bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Horseless Carriage & Cracked Mirror: The Electronic Media in the Pacific Islands
Authors: Hill Helen 
Published: July 2017

Some of the problems of television, I believe, are the result of the uncritical transplantation of certain of the norms of radio. It is something like the early automobile, which was designed with features of its predecessor, the horsedrawn carriage … I want to argue that the carriage is not only horseless but driverless as well … it is my impression that television (especially in new and small nations) goes off on its own way, despite the best efforts of often capable and willful people. Television in new nation X, with all that nation's aspirations for indigenous cultural creativity seems to want to be like television everywhere else, and nobody seems able to stop it. Elihu Katz, ‘Television as a Horseless Carriage’, (1973 p381) Perhaps the most useful contribution TV can make to a community is the opportunity it offers for increased self-awareness. By ‘holding, up a mirror’ for a society, more effectively than any other medium, TV vastly increases the flow of information, ideas, entertainment, opinion, and can encourage involvement by all levels of society in the development of a sense of identity. But this is only possible if local people have control of the medium and access to it. Ian Johnstone, ‘From Closed to Open Television in the South Pacific’, (1973, p7) Colonialism is a communication system that presents cracked mirrors which distort reflections of our true selves. Lasarusa Vusoniwailala, Fijian Broadcaster, (1976, p4) I think media are so powerful they swallow cultures. I think of them as invisible environments which surround and destroy old environments, Sensitivity to problems of culture conflict and conquest becomes meaningless here, for media conquers all cultures. One may pretend that media preserve and present the old by recording it on film and tape, but that is mere distraction, a sleight-of-hand possible when people keep their eyes focused on content. Edmund Carpenter, Communications consultant to New Guinea Administration (1973, pp190–191)
Asia & the Australian Media
Authors: Frost Frank 
Published: July 2017

The 1980 controversy over the character of Australian reporting on Indonesia, notably East Timor, and Radio Australia's broadcasts to Indonesia was a major stimulus for an October 1981 Australian Institute of International Affairs (Canberra Branch) Conference. The 19 speakers — Australian and Asian journalists and academic specialists on Asia and on media — and 200 participants paid a lot of attention to these issues. But they were discussed in a broader context: Australian media reporting of Asia; the presentation of Australia in Asian media; reforms in the collection and distribution of international and especially developing countries news; and Asian news and the Australian public. This paper reviews the major strands of the Conference.
Third World Mass Communications: A Basic Bibliography
Authors: Lent John A 
Published: July 2017

To produce a selected bibliography on Third World mass communications has become rather difficult in recent years, because of an abundance of materials. The controversy that led to and nourished the New World and International Information Order augmented the literature by many fold and in some cases impressively — though not always differently, as catch phrases and arguments on all sides of the debate were repeated almost slavishly in packaged articles and books reminiscent of the works of a public relations practitioner. The growth of journalism training, research and educational institutions — and a corresponding increase in teachers, researchers and writers — in Third World nations also produced a glut of information. Because of these factors and a space limitation, this bibliography is devoted almost entirely to books and monographs published between 1971 and 1981. A list of periodicals which carry Third World mass communications articles is added, with notations on special issues devoted to the topic. To do more than this concerning periodical literature is prohibitive in this article. Categories used are bibliographies; mass communications, broken down into general, advertising and public relations, broadcasting, film and press; communication and development in the Third World (including media's role in social change, national development and integration, rural development and revolutionary movements); communications, politics and governments in the Third World (including law of the press, political processes and ideologies, right to communicate and press freedom); and the New World and International Information Order and the Third World (including media imperialism, flow of news and information and national sovereignty). This listing in no way is meant to be exhaustive; instead, it is designed to serve as a basic bibliography of the most recent books and monographs written by researchers and scholars throughout the world, but mainly from the United States.
Dental Habits, Knowledge, and Attitudes of Young Drug Addicts
Authors: Scheutz Flemming 
Published: July 2017

The aim of the present study was to obtain information about a group of young drug addicts' dental habits, knowledge, and attitudes. Semistructured interviews with openended questions based on well-defined hypotheses were obtained with 20 intravenous drug addicts attending a Danish addiction clinic. All the interviews were taped and typed out verbatim. The analysis of the interviews was primarily carried out qualitatively. Almost all the addicts had been enrolled in the Public Child Dental Care system and the majority vividly remembered this as an unpleasant experience. None of the addicts attended a dentist regularly after having finished school, when the drug abuse usually started. Only a need for acute relief could generally motivate the addicts to visit a dentist, and in the few instances they were questioned about any drug abuse or viral hepatitis infection they usually concealed this. They evidenced very limited knowledge concerning the causes and prevention of dental decay and periodontal disease, and the high prevalence of dental caries was often believed to be caused solely or partly by the ascorbic acid or citric acid that is mixed and injected together with the drugs. A distinct behaviour with a neglected oral hygiene and an excessive intake of candy, soft drinks, and other food with a high sugar content was common. The dietary habits were related to the injection of the drugs in a ritual manner. The drug addicts only realized how deplorable their dental health had become during periods of abstinence, and then they were often embarrassed or ashamed of their esthetic appearance, although this was not perceived to have a negative influence on attempts at resocialization. Any improvement in the dental behaviour in this group and a decrease in their dental disease is undoubtedly closely connected with stopping drug abuse, or at least reducing it, together with an improvement in these individuals' entire situation.
Alcohol and fertility: how much is too much?
Authors: Van Heertum Kristin , Rossi Brooke 
Published: July 2017

Abstract
Alcohol use is prevalent in the United States. Given that a substantial portion of the drinking population is of reproductive age, it is not uncommon for couples who are attempting conception, or for women who are already pregnant, to be regularly consuming alcohol. Alcohol use is associated with multiple reproductive risks, including having a child with a Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, increased risk of fetal loss, and decreased chance of live birth. This review serves to examine the risks of alcohol in the context of reproductive health.
Self-esteem and the value of body in people who exercise regularly at the gym - the results of pilot studies
Authors: Ziemianek Piotr , Jendrysik Krzysztof , Horodecki Mikołaj , Knapik Andrzej 
Published: July 2017

Wstęp. Ćwiczenie na siłowni staje się coraz bardziej popularne, zarówno wśród kobiet, jak i wśród mężczyzn. Regularne treningi, poza zmianami morfologicznymi oraz funkcjonalnymi mogą mieć wpływ na zmiany pewnych aspektów psychologicznych, szczególnie dotyczących poczucia własnej wartości oraz postrzegania własnego ciała. Cel. Postanowiono określić poziom poczucia własnej wartości oraz poczucia wartości własnego ciała u osób ćwiczących na siłowni. Ponadto celem badań było zbadanie wzajemnych zależności między tymi rodzajami samooceny oraz ocena wpływu wieku i stażu treningowego na ich poziom u kobiet i u mężczyzn. Materiał i metody. Zbadano 73 osoby regularnie ćwiczące na siłowni: 23 kobiety i 50 mężczyzn. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz, zawierający Skalę Samooceny Rosenberga (SES) oraz Skalę Poczucia Wartości Własnego Ciała (BES). Wyniki. Zarówno kobiety, jak i mężczyźni ocenili poczucie własnej wartości na poziomie 59% możliwych do uzyskania punktów. Również poczucie wartości własnego ciała i jego składowe były powyżej połowy możliwych do uzyskania punktów. Nie znaleziono korelacji poczucia własnej wartości z poczuciem wartości własnego ciała. Odnotowano silne wzajemne korelacje między składowymi skali BES. Wśród kobiet odnotowano korelację wieku z wynikami SES. Wnioski. Osoby ćwiczące na siłowni mają dobry poziom globalnej samooceny oraz poczucia wartości własnego ciała. Badane rodzaje samooceny nie są wzajemnymi korelatami. Aspekty poczucia wartości własnego ciała są ze sobą skorelowane. Wśród kobiet wiek wpływa dodatnio na poczucie własnej wartości.
Prefered and actual leadership behaviours of coaches, perceived by athletes in training process
Authors: Fiedor Marian 
Published: July 2017

Goal: obtaining an opinion of athletes about actual and preferred leadership behaviours of coaches as well as determining their correlation with selected personality features.Material: 140 competitors who practise professional sport: 54 females (38,6%) and 86 males (61,4%). The research project was carried out in 2014.Methods and tools: Rotter’s Internal-External Locus of Control Scale in translation of H. Olearnika (Ł. Drwal 1995), Generalised Self-Efficacy Scale, GSES - R. Schwarzer, M. Jerusalem and Z. Juczyński (Z. Juczyński 2001) as well as a Polish version of Leadership Scale for Sports LSS – a questionnaire for examining coaching behavior) – by Zuzanna Wałach-Biśta (Wałach-Biśta 2014). Additionally, there were age, seniority and sport class certificates provided.Results: statistical calculations indicate diversity of female-competitors and male-competitors in the analysed parametres and 5 subscales of the SPS questionnaire.Conclusion/ summary: results of the analysis of rates of correlation indicate need for additional training for coaches in the field of selected soft skills (e.g. communicative).
Comparison between supra-cath and pigtail in drainage of liver abscess
Authors: Gupta Poonam , Goel Anubhav , Kumar Rajesh 
Published: July 2017

Background: A majority of patients with liver abscess respond rapidly to treatment with drugs but the remaining specially with complications will eventually require either percutaneous aspiration or percutaneous drainage for their resolution. For this, Ryle’s tubes and Pigtail catheters have been used for percutaneous drainage of abscess. Supra-Cath is the latest variety of catheter which can be used for this purpose. Our study compares supracath and pigtail application for management.Methods: We conducted a prospective randomized comparative study in the departments of Surgery and Radiology, UPUMS Saifai, Etawah, Uttar Pradesh. A rural tertiary care centre in total of 60 patients from August 2016 to April 2017.Results: Average age in PCD and SCD were 38 and 42 respectably. Male:female ratio was 23:7 in PCD group and 21:9 in SCD group. Average size of abscess was 6.7 cm in PCD group and 6.9 in SCD group. Amoebic liver abscess was 18 in PCD and 22 in SCD group. Pyogenic abscess was 12 in PCD and 8 in SCD group. Average time for removal of PCD was 9.7 days and 8.6 in SCD group. In follow, up six patient had residual abscess in PCD group and two in SCD group at one month interval and all resolved with conservative treatment.Conclusions: Supra-Cath is very useful catheter for effective and safe drainage of large liver abscess and can be used as an alternative to pigtail catheter if not available.
RELEVANCE OF WHOLE BODY VIBRATION EXERCISE IN SPORT: A SHORT REVIEW WITH SOCCER, DIVER AND COMBAT SPORT
Authors: Morel Danielle Soares , Dionello Carla da Fontoura , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , Brandão- Sobrinho-Neto Samuel , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa Liane , Souza Patrícia Lopes , Sá- Caputo Danúbia da Cunha , Dias Glenda , Figueiredo Claudia , Carmo Roberto Carlos Resende , Paiva Patrícia de Castro , Sousa-Gonçalves Cintia Renata , Kütter Cristiane Ribeiro , Guedes- Aguiar Eliane de Oliveira , Cloak Ross , Bernardo-Filho Mario 
Published: July 2017

Background: Whole body vibration exercise (WBVE) has been used as a safe and accessible exercise and important
reviews have been published about the use of this exercise to manage diseases and to improve physical conditions of
athletes The aim of this paper is to highlight the relevance of WBVE to soccer players, divers and combat athletes.
Material and methods: This study was made through a systematic review of publications involving WBVE and the
selected sports in two databases (Pubmed and PEDRo).
Results: It were identified 10 studies involving WBVE and sports (6 of soccer, 2 of diving and 2 of sport combat) with
156 subjects (80 soccer players, 32 divers and 44 combat athletes), with age from 17 to 44 years old.
Conclusion: The use of WBVE has proven to be a safe and useful strategy to improve the physical conditions of
players of different sports. These findings may have clinical relevance and should be considered as a strategy to be used
to try improve the physical conditions of players.
QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME IS IMPROVED AFTER WHOLE BODY VIBRATION EXERCISES
Authors: Carvalho-Lima Rafaelle Pacheco , Sá-Caputo Danúbia C. , Moreira-Marconi Eloá , Dionello Carla , Paineiras-Domingos Laisa Liane , Sousa-Gonçalves Cintia Renata , Morel Daniele Soares , Frederico Eric Heleno, , Neves Mario F. , Oliveira Ricardo , Oigman Wille , Marin Pedro J. , Paiva Dulciane N. , Bernardo-Filho Mario 
Published: July 2017

Background: Whole body vibration exercises (WBVE) improve the quality of life (QoL) of different populations.
Metabolic syndrome patients (MetS) may be favored by physical activity. Questionnaires are used to assess the QoL.
The aim was to evaluate the QoL of patients with MetS that have undergone WBVE with a brief WHOQOL
(WHOQOL-BREF).
Material and Methods: MetS patients were randomly divided into three groups: (i) control group (CG), (ii) treated
with WBVE once per week (WBVE1) and (iii) treated with WBVE twice per week (WBVE2). In the first session, the
patient was sat in a chair in front of the platform with the feet on its base in 3 peak to peak displacements (2.5, 5.0 and
7.5 mm) and frequency of 5 Hz was used. From the second to the last session, patients were subjected to the same
protocol, however they were standing on the base of the platform and the frequency was increased up to 14 Hz. The
patients fulfilled the WHOQOL-BREF before the first and after the last sessions. Cronbach coefficients were
determined to each domain of the WHOQOL-BREF and test Wilcoxon (p
Notas al pie de Gaza, de Joe Sacco: el anacronismo como posibilidad de acceso a la experiencia límite
Authors: Mancilla Juan Manuel 
Published: July 2017

Nos adentramos en las posibilidades de la novela gráfica como una plataforma discursiva de crítica social que reactualiza y tensa el otrora paradigma del arte comprometido. A partir de las ideas de Georges Didi-Huberman en Ante el tiempo, iremos desarrollando el análisis sobre la “modernidad del anacronismo”, la funcionalidad de la “imagen-combate” y la efectividad de la “imagen-aura” en la propuesta de Joe Sacco. La problemática central del estudio se debate en la "lucha" entre palabra e imagen; esta última, en tanto dispositivo de acceso a la experiencia límite para reconstruir la memoria histórica del acontecimiento.
KEDUDUKAN PERATURAN KEBIJAKAN DALAM UNDANG-UNDANG ADMINISTRASI PEMERINTAHAN
Authors: Nalle Victor Imanuel 
Published: July 2017

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong><br />Prinsip diskresi adalah prinsip yang penting sebagai panduan bagi pemerintah untuk mengambil tindakan. Sebagaimana halnya hakim yang tidak boleh menolak perkara dengan alasan tidak ada hukumnya, maka pemerintah pun tidak dapat menolak mengambil tindakan dalam keadaan genting dengan alasan tidak ada dasar hukumnya. Produk hukum yang merupakan keluaran dari diskresi tersebut berupa peraturan kebijakan (beleidsregels atau policy rules). Walaupun dalam praktik penyelenggaraan pemerintahan seringkali menggunakan peraturan kebijakan tetapi belum ada peraturan perundang-undangan yang mengatur penggunaan peraturan kebijakan sebagai bentuk diskresi. Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 tentang Administrasi Pemerintahan sebagai payung bagi hukum administrasi negara di Indonesia juga tidak mengatur peraturan kebijakan. Tulisan ini akan mengkaji konsep peraturan kebijakan untuk diintrodusir ke dalam UU Administrasi Pemerintahan agar terdapat pengaturan yang utuh dari diskresi hingga bentuk-bentuk dari diskresi, salah satunya peraturan kebijakan.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><br />The principle of discretion is an important principle as a guide for the government to take action. As in the case of judges who may not refuse a case with no legal reason, then the government can't refuse to take action in conjuncture with the reason no legal basis. Although in practice governance policies often use policy rules, but there is no legislation governing the use of policy rules as a form of discretion. Act No. 30 of 2014 on Public Administration as an umbrella for administrative law in Indonesia is not set policy rules. This paper will review the policy rules concept to be introduced into the reform of Public Administration Act. The reform of Public Administration Act will make the Act have the whole concept of discretion.</p>
PRINCIPAIS INFECÇÕES BACTERIANAS NA CRIAÇÃO DE PEIXES DE ÁGUA DOCE DO BRASIL – UMA REVISÃO
Authors: Leira Matheus Hernandes , De Assis Lago Aline , Botelho Hortência Aparecida , Melo Carlos Cincinato Veira , Mendonça Felipe Gabarra , Nascimento Ariane Flávia do , Freitas Rilke Tadeu Fonseca de 
Published: July 2017

Com o aumento da produção de tilápias em sistemas superintensivos, o número de casos de doenças bacterianas nesses peixes vem aumentando significativamente. O produtor acaba não encontrando meios de detecção e diagnósticos precisos para as doenças que acarretam na mortalidade de praticamente toda a produção. O uso indiscriminado de antibióticos e outras drogas têm selecionado espécies mais resistentes de microorganismos e o número de pesquisas sobre vacinas tem apresentado um crescimento significativo nos últimos anos, porém sem grandes sucessos. O manejo e a seleção de espécies de peixes mais resistentes vêm sendo usada como uma boa forma de prevenção de doenças bacterianas. Esta revisão objetivou-se em descrever sobre as principais bactérias encontradas peixes de agua doce no Brasil, mostrando suas principais características e estudos realizados.
Evaluation of the association between a single-nucleotide polymorphism of bone morphogenetic proteins 5 gene and risk of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Sharma AC , Srivastava RN , Srivastava SR , Agrahari A , Singh A , Parmar D 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative disorder probably affected by both genetic and environmental causes. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are bone-derived factors that can induce new bone formation. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of BMP5 gene alters the transcriptional activity of the BMP5 promoter that has been involved in OA susceptibility. This case–control study investigated the association of rs1470527 and rs9382564 SNP of BMP5 gene with susceptibility to knee OA (KOA).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 499 cases with radiographic KOA and 458 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled. Venous blood samples were obtained from all the cases as well as controls for polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism.

Results:
The genotype distribution for rs1470527 and rs9382564 SNP was significantly different in cases and controls (P < 0.0001). Within both the SNPs of BMP5 gene, genotype CT and TT were significantly (P < 0.0001) associated with KOA as compared to the CC genotype. T allele of both the studied SNP was significantly associated with KOA (P < 0.0001). The allele frequencies of rs1470527 were 0.56(T) and 0.44(C) in cases and 0.33(T) and 0.67(C) in controls and in rs9382564 were 0.57(C) and 0.43(T) in cases and 0.71(C) and 0.29(T) in controls. Further in relation with clinical severity of OA, we observed signification association of TT genotype with both visual analog scale (P < 0.0001) and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities score (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Our results indicate significant association of rs1470527 and rs9382564 polymorphism of BMP5 gene with KOA.
Psychiatric disorders and obesity
Authors: Rajan TM , Menon V 
Published: July 2017

Background:
Inconsistent evidence exists regarding the strength, direction, and moderators in the relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders.

Aim:
This study aims to summarize the evidence on the association between psychiatric illness and obesity with particular attention to the strength and direction of association and also the possible moderators in each postulated link.

Materials and Methods:
Systematic electronic searches of MEDLINE through PubMed, ScienceDirect, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar were carried out from inception till October 2016. Generated abstracts were screened for eligibility to be included in the review. Study designs that evaluated the strength of relationship between obesity and psychiatric disorders were included in the study. Quality assessment of included studies was done using the Newcastle–Ottawa checklist tool.

Results:
From a total of 2424 search results, 21 eligible articles were identified and reviewed. These included studies on obesity and depression (n = 15), obesity and anxiety (four) and one each on obesity and personality disorders, eating disorder (ED), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and alcohol use. Maximal evidence existed for the association between depression and obesity with longitudinal studies demonstrating a bidirectional link between the two conditions. The odds ratios (ORs) were similar for developing depression in obesity (OR: 1.21–5.8) and vice versa (OR: 1.18–3.76) with a stronger association observed in women. For anxiety disorders, evidence was mostly cross-sectional, and associations were of modest magnitude (OR: 1.27–1.40). Among other disorders, obesity, and EDs appear to have a close link (OR: 4.5). Alcohol use appears to be a risk factor for obesity and not vice versa but only among women (OR: 3.84).

Conclusion:
Obesity and depression have a significant and bidirectional association. Evidence is modest for anxiety disorders and inadequate for other psychiatric conditions. Gender appears to be an important mediator in these relationships.