bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sugar intake by type (added vs. naturally occurring) and physical form (liquid vs. solid) and its varying association with children's body weight, NHANES 2009–2014
Authors: Welsh J. A. , Wang Y. , Figueroa J. , Brumme C. 
Published: January 2018

SummaryBackgroundSugars and their primary dietary sources (milk, fruits, sweetened foods and beverages) are associated, in different ways, with a range of health outcomes, including obesity. The contribution made to total sugar intake and how the different types and forms of sugar associate with body weight is unclear.ObjectiveTo describe sugar consumption and examine its association with weight status among U.S. children by sugar type [added {AS} vs. naturally occurring {NOS}] and form (solid vs. liquid).DesignCross‐sectional dietary data (2 24‐h recalls) from children 2–19 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2009–2014 (n = 8136) were used to estimate the amount of each type and form of sugar by age and weight status. Linear regression models tested trends and the multivariate adjusted association between the different sugars and weight status.ResultsMean total sugar, AS, and NOS was 118.1 g [25.3% total energy {TE}], 71.5 g (14.8% TE), 46.7 g (10.5% TE), respectively. AS in sugar‐sweetened (non‐dairy) beverages and NOS in juices contributed 6.9% and 2.4% of TE, respectively. Only %TE from AS (controlled for potential demographic, lifestyle confounders) was associated with change in body mass index z‐score (BMIz) [AS in beverages: BMIz β + 0.01 {95% CI: 0.002, 0.03}; AS in foods: BMIz β − 0.03 {95% CI: −0.04, −0.02}].ConclusionDietary sugars, most of which are AS, are a major contributor of calories in the diets of U.S. children. Only AS in non‐dairy sources were associated with weight although the direction differed by the form consumed. AS in beverages were associated positively and those in foods were associated inversely with children's weight status.
Dynamic pricing, quality investment, and replenishment model for perishable items
Authors: Feng Lin 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe deterioration of perishable items results not only in direct quantitative losses, but also in qualitative losses, which would reduce the customer acceptability. To maintain or improve the quality level, sellers usually invest in functionality, aesthetics, safety or any other attributes. In addition to quality, price also plays a critical role in influencing the purchase choice of consumers and the profit of a firm. Most inventory management models for perishables are restricted to physical quantity deterioration and do not address joint dynamic pricing and quality investment strategies. This paper studies an optimal replenishment model with dynamic pricing and quality investment for perishable products, where the quality and physical quantity deteriorate simultaneously. The demand rate is decreasing in sales price and increasing in quality level. A dynamic optimization model is proposed to maximize the total profit per unit time and solved on the basis of Pontryagin's maximum principle. The optimal joint dynamic pricing, quality investment, and replenishment policy is obtained. A numerical example and sensitivity analysis on the key system parameters are presented to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results. Some managerial implications for the pricing and quality investment for the perishables are provided.
Polymer‐derived ceramic adsorbent for pollutant removal from water
Authors: Zeydanli Damla , Akman Suleyman , Vakifahmetoglu Cekdar 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPolymer‐derived ceramic components (SiOC, sample W) were produced from preceramic polymer mixture and a catalyst. After curing and pyrolysis, some of the samples etched by hydrofluoric acid to obtain carbonaceous SiOC (C‐rich SiOC, sample W‐HF). W and W‐HF were tested as an adsorbent material to remove both heavy‐metal ions (Cr (III), Pb (III), and Cd (II)) and cationic dyes (Methylene Blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RB), and Crystal Violet (CV)) from aqueous solutions. HF‐treated high surface area SiOC samples had quite high adsorption affinity for cationic dyes. According the Langmuir isotherm model the maximum dye uptake values were found to be around to 50 mg/g for sample W, whereas those for sample W‐HF ranged from 104 to 186 mg/g. Regeneration studies were conducted both by heat treatment and leaching, high recovery yields (always above 97%) of MB adsorption were obtained.
Asset specificity and conditional accounting conservatism
Authors: Li Qingyuan , Xu Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractAsset specificity, the redeployability of an asset to alternative uses, is a key determinant of an asset's resale value. Asset specificity has a direct impact on a firm's ongoing fair value determination, bankruptcy risk, liquidation value, and abandonment option. We document a significant negative association between asset specificity and conditional conservatism. Further tests reveal that this inverse relation manifests as bad news being less quickly incorporated in earnings as asset specificity increases. We find no difference in the extent to which good news is delayed in earnings for firms conditional on asset specificity. In addition, the documented association is stronger when asset specificity arises from lower within‐industry acquisition activity. The association is also more pronounced for firms that are in less competitive industries, have institutional investors, have limited access to the public debt market, and/or have more unsecured debt. Our findings are noteworthy for regulators and researchers given the recent interest in the determinants of conservatism.
Quality of life with ablation or medical therapy for ventricular arrhythmias: A substudy of VANISH
Authors: Gula Lorne J. , Doucette Steve , Leong‐Sit Peter , Tang Anthony S.L. , Parkash Ratika , Sarrazin Jean‐Francois , Thibault Bernard , Essebag Vidal , Tung Stanley K. , Deyell Marc W. , Raymond Jean‐Marc , Lane Chris , Nery Pablo B. , Veenhuyzen George D. , Redfearn Damian P. , Healey Jeffrey S. , Roux Jean‐Francois , Giddens Karen , Sapp John L. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackground/objectiveWe compared health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) in patients randomized to escalated therapy and those randomized to ablation for ventricular tachycardia in the VANISH trial.MethodsHRQoL was assessed among VANISH patients at baseline and 3‐, 6‐, and 12‐month follow‐up visits. Four validated instruments were used: the SF‐36, the implanted cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) Concerns questionnaire (ICDC), the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the EuroQol five dimensions questionnaire (EQ‐5D). Linear mixed‐effects modeling was used for repeated measures with SF‐36, HADS, ICDC, and EQ‐5D as dependent variables. In a second model, treatment was subdivided by amiodarone use prior to enrollment.ResultsHRQoL did not differ significantly between those randomized to ablation or escalated therapy. On subgroup analysis, improvement in SF‐36 measures was seen at 6 months in the ablation group for social functioning (63.5–69.3, P = 0.03) and energy/fatigue (43.0–47.9, P = 0.01). ICDC measures showed a reduction in ICD concern in the ablation group at 6 months (10.4–8.7, P = 0.01) and a reduction in ICD concern in the escalated therapy group at 6 months (10.9–9.4, P = 0.04). EQ‐5D measures showed a significant improvement in overall health in ablation patients at 6 months (63.4–67.3, P = 0.04).ConclusionPatients in the VANISH study randomized to ablation did not have a significant change in quality of life outcomes compared to those randomized to escalated therapy. Some subgroup findings were significant, as those randomized to ablation showed persistent improvement in SF‐36 energy/fatigue and ICD concern, and transient improvement in SF‐36 social functioning and EQ‐5D overall health.
Morphological and Molecular Redefinition of Euplotes platystoma Dragesco & Dragesco‐Kernéis, 1986 and Aspidisca lynceus (Müller,1773) Ehrenberg, 1859, with Reconsideration of a “Well‐known” Euplotes Ciliate, Euplotes harpa Stein, 1859 (Ciliophora, Euplotida)
Authors: Lian Chunyu , Luo Xiaotian , Fan Xinpeng , Huang Jie , Yu Yuhe , Bourland William , Song Weibo 
Published: January 2018

AbstractWe documented the morphology, infraciliature, silverline system, and molecular data of two euplotid species isolated from China, including two populations of the poorly known Euplotes platystoma Dragesco & Dragesco‐Kernéis, and the previously well described Aspidisca lynceus (Müller, ) Ehrenberg, 1830. Based on the information available, an improved diagnosis of Euplotes platystoma is given, including: a narrow adoral zone with 44–68 membranelles, 10 frontoventral, 5 transverse, 2 left marginal and 2 caudal cirri, 11–13 dorsal kineties with 17–25 dikinetids in the mid‐dorsal row, and dorsal silverline system of the double‐eurystomus type. The Chinese population of Aspidisca lynceus closely resembles previously described populations. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from SSU rDNA sequences show that E. platystoma is closely related with E. neapolitanus, and the internal position of A. lynceus within this genus is still not robust. A reconsideration of the “well‐known” Euplotes harpa and a comparison of all SSU rDNA sequences of E. harpa in GenBank are provided. We speculate that the sequences available from GenBank under the name of E. harpa are very likely from misidentified materials, that is, the identity of the species currently associated with the SSU rDNA of this “well‐known” form in molecular databases requires further confirmation.
Application of natural plant extracts as colorants, preservatives, and anti‐listerial agents in processed fish products
Authors: Tayel Ahmed A. , Almabady Nashwa A. , Sorour Noha M. , Diab Amany M. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe anti‐listerial activity of various plant extracts was investigated, qualitatively and quantitatively against Listeria monocytogenes strains. The extracts of Punica granatum peels (PPE) and Hibiscus sabdariffa calyxes (RCE) exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity. The application of PPE and RCE, as colorant, preservative, and antimicrobial agents, was conducted for the manufacturing of fish products (burger and surimi). The two extracts could effectively enhance the microbial, sensory, and shelf life attributes of prepared fish products. The combination of the extracts at their inhibitory concentrations lead to complete inhibition of inoculated L. monocytogenes cells, enhancing the sensory attributes of treated fish products and increasing panelists' preference.Practical applicationsFoodborne pathogens' transmission via fish products, for example, L. monocytogenes, is hazardous and must be overcome efficiently and safely. The substitution of synthetic and chemical food additives and preservatives with natural agents is a general request from all. Results of study supported the practical application of powerful anti‐listerial plant extracts, for example, pomegranate peels and rosella calyxes, for the control of L. monocytogenes, coloring and improving sensorial attributes of processed fish products, burger and surimi.
Detection of foodborne viruses in ready‐to‐eat meat products and meat processing plants
Authors: Markantonis Nikolas , Vasickova Petra , Kubankova Monika , Mikel Pavel , Botsaris George 
Published: January 2018

AbstractSeveral studies have confirmed the presence of foodborne viruses in different food products throughout the world. There is accumulating data suggesting that the economic burden of foodborne viral infections is rising, making the understanding and monitoring of their prevalence a necessity, for the modern food industry. The objective of this study was to examine ready‐to‐eat meat products and environmental samples originated from meat processing plants in Cyprus, for four foodborne viruses: norovirus (NoV GGI, NoV GII), rotavirus, hepatitis A virus, and hepatitis E virus. A total of 48 swab samples and 42 different pork meat products from two plants were analyzed in parallel. The reverse transcription real‐time polymerase chain reaction revealed two swab samples from the same plant positive for norovirus GGI. The detection of norovirus on a slicer machine and on the hands of a worker, suggest that foodborne viruses can be present in meat processing environments.Practical applicationsThere is an increasing need to better understand the prevalence of foodborne viruses in the environment and food, given the rise of viral foodborne outbreaks throughout the world, as reported by World Health Organization. Meat products form an important exposure vehicle to humans either directly, through the consumption of raw products, or as a result of cross‐contamination in food processing plants. This is the first report in Cyprus illustrating the presence of foodborne viruses in meat processing plants and the possible impact in public health, through the consumption of ready‐to‐eat meat products.
Occurrence of Campylobacter in raw chicken and beef from retail outlets in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Lopes Graciela Volz , Landgraf Mariza , Destro Maria Teresa 
Published: January 2018

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of Campylobacter in meat samples (120 chicken and 100 beef) and determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates. A total of 220 samples from retail outlets were purchased in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Campylobacter detection was performed according to the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) method ISO‐10272‐1:2006. A PCR assay based on nucleotide sequence differences in the lpxA gene was used to distinguish between C. jejuni and C. coli. Antimicrobial resistance was determined by agar disc diffusion method. Campylobacter was isolated from 17 (7.7%) of 220 samples. Breast fillets exhibited the highest contamination rate (25%; 5/20), followed by wings (15%; 6/40), whole leg (15%; 3/20), drumstick (10%; 2/20), and drumette (5%; 1/20). All beef samples were negative for Campylobacter. The most prevalent species found was C. coli, followed by C. jejuni. The isolates were commonly resistant to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin. Data obtained confirm the need of monitoring and control of Campylobacter in poultry production chain.Practical applicationsCampylobacter spp. cause foodborne illness in humans commonly through the consumption of contaminated poultry meat. Although Brazil is the world's largest poultry meat exporter, data regarding this pathogen are limited in our country. In the present study, chicken cuts purchased from retail stores in São Paulo may occasionally be contaminated with Campylobacter. This underline the importance of surveillance of foodborne pathogens in retail meats, and the data can contribute to risk analyses or control measures in the meat production chain.
Falls in Cognitively Impaired Older Adults: Implications for Risk Assessment And Prevention
Authors: Montero‐Odasso Manuel , Speechley Mark 
Published: January 2018

ObjectivesTo provide an overview of the role of cognition in falls, with potential implications for managing and preventing falls in older adults.DesignReview.SettingObservational and interventional studies addressing the role of cognition on falls.ParticipantsCommunity‐dwelling older adults (65 years and older).MeasurementsThe relationship between gait and cognition in aging and neurodegeneration was reviewed in the medical literature to highlight the role of brain motor control deficits in fall risk. The benefits of dual‐task gait assessments as a marker of fall risk were reviewed. Therapeutic approaches for reducing falls by improving certain aspects of cognition were appraised.ResultsLow performance in attention and executive function are associated with gait slowing, instability, and future falls. Drug‐enhancement of cognition may reduce falls in Parkinson's disease, and cognitive training, dual‐task training, and virtual reality modalities are promising to improve mobility in sedentary older adults and in those with cognitive impairment and dementia.ConclusionFalls remain common in older people, with higher prevalence and morbidity in those who are cognitively impaired. Disentangling the mechanism and contribution of cognitive deficits in fall risk may open new treatment approaches. Mounting evidence supports that cognitive therapies help reduce falls.
FRUCTOKINASE‐LIKE PROTEIN 1 interacts with TRXz to regulate chloroplast development in rice
Authors: He Lei , Zhang Sen , Qiu Zhennan , Zhao Juan , Nie Wendan , Lin Haiyan , Zhu Zhengge , Zeng Dali , Qian Qian , Zhu Li 
Published: January 2018

AbstractChloroplast genes are transcribed by the plastid‐encoded RNA polymerase (PEP) or nucleus‐encoded RNA polymerase. FRUCTOKINASE‐LIKE PROTEINS (FLNs) are phosphofructokinase‐B (PfkB)‐type carbohydrate kinases that act as part of the PEP complex; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying FLN activity in rice remain elusive. Previously, we identified and characterized a heat‐stress sensitive albino (hsa1) mutant in rice. Map‐based cloning revealed that HSA1 encodes a putative OsFLN2. Here, we further demonstrated that knockdown or knockout of the OsFLN1, a close homolog of HSA1/OsFLN2, considerably inhibits chloroplast biogenesis and the fln1 knockout mutants, created by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR‐associate protein 9, exhibit severe albino phenotype and seedling lethality. Moreover, OsFLN1 localizes to the chloroplast. Yeast two‐hybrid, pull‐down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation experiments revealed that OsFLN1 and HSA1/OsFLN2 interact with THIOREDOXINZ (OsTRXz) to regulate chloroplast development. In agreement with this, knockout of OsTRXz resulted in a similar albino and seedling lethality phenotype to that of the fln1 mutants. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analysis revealed that the transcription and translation of PEP‐dependent genes were strongly inhibited in fln1 and trxz mutants, indicating that loss of OsFLN1, HSA1/OsFLN2, or OsTRXz function perturbs the stability of the transcriptionally active chromosome complex and PEP activity. These results show that OsFLN1 and HSA1/OsFLN2 contribute to chloroplast biogenesis and plant growth.
The quality of life of children with severe developmental disabilities
Authors: Ncube B. L. , Perry A. , Weiss J. A. 
Published: January 2018

AbstractBackgroundResearch examining the quality of life (QoL) of children with severe developmental disabilities (SDD) is limited. The present study examines parent perceptions of child QoL in children with SDD compared with typically developing (TD) children and then examines predictors of QoL for the SDD group.MethodParents of 246 children with SDD (aged 4 to 19 years) and 210 TD children (aged 4 to 18 years) responded to an online survey. QoL was measured using a composite variable composed of the child's happiness, achievement of potential and friendship quality.ResultsChildren with DD had lower QoL ratings than TD children. In children with DD, higher QoL was related to younger age, higher adaptive skills, lower maladaptive behaviour, lower parent psychological distress and higher satisfaction with the child's education.ConclusionsInterventions to promote positive outcomes for children with SDD should target both characteristics of the individual and the environment.
Prevalence, Defining Characteristics, and Related Factors of the Nursing Diagnosis of Anxiety in Hospitalized Medical‐Surgical Patients
Authors: Sanson Gianfranco , Perrone Annalisa , Fascì Adriana , D'Agostino Fabio 
Published: January 2018

AbstractPurposeTo document the prevalence of the nursing diagnosis of anxiety in hospital patients, based on its level of severity, defining characteristics (DCs), and other related factors, and to identify the key DCs that serve as predictors of clinically significant anxiety (CSA).DesignCross‐sectional study. We enrolled 116 consecutive adult patients hospitalized from October 10 to 16, 2016, in medical‐surgical wards within the first 48 hr of admission.MethodsThe potential DCs and related factors of anxiety were collected based on the NANDA International terminology. Anxiety was considered clinically significant when presenting at moderate, severe, or panic level. The differences in DC prevalence among patients having or not having CSA were analyzed by unpaired student's t‐test. Multivariate analysis was used to examine the independent association between the DCs and CSA.FindingsThe prevalence of CSA was 36.2% and was significantly higher in patients who were older, female, and taking anxiolytic drugs, and among those who had cancer. The most frequent related factor for CSA was major change in health status. In the logistic regression, the presence of the DCs helplessness, altered attention or concentration, and anguish independently increased the odds of having CSA, whereas subjects presenting with Diminished ability to problem‐solve had about a 96% reduction in the likelihood to suffer from such a condition.ConclusionsA high prevalence of CSA among medical‐surgical patients was shown. Furthermore, a critical cluster of DCs useful to identify CSA was found.Clinical RelevanceThe ability to accurately diagnose CSA should help prescribe and deliver the appropriate nursing interventions.
The science behind skin care: Moisturizers
Authors: Draelos Zoe D 
Published: January 2018

SummaryMoisturizers provide functional skin benefits, such as making the skin smooth and soft, increasing skin hydration, and improving skin optical characteristics; however, moisturizers also function as vehicles to deliver ingredients to the skin. These ingredients may be vitamins, botanical antioxidants, peptides, skin‐lightening agents, botanical anti‐inflammatories, or exfoliants. This discussion covers the science of moisturizers.
Radial versus femoral approach for same‐day inter‐facility transfer for percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Israeli Zeev , Lavi Shahar , Bertand Olivier F. , Mamas Mamas A. , Bagur Rodrigo 
Published: January 2018

BackgroundThe use of radial approach for coronary angiography, followed by same‐day inter‐facility transfer for percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not yet been evaluated.ObjectivesWe sought to assess the safety and feasibility of using the transradial as compared to the transfemoral approach in patients undergoing diagnostic angiogram with same‐day transfer to a PCI facility.MethodsPatients that underwent diagnostic coronary angiography between January 2011 and June 2017 in a referring facility, and were transferred for same‐day PCI were included. Patients’ demographics, as well as procedural data and in‐hospital outcome, were collected.ResultsThree hundred fifty‐two participants were included. Of these, 36 (10.2%) patients received transradial access. Patients in the transradial group were older (68 ± 10 vs 62 ± 12 years, P = 0.007), and received a significantly higher total dose of heparin including both, diagnostic and PCI procedures (5935 ± 1865 vs 10029 ± 2771 units, P < 0.001). None of the transradial patients experienced bleeding or access‐related complications. In the transfemoral group, 9 (3%) vascular‐access complications were recorded. Contrast volume was lower for transradial patients (177 ± 47 vs 216 ± 75 mL, P < 0.001). A higher proportion of outpatients were discharged from the PCI‐center the same day after transradial procedures (53% vs 1.3%, P < 0.001).ConclusionsTransradial access for inter‐facility transfer for PCI after diagnostic angiogram appears safe and feasible, without increasing the risk for ischemic hand complications. Transradial access was associated with fewer bleeding and vascular access‐site complications, and with a higher likelihood for a same‐day discharge home in outpatients.