bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Better cardiovascular health is associated with slowed clinical progression in autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration variant carriers
Authors: VandeBunte Anna M. , Lee Hyunwoo , Paolillo Emily W. , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek Robin , Staffaroni Adam M. , Saloner Rowan , Tartaglia Carmela , Yaffe Kristine , Knopman David S. , Ramos Eliana Marisa , Rascovsky Katya , Bozoki Andrea C. , Wong Bonnie , Domoto‐Reilly Kimiko , Snyder Allison , Pressman Peter , Mendez Mario F. , Litvan Irene , Fields Julie A. , Galasko Douglas R. , Darby Ryan , Masdeu Joseph C. , Pasqual Maria Belen , Honig Lawrence S. , Ghoshal Nupur , Appleby Brian S. , Mackenzie Ian R. , Heuer Hilary W. , Kramer Joel H. , Boxer Adam L. , Forsberg Leah K. , Boeve Brad , Rosen Howard J. , Casaletto Kaitlin B. ,   the ALLFTD Consortium
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONCardiovascular health is important for brain aging, yet its role in the clinical manifestation of autosomal dominant or atypical forms of dementia has not been fully elucidated. We examined relationships between Life's Simple 7 (LS7) and clinical trajectories in individuals with autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).METHODSTwo hundred forty‐seven adults carrying FTLD pathogenic genetic variants (53% asymptomatic) and 189 non‐carrier controls completed baseline LS7, and longitudinal neuroimaging and neuropsychological testing.RESULTSAmong variant carriers, higher baseline LS7 is associated with slower accumulation of frontal white matter hyperintensities (WMHs), as well as slower memory and language declines. Higher baseline LS7 associated with larger baseline frontotemporal volume, but not frontotemporal volume trajectories.DISCUSSIONBetter baseline cardiovascular health related to slower cognitive decline and accumulation of frontal WMHs in autosomal dominant FTLD. Optimizing cardiovascular health may be an important modifiable approach to bolster cognitive health and brain integrity in FTLD.Highlights
Better cardiovascular health associates with slower cognitive decline in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).
Lifestyle relates to the accumulation of frontal white matter hyperintensities in FTLD.
More optimal cardiovascular health associates with greater baseline frontotemporal lobe volume.
Optimized cardiovascular health relates to more favorable outcomes in genetic dementia.
Polymer composites from waste plastics and reclaimed rubber from tires for sustainable development
Authors: Singh Prithvendra , Singh Devendra Narain 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe swift growth of the automobile industry has resulted in the generation of huge quantities of waste rubber from end‐of‐life tires. Incidentally, the humungous quantities of waste plastics that are an integral part of the legacy landfills/dumpsites, lying unattended and about which not many valorization schemes are available, pose various geoenvironmental issues apart from occupying a lot of landfill space. These situations might end up being a blessing in disguise if a strategy to utilize both waste rubber and waste plastic, segregated post landfill/dumpsite biomining, in tandem by manufacturing polymer composites by resorting to extrusion process followed by the injection molding, for different engineering applications. Thus, the physical, mechanical, thermal, morphological, and leaching properties of the manufactured polymer composites were evaluated in this study. The tensile strength and impact resistance of polymer composites were between 4.3–26.9 MPa and 9.4–20 kJ/m2, respectively. Their glass transition temperature lies between −81.13 and − 50.04°C. The leachable concentration of heavy metals and organic compounds was within acceptable limits for drinking water and permissible limits for inland surface water disposal. Therefore, this study contributes valuable insights into using waste materials for polymer composites manufacturing, which would be further helpful in achieving sustainable development goals and circular economy.
Alterations to peritubular capillary structure in a rat model of kidney interstitial fibrosis: Implications for oxygen diffusion
Authors: Gazzard Sarah E. , Cullen‐McEwen Luise A. , Nikulina Marina , Clever Arnold B. , Gardiner Bruce S. , Smith David W. , Lee Chang‐Joon , Nyengaard Jens R. , Evans Roger G. , Bertram John F. 
Published: September 2024

AbstractFibrosis and loss of functional capillary surface area may contribute to renal tissue hypoxia in a range of kidney diseases. However, there is limited quantitative information on the impact of kidney disease on the barriers to oxygen diffusion from cortical peritubular capillaries (PTCs) to kidney epithelial tubules. Here, we used stereological methods to quantify changes in total cortical PTC length and surface area, PTC length and surface densities, and diffusion distances between PTCs and kidney tubules in adenine‐induced kidney injury. After 7 days of oral gavage of adenine (100 mg), plasma creatinine was 3.5‐fold greater than in vehicle‐treated rats, while total kidney weight was 83% greater. The total length of PTCs was similar in adenine‐treated (1.47 ± 0.23 km (mean ± standard deviation)) to vehicle‐treated (1.24 ± 0.24 km) rats, as was the surface density of PTCs (0.025 ± 0.002 vs. 0.024 ± 0.004 μm2/μm3). The total surface area of PTCs was 69% greater in adenine‐treated than vehicle‐treated rats. However, the length density of PTCs was 28% less in adenine‐treated than vehicle‐treated rats. Diffusion distances, from PTCs to the basal membrane of the nearest renal tubule (108%), and to the mid‐point of the cytoplasmic height of the nearest tubular epithelial cell (57%), were markedly increased. These findings indicate that, in adenine‐induced kidney injury, expansion of the renal cortical interstitium increases the distance required for diffusion of oxygen from PTCs to tubules, rendering the kidney cortex susceptible to hypoxia.
Exploring the chemical space around chrysin to develop novel vascular CaV1.2 channel blockers, promising vasorelaxant agents
Authors: Falbo Federica , Carullo Gabriele , Panti Alice , Spiga Ottavia , Gianibbi Beatrice , Ahmed Amer , Campiani Giuseppe , Ramunno Anna , Aiello Francesca , Fusi Fabio 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThe flavonoid chrysin is an effective vascular CaV1.2 channel blocker. The aim of this study was to explore the chemical space around chrysin to identify the structural features that can be modified to develop novel and more effective blockers. Four derivatives (Chrysin 1–4) were synthesised and a functional, electrophysiology and molecular docking approach was pursued to assess their binding mode to CaV1.2 channels and their activity in vascular preparations. Methylation of the 5‐ and 7‐OH of the chrysin backbone caused a marked reduction of the Ca2+ antagonistic potency and efficacy. However, C‐8 derivatives showed biophysical features similar to those of the parent compound and, like nicardipine, bound with high affinity to and stabilised the CaV1.2 channel in its inactivated state. The vasorelaxant effects of the four derivatives appeared vessel‐specific, addressing the molecules' derivatization towards different targets. In conclusion, the scaffold of chrysin may be considered a valuable starting point for the development of innovative vascular CaV1.2 channel blockers.
Iron‐Chelating Hydroxyketone Ligands Promote Degradation of Fe(III)‐Tannic Acid Nanofilms
Authors: Joo Hyejin , Kim Seulbi , Park Kyungran , Jang Seong Yoon , Kang Kyungtae , Kim Hyungjun , Park Ji Hun 
Published: September 2024

AbstractPolyphenols form nanofilms with transition metal ions by coordination‐driven assembly. The as‐formed metal‐polyphenol nanofilms can degrade in the presence of chelating ligands that exhibit high stability constant with the nanofilm‐forming metal ions. We have demonstrated the degradation of Fe(III)‐tannic acid nanofilms with hydroxyketone ligands, such as maltol, kojic acid, and deferiprone, which exhibit high availability and excellent cytocompatibility. The concentration screening experiments have been performed with different ligand concentrations ranging from 1 mM–25 mM. It is important to note that only deferiprone degrades Fe(III)‐TA nanofilms even at 1 mM, and it retains the degradation activity at pH 7.4. The characteristic degradation activity of hydroxyketone ligands to Fe(III)‐TA nanofilms may depend upon their pKa value and stability constant. The degradation studies herein are attractive for the development of biomedical applications utilizing metal‐polyphenol nanofilms as a sacrificial template.
Distributed fault estimation observer design for nonlinear multi‐agent systems with directed graphs
Authors: Weng Yuhui , Liu Jianwei , Liu Huiwen , Qin Ruizhi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractThis paper addresses the issue of fault estimation in nonlinear multi‐agent systems characterized by a leader–follower structure within directed graphs. The proposed approach begins by developing a distributed fault observer that utilizes relative output estimation error. Subsequently, a dynamic error system is constructed to convert the fault estimation problem into a stability problem for the dynamic error system. Finally, the conditions for achieving asymptotic boundedness of the dynamic error system are presented in the form of linear matrix inequalities. Simulation results substantiate the efficacy of the proposed method, revealing the ability of the distributed fault observer to accurately estimate faults occurring in multiple followers of the multi‐agent system.
Prominently selective fluorescence approach with distinctive biopharmaceutical utility for analysis of lurasidone in human plasma and urine: Application to in vitro dissolution and content uniformity testing
Authors: Mostafa Yasmeen E. , Metwally Mohammed El‐Sayed , Elsebaei Fawzi 
Published: September 2024

AbstractA relevant approach based on the attractive inherited merits of fluorescence spectroscopy has been established for quantitative estimation of a newly approved second‐generation atypical antipsychotic lurasidone (LUR) in its raw materials and pharmaceutical dosage forms. This study brings to light the strong native fluorescence of LUR at 400 nm in water after excitation at 316 nm. Different experimental parameters that may compromise the fluorescence of the drug were carefully investigated and optimized. A linear response was established between the relative fluorescence intensity and concentration over the concentration range of 50–650 ng/mL with excellent correlation (r = 0.9998). The validity of the method was evidenced in accordance with International Council for Harmonization guidelines, with minimal detection and quantification limits of 2.88 and 8.73 ng/mL, respectively. The method was effectively applied for the estimation of LUR in spiked human plasma and urine samples with acceptable recoveries. The biopharmaceutical significance of the method was heightened by its successful applications for both content uniformity and in vitro dissolution testing. Three different tools accredited the greenness character of the presented study. Eco‐friendliness, effortlessness, and cost effectiveness are crucial hallmarks of our study. The presented study demonstrates potential applicability in quality control laboratories with limited resources.
Post‐traumatic cauda equina concussion: Definition and description of the injury mechanism
Authors: Asan Ziya , Saray Hatice 
Published: September 2024

AbstractDespite being a prevalent clinical condition, cauda equina concussion has not been thoroughly elucidated in the literature. The aim of this study is to delineate the etiology and pathogenesis of cauda equina concussion and its associated clinical manifestations. Patients exhibiting clinical manifestations indicative of spinal cord injury and transient neurological deficits after spinal trauma were evaluated retrospectively. The pathogenesis was elucidated through correlating clinical presentations with radiological findings. Neurological deficits were categorized into two principal groups, symmetrical and asymmetrical. Non‐penetrating fractures were classified to ascertain the relationship between the type of trauma and the ensuing neurological deficits. A cohort of 82 patients was diagnosed with cauda equina concussion. Among these, 58 had experienced vertical trauma resulting from falls, while 24 had encountered axial trauma in vehicular accidents. Stable spinal fractures were identified in 52 patients across multiple levels, whereas single‐level fractures were observed in 30. Asymmetrical neurological deficits were detected in 51 (62.19%) patients, with a notably higher incidence among those subjected to vertical trauma (p < 0.014). The mean recovery time was 14.25 ± 15.16 h for sensory deficits and 11.25 ± 13.36 h for motor deficits in those patients. Notably, motor deficits resolved more expeditiously than sensory deficits in all cases presenting with both. Cauda equina concussion emerges as a frequently encountered clinical phenomenon attributable to the impact of high‐energy vertical forces. Neurological deficits commonly manifest asymmetrically. The rapid resolution of neurological deficits presents challenges for the diagnostic process.
Rudimentary left atrial appendage in a patient with a history of CVA
Authors: Sardari Akram , Nakhaee Akram , Larti Farnoosh , Roozitalab Maryam 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageRudimentary left atrial appendage (LAA) is an extremely rare condition with an unclear association with cerebrovascular events. This case report discusses a patient with an unexplained cerebrovascular accident (CVA), where the diagnosis of rudimentary LAA was made using transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and subsequently confirmed by computed tomography angiography (CTA).AbstractRudimentary left atrial appendage (LAA) is extremely rare. This report presents the case of a 50‐year‐old woman who experienced a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and was found to have a rudimentary LAA. The patient had a history of diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia. An electrocardiogram (ECG) showed sinus rhythm, and Holter monitoring did not detect any atrial fibrillation (AF). Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) were performed to identify the source of cardiac emboli, revealing a rudimentary LAA with no thrombus present.
Individualized tacrolimus therapy: Insights from CYP3A5 polymorphisms and intestinal metabolism
Authors: Mishima Mizuki , Yabe Tomohisa , Kondo Takaya , Fujimoto Keiji , Takata Ryoji , Yokoyama Hitoshi , Niida Yo , Tanaka Tatsuro , Miyazawa Katsuhito , Furuichi Kengo 
Published: September 2024

Key Clinical MessageCYP3A4 and CYP3A5 are the most abundant and important enzymes of the CYP3A subfamily, distributed in the liver, intestinal mucosa and kidney, and involved in tacrolimus metabolism. Here, we report a case of tacrolimus dosage refractoriness due to a genetic polymorphism of CYP3A5.
The Non‐Centrosymmetric Borate Hydride Sr4Ba3(BO3)3.83H2.5
Authors: Mutschke Alexander , Wylezich Thomas , Beran Přemysl , Hölderle Tobias , Baran Volodymyr , Avdeev Maxim , Karttunen Antti J. , Kunkel Nathalie 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSr4Ba3(BO3)3.83H2.5, as the second compound to combine borate and hydride ions, has been synthesized by a mechanochemical synthesis route. The structure has been elucidated by synchrotron X‐ray and neutron diffraction and determined to crystallize in the non‐centrosymmetric space group P63mc (186) with the cell parameters a=10.87762(15) Å and c=6.98061(11) Å. A detailed investigation of the compound by vibrational spectroscopy in combination with Density Functional Theory calculations reveals the disordered nature of the structure and proves the presence of both borate and hydride ions. Electronic band structure calculations predict a large band gap of 7.1 eV. Hydride states are predicted at the topmost valence band, which agrees well with earlier reported heteroanionic hydrides. We hereby were able to successfully apply previously synthetic and analytical schemes to introduce another member of the rare compounds that contain complex oxoanions simultaneously with hydride ions.
Characterization of open chromatin sensitive to actin polymerization and identification of core‐binding factor subunit beta as mechanosensitive nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein
Authors: Li Yaxin , Li Kangjing , Nakamura Fumihiko 
Published: September 2024

AbstractMechanotransduction leads to a variety of biological responses including gene expression, changes in cell shape, migration, tissue development, and immune responses. Dysregulation of mechanotransduction is implicated in the progression of various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The actin cytoskeleton plays a crucial role in transmitting mechanical stimuli. Actin filaments, essential for cell motility and shape changes, respond to mechanical cues by remodeling, influencing gene expression via the linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton complex and mechanosensitive transcription factors. This study employs the dithiobis(succinimidyl propionate) (DSP)‐micrococcal nuclease (MNase) proteogenomics method to explore the relationship between cellular mechanosensing, chromatin architecture, and the identification of proteins involved in mechanosensitive nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, revealing how actin polymerization affects chromatin and gene expression. We found that depolymerization of actin filaments by latrunculin B (Lat B) for 30 min is sufficient to alter open chromatin and identified core‐binding factor subunit beta as mechanosensitive nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein.
Clinicopathologic and prognostic characteristics of tumor budding‐like in giant cell tumor of bone
Authors: Zheng Bo‐Wen , Zheng Bo‐Yv , Yang Zhen , Niu Hua‐Qing , Zhu Guo‐Qiang , Zou Ming‐Xiang , Liu Fu‐Sheng , Xia Chao 
Published: September 2024

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, tumor budding (TB) is defined as an important factor for a poor prognosis in various types of cancers. The authors identified a significant presence of TB‐like structures at the tumor invasive front in giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB), which may have the same biologic function as TB. The objective of this report was to describe the distribution of TB in GCTB and investigate its correlation with clinicopathologic characteristics, the immune microenvironment, survival prognosis, and response to denosumab treatment.MethodsThis multicenter cohort study included 426 patients with GCTB who received treatment between 2012 and 2021 at four centers. Two independent pathologists performed visual assessments of TBL structures in hematoxylin‐and‐eosin–stained tumor sections. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte subtypes (CD3‐positive, CD4‐positive, CD8‐positive, CD20‐positive, programmed cell death protein‐1–positive, programmed cell death‐ligand 1positive, and FoxP3‐positive) as well as Ki‐67 expression levels in 426 tissue samples. These parameters were then analyzed for associations with patient outcomes (local recurrence‐free survival [LRFS] and overall survival [OS]), clinicopathologic characteristics, and response to denosumab treatment.ResultsHigh‐grade TB was associated with poorer LRFS and OS in both patient groups. In addition, TB was correlated with various clinicopathologic features, tumor‐infiltrating lymphocyte expression, and response to denosumab treatment. TB outperformed the traditional Enneking and Campanacci staging systems in predicting patient LRFS and OS.ConclusionsThe current data support the assessment of TBL structures as a reliable prognostic tool in GCTB, potentially aiding in the development of personalized treatment strategies for patients.
Winter Wheat Historic Trends and Yield Gaps in the Wheat State
Authors: Holman Johnathan D. , Obour Augustine K. , O’Brien Daniel , Assefa Yared 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWheat is the most widely grown grain crop in the world, and the United States is ranked as the fourth major wheat producer after China, India, and Russia. Kansas is the top winter wheat‐producing state in the United States and, as such, is nicknamed “The Wheat State.” A significant yield gap has existed in Kansas between potential winter wheat yields and the actual farm level average yield. Due to current conflict in the major wheat‐growing region of Ukraine and Russia and recent droughts, record decline in world wheat stocks was expected. To further understand winter wheat’s contribution to the economy, production trends, and relationship with climate variability, data available in the state of Kansas through annual winter wheat yield trials and USDA reports were used to study winter wheat historic trends and relations. Earn 0.5 CEUs in Crop Management by taking the quiz for the article at https://web.sciencesocieties.org/Learning‐Center/Courses.
Analysis of Torque Ripple Investigation on Three‐Phase SR Motor Drive for EV Applications
Authors: Damarla Indira , Vadlamudi Bindu , Mahendran Venmathi , Rao K. Dhananjay 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACTIn this paper, the performance of the 3Φ, 6/4 switched reluctance (SR) motor drive has been analyzed using the different power converter topologies. The main objective is to identify the most suitable converter topology for SR motor drive fed electric vehicle (EV) applications. The various power converters such as dissipative, capacitive, magnetic, and bridge converters have been reviewed in terms of operating principle and the calculation of torque ripple. To analyze the drive performance, a comparative analysis is conducted between various power converter configurations including R‐dump, C‐dump, C‐dump with freewheeling transistor (FWT), and asymmetric bridge (ASB) converter. The torque ripple is evaluated for different converters, and it has been claimed that ASB converter has less torque ripple than other topologies. MATLAB/Simulink software tool is used to validate the drive performance for various configurations. A hardware setup includes a FPGA processor of Xilinx Spartan has been embedded to verify the experimental results with the Simulink results.
Five‐year effects of cognitive training in individuals with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Belleville Sylvie , Cuesta Marc , Bier Nathalie , Brodeur Catherine , Gauthier Serge , Gilbert Brigitte , Grenier Sébastien , Ouellet Marie‐Christine , Viscogliosi Chantal , Hudon Carol 
Published: September 2024

AbstractINTRODUCTIONIn a 5‐year follow‐up study, we investigated the enduring effects of cognitive training on older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI).METHODSA randomized controlled single‐blind trial involved 145 older adults with MCI, assigned to cognitive training (MEMO+), an active control psychosocial intervention, or a no‐contact condition. Five‐year effects were measured on immediate and delayed memory recall, the Montreal Cognitive Assessment screening test (MoCA), self‐reported strategy use, and daily living difficulties.RESULTSAt follow‐up, participants who received cognitive training showed a smaller decline in delayed memory and maintained MoCA scores, contrasting with greater declines in the control groups. Cognitive training participants outperformed controls in both delayed memory and MoCA scores at the 5‐year time point. No significant group differences were observed in self‐reported strategy use or difficulties in daily living.DISCUSSIONCognitive training provides long‐term benefits by mitigating memory decline and slowing clinical symptom progression in older adults with MCI.Highlights
Cognitive training reduced the 5‐year memory decline of persons with MCI.
Cognitive training also reduced decline on the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).
No intervention effect was found on strategy use or activities of daily living.