bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of In-Season Strength Training on Physical Fitness and Injury Prevention in North African Elite Young Female Soccer Players
Authors: Darragi Manel , Zouhal Hassane , Bousselmi Mariem , Karamti Houssem M. , Clark Cain C. T. , Laher Ismail , Hackney Anthony C. , Granacher Urs , Zouita Amira B. M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Strength training (ST) primarily enhances physical fitness (e.g., muscle strength, power, speed) and bone density in female soccer players. Less information is available on the injury preventive effects of ST in female athletes. Accordingly, this study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week in-season ST on measures of physical fitness and injury occurrence in young elite female soccer players.

Methods
Thirty elite female soccer players (15.4 ± 1.9 years; maturity offset + 2.3 ± 1.1 years) participated in this study, and were randomly assigned to a strength training group (STG, n = 14) or an active control (CG, n = 16) group. ST lasted twelve weeks and included full body muscle strengthening exercises using primarily weight machines at progressive intensities ranging between 40 and 85% of the one-repetition-maximum (1-RM). The CG practiced a traditional soccer training program. Overall, training volumes of the two groups were similar with a training load (rating of perceived exertion × time) of 1158.4 ± 67.7 arbitrary unity (AU) for the STG and 1188.8 ± 44.1 AU for the CG. Pre and post training, the following physical fitness tests were applied: dynamic muscle strength (relative [to body mass] and absolute 1-RM bench/leg press, lat-pull down), jump performance (countermovement jump [CMJ], squat jump [SJ], five-jump-test [5JT]), linear-sprint speed (5-m, 10-m, 30-m), change-of-direction speed (T-test with and without ball), sport-specific performance (Yo-Yo Intermittent Level1 [YYIRTL1], and repeated shuttle sprint ability [RSSA]). The injury rate per 1000-h exposure was monitored throughout the soccer season.

Results
No significant baseline differences were observed between groups. Statistically significant group-by-time interactions were found for absolute (p < 0.001, d = 2.59) and relative 1-RM bench press (p < 0.001, d = 2.39), absolute 1-RM lat-pull down (p < 0.001, d = 1.68), and relative 1-RM leg press (p < 0.001, d = 1.72). Significant group-by-time interactions were observed for CMJ (p = 0.005, d = 1.27), RSSAmean (p = 0.007, d = 0.81), and RSSAtotal (p < 0.001, d = 1.90). Post-hoc tests indicated that the STG group demonstrated greater improvements in all tested variables compared to CG (1.2 < d < 2.5). However, no significant interaction effects were noted for measures of linear sprint speed and YYIRTL1 performance. Additionally, non-contact injuries during the season were significantly lower (p = 0.003, d = 1.31) in the STG (0.48/1000 h of exposure) than the CG (2.62/1000 h of exposure).

Conclusions
Twelve weeks of an in-season ST resulted in larger physical fitness improvements and fewer injuries compared with an active control in elite young female soccer players. Accordingly, ST should be systematically applied in female soccer to enhance performance and prevent injuries.
Combination of arsenic trioxide and apatinib synergistically inhibits small cell lung cancer by down-regulating VEGFR2/mTOR and Akt/c-Myc signaling pathway via GRB10
Authors: Yu Yao , Shang Yu , Shi Si , He Yaowu , Shi Wenchao , Wang Menghan , Wang Qi , Xu Dandan , Shi Ce , Chen Hong 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is characterized by -poor prognosis, -high predilection for -metastasis, -proliferation, and -absence of newer therapeutic options. Elucidation of newer pathways characterizing the disease may allow for development of targeted therapies and consequently favorable outcomes.

Methods
The current study explored the combinatorial action of arsenic trioxide (ATO) and apatinib (APA) in vitro and in vivo. In vitro models were tested using -H446 and -H196 SCLC cell lines. The ability of drugs to reduce -metastasis, -cell proliferation, and -migration were assessed. Using bioinformatic analysis, differentially expressed genes were determined. Gene regulation was assessed using gene knock down models and confirmed using Western blots. The in vivo models were used to confirm the resolution of pathognomic features in the presence of the drugs. Growth factor receptor bound protein (GRB) 10 expression levels of human small cell lung cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by IHC.

Results
In combination, ATO and APA were found to significantly reduce -cell proliferation, -migration, and -metastasis in both the cell lines. Cell proliferation was found to be inhibited by activation of Caspase-3, -7 pathway. In the presence of drugs, it was found that expression of GRB10 was stabilized. The silencing of GRB10 was found to negatively regulate the VEGFR2/Akt/mTOR and Akt/GSK-3β/c-Myc signaling pathway. Concurrently, absence of metastasis and reduction of tumor volume were confirmed in vivo. The immunohistochemical results confirmed that the expression level of GRB10 in adjacent tissues was significantly higher than that in human small cell lung cancer tissues.

Conclusions
Synergistically, ATO and APA have a more significant impact on inhibiting cell proliferation than each drug independently. ATO and APA may be mediating its action through the stabilization of GRB10 thus acting as a tumor suppressor. We thus, preliminarily report the impact of GRB10 stability as a target for SCLC treatment.
Microscopic alterations and adaptation in the lungs of the Japanese quail exposed to acute or chronic heat stress
Authors: Abdulkadir Abdurrahman , Reddy Deran 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Global warming causes heat stress, a significant bioclimatic factor affecting poultry welfare. The effects of heat stress on the morphology of the Japanese quail lungs were investigated in this study. A total of 16 adult Japanese quail were randomly distributed into four groups: a control group (CT), acute heat stress (AH), chronic heat stress with 7 days (CH1) and chronic heat stress with 28 days exposure (CH2). The CT group were maintained at 25 °C temperature, the AH group were exposed to 38 °C temperature for 24 h, and the CH groups were exposed to 35 °C for seven and 28 days. At the end of exposure, the birds were euthanised, and lung tissues were collected and processed for microscopy. Tissue sections were stained using H&E stain, Gomori’s stain and immunofluorescence labelling.

Results
This study showed no significant difference in body weight, cloacal temperature, respiratory rate and lung parameters in heat-stressed groups compared with the control group. However, microscopic analyses revealed blood congestion, leakage of blood into the airway, inflammatory response and tissue breakage in the heat-stressed groups.

Conclusions
Heat stress harmed the lungs of the Japanese quail based on duration and intensity. The negative impact could cause instant mortality, but if the quail survives the initial impact, it can adapt to the heat stress with long-term consequences on its performance.
Building energy consumption analysis and measures: a case study from an administration building in Chengdu, China
Authors: Zhang Junye 
Published: September 2024

AbstractWith the peak of carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, China is placing greater emphasis on energy expenditure. Office buildings occupy a prominent position in building energy consumption, which is one of the main energy consumption areas. Taking an administration building in Chengdu as an example, this article simulates the building energy consumption based on Design Builder software, examines the variables influencing energy consumption, and suggests energy-saving strategies combined with fresh ideas for sustainable architectural design. The results showed that the modeling building was a high-energy-consuming building, with an energy consumption of 724,857.59 kWh, and a unit area energy consumption of 288.17 kWh/m2 in Chengdu. For energy conservation and emission reduction, this article proposes the following three energy-saving measures. The first is to apply heat recovery technology for air conditioning systems. The second is photovoltaic glass, which provides partial electricity demand for buildings and reduces dependence on traditional energy sources. The third is roof greening, which utilizes the plants to purify the air and beautify the environment. The results showed that the heat recovery technology in air conditioning systems reduced the total energy consumption of buildings from 642144.04 kWh/m2 to 502937.83 kWh/m2, photovoltaic glass reduced 552243.87 kWh/m2, and roof greening reduced to 635947.35 kWh/m2. All of these have good energy-saving and emission reduction effects. The above three strategies not only help reduce building energy consumption, but also provide substantial support for China to achieve carbon neutrality.
How do food safety technical working groups within a One Health framework work? Experiences from Vietnam and Ethiopia
Authors: Lâm Steven , Dang-Xuan Sinh , Bekele Meseret , Amenu Kebede , Alonso Silvia , Unger Fred , Nguyen-Viet Hung 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Persistent challenges of fragmented, food safety management in low- and middle-income countries underscore the need for more robustly coordinated mechanisms. National food safety technical working groups, operating under a One Health framework, offer potential in streamlining coordination efforts to effectively address these challenges. However, more clarity regarding their formation and functioning is important for understanding how to best establish and support such groups. The aim of this study is to systematically document the development process of established groups in Vietnam and Ethiopia.

Methods
We assess the process used to establish and support the technical working groups against six critical success factors for multisectoral collaboration: drive change, define, design, realise, relate, and capture success. To do so, we review meeting minutes, Terms of Reference, and other related publications.

Results
The analysis underscores the importance of financial and technical support by development partners in initiating working groups while also highlighting the challenge posed by the absence of legal frameworks to secure government commitment. Embedding the technical working groups within existing government structures – such as One Health platforms – from the outset could help to ensure the active participation and sustainability of such groups.

Conclusion
Both Vietnam and Ethiopia have established operational and institutionalized technical working groups to bolster national food safety efforts under a One Health framework. The approaches employed in these countries could serve as valuable models for others seeking to establish comparable multisectoral collaborative mechanisms to address emerging health risks.
Characterisation and tanning effects of purified chestnut and sulfited quebracho extracts
Authors: Conca Silvia , Gatto Vanessa , Samiolo Riccardo , Giovando Samuele , Cassani Andrea , Tarabra Elisa , Beghetto Valentina 
Published: September 2024

AbstractVegetable tannins are environmentally friendly tanning agents. However, they generally impart a dark colour to the tanned leather and highly contribute to the organic load in wastewaters. In this study, we employed a purification protocol separately on chestnut tannin (CT) and sulfited quebracho tannin (QT) to obtain the purified fractions (PCT and PQT). These samples were characterised by GPC, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FT-IR, and HPLC–DAD techniques and applied for tanning tests. Through the purification process, non-tannin components and smaller molecules such as gallic acid, glucopyranose, and catechin were effectively removed from CT and QT, which consequently led to the reduced moisture content, pH value, and lighter colour of purified fractions. The crust leathers processed with PCT and PQT showed desirable light shades. Moreover, the organic loads in PCT and PQT tanning wastewater were reduced by 13.5% and 19.1%, respectively, when compared to those in traditional CT and QT tanning wastewater. Additionally, the physical and mechanical characteristics of crust leathers processed with PCT and PQT were comparable to those processed with CT and QT. Thus, purification of vegetable tannins may serve as a feasible strategy for producing light-colored vegetable-tanned leather while minimizing organic pollutant discharge during the vegetable tanning process.
Graphical Abstract
A novel global grid model for soil moisture retrieval considering geographical disparity in spaceborne GNSS-R
Authors: Huang Liangke , Pan Anrong , Chen Fade , Guo Fei , Li Haojun , Liu Lilong 
Published: September 2024

AbstractSpaceborne global navigation satellite system-reflectometry has become an effective technique for Soil Moisture (SM) retrieval. However, the accuracy of global SM retrieval using a single model is limited due to the complexity of land surface. Introducing redundant ancillary data may also result in over-reliance problems. Therefore, we propose a method for SM retrieval that considers geographical disparities using the data from Cyclone GNSS (CYGNSS) observations and Soil Moisture Active and Passive (SMAP) product. Based on the CYGNSS effective reflectivity and ancillary datasets of SMAP, we establish five models for each grid with different parameters to achieve global SM retrieval. Subsequently, an optimal model, determined by the performance indicator, is used for SM retrieval. The results show that the root mean square error $$S_{\mathrm{RMSE}}$$

S
RMSE

with the improved method is decreased by 9.1% using SMAP SM as reference with the $$S_{\mathrm{RMSE}}$$

S
RMSE

= 0.040 cm3/cm3 compared with using single reflectivity-temperature-vegetation method. Additionally, using the in-situ SM of International Soil Moisture Network as reference, the overall correlation coefficient $$R$$
R
and $$S_{\mathrm{RMSE}}$$

S
RMSE

values with the improved method are 0.80 and 0.064 cm3/cm3, respectively. The average $$R$$
R
of the chosen sites is increased by 22.7%, and the average $$S_{\mathrm{RMSE}}$$

S
RMSE

is decreased by 8.7%. The results indicate that the improved method can better retrieve SM in both global and local scales without redundant auxiliary data.
LC.MS-based chemical profiling of Aristotle's lantern and viscera of the sea urchin Echinometra mathaei collected from the Red Sea and evaluation of their antiviral activity
Authors: Abdelaziz Yousra A. , Khallaf Iman S. A. , Alian Abdallah , Ibrahim Ahmed A. A. , Desoky Ezz-Eldin K. , Abdelkarem Fahd M. 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Background
Echinometra mathaei (family Echinometridae), is one of the sea urchins widely distributed on the Egyptian coasts in the Red Sea. This organism contains edible and non-edible parts. The present study was carried out to analyze and identify the metabolites present in the non-edible parts (Aristotle's lantern and viscera) using LC/MS. Also, the cytotoxic activity on Vero cell line and antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 were evaluated using MTT colorimetric assay.

Results
Chemical profiling of the crude extracts of Aristotle's lantern and viscera using LC/MS indicated the presence of 51 and 59 compounds, respectively. The main metabolites present in both non-edible parts were phospholipids, amino acids, peptides, fatty acids and glycerol derivatives. However, the characteristic difference was the presence of carotenoid pigments only in viscera. The crude extract of Aristotle's lantern and viscera showed no cytotoxic activity on Vero cell line and significant antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus with an IC50 value equal to 115.48 ± 1.20 and 122.4 ± 0.50 µg/mL, respectively.

Conclusions
In the present study, the crude extracts of the non-edible parts of E. mathaei were analyzed using LC.MS.MS.QTOF and indicated the existence of 110 chemical compounds, with significant antiviral activity against HSV-1 and no cytotoxic activity. The diversity of the identified compounds with two main categories of compounds, phospholipids and peptides, may contribute to the antiviral activity of Aristotle's lantern and viscera. Additionally, this research focused on clarification of nutritive, pharmaceutical and economic values of these parts. As future prospects, further studies are required to isolate the metabolites and assess the detailed mechanism of antiviral activity via in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies.
Decoding fermion mass pattern from mass hierarchy
Authors: Zhang Ying 
Published: September 2024

Abstract
Building an organized Yukawa structure of quarks and leptons is an essential mission to understand fermion mass hierarchy and flavor mixing in particle physics. Inspired by the similarity of CKM and PMNS mixings, a common mass pattern for up-type and down-type quarks, charged leptons, and Dirac neutrinos is realized in terms of hierarchal masses. An organized structure of Yukawa couplings can be expressed on a Yukawa basis. The CKM mixing and PMNS mixing have the same mathematical forms due to SO(2) family symmetry. By fitting the CKM/PMNS mixing experiment, the flat pattern becomes a successful flavor structure. The fundamental fermions can be explained by a new picture to show the relationship between gauge structure and flavor structure.
Mesenchymal Osr1+ cells regulate embryonic lymphatic vessel formation
Authors: Vallecillo-García Pedro , Kühnlein Mira Nicola , Orgeur Mickael , Hansmeier Nils Rouven , Kotsaris Georgios , Meisen Zarah Gertrud , Timmermann Bernd , Giesecke-Thiel Claudia , Hägerling René , Stricker Sigmar 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
The lymphatic system is formed during embryonic development by the commitment of specialized lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and their subsequent assembly in primary lymphatic vessels. Although lymphatic cells are in continuous contact with mesenchymal cells during development and in adult tissues, the role of mesenchymal cells in lymphatic vasculature development remains poorly characterized. Here, we show that a subpopulation of mesenchymal cells expressing the transcription factor Osr1 are in close association with migrating LECs and established lymphatic vessels in mice. Lineage tracing experiments revealed that Osr1+ cells precede LEC arrival during lymphatic vasculature assembly in the back of the embryo. Using Osr1-deficient embryos and functional in vitro assays, we show that Osr1 acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner controlling proliferation and early migration of LECs to peripheral tissues. Thereby, mesenchymal Osr1+ cells control, in a bimodal manner, the production of extracellular matrix scaffold components and signal ligands crucial for lymphatic vessel formation.
Fish mortality in the Amazonian drought of 2023: the role of experimental biology in our response to climate change
Authors: Braz-Mota Susana , Luis Val Adalberto 
Published: September 2024

ABSTRACT
Higher temperatures exacerbate drought conditions by increasing evaporation rates, reducing soil moisture and altering precipitation patterns. As global temperatures rise as a result of climate change, these effects intensify, leading to more frequent and severe droughts. This link between higher temperatures and drought is particularly evident in sensitive ecosystems like the Amazon rainforest, where reduced rainfall and higher evaporation rates result in significantly lower water levels, threatening biodiversity and human livelihoods. As an example, the serious drought experienced in the Amazon basin in 2023 resulted in a significant decline in fish populations. Elevated water temperatures, reaching up to 38°C, led to mass mortality events, because these temperatures surpass the thermal tolerance of many Amazonian fish species. We know this because our group has collected data on critical thermal maxima (CTmax) for various fish species over multiple years. Additionally, warmer waters can cause hypoxia, further exacerbating fish mortality. Thus, even Amazon fish species, which have relatively high thermal tolerance, are being impacted by climate change. The Amazon drought experienced in 2023 underscores the urgent need for climate action to mitigate the devastating effects on Amazonian biodiversity. The fact that we have been able to link fish mortality events to data on the thermal tolerance of fishes emphasizes the important role of experimental biology in elucidating the mechanisms behind these events, a link that we aim to highlight in this Perspective.
Επαναστάσεις, εξορία, φιλανθρωπία και οικουμενικότητα κατά τον 19ο αιώνα
Authors: Λεοντσίνη Μαρία-Κωνσταντίνα (Μαριτίνα) 
Published: September 2024

Στο άρθρο αυτό εξετάζεται η πρακτική της εκούσιας ή αναγκαστικής εξορίας ως αποτέλεσμα των ευρωπαϊκών επαναστάσεων του 1848. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, επιχειρείται μια σύντομη επισκόπηση της πρακτικής της εξορίας κατά τον 19ο αιώνα μέσα από τη μελέτη των περιπτώσεων δύο γυναικών που συνδέθηκαν με τα επαναστατικά κινήματα της περιόδου, της Marie Esperance Brandt von Schwartz (περισσότερο γνωστής με το συγγραφικό ψευδώνυμο Elpis Melena) και της Cristina Trivulzio di Belgiojoso, εντάσσοντάς τες στο πλαίσιο του «διεθνούς εθελοντισμού και πατριωτισμού». Η Schwartz υπήρξε υποστηρίκτρια των προσπαθειών των Ιταλών πατριωτών για την Ιταλική Ενοποίηση και στενή φίλη του Giuseppe Garibaldi. Ταξίδεψε στην Ιταλία και την Ελλάδα, επιδιδόμενη σε φιλανθρωπικό έργο, ενώ συνέδραμε και στον αγώνα των Κρητών κατά την εξέγερση του 1866-69. Η Belgiojoso αφιέρωσε τη δράση της στον αγώνα για την Ιταλική Ενοποίηση κατά τη διάρκεια τόσο των επαναστάσεων του 1830 όσο και του 1848, ενώ συνδέθηκε, λόγω του κοινού τους οράματος, με τον Giuseppe Mazzini. Εξαιτίας της δράσης της οδηγήθηκε δύο φορές στην εξορία, μεταβαίνοντας κατά τη δεκαετία του 1830 στο Παρίσι και κατά τη δεκαετία του 1850 στη Μικρά Ασία. Με το συγγραφικό της έργο συνέβαλε καθοριστικά στη διεθνή αναγνώριση τόσο του φαινομένου της εξορίας των Ιταλών πατριωτών όσο και στην ευρεία συνειδητοποίηση της αναγκαιότητας για απελευθέρωση και ενοποίηση της Ιταλίας. Το άρθρο τοποθετεί αυτές τις δύο γυναίκες μέσα στο κοινωνικοϊστορικό πλαίσιο της περιόδου και εξετάζει την εμπρόθετη δράση που ανέπτυξαν παρά τα εμπόδια που έθετε το φύλο τους.