bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intersecting Contexts: Understanding Rural Utah Veterans’ Experiences with Accessing VA Health Care
Authors: Ward Carol , Stearmer Matthew , Cope Michael R. 
Published: February 2017

AbstractSince the passage of the Rural Veterans Care Act of 2006 research has focused on health care provider issues with less attention given to individual and contextual factors that contribute to the remaining service gap. Adopting the health care user's viewpoint, we focus on two questions: How do health care users perceive access to health care, and which contextual factors are relevant to explaining the failure of recent efforts to increase access by rural veterans? We collected detailed data through focus groups and individual interviews involving veterans and knowledgeable community members in four rural areas of Utah. Framing the analysis of interview data using the sociospatial approach reveals key dimensions of several contexts that affect rural veterans’ access to health care: the historical period of military service that influences attitudes toward use of Veterans Administration health care and access to specialists, regulations of regionally and locally organized insurance coverage that affects access to and coordination of health care, and local social aspects of rural communities that inform use of specific health care sources. These dimensions provide new insights into the conditions that contribute to variations in the vulnerability of rural Utah veterans.
Filial Norms, Co‐Residence, and Intergenerational Exchange in Japan
Authors: Taniguchi Hiromi , Kaufman Gayle 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveWe examine the effects of filial norms and co‐residence as well as patterns of social exchange on support that adult children give to their parents and in‐laws in Japan.MethodsWe estimate ordered logit models with data from the Japanese General Social Survey.ResultsChildren who receive money from their parents are more likely than those who receive no such support to give their parents nonmonetary support, while children who receive nonmonetary support from their parents are more likely to assist their parents financially. Receiving money from in‐laws is reciprocated with nonmonetary and monetary support. Filial norms increase the level of monetary support to parents and in‐laws, especially for men. Co‐residence increases monetary and nonmonetary support from children to parents and in‐laws, while the positive effect of co‐residence on nonmonetary support from children to in‐laws is limited to women.ConclusionNotions of social exchange as well as filial norms and co‐residence encourage intergenerational support in Japan.
A report of cerebral malaria treated with automated red blood cell exchange
Authors: Anani Waseem Q. , Smith Gerald P. , Irani Mehraboon , Puca Kathleen E. 
Published: February 2017

BACKGROUNDAdjunctive automated whole blood or red blood cell exchange (RBCEx) can rapidly decrease malarial hyperparasitemia. Several case reports and series suggest improvement in clinical symptomatology; however, recent Centers of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations concluded that RBCEx has no efficacy as an adjunctive therapy. We present a case of mental status changes secondary to cerebral malaria treated with automated RBCEx resulting in rapid and dramatic neurologic improvement.CASE REPORTAn 84‐year‐old Somali woman presented with a 3‐day history of altered mental status, spiking fevers, chills, bilateral leg pain and weakness, and intermittent diarrhea. Her travel history included a recent trip to Kenya for 1 month without antimalarial chemoprophylaxis. During the hospital stay, her health declined, and she became obtunded. Physical examination revealed fever, tachypnea, hypertension, hypoxia, and no response to verbal or physical stimuli. Her hemoglobin decreased from 12.6 to 6.5 g/dL with 12% intraerythrocytic parasitemia by thin smear. Intraerythrocytic trophozoites and banana‐shaped gametocytes were present consistent with Plasmodium falciparum. An emergent 1.5‐volume RBC mass automated RBCEx and quinidine infusion decreased her parasitemia to 2%. The patient's mental status improved throughout the procedure, and after the 2½‐hour procedure, the patient was alert, oriented, and speaking coherently. The patient continued to receive quinidine and artesunate 1 day later from CDC.CONCLUSIONAutomated RBCEx transfusion reduced the parasite burden and restored neurologic functioning in a patient with cerebral malaria while awaiting definitive treatment with artesunate.
Characteristics of extracellular cyclicAMP‐dependent protein kinase as a biomarker of cancer in dogs
Authors: Bhang D. H. , Choi U. S. , Kim B. G. , Lee S.‐N. , Lee S. , Roh H.‐S. , Chung W.‐J. , Jeon K. O. , Song W. J. , Youn H.‐Y. , Baek K.‐H. 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveEarly and proper diagnosis of cancer is the most critical factor for the survival and treatment of veterinary cancer patients. In this study, we evaluated extracellular cyclicAMP‐dependent protein kinase A (ECPKA) level in serum as a useful cancer biomarker in dogs.MethodsECPKAlevels were detected in sera from dogs with cancers (n = 48), benign tumours (n = 18), and non‐tumour diseases (n = 102) as well as healthy control dogs (n = 54) utilizing enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).ResultsSera from dogs bearing various types of cancer exhibited markedly increased levels ofECPKAby up to 7.1‐, 8.8‐, and 10.9‐fold compared with those from dogs harbouring benign tumours, dogs with non‐tumour diseases, and healthy control dogs, respectively (P < .0001). In addition, serumECPKAlevel did not show statistically significant correlation with gender, breed, or age of dogs or their non‐cancerous disease conditions.ConclusionOur data strongly propose that detection of serumECPKAlevel is a potential and specific diagnostic tool for cancer in dogs.
Computational analysis of the human sinus node action potential: model development and effects of mutations
Authors: Fabbri Alan , Fantini Matteo , Wilders Ronald , Severi Stefano 
Published: February 2017

Key points
We constructed a comprehensive mathematical model of the spontaneous electrical activity of a human sinoatrial node (SAN) pacemaker cell, starting from the recent Severi–DiFrancesco model of rabbit SAN cells.
Our model is based on electrophysiological data from isolated human SAN pacemaker cells and closely matches the action potentials and calcium transient that were recorded experimentally.
Simulated ion channelopathies explain the clinically observed changes in heart rate in corresponding mutation carriers, providing an independent qualitative validation of the model.
The model shows that the modulatory role of the ‘funny current’ (If) in the pacing rate of human SAN pacemaker cells is highly similar to that of rabbit SAN cells, despite its considerably lower amplitude.
The model may prove useful in the design of experiments and the development of heart‐rate modulating drugs.
AbstractThe sinoatrial node (SAN) is the normal pacemaker of the mammalian heart. Over several decades, a large amount of data on the ionic mechanisms underlying the spontaneous electrical activity of SAN pacemaker cells has been obtained, mostly in experiments on single cells isolated from rabbit SAN. This wealth of data has allowed the development of mathematical models of the electrical activity of rabbit SAN pacemaker cells. The present study aimed to construct a comprehensive model of the electrical activity of a human SAN pacemaker cell using recently obtained electrophysiological data from human SAN pacemaker cells. We based our model on the recent Severi–DiFrancesco model of a rabbit SAN pacemaker cell. The action potential and calcium transient of the resulting model are close to the experimentally recorded values. The model has a much smaller ‘funny current’ (If) than do rabbit cells, although its modulatory role is highly similar. Changes in pacing rate upon the implementation of mutations associated with sinus node dysfunction agree with the clinical observations. This agreement holds for both loss‐of‐function and gain‐of‐function mutations in the HCN4, SCN5A and KCNQ1 genes, underlying ion channelopathies in If, fast sodium current and slow delayed rectifier potassium current, respectively. We conclude that our human SAN cell model can be a useful tool in the design of experiments and the development of drugs that aim to modulate heart rate.
Análisis psicométrico y adaptación de la escala de actitudes comunitarias hacia la enfermedad mental (CAMI) en una muestra chilena
Authors: Grandón Fernández Pamela , Saldivia Bórquez Sandra , Cova Solar Felix , Bustos Navarrete Claudio , Turra Chávez Victor 
Published: February 2017

El estigma está considerado como el principal obstáculo para la recuperación de las personas que sufren trastornos mentales (TM). La presente investigación tuvo el objetivo de analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Actitudes Comunitarias hacia la Enfermedad Mental (CAMI), que evalúa el estigma del público hacia las personas con TM.
Se tomaron 2 muestras por conveniencia, la primera compuesta por 399 personas y la segunda por 350. Los resultados indican que el instrumento final posee 2 factores “Aceptación” y “Rechazo a la instalación de centros de salud mental en la comunidad” cada uno compuesto por 5 ítems. Los índices del ajuste del modelo obtenido en el análisis factorial confirmatorio, así como la consistencia interna del instrumento son adecuados.
¿Vale la pena el riesgo? Miedo inducido por el terrorismo a volar
Authors: Weiss David J. , Jhon Richard S. , Rosoff Heather , Baumert Thomas , Buesa Mikel , González Gómez Javier , Valiño Aurelia , Shavit Tal , Rosenboim Mosi 
Published: February 2017

We conducted two bi-national experiments regarding emotional and behavioral responses to a terrorist plot against commercial flights, examining both feelings and projected action. The studies employed hypothetical scenarios in which terrorists attacked airplanes with shoulder-fired missiles as they were landing or taking off from an international airport. The scenarios were built around two factorially
crossed manipulated variables, each with three levels: (1) government announcements or actions (2) social norm, expressed as variation in airline ticket sales. Each respondent read a questionnaire containing only one of the nine scenarios. Experiment 1 was conducted in Spain and California (n = 360, 50% female), Experiment 2 in Israel and California (n = 504, 50% female). In both studies, fear and flight plans were not differentially affected by governmental response or social norm. Women expressed more fear than men. Experiment 1 examined the purpose of the trip. Most respondents would not change a planned flight to attend a close friend’s wedding or important job interview, but a substantial number would postpone a vacation or drive to a different location. Experiment 2 featured escalating attacks. These yielded increased fear and more canceled trips. Within both studies, responses were similar across countries despite national differences in direct experience with terrorism.
Draft Genome Sequence of “
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” m9, Binned from a Metagenome of South China Sea Sponge
Theonella swinhoei
Authors: Liu Fang , Li Jinlong , Li Zhiyong 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

“
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” represents the widespread cyanobacterial symbionts found in marine sponges with relatively high genomic variability and likely important ecological roles. We present here the draft genome sequence of “
Candidatus
Synechococcus spongiarum” m9, which was assembled from a metagenome of
Theonella swinhoei
sampled in the South China Sea.
Complete Genome Sequence of the Acetylene-Fermenting
Pelobacter
sp. Strain SFB93
Authors: Sutton John M. , Baesman Shaun M. , Fierst Janna L. , Poret-Peterson Amisha T. , Oremland Ronald S. , Dunlap Darren S. , Akob Denise M. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT

Acetylene fermentation is a rare metabolism that was previously reported as being unique to
Pelobacter acetylenicus
. Here, we report the genome sequence of
Pelobacter
sp. strain SFB93, an acetylene-fermenting bacterium isolated from sediments collected in San Francisco Bay, CA.
Full Genomic Characterization of a Lentogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Isolated from Farm-Reared Ostriches (
Struthio camelus
) in Northwest China
Authors: Ren Shanhui , Wang Chongyang , Gao Xiaolong , Zhang Xue , Wang Xiangwei , Jia Yanqing , Wang Yanhong , Wang Xinglong , Yang Zengqi 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
To our knowledge, our study is the first to report the whole-genome sequence of an ostrich-origin Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolate, abbreviated as Ostrich/SX-01/06. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that this isolate belongs to the subgenotype c in class II. The identification of the complete genome will provide useful information regarding ostrich diseases, especially NDV.
Draft Genome Sequence of a New Bacterium Named
Rappaport israeli
, gen. nov., sp. nov., Isolated from a Blood Culture
Authors: Waldman Ben-Asher Hiba , Yerushalmi Rebecca , Wachtel Chaim , Barbiro-Michaely Efrat , Sompolinsky David , Gerber Doron 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Here, we report the draft genome sequence of a Gram-negative microbe found in a blood culture (B08008) from a patient. The organism was proposed to be from a new unknown genus and species. This publication will increase worldwide microbial knowledge and may improve microbial identification and antibiotic treatment for patients.
Risks Associated with Fish and Seafood
Authors: Chintagari Sailaja , Hazard Nicole , Edwards Genevieve , Jadeja Ravi , Janes Marlene 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Fresh fish and seafood are highly perishable, and microbiological spoilage is one of the important factors that limit their shelf life and safety. Fresh seafood can be contaminated at any point from rearing or harvesting to processing to transport or due to cross-contamination by consumer mishandling at home. With the increase in the demand for fish and seafood, aquaculture production is increasing, which could lead to new risks that will need to be addressed in the future to control foodborne pathogens.
Tuberculous Peritonitis
Authors: Vaid Urvashi , Kane Gregory C. 
Published: February 2017

ABSTRACT
Tuberculous peritonitis is rare in the United States but continues to be reported to occur in certain high-risk populations, which include patients with AIDS or cirrhosis, patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, recent immigrants from areas of high endemicity, and those who are immunosuppressed. The diagnosis of this disease requires a high clinical index of suspicion and should be considered in the differential of ascites with a lymphocyte predominance and serum-ascitic albumin gradient of <1.1 mg/dl. Microbiological or pathological confirmation remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Ascitic fluid cultures have low yield, but peritoneoscopy with biopsy or cultures frequently confirms the diagnosis. Newer techniques with future application include determination of adenosine deaminase and interferon gamma levels in ascitic fluid. Ultrasound and computed tomography are frequently used to guide fluid aspiration and biopsies. Six months of treatment with antituberculosis therapy is adequate except in cases of drug-resistant tuberculosis. The role of steroids remains controversial. Surgical approaches may be required to deal with complications including bowel perforation, intestinal obstruction from adhesions, fistula formation, or bleeding.
Observational study of haemostatic dysfunction and bleeding in neonates with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy
Authors: Pakvasa Mitali A , Winkler Anne M , Hamrick Shannon E , Josephson Cassandra D , Patel Ravi M 
Published: February 2017

ObjectiveEvaluate the relationship between initial haemostatic parameters and the frequency and severity of bleeding in neonates with hypoxic–ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE).DesignRetrospective observational cohort study.Setting2 academically affiliated level III neonatal intensive care units in Atlanta, Georgia.Participants98 neonates with moderate-to-severe HIE who underwent haemostatic testing within 12 hours of birth and were born from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2013.Primary and secondary outcome measuresInitial haemostatic dysfunction was defined as one or more of the following: prothrombin time (PT) ≥18 s, platelet count <100×103/μL or fibrinogen <150 mg/dL. Bleeding assessed using the Neonatal Bleeding Assessment Tool and graded according to the WHO bleeding scale. The robust Poisson regression was used to evaluate the independent association between components of initial haemostatic dysfunction and bleeding.ResultsAmong the 98 neonates evaluated, the prevalence of initial haemostatic dysfunction was 69% (95% CI 59% to 78%). 27 neonates (28%; 95% CI 19% to 38%) had abnormal bleeding events and 56 (57%) received at least 1 blood product transfusion. 3 neonates died from bleeding complications. The most common products transfused were fresh-frozen plasma (71%), followed by packed red blood cells (24%) and platelets (21%). In multivariable analysis, fibrinogen <150 mg/dL (adjusted relative risk 2.41, 95% CI 1.09 to 5.36) and platelet count <100×103/μL (adjusted relative risk 2.59, 95% CI 1.30 to 5.16), but not initial PT, were associated with an increased risk of bleeding. The most severe bleeding occurred in neonates with a fibrinogen <150 mg/dL.ConclusionsAmong neonates with moderate-to-severe HIE, haemostatic dysfunction is prevalent and associated with an increased risk of bleeding and high transfusion burden. Further studies are needed to determine the appropriate transfusion approaches in this population to prevent bleeding.
Patterns of homicide in North Tunisia: a 10-year study (2005–2014)
Authors: Ben Khelil Mehdi , Farhani Fethia , Harzallah Hana , Allouche Mohamed , Gharbaoui Meriem , Banasr Ahmed , Benzarti Anis , Hamdoun Moncef 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundIn Tunisia and in the Arab world, few data are available about homicide patterns. The aim of our study was to analyse the victims' profiles and the general pattern.Methods636 homicide victims were autopsied at the Legal Medicine Department of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis, over a period of 10 years (2005–2014).ResultsVictims were males in 79.7% with a male-to-female ratio of 3.93 and the average age was 37.7 years. The victim was generally from an urban area (66.7%), single (55.7%) and semiskilled (50.2%). The most common methods of homicide were sharp force (51.7%) and blunt trauma (24.8%).ConclusionsThis study suggests applying urgent preventive measures targeting essentially young males and the importance of a national ‘Violence Repository’.
Association of sociodemographic and household characteristics with non-fatal burns among children under the age of 10 years in Sudan: an exploratory secondary analysis of the Sudan Household Health Survey 2010
Authors: Abdalla Safa , Abdel Aziz Muna , Basheir Igbal 
Published: February 2017

BackgroundGlobally, children have the highest mortality rates from fire-related burns. Sudan is no exception, but there had been no prior investigations of potentially preventable risk factors. We undertook this analysis to investigate the role of various sociodemographic and household factors.MethodsWe used Sudan Household Health Survey 2010 data from a national stratified multistage cluster sample of 15 000 households. The dependent variable was whether the child had a non-fatal burn in the 12 months preceding the survey, based on the most recent injury. The independent variables tested were age, gender, urban/rural residence, wealth index, disability, mother's education and work, cooking fuel, cooking place, electricity in the house and crowdedness. A multivariable Poisson regression model with robust variance was used, and hypothesised interactions were tested.FindingsOf 26 478 children under the age of 10 years, we identified 47 with injury caused by fire or hot substance. A significant association was found with child age (prevalence ratio (PR)=0.65, 95% CI 0.50 to 0.84). There was a significant interaction between area of residence and cooking place; cooking outdoors or elsewhere in the house was associated with burns in urban areas (PR=10.426, 95% CI 1.99 to 54.69) but not in rural areas. There was no evidence of an association with maternal factors or with cooking fuel.ConclusionsThe findings imply more potential for separate cooking facilities in preventing burns among children in Sudan than does a change in cooking fuel, although more evidence needs to be gathered, particularly around safety practices.
Higher codimensional foliations with Kupka singularities
Authors: Calvo-Andrade O. , Corrêa M. , Fernández-Pérez A. 
Published: February 2017

We consider holomorphic foliations of dimension [Formula: see text] and codimension [Formula: see text] in the projective space [Formula: see text], with a compact connected component of the Kupka set. We prove that if the transversal type is linear with positive integer eigenvalues, then the foliation consists of the fibers of a rational fibration [Formula: see text]. As a corollary, if [Formula: see text] and has a transversal type diagonal with different eigenvalues, then the Kupka component [Formula: see text] is a complete intersection and the leaves of the foliation define a rational fibration. The same conclusion holds if the Kupka set has a radial transversal type. Finally, as an application, we find a normal form for non-integrable codimension-one distributions on [Formula: see text].
Global Cancer in Women: Cancer Control Priorities
Authors: Islami Farhad , Torre Lindsey A. , Drope Jeffrey M. , Ward Elizabeth M. , Jemal Ahmedin 
Published: February 2017

Abstract
This review is an abbreviated version of a report prepared for the American Cancer Society Global Health department and EMD Serono, Inc., a subsidiary of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, which was released at the Union for International Cancer Control World Cancer Congress in Paris in November 2016. The original report can be found at https://www.cancer.org/health-care-professionals/our-global-health-work/global-cancer-burden/global-burden-of-cancer-in-women.html. Staff in the Intramural Research Department of the American Cancer Society designed and conducted the study, including analysis, interpretation, and presentation of the review. The funding sources had no involvement in the study design, data analysis and interpretation, or preparation of the review.
The global burden of cancer in women has recently received much attention, but there are few comprehensive reviews of the burden and policy approaches to reduce it. This article, second in series of two, summarizes the most important cancer control priorities with specific examples of proven interventions, with a particular focus on primary prevention in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). There are a number of effective cancer control measures available to countries of all resource levels. Many of these measures are extremely cost-effective, especially in the case of tobacco control and vaccination. Countries must prioritize efforts to reduce known cancer risk factors and make prevention accessible to all. Effective treatments and palliative care are also needed for those who develop cancer. Given scarce resources, this may seem infeasible in many LMICs, but past experience with other diseases like HIV, tuberculosis, and malaria have shown that it is possible to make affordable care accessible to all. Expansion of population-based cancer registries and research in LMICs are needed for setting cancer control priorities and for determining the most effective interventions. For LMICs, all of these activities require support and commitment from the global community. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 26(4); 458–70. ©2017 AACR.
See related article by Torre et al. in this CEBP Focus section, “Global Cancer in Women.”