluate the risk of EDs and ED symptoms. The study also included questions about sports practice. In total, 267 students participated in the study, including 144 culinary arts students (51 women, 92 men and one other) and 123 dietetics ones (106 women, 15 men and two others).ResultsCulinary arts students exhibited similar means of EHQ scores as dietetics ones (32.99 vs. 33.34) but higher SCOFF scores (52.8% vs. 39.8%). In addition, a gender difference was evidenced: women in culinary arts showed higher EHQ, SCOFF and EDEQ scores than men in culinary arts. Linear regression models showed no effect of the type of academic field (culinary arts vs. dietetics) on the EDEQ score but revealed effects of gender, body mass index and hours of sports practice.ConclusionsThe study emphasises the need to monitor culinary students and implement interventions to prevent EDs. It also suggests a correlation between food‐related education and the risk of EDs, which requires further research.
Awareness, attitude, and acceptance of post placental intra uterine contraceptive device (PPIUCD) among women in Jordan
Authors: Rawashdeh Hasan , Alalawne Tamara , Abujaber Bara , Alshraiedeh Noura , Hamadneh Shereen 
Published: October 2024

AbstractAimTo assess the awareness, attitude, and acceptance of the Post Placental Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device (PPIUCD) as an immediate long‐acting contraceptive method among Jordanian women.MethodsA cross‐sectional observational study was conducted at King Abdulla University Hospital among women attending antenatal clinics after 20 weeks of gestation between January 2020 and May 2021. One thousand and 30 women had completed a structured questionnaire in Arabic.ResultsOnly 41.4% of the sample was aware of the PPIUCD. The attitude toward PPIUCD after a brief introduction was 56.3%. Women who had used interval IUCD were 5.82 times more likely to express a positive attitude toward PPIUCD, while postgraduate women were 1.35 times more prone to show the same attitude. Only 34% accepted PPIUCD if offered, whereas the main barrier to acceptance was the false fear of extra complications in 34.5% of the sample. The rate of unintended current pregnancy was 35.8%, where 53.4% were using natural methods.ConclusionsThe rate of awareness of PPIUCD is low among women in Jordan. Antenatal introduction encourages attitude toward PPIUCD.
Absorptive capacity in a more (or less) absorptive environment: A meta‐analysis of contextual effects on firm innovation
Authors: Stettler Tatiana R. , Moosauer Esther J. , Schweiger Simone A. , Baldauf Artur , Audretsch David 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe effects of the knowledge environment on a firm's ability to acquire, assimilate, transform, and utilize new knowledge—its absorptive capacity (AC)—to produce innovation (INN) have been largely overlooked in prior literature. Drawing on the knowledge spillover theory of entrepreneurship, we conduct a meta‐analysis summarizing findings from 145 empirical studies on 434,985 firms with 798,650 firm‐year observations. We distinguish between knowledge‐rich environments with abundant, easily accessible information; knowledge‐protected environments with high levels of intellectual property rights protection; and knowledge‐intensive environments with high levels of reliance on knowledge. Our study assesses the impact of the environment on the AC–INN relationship. First, we confirm that knowledge‐rich environments create more opportunities to reap innovation benefits from AC compared to knowledge‐scarce environments. Driven by the development of communication technologies and increased information sharing, the effects of AC on innovation are almost twice larger in the smartphone era as they were during the preinternet or early internet era. Second, our analysis indicates that high levels of knowledge protection, as seen in North America and Europe, while safeguarding intellectual property, also dampen positive effects of absorptive capacity on innovation. In environments with less knowledge protection, the effects of AC on innovation are stronger. Finally, our findings suggest that AC is beneficial across industry sectors, but its effects are stronger in less knowledge‐intensive sectors. The mean effect size in low‐tech manufacturing and services is two times larger than in high‐tech industries. Beyond contextual effects, we assess AC's effects on two major creativity outputs: invention, as a breakthrough scientific discovery, and commercialization, as a socially usable and marketable product. Our findings show that AC overall boosts innovation and is more strongly associated with commercialization than with invention. The implications of this study aim to inform practitioners and policymakers and advance future research on knowledge environments.
The importance of integrating phycological research, teaching, outreach, and engagement in a changing world
Authors: Stancheva Rosalina , Cantonati Marco , Manoylov Kalina , Furey Paula C. , Cahoon A. Bruce , Jones R. Christian , Gillevet Pat , Amsler Charles D. , Wehr John D. , Salerno Jennifer L. , Krueger‐Hadfield Stacy A. 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThe ecological, evolutionary, economic, and cultural importance of algae necessitates a continued integration of phycological research, education, outreach, and engagement. Here, we comment on several topics discussed during a networking workshop—Algae and the Environment—that brought together phycological researchers from a variety of institutions and career stages. We share some of our perspectives on the state of phycology by examining gaps in teaching and research. We identify action areas where we urge the phycological community to prepare itself to embrace the rapidly changing world. We emphasize the need for more trained taxonomists as well as integration with molecular techniques, which may be expensive and complicated but are important. An essential benefit of these integrative studies is the creation of high‐quality algal reference barcoding libraries augmented with morphological, physiological, and ecological data that are important for studies of systematics and crucial for the accuracy of the metabarcoding bioassessment. We highlight different teaching approaches for engaging undergraduate students in algal studies and the importance of algal field courses, forays, and professional phycological societies in supporting the algal training of students, professionals, and citizen scientists.
Social media versus surveys: A new scalable approach to understanding legislators' discourse
Authors: González‐Rostani Valentina , Incio José , Lezama Guillermo 
Published: October 2024

AbstractThis paper explores how legislators use social media, specifically investigating whether their posts reflect the concerns expressed by their legislative party peers in an anonymous survey. Utilizing data from Twitter (now X), we compare legislators' social media posts with their responses in a survey of legislators in Latin America. We propose a novel and scalable method for analyzing political communications, employing OpenAI for topic identification in statements and BERTopic analysis to identify clusters of political communication. This approach enables a thorough and detailed examination of these topics over time and across political parties. Applying our method to statements made by members of the Chilean Congress, we observe a general alignment between the preferences stated in surveys by elites and the prominence of these issues on Twitter. This result validates social media platforms (particularly Twitter) as a tool for predicting politicians' preferences. Our methodological approach offers a scalable tool for analyzing political rhetoric over time.
You are safe here: A flyer with re‐orientating messages for families of patients with delirium in the intensive care unit
Authors: Nydahl Peter , Chahdi Mohamed , Debue Anne‐Sophie , Deffner Teresa , Galazzi Alessandro , Gallie Louise , La‐Calle Gabriel Heras , Krotsetis Susanne , Lewko Agnieszka , Lindroth Heidi , Liu Keibun , Paulino Maria Carolina , Prigge Arvid , van den Boogaard Mark , von Haken Rebecca 
Published: October 2024

AbstractPatients in delirium require trustful communication and re‐orientation. We developed a flyer with positive, re‐orientating suggestions for families of delirious patients in intensive care units. Suggestions include creating a safe environment, interpreting unusual behaviours positively and fostering mental resilience. Additionally, families are encouraged to prioritize their own well‐being, recognizing their crucial role in supporting their loved ones. This flyer offers practical strategies across four key areas: ensuring security and orientation, reframing noises and body experiences, managing agitation and reshaping perceptions. By equipping families with knowledge and tools, this resource aims to promote understanding, resilience and strength to humanize delirium care.
Bats as instructive animal models for studying longevity and aging
Authors: Cooper Lisa Noelle , Ansari Mohammad Y. , Capshaw Grace , Galazyuk Alex , Lauer Amanda M. , Moss Cynthia F. , Sears Karen E. , Stewart Mark , Teeling Emma C. , Wilkinson Gerald S. , Wilson Rachel C. , Zwaka Thomas P. , Orman Rena 
Published: October 2024

AbstractBats (order Chiroptera) are emerging as instructive animal models for aging studies. Unlike some common laboratory species, they meet a central criterion for aging studies: they live for a long time in the wild or in captivity, for 20, 30, and even >40 years. Healthy aging (i.e., healthspan) in bats has drawn attention to their potential to improve the lives of aging humans due to bat imperviousness to viral infections, apparent low rate of tumorigenesis, and unique ability to repair DNA. At the same time, bat longevity also permits the accumulation of age‐associated systemic pathologies that can be examined in detail and manipulated, especially in captive animals. Research has uncovered additional and critical advantages of bats. In multiple ways, bats are better analogs to humans than are rodents. In this review, we highlight eight diverse areas of bat research with relevance to aging: genome sequencing, telomeres, and DNA repair; immunity and inflammation; hearing; menstruation and menopause; skeletal system and fragility; neurobiology and neurodegeneration; stem cells; and senescence and mortality. These examples demonstrate the broad relevance of the bat as an animal model and point to directions that are particularly important for human aging studies.