bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In‐Situ Microfluidic Study of Biphasic Nanocrystal Ligand‐Exchange Reactions Using an Oscillatory Flow Reactor
Authors: Shen Yi , Abolhasani Milad , Chen Yue , Xie Lisi , Yang Lu , Coley Connor W. , Bawendi Moungi G. , Jensen Klavs F. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractOscillatory flow reactors provide a surface energy‐driven approach for automatically screening reaction conditions and studying reaction mechanisms of biphasic nanocrystal ligand‐exchange reactions. Sulfide and cysteine ligand‐exchange reactions with as‐synthesized CdSe quantum dots (QDs) are chosen as two model reactions. Different reaction variables including the new‐ligand‐to‐QD ratio, the size of the particles, and the original ligand type are examined systematically. Based on the in situ‐obtained UV/Vis absorption spectra during the reaction, we propose two different exchange pathways for the sulfide exchange reaction.
A Multivalent Structure‐Specific RNA Binder with Extremely Stable Target Binding but Reduced Interaction with Nonspecific RNAs
Authors: Lee Jeong Min , Hwang Ahreum , Choi Hyeongjoo , Jo Yongsang , Kim Bongsoo , Kang Taejoon , Jung Yongwon 
Published: October 2017

AbstractBy greatly enhancing binding affinities against target biomolecules, multivalent interactions provide an attractive strategy for biosensing. However, there is also a major concern for increased binding to nonspecific targets by multivalent binding. A range of charge‐engineered probes of a structure‐specific RNA binding protein PAZ as well as multivalent forms of these PAZ probes were constructed by using diverse multivalent avidin proteins (2‐mer, 4‐mer, and 24‐mer). Increased valency vastly enhanced the binding stability of PAZ to structured target RNA. Surprisingly, nonspecific RNA binding of multivalent PAZ can be reduced even below that of the PAZ monomer by controlling negative charges on both PAZ and multivalent avidin scaffolds. The optimized 24‐meric PAZ showed nearly irreversible binding to target RNA with negligible binding to nonspecific RNA, and this ultra‐specific 24‐meric PAZ probe allowed SERS detection of intact microRNAs at an attomolar level.
Impact of mycolic acid deficiency on cells of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC13869
Authors: Gao Yunfei , Hu Xiaoqing , Wang Jianli , Li Huazhong , Wang Xiaoyuan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractMycolic acid (MA) plays important role in Corynebacterium glutamicum, but the key enzymes in the biosynthetic pathway of MA in C. glutamicum ATCC13869 have not been characterized. Since the locus BBD29_RS14045 in C. glutamicum ATCC13869 shows high similarity to the gene Cgl2871, which encodes Pks13, the key enzyme for synthesizing MA in C. glutamicum ATCC13032, it was deleted, resulting in the mutant WG001. Compared with the wild‐type ATCC13869, MA was not synthesized in WG001, but more phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylinositol containing longer unsaturated fatty acids were produced. WG001 cells also show hindered cell growth and defective cell separation when compared with ATCC13869 cells. Transcriptomic analysis shows that many genes relevant to the pathways of fatty acids, inositol, phospholipids, cell wall, and cell division were significantly regulated in WG001 cells when compared with ATCC13869 cells. This study demonstrates that the locus BBD29_RS14045 encodes a key enzyme that plays important role for synthesizing MA in C. glutamicum ATCC13869.
Large‐scale purification of high purity α1‐antitrypsin from Cohn Fraction IV with virus inactivation by solvent/detergent and dry‐heat treatment
Authors: Huangfu Chaoji , Zhang Jinchao , Ma Yuyuan , Jia Junting , Li Jingxuan , Lv Maomin , Ma Xiaowei , Zhao Xiong , Zhang Jingang 
Published: October 2017

Abstractα1‐Antitrypsin (AAT) is widely used to treat patients with congenital AAT deficiency. Cohn Fraction IV (Cohn F IV) is normally discarded during the manufacturing process of albumin but contains approximately 33% of plasma AAT. We established a new process for large‐scale purification of AAT from it. liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization‐tandem mass spectrometry and high‐performance liquid chromatography were applied for qualitative identification and composition analysis, respectively. Stabilizers were optimized for AAT activity protection during lyophilization and dry‐heat. Virus inactivation by dry‐heat and solvent/detergent (S/D) was validated on a range of viruses. AAT with purity of 95.54%, specific activity of 3,938.5 IU/mg, and yield of 26.79%, was achieved. More than 95% activity was reserved after S/D. More than 96% activity was obtained after lyophilization or dry‐heat. After S/D, pseudorabies virus (PRV) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) were inactivated below detectable level within 1 H. Virus titer reductions of more than 5.50 log10 and 5.38 log10 were achieved for PRV and VSV, respectively. Porcine parvovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus were inactivated by 3.17 log10 and 5.88 log10 reduction after dry‐heat. The advantages of this process, including suitability for large‐scale production, high purity, better utilization of human plasma, viral safety, commercial and inexpensive chromatography medium, may facilitate its further application.
Synthesis and characterization of KCe(PO3)4 doped with some lanthanide activators
Authors: Bhonsule Sharmila U. , Wankhede Sangeeta P. , Moharil Sanjiv V. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractKCe(PO3)4 doped with Dy3+,Tb3+,Yb3+and Nd3+ phosphors were synthesized by a solid state diffusion method. The prepared samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction and photoluminescence. KCe(PO3)4 exhibits emission in ultraviolet (UV) region which indicates weak Ce3+–Ce3+ interaction. The Ce3+–Ce3+energy transfer is not efficient. In light of this, energy transfer from Ce3+ to other lanthanides like Dy3+, Tb3+,Yb3+ and Nd3+ is rather surprising.
Bifunctional Catalysis for the Conversion of Synthesis Gas to Olefins and Aromatics
Authors: Weber J. Lennart , Dugulan Iulian , de Jongh Petra E. , de Jong Krijn P. 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe conversion of synthesis gas (a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) to value‐added chemicals has attracted significant attention in the past few years. Strong emphasis has been placed on enabling a process that allows the production of short olefins from synthesis gas, which can be derived from coal, biomass, or natural gas. Here, we introduce bifunctional catalysis to tailor the selectivity towards aromatics next to olefins by combining an iron‐based Fischer–Tropsch to olefins catalyst with the acid function of a zeolite. Olefins were formed from synthesis gas on an iron‐based catalyst and partly converted to aromatics on the acid sites of the zeolite. Surprisingly, this aromatization did not follow the pathway of hydrogen transfer, whereby three paraffin molecules are produced for every aromatic molecule formed, which allowed us to obtain carbon selectivity towards chemicals (sum of lower olefins and aromatics) of 70–80 % at 1 bar reaction pressure. Increasing the partial pressure of hydrogen led to substantial hydrogenation of olefins towards paraffins.
Production of Higher Hydrocarbons from CO2 over Nanosized Iron Catalysts
Authors: Pour Ali Nakhaei , Housaindokht Mohammad Reza , Asil Ali Garmroodi 
Published: October 2017

AbstractThe effects of the particle size of a Fe/Cu/K catalyst on CO and CO2 hydrogenation reactions as well as the variation of crucial factors such as surface area and basicity, reduction, carburization, and catalytic behavior of precipitated Fe/Cu/K catalysts were evaluated. Hematite nanoparticle catalysts with various surface tensions were produced by homogeneous precipitation in alcohol/water solvents. The basicity of the K‐promoted iron catalyst was higher in iron catalysts with lower particle size. The increase in K‐basic sites at the surface of catalysts with smaller particle size was attributed to their higher surface areas. Elevation of catalyst basicity led to considerably stronger dissociative CO adsorption. Shifting the oxygen removal pattern to lower temperature was the consequence of faster nucleation of FeCx crystallites on promoted surface oxides. CO2 hydrogenation can occur in two distinct direct and indirect routes via the Fischer‐Tropsch mechanism.
Preparation of Pillar[5]arene‐Based [2]Rotaxanes by a Stopper‐Exchange Strategy
Authors: Nierengarten Iwona , Meichsner Eric , Holler Michel , Pieper Pauline , Deschenaux Robert , Delavaux‐Nicot Béatrice , Nierengarten Jean‐François 
Published: October 2017

AbstractA pillar[5]arene‐containing rotaxane building block bearing exchangeable stoppers has been prepared in multigram scale quantities with high yields from the reaction of 2,4‐dinitrophenol (DNP) with the inclusion complex resulting from the association of dodecanedioyl chloride with 1,4‐diethoxypillar[5]arene. Stopper exchange reactions have been achieved by treatment of the resulting DNP diester with various amines through an addition–elimination mechanism preventing the unthreading of the axle component during the reaction and thus preserving the [2]rotaxane structures. The resulting diamide [2]rotaxane derivatives have thus been obtained in good to excellent yields. Importantly, [2]rotaxanes difficult or impossible to prepare by direct introduction of the two stoppers in a single synthetic step are now easily available.
An Exfoliated 2D Egyptian Blue Nanosheet for Highly Selective Enrichment of Multi‐phosphorylated Peptides in Mass Spectrometric Analysis
Authors: Yang Shi‐Shu , Yu Hai‐Xia , Wang Zi‐Zhen , Liu Hai‐Long , Zhang Hao , Yu Xizhong , Shang Wenbin , Chen Gui‐Quan , Gu Zhi‐Yuan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractPhosphopeptide enrichment is essential for the phosphoprotein profiling, due to the low abundance in complex biological samples. Moreover, selective binding of multi‐phosphopeptides over mono‐phosphopeptides is rarely established, but strongly needed in real sample analysis, especially for the investigation of cell behaviors with the multisite phosphorylation cascades. Here two‐dimensional (2D) nanosheets were synthesized of Egyptian blue (CaCuSi4O10), the well‐known ancient pigment, and its analogues (SrCuSi4O10 and BaCuSi4O10), which were employed in the enrichment of phosphopeptides for the first time. Surprisingly, the 2D CaCuSi4O10 nanosheet was highly selective towards multi‐phosphopeptides without enriching the mono‐phosphorylated peptides in a wide range of acidic conditions or buffer compositions. Meanwhile, the SrCuSi4O10 and BaCuSi4O10 nanosheet analogues do not exhibit this unique selectivity. Moreover, the ultrathin and well‐defined 2D morphology, with abundant CaII, of Egyptian blue nanosheet was applied in cortical samples of forebrain specific PDK1 conditional knockout mice and their age‐matched littermate controls, that are associated with Alzheimer's disease. The as‐prepared 2D CaCuSi4O10 nanosheet not only showed specific selectivity, but also exhibited high sensitivity (detection limit of 4×10−7 m).
Construction of Large‐Area Uniform Graphdiyne Film for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: He Jianjiang , Bao Kaijing , Cui Weiwei , Yu Jiaojiao , Huang Changshui , Shen Xiangyan , Cui Zili , Wang Ning 
Published: October 2017

AbstractLarge‐area graphdiyne film is constructed by heat treatment, including thermally induced evaporation and a cross‐coupling reaction process. The growth mechanism is proposed based on the observation and characterization that the heating temperature plays an important role in the evaporation of oligomers and in triggering the thermal cross‐coupling reaction, whereas the heating duration mainly determines the execution of the thermal cross‐coupling reaction. By controlling the heat‐treatment process, a graphdiyne film with uniform morphology and good conductivity is obtained. The improved GDY film based electrodes deliver good interfacial contact and more lithium storage sites; thus leading to superior electrochemical performance. A reversible capacity of 901 mAh g−1 is achieved. Specifically, the electrodes exhibit excellent rate performance, with which a capacity of 430 mAh g−1 is maintained at a rate as high as 5 A g−1. These advantages mean that the uniform graphdiyne film is a good candidate for the fabrication of a flexible and high‐capacity electrode material.
High‐grade urothelial carcinoma in urine cytology with jet black and smooth or glassy chromatin
Authors: Renshaw Andrew A. , Gould Edwin W. 
Published: October 2017

BACKGROUNDSome high‐grade urothelial carcinomas (UCs) in urine cytology can have jet black, smooth, or glassy chromatin, but to the authors' knowledge, the incidence and criteria for diagnosis are not well described. The current study was performed to define the incidence and appearance of high‐grade UC in urine cytology in cytospin preparations with jet black and smooth or glassy chromatin.METHODSCytospin preparations from 331 cases with biopsy follow‐up (230 benign/low‐grade UCs and 101 malignant UCs) were reviewed.RESULTSCases with malignant cells with jet black and smooth or glassy chromatin were identified in a total of 60 cases (59.4% of all malignancies). These comprised 18 carcinoma in situ cases, 28 high‐grade papillary UCs, 8 invasive UCs, 3 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 adenocarcinomas, and 1 melanoma. Of the 93 high‐grade UCs, 51 (54.8%) had cells with either jet black and smooth or glassy chromatin. These cells were the only type of malignant cell in 6 of 101 cases (5.9%). All cases had at least 50 cells with jet black nuclei. Nuclei with jet black and smooth chromatin often were smaller than normal urothelial cells, often but not always elongate, had irregular nuclear outlines including pointed areas, and usually were accompanied by necrosis. Cells with glassy chromatin often were larger than normal urothelial cells, had rounder but still irregular nuclei, and also had frequent necrosis.CONCLUSIONSMalignant urothelial cells in urine cytology with jet black chromatin are common and can be diagnosed as “positive for malignancy” based on their irregular nuclear outline, increased cellularity (≥50 abnormal cells), and frequent necrosis. Cancer Cytopathol 2018;126:64‐8. © 2017 American Cancer Society.
Reliability challenge for impedance network‐based DC‐DC boost converters
Authors: Haji‐Esmaeili Mohammad Mehdi , Babaei Ebrahim 
Published: October 2017

SummaryIn this paper, reliability evaluation is proposed for some of the most famous impedance network‐based DC‐DC boost converters. Markov reliability approach is used to evaluate the reliability of the converters. Also, some other factors such as components' failure rates, reliability functions, and mean time to failures are introduced and evaluated. Detailed explanations for the evaluation methods of the mentioned factors are also provided in the context of the paper. In addition to the mathematical analysis, numerical calculations are also done through the simulation results of the converters. Simulations are done in PSCAD/EMTDC. Finally, a numerical and graphical reliability comparison is provided for the mentioned converters. The purpose of this paper is to give a comprehensive reliability evaluation and comparison for some of the most popular impedance network‐based DC‐DC converters. In addition, this paper gives a detailed reliability analysis that can be used in reliability assessment of all types of power electronic converters, so it can help the researchers to consider reliability calculations into their designing.
The influence of grasping habits and object orientation on motor planning in children and adults
Authors: Jovanovic Bianca , Schwarzer Gudrun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractWe investigated the influence of habitual grasp strategies and object orientation on motor planning in 3‐year‐olds and 4‐ to 5‐year‐old children and adults. Participants were required to rotate different vertically oriented objects around 180°. Usually, adults perform this task by grasping objects with an awkward grip (thumb and index finger pointing downward) at the beginning of the movement, in order to finish it with a comfortable hand position. This pattern corresponds to the well‐known end‐state comfort effect (ESC) in grasp planning. The presented objects were associated with different habitual grasp orientations that either corresponded with the grasp direction required to reach end‐state comfort (downward) or implied a contrary grasp orientation (upward). Additionally, they were presented either in their usual, canonical orientation (e.g., shovel with the blade oriented downward versus cup with its opening oriented upward) or upside down. As dependent variable we analyzed the number of grips conforming to the end‐state comfort principle (ESC score) realized in each object type and orientation condition. The number of grips conforming to ESC strongly increased with age. In addition, the extent to which end‐state comfort was considered was influenced by the actual orientation of the objects’ functional parts. Thus, in all age‐groups the ESC score was highest when the functional parts of the objects were oriented downward (shovel presented canonically with blade pointing downward, cup presented upside down) and corresponded to the hand orientation needed to realize ESC.
Using RAPD and ISSR Molecular Markers to Analyze the Genetic Diversity of Rose scented Pelargonium Populations
Authors: Yi Qing‐yuan , Yi Shao‐wen , Qin Tai‐feng , Li Cheng‐yun 
Published: October 2017

AbstractIn the field, the chemical constituents of the essential oil of Pelargonium graveolens cutting (diploid) and polyploid seedlings are the same, but the principal components of geraniol, geranyl formate, and linalool in polyploid plants are remarkably higher than those of cutting seedlings. The contents of citronellol, citronellyl formate, and rose oxide are significantly lower in polyploid seedlings than in cutting seedlings. ISSR and RAPD molecular markers were used to analyze P. graveolens in two different genetic populations and to compare the genetic background of differences between cutting and polyploid seedlings. The genomic DNA of 60 cutting and polyploid seedlings was extracted for PCR amplification by using 3 ISSR primers and 11 RAPD primers for random sampling from adjacent cultivated fields. Among the primers, ISSR‐25 primer detected the highest diversity of the loci. Seven loci of variation were found in the two populations. The variation rates detected using 3 ISSR primers were 13.3% and 6.7% for the cutting and polyploid populations, respectively. Genetic polymorphisms in P. graveolens genome with mutation rates of 11.7% and 3.3% were respectively determined in cutting and polyploid seedlings by using 3 RAPD primers (B11, P4, and R19). Both types of molecular markers also revealed the mutation in cutting and polyploid seedlings. Results demonstrated that a genetic difference can be observed by the molecular markers, although no evident phenotypic difference exists in cutting and polyploid seedlings in fields. The trend of these molecular markers is consistent, that is, individual genetic differences in cutting seedlings are greater than those in polyploid seedlings. These results suggested that polyploid seedlings in a population are relative uniform and applicable to production.
Case report of treatment with a sigmoid neovagina for a patient with vesicovaginal fistula and gynatresia
Authors: Sunday‐Adeoye Ileogben , Eni Uche E. , Ekwedigwe Kenneth C. , Daniyan Babafemi A.C. , Abodunrin Olusola N. , Isikhuemen Maradona E. , Eliboh Monday O. , Uguru Sunday M. 
Published: October 2017

A patient experienced severe gynatresia 11 months after vesicovaginal fistula repair. A sigmoid neovagina was included in the surgical repair.
Predictors of intimate partner violence among pregnant women
Authors: Lee Sunghee , Lee Eunyoung 
Published: October 2017

AbstractObjectiveTo identify predictive factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) among pregnant women.MethodsIn a cross‐sectional study, 250 pregnant, married women attending three women's hospitals in South Korea for prenatal care were enrolled between July 1 and August 31, 2016. The women answered structured questionnaires assessing conflict negotiation coping, social support, and IPV, which was measured by 18 questions in three domains: psychological, physical, and sexual violence. Participants who reported experience in response to more than one question were deemed to have encountered IPV. Binomial logistic regression analysis was used to investigate predictive factors of IPV.ResultsOverall, 85 (34.0%) participants had experienced IPV. Likelihood of IPV was linked with younger age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.90, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.83–0.94; P=0.012), unemployment (aOR 1.98, 95% CI 1.07–3.70; P=0.031), and graduate school education (aOR 7.32, 95% CI 1.68–31.84; P=0.008). The likelihood of IPV increased as the social support score decreased (aOR 0.92, 95% CI 0.88–0.95; P<0.001).ConclusionEfforts to screen for IPV and to intervene to reduce the impact of such violence on pregnant women's delivery outcomes should be a maternal health priority in South Korea.
Mechanisms of toxicity associated with six tyrosine kinase inhibitors in human hepatocyte cell lines
Authors: Mingard Cécile , Paech Franziska , Bouitbir Jamal , Krähenbühl Stephan 
Published: October 2017

AbstractTyrosine kinase inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of certain cancers. They are usually well tolerated, but can cause adverse reactions including liver injury. Currently, mechanisms of hepatotoxicity associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors are only partially clarified. We therefore aimed at investigating the toxicity of regorafenib, sorafenib, ponatinib, crizotinib, dasatinib and pazopanib on HepG2 and partially on HepaRG cells. Regorafenib and sorafenib strongly inhibited oxidative metabolism (measured by the Seahorse‐XF24 analyzer) and glycolysis, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential and induced apoptosis and/or necrosis of HepG2 cells at concentrations similar to steady‐state plasma concentrations in humans. In HepaRG cells, pretreatment with rifampicin decreased membrane toxicity (measured as adenylate kinase release) and dissipation of adenosine triphosphate stores, indicating that toxicity was associated mainly with the parent drugs. Ponatinib strongly impaired oxidative metabolism but only weakly glycolysis, and induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells at concentrations higher than steady‐state plasma concentrations in humans. Crizotinib and dasatinib did not significantly affect mitochondrial functions and inhibited glycolysis only weakly, but induced apoptosis of HepG2 cells. Pazopanib was associated with a weak increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species accumulation and inhibition of glycolysis without being cytotoxic. In conclusion, regorafenib and sorafenib are strong mitochondrial toxicants and inhibitors of glycolysis at clinically relevant concentrations. Ponatinib affects mitochondria and glycolysis at higher concentrations than reached in plasma (but possibly in liver), whereas crizotinib, dasatinib and pazopanib showed no relevant toxicity. Mitochondrial toxicity and inhibition of glycolysis most likely explain hepatotoxicity associated with regorafenib, sorafenib and possibly pazopanib, but not for the other compounds investigated.