bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermocouple Probe Orientation Affects Prescribed Fire Behavior Estimation
Authors: Coates T. Adam , Chow Alex T. , Hagan Donald L. , Waldrop Thomas A. , Wang G. Geoff , Bridges William C. , Rogers Mary‐Frances , Dozier James H. 
Published: December 2017

Understanding the relationship between fire intensity and fuel mass is essential information for scientists and forest managers seeking to manage forests using prescribed fires. Peak burning temperature, duration of heating, and area under the temperature profile are fire behavior metrics obtained from thermocouple‐datalogger assemblies used to characterize prescribed burns. Despite their recurrent usage in prescribed burn studies, there is no simple protocol established to guide the orientation of thermocouple installation. Our results from dormant and growing season burns in coastal longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) forests in South Carolina suggest that thermocouples located horizontally at the litter‐soil interface record significantly higher estimates of peak burning temperature, duration of heating, and area under the temperature profile than thermocouples extending 28 cm vertically above the litter‐soil interface (p < 0.01). Surprisingly, vertical and horizontal estimates of these measures did not show strong correlation with one another (r2 ≤ 0.14). The horizontal duration of heating values were greater in growing season burns than in dormant season burns (p < 0.01), but the vertical values did not indicate this difference (p = 0.52). Field measures of fuel mass and depth before and after fire showed promise as significant predictive variables (p ≤ 0.05) for the fire behavior metrics. However, all correlation coefficients were less than or equal to r2 = 0.41. Given these findings, we encourage scientists, researchers, and managers to carefully consider thermocouple orientation when investigating fire behavior metrics, as orientation may affect estimates of fire intensity and the distinction of fire treatment effects, particularly in forests with litter‐dominated surface fuels.Core Ideas
No simple protocol exists for thermocouple probe installation in fire research.
We installed thermocouple probes horizontally and vertically for comparison.
Horizontal and vertical thermocouple values differed within the same fires.
Horizontal and vertical thermocouple values were poorly correlated.
Determination of fire effects was affected by thermocouple probe orientation.
La actividad probatoria como parte del debido procedimiento en los procedimientos administrativos sancionadores
Authors: Ponce Rivera Carlos Alexander 
Published: December 2017

La prueba, su ofrecimiento y valoración resulta siendo uno de los puntos más sensibles dentro del proceso en general y del procedimiento administrativo en particular. Esto es así porque la razón de ser del procedimiento administrativo es poner en actividad a la administración estatal sobre la base de hechos debidamente probados y es más importante en el procedimiento sancionador endonde las libertades de las personas son restringidas cuando se emite una resolución que impone una sanción. Por esa razón resulta de suma importancia comprender la naturaleza de la prueba en el procedimiento administrativo sancionador sobre la base del entendimiento de que el debido procedimiento es una expresión del derecho fundamental al debido proceso reconocido en laConstitución Política del Estado que se aplica en vía administrativa considerando las peculiaridades de este ordenamiento, las mismas que obligan a observarlas mediante un ejercicio antes que de calco, de adecuación a la finalidad que persigue el procedimiento. El presente trabajo aborda aspectos vinculados al contenido del derecho al debido procedimiento y de la prueba en sedeadministrativa con la finalidad de establecer algunos parámetros para su proposición, admisión y valoración.
BUDIDAYA ITIK PEDAGING DI DESA ANGGASWANGI KECAMATAN GODONG KABUPATEN GROBOGAN
Authors: Setyaji Arso , Rakhmawati Ellya , Wardana M Yusuf Setia 
Published: December 2017

Desa Anggaswangi merupakan salah satu wilayah Republik Indonesia yang terletak di Desa Godong, Kecamatan Grobogan, Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Ada beberapa warga yang mencoba berbudidaya itik pedaging tapi gagal. Ada dua vokasi yang disiapkan untuk mengatasi ekonomi di desa Anggaswangi, yaitu: (a). Vokasi berdasarkan budidaya itik pedaging, dan (b). Vokasi berdasarkan industri rumahan, berupa olahan itik pedaging. Fokus program kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pendapatan anggota keluarga Mitra melalui program unggulan itik pedaging. Pembentukan kelompok dalam program kegiatan ini, meliputi: (1). Produksi dan pengembangan klaster usahatani itik pedaging, dan (2). Hasil klaster pemasaran. Dari 1875 ekor itik pedaging yang dikelola oleh 15 peternak, jumlah keuntungan keseluruhan adalah Rp 17.608.854,00 dengan rata-rata keuntungan 15 mitra sebesar Rp 1.173.923,60. Keuntungan bebek terbesar mitra KKN-PPM di Desa Anggaswangi adalah Bapak Suwarno dengan keuntungan Rp 1.407.875,00. Sedangkan yang paling sedikit keuntungannya adalah Rp 945.241,00 dari mitra KKN PPM Ibu Rustinah.
PELATIHAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA REALISTIK BAGI GURU-GURU SD GUGUS 6 KECAMATAN BATURITI
Authors: Suharta I Gusti Putu , Sudiarta I Gst Putu , Astawa I Wayan Puja , Sariyasa Sariyasa 
Published: December 2017

Sekolah Dasar No. 1, No. 2, No.3, dan No. 4 Candikuning Kecamatan Baturiti merupakan sekolah-sekolah yang berada di bawah Gugus 6. Permasalahan guru-guru di Gugus 6 yang perlu memperoleh perhatian dan penanganan adalah berkaitan dengan guru kelas I – III, yaitu : (1) membuat rencana dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang menekankan pada pengertian, dan (2) mengembangkan media pembelajaran yang menarik dan akrab dngan siswa . Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dialami oleh para guru SD kelas I – III Gugus 6 Kecamatan Baturiti, ditawarkan pemecahan melalui penyelenggaraan pelatihan dan pedampingan. Pelatihan dan pendampingan yang dilakukan adalah: (1) perencanaan dan pelaksanaan pembelajaran matematika realistic, dan (2) pengembangan media pembelajaran yang menarik dan akrab dngan siswa. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa : (1) secara umum guru telah membuat rencana (lintasan pembelajaran) cukup dalam arti ada relevansi dan konsistensi masing-masing komponen dari lindasan pembelajaran, tetapi uraian aktivitas dan dugaan respon siswa belum maksimal, (2) pengembangan media pembelajaran, media yang dikembangkan dirasakan sangat bermanfaat., (3) pembelajaran matematika realistik merupakan sesuatu yang baru, sehingga guru merasakan mendapatkan pengetahuan baru untuk mengajarkan matematika di SD, dan (4) guru merasakan pelatihan ini sangat bermanfaat dan merasa senang untuk mengikuti pelatihan. Semua peserta menyarankan pelatihan semacam ini agar sering diadakan.
La producción informativa bajo lupa, 1939-2010. Estado de la cuestión de las principales aportaciones teóricas críticas sobre los procesos de “fabricación” de las noticias y la influencia de los medios de comunicación / The informative production under magnifying glass, 1939-2010. State of the question of the main theoretical contributions critical about the processes of "manufacturing" of the news and the influence of the media
Authors: Gallur Santorun Santiago 
Published: December 2017

Introducción. Este artículo ha consistido en el análisis exhaustivo de 160 artículos y libros sobre los medios de comunicación, la producción informativa y las consecuencias sociales de la influencia mediática durante los últimos 80 años. Objetivo. El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue entender cuál es el posicionamiento teórico de los estudiosos de los medios de comunicación sobre las dinámicas de “fabricación” de noticias y las consecuencias sociales de las mismas. Método. Para el desarrollo de este artículo se llevó a cabo una metodología basada en el análisis de contenido de las principales obras de los autores más relevantes que durante los últimos 80 años han estudiado todas las dinámicas relacionadas con la producción informativa y sus factores asociados desde un punto de vista crítico. Resultados. El principal resultado obtenido ha sido la construcción de un completo estado de la cuestión formado por 160 artículos y libros sobre las principales consecuencias sociales de diversas relacionadas con la influencia de los medios de comunicación, analizadas durante los últimos 80 años. Conclusiones. Esta investigación ha mostrado un panorama heterogéneo de interpretaciones, reflexiones y análisis sobre los medios durante buena parte del siglo XX y los primeros años del XXI, que se han alejado frecuentemente del paradigma tradicional y han mostrado una crítica profunda ante una visión mediática como modelo de negocio más que como profesión que garantiza el derecho de la sociedad a informarse.
Building a Specialized Database of the Culture of Yi People
Authors: Li Quanhua 
Published: December 2017

To build a specialized database with local characteristics is one of the future directions for the academic library at prefectural level in China. The academic library can play an important role in preserving the local cultures. It is also an important channel to establish the relationship between the academic library and the local communities. In selecting a project properly, it is important to understand its background, choose the right theme, determine the appropriate content, analyze the key relevant issues and potential problems, set clear goals, and find the right way to get the job done. It is also important to establish a partnership with enterprises. It is important to build a database by the industrial standard, have persistent efforts, enrich, update the database continuously, and pay close attention to the effectiveness of the popularization and usage of the database.
Outcomes in dogs with uroabdomen: 43 cases (2006–2015)
Authors: Grimes Janet A. , Fletcher Jon M. , Schmiedt Chad W. 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the rate of and factors associated with survival to hospital discharge in dogs with uroabdomen.
DESIGN Retrospective case series.
ANIMALS 43 dogs with uroabdomen confirmed at 2 veterinary teaching hospitals from 2006 through 2015.
PROCEDURES Medical records were reviewed and data extracted regarding cause and location of urinary tract rupture, serum creatinine concentration and other variables at hospital admission, and outcomes. Variables were tested for associations with survival to hospital discharge.
RESULTS Urinary tract rupture occurred in the urinary bladder (n = 24 [56%]), urethra (11 [26%]), kidney (2 [5%]), ureter (1 [2%]), both the urinary bladder and kidney (1 [2%]), and undetermined sites (4 [9%]). Rupture causes included traumatic (20 [47%]), obstructive (9 [21%]), and iatrogenic (7 [16%]) or were unknown (7 [16%]). Surgery was performed for 37 (86%) dogs; the defect was identified and surgically corrected in 34 (92%) of these dogs. Hypotension was the most common intraoperative complication. Nineteen dogs had information recorded on postoperative complications, of which 10 (53%) had complications that most often included death (n = 3) and regurgitation (3). Thirty-four (79%) dogs survived to hospital discharge. Dogs with intraoperative or postoperative complications were significantly less likely to survive than dogs without complications. Serum creatinine concentration at admission was not associated with survival to discharge.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE A high proportion of dogs with uroabdomen survived to hospital discharge. No preoperative risk factors for nonsurvival were identified. Treatment should be recommended to owners of dogs with uroabdomen.
A EVOLUÇÃO DO PROJETO F-X EM F-X2: A DISPUTA DE EMPRESAS TRANSNACIONAIS EM PROCEDIMENTO LICITATÓRIO PARA A VENDA DE CAÇAS SUPERSÔNICOS COM IRRESTRITA TRANSFERÊNCIA DE TECNOLOGIA PARA O BRASIL
Authors: Hartmann Roberto Vinícius , Carta Winter Luís Alexandre 
Published: December 2017

Utilizando-se o método histórico dedutivo, o presente artigo traz a ideia de que os investimentos a serem realizados para a promoção da defesa nacional caracterizam-se como políticas públicas que devem ser implementadas pelo governo. Sob essa perspectiva é que teve início no ano de 2000 um Plano de Fortalecimento de Controle do Espaço Aéreo Brasileiro, dentro do qual havia o projeto denominado de F-X, que consistia na aquisição de caças para a Força Aérea Brasileira (FAB). Referido projeto, após idas e vindas, acabou sendo relançado com a titulação de F-X2, em que se destacava que para a aquisição de caças supersônicos, a empresa vencedora do procedimento licitatório deve fazer a transferência irrestrita de tecnologia. Além disso, é feita uma análise sobre as empresas transnacionais e como ocorre a sua atuação para além das fronteiras do Estado de origem, evidenciando-se a sua relação com o projeto F-X2. Portanto, há que se ressaltar a utilização do método dedutivo para a realização do presente estudo.Palavras-chave: Políticas públicas. Projeto F-X. Projeto F-X2. Transferência de tecnologia. Empresa transnacional.Abstract: Through the historical deductive method, this article presents the idea that the investments to be made for the promotion of national defense are characterized as public policies that should be implemented by the government. From this perspective it is that began in 2000 a Plan of Brazilian Airspace Control Strengthening, within which was the project called F-X, which consisted of the acquisition of fighter aircraft to the Brazilian Air Force (FAB). This project, after going back and forth, eventually being rereleased with the titration F-X2, where stood out that for the purchase of supersonic fighters, the winner of the bidding procedure should the unrestricted transfer of technology. In addition, an analysis is made on transnational companies and how is its performance beyond the State’s borders, demonstrating their relationship with the F-X2 project. Therefore, it is worth noting the use of the deductive method for the realization of this study. Keywords: Public policies. Project F-X. Project F-X2. Transfer of technology. Transnational companies
Reduction of shunt dependency rates following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage by tandem fenestration of the lamina terminalis and membrane of Liliequist during microsurgical aneurysm repair
Authors: Winkler Ethan A. , Burkhardt Jan-Karl , Rutledge W. Caleb , Rick Jonathan W. , Partow Carlene P. , Yue John K. , Birk Harjus , Bach Ashley M. , Raygor Kunal P. , Lawton Michael T. 
Published: December 2017

OBJECTIVEShunt-dependent hydrocephalus is an important cause of morbidity following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) in excess of 20% of cases. Hydrocephalus leads to prolonged hospital and ICU stays, well as to repeated surgical interventions, readmissions, and complications associated with ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts, including shunt failure and infection. Whether variations in surgical technique at the time of aneurysm treatment may modify rates of shunt dependency remains a matter of debate. Here, the authors report on their experience with tandem fenestration of the lamina terminalis (LT) and membrane of Liliequist (MoL) at the time of open microsurgical repair of the ruptured aneurysm.METHODSThe authors conducted a retrospective review of 663 consecutive patients with aSAH treated from 2005 to 2015 by open microsurgery via a pterional or orbitozygomatic craniotomy by the senior author (M.T.L.). Data collected from review of the electronic medical record included age, Hunt and Hess grade, Fisher grade, need for an external ventricular drain, and opening pressure. Patients were stratified into those undergoing no fenestration and those undergoing tandem fenestration of the LT and MoL at the time of surgical repair. Outcome variables, including VP shunt placement and timing of shunt placement, were recorded and statistically analyzed.RESULTSIn total, shunt-dependent hydrocephalus was observed in 15.8% of patients undergoing open surgical repair following aSAH. Tandem microsurgical fenestration of the LT and MoL was associated with a statistically significant reduction in shunt dependency (17.9% vs 3.2%, p < 0.01). This effect was confirmed with multivariate analysis of collected variables (multivariate OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.03–0.30). Number-needed-to-treat analysis demonstrated that tandem fenestration was required in approximately 6.8 patients to prevent a single VP shunt placement. A statistically significant prolongation in days to VP shunt surgery was also observed in patients treated with tandem fenestration (26.6 ± 19.4 days vs 54.0 ± 36.5 days, p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSTandem fenestration of the LT and MoL at the time of open microsurgical clipping and/or bypass to secure ruptured anterior and posterior circulation aneurysms is associated with reductions in shunt-dependent hydrocephalus following aSAH. Future prospective randomized multicenter studies are needed to confirm this result.
Cerebrospinal Fluid, MRI, and Florbetaben-PET in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy-Related Inflammation
Authors: Renard Dimitri , Collombier Laurent , Demattei Christophe , Wacongne Anne , Charif Mahmoud , Ayrignac Xavier , Azakri Souhayla , Gaillard Nicolas , Boudousq Vincent , Lehmann Sylvain , Menjot de Champfleur Nicolas , Thouvenot Eric 
Published: December 2017

Background: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation (CAA-ri) is associated with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker profile similar to that observed in CAA. Few CAA-ri patients have been studied by fibrillar amyloid-β (Aβ) imaging (using 11C-Pittsburgh compound B and 18F-florbetapir, but not 18F-florbetaben). Objective: To describe CSF biomarkers, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and 18F-florbetaben (FBB)-positron emission tomography (PET) changes in CAA-ri patients. Methods: CSF levels of total tau, phosphorylated tau, Aβ1-42, and Aβ1-40, MRI (cerebral microbleeds count on susceptibility-weighted imaging and semi-quantitative analysis of fluid-attenuation inversion recovery white matter hyperintensities), and FBB-PET (using both cerebellar cortex and pons to calculate standardized uptake value ratios) were analyzed in nine consecutive CAA-ri patients. Results: A median number of 769 cerebral microbleeds/patient were counted on MRI. When using the pons as reference region, amyloid load on FBB-PET was very strongly correlated to CSF Aβ1-40 levels (rho = –0.83, p = 0.008) and moderately correlated to cerebral microbleed numbers in the occipital lobes (rho = 0.59, p = 0.001), while comparisons with other CSF biomarkers were not statistically significant (total tau, rho = –0.63, p = 0.076; phosphorylated tau, rho = –0.68, p = 0.05; Aβ1-42, rho = –0.59, p = 0.09). All correlations were weaker, and not statistically significant, when using the cerebellum as reference region. A non-significant correlation (rho = –0.50, p = 0.18) was observed between CSF Aβ1-40 levels and cerebral microbleed numbers. Conclusion: In CAA-ri, CSF Aβ1-40 levels correlated well with amyloid load assessed by FBB-PET when the pons was used as reference, and to a lesser degree with cerebral microbleeds count on MRI. This confirms earlier data on CSF Aβ1-40 as an in vivo marker for CAA and CAA-ri.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Suppresses iNOS Expression and Ameliorates Neural Impairment in Alzheimer’s Disease Mice
Authors: Wang Shan-Shan , Jia Jianjun , Wang Zhenfu 
Published: December 2017

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been reported to exhibit therapeutic effects in various animal models of neurological diseases, such as stroke and hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Objective: The present study investigated the potential beneficial effect of MSC-derived EVs in an animal model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: APP/PS1 mice and their non-transgenic littermates (WT) received intracerebroventricle injection of MSC-derived EVs once per two days for two weeks. Then novel object recognition and water maze tasks were carried out to measure the cognitive behaviors. Electrophysiological tests were carried out to measure hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) mRNA and protein levels were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting in primary cultured neurons treated with amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) or prepared from APP/PS1 mice. Results: Treatment with MSC-derived EVs alleviates exogenous Aβ-induced iNOS mRNA and protein expression. In cultured primary neurons prepared from APP/PS1 pups, iNOS mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced when treated with MSC-derived EVs. MSC-derived EVs improved cognitive behavior, rescued impairment of CA1 synaptic transmission, and long-term potentiation in APP/PS1 mice. Conclusion: MSC-derived EVs possessed beneficial effects in a mouse model of AD, probably by suppressing Aβ induced iNOS expression.
General-relativistic Simulations of Four States of Accretion onto Millisecond Pulsars
Authors: Parfrey Kyle , Tchekhovskoy Alexander 
Published: December 2017

Abstract
Accreting neutron stars can power a wide range of astrophysical phenomena including short- and long-duration gamma-ray bursts, ultra-luminous X-ray sources, and X-ray binaries. Numerical simulations are a valuable tool for studying the accretion-disk–magnetosphere interaction that is central to these problems, most clearly for the recently discovered transitional millisecond pulsars. However, magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) methods, widely used for simulating accretion, have difficulty in highly magnetized stellar magnetospheres, while force-free methods, suitable for such regions, cannot include the accreting gas. We present an MHD method that can stably evolve essentially force-free, highly magnetized regions, and describe the first time-dependent relativistic simulations of magnetized accretion onto millisecond pulsars. Our axisymmetric general-relativistic MHD simulations for the first time demonstrate how the interaction of a turbulent accretion flow with a pulsar’s electromagnetic wind can lead to the transition of an isolated pulsar to the accreting state. This transition naturally leads to the formation of relativistic jets, whose power can greatly exceed the power of the isolated pulsar’s wind. If the accretion rate is below a critical value, the pulsar instead expels the accretion stream. More generally, our simulations produce for the first time the four possible accretion regimes, in order of decreasing mass accretion rate: (a) crushed magnetosphere and direct accretion; (b) magnetically channeled accretion onto the stellar poles; (c) the propeller state, where material enters through the light cylinder but is prevented from accreting by the centrifugal barrier; (d) almost perfect exclusion of the accretion flow from the light cylinder by the pulsar wind.