bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reflections on the ‘Administrative, Not Constitutional’ Character of EU Law in Times of Crisis
Authors: Lindseth Peter L. 
Published: November 2017

AbstractAs is broadly recognized, the realm of administrative power greatly expanded over the course the twentieth century (particularly after 1945). This essay argues that this expansion, along with differential conceptions of legitimacy deeply bound up with it, are crucial to understanding not just the modern administrative state but also the nature of EU governance and the law governing its operation. Despite a dominant paradigm that seeks to understand EU governance in autonomously democratic and constitutional terms, the legitimacy of integration as a whole has remained primarily ‘administrative, not constitutional’. The EU’s normative power, like all power of an ultimately administrative character, finds its legitimacy primarily in legal, technocratic and functional claims. This is not to deny that European integration involves ‘politics’ or has profound ‘constitutional’ implications for its member states or citizens. The ‘administrative, not constitutional’ paradigm is meant only to stress that the ultimate grounding of EU rulemaking, enforcement, and adjudication comes closer to the sort of administrative legitimacy that is mediated through national executives, national courts, and national parliaments to a much greater extent than the dominant paradigm supposes. This is the reality that the ‘administrative, not constitutional’ paradigm on EU law has always sought to emphasize, and it is one that is particularly pertinent to the integration process in times of crisis. It is unsurprising, in these circumstances, that the public law of European integration has continually resorted to mechanisms of nationally mediated legitimacy in order to ‘borrow’ legitimacy from the national level. Unless and until Europeans begin to experience democracy and constitutionalism in supranational terms, the ‘administrative, not constitutional’ paradigm suggests that the EU’s judicial doctrines must be adjusted. The purpose should be to address the persistent disconnect between supranational regulatory power and its robust sources of democratic and constitutional legitimacy on the national level.
The Functions of Constitutional Identity Performed in the Context of Constitutionalization of the EU Order and Europeanization of the Legal Orders of EU Member States
Authors: Belov Martin 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This article provides an analysis of the functions performed by constitutional identity in constitutional discourses of both the EU and its Member States, in the context of emerging post-Westphalian and supranational constitutionalism. The analysis tries to demonstrate that constitutional identity may serve as one of the key normative ideologies, legitimation strategies and ordering schemes of EU constitutionalism. It reasserts through functional analysis the suitability of constitutional identity for organizing and explaining multiple constitutional orders in a non-hierarchical and inclusive way.
The article is based on a socio-legal approach, deliberately avoiding the predominant legal realist and legal positivist discourses. This is due to the fact that a functional analysis presupposes admitting the existence of ideal, legal and socio-legal dimensions of constitutional concepts and institutions and the taking into account of social implications produced by their functioning. The article deliberately takes a constitutionalist stance on the EU and the EU integration. It is focused on the contribution of constitutional identity for the further constitutionalization of the EU from a socio-political and constitutionalist perspective.
The Theory of EU Constitutional Pluralism: A Crisis in a Crisis?
Authors: Pierdominici Leonardo 
Published: November 2017

AbstractThe paper deals with the validity of constitutional pluralism as a constitutional theory for the European Union and a paradigm for the understanding of EU law in the current times of crisis. It reconstructs the way in which constitutional pluralism came to the fore, the different ways in which the theory was presented, and considers historical criticism it has faced. It then looks at the anomalies that, allegedly, cannot be explained today by constitutional pluralism as a paradigm, linked to the current economic and political crises in the Union. The reconstruction of the debate is complemented with reflections on both the descriptive and normative validity of EU constitutional pluralism’s claims.
Anomaly on Superspace of Time Series Data
Authors: Capozziello Salvatore , Pincak Richard , Kanjamapornkul Kabin 
Published: November 2017

AbstractWe apply the G-theory and anomaly of ghost and antighost fields in the theory of supersymmetry to study a superspace over time series data for the detection of hidden general supply and demand equilibrium in the financial market. We provide proof of the existence of a general equilibrium point over 14 extradimensions of the new G-theory compared with the M-theory of the 11 dimensions model of Edward Witten. We found that the process of coupling between nonequilibrium and equilibrium spinor fields of expectation ghost fields in the superspace of time series data induces an infinitely long exact sequence of cohomology from a short exact sequence of moduli state space model. If we assume that the financial market is separated into two topological spaces of supply and demand as the D-brane and anti-D-brane model, then we can use a cohomology group to compute the stability of the market as a stable point of the general equilibrium of the interaction between D-branes of the market. We obtain the result that the general equilibrium will exist if and only if the 14thBatalin–Vilkovisky cohomology group with the negative dimensions underlying 14 major hidden factors influencing the market is zero.
Pasado, presente y futuro de las lenguas originarias de México
Authors: Flores Farfán José Antonio 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This paper sketches out a number of sociolinguistic themes regarding Mexican indigenous multilingualism, exploring a global sociolinguistic framework to understand the possibilities of continuity of Mexico’s indigenous languages and their different challenges. In pursuit of an understanding of Mexican indigenous sociolinguistic complexity a series of theoretical and methodological as well as historical and empirical traits, together with our own revitalizing efforts vis-à-vis key institutional contexts, are investigated. For this purpose, case study research findings are highlighted (e.g. Nahuatl), findings which also represent different poles of the language shift-retention continuum (e.g. Kiliwa versus Yucatec Maya).
«Romanische Philologie» in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart Deutschlands: ergänzende Anmerkungen zu einem Beitrag von Wolfgang Schweickard
Authors: Kramer Johannes 
Published: November 2017

Abstract
This contribution offers some complements and extensions to Wolfgang Schweickard’s article Sviluppo storico e situazione attuale della «Romanische Philologie» in Germania (ZrP 132, 2016, 922–937).
CaMKIIα Mediates the Effect of IL-17 To Promote Ongoing Spontaneous and Evoked Pain in Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Hu Xiaoyu , Huang Fang , Wang Zaijie Jim 
Published: November 2017

Pain is a common and severe symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the CNS. The neurobiological mechanism underlying MS pain is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the role of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIα (CaMKIIα) in driving chronic pain in MS using a mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. We found that spinal CaMKIIα activity was enhanced in EAE, correlating with the development of ongoing spontaneous pain and evoked hypersensitivity to mechanical and thermal stimuli. Prophylactic or acute administration of KN93, a CaMKIIα inhibitor, significantly reduced the clinical scores of EAE and attenuated mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia in EAE. siRNA targeting CaMKIIα reversed established mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity in EAE mice. Furthermore, CaMKIIαT286A point mutation mice showed significantly reduced EAE clinical scores, an absence of evoked pain, and ongoing spontaneous pain when compared with littermate wild-type mice. We found that IL-17 is responsible for inducing but not maintaining mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia that is mediated by CaMKIIα signaling in EAE. Together, these data implicate a critical role of CaMKIIα as a cellular mechanism for pain and neuropathy in multiple sclerosis and IL-17 may act upstream of CaMKIIα in the generation of pain.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPain is highly prevalent in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), significantly reducing patients' quality of life. Using the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model, we were able to study not only evoked hyperalgesia, but also for the first time to demonstrate spontaneous pain that is also experienced by patients. Our study identified a role of spinal CaMKIIα in promoting and maintaining persistent ongoing spontaneous pain and evoked hyperalgesia pain in EAE. We further demonstrated that IL-17 contributes to persistent pain in EAE and functions as an upstream regulator of CaMKIIα signaling. These data for the first time implicated CaMKIIα and IL-17 as critical regulators of persistent pain in EAE, which may ultimately offer new therapeutic targets for mitigating pain in multiple sclerosis.
Human sex hormone-binding globulin does not provide metabolic protection against diet-induced obesity and dysglycemia in mice
Authors: Sofer Yael , Nevo Nava , Vechoropoulos Michal , Shefer Gabi , Osher Etty , Landis Nathan , Tordjman Karen , Hammond Geoffrey L , Stern Naftali 
Published: November 2017

Background
Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is the main transporter of sex hormones in most vertebrates. Low SHBG levels have been linked to increased risk for diabetes and metabolic syndrome. Polymorphisms of the SHBG gene linked to low SHBG protein levels also strongly predicted increased risk of type 2 diabetes, thus raising the possibility that SHBG may play a role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and diabetes.

Aim
To examine whether expression of human SHBG in mice may ameliorate the development of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in response to a high-fat diet (HFD).

Methods
Transgene mice expressing a human SHBG transgene (SHBG+) (N = 10/11; males/females) and their wild type littermates (N = 12/8; males/females) were fed HFD for 4.5 months.

Results
HFD induced comparable obesity in control and SHBG+ mice. Male transgenes had higher muscle mass after 2–3.5 months HFD (0.43 ± 0.028 (n = 4) vs 0.38 ± 0.053 g (n = 7), P = 0.05). Fasting blood glucose, as well as insulin or HOMA-IR, was not different in transgenic vs wild-type males after 4–5 months HFD. Female transgenes had higher fasting glucose (152 ± 29 (n = 7) vs 115 ± 27 mg/dL, P = 0.01 (n = 8)), but mean insulin and HOMA-IR were not different. Likewise, insulin tolerance test and intra-peritoneal glucose tolerance test (GTT) were not different. Finally, SHBG+ mice were not different from controls in terms of liver enzymes, serum triglyceride levels and blood pressure.

Conclusion
In mice with diet-induced obesity, human SHBG did not protect against development of obesity or dysglycemia.
Effect of FDA Investigation on Opioid Prescribing to Children After Tonsillectomy/Adenoidectomy
Authors: Chua Kao-Ping , Shrime Mark G. , Conti Rena M. 
Published: November 2017

BACKGROUND:
In August 2012, the Food and Drug Administration investigated the safety of codeine use by children after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy, culminating in a black box warning in February 2013. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between the investigation and opioid prescribing to children undergoing these surgeries.

METHODS:
We identified 362 992 privately insured children in the 2010–2015 Truven MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters database who underwent tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. Using an interrupted time series design, we estimated level and slope changes in the proportion of children with ≥1 prescription fills for codeine and ≥1 fills for an alternative opioid, such as hydrocodone, within 7 days of surgery.

RESULTS:
The investigation was associated with a significant −13.3 (95% confidence interval: −14.5 to −12.1) percentage point level change in the proportion of children with ≥1 prescription fills for codeine after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. Despite this drop, 5.1% of children had ≥1 prescription fills for codeine in December 2015. The investigation was not associated with significant level changes in alternative opioid prescribing, although the proportion of children receiving alternative opioids increased during the study period because of other factors.

CONCLUSIONS:
The Food and Drug Administration investigation substantially decreased codeine prescribing to children after tonsillectomy and/or adenoidectomy. However, 1 in 20 children undergoing these surgeries were still prescribed codeine in December 2015 despite its well-documented safety and efficacy issues.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS USUÁRIOS DE BOMBA DE INFUSÃO DE INSULINA NO SUDESTE GOIANO
Authors: Silva André Carlos , SILVA Aline Mirian da , BARROS Mariana Rezende de , SILVEIRA Amanda Oliveira Soares Monteiro , SOUZA Séfara , Leal Geraldo Sadoyama 
Published: November 2017

A partir do final do século XX, surgiram grandes avanços tecnológicos no tratamento do diabetes, entre eles destaca-se a Bomba de Infusão de Insulina (BII). Diante da busca de tratamentos que alcancem um controle glicêmico adequado passível de prevenir as complicações crônicas e com melhor qualidade de vida, percebeu-se a necessidade de avaliar a satisfação com o tratamento (ST) BII. A amostra selecionada foi composta por 10 indivíduos de um total de 12 usuários de BII que responderam um questionário sobre ST. A maioria dos pacientes entrevistados apresentou alto percentual em relação ao grau de satisfação com a BII. Por outro lado, os altos custos e a distorção da imagem corporal destacaram-se como fatores negativos em relação a BII. Apesar da BII ser uma inovação tecnológica no tratamento de pacientes diabéticos, ainda é subutilizada principalmente pelos custos elevados. Dessa forma é fundamental a realização de mais pesquisas na área, para que seja possível demonstrar custo-benefício do tratamento com a BII, possibilitando maior abrangência dessa terapia para a população diabética, assim como disponibilização de dispositivos mais confortáveis.
SÍNTESE DE NANOPARTÍCULAS DE SnO2 DOPADAS COM NÍQUEL PELO MÉTODO HIDROTERMAL ASSISTIDO POR MICRO-ONDAS E SUA UTILIZAÇÃO COMO CATALIZADORES NA OBTENÇÃO DE BIODIESEL
Authors: Oliveira Marcelo Moizinho , Rangel José Hilton Gomes , Vasconcelos Jomar Sales , Longo Elson 
Published: November 2017

Devido sua alta estabilidade química, além de seu baixo custo, o dióxido de estanho vem sendo bastante reportado na literatura, bem como sua síntese hidrotérmica associada a micro-ondas. A utilização de catalizadores heterogêneos, na síntese de biodiesel, vem se mostrando bastante promissor, com taxas de conversão acima de 80 %. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de sintetizar o SnO2 dopado com níquel visando sua aplicação como catalisador heterogêneo na transesterificação de óleos vegetais. Os pós obtidos foram caracterizados por difração de raios X, espectroscopia Raman, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e adsorção/dissorção de N2(g) utilizando o método de Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET). Os resultados mostraram pós com aglomerados nanométricos e alta área superficial. Os testes catalíticos mostraram um fator de retenção de 80 % e redução da viscosidade do óleo babaçu de 30,27 mm2s-1 para 6,91 mm2s-1, indicando que o catalizador sintetizado pode ser utilizador na transesterificação de óleos vegetais.
Around the Idea of Compromise. The activity of the Polish Peasant Party „New Liberation” on the forum of the State National Council and Parliament (with a particular emphasis on education)
Authors: Skrzyński Tomasz 
Published: November 2017

PSL „New Liberation” tried to win the villages. It highlighted its association with one of the major pre­‑war left­‑wing peasant parties: PSL „Liberation”. Before the war it had gathered many village teachers, focusing its attention on the modernization and development of education. The „New Liberation” declared great concern for the state (including education); it emphasized the importance of religion; it ensured that in the new political realities, an educated peasant „should not be a laughing stock, as it used to be previously, but a citizen enjoying full rights”. The party emphasized the role of peasant educational organizations: „the tremendous importance of this work, which seeks to abolish the eternal harm suffered by the neglected peasant child.” „New Liberation” persuaded the peasants that they should abandon their rivalry with the Communists and Socialists. The aim was to cooperate on equal terms. But, the idea of „New Liberation” to partially represent the interests of the village in the parliament was unreal. The „liberators” failed to notice the insincerity in PPR policy. The aim of this article is to recall the main activities of the Polish Peasant Party “New Liberation” on the forum of the State National Council and Parliament.
Muzyka liturgiczna a nowoczesność
Authors: Botor Henryk Jan 
Published: November 2017

W każdej muzycznej epoce pojawiał się pewien rodzaj nowoczesności, który powodował rozwój muzycznego języka. Jednak nowoczesność pojmowana współcześnie rozpoczęła się mniej więcej na początku wieku XX w., szczególnie w malarstwie. Zapoczątkował ją kierunek malarski zwany dadaizmem. Artyści, którzy go tworzyli, nierzadko kierowali się nihilizmem. Dadaizm przerodził się w nowy kierunek, zwany surrealizmem. Jego przedstawicielami byli m.in. Salvador Dali, Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst, Marcel Duchamp. Kierunek ten cechował się też buntem artystów przeciwko tradycyjnemu pojęciu piękna i sztuki.Podobny bunt w muzyce nastąpił dopiero na przełomie lat pięćdziesiątych i sześćdziesiątych XX w., w postaci tendencji awangardowych, co spowodowało rozpad tradycyjnego podejścia do tworzenia muzyki. Muzyka liturgiczna w tym czasie zachowała swój tradycyjny język muzyczny, a to zaowocowało większym rozdźwiękiem między Kościołem a kulturą. Kardynał Joseph Ratzinger w swojej książce Nowa pieśń dla Pana porusza i analizuje te zjawiska, przez co książka ta jest znakomitą pozycją pomocną w rozwiązywaniu tych problemów.Znakomitym drogowskazem dla twórców nie tylko muzyki liturgicznej jest List do artystów św. Jana Pawła II, w którym autor porusza sens twórczości. List ten jest też pewnym pomostem między twórcą sztuki współczesnej a Kościołem.Można również próbować stosować pewne współczesne techniki kompozytorskie w liturgii, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem tych, które dotyczą harmonii i skal muzycznych (np. skale Messiaenowskie). Jednakże należy czynić to z rozwagą, aby nie zakłócić przeżywania liturgii przez wiernych.
Pieśni mszalne ks. Franciszka Walczyńskiego
Authors: Garnczarski Stanisław 
Published: November 2017

Pieśni mszalne ks. Franciszka Walczyńskiego są kontynuacją tego gatunku istniejącego od drugiej połowy XVIII w. Kompozytor przejął wybrane teksty z pieśni już istniejących i opatrzył je nowymi melodiami. Pieśni mszalne w twórczości Walczyńskiego to cykle liczące przeważnie od dziewięciu do sześciu części. Warianty tekstowe są nieliczne. Struktura tekstów oparta wyłącznie na budowie stroficznej wykorzystuje zwrotki od ośmio-, siedmio-, sześcio- i w jednej pieśni czterowersowe. Są one w przewadze hetrosylabiczne, wiązane rymami żeńskimi dokładnymi, układającymi się naprzemiennie oraz rzadziej – przylegająco.Pod względem muzycznym pieśni mszalne zawarte w badanym zbiorze ks. Walczyńskiego prezentują układy dwu- i trzyczęściowe, oparte o harmonikę dur­‑moll, formę melodyczną cechującą się szerokim zakresem ambitusu, kierunkiem łukowym i falistym, interwałami sekundowymi. Wszystkie te cechy ukazują wartość artystyczną twórczości muzycznej ks. Walczyńskiego, będącej świadectwem religijnej kultury muzycznej Kościoła katolickiego w Polsce w XIX i w początkach XX w.
„Litania do Marii Panny” Jerzego Lieberta w kantacie Karola Szymanowskiego
Authors: Szczurko Elżbieta 
Published: November 2017

Przedmiotem artykułu jest Litania do Marii Panny op. 59 Karola Szymanowskiego, napisana do fragmentów wiersza Jerzego Lieberta. Autorka koncentruje się najpierw na cechach twórczości Lieberta, jako czołowego przedstawiciela poezji religijno­‑filozoficznej dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, wskazując także na ewolucję poglądów filozoficzno­‑religijnych poety, determinujących jego aktywność literacką. Analizie poddany jest najpierw pełen prostoty, nacechowany symbolicznie liryk Lieberta Litania do Marii Panny, stanowiący przykład poezji, w której podmiot „staje się locus transcendentiae”. Kontekst dla wiersza stanowi zarówno litania liturgiczna, jak i litania poetycka, z przykładami wierszy napisanych przed Litanią Lieberta. W dalszej części artykułu autorka skupia się na walorach kantaty Karola Szymanowskiego, uznanej przez samego kompozytora za „może najlepszy utwór, jaki napisał”. Wskazując najpierw na przyczyny inspiracji wierszem Lieberta oraz okoliczności powstania dzieła, autorka przechodzi do charakterystyki cech konstytutywnych kantaty, odnajdując je na poziomie stylu i estetyki, w relacji słowa i muzyki oraz symbolice figur obrazowych i wyrazowych. W interpretacji dzieła pojawiają się odniesienia do analiz innych autorów, m.in. koncepcji Mieczysława Tomaszewskiego, przedstawiającego Litanię jako wcielenie idiomu „franciszkańskiego”.
Ideologia euroregionalizmu
Authors: Muś Anna 
Published: November 2017

Europe of the Regions is a political doctrine popular especially in Europe up to this day. Its foundations are created by the ideology, which consists of the faith in European integration and stressing the need for representation of interests of every region, called in the paper Euro‑­regionalism ideology. The paper presents the ideas of Leopold Kohr, Yann Fouéré and Denis de Rougemont. Moreover the paper consists of analysis of their influence on the doctrine, called Europe of Regions, presented among others, by the European Free Alliance.