bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Piracy, politics and control: The paradox of Tanzania’s Kiswahili video film tax stamps
Authors: Shule Vicensia 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The growth of the Kiswahili video film industry in Tanzania has generally been hit hard by piracy and copyright infringements. As a result, the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA), a state agency charged with the responsibility of tax collection, stepped in and introduced tax stamps in 2013 to minimize the problem of piracy and foster censorship as part of efforts aimed at formalizing the local video film industry. This article examines the enforcement of this regulatory measure. Specifically, it looks at the background to the problem, the execution process, and the politics inherent in the enforcement of the anti-piracy initiative. Using the crime pattern theory, the article analyses the piracy occurrence in the video film industry and the attendant mitigation measures. It looks at the genesis of tax stamps in relation to piracy and censorship and interrogates the legitimacy of the process as well as its purported intention in relation to quality control and improvement. Its major thrust is to establish whether tax stamps can regulate piracy, increase artists’ income, formalize the sector and broaden the tax base – or whether the measure is just a political gimmick in response to politically-charged statements and manoeuvres.
Začínající učitelé a drop-out
Authors: Píšová Michaela , Hanušová Světlana 
Published: May 2017

AbstraktJedním z faktorů ovlivňujících kvalitu vzdělávání je nedostatek učitelů, způsobený mj. vzrůstající mírou odchodů učitelů z profese, tzv. drop-outem. Nejohroženější profesní skupinou jsou přitom učitelé - novicové. Text nabízí literární přehled studií drop-outu začínajících učitelů v různých kulturních rámcích. Analýza studií byla zaměřena (1) na míru drop-outu začínajících učitelů a (2) na faktory, které drop-out způsobují, a to zejména na kontextuální proměnné – tzv. objektivní determinanty profesní dráhy v učitelství. Výsledky mohou být informativní pro českou odbornou veřejnost, pedagogický výzkum i vzdělávací politiku, které zatím drop-outu příliš pozornosti nevěnují. Cílem článku je proto iniciovat odbornou diskusi a výzkum k problematice drop-outu začínajících učitelů u nás. Klíčová slova: literární přehled, učitelé a drop-out, začínající učitel, míra drop-outu, exogenní příčiny drop-outu / objektivní determinanty
Evaluating the Reliability of Groove Turning for Piston Rings in Combustion Engines with the Use of Neural Networks
Authors: Lisiak Paweł , Rojek Izabela , Twardowski Paweł 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
The article describes a method of evaluating the reliability of groove turning for piston rings in combustion engines. Parameters representing the roughness of a machined surface, Ra and Rz, were selected for use in evaluation. At present, evaluation of surface roughness is performed manually by operators and recorded on measurement sheets. The authors studied a method for evaluation of the surface roughness parameters Ra and Rz using multi-layered perceptron with error back-propagation (MLP) and Kohonen neural networks. Many neural network models were developed, and the best of them were chosen on the basis of the effectiveness of measurement evaluation. Experiments were carried out on real data from a production company, obtained from several machine tools. In this way it becomes possible to assess machines in terms of the reliability evaluation of turning.
BRAF-activated non-protein coding RNA (BANCR) advances the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma via cell cycle
Authors: Yang Chunxia , Wang Yue , Chen Fangjun , Hou Yongzhong , Jin Jianhua , Liu Qian 
Published: May 2017

AbstractEsophageal carcinoma is one of the important lethal tumors in the world, but the mechanism of esophageal cancer progression is still unclear. The long non-coding RNAs are known to regulate tumor progression. Here we report that BRAF-activated nonprotein coding RNA (BANCR) is associated with the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The expression levels ofBANCRin 132 ESCC tumor tissues detected by quantitative real-time PCR were significantly higher than that in the adjacent normal tissues. The expression level ofBANCRwas down-regulated by transfecting small interrupting RNA againstBANCR(BANCRsiRNA) in Eca109 cells. Eca109 and TE-1 cells transfected withBANCRsiRNA led to the delayed cell cycles compared to the cells transfected with negative control siRNA. Moreover, MTT assays demonstrated that Eca109 cells transfected withBANCRsiRNA resulted in the inhibition of cell proliferation. These results suggested thatBANCRadvances the development and progression of ESCC cells through regulating their cell cycles.
Differential modulation of innate immune response by epinephrine and estradiol
Authors: Margaryan Sona , Hyusyan Armenuhi , Martirosyan Anush , Sargsian Shushan , Manukyan Gayane 
Published: May 2017

Abstract

Background
Although it is widely accepted that catecholamines and estrogens influence immunity and have consequences for health, their effect on innate immunity (e.g. monocytes and neutrophils) is still not fully investigated.

Materials and methods
Our study aimed to analyze the production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and IL-8 by whole blood cells following short-term exposure to epinephrine (Epi) and 17β-estradiol (E2) in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also evaluated the in vitro effect of these hormones on expression of β2 integrin (CD11b/CD18) and L-selectin (CD62L) by circulating neutrophils and monocytes in the blood of healthy subjects.

Results
Epi has shown a potential to modulate the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Its exposure resulted in significantly increased production of IL-8 in a dose-dependent manner. On the contrary, a dose-dependent suppression of LPS-induced production of IL-1β, IL-8, and MCP-1 by Epi was observed. In neutrophils, a modest rise in CD11b expression was observed after Epi exposure. Simultaneously, Epi suppressed LPS-induced expression of CD11b and CD18. In monocytes, Epi suppressed LPS-induced expression of C11b. E2 inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α production and caused a significant decrease in CD62L expression in both cell populations. No significant changes were observed after double exposure of cells with Epi and E2.

Conclusions
Thus, our results show that Epi and E2 differentially modulate the innate immune response and have a dual effect on cytokine modulation. The findings suggest that the observed immunoregulatory role of Epi and E2 may influence the outcome in endotoxin responses and can be critical in the regulation of inflammatory responses.
Privados y encantadores en la literatura artúrica castellana del siglo XV: reinterpretando el Baladro del sabio Merlín en el otoño de la Edad Media
Authors: Gutiérrez García Santiago 
Published: May 2017

ResumenLos textos ibéricos de la materia de Bretaña son el resultado de un largo proceso de reinterpretación y reescritura que se inicia en la Francia de mediados del siglo XIII y que alcanza los albores del Renacimiento. A la luz de las teorías de la recepción, se analizan algunas claves reinterpretativas de las dos ediciones del
Three-Dimensional Flow Problems in a Lid-Driven Cubical Cavity with a Circular Cylinder
Authors: Hammami Faycel , Souayeh Basma , Ben-Beya Brahim 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Three-dimensional numerical simulations were conducted for lid-driven cavity phenomena around an inner circular cylinder positioned in the center of a cubic enclosure in the Reynolds number range of (100≤Re≤2000) at the Prandtl number of Pr=0.71. The numerical method is based on the finite volume method (FVM) and multigrid acceleration. In this study, the transition of the flow regime from steady state to the unsteady state and consequent three-dimensionality in the system induced by the increase of Reynolds number to (Re=1798) were investigated. By increasing further Reynolds number over the critical value, the flow in the cavity exhibits a complex behavior. Typical distributions of the transverse velocity contours and kinetic energy fields at (Re=2000) have been obtained.
The Mobility of Suffering: Cosmopolitan Ethics in debbie tucker green’s Plays
Authors: Riedelsheimer Martin , Stöckl Korbinian 
Published: May 2017

Abstractdebbie tucker green’s theatre can be seen as a reaction to the state of heightened mobility in a globalised world in which social problems can no longer be contained locally but inevitably register globally and vice versa. Her plays that move remote suffering to the centre of attention qualify as cosmopolitan for two reasons: Not only do they address such suffering by making use of globally diverse settings, but they also express cosmopolitanism’s belief in an undeniable responsibility for the other that connects all humankind. The plays make a cosmopolitan ethical appeal by facilitating an immediate affective accessibility of faraway suffering with an aesthetic strategy that can be described as ‘universalisation through familiarisation’: Devices such as cross-racial casting or the use of universally familiar constellations like the family are used to lend mobility to the abstract hardships of remote others, allowing them to intrude into the familiar world of the audience’s concrete experience. Implicitly, this entails the demand to accept responsibility for and, eventually, take action against global suffering, which is the core of any cosmopolitan ethics.
Models of Negligence – The Debate in Israel’s Supreme Court
Authors: Gilead Israel 
Published: May 2017

AbstractA model of negligence in common law jurisdictions is a conceptual structure that basically seeks to align the three legal concepts used by courts to administer negligence law with the three substantive elements that constitute, justify and limit negligence liability. The three legal concepts are carelessness, legal causation (assuming factual causation) and duty. The three substantive elements are undesirable conduct, a sufficient link between this conduct and harm, and the desirability of liability. Another major task of a model of negligence is to explain the role and meaning of the foreseeability requirement in each concept and element of liability. The traditional model of negligence, identified with the sequence duty-breach-causation, is characterised by the double role that is assigns to the duty concept. This concept is aligned both with the element of undesirable conduct (conduct is undesirable only when breaching a pre-existing duty), and with the element of desirable liability (liability is desirable only where policy considerations justify a finding of a duty to compensate). Being a servant of two masters, the duty concept is the major source of the confusion and ambiguities that have plagued negligence law for generations. Against this background the traditional model was challenged in 2013 in Israel’s Supreme Court by a Justice who embraced an alternative model formerly suggested by the author. The essence of this new model is to align the duty concept only with the element of desirable liability, severing it from the element of undesirable conduct. Such change arguably disperses confusion and ambiguities, and clarifies the roles and meaning of the foreseeability requirement. In 2014, however, another Justice challenged the new model and called for the reinstatement of the traditional model in a different version. This paper explains why the new 2013 model is preferable to the traditional model in all relevant aspects. The analysis sheds new light on the notions of proximity, special relations, reliance, assumption of responsibility and prima-facie duty. The analysis also serves as a comparative perspective on fault-based liability in continental European jurisdictions.
The Effect of an Imagery Training Intervention on Self-confidence, Anxiety and Performance in Acrobatic Gymnastics – A Pilot Study
Authors: Marshall Elizabeth Ann , Gibson Ann-Marie 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
Acrobatic gymnastics is a unique sport due to the different mixes of gender, age and number of gymnasts working in each partnership, however psychological skills training within this domain is currently unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an imagery training intervention on acrobatic performance, self-confidence and anxiety in acrobatic gymnastics. Participants (n=19) completed the Sport Imagery Questionnaire and the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory 2 prior to performing their competition routine. They were then randomly assigned to a 4 week imagery training intervention (n=11) or control group (n=8). Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to examine changes in acrobatic performance, levels of self-confidence and anxiety. The imagery intervention significantly increased acrobats’ self-confidence, however imagery did not significantly reduce anxiety or improve acrobatic performance. Future research should consider adopting a longer intervention period to elicit a reduction in anxiety levels and an enhancement of acrobatic performance.
From Self-Attaching to Self-Emptying: An Investigation of Xuanzang’s Account of Self-Consciousness
Authors: Li Jingjing 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
In this paper, I investigate the account of self-consciousness provided by Chinese Yogācārins Xuanzang (602-664CE) and Kuiji (632-682CE). I will explain how they clarify the transition from selfattaching to self-emptying through the articulation of consciousness (vijñāna). Current scholarship often interprets the Yogācāra account of consciousness either as a science of mind or as a metaphysical idealism. Both interpretations are misleading, partly because they perpetuate various stereotypes about Buddhism, partly also because they overlook the religious goal of realizing in practice the wisdom of emptiness and the non-egoistic compassion. Against the status quo, I argue that through their account of self-consciousness, Xuanzang and Kuiji advocate what can be referred to as transcendental idealism that stresses the correlation between subjectivity and objectivity. Yogācārins thus neither nullify the existence of subjectivity nor formulate subjectivity as a higher entity. The transcendental idealism yields a Buddhist phenomenology that is similar to and also different from Edmund Husserl’s transcendental phenomenology. In what follows I will first characterize Husserl’s phenomenology as an approach to consciousness at two levels (the descriptive level and the explicative level). Then, I elicit the Buddhist phenomenology from Yogācāra philosophy that is not only descriptive and explicative but also prescriptive. This three-level architectonic of consciousness, while reaffirming the importance of agency, further justifies the role of religious rituals and moral practices for Yogācāra devotees.
Research on the method of information system risk state estimation based on clustering particle filter
Authors: Cui Jia , Hong Bei , Jiang Xuepeng , Chen Qinghua 
Published: May 2017

Abstract
With the purpose of reinforcing correlation analysis of risk assessment threat factors, a dynamic assessment method of safety risks based on particle filtering is proposed, which takes threat analysis as the core. Based on the risk assessment standards, the method selects threat indicates, applies a particle filtering algorithm to calculate influencing weight of threat indications, and confirms information system risk levels by combining with state estimation theory. In order to improve the calculating efficiency of the particle filtering algorithm, the k-means cluster algorithm is introduced to the particle filtering algorithm. By clustering all particles, the author regards centroid as the representative to operate, so as to reduce calculated amount. The empirical experience indicates that the method can embody the relation of mutual dependence and influence in risk elements reasonably. Under the circumstance of limited information, it provides the scientific basis on fabricating a risk management control strategy.
Moment-to-Moment BOLD Signal Variability Reflects Regional Changes in Neural Flexibility across the Lifespan
Authors: Nomi Jason S. , Bolt Taylor S. , Ezie C.E. Chiemeka , Uddin Lucina Q. , Heller Aaron S. 
Published: May 2017

Variability of neuronal responses is thought to underlie flexible and optimal brain function. Because previous work investigating BOLD signal variability has been conducted within task-based fMRI contexts on adults and older individuals, very little is currently known regarding regional changes in spontaneous BOLD signal variability in the human brain across the lifespan. The current study used resting-state fMRI data from a large sample of male and female human participants covering a wide age range (6–85 years) across two different fMRI acquisition parameters (TR = 0.645 and 1.4 s). Variability in brain regions including a key node of the salience network (anterior insula) increased linearly across the lifespan across datasets. In contrast, variability in most other large-scale networks decreased linearly over the lifespan. These results demonstrate unique lifespan trajectories of BOLD variability related to specific regions of the brain and add to a growing literature demonstrating the importance of identifying normative trajectories of functional brain maturation.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlthough brain signal variability has traditionally been considered a source of unwanted noise, recent work demonstrates that variability in brain signals during task performance is related to brain maturation in old age as well as individual differences in behavioral performance. The current results demonstrate that intrinsic fluctuations in resting-state variability exhibit unique maturation trajectories in specific brain regions and systems, particularly those supporting salience detection. These results have implications for investigations of brain development and aging, as well as interpretations of brain function underlying behavioral changes across the lifespan.
Anterolateral Entorhinal Cortex Volume Predicted by Altered Intra-Item Configural Processing
Authors: Yeung Lok-Kin , Olsen Rosanna K. , Bild-Enkin Hannah E.P. , D'Angelo Maria C. , Kacollja Arber , McQuiggan Douglas A. , Keshabyan Anna , Ryan Jennifer D. , Barense Morgan D. 
Published: May 2017

Recent functional imaging studies have proposed that the human entorhinal cortex (ERC) is subdivided into functionally distinct anterolateral (alERC) and posteromedial (pmERC) subregions. The alERC overlaps with regions that are affected earliest by Alzheimer's disease pathology, yet its cognitive function remains poorly understood. Previous human fMRI studies have focused on its role in object memory, but rodent studies on the putatively homologous lateral entorhinal cortex suggest that it also plays an important role in representing spatial properties of objects. To investigate the cognitive effects of human alERC volume differences, we developed an eye-tracking-based task to evaluate intra-item configural processing (i.e., processing the arrangement of an object's features) and used manual segmentation based on a recently developed protocol to delineate the alERC/pmERC and other medial temporal lobe (MTL) subregions. In a group of older adult men and women at varying stages of brain atrophy and cognitive decline, we found that intra-item configural processing, regardless of an object's novelty, was strongly predicted by alERC volume, but not by the volume of any other MTL subregion. These results provide the first evidence that the human alERC plays a role in supporting a distinct aspect of object processing, namely attending to the arrangement of an object's component features.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAlzheimer's disease pathology appears earliest in brain regions that overlap with the anterolateral entorhinal cortex (alERC). However, the cognitive role of the alERC is poorly understood. Previous human studies treat the alERC as an extension of the neighboring perirhinal cortex, supporting object memory. Animal studies suggest that the alERC may support the spatial properties of objects. In a group of older adult humans at the earliest stages of cognitive decline, we show here that alERC volume selectively predicted configural processing (attention to the spatial arrangement of an object's parts). This is the first study to demonstrate a cognitive role related to alERC volume in humans. This task can be adapted to serve as an early detection method for Alzheimer's disease pathology.
Estimates of Length-Based Estimates of length-based population parameters of the skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Andaman watersPopulation Parameters of the Skipjack Tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Andaman waters
Authors: Divakar Pradeep Hosahalli , Shirke Swapnil Shivdas , Kar Annada Bhusan 
Published: May 2017

The exploitation level of skipjack tuna, Katsuwonus pelamis in Andaman waters is meagre compared to its total landings in India. As the population parameters of this species has not been attempted in these waters, an attempt has been made in this paper to estimate the population parameters of K. pelamis based on the length frequency data collected from local fishing boats operating from Junglighat Fishing Harbour, Port Blair, Andaman Islands from January to December 2014. A total of 704 specimens ranging from 16.5 to 71.0 cm fork length were taken for analysis. The parameters L∞, K and t0 were 74.55 cm, 0.59/year and –0.21 respectively. The von Bertalanffy growth equation for K. pelamis is Lt = 74.6[1 – e–0.59(t+0.214255)]. The recruitment pattern was unimodal. The recruitment period was from July – October. The longevity of the species was calculated as 4.9 years. After 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year the length attained by the species is 38.1, 54.4, 63.4 and 68.3 cm respectively. The mortality parameters were Z = 2.07, M = 0.93, F = 1.14 and exploitation ratio was 0.55. The virtual population analysis (VPA) for K. pelamis indicated that fishing mortality starts at 41–50 cm class interval and it continues henceforth and was maximum at 61–70 cm and decreased thereafter.
"Art Is Energy": Barbara Hammer Speaks with Sarah Keller about the State of Experimental Cinema after Maya Deren
Authors: Hammer Barbara 
Published: May 2017

No abstract availableThis article was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 3 (2013), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
Dancing Bodies, Moving Images: An Exhibition of Installed Works at Summer Dancing, Coventry, UK, June 2012
Authors: Barzey Andrea , Hudson Polly 
Published: May 2017

No abstract availableThis review essay was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 3 (2013), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.
Seeing (Oneself) Looking Into the Camera: An Interview with Narcisa Hirsch
Authors: Torres Alejandra 
Published: May 2017

No abstract availableThis article was originally published by Parallel Press, an imprint of the University of Wisconsin-Madison Libraries, as part of The International Journal of Screendance, Volume 3 (2013), Parallel Press. It is made available here with the kind permission of Parallel Press.