bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influência do teor de umidade, da porosidade e do intervalo de tempo até a aplicação da mistura solo-cimento em pavimento rodoviário
Authors: Cancian Max Alberto , Cancian Victor Antonio , Teixeira Raquel Souza , Fontenele Heliana Barbosa , Da costa Branco Carlos José Marques 
Published: March 2017

Pretende neste trabalho avaliar a influência do teor de umidade, da porosidade e do intervalo de tempo até a aplicação, sobre a resistência à compressão simples (RCS) de misturas de solo-cimento. Foram realizadas três baterias de ensaios, usando misturas de solo-cimento compactadas, com 6 e 7 % de cimento. Na primeira bateria foi utilizada a umidade ótima (wótima) e energia Normal de Proctor, na segunda usou-se wótima + 1 % e energia Normal de Proctor e na terceira foi utilizada a wótima + 1 % e energia de compactação alterada, a fim de verificar a influência do teor de umidade. Para cada dosagem as compactações ocorreram em 10 intervalos de tempo até a aplicação, variando de 0 min a 6 h, com o intuito de verificar, no desempenho mecânico, a influência do intervalo de tempo até a aplicação do solo-cimento. Os resultados apon-taram que o aumento no intervalo de tempo até a aplicação diminui a RCS e este tempo é limitado para atingir a RCS mínima requerida de 21 kg/cm², variando conforme o teor de cimento, teor de umidade e energia de compactação. Quando a com-pactação se deu com wótima + 1 % foram obtidos maiores valores de RCS, para os mesmos tempos de aplicação. Em todas as dosagens verificou-se que quanto mais baixa a porosidade da mistura solo-cimento melhor foi o desempenho mecânico.
The relationship between teacher candidates’ listening skills and their interpersonal conflict management styles<p>Öğretmen adaylarının dinleme becerileri ile bireylerarası çatışmaları yönetme biçimleri arasındaki ilişki
Authors: Arslan Hüseyin , Elma Cevat , Kıroğlu Kasım 
Published: March 2017

Conflict as a phenomenon is one of the basic dynamics of life. It forms the basis of human relations and communication as an inescapable fact that people frequently face during any period of their life. In inter-personal relations, listening and conflict management tendencies may be described as major variables affecting the quality and type of the relationship. This study is to examine the relationship between teacher candidates’ listening skills and their conflict management styles. In this study, the data concerning teachers’ listening skills were obtained through “Listening Skill Scale” of Cihangir-Çankaya (2012) whereas data regarding their conflict management styles were obtained through “Interpersonal Conflict Management Styles Scale” that had been developed by the researchers. Both scales were used for 491 teacher candidates who were taking courses for pedagogical formation in Faculty of Education of Ondokuz Mayıs University during 2015-2016 academic year. In the consequence of the analyses made, a statistically significant relationship was found between teacher candidates’ listening skills and their choices about conflict management styles. A low-level negative relationship was determined between teacher candidates’ listening skills and their accommodating and forcing (competing) styles, while a mid-level positive relationship was found out between listening skills and their compromising and problem-solving (integration) styles. ÖzetÇatışma olgusu, yaşamın temel dinamiklerinden biridir. Yaşamın her kesitinde sürekli karşı karşıya bulunduğumuz ve kaçınamayacağımız bir gerçek olarak çatışma, insan ilişkilerinin ve iletişimin odağında yer alır. İletişimin olmazsa olmazı olarak dinleme ve çatışmayı yönetme eğilimleri bireyler arası ilişkilerde, ilişkinin niteliğini ve biçimini etkileyen ana değişkenler olarak nitelendirilebilir. Bu çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının dinleme becerileri ile çatışmayı yönetme biçimleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. Bu çalışmada öğretmen adaylarının dinleme becerilerine ilişkin veriler; Cihangir-Çankaya’nın (2012) “Dinleme Becerisi Ölçeği”, çatışmayı yönetme biçimlerine ilişkin tercihleri ise araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen “Bireyler Arası Çatışmaları Yönetme Biçimleri Ölçeği” kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Her iki ölçek, 2015-2016 öğretim yılında Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde pedagojik formasyon eğitimi alan 491 öğretmen adayına uygulanmıştır. Yapılan analizler sonucunda; öğretmen adaylarının dinleme becerileri ile çatışmaları yönetme biçimlerine ilişkin tercihleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının dinleme becerileri ile çatışmayı yönetme biçimlerinden uyum ve hükmetme arasında negatif yönde düşük, uzlaşma ve sorun çözme (tümleştirme) biçimleri arasında ise pozitif yönde orta düzeyde ilişki bulunmuştur.
Doxa of Shareholders and Owners: On the Threshold of Financialization
Authors: Jonnergård Karin , Larsson-Olaison Ulf 
Published: March 2017

AbstractFollowing financialization, there has emerged an understanding of what it implies to be a shareholder based on the shareholder value perception. However, as this shareholder value perception spreads internationally, it clashes with traditional perceptions. In this paper, we apply the language developed by Bourdieu to a Swedish public debate on equal treatment of shareholders in connection with the reform of the Swedish market for corporate control. Using Bourdieu’s conceptual framework, we describe how a global development interacts with the persistence of national practices. We conclude that in Sweden, local institutional investors have allied themselves with international institutional investors to enhance their positions in the restricted field of Swedish corporate control. Shareholder value is then used by these local actors as an argument to strengthen their position. At the same time, some of the controlling shareholders depart from their traditional position as industrial entrepreneurs and embrace a more financial approach to ownership, thereby altering both the power constellations and the capital, in Bourdieu’s sense, of the field.
A Markov-switching regression model with non-Gaussian innovations: estimation and testing
Authors: De Angelis Luca , Viroli Cinzia 
Published: March 2017

AbstractIn this paper we propose a very general multivariate Markov-switching regression (MSR) model considering the normal inverse Gaussian (NIG) distribution as conditional form of financial returns and model innovations. It is indeed well-known that the Gaussian distribution is not able to capture many stylized facts of the return series such as skewness, excess kurtosis and heavy tails. Through a large simulation study and an empirical analysis of the US stock market, we show that a NIG-based MSR model allows to adequately account for both skewness and fat tails in the data and, according to model selection criteria, is the best overall model in the majority of the cases considered, even preferred over other popular distributional assumptions such as Student-
Highly active and stable protease production by an extreme halophilic archaeon Haloarcula sp. TG1 isolated from Lake Tuz, Turkey
Authors: Abanoz Büşra , Okay Sezer , Kurt-Kızıldoğan Aslıhan 
Published: March 2017

Abstract

Objective
Isolation of halophilic microorganisms from Çankırı salt mine and Lake Tuz in Turkey to explore versatile protease producers for industry and characterization of protease enzyme from the best protease producer among the isolated strains.

Methods
Extreme halophiles were isolated from salt samples of Çankırı salt mine and Lake Tuz. Their protease activities were determined. The isolate with the highest protease activity was characterized. Its protease activity was evaluated in different NaCl concentrations, temperature and pH ranges, and in the presence of different inhibitors and metals. Thermostability and pH stability were also determined.

Results
The highest protease producer strain was identified as Haloarcula sp. on the basis of 16S rRNA analysis. The isolate namely, Haloarcula sp. TG1, was found to be 99% identical to Haloarcula salaria strain HST01-2R. The TG1 protease was found to possess very high activity and stability over a broad pH and temperature ranges. Its maximum activity was recorded at pH: 4.0, 50°C and 4 M NaCl. Among inhibitors tested, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethanol caused the highest decrease (ca. 25%) in its activity.

Conclusion
Due to the high activity and stability over a wide range of extreme conditions, Haloarcula sp. TG1 protease reported here is a promising candidate in biotechnology.
Chordae Tendineae Rupture in the United States: Trends of Outcomes, Costs and Surgical Interventions
Authors: Dolmatova Elena V. , Moazzami Kasra , Maher James , Klapholz Marc , Sambol Justin , Waller Alfonso H. 
Published: March 2017

Objectives: To describe national trends in the incidence and outcomes of patients with chordae tendineae rupture (CTR).Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with CTR between 2000 and 2012 were identified in National (Nationwide) Inpatient Sample (NIS) registry. CTR was defined using validated International Classification of Diseases, 9th Edition, Clinical Modification diagnosis (ICD9-CM) codes. Results: A total of 37,287 (14,833 mitral valve repair, 7780 mitral valve replacement) CTR cases were identified. Overall, in-hospital mortality in CTR decreased by 3% from 2000 to 2012 (P < 0.001). From 2000 to 2012, the rate of mitral valve repair increased from 27.2% to 46.4%, (P < 0.001) with a concurrent decrease in the rate of mitral valve replacement (from 27.8 to 17.7%, P < 0.001). After multivariate adjustment, patient age (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.03-1.06, P < 0.001), congestive heart failure (CHF) (OR = 2.08, 95% CI 1.19-3.64, P = 0.01), myocardial infarction (MI) (OR = 3.58, 95% CI 2.10-6.11, P < 0.001), Deyo/Charlson comorbidity index (OR = 1.23, 95% CI 1.07-1.41, P < 0.003) and use of the intra aortic balloon pump (IABP) (OR = 4.81 95% CI 2.71-8.55, P < 0.001) were found to be independently associated with greater odds of mortality in these patients. Additionally, mitral valve replacement was significantly associated with higher costs of hospitalization (coefficient 15693, 95% CI 12638-18749, P < 0.001)Conclusion: Mitral valve repair is associated with reduced inpatient mortality and costs compared with mitral valve replacement. A substantial increase in the percentage of cases undergoing mitral valve repair with a concurrent decrease in cases undergoing mitral valve replacement were observed. Increasing age and comorbidity index, history of CHF and MI, and use of IABP were identified as factors that could increase the risk of mortality in patients with CTR.
Injury Region and Risk of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Among Pediatric Trauma Patients
Authors: Cutler Gretchen J. , Kharbanda Anupam B. , Nowak Jeffrey , Ortega Henry W. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVE:To describe the relationship between injury region and risk of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in pediatric trauma patients.METHODS:Analyses included patients &lt;19 years of age from the National Trauma Data Bank, during 2009–2011. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between injury region and odds of developing HAP stratified by age group.RESULTS:A total of 71 377 patients were eligible for analysis, and 1818 patients developed pneumonia. In adjusted regression models both younger (11–15 years) and older (16–18 years) adolescents with multisite injuries including the head and neck had higher odds of developing HAP compared with adolescents with isolated head and neck injuries (odds ratio [OR] = 2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.34–3.10; OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.14–1.89, respectively), and younger adolescents with multisite injuries not involving the head and neck also had higher odds of developing HAP (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.08–3.60). We found no significant association between injury region and risk of HAP in children &lt;11 years of age. Younger and older adolescents with firearm (OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.00–3.42; OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.02–1.88, respectively) or pulmonary (OR = 3.78, 95% CI 1.26–11.3; OR = 2.56, 95% CI 1.01–6.51, respectively) injuries had higher odds of developing HAP compared with those with motor vehicle collision injuries.CONCLUSIONS:Adolescent trauma patients with multisite injuries including the head and neck have a higher risk of developing HAP compared with those with isolated head and neck injuries. We identified several risk factors that can be used to inform future research focused on identifying subgroups at high risk for the development of HAP.
Child and Adolescent Mental Health Repeat Visits to the Emergency Department: A Systematic Review
Authors: Leon Stephanie L. , Cloutier Paula , Polihronis Christine , Zemek Roger , Newton Amanda S. , Gray Clare , Cappelli Mario 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES:
Repeat visits represent up to 45% of mental health (MH) presentations to emergency departments (EDs) and are associated with higher health care costs. We aimed to synthesize available literature on predictors of pediatric MH repeat ED visits and differences between repeat visitors and nonrepeat visitors.

METHODS:
A systematic review was performed using PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. Reporting followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement checklist. Methodologic quality was assessed using the following 8 criteria: design, generalizability, breadth of predictors, reporting of effect sizes, additional outcomes, interaction terms, confounding variables, and clear definition of repeat visits.

RESULTS:
A total of 178 articles were retrieved; 11 articles met inclusion criteria. Quality assessment revealed that all studies used chart review or administrative data. Predictors were grouped into 3 categories: demographic, clinical, and MH care access and utilization factors. Common predictors associated with repeat ED MH visits included socioeconomic status, involvement with child protective services, and previous and current MH service use. For studies using a 6-month repeat window, the most common factors were previous psychiatric hospitalization and currently receiving MH services. Heterogeneity in statistical analyses and determinants explored precluded the use of meta-analysis.

CONCLUSIONS:
Findings revealed that repeat visits to the ED for MH concerns is a complex phenomenon that can be attributed to various demographic, clinical, and MH care access and utilization factors. To further elucidate the strongest predictors, future prospective research should consider prospective designs and include family factors. Investigating recency and frequency outcomes can also inform clinical practice.
Ordering Interruptions in a Tertiary Care Center: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Dadlez Nina M. , Azzarone Gabriella , Sinnett Mark J. , Resnick Micah , Ushay H. Michael , Adelman Jason S. , Broder Molly , Duh-Leong Carol , Huang Joyce , Kiely Victoria , Nadler Ariella , Nelson Vayola , Simcik Jared , Rinke Michael L. 
Published: March 2017

OBJECTIVES:
By self-report, interruptions may contribute to up to 80% of ordering errors. A greater understanding of the frequency and context of interruptions during ordering is needed to identify targets for intervention. We sought to characterize the epidemiology of interruptions during order placement in the pediatric inpatient setting.

METHODS:
This prospective observational study conducted 1-hour-long structured observations on morning rounds and afternoons and evenings in the resident workroom. The primary outcome was the number of interruptions per 100 orders placed by residents and physician assistants. We assessed the role of ordering provider, number, type and urgency of interruptions and person initiating interruption. Descriptive statistics, χ2, and run charts were used.

RESULTS:
Sixty-nine structured observations were conducted with a total of 414 orders included. The interruption rate was 65 interruptions per 100 orders during rounds, 55 per 100 orders in the afternoons and 56 per 100 orders in the evenings. The majority of interruptions were in-person (n = 144, 61%). Interruptions from overhead announcements occurred most often in the mornings, and phone interruptions occurred most often in the evenings (P = .002). Nurses initiated interruptions most frequently. Attending physicians and fellows were more likely to interrupt during rounds, and coresidents were more likely to interrupt in the evenings (P = .002).

CONCLUSIONS:
Residents and physician assistants are interrupted at a rate of 57 interruptions per 100 orders placed. This may contribute to ordering errors and worsen patient safety. Efforts should be made to decrease interruptions during the ordering process and track their effects on medication errors.
Keberadaan Vibrio parahaemolyticus Patogenik pada Udang Tambak yang Berasal dari Pantai Utara Jawa
Authors: Kusmarwati Arifah , Hermana Irma , Yennie Yusma , Wibowo Singgih 
Published: March 2017

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi cemaran Vibrio parahaemolyticus patogenik pada udang tambak. Pengambilan sampel udang segar vaname dari tambak dilakukan pada musim hujan dan musim kemarau di wilayah Pantai Utara Jawa dengan metode purposive random sampling. Sebanyak 103 sampel (masing-masing 33 sampel dari wilayah Jawa Barat, 14 sampel dari wilayah Jawa Tengah dan 56 sampel dari wilayah Jawa Timur) telah diestimasi kandungan V. parahaemolyticus total dan patogenik menggunakan metode kultivasi pada medium CHROMagarTM Vibrio (CV) dan metode polymerase chain reaction (PCR) melalui amplifikasi gen toxR untuk total V. parahaemolyticus, serta gen tdh dan trh untuk V. parahaemolyticus patogen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dari 103 sampel, 91 sampel bersifat tipikal pada medium CHROM agarTM Vibrio (CV). Selanjutnya dari 91 sampel tipikal tersebut, 62 (63,27%) sampel menunjukkan hasil positif untuk V. parahaemolyticus dengan metode PCR. Sementara dari 31 sampel positif V. parahaemolyticus yang berasal dari Jawa Timur ditemukan 2 sampel (3,23%) positif mengandung gen tdh, 1 sampel (1,61%) positif mengandung gen tdh dan trh, dan 1 sampel (1,61%) positif mengandung gen trh.
Does Gender Define Course Selection?
Authors: Dong Fei , Pechkina Anya 
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this project is to find correlations between the courses students take and their gender. Using these results, Earl Haig Secondary School (EHSS), along with other high schools, might get a more concrete idea of the trends in the academic interests of its students. It is commonly assumed that girls take more social (“soft”) sciences, and boys take more natural (“hard”) sciences. However, does this assumption hold up in the context of a modern high school located in a first world country, specifically, at EHSS? Our project will analyze data from individual students, using their gender and courses to find out which courses are male-dominated (more than 60% male), female-dominated (more than 60% female) or relatively gender-neutral. The results found that the stereotypes of males being interested in physical sciences and education, and females being interested in social sciences and arts are valid. However, the trends are slowly changing as some departments’ classes have started evening out the ratio between males and females.
Diving into Debt: A Study on Factors Related to Debt Risk Score in Toronto
Authors: Pamidimukkala Anupya , Dong Fei , Ip Jessica , Zeng Pamela 
Published: March 2017

This study aimed to find the correlations between data found regarding debt risk and the 140 neighbourhoods in Toronto, Ontario. Debt risk was compared with select variables from available data, including education, health, environment, housing, economics, demographics, transportation, recreation, and safety. The purpose of this study was to help civilians and the government identify possible factors that lead to higher debt risk, as well as find solutions to reduce it. The data was retrieved from Open Data Toronto. A simple linear regression model was built to determine the factors that have a seemingly great correlation with debt risk. It was concluded that the percentage of people who receive social assistance, the percentage of people who applied for rent banks, and the number of reported sexual assaults in a neighbourhood had a positive correlation with increased debt risk. The result is that an age-adjusted rate of people who received breast cancer screening had a negative correlation with increased debt risk. Through the results, several solutions could be proposed to reduce debt risk. More education on safety and health can enable citizens to become more responsible and aware of their financial state. Giving other forms of aid that are not monetary may be beneficial in helping people get out of debt and become more financially independent.
Comparison of psychological stress, depression and anxiety among medical and engineering students
Authors: Chenganakkattil Shabeer , K. Jibin Babu , Hyder Shafeen 
Published: March 2017

Background: Medical students encounter multiple emotions in transformation from insecure students to young knowledgeable physicians, leading to a growing concern about psychological distress in medical training. Torturous admission protocols, portions beyond horizons, new skills to be mastered, expectations of family members, competition and the uncertainty involved about the future comprise a few among the background stressors. The objective was to study stress, depression and anxiety in medical students in comparison with engineering students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted comparing perceived stress, depression and anxiety among 150 medical and 150 engineering students selected through randomized sampling. Perceived Stress Scale, Zung depression and Zung anxiety scales were administered to the selected students.Results: Seventy-two percentage of medical students perceived moderate and high levels of stress compared to 56.7% of engineering students in this study. Overall prevalence of depression was higher among medical students (20.6%) compared to engineering students (15.3%). Anxiety was also higher among medical students (19.4%) compared to engineering students (11.3%).Conclusions: Medical students perceived more stress when compared to engineering students. Rates of depression and anxiety were also higher among them. Stress interventional strategies need to be designed to improve the psychological wellbeing of the students and consequently improve the doctor patient relationship. This study suggests to promote stress management modalities early in the medical career.
Are South African Spaza Shops Use Marketing Communication Tools to Promote Their Businesses
Authors: MOSEKI Molete , SCHEERS Louise van 
Published: March 2017

<p>The aim of this conceptual research was to establish whether Soweto spaza shops use marketing communication tools to promote their businesses. This research undertook qualitative research method and exploratory research design and was essentially textual as numerous literatures were consulted.</p>The conducted research established that the top five most regularly used marketing communication methods are direct sales, ‘word-of-mouth’, point of sale materials; networking and newspaper advertisement. The least regularly used marketing communication methods are YouTube, television, direct mail, press releases and coupons/ vouchers. Therefore, the consulted references agreed that although limited marketing communication methods are used by spaza shop owners. The study concludes that South African spaza shops use marketing communication tools to promote their businesses.